gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extraordinary ductility enhancement of Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy achieved by electropulsing treatment (2022)

Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr (JDBM) alloy was studied as a candidate for biodegradable implant material because of its moderate mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and favorable uniform degradation behavior. To verify whether JDBM alloy exhibits electroplasticity effect and then study the mechanism of electropulsing treatment on JDBM alloy, in this study, homogenized and pre-tensile deformed samples were treated by electropulsing. After the electropulsing treatment, the average grain size was refined due to recrystallization, micron-scale Mg12Nd secondary phases precipitated slightly, while the morphology of nanoscale Zr particles changed from rodlike to ellipsoidal shape. The elongation to failure (EL) increased obviously for the homogenized and pre-tensile deformed JDBM alloy samples after electropulsing treatment, accompanying with no obvious sacrifice of the yield strength (YS) for the former and an evident decrease of YS for the latter, mainly due to the reduction of the dislocation density. The YS decrement and EL increment (77.57%) for the latter are more apparent attributed to the higher density of dislocations introduced by pre-tensile deformation. Therefore, the electropulsing treatment can obviously improve the mechanical properties of JDBM alloy, especially for the plasticity. The present work opens a new window for the fabrication of JDBM alloy profiles with high mechanical properties, especially for the plasticity, such as the cold drawing wires and tubes for biomedical applications. It also could provide theoretical references for other magnesium alloy processing.
An electrochemical immunosensor for quantitative detection of ficolin-3 (2016)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders in the world, of which more than 90% is type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is a rather urgent need for reliable, sensitive and quick detection techniques in clinical application of T2DM. Ficolin-3 is a potential biomarker of T2DM, because serum ficolin-3 levels are associated with insulin resistance and predict the incidence of T2DM. Herein, a sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor was developed for the detection of ficolin-3 in human serum. Cyclic voltammetry and the amperometric current versus time were used to characterize the performance of the immunosensor. Under optimal conditions, the detection limitation of ficolin-3 was 100 ng ml(-1) and the linear dynamic range was between 2 and 50 μg ml(-1). The method has ideal accuracy, excellent stability and selectivity and has wide application prospects in clinical research.
Sensory-Directed Identification of Taste-Active Ellagitannins in American (Quercus albaL.) and European Oak Wood (Quercus roburL.) and Quantitative Analysis in Bourbon Whiskey and Oak-Matured Red Wines (2006)

Aimed at increasing our knowledge on the sensory-active nonvolatiles migrating from oak wood into alcoholic beverages upon cooperaging, an aqueous ethanolic extract prepared from oak wood chips (Quercus alba L.) was screened for its key taste compounds by application of the taste dilution analysis. Purification of the compounds perceived with the highest sensory impacts, followed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry as well as one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR experiments, revealed the ellagitannins vescalagin, castalagin, and grandinin, the roburins A-E, and 33-deoxy-33-carboxyvescalagin as the key molecules imparting an astringent oral sensation. To the best of our knowledge, 33-deoxy-33-carboxyvescalagin has as yet not been reported as a phytochemical in Q. alba L. In addition, the sensory activity of these ellagitannins was determined for the first time on the basis of their human threshold concentrations and dose/response functions. Furthermore, the ellagitannins have been quantitatively determined in extracts prepared from Q. alba L. and Quercus robur L., respectively, as well as in bourbon whiskey and oak-matured red wines, and the sensory contribution of the individual compounds has been evaluated for the first time on the basis of dose/activity considerations.
Efficient Electron Injection Mechanism in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using an Ultra Thin Layer of Low-Work-Function Metals (2003)

To achieve efficient electron injection in organic light-emitting diodes, we examine ultra thin layers (0.50 nm) of the low-work-function metals, Cs (1.9eV), Rb (2.2eV), K (2.3eV), Na (2.4eV), Li (2.9eV), and Ca (2.9eV) capped with aluminum (Al) as a cathode layer. While all the alkali metals show a decrease of driving voltage compared with a single Al cathode, the Cs layer especially shows a significant decrease, and we obtain a high current density of 1.9 A/cm2 at an applied voltage of only 10V by using this layer. We demonstrate that efficient electron injection is achieved when we use a Cs layer with a thickness of less than 3 nm, although electron injection efficiency abruptly decreases when using a Cs layer thicker than 3 nm. From the Cs thickness dependence of current-voltage characteristics, we conclude that Cs atoms form an alloy layer with aluminum atoms at the organic/Al cathode interface, organic layer/Cs:Al/Al, that significantly enhances electron injection compared with that obtained from bulk Cs layers.
Micromachining with a High Repetition Rate Femtosecond Fiber Laser (2008)

Industrial micromachining applications with ultrashort pulse lasers are often difficult to make practical due to the lack of robustness of the laser and the slow processing speed resulting from the low repetition rate. In the past, amplified, femtosecond lasers produced high pulse energies, but at a slow pulse repetition rate of around a kHz. The high repetition rate oscillators did not have enough pulse energy for micromachining of most industrial materials.
Web-based supervisory control of mobile robots (2002)

We show the BGen-Web proof-of-concept application. It allows the supervisory control of a mobile robot using a Web-based interface. All the software has been developed using the Java language and different APIs. In this application the user receives video feedback and experiences highly interactive sessions. Other Web-based telerobotics systems are analysed and compared with our system.
Steam reforming and oxidative steam reforming of methanol over CuO-CeO 2 catalysts (2009)

Steam reforming (SRM) and oxidative steam reforming of methanol (OSRM) were carried out over a series of coprecipitated CuO-CeO2 catalysts with varying copper content in the range of 30-80 at.% Cu (¼ 100 � Cu/(Cu þ Ce)). The effects of copper content, reaction temperature and O2 concentration on catalytic activity were investigated. The activity of CuO-CeO2 catalysts for SRM and OSRM increased with the copper content and 70 at.% CuO- CeO2 catalyst showed the highest activity in the temperature range of 160-300 � C for both SRM and OSRM. After SRM or OSRM, the copper species in the catalysts observed by XRD were mainly metallic copper with small amount of CuO and Cu2O, an indication that metallic copper is an active species in the catalysis of both SRM and OSRM. It was observed that the methanol conversion increased considerably with the addition of O2 into the feed stream, indicating that the partial oxidation of methanol (POM) is much faster than SRM. The optimum 70 at.% CuO-CeO2 catalyst showed stable activities for both SRM and OSRM reactions at 300 � C.
Solution-Based Synthesis and Characterization of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) Thin Films (2019)

Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub> (CZTS) ink was synthesized from metal chloride precursors, sulfur, and oleylamine (OLA), as a ligand by a simple and low-cost hot-injection method. Thin films of CZTS were then prepared by spin coating, followed by thermal annealing. The effects of the fabrication parameters, such as ink concentration, spinning rate, and thermal treatment temperatures on the morphology and structural, optical, and electrical properties of the films were investigated. As expected, very thin films, for which the level of transmittance and band-gap values increase, can be obtained either by reducing the concentration of the inks or by increasing the rate of spinning. Moreover, the thermal treatment affects the phase formation and crystallinity of the film, as well as the electrical conductivity, which decreases at a higher temperature.
Plasma Morphine and Morphine-6-Glucuronide During Chronic Morphine Therapy for Cancer Pain (1992)

PORTENOY, R. K.; FOLEY, K. M.; STULMAN, J.; KHAN, E.; ADELHARDT, J.; LAYMAN, M.; CERBONE, D. F.; INTURRISI, C. E.
Structure of the hydrogenation catalyst [(PP)Rh(NBD)]ClO4, PP = (.eta.5-(Me3C)2PC5H4)2Fe, and some comparative rate studies (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of the hydrogenation catalyst [(PP)Rh(NBD)]ClO4, PP = (.eta.5-(Me3C)2PC5H4)2Fe, and some comparative rate studiesWilliam R. Cullen, Tae Jeong Kim, Frederick W. B. Einstein, and Terry JonesCite this: Organometallics 1983, 2, 6, 714–719Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/om00078a004RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1145Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (686 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The future of ZnO light emitters (2004)

Compact, solid-state UV emitters have many potential applications, and ZnO-based materials are ideal for the wavelength range 390 nm and lower. However, the most efficient solid-state emitters are p–n junctions, and p-type ZnO is difficult to make. Thus, the future of ZnO light emitters depends on either producing low-resistivity p-type ZnO, or in mating n-type ZnO with a p-type hole injector. Perhaps the best device so far involves an n-ZnO/p-AlGaN/n-SiC structure, which produces intense 390 ± 1 nm emission at both 300 K and 500 K. However, development of p-ZnO is proceeding at a rapid pace, and a p–n homojunction should be available soon. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quality assurance in 3D dosimetry by optical-CT (2006)

In this paper we present a QA phantom and procedure designed for efficient evaluation of the basic imaging performance of any optical-CT scanning system. Example results are presented from two optical-CT systems, an in-house CCD based system and the OCTOPUSTM system from MGS Research.
Coherent interaction between free electrons and cavity photons (2019)

Since its inception, research of cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) has extended our understanding of light-matter interactions and our ability to utilize them. Thus far, all the work in this field has been focused on light interacting with bound electron systems - such as atoms, molecules, quantum dots, and quantum circuits. In contrast, markedly different physical phenomena are found in free-electron systems, the energy distribution of which is continuous and not discrete, implying tunable transitions and selection rules. In addition to their uses for electron microscopy, the interaction of free electrons with light enables important phenomena such as Cherenkov radiation, Compton scattering, and free-electron lasing. However, no experiment has shown the integration of free electrons into the framework of CQED, because the fundamental electron-light interaction is limited in strength and lifetime. This limit explains why many phenomena have remained out of reach for experiments with free electrons. In this work, we developed the platform for studying CQED at the nanoscale with free electrons and demonstrated it by observing their coherent interaction with cavity photons for the first time. We also directly measure the cavity photon lifetime via a free electron probe and show more than an order of magnitude enhancement in the electron-photon interaction strength. These capabilities may open new paths toward using free electrons as carriers of quantum information, even more so after strong coupling between free electrons and cavity photons will have been demonstrated. Efficient electron-cavity photon coupling could also allow new nonlinear phenomena of cavity opto-electro-mechanics and the ultrafast exploration of soft matter or other beam-sensitive materials using low electron current and low laser exposure.
Expression profiling and mutant analysis reveals complex regulatory networks involved in Arabidopsis response to Botrytis infection (2006)

The expression profiles of Botrytis-inoculated Arabidopsis plants were studied to determine the nature of the defense transcriptome and to identify genes involved in host responses to the pathogen. Normally resistant Arabidopsis wild-type plants were compared with coi1, ein2, and nahG plants that are defective in various defense responses and/or show increased susceptibility to Botrytis. In wild-type plants, the expression of 621 genes representing approximately 0.48% of the Arabidopsis transcriptome was induced greater than or equal to twofold after infection. Of these 621 Botrytis-induced genes (BIGs), 462 were induced at or before 36 h post-inoculation, and may be involved in resistance to the pathogen. The expression of 181 BIGs was dependent on a functional COI1 gene required for jasmonate signaling, whereas the expression of 63 and 80 BIGs were dependent on ethylene (ET) signaling or salicylic acid accumulation, respectively, based on results from ein2 and nahG plants. BIGs encode diverse regulatory and structural proteins implicated in pathogen defense and abiotic and oxidative-stress responses. Thirty BIGs encode putative DNA-binding proteins that belong to ET response, zinc-finger, MYB, WRKY, and HD-ZIP family transcription-factor proteins. Fourteen BIGs were studied in detail to determine their role in resistance to Botrytis. T-DNA insertion alleles of ZFAR1 (At2G40140), the gene encoding a putative zinc-finger protein with ankyrin-repeat domains, showed increased local susceptibility to Botrytis and sensitivity to germination in the presence of abscisic acid (ABA), supporting the role of ABA in mediating responses to Botrytis infection. In addition, two independent T-DNA insertion alleles in the WRKY70 gene showed increased susceptibility to Botrytis. The transcriptional activation of genes involved in plant hormone signaling and synthesis, removal of reactive oxygen species, and defense and abiotic-stress responses, coupled with the susceptibility of the wrky70 and zfar1 mutants, highlights the complex genetic network underlying defense responses to Botrytis in Arabidopsis.
Glycemic Control with Closed-Loop Intraperitoneal Insulin in Type I Diabetes (1986)

Blood glucose levels were compared in eight type I diabetic subjects who were given closed-loop infusions of insulin by intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intravenous (i.v.) routes, in a cross-over randomized study. After a test meal, plasma glucose peaks were significantly higher with i.p. than with i.v. infusion (174 +/- 22 versus 129 +/- 29 mg/dl) and marked hypoglycemia occurred after 180 min in five of eight subjects. These observations appear to be the consequence of a 60-min lag in insulin rise with i.p. administration. Because of this difference in plasma glucose rise, twice as much insulin was administered i.p. than with i.v. Plasma insulin rose to similar values in both cases. Therefore, with present closed-loop systems, i.p. insulin infusion does not lead to better control of glucose levels than i.v. infusion and does not prevent hyperinsulinism. Adjustments of the artificial B-cell algorithms and the injection of a bolus dose must be tested so that the potential advantages of the i.p. route may be achieved.
Histological Analysis of the Effect of ATX-101 (Deoxycholic Acid Injection) on Subcutaneous Fat: Results From a Phase 1 Open-Label Study (2019)

Subcutaneous injection of ATX-101 induces adipocytolysis and local inflammation with septal thickening and resolution of inflammation by 28 days after injection.
Microsensing of plutonium with a glass optofluidic device (2019)

The cointegration of optical and microfluidic functions on chemically resilient borosilicate glass to provide microfluidic chemical analyses is described. An evanescent wave sensing chip containing a fluid channel of 21 μL is implemented to carry out absorption spectroscopy measurements in the near-infrared range. Microchip packaging allows to perform remote analysis of harsh chemical solutions in confined environments. Detection of plutonium(VI) in aqueous 1 mol/L nitric acid solutions is achieved on solutions ranging from 0.05 to 0.13 mol/L. Results showcase the validity of the proposed approach by obtaining a sensor calibration curve and chip resilience to highly concentrated strong acids and radioactive elements. This proof-of-concept opens the path to optimized devices with a lower limit of detection.
Luminescence of Nanodiamond Driven by Atomic Functionalization: Towards Novel Detection Principles (2011)

Abstract High biocompatibility, variable size ranging from ≈5 nm, stable luminescence from its color centers, and simple carbon chemistry for biomolecule grafting make nanodiamond (ND) particles an attractive alternative to molecular dyes for drug‐delivery. A novel method is presented that can be used for remote monitoring of chemical processes in biological environments based on color changes from photoluminescent (PL) nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers in ND. The NV luminescence is driven chemically by alternating the surface chemical potential by interacting atoms and molecules with the diamond surface. Due to the small ND size, the changes of the surface chemical potential modify the electric field profile at the diamond surfaces (i.e., band bending) and intermingle with the electronic NV states. This leads to changes in NV − /NV° PL ratio and allows construction of optical chemo‐biosensors operating in cells, with PL visible in classical confocal microscopes. This phenomenon is demonstrated on single crystal diamond containing engineered NV centers and on oxidized and hydrogenated ND in liquid physiological buffers for variously sized ND particles. Hydrogenation of NDs leads to quenching of luminescence related to negatively charged (NV − ) centers and as a result produces color shifts from NV − (638 nm) to neutral NV° (575 nm) luminescence. How the reduction of diamond size increases the magnitude of the NV color shift phenomena is modeled.
Sodium entry through endothelial store-operated calcium entry channels: regulation by Orai1 (2014)

Orai1 interacts with transient receptor potential protein of the canonical subfamily (TRPC4) and contributes to calcium selectivity of the endothelial cell store-operated calcium entry current (ISOC). Orai1 silencing increases sodium permeability and decreases membrane-associated calcium, although it is not known whether Orai1 is an important determinant of cytosolic sodium transitions. We test the hypothesis that, upon activation of store-operated calcium entry channels, Orai1 is a critical determinant of cytosolic sodium transitions. Activation of store-operated calcium entry channels transiently increased cytosolic calcium and sodium, characteristic of release from an intracellular store. The sodium response occurred more abruptly and returned to baseline more rapidly than did the transient calcium rise. Extracellular choline substitution for sodium did not inhibit the response, although 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate and YM-58483 reduced it by ∼50%. After this transient response, cytosolic sodium continued to increase due to influx through activated store-operated calcium entry channels. The magnitude of this sustained increase in cytosolic sodium was greater when experiments were conducted in low extracellular calcium and when Orai1 expression was silenced; these two interventions were not additive, suggesting a common mechanism. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate and YM-58483 inhibited the sustained increase in cytosolic sodium, only in the presence of Orai1. These studies demonstrate that sodium permeates activated store-operated calcium entry channels, resulting in an increase in cytosolic sodium; the magnitude of this response is determined by Orai1.
Distribution of Ifitm3 in Yellow-Feathered Broilers and Inhibition of Avian Reovirus Multiplication by Ifitm3 (2018)

This study was carried to express the interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) in vitro and examine its function in inhibition of avian reovirus (ARV) replication. The recombinant prokaryotic vector expressing yellow-feathered broiler IFITM3 was successfully constructed, and the recombinant protein was expressed in competent Escherichia coli BL21 cells. New Zealand white rabbits were immunized with the purified recombinant protein to prepare a polyclonal antibody, with a titer of 1:128,000. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-PCR, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that IFITM3 was distributed in the yellow-feathered broiler immune organs, and the expression of IFITM3 in bursa of Fabricius was more than in spleen and thymus. It was found that in the thymus, spleen and bursa of Fabricius the mRNA expression levels of IFNα and IFITM3 were significantly induced after ARV infection. And it was also certified in the chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) which infected with ARV. Then the IFNα was added into the cell culture medium before CEFs were infected with ARV. The results indicated that the mRNA of IFITM3 expression was significantly increased and ARV multiplication was significantly inhibited. And when the expression of IFITM3 was knocked down by siRNA-IFITM3, the expression of IFITM3 was significantly reduced, but the ARV multiplication was significantly increased, which indicated that IFITM3 protein could inhibit the ARV replication.