gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Curriculum Learning with Hindsight Experience Replay for Sequential\n Object Manipulation Tasks (2020)

Learning complex tasks from scratch is challenging and often impossible for\nhumans as well as for artificial agents. A curriculum can be used instead,\nwhich decomposes a complex task (target task) into a sequence of source tasks\n(the curriculum). Each source task is a simplified version of the next source\ntask with increasing complexity. Learning then occurs gradually by training on\neach source task while using knowledge from the curriculum's prior source\ntasks. In this study, we present a new algorithm that combines curriculum\nlearning with Hindsight Experience Replay (HER), to learn sequential object\nmanipulation tasks for multiple goals and sparse feedback. The algorithm\nexploits the recurrent structure inherent in many object manipulation tasks and\nimplements the entire learning process in the original simulation without\nadjusting it to each source task. We have tested our algorithm on three\nchallenging throwing tasks and show vast improvements compared to vanilla-HER.\n
Cost-based query transformation in Oracle (2006)

This paper describes cost-based query transformation in Oracle relational database system, which is a novel phase in query optimization. It discusses a suite of heuristic- and cost-based transformations performed by Oracle. It presents the framework for cost-based query transformation, the need for such a framework, possible interactions among some of the transformation, and efficient algorithms for enumerating the search space of cost-based transformations. It describes a practical technique to combine cost-based transformations with a traditional physical optimizer. Some of the challenges of cost-based transformation are highlighted. Our experience shows that some transformations when performed in a cost-based manner lead to significant execution time improvements.
Cob gene pyrosequencing enables characterization of benthic dinoflagellate diversity and biogeography (2013)

Dinoflagellates in marine benthic habitats living epiphytically on macroalgae are an important but highly understudied group of protists. Many produce toxins that can have severe economic impacts on marine-based economies, and improved monitoring tools are required to enhance the management of toxin-related hazards. We analysed the distribution and diversity of epibenthic dinoflagellates inhabiting eight sites in Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Papua New Guinea, and Broome and Exmouth, Western Australia. We used pyrosequencing approaches based on two DNA barcoding marker genes - 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and mitochondrial cytochrome b (cob) - and compared these to an approach based on clone libraries (197 sequences) using the cob gene. Dinoflagellate sequences accounted for 133 [64 unique operational taxonomic units (OTU)] out of 10 529 18S rRNA gene sequences obtained from all samples. However, using the dinoflagellate specific assay targeting the cob gene marker, we obtained 9748 (1217 unique OTU) dinoflagellate sequences from the same environmental samples, providing the largest, to date, set of dinoflagellate cob gene sequences and reliable estimates of total dinoflagellate richness within the samples and biogeographic comparisons between samples. This study also reports the presence of potentially toxic species of the genera Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis, Coolia, Prorocentrum and Amphidinium from the above-mentioned geographical regions.
Suppression of Frost Nucleation Achieved Using the Nanoengineered Integral Humidity Sink Effect (2016)

Inhibition of frost formation is important for increasing efficiency of refrigeration systems and heat exchangers, as well as for preventing the rapid icing over of water-repellant coatings that are designed to prevent accumulation of rime and glaze. From a thermodynamic point of view, this task can be achieved by either increasing hydrophobicity of the surface or decreasing the concentration of water vapor above it. The first approach has been studied in depth, but so far has not yielded a robust solution to the problem of frost formation. In this work, we systematically explore how frost growth can be inhibited by controlling water vapor concentration using bilayer coatings with a porous exterior covering a hygroscopic liquid-infused layer. We lay the theoretical foundation and provide experimental validation of the mass transport mechanism that governs the integral humidity sink effect based on this coating platform as well as reveal intriguing sizing effects about this system. We show that the concentration profile above periodically spaced pores is governed by the sink and source concentrations and two geometrical parameters: the nondimensional pore size and the ratio of the pore spacing to the boundary layer thickness. We demonstrate that when the ratio of the pore spacing to the boundary layer thickness vanishes, as for the nanoporous bilayer coatings, the entire surface concentration becomes uniform and equal to the concentration set by the hygroscopic liquid. In other words, the surface concentration becomes completely independent of the nanopore size. We identified the threshold geometrical parameters for this condition and show that it can lead to a 65 K decrease in the nucleation onset surface temperature below the dew point. With this fundamental insight, we use bilayer coatings to nanoengineer the integral humidity sink effect to provide extreme antifrosting performance with up to a 2 h delay in nucleation onset at 263 K. The nanoporous bilayer coatings can be designed to combine optimal antifrosting functionality with a superhydrophobic water repelling exterior to provide coatings that can robustly prevent frost, rime, and glaze accumulation. By minimizing the required amount of antifreeze, this anti-icing method can have minimal operational cost and environmental impact.
Lattice-Inspired Broadcast Encryption and Succinct Ciphertext-Policy ABE (2022)

Broadcast encryption remains one of the few remaining central cryptographic primitives that are not yet known to be achievable under a standard cryptographic assumption (excluding obfuscation-based constructions, see below). Furthermore, prior to this work, there were no known direct candidates for post-quantum-secure broadcast encryption. We propose a candidate ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) scheme for circuits, where the ciphertext size depends only on the depth of the policy circuit (and not its size). This, in particular, gives us a Broadcast Encryption (BE) scheme where the size of the keys and ciphertexts have a poly-logarithmic dependence on the number of users. This goal was previously only known to be achievable assuming ideal multilinear maps (Boneh, Waters and Zhandry, Crypto 2014) or indistinguishability obfuscation (Boneh and Zhandry, Crypto 2014) and in a concurrent work from generic bilinear groups and the learning with errors (LWE) assumption (Agrawal and Yamada, Eurocrypt 2020). Our construction relies on techniques from lattice-based (and in particular LWE-based) cryptography. We analyze some attempts at cryptanalysis, but we are unable to provide a security proof.
Cross‐species color banding characterization of chromosomal rearrangements in leukemias with incomplete G‐band karyotypes (1999)

Karyotype analysis has depended on chromosome banding techniques since their introduction in about 1970, and the information thus obtained is indispensable for the clinical management of patients with hematologic malignancies. Sometimes, however, chromosomal rearrangements involve segments too small, too similarly banded, or too complex to be described adequately or even to be detected by G-banding. Cross-species color banding is a new FISH-based screening technique that enables the generation of a specific color banding pattern for each human chromosome based on the genomic homologies between man and various species of apes. We report the first application of cross-species color banding (RxFISH) to characterize the chromosomal rearrangements of 10 leukemia samples the G-band karyotypes of which were incomplete. The combination of G-banding and RxFISH in every case yielded additional information beyond that obtained by either technique used alone, determining the identity of even the most complex, inter- as well as intrachromosomal, rearrangements. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 26:13–19, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The synthesis of triterpenic amides on the basis of 2,3-seco-1-cyano-19β,28-epoxy-18α-oleane-3-oic acid (2010)

Novel 2,3-seco-triterpenic amides were prepared by the interaction of the chloride of 2,3-seco-l-cyano-19beta,28-epoxy-18alpha-oleane-3-oic acid with primary amines and synthetic and biogenic amino acids. A cytotoxic triterpenic conjugate with a residue of the ethyl ester of beta-alanine was found among the synthesized nitrogen-containing derivatives. Treatment with this conjugate in a concentration of 100 muM resulted in the 45.5% survival of melanoma cells in the medium.
5,5-Dimethyl-2,8-diphenyl-5H-dibenzo[b,f]silepine: a synchrotron study (2013)

The molecule of the title silepine compound, C28H24Si, lies on a crystallographic general position but has almost exact mirror symmetry. The seven-membered silepine ring has a boat conformation, with a fold angle of 99.99 (9)° between the C-C=C-C stern and the C-Si-C prow. The planes of the phenyl substituents are rotated by 32.23 (6) and 31.80 (7)° out of the planes of the respective fused benzene rings. Similar folded conformations are found for other dibenzo[b,f]silepines, while analogous dibenzo[b,f]borepines, in which the B atom can participate in conjugation, have a more flattened heterocyclic ring.
Optimum near-field performance of microphone arrays subject to a far-field beampattern constraint (2000)

This article addresses the problem of maximizing the near-field gain of a microphone array subject to a constraint on the far-field beampattern. The problem arises when acquiring speech from a near-field talker in the presence of a strong source of interference located farther from the array. When the angles of incidence from the near-field target and the far-field interference are identical, enforcing a null constraint in the interference direction reduces array gain and robustness. This article shows how to mitigate this effect by selection of the constrained response level. A suitable selection is to force the beampattern in the interference direction to be proportional to the unconstrained beampattern. The proportionality constant can then be used to trade off interference reduction and array gain. Specific numerical examples are provided.
A Foldable, Compact and Lightweight Solar Array Substrate with Large Deployed Wingspan for Small Spacecraft (2020)

A solar array (SA) mechanical subsystem made of thin and lightweight substrates was developed, built and tested for a small spacecraft. The SA is compactly foldable and deployable to a length of approximately five times the widthof the spacecraft. It has miniature hinges and latches, and deploys freely without dampers and synchronizing mechanisms. The solar cell interconnect harness consists ofthin, laminatedflexible circuits,and the substrates feature a syntactic foam core exposed to large temperature extremes. This developmental technology, currently at TRL 6, when completely proven out, would be viable for small satellites and would enable missions in the Express-class. The Express-class (or Express) refers to satellites in the range of 25kg to 100 kg that are positioned in the gap between 12U CubeSats and small ESPA-class spacecraft. Cornerstones of the SA development were compact packaging, deployment dynamic simulation, and hinge-latch tuning for dynamics and lock-up loads. Dynamic deployment simulations were modeled in Adams to observe the behavior of the unfolding array, to size the hinge springs and to monitor the lockup loads at the substrate to hinge interfaces. Extensive substrate mechanical and thermal tests were conducted to verify the substrate’s structural capability and dimensional stability in its operating environment. Thermal tests were carried out to observe the effect of mismatching coefficients of thermal expansion between the adhered flexible laminated interconnect circuits and the substrate. Gravity-negated wing deployment tests were performed at temperature limits and in vacuum to verify the overall design intent of the deployment. The stowed wing was vibration tested to verify its structural capabilities under launch environments, and then deployment tested again to demonstrate that the array as a mechanism was unaffected by launch loads. Mechanically, the Express SA substrate assembly has been advanced in its development and proven out as a structure and mechanism. Further development of the electrical power system is necessary, and additional testing for mechanical and thermal interactions of the solar cells with the overall SA substrate will need to be done. This SA subsystem would be an essential expansion to the Express hardware developed by The Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) for the advancement and enablement of Express-class missions.
Bayesian estimation and Kalman filtering: a unified framework for mobile robot localization (2002)

Decision and estimation theory are closely related topics in applied probability. In this paper, Bayesian hypothesis testing is combined with Kalman filtering to merge two different approaches to map-based mobile robot localization; namely Markov localization and pose tracking. A robot carries proprioceptive sensors that monitor its motion and allow it to estimate its trajectory as it moves away from a known location. A single Kalman filter is used for tracking the pose displacements of the robot between different areas. The robot is also equipped with exteroceptive sensors that seek for landmarks in the environment. Simple feature extraction algorithms process the incoming signals and suggest potential corresponding locations on the map. Bayesian hypothesis testing is applied in order to combine the continuous Kalman filter displacement estimates with the discrete landmark pose measurement events. Within this framework, also known as multiple hypothesis tracking, multimodal probability distribution functions can be represented and this inherent limitation of the Kalman filter is overcome.
Data management research at Technische Universität Darmstadt (2005)

The Databases and Distributed Systems Group at Technische Universität Darmstadt is devoted to research in the areas of data management middleware and reactive, event-based systems. Special emphasis is placed on handling the flow of data and events in a variety of environments: publish/subscribe mechanisms, information dissemination and integration, ubiquitous computing, peer-to-peer infrastructures, and a variety of sensor-based systems ranging from passive RFID infrastructures to active wireless sensor networks. A special concern is placed on non-functional aspects of the middleware, such as performance, scalability and security, where members of our group are involved in the definition of the SPEC family of benchmarks for J2EE (SPECjAppServer200x) and JMS.
Psoriasis: Clinical manifestations, pathogenesis and therapeutic perspectives. (2005)

Extract: Psoriasis, a common inflammatory skin disorder, has recently moved into the limelight of both basic and clinical research. On the one hand, research into its pathogenesis has furthered our general understanding of T cell-mediated autoimmune disorders, and, on the other hand, psoriasis is used increasingly as a primary target disorder for novel therapies that are pathogenesis-oriented. Given that psoriasis affects approximately 2% of the population, it is a truly common skin disease. It is, therefore, somewhat surprising that the first description of psoriasis as a distinct entity dates back only to the year 1841. Geographic and ethnic factors appear to have a significant influence on the prevalence of psoriasis: ranges from 0% in the population of the Pacific islands of Samoa to 12% in the Arctic Kasach'ye have been reported. Ethnic influence is particularly evident when looking at the prevalence in African Americans, which is less than half that of the United States in general. Numerous family studies have provided compelling evidence for a genetic predisposition to develop psoriasis, although the inheritance pattern is still unclear. Genome-wide linkage studies have identified several putative psoriasis susceptibility loci, one of which located in the MHC (major histocompatibility complex, a cluster/locus of genes involved in the immune response of rejection) region on chromosome 6 was found to be present in several populations. This locus, termed "PSORiasis Susceptibility 1" (PSORS1), can thus be considered the major susceptibility locus and is associated with up to 50% of psoriasis cases.
Characterization of Mucosal Disaccharidases from Human Intestine (2017)

In this study, we used a brush border membrane (BBM) preparation from human small intestine to analyze the proportion and the activity of major intestinal disaccharidases, including sucrase-isomaltase (SI), maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM) and lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH). SI, MGAM and LPH respectively constituted 8.2%, 2.7% and 1.4% of total BBM protein. The activity of SI and LPH decreased threefold after purification from the brush border membrane, which highlights the effect of membrane microdomains on the functional capacity of these enzymes. All of the disaccharidases showed optimal activity at pH 6, over 50% residual activity between pH 5 to pH 7, and increasing activity with rising temperatures up to 45 °C, along with a stable functional structure. Therefore the enzymes can withstand mild intraluminal pH alterations with adequate function, and are able to increase their activity with elevated core body temperature. Our data provide a functional measure for characterization of intestinal disaccharidases under different physiological and pathological conditions.
Superconductivity inBaPb1−xBixO3near the metal-semiconductor phase boundary under pressure (1981)

The resistance of Ba${\mathrm{Pb}}_{0.8}$${\mathrm{Bi}}_{0.2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ has been measured as a function of temperature at various pressures. The results show that the compound is made more semiconductorlike by the application of pressure, while its superconducting transition temperature is enhanced before a phase transition, evidenced by a resistance jump, sets in.
See More, Know More: Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation With Co-Attention Siamese Networks (2019)

We introduce a novel network, called as CO-attention Siamese Network (COSNet), to address the unsupervised video object segmentation task from a holistic view. We emphasize the importance of inherent correlation among video frames and incorporate a global co-attention mechanism to improve further the state-of-the-art deep learning based solutions that primarily focus on learning discriminative foreground representations over appearance and motion in short-term temporal segments. The co-attention layers in our network provide efficient and competent stages for capturing global correlations and scene context by jointly computing and appending co-attention responses into a joint feature space. We train COSNet with pairs of video frames, which naturally augments training data and allows increased learning capacity. During the segmentation stage, the co-attention model encodes useful information by processing multiple reference frames together, which is leveraged to infer the frequently reappearing and salient foreground objects better. We propose a unified and end-to-end trainable framework where different co-attention variants can be derived for mining the rich context within videos. Our extensive experiments over three large benchmarks manifest that COSNet outperforms the current alternatives by a large margin. We will publicly release our implementation and models.
Whole-Genome Sequencing and De Novo Assembly of 67 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Strains Isolated from the Skin of Healthy Dogs (2022)

We have <i>de novo</i> assembled 67 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius genomes, with median values of 2.6 Mbp size and 99.43% completeness, 2,386 coding sequences, 19 complete rRNAs, 59 tRNAs, and 4 noncoding RNAs. We released 51 single-contig complete genomes and 16 genomes with a circular main contig using Nanopore sequencing.
L'EXPERIENCE DU CLOCHER : Recherche Sur L'eglise Proustienne (1990)

La scene que nous avons essaye d'analyser dans cette etude, represente un des episodes les plus importants ence qui concerne l'eglise proustienne. Quand le Narrateur contemple avec sa Grand'mere le clocher de l'eglise Saint-Hilaire de Combray, ils partagent l'experience d'un meme phenomene architectural. Nous y distinguons deux modes de l'etre-clocher. D'abord, le clocher est une chose dont la perception commune rend possible la communication d' ≪impressions≫ individuelles. L'individualite devient ainsi comprehensible et transmissible. Ensuite, le clocher re-presente une figure qui realise une certaine constitution ontologique propre a l'etre humain, dont l'interpretation nous est confiee par des figures. Si donc cette sorte de figure-chose etablit une ≪communion≫ intersubjective, le lieu que l'on habite peut acquerir un fondement existentiel.
DeepMito: accurate prediction of protein sub-mitochondrial localization using convolutional neural networks (2019)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
REDEX: The ranging equipment diagnostic expert system (1989)

REDEX, an advanced prototype expert system that diagnoses hardware failures in the Ranging Equipment (RE) at NASA's Ground Network tracking stations is described. REDEX will help the RE technician identify faulty circuit cards or modules that must be replaced, and thereby reduce troubleshooting time. It features a highly graphical user interface that uses color block diagrams and layout diagrams to illustrate the location of a fault. A semantic network knowledge representation technique was used to model the design structure of the RE. A catalog of generic troubleshooting rules was compiled to represent heuristics that are applied in diagnosing electronic equipment. Specific troubleshooting rules were identified to represent additional diagnostic knowledge that is unique to the RE. Over 50 generic and 250 specific troubleshooting rules have been derived. REDEX is implemented in Prolog on an IBM PC AT-compatible workstation. Block diagram graphics displays are color-coded to identify signals that have been monitored or inferred to have nominal values, signals that are out of tolerance, and circuit cards and functions that are diagnosed as faulty. A hypertext-like scheme is used to allow the user to easily navigate through the space of diagrams and tables. Over 50 graphic and tabular displays have been implemented. REDEX is currently being evaluated in a stand-alone mode using simulated RE fault scenarios. It will soon be interfaced to the RE and tested in an online environment. When completed and fielded, REDEX will be a concrete example of the application of expert systems technology to the problem of improving performance and reducing the lifecycle costs of operating NASA's communications networks in the 1990's.
Silicon Photonics for Matrix Switching Applications: Ingredients and Recipes (2016)

We present an overview of the key aspects for the design of scalable silicon photonic switch matrices. We first discuss different possible configurations, and then we present the proposed architecture for a multiport transponder aggregator within the European project IRIS. We also analyze all the necessary photonic building blocks for this application; we will show design considerations as well as experimental demonstrations of many of them, discussing all the possible issues that must be considered for the system to work within specifications.