gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Living donor liver transplantation in treating glycogen storage disease type Ia (2015)

Objective
To investigate living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for glycogen storage disease type Ⅰa (GSD Ⅰa).


Method
From March 2012 to December 2014, 4 children (2 males and 2 females) were diagnosed as GSD Ⅰa and they all received LDLT in our center. Among them, 1 was judged as Child-Pugh stage A and 3 as stage B. All patients received grafts from their parents. The median age of all patients was 7.5 years (1.0 to 13.5 years) and their median follow-up time was 13 months (7 to 35 months).


Result
All patients had normal serum glucose level without any dietary treatment immediately after transplantation. Liver function returned to normal within 2 weeks after liver transplantation. The metabolic disorder was corrected and liver function stayed normal during the follow-up period. In 2 patients who had the follow-up time more than one year, serum hemoglobin level was increased. The anemia was corrected from one year after liver transplantation. Development was improved in all patients to some extent, but at 18th month after transplantation, no patient reached the average developmental level of normal population. Two patients suffered from acute graft rejection and cytomegalovirus infection, and 1 patient from catheter related infection. All of them were cured. In 1 patient, serum creatinine was increased at 6th month after liver transplantation. The dose of mycophenolate mofetil was increased and that of tacrolimus decreased. The kidney function of this patient returned to the normal level two weeks later.


Conclusion
The primary indications for liver transplantation in GSD Ⅰa patients are suspicion of hepatocellular carcinoma, severe metabolic derangement and growth retardation. All donors and recipients recovered satisfactorily. LDLT is an effective way for the treatment of GSD Ⅰa. After LT, the deranged glucose metabolism was corrected and development was improved. However, due to the expression of mutated gene G6PC in the kidney and renal toxicity of immunosuppressant, the kidney function of GSD Ⅰa patients after LT should be closely monitored.


Key words: 
Pediatric; Glycogen storage disease; Liver transplantation; Outcome
A histological and immunohistochemical study on human penile cavernosal tissue with viewpoints of venogenic erectile dysfunction (2011)

Objective To determine the histological and immunohistochemical alterations of human penile cavernosal tissue in venogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) compared with potent controls regarding collagen fibres, elastic fibres, smooth muscle content and inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) expression. Materials and methods Cavernous biopsies were obtained from four potent men (two with penile fracture and two with congenital penile curvature) regarded as controls and from 15 patients with venogenic ED undergoing implantation of penile prosthesis. The specimens obtained were subjected to haematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome and orcein stains and antismooth muscle α-actin and i-NOS immunostaining. Evaluation was carried out using computerized morphometric analysis and results were statistically compared. Results A significant increase of collagen fibres with reduced smooth muscle and elastic fibre content was shown in patients with venogenic ED compared with controls. There was also an increased expression of i-NOS immuonoreactivity. Conclusion Histological alterations of cavernosal tissue structure in venogenic ED point to progressive fibrosis. Early diagnosis by penile biopsy may help to combat fibrosis and preserve the integrity of erectile tissue and accordingly the penile erection.
Explainable weakly-supervised learning for optical biomarker discovery in multiphoton virtual histology (2022)

We present a weakly-supervised deep learning framework for human breast cancer-related optical biomarker discovery based on label-free autofluorescence multiharmonic (SLAM) microscopy. This framework consists of three stages: self-supervised consistency training for image representation learning at multiple scales; cancer region identification by weakly-supervised Multiple Instance Learning (MIL); optical biomarker discovery based on channel-wise attribution maps. Currently, the model has achieved an average AUC of 0.86 on the breast cancer global detection task. The attribution maps on different scales highlight distinct structures in SLAM which facilitate new insights into tumor micro-environment and field cancerization.
ISOMORPHISM, ISOSTERISM AND COVALENCE. (1919)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTISOMORPHISM, ISOSTERISM AND COVALENCE.Irving LangmuirCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1919, 41, 10, 1543–1559Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1919Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1919https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02231a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02231a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1755Altmetric-Citations183LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigating Evoked EEG Responses to Targets Presented in Virtual Reality (2019)

Virtual reality (VR) offers the potential to study brain function in complex, ecologically realistic environments. However, the additional degrees of freedom make analysis more challenging, particularly with respect to evoked neural responses. In this paper we designed a target detection task in VR where we varied the visual angle of targets as subjects moved through a three dimensional maze. We investigated how the latency and shape of the classic P300 evoked response varied as a function of locking the electroencephalogram data to the target image onset, the target-saccade intersection, and the first fixation on the target. We found, as expected, a systematic shift in the timing of the evoked responses as a function of the type of response locking, as well as a difference in the shape of the waveforms. Interestingly, single-trial analysis showed that the peak discriminability of the evoked responses does not differ between image locked and saccade locked analysis, though it decreases significantly when fixation locked. These results suggest that there is a spread in the perception of visual information in VR environments across time and visual space. Our results point to the importance of considering how information may be perceived in naturalistic environments, specifically those that have more complexity and higher degrees of freedom than in traditional laboratory paradigms.
Taurine transport dysfunction in isoproterenol-induced rat myocardial hypertrophy (2001)

AIM To observe myocardial taurine transport in the isoproterenol(Iso) induced rats. METHODS Taurine content was determined with a amino acid analyser. Myocardial 3H taurine uptake and release, sarcolemma 3H taurine bound were determined by 3H taurine incubation. RESULTS Compared with control, the plasma and myocardium taurine concent increased by 49%(P0 01) and decreased by 35% (P0 01), respectively. The uptake of myocardial 3H taurine reduced, whereas H taurine release increased. The maximal bound velocity(B max ) was deceased by 45% (P0 05). There were no significant changes in the K d value. CONCLUSION There is the impediment of taurine transport in the Iso induced myocardial hypertrophy, that exogenous taurine can efficiently prevent myocardial injury.
Isoflavone-deprived soy peptide suppresses mammary tumorigenesis by inducing apoptosis (2009)

During carcinogenesis, NF-gammaB mediates processes associated with deregulation of the normal control of proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Thus, suppression of NF-gammaB has been linked with chemoprevention of cancer. Accumulating findings reveal that heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone and a component of the IgammaB kinase (IKK) complex that plays a central role in NF-gammaB activation. HSP90 also stabilizes key proteins involved in cell cycle control and apoptosis signaling. We have determined whether the exogenous administration of isoflavone-deprived soy peptide prevents 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary tumorigenesis and investigated the mechanism of action. Dietary administration of soy peptide (3.3 g/rat/day) significantly reduced the incidence of ductal carcinomas (50%), the number of tumors per multiple tumor-bearing rats (49%; P<0.05), and extended the latency period of tumor development (8.07+/-0.92 weeks) compared to control diet animals (10.80+/-1.30; P<0.05). Our results have further demonstrated that soy peptide (1) dramatically inhibits the expression of HSP90, thereby suppressing signaling pathway leading to NF-gammaB activation; (2) induces expression of p21, p53, and caspase-3 proteins; and (3) inhibits expression of VEGF. In agreement with our in vivo data, soy peptide treatment inhibited the growth of human breast MCF-7 tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis. Taken together, our in vivo and in vitro results suggest chemopreventive and tumor suppressive functions of isoflavone-deprived soy peptide by inducing growth arrest and apoptosis.
Estimating Relatedness Between Individuals in General Populations With a Focus on Their Use in Conservation Programs (2006)

Relatedness estimators are widely used in genetic studies, but effects of population structure on performance of estimators, criteria to evaluate estimators, and benefits of using such estimators in conservation programs have to date received little attention. In this article we present new estimators, based on the relationship between coancestry and molecular similarity between individuals, and compare them with existing estimators using Monte Carlo simulation of populations, either panmictic or structured. Estimators were evaluated using statistical criteria and a diversity criterion that minimized relatedness. Results show that ranking of estimators depends on the population structure. An existing estimator based on two-gene and four-gene coefficients of identity performs best in panmictic populations, whereas a new estimator based on coancestry performs best in structured populations. The number of marker alleles and loci did not affect ranking of estimators. Statistical criteria were insufficient to evaluate estimators for their use in conservation programs. The regression coefficient of pedigree relatedness on estimated relatedness (beta2) was substantially lower than unity for all estimators, causing overestimation of the diversity conserved. A simple correction to achieve beta2 = 1 improves both existing and new estimators. Using relatedness estimates with correction considerably increased diversity in structured populations, but did not do so or even decreased diversity in panmictic populations.
Synthesis and crystal structure of a uranyl bichromate, [CH6N3]2[(UO2)(CrO4)(Cr2O7)](H2O) (2006)

Crystals of the first uranyl bichromate, [CH6N3]2[(UO2)(CrO4)(Cr2O7)](H2O), were obtained by evaporation from aqueous solutions. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group $$P\bar 1$$ , a = 7.1829(17), b = 9.304(3), c = 14.884(4) Å, α = 102.43(2)°, β = 97.98(2)°, γ = 101.07(2)°, V = 936.3(5) Å3, Z = 2. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by the full-matrix least-squares method to R 1 = 0.064 (wR 2 = 0.138) for 2225 reflections with |F hkl | ≥ 4σ(|F hkl |). The structure is based on infinite [(UO2)(CrO4)(Cr2O7)]2− chains where [UO7]8− pentagonal bipyramids are linked by tridentate [Cr(1)O4]2− groups and [Cr2O7]2− groups; these chains run along x axis and are oriented parallel to $$(0\bar 11)$$ . Trigonal [CH6N3]+ cations and water molecules are arranged between the chains.
RFID 시스템을 위한 상호 인증 프로토콜 (2008)

RFID란 Radio Frequency Identification의 약자로 식품, 동물, 사물 등 다양한 개체의 정보를 관리, 사용자 인증, 요금 지불 등에 활용될 수 있는 차세대 기술이다. 하지만, RFID에서 사용되는 태그는 극히 제한적인리소스만 사용할 수 있어, 기존의 보안 기법을 지원할 수 없다. 이런 이유로 현재의 RFID 태그는 잠재적으로 많은 위험성을 안고 있으며, 그 결과 태그 소지자의 개인 정보가 유출될 수 있으며 경제적인 손해를 입을 수도 있다. 이러한 보안상의 취약점을 해결하고자, 본 논문에서는 타임 스탬프를 이용하여 태그와 리더 그리고 후미 시스템 간의 상호 인증을 제공하는 프로토콜을 제안한다. 이 프로토콜은 RFID 시스템의 객체인 태그와 리더 그리고 후미(back-end) 서버가 각자 서로를 인증하며, 인증된 객체들 사이에서만 데이터를 주고 받음으로써 불필요한 정보 유출과 태그 복제 등을 방지할 수 있다.
A new approach for scrambling and spreading code reuse in WCDMA networks (2013)

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for addressing both inter-cell interference and handover failure issues in dense WCDMA small cell deployments. This is achieved through an innovative scrambling allocation approach and an efficient spreading code allocation scheme that allow appropriate spatial reuse of resources. The proposed enhancements can be implemented in a centralised or distributed manner, and they are standard compliant. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can significantly mitigate inter-cell interference in both data and control channels, and thus result in enhanced network and user capacity as well as mobility management in dense small cell clusters.
In-Vehicle Networking Technology for 2010 and Beyond (2010)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper is an overview of the current state (calendar year 2010) of in-vehicle multiplexing and what pertinent technologies are emerging. Usage and trends of in-vehicle networking protocols will be presented and categorized. The past few years have seen a large growth in the number and type of communication buses used in automobiles, trucks, construction equipment, and military, among others. Development continues even into boating and recreation vehicles. Areas for discussion will include SAE Class A, B, C, Diagnostics, SafetyBus, Mobile Media, Wireless, and X-by-Wire. All existing mainstream vehicular multiplex protocols (approximately 40) are categorized using the SAE convention as well as categories previously proposed by this author. Top contenders will be pointed out along with a discussion of the protocol in the best position to become the industry standard in each category.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures (2016)

Abstract According to Comite Europeen de Normalisation, robustness is the ability of a structure to withstand events like fire, explosions, impact or the consequences of human error, without being damaged to an extent disproportionate to the original cause. Avoiding the progressive collapse of a building in presence of accidental loading conditions is one of the challenges for the designers. The tie-force method is actually one of the most used design techniques for resisting progressive collapse, whereby a statically indeterminate structure is designed with reference to local simplified models determined in accordance to the failure mode considered. In this work a computational study of a reinforced concrete frame is presented. The structure studied is a beam-column assembly which represents a portion of the structural framing system of a ten-story reinforced concrete frame building and is subjected to distributed loads and to monotonically increasing vertical displacement of the centre column to simulate a column removal scenario.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF BIS(DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATO)NITRIDOTECHNETIUM(V): A TECHNETIUM‐NITROGEN TRIPLE BOND (1981)

Abstract Durch Reduktion von NH 4 TcO 4 mit Hydrazin bei anschließender Reaktion mit Na‐diethyldithiocarbamat wird die Titelverbindung (I) dargestellt.
Microfluidic devices for diagnostic applications (2011)

Microfluidic systems have become an attractive platform for diagnostic applications. The technology not only allows drastically decreased assay volumes (down to picoliters), but also accelerates sample processing and readout. In this article we give an overview of the different kinds of systems, ranging from non- or minimally instrumented point-of-care devices for the detection of pathogens to fully-instrumented cutting-edge technologies such as next-generation sequencing and droplet-based microfluidics. We expect that microfluidic systems will have a major impact on future diagnostic (e.g., disposable devices) and therapeutic approaches (e.g., personalized medicine). Here we summarize current trends and critically review the limitations.
Production of recombinantAgaricus bisporustyrosinase inSaccharomyces cerevisiaecells (2012)

It has been demonstrated that Agaricus bisporus tyrosinase is able to oxidize various phenolic compounds, thus being an enzyme of great importance for a number of biotechnological applications. The tyrosinase-coding PPO2 gene was isolated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using total RNA extracted from the mushroom fruit bodies as template. The gene was sequenced and cloned into pYES2 plasmid, and the resulting pY-PPO2 recombinant vector was then used to transform Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by enzymatic activity staining with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) indicated that the recombinant tyrosinase is biologically active. The recombinant enzyme was overexpressed and biochemically characterized, showing that the catalytic constants of the recombinant tyrosinase were higher than those obtained when a commercial tyrosinase was used, for all the tested substrates. The present study describes the recombinant production of A. bisporus tyrosinase in active form. The produced enzyme has similar properties to the one produced in the native A. bisporus host, and its expression in S. cerevisiae provides good potential for protein engineering and functional studies of this important enzyme.
Application of Electrically Driven Liquid-Liquid Dispersion to Solvent Extraction Using Tri-n-Buthyl Phosphate (1993)

An alternative current (A.C.) electric field was applied to disperse an aqueous phase of nitric acid solution in a solvent extraction system using tri-n-buthyl phosphate (TBP) diluted with n-dodecane.The diameter of the aqueous droplet dispersed through the A.C. electric field showed a log.normal distribution and an average diameter was 0.02 mm in 10 , 0 h TBP.This average diameter is approximately l/10 of the value obtained in the pulsed column which is currently used for nuclear fuel reprocessing.Through a batch-wise extraction experiment of U (\1). it was shown that extraction efficiency increases with frequency of the A.C. electric field.Through another experiment in continuous flow system, it was observed that the entrainment fraction of the aqueous phase into the product flow of an organic phase increases slightly with flow rate ratio, and yet it was found that it can be controled to be less than 0.2.9.;'.The experimental results indicate that application of the A.C. electric field is more suitable for lower TBP concentrations because of the increase of the electric conductivity of organic phase.
Antioxidants, NFκB Activation, and Diabetogenesis (1999)

Abstract. Although many risk factors can trigger the development of insulin‐dependent diabetes (IDDM), it is likely that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in β‐cell death and disease progression. This review will focus on the role of antioxidant defense systems in the susceptibility to IDDM and on ROS as cellular messengers that regulate the expression of genes leading to β‐cell death. Accumulating evidence indicates that increased antioxidant defense systems reduce the susceptibility to IDDM in animal models or in human study. It is suggested that pancreas‐specific ROS productions play a critical role in signaling the cellular autoimmune/inflammatory response by activating the transcription factor, NFκB. Various diabetogenic factors may lead to an increase in ROS production, which activates the redox‐sensitive NFκB. This may be the initial event for the expression of cytokines and chemotactic agents involved in the autoimmune/inflammatory response. It is believed that this cascade results in a cyclic amplification of ROS and eventually leads to apoptosis and/or necrosis of β cells. The specificity of antioxidants to inhibit NFκB activation and the hyperglycemic response emphasizes the importance of selectivity in antioxidant therapy. Research in this area will contribute significantly to our understanding of the cellular and mechanistic role of ROS in the etiology of IDDM and will lead to the development of better prevention strategies.
THYROID-STIMULATING AND LIPOLYTIC ACTIVITIES OF PURIFIED PREPARATIONS OF HUMAN THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE (1972)

SUMMARY A partially purified fraction of human thyroid-stimulating hormone (DEAE-II) was further purified by ion-exchange chromatography on IRC-50, gel-filtration on Sephadex G-100 and finally chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. Two fractions were obtained which were high in thyroid-stimulating activity (8·3 and 7·3 units human Research Standard A/mg) and were comparable in potency to other preparations of the human hormone reported in the literature. They were also electrophoretically heterogeneous as were the preparations of other workers. Lipolytic activity toward cells obtained from human or rat adipose tissue was demonstrated for all fractions containing thyroid-stimulating activity, the two activities being roughly parallel. It is concluded that both thyroid-stimulating and lipolytic activities are probably present in the same protein molecule, but it is unlikely that the latter activity is of physiological significance.
Elevated Maternal Interleukin-8 Levels and Risk of Schizophrenia in Adult Offspring (2004)

Using prospectively collected prenatal sera in a large and well-characterized birth cohort, the authors have documented a significant association between maternal IL-8 level during the second trimester and risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in the offspring. These findings provide further support for a substantive role of in utero infection or inflammation in the etiology of schizophrenia. Moreover, these results may have important implications for elucidating the mechanisms by which disrupted fetal development raises the risk of this disorder.