gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D face modeling, analysis and recognition (2013)

3D Face Modeling, Analysis and Recognition presents methodologies for analyzing shapes of facial surfaces, develops computational tools for analyzing 3D face data, and illustrates them using state-of-the-art applications. The methodologies chosen are based on efficient representations, metrics, comparisons, and classifications of features that are especially relevant in the context of 3D measurements of human faces. These frameworks have a long-term utility in face analysis, taking into account the anticipated improvements in data collection, data storage, processing speeds, and application s
Characterizing efficiency of human robot interaction: a case study of shared-control teleoperation (2003)

Human-robot interaction is becoming an increasingly important research area. In this paper, we present a theoretical characterization of interaction efficiency with an aim towards designing a human-robot system with adjustable robot autonomy. In our approach, we analyze how modifying robot control schemes for a given autonomy mode can increase system performance and decrease workload demands on the human operator. We then perform a case study of the design of a shared-control teleoperation scheme and compare interaction efficiency against a traditional manual-control teleoperation scheme.
Potential therapeutic targets of Guggulsterone in cancer (2017)

Natural compounds capable of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells have always been of considerable interest as potential anti-cancer agents. Many such compounds are under screening and development with their potential evolution as a clinical drug benefiting many of the cancer patients. Guggulsterone (GS), a phytosterol isolated gum resin of the tree <i>Commiphora mukul</i> has been widely used in Indian traditional medicine as a remedy for various diseses. GS has been shown to possess cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic potential as established by in vitro and in vivo studies. GS has been shown to target constitutively activated survival pathways such as PI3-kinase/AKT, JAK/STAT, and NFκB signaling pathways that are involved in the regulation of growth and inflammatory responses <i>via</i> regulation of antiapoptotic and inflammatory genes. The current review focuses on the molecular targets of GS, cellular responses, and the animal model studies in various cancers. The mechanistic action of GS in different types of cancers also forms a part of this review. The perspective of translating this natural compound into a clinically approved drug with its pros and cons is also discussed.
Magnetic properties of Fe-N/Al-N multilayered films prepared by ion-assist sputtering (1991)

Fe-N/Al-N multilayered films have been prepared by dual-ion-beam sputtering. The influences of nitrogen incorporation into Fe/Al multilayered films and the effects of postannealing on the soft magnetic properties have been investigated. For the multilayered films composed of Fe-N and Al-N layers with thickness of 100 and 20 Å, respectively, coercivity of about 1 Oe and relative permeability of 2500 was attained by incorporating the proper content of nitrogen into each layer during deposition and then postannealing the films at 150 °C. Fe-N/Al-N multilayered films prepared by the ion-assist sputtering technique used in this study may be useful as excellent soft magnetic materials.
Validation of hydrogen fluoride measurements made by the Halogen Occultation Experiment from the UARS platform (1996)

The hydrogen fluoride (HF) molecule is important as a tracer and for study of chlorine input to the stratosphere due to CFC's. This paper describes the characteristics of and data from the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) HF channel, including steps taken to validate the results. The on‐orbit precision of the HF measurements is shown to be better than 0.04 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) to 0.06 ppbv throughout the stratosphere. The estimated accuracy is 14% to 27% depending on altitude. The internal consistency of the HF measurements is excellent as judged by sunrise/sunset differences and comparison with HALOE CH 4 distributions. The mean difference between HALOE HF and correlative balloon underflight measurements is &lt;7% from 5 mbar to 50 mbar. Comparisons with the shuttle ATLAS 1 Atmospheric Trace Molecules Observed by Spectroscopy (ATMOS) data are not as good and there is a systematic difference between HALOE (smaller) and ATMOS (larger) ranging from 10% to 20% at altitudes above the 10‐mbar pressure level. Differences with ATMOS reach as much as 40% or more below the 10‐mbar level. The larger differences in this region are believed to be due to dynamical influences on HF coupled with wide separations in space and time between HALOE and ATMOS measurements. Analysis of HALOE HF pressure versus longitude cross sections shows that obtaining close space and time coincidence can be very important in comparing tracer distributions. Typical characteristics of a pressure versus latitude cross section and polar orthographic projection are also discussed. Comparisons with latitudinal distributions of tracer measurements from previous experiments show similar features like the tropical double minimum due to the semiannual oscillation. All comparisons and analyses conducted provide good confidence in the validity of the HALOE HF results.
QoS-aware routing based on bandwidth estimation for mobile ad hoc networks (2005)

Routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) have been explored extensively in recent years. Much of this work is targeted at finding a feasible route from a source to a destination without considering current network traffic or application requirements. Therefore, the network may easily become overloaded with too much traffic and the application has no way to improve its performance under a given network traffic condition. While this may be acceptable for data transfer, many real-time applications require quality-of-service (QoS) support from the network. We believe that such QoS support can be achieved by either finding a route to satisfy the application requirements or offering network feedback to the application when the requirements cannot be met. We propose a QoS-aware routing protocol that incorporates an admission control scheme and a feedback scheme to meet the QoS requirements of real-time applications. The novel part of this QoS-aware routing protocol is the use of the approximate bandwidth estimation to react to network traffic. Our approach implements these schemes by using two bandwidth estimation methods to find the residual bandwidth available at each node to support new streams. We simulate our QoS-aware routing protocol for nodes running the IEEE 802.11 medium access control. Results of our experiments show that the packet delivery ratio increases greatly, and packet delay and energy dissipation decrease significantly, while the overall end-to-end throughput is not impacted, compared with routing protocols that do not provide QoS support.
Increased throughput and ultra-high mass resolution in DESI FT-ICR MS imaging through new-generation external data acquisition system and advanced data processing approaches (2019)

Desorption electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) is a powerful imaging technique for the analysis of complex surfaces. However, the often highly complex nature of biological samples is particularly challenging for MSI approaches, as options to appropriately address molecular complexity are limited. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) offers superior mass accuracy and mass resolving power, but its moderate throughput inhibits broader application. Here we demonstrate the dramatic gains in mass resolution and/or throughput of DESI-MSI on an FT-ICR MS by developing and implementing a sophisticated data acquisition and data processing pipeline. The presented pipeline integrates, for the first time, parallel ion accumulation and detection, post-processing absorption mode Fourier transform and pixel-by-pixel internal re-calibration. To achieve that, first, we developed and coupled an external high-performance data acquisition system to an FT-ICR MS instrument to record the time-domain signals (transients) in parallel with the instrument's built-in electronics. The recorded transients were then processed by the in-house developed computationally-efficient data processing and data analysis software. Importantly, the described pipeline is shown to be applicable even to extremely large, up to 1 TB, imaging datasets. Overall, this approach provides improved analytical figures of merits such as: (i) enhanced mass resolution at no cost in experimental time; and (ii) up to 4-fold higher throughput while maintaining a constant mass resolution. Using this approach, we not only demonstrate the record 1 million mass resolution for lipid imaging from brain tissue, but explicitly show such mass resolution is required to resolve the complexity of the lipidome.
Abstract 428: Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I Is Required for Protection by High-Density Lipoprotein Against Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis in Both Mouse and Human Cardiomyocytes and Cardiotoxicity in Mice (2014)

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a clinically used anti-tumor drug that induces cardiotoxicity. HDL protects against DOX induced apoptosis in isolated cardiomyocytes, though the pathways of protection are not well known. The scavenger receptor class B type I (SRBI) is a high affinity HDL receptor, and its absence in atherogenic mice leads to occlusive CAD and MI, though a direct role for SRBI in cardiomyocytes has yet to be studied. Here we utilized both in vitro cell culture and in vivo mouse models to assess whether SRBI is required for HDL induced protection against DOX induced cardiotoxicity. Mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes were isolated from C57Bl6 and SRBI KO hearts. SRBI was knocked down in SV40 immortalized human ventricular cardiomyocytes using siRNA. All cells were treated as follows: 24h lipoprotein starvation, 24h ±100μg/ml HDL, and 6h ±1μM DOX. Cells were then assessed for apoptosis. Secondly, male C57Bl6 or SRBI KO mice were injected i.p. with 5mg/kg DOX or saline by 5 weekly. Plasma was assessed for cardiac troponin-T. Heart sections were assessed for apoptosis and examined histologically. HDL protected against DOX-induced apoptosis in both C57Bl6 mouse cardiomyocytes (7.7±5.0 vs 23.7±1.8% apoptotic cardiomyocytes n=3 p&lt;.05), and in immortalized human ventricular cardiomyocytes (6.7±2.1 vs 24.5±4.8% apoptotic cardiomyocytes n=3 p&lt;.05). Conversely, HDL was unable to protect against DOX induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes from SRBI KO mice (37.4±6.8 vs 35.5±8.3% apoptotic cardiomyocytes, n=3 p&lt;.05), or immortalized human cardiomyocytes transfected with siSRBI (27.2±8.9 vs 31.3±3.7% apoptotic cardiomyocytes n=3 p&lt;.05). In vivo studies showed that SR-BI KO hearts are more sensitive to DOX as shown by increased apoptosis (6.9±0.6 vs 3.9±0.7% apoptotic cardiomyocytes n=5/group p&lt;.05) and greater plasma cardiac troponin T levels (1.7±0.3 vs 1.3±0.04ng/ml n=5/group p&lt;.05). Hearts from DOX treated SRBI KO mice also exhibited greater myofibrillar loss, vacuolization, and inflammatory cell infiltration compared to C57Bl6 hearts. Our results indicate that SRBI mediates HDL induced protection in both mouse and human cardiomyocytes. We show here that SRBI is an important factor for the protection of the heart as a whole against DOX induced cardiotoxicity.
Classification of Psychotropic Drugs Based on Pharmaco-electrocorticographic Studies in Vigilance-Controlled Rats (1993)

The effects of a number of psycho-active drugs on electrocorticographic activity (ECoG) of the rat have been studied. Frontoparietal ECoG was recorded during 6-min periods immediately before drug/vehicle administration and starting at 20 and 45 min after administration. For each 6-min recording time, a mean power spectrum was calculated and smoothed. A quotient of the power at 20 and 45 min after and before drug, respectively, was then calculated. These quotients were used as input for an analysis of variance, followed by a t test and a normalization for the degrees of freedom, resulting in so-called n-profiles. Although each drug has its own characteristic n-profile, n-profiles of drugs belonging to the same clinical class have some characteristics in common. An automated classification system of psychotropic drugs, based on parameters extracted from n-profiles by discriminant analysis, is presented. For the antidepressant drug class the success rate of correct classification of antidepressant drugs is between 53 and 88%, for a neuroleptic drug in the neuroleptic drug class the success rate is 87%, for an anxiolytic drug in the anxiolytic drug class 100% and for a psychostimulant drug in the psychostimulant drug class between 86 and 100%. For a reliable classification of a drug about 10 n-profiles of active doses are needed. Using n-profiles, it appeared also possible to discriminate between antidepressant, neuroleptic, anxiolytic and psychostimulant drugs based on visual judgement. Moreover, visual evaluation of the n-profiles enables 4 subclasses to be recognized within the antidepressant class, 2 subclasses within the neuroleptic and 2 subclasses within the anxiolytic class.
The Effects of Tibial Malrotation on the Biomechanics of the Tibiotalar Joint (2002)

The effects of tibial malrotation on the biomechanics of the tibiotalar joint were studied using a cadaveric model loaded in an Instron 8521 materials testing device and a TEKScan I-Scan thin-film resistive ink pressure measuring system. Testing of 23 legs was performed using rotational conditions of 10 and 20 degrees internal and external rotation as well as neutral rotation. All rotational conditions were found to decrease joint contact area. Peak pressures were significantly greater with 20 degrees internal rotation as well as 20 degrees external rotation. Total load across the joint was significantly lower for both 10 and 20 degrees of external rotation. In conclusion, rotational deformity across the tibiotalar joint results in significant alteration of overall joint biomechanics and should be minimized whenever possible.
Cloning, genomic organization, and chromosomal localization of human cathepsin L. (1993)

Cathepsin L is a lysosomal cysteine protease whose expression and secretion is induced by malignant transformation, growth factors, and tumor promoters. Many human tumors express high levels of cathepsin L, which is a broad spectrum protease with potent elastase and collagenase activities. Two published human cathepsin L cDNA sequences differ only in their 5'-untranslated regions. In this study, we demonstrate the concurrent expression of two distinct human cathepsin L mRNAs (hCATL-A and hCATL-B) in adenocarcinoma, hepatoma, and renal cancer cell lines. Cloning of the human cathepsin L gene by polymerase chain reaction amplification of genomic DNA and subsequent sequencing reveals that hCATL-A and hCATL-B mRNAs are encoded by a single gene. The 3' end of the first intron contains the 5' portion of hCATL-B and is contiguous to the second exon of the gene. These data suggest either the possibility of alternative splicing or the presence of a second promoter within the first intron of the hCATL gene. We mapped the hCATL gene to chromosome 9q21-22. Sequencing of both the mouse and human cathepsin L genes demonstrates almost complete conservation of exon and intron position, but significant divergence in intron structure, possibly reflecting differences in regulation of expression of the mouse and human cathepsin L genes.
Crizotinib-induced antitumour activity in human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cells is not solely dependent on ALK and MET inhibition (2015)

These results provide a further insight into the molecular mechanisms affected by crizotinib in ARMS cells inferring that it could be a useful therapeutic tool in ARMS cancer treatment.
A Nonsynonymous Polymorphism of IRAK4 Associated with Increased Prevalence of Gram-Positive Infection and Decreased Response to Toll-Like Receptor Ligands (2011)

Mutations in IRAK4 have been associated with recurrent Gram-positive infections in children. Given the central role of IRAK4 in innate immunity signaling, we hypothesized that common genetic variants of IRAK4 may be associated with prevalence of Gram-positive infection in critically ill adults. Haplotype clade tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IRAK4 gene were selected and genotyped in a cohort of 1,029 critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). We found that a haplotype clade tagged by the A allele of the htSNP G29429A (Ala428Thr) was associated with increased relative risk of Gram-positive infection at admission to ICU (RR = 1.2, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the 29429A allele was associated with decreased lymphoblastoid cell response to CpG (as measured by IL-6 production) (raw values ± 95% CI 40.3 ± 32.3 vs. 85.8 ± 29.4 pg/ml; log-transformed values ± 95% CI 1.13 ± 0.37 vs. 1.55 ± 0.18, p < 0.04). We also found that IRAK4-deficient fibroblasts transfected with an IRAK4 expression plasmid containing the 29429A allele produced less IL-6 in response to lipopolysaccharide (p = 0.07). Our data suggest that the IRAK4 haplotype clade marked by 29429A (428Thr) alters susceptibility to Gram-positive bacteria, by decreasing cellular response to TLR ligands.
Report of the Workshop on Semantic Heterogeneity and Interpolation in multidatabase Systems (1993)

This report presents a review of the problems that were discussed during the Workshop on Semantic Heterogeneity and Interoperability in Multidatabase Systems. The workshop participants discussed the importance of interoperation in the U S WEST information processing environment and the progress that has been achieved in three major research areas: resolution of semantic heterogeneity among cooperating heterogeneous systems, transaction management in such environments, and software architecture for interoperation. The workshop provided researchers with necessary feedback from the industrial perspective and helped in identifying the major issues that need further research. The following problems concerning the applicability of the methods proposed for data processing in the heterogeneous, autonomous information systems have been identified: (i) many of the assumptions made in the research community are too restrictive to make the results directly applicable to existing environments; (ii) performance ramifications of various heterogeneous architectures need to be understood; (iii) the prototype systems need to be put to the test with real data, schemas, and transaction streams to verify their utility.
SeaWiFS-2: an ocean color data continuity mission to address climate change (2009)

Existing ocean color sensors are near or beyond the end of their mission lives and there will likely be a gap in climate quality Environmental Data Records (EDRs) until planned missions are launched. GeoEye's OrbView2 satellite with the SeaWiFS sensor has provided a 11+ year climatology of global chlorophyll a and other EDRs important for climate change and global warming studies. Upcoming sensors will not provide sufficient accuracy to provide continuity for the EDR time series and global monitoring. A 'stop-gap' mission is required, and we propose using the existing spare SeaWiFS sensor and a dedicated mission.
Influence of shallow traps on time-resolved optically stimulated luminescence measurements of Al2O3:C,Mg (2011)

The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of shallow traps on the signals from Al2O3:C,Mg obtained using time-resolved optically stimulated luminescence (TR-OSL) measurements through experiments and numerical simulations. TR-OSL measurements of Al2O3:C,Mg were carried out and the resulting optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) curves were investigated as a function of the temperature. The numerical simulations were carried out using the rate-equations for a simplified model of Al2O3:C,Mg containing two types of luminescence centers with different luminescence lifetimes and three types of electron traps (a shallow trap, a main dosimetric trap, and a thermally disconnected deep trap). Both experimental results and simulations show that the OSL signals during and between the stimulation pulses are affected by the presence of shallow traps. However, with an appropriate choice of timing parameters, the influence of shallow traps can be reduced by calculating the difference between the signals during and between stimulation pulses. Therefore, TR-OSL can be useful in dosimetry using materials having a large concentration of shallow traps and OSL components with short luminescence lifetimes, for example Al2O3:C,Mg and BeO. Our results also show that the presence of shallow traps has to be taken into account when using the TR-OSL for discrimination between luminescence centers with different luminescence lifetimes, or separation between the OSL from different materials based on their characteristic luminescence lifetimes. The experimental results also show evidence of thermal assistance in the OSL process of Al2O3:C,Mg.
동,청소년기에 성폭력을 경험한 피해생존자에 대한 질적연구 (2010)

본 연구의 목적은 아동·청소년기에 성폭력으로 인한 피해를 경험한 사람들을 이해하고자 하는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 연구자는 아동·청소년기에 성폭력을 경험한 사람들을 직접 만나서 그들의 목소리에 귀를 기울이는 전략을 선택하였다. 즉, 현상을 경험한 사람들의 주관적인 의미구조를 탐구하였으며, 이를 위해 질적연구 접근을 시도하였다. 구체적으로 아동·청소년기에 성폭력 경험이 있는 6명의 여성과 심층면접을 하여 자료를 수집하고, 수집된 자료를 가지고 범주화분석과 재분석을 실시하였다. 최종적으로 발견된 주제들은 `일상에서 벗어난 그날, 말할 수 없는 공포감: 어느 날 갑자기 왜 하필 이런 일이`, `의식하지 않으려고 발버둥침: 말 못할 고통, 말할수 없어서, 나는 왜 이럴까? 난 내가 싫어`, `잊었다고 끝이 아니었어: 말하면 괜찮을까?, 의식하게 됨, 더 심해진 혼란들`, `내 잘못이 아니라는 것은 알지만: 내면화된 사회통념들, 여성성에 대한 부정, 혼란과 회복` 등이 있었다. 연구결과에 근거하여 아동·청소년기에 성폭력을 경험한 여성들을 돕기 위한 실천지침을 제시하였으며, 후속연구에 대해서도 제언하였다.
10th NCI‐EORTC Symposium on New Drugs in Cancer Therapy: Dutch Treat Revisited (1998)

Scientific meetings, like living organisms, tend to evolve over time. For example, the yearly ASCO meeting, which began as a small American academic oncology gathering emphasizing clinical research, has grown into a large, international forum which increasingly emphasizes best standard of care and reimbursement issues [Editor's note: see ASCO review by Chabner, Friedberg in this issue, page 263]. One meeting which has remained true to its initial mission is the NCI-EORTC Symposium on New Drugs in Cancer Therapy which occurs every two years in Amsterdam. Originally organized to help coordinate phase I cancer drug development between the United States and Europe, the meeting fills an important scientific niche. Largely because of the clinical trials standards which have been shared in this forum, phase I data from Europe are now used to launch phase II cancer trials in the United States. Today, the meeting focus-really, the meeting's challenge-remains cancer drug development in Europe and the United States.