gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conflict-Aware Replicated Data Types (2018)

We introduce Conflict-Aware Replicated Data Types (CARDs). CARDs are significantly more expressive than Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) as they support operations that can conflict with each other. Introducing conflicting operations typically brings the need to block an operation in at least some executions, leading to difficulties in programming and reasoning about correctness, as well as potential inefficiencies in implementation. The salient aspect of CARDs is that they allow ease of programming and reasoning about programs comparable to CRDTs, while enabling algorithmic inference of conflicts so that an operation is blocked only when necessary. The key idea is to have a language that allows associating with each operation a two-state predicate called {\em consistency guard} that relates the state of the replica on which the operation is executing to a global state (which is never computed). The consistency guards bring three advantages. First, a programmer developing an operation needs only to choose a consistency guard that states what the operation will rely on. In particular, they do not need to consider the operation conflicts with other operation. This allows purely {\em modular reasoning}. Second, we show that consistency guard allow reducing the complexity of reasoning needed to prove invariants that hold as CARD operations are executing. The reason is that consistency guard allow reducing the reasoning about concurrency among operations to purely {\em sequential reasoning}. Third, conflicts among operations can be algorithmically inferred by checking whether the effect of one operation preserves the consistency guard of another operation.
Experimental Study of Thermoelectric Properties of Randomly Distributed SWCNTs and SiC Nanoparticles (2012)

In this experimental study we have investigated the thermoelectric (TE) properties of Single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and Silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were randomly distributed on a nonconductive glass substrate and hot and cold junctions were created using silver epoxy and Alumel (Ni-Al) wire. The carbon nanotubes used were approximately 60% semiconducting and 40% metallic. Voltage (mV), current (µA) and resistance (Ω) were measured across the distributed nanoparticles within 200 o C temperature difference. The Seebeck coefficient for SWCNTs was 0.12 mV/ o C whereas SiC nanoparticles showed no TE effect. However, when SWCNTs (at 10, 25 and 50 wt%) were infused into SiC, substantial TE effect was present. Even though the Seebeck coefficient was in a similar range with different SWCNT concentrations, current, resistance and Power factor (P.F.) changed with wt% of nanotubes. Current and P.F. increased with the increased concentration of SWCNTs in the samples. However, resistance slightly decreased with the increase in temperature. Finally, the structures created were analyzed in a SEM (scanning electron microscope). It was revealed that fiber like SWCNTs created randomly distributed network with Nano junctions (NJ) inside the SiC matrix and infused the thermoelectric properties in the combined SiC+SWCNTs material system.
Electro-thermal analysis of paralleled diamond devices for higher total current (2023)

International audience
Effects of the Novel High-Affinity 5-HT1B/1D-Receptor Ligand Frovatriptan in Human Isolated Basilar and Coronary Arteries (1998)

The contractile actions of the novel high-affinity 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT(1B/1D)) ligand, frovatriptan (formerly VML 251/SB-209509) were investigated in human isolated basilar and coronary arteries in which the endothelium had been removed. Basilar arteries were obtained post mortem, and coronary arteries were obtained from patients undergoing heart transplant (recipient) or from donor hearts that were not suitable for transplant. Frovatriptan was a potent contractile agent in isolated basilar artery with a -log mean effective concentration (EC50) value of 7.86 +/- 0.07 and intrinsic activity of 1.25 +/- 0.10 relative to 5-HT (n = 4). Frovatriptan was 8.5-fold more potent than sumatriptan, which produced a -log EC50 value of 6.93 +/- 0.09 and intrinsic activity 11.1 +/- 0.08 relative to 5-HT (n = 4). In coronary arteries, frovatriptan produced contraction with -log EC50 values of 7.38 +/- 0.12 and 7.81 +/- 0.2 in recipient (n = 7) and donor (n = 3) arteries, respectively. The relative degree of contraction of frovatriptan was lower than that of 5-HT, with relative intrinsic activities of 0.42 +/- 0.06 and 0.40 +/- 0.09, respectively. Sumatriptan produced contraction of human recipient and donor arteries with -log EC50 values (intrinsic activity) of 6.57 +/- 0.13 (0.79 +/- 0.27; n = 6) and 7.35 (1.41; n = 2), respectively. Furthermore, marked bell-shaped responses were apparent for frovatriptan in coronary arteries, with relaxation occurring at concentrations >6 microM in some tissues. In contrast, no bell-shaped concentration-response curves were apparent for sumatriptan or 5-HT. Threshold concentrations for frovatriptan-induced contractions were also different between basilar (>2 nM) and coronary arteries (>20 nM). No separation of threshold activity was observed with sumatriptan or 5-HT. These data show that frovatriptan produces constriction of human isolated basilar and coronary arteries. However, frovatriptan produces a complex pharmacologic response in the coronary artery, with threshold contractile activity requiring approximately 10-fold greater concentrations of agonist than in the basilar artery. Frovatriptan also shows a differential pharmacologic profile compared with sumatriptan in coronary arteries, with reversal of tone predominating at high concentration.
Chronic allergic lung inflammation negatively influences neurobehavioral outcomes in mice (2022)

6 weeks of intranasal HDM administration in mice to mimic the chronic status of lung inflammation in asthma, caused significant inflammatory histological changes in the lungs, and several behavioral changes consistent with depression and altered spatial memory. Chymase and c-Fos proteins were increased in the brain from HDM-treated mice, suggesting links between lung inflammation and brain mast cell activation, which could be responsible for depression-like behavior.
An Oxynitride ISFET Modified for Working in a Differential Mode for pH Detection (1994)

In this study, we have shown that it is possible to deposit a silicon oxynitride membrane on silica ISFETs by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and to develop a solid‐state device for pH detection which works in a differential mode. Silicon technology using a new encapsulation technique and a new geometry of the ISFETs is described. The PECVD oxynitride membrane is deposited without damaging the structure. A nernstian stable pH response is obtained: between pH 2 and 8.3 and it is only slightly affected by the concentration of Na+ ions. Moreover, this silicon oxynitride membrane can be grafted with a long alkyl chain silane in order to make a REFET with a sensitivity of between pH 3.3 and 8.1. The pH response of the solid‐state device obtained is from pH 2 to 8.
Time-Constrained Video Delivery Using Adaptive Coding Parameters (2018)

In some applications, video content needs to be encoded and uploaded to a remote destination within a pre-defined amount of time. In order to guarantee that the overall processing time does not exceed certain time constraints, a system that performs joint encoding and uploading time control is needed. Such a system requires the flexibility to control both the time spent in the encoding process and the bit-rate. This is because the latter significantly influences the transmission time, especially for transmissions under low-bandwidth constraints. This paper proposes a novel approach to address this challenge by adapting the quantization parameters (QP) of a video encoder in order to meet overall processing time requirements, including both encoding and uploading time. The proposed QP adaptation approach relies on mechanisms to accurately predict the encoding time and bit-rate during the encoding process for the incoming group of pictures. This in turn allows adequate QP selections that result in accurately meeting the overall time constraints. A comprehensive experimental evaluation shows that the proposed QP adaptation approach can accurately meet the overall time constraints by efficiently adapting the encoding process to different target times and bandwidth conditions.
Visualization of the curved liquid surface by means of the optical method (2006)

A simple technique for visualizing the curved liquid surface was developed, which is based on analyzing the reflection patterns from the curved liquid surface. Due to the wetting effect, a symmetric meniscus appeared around the needle which was inserted into the liquid. A round dark area reflection pattern was observed, when a collimated, expanded laser beam illuminates upon the curved liquid surface in a vertical direction. Particularly, the size of the dark area will change with the diameter of the laser beam. The relationships between them were theoretically analyzed, and the corresponding analytic expression of the curved liquid surface profile was derived. Based on the analytic expression, the surface tension of the liquid was obtained. Compared with the results of other methods, such as the Wilhelmy plate method and the rising method, they are in good agreement. It shows that an effective and practical technique for visualizing the curved liquid surface was found.
Formal specifications and proofs of inheritance protocols for real-time scheduling (1990)

Priority is one means of representing scheduling information in a concurrent real-time programming language. Unfortunately, a static priority scheme can give rise to inversion when combined with synchronisation primitives. In this paper the use of semaphores for protecting access to critical regions is investigated. The formal notation Z is used for this treatment. It is shown that the normal semantics for semaphores can lead to a high priority process being delayed indefinitely. The inclusion of inheritance into the semaphore model improves the situation, but delays can still be significant. To overcome this lack of responsiveness, Lui Sha et al. [1] have developed a ceiling protocol that both removes the possibility of deadlock and limits (to one) the number of times a high priority process can be blocked. This paper contains a formal specification of a complete and a simplified version of the ceiling protocol, together with proofs of their important properties. The simplified version is suitable only for soft real-time systems and was generated while working from an incomplete natural language description given by Sha. The results of the proofs give considerable insight into the ceiling protocols and clarify many areas of their operation.
Tetrahydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones from Ugi MCR Intermediates (2012)

Key words tetrahydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones - Ugi reaction - trimethylphosphine
EMI coupling paths in silicon optical sub-assembly package (2016)

Optical transceiver modules are commonly used in telecommunication and data communications systems. These modules, which are located in the optical I/O ports at the front-end of switches and routers, are a dominating source of electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems at their operation frequency and/or harmonics. In this study, a simulation model is used to investigate the EMI coupling physics and performance of the silicon optical sub-assembly (OSA) module. Total radiation power (TRP) measurement has also been performed in a mode-stirred reverberation chamber (RC) to support the radiation mechanism analysis. The connector between the module circuit board to flex cable has been identified as the major EMI source above 15 GHz in the OSA module. This conclusion can help provide insight to EMC design engineers about the potential EMI problems in the OSA package.
Incidence of Dementia and Alzheimer Disease in 2 Communities (2001)

This is the first report of incidence rate differences for dementia and AD in studies of 2 populations from nonindustrialized and industrialized countries using identical methods and the same group of investigators in both sites. Further explorations of these population differences may identify potentially modifiable environmental or genetic factors to account for site differences in dementia and AD.
Mobility of membrane-trapped particles: Protrusion into the surrounding fluid (2001)

Short summary: Rheological and transport studies of model thin films and membranes, often inspired by biological systems, make use of translational or rotational motion or diffusion of particles trapped in the surface film. Here, the mobility of a disk-shaped particle, trapped in a Newtonian surface film and bounded on one side by a viscous Newtonian fluid, is determined for when the particle protrudes into the subphase.
MicroCloud-based network traffic monitoring (2013)

Monitoring of large distributed networks requires the deployment of several probes at different network locations where traffic to be analyzed is flowing. Each probe analyzes the traffic and sends the monitoring data toward a centralized management station. This semi-centralized architecture based on the push model is extensively adopted to analyze large distributed networks. However, this architecture presents serious limitations when used to provide real-time traffic monitoring and correlation capabilities across all probes. This paper describes a novel architecture that addresses the problem of real-time traffic correlation and alerting, by exploiting modern cloud infrastructures. In particular, we propose the adoption of a small-sized cloud to provide a consistent data space that is: i) shared among distinct probes to selectively store monitoring data, and, ii) accessible by external applications to retrieve selected information. We validate our architecture on large distributed networks in the context of DNS traffic monitoring.
Transepithelial Enhanced Fluence Pulsed Light M Accelerated Crosslinking for Early Progressive Keratoconus with Chemically Enhanced Riboflavin Solutions and Air Room Oxygen (2022)

Transepithelial enhanced fluence pulsed light M accelerated crosslinking with chemically enhanced riboflavin solution halted KC progression in young adult patients without iontophoresis and no intraoperative oxygen supplementation addressing the importance of increased fluence.
Common Symbols and Abbreviations (2009)

4 reinforcing steel bar ( 4/8 ) #7 No 7 reinforcing steel bar ( 7/8 ) 9d 9 penny nails (d = penny, unit of nail size) A36 Common ASTM steel grade (Min f y = 35 ksi)
Angular Distribution Models for Top-of-Atmosphere Radiative Flux Estimation from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System Instrument on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Satellite. Part II: Validation (2003)

Top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiative fluxes from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) are estimated from empirical angular distribution models (ADMs) that convert instantaneous radiance measurements to TOA fluxes. This paper evaluates the accuracy of CERES TOA fluxes obtained from a new set of ADMs developed for the CERES instrument onboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). The uncertainty in regional monthly mean reflected shortwave (SW) and emitted longwave (LW) TOA fluxes is less than 0.5 W m 2 , based on comparisons with TOA fluxes evaluated by direct integration of the measured radiances. When stratified by viewing geometry, TOA fluxes from different angles are consistent to within 2% in the SW and 0.7% (or 2 W m 2 ) in the LW. In contrast, TOA fluxes based on ADMs from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) applied to the same CERES radiance measurements show a 10% relative increase with viewing zenith angle in the SW and a 3.5% (9 W m 2 ) decrease with viewing zenith angle in the LW. Based on multiangle CERES radiance measurements, 1 regional instantaneous TOA flux errors from the new CERES ADMs are estimated to be 10 W m 2 in the SW and 3.5 W m 2 in the LW. The errors show little or no dependence on cloud phase, cloud optical depth, and cloud infrared emissivity. An analysis of cloud radiative forcing (CRF) sensitivity to differences between ERBE and CERES TRMM ADMs, scene identification, and directional models of albedo as a function of solar zenith angle shows that ADM and clear-sky scene identification differences can lead to an 8 W m 2 root-mean-square (rms) difference in 1 daily mean SW CRF and a 4 W m 2 rms difference in LW CRF. In contrast, monthly mean SW and LW CRF differences reach 3 W m 2 . CRF is found to be relatively insensitive to differences between the ERBE and CERES TRMM directional models.
Supplementary Figure 5 from <i>PTEN</i> Deletion in Prostate Cancer Cells Does Not Associate with Loss of RAD51 Function: Implications for Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 185K&lt;/p&gt;
Covert Communication and Secure Transmission Over Untrusted Relaying Networks in the Presence of Multiple Wardens (2020)

In this paper, we address the problem of joint covert communication and secure transmission in untrusted relaying networks when multiple wardens exist in the network. We first consider a system model consisting of one source, one untrusted amplify-and-forward relay, one destination, and one warden. For covert communications, our aim is to prevent the warden from detecting the presence of communications via the source-relay-destination link. For secure transmission, our aim is to prevent the untrusted relay from decoding the source signal. To satisfy these requirements, we propose that the destination and the source inject jamming signals during the source-to-relay and relay-to-destination transmission phases, respectively. For the considered system model, we propose a power allocation strategy to maximize the secrecy rate and satisfy the covert requirements in both of the phases. Given that the proposed optimization problem is non-convex, we employ the successive convex approximation (SCA) approach to derive a tractable solution. To obtain further insights, we generalize our analytical results to consider multiple untrusted relays and multiple wardens. We focus on two scenarios of non-colluding and colluding wardens. Our results highlight that as the number of relays increases, the achievable secrecy rate increases while the average detection error probability decreases. This is a novel observation of a fundamental trade-off between covert requirement and secrecy performance.
A realization method for an ARMA lattice filter with reduced number of coefficients (1994)

Abstract This paper proposes realization methods of two kinds of low sensitivity ARMA lattice filters which can perform frequency‐weighting model identification with input estimation and low sensitivity of their filters. Using the proposed realization method, the filter with the fewer coefficients than the previous filter can be obtained. Since the calculation costs for the realization of the filter are reduced, the proposed realization methods are significant. Furthermore, assuming that the ARMA lattice filters have low sensitivity, however, this paper shows that the proposed ARMA lattice filters have low sensitivity by simulations, which is important for practical implementation of filters.
Bis(3-hydroxyphenyl)alkane compounds (1978)

Six title compds. I (R = C1-6 alkyl, R1 = H, Me), useful in treating mammary tumors, were prepd. from 3-MeOC6H4CHO and alkylmagnesium halides. Thus, Grignard reaction of MeI with 3-MeOC6H4CHO gave 85.4% 3-MeOC6H4CH(OH)Me which was treated with HCl to give 73.3% 3-MeOC6H4CHClMe. Grignard reaction of this with EtBr gave 17.9% (3-MeOC6H4CHMe)2, ether cleavage of which with MeMgI or pyridine-HCl gave 77.0 or 92.0% I (R =Me, R1 = OH), resp. Mammary tumor-inhibiting, uterotropic, and antiuterotropic activities of I were tabulated.
Laboratory Experiments on Rotation of Micron Size Cosmic Dust Grains with Radiation (2004)

The processes and mechanisms involved in the rotation and alignment of interstellar dust grains have been of great interest in astrophysics ever since the surprising discovery of the polarization of starlight more than half a century ago. Numerous theories, detailed mathematical models and numerical studies of grain rotation and alignment along the Galactic magnetic field have been presented in the literature. In particular, the subject of grain rotation and alignment by radiative torques has been shown to be of particular interest in recent years. However, despite many investigations, a satisfactory theoretical understanding of the processes involved in grain rotation and alignment has not been achieved. As there appears to be no experimental data available on this subject, we have carried out some unique experiments to illuminate the processes involved in rotation of dust grains in the interstellar medium. In this paper we present the results of some preliminary laboratory experiments on the rotation of individual micron/submicron size nonspherical dust grains levitated in an electrodynamic balance evacuated to pressures of approx. 10(exp -3) to 10(exp -5) torr. The particles are illuminated by laser light at 5320 A, and the grain rotation rates are obtained by analyzing the low frequency (approx. 0-100 kHz) signal of the scattered light detected by a photodiode detector. The rotation rates are compared with simple theoretical models to retrieve some basic rotational parameters. The results are examined in the light of the current theories of alignment.
Supplementary Tables 1-6 from Histone Lysine Methyltransferase SETD8 Promotes Carcinogenesis by Deregulating PCNA Expression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 69K, Table S1. Primer sequences for quantitative RT-PCR. Table S2. siRNA sequences. Table S3. Sequences of oligonucleotides for Okazaki fragment maturation assay. Table S4. Statistical analysis of SETD8 expression levels in clinical bladder tissues. Table S5. Gene expression profile of SETD8 in cancer tissues analyzed by cDNA microarray. Table S6. Correlation of SETD8 and PCNA expressions at the protein level.&lt;/p&gt;
ANÁLISE FAUNÍSTICA DE ESPÉCIES DE MOSCA-DAS-FRUTAS (DIP., TEPHRITIDAE) EM MINAS GERAIS (1998)

Em seis locais de quatro municípios (Janaúba, Jaíba, Nova Porteirinha e Itacarambí) do norte do Estado de Minas Gerais, foram coletados 29.454 espécimes de mosca-das-frutas, pertencentes a Ceratitis capitata e a 20 espécies de Anastrepha. O levantamento foi feito entre janeiro de 94 e dezembro de 96, utilizando armadilhas plásticas tipo McPhail. Ceratitis capitata foi a espécie predominante em áreas urbanas. As espécies de Anastrepha predominaram em áreas rurais. A. obliqua, A. zenildae e Anastrepha n. sp.3 foram as espécies predominantes do gênero, entretanto, essa predominância variou de local para local em função da disponibilidade de hospedeiros. As comunidades apresentaram índices de diversidade baixos e quocientes de similaridade entre 73 e 100%.