gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monitoring Pulse Rate in the Background Using Front Facing Cameras of Mobile Devices (2022)

We propose a novel framework to passively monitor pulse rate during the time spent by users on their personal mobile devices. Our framework is based on passively capturing the user's pulse signal using the front-facing camera. Signal capture is performed in the background, while the user is interacting with the device as he/she normally would, e.g., watch movies, read emails, text, and play games. The framework does not require subject participation with the monitoring procedure, thereby addressing the well-known problem of low adherence with such procedures. We investigate various techniques to suppress the impact of spontaneous user motion and fluctuations in ambient light conditions expected in non-participatory environments. Techniques include traditional signal processing, machine learning classifiers, and deep learning methods. Our performance evaluation is based on a clinical study encompassing 113 patients with a history of atrial fibrillation (Afib) who are passively monitored at home using a tablet for a period of two weeks. Our results show that the proposed framework accurately monitors pulse rate, thereby providing a gateway for long-term monitoring without relying on subject participation or the use of a dedicated wearable device.
Development of ErbB2-Targeting Liposomes for Enhancing Drug Delivery to ErbB2-Positive Breast Cancer (2020)

ErbB2 is a type of receptor tyrosine kinase, which is known to be involved in tumorigenesis, tumor aggressiveness, and clinical outcome. ErbB2-targeting therapy using therapeutic antibodies has been successful in breast cancer treatment. However, the need for repeated treatments and the high cost are major disadvantages with monoclonal antibody therapies. Compared with antibodies, peptides are cheap, relatively stable, and have low immunogenicity. We have developed a highly specific cancer-targeting drug delivery system using a targeting peptide to maximize the therapeutic efficiency of rapamycin and to help prevent drug resistance in ErbB2-positive breast cancer. Physicochemical characterization confirmed the successful construction of ErbB2-targeting liposomes (<sup>ErbB2</sup>Lipo). A comparison of a scrambled peptide (ScrErbB2) with the ErbB2-targeting peptide confirmed that these peptides had similar properties except for the targeting ability. The <sup>ErbB2</sup>Lipo exhibited higher delivery efficiency in ErbB2 positive BT-474 cells than non-targeting liposomes conjugated with ScrErbB2 (<sup>ScrErbB2</sup>Lipo). This peptide-targeting strategy has the potential to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy in ErbB2-positive cancers.
Identification of a lipoamide dehydrogenase gene as second locus affected in poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid)-leaky mutants ofAlcaligenes eutrophus (1992)

From a genomic library of Alcaligenes eutrophus strain H16 in the broad-host range cosmid pVK100 a 6300-bp EcoRI-fragment was cloned, which restored the wild-type phenotype in tranposon-induced poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid)-leaky mutants, derived from A. eutrophus. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the region adjacent to the transposon insertion revealed an open reading frame which compiled with all criteria for a coding region. This region was referred to as phbL, and the deduced amino acid sequence from this part of phbL showed 60% amino acid identity in an overlap of 98 residues to the lipoamide dehydrogenase gene (lpd) of Excherichia coli. In addition, the 6300-bp EcoRI-fragment conferred expression of lipoamide dehydrogenase activity to E. coli.
Synthesis of Dihydroisoquinolines and 1-Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinolines (1982)

A simple synthesis of three dihydroisoquinolines and five I-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines from the parent compound involves N-chlorinationldehydrochlorination with KO2 and subsequent organometallation.Syntheses of 1-substituted t e t r a -o r dihydroisoquinolines generally employ cyclization of a n 1-5 appropriate phenethylanline p r e c u r s o r .Various methods, however, suffer from low yields, h a r s h reaction conditions.unique structural requirements, or lack of generality to analogous compounds.By contrast, manipulation of a n intact tetrahydroisoquinoline ring provides simplicity and flexibility of synthetic design lacking in these other approaches.Recently, we reported that KO2 dehydrohalogenates organic N-chloramines i n a n apraticThe method was used to advantage in the one-pot regioselective 2-alkylation of piperidine and p y r r ~l i d i n e .~ We wish to report h e r e the application of this reaction to the regiospecific synthesie of I-alkyitetra-and dihydroisoquinolines in high yield.Compounds 1 can be converted to their N-chloro derivatives with tert-butyl hypochlorite in NH 2. KO, R, a .
Improvements in speech perception with an experimental nonlinear frequency compression hearing device (2005)

The performance of an experimental frequency compression hearing device was evaluated using tests of speech understanding in quiet. The device compressed frequencies above a programmable cut-off, resulting in those parts of the input signal being shifted to lower frequencies. Below the cut-off, signals were amplified without frequency shifting. Subjects were experienced hearing aid users with moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss and sloping audiograms. Their recognition of monosyllabic words was tested using the experimental device in comparison with conventional hearing aids. Of the 17 subjects, eight showed a significant score improvement (p < 0.05), whereas one subject showed a significant score decrease. Some of the improvements may have resulted from the better audibility provided in the high frequencies by the experimental device in comparison with the conventional aids. However, a subsequent study found that increasing the high-frequency gain in the conventional aids did not produce equivalent perceptual benefits.
Postcontrast Meningeal MR Enhancement Secondary to Intracranial Hypotension Caused by Lumbar Puncture (1995)

Intracranial hypotension, which is most commonly caused by lumbar puncture, can lead to intense meningeal enhancement, which resolves on its own once the intracranial hypotension has been corrected. The characteristic clinical presentation of severe postural headaches with a low opening CSF pressure on subsequent lumbar puncture and a history of prior dural puncture should alert one to the diagnosis, thus avoiding an extensive workup for carcinomatosis or infection.
Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses from a 4‐month intradose escalation and its subsequent 12‐month dose titration studies for a human monoclonal anti‐FGF23 antibody (KRN23) in adults with X‐linked hypophosphatemia (2015)

Abstract X‐linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is an inherited metabolic bone disease with abnormally elevated serum FGF23 resulting in low renal maximum threshold for phosphate reabsorption, low serum phosphate (Pi) and 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D levels with subsequent development of short stature and skeletal deformities. KRN23 is a novel human anti‐FGF23 antibody for the treatment of XLH. The pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) models of KRN23 were assessed following subcutaneous dosing every 28 days over an initial 4‐month dose escalation (0.05–0.6 mg/kg) and a subsequent 12‐month titration period (0.1–1.0 mg/kg) in XLH adults. The PK of KRN23 was described by a 1‐compartmental model with first‐order absorption and elimination at doses ≥0.1 mg/kg. The elimination half‐life was 17.8 days. Covariates did not affect KRN23 PK. Mean peak serum Pi was attained 7–10 days after dosing and progressively increased following each of the initial 4 doses with comparable peak values attained following the sixth through tenth doses with a slight decrease thereafter. A PK‐PD model with a maximum effect (E max ) and a time‐varying effective concentration to reach 50% of E max (EC 50,t ) described data adequately. Typical E max was 1.5 mg/dL. Typical EC 50,t was 1780 ng/mL and 5999 ng/mL after first and last dose, respectively.
Residual lymph node disease and mortality following neoadjuvant chemoradiation and curative esophagectomy for distal esophageal adenocarcinoma (2020)

Our results demonstrate that residual LN disease after neoadjuvant chemoradiation is associated with increased mortality. Adjuvant chemotherapy, but not number of LNs resected, was correlated with increased OS in this subset of patients.
Author Correction: Transcript expression-aware annotation improves rare variant interpretation (2021)

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-03175-7
Power estimation on functional level for programmable processors (2005)

Abstract. In diesem Beitrag werden verschiedene Ansätze zur Verlustleistungsschätzung von programmierbaren Prozessoren vorgestellt und bezüglich ihrer Übertragbarkeit auf moderne Prozessor-Architekturen wie beispielsweise Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW)-Architekturen bewertet. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt hierbei auf dem Konzept der sogenannten Functional-Level Power Analysis (FLPA). Dieser Ansatz basiert auf der Einteilung der Prozessor-Architektur in funktionale Blöcke wie beispielsweise Processing-Unit, Clock-Netzwerk, interner Speicher und andere. Die Verlustleistungsaufnahme dieser Bl¨ocke wird parameterabhängig durch arithmetische Modellfunktionen beschrieben. Durch automatisierte Analyse von Assemblercodes des zu schätzenden Systems mittels eines Parsers können die Eingangsparameter wie beispielsweise der erzielte Parallelitätsgrad oder die Art des Speicherzugriffs gewonnen werden. Dieser Ansatz wird am Beispiel zweier moderner digitaler Signalprozessoren durch eine Vielzahl von Basis-Algorithmen der digitalen Signalverarbeitung evaluiert. Die ermittelten Schätzwerte für die einzelnen Algorithmen werden dabei mit physikalisch gemessenen Werten verglichen. Es ergibt sich ein sehr kleiner maximaler Schätzfehler von 3%. In this contribution different approaches for power estimation for programmable processors are presented and evaluated concerning their capability to be applied to modern digital signal processor architectures like e.g. Very Long InstructionWord (VLIW) -architectures. Special emphasis will be laid on the concept of so-called Functional-Level Power Analysis (FLPA). This approach is based on the separation of the processor architecture into functional blocks like e.g. processing unit, clock network, internal memory and others. The power consumption of these blocks is described by parameter dependent arithmetic model functions. By application of a parser based automized analysis of assembler codes of the systems to be estimated the input parameters of the Correspondence to: H. Blume (blume@eecs.rwth-aachen.de) arithmetic functions like e.g. the achieved degree of parallelism or the kind and number of memory accesses can be computed. This approach is exemplarily demonstrated and evaluated applying two modern digital signal processors and a variety of basic algorithms of digital signal processing. The resulting estimation values for the inspected algorithms are compared to physically measured values. A resulting maximum estimation error of 3% is achieved.
Earth Science Vision: platform technology challenges (2002)

Advanced new platform technologies are critical to the realization of the Earth Science Vision in the 2020 timeframe. Examples of the platform technology challenges and current state-of-the-art capabilities are presented.
Letter: April 2011 (2011)

In the March edition of Primary Health Care there was a news item about plans to increase the numbers of health visitors. Why are there no plans to increase the number of school nurses, despite the fact that this has been identified as a need in the past?
Cross-Coupling of Aromatic Bromides with Allylic Silanolate Salts (2008)

The sodium salts of allyldimethylsilanol and 2-butenyldimethylsilanol undergo palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling with a wide variety of aryl bromides to afford allylated and crotylated arenes. The coupling of both silanolates required extensive optimization to deliver the expected products in high yields. The reaction of the allyldimethylsilanolate takes place at 85 degrees C in 1,2-dimethoxyethane with allylpalladium chloride dimer (2.5 mol %) to afford 73-95% yields of the allylation products. Both electron-rich and sterically hindered bromides reacted smoothly, whereas electron-poor bromides cross-coupled in poor yield because of a secondary isomerization to the 1-propenyl isomer (and subsequent polymerization). The 2-butenyldimethylsilanolate (E/Z, 80:20) required additional optimization to maximize the formation of the branched (gamma-substitution) product. A remarkable influence of added alkenes (dibenzylideneacetone and norbornadiene) led to good selectivities for electron-rich and electron-poor bromides in 40-83% yields. However, bromides containing coordinating groups (particularly in the ortho position) gave lower, and in one case even reversed, selectivity. Configurationally homogeneous (E)-silanolates gave slightly higher gamma-selectivity than the pure (Z)-silanolates. A unified mechanistic picture involving initial gamma-transmetalation followed by direct reductive elimination or sigma-pi isomerization can rationalize all of the observed trends.
An electrically driven polariton laser (2013)

Polariton lasing under electrical pumping is observed in a GaAs multi-quantum-well microcavity diode. Lasing in the strong-coupling regime is unambiguously evidenced by detection of Zeeman-split emission in an external magnetic field as a result of the polaritons’ excitonic content.
Static compliance and driving pressure are associated with ICU mortality in intubated COVID-19 ARDS (2021)

Crs < 48 ml/cmH<sub>2</sub>O was associated with ICU mortality, while DP was linearly associated with mortality. DP should be kept as low as possible, even in the case of relatively preserved Crs, irrespective of VT/kg IBW, to reduce the risk of death.
ErbB-β-Catenin Complexes Are Associated with Human Infiltrating Ductal Breast and Murine Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV)-Wnt-1 and MMTV-c-Neu Transgenic Carcinomas (2002)

Simultaneous deregulation of both Wnt and ErbB growth factors has previously been shown to result in the cooperative induction of mammary gland tumors. Using the murine mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-Wnt-1 transgenic model of mammary carcinoma, we have identified an unvarying association between beta-catenin and epidermal growth factor receptor/c-Neu (ErbB1/ErbB2) heterodimers in mammary gland tumors, indicating a requirement for ErbB signaling in Wnt-mediated tumorigenesis. Expansion of these observations to a second transgenic model, MMTV-c-Neu, demonstrated similar tumor-specific interactions, including an ErbB1 ligand-inducible phosphorylation of both beta-catenin and c-Neu. Direct relevance of these findings to human breast cancer was established upon examination of a set of human infiltrating ductal breast adenocarcinoma and lymph node metastasis tissues taken at surgery. These data revealed increased levels of beta-catenin in tumors and metastases versus normal breast as well as an association between beta-catenin and c-Neu that measurably occurs only in neoplasia, most strongly in metastatic lesions. These studies have identified a seemingly indispensable interaction between beta-catenin and epidermal growth factor receptor/c-Neu heterodimers in Wnt-1-mediated breast tumorigenesis that may indicate a fundamental signaling event in human metastatic progression.
New Axially Chiral Bis(dihydrooxazoles) as Ligands in Stereoselective Transition‐Metal Catalysis (1998)

Abstract The new, axially chiral bis(4,5‐dihydrooxazoles) 4 have been synthesized in a straightforward manner, starting from the substituted, racemic 1,1′‐biphenyl‐2,2′‐dicarboxylic acids 1 and optically active amino alcohols 2 . The adducts were resolved by medium‐performance liquid chromatography (MPLC; see Scheme 1 ). Formation of Cu 1 complexes of 4 was followed by 1 H‐NMR spectroscopy. The catalytic behavior of these complexes has been investigated by asymmetric cyclopropanation of styrene with ethyl diazoacetate. Beside the influence of steric factors, a significant electronic effect on asymmetric induction could also be observed (see Scheme 2 and Table ).
Corrosion Performance of a Nickel-Molybdenum-Chromium Alloy: Effects of Aging, Alloying Elements, and Electrolyte Composition (1999)

General and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behaviors of a Ni-Mo-Cr alloy were assessed in the mill-annealed and aged conditions. Performance of this Ni-25% Mo-8% Cr alloy (alloy 242 [proposed UNS N10242]) was compared to the performance of a Ni-Mo alloy (alloy B-3 [UNS N10675]) and a Ni-Cr-Mo alloy (C-2000 [UNS N06200]). Results showed the general corrosion rate of alloy 242 in reducing acids was slightly higher than that of alloy B-3. However, in mildly oxidizing conditions, the corrosion rate of alloy 242 was lower than that of alloy B-3. Effects of electrolyte and alloy composition on the general corrosion rate were studied. After aging at 650°C (1,200°F) for 24 h, the corrosion rate of alloy 242 increased slightly, particularly in strongly reducing conditions. Alloy 242 was resistant to SCC but was prone to hydrogen-induced cracking, especially in the aged condition.
Spin in Quantum Biology (2017)

A discussion of the importance of electron spin in biological systems, such as its role in long-range electron transfer, in reactions that involve multiple electrons, and in bio-recognition, all of which arise from chiral induced spin selectivity.
Genomic and Phylogenetic Characterization of Rhodopseudomonas infernalis sp. nov., Isolated from the Hell Creek Watershed (Nebraska) (2022)

The genus <i>Rhodopseudomonas</i> is known for its versatile metabolic capabilities and has been proposed to be used in a wide variety of innovative applications, ranging from biohydrogen and electricity production, bioremediation and as biostimulant in agriculture. Here, we report the isolation, characterization and genome sequence analysis of a novel <i>Rhodopseudomonas</i> species, strain HC1, isolated from the Hell Creek urban native restoration area. Whole genome-based analysis, average nucleotide identity (ANI) comparison, and growth characteristics identified this isolate as a new species of the <i>Rhodopseudomonas</i> genus, for which we propose the name <i>Rhodopseudomonas infernalis</i> sp. nov. Besides containing several nitrogenases for nitrogen fixation and hydrogen production, the HC1 genome encodes a unique gene cluster, not found in any other <i>Rhodopseudomonas</i> species, which encodes genes for the degradation of yet-unidentified aromatic PCB-type chemicals with potentially interesting biotechnological applications. The genomic features of <i>Rps. infernalis</i> HC1 indicate that it plays a positive role in the degradation of anthropogenic substances and aids the restoration of the Hell Creek watershed by contributing to N<sub>2</sub> and carbon fixation and plant growth; however, the genome also contains several antibiotic resistance genes, indicating a broad range of antibiotic resistance in this environmental isolate.
Kinetics of Oxygen Trapping in Trans (CH)x as Studied by ESR (1983)

Abstract It has been shown in earlier magnetic resonance studies that highly mobile spins, consistently described in terms of neutral magnetic solitons, are present in trans-(CH)1−3 x. Furthermore the effect of oxygen contamination, in particular on the spin dynamics, has been noticed. It basically consists in a broadening of the ESR line, which has been interpreted as resulting from a trapping effect of solitons by oxygen. Adsorbed oxygen at the (CH)x fibril surface create traps for solitons on the neighbouring chains. The trapped soliton concentration is determined as the thermal population of solitons intraps. It depends on both temperature and trap concentration. Increasing the trapped soliton concentration by increasing the number of traps - in particular by oxygen contamination - and/or by decreasing temperature results in decreasing the average number of mobile spins. Consequently the motional narrowing of the ESR line is decreased, and a broadening is observed. The resulting line-width can be expressed as4,5
3D Spectral Element Modelling for Acoustically Sensing a Well from a Nearby Well (2013)

Single well imaging using full-waveform sonic log data, a known technique for locating fractures and mapping bed boundaries, can also be used to locate boreholes from nearby observation wells. For this technique, generating accurate seismograms including not only reflected waves but also borehole-guided waves is of paramount importance for both the prejob planning phase and for testing and validating the processing sequence in the imaging phase. We implemented a 3D GPU-based spectral element code, which is well suited for this type of modelling in terms of accuracy and performance. With the spectral element method modelling, we were able to reproduce, qualitatively, the case of a vertical borehole acoustically sensed by a nearby horizontal well.
One‐step synthesis of in situ nanocarbon‐containing calcium aluminate cement in reducing atmosphere (2019)

Abstract In order to overcome the problems caused by poor water wettability/dispersion and oxidation resistance of carbons for improving properties of carbon‐containing refractory castables, we prepare in situ nanocarbon‐containing cement through the carbon‐bed sintering method with calcium citrate tetrahydrate (CCT, C 12 H 10 Ca 3 O 14 · 4H 2 O) and Al 2 O 3 as raw materials, and FeCl 3 as a catalyst. In this paper, the carbonization process of CCT was analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis coupled with a FTIR. In addition, the synthesized cement was characterized through XRD, Raman spectroscopy, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the in situ carbon was generated through carbonization of calcium aconitic acid which was generated by pyrolysis of CCT, accompanying with overflowing of H 2 O, CO 2 , CO, and CH 4 . Interestingly, as the sintering temperature increases, the freshly generated carbons were transformed into nanofiber and nanoflake carbons under the action of Fe catalyst. After sintering at 1500°C for 4 hours, the phase compositions of the synthesized product approached to that of the commercial cement Secar71, and the in situ carbons with nanofiber and nanoflake morphologies dispersed in calcium aluminate grains.
The NUONCE engine for LEO networks (1995)

Typical LEO networks use constellations which provide a uniform coverage. However, the demand for telecom service is dynamic and unevenly distributed around the world. We examine a more efficient and cost effective design by matching the satellite coverage with the cyclical demand for service around the world. Our approach is to use a non-uniform satellite distribution for the network. We have named this constellation design NUONCE for Non Uniform Optimal Network Communications Engine.