gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Binding to galactose alpha 1----4galactose beta-containing receptors as potential diagnostic tool in urinary tract infection (1987)

The diagnosis of urinary tract infection is based largely on quantitative urine cultures. The usefulness of qualitative information about the virulence of the infecting bacteria remains undefined. Ability to attach to human uroepithelial cells is one characteristic of the pyelonephritogenic clones, as well as a virulence factor per se. The identification of host cell receptors for attaching bacteria has permitted the construction of agglutination tests for simple detection of bacterial binding properties. In the present study, the reactivity with Gal alpha 1----4Gal beta-latex [galactose alpha (1----4)galactose beta-latex] and globotetraosylceramide-latex was analyzed for strains from patients with acute pyelonephritis (n = 135), acute cystitis (n = 121), and asymptomatic bacteriuria (n = 119) and from the fecal flora of healthy children (n = 120) and compared with agglutination of human blood group P1 and p, as well as guinea pig, erythrocytes. The reactivity by bioassay and the receptor-specific assays were significantly correlated. The frequency of positive reactions among the pyelonephritis isolates was 78.5% with the globotetraosylceramide-latex reagent, compared with 41% for the cystitis isolates, 25% for the asymptomatic bacteriuria isolates, and 13% for the fecal isolates. The combination of bioassays and receptor-specific assays increased the resolution of adhesins. Thus, adhesins reacting with human p erythrocytes frequently were coexpressed with Gal alpha 1----4Gal beta-specific adhesins. The receptor-specific assays provide a refined reagent to resolve bacterial binding specificities, as well as a potential tool for clinical diagnosis.
Detection of residue contacts in a protein folding intermediate (1997)

Protein folding can be described in terms of the development of specific contacts between residues as a highly disordered polypeptide chain converts into the native state. Here we describe an NMR based strategy designed to detect such contacts by observation of nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs). Experiments with alpha-lactalbumin reveal the existence of extensive NOEs between aromatic and aliphatic protons in the archetypal molten globule formed by this protein at low pH. Analysis of their time development provides direct evidence for near-native compactness of this state. Through a rapid refolding procedure the NOE intensity can be transferred efficiently into the resolved and assigned spectrum of the native state. This demonstrates the viability of using this approach to map out time-averaged interactions between residues in a partially folded protein.
Actions Neuromusculaire et Cardiaque d'un Extrait Alcaloïdique de Strychnos icaja (1980)

peer reviewed
Hybrid-ARQ scheme using different TCM for retransmission (2000)

A new hybrid automatic repeat-request (ARQ) scheme that uses supplementary trellis codes for retransmission is described. In this scheme, supplementary codes are designed to compensate for the squared free distance (d/sub free//sup 2/) of the trellis code used for the previous transmission. Differently encoded codewords are combined and decoded by the same Viterbi decoder at the receiver. This scheme provides improved (d/sub free//sup 2/) upon retransmission compared with that provided by the conventional trellis coded hybrid-ARQ scheme where the same coding scheme is used for all transmissions.
Choice of catalysts for FCC pretreatment (1984)

Catalysts for FCC pretreatment are facing increasingly tougher feedstocks. This is partly the result of the general reduced availability of sweet crudes, and partly due to inclusion of larger amounts of unsaturated fractions such as coker gas oils. At the same time, process conditions are often limited by equipment designed for easier feedstocks. The result is that the requirements to the pretreating catalyst are today far more exacting. In this paper the authors demonstrate that the conversion of sulfur, nitrogen and polynuclear aromatics can be maximised by varying catalyst pore dimensions and/or particle size. Furthermore, it is shown that the optimum pore size depends on the reactivity of the feedstock and its diffusional properties. Whether or not it is advantageous to use smaller particles also depends on the properties of the feed.
Broadband and Precise Microwave Time Reversal Using a Single Linearly Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating (2015)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel technique to achieve broadband and precise microwave time reversal using a single linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating (LCFBG). In the proposed approach, the time reversal is realized by the LCFBG that is operating in conjunction with a polarization beam splitter (PBS) to enable a triple use of the LCFBG with the microwave waveform entering the LCFBG from either the long or the short wavelength end. Since the LCFBG has a wide bandwidth and is used three times with exactly complementary and identical dispersion, broadband and precise microwave time reversal is ensured. A theoretical analysis is performed which is validated by simulations and an experiment. The time reversal of three different microwave waveforms with a bandwidth over 4 GHz and a time duration of approximately 10 ns is demonstrated.
Lineage switch from acute myeloid leukemia to acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Report of an adult case and review of the literature (2000)

Lineage switch from AML to ALL is an extremely rare phenomenon, and we report the case of an adult diagnosed with AML at 46 years of age who relapsed with ALL. At initial diagnosis, blast cell morphology and immunophenotyping were consistent with the diagnosis of M4-AML. Complete remission was achieved, and the patient underwent autologous BMT. At relapse, six months after ABMT, blast cells were different from those seen at initial diagnosis, for morphology (L2-ALL), cytochemistry, and immunophenotyping. The karyotype was normal at both diagnosis and relapse. No evidence of bcr-abl fusion genes was found by RT-PCR. Monoclonal IgH and TCR gamma gene rearrangement were evidenced by PCR analysis at relapse but not on blast cells at AML diagnosis.
Guessing Facets: Polytope Structure and Improved LP Decoder (2006)

A new approach for decoding binary linear codes by solving a linear program (LP) over a relaxed codeword polytope was recently proposed by Feldman et al. In this paper we investigate the structure of the polytope used in the LP relaxation decoding. We begin by showing that for expander codes, every fractional pseudocodeword always has at least a constant fraction of non-integral bits. We then prove that for expander codes, the active set of any fractional pseudocodeword is smaller by a constant fraction than the active set of any codeword. We exploit this fact to devise a decoding algorithm that provably outperforms the LP decoder for finite blocklengths. It proceeds by guessing facets of the polytope, and resolving the linear program on these facets. While the LP decoder succeeds only if the ML codeword has the highest likelihood over all pseudocodewords, we prove that for expander codes the proposed algorithm succeeds even with a constant number of pseudocodewords of higher likelihood. Moreover, the complexity of the proposed algorithm is only a constant factor larger than that of the LP decoder
The Fusion of Scientific Spirit and Humane Spirit (2006)

The division of scientific spirit and humane spirit is unfavorable to social progress and human development.The scientific spirit without humane spirit is not the genuine scientific spirit and the humane spirit without scientific spirit is the incomplete humane spirit.The inherent consistency and the fusion of scientific spirit and humane spirit reflects the unity of objective law and subjective purpose.The development of modern society calls for the fusion of the above two kinds of spirit.Some feasible ways to fuse humane spirit and scientific spirit are also presented.
NEREL: A Russian Dataset with Nested Named Entities, Relations and Events (2021)

In this paper, we present NEREL, a Russian dataset for named entity recognition and relation extraction. NEREL is significantly larger than existing Russian datasets: to date it contains 56K annotated named entities and 39K annotated relations. Its important difference from previous datasets is annotation of nested named entities, as well as relations within nested entities and at the discourse level. NEREL can facilitate development of novel models that can extract relations between nested named entities, as well as relations on both sentence and document levels. NEREL also contains the annotation of events involving named entities and their roles in the events. The NEREL collection is available via https://github.com/nerel-ds/NEREL.
Flexible thin film pH sensor based on low‐temperature atomic layer deposition (2017)

Flexible and transparent zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film field‐effect transistors (TF‐FET) for the use as small volume potentiometric pH sensors are developed. Low temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) is used for the fabrication of the metal oxides ZnO and aluminum dioxide (Al 2 O 3 ). Changing the deposition temperature of the ZnO from 150 to 100 °C allowed a significant increase in resistivity by four orders of magnitude. Hence, adjusting the controlled low carrier concentration for the field‐effect based sensor is demonstrated. ZnO TF‐FET pH sensors fabricated on silicon/silicon dioxide (Si/SiO 2 ) substrates are compared with sensors based on flexible and transparent polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) foil substrates. Comparison of both types of pH sensors showed successful pH sensitivity for pH ranging from 5 to 10 in both cases.
Molecules to Selectively Target Receptors for Treatment of Pain and Neurogenic Inflammation (2012)

Receptors that are involved in generation and transduction of pain signals attract much interest from the scientific and corporate communities. Good commercial prospects for successful development of effective analgesic drugs stimulate significantly the research. This article provides a brief overview of the key molecular targets, i.e. cell receptors, inhibition of which can lead to analgesia. Today transient receptor potential (TRP), purinergic (P2X) receptors and acidsensing ion channels (ASIC) are considered to be the most important proteins for perception of pain stimuli. These ionotropic receptors also participate in the development of inflammation; their hyperactivity leads to many pathological conditions and is closely associated with acute and inflammatory pain. Development of molecules capable to selectively modulate these receptors, their in vitro and in vivo effects, as well as perspectives for practical application described in patents and research articles are reviewed in this paper.
A Novel Antiserum Specific to Apolipoprotein B-48: Application in the Investigation of Postprandial Lipidaemia in Humans (1993)

1. Apolipoprotein B-48, the transport protein for chylomicrons, is identical with apolipoprotein B-100 for the first 48% of its sequence. No antiserum has yet been reported that can recognize apolipoprotein B-48, but not apolipoprotein B-100. 2. In the present study an antiserum was raised to the C-terminal sequence of apolipoprotein B-48, using specific chemical reactions to ensure that the charged carboxyl group of the C-terminal isoleucine residue was free. In a Western blot the antiserum was shown to bind to a protein band having the characteristics of apolipoprotein B-48, but not to apolipoprotein B-100. 3. In the early evening 11 subjects were given a test meal which contained 40 g of mixed oil and retinyl palmitate. Blood samples were collected over 9 h. Chylomicron-enriched fractions were prepared and analysed for triacylglycerol, retinyl palmitate and apolipoprotein B-48, the latter after separation using SDS/PAGE and visualization by chemiluminescence on a Western blot. Both triacylglycerol and apolipoprotein B-48 showed an early peak at 1 h, which was not seen with retinyl palmitate. All three substances gave a broader peak between 5 and 6 h postprandially. Retinyl palmitate concentrations declined rapidly during the late (6-9 h) postprandial period, but apolipoprotein B-48 concentrations remained elevated. 4. This study has shown that an antiserum has been produced which is specific for apolipoprotein B-48. This has enabled measurement of postprandial concentrations of the protein that revealed features of chylomicron metabolism which have not been reported previously.
Active-phased-arrays and digital beamforming: Amazing breakthroughs and future trends (2008)

Many think that radar is a mature field, nothing new to happen; it has been around a long time. Nothing can be further from the truth. When the author entered the field in the 50psilas the author thought the same thing. The MIT Radiation Lab series 28 book volume set summarizing the highly classified World War II work on radar was just published and provided the definitive coverage and there was to be nothing more to learn. Since then many amazing new developments have taken place, especially with respect to active-phased-arrays and digital beam forming (DBF). Things are moving even faster now. We live in exciting times.
Direct Transfer of Plasmid DNA from Intact Yeast Spheroplasts into Plant Protoplasts (1994)

We developed a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated direct DNA transfer method from intact Saccharomyces cerevisiae spheroplasts into Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts. To monitor the DNA transfer from yeast to plant cells, β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene in which a plant intron was inserted was used as a reporter. This intron-GUS reporter gene on a 2μm-based plasmid vector was not expressed in yeast transformants, while it expressed GUS activity when the plasmid DNA was introduced into plant cells. When a mixture of 1 × 108 of S. cerevisiae spheroplasts harboring the plasmid and 2 × 106 of A. thaliana protoplasts was treated with PEG and high pH-high Ca2+ solution (0.4 M mannitol, 50 mM CaCl2, 50 mM glycine-NaOH pH 10.5), GUS activity was detected in the extract of the plant cells after a three-day culture. The GUS activity was higher than that of a reconstitution experiment in which the mixture of 1 × 108 of S. cerevisiae spheroplasts which did not carry the reporter gene, 2 × 106 of A. thaliana protoplasts and the same amount of the reporter plasmid DNA as that contained in 1 × 108 of S. cerevisiae spheroplasts, was treated with PEG and high pH-high Ca2+ solution. Moreover, the GUS gene expression was resistant to micrococcal nuclease treatment before and during PEG treatment. From these results, we concluded that plasmid DNA can be directly transferred from intact yeast spheroplasts to plant protoplasts by a nuclease-resistant process, possibly by the cell fusion.
Delay calibration method for precise and accurate two way satellite time and frequency transfer (2003)

The two way satellite time and frequency transfer (TWSTFT) is one of the most accurate and precise time transfer techniques. But there are possibilities of nanosecond level time transfer errors due to delay variations, mainly caused by temperature variations. This paper reports a measurement technique under development at the Communications Research Laboratory using a multi-channel time transfer modem.
Rates of Solvolysis of the Halophenyldimethylcarbinyl Chlorides. The Effect of Halogen Substituents upon the Rates of Electrophilic Reactions1-3 (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRates of Solvolysis of the Halophenyldimethylcarbinyl Chlorides. The Effect of Halogen Substituents upon the Rates of Electrophilic Reactions1-3Herbert C. Brown, Y. Okamoto, and George HamCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 8, 1906–1909Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1957https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01565a037RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views619Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (443 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Point Cloud Codec for Tele-Immersive Video (2016)

We present a generic and real-time time-varying point cloud codec for 3D immersive video. This codec is suitable for mixed reality applications in which 3D point clouds are acquired at a fast rate. In this codec, intra frames are coded progressively in an octree subdivision. To further exploit interframe dependencies, we present an inter-prediction algorithm that partitions the octree voxel space in N × N × N macroblocks (N = 8, 16, 32). The algorithm codes points in these blocks in the predictive frame as a rigid transform applied to the points in the intra-coded frame. The rigid transform is computed using the iterative closest point algorithm and compactly represented in a quaternion quantization scheme. To encode the color attributes, we defined a mapping of color per vertex attributes in the traversed octree to an image grid and use legacy image coding method based on JPEG. As a result, a generic compression framework suitable for realtime 3D tele-immersion is developed. This framework has been optimized to run in real time on commodity hardware for both the encoder and decoder. Objective evaluation shows that a higher rate-distortion performance is achieved compared with available point cloud codecs. A subjective study in a state-of-the-art mixed reality system shows that introduced prediction distortions are negligible compared with the original reconstructed point clouds. In addition, it shows the benefit of reconstructed point cloud video as a representation in the 3D virtual world. The codec is available as open source for integration in immersive and augmented communication applications and serves as a base reference software platform in JTC1/SC29/WG11 (MPEG) for the further development of standardized point-cloud compression solutions.
LONG-TERM SURVIVAL FOLLOWING KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION IN 100 TYPE I DIABETIC PATIENTS (1989)

Between December 1966 and April 1978, 265 uremic patients with type I diabetes received primary renal allografts at the University of Minnesota. One hundred of the diabetic patients were alive with a functioning graft 10 years after transplantation. The actual 10-year patient and primary graft functional survival rates overall were 40% and 32%, respectively. For recipients of HLA-identical sibling (n = 45), mismatched living-related (n = 121), and cadaver donor grafts (n = 99), the actual 10-year patient survival rates were 64%, 33%, and 36%, respectively, and the actual 10-year graft functional survival rates were 62%, 28%, and 22%, respectively. The differences in patient and graft survival rates between HLA-identical graft recipients and recipients of mismatched related and cadaver grafts were significant (P less than 0.001). Of the 100 patients who survived into a second decade, at 15 years posttransplant 51% were alive, and 41% had functioning grafts. For recipients of HLA-identical sibling, mismatched living-related donor grafts, and cadaver donor grafts who survived 10 years, 47%, 57%, and 43%, respectively, were alive at 15 years, and 31%, 45%, and 43%, respectively, had functioning grafts. For recipients who made it to the second decade, patient and primary graft survival rates thereafter were not statistically different by donor source. Twenty-three patients died in the second decade after transplantation, 10 of cardiovascular disease. Twenty-five patients lost graft function in the second decade, 19 from death with a functioning graft. In regard to diabetic complications, recurrence of diabetic nephropathy was common, but only two patients lost graft function solely for this reason. In 21 patients (42 eyes) followed prospectively for 10 years, visual acuity deteriorated in 26%, was stable in 64%, and improved in 10% of eyes. Neurophysiological test results indicated that correction of uremia does not stop the progression of diabetic neuropathy in recipients of kidney transplants alone. Even without cyclosporine, nearly two-thirds of recipients of HLA-identical kidney grafts, more than one-quarter of recipients of mismatched living-related donor grafts, and more than one-fifth receiving cadaver grafts enjoyed an extension of life for more than 10 years.
Identification of simple arylfluorosulfates as potent agents against resistant bacteria (2021)

Sulfur fluoride exchange (SuFEx), a next generation of click chemistry, opens an avenue for drug discovery. We report here the discovery and structure-activity relationship studies of a series of arylfluorosulfates, synthesized via SuFEx, as antibacterial agents. Arylfluorosulfates 3, 81, and 101 showed potency to overcome multidrug resistance and were not susceptible to the generation of resistance. They exhibited rapid bactericidal potency and selectively killed gram-positive bacterial strains. These compounds also exhibited the ability to disrupt established bacterial biofilm and kill persisters derived from biofilm. Furthermore, arylfluorosulfate 3 had a synergistic effect with streptomycin and gentamicin. In addition, their anti-MRSA potency was evaluated and determined by the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> model.
System-Independent Characterization of Materials Using Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (2016)

We present a new decomposition approach for dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) called SIRZ that provides precise and accurate material description, independent of the scanner, over diagnostic energy ranges (30 to 200 keV). System independence is achieved by explicitly including a scanner-specific spectral description in the decomposition method, and a new X-ray-relevant feature space. The feature space consists of electron density, ρ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">e</sub> , and a new effective atomic number, Z <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">e</sub> , which is based on published X-ray cross sections. Reference materials are used in conjunction with the system spectral response so that additional beam-hardening correction is not necessary. The technique is tested against other methods on DECT data of known specimens scanned by diverse spectra and systems. Uncertainties in accuracy and precision are less than 3% and 2% respectively for the (ρ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">e</sub> , Z <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">e</sub> ) results compared to prior methods that are inaccurate and imprecise (over 9%).