gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on Genome Relationships in Hordeum parodii, Hordeum jubatum, Elymus trachycaulus and Elymus canadensis. (1991)

Three hybrids involving Elymus canadensis (2n=4x=28) with Hordeum parodii (2n=6x=42), Hordeum jubatum (2n=4x=28) and Elymus trachycaulus (2n=4x=28) were obtained at relative frequencies of 3.8%, 1.5% and 1.4%, respectively of pollinated florets with the aid of embryo rescue.The mean chromosome associations in the two tetraploid hybrids involving E. canadensis, E. trachycaulus and H. jubatum were 0.10I+ 13.90II(Xma=26.57) and 15.11I+5.15II+0.81III+ 0.04IV (Xma=8.85) respectively and in the pentaploid hybrid involving E. canadensis and H. parodii the mean chromosome associations were 26.87I+3.75II+0.21III (Xma=4.77). These data suggested that E. canadensis shares two common genomes (S, H) with E. trachycaulus, one common genome (H) with H. jubatum and no common genome with H. parodii.
Microstrip elliptic function filters with compact miniaturized hairpin resonators (2003)

A few-pole microstrip elliptic function bandpass filter is designed using compact miniaturized microstrip hairpin resonators. It is shown that the filter has a very small size. The full-wave simulator IE3D is used to design the hairpin resonator, and to calculate the coupling coefficients of the three basic coupling structures. Experimental measurements are performed and the results are compared with the computed response.
Proton translocation by cytochrome oxidase in (antimycin + myxothiazol)-treated rat liver mitochondria using ferrocyanide or hexammineruthenium as electron donor (1986)

When O2 was injected into an anaerobic suspension of valinomycin-treated rat liver mitochondria inhibited with rotenone, antimycin, and myxothiazol, a small amount of O2 (0.23-0.33 ng-atom of O/mg of protein) was reduced extremely rapidly (within the 2 s time-resolution of the oxygen electrode). The subsequent steady-state rate of flow of electrons to oxygen was very low [less than 3 nequiv. X s-1 X (g of mitochondrial protein)-1]. In the presence of valinomycin there was a rapid ejection of protons synchronous with the rapid phase of O2 consumption corresponding to 0.38-0.61 nequiv. of H+ X (mg of mitochondrial protein)-1. When valinomycin was replaced by carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP) there was a rapid alkalification of the medium corresponding to 0.20-0.42 nequiv. of H+ X (mg of mitochondrial protein)-1. When 2 mM-Fe(CN)6(4-) was present to re-reduce endogenous cytochrome c, O2 consumption was still biphasic but the second phase of O2 consumption was very much more rapid [600 nequiv. X s-1 X (g of protein)-1], and resulted in the virtually complete consumption of the O2 in the pulse within 4 s. With 60 microM-Ru(NH3)6(2+) as reductant, O2 consumption was even faster [1200 nequiv. X s-1 X (g of protein)-1]. In a medium containing 150 mM-choline chloride with Ru(NH3)6(2+) as reductant, the proton per reducing equivalent stoichiometry (delta H+O/e-) was +0.95 in the presence of valinomycin and -0.94 in the presence of FCCP. In choline chloride medium containing Ru(NH3)6(2+) and valinomycin, there was an uptake of K+ ions corresponding to 1.86 K+/e-. It is concluded that nearly 1 proton is translocated outwards through cytochrome oxidase per oxidizing equivalent injected in this medium. In low ionic strength sucrose-based medium, with Ru(NH3)6(2+) as reductant, delta H+O/e- was 1.05 in the presence of valinomycin, and -0.71 in the presence of FCCP. It is concluded that the translocation of protons is accompanied by net acid production in this medium.
Axis shielding in cylindrical nuclear-reactor-pumped lasers (1988)

A numerical study of the motion of the gaseous medium in nuclear-reactor-pumped lasers with cylindrical geometry has revealed the existence of an axis-shielding phenomenon—the spatial nonuniformity of the fission-fragment energy deposition forces the gas to redistribute itself in a way that causes the on-axis power density to vanish. The nondimensional parameters that govern the energy deposition and the gas motion are derived, and the region of parameter space in which axis shielding occurs is determined.
Keynote talks: Performance assessment of synchrophasor-based linear state estimators (2018)

This keynote aims to assess the performance of linear state estimation (SE) processes of power systems relying on synchrophasor measurements. The performance assessment is conducted with respect to two different families of SE algorithms, i.e., static ones represented by weighted least squares (WLS) and recursive ones represented by Kalman filter (KF). To this end, the keynote firstly recalls the analytical formulation of linear WLS state estimator (LWLS-SE) and Discrete KF state estimator (DKF-SE). Then, it discusses the formal quantification of the differences in the performance of the two algorithms. The validation of this result, together with the comprehensive performance evaluation of the considered state estimators, is carried out using two case studies, representing distribution (IEEE 123-bus test feeder) and transmission (IEEE 39-bus test system) networks. Finally, it is also discussed the correctness of the most common process model adopted in DKF-SE of power systems.
COIN: Communication-Aware In-Memory Acceleration for Graph Convolutional Networks (2022)

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have shown remarkable learning capabilities when processing graph-structured data found inherently in many application areas. GCNs distribute the outputs of neural networks embedded in each vertex over multiple iterations to take advantage of the relations captured by the underlying graphs. Consequently, they incur a significant amount of computation and irregular communication overheads, which call for GCN-specific hardware accelerators. To this end, this paper presents a communication-aware in-memory computing architecture (COIN) for GCN hardware acceleration. Besides accelerating the computation using custom compute elements (CE) and in-memory computing, COIN aims at minimizing the intra- and inter-CE communication in GCN operations to optimize the performance and energy efficiency. Experimental evaluations with widely used datasets show up to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$105\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> improvement in energy consumption compared to state-of-the-art GCN accelerator.
Addition of Endothelin A-Receptor Blockade Spoils the Beneficial Effect of Combined Renin-Angiotensin and Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition: Studies on the Course of Chronic Kidney Disease in 5/6 Nephrectomized Ren-2 Transgenic Hypertensive Rats (2019)

These data indicate that pharmacological strategies that combine the blockade of RAS and sEH could be a novel tool to combat the progression of CKD. Any attempts to further extend this therapeutic regimen should be made with extreme caution.
The Suitability of Expanded Shale as an Amendment for Clay Soils (2002)

Excessive soil moisture in clay soils can cause poor aeration and adversely affect plant growth. Small [1 to 3 mm (0.039 to 0.118 inches)] and large [3 to 6 mm (0.118 to 0.354 inches)] diameter expanded shales (ExSh), quartz sand, sphagnum peatmoss (SPM), and cottonseed hulls (CH) were evaluated as soil amendments for Austin silty clay soil. A 3-inch (7.6-cm) layer of each amendment was incorporated to a depth of 6 inches (15.2 cm), resulting in a 1:1 mixture by volume. Pansies ( Viola × wittrockiana `Crown Azure Blue') were grown from December to June, followed by scaevola ( Scaevola aemula `New Wonder') from June to November for two growing seasons. Foliage quality and extent of flowering were evaluated biweekly. Pansy root weights and above-ground biomass were quantified at the end of each growing season. None of the amendments significantly affected pansy foliage quality or the number of blooms per plant. Small diameter ExSh and SPM decreased pansy nitrogen content the first year after application, but not the second. During the first growing season, when soils were frequently saturated due to excessive rainfall, pansy root weights were significantly higher in soils amended with the small and large diameter ExSh. Large diameter ExSh treatments significantly increased the survival rate of transplanted scaevola plants and also the quality of foliage and percent blossom coverage during both growing seasons. Cottonseed hulls also increased scaevola survival for both growing seasons, but did not consistently improve scaevola foliage quality or bloom coverage. Of the five amendments tested, large diameter ExSh consistently improved overall plant performance more than the other amendments.
New Enzyme-Activated Solubility-Switchable Contrast Agent for Magnetic Resonance Imaging: From Synthesis to in Vivo Imaging (2009)

We designed and synthesized a novel contrast agent (CA) to image the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in a tumor, noninvasively using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We exploited the concept of solubility-switchable CAs in the design of a protease-modulated CA (PCA), referred to as PCA2-switch. This PCA contains a paramagnetic gadolinium chelate (Gd-DOTA), which was attached to the N-terminus of a MMP-2 cleavable peptide sequence via a hydrophobic chain. The aqueous solubility of the CA depends on the presence of a polyethylene glycol chain (PEG) on the C-terminus of the peptide. Upon proteolytic cleavage of the peptide by MMP-2, the PEG chain is detached from the CA, which becomes less water soluble. This compound and control compounds were successfully tested in an animal model bearing two tumors with different levels of MMP-2 activity.
5-Hydroxytryptamine-2A receptor gene (HTR2A) candidate polymorphism(T102C): Role for human platelet function under pharmacologicalchallenge ex vivo (2005)

Although the environmental and life-style factors influencing individual predisposition to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have been well documented, little is known on the identity of genetic loci that may contribute to risk for AMI. Recently, genetic studies in patients with nonfatal AMI have suggested an association with the T 102 C polymorphism in the serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptor gene (HTR 2 A). Considering the significant role of the 5-HT(2A) receptor in serotonin-induced platelet responses and the contribution of platelet (patho)physiology to thromboembolic events, we postulated that the increased susceptibility to AMI in patients with the T 102 homozygosity may be attributable, in part, to altered serotonin-mediated platelet function. In a group of healthy volunteers recruited from the Eskisehir region in central Turkey (N=37), we investigated the functional consequences of HTR 2 A T 102 C polymorphism in relation to platelet pharmacodynamics ex vivo. The platelet shape change and aggregation response to serotonin were measured with use of the platelet aggregometry and expressed as aggregometer output (mm). Because the circulating catecholamine hormone epinephrine can augment platelet aggregation, pharmacodynamic response (aggregation and its inhibition by 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist cyproheptadine) was measured in the presence of both serotonin and epinephrine, to mimic the clinical situation in patients. The mean platelet aggregation was higher by 38% in subjects with T 10 2 homozygosity (T/T genotype, N=13) when compared with the carriers of the 102 C-allele (T/C and the C/C genotypic groups, N=24) (39.5 mm+/-12.3 vs. 28.7 mm+/-16.8, respectively) (mean+/-SD) (p<0.05). On the other hand, neither the serotonin-induced platelet shape change nor the cyproheptadine inhibition of platelet aggregation was influenced by the HTR 2 A T 102 C genetic variation (p>0.05). These findings in healthy subjects may provide a mechanistic explanation for the previously reported genetic association between HTR 2 A and AMI. Further genetic association studies of the 5-HT(2A) receptor in patients with AMI in different populations are warranted.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL SOLUBILITY PARAMETER MAPPING OF HEAVY OILS (1996)

ABSTRACT The solubility and insolubility of heavy oils and their fractions in dilute mixtures with various solvents were used to characterize heavy oil interactions. A two-dimensional solubility parameter, developed for the selection of solvents for organic polymers, was found to group all the solvents for each heavy oil fraction in polygon areas when the complexing solubility parameter component was plotted against the field force solubility parameter component. All fractions of Cold Lake vacuum residua, except for the saturate fraction, form concentric solubility areas. Therefore, in going in the direction of decreasing aromaticity from coke to asphaltenes to resins to aromatics, all solvents for the previous fraction in the series are also solvents for all subsequent fractions in the series. As a result, asphaltenes can be precipitated, but not extracted, from heavy oils. This is attributed to the interaction among polynuclear aromatics being the dominate interaction in petroleum that causes insolubility in hydrocarbon liquids. However, the paraffinic chains on the same petroleum molecules limit their solubility in highly complexing liquids. In contrast, even vacuum gas oils from the Exxon Donor Solvent coal liquefaction process are insoluble in aromatic liquids but soluble in moderately complexing liquids because of hydrogen bonding, resulting from oxygen functionality. Hydrotreating of these coal derived vacuum. gas oils reduces their oxygen functionality and increases their solubility areas so that they become compatible with petroleum liquids.
Lower bounds on the information rate of intersymbol interference channels based on the Ungerboeck observation model (2009)

We consider the problem of lower bounding the information rate of intersymbol interference channels via Monte Carlo algorithms. We adopt a novel approach based on the Ungerboeck observation model, unlike the existing ones that are all based on the Forney model. The two approaches, yet equivalent in the case of full-complexity detection, lead to different results in the case of reduced-complexity detection, which is the only viable option when the channel memory is large. The proposed approach significantly outperforms the existing ones for all practical values of the signal-to-noise ratio.
Self-organization of tetrapyrrole constituents to give a photoactive protocell (2012)

A tandem combinatorial reaction of four acyclic, colorless compounds (two α-aminoketones and two diones; one polar and one nonpolar for each) in aqueous solution (30 mM each, 60 °C, pH 7, 24 h) containing lipid vesicles and with or without quinones and solar illumination affords a distribution of up to 538 porphyrins in 1.6–3.9% overall yield. The reactions leading to the porphyrins can occur in either or both the aqueous phase and the hydrophobic membrane of the vesicles. The porphyrins encompass a broad range of polarity and partition in the aqueous-lipid medium. Two fractions obtained by size-exclusion chromatography include porphyrins associated with the lipid vesicles and porphyrins in the aqueous phase. The porphyrins in both phases are photoactive as demonstrated by fluorescence quantum yield measurements (Φf ∼ 0.07–0.08) and by the Krasnovsky reaction (a photosynthetic-like process). The constituents of the Krasnovsky reaction employed here are methyl red, ascorbic acid, and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol. Illumination of the two porphyrin-containing samples (aqueous phase or vesicles) in the presence of the Krasnovsky constituents results in the reduction of methyl red and oxidation of ascorbic acid. Thus, the overall process transforms a colorless aqueous suspension via four stages (two combinatorial reactions, oxidation, physical partitioning) to photoactive porphyrins in distinct venues. The process may provide a model for the origin of pigments that enable proto-photosynthesis.
Magnetophotoluminescence study of GaxIn1−xP quantum wells with CuPt-type long-range ordering (2006)

Magnetophotoluminescence (PL) measurements are performed on GaxIn1−xP∕AlGaInP quantum wells with CuPt-type long-range ordering. Curve-fitting and second-order derivative operations are conducted, respectively, on the PL spectra, and two different PL components are identified with an energetic separation of about 5∼25meV. Obvious diamagnetic shift can be observed only for the PL component with higher energy, indicating the excitonic feature of the related PL transition. The in-(001)-plane exciton reduced effective mass and binding energy are evaluated based solely on the excitonic PL component, by a quasi-two-dimensional exciton effective mass approximation. The results suggest that the ordering competes with compressive strain, and enlarges the exciton reduced effective mass and binding energy. The enlargement is discussed and a comparison with previous reports is given.
Who are the Masters of the Treaties ? Law and Politics in the Birth of European Constitutionalism (2007)

International audience
Biosynthesis and Hydrolysis of Poly(γ-glutamic acid) fromBacillus subtilisIF03335 (1992)

Poly(γ-glutamic acid) (PGA) production in Bacillus subtilis IF03335 was studied. When citric acid as a carbon source was added to a glutamic acid medium containing L-glutamic acid and ammonium sulfate, a large amount of pure PGA was produced. On the other hand, when glucose was added to the glutamic acid medium, a by-product was produced, which seemed to be a polysaccharide. Moreover, the mode of hydrolysis was investigated with PGA in aqueous solutions at 80, 100, and 120°C by monitoring the time-dependent changes in the molecular weights. Hydrolytic degradation of PGA was found to proceed through a random chain scission.
SEROLOGICAL REACTIONS OF PROTEIN FILMS AND DENATURED PROTEINS (1942)

Films of several proteins, hen ovalbumin, horse and human serum albumins, and globulins were found to combine specifically with antibodies, showing that the reactions can take place independently of the structure which secures the compact shape of the protein molecule. Serum globulin films differed from ovalbumin in that they lost their reactivity when kept on the water surface. Species specific reactions were observed with films of serum albumin and suitably diluted antisera, and likewise in the customary precipitin tests in which immune sera for denatured hen ovalbumin were tested against ovalbumin of other species. Specific fixation was also observed upon exposing monolayers of purified antibodies for pneumococci of Types I and III to the corresponding polysaccharides.
Abstract 4924: Evaluation of the efficacy of curcumin and Y15 in platinum resistant ovarian cancer cells (2018)

Abstract Curcumin, a compound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa), inhibits the proliferation of multiple cancer cell types, including ovarian, pulmonary, brain, and breast through various mechanisms. In advanced ovarian cancer, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed and contributes to platinum resistance. The compound Y15 (1, 2, 4, 5-benzene tetra amine tetrahydrochloride) inhibits FAK phosphorylation and subsequent activation. Therefore, in the present study we evaluated the combined cytotoxic efficacy of Curcumin and Y15 in platinum resistant OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells. Cells were initially treated with concentrations of Y15 (10-100 μM), and curcumin (0-20µM) to determine IC10 values. Cells were subsequently treated with Y15 (20 μM) and curcumin (5 µM) alone and in combination. The cytotoxic profile of each treatment was assessed using the MTT assay. DNA fragmentation and poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage assays were performed to evaluate the mechanism of cell death. We further evaluated the expression of total FAK, phosphorylated FAK, p53, p21, and BAX in response to treatments using western blot. Y15 significantly increased the cytotoxic efficacy of curcumin when compared to the curcumin only treatment. Cell death by apoptosis was confirmed by PARP cleavage and the presence of DNA fragments in Y15, curcumin, and curcumin plus Y15 treatment groups. The curcumin plus Y15 combination significantly downregulated the expression of phosphorylated FAK when compared to the individual treatments and control. Reduced FAK phosphorylation also correlated with increased expression of P53, P21 and BAX in curcumin and Y15 treatment groups. These results indicate that Y15 significantly enhances the cytotoxic profile of curcumin in platinum resistant OVCAR-3 cells. This study is the first to report a FAK dependent cytotoxic mechanism of curcumin in ovarian cancer and in further work we will evaluate the signaling pathways involved. Citation Format: Arkene S. Levy, Appu Rathinavelu, Nicole Coelho, Amanda Ramnot, Thanigaivelan Kanagasabai, Olena Bracho, Robert Smith. Evaluation of the efficacy of curcumin and Y15 in platinum resistant ovarian cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4924.
Cmr3 regulates the suppression on cyclic oligoadenylate synthesis by tag complementarity in a Type III-B CRISPR-Cas system (2019)

Type III CRISPR-Cas systems code for a multi-subunit ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex that mediates DNA cleavage and synthesizes cyclic oligoadenylate (cOA) second messenger to confer anti-viral immunity. Both immune activities are to be activated upon binding to target RNA transcripts by their complementarity to crRNA, and autoimmunity avoidance is determined by extended complementarity between the 5'-repeat tag of crRNA and 3'-flanking sequences of target transcripts (anti-tag). However, as to how the strategy could achieve stringent autoimmunity avoidance remained elusive. In this study, we systematically investigated how the complementarity of the crRNA 5'-tag and anti-tag (i.e., tag complementarity) could affect the interference activities (DNA cleavage activity and cOA synthesis activity) of Cmr-α, a type III-B system in <i>Sulfolobus islandicus</i> Rey15A. The results revealed an increasing suppression on both activities by increasing degrees of tag complementarity and a critical function of the 7<sup>th</sup> nucleotide of crRNA in avoiding autoimmunity. More importantly, mutagenesis of Cmr3α exerts either positive or negative effects on the cOA synthesis activity depending on the degrees of tag complementarity, suggesting that the subunit, coupling with the interaction between crRNA tag and anti-tag, function in facilitating immunity and avoiding autoimmunity in Type III-B systems.
Single phase AC electronic load with energy recovery (2017)

This paper presents single phase AC electronic load with energy recovery (ELER), which is composed of a load emulator converter (LEC) and grid connected converter (GCC). The LEC uses the advantages of hysteresis current control to emulate the various load current shapes with excellent dynamic performance and powerful current limit capability. The energy from a load emulator is recovered by the d-, q-axis control of a single phase grid connected converter which provides high system efficiency. The experiments are tested based on 2 kVA loads to verify the performance of a load emulator converter to emulate the linear load current, nonlinear load current and the system efficiency. From the experiment results, the proposed ELER can emulate the various type of load and during the testing, the energy can recovered to the grid with unity PF and the maximum efficiency of the test system was at 86%.