gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antigen-Specific T Lymphocyte Function Following Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation (UCBT). (2005)

Abstract The T lymphocytes contained in cord blood are naïve and do not have antigen-specific function. Since the antigen-specific T lymphocytes contained in other hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) source may contribute to protective cellular immunity following transplantation, it has been hypothesized that the recipients of cord blood transplantation (CBT) might be at increased risk of opportunistic infections. The development of antigen-specific T lymphocyte function was measured in 153 recipients of unrelated cord blood transplants (UCBT) by determining antigen-specific T lymphocyte proliferation to the herpes viruses (CMV, HSC, VZV) for 3 years following UCBT. The first antigen-specific response was detected 29 days following transplantation to HSV. Positive T lymphocyte proliferative responses were detected in 66 recipients: 40 to VZV, 36 to HSV and 22 to CMV. Recipients with and without documented herpes infection/reactivation were equally likely to develop positive proliferative responses. The development of antigen-specific T lymphocyte function following UCBT documents successful immune reconstitution since the antigen-specific T lymphocytes are derived from naïve T lymphocytes or HSC, but not donor-derived antigen-specific T lymphocytes. The assessment of antigen-specific function following CBT is a model for the evaluation of post-transplant immune reconstitution without the compounding influence of donor derived antigen-specific function.
Fabrication of durable anticorrosion superhydrophobic surfaces on aluminum substrates via a facile one-step electrodeposition approach (2016)

A facile one-step electrodeposition method was used to fabricate a hierarchical papillae-covered SHPS on an Al substrate with enhanced corrosion resistance (corrosion inhibition efficiency ~99.96%) and lotus-like self-cleaning effect.
PROBING BINDING REQUIREMENTS OF NAD KINASE WITH MODIFIED NAD ANALOGUES (2012)

NAD kinase (NADK) catalyzes a magnesium-dependent phosphorylation of the 2′-hydroxyl group of the adenosine ribose moiety of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) using ATP or inorganic polyphosphates as phosphoryl donors to give NADP. There are two classes of the enzyme, one is specific for NAD+ and the other also phosphorylates NADH. With the recent discovery of NADK from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and with the emergence of multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, NADK has became deeply important as attractive target for antibiotic discovery. Recently Boshoff et al. (1) reported that inhibition of enzymes involved in the early stages of NAD biosynthesis for the treatment of TB is often reversed by the unwanted involvement of alternative rescue pathways, whereas the enzymes comprising the last steps, such as NAD synthetase (NADS) and NADK, should be preferred. Furthermore, NADK cannot be complemented by rescue pathways, and being the only enzyme which supplies vital NADP in prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells, could be an even better target than NADS. As a proof of concept, following our recent discovery of NAD analogues, such as DTA 1 and 8-BrDTA 2 (2), that afforded potent but not selective inhibitors, we decided to design a new series of NAD analogues where the nicotinamide riboside moiety has been replaced by 2-thiopyridyl, benzyl and meta-nitro benzyl groups (compounds 3-5), maintaining the short di-sulfur linker instead of the pyrophosphate linkage of NAD. The synthesis and the biological evaluation against human and bacterial NADKs of these heterodisulfides will be presented in detail.
View extension for teleoperated MAV (2015)

In this paper, we propose a method to extend the field of view (FoV) of cameras mounted on Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs). The idea is to stitch together appropriate sections of the panorama to the camera frame. The proposed system efficiently performs view extension by fusing fast tracking and feature descriptor matching into the stitching algorithm. The quality of the extended view is further improved by refining the transformation using weighted least squares. We demonstrate the success of our system in real cases where the distance from one panorama to the next panorama is 10m.
Prunella vulgaris var. lanceolata (W. Bart.) Fern. (2010)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/11238/thumbnail.jpg
Fundamental-mode third harmonic generation in microfibers by pulse-induced quasi-phase matching (2017)

A scheme to enhance the fundamental-mode third harmonic generation efficiency in microfibers is presented. By introducing an appropriate counter-propagating pulse train, large propagation constant mismatch is partly overcome and nonlinear phase shifts could be corrected for, thus quasi-phase matching between the fundamental pump mode and the fundamental third harmonic mode is achieved, enabling the harmonic power to grow along the direction of propagation. Depending on the microfiber and pulse parameters, phase matching can enhance the conversion efficiency by several orders of magnitude with respect to the non-phase matched case. This scheme offers an alternative approach for harmonic generation and could potentially be applied to other small core waveguides.
Synergism on electromagnetic inductance (EMI)‐shielding in metal‐ and ferroelectric‐particle filled polymers (1989)

Abstract In this paper the electromagnetic inductance (EMI)‐shielding of metal‐and ferroelectric‐particle filled polymers is described. The composite, containing only metallic fillers, has a shielding effectiveness comparable to conventional products. The addition of a few percent of ferroelectric material to this composite enhances the shielding behavior by several orders of magnitude—without increasing its electrical conductivity. In this three component composite the shielding effectiveness reaches a maximum close to the ferroelectric/paraelectric transition temperature. The synergetic effect, obtained by the addition of ferroelectrical particles, is related to the high dielectric losses of ferroelectric material close to its transition temperature.
Impact of random jitter on a laser satellite communication system with an optical preamplifier (2004)

In this work we derive a model, which optimizes the performance of a laser satellite communication link with an optical preamplifier in the presence of random jitter in the transmitter-receiver line of sight. The system utilizes a transceiver containing a single telescope with a circulator. The telescope is used for both transmitting and receiving and thus reduces communication terminal dimensions and weight. The optimization model for optimal transmitted power and transceiver gain was derived under the assumption that the dominant noise source was amplifier spontaneous emission (ASE) noise. We investigate the effect of the amplifier spontaneous emission noise on the optimal transmitted power and gain by performing an optimization procedure for various combinations of amplifier gains and noise figures. It was shown that the amplifier noise figure determines the transmitted power needed to achieve the desired BER, but does not affect the transceiver telescope gain. We found in our numerical example that for a BER of 10-9, doubling the amplifier noise figure results in an 80% increase of minimal transmitted power for rms pointing jitter of 0.44 &mu;rad.
Protective Effects of 4-Phenylbutyrate Derivatives on the Neuronal Cell Death and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (2012)

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases. Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) is a terminal aromatic substituted fatty acid that has been used for the treatment of urea cycle disorders. 4-PBA possesses in vitro chemical chaperone activity and reduces the accumulation of Parkin-associated endothelin receptor-like receptor (Pael-R), which is involved in autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP). In this study, we show that terminal aromatic substituted fatty acids, including 3-phenylpropionate (3-PPA), 4-PBA, 5-phenylvaleric acid, and 6-phenylhexanoic acid, prevented the aggregation of lactalbumin and bovine serum albumin. Aggregation inhibition increased relative to the number of carbons in the fatty acids. Moreover, these compounds protected cells against ER stress-induced neuronal cell death. The cytoprotective effect correlated with the in vitro chemical chaperone activity. Similarly, cell viability decreased on treatment with tunicamycin, an ER stress inducer, and was dependent on the number of carbons in the fatty acids. Moreover, the expression of glucose-regulated proteins 94 and 78 (GRP94, 78) decreased according to the number of carbons in the fatty acids. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of these compounds on the accumulation of Pael-R in neuroblastoma cells. 3-PPA and 4-PBA significantly suppressed neuronal cell death caused by ER stress induced by the overexpression of Pael-R. Overexpressed Pael-R accumulated in the ER of cells. With 3-PPA and 4-PBA treatment, the localization of the overexpressed Pael-R shifted away from the ER to the cytoplasmic membrane. These results suggest that terminal aromatic substituted fatty acids are potential candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Design methodology for IRA codes (2004)

Channel coding is an important building block in communication systems since it ensures the quality of service. Irregular repeat-accumulate (IRA) codes belong to the class of Low-Density Parity-Ceck (LDPC) codes and even outperform the recently introduced Turbo-Codes of current communication standards. IRA codes can be represented by a Tanner graph with arbitrary connections between nodes of given degrees. The implementation complexity of an IRA decoders is dominated by the randomness of these connections.In this paper we present for the first time an IRA decoder architecture which can process any given IRA code. We developed a joint graph-decoder design methodology to construct the Tanner graph of a given IRA code which can be efficiently processed by this decoder architecture without any RAM access conflicts. We show that these constructed IRA codes can outperform the UMTS Turbo-Codes.
Switched multiple instruction, multiple data stream processing (1974)

A new architecture is proposed for the effective use of program memory in highly parallel applications. This architecture is particularly suited (but not limited) to being built with standard microprocessors. This architecture utilizes a combination of the state switching idea of the SIMD organization and the multiple data stream idea of MIMD organizations. Through scheduling, the program segments are broadcast at the times required to achieve efficient utilization of the parallel processing array. Relationships are developed to determine, for a given application, if this architecture is more cost effective than comparable SIMD and MIMD organizations.
Reactions of the natural lignan hydroxymatairesinol in basic and acidic nucleophilic media: formation and reactivity of a quinone methide intermediate (2004)

The chemical properties and synthetic modifications of the natural lignan hydroxymatairesinol in basic and acidic nucleophilic media were studied. Hydroxymatairesinol presumably reacts via a quinone methide and a carbonium ion mechanism under basic and acidic conditions, respectively. In these conditions the benzylic hydroxyl group was displaced by nucleophiles yielding new 7-substituted butyrolactone lignans. Reactions in alcoholic basic solutions yielded the 7-alkoxy ethers diastereoselectively. Several previously known lignans as well as new lignans and lignan derivatives were synthesised. The transformations were monitored and the products identified by HPLC-MS and NMR.
MicroRNAs in Cerebrospinal Fluid as Biomarkers in Brain Tumor Patients (2019)

Backround: Although central nervous system (CNS) tumors are not the most common cancers, their incidence rate is constantly growing. Unfortunately, this group of cancers is characterized by a very poor prognosis with a very short average patient survival. Appropriate therapy depends on early and accurate diagnosis. However, this is often limited by brain tumor localization and heterogeneity. Therefore, new diagnostic approaches and biomarkers that are robust, sensitive, specific, and also without need of invasive biopsy, are still being sought. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) comes into direct contact with the CNS and becomes a suitable source of biological material that could reflect actual state of CNS. Suitable molecules in this regard appear to be microRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs, that have been already detected in CSF and whose dysregulated levels are associated with various types of brain tumors. Purpose: Unfortunately, the methodical approaches used for CSF miRNA analysis have not been sufficiently standardized yet. For this reason, we summarize and evaluate methodical approaches which were previously used for miRNA analysis from CSF in order to find the most appropriate ones. Subsequently, we review studies focused on miRNA with potential to become biomarkers of CNS tumors in the future. Supported by Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, grants No. 15-34553A and 15-33158A. All rights reserved. The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers. Submitted: 3. 1. 2019 Accepted: 3. 1. 2019.
Diagnosis of Acid Placement from Downhole Temperature Measurements (2012)

Placement of a sufficient volume of acid in all desired zones is critical for a successful acid stimulation treatment. Particularly in thick, highly heterogeneous carbonate formations, the acid distribution is crucial for optimal stimulation results. A variety of diversion methods are applied in acidizing treatments to evenly place acid along the well, but the effectiveness of these diversion methods is generally only inferred from the rate and pressure behavior during the treatment, and is not known with any certainty. Recently, distributed temperature sensing technology has enabled us to observe dynamic temperature profiles along the wellbore during and immediately following an acid treatment. This technology allows us to monitor and evaluate treatments and diversion methods in real-time and to capture a sequence of temperature profiles at different times during and after acid injection.\n\nWe developed a transient thermal model for reservoir, coupled with a wormhole penetration model. Then the reservoir model is combined with a vertical well temperature model as the forward model, which can predict the temperature behavior inside formation and wellbore during and after a treatment. We applied the forward model in a synthetic two-layer example, and it shows that the temperature increase caused by the reaction between acid and carbonate rock indicates the acid distribution.\n\nAn inversion model was also developed to analyze the temperature data measured after treatments to obtain the acid flow profile for a vertical well. The inversion method applied in this work is Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, which is a stochastic method to search globally for possible results. We discuss the approach to realize the inversion procedure and to make the inversion more efficient.\n\nWe also applied the comprehensive thermal model for hypothetical cases and field cases. The results from the inverse model give us quantitative understanding of acid distribution, which helps us to confirm the success of the acid treatment and diversion methods.
An Investigation Into the Impact of the Flipped Classroom With Active Learning on the Perception and Performance of Biology Nonmajor Students at the Undergraduate Level (2020)

AbstractWe carried out a study of an instructional model that integrates flipped classroom with active learning, in-class activities into our biology course, using a mixed methods research design. According to the survey (n = 331), a majority of students found the flipped classroom engaging and helpful for class preparation and scheduling of learning. Student performance was assessed by pre-and postpeer discussion quizzes. We found that there was a significant number of students who obtained a full score with reduced response times (by an average of 81.3%) after peer discussion at week 9 and 13 of the term. There was also a noticeable difference in the normalized average scores obtained in the final examinations for 2017 as compared to 2015 (before the flip). In summary, the integration of instructional videos with conceptual questions and hands-on, in-class activities for an undergraduate biology course intended for nonmajors resulted in improved students' perceptions of engagement, biology, and scores to a moderate extent. Additional informationNotes on contributorsBina RaiBina Rai (missbina@gmail.com) is a senior lecturer and program director, the Singapore University of Technology and Design in Singapore.Julia Yajuan ZhuJulia Yajuan Zhu is a senior lecturer, the Singapore University of Technology and Design in Singapore.Dawn KohDawn C-I Koh is a senior lecturer, the Singapore University of Technology and Design in Singapore.Khoo XiaojuanKhoo Xiaojuan is a senior lecturer, the Singapore University of Technology and Design in Singapore.Lakshminarasimhan KrishnaswamyLakshminarasimhan Krishnaswamy is a lecturer, the Singapore University of Technology and Design in Singapore.Rajesh ChandramohanadasRajesh Chandramohanadas is an assistant professor, the Singapore University of Technology and Design in Singapore.Ong Eng ShiOng Eng Shi is an adjunct lecturer, the Singapore University of Technology and Design in Singapore.Pey Kin LeongPey Kin Leong is associate provost, the Singapore University of Technology and Design in Singapore.
Computer Assisted Design and Synthesis of Novel Chiral Piperazine Derivatives from 3-Hydroxynopinone (2017)

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) Flaviviridae family comprises of positive sense singlestranded RNA ((+)ssRNA), which infects 3% of the world population that leads to the liver cirrhosis. There is no permanent cure available without side effects till date. Many drug discovery groups around the globe are heading to discover promising anti-HCV drug candidates for this deadly virus. Therefore, it is an urgent need to identify new anti viral agents that target HCV and ultimately give the permanent cure. The genome of HCV contains structural proteins (capsid protein C, membrane protein M, envelope protein E) and non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5). Protease/ helicase NS3 is one non-structural protein, a multifunctional enzyme with serine-protease and NTPase/ helicase activities implicated in the processing of viral polyprotein and to make copies of the HCV genome. Keywords: Binding scores, docking, hepatitis C, NS3h protein, quinoxaline.
Sampling-based trajectory (re)planning for differentially flat systems: Application to a 3D gantry crane (2022)

In this paper, a sampling-based trajectory planning algorithm for a laboratory-scale 3D gantry crane in an environment with static obstacles and subject to bounds on the velocity and acceleration of the gantry crane system is presented. The focus is on developing a fast motion planning algorithm for differentially flat systems, where intermediate results can be stored and reused for further tasks, such as replanning. The proposed approach is based on the informed optimal rapidly exploring random tree algorithm (informed RRT*), which is utilized to build trajectory trees that are reused for replanning when the start and/or target states change. In contrast to state-of-the-art approaches, the proposed motion planning algorithm incorporates a linear quadratic minimum time (LQTM) local planner. Thus, dynamic properties such as time optimality and the smoothness of the trajectory are directly considered in the proposed algorithm. Moreover, by integrating the branch-and-bound method to perform the pruning process on the trajectory tree, the proposed algorithm can eliminate points in the tree that do not contribute to finding better solutions. This helps to curb memory consumption and reduce the computational complexity during motion (re)planning. Simulation results for a validated mathematical model of a 3D gantry crane show the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Decorrelation-Based Concurrent Digital Predistortion With a Single Feedback Path (2017)

In this paper, a novel decorrelation-based concurrent digital predistortion (DPD) solution is proposed for dual-band transmitters (TXs) employing a single wideband power amplifier (PA), and utilizing only a single feedback receiver path. The proposed decorrelation-based parameter learning solution is both flexible and simple, and operates in a closed-loop manner, opposed to the widely applied indirect learning architecture. The proposed decorrelation-based learning and DPD processing can also be effectively applied to more ordinary single carrier/band transmissions, as well as generalized to more than two transmit bands. Through a comprehensive analysis covering both the DPD parameter learning and the main path processing, it is shown that the complexity of the proposed concurrent DPD is substantially lower compared with the other state-of-the-art concurrent DPD methods. Extensive set of simulation and RF measurement results are also presented, using base-station PAs as well as a commercial LTE-Advanced mobile PA, to evaluate and validate the effectiveness of the proposed DPD solution in various real world scenarios, incorporating both single-band and dual-band TX cases. The simulation and RF measurement results demonstrate excellent linearization performance of the proposed concurrent DPD, even outperforming current state-of-the-art methods, despite the significantly lower complexity.
Boosted Wrapper Induction (2000)

Recent work in machine learning for information extraction has focused on two distinct sub-problems: the conventional problem of filling template slots from natural language text, and the problem of wrapper induction, learning simple extraction procedures (&amp;quot;wrappers&amp;quot;) for highly structured text such as Web pages produced by CGI scripts. For suitably regular domains, existing wrapper induction algorithms can efficiently learn wrappers that are simple and highly accurate, but the regularity bias of these algorithms makes them unsuitable for most conventional information extraction tasks. Boosting is a technique for improving the performance of a simple machine learning algorithm by repeatedly applying it to the training set with different example weightings. We describe an algorithm that learns simple, low-coverage wrapper-like extraction patterns, which we then apply to conventional information extraction problems using boosting. The result is BWI, a trainable information extraction system with a strong precision bias and F1 performance better than state-of-the-art techniques in many domains.
A Practical Synthesis of (S)-(-)-Nadifloxacin: Novel Acid-Catalyzed Racemization of Tetrahydroquinaldine Derivative. (1996)

(S)-(-)-Nadifloxacin [(S)-(-)-9-fluoro-6, 7-dihydro-8-(4-hydroxy-1-piperidyl)-5-methyl-1-oxo-1H, 5H-benzo[i, j]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid, (S)-(-)-OPC-7251], an antibacterial agent, was synthesized from (S)-(-)-5, 6-difluoro-2-methyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoline (DFTQ), which was prepared by the optical resolution of recemic DFTQ with 2, 3-di-O-benzoxyl-L-tartaric acid. Racemization of the undesired enantiomer [(R)-(+)-DFTQ] was studied in the presence of various acids and the best result was obtained in the case of methanesulfonic acid. The absolute configuration of (-)-nadifloxacin was determined as S by X-ray crystallographic analysis.