gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low HDL-Cholesterol Concentrations in Lung Transplant Candidates are Strongly Associated With One-Year Mortality After Lung Transplantation (2023)

High-density lipoproteins (HDLs), whose main role is the reverse transport of cholesterol, also have pleiotropic anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-infectious properties. During sepsis, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration is low, HDL particle functionality is altered, and these modifications are correlated with poor outcomes. Based on the protective effects of HDL, we hypothesized that HDL-C levels could be associated with lung transplantation (LT) outcome. We thus looked for an association between basal HDL-C concentration and one-year mortality after LT. In this single-center prospective study including consecutive LTs from 2015 to 2020, 215 patients were included, essentially pulmonary fibrosis (47%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (38%) patients. Mortality rate at one-year was 23%. Basal HDL-C concentration stratified nonsurvivors to survivors at one-year (HDL-C = 1.26 [1.12-1.62] mmol/L vs. HDL-C = 1.55 [1.22-1.97] mmol/L, <i>p</i> = 0.006). Multivariate analysis confirmed that HDL-C concentration during the pretransplant assessment period was the only variable inversely associated with mortality. Moreover, mortality at one-year in patients with HDL-C concentrations ≤1.45 mmol/L was significantly higher (log-rank test, <i>p</i> = 0.00085). In conclusion, low basal HDL-C concentrations in candidates for LT are strongly associated with mortality after LT. To better understand this association, further studies in this field are essential and, in particular, a better characterization of HDL particles seems necessary.
Nonlinear Driver Models for Timing and Noise Analysis (2004)

This paper presents a novel and flexible modeling technique to generate accurate linear and nonlinear driver models with applications in timing and noise analysis. The new technique, based on Galerkin's finite elements method, is very efficient because it relies on existing logic block characterization for timing, does not require additional nonlinear circuit simulations during modeling, and generates reusable models. The performance of the proposed modeling technique is exemplified in two different implementations: nonlinear driver models for delay noise analysis and piece-wise linear driver models for static-timing analysis.
Variational theory of RF-driven currents (1983)

A variational theory for plasma currents driven by Radio Frequency waves is proposed. This theory agrees with earlier theories when the phase velocity of the waves is large but predicts enhanced currents at low phase velocities. The implications of these results are discussed.
Multi-Task Learning via Conic Programming (2007)

When we have several related tasks, solving them simultaneously is shown to be more effective than solving them individually. This approach is called multi-task learning (MTL) and has been studied extensively. Existing approaches to MTL often treat all the tasks as uniformly related to each other and the relatedness of the tasks is controlled globally. For this reason, the existing methods can lead to undesired solutions when some tasks are not highly related to each other, and some pairs of related tasks can have significantly different solutions. In this paper, we propose a novel MTL algorithm that can overcome these problems. Our method makes use of a task network, which describes the relation structure among tasks. This allows us to deal with intricate relation structures in a systematic way. Furthermore, we control the relatedness of the tasks locally, so all pairs of related tasks are guaranteed to have similar solutions. We apply the above idea to support vector machines (SVMs) and show that the optimization problem can be cast as a second order cone program, which is convex and can be solved efficiently. The usefulness of our approach is demonstrated through simulations with protein super-family classification and ordinal regression problems. 1
Arrays of Arrays for High-Throughput Gene Expression Profiling (2001)

Gene expression profiling using DNA arrays is rapidly becoming an essential tool for research and drug discovery and may soon play a central role in disease diagnosis. Although it is possible to make significant discoveries on the basis of a relatively small number of expression profiles, the full potential of this technology is best realized through more extensive collections of expression measurements. The generation of large numbers of expression profiles can be a time-consuming and labor-intensive process with current one-at-a-time technology. We have developed the ability to obtain expression profiles in a highly parallel yet straightforward format using glass wafers that contain 49 individual high-density oligonucleotide arrays. This arrays of arrays concept is generalizable and can be adapted readily to other types of arrays, including spotted cDNA microarrays. It is also scalable for use with hundreds and even thousands of smaller arrays on a single piece of glass. Using the arrays of arrays approach and parallel preparation of hybridization samples in 96-well plates, we were able to determine the patterns of gene expression in 27 ovarian carcinomas and 4 normal ovarian tissue samples, along with a number of control samples, in a single experiment. This new approach significantly increases the ease, efficiency, and throughput of microarray-based experiments and makes possible new applications of expression profiling that are currently impractical.
Status of TiOx Antireflective Coating in the United States (1974)

The performance of glassed and unglassed Ti0x-coated silicon cells is compared to Si0-coated cells for coating thicknesses from 100 to 200 nm. The experiment was made on cells having initially the same quantum efficiency allowing complete separation of coating induced effects. U.S. cells only showed an adusted improvement of 2.6% for Ti0x-coatings over Si0-coatings as compared to an expected range of 4.8 to 5.5% as based on European investigations. Spectral reflectance analysis showed some destinct differences between the various cell types. This may be related to cell crystal orientation. All cells showed much higher reflectance at the minimum than predicted by theoretical analyses.
Enzyme Induction in Green Monkey Kidney Cultures Infected with Simian Adenovirus (1967)

Thymidine kinase was induced after infection of an established strain of green monkey kidney cells (CV-1) with simian adenovirus SV15. Increased levels of thymidine kinase were first observed 8 to 10 hr postinoculation (PI), and the levels increased four- to eightfold by 16 to 24 hr PI. A transient increase (1.5- to 3-fold) of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase activity was also observed about 18 hr PI, but the level of deoxycytidylic deaminase was not enhanced. The inductions of thymidine kinase and DNA polymerase were not obtained when protein synthesis was inhibited with 10(-5) M cycloheximide. However, the enzyme increases did take place when infected cultures were treated with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C), an inhibitor of DNA synthesis and SV15 replication. The incorporation of tritium-labeled thymidine (H(3)-dT) into DNA was also stimulated 8 to 24 hr after infection with SV15.
Synthesis of a novel spirocyclic lactone in a potential route to squalestatin 1 (1994)

H. Abdel-Rahman, J. P. Adams, A. L. Boyes, M. J. Kelly, R. B. Lamont, D. J. Mansfield, P. A. Procopiou, S. M. Roberts, D. H. Slee and N. S. Watson, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1994, 1259 DOI: 10.1039/P19940001259
Ignition Probability and Lean Ignition Behavior of a Swirled Premixed Bluff Body Stabilized Annular Combustor (2020)

Abstract An experimental investigation was performed in a premixed annular combustor equipped with multiple swirl, bluff body burners to assess the ignition probability and to provide insights into the mechanisms of failure and of successful flame propagation. The experiments are done at conditions that are close to the lean blow-off (LBO) limit, and hence, the ignition is difficult and close to the limiting condition when ignition is not possible. Two configurations were employed, with 12 and 18 burners, the mixture velocity was varied between 10 and 30 m/s, and the equivalence ratio (ϕ) between 0.58 and 0.68. Ignition was initiated by a sequence of sparks (2 mm gap, 10 sparks of 10 ms each) and “ignition” is defined as successful ignition of the whole annular combustor. The mechanism of success and failure of the ignition process and the flame propagation patterns were investigated via high-speed imaging (10 kHz) of OH* chemiluminescence. The lean ignition limits were evaluated and compared to the LBO limits, finding the 12-burner configuration is more stable than the 18-burner. It was found that failure is linked to the trapping of the initial flame kernel inside the inner recirculation zone (IRZ) of a single burner adjacent to the spark, followed by localized quenching on the bluff body probably due to heat losses. In contrast, for a successful ignition, it was necessary for the flame kernel to propagate to the adjacent burner or for a flame pocket to be convected downstream in the chamber to grow and start propagating upward. Finally, the ignition probability (Pign) was obtained for different spark locations. It was found that sparking inside the recirculation zone resulted in Pign∼0 for most conditions, while Pign increased moving the spark away from the bluff body or placing it between two burners and peaked to Pign∼1 when the spark was located downstream in the combustion chamber, where the velocities are lower and the turbulence less intense. The results provide information on the most favorable conditions for achieving ignition in a complex multiburner geometry and could help the design and optimization of realistic gas turbine combustors.
Development of Theory and Practice in Fermentation and Secondary Fermentation of Beer. (2002)

Teorie kvasnĂŠho procesu piva prodÄlala dlouhĂ˝ vĂ˝voj od mechanickĂŠho vĂ˝kladu pĹes vysvÄtlovĂĄnĂ­ na zĂĄkladÄ pouze chemickĂ˝ch reakcĂ­ aĹž po poznĂĄnĂ­ biologickĂŠho anaerobnĂ­ho procesu kvaĹĄenĂ­ za ĂşÄasti pivovarskĂ˝ch kvasinek a vĂ˝znamu enzymovĂ˝ch reakcĂ­&nbsp; v 19. stoletĂ­. NĂĄsledovala izolace a zavĂĄdÄnĂ­ ÄistĂ˝ch kultur kvasinek v praxi pivovarĹŻ a poznatky o infekÄnĂ­ch mikroorganismech v pivovarskĂŠ vĂ˝robÄ. oznĂĄnĂ­ metabolismu kvasinek a jeho mechanismĹŻ&nbsp; v&nbsp;50. letech 20. stoletĂ­ umoĹžnil rychlĂ˝ vĂ˝voj modernĂ­ch laboratornĂ­ch technik, pĹedevĹĄĂ­m chromatografickĂ˝ch a elektroforetickĂ˝ch. VĂ˝zkum transportu&nbsp; cukrĹŻ do buĹky a jejich&nbsp; postupnĂŠho zkvaĹĄovĂĄnĂ­ v 80. letech&nbsp; upĹesnil poĹžadavky na sloĹženĂ­ mladiny a umoĹžnil optimalizaci kvasnĂŠho procesu pĹedevĹĄĂ­m pĹi zavĂĄdÄnĂ­ CKT. OsvÄtlil inhibiÄnĂ­ pĹŻsobenĂ­ hladiny glukosy v mediu&nbsp; na zkvaĹĄovĂĄnĂ­&nbsp; maltosy. PoznĂĄnĂ­ postupnĂŠ absorpce aminokyselin mladiny pivovarskĂ˝mi kvasinkami pomohlo napĹ. vysvÄtlit zvĂ˝ĹĄenou tvorbu vicinĂĄlnĂ­ch diketonĹŻ pĹi dlouhodobĂŠm napouĹĄtÄnĂ­ CKT a optimalizovat tento Ăşsek vĂ˝roby. V&nbsp;80. letech minulĂŠho stoletĂ­ se zaÄalo v&nbsp;pivovarstvĂ­ uplatĹovat genovĂŠ inĹženĂ˝rstvĂ­, jehoĹž vĂ˝sledkem jsou nejen novĂŠ odrĹŻdy jeÄmene, ale i kmeny kvasnic s&nbsp;novĂ˝mi vnesenĂ˝mi vlastnostmi. VĂ˝voj poznĂĄnĂ­ vĂ˝znamu fyzikĂĄlnÄ chemickĂ˝ch a biochemickĂ˝ch vlastnostĂ­ mladiny a geneticky kĂłdovanĂ˝ch metabolickĂ˝ch schopnostĂ­ kvasinek postupnÄ rozĹĄiĹoval poÄet sledovanĂ˝ch kritĂŠriĂ­. Byly prohlubovĂĄny znalosti o geneticky kĂłdovanĂ˝ch vlastnostech jednotlivĂ˝ch kvasniÄnĂ˝ch kmenĹŻ a jejich vĂ˝znam na prĹŻbÄh technologie a kvality piva. VĂ˝sledky vĂ˝zkumu upĹesĹovaly kritĂŠria mladiny, kvasinek i technologickĂ˝ch postupĹŻ, zvlĂĄĹĄtÄ od 60. let minulĂŠho stoletĂ­ v&nbsp;souvislosti s rozvojem realizace velkoobjemovĂ˝ch nĂĄdob pro kvaĹĄenĂ­ a dokvaĹĄovĂĄnĂ­ v&nbsp;praxi a od 70. let se zvyĹĄujĂ­cĂ­mi se poĹžadavky na senzorickou stabilitu piva. PostupnĂŠ poznĂĄvĂĄnĂ­ reakcĂ­ tvorby komponent starĂŠ chuti piva mÄlo vliv na zmÄnu nÄkterĂ˝ch dĹĂ­ve poĹžadovanĂ˝ch hodnot u sladu a mladiny.
Strukturbestimmung von faserförmigen Gelbildnern mit Röntgenmethoden – Polymorphismus von Cholesterylanthrachinon‐2‐carboxylat (1996)

Überraschend gut strukturiert sind Gele, die aus faserbildenden Molekülen wie denen der Titelverbindung 1 gebildet werden. Dies ließ sich jetzt anhand von Pulverdiagrammen zeigen und auch, wie sich die Struktur der Gele in Abhängigkeit vom Lösungsmittel ändert. magnified image
Improved delivery of angiogenesis inhibitors from PLGA:poloxamer blend micro- and nanoparticles (2010)

Clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of new strategies in cancer therapy, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, associated to the administration of tumour vascularization inhibitors. A critical limitation for the clinical application of angiogenesis inhibitors relies in their instability in biological environment and high-dose requirements. This work has attempted to overcome this limitation by designing an adequate delivery vehicle consisting of PLGA:poloxamer blend micro- and nanoparticles. The potential of this delivery system was investigated for a new synthetic angiogenesis inhibitor named polyaminoacid JS-2892b. PLGA:poloxamer (ratio 10 : 1) blend microparticles were prepared by the oil-in-oil emulsion technique, while PLGA:poloxamer (ratio 1 : 1) blend nanoparticles were obtained by a modified solvent diffusion technique. The results showed that, by adjusting the formulation conditions, it was possible to efficiently encapsulate the polyaminoacid JS-2892b within PLGA:poloxamer micro- (particle size of 20 microm and encapsulation efficiency higher than 90%) and nanoparticles (particle size of less than 280 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 52%). In addition, the delivery of the polyaminoacid JS-2892b from the particles could be controlled, without altering its stability, for extended periods of time (from a few days to over a month). The release of the encapsulated compound was significantly affected by the particle size and the way the drug is dispersed into the polymeric matrix. Therefore, this study provides information about the formulation conditions and potential of biodegradable particles for the controlled release of polyaminoacid JS-2892b.
Posttranslational Modifications and the Immunogenicity of Biotherapeutics (2016)

Whilst the amino acid sequence of a protein is determined by its gene sequence, the final structure and function are determined by posttranslational modifications (PTMs), including quality control (QC) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and during passage through the Golgi apparatus. These processes are species and cell specific and challenge the biopharmaceutical industry when developing a production platform for the generation of recombinant biologic therapeutics. Proteins and glycoproteins are also subject to chemical modifications (CMs) both in vivo and in vitro. The individual is naturally tolerant to molecular forms of self-molecules but nonself variants can provoke an immune response with the generation of anti-drug antibodies (ADA); aggregated forms can exhibit enhanced immunogenicity and QC procedures are developed to avoid or remove them. Monoclonal antibody therapeutics (mAbs) are a special case because their purpose is to bind the target, with the formation of immune complexes (ICs), a particular form of aggregate. Such ICs may be removed by phagocytic cells that have antigen presenting capacity. These considerations may frustrate the possibility of ameliorating the immunogenicity of mAbs by rigorous exclusion of aggregates from drug product. Alternate strategies for inducing immunosuppression or tolerance are discussed.
Light harvesting arrays (2023)

A light harvesting array useful for the manufacture of devices such as solar cells comprises: (a) a first substrate comprising a first electrode; and (b) a layer of light harvesting rods electrically coupled to the first electrode, each of the light harvesting rods comprising a polymer of Formula I: wherein m is at least 1, and may be from two, three or four to 20 or more; X.sup.1 is a charge separation group (and preferably a porphyrinic macrocycle, which may be one ligand of a double-decker sandwich compound) having an excited-state of energy equal to or lower than that of X.sup.2, and X.sup.2 through X.sup.m+1 are chromophores (and again are preferably porphyrinic macrocycles).
Prognostic Significance of Serum Beta-2 Microglobulin in Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (2014)

Our results demonstrated an association between serum β2-M and NHL prognosis. Combining β2-M with IPI may help to improve the prognostic accuracy of NHL.
LPV: A Log Parser Based on Vectorization for Offline and Online Log Parsing (2020)

As the first and foremost step of typical automatic log analysis, log parsing has attracted a lot of interest. Most of existing studies treat log messages as pure strings and rely on string matching or string distance. In NLP, word2vec has shown very efficient and effective in representing words with low dimensional vectors. Inspired by this, in this paper we propose a novel method, called LPV (Log Parser based on Vectorization), for both offline and online log parsing. The central idea of our method in offline log parsing is to first convert log messages into vectors, and measure the similarity between two log messages by the distance between two vectors, then log messages can be clustered via clustering the vectors, and log templates can be extracted from the resulting clusters. For online log parsing, we also assign log templates with some kind of average vectors, so that the similarity between an incoming log message and each log template can also be measured by the distance between two vectors. We have conducted extensive experiments based on three widely used log datasets, and the results demonstrate that our proposed method LPV can achieve a competitive performance, compared against state-of-the-art log parsing methods.
Emulsions of oil from Adenanthera pavonina L. seeds and their protective effect (2006)

In our previous study, we developed very stable formulations of submicron oil-in-water emulsions from Adenanthera pavonina L. (family Leguminosae, subfamily Mimosoideae) seed oil, stabilised with soybean lecithin (SPC). Continuing our research, we introduced an additional co-emulsifier, Tween 80, to those formulations in order to decrease the size of the emulsion particles and improve their stability. Formulations with a mean particle size ranging from 43.6 to 306.5 nm and a negative surface charge from -45.3 to -28.5 mV were obtained. Our stability experiments also revealed that most of the tested formulations had a very good degree of stability over a 3-month storage period, both at 4 degrees C and at room temperature. Since many intravenous injectable drugs exhibit lytic activity against erythrocytes, we examined this activity for the emulsion form of cardol, a natural compound with already proven hemolytic properties. The incorporation of this agent into the emulsion caused an evident decrease in hemolytic activity (97-99%). This highly protective effect, observed against sheep erythrocytes, was independent of both the composition and the particle size of the emulsions used. Our studies suggest that nonionic surfactant/phospholipid-based emulsions containing this edible oil of A. pavonina L. may be useful as an alternative formulation matrix for pharmaceutical, nutritional or cosmetic applications of otherwise membrane-acting components.
Delivery of Colloidal Particles and Red Blood Cells to Tissue Through Microvessel Ruptures Created by Targeted Microbubble Destruction With Ultrasound (1998)

Microvessel ruptures caused by insonification of microbubbles in vivo may provide a minimally invasive means for delivering colloidal particles and engineered red blood cells across the endothelial lining of a targeted tissue region.
Design, realization, and evaluation of a millimeter‐wave network analyzer using a single six‐port reflectometer (1995)

Abstract This work presents an automatic network analyzer (ANA) using a single six‐port reflectometer in the W frequency band (75‐110 GHz). Its analysis, design, and testing are described. A calibration procedure requiring two standards and a new calibration technique are used to determine the full scattering parameters of the device under test (DUT). Finally, a comparison between experimental results performed with the six‐port network analyzer and the other measurement systems available in the W frequency band is presented.
Constipation in chronic kidney disease: it is time to reconsider (2019)

Abstract Constipation is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is primarily characterized by decreased intestinal motility. This chronic disorder affects the quality of life of patients. However, nephrologist and dialysis clinicians have long had a disproportionately limited understanding of constipation. Accumulating evidence has revealed a relationship between constipation and cardiovascular disease and CKD. The pathogenesis of constipation in CKD patients is multifactorial: decreased physical activity, comorbidities affecting bowel movement, such as diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, and hyperparathyroidism, a restricted dietary intake of plant-based fiber-rich foods, and multiple medications, including phosphate binders and potassium-binding resins, have all been implicated. CKD is associated with alterations in the composition and function of the gut microbiota, so-called gut dysbiosis. Recent studies showed that CKD-related gut dysbiosis decreased intestinal motility via intestinal inflammation or the increased generation of gut-derived uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate. Furthermore, the gastrointestinal secretion of mucin was found to be decreased in CKD animal models, which may delay colonic transit by diminished lubrication in the alimentary tract. Thus, CKD-related gut dysbiosis may play a role in constipation, but limited information is currently available. Since constipation is often intractable, particularly in CKD patients, every available means needs to be employed in its treatment. The effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on the composition of the gut microbiota and gut-derived uremic toxins have been increasingly reported. However, their effects on stool consistency or frequency in CKD patients remain unclear. Some laxatives may be beneficial for improving not only bowel habits but also gut dysbiosis. Further studies are required to elucidate the CKD-specific pathogenesis of constipation and develop novel effective treatment options.
Scalable ultrahigh-speed optical transmultiplexer using a time lens (2011)

We present a scalable approach to optical time division multiplexing using an all-optical transmultiplexer incorporating a time lens. With simply a single nonlinear device we numerically demonstrate direct conversion from time-division multiplexing (TDM) to wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) with an industry standard 100-GHz channel spacing. Data rates at 1.28 Tb/s are realized in simulation. Additionally, various pump shapes are investigated to minimize distortions and reverse operation of the device (WDM to TDM conversion) is shown.