gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Triphenylpyrazine: methyl substitution to achieve deep blue AIE emitters (2019)

Based on our deep comprehension of the unique excited state decay process of tetraphenylpyrazine derivatives, triphenylpyrazine-3-carbazole (<bold>TrPP-3C</bold>) was designed by replacing the phenyl group with a methyl group at the 3-position of pyrazine.
Recovery of piecewise smooth density and Lamé parameters from high-frequency exterior Cauchy data (2022)

We consider an isotropic elastic medium occupying a bounded domain D whose density and Lamé parameters are piecewise smooth. In the elastic wave initial value inverse problem, we are given the solution operator for the elastic wave equation, but only outside the domain D and only for initial data supported outside D, and we study the recovery of the density and Lamé parameters. For known density, results have recently been obtained using the scattering control method to recover wave speeds. Here, we extend this result to include the recovery of the density in addition to the Lamé parameters under certain geometric conditions using techniques from microlocal analysis and a connection to local tensor tomography.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane on Vanadium, Molybdenum, and Tungsten Oxides (2000)

The effect of cation identity on oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) pathways was examined using two-dimensional VOx, MoOx, and WOx structures supported on ZrO2. The similar kinetic rate expressions obtained on MoOx and VOx catalysts confirmed that oxidative dehydrogenation of propane occurs via similar pathways, which involve rate-determining C−H bond activation steps using lattice oxygen atoms. The activation energies for propane dehydrogenation and for propene combustion increase in the sequence VOx/ZrO2 < MoOx/ZrO2 < WOx/ZrO2; the corresponding reaction rates decrease in this sequence, suggesting that turnover rates reflect C−H bond cleavage activation energies, which are in turn influenced by the reducibility of these metal oxides. Propane ODH activation energies are higher than for propene combustion. This leads to an increase in maximum alkene yields and in the ratio of rate constants for propane ODH and propene combustion as temperature increases. This difference in activation energy (48−61 kJ/mol) between propane ODH and propene combustion is larger than between bond dissociation enthalpies for the weakest C−H bond in propane and propene (40 kJ/mol) and it increases in the sequence VOx/ZrO2 < MoOx/ZrO2 < WOx/ZrO2. These results suggest that relative propane ODH and propene combustion rates depend not only on C−H bond energy differences but also on the adsorption enthalpies for propene and propane, which reflect the Lewis acidity of cations involved in π bonding of alkenes on oxide surfaces. The observed difference in activation energies between propane ODH and propene combustion increases as the Lewis acidity of the cations increases (V5+ < Mo6+ < W6+).
Characterization of a Hollow Fiber Bioartificial Liver Device (2005)

A three-compartment bioartificial liver (BAL) has been developed for potential treatment of fulminant hepatic failure. It has been shown previously that viability and liver-specific functions were maintained in laboratory-scale bioreactors of such design. In this study, the performance of hepatocytes in a clinical-scale bioartificial liver was verified by sustained specific production rates of albumin and urea, along with oxygen consumption rates for up to 56 h and liver-specific gene expression for up to 72 h. In addition, transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus and other type C retroviral particles across the hollow fibers was not detected under both normal and extreme operating fluxes. These results demonstrate that the clinical-scale BAL performs at a level similar to the laboratory scale and that it offers a viral barrier against porcine retroviruses.
Superlattice microrefrigerators fusion bonded with optoelectronic devices (2005)

A three-dimensional (3-D) electrothermal model was developed to study the InP-based thin-film In/sub 0.53/Ga/sub 0.47/As/In/sub 0.52/Al/sub 0.48/As superlattice (SL) microrefrigerators for various device sizes, ranging from 40/spl times/40 to 120/spl times/120/spl mu/m /sup 2/. We discussed both the maximum cooling and cooling power densities (CPDs) for experimental devices, analyzed their nonidealities, and proposed an optimized structure. The simulation results demonstrated that the experimental devices with an optimized structure can achieve a maximum cooling of 3/spl deg/C, or equivalently, a CPD over 300W/cm/sup 2/. Furthermore, we found it was possible to achieve a maximum cooling of over 10/spl deg/C; equivalently, a CPD over 900W/cm/sup 2/, when the figure of merit (ZT) of InGaAs/InAlAs SL was enhanced five times with nonconserved lateral momentum structures. Besides monolithic growth, we also proposed a fusion bonding scheme to simply bond the microrefrigerator chip on the back of the hot spots, defined as two-chip integration model in this paper. The cooling effect of this model was analyzed using ANSYS simulations.
Comparing CAR T-cell toxicity grading systems: application of the ASTCT grading system and implications for management (2020)

Various grading systems are currently used for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell-related toxicity, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). We compared the recently proposed American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT) grading system to other grading scores in 2 populations of adults: patients (n = 53) with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) treated with 1928z CAR T-cells (clinicaltrials.gov #NCT01044069), and patients (n = 49) with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with axicabtagene-ciloleucel (axi-cel) or tisagenlecleucel after US Food and Drug Administration approval. According to ASTCT grading, 82% of patients had CRS, 87% in the B-ALL and 77% in the DLBCL groups (axi-cel: 86%, tisagenlecleucel: 54%), whereas 50% of patients experienced ICANS, 55% in the B-ALL and 45% in the DLBCL groups (axi-cel: 55%, tisagenlecleucel: 15%). All grading systems agreed on CRS and ICANS diagnosis in 99% and 91% of cases, respectively. However, when analyzed grade by grade, only 25% and 54% of patients had the same grade in each system for CRS and ICANS, respectively, as different systems score symptoms differently (upgrading or downgrading their severity), leading to inconsistent final grades. Investigation of possible management implications in DLBCL patients showed that different recommendations on tocilizumab and steroids across current guidelines potentially result in either overtreating or delaying treatment. Moreover, because these guidelines are based on single products and different grading systems, they cannot be universally applied. To avoid discrepancies in assessing and managing toxicities of different products, we propose that unified grading be used across clinical trials and in practice and that paired management guidelines with product-specific indications be developed.
Supplementary Figure S1 from TMPRSS2 Fusions with Oncogenic ETS Factors in Prostate Cancer Involve Unbalanced Genomic Rearrangements and Are Associated with HDAC1 and Epigenetic Reprogramming (2023)

Supplementary Figure S1 from TMPRSS2 Fusions with Oncogenic ETS Factors in Prostate Cancer Involve Unbalanced Genomic Rearrangements and Are Associated with HDAC1 and Epigenetic Reprogramming
Differential Regulation of T-cell Immunity and Tolerance by Stromal Laminin Expressed in the Lymph Node (2019)

Laminins α4 and α5 are coinhibitory and costimulatory ligands for human and mouse CD4 T cells, respectively. Laminins and their receptors modulate immune responses by acting as one of the molecular switches for immunity or suppression.
Simultaneous excitation of N single colloidal quantum dots (2009)

We report on the implementation of a new microscopy device that allows us to selectively excite up to 20 quantum dots simultaneously and collect their fluorescence. We use it to excite and observe single CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, which are known to be single photon emitters at room temperature. Complex excitation timings can be realised. The microscope works in confocal mode with a resolution of 2 micrometers and a field of view of 20 micrometers. We discuss applications of our device in quantum optics (imaging with incoherent single photons) and quantum cryptography (wavelength multiplexed quantum cryptography and “multi-colour” quantum cryptography).
Helical magnetorotational instability in a Taylor-Couette flow with strongly reduced Ekman pumping (2009)

The magnetorotational instability (MRI) is thought to play a key role in the formation of stars and black holes by sustaining the turbulence in hydrodynamically stable Keplerian accretion disks. In previous experiments the MRI was observed in a liquid metal Taylor-Couette flow at moderate Reynolds numbers by applying a helical magnetic field. The observation of this helical MRI (HMRI) was interfered with a significant Ekman pumping driven by solid end caps that confined the instability only to a part of the Taylor-Couette cell. This paper describes the observation of the HMRI in an improved Taylor-Couette setup with the Ekman pumping significantly reduced by using split end caps. The HMRI, which now spreads over the whole height of the cell, appears much sharper and in better agreement with numerical predictions. By analyzing various parameter dependencies we conclude that the observed HMRI represents a self-sustained global instability rather than a noise-sustained convective one.
Retrograde Drilling of Osteochondral Lesions of the Medial Talar Dome (1999)

Sixteen patients (16 ankles) with symptomatic osteochondral lesions of the medial talar dome were treated arthroscopically with percutaneous retrograde drilling through the sinus tarsi. The surgical technique allows preservation of intact articular cartilage, in contrast to traditional methods. All patients treated with this technique during a 24-month period were included in the study. Patient age ranged from 16 to 44 years (mean, 33 years). Follow-up ranged from 19 to 38 months (mean, 24 months). A staging system based on magnetic resonance imaging examination was used to grade the lesions preoperatively. Outcome was evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scale. Preoperative scores ranged from 35 to 75 points, with a mean of 53.9 points. Postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scores ranged from 48 to 100 points, with a mean of 82.6 points. Mean improvement was 25 points. There were no surgical complications. Short-term results were comparable to results reported with other available techniques.
Coordinating the in vivo processes for minicircle production - a novel approach to large scale manufacturing (2018)

ABSTRACT Safety as well as efficiency issues in connection with bacterial backbone sequences should be carefully considered when designing new DNA vaccines or non-viral gene therapy approaches. Bacterial backbone sequences like antibiotic resistance markers or regulatory bacterial elements constitute biological safety risks and reduce the overall efficiency of the DNA agent. To overcome these problems the minicircle technology has been developed. But, despite all the obvious advantages, minicircles have so far not replaced their problem laden conventional counterpart in gene transfer applications what can be contributed to efficiency issues in large scale manufacturing. In this article we describe the combined efforts of experts in the field of minicircle development, large scale biomanufacturing and downstream process development to provide a new approach. The Recombination Based Plasmid Separation (RBPS) Technology, which has already solved crucial problems associated with minicircle-DNA production, has been developed further for this purpose. A novel parental plasmid exploiting advanced in vivo process coordination for restriction and subsequent degradation of miniplasmid-DNA will be introduced. Furthermore we describe the scale-up of minicircle-DNA production by fermentation in combination with high performance downstream processes including purification by ion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography on monolithic material.
Comparison of results of calibrating the magnitude of the sensitivity of accelerometers by laser interferometry and reciprocity (1999)

The development of a new electrodynamic shaker permits the calibration of accelerometers by two independent and absolute methods using the same shaker. Minimizing the uncertainty in the calibration of accelerometers by the reciprocity method requires minimization of the cross-axis component of the induced motion, and the distortion of its waveform. Minimizing the uncertainty in the calibration of accelerometers by the laser interferometric fringe-counting method requires minimization of the mechanical coupling between the moving element of the shaker and the optical components of the interferometer. The design of the new shaker provides for minimal distortion and cross-axis motion in combination with a very large mechanical impedance between the moving element of the shaker and the optical components of the interferometer. The shaker is equipped with dual coils and two retractable magnets to provide for reciprocity measurements without having to attach a secondary source of vibration located external to the moving element. This paper presents a comparison of calibration results obtained using the two methods and describes the shaker and calibration systems.
Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Design, Automation & Test in Europe (2016)

DATE is a leading international event and unique networking opportunity for design and engineering of Systems-on-Chip, Systems-on-Board and Embedded Systems Software.
Silane coupling agents. Part IX. Epoxyfunctional carbosilanes (2004)

Epoxyfunctional carbosilanes are a group of silane coupling agents, which because of their structures and properties are applied as crosslinking agents, adhesion promoters or modifiers of fillers and mineral surfaces. Methods of syntheses [equation (2) and (3)], properties and characteristics as well as main directions of applications of epoxyfunctional carbosilanes, especially 3-glicydoxypropyltrialkoxysilanes [Formula (I)] and beta-(3,4--epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrialkoxysilanes [Formula (II)] have been presented. The first ones are used mainly as silane coupling agents while the other ones as modifiers of polymers. Technology, developed by authors, of 3-glicydoxypropyltriethoxysilane synthesis basing on catalytic process of allyl-glicydyl ether hydrosilylation is a base of this silane production at the UNISIL Co., Ltd. in Tarnów, Poland.
mdmx is a negative regulator of p53 activity in vivo. (2002)

Regulation of p53 protein activity is required for normal embryogenesis, tumor suppression, and cellular response to DNA damage. Here we report that loss of mdmx, a p53-binding protein, results in midgestational embryo lethality, a phenotype that is completely rescued by the absence of p53. Mice homozygous for both mdmx and p53 null mutations are viable and appear developmentally normal. Fibroblasts derived from embryos with reduced mdmx expression demonstrate a decreased growth rate and increased UV-induced apoptosis compared with wild-type cells and contain elevated levels of p53 and several p53 target proteins including the proapoptotic bax protein. These observations demonstrate that mdmx functions as a critical negative regulator of p53 in vivo.
Prospects for X-ray amplification with charge-displacement self-channeling (1989)

The authors develop an analytic theory of charge-displacement self-channeling, a mechanism that can dynamically trap a short intense pulse of light. Attention is focused on the case of most interest for X-ray amplification: the strongly saturated channel, for which all free electrons are expelled from the channel core and the channel walls are overdense. Some curious results are: (1) the intensity at the channel walls is independent of the total laser power, (2) the radius of the channel increases very slowly with laser power, asymptotically as the fourth root, and (3) the power in the channel wall is a constant. It is also found that the channel is an effective waveguide for all secondary radiation. Scaling studies show that there is a substantial advantage in using the highest-frequency driving laser available. The channel is ideal for generating coherent short-wavelength radiation, perhaps well into the X-ray range.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Monocyte, Neutrophil and Whole Blood Transcriptome Dynamics Following Ischemic Stroke (2022)

Abstract Background After ischemic stroke (IS), peripheral leukocytes infiltrate the damaged region and modulate the response to injury. Peripheral blood cells display distinctive gene expression signatures post IS and these transcriptional programs reflect changes in immune responses to IS. Dissecting the temporal dynamics of gene expression after IS improves our understanding of immune and clotting responses at the molecular and cellular level that are involved in acute brain injury and may assist with time-targeted, cell-specific therapy. Methods The transcriptomic profiles from peripheral monocytes, neutrophils, and whole blood from 38 ischemic stroke patients and 18 controls were analyzed with RNAseq as a function of time and etiology after stroke. Differential expression analyses were performed at 0-24 h, 24-48 h, and &gt;48 h following stroke. Results Unique patterns of temporal gene expression and pathways were distinguished for monocytes, neutrophils and whole blood with enrichment of interleukin signaling pathways for different timepoints and stroke etiologies. Compared to control subjects, gene expression was generally up-regulated in neutrophils and generally down- regulated in monocytes over all times for cardioembolic, large vessel and small vessel strokes. Self-Organizing Maps identified gene clusters with similar trajectories of gene expression over time for different stroke causes and sample types. Weighted Gene Co- expression Network Analyses identified modules of co-expressed genes that significantly varied with time after stroke and included hub genes of immunoglobulin genes in whole blood. Conclusions Altogether, the identified genes and pathways are critical for understanding how the immune and clotting systems change over time after stroke. This study identifies potential time- and cell-specific biomarkers and treatment targets.
Chemokine Receptor Inhibitor vMIP-II Promoting Lymphocytes in COVID-19 Patients and Its Related Mechanism In Vitro (2020)

Abstract Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) accompanies severe immune injury as well as a decrease and overactivation of T lymphocytes. We observed that vMIP-Ⅱ, a broad-spectrum chemokine receptor inhibitor, could improve the lymphocyte decrease of COVID-19. Comparisons of T cell populations in PBMCs showed that the effects of vMIP-II on the subsets of T cells and cytokine secretion stimulated by SARS-CoV-2 S protein were the same as those in the asymptomatic infection group: the proportion of CD8 + T CM cells in the vMIP-II treatment and asymptomatic groups was significantly higher than that in the symptomatic control group. Differential gene expression of effector CD8 + T cells suggested that vMIP-II inhibits multiple chemokine receptors and related signal pathway and strengthens their stem proliferating capacity. Thus, vMIP-II reconstitutes cellular immunity lost due to acute infection of SARS-CoV-2 by modulating effector CD8 + T cells to produce more T CM cells.
Design for high-power, single-lobe, grating-surface-emitting quantum cascade lasers enabled by plasmon-enhanced absorption of antisymmetric modes (2014)

Resonant coupling of the transverse-magnetic polarized (guided) optical mode of a quantum-cascade laser (QCL) to the antisymmetric surface-plasmon modes of 2nd-order distributed-feedback (DFB) metal/semiconductor gratings results in strong antisymmetric-mode absorption. In turn, lasing in the symmetric mode, that is, surface emission in a single-lobe far-field beam pattern, is strongly favored over controllable ranges in grating duty cycle and tooth height. By using core-region characteristics of a published 4.6 μm-emitting QCL, grating-coupled surface-emitting (SE) QCLs are analyzed and optimized for highly efficient single-lobe operation. For infinite-length devices, it is found that when the antisymmetric mode is resonantly absorbed, the symmetric mode has negligible absorption loss (∼0.1 cm−1) while still being efficiently outcoupled, through the substrate, by the DFB grating. For finite-length devices, 2nd-order distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) gratings are used on both sides of the DFB grating to prevent uncontrolled reflections from cleaved facets. Equations for the threshold-current density and the differential quantum efficiency of SE DFB/DBR QCLs are derived. For 7 mm-long, 8.0 μm-wide, 4.6 μm-emitting devices, with an Ag/InP grating of ∼39% duty cycle, and ∼0.22 μm tooth height, threshold currents as low as 0.45 A are projected. Based on experimentally obtained internal efficiency values from high-performance QCLs, slope efficiencies as high as 3.4 W/A are projected; thus, offering a solution for watt-range, single-lobe CW operation from SE, mid-infrared QCLs.
<title>Application of three interferometric techniques to the NDE of composite materials</title> (1994)

This paper examines the application of Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI), Electronic Shearography (ES), and Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) to the detection of damage in fiber reinforced composite materials. Each of these techniques is sensitive to a different displacement parameter. ESPI detects changes in the out-of-plane displacement, ES indicates the change in the surface slope and LDV provides dynamic information on the structure (dynamic stiffness and loss factor). Experiments were done to evaluate the potential of each of these techniques for detecting impact damage in fiber reinforced composite materials. The results indicated that the three methods provide complimentary information. LDV is a fast screening procedure while ESPI and ES can provide information on the extent and location of the damage.
Large photocurrents in GaN porous structures with a redshift of the photoabsorption edge (2015)

Photoresponse and photoabsorption properties of GaN porous structures were investigated by measuring photocurrent and spectroscopic photoabsorption under monochromatic light with various wavelengths. The measured photocurrents on the porous GaN electrodes were larger than those on the planar electrodes due to the unique features of the former electrode, such as large surface area and low photoreflectance properties. Moreover, the photocurrents were observed even under illumination with wavelength of 380 nm, corresponding to photon energy of 3.26 eV, which is 130 meV lower than the bandgap energy of bulk GaN. A potential simulation revealed that a high-electric field was induced at the pore tips due to modification of the potential in the porous structures. The observed redshift of the photoabsorption edge can be qualitatively explained by the Franz-Keldysh effect.