gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transforming University of California, Irvine medical physiology instruction into the pandemic era (2020)

At the University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine (UCISOM), the COVID-19 pandemic is accelerating the transition of face-to-face didactic lectures to online platforms. Institutions nationwide have opted to transition their lectures into remote instruction for the upcoming Fall 2020 academic year. UCISOM's pre-clerkship Medical Immunology course in the Spring 2020 serves as a template for other medical courses to successfully transform lecture content into virtual presentations. To help facilitate successful large-scale transition to online courses, UCI developed institutional support and implemented a Division of Teaching Excellence and Innovation (DTEI) Fellowship and iMedEd programs to support medical educators throughout Summer. Previously developed E-learning modules for renal and acid-base physiology serve as the foundation for novel pulmonary E-learning modules at UCISOM. In preparation for the new academic year, in a collaboration between faculty, UCISOM's top performing second-year medical students (MS2s) and DTEI fellows worked together during the summer to transition UCISOM's Medical Physiology and Pathophysiology course online. With over 100 first-year medical students attending the Medical Physiology course over live synchronous Zoom instruction, formative and summative assessments were incorporated into Canvas modules along with peer-led review sessions and new E-learning modules to educate and monitor student progress. The course will maintain existing in-person active learning activities for students to get hands-on experience using the latest medical devices while maintaining social distancing. Successful transition to online medical education at UCISOM will depend on increasing use of formative assessments, increased utilization of peer-led review sessions, and efficient communication to help foster self-directed learning.
Broadband fiber lasers using bismuth-oxide-based erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (2004)

Bismuth oxide-based erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (Bi-EDFAs) are attractive because of their broad gain bandwidth and high gain per unit length. In this paper, several applications of broadband bismuth oxide-based erbium-doped fiber lasers (Bi-EDFLs) are reviewed including a wideband tunable single frequency Bi-EDFL, a femtosecond passively mode-locked Bi-EDFL, and applications to broadband spectrum generation.
Synthesis and Characterization of Dioxopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives Having Electron‐Withdrawing Groups (2012)

Abstract New dioxopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivatives bearing electron‐withdrawing groups have been synthesized, and their photophysical properties and redox behaviors have been examined. The electron‐accepting abilities of the derivatives were elucidated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and redox titration analysis. The introduction of the electron‐withdrawing groups modulated the redox properties of the DPP core, and the addition of the 1,1,4,4‐tetracyanobutadiene (TCBD) moieties created a multi‐redox system. The application of TD‐DFT (time‐dependent density functional theory) revealed the HOMO and LUMO of the compounds, and the calculation results were consistent with the photophysical and electrochemical properties of the compounds. The TCBD moieties provided the dye molecule with unique physical properties such as broad charge‐transfer absorption bands and reversible multi‐redox behavior.
Angiotensin II-Induced Nuclear Targeting of the Angiotensin Type 1 (AT1) Receptor in Brain Neurons (1998)

Angiotensin II (Ang II) interaction with the neuronal AT1 receptor results in a chronic stimulation of neuromodulation that involves the expression of norepinephrine transporter (NET) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). In view of this unique property and the presence of putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) consensus sequence in the AT1 receptor, this study was conducted to investigate the hypothesis that Ang II would induce nuclear sequestration of this G protein-coupled receptor and that the sequestration may have implications on Ang II-induced expression of NET and TH genes. Incubation of neuronal cultures with Ang II caused a time- and dose-dependent increase in the levels of AT1 receptor immunoreactivity in the nucleus. A 6.7-fold increase was observed with 100 nm Ang II, in 15 min, that was blocked by losartan, an AT1 receptor-specific antagonist. Ang II-induced nuclear sequestration was specific for AT1 receptor, because Ang II failed to produce a similar effect on neuronal AT2 receptors. The presence of the putative NLS sequence in the cytoplasmic tail of the AT1 receptor seems to be the key in nuclear targeting because: 1) nuclear targeting was attenuated by a peptide of the AT1 receptor that contained the putative NLS sequence; and 2) Ang II failed to cause nuclear translocation of the AT2 receptor, which does not contain the putative NLS. Ang II also caused a time- and dose-dependent stimulation of P62 phosphorylation, a glycoprotein of the nuclear pore complex. A 6-fold stimulation of phosphorylation was observed with 100 nm Ang II, in 15 min, that was completely blocked by losartan and not by PD123,319, an AT2 receptor specific antagonist. Preloading of neurons with p62-pep (a peptide containing consenses of mitogen-activated protein kinase in p62) resulted in a loss of Ang II-induced p62 phosphorylation and stimulation of NET and TH messenger RNA levels. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that Ang II induces nuclear sequestration of AT1 receptor involving NLS in the AT1 receptor and p62 of the nuclear pore complex in brain neurons. A possible role of such a nuclear targeting of the AT1 receptor on chronic neuromodulatory actions of Ang II has been discussed.
Breast cancer screening using convolutional neural network and follow-up digital mammography (2018)

We propose a computer-aided detection (CAD) method for breast cancer screening using convolutional neural network (CNN) and follow-up scans. First, mammographic images are examined by three cascading object detectors to detect suspicious cancerous regions. Then all regional images are fed to a trained CNN (based on the pre-trained VGG-19 model) to filter out false positives. Three cascading detectors are trained with Haar features, local binary pattern (LBP) and histograms of oriented gradient (HOG) separately via an AdaBoost approach. The bounding boxes (BBs) from three featured detectors are merged to generate a region proposal. Each regional image, consisting of three channels, current scan (red channel), registered prior scan (green channel) and their difference (blue channel), is scaled to 224×224×3 for CNN classification. We tested the proposed method using our digital mammographic database including 69 cancerous subjects of mass, architecture distortion, and 27 healthy subjects, each of which includes two scans, current (cancerous or healthy), prior scan (healthy 1 year before). On average 165 BBs are created by three cascading classifiers on each mammogram, but only 3 BBs remained per image after the CNN classification. The overall performance is described as follows: sensitivity = 0.928, specificity = 0.991, FNR = 0.072, and FPI (false positives per image) = 0.004. Considering the early-stage cancerous status (1-year ago was normal), the performance of the proposed CAD method is very promising.
Feasibility and cost effectiveness of ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A retrospective cohort study (2020)

Ambulatory surgery is an efficient, safe and widely performed procedure; this study would shows the advantages of the ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure from the point of view of patients and the Hospital/National Health System. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: Single-center retrospective cohort study including 288 patients who underwent laparoscopic-cholecystectomy at **** from January 2016 to July 2018. Ambulatory LC were compared to well-matched inpatient procedures performed in the same study period. The primary endpoints was the 30-day readmission rate. Secondary endpoints were the discharge rate in the ambulatory group, the post-operative complications rate and cost effectiveness. <i>Results:</i> 120/288 (41.7%) patients underwent ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Thirty-two (26.7%) patients who underwent ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy had major preoperative comorbidities and 35 (29.2%) had undergone prior abdominal surgery. The readmission rates for ambulatory patients and inpatients were 0.8% and 1.7% (p = 0.56), respectively; 104 (86.7%) ambulatory patients were discharged successfully on the same day. The two groups showed the same post-operative complication rate (p = 0.40). Ambulatory procedures resulted in related cost savings of more than 300% for the hospital and a remarkable financial benefit for the National Italian Healthcare System, accounting for savings exceeding € 27 000 per year. <i>Conclusions:</i> Ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and cost effective. Since a third of ambulatory patients showed comorbidity or previous abdominal surgery, we believe that this procedure may be performed safely in a tertiary HPB centre, even in complex patients.
Evaluation of the AnaeroPack system for growth of clinically significant anaerobes (1997)

The AnaeroPack (Mitsubishi Gas Chemical America, Inc., New York, N.Y.) system was compared with the GasPak (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.) system and a conventional anaerobe chamber to evaluate the ability of the AnaeroPack system to support the growth of clinically significant anaerobes. The AnaeroPack system requires no catalyst or water, produces no hydrogen, and is oxygen absorbing and carbon dioxide generating. It is simple to use and reduces preparation time to a minimum. One hundred forty clinical isolates obtained from various anatomic sites and 10 American Type Culture Collection type strains were evaluated. Isolates were plated on various media, and bacterial growth was examined after 24, 48, 72, and 168 h of incubation. Criteria for evaluation and comparison of systems included rate and quality of growth, colonial morphology, hemolytic reactions, and pigment production. Results indicate that the AnaeroPack system is highly effective in creating an anaerobic atmosphere. The AnaeroPack system never failed to reduce the methylene blue indicator, while the GasPak system failed 15% of the time. The rate or quality of growth achieved by the AnaeroPack system compared with that of established anaerobic culturing techniques was similar and significantly better for several genera including the Bacteroides fragilis group, Fusobacterium, Clostridium, and Peptostreptococcus. The AnaeroPack system appears to be an excellent alternative to established methods for generating an environment for anaerobic incubation.
The Mannich Reaction of Certain Dinitro Alcohols with Glycine and Ethanolamine1 (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Mannich Reaction of Certain Dinitro Alcohols with Glycine and Ethanolamine1Henry Feuer, G. Bryant Bachman, and Wayne MayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 20, 5124–5126Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01649a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01649a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF PRECURSORY STAGE OF FRACTURE ON POLYMER BY ETFuM Elastic-wave Transfer Function Method (1992)

Abstract Polymer is popularly used for the housing or parts of machine and equipment. However, the mechanical properties, especially the fracture process has not been clarified. It is the reason why polymer has not been used for the parts required reliability By the way, it is well known that fracture process of polymer under monotonic tensile test occurs Molecular chains locally orient in a very fine area, then the area grow up with increasing load and strain. The grown up area is called “craze”. After then, the craze grow up and coalescent each other, and the fibril is broken in some craze and becomes micro crack. However, we can only monitor the craze optically, and it is difficult to monitor the precursory stage of craze dynamically In this paper, the precursory stage of craze during tensile test was monitored by ETFuM (Elastic-wave Transfer Function Method), and evaluated quantitatively. In this study, clarification of the relation between mechanical degradation process and the transfer function in Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and Polycarbonate (PC) was conducted, and also, it is found the amplitude change in some frequency range of transfer function during tensile test is strongly related to the nucleation and growth of craze. The results suggested that the ETFuM is useful and a powerful method for monitoring and evaluating nondestructively the conditions of polymer.
<title>Field evaluations of dual-band fusion for color night vision</title> (1999)

As part of an advanced night vision program sponsored by DARPA, a method for real-time color night vision based on the fusion of visible and infrared sensors has been developed and demonstrated. The work, based on principles of color vision in humans and primates, achieves an effective strategy for combining the complementary information present in the two sensors. Our sensor platform consists of a 640 X 480 low- light CCD camera developed at MIT Lincoln Laboratory and a 320 X 240 uncooled microbolometer thermal infrared camera from Lockheed Martin Infrared. Image capture, data processing, and display are implemented in real-time (30 fps) on commercial hardware. Recent results from field tests at Lincoln Laboratory and in collaboration with U.S. Army Special Forces at Fort Campbell will be presented. During the tests, we evaluated the performance of the system for ground surveillance and as a driving aid. Here, we report on the results using both a wide-field of view (42 deg.) and a narrow field of view (7 deg.) platforms.
Inducible cardiomyocyte‐specific gene disruption directed by the rat Tnnt2 promoter in the mouse (2009)

We developed a conditional and inducible gene knockout methodology that allows effective gene deletion in mouse cardiomyocytes. This transgenic mouse line was generated by coinjection of two transgenes, a "reverse" tetracycline-controlled transactivator (rtTA) directed by a rat cardiac troponin T (Tnnt2) promoter and a Cre recombinase driven by a tetracycline-responsive promoter (TetO). Here, Tnnt2-rtTA activated TetO-Cre expression takes place in cardiomyocytes following doxycycline treatment. Using two different mouse Cre reporter lines, we demonstrated that expression of Cre recombinase was specifically and robustly induced in the cardiomyocytes of embryonic or adult hearts following doxycycline induction, thus, allowing cardiomyocyte-specific gene disruption and lineage tracing. We also showed that rtTA expression and doxycycline treatment did not compromise cardiac function. These features make the Tnnt2-rtTA;TetO-Cre transgenic line a valuable genetic tool for analysis of spatiotemporal gene function and cardiomyocyte lineage tracing during developmental and postnatal periods.
Universality of the energy-containing structures in wall-bounded turbulence (2017)

The scaling behaviour of the longitudinal velocity structure functions $\langle (\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}_{r}u)^{2p}\rangle ^{1/p}$ (where $2p$ represents the order) is studied for various wall-bounded turbulent flows. It has been known that for very large Reynolds numbers within the logarithmic region, the structure functions can be described by $\langle (\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}_{r}u)^{2p}\rangle ^{1/p}/U_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}^{2}\approx D_{p}\ln (r/z)+E_{p}$ (where $r$ is the longitudinal distance, $z$ the distance from the wall, $U_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$ the friction velocity and $D_{p}$ , $E_{p}$ are constants) in accordance with Townsend’s attached eddy hypothesis. Here we show that the ratios $D_{p}/D_{1}$ extracted from plots between structure functions – in the spirit of the extended self-similarity hypothesis – have further reaching universality for the energy containing range of scales. Specifically, we confirm that this description is universal across wall-bounded flows with different flow geometries, and also for both the longitudinal and transversal structure functions, where previously the scaling has been either difficult to discern or differences have been reported when examining the direct representation of $\langle (\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}_{r}u)^{2p}\rangle ^{1/p}$ . In addition, we present evidence of this universality at much lower Reynolds numbers, which opens up avenues to examine structure functions that are not readily available from high Reynolds number databases.
Simian liver alcohol dehydrogenase: isolation and characterization of isoenzymes from Macaca mulatta (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimian liver alcohol dehydrogenase: isolation and characterization of isoenzymes from Macaca mulattaWerner P. Dafeldecker, Patricia E. Meadow, Xavier Pares, and Bert L. ValleeCite this: Biochemistry 1981, 20, 23, 6729–6734Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00526a031https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00526a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evolution of Processor Architecture in Mobile Phones (2014)

Mobile phone has become a vital component of our daily life. Technological advancements have resulted in significant changes in the processor architecture of mobile phones; transforming the typical mobile phones of 1990's to modern smart phones. The design and deployment of mobile processors over the years is largely affected by Communication, performance, and low-power operation. The transition from analog to digital telephony has resulted in mobile devices delivering a wide range of data services. To support these services, processor architecture has now become much more complex. Mobile processors are growing rapidly with each passing generation. The goal of this paper is to review various processor architectures for mobile phones.
COVID-19 and assisted reproductive technology services: repercussions for patients and proposal for individualized clinical management (2020)

The prolonged lockdown of health services providing high-complexity fertility treatments -as currently recommended by many reproductive medicine entities- is detrimental for society as a whole, and infertility patients in particular. Globally, approximately 0.3% of all infants born every year are conceived using assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments. By contrast, the total number of COVID-19 deaths reported so far represents approximately 1.0% of the total deaths expected to occur worldwide over the first three months of the current year. It seems, therefore, that the number of infants expected to be conceived and born -but who will not be so due to the lockdown of infertility services- might be as significant as the total number of deaths attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic. We herein propose remedies that include a prognostic-stratification of more vulnerable infertility cases in order to plan a progressive restart of worldwide fertility treatments. At a time when preventing complications and limiting burdens for national health systems represent relevant issues, our viewpoint might help competent authorities and health care providers to identify patients who should be prioritized for the continuation of fertility care in a safe environment.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Characterization of Gene–Environment Interactions for Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility Loci (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 52K, Forest plots for meta-analysis results with GxE interaction p &lt; 0.01&lt;/p&gt;
Sorting Out Risks Using Known APT Factors (1988)

Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) differs from the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) in hypothesizing that actual and expected security returns are sensitive, not to just one type of nondiversifiable (i.e., beta or market risk), but to a variety of different ypes of risk. Prior testing has shown the CAPM to be inferior to an APT model that incorporates unanticipated changes in five macroeconomic variables-default risk, the term structure of interest rates, inflation or deflation, the long-run expected growth rate of profits for the economy and residual market risk. It is possible to estimate the sensitivities of individual securities or portfolios to these five factors. Such measurements allow one to explore variations in sensitivities to different types of across both equity market sectors and industries. The resulting exposure profiles do not depend on any particular market index. APT profiles may be used for either active or passive portfolio management. Passive managers wishing to reduce their portfolios' systematic characteristics might consider a technique termed risk sterilization; here assets with different profiles are combined so as to negate, or sterilize, exposure to selected riskfactors. Alternatively, active managers can attempt to achieve excess returns by constructing portfolios in accordance with their forecasts of factor realizations.