gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-speed 6.1 angstrom InAs HBT devices and circuits (2004)

The paper presents high-speed 6.1 Angstrom InAs HBT devices and circuits highlighting areas where HBT compare favorably to other devices as well as pointing out areas where technology requires additional development. The major differences between InAs technology and other HBT technologies is the lack of suitable lattice-matched semi-insulating substrate for InAs. The circuit consist of 62 transistor, sub-collector resistors and two layers of metal interconnect. A key parameter for determining the speed of an HBT is the base resistance. A base sheet resistance of 490 /spl Omega//sq was measured from a 400/spl Aring/ thick InAS layer doped p-type with Be at 1.5/spl times/10/sup 19/ cm/sup -3/ and good gain is achieved at this doping level.
Polarization Beamforming PON Doubling Bidirectional Throughput (2010)

A low-complexity polarization multiplexed Passive Optical Network (PON) architecture based on Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) polarization beamforming is experimentally demonstrated, achieving twice the throughput for both downstream and upstream transmissions. In addition, a novel dynamic power allocation scheme further improves the loss budget by up to ~1.8 dB in the downstream direction.
[A case of complete myocardial revascularization with different arterial grafts: right internal mammary artery, right gastroepiploic artery and inferior epigastric artery]. (1994)

It has been well established that the internal thoracic artery (ITA) is a good alternative to the saphenous vein as conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting because of superior early and late patency. Many surgeons now commonly use both ITAs for CABG and many have adopted complex grafting methods such as free ITA graft and sequential anastomosis; despite these techniques, it's not always possible to achieve complete revascularization with arterial conduits. More recently the right gastroepiploic artery (rGEA) and the inferior epigastric artery (IEA) have been used as alternative arterial conduits. The authors report the experience of a case of myocardial revascularization in a patient with angina not responsive to medical therapy, severe tri-vessel coronary artery disease, which had a previous total bilateral saphenectomy; the patient was also found to have a right fibrothorax. In the surgical strategy the authors considered that the bilateral use of mammary artery could have been the cause of the depressed respiratory function and that it was important to leave intact the left hemithorax; they therefore employed the rITA in the revascularization of the anterior descending (AD). To complete the revascularization they used the IEA for a marginal branch of the circumflex artery and the rGEA for the interventricular posterior artery, branch of the right coronary artery. In this fashion good early results were obtained with absence of perioperative complications with a good life expectancy.
Materials and Device Considerations in Electrophoretic Drug Delivery Devices (2020)

Electrophoretic drug delivery devices are able to deliver drugs with exceptional temporal and spatial precision. This technology has emerged as a promising platform for treating pathologies ranging from neuropathic pain to epilepsy. As the range of applications continues to expand, there is an urgent need to understand the underlying physics and estimate materials and device parameters for optimal performance. Here, computational modeling of the electrophoretic drug delivery device is carried out. Three critical performance indices, namely, the amount of drug transported, the pumping efficiency and the ON/OFF ratio are investigated as a function of initial drug concentration in the device and fixed charge concentration in the ion exchange membrane. The results provide guidelines for future materials and device design with an eye towards tailoring device performance to match disease-specific demands.
A matching procedure for sequential experiments that iteratively learns which covariates improve power (2021)

We propose a dynamic allocation procedure that increases power and efficiency when measuring an average treatment effect in sequential randomized trials exploiting some subjects' previous assessed responses. Subjects arrive sequentially and are either randomized or paired to a previously randomized subject and administered the alternate treatment. The pairing is made via a dynamic matching criterion that iteratively learns which specific covariates are important to the response. We develop estimators for the average treatment effect as well as an exact test. We illustrate our method's increase in efficiency and power over other allocation procedures in both simulated scenarios and a clinical trial dataset. An R package "SeqExpMatch" for use by practitioners is available on CRAN.
Milestone system advances (2010)

In the history of optical fiber communications, there were key milestones in system R&D that helped usher in new phases of the field. Critical advances such as terrestrial systems, WDM, submarine systems, coherent communication and fiber in the access will be highlighted.
An all-optical multifiber tree network (1993)

Given that many optical fibers can be economically packaged within a single cable, it is worthwhile to consider the design of communication network that exploit multifiber topologies. We present a metropolitan area network architecture that uses the multifiber tree topology to provide high-speed datagram and circuit-switching communication services to a large population of stations. Using a combination of space-, wavelength-, and time-division multiplexing, this network architecture provides all-optical transmission media to its stations and can interconnect several thousand stations in a metropolitan region without the need for optical amplification or electrooptical signal regeneration
“Hydrotriphylites” Li 1– x Fe 1+ x (PO 4 ) 1– y (OH) 4 y as Cathode Materials for Li-ion Batteries (2019)

Lithium iron phosphate LiFePO4 triphylite is now one of the core positive electrode (cathode) materials enabling the Li-ion battery technology for stationary energy storage applications, which are important for broad implementation of the renewable energy sources. Despite the apparent simplicity of its crystal structure and chemical composition, LiFePO4 is prone to off-stoichiometry and demonstrates rich defect chemistry owing to variations in the cation content and iron oxidation state, and to the redistribution of the cations and vacancies over two crystallographically distinct octahedral sites. The importance of the defects stems from their impact on the electrochemical performance, particularly on limiting the capacity and rate capability through blocking the Li-ion diffusion along the channels of the olivine-type LiFePO4 structure. Up to now, the polyanionic (i.e., phosphate) sublattice has been considered idle in this case. Here, we demonstrate that under hydrothermal conditions up to 16% of the phosphate groups can be replaced with hydroxyl groups yielding the Li1–xFe1+x(PO4)1–y(OH)4y solid solutions, which we term “hydrotriphylites”. This substitution has a tremendous effect on the chemical composition and crystal structure of the lithium iron phosphate causing abundant population of the Li-ion diffusion channels with the iron cations and off-center Li displacements due to their tighter bonding to oxygens. These perturbations trigger the formation of an acentric structure and increase the activation barriers for the Li-ion diffusion. The hydrotriphylite-type substitution also affects the magnetic properties by progressively lowering the Néel temperature. The off-stoichiometry caused by this substitution critically depends on the overall concentration of the precursors and reducing agents in the hydrothermal solutions, placing it among the most important parameters to control the chemical composition and defect concentration of the LiFePO4-based cathodes.
Wavefield separation of dual‐sensor towed streamer data using Kirchhoff type datuming and migration operators (2009)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2009Wavefield separation of dual‐sensor towed streamer data using Kirchhoff type datuming and migration operatorsAuthors: Tilman KlüverTilman KlüverPGShttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.3255463 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract Two methods for dual‐sensor wavefield separation are described. First, vector‐weighted Kirchhoff datuming provides a stable method for estimating the obliquity factor. This estimate can be used for time‐space domain wavefield separation of dual‐sensor towed streamer data. As the estimate is obtained from low frequencies only, spatially aliased energy is handled correctly in the separation step. Second, the combination of pressure and vertical particle motion records in Kirchhoff type depth migration yields a ghost‐free migrated image. The separation is performed only for that part of the data which is imaged. In this paper, the theory behind both methods is described and the procedures are illustrated using 2‐D and 3‐D synthetic and field data examples.Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3255463FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByWavefield-separation methods for dual-sensor towed-streamer dataAnthony Day, Tilman Klüver, Walter Söllner, Hocine Tabti, and David Carlson20 March 2013 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 78, No. 2 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2009ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2009 Pages: 4338 publication data© 2009 Copyright © 2009 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 14 Oct 2009 CITATION INFORMATION Tilman Klüver, (2009), "Wavefield separation of dual‐sensor towed streamer data using Kirchhoff type datuming and migration operators," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 2944-2948. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3255463 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Homogeneous production and removal of NO/sub x/ from combustion exhaust gases. Fifth quarterly technical summary report, September 1-November 30, 1979 (1979)

The rate constant for the reaction of NH/sub 2/ + NO has been measured over the temperature range of 294 to 1200/sup 0/K. It exhibits a decrease in value with increasing temperatures. An upper limit to the rate of reaction of NH/sub 3/ + NO ..-->.. NH/sub 2/ + HNO is also reported. The hydroxyl radical has been identified as one of the products of the NH/sub 2/ + NO reaction, and the implications of this upon the modeling is discussed.
Effect of Laparoscopic Proximal Gastrectomy With Double-Tract Reconstruction vs Total Gastrectomy on Hemoglobin Level and Vitamin B12 Supplementation in Upper-Third Early Gastric Cancer (2023)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02892643.
Application of Adaptive Background Suppression Technology in IR Clutter Background Estimation (2004)

The detection problem of point targets in IR images is a hot spot nowadays.In order to detect the weak targets from clutter background,the background suppression of IR image is necessary.This paper studies the adaptive background suppression technology and presents improved algorithms.Experiments are done to analyze the performance.the results show that the improved algorithms are better than the original one both in BSF(Background Suppression Factor )and SNIR(Signal Noise Improvement Ratio).And it has practical value in engineering.
Fault Diagnosis On Power Transformers Using Non-electric Method (2006)

This paper discussed four different no-electric methods for diagnosis and troubleshooting of the large power transformers, including electron microscopy, infrared thermograph (IRT), ICP plasma emission spectrum and biological technology used for oil analysis. Practice concluded that these approaches were effective in identifying the specific faults in the transformer tanks. Successful application of these approaches also showed that interdisciplinary collaboration is a good path to resolve complex technical problems on site
Surgical Repair of Bone Defects of the Ear Canal Wall with Flexible Hydroxylapatite Sheets: A Pilot Study (2001)

A dry, disease-free ear and normal anatomy may be expected 2 years postoperatively in more than three-fourths of the patients treated using the described surgical technique. Complete protection with a connective tissue graft is essential to avoid extrusion of the implant. The failure rate is significantly higher if otorrhea is present at the time of the operation.
Aging assessment of surge protective devices in nuclear power plants (1996)

An assessment was performed to determine the effects of aging on the performance and availability of surge protective devices (SPDs), used in electrical power and control systems in nuclear power plants. Although SPDs have not been classified as safety-related, they are risk-important because they can minimize the initiating event frequencies associated with loss of offsite power and reactor trips. Conversely, their failure due to age might cause some of those initiating events, e.g., through short circuit failure modes, or by allowing deterioration of the safety-related component(s) they are protecting from overvoltages, perhaps preventing a reactor trip, from an open circuit failure mode. From the data evaluated during 1980--1994, it was found that failures of surge arresters and suppressers by short circuits were neither a significant risk nor safety concern, and there were no failures of surge suppressers preventing a reactor trip. Simulations, using the ElectroMagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) were performed to determine the adequacy of high voltage surge arresters.
Characterization of cardiovascular liver motion for the eventual application of elasticity imaging to the liverin vivo (2004)

Elastography, which uses ultrasound to image the tissue strain that results from an applied displacement, can display tumours and heat-ablated tissue with high contrast. However, its application to liver in vivo may be problematic due to the presence of respiratory and cardiovascular sources of displacement. The aim of this study was to measure the cardiovascular-induced component of natural liver motion for the purpose of planning future work that will either use the motion to produce elasticity images or will compensate for it when employing an external source of displacement. A total of 36 sequences of 7 s real-time radio frequency (RF) echo images of the liver were acquired from six healthy volunteers during breath-hold using a stationary 3.5 MHz transducer. For each image sequence, the axial and lateral components of displacement were measured for each pair of consecutive RF images using 2D-echo tracking. The spatio-temporal character of these displacements was then analysed using a novel approach, employing proper orthogonal decomposition, whereby the dominant motion patterns are described by eigenvectors with the highest eigenvalues. The motion patterns of different liver segments were complex, but they were also found to be cyclic, highly repeatable and capable of producing measurable displacements in the liver. These observations provide good evidence to suggest that it may be possible to correct for natural liver motion when using an externally applied displacement for elasticity imaging. It was also found that about 65%-70% of all liver motion could be described using the first eigenvector. Use of only this component of the motion will greatly simplify the design of a mechanical system to be used in an objective study of elasticity imaging of phantoms and excised tissues in the presence of simulated cardiovascular-induced liver motion.
Breakpoints of 19q13 translocations of benign thyroid tumors map within a 400 kilobase region (1997)

Structural rearrangements involving the long arm of chromosome 19 characterize a cytogenetic subgroup of benign thyroid tumors. To localize the breakpoint of the 19q13 aberrations, we have established three cell lines derived from benign thyroid tumors showing translocations in this region. We have used these cell lines and four additional primary tumors with 19q13 abnormalities for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) mapping studies with ten cosmid clones located between the molecular markers POLD1 and TNNT1. The breakpoints of all chromosome 19 abnormalities mapped within a 400 kb region. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 20:201–203, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Generation of wide-range virtual spaces using photographic images (2002)

A new methodology to generate image-based wide-range virtual spaces is introduced. The basic principle is to display appropriate images accompanied by user's interaction, using position data. For this methodology, a huge image database indexed by position data must be sampled from the real world. A prototype of a vehicle-mounted image capturing system is developed for this purpose. The relationship between image distortion and the error of sensors when applying the morphing technique to this system is also discussed. At the end of this paper, an image-based walk-through system is actually demonstrated and the potential advantages of this methodology are discussed as an example.
Modified ISTH pregnancy-specific DIC score in parturients with liver rupture: population-based case series (2018)

Elevated pregnancy-specific modified ISTH DIC score (>26) in patients with liver hematoma or rupture was associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes and appeared to perform well in distinguishing high and low-risk cases. Postpartum preeclampsia may be associated with severe features and a more complicated disease course.
Superconductive energy storage for power systems (1972)

The use of large superconducting inductors for "pumped" energy storage as an alternate to pumped hydro-storage is discussed. It is suggested that large units might be developed at less than $200/kW and with losses less than the 50 percent representative of pumped hydrostorage. Particular notice is taken of the ability of such peaking units to damp overall power system electromechanical oscillations. Attention is also given to the stress considerations in magnet windings and to the optimization of superconductor and structural material. A preliminary analysis is made for a 400 MW-10 000 MWh unit.
Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Adiposity (2004)

The insulin-resistant state is not associated with changes in inflammatory markers or complement proteins in subjects at high risk of type 2 diabetes. Our study confirms a strong relationship between CRP and fat mass. Increasing adiposity and insulin resistance may interact to raise CRP levels.
Notice of Retraction: Development Platform for the Control System of Hybrid Electric vehicles Powertrain (2010)

This article has been retracted by the publisher.
Direct observation of the spatial distribution of charges on a polypropylene fiber via Electrostatic Force Microscopy (2012)

The spatial distribution of electrical charges along the longitudinal axes of a polypropylene electret fiber was determined using Electrostatic Force Microscopy (EFM). EFM mapping on highly curved surfaces, such as those of polymeric fibers, is a challenging endeavour and most work reported in the scientific literature has been limited to single line-scan analysis or flat specimens. Charged polymeric fibers, electrets, are extensively used in high performance filtration applications and methods to determine the amount and magnitude of the charges on these fibers remain elusive. Electrical charge maps of individual fibers were obtained by biasing the tip to -10 V and maintaining a constant tip-sample distance of 100 nm. Spatially dependant EFM phase and magnitude gradients were determined and the developed technique may provide a unique understanding into the heterogeneous charge distribution on electrets fibers. Direct mapping of the charge distribution in electrets fibers can offer new insights in the development of antistatic additives, new means to facilitate electrostatic self-assembly of nano-moieties on the surface of fibrous materials and a quantitative metrics capable of determining discharge dynamics and predicting the shelf-life of filtration media.
Nanoparticle Spectroscopy:  Plasmon Coupling in Finite-Sized Two-Dimensional Arrays of Cylindrical Silver Nanoparticles (2008)

This study provides new data for interpreting plasmon coupling in finite two-dimensional arrays, which are important in plasmonic devices and sensing applications. Finite square arrays of cylindrical silver nanoparticles with two different nanoparticle diameters (339 and 163 nm) and two different interparticle spacings (400 and 450 nm) were fabricated by e-beam lithography. The plasmonic properties of these arrays were obtained by UV−visible−near-IR extinction spectroscopy and compared with isolated particle spectra. In the case of the large-diameter particle arrays, the semi-infinite array resonance is quite blue-shifted from the isolated particle resonance; the resonant wavelength of the 2 × 2 particles and successively larger blocks keeps blue-shifting relative to the isolated particle resonance and converges to that of a semi-infinite array. For the small-diameter particle arrays, the semi-infinite resonance is red-shifted from the isolated particle resonance; the resonant wavelength of the 2 × 2 particles and successively larger blocks keeps red-shifting and converges to the semi-infinite array. The experimental resonances for progressively increasing array sizes show systematic resonance shifts consistent with increasing numbers of particles, and the bandwidth trends require models and more experiments to obtain better insight into trends.
Special Articles on Technology and Its Characterization for Synthesis of Inorganic Materials. Hydrothermal Synthesis of Needle-like Apatite Crystal. (1991)

湿式合成した水酸アパタイト(Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2,以下HApと略記する)を水熱結晶化する際に処理環境を制御することにより,広範囲のアスペクト比(c軸長/a軸長)を有するHAp微細結晶(c軸長;80～330nm,a軸長;30～50nm,アスペクト比;2～11)を得ることができた。種々の処理因子の中でアスペクト比の変化に最も効果的であったのは,添加物を加えることであり,湿式合成したHApにKOH,K3PO4,EDTAを添加し水熱処理(200℃,2MPa,5時間)することによって,アスペクト比がそれぞれ6,7,11の微細なHAp針状単結晶を合成することができた。
Ethionamide Boosters: Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Structure−Activity Relationships of a Series of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole EthR Inhibitors (2011)

We report in this article an extensive structure-activity relationships (SAR) study with 58 thiophen-2-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles as inhibitors of EthR, a transcriptional regulator controling ethionamide bioactivation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We explored the replacement of two key fragments of the starting lead BDM31343. We investigated the potency of all analogues to boost subactive doses of ethionamide on a phenotypic assay involving M. tuberculosis infected macrophages and then ascertained the mode of action of the most active compounds using a functional target-based surface plasmon resonance assay. This process revealed that introduction of 4,4,4-trifluorobutyryl chain instead of cyanoacetyl group was crucial for intracellular activity. Replacement of 1,4-piperidyl by (R)-1,3-pyrrolidyl scaffold did not enhance activity but led to improved pharmacokinetic properties. Furthermore, the crystal structures of ligand-EthR complexes were consistent with the observed SAR. In conclusion, we identified EthR inhibitors that boost antibacterial activity of ethionamide with nanomolar potency while improving solubility and metabolic stability.
Ruxolitinib for treatment of refractory hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (2017)

Optimal salvage therapy for refractory HLH is unknown.In our patient, ruxolitinib treatment led to clinical remission of refractory HLH.
Klinischer Verlauf von Patienten mit Idiopathischer Lungenfibrose: aktuelle Daten aus dem INSIGHTS-IPF Register (2017)

Das seit November 2012 in Deutschland durchgeführte, monitorierte INSIGHTS-IPF Register (ClinTrials.gov NCT01695408) umfasst alle Parameter, die als essentiell für ein globales Register für Idiopathische Lungenfibrose (IPF) gelten.