gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A dynamic penetrometer for rapid assessment of seafloor parameters (1994)

Information on geoacoustic and geotechnical parameters of the seafloor is important in sonar performance evaluation as well as in engineering applications. Since measurement of these parameters using traditional methods usually involves some rather elaborate experimental procedures, there is the need for a simple system that can remotely measure some of these parameters from a moving ship or aircraft. To accomplish this a new technique using a probe similar to the expendable bathythermograph (XBT) has been developed wherein the thermistor used to measure water temperature is replaced by an accelerometer. When the probe first impacts the bottom there is rapid deceleration controlled by the shear strength of the sediment, followed by a period of damped oscillation with frequency dependent on the geoacoustic properties of the sediment. Thus when the impact signature is fully analyzed it is possible to obtain information on both the shearing strength of the bottom as well as the geoacoustic properties. At present a series of laboratory and field tests are being carried out in a cooperative program at Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory and SACLANT Centre. Preliminary results of this work are presented in this paper. [Work supported by ONR.]
SimPO: Simultaneous Prediction and Optimization (2022)

Many machine learning (ML) models are integrated within the context of a larger system as part of a key component for decision making processes. Concretely, predictive models are often employed in estimating the parameters for the input values that are utilized for optimization models as isolated processes. Traditionally, the predictive models are built first, then the model outputs are used to generate decision values separately. However, it is often the case that the prediction values that are trained independently of the optimization process produce sub-optimal solutions. In this paper, we propose a formulation for the Simultaneous Prediction and Optimization (SimPO) framework. This framework introduces the use of a joint weighted loss of a decision-driven predictive ML model and an optimization objective function, which is optimized end-to-end directly through gradient-based methods.
The Influence of the Designer on the Risk of Falling from Heights and of Exposure to Excessive Workloads on two Contruction Sites (2012)

Workers on construction sites are exposed to an excessive risk of being injured at work. This study identifies occupational hazards on two construction sites – hazards that were related to the design of the building – and undertakes an analysis of the basis upon which related design decisions were made.Risks of falling from heights were related to the shape of the building. Risks related to an excessive workload were related to the weight of building products and possibilities to use equipment to avoid manual transports.The hazards were discussed at focus group meetings. During these meetings, the participants showed an increased understanding of safety issues in the project, each other's views and difficulties, and their own ability to facilitate acceptable risk levels for others.Some hazards were not foreseen during the design and planning phase. According to the architects, their knowledge about construction methods was not sufficient to predict hazards related to the shape of the building.Other hazards were foreseen, though considered to be primarily the contractor's responsibility. Consultants in the design and planning phase, on behalf of the client, were focused on quality, time schedule and economy, more than on occupational safety. There were building products on the market which were designed to fulfil functional regulatory requirements and requests from consumers, but not sufficient enough to ensure that they could be handled without exposure to an excessive workload. The demands and routines in the project did not ensure that project-specific hazard information was given to the contractor.
A Computational Method to Extract Macroscopic Variables and Their Dynamics in Multiscale Systems (2014)

This paper introduces coordinate-independent methods for analyzing multiscale dynamical systems using numerical techniques based on the transfer operator and its adjoint. In particular, we present a method for testing whether an arbitrary dynamical system exhibits multiscale behavior and for estimating the time-scale separation. For systems with such behavior, we establish techniques for analyzing the fast dynamics in isolation, extracting slow variables for the system, and accurately simulating these slow variables at a large time step. We illustrate our method with numerical examples and show how the reduced slow dynamics faithfully represents statistical features of the full dynamics which are not coordinate dependent.
Cutaneous erysipeloid metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma and evaluation by in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (2018)

Cutaneous metastases are relatively uncommon, occurring in only 0.7% to 9% of all internal malignancies.1 Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare bile duct neoplasm that accounts for less than 2% of maligancies.2 Although it is well known that cholangiocarcinoma metastasizes to the lungs, liver, peritoneum, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes,2 a retrospective review of the literature from 1978 to 2014 indicates only 30 cases of cutaneous cholangiocarcinoma, with 17 cases presenting without concurrent metastasis in other sites.
Durability and mechanistic characteristics of fiber reinforced soil–cement mixtures (2006)

Over the years, field experiments and research information have been collected and studied on the behavior of soil–cement mixtures, and quite a few studies have been conducted for fiber reinforcement in soil–cement mixtures. This research study focuses on the laboratory durability and mechanistic evaluation of soil–cement mixtures reinforced with Processed Cellulose fibers (PCFs) and polypropylene fibers (PFs). Four soil types from various project sites in the state of Louisiana were acquired. Laboratory tests including the durability, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), indirect tensile strength (ITS), and indirect tensile cyclic load tests (ITCTs) were conducted. The results indicated that the mechanistic characteristics of the soil–cement–fiber mixtures were functions of fiber dosage, soil type and curing time. In general, the durability, UCS, ITS and fracture toughness, and resilient modulus values of soil–cement–fiber mixtures either remained the same or were greater than soil–cement mixtures. Moreover, the horizontal plastic deformation (HPD) rate was significantly lower for soil–cement–fiber mixtures. The implication of the results is that the fiber reinforcement at optimum fiber percentage may resist the tensile or shrinkage crack formation in the soil–cement mixtures for road bases thereby, improving the structural capacity and performance of pavements.
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanoid‐Induced Shifts and Relaxation Rate Enhancements (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Practical Route to Pyrazines and Quinoxalines, and an Unusual Synthesis of Benzimidazoles (2007)

1,2-Dicarbonyl compounds can be accessed by a radical addition-transfer of xanthates and used for the synthesis of pyrazines and quinoxalines, as well as in an unusual approach to benzimidazoles.
Postpartum Diabetes Screening in Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes (2005)

In the population studied, only 37% of women with a history of GDM were screened for postpartum DM according to guidelines published by the American Diabetes Association. Efforts to improve postpartum DM screening in this high-risk group are warranted.
A Simple Synthetic Approach to Trachylobane, Beyerane, and Atisane Diterpenoids from Carvone (2001)

A stereoselective general synthetic approach to trachylobane-, beyerane-, and atisane-type polycyclic diterpenoids from carvone is described. Key steps in this approach are an IMDA reaction, an intramolecular diazo ketone cyclopropanation of an unsaturated ketone, and a controlled regioselective opening of a cyclopropyldiketone moiety.
DNS of Turbulent Drag Reduction with Wall Actuators (1999)

A simple control algorithm to determine wall deformation with wall variables is investigated based on physical arguments of turbulent coherent structure near the wall. It is found that the spanwise gradients of wall shear stresses are good indicators of a strong quasi-streamwise vortex associated with a meandering streak. The performance of the proposed feedback control through sensing the wall variables and using arrayed deformable actuators is examined by direct numerical simulation of turbulent channel flow. The mean friction drag is found to be reduced by about 10%. The conditional averaged spatio-temporal flow field is calculated to investigate phase relationship between the actuator and the quasi-streamwise vortex. The peak / trough of each actuator is connected downwards with the vortex. This suggests a possible control with sparser arrangement of sensors in the streamwise direction.
Ultra wideband microwave imaging and localization for breast cancer (2008)

In this paper, we propose an UWB based multi static imaging technique which seeks to produce images and localize malignant breast tissues by processing the backscattered ultra-wideband (UWB) signals from numerical models of both tumor and normal breast tissues. We demonstrate that standard capon beamforming (SCB) combined with time-of-arrival (TOA) could give some reasonable results for imaging and localisation of breast cancer. The results are based on the ideal case; however it provided a direction for future improvements.
Multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase: domain structure and regulation (1989)

Cells respond to many hormones, neurotransmitters and growth factors by increasing intracellular Ca2+. This second messenger, in turn, affects cellular function via activation of a novel multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. The kinase displays an interesting form of biochemical 'memory'; activation elicits an autophosphorylation which converts it to a Ca2+-independent enzyme that can continue to phosphorylate cellular proteins for some time following termination of the initial Ca2+ stimulus.
Axial Length: A Risk Factor for Cataractogenesis (2006)

Eyes with longer axial lengths have a higher prevalence of cataracts.
Myotonic dystrophy protein kinase is involved in the modulation of the Ca2+ homeostasis in skeletal muscle cells. (1997)

Myotonic dystrophy (DM), the most prevalent muscular disorder in adults, is caused by (CTG)n-repeat expansion in a gene encoding a protein kinase (DM protein kinase; DMPK) and involves changes in cytoarchitecture and ion homeostasis. To obtain clues to the normal biological role of DMPK in cellular ion homeostasis, we have compared the resting [Ca2+]i, the amplitude and shape of depolarization-induced Ca2+ transients, and the content of ATP-driven ion pumps in cultured skeletal muscle cells of wild-type and DMPK[-/-] knockout mice. In vitro-differentiated DMPK[-/-] myotubes exhibit a higher resting [Ca2+]i than do wild-type myotubes because of an altered open probability of voltage-dependent l-type Ca2+ and Na+ channels. The mutant myotubes exhibit smaller and slower Ca2+ responses upon triggering by acetylcholine or high external K+. In addition, we observed that these Ca2+ transients partially result from an influx of extracellular Ca2+ through the l-type Ca2+ channel. Neither the content nor the activity of Na+/K+ ATPase and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase are affected by DMPK absence. In conclusion, our data suggest that DMPK is involved in modulating the initial events of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle.
Conceptual Blending in EL (2016)

The cognitive theory of conceptual blending models human creativity as a mental process that combines two mental spaces into a new mental space, called a blend. According to this theory, a blend is constructed by taking the commonalities among the input mental spaces into account, to form a so-called generic space, and by projecting their non-common structure in a selective way to the novel blended space. In this paper, we apply this idea to blend input spaces modeled as complex EL++ concepts. To construct the generic space of two EL++ concepts, these need to be generalised in a controlled manner. For this, we propose an upward refinement operator that is used for finding common generalisations of EL++ concepts. © 2016, CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.
Inducible adeno-associated virus vectors promote functional angiogenesis in adult organisms via regulated vascular endothelial growth factor expression (2009)

Together, these results clearly indicate that the fine tuning of VEGF expression is required to achieve the formation of a stable vasculature able to sustain functional neovascularization.
Protective Efficacy Induced by Recombinant Clostridium difficile Toxin Fragments (2013)

Clostridium difficile is a spore-forming bacterium that can reside in animals and humans. C. difficile infection causes a variety of clinical symptoms, ranging from diarrhea to fulminant colitis. Disease is mediated by TcdA and TcdB, two large enterotoxins released by C. difficile during colonization of the gut. In this study, we evaluated the ability of recombinant toxin fragments to induce neutralizing antibodies in mice. The protective efficacies of the most promising candidates were then evaluated in a hamster model of disease. While limited protection was observed with some combinations, coadministration of a cell binding domain fragment of TcdA (TcdA-B1) and the glucosyltransferase moiety of TcdB (TcdB-GT) induced systemic IgGs which neutralized both toxins and protected vaccinated animals from death following challenge with two strains of C. difficile. Further characterization revealed that despite high concentrations of toxin in the gut lumens of vaccinated animals during the acute phase of the disease, pathological damage was minimized. Assessment of gut contents revealed the presence of TcdA and TcdB antibodies, suggesting that systemic vaccination with this pair of recombinant polypeptides can limit the disease caused by toxin production during C. difficile infection.
A first look at mobile Ad-Blocking apps (2017)

Online advertisers, third party trackers and analytics services are constantly tracking user activities as they access web services through their web browsers or mobile apps. While, web browser plugins disabling and blocking Ads (often associated tracking/analytics scripts), e.g. AdBlock Plus[3] have been well studied and are relatively well understood, an emerging new category of apps in the tracking mobile eco-system, referred as the mobile Ad-Blocking apps, received very little to no attention. With the recent significant increase of the number of mobile Ad-Blockers and the exponential growth of mobile Ad-Blocking apps' popularity, this paper aims to fill in the gap and study this new category of players in the mobile ad/tracking eco-system. This paper presents the first study of Android Ad-Blocking apps (or Ad-Blockers), analysing 97 Ad-Blocking mobile apps extracted from a corpus of more than 1.5 million Android apps on Google Play. While the main (declared) purpose of the apps is to block advertisements and mobile tracking services, our data analysis revealed the paradoxical presence of third-party tracking libraries and permissions to access sensitive resources on users' mobile devices, as well as the existence of embedded malware code within some mobile Ad-Blockers. We also analysed user reviews and found that even though a fraction of users raised concerns about the privacy and the actual performance of the mobile Ad-Blocking apps, most of the apps still attract a relatively high rating.
The effects of added gases in the sputter deposition of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ thin films (1993)

YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ thin films have been deposited on MgO substrates by off-axis magnetron sputtering in argon, oxygen, and an additional gas. Additions of nitrogen, hydrogen, methane, air, and water vapor in amounts of up to 25% were used in this investigation. Each gas stabilized the target voltage and growth rate for the duration of the deposition. Growth rates improved by over 50% with as little as 3% hydrogen. When used with a target which had degraded after more than 150 h of use, the added gas improved T/sub c/ and J/sub c/ beyond levels attained from the new target. T/sub c/ increased from 82 K without hydrogen to 89 K with hydrogen and J/sub c/ (12 K) from 3*10/sup 4/ to >7*10/sup 6/ A/cm/sup 2/. Nitrogen yielded less dramatic effects. These improvements are attributed to the catalytic effect of these gases in maintaining elevated levels of atomic oxygen during film growth. >
SITA standard in optic neuropathies and hemianopias: a comparison with full threshold testing. (2001)

Sensitivities were higher in patients with hemianopias or optic neuropathies using SITA standard compared with FT by approximately 1 dB. The probability plot comparison suggests SITA standard is at least as good as FT for detection of visual loss in individual examinations. However, efficacy of SITA standard for serial examinations has not yet been evaluated.
Atg7 Induces Basal Autophagy and Rescues Autophagic Deficiency in CryAB R120G Cardiomyocytes (2011)

Atg7 induces basal autophagy, rescues the CryAB(R120G) autophagic deficiency, and attenuates the accumulation of misfolded proteins and aggregates in cardiomyocytes.
Roles for jasmonate- and ethylene-induced transcription factors in the ability of Arabidopsis to respond differentially to damage caused by two insect herbivores (2014)

Plant responses to insects and wounding involve substantial transcriptional reprogramming that integrates hormonal, metabolic, and physiological events. The ability to respond differentially to various stresses, including wounding, generally involves hormone signaling and trans-acting regulatory factors. Evidence of the importance of transcription factors (TFs) in responses to insects is also accumulating. However, the relationships among hormone signaling, TF activity, and ability to respond specifically to different insects are uncertain. We examined transcriptional and hormonal changes in Arabidopsis thaliana after herbivory by larvae of two lepidopteran species, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) and Pieris rapae L. over a 24-h time course. Transcriptional responses to the two insects differed and were frequently weaker or absent in response to the specialist P. rapae. Using microarray analysis and qRT-PCR, we found 141 TFs, including many AP2/ERFs (Ethylene Response Factors) and selected defense-related genes, to be differentially regulated in response to the two insect species or wounding. Jasmonic Acid (JA), JA-isoleucine (JA-IL), and ethylene production by Arabidopsis plants increased after attack by both insect species. However, the amounts and timing of ethylene production differed between the two herbivory treatments. Our results support the hypothesis that the different responses to these two insects involve modifications of JA-signaling events and activation of different subsets of ERF TFs, resulting in different degrees of divergence from responses to wounding alone.
Techniques in liver surgery (1997)

Techniques in liver surgery , Techniques in liver surgery , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Dynamic optoelectric trapping and deposition of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (2016)

In the path toward the realization of carbon nanotube (CNT)-driven electronics and sensors, the ability to precisely position CNTs at well-defined locations remains a significant roadblock. Highly complex CNT-based bottom-up structures can be synthesized if there is a method to accurately trap and place these nanotubes. In this study, we demonstrate that the rapid electrokinetic patterning (REP) technique can accomplish these tasks. By using laser-induced alternating current (AC) electrothermal flow and particle-electrode forces, REP can collect and maneuver a wide range of vertically aligned multiwalled CNTs (from a single nanotube to over 100 nanotubes) on an electrode surface. In addition, these trapped nanotubes can be electrophoretically deposited at any desired location onto the electrode surface. Apart from active control of the position of these deposited nanotubes, the number of CNTs in a REP trap can also be dynamically tuned by changing the AC frequency or by adjusting the concentration of the dispersed nanotubes. On the basis of a calculation of the stiffness of the REP trap, we found an upper limit of the manipulation speed, beyond which CNTs fall out of the REP trap. This peak manipulation speed is found to be dependent on the electrothermal flow velocity, which can be varied by changing the strength of the AC electric field.
Design of parallel transmission radiofrequency pulses robust against respiration in cardiac MRI at 7 Tesla (2014)

A new pTX RF pulse design robust against respiration induced variations of B1(+)/B0 maps is demonstrated and is expected to have a positive impact on cardiac MRI in breath-hold, free-breathing, and real-time acquisitions.
A Framework for Testing and Monitoring Security Policies: Application to an Electronic Voting System (2018)

Testing and monitoring the effectiveness of security policies under pervasive system architectures is still a major challenging problem for the research community as well as industrials. The inherent characteristics of these systems such as the heterogeneous communicating devices and the multiple used technologies make the burden more overwhelming when dealing with security measures and policies. This paper aims to bridge this gap through the introduction of a formal design of security policies to make security monitoring operation more efficient. Hence, a formal framework is proposed to actively test web-based systems, as an example of these pervasive architectures. The goal of our technique is to check the compliance of the targeted web application to a set of generic security requirements such as confidentiality, integrity and availability as well as to a set of user-related security constraints. Our approach has been applied to a real industrial electronic voting application provided by the Scytl company. Several experiments show the merit of our technique in verifying the correctness of security measures of the targeted application. This framework is part of the INTER-TRUST solution intended to ensure secure inter-operation between communicating systems and provide solutions to test and monitor them.