gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NK cell intrinsic regulation of MIP-1α by granzyme M (2014)

Granzymes are generally recognized for their capacity to induce various pathways of perforin-dependent target cell death. Within this serine protease family, Granzyme M (GrzM) is unique owing to its preferential expression in innate effectors such as natural killer (NK) cells. During Listeria monocytogenes infection, we observed markedly reduced secretion of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α) in livers of GrzM-deficient mice, which resulted in significantly impaired NK cell recruitment. Direct stimulation with IL-12 and IL-15 demonstrated that GrzM was required for maximal secretion of active MIP-1α. This effect was not due to reduced protein induction but resulted from heightened intracellular accumulation of MIP-1α, with reduced release. These results demonstrate that GrzM is a critical mediator of innate immunity that can regulate chemotactic networks and has an important role in the initiation of immune responses and pathogen control.
Developed Cavitation-Cavity Dynamics (2001)

When we discuss high-speed supercavitating bodies, it primarily involves the fully developed supercavitating phase. For many cases the body must transition from fully wetted, through the partially cavitating regime before reaching supercavitation. Therefore, an understanding of all phases of cavitation is necessary. This report presents a summary of the cavitation flow regimes and experimental techniques used at ARL Penn State for investigating developed cavitation physics.
Thermodynamic modeling for solubility prediction of indomethacin in self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) and its individual components (2013)

Abstract For the development of an effective self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of poorly soluble drugs, the knowledge of the solubility in its oil phase and SNEDDS are one of the most important factors to avoid possibility of drug to get phase separated or precipitated upon dilution with gastrointestinal fluids. With this background, this study was undertaken to determine the equilibrium saturated solubility as well as mole fraction solubility of indomethacin in prepared SNEDDS and its individual components at the temperature range of 295.15 to 320.15 K. The equilibrium solubilities of indomethacin in each sample matrices were determined by an isothermal mechanical shaking method and the resulting data was analyzed by regression analysis. The experimental mole fraction solubility data of indomethacin at various temperatures was well correlated with the modified Apelblat model. The equilibrium saturated solubility as well as mole fraction solubility of indomethacin was found to be increased with increase in temperature in SNEDDS as well as in its individual components. The mole fraction solubility of indomethacin was found to be significantly higher in Tween-80 than SNEDDS, Labrafil-M1944CS and Transcutol-HP. These preliminary studies on solubility could be a useful tool for the development of an efficient and thermodynamically stable SNEDDS formulation of various poorly soluble drugs to enhance their solubility/dissolution and oral bioavailability.
Las relaciones políticas entre el menemismo y las Fuerzas Armadas: Un análisis histórico-político del período 1989-1995 (2011)

El trabajo indaga en la trama de la relación política que estableció el menemismo con las Fuerzas Armadas durante el primer gobierno de Carlos Menem (1989-1995). Se intenta dar cuenta de la multiplicidad de causas y motivaciones que llevaron al actor militar a subordinarse al régimen democrático y a las transformaciones estructurales realizadas durante el período seleccionado.
Abnormal pain processing in chronic tension-type headache: a high-density EEG brain mapping study (2008)

Central sensitization caused by prolonged nociceptive input from muscles is considered to play an important role for chronification of tension-type headache. In the present study we used a new high-density EEG brain mapping technique to investigate spatiotemporal aspects of brain activity in response to muscle pain in 19 patients with chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) and 19 healthy, age- and sex-matched controls. Intramuscular electrical stimuli (single and train of five pulses delivered at 2 Hz) were applied to the trapezius muscle and somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded with 128-channel EEG both in- and outside a condition with induced tonic neck/shoulder muscle pain (glutamate injection into the trapezius muscle). Significant reduction in magnitude during and after induced tonic muscle pain was found in controls at the P200 dipole in response to both the first (baseline versus tonic muscle pain: P = 0.001; baseline versus post-tonic muscle pain: P = 0.002) and fifth (baseline versus tonic muscle pain: P = 0.04; baseline versus post-tonic muscle pain: P = 0.04) stimulus in the train. In contrast, there were no differences between the conditions in patients. No consistent difference was found in localization or peak latency of the dipoles. The reduction in magnitude during and after induced tonic muscle pain in controls but not in patients with CTTH may be explained by impaired inhibition of the nociceptive input in these patients. This may be the first evidence that the supraspinal response to muscle pain is abnormal in patients with CTTH.
Thermal imaging system using optimised wavefront coding operating in real-time (2010)

A thermal imaging system has been demonstrated, which uses wavefront coding to provide an extended depth of field. Aberrations are introduced into the optical system, which are optimised to be insensitive to defocus; a single image processing algorithm can be successfully applied to images with a range of focus errors. This requires both the design of the wavefront coding surface and the implementation of efficient and effective image processing electronics. The design of the freeform wavefront coding surface goes hand-in-hand with that of the electronics architecture. An optimised decoding algorithm is implemented in the image processing electronics to achieve real-time imaging performance.
Definitions of power and related quantities (1935)

Definitions of power, power factor, and related quantities in an a-c circuit have been prepared in an effort to provide definitions which will be generally acceptable. If such general acceptance is obtained, they will be published as a part of the revised report on “Definitions of Electrical Terms” which is being prepared by the Sectional Committee on Electrical Definitions. The authors were requested to prepare this paper to give to engineers an understanding of the principles which have guided the preparation of the proposed definitions and to provide opportunity for their discussion. The definitions cover the entire field of single-phase and polyphase circuits. The explanations start with simple circuits and lead to the more complex.
Molecular characterization and expression analysis of a suite of cytochrome P450 enzymes implicated in insect hydrocarbon degradation in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (2010)

The insect epicuticle or waxy layer comprises a heterogeneous mixture of lipids that include abundant levels of long-chain alkanes, alkenes, wax esters and fatty acids. This structure represents the first barrier against microbial attack and for broad-host-range insect pathogens, such as Beauveria bassiana, it is the initial interface mediating the host-pathogen interaction, since these organisms do not require any specialized mode of entry and infect target hosts via the cuticle. B. bassiana is able to grow on straight chain alkanes up to n-C(33) as a sole source of carbon and energy. The cDNA and genomic sequences, including putative regulatory elements, for eight cytochrome P450 enzymes, postulated to be involved in alkane and insect epicuticle degradation, were isolated and characterized. Expression studies using a range of alkanes as well as an insect-derived epicuticular extract from the blood-sucking bug Triatomas infestans revealed a differential expression pattern for the P450 genes examined, and suggest that B. bassiana contains a series of hydrocarbon-assimilating enzymes with overlapping specificity in order to target the surface lipids of insect hosts. Phylogenetic analysis of the translated ORFs of the sequences revealed that the enzyme which displayed the highest levels of induction on both alkanes and the insect epicuticular extract represents the founding member of a new cytochrome P450 family, with three of the other sequences assigned as the first members of new P450 subfamilies. The remaining four proteins clustered with known P450 families whose members include alkane monooxygenases.
Heterogeneous Hydrogenation of Vegetable Oils: A Literature Review (1997)

Abstract Hardening of vegetable oils is reviewed from an engineering point of view. The present review focuses on kinetics of the hydrogenation and relevant transport and adsorption steps. It aims to contribute to accelerate new research to improve substantially on selectivities in general and a decrease of trans fatty acid content in particular. From a comprehensive literature review, we concluded the absence of reliable, mechanistically based kinetic rate expression. Moreover, transport limitations, both intraparticle and interfacial, cannot be excluded from the vast majority of available experimental data. Therefore, future research should focus on the development of intrinsic kinetic rate expressions, which may subsequently contribute to develop new and improved hydrogenation catalysts.
Effects of sustained and intermittent paclitaxel therapy on tumor repopulation in ovarian cancer (2008)

Tumor repopulation between cycles of chemotherapy likely has a negative effect on clinical outcome in ovarian cancer patients. Thus, avoiding treatment-free periods when tumor cells proliferate by providing sustained chemotherapy regimens may improve clinical response. We investigated the effect of sustained versus intermittent paclitaxel administration on tumor repopulation in ovarian cancer. Growth, clonogenic survival, and apoptosis were followed in SKOV3 and A2780 cells after equivalent exposure to intermittent and sustained levels of paclitaxel. In vivo tumor repopulation in response to sustained and intermittent paclitaxel therapy was investigated in an i.p. xenograft model of human ovarian cancer. Tumor growth, proliferation, and apoptosis were evaluated at different intervals during and after the course of treatment using 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine uptake, caspase-3, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling immunoassays. Sustained treatment significantly reduced survival in vitro in both cell lines, whereas an increase in clonogenic survival was observed in the intermittent group with each treatment gap, indicating a gradual acceleration in repopulation rates. Similarly, in vivo, sustained therapy resulted in a significant reduction of tumor growth and proliferation. Intermittent therapy resulted in increased tumor proliferation and no efficacy. The percentage of apoptotic tumor cells significantly increased in the sustained group, whereas no significant changes were seen in the control and intermittent groups. Intermittent administration of paclitaxel significantly augmented both in vitro and in vivo tumor repopulation rates, whereas sustained delivery inhibited tumor growth and repopulation. Sustained administration of paclitaxel may increase chemoresponsiveness and clinical response in ovarian cancer by attenuating tumor repopulation.
Modelling of the selective catalytic NOx reduction in diesel exhaust including ammonia storage (2007)

A mathematical model for the simulation of the selective catalytic reduction of NO x by ammonia in diesel exhaust is presented. The simulation of heat and mass transfer, and flow phenomena in a monolithic catalytic converter is performed by a previously published mathematical model. The chemical phenomena are described by global reactions for the oxidation of ammonia and the reduction of NO x , using Langmuir-Hinshelwood reaction rate expressions. Ammonia storage phenomena are taken into account, based on the adsorption isotherm proposed by Dubinin and Radushkevich. Both the steady state chemical reaction scheme included in the mathematical model and the ammonia adsorption and desorption model are validated against experimental data previously published in the literature. The effect of ammonia storage phenomena under an oscillating NH 3 /NO x ratio in the feed gas is investigated. The results indicate that for the application examined, ammonia storage plays an important role at intermediate temperatures, where conversion is controlled by reaction kinetics, provided that the ammonia adsorption capacity is sufficiently high.
adaptive fourier threshold filtering: A method to reduce noise and incoherent artifacts in high resolution cardiac images (1994)

We introduce an image processing method which reduces white noise and random artifacts in sets of high resolution, time resolved images. At each pixel, the processing consists of: 1) the isolation of a time intensity curve (TIC), 2) Fourier transformation of each TIC, 3) application of a threshold to remove low intensity coefficients, 4) inverse transformation to generate noise reduced TICs which are recombined to form images with improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Noise filtering by Fourier thresholding is demonstrated on a set of cardiac images, resulting in a reduction of the noise energy by approximately 90%.
Reassessment of the Roles of Integrase and the Central DNA Flap in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nuclear Import (2002)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can infect nondividing cells productively because the nuclear import of viral nucleic acids occurs in the absence of cell division. A number of viral factors that are present in HIV-1 preintegration complexes (PICs) have been assigned functions in nuclear import, including an essential valine at position 165 in integrase (IN-V165) and the central polypurine tract (cPPT). In this article, we report a comparison of the replication and infection characteristics of viruses with disruptions in the cPPT and IN-V165. We found that viruses with cPPT mutations still replicated productively in both dividing and nondividing cells, while viruses with a mutation at IN-V165 did not. Direct observation of the subcellular localization of HIV-1 cDNAs by fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that cDNAs synthesized by both mutant viruses were readily detected in the nucleus. Thus, neither the cPPT nor the valine residue at position 165 of integrase is essential for the nuclear import of HIV-1 PICs.
Molecular cloning of a gene encoding a seed-specific protein with nutritionally balanced amino acid composition from Amaranthus. (1992)

An albumin with a well-balanced amino acid composition and high levels of the essential amino acids was purified to homogeneity from the mature seeds of Amaranthus hypochondriacus. The amino acid composition of this protein is comparable to the World Health Organization recommended values for a highly nutritional protein. The protein is a 35-kDa monomer with four isoforms that can be separated by chromatofocusing. Antibodies raised against one of the isoforms, AmA1, cross-reacted with the other three isoforms. Affinity-purified AmA1 antibodies were used to isolate cDNA clones from a developing-seed expression library. The six immunopositive recombinants obtained were found to be related. The cDNA of the largest clone (1.2 kilobases) has a single major open reading frame corresponding to a 304-amino acid polypeptide. The clone was confirmed by hybrid-selected translation and immunoprecipitation. The size of the immunoprecipitated product was identical to the mature protein. Analysis of RNA and protein in developing seeds showed that AmA1 is synthesized during early embryogenesis, reaching a maximum by midmaturation. No RNA was detected in 1-day-old seedlings although the protein showed delayed breakdown on germination. Expression of the AmA1 gene was found to be seed-specific, as no protein or RNA was detected in other plant tissues.
Bichromophoric Paracyclophanes:  Models for Interchromophore Delocalization (2001)

The electronic delocalization between chromophores in the solid is an important parameter to optimize when designing organic materials for optoelectronic applications. The [2.2]paracyclophane framework allows for the synthesis of well-defined, nonfluxional molecules that bring together two chromophores into close proximity. From the photophysical properties of these molecules we can examine how the chromophore conjugation length, their relative orientation, and the regiochemistry of contact affects the electronic delocalization between the two subunits.
Body Area Network Channels Study Using a Deterministic Ray Tracing Based Simulator (2014)

In this paper we aim to present the Body Area Network (BAN) channels simulation using the PyLayers physical simulation platform based on graph based ray tracing techniques and a simulation results comparison with measurements. In this work, different BAN channels, for instance, on-body and off
Kitasato Symposium 2009: New Prospects for Cytokine Inhibition (2009)

The Kitasato Symposium 2009: New Prospects for Cytokine Inhibition was held in Berlin, Germany from 7 to 9 May 2009. The key aims of this meeting were to bring together a group of front-line researchers and rheumatologists to evaluate the use of cytokine blockade and to examine the role of certain cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. A keynote lecture delivered by Professor Jean-Michel Dayer provided an up-to-date overview of the interactions occurring between the immune system and acute phase proteins. Other speakers discussed the role of cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis, including their role in joint destruction, as well as their regulatory role upon T cells and B cells. The involvement of cytokines in other autoimmune diseases was also addressed.
A Message from the Membership Committee Chairman (1993)

Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (1993) 53, 611; doi:10.1038/clpt.1993.78
Effect of ion association on transport in polymer electrolytes (1989)

Numerous techniques have been employed in an attempt to elucidate details of the conductivity mechanism in polymer electrolytes, and in particular to determine whether cations, anions or both are mobile. Until recently, most of these studies have assumed a ‘strong electrolyte’ model. Here we examine the effect of ion association on the interpretation of different techniques, including Hittorf, concentration cell, centrifugal cell, ratio-tracer, pulsed field gradient n.m.r. and d.c. polarisation methods. The circumstances under which certain of these experiments yield individual ionic transport numbers are described. It is also shown that, in general, measured diffusion coefficients may not be sensibly compared with mobilities from conductivity measurements using the Nernst–Einstein relationship. The d.c. polarisation technique is examined in some detail and the value of the steady-state conductivity in assessing polymer electrolytes for battery applications is described. Finally, some experimental evidence is presented which appears to support the existence of ion association in polymer electrolytes.
Inorganic nutrients (PO4, SiOH4, NO3, NO2, NH4) from R/V Knorr cruise KN207-01 from the southern tip of Nova Scotia to Bermuda in 2012 (SargassoSeaLipids project) (2013)

Inorganic nutrients (PO4, SiOH4, NO3, NO2, NH4) from R/V Knorr cruise KN207-01 from the southern tip of Nova Scotia to Bermuda in 2012. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3985
Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Epitaxial NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (001) Films Fabricated by Reactive Sputtering (2014)

Thin films of NiFe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> were fabricated on MgO (001) and MgAl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> (MAO) (001) substrates by reactive radio frequency magnetron sputtering and were evaluated with regards to their electrical and magnetic properties. A saturation magnetization of 285 emu/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> was obtained with a 30 nm thick film grown on an MAO substrate at an oxygen flow rate, Q, of 9 sccm. This enhanced magnetization was found to be due to a normal spinel arrangement at the interface. From the thickness dependence of the magnetization, the intrinsic magnetization was determined as 241 emu/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> with the enhancement region estimated to be around 3/4 of the lattice constant, thus providing 8 μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> /f.u. The magnetization of those films grown on an MgO substrate exhibited remarkably smaller amplitudes to those of the MAO substrates. It is suggested that this substrate-dependent magnetization can be attributed to the number of antiphase boundaries. The resistivity was found to increase with Q, with a resistivity state in the same order as that of the bulk achieved with films prepared in which Q was greater than 10 sccm.
Numerical-Experimental Assessment of the Aruma Fiber as Reinforcement to the Cementitious Matrix (2014)

Composites of high mechanical performance reinforced by fibers need a well set arrangement of them in the matrix so that under reinforcement which they can be submitted, a desirable performance can be shown. Thus, the cement composite studied has a cement matrix which received a reinforcement made by arumã fibers, shaped in bidirectional frames distributed in three layers. Arumã is a typical plant from the Amazon, species from the genus Ischnosiphon polyphyllus, part of the family Marantaceae. This study had the purpose of assessing the cement composites mechanical behaviour from the bending tests in four points and puncture tests in sheets which were supported by the four edges. Having presented mechanical results, a numerical simulation was made through the SAP2000 NonLinear® software, with the aim to obtain a numerical computational model able to represent the composites behaviour up to the point where the loading reaches the greatest amount. The numerical results present a good correlation with those obtained in the experimental tests.
Context-Aware Dynamic Service Composition in Ubiquitous Environment (2010)

The service composition aims to provide a variety of high level services. Recent approaches cannot fully satisfy the requirement raised by ubiquitous environment. In this paper, we propose a layered design framework which aims at being flexible and robust to failure service composition. It adopts an abstract way of generating plan using rule-based techniques in order to adapt to the changes occurring on the services and the context of use. The approach optimizes the number of services and the recomposition time in large-scale environment by removing the phase of rediscovery. The framework for service composition and monitoring includes learning mechanism for the service selection, based on an estimation of the reputation for abstract services and the quality (QoS) for concrete services. The proposed approach is tested, under USARSim simulator, on a set of ubiquitous services for assisting elderly or dependant person in a residential environment. The obtained results show the feasibility and the scalability of the approach and a better reactivity to the dynamic and uncertain nature of the ubiquitous environment.