gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A critical period of vulnerability to adolescent stress: epigenetic mediators in mesocortical dopaminergic neurons (2016)

The molecular basis of vulnerability to stress during the adolescent period is largely unknown. To identify potential molecular mediators that may play a role in stress-induced behavioral deficits, we imposed social isolation on a genetically vulnerable mouse model. We report that 3-week (5-8 weeks of age) adolescent stress in combination with disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (Disc1) genetic risk elicits alterations in DNA methylation of a specific set of genes, tyrosine hydroxylase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and FK506 binding protein 5. The epigenetic changes in the mesocortical dopaminergic neurons were prevented when animals were treated with a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist RU486 during social isolation, which implicates the role for glucocorticoid signaling in this pathological event. We define the critical period of GR intervention as the first 1-week period during the stress regimen, suggesting that this particular week in adolescence may be a specific period of maturation and function of mesocortical dopaminergic neurons and their sensitivity to glucocorticoids. Our study may also imply the clinical significance of early detection and prophylactic intervention against conditions associated with adolescent social stress in individuals with genetic risk.
Biochemical and genetic characterization of a yeast TFIID mutant that alters transcription in vivo and DNA binding in vitro. (1992)

A mutation in the gene that encodes Saccharomyces cerevisiae TFIID (SPT15), which was isolated in a selection for mutations that alter transcription in vivo, changes a single amino acid in a highly conserved region of the second direct repeat in TFIID. Among eight independent spt15 mutations, seven cause this same amino acid change, Leu-205 to Phe. The mutant TFIID protein (L205F) binds with greater affinity than that of wild-type TFIID to at least two nonconsensus TATA sites in vitro, showing that the mutant protein has altered DNA binding specificity. Site-directed mutations that change Leu-205 to five different amino acids cause five different phenotypes, demonstrating the importance of this amino acid in vivo. Virtually identical phenotypes were observed when the same amino acid changes were made at the analogous position, Leu-114, in the first repeat of TFIID. Analysis of these mutations and additional mutations in the most conserved regions of the repeats, in conjunction with our DNA binding results, suggests that these regions of the repeats play equivalent roles in TFIID function, possibly in TATA box recognition.
Identification by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of an Enterobacteriaceae species from a bone marrow transplant recipient (2000)

16S rRNA gene sequencing was useful in ascertaining the clinical relevance of the strain of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from the stool of the bone marrow transplant recipient with diarrhoea.
Klimt artwork: red-pigment material investigation by backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer spectroscopy, SEM and p-XRF (2017)

Material tests were performed on a rediscovered Klimt-artwork "Trompetender Putto". We performed studies on the red colored spots, mainly taken from non-restored parts. MIMOS II Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopy (novelty in art-pigment analysis) mainly reveals haematite and crystallized goethite in red colors. Electron microscopy can identify various layers of the original and overpainting of an artwork. The number of layers fluctuates between three and four chemically painted areas. The portable X-ray fluorescence analysis enables to reduce the pigment list to containing mercury (cinnabar), lead, zinc, iron and titanium. Infrared-light-irradiation visualizes the different age of the pigments.
Leveraging multi-AP diversity for transmission resilience in wireless networks: architecture and performance analysis (2009)

With the increasing development of IEEE 802.11 based Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) devices, large-scale multi-cell WLANs with a high density of users and access points (APs) have emerged widely in various hotspots. Providing resilient data transmission has been a primary challenge for scaling the WLANs because the high density of users and APs results in too many collisions. In this paper, we analyze and point out the defect of the single association mechanism defined in IEEE 802.11 on transmission reliability from a network perspective. Then, we propose a "multi-AP" architecture with which a MAC layer device called an AP Controller (AC) is employed to enable each user to associate and cooperate with multiple APs. In this way, the users can benefit from the diversity effect of multipaths with independent collisions and transmission errors. This paper concentrates on the theoretical analysis of performance comparison between the proposed "Multi-AP" architecture and that in IEEE 802.11. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed "multi-AP" architecture can obtain much better performance in terms of the throughput per user and the total throughput, and the performance gain is position dependent. Moreover, the unfairness issue in traditional WLANs due to capture effect can be alleviated properly in the "multi-AP" framework.
Anemias due to Essential Nutrient Deficiencies (2014)

• Iron deficiency results from decreased intake in the setting of increased loss due to menstruation, childbirth or gastrointestinal bleeding. • Diets low in animal source foods are deficient in both iron and vitamin B 12 . • Atrophic gastritis (pernicious anemia) and other malabsorption syndromes are the major cause of vitamin B 12 deficiency megaloblastic anemia. • Folate deficiency megaloblastic anemia is often the result of alcoholism, drug therapy or malabsorption syndromes. • Vitamin B 12 deficiency causes elevated methylmalonic acid levels, and both B 12 deficiency and folate deficiency cause elevated homocysteine levels.
Real-time life expectancy estimation in power modules (2008)

The environmental and operating conditions applied to power electronic modules, such as temperature changes, load cycling, vibration, etc., cause degradation and ultimately failure in particular at interfaces between dissimilar materials, such as wire bonds and in solder layers. In this paper a compact real-time thermal model is used to predict the temperatures of the active device junctions and inaccessible locations such as solder layers within the power module. The temperature estimates are combined with lifetime based reliability models to provide a tool for life consumption monitoring. A rainflow counting method is applied to the temperature vs. time data to extract the occurrence frequencies of different thermal cycling ranges. Knowledge of the life consumed for each different cycle then allows the remaining life time to be estimated under arbitrary operational conditions through application of the Palmgren-Miner accumulated damage rule. Example results for life consumption in power module substrate solder layers are presented.
Understanding the Mechanisms of Transmission of Ehrlichia ruminantium and Its Influence on the Structure of Pathogen Populations in the Field (2006)

The understanding of the structure of Ehrlichia ruminantium stock population in the field was highlighted by experiments done in controlled conditions on the goat model. The mixture of strains observed in ticks seemed to be due to simultaneous infections rather than successive infections of the carrier. During a dual infection, the timing of Ehrlichia ruminantium circulation of the two stocks in hosts influenced their selection by ticks.
Realization of algorithm for the computation of third-order cross moments using FPGA (2007)

Higher-order Statistics (HOS), also known as cumulants, cross moments and their frequency domain counterparts have emerged as a powerful signal processing tool for the synthesis and analysis of signals and systems. The computation of higher-order cross moments is a necessary step towards the estimation of other statistics such as the higher-order cumulants and Wigner Spectra. In this paper, we present FPGA based design for the computation of third-order cross moments. The proposed design is coded in VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL) and functionally verified by synthesizing it on Xilinx Spartan-3 XC3S2000FG900-4 FPGA chip. FPGA implementation results are presented. The proposed design operates at a maximum frequency of 86.618 MHz.
Numerical ellipsometry: Analysis of thin metal layers using n-k-d twisted curve methods with multiple incidence angles (2010)

A major challenge for those utilizing ellipsometry is numerical processing of the measured data. The transcendental, multivalued equations arising from the physics of simple reflection are problematic for the least-squares numerical methods in common use. These early numerical methods require fairly accurate initial estimates, bounding to avoid local minima, and only find solutions at the bottom of a relatively flat numerical topography. Previously the authors have applied complex analysis in the n-k plane to improve visualization of the mathematics, and this has led to a growing array of new numerical methods avoiding these difficulties. The work presented here extends these new numerical methods to three dimensions (n-k-d space) for use with absorbing films deposited on transparent and on absorbing substrates. The method finds intersections of three “twisted curves” resulting from three (or more) light incidence angle measurements per wavelength. The method is employed here to determine the thickness and optical properties of chromium films (between 10 and 25 nm nominal thickness) deposited onto two different substrates, silicon and silica oxide, employing measurements made at three different angles of incidence for light wavelengths between 280 and 2500 nm.
Exponential improvements for quantum-accessible reinforcement learning (2017)

Quantum computers can offer dramatic improvements over classical devices for data analysis tasks such as prediction and classification. However, less is known about the advantages that quantum computers may bring in the setting of reinforcement learning, where learning is achieved via interaction with a task environment. Here, we consider a special case of reinforcement learning, where the task environment allows quantum access. In addition, we impose certain "naturalness" conditions on the task environment, which rule out the kinds of oracle problems that are studied in quantum query complexity (and for which quantum speedups are well-known). Within this framework of quantum-accessible reinforcement learning environments, we demonstrate that quantum agents can achieve exponential improvements in learning efficiency, surpassing previous results that showed only quadratic improvements. A key step in the proof is to construct task environments that encode well-known oracle problems, such as Simon's problem and Recursive Fourier Sampling, while satisfying the above "naturalness" conditions for reinforcement learning. Our results suggest that quantum agents may perform well in certain game-playing scenarios, where the game has recursive structure, and the agent can learn by playing against itself.
Epithelial cell binding of group A streptococci by lipoteichoic acid on fimbriae denuded of M protein. (1976)

Group A streptococci were treated with various enzymatic and chemical agents in an attempt to dissociate the type-specific M protein from intact surface "fimbriae." Mild peptic digestion at pH 5.8, which was previously shown to extract serologically active M antigen from intact streptococci had little visible effect on the fimbriae even though virtually all of the M protein was removed as demonstrated by (a) increased susceptibility to phagocytosis, (b) lack of opsonic effect of homologous M antibody on the treated streptococci, and (c) loss of HCl-extractable M protein. These fimbriated streptococci which lacked M protein adhered to human oral mucosal cells equally as well as untreated, fimbriated organisms which retained their M protein. Removal of both fimbriae and M protein by digesting organisms with HCL at pH 2.0 at 94 degrees C. or with trypsin abolished their ability to bind mucosal cells. Electron microscopy of streptococci bound to epithelial cells demonstrated fimbriae radiating from the surface of the organisms to the membrane of the epithelial cells. It is apparent, therefore, that the determinants of streptococcal fimbriae involved in resistance to phagocytosis can be dissociated from those involved in epithelial cell binding. These results are consistent with our previous studies which suggested that fatty acids ester linked with glycerol teichoic acid rather than M protein of streptococci binds the organisms to epithelial cells.
Myopic Traction Maculopathy: Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging and a Hypothesized Mechanism (2009)

A patient with progressive visual loss and macular hole development due to progressive myopic traction maculopathy was studied using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). A characteristic, deep retinal schisis-like change was clearly demonstrable. Progression to a full-thickness macular hole was documented. Postoperatively, the macular hole was closed, and the visual acuity was restored. SD-OCT imaging allowed better resolution of macular features but requires evaluation of all scan data. The source of progressive inner retinal traction may be the posterior extension of the staphyloma.
Manual Flying and Energy Awareness (2017)

Abstract. In order to enable pilots to better maintain energy awareness and energy management in manual flight, a new concept has been proposed, which transfers the demand control principle of fly-by-wire control laws also to the control of thrust. It includes a total-energy-related augmented thrust controller combined with a modified cockpit instrumentation enriched by specific energy displays. In order to empirically evaluate the human performance consequences of this new approach, an experimental study was conducted in a flight simulator investigating its effects on pilots’ performance, workload, and situation awareness. A total of 24 commercial aircraft pilots performed a landing and approach on a complex flight trajectory with and without the new system elements. The results confirm the expected beneficial effects of the new system on flight precision and lowered effort involved in thrust control as compared with conventional raw data flying. No negative side effects, for example, impaired situation awareness, were found.
Supplementary fig 7 from Changes in Peripheral and Local Tumor Immunity after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Reshape Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 7: Changes in immunologic signatures in response to NAC are not associated with outcome in non-TNBC tumors with residual disease.&lt;/p&gt;
Optically beamformed beam-switched adaptive antennas for fixed and mobile broad-band wireless access networks (2006)

In this paper, a 3-bit optical beamforming architecture based in 2/spl times/2 optical switches and dispersive media is proposed and demonstrated. The performance of this photonic beamformer is experimentally demonstrated at 42.7 GHz in both transmission and reception modes. The progress achieved for realizing these architectures with integrated optics is also reported. Due to its advanced features (i.e., potential fast-switching, huge bandwidth, and immunity to electromagnetic interference), the architecture is a very promising alternative to traditional beamforming technologies for implementing beamformed base-station antennas in fixed and mobile broad-band wireless access networks operating in the millimeter-wave band. The study presented here has been carried out in the frame of the IST 2000-25390 OBANET project.
Dual basis digit serial GF(2m) multiplier (2002)

A new digit serial GF(2 m ) multiplier based on the dual basis representation is presented for the first time in this paper. The multiplier is suitable for large word lengths such as those found in cryptosystems. Digit serial computations give a much better trade-off between area and speed in comparison with bit-parallel realization, which is too costly, and bit-serial realization which is too slow. The new multiplier is based on a look-ahead technique which serves to overcome the recursive algorithm used to calculate the extra elements of the operand represented in the dual basis prior to the multiplication process. This recursive algorithm is the main bottleneck for digit-serial multiplication. Unlike existing design, the new multiplier has low latency, and its digit size is not restricted by the type of primitive polynomial being used. A systolic version of the new multiplier, suitable for VLSI implementation, is also presented.
(Z)Bis(benzenesulfonyl)ethylene adducts to cyclopentadiene and norbornadiene (1984)

Article (Z)Bis(benzenesulfonyl)ethylene adducts to cyclopentadiene and norbornadiene was published on January 1, 1984 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials (volume 167, issue 3-4).
Effect of GABAergic compounds on gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene expression in the rat. (1995)

Using a competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the amounts of GnRH receptor (GnRHR) transcript in a discrete nucleus micropunched from rat brain slices were determined. GnRHR transcript was highly expressed in anterior pituitary >> median eminence > posterior mediobasal hypothalamus (pMBH) > preoptic area (POA) but not in cortex and posterior pituitary, which were used as control tissues. To examine the effect of GABA on GnRHR transcript level, 10 nmol of muscimol, a GABA-A receptor agonist, or baclofen, a GABA-B receptor agonist, was microinjected into the lateral ventricle of ovariectomized rats. Two hours after an intraventricular injection, rats were decapitated. Blood was collected 1 h before and after drug administration and used for LH determination. Serum LH levels were significantly reduced by muscimol but not by baclofen within 2 h. The activation of GABA-A receptors with muscimol resulted in a significant inhibition in GnRHR transcript level in both the pMBH and POA but not in the pituitary. The activation of GABA-B receptors with baclofen, however, did not produce any effect on GnRHR transcript level in the pMBH and POA, as well as the pituitary. This experiment demonstrates for the first time that GABAergic neurotransmission, through GABA-A receptors, is involved in the regulation of GnRHR transcript level in the rat hypothalamus. This suggests that GABAergic neurotransmission regulates GnRHR gene expression in a coordinated, yet complex, fashion in the control of the neuroendocrine function of GnRH-LH axis.
Au Nanoclusters Ameliorate Shigella Infectious Colitis by Inducing Oxidative Stress (2021)

The effective antibacterial effect and good safety suggest that Au NCs represent a good potential alternative to antibiotics to treat <i>Shigella</i> infections.
PATIENT AND STAFF DOSES FOR VARIOUS INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY AND CARDIOLOGY EXAMINATIONS IN TURKEY (2022)

This study aims to determine the radiation doses of patients and staff during different interventional radiology and cardiology examinations. Dose measurements for interventional radiology examinations were performed in Ibn-i Sina Hospital of Ankara University using Siemens Artis-Zee medical imaging system. Patient dose measurement was carried out for interventional cardiology examinations in Cardiology Department of TOBB-ETU University, Medical Faculty Hospital using Philips Allura Centron interventional X-ray system. Patient doses were obtained in terms of kerma area product (KAP) and cumulative air kerma (CAK) from KAP meter attached to the angiography system. Performance tests of the angiography system were performed before patient dose measurements. Staff dose measurements were carried out with thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD-100) placed in certain areas on the staff. Patient dose measurements were performed for 15 different interventional radiology examinations on a total of 431 patients and for four different cardiology examinations on a total of 299 patients. Monte Carlo based PCXMC 2.0 program was used to calculate patient effective doses. Lower extremity arteriography was the most common examination with a mean KAP value of 30 Gy cm2 and mean effective dose value of 1.2 mSv for total number of 194 patients. Mean KAP values calculated for coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, electrophysiological procedures and radiofrequency cardiac ablation examinations were 62.8, 162.8, 16.7 and 70.6 Gy cm2, respectively. Radiologist, nurse and technician effective dose normalised to the unit KAP of patient dose were 0.15, 0.11 and 0.14 μSv Gy-1 cm-2. Similarly, cardiologist, nurse and technician effective dose normalised to the unit KAP of patient dose were 0.22, 0.15 and 0.09 μSv Gy-1 cm-2. Measured KAP and CAK values vary depending on the type and complexity of the examination. The measured staff doses during cardiac examinations were higher when compared with that measured for interventional radiology as expected.
High rejection photonic RF filter using a thulium doped crystal (2021)

In this paper we demonstrate a photonic RF filter using the SHB properties in a Tm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> +:YAG crystal. We present an experimental study aiming to optimize the rejection and steepness of the SHB filter. At the term of this study we show a rejection of 60 dB and a rejection of 45 dB at 50 MHz from the edge of the filter, 20 dB higher than most photonic RF filters and compliant with stringent applications.
New efficient high-frequency load resonant-tank inverter with quasi-current resonant mode sub-circuits using static induction transistors/thyristors and its phase-shifted power regulation scheme (2003)

The authors discuss a resonant capacitor voltage-clamped type half-bridge topology for an instantaneous resonant current vector-regulated high-frequency inverter with phase shifting control, which efficiently operates with zero current soft switched quasi-resonant and load resonant tank circuit subresonant hybrid soft switching schemes. This inverter uses static induction (SI) devices (SI transistors and thyristors) and is more suitable for modern induction heating and melting power supplies industrial production plants. Analytical results and performance evaluations are presented. A breadboard of a trial inverter is demonstrated for the state-of-the-art induction heating power supply and is examined experimentally.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Measuring and Constraining Data Quality with Analytic Workflows (2008)

International audience
Verifying and validating simulation models (2014)

In this paper verification and validation of simulation models are discussed. Different approaches to deciding model validity are described and a graphical paradigm that relates verification and validation to the model development process is presented and explained. Conceptual model validity, model verification, operational validity, and data validity are discussed and a recommended procedure for model validation is presented.