gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biologic determinants of propranolol disposition: Results from 1308 patients in the beta-blocker heart attack trial* (1985)

Our objective was to identify biologic determinants of propranolol serum levels in 1308 patients after myocardial infarction (MI). Patients had had their MI within the previous month. A steady-state propranolol dosage of 40 mg every 8 hours produced a mean trough concentration of 42 ng/ml with extremely great (fiftyfold) interindividual variability. Univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that this variability was the result of many biologic factors. Serum levels were higher in women, in older patients, and in patients receiving concomitant therapy with other antiarrhythmic drugs. Serum levels were also higher in patients with elevated serum creatinine and lactate dehydrogenase levels. Serum levels were lower in black patients than in white patients. Also, serum levels in smokers were lower than those in nonsmokers, but only markedly so in the outpatient setting (6 months after the MI). The influence of sex and race on drug disposition has not previously been reported for beta-blocking drugs. Although a genetic deficiency in the oxidative metabolism of propranolol has been indicated, the frequency distribution of serum propranolol levels did not demonstrate a bimodal distribution for genetically distinct populations.
Activity Topology Estimation for Large Networks of Cameras (2006)

Estimating the paths that moving objects can take through the fields of view of possibly non-overlapping cameras, also known as their activity topology, is an important step in the effective interpretation of surveillance video. Existing approaches to this problem involve tracking moving objects within cameras, and then attempting to link tracks across views. In contrast we propose an approach which begins by assuming all camera views are potentially linked, and successively eliminates camera topologies that are contradicted by observed motion. Over time, the true patterns of motion emerge as those which are not contradicted by the evidence. These patterns may then be used to initialise a finer level search using other approaches if required. This method thus represents an efficient and effective way to learn activity topology for a large network of cameras, particularly with a limited amount of data.
Tropospheric Effects on Millimeter Wave Propagation. (1980)

The final report gives a summary of all the work completed and under way under this contract covering the period from December 1976 to March 1980. The work covers a broad spectrum including radiometric determination of rain attenuation, wideband millimeter wave communication, effects of transmitter and receiver characteristics, backscattering from turbulence and scatterer, diffusion of pulse in scatterer, and beam waves in random media. The emphasis is directed towards generating new ideas and techniques to solve practical problems. Success in our effort is evidenced by the list of reports and publication. (Author)
Effect of Particle Size on the Microwave Dielectric Properties of Alumina‐Filled PTFE Substrates (2010)

α‐alumina of different particle sizes of 50 nm, 0.4, 3, and 7 μm have been incorporated into the PTFE matrix to prepare flexible composite substrates. A proprietary process comprising of sigma mixing, extrusion, and calendering, followed by hot pressing (SMECH process) has been used to obtain dimensionally stable ceramic‐filled PTFE substrates. Variation of the dielectric constant, loss tangent and moisture absorption of filled PTFE composites has been ascertained as a result of filler loading.
Influencing factors analysis for drinking water steel pipe pitting corrosion using artificial neural network (2023)

Steel is a metal, and thus, it undergoes corrosion over time. The comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing corrosion can aid in developing strategies, such as new ways to avoid corrosive environments. This study explored the factors influencing pitting corrosion in steel water pipes in South Korea between 1988–2020, using artificial neural networks. Partial dependence plots and variable importance are used to identify the degree of influence of the 12 corrosion-influencing factors. Pipe age had the highest importance and strongest influence on corrosion among the corrosion-influencing factors. Soil resistivity strongly influenced external corrosion, especially at values less than 5,000 Ω-cm, and the influence of sulfide concentration on external corrosion was also relatively strong. Water alkalinity exhibited the strongest influence on internal corrosion. This study will serve as reference data for developing corrosion depth prediction models and will contribute to understanding corrosive environments when laying new pipelines and improving existing ones.
Abstract 557: Engineering off-the-shelf anti mesothelin t-cell receptor fusion construct (TRuC™) t-cells (2022)

Abstract We have previously described the generation of autologous T Cell Receptor Fusion Construct (TRuC™) T cells which are engineered to express a fusion protein comprised of an antibody-derived binder tethered to the extracellular domain of the CD3ε signaling subunit. Upon integration of the TRuC into the T cell receptor (TCR), it targets specific tumor surface antigens independent of HLA and uses the complete receptor complex to trigger a comprehensive T cell response. Here, we report about engineering of off-the-shelf TRuC-T cells directed against mesothelin (MSLN). To eliminate the alloreactivity of α/β T cells and reduce the risk of graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD), the TRAC locus is knocked-out. To enable the re-assembly of the TCR, the endogenous TCRα and β subunits are replaced with fusion proteins comprised of antibody-derived binders fused to the TCRγ and δ constant domains. Allogeneic anti-MSLN TRuC-T cells upregulate activation markers, secrete robust cytokines, and lyse tumor cells in an antigen-specific manner without allo-reactivity. In comparison with control autologous TRuC-T cells targeting mesothelin (TC-210), allogeneic TRuC-Ts demonstrate extended tumor clearance in NSG xenograft models due to their enhanced expansion and persistence. To reduce host rejection and further boost the persistence of the allogeneic TRuC-T cells, we eliminated MHC class I surface expression by B2M gene knockout and over-expressed membrane-bound IL15 tethered to its receptor alpha. In summary we have engineered persistence enhanced, allogeneic TRuC-T cells that maintain the signaling properties of the TCR complex with improved efficacy compared to donor-matched autologous TRuC-T cells. Citation Format: Julie Donaghey, Cecilia Kwong, Allison Powell, Troy Patterson, Ella Liberzon, Richard Decker, Julio Gomez Rodriguez, Darby Kreienberg, Jennifer Bian, Urmi Patankar, Holly Horton, Jian Ding, Robert Hofmeister, Dario Gutierrez, Robert Tighe. Engineering off-the-shelf anti mesothelin t-cell receptor fusion construct (TRuC™) t-cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 557.
Equilibria, kinetics and mechanism for the degradation of the cytotoxic compound L-NG-nitroarginine (2017)

L-N<sup>G</sup>-nitroarginine (LNNA), an analog of L-arginine, is a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase which causes the selective reduction of blood flow to tumor cells. Despite the potential of LNNA to function as an adjuvant in cancer therapies, its poor solubility and stability have hindered the development of an injectable formulation of LNNA that is suitable for human administration. This work, for the first time, details a systematic study on the determination of equilibrium K<sub>a</sub> constants and the rate law of LNNA degradation. The four K<sub>a</sub> values of LNNA were determined to be 1.03, 1.10 × 10<sup>-2</sup>, 2.51 × 10<sup>-10</sup>, and 1.33 × 10<sup>-13 </sup>M. From the kinetic and equilibrium studies, we have shown that the deprotonated form of LNNA is the main form of LNNA that undergoes degradation in aqueous media at room temperature. The rate law of LNNA degradation was found to be first order with respect to OH<sup>-</sup> concentration and first order with respect to LNNA<sup>-</sup> concentration. The rate constant at 25 °C and 1 atm was determined to be 0.04453 M<sup>-1</sup>min<sup>-1</sup>. A base catalyzed mechanism of LNNA degradation was proposed based on the kinetic study. The mechanism was found to be very useful in explaining the discrepancies and changes of the rate law at different pH values. It is thus recommended that LNNA should be formulated as a concentrated solution in acidic conditions for maximum chemical stability during storage and be diluted with a basic solution to near physiological pH just before administration.
Event-based energy optimum route planning in the context of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for multi-objective exploration missions (2009)

The shortest routing problem is revisited for the case of a dynamically changing environment in an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) exploration mission. The latter is represented by energy graphs motivated by [1] and [2]. It is assumed that information about the map is received while on flight due to environmental events. In addition, UAVs are required, while on mission, to “explore” the map which involves extracting as much intelligence as possible and traversing it in the most safe flyable manner. Hence, the UAV should be capable of integrating knowledge from a variety of sources and re-plan its mission, in order to fulfil objectives. Furthermore, prior knowledge is considered to reduce computational costs. Depending on the decision making process, the notion of a “temporary” optimum path can be of physical and functional sense. The problem is modeled as a multistage decision making process, where each stage is triggered by an event. Given the current availability between paths, the objective is to devise a policy that leads from an origin or current known location to a destination node while traversing the unknown region of interest with the minimal energy requirements.
[Study on antioxidant activity of two major secoiridoid glucosides in the fruits of Ligustrum lucidum Ait]. (2007)

The antioxidant effects of two major secoiridoid glucosides (nuezhenoside and G13, separated in our laboratory) from Fructus Ligustri Lucidi had already been assayed though DPPH radicals, respectively. The results revealed that these ingredients showed significant antioxidant activities. A positive correlation existed between total content and antioxidant activity. G13 had shown higher antioxidant activity than nuezhenoside. It implied that the structure of secoiridoid glucoside was postitive to antioxidant activity. Otherwise, the results could promote the deep research of Furctus Ligustri Lucidi on antioxidant mechanism.
Selective Brain Hypothermia in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Reperfusion Without Reperfusion Injury (2020)

In acute ischemic stroke, early recanalization of the occluded artery is crucial for best outcome to be achieved. Recanalization aims at restoring blood flow to the ischemic tissue (reperfusion) and is achieved with pharmacological thrombolytic drugs, endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) devices, or both. The introduction of modern endovascular devices has led to tremendous anatomical and clinical success with rates of substantial reperfusion exceeding 80% and proven clinical benefit in patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusions (LVOs). However, not every successful reperfusion procedure leads to the desired clinical outcome. In fact, the rate of non-disabled outcome at 3 months with current EVT treatment is ~1 out of 4. A constraint upon better outcomes is that reperfusion, though resolving ischemic stress, may not restore the anatomic structures and metabolic functions of ischemic tissue to their baseline states. In fact, ischemia triggers a complex cascade of destructive mechanisms that can sometimes be exacerbated rather than alleviated by reperfusion therapy. Such reperfusion injury may cause infarct progression, intracranial hemorrhage, and unfavorable outcome. Therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to have a favorable impact on the molecular elaboration of ischemic injury, but systemic hypothermia is limited by slow speed of attaining target temperatures and clinical complications. A novel approach is endovascular delivery of hypothermia to cool the affected brain tissue selectively and rapidly with tight local temperature control, features not available with systemic hypothermia devices. In this perspective article, we discuss the possible benefits of adjunctive selective endovascular brain hypothermia during interventional stroke treatment.
Treatment of Heart Failure in Older Persons (2003)

Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for congestive heart failure. Diabetics with congestive heart failure should have good glycemic control, treatment of hypertension and dyslipidemia, and treatment with diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and beta blockers as well as digoxin, if the left ventricular ejection fraction is abnormal. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may have left ventricular failure because of a coexistent cardiac disorder or right ventricular failure from pulmonary hypertension. An acute respiratory tract infection may precipitate right ventricular failure and should be treated. Alveolar hypoxia should be corrected by improving alveolar ventilation through relieving airflow obstruction with bronchodilators and by increasing inspired oxygen concentration. Loop diuretics should be used cautiously. Beta blockers may be given to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and left ventricular failure if bronchospasm is not present. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors should be used to treat left ventricular failure. Digitalis should not be used in patients with right ventricular failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are contraindicated in patients with congestive heart failure. There are controversial data about the negative interaction between aspirin and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with congestive heart failure. Patients with arthritis and congestive heart failure needing large doses of aspirin for pain relief may be treated instead with acetaminophen, tramadol, or Percocet if necessary for chronic severe pain.
Fabrication of nanoscale lithium niobate waveguides for second-harmonic generation (2015)

Nanoscale waveguides are basic building blocks of integrated optical devices. Especially, waveguides made from nonlinear optical materials, such as lithium niobate, allow access to a broad range of applications using second-order nonlinear frequency conversion processes. Based on a lithium niobate on insulator substrate, millimeter-long nanoscale waveguides were fabricated with widths as small as 200 nm. The fabrication was done by means of potassium hydroxide-assisted ion-beam-enhanced etching. The waveguides were optically characterized in the near infrared wavelength range showing phase-matched second-harmonic generation.
Retrieving collocations by co-occurrences and word order constraints (1997)

In this paper, we describe a method for automatically retrieving collocations from large text corpora. This method retrieve collocations in the following stages: 1) extracting strings of characters as units of collocations 2) extracting recurrent combinations of strings in accordance with their word order in a corpus as collocations. Through the method, various range of collocations, especially domain specific collocations, are retrieved. The method is practical because it uses plain texts without any information dependent on a language such as lexical knowledge and parts of speech.
Polarization effects in irradiated single-crystal sapphire (1968)

The present trend in modern electronic technology toward the use of thin-film circuitry prompted an investigation of irradiation effects in some commonly used dielectric substrate materials. The materials investigated included two types of glass, fused quartz, single-crystal quartz, Pyrex, polycrystalline Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> , and single-crystal Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> (sapphire).
Microstructural characterization of propylene-butene-1 copolymer using temperature rising elution fractionation (1998)

Propylene–butene-1 copolymer (PBC) prepared with a titanium catalyst system was fractionated by temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF) over a temperature range of 5–80°C. PBC was shown to have a wide composition distribution ranging between 12–47 mol % of butene-1. Most of the fractions showed nearly the same crystallinity regardless of the butene-1 content. However, the solubility of the crystalline parts, which turned out to be the driving force for the fractionation, varied over the butene-1 content. Evidence that PBC shows isomorphism was obtained by the analysis of fractionated polymers, using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and gel permeation chromatography. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 1493–1501, 1998
397. Transduction of Primary Human CD34+ Cells by Self-Inactivating FIV Vectors (2004)

Minimal vectors derived from the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were constructed which retained only 259 bp of gag cds, the FIV RRE, and incorporated the woodchuck posttranscriptional regulatory element (wPRE), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or FIV cPPT/CTS elements, and a variety of eGFP reporter gene promoters (including CMV IE, EF1a, PGK, MSCV, and MPSV). A packaging plasmid (pC34N) deleted of 1569 bp in the env gene and the principal packaging site was used to generate vectors pseudotyped with the VSV-G protein after transfection into 293FT cells. These second generation FIV vectors generated high titers of 106 TU/ml (up to 109 TU/ml upon concentration), and transduced primary human cord blood CD34+ cells at efficiencies of 50–75% (moi 20-40). Expression persisted at the level of 15–20% after 12 days in culture. Vectors containing the EF1a promoter and cPPT /CTS elements transduced CD34+ cells most efficiently. While the FIV LTR is relatively quiescent in human cells (no LTR-driven expression detected in transduced cells expression by RT PCR), self-inactivating 3rd generation FIV vectors were constructed by progressive deletion of the U3 in the 3'LTR, encompassing TATA boxes and binding sites for NF-kB, AP1 and C/EBP, in an attempt to increase expression. One FIV SIN vector had 2–3 fold increase in titer, higher mean fluorescence intensity and improved transduction efficiency of CD34+ cells. FIV vector transduced CD34+ cells expressed eGFP upon differentiation into myeloid cells. FIV SIN transduced CD34+ cells gave rise to GFP+ colonies which persisted for more than 3 weeks when plated onto methylcellulose for hematopoietic progenitor cell assays. Integration assay (two -step Alu PCR) demonstrated that these vectors were integrated into the genome. FIV SIN vectors have potential as an alternative to HIV-1 based vectors for stem cell gene therapy.
Compounds with Alternating Single and Double Bonds of Antimony and Silicon; Isoelectronic to Ethane-1,2-diimine (2023)

We present an approach for preparing chain-type unsaturated molecules with low oxidation state Si(I) and Sb(I) supported by amidinato ligands that exploit to generate heavy analogues of ethane 1,2-diimine. The reduction of antimony dihalide (R-SbCl<sub>2</sub>) with KC<sub>8</sub> in the presence of silylene chloride afforded L─(Cl)Si═Sb─Tip (<b>1</b>) and L(<i>Cl</i>)Si═Sb─<sup>Ter</sup>Ph (<b>2</b>), respectively. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> further undergo reduction with KC<sub>8</sub> to produce Tip─Sb═LSi─LSi═Sb─Tip (<b>3</b>) and <sup>Ter</sup>Ph─Sb═LSi─LSi═Sb─<sup>Ter</sup>Ph (<b>4</b>). The solid-state structures and DFT studies show that all compounds have σ-type lone pairs at each Sb atom. It forms a strong pseudo-π-bond with Si. The pseudo-π-bond is formed by the hyperconjugative donation of the π-type lone pair at Sb to the Si-N σ* MO. The quantum mechanical studies indicate that compounds <b>3</b> and <b>4</b> has delocalized pseudo-π-MOs arising from hyperconjugative interactions. Hence, <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> can be considered as isoelectronic to imine, while <b>3</b> and <b>4</b> are isoelectronic to ethane-1,2-diimine. The proton affinity studies indicate that the pseudo-π-bond resulting from the hyperconjugative interaction is more reactive than the σ-type lone pair.
CFA based fully integrated Tow-Thomas biquad (1996)

A fully integrated Tow-Thomas (TT) biquad is generated using CFA based integrators developed by the authors. The proposed circuit has the following features: use of only grounded capacitors, orthogonal voltage control of ωo and Q, and cascadability. Simulation results which agree well with the theoretical analysis are obtained.
Asymptotic Optimality of Shortest Path Routing (1983)

"July 1983"
Effect of crystal-growth conditions on charge-density-wave pinning inNbSe3 (1992)

I describe a systematic study of the effects of vapor-transport growth conditions on the properties of ${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{3}$. Pinning of charge-density waves (CDW's) in ${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{3}$ that is not intentionally doped is primarily by impurities rather than by intrinsic defects. A substantial fraction of these impurities may be derived from sources other than the Nb and Se starting materials. Oxygen, which is present in the starting Nb and Se, getters impurities from all sources, including those which are intentionally added. Consequently, impurity types and concentrations in transported crystals may differ significantly from those in the starting materials. I describe growth procedures that provide reasonable control over doping, and that yield high-quality ${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{3}$ crystals with residual resistance ratios ${\mathit{r}}_{\mathit{R}}$\ensuremath{\sim}400 and bulk threshold electric fields ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathit{T}}$(T=50 K)1 mV/cm. These results help to explain large inconsistencies between previous studies of CDW pinning in ${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{3}$.
CROSSREACTIONS BETWEEN AN I-A ALLOSPECIFICITY AND THE CYTOSKELETON OF GLOMERULAR EPITHELIUM AND OF VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE1 (1987)

During studies to investigate the localization of Ia antigens in normal mouse kidney, a monoclonal antibody (Mab) specific for I-Ab by microcytotoxicity criteria was found to crossreact with a tissue antigen present in the glomeruli and vasculature of murine tissues, irrespective of their Ia haplotype, as well as in human kidneys. Immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase studies of frozen tissue sections revealed that the antigen responsible for the crossreaction was present in the cytoplasm of glomerular epithelial cells and of smooth muscle of blood vessels. The immunofluorescence pattern of primary cultures of human glomerular epithelial cells and of a glioblastoma cell line indicated that the crossreactive antigen forms part of the cytoskeleton, and resembled the pattern observed with a monoclonal against vimentin, one of the intermediate filaments. Thus this Mab, which is directed against mouse alloantigen Ia.20 in microcytotoxicity was found to crossreact with a cytoskeletal component present in the mouse, as well as in human glomerular epithelial and smooth muscle cells.