gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study on Optimization of Night Illumination in Expressway Long Tunnels (2012)

Night illumination of expressway long tunnels in China was far from drivers’ demand and caused lots of traffic accidents and electricity wasting. In order to solve this problem, reasonable night luminosity in expressway long tunnels in China was studied. Based on a visual disturbance generation mechanism, the mistakes in night illumination of Chinese expressway long tunnels were analyzed. Real road experiments were conducted and fuzzy assessments were used to establish models. The results showed that night luminosity was too high and should be controlled below 9 Lx. In the entrance segment, the luminosity should be gradually increased from 0 Lx to 9 Lx. In the middle segment, the luminosity should be remained at 9 Lx. In the exit segment, the luminosity should be gradually decreased to 0 Lx. The optimized luminosity is highly consistent with the actual demand of drivers. Traffic safety was improved and electricity consumption was reduced.
An electron and X-ray diffraction study of the compositely modulated barium nickel hollandite Ba x (Ni x Ti8— x )O16, 1.16 < x < 1.32, solid solution (2004)

Abstract Hollandite samples, Ba x (Ni x Ti 8— x )O 16 (1.1 &lt; x &lt; 1.40) made by ceramic techniques, have been studied by electron and X-ray diffraction. As a result, the barium nickel hollandite system is described as a composite modulated single phase solid solution made up of mutually incommensurable (along b ) framework and Ba ion sub-structures. The magnitude of the incommensurate primary modulation wave-vector when defined with respect to the framework sub-structure q = b Ba * (measured directly from electron diffraction patterns (EDPs)) acts as a chemical ruler in that it is directly related to composition and given by x / 2 . The superspace group symmetry was found to be I ′2/ m (0, x / 2 , 0)1. Both the framework and the Ba sub-structures have the same I 2/ m average structure space group symmetry. The solid solution limits for Ba x (Ni x Ti 8— x )O 16 were found to correspond to 1.16 &lt; x &lt; 1.32 . These limits were found by calculating the lattice parameters of both the frame work and sub-lattice from the powder X-ray diffraction patterns.
δ-Tocopherol Slightly Accumulates in the Adipose Tissue of Mice (2021)

This study aimed to compare the distribution of vitamin E analogs, particularly α-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol, in mice fed with a normal diet and a high-fat and high-sucrose diet separately. We used male C57BL/6JJcl strain mice, which were divided into six groups (control [C], Cα, Cδ, high-fat and high-sucrose [H], Hα, and Hδ groups) and bred for 4 weeks. The additional quantity of α-tocopherol or E-mix D (containing 86.7% δ-tocopherol) into diet was 800 mg/kg diet. The final body weight was significantly higher in the H group than in the C group. However, the effects of vitamin E analog intake had no significant difference, with no synergy between vitamin E and diet. Similar results were obtained in epididymal fat weight. Moreover, α-tocopherol was mainly distributed in the liver in both the Cα group and Hα group, whereas δ-tocopherol mostly accumulated in the epididymal fat, in both the Cδ group and Hδ group. Also, δ-tocopherol was detected in all tissues in both groups. Both the α-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol levels in the epididymal fat were significantly lower in the H group than in the C group. In conclusion, our results suggest that a portion of δ-tocopherol was incorporated into the adipose tissue by chylomicron before arriving at the liver, and then it is metabolized in the liver.
A Study on Periodontal Dressing Materials (1976)

In vitro study was made of sealing effects of periodontal dressing materials consisting of a eugenol group (Surgical pack [SHOWA], Neodyne pack, Periodontal pack) and a eugenolless group (Cello pack, Peripac, COE-pak).Glass tubes containing experimental materials were put in methylene blue solution (1.0%) at a definite temperature.The results obtained were as follows:1. COE-pak showed good results in methylene blue solution test, followed by Cello pack and Surgical pack, Neodyne pack, Periodontal pack, Peripac in descending order.2. COE-pak showed good results in sealing ability against water, followed by Cello pack, Surgical pack, Neodyne pack, Periodontal pack and Peripac in descending order.3. COE-pak showed good results, but not Peripac.4. Sixty minutes after methylene blue penetration test, Periodontal pack showed good results.5. All in five cases of Periodontal pack and two cases of COE-pak showed a tendency to expansion.6. Eugenolless group (Cello pack, COE-pak) was generally showed a better sealing ability than by a eugenol group.
Recent Advances in Avalanche Photodiodes (2004)

The development of high-performance optical receivers has been a primary driving force for research on III-V compound avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The evolution of fiber optic systems toward higher bit rates has pushed APD performance toward higher bandwidths, lower noise, and higher gain-bandwidth products. Utilizing thin multiplication regions has reduced the excess noise. Further noise reduction has been demonstrated by incorporating new materials and impact ionization engineering with beneficially designed heterostructures. High gain-bandwidth products have been achieved waveguide structures. Recently, imaging and sensing applications have spurred interest in low noise APDs in the infrared and the UV as well as large area APDs and arrays. This paper reviews some of the recent progress in APD technology.
Excitation and characterization of dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides at telecommunication wavelengths - art. no. 69880T (2008)

International audience
Slots on ground fillings of multi-layer printed circuit board for suppressing indirect crosstalk between digital clock line and RF signal line in mixed mode mobile systems (2008)

In this paper, slots on ground fillings of multi-layer printed circuit board is proposed for suppressing indirect crosstalk between digital clock line and RF signal line in mixed mode mobile systems, and their suppressing efficiency is evaluated by using 2 dimensional finite element method and a series of test vehicles including various slot structures and ground vias on ground fillings. Ground vias mitigate the indirect crosstalk by from 37 dB at 800 MHz to 15 dB at 1200 MHz, and the proposed slots and ground vias on ground fillings suppress the indirect crosstalk by from 57 dB at 800 MHz to 29 dB at 1200 MHz.
Ordering by flow near the disorder-order transition of a triblock copolymer styrene-isoprene-styrene (1993)

407-POLY
Ce que disent les mots. Nommer la ville lusitanienne (2020)

C’est dans un contexte de réorganisation des communautés des provinces conquises au Haut-Empire qu’est mise en place la ciuitas. En ce sens, la source épigraphique révèle tout autant la manière d’y faire référence que la diversité lexicale — et la palette d’adjectifs — pour nommer et qualifier la ville au sens large. Aussi, nous tenterons de faire le point sur les aspects juridiques et théoriques de ces notions, avant de revenir sur leur usage dans la pratique quotidienne, reflet de l’évolution des conceptions politiques.
Architecture and functional decomposition of the SENSE function (1992)

Three functions (i.e., SENSE, PLAN, and EXECUTE) make up the essential functionality for the battle management/command, control, and communications element of the Global Protection Against Limited Strike system. This report focuses on issues related to the SENSE function to support the complexity management analysis of this element. In this analysis, a multilayered decomposition is developed from a high-level model. This model depicts energy from the environment as input and target vectors as output. This model can be decomposed into subfunctions, which are subsequently further decomposed. The hierarchy for three layers of decomposition is described. This structure provides a basis for careful analysis of essential properties (e.g., false alarms, missed detections).
Investigation of multilayer WS2 flakes as charge trapping stack layers in non-volatile memories (2018)

In this study, the non-volatile flash memory devices utilize tungsten sulfide flakes as the charge trapping stack layers were fabricated. The sandwiched structure of Pd/ZHO/WS2/ZHO/WS2/SiO2/Si manifests a memory window of 2.26 V and a high density of trapped charges 4.88 × 1012/cm2 under a ±5 V gate sweeping voltage. Moreover, the data retention results of as-fabricated non-volatile memories demonstrate that the high and low capacitance states are enhanced by 3.81% and 3.11%, respectively, after a measurement duration of 1.20 × 104 s. These remarkable achievements are probably attributed to the defects and band gap of WS2 flakes. Besides, the proposed memory fabrication is not only compatible with CMOS manufacturing processes but also gets rid of the high-temperature annealing process. Overall, this proposed non-volatile memory is highly attractive for low voltage, long data retention applications.
Quadcopter flight test results of a consistency monitoring algorithm for adaptive controllers (2016)

Model Reference Adaptive Control facilitates nonlinear systems to adapt to modeling errors, environmental changes or structural damage. Most adaptive control frameworks employ Lyapunov analysis in order to establish stability of the closed loop system. However, the derived signal bounds are inherently conservative. Furthermore, these bounds are seldom known; the plant states might still violate structural requirements, thus causing the system to fail. In order to counter this disadvantage, we employ an adaptive output consistency monitor, which is based on Bayesian linear regression. It learns a model of the adaptive controller from online gathered data and thus allows for the assertion whether the adaptive output is within an interval of the expected output. The method is demonstrated in flight tests of a quadcopter with and without robustness modification.
Induced systemic resistance against Botrytis cinerea by Micromonospora strains isolated from root nodules (2015)

Micromonospora is a Gram positive bacterium that can be isolated from nitrogen fixing nodules from healthy leguminous plants, where they could be beneficial to the plant. Their plant growth promoting activity in legume and non-legume plants has been previously demonstrated. The present study explores the ability of Micromonospora strains to control fungal pathogens and to stimulate plant immunity. Micromonospora strains isolated from surface sterilized nodules of alfalfa showed in vitro antifungal activity against several pathogenic fungi. Moreover, root inoculation of tomato plants with these Micromonospora strains effectively reduced leaf infection by the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea, despite spatial separation between both microorganisms. This induced systemic resistance, confirmed in different tomato cultivars, is long lasting. Gene expression analyses evidenced that Micromonospora stimulates the plant capacity to activate defense mechanisms upon pathogen attack. The defensive response of tomato plants inoculated with Micromonospora spp. differs from that of non-inoculated plants, showing a stronger induction of jasmonate-regulated defenses when the plant is challenged with a pathogen. The hypothesis of jasmonates playing a key role in this defense priming effect was confirmed using defense-impaired tomato mutants, since the JA-deficient line def1 was unable to display a long term induced resistance upon Micromonospora spp. inoculation. In conclusion, nodule isolated Micromonospora strains should be considered excellent candidates as biocontrol agents as they combine both direct antifungal activity against plant pathogens and the ability to prime plant immunity.
Continuous Monitoring of Psychosocial Stress by Non-Invasive Volatilomics (2023)

Stress is becoming increasingly commonplace in modern times, making it important to have accurate and effective detection methods. Currently, detection methods such as self-evaluation and clinical questionnaires are subjective and unsuitable for long-term monitoring. There have been significant studies into biomarkers such as HRV, cortisol, electrocardiography, and blood biomarkers, but the use of multiple electrodes for electrocardiography or blood tests is impractical for real-time stress monitoring. To this end, there is a need for non-invasive sensors to monitor stress in real time. This study looks at the possibility of using breath and skin VOC fingerprinting as stress biomarkers. The Trier social stress test (TSST) was used to induce acute stress and HRV, cortisol, and anxiety levels were measured before, during, and after the test. GC-MS and sensor array were used to collect and measure VOCs. A prediction model found eight different stress-related VOCs with an accuracy of up to 78%, and a molecularly capped gold nanoparticle-based sensor revealed a significant difference in breath VOC fingerprints between the two groups. These stress-related VOCs either changed or returned to baseline after the stress induction, suggesting different metabolic pathways at different times. A correlation analysis revealed an association between VOCs and cortisol levels and a weak correlation with either HRV or anxiety levels, suggesting that VOCs may include complementary information in stress detection. This study shows the potential of VOCs as stress biomarkers, paving the way into developing a real-time, objective, non-invasive stress detection tool for well-being and early detection of stress-related diseases.
Finite-temperature inelastic scattering in 2D doped polar semiconductors (1994)

We calculate the finite-temperature inelastic scattering rate for hot electrons injected parallel to an n-doed GaAs/GaAlas interface or quantum well for various doping densities n, temperature T and injection energies. We use the born approximation and a T-dependent two-pole Pade approximation to the full finite T, frequency ω and wavevector q dependent RPA expression for the dielectric function ε(q, ω, T), which contains the screening of the 2D electron gas and the 3D polar LO phonons treated equally. We calculate the mean free path length and average energy loss for a hot electron scattering form the plasmon-coupled LO phonon and single-particle excitation modes. We find that these quantities are very dependent upon T, n and the energy of the hot carrier. We also find that 2D plasmon and polar LO phonons mutually screen each other so that the modes must be considered together. We will show that this high-T, low-n approximation, which incorporates Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, is valid for GaAs systems at n
Influence of blood calcium on calcitonin receptors in isolated chick osteoclasts (1988)

Isolated osteoclasts obtained from young chickens fed a normal (+Ca) or deficient (-Ca) calcium and vitamin D diet for 3 weeks, were studied for their ability to bind salmon calcitonin (sCT). Osteoclasts obtained from -Ca chickens, when incubated with 0.1 mumol sCT/l, doubled cyclic (c)AMP production and retracted from a glass support, as observed by scanning electron microscopy. The presence of receptors was also demonstrated by autoradiography and competition analysis of 125I-labelled sCT binding. The number of receptors per cell was 0.9 +/- 0.1 x 10(4). In contrast, osteoclasts obtained from +Ca chickens did not increase cAMP production and did not retract in the presence of 0.1 mumol sCT/l. No specific binding of 125I-labelled sCT could be demonstrated on these osteoclasts. Plasma levels of calcium and calcitonin were measured in +Ca and -Ca chickens. The plasma concentration of calcium was markedly lower at 3 weeks in -Ca than in +Ca chickens. The plasma concentration of calcitonin was decreased in -Ca chickens compared with +Ca chickens at the first week and kept decreasing during the 3 weeks. These results strongly support the hypothesis that calcium and vitamin D intake regulate plasma calcitonin levels in chickens, and that calcitonin receptors can be detected on chicken osteoclasts only when blood calcium is decreased by a diet deficient in calcium and vitamin D.
Conversion of Methanol to Hydrocarbons: How Zeolite Cavity and Pore Size Controls Product Selectivity (2012)

Liquid hydrocarbon fuels play an essential part in the global energy chain, owing to their high energy density and easy transportability. Olefins play a similar role in the production of consumer goods. In a post-oil society, fuel and olefin production will rely on alternative carbon sources, such as biomass, coal, natural gas, and CO(2). The methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) process is a key step in such routes, and can be tuned into production of gasoline-rich (methanol to gasoline; MTG) or olefin-rich (methanol to olefins; MTO) product mixtures by proper choice of catalyst and reaction conditions. This Review presents several commercial MTH projects that have recently been realized, and also fundamental research into the synthesis of microporous materials for the targeted variation of selectivity and lifetime of the catalysts.
The hypertext internet connection. E-mail, online search, gopher (2020)

In this paper we show how to handle and organize the large amount of information accessible through the Internet or other public communication networks in a hypertext environment. The C(K)onstance-Hypertext-System (KHS) uses typed units to indicate the differences and the content and structure of information, comprising text, forms, images pointers to external information. We show how to imbed Internet services, which usual require rather different interaction styles, such as point-to-point communication (e-mail query formulation (online databases) or browsing (Gopher) into the uniform interaction model of the KHS. The integration of Internet services in an open hypertext environment produces value-adding effects which are also discussed. (DIPF/Orig.)
From Here to Autonomicity: Self-Managing Agents and the Biological Metaphors that Inspire Them (2005)

We seek inspiration for self-managing systems from (obviously, pre-existing) biological mechanisms.Autonomic Computing (AC), a self-managing systems initiative based on the biological metaphor of the autonomic nervous system, is increasingly gaining momentum as the way forward for integrating and designing reliable systems, while agent technologies have been identified as a key enabler for engineering autonomicity in systems.This paper looks at other biological metaphors such as reflex and healing, heartbeat monitors, pulse monitors and apoptosis for assisting in the realization of autonomicity.
Adaptive PCA based fault diagnosis scheme in imperial smelting process (2013)

In this paper, an adaptive fault detection scheme based on a recursive principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed to deal with the problem of false alarm due to normal process changes in real process. Our further study is also dedicated to develop a fault isolation approach based on Generalized Likelihood Ratio(GLR) test and Singular Value Decomposition(SVD) which is one of general techniques of PCA, on which the off-set and scaling fault can be easily isolated with explicit off-set fault direction and scaling fault classification. The complete scheme of PCA-based fault diagnosis procedure is proposed. The proposed scheme is applied to Imperial Smelting Process, and the results show that the proposed strategies can be able to eliminate false alarms and isolate faults efficiently.
A solid translation engine using ray representation (2002)

We describe an extension to the geometric domain of solid modeling to include solids defined by spatial sweeping and Minkowski sums. We develop an efficient, parallel algorithm for the translation of such solid models. An architecture and design of an array processor that implements this algorithm are presented. We discuss some applications of the new computer to solid modeling an CAD/CAM and modeling of large biomolecules (proteins) for rational drug design.
Current-limited capacitor charging power supply for spark-gap-driven high repetition rate laser pulser (1984)

A short-circuit protected capacitor charging scheme for a spark-gap driven high repetition rate laser pulser is described. The possibility of using this scheme with a thyratron driven laser pulser is also discussed.
Influence of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation conditions on disynaptic reciprocal Ia inhibition and presynaptic inhibition in healthy adults (2017)

This study investigated the influence of stimulus conditions of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on disynaptic reciprocal Ia inhibition (RI) and presynaptic inhibition (D1 inhibition) in healthy adults. Eight healthy participants received TENS (stimulus frequencies of 50, 100, and 200 Hz) over the deep peroneal nerve and tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in the resting condition for 30 min. At pre- and post-intervention, the RI from the TA to the soleus (SOL) and D1 inhibition of the SOL alpha motor neuron were assessed by evoked electromyography. The results showed that RI was not changed by TENS at any stimulus frequency condition. Conversely, D1 inhibition was significantly changed by TENS regardless of the stimulus frequency. The present results and previous studies pertaining to RI suggest that the resting condition might strongly influence the lack of pre- vs. post-intervention change in the RI. Regarding the D1 inhibition, the present results suggest that the effect of TENS might be caused by post-tetanic potentiation. The knowledge gained from the present study might contribute to a better understanding of fundamental studies of TENS in healthy adults and its clinical application for stroke survivors.
Unicompartmental Porous Coated Anatomic Total Knee Arthroplasty (1988)

Unicompartmental arthroplasty has been advocated for management of the older patient with unicompartmental arthritis. Implant breakage and loosening has led to modifications of implant design to metal backing and porous coating for potential bone ingrowth. A review of 28 cementless porous coated anatomic total knee arthroplasties two years after the operation revealed good to excellent results in 20 knees (71%). Six knees in five patients required revision for persistent pain. Only fibrous tissue ingrowth was observed. Five knees were considered potential failures based upon persistent pain and roentgenographic evidence of component loosening. This implant design is not acceptable with cementless fixation.
A Planar Tetracoordinate Carbon and Unusual Bonding in an Organodimetallic Propynylidene Complex Arising from Double C−H Activation of an Allene Ligand (2003)

Reduction of the organoditantalum allene complex (eta-C5Me4R)2Ta2(mu-X)X3(mu-eta1,eta3-C3H4) (R = Me (Cp*), Et; X = Cl, Br) with sodium amalgam leads to the propynylidene complex (eta-C5Me4R)2Ta2(mu-H)2X2(mu-HCCCH) by a formal double 1,3-C-H activation of the allene ligand. The solid-state molecular structure contains a planar HCCCH ligand bridging, in parallel coordination mode, the two tantalum atoms, with the HCCCH and Ta atoms coplanar. Key structural features are a Ta-Ta distance of 2.8817(7) A, propynylidene C-C-C angle of 153.7(13) degrees , C-C distance of 1.370(8) A, Ta-C(central) distance of 2.194(9) A, and Ta-C(terminal) distance of 1.970(9) A. Molecular orbital calculations on the complex at the RHF/SBK(d) and B3LYP/LanL2dz levels of theory demonstrate that the propynylidene ligand is best viewed formally as an allenediylidene(4-) ligand bonded to two d0 tantalum atoms via two Ta=C(terminal) double bonds and an unusual three-center, two-electron bridge bond involving both tantalum atoms and a lone pair on the planar, tetracoordinate central carbon. There is no net Ta-Ta bonding based on the orbital analysis.