gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional reprogramming regulated by WRKY18 and WRKY40 facilitates powdery mildew infection of Arabidopsis (2010)

The two closely related Arabidopsis transcription factors, WRKY18 and WRKY40, play a major and partly redundant role in PAMP-triggered basal defense. We monitored the transcriptional reprogramming induced by the powdery mildew fungus, Golovinomyces orontii, during early stages of infection with respect to the role of WRKY18/40. Expression of >1300 Arabidopsis genes was differentially altered already 8 hours post infection (hpi), indicating rapid pre-penetration signaling between the pathogen and the host. We found that WRKY18/40 negatively affects pre-invasion host defenses and deduced a subset of genes that appear to be under WRKY18/40 control. A mutant lacking the WRKY18/40 repressors executes pathogen-dependent but exaggerated expression of some defense genes leading, for example, to strongly elevated levels of camalexin. This implies that WRKY18/40 act in a feedback repression system controlling basal defense. Moreover, using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), direct in vivo interactions of WRKY40 to promoter regions containing W box elements of the regulatory gene EDS1, the AP2-type transcription factor gene RRTF1 and to JAZ8, a member of the JA-signaling repressor gene family were demonstrated. Our data support a model in which WRKY18/40 negatively modulate the expression of positive regulators of defense such as CYP71A13, EDS1 and PAD4, but positively modulate the expression of some key JA-signaling genes by partly suppressing the expression of JAZ repressors.
Observation of geometric phase in three-level atoms (2003)

The geometric phases of optically driven atomic wave functions were measured with a photon echo technique in a three-level atomic system. The experimental results match well with simulations using the density matrix.
Glycoproteins bound to ion channels mediate detection of electric fields: A proposed mechanism and supporting evidence (2007)

The mechanism by which animals detect weak electric and magnetic fields has not yet been elucidated. We propose that transduction of an electric field (E) occurs at the apical membrane of a specialized cell as a consequence of an interaction between the field and glycoproteins bound to the gates of ion channels. According to the model, a glycoprotein mass (M) could control the gates of ion channels, where M > 1.4 x 10(-18)/E, resulting in a signal of sufficient strength to overcome thermal noise. Using the electroreceptor organ of Kryptopterus as a mathematical and experimental model, we showed that at the frequency of maximum sensitivity (10 Hz), fields as low as 2 microV/m could be detected, and that the observation could be explained if a glycoprotein mass of 0.7 x 10(-12) kg (a sphere 11 microm in diameter) were bound to channel gates. Antibodies against apical membrane structures in Kryptopterus blocked field transduction, which was consistent with the proposal that it occurred at the membrane surface. Although the target of the field was hypothesized to be an ion channel, the proposed mechanism can easily be extended to include other kinds of membrane proteins.
Role of dipole-dipole interactions in multiple quantum transitions in magnetic nanoparticles (2009)

In order to better understand the origin of multiple quantum transitions observed in superparamagnetic nanoparticles, electron magnetic resonance (EMR) studies have been performed on iron oxide nanoparticles assembled inside the anodic alumina membrane. The positions of both the main resonance and "forbidden" (double-quantum, 2Q) transitions observed at the half-field demonstrate the characteristic angular dependence with the line shifts proportional to 3cos2q-1, where q is the angle between the channel axis and external magnetic field B. This result can be attributed to the interparticle dipole-dipole interactions within elongated aggregates inside the channels. The angular dependence of the 2Q intensity is found to be proportional to sin2qcos2q, that is consistent with the predictions of quantum-mechanical calculations with the account for the mixing of states by non-secular inter-particle dipole-dipole interactions. Good agreement is demonstrated between different kinds of measurements (magnetization curves, line shifts and 2Q intensity), evidencing applicability of the quantum approach to the magnetization dynamics of superparamagnetic objects.
Ist das Bindegewebe ein Organ? (2010)

Bindegewebe gibt es fast überall im Körper. Es verbindet, wie der Name sagt, Knochen, Gelenke, Muskeln und Organe untereinander, ebenso Nerven und Gefäße. Es hält oder vermittelt Spannung, bremst Bewegung oder polstert auch, um Schaden zu vermeiden. Dabei ist es sehr anpassungsfähig, entsprechend seiner jeweiligen Aufgabe. Als Sehnen oder Bänder des Bewegungsapparats ist es sehr dicht und widerstandsfähig. Gilt es, die Gleitfähigkeit von Organen oder Nerven gegeneinander zu gewährleisten, ist es lockerer aufgebaut und beinhaltet Fettzellen. Sehr locker ist das Bindegewebe in Drüsen gefügt, während es als Grundgerüst von Knochen oder Knorpel sehr steif sein muss. Als Umhüllung oder innere Stütze von Muskeln ist Elastizität wichtig, wie auch in den Wänden von Gefäßen.
Architectural Adaptability in Parallel Programming via Control Abstraction (1991)

In this paper we show how to adapt a parallel program to different architectures using control abstraction. With control abstraction we can define and use a rich variety of control constructs to represent an algorithm''s potential parallelism. Since control abstraction separates the definition of a construct from its implementation, a construct may have several different implementations, each exploiting a different subset of the parallelism admitted by the construct. By selecting an implementation for each control construct using annotations, we can vary the parallelism we choose to exploit without otherwise changing the source code. This approach produces programs that exhibit most of, if not all, the potential parallelism in an algorithm, and whose performance can be tuned for a specific architecture simply by choosing among the various implementations for the control constructs in use.
Volumetric Nephrogram Represents Renal Function and Complements Aortic Anatomic Severity Grade in Predicting EVAR Outcomes (2018)

These data demonstrate that VN is a strong predictor of CKD in a large database of patients undergoing elective aneurysm repair. We demonstrate an inverse relationship between renal function and ASG that has not been previously described in the literature. Additionally, we have shown that VN complements ASG as a model of overall cardiovascular health and atherosclerotic burden. Outcomes in patients with poor renal function may be related to anatomical issues in addition to well-described systemic ramifications.
A Case of Solid and Papillary Epithelial Neoplasm of Pancreas in a Young Adolescent (2002)

저자들은 복부 외상 후 크기가 증가하는 종괴와 동통을 주소로 내원한 13세 여아에서 췌장 원위부 절제술을 시행하여 조직학적으로 췌장 고형유두상피 종양을 진단하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.Solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm (SPEN) of the pancreas is an uncommon tumor and is found predominan...
Indoor throughput and range improvements using standard compliant AP antenna diversity in IEEE 802.11a and ETSI HIPERLAN/2 (2002)

This paper explores the application of space-time diversity techniques to enhance the performance of 5 GHz WLAN. The analysis is based on systems conforming to either the IEEE 802.11a or ETSI HIPERLAN/2 standard. Two antennas are assumed at the access point (AP) with a single antenna at the mobile terminal (MT). Downlink (DL) improvements are offered via the application of one of two fully compliant diversity schemes. The first technique can be applied to time division duplex (TDD) OFDM systems (ie, HIPERLAN/2) and is based on adaptive sub-band phase compensation. The second technique can be applied to non-TDD systems (ie, 802.11a) and makes use of spatial transmit delay diversity. Uplink (UL) improvement is offered via the use of spatial receive diversity with maximal ratio sub-band combining. Software simulated physical (PHY) layer packet error rate (PER) results are presented for the various methods and compared with those of an unaided transceiver. Combining the enhanced link level results with an analysis of the 802.11a and HIPERLAN/2 protocols, the expected throughput and range enhancements for both standards are computed.
Sulfoborierung cyclischer Ether — ein präparativer Weg zu Mercaptoalkanolen und Bis(hydroxyalkyl)sulfiden (1992)

Sulfoboration of Cyclic Ethers — A Preparative Route to Mercaptoalkanols and Bis(hydroxyalkyl) Sulfides Bis(1,5‐cyclooctanediylboryl) sulfide ( 1 ) reacts slowly with the cyclic ethers A – D to give the O , S ‐bis(9‐BBN)mercaptoalkanols 2a – d in excellent yields. From oxetane ( E ) and 1 , however, 2e is obtained rapidly, which further reacts with E to yield the bis(9‐BBN‐oxypropyl) sulfide 3ee . 2a and c react with E to form mixed thioethers 3ae and 3ce , respectively. The methanolysis of 2a – e leads to the O ‐(9‐BBN)mercaptoalkanols 4a – e . The compounds 2 and 3 react with acetylacetone or with 2‐aminoethanol to yield the mercaptoalkanols 7a – c , e and the bis(hydroxyalkyl) sulfides 8ae , 8ce and 8ee , resp., in high yields beside the 9‐BBN‐chelates 5 or 6 .
Microscopic insight into non-radiative decay in perovskite semiconductors from temperature-dependent luminescence blinking (2019)

Organo-metal halide perovskites are promising solution-processed semiconductors, however, they possess diverse and largely not understood non-radiative mechanisms. Here, we resolve contributions of individual non-radiative recombination centers (quenchers) in nanocrystals of methylammonium lead iodide by studying their photoluminescence blinking caused by random switching of quenchers between active and passive states. We propose a model to describe the observed reduction of blinking upon cooling and determine energetic barriers of 0.2 to 0.8 eV for enabling the switching process, which points to ion migration as the underlying mechanism. Moreover, due to the strong influence of individual quenchers, the crystals show very individually-shaped photoluminescence enhancement upon cooling, suggesting that the high variety of activation energies of the PL enhancement reported in literature is not related to intrinsic properties but rather to the defect chemistry. Stabilizing the fluctuating quenchers in their passive states thus appears to be a promising strategy for improving the material quality.
Microbiomic and Metabolomic Analyses Unveil the Protective Effect of Saffron in a Mouse Colitis Model (2023)

Despite the existence of effective drugs used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), many patients fail to respond or lose response over time. Further, many drugs can carry serious adverse effects, including increased risk of infections and malignancies. Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus</i>) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. Its protective role in IBD and how the microbiome and metabolome play a role has not been explored extensively. We aimed to establish whether saffron treatment modulates the host microbiome and metabolic profile in experimental colitis. Colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice with 3% DSS and treated with either saffron in a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight or vehicle through daily gavage. On day 10, stool pellets from mice were collected and analyzed to assess saffron's effect on fecal microbiota and metabolites through 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted primary metabolite analysis. Saffron treatment maintained gut microbiota homeostasis by counter-selecting pro-inflammatory bacteria and maintained Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio, which was otherwise disturbed by DSS treatment. Several metabolites (uric acid, cholesterol, 2 hydroxyglutaric acid, allantoic acid, 2 hydroxyhexanoic acid) were altered significantly with saffron treatment in DSS-treated mice, and this might play a role in mediating saffron's colitis-mitigating effects. These data demonstrate saffron's therapeutic potential, and its protective role is modulated by gut microbiota, potentially acting through changes in metabolites.
Characterization of wavelength tunable quantum dot external cavity laser (QD-ECL) for 1.3-μm waveband narrow line-width coherent light source (2011)

2011 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,Characterization of wavelength tunable quantum dot external cavity laser (QD-ECL) for 1.3-μm waveband narrow line-width coherent light source
Data from Heparanase Induces Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression: Correlation with p38 Phosphorylation Levels and Src Activation (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Heparanase is an endo-β-d-glucuronidase involved in cleavage of heparan sulfate moieties and hence participates in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and remodeling. Traditionally, heparanase activity was correlated with the metastatic potential of a variety of tumor-derived cell types. Cloning of the heparanase gene indicated that heparanase expression is up-regulated in a variety of primary human tumors. In some cases, heparanase up-regulation correlated with increased tumor vascularity, an angiogenic feature that could be recapitulated in a number of &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; models. The mechanism by which heparanase enhances angiogenic responses is not entirely clear but is thought to be mediated primarily by release of ECM-resident angiogenic growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Here, we examined the possibility that heparanase directly participates in VEGF gene regulation. We provide evidence that heparanase overexpression in human embryonic kidney 293, MDA-MB-435 human breast carcinoma, and rat C6 glioma cells resulted in a 3- to 6-fold increase in VEGF protein and mRNA levels, which correlated with elevation of p38 phosphorylation. Moreover, heparanase down-regulation in B16 mouse melanoma cells by a specific siRNA vector was accompanied by a decrease in VEGF and p38 phosphorylation levels, suggesting that VEGF gene expression is regulated by endogenous heparanase. Interestingly, a specific p38 inhibitor did not attenuate VEGF up-regulation by heparanase whereas Src inhibitors completely abrogated this effect. These results indicate, for the first time, that heparanase is actively involved in the regulation of VEGF gene expression, mediated by activation of Src family members. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1455-63)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Time-varying effects in models for current-mode control (2002)

This paper investigates issues in modeling of current-mode controlled DC-DC converters. The effects of the current-sampling intrinsic to current-mode control are analyzed, and inadequately recognized limitations of linear, time invariant models at high frequencies are exposed. The paper also examines the geometric methods used to derive duty ratio constraints in averaged models of current-mode control. The conclusions are supported by simulation and experimental results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Intramitochondrial Functions Regulate Nonmitochondrial Citrate Synthase (CIT2) Expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1991)

We have examined the effects of perturbation of mitochondrial function on expression of two nuclear genes encoding the mitochondrial and peroxisomal forms of citrate synthase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, CIT1 and CIT2. CIT2 expression was as much as 30-fold higher in [rho0] petites, than in isochromosomal [rho+] cells, whereas CIT1 expression was slightly down regulated in [rho0] cells. CIT2 expression was also increased in [rho+] cells by inhibition of respiration with antimycin A or in [rho+] cells containing a disruption of the CIT1 gene. These effects were additive, and together they approached the level of CIT2 expression seen in [rho0] cells. Experiments using heterologous gene fusions showed that all of the effects leading to increased expression of CIT2 were transcriptionally controlled through 5'-flanking CIT2 DNA sequences. Analysis of [rho+] and [rho0] cells containing disruptions of CIT1 and CIT2, singly and in combination, showed that the peroxisomal citrate synthase could partially spare the mitochondrial isoform for growth yield in [rho+] but not in [rho0] cells. These studies suggest a physiological role for increased expression of CIT2 in cells with altered mitochondrial function. They also provide additional evidence for a retrograde path of communication from mitochondria to the nucleus in yeast cells.
Molecular Characterization of a Hamster Oviduct-Specific Glycoprotein1 (1995)

There is growing evidence that the oviduct is not a passive conduit for gamete and embryo transport but serves a function for the gametes and/or embryos. The oviductal epithelium secretes one or more specific glycoproteins that associate with the egg after ovulation. Several published reports including our preliminary studies have suggested that the egg-associating glycoprotein(s) from the oviduct exists in several mammalian species including golden hamster. However, little or almost no biochemical characterization of the hamster oviduct-specific glycoprotein (HOGP) has been reported. To analyze the molecular structure of the HOGP in detail, we have attempted molecular cloning of cDNA corresponding to HOGP. A cDNA library constructed from the hamster oviduct in the phage vector lambda ZAPII was screened with digoxigenin-labeled, baboon oviduct-specific glycoprotein cDNA as the probe. A single positive clone was isolated, and the nucleotide sequence of the isolated cDNA was determined. Rapid amplification of cDNA end was carried out to obtain a proximal 5' cDNA end of the clone. The cDNA clone consisted of 2387 bp, and the coding region contained 2013 bp translating to 671 amino acids. The amino acid sequence deduced from the cDNA sequence confirmed the chemically determined NH2-terminal sequence of a HOGP and suggested that the derived amino acid sequence contained a signal peptide region (21 amino acids) and 650 amino acids (70,890 daltons) of the mature form of the HOGP region. The amino acid sequence of HOGP appeared to have eight potential N-glycosylation sites. Northern blot analysis revealed that a single message of approximately 2.5 kb was present in oviductal RNA but not in the RNA of several other hamster tissues. The HOGP showed high amino acid sequence homology with baboon, bovine, and human oviduct-specific glycoprotein. These results demonstrate that an oviduct-specific glycoprotein homologue gene exists in various mammalian species including rodent.
Aminopeptidase from Streptomyces gedanensis as a useful Tool for Protein Hydrolysate Preparations with Improved Functional Properties (2012)

AP from S. gedanensis was found to be the most effective enzyme to produce PHs with good antioxidant, nutritional, and functional properties. The antioxidant and essential amino acids of AP treated PHs unveiled that this amino peptidase could give credence to eliminate the bitter taste by hydrolysis of peptides and could offer interesting possibilities for industrial applications, including debittering of protein hydrolysates. The findings could be useful in the food industry especially in the realm of producing food formulations requiring high protein supplements.
"Molecular Carbon in the Galaxy: Laboratory and Observational Studies" (Award Period: 04/01/00 - 03/31/03) (2003)

cavity ringdown spectroscopy, determining a rotationaYtranslationa1 temperature of 20-60K, depending on conditions. This new source was then taken to Stockholm for the recombination rate studies at the CRYRING storage ring. The recombination rate constant measured against temperature yields values consistent
Development of a Blastoid Variant, Mantle Cell Lymphoma Model in Transgenic Mice. (2005)

Abstract Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) is a poorly understood, aggressive histotype of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas (NHL-B) that remains the most therapeutically resistant of the NHL-B. Little is known regarding why MCL is so clinically aggressive and therapeutically refractory. Blastoid variant MCL (MCL-BV) is an even more aggressive form of MCL that appears to be increasing in incidence in the US. It may represent progression from classic MCL, often with leukemic involvement and complex lymphoma karyotypes. Interleukin 14 (IL-14) is cytokine that was identified and cloned from a Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cell line that acts as a growth factor for normal B-lymphocytes. The expression of IL-14a protein and mRNA levels are elevated at lease fifty-fold in B-cell non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas (NHL-B), including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), in contrast to very low levels of IL-14a in quiescent (Go) B cells by both western and northern blot analysis. To evaluate the role of IL-14 in vivo, we have generated transgenic mice expressing IL-14 with pEuSR. The IL-14 TG mice generally live a normal life span, however when autopsies are performed at 18 months of age, splenomegaly is noted, and 50% have evidence of B cell lymphoma. This lymphoma is CD5+, CD19+, sIgM+, CD21− and contains a monoclonal population of B-lymphocytes with rearranged immunoglobulin genes. Morphologically the lymphoma arising in IL-14 transgenic mice resembles the centroblastic/Immunoblastic histotype of DLBCL. Because of the frequent involvement of c-myc in various B cell malignancies, we crossed Eμ-myc (c-myc TG) mice with the IL-14 TG mice. By 3 months of age, 100% of the double transgenic (DTG) mice develop an aggressive B cell malignancy that is characterized by extensive lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly with intermediate to large atypical lymphoid cells, strongly resembling MCL-BV morphologically. This tumor, like that derived from the IL-14 TG mice, is CD5+, CD19+, sIgM+, CD21−. It is also CD23− and over-expresses Cyclin D1 in monoclonal B lymphoid cells with re-arranged IgH immunoglobulin genes, mimicking the MCL phenotype. At the time of autopsy, tumor infiltration of DTG mice is generally found in all organs evaluated, including peripheral blood, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, thymus and kidneys, consistent with the usual findings in MCL-BV. No tumors are observed in IL-14α TG or c-myc TG mice autopsied at this age. This MCL-BV model allows for the molecular and genotypic characterization of the murine B lymphoid cell compartment from birth to lymphoma development (3 mos.), including histogenesis and functional determination of the growth and survival characteristics of these tumors in DTG bone marrow and peripheral B cell populations. Preliminary comparative in vitro and in vivo (SCID Xeno-transplants) studies in DTG/MCL-BV lymphomas have shown additional molecular similarities to the pathophysiology (e.g constitutive NF-kB activation) of MCL-BV cell lines and patient samples, that should provide insights for future potential therapeutic approaches to MCL.
Coherent time-resolved detection of THz radiation from quantum cascade lasers (2012)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: Condensed Heteroaromatic Ring Systems. Part 10. Synthesis of Benzindoles from o‐ Bromonaphthylamines. (1986)

Abstract Die Palladium‐katalysierte Kupplung der drei isomeren Brom‐naphthylcarbamate (I), (V) und (VIII) mit den Acetylenen (II) liefert die Ary lalkine (III), (VI) und (IX), die direkt als Rohprodukte mit Natriumethanolat in Ethanol zu den isomeren Benzindolen (IV), (VII) und (X) cyclisiert werden.