gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time-delay- and time-reversal-based robust capon beamformers for ultrasound imaging (2005)

Currently, the nonadaptive delay-and-sum (DAS) beamformer is extensively used for ultrasound imaging, despite the fact that it has lower resolution and worse interference suppression capability than the adaptive standard Capon beamformer (SCB) if the steering vector corresponding to the signal of interest (SOI) is accurately known. The main problem which restricts the use of SCB, however, is that SCB lacks robustness against steering vector errors that are inevitable in practice. Whenever this happens, the performance of SCB may hecome worse than that of DAS. Therefore, a robust adaptive beamformer is desirable to maintain the robustness of DAS and adaptivity of SCB. In this paper we consider a recent promising robust Capon beamformer (RCB) for ultrasound imaging. We propose two ways of implementing RCB, one based on time delay and the other based on time reversal. RCB extends SCB by allowing the array steering vector to be within an uncertainty set. Hence, it restores the appeal of SCB including its high resolution and superb interference suppression capabilities, and also retains the attractiveness of DAS including its robustness against steering vector errors. The time-delay-based RCB can tolerate the misalignment of data samples and the time-reversal-based RCB can withstand the uncertainty of the Green's function. Both time-delay-based RCB and time-reversal-based RCB can be efficiently computed at a comparable cost to SCB. The excellent performances of the proposed robust adaptive beamforming approaches are demonstrated via a number of simulated and experimental examples.
Efficient secure computation enabled by blockchain technology (2016)

Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2016.
Total Synthesis and Biosynthesis of the Paraherquamides: An Intriguing Story of the Biological Diels&ndash;Alder Construction (2002)

The syntheses and biosyntheses of the paraherquamide and brevianamide families of prenylated indole-derived alkaloids are reviewed. It has been proposed that the unique bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctan ring system that is common to this family of natural products, arises by a biological intramolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction. Both synthetic approaches and total syntheses of several members of this family of natural products are reviewed. The biosynthesis of these alkaloids has also constituted an active area of research and the current state of knowledge on the biosynthesis of these natural products are reviewed.
Guest Aggregation within Poly(L-lactic Acid)/Pluronic P104 Thin Films (2008)

Rhodamine 6G (R6G) doped thin films composed of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and Pluronic P104 were spin cast onto glass microscope slides and characterized by ultraviolet-visible, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that R6G aggregation within the film increases as the R6G concentration and P104 loading increases. These results suggest an approach for studying drug distributions (monomers, aggregates) within biodegradable polymer formulations.
Electrical Properties of Boron and Phosphorus Doped Polycrystalline Silicon Germanium Films (2002)

Article Electrical Properties of Boron and Phosphorus Doped Polycrystalline Silicon Germanium Films was published on December 1, 2002 in the journal International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation (volume 3, issue 3-4).
Statistical characterization of the visual characteristics of painted lane markings (2002)

Most vision-based systems for lane detection and tracking use painted lane markings as the visual cues which determine the location of the camera relative to the lane. Almost all of the work that has been done in the area of evaluating the performance of these systems has focused on the accuracy of the recovered lane geometry. Reliability of feature detection as a function of intrinsic marking properties, ambient lighting and weather conditions, and viewing geometry is an equally important aspect of algorithm performance which must be explored if progress is to continue in this area of research. This paper reports a small scale effort to attack one aspect of this problem, the automated characterization of the intrinsic visual properties of white painted lane markings. Images of the right lane marking are taken by a camera mounted in an trailer enclosure towed behind a vehicle, allowing control of the lighting conditions. The intensity histogram of each image is examined to select a threshold which is used to classify each pixel as pavement or stripe. The edges of the white stripe are located using robust estimation and a shared vanishing point constraint. Once the stripe edges are located in an image, stripe properties such as width, brightness, and contrast with the pavement are calculated.
Oscillatory neural network for dynamical associative memory (1999)

A discrete time oscillatory neural network (DTONN) for the dynamical associative memory is proposed in this paper. The network reveals fruitful dynamical behaviors when applied to associative memory for hand-written character patterns. It can recall the stored non-orthogonal patterns from the network when it is activated by an initial pattern contaminated by noise. The network also demonstrates the synchronous oscillations and spatio-temporal chaos during the auto-evolutionary procedure with time.
SUM Project Results Review (2012)

This document is the “Project Results Review” report of the Surveillance in an Urban environment using Mobile sensors Project, corresponding to the Contract A-0827-RT-GC [AD. 2] of the “Defence R&amp;T Joint Investment Programme on Force Protection” (A-0120-RT-GC) under the Call “Data Analysis, including Data Fusion from various Sources” (A-0444-RT-GC).&#13;\nSUM considers the development of new active and passive millimetre wave sensors and uses them in combination with optical and infrared cameras in order to acquire data under adverse atmospheric conditions during day and night time from the surrounding environment to detect threats. It follows a multi-sensor approach, where the data fusion engine infers threats by exploiting the synergies between the subsystems. The threats are reported to the operator via a Human Machine Interface.&#13;\nThe purpose of this document is to summarize the different results produced in the SUM project and to give an outlook of the project conclusions.&#13;\nThe SUM project results include a set of delivered documents, the SUM demonstrator and the SUM demonstration campaign.&#13;\n
Effect of Exercise Training on the Frequency of Contracture-Release Surgeries in Burned Children (2017)

When used as an adjunct therapy in postburn rehabilitation, IPE may be useful for reducing the need for contracture release. The mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise remain undefined and should be investigated.
Demonstration of Zero-touch Device and L3-VPN Service Management using the TeraFlow Cloud-native SDN Controller (2022)

We demonstrate zero-touch device bootstrapping, monitoring, and L3-VPN service management using the novel TeraFlow OS SDN controller prototype. TeraFlow aims at producing a cloud-native carrier-grade SDN controller offering scalability, extensibility, high-performance, and high-availability features. © 2022 The Author(s)
Esophageal Cooling For Protection During Left Atrial Ablation: A Systematic Review And Meta- Analysis (2019)

ABSTRACT Background Thermal damage to the esophagus is a risk from radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the left atrium for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), with the most extreme type of thermal injury resulting in atrio-esophageal fistula (AEF), with a correspondingly high mortality rate. Various approaches have been developed to reduce esophageal injury, including power reduction, avoidance of greater contact-force, esophageal deviation, and esophageal cooling. One method of esophageal cooling involves direct instillation of cold water or saline into the esophagus during RF ablation. Although this method provides limited heat-extraction capacity, studies of it have suggested potential benefit. Objective We sought to perform a meta-analysis of existing studies evaluating esophageal cooling via direct liquid instillation for the reduction of thermal injury. Methods We reviewed Medline for existing studies involving esophageal cooling for protection of thermal injury during RF ablation. A meta-analysis was then performed using random effects model to calculate estimated effect size with 95% confidence intervals, with outcome of esophageal lesions, stratified by severity, as determined by post-procedure endoscopy. Results A total of 9 studies were identified and reviewed. After excluding pre-clinical and mathematical model studies, 3 were included in the meta-analysis, totaling 494 patients. Esophageal cooling showed a tendency to shift lesion severity downward, such that total lesions did not show a statistically significant change (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.15 to 2.38). For high grade lesions, a significant OR of 0.39 (95% CI 0.17 to 0.89) in favor of esophageal cooling was found, suggesting that esophageal cooling, even utilizing a low-capacity thermal extraction technique, reduces lesion severity from RF ablation. Conclusions Esophageal cooling reduces lesion severity encountered during RF ablation, even when using relatively low heat extraction methods such as direct instillation of cold liquid. Further investigation of this approach is warranted.
The network-inspired transportation system: A hierarchical approach to integrated transit (2011)

This paper defines an integrated transportation framework known as the network inspired transportation system (NITS). The NITS uses demand-responsive transit that leverages static bus and rail services, to optimally route passengers though a complex transportation network in the same manner that a data packet is routed through a telecommunications network. This paper provides a background of demand-responsive transit, introduces and defines the NITS, and provides analysis and simulations results that support the utilization of the NITS in low and medium density urban areas.
In situ analysis of FGFR2 mRNA and comparison with FGFR2 gene copy number by dual-color in situ hybridization in a large cohort of gastric cancer patients (2017)

RNAscope and DISH are suitable methods to evaluate FGFR2 status in gastric cancer. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue slides allowed evaluation of the intratumor heterogeneity of these FGFR2 biomarkers.
Ovarian Granulosa Cell-Derived Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins: Modulatory Role of Follicle- Stimulating Hormone* (1991)

Recent observations disclosed the multiplicity of granulosa cell-derived high affinity insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) and revealed the striking ability of high doses of FSH to suppress their constitutive release under both in vitro and in vivo circumstances. It is the objective of this communication to characterize in greater detail the modulatory effect(s) exerted by FSH on the elaboration of IGFBPs by granulosa cells from immature, estrogen-primed rats. The ability of FSH to regulate the elaboration of granulosa cell-derived IGFBPs proved dose-dependent but biphasic in nature. Specifically, FSH concentrations in the range of 1-3 ng/ml applied for 72 h produced a significant (P less than 0.05) increase in polyethylene glycol-precipitable [125I]IGF-I binding activity corresponding to all IGFBP species detectable by ligand blotting. In contrast, treatment with higher concentrations (greater than or equal to 10 ng/ml) of FSH resulted in progressive dose-dependent inhibition of the constitutive release of IGF-I binding activity (80% inhibition at the 100 ng/ml dose level) and the virtual elimination of all detectable IGFBP species. Time-course studies disclosed a significant (P less than 0.05) initial (apparent at the 24-h time point) stimulatory effect of a high dose of FSH (100 ng/ml) corresponding mostly (but not solely) to the single minor (23K) IGFBP band. In contrast, more prolonged exposure to FSH (greater than or equal to 48 h) produced progressive time-dependent decrements in IGF-I binding activity, an effect associated with a decrease in the relative representation of the major band doublet (28-29K), the 23K species being all but eliminated under these experimental circumstances. Hypophysectomy produced significant (P less than 0.05) inhibition of the subsequent in vitro release of granulosa cell-derived precipitable IGF-I binding activity strongly suggesting that (presumptively stimulatory) pituitary principles other than FSH are likely involved in the regulation of granulosa cell IGFBP release and that the trophic influence of these putative agents appears to outweight the potential disinhibition of FSH hormonal action. Taken together, these findings indicate that the pituitary regulation of granulosa cell-derived IGFBPs is complex and is not FSH-exclusive. Our findings further indicate that the ability of FSH to regulate granulosa cell-derived IGFBPs is dose- and time-dependent but biphasic in nature, an effect characterized by an early low-dose stimulatory effect and a late high-dose inhibitory effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Robust Extraction of Wheel Region for Vehicle Position Estimation using a Circular Fisheye Camera (2009)

Summary Vision-based research in driver support and traffic monitoring systems aiming for collision avoidance and for free traffic jams has attracted a lot of attention lately. In this paper, we propose a robust new extraction method of wheel region for estimating the vehicle position on a road taking the distortion in a circular fisheye image into consideration. In order to make the process more effective, Sobel edge detector is used after modification. Through experimental results, the effectiveness of our proposed method is confirmed.
Multi-Scale Structural Analysis Enhanced By Machine Learning With Applications To 3D Printed Aerospace Structures (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-0078.vid A convolutional neural network was used to enhance the localization of strain and stress for a generalized method of cells model of a metallic microstructure. Enhanced shear strains, measured in terms of the linear regression coefficients as a function of ground truth strains, were improved from inaccurate and uncorrelated (slope=0.003, r2=0.000) to accurate and well correlated (slope=0.890, r2=0.882) relative to ground truth (slope=1.0, r2=1.0). In applying the convolutional neural network, a convolutional stride of 1.0 (padding=’same’) was only modestly effective while strides of 2 or 3 were more effective yet at higher cost. Additional convolutional layers were generally more expensive than additional dense layers, often with limited benefit. The accuracy of enhanced localized shear strains and stress is expected to yield benefits for damage progression models, especially in the context of hierarchical multi-scale methods where the generalized method of cells is applied at the intermediate scale.
ADFS如何“实出”身份联合 (2007)

微软活动目录身份联合（Active Directory Federation Services。ADFS）使你能够允许指定用户访问网络——但是要使用ADFS，你需要了解ADFS组件和声明转换过程。
Multi-Processor For Vision (1987)

A multiprocessor system for fast Image Processing (IP) is presented with two categories of (high-speed) processors, supervised by a general purpose microprocessor: the AD-p is optimized for pixel address calculations and the DA-p is optimized for integer arithmetic. Due to a high hierarchical structure, problems can be split up into smaller (independent,parallel) subtasks which are easy to implement. The resulting AD-DA configuration can be used as a powerful general purpose IP system. Since both processors are implemented each on a single board, they offer a valuable solution for diverse industrial vision applications.
Quantum Hall Effect in Polar Oxide Heterostructures (2007)

We observed Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation and the quantum Hall effect in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in polar ZnO/Mg(x)Zn(1-x)O heterostructures grown by laser molecular beam epitaxy. The electron density could be controlled in a range of 0.7 x 10(12) to 3.7 x 10(12) per square centimeter by tuning the magnesium content in the barriers and the growth polarity. From the temperature dependence of the oscillation amplitude, the effective mass of the two-dimensional electrons was derived as 0.32 +/- 0.03 times the free electron mass. Demonstration of the quantum Hall effect in an oxide heterostructure presents the possibility of combining quantum Hall physics with the versatile functionality of metal oxides in complex heterostructures.
Capsaicin induces NKCC1 internalization and inhibits chloride secretion in colonic epithelial cells independently of TRPV1 (2012)

Colonic chloride secretion is regulated via the neurohormonal and immune systems. Exogenous chemicals (e.g., butyrate, propionate) can affect chloride secretion. Capsaicin, the pungent ingredient of the chili peppers, exerts various effects on gastrointestinal function. Capsaicin is known to activate the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), expressed in the mesenteric nervous system. Recent studies have also demonstrated its presence in epithelial cells but its role remains uncertain. Because capsaicin has been reported to inhibit colonic chloride secretion, we tested whether this effect of capsaicin could occur by direct action on epithelial cells. In mouse colon and model T84 human colonic epithelial cells, we found that capsaicin inhibited forskolin-dependent short-circuit current (FSK-I(sc)). Using PCR and Western blot, we demonstrated the presence of TRPV1 in colonic epithelial cells. In T84 cells, TRPV1 localized at the basolateral membrane and in vesicular compartments. In permeabilized monolayers, capsaicin activated apical chloride conductance, had no effect on basolateral potassium conductance, but induced NKCC1 internalization demonstrated by immunocytochemistry and basolateral surface biotinylation. AMG-9810, a potent inhibitor of TRPV1, did not prevent the inhibition of the FSK-I(sc) by capsaicin. Neither resiniferatoxin nor N-oleoyldopamine, two selective agonists of TRPV1, blocked the FSK-I(sc). Conversely capsaicin, resiniferatoxin, and N-oleoyldopamine raised intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) in T84 cells and AMG-9810 blocked the rise in [Ca(2+)](i) induced by capsaicin and resiniferatoxin suggesting the presence of a functional TRPV1 channel. We conclude that capsaicin inhibits chloride secretion in part by causing NKCC1 internalization, but by a mechanism that appears to be independent of TRPV1.
A New Method of Removing Unsynchronized Signal for ScanSAR Interferometry (2012)

We have analyzed most of the commonly used burst-mode focusing algorithms and chose the one that can be easily combined with unsynchronized-signal removal. In order to remove the unsynchronized signal in scanning synthetic aperture radar (ScanSAR) interferometry, we calculate the burst synchronization using satellite state vectors at first. Then, based on the focusing algorithm chosen and the synchronization calculated, we propose a method to remove the unsynchronized signal. The method rejects the unsynchronized phase and keeps all of the magnitude information. It has been tested with simulated Envisat Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar ScanSAR data, and the result demonstrated that the method could effectively remove the unsynchronized signal for ScanSAR interferometric processing.
Improving the Diversity of Unsupervised Paraphrasing with Embedding Outputs (2021)

We present a novel technique for zero-shot paraphrase generation. The key contribution is an end-to-end multilingual paraphrasing model that is trained using translated parallel corpora to generate paraphrases into "meaning spaces" -- replacing the final softmax layer with word embeddings. This architectural modification, plus a training procedure that incorporates an autoencoding objective, enables effective parameter sharing across languages for more fluent monolingual rewriting, and facilitates fluency and diversity in generation. Our continuous-output paraphrase generation models outperform zero-shot paraphrasing baselines when evaluated on two languages using a battery of computational metrics as well as in human assessment.
Dynamic Fracture of Nonglassy Suspensions (2013)

We study the dynamic fracture of thin layers of suspensions of non-Brownian rigid particles. The impact of a projectile triggers a liquid-to-solid transition and a hole opens in the layer. We show that the occurrence of fracture and the spatial and dynamic features of the cracks depend mostly on the thickness of the layer and the particle volume fraction. In contrast, the properties of the fractured material seem independent of volume fraction. Finally, we measure the velocity of the crack tip, from which we estimate an effective value of the shear modulus of the fractured material.
Vaccination for Hemorrhagic Enteritis of Turkeys (1977)

Laboratory and field evidence indicates that a safe and effective procedure has been developed for vaccinating turkey poults against hemorrhagic enteritis of turkeys. Vaccination is by drinking-water administration of turkey-spleen-propagated pheasant-origin live avirulent virus to 4 1/2-week-old-poults. The effect of vaccination was studied in a field location having recurrent 10-15% mortality and in a second location having recurrent mortality of 0.1-0.2%. The poults involved totaled 214,554.
Expression profiling of receptor tyrosine kinases in high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung: a comparative analysis with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (2015)

Compared with ADC or SQCC, LCNEC and SCLC had similar expression profiles for the major RTKs. The exclusive c-Kit positivity observed among HGNECs suggests that c-Kit might be a distinctive RTK in HGNEC.
P04.51. Study of natural health product adverse reactions (SONAR): active surveillance in community pharmacies (2012)

Methods Participating pharmacists and pharmacy technicians screened consecutive individuals picking up prescription medications about their (1) NHP use, (2) prescription medication use, (3) concurrent NHP/prescription medication use in the previous one month, and (4) the occurrence of potential AEs. If a potential AE was identified and the patient provided written consent, a research pharmacist conducted a guided telephone interview to gather additional detailed information on the AE and medical history of the patient.
Research Advances on Biological Activities of Tanshinone IIA- A Mini Review (2016)

Tanshinone IIA is a principal constituent of a dried root or rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen or Tanshen in Chinese). This plant has been widely used as traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of several diseases for thousands of years. This review describes biological activities reported for tanshinone IIA. Keywords: Antitumor agents, antiviral activity, danshen, tanshinone IIa, terpenoids, quinones.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC STUDIES OF RISHITIN AND RELATED COMPOUNDS. III. RISHITIN. II. SYNTHESIS (1977)

Abstract Die Synthese der Titelverbindung (XIIIb) erfolgt ausgehend von (‐)‐ α‐Santonin (I) über die angegebenen Stufen [die Überführung von (I) in (II) (2 Stufen) ist bekannt; (IV) wird aus (I) in 74%iger Ausbeute gewonnen, wenn (II) und (III) nicht isoliert werden; Isolierung von (VIa) als Triacetat (VIc); Bildung von (XIIc) und (XIIIa) (Gemisch aus (XIIb) mit KOH/Methanol; Verseifung von (XIIIa) zu (XIIIb) mit H 3 PO 4 ].