gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemically Bonded Nano‐Size Bioceramics Based on Ca‐Aluminate (2006)

One approach to make ceramic materials with nano-sized grains is to use chemically controlled reaction strategies. This could be done in several ways. In this paper we present results from in vivo formation of bone cement via a paste used as a reactive augmentative implant coating. The basic system is a calcium aluminate cement. The general mechanism for formation of hydrates of the chemically basic system is a dissolution-precipitation mechanism. This procedure is repeated during the whole reaction time, which basically takes place during the first hours, but is not terminated until a time period of approximately two weeks. The repetitive feature of crystallisation leads to the development of nano-crystals of the hydrated phases. The implant material is a cp Ti. Various electron microscopy techniques, such as SEM and TEM were used in the evaluauion. To produce the TEM-samples focused ion beam (FIB) milling was employed. The microstructure evaluation reveals the hydrates to be in the range of 20-50 nm. From a biological viewpoint this is important since it agrees well with the size of natural apatite in bone tissue. This ensures a very homogeneous microstructure in the contact zone to new bone tissue. Also interesting is the opportunity to form very close bonding to the implant surface - on the atomic level.
Comparison of Synthetic Isoparaffinic Kerosene Turbine Fuels with the Composition-Explicit Distillation Curve Method (2010)

In recent years, civilian and military users of aviation kerosene have been interested in expanding the scope of fuel feed stocks to include nonpetroleum sources. There are many reasons for this, the most important of which are the potential minimization of supply disruptions, the minimization of dependence on foreign sources of petroleum, the vulnerability of large centralized refineries, and the rising costs of current fuel streams. It is unlikely that a completely new, drop-in replacement fuel will be successful in the foreseeable future. In the meantime, however, the goal is to extend or enhance present petroleum-derived stocks. For this to be done on a rational basis, careful attention must be paid to fuel design parameters, one of the most important of which is the fluid volatility as expressed by the distillation curve. We have recently introduced several important improvements in the measurement of distillation curves of complex fluids. The modifications to the classical measurement provide for (1) a composition explicit data channel for each distillate fraction (for both qualitative and quantitative analysis); (2) temperature measurements that are true thermodynamic state points that can be modeled with an equation of state; (3) temperature, volume, and pressure measurements of low uncertainty suitable for equation of state development; (4) consistency with a century of historical data; (5) an assessment of the energy content of each distillate fraction; (6) trace chemical analysis of each distillate fraction; and (7) a corrosivity assessment of each distillate fraction. The composition explicit channel is achieved with a new sampling approach that allows precise qualitative as well as quantitative analyses of each fraction, on the fly. We have applied the new method to the measurement of rocket propellant, gasolines, jet fuels, and hydrocarbon crude oils. In this paper, we present the application of the technique to compare the characteristics of several new synthetic isoparaffinic kerosenes that are being used or tested as turbine fuels. These fuels include synthetics made from natural gas, coal, and waste greases.
Drifted Influenza A and B Viruses Collected by a Water-Based Condensation Growth Air Sampler in a Student Health Care Center during an Influenza Outbreak (2017)

A viable virus aerosol sampler (VIVAS) effectively collected viable influenza A and B viruses from air inside a student health care center during an influenza outbreak. The viruses had "drifted" genes, showcasing the usefulness of the VIVAS for air sampling and noninvasive surveillance of viruses in circulation.
Understanding the coverage and scalability of place-centric crowdsensing (2013)

Crowd-enabled place-centric systems gather and reason over large mobile sensor datasets and target everyday user locations (such as stores, workplaces, and restaurants). Such systems are transforming various consumer services (for example, local search) and data-driven organizations (city planning). As the demand for these systems increases, our understanding of how to design and deploy successful crowdsensing systems must improve. In this paper, we present a systematic study of the coverage and scaling properties of place-centric crowdsensing. During a two-month deployment, we collected smartphone sensor data from 85 participants using a representative crowdsensing system that captures 48,000 different place visits. Our analysis of this dataset examines issues of core interest to place-centric crowdsensing, including place-temporal coverage, the relationship between the user population and coverage, privacy concerns, and the characterization of the collected data. Collectively, our findings provide valuable insights to guide the building of future place-centric crowdsensing systems and applications.
ADCY9 (Adenylate Cyclase Type 9) Inactivation Protects From Atherosclerosis Only in the Absence of CETP (Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein) (2018)

Adcy9 inactivation protects against atherosclerosis, but only in the absence of CETP activity. This atheroprotection may be explained by decreased macrophage accumulation and proliferation in the arterial wall, and improved endothelial function and autonomic tone.
Chapter Five. Buddhist Practice And Yogācāra Epistemology (2011)

This chapter focuses on Liangs use of Yogācāra. It presents Liang's claim of Yogācāra being a remedy against the shortcomings of Western epistemology. The chapter briefly talks about the main ideas of the school and, more importantly, the important changes Liang introduced, on purpose. These changes are evaluated against the background of Liangs overall project. For Liang, Western epistemology fell into two traps: dogmatism and skepticism. When looking at the history of Western thought, Liang held that epistemology had been contaminated by a metaphysics founded on false assumptions. Yogācāra theory provided an explanation of how perception was constructed by the mind. For Liang, Yogācāra was a valid path which allowed one to know the essence of the cosmos. Liangs use of Yogācāra to build a Buddhist metaphysics is exemplary for its creativity and originality.Keywords: Buddhist epistemology; Buddhist metaphysics; Liang; Western epistemology; Yogācāra epistemology
A Canine Model of Intimal Hyperplasia (IH) in Autogenous Vein Grafting: A Preliminary Report (1990)

High failure rates (10-40% at 1 year and 2-6% per year thereafter) of autologous vein grafts in peripheral bypass surgery due to progressive intimal hyperplasia (IH) have prompted researchers to search for an animal model that develops IH in a relatively short period of time. This study summarizes our experiences in promoting IH in a canine model. Eight to ten centimeters of both jugular veins were exposed in 40 adult mongrel conditioned dogs. After division into 4-5-cm lengths, the segment of jugular vein most proximal was ballooned at 800-900 mm Hg with a modified 8F Fogarty catheter to induce intimal and medial layer injury. The distal segment was left nonballooned. Segments of these autologous vein grafts, 1.5 cm in length, both ballooned and nonballooned, were then anastomosed, end to end, into the carotid and femoral circulations. Six weeks postoperatively the grafts were perfusion-fixed, harvested, and histologically processed, and the amount of the lumen in midgraft sections occupied by IH was determined by image analysis. In all dogs, the degree of IH was significantly greater in the balloon catheterized vs noncatheterized graft segments. IH was more severe in the femoral than in the carotid arteries. The grafts that developed the most severe intimal hyperplasia were femoral grafts that had been balloon catheterized. We conclude that these protocols are effective in inducing IH in a canine model in short postoperative times.
No visual responses in denervated V1 (1998)

Following severe cranio-cerebral trauma that affected the optic radiation, patient FS suffers from an incomplete macula-splitting hemianopia. Within the hemianopic field, FS exhibits blindsight, i.e. he detects and discriminates visual stimuli he cannot (consciously) see. We performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at high spatial resolution using a large flickering stimulus field to assess visual responsiveness of deafferented V1. Contrasting strong activation of the normal contralesional visual cortex, ipsilesional V1 displayed no stimulus-related MRI signal changes. However, activation was observed in ipsilesional extrastriate cortex. We conclude that blindsight does not depend on functional islands of tissue preserved within the deafferented striate cortex.
Separation and location of microseism sources (2013)

Microseisms are ground vibrations caused largely by ocean gravity waves. Multiple spatially separate noise sources may be coincidentally active. A method for source separation and individual wavefield retrieval of microseisms using a single pair of seismic stations is introduced, and a method of back azimuth estimation assuming Rayleigh‐wave arrivals of microseisms is described. These methods are combined to separate and locate sources of microseisms in a synthetic model and then applied to field microseismic recordings from Ireland in the Northeast Atlantic. It is shown that source separation is an important step prior to location for both accurate microseism locations and microseisms wavefield studies.
Supplementary Figure 2 from CAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Homologous Protein–Dependent Death Receptor 5 Induction Is a Major Component of SHetA2-Induced Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from CAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Homologous Protein–Dependent Death Receptor 5 Induction Is a Major Component of SHetA2-Induced Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells
Methodology to Evaluate the Performance and Stability of Hydrogen Sulphide Scavengers (2019)

Abstract It is known that some H2S scavengers have the potential to cause fouling either from reaction products or by the influence of their chemistry on brine scaling potential. A series of methods for assessing the performance of the H2S scavengers and the likely hood of the generation of unwanted reaction by products is described along with the utility of each test methodology under different production conditions The performance of triazine- and aldehyde-based H2S scavengers are compared in a suite of laboratory tests, including liquid phase tests examining residual sulphides in solution and by measuring H2S in the gas phase using an in situ H2S detector. The tests are capable of differentiating between the performances of different H2S scavengers over a range of different test conditions and are applicable to those of the production process where scavengers are used. The work also shows that the absolute performance and relative performance or ranking of different scavengers is affected by the test methodology adopted and the work therefore illustrates the importance of selecting an appropriate test methodology for the intended field application. The efficiency of the scavengers was determined both under bulk liquid phase conditions and also by the contact time required to reduce the initial gas phase H2S concentration to the desired level and by calculating the scavenging capacity. This work presents both apparatus and methods which can be used for the evaluation and comparison of H2S scavengers. It describes primarily experimental design aspects and challenges associated with differentiating between free (unscavenged) H2S and reacted (i.e. scavenged / trapped) H2S in bulk liquid phase tests often utilised for preliminary screening of scavengers and recommends a procedure to allow such tests to be conducted routinely. Works then compare results with more conventional gas stream monitoring approaches. This work presented and the approaches described will then assist in the screening and product selection process and provides information on the conditions under which un-desirable solid by-products may be generated.
Hydrogel Microcapsules with Dynamic pH-Responsive Properties from Methacrylic Anhydride (2018)

Dynamic microcapsules are a highly sought-after class of encapsulant for advanced delivery applications with dynamically tunable release profiles, as actively manipulatable microreactors, or as selective microtraps for molecular separation and purification. Such dynamic microcapsules can only be realized with a nondestructive trigger-response mechanism that changes the permeability of the shell membrane reversibly, as found in hydrogels. However, the direct synthesis of a trigger-responsive hydrogel membrane around a water drop without the use of sacrificial templates remains elusive due to the incompatibility of the synthesis chemistry with aqueous emulsion processing. Here, we report on a facile approach to fabricate reversibly responsive hydrogel microcapsules utilizing reactive anhydride chemistry. Cross-linked and hydrophobic poly(methacrylic anhydride) microcapsules are obtained from microfluidic double emulsion drop templating that enables direct encapsulation of hydrophilic, water-suspended cargo within the aqueous core. Hydrolysis in aqueous environment yields microcapsules with a poly(acid) hydrogel shell that exhibit high mechanical and chemical stability for repeated cycling between its swollen and nonswollen states without rupture or fatigue. The permeability of the microcapsules is strongly dependent on the degree of swelling and hence can be actively and dynamically modified, enabling repeated capture, trap, and release of aqueous cargo over numerous cycles.
Two-Degree-of-Freedom Controller Design Based on a Data-Driven Estimation Approach (2022)

Data-driven control design is a method to create and tune controllers directly from the initial experimental data without a mathematical model to be controlled. Tracking and disturbance suppression are necessary to control real systems. A two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) control system is effective to simultaneously enhance the performances of both. This study proposes a direct data-driven tuning method for the controller parameters of a 2DOF control system using only one-shot initial experimental data without mathematical modeling of the controlled object. The proposed approach improves the tracking and disturbance suppression performances by utilizing an estimation method in which the sensitivity function and the closed-loop transfer function are identified after updating the parameters in the time domain. Specifically, the closed-loop response and control input are estimated after updating the parameters, realizing efficient control system design because the control performance can be evaluated prior to implementation. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a simulation for a mechanical system and an experiment for motor control are performed. The proposed method can estimate the response and control input of a 2DOF control system after updating the parameters by offline computations. The optimal control parameters can be obtained to enhance the tracking and disturbance suppression performances.
Differences among Major Rice Cultivars in Tensile Strength and Shattering of Grains during Ripening and Field Loss of Grains (1982)

Degree of grain shattering which is of varietal character is an important determinant for the magnitude of field loss of grains during harvest and threshing. Seven Indica \times Japonica progeny varieties and four Japonica varieties were subjected to measurements of tensile strength of grains, degree of grain shattering when panicles were dropped at 1.5m above concrete floor, and moisture content of grains (wet basis) during a period 35 to 63 days after heading. In addition, two varieties were tested for the relation of tensile strength of grains to the magnitude of field loss of grains in actual binder harvest. The 11 varieties differed conspicuously in tensile strength of grains and the degree of grain shattering: the weakest average tensile strength of grains of a variety was about 90g and the strongest about 250g with varying standard deviation of 30 to 60g. Three Indica \times Japonica varieties and one Japonica variety shattered I to 30% of the grains under the falling test. The threshold tensile strength of grains allowing grain shattering was estimated to be 180g on average for a sampling unit of 10 panicles, but only the grains having tensile strength weaker than 98g within the samples shattered. A decrease in average tensile strength by 10g below the threshold value corresponded to an increase of 3 to 5% in grain shattering. Most varieties did not change appreciably the tensile strength of grains and degree of grain shattering with delay in time of harvest and showed a negative correlation between the tensile strength and the moisture content of grains. The average tensile strength of grains was negatively correlated linearly with field loss in binder harvest. The average tensile strength for zero field loss in binder harvest was estimated to be 174g and a decrease in the average tensile strength by 10g corresponded to an increase of 40kg per hectare in field loss of grains. Instead of the average tensile strength of grains, the percentage of grains having tensile strength weaker than 100g is recommended as a criterion for the estimation of field loss of grains during harvesting operations as well as a basis of variety classification for grain shattering, since the standard deviation of tensile strength of grains varies much with variety and time of harvest, and individual grains having tensile strength stronger than 98 did not shatter practically.
THE RELEVANCE OF THE VALUE OF TIME SAVINGS TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES (1975)

The lack of attention paid to the value of time in developing countries is discussed, comments are made on the economic situation of developing countries arguments are presented against the inclusion of leisure time in valuation procedures, and observations are made regarding the value of time to commercial vehicles. It is observed that the present rather mechanical methods of appraisal are inadequate. Estimates of existing traffic, changes in vehicle operating costs, time savings and all the rest of the information currently collected is necessary, but the economic planner should provide more than just the internal rate of return or present value. There should be an attempt to consider the effects of investment upon the economy as a whole. In such analysis there is little reason to arbitrarily exclude leisure time savings though the practical import of these might be small and further reduced if the consumption benefits of high groups are given a low distributional weighting. Only when such analysis is carried out will the planner be able to offer guidance regarding the overall allocation of investment.
Engineering the Modal Shape of Graphene Nanoelectromechanical Systems Using Focused Ion Beam Milling (2018)

Graphene nanoelectromechanical (NEMS) systems offer great promise for ultrasensitive force, mass, and pressure sensors due to their extremely low mass and electronic integrability. Crucial to these applications is the ability to tune the shape of the mechanical modes and their corresponding resonance frequencies. Here, we show that Focused Ion Beam (FIB) milling is a high-yield means to engineer the shape of graphene NEMS, which in turn modifies their mode shape. We describe the specialized cutting methods necessary to achieve complex geometries such as beams, tapered beams, and trampolines. We transduce the mode shapes using optical interferometry and show that they are consistent with membrane theory. This work is an enabling step for future work which relies on well-defined mode shapes, such as point mass-sensing.
Proteus Syndrome of the Hand (2002)

Proteus syndrome exhibits an expanded phenotype. We report a case with restricted macrodactyly and cerebriform hypertrophy of one palm. The differential diagnosis with macrodactyly and other hamartomatous overgrowth syndromes is discussed.
Recurrent Neural Network based approach to recognize assamese vowels using experimentally derived acoustic-phonetic features (2013)

Vowels are the phonemes with greatest intensity and low frequencies. Assamese, which is considered as the lingua-franca of the entire north-east India, has eight vowel phonemes namely /i/, /e/, /ε/, /a/, /0/, /?/, /o/ and /u/. A Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based algorithm is described in this paper for the recognition of the vowel sounds from Assamese speech. The feature vector is generated by considering the acoustic phonetic features of vowels like duration, fundamental frequency (F0) and the four formant frequencies (F1, F2, F3 and F4). From the experimental results a recognition rate of 84 % is obtained which can be considered to be satisfactory in comparison to the current phoneme recognition strategy.
442: Coordinated Chemo-Radiation Therapy with Genital Preservation in the Management of Invasive Carcinoma of the Male Urethra (2005)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster, Sunday, May 22, 2005, 1:00 - 3:00 pm1 Apr 2005442: Coordinated Chemo-Radiation Therapy with Genital Preservation in the Management of Invasive Carcinoma of the Male Urethra Veronica Triaca, Brian Billmeyer, Lyubov Girshovich, Todd Shuster, Richard A. Oberfield, and Leonard Zinman Veronica TriacaVeronica Triaca More articles by this author , Brian BillmeyerBrian Billmeyer More articles by this author , Lyubov GirshovichLyubov Girshovich More articles by this author , Todd ShusterTodd Shuster More articles by this author , Richard A. OberfieldRichard A. Oberfield More articles by this author , and Leonard ZinmanLeonard Zinman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)34695-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "442: Coordinated Chemo-Radiation Therapy with Genital Preservation in the Management of Invasive Carcinoma of the Male Urethra." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 121 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 121 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Veronica Triaca More articles by this author Brian Billmeyer More articles by this author Lyubov Girshovich More articles by this author Todd Shuster More articles by this author Richard A. Oberfield More articles by this author Leonard Zinman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...