gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photonic Software Defined Radio (2019)

Wireless links are the most popular form of communications with an ever-growing demand for speed. This has resulted in an overpopulated Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum with not enough bandwidth to meet demand. The two main tactics utilized by the wireless community to overcome this problem is to 1) put more data in a given bandwidth, i.e. higher spectral efficiency and 2) use the available bandwidth more efficiently by tuning the user’s channel (i.e. carrier frequency) to an unused part of spectrum. Higher spectral efficiency is achieved by using complex signals that carry information on both the in-phase (I) carrier and quadrature-phase (Q) carrier, known as Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), and increasing the number of levels on each carrier, known as the constellation size (4QAM, 16QAM etc.). However higher constellation sizes and higher bandwidth require higher fidelity RF signals. This project looked at a photonic-based high-fidelity RF amplitude and phase modulator which modulates the amplitude and phase of femtosecond laser pulses to generate relatively high-power complex microwave waveforms at carrier frequencies up to 70GHz. The goal of the feasibility study was to build a proof-of-concept system in a laboratory setting that demonstrates the photonic generation of QAM signals at electronically tunable RF carrier frequencies. Our lab prototype achieved a signal-to-noise-and-distortion (SINAD) ratio of 39dB over a 500MHz bandwidth. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the system was measured at 42dB over a 500MHz bandwidth which is on par with state-of-the-art. The main limitation to the SINAD was the inadequate pre-compensation of the electronic Digital-to-Analog Converter (eDAC) and amplifier frequency response as well as the noise of the measurement equipment. This was backed up by simulations which showed that with perfect pre compensation and using ideal measurement equipment, a noise limited SINAD of 47dB could be achieved. We also showed, through simulations, that multiple DACs could be “optically stacked” to achieve 54dB SINAD.
Weakness in 802.11w and an improved mechanism on protection of management frame (2011)

IEEE 802.11w, an amending standard for 802.1H, provides protection for management frames in WLAN. However, the frames are vulnerable to be eavesdropped, forged and distorted before the Four-Way Handshake complete. An improved mechanism named Temporary Safe Tunnel (TST) is proposed to solve the problem above. Since TST has been meticulously designed, it is low cost and improves the security of WLAN.
ChemInform Abstract: DIELS‐ALDER REACTION OF ALLYLACETYLENE AND ALLYLETHYNYLDIMETHYLCARBINOL WITH CYCLOPENTADIENE AND SOME TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE RESULTING ADDUCTS (1981)

Abstract Cyclopentadien (I) bildet mit Allylacetylen (II) bzw. Allylethinyl‐dimethylcarbinol (V) die Diels‐ Alder‐Addukte (III) und (IV) bzw. (VI) und (VII).
In-network adaptation of H.264/SVC for HD video streaming over 802.11g networks (2011)

In this paper, we present an approach for in-network adaptation of H.264/SVC in the context of 802.11 wireless networks. It builds upon our previous work on an adaptive RTSP/RTP proxy which allows to adapt video streams on Linux-based home router platforms. The proposed approach tackles the throughput variations that occur as a consequence of the physical rate adaptation in 802.11 equipment caused by the mobility of clients. By combining monitoring information available exclusively on the wireless router with the ability to adapt scalable video streams on-the-fly, the proposed in-network adaptation approach allows to quickly adjust the video bit rate to the current link conditions. Instead of reacting on packet loss, our approach uses an increase in queueing delay at the router to detect phases of throughput degradation. This allows a higher responsiveness compared to traditional end-to-end approaches that rely solely on RTCP feedback. The behavior of our novel approach was evaluated in several mobility scenarios in an experimental test bed. The results obtained by streaming and adapting high-definition content clearly demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of this approach.
Application Design Decisions (2022)

In Chapter 1, we outlined the most relevant changes introduced by the emergence of Kubernetes and gave you a head start for working with Kubernetes.
Avian and mammalian predators of terrestrial gastropods. (2004)

This chapter provides an introduction to the sparsely dispersed data on those species of birds (Aves) and mammals (Mammalia) that eat terrestrial gastropods, concentrating on why, how, when and where they do it, and whether they affect the population dynamics of their molluscan prey. Although there are important differences in details between predation by birds and predation by mammals (e.g. in how they detect and handle terrestrial gastropods), they share, amongst other things, high levels of metabolism and advanced capabilities of learning. This chapter contains a list of recorded predation by birds, their gastropod preys and the locations they were found in, factors for eating gastropods, defences, handling, effects on population dynamics and exploitation by man.
Radiographic features of a lateral extracapsular wire suture in the canine cranial cruciate deficient stifle (2001)

Radiographs of 74 dogs (84 stifles) presented with a cranial cruciate ligament rupture and surgically treated using a lateral extracapsular wire (LEW) were reviewed. A strand of orthopaedic wire was surgically placed caudally around the lateral fabella and through a predrilled hole in the tibial crest. At six week follow-up, the LEW was broken at least once in 26 of 33 stifles, predominantly in the area of the lateral fabella. In five stifles, the LEW had slipped off the fabella and was displaced distally along the gastrocnemius muscle. Six months after surgery, the LEW was often broken at several sites. LEW migration was rare. Osteolysis and sclerosis at the site of LEW penetration through the tibial crest occurred in about two-thirds of the stifles examined.
Engineering an improved light-induced dimer (iLID) for controlling the localization and activity of signaling proteins (2014)

The discovery of light-inducible protein-protein interactions has allowed for the spatial and temporal control of a variety of biological processes. To be effective, a photodimerizer should have several characteristics: it should show a large change in binding affinity upon light stimulation, it should not cross-react with other molecules in the cell, and it should be easily used in a variety of organisms to recruit proteins of interest to each other. To create a switch that meets these criteria we have embedded the bacterial SsrA peptide in the C-terminal helix of a naturally occurring photoswitch, the light-oxygen-voltage 2 (LOV2) domain from Avena sativa. In the dark the SsrA peptide is sterically blocked from binding its natural binding partner, SspB. When activated with blue light, the C-terminal helix of the LOV2 domain undocks from the protein, allowing the SsrA peptide to bind SspB. Without optimization, the switch exhibited a twofold change in binding affinity for SspB with light stimulation. Here, we describe the use of computational protein design, phage display, and high-throughput binding assays to create an improved light inducible dimer (iLID) that changes its affinity for SspB by over 50-fold with light stimulation. A crystal structure of iLID shows a critical interaction between the surface of the LOV2 domain and a phenylalanine engineered to more tightly pin the SsrA peptide against the LOV2 domain in the dark. We demonstrate the functional utility of the switch through light-mediated subcellular localization in mammalian cell culture and reversible control of small GTPase signaling.
Placebo-Controlled Trial of Cytisine for Smoking Cessation (2012)

West, Robert; Zatonski, Witold; Cedzynska, Magdalena; Lewandowska, Dorota; Pazik, Joanna; Aveyard, Paul; Stapleton, John Author Information
Interleukin 2 receptor traffic in a murine cytolytic T cell line (1987)

We have analyzed different parameters of the interleukin 2 receptor (IL2R) traffic in a murine IL2-dependent T cell line, B6.1. These cells express about 10(5) IL2R, of which approximately 10% are of high affinity (HAR). About 90% of all mature immunoprecipitable receptor molecules in the cell are on the cell surface. Measurements of the half life and of the rate of receptor synthesis indicate that these cells produce approximately 500 receptor molecules per cell and min. IL2 deprival for less than 6 h does not affect this rate. B6.1 cells internalize IL2 via their HAR only, with a maximal rate of about 500 molecules per cell and min. Among the receptors present at a given time on the cell surface, about 15% are internalized within 30 min. Receptor internalization is independent of IL2. The data obtained argue against rapid recycling of the HAR. The rate of receptor synthesis can be reconciled with the rate of IL2 internalization and the observation that internalization occurs only via HAR by assuming that cell surface low-affinity receptors can be transformed into HAR by associating with other molecules.
Nutrigenetic impact of daily folate intake on plasma homocysteine and folate levels in patients with different methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotypes (2010)

Elevated plasma homocysteine level is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Homozygosity for the C677T mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene is typically but inconsistently associated with hyperhomocysteinemia. We examined the impact of daily intake of folate, a co-factor in homocysteine metabolism, on plasma homocysteine and folate levels in CAD patients in relation with MTHFR genotypes. Daily folate intake was assessed from 3-day food records in 99 patients with CAD: 35 with the T/T (homozygous mutant) genotype and 64 with the C/C or C/T (non-T/T) genotypes. Patients with the T/T genotype had higher fasting plasma homocysteine levels (18.4±1.9 vs. 12.6±0.6μmol/l, P=0.01) and lower plasma folate levels (17.8±1.7 vs. 20.8±1.0nmol/l, P=0.02). There were no differences between the genotype groups in energy-adjusted folate intake. In patients with the non-T/T genotypes, higher folate intake was associated with higher plasma folate levels and lower plasma homocysteine levels. In T/T homozygotes this association was weaker. Linear regression analysis showed that folate intake, the MTHFR genotype, plasma vitamin B12 levels, and the interaction between plasma folate level and MTHFR genotype, predicted homocysteine elevation. (folate intake, P=0.04, MTHFR genotype, P=0.03, plasma folate, P=0.02, and plasma B12 level, P=0.004). The model explained only 29% of the variance in log-transformed plasma homocysteine levels. T/T homozygotes are more sensitive to the combination of low folate intake, low plasma folate and vitamin B12 level, than patients with non-T/T genotypes. The variability in plasma homocysteine in T/T homozygotes is only partly explained by these variables.
High risk HPV rate of detection and the genotyping study used remainder specimen of BD SurePath<sup>TM</sup> method (2017)

目的 : 子宮頸部擦過細胞診における HR-HPV 検出率と遺伝子型を検討し, 子宮頸癌検診における HR-HPV 検出および HR-HPV タイピング検査の意義を検証することを目的とした.
직장-가정간 갈등이 삶의 만족 및 직무 태도에 미치는 효과에 있어서의 성차: 우리나라 관리직 공무원들을 대상으로 (2003)

본 연구에서는 5급 이상의 남녀 관리직 공무원들을 대상으로 직장-가정간 갈등(WFC)이 삶의 만족 및 직무 태도에 미치는 영향을 성 역할 관점에서 고찰하였다. 조사 대상자들의 인구통계변인의 효과를 제거한 후 직장-가정 갈등(WIF) 및 가정-직장 갈등(FIW)이 삶의 만족 및 직무 태도(직무 만족 및 직무 관여)에 미치는 영향을 위계적 회귀분석으로 조사하였다. 결과에 의하면, 남녀 집단 모두 WIF가 FIW보다 더 높은 수준을 보였고, 여성 집단은 남성 집단보다 유의하게 더 높은 FIW 수준을 보였다. 그리고 WFC(WIF 및 FIW) 수준이 삶의 만족 및 직무 태도에 미치는 효과에 있어 성차가 나타났다. 구체적으로 남성집단에서는 WFC 수준에 따른 삶의 만족 및 직무 관여 수준에서 차이가 크게 나타나지 않았지만, 여성집단에서 WFC 수준에 따라 삶의 만족 및 직무 관여에 큰 차이가 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 우리 나라 직장 여성들의 직장-가정간 균형을 위한 방안들에 논의하였고, 그리고 연구의 제한점 및 추후 연구 방향에 대해 제안하였다.
Biomimetic Delivery of Keratinocyte Growth Factor upon Cellular Demand for Accelerated Wound Healing in Vitro and in Vivo (2005)

Exogenous keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) significantly enhances wound healing, but its use is hampered by a short biological half-life and lack of tissue selectivity. We used a biomimetic approach to achieve cell-controlled delivery of KGF by covalently attaching a fluorescent matrix-binding peptide that contained two domains: one recognized by factor XIII and the other by plasmin. Modified KGF was incorporated into the fibrin matrix at high concentration in a factor XIII-dependent manner. Cell-mediated activation of plasminogen to plasmin degraded the fibrin matrix and cleaved the peptides, releasing active KGF to the local microenvironment and enhancing epithelial cell proliferation and migration. To demonstrate in vivo effectiveness, we used a hybrid model of wound healing that involved transplanting human bioengineered skin onto athymic mice. At 6 weeks after grafting, the transplanted tissues underwent full thickness wounding and treatment with fibrin gels containing bound KGF. In contrast to topical KGF, fibrin-bound KGF persisted in the wounds for several days and was released gradually, resulting in significantly enhanced wound closure. A fibrinolytic inhibitor prevented this healing, indicating the requirement for cell-mediated fibrin degradation to release KGF. In conclusion, this biomimetic approach of localized, cell-controlled delivery of growth factors may accelerate healing of large full-thickness wounds and chronic wounds that are notoriously difficult to heal.
Two-Target Algorithms for Infinite-Armed Bandits with Bernoulli Rewards (2013)

We consider an infinite-armed bandit problem with Bernoulli rewards. The mean rewards are independent, uniformly distributed over [0; 1]. Rewards 0 and 1 are referred to as a success and a failure, respectively. We propose a novel algorithm where the decision to exploit any arm is based on two successive targets, namely, the total number of successes until the first failure and until the first m failures, respectively, where m is a fixed parameter. This two-target algorithm achieves a long-term average regret in 2√n for a large parameter m and a known time horizon n. This regret is optimal and strictly less than the regret achieved by the best known algorithms, which is in 2√n The results are extended to any mean-reward distribution whose support contains 1 and to unknown time horizons. Numerical experiments show the performance of the algorithm for finite time horizon.
Evidence for Microfossils in Ancient Rocks and Meteorites (1998)

The McKay et all. detection of chemical biomarkers and possible microfossils in an ancient meteorite from Mars (ALH84001) stimulated research in several areas of importance to the newly emerging field of Astrobiology. Their report resulted in a search for additional evidence of microfossils in ancient terrestrial rocks and meteorites. These studies of ancient rocks and meteorites were conducted independently (and later collaboratively) in the United States and Russia using the SEM, Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). We have encountered in-situ in freshly broken carbonaceous chondrites a large number of complex microstructures that appear to be lithified microbial forms. The meteoritic microstructures have characteristics similar to the lithified remains of filamentous cyanobacteria and bacterial microfossils we have found in ancient phosphorites, ancient graphites and oil shales. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Link microprobe analysis shows the possible microfossils have a distribution of chemical elements characteristic of the meteorite rock matrix, although many exhibit a superimposed carbon enhancement. We have concluded that the mineralized bodies encountered embedded in the rock matrix of freshly fractured meteoritic surfaces can not be dismissed as recent surface contaminants. Many of the forms found in-situ in the Murchison, Efremovka, and Orgueil carbonaceous meteorites are strikingly similar to microfossils of coccoid bacteria, cyanobacteria and fungi such as we have found in the Cambrian phosphorites of Khubsugul, Mongolia and high carbon Phanerozoic and Precambrian rocks of the Siberian and Russian Platforms.
Objectively Measured Hyperactivity—II. Caffeine and Amphetamine Effects (1985)

Errors of commission and omission, chair movements, and reaction times were assessed in fifteen previously diagnosed hyperactive children on a Continuous Performance Test after four drug regimens: amphetamine at doses of 1.6 and 5.0 mg twice a day, as well as 300 mg caffeine administered alone and with 1.6 mg amphetamine twice a day, produced significant reductions in errors of commission and increased reaction times in those children scoring 24 or more on the Conner's Abbreviated Parent Questionnaire. In addition, subjective symptoms on this questionnaire were significantly reduced by all drug treatments. The high (600 mg) daily dose of caffeine was observed to significantly control hyperactive symptoms, however, it also produced a number of side effects as well.
Microwave MTM-based sensor for blood glucose concentration measurement: Sensitivity analysis by means of numerical simulations (2017)

In this work two different models of dielectric properties of blood glucose solutions are used to evaluate metamaterial sensor sensitivity by means of numerical simulations. Model A is adopted from professional literature and the model B was created by our group using information about dielectric properties of blood plasma-glucose solutions, recently published dielectric properties of red blood cell cytoplasm-glucose solutions and an electromagnetic mixing formula. It can be concluded that the sensor shows smaller sensitivity for the model B than for the model A. Furthermore it shows due to non-linear dependency of dielectric properties on glucose concentration predicted by model B a lower sensitivity for high glucose concentrations.
Integration of organic LEDs and amorphous Si TFTs onto flexible and lightweight metal foil substrates (1997)

We report the integration of organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) and amorphous Si (a-Si) thin-film transistors (TFTs) on both glass, and unbreakable and lightweight thin stainless steel foil substrates. The doped-polymer OLEDs were built following fabrication of driver TFTs in a stacked structure. Due to the opacity of the steel substrate, top-emitting OLED structures were developed. It is shown that the a-Si TFTs provide adequate current levels to drive the OLEDs at video brightness (/spl sim/100 cd/m/sup 2/). This work demonstrates that lightweight and rugged TFT backplanes with integrated OLEDs are essential elements for robust and highly portable active-matrix emissive flat-panel displays.
The performance of low-density random linear fountain codes over higher order galois fields under maximum likelihood decoding (2011)

Digital fountain codes over higher order Galois fields exhibit a better performance than their binary counter- parts under maximum likelyhood (ML) decoding when transmitted over a symbol erasure channel (SEC). Especially random linear fountain (RLF) codes exhibit an excellent performance, though at the expense of a high computational complexity for decoding due to their high density generator matrix. For practical applications, we propose RLF codes with a reduced density over higher order Galois fields. Although the reduction of the density results in an error floor at higher reception overheads, the level of this error floor can be well controlled by two parameters. For error floor levels that are tolerable in practical applications, a significant density reduction and thus a reduction of the computational complexity can be achieved. Furthermore, we derive a general upper bound on the symbol erasure rate for Luby Transform (LT) codes over Galois fields Fq of order q. Finally, we propose a method to enhance decoding of Fq-codes in the presence of bit erasures by using the binary images of the Fq-elements, such that not complete Fq-elements have to be discarded if their binary counterparts are impaired by bit erasures.
Wavelength‐dependent determination of the recombination rate coefficients in single‐quantum‐well GaInN/GaN light emitting diodes (2012)

Abstract The recombination rate coefficients (RRCs) A , B , and C in MOVPE‐grown single‐quantum‐well light emitting diodes spanning the entire blue‐green spectral range are determined by fitting efficiency curves and differential carrier lifetimes. The results show definite trends for each of the RRCs: A tendentially decreases with increasing wavelength, B definitely decreases, and C remains approximately constant. Therefore, the increase of the droop with increasing wavelength (the green gap problem) is rather due to the decrease of B than an increase of C . The determined values of C are shown to be similar to what has been predicted by others with first‐principles computer simulations accounting for phonon‐assisted Auger recombination. Samples grown on sapphire and silicon substrates are compared and show significant differences only for the RRC A , presumably due to the difference in threading dislocation density.
Memory allocation in information storage networks (2003)

Memory allocation problem in information storage networks is studied in this paper. The memory allocation problem is a sub-problem of a file storage scheme, which bounds file-retrieving delays in a heterogeneous information network, under both fault-free and faulty circumstances. This paper also presents an algorithm of complexity O(q|V|/sup 3/) which finds an optimal memory allocation for a tree network G=(V,E), where |V| is the number of vertices and q is the average cardinality of a requirement set.
Evidence for an O‐glycan sialylation system in brain (1989)

We present evidence for the existence in rat brain of several sialyltransferases able to sialylate sequentially asialofetuin. [14C]Sialylated glycans of asialofetuin were analyzed by gel filtration. Three types of [14C]sialylated glycans were synthesized: N-glycans and monosialylated and disialylated O-glycans. The varying effects of N-ethylmaleimide, lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPtdCho) and trypsin, were helpful in the identification of these different sialyltransferases. One of them, selectively inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide, was identified as the Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3GalNAc-R:alpha 2----6 sialyltransferase previously described [Baubichon-Cortay, H., Serres-Guillaumond, M., Louisot, P. and Broquet, P. (1986) Carbohydr. Res. 149, 209-223]. This enzyme was responsible for the synthesis of disialylated O-glycans. LysoPtdCho and trypsin selectively inhibited the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of monosialylated O-glycan. N-ethylmaleimide, lysoPtdCho and trypsin did not inhibit Neu5Ac transfer onto N-glycans, giving evidence for three different molecular species. To identify the enzyme responsible for monosialylated O-glycan synthesis, we used another substrate: Gal beta 1----3GalNAc--protein obtained after galactosylation of desialylated ovine mucin by a GalNAc-R:beta 1----3 galactosyltransferase from porcine submaxillary gland. This acceptor was devoid of N-glycans and of NeuAc in alpha 2----3 linkages on the galactose residue. When using N-ethylmaleimide we obtained the synthesis of only one product, a monosialylated structure. After structural analysis by HPLC on SAX and SiNH2 columns, we identified this product as Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3GalNAc. The enzyme leading to synthesis of this monosialylated O-glycan was identified as a Gal beta 1----3GalNAc-R:alpha 2----3 sialyltransferase. When using lysoPtdCho and trypsin, sialylation was completely abolished, although the Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3GalNAc-R:alpha 2----6 sialyltransferase was not inhibited. We provided thus evidence for the interpendence between the two enzymes, the alpha 2----3 sialyltransferase regulates the alpha 2----6 sialyltransferase activity since it synthesizes the alpha 2----6 sialyltransferase substrate.