gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial activities of chicken β-defensin (4 and 10) peptides against pathogenic bacteria and fungi (2015)

Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are small cationic peptides found in several organisms. They play a vital role in innate immunity response and immunomodulatory stimulation. This investigation was designed to study the antimicrobial activities of β-defensin peptide-4 (sAvBD-4) and 10 (sAvBD-4) derived from chickens against pathogenic organisms including bacteria and fungi. Ten bacterial strains and three fungal species were used in investigation. The results showed that the sAvBD-10 displayed a higher bactericidal potency against all the tested bacterial strains than that of sAvBD-4. The exhibited bactericidal activity was significant against almost the different bacterial strains at different peptide concentrations except for that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Streptococcus bovis (Str. bovis) strains where a moderate effect was noted. Both peptides were effective in the inactivation of fungal species tested yielding a killing rate of up to 95%. The results revealed that the synthetic peptides were resistant to salt at a concentration of 50 mM NaCl. However, they lost antimicrobial potency when applied in the presence of high salt concentrations. Based on blood hemolysis studies, a little hemolytic effect was showed in the case of both peptides even when applied at high concentrations. The data obtained from this study indicated that synthetic avian peptides exhibit strong antibacterial and antifungal activity. In conclusion, future work and research should be tailored to a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of those peptides and their potential use in the pharmaceutical industry to help reduce the incidence and impact of infectious agent and be marketed as a naturally occurring antibiotic.
Distractorless Authorship Verification (2012)

Abstract. Authorship verification is the task of, given a document and a candidate author, determining whether or not the document was written by the candidate author. Traditional approaches to authorship verification have revolved around a “candidate author vs. everything else ” approach. Thus, perhaps the most important aspect of performing au-thorship verification on a document is the development of an appropriate distractor set to represent “everything not the candidate author”. The validity of the results of such experiments hinges on the ability to develop an appropriately rep-resentative set of distractor documents. Here, we propose a method for performing authorship verification without the use of a distractor set. Using only training data from the candidate author, we are able to perform authorship verifica-tion with high confidence (greater than 90 % accuracy rates across a large corpus).
BGP-LS Advertisement of IGP Traffic Engineering Performance Metric Extensions (2018)

This document defines new BGP-LS TLVs in order to carry the IGP
Traffic Engineering Metric Extensions defined in the IS-IS and OSPF
protocols.
The efficacy of CB-103, a first-in-class transcriptional Notch inhibitor, in preclinical models of breast cancer (2023)

Abstract Background Notch signaling has been shown to mediate treatment resistance and support cancer stem cells (CSCs) in endocrine-resistant estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs). The clinical development of GSIs, first generation Notch inhibitors, has been hindered by lack of Notch specificity and dose-limiting toxicity. Here we describe the safety and efficacy of a first-in-class, clinical stage, orally available small molecule pan-Notch inhibitor, CB-103. Due to its unique mode of action, CB-103 doesn’t induce GI toxicities noted with GSIs. There is a critical need for effective, safe, targeted therapies for patients with endocrine-refractory metastatic breast cancer. Recently approved targeted therapies for TNBC are only effective for a subset of patients. Moreover, GSI-resistant, constitutively activating Notch1 or Notch2 mutations are observed in ∼10% of TNBC. Our study elucidating the synergy of CB-103 with fulvestrant and paclitaxel in preclinical models of both hormone-refractory ER+ BC and TNBC respectively provides a novel and unique opportunity to address major unmet therapeutic needs. Methods CB-103 was screened in combination with a panel of anti-neoplastic drugs. We evaluated the anti-tumor activity of CB-103 with fulvestrant in ESR1-mutant (Y537S), endocrine-resistant BC xenografts. In the same model, we examined anti-CSC activity in mammosphere formation assays for CB-103 alone or in combination with fulvestrant or palbociclib. We also evaluated the effect of CB-103 plus paclitaxel on primary tumors and CSC in GSI-resistant TNBC model HCC1187. Comparisons between groups were performed with two-sided unpaired Student’s t -test. One-way or two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post analysis was performed to analyze in vivo efficacy study results. Results CB-103 showed synergism with fulvestrant in ER+ cells and with paclitaxel in TNBC cells. CB-103 combined with fulvestrant or paclitaxel potently inhibited mammosphere formation in both models. Combination of CB-103 and fulvestrant significantly reduced tumor volume in an ESR1-mutant, endocrine-resistant BC model. In a GSI-resistant TNBC model, CB-103 plus paclitaxel significantly delayed tumor growth compared to paclitaxel alone. Conclusions Our data indicate that CB-103 is an attractive candidate for clinical investigation in endocrine resistant, recurrent breast cancers with biomarker-confirmed Notch activity in combination with SERDs and/or CDKis and in TNBCs with biomarker-confirmed Notch activity in combination with taxane-containing chemotherapy regimens.
Achieving Design Closure Through Delay Relaxation Parameter (2003)

Current design automation methodologies are becoming incapable of achieving design closure especially in the presence of deep submicron effects. This paper addresses the issue of design closure from a high level point of view. A new metric called delay relaxation parameter (DRP) for RTL (Register Transfer Level) designs is proposed. DRP essentially captures the degree of delay relaxation that the design can tolerate without violating the clock constraint. This metric when optimized results in quicker design flow. Algorithms to optimize DRP are formulated and their optimality are investigated. Experimental results are conducted using a state of the art design flow with Synopsys Design Compiler followed by Cadence Place and Route. Our approach of optimizing DRP resulted in lesser design iterations and faster design closure as compared to designs generated through Synopsys Behavioral Compiler and a representative academic design flow.
Folate receptor mediated genetic modification of human mesenchymal stem cells via folic acid-polyethylenimine-grafted poly(N-3-hydroxypropyl)aspartamide (2017)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are targeted as vehicles for cell mediated gene therapy. Here we report on a macromolecular carrier, which was designed aiming at successful targeted gene delivery into MSCs through the mediation of folate receptor and reduced cytotoxicity compared to established cationic polymer vector - polyethylenimine with a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 25,000 Dalton (PEI25K). The carrier PHPA-PEI1800-FA was synthesized in a two-step procedure. PHPA-PEI1800 was prepared by grafting polyethylenimine with a Mw of 1800 Dalton (PEI1800) onto the α,β-poly(N-3-hydroxypropyl)-D,L-aspartamide (PHPA) backbone. PHPA-PEI1800-FA was obtained by chemically conjugating folic acid onto PHPA-PEI1800. The grafting degree of PEI1800 was 3.9±0.2% in relation to the CH groups of PHPA and the molar ratio of folic acid conjugated to PEI1800 (χFA) was 1.8±0.1 as calculated by NMR spectroscopy. The copolymers were biodegradable and exhibited lower cytotoxicity than PEI25K. Compared to PHPA-PEI1800, PHPA-PEI1800-FA led to a significantly higher transfection efficiency in human MSCs, which could be attributed to the mediation of folate receptor during the transfection process as confirmed by folic acid competition assay. Both marker gene (GFP) and therapeutic gene (VEGF) were delivered into human MSCs from multi-donors using PHPA-PEI1800-FA. The percentage of GFP+ MSCs showed an average value of 2.85±1.60% but a large variation for different samples. The VEGF expression level of the PHPA-PEI1800-FA transfected cells was significantly higher than that of either untransfected or naked DNA transfected cells. Conclusively, PHPA-PEI1800-FA is a suitable vector to deliver genes into human MSCs through the interaction with folate receptor.
Channeling effects in high-angular-resolution electron spectroscopy (2006)

Momentum-transfer-resolved electron spectroscopy is a technique for examining the electronic structure of materials and requires the use of detectors accepting a small range of momentum transfers. For crystalline specimens, it is necessary to consider the channeling behavior of the fast electrons both before and after inelastic scattering to adequately describe the signals produced. Using oxygen $K$-shell core loss in NiO as a case study, we examine channeling in high-angular-resolution electron-channeling electron spectroscopy. The roles of nonlocality and sample thickness as they relate to the channeling effect are explored. Particular attention is given to the behavior arising from the channeling of the scattered electrons, as compared with models in which only the incident electrons channel. Calculations allowing for the channeling of both the incident and the scattered electrons are computationally demanding and we explore approximations that can be made for detectors with small acceptance angles.
Supplementary figure and table legend from Therapeutic Targeting of TFE3/IRS-1/PI3K/mTOR Axis in Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure and Table Legend&lt;/p&gt;
Simultaneous detection of readback signals from interfering magnetic recording tracks using array heads (1990)

A maximum-likelihood detector for interfering channels is described. Attention is given to the cases of array heads reading several tracks simultaneously as well as to a single head suffering from crosstalk from adjacent tracks. An interesting case is that of two tracks being read by three heads. Simple examples of partial-response channels with no frequency distortion across tracks are given and performances are calculated. It is shown that for a small amount of crosstalk, an improvement in performance over the no-interference case is possible. It is also shown that the use of the detector to counter crosstalk when only a single head is present can yield substantial gains over the case where the detection ignores crosstalk. The potential of two-dimensional trellis coding is also shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Clinical genetics of melanoma (2011)

Malignant melanoma (MM) represents one of the most aggressive neoplasms and its frequency is increasing rapidly. Increased melanoma risk among relatives of MM patients and familial aggregations of this malignancy point at genetic predisposition as an important factor of MM pathogenesis. The genetic basis of MM is complex and appears to involve multiple genes. CDKN2A is regarded as the major MM susceptibility gene. In the Polish population common CDKN2A variant (A148T) increases significantly melanoma risk regardless of the cancer family history. Mutations of other high risk genes, ARF and CDK4 are extremely rare. The higher rates of CDKN2A/p16 mutations can be detected only in rare cases characterized by: 1) occurrence of three or more primary melanomas, 2) patients with three or more melanomas in aggregate among first or second degree relatives, 3) families with the presence of three or more cases of melanoma and/or pancreatic cancer on the same side of the family.
Robot-aided assessment of lower extremity functions: a review (2016)

The assessment of sensorimotor functions is extremely important to understand the health status of a patient and its change over time. Assessments are necessary to plan and adjust the therapy in order to maximize the chances of individual recovery. Nowadays, however, assessments are seldom used in clinical practice due to administrative constraints or to inadequate validity, reliability and responsiveness. In clinical trials, more sensitive and reliable measurement scales could unmask changes in physiological variables that would not be visible with existing clinical scores.In the last decades robotic devices have become available for neurorehabilitation training in clinical centers. Besides training, robotic devices can overcome some of the limitations in traditional clinical assessments by providing more objective, sensitive, reliable and time-efficient measurements. However, it is necessary to understand the clinical needs to be able to develop novel robot-aided assessment methods that can be integrated in clinical practice.This paper aims at providing researchers and developers in the field of robotic neurorehabilitation with a comprehensive review of assessment methods for the lower extremities. Among the ICF domains, we included those related to lower extremities sensorimotor functions and walking; for each chapter we present and discuss existing assessments used in routine clinical practice and contrast those to state-of-the-art instrumented and robot-aided technologies. Based on the shortcomings of current assessments, on the identified clinical needs and on the opportunities offered by robotic devices, we propose future directions for research in rehabilitation robotics. The review and recommendations provided in this paper aim to guide the design of the next generation of robot-aided functional assessments, their validation and their translation to clinical practice.
An extended object composition model for distributed multimedia services (2003)

In this paper, we present an object-oriented multimedia data processing model to support a wide variety of applications requiring network-transparent accesses to stored multimedia data, real-time multimedia input devices, and multimedia processing components. Most multimedia solutions address the problem of authoring, storing, and downloading hypermedia data. But these solutions fall short in supporting long-time and. continuous media I/O and communications. Our model addresses primitive objects and their compositions for real-time data interleaving, synchronization, routing and delivery, as well as acquisition, filtering, and output. These capabilities are abstracted and aggregated within an object-oriented paradigm. As an illustration, an audiovisual teleconference with a shared remote multimedia presentation is interpreted in this paradigm.
Self-assembled nanoarchitectures of polar nanobelts/nanowires (2004)

This article reviews the most recent progress in the synthesis of polar-surface dominated semiconducting and piezoelectric ZnO nanostructures: including nanosprings, nanohelices, nanorings, nanobows and nanodisks. These structures were formed by self-assembly of polar nanobelts/nanowires as driven by minimizing electrostatic energy owing to spontaneous polarization. The nanostructures could have novel applications in optoelectronics, sensors, transducers and resonators.
Electronically tunable plasmonic grating-gate terahertz detectors (2007)

Split grating-gate field effect transistors (FETs) detectors made from high mobility quantum well two-dimensional electron gas material have been shown to exhibit greatly improved tunable resonant photoresponse compared to single grating-gate detectors due to the formation of a 'diode-like' element by the split-gate structure. These detectors are relatively large for FETs (1mm x 1mm area or larger) to match typical focused THz beam spot sizes. In the case where the focused THz spot size is smaller than the detector area, we have found evidence, through positional scanning of the detector element, that only a small portion of the detector is active. To further investigate this situation, detectors with the same channel width (1mm), but various channel lengths, were fabricated and tested. The results indicate that indeed, only a small portion of the split grating gated FET is active. This finding opens up the possibility for further enhancement of detector sensitivity by increasing the active area.
A Semi-Automated Pipeline for the Segmentation of Rhesus Macaque Hippocampus: Validation across a Wide Age Range (2014)

This report outlines a neuroimaging pipeline that allows a robust, high-throughput, semi-automated, template-based protocol for segmenting the hippocampus in rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) monkeys ranging from 1 week to 260 weeks of age. The semiautomated component of this approach minimizes user effort while concurrently maximizing the benefit of human expertise by requiring as few as 10 landmarks to be placed on images of each hippocampus to guide registration. Any systematic errors in the normalization process are corrected using a machine-learning algorithm that has been trained by comparing manual and automated segmentations to identify systematic errors. These methods result in high spatial overlap and reliability when compared with the results of manual tracing protocols. They also dramatically reduce the time to acquire data, an important consideration in large-scale neuroradiological studies involving hundreds of MRI scans. Importantly, other than the initial generation of the unbiased template, this approach requires only modest neuroanatomical training. It has been validated for high-throughput studies of rhesus macaque hippocampal anatomy across a broad age range.
Beamforming of Broad-Band Bandpass Plane Waves Using Polyphase 2-D FIR Trapezoidal Filters (2008)

A new discrete-domain method is proposed for the beamforming of temporally broad-band bandpass plane waves (PWs) using a real-coefficient 2-D spatio-temporal (ST) finite-impulse response (FIR) filter having a novel rectangularly symmetric double-trapezoidal-shaped passband. The arriving temporally broad-band-bandpass ST PWs are received by a 1-D uniformly distributed sensor array. The sensor signals are pre-filtered, down-shifted to the intermediate frequency (IF) band, low-pass filtered and synchronously sampled by the real IF tri-stage temporal sampler array, resulting in a real-valued 2-D sampled sequence. The beamforming operation is then carried out on this 2-D sampled sequence using the real-coefficient 2-D FIR double-trapezoidal filter. Arithmetic complexity in the hardware implementation of the 2-D FIR double-trapezoidal filter is significantly reduced by using an array of real-coefficient polyphase 1-D FIR filters. Experimental results have confirmed that this method is capable of enhancing the desired temporally broad-band-bandpass ST PWs according to their directions of arrival under severe co-channel interference.
Combinatorial CVD of Zirconium, Hafnium, and Tin Oxide Mixtures for Applications as High‐κ Materials (2004)

Abstract A low‐pressure CVD reactor was modified to create continuous compositional spreads of ZrO 2 /HfO 2 /SnO 2 on a single Si(100) wafer. Anhydrous metal nitrates were used as single‐source precursors to grow the films, and the compositions were mapped using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS). An array of 100 × 100 μm 2 capacitors was used to map the dielectric constant. High dielectric constants were observed for the films having high ZrO 2 concentrations, while high SnO 2 concentrations correlated with low values of κ.
Intelligent mobile satellite antenna tracking system design (2008)

This research applied both the traditional and the fuzzy control methods for mobile satellite antenna tracking system design. The antenna tracking and the stabilization loops were designed firstly according to the bandwidth and phase margin requirements. However, the performance would be degraded if the tacking loop gain is reduced due to parameter variation. On the other hand a PD type of fuzzy controller was also applied for tracking loop design. It can be seen that the system performance obtained by the fuzzy controller was better for low antenna tracking gain. Thus this research proposed an adaptive law by taking either traditional or fuzzy controllers for antenna tracking system depending on the tacking loop gain, then the tracking gain parameter variation effect can be reduced.
Nanometer-Thick Conjugated Microporous Polymer Films for Selective and Sensitive Vapor-Phase TNT Detection (2018)

Conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) thin films often show fast and amplified signal response and potential for developing portable sensing devices. Here, we elucidate electrochemical generation of three CMP thin films and their fluorescence response to trinitrotoluene (TNT). A tetra(carbazolylphenyl)ethylene monomer TPETCz-derived CMP thin film (PTPETCz, SBET: 930 m2/g) displayed fluorescence (λmax = 525 nm) quenching to nearly 95% in 3 min, when the CMP film is exposed to 33 ppb TNT vapors. Interestingly, PTPETCz is highly sensitive (30% quenching) to TNT vapors of low concentrations (5–10 ppb) and also remarkably selective toward TNT compared to other analytes. In contrast, an only mere response was observed when a nonporous monomer TPETCz-film was exposed to 0.2 ppm TNT. So, the microporosity and extended π-conjugation of the polymer facilitating suitable host–guest interactions is found to be essential toward highly sensitive detection of TNT. Fluorenone-cored CMP thin films (PFLCz) showed no response, while PTPEFLCz containing both tetraphenylethylene and fluorenone structural units showed nearly 70% of emission quenching in the presence of 0.2 ppm TNT. Therefore, the presence of electron-donating TPE core is a prerequisite for efficient photoinduced electron transfer from polymer to nitroarenes.
ABACS: An Attribute-Based Access Control System for Emergency Services over Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (2011)

In this paper, we propose an Attribute-Based Access Control System (ABACS) for emergency services with security assurance over Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). ABACS aims to improve the efficiency of rescues mobilized via emergency communications over VANETs. By adopting fuzzy identity-based encryption, ABACS can select the emergency vehicles that can most appropriately deal with an emergency and securely delegate the authority to control traffic facilities to the assigned emergency vehicles. Using novel cryptographic preliminaries, ABACS realizes confidentiality of messages, prevention of collusion attacks, and fine-grained access control. As compared to the current PKI scheme, the computational delay and transmission overhead can be reduced by exploiting the advantages afforded by message broadcasting, which is heavily used in ABACS. The performance evaluation demonstrates that ABACS is a suitable candidate for realizing emergency services via VANETs.