gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
BOKP: A DNA Barcode Reference Library for Monitoring Herbal Drugs in the Korean Pharmacopeia (2017)

Herbal drug authentication is an important task in traditional medicine; however, it is challenged by the limitations of traditional authentication methods and the lack of trained experts. DNA barcoding is conspicuous in almost all areas of the biological sciences and has already been added to the British pharmacopeia and Chinese pharmacopeia for routine herbal drug authentication. However, DNA barcoding for the Korean pharmacopeia still requires significant improvements. Here, we present a DNA barcode reference library for herbal drugs in the Korean pharmacopeia and developed a species identification engine named KP-IDE to facilitate the adoption of this DNA reference library for the herbal drug authentication. Using taxonomy records, specimen records, sequence records, and reference records, KP-IDE can identify an unknown specimen. Currently, there are 6,777 taxonomy records, 1,054 specimen records, 30,744 sequence records (ITS2 and <i>psbA-trnH</i>) and 285 reference records. Moreover, 27 herbal drug materials were collected from the Seoul Yangnyeongsi herbal medicine market to give an example for real herbal drugs authentications. Our study demonstrates the prospects of the DNA barcode reference library for the Korean pharmacopeia and provides future directions for the use of DNA barcoding for authenticating herbal drugs listed in other modern pharmacopeias.
Mixed-mode oscillations and incomplete homoclinic scenarios to a saddle focus in the indium/thiocyanate electrochemical oscillator (1992)

The complex mixed-mode and chaotic oscillations in the reduction of indium(III) at a hanging mercury drop electrode in thiocyanate solution are studied in experimental detail in the parameter plane. With the aid of a simple model developed previously, we critically discuss the relation of the experimentally observed periodic–chaotic sequences with those predicted by the Shil’nikov theory of homoclinic orbits. It appears helpful to distinguish between two fundamentally different types of mixed-mode behavior: ‘‘type 1’’ related to the incomplete homoclinic scenarios observed in the present system and its model; ‘‘type 2’’ related more directly to the Shil’nikov behavior and the classical Rössler type of reinjection mechanism. The definitions and properties of both types of mixed-mode oscillation are worked out in some detail.
Size-Controlled Synthesis of Palladium Nanospheres by Pulse Electrodeposition in 1-Butyl-3-methylimmidazolium Chloride Ionic Liquid (2015)

Pd electrodeposition in ionic liquids has been mostly limited to the formation of thin films, which has restricted its potential application to the electronics and decorative industry only. The electrochemical synthesis of nanostructured Pd could broaden its applications to the catalyst industry as well. In 1-butyl-3-methylimmidazolium chloride, the Pd deposits reported so far have had uncontrolled growth without any well-defined morphology. In this study, we report controlled synthesis of Pd nanoparticles with well-defined morphology on pre-etched Ni electrodes. Potentiostatic pulse deposition was used to synthesize these Pd nanoparticles, which had spherical shape and unimodal size distribution. In contrast, thin film-like morphology was deposited during direct electrodeposition. The size of the Pd nanospheres was controlled by controlling the duty cycle; the size of the Pd nanospheres increased from 14.8 ± 3.5 to 30.8 ± 6.6 nm when the duty cycle decreased from 0.5 to 0.2. The size of the Pd nanospheres showed linear dependence on the duty cycle giving excellent control. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed face-centered cubic crystalline microstructure for the Pd particles. The analysis also suggested that the amount of Pd increased by decreasing the duty cycle. The surface of the Pd deposits was dominated by metallic state as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Direct high-resolution mapping of electrocatalytic activity of semi-two-dimensional catalysts with single-edge sensitivity (2019)

The catalytic activity of low-dimensional electrocatalysts is highly dependent on their local atomic structures, particularly those less-coordinated sites found at edges and corners; therefore, a direct probe of the electrocatalytic current at specified local sites with true nanoscopic resolution has become critically important. Despite the growing availability of operando imaging tools, to date it has not been possible to measure the electrocatalytic activities from individual material edges and directly correlate those with the local structural defects. Herein, we show the possibility of using feedback and generation/collection modes of operation of the scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) to independently image the topography and local electrocatalytic activity with 15-nm spatial resolution. We employed this operando microscopy technique to map out the oxygen evolution activity of a semi-2D nickel oxide nanosheet. The improved resolution and sensitivity enables us to distinguish the higher activities of the materials' edges from that of the fully coordinated surfaces <i>in operando</i> The combination of spatially resolved electrochemical information with state-of-the-art electron tomography, that unravels the 3D complexity of the edges, and ab initio calculations allows us to reveal the intricate coordination dependent activity along individual edges of the semi-2D material that is not achievable by other methods. The comparison of the simulated line scans to the experimental data suggests that the catalytic current density at the nanosheet edge is ∼200 times higher than that at the NiO basal plane.
A 0.8 mu m advanced single poly BiCMOS technology for high density and high performance applications (2002)

A single poly, 0.8 mu m BiCMOS technology having both high-performance CMOS and 14 GHz ASPECT III n-p-n transistors is described. The advanced features of this BiCMOS technology include a low encroachment, defect-free recessed oxide isolation process, self-aligned integrated well taps for MOS devices, double diffused bipolar process, silicided local interconnect, and four levels of metallization with tungsten plugs. Ring oscillator gate delays of <150 ps BiCMOS, <90 ps CMOS, and<50 ps ECL are obtained with this process. This technology is most applicable to high-performance/high-density standard cell ECL gate array circuits requiring embedded memory.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Adaptive optics in wide-field microscopy (2011)

Three-dimensional live imaging in cell biology is hindered by optical aberrations which degrade the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio as the focal plane is moved deeper into the sample. The solution to this problem is to use adaptive optics to correct the aberrations. In this paper, we discuss our work on applying adaptive optics to wide-field fluorescence microscopy. We demonstrate correction of depth-aberrations and focusing using a deformable mirror in open-loop operation. We then discuss the use of phase retrieval and phase diversity in adaptive optics.
T/R module design for GEODA antenna (2010)

Nowadays, ground stations requirements make it more and more necessary to incorporate conformal antenna structures like dome geometries, as they have many advantages over mechanically controlled reflector antennas. Multi-beam ability and interference rejection are facilitated thanks to the electronic control system of such antennas that improves the ground stations versatility. GEODA is a smart, conformal multi-array antenna system designed for satellite communications. Because of its adaptive beam, it is possible to contact 8 satellites at once, operating at 1.7 GHz. Its complex structure is based on a triangular array configuration, divided into subarrays (cells) of three circular polarised radiant elements. Beam steering control is managed by T/R modules. Until this point in time the reception module of the GEODA has been designed, realised and successfully measured. In this article, the development process to optimise the receive module circuit w.r.t. to size is described, which is at the same time the basic layout used to build an improved transmit unit. This work converts the GEODA project (Rx with single polarization) into the GRUA project (Tx/Rx with double polarization). The combiner circuits and control system that are included in each cell are also described in this paper.
Kristallstrukturen „supramolekularer” (Benzo-18-krone-6)kaliumtetrathiocyanatometallate: Ein dimerer Komplex {[K(Benzo-18-krone-6)]2[Hg(SCN)4]}2und zwei isomere Komplexe [K(Benzo-18-krone-6)][Cd(SCN)3] mit kettenförmigen Trithiocyanatocadmat-Anionen (1999)

Bei der Umsetzung von Kaliumtetrathiocyanatomercurat(II) mit Benzo-18-krone-6 (2,3-Benzo-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclo-octadec-2-en) wurden Kristalle von {[K(Benzo-18-krone-6)]2[Hg(SCN4)]}2 (1) erhalten. 1 kristallisiert monoklin, Raumgruppe P21/n (Nichtstandardaufstellung von P21/c), a = 1737,35(2), b = 1377,16(2), c = 1984,12(3) pm, β = 100,637(1)°, Z = 2. Mit Kaliumtetrathiocyanatocadmat(II) entstanden zwei Modifikationen eines Komplexes der Zusammensetzung [K(Benzo-18-krone-6)][Cd(SCN)3] (2, 3), die unterschiedlich symmetrisch aufgebaut si nd. 2 kristallisiert monoklin, P21/c, a = 1158,31(3), b = 1096,55(2), c = 2028,46(2) pm, β = 99,5261(2)°, Z = 4, 3 orthorhombisch, P21cn, a = 1105,95(3), b = 1413,07(4), c = 1617,10(5), Z = 4. 1 besitzt eine dimere Struktur, aufgebaut aus einem [K2(Benzo-18-krone-6)2]2+-Dikation und zwei [K(Benzo-18-krone-6)]+-Kationen, die über zwei [Hg(SCN)4]2–-Anionen verbrückt sind. In 2 und 3 finden sich als Anionen dreifach verbrückte unendliche [{Cd(SCN)3–}n]-Zickzackketten entlang der Schraubenachsen. In 2 liegen Ketten in zwei inversionssymmetrischen Konformationen vor, in 3 dagegen nur in einer Form. Über unterschiedlich lange K · · · S-Wechselwirkungen sind [K(Benzo-18-krone-6)]+-Kationen mit den Anionenketten verknüpft. Crystal Structures of „Supramolecular”︁ Benzo-18-crown-6 Potassium Tetrathiocyanato Metallates: A Dimeric Complex {[K(Benzo-18-crown-6)]2[Hg(SCN)4]}2 and Two Isomeric Complexes [K(Benzo-18-crown-6)][Cd(SCN)3] Containing Trithiocyanato Cadmate Anions with Chain Structures By reaction of potassium thiocyanatomercurate(II) complexes with benzo-18-crown-6 (2,3-benzo-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadec-2-ene) crystals of {[K(benzo-18-crown-6)]2[Hg(SCN4)]}2 (1) were obtained. 1 crystallizes monoclinic, space group P21/n (non-standard setting of P21/c), a = 1737.35(2), b = 1377.16(2), c = 1984.12(3) pm, β = 100.637(1)°, Z = 2. With potassium tetrathiocyanatocadmate(II) two modifications of a complex [K(benzo-18-crown-6)][Cd(SCN)3] (2, 3), of different symmetry were formed. 2 crystallizes monoclinic, P21/c, a = 1158,31(3), b = 1096,55(2), c = 2028,46(2) pm, β = 99,5261(2)°, Z = 4, 3 orthorhombic, P21cn, a = 1105,95(3), b = 1413,07(4), c = 1617,10(5) pm, Z = 4. 1 has a dimeric structure, built up from a dication K2(benzo-18-crown-6)2]2+ and two [K(benzo-18-crown-6)]+ cations, which are bridged by two [Hg(SCN)4]2– anions. In 2 and 3 triply bridged infinite [{Cd(SCN)3–}n] zigzag chains, stretching along screw axes, are to be found as anions. In 2 these chains exist in two conformations related by inversion symmetry, whereas in 3 only one form can be found. [K(benzo-18-crown-6)]+ cations are linked to the anion chains via K · · · S interactions of different lengths.
Growth of Surfactant Domains in Protein Films (2003)

Surfactants, in particular nonionic surfactants, form phase-separated domains when competitively displacing protein films from a fluid interface. The present article seeks to quantify the size, shape, and number of the growing domains as the displacement progresses. The two proteins used in this study, β-casein and β-lactoglobulin, were separately displaced by the nonionic surfactant Tween 20. In the cases of both proteins, the mean surfactant domain area was found to increase exponentially as a function of the fraction (area) of the interface containing surfactant. Similarly, the number of domains per unit area was found to decrease rapidly for both proteins as a function of the surfactant area fraction. While computer simulations of domain growth could not closely mimic either of these traits, they suggested that a likely explanation for this is that the rate of domain coalescence is controlled by the strength of the protein film. The mechanically stronger (more elastic) β-lactoglobulin films were better able to resist the coalescence than the mechanically weaker (more viscous) β-casein films. No simple relationship was found between the domain shape and the other measured properties of the film, except for the case of aged β-casein films, where the domain shapes became markedly less circular.
Vulnerability Threat Assessment Based on AHP and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (2014)

The paper starts with the study of present methods for evaluation of Vulnerability Threat. It puts forward a new classification method to make up the insufficiency of key elements of assessment. It establish the index system by considering the aspects of time, environment and attack damages and so on. It proposes an assessment method based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, obtaining the factor weights by AHP, and quantifying the vulnerability based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. At the end, it gives a practical example to prove that this method can be applied very well for vulnerability harm assessment.
National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Emerging Biomarkers for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease (2008)

Based on a thorough review of the published literature, only hsCRP met all of the stated criteria required for acceptance as a biomarker for risk assessment in primary prevention.
Quality of life in the GLARIUS trial randomizing bevacizumab/irinotecan versus temozolomide in newly diagnosed, MGMT-nonmethylated glioblastoma (2017)

GLARIUS did not find indications for a BEV-induced detrimental effect on QoL in first-line therapy of MGMT-nonmethylated GBM patients. Moreover, GLARIUS provided some indirect corroborative data supporting the notion that BEV may have beneficial effects upon QoL in relapsed GBM.
Framing Social Comparison Feedback With Financial Incentives for Physical Activity Promotion: A Randomized Trial (2020)

Changing social comparison feedback did not impact physical activity.
Diversity analysis of space-time coding in cascaded Rayleigh fading channels (2006)

Cascaded Rayleigh distribution is used to model multipath fading in mobile-to-mobile communication scenarios and provides a better fit to experimental data in such scenarios compared to the conventional Rayleigh channel model. In this letter, we derive an exact expression for the pairwise error probability (PEP) of space-time trellis codes over the cascaded Rayleigh fading channel, which is in the form of a simple single finite-range integral. Through the derived PEP expression, we present the maximum diversity order achievable over such channels and demonstrate the performance degradation in comparison to conventional Rayleigh channels. Monte-Carlo simulations are further demonstrated to confirm the analytical results.
Data from Distinct TP63 Isoform-Driven Transcriptional Signatures Predict Tumor Progression and Clinical Outcomes (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;TP63 is required to maintain stem cell pluripotency and suppresses the metastatic potential of cancer cells through multiple mechanisms. These functions are differentially regulated by individual isoforms, necessitating a deeper understanding of how the distinct transcriptional programs controlled by these isoforms affect cancer progression and outcomes. In this study, we conducted a pan-cancer analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify transcriptional networks regulated by TAp63 and ΔNp63 using transcriptomes derived from epidermal cells of TAp63&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; and ΔNp63&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice. Analysis of 17 cancer developmental and 27 cancer progression signatures revealed a consistent tumor suppressive pattern for TAp63. In contrast, we identified pleiotropic roles for ΔNp63 in tumor development and found that its regulation of Lef1 was crucial for its oncogenic role. ΔNp63 performed a distinctive role as suppressor of tumor progression by cooperating with TAp63 to modulate key biological pathways, principally cell-cycle regulation, extracellular matrix remodeling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and the enrichment of pluripotent stem cells. Importantly, these TAp63 and ΔNp63 signatures prognosticated progression and survival, even within specific stages, in bladder and renal carcinomas as well as low-grade gliomas. These data describe a novel approach for understanding transcriptional activities of TP63 isoforms across a large number of cancer types, potentially enabling identification of patient subsets most likely to benefit from therapies predicated on manipulating specific TP63 isoforms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt; Transcriptomic analyses of patient samples and murine knockout models highlight the prognostic role of several critical mechanisms of tumor suppression that are regulated by TP63. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 78(2); 451–62. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
About Our Administrative Patent Judges (2018)

Are you interested in learning more about being a judge or applying for a position at the Patent Trial and Appeal Board?
Spinal angiotensin II influences reflex cardiovascular responses to muscle contraction (1995)

We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of angiotensin II (ANG II) AT1 receptors in the thoracic spinal cord attenuates the reflex cardiovascular response to electrically induced hindlimb static contraction (exercise pressor reflex). Consequently, in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cats, contraction-induced increases in mean arterial blood pressure, maximal rate of rise in left ventricular pressure (dP/dt), and heart rate were compared before and after intrathecal injection of the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan (100 or 1,000 micrograms; n = 7). Losartan significantly diminished increases in blood pressure and maximal dP/dt provoked by static contraction by 33 +/- 5 and 31 +/- 6%, respectively. Conversely, these contraction-induced responses were unaffected by similar injection of ANG II into the lumbosacral spinal cord (n = 5). Moreover, intravenous injection of 100 micrograms losartan did not affect the cardiovascular response to contraction. Our data suggest that ANG II has a excitatory effect on the efferent arm of the exercise pressor reflex, which may be due to a facilitatory action on sympathetic nerve activity.
Investigation of Orifice delta pressure abnormal condition for measuring Main Feed Water Flow in Nuclear Power Plant (2010)

The orifice establishment which is improper does to change the entity differential pressure and occurs an error in flow measurement data. Because of this, the thermal power of nuclear power plant could be evaluated excessively and the safety margin could be decreased. In this paper, characters of orifice which is established abnormally was investigated. Specially, the orifice plate which is established in opposition case was modeled and analyzed. Finally, 14.4% was lowly measured differential pressure, when being established in the resultant opposition. And this result with EPRI and NRC experiences was similar.
Case report: Preclinical efficacy of NEDD8 and proteasome inhibitors in patient-derived models of signet ring high-grade mucinous colorectal cancer from a Lynch syndrome patient (2023)

High-grade mucinous colorectal cancer (HGM CRC) is particularly aggressive, prone to metastasis and treatment resistance, frequently accompanied by "signet ring" cancer cells. A sizeable fraction of HGM CRCs (20-40%) arises in the context of the Lynch Syndrome, an autosomal hereditary syndrome that predisposes to microsatellite instable (MSI) CRC. Development of patient-derived preclinical models for this challenging subtype of colorectal cancer represents an unmet need in oncology. We describe here successful propagation of preclinical models from a case of early-onset, MSI-positive metastatic colorectal cancer in a male Lynch syndrome patient, refractory to standard care (FOLFOX6, FOLFIRI-Panitumumab) and, surprisingly, also to immunotherapy. Surgical material from a debulking operation was implanted in NOD/SCID mice, successfully yielding one patient-derived xenograft (PDX). PDX explants were subsequently used to generate 2D and 3D cell cultures. Histologically, all models resembled the tumor of origin, displaying a high-grade mucinous phenotype with signet ring cells. For preclinical exploration of alternative treatments, in light of recent findings, we considered inhibition of the proteasome by bortezomib and of the related NEDD8 pathway by pevonedistat. Indeed, sensitivity to bortezomib was observed in mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung, and we previously found that HGM CRC is preferentially sensitive to pevonedistat in models with low or absent expression of cadherin 17 (CDH17), a differentiation marker. We therefore performed IHC on the tumor and models, and observed no CDH17 expression, suggesting sensitivity to pevonedistat. Both bortezomib and pevonedistat showed strong activity on 2D cells at 72 hours and on 3D organoids at 7 days, thus providing valid options for <i>in vivo</i> testing. Accordingly, three PDX cohorts were treated for four weeks, respectively with vehicle, bortezomib and pevonedistat. Both drugs significantly reduced tumor growth, as compared to the vehicle group. Interestingly, while bortezomib was more effective <i>in vitro</i>, pevonedistat was more effective <i>in vivo</i>. Drug efficacy was further substantiated by a reduction of cellularity and of Ki67-positive cells in the treated tumors. These results highlight proteasome and NEDD8 inhibition as potentially effective therapeutic approaches against Lynch syndrome-associated HGM CRC, also when the disease is refractory to all available treatment options.