gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated BHA System Drills Curve/Lateral in One Run at Record ROP Saving Seven Days Rig Time (2014)

Abstract Rodrigo Martin Apache Energia Argentina recently commenced horizontal drilling activity to develop shale gas reserves in Neuquén basin, Argentina. On the first well, the curve was drilled with a 12¼-in PDC bit on a positive displacement motor (PDM) bottom hole assembly. The lateral was drilled with an 8½" PDC on a point-the-bit rotary steerable system. A motor BHA was used in the curve because a standard RSS could not deliver the required dogleg severity (DLS). To optimize operations, the operator wanted to complete the curve and lateral with a single 8½" PDC bit. However, the lack of a high-build rate RSS tool required the curve to be drilled with a motor building to 50° of inclination then tripping for a point-the-bit RSS to TD the lateral. The single diameter strategy was successfully executed but further NPT reduction was still possible. The challenge was to drill the curve and lateral with a high build-rate RSS and a single 8½" PDC in one run to eliminate a trip to change the directional drilling system. The introduction of an inclination hold and azimuth software system would enable the hybrid RSS tool, created to build the aggressive curve angle, to continue efficiently drilling in the lateral saving an additional trip. An engineering analysis was then launched to design an application specific PDC bit for the hybrid RSS. An FEA-based system was employed to analyze offset BHAs, directional profiles, bit technologies and mud properties. The study revealed that the baseline PDC was delivering excellent ROP in both the curve and lateral sections, but t modifications would be required to improve the bit's dynamic stability. A modified 8½-in SDi513bit was proposed that featured a customized cutting structure and gauge for improved stability. Next, a rock strength analysis system was used to determine characteristics of lithologies encountered in the field. The study determined that Quintuco (curve) and Vaca Muerta (lateral) formations have relatively low unconfined compressive strengths (3-15 kpsi) but vibration potential in Quintuco formation is moderate. Computer simulations were run to map lateral/axial acceleration and bit torque on the hybrid RSS. The results showed that the new PDC design displayed a significant increase in dynamic stability compared to the baseline bit with similar high rate of penetration (ROP) potential. The shale optimized BHA was run and it drilled 1289m of curve and lateral in one run at a record ROP of 9.64 m/hr, 35% faster than the offset average. The high build-rate hybrid RSS landed the wellbore at 96° inclination with a maximum turning radius of 11.8°/30m increasing reservoir exposure within the allotted acreage unit. The increased ROP enabled Apache to reach total depth (TD) seven days ahead of plan with savings of $595,000USD.
Arsenic causes mitochondrial biogenesis obstacles by inhibiting the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway and also induces apoptosis and dysregulated mitophagy in the duck liver (2021)

Arsenic is a dangerous metalloid-material which is known to cause liver injury in many animals and humans. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism of arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity in poultry. This study was executed to systematically investigate the potential role of mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy and apoptosis in duck hepatotoxicity caused by arsenic. Results showed that the body weight and liver coefficient of duck had distinct changed after arsenic-exposure, and the arsenic content in serum and liver also increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, histopathological examination and metabolomics results showed that arsenic-exposure caused severe steatosis and metabolism disorder in liver tissues. Furthermore, arsenic-exposure significantly inhibited AMPK/PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis, determined by the ultrastructure observation and down-regulation of p-AMPKα/AMPKα, PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2, TFAM, TFB1M, TFB2M and COX-Ⅳ expression levels. Besides, arsenic-treatment obviously increased the levels of mitophagy (PINK1, Parkin, LC3, P62) and pro-apoptotic (Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Cleaved Caspase-3, Cytc, Bax, P53) indexes, and simultaneously resulted in reductions in anti-apoptosis index (Bcl-2). Overall, our findings provided evidences that arsenic-induced duck hepatotoxicity may be caused by a combination of impaired mitochondrial biosynthesis, mitophagy, and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report to systematically investigate the potential mechanism of arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity in poultry.
A C-arm photon counting CT prototype with volumetric coverage using multi-sweep step-and-shoot acquisitions (2022)

<i>Objective.</i>Existing clinical C-arm interventional systems use scintillator-based energy-integrating flat panel detectors (FPDs) to generate cone-beam CT (CBCT) images. Despite its volumetric coverage, FPD-CBCT does not provide sufficient low-contrast detectability desired for certain interventional procedures. The purpose of this work was to develop a C-arm photon counting detector (PCD) CT system with a step-and-shoot data acquisition method to further improve the tomographic imaging performance of interventional systems.<i>Approach.</i>As a proof-of-concept, a cadmium telluride-based 51 cm × 0.6 cm PCD was mounted in front of a FPD in an Artis Zee biplane system. A total of 10 C-arm sweeps (5 forward and 5 backward) were prescribed. A motorized patient table prototype was synchronized with the C-arm system such that it translates the object by a designated distance during the sub-second rest time in between gantry sweeps. To evaluate whether this multi-sweep step-and-shoot acquisition strategy can generate high-quality and volumetric PCD-CT images without geometric distortion artifacts, experiments were performed using physical phantoms, a human cadaver head, and an<i>in vivo</i>swine subject. Comparison with FPD-CT was made under matched narrow beam collimation and radiation dose conditions.<i>Main results.</i>Compared with FPD-CT images, PCD-CT images had lower noise and improved visualization of low-contrast lesion models, as well as improved visibility of small iodinated blood vessels. Fine structures were visualized more clearly by the PCD-CT than the highest-available resolution provided by FPD-CBCT and MDCT. No perceivable geometric distortion artifacts were observed in the multi-planar PCD-CT images.<i>Significance.</i>This work is the first demonstration of the feasibility of high-quality and multi-planar (volumetric) PCD-CT imaging with a rotating C-arm gantry.
MEASUREMENTS OF SHOCK WAVE FORCE IN SHOCK TUBE WITH INDIRECT METHODS (2005)

Tests have been conducted at the “Laboratory for testing of civil explosives, detonators, electrical detonators and pyrotechnical materials”, Department for mining and geotechnics of the Faculty of mining, geology and petroleum engineering, University of Zagreb with the purpose of designing a detonator that would unite advantages of a non-electric system and the precision in regulation of time delay in electronic initiation system. Sum of energy released by the wave force in shock tube is a pre-condition for operation of the new detonator, and measurement of wave force is the first step in determining the sum of energy. The sum of energy is measured indirectly, based on two principles: movement sensors and strain.
OPTIMIZATION OF ORTHOPAEDIC DRILLING: A TAGUCHI APPROACH (2014)

Bone drilling is a common procedure to prepare an implant site during orthopaedic surgery. An increase in temperature during such a procedure can result in thermal ostenecrosis which may delay healing or reduce the stability of the fixation. Therefore it is important to minimize the thermal invasion of bone during drilling. The Taguchi method has been applied to investigate the optimal combination of drill diameter, feed rate and spindle speed in dry drilling of Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) for minimizing the temperature produced.
PentaLyte Decreases Lung Injury after Aortic Occlusion–Reperfusion (1998)

Lung injury often occurs after hepatoenteric ischemia, with xanthine oxidase (XO, an oxidant-generating enzyme), released from reperfusing liver and intestines, mediating a significant component of this injury. Since pentastarch administration decreases intestinal reperfusion injury, we determined whether resuscitation with PentaLyte (a pentastarch-containing solution) would decrease hepatoenteric reperfusion injury, xanthine oxidase release, and concomitant lung injury after aortic occlusion- reperfusion. Aortic occlusion was established in rabbits for 40 min, and was followed by 3 h of reperfusion, during which either PentaLyte or lactated Ringer's solution-based resuscitation was administered. Sham-operated animals served as controls. Hepatoenteric reperfusion injury, as manifested by release of the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase and decreased gastric intramucosal pH, was significantly (p < 0.0167) attenuated by PentaLyte administration after aortic occlusion-reperfusion, as compared with its occurrence in animals given lactated Ringer's solution. The release of XO after aortic occlusion-reperfusion was 4-fold smaller after PentaLyte administration than after resuscitation with lactated Ringer's solution (p < 0.05). Pulmonary injury, as defined by an increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein content and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, was 4-fold less after PentaLyte administration following aortic occlusion-reperfusion than after administration of lactated Ringer's solution (p < 0.05). We conclude that remote pulmonary injury is significantly decreased by concomitant PentaLyte-mediated reduction of hepatoenteric reperfusion injury and XO release.
Development and Evaluation of Enhanced IntelliDrive-Enabled Lane Changing Advisory Algorithm to Address Freeway Merge Conflict (2011)

Freeway merge conflicts contribute significantly to freeway congestion. With the capabilities that will be available in an IntelliDrive environment, which enables vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications, new approaches to managing freeway merges are possible. In this paper, an enhanced IntelliDrive enabled lane changing advisory algorithm was developed with a variable gap size concept. This algorithm first calculates anticipated lead–lag gap sizes with the equations of motion prepared for a car and a truck and for three vehicle dynamics (accelerating, maintaining current speed, and decelerating). The algorithm then provides lane changing advisories to freeway main-line vehicles (selected on the basis of the calculated variable gap sizes) to create more space within the ramp merging area. Evaluation conducted with a VISSIM microscopic traffic simulation model of a freeway network in Virginia showed that the proposed algorithm has the potential to address freeway merge conflicts. The maximum operational improvement observed was 6.4% higher average speed in the freeway main line within a merge area. Up to a 5.2% reduction in emissions was achieved. Further analysis conducted in terms of the sensitivity of algorithm performance to driver compliance rates suggested that a very high compliance rate (90% or higher) was necessary for the proposed algorithm to work as intended.
Adaptive processing array systems (1992)

Adaptive array systems have undergone enormous growth and progress in the past two decades. Because this multidiscipline technology area is both complex and mathematics intensive, it often appears alien (and perhaps impractical) to the nonspecialist. To help bridge those gaps, this tutorial paper has been and limited to just three principal topic areas: sidelobe cancellers, fully adaptive arrays, and superresolution techniques. In each case, background material is included for perspective and clarity, and carefully selected references are provided. Recent developments are discussed briefly where appropriate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
MANCINTAP: Time and Space Dependent Neutron Activation Tool Algorithm Improvement and Analysis of a PWR Nozzle Gallery (2012)

International audience
Optimization of Scale Inhibitor Squeeze Procedures in a North Slope Oil Field (1996)

Abstract Downhole scale inhibitor squeeze treatments and monitoring have been performed for several years at the Kuparuk River Field (KRF) as part of an overall scale inhibition program. This paper discusses the evolution of these treatments during the past two years. During this period, the diesel-based preflush used to prepare the reservoir rock for adsorption of the scale inhibitor has been replaced by an aqueous-based preflush. This has resulted in reduced costs by replacing the diesel with water and by reduced equipment and manpower requirements for each treatment. In other testing, it was determined that there was no benefit from the shut-in period, which followed the second overdisplacement of the treatment.
Sustained NFAT Signaling Promotes a Th1-Like Pattern of Gene Expression in Primary Murine CD4+ T Cells (2002)

T cell activation is known to be critically regulated by the extent and duration of TCR-induced signaling pathways. The NFAT family of transcription factors is believed to play an important role in coupling these quantitative differences in TCR-induced signaling events into changes in gene expression. In this study we have specifically investigated the effects of sustained NFAT signaling on T cell activation by introducing a constitutively active mutant version of NFATc1 (caNFATc1) into primary murine CD4(+) T cells and examining its effects on gene expression. We now report that ectopic expression of caNFATc1 partially mimics TCR signaling, resulting in enhanced expression of CD25 and CD40 ligand and down-regulation of CD62L. More importantly, we find that expression of caNFATc1 in T cells maintained under either nonpolarizing or Th1-skewing conditions leads to a marked selective increase in the number of cells expressing the prototypical Th1 cytokine, IFN-gamma. Furthermore, when expressed in Th2-skewed cells, caNFATc1 appears to attenuate Th2 differentiation by decreasing production of IL-4 and promoting the expression of IFN-gamma. Finally, we find that caNFATc1 enhances expression of functional P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, up-regulates Fas ligand expression, and increases susceptibility to activation-induced cell death, cellular traits that are preferentially associated with Th1 effector cells. Taken together, these results suggest that sustained NFAT signaling, mediated by ectopic expression of caNFATc1, acts to promote a Th1-like pattern of gene expression and thereby serves to highlight the important relationship between the degree of NFAT signaling and the qualitative pattern of gene expression induced during T cell activation.
Handwritten word recognition using segmentation-free hidden Markov modeling and segmentation-based dynamic programming techniques (1996)

A lexicon-based, handwritten word recognition system combining segmentation-free and segmentation-based techniques is described. The segmentation-free technique constructs a continuous density hidden Markov model for each lexicon string. The segmentation-based technique uses dynamic programming to match word images and strings. The combination module uses differences in classifier capabilities to achieve significantly better performance.
Demonstration of Loss-Tolerant Quantum Key Distribution (2016)

We report the first demonstration of floodlight quantum key distribution, which thrives on sending many photons per bit to overcome propagation loss. We achieve 52 Mb/s secret-key rate over a channel with 10 dB loss.
Implementation issues for a compact 6 degree of freedom force reflecting handcontroller with cueing of modes (1991)

Teleoperated control requires a master human interface device that can provide haptic input and output which reflect the responses of a slave robotic system. The effort reported in this paper addresses the design and prototyping of a six degree-of-freedom (DOF) Cartesian coordinate hand controller for this purpose. The device design recommended is an XYZ stage attached to a three-roll wrist which positions a flight-type handgrip. Six degrees of freedom are transduced and control brushless DC motor servo electronics similar in design to those used in computer controlled robotic manipulators. This general approach supports scaled force, velocity, and position feedback to aid an operator in achieving telepresence. The generality of the device and control system characteristics allow the use of inverse dynamics robotic control methodology to project slave robot system forces and inertias to the operator (in scaled form) and at the same time to reduce the apparent inertia of the robotic handcontroller itself. The current control design, which is not multiple fault tolerant, can be extended to make flight control or space use possible. The proposed handcontroller will have advantages in space-based applications where an operator must control several robot arms in a simultaneous and coordinated fashion. It will also have applications in intravehicular activities (within the Space Station) such as microgravity experiments in metallurgy and biological experiments that require isolation from the astronauts' environment. For ground applications, the handcontroller will be useful in underwater activities where the generality of the proposed handcontroller becomes an asset for operation of many different manipulator types. Also applications will emerge in the Military, Construction, and Maintenance/Manufacturing areas including ordnance handling, mine removal, NBC (Nuclear, Chemical, Biological) operations, control of vehicles, and operating strength and agility enhanced machines. Future avionics applications including advanced helicopter and aircraft control may also become important.
<title>Surface plasmon resonance imaging instrumentation and data handling for biochips: review and perspectives</title> (2006)

Sensors based on surface plasmon resonance have the potential to provide information on the binding of biological molecules on adequate substrates over typically thousand channels in parallel, without the need for any marker and in real time compared to the scale of biochemical reactions. The need to optimize selectivity and sensitivity has triggered continued research efforts. We review those related with optics and image processing, at the same time identifying some aspects that deserve further investigation before the potential of the technique is fully utilized.
Pepsin-catalyzed hydrolysis of bis-p-nitrophenyl sulfite and its inhibition by diphenyl sulfite at pH 2 (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPepsin-catalyzed hydrolysis of bis-p-nitrophenyl sulfite and its inhibition by diphenyl sulfite at pH 2S. W. May and E. T. KaiserCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 23, 6491–6495Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1969https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01051a055RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (680 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Development of Fatigue Evaluation Method Usign Fluctuation of Finger Plethysmorgram (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Intrusion Detection and Prevention in IP Based Mobile Networks (2008)

Ericsson’s Packet Radio Access Network (PRAN) is a network solution for packet transport in mobile networks, which utilizes the Internet Protocol (IP). The IP protocol offers benefits in responsiveness and performance adaptation to data bursts when compared to Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), which is still often used. There are many manufacturers / operators providing IP services, which reduce costs. The IP’s use on the Internet brings greater end-user knowledge, wider user community and more programs designed for use in IP environments. Because of this, the spectrum of possible attacks against PRAN broadens. This thesis provides information on what protection an Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) can add to the current PRAN solution. A risk analysis is performed to identify assets in and threats against PRAN, and to discover attacks that can be mitigated by the use of an IPS. Information regarding placement of an IPS in the PRAN network is given and tests of a candidate system are performed. IPS features in hardware currently used by Ericsson as well as missing features are pinpointed . Finally, requirements for an IPS intended for use in PRAN are concluded.
Can Atmospheric Neutrons Induce Soft Errors in nand Floating Gate Memories? (2009)

Atmospheric neutrons can interact with the matter inside a microelectronic chip and generate ionizing particles, which in turn can change the state of one or more memory bits [soft error (SE)]. In this letter, we show that SEs are possible in Flash memories, although with extremely low probabilities. While this problem will increase for future technologies, we do not expect SEs to be the reliability limiting factor for further floating gate scaling.
Characterization of Leucaena (Leucaena leucephala) oil by direct analysis in real time (DART) ion source and gas chromatography (2017)

For the first time, we report the characterization of triacylglycerols and fatty acids in Leucaena (Leucaena leucephala) oil [LUCO], an unexplored nontraditional non-medicinal plant belonging to the family Fabaceae. LUCO was converted to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). We analyzed the triacylglycerols (TAGs) of pure LUCO and their FAMEs by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) followed by multivariate analysis for discrimination among the FAMEs. Our investigations for the analysis of LUCO samples represent noble features of glycerides. A new type of ion source, coupled with high-resolution TOF-MS was applied for the comprehensive analysis of triacylglycerols. The composition of fatty acid based LUCO oil was studied using Gas Chromatography (GC-FID). The major fatty acid components of LUCO oil are linoleic acid (52.08%) oleic acid (21.26%), palmitic acid (7.91%) and stearic acid (6.01%). A metal analysis in LUCO was done by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The structural elucidation and thermal stability of LUCO were studied by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques and TGA-DSC, respectively. We also measured the cytotoxicity of LUCO.
Does the Enteral Feeding Advancement Affect Short‐term Outcomes in Very Low Birth Weight Infants? (2009)

Center differences in enteral feeding advancement occur and may have a significant impact on short-term outcomes such as nosocomial sepsis. Large, multicenter, prospective trials are required to further elucidate the optimal feeding strategy for VLBW infants.