gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immuno-Thrombotic Complications of COVID-19: Implications for Timing of Surgery and Anticoagulation (2022)

Early in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, global governing bodies prioritized transmissibility-based precautions and hospital capacity as the foundation for delay of elective procedures. As elective surgical volumes increased, convalescent COVID-19 patients faced increased postoperative morbidity and mortality and clinicians had limited evidence for stratifying individual risk in this population. Clear evidence now demonstrates that those recovering from COVID-19 have increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. These data-in conjunction with the recent American Society of Anesthesiologists guidelines-offer the evidence necessary to expand the early pandemic guidelines and guide the surgeon's preoperative risk assessment. Here, we argue elective surgeries should still be delayed on a personalized basis to maximize postoperative outcomes. We outline a framework for stratifying the individual COVID-19 patient's fitness for surgery based on the symptoms and severity of acute or convalescent COVID-19 illness, coagulopathy assessment, and acuity of the surgical procedure. Although the most common manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is COVID-19 pneumonitis, every system in the body is potentially afflicted by an endotheliitis. This endothelial derangement most often manifests as a hypercoagulable state on admission with associated occult and symptomatic venous and arterial thromboembolisms. The delicate balance between hyper and hypocoagulable states is defined by the local immune-thrombotic crosstalk that results commonly in a hemostatic derangement known as fibrinolytic shutdown. In tandem, the hemostatic derangements that occur during acute COVID-19 infection affect not only the timing of surgical procedures, but also the incidence of postoperative hemostatic complications related to COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC). Traditional methods of thromboprophylaxis and treatment of thromboses after surgery require a tailored approach guided by an understanding of the pathophysiologic underpinnings of the COVID-19 patient. Likewise, a prolonged period of risk for developing hemostatic complications following hospitalization due to COVID-19 has resulted in guidelines from differing societies that recommend varying periods of delay following SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, we propose the perioperative, personalized assessment of COVID-19 patients' CAC using viscoelastic hemostatic assays and fluorescent microclot analysis.
Molecular Dynamics Study of the Electrical Double Layer at Silver Chloride−Electrolyte Interfaces (2010)

Molecular dynamics simulations of the electrical double layer at AgCl−aqueous electrolyte (KCl) interfaces are presented, accompanied by a new force field and properties of bulk AgCl computed using planewave density functional theory. Long dynamics simulations were performed to estimate ion adsorption free energies at the AgCl surface. The simulations demonstrate the formation of a bilayer hydration sheet composed of two sublayers of water molecules interconnected by hydrogen bonds. Potassium ions prefer to form an inner-sphere complex, whereas chloride ions prefer outer-sphere complexes. The adsorbed ion−water layers form a relatively rigid structure within the range of ionic strength considered, which confirms the applicability of the Helmholtz model in a high concentration regime. Profiles of the charge density, electric field, and electrostatic potential across the simulation cell revealed that oscillations of water molecules govern these quantities. The electrostatic potential generated only by the electrolyte ions was used to study the quasi-Nernstian response of the silver chloride surface to the variation in the ionic strength.
Royal Jelly Reduces the Serum Glucose Levels in Healthy Subjects (2009)

Earlier biological investigations have shown that royal jelly has insulin-like activity. However, there have so far been no clinical trials to support these findings. The objective of the present study was to study the effect of royal jelly ingestion on the glucose metabolism of healthy humans. Twenty volunteers underwent the standardized oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and afterwards a second OGTT after ingestion of 20 g of royal jelly. Serum glucose levels after 2 hours and the area under the curve for glucose were significantly lower (P = .041) after royal jelly administration. Substances originating from the pharyngeal glands of the honey bee with insulin-like activity are likely to have caused this effect and may thus be, at least partially, responsible for the lowering impact of honey on blood glucose levels. The identification of the substances that seem to act even after passage through the human stomach could lead to the development of new concepts in diabetology.
Human ATP1AL1 gene encodes a ouabain-sensitive H-K-ATPase (1995)

The cDNA for ATP1AL1, the fifth member of the human Na-K-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase)/H-K-ATPase gene family, was recently cloned (A. V. Grishin, V. E. Sverdlov, M. B. Kostina, and N. N. Modyanov. FEBS Lett. 349: 144-150, 1994). The encoded protein (ATP1AL1) has all the primary structural features common to the catalytic alpha-subunit of ion-transporting P-type ATPases and is similar (63-64% identity) to the Na-K-ATPase alpha-subunit isoforms and the gastric H-K-ATPase alpha-subunit. In this study, ATP1AL1 was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes in combination with the beta-subunit of rabbit gastric H-K-ATPase. The functional properties of the stable alpha/beta-complex were studied by 86Rb+ uptake and demonstrated that ATP1AL1 is a novel human K(+)-dependent ATPase [apparent half-constant activation/(K1/2) for K+ approximately 375 microM)]. ATP1AL1-mediated inward K+ transport was inhibited by ouabain (inhibition constant approximately 13 microM) and was found to be inhibited by high concentrations of SCH-28080 (approximately 70% at 500 microM). ATP1AL1 expression resulted in the alkalinization of the oocytes' cytoplasm and ouabain-sensitive proton extrusion, as measured with pH-sensitive microelectrodes. These data argue that ATP1AL1 is the catalytic alpha-subunit of a human nongastric P-type ATPase capable of exchanging extracellular potassium for intracellular protons.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐BENZOPYRYLIUM SALTS. 25. REACTION OF 2‐BENZOPYRYLIUM SALTS WITH SOME NUCLEOPHILES (1982)

Abstract Die Benzopyryliumsalze (I) reagieren mit Anilin oder Methyll amin (II) bzw. Ethylendiamin (IV) unter Bildung von Isochinoliniumsalzen (III) bzw. (V), während mit sekundären Aminen (VII) eine Recyclisierung zu β‐Naphthylamin‐ Derivaten (VIII) stattfindet.
Reflection and transmission of plane waves through isotropic-pseudochiral interfaces (2002)

The transmission and reflection properties of a plane isotropic-pseudochiral interface under excitation of plane waves is considered. The development of the solution is obtained by using the conventional boundary conditions in the transverse plane of the structure with respect to the normal axis of the interface plane. Several interesting characteristics of the reflected and transmitted plane waves have been obtained depending on the constitutive parameters and the pseudochirality admittance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Abstract LB-113: MAPK pathway suppression unmasks latent DNA repair defects and confers a chemical synthetic vulnerability inBRAF,NRASandNF1-mutant melanomas (2019)

Abstract While the majority of BRAF-mutant melanomas respond to BRAF/MEK inhibitors, these agents are not typically curative. Moreover, they are largely ineffective in NRAS and NF1-mutant tumors. Here we report that genetic and chemical suppression of HDAC3 potently cooperates with MAPK pathway inhibitors in all three Ras pathway-driven tumors. Specifically, we show that entinostat dramatically enhances tumor regression when combined with BRAF/MEK inhibitors, both in models that are sensitive or relatively resistant to these agents. Interestingly, MGMT expression predicts responsiveness and marks tumors with latent defects in DNA repair. BRAF/MEK inhibitors enhance these defects by suppressing homologous recombination genes, inducing a BRCA-like state; however, entinostat addition triggers the concomitant suppression of NHEJ genes, resulting in a chemical synthetic lethality caused by excessive DNA damage. Together these studies identify melanomas with latent DNA repair defects, describe a promising drug combination that capitalizes on these defects, and reveal a tractable therapeutic biomarker. Citation Format: Ophélia Maertens, Ryan Kuzmickas, Haley Manchester, Chloe Emerson, Alessandra Gavin, Caroline Guild, Terence Wong, Thomas De Raedt, Christian Bowman-Colin, Elodie Hatchi, Levi Garraway, Keith Flaherty, Shailja Pathania, Stephen Elledge, Karen Cichowski. MAPK pathway suppression unmasks latent DNA repair defects and confers a chemical synthetic vulnerability inBRAF,NRASandNF1-mutant melanomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-113.
Developmental changes in inhibin α and inhibin/activin βA and βB mRNA levels in the gonads during post‐hatch prepubertal development of male and female chickens (2004)

Dimeric inhibins and activins are barely detectable in the plasma during prepubertal development of male and female chickens. This may be misconstrued to indicate that the proteins are not produced in the gonads and have no functional significance during this period. Very few studies have actually determined the mRNA expression profile of the inhibin and activin subunits in the gonads prior to puberty in order to establish their secretion at the local level and postulate potential roles for the inhibin and activins at this developmental stage. In this study, the expression of the mRNA for the alpha-, betaA-, and betaB-subunits was determined in the ovary and testis of chickens during prepubertal development. Gene expression was determined at 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, and 18 weeks of age by RT-PCR. Messenger RNA level was quantified by competitive RT-PCR at 3, 6, 12, and 18 weeks of age in order to detect any changes with development, suggest potential relationship to the profile of dimeric inhibins and activins reported previously and to suggest potential paracrine and endocrine roles for them. The results show that all the inhibin/activin subunit mRNAs are expressed in the testis of the chicken throughout the period of prepubertal development up to 18 weeks of age. However, in the ovary, only the betaA- and betaB-subunits were detected at all ages whereas the alpha-subunit mRNA could only be detected just before puberty. Quantification of the mRNA levels showed variation of each subunit with age. These temporal changes suggest relationship with paracrine functional role in the ovary or the testis. Quantitative changes in expression levels also suggests that there may be some relationship between mRNA levels and the type and amount of dimeric inhibins and activins produced at any developmental stage. There are major differences between the male and female gonads in the timing of the expression of different subunits. In conclusion, the expression of the mRNA subunits in the testis and ovary suggests that inhibins and activins are being produced but may be principally involved in autocrine/paracrine function within the gonads.
Implementing can seaming supervisory control using machine vision (2002)

In this work a machine-vision system for inspection (VSI) is presented whose capabilities are able to detect seaming defects in metal cans for fishing food. Conventional method for quality inspection of seaming for cans, and their main dimensional features, are first shown. Then, the structure and algorithms for VSI are proposed for this application. This VSI is currently mounted over a conveyor belt for online/in-process inspection of metal cans, in order to assure their conformance to the given seaming requirements by detecting malfunctions of closing machines and logistic process failures.
Effect of tunicamycin on the biogenesis of hepatitis C virus glycoproteins. (2010)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects humans, with a prevalence around 3% of population, causing acute and chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We studied the effect of inhibition of glycosylation on the assembly of the HCV particle. HCV possesses two envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2 that are highly modified by N-glycans. These glycan residues are crucial for viral entry and maturation of the progeny. Here, we examined the influence of inhibition of N-glycosylation on expression of E1 and E2. Since the propagation of HCV in cell culture is limited, we used a recombinant baculovirus producing viral-like particles in insect cells. Our data showed that blocking of N-glycan transfer to the nascent polypeptide chain with the antibiotic tunicamycin resulted in the loss of E1 and E2. We also found that a dose of tunicamycin that did not influence the cell viability significantly reduced the E2 level in infected cells. The results indicate that blocking of glycosylation at an early step efficiently reduces the assembly of HCV virions. Thus, we suggest that derivatives of tunicamycin that preferentially block glycosylation of viral proteins may become potential therapeutic agents against HCV.
Auxin-Induced Plasma Membrane Depolarization Is Regulated by Auxin Transport and Not by AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (2019)

Auxin is a molecule, which controls many aspects of plant development through both transcriptional and non-transcriptional signaling responses. AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1) is a putative receptor for rapid non-transcriptional auxin-induced changes in plasma membrane depolarization and endocytosis rates. However, the mechanism of ABP1-mediated signaling is poorly understood. Here we show that membrane depolarization and endocytosis inhibition are ABP1-independent responses and that auxin-induced plasma membrane depolarization is instead dependent on the auxin influx carrier AUX1. AUX1 was itself not involved in the regulation of endocytosis. Auxin-dependent depolarization of the plasma membrane was also modulated by the auxin efflux carrier PIN2. These data establish a new connection between auxin transport and non-transcriptional auxin signaling.
The Stockholm University Strindberg Corpus : Content and Possibilities (2014)

We have approached the works of August Strindberg from  a computational linguistic point of view, resulting in The Stockholm University Strindberg Corpus, consisting of seven of Strindberg's autobi ...
CiD agonists: Circular DNA-based agonists for the fine-tuning of receptor signaling (2022)

Receptor dimerization geometry plays a significant role in signal transduction induced by growth factors and cytokines. A chemical strategy capable of controlling dimerization geometry provides a means for studying receptor activation mechanisms and designing novel agonists transducing fine-tuned receptor signaling. However, a generalized approach that can be applied to given receptors is still limited. In the present study, we propose a strategy using CiD agonists (circular DNA aptamer-based agonists), where circularized DNA is used as a rigid scaffold to present two receptor-binding aptamers from the duplex linker domain in a fixed distance and orientation. We targeted Met, a receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and designed Met-binding CiD agonists with variable linker length. The designed CiD agonists demonstrated a distinctive periodic change in the receptor activation potential dependent on their linker length. This strategy represents a useful approach for the rational design of partial agonists that transduce fine-tuned receptor signaling and exert moderate biological activity.
Polymer Electron Acceptors Based on Iso‐Naphthalene Diimide Unit with High LUMO Levels (2017)

The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level ( E LUMO ) is a key parameter for polymer electron acceptors of all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs). The state‐of‐the‐art polymer electron acceptors based on 1,4,5,8‐naphthalenediimide (NDI) unit suffer from low‐lying E LUMO , which leads to low open‐circuit voltage ( V OC ) of all‐PSCs. In this manuscript, the authors use 1,2,5,6‐naphthalenediimide (iso‐NDI) unit to develop a series of polymer electron acceptors with high‐lying E LUMO . Their thermal, optical, electrochemical, and charge transporting properties are systematically investigated and their applications in all‐PSCs are explored. The polymer based on iso‐NDI unit and bithiophene unit exhibits the E LUMO of −3.50 eV, which is higher than that of the corresponding polymer based on NDI unit ( E LUMO = −3.86 eV) by 0.36 eV. As a result, the all‐PSC devices exhibit V OC enhancement by 0.30 V. All‐PSC devices of these polymer electron acceptors with poly(3‐hexylthiophene) as the electron donor show the V OC of 0.90 V and power conversion efficiency of 0.27%. These results indicate that iso‐NDI unit is a promising building block to design polymer electron acceptors for all‐PSCs with high V OC . image
Head and Neck Tumor Hypoxia Imaging by 18F-Fluoroazomycin-arabinoside (18F-FAZA)-PET (2013)

Tumor hypoxia is known to be associated with poor clinical outcome; therefore, patients with hypoxic tumors might benefit from more intensive treatment approaches. This is particularly true for patients with head and neck cancer. Pretreatment assessment of hypoxia in tumors would be desirable, not only to predict prognosis but also to select patients for more aggressive treatment.As an alternative to the invasive polarographic needle electrode method, there is the possibility of using PET with radiopharmaceuticals visualizing hypoxia. Most hypoxia imaging studies on head and cancer have been performed using F-labeled fluoromisonidazole (F-FMISO). A chemically related molecule, F-fluoroazomycin-arabinoside (F-FAZA), seems to have superior kinetic properties and may therefore be the radiopharmaceutical of choice.This minireview summarizes the published literature on animal and human F-FAZA PET studies. Furthermore, future perspectives on how individualized treatment could be applied in patients with hypoxic head and neck tumors are discussed, for instance, the use of hypoxia sensitizers or special intensity-modulated radiation therapy techniques achieving tumor subvolume dose escalation.
Effect of DDGS, Moisture Content, and Screw Speed on Physical Properties of Extrudates in Single‐Screw Extrusion (2008)

ABSTRACT Three isocaloric (3.5 kcal/g) ingredient blends containing 20, 30, and 40% (wb) distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) along with soy flour, corn flour, fish meal, and mineral and vitamin mix, with net protein adjusted to 28% (wb) for all blends, were extruded in a single‐screw laboratory‐scale extruder at screw speeds of 100, 130, and 160 rpm, and 15, 20, and 25% (wb) moisture content. Increasing DDGS content from 20 to 40% resulted in a 37.1, 3.1, and 8.4% decrease in extrudate durability, specific gravity, and porosity, respectively, but a 7.5% increase in bulk density. Increasing screw speed from 100 to 160 rpm resulted in a 20.3 and 8.8% increase in durability and porosity, respectively, but a 12.9% decrease in bulk density. On the other hand, increasing the moisture content from 15 to 25% (wb) resulted in a 28.2% increase in durability, but an 8.3 and 8.5% decrease in specific gravity and porosity, respectively. Furthermore, increasing the screw speed and moisture content of the blends, respectively, resulted in an increase of 29.9 and 16.6% in extruder throughput. The extrudates containing 40% DDGS had 8.7% lower brightness, as well as 20.9 and 16.9% higher redness and yellowness, compared with the extrudates containing only 20% DDGS. Increasing the DDGS content from 20 to 40% resulted in a 52.9 and 51.4% increase in fiber and fat content, respectively, and a 7.2% decrease in nitrogen free extract. As demonstrated in this study, ingredient moisture content and screw speed are critical considerations when producing extrudates with ingredient blends containing DDGS, as they are with any other ingredients.
An investigation of dipeptides containing polar and nonpolar side groups by curie-point pyrolysis tandem mass spectrometry (1992)

Methionyl-leucine, leucyl-methionine, phenylalanyl-leucine, and leucyl-phenylalanine have been analyzed to determine dipeptide fragmentation mechanisms in Curie-point pyrolysis tandem mass spectrometry. Results show that fragmentations of dipeptides follow two general pathways, one involving direct cleavage of the dipeptide and the other involving cyclization of the dipeptide. Unique products and strong changes in relative mass spectral peak intensities arise, depending on constituent amino acid residues and their sequence. Also, the length and nature of the side groups strongly direct fragmentation. From these results, the major peaks in the spectra of eight other dipeptides could be readily explained; this suggests that a significant number of dipeptides follow the same general fragmentation mechanisms.
Method for fabricating a simple low-cost position-sensitive photodetector (1989)

We describe a very simple method for making a low-cost wide-band position-sensitive photodetector (PSD) and preamplifier circuit. The detector is most suitable for experiments where a laser is used to measure the deflection (linear or angular) of some part of the experimental apparatus. The response of the photodetector is exponential for static beam position changes and linear for oscillating position. The static deflection exponential behavior can be linearized with a logarithmic preamplifier circuit. The detector can also be used as a low-cost laser beam intensity monitor with only a few percent beam loss and approximately 100 dB of dynamic range. We have fabricated PSDs and beam-power monitors capable of operating at wavelengths from 0.2 to 1 μm and by a suitable change of components this range should be extendable from 0.1 up to 22 μm.