gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Roles of PLODs in Collagen Synthesis and Cancer Progression (2018)

Collagen is the major component of extracellular matrix. Collagen cross-link and deposition depend on lysyl hydroxylation, which is catalyzed by procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase (PLOD). Aberrant lysyl hydroxylation and collagen cross-link contributes to the progression of many collagen-related diseases, such as fibrosis and cancer. Three lysyl hydroxylases (LH1, LH2, and LH3) are identified, encoded by <i>PLOD1, PLOD2</i>, and <i>PLOD3</i> genes. Expression of PLODs is regulated by multiple cytokines, transcription factors and microRNAs. Dysregulation of PLODs promotes cancer progression and metastasis, suggesting that targeting PLODs is potential strategy for cancer treatment. Here, we summarize the recent progress in the investigation of function and regulation of PLODs in normal tissue development and disease progression, especially in cancer.
Optimal Approximations of the Frequency Moments (2004)

We give a one-pass, O~(m^{1-2/k})-space algorithm for estimating the k-th frequency moment of a data stream for any real k>2. Together with known lower bounds, this resolves the main problem left open by Alon, Matias, Szegedy, STOC'96. Our algorithm enables deletions as well as insertions of stream elements.
Kaon-nucleus scattering and kaon-nuclear coupling constants (1979)

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Extraction-Chromatographic Measurement of Oxidation States of Neptunium-237 at Low Concentrations (1987)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKEYWORDS: extraction chromatographyfuel reprocessingneptunium ionsneptunium 237oxidation statesquantitative chemical analysisredox potentialsolvent extractionvalence
Expression and Validation of D-Erythrulose 1-Phosphate Dehydrogenase from Brucella abortus: A Diagnostic Reagent for Bovine Brucellosis (2010)

Brucella abortus is a bacterium of brucellosis causing abortion in cattle. The diagnosis of bovine brucellosis mainly relies on serologic tests using smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS) from B. abortus. However, the usefulness of this method is limited by false-positive reactions due to cross-reaction with other Gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, the eryC gene encoding B. abortus d-erythrulose 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, which is involved in the erythritol metabolism in virulent B. abortus strain but is absent from a B. abortus vaccine strain (S19), was cloned. Recombinant EryC was expressed and purified for the evaluation as a diagnostic reagent for bovine brucellosis. Other B. abortus proteins, Omp16, PP26, and CP39 were also purified and their seroreactivities were compared. Recombinant EryC, Omp16, PP26, and PP39 were all reactive to B. abortus-positive serum. The specificity of recombinant Omp16, PP26, CP39, and EryC, were shown to be approximately 98%, whereas that of B. abortus whole cell lysates was shown to be 95%. The sensitivity of Omp16, PP26, CP39, and EryC were 10%, 51%, 64%, and 43%, respectively, whereas that of B. abortus whole cell lysates was 53%. These results suggested that B. abortus EryC would be a potential reagent for diagnosis for bovine brucellosis as a single protein antigen.
Invasive Therapien bei fortgeschrittener Parkinson-Krankheit: Was wann für wen? (2016)

Neben der herkömmlichen Pharmakotherapie haben sich in den letzten Jahren 3 nicht orale Therapiemethoden bei der Parkinson-Krankheit etabliert. Diese sind in Erwägung zu ziehen, wenn aufgrund von motorischen Fluktuationen oder Unverträglichkeiten mit ausschließlich oraler und/oder transdermaler Pharmakotherapie keine stabile motorische Verfügbarkeit im Tagesverlauf mehr gesichert werden kann. Apomorphin zur subkutanen Applikation als Einmalinjektion oder zur kontinuierlichen subkutanen Infusion stellt die am wenigsten invasive Option dar, ist deren Anpassung doch nicht mit einer Operation verbunden. Als potentester Dopaminagonist ist Apomorphin jedoch grundsätzlich mit dem typischen Risiko- und Nebenwirkungsprofil dieser Substanzklasse, wie z. B. Psychosen und Impulskontrollstörungen, verbunden. Die kontinuierliche intrajejunale Instillation von Levodopa über eine Pumpe empfiehlt sich als Alternative für die Patienten, die eine Apomorphintherapie nicht (mehr) tolerieren oder die durch zusätzliche Schluckstörungen ohnehin zur Sicherung der Ernährungssituation und weiterer Medikamentengaben eine Ernährungssonde benötigen. Da diese Therapie mit der Anlage einer perkutanen endoskopischen Gastrojejunostomie (PEG/PEJ) verbunden ist, hat sie eine höhere Invasivität als die Apomorphintherapie. Die Vorteile liegen in der Substanz Levodopa als Monotherapie. Dies ist vor allem für ältere Parkinson-Patienten mit kognitiven Defiziten und Psychoserisiko sowie den o. g. Schluckstörungen von Vorteil. Insbesondere für jüngere, kognitiv intakte Betroffene, die das Stigma und die körperlichen Einschränkungen durch eine Pumpe scheuen, bietet sich die tiefe Hirnstimulation als Alternative an. Für diese invasivste der hier vorgestellten Therapien gelten sorgfältig zu beachtende Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien. Als einzige der 3 hier vorgestellten Methoden gibt es für diese Therapie eine evidenzbasierte Empfehlung zum Einsatz in frühen bis mittleren Krankheitsphasen bei nicht dementen Patienten sobald Fluktuationen auftreten. Die THS-Indikation ist begrenzt durch ein Alter über 70 und Levodopa-resistente Störungen. Für alle 3 Therapien gilt, dass sowohl die Anpassung als auch die Überwachung von diesbezüglich erfahrenen Ärzten geleistet werden sollte.
Peptide Modifications Differentially Alter G Protein‐Coupled Receptor Internalization and Signaling Bias (2014)

Although G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are targeted by more clinically used drugs than any other type of protein, their ligand development is particularly challenging. Humans have four neuropeptide Y receptors: hY1R and hY5R are orexigenic, while hY2R and hY4R are anorexigenic, and represent important anti-obesity drug targets. We show for the first time that PEGylation and lipidation, chemical modifications that prolong the plasma half-lives of peptides, confer additional benefits. Both modifications enhance pancreatic polypeptide preference for hY2R/hY4R over hY1R/hY5R. Lipidation biases the ligand towards arrestin recruitment and internalization, whereas PEGylation confers the opposite bias. These effects were independent of the cell system and modified residue. We thus provide novel insights into the mode of action of peptide modifications and open innovative venues for generating peptide agonists with extended therapeutic potential.
Comparison of Zadoff-Chu Encoded Modulation Schemes in an Ultrasonic Local Positioning System (2018)

Ultrasonic Local Positioning Systems (U-LPS) can be used for fine-grained indoor positioning. Typically, multiple fixed beacons simultaneously emit ultrasonic signals whose time of arrival is estimated at a mobile receiver. The ultrasonic signals are encoded and modulated to allow separation of the signals at the receiver, identification of the transmitters, and mitigation of signal impairments such as multipath, the near-far effect, multiple access interference, and Doppler shift. Hence, waveform design (coding and modulation) plays a pivotal role in determining the performance of such a system. This paper compares the performance of four modulation techniques (specifically QPSK, OFDM, Slow-FHSS and Fast-FUSS) transmitting Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences in an U-LPS. The modulation schemes are evaluated in terms of time of arrival accuracy and positioning accuracy in simulation and real-world experiments. Simulation and, to a lesser extent, real-world tests indicate that ZC coded QPSK modulation with non-coherent detection using a matched filter, offers greater accuracy under realistic conditions than the other modulation schemes.
Optimization of Photorefractivity Based on Poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) Composites: An Approach from the Perspectives of Chemistry and Physics (2013)

Abstract The optimization of photorefractivity (PR) based on a poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) (PVCz) composite devise is proposed from the perspectives of chemistry and physics. The device's PR chemistry (dependence of PVCz's molecular weight) and physics (dependence of grating periodicity and laser wavelength) are studied. Increasing the molecular weight of PVCz from 23 000 to 1 270 000 g mol −1 significantly increases diffraction efficiency, grating build‐up speed (inverse of response time), and sensitivity. Narrowing grating period from 5.1 to 1.1 μm gives faster response time and larger optical gain. Shorter wavelength of writing laser from 633 to 532 nm provides higher diffraction efficiency, faster response time, and larger optical gain. magnified image
HTBQueue: A Hierarchical Token Bucket Implementation for the OMNeT++/INET Framework (2021)

The hierarchical token bucket (HTB) algorithm allows to specify per-flow bitrate guarantees and enables excess bandwidth sharing between flows of the same class. Additionally, it provides capabilities to prioritize the traffic of specific flows, potentially considering their delay demands. HTB hence constitutes a powerful mechanism to enforce QoS requirements hierarchically and on a fine granular per-flow level, making it an appropriate choice in numerous use-cases. In this paper, we present HTBQueue, our implementation of a compound module for HTB support in the discrete event simulator OMNeT++. We validate HTBQueue's functionality in terms of rate conformance and fair bandwidth sharing behavior between competing flows. We furthermore demonstrate its support for flow prioritization.
Micro-fabrication of 3-D Si/air and Si/SiO₂/air PBG structures (1995)

Thesis (Elec. E.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1998; and, Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1998.
A novel add‐on collimator for preclinical radiotherapy applications using a standard cell irradiator: design, construction, and validation (2020)

Purpose Preclinical radiotherapy applications require dedicated irradiation systems which are expensive and not widely available. In this work, a clinical dual source 137 Cs cell irradiator was adapted to deliver 1‐cm diameter preclinical treatment beams using a lead and stainless steel custom‐made collimator to treat one or two mice at a time. Methods The dosimetric characteristics of all the different components of the system (including collimator, phantoms, and radiation sources) have been simulated with EGSnrc Monte Carlo methods. The collimator was constructed based on these simulations and the calculated results were verified against dosimetric measurements with MO SKin detectors, GAFchromic films, and dosimetric gels. Results The comparisons showed an agreement, in terms of full width half maximum values, between the simulated and the measured dose cross profiles at the midline within 4% for both gel dosimetry and GAFchromic films. Out of beam dose, measured in air at the collimator midplane with MOSFET detectors was between 6% and 10% of the beam axis dose. The dimensions of the beam are constant along the vertical axis of the collimator and also the simulated and measured Percentage Depth Dose (PDD) curves show an agreement within 1%. Conclusions The collimator design developed in this work allows the creation of a beam with the necessary characteristics for ablative radiotherapy treatments on small animals using a standard clinical cell irradiator. This collimator design will make advanced preclinical studies with ablative beams possible for all those institutions which do not have collimated preclinical irradiators available.
Demonstration of a high-contrast optical switching in an atomic Delta system (2017)

We present an experimental study of a Δ system in a room temperature, dilute sample of 85Rb atoms. A Δ system in the D2 manifold of 85Rb is formed by connecting the two lower hyperfine energy levels of a Λ system by a microwave drive field at 3.0357 GHz. We show that when the Rabi frequency of a microwave drive field exceeds that of the optical probe field, a three-wave mixing nonlinear interaction is established. This nonlinear interaction changes the enhanced transmission of the optical probe to a deep absorption for a relative phase difference of π between all the three fields. We establish through our experiment and our numerical simulation, the phase-sensitive and nonlinear nature of the Δ system's response to the applied microwave and optical fields. Using this feature, we demonstrate a high-contrast microwave phase controlled switch for the optical probe field. In comparison with intensity and phase switching demonstrated with all-optical fields so far, our experiment opens up the possibility of obtaining the highest contrast optical switching with room temperature atoms.
Preparation and heat of polymerization of 3‐methyl‐3‐butyl‐2‐azetidinone (1976)

Abstract The synthesis of 3‐methyl‐3‐butyl‐2‐azetidinone, which forms a polymer which is soluble in a number of common solvents including toluene, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride, is described. Anionic polymerization, carried out in toluene solution in a calorimetric vessel, yielded for the heat of polymerization of a four‐membered lactam −19.1 kcal/mole at 25°C.
Reduction Mammaplasty Improves Breast Sensibility (1999)

The final appearance of the reconstructed breast is greatly dependent on the relative amounts of skin and breast tissue excised at the time of the mastectomy and on the exact location of the skin incision. A complete mastectomy may be performed using modified skin incisions to avoid the sacrifice of unnecessary breast skin. The type of skin-sparing incision used varies based on the exact location of the tumor and the size of the breast, but it always includes the nipple-areola complex and the biopsy site. The presence of local recurrence, distant disease, or death was determined in 50 consecutive patients who had skin-sparing mastectomies and immediate breast reconstruction between 1985 and 1991 to ascertain the safety of the procedure. The period of follow-up ranged from 23 to 121 months, with a mean of 57 months and a median of 51.5 months. There was no local recurrence, active distant disease was present in five patients, two patients died of distant disease, and there were two unrelated deaths.
Effects of dietary energy level and protein source on nutrient digestion and ruminal nitrogen metabolism in steers (1991)

Four Simmental steers with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas were used to examine effects of dietary forage: concentrate ratio and supply of ruminally degradable true protein on site of nutrient digestion and net ruminal microbial protein synthesis. Steers (345 kg) were fed ammoniated corn cob (high forage; HF)- or corn cob/ground corn/cornstarch (low forage; LF)-based diets supplemented with soybean meal (SBM) or a combination of corn gluten meal and blood meal (CB). Diets were fed at 2-h intervals with average DM intake equal to 2.2% of BW. Feeding LF vs HF increased (P less than .05) OM digestion (percentage of intake) in the stomach, small intestine, and total tract. Efficiency of microbial CP synthesis (EMCP; g of N/kg of OM truly fermented) decreased (P less than .05) for LF vs HF (24.1 vs 26.8), but microbial N and total N flows to the small intestine were similar (P greater than .05) between energy levels (average 112 and 209 g/d, respectively). Total N flows to the small intestine were 13.1% greater (P less than .05) for CB than for SBM because of increased (P less than .05) passage of nonmicrobial N. Feeding SBM vs CB increased (P less than .05) EMCP (27.3 vs 23.3) and microbial N flow to the small intestine (127.5 vs 112.5 g/d), but these increases were not likely due to increased ruminal concentrations of ammonia N (NH3 N). Decreased (P less than .05) incorporation of NH3 N into bacterial N and slower turnover rates of ruminal NH3 N for SBM vs CB suggest that direct incorporation of preformed diet components into cell mass increased when SBM was fed. Results of this study suggest that the inclusion of ruminally degradable protein in the diet may increase the supply of products from proteolysis and that this can increase EMCP and microbial protein flow to the small intestine.
Influence centrale de quelques neuropeptides sur l'ingestion et l'apparition de la rumination chez le mouton (1986)

International audience
Implementation of an event-based low-level control for mobile robots (2012)

Mobile robots get increasingly important in the implementation of adaptive production systems. In order to gain the most benefit from mobile robots they need at the one hand efficiently cooperate with the overall production system and on the other hand provide their functionality (e.g., pick and place of parts) fast and with a high precision. Semantic enhanced multi-agent systems have proven to serve well for the first task, especially in heterogeneous environments. However, they lack when applied to directly control automation equipment. In order to overcome this limitation this work presents an underlying low-level control architecture that takes over the task of handling the mobile robots equipment (e.g., arm). This approach relives at first the agent system and at second improves the overall system operation. By a flexible generic design we achieve that our implementation can handle different arm configurations and abstract it in form of a common interface for the upper level agent.
Projet AQS "Pain précuit surgelé". Rapport final (2002)

/ Ce rapport présente une partie des résultats acquis lors de la première année du contrat AQS « Pain précuit surgelé ». Il consigne les résultats obtenus au niveau laboratoire qui ont fait l'objet de la première année d'étude, avec en particulier les résultats obtenus lors du stage de fin d'études de F. Margerie (étudiant ENITIAA). Tous les résultats n'ont pu être traités et présentés dans ce rapport intermédiaire. \n\nCette étude vise à maîtriser le phénomène d'écaillage du pain précuit surgelé en vue de la maîtrise de la qualité à l'échelle du procédé industriel. Elle rassemble plusieurs partenaires autour d'un projet Aliment Qualité Sécurité (projet AQS) qui est planifié sur deux ans (octobre 2000 - octobre 2002) : l'ENITIAA et l'INRA de Nantes, le CEMAGREF de Rennes, et les sociétés Grands Moulins de Paris (GMP) et MATAL (Equipementier). \n\nCette étude vise à étudier quatre phases de la fabrication supposées être liées au problème d'écaillage du pain précuit surgelé : la pousse, la pré-cuisson, le ressuage et la surgélation. L'effet de chacune de ces phases sur la formation de la croûte, sur les phénomènes de migration de l'eau au voisinage de la croûte et sur l'écaillage représente le c½ur de l'étude.\n\nAprès avoir étudié l'effet de la température et de l'humidité sur l'écaillage, nous déterminerons les conditions minimales et maximales d'écaillage puis nous chercherons à optimiser la mesure de l'écaillage. Le principe des analyses de la structure de la matière à l'interface mie-croûte (amidon gluten) est également présentée. Les premières images du suivi par IRM du procédé de congélation sont présentées.
Advancements Toward the Greener Processing of Engineered Nanomaterials—Effect of Core Size on the Dispersibility and Transport of Gold Nanocrystals in Near‐Critical Solvents (2009)

The ability to process and purify engineered nanomaterials using near critical or supercritical fluids (NcFs or ScFs) has enormous potential for the application at various stages of the development of green nanomaterials. The dispersibility of octanethiol-stabilized gold nanocrystals of different core sizes is explored, which were chosen to serve as model nanomaterials of general interest in compressed ethane and propane over a wide range of fluid conditions. Both solvents have enormous potential for the environmentally benign processing and transport of engineered nanomaterials due to their nominal toxicity and high degree of tunability and processability that can essentially eliminate solvent waste. The dispersibility is determined by measuring the absorption spectra of dispersions of various sizes of nanocrystals in NcFs. To better understand the obtained results three models, the total interaction theory, the sedimentation coefficient equation, and the Chrastil method, are discussed. Nanoparticle dispersibility versus density plots are strongly dependent on nanoparticle size and solvent conditions, with the dispersion of larger nanocrystals more dependent on changes of pressure or density at a given temperature. For the range of nanoparticle sizes studied, compressed ethane at 25 degrees C leads to a greater tunability of nanoparticle dispersion when compared with compressed propane at 65 degrees C. For equivalent pressures, compressed propane is found to provide better solubility than ethane due to its higher density. The results quantitatively demonstrate that NcFs can offer pressure-tunable, size-selective control of nanoparticle solvation and transport at easily obtainable temperature and pressure conditions. These capabilities provide clear advantages over conventional solvents and direct application to various nanomaterials processes, such as synthesis, separation, transport, and purification of nanocrystals.
Presynaptic serotonin imaging in social phobia using [3-11C]-5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan and PET : Meeting Abstract (2001)

Presynaptic serotonin imaging in social phobia using [3-11C]-5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan and PET : Meeting Abstract
Intensive plasma exchange therapy in ten patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (1984)

Intensive plasma exchange therapy with fresh-frozen plasma as the replacement fluid was used to manage ten patients, five with acute and five with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Therapy was started because of severe hemorrhage (1 case), failure to respond to steroid therapy (6 cases), or steroid dependence (3 cases). After a median of four exchanges over 6 days (median total volume removed, 11.7 liters), initial responses, defined as a platelet count greater than 100,000 per microliter at the end of the exchange series, were observed in 80 percent of the patients treated. Two adolescents, ages 16 and 17 years, with chronic ITP failed to respond to plasma exchange therapy and subsequently responded to splenectomy. Prolonged remissions of 9 months and greater than 2 years were observed in two patients with acute ITP; in patients with chronic ITP, no prolonged remissions occurred. Neither pre-exchange levels of platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (PAIgG) nor circulating immune complexes predicted the response to plasma exchange, although serially determined PAIgG levels correlated with the severity of ITP and response, or lack of response, to plasma exchange. We conclude that intensive plasma exchange merits further study in patients with acute ITP unresponsive to steroid therapy to determine if the need for splenectomy is reduced. In selected patients with chronic ITP, exchange therapy may provide short-term adjunctive benefit.