gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2003)

Acute leukemia is the most common pediatric malignancy. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) accounts for 20% of the cases of acute leukemia among children but causes a disproportionate amount of the leukemia-related mortality. Recent progress in the treatment of childhood AML has resulted in a remission induction rate approaching 80%, but long-term eventfree survival (EFS) remains between 35 and 50%. This discrepancy suggests that the major barrier to cure is insufficient postremission therapy. Randomized trials have demonstrated improved survival for patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation during remission, but at the expense of increased treatment-related morbidity and mortality. As a result, the optimal treatment of a patient in remission is not clear.
THE IMPORTANCE OF FREQUENT FLYER PROGRAMS AS A BARRIER TO ENTRY INTO AIR TRAVEL MARKETS (2000)

This article analyzes the importance of frequent flyer programs as barriers to new airlines. The influence of frequent flyer programs in passengers choosing longer or more inconvenient routes to collect more miles is also examined. Some specific questions asked include: 1) What is the likelihood that the traveler chooses a particular airline because of holding membership in that airline's frequent flyer program?, 2) Is the likelihood different if the passenger holds memberships in several frequent flyer programs?, and, 3) Would the traveler maintain preference for the carrier its membership is with if a competitive airline offers an actual price or service advantage? The study identifies the extent to which loyalty to frequent flyer membership programs are likely to serve as barriers to entry for other carriers.
Identification of proteins in small tear volumes with and without size exclusion HPLC fractionation (1988)

A protocol for quantitative assay of several proteins in small tear volumes is described. Assays included sandwich ELISA's for IgM, IgA, secretory IgA, IgG, lactoferrin and "serum" albumin, and kinetic assays for lysozyme and peroxidase. All assays were applied to whole stimulated tears and size exclusion (SE) HPLC-separated fractions of stimulated tears. Comparison of results revealed several sources of error in whole tear assays. Tear IgG and albumin levels were considerably lower than reported by others. IgM was routinely detected at very low levels. Secretory IgA levels greatly exceeded "serum" IgA. SE-HPLC-isolated tear specific prealbumin was separated into five sub-fractions by anion exchange HPLC. Due to its ability to identify proteins in very small tear volumes, the protocol will be most useful for assay of non-stimulated tears.
Deuterium isotope exchange between molecular hydrogen and cyclohexylamine (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeuterium isotope exchange between molecular hydrogen and cyclohexylamineE. Allan Symons, Michael F. Powell, Joseph B. Schnittker, and Michel J. ClermontCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 22, 6704–6709Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00516a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00516a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views93Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multi‐site, multi‐frequency tensor decomposition of magnetotelluric data (1996)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1996Multi‐site, multi‐frequency tensor decomposition of magnetotelluric dataAuthors: Gary W. McNeiceAlan G. JonesGary W. McNeicePhoenix Geophysics Ltd. and Alan G. JonesGeological Survey of Canadahttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1826619 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1826619FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byA three-dimensional electromagnetic model of the southern Kenya Rift: Departure from two dimensionality as a possible consequence of a rotating stress field10 August 2000 | Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 105, No. B82D inversion of 3D magnetotelluric data: The Kayabe dataset20 June 2014 | Earth, Planets and Space, Vol. 51, No. 10Tectonic evolution of the Superior Boundary Zone from coincident seismic reflection and magnetotelluric profiles1 June 1999 | Tectonics, Vol. 18, No. 3 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1996ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1996 Pages: 2106 publication data© 1996 Copyright © 1996 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Gary W. McNeice and Alan G. Jones, (1996), "Multi‐site, multi‐frequency tensor decomposition of magnetotelluric data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 281-284. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1826619 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Multi-Modal Integration of EEG-fNIRS for Brain-Computer Interfaces – Current Limitations and Future Directions (2020)

Multi-modal integration, which combines multiple neurophysiological signals, is gaining more attention for its potential to supplement single modality’s drawbacks and yield reliable results by extracting complementary features. In particular, integration of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is cost-effective and portable, and therefore is a fascinating approach to brain-computer interface (BCI). However, outcomes from the integration of these two modalities have yielded only modest improvement in BCI performance because of the lack of approaches to integrate the two different features. In addition, mismatch of recording locations may hinder further improvement. In this literature review, we surveyed studies of the integration of EEG/fNIRS in BCI thoroughly and discussed its current limitations. We also suggested future directions for efficient and successful multi-modal integration of EEG/fNIRS in BCI systems.
Multinational Federated Learning Approach to Train ECG and Echocardiogram Models for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Detection (2022)

Federated learning improved the generalizability of models that use ECGs and echocardiograms to detect and differentiate HCM from other causes of hypertrophy compared with training within a single institution.
A favourable prognostic marker for EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer: immunohistochemical analysis of MUC5B (2015)

Present findings indicate that MUC5B, but not MUC5AC, is a novel prognostic biomarker for patients with NSCLC carrying EGFR mutations but not for patients with NSCLC carrying wild-type EGFR.
Cholesterol depletion and modification of COOH-terminal targeting sequence of the prion protein inhibit formation of the scrapie isoform [published erratum appears in J Cell Biol 1995 Jul;130(2):501] (1995)

After the cellular prion protein (PrPC) transits to the cell surface where it is bound by a glycophosphatidyl inositol (GPI) anchor, PrPC is either metabolized or converted into the scrapie isoform (PrPSc). Because most GPI-anchored proteins are associated with cholesterol-rich membranous microdomains, we asked whether such structures participate in the metabolism of PrPC or the formation of PrPSc. The initial degradation of PrPC involves removal of the NH2 terminus of PrPC to produce a 17-kD polypeptide which was found in a Triton X-100 insoluble fraction. Both the formation of PrPSc and the initial degradation of PrPC were diminished by lovastatin-mediated depletion of cellular cholesterol but were insensitive to NH4Cl. Further degradation of the 17-kD polypeptide did occur within an NH4Cl-sensitive, acidic compartment. Replacing the GPI addition signal with the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of mouse CD4 rendered chimeric CD4PrPC soluble in cold Triton X-100. Both CD4PrPC and truncated PrPC without the GPI addition signal (Rogers, M., F. Yehieley, M. Scott, and S. B. Prusiner. 1993. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 90:3182-3186) were poor substrates for PrPSc formation. Thus, it seems likely that both the initial degradation of PrPC to the 17-kD polypeptide and the formation of PrPSc occur within a non-acidic compartment bound by cholesterol-rich membranes, possibly glycolipid-rich microdomains, where the metabolic fate of PrPC is determined. The pathway remains to be identified by which the 17-kD polypeptide and PrPSc are transported to an acidic compartment, presumably endosomes, where the 17-kD polypeptide is hydrolyzed and limited proteolysis of PrPSc produces PrP 27-30.
Stochastic solver for constraint satisfaction problems with learning of high-level characteristics of the problem topography (2004)

A new generic method for solving constraint satisfaction problems is presented. The method is based on stochastic search which is non-local in the sense that at any point in the search, the next state sampled may be arbitrarily far from the current state. The solver relies heavily on knowledge of the high-level characteristics of the topography dening the problem. It obtains these characteristics in two complemen- tary ways. First, it continuously and automatically learns the topogra- phy in the course of the search. Second, it accepts domain-knowledge from the user if such knowledge is available. We describe experiments performed with this solver on a set of hard arithmetical CSPs adopted from practical hardware verication problems, as well as on the well- known low-autocorrelation binary sequence problem. The experiments conrmed the strength of the method. 1
RF-modulated pulsed fiber optic lidar transmitter for improved underwater imaging and communications (2011)

We present results on the design, development and initial testing of a fiber-optic based RF-modulated lidar transmitter operating at 532nm, for underwater imaging application in littoral waters. The design implementation is based on using state-of-the-art high-speed FPGAs, thereby producing optical waveforms with arbitrary digital-RF-modulated pulse patterns with carrier frequencies &ge; 3GHz, with a repetition rate of 0.5-1MHz, and with average powers &ge;5W (at 532nm). Use of RF-modulated bursts above 500MHz, instead of single optical pulse lidar detection, reduces the effect of volumetric backscatter for underwater imaging application, leading to an improved signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and contrast, for a given range. Initial underwater target detection tests conducted at Patuxent River Naval Air Station, MD, in a large water-tank facility, validates the advantages of this hybrid-lidar-radar (HLR) approach for improved underwater imaging, over a wide range of turbidity levels and both white and black targets. The compact, robust and power-efficient fiber laser architecture lends very well to lidar sensor integration on unmanned-underwater-vehicle (UUV) platforms. HLR transmitters can also provide similar advantages in active-sensing situations dominated by continuous backscatter, e.g. underwater communications, imaging through smoke and fire environment, rotor-craft landing in degraded visual environment, and pointing-tracking of active-EO sensors through fog.
Discriminability-enforcing loss to improve representation learning (2022)

During the training process, deep neural networks implicitly learn to represent the input data samples through a hierarchy of features, where the size of the hierarchy is determined by the number of layers. In this paper, we focus on enforcing the discriminative power of the high-level representations, that are typically learned by the deeper layers (closer to the output). To this end, we introduce a new loss term inspired by the Gini impurity, which is aimed at minimizing the entropy (increasing the discriminative power) of individual high-level features with respect to the class labels. Although our Gini loss induces highly-discriminative features, it does not ensure that the distribution of the high-level features matches the distribution of the classes. As such, we introduce another loss term to minimize the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the two distributions. We conduct experiments on two image classification data sets (CIFAR-100 and Caltech 101), considering multiple neural architectures ranging from convolutional networks (ResNet-17, ResNet-18, ResNet-50) to transformers (CvT). Our empirical results show that integrating our novel loss terms into the training objective consistently outperforms the models trained with cross-entropy alone, without increasing the inference time at all.
Serum cytokine concentrations and acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: Concurrent measurement of ten cytokines and their respective ratios using cytometric bead array (2006)

Both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines have been reported to be associated with acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). However, their role and possible mutual interactions during aGVHD are not well understood. Eight patients with aGVHD and eight without who had undergone allogeneic HLA-identical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation were studied. The patients had no other complications known to affect serum concentration of cytokines, including infection. Serum concentrations of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma were concurrently measured by a new technique, the cytometric bead array (CBA). We found that serum concentrations of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly higher in patients with aGVHD than in patients without it. By ratiometric analysis, the ratios of IL-5/IL-2, IL-5/IL-4, IL-6/IL-4 in patients with aGVHD were increased compared to the patients with no evidence of aGVHD. ROC analysis demonstrated that the ratio of IL-5/IL-4 was the most sensitive parameter associated with aGVHD. The second best marker of aGVHD was increased IL-5 concentration. Thus, our results indicate that the ratio of a particular cytokine/cytokine could be a potential diagnostic marker for aGVHD, more sensitive that the serum level of a given cytokine. This observation is consistent with a cross-talk among some cytokines and their possible interactions via respective receptors on cytokine-producing cells; these interactions may play an important role in pathogenesis of aGVHD. Further studies including a large number of patients and concurrent measurement of a variety of cytokines are needed to fully assess the diagnostic value of the cytokine ratiometric analysis. The CBA methodology provides a convenient and useful tool in such studies.
The novel P II -interactor PirC identifies phosphoglycerate mutase as key control point of carbon storage metabolism in cyanobacteria (2021)

Nitrogen limitation imposes a major transition in the lifestyle of nondiazotrophic cyanobacteria that is controlled by a complex interplay of regulatory factors involving the pervasive signal processor P<sub>II</sub> Immediately upon nitrogen limitation, newly fixed carbon is redirected toward glycogen synthesis. How the metabolic switch for diverting fixed carbon toward the synthesis of glycogen or of cellular building blocks is operated was so far poorly understood. Here, using the nondiazotrophic cyanobacterium <i>Synechocystis</i> sp. PCC 6803 as model system, we identified a novel P<sub>II</sub> interactor, the product of the <i>sll0944</i> gene, which we named PirC. We show that PirC binds to and inhibits the activity of 2,3-phosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM), the enzyme that deviates newly fixed CO<sub>2</sub> toward lower glycolysis. The binding of PirC to either P<sub>II</sub> or PGAM is tuned by the metabolite 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG), which accumulates upon nitrogen starvation. In these conditions, the high levels of 2-OG dissociate the PirC-P<sub>II</sub> complex to promote PirC binding to and inhibition of PGAM. Accordingly, a PirC-deficient mutant showed strongly reduced glycogen levels upon nitrogen deprivation, whereas polyhydroxybutyrate granules were overaccumulated compared to wild-type. Metabolome analysis revealed an imbalance in 3-phosphoglycerate to pyruvate levels in the <i>pirC</i> mutant, confirming that PirC controls the carbon flux in cyanobacteria via mutually exclusive interaction with either P<sub>II</sub> or PGAM.
Selective corneal imaging with multiphoton microscopy (2002)

Image forming signal properties in multiphoton microscopy are used for selective visualization of corneal tissue. Spectral filtering separates cellular from extracellular components. Images of the stroma are dependent on the polarization of the incident light.
Supplementary Video 1 from CDK Inhibitors Upregulate BH3-Only Proteins to Sensitize Human Myeloma Cells to BH3 Mimetic Therapies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;MOV file - 2.5MB, Video for the mice receiving vehicle (day 80 after tumor cell injection via tail vein)&lt;/p&gt;
48.1: Distinguished Paper : Low‐Cost Large‐Area LED Backlight (2009)

Abstract A thin LED BLU device structure incorporating side‐emitting LEDs distributed in a two‐dimensional array across the BLU and embedded in a multi‐layer printed and integrated light‐guide is presented. Measured results from a 40 “design based on this technology platform, produces an efficient and low‐cost BLU.
Insulin targeting to the regulated secretory pathway after fusion with green fluorescent protein and firefly luciferase (1998)

We have prepared recombinant cDNAs encoding chimaeras between human preproinsulin (sp.B.C.A., for B-, Connecting- and A-peptides) and a thermostable mutant of green fluorescent protein (GFPS65T,V163A, GFP*). The subcellular localization of the expressed chimaeras was monitored in living insulin-secreting INS-1 beta-cells by laser scanning confocal microscopy. When GFP* was fused at the immediate N-terminus of the B-chain (sp.[GFP*].B.C.A.myc) two distinct patterns of fluorescence were apparent. In 1530/1740 cells examined, fluorescence was confined to a reticular, exclusively extranuclear structure, and closely co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum marker, calreticulin. However, 210/1740 (12.1%) of cells displayed punctate fluorescence, which partially co-localized with the trans-Golgi network marker, TGN 38, and with the dense core secretory granule marker, phogrin. Since secretion of GFP* fluorescence into the medium could not readily be measured, we prepared a chimaera in which firefly luciferase was fused at the C-terminus of proinsulin (sp.B.C.A.myc.[Luc]). This chimaera displayed a distribution closely similar to that of sp.[GFP*].B.C.A. myc, but with a lower proportion (15/310, 4.8%) of the cells showing clear punctate distribution. At substimulatory glucose concentrations (3 mM) secretion of sp.B.C.A.myc.[Luc] could not be detected (rate of release into the medium identical with that of the cytosolic Renilla reniformis luciferase), indicating that the chimaera did not enter the constitutive secretory pathway. However, elevated (30 mM) glucose stimulated the release of the sp.B.C.A.myc. [Luc] luciferase chimaera, without a detectable effect on R. reniformis luciferase release. These data suggest that fusion of insulin, and the much larger photoproteins GFP* and luciferase, leads predominantly to misfolding and retention in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, the properly folded chimaeras are apparently still correctly targeted to the regulated, rather than the constitutive, secretory pathway. These chimaeras should therefore be valuable tools to monitor the exocytosis of insulin in real time.
Heterogeneities in regional volumes of distribution and flows in rabbit heart (1990)

The heterogeneity of volumes of distribution in the heart influences the rates of uptake and washout of substrates and metabolites; thus it is important to evaluate their variability in the normal heart. Several tracers were injected intravenously into anesthetized adult closed-chest rabbits, and time was allowed for equilibration in the heart. Tracer microspheres were injected into the left ventricular cavity at the apex for the measurement of regional flows, the chest was opened, another set of microspheres was injected, and the heart was frozen rapidly in situ with liquid nitrogen-cooled Freon-22. Each heart was divided into 72 pieces of less than 0.1 g weight, and the tracer content of each was determined by multichannel gamma-counting and the water content by desiccation. The regional myocardial flows were (closed chest) 0.62 +/- 0.16 ml.g-1.min-1 and (open chest) 0.63 +/- 0.37 ml.g-1.min-1. The volumes of distribution (ml/g) for the 432 pieces for six rabbits, given as mean +/- SD (% coefficient of variation), were as follows: for plasma, VP = 0.11 +/- 0.03 (26%); erythrocytes, VRBC = 0.041 +/- 0.015 (37%); vascular space, VV = 0.15 +/- 0.04 (26%); extracellular space, VECF = 0.33 +/- 0.05 (15%); interstitial space, VISF = 0.21 +/- 0.03 (15%); and water space, VW -0.79 +/- 0.022 (2.8%). Regional hematocrits were 77% +/- 9% of the large-vessel hematocrits.
Visual Attention for Object Recognition in Spatial 3D Data (2004)

In this paper, we present a new recognition system for the fast detection and classification of objects in spatial 3D data. The system consists of two main components: A biologically motivated attention system and a fast classifier. Input is provided by a 3D laser scanner, mounted on an autonomous mobile robot, that acquires illumination independent range and reflectance data. These are rendered into images and fed into the attention system that detects regions of potential interest. The classifier is applied only to a region of interest, yielding a significantly faster classification that requires only 30% of the time of an exhaustive search. Furthermore, both the attention and the classification system benefit from the fusion of the bi-modal data, considering more object properties for the detection of regions of interest and a lower false detection rate in classification.
Intracranial abscess caused by Rhodococcus equi infection in a foal (2006)

Intracranial surgery in veterinary medicine has been limited to dogs and cats; however, in select cases, extrapolation of surgical techniques used in humans and small animals can assist with intracranial procedures in horses.