gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Lepromatous Leprosy with Recombinant Interferon-Gamma (2020)

Treatment of leprosy with a sulfone, reported in 1944, was one of the earliest uses of antimicrobials to treat bacterial infections in man. The description of leprosy that comprises Chapter 13 of Leviticus in the Bible dates back some 3400 years, making it one of the earliest written records of a specific disease. Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen’s discovery of the leprosy bacillus in 1873 was perhaps the first identification of a pathogenic bacterium. The stage is set by analyzing the concept of macrophage activation and summarizing the features of lepromatous leprosy that beckoned as a setting in which to test these concepts. “Macrophage activation” refers here to an induced increase in the capacity of the macrophage to kill or inhibit microbes in defense of the host. While the ability of macrophages to kill the agents of non-opportunistic infections is constitutive, the ability to kill many opportunistic microorganisms is inducible.
Carbamoyl Anion Addition to N-Sulfinyl Imines: Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of α-Amino Amides (2013)

Carbamoyl anions, generated from N,N-disubstituted formamides and lithium diisopropylamide, add with high diastereoselectivity to chiral N-sulfinyl aldimines and ketimines to provide α-amino amides. The methodology enables the direct introduction of a carbonyl group without the requirement of unmasking steps as with other nucleophiles. The products may be converted to α-amino esters or 1,2-diamines. Iterative application of the reaction enabled the stereoselective synthesis of a dipeptide. Spectroscopic and computational studies support an anion structure with η(2) coordination of lithium by the carbonyl group.
Hyperspectral and Multispectral Image Fusion via Nonlocal Low-Rank Tensor Decomposition and Spectral Unmixing (2020)

Hyperspectral (HS) imaging has shown its superiority in many real applications. However, it is usually difficult to obtain high-resolution (HR) HS images through existing imaging techniques due to the hardware limitations. To improve the spatial resolution of HS images, this article proposes an effective HS-multispectral (HS-MS) image fusion method by combining the ideas of nonlocal low-rank tensor modeling and spectral unmixing. To be more precise, instead of unfolding the HS image into a matrix as done in the literature, we directly represent it as a tensor, then a designed nonlocal Tucker decomposition is used to model its underlying spatial-spectral correlation and the spatial self-similarity. The MS image serves mainly as a data constraint to maintain spatial consistency. To further reduce the spectral distortions in spatial enhancement, endmembers, and abundances from the spectral are used for spectral regularization. An efficient algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is developed to solve the resulting model. Extensive experiments on four HS image data sets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over several state-of-the-art HS-MS image fusion methods.
Copper−1,10-Phenanthroline Complexes Binding to DNA: Structural Predictions from Molecular Simulations (2009)

Copper−1,10-phenanthroline (phen) complexes Cu(phen)2, Cu(2-Clip-phen), and Cu(3-Clip-phen) (Clip = a serinol bridge between the phen parts) are typically employed as DNA-cleaving agents and are now becoming increasingly important for building multifunctional drugs with improved cytotoxic properties. For instance, Cu(3-Clip-phen) has been combined with distamycin-like minor-groove binders and cisplatin-derivatives, leading to promising results. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and docking calculations as well as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to describe the mode of binding to DNA of these complexes. Our data suggest the minor-groove binding to be more probable than (partial) intercalation and major-groove binding. In addition, it was found that a combination of factors including planarity, van der Waals interactions with DNA, and structural complementarities may be the key for the cleavage efficiency of these copper complexes.
The impact of oral food challenges for food allergy on quality of life: A systematic review (2018)

An OFC is associated with an improved food allergy-specific HRQL and a reduced parental burden of food allergy.
Antihepatotoxic Nature of Ulva reticulata (Chlorophyceae) on Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatoxicity in Experimental Rats (2004)

Ulva reticulata, a marine edible green alga, is a known source of proteins, vitamins, and sulfated polysaccharides. Though there are many reports in the literature regarding the composition and antiviral property of Ulva sp., studies of the antihepatotoxic property of green seaweeds in animal model are scarce. We have studied the antihepatotoxic nature of this marine green edible alga, U. reticulata, in a hot water extract (150 mg/kg of body weight for a period of 15 days) against acetaminophen- induced hepatotoxicity in experimental albino rats. The acetaminophen-induced rats showed significant elevation in levels of the serum marker enzymes aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase and of lipid peroxides in liver tissue with decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. The levels of reduced glutathione and vitamins (E and C) were also decreased in the liver tissue of acetaminophen-intoxicated rats. The oral pretreatment with a hot water extract of U. reticulata reduced the hepatotoxicity triggered by acetaminophen considerably by improving the antioxidant status in experimental animals with depleted levels of lipid peroxides. These results indicate that the oral pretreatment with a hot water extract of U. reticulata in rats is effective in reducing the hepatic oxidative stress via free radical scavenging properties, suggesting an antihepatotoxic activity.
Enhanced corneal wound healing with hyaluronic acid and high‐potassium artificial tears (2013)

Hyaluronic acid and high potassium ion concentration artificial tears promoted corneal epithelial wound healing in the mechanical scraping model; however, in the alkali burn model, no significant beneficial effect of this treatment was observed.
Adaptive Immune Responses following Senecavirus A Infection in Pigs (2017)

Senecavirus A (SVA), an emerging picornavirus of swine, causes vesicular disease (VD) that is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in pigs. Many aspects of SVA interactions with the host and the host immune responses to infection, however, remain unknown. In the present study, humoral and cellular immune responses to SVA were evaluated following infection in pigs. We show that SVA infection elicited an early and robust virus-neutralizing (VN) antibody response, which coincided and was strongly correlated with VP2- and VP3-specific IgM responses. Notably, the neutralizing antibody (NA) responses paralleled the reduction of viremia and resolution of the disease. Analysis of the major porcine T-cell subsets revealed that during the acute/clinical phase of SVA infection (14 days postinfection [p.i.]), T-cell responses were characterized by an increased frequency of αβ T cells, especially CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, which were first detected by day 7 p.i. and increased in frequency until day 14 p.i. Additionally, the frequency of CD8<sup>+</sup> and double-positive CD4<sup>+</sup> CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells (effector/memory T cells) expressing interferon gamma (IFN-γ) or proliferating in response to SVA antigen stimulation increased after day 10 p.i. Results presented here show that SVA elicits B- and T-cell activation early upon infection, with IgM antibody levels being correlated with early neutralizing activity against the virus and peak B- and T-cell responses paralleling clinical resolution of the disease. The work provides important insights into the immunological events that follow SVA infection in the natural host.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Senecavirus A (SVA) has recently emerged in swine, causing outbreaks of vesicular disease (VD) in major swine-producing countries around the world, including the United States, Brazil, China, Thailand, and Colombia. Notably, SVA-induced disease is clinically indistinguishable from other high-consequence VDs of swine, such as FMD, swine vesicular disease, vesicular stomatitis, and vesicular exanthema of swine. Despite the clinical relevance of SVA-induced VD, many aspects of the virus infection biology remain unknown. Here, we assessed host immune responses to SVA infection. The results show that SVA infection elicits early B- and T-cell responses, with the levels of VN antibody and CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell responses paralleling the reduction of viremia and resolution of the disease. SVA-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells are detected later during infection. A better understanding of SVA interactions with the host immune system may allow the design and implementation of improved control strategies for this important pathogen of swine.
Rearrangeable Nonblocking 8 $\times$ 8 Matrix Optical Switch Based on Silica Waveguide and Extended Banyan Network (2007)

Based on the crossbar network and the Banyan network (BN), a new rearrangeable nonblocking structure of extended Banyan network (EBN) was proposed for implementing an 8 times 8 optical matrix switch. The interconnection characteristics of the rearrangeable nonblocking EBN were studied, and the diagram of the logic program for driving the operation of switching units was provided. A silica waveguide 8 times 8 matrix optical switch was designed and fabricated according to the calculated results. The silica waveguide propagation loss of 0.1 dB/cm and waveguide-fiber coupling loss of 0.5 dB/facet were measured. With the fabricated 8 times 8 matrix optical switch, the insertion loss of 4.6 dB, the crosstalk of -38 dB, the polarization-dependent loss of 0.4 dB, the averaged switching power of 1.6 W, and the switching time of 1 ms were achieved. A basic agreement between experimental results and theoretical calculated values was achieved
Binding of boronic acids to chymotrypsin (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBinding of boronic acids to chymotrypsinJ. David Rawn and Gustav E. LienhardCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 15, 3124–3130Publication Date (Print):July 16, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 16 July 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00712a019https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00712a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views489Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Human Cytomegalovirus Stimulates the Synthesis of Select Akt-Dependent Antiapoptotic Proteins during Viral Entry To Promote Survival of Infected Monocytes (2016)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is endemic within the human population. Although primary infection is generally asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, HCMV is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised. The multiorgan inflammatory diseases associated with symptomatic HCMV infection are a direct consequence of the monocyte-mediated systemic spread of the virus. In order for peripheral blood monocytes to facilitate viral dissemination, HCMV subverts the short 48-h life span of monocytes by inducing the expression of cellular antiapoptotic proteins Mcl-1 and HSP27. Here, we demonstrate that the rapid and simultaneous upregulation of Mcl-1 and HSP27 is a distinctive feature of HCMV-induced monocyte survival. Moreover, we decipher the signaling pathways activated during viral entry needed for the robust synthesis of Mcl-1 and HSP27. Identifying the virus-specific mechanisms used to upregulate select cellular factors required for the survival of HCMV-infected monocytes is important to the development of new classes of anti-HCMV drugs.
Triple band double pass EDFA/TDFA with an embedded DCF for DWDM and CWDM applications (2006)

In this paper we present a novel DP-EDFA circuit, which encompasses the S, C and L bands and allows for DCF insertion in the double pass amplifier circuit without imposing a performance degradation related to the backscattered signal. The goal is to extend the benefits of the double pass configuration to broadband amplification, with applications to DWDM and CDWM networks. To this aim, gain and noise figures were measured from 1460 to 1476 nm (S band), 1541 to 1555 nm (C band) and 1577 to 1590 nm (L band) in a 24 channel DWDM system and from 1450 to 1610 nm for a CWDM system using 8 channels.
A Practical Synthetic Method for 3-(N,N-Disubstituted Carbamoyloxy)methyl Cephems without Generating the .DELTA.2-Isomers. (1995)

E1101, a new oral caphalosporin, has a (N, N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy)methyl group at the C-3 position of the cephem nucleus. The previous methods for manufacturing 3-(N, N-disubstituted carbamoyloxy)methyl cephems generate various amounts of intractable Δ2 isomers as by-products. In this report, we describe a new, practical synthetic method for cephems of this type without generating Δ2 isomers, via 7-acylamino-3-(4-nitrophenoxy-carbonyloxy)methyl-Δ3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (5) as a key intermediate.
Millimeter-Wave Bandpass Filters by Standard (2007)

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bandpass filters are pre- sented using the standard 0.18-µm CMOS process. Without any postprocessing steps, thin film microstrip (TFMS) structure is properly constructed on the low-resistivity silicon substrate, aim- ing at reducing the substrate loss and crosstalk to a large extent. Using the broadside-coupled scheme, a tight coupling is achieved so as to make up a class of low-loss and broadband TFMS bandpass filters in the mm-wave range. To achieve a small size, one-stage and two-stage filters with sinuous-shaped resonators are designed and fabricated. A good agreement between the predicted and measured results has been observed up to 110 GHz. Index Terms—Bandpass filter, millimeter-wave (mm-wave), silicon substrate, thin film microstrip (TFMS) line.
Chemical Beam Etching Reactions of PCl3 on GaAs(100) (1999)

We report the surface reactions of PCl3 on the gallium-rich GaAs(100)−(4 × 1) reconstruction, studied using thermal desorption spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and low-energy electron diffraction. At room temperature, PCl3 was found to adsorb molecularly. Desorption of adsorbed PCl3 competes with its thermal dissociation into PCl and Cl species. Cl selectively etches the surface gallium atoms as GaCl, which subsequently desorbs at 610 K. The adsorbed PCl undergoes further dissociation to form additional surface Cl and elemental P, and this step competes with the desorption of PCl into the gas phase. The adsorbed P desorbs from the surface as P4 at 600 K. Removal of GaCl and P4 exposes the second-layer arsenic atoms which desorb as As2 at 625 K and returns the surface to the original gallium-rich GaAs(100)−(4 × 1) reconstruction. We propose a reaction scheme to account for this digital or layer-by-layer etching of GaAs(100) with PCl3. We also discuss the implications of this reaction scheme pertaining to the use of PCl3 as a chemical beam etchant.
Efficacy of Preoperative Chemotherapy for High Risk Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma (2020)

Pathological downstaging after preoperative chemotherapy is a robust prognostic factor at radical nephroureterectomy and is associated with improved survival outcomes. Although preoperative chemotherapy appears to be effective, well designed prospective studies are still needed.
Steroid-sensitive Gene 1 Is a Novel Cyclic GMP-dependent Protein Kinase I Substrate in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (2013)

NO, via its second messenger cGMP, activates protein kinase GI (PKGI) to induce vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation. The mechanisms by which PKGI kinase activity regulates cardiovascular function remain incompletely understood. Therefore, to identify novel protein kinase G substrates in vascular cells, a λ phage coronary artery smooth muscle cell library was constructed and screened for phosphorylation by PKGI. The screen identified steroid-sensitive gene 1 (SSG1), which harbors several predicted PKGI phosphorylation sites. We observed direct and cGMP-regulated interaction between PKGI and SSG1. In cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, both the NO donor S-nitrosocysteine and atrial natriuretic peptide induced SSG1 phosphorylation, and mutation of SSG1 at each of the two predicted PKGI phosphorylation sites completely abolished its basal phosphorylation by PKGI. We detected high SSG1 expression in cardiovascular tissues. Finally, we found that activation of PKGI with cGMP regulated SSG1 intracellular distribution.
Hepatitis B—An Occupational Risk for Butchers? (1992)

Letters1 March 1992Hepatitis B—An Occupational Risk for Butchers?Dror Mevorach, MD, Rami Eliakim, MD, Mayer Brezis, MDDror Mevorach, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Rami Eliakim, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Mayer Brezis, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-5-428_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, for which preventive vaccination is still the best available therapy, has significant morbidity and mortality. We report the outbreak of hepatitis B in a butchery in which four of the five employees as well as their spouses showed evidence of HBV infection. The means of transmission of HBV are discussed.A 57-year-old man was hospitalized for management of excessive hypertension that was resistant to metoprolol and diltiazem. Physical examination revealed no relevant findings except for high blood pressure (180 to 200/120). A complete blood count and the results of liver enzyme and...References1. FranksBeryKane AJM. Hepatitis B virus infection among children born in the United States to Southeast Asian refugees. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:1301-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. GrayWeberLemon DJM. Horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus. Lancet. 1989;1:889-93. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Hoofnagle J. Towards universal vaccinations against hepatitis B virus. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:1333-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. LewisAlterChalmers JHT. A comparison of the frequency of hepatitis B antigen and antibody in hospital and non-hospital personnel. N Engl J Med. 1973;289:647-51. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. MijchBarnesCroweDimitrakakisLucas ARSMC. An outbreak of hepatitis B and D in butchers. Scand J Infect Dis. 1987;19:179-84. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hadassah University Hospital Jerusalem 91240 Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHepatitis in slaughterhouse workersSequential occurrence of acute hepatitis B among members of a high school Sumo wrestling clubIncreased risk of exposure to hepatitis b infection among butchers sharing knives 1 March 1992Volume 116, Issue 5Page: 428-428KeywordsHepatitis AHepatitis BHepatitis B virusHypertensionInfectious hepatitisLiverMorbidityMortalityPrimary hypertensionResistant hypertension Issue Published: 1 March 1992 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The ClearPET/spl trade/ LSO/LuYAP phoswich scanner: a high performance small animal PET system (2003)

A 2nd generation high performance small animal PET scanner, called ClearPET/spl trade/, has been designed and a first prototype is built by working groups of the Crystal Clear Collaboration (CCC). In order to achieve high sensitivity and maintain good uniform spatial resolution over the field of view in high resolution PET systems, it is necessary to extract the depth of interaction (DOI) information and correct for spatial degradation. The design of the first ClearPET/spl trade/ Demonstrator based on the use of the multi-anode photomultiplier tube (Hamamatsu R7600-M64) and a LSO/LuYAP phoswich matrix. The two crystal layers of 8*8 crystals (2*2*10 mm/sup 3/) are stacked on each other and mounted without light guide as one to one on the PMT. A unit of four PMTs arranged in-line represents one of 20 sectors of the ring design. The opening diameter of the crystal ring is 137 mm, the axial detector length is 110 mm. The PMT pulses are digitized by free-running ADCs and digital data processing determines the gamma energy, the phoswich layer and even the pulse arrival time. Single gamma interactions are recorded and coincidences are found by software. The gantry allows rotation of the detector modules around the field of view. The measurements have been done using the first LSO/LuYAP detector cassettes.
Crossroads: Interactive Music Systems Transforming Performance, Production and Listening (2016)

date-added: 2017-12-22 18:26:58 +0000 date-modified: 2017-12-22 18:38:33 +0000 keywords: mood-based interaction, intelligent music production, HCI local-url: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/12502 publisher-url: http://mcl.open.ac.uk/music-chi/uploads/19/HCIMUSIC_2016_paper_15.pdf bdsk-url-1: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/12502/Barthet%20Crossroads%3A%20Interactive%20Music%20Systems%202016%20Accepted.pdf
Structural-acoustic optimization using cluster computing (2017)

Structural-acoustic optimization using state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms may require tens of thousands of system solutions, which can be time-limiting for full-scale systems. To reduce the time required for each function evaluation, parallel processing techniques are used to solve the system in a highly-scalable fashion. The system acoustic radiation is modeled as a stochastic problem using finite elements for the structural vibration and boundary elements for the fluid loading and acoustic analysis. The approach is demonstrated by minimizing the sound radiated from curved panel under the influence of a turbulent boundary layer in the presence of added point masses. Details of the point mass magnitudes and distribution are outcomes of the optimization. Solver scaling information is provided that demonstrates the utility of the parallel processing approach.
On the design of prunable interleavers for turbo codes (2003)

A significant drawback of the interleaver design methods available in the literature of turbo codes is that they all design only for a fixed interleaver block size. As a result, one must design a new interleaver for each required block size; and, unfortunately, there is little common structure among the set of interleavers so designed. For systems that require several 1000+ bit interleavers, such as third generation CDMA systems under development worldwide, this is highly undesirable. This paper addresses the cited problem by introducing the concept of prunable turbo interleavers and providing a small family of optimized block interleavers with pseudo-random readout that provide high performance even under severe pruning.