gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Specific reverse transcriptase slippage at the HIV ribosomal frameshift sequence: potential implications for modulation of GagPol synthesis (2017)

Synthesis of HIV GagPol involves a proportion of ribosomes translating a U6A shift site at the distal end of the gag gene performing a programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift event to enter the overlapping pol gene. In vitro studies here show that at the same shift motif HIV reverse transcriptase generates -1 and +1 indels with their ratio being sensitive to the relative concentration ratio of dNTPs specified by the RNA template slippage-prone sequence and its 5' adjacent base. The GGG sequence 3' adjacent to the U6A shift/slippage site, which is important for ribosomal frameshifting, is shown here to limit reverse transcriptase base substitution and indel 'errors' in the run of A's in the product. The indels characterized here have either 1 more or less A, than the corresponding number of template U's. cDNA with 5 A's may yield novel Gag product(s), while cDNA with an extra base, 7 A's, may only be a minor contributor to GagPol polyprotein. Synthesis of a proportion of non-ribosomal frameshift derived GagPol would be relevant in efforts to identify therapeutically useful compounds that perturb the ratio of GagPol to Gag, and pertinent to the extent in which specific polymerase slippage is utilized in gene expression.
Knowledge and Understanding of the Hydrogeology of the Salt Basin in South-Central New Mexico and Future Study Needs (2006)

water in the carbonate aquifer generally is very hard and has dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 500 to 6,500 milligrams per liter.
Lsr2 of Mycobacterium Represents a Novel Class of H-NS-Like Proteins (2008)

ABSTRACT Lsr2 is a small, basic protein present in Mycobacterium and related actinomycetes. Our previous in vitro biochemical studies showed that Lsr2 is a DNA-bridging protein, a property shared by H-NS-like proteins in gram-negative bacteria. Here we present in vivo evidence based on genetic complementation experiments that Lsr2 is a functional analog of H-NS, the first such protein identified in gram-positive bacteria. We show that lsr2 can complement the phenotypes related to hns mutations in Escherichia coli , including β-glucoside utilization, mucoidy, motility, and hemolytic activity. We also show that Lsr2 binds specifically to H-NS-regulated genes and the repression of hlyE by Lsr2 can be partially eliminated by overexpression of slyA , suggesting that the molecular mechanisms of Lsr2 repression and depression are similar to those of H-NS. The functional equivalence of these two proteins is further supported by the ability of hns to complement the lsr2 phenotype in Mycobacterium smegmatis . Taken together, our results demonstrate unequivocally that Lsr2 is an H-NS-like protein.
A relax-type magnetometer using amorphous ribbon core (1994)

A magnetometer for digital analysis of a magnetic field is presented. The method of measuring is based on the detection of the coil relaxation time, after its excitation up to saturation by means of short current pulses. The time detection uses a voltage limiter, before an active comparation. An external magnetic field causes a width modulation of the relax-pulses, due to the total consumption of the supplied energy. The width of the relax-pulses is evaluated by counters and, after buffering, picked up to IBM/PC parallel I/O. The sensitivity of the present magnetometer is 10 nT from DC up to 500 Hz and 100 pT up to 5 Hz, in real time. Data analysis could be utilized for autonomical navigation systems, as well as for an industrial, environmental and medical use.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging with a high-speed CMOS-camera (2007)

The technique of Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging (LDPI) is widely used for determining cerebral blood flow or skin perfusion in the case of burns. The commonly used Laser Doppler Perfusion Imagers are scanning systems which point by point scan the area under investigation and use a single photo detector to capture the photoelectric current to obtain a perfusion map. In that case the imaging time for a perfusion map of 64 x 64 pixels is around 5 minutes. Disadvantages of a long imaging time for in-vivo imaging are the bigger chance of movement artifacts, reduced comfort for the patient and the inability to follow fast changing perfusion conditions. We present a Laser Doppler Perfusion Imager which makes use of a high speed CMOS-camera. By illuminating the area under investigation and simultaneously taking images at high speed with the camera, it is possible to obtain a perfusion map of the area under investigation in a shorter period of time than with the commonly used Laser Doppler Perfusion Imagers.
ROMA robots for inspection of steel based infrastructures (2002)

The robotics laboratory of the Universidad Carlos III of Madrid has developed the ROMA climbing robots, which are able to travel along 3D complex environments to carry out inspection tasks. The ROMA robots family is able to self‐support its locomotion system and moves in a similar way to a caterpillar. During this motion the robots generate in real‐time an optimal path and grasp planning in order to ensure a stable self‐support and avoid obstacles in the environment. In order to move the robots in a teleoperated or automatic way a man‐machine interface has been developed. The robots were developed primarily for use during the inspection of complex metallic structures. There are a large number of operations to be performed on metallic structures such as those encountered in bridges, oil rigs and building skeletons which represent a danger for human operators. Nevertheless, they are not limited to these structures due to fact that they are equipped with the necessary tools for new environments like concrete.
Actin mutations in hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy cause inefficient protein folding and perturbed filament formation (2005)

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are the most common hereditary cardiac conditions. Both are frequent causes of sudden death and are often associated with an adverse disease course. Alpha-cardiac actin is one of the disease genes where different missense mutations have been found to cause either HCM or DCM. We have tested the hypothesis that the protein-folding pathway plays a role in disease development for two actin variants associated with DCM and six associated with HCM. Based on a cell-free coupled translation assay the actin variants could be graded by their tendency to associate with the chaperonin TCP-1 ring complex/chaperonin containing TCP-1 (TRiC/CCT) as well as their propensity to acquire their native conformation. Some variant proteins are completely stalled in a complex with TRiC and fail to fold into mature globular actin and some appear to fold as efficiently as the wild-type protein. A fraction of the translated polypeptide became ubiquitinated and detergent insoluble. Variant actin proteins overexpressed in mammalian cell lines fail to incorporate into actin filaments in a manner correlating with the degree of misfolding observed in the cell-free assay; ranging from incorporation comparable to wild-type actin to little or no incorporation. We propose that effects of mutations on folding and fiber assembly may play a role in the molecular disease mechanism.
Experiments with an Uncooled Single-Cylinder Open-Chamber Diesel (1987)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The performance and emissions characteristics of an uncooled, thermally insulated, single-cylinder open-chamber diesel engine were investigated. The uncooled engine, in comparison to its water-cooled version, suffered from loss in volumetric efficiency and in fuel economy, from generally higher nitric oxide and hydrocarbon emissions and from higher smoke emissions. The deteriorations in fuel economy and smoke are believed to be caused by a lengthening of the combustion duration of the uncooled engine, which may have been caused by a reduction in the rate of injection of the fuel brought about by the elevated temperatures.&lt;/div&gt;
Level-of-Detail Management for Real-Time Rendering of Phototextured Terrain (1995)

We present four techniques for real-time level-of-detail reduction of digital terrain data without loss of visual image quality or detail. Techniques for reducing polygon count based on distance and terrain roughness provided two- orders-of-magnitude reduction in the number of polygons rendered for our sample data: an eight kilometer by eight kilometer data set with four meter resolution. Techniques for reducing texture data based on distance and orientation of polygons resulted in a one-order-of-magnitude reduction in the number of bytes of texture memory for the same data set.
Versatile All-Optical Clock Recovery Circuit for OOK and DPSK Modulated Data Traffic (2006)

We demonstrate the properties of an all-optical processing unit capable of clock-recovery from both OOK and DPSK modulated signals. The circuit is based on periodic sharp filtering and it is suitable for photonic integration. Independently on the modulation format, it is characterised by a tens of MHz locking range, few bits locking time and timing jitter generally below 2% of the bit time. Thanks to these features it can be employed in future optical packet switched networks.
Cost and Environmental Impact Assessment of Stainless Steel Microreactor Plates using Binder Jetting and Metal Injection Molding Processes (2020)

Modular chemical process intensification provides a platform for down-scaling chemical process equipment and reducing the number of chemical process steps through increased surface area-to-volume ratios and increased heat and mass transfer rates. In turn, these improvements reduce capital investment and operating costs, facility size, feedstock consumption, and emissions from chemical processing. However, conventional microreactor fabrication has employed inefficient material removal and bonding processes to create devices formed of layers of metal shim stock. This research investigates the relative costs and environmental impacts of metal additive manufacturing and powder metallurgy processes for making microreactor components for a range of market sizes. Binder jetting additive technology and metal injection molding were studied for producing two plates for a microscale chemical reactor used in dimethyl ether production. The manufacturing process design method was applied to quantify the cost of goods sold, and life cycle assessment was applied to model environmental impacts. The manufacturing process design analysis showed that metal injection molding would have better cost performance than binder jetting for a greenfield facility due to lower capital tooling cost and shorter cycle time in making the green part. However, the life cycle assessment indicated, at lower annual production volumes, metal injection molding would have higher cumulative energy demand, global warming potential, and other impacts due to the mold plates and solvent use. While this work reports on model development and a single use case, it motivates a focus on validating analysis results for a range of part sizes and geometries, as well as alternative production routes. This future work would provide design and manufacturing decision makers with richer information regarding process capabilities, production costs, and product environmental impacts for a range of product complexities.
Stem cell factor augments Fc epsilon RI-mediated TNF-alpha production and stimulates MAP kinases via a different pathway in MC/9 mast cells. (1998)

Mast cells express the receptor tyrosine kinase kit/stem cell factor receptor (SCFR) which is encoded by the proto-oncogene c-kit. Ligation of SCFR induces its dimerization and activation of its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity leading to activation of Raf-1, phospholipases, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases. However, little is known about the downstream signals initiated by SCFR ligation except for activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases. The murine mast cell line, MC/9, synthesizes and secretes TNF-alpha following the aggregation of high affinity Fc receptors for IgE (Fc epsilonRI). Ligation of SCFR or Fc epsilonRI on MC/9 cells resulted in the activation of all three MAP kinase family members, extracellular signal-regulated kinases, c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. Stem cell factor (SCF)-induced activation of JNK and p38 was insensitive to wortmannin, cyclosporin A, and FK506 whereas activation of these kinases through Fc epsilonRI was sensitive to these drugs. Coligation of SCFR augmented Fc epsilonRI-mediated activation of MAP kinases, especially JNK activation, and SCF augmented Fc epsilonRI-mediated TNF-alpha production in MC/9 cells, although SCF alone did not induce TNF-alpha production. This augmentation by SCF was regulated at the level of transcription, at least in part, since the promoter activity of TNF-alpha was enhanced following addition of SCF. These results demonstrate that SCF can augment Fc epsilonRI-mediated JNK activation and cytokine gene transcription but via pathways that are regulated differently than the ones activated through Fc epsilonRI.
Étude de la formation de composés bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-1(7)-én-6-one via une réaction de cycloaddition [2+2] intramoléculaire implicant la fonction cétène (2004)

Le présent mémoire est divisé en quatre chapitres traitant de l’étude de la formation de composés de type bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-l(7)-én-6-one. Cette étude prend son origine dans une méthodologie que le professeur Bélanger veut éventuellement mettre sur pied et qui met en valeur une fonction relativement peu utilisée en synthèse organique, le cétène. Le premier chapitre traite de la première méthode imaginée pour la formation des composés bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-l(7)-én-6-one. Celle-ci consiste en la cycloaddition [2+2] entre un cétène et un alcyne menant à une cyclobuténone. Une particularité de cette réaction est que celle-ci est connue de façon intermoléculaire, mais la version intramoléculaire est à ce jour encore sans précédent. Afin de pouvoir appliquer cette réaction pour la formation du type de composé visé, la version intramoléculaire devait être étudiée et les résultats de cette étude sont présentés dans ce chapitre. Dans le chapitre 2, les résultats d’une étude sur des équivalents d’alcyne sont présentés. Par équivalent d’alcyne, il est entendu que les groupements fonctionnels utilisés pourraient permettre d’obtenir la cyclobuténone fusionnée non plus en une seule étape, mais bien en une séquence de réactions. Ces différentes alternatives à la fonction alcyne sont présentées selon deux perspectives. Tout d’abord, trois méthodes ont été étudiées pouvant permettre la séquence réactionnelle en cascade et ainsi avoir accès aux composés cibles dans un seul ballon de réaction et dans les mêmes conditions. Ensuite, une autre méthode est présentée consistant cette fois en une séquence de deux réactions devant, dans ce cas-ci, être effectuée en deux temps. Le troisième chapitre présente les résultats obtenus lors de l’étude de la formation d’un composé modèle de type bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-l(7)-én-6-one à partir d ’un composé de type bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-6-one. Cette méthode consiste alors en l’oxydation d’une cyclobutanone en cyclobuténone correspondante et implique ainsi une transformation chimique formant une structure moléculaire très tendue. Enfin, il est discuté dans le dernier chapitre d’autres alternatives aux méthodes présentées dans les chapitres précédents et prenant toujours avantage de la fonction cétène. Certains résultats sommaires y sont présentés en guise d’introduction à des études éventuelles sur ces différentes méthodes.
A critical role of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in TAp73-mediated cell proliferation (2013)

The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) provides ribose and NADPH that support biosynthesis and antioxidant defense. Our recent findings suggest that the p53-related protein TAp73 enhances the PPP flux. TAp73 stimulates the expression of glucose-6-phophate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzymes of the PPP. Through this regulation, TAp73 promotes the accumulation of macromolecules and increases cellular capability to withstand oxidative stresses. TAp73 also regulates other metabolic enzymes, and the relative importance of these targets in TAp73-mediated cell growth is not well understood. Here we show that, like in other cell lines, TAp73 is required for supporting proliferation and maintaining the expression of G6PD in the human lung cancer H1299 cells. Restoration of G6PD expression almost fully rescues the defects in cell growth caused by TAp73 knockdown, suggesting that G6PD is the major proliferative target of TAp73 in these cells. G6PD expression is elevated in various tumors, correlating with the upregulation of TAp73. These results indicate that TAp73 may function as an oncogene, and that G6PD is likely a focal point of regulation in oncogenic growth.
An on-chip homodyne detector for generating random numbers (2017)

Summary form only given. The homodyne detector is a primitive element in many quantum optics experiments. It is primarily a characterization device, used for measuring the quantum state of the electromagnetic field[1]. Quantum integrated photonics[2], in which optical sources, circuits, and detectors are monolithically integrated on a semiconductor chip, provides a compact, scalable, platform in which to implement quantum devices like the homodyne detector. Here, we present a homodyne detector integrated in silicon and use it to generate quantum random numbers.
A Tunable Notch Resonator Based on Varactor-Loaded Complementary Split-Ring Resonators (2008)

In this paper, a tunable notch resonator based on CSRRs using varactor is proposed. This new resonator, called by the authors as varactor-loaded complementary SRRs (VLCSRRs), is a promising component thanks to its compact and tunable characteristic as VLSRRs.
Improving Pivot Translation by Remembering the Pivot (2015)

Akiva Miura, Graham Neubig, Sakriani Sakti, Tomoki Toda, Satoshi Nakamura. Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers). 2015.
Characterization of trifluoroacetic acid hydrolyzed subtropical forage grass cell walls (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of trifluoroacetic acid hydrolyzed subtropical forage grass cell wallsJohn M. De Ruiter and Joseph C. BurnsCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1987, 35, 3, 308–316Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00075a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00075a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Robotic architectures for the on-orbit assembly of large space telescopes (2019)

Space telescopes are our ‘eyes in the sky’ that enable unprecedented&#13;\nastronomy missions and also permit Earth&#13;\nobservation integral to science and national security. On&#13;\naccount of the increased spatial resolution, spectral coverage,&#13;\nand signal-to-noise ratio, there is a constant clamour&#13;\nfor larger aperture telescopes by the science and surveillance&#13;\ncommunities. This paper addresses a 25 m modular&#13;\ntelescope operating in the visible wavelengths of the electromagnetic&#13;\nspectrum; such a telescope located at geostationary&#13;\nEarth orbit would permit 1 m spatial resolution of&#13;\na location on Earth. Specifically, it discusses the requirements&#13;\nand architectural options for a robotic assembly&#13;\nsystem, called Robotic Agent for Space Telescope Assembly&#13;\n(RASTA). Aspects of a first-order design and initial&#13;\nlaboratory test-bed developments are also presented.
Deuterium lock-channel nuclear magnetic resonance thermometers for multinuclear spectrometers (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeuterium lock-channel nuclear magnetic resonance thermometers for multinuclear spectrometersGerald A. Pearson and David E. ViettiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1978, 50, 12, 1717–1719Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50034a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50034a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts