gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of diesel engine fuelling with mineral and vegetable fuels on the angle of injection advance and characteristics of heat emission (2006)

The paper presents investigation results of the engine AD3.152 fuelled with hydrocarbon fuel EKODIESEL PLUS 50B and vegetable fuel EKODIESEL PLUS 50B that allow to determine the angle of injection advance and characteristics of heat emission during the combustion process. Analysis of the obtained diagrams of fuel pressure in, the injection pipe enables to determine fuel pressure increase rate. The combustion process is a compound, periodically repeated high-frequency process going inside a cylinder of the piston-combustion engine. One from enough easily obtained and authoritative sources of information on the course processes reaching inside the cylinder is the indicatory diagram. Economical, energy-related and ecological indicators work of the engine with immediate way are relative to the course of the indicatory diagram, and this in turn is relative to the process of the combustion estimated by means of the characteristics of heat release. As result of research constated that was useful conduct of further research processes of the fuel injection and courses of the relative quantity of heat release during the process of the combustion, at the power supply of the engine both fuels mineral origin as and vegetable.
Magnetic circular dichroism study of matrix-isolated iron atoms (1984)

The absorption and magnetic circular dichroism spectra of iron atoms isolated in argon, krypton and xenon matrices have been measured in the visible and u.v. regions as a function of temperature (12-30 K). Calculations of the important MCD parameters as well as relative dipole strengths have been performed for the free atom and the atom in an octahedral field. It is shown that spin-orbit coupling is dominant as in the free atom case and that the influence of the matrix on the free atom terms is minimal (i.e., no vibronic coupling). Two major sites are found for iron in argon whereas only one is present in krypton and xenon matrices. Evidence for Fex clusters is presented.
Application of Machine Learning for the Automation of the Quality Control of Noise Filtering Processes in Seismic Data Imaging (2020)

Seismic imaging is the main technology used for subsurface hydrocarbon prospection. It provides an image of the subsurface using the same principles as ultrasound medical imaging. As for any data acquired through hydrophones (pressure sensors) and/or geophones (velocity/acceleration sensors), the raw seismic data are heavily contaminated with noise and unwanted reflections that need to be removed before further processing. Therefore, the noise attenuation is done at an early stage and often while acquiring the data. Quality control (QC) is mandatory to give confidence in the denoising process and to ensure that a costly data re-acquisition is not needed. QC is done manually by humans and comprises a major portion of the cost of a typical seismic processing project. It is therefore advantageous to automate this process to improve cost and efficiency. Here, we propose a supervised learning approach to build an automatic QC system. The QC system is an attribute-based classifier that is trained to classify three types of filtering (mild = under filtering, noise remaining in the data; optimal = good filtering; harsh = over filtering, the signal is distorted). The attributes are computed from the data and represent geophysical and statistical measures of the quality of the filtering. The system is tested on a full-scale survey (9000 km2) to QC the results of the swell noise attenuation process in marine seismic data.
Molluscum contagiosum bei Immunsuppression mit Methotrexat: Multiple Dellwarzen der Lider (1998)

Drug induced immunosuppression as with methotrexate may be associated with multiple periocular lesions due to molluscum contagiosum.
Comparison of Methods Based on Different Molecular Epidemiological Markers for Typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Strains: Interlaboratory Study of Discriminatory Power and Reproducibility (1999)

In this study, the currently known typing methods for Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were evaluated with regard to reproducibility, discrimination, and specificity. Therefore, 90 M. tuberculosis complex strains, originating from 38 countries, were tested in five restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) typing methods and in seven PCR-based assays. In all methods, one or more repetitive DNA elements were targeted. The strain typing and the DNA fingerprint analysis were performed in the laboratory most experienced in the respective method. To examine intralaboratory reproducibility, blinded duplicate samples were included. The specificities of the various methods were tested by inclusion of 10 non-M. tuberculosis complex strains. All five RFLP typing methods were highly reproducible. The reliability of the PCR-based methods was highest for the mixed-linker PCR, followed by variable numbers of tandem repeat (VNTR) typing and spoligotyping. In contrast, the double repetitive element PCR (DRE-PCR), IS6110 inverse PCR, IS6110 ampliprinting, and arbitrarily primed PCR (APPCR) typing were found to be poorly reproducible. The 90 strains were best discriminated by IS6110 RFLP typing, yielding 84 different banding patterns, followed by mixed-linker PCR (81 patterns), APPCR (71 patterns), RFLP using the polymorphic GC-rich sequence as a probe (70 patterns), DRE-PCR (63 patterns), spoligotyping (61 patterns), and VNTR typing (56 patterns). We conclude that for epidemiological investigations, strain differentiation by IS6110 RFLP or mixed-linker PCR are the methods of choice. A strong association was found between the results of different genetic markers, indicating a clonal population structure of M. tuberculosis strains. Several separate genotype families within the M. tuberculosis complex could be recognized on the basis of the genetic markers used.
Motor cycles with phase III in antrum are associated with high motilin levels and prolonged gallbladder emptying (1993)

We examined the relationship of interdigestive gallbladder emptying with the different phases of the migrating motor complex (MMC) and with plasma levels of cholecystokinin (CCK) and motilin. In 10 volunteers 20 cycles of the MMC were recorded. In 11 cycles phase III occurred in antrum and duodenum (group 1). In nine cycles phase III was observed only in duodenum (group 2). In group 1 gallbladder emptying started at 30% of total cycle length and continued until the end of the cycle. Maximal gallbladder emptying was 33.3 +/- 3.3% (SE). In group 2 gallbladder emptying also started at 30% of total cycle length but ended at 60%. Maximal gallbladder emptying in this group was 24.3 +/- 3.1% (P &lt; 0.05). Motilin levels were higher in group 1 than in group 2 during phase IIB (240.1 +/- 28.5 and 142.1 +/- 30.9 pg/ml, respectively, P &lt; 0.05) and during phase III (210.8 +/- 24.3 and 93.5 +/- 12.5 pg/ml, respectively, P &lt; 0.05). We conclude that: 1) phase III activities starting in the antrum are preceded by greater and prolonged gallbladder emptying, higher motilin levels, and higher intraduodenal bile acid concentrations than phase III activities starting in the duodenum and 2) no relationship between interdigestive gallbladder motility and CCK levels could be demonstrated.
Evaluation of a serum tumour marker‐based recurrence prediction model after radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma (2020)

A high MoRAL score of >68 was significant a predictive factor of tumour recurrence after RFA for very-early/early-stage HCC. Moreover, it might be warranted to evaluate EM in patients with high baseline MoRAL scores.
Research Reactors at JINR: Looking into the Future (2021)

The concept is presented of a new pulsed reactor IBR-3 (Neptun) with parameters superior to those of the pulsed sources in use or under construction for research in extracted beams. The scientific program difficult or impossible to implement at existing sources and the infrastructure supporting experiments are briefly discussed.
Does Aid for Roads Attract Foreign or Domestic Firms? Evidence from Cambodia (2013)

Less developed countries have received substantial foreign aid for transport infrastructure, making its quantitative assessment important. To investigate the effect of aid for road infrastructure on the location of foreign and domestic firms, this study employs the first comprehensive census on all business establishments in C ambodia for 2011 and measures the geographical distribution of aid disbursements in roads. Estimating a negative binomial model, we find that aid disbursements in roads have little influence on the entry of foreign and domestic firms across communes. Compared with the aid effect, the location of firms is more strongly influenced by other determinants such as population size, electricity access, and labor supply.
Development of a Syngeneic In Vivo Tumor Model and its Use in Evaluating a Novel P-Glycoprotein Modulator, PGP-4008 (2003)

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a phenomenon by which tumor cells develop reduced sensitivity to anticancer drugs, which often leads to the failure of cancer chemotherapy. A prominent mechanism of MDR is the overexpression of the multidrug efflux pump, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), that decreases the intracellular accumulation of many anticancer drugs, leading to increased tumor growth. Intensive efforts are under way to develop clinically useful MDR modulators that inhibit the function of P-gp for use in combination with established anticancer drugs. Our goal was to develop an improved in vivo solid tumor model utilizing immunocompetent animals to examine the efficacy of P-gp-specific MDR modulators. Using in vitro cytotoxicity and drug accumulation assays, two transformed murine cell lines, JC and TIB-75, were found to demonstrate the P-gp-mediated MDR phenotype. In contrast, two similar lines did not express functional P-gp. Western blot analyses confirmed the expression of P-gp and the lack of expression of the closely related drug efflux protein MRP1 in the JC and TIB-75 cell lines. The JC cell line displayed excellent tumorigenicity and consistent growth kinetics when implanted into immune-competent Balb/c mice. Animals treated with a combination of a known MDR modulator, cyclosporin A, and a cytotoxic drug, doxorubicin, exhibited significantly reduced tumor growth compared with untreated controls or animals treated with either cyclosporin A or doxorubicin alone. Similarly, a novel P-gp-specific MDR modulator, PGP-4008, in combination with doxorubicin showed inhibition of tumor growth. However, in contrast with the significant loss of body weight observed in the animals treated with the combination of cyclosporin A and doxorubicin, those treated with PGP-4008 plus doxorubicin did not experience weight loss. Therefore, this syngeneic solid tumor model provides a new in vivo system that can be used to evaluate the efficacy of P-gp inhibitors in an immune-competent host. This should allow improved prediction of the clinical utility of these compounds.
Cortical actin networks induce spatio-temporal confinement of phospholipids in the plasma membrane – a minimally invasive investigation by STED-FCS (2020)

Important discoveries in the last decades have changed our view of the plasma membrane organisation. Specifically, the cortical cytoskeleton has emerged as a key modulator of the lateral diffusion of membrane proteins. Cytoskeleton-dependent compartmentalised lipid diffusion has been proposed, but this concept remains controversial because this phenomenon has thus far only been observed with artefact-prone probes in combination with a single technique: single particle tracking. In this paper, we report the first direct observation of compartmentalised phospholipid diffusion in the plasma membrane of living cells using a minimally invasive, fluorescent dye labelled lipid analogue. These observations were made using optical STED nanoscopy in combination with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (STED-FCS), a technique which allows the study of membrane dynamics on a sub-millisecond time-scale and with a spatial resolution of down to 40 nm. Specifically, we find that compartmentalised phospholipid diffusion depends on the cortical actin cytoskeleton, and that this constrained diffusion is directly dependent on the F-actin branching nucleator Arp2/3. These findings provide solid evidence that the Arp2/3-dependent cortical actin cytoskeleton plays a pivotal role in the dynamic organisation of the plasma membrane, potentially regulating fundamental cellular processes.
[Cancer vaccine therapy using peptides derived from tumor-rejection antigens]. (1997)

A number of genes coding tumor antigens have recently been isolated from human melanoma cell lines. The antigens encoded by these genes are recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in the context of HLA class I molecules, and the antigenic peptides have been identified. These tumor-rejection antigens include tumor-specific shared antigens, differentiation antigens, or antigens specific for individual tumors. Tumor-specific CTLs have been generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy donors or patients with malignant tumors by in vitro stimulation with peptide epitopes derived from tumor-rejection antigens. Furthermore, induction of peptide-specific CTL in PBMC has been observed in patients following the immunization with the antigenic peptides in vivo. Based on these findings, clinical vaccine trials using these antigenic peptides have recently begun in patients with melanoma as well as other tumors that express these antigens, and some tumor responses have been seen in a limited number of patients. Therefore, in order to evaluate the efficacy of the vaccine therapy against various malignant tumors, further clinical studies are now under way.
TU‐A‐202‐01: Peak Skin Dose Reconstruction and TJC Sentinel Event (2010)

In 2005, the Joint Commission established a new reviewable Sentinel Event tied to radiation exposure. Proper identification and investigation of Sentinel Events are critical issues for maintaining Joint Commission accreditation of a hospital, mandating that the physicist correctly approach this problem. The newly defined sentinel event treats both radiotherapy and fluoroscopy, but we consider only the issues arising from the specific inclusion of prolonged fluoroscopy procedures that result in high (&gt; 1500 rads) cumulative skin doses. The specific details of what constitutes the fluoroscopic Sentinel Event, mechanisms for detecting potential events, how to investigate an event, and what happens in the course of reviewing a Sentinel Event are addressed. The air kerma monitors required by the FDA on fluoroscopic equipment manufactured since 2006 are very useful tools for dose determination in these cases, but they do not provide a direct or complete answer. Case studies are reviewed that illustrate how to estimate doses both with and without cumulative air kerma readings. Learning Objectives: 1. Review the definitions of the new Joint Commission Sentinel Event for fluoroscopic radiation exposure. 2. Identify monitoring policies and procedures to detect potential fluoroscopic Sentinel Events. 3. Discuss practical aspects and pitfalls of using air kerma monitors and technique values to calculate maximum skin doses.
Polygraph: system for dynamic reduction of false alerts in large-scale it service delivery environments (2011)

In order to avoid critical SLA violations, service providers use monitoring technology to automate the identification of relevant events in the performance of managed components and forward them as incident tickets to be resolved by system administrators (SAs) before a critical failure occurs. For optimal cost and performance, monitoring policies must be finely tuned to the behavior of the managed components, such that SAs are not engaged for investigation of false alerts. Existing approaches to tuning monitoring policy rely heavily on high skilled SA work, with high costs and long completion times. Polygraph is a novel architecture for automated tuning of monitoring policies towards reducing false alerts. Polygragh integrates multiple types of service management data into an active-learning approach to automated generation of new monitoring policies. SAs can only be involved in the verification of policies with low projected scores. Experiments with a trace of 60K monitoring events from a large IT service delivery infrastructure compare methods for threshold adjustment in alert policy predicates with respect to potential for false alert reduction. Select methods reduce false alerts by up to 50% compared to baseline methods.
The effect of Zn on precipitation in Al–Mg–Si alloys (2014)

Effects of addition of Zn (up to 1 wt%) on microstructure, precipitate structure and intergranular corrosion (IGC) in an Al–Mg–Si alloys were investigated. During ageing at 185 °C, the alloys showed modest increases in hardness as function of Zn content, corresponding to increased number densities of needle-shaped precipitates in the Al–Mg–Si alloy system. No precipitates of the Al–Zn–Mg alloy system were found. Using high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), the Zn atoms were incorporated in the precipitate structures at different atomic sites with various atomic column occupancies. Zn atoms segregated along grain boundaries, forming continuous film. It correlates to high IGC susceptibility when Zn concentration is ~1wt% and the materials in peak-aged condition.
“Turn-on” Fluorescence Detection of Lead Ions Based on Accelerated Leaching of Gold Nanoparticles on the Surface of Graphene (2012)

A novel platform for effective "turn-on" fluorescence sensing of lead ions (Pb(2+)) in aqueous solution was developed based on gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-functionalized graphene. The AuNP-functionalized graphene exhibited minimal background fluorescence because of the extraordinarily high quenching ability of AuNPs. Interestingly, the AuNP-functionalized graphene underwent fluorescence restoration as well as significant enhancement upon adding Pb(2+), which was attributed to the fact that Pb(2+) could accelerate the leaching rate of the AuNPs on graphene surfaces in the presence of both thiosulfate (S(2)O(3)(2-)) and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME). Consequently, this could be utilized as the basis for selective detection of Pb(2+). With the optimum conditions chosen, the relative fluorescence intensity showed good linearity versus logarithm concentration of Pb(2+) in the range of 50-1000 nM (R = 0.9982), and a detection limit of 10 nM. High selectivity over common coexistent metal ions was also demonstrated. The practical application had been carried out for determination of Pb(2+) in tap water and mineral water samples. The Pb(2+)-specific "turn-on" fluorescence sensor, based on Pb(2+) accelerated leaching of AuNPs on the surface of graphene, provided new opportunities for highly sensitive and selective Pb(2+) detection in aqueous media.
Discotic (2016)

In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.
Insulin-like growth factor-I inhibits apoptosis in IL-3-dependent hemopoietic cells (1992)

The death of hemopoietic cells on withdrawal of CSF occurs by a mechanism known as apoptosis characterized by the early degradation of chromatin into oligonucleosome-length fragments. Insulin-like growth factor I plays a pivotal role in the regulation of somatic cell growth as a mediator of growth hormone action. Animals with low levels of circulating IGF-I are more vulnerable to infections and have diminished immune responses. To analyze the possibility of a regulatory role of IGF-I on hemopoiesis and determine its mechanism of action, we have studied the effect of this growth factor on the survival and proliferation of two IL-3-dependent hemopoietic cell lines and in IL-3-responsive primary cultures of bone marrow-derived mast cells. In IL-3-depleted cultures, IGF-I prevented DNA fragmentation and apoptotic cell death. Insulin at high concentration had a weak protective action and IGF-II was inactive in suppressing apoptosis in these IL-3-dependent hemopoietic cells. Cell proliferation was also stimulated by IGF-I in the absence of other hemopoietic growth factors although it was a weak mitogen when compared with IL-3. These results indicate that circulating or locally produced IGF-I may promote survival of both the steady state hemopoietic precursor population and cytokine-producing cells and could therefore regulate hemopoiesis acting in a concerted manner with other CSF.
Development of thermal energy storage units for spacecraft cryogeniccoolers (1980)

Thermal Energy Storage Units were developed for storing thermal energy required for operating Vuilleumier cryogenic space coolers. In the course of the development work the thermal characteristics of thermal energy storage material was investigated. By three distinctly different methods it was established that ternary salts did not release fusion energy as determined by ideality at the melting point of the eutectic salt. Phase change energy was released over a relatively wide range of temperature with a large change in volume. This strongly affects the amount of thermal energy that is available to the Vuilleumier cryogenic cooler at its operating temperature range and the amount of thermal energy that can be stored and released during a single storage cycle.
Engineering Copper Carboxylate Functionalities on Water Stable Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhancement of Ammonia Removal Capacities (2017)

Functionalization of copper carboxylate groups on a series of UiO-66 metal organic framework (MOF) analogues and their corresponding impact on humid and dry ammonia adsorption behavior were studied. Relative locations of possible carboxylic acid binding sites for copper on the MOF analogues were varied on ligand and missing linker defect sites. Materials after copper incorporation exhibited increased water vapor and ammonia affinity during isothermal adsorption and breakthrough experiments, respectively. The introduction of copper markedly increased ammonia adsorption capacities for all adsorbents possessing carboxyl binding sites. In particular, the new MOF UiO-66-(COOCu)2 displayed the highest ammonia breakthrough capacities of 6.38 and 6.84 mmol g–1 under dry and humid conditions, respectively, while retaining crystallinity and porosity. Relative carboxylic acid site locations were also found to impact sorbent stability, as missing linker defect functionalized materials degraded under humid conditions after copper incorporation. Postsynthetic metal insertion provides a method for adding sites that are analogous to open metal sites while maintaining good structural stability.