gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Altered Phenotype of NK Cells From Obese Rats Can Be Normalized by Transfer Into Lean Animals (2009)

In diet-induced obese rats, leptin-mediated natural killer (NK) cell activation has been demonstrated to be impaired by abrogated intracellular JAK2-STAT3 signaling. The contribution of the obese microenvironment to this NK cell dysfunction and its reversibility remains elusive. In this study, the functions of NK cells from diet-induced obese rats after adoptive transfer into lean littermates were investigated using in vivo and in vitro approaches. Endogenous NK cells of normal-weight and diet-induced obese F344 rats were depleted in vivo. Then, NK cells from either normal-weight or obese donors were transferred. The numbers of peripheral blood NK cells were analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and the distribution pattern of NK cells in lung and spleen by immunohistochemistry. Ob-R expression was evaluated by immunohistology and activation of intracellular target proteins of Ob-R by immunoblotting. The numbers of NK cells in blood and lung were significantly higher in obese animals compared to lean ones after transfer of NK cells from obese F344 rats. This was correlated with increased postreceptor signaling (JAK-2p, PKBpT308, ERK-2p) without altered Ob-R expression in those NK cells transferred to lean (ob-->nw) vs. obese (ob-->ob) animals. These results show for the first time that the altered phenotype of NK cells from obese rats can be normalized by generation of a physiological (metabolic) environment of lean rats.
Composite superprism demultiplexer (2009)

A superprism design is proposed whereby simultaneous wavelength separation and diffraction compensation in the slab region considerably shrinks the area required when compared to the preconditioned superprism design. All-parallel, diffraction-limited outputs obviate the focusing optics.
Theoretical Basis and Technology Development of the Combined Process of Asymmetric Rolling and Plastic Bending (2012)

The article focuses at technology development of the vertical asymmetric rolling and combined process of vertical asymmetric rolling and plastic bending. It has been shown that vertical asymmetric rolling peculiarity relates to the presence of a mixed zone, in which friction forces on contact roll surfaces are directed are differently. Experimental research showed serious drawbacks in the rolling technology caused by the growth of dynamic loads arising at the moment of plate contact with the bending roller. For solving the problem it was proposed to make the roller position motile to allow its movement along the required trajectory. The application of the motile roller helps to reduce dangerous torque differentiation at working rolls by the value of 1,5-2,5 compared with the rigidly fixed roller. The most effective bending roller trajectory is a second-order curve that is convex parabola.
Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Core‐modified Pentaphyrins Containing Six meso Carbons (2015)

Abstract Our successful synthesis of nonaromatic 24π core‐modified pentaphyrins containing six meso carbons is reported. The pentaphyrins were prepared by [3+2] condensation of butane‐2,3‐diyl‐bisthiophene‐2,5‐diyl‐bis( p ‐methoxyphenylmethanol) with different meso ‐aryl tripyrromethanes under mild acid‐catalyzed conditions. By using this method, we obtained two stable, core‐modified pentaphyrins containing six meso carbons in acceptable yields. The pentaphyrins were characterized by HR‐MS, 1D, 2D NMR, absorption and electrochemical techniques, and also by X‐ray crystallography for one of the pentaphyrin macrocycles. The crystal structure revealed that the macrocycle is almost planar and one of the thiophene rings, which is positioned opposite to the ethene bridged meso‐ carbons, is inverted. Our studies revealed that the macrocycles in their protonated form have specific sensing ability for CH 3 COO − ions.
Case Study of the Use of a Digital Twin for Leak Detection and Quantification in Underground Gas Storage Wells (2023)

Summary Underground gas storage (UGS) wells are essential components in energy security. However, UGS wells present a complicated and delicate combination of elements where ensuring safe and secure functionality over long periods is paramount. This paper showcases how a digital twin is used to evaluate and forecast the link between leaks and temperature and pressure trends in a UGS well, allowing the identification and quantification of defects and, subsequently, well barrier integrity. The digital twin used for this application presents advantages compared with other solutions present on the market with regard to the simplified configuration; that is, with minimal input data, the system can produce an accurate and useful output, which is then used in the well integrity decision-making process. UGS wells present additional criticalities with respect to normal production wells due to their longer life span and the repetitive production and injection cycles. This makes early and accurate leak detection essential for the safe management of the well barriers. The proposed digital twin simulates the trends of pressure and temperature within each annulus and compares results with data from the field, allowing the identification of the position and size of leaks. A genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the placement of leaks on their specific barriers. Once a leak is identified, a risk assessment is conducted to evaluate the overall integrity of the well. If the status of the well is found to be critical enough, an intervention may be planned. The studies presented show how the digital twin has been used on two wells with similar problems. At first, it has confirmed the necessity to put the well out of service as opposed to planning maintenance, thereby saving both time and cost. In the second case, it allowed the validation of a solution that led to a 60% reduction in failure consequence, allowing the well to continue operating without major costs or risks. The errors of the resulting simulations were always confined within the 0.5 bar limit highlighting its accuracy. The system has been in use for over a year and has shown great potential in accurate and efficient identification of leaks. This has accelerated the process of well integrity evaluation and allowed timely interventions on wells that required it. On the other hand, the process has highlighted cases where previous assumptions about leak location and size were corrected using the digital twin, therefore reducing the costs of interventions. Finally, the model showcases a clear readiness for predictive capabilities aimed to select, plan, and design fit for purpose mitigating actions.
Cubic and Tetragonal Hafnium Oxide Films Prepared by Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Abstract Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusions
Silicon validation of evolution-designed circuits (2003)

No silicon fabrication and characterization of circuits with topologies designed by evolution has been done before, leaving open questions about the feasibility of the evolutionary design approach, as well as on how high performance, robust, or portable such designs could really be when implemented in hardware. This paper is the first to report on a silicon implementation of circuits evolved in simulation. Several circuits were evolved and fabricated in a 0.5-micron CMOS process. This paper focuses on results of logical gates evolved at a transistor level. It discusses the steps taken in order to increase the chances of robust and portable designs, summarizes the results of characterization tests based on chip measurements, and comments on the performance comparing to simulations.
A Study of the Ring-Necked Pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus Torquatus Gmelin) in Northern Utah (2021)

Purpose of Study. The ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus torquatus Gmelin) is well enough known to need no introduction. It is at present undoubtedly the most abundant and most important gallinaceous game bird in northern Utah. Its abundance and its occurrence in agricultural areas has stimulated much general interest. Yet, aside from two food habits studies, both conducted in Utah County, no intensive research has been made into its ecological relationships or its general life history in Utah. In order to formulate sound management plans for the pheasant in Utah, the Utah Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit has felt the need for basic information regarding its mortality phases, movements, food habits, habitat preferences, interspecific relationships, and its effect on cultivated crops and the effect of farm practices upon its numbers and distributions.
FlashVM: virtual memory management on flash (2010)

With the decreasing price of flash memory, systems will increasingly use solid-state storage for virtual-memory paging rather than disks. FlashVM is a system architecture and a core virtual memory subsystem built in the Linux kernel that uses dedicated flash for paging. FlashVM focuses on three major design goals for memory management on flash: high performance, reduced flash wear out for improved reliability, and efficient garbage collection. FlashVM modifies the paging system along code paths for allocating, reading and writing back pages to optimize for the performance characteristics of flash. It also reduces the number of page writes using zero-page sharing and page sampling that prioritize the eviction of clean pages. In addition, we present the first comprehensive description of the usage of the discard command on a real flash device and show two enhancements to provide fast online garbage collection of free VM pages. Overall, the FlashVM system provides up to 94 % reduction in application execution time and is four times more responsive than swapping to disk. Furthermore, it improves reliability by writing up to 93 % fewer pages than Linux, and provides a garbage collection mechanism that is up to 10 times faster than Linux with discard support. 1
Cross-Disciplinary Learning Exercises to Explore the Geoenvironmental Aspects of Nanotechnology (2016)

Nanomaterials have become ubiquitous in consumer products and industrial processes and represent an emerging waste stream with significant increases in disposal quantities expected. The fate and transport of nanomaterials in the environment have not yet been fully understood. An extensive study is conducted to broadly incorporate environmental impacts of nanotechnology into the curriculum at Cal Poly. A component of the study related to development of cross-disciplinary learning activities between geotechnical/geoenvironmental engineering courses and courses from other disciplines including environmental engineering, materials engineering, and political science is described herein. The learning activities focused on synthesis of nanomaterials with regard to material and product performance (materials engineering), with regard to fundamental soil behavior in response to nanomaterials (geotechnical engineering), with regard to fate and transport of nanomaterials in the environment (geoenvironmental engineering), and with regard to societal and regulatory issues (political science). In addition to courses from different disciplines, courses of different levels were included in the cross-disciplinary learning activities. Students in the impacted courses gained experience in collaborating with their peers from other disciplines as well as comprehended the requirement for integration of various technical and nontechnical perspectives in providing solutions to complex geoenvironmental problems.
Technologies and building blocks for fast packet forwarding (2001)

We provide a review of the state of the art and the future of packet processing and switching. The industry's response to the need for wire-speed packet processing devices whose function can be rapidly adapted to continuously changing standards and customer requirements is the concept of special programmable network processors. We discuss the prerequisites of processing tens to hundreds of millions of packets per second and indicate ways to achieve scalability through parallel packet processing. Tomorrow's switch fabrics, which will provide node-internal connectivity between the input and output ports of a router or switch, will have to sustain terabit-per-second throughput. After reviewing fundamental switching concepts, we discuss architectural and design issues that must be addressed to allow the evolution of packet switch fabrics to terabit-per-second throughput performance.
Power Management for GPU-CPU Heterogeneous Systems (2011)

In recent years, GPU-CPU heterogeneous architectures have been increasingly adopted in high performance computing, because of their capabilities of providing high computational throughput. However, current research focuses mainly on the performance aspects of GPU-CPU architectures, while improving the energy efficiency of such systems receives much less attention. There are few existing efforts that try to lower the energy consumption of GPU-CPU architectures, but they address either GPU or CPU in an isolated manner and thus cannot achieve maximized energy savings. In this paper, we propose GreenGPU, a holistic energy management framework for GPU-CPU heterogeneous architectures. Our solution features a two-tier design. In the first tier, GreenGPU dynamically splits and distributes workloads to GPU and CPU based on the workload characteristics, such that both sides can finish approximately at the same time. As a result, the energy wasted on staying idle and waiting for the slower side to finish is minimized. In the second tier, GreenGPU dynamically throttles the frequencies of GPU cores and memory in a coordinated manner, based on their utilization, for maximized energy savings with only marginal performance degradation. Likewise, the frequency and voltage of the CPU are scaled similarly. We implement GreenGPU using the CUDA framework on a real physical testbed with Nvidia GeForce GPUs and AMD Phenom II CPUs. Experiment results with standard Rodinia benchmarks show that GreenGPU achieves 21.04% average energy savings and outperform several well-designed baselines.
Alkoxylation of 3,6-di-tert-butyl-1,2-benzoquinone. New bis-1,2-benzoquinones (2011)

Alkoxylation of 3,6-di-tert-butyl-1,2-benzoquinone with a number of diols, including propane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, di-, and triethylene glycols, and cyclohexane-1,4-diyldimethanol, was studied. Nine new 4-alkoxy-3,6-di-tert-butyl-1,2-benzoquinones were synthesized, four of which were bis-1,2-benzoquinones with different tethers (6–13 atoms) between the quinone fragments. Depending on the length of the chain between the hydroxy groups in glycols, bicyclic 4,5-disubstituted 3,6-di-tert-butyl-1,2-benzoquinones were formed or their stepwise alkoxylation occurred. The newly synthesized o-benzoquinone derivatives can be reduced with alkali metals to give radical anions and converted into semiquinone chelates with manganese carbonyl.
Proceedings : DCC 2002 : Data Compression Conference, April 2-4, 2002, Snowbird, Utah (2002)

This text contains information on database and information systems presented at the 2002 Data Compression Conference.
Hume, Smith and Ferguson: Friendship in commercial society (1999)

(1999). Hume, Smith and Ferguson: Friendship in commercial society. Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy: Vol. 2, The Challenge to Friendship in Modernity, pp. 33-49.
LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF THE AGILITY TOTAL ANKLE REPLACEMENT (2013)

We aimed to review the outcome of Agility total ankle replacements carried out in our institution between 2002 and 2006. Follow-up consisted of clinical and radiological review pre-operatively, then at 6 weeks, 6 and 12 months, and annually until 10 years post op. Clinical review included the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Score, satisfaction and pain scores. Case notes were reviewed to determine intra and post-operative complications. 30 arthroplasties were performed in 30 consecutive patients. Pre-operative diagnosis was rheumatoid arthritis(16), primary osteoarthritis(12) and post-traumatic osteoarthritis(2). After a mean follow up of 6.2 years (1.4–10.1), 4 patients had died, and 22 out of the remaining 24 were available for follow-up. Intra operative complications included lateral malleoli fracture(3) and superficial peroneal nerve injury(2). Post operative complications included 1 early death, but this was not related to the surgical procedure. Two patients developed deep infections of the prosthesis. One underwent removal of the implant; the other is on long term oral antibiotic therapy. One patient had delayed union of the syndesmosis and six patients had non-union. On clinical assessment, patients9 AOFAS scores improved from mean 40.4 pre-op to 83.5 post-op (p We found a relatively high level of re-surgery and complications following Agility total ankle replacement. A 7% revision rate is much higher than would be tolerated in knee or hip arthroplasty, but compares favourably to other studies of TAR. Despite radiological features which suggest loosening, the high rate of re-surgery and complications; patients are generally satisfied with the procedure, reporting lower levels of pain and improved function. Overall we feel that the Agility ankle is an acceptable alternative to ankle arthrodesis, however patients need to be warned of the risk of re-surgery.
Advances in Synthetic Applications of Hypervalent Iodine Compounds (2016)

The preparation, structure, and chemistry of hypervalent iodine compounds are reviewed with emphasis on their synthetic application. Compounds of iodine possess reactivity similar to that of transition metals, but have the advantage of environmental sustainability and efficient utilization of natural resources. These compounds are widely used in organic synthesis as selective oxidants and environmentally friendly reagents. Synthetic uses of hypervalent iodine reagents in halogenation reactions, various oxidations, rearrangements, aminations, C-C bond-forming reactions, and transition metal-catalyzed reactions are summarized and discussed. Recent discovery of hypervalent catalytic systems and recyclable reagents, and the development of new enantioselective reactions using chiral hypervalent iodine compounds represent a particularly important achievement in the field of hypervalent iodine chemistry. One of the goals of this Review is to attract the attention of the scientific community as to the benefits of using hypervalent iodine compounds as an environmentally sustainable alternative to heavy metals.
Energy, combustion, and environment by Norman Chigier, McGraw‐Hill, 1981, 496 pages, $44.95 (1982)

No Abstract.
Oriented Edge-Based Feature Descriptor for Multi-Sensor Image Alignment and Enhancement (2013)

In this paper, we present an efficient image alignment and enhancement method for multi-sensor images. The shape of the object captured in a multi-sensor images can be determined by comparing variability of contrast using corresponding edges across multi-sensor image. Using this cue, we construct a robust feature descriptor based on the magnitudes of the oriented edges. Our proposed method enables fast image alignment by identifying matching features in multi-sensor images. We enhance the aligned multi-sensor images through the fusion of the salient regions from each image. The results of stitching the multi-sensor images and their enhancement demonstrate that our proposed method can align and enhance multi-sensor images more efficiently than previous methods.
Tailored micro-optical and sub-wavelength structures: Manufacturing and application (2013)

Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) are of enormous importance for applications in spectroscopic and imaging systems. We demonstrate that modified Talbot-Lithography is a fast and flexible technology for the mastering of micro-optical components, especially to manufacture high efficient spectroscopic diffractive gratings with an extended profile depth. The characteristics of DOEs also open up new opportunities for their integration in variable elastomeric optical components. We present theoretical investigations of the mechanical deformation of an initial Blazed-like diffractive grating and its impact on the optical diffraction efficiency.
TD-06 Blockade of interferon alpha receptor in lupus mice protects against neurological symptoms (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an incurable autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody deposition in tissues such as kidney, skin and lungs. Although less well understood, many patients with SLE experience neuropsychiatric symptoms that range from anxiety, depression and cognitive impairment to seizures and, in rare cases, psychosis. Collectively, these symptoms are referred to as central nervous system (CNS) lupus. In some cases, autoantibodies, such as anti-NMDAR or anti-phospholipid antibodies, promote CNS lupus. However, in many patients, CNS symptoms appear prior to serum autoantibody. <h3>Methods</h3> Lupus strains of mice used in the project: 564Igi, NZB/W, and MRL/lpr. Behavior testing was performed at the Harvard Behavior core. RNA sequencing of microglia was performed at the MIT sequencing core. <h3>Results</h3> We found that lupus-prone mice develop a distinct behavioral phenotype such as impaired learning and memory, anxiety and altered social behavior in which onset is age dependent. Examination of the brains of the lupus mice identified excess microglia engulfment of synapse material and a reduction in synapse density in the frontal cortex and hippocampus that correlates with the behavior phenotype. Comparison of RNA sequences of bulk sorted frontal cortex microglia identified differential expression of approximately 2000 genes between 564 and WT mice. To identify a role for interferon, RNA libraries were prepared from 564 and WT mice treated with a neutralizing antibody to IFNAR. Of the differentially expressed genes in lupus mice, about 20% were IFNa dependent. Notably, the microglia isolated from the lupus strain expressed an interferon gene signature that included IFNbeta but not IFNa. Pathway analysis of the interferon-dependent genes identified increased expression of genes important in phagocytosis and metabolic activity. Finally, reduction in peripheral levels of interferon alpha was protective from synapse loss and altered behavior (Bialas et al Nature 2017). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We conclude that elevated blood levels of IFNa can promote neurological symptoms in mice. These findings suggest that therapies that block peripheral autoimmunity and reduce circulating levels of IFNa may protect against the symptoms of CNS lupus. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Supported by grants from The Lupus Research Alliance (USA) and National Institutes of Health (USA).
Shorter Hepatic Transit Time Can Suggest Coming Metastases (2010)

The HAVTT may be a useful tool in monitoring liver micrometastases. If a patient with a primary malignant tumor has a shorter HAVTT, it suggests that an extra examination and additional therapy are needed.