gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasma Membrane of the Regenerating Rat Liver. Plasma Membrane as a Key Target Organelle in Galactosamine-Induced Hepatitis (1979)

Article Plasma Membrane of the Regenerating Rat Liver. Plasma Membrane as a Key Target Organelle in Galactosamine-Induced Hepatitis was published on January 1, 1979 in the journal Biological Chemistry (volume 360, issue 1).
Ferromagnetic resonance investigations of spin waves in Fe-Ni multilayers (1991)

The standing spin-wave resonance (SSWR) at 9.2 GHz has been investigated in a multilayer structure composed of alternating layers of Ni and Fe for the as-prepared sample and at different annealing temperatures between 420 and 570 K. Changes of the resonance field and of the intensity of spin-wave modes with annealing temperature indicate the excitation of a surface mode in the as-prepared sample. Heating of the multilayer above 520 K leads to a spin-wave spectrum which exhibits a behavior corresponding to an alloy with comparable chemical composition. The SSWR fields show a quadratic dependence of the wave number of the spin waves at all annealing temperatures but a drastic change of surface spin pinning with increasing temperature.
Cavitation rheology of the vitreous: mechanical properties of biological tissue (2010)

We demonstrate the importance of measuring the mechanical properties of biological tissue in vivo by quantifying the mechanical properties of bovine vitreous both in its native state and upon removal from the eye. The mechanical properties are determined by the cavitation rheology technique developed in our labs to determine the linear modulus. This technique involves inducing a cavitation event at the tip of a syringe that is located at an arbitrary location within the vitreous sample. The pressure at which the cavitation event occurs can be directly related to the modulus. We show that the modulus decreases upon removal of the vitreous from the ocular cavity and decreases still further when the vitreous cortex, the thin membrane that surrounds the vitreous, is removed. This study has important implications for both diagnostic science of diseased tissue and developmental biology in studying tissue properties with age.
Cycloheximide inhibits the cytotoxicity of paclitaxel (Taxol®) (1994)

Treatment of human breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549) adenocarcinoma cell lines with 10 micrograms/ml cycloheximide provided substantial protection from paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity. Addition of cycloheximide to cells at 0, 6, 12 or 18 h into a 24 h exposure to paclitaxel resulted in cytotoxicity similar to that found in cells treated with paclitaxel alone for only 0, 6, 12 or 18 h, respectively. DNA flow cytometry showed that paclitaxel blocked cells in G2/M. Mitotic index studies demonstrated that paclitaxel arrested cells in mitosis and that prolonged exposure to paclitaxel resulted in the development of multiple micronuclei. Concurrent incubation of cells in cycloheximide prevented the development of a G2/M block, mitotic arrest and micronuclei formation. The addition of cycloheximide to cells at 6 or 12 h into a 24 h exposure to paclitaxel reduced the degree of G2/M block to that produced by incubation of cells in paclitaxel alone for only 6 or 12 h. Mitotic index studies confirmed that cells treated with cycloheximide during paclitaxel exposure had a marked reduction in the percentage of cells in mitosis. However, the percentage of paclitaxel-treated cells which had multiple micronuclei was increased in cells treated with cycloheximide. These results indicate that entry into mitosis is a prerequisite for paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity and that cycloheximide reduces cytotoxicity due to paclitaxel by preventing cells from entering mitosis. However, once cells have entered mitosis in the presence of paclitaxel, protein synthesis is not required for the development of multiple micronuclei and cytotoxicity.
Potent oncolytic activity of multimutated herpes simplex virus G207 in combination with vincristine against human rhabdomyosarcoma. (2003)

Replication restricted oncolytic viruses such as multimutated herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) G207 represent a novel and attractive approach for cancer therapy, including pediatric solid tumors. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma of childhood and is often diagnosed already as an advanced disseminated disease. Despite aggressive therapeutic approaches, the prognosis for patients with metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma remains grim. Therefore, there is a need for novel effective drugs with superior safety and efficacy profile. In this study, we showed marked in vitro activity of HSV-1 G207 against embryonal and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cells. All human embryonal (KF-RMS-1, RD, and CCA) and alveolar RMS (KFR, Rh28, Rh30, and Rh41) cell lines were highly sensitive to cytotoxic and replicative effects of G207 even at a multiplicity of infection of 0.01, except embryonal Rh1 rhabdomyosarcoma cells, which were efficiently killed only upon multiplicity of infection of 1.0. i.v. G207 treatment of xenotransplanted KFR and KF-RMS-1 tumors in mice led to significant tumor growth inhibition of both tumor entities, whereas intraneoplastic G207 treatment additionally resulted in complete tumor disappearance in 25% of animals. No difference has been found between alveolar and embryonal types of rhabdomyosarcoma. Combination treatment of both cell lines with G207 and vincristine led to strongly enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity without affecting infection efficiency and replication of G207 in KFR as well as in KF-RMS-1 cells. In vivo combination treatment using i.v. G207 and vincristine resulted in complete regression of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in five of eight animals and significant growth inhibition of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Taking into consideration the proven safety of G207 in humans, we suggest that G207 alone and in combination with vincristine should be additionally evaluated as a potential agent against human rhabdomyosarcoma.
Improved Estrogen Receptor Assessment by PET Using the Novel Radiotracer 18F-4FMFES in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Patients: An Ongoing Phase II Clinical Trial (2017)

After encouraging preclinical and human dosimetry results for the novel estrogen receptor (ER) PET radiotracer 4-fluoro-11β-methoxy-16α-<sup>18</sup>F-fluoroestradiol (<sup>18</sup>F-4FMFES), a phase II clinical trial was initiated to compare the PET imaging diagnostic potential of <sup>18</sup>F-4FMFES with that of 16α-<sup>18</sup>F-fluoroestradiol (<sup>18</sup>F-FES) in ER-positive (ER+) breast cancer patients. <b>Methods:</b> Patients diagnosed with ER+ breast cancer (<i>n</i> = 31) were recruited for this study, including 6 who underwent mastectomy or axillary node dissection. For each patient, <sup>18</sup>F-FES and <sup>18</sup>F-4FMFES PET/CT scans were done sequentially (within a week) and in random order. One hour after injection of either radiotracer, a head-to-thigh static scan with a 2-min acquisition per bed position was obtained. Blood samples were taken at different times after injection to assess each tracer metabolism by reverse-phase thin-layer chromatography. The SUV<sub>mean</sub> of nonspecific tissues and the SUV<sub>max</sub> of the tumor were evaluated for each detected lesion, and tumor-to-nonspecific organ ratios were calculated. <b>Results:</b> Blood metabolite analysis 60 min after injection of the tracer showed a 2.5-fold increase in metabolic stability of <sup>18</sup>F-4FMFES over <sup>18</sup>F-FES. Although for most foci <sup>18</sup>F-4FMFES PET had an SUV<sub>max</sub> similar to that of <sup>18</sup>F-FES PET, tumor contrast improved substantially in all cases. Lower uptake was consistently observed in nonspecific tissues for <sup>18</sup>F-4FMFES, notably a 4-fold decrease in blood-pool activity as compared with <sup>18</sup>F-FES. Consequently, image quality was considerably improved using <sup>18</sup>F-4FMFES, with lower overall background activity. As a result, <sup>18</sup>F-4FMFES successfully identified 9 more lesions than <sup>18</sup>F-FES. <b>Conclusion:</b> This phase II study with ER+ breast cancer patients showed that <sup>18</sup>F-4FMFES PET achieves a lower nonspecific signal and better tumor contrast than <sup>18</sup>F-FES PET, resulting in improved diagnostic confidence and lower false-negative diagnoses.
Radio resource management considerations for LTE Femto cells (2010)

Femtocell access points (FAPs), also popularly known as Home Base Stations, are small base stations for use within indoor environments to improve coverage and capacity. FAPs have a limited range (e.g. limited to a home or office area) but offer immense capacity improvements for the network due to the ability to reuse a frequency more often as a result of smaller coverage areas. Because there may be thousands of these devices and since the nature of deployment is adhoc, it may not be possible to carry out elaborate frequency planning like that in the traditional cellular network. This paper aims to outline the radio resource management considerations within the context of femto cells, the broader objective being to initiate a discussion and encourage research in the areas highlighted.
Deep Brain Stimulation for Chronic Pain: Time to Reconsider the Skeptical Attitude? (2020)

Despite continuous advancements in systematic treatment of chronic pain there is still a subset of clinical conditions where the standard medical and surgical approaches are not uniformly effective [...]
Parallel Identification of New Genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2002)

Short open reading frames (ORFs) occur frequently in primary genome sequence. Distinguishing bona fide small genes from the tens of thousands of short ORFs is one of the most challenging aspects of genome annotation. Direct experimental evidence is often required. Here we use a combination of expression profiling and mass spectrometry to verify the independent transcription of 138 and the translation of 50 previously nonannotated genes in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. Through combined evidence, we propose the addition of 62 new genes to the genome and provide experimental support for the inclusion of 10 previously identified genes.
Computer vision in roadway transportation systems: a survey (2013)

There is a worldwide effort to apply 21st century intelligence to evolving our transportation networks. The goals of smart transportation networks are quite noble and manifold, including safety, efficiency, law enforcement, energy conservation, and emission reduction. Computer vision is playing a key role in this transportation evolution. Video imaging scientists are providing intelligent sensing and processing technologies for a wide variety of applications and services. There are many interesting technical challenges including imaging under a variety of environmental and illumination conditions, data overload, recognition and tracking of objects at high speed, distributed network sensing and processing, energy sources, as well as legal concerns. This paper presents a survey of computer vision techniques related to three key problems in the transportation domain: safety, efficiency, and security and law enforcement. A broad review of the literature is complemented by detailed treatment of a few selected algorithms and systems that the authors believe represent the state-of-the-art.
The Human Challenges of Command and Control with Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (2005)

The unmanned aerial vehicle represents a significant challenge to its operators since they are literally out of touch with the system they control. Operating from remote sites miles from the vehicle they control, they are isolated by space and time from a direct connection to the machine they operate. While the pilot of a manned aircraft can always receive some type of direct feedback from the machine they operate, even if they lose all their control and display systems, they can still perceive many qualities of that machine's system state merely from their senses. However, in contrast, the unmanned system is based solely on an electronic link connecting the operator to their vehicle. This paper will review the historical trends in remote vehicle operation and discuss state-of-the-art in remote control systems as they apply to single or multiple unmanned aerial vehicles.
Specimen Preparation for Thin-Section Electron Microscopy Utilizing Microwave-Assisted Rapid Processing in a Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (2001)

Although transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has always been recognized as an useful tool in research laboratories for studying ultra-structure, it has had limited practical use in the diagnostic lab environment because of the technical expense and time necessary to prepare tissues for ultrastructural examination. Reduction of these two factors would enhance practical usefulness of TEM in the hospital/diagnostic environment. With the advent of microwave (MW) processing (Demaree, Giberson, and Smith 1995; Giberson and Demaree, 1995; Giberson, Smith, and Demaree, 1995; Giberson, Demaree, and Nordhausen, 1997), these obstacles of technician expense and time have, in fact, been significantly reduced.
High Q inductor add-on module in thick Cu/SiLK/sup TM/ single damascene (2001)

Thick Cu single damascene inductors with very high Q factors are integrated on top of a standard aluminum 3LM BEOL process. Obtained Q factors are more than four times higher than Q factors of the inductors of the same geometry processed in the Al 3LM BEOL. For an inductor of 2.8 nH inductance, a Q peak of 24 at 2 GHz was reached by using 4 /spl mu/m thick Cu on a 2 /spl mu/m IMD oxide layer.
A pH‐induced, intein‐mediated expression and purification of recombinant human epidermal growth factor in Escherichia coli (2015)

Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) is a cellular factor that promotes cell proliferation and has been widely used for the treatment of wounds, corneal injuries, and gastric ulcers. Recombinant hEGF (rhEGF) has previously been expressed using the pTWIN1 system with pH-induced intein and a chitin-binding domain. The rhEGF protein can be purified by chitin affinity chromatography because of the high affinity between the chitin-binding domain fusion-tag and the column. However, uncontrolled cleavage presents a major problem with this method. To overcome this problem, a novel purification method has been developed for a pH-induced intein tag rhEGF that is expressed in Escherichia coli. Following purification by denaturation of inclusion bodies, the fusion protein is renatured and simultaneously induced to self-cleave by dialysis. Further purification of rhEGF is achieved by heat treatment and ion-exchange chromatography. Our results show that the purity of rhEGF obtained through this method is over 98% and the quantity of purified rhEGF is 248 mg from a 1 L culture or 2,967 mg from a 12 L culture. Therefore, we conclude that we have developed an efficient purification method of rhEGF, which may be used for the purification of other heat-resistant and acid-resistant recombinant proteins.
Loss of Sleep Affects the Ultrastructure of Pyramidal Neurons in the Adolescent Mouse Frontal Cortex (2016)

Ultrastructural analysis may be a powerful tool to identify which cellular organelles, and thus which cellular functions, are most affected by sleep and sleep loss.
Characterization of lymphocyte subpopulations and major histocompatibility complex haplotypes of mastitis-resistant and susceptible cows (2004)

Bovine mastitis is an infectious disease with a major economic influence on the dairy industry worldwide. Many factors such as environment, pathogen, and host affect susceptibility or resistance of an individual cow to bovine mastitis. Recently, there has been considerable interest in defining genetic and immunological markers that could be used to select for improved disease resistance. In this study we have analyzed the lymphocyte subpopulations of mastitis-resistant and susceptible cows using monoclonal antibodies specific for bovine leukocyte differentiation antigens and flow cytometry. We have also used a microarray typing technique to define the bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA) class I and class II haplotypes associated with resistance or susceptibility to bovine mastitis. A striking finding of the present study is that susceptibility to mastitis was associated with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes that have only a single set of DQ genes. The study also revealed that susceptible cows had CD4:CD8 ratios of less than one in both their mammary gland secretions and peripheral blood. These results raise the possibility that the number of DQ genes that a cow has and/or a cow's CD4:CD8 ratio could be used as indicators of susceptibility to bovine mastitis.
Concurrent Real-Time Estimation of State of Health and Maximum Available Power in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries (2018)

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are an emerging energy storage technology with higher performance than lithium-ion batteries in terms of specific capacity and energy density. However, several scientific and technological gaps need to be filled before Li-S batteries will penetrate the market at a large scale. One such gap, which is tackled in this paper, is represented by the estimation of state-of-health (SOH). Li-S batteries exhibit a complex behaviour due to their inherent mechanisms, which requires a special tailoring of the already literature-available state-of-charge (SOC) and SOH estimation algorithms. In this work, a model of SOH based on capacity fade and power fade has been proposed and incorporated in a state estimator using dual extended Kalman filters has been used to simultaneously estimate Li-S SOC and SOH. The dual extended Kalman filter’s internal estimates of equivalent circuit network parameters have also been used to the estimate maximum available power of the battery at any specified instant. The proposed estimators have been successfully applied to both fresh and aged Li-S pouch cells, showing that they can accurately track accurately the battery SOC, SOH, and power, providing that initial conditions are suitable. However, the estimation of the Li-S battery cells’ capacity fade is shown to be more complex, because the practical available capacity varies highly with the applied current rates and the dynamics of the mission profile.
Failure Mechanism of Concrete under Fatigue Compressive Load (2004)

In this paper, the behavior of concrete under static and fatigue compressive load is studied. Cylindrical specimens were subjected to static cyclic and constant amplitude fatigue loading. The static cyclic tests were performed by unloading and reloading the specimen at three different points in the postpeak period of the static loading response. Low cycle, high amplitude fatigue tests were performed to failure using three load amplitudes. It is found that under the term of structural compliance the static compressive response of concrete can be used as an envelope for the fatigue failure compressive response. The change rate of stiffness or compliance under fatigue loading follows a two-stage process: a deceleration stage followed by an acceleration stage up to failure. The failure mechanisms for both static and fatigue loading are explained by the band damage zone model and found to be consistent in the term of an inelastic displacement. The results agree well with the previous research work.
Stimulation of human cytotoxic T cells with HIV-1-derived peptides presented by recombinant HLA-A2 peptide complexes (1997)

HLA-A2 heavy chain and beta 2-microglobulin were expressed in Escherichia coli, and refolded in the presence of peptides derived from HIV-1 RT and gag proteins. When recombinant HLA-A2 molecules were attached to cells lacking HLA-A2, the cells became susceptible to lysis by HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones specific for peptides derived from RT and gag proteins. Limiting dilution analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-1-infected individuals showed that the recombinant HLA-A2 peptide complexes covalently immobilized on microspheres stimulated the development of HLA-A2 peptide-specific CTL. Preformed HLA-peptide complexes may provide an alternative to immunization procedures that depend upon intracellular processing of antigen to elicit T cell responses.
SU‐E‐I‐83: Parallel Programming Upgrades for the Control Acquisition, Processing and Image Display System (CAPIDS) of the Micro Angiographic Fluoroscope (MAF) (2014)

Purpose: CAPIDS is a unique software platform designed to control and acquire images from the high‐resolution MAF detector, process them and display them in a clinical environment. The images are then stored for optional playback at a later stage. CAPIDS also acquires and records the exposure parameters from the x‐ray unit. We present new parallel programming modifications using the host computer system's Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) and Central Processing unit (CPU) to improve the system performance for the various MAF imaging tasks. Methods: Multicore CPU's allow for concurrent tasks to be executed at the same time in parallel. During runtime, CAPIDS has three concurrent tasks: image acquisition and processing, image saving, and exposure parameter acquisition. Parallel programming constructs from LabVIEW allow each tasks to be executed on a separate core.GPU's allow for the same task to be performed on independent data sets in parallel. During runtime, all the image processing including flat‐field correction, digital image subtraction, image averaging, and temporal recursive filtering are performed on the GPU. Results: The new version of CAPIDS with all the parallel programming updates was successfully used for the first time to control the MAF, acquire the images, process the images and display the images during an actual clinical intervention. The images were acquired under fluoroscopy, digital subtraction angiography, and roadmap modes. Conclusion: Distributing concurrent tasks to different cores of a multicore CPU results in an efficient utilization of resources, efficient power management and increases operation speed. Use of GPU's for image processing further enhances the speed of operation. Supported by NIH Grant: 2R01EB002873 and an equipment grant from Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation
Effects of nicotine on uterine blood flow and intrauterine oxygen tension in the rat (1981)

Subcutaneous injection of nicotine (0.5 or 5 mg/kg body wt) resulted in a marked and prolonged reduction in uterine blood flow and intrauterine oxygen tension in pseudopregnant rats. By 10 min after nicotine administration (5 mg/kg) uterine perfusion was reduced by 40%, remained suppressed for 90 min and returned to the pre-treatment level by 120 min. Rats receiving the 0.5 mg nicotine/kg also showed a marked reduction in uterine blood flow, although the response was slower in onset and longer in duration. Nicotine (5 mg/kg) also resulted in a sustained decrease in intrauterine oxygen tension from a control value of 48.9 +/- 3.6 to 22.2 +/- 2.6 mmHg at 45--60 min and 21.7 +/- 1.5 mmHg at 60--90 min. The frequency and amplitude of fluctuations in intrauterine oxygen tension were still reduced by 90 min after treatment.