gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel method of anterior lumbosacral cage reconstruction (2013)

Reconstruction of the lumbosacral junction is a considerable challenge for spinal surgeons due to the unique anatomical constraints of this region as well as the vectors of force that are applied focally in this area. The standard cages, both expandable and nonexpendable, often fail to reconstitute the appropriate anatomical alignment of the lumbosacral junction. This inadequate reconstruction may predispose the patient to continued back pain and neurological symptoms as well as possible pseudarthrosis and instrumentation failure. The authors describe their preoperative planning and the technical characteristics of their novel reconstruction technique at the lumbosacral junction using a cage with adjustable caps. Based precisely on preoperative measurements that maintain the appropriate Cobb angle, they performed reconstruction of the lumbosacral junction in a series of 3 patients. All 3 patients had excellent installation of the cages used for reconstruction. Postoperative CT scans were used to radiographically confirm the appropriate reconstruction of the lumbosacral junction. All patients had a significant reduction in pain, had neurological improvement, and experienced no instrumentation failure at the time of latest follow-up. Taking into account the inherent morphology of the lumbosacral junction and carefully planning the technical characteristics of the cage installation preoperatively and intraoperatively, the authors achieved favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes in all 3 cases. Based on this small case series, this technique for reconstruction of the lumbosacral junction appears to be a safe and appropriate method of reconstruction of the anterior spinal column in this technically challenging region of the spine.
RE: BILIARY PERITONITIS COMPLICATING PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY REQUIRING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY (2005)

No AccessJournal of UrologyLetters to the Editor/Errata1 Feb 2005RE: BILIARY PERITONITIS COMPLICATING PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY REQUIRING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMYis correction ofBiliary Peritonitis Complicating Percutaneous Nephrolithomy Requiring Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy M.B. Fisher, F.J. Bianco, A.M. Carlin, and J.A. Triest M.B. FisherM.B. Fisher More articles by this author , F.J. BiancoF.J. Bianco More articles by this author , A.M. CarlinA.M. Carlin More articles by this author , and J.A. TriestJ.A. Triest More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000151301.72207.3bAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "RE: BILIARY PERITONITIS COMPLICATING PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY REQUIRING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY." The Journal of Urology, 173(2), p. 664 References 1 : Gall bladder puncture during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. BJU Int2002; 90.3cr: 351. Google Scholar Department of Urology; Western General Hospital; Edinburgh; EH4 2XU; United Kingdom; e-mail: [email protected] (Turner), Department of Urology; Raigmore Hospital; Inverness; IV2 3UJ; United Kingdom (Bramwell)© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsRelated articlesJournal of Urology9 Nov 2018Biliary Peritonitis Complicating Percutaneous Nephrolithomy Requiring Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Volume 173Issue 2February 2005Page: 664 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information M.B. Fisher More articles by this author F.J. Bianco More articles by this author A.M. Carlin More articles by this author J.A. Triest More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
High‐Efficiency Motors Using Soft Magnetic Cores (2014)

SUMMARY We have developed a small and highly efficient axial gap motor whose stator core consists of a soft magnetic core. First, the loss sensitivities to various motor design parameters were evaluated by magnetic field analysis. Low sensitivity to the pole number and core dimensions ( ⩽ 2.2 dB) was found for the total loss, which is the sum of the copper loss and the iron losses in the stator core and the rotor yoke. From this we concluded that to improve the motor efficiency, it is essential to reduce the iron loss in the rotor yoke and to minimize the other losses. With this in mind, a prototype axial gap motor was manufactured and tested. The motor has four poles and six slots. The motor is 123 mm in diameter and the axial length is 47 mm. The rotor has parallel magnetized magnets and a rotor yoke with magnetic steel sheets. The maximum measured rotor efficiency is 93%. This value roughly agrees with the maximum calculated efficiency of 95%.
Is Pulse Pressure a Predictor of New-Onset Diabetes in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients? (2010)

Pulse pressure is an independent predictor of new-onset diabetes in high-risk Japanese hypertensive patients. Increased arterial stiffness may be involved in the development of diabetes.
Core–Shell LiFePO4/Carbon‐Coated Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrids for High‐Power Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes (2014)

Core-shell carbon-coated LiFePO4 nanoparticles were hybridized with reduced graphene (rGO) for high-power lithium-ion battery cathodes. Spontaneous aggregation of hydrophobic graphene in aqueous solutions during the formation of composite materials was precluded by employing hydrophilic graphene oxide (GO) as starting templates. The fabrication of true nanoscale carbon-coated LiFePO4 -rGO (LFP/C-rGO) hybrids were ascribed to three factors: 1) In-situ polymerization of polypyrrole for constrained nanoparticle synthesis of LiFePO4 , 2) enhanced dispersion of conducting 2D networks endowed by colloidal stability of GO, and 3) intimate contact between active materials and rGO. The importance of conducting template dispersion was demonstrated by contrasting LFP/C-rGO hybrids with LFP/C-rGO composites in which agglomerated rGO solution was used as the starting templates. The fabricated hybrid cathodes showed superior rate capability and cyclability with rates from 0.1 to 60 C. This study demonstrated the synergistic combination of nanosizing with efficient conducting templates to afford facile Li(+) ion and electron transport for high power applications.
Can Cholesterol Metabolism Modulation Affect Brain Function and Behavior? (2016)

Cholesterol is an important component for cell physiology. It regulates the fluidity of cell membranes and determines the physical and biochemical properties of proteins. In the central nervous system, cholesterol controls synapse formation and function and supports the saltatory conduction of action potential. In recent years, the role of cholesterol in the brain has caught the attention of several research groups since a breakdown of cholesterol metabolism has been associated with different neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, and interestingly also with psychiatric conditions. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the connection between cholesterol dysregulation and various neurologic and psychiatric disorders based on clinical and preclinical studies. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 281–286, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of Glass/EVA/Backsheet Encapsulation Package on the Industrial Rating of c-Si PV Modules (2015)

The impact of reference modules in power rating of PV-modules in the industry is vital. Often the practices used in the industry may deviate to the standard and reference modules of different bill of materials are used than the rated modules. The impact of unmatched with different glass/EVA/backsheet encapsulation on the power rating is the topic of this work. Glass, encapsulants and backsheets respond differently to direct and diffusive components of irradiance altering the angular response of the device. The first may introduce angular mismatch which may exceed ±1%, k=2 in solar simulators with considerable diffusive light out of a field of view of 30°. In such cases the diffusive component of solar simulator light is significant. In addition glass and EVA combinations may impact the SR response of the device and in particular the UV response. The underlying spectral mismatch may introduce errors, which exceed 2% even in solar simulators of class A spectral matching. Last, but not least it is shown that when consistent rating methods are applied, the combined measurement uncertainty of angular and spectral mismatch can be reduced to ±0.35%, k=2; practically the measurement uncertainty itself.
The second harmonic heating system for the NORTH tokamak (2023)

A substantial contribution in the understanding of fusion plasmas can be achieved by conducting experiments in simplified plasma devices. One of those devices is NORTH, located in Denmark. Part of the research activity on NORTH is focused on non-linear interaction of microwaves with toroidally magnetized plasmas. An additional microwave heating system was recently installed in the device. The source can deliver 800 W of 5.8 GHz microwaves, which are coupled into the plasma by a custom-made 3D printed horn antenna. The antenna design was validated by numerical modelling and experimental measurements. Here we discuss this validation, and describe the system and its commissioning. Additionally, we present a newly developed diagnostic to monitor the plasma response in the frequency range up to 6 GHz, based on a fast 12.5 GS/s digitizer. By exploiting this system, we have characterized the new source. Furthermore, we have preliminary investigated the interaction of the 5.8 GHz microwave with the plasma, and we present first observations of wave coupling in NORTH.
Direct effect of heavy ions and electrons on 2′-deoxyguanosine in the solid state (1998)

Attempts have been made in this work to gain insights into the mechanisms of the formation of degradation products arising from the exposure of 2′-deoxyguanosine (dGuo) in the solid state to O7+ heavy ions of 10.6 MeV u–1 (LET ≈ 500 keV µm–1). The main decomposition products of dGuo have been isolated by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography and characterized by extensive spectroscopic (1H and 13C NMR, mass spectrometry, UV) measurements. Reaction mechanisms, involving the transient formation of sugar and purine radical, are proposed to explain the generation of the heavy ion-mediated degradation products. Another major objective of the present work is the comparison of heavy ion-induced modifications of 2′-deoxyguanosine with those produced by lower LET radiation. For this purpose, the samples of 2′-deoxyguanosine were exposed in the solid state to electrons of 2 MeV (LET ≈ 0.18 keV µm–1). It may be inferred from the results of the qualitative and semi-quantitative comparison that the modifications of the sugar moiety are more efficiently induced by heavy ions than by electrons.
Pyrene degradation of biofilm-forming Paracoccus sp. DG25 isolated from oil polluted samples collected in petroleum storage Duc Giang, Hanoi (2014)

In this study, a well biofilm-forming bacterial strain was isolated from oil contaminated water and sediment samples collected in petroleum storage Duc Giang, Hanoi. It was identified as Paracoccus sp. DG25 and registered in the GenBank database with the accession numbers KJ608354. Several biophysical and bio-chemical conditions for the biofilm formation of the strain were estimated such as pH, temperature, carbon sources and nitrogen sources. As the results the biofilm forming capacity was highest at pH 7, 37 oC, on maltose and supplemented with KNO3. Using these optimal conditions, the formed biofilm degraded 76.07 % of pyrene after 7 day-incubation, with the initial concentration of 300 ppm by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. To our knowledge, there is rare publication on pyrene degradation by biofilm-forming bacteria. Therefore, the obtained results show that biofilm formed the strain Paracoccus sp. DG25 may considerably increase the degrading efficiency of pyrene and may lead to a new approach to treat polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons containing in petroleum oil contaminated water in Vietnam. Trong nghiên cứu này, từ các mẫu đất và nước nhiễm dầu lấy tại kho xăng Đức Giang, Hà Nội, chúng tôi đã phân lập được chủng vi khuẩn có khả năng tạo màng sinh học tốt. Chủng vi khuẩn này đã được phân loại và định tên là Paracoccus sp. DG25 với số đăng ký trên ngân hàng Gen là KJ608354. Chúng tôi cũng đã nghiên cứu một số điều kiện hóa lý ảnh hưởng tới khả năng hình thành màng sinh học như pH, nhiệt độ, nguồn Carbon và nguồn Nitơ. Kết quả cho thấy, chủng DG25 có khả năng tạo màng tốt nhất ở các điều kiện pH 7, 37 oC, nguồn Carbon là maltose và nguồn Nitơ là KNO3. Sử dụng các điều kiện tối ưu này để tạo màng và đánh giá khả năng phân hủy pyrene của màng tạo thành. Bằng phương pháp sắc ký lỏng cao áp, chúng tôi đã đánh giá được hàm lượng pyrene bị phân hủy sau 7 ngày nuôi tĩnh bởi màng sinh học của chủng DG25 lên tới 76,07 % với nồng độ ban đầu là 300 ppm. Cho tới nay, chưa có nhiều công bố về hiệu quả phân hủy pyrene của các chủng vi khuẩn tạo màng sinh học. Do vậy, kết quả đạt được này mở ra khả năng sử dụng màng tạo thành bởi chủng DG25 để nâng cao hiệu quả phân hủy pyren và có thể mở ra phương pháp mới nhằm xử lý các hợp chất hydrocarbon thơm có trong nước ô nhiễm dầu ở Việt Nam.
Decreased Pituitary Growth Hormone Response to Growth Hormone-Releasing Factor in Cafeteria-Fed Rats: Dietary and Obesity Effects (1990)

The in vivo and in vitro growth hormone (GH) responsiveness to growth hormone-releasing factor [rGRF(1-29)NH2] was evaluated in a dietary obese rat model. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups after weaning. The control group received a semisynthetic defined diet, and the cafeteria-fed group was maintained on a mixed energy-rich palatable diet. After 2 months of diet, the cafeteria-fed rats were divided into two groups, according to their degree of weight gain compared to controls: group I: 0%; group II: 24%. After 5 months of diet, the weight increase was, respectively, in groups I and II, 12 and 41%, as compared to controls. Under pentobarbital anesthesia, rGRF(1-29)NH2 was injected intravenously in two consecutive doses of 0.8 and 4.0 micrograms/kg body weight into the control and cafeteria-fed rats. After 2 months of diet, a significant decrease of basal GH levels and GH peak response to the 4.0 micrograms/kg rGRF dose was observed in both cafeteria-fed rat groups as compared to the control group. After 5 months of diet, basal GH levels decreased in both cafeteria-fed groups. However, a significantly blunted GH response to both doses of rGRF occurred only in group II. After 5 months of diet, perifused anterior pituitary cells of control and cafeteria-fed rats were challenged with increasing concentrations of rGRF (6.25, 25 and 100 pM). The basal GH secretion was similar in all groups but the stimulated GH release in response to 25 and 100 pM GRF, expressed as peak value, was depressed in group II, compared to controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A system identification approach to quantifying lumbar trunk loads. (1992)

Low back pain is often associated with the performance of physically heavy tasks which can involve large loads on the lumbar trunk. This dissertation was an investigation into the use of myoelectric signals (MES) to quantify isometric lumbar muscle and spine loads during tasks which involve complex, time-varying loadings of the torso. This dissertation is presented as a series of three papers. The first paper deals with developing, identifying and validating mathematical models of the relationship between MES and isometric time-varying muscle contraction forces. The relationship between normalized rms MES from fourteen lumbar muscles and the three dimensional moments about the spine was written as an Output Error model. Nonlinear optimization was used to calibrate the model for each subject using experimentally measured MES and moment data. The model was shown to predict both slowly and rapidly varying moments in the sagittal, frontal and coronal planes with good accuracy. The second paper investigates muscle recruitment patterns including the use of cocontraction during the slow and rapid development of trunk flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial moments. Cocontraction was quantified by comparing the MES-predicted muscle forces to what is minimally necessary to maintain moment equilibrium. During sagittal tasks, cocontraction contributed from 15% to 20% to the sum of muscle forces across a lumbar cross-section. During the development of lateral and axial moments, cocontractions were substantially larger which suggests substantial muscle activities are used to stiffen the spine and/or maintain posture at other levels of the trunk. The third paper uses MES to predict lumbar muscle and spine loads during a series of three-dimensional dynamic pulling tasks. Over all tasks, the largest predicted stresses were in those muscles having the greatest spatial effectiveness to develop the lumbar task moment. Relatively large intensities were seen in some muscles with poor spatial effectiveness during complex loading tasks which involved lateral bending and/or axial moments. These intensities were primarily seen in the latissimus dorsi and abdominal oblique muscles indicating that these muscles are used to equalize moments generated by other muscles, stiffen the spine and maintain posture during such tasks.
Age Difference in Perceived Ease of Use, Curiosity, and Implicit Negative Attitude toward Robots (2019)

Understanding older adults’ attitudes toward robots has become increasingly important as robots have been introduced in various settings, such as retirement homes. We investigated whether there are age differences in both implicit and explicit attitudes toward robots after interacting with an assistive robot. Twenty-four younger and 24 older adults were recruited. Explicit attitudes were measured by self-reported questionnaires both before and after interacting with the robot. State curiosity toward robots was also measured as a momentary form of explicit attitude. Implicit attitude was measured via an implicit association test. Our results showed that (1) both older and younger adults had more positive explicit attitudes toward robots after interaction; (2) older adults had lower state curiosity than younger adults, however, their state curiosity would be up to the same level as younger adults when they perceived the robot with higher levels of personal association; and (3) the implicit association between robots and negative words was stronger for older adults than younger adults, suggesting that older adults had more implicit negative attitude toward robots. The results suggest that, despite older adults’ relatively more negative implicit attitude toward robots, personally relevant positive experiences could help improve their explicit attitudes toward robots.
326 Tensile properties of carbon nanotubes grown on carbon fibers (2010)

The tensile properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown on high tensile strength polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based (T1000GB) carbon fibers have been investigated. The Fe(C_5H5_)_2 (ferrocene) catalyst was applied to the T1000GB fiber bundles using thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in vacuum. The CNTs were also grown on the carbon fiber surface using thermal CVD. The CNTs grown on carbon fibers were examined using a high resolution scanning electron microscope. Tensile tests of single carbon fibers were performed using a universal testing machine at gauge length of 5 and 25 mm. The statistical scattering of the tensile strength was also evaluated. The results clearly show that grafting of CNTs improves the mechanical properties and the Weibull modulus of high tensile strength PAN-based carbon fibers.
Uncatalysed Oxidative C‒H Amination of 9,10-Dihydro-9-Heteroanthracenes: A Mechanistic Study (2019)

A new method for the one-step C‒H amination of xanthene and thioxanthene with sulfonamides is reported, without the need for any metal catalyst. A benzoquinone is employed as a hydride (or two-electron and one-proton) acceptor. Moreover, a previously unknown and uncatalysed reaction between iminoiodanes and xanthene, thioxanthene and dihydroacridines (9,10-dihydro-9-hetero-anthracenes or dihydroheteroanthracenes) is disclosed. The reactions proceed via hydride transfer from the heteroarene substrate to the iminoiodane or benzoquinone, followed by conjugate addition of the sulfonamide to the oxidized heteroaromatic compounds. These findings may have important mechanistic implications for metal-catalysed C‒H amination processes involving nitrene transfer from iminoiodanes to dihydroheteroanthracenes. Due to the weak C‒H bond, xanthene is an often-employed substrate in mechanistic studies of C‒H amination reactions, which are generally proposed to proceed via metal-catalysed nitrene insertion, especially for reactions involving nitrene or imido complexes that are less reactive (i.e. less strongly oxidizing). However, these substrates clearly undergo non-catalysed (proton-coupled) redox coupling with amines, thus providing alternative pathways to the widely assumed metal-catalysed pathways.
High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder observations of polar stratospheric clouds and subvisible cirrus (2007)

The High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) cloud detection and cloud top determination algorithm is described and applied to 2005–2007 HIRDLS radiance profiles. Statistical averages of HIRDLS and correlative cloud data are highly correlated. The 1998–2005 Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) and HIRDLS time averaged cloud top pressures have a correlation coefficient of 0.87 and 0.93 in the tropics and midlatitudes, respectively. Time series of the temperature T &lt; 195 K hemispherical area, on the 450 K potential temperature surface, and the total number of polar stratospheric clouds observed by the HIRDLS experiment in January and February 2005 have a correlation coefficient of 0.92. HALOE and HIRDLS normalized distributions of cloud counts, expressed as a function of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), have a correlation coefficient of 0.99. Tropical averages of 1998–2005 HALOE and HIRDLS cloud occurrence frequencies at 82 and 100 hPa are within 25% of each other, and the morphology of latitude‐longitude contour maps of cloud frequency are similar. Colocated Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE III) and HIRDLS cloud top pressure values in 2005 have a correlation coefficient of 0.85 when the distance between observations is less than 100 km and the time difference is less than 6 h. Correlations between colocated SAGE III and HIRDLS cloud top pressures improve as space and time differences decrease.
Engineering of a System for the Production of Mutant Human Alpha-Fetoprotein in the Methylotrophic Yeast Pichia pastoris (2016)

A system for the production of mutant recombinant human alpha-fetoprotein (rhAFPO) lacking the glycosylation site has been engineered in the yeast Pichia pastoris. A strain of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris GS 115/pPICZ?A/rhAFP0, which produces unglycosylated rhAFPO and secretes it to the culture medium, has been constructed. Optimization and scale-up of the fermentation technology have resulted in an increase in the rhAFP0 yield to 20 mg/L. A scheme of isolation and purification of biologically active rhAFP0 has been developed. The synthesized protein has the antitumor activity, which is analogous to the activity of natural human embryonic alpha-fetoprotein.
Radial artery calcification in end‐stage renal disease patients is associated with deposition of osteopontin and diminished expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (2008)

Vascular calcification in uraemia radial arteries is mainly located in the media layer. The risk factors appear to be older age, an elevated serum level of phosphorus, calcium and calcium x phosphorus product.