gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
T follicular helper cell responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination among healthy and immunocompromised adults (2023)

The worldwide rollout of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccinations in the last 2 years has produced a multitude of studies investigating T-cell responses in the peripheral blood and a limited number in secondary lymphoid tissues. As a key component to an effective immune response, vaccine-specific T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are localized in the draining lymph node (LN) and assist in the selection of highly specific B-cell clones for the production of neutralizing antibodies. While these cells have been noted in the blood as circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells, they are not often taken into consideration when examining effective CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell responses, particularly in immunocompromised groups. Furthermore, site-specific analyses in locations such as the LN have recently become an attractive area of investigation. This is mainly a result of improved sampling methods via ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (FNB)/fine-needle aspiration (FNA), which are less invasive than LN excision and able to be performed longitudinally. While these studies have been undertaken in healthy individuals, data from immunocompromised groups are lacking. This review will focus on both Tfh and cTfh responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. This area of investigation could identify key characteristics of a successful LN response required for the prevention of infection and viral clearance. This furthermore may highlight responses that could be fine-tuned to improve vaccine efficacy within immunocompromised groups that are at a risk of more severe disease.
Acoustic properties of porous media (1983)

The long-wavelength acoustic properties of two-component composites is reviewed and it is shown that in order for such a system to have two distinct longitudinal modes, one component must be a fluid, the other a solid, and each must form its own percolating cluster. The Biot theory, which treats the two displacements on a separate and equal footing, is shown to give an excellent description of a wide variety of such systems which include: the diffusive mode in polymer gels, 4th sound in superfluid/superleak systems, the diffusion of a fluid pressure pulse through a porous solid, and the additional “Slow Wave” recently observed in a variety of water-saturated porous materials. It is shown how one can independently measure all the necessary input parameters and successfully calculate the effect of fluid saturation on the measured speeds. The essential connection between the acoustic properties and the electrical properties of porous solids is made. Finally, it is shown that, in general, standard multiple scattering theories within the single site approximation are intrinsically incapable of giving even a qualitative description of the acoustic properties of such bipercolating systems; the exception is when one component does not percolate as occurs, for example, in a suspension.
Seasonal incidence of leaf webber, Diaphania pulverulentalis Hamps. on mulberry in Kerala. (2009)

lHIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTEl SUMMARY A survey on the incidence of leaf webber, Diaphania pulverulentalis in Ernakulam and Trichur, the two major sericultural districts of Kerala was carried out . The survey was conducted at weekly intervals by the fixed plot method for three years (2002-2004). Generally, the infestation increases from June onwards and decreased from January. Maximum infestation was observed during the winter months. There was a gradual increased in the incidence of leaf webber year after year in all the villages in these districts. The average incidence was 2.2, 5.3 and 12.7, respectively during 2002, 2003 and 2004. See end of the article for authors’ affiliations
A Novel Xanthone from Garcinia oligantha (2013)

Abstract One novel xanthone, oliganthone A ( 1 ), was isolated from the stems of the plant Garcinia oligantha. It features the O‐bearing C(3)‐atom and absence of C(4) compared with the structures of related known xanthones, which have never been reported before. The structure of this compound was elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 showed strong HeLa cell growth‐inhibiting effects with IC 50 values below 10 μ M .
FABRICATING A 3.5-INCH FERRITE SPHERE (1963)

Procedure for preparing a homogeneous, crackfree, 3.5-inch ferrite sphere needed for a satellite orientation device
Radon: Risk and Remedy (1989)

This potentially life-saving book offers the scientific facts and practical advice needed to protect our homes and our families from this naturally occurring, highly radioactive gas.
A Deep Dive Into Understanding The Random Walk-Based Temporal Graph Learning (2021)

Machine learning on graph data has gained sig-nificant interest because of its applicability to various domainsranging from product recommendations to drug discovery. Whilethere is a rapid growth in the algorithmic community, the com-puter architecture community has so far focused on a subset ofgraph learning algorithms including Graph Convolution Network(GCN), and a few others. In this paper, we study another, morescalable, graph learning algorithm based onrandom walks, whichoperates on dynamic input graphs and has attracted less attentionin the architecture community compared to GCN. We proposehigh-performance CPU and GPU implementations of two keygraph learning tasks, that cover a broad class of applications,using random walks on continuous-time dynamic graphs: linkprediction and node classification. We show that the resultingworkload exhibits distinct characteristics, measured in terms ofirregularity, core and memory utilization, and cache hit rates,compared to graph traversals, deep learning, and GCN. Wefurther conduct an in-depth performance analysis focused onboth algorithm and hardware to guide future software optimiza-tion and architecture exploration. The algorithm-focused studypresents a rich trade-off space between algorithmic performanceand runtime complexity to identify optimization opportunities.We find an optimal hyperparameter setting that strikes balancein this trade-off space. Using this setting, we also perform adetailed microarchitectural characterization to analyze hardwarebehavior of these applications and uncover execution bottlenecks,which include high cache misses and dependency-related stalls.The outcome of our study includes recommendations for furtherperformance optimization, and open-source implementations forfuture investigation.
Microgravity Isolation System Design: A Modern Control Synthesis Framework (1996)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Autodissemination ofBeauveria bassianaby Sap Beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) to Overwintering Sites (2003)

An autoinoculative device was used to test the ability of sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) to carry a specific strain of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin to overwintering sites in a multiyear field study. The device was baited with the pheromone and coattractants for the dusky sap beetle (Carpophilus lugubris Murray) and placed in the field in the fall of each year. The introduced strain occurred at high frequency among the B. bassiana isolated in the fall of all four years tested (100% of all isolates from 21 of 22 collection dates). The introduced strain of B. bassiana was isolated at high frequency from all the B. bassiana-contaminated sap beetles recovered from the overwintering traps (100% of all isolates from 13 of 23 trap/beetle species combinations) and was highest after the longest fall exposure. The introduced strain was primarily isolated from C. lugubris and C. antiquus, but species distribution was also dependent on the overwintering trap design used. Few non-sap beetles species of insects were recovered from the artificial overwintering sites. Although B. bassiana was isolated from free flying sap beetles caught in traps in the spring of each year, none were infected with the introduced strain. The autoinoculating device provides selective contamination of sap beetles in overwintering sites when used in the fall. It may be useful in providing some control of sap beetles or other insects where limited numbers of mass overwintering sites (such as tree holes) occur.
FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS: MOSSBAUER STUDIES OF PRETREATED ULTRAFINE IRON OXIDE CATALYSTS (1993)

Abstract Mössbauer spectroscopy indicates that a 24 hour pretreatment in CO at 260°C and 8 atm. in a tetralin solvent almost completely converts ultrafrne iron oxide (about 3 nm) to iron carbide. However, pretreatment in hydrogen under the same conditions resulted in reduction of about 33% of the iron to metallic Fe; the remainder was Fe3O4Exposure of the CO pretreated catalyst to a 1:1 H2/CO synthesis gas resulted in the gradual reoxidation of the carbides to Fe304During the first 2 hours of exposure of the H2 pretreated sample to synthesis gas, the metallic Fe was converted to iron carbides. Further exposure of the H2 pretreatment sample to synthesis gas did not result in a composition change of the catalyst. Therefore, it is concluded that iron carbides with different oxidation characteristics were formed in these two cases.
Characteristics of Schistosomiasis in Travelers Reported to the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network 1997–2008 (2008)

Among ill returned travelers to Schistosoma-endemic areas reported to the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network over a decade 410 schistosomiasis diagnoses were identified: 102 Schistosoma mansoni, 88 S. haematobium, 7 S. japonicum, and 213 Schistosoma unknown human species. A total of 83% were acquired in Africa. Unlike previous large case series, individuals born in endemic areas were excluded. Controlling for age and sex, those traveling for missionary or volunteer work, or as expatriates were more likely to be diagnosed with schistosomiasis. Sixty-three percent of those with schistosomiasis presented within six months of travel. Those seen early more often presented with fever and respiratory symptoms compared with those who presented later. One-third of patients with schistosomiasis were asymptomatic at diagnosis. Half of those examined for schistosomiasis were diagnosed with infection. Screening for schistosomiasis should be encouraged for all potentially exposed travelers and especially for missionaries, volunteers, and expatriates.
E. coli Expression System for Identifying Folding Mutations of Human Adenosine Deaminase (2003)

Adenosine deaminase (ADA), a soluble zinc-containing enzyme of the purine nucleoside inter-conversion pathway, plays an essential role in the development of immune function. Most patients with inherited deficiency of ADA have severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). This is a fatal syndrome with onset in infancy that results from a depletion of all lymphocyte lineages owing to toxic effects of ADA substrates adenosine (Ado) and 2′-deoxyadenosine (dAdo). A milder immune deficiency (“delayed” or “late/adult” onset) also occurs, and some healthy children and adults have been identified through screening as lacking ADA in erythrocytes, while having variable ADA activity in their nucleated cells and cell lines (“partial ADA deficiency”). Although erythrocyte ADA activity is low in all patients, clinical severity correlates well with the level of erythrocyte dAdo nucleotides (dAXP, mainly dATP).
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control: A Reinforcement Learning Approach (2011)

Recently, improvements in sensing, communicating, and computing technologies have led to the development of driver-assistance systems (DASs). Such systems aim at helping drivers by either providing a warning to reduce crashes or doing some of the control tasks to relieve a driver from repetitive and boring tasks. Thus, for example, adaptive cruise control (ACC) aims at relieving a driver from manually adjusting his/her speed to maintain a constant speed or a safe distance from the vehicle in front of him/her. Currently, ACC can be improved through vehicle-to-vehicle communication, where the current speed and acceleration of a vehicle can be transmitted to the following vehicles by intervehicle communication. This way, vehicle-to-vehicle communication with ACC can be combined in one single system called cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC). This paper investigates CACC by proposing a novel approach for the design of autonomous vehicle controllers based on modern machine-learning techniques. More specifically, this paper shows how a reinforcement-learning approach can be used to develop controllers for the secure longitudinal following of a front vehicle. This approach uses function approximation techniques along with gradient-descent learning algorithms as a means of directly modifying a control policy to optimize its performance. The experimental results, through simulation, show that this design approach can result in efficient behavior for CACC.
Simultaneous Imaging of Molecular Rovibrational Nonequilibrium, Reactive Species, and Electric Field for Plasma-Assisted Chemistry (2021)

The Sandia-PRF has built a new capability for the low-temperature plasma community for the simultaneous imaging of molecular rotation/vibration nonequilibrium, electric field, and the distribution of OH radical and formaldehyde in reactive low temperature plasma systems. The system is currently investigating the plasma-assisted deflagration to detonation transition in a micro-combustor channel.
Modular Study of the Type III Effector Repertoire in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 Reveals a Matrix of Effector Interplay in Pathogenesis (2018)

The bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 suppresses the two-tiered innate immune system of Nicotiana benthamiana and other plants by injecting a complex repertoire of type III secretion effector (T3E) proteins. Effectorless polymutant DC3000D36E was used with a modularized system for native delivery of the 29 DC3000 T3Es singly and in pairs. Assays of the performance of this T3E library in N. benthamiana leaves revealed a matrix of T3E interplay, with six T3Es eliciting death and eight others variously suppressing the death activity of the six. The T3E library was also interrogated for effects on DC3000D36E elicitation of a reactive oxygen species burst, for growth in planta, and for T3Es that reversed these effects. Pseudomonas fluorescens and Agrobacterium tumefaciens heterologous delivery systems yielded notably different sets of death-T3Es. The DC3000D36E T3E library system highlights the importance of 13 T3Es and their interplay in interactions with N. benthamiana.
Study on Image Thinking in Higher Education (2016)

This paper has discussed what is Image Thinking in High education especially in Advanced Mathematics. At the same time, its four characteristicsthe relation between Image Thinking and Logical Thinking are given by some typical examples and intuitive graphics. Research shows that Cross Nature and Rich Culture of Image Thinking in Advanced Mathematics among them are the bright points of this paper. Therefore, Image Thinking should be strengthened for college students to cultivate Innovative Spirit in order to improve undergraduate teaching quality.
Niacin‐mediated Tace activation ameliorates CMT neuropathies with focal hypermyelination (2016)

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathies are highly heterogeneous disorders caused by mutations in more than 70 genes, with no available treatment. Thus, it is difficult to envisage a single suitable treatment for all pathogenetic mechanisms. Axonal Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) type III drives Schwann cell myelination and determines myelin thickness by ErbB2/B3-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway activation. Nrg1 type III is inhibited by the α-secretase Tace, which negatively regulates PNS myelination. We hypothesized that modulation of Nrg1 levels and/or secretase activity may constitute a unifying treatment strategy for CMT neuropathies with focal hypermyelination as it could restore normal levels of myelination. Here we show that in vivo delivery of Niaspan, a FDA-approved drug known to enhance TACE activity, efficiently rescues myelination in the Mtmr2<sup>-/-</sup> mouse, a model of CMT4B1 with myelin outfoldings, and in the Pmp22<sup>+/-</sup> mouse, which reproduces HNPP (hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies) with tomacula. Importantly, we also found that Niaspan reduces hypermyelination of Vim (vimentin)<sup>-/-</sup> mice, characterized by increased Nrg1 type III and Akt activation, thus corroborating the hypothesis that Niaspan treatment downregulates Nrg1 type III signaling.
Coronary artery bypass grafting via median sternotomy or lateral minithoracotomy (1999)

Objectives: In order to evaluate the benefit provided through less invasive surgical techniques for the treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease, a prospective clinical trial was started. Methods: Group 1 included 53 patients (38 males, 15 females, age 51–79 years, mean 62.8±6.1 years) receiving conventional bypass surgery, group 2 included 69 patients (59 male, 10 female, age 43–82 years, mean 61.9±8.6 years) receiving less invasive surgical procedure including minithoracotomy in combination with cardiopulmonary bypass. Results: No perioperative death occurred in the whole series of patients. Time of operation was 267±61 min in group 2 and 162.9±53.6 min in group 1. Intensive Care Unit stay was 1 day for both groups and Hospitalization 6.9±6.0 for group 1 and 7.5±2.6 days for group 2. Perioperative bleeding was less in group 2 (P>0.01). Back and chest pain assessment on postoperative day 3 showed less pain in group 2 (P<0.05). Three-month follow-up revealed ischemia in stress electrocardiogram in two patients (3.8%) in group 1 and in 2 patients (2.9%) in group 2. Coronary angiograms confirmed the stress ECG findings. There was one (1.4%) redo operation in group 2 and two (3.8%) in group 1. Conclusions: Both techniques are equal efficient. Even though time of operation is longer in patients receiving less invasive procedure, intensive care unit stay and hospitalization is exactly as long. Patients receiving minimally invasive surgery bleed less and have less pain early postoperatively.
Feature-aided global nearest pattern matching with non-Gaussian feature measurement errors (2009)

System-level discrimination performance for missile defense relies on how well data can be associated between participating sensors. Under the existing architecture, there may be a handover of tracks between two sensors in which tracks formed by one sensor are passed to another sensor to improve knowledge of the targets. The global nearest pattern matching (GNPM) problem is a mathematical programming formulation that has proven to be successful at correctly correlating tracks based solely on kinematic data from two sensors, while simultaneously removing inter-sensor bias and accounting for false tracks and missed detections. Despite this success, there is continued interest to improve correlation performance by exploiting feature data collected on targets. This paper addresses this issue by extending the GNPM formulation to account for feature observations whose measurement errors follow an arbitrary distribution. This is accomplished by augmenting the GNPM likelihood function to include a term representing the incremental likelihood of track-to-track assignments based solely on feature observations. Computational results are presented to illustrate the success of this approach.
FT-RUFT: A Performance and Fault-Tolerant Efficient Indirect Topology (2014)

Although performance is a key design issue of interconnection networks, fault-tolerance is becoming more important due to the large amount of components of large machines. In this paper, we focus on designing a simple indirect topology with both good performance and fault-tolerance properties. The idea is to take full advantage of the network resources consumed by the topology. To do that, starting from the RUFT topology, which is a simple UMIN topology that does not tolerate any link fault, we first duplicate injection and ejection links connecting these extra links in a particular way. The resulting topology tolerates 3 network link faults and also slightly increases performance with marginal increase in the network hardware cost. Most important, contrary to most of the available topologies, the topology is able to tolerate also faults in the links that connect to end-nodes. We also propose another topology that also duplicates network links, achieving 2x performance improvements and tolerating up to 7 network link faults. These results are better than the ones obtained by a BMIN with a similar amount of resources.
Analysis, Optimization, Control, and Learning of Cyber-Physical Systems (2021)

The overarching goal of the Information and Decision Science (IDS) Lab is to enhance understanding of complex systems and establish a holistic, multifaceted approach using scalable data and informatics to developing rigorous mathematical models and decentralized control algorithms for making engineering complex systems able to realize how to improve their performance over time while interacting with their environment. The emphasis is on applications related to connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), sociotechnical systems, energy and sustainable systems, smart cities and connected communities.
Modelling the main features of the Algarve coastal circulation during July 2004: A downscaling approach (2005)

This article presents a methodology for simulating the Algarve coastal circulation using realistic forcing (e.g. low-frequency circulation, tide, high-resolution atmospheric forcing). Low-frequency open boundary conditions are defined via a downscaling of the HYCOM-US operational solution for the Gulf of Cadiz. Atmospheric forcing is imposed using the MM5 high-resolution mesoscale model (9 km resolution near the coast). A 3-level nesting system based on the MOHID numerical system is implemented. The higher nesting level has a horizontal resolution of 0.02° along the Algarve coast. The methodology is first validated qualitatively. A comparison between the numerical results and the conceptual model of the circulation described in the literature is presented. A quantitative validation is also performed, based mainly on remote sensing data (sea surface temperature and altimetry) available for July 2004. The numerical system is able to reproduce many of the circulation features described in the literature (e.g. Azores current recirculation in the Gulf of Cadiz, the upwelling jet, Mediterranean Water undercurrent, Mediterranean Outflow splitting, generation of meddies) and observed with remote-sensing data (e.g. the signature in sea surface temperature (SST) during a regime of upwelling relaxation).