gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chirped pulse amplification with a nonlinearly chirped fiber Bragg grating matched to the Treacy compressor (2004)

We demonstrate a fiber chirped pulse amplification system that uses an engineered nonlinearly chirped fiber Bragg grating stretcher dispersion matched to the Treacy compressor. The seed pulses at 1558 nm are stretched to 720 ps, amplified by more than 50 dB to 6.5-microJ energy, and recompressed to 940 fs. After almost 1000 times compression the pulses are within 30% of the bandwidth limit and have a contrast ratio of better than 30 dB.
A reactive oxygen species–responsive prodrug micelle with efficient cellular uptake and excellent bioavailability (2018)

Stimuli-responsive polymeric drug delivery systems are of great interest in anticancer research. Here, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive prodrug was prepared by thioketal linkage of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). The ROS-responsive property of the prodrug was confirmed by dynamic light scattering and <sup>1</sup>H NMR. The prodrug was then used as a drug carrier to further load DOX, to form a DOX-loaded prodrug micelle, which showed dual ROS and pH-responsive release behaviors. The prodrug micelle exhibited rapid intracellular uptake. Interestingly, the in vitro anticancer activity of the ROS-responsive prodrug micelle was better than that of the DOX-loaded prodrug micelle because of its faster cellular uptake and better bioavailability. However, both the ROS-responsive prodrug and drug-loaded prodrug micelles showed better anticancer efficacy than a non-responsive DOX-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polycaprolactone (PEG2k-PCL5k) micelle. Consistent results were obtained in in vivo animal experiments as the antitumor efficacy of the prodrug micelle was superior to that of the DOX-loaded prodrug micelle. Both micelles showed negligible systemic toxicity in vivo.
Which Process Limits the Operation of a Li–S System? (2019)

The impact of the solid film deposit (mainly Li 2 S) on the complex electrochemistry of a Li-S cell is studied in detail. Already a simple, straightforward experiment strongly indicates that this impact might be much smaller than usually assumed. Notably, a similar phenomenon is demonstrated for another battery operated on the same basic principle: the magnesium-sulfur battery. In order to better detect the surface-specific phenomena associated with formation and properties of the solid surface deposit, we construct special electrochemical cells with a flat glassy carbon disc or other well-defined materials. Different model systems are prepared in which crucial variables such as the electrode configuration, separator type, and state of charge are varied in a systematic and controlled way. Electrochemical results are supplemented with data from microstructural analysis, in particular focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) imaging and X-ray diffraction analysis. We show that the growth of the surface film is more complex than generally assumed and that its defect-rich morphology hardly represents any obstacle for electrochemical reaction(s) to take place. Rather, the cell operation is limited by diffusional processes and depletion of polysulfide concentration in electrolyte. The new insight into the occurrence, properties, and especially the impact of solid film deposits on operation of the Li-S system is expected to have important implications for future design of Li-S practical cells.
Enabling Rapid State of Health Offline Estimation of a 48V Lithium-Ion Battery Pack (2022)

This paper investigates a model-based procedure for rapid SOH estimation of a 48V battery pack used in the automotive sector. The proposed approach is based on an artificial neural network, is off-line, and does not need the vehicle to be operational, thus reducing on-board computational cost and hardware complexity. Moreover, the algorithm discussed in this paper can be easily implemented in a prototype hardware and it allows estimating the SOH of a 48V battery pack in a matter of minutes with a 96.3% accuracy when compared to experimentally acquired data.
The nonequilibrium Green's functions method and descendants: Ways to avoid and to go (2010)

We present a novel quantum transport method that follows the non-equilibrium Green's function framework but sidesteps the iterative calculation of lesser self energies by replacing them by global relaxation parameters. This method generalizes the so-called Buttiker probe model but takes into account all relevant individual scattering mechanisms. It is orders of magnitude more efficient than a fully self-consistent non-equilibrium Green's function calculation for realistic devices, yet accurately reproduces the results of the later method.
Oyster Shell as Substitute for Aggregate in Mortar (2004)

Enormous amounts of oyster shell waste have been illegally disposed of at oyster farm sites along the southern coast of Korea. In this study to evaluate the possibility of recycling this waste for use as a construction material, the mechanical characteristics of pulverized oyster shell were investigated in terms of its potential utilization as a substitute for the aggregates used in mortar. The unconfined compressive strengths of various soil mortar specimens, with varying blending ratios of cement, water and oyster shell, were evaluated by performing unconfined compression tests, and the results were compared with the strengths of normal cement mortar made with sand. In addition, the effect of organic chemicals on the hardening of concrete was evaluated by preparing ethyl-benzene-mixed mortar specimens. The long-term strength improvement resulting from the addition of fly ash was also examined by performing unconfined compression tests on specimens with fly-ash content. There was no significant reduction in the compressive strength of the mortars containing small oyster shell particles instead of sand. From these test data, the possible application of oyster shells in construction materials could be verified, and the change in the strength parameters according to the presence of organic compounds was also evaluated.
Carrier concentration dependence of the scanning capacitance microscopy signal in the vicinity of p–n junctions (2000)

Scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) was used to image (1) boron dopant gradients in p-type silicon and (2) identical boron dopant gradients in n-type silicon. The bias voltage dependence of the apparent p–n junction location in the (SCM) images was measured. The theoretical bias voltage dependence of the apparent p–n junction location of the same structures was determined using a two-dimensional, numerical Poisson equation solver. The simulations confirm that, for symmetric step p–n junctions, the apparent junction coincides with the electrical junction when the bias voltage is midway between the voltage that produces the peak SCM response on the p-type side and the voltage that produces the peak response on the n-type side. This rule is only approximately true for asymmetrically doped junctions. We also specify the extent of the region on the junction high and low sides from which valid carrier profiles may be extracted with a simple model.
Augmenting film and video footage with sensor data (2004)

With the advent of tiny networked devices, Mark Weiser's vision of a world embedded with invisible computers is coming to age. Due to their small size and relative ease of deployment, sensor networks have been utilized by zoologists, seismologists and military personnel. In this paper, we investigate the application of sensor networks to the film industry. In particular, we are interested in augmenting film and video footage with sensor data. Unobtrusive sensors are deployed on a film set or in a television studio and on performers. During a filming of a scene, sensor data such as light intensity, color temperature and location are collected and synchronized with each film or video frame. Later, editors, graphics artists and programmers can view this data in synchronization with film and video playback. For example, such data can help define a new level of seamless integration between computer graphics and real world photography. A real-time version of our system would allow sensor data to trigger camera movement and cue special effects. In this paper, we discuss the design and implementation of the first part of our embedded film set environment, the augmented recording system. Augmented recording is a foundational component for the UCLA Hypermedia Studio's research into the use of sensor networks in film and video production. In addition, we have evaluated our system in a television studio.
SIGGRAPH Asia 2016: Mobile Graphics and Interactive Applications (MGIA 2016) (2016)

The SIGGRAPH Asia Symposium on Mobile Graphics and Interactive Applications will offer attendees the opportunity to explore the opportunities and challenges of mobile applications relevant to the global graphics community. The program covers the development, technology, and marketing of mobile graphics and interactive applications. It will especially highlight novel uses of graphics and interactivity on mobile devices. Attendees can expect to be exposed to the latest in mobile graphics and interactive applications through expert keynote talks, paper presentations, panel discussions, industry case studies, and hands-on demonstrations.
Design of microstrip power dividers with filtering functions (2012)

This paper presents the design of a novel microstrip power divider/combiner able to provide a selective bandpass filter. The structure consists of a combination of several T-junctions with novel configurations to generate frequency-variant couplings (FVC). These FVC also create n+1 transmission zeros in the frequency response. A practical design technique for this component is introduced, including figures and formulas for accurate and fast conception. To validate the design, a 1:8 power divider is fabricated and measured. The power divider generates a two-pole bandpass filter centered at 10 GHz. The proposed technique also provides three transmission zeros at 8.75, 11.75 and 12.25 GHz. The proposed technique can easily be extended to a different number of outputs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stimuli Responsive Materials (2013)

Abstract Review: special issue with 23 reviews; &lt;1000 refs.
Trading in a Pure Exchange Economy without an Auctioneer: An Experimental Approach (1993)

This paper explores alternatives to the vVa1rasian Auctioneer for the allocation of resources in a pure exchange economy lacking a bilateral coincidence of wants. We have created three different computerized trading processes called BARTER, NUMERAIRE, and CARE (acronym for Computer Assisted Resource Exchange). CARE is a "smart market" in the sense that it contains computer algorithms that assist users in finding a coincidence of wants. The experimental results show that CARE outperforms BARTER and NUMERAIRE by extracting most of the gains from exchange with fewer contracts, lower volume, smaller utility swings, and lower variances in final utility positions.
Recurrence predictive factors of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (2015)

<b>Introduction:</b> Rapid improvement of clinical findings is observed after the treatment with corticosteroid, but relapse commonly occur in cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP). <b>Objective:</b> We attempt to reveal the clinical factors to predict recurrence of COP. <b>Subjects and Methods:</b> The pathology files of our institute from 2007 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed and 301 patients with biopsy-proven organizing pneumonia (OP) were selected. Secondary OP was excluded and 92 patients were diagnosed with COP. We collected laboratory data including C-reactive protein (CRP), Krebs von den Lungen (KL)-6, surfactant protein (SP)-D, arterial blood gas analysis and pulmonary function tests. Clinical factors were compared between relapsed cases and non-relapsed cases by Fisher9s exact test or Wilcoxon rank sum test, and its predictive significance of recurrence was evaluated by Log-rank test. <b>Results:</b> The median age was 68.2 years and 65 cases were male. Median observation period was 434 days. Corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressant were administered to 34 patients. Relapse of COP was observed in 14 cases. Median duration until the first recurrence was 289 days. Serum CRP was significantly elevated in relapsed cases than non-relapsed cases. There was no significant difference in serum KL-6 and SP-D between two groups. Relapsed cases needed treatment significantly more frequently than non-relapsed cases (p=0.006). Risk of relapse was significantly higher in treated cases (p=0.017) and cases with higher serum CRP (p=0.0006). <b>Conclusion:</b> Necessity of treatment and high serum CRP are significant predictive factors of recurrence in COP patients. (This study is partially supported by Grant from National Hospital Organization).
Cadmium and Nickel Uptake Are Differentially Modulated by Salicylic Acid inMatricaria chamomillaPlants (2009)

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) is a widely used medicinal plant which also accumulates heavy metals in its above-ground organs. We investigated the effect of the important plant signaling molecule, salicylic acid (SA), on the accumulation of Ni or Cd, by exposing plants over 7 days to 60 microM solutions of individual heavy metals with or without 50 microM SA. Special emphasis was focused on phenolic metabolism-related parameters, not only because of their importance for growth and stress tolerance but also because phenolics are potent antioxidants in human diet. In combined treatments, SA stimulated an increase in soluble proteins of roots and reduced their water content. SA reduced total Cd in the shoot and increased Ni. Total and "intraroot" Ni decreased in Ni + SA treatment, while in the case of Cd, only "intraroot" content decreased in Cd + SA treatment, being correlated with cell wall-bound phenolic acids and lignin. SA was strongly accumulated in roots from the Ni + SA treatment, being correlated with an increase in hydrogen peroxide. In both Cd + SA and Ni + SA treatments, SA enhanced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and accumulation of total soluble phenols, particularly in the roots. Here, we report for the first time that soluble phenols may be involved in Cd shoot-to-root translocation. In the case of Ni, it seems that phenols serve as a root barrier in order to prevent Ni from reaching the above-ground organs. The effects of SA on phenolic metabolism, and the signaling role of ROS in the accumulation of phenols, are discussed.
Notes - Reactions Between Chloro-p-benzoquinones and β-Naphthol (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Reactions Between Chloro-p-benzoquinones and β-NaphtholAbdel-Mequid OsmanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 3, 342–344Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1957Publication History Published online14 April 2003Published inissue 1 March 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01354a616https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01354a616research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views125Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Hypervalent Iodine Chemistry: 25 Years of Development at the University of Thessaloniki (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The C-174G Promoter Polymorphism of the IL-6 Gene Affects Energy Expenditure and Insulin Sensitivity (2003)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine expressed in many tissues. IL-6 null mice show low energy expenditure, but the effect of the variants of the IL-6 gene on energy expenditure has not been previously studied in humans. Therefore, we investigated the effect of the C-174G promoter polymorphism of the IL-6 gene on energy expenditure, measured by indirect calorimetry in healthy Finnish subjects (n = 124). We also measured insulin sensitivity by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Subjects with the C-174C genotype of the IL-6 gene had significantly lower energy expenditure than subjects with the G-174C or G-174G genotypes both in fasting (CC 13.68 +/- 1.98, CG 14.73 +/- 1.57, GG 14.81 +/- 2.01 kcal x kg(-1) x min(-1); P = 0.012) and during the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (CC 15.24 +/- 2.05, CG 16.62 +/- 2.06, GG 16.66 +/- 2.50 kcal x kg(-1) x min(-1); P = 0.007). Moreover, subjects homozygous for the C allele had lower rates of whole-body glucose uptake than carriers of the G allele (CC 50.95 +/- 13.91, CG 59.40 +/- 14.17, GG 59.21 +/- 15.93 micro mol x kg(-1) x min(-1); P = 0.016). The rates of both oxidative (P = 0.013) and nonoxidative (P = 0.016) glucose disposal were significantly affected by the IL-6 promoter polymorphism. In conclusion, the C-174C promoter polymorphism of the IL-6 gene influences energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity in healthy normoglycemic subjects. Whether this polymorphism is a risk factor for obesity or type 2 diabetes can be estimated only in prospective population-based studies.
Molecular mechanisms of gap junction assembly in the cochlea (2018)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
Assessment and comparison of likely density distributions in the cases of thickness measurement of skin tumours by ultrasound examination and histological analysis (2016)

Ultrasonic diagnostic methods are used to estimate the structural changes and to measure parameters of lesions of the human tissue. Nowadays, the special algorithms of medical data analysis are able to perform diagnosis and monitor the progress of treatment, efficiency of treatment methods, also to estimate the health status and to make prognosis of the diseases evolution. The aim of the presented research is to check the goodness of fit test for thicknesses of the skin tumours measured in two different ways (ultrasound examination and histological analysis) and to compare the compatibility of likely density of histological thicknesses distribution of the skin tumours and density of Normal distribution. As a result, the study has showed that thicknesses of the skin tumours measured by ultrasonic method are strongly similar to histological values, which means that the density of ultrasonic thicknesses distribution and density of Normal distribution are closely interconnected. Therefore, the obtained results show the sufficient level of reliability in the case of application of non-invasive ultrasonic thickness measurement comparing with reference invasive technique based on biopsy and histological thickness evaluation.
Increased mutation frequency and altered spectrum in one of four thymic lymphomas derived from tumor prone p53/Big Blue double transgenic mice. (1996)

p53 (-/-), lacI (+/-) double transgenic (p53/Big Blue3) mice provide an opportunity to examine the relationship in vivo between somatic mutation and tumorigenesis. Previously, the frequency and spectra of lacI mutations were found to be similar in normal tissues of 6 week old p53 (-/-) lacI (+/-) and p53 (+/+) lacI (+/-) mice. Herein, p53 (-/-), lacI (+/-) mice were used to examine the frequency and spectrum of spontaneous mutation in thymic lymphomas. Four mice with thymic lymphomas were sacrificed at 2.5, 3, 4 and 4.5 months of age. Normal thymus harvested from two p53 (+/+) lacI (+/-) mice and two p53 (-/-) lacI (+/-) mice served as controls. The mutation frequency in tumor 108 (6.8 x 10(-5)) was elevated 2.3-fold relative to the p53 (-/-) control (P<0.0001; chi2 test). The mutation spectra were also different (P=0.0009; Fisher exact test); in particular, A:T-->G:C transitions were prominently overrepresented in tumor 108. In addition, there were two examples of unusual deletions with inversions. In tumors 44 and 115, but not 110, there were trends toward increased mutation frequencies and altered spectra, but, within the constraints of present sample sizes, the results are not statistically significant. In conclusion, these findings suggest that altered frequencies and spectra exist in a subset of thymic lymphomas, perhaps due to somatic mutation in one or more DNA repair genes.
Scanning Electron Microscopy Dopant Contrast Imaging of Phosphorus‐Diffused Silicon (2022)

Abstract Phosphorous dopant diffusion profiles feature in many silicon semiconductor devices, including the vast majority of silicon solar cells. Accurate spatially resolved dopant profiling is crucial for understanding the performance of these diffused regions, however, it is very challenging to obtain such profiles in non‐planar samples. Scanning electron microscopy for dopant contrast imaging (SEMDCI), where the secondary electron (SE) image contrast is used to determine the dopant level of a semiconductor sample, is an ideal candidate for Si dopant profiling, especially for silicon samples with surface nanotexturing or black silicon (BSi) technology. However, in previous SEMDCI studies, the dopant concentration of heavily doped n‐type layers in silicon samples have shown a poor correlation with the SE signal contrast. In this work, 1) good contrast for n‐type diffused silicon without contrast‐enhancing techniques; 2) a new contrast definition to account for imaging non‐uniformities; 3) clear correlations between SE contrast and sample work function for phosphorus‐diffused planar silicon specimens across a wide range of emitter profiles; 4) implementation of an empirical baseline correction to normalize scanning electron microscopy image condition variations, are presented. This SEMDCI method is subsequently used for the first time to obtain 2D electron concentration maps for both planar and BSi samples.
<title>Three-Dimensional Imaging With Holographic Stereograms</title> (1983)

The holographic stereogram has considerable commercial potential as a medium for displaying three-dimensional imagery. Application of the cylindrical holographic stereogram has been limited, however, by format constraints and image distortions and aberrations. This paper discusses these limitations and describes several methods, both demonstrated and proposed, which seek to eliminate these limitations.