gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ozone-Initiated Secondary Emission Rates of Aldehydes from Indoor Surfaces in Four Homes (2006)

Field experiments were conducted in four homes during summerto quantify ozone-induced secondary emission rates (SERs) of aldehydes on indoor surfaces. Four surfaces in each house were examined: living room carpet, living room wall, kitchen floor, and kitchen counter. Upon exposure to ozone for 3 h, formaldehyde and C3-C10 saturated aldehydes, especially nonanal, were emitted as products of ozone-surface reactions. Carpet in newer homes had higher SERs than carpet in older homes. For example, the nonanal SER from the living room carpet was 80 microg m(-2) h(-1) in a 1 year old home, but only 8-20 microg m(-2) h(-1) in two homes that were greater than 10 years old. All kitchen countertops were very reactive and high SERs were observed, especially for nonanal. Product yields from countertops were consistent with the products of ozone reactions with oleic and linoleic esters, common in cooking oils. These findings suggest that carpet surfaces become depleted of reactants as they become oxidized over time. However, countertop surfaces, which are cleaned frequently or become covered in cooking oils, are continuously replenished with reactants. Over time, countertops may become the dominant contributor to indoor concentrations of secondary aldehydes. However, when total surface area is taken into account for the homes assessed, carpet is predicted to be the primary source of secondary emissions, even for older homes.
3.1 Anode (2021)

Recommendations are given concerning the terminology of methods used in electroanalytical chemistry. Fundamental terms in electrochemistry are reproduced from previous PAC Recommendations, and new and updated material is added for terms in electroanalytical chemistry, classification of electrode systems, and electroanalytical techniques.
An Integrated System for Regional Environmental Monitoring and Management Based on Internet of Things (2014)

Climate change and environmental monitoring and management have received much attention recently, and an integrated information system (IIS) is considered highly valuable. This paper introduces a novel IIS that combines Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Computing, Geoinformatics [remote sensing (RS), geographical information system (GIS), and global positioning system (GPS)], and e-Science for environmental monitoring and management, with a case study on regional climate change and its ecological effects. Multi-sensors and web services were used to collect data and other information for the perception layer; both public networks and private networks were used to access and transport mass data and other information in the network layer. The key technologies and tools include real-time operational database (RODB); extraction–transformation–loading (ETL); on-line analytical processing (OLAP) and relational OLAP (ROLAP); naming, addressing, and profile server (NAPS); application gateway (AG); application software for different platforms and tasks (APPs); IoT application infrastructure (IoT-AI); GIS and e-Science platforms; and representational state transfer/Java database connectivity (RESTful/JDBC). Application Program Interfaces (APIs) were implemented in the middleware layer of the IIS. The application layer provides the functions of storing, organizing, processing, and sharing of data and other information, as well as the functions of applications in environmental monitoring and management. The results from the case study show that there is a visible increasing trend of the air temperature in Xinjiang over the last 50 years (1962–2011) and an apparent increasing trend of the precipitation since the early 1980s. Furthermore, from the correlation between ecological indicators [gross primary production (GPP), net primary production (NPP), and leaf area index (LAI)] and meteorological elements (air temperature and precipitation), water resource availability is the decisive factor with regard to the terrestrial ecosystem in the area. The study shows that the research work is greatly benefited from such an IIS, not only in data collection supported by IoT, but also in Web services and applications based on cloud computing and e-Science platforms, and the effectiveness of monitoring processes and decision-making can be obviously improved. This paper provides a prototype IIS for environmental monitoring and management, and it also provides a new paradigm for the future research and practice; especially in the era of big data and IoT.
SOLUBLE CD30 AS A PREDICTOR OF KIDNEY GRAFT OUTCOME1 (2002)

These data show that an elevated pretransplantation serum sCD30 reflects an immune state that is detrimental for kidney graft survival.
Chronic hyperammonemia induces tonic activation of NMDA receptors in cerebellum leading to a decrease of neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity (2010)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
New Trends to Support Independence in Persons with Mild Dementia – A Mini-Review (2012)

Our research was motivated by the growing aging population worldwide and the need to concentrate research efforts on a specific target group; it focuses on elderly persons with physical and cognitive deficiencies. The primary goal is to enable persons with mild dementia to maximize their physical and mental functions through assistive technologies in order to be able to continue to participate in social networks and lead independent and purposeful lives. Persons with mild dementia usually have problems in performing activities of daily living due to episodic memory decline. These can include simple activities, such as bathing, changing clothes and preparing meals. Through extended field test trials involving end users, we have demonstrated that assistive technology that provides timely prompts, alarms and reminders can enable them to preserve their abilities and improve their quality of life. Understanding the user context, especially when targeting demented individuals, and providing the required personalized assistive services is the objective of our research work. Finding the appropriate user interface to interact with the provided services is often a barrier. Thus, we have adopted the approach of a multimodal interactive system with the living environment including a TV set, iPad-like tablets, sensors/actuators, and wireless speakers connected to a reasoning engine that is able to consider the complexity of the users' profile defined by his/her cognitive abilities. In this paper we will mainly focus on the interaction level with the system as well as on the validation stages performed to meet the users' requirements. This is the result of several years' work since 2006 in the frame of two projects (IST-FP6 COGKNOW European completed project and AMUPADH ongoing project in Singapore).
A jack of all trades: the multiple roles of the unique essential second messenger cyclic di‐AMP (2015)

Second messengers are key components of many signal transduction pathways. In addition to cyclic AMP, ppGpp and cyclic di-GMP, many bacteria use also cyclic di-AMP as a second messenger. This molecule is synthesized by distinct classes of diadenylate cyclases and degraded by phosphodiesterases. The control of the intracellular c-di-AMP pool is very important since both a lack of this molecule and its accumulation can inhibit growth of the bacteria. In many firmicutes, c-di-AMP is essential, making it the only known essential second messenger. Cyclic di-AMP is implicated in a variety of functions in the cell, including cell wall metabolism, potassium homeostasis, DNA repair and the control of gene expression. To understand the molecular mechanisms behind these functions, targets of c-di-AMP have been identified and characterized. Interestingly, c-di-AMP can bind both proteins and RNA molecules. Several proteins that interact with c-di-AMP are required to control the intracellular potassium concentration. In Bacillus subtilis, c-di-AMP also binds a riboswitch that controls the expression of a potassium transporter. Thus, c-di-AMP is the only known second messenger that controls a biological process by interacting with both a protein and the riboswitch that regulates its expression. Moreover, in Listeria monocytogenes c-di-AMP controls the activity of pyruvate carboxylase, an enzyme that is required to replenish the citric acid cycle. Here, we review the components of the c-di-AMP signaling system.
Report of One-Year Prospective Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Dogs and Cats in France with Various Exposure Risks: Confirmation of a Low Prevalence of Shedding, Detection and Complete Sequencing of an Alpha Variant in a Cat (2021)

Despite the probable zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2, only limited research efforts have been made to understand the role of companion animals in SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology. According to recent serological prevalence studies, human-to-companion animal transmission is quite frequent, which led us to consider that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animal to human, albeit negligible in the present context, may have been underestimated. In this study, we provide the results of a prospective survey that was conducted to evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 isolation rate by qRT-PCR in dogs and cats with different exposure risks and clinical statuses. From April 2020 to April 2021, we analyzed 367 samples and investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using qRT-PCR. Only four animals tested positive, all of them being cats. Three cats were asymptomatic and one presented a coryza-like syndrome. We describe in detail the infection in two cats and the associated clinical characteristics. Importantly, we obtained SARS-CoV-2 genomes from one infected animal and characterized them as Alpha variants. This represents the first identification of the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant in an infected animal in France.
Water-Saturated Mesoporous MCM-41 Systems Characterized by 1H NMR Spin-Lattice Relaxation Times (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWater-Saturated Mesoporous MCM-41 Systems Characterized by 1H NMR Spin-Lattice Relaxation TimesEddy Walther Hansen, Ralf Schmidt, Michael Stoecker, and Duncan AkporiayeCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 12, 4148–4154Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100012a040https://doi.org/10.1021/j100012a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views406Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The First Norovirus Longitudinal Seroepidemiological Study From Sub-Saharan Africa Reveals High Seroprevalence of Diverse Genotypes Associated With Host Susceptibility Factors (2018)

HuNoVs are highly prevalent in Ugandan children, indicating a substantial burden of diarrhea-associated morbidity with recurrent infections. Public health interventions, including vaccination, and increased surveillance are urgently needed.
Development of an Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Vitellin for Vitellogenin Measurement in the Pale Chub, &lt;i&gt;Zacco platypus&lt;/i&gt; (2013)

A sandwich ELISA was developed that could be used to qualify the VTG of pale chub in screening for EDCs. Pale chub is an ideal species for observing estrogen activity in the environment because of its extensive habitat and extensive food chain. The ELISA developed here would be more favorable than those for other species for determining the effect of long-term food chain accumulation of EDCs in aquatic environments.
Molecular Recognition of Naphthalenedicarboxylic Acid Regioisomers by Cyclodextrins (1998)

Abstract Complexation of cyclodextrins (CD’s) with some regioisomers of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (NDC) was examined in 0.1 mol dm−3 NaHCO3 at 25 °C by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy, together with the measurement of induced circular dichroism spectra of NDC’s with the addition of CD’s. The 1H NMR spectra of 2,6- and 2,7-NDC’s showed characteristic AB-type patterns, which changed continuously with increasing CD concentration in accord with the Pople theory. The binding constants (Ka) for β-CD complexes with NDC’s increased in the order of: 1,4-NDC ≈ 1,5-NDC &amp;lt; 1,3-NDC &amp;lt; 1,6-NDC &amp;lt; 2,3-NDC &amp;lt; 2,7-NDC ≤ 2,6-NDC, indicating that β-CD is able to recognize the molecular structures of NDC’s. On the other hand, interactions of α- and γ-CD’s with NDC’s were very weak and nonspecific to NDC’s. The molecular structures of β-CD complexes with some NDC’s were estimated based on the ROESY spectra of the systems. Column chromatography of NDC’s using a β-CD-(2-chloromethyloxirane) polymer column showed that the retention volumes for NDC’s increased in the order of: 1,4-NDC &amp;lt; 1,6-NDC &amp;lt; 2,3-NDC &amp;lt; 2,7-NDC &amp;lt; 2,6-NDC, which agreed with the order the Ka values.
Protein Malnutrition in the Domestic Fowl Induces Alterations in Adrenocortical Cell Adrenocorticotropin Receptors* (1988)

Our previous work suggests that persistent protein malnutrition in immature domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus) alters ACTH-adrenocortical cell interaction, possibly including ACTH receptors. To investigate this possibility, we measured some ACTH receptor parameters in isolated adrenocortical cells from normal and dietary protein-restricted domestic fowl. White Leghorn cockerels (2 weeks old) were fed isocaloric semipurified diets containing either 8% [low (L)] or 20% [normal (N)] soy protein for 4 weeks ad libitum. Cockerels were quickly killed by decapitation and exsanguination, and adrenal glands were removed and prepared for cell isolation. Highly enriched (greater than 80% pure) adrenocortical cells (collagenase isolated, followed by separation on a Percoll continuous density gradient) were evaluated for ACTH receptors using pharmacological and radioligand approaches. In a pharmacological approach, we measured the influence of the complete, competitive antagonist, human (h) ACTH-(7-38) on hACTH-(7-39)-induced corticosterone production by adrenocortical cells from L and N cockerels. Inhibitor constants of hACTH-(7-38), calculated from Schild plots, were 3.16 X 10(-7) and 9.82 X 10(-7) M for L and N cockerel cells, respectively, thus suggesting differences in ACTH receptor function between the two treatment groups. To characterize ACTH receptors directly, we measured the binding of a monoiodinated ACTH analog [125I-Tyr23]hACTH-(1-39) to domestic fowl adrenocortical cells. Binding was linear with cell concentration, highly specific (only ACTH peptides caused significant displacement), rapid (maximal binding by 1 h), reversible (half-time of dissociation, approximately 40 min), and saturable. Curvilinear Scatchard plots were obtained, and vectorial analysis resolved both high and low affinity sites. The concentrations (femtomoles per 50 micrograms DNA) and dissociation constants (Kd) of both classes of sites were different between N and L bird cells. Values of these receptor parameters for N and L cockerel cells were, respectively, as follows: concentrations of low affinity sites, 7.45 and 11.60; concentrations of high affinity sites, 3.16 and 5.50; Kd of low affinity sites, 2.05 X 10(-8) and 2.58 X 10(-9) M; Kd of high affinity sites, 1.01 X 10(-9) and 1.27 X 10(-10) M. Thus, the overall binding capacity of L bird cells was 65% greater than that of N bird cells. In addition, the overall affinity (1/Kd) of sites of L bird cells was 9 times that of sites of N bird cells. These data indicate that persistent protein malnutrition in the domestic fowl increased both the number and affinity of adrenocortical cell ACTH receptors.
Derivatives of Lignin and Ligninlike Models with Acrylate Functionality (1989)

Hydroxybutyl lignin, as well as lignin and lignin derivative-like model compounds, were chemically modified by reaction with isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEM). The acrylated derivatives were studied with regard to copolymerization characteristics with styrene (S) and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The reactivity ratios obtained suggest that lignin (model compound) acrylates form preferentially alternating copolymers with MMA and S, and that the degree of deviation from azeotropic composition varies with chemistry. Azeotropic points were between 17 and 30 mole % lignin (model compound) acrylate. Reaction of acrylated lignin derivatives with vinyl monomers produces network polymers with gel structure that shows the expected rise in sol fraction as vinyl equivalent weight increases.
Effects of Engine Speed and Accessory Load on Idling Emissions from Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck Engines (2002)

A nontrivial portion of heavy-duty vehicle emissions of NOx and particulate matter (PM) occurs during idling. Regulators and the environmental community are interested in curtailing truck idling emissions, but current emissions models do not characterize them accurately, and little quantitative data exist to evaluate the relative effectiveness of various policies. The objectives of this study were to quantify the effect of accessory loading and engine speed on idling emissions from a properly functioning, modern, heavy-duty diesel truck and to compare these results with data from earlier model year vehicles. It was found that emissions during idling varied greatly as a function of engine model year, engine speed, and accessory load conditions. For the 1999 model year Class 8 truck tested, raising the engine speed from 600 to 1050 rpm and turning on the air conditioning resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in NOx emissions in grams per hour, a 2-fold increase in CO2 emissions, and a 5-fold increase in CO emissions while idling. On a grams per gallon fuel basis, NOx emissions while idling were approximately twice as high as those at 55 mph. The CO2 emissions at the two conditions were closer. The NOx emissions from the 1999 truck while idling with air conditioning running were slightly more than those of two 1990 model year trucks under equivalent conditions, and the hydrocarbon (HC) and CO emissions were significantly lower. It was found that the NOx emissions used in the California Air Resources Board's (CARB) EMFAC2000 and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) MOBILE5b emissions inventory models were lower than those measured in all of the idling conditions tested on the 1999 truck.
Effect of Dose on Mole Percentages of Polymer Brush and Root Grafted onto Porous Polyethylene Sheet by Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization (2013)

Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was graft-polymerized onto a porous sheet ( 75% porosity and 1.6-μm average pore size) previously irradiated with an electron beam. The resultant grafted poly-GMA chain can be classified as a polymer brush extending from the pore surface toward the pore interior and a polymer root invading the polymer matrix. The boundary crossing the pore/matrix interface can be detected in two independent ways: molar conversion of the epoxy group into a sulfonic group providing a plateau in the molar conversion versus reaction time curve and molar conversion exhibiting a breakthrough point in the swelling ratio versus molar conversion curve. A higher irradiation dose was found to lead to a higher mole percentage of polymer brush in the graft chain. The dose range from 20 to 200 kGy corresponded to the mole percentage range of polymer brush from 6% to 15%.
Positive‐Temperature‐Coefficient Effect in Graphite–Cristobalite Composites (1992)

An anomalous positive temperature coefficient (PTC) of resistance was found in a conductor–insulator ceramic composite. The composite materials was composed of randomly dispersed conducting graphite and insulating cristobalite‐form SiO 2 particles. The PTC effect occurred at exactly 230°C, that is, at a reversible phase inversion point with a large thermal expansion of cristobalite. The magnitude of the PTC anomaly was high in composites located in the middle of the percolation curve, and loaded with large graphite and fine SiO 2 particles.
Giant SCA8 alleles in nine children whose mother has two moderately large ones (2005)

We report here a family in which each of nine children has inherited giant SCA8 CTG expansions from a homozygous mother who has two moderately large SCA8 CTG alleles. In contrast, three homozygous male individuals and a case of coexistence of two expansions of the FRDA gene and one of SCA8, all of them with moderately large alleles, have transmitted their respective SCA8 expanded alleles with minor changes, as usually occurs in heterozygous male transmissions.
Fish oil supplementation alters levels of lipid mediators of inflammation in microenvironment of acute human wounds (2011)

Chronic wounds often result from prolonged inflammation involving excessive polymorphonuclear leukocyte activity. Studies show that the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) found in fish oils generate bioactive lipid mediators that reduce inflammation and polymorphonuclear leukocyte recruitment in numerous inflammatory disease models. This study's purpose was to test the hypotheses that boosting plasma levels of EPA and DHA with oral supplementation would alter lipid mediator levels in acute wound microenvironments and reduce polymorphonuclear leukocyte levels. Eighteen individuals were randomized to 28 days of either EPA+DHA supplementation (Active Group) or placebo. After 28 days, the Active Group had significantly higher plasma levels of EPA (p<0.001) and DHA (p<0.001) than the Placebo Group and significantly lower wound fluid levels of two 15-lipoxygenase products of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid [p=0.033] and 15-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid [p=0.006]), at 24 hours postwounding. The Active Group also had lower mean levels of myeloperoxidase, a leukocyte marker, at 12 hours and significantly more reepithelialization on Day 5 postwounding. We suggest that lipid mediator profiles can be manipulated by altering polyunsaturated fatty acid intake to create a wound microenvironment more conducive to healing.
Cutting Surface Hard Coatings Utilizing Pulse Laser Ablation (2003)

気相蒸着法で堆積したSi_3N_4やダイヤモンド膜の膜のみをパルスレーザ・アブレーションを利用して切断・穿孔した。Si_3N_4膜では1回のレーザ照射による加工深さには限界があった。ダイヤモンド膜では250mJの点集光照射でも表面が黒鉛化するのみで穿孔は不可能であったが, 低エネルギーレーザを繰返し照射することによって穿孔や切断に成功した。また, これら硬質膜の残留応力分布を薄膜のみを切断することにより評価した。得られた結果は成膜雰囲気から予想される傾向と一致した。
Silicon photonic filters for high speed data transmission applications (2010)

We report compact and low-loss silicon photonic filter devices that are readily integrated with actives to enable high-aggregate bitrate WDM systems. Data is presented for a 100Gbps link over 10km.