gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of High Calcium Intake on Fat Digestion and Bile Acid Excretion in Feces of Veal Calves (1998)

We tested the hypothesis that apparent digestibility of fat by veal calves is determined by the participation of bile acids in the process of fat absorption and is, therefore, negatively associated with bile acid excretion in feces. Veal calves were fed milk replacers that contained whey protein and either a low (5.2 g of calcium/kg of air-dried diet) or high (12.4 g of calcium/kg of air-dried diet) concentration of calcium. The high calcium milk replacer contained extra calcium in the form of calcium formate. Final body weight was not significantly influenced by diet after the milk replacers had been fed for 27 wk. Feces were quantitatively collected during wk 23 of the trial. The high calcium milk replacer reduced apparent fat digestibility by 5.6 percentage units and increased bile acid excretion in feces by 90% compared with the low calcium milk replacer. The extra calcium intake decreased apparent absorption of magnesium and phosphorus. We proposed that a high intake of calcium by veal calves would increase the amount of insoluble calcium, magnesium, and phosphate complexes in the intestinal lumen, which, because of the binding of bile acids, would exclude bile acids from the process of fat digestion and inhibit reabsorption of bile acids. As a result, fat digestion is impaired, and bile acid excretion in feces is enhanced. The complex formation in the ileal lumen also explains why high calcium intake reduces magnesium and phosphorus absorption in veal calves.
Programa escuela de madres y padres del Ajuntament de València (2020)

Trabajo presentado en el IX Congreso Internacional de Educación y Aprendizaje, celebrado en modalidad virtual del 10 al 11 de octubre de 2020.
Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Given With or Before Breakfast: II. Effects on Plasma Concentration of Methylphenidate and Ritalinic Acid (1983)

Methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin) is often prescribed for the treatment of hyperactivity and is usually administered orally 30 minutes to 1 hour before meals, based on an assumption that meals may interfere with the absorption or metabolism of the drug. Seven boys who were taking methylphenidate regularly for the treatment of hyperactivity were hospitalized and given their established dose of the drug intravenously or orally, either with breakfast or in a fasted state. Blood samples were taken to determine the pharmacokinetics of the drug in each condition. Few differences between the "fed" and "fasted" states were noted, but the statistically significant differences indicated that meals accelerate rather than impede the absorption of methylphenidate.
Thermodynamical aspects of the polymerization reaction of PMMA cement mixed with phosphatic mineral phases. (1993)

The main problem related to the use of polymeric cement in orthopaedics is the high temperature reached during the polymerization, causing necrosis. This paper reports a thermodynamical study of the polymerization reaction of an acrylic cement mixed with powdered phosphatic phases. In particular, mixing of alpha-tricalciumphosphate, beta-tricalciumphosphate and hydroxyapatite was proposed. Important preliminary results indicated that amounts of about 66% by weight of alpha-tricalciumphosphate reduced the polymerization temperature to about 58 degrees C in respect to 100 degrees C of pure acrylic cement. In addition, a special chamber was designed and realized to monitor the temperature variations involved during the polymerization reaction of the different mixtures.
Development of a HPLC fluorometric method for the quantification of enfuvirtide following in vitro releasing studies on thermosensitive in situ forming gel (2023)

Due to the presence of peptidase and protease in the gastrointestinal tract, peptides are subjected to digestion and inactivation when administrated orally. To avoid degradation and maintain the desired efficacy of peptide drugs, there is a demand to develop transdermal and intradermal delivery systems. This requires efficient and specific analytical methods to separate and quantify the peptide drugs from the formulation and the skin matrix in the early stages of pharmaceutical development. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system equipped with a fluorometric detector was used to quantify enfuvirtide, which is the first fusion inhibitor for HIV treatment. The HPLC method was developed and validated according to the ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. The viability of the method was demonstrated during in vitro studies, where samples were analysed following intradermal administration of a thermosensitive in situ forming gel. Compared with previously reported methods, this assay proved efficient, sensitive and accurate, with a detection limit of 0.74 μg/mL and a run time of 9 min, mitigating the use of any internal standards and detergents. The addition of an organic solvent to the samples successfully solved the problem of low recovery caused by the adsorption of the drug to the plastic consumables in the sample treatment process. The amount of enfuvirtide releasing from the in situ gel through skin after 7 hours was 16.25 ± 7.08 μg, which was significantly lower than the reconstituted FUZEON<sup>®</sup> itself (26.68 ± 10.45 μg), showing a longer release profile. The results may be beneficial as a constructive input for future enfuvirtide quantification within a preclinical setting through in vitro release studies across the skin.
Orally Administered Liposome-Entrapped Insulin in Diabetic Animals (1982)

We investigated the effects of liposome-entrapped insulin (LEI) administered orally one-half to one-tenth of previously reported doses, on plasma glucose and insulin in the spontaneously diabetic BB Wistar rat and in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Incorporation of insulin within the liposome fraction ranged from 15 to 23%. Radioimmunoassay of Triton X-100 treated LEI yielded insulin values in high agreement (82 +/- 10%) with those predicted based on estimated incorporation. Whereas insulin alone, or liposomes devoid of insulin had no effect, LEI 5 U/kg significantly reduced glucose and raised insulin in 54% of rats (13 of 24) and 67% of the rabbits (6 of 9). Among the rats that responded, blood glucose fell from a basal of 318 +/- 21 mg/dl to a nadir of 186 +/- 22 mg/dl at 2 h (p less than 0.001); values at 1, 2 and 4 h were all significantly less (58-69%) than basal. Similarly, glucose declined significantly for 3 h post LEI in the rabbits while IRI rose from 30 +/- 7 micro U/ml to a peak of 399 +/- 75 micro U/ml at 1 h (p less than 0.001); values at 2 and 3 h remained significantly elevated. Some batches of LEI failed to reduce glucose despite apparently adequate incorporation, while even with effective batches some animals failed to respond. Thus, although orally administered LEI can be effective, their stability and effectiveness are not completely predictable.
Joint Rate and Power Control in Wireless Network: A Novel Successive Approximations Method (2010)

The conventional method of joint rate and power control (JRPC) relies on high signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) assumption which achieves only suboptimal results. By using a novel successive convex approximations method, we can attain the global optimal source rates and link powers in a distributed fashion exploiting message passing. Through simulations, our method converges faster than the previous work based on logarithm successive convex approximations.
Ciclesonide uptake and metabolism in human alveolar type II epithelial cells (A549) (2007)

Uptake of ciclesonide into A549 cells was more efficient than that of the less lipophilic fluticasone propionate. Intracellular concentrations of the pharmacologically active metabolite des-CIC were maintained for up to 24 h. The local anti-inflammatory activity of ciclesonide in the lung may be prolonged by the slow release of active drug from the depot of fatty acid esters.
Relationship between Ice Nucleation Frequency of Bacteria and (1982)

Not every cell of a given bacterial isolate that has ice-nucleating properties can serve as an ice nucleus at any given time and temperature. The ratio between the number of ice nuclei and number of bacterial cells in a culture (i.e. nucleation frequency) was found to vary with incubation temperature, growth medium composition, culture age, and genotype. Optimal conditions for ice nucleus production in vitro included incubation of the bacterial cells at 20 to 24?C on nutrient agar containing glycerol. The relationship between nucleation frequency and frost injury was examined by subjecting corn seedlings to -4?C immediately after they were sprayed with bacterial suspensions with different nucleation frequencies and by following both ice nucleus concentration and bacterial population size on leaves of corn seedlings as a function of time after bacterial application. The amount of frost injury to growth chamber-grown corn seedlings at -4?C was a function of the number of ice nuclei active at that temperature on the leaves. The number of ice nuclei, in turn, is the product of the nucleation frequency and population size of ice-nucleation-active bacteria present on the leaves.
The Dissociation between Polarity, Semantic Orientation, and Emotional Tone as an Early Indicator of Cognitive Impairment (2016)

The present study aims to identify early cognitive impairment through the efficient use of therapies that can improve the quality of daily life and prevent disease progress. We propose a methodology based on the hypothesis that the dissociation between oral semantic expression and the physical expressions, facial gestures, or emotions transmitted in a person's tone of voice is a possible indicator of cognitive impairment. Experiments were carried out with phrases, analyzing the semantics of the message, and the tone of the voice of patients through unstructured interviews in healthy people and patients at an early Alzheimer's stage. The results show that the dissociation in cognitive impairment was an effective indicator, arising from patterns of inconsistency between the analyzed elements. Although the results of our study are encouraging, we believe that further studies are necessary to confirm that this dissociation is a probable indicator of cognitive impairment.
Differential progression of coronary atherosclerosis according to plaque composition: a cluster analysis of PARADIGM registry data (2021)

Patient-specific phenotyping of coronary atherosclerosis would facilitate personalized risk assessment and preventive treatment. We explored whether unsupervised cluster analysis can categorize patients with coronary atherosclerosis according to their plaque composition, and determined how these differing plaque composition profiles impact plaque progression. Patients with coronary atherosclerotic plaque (n = 947; median age, 62 years; 59% male) were enrolled from a prospective multi-national registry of consecutive patients who underwent serial coronary computed tomography angiography (median inter-scan duration, 3.3 years). K-means clustering applied to the percent volume of each plaque component and identified 4 clusters of patients with distinct plaque composition. Cluster 1 (n = 52), which comprised mainly fibro-fatty plaque with a significant necrotic core (median, 55.7% and 16.0% of the total plaque volume, respectively), showed the least total plaque volume (PV) progression (+ 23.3 mm<sup>3</sup>), with necrotic core and fibro-fatty PV regression (- 5.7 mm<sup>3</sup> and - 5.6 mm<sup>3</sup>, respectively). Cluster 2 (n = 219), which contained largely fibro-fatty (39.2%) and fibrous plaque (46.8%), showed fibro-fatty PV regression (- 2.4 mm<sup>3</sup>). Cluster 3 (n = 376), which comprised mostly fibrous (62.7%) and calcified plaque (23.6%), showed increasingly prominent calcified PV progression (+ 21.4 mm<sup>3</sup>). Cluster 4 (n = 300), which comprised mostly calcified plaque (58.7%), demonstrated the greatest total PV increase (+ 50.7mm<sup>3</sup>), predominantly increasing in calcified PV (+ 35.9 mm<sup>3</sup>). Multivariable analysis showed higher risk for plaque progression in Clusters 3 and 4, and higher risk for adverse cardiac events in Clusters 2, 3, and 4 compared to that in Cluster 1. Unsupervised clustering algorithms may uniquely characterize patient phenotypes with varied atherosclerotic plaque profiles, yielding distinct patterns of progressive disease and outcome.
Systems technologies for silicon auditory models (1994)

Presents a low-power analog integrated circuit which implements a biologically inspired algorithm for the spectral analysis of sound. The chip features an efficient interface to digital systems; preserving analog processing's low-power, high-density advantages requires careful attention to interface issues. To send the spectral representation off chip, it generates a sparse coding of the output spectrum, and communicates the code as an asynchronous stream of events. We store parameters for the spectral analysis algorithm as charge on floating nodes, and support the modification of these parameters via Fowler-Nordheim tunneling, under the control of a digital interface. A prototype system uses this chip as a preprocessor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps orchestrate initiation and resolution of inflammation. (2016)

Neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in the human body, are considered to be the first line of defense in the fight against microorganisms. In this fight neutrophils employ weaponry such as reactive oxygen species produced via the NADPH oxidase complex 2 together with the release of intracellular granules containing antimicrobial agents. The discovery that activated neutrophils release decondensed chromatin as DNase-sensitive neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) lead to a renewed interest in these leukocytes and the function of NETs in vivo. In this review, we will focus on desirable as well as detrimental features of NETs by the example of gout and pancreatitis. In our models we observed that neutrophils drive the initiation of inflammation and are required for the resolution of inflammation.
Delta storage for arbitrary non-text files (1991)

The storage of different versions of documents is an essential part of each software version and configuration
Ensemble prosody prediction for expressive speech synthesis (2023)

Generating expressive speech with rich and varied prosody continues to be a challenge for Text-to-Speech. Most efforts have focused on sophisticated neural architectures intended to better model the data distribution. Yet, in evaluations it is generally found that no single model is preferred for all input texts. This suggests an approach that has rarely been used before for Text-to-Speech: an ensemble of models. We apply ensemble learning to prosody prediction. We construct simple ensembles of prosody predictors by varying either model architecture or model parameter values. To automatically select amongst the models in the ensemble when performing Text-to-Speech, we propose a novel, and computationally trivial, variance-based criterion. We demonstrate that even a small ensemble of prosody predictors yields useful diversity, which, combined with the proposed selection criterion, outperforms any individual model from the ensemble.
Strip Antenna Figure Errors due to Support Truss Member Length Imperfections (2004)

The dependence of strip antenna steadyy state geometric errors on member length uncertainties in the supporting truss beam is studied with the Monte carlo analysis of a representative truss design. The results, presented in a format streamlined for practical use, can guide the specification for hardware fabrication of required error tolerances (for structural properties as well as member lengths), or they can aid the prediction of antenna performance if component statistics are available.
Daratumumab (DARA) in combination with carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (KRd) in patients (pts) with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MMY1001): An open-label, phase 1b study. (2017)

8000 Background: DARA in combination with established standard of care regimens prolongs PFS, deepens responses, and demonstrates a favorable safety profile in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM). The tolerability and efficacy of DARA-KRd in newly diagnosed MM pts was examined. Methods: Newly diagnosed pts regardless of transplantation eligibility were enrolled. Pts received DARA 16 mg/kg QW for Cycles 1-2, Q2W for Cycles 3-6, and Q4W thereafter. All pts received the 1st dose of DARA split over 2 days. Carfilzomib (K) was administered on Days 1, 8 and 15 of each 28-day cycle (20 mg/m 2 on C1D1, 36 or 70 mg/m 2 subsequently based on tolerability of first dose) for ≤13 cycles or elective discontinuation for ASCT. Lenalidomide 25 mg was given on Days 1-21 and dexamethasone 20-40 mg per week. The primary endpoint was tolerability. Results: Twenty-two pts (median [range] age, 60 [34-74] y) were enrolled and received a median of 8 (1-10) treatment cycles. Nineteen pts escalated K dose to 70 mg/m 2 by C1D15. Median (range) duration of follow-up was 7.4 (4.0-9.3) months. Six (27%) pts discontinued treatment (1 AE [pulmonary embolism]; 1 PD; 4 other [ASCT]). Serious AEs occurred in 46% of pts, and 14% were possibly related to DARA; 18 (82%) experienced a grade 3/4 TEAE. The most common grade 3/4 TEAEs (&gt;10%) were lymphopenia (50%) and neutropenia (23%); 1 (5%) cardiac grade 3 TEAE was observed (congestive heart failure) which resolved; pt quickly resumed study treatment with reduced K dose. No grade 5 TEAE was reported. All DARA-associated infusion reactions (27% of pts) were grade ≤2. Treatment with DARA-KRd yielded an ORR (≥partial response) of 100% (5% complete response, 86% ≥very good partial response) in 21 response-evaluable pts. The 6-month PFS rate was 100%. Conclusions: The addition of DARA to KRd was well tolerated; the overall safety profile was consistent with that previously reported for KRd, with no additional toxicity observed with the addition of DARA. Deep and durable responses were observed. These data support further investigation of DARA-KRd as a frontline treatment regimen. Updated data will be presented based on longer follow up. Clinical trial information: NCT01998971.
Antibiotic Substances From Basidiomycetes (1951)

Several species of the genus Pleurotus have been found in this laboratory to form substances inhibitory for Staphylococcus aureus.Among these were two species, Pleurotus mutilus (Fr.)Sacc.and P. Passeckerianus Pilat, obtained from the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baarn.An antibacterial substance formed by these fungi was isolated in crystalline form from culture liquids; it was named pleuromutilin.P. mutilus grown on corn-steep, thiamine-peptone, or potato-dextrose agars for two days and tested by the streak-method, markedly inhibited Staphylococcus aureus, inhibited incompletely Mycobacterium smegma, and had no effect on Escherichia coli.Agar disks cut from colonies 10 days old formed inhibition zones 20 mm. in diameter with S. aureus and a small zone of incomplete inhibition with M. smegma.P. Passeckerianus produced similar zones of inhibition.Still Cultures.--P.mutilus was grown at 25C. in 2800 ml.Fernbach flasks containing beech-wood shavings and a corn-steep medium.'About four weeks after inoculation the mycelium covered the surface of the liquid and the activity against S. aureus was about 512 dilution units per ml.Reflooding the mats with fresh corn steep medium resulted in as high ac- tivity in about one week after reflooding.The reflooding was repeated at about 10-day intervals until the mat became so thick that the operation was difficult.The flasks inoculated with P. Passeckerianus reached an activity of 256 dilution units per ml. in about one month.
Supplementary Data from Prognostic Significance of DNA Methylation Profiles at MRI Enhancing Tumor Recurrence: a Report from the EORTC 26091 TAVAREC Trial (2023)

Supplementary Data from Prognostic Significance of DNA Methylation Profiles at MRI Enhancing Tumor Recurrence: a Report from the EORTC 26091 TAVAREC Trial
Modification of Nylon and Polyesters via Graft Copolymerization (1997)

Abstract Polyesters and nylons are synthetic fibers produced from polycondensation. They are considered as versatile synthetic fibers with unchallenged utility in textile, household, and industrial applications. Polyesters and nylons are used in the form of filament yarns and spun-fiber yarns for the manufacture of apparel, hosiery, upholstery, tire cord, seat belts, parachutes, ropes, and more.
Biosynthesis, synthesis, and biological activities of pyrrolobenzodiazepines (2010)

Pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBDs) are sequence selective DNA alkylating agents with remarkable antineoplastic activity. They are either naturally produced by actinomycetes or synthetically produced. The remarkable broad spectrum of activities of the naturally produced PBDs encouraged the synthesis of several PBDs, including dimeric and hybrid PBDs yielding to an improvement in the DNA-binding sequence specificity and in the potency of this class of compounds. However, limitation in the chemical synthesis prevented the testing of one of the most potent PBDs, sibiromycin, a naturally produced glycosylated PBDs. Only recently, the biosynthetic gene clusters for PBDs have been identified opening the doors to the production of glycosylated PBDs by mutasynthesis and biosynthetic engineering. This review describes the recent studies on the biosynthesis of naturally produced pyrrolobenzodiazepines. In addition, it provides an overview on the isolation and characterization of naturally produced PBDs, chemical synthesis of PBDs, mechanism of DNA alkylation, and DNA-binding affinity and cytotoxic properties of both naturally produced and synthetic pyrrolobenzodiazepines.
Regioselective syntheses of 2‐amino‐4,5‐dialkylthiophene‐3‐carboxylates and their conversion to 3,4‐dihydro‐4‐oxothieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐2‐carboxylates (1987)

Abstract The synthesis of 3,4‐dihydro‐4‐oxothieno[2,3‐ d ]pyrimidine‐2‐carboxylates via acid catalyzed reactions of various 2‐aminothiophene‐3‐carboxylates with activated nitriles is presented. The requisite thiophenes were prepared regioselectively by methods which represent improvements over previously published procedures.
Selective release from cultured mammalian cells of heat‐shock (stress) proteins that resemble glia‐axon transfer proteins (1989)

Cultured rat embryo cells were stimulated to rapidly release a small group of proteins that included several heat-shock proteins (hsp110, hsp71, hscp73) and nonmuscle actin. The extracellular proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Heat-shocked cells released the same set of proteins as control cells with the addition of the stress-inducible hsp110 and hsp71. Release of these proteins was not blocked by either monensin or colchicine, inhibitors of the common secretory pathway. A small amount of the glucose-regulated protein grp78 was externalized by this pathway. The extracellular accumulation of these proteins was inhibited after they were synthesized in the presence of the lysine analogue aminoethyl cysteine. It is likely that the analogue-substituted proteins were misfolded and could not be released from cells, supporting our conclusion that a selective release mechanism is involved. Remarkably, actin and the squid heat-shock proteins homologous to rat hsp71 and hsp110 are also among a select group of proteins transferred from glial cells to the squid giant axon, where they have been implicated in neuronal stress responses (Tytell et al.: Brain Res., 363:161-164, 1986). Based in part on the similarities between these two sets of proteins, we hypothesized that these proteins were released from labile cortical regions of animal cells in response to perturbations of homeostasis in cells as evolutionarily distinct as cultured rat embryo cells and squid glial cells.