gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P3 Class Definitions (2014)

This technical note describes a subset of P3 class definitions, defining their syntax and providing an informal semantics. A P3 class can have complex content and virtual static fields. A class definition yields two instance types, exact and general, and a class object. The subset of class definitions described in this note corresponds to the domain of the class encoding described by technical note Encoding and Typing of Complex Class Definitions * [14].
Abstract 5207: miR-491 and miR-218: Two possible tools to reduce FOXP3 expression in breast carcinomas (2014)

Abstract The Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) gene is a member of the forkhead/winged-helix family of transcription factors implicated in the regulation of immune system development and function. However, FOXP3 is also expressed in human epithelial cancers, where it has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis and in particular with metastasis. Aim of our work is to identify microRNAs able to regulate FOXP3 expression in breast tumors. To discover microRNAs able to regulate FOXP3 expression in breast cancer cells, an in silico analysis has been performed. Among microRNAs harboring FOXP3 seed regions, we focused our attention on miR-218 and miR-491, described to have oncosuppressive properties. Indeed, it has been reported that miR-218 expression stimulates activation of tumor suppressor genes and miR-491 expression inversely correlates with migratory potential in HCC cell lines and in vivo with metastatic potential. We therefore evaluated the ability of these microRNAs to act as oncosuppressors by targeting FOXP3 in a breast cancer model. After transient co-transfection either of miR-218 or miR-491 with FOXP3 in MDA-MB-231 cells, a significant decrease in FOXP3 expression at protein level by WB was found. To perform functional studies both in vitro and in vivo, we generated a breast cancer cell model by stable transfection of MDA-MB-231 with inducible Tet-off plasmid encoding for FOXP3 encompassing 3′UTR region, thus maintaining microRNA-mediated regulation. We demonstrated that FOXP3 expressing clones display an increased migration capacity as compared with their respective non-induced cells. Also in these stable clones a reduction of FOXP3 expression after transfection of miR-491 and miR-218 has been demonstrated by WB. Moreover, FOXP3 was confirmed to be a direct target of both microRNAs by luciferase reporter assay. We also found an inverse correlation between miR-491 levels and FOXP3 expression in human breast carcinoma specimens. Overall, these preliminary results demonstrate that microRNAs can regulate FOXP3 expression, and encourage to further investigate the biological and functional consequences of this targeting, and to exploit microRNAs as a potential therapeutic tool for FOXP3 expressing breast carcinomas. Citation Format: Martina Di Modica, Tiziana Triulzi, Viola Regondi, Marilena V. Iorio, Andrea Balsari, Elda Tagliabue, Patrizia Casalini. miR-491 and miR-218: Two possible tools to reduce FOXP3 expression in breast carcinomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5207. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5207
Living Organ Donation (2021)

More than 100,000 people within us are expecting an organ to become available for a transplant which will save their lives. Many organ donors live donors. How are you able to be a organ donor? Most people are often organ donors. Many of us prefer to donate an organ upon their death. But an individual can donate certain organs while he or she remains living. These people are called living donors. A donor must be: In good general health. Free from diseases which will damage the organs, like diabetes, uncontrolled high vital sign, or cancer. At least 18 years old, typically. Who are you able to donate to? You can direct your donation to someone you know: a loved one, a friend, a co-worker, or an individual that you simply know needs an organ. Otherwise you can donate to someone in need by donating to the national roll. you'll also want to speak together with your doctor about paired organ exchange.
A new source/drain germanium-enrichment process comprising Ge deposition and laser-induced local melting and recrystallization for P-FET performance enhancement (2008)

We report for the first time a new process technology for boosting the Ge content in SiGe source/drain (S/D) stressors to increase strain and performance levels in p-FETs. By laser-induced local melting and inter-mixing of an amorphous Ge layer with an underlying Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.8</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</sub> S/D region, a graded SiGe S/D stressor is formed upon recrystallization. Peak Ge content in the graded SiGe S/D is doubled over the as-grown film. Raman analysis confirmed the retention of high S/D strain levels due to the rapid non-equilibrium recrystallization process. The new process technology developed here employs several simple additional steps, including amorphous Ge deposition and laser anneal (LA). For a p-FET with Ge enriched S/D, 21% and 12% I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Dsat</sub> enhancement at a fixed I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> of 2times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-8</sup> A/mum is observed over control p-FETs with Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.8</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</sub> S/D formed by RTA and LA, respectively.
Energy Management and Guidance for Gyroplane Autonomous Unpowered Landing Based on Onboard Trajectory Generation (2019)

Benefiting from stable autorotation, the capacity of autonomous unpowered landing brings a gyroplane its feasibility of Short or Vertical Landing with high payload fraction, which furthermore extends its application prospects. Aiming to this mission, a guidance system architecture is proposed to provide a systematic solution in this specific flight phase, comprising Energy Management, Trajectory Generation as well as Guidance Command Calculation. Thus, the guidance for an unpowered landing mission can be realized through the management of its related energy to a designated touchdown point. By an onboard trajectory generation based on optimal lift-to-drag ratio target, the energy status is dynamically obtained and transferred as an evidence for mission-level decision. Utilizing the generated trajectory profiles, real-time guidance command is calculated for providing the control expectations respectively in height, velocity and lateral control channels. Through this approach, a gyroplane can consume its energy appropriately by multi-circle-spiral-descending near its landing site and eventually land at its touchdown point with expected status. Simulations under different scenarios show the effectiveness and adaptability of the approach.
Analysis of Non-Contact Multichannel Recording of Cardiac Vibration: Visual Seismocardiogram (2023)

Seismocardiography (SCG) is the recent research focus for cardiac monitoring and diagnosis. Contact based single channel accelerometer recordings suffer from limitations due to sensor placements and propagation delay. This work uses the airborne ultrasound device named Surface Motion Camera (SMC) for non-contact multichannel recording of the chest surface vibrations and proposes visualization techniques (vSCG) to enable simultaneous evaluation of both time and spatial variations of the vibrations. Recordings are performed on 10 healthy volunteers. The time propagation of vertical scans and 2D vibration contour maps at specific cardiac events are shown. These allow for a reproducible way for in-depth analysis of cardio mechanical activities, as compared to single channel SCG.
Micrometer-spaced platinum interdigitated array electrode: fabrication, theory, and initial use (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicrometer-spaced platinum interdigitated array electrode: fabrication, theory, and initial useChristopher E. Chidsey, B. J. Feldman, C. Lundgren, and Royce W. MurrayCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 3, 601–607Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00294a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00294a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1320Altmetric-Citations174LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Improvement of Cluster-Renewal Model for Estimation of Heat Transfer on the Water-Walls of Commercial CFB Boilers (2003)

Even though cluster renewal model appears to hold the ground for calculating heat transfer coefficients on water walls of a Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler, there are certain parameters of this model including thickness of the gas-gap between the wall and the particle suspension, wall coverage, thermal boundary layer, cluster concentration, cluster velocity, dispersed phase convection are yet to be determined. Fractional wall coverage is the most important parameter among them. This paper presents a correlation of fractional wall coverage for commercial boilers based on the data from large CFB boilers where average solids concentration, size and height of the combustor were taken as variable. Data were deduced by applying cluster renewal model with recent findings on gas gap, thermal boundary layer, cluster concentration, cluster velocity to the reported heat transfer coefficients on four commercial CFB boilers. The improved cluster renewal model is validated against available data.
Suprabasal change and subsequent formation of disulfide-stabilized homo- and hetero-dimers of keratins during esophageal epithelial differentiation (1993)

Rabbit esophageal epithelium, a parakeratinized stratified epithelium, synthesizes as one of its major differentiation products a keratin pair consisting of a basic K4 (59 kDa) and an acidic K13 (41 kDa) keratin. Although immunohistochemical staining data suggest that in esophageal epithelia of some other species these two keratins are suprabasally located, antigenic masking of the epitopes in the basal cells has not been ruled out. Using several well-characterized monoclonal antibodies including AE8, which specifically recognizes K13, coupled with biochemical analysis of keratins of basal and suprabasal cells isolated from confluent rabbit esophageal epithelial culture, we have obtained direct evidence that K4 and K13 keratins are largely absent in the undifferentiated basal cells, but are present in large amounts in suprabasal cells. We also show that in the cornified cell layers that are formed during the terminal stage of esophageal epithelial differentiation, K4 and K13 keratins become disulfide-crosslinked to form three different dimers. Two of them (110 kDa and 100 kDa) are heterodimers and consist of equimolar amounts of K4 and K13; they presumably represent isomers crosslinked via different cysteine residues. The third dimer (90 kDa) was found to be a homodimer of the acidic K13 keratin. Trypsinization experiment established that at least some of the disulfide crosslinks in the K4/K13 heterodimer must involve cysteine residues residing in the trypsin-resistant rod domains of keratins. Air-oxidation of in vitro reconstituted filaments reproduced the two heterodimers, which most likely involve the crosslinking between type I and type II keratins of different coiled coils. The formation of these disulfide-crosslinked keratin dimers, instead of higher molecular mass oligomers or polymers as occurring in the epidermis and hair, may contribute to the formation of cornified cells with a physical stability and rigidity that are optimal for esophageal function. Our data also suggest that interactions involved in the formation of homodimers, thought to be metastable and unimportant during the initial step of filament assembly (i.e. tetramer formation), may actually play an important role in stabilizing a higher order structure in mature keratin filaments.
Comparison of Medical and Surgical Therapy for Complicated Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Veterans (1992)

In men with complicated gastroesophageal reflux disease, surgery is significantly more effective than medical therapy in improving the symptoms and endoscopic signs of esophagitis for up to two years, although medical treatment is also effective.
Guided Selfies using Models of Portrait Aesthetics (2017)

We introduce techniques enabling interactive guidance for better self-portrait photos ("selfies") using a smartphone cam- era. Aesthetic quality is estimated using empirical models for three parameterized composition principles: face size, face position, and lighting direction. The models are built using 2,700 crowdworker assessments of highly-controlled synthetic selfies. These are generated by manipulating a virtual camera and lighting when rendering a realistic 3D model of a human to methodically explore the parameter space. A camera application uses the models to estimate the aesthetic quality of a live selfie preview based on parameters measured by computer vision. The photographer is guided towards a better selfie by directional hints overlaid on the live preview. A study shows the technique provides a 26% increase in aesthetic quality compared to a standard camera application.
Interleukin-1αInduction in Human Keratinocytes (HaCaT): AnIn VitroModel for Chemoprevention in Skin (2012)

Long-term exposure to UV irradiation and toxic chemicals is associated with chronic inflammation that contributes to skin cancer development with interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), constitutively produced by keratinocytes, playing a pivotal role in skin inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the modulation of IL-1α production in the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate failed to induce IL-1α in HaCaT cells, and this might be associated with the specific deficiency known to affect downstream signalling of the MEK/ERK pathway in these cells. The calcium ionophore, ionomycin, slightly enhanced the production of intracellular (icIL-1α), but this resulted in a necrotic release at higher concentrations. UV-B exposure significantly increased the production of icIL-1α in a dose-dependent manner with a maximal induction exhibited at 24 h with minimal necrotic and apoptotic effects. Validation of the HaCaT cell model indicated that the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), ibuprofen, and the glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, inhibited icIL-1α production, and this was associated with a slight inhibition of cell viability. The UV-B-induced keratinocyte cell model provides an in vitro system that could, apart from phorbol ester-like compounds, be utilised as a screening assay in identifying skin irritants and/or therapeutic topical agents via the modulation of IL-1α production.
Combination of inductive feedback and shunt peaking (IF+SHP) for bandwidth extension of transimpedance amplifiers (2015)

This paper presents combination of inductive feedback and shunt peaking techniques as a technique (IF+SHP) for Bandwidth extension of Transimpedance Amplifiers. This new technique will reduce the effect of capacitances of the MOS transistor and photodiode capacitance. The zero pole analysis shows the technique is promising for the purpose of bandwidth extension. The feasibility of the method has been confirmed in a well-known CMOS technology (i.e. 90nm STMicroelectronics). The amplifiers achieve 3-dB bandwidths of more than 50GHz in presence of 50fF photodiode capacitance and 5fF loading capacitance.
Computational, crystallographic studies, cytotoxicity and anti-tubercular activity of substituted 7-methoxy-indolizine analogues (2019)

Indolizines are heteroaromatic compounds, and their synthetic analogues have reportedly showed promising pharmacological properties. In this study, a series of synthetic 7-methoxy-indolizine derivatives were synthesised, characterised and evaluated for in vitro whole-cell anti-tuberculosis (TB) screening against susceptible (H37Rv) and multi-drug-resistant (MDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) using the resazurin microplate assay method. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay. In silico molecular-docking study was conducted for compounds 5a-j against enoyl-[acyl-carrier] protein reductase, a key enzyme of the type II fatty acid synthesis that has attracted much interest for the development of novel anti-TB compounds. Thereafter, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was undertaken for the most active inhibitors. Compounds 5i and 5j with the methoxy functional group at the meta position of the benzoyl group, which was at the third position of the indolizine nucleus, demonstrated encouraging anti-TB activity against MDR strains of MTB at 16 μg/mL. In silico studies showed binding affinity within the range of 7.07-8.57 kcal/mol, with 5i showing the highest binding affinity. Hydrogen bonding, π-π- interactions, and electrostatic interactions were common with the active site. Most of these interactions occurred with the catalytic amino acids (Pro193, Tyr158, Phe149, and Lys165). MD simulation showed that 5j possessed the highest binding affinity toward the enzyme, according to the two calculation methods (MM/PBSA and MM/GBSA). The single-crystal X-ray studies of compounds 5c and 5d revealed that the molecular arrangements in these two structures were mostly guided by C-H···O hydrogen-bonded dimeric motifs and C-H···N hydrogen bonds, while various secondary interactions (such as π···π and C-H···F) also contributed to crystal formation. Compounds 5a, 5c, 5i, and 5j exhibited no toxicity up to 500 μg/mL. In conclusion, 5i and 5j are promising anti-TB compounds that have shown high affinity based on docking and MD simulation results.
Intentional Binding Effects in the Experience of Noticing the Regularity of a Perceptual-Motor Task (2020)

Noticing the regularity of the task is necessary to enhance motor performance. The experience of noticing further motivates improvement in motor performance. Motor control is explained by a comparator model that modifies the motor command to reduce discrepancies between sensory predictions and actual outcomes. A similar model could apply to sense of agency (SoA). SoA refers to the sensation of controlling one's own actions and, through them, the outcomes in the external world. SoA may also be enhanced by the experience of noticing errors. We recently reported gradual enhancement of SoA in participants with high perceptual-motor performance. However, what component of the motor task changed the SoA is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence over time of the experience of noticing during a motor task on SoA. Participants performed an implicit regularity perceptual-motor task and an intentional binding task (a method that can quantitatively measure SoA) simultaneously. We separated participants into groups after the experiment based on noticing or not noticing the regularity. SoA was gradually enhanced in the noticing group, compared with that of the non-noticing group. The results suggest that the experience of noticing may enhance SoA during perceptual-motor tasks.
Theory of Laser Cascades (1965)

Two- and three-step laser cascades have been recently detected experimentally in He-Ne mixtures and in pure neon. In the present paper a two-step cascade is treated in detail theoretically, starting with the density-matrix formulation. The corresponding equations can be simplified to rate equations under an assumption about the relative size of certain phase-memory times, which seems well justified in the present case. Because there are usually only minor differences in the results between a gaseous laser and a solid-state laser with an inhomogeneously broadened line, and because the mathematical treatment of the gas laser is more involved, the solid-state case will be treated here. The laser condition for both the lower and upper transitions is derived for the most general case, i.e., that all three levels are pumped. Finally, a special two-step cascade is treated in detail. The results are in qualitative agreement with the experimental findings, although a quantitative comparison is still impeded by the lack of an exact knowledge of some of the parameters, especially the radiative linewidth.
Potassium Trimethylsilanolate-Promoted, Anhydrous Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction Proceeds via the “Boronate Mechanism”: Evidence for the Alternative Fork in the Trail (2022)

Previous studies have shown that the critical transmetalation step in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling proceeds through a mechanism wherein an arylpalladium hydroxide complex reacts with an aryl boronic acid, termed the oxo-palladium pathway. Moreover, these same studies have established that the reaction between an aryl boronate and an arylpalladium halide complex (the boronate pathway) is prohibitively slow. Herein, studies on isolated intermediates, along with kinetic analysis, have demonstrated that the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction promoted by potassium trimethylsilanolate (TMSOK) proceeds through the boronate pathway, in contrast with other, established systems. Furthermore, an unprecedented, binuclear palladium(I) complex containing a μ-phenyl bridging ligand was characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and computational methods. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the binuclear complex exhibits an open-shell ground electronic state, and reaction kinetics implicate the complex in the catalytic cycle. These results expand the breadth of potential mechanisms by which the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction can occur, and the novel binuclear palladium complex discovered has broad implications for palladium-mediated cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides.
Structure, heterogeneity and developability assessment of therapeutic antibodies (2018)

Increasing attention has been paid to developability assessment with the understanding that thorough evaluation of monoclonal antibody lead candidates at an early stage can avoid delays during late-stage development. The concept of developability is based on the knowledge gained from the successful development of approximately 80 marketed antibody and Fc-fusion protein drug products and from the lessons learned from many failed development programs over the last three decades. Here, we reviewed antibody quality attributes that are critical to development and traditional and state-of-the-art analytical methods to monitor those attributes. Based on our collective experiences, a practical workflow is proposed as a best practice for developability assessment including in silico evaluation, extended characterization and forced degradation using appropriate analytical methods that allow characterization with limited material consumption and fast turnaround time.