gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Malaysian Matriculation Student’s Factors in Choosing University and Undergraduate Program (2012)

The purpose of this study is to identify the influencing factors in selecting a university and course program among Malaysian matriculation students. The study was conducted at two matriculation colleges in south Malaysia. Questionnaire was distributed to students from Negeri Sembilan Matriculation College (NSMC) and Malacca Matriculation College (MMC). These matriculation students are selected because they are in the position of making decision to pursue their studies at tertiary level upon completing the matriculation program. The numbers of students from the matriculation program that pursue to the Malaysia Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) are comparatively higher than the numbers of students from Malaysia Certificate of Higher Education (MCHE) and diploma program. The study found that the suitability of study program with their personalities, career opportunities and interest were significantly influenced them in choosing the university and course program. Therefore, some strategies and efforts are recommended for the engineering faculty of UKM to acquire better students in the future.
The Adolescent Visually Impaired Female (1983)

The authors examine the complexities of being an adolescent visually impaired female. The need for parental and professional support during these critical years is emphasized. Practical suggestions for intervention are offered.
Facile one-pot access to π-conjugated polymers via sequential bromination/direct arylation polycondensation (2017)

The synthesis of π-conjugated polymers starting from unfunctionalized aromatic monomers <italic>via</italic> sequential bromination/direct arylation polycondensation was investigated.
[Analysis of cross-linked fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products with SDS-PAGE and immunoblot]. (1990)

SDS-PAGE and immunoblot technique with anti-FDP-D, -FDP-E, -fibrinogen antibody or anti-FDP-DD monoclonal antibody were applied to analyze FDP fragments prepared from cross-linked fibrin and fibrinogen with plasmic digestion in vitro. FDP fragments of DY(260K), DD(187K), X(245K), Y(166K), D(77K, 97K), E1(58K), E2(46K) and E3(40K) were identified from data of molecular weight and reactivity to four antibodies referred to reports of other investigators. Serum FDP fragments from five DIC suspected patients were analyzed by the same methods. In two patients' sera, DD fragment was a main component, and in the other three patients' sera, D fragment was a main fraction. Proportions of high molecular weight fragments of FDP were considerably different in patients' sera. Appearance of D fragment in our cases was considered to be derived from unstable fibrin (fibrin monomer and dimer) rather than from fibrinogen. Molecular weight of DD fragments from patients' sera had heterogeneity (160 approximately 180K), and the values were different from that (187K) prepared from cross-linked fibrin. In conclusion, SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analysis of serum fragments of FDP will be an useful technique to investigate the clinical and pathological condition of DIC.
Identification of Palmitoylation Sites within the L-type Calcium Channel β2a Subunit and Effects on Channel Function (1996)

The hydrophilic beta2a subunit of the L-type calcium channel was recently shown to be a membrane-localized, post-translationally modified protein (Chien, A. J., Zhao, X. L., Shirokov, R. E., Puri, T. S., Chang, C. F., Sun, D. D., Rios, E., and Hosey, M. M. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 30036-30044). In this study, we demonstrate that the rat beta2a subunit was palmitoylated through a hydroxylamine-sensitive thioester linkage. Palmitoylation required a pair of cysteines in the N terminus, Cys3 and Cys4; mutation of these residues to serines resulted in mutant beta2a subunits that were unable to incorporate palmitic acid. Interestingly, a palmitoylation-deficient beta2a mutant still localized to membrane particulate fractions and was still able to target functional channel complexes to the plasma membrane similar to wild-type beta2a. However, channels formed with a palmitoylation-deficient beta2a subunit exhibited a dramatic decrease in ionic current per channel, indicating that although mutations eliminating palmitoylation did not affect channel targeting by the beta2a subunit, they were important determinants of channel modulation by the beta2a subunit. Three other known beta subunits that were analyzed were not palmitoylated, suggesting that palmitoylation could provide a basis for the regulation of L-type channels through modification of a specific beta isoform.
Effect of body mass index on ischemic and bleeding events in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes: insights from the START-ANTIPLATELET registry (2020)

Abstract Background The protective effect of obesity on mortality in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) patients remains debated. We aimed at evaluating the impact of obesity on ischemic and bleeding events as possible explanations to the obesity paradox in ACS patients. Methods For the purpose of this sub-study, patients enrolled in the START-ANTIPLATELET registry were stratified according to Body Mass Index (BMI) into three groups: normal, BMI &amp;lt;25kg/m2; overweight, BMI: 25–29.9kg/m2; obese, BMI ≥30kg/m2. The primary endpoint was net adverse clinical endpoints (NACE), defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and major bleeding. Results Patients were classified as follows: 410 (33.9%) normal, 538 (44.5%) overweight, 261 (21.6%) obese. Compared to the normal weight group, obese and overweight patients had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, but were younger, with a better left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and lower PRECISE-DAPT score. At one-year follow-up NACE was more frequently observed in normal than in overweight and obese patients (15.1%,8.6%,and9.6%, respectively; p=0.004), driven by a significantly higher rate of all-cause death (6.3%,2.6%, and 3.8%, respectively; p=0.008), while no significant differences were noted in terms of MI, stroke, and major bleeding. When correcting for confounding variables, BMI loses its power in independently predicting outcomes, failing to confirm the obesity paradox in a real-world ACS population. Conclusions Our study conflicts the obesity paradox in real-world ACS population, and suggest that the reduced mortality rate may be explained by a lower bleeding risk in obese patients allowing a more aggressive medical treatment, and by a better LVEF translating into a higher survival rate. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
Gas-phase association reactions of trimethylsilylium ((CH3)3Si+) with organic bases (1997)

This article is a review of the gas-phase association reactions of (CH3)3Si+ with organic bases. The reactions are considered under the headings of the three pressure regimes under which they are studied. ICR and FTICR studies, carried out at pressures of 10−5 and lower, allow insights into the stabilizations, collisional and radiative, and decompositions of the nascent adducts. At pressures around 2 Torr, chemical ionization studies demonstrate the utility and limitations of (CH3)3Si+ as a reagent ion, whereas high-pressure mass spectrometric and flowing afterglow experiments yield information on the thermodynamics of the association reactions. Information is also obtained on the stabilization of alkyl and vinyl cations by a (CH3)3Si group in a position β to the charge site. High pressure (∼ 1 atmosphere) γ-radiolytic experiments give detailed information of the neutral products formed via the association reactions and also yield relative rate data for inter- and intramolecular processes that occur in the energy-rich adducts prior to collisional stabilization and neutralization. The ease of experimentation with R3Si+ in the gas phase is contrasted with the difficulty of its recognition and observation in the condensed phase. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Mass Spectrom Rev 16(1), 25–49, 1997
Central Nervous System Aspergillosis (2012)

Central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis is a highly fatal infection. We review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and outcome of this infection and present a case series of 14 consecutive patients with CNS aspergillosis admitted to Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) from 2000 to 2011. We also review 123 cases reported in the literature during that time. We included only proven CNS aspergillosis cases conforming to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) definitions of invasive fungal infections. In the MGH case series, neutropenia, hematologic malignancies, autoimmune diseases requiring steroid treatment, and solid organ transplantation were the predominant comorbid conditions. Notably, all MGH patients were immunosuppressed, and more than half (n = 8) had a history of previous brain injury, unrelated to their index hospitalization. For most MGH patients (11 of 14), the lung was the primary focus of aspergillosis, while 2 had paranasal sinus involvement, and 1 had primary Aspergillus discitis. Among reported cases, paranasal sinuses (27.6%) and the lung (26.8%) were the primary foci of infection, whereas 22% of those cases had no obvious primary organ involvement. Although a selection bias should be considered, especially among published cases, our findings suggest that patients who underwent neurosurgery had improved survival, with MGH and literature patients having 25% and 28.6% mortality, respectively, compared to 100% and 60.4%, respectively, among patients who received only medical treatment. Although this was not the case among MGH patients, CNS aspergillosis can affect patients without significant immune suppression, as indicated by the high number of reported immunocompetent cases. In conclusion, mortality among CNS aspergillosis patients remains high, and the infection may be more common among patients with previous brain pathology. When indicated, neurosurgical procedures may improve prognosis.
Heat Liberation and Transmission in Large Steam-Generating Plants (1933)

The demand for heavier duties and exacting guarantees of performance which has accompanied recent developments in steam-raising plants, has necessitated closer inquiry into the fundamental principles on which their performance depends. The authors present their views on certain aspects of the subject. These have been formed as a result of experience, combined with a consideration of the work of laboratory investigators. It would appear that important facts revealed by laboratory research do not always receive the attention due to them, and frequently erroneous ideas persist for years without question. The paper discusses the function of the chain grate mechanical stoker with particular reference to the subject of furnace design and secondary air application. It deals with the effect on the size and cost of equipment generally, which would result from a closer observance of the laws of heat transfer and frictional loss in flowing gases, and discusses particularly the phenomenon of delayed heat release in flue gases and the effect of this in boiler plant performance. The cause and prevention of air heater corrosion is dealt with, and the results of investigations into the dew point temperature of flue gases are given.
871. The synthesis of 8-isopropylpodocarpane-6,7-diol (6-hydroxytotarol) and of 7,8-dimethoxypodocarpane (1961)

N. F. Elmore and T. J. King, J. Chem. Soc., 1961, 4425 DOI: 10.1039/JR9610004425
A study of factuality, objectivity and relevance (2016)

Much of the information processed by Information Retrieval (IR) systems is unreliable, biased, and generally untrust-worthy [15, 45, 48]. Yet, factuality & objectivity detection is not a standard component of IR systems, even though it has been possible in Natural Language Processing (NLP) in the last decade. Motivated by this, we ask if and how factuality & objectivity detection may benefit IR. We answer this in two parts. First, we use state-of-the-art NLP to compute the probability of document factuality & objectivity in two TREC collections, and analyse its relation to document relevance. We find that factuality is strongly and positively correlated to document relevance, but objectivity is not. Second, we study the impact of factuality & objectivity to retrieval effectiveness by treating them as query independent features that we combine with a competitive language modelling baseline. Experiments with 450 TREC queries show that factuality improves precision by more than 10% over strong baselines, especially for the type of uncurated data typically used in web search; objectivity gives mixed results. An overall clear trend is that document factuality & objectivity is much more beneficial to IR when searching uncurated (e.g. web) documents vs. curated (e.g. state documentation and newswire articles).
Effect of camera separation on the viewing experience of stereoscopic photographs (2012)

This study presents a geometric and subjective analysis of typical mobile stereoscopic 3-D images. The geometry of the stereoscopic pipeline from the scene to the eyes of the viewer is a highly relevant issue in stereoscopic media. One important factor is camera separation, because it can be used to control the perceived depth of stereoscopic images. The geometric analysis included consideration of disparity and roundness factor within typical mobile stereoscopic imaging scenes. These geometric properties of stereoscopic 3-D images were compared to subjective evaluations by varying camera separation in different scenes. The participants in this study evaluated the strength and naturalness of depth sensation and the overall viewing experience from still images with the single-stimulus method. The results showed that participants were able to perceive the change of depth range even though the images were shown in random order without a reference depth scale. The highest naturalness of depth sensation and viewing experience were achieved with 2 cm to 6 cm camera separation in every content. With these preferred camera separations, the disparity range was less than ±1 deg⁡ and cardboard effect (quantified with roundness factor) did not negatively affect the naturalness of depth sensation.
Controlled production of emulsion drops using an electric field in a flow-focusing microfluidic device (2007)

We describe a flexible emulsification method using an electric field to generate droplets in a hydrodynamic-flow-focusing geometry in microchannels. The droplet size is controlled by the ratio of inner and outer flow rates as well as by the electric field. As the voltage increases, the droplet size decreases. A Taylor cone is formed and generates very fine droplets, less than 1μm in diameter. Small inner flow rates and high electric fields are required to form a stable Taylor cone in a dc electric field. An ac electric field produces tiny droplets periodically.
Proliferation and cell death of human glioblastoma cells after carbon‐ion beam exposure: Morphologic and morphometric analyses (2008)

Histological analyses of glioblastoma cells after carbon-ion exposure are still limited and ultrastructural characteristics have not been investigated in detail. Here we report the results of morphological and morphometric analyses of a human glioblastoma cell line, CGNH-89, after ionizing radiation to characterize the effect of a carbon-beam on glioblastoma cells. Using CGNH-89 cells exposed to 0-10 Gy of X-ray (140 kVp) or carbon-ions (18.3 MeV/nucleon, LET=108 keV/microm), we performed conventional histology and immunocytochemistry with MIB-1 antibody, transmission electron microscopy, and computer-assisted, nuclear size measurements. CGNH-89 cells with a G to A transition in codon 280 in exon 8 of the TP53 gene had nuclei with pleomorphism, marked nuclear atypia and brisk mitotic activity. After carbon-ion and X-ray exposure, living cells showed decreased cell number, nuclear condensation, increased atypical mitotic figures, and a tendency of cytoplasmic enlargement at the level of light microscopy. The deviation of the nuclear area size increased during 48 h after irradiation, while the small cell fraction increased in 336 h. In glioblastoma cells of the control, 5 Gy carbon-beam, and 10 Gy carbon-beam, and MIB-1 labeling index decreased in 24 h (12%, 11%, 7%, respectively) but increased in 48 h (10%, 20%, 21%, respectively). Ultrastructurally, cellular enlargement seemed to depend on vacuolation, swelling of mitochondria, and increase of cellular organelles, such as the cytoskeleton and secondary lysosome. We could not observe apoptotic bodies in the CGNH-89 cells under any conditions. We conclude that carbon-ion irradiation induced cell death and senescence in a glioblastoma cell line with mutant TP53. Our results indicated that the increase of large cells with enlarged and bizarre nuclei, swollen mitochondria, and secondary lysosome occurred in glioblastoma cells after carbon-beam exposure.
Spin-Singlet Transition in the Magnetic Hybrid Compound from a Spin-Crossover Fe(III) Cation and π-Radical Anion (2017)

To develop a new spin-crossover functional material, a magnetic hybrid compound [Fe(qsal)2][Ni(mnt)2] was designed and synthesized (Hqsal = N-(8-quinolyl)salicylaldimine, mnt = maleonitriledithiolate). The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility suggested the coexistence of the high-spin (HS) Fe(III) cation and π-radical anion at room temperature and a magnetic transition below 100 K. The thermal variation of crystal structures revealed that strong π-stacking interaction between the π-ligand in the [Fe(qsal)2] cation and [Ni(mnt)2] anion induced the distortion of an Fe(III) coordination structure and the suppression of a dimerization of the [Ni(mnt)2] anion. Transfer integral calculations indicated that the magnetic transition below 100 K originated from a spin-singlet formation transformation in the [Ni(mnt)2] dimer. The magnetic relaxation of Mössbauer spectra and large thermal variation of a g-value in electron paramagnetic resonance spectra below the magnetic transition temperature implied the existence of a magnetic correlation between d-spin and π-spin.
Enhanced Dissociation of HLA-DR-Bound Peptides in the Presence of HLA-DM (1996)

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DM is a critical participant in antigen presentation that catalyzes the release of class II-associated invariant chain-derived peptides (CLIP) from newly synthesized class II histocompatibility molecules, freeing the peptide-binding site for acquisition of antigenic peptides. The mechanism for the selective release of CLIP but not other peptides is unknown. DM was found to enhance the rate of peptide dissociation to an extent directly proportional to the intrinsic rate of peptide dissociation from HLA-DR, regardless of peptide sequence. Thus, CLIP is rapidly released in the presence of DM, because its intrinsic rate of dissociation is relatively high. In antigen presentation, DM has the potential to markedly enhance the rate of peptide exchange, favoring the presentation of peptides with slower intrinsic rates of dissociation.
Impact evaluation of DDoS and Malware attack using IoT devices (2021)

Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks deny access to infrastructures of service providers. These attacks can arise anytime, anywhere, and with little or no warning at all. Most of the small and medium businesses (SMBs) are not able to handle a significant outage, which may be fatal for the companies. These attacks generate damage to enterprises due to service provisioning interruption, which increases the chances of financial losses, and the system’s unavailability. Therefore, to overcome these issues, the companies must possess a bandwidth higher than the attacker, redundant components in their infrastructure, regular backups, firewalls, other proactive and reactive mechanisms for threat monitoring. This chapter explores DDoS and Malware attacks that employ the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Hierarchical modeling is commonly used to evaluate the availability of such systems. This chapter also assesses the DDoS attack impacts and Malware in IoT devices. It was proposed models based on attack trees that produce the system and components behavior to determine the DDoS and Malware attack effects on system availability; still, it was verified metrics of interest as the likelihood of an attack, attacker benefit, feasibility, and pain factor. The attack tree indicators show the impact of the concurrent attacks using vulnerable IoT devices on a computer system, which can cause a system’s downtime. Using the attack tree analysis, we allow planning and improving the system’s availability, maintainability, and reliability. The obtained results show that DDoS attacks orchestrated by IoT devices correlate negatively with Malware and affect the system’s availability and services.
Risk factors for hypopharyngeal/upper esophageal stricture formation after concurrent chemoradiation (2006)

Symptomatic strictures occur in 21% of patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiation for HNSCC. Female sex, BID radiation fractionation, and a hypopharyngeal primary site are significant predictive factors for stricture formation.
Zlepšení opakovatelnosti SALD ICP MS analýzy pomocí substrátu ošetřeného studeným plazmatem (2018)

Laserova desorpce za ucasti substratu (SALD) spojena s ICP MS poskytuje přimou a rychlou analýzu kapalných vzorků nanesených na polymerni substrat ve formě vyschlých kapek. Limitaci teto techniky je nizka opakovatelnost stanoveni – hodnoty RSD se pohybuji kolem 30 % . Zvýsit opakovatelnost stanoveni lze např. přidavkem vhodneho interniho standardu a osetřenim substratu difuznim koplanarnim povrchovým barierovým výbojem (DCSBD). Nevýhodou teto techniky je výskyt „efektu starnuti”, tj. pozvolný navrat modifikovaných fyzikalně-chemických vlastnosti povrchu substratu do původniho stavu.
Durability and Damage Development in Woven Ceramic Matrix Composites (2001)

Damage development in woven SiC/SiNC ceramic matrix composites (CMC's) under tensile and cyclic loading both at room and elevated temperatures have been investigated for the exhaust nozzle of high-efficient turbine engines. The ultimate strength, failure strain, proportional limit and modulus data at a temperature range of 23 to 1250 C are generated. The tensile strength of SiC/SiNC woven composites have been observed to increase with increased temperatures up to 1000 C. The stress/strain plot shows a pseudo-yield point at 25 percent of the failure strain (epsilon(sub r)) which indicates damage initiation in the form of matrix cracking. The evolution of damage beyond 0.25 epsilon(sub f), both at room and elevated temperature comprises multiple matrix cracking, interfacial debonding, and fiber pullout. Although the nature of the stress/strain plot shows damage-tolerant behavior under static loading both at room and elevated temperature, the life expectancy of SiC/SiNC composites degrades significantly under cyclic loading at elevated temperature. This is mostly due to the interactions of fatigue damage caused by the mechanically induced plastic strain and the damage developed by the creep strain. The in situ damage evolutions are monitored by acoustic event parameters, ultrasonic C-scan and stiffness degradation. Rate equations for modulus degradation and fatigue life prediction of ceramic matrix composites both at room and elevated temperatures are developed. These rate equations are observed to show reasonable agreement with experimental results.
[Data Set] East Fork Poplar Creek Discharge at Kilometer 16.2 Water Year 2020 (2021)

This data set reports stream discharge and water temperature for East Fork Poplar Creek at a location approximately 16.2 kilometers upstream from the mouth of the creek.
A new species of the genus Vandellia (Linderniaceae) from Thailand (2014)

Vandellia yamazakii, a new species of Linderniaceae from western Thailand, is described and illustrated.