gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toward an operational methodology to identify industrial-scaled nanomaterial powders with the volume specific surface area criterion (2019)

Nanoparticulate powders are increasingly found in the workplace. Inhalation exposure to airborne nanoparticles (NPs) is possible throughout the life-cycle of the powders. As the toxicity of NPs has never been demonstrated, it remains essential to evaluate the risks associated with NPs in order to propose preventative measures. The first step of a risk assessment strategy consists in the identification of the 'nano' nature of a material, which suffers from a lack of an operational methodology. Here, we present a simplified and operational strategy relying on the volume specific surface area (VSSA) for nanomaterial identification, based on the recommendation stemming from the European Commission and previous work on this topic from the European Project Nanodefine. The proposed strategy was tested on a set of 15 representative industrial powders (TiO<sub>2</sub>, SiO<sub>2</sub>, CuO, and ZnO), covering a wide range of properties, and previous published data. The VSSA classification was validated <i>via</i> a comparison with the particle size obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was evidenced that the VSSA is in accordance with particle size for nanomaterial powder classification. The proposed methodology involves relatively accessible methods such as thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption and helium pycnometry and limits the detection of false negatives. Moreover, it does not imply systematic confirmation of the results with the reference particle size criterion. Our results suggest that the VSSA is a promising parameter to be used for risk assessment and should be further investigated on powder mixings to confirm its relevancy to define nanomaterial powders.
Transport properties in partially overlapping van der Waals junctions through a multiscale investigation (2021)

van der Waals heterostructures are promising candidates for bringing the materials-on-demand paradigm into reality [F. Capasso, Science 235, 172 (1987)], since their electrical properties can be engineered by playing on the several available degrees of freedom, as the number of layers, the materials, and the order in which they are stacked. In the present work we present ab initio and transport simulations of five different homo- and heterostructures based on two-dimensional materials, using a multiscale computational platform to compute the out-of-plane transmission coefficients. This information can be relevant for a wide range of applications, from nanoscale devices to inkjet-printed circuits based on two-dimensional materials. Each structure has been investigated considering several parameters as the stacking sequence and orientation, as well as the different overlappings between the flakes. We have found that, while transmission across the junction is not significantly influenced by the degree of overlap between the flakes, the different stacking orientation plays a more relevant role.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF SELENIUM DIOXIDE WITH AROMATIC DITELLURIDES. SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIS(BENZENETELLURENYL) AND MIXED BENZENETELLURENYL BENZENETELLURINYL SELENIDES (1982)

Abstract Die Reaktion zwischen den Diarylditelluriden (II) mit SeOz erfolgt unter Einschiebung des Se‐Atoms zwischen die Te‐Atome.
Design of the fast speed two-arm robot in limited space (2017)

Since there are always many limited manufacture spaces in factory, the industrial robots with fixed dimension or slow speed are not suitable for the requirements of automated operations. In order to solve these problems, we proposed a new fast speed two-arm robot for limited space. For application of grabbing and stacking of small size ceramic tiles, we presented a new mechanical structure design method of the fast speed two-arm robot for the limited space. And we established the kinematics model of fast speed two-arm robot in limited space with the D-H method. The two-arm robot could implement operation quickly in limited space through parallel movement of two mechanical arms. Moreover, we analyzed the workspace of two-arm robot with the kinematics equations and planed the movement trajectory by method of the joint space. Finally the two-arm robot workspace was obtained and the trajectory of the robot was checked by MATLAB simulation. It was verified that the homework frequency of two-arm robot met the requirement of small size ceramic tiles actual production.
Identification of genes that are up‐regulated in concert during sugar depletion in Arabidopsis (2004)

ABSTRACT In order to identify sugar‐responsive genes, Arabidopsis cDNA macro‐arrays were hybridized with probes prepared from seedlings cultured in the presence or absence of sucrose. Initial screening identified 36 cDNAs that were affected, among which 11 were finally selected as being up‐regulated under sugar‐depleted conditions. Eight of them were novel in terms of known sugar responses. Based on the properties of encoded proteins, they were classified into three groups involved in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and unidentified nature. Subsequently, correlations between their expression profiles and sugar levels were analysed using intact plants. When detached leaves were subjected to sucrose depletion for 12 h, a marked decrease in glucose and sucrose occurred, and concomitantly all 11 genes were up‐regulated. However, their transcripts rapidly diminished within 7 h when samples were re‐supplied with sucrose. A similar pattern of up‐ and down‐regulation was observed upon dark treatment of whole plants but not during natural senescence of mature leaves. Inhibition analyses with glucose analogues indicated that eight of these genes might be associated with the hexokinase signalling pathway. The present observations suggest that plants activate a set of genes involved in recycling of materials during sugar depletion, and that these genes are simultaneously and concertedly regulated despite functional diversity.
An Analytical Model and Performance Evaluation of Multihomed Multilane VANETs (2020)

Motivated by the potentially high downlink traffic demands of commuters in future autonomous vehicles, we study a network architecture where vehicles use Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) links to form relay network clusters, which in turn use Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) links to connect to one or more Road Side Units (RSUs). Such cluster-based multihoming offers improved performance, e.g., in coverage and per user shared rate, but depends on the penetration of V2V+V2I capable vehicles and possible blockage, by legacy vehicles, of line of sight based V2V links, such as those based on millimeter-wave and visible light technologies. This paper provides a performance analysis of a typical vehicle's connectivity and throughput on a highway in the free-flow regime, exploring its dependence on vehicle density, sensitivity to blockages, number of lanes and heterogeneity across lanes. The results, backed up by simulations of realistic vehicular traffic, show that even with moderate vehicle densities and penetration of V2V+V2I capable vehicles, such architectures can achieve substantial improvements in connectivity and reduction in per-user rate variability as compared to V2I based networks. The typical vehicle's performance is also shown to improve considerably in the multilane highway setting as compared to a single lane road. This paper also sheds light on how the network performance is affected when vehicles can control their relative positions, by characterizing the connectivity-throughput tradeoff faced by the clusters of vehicles.
Broadband Artificial Magnetic Conductors Constructed of Magnetically Coupled Elements (2021)

An Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) is a type of metamaterial that can be used to enhance the performance in several antenna and microwave design applications. In this work we propose an analytical approach for size and bandwidth optimization of AMCs constructed of magnetically coupled elements Numerical results (obtained using COMSOL) for the optimized structure demonstrate performance close to the theoretical limit.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Periostin, a Cell Adhesion Molecule, Facilitates Invasion in the Tumor Microenvironment and Annotates a Novel Tumor-Invasive Signature in Esophageal Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4 from Periostin, a Cell Adhesion Molecule, Facilitates Invasion in the Tumor Microenvironment and Annotates a Novel Tumor-Invasive Signature in Esophageal Cancer
The intra prediction based on sub block (2005)

In the newly finalized video coding standard H.264. Intra prediction is employed to reduce the energy of the prediction error that has to be transmitted. The order of intra frame encoding is from left to right horizontally and from the top down vertically, so when doing intra prediction, reference pels can only appear on the left side and upside of the predictive block. Therefore, it is not possible to consider various texture of video signals in the intra prediction process. The purpose of this paper is to overcome the disadvantages of the existing intra encoding and decoding technique and to put forward an intra frame encoding method that is based on sub block group (SBG). The experimental results proved this method can improve the intra frame efficiency to improve the compressing efficiency of the whole video signals.
Measurements on a full-field digital mammography system with a photon counting crystalline silicon detector (2003)

Sectra Microdose is the first single photon counting mammography detector. An edge-on crystalline silicon detector is connected to application specific integrated circuits that individually process each photon. The detector is scanned across the breast and the rejection of scattered radiation exceeds 97% without the use of a Bucky. Processing of each x-rays individually enables an optimization of the information transfer from the x-rays to the image in a way previously not possible. Combined with an almost absence of noise from scattered radiation and from electronics we foresee a possibility to reduce the radiation dose and/or increase the image quality. We will discuss fundamental features of the new direct photon counting technique in terms of dose efficiency and present preliminary measurements for a prototype on physical parameters such as Noise Power Spectra (NPS), MTF and DQE.
Thermal management of pulsed loads on an all-electric ship (2016)

The United States Navy has made a corporate decision to build future warships that are "all-electric”. As part of an effort to investigate near to far-term ship concepts, the Office of Naval Research has created a group of leading institutions called the Electric Ship Research and Development Consortium (ESRDC). As a member of the consortium, a small group at The University of Texas at Austin has focused on providing the United States Navy with simulation tools to design and study potential thermal management solutions for the future all-electric ship. The all-electric ship will employ an integrated power system, ultimately making the addition of large-scale pulsed weaponry possible. Consequently, the overarching theme of this thesis is numerical modeling of a large-scale electromagnetic railgun and its associated thermal management. First, an energy storage system, a requirement for a fully functioning integrated power system, was designed and optimized across multiple power profiles. Next, numerical models of the capacitor-based and rotating machine-based railgun systems were developed in MATLAB in order to quantify the resultant pulsed thermal loads. More detailed numerical models representing the greatest pulsed thermal load, the ohmic heating within the rails, and potential thermal management techniques were then developed. These thermal management techniques include both rail through-hole coolant passages and the use of a phase-change insert. Finally, less comprehensive representations of the rails and their associated thermal management were developed and used as custom modules within the dynamic thermal software package, ProTRAX. The resultant pulsed thermal loads, used in conjunction with a ProTRAX dynamic chiller model, simulate a potential dedicated thermal management system and act as a starting point for potential thermal management systems for the all-electric shp. The work presented in this thesis provides the first step in allowing ship designers to perform dynamic system-level thermal management analysis and investigate potential means for actively cooling critical pulsed loads.
Improving the predictable assembly of service-oriented architectures (2006)

Object technology's development and wide adoption has improved software applications' modularity, extensibility, and reusability. An approach that's complementary to OO software reuse entails using "Web services and service-oriented architectures". We propose an intermediate approach to Web service specification. Our technique integrates the use of regular expressions in WSDL specifications to constrain the format of argument and return values to and from Web services. This approach provides the basis for automating the generation of both client- and server-side checking wrappers. The service-oriented paradigm is founded on an assumption of well-specified and well-understood contracts that isn't realized in practice. Our approach extends the WSDL specification language with support for argument- and return-format specification brings us one step closer to realizing the assumptions on which the paradigm is based. This work is important in reducing the adoption barriers that have slowed the acceptance of Web services and SOAs. This is especially important as we closer to realizing the vision of ubiquitous computing that promises transparent integration of widely distributed services.
Quaternay structure and spin state of human fetal methemoglobin. Progress report, September 1, 1979-July 1, 1980 (1980)

The transition between the high spin form of methemoglobin A was also studied by low-temperature EPR spectroscopy both in the absence and in the presence of IHP. The results showed a pK = 8.2 for this transition for the stripped protein, while in the presence of IHP the pK is shifted to about 8.5.
Delay of Gastric Emptying Measured by13C-Acetate Breath Test in Neurologically Impaired Children with Gastroesophageal Reflux (2005)

Delayed gastric emptying often occurs in patients, including children, with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) due to neurological impairment (NI). The aim of this study was to evaluate gastric emptying of liquids in children with symptomatic GER using the (13)C- acetate breath test (ABT), and to compare the gastric emptying rates between children without and with NI. Thirteen patients were divided into 2 groups: group I without NI (5 patients) and group II with NI (8 patients). The liquid test meal consisted of Racoltrade mark (5 ml/kg) mixed with (13)C- acetate (50 mg for infants, 100 mg for children, and 150 mg for adolescents). Breath samples were collected for (13)CO (2) measurement before the intake of the meal, every 15 minutes during the first 2 hours after the meal and every 30 minutes thereafter to assess the ingestion of (13)C- acetate and Racoltrade mark. (13)CO (2) was measured using a gas chromatograph-isotope ratio mass spectrometer. The results were expressed as % of (13)C expired per hour and cumulative (13)C excretion over a 3-hour period. The half excretion time in (13)C- ABT(t (1/2) ex) was 1.095 hour for group I and 1.817 hour for group II (p = 0.0045). The lag time (t lag), which reflected the initial delay of gastric emptying, was 0.666 h for group I and 1.002 h for group II (p = 0.0045). Gastric emptying studies can be easily and reliably carried out in children with NI using (13)C- ABT. We showed that we were able to determine the gastric emptying rate by (13)C- ABT in patients with GER due to NI.
A Hot Spot for RAD51C Interactions Revealed by a Peptide That Sensitizes Cells to Cisplatin (2004)

DNA repair via the homologous recombination pathway requires the recombinase RAD51 and, in vertabrates, five RAD51 paralogs. The paralogs form two complexes in solution, a XRCC3/RAD51C heterodimer and a RAD51B/RAD51C/RAD51D/XRCC2 heterotetramer. Mutation of any one of the five paralog genes prevents subnuclear assembly of recombinase at damaged sites and renders cells 30-100 fold sensitive to DNA cross-linking drugs. Phage display was used to isolate peptides that bind the paralog XRCC3. Sequences of binding peptides showed similarity to residues 14-25 of RAD51C protein. Point mutations in this region of RAD51C altered its interaction with both XRCC3 and RAD51B in a two-hybrid system. A synthetic peptide composed of residues 14-25 of RAD51C fused to a membrane transduction sequence [protein transduction domain 4 (PTD4)], inhibited subnuclear assembly of RAD51 recombinase, and sensitized Chinese hamster ovary cells to cisplatin when added to growth medium. These results suggest that residues 14-25 of RAD51C contribute to a "hot spot" used in both XRCC3-RAD51C and RAD51B-RAD51C interactions. Peptide-based inhibition of homologous recombination may prove useful for improving the efficacy of existing cancer therapies.
Reduction of Lectin Valency Drastically Changes Glycolipid Dynamics in Membranes but Not Surface Avidity (2013)

Multivalency is proposed to play a role in the strong avidity of lectins for glycosylated cell surfaces and also in their ability to affect membrane dynamics by clustering glycosphingolipids. Lectins with modified valency were designed from the β-propeller fold of Ralstonia solanacearum lectin (RSL) that presents six fucose binding sites. After identification of key amino acids by molecular dynamics calculations, two mutants with reduced valency were produced. Isothermal titration calorimetry confirmed the loss of three high affinity binding sites for both mutants. Crystal structures indicated that residual low affinity binding occurred in W76A but not in R17A. The trivalent R17A mutant presented unchanged avidity toward fucosylated surfaces, when compared to hexavalent RSL. However, R17A is not able anymore to induce formation of membrane invaginations on giant unilamellar vesicules, indicating the crucial role of number of binding sites for clustering of glycolipids. In the human lung epithelial cell line H1299, wt-RSL is internalized within seconds whereas the kinetics of R17A uptake is largely delayed. Neolectins with tailored valency are promising tools to study membrane dynamics.
Friendly Conditional Text Generator (2023)

Our goal is to control text generation with more fine-grained conditions at lower computational cost than is possible with current alternatives; these conditions are attributes (i.e., multiple codes and free-text). As large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs) offer excellent performance in free-form text generation, we explore efficient architectures and training schemes that can best leverage PLMs. Our framework, Friendly Conditional Text Generator (FCTG), introduces a multi-view attention (MVA) mechanism and two training tasks, Masked Attribute Modeling (MAM) and Attribute Linguistic Matching (ALM), to direct various PLMs via modalities between the text and its attributes. The motivation of FCTG is to map texts and attributes into a shared space, and bridge their modality gaps, as the texts and attributes reside in different regions of semantic space. To avoid catastrophic forgetting, modality-free embedded representations are learnt, and used to direct PLMs in this space, FCTG applies MAM to learn attribute representations, maps them in the same space as text through MVA, and optimizes their alignment in this space via ALM. Experiments on publicly available datasets show that FCTG outperforms baselines over higher level conditions at lower computation cost.
Design for manufacturability in nanometer era: system implementation and silicon results (2005)

A design for manufacturability method to create manufacturable-by-construction designs is presented. Silicon results show significant yield benefit compared to traditional methods.
Novel D–A chromophores with condensed 1,2,4-triazine system simultaneously display thermally activated delayed fluorescence and crystallization-induced phosphorescence (2022)

Control of photophysical properties is crucial for the continued development of electroluminescent devices and luminescent materials. Preparation and study of original molecules uncovers design rules towards efficient materials and devices. Here we have prepared 7 new compounds based on the popular donor-acceptor design used in thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters. We introduce for the first time benzofuro[3,2-<i>e</i>]-1,2,4-triazine and benzothieno[3,2-<i>e</i>]-1,2,4-triazine acceptors which were connected to several common donors: phenoxazine, phenothiazine, carbazole and 3,6-di-<i>tert</i>-butylcarbazole. DFT calculations, and steady-state and time-resolved photophysical studies were conducted in solution and in solid states. While derivatives with azine moieties are non-emissive in any form, the compounds comprising 3,6-di-<i>tert</i>-butylcarbazole display TADF in all cases. More interestingly, the two derivatives substituted with a carbazole donor are TADF active when dispersed in a polymer matrix and phosphorescent at room temperature in neat films (microcrystalline form).
Technical basis-Spent Nuclear Fuel project radiation and contamination trending program (2003)

This report documents the technical basis for the Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) Project radiation and contamination trending program. The program consists of formally reported standardized radiation and contamination surveys of the KE and KW Basins and the associated tracking. This report also discusses the remainder of radiological areas within the SNFP (e.g., CVDF and CSB) that do not have formally reported trending programs and the basis for not formally reporting these results.
Heterodyne Controlled Matrix Converter as a Direct Frequency Reduction Method for Microturbine Generators (MTG) (2022)

In this paper a control method for a matrix converter (MC) based on the heterodyne concept from the communication field is presented. The method is used to convert the high frequency of a microturbine generator&#x2019;s (MTG) output voltage to the utility grid&#x2019;s frequency. In this control method a frequency modulation (FM) of the MC&#x2019;s switching frequency is achieved using a DQ0 analysis of the converter&#x2019;s filtered output voltage with the utility grid&#x2019;s frequency as a reference. After filtration, the MC achieves a conversion to the reference frequency with a minimal total harmonic distortion (THD) of the output voltage while using a low switching frequency. In addition, the proposed method decouples the output frequency, phase angle and voltage amplitude, which allows them to be controlled separately. This significantly simplifies the required control, and enables a robust and low-cost design. The theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results of the method are reported.
Adversarial Behavior in Multi-Agent Systems. (2005)

Adversariality of the agents with respect to the multi-agent system can be a serious issue in the design of open multi-agent systems. Until now,