gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of pH Value of Freeze-Drying Solution on the Chromosome Integrity and Developmental Ability of Mouse Spermatozoa1 (2003)

The nuclei of freeze-dried mouse spermatozoa are able to retain their chromosome integrity and developmental potential. To optimize the conditions of freeze-drying, we examined whether pH values of the freeze-drying solution affect the chromosome integrity and developmental potential of sperm nuclei. The sperm freeze-drying solution we used contained a high concentration (50 mM) of calcium-chelating EGTA. Sperm chromosomes were examined at the metaphase of the first mitosis after injection of freeze-dried spermatozoa into matured oocytes. The developmental potential of sperm nuclei was assessed by examining the development of fetuses in midgestation. The results showed that both sperm chromosomes and sperm developmental potential are maintained better when the freeze-drying solution was slightly alkaline (pH 8.0) rather than near neutral or acidic (pH 7.4-6.0). The data indicated that the chromosome integrity and developmental ability of mouse spermatozoa are affected by the pH value of freeze-drying solution.
Al2O3-P2O5-SiO2 fibers doped with an ultra-high Yb2O3 concentration (2021)

Ultra-highly-Yb-doped silica-based fibers are of great interest for such application as high-repetition rate mode-lock lasers (for reduction of the cavity length) and single frequency lasers (for increase pump absorption in a short, few cm in length, cavity). Another promising application is high-peak power lasers based on pedestal-supported large-mode-area (LMA) highly-Yb-doped fiber [1] . In the last case utilization of core based on aluminophophosilicate (APS) glass doped with nearly equimolar concentration of Al 2 O 3 and P 2 O 5 is highly desirable. The reason is formation of AlPO 4 join which increase solubility of rare-earth elements and have refractive index close to that of pure silica [2] . Reduction of the core refractive index in this case greatly simplify fabrication of the matched Ge-doped pedestal. At the same time maximum possible Yb 2 O 3 concentration in the core of such fiber is highly desirable to get the shortest possible fiber length.
New algebraic constructions of rotated cubic lattice constellations for the Rayleigh fading channel (2004)

We present new algebraic constructions of rotated cubic lattice constellations of prime dimension based on cyclic fields. The resulting constellations have full diversity and can be ranked according to the minimum product distance, a relevant performance parameter for transmission over the Rayleigh fading channel.
Utilization of Provisional Discharge Diagnoses to Enhance Patient Traffic-pattern Studies (1969)

In conjunction with a Patient Origin Study which surveyed all patients discharged from hospitals throughout most of California, a separate feasibility study was conducted in northeastern California to evaluate the effectiveness of utilizing provisional discharge diagnoses recorded by Medical Record Librarians at the time of discharge as an added factor to incorporate into future traffic pattern analyses. This paper reports on a validation study of the diagnosis portion of the study. A 5 per cent sample (156 cases) of the 3,308 patients discharged from the pilot area was selected for chart review. Approximately 10 per cent of the discharge diagnoses showed discrepancies between the original survey results and the validation review, including 3 per cent of moderate or severe differences in interpretation and 1 per cent numerical transposition. On the basis of these figures, it is felt that the use of provisional discharge diagnoses yields useful information of acceptable accuracy.
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based protocol to measure drug accumulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its host cell (2023)

The extent to which a drug accumulates in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and its host cell can affect treatment efficacy. We describe protocols measuring drug accumulation in Mtb, macrophages, and Mtb-infected macrophages. The method leverages drug extraction from the cellular lysate and drug-level quantification by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The general methodology has broad applicability and can quantify drug accumulation in other cell types, while being extended to quantification of drug metabolites formed within the cell under study. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Lavin et al. (2021).<sup>1</sup>.
A Newton Euler Approach to Modeling of a Quad-Rotor Autonomous Airship - Preliminary Results. (2010)

The objective of this paper is to present the preliminary results of a model of a quadrotor airship, taking into account wind effect as well as the varying mass effects, using Newton formulation. Euler angles are used for kinematics. For dynamics, a mathematical description of a dirigible flight must contain the necessary information about aerodynamic, structural and other internal dynamic effects (engine, actuation) that influence the response of the airship to the controls.
Free-form glass reflectors for non-trivial illumination applications with extended sources (2012)

The field of illumination optics has an increasing demand for free-form optics that produce arbitrary light distributions. In various applications an asymmetric, e.g. rectangular illumination can be beneficial, such as street lights, shop lights or architectural lighting. Yet there are only very few construction methods for free-form surfaces, especially using extended sources. One such method utilizes a manifold of conic sections to derive a source-target mapping for a particular source and target distribution. Although it relies on the assumption of a point source it can be adapted to work with real, extended sources. We implemented the algorithm to construct glass reflectors for almost arbitrary light distributions, either prescribed in the near- or far-field. Starting with a point source, an initial surface is optimized in a second process with a feedback loop to produce the desired result with the actual extended source. Our method is quite robust and was used to design for example an asymmetrical street light reflector. It was manufactured at Auer Lighting GmbH out of borosilicate glass. Measured target distributions are in excellent agreement with the simulations. These promising results show that this particular design method can be applied to real world applications. It is a powerful tool whenever a highly optimized reflector for a non-trivial illumination is required.
Changes in the protein composition and size distribution of bovine casein micelles induced by cooling. (1990)

The changes of bovine casein micelles during cold storage were investigated from the standpoint of the size of micells. Large, medium, and small micelles (>50, 50-30, and <30nmin radius) were obtained from skim-milk by differential centrifugation. After the definite-sized micelles were equilibrated at 4C and 37C, they were fractionated by differential centrifugation and gel chromatography. The casein contents of these fractions were measured by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A high quantitative separation of caseins was achieved by this method. The liberation of /i-casein by cooling occurred easily from the larger-sized micelles. A larger amountof ic-casein was liberated from the smaller-sized micelles. The mediummicelle fraction was increased by the supply from large micelles at 4C, and the medium micelles degraded partly to the small micelle fraction and soluble casein. Small micelles degraded partly to soluble casein. The small micelle fraction was not produced from large micelles. The stability of micelles under cooling was related closely to the miceller size.
Use of Conjugated Dienones in Cyclialkylations:  Total Syntheses of Arucadiol, 1,2-Didehydromiltirone, (±)-Hinokione, (±)-Nimbidiol, Sageone, and Miltirone (1997)

Functionalized hydrophenanthrenes can be prepared using a cyclialkylation-based strategy. These annulations are highly dependent on the directing effects of the arene substitutents and on conformational considerations. The utility of this methodology was featured in the syntheses of six diterpenoids.
Experimental design and performance analysis of alumina coatings deposited by a detonation spray process (2000)

The increasing demands for high-quality coatings has made it inevitable that the surface coating industry would put more effort into precisely controlling the coating process. Statistical design of experiments is an effective method for finding the optimum spray parameters to enhance thermal spray coating properties. In the present investigation, an attempt is made to produce high-quality alumina (Al2O3) coatings by optimizing the detonation spray process parameters following a (L16-24) factorial design approach. The process parameters that were varied include the fuel ratio, carrier gas flow rate, frequency of detonations and spray distance. The coating characteristics were quantified with respect to roughness, hardness and porosity. The performance of the coatings was quantitively evaluated using erosion, abrasion and sliding wear testing. Through statistical analysis of the experimental results, performed by the ANOVA method, the significance of each process parameter together with an optimal variable combination was obtained for the desired coating attributes. Confirmation experiments were conducted to verify the optimal spray parameter combination, which clearly showed the possibility of producing high-quality Al2O3 coatings.
A study of the human-robot synchronous control system based on skeletal tracking technology (2013)

The purpose of this study is to develop a new system to synchronously control the simulated robot and humanoid robot based on the skeletal tracking technology. This system is a human-robot interaction system. Human can control the robot through the skeletal tracking technology without placing any marker on the subject's body. We use the Microsoft Kinect to get the skeleton framework information of the subject and input the data into the program. Therefore, the experiment has no demand on color to distinguish the subject's motions, and the subject can just perform in the front of the Kinect without wearing any control device. After processing the data, the computer controls the simulated robot to regenerate the subject's motions synchronously. In this study, we can control the simulated robot to do three different exercises. To verify the validity of the control system, we did a series of experiments to control a humanoid robot NAO. The experimental results show that the synchronous control system can distinguish the movements of human upper limb efficiently, and the cost is lower than that of the previous studies. This system controls both robot model and humanoid robot NAO based on human motion to achieve the human-machine interaction efficiently and the success rate is more than 90%.
NITROGEN STARVATION INDUCES THE ACCUMULATION OF ARACHIDONIC ACID IN THE FRESHWATER GREEN ALGA PARIETOCHLORIS INCISA (TREBUXIOPHYCEAE)1 (2002)

The Chlorophyte Parietochloris incisa comb. nov (Trebuxiophyceae) was found to be the richest plant source of the pharmaceutically valuable long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), arachidonic acid (20:4ω6, AA). Over 90% of total AA are deposited in triacylglycerols (TAG). Under nitrogen starvation, the fatty acid content constituted over 35% of dry weight and the proportion of AA exceeded 60% of total fatty acids. Consequently, we obtained an AA content of over 20%. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest reported content of any PUFA in algae. Increasing the biomass concentration resulted in an enhancement of both the proportion of AA and the fatty acid content. We hypothesize that one of the roles of TAG in P . incisa is to serve as a reservoir of AA that can be used for the construction of membranal lipids.
P‐200L: Late‐News Poster : Louver Screens as Multi‐Functional Information Displays (2009)

Abstract Louver‐type displays are a novel application for a variety of display technologies. Their form factor and their appearance can be quickly changed by rotating or moving the louver segments. In rooms, this type of display may be placed in the location of a door or window. Other applications such as in advertisement are envisioned.
3D zig-zag nanogaps based on nanoskiving for plasmonic nanofocusing (2019)

We combine anisotropic wet etching and nanoskiving to create a novel three-dimensional (3D) nanoantenna for plasmonic nanofocusing, vertically aligned zig-zag nanogaps, constituted of nanogaps with defined angles. Instead of conventional lithography, we used the thickness of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) to define nanogaps with high throughput, and anisotropic etching of Si V-grooves to naturally define ultra-sharp tips. Both nanogaps and sharp tips can synergistically squeeze the electro-magnetic (EM) field and excite 3D nanofocusing, enabling great potential applications in chemical sensing and plasmonic devices. The dependence of the EM field enhancement on structural features is systematically investigated and optimized. We found that the field enhancement and confinement are stronger at the tipped-nanogap compared to what standalone tips or nanogaps produce. The intensity of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) recorded on the 70.5° tipped-nanogaps is 45 times higher than that recorded with linear nanogaps and 5 times higher than that recorded with tip-only nanowires, which is attributed to the integration of the tip and gap in plasmonic nanostructures. This proposed nanofabrication technique and the resulting structures equipped with a strongly enhanced EM field will promote broad applications for nanophotonics and surface-enhanced spectroscopy.
Longitudinal analysis of T-cell receptor repertoires reveals persistence of antigen-driven CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell clusters in Systemic Sclerosis (2020)

Abstract The T-cell receptor (TCR) is a highly polymorphic surface receptor that allows T-cells to recognize antigenic peptides presented on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Changes in the TCR repertoire have been observed in several autoimmune conditions, and these changes are suggested to predispose autoimmunity. Multiple lines of evidence have implied an important role for T-cells in the pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), a complex autoimmune disease. One of the major questions regarding the roles of T-cells is whether expansion and activation of T-cells observed in the diseases pathogenesis is (auto)antigen driven. To investigate the temporal TCR repertoire dynamics in SSc, we performed high-throughput sequencing of CD4+ and CD8+ TCRβ chains on longitudinal samples obtained from four SSc patients collected over a minimum of two years. Repertoire overlap analysis revealed that samples taken from the same individual over time shared a high number of TCRβ sequences, indicating a clear temporal persistence of the TCRβ repertoire in CD4+ as well as CD8+ T-cells. Moreover, the TCRβs that were found with a high frequency at one time point were also found with a high frequency at the other time points (even after almost four years), showing that frequencies of dominant TCRβs are largely consistent over time. We also show that TCRβ generation probability and observed TCR frequency are not related in SSc samples, showing that clonal expansion and persistence of TCRβs is caused by antigenic selection rather than convergent recombination. Moreover, we demonstrate that TCRβ diversity is lower in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells from SSc patients compared to healthy memory T-cells, as SSc TCRβ repertoires are largely dominated by clonally expanded persistent TCRβ sequences. Lastly, using “Grouping of Lymphocyte Interactions by Paratope Hotspots” (GLIPH2), we identify clusters of TCRβ sequences with homologous sequences that potentially recognize the same antigens and contain TCRβs that are persist in SSc patients. In conclusion, our results show that that CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells are highly persistent in SSc patients over time, and this persistence is likely a result from antigenic selection. Moreover, persistent TCRs form high similarity clusters with other (non-)persistent sequences, that potentially recognize the same epitopes. These data provide evidence for an (auto-)antigen driven expansion of CD4/CD8+ T-cells in SSc.
Sparse Linear Integration of Content and Context Modalities for Semantic Concept Retrieval (2014)

The semantic gap between low-level visual features and high-level semantics is a well-known challenge in content-based multimedia information retrieval. With the rapid popularization of social media, which allows users to assign tags to describe images and videos, attention is naturally drawn to take advantage of these metadata in order to bridge the semantic gap. This paper proposes a sparse linear integration (SLI) model that focuses on integrating visual content and its associated metadata, which are referred to as the content and the context modalities, respectively, for semantic concept retrieval. An optimization problem is formulated to approximate an instance using a sparse linear combination of other instances and minimize the difference between them. The prediction score of a concept for a test instance measures how well it can be reconstructed by the positive instances of that concept. Two benchmark image data sets and their associated tags are used to evaluate the SLI model. Experimental results show promising performance by comparing with the approaches based on a single modality and approaches based on popular fusion methods.
Data file S2 from Targeting STAT5 Signaling Overcomes Resistance to IDH Inhibitors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia through Suppression of Stemness (2023)

&lt;p&gt;CRISPR screen results&lt;/p&gt;
LDAP Injection Techniques (2009)

The increase in the number of databases accessed only by some applications has made code injection attacks an important threat to almost any current system. If one of these applications accepts inputs from a client and executes these inputs without first validating them, the attackers are free to execute their own queries and therefore, to extract, modify or delete the content of the database associated to the application. In this paper a deep analysis of the LDAP injection techniques is presented. Furthermore, a clear distinction between classic and blind injection techniques is made.
Pharmacokinetics of iron isomaltoside 1000 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (2012)

At the administered doses, iron isomaltoside 1000 showed first-order PK, and did not raise safety concerns in patients with IBD. The PK parameters for IBI were close to those of TI.
Near-Infrared Photo- and Electroluminescence of Alkoxy-Substituted Poly(p-phenylene) and Nonconjugated Polymer/Lanthanide Tetraphenylporphyrin Blends (2004)

The photoluminescent and electroluminescent properties of near-infrared (near-IR) emitting lanthanide monoporphyrinate complexes, Ln(TPP)L (L = hydridotris(1-pyrazolyl)borate (Tp) or (cyclopentadienyl)tris(diethylphosphinito)cobaltate(I) L(OEt)) blended into conjugated and nonconjugated polymer hosts were characterized. A blue-emitting alkoxy-substituted poly(p-phenylene) (PPP-OR11) was used as the conjugated polymer host and nonconjugated hosts included polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(n-butyl methacrylate), and poly(bisphenol A-carbonate). Complete quenching of the PPP-OR11 host fluorescence (i.e., > 95%) is observed at 5 mol % of Ln(TPP)Tp, and host quenching is accompanied by sensitization of near-IR emission from the lanthanide complex. The photoluminescence results suggest that energy transfer occurs from PPP-OR11 to Ln(TPP)L, presumably via the Förster mechanism. Near-IR light emitting diodes (PLEDs) consisting of Yb(TPP)Tp blended into PPP-OR11 and the nonconjugated polymer hosts were characterized. PLEDs fabricated with PPP-OR11 exhibited turn-on voltages of approximately 4 V, whereas nonconjugated polymer devices had higher turn-on voltages (ca. 8 V), independent of the polymer used. Comparable external electroluminescence (EL) efficiencies on the order of 10-4 were observed from both the conjugated and nonconjugated polymer host devices. Taken together, the available evidence suggests that the dominant mechanism operating in the EL devices involves the Ln(TPP)L complex as the charge-transport material, the center for electron−hole recombination, and the emitter.
Development of Non-Fluorinated Cathodes Based on Li3V1.95Ni0.05(PO4)3/C with Prolonged Cycle Life: A Comparison among Na-Alginate, Na-Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Poly(acrylic acid) Binders (2017)

Non-fluorinated Li3V1.95Ni0.05(PO4)3/C-based electrodes were prepared by using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate and poly(acrylic acid) as alternative binders of the standard poly(vinylidene difluoride). The effect of the binders was investigated on several aspects, starting from the rheological properties of the dispersions, to the physical-chemical properties of the layers (adhesion test, electrode porosity, surface conductivity). The prepared Li3V1.95Ni0.05(PO4)3/C-based electrodes were characterized as cathodes at different C-rates ranging from 1 C to 200 C in two different potential windows, between 3.0–4.3 and 3.0–4.8 V vs. Li/Li+. The cycle life of the LVNP/C-based electrodes was characterized for each potential window at C-rate as high as 100 C and for 10000 cycles. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electrode microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray measurements were used to study the aged electrodes. Among the electrodes, the one prepared with Na-alginate binder displays the best electrochemical performance, with a specific capacity of 100 and 85 mAh g−1 delivered at 100 C when charged up to 4.3 and 4.8 V vs. Li/Li+, respectively. Moreover, in the same potential windows, it displays an excellent cycling stability over 10000 cycles at 100 C, with a capacity retention of 80% and 65%.
X-Ray Diffraction Residual-Stress Measurement in Failure Analysis (2021)

X-ray diffraction (XRD) residual-stress analysis is an essential tool for failure analysis. This article focuses primarily on what the analyst should know about applying XRD residual-stress measurement techniques to failure analysis. Discussions are extended to the description of ways in which XRD can be applied to the characterization of residual stresses in a component or assembly and to the subsequent evaluation of corrective actions that alter the residual-stress state of a component for the purposes of preventing, minimizing, or eradicating the contribution of residual stress to premature failures. The article presents a practical approach to sample selection and specimen preparation, measurement location selection, and measurement depth selection; measurement validation is outlined as well. A number of case studies and examples are cited. The article also briefly summarizes the theory of XRD analysis and describes advances in equipment capability.