gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of PSMA PET/CT with fluoride PET/CT for detection of bone metastatic disease in prostate cancer (2021)

Abstract 18 F-NaF positron emission tomography/computed tomography (fluoride PET/CT) is considered the most sensitive technique to detect bone metastasis in prostate cancer (PCa). 68 Ga-PSMA-11 (PSMA) PET/CT is increasingly used for staging of PCa. This study primarily aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of fluoride PET/CT and PSMA PET/CT in identifying bone metastasis followed by a comparison of PSMA PET/CT with contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) in identifying soft tissue lesions as a secondary objective. Methods : Twenty-eight PCa patients with high suspicion of disseminated disease following curative treatment were prospectively evaluated. PET/CT examinations using fluoride and PSMA were performed. All suspicious bone lesions were counted, and the tracer uptake was measured as standardized uptake values (SUV) for both tracers. In patients with multiple findings, ten bone lesions with highest SUV max were selected from which identical lesions from both scans were considered for direct comparison of SUV max . PSA at scan was correlated with findings of both scans. Results : Both scans were negative for bone lesions in 7 patients (25%). Of 699 lesions consistent with skeletal metastasis in 21 patients on fluoride PET/CT, PSMA PET/CT identified 579 lesions (83%). In 69 identical bone lesions fluoride PET/CT showed significantly higher uptake (mean SUV max :73.1 ± 36.8) compared to PSMA PET/CT (34.5 ± 31.4; p &lt; 0.001). PSA at scan was correlated with SUV max of PSMA PET/CT (r = 0.58; p = 0.01). No correlation was observed between PSA and fluoride PET/CT measurements. Compared to CE-CT, PSMA PET/CT showed better diagnostic performance in locating local (96% vs 61%, p = 0.004) and lymph node (94% vs 46%, p &lt; 0.001) metastasis. Conclusion : PSMA PET/CT was able to detect majority of bone lesions that were positive on fluoride PET/CT and was better correlated with PSA at time of scan. Further, this study indicates better diagnostic performance of PSMA PET/CT to locate soft tissue lesions compared to CE-CT.
Vector flow imaging techniques: An innovative ultrasonographic technique for the study of blood flow (2017)

Doppler ultrasonography is routinely used to identify abnormal blood flow. Nevertheless, conventional Doppler can be used to determine only the axial component of blood flow velocity and is angle dependent. A new method of multidimensional angle-independent estimation of flow velocity, called Vector Flow Imaging (VFI), has been proposed. It quantitatively evaluates the true velocity vector's amplitude and direction at any location into a vessel and displays a more intuitive depiction of the flow movements. High frame rate VFI, based on plane wave imaging, allows a detailed dynamic visualization of complex flow by showing even transient events, otherwise undetectable. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:582-588, 2017.
Characterization of surface dielectric barrier discharge influenced by intermediate frequency for ozone production (2016)

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the intermediate frequency (1–10 kHz) of the sinusoidal driving voltage on the characteristics of a developed surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD)-based reactor having spikes on its discharge electrode. Moreover, its influence on the production of ozone and nitrogen oxide byproducts is evaluated. The results show that SDBD is operated in the filamentary mode at all the frequencies. Nevertheless, the pulses of the discharge current at high frequencies are much denser and have higher amplitudes than those at low frequencies. The analysis of the power consumed in the reactor shows that a small portion of the input power is dissipated in the dielectric material of SDBD source, whereas the major part of the power is consumed in the plasma discharge. The results of the ozone production show that higher frequencies have a slightly adverse effect on the ozone production at relatively high energy density values, where the ozone concentration is slightly decreased when the frequency is increased at the same energy density. The temperature of the discharge channels and gas is not a crucial factor for the decomposition of ozone in this reactor, while the results of the measurements of nitrogen oxides characteristics indicate that the formation of NO and NO2 has a significant adverse effect on the production efficiency of ozone due to their oxidation to another nitrogen oxides and their catalytic effect.
A New Reaction of Nitriles. III. Amides from Dinitriles (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Reaction of Nitriles. III. Amides from DinitrilesFrederic R. Benson and John J. RitterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 12, 4128–4129Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01180a075https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01180a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views597Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biblioteca escolar : centro de documentación y recursos para... (2006)

Se senala al terminar el primer parrafo: “...nunca como ahora la lectura, y su practica frecuente y madura, se ha convertido en un eje estrategico tan decisivo para el crecimiento y desarrollo de los pueblos.” Mientras que en el segundo se nos dice que “...solo a traves de la lectura, la sociedad de la informacion en que vivimos alcanza su maximo grado. Y su definitiva justificacion, al permitir que el flujo informativo que diariamente nos envuelve se transforme, precisamente a traves del ejercicio lector, en enriquecimiento personal y colectivo; en autentico conocimiento que nos haga crecer como individuos y nos fortalezca como sociedad.” Por ultimo, no podemos dejar de senalar el quinto parrafo por la relacion tan directa que tiene con el motivo que nos ha congregado aqui durante estos dos dias: “Singular importancia adquiere, ..., el valor que a la lectura ha de asignarse a lo largo del proceso formativo de las personas. Es prioritario que la misma sea reconocida como un elemento de integracion presente en todas las areas del curriculo, destinandose a su practica los recursos y tiempos necesarios para su pleno desarrollo. La existencia de una nutrida, bien dotada, correctamente atendida y profesionalmente gestionada red de bibliotecas escolares se perfila como una condicion indispensable para el cumplimiento del objetivo anteriormente senalado.”
MicroRNA‐125b‐5p Regulates Hepatocyte Proliferation During the Termination Phase of Liver Regeneration (2020)

The ability of the liver to regenerate and restore mass limits the increasing mortality rate due to life-threatening liver diseases. Successful liver regeneration is accomplished in multiple stages, of which the priming and proliferation phases are well studied. However, the regulatory pathways, specifically microRNA (miRNA)-mediated posttranscriptional regulation, which prevent uncontrolled proliferation and mediate the termination of liver regeneration, are not well understood. We identified differentially regulated miRNAs during the termination phase after 2/3 partial hepatectomy (PH) in mice, which is a well-established mouse model of liver regeneration. We further evaluated the function of differentially regulated miRNAs in primary mouse hepatocytes by using mimics and inhibitors and <i>in vivo</i> by using adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 8. A candidate miRNA target was identified by messenger RNA array <i>in silico</i> analyses and validated in primary mouse and human hepatocytes. Using miRNA profiling, we discovered miR-125b-5p as a novel regulator of hepatocyte proliferation in the late phase of liver regeneration. AAV-mediated miR-125b-5p delivery in mice enhanced the endogenous regenerative capacity and resulted in improved restoration of liver mass after 2/3 PH. Further, we found that ankyrin repeat and BTB/POZ domain containing protein 1 (<i>Abtb1)</i> is a direct target of miR-125b-5p in primary mouse and human hepatocytes and contributes to the pro-proliferative activity of miR-125b-5p by forkhead box G1 (FOXG1) and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21) pathway. <i>Conclusion:</i> miR-125b-5p has an important role in regulating hepatocyte proliferation in the termination phase of liver regeneration and may serve as a potential therapeutic target in various liver diseases that often exhibit deregulated hepatocyte proliferation.
Seismic exploration on the Moon, Mars and beyond (2020)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2020Seismic exploration on the Moon, Mars and beyondAuthors: David SollbergerCedric SchmelzbachJohan O. A. RobertssonNienke BrinkmanFredrik AnderssonSharon KedarDavid SollbergerETH, Cedric SchmelzbachETH, Johan O. A. RobertssonETH, Nienke BrinkmanETH, Fredrik AnderssonETH, and Sharon KedarJPLhttps://doi.org/10.1190/segam2020-3427324.1 SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail AbstractSeismic exploration on Earth typically relies on the deployment of extensive acquisition configurations often resulting in millions of source-receiver pairs. For the seismic method to be applicable in space, means need to be found to extract subsurface information from as little data as possible. In this paper, we illustrate how recent advances in sampling, reconstruction and analysis of seismic wavefields can help to overcome this principal logistical challenge preventing active seismic exploration in space. In particular, we show that measurements of the spatial gradients of the wavefield in addition to conventional geophone recordings can allow for detailed interpretation of seismic data with a minimumfield effort.Presentation Date: Wednesday, October 14, 2020Session Start Time: 8:30 AMPresentation Time: 10:10 AMLocation: 351FPresentation Type: OralKeywords: acquisition, aliasing, arrays, wave propagationPermalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2020-3427324.1FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2020ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2020 Pages: 3887 publication data© 2020 Published in electronic format with permission by the Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 30 Sep 2020 CITATION INFORMATION David Sollberger, Cedric Schmelzbach, Johan O. A. Robertsson, Nienke Brinkman, Fredrik Andersson, and Sharon Kedar, (2020), "Seismic exploration on the Moon, Mars and beyond," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 3534-3538. https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2020-3427324.1 Plain-Language Summary Keywordsacquisitionaliasingarrayswave propagationPDF DownloadLoading ...
TRIGA Soil Decontamination by Electrokinetic Method (2003)

The experiment for removing cesium and cobalt from the contaminated soil around the TRIGA reactor in Korea using the electrokinetic method were conducted. To increase removal efficiency by the electrokinetic method, a device to restrain the pH increase in the soil column was suggested. An acetate buffer solution (CH3COONa+CH3COOH) was injected into the soil column and acetic acid periodically was injected into the cathode reservoir to restrain any pH increase. Many 137Cs and 60Co were transferred by electromigration rather than electroomosis during the intial remediation period, and no precipitate was formed in the soil column. 25% of cesium radioactivity in the soil column was removed after 10 days, while 94% of cobalt radioactivity was removed. Furthermore, the remaining radioactive concentrations predicted by the developed numerical model were similar to those obtained by experiment.
Position transitions of polymer-grafted nanoparticles in diblock-copolymer nanocomposites (2011)

Self-assembly of block copolymer/nanoparticle blends has promising applications in the design and fabrication of novel functional nanomaterials. Precise control of the spatial positions of nanoparticles within block copolymer-based nanomaterials is crucial to achieve some special physical properties and functions. Here, we employ the self-consistent field method to theoretically investigate the self-assembly of polymer grafted-nanoparticles in a diblock copolymer. It is found that by varying the size and selectivity of nanoparticles, one can not only produce various self-assembled nanostructures but also modulate the spatial positions of the nanoparticles, either at the copolymer interfaces or in the center of one copolymer phase, within the nanostructures. A denser grafted polymer brush plays a role of shielding effect on nanoparticles and can position them into the center of one copolymer phase. The nanostructural transition we observed is dictated by the competition between entropy and enthalpy. On the basis of a number of simulations, two phase diagrams of self-assembled nanostructures are constructed. This study may be helpful for optimal design of advanced materials with desired nanostructures and enhanced performance.
Emergence of hypervirulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathotypically armed with co-expressed T3SS effectors ExoS and ExoU (2023)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant pathogen mainly causing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Newly emerging high-risk clones of P. aeruginosa with elevated virulence profiles furtherly cause severe community-acquired infections (CAIs). Usually, it is not common for P. aeruginosa to co-carry exoU and exoS genes, encoding two type III secretion system (T3SS) effectors. The pathogenicity mechanism of exoS+/exoU+ strains of P. aeruginosa remains unclear. Here, we provide detailed evidence for a subset of hypervirulent P. aeruginosa strains, which abundantly co-express and secrete the T3SS effectors ExoS and ExoU. The exoS+/exoU+ P. aeruginosa strains were available to cause both HAIs and CAIs. The CAI-associated strains could elicit severe inflammation and hemorrhage, leading to higher death rates in a murine acute pneumonia model, and had great virulence potential in establishing chronic infections, demonstrating hypervirulence when compared to PAO1 (exoS+/exoU-) and PA14 (exoS-/exoU+). Both ExoS and ExoU were co-expressed and co-secreted in abundance in exoS+/exoU+ strains. Their abundant protein secretion could boost exoS+/exoU+ strains’ potentials for cytotoxicity in vitro and pathogenicity in vivo. Genomic evidence indicates that exoU acquisition is likely mediated by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of the pathogenicity island PAPI-2, while deletion of exoU was sufficient to mitigate virulence in the exoS+/exoU+ strains. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis showed that such exoS+/exoU+ P. aeruginosa strains turned out to be widely distributed across the globe. Overall, the research provide detailed evidence for the high virulence and epidemicity of exoS+/exoU+ strains of P. aeruginosa, highlighting an urgent need for surveillance against these high-risk hypervirulent strains.
Generation of subpicosecond coherent optical pulses by passive mode locking of an AlGaAs diode laser (1982)

Subpicosecond coherent optical pulses as short as 0.58 ps were generated for the first time by passive mode locking of an AlGaAs double heterostructure diode laser. It was realized by a simple configuration made of a conventional AlGaAs diode laser without antireflection coatings on both facets, which was aged and exhibiting self-pulsation, placed in an external cavity. When the external cavity length was shorter than about 60 mm, almost complete mode locking was observed over the oscillation spectrum of 3.5 nm in width. Based on the second-harmonic generation autocorrelation measurement, ultrashort coherent optical pulses from 0.58 to 1.2 ps in duration were demonstrated by increasing the external cavity length together with the proper control of the optical feedback effect and the pumping dc current.
Bayesian evaluation of breast cancer screening using data from two studies (2003)

The mean sojourn time (the duration of the period during which a cancer is symptom free but potentially detectable by screening) and the screening sensitivity (the probability that a screen applied to a cancer in the preclinical screen detectable period will result in a positive diagnosis) are two important features of a cancer screening programme. Little data from any single study are available on the potential effectiveness of mammographic screening for breast cancer in women with a family history of the disease, despite this being an important public health issue. We develop a method of estimation, from two separate studies, of the two parameters, assuming that transition from no disease to preclinical screen detectable disease, and from preclinical disease to clinical disease, are Poisson processes. Estimation is performed by a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. The method is applied to the synthesis of two studies of mammographic screening in women with a family history of breast cancer, one in Manchester and one in Kopparberg, Sweden.
Kondo Lattice: Real-Space Renormalization-Group Approach (1977)

A one-dimensional analog of the Kondo lattice is studied by a renormalization-group technique. Previous mean-field results are shown to be reasonable: The system under-goes a second-order crossover transition from an antiferromagnetic state to a Kondo-like state at zero temperature as the spin-conduction-electron coupling is increased. Estimates are given for critical exponents and the behavior of correlation functions near the transition.
Quantitative cardiac MR assessment of left ventricular diastology (2013)

Background Cardiac MR (CMR) is the accepted gold standard for the assessment of myocardial scar and biventricular systolic function. Bright blood cine imaging with phase-contrast mitral inflow assessment has shown promise for the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) diastology. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of LV diastolic function grading by CMR, using Doppler echocardiography as the reference standard. We hypothesize that quantitative CMR analysis of diastolic function coupled with left atrial volume (LAV) assessment is accurate in characterizing LV diastology. Methods 83 patients without mitral valve disease (47 men, average age 53 years) underwent CMR imaging on a 1.5T scanner for evaluation of myocardial viability or infiltrative heart disease. All patients underwent 2-D phase-contrast (PC) imaging of the mitral valve (TR/TE 48/2.2, FA 30 degrees, VENC 80 cm/s, 20 phases, bw 554). Brightblood (BB) 4- and 2-chamber cine imaging was performed (TR/TE 13/1.1, FA 69 degrees, 40 to 50 phases, BW 933) for lateral mitral annular and left atrial volume (LAV) assessment. Peak E and A velocities were obtained from PC data. 4-chamber BB cine images were analyzed using prototype software evaluating deformation fields to automatically identify and track the mitral base plane at the lateral and septal insertions, extracting lateral e’ values (Siemens Corp., Corporate Technology, Princeton, New Jersey). LAV was obtained using the lengtharea method. LV diastolic function was graded using established echocardiographic criteria. Differences in means were assessed using the student’ st -test. Results
Preparation and phase transformation of highly ordered TiO2 nanodot arrays on sapphire substrates (2004)

Ordered nanodot arrays of titanium oxide (TiO2) were prepared from an epitaxial Al/TiN bilayered film on a sapphire substrate by electrochemical anodization of the TiN layer using a nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) film as the template. The nanodots with an average diameter of about 60 nm can faithfully duplicate the size, shape, and hexagonal pore pattern of the AAO nanopores. The phase development of the isolated TiO2 nanodots is very much different from TiO2 thin films and powders. After high temperature annealing, the nanodots are polycrystalline and consist of a mixed phase of anatase and rutile instead of single rutile phase. We expect that TiO2 nanodots with a single phase of anatase can be realized as long as the size of the nanodots is smaller than the critical nuclei size for rutile formation.
Design Verification System Framework of Pressure Vessels Using Korea Industrial Standards (2015)

제품 규정에는 제조사가 준수해야 하는 제품에 관한 다양한 지침 및 규제사항이 담겨 있다. 이 연구에서는 KS 표준을 활용하여 압력용기의 설계 결과를 검증하는 시스템 프레임워크와 구성 요소들을 제안한다. 그리고 기간 시스템으로부터 설계 템플릿 데이터를 생성하는 방법과 규정 지식베이스를 구축하는 방법을 제시한다. 마지막으로 압력용기 설계 검증 시스템을 구현하고 테스트 데이터를 활용한 실험을 통해 시스템 프레임워크를 검증한 결과를 논의한다.
Greening 6G (2021)

This chapter is focused on the green and sustainable evolution of 6G networks. It is foreseen that 6G will enable interconnection and collaboration of entities with various levels of intelligence, i.e. connected intelligence. To this end, not only the radio networks face high energy cost but the computing on devices and network infrastructures like base station and edge servers also has energy barriers. The chapter will first identify the dominating factors of the energy consumption in 6G networks from the system point of view. Then a holistic approach for green 6G will be introduced, highlighting the role of artificial intelligence (AI) therein. In particular, the benefits of applying AI in wireless networks considering the computing energy for AI training and inference will be carefully judged, and the energy-efficient way of enabling wireless edge intelligence will be discussed.
Comparisons of thermal performance and cost for three thermal energy storage systems utilized in supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle (2019)

There are few studies focus on thermal energy storage (TES) system coupled with S-CO2 power cycle. In this paper, a dynamic model is built to analyse the thermal performance and cost of the TES systems and compare the thermodynamic performance of the S-CO2 power cycles integrating the corresponding TES. The TES systems include the two-tank, sensible-packed bed thermocline (PBT), and latent-PBT. Results show that sensible-PBT has the smallest stored thermal energy and effective discharging time by the effect of the thick thermocline, which are 203 MWhth and 11.1 h, respectively. The latent-PBT owns the largest stored thermal energy and effective discharging time, which are 222 MWhth and 12.6 h, respectively. The power cycle integrating the sensible-PBT operates with the designed conditions during most of the time and has the smallest total work output, which is 110 MWhe. The power cycle integrating the latent-PBT has a large total work output, which is 118 MWhe, but operates with the off-designed conditions for a while. The study on the capital cost of TES system shows the two-tank has the largest TES cost (54 $/kWhth), followed by sensible-PBT (52 $/kWhth) and latent-PBT (37 $/kWhth), and some suggestions are provided to effectively reduce the TES cost. Results are useful to the performance optimization in concentrating solar power.