gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Working Mechanism of Organic Friction Modifiers on Steel and Paper Materials (2016)

The effect of organic Friction Modifiers (FMs) on friction properties at steel and paper clutch materials is investigated, and their working mechanisms are assessed by the observation of reaction and adsorption films formed on the surface.&#13;\nFMs are essential additives for drivetrain lubricants to manage friction properties. Recently developed fuel efficient transmission systems such as Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) require precise and complicated friction control. As a result it is extremely important for the detailed behaviour of the FMs and in particular their reactions with the surfaces to be elucidated.&#13;\nIn this study, friction properties of organic friction modifiers, oleic acid, oleyl alcohol and glycerol mono-oleate, were evaluated by TE77 and MTM using steel and paper specimens, which simulate two major components of CVT; a steel belt-pulley mechanism and a paper clutch system. The surface films on the post-test materials were studied by SEM, EDX, XPS and ATR-FTIR to assess the influence of the FMs.&#13;\nThe results indicate that the friction properties are strongly affected by the substrate material and test temperature as well as the chemical structure of the FMs. In addition, interactions between the FMs and the other additives play an important role for the friction modification mechanism. In order to discuss the working mechanism of the FMs, the relationship between the friction properties and the chemical nature of the surface films was considered. Furthermore, the chemical structure of the FMs and its formulation suitable for CVT fluids are discussed.
Training Psychiatric Nurses — a Re-Evaluation (1957)

FrenchLe milieu thérapeutique est bénéficiable à tous les malades et constitue souvent le seul traitement du patient passé à la chronicité. La création de ce milieu est la tâche de l'infirmière psychiatrique. Nous sommes d'avis que la pratique infirmière qui inclut des éléments de soins généraux et de soins psychiatriques, impose à l'infirmière un effort considérable et que l'entrainement pour ce double rôle n'est pas économique pour l'hôpital.Comme les échanges et l'action unifiée entre les médecins et gardes-malades sont essentiels à la création d'un milieu thérapeutique, nous sommes d'avis qu'il est important que les infirmières psychiatriques incorporent les mêmes sciences de base que celles utilisées par le psychiatre dans son effort pour établir un milieu thérapeutique. Le psychiâtre ne peut pas investiguer et solutionner tous les problèmes de salle. Il est important que l'infirmière sache utiliser les connaissances qu'on lui a enseignées. Il est aussi important que l'infirmière ait la possibilité de décider ce qui lui semble judicieux. Les façons traditionnelles de réagir aux patients, même si elles sont bonnes et humanitaires, doivent être remplacées par l'utilisation rationnelle des connaissances scientifiques pour solutionner les problèmes se rapportant aux patients. Une telle révolution dans les attitudes et les méthodes ne peut être réussie que grâce aux échanges entre les infirmières et les personnes respectées qui utilisent et encouragent une telle approche.
NF-κB Activation Mediates Doxorubicin-induced Cell Death in N-type Neuroblastoma Cells (2001)

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. N-type neuroblastoma cells (represented by SH-SY5Y and IMR32 cell lines) are characterized by a neuronal phenotype. N-type cell lines are generally N-myc amplified, express the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and do not express caspase-8. The present study was designed to determine the mechanism by which N-type cells die in response to specific cytotoxic agents (such as cisplatin and doxorubicin) commonly used to treat this disease. We found that N-type cells were equally sensitive to cisplatin and doxorubicin. Yet death induced by cisplatin was inhibited by the nonselective caspase inhibitor z-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone or the specific caspase-9 inhibitor N-acetyl-Leu-Glu-His-Asp-aldehyde, whereas in contrast, caspase inhibition did not prevent doxorubicin-induced death. Neither the reactive oxygen species nor the mitochondrial permeability transition appears to play an important role in this process. Doxorubicin induced NF-kappa B transcriptional activation in association with I-kappa B alpha degradation prior to loss of cell viability. Surprisingly, the antioxidant and NF-kappa B inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate blocked doxorubicin-induced NF-kappa B transcriptional activation and provided profound protection against doxorubicin killing. Moreover, SH-SY5Y cells expressing a super-repressor form of I-kappa B were completely resistant to doxorubicin killing. Together these findings show that NF-kappa B activation mediates doxorubicin-induced cell death without evidence of caspase function and suggest that cisplatin and doxorubicin engage different death pathways to kill neuroblastoma cells.
Predictors of pre-and post-care handwashing among community healthcare providers: a cross-sectional survey in Bangladeshi community clinics (2023)

Abstract Lack of proper handwashing by healthcare providers is the major vector for the spread of nosocomial pathogens in healthcare settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 128 community healthcare providers (CHCPs) in the Kurigram district of Bangladesh to investigate predictors of handwashing before and after clinical care encounters. Data were collected between November and December 2019 via a paper-and-pen based survey using a semi-structured questionnaire. CHCP's pre-care handwashing with soap/antiseptic hand cleaner was predicted by a higher level of education (Unadjusted/Crude odds ratio (COR) = 7.16, 95% CI 2.39–21.40, p = 0.000 and COR = 9.58, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 3.28–27.92, p = 0.000, bachelors and masters, respectively), lengthier service (COR = 6.90, 95% CI 1.40–34.17, p = 0.015 and COR = 7.8, 95% CI 1.49–40.98, p = 0.015, 5–8 and &amp;gt;8 years, respectively), and presence of handwashing facility (COR = 4.48, 95% CI 1.34–14.95, p = 0.015). However, post-care handwashing was also associated with a higher level of education (COR = 13.36, 95% CI 1.54–115.63, p = 0.019, masters) and availability of soap (COR = 17.73, 95% CI 5.03–59.73, p = 0.000), as well as by male sex (COR = 3.14, 95% CI 1.01–9.79, p = 0.049). Implementation of an effective training program on hand hygiene combined with improved access to handwashing stations and adequate supply of soap or antiseptic hand cleaner is required to improve both pre-and post-care clinical encounter handwashing practices among CHCPs.
Joint data aggregation and encryption using Slepian‐Wolf coding for clustered wireless sensor networks (2009)

Abstract This paper proposes a joint data aggregation and encryption scheme using Slepian‐Wolf coding for efficient and secured data transmission in clustered wireless sensor networks (WSNs). We first consider the optimal intra‐cluster rate allocation problem in using Slepian‐Wolf coding for data aggregation, which aims at finding a rate allocation subject to Slepian‐Wolf theorem such that the total energy consumed by all sensor nodes in a cluster for sending encoded data is minimized. Based on the properties of Slepian‐Wolf coding with optimal intra‐cluster rate allocation, a novel encryption mechanism, called spatially selective encryption, is then proposed for data encryption within a single cluster. This encryption mechanism only requires a cluster head to encrypt its data while allowing all its cluster members to send their data without performing any encryption. In this way, the data from all cluster members can be protected as long as the data of the cluster head (called virtual key ) is protected. This can significantly reduce the energy consumption for performing data encryption. Furthermore, an energy‐efficient key establishment protocol is also proposed to securely and efficiently establish the key used for encrypting the data of a cluster head. Simulation results show that the joint data aggregation and encryption scheme can significantly improve energy efficiency in data transmission while providing a high level of data security. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Evaluating Retinal Abnormalities in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis—Reply (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Broad-spectrum antibodies against self-antigens and cytokines in RAG deficiency (2016)

11 and OS-12 were listed twice. The second instances should have been labeled as CID-11 and CID-12, respectively. The correct figure panel is below.
A Sub-Graph Expansion-Contraction Method for Error Floor Computation (2020)

In this paper, we present a computationally efficient method for estimating error floors of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over the binary symmetric channel (BSC) without any prior knowledge of its trapping sets (TSs). Given the Tanner graph G of a code, and the decoding algorithm V, the method starts from a list of short cycles in G, and expands each cycle by including its sufficiently large neighborhood in G. Variable nodes of the expanded sub-graphs EXP are then corrupted exhaustively by all possible error patterns, and decoded by V operating on EXP. Union of support of the error patterns for which V fails on each EXP defines a subset of variable nodes that is a TS. The knowledge of the minimal error patterns and their strengths in each TSs is used to compute an estimation of the frame error rate. This estimation represents the contribution of error events localized on TSs, and therefore serves as an accurate estimation of the error floor performance of V at low BSC cross-over probabilities. We also discuss trade-offs between accuracy and computational complexity. Our analysis shows that in some cases the proposed method provides a million-fold improvement in computational complexity over standard Monte-Carlo simulation.
Two Rapid Catalyst-Free Click Reactions for In Vivo Protein Labeling of Genetically Encoded Strained Alkene/Alkyne Functionalities (2014)

Detailed kinetic analyses of inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder cycloaddition and nitrilimine-alkene/alkyne 1,3-diploar cycloaddition reactions were conducted and the reactions were applied for rapid protein bioconjugation. When reacted with a tetrazine or a diaryl nitrilimine, strained alkene/alkyne entities including norbornene, trans-cyclooctene, and cyclooctyne displayed rapid kinetics. To apply these “click” reactions for site-specific protein labeling, five tyrosine derivatives that contain a norbornene, trans-cyclooctene, or cyclooctyne entity were genetically encoded into proteins in Escherichia coli using an engineered pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase-tRNA(CUA)(Pyl) pair. Proteins bearing these noncanonical amino acids were successively labeled with a fluorescein tetrazine dye and a diaryl nitrilimine both in vitro and in living cells.
An Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy System for Breast Cancer Detection (2007)

This paper describes Rensselaer's ACT 4 electrical impedance tomography system which has been developed for breast cancer detection. ACT 4 acquires electrical impedance data at a set of discrete frequencies in the range from 3.33 kHz to 1 MHz and can support up to 72 electrodes. The instrument applies either voltages or currents to all the electrodes simultaneously and measures the resulting currents and/or voltages. Radiolucent electrode arrays are applied to the compression plates of an x-ray mammography system for collecting impedance data in register with x-ray images. The analog front-end electronics are supported with a distributed digital system, including a computer, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) and Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). A Microsoft Visual C/C++ -based user interface controls the system operation. The overall system architecture is presented as well as performance results.
Hardware Trojan attacks in embedded memory (2018)

Embedded memory, typically implemented with Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) technology, is an integral part of modern processors and System-on-Chips (SoCs). The reliability and integrity of embedded SRAM arrays are essential to ensure dependable and trustworthy computing. In the past, significant research has been conducted to develop automated test algorithms aimed at comprehensively detecting SRAM faults. While such tests have advanced our ability to detect manufacturing imperfection induced faults, they cannot ensure detection of deliberately implemented design modifications, also known as hardware Trojans, in an SRAM array by untrusted entities in the design and fabrication flow. Indeed, these attacks constitute an emerging concern, since they can affect the integrity of fabricated ICs and cause severe consequences in the field. While a growing body of research addresses Trojan attacks in logic circuits, little to no research has explored these attacks in embedded memory arrays. In this paper, for the first time to our knowledge, we propose a new class of hardware Trojans targeting embedded SRAM arrays. The Trojans are designed to evade industry standard post-manufacturing memory tests (e.g. March test) while enabling targeted data tampering after deployment. We demonstrate various forms of Trojan circuits in SRAM that cause diverse malicious effects and have diverse activation conditions while incurring minimal overhead in power, performance, and stability. Further, the proposed layouts preserve the SRAM cell footprint and incur negligible silicon area overhead.
Quantitative Analysis of Oligonucleotides by Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (1996)

Quantitative aspects of oligonucleotide analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry remain largely unexplored relative to the efforts that have been devoted to quantitative peptide and protein analysis. The successful quantitation of these other biopolymers coupled with the potential of rapid nucleic acid analysis by desorption/ionization techniques prompted the present investigation into quantifying mixed base oligonucleotides of intermediate molecular weights. This report describes the concentration-dependent desorption/ionization of a 21-base oligonucleotide (MW 6361) using a 36-base oligonucleotide (MW 11 131) as an internal standard. Peak height and peak area ratios (analyte to internal standard) varied linearly as a function of oligonucleotide concentration (R2 = 0.966 and 0.991, respectively). The linearity of response extended over nearly three orders of magnitude, from 0.125 to 100 pmol of analyte applied. The use of an internal standard improved the linearity of the calibration curve and reduced relative standard deviations. These results demonstrate for the first time the quantitation of medium size oligonucleotides using MALDI.
Tuning catalyst solubility in CO2by changing molar volume (2010)

Abstract Poor-solvating property of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) has been a great challenge, which limits the use of CO2 as a common “green” solvent. The present report describes that by increasing molar volume (v) and lowering the melting temperature, which lowers cohesive energy density or solubility parameter (δ), it is possible to increase the solubility of metal-based catalysts in scCO2 without using costly fluorinated or tailor-made CO2-philic modifications. We have studied various chlorodistannoxanes (1) and Cu–β-diketonates (2) to support our views. The study of bio-diesel production and transesterification of hindered esters using 1 in scCO2 shows a 2–8-folds rate enhancement coupled with an easier catalyst and product separation than that in organic solvents. The methodology, which works at least within the range of Van der Waals sphere of interactions, can be useful to solubilizing the molecules in scCO2 and carries great opportunity in catalysis as well as in separation science.
The prognostic relevance of HER2-positivity gain in metastatic breast cancer in the ChangeHER trial (2021)

In metastatic breast cancer (mBC), the change of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status between primary and metastatic lesions is widely recognized, however clinical implications are unknown. Our study address the question if relevant differences exist between subjects who preserve the HER2 status and those who gain the HER2 positivity when relapsed. Data of patients affected by HER2-positive mBC, treated with pertuzumab and/or trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) in a real-world setting at 45 Italian cancer centers were retrospectively collected and analyzed. From 2003 to 2017, 491 HER2-positive mBC patients were included. Of these, 102 (20.7%) had been initially diagnosed as HER2-negative early BC. Estrogen and/or progesterone receptor were more expressed in patients with HER2-discordance compared to patients with HER2-concordant status (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.006, respectively). HER2-discordant tumors were characterized also by a lower rate of brain metastases (p = 0.01) and a longer disease free interval (p < 0.0001). Median overall survival was longer, although not statistically significant, in the subgroup of patients with HER2-discordant cancer with respect to patients with HER2-concordant status (140 vs 78 months, p = 0.07). Our findings suggest that patients with HER2-positive mBC with discordant HER2 status in early BC may have different clinical, biological and prognostic behavior compared to HER2-concordant patients.
Introduction to Quasielastic Neutron Scattering (2010)

Abstract This tutorial introduction has been written for people who are not specialized in neutron scattering or in other scattering methods but who are interested and would like to get an impression and learn about the method of Quasielastic Neutron Scattering (QENS). The theoretical (scattering process) as well as the experimental basics (neutron sources, neutron scattering instruments, experimental periphery) are explained in a generally understandable way, with only the most essential formulas. QENS addresses the stochastic dynamics in condensed matter, and it is pointed out for which problems and for which systems in condensed matter research QENS is a powerful method. Thus sufficient information is provided to enable non-experts to think about their own QENS experiment and to understand related literature in this area of research.
Reproduction expérimentale de la méningo-encéphalomyélite animale par l’arbovirus West-Nile IV. — Recherche des réservoirs de virus. Inoculation au Mouton et au Porc (1972)

Oudar Jean, Joubert L., Lapras Michel, Hannoun Claude, Guillon J.-C. Reproduction expérimentale de la méningo-encéphalomyélite animale par l’arbovirus West-Nile IV. — Recherche des réservoirs de virus. Inoculation au Mouton et au Porc. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 125 n°4, 1972. pp. 195-206.
APPLICATION OF GAGE RESTRAINT MEASURING SYSTEM DATA (1998)

Automated track inspection vehicles are used successfully to determine the suitability of track to meet service demands. Data is typically recorded over long sections of track for inspection requirements and in areas where track condition is considered questionable according to track/maintenance personnel. However, inconsistencies in data alignment, bias, and quality have made it difficult to utilize the automated inspection results as a tool in maintenance planning. Using data acquired with the Gage Restraint Measurement System (GRMS) over a period of 9 years, the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center has developed techniques to align data from run to run over the same segment of track, smooth the data, and eliminate bias within each individual run. Results from successive runs at the same location can be used to determine track condition degradation rates and aid in prioritizing maintenance activities. This paper gives examples of GRMS data indicating various types of gage restraint degradation and shows how the data can be used in maintenance planning.
Obstacle Detection, Depth Estimation And Warning System For Visually Impaired People (2019)

The work aims to develop a system which assists the blind people in sensing and identifying obstacles on their way. It also estimates the distance towards them. We use Yolov2 to train the system. With this, an image description is produced along with its distance from the person. The system would then present the person with an appropriate audio response. The range information is obtained by merging the output of object detector with that of an ultrasonic sensor mounted on an Auridino Uno. We evaluated the system both indoors as well as outdoors. The system can detect the object using the pre-trained deep neural network with 97% accuracy. We want to extend this work into a portable device like mobile phone by transfer learning of the model. The proposed system can identify more object categories along with depth estimation, with reasonable accuracy, while others can identify only the presence of an obstacle.
Intranasal steroid sprays in the treatment of rhinitis: is one better than another? (2003)

The treatment of allergic rhinitis has been revolutionized by the introduction of topical nasal steroids, which are one of the commonest prescriptions from otolaryngology departments. With so many different sprays available on the market, the literature was reviewed for the efficacy, side-effect profile and relative cost of each product and the following conclusions made: (1) A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy of intranasal corticosteroids and oral antihistamines in the treatment of allergic rhinitis showed a clear benefit in favour of intranasal steroids in relieving nasal symptoms. (2) There is no clear evidence to support the suggestion that one steroid spray is more effective than another in the treatment of seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis. (3) All the sprays have a similar side-effect profile; the commonest being epistaxis with a reported incidence between 17 and 23 per cent. In all the clinical trials, the placebo spray had an appreciable rate of epistaxis of between 10 to 15 per cent. (4) Fluticasone causes a reduction in endogenous cortisol secretion but no significant adrenal suppression was seen with triamcinolone, beclomethasone, budesonide or mometasone. (5) There is little evidence that skeletal growth is restricted by the administration of topical nasal steroid sprays. (6) There is considerable variation in the daily cost of each spray. Beclomethasone, dexamethasone and budesonide are significantly cheaper than fluticasone, mometasone or triamcinolone.
Birkeland's electromagnetic gun: a historical review (1989)

After a brief biography of K.B. Birkeland, the author describes Birkeland's electromagnetic gun project and provides details of the so-called Gala lecture at the University of Oslo on Feb. 6, 1903, when Birkeland officially demonstrated his gun. The future potential of Birkeland's gun for mass transport and rocket launches is also examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>