gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cranial Facial 3D Biometry: Statistical analysis of Class II disharmonies (2020)

We could study Cone Beam documents of patients consulting in ORL with standard Angle Class I occlusion (45 ND), patients consulting in orthodontics with an orthodontic Class II (51 APNS) and patients with a surgical Class II (83 APS). The used 3D biometry calculates systematically a 164 set of parameters able to take into account all kinds of disharmonies; among which 38 parameters are specifically devoted to anterior-posterior "off asymmetry" pathologies. Then the specific Artificial Intelligence (AI) programs treat morphological data and give textual diagnoses. Analysis of the global sample aims to control the efficiency, separating different sub-samples one each other: t test appreciates efficiency of each parameter to recognize clinical sub-sample. The correlation coefficient, r, between each parameter and pseudo Angle molars Class II (GMMy-Gmmy) give the importance of its tie with Class II pathology. Presentation of parameters medium values in each sub-group gives the medium profiles. By direct comparison of patient's parameters values with medium profile, it is possible to locate patient's pathology. So we can take in account new parameters like arches upper/lower gap, anterior bases upper/lower gap, compensatingparameters... It is then possible to make more secure the clinical decision.
A novel seamless scanning leaky wave antenna in ridge gap waveguide technology (2017)

A novel seamless scanning leaky wave antenna in ridge gap waveguide technology is presented. The impedance matching technique is employed to suppress the open-stopband (OSB) which produces a discontinuity for a seamless scanning leaky wave antenna. Ridge gap waveguide proposed recently is used as the feeding structure. The antenna radiates from longitudinal slots of which the leaky constant is designed small to ensure a high directivity. The simulation results of full-wave analysis show that the proposed antenna bandwidth is from 12GHz to 18GHz covering the whole Ku-band while seamless scanning is achieved from backward to forward directions including broadside radiation. The scanning range is from -20° to 14° with an average gain of 18dB.
Design and Prototyping of a 400 MHz RF-dipole Crabbing Cavity for the LHC High-Luminosity Upgrade (2015)

LHC High Luminosity Upgrade is in need of two crabbing systems that deflects the beam in both horizontal and vertical planes. The 400 MHz rf-dipole crabbing cavity system is capable of crabbing the proton beam in both planes. At present we are focusing our efforts on a complete crabbing system in the horizontal plane. Prior to LHC installation the crabbing system will be installed for beam test at SPS. The crabbing system consists of two rf-dipole cavities in the cryomodule. This paper discusses the electromagnetic design and mechanical properties of the rf-dipole crabbing system for SPS beam test.
Smart control of electromagnetically driven dosing pumps (2016)

Electromagnetically driven dosing pumps are suitable for metering any kind of liquid in motor vehicles in a precise manner. Due to the working principle and the pump design, an undesired noise occurs when the armature reaches the mechanical end stops. The noise can be reduced by an adequate self-learning control of the supply energy using a position estimation and velocity control. Based on preliminary investigations /1/, a method for noise reduction is realised by using a user-friendly, tiny and cost-efficient hardware, which enables a use in series manufacturing. The method requires only a voltage and current measurement as input signals. The core of the hardware is an 8-bit microcontroller with 8 kilobytes flash memory including necessary peripherals. A smart software development enables an implementation of the entire noise reduction method onto the tiny flash memory.
A systematic review on the effects of direct oral anticoagulants on cancer growth and metastasis in animal models (2020)

DOAC monotherapy resulted in neoplastic changes in a rat carcinogenicity study, showed a lack of effect in mouse xenograft models, while the effect on cancer growth and metastasis in mouse syngeneic models depended on the timing of DOAC treatment and type of cancer model used.
Catalyst in Basic Oleochemicals (2007)

Currently Indonesia is the world largest palm oil producer with production volume reaching 16 million tones per annum. The high crude oil and ethylene prices in the last 3 – 4 years contribute to the healthy demand growth for basic oleochemicals: fatty acids and fatty alcohols. Oleochemicals are starting to replace crude oil derived products in various applications. As widely practiced in petrochemical industry, catalyst plays a very important role in the production of basic oleochemicals. Catalytic reactions are abound in the production of oleochemicals: Nickel based catalysts are used in the hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids; sodium methylate catalyst in the transesterification of triglycerides; sulfonic based polystyrene resin catalyst in esterification of fatty acids; and copper chromite/copper zinc catalyst in the high pressure hydrogenation of methyl esters or fatty acids to produce fatty alcohols. To maintain long catalyst life, it is crucial to ensure the absence of catalyst poisons and inhibitors in the feed. The preparation methods of nickel and copper chromite catalysts are as follows: precipitation, filtration, drying, and calcinations. Sodium methylate is derived from direct reaction of sodium metal and methanol under inert gas. The sulfonic based polystyrene resin is derived from sulfonation of polystyrene crosslinked with di-vinyl-benzene. © 2007 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Fluorinated Alcohols As Promoters for the Metal-Free Direct Substitution Reaction of Allylic Alcohols with Nitrogenated, Silylated, and Carbon Nucleophiles (2012)

The direct allylic substitution reaction using allylic alcohols in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) as reaction media is described. The developed procedure is simple, works under mild conditions (rt, 50 and 70 °C), and proves to be very general, since different nitrogenated nucleophiles and carbon nucleophiles can be used achieving high yields, especially when HFIP is employed as solvent and aromatic allylic alcohols are the substrates. Thus, sulfonamides, carbamates, carboxamides, and amines can be successfully employed as nitrogen-based nucleophiles. Likewise, silylated nucleophiles such as trimethylsilylazide, allyltrimethylsilane, trimethylsilane, and trimethylsilylphenylacetylene give the corresponding allylic substitution products in high yields. Good results for the Friedel-Crafts adducts are also achieved with aromatic compounds (phenol, anisole, indole, and anilines) as nucleophiles. Particularly interesting are the results obtained with electron-rich anilines, which can behave as nitrogenated or carbon nucleophiles depending on their electronic properties and the solvent employed. In addition, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds (acetylacetone and Meldrum's acid) are also successfully employed as soft carbon nucleophiles. Studies for mechanism elucidation are also reported, pointing toward the existence of carbocationic intermediates and two working reaction pathways for the obtention of the allylic substitution product.
Tuning of undoped ZnO thin film via plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition and its application for an inverted polymer solar cell (2013)

We studied the tuning of structural and optical properties of ZnO thin film and its correlation to the efficiency of inverted solar cell using plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD). The sequential injection of DEZn and O2 plasma was employed for the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of ZnO thin film. As the growth temperature of ZnO film was increased from 100 °C to 300 °C, the crystallinity of ZnO film was improved from amorphous to highly ordered (002) direction ploy-crystal due to self crystallization. Increasing oxygen plasma time in PEALD process also introduces growing of hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnO nanocrystal. Excess of oxygen plasma time induces enhanced deep level emission band (500 ∼ 700 nm) in photoluminescence due to Zn vacancies and other defects. The evolution of structural and optical properties of PEALD ZnO films also involves in change of electrical conductivity by 3 orders of magnitude. The highly tunable PEALD ZnO thin films were employed as the electron conductive layers in inverted polymer solar cells. Our study indicates that both structural and optical properties rather than electrical conductivities of ZnO films play more important role for the effective charge collection in photovoltaic device operation. The ability to tune the materials properties of undoped ZnO films via PEALD should extend their functionality over the wide range of advanced electronic applications.
Thin Film Composite Membranes with Regulated Crossover and Water Migration for Long‐Life Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries (2023)

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are promising for large-scale long-duration energy storage owing to their inherent safety, decoupled power and energy, high efficiency, and longevity. Membranes constitute an important component that affects mass transport processes in RFBs, including ion transport, redox-species crossover, and the net volumetric transfer of supporting electrolytes. Hydrophilic microporous polymers, such as polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM), are demonstrated as next-generation ion-selective membranes in RFBs. However, the crossover of redox species and water migration through membranes are remaining challenges for battery longevity. Here, a facile strategy is reported for regulating mass transport and enhancing battery cycling stability by employing thin film composite (TFC) membranes prepared from a PIM polymer with optimized selective-layer thickness. Integration of these PIM-based TFC membranes with a variety of redox chemistries allows for the screening of suitable RFB systems that display high compatibility between membrane and redox couples, affording long-life operation with minimal capacity fade. Thickness optimization of TFC membranes further improves cycling performance and significantly restricts water transfer in selected RFB systems.
Laboratory-Scale Studies of the Impact of Oxygen on Mashing (2003)

An assessment of the impact of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide on mashing and wort parameters has been made on a laboratory scale. Oxygen has been stridently eliminated by using an anaerobic chamber during mash analysis. Additionally the relative importance of proanthocyanidin species has been assessed by comparing the behaviour of “conventional” malt and a malt produced from a low proanthocyanidin variety. It seems that oxygen and peroxide act independently in causing the oxidation of thiol-containing materials and polyphenols in mashes and that oxygen is not primarily exerting its impacts through the intermediacy of peroxide. The removal of thiols (presumably at least in part through the production of disulphide bridges between proteins) and of polyphenols (presumably via polymerisation) both contribute to increased wort turbidity and decreased rates of wort separation after mashing. Three inhibitors (nordihydroguaiaretic acid, ethylenediamenetetraacetate and potassium cyanide) have been employed in an attempt to differentiate between enzymic and non-enzymic events and also to identify whether lipoxygenase and peroxidase are catalysing key events. Whilst it seems that peroxidase has a key role in catalysing the oxidation of polyphenols by H2O2, it does not appear that either peroxidase or lipoxygenase is involved in the removal of measurable thiol. Nonetheless a significant proportion of the thiol elimination is likely enzyme-catalysed. We have been unable to demonstrate the production of hydroperoxides in mashes, but added hydroperoxide is undetectable, which suggests that these materials are either lost by onward conversion or by adsorption onto spent grains.
Design of the 65 nm CLICpix demonstrator chip (2012)

A hybrid pixel detector ASIC designed to be used in the vertex detector for the CLIC experiment is presented in this note. It has been designed using a commercial 65 nm CMOS technology. The main features include simultaneous 4-bit TOT and TOA measurements with 10 ns accuracy, a spatial resolution of 3 um (the pixel size is 25x25 um), an on-chip data compression scheme and power pulsing capability. A prototype with a fully featured array of 64 by 64 pixels has been designed and produced. Testing on the prototype is ongoing.
A detailed study on Gd2SiO5scintillators: recovery from increased photon yield following irradiation (2015)

Increased light intensity and recovery of GSO scintillators following irradiation were studied by using accelerator beams of 290 MeV/n carbon nuclei. This is the first measurement of recovery phase by using accelerator beams. The obtained results were consistent with previous results obtained by using 60Co gamma rays and UV excitation. We confirmed a 23% increase in light intensity following irradiation with 7.4 kGy as well as exponential recovery on a time scale of 104s. The temporal profile of recovery was fitted by a single exponential with an asymptotic increase of 13±1% relative to the light intensity before irradiation. Active recovery was attempted by exposing an irradiated GSO sample to infrared light with intensity up to 8.3 kW/cm2, but no indication of accelerated recovery was observed.
Characterization of a novel bacterial adhesion specificity of Streptococcus suis recognizing blood group P receptor oligosaccharides. (1993)

Streptococcus suis causes sepsis, meningitis, and other serious infections in piglets, and meningitis in humans. Hemagglutination inhibition experiments with mono- and oligosaccharides and glycoproteins indicated that galactose-binding strains of S. suis recognized the Gal alpha 1-4Gal sequence present in the P1 and Pk blood group antigen structures. In thin-layer chromatography overlay assays the bacteria bound to trihexosylceramide (GbO3) but not to globoside (GbO4) or Forssman glycolipid (GbO5), in contrast to P-fimbriated Escherichia coli, which bound only to the latter two. The S. suis adhesin also differed from that of E. coli in that some of the hydrogen bonds formed with the receptor, as determined with chemically modified receptor analogues, were different. In agreement with the binding specificity, the S. suis bacteria agglutinated best among P blood group erythrocytes those of the P1k and P2k type, and from different animal erythrocytes those from rabbit, which express GbO3 as the predominant glycolipid. Binding to frozen sections of pig pharyngeal tissue was decreased by the free GbO3 oligosaccharide and its protein conjugate, which indicated that the corresponding glycolipid may function as receptor for galactose-binding strains of S. suis in pig pharyngeal epithelium.
Decorin prevents the development of juvenile communicating hydrocephalus (2013)

In post-haemorrhagic and other forms of communicating hydrocephalus, cerebrospinal fluid flow and drainage is obstructed by subarachnoid fibrosis in which the potent fibrogenic cytokine transforming growth factor-β has been aetiologically implicated. Here, the hypothesis that the transforming growth factor-β antagonist decorin has therapeutic potential for reducing fibrosis and ventriculomegaly was tested using a rat model of juvenile communicating hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was induced by a single basal cistern injection of kaolin in 3-week-old rats, immediately followed by 3 or 14 days of continuous intraventricular infusion of either human recombinant decorin or phosphate-buffered saline (vehicle). Ventricular expansion was measured by magnetic resonance imaging at Day 14. Fibrosis, transforming growth factor-β/Smad2/3 activation and hydrocephalic brain pathology were evaluated at Day 14 and the inflammatory response at Days 3 and 14 by immunohistochemistry and basic histology. Analysis of ventricular size demonstrated the development of hydrocephalus in kaolin-injected rats but also revealed that continuous decorin infusion prevented ventricular enlargement, such that ventricle size remained similar to that in intact control rats. Decorin prevented the increase in transforming growth factor-β1 and phosphorylated Smad2/3 levels throughout the ventricular system after kaolin injection and also inhibited the deposition of the extracellular matrix molecules, laminin and fibronectin in the subarachnoid space. In addition, decorin protected against hydrocephalic brain damage inferred from attenuation of glial and inflammatory reactions. Thus, we conclude that decorin prevented the development of hydrocephalus in juvenile rats by blocking transforming growth factor-β-induced subarachnoid fibrosis and protected against hydrocephalic brain damage. The results suggest that decorin is a potential clinical therapeutic for the treatment of juvenile post-haemorrhagic communicating hydrocephalus.
High Temperature Creep under Bend Loading in Si-Ti-C-O Ceramic Fiber Bonded Body. (1999)

The Si-Ti-C-O fiber bonded ceramic material was creep-tested under three-point bend loading at 1400°C, where deflection was measured at the loading point by means of the laser beam type extensometer. Furthermore, creep process was analyzed by using the convenient analytical method and F.E.M. The creep constitutive equation was successfully determined through an inverse analysis using F.E.M; parameters included in the equation were settled so that the calculated deflection-test time curve might coincide with the measured one. The calculation exhibited that compressive creep hardly occurred in this material. The convenient analytical method was useful for setting the initial values of the parameters in the FEM calculation. In addition, creep fracture patterns were revealed through SEM observations.
AML Progenitor/Stem Cells Overexpress XIAP and Are Sensitive to the Small Molecular XIAP Inhibitor 1396-11. (2006)

Abstract Chemotherapy is the primary treatment modality for AML patients. Although most patients show initial responses to chemotherapeutic agents, the majority of patients relapse, suggesting that more primitive cells in AML are resistant to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. XIAP, a potent cellular caspase inhibitor, is highly expressed in various tumor cells and leukemic cells and contributes to chemoresistance. However, the expression levels of XIAP in early progenitor/stem cells of AML patient are unknown. To address this question, we collected blasts from bone marrow or peripheral blood of AML patients (n=11) and separated them into CD34+/CD38+ and CD34+/CD38− populations by fluorescent-activated cell sorter after immunostaining. RNA was isolated and XIAP mRNA levels were determined by Taq-Man quantitative RT-PCR in these two cell populations and compared with levels from normal CD34+/CD38+ and CD34+/CD38− cells (n=13). Our results demonstrated that XIAP is highly expressed in both progenitor (CD34+/CD38+) and stem cell (CD34+/CD38−) compartments in primary AML blasts, with XIAP mRNA levels higher in these two cell populations in AML than in the corresponding normal bone marrow progenitor/stem cells (p=0.05 and 0.08 for CD34+/CD38+ and CD34+/CD38− compartments, respectively). Our previous studies showed that inhibition of XIAP expression by antisense oligonucleotide and its suppression by small molecule chemicals induce apoptosis of AML cells. 1396–11 and 1396–34, polyphenylurea-based small molecule XIAP inhibitors bind to and inhibit the BIR2 domain of XIAP. 1396–34 was previously tested in AML (Carter, et al. Blood105: 4043, 2005). Previous studies of 1396–11 demonstrated anti-tumor activity against human solid tumor xenografts in mice with no apparent hematopoietic or liver toxicities (Schimmer, et al. Cancer Cell5: 25, 2004; Berezovskaya, et al. Cancer Research65: 2378, 2005). We treated OCI-AML3, HL-60, Jurkat, and U937 leukemia cells with 1396–11 and found it to be more potent than 1396–34 in all leukemia cell lines tested. In addition, we treated AML blasts from 5 patients with 1396–11 and its inactive control 1396–28. Apoptosis was determined in total blasts and in both the CD34+/CD38+ and CD34+/CD38− compartments. Our results showed that 1396–11 induced cell death equally in bulk blasts, CD34+/CD38+ progenitor, and CD34+/CD38− stem cells. Four out of 5 AML samples showed significant apoptosis with ≤ 10 μM 1396–11. The control compound 1396–28 had minimal effect on cell survival in all 5 patient samples tested. Our studies illustrated that XIAP is overexpressed in AML progenitor/stem cells and that these cells are sensitive to a small molecule XIAP inhibitor, suggesting XIAP is a target for AML therapy, with the potential of eradicating primitive leukemic progenitor/stem cells.
Biliary sludge after liver transplantation: 2. Treatment with interventional techniques versus surgery and/or oral chemolysis. (1995)

Interventional techniques are effective therapeutic alternatives for treating biliary sludge occurring after liver transplantation and should be considered before surgical procedures. An indication for interventional procedures in biliary sludge is lack of success of oral chemolysis and an absence of other complications that require surgery or retransplantation.
ChemInform Abstract: Na2EuAs2S5, NaEuAsS4, and Na4Eu(AsS4)2: Controlling the Valency of Arsenic in Polysulfide Fluxes. (2012)

Abstract Depending on the relative As content and the basicity of the polysulfide flux, either the As V compounds (V) and (VI) or the As III compound (VII) are obtained.
Vers une aquaculture durable (2019)

Depuis quinze ans, l'aquaculture ne vise plus seulement à produire une grande quantité de poissons, elle cherche aussi à être plus respectueuse de l'environnement.
Covalent Proximity Scanning of a Distal Cysteine to Target PI3Kα (2022)

Covalent protein kinase inhibitors exploit currently noncatalytic cysteines in the adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-binding site via electrophiles directly appended to a reversible-inhibitor scaffold. Here, we delineate a path to target solvent-exposed cysteines at a distance >10 Å from an ATP-site-directed core module and produce potent covalent phosphoinositide 3-kinase α (PI3Kα) inhibitors. First, reactive warheads are used to reach out to Cys862 on PI3Kα, and second, enones are replaced with druglike warheads while linkers are optimized. The systematic investigation of intrinsic warhead reactivity (<i>k</i><sub>chem</sub>), rate of covalent bond formation and proximity (<i>k</i><sub>inact</sub> and reaction space volume <i>V</i><sub>r</sub>), and integration of structure data, kinetic and structural modeling, led to the guided identification of high-quality, covalent chemical probes. A novel stochastic approach provided direct access to the calculation of overall reaction rates as a function of <i>k</i><sub>chem</sub>, <i>k</i><sub>inact</sub>, <i>K</i><sub>i</sub>, and <i>V</i><sub>r</sub>, which was validated with compounds with varied linker lengths. X-ray crystallography, protein mass spectrometry (MS), and NanoBRET assays confirmed covalent bond formation of the acrylamide warhead and Cys862. In rat liver microsomes, compounds <b>19</b> and <b>22</b> outperformed the rapidly metabolized CNX-1351, the only known PI3Kα irreversible inhibitor. Washout experiments in cancer cell lines with mutated, constitutively activated PI3Kα showed a long-lasting inhibition of PI3Kα. In SKOV3 cells, compounds <b>19</b> and <b>22</b> revealed PI3Kβ-dependent signaling, which was sensitive to TGX221. Compounds <b>19</b> and <b>22</b> thus qualify as specific chemical probes to explore PI3Kα-selective signaling branches. The proposed approach is generally suited to develop covalent tools targeting distal, unexplored Cys residues in biologically active enzymes.