gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Power Allocation Method for DMT-Based DSL Systems Using Geometric Programming (2009)

In this letter, we consider a power allocation problem for digital subscriber line (DSL) systems. The goal of this problem is to minimize the total transmit power under some constraints on minimum data-rate and maximum transmit power for each modem where we take into account various sources of interference. We convert our problem into an auxiliary geometric programming (GP) which gives the optimum solution for transmit powers in a neighborhood of a given feasible point. Then, we use an iterative scheme for obtaining the solution to our original problem by exploiting this auxiliary GP problem. Numerical examples show that the proposed method outperforms the existing schemes.
Integrating Lite-Weight but Ubiquitous Data Mining into GUI Operating Systems (2020)

Most visualization tools introduced in the literature are specialized for a particular task. In this work, we introduce a novel framework which allows visualization to take place in the background of normal day to day operations of any GUI based operating system such as MS Windows, OS X or Linux. Our system works by replacing the standard file icons with automatically generated icons that reflect the contents of the files in a principled way. We call such icons Intelligent Icons. While there is little utility in examining an individual icon, examining groups of them provides a greater possibility of unexpected and serendipitous discoveries. The utility of Intelligent Icons can be further enhanced by arranging them on the screen in a way that reflects their similarity/differences. We demonstrate the utility of our approach on data as diverse as DNA, text files, electrocardiograms, and Space Shuttle telemetry. In addition we show that our system is unique in also supporting fast and intuitive similarity search.
Hierarchical co-occurence relations (2002)

We introduce a method using fuzzy similarity (equivalence) and tolerance (compatibility) relations, that allows the "concentric" extension of searches based on the hierarchical co-occurrence of words and phrases. This is to solve the problem of automatic indexing and retrieval of documents where user queries may not include any words occurring in the documents that should be retrieved. Various methods are proposed and illustrated, with the intention of real application in legal document collections.
Autonomous navigation based on a dynamic world representation (2002)

In this paper we propose a real-time architecture for autonomous mobile robots. We describe the single components of the architecture that are responsible of data acquisition and representation navigation and obstacle avoidance. In particular we focus on the integration of the components in the architecture and on the mechanisms that allow the system to operate in real time. Some experimental results are illustrated.
A Comparison of Approaches to Incident Response in Japan and the United States and an Introduction to the International Standard ISO 22320 (2013)

NTT Secure Platform Laboratories has been researching and developing incident responses for when disasters occur.We introduce the approaches to incident response taken in the United States and compare them with those in Japan.We also introduce the disaster management standard ISO 22320: Societal security--
A highly programmable gain and cutoff frequency multi-channel data acquisition chip (2002)

The design of a generalized programmable data acquisition chip is introduced. The chip has two separate channels, each consisting of a variable gain low-noise preamplifier, a local anti-aliasing filter and a switched-capacitor lowpass filter with programmable cutoff frequency (0.5 Hz to 2 kHz). Experimental results from the 2 /spl mu/m CMOS fabricated chips are in good agreement with the theoretical results.
Potential analysis of roof-mounted solar photovoltaics in Sweden (2020)

A comprehensive analysis framework for roof-mounted solar PV systems is developed.• The estimated roof area for Västerås municipality is 5.74 km 2 .• Different scenarios are considered for the potential installation of PV systems.• The potential capacity is 727-956 MWp and annual yield is 626-801 GWh for Västerås.• 504 km 2 usable roof area and 65-84 GWp installed capacity are estimated for Sweden.
Internal noise and sampling efficiency for motion detection, discrimination and summation (2010)

In an ideal observer framework, human performance is limited by suboptimal sampling efficiency and by additive internal noise. We developed ideal observer models for the detection of drifting gratings, for direction discrimination of oppositely drifting gratings, and for detection of the sum of two oppositely drifting gratings. Human contrast energy thresholds for performing these tasks were measured as a function of the external Gaussian dynamic noise level. We find that the three tasks share a common source of internal noise. The sampling efficiency for discriminating motion direction is much lower than that for the other tasks. One possible explanation of the low efficiency for direction discrimination is that the internal representations of the two drifting gratings are overly similar. An ideal observer cross-correlates the received stimulus with representations of each of the two signals (drifting in opposite directions). If the human observer misrepresents the signals as being highly similar, discrimination performance will be quite inefficient (as we find).
Pontos de vista, reacções, ideias ... (1998)

Neste numero desta revista tematica dedicada a Estatistica e Probabilidades, consideramos pertinente discutir as alteracoes programaticas relativas a Organizacao e Tratamento de Dados (OTD) que as metas de aprendizagem criadas pelo atual Ministerio da Educacao pretendem sobrepor ao Programa de Matematica em vigor no ensino basico. Para tal, solicitamos a entidades de relevo no dominio da educacao matematica que comentassem, de forma breve mas concreta, as propostas das metas de aprendizagem relativas ao tema OTD. Aqui ficam os respetivos testemunhos, datados de Outubro e Novembro de 2012.
Development of a Method for Characterizing Single-Fiber Composite Interphase from Frequency-Domain Characteristics of Ultrasonic Scattered Waves (1999)

A method is proposed to characterize single-fiber composite interphases from the frequency-domain characteristics of scattered ultrasonic waves, and its feasibility is investigated theoretically. It has been shown that the locations and magnitudes of the peaks and valleys in the frequency domain are affected significantly by the interphase properties, which may indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Although the frequency-domain behavior is basically associated with the resonance of the fiber-interphase system, it is not dominantly affected by the scatterer's resonance unlike that in the case of acoustic wave scattering. Therefore, the conventional acoustic resonant scattering theory is not directly applicable to the characterization of composite interphases. In order to solve the inverse problem of predicting the interphase properties from the frequency-domain characteristics of the ultrasonic scattered waves, an artificial neural network has been constructed. This approach has demonstrated reasonable accuracy in most cases considered in this study.
Figure S4 from Distinct Transcriptional Programming Drive Response to MAPK Inhibition in <i>BRAF</i><sup>V600</sup>-Mutant Melanoma Patient-Derived Xenografts (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Gene expression analysis of pre- and on-treatment melanoma PDXs&lt;/p&gt;
Multi-feature combination for speaker recognition (2010)

Combination of different features has been proved to be a good method for improving performance in speech recognition. In speaker recognition (SRE), various features have also been developed to reflect complementary aspects of speaker's characteristics. This paper proposed an effective multi-feature combination in speaker recognition. In order to avoid the “dimensionality disaster” and to delimit the redundant information, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is used to reduce the high dimensionality of combined feature to be lower. Then feature-domain channel compensation is applied to improve the performance. In experiments, we use the popular short-term spectral Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) and novel spectro-temporal time-frequency cepstrum (TFC) to do feature combination followed by LDA and feature-domain latent factor analysis (fLFA) for channel compensation respectively. The experimental results on the NIST SRE2008 short2 telephone-short3 telephone test set show that the proposed multi-feature combination is an effective method to outperform both raw features.
A Wireless Photonic Intraocular Pressure Sensor (2017)

In this paper, we propose analytical and numerical experiments to investigate the feasibility of a wireless photonic sensor for measuring the intraocular pressure (IOP). The sensing element is a polymeric cavity embedded into a thin layer of biocompatible material integrated to a soft contact lens. The sensor concept is based on the morphology dependent resonance (MDR) phenomenon. Changes in the eye pressure perturb the micro-cavity morphology, leading to a shift in the optical modes. The IOP is measured by monitoring the shift of optical resonances. The sensor-light coupling is made through the evanescent field by using an optical prism. Therefore, the sensor can be powered and monitored wirelessly by using frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) of a polymeric dielectric cavity. Usually, micro-optical cavities exhibit a very high quality factor Q; thus, sensors based on MDR phenomenon exhibit high resolution. Therefore, by recording tiny variations of IOP is possible to gain more knowledge about the start, comportment, and evolution of glaucoma disease.
Further advances in gas imaging: Field testing of an extended-range gas imager (1991)

Backscatter absorption gas imaging (BAGI) is a laser gas-sensing technique that allows the real-time video imaging of gas plumes. It is essentially a hybrid between lidar and laser radar (ladar); in that it uses a laser active-imager to produce laser-illuminated video image of specific locations and the absorptive properties of gases to allow gas leaks to be detected and located. This paper presents the results of a test of an extended-range BAGI instrument that uses a 20-W CO{sub 2} laser. As a result of the test, the imager was determined to have a range of 125 m. The range results are compared to the predictions of a basic system performance model. The model is also used to predict the performance of a future imaging system that utilizes a 5X telescope to increase the system optical collection efficiency.
Biaxial integrated optical film for VA mode LCD's made from in‐situ photopolymerised reactive mesogens (2004)

Abstract For high end, large area displays, all current LC modes require some degree of optical compensation to improve the front of screen viewing experience. Currently most optical films are laminated to the outside of the LCD cell, between the glass and polariser. In this paper we wish to show how it is possible to integrate the compensating optical film within a VA mode LCD cell. The paper will describe the process of making the biaxial film through the process of in‐situ photopolymerisation of an aligned film of reactive mesogens in the cholesteric phase using polarised UV light. The film can be made on the colour filter array side of the LCD panel. In addition the process of fabricating a VA mode LCD containing this film will be described and the performance of this module will be presented. Keywords: Biaxial RetarderLCDVA ModeMesogensViewing AnglePhotopolymerisation Notes Members, KIDS LCD R&D center, LCD Business SAMSUNG electronics Co., LTD Merck New Business ‐ Chemicals, Chilworth Science Park, Southampton, UK LC technical Centre, Merck Advanced Technologies Ltd.
Preformulation stability screening of ivermectin with non-ionic emulsion excipients. (1999)

As an important and complementary step during a preformulation study differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to determine the compatibility between ivermectin and commonly used excipients for preparing non-ionic emulsions. Ivermectin was found to exhibit interactions with 21 excipients, while it was compatible with 25 excipients. HPLC showed a significant decrease in drug amount +20%, when substances interacted with invermectin.
Nanoscale Characterization of Gold Colloid Monolayers:  A Comparison of Four Techniques (1997)

Atomic force microscopy (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) have been used to characterize the nanostructure of Au colloid-based surfaces. Because these substrates are composed of particles whose dimensions are known prior to assembly, they are well-suited for a critical comparison of the capabilities and limitations of each nanoscale imaging technique. The three criteria for this comparison, which are relevant to the field of nanoparticle assemblies in general, are (i) accuracy in establishing particle size, particle coverage, and interparticle spacing; (ii) accuracy in delineating surface topography; and (iii) ease of sample preparation, data acquisition, and image analysis. For colloidal Au arrays, TEM gives the most reliable size and spacing information but exhibits the greatest constraints with regard to sample preparation; in contrast, AFM is widely applicable but yields data that are the least straightforward to interpret. For accurate information regarding nanometer-scale architecture of particle-based surfaces, a combination of at least one scanning probe method (AFM, NSOM) and one accelerated-electron method (TEM, FE-SEM) is required.
Road Centerline Extraction From High-Resolution Imagery Based on Shape Features and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (2012)

Road centerline extraction from remotely sensed imagery can be used to update a Geographic Information System (GIS) database. The common road extraction from high-resolution imagery is based on spectral information only; it is difficult to separate road features from background completely, and a thinning algorithm always results in short spurs which reduce the smoothness of the road centerline. To overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of the common existing road centerline algorithms, this letter presents a new method to extract the road centerline from high-resolution imagery based on shape features and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), in which potential road segments were obtained based on shape features and spectral feature, followed by MARS to extract road centerlines. Two experiments are performed to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method.
Nanostructured materials for applications in heterogeneous catalysis (2012)

In this review, a brief survey is offered on the main nanotechnology synthetic approaches available to heterogeneous catalysis, and a few examples are provided of their usefulness for such applications. We start by discussing the use of colloidal, reverse micelle, and dendrimer chemistry in the production of active metal and metal oxide nanoparticles with well-defined sizes, shapes, and compositions, as a way to control the surface atomic ensembles available for selective catalysis. Next we introduce the use of sol-gel and atomic layer deposition chemistry for the production and modification of high-surface-area supports and active phases. Reference is then made to the more complex active sites that can be created or carved on such supports by using organic structure-directing agents. We follow with an examination of the ability to achieve multiple functionality in catalysis via the design of dumbbells, core@shell, and other complex nanostructures. Finally, we consider the mixed molecular-nanostructure approach that can be used to develop more demanding catalytic sites, by derivatizing the surface of solids or tethering or immobilizing homogeneous catalysts or other chemical functionalities. We conclude with a personal and critical perspective on the importance of fully exploiting the synergies between nanotechnology and surface science to optimize the search for new catalysts and catalytic processes.
Optical inspection of ports and harbors: laser-line sensor model applications in 2 and 3 dimensions (2005)

There are 361 ports of interest to the US Coast Guard regarding homeland security issues. Speed and accuracy of inspections there for “foreign objects” is critical to maintaining the flow of commerce through these ports. A fusion of acoustic and optical imaging technologies has been implemented to rapidly locate anomalies acoustically and inspect them optically. Results of field tests are presented. Effective deployment of AUV- or ROV-mounted optical sensors to inspect ship hulls and port facilities will depend on accurate, real-time prediction of the sub-surface optical environment and upon accurate sensor models parameterized for the time and place of inspection. For bi-static laser-line scanner sensors such as the Real-time Ocean Bottom Optical Topographer (ROBOT), ambient light decreases the range to the inspection object (e.g. hull) for which laser-line contrast is adequate for ranging and imaging in 3-D. Reduced range implies narrower swaths and longer inspection times. A 2-D and 3-D hybrid marine optical model (HyMOM) of the environment beneath ships or adjacent to sea walls and pilings has been developed, applied and validated in eutrophic and mesotrophic settings, and a Monte Carlo sensor model of ROBOT has been developed. Both are discussed and combined to evaluate sensor performance in different environments. To provide the inherent optical properties needed to run such models, data from the Autonomous Marine Optical System (AMOS) were collected and transmitted back to the laboratory. Examples of AMOS results and model outputs are presented.
Fixed charge in the cell membrane (1967)

1. Focal electric field was generated by passing a current of 5 x 10(-7) to 1 x 10(-5) A from a micropipette into the culture medium. Movement of cells at a distance of 5-50 mu from the electrode tip was observed. In case of cells embedded in the culture only local deformation of the membrane was observed.2. The cell species explored included neurones, glia, muscle fibres, connective cells, malignant cells and erythrocytes. All cells responded in a similar manner to the electric field, and the current required was in the same range.3. Cells were attracted to a positive micropipette and repelled from a negative one: the only exception was observed in certain malignant cells which moved in the opposite direction.4. Movement and membrane deformation could be obtained with electrodes filled with various concentrated and isotonic solutions. The composition of the culture medium also had no qualitative influence on these effects.5. Metabolic poisons or rupture of the cell membrane had no effect on the movement. Isolated membrane fragments showed movement similar to that of intact cells.6. The possibility of artifacts due to proximity of the focal electrode is considered. It is shown that electro-osmosis cannot account for the present observations. Some other artifacts are also excluded.7. It is proposed that the most satisfactory way to account for the present observations is by a membrane carrying negative fixed charge of the order of 2.5 x 10(3) e.s.u./cm(2). Some physiological consequences of presence of negative charge in the membrane are briefly discussed.
Study of Ion Stripping and Charge Exchange for Heavy Ion Fusion (2005)

To accurately model transport in the heavy ion fusion chamber, it is necessary to know the evolution of beam charge state due to ionization or recombination. At present there is no accurate or complete information for electron loss and capture from these fast, low-charge heavy ions, and the theoretical model in the simulation codes, such as LSP is not accurate enough to describe the processes, especially multi-electron ionizations. Thus, it is very important to explore better theoretical approaches to calculate cross sections of multi-electron losses especially ion stripping, charge exchange for near-term and driver scale HIF research. Based on the investigation of different approaches on the heavy ion-atom collisions, with emphasis on the features related with low-charged heavy ions, especially multi-electron processes and correlation effects, an improved classic trajectory Monte Carlo simulation model will be set up to solve the n-body ion-atom ionization problem in HIF's interest. The calculation results will be benchmarked with the data obtained through finished experiments from the literature as well. Finally, the improved code will be implemented into LSP code as a subroutine to become an integral part of the code. In current stage, a subroutine with a database of typical ionization stripping cross sections and change exchange for low-charge-state, heavy ions mainly in the experimental energy level will be developed for LSP code to serve ongoing experiments and simulations in current heavy ion beam fusion project, which is shown in this paper. More data including for the energy in drive scale can be integrated into the subroutine in the future expecting to be used in HIF and high energy density physics as well
Evaluation of the severity of ulcerative colitis using endoscopic dual red imaging targeting deep vessels (2017)

<b>Background and study aims</b> Colonoscopies can predict long-term prognoses in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Recently, a new imaging technology has been developed that uses 3 types of illumination with center wavelengths of 540 nm, 600 nm, and 630 nm. The use of both the 600-nm and 630-nm lights (Dual red imaging; DRI) is critical for identifying blood vessels in deeper tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of DRI for assessing the severity of inflammation in patients with UC. <b>Patients and methods</b> A total of 43 UC patients were retrospectively enrolled to evaluate the endoscopic severity of 112 colon segments, and Mayo endoscopic scores, DRI scores and the severity of inflammation on a visual analogue scale (VAS) were compared. The Mayo endoscopic scores, DRI scores, and histologic scores were evaluated, and the interobserver agreement on DRI scores among 5 investigators was also assessed. The usefulness of DRI scores for predicting prognoses was also assessed in patients with clinical remission. <b>Results</b> The DRI scores were closely correlated with the VAS for the severity of colonic inflammation (r = 0.96) and the histologic scores (r = 0.72 - 0.8). The DRI scores had a higher rate of interobserver agreement (κ values = 0.63 - 0.88) than the Mayo endoscopic scores (κ values = 0.44 - 0.59). Inter-observer agreement between 4 non-experts was also excellent (mean κ value = 0.76, range 0.63 - 0.82). The expected time until recurrence was significantly longer in patients with lower DRI scores (<i>P</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusion</b> DRI can be used in patients with mild to moderate endoscopic severity because it targets the deep vascular pattern. The prognosis of UC can be predicted by assessing deep vessels using DRI.