gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A pitch estimation algorithm for speech and music (1978)

We present an efficient pitch estimation algorithm which operates in the time domain by comparing features extracted from the signal being analyzed. The algorithm uses both primary features (extracted directly from the signal) and secondary features (derived by combining several primary features to reduce the effect of variations in the signal envelope). We relate the algorithm both analytically and quantitatively to autocorrelation analysis. The algorithm is shown to function successfully for both speech and music over a six octave pitch range, and to be appropriate for operation in real time.
Programmable Self-Assembled Metasurface for Strong Field Enhancement (2019)

Self-assembled chalcogenide metasurfaces is proposed for low-cost manufacturing on large-area unconventional substrates. Programmed control over particle arrangement and periodicity yields strong Fano resonances, highlighting novel applications for bio-detection and second harmonic generation. © 2019 The Author(s)
Isotope Tracers To Study the Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation of Metal-Containing Engineered Nanoparticles: Techniques and Applications (2017)

The rapidly growing applicability of metal-containing engineered nanoparticles (MENPs) has made their environmental fate, biouptake, and transformation important research topics. However, considering the relatively low concentration of MENPs and the high concentration of background metals in the environment and in organisms, tracking the fate of MENPs in environment-related scenarios remains a challenge. Intrinsic labeling of MENPs with radioactive or stable isotopes is a useful tool for the highly sensitive and selective detection of MENPs in the environment and organisms, thus enabling tracing of their transformation, uptake, distribution, and clearance. In this review, we focus on radioactive/stable isotope labeling of MENPs for their environmental and biological tracing. We summarize the advantages of intrinsic radioactive/stable isotopes for MENP labeling and discuss the considerations in labeling isotope selection and preparation of labeled MENPs, as well as exposure routes and detection of labeled MENPs. In addition, current practice in the use of radioactive/stable isotope labeling of MENPs to study their environmental fate and bioaccumulation is reviewed. Future perspectives and potential applications are also discussed, including imaging techniques for radioactive- and stable-isotope-labeled MENPs, hyphenated multistable isotope tracers with speciation analysis, and isotope fractionation as a MENP tracer. It is expected that this critical review could provide the necessary background information to further advance the applications of isotope tracers to study the environmental fate and bioaccumulation of MENPs.
Principles of Endocrine Pharmacology (1988)

Modern biochemistry has led to rapid methods for the isolation and purification of hormones and determination of their structure. In vivo and in vitro bioassays, immunoassays, and radioreceptor assays are used to determine structure-function relationships and to define the segments of the hormones that are important for binding to receptors and exertion of biologic activity. This knowledge has been essential for the development of structural analogues of hormones that may serve as agonists or antagonists. In addition, recombinant DNA technology has allowed several pharmaceutical companies to develop virtually unlimited supplies of hormones of biologic significance to humans, thus ushering in a new era of hormone replacement therapy. In light of these developments and the exponential growth of information concerning endocrine physiology and pathophysiology, the time is ripe for a textbook devoted to endocrine pharmacology. The goals of the authors are laudable. They have attempted to provide a text that covers
Asynchronous midinfrared ultrafast optical parametric oscillator for dual-comb spectroscopy (2012)

Two asynchronous, broadband 3.3 µm pulse trains with a stabilized repetition-rate difference of up to 5 kHz were generated using an ultrafast optical parametric oscillator. The two oscillation channels, each producing ~100 mW average power, ran essentially independently, and weak non-phase-matched sum-frequency mixing between them provided a timing signal that indicated when the asynchronous pulses coincided. The system has immediate applications in incoherent asynchronous optical sampling and, with additional carrier-envelope-offset stabilization, could be applied to coherent dual-frequency-comb spectroscopy.
Visual Programming Environments: Paradigms and Systems (1990)

Reprints and original contributions arranged in nine sections on classification of programming environments; graphical representations for programs and systems; pioneering efforts; visual front ends for main-line textual languages; from PECAN to GARDEN and beyond; using data-flow, actors and agents;
Hurricane Sea Surface Inflow Angle and an Observation-Based Parametric Model (2012)

Abstract This study presents an analysis of near-surface (10 m) inflow angles using wind vector data from over 1600 quality-controlled global positioning system dropwindsondes deployed by aircraft on 187 flights into 18 hurricanes. The mean inflow angle in hurricanes is found to be −22.6° ± 2.2° (95% confidence). Composite analysis results indicate little dependence of storm-relative axisymmetric inflow angle on local surface wind speed, and a weak but statistically significant dependence on the radial distance from the storm center. A small, but statistically significant dependence of the axisymmetric inflow angle on storm intensity is also found, especially well outside the eyewall. By compositing observations according to radial and azimuthal location relative to storm motion direction, significant inflow angle asymmetries are found to depend on storm motion speed, although a large amount of unexplained variability remains. Generally, the largest storm-relative inflow angles (&amp;lt;−50°) are found in the fastest-moving storms (&amp;gt;8 m s−1) at large radii (&amp;gt;8 times the radius of maximum wind) in the right-front storm quadrant, while the smallest inflow angles (&amp;gt;−10°) are found in the fastest-moving storms in the left-rear quadrant. Based on these observations, a parametric model of low-wavenumber inflow angle variability as a function of radius, azimuth, storm intensity, and motion speed is developed. This model can be applied for purposes of ocean surface remote sensing studies when wind direction is either unknown or ambiguous, for forcing storm surge, surface wave, and ocean circulation models that require a parametric surface wind vector field, and evaluating surface wind field structure in numerical models of tropical cyclones.
Neutron diffraction studies of temperature induced phase transitions in Rb2KFeF6elpasolite (2006)

We’ve built this digital research platform to provide academics everywhere with fast, stable and secure digital access to our library of over 110,000 scholarly books and 800,000 journal articles. We’ve tested the platform in close cooperation with leading academic institutions. If you have any questions or you notice something doesn’t quite work as it should, please visit our <a href="/publishing/faq?lang=en" class="text-primary">Help/FAQ</a> page and let us know.
O6-Alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity in human brain and brain tumors (1984)

It was found that extracts from human brain catalyzed the transfer of methyl groups from O6-methylguanine in methylated double-stranded DNA to a cysteine residue in a protein of mol. wt. approximately 22 000. This O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase had properties similar to those previously characterized from rodent liver, human liver, cultured human cells and E. coli. The alkyltransferase activity of human brain was considerably greater than that reported for rat brain, but was significantly less than the activities found in human liver and other tissues. The activity was found in both normal brain samples (peritumoral material which contained no tumor infiltration) and in a variety of brain tumors. The highest activity was found in meningeomas and neurinomas, but most tumors with the exception of some gliomas had higher activities than the normal brain. All 23 tumor samples examined in this study had alkyltransferase activity in contrast to published reports showing that approximately 35% of human brain-tumor-derived lines grown in culture lacked this activity. This discrepancy may be due to the cellular polymorphism of the tumors, but also suggests that complete lack of the alkyltransferase is not a common occurrence in human brain tumors.
Formation of Tethered and Streptavidin-Supported Lipid Bilayers on a Microporous Electrode for the Reconstitution of Membranes of Large Surface Area (2002)

A new approach for the self-assembly of supported and tethered lipid membranes of large surface area is proposed. The template is a microporous electrode made by anodic etching of aluminum and covered with a monolayer of streptavidin. We show that spontaneous fusion of biotinylated lipid vesicles on the affinity layer is a slow process despite abundant accumulation of lipid material at the template surface. To increase dramatically the efficiency of the self-assembly, fast fusion is provoked with the help of a fusogen solution of poly(ethylene glycol). The extent of fusion is assessed by electrochemical monitoring of the long-range lateral mobility of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q10) in the supported bilayer. Finally, the geometrical characterization of the honeycomb structure at key steps of the self-assembly procedure is performed by electrochemical measurement of the porosity. As expected, the formation of the supported bilayer causes a decrease in the apparent inner diameter of the pores. It is expected that the type of supported lipid membrane built according to the present approach can be adequate for the incorporation of transmembrane proteins in structures that would mimic the membrane stacking found in chloroplasts or mitochondria.
Studies on the Corrinoids and Porphyrins in Streptomycetes (1968)

In a medium containing glycerol as u carbon source, Streptomyces olivaceus 605 accumulated under mild aeration a large amount of porphyrin in the culture filtrate. Identity of methyl ester of the porphrin with coproporphyrin III methyl ester was confirmed by UV-, IR- and NMR- spectroscopy. Under the cultural conditions favarable for production of corrinoid, the accumulation of coproporphyrin III markedly decreased.
Re-orienting coupling of organocuprates with propargyl electrophiles from SN2′ to SN2 with stereocontrol (2016)

Diorganocuprate(I) reagents derived from lithiated heterocycles and CuCN react with enantioenriched secondary propagryl bromides to give the corresponding propargylated heterocycles. While propargyl electrophiles typically undergo S<sub>N</sub>2' displacement, this transformation represents the first example of the reaction of hard carbanions with propargyl eletrophiles in an S<sub>N</sub>2 fashion and occurs with excellent levels of stereoinversion. The new method was applied to the formal synthesis of (+)-frondosin B.
Cyanide and Thiocyanate Levels in Blood and Saliva of Healthy Adult Volunteers. (2000)

Cyanide and thiocyanate levels were determined by head space gas chromatography and the spectrophotometric Konig method respectively, for blood and salivary samples collected from 40 healthy adult volunteers. Blood cyanide (mean±standard deviation : 0.27±0.07μм), plasma thiocyanate (111.2±92.1μм), salivary cyanide (0.66±0.52μм) and salivary thiocyanate (1655±841μм) levels were significantly higher in the group of 20 tobacco smokers than in the group of 20 nonsmokers (0.17±0.04μм, 33.5±25.4μм, 0.38±0.26μм, 542±406μм). Statistical correlations were observed between the blood cyanide and the salivary thiocyanate levels (γ=0.64), between the blood cyanide and the plasma thiocyanate levels (γ=0.54), and between the plasma thiocyanate and the salivary thiocyanate levels (γ=0.46). It is concluded that not only plasma and salivary thiocyanate levels but also blood cyanide level can be suitable indices for distinguishing smokers from nonsmokers.
Short-step Synthesis of Rutecarpine and Tryptanthrin via Intramoleculer Aza-wittig Reaction (1992)

&stmct---A convenient short-step synthesis of mtecarpine and tryptanthrin as quinazoline alkaloids containing indole skeleton via intramolecular aza-Wittig - reaction was described.Recently we have developed a new efficient route to quinazolinones (1) as well as simple alkaloids (2 and 3) via intramolecular aza-Wittig reaction (Scheme 1).2,3This am-Wittig methodology has been extended to develop a new lactam-ring-enlargement reaction via quinazolinone annelation, followed by reductive ring cleavage?In this paper we would like to demonstrate the utility of this quinazolinone annelation for synthesis of pharmacologically important alkaloids such as rutecarpine (8) and tryptanthrin (9).
Selective retention by porous polymer adsorbents. Application to formaldehyde determination (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective retention by porous polymer adsorbents. Application to formaldehyde determinationLawrence S. Frankel, Paul R. Madsen, Richard R. Siebert, and Karl L. WallischCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 14, 2401–2402Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60322a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60322a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fast data acquisition for three-dimensional shape measurement using fixed-pattern projection and temporal coding (2011)

The field of image-based shape measurements using structured illumination has been an active research area for several decades now. A lot of different methods are widely used e.g. for industrial inspection, surveillance as well as multimedia purposes. Usually, short measurement times and high correspondence accuracy are mutually exclusive properties, due to the limitations of the used projection technology. Using a standard stereo-photogrammetry approach, as well as a simple, yet powerful structured light projection concept based on a slide-projector, we demonstrate an acquisition rate of more than 700 dense and accurate 3D measurements per second.
Coding Tree Depth Estimation for Complexity Reduction of HEVC (2013)

The emerging HEVC standard introduces a number of tools which increase compression efficiency in comparison to its predecessors at the cost of greater computational complexity. This paper proposes a complexity control method for HEVC encoders based on dynamic adjustment of the newly proposed coding tree structures. The method improves a previous solution by adopting a strategy that takes into consideration both spatial and temporal correlation in order to decide the maximum coding tree depth allowed for each coding tree block. Complexity control capability is increased in comparison to a previous work, while compression losses are decreased by 70%. Experimental results show that the encoder computational complexity can be downscaled to 60% with an average bit rate increase around 1.3% and a PSNR decrease under 0.07 dB.
Self-Trapping of Optical Beams (1964)

Received 1 September 1964DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.479©1964 American Physical Society
Design of a hybrid magnetic and piezoelectric polymer microactuator (2005)

Microsensors and microactuators are considered to be the most crucial elements of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and devices. There has been growing interest in the development of new microactuator technologies with an increasing requirement for low cost microswitch arrays providing large air gap and large force at the same time. In particular, large air gap/large force microactuators are essential for high voltage switching in automobile electronics, test equipment switchboards and in network remote reconfiguration. The necessity to reduce the size of actuators and at the same time increase the force and the air gap has placed severe constraints on the suitability of current microactuator technology for various applications. This has led to the development of new actuator technologies based on novel materials or modifying existing systems. As an effort in this direction, this thesis presents the details of the work on the design, fabrication and testing of a new hybrid microactuator, combining electromagnetic and piezoelectric actuation mechanisms. The design and fabrication of electromagnetic actuators using planar coils and a soft magnetic core has long been established. However, in many instances these designs are constrained by difficulties in the fabrication of the multi layer planar coils, which is tedious, often resulting in a low yield. Hence device performance is limited by the maximum coil currents and thereby the maximum force able to be generated. In order to overcome these problems, a hybrid actuator combining the electromagnetic system along side of a piezoelectric actuation is proposed. This has been demonstrated to assist in enhancing the total force and consequently achieving larger actuator displacements. In this research a hybrid microactuator with a footprint of 10 mm2 was designed, fabricated and tested. It can generate 330
Protein Folding in the Absence of Chemical Denaturants (1999)

Small monomeric proteins are the best models for studying protein folding, but they are often too stable for denaturation using pressure as the sole perturbant. In the present work we subject [CI-2(1-40).(41-64)], a noncovalent complex formed by the association of two complementary fragments of the chymotrypsin inhibitor-2, to high pressure to investigate the folding mechanism of a model protein. Pressures up to 3.5 kilobar do not affect the intact protein, but it can be unfolded reversibly by pressure in the presence of subdenaturing concentrations of guanidine chloride, with free energy and molar volume changes of 2.5 kcal mol-1 and 42.5 ml mol-1, respectively. In contrast, the complex can be reversibly denatured by high pressure without the addition of chemical denaturants. However, the process is clearly independent of the protein concentration, indicating lack of dissociation. We determined a change in the free energy of 1.4 kcal mol-1 and a molar volume change of 35 ml mol-1 for the pressure denaturation of the complex. A persistent quenching of the tryptophan adds further evidence for the presence of residual structure in the high pressure-denatured state. This state also appears to be compact as the small volume change indicates, compared with pressure denaturation of naturally occurring dimers. Based on observations of a number of pressure-denatured states and on characteristics of large CI-2 fragments with a solvent accessible core but maintaining tertiary interactions, the structure of the pressure-denatured state of the CI-2 complex could be explained by an ordered molten globule-like conformation.
A novel two-component hybrid molecule regulates vascular morphogenesis of the Arabidopsis root (2000)

The developmental ontogeny of the vascular system (consisting of xylem, phloem and [pro]cambium) is poorly understood despite its central role in plant physiology. We show that in the Arabidopsis root meristem, xylem cell lineages are specified early, whereas phloem and procambium are established through a set of asymmetric cell divisions. These divisions require the WOODEN LEG (WOL) gene. The WOL gene encodes a novel two-component signal transducer with an unusual tandem arrangement of two receiver domains. It is expressed specifically in the vasculature from the early stages of embryogenesis on, consistent with a role as a sensor for vascular morphogenesis.
Biosensors: Rapid Detection of Hendra Virus Using Magnetic Particles and Quantum Dots (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 5/2012) (2012)

Point-of-care methodologies for the rapid detection of emerging viruses are essential for combatting viral outbreaks. On page 631, P. Falcaro, L.-F. Wang, and co-workers report on progress towards the detection of the Hendra virus, based on antibody-conjugated quantum dots and antibody-conjugated magnetic particles.
The effect of all-trans retinoic acid and/or colchicine on expression of rexinoid and thyroid hormone nuclear receptors and their coregulators in primary rat hepatocytes. (2007)

In the present work, the effects of colchicine (COL) and/or all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on expression of rexinoid receptors (RXRs) (alpha, beta, gamma), thyroid hormone receptor alpha and coregulators N-CoR, SMRT and SRC-1 mRNA in primary rat hepatocytes as a model of no-proliferating cells were investigated. Treatment with these components, either alone or in combination, induced differences of the expression profiles between distinct treatment groups.
<title>Visualization of geographically referenced observations to support real-time decision making</title> (1998)

Graphical presentation of data to support decision making has a long history, going back to the earliest use of maps and charts. Continued advances in technology have enabled development of a succession of powerful tools to support decision-making, providing visualization of geographically- referenced observations. Early geographic information systems (GIS) were succeeded by powerful (and affordable) systems. Military command and control systems, and air traffic control systems, demonstrated the value of visualization of real-time data in time-critical decision-making. Decision support systems today combine the functions of a GIS and aspects of command and control systems in a powerful and affordable context for real-time decision-making. The REINAS system is presented as a prototype of such a real-time decision-support systems exploiting real-time geographically-referenced measurements.
Query execution techniques for caching expensive methods (1996)

Object-Relational and Object-Oriented DBMSs allow users to invoke time-consuming ("expensive") methods in their queries. When queries containing these expensive methods are run on data with duplicate values, time is wasted redundantly computing methods on the same value. This problem has been studied in the context of programming languages, where "memoization" is the standard solution. In the database literature, sorting has been proposed to deal with this problem. We compare these approaches along with a third solution, a variant of unary hybrid hashing which we call Hybrid Cache. We demonstrate that Hybrid Cache always dominates memoization, and significantly outperforms sorting in many instances. This provides new insights into the tradeoff between hashing and sorting for unary operations. Additionally, our Hybrid Cache algorithm includes some new optimization for unary hybrid hashing, which can be used for other applications such as grouping and duplicate elimination. We conclude with a discussion of techniques for caching multiple expensive methods in a single query, and raise some new optimization problems in choosing caching techniques.