gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a novel Torque teno sus virus species: genetic characterization, epidemiological assessment and disease association (2012)

The study describes a novel Torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) species, provisionally named Torque teno sus virus k2b (TTSuVk2b), originally found in commercial pig sera by applying the rolling-circle amplification technique. Full-length sequences of TTSuVk2b were obtained, annotated and used in the phylogenetic analyses, which revealed that TTSuVk2b is a novel Anellovirus species within the genus Kappatorquevirus of the family Anelloviridae. Quantitative PCR techniques were developed to determine total TTSuV DNA quantities as well as the prevalence and viral DNA quantities of TTSuV1, TTSuVk2a and TTSuVk2b. The mean total TTSuV load in seven commercial sera was determined at 6.3 log(10) DNA copies ml(-1) of serum, with TTSuVk2b loads being the lowest at 4.5 log(10) DNA copies ml(-1) of serum. Subsequently, prevalence and loads of TTSuVs were determined in pig sera from 17 countries. TTSuVk2b prevalence ranged from 0 to 100 % with viral loads from 3.3 to 4.6 log(10) copies ml(-1) of sera. TTSuVk2a, so far the only species in the genus Kappatorquevirus, has been linked to an economically important swine disease, namely post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Considering the grouping of TTSuVk2b in the same genus as TTSuVk2a, TTSuVk2b prevalence and viral DNA load were determined in PMWS-affected animals and healthy counterparts. This revealed that TTSuVk2a and TTSuVk2b are not only genetically related, but also that their viral loads in serum are elevated in PMWS animals compared with those of healthy pen mates. In summary, the present work describes a novel TTSuV species including its genetic characterization, epidemiological assessment and potential disease association.
Design and fabrication of a robot for neurorehabilitation; Smart RoboWrist (2015)

In this paper design and fabrication of a wrist exoskeleton robot (ROBOWRIST) has been discussed. The robot has 3 degree of freedom, including flexion/extension, abduction/ adduction and pronation/supination based on the anatomical axis of the body. Four stepper motors are responsible for creating the motion. The exoskeleton can be used for neurorehabilitation and also post-surgery of wrist and forearm. Various therapeutic procedures with a precise tracking can be handled using the control algorithms. Each motor has a separate encoder to measure the angular position and send feedback to the controller. The design goal is to construct a reliable robot that is robust and applicable for clinical tests.
Orthogeriatrie (2018)

Fragility fractures are associated with a substantial mortality and morbidity. Because of the high prevalence of comorbidities and a high risk of complications the application of geriatric principles in the complex treatment of these patients is vital. The last years have seen a paradigm shift in the treatment of fragility fractures from an orthopedic disorder towards an orthogeriatric syndrome. This article reviews the orthogeriatric principles of treating fragility fractures.
Consumption of c9,t11–18:2 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) does not influence somatic cell count, immune cell distribution, or bacterial content of human milk (2008)

Fatty acids have long been known to have biological roles beyond provision of energy. For example conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers differentially influence a multitude of systems and responses including regulation of milk fat, modulation of carcinogenesis, partitioning of body fat, and mediation of immune function. Recent work from our laboratory suggests that the naturally‐occurring form of CLA (c9,t11–18:2) also decreases growth of Staphylococcus aureus, the organism thought to cause most infectious mastitis in breastfeeding women. We were therefore interested in whether milk‐borne S. aureus burden could be decreased by enhancing exposure of the mammary gland to this fatty acid. Healthy breastfeeding women (n = 16) were enrolled in this randomized, double‐blind, cross‐over, placebo‐controlled human intervention trial with two interventions: c9,t11–18:2 and placebo (sugar). Treatments were provided in the form of supplements; subjects consumed 4 supplements/d (~2 g daily) for 7 d with a 14 d washout period. Milk was collected on the last day of each period and analyzed for somatic cell count, distribution of immune cells, macronutrient content, and bacterial burden. ANOVA procedures were used to test for effect of treatment. Although CLA was enriched in milk, there was no effect of treatment on any of these variables. Funded in part by the United Dairymen of Idaho and NIH‐NRRI grant P20 RR15587.
Optofluidic control of rodent learning using cloaked caged glutamate (2020)

NMR spectra of synthesized compounds. Data from mini analysis for Figure 3. Data from conditioned place preference protocol (CPP) for Figure 4.
Smart Two-Dimensional Laser-Based Display (2011)

In this paper, is proposed a smart design for a two-dimensional (2-D) optical display using 2-D laser scanning and an electronically programmable three-dimensional (3-D) beamforming lens element. Specifically, an electronically controlled variable focal length lens (ECVFL) adjusts its focus power to produce the smallest focused beam spot on the display screen within the designed variable screen distance range. Since the screen distance is known, the angular scan range for the scan mirrors can be computed to generate the desired number of scanned spots in the 2-D display. Thus a smart display with the smallest pixel spot size is formed leading to the highest spatial resolution display for any given distance. Furthermore, if the scan angles are increased, a larger size display of higher pixel count can be formed without sacrificing display pixel size at this larger display size. A proof-of-concept smart display optics system is designed and demonstrated for a red 633-nm laser wavelength and an optimal display variable screen distance of 20-150 cm, giving optimized display pixel sizes of 51.92 and 538.1 μm, respectively.
Ecosystem of naming systems: discussions on a framework to induce smart space naming systems development (2006)

In this paper, we discuss the ecosystem of naming systems for smart spaces. Since we think resolution of detected object names should be a common trigger of smart space applications, we focus on naming systems. We aim at a naming system framework to enable the following. First, each application developer of smart spaces can design and implement new applications freely. Minimal limitations should be imposed on developers. Second, users can interact with applications opaquely. We propose combination of the following two approaches to induce naming systems evolution for smart space applications. The first approach is integration of independent naming systems for simple client resolvers. The second approach is a client resolver model to handle independent naming systems concurrently. We also describe some case studies concerning smart space application scenarios.
High-throughput manufacturing of size-tuned liposomes by a new microfluidics method using enhanced statistical tools for characterization (2014)

Microfluidics has recently emerged as a new method of manufacturing liposomes, which allows for reproducible mixing in miliseconds on the nanoliter scale. Here we investigate microfluidics-based manufacturing of liposomes. The aim of these studies was to assess the parameters in a microfluidic process by varying the total flow rate (TFR) and the flow rate ratio (FRR) of the solvent and aqueous phases. Design of experiment and multivariate data analysis were used for increased process understanding and development of predictive and correlative models. High FRR lead to the bottom-up synthesis of liposomes, with a strong correlation with vesicle size, demonstrating the ability to in-process control liposomes size; the resulting liposome size correlated with the FRR in the microfluidics process, with liposomes of 50 nm being reproducibly manufactured. Furthermore, we demonstrate the potential of a high throughput manufacturing of liposomes using microfluidics with a four-fold increase in the volumetric flow rate, maintaining liposome characteristics. The efficacy of these liposomes was demonstrated in transfection studies and was modelled using predictive modeling. Mathematical modelling identified FRR as the key variable in the microfluidic process, with the highest impact on liposome size, polydispersity and transfection efficiency. This study demonstrates microfluidics as a robust and high-throughput method for the scalable and highly reproducible manufacture of size-controlled liposomes. Furthermore, the application of statistically based process control increases understanding and allows for the generation of a design-space for controlled particle characteristics.
5-HT2c polymorphism in Finnish alcoholic violent offenders (1995)

The journal aims to publish papers which bring together clinical observations, psychological and behavioural abnormalities and genetic data. All papers are fully refereed. Psychiatric Genetics is also a forum for reporting new approaches to genetic research in psychiatry and neurology utilizing novel techniques or methodologies. Psychiatric Genetics publishes original Research Reports dealing with inherited factors involved in psychiatric and neurological disorders. This encompasses gene localization and chromosome markers, changes in neuronal gene expression related to psychiatric disease, linkage genetics analyses, family, twin and adoption studies, and genetically based animal models of neuropsychiatric disease. The journal covers areas such as molecular neurobiology and molecular genetics relevant to mental illness. Reviews of the literature and Commentaries in areas of current interest will be considered for publication. Reviews and Commentaries in areas outside psychiatric genetics, but of interest and importance to Psychiatric Genetics, will also be considered. Psychiatric Genetics also publishes Book Reviews, Brief Reports and Conference Reports.
Human placental estradiol 17.beta.-dehydrogenase: sequence of a histidine-bearing peptide inthe catalytic region (1986)

The amino acid sequence of an octapeptide from the catalytic site of human placental estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.62) was established by affinity-labeling techniques. The enzyme was inactivated separately by 12 beta-hydroxy-4-estrene-3,17-dione 12-(bromo[2-14C]acetate) and 3-methoxyestriol 16-(bromo[2-14C]acetate) at pH 6.3. The inactivations, in both cases, followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with half-times for the 12 beta and 16 alpha derivatives being 192 and 68 h, respectively. Both derivatives are known substrates that inactivate in a time-dependent, irreversible manner and that modify cysteine residues to form (carboxymethyl)cysteine and histidine residues to form either N tau- or N pi-(carboxymethyl)histidine. The inactivated enzyme samples were separately reduced, carboxymethylated, and digested with trypsin. The tryptic digests were applied to Sephadex G-50 and the radioactive N tau- and N phi-(carboxymethyl)histidine-bearing peptides identified. The peptides were further purified by cation-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Final purification was achieved by HPLC prior to sequencing. It was determined that both steroid derivatives modified either of the two histidine residues in the peptide Thr-Asp-Ile-His-Thr-Phe-His-Arg. These histidines are different from a histidine that was previously shown to be alkylated by estrone 3-(bromoacetate) and that was presumed to proximate the A ring of the bound steroid. It is concluded that the two histidine residues identified in the present study proximate the D ring of the steroid as it binds at the active site and may participate in the hydrogen transfer effected by human placental estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase.
The Implications of Advanced Monopile Design Methodologies in Offshore Wind Turbines (2017)

The design of Offshore Wind Turbines (OWT) is a complex process involving several stages: wind turbine selection, tower and sub-structure design, as well as foundation design and installation. A successful design requires close interaction between these components in order to satisfy the main design requirements, name-ly the capacity and accumulated rotation for the foundation and dynamic response and fatigue for the whole system. Recent research has revealed that the current design methods for laterally loaded piles, when ap-plied to short and stubby OWT monopiles, underestimate their initial stiffness and capacity. Advanced Fi-nite Element (FE) analysis, with realistic modelling of the ground conditions can accurately reproduce soil response around a monopile, and hence improve the design, ultimately leading to cost reduction of monopile foundations. In the present paper, the impact of economies in foundation design on the overall design of a realistic OWT is explored. The NREL 5 MW baseline wind turbine is modelled through FE analysis under several characteristic design load cases. The advantages of using FE analysis when compared to traditional methods, in particular with respect to capacity and dynamic response, are demonstrated and discussed.
Possible burden of hyperuricaemia on mortality in a community-based population: a large-scale cohort study (2021)

Hyperuricaemia is a risk for premature death. This study evaluated the burden of hyperuricaemia (serum urate > 7 mg/dL) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in 515,979 health checkup participants using an index of population attributable fraction (PAF). Prevalence of hyperuricaemia at baseline was 10.8% in total subjects (21.8% for men and 2.5% for women). During 9-year follow-up, 5952 deaths were noted, including 1164 cardiovascular deaths. In the Cox proportional hazard analysis adjusted for confounding factors, hyperuricaemia was independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence interval]; 1.36 [1.25-1.49] and 1.69 [1.41-2.01], respectively). Adjusted PAFs of hyperuricaemia for all-cause and cardiovascular deaths were 2.9% and 4.4% (approximately 1 in 34 all-cause deaths and 1 in 23 cardiovascular deaths), respectively. In the subgroup analysis, the association between hyperuricaemia and death was stronger in men, smokers, and subjects with renal insufficiency. Adjusted PAFs for all-cause and cardiovascular deaths were 5.3% and 8.1% in men; 5.8% and 7.5% in smokers; and 5.5% and 7.3% in subjects with renal insufficiency. These results disclosed that a substantial number of all-cause and cardiovascular deaths were statistically relevant to hyperuricaemia in the community-based population, especially men, smokers, and subjects with renal insufficiency.
Creation of Shock‐Abrasion Resistance Build‐up Metal Using a Physicochemical Model of High‐Temperature Processes (2007)

Abstract Build‐up metal for shock‐abrasion resistance was the focus of this work, where the mathematical model of physicochemical high‐temperature processes developed by the authors in their previous works was used. A computer program based on the model permitted forecasting of the required chemical composition and structure of the build‐up metal. Flux‐cored wires were fabricated from a cold‐rolled ribbon (1008 steel) and filled with a powder mixture. Low carbon steel (A 516) was used as the base metal. The specimens were prepared by 3‐layered build‐up. The prepared specimens were tested using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDS), hardness measurements, and shock‐abrasion resistance measurements. The results of the above‐mentioned tests confirmed the correct calculation of the model and the good shock‐abrasion resistance of the suggested build‐up metal.
Volatile Flavor Components of Puerariae Radix (Pueraria lobata Ohwi) (1988)

Journal Article Volatile Flavor Components of Puerariae Radix (Pueraria lobata Ohwi) Get access Mitsuo Miyazawa, Mitsuo Miyazawa Department of Applied Chemistry,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University,Kowakae,Higashiosaka-shi,Osaka 577,Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hiromu Kameoka Hiromu Kameoka Department of Applied Chemistry,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University,Kowakae,Higashiosaka-shi,Osaka 577,Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 52, Issue 4, 1 April 1988, Pages 1053–1055, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1988.10868765 Published: 01 April 1988 Article history Received: 07 October 1987 Published: 01 April 1988
In Vivo characterization of skin using a weiner nonlinear stochastic system identification method (2009)

This paper describes an indentometer device used to identify the linear dynamic and nonlinear properties of skin and underlying tissue using an in vivo test. The device uses a Lorentz force actuator to apply a dynamic force to the skin and measures the resulting displacement. It was found that the skin could be modeled as a Wiener system (i.e. a linear dynamic system followed by a static nonlinearity). Using a stochastic nonlinear system identification technique, the method presented in this paper was able to identify the dynamic linear and static nonlinear mechanical parameters of the indentometer-skin system within 2 to 4 seconds. The shape of the nonlinearity was found to vary depending on the area of the skin that was tested. We show that the device can repeatably distinguish between different areas of human tissue for multiple test subjects.
Female Pupils' Perception of Electrical Engineering (2006)

Recent studies have focused on gender issues and women’s underrepresentation in fields such as computer science, software engineering (Camp, 1997, 2002), and information technology (Varma, 2003). This article broadens the discussion to include the field of electrical engineering (EE), in which the underrepresentation of women is even more salient than in the aforementioned fields. For example, the percentage of female undergraduate students in the Department of Electrical Engineering at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IIT), Israel’s leading school of engineering, is less than 15%. Although there are no easy solutions to the complex problem of attracting women to the field of EE, we argue that certain measures can nevertheless have an impact. Specifically, a partial solution might be to increase the awareness of female high-school pupils, first, to the very existence of the field of EE, and second, to its diverse nature. This article reports on an annual exposure day that aims to do just that. This event, entitled “Electricity in the Palms of Her Hands,” specifically targets female high-school pupils who excel in mathematics. This exposure day, the title of which follows the words of a popular Hebrew song, gives the pupils a glimpse of the variety of subfields EE encompasses, and thus gives them a very different perspective on EE as well as a different image of the professionals working in the field. Specifically, the article examines the perception of EE as expressed by high-school female pupils on two such exposure days. We focus on one main observation: the change the exposure day induces on the pupils’ perception of the profession of EE. Our study shows that, whereas in the morning of the exposure days, the pupils perceived EE to be a technical field and did not consider it as a major field of study, by the end of the days, the pupils were describing its multifaceted nature, and many of them perceived EE to be a profession that they might consider studying.
Visualization and Self-Healing of Damage in Spread Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Laminates Containing Microcapsules (2021)

Damage behavior of spread carbon fiber (SCF)/epoxy (EP) laminates containing microcapsules for self-healing was investigated experimentally. The SCF/EP laminates with the microcapsules containing a healing agent mixed with a UV fluorescent dye were fabricated. The apparent interlaminar shear strength and the healing efficiency of the laminates were evaluated by short beam shear tests. Damage areas of tested specimens were observed under UV light to investigate the relation between the damage behavior and the strength recovery of the laminates. Results showed that the cracks propagating through microcapsules could be visually observed under UV light because the healing agent containing the UV fluorescent dye flowed out from broken microcapsules into cracks. It can be considered that the damage behavior of the laminates affected the apparent interlaminar shear strength and the healing efficiency.
Combination of platelet-rich plasma with degradable bioactive borate glass for segmental bone defect repair. (2011)

Porous scaffold biomaterials may offer a clinical alternative to bone grafts; however, scaffolds alone are typically insufficient to heal large bone defects. Numerous studies have demonstrated that osteoinductive growth factor significantly improves bone repair. In this study, a strategy combining degradable bioactive borate glass (BG) scaffolds with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was tested. The bone defect was filled with BG alone, BG combined with autologous PRP or left empty. Bone formation was analyzed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks using both histology and radiology. The PRP treated group yielded better bone formation than the pure BG scaffold as determined by both histology and microcomputer tomography after 12 weeks. In conclusion, PRP improved bone healing in a diaphyseal rabbit model on BG. The combination of PRP and BG may be an effective approach to repair critical defects.
Hyper-Ramsey spectroscopy of optical clock transitions (2010)

We present nonstandard optical Ramsey schemes that use pulses individually tailored in duration, phase, and frequency to cancel spurious frequency shifts related to the excitation itself. In particular, the field shifts and their uncertainties can be radically suppressed (by two to four orders of magnitude) in comparison with the usual Ramsey method (using two equal pulses) as well as with single-pulse Rabi spectroscopy. Atom interferometers and optical clocks based on two-photon transitions, heavily forbidden transitions, or magnetically induced spectroscopy could significantly benefit from this method. In the latter case, these frequency shifts can be suppressed considerably below a fractional level of $10$${}^{\ensuremath{-}17}$. Moreover, our approach opens the door for high-precision optical clocks based on direct frequency comb spectroscopy.
Rab17 Regulates Membrane Trafficking through Apical Recycling Endosomes in Polarized Epithelial Cells (1998)

A key feature of polarized epithelial cells is the ability to maintain the specific biochemical composition of the apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains while selectively allowing transport of proteins and lipids from one pole to the opposite by transcytosis. The small GTPase, rab17, a member of the rab family of regulators of intracellular transport, is specifically induced during cell polarization in the developing kidney. We here examined its intracellular distribution and function in both nonpolarized and polarized cells. By confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, rab17 colocalized with internalized transferrin in the perinuclear recycling endosome of BHK-21 cells. In polarized Eph4 cells, rab17 associated with the apical recycling endosome that has been implicated in recycling and transcytosis. The localization of rab17, therefore, strengthens the proposed homology between this compartment and the recycling endosome of nonpolarized cells. Basolateral to apical transport of two membrane-bound markers, the transferrin receptor and the FcLR 5-27 chimeric receptor, was specifically increased in Eph4 cells expressing rab17 mutants defective in either GTP binding or hydrolysis. Furthermore, the mutant proteins stimulated apical recycling of FcLR 5-27. These results support a role for rab17 in regulating traffic through the apical recycling endosome, suggesting a function in polarized sorting in epithelial cells.