gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of Glycopyrrolate and Other Anticholinergic Medications for Sialorrhea in Children with Cerebral Palsy (1998)

Fifty-four parents/caretakers of children with cerebral palsy were surveyed regarding their use of antisialorrheic medication for excessive drooling. Glycopyrrolate was used by 37 of 41 respondents, with significant improvement in drooling noted in the vast majority (95%) of cases as indicated by a five-point rating scale. Side effects (dry mouth, thick secretions, urinary retention, or flushing) surfaced in almost half (44%) of the patients but necessitated discontinuation of pharmacologic treatment in less than a third. While larger clinical studies are needed, our preliminary data indicate a trial of glycopyrrolate should be considered in children with cerebral palsy where drooling is a significant problem.
A New Blocking Effect Reduction Method (2006)

When a high compression ratio is required, the block discrete cosine transform (BDCT) decoded image suffers from the blocking effect: boundaries between adjacent image blocks visible for low bit rates. A blocking effect reduction algorithm based on DCT transform and Markov random field (MRF) is proposed to reduce blocking artifacts as many as possible, while preserving edge information. In this paper, the characteristic of human visual system (HVS) is sufficiently utilized. A visibility function of blocking artifacts is proposed based on the activity masking and brightness masking properties of HVS. The blocks which visibility of the blocking artifacts is less than the threshold do not need any processing. The proper threshold value for Huber function plays an important role in MRF method. The linear regression is used to adaptively estimate the threshold value. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce blocking artifacts while preserving edge and texture information
Factors affecting the availability of americium-241 to the rice plant (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFactors affecting the availability of americium-241 to the rice plantDomy C. AdrianoCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1979, 27, 6, 1369–1375Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60226a071https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60226a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multicast video delivery with switched beamforming antennas in indoor wireless networks (2011)

Wireless multicast based video delivery is constrained by the user with the lowest channel quality within a multicast group. Beamforming increases the SINR at the clients thereby increasing the minimum channel quality among the users that form the multicast group. Thus it can be utilized to enhance the wireless multicast video transmission. In this paper, we investigate how to exploit switched beamforming antennas to improve wireless multicast based video transmission in indoor environments. The fundamental problem to be solved is the selection and scheduling of beams to be used to cover different subsets of users within the multicast group. We consider both multi-resolution videos and multi-layered videos and formulate the problem as maximizing the total utility of all multicast clients subject to a total delay constraint, where the utility is a general measure of video quality or user-satisfaction. We prove that it is NP-hard to have a (1-1/e+ε)-approximation solution to this problem for any ε >; 0, under both multi-resolution and multi-layered video models. For the multi-resolution video model, we develop a unified approximation algorithm with a parameter k that controls both the algorithm complexity and the approximation factor. For k = 0, 1, 2, 3, we prove that the proposed algorithm achieves an approximation guarantee close to 0.31, 0.38, 0.55, and 0.63, respectively. For the multi-layered video model, we propose a similar heuristic solution. The proposed algorithms are evaluated with both hypothetical video sequences and real video sequences using channel data collected in an indoor wireless testbed. Evaluation results show that the proposed algorithms have much better performance than naive multicast algorithms for scheduling the beams.
LoRa Device Fingerprinting in the Wild: Disclosing RF Data-Driven Fingerprint Sensitivity to Deployment Variability (2021)

Deep learning-based fingerprinting techniques have recently emerged as potential enablers of various wireless applications. However, their resiliency to time, location, and/or configuration changes in the operating environment undoubtedly remains one major challenge that lies ahead in their deployment pathway. In this paper, we present an experimental framework that aims to disclose, understand and overcome the sensitivity of LoRa device fingerprinting to variations in deployment settings. We first began by presenting our RF fingerprinting datasets, collected from 25 different LoRa devices. The datasets cover a comprehensive set of experimental scenarios, considering both indoor and outdoor environments with varying network deployment settings, such as varying the distance between the transmitters and the receiver, the configuration of the LoRa protocol, the physical location of the conducted experiment, and the receiver hardware used for capturing the fingerprints. We then proposed a new technique that leverages out-of-band spectrum distortions, that are caused by device-specific hardware impairments, to provide unique device signatures that we exploit to improve fingerprinting accuracy. Finally, we conducted an experimental study that discloses the sensitivity of deep learning-based RF fingerprinting to changes in various deployment settings while considering three data representations of the learning model input: time-domain IQ, frequency-domain FFT, and Amplitude/Phase polar-coordinate. We found that the learning models perform relatively well when trained and tested under the same deployment settings, with FFT representation yielding the best performance followed by IQ representation. However, when trained and tested under different settings, the models (i) fail to maintain their high accuracy when the channel conditions change, and (ii) completely lose their ability to classify devices when the LoRa configuration and/or the USRP receiver hardware change. In addition, we interestingly observed that FFT representation performs exceptionally poorly when training and testing are done under different deployment settings, regardless of the type of the setting change.
A Microstructure-Level Material Model for Simulating the Machining of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Polymer Composites (2008)

A continuum-based microstructure-level material model for simulation of polycarbonate carbon nanotube (CNT) composite machining has been developed wherein polycarbonate and CNT phases are modeled separately. A parametrization scheme is developed to characterize the microstructure of composites having different loadings of carbon nanotubes. The Mulliken and Boyce constitutive model [2006, “Mechanics of the Rate Dependent Elastic Plastic Deformation of Glassy Polymers from Low to High Strair Rates,” Int. J. Solids Struct., 43(5), pp. 1331–1356] for polycarbonate has been modified and implemented to capture thermal effects. The CNT phase is modeled as a linear elastic material. Dynamic mechanical analyzer tests are conducted on the polycarbonate phase to capture the changes in material behavior with temperature and strain rate. Compression tests are performed over a wide range of strain rates for model validation. The model predictions for yield stress are seen to be within 10% of the experimental results for all the materials tested. The model is used to study the effect of weight fraction, length, and orientation of CNTs on the mechanical behavior of the composites.
37.4: Reverse‐Emulsion Electrophoretic Display (REED) (1998)

Abstract A new display technology is being developed, which utilizes the electrophoretic properties of reverse emulsions. This display targets the market for highly reflective passive displays. It offers low power operation, transmissivity in excess of 70%, wide viewing angle, bright colors, low material cost, and an inexpensive production process.
PROPERTIES OF T-HEADED REINFORCING BARS IN HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE . NORDIC CONCRETE RESEARCH. PUBLICATION NO 7 (1988)

In the design of high-strength concrete structures, special attention must be paid to provide sufficient ductility and shear capacity. Experience has shown that the use of conventional stirrups to ensure these properties is limited for areas which are moderately congested. For highly congested areas the use of a recently developed stirrup type becomes almost inevitable. This type is a straight bar anchored by t-shaped heads friction-welded on the bars end and is called the t-headed bar. The properties of t-headed bars have been tested extensively. The behaviour is well documented with respect to: the Anchorage properties (load-slip relationship capacities); the properties under cyclic loads; and, the use as shear reinforcement. By using t-headed bars it is possible to ensure the required ductility and shear capacity of high-strength concrete structures. Practical experience has been gained during the performance of the latest condeep structures. (TRRL)
Fibre‐optic supported measurement methods for monitoring rock pressure (2018)

Abstract Like every civil engineered structure tunnels are subject to an ageing process. The reasons for the degrading of the condition are manifold: not fully completed stress redistribution, deterioration in the rock mass quality through long‐term exposure (creeping), weathering or dynamic loads and stresses, to name but a few. All this processes lead to a deformation of the surrounding bedrock and the lining. For a continuous monitoring of a tunnel condition the measurement of the deformation is necessary. Conventional methods are elaborate and time‐consuming and require almost always a shutdown of the tunnel for traffic. Therefore, an inspection is done selectively with large time gaps. A continuous condition assessment becomes hardly possible. Currently no robust method for permanent monitoring of tunnels exists. With a fibre optic measuring method many of these restrictions can be overcome. In the course of this research project, a novel and innovative measuring methodology has been developed to continuously and extensively measure rock deformations. The measurement results were evaluated performing laboratory tests. Subsequently, they were installed in the course of a field test at the Semmering Base Tunnel. With complementary technologies such as laser scanning, the measurement methodology could be verified for its applicability.
Effect of ibuprofen and diclofenac sodium on experimental would healing. (1997)

Effects of frequently used anti-inflammatory drugs ibuprofen and diclofenac was studied on experimental wound healing in rats. These drugs impede tissue repair by virtue of retarding inflammation. There was 16-36% reduction in wound strength measured in terms of tensile strength in experimental rats. The detrimental effect of anti-inflammatory drugs was confirmed by histological examination of wound and by measuring dry granuloma weight.
Crystal Structures of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase with Etravirine (TMC125) and Rilpivirine (TMC278): Implications for Drug Design (2010)

Diarylpyrimidine (DAPY) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) have inherent flexibility, helping to maintain activity against a wide range of resistance mutations. Crystal structures were determined with wild-type and K103N HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with etravirine (TMC125) and rilpivirine (TMC278). These structures reveal a similar binding mode for TMC125 and TMC278, whether bound to wild-type or K103N RT. Comparison to previously published structures reveals differences in binding modes for TMC125 and differences in protein conformation for TMC278.
Enamine Synthesis from Functionalized Carbonyl Compounds. (1984)

En presence de TiCl 4 , l'action de la morpholine sur le phenylamide de l'acetylacetate d'ethyle conduit au phenylamide de l'acide morpholino-3 crotonique. De la meme facon, synthese d'enamines a partir de morpholine et d'oxo-4 cyclohexanepropiononitrile, de thiochromannone-4, d'oxo-4 piperidide d'acide formique, d'acide levulinique, de dimethyl-3,3 acetylacetone et d'hexene-5one-2
Price-at-Risk: A methodology for pricing utility computing services (2004)

Whereas most companies use the century-old cost-plus pricing, this pricing method is especially inadequate for services on demand because these services have uncertain demand, high development costs, and a short life cycle. In this paper we propose a novel methodology, Price-at-Risk, that explicitly takes into account uncertainty in the pricing decision. By explicitly modeling contingent factors, such as uncertain rate of adoption or demand elasticity, the methodology can account for risk before the pricing decision is taken. The methodology optimizes the expected “net present value,” subject to financial performance constraints, and thus improves on both the cost-based and value-based approaches found in the marketing literature.
The 2011 International Planning Competition (2011)

After a 3 years gap, the 2011 edition of the IPC involved a total of 55 planners,
some of them versions of the same planner, distributed among four tracks: the sequential
satisficing track (27 planners submitted out of 38 registered), the sequential multicore
track (8 planners submitted out of 12 registered), the sequential optimal track (12
planners submitted out of 24 registered) and the temporal satisficing track (8 planners
submitted out of 14 registered). Three more tracks were open to participation: temporal
optimal, preferences satisficing and preferences optimal. Unfortunately the number of submitted planners did not allow these tracks to be finally included in the competition.
A total of 55 people were participating, grouped in 31 teams. Participants came
from Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Israel, Italy, Spain, UK and
USA.
For the sequential tracks 14 domains, with 20 problems each, were selected, while
the temporal one had 12 domains, also with 20 problems each. Both new and past
domains were included. As in previous competitions, domains and problems were
unknown for participants and all the experimentation was carried out by the organizers.
To run the competition a cluster of eleven 64-bits computers (Intel XEON 2.93 Ghz
Quad core processor) using Linux was set up. Up to 1800 seconds, 6 GB of RAM memory and 750 GB of hard disk were available for each planner to solve a problem. This resulted in 7540 computing hours (about 315 days), plus a high number of hours devoted to preliminary experimentation with new domains, reruns and bugs fixing.
The detailed results of the competition, the software used for automating most
tasks, the source code of all the participating planners and the description of domains and problems can be found at the competition’s web page:
http://www.plg.inf.uc3m.es/ipc2011-deterministic
DBA: A Dynamic Bloom Filter Array for Scalable Membership Representation of Variable Large Data Sets (2011)

This paper proposes a Dynamic Bloom filter Array (DBA) to represent membership for variable large data sets in storage systems in a scalable way. DBA consists of dynamically created groups of space-efficient Bloom Filters (BFs) to accommodate changes in set sizes. In each group, BFs are homogeneous and the data layout is optimized at the bit level, so that they can be accessed in parallel to achieve high query performance. DBA can effectively control its query accuracy by partially adjusting the error rate of constructing BFs, where each BF corresponds to an independent subset of the data set to facilitate element location and membership confirmation. Further, DBA supports element deletion by introducing a lazy update policy. We prototype and evaluate our DBA scheme as a scalable fast index in the MAD2 deduplication storage system. Experimental results show that DBA (with 64 BFs per group) is capable of maintaining 90% of the peek query performance while scaling up to 160 BFs. DBA is also shown to excel in performance and space efficiency by theoretical analysis and other experiments based on real-world data sets.
Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) based on poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) and its derivatives (2015)

Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) is considered to be a promising candidate since it enables versatile routes to obtain high performance anion exchange membranes (AEMs).
NORMALISATION OF THE BU)OD VOLUME PULSE FOR PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITORING (1991)

A system design and electronic implementation are described to enhance the blood volume pulse (BVP) from photoplethysmographic sensors. A modulated sensor is combined with adaptive circuitry to reject ambient light and produce a digital output that is normalized in both amplitude and duration. System tests indicate that under normal clinical testing conditions, very uniform output signals suitable for morphological analysis will be produced. Planned clinical testing will determine the correlation of BVP signal parameters to the physiological effects of exercise induced stress and fatigue.
Hydrangea-like Superstructured Micro/Nanoreactor of Topotactically Converted Ultrathin Bismuth Nanosheets for Highly Active CO2 Electroreduction to Formate (2021)

An electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) is an appealing route to obtain the value-added feedstocks and alleviate the energy crisis. However, how to achieve high-performance electrocatalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction to formate is challenging owing to the poor intrinsic activity, insufficient conductivity, and low surface density of active sites. Herein, we fabricated an extremely active and selective hydrangea-like superstructured micro/nanoreactor of ultrathin bismuth nanosheets through an <i>in situ</i> electrochemical topotactic transformation of hierarchical bismuth oxide formate (BiOCOOH). The resulted bismuth nanosheet superstructure is in the form of three-dimensional intercrossed networks of ultrathin nanosheets, forming an ordered open porous structure through self-assembly, which can be used as a micro/nanoreactor to enable a large electrochemically active surface area as well as high atomic utilization. Such a distinctive nanostructure endows the material with high electrocatalytic performances for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction to formate with near-unity Faradaic selectivity (>95%) in a wide potential window from -0.78 to -1.18 V. Furthermore, this micro/nanoreactor can give the high current densities over 300 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> at low applied potentials without compromising selectivity in a flow cell reactor. Density functional theory (DFT) and <i>in situ</i> attenuated total reflection-infrared spectroscopy (<i>in situ</i> ATR-IR) were further conducted to interpret the CO<sub>2</sub>RR mechanisms.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIEN UEBER OLIGOSACCHARIDE 10. MITT. SYNTHESE VON ISOMALTOSE UND ISOMALTOTRIOSE NACH DER METHODE DER BENZYLBLOCKIERUNG (1973)

Abstract Die Kondensation des 2‐O‐benzylierten Bromids (I) mit der Glucopyranose (II) führt in Gegenwart von Quecksilbercyanid in Nitromethan zu einem Gemisch, das durch Faktionierung an einer Silicagel‐Chromatographiersäule in das α‐verknüpfte Disaccharid (III) (32%) und dessen β‐Isomeres (IV) (6%) zerlegt wird.
Über die Verwendung von Glyoxal‐bis(tert.‐butylnitron) als Spin‐Trap (1985)

On the Use of Glyoxal Bis (t‐Butyl Nitron) as a Spin Trap Nitroxides derived from glyoxal bis(t‐butyl nitrone), GBBN , have been studied by e.s.r. spectroscopy. Well resolved e.s.r. spectra exhibiting extra hyperfine splitting by magnetic active nuclei in γ‐position have been recorded for the spin adducts of alkyl, as well as . N 3 and . CH 2 Cl radicals. Enhanced stability was found for the spin adducts of halogen atoms. However, a wider application of this spin trap is limited by the strong superposition of the e.s.r. signals of different radical spin adducts which is directly related to almost identical conformations of these nitroxides.
Excitation problem in speech synthesis (1988)

Linear predictive coding methods require efficient representation of both the LPC filter and its input excitation to synthesize high-quality speech at low bit rates. Considerable progress has been made so far in encoding the filter parameters and it is possible to quantize these parameters with only 1600 bits/s without introducing distortion in the synthetic speech signal. However, it is still not possible to encode the LPC filter excitation at low bit rates and maintain high voice quality in the synthetic speech signal. In this paper, the problems associated with low bit representation of the excitation are discussed. To achieve low bit rates, a parametric representation is needed that can provide a compact yet accurate representation of the excitation. Such a compact representation is obtained by expressing the excitation waveform as a linear combination of the eigenvectors of the autocorrelation matrix of the LPC filter's impulse response. This representation allows the study of the effect of changes in the filter excitation on the speech output in a systematic manner. The signal-to-noise ratios necessary to represent various eigenvector components in the excitation without producing perceptible distortion in the output speech signal have been determined. Thus the minimum number of bits necessary to reproduce a speech signal is estimated. These results will be discussed in the paper.