gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Meta‐analysis approaches to combine multiple gene set enrichment studies (2017)

In the field of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), meta-analysis has been used to integrate information from multiple studies to present a reliable summarization of the expanding volume of individual biomedical research, as well as improve the power of detecting essential gene sets involved in complex human diseases. However, existing methods, Meta-Analysis for Pathway Enrichment (MAPE), may be subject to power loss because of (1) using gross summary statistics for combining end results from component studies and (2) using enrichment scores whose distributions depend on the set sizes. In this paper, we adapt meta-analysis approaches recently developed for genome-wide association studies, which are based on fixed effect and random effects (RE) models, to integrate multiple GSEA studies. We further develop a mixed strategy via adaptive testing for choosing RE versus FE models to achieve greater statistical efficiency as well as flexibility. In addition, a size-adjusted enrichment score based on a one-sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic is proposed to formally account for varying set sizes when testing multiple gene sets. Our methods tend to have much better performance than the MAPE methods and can be applied to both discrete and continuous phenotypes. Specifically, the performance of the adaptive testing method seems to be the most stable in general situations.
Combining photodynamic therapy and feeder vessel photocoagulation: A pilot study (2001)

Patients receiving photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin (Visudyne, Novartis AG), a new treatment for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pathologic myopia, should be scheduled for follow-up every 12 weeks (+/-2 weeks) after the initial treatment. However, important data from clinical practice and from small series studies suggest that this period between treatment may be too long for some patients. In this pilot study we explore the safety and the possibility of improving the extent and duration of PDT benefit using feeder vessel treatment (FVT). This study suggests that the combination of verteporfin therapy and FVT is a safe procedure; it also suggests a possibility for prolonging the effect of verteporfin therapy.
Modeling of type-II InAs/GaSb superlattices using an empirical tight-binding method and interface engineering (2004)

We report the most recent work on the modeling of type-II InAs/GaSb superlattices using the empirical tight binding method in an ${\mathrm{sp}}^{3}{s}^{*}$ basis. After taking into account the antimony segregation in the InAs layers, the modeling accuracy of the band gap has been improved. Our calculations agree with our experimental results within a certain growth uncertainty. In addition, we introduce the concept of ${\mathrm{Ga}}_{x}{\mathrm{In}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ type interface engineering in order to reduce the lattice mismatch between the superlattice and the GaSb (001) substrate to improve the overall superlattice material quality.
Software design patterns for TinyOS (2005)

We present design patterns used by software components in the TinyOS sensor network operating system. They differ significantly from traditional software design patterns due to the constraints of sensor networks, and to TinyOS's focus on static allocation and whole-program composition. We describe how nesC has evolved to support these design patterns by including a few simple language primitives and optimisations.
Expression of bioactive lysophospholipids and processing enzymes in the vitreous from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (2014)

Our findings suggest that the enzymatic activities of PLA1A and AGK might be responsible for increased synthesis of LPA in PDR and that PLA1A, but not PLA2 is responsible for deacylation of PA to generate LPA. S1PR1 and SPL might regulate inflammatory, angiogenic and fibrogenic responses in PDR.
SILANE COUPLING AGENTS (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSILANE COUPLING AGENTSSamuel. Sterman and James G. MarsdenCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1966, 58, 3, 33–37Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50675a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50675a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3530Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Genetics of sporadic ALS (2001)

The only known gene to be involved in ALS is the CuZn-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) gene. Since 1993, 89 disease-associated mutations have been found in this gene, 14 of them in cases with apparently sporadic ALS. Most frequent are the D90A (most often with recessive inheritance, but a few with dominant inheritance) and the I113T (dominant inheritance with variable penetrance). Statistical and genealogical evidence suggest that quite a number of diagnosed sporadic cases may in fact be familial cases in pedigrees with very low disease penetrance.
TOWARD ZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS: OPTIMIZED FOR ENERGY USE AND COST (2010)

To minimize energy use in a cost effective manner, an online building optimization tool is being developed to help compare distributed generation (DG) alternatives with energy efficiency measures. This tool is meant to provide information about building performance early in the design process for non-technical users. Displaying capital cost above baseline as the independent variable, the tool outputs the net annual energy use and total cost for each case analyzed in the optimization. This allows the user to understand the range of technologies and cost involved along the path from the basecase to a zero net energy building (ZNEB).
The PurdueTracer: An Energy-Efficient Human-Powered Hydraulic Bicycle with Flexible Operation and Software Aids (2018)

Hydrostatic transmissions (HT) are widely applied to heavy-duty mobile applications because of the advantages of layout flexibility, power to weight ratio, and ease of control. Though applications of fluid power in light-duty vehicles face challenges, including the unavailability of off-the-shelf components suitable to the power scale, there are potential advantages for HTs in human-powered vehicles, such as bicycles, the most important one being the energy-saving advantage achievable through regenerative braking in a hybrid HT. This paper describes an innovative design for a hydraulic hybrid bicycle, i.e., the PurdueTracer. The PurdueTracer is an energy-efficient human-powered hydraulic bicycle with flexible operation and software aids. An open-circuit hydraulic hybrid transmission allows PurdueTracer to operate in four modes: Pedaling, Charging, Boost, and Regeneration, to satisfy users’ need for different riding occasions. An aluminum chassis that also functions as a system reservoir was customized for the PurdueTracer to optimize the durability, riding comfort, and space for components. The selection of the hydraulic components was performed by creating a model of the bicycle in AMESim simulation software and conducting a numerical optimization based on the model. The electronic system equipped users with informative feedback showing the bicycle performance, intuitive execution of functions, and comprehensive guidance for operation. This paper describes the design approach and the main results of the PurdueTracer, which also won the 2017 National Fluid Power Association Fluid Power Vehicle Challenge. This championship serves to prove the excellence of this vehicle in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, durability, and novelty.
Contact Angle Measurement (2015)

The Contact angle, where a liquid/vapor interface meets a solid surface[wiki], has been widely used to measure the wettability of a surface in physics and chemistry. Scientists place a drop on a surface of interest, take an image of the drop in profile, and measure the angle the drop makes with the surface. We have developed a Contact Angle Measurement plugin for the ImageJ image analysis framework, which provides researchers a easier way to access experiment data. The major goal of our algorithm is to automatically detect drops and surfaces via image analysis, so that we can calculate the contact angle. Firstly, we filter the image by detecting edges and randomly sample a collection of three points on edges to get a collection of circles (note that three points define a circle)which could potentially fit the drop; then we apply various mathematical analyses to adjust the radius and position of the circle to gain a better fit. After the circle detection, we apply linear regression analysis to determine where the surface is. This approach turns out to be very reliable when the input drop region chosen by users is fairly small.
Reconstruction of extended current sources in a human body phantom applying biomagnetic measuring techniques (2000)

We have prepared a human body phantom for experimental verification of inverse solution techniques which are applied to magnetic (and electric) measuring data. Physical models of extended primary current sources were used to generate these fields. Magnetic field maps closed to the phantom surface were recorded by means of multi-channel biomagnetic measuring systems. Different deterministic optimization techniques were applied to both measured and simulated data to reconstruct the impressed current density distribution. We have found that all common used minimum norm methods (L/sub p/-norms, 1/spl les/p/spl les/2) cannot reconstruct the extension of current source distributions satisfactorily. The physical phantom was found to be a suitable tool for validation of source reconstruction techniques.
Regulated processing of hepatitis C virus core protein is linked to subcellular localization (1997)

Posttranslational processing and subcellular localization of the HCV core protein are critical steps involved in the assembly of hepatitis C virus (HCV). In this study, both of these events were investigated by in vitro translation and transient COS-1 cell transfection of core protein expression constructs. Mutations at amino acid residues 173 to 174 and 191 to 192 disrupted processing events at the two putative cleavage sites in the C-terminal hydrophobic region of the core protein, indicating that these residues are implicated in the pathway of core protein maturation. As a result, two forms of core protein, C173 and C191, were detected by immunoblotting. Indirect immunofluorescence experiments showed that core proteins C173 and C191, when produced from HCV full-length protein or various polyprotein precursors, displayed a cytoplasmic localization. The C173 species, however, was translocated to the nucleus when expressed in the absence of C191. These findings indicate that preferential cleavage may occur during core protein maturation and that the association of the C191 with the C173 species may contribute to the distinct subcellular distribution of core protein. This may provide a possible mechanism for the control of the diverse biological functions of core protein during HCV replication and assembly.
10.2: Wide Gamut, High Brightness Multiple Primaries Single Panel Projection Displays (2003)

Abstract The color gamut of RGB primaries displays can be increased by using more saturated primaries, with the penalty of a corresponding significant decrease in brightness. We present a multiple primaries technology that enables substantial increase in both the color gamut and brightness of projection displays and describes results of prototype projection systems using the technology.
SCH 51344 inhibits ras transformation by a novel mechanism. (1995)

A pyrazolo-quinoline compound, 6-methoxy-4-[2-[(2-hydroxyethoxyl)-ethyl]amino]-3-methyl-1M-pyrazo lo [3,4-b]quinoline (SCH 51344), was identified based on its ability to derepress human smooth muscle alpha-actin promoter activity in ras-transformed cells. In this study, we show that SCH 51344 reverts several key aspects of ras transformation, such as morphological changes, actin filament organization, and anchorage-independent growth, and also inhibits Val-12 Ras-induced maturation of Xenopus oocytes. SCH 51344 is also a potent inhibitor of the anchorage-independent growth of human tumor lines known to contain multiple genetic alterations in addition to activated ras genes. We have sought to determine whether SCH 51344 disrupts the signaling pathway that activates mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in normal and ras-transformed fibroblast cells. NIH 3T3 cells transformed by different oncogenes, which have products that participate at different steps of the Ras signaling pathway, were tested in a soft-agar colony formation assay to determine which step of the pathway is inhibited by SCH 51344. Our results indicate that SCH 51344 inhibits the ability of v-abl, v-mos, H-ras, v-raf, and mutant active MAP kinase kinase-transformed NIH 3T3 cells to grow in soft agar. Only v-fos-transformed cells were found to be resistant to the treatment of SCH 51344. SCH 51344 treatment had very little effect, if any, on the activation of MAP kinase kinase, MAP kinase, and p90RSK activity in response to growth factor stimulation. Treatment of ras-transformed cells with SCH 51344 led to stimulation of serum response factor DNA binding activity and activation of serum response element-dependent gene transcription, accounting for its ability to activate alpha-actin promoter activity in ras-transformed cells. Our results indicate that SCH 51344 inhibits ras transformation by a novel mechanism and acts at a point either downstream or parallel to extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent Ras signaling pathway.
3D-CE5.h: Reducing the coding cost of merge index by dynamic merge index re-allocation (2012)

HEVC implements a candidate vector list for merge and skip modes. When merge or skip modes are selected, a merge index is written in the bitstream. This index is first binarized using a unary code, then CABAC encoded. A CABAC context is dedicated to the first bin of the unary coded index while the remaining bins are considered as equiprobable. This strategy is efficient as long as the candidate list is constructed such as being ordered by decreasing index occurrence probability. In the context of 3D video encoding, an inter-view motion vector predictor is added at the first position of the candidate list. It is reported in this document that the inter-view motion vector predictor is not always the most probable candidate. It actually depends on the video sequence characteristics. Therefore, a dynamic candidate vector list ordering is proposed. Coding gains of 0.4 % on average are observed on side views and up to 1.0% is attained for the Ghost Town Fly sequence for both side views.
Automatically profiling the author of an anonymous text (2009)

research-article Automatically profiling the author of an anonymous text Authors: Shlomo Argamon Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Institute of TechnologyView Profile , Moshe Koppel Bar-Lian University Bar-Lian UniversityView Profile , James W. Pennebaker University of Texas, Austin University of Texas, AustinView Profile , Jonathan Schler Peer 39 Peer 39View Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 52Issue 201 February 2009pp 119–123https://doi.org/10.1145/1461928.1461959Published:01 February 2009Publication History 202citation2,873DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations202Total Downloads2,873Last 12 Months232Last 6 weeks34 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Functional properties and proximate composition of cactus pear cladodes flours Propriedades funcionais e composição centesimal de farinhas dos cladódios de palma forrageira (2011)

The objective of this research was to study the functional properties and proximate composition of three different flours prepared from cactus pear cladodes. Immature cactus pear cladodes were dried at 60 °C, 70 °C and 80 °C. The flours were analyzed for chemical composition, amino acid profile, fatty acid composition, functional properties and color. The analyses showed no significant differences in crude protein, total lipid, crude fiber and total ash content in the flours, possibly due to the drying temperature effect. Nevertheless, during the drying at 80 °C, a reduction of the water holding capacity (55%) was observed, along with a reduction of the green color intensity (34%) - characteristic of cactus pear. The heating produced larger concentrations of tyrosine, proline, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid. In the lipids of the flours, the most abundant fatty acids were palmitic acid (C16:0), linoleic acid (C18:2n6), linolenic acid (C18:3n3), and oleic acid (C18:1n9). The cladodes flours prepared at 60 °C presented a higher quality regarding their nutritional and functional properties.
Long-term changes in left atrial function in responders and non-responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy (2013)

Background: While the effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on left ventricular (LV) remodeling and function have been widely investigated, relatively few data are available on long-term effects on left atrial (LA) function. Purpose: In heart failure patients treated by CRT, we used speckle tracking strain echocardiography to prospectively evaluate long-term changes in LA function, together with LV reverse remodeling and function. Methods: Thirty CRT patients (62±11 yr, 63% men, 77% non ischemic) with sinus rhythm were assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography before implant and after 12 months. On both occasions, LA area and strain, LV volumes, ejection fraction (LVEF), global longitudinal strain (GLS), mitral regurgitation (MR), and diastolic variables were evaluated. Longitudinal LA strain was calculated from the apical four-chamber view for the entire and regional LA. CRT response was defined as a decrease ≥15% in LV end-systolic volume. Results: In the entire study population, no significant differences in LA area and global LA strain (11.40±4.48 vs. 13.37±7.73%, p=0.07) were observed between baseline and 12-month follow-up. MR degree and diastolic variables were unchanged. LVEF increased from 28±7 to 38±12% (p<0.001), and GLS improved from -7.26±3.05 to -10.01±4.78% (p<0.001). Eighteen patients (60%) were identified as CRT responders. In CRT responders, there was a long-term improvement in LA area (26.6±7.5 vs. 23.1±8.0 cm2, p=0.002) and in regional and global LA strain (11.37±6.45 vs. 16.49±7.90%, p<0.001). This was associated with a decrease in MR degree (p=0.002), E/A ratio (p=0.02), and systolic pressure gradient between right ventricle and right atrium (p=0.05). LVEF improved from 27±7 to 45±8% (p<0.001), and GLS from -7.24±2.92 to -12.11±4.72% (p<0.001). In non-responders, a long-term increase in LA area (23.9±6.1 vs. 29.0±4.9 cm2, p=0.002) and a reduction in global LA strain (11.43±6.81 vs. 8.70±4.64%, p=0.02) were observed. E/A ratio increased (p=0.05), while deceleration time decreased (p=0.018). No significant changes in LVEF and GLS (-7.30±3.36 vs. -6.87±2.82%, p=0.34) occurred. Conclusions: Over a long-term follow-up, divergent CRT-induced changes in LA size and function were observed. In CRT responders, LA reverse remodeling and increase in LA strain were observed, together with improvement in LV function and MR degree. In non-responders, LA size increased and strain even worsened. Different CRT mechanisms, including changes in LV function, MR and filling pressures, seem to play a role in determining LA size and function, giving a feed-back loop.
Nanotechnology advances in controlled drug delivery systems (2008)

Abstract Nanotechnology advances in drug delivery deal with the development of synthetic nanometer sized targeted delivery systems for therapeutic agents of increased complexity, and biologically active drug products. Therapeutic systems in this class are up to a million times larger than classical drugs like aspirin. Being larger there is more scope for diversity and complexity, which makes their protection much more challenging and their delivery more difficult. Their increased complexity however, gives these systems the unique power to tackle more challenging diseases. Targeted delivery systems can have multiple functions, a key one being their ability to recognize specific molecules which can be located either on the membrane of target cells, or in specific compartments within the cell. A challenging objective of targeted drug delivery is the development of innovative multidisciplinary approaches for the design, synthesis and functionalization of novel nanocarriers for targeted delivery of protein/peptide (P/P) drugs via oral, pulmonary and nasal administration routes as well as the fabrication of “smart” miniaturized drug delivery devices able to release a variety of drugs on demand. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A short synthesis of both enantiomers of enterolactone (2000)

A short and efficient synthesis of both enantiomers of enterolactone, a mammalian lignan, is described. The overall yield for the natural enterolactone, over seven steps, was 19% and for its enantiomer 27%. Key words: enterolactone, 4-diphenylmethyl-2-oxazolidinone, succinate, enantioselective synthesis.
Efficacy and safety of intranasal budesonide in the treatment of perennial rhinitis in adults and children. (1990)

The efficacy and safety of intranasal budesonide were evaluated in a placebo-controlled double-blind study of 51 children (6 to 18 years) and 48 adults with perennial (allergic or nonallergic) rhinitis. The trial commenced with a 2-week baseline period without treatment for perennial rhinitis. This was followed by a treatment period of 4 weeks. Treatment was either intranasal budesonide 200 micrograms bid or matching placebo bid. Nasal symptoms were rated daily on a scale from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe). Safety was monitored by laboratory assessments (hematology, blood chemistry, urinalysis) as well as by rhinoscopy and recording of adverse events. Budesonide reduced the nasal symptoms as compared with baseline. The reduction was greater than in the placebo group and symptoms were improved significantly on budesonide treatment compared with placebo. Laboratory assessments demonstrated no differences between budesonide and placebo. Adverse responses to intranasal budesonide were few and minor, and compliance was high. Intranasal budesonide, 200 micrograms bid, thus appears to be efficacious, highly acceptable, and safe for the treatment of perennial rhinitis.