gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Failure Of Short-Term Cd4-Pe40 Infusions To Reduce Virus Load In Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Persons (1994)

The safety, immunologic, and antiviral effects of a recombinant biologic product that combines the second and third domains of the CD4 molecule and Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE40) were evaluated in 21 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects in a phase III open-label dose-ranging study. Subjects with CD4+ lymphocyte counts of 100-500/mm3 received CD4-PE40 at 40, 80, or 160 micrograms/m2 by infusion three to seven times over 10 days. At the maximum tolerated dose (80 micrograms/m2), peak CD4-PE40 levels were 65-130 ng/mL with a serum half-life of 3.6 +/- 1.5 h. Toxicity, primarily increased hepatic transaminases, was dose-related and reversible. HIV DNA proviral levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma HIV RNA remained stable during and after CD4-PE40 infusions. The relative resistance of clinical isolates of HIV, limits of the tolerated dose, and the immunogenicity and short half-life of the protein may explain the lack of in vivo antiviral effect of CD4-PE40.
ACCORDION-TYPE AGGREGATE OF WATER-SOLUBLE MESO-TETRAPHENYLPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVES (1981)

Abstract An anionic water-soluble meso-tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives and cationic one form an accordion-type aggregate, i.e., the face-to-face type multi-structure, even in relatively low concentration.
Hormonal regulation of metamorphosis and reproduction in ticks (2008)

The presence of a "status quo" hormone like JH has not been found in ticks. The most advanced understanding of tick endocrinology is associated with female reproduction, where the sequence of the first messages for storage proteins (vitellogenin (Vg) and carrier protein), the Vg receptor, and male peptidic pheromones were recently reported. The current consensus model suggests that ecdysteroids from the epidermis regulated by a putative peptidic ecdysiotrophic hormone from the synganlion initiates the expression of the Vg messages in fat body and midgut. Vg protein, secreted into the hemolymph, requires an ovary Vg receptor to be absorbed by oocytes. Male pheromones transferred into the female genital tract during mating initiate blood feeding to repletion and vitellogenesis. The work so far on tick endocrinology is limited by the paucity of identified hormones and the small number of studies on a few tick models. The role of storage proteins in the evolution of hematophagy is discussed.
EX VIVO PRESSURE MEDIATED DELIVERY OF NF-KB TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DECOYS INHIBITS MYOINTIMAL PROLIFERATION ASSOCIATED WITH GRAFT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN CARDIAC ALLOGRAFTS. (1999)

973 Introduction: Graft coronary artery disease (GCAD) due to myointimal proliferation is a major cause of morbidity and mortality following cardiac transplantation. However, the molecular mechanisms that cause GCAD remain poorly defined. Nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) is a transcription factor that is activated during reperfusion and inflammation to transcribe mRNA for cytokines and proinflammatory molecules such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. We hypothesize that ex vivo pressure mediated delivery of transcription factor decoys (TFD) to NF-kB will inhibit smooth muscle proliferation and reduce GCAD. Methods: ACI rats served as recipients of heterotopic PVG allografts. Donor hearts were perfused ex vivo with either 1cc of saline, 1cc of 160 μM scrambled sequence (NF-SCR), or 1cc of 160 μM NF-kB TFD. Hearts were incubated for 45 minutes at 78 psi and recipient rats were treated with 7.5 mg/kg cyclosporine for 10 days. Grafts were procured at postoperative day 90, sectioned, and stained with Elastin von Geisen stain. Percentage luminal narrowing was quantified using C-Imaging software (Cranberry Twp, NJ). Results: Pressure mediated delivery of NF-kB TFD yielded a transfection efficiency of 63±.8% as determined by FITC labeling. Treatment with NF-kB TFD significantly reduced myointimal proliferation compared to saline and NF-SCR. No significant differences were observed between saline treated allografts and NF-SCR treated allografts. (Table)TableConclusion: Pressure mediated delivery of NF-kB transcription factor decoys significantly decreased GCAD compared to saline and scrambled sequence treatment. These data suggest that transcriptional regulation by NF-kB plays an important role in the development of GCAD. This novel strategy may have clinical utility in decreasing the myointimal proliferation that occurs in cardiac transplantation.
Discussion (2014)

Mississauga, Ontario, Canada; and Dallas, Texas From The Plastic Surgery Clinic; and the Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Received for publication August 27, 2013; accepted August 28, 2013. Disclosure: The authors have no financial interest to declare in relation to the content of this Discussion or of the associated article. Jamil Ahmad, M.D., The Plastic Surgery Clinic, Mississauga, Ontario L5G 3H5, Canada, [email protected]
Magnetic measurements of superconducting glass-ceramic fine rods in Bi1Ca1Sr1Cu2Al0.5Ox prepared under a temperature gradient (1989)

It is shown that the crystallization of the glass precursor under a temperature gradient is very effective for preparing the superconducting glass ceramics in the Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu-O system. The magnetization measurements show that the specimen prepared under a temperature gradient has a magnetization hysteresis several times larger at 4.2 K than that prepared under no temperature gradient; the coupling between superconducting grains of the former is stronger than that of the latter.
Negative intracellular regulators of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling as potential antitumor immunotherapy targets (2023)

Immunotherapy strategies aim to mobilize immune defenses against tumor cells by targeting mainly T cells. Co-inhibitory receptors or immune checkpoints (ICPs) (such as PD-1 and CTLA4) can limit T cell receptor (TCR) signal propagation in T cells. Antibody-based blocking of immune checkpoints (immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs) enable escape from ICP inhibition of TCR signaling. ICI therapies have significantly impacted the prognosis and survival of patients with cancer. However, many patients remain refractory to these treatments. Thus, alternative approaches for cancer immunotherapy are needed. In addition to membrane-associated inhibitory molecules, a growing number of intracellular molecules may also serve to downregulate signaling cascades triggered by TCR engagement. These molecules are known as intracellular immune checkpoints (iICPs). Blocking the expression or the activity of these intracellular negative signaling molecules is a novel field of action to boost T cell-mediated antitumor responses. This area is rapidly expanding. Indeed, more than 30 different potential iICPs have been identified. Over the past 5 years, several phase I/II clinical trials targeting iICPs in T cells have been registered. In this study, we summarize recent preclinical and clinical data demonstrating that immunotherapies targeting T cell iICPs can mediate regression of solid tumors including (membrane associated) immune-checkpoint inhibitor refractory cancers. Finally, we discuss how these iICPs are targeted and controlled. Thereby, iICP inhibition is a promising strategy opening new avenues for future cancer immunotherapy treatments.
Infection and development ofPhoma medicaginison moderately resistant and susceptible alfalfa genotypes (2007)

In North America, spring black stem and leaf spot, caused by Phoma medicaginis, is one of the most important diseases of alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Symptoms appear initially as small, dark brown to black spots that eventually enlarge and on leaves the spots are associated with chlorosis and defoliation. The infection process of P. medicaginis was previously investigated on susceptible alfalfa genotypes, but little is known about this process with alfalfa plants with differing degrees of resistance. We used light and scanning electron microscopy to follow infection and development of P. medicaginis from pycnidiospore deposition on leaf surfaces through pycnidia formation on selected susceptible and resistant alfalfa genotypes from the USDA core collection. In both old and young leaves, spore germination, penetration, development of mycelium, and pycnidia formation were delayed by approximately 24 h on moderately resistant alfalfa genotypes compared with susceptible genotypes. A similar delay in visible symptom development occurred until about 192 h after inoculation, after which the amount of chlorosis in all genotypes was similar.
Copper-Substituted NiTiO3 Ilmenite-Type Materials for Oxygen Evolution Reaction (2019)

Single Ni<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>Cu<i><sub>x</sub></i>TiO<sub>3</sub> (0.05 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 0.2) Ilmenite-type phases were successfully prepared through a solid-state reaction route using divalent metal nitrates as precursors and characterized. Their electrocatalytic performance for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media is presented. The Cu content was determined (0.05 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 0.2) by X-ray diffraction. A thorough powder neutron diffraction study was carried out to identify the subtle changes caused by copper substitution in the structure of NiTiO<sub>3</sub>. The evolution of the optical and magnetic properties with the Cu content was also investigated on the raw micrometer-sized particles. A reduction in particle size down to ≈15 nm was achieved by ball-milling the raw powder prepared by the solid-state reaction. The best catalytic activity for OER was obtained for nanometer-sized particles of Ni<sub>0.8</sub>Cu<sub>0.2</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> drop-casted on the Cu plate. For this electrode, a current density of 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> for oxygen production was generated at 345 and 470 mV applied overpotentials with 1 and 0.1 M NaOH solutions as electrolytes, respectively. The catalyst retained this OER activity at 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> for long-term electrolysis with a faradic efficiency of 90% for O<sub>2</sub> production in a 0.1 M NaOH electrolyte.
Transport-based neural style transfer for smoke simulations (2019)

Artistically controlling fluids has always been a challenging task. Optimization techniques rely on approximating simulation states towards target velocity or density field configurations, which are often handcrafted by artists to indirectly control smoke dynamics. Patch synthesis techniques transfer image textures or simulation features to a target flow field. However, these are either limited to adding structural patterns or augmenting coarse flows with turbulent structures, and hence cannot capture the full spectrum of different styles and semantically complex structures. In this paper, we propose the first Transport-based Neural Style Transfer (TNST) algorithm for volumetric smoke data. Our method is able to transfer features from natural images to smoke simulations, enabling general content-aware manipulations ranging from simple patterns to intricate motifs. The proposed algorithm is physically inspired, since it computes the density transport from a source input smoke to a desired target configuration. Our transport-based approach allows direct control over the divergence of the stylization velocity field by optimizing incompressible and irrotational potentials that transport smoke towards stylization. Temporal consistency is ensured by transporting and aligning subsequent stylized velocities, and 3D reconstructions are computed by seamlessly merging stylizations from different camera viewpoints.
Fenestrated Aortic Stent Grafts (2007)

Fenestrated stent grafts have been developed to offer an endovascular treatment option to those patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms whose infrarenal necks are anatomically unsuitable for endovascular repair with standard infrarenal devices. The ability to have customized fenestrations that will preserve flow to essential visceral arteries allows proximal seal and fixation to be achieved at and above the renal level. This article discusses patient selection, stent-graft design, and the importance of accurate planning. Deployment techniques along with complications and their avoidance are considered. The published midterm results are reviewed and appear to justify the continued use and evaluation of this technique as an alternative to open surgical repair in high-risk patients with infrarenal necks unsuitable for standard endovascular repair.
High-TcSQUID biomagnetometers (2017)

In this paper, we review the preparation technology, integration in measurement systems and tests of high-T-c superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) intended for biomagnetic applications. A focus is on developments specific to Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Chalmers University of Technology, MedTech West, and the University of Gothenburg, while placing these results in the perspective of those achieved elsewhere. Sensor fabrication, including the deposition and structuring of epitaxial oxide heterostructures, materials for substrates, epitaxial bilayer buffers, bicrystal and step-edge Josephson junctions, and multilayer flux transformers are detailed. The properties of the epitaxial multilayer high-T-c direct current SQUID sensors, including their integration in measurement systems with special electronics and liquid nitrogen cryostats, are presented in the context of biomagnetic recording. Applications that include magnetic nanoparticle based molecular diagnostics, magnetocardiography, and magnetoencephalography are presented as showcases of high-T-c biomagnetic systems. We conclude by outlining future challenges.
Exploiting Gossip for Self-Management in Scalable Event Notification Systems (2007)

Challenges of scale have limited the development of event notification systems with strong properties, despite the urgent demand for consistency, reliability, security, and other guarantees in applications developed for sensitive tasks in large enterprises. These issues are the focus of Quicksilver, a new multicast platform targeted to largescale deployments. An initial version of the system can support large numbers of overlapping multicast groups, high data rates and groups with large numbers of members. However, Quicksilver still requires manual help when discovering the system configuration and can't easily enforce certain types of application monitoring and integrity constraints. In this paper, we propose to extend Quicksilver by introducing gossip mechanisms, yielding a self-managed event notification platform. The two technologies are presented through a single interface and appear to end users as live distributed objects, side-byside with other kinds of typed components.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Multicenter Phase I Trial of Ivosidenib as Maintenance Treatment Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for <i>IDH1</i>-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1: Overall and progression-free survival for patients, according to whether the transplant followed first line or second line treatment.&lt;/p&gt;
Roundabout signalling, cell contact and trophic support confine longitudinal glia and axons in the Drosophila CNS (2001)

Contrary to our knowledge of the genetic control of midline crossing, the mechanisms that generate and maintain the longitudinal axon pathways of the Drosophila CNS are largely unknown. The longitudinal pathways are formed by ipsilateral pioneer axons and the longitudinal glia. The longitudinal glia dictate these axonal trajectories and provide trophic support to later projecting follower neurons. Follower interneuron axons cross the midline once and join these pathways to form the longitudinal connectives. Once on the contralateral side, longitudinal axons are repelled from recrossing the midline by the midline repulsive signal Slit and its axonal receptor Roundabout. We show that longitudinal glia also transiently express roundabout, which halts their ventral migration short of the midline. Once in contact with axons, glia cease to express roundabout and become dependent on neurons for their survival. Trophic support and cell-cell contact restrict glial movement and axonal trajectories. The significance of this relationship is revealed when neuron-glia interactions are disrupted by neuronal ablation or mutation in the glial cells missing gene, which eliminates glia, when axons and glia cross the midline despite continued midline repellent signalling.
Ambient Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis with High Selectivity on Fe/Fe Oxide Catalyst (2018)

Electrochemical reduction of N2 to NH3 under ambient conditions can provide an alternative to the Haber–Bosch process for distributed NH3 production that can be powered by renewable electricity. The major challenge for realizing such a process is to develop efficient electrocatalysts for the N2 reduction reaction (N2RR), as typical catalysts show a low activity and selectivity due to the barrier for N2 activation and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here we report an Fe/Fe3O4 catalyst for ambient electrochemical NH3 synthesis, which was prepared by oxidizing an Fe foil at 300 °C followed by in situ electrochemical reduction. The Fe/Fe3O4 catalyst exhibits a Faradaic efficiency of 8.29% for NH3 production at −0.3 V vs the reversible hydrogen electrode in phosphate buffer solution, which is around 120 times higher than that of the original Fe foil. The high selectivity is enabled by an enhancement of the intrinsic (surface-area-normalized) N2RR activity by up to 9-fold as well as an effective suppression of the HER activity. The N2RR selectivity of the Fe/Fe3O4 catalyst is also higher than that of Fe, Fe3O4, and Fe2O3 nanoparticles, suggesting Fe/Fe oxide composite to be an efficient catalyst for ambient electrochemical NH3 synthesis.
Loss of MNK function sensitizes fibroblasts to serum‐withdrawal induced apoptosis (2007)

Map kinase-interacting protein kinases 1 and 2 (MNK1, MNK2) function downstream of p38 and ERK MAP kinases, but there are large gaps in our knowledge of how MNKs are regulated and function. Mice deleted of both genes are apparently normal, suggesting that MNKs function in adaptive pathways during stress. Here, we show that mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) obtained from mnk1 (-/-)/mnk2 (-/-) as well as mnk1 (-/-) and mnk2 (-/-) mice are sensitized to caspase-3 activation upon withdrawal of serum in comparison to wild-type cells. Caspase-3 cleavage occurs with all cells in the panel, but most rapidly and robustly in cells derived from mice lacking both MNK genes. Treatment of wild-type MEFs in the panel with a compound (CGP57380) that inhibits MNK1 and MNK2 sensitizes wild-type cells for serum-withdrawal induced apoptosis, suggesting that sensitization is due to loss of MNK function and not to a secondary event. Reintroduction of wild-type MNK1 in the double knockout MEFs results in decreased sensitivity to serum withdrawal that is not observed for wild-type MNK2, or the kinase dead variant. Our work identifies MNKs as kinases involved in anti-apoptotic signaling in response to serum withdrawal.
Automatic frequency control for solid-state sources in electron spin resonance (1992)

A lock-in amplifier circuit has been designed and tested which serves as an automatic frequency control (AFC) for electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometers employing solid-state microwave generators. Its implementation in a typical spectrometer is described and a detailed electronic schematic presented. Its performance is tested as a lock-in amplifier operating under open loop conditions, wherein operating with a 20-kHz reference, it yields an 81-dB improvement in signal to (9 kHz) noise ratio. This is consistent with expectations from computer simulations. When employed as an AFC in a typical X-band ESR system the capture and lock ranges are observed to be equivalent to those obtained from a commercial lock-in amplifier.
Dietary counselling has no effect on cardiovascular risk factors among Chinese Grade 1 hypertensive patients: a randomized controlled trial (2015)

To evaluate the effectiveness of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) by one-off dietary counselling on reducing cardiovascular risk factors among Chinese Grade 1 hypertensive patients in primary care. A parallel-group, randomized controlled trial (ChiCTR-TRC-13003014) was conducted among patients (40–70 years old) newly diagnosed with Grade 1 hypertension in primary care settings in Hong Kong. Subjects were randomized to usual care (standard education, control) (n = 275), or usual care plus DASH-based dietary counselling (intervention) (n = 281). The study endpoints included blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, and body mass index (BMI) at 6- and 12-months. Outcome data were available for 504 (90.6%) and 485 (87.2%) patients at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Blood pressure levels reduced in both groups at follow-ups. However, the intervention group did not show a significantly greater reduction in either systolic BP (−0.7 mmHg, 95%CI −3.0–1.5 at 6-month; −0.1 mmHg, 95%CI −2.4–2.2 at 12-month) or diastolic BP (−1.0 mmHg, 95%CI −2.7–0.7 at 6-month; −1.1 mmHg, 95%CI −2.9–0.6 at 12-month), when compared with the control group. The improvements in lipid profile and BMI were observed among all subjects, yet no significant differences were detected between intervention and control groups. The DASH diet by one-off dietitian counselling which resembled the common primary care practice might confer no added long-term benefits on top of physician's usual care in optimizing cardiovascular risk factors. Physicians may still practice standard usual care, yet further explorations on different DASH delivery models are warranted to inform best clinical practice.
HPLC-based activity profiling approach for the discovery of GABAA receptor ligands using a functional assay with Xenopus oocytes (2008)

An approach for rapid HPLC-based profiling for new GABAA ligands of natural origin has been developed. Active extracts are separated by a single injection of 3 - 10 mg of extract onto a semi-preparative (150 × 10 mm i. d.) HPLC column with gradient elution and time-based fractionation. The microfractions are tested in an automated two-microelectrode voltage-clamp assay on Xenopus oocytes expressing recombinant GABAA channels composed of α1, β2 and γ2S subunits. The protocol has been validated by spiking experiments with inactive extract and the GABAA receptor ligand magnolol, and by profiling of active extracts such as valerian extract containing the known GABAA receptor ligand valerenic acid. For dereplication of GABA containing extracts, we established a rapid and simple procedure by which GABA is analyzed as OPA derivative by reversed-phase HPLC. This dereplication protocol was validated with plant and fungal extracts which had been previously tested active or inactive in the oocyte assay and with spiking experiments.
Selected Contribution: Regulatory pathways involved in mechanical induction of c-fos gene expression in bone cells (2000)

The regulatory pathways involved in the rapid response of the AP-1 transcription factor, c-fos, to mechanical load in human primary osteoblast-like (HOB) cells and the human MG-63 bone cell line were investigated using a four-point bending model. HOB and MG-63 cells showed upregulation of c-fos expression on fibronectin and collagen type I substrates; however, MG-63 cells did not respond on laminin YIGSR substrates. Addition of cytochalasin D and Arg-Gly-Asp peptides during loading did not inhibit the response, whereas addition of beta(1)-integrin antibodies inhibited the load response. The role of Ca(2+) signaling has been demonstrated by blocking upregulation with addition of 2 mM EGTA, which chelates extracellular Ca(2+), and gadolinium (10 microM), which inhibits stretch-activated channels. Addition of the Ca(2+) ionophore A-23187 induced upregulation without loading; however, addition of nifedipine (10 microM), the L-type channel blocker, failed to prevent the load response. Inhibitors of downstream pathways indicated the involvement of protein kinase C. Our results demonstrate a key involvement of Ca(2+) signaling pathways and integrin binding in the c-fos response to mechanical strain.