gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inducible brown adipocytes in subcutaneous inguinal white fat: the role of continuous sympathetic stimulation (2014)

Brown adipocytes (BA) generate heat in response to sympathetic activation and are the main site of nonshivering thermogenesis in mammals. Although most BA are located in classic brown adipose tissue depots, BA are also abundant in the inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) before weaning. The number of BA is correlated with the density of sympathetic innervation in iWAT; however, the role of continuous sympathetic tone in the establishment and maintenance of BA in WAT has not been investigated. BA marker expression in iWAT was abundant in weaning mice but was greatly reduced by 8 wk of age. Nonetheless, BA phenotype could be rapidly reinstated by acute β₃-adrenergic stimulation with CL-316,243 (CL). Genetic tagging of adipocytes with adiponectin-CreER(T2) demonstrated that CL reinstates uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in adipocytes that were present before weaning. Chronic surgical denervation dramatically reduced the ability of CL to induce the expression of UCP1 and other BA markers in the tissue as a whole, and this loss of responsiveness was prevented by concurrent treatment with CL. These results indicate that ongoing sympathetic activity is critical to preserve the ability of iWAT fat cells to express a BA phenotype upon adrenergic stimulation.
Robust Estimation of Bacterial Cell Count from Optical Density (2019)

Abstract Optical density (OD) is a fast, cheap, and high-throughput measurement widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture. These measurements, however, cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and are challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address these shortcomings with an interlaboratory study comparing three OD calibration protocols, as applied to eight strains of E. coli engineered to constitutively express varying levels of GFP. These three protocols—comparison with colloidal silica (LUDOX), serial dilution of silica microspheres, and a reference colony-forming unit (CFU) assay—are all simple, low-cost, and highly accessible. Based on the results produced by the 244 teams completing this interlaboratory study, we recommend calibrating OD using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which readily produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of teams having residuals less than 1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, and as a side effect also assesses the effective linear range of an instrument. Moreover, estimates of cell count from silica microspheres can be combined with fluorescence calibration against fluorescein to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL), allowing direct comparison and data fusion with equivalently calibrated flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
Emotionale Auswirkungen der autonomen Deafferentierung bei Diabetes-Neuropathie (1989)

Bei 46 Typ-I-Diabetikern im Alter zwischen 15 und 44 Jahren wurden die Auswirkungen der viszeralen Deafferentierung bei autonomer Diabetesneuropathie auf körperliche Befindlichkeit und Emotionalität untersucht. Die Erfassung des Ausprägungsgrad der autonomen Neuropathie erfolgte mit vegetativen Funktionstest. Diabetiker ohne Neuropathie (N = 14), mit leichter Neuropathie (N = 23) und mit schwerer Neuropathie (N = 9) wurden miteinander verglichen. Gering ausgeprägte autonome Neuropathie führt zu vegetativen Funktionsstörungen, ist aber gleichzeitig mit einer verminderten Wahrnehmung körperlicher Beschwerden - erfaßt mit der Freiburger Beschwerdenliste - verbunden. Im Streß- und Copingverhalten (SCOPE) und in bestimmten Persönlichkeitsdimensionen (FPI) finden sich dabei Hinweise auf eine verminderte emotionale Reaktivität. Patienten mit fortgeschrittener autonomer Neuropathie haben zumeist ausgeprägte diabetische Folgekrankheiten (diabetische Retinopathie, Makro- und Mikroangiopathie etc.), scheinen aber die damit verbundenen körperlichen Beeinträchtigungen und emotionalen Belastungen nicht stärker als Diabetiker ohne Neuropathie wahrzunehmen. Die autonome Deafferentierung bei Diabetikern scheint somit sowohl zu einer gestörten Wahrnehmung körperlicher Beschwerden wie auch zu einer beeinträchtigten emotionalen Reaktionsfähigkeit zu führen.
The prognostic value of bispectral index in patients with acute cardiopulmonary resuscitation (2012)

Objective To evaluate the prognostic role of bispectral index (BIS) monitoring in patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the intensive care unit (ICU).Methods Thirtythree adult patients after CPR were enrolled and divided into survived group and non - survived group as per 7-day survival.During their stay in the ICU,BIS and SaO2 (saturation of artery oxygen) levels of all the patients were continuously monitored.The neurological status of the patients was measured with Glasgow coma scale (GCS).Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ ( APACHE Ⅱ ) was used to evaluate the patient condition. SjO2 (saturation of jugular bulb venous oxygen ) levels of 23 patients were continuously monitored and then the difference in values between SaO2 and SjO2 was calculated to show oxygen metabolism in the brain. The studied variables were compared between the two groups. The correlations between BIS values and GCS scores,and between BIS and APACHE Ⅱ scores were respectively analyzed. Results The BIS values and difference in values between the SaO2 and SjO2 were significantly higher in the patients of survived group than those in the patients of non-survived group (P ＜0.01 ).There were positive correlation between BIS and GCS (r =0.821,P ＜ 0.01 ) and as well as positive correlation between BIS and APACHE- Ⅱ ( r =0.434,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions The BIS may be useful to predict the post - resuscitative outcome of patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Key words: 
Bispectral index; GCS score; APACHE Ⅱ score; Saturation of jugular bulb venous oxygen; Mortality
Hydrothermally synthesized titania nanotubes as a promising electron transport medium in dye sensitized solar cells exhibiting a record efficiency of 7.6% for 1-D based devices (2013)

Hydrothermally synthesized TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) with a diameter of approximately 10 nm and a length of 250 nm are successfully employed in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on N719 dye and iodide/triiodide electrolyte and exhibiting an efficiency of 7.6% at 1 sun illumination. Randomly oriented TiO2 nanotubes are deposited on FTO glass by the electrophoretic deposition method, and the thickness of the TNT layer and hence the solar cell performance have been shown to depend on the deposition time and the nanotube concentration in the electrolyte solution. The highest efficiency is obtained for the solar cell fabricated with the 6-minute electrophoretically deposited TiO2 film having a film thickness of ∼6 μm. These pristine TNT photoelectrodes exhibit a short-circuit current density (Jsc), an open-circuit voltage (Voc), a fill factor (FF) and an efficiency (η) of 2.4 mA cm−2, 899 mV, 78% and 1.7%, respectively. TiCl4 treatment of pristine TNT photoelectrodes enhances the Jsc, Voc, FF and η to 13.2 mA cm−2, 819 mV, 70.4% and 7.6%, respectively. The TiCl4 treatment is found to be vital for the enhancement of the solar cell performance of hydrothermally synthesised TiO2 nanotube based devices. Enhancement of electron lifetime is noted after treatment of bare TiO2 nanotubes with 0.5 M TiCl4 solution. The electron transport resistance, electron lifetime and charge recombination properties of bare and TiCl4 treated TiO2 nanotubes are investigated by electrochemical impedance measurements. The increased performance of the DSSC fabricated with TiCl4 treated TNTs is due to several factors favouring the enhancement of efficiency. These include the dye loading amount, the decrease in electron transport resistance, the increase in density of states and enhancement of light scattering.
Genome and antigenic analysis of influenza A (H3N2) viruses isolated from an epidemic in a closed community of Carmelite nuns (1990)

Eighteen influenza A (H3N2) viruses were isolated during a single outbreak in a closed community of Carmelite nuns. Serological analysis of the virus haemagglutinin (HAs), using a panel of monoclonal antibodies, demonstrated antigenic microheterogeneity. In contrast, no significant biochemical differences were detected in viral genes by RNA:RNA hybridisation or in structural or nonstructural polypeptides analysed by high-resolution polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) or by limited proteolysis followed by PAGE. Influenza A (H3N2) viruses isolated in the vicinity of the convent were distinguishable from each other and from the epidemic viruses isolated in the convent both antigenically and biochemically.
Effect of cryoprotectants on the reconstitution of surfactant-free nanoparticles of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (2005)

Various cryoprotectants were tested to reconstitute the surfactant-free nanoparticles of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). When 2.0% (w/v) of sucrose, trehalose and lactose were used, nanoparticles were completely reconstituted into aqueous solution and particle size was not significantly changed. Above 1.0% (w/v) of sucrose, trehalose and lactose, nanoparticles are well reconstituted whereas it was precipitated with 1.0% (w/v) of mannitol. Drug-encapsulated surfactant-free nanoparticles were quite reconstituted when 2.0% (w/v) of sucrose, trehalose and lactose. Drug release kinetics of nanoparticles was not significantly changed by cryoprotectants.
Abstract P387: Sub-Perception Transdermal Vagal Stimulation in Postural Tachycardia Syndrome (2018)

Postural Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by an excessive increase in heart rate (&gt;= 30 bpm) on standing in the absence of orthostatic hypotension, and frequent orthostatic symptoms for more than 6 months. While most researchers focus on the hyperadrenergic features of POTS, these patients also have significant cardio-vagal (parasympathetic) impairment. We tested the hypothesis that transdermal electrical stimulation of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve will enhance cardio-vagal modulation, reduce heart rate, upright symptoms, and improve orthostatic tolerance. We studied 14 patients with POTS (31.5+/-11.7 years, BMI 22.6+/-3.9 kg/m 2 ). Sham or sub-perception threshold transdermal electrical vagal stimulation was applied in random order to the auricular branch in the right ear in supine and during graded tilt maneuver. Patients with low vagal modulation (low high frequency HF &lt; 200 ms 2 ) responded to vagal stimulation (Kruskal Wallis p=0.01, n=7, Fig left) with significant increase in HF power (eg @50Hz: +51+/-10 ms 2 , p=0.0032). Vagal stimulation during upright tilt tended to reduce orthostatic tachycardia and overall orthostatic symptom score. It improved significantly tilt time (+5.3+/-2.6 min, p=0.0156, Fig right). Patients with higher baseline vagal modulation (HF &gt;= 200 ms 2 ) did not respond to vagal stimulation (interaction p=0.41). This proof of concept study indicates that auricular transdermal vagal stimulation improves supine cardio-vagal function in POTS patients with low vagal modulation. Further research will determine if this approach can be used therapeutically, alone or in combination with other therapies.
Allosteric linkers in cAMP signalling (2014)

Weak interactions mediated by dynamic linkers are key determinants of allosteric regulation in multidomain signalling proteins. However, the mechanisms of linker-dependent control have remained largely elusive. In the present article, we review an allosteric model introduced recently to explain how signalling proteins effectively sense and respond to weak interactions, such as those elicited by flexible linkers flanking globular domains. Central to this model is the idea that near degeneracy within the free energy landscape of conformational selection maximally amplifies the response to weak (~2RT), but conformation-selective interactions. The model was tested as proof of principle using the prototypical regulatory subunit (R) of protein kinase A and led to the unanticipated finding that dynamic linkers control kinase activation and inhibition by tuning the inhibitory pre-equilibrium of a minimally populated intermediate (apo R). A practical implication of the proposed model is a new strategy to design kinase inhibitors with enhanced potency through frustration-relieving mutations.
Ultra Heavy Cosmic Rays (1981)

The existence in the cosmic rays of ultra-heavy (UH) nuclei with Z ≥ 30 was established by two separate experiments in 1966. Fleischer et al. first demonstrated the fossil tracks of such nuclei in certain meteoritic crystals and shortly afterwards Fowler established their existence in present-day cosmic rays with the detection of their tracks in photographic emulsion which had been exposed during a high altitude balloon flight. The fluxes of such nuclei are very low, only ~ 10 −4 of that of iron, and the most suitable method of detection to date has been the analysis of the tracks formed by these particles in very large(several m 2 ) arrays of plastic detector material, notably Lexan polycarbonate. Such exposures on balloons and on Skylab have provided practically all present knowledge of the UH cosmic rays. Unfortunately, the charge resolution obtained was disappointing, even though scrupulous care was taken in the handling and etching of the material, and the charge scale itself of necessity had to be based on a considerable extrapolation from the iron peak and could not be used with great confidence. The situation now, however, is in the process of being transformed. We have two satellite experiments devoted to the study of UH cosmic rays and in operation at the moment. These are the Bristol University experiment on Ariel 6 launched on 3rd June 1979 and the joint group under Israel, Waddington and Stone on HEAO-C launched in September 1979. It is therefore appropriate, I believe, if I devote this review to the new preliminary results and a comparison of this material with the published data.
Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX for borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma: improved efficacy compared with gemcitabine-based regimen (2017)

// Changhoon Yoo 1, * , Jihoon Kang 1, * , Kyu-Pyo Kim 1 , Jae-Lyun Lee 1 , Baek-Yeol Ryoo 1 , Heung-Moon Chang 1 , Sang Soo Lee 2 , Do Hyun Park 2 , Tae Jun Song 2 , Dong Wan Seo 2 , Sung Koo Lee 2 , Myung-Hwan Kim 2 , Jin-Hong Park 3 , Dae Wook Hwang 4 , Ki Byung Song 4 , Jae Hoon Lee 4 and Song Cheol Kim 4 1 Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 2 Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 3 Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 4 Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea * C. Yoo and J. Kang contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors Correspondence to: Kyu-Pyo Kim, email: kkp1122@amc.seoul.kr Song Cheol Kim, email: drksc@amc.seoul.kr Keywords: pancreatic cancer, chemotherapy, neoadjuvant, FOLFIRINOX Received: November 17, 2016&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Accepted: February 06, 2017&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Published: May 16, 2017 ABSTRACT Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) is a potentially resectable disease but is associated with poorer survival compared to primary resectable disease. There has been no prospective trial that compare the efficacy of FOLFIRNOX and gemcitabine-based regimen for BRPC. Between February 2013 and December 2014, 18 patients with BRPC receiving FOLFIRINOX were reviewed retrospectively. For comparative analysis, data for all BRPC patients (n=18) in our previous phase 2 study of neoadjuvant fixed-dose rate-gemcitabine plus capecitabine were pooled. Patients received a median 6 cycles (range, 3-13) of FOLFIRINOX. Surgical resection was performed in 12 patients (67%) and R0 resection in 9 patients. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 16.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.4-24.2) and 21.2 (95% CI, 14.2-28.2) months, respectively. Patients who underwent surgical resection showed significantly better PFS (p=0.01) and OS (p=0.003) than those unresected. In the exploratory analysis, patients receiving FOLFIRINOX showed significantly longer PFS compared to those receiving fixed-dose rate-gemcitabine plus capecitabine (median 16.8 months [95% CI, 9.4-24.2] vs. 6.5 months [1.6-11.3]; p = 0.04). There was a trend toward improved OS in patients who received FOLFIRINOX (median 21.2 months [95% CI, 14.2-28.2]) compared to those who received fixed-dose rate-gemcitabine plus capecitabine (13.6 months [11.8-15.4]; p=0.12). FOLFIRINOX was feasible and effective as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with BRPC and may have improved efficacy compared to a gemcitabine-based regimen.
Empirical Evaluation of Upstream Throughput in a DOCSIS Access Network (2005)

We present empirical measurements of the upstream throughput of a DOCSIS 1.1 link. In contrast to all previous simulation-based studies, our measurements have been obtained from actual cable-modems (CMs) and head-ends, each from two different vendors. We have constructed an exhaustive database of measurements of a large subset of the space of parameters affecting upstream throughput. Using a well-known non-parametric hypothesis test, we query this database for obtaining statistically robust answers to key questions about the effect of parameter changes on the throughput. Our results indicate that, for a single CM scenario, packet concatenation is most effective, whereas piggybacking is effective and better than concatenation only in some cases. Using both enhancers decreases throughput for a single CM scenario. Our results are robust across head-end implementations and are of immediate interest to network and protocol architects as well as device developers.
Differentially expressed miRNAs in trisomy 21 placentas (2016)

These findings suggest the possible participation of miRNAs in Down syndrome impaired placentation and connected pregnancy pathologies. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prioridades de la Presidencia española del Consejo de la Unión Europea (1995)

We introduce a framework wherein various measurements of a pulse-coupled network's stationary dynamics can be expanded in terms of the network's connectivity. Such measurements include the occurrence rate of pulses (e.g., firing rates within a neuronal network) as well as higher-order correlations in activity between various nodes in the network. The various terms in this expansion can be interpreted as diagrams corresponding to subnetworks of the original network, which span both space (in terms of the network's graph) as well as time (in the sense of causality).
The structure and functional properties of Ni–Ti–Cu alloy rapidly quenched ribbons with different parts of crystalline phase (2009)

The structure and thermomechanical properties of Ni-Ti-Cu alloy partially crystallized rapidly quenched ribbons were studied. The technique of controlled isothermal annealing of the initially amorphous ribbons in the differential scanning calorimeter was used for preparation of the samples with determined relations of extracted thermal energies to the full crystallization energy. The thermomechanical properties of the ribbons were studied in temperature interval -100..100 C. It was found that temperature dependence of bending deformation demonstrates hysteresis for the samples with more then 29% of crystalline phase. The shape memory effect manifests itself in these samples. The value of the reversible strain rises with the crystalline phase increase. The HRTEM studies show that rare crystallites have spherical shape in samples with 15% crystalline phase. Their sizes vary from 100 to 1000 nm. The DSC studies show peaks corresponding to the direct and reverse martensitic transformation at temperatures T am = 15 C and T ma = 29 C. The concretion of crystallites with plane boundaries formation was observed in samples with 29% of crystalline phase. The martensitic transformation is suppressed in crystallites less than 300 nm at room temperature. Unlike this in b technique. The model for the explanation of the observed phenomena is discussed.
Limited Genetic Diversity Detected in Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus Variants Circulating in Dromedary Camels in Jordan (2021)

Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a persistent zoonotic pathogen with frequent spillover from dromedary camels to humans in the Arabian Peninsula, resulting in limited outbreaks of MERS with a high case-fatality rate. Full genome sequence data from camel-derived MERS-CoV variants show diverse lineages circulating in domestic camels with frequent recombination. More than 90% of the available full MERS-CoV genome sequences derived from camels are from just two countries, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and United Arab Emirates (UAE). In this study, we employ a novel method to amplify and sequence the partial MERS-CoV genome with high sensitivity from nasal swabs of infected camels. We recovered more than 99% of the MERS-CoV genome from field-collected samples with greater than 500 TCID<sub>50</sub> equivalent per nasal swab from camel herds sampled in Jordan in May 2016. Our subsequent analyses of 14 camel-derived MERS-CoV genomes show a striking lack of genetic diversity circulating in Jordan camels relative to MERS-CoV genome sequences derived from large camel markets in KSA and UAE. The low genetic diversity detected in Jordan camels during our study is consistent with a lack of endemic circulation in these camel herds and reflective of data from MERS outbreaks in humans dominated by nosocomial transmission following a single introduction as reported during the 2015 MERS outbreak in South Korea. Our data suggest transmission of MERS-CoV among two camel herds in Jordan in 2016 following a single introduction event.
SPedia (2016)

Producing the Linked Open Data (LOD) is getting potential to publish high-quality interlinked data. Publishing such data facilitates intelligent searching from the Web of data. In the context of scientific publications, data about millions of scientific documents published by hundreds and thousands of publishers is in silence as it is not published as open data and ultimately is not linked to other datasets. In this paper the authors present SPedia: a semantically enriched knowledge base of data about scientific documents. SPedia knowledge base provides information on more than nine million scientific documents, consisting of more than three hundred million RDF triples. These extracted datasets, allow users to put sophisticated queries by employing semantic Web techniques instead of relying on keyword-based searches. This paper also shows the quality of extracted data by performing sample queries through SPedia SPARQL Endpoint and analyzing results. Finally, the authors describe that how SPedia can serve as central hub for the cloud of LOD of scientific publications.
Case of Uni-Magerl Method for Atlanto-Axial Subluxation with Down Syndrome (2009)

小児ダウン症に伴う環軸関節亜脱臼に対して片側Magerl法を行った1例を経験した．症例はダウン症の8歳6ヵ月女児で，特に誘因なく頚部痛出現し，小児科にて環軸関節亜脱臼を指摘され当科紹介受診した．後頭後頚部痛を認めるのみで，神経学的異常所見はなかった．頚椎単純X線像でAD I7 mm，Os odontoideumを認めた．Magerl法による後方固定術を予定したが，小児のためCTにて軸椎椎弓根狭部が狭く，Screw刺入が困難と判断し，外来経過観察した．8歳11カ月時に頚部痛の増悪，頚椎単純X線像にてADI拡大を認め手術となった．術前のCT，MRAでは右の椎骨動脈の低形成を認めた．ナビゲーションシステム下に片側Magerl＋Brooks法を施行，左側は椎骨動脈優位側であり，screw刺入部が狭いため行わなかった．術後は3ヶ月間フィラデルフィア装具にて固定した．9歳10ヵ月，頚部痛改善している．