gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Surface after Excimer Laser Radiation (1995)

The effect of excimer laser radiation to silicon nitride ceramic surface morphology was investigated. The response of the surface at irradiation to different laser fluences and in-vacuo measurements of the particle emission due to laser irradiation were examined. The irradiated surface showed pillar-like features at low fluence (20kJ/m2), however, flat surfaces were produced at high fluence (100kJ/m2). Quadrupole mass spectrometry during laser irradiation showed that the emitted particles were Si+, Y+, O and N. It is thought that the surface silicon nitride and/or grain boundary crystal phase (Si3N4⋅Y2O3) was decomposed during laser irradiation, and the resulting Si+ to form SiO2 layers and/or pillars on the surface. These surface features degrated the strength of the specimens due to pore formation just under the surface.
Institutional case volume and mortality after aortic and mitral valve replacement: a nationwide study in two Korean cohorts (2022)

Lower case volume is associated with increased in-hospital mortality after AVR and MVR. The results warrant a comprehensive discussion regarding regionalization/centralization of cardiac valve replacements to optimize patient outcomes.
Active Power Filter with Reduced Number of Semiconductor Switches Based on Synchronous Reference Frame (2019)

In this paper a 3-phase shunt active power filter (SAPF) with reduced semiconductor switches based on synchronous reference frame (SRF) is introduced. The power circuit of SAPF contains only 4 switches, forming only two legs to compensate the load currents of two phases. The third leg is replaced by a split capacitor. SRF is used to calculate the reference currents, modifications are done to control the two capacitors voltages in the DC-link. The advantages of these modifications are simplifying the control circuit, reducing the total number of sensors and reducing the total cost of SAPF. Simulation studies using MATLAB/SIMULINK to verify the operation of the SAPF with the modified control circuit. Experimental setup is implanted to confirm the SAPF operation actually.
Die Wirkung von Insulin und Glukagon auf die DNS-Synthese in Hepatozytenkulturen (1976)

Durch chirurgische Manipulation der Blutversorgung der Leber konnte gezeigt werden, daß portales Blut, besonders das aus Pankreas und Duodenum, die Größe, Struktur, Funktion und Regenerationsfähigkeit von Hepatozyten günstig beeinflußt [1,2]. Bisherige Befunde aus weiteren in vivo-Versuchen [3, 4, 5] sprechen dafür, daß Insulin und vielleicht auch Glukagon solche für die Regulation des Leberwachstums wichtige „hepatotrophe Faktoren“ darstellen. Weil aber viele dieser Befunde unter unphysiologischen Bedingungen erhoben wurden und weil die Rolle des Glukagons umstritten ist, untersuchten wir die in vitro-Wirkung von Insulin und Glukagon auf die DNS-Synthese in Hepatozytenkulturen.
Introducing Normalized Centrifugation for a More Accurate Thermodynamic Analysis of Molybdenum Disulfide Dispersions: A Study on Mixed Solvents of Alcohols and Amines with Water (2019)

A more accurate solution thermodynamic analysis of colloidal molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) nanosheets dispersed in 91 combinations of organic solvent (alcohols and amines)/water mixtures is made possible by the application of a viscosity- and density-normalized centrifugation method to the post-sonication stock solution. This centrifugation method accounts the solvent mixture's density and viscosity in order to apply different centrifugation times based on Stoke's law and in effect eliminates the kinetic interferences arising from different densities and viscosities of the solvent mixtures used as the dispersing media. This allows us to reveal that the solvent's molecular size and hydrogen-bonding strength are additional important factors that determine the Gibbs free energy of mixing, other than the matching of the Hansen solubility parameters between the dispersed nanosheet and the dispersing medium. In addition, ζ potential turns out to be a negligible factor for the nanosheet dispersibility since surface charges are mainly localized on the edge sites. This is because restacking mainly occurs via the basal planes, which are virtually chargeless. This study further extends our understanding of the dispersibility mechanism of 2D nanosheets in various solvent/water mixtures.
FLUOROSCOPIC ANALYSIS FOR THE ESTIMATION OF IN VIVO ELBOW KINEMATICS: INFLUENCE OF 3D MODEL (2011)

The reliable knowledge that model-based three-dimensional (3D) fluoroscopy can provide about in vivo joints kinematics is essential to diagnose orthopedic pathologies, develop new prosthesis, and evaluate clinical procedures. To exploit 3D fluoroscopy for the analysis of elbow kinematics, its use was evaluated considering a single model for the forearm or two different models for the ulna and radius. Active elbow flexion-extension and prono-supination motor tasks of a healthy male subject were acquired by means of fluoroscopy. The 3D bone models were automatically aligned to the relevant projections. The pose estimation algorithm sought the tangency condition of the projection rays with the model surface, minimizing a cost function and exploiting an adaptive distance map. Five iterative guided alignments were performed to avoid the final convergence to a local minimum. The results highlighted the critical alignment of the ulna/radius model, particularly when prono-supination is performed. From the physiological motion patterns and given the values of the cost function, 3D fluoroscopy was proven to be applicable to the analysis of the elbow kinematics when single bone models for the ulna and radius are used.
Theoretische und experimentelle Untersuchungen zum schnellen Fließen von Schüttgütern in konvergenten Geometrien (2000)

Grundlagen Theorie der ausgebildeten stationären Schachtströmung Vergleich mit dem Experiment Experimentelle und theoretische Überlegungen zur Instabilität der stationären Schachtströmung Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse und Ausblick Literatur
Structural and Functional Characterization of Indane-Core CD4-Mimetic Compounds Substituted with Heterocyclic Amines (2022)

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimer on the virion surface interacts with the host receptors, CD4 and CCR5/CXCR4, to mediate virus entry into the target cell. CD4-mimetic compounds (CD4mcs) bind the gp120 Env, block CD4 binding, and inactivate Env. Previous studies suggested that a C(5)-methylamino methyl moiety on a lead CD4mc, BNM-III-170, contributed to its antiviral potency. By replacing the C(5) chain with differentially substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, and piperazine ring systems, guided by structural and computational analyses, we found that the 5-position of BNM-III-170 is remarkably tolerant of a variety of ring sizes and substitutions, both in regard to antiviral activity and sensitization to humoral responses. Crystallographic analyses of representative analogues from the pyrrolidine series revealed the potential for 5-substituents to hydrogen bond with gp120 Env residue Thr 283. Further optimization of these interactions holds promise for the development of CD4mcs with greater potency.
Mechanical Stimulation of Tissue Repair in the Hydraulic Bone Chamber (1997)

A hydraulically activated bone chamber model was utilized to investigate cellular and microstructural mechanisms of mechanical adaptation during bone repair. Woven trabecular bone and fibrotic granulation tissue filled the initially empty chambers by 8 weeks postimplantation into canine tibial and femoral metaphyses. Without mechanical stimulation, active bone remodeling to lamellar trabecular bone and reconstitution of marrow elements were observed between 8 and 24 weeks. In subsequent loading studies, the hydraulic mechanism was activated on one randomly chosen side of 10 dogs following 8 weeks of undisturbed bone repair. The loading treatment applied an intermittent compressive force (18 N, 1.0 Hz, 1800 cycles/day) for durations of a few days up to 12 weeks. Stereological analysis of three-dimensional microcomputed tomography images revealed an increase in trabecular plate thickness and connectivity associated with the loaded repair tissue microstructure relative to unloaded contralateral controls. These microstructural alterations corresponded to an over 600% increase in the apparent modulus of the loaded bone tissue. A significant increase in the percentage of trabecular surfaces lined by osteoblasts immunopositive for type I procollagen after a few days of loading provided further evidence for mechanical stimulation of bone matrix synthesis. The local principal tissue strains associated with these adaptive changes were estimated to range from approximately -2000 to +3000 mustrain using digital image-based finite element methods. This study demonstrates the sensitivity of bone tissue and cells to a controlled in vivo mechanical stimulus and identifies microstructural mechanisms of mechanical adaptation during bone repair. The hydraulic bone chamber is introduced as an efficient experimental model to study the effects of mechanical and biological factors on bone repair and regeneration.
Experimental and Numerical Examination of a Hall Thruster Plume (Preprint) (2007)

Abstract : The plume of a Busek BHT-200 xenon Hall thruster has been characterized through measurements from various plasma electrostatic probes. Ion current flux, plasma potential, plasma density, and electron temperatures were measured from the near-field plume to 60 cm downstream of the exit plane. These experimentally derived measurements were compared to numerical simulations run with the plasma plume code DRACO. A major goal of this study was to determine the fidelity of the DRACO numerical simulation. The effect of background pressure on the thruster plume was also examined using ion current flux measurements at higher than nominal pressure.
Calcite Precipitation at Cement–Bentonite Interface. Part 2: Acceleration of Transport by an Electrical Gradient (2021)

Calcium leaching from cementitious materials in contact with bentonite in nuclear waste repositories can alter the functionality of an engineered barrier system. In this study, we contribute to the fundamental understanding of calcite precipitation at cement–bentonite interfaces by adding carbonate to bentonite. In addition, we accelerate the transport of charged reactants towards the interface using an electrochemical migration method. The carbonate admixture successfully promotes calcite precipitation at the surface of cement paste. The analysis also revealed that the amount of precipitated calcite is not simply correlated to the amount of added carbonate or the applied electrical potential. Experiments in which bentonite pore water contains high initial contents of carbonate exhibit rapid calcite precipitation in a very narrow region at the cement–bentonite interface, resulting in pore clogging. This is the second of two papers; the system evolution without an electrical gradient was discussed in the first paper. This paper is the extended version in English from the authors’ previous works [Watanabe and Nakarai, (2008). “Effect of NaHCO3 in bentonite on calcium leaching from cementitious material.” Proc. of the JCI, 30(1), 717-722. Nakarai, et al., (2010). “Effect of carbonate mixing into bentonite on calcium leaching of cementitious material.” Proc. of the JCI, 32(1), 713-718. (in Japanese)]
Sign-tunable anomalous Hall effect induced by symmetry-protected nodal structures in ferromagnetic perovskite oxide thin films (2019)

Magnetism and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) are two quintessential ingredients underlying novel topological transport phenomena in itinerant ferromagnets. Especially, when spin-polarized bands support nodal points/lines whose band degeneracy can be lifted by SOC, the nodal structures can become a source of Berry curvature that leads to large anomalous Hall effect (AHE). Here we show that two-dimensional spin-polarized band structures generally support symmetry-protected nodal lines and points, which govern both the sign and the magnitude of AHE. To demonstrate this idea, we perform angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies on ultrathin films of SrRuO$_3$, a representative metallic ferromagnet with SOC. We show that the sign of the AHE can be controlled by changing film thickness, magnetization, and chemical potential. Our study provides the first direct evidence relating the topological band structure of two-dimensional spin-polarized bands and the corresponding AHE, which sheds light on the advent of new switchable devices based on ferromagnetic thin films.
Review of Power Conditioning for Kinetic Energy Harvesting Systems (2011)

In this paper, a summary of published techniques for power conditioning within energy harvesting systems is presented. The focus is on low-power systems, e.g, <;10 mW, for kinetic energy harvesting. Published concepts are grouped according to functionality and results contrasted. The various techniques described are considered in terms of complexity, efficiency, quiescent power consumption, startup behavior, and utilization of the harvester compared to an optimum load. This paper concludes with an overview of power management techniques that aim to maximize the extracted power and the utilization of the energy harvester.
Isotopic Tracers in Coupled Models: A New Paleo-Tool (2001)

Comparing General Circulation Model (GCM) simulations to events seen in the paleo-record is becoming ever more important, yet remains problematic. Since most proxy records reflect multiple influences, some climatic, some biological, unambiguously assigning any one event to a particular cause is generally quite difficult. Thus data-model comparisons are hampered by the fact that they do not compare like with like, i.e. temperatures are compared with 18 O, overturning strength with benthic 13 C ratios etc.
Determination of Fracture Height by Spectral Gamma Log Analysis (1986)

ABSTRACT Determining fracture height following hydraulic stimulation of a well is an important step in both evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment and estimating the subsequent production behavior of the well. Unfortunately, the temperature and gamma ray logs commonly used to assess fracture heights seldom yield unambiguous results. A new approach to the problem employs spectral gamma ray data to resolve some of these uncertainties. This paper outlines the method and presents data from a field study made using the new technique.
Mechanisms of distribution and targeting of neuronal ion channels. (2010)

The discovery and development of pharmaceutical drugs targeting ion channels is important for treating a variety of medical conditions and diseases. Ion channels are expressed ubiquitously throughout the body, and are involved in many basic physiological processes. Neuronal ion channels are particularly appealing drug targets, and recent advances in screening ion channel function using optical-based and electrophysiological technologies have improved drug development in this field. Moreover, methods for the discovery of peptide-based neurotoxins and other natural products have proven useful in the pharmacological assessment of ion channel structure and function, while also contributing to the identification of lead molecules for drug development.
Fixation of the Greater Trochanter in Arthroplasty for Unstable Intertrochnateric Fracture (2014)

58 Copyright c 2014 The Korean Fracture Society. All rights reserved. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received September 28, 2013 Revised November 4, 2013 Accepted December 18, 2013 Address reprint requests to: Young-Yool Chung, M.D. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kwangju Christian Hospital, 37 Yangrim-ro, Nam-gu, Gwangju 503-715, Korea Tel: 82-62-650-5064ᆞFax: 82-62-650-5066 E-mail: paedic@chol.com 불안정성 전자간 골절의 인공관절 치환술에서 골절된 대전자의 고정 방법
Genetic mapping of antigenic determinants on a membrane protein. (1983)

The antigenic determinants recognized by two monoclonal antibodies were mapped on LamB, an outer membrane protein of Escherichia coli. The procedure consisted of performing immunoprecipitation experiments with extracts of strains which produced truncated fragments of LamB, either in a free form (deletion and nonsense mutants) or fused to another polypeptide (malK-lamB and lamB-lacZ fusion strains). The conclusion is that the two antigenic determinants are located within 70 residues from the COOH-terminal end of LamB, which contains a total of 421 amino acids. Since these two antigenic sites were previously demonstrated to be exposed at the cell surface, it follows that a COOH-terminal portion of LamB must be located on the outer surface of the outer membrane.
The Right ventricle under pressure: mechanics and shape changes in pulmonary hypertension. A 3- dimensional echocardiography study (2018)

no. III
Computation of Electric Fields: Part 1 — Determination of Electrical Resistance of Notched Rectangular Laminar Conductors (1978)

A novel numerical method, for use with a digital computing routine to determine the resistance of notched, laminar rectangular shapes, is given. This method can be used with conventional field mapping methods or experimental measurements to enhance student understanding of Laplacian fields.
TMIO-PyrImid Hybrids are Profluorescent, Site-Directed Spin Labels for Nucleic Acids (2014)

We report the synthesis of a new class of molecules which are hybrids of long-lived tetramethylisoindolinoxyl (TMIO) radicals and the pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole (PyrImid) scaffold. These compounds represent a new lead for noncovalently binding nucleic acid probes, as they interact with nucleic acids with previously unreported C (DNA) and C/U (RNA) complementarity, which can be detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques. They also have promising properties for fluorimetric analysis, as their fluorescent spin-quenched derivatives exhibit a significant Stokes shift.
A Novel Control Strategy for Subsynchronous Resonance Mitigation Using SSSC (2008)

In this paper, a novel control strategy for subsynchronous resonance (SSR) mitigation using a static synchronous series compensator will be presented. SSR mitigation is obtained by increasing the network damping only at those frequencies that are critical for the turbine-generator shaft. This is achieved by controlling the subsynchronous component of the grid current to zero. Using the IEEE first benchmark model, the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm when mitigating SSR due to torsional interaction and torque amplification effect will be shown.
Influence of PC superplasticizers on tricalcium silicate hydration. (2007)

International audience
Using the unity&#x00AE; game engine as a platform for advanced real time cinema image processing (2015)

The global context of our work is the virtual production film industry. We present an efficient framework to merge a low resolution depth map sensor with a high resolution film camera. The depth sensor used is a Kinect 2. Our method is especially designed for film production requiring live (pre) visualization. To achieve realtime performance we are not using a specific customized solution software but the very popular game engine Unity®. Our process is directly implemented into this game engine to give the user all the realtime facilities of a traditional game engine.
p95HER-2 Predicts Worse Outcome in Patients with HER-2-Positive Breast Cancer (2006)

p95HER-2 expression is an independent prognostic factor in breast cancer and defines a group of patients with HER-2-positive breast cancer with significantly worse outcome.
Amendment-assisted revegetation of mine tailings: improvement of tailings quality and biomass production (2019)

Mining activities have left a legacy of metals containing tailings impoundments. After mine closure, reclamation of mine wastes can be achieved by restoration of a vegetation cover. This study investigated the impact of biochar (BC), biosolids (BS), humic substances (HS), and mycorrhizal fungi (MF) for improving mine tailings fertility and hydraulic properties, supporting plant establishment, tailings revegetation, and enabling growth of energy crops. We conducted a pot trial by growing willow, poplar, and miscanthus in Pb/Zn/Cu mine tailings untreated or amended with two rates of amendments (low or high input). Biosolids resulted in the most significant changes in tailings properties, neutralizing pH and increasing organic carbon, nutrient concentrations, cation exchange capacity, water retention, and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The greatest increase in energy crops production was also observed in BS treatments enabling the financial viability of mine reclamation. Although BC resulted in significant improvements in tailings fertility and hydraulic properties, its impact on biomass was less pronounced, most likely due to lower N and P available concentrations. Increases in willow and miscanthus biomass were observed in HS and MF treatments in spite of their lower nutrient content. A pot experiment is underway to assess synergistic effects of combining BS with BC, HS, or MF.
Experience (2019)

Wrist-worn devices hold great potential as a platform for mobile health (mHealth) applications because they comprise a familiar, convenient form factor and can embed sensors in proximity to the human body. Despite this potential, however, they are severely limited in battery life, storage, band-width, computing power, and screen size. In this paper, we describe the experience of the research and development team designing, implementing and evaluating <i>Amulet</i> - an open-hardware, open-software wrist-worn computing device - and its experience using Amulet to deploy mHealth apps in the field. In the past five years the team conducted 11 studies in the lab and in the field, involving 204 participants and collecting over 77,780 hours of sensor data. We describe the technical issues the team encountered and the lessons they learned, and conclude with a set of recommendations. We anticipate the experience described herein will be useful for the development of other research-oriented computing platforms. It should also be useful for researchers interested in developing and deploying mHealth applications, whether with the Amulet system or with other wearable platforms.
ON THE CLASSIC AND MODERN THEORIES OF MATCHING (2005)

Classic matching theory, which is based on Herrnstein's (1961) original matching equation and includes the well-known quantitative law of effect, is almost certainly false. The theory is logically inconsistent with known experimental findings, and experiments have shown that its central constant-k assumption is not tenable. Modern matching theory, which is based on the power function version of the original matching equation, remains tenable, although it has not been discussed or studied extensively. The modern theory is logically consistent with known experimental findings, it predicts the fact and details of the violation of the classic theory's constant-k assumption, and it accurately describes at least some data that are inconsistent with the classic theory.