gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
OPN expression by epithelial tubular cells regulates NK cell-mediated kidney ischemia reperfusion injury (98.30) (2009)

Abstract Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute injury in both native and transplanted kidneys. This type of kidney injury is considered an antigen-independent inflammatory condition that involves multiple factors leading to tubular and endothelial dysfunction. We have recently found that NK cells induce apoptosis in tubular epithelial cells (TEC) and contribute to renal IRI. Kidney can express osteopontin (OPN) during injury. Therefore we examined the role OPN in NK cell function and kidney IRI. We have found that TEC expressed high levels of OPN in vitro and in vivo after injury. Kidneys in OPN-/- mice had less severity of IRI compared to wild-type mice (P&amp;lt;0.05). Interestingly, recombinant OPN could activate NK cells that express high levels of perforin and granzyme and could mediate TEC apoptotic death. Importantly, we have found that NK cell migrate towards OPN protein as well as OPN-producing TEC in the transwell assay. Whereas, less NK cell migration was seen towards OPN-/- TEC (P&amp;lt;0.01). Further more, Kidneys in OPN-/- mice had less NK cell infiltration after IRI compared to WT mice (P&amp;lt;0.02). Taken together, our study results support a previously unrecognized role for TEC expression of OPN in NK cell-mediated kidney injury. TEC expression of OPN promotes early kidney inflammatory and IRI, and limiting OPN expression may improve kidney function and graft survival.
A False-name-Proof Double Auction Protocol for Arbitrary Evaluation Values (2004)

We develop a new false-name-proof double auction protocol called the Generalized Threshold Price Double auction (GTPD) protocol. False-name-proofness generalizes strategy-proofness by incorporating the possibility of false-name bids, e.g., bids submitted using multiple e-mail addresses. An existing protocol called TPD protocol is false-name-proof but can handle only the cases where marginal utilities of each agent always decrease, while our new GTPD protocol can handle arbitrary evaluation values. When marginal utilities can increase, some bids cannot be divided into a single unit (e.g., an all-or-nothing bid). Due to the existence of such indivisible bids, meeting supply/demand becomes difficult. Furthermore, a seller/buyer can submit a false-name-bid by pretending to be a potential buyer/seller to manipulate allocations and payments. In the GTPD protocol, the auctioneer is required to absorb the supply-demand imbalance up to a given upper-bound. Also, the GTPD incorporate a new false-name-proof one-sided auction protocol that is guaranteed to sell/buy a certain number of units. Simulation results show that when the threshold price is set appropriately, this protocol can obtain a good social surplus, and the number of absorbed units is much smaller than the given upper-bound.
Synthesis, Microstructure, and Dielectric Properties of Mn-Doped 0.33BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-0.67BiFeO<sub>3</sub> Multiferroic Solid Solutions (2013)

In this work, 0.33BaTiO 3 -0.67BiFeO 3 multiferroic ceramics doped with x mol% MnO 2 (x= 0.1-1.0) were fabricated by solid-state reaction method, and their microstructure and dielectric property were also investigated. The perovskite phase structure of the solid solutions was confirmed by X-ray diffraction patterns, and the formation of minor impure phase of Bi 2 Fe 4 O 9 was prevent effectively by Mn-doping. With increasing the Mn-doped concentration, the dielectric constants of Mn-doped 0.33BaTiO 3 -0.67BiFeO 3 multiferroic ceramics first increased, and reached a maximum value of 340 (measured @1MHz) at the Mn-doped concentration of 0.60 mol%, and then decreased. On the other hand, the dielectric losses first decreased, and reached the minimum value at the Mn-doped concentration of 0.30 mol%, and then increased along with increasing the Mn-doped concentrations. The ferroelectric domain structures in the Mn-doped 0.33BaTiO 3 - 0.67BiFeO 3 multiferroic ceramics with rhombohedral symmetry were also revealed by TEM image and selected area electron diffraction patterns, and tweed-like domain structures were observed.
Pituitary gland metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the prostate (1989)

A case of prostatic carcinoma metastasis to the pituitary gland is reported. The presentation and rarity of such a lesion is addressed. The literature review yielded only isolated case reports of symptomatic brain metastases unassociated with bone disease from adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The management options of such a lesion are discussed.
Halogen Overlayer Structures on Fe(110) (1986)

Abstract The overlayer structures formed with halogen adsorption on an Fe(110) surface have been investigated using LEED. The LEED patterns are described using variable, non‐coincident nets of halogen adatoms. The adlayer nets rotate and contract with increasing halogen coverage. The structural changes within the adlayer are consistent with an adatom model developed for the Cl 2 /Br 2 /I 2 Fe(110) systems. The internuclear spacings and geometry of the halogen overlayers on Fe(110) are shown to be consistent with previous work on Fe(110).
Membrane rigidity of red blood cells parasitized by different strains of Plasmodium falciparum. (1993)

Changes in the structure of parasitized red blood cells may influence their ability to circulate. We have used a micropipette technique to examine the effects of invasion and maturation of Plasmodium falciparum on the membrane rigidity of red blood cells. In the presence of immature, ring form parasites from different laboratory strains, membrane rigidity remained unchanged as compared with uninfected red cells. However, development of more mature pigmented trophozoites caused a marked increase in membrane rigidity. Parasites from knobless strains caused a less-pronounced increase than parasites from knob-positive strains. Using closely synchronized cultures, the dependence of membrane rigidity on parasite maturation was studied in more detail for selected knob-positive and knobless strains. Over a period of 12 hours, while trophozoites developed into schizonts, no further rigidification of the red cell membrane occurred. The increase in membrane rigidity, occurring with the initial development of pigmented trophozoites, may be related to insertion of neoantigens into the red cell surface or modification of native membrane proteins that also occur at this time. In contrast to others, we found no effect of parasite-culture supernatant, harvested at different stages, on the rigidity of uninfected cells exposed to it. Interstrain variation of membrane rigidity could influence pathophysiology in several ways: by promoting margination and cytoadherence of knob-positive strains in the microcirculation, by modulating clearance of parasitized cells by the reticuloendothelial system, and by influencing ischemic complications of severe falciparum malaria.
Effects of acute prolactin manipulation on sexual drive and function in males (2003)

The neuroendocrine response to sexual activity in humans is characterized by a pronounced orgasm-dependent increase of plasma levels of prolactin. In contrast to the well-known inhibitory effects of chronic hyperprolactinemia on sexual drive and function, the impact of acute prolactin alterations on human sexual physiology is unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of acute manipulation of plasma prolactin on sexual behavior. Ten healthy males participated in a single-blind, placebo-controlled, balanced cross-over design. Prolactin levels were pharmacologically increased to high levels (protirelin, 50 micro g i.v.) or reduced to low physiological concentrations (cabergoline, 0.5 mg p.o.). Sexual arousal and orgasm were then induced by an erotic film and masturbation. In addition to continuous neuroendocrine and cardiovascular recordings, the quality and intensity of the acute sexual drive, arousal, orgasm and refractory period were assessed by extensive psychometric measures. Administration of cabergoline decreased prolactin levels and significantly enhanced all parameters of sexual drive (P<0.05), function (P<0.01) and positive perception of the refractory period (P<0.01). Administration of protirelin increased prolactin concentrations and produced small, but not significant reductions of sexual parameters. The sexual effects observed from cabergoline were completely abrogated by coadministration of protirelin. Although different pharmacological sites of action of prolactin-altering drugs have to be considered, these data demonstrate that acute changes in prolactin plasma levels may be one factor modulating sexual drive and function. Therefore, besides a neuroendocrine reproductive reflex, a post-orgasmic prolactin increase may represent one factor modulating central nervous system centers controlling sexual drive and behavior. These findings may offer a new pharmacological approach for the treatment of sexual disorders.
Factored Pose Estimation of Articulated Objects using Efficient\n Nonparametric Belief Propagation (2018)

Robots working in human environments often encounter a wide range of\narticulated objects, such as tools, cabinets, and other jointed objects. Such\narticulated objects can take an infinite number of possible poses, as a point\nin a potentially high-dimensional continuous space. A robot must perceive this\ncontinuous pose to manipulate the object to a desired pose. This problem of\nperception and manipulation of articulated objects remains a challenge due to\nits high dimensionality and multi-modal uncertainty. In this paper, we propose\na factored approach to estimate the poses of articulated objects using an\nefficient nonparametric belief propagation algorithm. We consider inputs as\ngeometrical models with articulation constraints, and observed RGBD sensor\ndata. The proposed framework produces object-part pose beliefs iteratively. The\nproblem is formulated as a pairwise Markov Random Field (MRF) where each hidden\nnode (continuous pose variable) is an observed object-part's pose and the edges\ndenote the articulation constraints between the parts. We propose articulated\npose estimation by Pull Message Passing algorithm for Nonparametric Belief\nPropagation (PMPNBP) and evaluate its convergence properties over scenes with\narticulated objects.\n
New Algorithm for Electronic Short-Circuit Detection (2006)

New technologies and algorithms for an electronic short-circuit detection in low-voltage switchgears aiming for improvements in current limitation will be presented. For early short-circuit detection, the new "Cubical-Criterion" has been invented. The criterion uses the instantaneous values of current, current rise and current's 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> derivatives with respect to time as a combined criterion. Combined network and switchgear simulation results will be presented. These simulations show achievable detection times and rates of current-limitation using the new criterion. The implementation of such algorithms in switchgear along with fast actuators can lead to additional current-limitation and therefore to improvements in power system and load protection.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Marine Antibiotic (−)-Malyngolide and Its Stereoisomers (1990)

A convenient synthetic method for the marine antibiotic (-)-malyngolide and its stereoisomers was accomplished from a chiral alpha-alkoxyketone (4), which was readily available as a chiron. Chiral quaternary carbon synthons (5a) and (5b) as the key intermediates were constructed by the chelation controlled addition of Grignard reagent to 4. The diastereomeric mixture of 5a and 5b was readily transformed into a separable mixture of lactones (7a) and (7b), each of which could be easily separated by silica-gel column chromatography. (-)-Malyngolide and its three stereoisomers were obtained in optically pure form without the need for optical resolution.
On real order passivity (2019)

The aim of this paper is to show that a real order generalization of the dissipative concepts is a useful tool to determine the stability (in the Lyapunov and in the input-output sense) and to design control strategies not only for fractional order non-linear systems, but also for systems composed of integer and fractional order subsystems (mixed-order systems). In particular, the fractional control of integer order system (e.g. PIλ control) can be formalized. The key point is that the gradations of dissipativeness, passivity and positive realness concepts are related among them. Passivating systems is used as a strategy to stabilize them, which is studied in the non-adaptive as well as in the adaptive case.
Activity Coefficients for Equilibrium and Adsorption Kinetics of Mixtures on Planar Surfaces under Flow Conditions (1999)

The adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics for mixtures of triblock water-soluble polymers having poly(ethylene glycols) with a molecular weights of 12 000, 62 000, and 120 000 g/mol as the middle block and C16H33 linear alkyl groups on each end of the molecule onto silica (SiO2) and polystyrene film substrates were studied by ellipsometry. Equations for activity coefficients were derived (a) to calculate the adsorption isotherm for a mixture by using the experimental adsorption isotherms for individual species, (b) to calculate the adsorption isotherm for individual species of a mixture by using the experimental adsorption for a mixture, and (c) to predict behaviors of individual species in a mixture by using the experimental kinetic data for a mixture onto a planar surfaces under flow conditions.
Inherited prion disease with an alanine to valine mutation at codon 117 in the prion protein gene (1999)

A large English family with autosomal dominant segregation of presenile dementia, ataxia and other neuropsychiatric features is described. Diagnoses of demyelinating disease, Alzheimer's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome have been attributed to particular individuals at different times. An Irish family, likely to be part of the same kindred, is also described, in which diagnoses of multiple sclerosis, dementia, corticobasal degeneration and new variant CJD have been considered in affected individuals. Molecular genetic studies have enabled the classification of this disease at the molecular level as one of the group of inherited prion diseases, with the substitution of valine for alanine at codon 117 of the prion protein gene (PRNP). Only three other kindreds have been described world-wide with this mutation and only limited phenotypic information has been reported. Here we describe the phenotypic spectrum of inherited prion disease (PrPA117V). The diversity of phenotypic expression seen in this kindred emphasizes the logic of molecular classification of the inherited prion diseases rather than classification by specific clinicopathological syndrome. Indeed, inherited prion disease should be excluded by PRNP analysis in any individual presenting with atypical presenile dementia or neuropsychiatric features and ataxia, including suspected cases of new variant CJD.
A Unified Approach to Reduced-Redundancy Transceivers: Superfast Linear and Block-Iterative Generalized Decision Feedback Equalizers (2013)

This paper shows, under general input data models, how block memoryless equalizers should be formulated considering reduced-redundancy transmissions for superfast detection. We propose linear and DFE-based, both multicarrier (MC) and single-carrier-frequency-domain (SC-FD) transceivers, along with efficient methods for the equalizer calculation, in a unified manner. We argue that, under a one-tap block decision feedback, transmitted redundancy can be reduced below the minimum <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\lceil(L-1)/2\rceil$</tex></formula> samples allowed in the linear case, where <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$L$</tex></formula> is the channel length, even down to zero-redundancy, with improved BER performance. This is quantified in light of the optimal reconstruction delay set for a minimum-norm zero-forcing feedforward matrix in terms of the channel zeros location. The proposed MC and SC-FD block DFEs do not cancel inter-block-interference (IBI) via zeros-jamming; Instead, it removes IBI completely, in part by decision-feedback, and in part by zero-padding, which allows for much lower redundancy transmissions. The remaining ISI is further eliminated through a one-step block-iterative-generalized-DFE (BI-GDFE) obtained in the minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) sense. Unlike computationally demanding block DFEs that eliminate ISI via successive cancelation, the proposed DFE schemes are as efficient as a superfast block-linear equalizer, requiring at most 3 receive branches to realize the order- <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$M$</tex></formula> feedforward matrices in <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\cal O}(M \log M)$</tex></formula> operations.
Mechanism of compensatory hyperinsulinemia in normoglycemic insulin-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats. Augmented enzymatic activity of glucokinase in beta-cells. (1994)

The cause of compensatory hyperinsulinemia in normoglycemic insulin-resistant states is unknown. Using spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), we tested the hypothesis that a lowered beta-cell set-point for glucose causes a hypersecretion of insulin at a normal glucose level. Islets isolated from normoglycemic hyperinsulinemic SHR were compared to age-matched (12 wk old) Wistar-Kyoto (WK) rats. The ED50 for glucose-induced insulin secretion was 6.6 +/- 1.0 mM glucose in SHR versus 9.6 +/- 0.5 mM glucose in WK (P < 0.02). Glucokinase enzymatic activity was increased 40% in SHR islets (P < 0.02) without any change in the glucokinase protein level by Western blot. The level of the beta-cell glucose transporter (GLUT-2) was increased 75% in SHR islets (P < 0.036). In summary, the beta-cell sensitivity for glucose was increased in these normoglycemic insulin resistant rats by an enhanced catalytic activity of glucokinase. We have identified a regulatory system for glucokinase in the beta-cell which entails variable catalytic activity of the enzyme, is modulated in response to variations in whole-body insulin sensitivity, and is not dependent on sustained changes in the plasma glucose level.
Rearrangement of 2: 4-xylyl hydrogen maleate (1955)

W. Cocker, D. H. Hayes and W. R. N. Williamson, J. Chem. Soc., 1955, 824 DOI: 10.1039/JR9550000824
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Heterocyclothiazenes. Part 4. Chemistry of 1,3,5,2,4‐Trithiadiazepines. (1987)

Abstract The chemical and physical properties of the title compounds (I) broadly support their 10π aromatic nature.
Tandem magneto-optical Kerr effect magnetometer for the study of quadratic effects (2010)

It has recently been observed that strong quadratic magneto-optical Kerr efiects (QMOKE) are present in cobalt-based Heusler compounds thin fllms. In this contribution we present a magnetometer dedicated to the study of QMOKE in magnetic thin fllms. The system consists of two MOKE magnetometers working in tandem, and is equipped with a quadrupole magnet which afiords any in-plane fleld. The flrst magnetometer operates at an angle of incidence of 45 -, and is sensitive to the combined longitudinal MOKE and QMOKE signals. In the second magnetometer, the light impinges on the sample at perpendicular incidence, and this magnetometer is thus only sensitive to the QMOKE component. Representative measurements illustrating the capabilities of this instrument are presented.
IV.3: Processing and formulation effects on structural and rheological properties of ice cream mix, aerated mix and ice cream (2004)

We present in this work a new rheological tool for the in situ follow-up of rheological properties of evolving complex systems during process and its application to ice cream manufacture. We propose to study the two key operations in the manufacturing process of ice cream, namely foaming and freezing, separately in a rheo-reactor, where mix can be aerated and subsequently frozen. The effect of aeration and freezing conditions of the mix in the rheo-reactor are studied. The effect of the type and concentration (from 0 to 0.2%) of stabilizer and emulsifier, where the stabilizers are guar gum and xanthan gum, and the emulsifiers are Tween 80 and monoglycerides, are also observed. The rheological properties of the mix, aerated mix and ice cream are examined before, during and after foaming and freezing processes. Viscosity build-up during dispersion of gas in the mix is followed up. Foamed mix stability and structure are analyzed in the rheo-reactor by dynamic rheological tests and the evolution of the viscoelastic moduli during freezing is followed as temperature decreases. Fat-globule sizes in mix and batch-frozen hardened ice creams are measured by laser diffraction for each mix formulation and changes in globule size are related to product's final quality. Final product quality is determined by specific formulation and processing conditions and their interactions. Complex interactions were found between formulation and operating conditions. Stabilizers determinate strongly rheological behaviour, while emulsifiers participate predominantly in the fat and air structures by controlling fat emulsion destabilization, which affects end-use properties of ice cream.
A Model for Learned Bloom Filters, and Optimizing by Sandwiching (2019)

Recent work has suggested enhancing Bloom filters by using a pre-filter, based on applying machine learning to determine a function that models the data set the Bloom filter is meant to represent. Here we model such learned Bloom filters,, with the following outcomes: (1) we clarify what guarantees can and cannot be associated with such a structure; (2) we show how to estimate what size the learning function must obtain in order to obtain improved performance; (3) we provide a simple method, sandwiching, for optimizing learned Bloom filters; and (4) we propose a design and analysis approach for a learned Bloomier filter, based on our modeling approach.
Spinal and Trigeminal Mechanisms of Nociception (1983)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
Privacy law in a nutshell (2008)

The Privacy Nutshell briefly reviews the historical roots of privacy, and then examines each of these U.S. privacy statutes and regulations. Virtually all governments and businesses face privacy considerations as technology continues to evolve. Legal issues related to privacy are exploding on the U.S. legal scene. The EU has a long history of a strong regulatory privacy regime. The U. S., however, follows a sectoral approach to privacy, whereby Congress responds to each privacy crisis with a new statute and set of regulations. This sectoral approach has resulted in a unique series of privacy rules for different areas of society. The Privacy Nutshell is an excellent introductory guide to the legal privacy world.
The CMC View: A Comparison of Three Radiographic Views by Eaton-Glickel Classification and Correlation to Clinical Disease Severity (2015)

Purpose: We introduce a new radiographic view of the wrist known as the "carpometacarpal (CMC) view" and compare this technique with commonly used X-rays of the hand (posteroanterior [PA] and Roberts view) using Eaton-Glickel (E-G) classification for characterization of disease severity. Radiographic staging is correlated to clinical disease severity through gross dissection of the joint in cadaveric hands.