gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Barrier and thermal properties of polyimide derived from a diamine monomer containing a rigid planar moiety (2017)

Abstract An aromatic polyimide (3,6‐ CPI ) was prepared by the polymerization of pyromellitic dianhydride and diamine (3,6‐ CDA ) containing a rigid planar carbazole moiety. The synthesized polyimide shows outstanding barrier properties with oxygen permeation rate and water vapor permeation rate low at 7.9 cm 3 m −2 day −1 and 9.8 g m −2 day −1 , respectively. Wide angle X‐ray diffraction, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the excellent barrier properties of 3,6‐ CPI are mainly due to the crystallinity and low free volume of the polymer, which result from the rigid planar backbone structure and strong interchain hydrogen bonding. In addition, the polyimide exhibits excellent thermal stability and favorable mechanical properties with a 5 wt% weight‐loss temperature of 559 °C in nitrogen, a glass transition temperature ( T g ) of 397 °C and a tensile strength of 115.4 MPa . The as‐synthesized polyimide shows potential packaging applications in the field of flexible electronics and displays, flexible and thin film photovoltaics, and light‐emitting diodes. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Multipoint communication by hierarchically encoded data (1992)

A novel multipoint communication paradigm, in which each destination receives a subset of the source's signal that corresponds to that destination's terminal and access bandwidth constraints, is presented. The approach to realizing this paradigm is based on integration of layered coding of the source's signal, routing based on bandwidth demand, optimization of signal parameters, and layered error control. The author gives an overview of several hierarchical signal coding techniques; presents methods for finding maximum bandwidth available to destination, establishing maximum-bandwidth routes; and optimally assigns bandwidth to the signal layers to maximize overall reception quality. Error control procedures whereby the network, source, and destinations cooperate to maintain layered-based data integrity, using erasure recovery coding and prioritized packet detection are also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Integral and fractional charge filling in a InAs/GaAs quantum dot p–i–n diode by capacitance–voltage measurement (2002)

The temperature-dependent capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics of two stacked InAs/GaAs quantum dot p–i–n diode were investigated. The capacitance discontinuities observed are attributed to charge storage in the InAs quantum dots. The average storage electrons at each InAs quantum dot thus obtained are two and three electrons at room temperature and at temperature below 100 K, respectively. In the intermediate temperature range from 100 to 250 K, fractional charge occupation is observed in each dot. When the C–V measurement frequency is lowered from 800 to 80 kHz, the capacitance turns into a negative value under low biases which indicates the dominance of the inductance at lower frequency.
Explorando a interface entre a antropologia e a genética (2005)

Americanae nace como un proyecto conjunto que surge dentro de la Red Europea de Información y Documentación sobre América Latina (REDIAL), y que ha afrontado la Biblioteca de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). Esta nueva biblioteca virtual hace más accesibles los libros digitales de tema americanista a los investigadores y usuarios interesados de cualquier parte del mundo.
TET1 is a tumor suppressor of hematopoietic malignancy (2015)

The methylcytosine dioxygenase TET1 (‘ten-eleven translocation 1’) is an important regulator of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in embryonic stem cells. The diminished expression of TET proteins and loss of 5hmC in many tumors suggests a critical role for the maintenance of this epigenetic modification. Here we found that deletion of Tet1 promoted the development of B cell lymphoma in mice. TET1 was required for maintenance of the normal abundance and distribution of 5hmC, which prevented hypermethylation of DNA, and for regulation of the B cell lineage and of genes encoding molecules involved in chromosome maintenance and DNA repair. Whole-exome sequencing of TET1-deficient tumors revealed mutations frequently found in non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma (B-NHL), in which TET1 was hypermethylated and transcriptionally silenced. Our findings provide in vivo evidence of a function for TET1 as a tumor suppressor of hematopoietic malignancy.
CAG repeat length in RAI1 is associated with age at onset variability in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) (2000)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by the expansion of a polymorphic (CAG)(n) tract, which is translated into an expanded polyglutamine tract in the ataxin-2 protein. Although repeat length and age at disease onset are inversely related, approximately 50% of the age at onset variance in SCA2 remains unexplained. Other familial factors have been proposed to account for at least part of this remaining variance in the polyglutamine dis-orders. The ability of polyglutamine tracts to interact with each other, as well as the presence of intra-nuclear inclusions in other polyglutamine disorders, led us to hypothesize that other CAG-containing proteins may interact with expanded ataxin-2 and affect the rate of protein accumulation, and thus influence age at onset. To test this hypothesis, we used step-wise multiple linear regression to examine 10 CAG-containing genes for possible influences on SCA2 age at onset. One locus, RAI1, contributed an additional 4.1% of the variance in SCA2 age at onset after accounting for the effect of the SCA2 expanded repeat. This locus was further studied in SCA3/Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), but did not have an effect on SCA3/MJD age at onset. This result implicates RAI1 as a possible contributor to SCA2 neurodegeneration and raises the possibility that other CAG-containing proteins may play a role in the pathogenesis of other polyglutamine disorders.
Multiagent System for Real-Time Operation of a Microgrid in Real-Time Digital Simulator (2012)

This paper presents a multiagent system (MAS) for real-time operation of a microgrid. The proposed operational strategy is mainly focused on generation scheduling and demand side management. In generation scheduling, schedule coordinator agent executes a two-stage scheduling: day-ahead and real-time scheduling. The day-ahead scheduling finds out hourly power settings of distributed energy resources (DERs) from a day-ahead energy market. The real-time scheduling updates the power settings of the distributed energy resources by considering the results of the day-ahead scheduling and feedback from real-time operation of the microgrid in real-time digital simulator (RTDS). A demand side management agent performs load shifting before the day-ahead scheduling, and does load curtailing in real-time whenever it is necessary and possible. The distributed multiagent model proposed in this paper provides a common communication interface for all components of the microgrid to interact with one another for autonomous intelligent control actions. Furthermore, the multiagent system maximizes the power production of local distributed generators, minimizes the operational cost of the microgrid, and optimizes the power exchange between the main power grid and the microgrid subject to system constraints and constraints of distributed energy resources. Outcome of simulation studies demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed multiagent approach for real-time operation of a microgrid.
INFRA-ESTRUTURA DE TRANSPORTE E EXPANSÃO DA AGROPECUÁRIA BRASILEIRA (2009)

Este artigo analisa a relacao entre a implantacao da infra-estrutura de transporte e seu impacto na expansao geografica e na intensificacao da producao agropecuaria brasileira. A evolucao da infraestrutura ferroviaria, a partir de meados do seculo XIX, seguida da construcao da malha rodoviaria, principalmente a partir de 1950, oferece elementos para investigar o efeito da reducao dos custos de transporte incorridos pelo setor agricola, especialmente nas regioes centrais do pais. A disponibilidade de dados para o periodo 1970-1996 possibilita tambem a investigacao da contemporaneidade entre a expansao da malha rodoviaria e da agropecuaria, por meio de recursos de geo-referenciamento e de um modelo econometrico que relaciona o crescimento da producao agricola com a variacao do uso de insumos agricolas classicos e modernos, bem como variaveis indicadoras dos custos de transporte inter e intra-regional.
Table S1 from An Open-Source, Automated Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Algorithm for Prognosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Fold redundancy of TMA sets&lt;/p&gt;
High Performance Live Migration through Dynamic Page Transfer Reordering and Compression (2011)

Although supported by many contemporary Virtual Machine (VM) hypervisors, live migration is impossible for certain applications. When migrating CPU and/or memory intensive VMs two problems occur, extended migration downtime that may cause service interruption or even failure, and prolonged total migration time that is harmful for the overall system performance as significant network resources must be allocated to migration. These problems become more severe for migration over slower networks, such as long distance migration between clouds. We approach this two-fold problem through a combination of techniques. A novel algorithm that dynamically adapts the transfer order of VM memory pages during live migration reduces the risk of re-transfers for frequently dirtied pages. As the amount of transferred data is thereby reduced, the total migration time is shortened. By combining this technique with a compression scheme that increases the migration bandwidth the migration downtime is also reduced. An evaluation by means of synthetic migration benchmarks shows that our combined approach reduces migration downtime by a factor 10 to 20, shortens total migration time by around 35%, as well as consumes between 26% and 39% less network bandwidth. The feasibility of our approach for real-life applications is demonstrated by migrating a streaming video server 31% faster while transferring 51% less data.
Spiral computed tomography for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (2007)

The accuracy of computed tomography (CT) imaging for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) was reviewed. Single detector CT, based on pooled data, showed a sensitivity of 73% and multidetector CT, mostly 4-slice, showed a sensitivity of 83%. Respective specificities were 87% and 96%. Among patients with suspected PE evaluated with single slice CT, 20% of patients found to have venous thromboembolic disease were diagnosed on the basis of a positive CT venous phase venogram. With multislice CT, 14% were diagnosed on the basis of a positive CT venogram. The positive likelihood ratio with single detector CT was 5.7 and with multidetector CT it was 19.6. Respective negative likelihood ratios were 0.31 and 0.18. Calculations of post-test probability using pretest probability and likelihood ratios according to Bayes' theorem showed that even with multidetector CT, false positive and false negative images are not uncommon when clinical assessment is discordant with the CT interpretation. Outcome studies showed recurrent PE in only 1.7% or fewer untreated patients with negative CT pulmonary angiograms.
Chemical transformation of protoberberines. XIII. A novel and efficient synthesis of antitumor benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids, nitidine and fagaronine. (1987)

An efficient synthesis of nitidine (1a).and fagaronine (1c), antitumor 2, 3, 8, 9-tetraoxygenated benzo [c] phenanthridine alkaloids, has been achieved via regioselective C6-N bond cleavage, followed by consecutive oxy-functionalization and recyclization between the C6 and C13 positions of the starting protoberberines, pseudoberberine (3a) and O-benzyldehydrodiscretine (3b), respectively.
A study of creep and creep rupture of polycarbonate (1995)

Abstract The creep characteristics of polycarbonate at elevated temperatures are investigated. The onset of glass transition temperature of polycarbonate is determined. An Arrhenius type relationship is used to describe the creep process and the concept of property retention index as applied to creep is discussed. An attempt is made to construct the master rupture curves for polycarbonate. The onset of glass transition temperature of polycarbonate was placed at around 110°C. It is concluded that the Arrhenius theory and the concept of property retention index are extremely useful in the construction of master rupture curves and that they require further investigation.
Proteome reference maps of Medicago truncatula embryogenic cell cultures generated from single protoplasts (2004)

Using a combination of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) protein mapping and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, we have established proteome reference maps of Medicago truncatula embryogenic tissue culture cells. The cultures were generated from single protoplasts, which provided a relatively homogeneous cell population. We used these to analyze protein expression at the globular stages of somatic embryogenesis, which is the earliest morphogenetic embryonic stage. Over 3000 proteins could reproducibly be resolved over a pI range of 4-11. Three hundred and twelve protein spots were extracted from colloidal Coomassie Blue-stained 2-DE gels and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight MS analysis and tandem MS sequencing. This enabled the identification of 169 protein spots representing 128 unique gene products using a publicly available expressed sequence tag database and the MASCOT search engine. These reference maps will be valuable for the investigation of the molecular events which occur during somatic embryogenesis in M. truncatula. The proteome reference maps and supplementary materials will be available and updated for public access at http://semele.anu.edu.au/.
TU-FF-A3-06: Correlating Lung Tumor Motion Patterns with Its Geometrical Location (2007)

Purpose: Precise and accurate delivery of radiation treatment for moving tumors is of great contemporary interest to the clinical and scientific community. Respiratory induced inter- and intra-fraction tumor motion in the thorax and abdomen degrades the effectiveness of radiation treatment. Tumors at different geometric locations, as seen in the lung, kidney, liver or prostate, have distinct motion properties. Furthermore, tumors at different sites of an organ reflect characteristic motion based on location;, for example, lung tumor motion is dependent upon which lobe the tumor resides. The objective of this work is to identify the correlation between respiratory-induced tumor motion and lung tumor location, size and shape. Method and Materials: Based on a finite state model, which captures the natural breathing actions, tumor motion properties (amplitude and duration) have been characterized.Lung motion characteristics are classified based on broncho-pulmonary segments, which define tumor location, and used in clinical treatments. The association rules between motion patterns and lung tumor location have been identified and parameterized through extensive statistical analysis. Results: There is a correlation between tumor motion and position in the lung. For example, tumors with smaller motion (amplitude < 5mm) are observed most frequently in the upper lung or attached to fixed structures. Tumors with relatively large motion are associated with the lower portion or periphery of the lungs. Conclusion: Establishing reliable correlations between respiratory motion and tumor location, size and shape, enhance the predictive power of these models of tumor motion in the lung. This is particularly important for new patients, on whom little data has been accumulated related to their tumor motion, to confidently predict the tumor's behavior during the course of treatment.
Impact of the Lattice on Magnetic Properties and Possible Spin Nematicity in the S=1 Triangular Antiferromagnet NiGa2S4 (2020)

NiGa_{2}S_{4} is a triangular lattice S=1 system with strong two dimensionality of the lattice, actively discussed as a candidate to host spin-nematic order brought about by strong quadrupole coupling. Using Raman scattering spectroscopy we identify a phonon of E_{g} symmetry which can modulate magnetic exchange J_{1} and produce quadrupole coupling. Additionally, our Raman scattering results demonstrate a loss of local inversion symmetry on cooling, which we associate with sulfur vacancies. This will lead to disordered Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions, which can prevent long-range magnetic order. Using magnetic Raman scattering response we identify 160 K as a temperature of an upturn of magnetic correlations. The temperature range below 160 K, but above 50 K where antiferromagnetic correlations start to increase, is a candidate for spin-nematic regime.
Face recognition based on fringe pattern analysis (2010)

Two-dimensional face-recognition techniques suffer from facial texture and illumination variations. Although 3-D techniques can overcome these limitations, the reconstruction and storage expenses of 3-D information are extremely high. We present a novel face-recognition method that directly utilizes 3-D information encoded in face fringe patterns without having to reconstruct 3-D geometry. In the proposed method, a digital video projector is employed to sequentially project three phase-shifted sinusoidal fringe patterns onto the subject's face. Meanwhile, a camera is used to capture the distorted fringe patterns from an offset angle. Afterward, the face fringe images are analyzed by the phase-shifting method and the Fourier transform method to obtain a spectral representation of the 3-D face. Finally, the eigenface algorithm is applied to the face-spectrum images to perform face recognition. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieved satisfactory recognition rates with reduced computational complexity and storage expenses.
Adaptive, Active and Multifunctional Composite and Hybrid Materials Program: Composite and Hybrid Materials ERA (2014)

Abstract : This report documents the final summation of a four-year in-house technical program on comprehensive materials development for organic, polymeric and carbonaceous composite and hybrid materials with combined structural loadbearing and other physical properties. The first three years of the four-year effort were comprised of tasks that were exclusively directed to fabrication, characterization and testing of multifunctional composite and hybrid materials for adaptive and shape-memory applications, and carbon fiber materials characterization and development. In the fourth and final year as the Composite and Hybrid Materials Exploratory Research Area (ERA), this bridge program incorporated portions of other areas such as thermal protective systems in extreme environments.
Toward a Reliable Collection of Eye-Tracking Data for Image Quality Research: Challenges, Solutions, and Applications (2017)

Image quality assessment potentially benefits from the addition of visual attention. However, incorporating aspects of visual attention in image quality models by means of a perceptually optimized strategy is largely unexplored. Fundamental challenges, such as how visual attention is affected by the concurrence of visual signals and their distortions; whether visual attention affected by distortion or that driven by the original scene only should be included in an image quality model; and how to select visual attention models for the image quality application context, remain. To shed light on the above unsolved issues, designing and performing eye-tracking experiments are essential. Collecting eye-tracking data for the purpose of image quality study is so far confronted with a bias due to the involvement of stimulus repetition. In this paper, we propose a new experimental methodology to eliminate such inherent bias. This allows obtaining reliable eye-tracking data with a large degree of stimulus variability. In fact, we first conducted 5760 eye movement trials that included 160 human observers freely viewing 288 images of varying quality. We then made use of the resulting eye-tracking data to provide insights into the optimal use of visual attention in image quality research. The new eye-tracking data are made publicly available to the research community.
Twist-bend nematic phase in cyanobiphenyls and difluoroterphenyls bimesogens (2016)

The paper reviews assignment of the low-temperature nematic phase observed in simple bimesogenic or dimeric systems based on cyanobiphenyls and difluoroterphenyls to the twist-bend nematic phase, NTB, using a range of experimental techniques. These include DSC, X-rays, Polarising Microscopy, electro-optics, birefringence and measurements of the electroclinic effect arising from flexoelectricity. An emphasis is laid on the observations of the chiral domains of opposite handedness at zero field in an otherwise achiral liquid crystalline system in this phase. These observations are a direct consequence of the structure of the twist-bend phase predicted by Ivan Dozov for achiral bent core molecules. The paper reviews the electro-optic phenomena and the observed electroclinic effect and how these observations assign it as the NTB phase. Results of the nanoscale helical pitch measurements using freeze-fracture microscopy are reviewed and discussed briefly. Results of the measurements of elastic constants especially close to the N–NTB transition are also reviewed.
Electron Spin Resonance of K-Doped Single-Wall Carbon Nanohorns and Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (2000)

Abstract K-doping into the aggregate of single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) and into the bundle of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are introduced in this study. Electron spin resonance (ESR) of the pristine SWNHs and SWNTs show that the pristine SWNHs are ESR active and the linewidth (ΔH) is susceptive to the partial pressure of O2, while the pristine SWNTs are ESR silent. ΔH of K-doped SWNHs becomes wider by a factor of −2 than that of the pristine one. For K-doped SWNTs, the Dysonian type ESR comes to be observed. Details of the ESR features are discussed.
Sorafenib inhibits endogenous and IL-6/S1P induced JAK2-STAT3 signaling in human neuroblastoma, associated with growth suppression and apoptosis (2012)

Medulloblastoma is the most common brain tumor in children. Here, we report that bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, induced apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation in two established cell lines and a primary culture of human medulloblastomas. Bortezomib increased the release of cytochrome c to cytosol and activated caspase-9 and caspase-3, resulting in cleavage of PARP. Caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) could rescue medulloblastoma cells from the cytotoxicity of bortezomib. Phosphorylation of AKT and its upstream regulator mTOR were reduced by bortezomib treatment in medulloblastoma cells. Bortezomib increased the expression of Bad and Bak, pro-apoptotic proteins, and p21Cip1 and p27Kip1, negative regulators of cell cycle progression, which are associated with the growth suppression and induction of apoptosis in these tumor cells. Bortezomib also increased the accumulation of phosphorylated IĸBα, and decreased nuclear translocation of NF-ĸB. Thus, NF-ĸB signaling and activation of its downstream targets are suppressed. Moreover, ERK inhibitors or downregulating ERK with ERK siRNA synergized with bortezomib on anticancer effects in medulloblastoma cells. Bortezomib also inhibited the growth of human medulloblastoma cells in a mouse xenograft model. These findings suggest that proteasome inhibitors are potentially promising drugs for treatment of pediatric medulloblastomas.