gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract B249: Small molecule inhibitors of the Pim protein kinases block the growth of T-acute lymphoblastic leukemias (2009)

Abstract The Pim protein kinases, first identified as a proviral integration site in c-Myc overexpressor mice, are increased in multiple human hematopoietic neoplasms including myeloid leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and T-cell lymphoma. We have developed novel benzylidene-thiazolidine-2, 4-diones (J. Med. Chem. (2009) 52:74) inhibitors of Pim kinases that kill a wide range of both myeloid and lymphoid cell lines with precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (pre T-LBL/T-ALL) being the most sensitive. The most potent members of this chemotype have IC50s of 13 nM for Pim-1 and 2.3 M for Pim-2 while some compounds in this chemotype demonstrated selectivity's of more than 2500-fold and 400-fold for Pim-1 or Pim-2 respectively while other congeners had equivalent potency towards both isozymes. Of the 47 additional protein kinases tested, only DYRK1a was sensitive to these agents. Incubation of pre T-LBL cells with one of these Pim inhibitors, SMI-4a, induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest secondary to a dose dependent induction of p27Kip1 and translocation of this protein to the nucleus. Additionally, SMI-4a induced apoptosis in these leukemic cells through the mitochondrial pathway, and inhibited mTORC1 pathway based on decreases in phosphorylation of p70 S6K and 4E-BP1, two substrates of this enzyme. Using immuno-deficient animals, we demonstrate that treatment 5/7 days with 60 mg/kg twice daily by oral gavage of SMI-4a inhibits subcutaneous growth of pre T-LBL tumors by an average of 47.9% (p&amp;lt; .05). These SMI-4a treated mice had no change in weight, blood counts, cell morphology, or blood chemistries. To enhance the killing effect of SMI-4a we have examined a number of potential combination therapies. Because we find in animals and cell culture that single agent SMI-4a treatment stimulates the ERK pathway, and in the spleen and thymus of Pim1/2/3 knock out mice there is increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, we combined SMI-4a and a MEK1/2 inhibitor, U0126 or PD184352. Our results demonstrate that this combination is highly synergistic in killing pre T-LBL cells in culture. Finally, because SMI-4a inhibits the mTORC1 pathway decreasing the phosphorylation of two mTOR substrates, p70 S6K and 4E-BP1, and because Pim plays an essential role in the FLT3/ITD signaling pathway, we examined the activity of SMI-4a with or without rapamycin in myeloid leukemic MV4–11 carrying both MLL-AF4 and FLT3-ITD. We find that these two agents are highly synergistic in culture. SMI-4a alone inhibited growth 18% and rapamycin 40% but when combined 76% of the cell growth was blocked. Our results demonstrate that unique combinations of a potent Pim inhibitor, SMI-4a, and small molecule blockade of either the mTORC1 or ERK pathways have promise as a novel combination strategy for the treatment of human leukemia. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):B249.
Transglutaminase activity is involved in Saccharomyces cerevisiae wall construction (2002)

Transglutaminase activity, which forms the interpeptidic cross-link N(epsilon)-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine, was demonstrated in cell-free extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by incorporation of [(14)C]lysine into an exogenous acceptor, N,N'-dimethylcasein. Higher levels of the activity were present in the cell wall, which also contained endogenous acceptors. The enzyme activity in the wall was inhibited by cystamine, a known inhibitor of transglutaminase, and by EDTA, indicating a cation-dependent activity. After the endogenous wall acceptors were labelled radioactively by transglutaminase, extraction with SDS solubilized about 50% of the total radioactivity, while Zymolyase and chitinase each released a further 3%. The proteins solubilized by SDS had molecular masses less than 50 kDa, whereas the material released by Zymolyase or chitinase had molecular masses greater than 180 kDa, suggesting a precursor-product relationship. Cystamine inhibited the growth of several strains of S. cerevisiae. Treated cells showed increased sensitivity to Zymolyase and appeared as protoplasts, indicating gross alterations in the cell wall. These data suggest that transglutaminase may be involved in the formation of covalent cross-links between wall proteins during wall construction.
A Graph Matching Algorithm Using Data-Driven Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling (2010)

We propose a novel stochastic graph matching algorithm based on data-driven Markov Chain Monte Carlo (DDMCMC) sampling technique. The algorithm explores the solution space efficiently and avoid local minima by taking advantage of spectral properties of the given graphs in data-driven proposals. Thus, it enables the graph matching to be robust to deformation and outliers arising from the practical correspondence problems. Our comparative experiments using synthetic and real data demonstrate that the algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art graph matching algorithms.
Automated histometry in quantitative prostate pathology. (1998)

Automated tissue section scanning and image interpretation is now possible and holds much promise in prostate pathology and other diagnostically demanding areas. Issues of standardization still need to be addressed, but the development of such systems will undoubtedly enhance our diagnostic capabilities through the automation of time-consuming procedures and the quantitative evaluation of disease processes.
A DCT-Based Broadband Multicarrier Transceiver (2006)

We investigate the use of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) for multicarrier transmission over frequency selective channels. We derive design conditions for the DCT to diagonalize the channel into parallel, decoupled, and memoryless subchannels. Furthermore, we compare the performance of DCT and DFT-based multicarrier transceivers in the presence of channel estimation errors, residual frequency offset, and narrowband interference
Temperature dependence of the fast, near-band-edge scintillation from CuI, HgI2, PbI2, ZnO:Ga, and CdS:In (2001)

We present temperature-dependent pulsed X-ray data on the decay time spectra, wavelengths, and intensities of fast (ns) radiative recombination in five direct, wide-bandgap semiconductors: CuI, HgI2, PbI2, and n-doped ZnO:Ga and CdS:In. At 12 K the luminosity of powder samples is 0.30, 1.6, 0.40, 2.0, and 0.15, respectively, relative to that of BGO powder at room temperature. Increasing the temperature of CuI to 346 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 300 while decreasing the fwhm of the decay time spectra from 0.20 to 0.11 ns. Increasing the temperature of HgI2 to 102 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 53 while decreasing the fwhm from 1.6 to 0.5 ns. Increasing the temperature of PbI2 to 165 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 27 while decreasing the fwhm from 0.52 to 0.15 ns. Increasing the temperature of ZnO:Ga to 365 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 33 while decreasing the fwhm from 0.41 to 0.21 ns. Increasing the temperature of CdS:In to 295 K decreases the luminosity by a factor of 30 while decreasing the fwhm from 0.20 to 0.17 ns. All emission wavelengths are near the band edge. The luminosities decrease much faster than the radiative lifetimes, therefore, the reduction in luminosity is not primarily due to thermal quenching of the excited states, but mostly due to thermally activated trapping of charge carriers on nonradiative recombination centers. Since the radiative and nonradiative processes occur on different centers, increasing the ratio of radiative to nonradiative centers could result in a class of inorganic scintillators whose decay time and radiative efficiency would approach fundamental limits (i.e. o1 ns and 100 000 photons/MeV). r 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Microwave interactions in semiconductor multiple-quantum-well heterostructures utilizing a coplanar-strip geometry device (1995)

A novel device design utilizing a multiple-quantum-well heterostructure conduction channel with an oxide-isolated overlying coplanar-strip transmission line has been constructed. These devices exhibit negative differential conductance in their dc characteristics for current transport in the plane of the quantum-well layers, originating from the change in mobility of the heated electrons within the quantum-well structure. This device design has permitted the observation of nonlinear conduction properties using these multiple-quantum-well heterostructures at microwave frequencies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Racial Disparity in Chronic Hepatitis B Infection in a Predominately African American Urban Clinic Population (2017)

Introduction: The prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the US is estimated at 2 million and despite the high vaccination rate remains a major public health challenge. African Americans (AA) in the US are 4 times as likely as Caucasians (Cau) to be infected but there a few studies comparing AA and Non-AA. This study evaluates characteristics and treatment outcomes of AA patients with chronic HBV in comparison with non-AA patients. Methods: Using the medical records of 250 patients with ICD9/10 codes for hepatitis B, we identified 92 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The remaining were not documented with CHB (97) or were co-infected with HIV (61). Clinical status was defined by HBV DNA levels, inflammation by ALT and fibrosis by AST Platelet Index (APRI= ((AST/normal AST)/platelets) x 100). Only patients with a known pretreatment positive HBV DNA level were used in the viral load analysis in order to assure accurate pair-wise evaluation. Results: Sixty percent of the patients were AA (n=55) with the Non-AA group consisting of Asians (n=15), Caucasians (n=13) and undefined/others (n=9). At initial visit, AA were more likely than non-AA to be female (58% vs 38%; p < 0.05), older (55 vs 46 years; p < 0.005) and have less fibrosis by APRI (0.44 vs 0.91; p < 0.05). Treatment rates were not significantly different (AA=39%; Non-AA= 48%) and the majority were treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (74%). Treated patients (n= 37) had a decline from baseline visit to undetectable HBV DNA (AA 100% to 41%; Non-AA 100% to 11%), inflammation (AA: 133 to 45; p=0.06; Non-AA: 97 to 38; p < 0.05) and fibrosis (AA 0.47 to 0.35;p < 0.05; Non-AA 1.40 to 0.85; p=0.08). Although the number of HBeAg+ patients were similar between the two groups (28%), HBeAg+ AA patients were less likely compared to Non-AA to become virus undetectable on treatment (72 % HBeAg+ vs 25% HBeAg-). Conclusion: Racial diversity in HBV infected patients was found between AA and non-AA with respect to gender (female), age (older), and fibrosis (lower). Although treatment with nucleot(s)ide inhibitors decreased viral load, inflammation and fibrosis, AA who were HBeAg+ were the least likely to achieve undetectable HBV DNA levels. Continued screening with ultrasound evaluation should be emphasized especially in AA patients who are HBeAg+. Supported in part by an Investigator Initiated Research Grant from Gilead Sciences.
On The Total Dose Radiation Hardness Of Floating Gate EEPROM Cells (2005)

In this paper the total dose radiation response of single and double polysilicon floating gate EEPROM cells is compared. While the hardness of double polysilicon cells is restricted to a few kilorads, devices having only one polysilicon layer are shown to be much more radiation-hard. A model is presented, that is able to explain the different behaviour of both types of cells and guidelines are given to improve the radiation hardness of the cells.
Reporting quality of randomised controlled trial abstracts among high-impact general medical journals: a review and analysis (2016)

Among the five highest impact general medical journals, there is variable and incomplete adherence to the CONSORT for Abstracts reporting checklist of randomised trials, with substantial differences between individual journals. Lack of adherence to the CONSORT for Abstracts reporting checklist by high-impact medical journals impedes critical appraisal of important studies. We recommend diligent assessment of adherence to reporting guidelines by authors, reviewers and editors to promote transparency and unbiased reporting of abstracts.
Preparation of rare-earth manganite-oxide thin films by metalorganic aerosol deposition technique (1999)

A chemical deposition technique based on the use of solutions of metal-chelate coordination compounds has been applied to prepare rare-earth–manganite-oxide thin films. La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 and La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 thin films have been grown epitaxially on MgO(100) substrates and characterized by structural (x-ray diffraction analysis, atomic force microscopy) and magnetotransport (T=4.2–300 K, and B=0–5 T) measurements.
Orleans: A Framework for Cloud Computing (2010)

Client + cloud computing is a disruptive, new computing platform, combining diverse client devices – PCs, smartphones, sensors, and single-function and embedded devices – with the unlimited, on-demand computation and data storage offered by cloud computing services such as Amazon’s AWS or Microsoft’s Windows Azure. As with every advance in computing, programming is a fundamental challenge as client + cloud computing combines many difficult aspects of software development. Orleans is a software framework for building client + cloud applications. Orleans encourages use of simple concurrency patterns that are easy to understand and implement correctly, building on an actor-like model with declarative specification of persistence, replication, and consistency and using lightweight transactions to support the development of reliable and scalable client + cloud software.
Safety of Xanthene Dyes According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (1995)

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has published decisions on 32 xanthene dyes. Fourteen were delisted in 1960 because they were not in commercial use in food, drugs, or cosmetics, six were delisted in 1963 because of lack of interest, and two were delisted after 1963. Ten have been listed for use in drugs and cosmetics. FD&C Red No. 3 is listed for use in food and ingested drugs, but was delisted in 1990 for use in cosmetics and external drugs. The reasons for FDA's decisions will be discussed in light of the toxicology data available to the agency at the times of the decisions.
Isolation and Sequencing of a Putative Promoter Region of the Murine G Protein β1 Subunit ( GNB1 ) Gene (2002)

The expression of the heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein beta 1 subunit gene (GNB1) is regulated by psychostimulants such as cocaine and amphetamines. Since the up-regulation appears to be one of the candidate processes of sensitization, it is necessary to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanism of the GNB1 gene regulation for a better understanding the establishment of sensitization. In the present study, we describe the isolation and nucleotide sequence analysis of the GNB1 gene promoter region. We have isolated approximately 10 kb of the 5'-flanking region of the mouse of GNB1 gene and found potential elements involved in putative transcriptional control of the GNB1, such as AP1, AP2, Sp1, cyclic AMP response element, and nuclear factor kappa B recognition sites, within the sequences 0.3 kb upstream from the putative transcription start site. This region was highly rich in G + C content, but lacked TATA or CATT boxes. Comparing the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA clone with the human genome databases using the BLAST program a region containing putative exon 1 and promoter of the human GNB1 gene in chromosome 1 was found. The cloning and sequence analysis of an extensive portion of the 5'-flanking regulatory region of the GNB1 gene provides new insights into the factors involved in the regulation by psychostimulants of GNB1 expression.
Hierarchical Multi-Task Word Embedding Learning for Synonym Prediction (2019)

Automatic synonym recognition is of great importance for entity-centric text mining and interpretation. Due to the high language use variability in real-life, manual construction of semantic resources to cover all synonyms is prohibitively expensive and may also result in limited coverage. Although there are public knowledge bases, they only have limited coverage for languages other than English. In this paper, we focus on medical domain and propose an automatic way to accelerate the process of medical synonymy resource development for Chinese, including both formal entities from healthcare professionals and noisy descriptions from end-users. Motivated by the success of distributed word representations, we design a multi-task model with hierarchical task relationship to learn more representative entity/term embeddings and apply them to synonym prediction. In our model, we extend the classical skip-gram word embedding model by introducing an auxiliary task "neighboring word semantic type prediction'' and hierarchically organize them based on the task complexity. Meanwhile, we incorporate existing medical term-term synonymous knowledge into our word embedding learning framework. We demonstrate that the embeddings trained from our proposed multi-task model yield significant improvement for entity semantic relatedness evaluation, neighboring word semantic type prediction and synonym prediction compared with baselines. Furthermore, we create a large medical text corpus in Chinese that includes annotations for entities, descriptions and synonymous pairs for future research in this direction.
Spectral shaping of circuit errors in digital-to-analog converters (1997)

Recently, various multibit noise-shaping digital-to-analog converters (DACs) have been proposed that use digital signal processing techniques to cause the DAC noise arising from analog component mismatches to be spectrally shaped. Such DACs have the potential to significantly increase the present precision limits of /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ data converters by eliminating the need for one-bit quantization in delta-sigma modulators. This paper extends the practicality of the noise-shaping DAC approach by presenting a general noise-shaping DAC architecture along with two special-case configurations that achieve first- and second-order noise-shaping, respectively. The second-order DAC configuration, in particular, is the least complex of those currently known to the author. Additionally, the paper provides a rigorous explanation of the apparent paradox of how the DAC noise can be spectrally shaped even though the sources of the DAC noise-the errors introduced by the analog circuitry-are not known to the noise-shaping algorithm.
Femtosecond Laser Backside Ablation of Gold Film on Silicon Substrate (2016)

Femtosecond laser ablation of gold thin film on the front and backside of silicon substrate is investigated, with backside ablation being the focus and front side ablation for comparison. The experiments are performed using 100 fs pulses delivered through an ultrafast laser source combined with an OPA for wavelength conversion at 1300 nm. We create a single shot ablation matrix by varying focus position and pulse energy. The laser beam is characterized using an IR imaging technique at both the front and backside of the substrate. It is found that the pulse profile experiences little distortion after passing though the 1 mm silicon substrate, despite the high pulse energy used. However, a comparison of the front and back ablation site indicates significant attenuation of pulse energy due to nonlinear absorption. Two types of damage happen depending on laser fluence: ablation and burst. Burst damage is confirmed with finite element simulation.
Genotypic and Phenotypic Cross-Resistance Patterns to Lopinavir and Amprenavir in Protease Inhibitor-Experienced Patients with HIV Viremia (2002)

Genotypic correlates of reduced phenotypic susceptibility to amprenavir (APV) and lopinavir (LPV) were examined in 271 HIV isolates from 207 protease inhibitor (PI)-experienced subjects. All samples were from LPV-naive subjects; two were from APV-experienced subjects. Using a fold resistance (FR) of <2.5, 179 (66%) were APV susceptible. Using FRs of <2.5 and <10, 107 (39%) and 194 (72%), respectively, were LPV susceptible. The I84V mutation was the strongest APV resistance marker in PI-experienced subjects in both univariate and multivariate analyses, with an increased relative incidence (RI) of 6.9 with >2.5 FR. Mutations L10I (RI, 1.7), M46I (RI, 2.3), and L90M (RI, 1.9, but 65% linked with the I84V) were associated with decreased APV susceptibility in the univariate analysis (p < 0.001). Mutations L10I, G48V, I54T, I54V, and V82A were significantly associated with decreased LPV susceptibility (p < 0.001 for each) and had increased RIs of 2.2, 4.4, 13, 4.6, and 3.2, respectively. Decreased susceptibility to LPV (FR, >or=10) was significantly associated with prior exposure to the following PIs: ritonavir (RTV) (p < 0.001), saquinavir (SQV) (p < 0.001), nelfinavir (NFV) (p = 0.008), and indinavir (IDV) (p = 0.028). Decreased APV susceptibility (FR, >or=2.5) was significantly associated with prior exposure to RTV (p = 0.009), NFV (p = 0.003), and IDV (p = 0.021) but not with prior SQV (p = 0.103). These results suggest that APV and LPV have different cross-resistance mutation patterns that may help determine choice of PI therapy after therapy failure.
The Association between Depressive Symptoms and Self-Rated Health among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in France and Japan (2020)

Abstract Background: Depressive disorders in University students have risen dramatically in the past few decades to the extent that students’ mental health has become a current global public health priority. Obtaining information from University students about their mental health is challenging because of potential embarrassment of disclosing one’s concerns and fear of stigmatization. Self-rated health might be a good solution to evaluate mental health state by a simple and neutral indicator. The aim of the study is to investigate the association between depressive symptoms and self-rated health by sex among University students in France and Japan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by using two large cohorts of students aged ≥18 years (n=5,655 in Bordeaux, France and n=17,148 in Kyoto, Japan). Depressive symptoms (PHQ-2 scale), Likert scale of self-rated health, socio-demographic characteristics and health habits were collected through self-administered questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to describe the association between depressive symptoms and other variables including self-rated health, stratified by sex. Results: A high score of PHQ-2 (high depressive symptoms) was associated with poor self-rated health in both cohorts independently of all other variables (OR 2.82, 95%CI 1.99-4.01 in France, OR 7.10, 95%CI 5.76-8.74 in Japan). Although the prevalence of depressive symptoms between sexes was different in French students (males 15.4%, females 25.0%, p&lt;0.001), it was similar in Japanese students (males 3.5%, females 3.3%, p=0.466), who reported less depressive symptoms than French students. The association between depressive symptoms and poor self-rated health was greater in Japanese females (OR 12.40, 95%CI 7.74-20.00) than in males (OR 6.30, 95%CI 4.99-7.95), whereas the strength of the association was almost similar in French students (OR 2.17, 95%CI 0.86-5.47 in males, OR 2.98, 95%CI 2.03-4.38 in females). Conclusions: Depressive symptoms were associated with self-rated health among University students in both countries with slightly differences in sex. Self-rated health would be a simple, reliable and universal indicator for healthcare professionals and University staff to identify students at risk of depression.