gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
13.3 Co‐Optimization of Color AMLCD Subpixel Architecture and Rendering Algorithms (2002)

Abstract Color subpixel rendering is enhanced by co‐optimizing the color subpixel architecture and algorithms with respect to human vision, resulting in the PenTile Matrix™ subpixel architecture to double the addressability and the MTF limit in both horizontal and vertical axes while reducing driver count. Results of prototype AMLCD panels demonstrate improved text and full color image quality.
Requirement of STAT5b for sexual dimorphism of body growth rates and liver gene expression (1997)

The signal transducer and activator of transcription, STAT5b, has been implicated in signal transduction pathways for a number of cytokines and growth factors, including growth hormone (GH). Pulsatile but not continuous GH exposure activates liver STAT5b by tyrosine phosphorylation, leading to dimerization, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activation of the STAT, which is proposed to play a key role in regulating the sexual dimorphism of liver gene expression induced by pulsatile plasma GH. We have evaluated the importance of STAT5b for the physiological effects of GH pulses using a mouse gene knockout model. STAT5b gene disruption led to a major loss of multiple, sexually differentiated responses associated with the sexually dimorphic pattern of pituitary GH secretion. Male-characteristic body growth rates and male-specific liver gene expression were decreased to wild-type female levels in STAT5b-/- males, while female-predominant liver gene products were increased to a level intermediate between wild-type male and female levels. Although these responses are similar to those observed in GH-deficient Little mice, STAT5b-/- mice are not GH-deficient, suggesting that they may be GH pulse-resistant. Indeed, the dwarfism, elevated plasma GH, low plasma insulin-like growth factor I, and development of obesity seen in STAT5b-/- mice are all characteristics of Laron-type dwarfism, a human GH-resistance disease generally associated with a defective GH receptor. The requirement of STAT5b to maintain sexual dimorphism of body growth rates and liver gene expression suggests that STAT5b may be the major, if not the sole, STAT protein that mediates the sexually dimorphic effects of GH pulses in liver and perhaps other target tissues. STAT5b thus has unique physiological functions for which, surprisingly, the highly homologous STAT5a is unable to substitute.
Abdominal-pelvic lymphoproliferative disease after lung transplantation: presentation and outcome (2004)

Abdominal-pelvic LPD is typically a late complication after lung transplantation; however, when it occurs early, it may be related to a primary EBV infection. This form of LPD is most frequently a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and despite aggressive therapy, the prognosis is poor.
Amidation of Carboxyl Groups (2003)

Several reactions have been described for the modification of the carboxylic side chains of aspartic and glutamic acids (-); of these, amidation, using an amine and a water-soluble coupling carbodiimide reagent, is most often applied to proteins. The advantages of this approach are the stability of the modification (an amide bond) and the ability to achieve some site specificity (namely, to selectively modify a particular carboxylic side chain) by using different carbodiimide reagents and by variations in the structure (e.g., size, charge, hydrophobicity) of the amine (-).
A Slim and Large Tabletop Interface (2015)

Designing a slim and wide multi touch tabletop interface is a key element in interactions with multiple users. We propose a slim and large tabletop interface based on a wide LED display. The proposed tabletop interface uses two cameras with two reflection mirrors. Its thickness is less than 8 inches and its screen size is 47 inches. In order to recognize multi-touch inputs and dragging operations more effectively and efficiently, the proposed system adopts a hybrid recognition approach, which combines FTIR (Frustrated Total Internal Reflection) and LLP (Laser Light Plane). The proposed tabletop interface also provides a conflict resolution algorithm where multiple cameras are redundantly used to recognize user inputs. The proposed tabletop interface has deployed various different applications such as e-Menu for restaurants, e-Catalogue for digital fashion and computer games. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated. It showed real-time recognition of multi-touch user inputs with reliable overlapped resolutions.
Nonlinear dynamic matrix control using local models (1998)

This paper proposes the concept of using a local model network (LMN) to identify a highly nonlinear chemical process, and to implement a dynamic matrix controller (DMC) that uses the local model network as its internal model. The LMN is constructed of local linear autoregressive with external input (ARX) models, and is trained using a hybrid learning approach developed by McLoone et al. (1998). It is shown how this LMN structure is linked to a long range predictive controller, specifically dynamic matrix control. Originally, a linear step response model was used as the internal model of the controller, however, to extend to the control of a highly nonlinear process, step responses for different operating points are extracted from the LMN. Simulation results for the method, when applied to a pH neutralization process, indicate an improvement in control over a standard DMC controller.
Toluene Dioxygenase‐Catalyzed Synthesis of cis‐Dihydrodiol Metabolites from 2‐Substituted Naphthalene Substrates: Assignments of Absolute Configurations and Conformations from Circular Dichroism and Optical Rotation Measurements (2008)

cis-Dihydrodiol metabolites have been isolated from naphthalene and six 2-substituted naphthalene substrates. Their structures and absolute configurations have been determined by a combination of calculated (TDDFT) and experimentally based circular dichroism (CD) and optical rotation (OR) methods. The "inverse" styrene helicity rule is shown to be incorrect for the interpretation of the CD spectra of cis-dihydrodiols. A striking conclusion is that CD spectra correlate directly with the helicity of the styrene chromophore: that is, the sign of the long-wavelength Cotton effect is identical with the sign of styrene torsion angle, whereas the OR sign is dependent on the absolute configuration of the allylic carbon atom. The results demonstrate that a predictive model previously used for the determination of preferred regio- and stereoselectivity associated with TDO-catalyzed cis-dihydroxylation of substituted benzene substrates can now be successfully extended to substituted naphthalene substrates.
Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor stimulates chemotaxis and growth of malignant mesothelioma cells through c-met receptor (1998)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor c-met are present in several human tissues but their expression in mesothelial cells has not been examined. In this study, we have investigated the expression of HGF and c-met in normal human mesothelial cells and 11 human malignant mesothelioma cell lines. Using RT-PCR and Western blotting we found that HGF is produced by 3/11 mesothelioma cell lines whereas c-met is expressed in 11/11 mesothelioma cell lines. In addition, c-met expression was also found in 6/6 cell samples obtained from pleural fluids of patients with mesothelioma. In contrast, neither normal cultured mesothelial cells nor mesothelial cells obtained directly from patients without mesothelioma expressed HGF nor c-met. We have also analysed the biological function of HGF and c-met in mesothelioma cell lines. Recombinant human (rh) HGF stimulated both directional (chemotactic) and random (chemokinetic) motility in all mesothelioma cell lines tested. Furthermore, mesothelioma serum free conditioned medium containing HGF stimulated mesothelioma cell migration. This effect could be blocked in the presence of neutralizing anti-HGF monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in the assay. Addition of HGF to mesothelioma cells cultured on collagen type IV was associated with induction of bipolar shape and protrusion of prominent pseudopodia. We have also found that rhHGF was mitogenic for mesothelioma cells. Our findings suggest that expression of HGF/c-met is involved not only in mesothelioma progression but also in its growth and migration and that c-met expression found in mesothelioma cells taken directly from patients may be of diagnostic importance.
Moth Experience and Not Plant Injury Affected Female Cabbage Looper Moth (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Orientation to Potato Plants (2001)

Peter J. Landolt, Moth Experience and Not Plant Injury Affected Female Cabbage Looper Moth (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Orientation to Potato Plants, The Florida Entomologist, Vol. 84, No. 2 (Jun., 2001), pp. 243-249
Patterns for providing real-time guarantees in doc middleware (2002)

The advent of open and widely adopted standards such as Common Object Re-quest Broker Architecture (CORBA) [47] has simplified and standardized the development of distributed applications. For applications with real-time constraints, including avion-ics, manufacturing, and defense systems, these standards are evolving to include Quality-of-Service (QoS) specifications. Operating systems such as Real-time Linux [60] have responded with interfaces and algorithms to guarantee real-time response; similarly, lan-guages such as Real-time Java [59] include mechanisms for specifying real-time properties for threads. However, the middleware upon which large distributed applications are based has not yet addressed end-to-end guarantees of QoS specifications. Unless this challenge can be met, developers must resort to ad hoc solutions that may not scale or migrate well among different platforms. This thesis provides two contributions to the study of real-time Distributed Object Computing (DOC) middleware. First, it identifies potential bottlenecks and problems with respect to guaranteeing real-time performance in contemporary middleware. Experimental results illustrate how these problems lead to incorrect real-time behavior in contemporary
3D printed miniaturized UWB antenna for wireless body area network (2014)

A wireless body area network (WBAN) is a network of compact low power devices that are either wearable or im-plantable. A compact antenna with suitable radiation pattern and polarization is useful for WBAN applications. Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology can be used in WBAN applications that require high data rates. This paper present a small wearable (17 × 17 × 15 mm) UWB antenna designed and optimized in a FDTD full wave simulator. The simulated −10 dB impedance bandwidth is from 4.8 GHz to 29.8 GHz in free space. The lower −10 dB cut-off frequency shifts down to 3.5 GHz when placed on the body. The antenna is vertically polarized with respect to the body which makes it a suitable candidate for on-body to on-body UWB WBAN applications. The antenna was fabricated by 3D printing technology. The measured lower cut-off frequency for an on-body case was found to be 3.6 GHz and the antenna was well-matched in rest of the UWB band.
The prevalence of undiagnosed pulmonary arterial hypertension in subjects with connective tissue disease at the secondary health care level of community‐based rheumatologists (the UNCOVER study) (2005)

A significant number of patients with SSc or MCTD (13.3%) followed up in a community rheumatology practice setting have undiagnosed elevated ERVSP consistent with PAH.
Production of CRISPRi-engineered primary human mammary epithelial cells with baboon envelope pseudotyped lentiviral vectors (2023)

Primary human mammary epithelial cells (pHMECs) are known to be remarkably difficult to engineer genetically. Here, we present a protocol for efficient transduction of pHMECs using a baboon retroviral envelope glycoprotein for pseudotyping of lentiviral vectors (BaEV-LVs). We describe the preparation of the BaEV-LVs, the isolation of pHMECs from breast samples, and the subsequent transduction of pHMECs. We also detail the use of CRISPRi technology to efficiently silence gene expression in pHMECs, which can then be used for functional assays. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Richart et al. (2022).<sup>1</sup>.
Bacterial pathogens isolated from raw meat and poultry compared with pathogens isolated from children in the same area of rural Thailand. (2013)

To better understand the epidemiology of bacterial food borne pathogens in children, in relation to pathogens in meats from a market in rural Thailand, we collected 73 cultures samples from raw chicken, pork and fish at a local market where diarrheal disease surveillance was conducted. Standard methods were employed to isolate, identify and serotype enteric pathogens from children and food samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed. Ninety-seven percent of food samples were contaminated with at least one enteric pathogen. The pathogens most commonly isolated from food were Salmonella spp (84%), Arcobacter butzleri (74%) and Campylobacter spp (51%). The most common serovars of Salmonella obtained from humans with diarrhea were S. Risen, S. Stanley and S. Anatum. Most common serovars of Salmonella isolated from food were S. Anatum, S. Stanley, and S. Corvallis. Fifty-one percent and 25% of children infected with Salmonella and Campylobacter, respectively, infected with the same serotypes isolated from food samples, suggesting these pathogens are widespread in food and humans. Pulsed-field gel analysis of Salmonella spp revealed 65 pulsotypes, but no point-sources of salmonellosis were identified. Joint epidemiologic/laboratory studies are useful to describe the epidemiology of enteric pathogens in rural populations.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphorus Pentoxide in Organic Synthesis. Part 32. A New Synthesis of Quipazine and Its N‐Methyl Derivatives. (1988)

Abstract Treatment of the acetanilides (I) with N‐methylpiperazine (II) and P 2 O 5 in diethylformamide (III) proceeds under ring closure to give the quinolines (IV).
Planarized multilevel interconnection using chemical mechanical polishing of selective CVD-Al via plugs (1998)

A planarization process for selective CVD-Al via plugs using chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is proposed and a four-level interconnection system with all stacked via plugs is demonstrated. A Cl/sub 2//Ar post-cleaning treatment after Al plug CMP is shown to be the key process in obtaining excellent via chain characteristics with high yield and small resistance scattering. A sandwich of Ti/TiN/Ti barrier layers with a CVD-Al plug is proved to be one of the best via plug structures because of its low via resistance and high reliability. Quarter-micron 120-kG gate array LSIs have been successfully fabricated using a 1.4-/spl mu/m, equal pitch and four-level interconnection.
Visual Pattern Extraction Using Energy-Efficient “2-PCM Synapse” Neuromorphic Architecture (2012)

We introduce a novel energy-efficient methodology “2-PCM Synapse” to use phase-change memory (PCM) as synapses in large-scale neuromorphic systems. Our spiking neural network architecture exploits the gradual crystallization behavior of PCM devices for emulating both synaptic potentiation and synaptic depression. Unlike earlier attempts to implement a biological-like spike-timing-dependent plasticity learning rule with PCM, we use a simplified rule where long-term potentiation and long-term depression can both be produced with a single invariant crystallizing pulse. Our architecture is simulated on a special purpose event-based simulator, using a behavioral model for the PCM devices validated with electrical characterization. The system, comprising about 2 million synapses, directly learns from event-based dynamic vision sensors. When tested with real-life data, it is able to extract complex and overlapping temporally correlated features such as car trajectories on a freeway. Complete trajectories can be learned with a detection rate above 90 %. The synaptic programming power consumption of the system during learning is estimated and could be as low as 100 nW for scaled down PCM technology. Robustness to device variability is also evidenced.
Sub‐5 nm Dendrimer Directed Self‐Assembly with Large‐Area Uniform Alignment by Graphoepitaxy (2019)

Abstract Directed self‐assembly (DSA) using soft materials is an important method for producing periodic nanostructures because it is a simple, cost‐effective process for fabricating high‐resolution patterns. Most of the previously reported DSA methods exploit the self‐assembly of block copolymers, which generates a wide range of nanostructures. In this study, cylinders obtained from supramolecular dendrimer films with a high resolution (&lt;5 nm) exhibit planar ordering over a macroscopic area via guiding topographical templates with a high aspect ratio (&gt;10) and high spatial resolution (≈20 nm) of guiding line patterns. Theoretical and experimental studies reveal that this property is related to geometrical anchoring on the meniscus region and physical surface anchoring on the sidewall. Furthermore, this DSA of dendrimer cylinders is demonstrated by the non‐regular geometry of the patterned template. The macroscopic planar alignment of the dendrimer nanostructure reveals an extremely small feature size (≈4.7 nm) on the wafer scale (&gt;16 cm 2 ). This study is expected to open avenues for the production of a large family of supramolecular dendrimers with different phases and feature dimensions oriented by the DSA approach.
<title>Aberration problem in electron optics</title> (1993)

This paper discusses what appears to be a crisis in the field of electron microscope--a term which is broad enough to include ion microscopy, just as the term electron optics includes ion optics. The crisis is that we seem to have reached a performance limit in all instruments, and there are no known or proven ways to improve upon present levels.
Reduced Diuretic Dose in Patients Treated With Eplerenone (2020)

Eplerenone treatment led to a loop diuretic dose reduction during follow-up without evidence of treatment effect modification by loop diuretics. These findings suggest that eplerenone reduces congestive signs and symptoms, which enables clinicians to reduce loop diuretic doses.
Tetrazole Analogues of Glutamic Acid (1965)

The substrate specificity of L-glutamic acid dehydrogenase and the structural requirements for competitive inhibitors have been studied by a number of investigators (l-6).We have examined the abilities of three new tetrazole analogues of glutamic acid to act as substrates or inhibitors of this enzyme, or both.Two of these compounds show substrate activity, and all three function as competitive inhibitors in varying degrees.
Structure of poly (n‐alkylacrylates) gels (1974)

Abstract The crystallization of polymers with long side chains proceeds in the form of hexagonal crystal lattice, regardless of the configuration of the backbone chain. For these polymers the ordered structure in the crystalline state as well as in the melt is typical. The tendency to form an ordered structure takes place in the solutions of branched polymers. At polymer critical concentration about 0.5 wt % the gelation process occurred. The structure and properties of gels of acrylic polymers (i.e., polycetylacrylate) in n ‐aliphatic alcohols (C 7 H 15 OH–C 12 H 25 OH) and hydrocarbons (C 10 H 22 –C 16 H 34 ) were studied. The x‐ray patterns show that all the gels have the same interplanar spacings at the wide angles which correspond to the hexagonal cell. The phase transitions and thermodynamic parameters of gel‐solution transition were studied by means of x‐ray and differential thermal analysis. The structure of gels in alcohols and hydrocarbons was found to be different. This difference was explained in terms of specific polymer‐solvent interactions. The kinetics of supermolecular structure formation in gels was investigated using small‐angle light scattering (SMAL) method. Rather good correlation between SMAL and electron microscopic data was found. Some conclusions about the character of the supermolecular structure‐forming process were made and the model of gel structure was proposed.
A Millimeter-wave Ultra-Wideband Non-Uniform Distributed Power Amplifier with Improved Efficiency (2020)

Conventional millimeter-wave ultra-wideband distributed power amplifiers (DPAs) are usually difficult to achieve high efficiency in the whole band. In this paper, a 9-40GHz non-uniform distributed power amplifiers (NDPA) with improved power added efficiency (PAE) is presented. In order to improve the efficiency, an inductance (L) is paralleled at the drain of transistor, which can form a parallel resonant circuit with drain-source capacitance (Cds). And by adjusting this L-Cds resonant frequency, the cut-off frequency of the drain-line can be optimized, which in turn can reduce the loss of drain line and improve the PAE of NDPA. By using method, the PAE of NDPA at millimeter wave band can be improved and a 1W Microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) with 11-19% PAE over 9-40GHz is realized based on 0.1μm AlGaN/GaN DHFET on Silicon (Si) technology.
The Frontal Cell as a Cause of Frontal Sinus Obstruction (1994)

The frontal cell is a rare anatomic anomaly that can become the etiology of chronic frontal sinusitis. It is an anterior ethmoid cell that can be differentiated from other ethmoid cells by serial analysis of sinus CT scans. Located cephalad to the middle meatus, it may obstruct natural mucociliary clearance by impinging on the frontal recess or the frontal sinus cavity. A classification of 4 types frontal cell (Type I-IV) is described. This anatomy is demonstrated in radiographic images of cadaver and patient sinuses. Four consecutive clinical cases of frontal cell obstruction of the frontal sinus are reviewed. In three instances, we performed a combined external and endoscopic intranasal frontal sinusotomy to effectively relieve the obstruction. We describe this technique in detail and provide a mean follow-up of 6 months for these four patients. With recognition of frontal cell obstruction of the frontal sinus, and proper treatment, the results appear to be very rewarding.
An Instrumented Analysis of Unknown Software and Malware Driven by Free Libre Open Source Software (2008)

Reverse engineering is often the last resort for analyzing unknown or closed source software. Such an investigation is motivated by a risk evaluation of closed source programs or by evaluating consequences and countermeasures against infections by malicious programs that are often closed source. This article presents a success story where we used and modified free software serving as environment for analyzing unknown software. We explain how a malware sandbox can be constructed based on free software. Moreover we describe how we modified free software to improve malware analysis with additional features or extensions. Free software helped us to increase the accuracy of malware or unknown software analysis.
A Rapid Access to Chiral Alkylidene Cyclopentenone Prostaglandins Involving Ring‐Closing Metathesis Reaction. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.