gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoreduction of 9,10-Anthraquinone Derivatives: Transient Spectroscopy and Effects of Alcohols and Amines on Reactivity in Solution¶ (2003)

The photoreduction of 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ), the 2-methyl, 2-ethyl, 2,3-dimethyl, 1,4-difluoro, 1-chloro and 1,8-dichloro derivatives as well as 1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydroanthraquinone, 1,2-benzanthraquinone and 6,13-pentacenequinone in nonaqueous solution at room temperature was studied by time-resolved UV-visible spectroscopy. Upon 308 nm excitation of AQ the triplet state reacts with alcohols and triethylamine (TEA). The rate constant of triplet quenching by amines is close to the diffusion-controlled limit. The semiquinone radical *QH/ Q*- is the main intermediate, and the half-life of the second-order decay kinetics depends significantly on the donor and the medium. Photoinduced charge separation after electron transfer from amines to the triplet state of AQ in acetonitrile and the subsequent charge recombination or neutralization also were measured by transient conductivity. The maximum quantum yield, lambdairr = 254 nm, of photoconversion into the strongly fluorescing 9,10-dihydroxyanthracenes is close to unity. The fluorescence with maximum at 460-480 nm and a lifetime of 20-30 ns disappears as a result of a complete recovery into AQ, when the dihydroxyanthracenes are exposed to oxygen. The mechanisms of photoreduction of parent AQ in acetonitrile by 2-propanol and in benzene and acetonitrile by TEA are discussed. The effects of AQ follow essentially the same pattern. The various functions of oxygen, e.g. (1) quenching of the triplet state; (2) quenching of the semiquinone radical, thereby forming HO2*/O2*- radicals; and (3) trapping of the dihydroxyanthracenes are outlined.
Selenomethionyl dihydrofolate reductase from Escherichia coli. Comparative biochemistry and 77Se nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. (1992)

The biosynthetic replacement of Met residues by selenomethionine (SeMet) facilitates the determination of three-dimensional structure by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (Yang, W., Hendrickson, W. A., Crouch, R.J., and Satow, Y. (1990) Science 249, 1398-1405). In an effort to examine any biochemical effects due to the replacement of Met residues by SeMet, we chose to compare the kinetic and binding properties of selenomethionyl dihydrofolate reductase with those of the wt enzyme. There are 5 Met residues in Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase with 2 located in the Met-20 loop, which is a sequence of residues forming a lid over the active site. Utilizing plasmid pWT8, which affords 10-15% soluble protein as E. coli dihydrofolate reductase, we readily isolated both the SeMet and wt enzymes from E. coli DL41 utilizing a novel purification protocol. Both enzymes exhibited essentially the same kinetic and binding properties, including specific activities (45 mumol/min/mg), Km (7,8-dihydrofolate = 0.39 microM; NADPH = 2.0 microM), kcat (13.5/s), and 1:1 noncovalent inhibitory binding ratios with methotrexate. The inhibitory effects of divalent and monovalent cations on activity were also assessed, with the SeMet-containing enzyme exhibiting a uniformly greater sensitivity than the wt enzyme. We conclude that the biochemical properties of dihydrofolate reductase are virtually unperturbed by SeMet inclusion. Analysis of SeMet dihydrofolate reductase by 77Se nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed five distinct resonances, thus indicating the potential value of this technique in employing selenium as a nonperturbing NMR probe of protein structure and function.
Synthesis of alpha et beta-aminoacides, building blocks for the preparation d'hétérocyles (2007)

International audience
ESA Athena WFI Onboard Electronics - Distributed Control and Data Processing (2020)

Within this paper, we describe architecture and functionality of the Wide Field Imager (WFI) control and data processing electronics. WFI is one of two scientific instruments of the next European X-ray observatory ATHENA whose development started five years ago. A conceptual design, development models and a number of technology development activities have been performed and results will be shown.
XVIII.—Diortho-substituted benzoic acids. Part III. Hydrolysis of substituted benzamides (1897)

J. J. Sudborough, P. G. Jackson and L. L. Lloyd, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1897, 71, 229 DOI: 10.1039/CT8977100229
Synthesis, X-Ray Crystal Structures, and Preliminary Antiproliferative Activities of New s-Triazine-hydroxybenzylidene Hydrazone Derivatives (2019)

We herein report a new small library of Schiff-base compounds that encompasses s-triazine and (2 or 4)-hydroxylbenzylidene derivatives. These compounds were synthesized through a hydrazone linkage connecting both the s-triazine and hydroxybenzylidene derivatives. The synthetic strategy adopted allowed the synthesis of the target compounds with excellent yields and purities as observed from their NMR ( 1 H and 13 C) and elemental analysis. Furthermore, 4f , 5b , and 5f were further confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction technique. The preliminary antiproliferative activities for the synthesized compounds were tested against two different cancer cell lines including breast cancer (MCF-7) and colon cancer (HCT-116). From the eighteen compounds, which have been examined, only two derivatives having piperidine moiety showed more selectivity against the two cell lines MCF-7 and HCT-116, while the others showed very weak activity. The position of the hydroxyl group in the benzylidine ring and the substituent on the s-triazine moiety has great effect on the activity of the prepared compounds. The IC 50 values for the two derivatives 4a and 5a evaluated against breast cancer cells, very close to those for the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin, are 27 µ M (13.3 µ g/mL), 17 µ M (8.4 µ g/mL), and 20 µ M (6 µ g/mL) for 4a , 5a , and cisplatin, respectively. These results propose the preliminary antiproliferative activity of these two derivatives may deserve further consideration for development of new derivatives as potent anticancer agents.
Anomalous laser deflection phenomenon based on the interaction of electro-optic and graded refractivity effects in Cu-doped KTa1−xNbxO3 crystal (2014)

An abnormal laser deflection phenomenon in a copper-doped KTa1−xNbxO3 (Cu:KTN) crystal is demonstrated in this Letter. A near-50 mrad beam deflection angle was observed when a voltage of 1.2 kV was applied to a Cu:KTN block with size of 2.8 mm × 1.2 mm × 7.5 mm at room temperature. The special features of this deflection phenomenon are that the laser beam deflection direction is perpendicular to the electric field direction, and the beam deflection angle remains unchanged when the electric field direction is reversed. The operating principle of the phenomenon is investigated and the origin of the deflection phenomenon is attributed to an interaction between the graded refractivity effect and the quadratic electro-optic effect of the crystal.
Safety and Efficacy of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Locoregional Recurrences After Prior Chemoradiation for Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma (2020)

<b>Purpose:</b> This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as salvage therapy for locally recurrent esophageal cancer. We hypothesized that SBRT would provide durable treated tumor control with minimal associated toxicity in patients with progressive disease after definitive radiation, chemotherapy, and surgical resection. <b>Methods:</b> This single-institution retrospective study assessed outcomes in patients who received SBRT for locoregional failure of esophageal cancer after initial curative-intent treatment. Only patients who had received neoadjuvant chemoradiation (≥41.4 Gy) for esophageal cancer were selected. Subsequent surgical resection was optional but institutional follow-up by an oncologist was required. The primary endpoints of this study were gastrointestinal and constitutional toxicity, scored with the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0. A secondary outcome, treated-tumor control, was assessed with RECIST v1.1. <b>Results:</b> Nine patients (11 locoregional recurrences) treated with SBRT were reviewed, with a median follow-up time of 10.5 months. Most patients initially presented with T3 (88.9%), N1 (55.6%), moderately differentiated (66.7%) adenocarcinoma (88.9%), and had received a median 50.4 Gy delivered over 28 fractions with concurrent carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy followed by surgical resection. Median time to recurrence was 16.3 months. Median total dose delivered by SBRT was 27.5 Gy (delivered in five fractions). Two patients experienced acute grade 1 fatigue and vomiting. No patient experienced grade 3 or higher toxicity. One patient experienced failure in the SBRT treatment field at 5.8 months after treatment and six patients developed distant failure. The median progression-free survival time for SBRT-treated tumors was 5.0 months, and median overall survival time was 12.9 months. <b>Conclusions:</b> This single-institution study demonstrated the feasibility of SBRT for locoregional recurrence of esophageal cancer with minimal treatment-related toxicity and high rates of treated tumor control. Prospective studies identifying ideal salvage SBRT candidates for locoregional failure as well as validating its safety are needed.
A novel fully water-soluble Cu(i) probe for fluorescence live cell imaging (2014)

A new Cu(I) probe (OBEP-CS1), bearing an alkyl-pyridinium moiety to get complete water solubility, was synthesized. Fluorescence titrations support copper binding and high selectivity in a water solution whereas formation of aggregates was excluded by DOSY experiments. The detection capability for intracellular Cu(I), especially localized in mitochondria, was demonstrated in differentiated neuroblastoma cells by confocal microscopy.
Unveiling Chemically Robust Bimetallic Squarate‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction (2022)

Abstract Here, this work reports an innovative strategy for the synthesis of chemically robust metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and applies them as catalysts for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). A bimetallic squarate‐based MOF (Sq‐MOF) with a zbr topology serves as an excellent platform for electrocatalytic OER owing to its open porous structure, high affinity toward water, and presence of catalytically active 1D metal hydroxide strips. By regulating the Ni 2+ content in a bimetallic squarate MOF system, the electrochemical structural stability toward OER can be improved. The screening of various metal ratios demonstrates that Ni 3 Fe 1 and Ni 2 Fe 1 Sq‐ zbr ‐MOFs show the best performance for electrocatalytic OER in terms of catalytic activity and structural stability. Ni 2 Fe 1 Sq‐ zbr ‐MOF shows a low overpotential of 230 mV (at 10 mA cm −2 ) and a small Tafel slope of 37.7 mV dec −1 , with an excellent long‐term electrochemical stability for the OER. Remarkably, these overpotential values of Ni 2 Fe 1 Sq‐ zbr ‐MOF are comparable with those of the best‐performing layered double hydroxide (LDH) systems and outperforms the commercially available noble‐metal‐based RuO 2 catalyst for OER under identical operational conditions.
All-fiber three-path Mach–Zehnder interferometer (1996)

We report the realization of a three-path Mach-Zehnder interferometer using single-mode fibers and two integrated 3 x 3 fiber couplers. We observed enhanced phase sensitivity, as compared with two-path interferometers, with a visibility of the interference pattern of more than 97%. This interferometer has an analog in two-photon interferometry, and we believe it to be the first nontrivial example of N x N multiport interferometers.
DEVELOPMENTAL EXPRESSION OF CATENINS AND ASSOCIATED PROTEINS DURING SUBMUCOSAL GLAND MORPHOGENESIS IN THE AIRWAY (2001)

Although lymphoid enhancer binding factor-1 (Lef-1) plays an obligatory role in airway submucosal gland (SMG) development, its expression alone is not an adequate signal for initiating gland morphogenesis. Because Lef-1 forms a bipartite transcription factor with beta-catenin to mediate wnt pathway signaling, we investigated the expression of beta-catenin and associated proteins during SMG development with both in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. Unexpectedly, high levels of E-cadherin mRNA were expressed by cells in developing gland buds from the earliest stages through subsequent differentiation into mature glands. In contrast, a decreased level of E-cadherin immunoreactivity in stage I gland bud cells suggested that post-translational modulation of E-cadherin protein levels may play a critical role in early stages of gland morphogenesis. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mRNA was expressed relatively weakly in the developing ferret trachea, but higher levels of protein staining were observed throughout the cytoplasm of gland buds and surface epithelial cells. B-Catenin mRNA was abundantly expressed throughout the tracheal epithelium and at the highest levels in primordial gland buds. B-Catenin protein localized to the basolateral membranes of all airway epithelial cell types. However, no detectable increases in nuclear or cytoplasmic staining were associated with gland buds, as would be expected if beta-catenin served as a transcriptional cofactor for Lef-1 in gland morphogenesis. Additional studies demonstrated the gamma-catenin distribution to be remarkably similar to that of beta-catenin, whereas alpha-catenin staining was more diffuse in the cytoplasm of airway epithelial and gland bud cells. These descriptive results do not rule out a role for wnt signaling in SMG development , but provide no evidence that beta-catenin, or gamma-catenin, is a cofactor in Lef-1 regulation of SMG development.
Verification of delayed-reset domino circuits using ATACS (2003)

This paper discusses the application of the timing analysis tool ATACS to the high performance, self-resetting and delayed-reset domino circuits being designed at IBM's Austin Research Laboratory. The tool, which was originally developed to deal with asynchronous circuits, is well suited to the self-resetting style since internally, a block of self-resetting or delayed-reset domino logic is asynchronous. The circuits are represented using timed event/level structures. These structures correspond very directly to gate level circuits, making the translation from a transistor schematic to a TEL structure straightforward. The state-space explosion problem is mitigated using an algorithm based on partially ordered sets (POSETs). Results on a number of circuits from the recently published guTS (gigahertz unit Test Site) processor from IBM indicate that modules of significant size can be verified with ATACS using a level of abstraction that preserves the interesting timing properties of the circuit. Accurate circuit level verification allows the designer to include less margin in the design, which can lead to increased performance.
Performance of Cleared Blood Glucose Monitor Systems (2018)

Many blood glucose monitor systems (BGMs) do not pass international standards of accuracy, even when they have been previously cleared by the FDA. Patients rely on BGM data to make treatment decisions, and inaccuracy can lead to reduced glycemic control and insulin dosing errors. In order to assess the accuracy of these BGMs and identify trends that might explain these results, we performed a literature review of publications between 2010 and 2017 that present data about the accuracy of BGMs using ISO 15197 2003 and/or ISO 15197 2013 as target standards. We found 58 publications describing the performance of 143 unique BGM systems, 59 of which were FDA-cleared. When compared with non-FDA cleared BGMs, FDA-cleared BGMs were significantly more likely to pass both the ISO 15197 2003 (OR= 2.39, CI: 1.45-3.92, p&amp;lt;0.01) and ISO 15197 2013 standards (OR= 2.20, CI: 1.51-3.27, p&amp;lt;0.01). We also found that newer meters were more likely to pass each ISO standard for both ISO 15197 2003 (OR: 1.06, CI: 1.06-1.07, p&amp;lt;0.001, odds ratio reported for a one-year period) and ISO 15197 2013 standards (OR=1.06, CI: 1.03-1.06, p&amp;lt;0.01, odds ratio reported for a one year period). Newer meters tend to favor using the test strip enzyme glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) compared to glucose oxidase (GOX), which correlates to an increased likelihood of passing ISO 15197 2003 (OR=0.23, CI: 0.13-0.38, p&amp;lt;0.001) and ISO 15197 2013 (OR=0.24, CI: 0.15-0.35, p&amp;lt;0.001). We note that many of these studies were supported by BGM manufacturers, and when compared with independent studies, an FDA-cleared BGM was significantly more likely to pass in a manufacturer-supported study for both ISO 15197 2003 (OR=22.4, CI: 8.73-21.57, p &amp;lt; 0.001) and ISO 15197 2013 (OR=23.08, CI: 10.16-60.03, p &amp;lt; 0.001). We conclude that BGM accuracy should be assessed independently, both prior to FDA clearance and again during additional surveillance studies, to ensure accurate performance over time in real-world settings. Failure to do so can result in deleterious clinical and economic effects. Disclosure F.G. King: None. D.T. Ahn: None. V. Hsiao: None. T. Porco: None. D.C. Klonoff: Consultant; Self; Ascensia Diabetes Care, Lifecare, Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Voluntis USA, Novo Nordisk Inc., Onduo, Trividia Health, Inc., American Diabetes Association, The Endocrine Society, American Association of Diabetes Educators.
De-ghosting for Image Stitching with Automatic Content-Awareness (2010)

Ghosting artifact in the field of image stitching is a common problem and the elimination of it is not an easy task. In this paper, we propose an intuitive technique according to a stitching line based on a novel energy map which is essentially a combination of gradient map which indicates the presence of structures and prominence map which determines the attractiveness of a region. We consider a region is of significance only if it is both structural and attractive. Using this improved energy map, the stitching line can easily skirt around the moving objects or salient parts based on the philosophy that human eyes mostly notice only the salient features of an image. We compare result of our method to those of 4 state-of-the-art image stitching methods and it turns out that our method outperforms the 4 methods in removing ghosting artifacts.
Exercise Training Modulates Gut Microbiota Profile and Improves Endotoxemia (2019)

Intestinal substrate uptake associates with gut microbiota composition and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Exercise training improves gut microbiota profiles and reduces endotoxemia.
447 On Characteristics of Acoustic Field with Irregular Boundary (2008)

In the present study, characteristics of the acoustic field in an enclosure bounded by fractal walls are investigated using Cellular Automata (CA). CA is a discrete system which consists of finite state variables arranged on uniform grid (cell). The dynamics of CA is expressed by temporary updating the states of cells according to the local interaction rules, defined among a cell and its neighbors. In this paper, the influence of fractal shaped boundary structure to the reverberation and sound absorption characteristics of an enclosure is investigated for two dimensional acoustic wave propagation model described by CA. Local rules are provided for the construction of fractal patterns as well as representation of wave propagation phenomena. It is known by the numerical simulations that the damping enhancement and also frequency-selective absorbing behavior is seen for specific fractal patterns and stage numbers.
Consequences of postnatal vascular smooth muscle EGFR deletion on acute angiotensin II action (2015)

Epi dermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) is activated by its canonical ligands and transactivated by various vasoactive substances, e.g. angiotensin II (Ang II). Vascular EGFR has been proposed to be involved in vascular tissue homoeostasis and remodelling. Thus, most studies have focused on its role during long-term vascular changes whereas the relevance for acute regulation of vascular function in vivo and ex vivo is insufficiently understood. To investigate the postnatal role of VSMCs (vascular smooth muscle cells) EGFR in vivo and ex vivo, we generated a mouse model with cell-specific and inducible deletion of VSMC EGFR and studied the effect on basal blood pressure, acute pressure response to, among others, Ang II in vivo as well as ex vivo, cardiovascular tissue homoeostasis and vessel morphometry in male mice. In knockout (KO) animals, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures were reduced compared with wild-type (WT). Furthermore, Ang II-induced pressure load was lower in KO animals, as was Ang II-induced force development and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation in aortic rings from KO animals. By contrast, we observed no difference in force development during application of serotonin, KCl, endothelin-1 or endothelin-1-induced pressure load in KO animals. In addition, nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation was not affected. Heart weight (HW) increase and up-regulation of aortic and cardiac expression of Ccl2 (chemoattractant protein-2) and serpinE1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1) during the transition from 4- to 10-months of age were prevented by VSMC EGFR KO. We conclude that VSMC EGFR is involved in basal blood pressure homoeostasis and acute pressure response to Ang II, and thereby contributes to maturation-related remodelling.
<title>Comparison between PARMELA and ARGUS simulations of photoinjector cavities</title> (1999)

This paper presents the results of simulations for the photoinjector Radio Frequency (RF) cavities of the 1 kW visible FEL currently under construction at the FEL Boeing laboratory in Seattle (WA). The simulations were performed using PARMELA, a particle 'pusher' code developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the pic code ARGUS developed at S.A.I.C. The results indicate that, for the system under consideration, at low charge (less than 5.0 nC) the agreement between the codes is good. The space charge effects are incompletely accounted by PARMELA at charge (greater than 5.0 nC). The results of this work clearly establish the region of applicability of the PARMELA code for photo-injector cavities of the 1 kW visible FEL.
Risk of endoscopic biliary interventions in primary sclerosing cholangitis is similar between patients with and without cirrhosis (2018)

In patients with PSC, cirrhosis was not a risk factor for post-ERC complications. Therefore, cirrhosis should not preclude endoscopic intervention in patients with clear clinical indication.
Vibration welding of alpha and beta isotactic polypropylenes: Mechanical properties and structure (2008)

Propylene homo-and copolymers (both random and block types) with and without beta nucleation were injection moulded and the related plaques joined by linear vibration welding. The melt flow index (MFI) of the polypropylenes was different. During vibration welding the pressure has been varied (0.5, 2 and 8 MPa). The properties of the welded plaques were determined under both static (tensile) and dynamic conditions (Charpy impact). It was found that the mechanical performance of the welds could strongly be improved when beta nucleated PP plaques were combined with each other. In other combinations the 'weaker' alpha modification controls the mechanical response. The supermolecular structure of the weld was assessed by polarised light microscopy using thin microtomed sections. Formations of the weld morphology along with its effects on the mechanical performance were discussed.