gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efeito do duplo envelhecimento nas propriedades da liga ti-12mo-13nb (2012)

Ligas de Ti do tipo β tem sido muito estudadas para aplicação em dispositivos biomédicos por apresentarem um balanço de vantagens em relação às outras ligas de Ti, tais como alta relação resistência / densidade, excelente resistência à fadiga e, além disso, tendem a apresentar o menor módulo dentre todos os tipos de ligas. Contudo, para um material ser utilizado como implante ortopédico é necessário um balanço entre alta resistência e baixo módulo de elasticidade. Estudos mostram que não é trivial obter simultaneamente baixo módulo de elasticidade e alta resistência nas ligas de Ti. Várias microestruturas podem ser obtidas por diferentes tratamentos de envelhecimento os quais influenciam várias propriedades das ligas e, portanto um satisfatório tratamento de envelhecimento poderá resultar num melhor balanço entre baixo módulo de elasticidade e alta resistência. Há vários tratamentos de envelhecimento que podem ser realizados em uma liga β metaestável. Um destes é o duplo envelhecimento, que consiste em dois processos. Realiza-se um envelhecimento em uma temperatura em torno de 250 ºC que favoreça a precipitação da fase ω (isotérmica) e um subsequente envelhecimento numa temperatura maior para a precipitação de fase α. O foco deste envelhecimento é obter uma precipitação de fase α mais fina e uniforme. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito do duplo envelhecimento nas propriedades da liga Ti-12Mo-13Nb. A liga Ti-12Mo-13Nb foi processada termomecanicamente e passou por um duplo envelhecimento que consistiu primeiramente num envelhecimento na temperatura de 300 ᵒC por 10 min, 45 min e 3 h e um subsequente envelhecimento na temperatura de 500 ºC por 24 h. Como resultado foi observado que não houve variação significativa na dureza e no módulo de elasticidade com a variação da fração volumétrica da fase ω durante o envelhecimento prévio da temperatura externa.
Light scattering size estimation of nearly monodisperse spherical particles in the multivalued region: A reminiscence (1989)

For the size estimation of large, nearly monodisperse spherical particles, the forward angle dissymmetry technique (FAD) has been used and the results compared with data obtained by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and integral turbidity ratio (ITR) methods. Starting with a certain relative particle size which depends on the chosen angle pair, the FAD functions go through several extremes and become multivalued. The possibility of the particle size estimation under such conditions and, also, without the knowledge of actual particle concentration (but knowing the relative refractive index), is discussed in this paper.
A parametric segmentation functor for fully automatic and scalable array content analysis (2011)

We introduce FunArray, a parametric segmentation abstract domain functor for the fully automatic and scalable analysis of array content properties. The functor enables a natural, painless and efficient lifting of existing abstract domains for scalar variables to the analysis of uniform compound data-structures such as arrays and collections. The analysis automatically and semantically divides arrays into consecutive non-overlapping possibly empty segments. Segments are delimited by sets of bound expressions and abstracted uniformly. All symbolic expressions appearing in a bound set are equal in the concrete. The FunArray can be naturally combined via reduced product with any existing analysis for scalar variables. The analysis is presented as a general framework parameterized by the choices of bound expressions, segment abstractions and the reduction operator. Once the functor has been instantiated with fixed parameters, the analysis is fully automatic. We first prototyped FunArray in Arrayal to adjust and experiment with the abstractions and the algorithms to obtain the appropriate precision/ratio cost. Then we implemented it into Clousot, an abstract interpretation-based static contract checker for .NET. We empirically validated the precision and the performance of the analysis by running it on the main libraries of .NET and on its own code. We were able to infer thousands of non-trivial invariants and verify the implementation with a modest overhead (circa 1%). To the best of our knowledge this is the first analysis of this kind applied to such a large code base, and proven to scale.
A new multi-scale sequential data fusion scheme (2008)

Researches on multi-scale data fusion have become a hot topic in data fusion field. However, limited by the constraint that signal to implement wavelet transform must have the length of 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> , data fusion problem involved non-2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> sampled observation data still hasnpsilat been efficiently solved. In this paper, we aim to develop a new sequential fusion scheme by designing the stacked observation model for hybrid wavelet-Kalman filter based sequential data fusion method for the fusion of non-2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> sampled multi-sensor dynamic system by analyzing the possible observation structure of non-2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> sampled sensor. Simulation of three sensors with sampling interval 1, 2 and 3 shows the efficiency of this scheme.
An ex vivo culture model of kidney podocyte injury reveals mechanosensitive, synaptopodin-templating, sarcomere-like structures (2022)

Chronic kidney diseases are widespread and incurable. The biophysical mechanisms underlying them are unclear, in part because material systems for reconstituting the microenvironment of relevant kidney cells are limited. A critical question is how kidney podocytes (glomerular epithelial cells) regenerate foot processes of the filtration apparatus following injury. Recently identified sarcomere-like structures (SLSs) with periodically spaced myosin IIA and synaptopodin appear in injured podocytes in vivo. We hypothesized that SLSs template synaptopodin in the initial stages of recovery in response to microenvironmental stimuli and tested this hypothesis by developing an ex vivo culture system that allows control of the podocyte microenvironment. Results supported our hypothesis. SLSs in podocytes that migrated from isolated kidney glomeruli presented periodic synaptopodin-positive clusters that nucleated peripheral, foot process-like extensions. SLSs were mechanoresponsive to actomyosin inhibitors and substrate stiffness. Results suggest SLSs as mechanobiological mediators of podocyte recovery and as potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Abstract 252: Tumor treating fields (TTFields) affect blood brain barrier (BBB) integrityin vitroandin vivo (2019)

Background: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) may impede application of drugs to the brain for treatment of malignant brain tumors, in particular glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Alternating electric fields with intermediate frequency and low intensity, called Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields), are an established novel adjuvant treatment modality for GBM. Here, the effect of TTFields on BBB permeability is analyzed.Material and Methods: After TTFields treatment with a frequency of 100-300 kHz for up to 72 h, immortalized murine brain capillary endothelial cells (cerebEND) grown on cover slips and transwell inserts were stained for immunofluorescent assessment of the tight junction proteins Claudin-5 and ZO-1. Transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) was applied to investigate BBB integrity. Moreover, BBB permeability was determined by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) staining followed by flow cytometry. For in vivo analysis, the increase in vessel permeability was quantified by utilizing i.v. injected Evans Blue (EB) in rats during TTFields application to the brain (100 kHz, 72 h).Results: The BBB was disturbed by treatment with TTFields as tight junction proteins were delocalized from the cell boundaries to the cytoplasm with maximal effects at 100 kHz. TTFields application significantly reduced the BBB integrity by 65% and significantly increased the BBB permeability for 4 kDa large molecules. Initial recovery of the cell morphology was observed 48 h post-treatment and a complete recovery could be detected after 96 h, indicating a reversibility of the TTFields effect on the BBB. Average accumulation of EB in the rat brain was significantly increased by TTFields application to the rats head.Conclusion: In the future, TTFields could be utilized to deliver drugs generally unable to cross the BBB to the central nervous system as TTFields at a frequency of 100 kHz are potentially able to disrupt the BBB. The data presented on in vitro and in vivo application of TTFields to permeabilize the BBB may be a rationale for a phase I clinical trial and clinical application in the future.Citation Format: Almuth F. Kessler, Clara M. Schaeffer, Malgorzata Burek, Ursula Ruschig, Catherine Tempel-Brami, Tali Voloshin, Moshe Giladi, Ellaine Salvador, Ralf-Ingo Ernestus, Mario Löhr, Carola Förster, Carsten Hagemann. Tumor treating fields (TTFields) affect blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity in vitro and in vivo [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 252.
Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Expression in High-Grade But Not Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas (1998)

The products of the MTS1/CDKN2 and retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor genes, pl6 and pRB, act as agonists in controlling the late G1 cell cycle checkpoint. Inactivation of either gene occurs in a wide range of human malignant neoplasms. Data on the expression of both genes in the same set of malignant lymphoid neoplasms are scarce. We studied the pl6/pRB pathway in low-grade and high-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, using immunohistochemical techniques. Paraffin sections of 9 reactive lymph nodes and 43 low-grade and 60 high-grade malignant lymphomas were reacted with antibodies against pRB and pl6. All benign lymph nodes showed a normal pattern of RB and MTS1ICDKN2 expression. Of 101 evaluable lymphomas, only a single high-grade tumor displayed loss of RB reactivity. Loss of pl6 was identified in 14 of 55 evaluable high-grade lymphomas but not in any of the low-grade lesions. All but 3 of the RB- and pl6-negative cases were diffuse large cell lymphomas, for an abnormality rate of 55% in this category. While loss of RB function was a rare event in human lymphomagenesis, pl6 was absent in some 25% of high-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas; diffuse large cell lymphomas were the primary target of tumor suppressor gene inactivation.
Ca2+ requirement of prostanoid but not of superoxide production by rat Kupffer cells (1988)

The release of the prostanoids prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane induced by zymosan and phorbol ester in cultured rat Kupffer cells was found to depend on the extracellular concentration of Ca2+ to some extent. Prostanoid formation following the addition of the calcium ionophore A 23187 was totally inhibited when calcium ions were withdrawn from the medium whereas the prostanoid synthesis from added arachidonic acid was independent of Ca2+. A half-maximal rate of PGE2 release by cells treated with zymosan, phorbol ester or A23187 was obtained at 0.6-0.7 microM free extracellular Ca2+ and greater than or equal to 100 microM free Ca2+ was required to stimulate PGE2 formation maximally. The calmodulin antagonist R24571 partially inhibited the release of PGE2 elicited by zymosan and A23187 but not by phorbol ester or arachidonic acid. Verapamil and nifedipine, two calcium channel blockers, had no effect on the formation of PGE2 irrespective of the stimulus. TMB 8 [3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid 8-(diethylamino)-octyl ester] an intracellular calcium antagonist, inhibited the synthesis of PGE2 induced by zymosan and phorbol ester. The superoxide formation following the addition of zymosan and phorbol ester was not influenced by removal of calcium ions from the medium or by addition of the various calcium antagonists. The data presented here suggest that Ca2+-dependent reactions are involved in the synthesis of prostanoids induced by zymosan and phorbol ester and that both extracellular Ca2+ and mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores are needed to induce maximally the production of prostanoids in cultured rat Kupffer cells.
Sequential Pathological Study of Experimental Porcine Adenovirus Enteritis (1982)

The sequential enteric lesions of experimental porcine adenovirus strain 6618 infection were studied in 18 hysterotomy-derived, colostrum-deprived piglets, by histology, transmission electron microscopy, and an immunoperoxidase technique. Viral particles could be seen in altered epithelial cells of the lower small intestine from 24 hours until 16 days after inoculation. With the immunoperoxidase technique, viral antigen could be found in epithelial cells at 45 days after challenge. Destruction of epithelial cells and shortening of villi could be related directly to the presence of the virus. Histology of the lower jejunum and ileum, which demonstrates intranuclear inclusion bodies, is proposed as a useful diagnostic technique.
Survival and integration of bovine chromaffin cells transplanted into rat central nervous system without exogenous trophic factors (1992)

Our previous studies have demonstrated that suspension grafts of isolated bovine chromaffin cells survive in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) of rat midbrain for up to 1 year after transplantation. The current study aimed to determine whether this type of graft could survive transplantation into sites other than the PAG that can benefit from chromaffin cell secretory products. In this study, electron microscope analysis showed that chromaffin cells implanted into the frontal neocortex, striatum, PAG, or the subarachnoid space overlying the spinal cord survived for at least 8 weeks without evidence of degeneration. Intraparenchymally placed grafts appeared relatively avascular and well integrated within the host parenchyma. When blood vessels were found, they were primarily at the host-graft border and were of the nonfenestrated central nervous system (CNS) type. Numerous synapses were present between the grafted cells and host neuronal processes. In addition, extensive intercommunication, via gap junction-like structures, was common in the grafts. Morphologic evidence of granular secretion was most commonly seen in striatal grafts. In contrast, subarachnoid grafts displayed minimal interaction with the host spinal tissue and were heavily vascularized with fenestrated capillaries. Despite morphologic differences between intra- and extraparenchymal grafts, this study demonstrates that isolated suspensions of bovine chromaffin cells survive transplantation into CNS sites without exogenous trophic factors and suggests that these cells are potential candidates for neural transplantation into these regions.
Serum homocysteine is associated with the severity of primary chronic venous disease (2015)

Serum homocysteine is positively associated with the severity of primary chronic venous disease and therefore could play a role in promoting chronic venous disease complications.
Dynamic Filtration of Bentonite Muds Under Different Flow Conditions (1988)

ABSTRACT The variation of key parameters describing the dynamic fluid loss behaviour of two water-based drilling muds, barite-weighted and unweighted, has been systematically investigated in an annular flow dynamic filtration cell designed to provide well-controlled laminar flows over a wall shear rate typical of those in the wellbore during drilling. An axial section of the cell inner wall is formed from a 10 millidarcy ceramic filter. The permeability and low particle penetration decouples the cake filtration from formation invasion or formation damage effects. A variable annulus gap was designed to reveal possible Reynolds number effects as well as the dominant wall shear rate effects. Numerous dynamic fluid loss histories at a filtration pressure of 280 p.s.i. (1.93 MPa) (typical duration 22 hours) show that the fluid loss can be described by three key parameters: one describing the early (‘quasi-static’) behaviour, a second describing the late (‘dynamic’) behaviour of near-constant fluid loss rate, and thirdly a timescale for the transition between these two regimes. The variation of these parameters with mud flow wall shear rates between 50 and 650 s−1 has been quantified empirically. The early behaviour is virtually independent of shear, but the timescale for transition to ‘dynamic’ behaviour decreases sharply with increasing shear rate from 5 hours to about 14 hour. The final ‘dynamic’ fluid loss rate correlates approximately with the 0.6 power of the shear rate; other theoretically postulated variations are not supported. The irreversible deposition of mudcake under dynamic conditions reported by others has also been observed. The results have direct application to the modelling of fluid loss in drilling and in well completions. The quantitative laws obtained have also enabled some discrimination to be made between theoretical models for the fundamental mechanisms of mud particle deposition and erosion.
Effective color interpolation in CCD color filter array using signal correlation (2002)

We propose an effective color filter array interpolation method for digital still cameras using a simple image model that correlates the R, G, B channels. The main contribution of this paper is that we propose a low complexity interpolation method to improve the image quality. Simulation results verify that the proposed method obtain superior image quality. The G channel of the proposed method outperforms the bilinear method by 6.34 dB, and the R, B channels have a 7.69 dB improvement in average. Furthermore, the complexity of the proposed method is acceptable compared with the existing methods.
Induction Machine Characterization for Short-Term or Momentary Stall Torque (2014)

The conventional wisdom on peak-duty drive design leads to vastly oversized machines, following design strategies that are based on continuous ratings. This paper investigates induction machine time ratings that allow peak electrical capabilities to be fully attained. The machine transient thermal response is used to identify four heating regimes based on the dominant heat-transfer mode: subtransient, transition, transient, and temperature creep. A strong connection between the subtransient mode and i <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> t ratings is presented. The impacts of stator and rotor losses on the end-winding temperature are independently identified. This information is combined into a transient thermal impedance characteristic, which provides time ratings as a function of stator and rotor losses with less than 10% error. This method is also adapted for unbalanced supply conditions and rotor-related excess heating conditions with similar error. An implementation of time rating information on a drive system is shown to exploit machine peak ratings. The presented characterizations inform the short-term peak energy density of induction machines.
26-mJ pulse energy Q-switched large-pitch fiber laser system with excellent beam quality (2012)

In this work we report on what we believe is the highest pulse energy obtained from an effectively single-mode Qswitched fiber laser system to date. This result has been obtained using rare-earth-doped double-clad large-pitch fibers which are able to delocalize the higher-order transverse modes from the active region of the core. We have built an actively Q-switched oscillator consisting of a 1.3m long large-pitch fiber with a mode field diameter of 50&mu;m. This oscillator delivered pulses with 500&mu;J energy at a repetition rate of 5kHz. These seed pulses have been amplified in two fiber amplifiers which were pumped at 976nm. The pre-amplifier employs a 1.2m long large-pitch fiber with a mode field diameter of 80&mu;m and delivered 3.5mJ pulse energy. Then, a 135&mu;m core diameter large-pitch fiber was used as booster amplifier. Under high power operation the mode field diameter of this fiber is ~100&mu;m. The setup can deliver average powers of up to 130W, resulting in 26mJ pulses with pulse durations of ~50ns. Additionally, since this is an effective single-mode laser system, the beam quality is close to the diffraction-limit.
Optimization of the time delay in the UWB dual-pulse receiver (2011)

The channel capacity performance of ultra-wide bandwidth systems using the dual-pulse receiver is optimized with respect to the time delay between the reference and adjacent data pulses. Approximate and theoretical expressions for the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio are derived. Numerical results show that the optimized receiver can provide a significant capacity improvement of up to 3.4 bits/Sec/GHz.
Novel hybrid electric motor glider-quadrotor MAV for in-flight/V-STOL launching (2014)

This work presents a novel lightweight electric UAV that features fixed-wing motor glider aircraft and quadrotor helicopter capabilities. This paper presents the hybrid concept, design, evaluation and operation of a MAV (Mini Aerial Vehicle) named Sharky, fully designed and crafted by ART (Aerial Robots Team), which may be a versatile flying robot to broaden the scope of a great number of autonomous/tele-operated missions. To illustrate, Sharky may be potentially useful on precise positioning of sensors/equipment at any point in water/ground/air areas. The MAV may aid atmospheric sensing, water sample collecting, precise positioning of sensor for agriculture, surveillance of restricted/non-structured areas, such as post-disaster sites. The aircraft is morphologically and aerodynamically shaped to perform well defined and specific features, e.g., 1) in-flight stable launching from a carrier, 2) gliding ability, 3) powered flight (motor-glider), 4) transition between glider and quadrotor (and vice versa) and 5) base level launching either as a quadrotor or a motor glider. Sharky transition (glider/quadrotor/glider) may be achieved at anytime during the mission. The aircraft center of mass is slightly shifted to offer gliding/motor gliding stability. Because it is a quadrotor, Sharky may either work as an inverted pendulum problem. Thus, translations and rotations are easily achieved using part of the potential energy from center of mass unbalance. Still, Sharky is easily able to return back to glider/motor glider configuration by using the same principle. That helps minimizing brushless motors usage and, therefore, battery consumption. Dynamic models are presented and analyzed. Sharky stability and controllability are first evaluated in VLM/Panels software. Secondly, wind tunnel analysis are run.