gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modelling Decentralised Decision Making (1996)

A set of agents t human or computer process} tire supposed lO dec~dc on an action given z, lmite set of possible straleglc., when the background inl’t~rnl:~titm is vague or numerically imprecise. The agents evaluate the stralegie.~ :rod communicate their opinions aboul their utdities, their opinion.’, about the credibilities of the reports of the other agents. :is well a.,, their opinions of the reliabilities the other agents. A ..,igniticant property of the theory is that it admits the representation of imprecise inform.’~tion at all stages. The strategies are evaluated relative to generalisations of the p,’inciple of maxiraising the expected utility. It is also demonstrated how decision trees can he integrated into the framework :me we sugge,~t :m evaluation rule taking int¢~ act’~unt all strategies. credibilities, reliabilities, probabilities and utilitie.~ involved in the framework. This is done ~ itht~ut presuppo.~ing the exi.’,lencc o1 a central co-ordinating agent that e~.aluates the thfferent repurts of the agents. In :t distributed context there are no tl priori reasons Ibr such art agent and v..e shL~w how it f;.tn be eliminated in our framework.
Optimal Allocation of Reactive Power Source in Wind Farms Using Sensitivity Analysis and Tabu Algorithm (2008)

Considering wind farms real operation characteristics, a novel method using sensitivity analysis and Tabu algorithm for reactive power compensation allocations is proposed. In this paper, the sensitivity coefficient is defined as partial derivative of voltage/reactive power. The nodes that have higher sensitivity coefficient are selected for install capacitors or SVC to reduce the voltage to the largest extent. The stochastic primary solution of the problem is obtained by Tabu algorithm, and then an optimized solution is achieved by iterative solving algorithm. At last the proposed method tested in an actual wind farms in Inner Mongolia, computational results show that the proposed method is feasible and effective.
Gait Characteristics of Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy during Inclined Treadmill Walking under a Virtual Reality Environment (2019)

Objective . To investigate gait characteristics in children with spastic cerebral palsy during inclined treadmill walking under a virtual reality environment. Methods . Ten spastic cerebral palsy (CP) children and ten typically developing (TD) children were asked to walk at their comfortable speed on a treadmill at a ground level and 10° inclined. Three-dimensional kinematic data and ground reaction force data were captured in a computer-assisted rehabilitation environment system. Kinetic parameters and dynamic balance parameters were calculated using a standard biomechanical approach. Results . During uphill walking, both groups decreased walking speed and stride length and increased peak pelvis tilt, ankle dorsiflexion, and hip flexion. Compared with TD children, CP children had decreased walking speed and stride length, decreased peak hip abduction moment, increased stance phase percentage, increased peak ankle dorsiflexion and knee flexion, and increased peak hip extension moment. The peak trunk rotation angle, ankle angle at initial contact, and stride length showed a significant <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mtext>group</mml:mtext><mml:mo>∗</mml:mo><mml:mtext>walking</mml:mtext><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext>condition</mml:mtext></mml:math> interaction effect. Conclusions . CP children showed similar adjustments for most gait parameters during uphill walking as TD children. With a lower walking speed, CP children could maintain similar dynamic balance as TD children. Uphill walking magnifies the existing abnormal gait patterns of the cerebral palsy children. We suggest that during a treadmill training with an inclination, the walking speed should be carefully controlled in the case of improving peak joint loading too much.
Synthesis and Characterization of Isophthalic Polyesters and Copolyesters based on 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone and 4,4’-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenol (2009)

Two aromatic isophthalic polyesters and three copolyesters were synthesized by interfacial polycondensation using 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (2,4-DBP) and 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenol (HFD) with isophthaloyl chloride (ISO). All polymers were soluble in common chlorinated solvents. These aromatic polyesters and copolyesters were characterized by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Their thermal, dynamic mechanical and physical properties were also determined. The glass transition temperature, onset of decomposition, and thermal stability of the homopolymer, poly(hexafluoroisopropilydene)isophthalate (HFD/ISO), were higher than those of homopolymer poly(2,4-benzophenone)isophthalate (2,4-DBP/ISO). The thermal properties of the copolyesters HFD/ ISO-co-DBP/ISO depend upon the amounts of HFD/ISO moiety present in the copolymer. Physical properties of the copolyesters were intermediate between those of the homopolyesters and depend upon the concentration of comonomers present in the copolyester.
Design of a Low Power Architecture for CABAC Encoder in H.264 (2006)

In this paper, we propose a low power architecture for the implementation of context based adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) system in H.264. CABAC needs to have the accurate probability estimations for most probable symbol (MPS) to enhance higher compression ratio. This data compression efficiency can be implicitly achieved by iteratively updating probability models stored in the embedded memory for hardware design. Therefore the design of the memory hierarchy and the suitable architecture is an important issue so that the power consumption can be kept low caused by memory accesses for iteratively executing arithmetic coding operations. To address the low power consideration for designing a CABAC encoder, we propose the architecture by using variable length tag cache memory scheme and pipeline structure. The simulation results show that our proposed architecture can achieve 50% power consumption saving, and throughput can be higher than 200Mbps
Neurological manifestations of coronavirus infections (2020)

Coronaviruses are enveloped virus with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry. Coronaviruses are named due to the appearance by electron microscopy which resembles a crown or halo created by viral spike peptomers that determine the virus tropism. The hemagglutinin-esterase protein is present in a subset of ß-coronaviruses and binds sialic acids on surface glycoproteins and contains acetyl-esterase activity. Mortality is highly witnessed in the geriatric population and the underlying comorbidities include cardiac and respiratory disorders and immunosuppressed states. Several acute neurological syndromes have been associated with coronaviruses. Supportive therapy should include prevention of deep vein thrombosis since patients are hypercoagulable and may have endothelial cell damage. Due to lung involvement, patients are hypoxic for prolonged periods of time and may lose their hypoxic drive making it more critical to intubate sooner and may require prolonged intubation.
Self-transformation of trees with a bounded degree of vertices to minimize or maximize the Wiener index (2019)

We consider a distributed network whose communication graph is a non-oriented tree. It is assumed that the network itself can change its topology. For this, an extremely local atomic transformation is proposed - the addition of an edge connecting the different ends of two adjacent edges, and the simultaneous removal of one of these edges. This transformation is performed by "command" from the vertex of the tree, namely, the common vertex of two adjacent edges. It is shown that any other tree can be obtained from any tree using only atomic transformations. If trees with degree bounded d (d&gt;2) are considered, then the transformation does not violate this restriction. As an example of the goal of such a transformation, the tasks of maximizing and minimizing the Wiener index of a tree with a bounded degree of vertices without changing the set of its vertices are considered. Corresponding distributed algorithms are proposed and linear estimates of their complexity are proved.
Evaluating the performance of connected-word speech recognition systems (2003)

Outputs of connected-word recognizers may contain substitution, deletion and insertion errors, and their interpretation is not trivial. Simulations show that the commonly used dynamic programming word-sequence matching algorithm has serious shortcomings as an evaluation method at low performance levels, though it is generally reliable at high performance levels. The strategy of comparing input and output words in strict sequence is found to have little to recommend it. A method using word end-point information, which provides precise, detailed performance analyses, is described. Tests with real data confirm the reliability of the end-point method and the presence of positive bias in performance estimates form the word-sequence matching method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Optimizing the WAN between Branch Offices and the Data Center (2009)

WAN optimization/acceleration devices can minimize the number of transactions across a WAN and enhance the end-user experience at the branch.
Novel Diamide-Based Benzenesulfonamides as Selective Carbonic Anhydrase IX Inhibitors Endowed with Antitumor Activity: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and In Silico Insights (2019)

In this work, we present the synthesis and biological evaluation of novel series of diamide-based benzenesulfonamides 5a-h as inhibitors of the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms hCA I, II, IX and XII. The target tumor-associated isoforms hCA IX and XII were undeniably the most affected ones (<i>K</i><sub>I</sub>s: 8.3-123.3 and 9.8-134.5 nM, respectively). Notably, diamides 5a and 5h stood out as a single-digit nanomolar hCA IX inhibitors (<i>K</i><sub>I</sub>s = 8.8 and 8.3 nM). The SAR outcomes highlighted that bioisosteric replacement of the benzylidene moiety, compounds 5a-g, with the hetero 2-furylidene moiety, compound 5h, achieved the best IX/I and IX/II selectivity herein reported with SIs of 985 and 13.8, respectively. Molecular docking simulations of the prepared diamides within CA IX active site revealed the ability of 5h to establish an additional H-bond between the heterocyclic oxygen and HE/Gln67. Moreover, benzenesulfonamides 5a, 5b and 5h were evaluated for their antitumor activity against renal cancer UO-31 cell line. Compound 5h was the most potent derivative with about 1.5-fold more enhanced activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 4.89 ± 0.22 μM) than the reference drug Staurosporine (IC<sub>50</sub> = 7.25 ± 0.43 μM). Moreover, 5a and 5h were able to induce apoptosis in UO-31 cells as evidenced by the significant increase in the percent of annexinV-FITC positive apoptotic cells by 22.5- and 26.5-folds, respectively.
Chelating Scintillation Fibers for Measurements of 137Cs (2000)

Solid scintillating fibers, coated with a dual-mechanism bifunctional polymer shown to bind Cs(I) in alkaline solutions, were developed for measurement of 137Cs. The effect of the epoxy-polymer coating thickness on attenuation of the signal from 137Cs was evaluated. After optimal coating conditions were determined, both scintillation fiber and resin functions were retained, producing stable field-ready fibers. Temporal studies were performed to examine the kinetics of 137Cs uptake into the resin. Calibration curves of the fiber response were generated by beta-emission from solutions of 137Cs dissolved in 1 M sodium hydroxide. The plots exhibited a linear response over a range of 4-3200 nCi/mL (3.4 x 10(-10)-2.7 x 10(-7) M 137Cs), with a limit of detection of 3.65 nCi/mL (approximately 42 parts per trillion 137Cs). The distribution coefficient of Cs was determined to be 490 +/- 50 mL/g from these measurements. Selectivity studies of the resin were performed in the presence of 100 fold excess of Sr(II), Al(III), and nonradioactive Cs(I). Linear calibration plots were obtained in the presence of these potential interferences, but at a reduced sensitivity. The fibers were also used to evaluate the 137Cs content of a mock tank waste sample to show the potential of the fibers in complicated matrixes.
Transactional client-server cache consistency (1997)

Client-server database systems based on a data shipping model can exploit client memory resources by caching copies of data items across transaction boundaries. Caching reduces the need to obtain data from servers or other sites on the network. In order to ensure that such caching does not result in the violation of transaction semantics, a transactional cache consistency maintenance algorithm is required. Many such algorithms have been proposed in the literature and, as all provide the same functionality, performance is a primary concern in choosing among them. In this article we present a taxonomy that describes the design space for transactional cache consistency maintenance algorithms and show how proposed algorithms relate to one another. We then investigate the performance of six of these algorithms, and use these results to examine the tradeoffs inherent in the design choices identified in the taxonomy. The results show that the interactions among dimensions of the design space impact performance in many ways, and that classifications of algorithms as simply “pessimistic” or “optimistic” do not accurately characterize the similarities and differences among the many possible cache consistency algorithms.
The Effectiveness of 0.6% Povidone Iodine Eye Drops in Reducing the Conjunctival Bacterial Load and Needle Contamination in Patients Undergoing Anti-VEGF Intravitreal Injection: A Prospective, Randomized Study (2019)

The study purpose was to assess the efficacy of a preservative-free 0.6% povidone iodine eye drops as perioperative prophylactic treatment for reducing conjunctival bacterial load and the rate of needle contamination in patients undergoing intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection. Enrolled patients were randomized to either the study group (0.6% povidone iodine, three day-prophylactic treatment before the injection) or to the control group (placebo, three day-prophylactic treatment). Conjunctival swabs were obtained before and after the prophylactic treatment in both groups. Intravitreal injections were performed in a sterile fashion. The injection needle and a control needle were collected for microbiological culture. Data from 254 and 253 eyes in the study group and control group, respectively, were analyzed. Bacterial growth from conjunctival swab cultures was significantly lower after 0.6% povidone iodine prophylaxis compared to baseline and to placebo prophylaxis (<i>p</i> < 0.001), showing an 82% eradication rate in the study group. No injection needle showed bacterial contamination in the study group, whereas six needles were culture-positive in the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.015). No serious ocular and non-ocular adverse events were recorded. The 0.6% povidone iodine solution proved an effective treatment in reducing conjunctival bacterial load and risk of needle contamination.
Time-varying generalizations of all-pass filters (2005)

In many audio applications, digital all-pass filters are of central importance; a key property of such filters is energy (l/sub 2/ norm) preservation. In audio effect and sound synthesis algorithms, it is desirable to have filters that behave as all-passes with time-varying characteristics, but direct generalizations of time-invariant designs can lose the important norm-preserving property; for fast parameter variation, large gain increases are possible. We here call attention to some simple time-varying filter structures, based on wave digital filter designs, that do preserve signal energy and that reduce to simple first- and second-order all-pass filters in the time-invariant case.
Evidence for direct interactions between methimazole and free radicals (1984)

Two experimental approaches have been used to investigate possible interactions of methimazole with hydroxyl (OH) and iodine (I 2 − ) free radicals. Methimazole protects sensitive enzymes against inactivation caused by OH and I 2 − Pulse radiolysis reveals the presence of transient absorbing species formed as a result of the direct interaction between methimazole and these free radicals. Measurements of the absolute rate constants indicate that these reactions proceed very rapidly at very low drug concentrations. These experiments provide direct evidence that methimazole is a potent scavenger of OH and I 2 − and they provide a possible explanation for the previously observed effects of this drug.
The ADVISOR Visual Surveillance System (2004)

Abstract. ADVISOR is an automated visual surveillance system for metro stations which was developed as part of the project ADVISOR, involving 3 academic and 3 industrial project partners. The ADVISOR system aims at making public transport safer by automatically detecting at an early stage dangerous situations which may lead to accidents, violence or vandalism. In order to achieve this people are tracked across the station and their behaviours analysed. Additional measurements on crowd density and movement are also obtained. Warnings are generated and displayed to human operators for possible intervention. The article explores the main difficulties encountered during the design and implementation of ADVISOR and describes the ways in which they were solved. A prototype system has been built and extensively tested, proving the feasibility of automated visual surveillance systems. An analysis of test runs at a metro station in Barcelona and several individual experiments show that the system copes with many difficult image analysis problems. The analysis also points the way for future development and ways of deployment of the techniques used in the system. 1
Analysis of limit cycle oscillations in maximum power point tracking algorithms (2008)

This paper analyses the limit cycle oscillations (LCOs) that characterize some of the most commonly adopted maximum power point tracking (MPPT) digital algorithms. The paper identifies necessary conditions for the LCO existence and clarifies the relationship between some of its characteristics, namely amplitude and frequency, and some relevant system parameters, e.g. DC-DC converter control strategy, adopted MPPT algorithm and iteration frequency, A/D converter resolution. The theoretical study is based on the derivation of an equivalent small signal model of a complete photovoltaic system, where the MPPT algorithm is modelled by its describing function. The final goal is to allow the designer to predict the frequency and amplitude of the LCO and so to drive the design of key system parameters. The correctness of the results has been verified performing computer simulations as well as experimental tests on a 1 kWp PV generator.
Cyclopropannelation of the Bicyclo[3.3.0]octane Framework. On the Chemical Significance of exo‐Positioned Substituents (1991)

Abstract To facilitate the synthesis of tetracycles containing the framework 2 , the reaction of the tetrabromide 8 with cyanide and bis(phenylsulfonyl)methane under various conditions was investigated. Instead of the expected twofold bridging, novel cyclopropa derivatives were obtained. Product formation is a consequence of the stereochemistry of the starting material 8 , with the exo configuration of the bromomethyl substituents being the crucial factor.
Development of prefabricated structures broaching tool for high-speed broaching shaft of the compressor blades of the cut material (2015)

СБОРНЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ ПРОТЯЖЕК ДЛЯ СКОРОСТНОГО ПРОТЯГИВАНИЯ ЗАМКОВ ЛОПАТОК КОМПРЕССОРАУказывается, что главной проблемой протягивания является применение протяжек из быстрорежущей стали и ограниченные скорости резания.Анализ литературных данных показывает, что этому вопросу уделяется недостаточное внимание.Общий анализ работ показал, что большинство из них выполнено в лабораторных условиях, на образцах обрабатываемых материалов, на станках-стендах и носит рекомендательный характер, не учитывающий конкретные производственные и технические условия, размеры и конфигурацию обрабатываемых деталей, мощность и жесткость применяемого оборудования и т.д.Предлагаемые варианты имеют свои достоинства и недостатки.Применение протяжек из быстрорежущей стали ограничивает процесс протягивания максимальной скоростью резания v = 1,5…2 м/мин.Протяжки с напайными твердосплавными пластинами имеют следующие недостатки: износ одного зуба приводит к переточке всех зубьев или забраковке всей протяжки
A COMPLETE STUDY OF ELECTROACTIVE POLYMERS FOR ENERGY SCAVENGING: MODELLING AND EXPERIMENTS (2008)

Recent progresses in ultra low power microelectronics propelled the development of several microsensors and particularly the self powered microsystems (SPMS). One of their limitations is their size and their autonomy due to short lifetime of the batteries available on the market. To ensure their ecological energetic autonomy, a promising alternative is to scavenge the ambient energy such as the mechanical one. Nowadays, few microgenerators operate at low frequency. They are often rigid structures that can perturb the application or the environment; none of them are perfectly flexible. Thus, our objective is to create a flexible, non-intrusive scavenger using electroactive polymers. The goal of this work is to design a generator which can provide typically 100 µW to supply a low consumption system. We report in this paper an analytical model which predicts the energy produced by a simple electroactive membrane, and some promising experimental results. 1.
Supplementary Tables 1-2 from Intraprostatic Androgens and Androgen-Regulated Gene Expression Persist after Testosterone Suppression: Therapeutic Implications for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-2 from Intraprostatic Androgens and Androgen-Regulated Gene Expression Persist after Testosterone Suppression: Therapeutic Implications for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Role of Endorphins in Pain Modulation (1982)

This paper describes a brief history of endorphins and the current theories on the role of endorphins in pain modulation. The use of physical therapy modalities for pain control and the interaction of endorphins may also be implicated. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1982;3(4):200-205.
Crystal grain nucleation in amorphous silicon (1998)

The solid phase crystallization of chemical vapor deposited amorphous silicon films onto oxidized silicon wafers, induced either by thermal annealing or by ion beam irradiation at high substrate temperatures, has been extensively developed and it is reviewed here. We report and discuss a large variety of processing conditions. The structural and thermodynamical properties of the starting phase are emphasized. The morphological evolution of the amorphous towards the polycrystalline phase is investigated by transmission electron microscopy and it is interpreted in terms of a physical model containing few free parameters related to the thermodynamical properties of amorphous silicon and to the kinetical mechanisms of crystal grain growth. A direct extension of this model explains also the data concerning the ion-assisted crystal grain nucleation.