gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polymeric infrared reflective thin films with ultra-broad bandwidth (2016)

A polymeric liquid crystalline film was fabricated by photo-induced diffusion and mesogenic phase structural transition of photopolymerisable acrylate monomer mixtures that presented phase transition between cholesteric (Ch) and smectic (SmA) phases. By controlling the curing temperature to be close to SmA–Ch phase transition, a novel architecture that combined Ch and SmA-like short-range ordering (SSO) nanostructures was obtained, which reflected light with the wavelength from 0.5 to 11.5 µm. Experimental results showed that the existence of UV-absorbing dye and curing temperature were critical for the creation of asymmetrical super wide pitch gradient distribution. Moreover, the reflection wavelength and bandwidth of the cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) films were tuneable by adjusting proportion of the compounds, and the bandwidth could be broadened up to 13 μm. It was expected to have great potential applications in fields like architectural energy conservation or infrared-stealth.
Table S3 from Sex-Based Dimorphism of Anticancer Immune Response and Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Evasion (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S3&lt;/p&gt;
Hypocholesteremic agents. I. Substituted stilbazoles and dihydrostilbazoles (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHypocholesteremic agents. I. Substituted stilbazoles and dihydrostilbazolesFrank J. Villani, Claire A. Ellis, Robert F. Tavares, Merl Steinberg, and Sibylle TolksdorfCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1970, 13, 3, 359–366Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00297a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00297a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views82Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A stable adaptive structure for delta modulation with improved performance (2002)

We propose and study an adaptive delta modulator that has improved SNR performance and robustness in tracking highly varying signals. The step-size adaptation used in this modulator is based on information about the absolute value of the quantizer input. The modulator is shown to be free of zero-input limit cycles and is BIBO stable.
Electron emission from nitrogen-doped pyramidal-shape diamond and its battery operation (1997)

Although the low-threshold emission from polycrystalline diamond heavily doped with nitrogen has been proposed in our previous report, this is the first report on a practical diamond cold cathode, having pyramidal-shape array structure, promising for battery-driven flat panel displays. We have used urea [(NH3)2CO] as a dopant and grown diamond using hot filament chemical vapor deposition technique, and the mold-based technique is used in order to obtain the pyramidal-shape array structure. The obtained pyramids are identified as diamond from the results of Auger electron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The turn-on field as low as 0.2–0.3 V/μm and the remarkably high stability in the emission properties have been confirmed. In addition, the battery operation of the cathode has been demonstrated.
Science@NASA: Direct to People! (2002)

Science@NASA is a science communication effort sponsored by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center. It is the result of a four year research project between Marshall, the University of Florida College of Journalism and Communications and the internet communications company, Bishop Web Works. The goals of Science@NASA are to inform, inspire, and involve people in the excitement of NASA science by bringing that science directly to them. We stress not only the reporting of the facts of a particular topic, but also the context and importance of the research. Science@NASA involves several levels of activity from academic communications research to production of content for 6 websites, in an integrated process involving all phases of production. A Science Communications Roundtable Process is in place that includes scientists, managers, writers, editors, and Web technical experts. The close connection between the scientists and the writers/editors assures a high level of scientific accuracy in the finished products. The websites each have unique characters and are aimed at different audience segments: 1. http://science.nasa.gov. (SNG) Carries stories featuring various aspects of NASA science activity. The site carries 2 or 3 new stories each week in written and audio formats for science-attentive adults. 2. http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov. Features stories from SNG that are recast for a high school level audience. J-Track and J-Pass applets for tracking satellites are our most popular product. 3. http://kids. msfc.nasa.gov. This is the Nursemaids site and is aimed at a middle school audience. The NASAKids Club is a new feature at the site. 4. http://www.thursdaysclassroom.com . This site features lesson plans and classroom activities for educators centered around one of the science stories carried on SNG. 5. http://www.spaceweather.com. This site gives the status of solar activity and its interactions with the Earth's ionosphere and magnetosphere.
Analysis of Lithium Insertion/Deinsertion in a Silicon Electrode Particle at Room Temperature (2010)

The dependence of the open-circuit potential on the state of charge in lithium insertion electrodes is usually measured at equilibrium conditions. For the modeling of lithium–silicon electrodes at room temperature, the use of a pseudo-thermodynamic potential vs composition curve based on metastable amorphous phase transitions with path dependence is proposed. Volume changes during lithium insertion/deinsertion in a single silicon electrode particle under potentiodynamic control are modeled and compared with experiments to provide justification for the same. Only if asymmetric transfer coefficients and sluggish kinetics are experimentally observed can kinetic hysteresis be reasoned for the potential gap in Li–Si system. The particle model enables one to analyze the influence of diffusion in the solid phase, particle size, and kinetic parameters without interference from other components in a practical porous electrode. Concentration profiles within the electrode particle under galvanostatic control are investigated. Sluggish kinetics is established from cyclic voltammograms at different scan rates. This work stresses the need for accurate experimental determination of kinetic parameters (and thus the exchange current density) in silicon nanoparticles. This model and knowledge thereof can be used in the cell-sandwich model for the design of lithium-ion cells with composite silicon negative electrodes.
A new family of luminescent compounds: platinum(ii) imidoylamidinates exhibiting pH-dependent room temperature luminescence (2006)

The imidoylamidinate platinum(II) compounds [Pt{NH=C(R)NC(Ph)NPh}2] (R = CH2Ph 2, p-ClC6H43, Ph 4) were prepared by the reaction of the appropriate trans-[PtCl2(RCN)2] with 4 equiv of the amidine PhC(NH)NHPh giving 2-4 and 2 equivs of the salt PhC(=NH)NHPh.HCl. We also synthesized, by the double alkylation of 4 with MeOSO2CF3, complex [Pt{NH=C(Ph)N(Me)C(Ph)=NPh}2][CF3SO3]2 (5) which models the bis-protonated form of 4. The complexes were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopies, FAB-MS and by C, H, N elemental analysis. The X-ray crystallography of 4.2CH2Cl2 enables the confirmation of the square planar coordination geometry of the metal center with almost planar imidoylamidine ligands, while in 5.2CHCl3 the planarity of the metallacycles is lost and and the central N atom is sp3-hybridized. The imidoylamidinate complexes represent a new family of Pt(II)-based luminescent complexes and they are emissive at room temperature both in solution and in the solid state, with an emission quantum yield ranging from 3.7 x 10(-4) to 6.2 x 10(-2) in methanol solution; the emission intensity is pH-dependent, being quenched at low pH. UV-visible and luminescence spectroscopies indicate that the lowest excited state of these compounds is 3MLCT or 3IL with significant MLCT character, with emission lifetimes of a few micros. A blue shift of both the absorption and emission with increasing solvent polarity and with decreasing pi-electron withdrawing properties of the ligand substituent was observed.
Postgastrectomy anticancer chemotherapy for stage IV gastric cancer equally tolerable for patients under and over age 65. (1993)

We compared the survival time and drug toxicity between patients with stage IV gastric cancer who were over and under 65 years. All had undergone gastric resection followed by treatment with mitomycin C and a fluorinated pyrimidine. There were no differences in prognostic factors or doses of drugs prescribed between the two groups, nor were there differences in survival rates or toxicities. As advanced chronological age is not sufficient justification to limit or withhold treatment with anticancer drugs, postoperative chemotherapy should be designed for patients with gastric cancer, regardless of age.
SACHEM, a versatile DMT-based modem transceiver for ADSL (1999)

The complete digital processing (physical medium dependent) of the discrete multitone modulation scheme and transmission convergence layer has been integrated into a single device, processed in 0.35-/spl mu/m standard CMOS process. Power and area are kept well within limits, making this device a cost effective solution for asymmetric digital subscriber line and network terminating systems. New design methods were used to meet the severe time-to-market constraint of this high-complexity device.
Structural requirements of platelet chemokines for neutrophil activation (1994)

Using recombinantly expressed proteins and synthetic peptides, we examined the structural/functional features of the platelet chemokines, neutrophil-activating peptide-2 (NAP-2) and platelet factor 4 (PF4); that were important in their activation of neutrophils. Previous studies with the chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) had shown that the N- terminal region preceding the first cysteine residue was critical in defining neutrophil-activating properties. We examined whether NAP-2 and PF4 had similar structural requirements. In the Ale-glu-leu-arg (AELR) N-terminus of NAP-2, substitution of E or R abolished Ca2+ mobilization and elastase secretion. Unlike the parent molecule PF4, AELR/PF4, the hybrid formed by replacing the N-terminal sequence of PF4 before the first cysteine residue with the homologous sequence of NAP- 2, stimulated Ca2+ mobilization and elastase secretion. Furthermore, the effect of amino acid substitutions in the ELR motif differed from those seen with NAP-2 in that conserved substitutions of E or R in NAP- 2 abolished activity, but only reduced neutrophil activation in the hybrid. These studies show that just as with IL-8, the N-termini of NAP- 2 and PF4 are critical for high-level neutrophil-activating function. Desensitization studies provided information on receptor binding. NAP- 2, which binds almost exclusively to the type 2 IL-8 receptor (IL-8R), did not desensitize neutrophils to activation by IL-8 because IL-8 could bind to and activate via both type 1 and 2 IL-8R. AELR/PF4 appears to bind to both types of receptors because it desensitized neutrophils to NAP-2 activation; but was not desensitized by NAP-2, and because it desensitized to and was desensitized by IL-8. Thus, although NAP-2 and AELR/PF4 share approximately 60% amino acid homology, they have different receptor affinities. Studies were performed to define the role of the C-termini of these platelet chemokines in receptor binding. Heparin and a monoclonal antibody specific for the heparin- binding domain of PF4 both inhibited Ca2+ mobilization and elastase release, further suggesting that the C-terminus of these chemokines is important in receptor binding. Synthetic NAP-2(51–70) failed to mobilize Ca2+, whereas PF4(47-–70) and PF4(58–70) induced Ca2+ mobilization and secretion of elastase at high concentrations. Pertussis toxin inhibited neutrophil activation by 40% to 50%, establishing a role for G-protein-coupled receptors such as the IL-8Rs in activation by the PF4 C-terminal peptides.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
IL-21 Promotes Differentiation of Naive CD8 T Cells to a Unique Effector Phenotype (2007)

IL-21, the most recently described member of the common gamma-chain cytokine family, is produced by activated CD4 T cells, whereas CD8 T cells express the IL-21 receptor. To investigate a possible role for IL-21 in the priming of naive CD8 T cells, we examined responses of highly purified naive OT-I CD8 T cells to artificial APCs displaying Ag and B7-1 on their surface. We found that IL-21 enhanced OT-I clonal expansion and supported development of cytotoxic effector function. High levels of IL-2 did not support development of effector functions, but IL-2 was required for optimal responses in the presence of IL-21. IL-12 and IFN-alpha have previously been shown to support naive CD8 T cell differentiation and acquisition of effector functions through a STAT4-dependent mechanism. Here, we show that IL-21 does not require STAT4 to stimulate development of cytolytic activity. Furthermore, IL-21 fails to induce IFN-gamma or IL-4 production and can partially block IL-12 induction of IFN-gamma production. CD8 T cells that differentiate in response to IL-21 have a distinct surface marker expression pattern and are characterized as CD44(high), PD-1(low), CD25(low), CD134(low), and CD137(low). Thus, IL-21 can provide a signal required by naive CD8 T cells to differentiate in response to Ag and costimulation, and the resulting effector cells represent a unique effector phenotype with highly effective cytolytic activity, but deficient capacity to secrete IFN-gamma.
Characterization of the Microstructure and Precipitates Formed During the Thermomechanical Processing of a CrNiMoWMnV Ultrahigh‐Strength Steel (2020)

The effect of total applied strain (TAS), finish forging temperature (FFT) on the microstructure, and precipitation kinetics of a newly developed low‐cost, low‐alloy CrNiMoWMnV ultrahigh‐strength steel has been investigated. A Gleeble 3800 thermomechanical simulator is used to simulate the hot forging process and its influence on the precipitation kinetics. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy combined with electron‐backscattered diffraction is used to characterize the final overall microstructures, whereas transmission electron microscopy on carbon extraction replicas is used to characterize the precipitates in terms of morphology, size distribution, mean equivalent circle diameter, the 90th percentile in the cumulative diameter distribution (D90% ppt ), chemical composition, and crystallography. Thermo‐Calc software is used to predict the precipitates expected in austenite at equilibrium. The final microstructure consists of lath martensite and a small fraction of the precipitates AlN, TiN, and composite TiN–AlN. Differences in the degree of strain‐induced precipitation caused by variations in TAS and FFT have been shown to greatly influence precipitate size distributions. Variations in the degree of precipitate dissolution and coarsening cause variations in the prior austenite grain size, which subsequently cause variations in the effective grain size of the final microstructure, i.e., that are defined by high‐angle grain boundaries.
Benefit of Cup Medialization in Total Hip Arthroplasty is Associated With Femoral Anatomy (2014)

Cup medialization with compensatory increase of the femoral offset may be particularly effective in patients with less femoral antetorsion. However, cup medialization must be balanced against its tradeoffs, including the additional loss of medial acetabular bone stock, and eventual proprioceptive implications of the nonanatomic center of rotation and perhaps joint reaction forces. Clinical studies should better determine the relevance of small changes of moment arms on function and joint reaction forces.
Ring opening metathesis polymerization-derived block copolymers bearing chelating ligands: synthesis, metal immobilization and use in hydroformylation under micellar conditions (2010)

Norborn-5-ene-(N,N-dipyrid-2-yl)carbamide (M1) was copolymerized with exo,exo-[2-(3-ethoxycarbonyl-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-carbonyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium iodide (M2) using the Schrock catalyst Mo(N-2,6-Me₂-C₆H₃)(CHCMe₂Ph)(OCMe(CF₃)₂)₂[Mo] to yield poly(M1-b-M2). In water, poly(M1-b-M2) forms micelles with a critical micelle-forming concentration (cmc) of 2.8 x 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹; Reaction of poly(M1-b-M2) with [Rh(COD)Cl]₂ (COD = cycloocta-1,5-diene) yields the Rh(I)-loaded block copolymer poly(M1-b-M2)-Rh containing 18 mg of Rh(I)/g of block copolymer with a cmc of 2.2 x 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹. The Rh-loaded polymer was used for the hydroformylation of 1-octene under micellar conditions. The data obtained were compared to those obtained with a monomeric analogue, i.e. CH₃CON(Py)₂RhCl(COD) (C1, Py = 2-pyridyl). Using the polymer-supported catalyst under micellar conditions, a significant increase in selectivity, i.e. an increase in the n:iso ratio was accomplished, which could be further enhanced by the addition of excess ligand, e.g., triphenylphosphite. Special features of the micellar catalytic set up are discussed.
Marrow tumor interactions: the role of the bone marrow in controlling chemically induced tumors. Progress report, July 1, 1980-July 31, 1981 (1981)

Progress is outlined below. (1) Bone marrow has been shown to uniquely contribute to the neutralization of immunogenic, chemically induced neoplasms by producing Natural Tumor Growth Regulatory cells. These cells are not differentiated T or B lymphocytes, recognizable by conventional markers, nor are they apparently macrophages. Current work will characterize these cells. (2) Experimental evidence shows that the bone marrow can generate cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro on a much larger scale than previous systems have been able to document. The development and refinement of in vitro assays will resolve what role each of these cell types contributes to the antitumor effect mediated by bone marrow cells. (3) CE mammary carcinoma has been shown not to generate immunity detectable by conventional assays. Studies will continue to test whether or not the mammary carcinoma engages immune responses, perhaps through the expression of viral antigens. (4) The development of immunogenic methylcholanthrene induced sarcomas in BALB/c x CE F1 mice which support the mammary carcinoma now enables testing whether or not growing neoplasms influence bone marrow functions. (5) Tests have demonstrated that the mammary carcinoma alters cell populations of lymphocytes in lymphoid organs and is mainly a consequence of reduced lymphocyte production by more » the bone marrow. (6) Studies continue on the effect tumors exert on hemopoiesis. « less
Vapor‐induced crystallization behavior of bisphenol‐A polycarbonate (2006)

Abstract The effects of exposure time and vapor pressure on the crystallization behaviors of bisphenol‐A polycarbonate (BAPC) films were investigated at 25°C by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Double melting peaks were observed for various BAPC samples after vapor‐induced crystallization. The low temperature melting peak shifted to higher temperature and became sharper with increasing exposure time, and could be assigned to defective crystals with smaller crystal size. Crystallinity and average crystal dimension normal to (020) were calculated from wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction spectra. A good agreement was obtained between crystallinity values obtained from WAXD and those from DSC. The morphology of crystallized samples after various exposure time periods was examined by means of polarized optical microscopy. Nucleation occurred at the initial stage of vapor‐induced crystallization. Poor crystals become perfect through segment reorganization with increasing exposure time, and spherulites' growth was observed. The average diameter of spherulites increased from 2 μm for 1 h, to 7 and 16 μm after 3 and 56 h, respectively. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 46:729–734, 2006. © 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers
Alemtuzumab Plus Cyclosporine Treatment of the Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in an Adult Bowel Transplant (2014)

An adult male underwent a bowel transplant for tufting enteropathy, receiving alemtuzumab, tacrolimus, and steroids as immunosuppressants. Five years later, he developed an autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), anti-IgG positive, with reduced reticulocyte count, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia with antiplatelet antibodies. After an unsuccessful initial treatment with high dose steroids, reduction in tacrolimus dose, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), a bone marrow biopsy revealed absence of erythroid maturation with precursor hyperplasia. The patient was switched to sirolimus and received four doses of rituximab plus two courses of plasmapheresis, which decreased his transfusion requirements. After a febrile episode one month later, the AIHA relapsed with corresponding decreases in platelet and leukocyte count: cyclosporine A (CsA) was started with a second course of rituximab and IVIG without response, even though repeat bone marrow biopsy did not reveal morphology correlated to an acquired pure red cell aplasia (APRCA). Considering the similarity in his clinical and laboratory findings to APRCA, alemtuzumab was added (three doses over a week) with CsA followed by steroids. The patient was eventually discharged transfusion-independent, with increasing hemoglobin (Hb) levels and normal platelet and leukocyte count. One year later he is still disease-free with functioning graft.
Acute Lung Injury: How Macrophages Orchestrate Resolution of Inflammation and Tissue Repair (2011)

Lung macrophages are long living cells with broad differentiation potential, which reside in the lung interstitium and alveoli or are organ-recruited upon inflammatory stimuli. A role of resident and recruited macrophages in initiating and maintaining pulmonary inflammation in lung infection or injury has been convincingly demonstrated. More recent reports suggest that lung macrophages are main orchestrators of termination and resolution of inflammation. They are also initiators of parenchymal repair processes that are essential for return to homeostasis with normal gas exchange. In this review we will discuss cellular cross-talk mechanisms and molecular pathways of macrophage plasticity which define their role in inflammation resolution and in initiation of lung barrier repair following lung injury.