gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure and Mechanism of Acetolactate Decarboxylase (2013)

Acetolactate decarboxylase catalyzes the conversion of both enantiomers of acetolactate to the (R)-enantiomer of acetoin, via a mechanism that has been shown to involve a prior rearrangement of the non-natural (R)-enantiomer substrate to the natural (S)-enantiomer. In this paper, a series of crystal structures of ALDC complex with designed transition state mimics are reported. These structures, coupled with inhibition studies and site-directed mutagenesis provide an improved understanding of the molecular processes involved in the stereoselective decarboxylation/protonation events. A mechanism for the transformation of each enantiomer of acetolactate is proposed.
Aqueous Solution Structure over α-Al2O3(0112) Probed by Frequency-Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy (2010)

An α-Al2O3(011̅2) wafer was immersed in an aqueous KCl solution of 1 mol L−1 and observed with a frequency-modulation atomic force microscope. The tip−surface force was precisely determined as a function of the tip−surface distance. The force−distance relationship contained oscillations accompanied with an exponentially decayed, electric double layer force. The force oscillations were ascribed to liquid water layers confined over the Al2O3 surface.
Patient-reported Outcomes After External Beam Radiotherapy With Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy Boost vs Radical Prostatectomy for Localized Prostate Cancer: Five-year Results From a Prospective Comparative Effectiveness Study (2022)

Compared to radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy with low dose rate brachytherapy boost was associated with clinically meaningful worse urinary irritative/obstructive and bowel functions but better urinary incontinence function through 5 years after treatment. These patient-reported functional outcomes may clarify treatment expectations and help inform treatment choices for localized prostate cancer.
Immunosuppression overcomes insulin- and vector-specific immune responses that limit efficacy of AAV2/8-mediated insulin gene therapy in NOD mice (2021)

We report the restoration of euglycaemia in chemically induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice and spontaneously diabetic Non Obese Diabetic (NOD) mice by intravenous systemic administration of a single-stranded adeno-associated virus (ssAAV2/8) codon optimised (co) vector encoding furin cleavable human proinsulin under a liver-specific promoter. There were no immunological barriers to efficacy of insulin gene therapy in chemically induced C57BL/6 mice, which enjoyed long-lasting correction of hyperglycaemia after therapy, up to 250 days. Euglycaemia was also restored in spontaneously diabetic NOD mice, although these mice required a 7–10-fold higher dose of vector to achieve similar efficacy as the C57BL/6 mice and the immunodeficient NODscid mice. We detected CD8+ T cell reactivity to insulin and mild inflammatory infiltration in the livers of gene therapy recipient NOD mice, neither of which were observed in the treated C57BL/6 mice. Efficacy of the gene therapy in NOD mice was partially improved by targeting the immune system with anti-CD4 antibody treatment, while transfer of NOD mouse AAV2/8-reactive serum to recipients prevented successful restoration of euglycaemia in AAV2/8-HLP-hINSco-treated NODscid mice. Our data indicate that both immune cells and antibodies form a barrier to successful restoration of euglycaemia in autoimmune diabetic recipient mice with insulin gene therapy, but that this barrier can be overcome by increasing the dose of vector and by suppressing immune responses.
Ultra-broadband few-cycle laser pulses for simultaneous multi-color fluorescence microscopy applications via the SyncRGB-FLIM method (2021)

Ultra-broadband lasers allow simultaneous excitation of various dyes and endogenous markers, used for metabolic imaging during treatment of live-cells with anticancer drugs. The versatility of few cycle lasers for biomedical imaging is demonstrated.
On reducing the inter frame rate: an embedded residual image model for mesh-based motion tracking (2002)

Mesh-based motion tracking is a fast-emerging model for inter-frame video compression. This paper presents a mesh-based motion-tracking model with embedded residual image that improves the quality of predicted frames by the use of residual coding. The presented method reduces the rate of inter frame update. It has been shown statistically that the presented model is able to maintain a relatively high quality in predicted video frames at a low cost.
On the deionization of impurities as an explanation for excess intrinsic carrier density in heavily doped silicon (1980)

The recent models of Heasell and Popovic are discussed from the unifying viewpoint that both use the deionization of impurities to try to explain the excess intrinsic carrier density (or deficit effective doping concentration) experimentally observed in heavily doped silicon. The conclusion is that neither of these models can explain the experimental data. Thus neither satisfactorily replaces the interpretation given earlier that attributes the experimental findings to energy-bandgap narrowing. From the standpoint of device analysis, this conclusion bears on the models used to explain the experimental result that the common-emitter current gain in silicon bipolar transistors and the open-circuit voltage in silicon solar cells are often much lower than predicted by classical theory.
Toluene diisocyanate inducedasthma: outcome according topersistence or cessation ofexposure (1993)

Sixtypatients withoccupational asthmadueto exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI)were re-evaluated, five years aftertheinitial diagnosis hadbeenconfirmed byaspecific bronchial provocation challenge. Duringbothexaminationstheseverity ofasthmatic symptoms and the need forantiasthmatreatment were gradedandlungfunction tests,measurement of airwayresponsiveness to methacholine (PD15), andskintestswithcommon inhalant allergens were carried out.Theevolution ofthe disease was established on thebasisofthe increase or decrease inasthmatic symptoms, requirements formedication, andFEV,and PD,5methacholine betweenthetwo examinations. Atfollow up 17patients (groupA,28-3%) hadcarried on workinginthesame environment afterrelocation to jobswith only occasional exposure toTDI;15ofthemused protective respiratory devices. Theremaining 43(groupB,71-7%)avoidedfurther inhalation ofTDI bymovingtoanothersector.GroupA showeda significant decrease inFEV,andPD,5 methacholine andsignificant increases inthe severity ofsymptom score and requirement formedication; 13subjects (765%)were worse, four(23-5%) were stable, and no one had recovered or improved. GroupB showedsignificantly less severe symptoms andathreefold increase inPD,5methacholine; 12 subjects (28-2%)totally recovered, 10 (232%) improved, 16(372%)were stable, andfive(11-6%) were worse. In group B the durationof exposure toTDI andofsymptoms beforethe initial diagnosis delineated thepatients who recoveredfrom thosewho didnot improve; intermediate valuesinthesefeatures characterised thesubjects whoimprovedbutdidnot recover. Itisinferred thatcompleteremoval
A Study of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin in Platinum-Refractory Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2004)

This is the first report of the use of a slightly modified dose schedule for PLD at a dose of 40 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, which is active in platinum-refractory EOC with manageable toxicities.
Polysulfonylamine. XLI. Ein Silber(I)‐Hydrat ungewöhnlicher Zusammensetzung: Röntgenstrukturanalytische und thermochemische Charakterisierung von Tetrakis(dimesylamido)aquatetrasilber(I) [Ag4(N(SO2CH3)2}4(H2O)] (1993)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung entsteht durch Kristallisation von AgN(SO 2 CH 3 ) 2 aus Wasser bei Raumtemperatur. Kristallographische Daten (bei −95°C): Trikline Raumgruppe P 1 , a = 864,6(4), b = 1 211,2(5), c = 1 399,1(5) pm, α = 90,97(3), β = 90,90(3), γ = 98,25(4)°, V = 1,4496 nm 3 , Z = 2, D x = 2,608 Mg m −3 . Die vier unabhängigen Silberatome und das Wassermolekül bilden Zickzack‐Ketten Ag(1)‐Ag(2)‐(μ‐H 2 O)‐Ag(3) …︁ Ag(4) …︁ Ag(1′) mit den Abständen Ag(1)‐Ag(2) 309,7, Ag(2)‐O(W) 241,8 O(W)‐Ag(3) 241,4, Ag(3) …︁ Ag(4) 342,9, Ag(4) …︁ Ag(1′) 361,4 pm. Die Silberatome in der Kette werden durch die Dimesylamid‐Anionen miteinander verklammert, die innerhalb der so resultierenden Stränge als dreizähnig‐verbrückende (α‐O, N, ω‐O)‐Liganden wirken. Die Stränge sind pro Repetiereinheit durch einen Kontakt O(S)‐Ag′ (247 pm) und eine Wasserstoffbrücke O(W)‐H(1) …︁O′(S) zu Schichten verknüpft. Zwischen den Schichten bestehen je Strang‐Repetiereinheit eine schwache Wechselwirkung O(S) …︁ Ag″ (271 pm) und eine Wasserstoffbrücke O(W)‐H(2) …︁ O″(S). Die Silberatome besitzen in der Reihenfolge Ag(1) bis Ag(4) die Koordinationszahl 5 [NO 3 Ag(2), verzerrt trigonal‐bipyramidal], 5 [NO 2 O(W)Ag(1), verzerrt trigonal‐bipyramidal], 5 [O 4 O(W), trigonal‐bipyramidal], 2 + 1 (N 2 , linear; ein zusätzlicher Sekundärkontakt Ag …︁ O). Die Dehydratation der Titelverbindung und eine fest‐fest‐Phasenumwandlung des wasserfreien AgN(SO 2 CH 3 ) 2 wurden durch Thermokonduktometrie sowie zeit‐ und temperaturaufgelöste Röntgendiffraktometrie (TXRD) quantitativ untersucht.
Generative Modeling with Conditional Autoencoders: Building an Integrated Cell (2017)

We present a conditional generative model to learn variation in cell and nuclear morphology and the location of subcellular structures from microscopy images. Our model generalizes to a wide range of subcellular localization and allows for a probabilistic interpretation of cell and nuclear morphology and structure localization from fluorescence images. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by producing photo-realistic cell images using our generative model. The conditional nature of the model provides the ability to predict the localization of unobserved structures given cell and nuclear morphology.
A vision-based target tracking control system of a quadrotor by using a tablet computer (2013)

This paper proposes a vision-based target tracking system of a quadrotor. The system consists of a vision-based target detection algorithm using color and image moment of a target candidate. A flight control layer working with the vision layer and the low level quadrotor control layer is designed using the offset of the target from the center of the image frame. The image processing and control algorithms are all implemented on a latest tablet computer, which was capable of running those algorithms in real-time. The proposed system was validated on a commercially available quadrotor platform and demonstrated satisfactory target tracking performance. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup>
Hydrocarbons decontamination of three titanium dental implants by using ultraviolet LED irradiation (2019)

Background The surface chemistry of titanium (Ti) dental implants is considered to be one of the crucial factors contributing to successful osseointegration. Additionally, ultraviolet (UV) light is known to alter the chemical behaviour of the Ti oxide that inevitably or purposely surrounds every all Ti implants. As a result, a growing number of authors propose to irradiate these implants with UV light prior to their placement in the oral cavity, in a process called photofunctionalization. Aim/Hypothesis The aim of this comparative in-vitro study is to gain insight into how effective the photofunctionalization can be when applied to three different Ti dental implants, of varying commercial brands and therefore having distinctive surface chemistry and topography. Material and Methods Three different Ti dental implants (SteriOss Inc. THD+ Nobel Biocare TiUnite+ Straumann SLA), were irradiated by a pair of closely placed Light Emitting Diode (LED) devices producing C-range UV light (UVC, λ=278 nm) for 24 hours. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyse the chemical composition of the surfaces before and after treatment. In both cases, first, a wide scan analysis was conducted to detect the elements present on the three samples, and then, detailed scans were performed around the bounding energy peaks of titanium, oxygen and carbon, in order to quantify their relative concentration. Along with that, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was employed to characterize the surface topography and morphology of the three implants. Results The surface properties changed according to the manufacturing and surface modification treatment methods used. XPS analysis showed a reduction in the concentration of hydrocarbons in the oxide layer in all the samples, after UVC irradiation, from 25.6 to 19.5 C at. % (carbon atomic concentration) in the SteriOss THD implant+ from 30.2 to 20.2 C at. % in the Nobel Biocare TiUnite implant+ and from 26.1 to 19.2 C at. % in Straumann SLA implant. Indeed, higher amounts of hydrocarbons were observed in the TiUnite surface. Together with that, an increase in the concentration of oxygen and titanium was demonstrated, which is related to an enhancement of osseointegration. SEM analysis showed morphological differences at microscopic level between three samples. Conclusion and Clinical Implications UVC LED-based irradiation reduced the hydrocarbons in the oxide layer regardless of the kind of titanium surface. This suggests UVC LED-based technology can be a successful alternative to the implementation of the photofunctionalization in Ti implants and thus improving the bone-material interactions and resulting in a better development of the osseointegration.
[Therapy of occupational dermatitis]. (1984)

The cause and clinical picture of occupational dermatitis is reviewed and the treatment used in the past and also those introduced recently discussed.
General Supervision via Probabilistic Transformations (2019)

Different types of training data have led to numerous schemes for supervised classification. Current learning techniques are tailored to one specific scheme and cannot handle general ensembles of training data. This paper presents a unifying framework for supervised classification with general ensembles of training data, and proposes the learning methodology of generalized robust risk minimization (GRRM). The paper shows how current and novel supervision schemes can be addressed under the proposed framework by representing the relationship between examples at test and training via probabilistic transformations. The results show that GRRM can handle different types of training data in a unified manner, and enable new supervision schemes that aggregate general ensembles of training data.
Photonic crystal fiber devices (2003)

Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. Eggleton, "Photonic crystal fiber devices," in Frontiers in Optics, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2003), paper MO2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Single- and double-resonance laser-induced ionization of phosphorus monoxide in an air-acetylene flame for the determination of phosphorus (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSingle- and double-resonance laser-induced ionization of phosphorus monoxide in an air-acetylene flame for the determination of phosphorusGregory C. TurkCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 15, 1607–1611Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00015a021RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (641 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bronchial changes in airborne tularemia (1986)

We describe seven typhoidal tularemia patients without ulcers or lymphadenopathy, who underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy. Four patients had had obvious airborne exposure to F. tularensis during farming activities, and the remaining three had respiratory symptoms also. Bronchoscopical findings were pathological in all cases, varying from local to diffuse haemorrhagic inflammation; in one case a granulomatous tumour was seen. Early histopathological changes in three biopsies consisted of haemorrhagic oedema progressing to a non-specific inflammatory reaction, which could still be found 45 days after the onset of symptoms. Granulomatous inflammation, indistinguishable from tuberculosis or sarcoidosis, was seen in four biopsies from two patients, three to seven months after the onset. Most patients had radiographic hilar enlargement. We conclude that transmission of typhoid tularemia usually occurs through inhalation leading to bronchial changes, which correspond skin ulcerations in ulcero-glandular tularemia, the hilar enlargement corresponding to the lymph node component. We emphasize that usage of the term 'typhoidal' tularemia should be discontinued. Instead, tularemia transmitted through inhalation should be called pulmonary or respiratory.
TesseTrack: End-to-End Learnable Multi-Person Articulated 3D Pose Tracking (2021)

We consider the task of 3D pose estimation and tracking of multiple people seen in an arbitrary number of camera feeds. We propose TesseTrack <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> , a novel top-down approach that simultaneously reasons about multiple individuals’ 3D body joint reconstructions and associations in space and time in a single end-to-end learnable framework. At the core of our approach is a novel spatio-temporal formulation that operates in a common voxelized feature space aggregated from single- or multiple camera views. After a person detection step, a 4D CNN produces short-term person-specific representations which are then linked across time by a differentiable matcher. The linked descriptions are then merged and deconvolved into 3D poses. This joint spatio-temporal formulation contrasts with previous piecewise strategies that treat 2D pose estimation, 2D-to-3D lifting, and 3D pose tracking as independent sub-problems that are error-prone when solved in isolation. Furthermore, unlike previous methods, TesseTrack is robust to changes in the number of camera views and achieves very good results even if a single view is available at inference time. Quantitative evaluation of 3D pose reconstruction accuracy on standard benchmarks shows significant improvements over the state of the art. Evaluation of multi-person articulated 3D pose tracking in our novel evaluation framework demonstrates the superiority of TesseTrack over strong baselines.
Thin-section transmission electron microscopy of human saliva (1989)

Thin sections (90-100 nm) of flash-frozen human saliva fractions and whole saliva were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Inside the major filamentous structural components numerous ultrastructural details were observed, especially for whole saliva and submandibular/sublingual fractions. An outer reticulated zone believed to contain the major salivary glycoproteins surrounded an inner core consisting of a continuous, more electron dense phase with multiple vacuoles and granules of different sizes, shapes, and electron densities. The observed structures suggest a complex microarchitectural model for whole saliva.
Finding a person with a wearable acceleration sensor using a 3D position tracking system in daily environments (2015)

Person identification with accurate position information is essential for providing location-based services in real environments, such as a shopping mall. For this purpose, we propose a method that integrates 3D position information from environmental depth sensors and acceleration data from wearable devices to anonymously gather the trajectories of people who have wearable devices as well as others. Our proposed method identifies a person who has a wearable device by comparing two time series of acceleration data from device and position information. To do this, we extracted the behaviours of each axis using the changes of each bit of acceleration data at certain time periods. We evaluated our method with data collected at a shopping mall and a children’s playroom to investigate its effectiveness and robustness in different environments. Our evaluation results showed that it achieved an average identification of 85%, which is better than several alternative methods.
ROLE OF TLR4 TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION IN SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND ENDOTOXIN TOLERANCE (89.2) (2007)

Abstract This study examined if tyrosine phosphorylation of TLR4 is required for signaling. Introduction of the P712H mutation into the TIR domain of constitutively-active mouse ΔTLR4 and mutation of the homologous P714 in human CD4-TLR4 rendered them signaling-incompetent and blocked TLR4 tyrosine phosphorylation. Y674A and Y680A mutations within the TIR domains of CD4-TLR4 impaired its ability to elicit phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, IκB-α degradation, and activation of NF-κB and RANTES reporters. Full-length human TLR4 expressing Y674A or Y680A mutations showed suppressed LPS-inducible cell activation that correlated with altered MyD88-TLR4 interactions, increased association with a short IRAK-1 isoform, and decreased levels of activated IRAK-1 in complex with TLR4. Pretreatment of HEK293/TLR4/MD-2 cells with protein tyrosine kinase or Src kinase inhibitors suppressed LPS-driven TLR4 tyrosine phosphorylation, p38 and NF-κB activation. Induction of endotoxin tolerance markedly suppressed LPS-mediated TLR4 tyrosine phosphorylation and recruitment of Lyn kinase to TLR4, but did not affect TLR4-MD-2 interactions. These data demonstrate that TLR4 tyrosine phosphorylation is important for signaling and is impaired in endotoxin tolerance, and suggest involvement of Lyn kinase in these processes. This study was supported by NIH grants AI-059524 (AEM), AI-057490 and AI-44936 (SNV).