gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Interaction between STLV-1 Proviral Load and T-Cell Response during Chronic Infection and after Immunosuppression in Non-Human Primates (2009)

We used mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) naturally infected with simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1) as a model for evaluating the influence of natural STLV-1 infection on the dynamics and evolution of the immune system during chronic infection. Furthermore, in order to evaluate the role of the immune system in controlling the infection during latency, we induced immunosuppression in the infected monkeys. We first showed that the STLV-1 proviral load was higher in males than in females and increased significantly with the duration of infection: mandrills infected for 10-6 years had a significantly higher proviral load than those infected for 2-4 years. Curiously, this observation was associated with a clear reduction in CD4+ T-cell number with age. We also found that the percentage of CD4(+) T cells co-expressing the activation marker HLA-DR and the mean percentage of CD25(+) in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were significantly higher in infected than in uninfected animals. Furthermore, the STLV-1 proviral load correlated positively with T-cell activation but not with the frequency of T cells secreting interferon gamma in response to Tax peptides. Lastly, we showed that, during immunosuppression in infected monkeys, the percentages of CD8(+) T cells expressing HLA-DR(+) and of CD4(+) T cells expressing the proliferation marker Ki67 decreased significantly, although the percentage of CD8(+) T cells expressing HLA-DR(+) and Ki67 increased significantly by the end of treatment. Interestingly, the proviral load increased significantly after immunosuppression in the monkey with the highest load. Our study demonstrates that mandrills naturally infected with STLV-1 could be a suitable model for studying the relations between host and virus. Further studies are needed to determine whether the different compartments of the immune response during infection induce the long latency by controlling viral replication over time. Such studies would provide important information for the development of immune-based therapeutic strategies.
Collision Spectroscopy (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCollision SpectroscopyR. G. COOKSCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 1, 83A–84APublication Date (Print):January 1, 1979Publication History Published online25 May 2012Published inissue 1 January 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50037a773https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50037a773research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sedimentation equilibrium of DNA samples heterogeneous in density (1972)

Abstract The problem of determining the molecular weight of DNA samples by sedimentation equilibrium in a buoyant‐density gradient is considered for the case of DNA samples with density heterogeneity. By determining apparent molecular weights in two or more buoyant mediums, quantitative measure of the amount of density heterogeneity can be determined. This method may be employed to determine both the true molecular weight and the extent of base composition heterogeneity.
Semantic pattern analysis for verbal fluency based assessment of neurological disorders (2014)

In this paper, we present preliminary results of semantic pattern analysis of verbal fluency tests used for assessing cognitive psychological and neuropsychological disorders. We posit that recent advances in semantic reasoning and artificial intelligence can be combined to create a standardized computer-aided diagnosis tool to automatically evaluate and interpret verbal fluency tests. Towards that goal, we derive novel semantic similarity (phonetic, phonemic and conceptual) metrics and present the predictive capability of these metrics on a de-identified dataset of participants with and without neurological disorders.
Met Kinase Inhibitor E7050 Reverses Three Different Mechanisms of Hepatocyte Growth Factor–Induced Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance in EGFR Mutant Lung Cancer (2012)

A new Met kinase inhibitor, E7050, reverses the three HGF-induced mechanisms of gefitinib resistance, suggesting that E7050 may overcome HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib and next-generation EGFR-TKIs.
Association of 125I-nerve growth factor with PC12 pheochromocytoma cells. Evidence for internalization via high-affinity receptors only and for long-term regulation by nerve growth factor of both high- and low-affinity receptors. (1984)

Association of 125I-nerve growth factor (NGF) with PC12 pheochromocytoma cells was studied. Surface-bound and internalized NGF were distinguished by differential release of the former at low pH, high salt. Binding to the surface was rapid; at 0.2 nM (5 ng/ml) 125I-NGF, this was near-maximal within 5 min. Internalization, in contrast, did not start until about 2 min after NGF exposure and, thereafter, proceeded linearly for at least 1/2-1 h. By the latter time, approximately 75% of total bound NGF was within rather than on the surface of the cells. Binding versus concentration experiments indicated two distinct classes of surface binding sites. For both naive cells and cells treated with NGF for at least a week (primed cells), about 7% of the receptors had an apparent binding constant of about 0.3 nM; the remaining sites half-saturated at approximately 4 nM NGF. The number of each type of site was 3--4-fold higher/mg of protein in primed cells. For both naive and primed cultures, internalization appeared to be mediated by a single class of uptake sites which half-saturated at about 0.3 nM. The maximal rate of uptake by primed cells (200 fmol/h/mg protein) was about twice that for naive cells. Light and electron microscopic autoradiography indicated that the density of binding was substantially higher in primed cultures and that this increase took place over a time course of days to weeks. These findings suggest that NGF brings about long-term increases in its own high- and low-affinity surface receptors, but is internalized only via the high-affinity sites.
Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase-?: a novel target for induction of tumour cell apoptosis (2003)

Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a component of cellular membranes that is also a mediator of certain cell signalling functions associated with oncogenesis. These include ras/raf/Erk and Akt/mTor [1-3]. The authors have investigated whether it would be possible to interrupt these known oncogenic pathways through the inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT), an enzyme that catalyses the biosynthesis of PA. The expression and activity of the LPAAT-β isoform are elevated in human tumours, and the respective gene displays transforming capacity when overexpressed in vitro. Inhibition by either genetic means or by isoform-specific small molecules results in a block to cell signalling pathways and apoptosis. Furthermore, the small-molecule inhibitors of LPAAT-β are not cytotoxic to a number of normal cell types, including primary bone marrow progenitors, indicating a differential dependence of tumour cells on LPAAT-β function. These discoveries indicate that LPAAT-β represents a potential novel cancer therapy target.
Effect of Discharge on Daytime Habitat Use and Selection by Muskellunge in the New River, Virginia (2006)

Abstract For several fish species, increased river discharge has been linked to behavioral changes, including movement towards particular habitats. From 2000 to 2003, we used radiotelemetry to monitor habitat use by 42 muskellunge Esox masquinongy within a 17‐km reach of the New River, Virginia; to evaluate habitat selection; and to determine whether habitat use and selection were affected by discharge. Water depth, occurrence of aquatic vegetation, substrate type, and distance to riverbanks within the study reach were mapped with hydroacoustic and Global Positioning System technologies. Real‐time discharge measurements from an upstream U.S. Geological Survey stream gauge were used to classify fish locations into those made during periods of reduced (&lt;75 m 3 /s) or increased (&gt;75 m 3 /s) discharge. Seasonal habitat selection models for the different discharge levels were created using logistic regression. Differences in logistic regression coefficients between models were tested with multivariate chi‐square tests and Bonferroni‐corrected pairwise comparisons. Meta‐analytic averaging of Pearson's correlation coefficients was used to determine the overall effect size of discharge on habitat use by muskellunge. Overall, muskellunge exhibited a positive selection for deeper habitats; however, discharge was found to significantly affect both habitat use and selection. Habitat use was consistent with the hypothesis that fish moved to shallower habitats (both summer and winter) located closer to riverbanks (winter only) during periods of increased discharge. In terms of habitat selection, selection strengths for variables such as water depth (summer and winter) and distance to shoreline (winter only) generally weakened during periods of increased discharge, indicating that habitat use became more proportionate to availability. Increased movement as a result of increased discharge has been theorized to potentially reduce winter survival of fish because of seasonal energetic limitations. Thus, indirect effects on fish from dam operating modes (e.g., hydropeaking) may be as important as direct effects when evaluating biotic implications of water release schedules.
Prediction of fluid occupancy in fractures using network modeling and x-ray microtomography. II: Results (2007)

This paper presents the implementation of the pore-scale network model described in paper I [see preceding paper, Z. T. Karpyn and M. Piri, Phys. Rev. E 76, 016315 (2007)]. The model is used to estimate flow properties and predict fluid occupancy during two-phase flow displacements in a rough-walled fracture. The fracture's inner structure is available from the reconstruction of x-ray microtomography images of a fractured sandstone core. The model is able to represent mechanisms such as pistonlike displacement, cooperative pore filling, and snapoff. We study the effects of aperture map scales, rate of injection, and gravity on the distribution of phases inside the fracture and present successful predictions of fluid occupancy during primary drainage, imbibition, and secondary drainage. Results were validated rigorously against x-ray microtomography scans obtained from two-phase flow experiments [see Z. T. Karpyn, A. S. Grader, and P. M. Halleck, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 307, 181 (2007)] and showed two-phase fluid structures in agreement with experimental observations.
<title>Optical fiber sensing of strain in synthetic fiber tension members: recent results</title> (1999)

Strain measurements on synthetic fiber rope constructions of the type used in marine applications are reported. The ropes are of a novel construction by virtue of incorporation of fiber-optic sensors for strain measurement. Two instrumentation approaches -- a Brillouin strain measuring system and a RF sub-carrier strain measuring system -- have been utilized to interrogate the fiber sensors.
Public Health Genetics: An Emerging Interdisciplinary Field for the Post-Genomic Era (2000)

Public health genetics is an exciting interdisciplinary area that brings all the public health sciences to bear on the emerging challenge of interpreting the medical and public health significance of genetic variation within populations. Sequencing of the human genome will generate an avalanche of genetic information to be linked with information about microbial, chemical, and physical exposures; nutrition, metabolism, lifestyle behaviors, and medications. The public health genetics mini-symposium in this volume includes articles dealing with educational innovations, host-pathogen interactions in infectious diseases, nutrition/genetic interactions in cancers, and population screening for hemochromatosis. Additional topics addressed here are ecogenetics and risk assessment, the genetics of unhealthful behaviors, and ethical and policy issues. Finally, a set of principles for community-based health research in populations is presented as a public health-oriented counterpart to the principle of autonomy and the practice of informed consent that have become key elements of ethics in medical care and medical research with individuals.
Hypertensive crisis after discontinuation of an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor in a patient with renal dysfunction (2002)

SUMMARY: A 54‐year‐old woman with hypertension treated for 2 years with enalapril, 10 mg daily, was admitted to hospital because of progressively worsening renal function. There was no evidence of scleroderma, except for the presence of anticentromere antibodies. to prevent hyperkalaemia and further deterioration of renal function, enalapril was abruptly withdrawn and replaced with a calcium antagonist on the second hospital day, but hypertensive crisis developed. Renal failure requiring haemodialysis developed 2 weeks after admission. Findings of a renal biopsy were consistent with scleroderma kidney. Scleroderma is difficult to diagnose in the absence of cutaneous symptoms. Therefore, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors should only be discontinued with care in patients with renal dysfunction if there is the possibility of scleroderma without skin changes.
The role of management systems in optical/packet convergence (2005)

Optical/packet convergence is the process that merges optical transport infrastructure and data networking capabilities. In this paper, we discuss the process, its drivers, and the impact of this convergence on network management systems and overall network operations. We identify the business problem in terms of the challenges to the evolution of network operations. Specifically, we address next-generation transport networks, which have adapted well to the key requirements of packet networking through techniques such as Virtual Concatenation, Generic Framing Procedure, Integrated Ethernet switching, and the Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) control plane. We also address the wider issue of operations support consolidation across different data networks including integration utilizing a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) core. We consider the different customer environments for which convergence will need operations support system (OSS) solutions and discuss various options that can lead to a viable operations plan. We close the paper with our preliminary recommendations for how operational convergence can be achieved for different network operations processes.
Preformed Antimicrobial Compounds and Plant Defense against Fungal Attack (1996)

Anne E. Osbourn, Preformed Antimicrobial Compounds and Plant Defense against Fungal Attack, The Plant Cell, Vol. 8, No. 10, Special Review Issue on Plant-Microbe Interactions (Oct., 1996), pp. 1821-1831
A methodology for the design of perforated tiles in raised floor data centers using computational flow analysis (2001)

An important aspect of the design of data centers involves sizing of the perforated floor tiles for return of cold air, the size of the space under the raised floor, and placement of the DP equipment and modular chillers. The flow through individual perforated tiles needs to fulfil the cooling requirements of the computer equipment placed adjacent to them. The novelty of this paper lies in the treatment of the volume under the raised floor as a uniformly pressurized plenum. The accuracy of the Pressurized Plenum model is demonstrated with reference to a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the recirculating flow under the raised floor and the limits of its validity are also identified. The simple model of the volume under the raised floor enables use of the technique of flow network modeling (FNM) for the prediction of the distribution of flow rates exiting from the various tiles. An inverse design method is proposed for one-step design of the perforated tiles and flow balancing plates for individual chillers. Subsequent use of the FNM technique enables assessment of the performance of the actual system. Further, required design changes to an existing system can also be evaluated using the FNM analysis in a simple, quick, and accurate manner. The resulting design approach is very simple and efficient, and is well suited for the design of modern data centers.
Effect of magnetic field and Rashba spin-orbit interaction on the Josephson tunneling between superconducting nanowires (2017)

We calculate the Josephson current between two one-dimensional (1D) nanowires oriented along $x$ with proximity induced $s$-wave superconducting pairing and separated by a narrow dielectric barrier in the presence of both Rashba spin-orbit interaction (SOI) characterized by strength $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and Zeeman fields ($h$ along $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{z}$ and $\mathbf{B}$ in the $x\text{\ensuremath{-}}y$ plane). We formulate a general method for computing the Andreev bound states energy, which allows us to obtain analytical expressions for the energy of these states in several asymptotic cases. We find that in the absence of the magnetic fields the energy gap between the Andreev bound states decreases with increasing Rashba SOI constant leading eventually to touching of the levels. In the absence of Rashba SOI, the Andreev bound states depend on the magnetic fields and display oscillatory behavior with the orientational angle of B, leading to the magneto-Josephson effect. We also present analytic expressions for the dc Josephson current charting out their dependence on $\mathbf{B}$, $h$, and $\ensuremath{\alpha}$. We demonstrate the existence of finite spin-Josephson current in these junctions in the presence of external magnetic fields and provide analytic expressions for its dependence on $\ensuremath{\alpha}$, $\mathbf{B}$, and $h$. Finally, we study the ac Josephson effect in the presence of the SOI (for $|\mathbf{B}|=h=0$) and an external radiation and show that the width of the resulting Shapiro steps in such a system can be tuned by varying $\ensuremath{\alpha}$. We discuss experiments that can test our theoretical results.
MUTATIONAL EVENTS IN THE TRIPLO- AND HAPLO-LETHAL REGION (83DE) OF THE DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER GENOME (1980)

The Drosophila melanogaster genome contains a single region (at 83DE on the polytene chromosome map) for which both heterozygous deficiency and heterozygous duplication are inviable. Seven EMS-induced mutations have been recovered that are viable in combination with a duplication of this region. Two classes of mutations are reported: (1) Mutations that allow survival of flies with either a duplication or a normal third chromosome. These mutations retain Ki, a closely linked marker on the mutagenized chromosome. They fail to complement, and one has been mapped to the vicinity of 83DE. (2) Mutations that allow survival only in heterozygous combination with a duplication and have lost the Ki marker. These mutations represent new deletions of the dose-sensitive information. The possible structural organization of the 83DE region is discussed in light of these two classes of mutations.
On Uplink Network MIMO under a Constrained Backhaul and Imperfect Channel Knowledge (2009)

It is known that next generation mobile communications systems will most likely employ multi-cell signal processing - often referred to as network MIMO - in order to improve spectral efficiency and fairness. Many publications exist that predict strong achievable rate improvements, but usually neglecting various practical issues connected to network MIMO. In this paper, we analyse the impact of a constrained backhaul infrastructure and imperfect channel knowledge on uplink network MIMO from an information theoretical point of view. Especially the latter aspect leads to the fact that the channel conditions for which network MIMO is reasonably beneficial are strongly constrained. We observe different base station cooperation schemes in scenarios of maximal 3 base stations and 3 terminals, provide simulation results, and discuss the practicability of the discussed schemes and the implications of our results.
Scan latch partitioning into multiple scan chains for power minimization in full scan sequential circuits (2000)

Article Scan latch partitioning into multiple scan chains for power minimization in full scan sequential circuits Share on Authors: Nicola Nicolici Electronic Systems Design Group, Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK Electronic Systems Design Group, Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKView Profile , Bashir M. Al-Hashimi Electronic Systems Design Group, Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK Electronic Systems Design Group, Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKView Profile Authors Info & Claims DATE '00: Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in EuropeJanuary 2000 Pages 715–722https://doi.org/10.1145/343647.343901Published:01 January 2000 15citation146DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations15Total Downloads146Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Inhibition of gastric and pancreatic secretion in dogs by CGRP: role of somatostatin (1989)

The coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and somatostatin (SS) within the stomach and pancreas and the potent inhibitory effects of both peptides on exocrine secretions from these organs suggest that they are functionally related. To assess the potential role of SS in the mediation of CGRP action, the effects of intravenous human CGRP (64, 132, and 264 pmol.kg-1.h-1) and somatostatin-14 (SS-14; 100, 400, and 800 pmol.kg-1.h-1) on plasma levels of SS immunoreactivity (SS-IR) and on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric and pancreatic secretion were compared in conscious dogs. CGRP caused significant inhibition of gastric acid (85-102%), pancreatic protein (63-86%), and pancreatic bicarbonate (74-89%) outputs and a simultaneous dose-related rise (40-102 fmol/ml) in plasma SS-IR. Cessation of CGRP infusion resulted in prompt return of plasma SS-IR to basal levels and an increase in gastric and pancreatic secretion. Although CGRP is a potent releasor of SS into the circulation, its inhibitory action on gastric acid secretion cannot be explained solely by a rise in plasma SS-IR. In the pancreas, in contrast to the stomach, inhibition appears to be more closely related to a rise in circulating level of SS-IR.