gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
School Administrators: The Next Generation (1992)

This study addressed the perceptions held by student teachers in Nebraska concerning administration as a career, their aspirations to become administrators, and the encouragement received by males and females to become administrators. A questionnaire was administered to 322 individuals who were student teachers during the Fall Semester of 1990, to determine whether they had considered careers in school administration and whether they had received encouragement to do so. Results indicated that most of the respondents considered administration to be a managerial role; leadership did not rank highly in the student teachers’ perceptions of administrators. Most of the respondents did aspire to become administrators at some point. More than one-half of the respondents had been encouraged to enter administration, but this encouragement did not appear to affect their decision. There were no differences reported for the amount of encouragement received by males and by females.
NMR Structure of the Single QALGGH Zinc Finger Domain from the Arabidopsis thaliana SUPERMAN Protein (2003)

Zinc finger domains of the classical type represent the most abundant DNA binding domains in eukaryotic transcription factors. Plant proteins contain from one to four zinc finger domains, which are characterized by high conservation of the sequence QALGGH, shown to be critical for DNA-binding activity. The Arabidopsis thaliana SUPERMAN protein, which contains a single QALGGH zinc finger, is necessary for proper spatial development of reproductive floral tissues and has been shown to specifically bind to DNA. Here, we report the synthesis and UV and NMR spectroscopic structural characterization of a 37 amino acid SUPERMAN region complexed to a Zn(2+) ion (Zn-SUP37) and present the first high-resolution structure of a classical zinc finger domain from a plant protein. The NMR structure of the SUPERMAN zinc finger domain consists of a very well-defined betabetaalpha motif, typical of all other Cys(2)-His(2) zinc fingers structurally characterized. As a consequence, the highly conserved QALGGH sequence is located at the N terminus of the alpha helix. This region of the domain of animal zinc finger proteins consists of hypervariable residues that are responsible for recognizing the DNA bases. Therefore, we propose a peculiar DNA recognition code for the QALGGH zinc finger domain that includes all or some of the amino acid residues at positions -1, 2, and 3 (numbered relative to the N terminus of the helix) and possibly others at the C-terminal end of the recognition helix. This study further confirms that the zinc finger domain, though very simple, is an extremely versatile DNA binding motif.
Chemical controls on the solubility, transport and deposition of platinum and palladium in hydrothermal solutions; a thermodynamic approach (1988)

Thermodynamic calculations of the solubility of Pt and Pd up to 300 degrees C using isocoulombic extrapolation, the correspondence principle, linear free energy relationships, and the theory of stepwise ligand replacement indicate that, depending on physicochemical conditions, complexation by either OH (super -) , HS (super -) , or Cl (super -) can contribute to the transport of these metals in hydrothermal solutions.The soft character (in the Pearson sense) of Pt (super +2) and Pd (super +2) dictate that complexes of these ions with CO (super -2) 3 , HCO (super -) 3 , SO (super -2) 4 , PO (super -3) 4 , and F (super -) will be weak. Chloride complexing will be important only under highly oxidizing and acidic conditions. In highly saline fluids (i.e., Sigma Cl (super -) > 1.0 m), the predominant chloride complexes of Pt and Pd are PtCl (super -2) 4 and PdCl (super -2) 4 from 25 degrees to at least 300 degrees C. Approximately 10 ppb or greater of either Pt or Pd may be transported as chloride complexes in solutions in equilibrium with hematite at low pH (<3 for Pt and <4 for Pd) at 300 degrees C. Hydroxy complexes become important at slightly acidic to neutral pH and may be responsible for Pt and Pd concentrations of 1 to 10 ppb near the pyrite + pyrrhotite + magnetite triple point (i.e., near-neutral, relatively reducing conditions). The soft nature of the Pd (super +2) and Pt (super +2) ions suggests that bisulfide complexing should be important, in analogy with Au. At 300 degrees C and Sigma S = 0.1 m, it appears that Pt(HS) (super -2) 4 and Pd(HS) (super -2) 4 concentrations of at least 10 ppt may be attained near the pyrite + pyrrhotite + magnetite triple point. At Sigma S = 0.5 m, solubilities increase to 1 ppb in the same region. Under the conditions where solubility as HS (super -) complexes reaches a maximum at 300 degrees C, solubility as Cl (super -) is negligible. Between 25 degrees to 250 degrees C, solubility as HS (super -) complexes increases with temperature while solubility as Cl (super -) or OH (super -) decreases. The trend reverses above 250 degrees C. The effect of Se, Te, and As is generally to decrease the mobility of Pt and Pd, although the possibility of complexing by ligands involving Se, Te, and As cannot be entirely discounted.These calculations suggest that Pt and Pd may be mobile in a variety of environments. In kupferschiefer-type ore-forming fluids they could be transported as chloride complexes. The lack of acidic alteration and oxidized mineral assemblages in hydrothermal Pt and Pd occurrences in shear zones in metagabbroic rocks, such as those at New Rambler, Wyoming, and Rathbun Lake, Ontario, preclude Pt and Pd transport as chloride complexes during formation of these deposits. In these cases, bisulfide and/or hydroxide complexes are more likely responsible for precious metal transport.
The Concept of Stratified Sampling of Execution Traces (2011)

Execution traces can be overwhelmingly large. To reduce their size, sampling techniques, especially the ones based on random sampling, have been extensively used. Random sampling, however, may result in samples that are not representative of the original trace. We propose a trace sampling framework based on stratified sampling that not only reduces the size of a trace but also results in a sample that is representative of the original trace by ensuring that the desired characteristics of an execution are distributed similarly in both the sampled and the original trace.
The Clinton health care proposal: reform squandered again! (1996)

Unlike the other articles in this series on efforts to reform the American health care system, this article is necessarily somewhat personal. I lived through it--not as a participant in the process but as a very interested bystander. To President Clinton's credit, his proposal was the first comprehensive proposal from a President since at least President Nixon and strictly speaking since President Truman. Yet, in the final analysis, the results were extremely depressing, not merely because of the obvious failure of the effort, but, even more important, because of the impact it has had on Americans' belief in the possibility for significant government role/responsibility in health care or, for that matter, in any significant domestic initiative. This article will trace portions of the failed Clinton health care initiative proposal--not the myriad other proposals that percolated through Congress. Realistically, only a proposal that had the support of the President had any chance of legislative success. This article will trace the development of the proposal and, while focusing on the universal coverage aspect, point to critical decisions that led to its legislative demise.
Application of Rogowski Coils used for Protective Relaying Purposes (2006)

This paper describes current technology and application for Rogowski coils, which serve in the role of current transformers for measuring power system currents for protective relaying or other measurement purposes. Rogowski coils have low-energy outputs. They offer a number of application advantages including compact size, light weight, and linearity (do not saturate like conventional iron-core current transformers). A forthcoming Guide PC37.235 from the IEEE PSRC will give detailed information and help for users
Lessertia frutescens (Sutherlandia) suppresses multiple intracellular signaling pathways associated with inflammatory responses in murine macrophages (830.12) (2014)

Sutherlandia is an herb native to southern Africa and traditionally used in various inflammatory conditions. Previously, we reported that an ethanolic extract of Sutherlandia (SE) had anti‐inflammatory activity in murine macrophages. This study was designed to investigate the impact of SE on inflammation‐related intracellular signaling pathways, and to identify the bioactive component(s) in this herb. RAW 264.7 cells were exposed to various concentrations of SE for 1 hr, then an inflammatory response was triggered by co‐treatment with LPS and IFNγ. The phosphorylated and total STAT1, ERK1/2, p38, and JNKs in cell lysates were determined by Western blot. Exposure to SE significantly decreased the phosphorylation of STAT1 and ERK1/2 by up to 80% and 70%, respectively. Meanwhile, SE had only a limited effect on the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK. We used nitric oxide (NO) production as a screening tool to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory activities of Sutherlandia‐specific constituents: sutherlandiosides A‐D, sutherlandins A‐D. None of these compounds were able to reduce LPS/IFNγ‐induced NO production. In summary, our crude Sutherlandia extract suppressed several key signaling pathways related to inflammatory responses in macrophages, and we continue to search for the constituent(s) responsible. Grant Funding Source : Supported by NIH P50AT006273
Hybrid-stabilized silver nanoparticles and their biological impact on hospital infections, healing wounds, and wheat cultivation (2019)

The structure and morphology of new biocide compositions based on silver nanoparticles and silica/polyacrylamide hybrids, as well as their diverse biological effects on traditional hospital infections and wound healing and winter wheat cultivation, were studied. The compositions showed a high bactericidal effect against bacteria of the genera Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas, and fungistatic effect against the yeast genus Candida and filamentous fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Exophiala, and Fusarium. They also showed high activity in wound healing in rats and significantly changed the rate of development of winter wheat plants due to presowing treatment of seeds.
Effect of Cross-Linked Alginate/Oil Nanoemulsion Coating on Cracking and Quality Parameters of Sweet Cherries (2021)

The cracking of sweet cherries causes significant crop losses. Sweet cherries (cv. Bing) were coated by electro-spraying with an edible nanoemulsion (NE) of alginate and soybean oil with or without a CaCl<sub>2</sub> cross-linker to reduce cracking. Coated sweet cherries were stored at 4 °C for 28 d. The barrier and fruit quality properties and nutritional values of the coated cherries were evaluated and compared with those of uncoated sweet cherries. Sweet cherries coated with NE + CaCl<sub>2</sub> increased cracking tolerance by 53% and increased firmness. However, coated sweet cherries exhibited a 10% increase in water loss after 28 d due to decreased resistance to water vapor transfer. Coated sweet cherries showed a higher soluble solid content, titratable acidity, antioxidant capacity, and total soluble phenolic content compared with uncoated sweet cherries. Therefore, the use of the NE + CaCl<sub>2</sub> coating on sweet cherries can help reduce cracking and maintain their postharvest quality.
Aerosol-Based Fabrication of Modified Chitosans and Their Application for Gene Transfection (2014)

Modified chitosan nanoparticles were conveniently obtained by a one-step aerosol method, and their potential for gene transfection was investigated. Droplets containing modified chitosans were formed by collison atomization, dried to form solid particles, and collected and studied for potential use as nanocarriers. Modified chitosans consisted of a chitosan backbone and an additional component [covalently attached cholesterol; or blends with poly(l-lysine) (PLL), polyethyleneimine (PEI), or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)]. Agarose gel retardation assays confirmed that modified chitosans could associate with plasmid DNA. Even though the average cell viability of cholesterol-chitosan (Ch-Cs) showed a slightly higher cytotoxicity (∼90% viability) than that for unmodified chitosan (Cs, ∼95%), transfection (>7.5 × 10(5) in relative light units (RLU) mg(-1)) was more effective than it was for Cs (∼7.6 × 10(4) RLU mg(-1)). The blending of PEI with Cs (i.e., a Cs/PEI) to produce transfection complexes enhanced the transfection efficiency (∼1.3 × 10(6) RLU mg(-1)) more than did the addition of PLL (i.e., a Cs/PLL, ∼9.3 × 10(5) RLU mg(-1)); however, it also resulted in higher cytotoxicity (∼86% viability for Cs/PEI vs ∼94% for Cs/PLL). The average cell viability (∼92%) and transfection efficiency (∼1.9 × 10(6) RLU mg(-1)) were complemented further by addition of PEG in Cs/PEI complexes (i.e., a Cs/PEI-PEG). This work concludes that gene transfection of Cs can be significantly enhanced by adding cationic polymers during aerosol fabrication without wet chemical modification processes of Cs.
Azathioprine‐induced severe pancytopenia due to a homozygous two‐point mutation of the thiopurine methyltransferase gene in a patient with juvenile HLA‐B27‐associated spondylarthritis (1997)

Severe pancytopenia due to azathioprine (AZA) toxicity in patients with autoimmune diseases is not uncommon. We describe a 14-year-old girl with HLA-B27+ spondylarthritis who was treated with AZA 3 mg/kg/day and who suddenly developed severe pancytopenia in the seventh week of treatment. Analysis of the catabolic pathway of AZA revealed a homozygous deficiency of thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) on the basis of a combined 2-point mutation at nucleotide positions 460 and 719 in the gene for TPMT, causing a toxic level of the metabolic active 6-thioguanine nucleotides (6-TGN) (2,394 pmoles/8 x 10(8) red blood cells). The patient was transfusion dependent and finally recovered 8 weeks after the development of the pancytopenia. At that time, 6-TGN had already returned to normal therapeutic levels. Family studies revealed another homozygous deficiency in the mother, while the other family members were heterozygous.
RF and DC Characterization of Self-Aligned L-Band 4H-SiC Static Induction Transistors (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
The crystal-size and power dependence of luminescence properties of Nd3+:LaAlO 3 nanopowders (2004)

The luminescence properties of the Nd3+:LaAlO3 nanocrystalline powders characterized by different sizes of grains in the range of 25-50 nm were investigated. The effect of the nanocrystallites sizes on the luminescence behavior of Nd3+ was observed. In particular decreasing the grain sizes was found to increase emission from the thermally populated 4F5/2 state. It's intensity increased with the increase of excitation power density. The spectroscopic parameters of Nd3+ doped LaAlO3 nanocrystallites were determined from luminescence spectra by using the Judd-Ofelt method and compared to those obtained for a single crystal of Nd3+:LaAlO3.
Robust Invariant Features for Object Recognition and Mobile Robot Navigation (2005)

This research is partially supported by Ministry of Information
and Communications (MIC) and NRL (Code#
M1-0302-00-0064) of MOST, Korea.
Phenotypic taxonomy and metabolite profiling in microbial drug discovery (2005)

Microorganisms and in particular actinomycetes and microfungi are known to produce a vast number of bioactive secondary metabolites. For industrially important fungal genera such as Penicillium and Aspergillus the production of these compounds has been demonstrated to be very consistent at the species level. This means that direct metabolite profiling techniques such as direct injection mass spectrometry or NMR can easily be used for chemotyping/metabolomics of strains from both culture collections and natural samples using modern informatics tools. In this review we discuss chemotyping/metabolomics as part of intelligent screening and highlight how it can be used for identification and classification of filamentous fungi and for the discovery of novel compounds when used in combination with modern methods for dereplication. In our opinion such approaches will be important for future effective drug discovery strategies, especially for dereplication of culture collections in order to avoid redundancy in the selection of species. This will maximize the chemical diversity of the microbial natural product libraries that can be generated from fungal collections.
A novel self-assembling peptide for hemostasis during endoscopic submucosal dissection: a randomized controlled trial (2020)

This study has demonstrated that Purastat is an effective hemostat that can reduce the need for heat therapy for bleeding during ESD. It may also have a role in improving post-resection wound healing.
Quantitative determination of carbonaceous particle mixing state in Paris using single particle mass spectrometer and aerosol mass spectrometer measurements (2013)

Abstract. Single particle mixing state information can be a powerful tool for assessing the relative impact of local and regional sources of ambient particulate matter in urban environments. However, quantitative mixing state data are challenging to obtain using single particle mass spectrometers. In this study, the quantitative chemical composition of carbonaceous single particles has been estimated using an aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) as part of the MEGAPOLI 2010 winter campaign in Paris, France. Relative peak areas of marker ions for elemental carbon (EC), organic aerosol (OA), ammonium, nitrate, sulphate and potassium were compared with concurrent measurements from an Aerodyne high resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), a thermal/optical OCEC analyser and a particle into liquid sampler coupled with ion chromatography (PILS-IC). ATOFMS-derived mass concentrations reproduced the variability of these species well (R2 = 0.67–0.78), and ten discrete mixing states for carbonaceous particles were identified and quantified. Potassium content was used to identify particles associated with biomass combustion. The chemical mixing state of HR-ToF-AMS organic aerosol factors, resolved using positive matrix factorization, was also investigated through comparison with the ATOFMS dataset. The results indicate that hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA) detected in Paris is associated with two EC-rich mixing states which differ in their relative sulphate content, while fresh biomass burning OA (BBOA) is associated with two mixing states which differ significantly in their OA/EC ratios. Aged biomass burning OA (OOA2-BBOA) was found to be significantly internally mixed with nitrate, while secondary, oxidized OA (OOA) was associated with five particle mixing states, each exhibiting different relative secondary inorganic ion content. Externally mixed secondary organic aerosol was not observed. These findings demonstrate the heterogeneity of primary and secondary organic aerosol mixing states in Paris. Examination of the temporal behaviour and chemical composition of the ATOFMS classes also enabled estimation of the relative contribution of transported emissions of each chemical species and total particle mass in the size range investigated. Only 22% of the total ATOFMS-derived particle mass was apportioned to fresh, local emissions, with 78% apportioned to regional/continental scale emissions.
Investigation of Size Effects in Magnetoelectric BiFeO3 (2005)

Magnetoelectric materials may be applicable in magnetic and ferroelectric devices, because they exhibit both magnetic and electrical ordering over a range of temperatures. One of the few magnetoelectic materials is BiFeO3. Large particles of (bulk) BiFeO3 have a perovskite structure, a Neel temperature (TN) of 380 °C, and a ferroelectric transition temperature (TC) of 810 °C. Changing the particle size of BiFeO3, to nanometer scale has been demonstrated to affect the magnetoelectric properties of this material. These changes may result from the small particle size of the nanoparticulate BiFeO3 or may be due to local structural changes caused by the decrease in particle size. Nanoparticles of BiFeO3 with a narrow size distribution are not easy to prepare. Nanoparticles were synthesized by using wet chemical techniques and were characterized by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Fe K-edge x-ray-absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements were made of bulk and nanoparticulate BiFeO3 to determine the local atomic structure about Fe. The XAFS results from the nanoparticulate BiFeO3 show that the local structure about the Fe atoms to approximately 4.0 Å is the same as in the bulk BiFeO3 sample. This result indicates that the decrease in the Neel Temperature (400 to 339 °C for these samples) with the decrease in particle size (1.4 μm to 20 nm) is not due to local structural changes about the Fe atoms as a result of the decrease in particle size.
<I>Cryptosporidium</I> and its potential as a food-borne pathogen (2003)

Cryptosporidium species are intestinal protozoan parasites and are excreted in animal feces as stable oocysts. Cryptosporidium has now been detected in the feces of a wide range of ruminant and non-ruminant farmed animals, wild animals, domestic pets and birds and the parasite appears to be well adapted to survive and persist in feces for extended periods, ranging from several weeks to many months. Because of this persistence, these materials are important as potential vehicles of transmission within herds, farms, the water chain, the fresh food chain, and the wider environment. Appropriate handling of animal waste is necessary to control spread of this pathogen and to limit the significant risks of human infection. While water is a well-recognized vector of Cryptosporidium, it has only recently emerged that food may play a more significant role than previously realized in the transmission of the Cryptosporidium to humans. In the last 3-5 years, research efforts have been directed both at the development of suitable methods for isolation and detection of the parasite in foods and at the application of these methods to assess the prevalence and persistence of the parasite in a range of foods. Additionally, molecular subtyping methods have been used to establish the transmission routes of the parasite. This paper summarizes the general biology of Cryptosporidium and overviews the current research on C. parvum in the food chain. The risks posed by certain foods, such as salad/vegetable crops and beef, are discussed and control measures which may be useful in the farm-to-fork chain for these products are described.