gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Faculty Opinions recommendation of DNA-PKcs and Artemis function in the end-joining phase of immunoglobulin heavy chain class switch recombination. (2008)

The DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and Artemis are classical nonhomologous DNA end-joining (C-NHEJ) factors required for joining a subset of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), particularly those requiring end processing. In mature B cells, activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates class switch recombination (CSR) by introducing lesions into S regions upstream of two recombining C(H) exons, which are processed into DSBs and rejoined by C-NHEJ to complete CSR. The function of DNA-PKcs in CSR has been controversial with some reports but not others showing that DNA-PKcs-deficient mice are significantly impaired for CSR. Artemis-deficient B cells reportedly undergo CSR at normal levels. Overall, it is still not known whether there are any CSR-associated DSBs that require DNA-PKcs and/or Artemis to be joined. Here, we have used an immunoglobulin (Ig)H locus-specific fluorescent in situ hybridization assay to unequivocally demonstrate that both DNA-PKcs and, unexpectedly, Artemis are necessary for joining a subset of AID-dependent DSBs. In the absence of either factor, B cells activated for CSR frequently generate AID-dependent IgH locus chromosomal breaks and translocations. We also find that under specific activation conditions, DNA-PKcs(-/-) B cells with chromosomal breaks are eliminated or at least prevented from progressing to metaphase via a p53-dependent response. PMID: 18316419 Funding information This work was supported by: NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: AI31541 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: CA92625 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, United States NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P01 AI031541 NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: AI35714 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: T32 CA009382 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P01 CA092625 NCI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: T32 CA09382 NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: U19 AI031541 NIAID NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: P01 AI035714 More Less keyboard_arrow_down
Using query patterns to learn the duration of events (2011)

We present the first approach to learning the durations of events without annotated training data, employing web query patterns to infer duration distributions. For example, we learn that “war” lasts years or decades, while “look ” lasts seconds or minutes. Learning aspectual information is an important goal for computational semantics and duration information may help enable rich document understanding. We first describe and improve a supervised baseline that relies on event duration annotations. We then show how web queries for linguistic patterns can help learn the duration of events without labeled data, producing fine-grained duration judgments that surpass the supervised system. We evaluate on the TimeBank duration corpus, and also investigate how an event’s participants (arguments) effect its duration using a corpus collected through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. We make available a new database of events and their duration distributions for use in research involving the temporal and aspectual properties of events. 1
Rapid detection of ermB gene in Clostridium difficile by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (2015)

Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance in Clostridium difficile is mostly due to the ermB resistance determinant. Here, we describe a sensitive and rapid molecular method to detect ermB in C. difficile to contribute to the wider epidemiological study. Five sets of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) primers were designed and optimized for rapid detection of ermB. The specificity and sensitivity of the primers for ermB were detected, and the ermB LAMP assay was compared to conventional PCR with 80 clinical isolates of C. difficile. Real-time monitoring of turbidity and chromogenic reaction were used to determine negative and positive results. A total of 26 pathogenic bacterial strains of different species were found to be negative for ermB, which indicated the high specificity of the primers. ermB was detected in 78.8 % (63/80) of the clinical isolates by both LAMP and conventional PCR. The detection limit of LAMP was 36.1 pg DNA μl- 1 and its sensitivity was 10-fold greater than that of conventional PCR. This study is the first report regarding the development and application of the LAMP assay for detection of the ermB gene in C. difficile strains. The developed LAMP method is sensitive, specific and provides a user-friendly visual approach for the rapid detection of ermB-bearing C. difficile.
The anthropomorphic biped robot BIP2000 (2002)

This paper describes the progress of the BIP2000 project. This project is aimed at the realization of the lower part of an anthropomorphic biped robot. The robot consists of two legs, two feet, a pelvis and a trunk. It has 15 active joints. The mass distribution, the kinematics and the capacities of the robot in terms of joint torques are close to the ones of humans. The transmissions are specific screw/nut-based systems which have good dynamic performances and small size. They are arranged in parallel at the ankles and at the trunk/pelvis linkage. The control schemes are either based on a control of the center of mass associated with suitable task functions, or take dynamically into account the unilateral constraints foot/ground. The robot has been built and tested, the computer control architecture has been realized and connected with the robot, and the basic control schemes have been implemented.
Renoprotective Effect of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Esaxerenone (2021)

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, including the newly introduced esaxerenone, on renal function remain uncertain. <b><i>Methods and Results:</i></b> This retrospective study was performed on patients who received esaxerenone for resistant hypertension between November 2019 and June 2020. Trends in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were compared between the 6-month period before esaxerenone treatment (pre-treatment period) and the 6-month treatment period on esaxerenone. Twenty-six patients (15 men), with a median age of 70 years (interquartile range [IQR] 51-73 years) and a median systolic blood pressure of 146 mmHg (IQR 139-156 mmHg), were included in the study and completed 6 months of esaxerenone therapy without any adverse events. eGFR decreased significantly during the pre-treatment period (from 66.6 to 59.5 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>; P=0.003), whereas eGFR was unchanged during the treatment period (from 59.5 to 61.8 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>; P=0.15). The median change in eGFR differed significantly between the treatment and pre-treatment periods (3.8 [IQR -4.2, 6.8] vs. -6.1 [IQR -11.1, 1.8] mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>, respectively; P=0.008). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Esaxerenone may have renoprotective effects when administered to treat hypertension. Further studies are needed to understand which patient populations may see greater renoprotective benefits with esaxerenone.
Iodine-131 Tositumomab For Patients With Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (SLL): Overall Clinical Trial Experience (2000)

Tositumomab and iodine -131 tositumomab (Bexxar) is a new radioimmunotherapy in development for the treatment of low-grade or transformed, low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL).
Input Impedance of Antennas in High Frequency Cavities (2000)

No abstract prepared.
An update on informed consent and the effect on the clinical practice of those working with people with a learning disability (2018)

In people with learning disability who have capacity under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 health professionals need to ensure that, when they are giving consent to treatment with medication, the consent is truly ‘informed’. The judgment of Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board [2015] and the Accessible Information Standard (NHS England 2016) seek to clarify this position which affects learning disability nurses as well as other healthcare professionals. This article examines how the law affects the way information is provided to service users. For people without capacity ‘Best Interests’ will continue to be applied.
Hydrogen Peroxide and Platelet Function (1974)

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide, at concentrations in the micromolar range, can influence platelet function. Although H2O2 causes no detectable platelet aggregation at these concentrations, it can aggregate platelets which have been previously exposed to any of several aggregating agents. H2O2 can enhance bath aggregation and the subsequent disaggregation of platelets, as initiated by ADP. Preexposure of platelets to H2O2 blunts the subsequent response to ADP. Washed platelets are susceptible to H2O2. Catalase-treated H2O2 has no effect on platelet function. H2O2 does not appear to act by altering either the aggregating agent or plasma thrombin generation. These data suggest that minute amounts of H2O2, which could theoretically be generated in vivo at sites of platelet plug formation, could play a regulatory role in the dynamics of growth and/or dissipation of the hemostatic plug. The blood granulocyte could participate in hemostasis and thrombosis via H2O2 generation.
Comparison of Stiffness and Strength Properties of Untreated and Heat-Treated Wood of Douglas Fir and Alder (2015)

This paper investigates the effect of heat treatment temperature on the stiffness and strength properties of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Franco) and common alder (Alnus glutinosa Gaertn.) woods. Two temperatures of heat treatment were used: 165 and 210 C. The effects of dynamic elasticity modulus, static elasticity modulus, impact toughness, bending strength, and density were evaluated. It is already understood that the mechanical properties, primarily the bending strength, decreases with increasing temperature. In contrast to the favorable stability in shape and dimension that was achieved, the changes in the woods' properties with temperature were mostly negative. Higher heat treatment temperatures corresponded with lower stiffness and strength properties. For higher temperature treatments, above 200 C, deterioration of the tested properties was noticable as a result of the significant changes in the wood chemical structure. Even the positive effect of the equilibrium moisture decrease was not able to counterbalance the unfavorable changes. Moreover, it was observed that as the hemicellulose content is higher in alder wood, density, static bending strength, and toughness all decreased steadily at high temperatures, compared to Douglas fir wood.
A multi-source inverse-geometry CT system: initial results with an 8 spot x-ray source array (2014)

We present initial experimental results of a rotating-gantry multi-source inverse-geometry CT (MS-IGCT) system. The MS-IGCT system was built with a single module of 2 × 4 x-ray sources and a 2D detector array. It produced a 75 mm in-plane field-of-view (FOV) with 160 mm axial coverage in a single gantry rotation. To evaluate system performance, a 2.5 inch diameter uniform PMMA cylinder phantom, a 200 µm diameter tungsten wire, and a euthanized rat were scanned. Each scan acquired 125 views per source and the gantry rotation time was 1 s per revolution. Geometric calibration was performed using a bead phantom. The scanning parameters were 80 kVp, 125 mA, and 5.4 µs pulse per source location per view. A data normalization technique was applied to the acquired projection data, and beam hardening and spectral nonlinearities of each detector channel were corrected. For image reconstruction, the projection data of each source row were rebinned into a full cone beam data set, and the FDK algorithm was used. The reconstructed volumes from upper and lower source rows shared an overlap volume which was combined in image space. The images of the uniform PMMA cylinder phantom showed good uniformity and no apparent artifacts. The measured in-plane MTF showed 13 lp cm(-1) at 10% cutoff, in good agreement with expectations. The rat data were also reconstructed reliably. The initial experimental results from this rotating-gantry MS-IGCT system demonstrated its ability to image a complex anatomical object without any significant image artifacts and to achieve high image resolution and large axial coverage in a single gantry rotation.
Clinical and preclinical activity of SL-401, a targeted therapy directed to the interleukin-3 receptor on cancer stem cells and tumor bulk of hematologic malignancies, against blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN). (2013)

TPS3105^ Background: Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN), a rare and aggressive dendritic cell-derived hematologic malignancy that typically involves the skin and invariably progresses to a leukemic phase, has a dismal prognosis with a median survival of approximately 14 months. Since BPDCN cells express high levels of the interleukin-3 receptor (IL-3R), SL-401, a novel targeted therapy directed to IL-3R, is being developed to treat BPDCN and other IL-3R-expressing hematologic malignancies. SL-401 is a recombinant biologic comprised of IL-3 conjugated to a truncated diphtheria toxin, a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis (Frankel et al, Prot Eng 13, 575, 2000). SL-401 is cytotoxic in vitro to IL-3R-expressing leukemia blasts (Frankel et al, Leukemia 14, 576, 2000) and inhibits tumor growth in vivo (Black et al, Leukemia 17, 155, 2003). Recently, SL-401 demonstrated ultra-high anti-tumor potency against BPDCN cells in the femtomolar (10 -15 M) range (Angelot-Delettre et al, Blood 118 Suppl 2588, 2011). Methods: In a Phase I/II trial of SL-401 in patients with IL-3R-expressing advanced hematologic malignancies, 4 patients with heavily pretreated BPDCN received a single cycle of SL-401 as a 15-minute infusion daily for 5 days. Results: All patients had CD4+/CD56+/CD123+ (IL-3Ralpha) expressing blasts and had failed previous combination chemotherapy regimens and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. There were no serious adverse events. Three patients treated with SL-401 at 12.5 μg/kg/day (the planned pivotal Phase IIb trial dose) experienced complete responses (CRs). The CRs included disappearance of BPDCN in the skin, bone marrow, peripheral blood, spleen and lymph nodes. CR durations are 5, 3+, and 1+ months to date. Conclusions: Given these robust clinical responses, as well as the mechanistic rationale for SL-401 in BPDCN, additional BPDCN patients are being evaluated in the study and a pivotal Phase IIb multi-cycle trial in this ultra-orphan indication is being planned. Clinical trial information: NCT00397579.
A P0 DrivenIterative Solution ofMFIE forLargeScatterers (2005)

Despite enormousexpansion of Numerical techniques inelectromagnetics, analysis oflarge scatterers still is a challenging task. MoM isnotsufficiently efficient athigh frequencies, PO andGTD basedtechniques giveacceptable results onlyforcertain classofproblems, whilehybrid techniques still evolve. Inthis paper wepresent anewmethodfor analysis oflarge scatterers, based oniterative solution ofMFIE. Simple concept andlowmemoryrequirements ofthemethod are followed byreasonable accuracy ofresults.
Competitive solutions for online financial problems (1998)

This article surveys results concerning online algorihtms for solving problems related to the management of money and other assets. In particular, the survey focucus us search, replacement, and portfolio selection problems
4.3.3 Simulation‐Emulation‐Stimulation A Complete System Engineering Process (1998)

ABSTRACT The complexity of modern hardware/software systems, the reduction in defense funding levels, and the desire of DoD (US Department of Defense) to reduce the acquisition cycle using Simulation Based Acquisition have significantly impacted the manner in which new weapon systems are concepted, designed, integrated, tested, produced, and supported throughout their life cycles. The traditional approaches for engineering systems are no longer adequate for rapid developments and must be modernized in an integrated methodology to take advantage of the significant advancements in computer technologies. Many efforts using computer technology up to this point in time have been fragmented and lacked a systematic approach to make full use of the technologies. By taking advantage of the advances in microprocessors and software to create a System Integration Environment (SIE), a Simulation ‐ Emulation ‐ Stimulation (SES) Process can be developed that handles all aspects of the life cycle including system analysis, design, documentation, test and evaluation (T&amp;E), integration and training. This paper reports on some of the advances that have been made thus far in developing such a System Integrated Environment for use in Army and Navy Combat System Developments.
Preparation of Ag/Cu-doped titanium(IV) oxide nanoparticles in w/o microemulsion (2010)

The Cu-TiO2 and Ag/Cu-TiO2 nanoparticles have been prepared using a water-in-oil microemulsion system of water/AOT/cyclohexane. The photocatalytic activity of the catalysts was estimated by measuring the decomposition rate of phenol in 0.21 mM aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The bioactivity of Ag/Cu-doped titanium (IV) oxide nanocomposites was estimated using bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and pathogenic fungi belonging to Candida family. The photocatalysts’ characteristics by X-ray diffraction, BET surface area measurements, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed that a sample with the highest photo- and bioactivity had anatase structure, about 190 m 2 /g specific surface area, absorbed light for λ>400 nm and contained 1.45 mass % of silver, 1.40 mass % of copper and 59.4 mass % of Ti.
Rigid registration of 3-D ultrasound with MR images: a new approach combining intensity and gradient information (2001)

We present a new image-based technique to rigidly register intraoperative three-dimensional ultrasound (US) with preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) images. Automatic registration is achieved by maximization of a similarity measure which generalizes the correlation ratio, and whose novelty is to incorporate multivariate information from the MR data (intensity and gradient). In addition, the similarity measure is built upon a robust intensity-based distance measure, which makes it possible to handle a variety of US artifacts. A cross-validation study has been carried out using a number of phantom and clinical data. This indicates that the method is quite robust and that the worst registration errors are of the order of the MR image resolution.
Multi-baseline SAR interferometry for terrain slope adaptivity (2002)

Conventional SAR interferometers derive the surface height from an estimate of the phase difference between the SAR processed echoes received by two displaced phase centers. An auto-adaptive maximum likelihood algorithm is proposed to process the SAR data from an array of phase centers. The accuracy of the new technique is characterized analytically and is shown to outperform the conventional one. We show that this approach to SAR interferometry provides adaptivity to look angle and terrain slope and reduced phase ambiguity. Moreover, it results in better performance than dual-antenna systems as the terrain slope approaches the look angle, thus reducing the range of blind angles.
ANTI-HLA ANTIBODIES AFTER SOLID ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION1 (2000)

We have cited more than 23 studies showing that de novo development of anti-HLA antibodies is associated with increased acute and chronic rejection and decreased graft survival in kidney, heart, lung, liver, and corneal transplants. Antibodies to both HLA class I and class II antigens seem to be detrimental. Antibodies of the IgG isotype and possibly the IgM isotype were clinically relevant. Most studies showed that donor-specific antibodies were associated with rejection and graft loss. Therefore, HLA antibodies provide a clinical readout for patient alloreactivity that may have the ability to distinguish graft dysfunction due to immunologic and nonimmunologic causes. Antibody may act as a critical trigger for rejection of allografts and may serve as an early indicator of a slowly smoldering chronic rejection that is not manifested at a given time by biochemical measures such as serum creatinine levels. The effectiveness of various drugs on chronic rejection should be evaluable by their effects on HLA antibody production. We predict that recently developed ELISA and flow cytometry techniques using purified HLA antigen will increase the clinical relevance of posttransplantation HLA antibody monitoring by (1) allowing the detection of low levels of donor antibody; (2) easily distinguishing the isotype and target (HLA class I or class II) of the antibodies; and (3) correlating the antibody with specific graft pathology.
Two-tier model of semantic memory for text comprehension (1992)

How can the background knowledge associated with our everyday concepts be represented in a machine and how can we obtain and encode such information? This thesis presents a new architecture for semantic memory that provides a framework for addressing the background-knowledge problem and discusses the implications of this architecture for a model of text comprehension.
Semantic memory consists of two tiers: a relational tier that represents the underlying structure of our cognitive world expressed as a set of dependency relationships between concepts, and an analog semantic feature (ASF) tier that represents the common or shared knowledge about the concepts in the relational tier, expressed as a set of statistical associations. I present an information theoretic approach to automatically acquiring and encoding this knowledge from on-line text corpora. In this approach the background knowledge common to a community is encoded using a finite vocabulary of ASFs. The ASFs used are based on the category structure of a thesaurus.
The two levels of semantic memory support two complementary views of comprehension. One view, the fine-grain view, captures the many details of interaction between context and world knowledge as time-trajectories through concept space. This view permits a deeper understanding of a text. A second view, the coarse-grain view, captures in the form of a weighted semantic graph called an interpretation graph, a set of explicit semantic relationships that can be used to reason about the understanding of a text, which includes the ability to summarize the text and extract what is important. This view corresponds to a shallow understanding of the text. Several computational techniques are presented for comparing at two levels--the relational and the ASF--the underlying similarity of two passages. The techniques developed are embodied in two computer programs--LeMICON, a structured connectionist implementation, and SSS, a symbolic implementation--designed to explore the system's comprehension of 16 short texts from the stock market domain.
The thesis describes an architecture and a mode of processing in which memory is dynamic, exhibits hysteresis effects, and emphasizes what is new about the effect of a given input on the knowledge represented there.
A Passive UHF Transponder with Readout Circuits for External Mechanical Switches (2011)

We present a passive sensor transponder with readout circuitry to evaluate the state of external passive switches. The tag operates at 868MHz and complies with the ISO standard 18000-6C (EPC Class 1 Gen 2). The transponder contains four additional bond pads. The external switches can be connected between these pads and the ground pad. The tag then determines if the resistance between the two terminals is high or low. This way, the tag is able to detect the binary state of up to four external devices and the reader receives additional information about the environment, such as whether a door is open or closed.