gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A method for estimating the integral of the input function for the quantification of cerebral blood flow with 123I-IMP using one-point arterial blood sampling (1998)

We have developed a new method to replace the conventional method of quantitatively measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF), in which octanol-extracted radioactivity counts are measured in continuous arterial blood samples. With the new method, the whole-brain time-activity curves early after the intravenous injection of N-isopropyl-p-[123I]iodoamphetamine were first obtained by the least-squares curve-fitting method. The equation thus obtained was differentiated and the radioactivity counts were corrected by the 5-min octanol-extracted radioactivity counts of the arterial blood sample obtained at a single time point. In the present study, the value obtained by integrating the equation from 0 to 5 min, which was obtained by curve-fitting, was compared with the octanol-extracted radioactivity counts obtained by 5-min continuous arterial blood sampling in 160 patients with cerebrovascular disorders. The results showed good agreement between the values obtained by the two procedures (y = 1.049x - 1522.4; r = 0.987). Using the CBF obtained by the 5-min continuous arterial blood sampling as the standard, the errors using the present integral values of the input function were 7.1 +/- 4.9%. Measurements of the integral of the input function by the present one-point arterial blood sampling method has the potential for use in the routine measurement of CBF, because it is less invasive and more convenient than the conventional method, and it is unaffected by cardiopulmonary disease or smoking.
Ligand photodissociation in Ru(ii)–1,4,7-triazacyclononane complexes enhances water oxidation and enables electrochemical generation of surface active species (2020)

Ligand transformations involved in metal complexes during water oxidation (WO), such as ligand decomposition, partial oxidation, or complete dissociation have been reported, however, ligand photodissociation has not been reported yet.
Single-step multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay for detection and differentiation of the 2009 H1N1 Influenza A virus pandemic in Thai swine populations (2011)

A recently emerged H1N1 Influenza A virus (pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1)) with a Swine influenza virus (SIV) genetic background spread globally from human-to-human causing the first influenza virus pandemic of the 21st century. In a short period, reverse zoonotic cases in pigs followed by a widespread of the virus in the pig population were documented. The implementation of effective control strategies, rapid diagnosis, and differentiation of such virus from endemically circulating SIV in the various swine populations of the world is needed. To address the problem, a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay utilizing a combination of the PB1, H1, and N1 primers that can rapidly and simultaneously subtype and screen for the presence of pH1N1 virus infection in Thai pigs was developed. The assay had 100% specificity and did not amplify genetic material from other subtypes of SIV, seasonal H1N1 human influenza (huH1N1) virus, highly pathogenic influenza H5N1 virus, and other important swine respiratory viral pathogens. The assay was able to both detect and subtype pH1N1 virus as low as 0.1-50% tissue culture infective doses/ml (TCID(50)/ml). The assay was used to screen 175 clinical samples obtained from SIV suspected cases, of which 6 samples were pH1N1 positive and were confirmed through virus isolation and whole genome sequencing. The results of the study suggested that the assay would be useful for the rapid diagnosis of pH1N1 in suspected Thai swineherds, where genetics of the endemically circulating SIV differ from the strains circulating in North American and European herds.
Teaching Judeo-Spanish (Ladino) at Ben-Gurion University (2001)

This article relates experiences I have had in teaching spoken Judeo-Spanish at Ben-Gurion University in the Negev during a four-year period. The course itself was given in Merkaz Eliachar. I describe two courses offered for one semester; the first is for beginners and the second is for advanced students. Both courses attempt to integrate the two sides of language learning: form and content, rules for reading and writing, grammar and syntax, all explained through proverbs, songs, stories, modern poetry, and more. I use language manuals which I myself have written and published, one for beginners and another for advanced students along with vocabulary lists and Judeo-Spanish verb charts. The orthography used in my courses and language manuals is the system of Latin letters developed by the magazine Aki Yerushalayim. Rules for the use of accents have been adopted from norms in contemporary Spanish.
Selection of A UAV orbit to keep multiple targets in the camera field of view (2010)

Unmanned air vehicles (UAV's) are seeing increased use in many applications. One common problem is keeping a target or region in the view of a camera mounted on an UAV. Keeping multiple targets in view compounds the problem. For a fixed wing UAV, this is further complicated by the forward velocity constraints of the system. This paper presents an initial investigation into such to solve this problem with motion planning algorithms. We propose to search through the space of elliptical orbits that to find one that best keeps multiple targets in view. The search is performed using rapidly expanding trees in the space of possible ellipses. The choice of ellipse is predicated on a pair of cost functions based on the mean and variance of the targets' locations in the camera image. Simulations are performed to demonstrate the ability successfully find an ellipse.
Design and Fabrication of PLGA Sandwiched Cell/Fibrin Constructs for Complex Organ Regeneration (2010)

A poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) sandwich fibrinogen/ adipose stem cell (ADSC) construct was fabricated to generate smooth muscle tissue. The mechanical properties and ADSC compatibility of PLGA, poly(ethylene glycol-1,6-hexamethyl diisocyanate-caprolactone) i.e. polyurethane (PU), gelatin, alginate, and fibrin composites were evaluated for vascular smooth muscle tissue generation. Synthetic PLGA and PU combined with natural gelatin, alginate, and fibrin for strength and cell compatibility were found to be effective. A trilayer construct was designed and built with a microporous inner PLGA layer to provide nutrient, oxygen, and metabolite transfer while the outer PLGA layer with no pores prevented leakage during in vitro culture and in vivo implantation. The fibrin layer suitably accommodated ADSC growth, migration, proliferation, and differentiation inside the construct. This design has the potential for wide use in tissue engineering and complex organ construction.
Epigenetic Regulation of Insulin Resistance in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (2010)

Our data suggest that the IR phenotype and the liver transcriptional activity of PPARGC1A show a tight interaction, probably through epigenetic modifications. Decreased liver mtDNA content concomitantly contributes to peripheral IR.
Book Recommendation Service by Improved Association Rule Mining Algorithm (2007)

With the extensive application of database system, a mass-circulation historical data is accumulated in university library. We applied data mining technology for discovering useful knowledge in circulation data analysis. There are some shortcomings in mining association rules via Apriori algorithm. This paper introduces two methods for improving the efficiency of algorithm, such as filtrating basic item set, or ignoring the transaction records that are useless for frequent items generated. In order to meet the requirement of personal book recommendation service, we applied the improved algorithm to mine association rules from circulation records in university library. A service model is introduced, and may be used for offering recommendation information to the readers. The recommendation model can also be used in other fields, for example, bookstore, information retrieval system, network reference database, etc.
Bright High Average Power Table-top Soft X-Ray Lasers (2012)

We have demonstrated the generation of bright soft x-ray laser pulses with record-high average power from compact plasma amplifiers excited by ultrafast solid state lasers. These lasers have numerous applications in nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Integrated photonic/RF 40-Gb/s burst-mode optical clock recovery for asynchronous optical packet switching (2006)

An integrated 40-Gb/s burst-mode optical clock recovery circuit with nanosecond locking time is demonstrated. It has 643-fs RMS jitter. The integrated burst-mode optical clock recovery is also used to detect the envelope of 40-Gb/s RZ payloads with 3-ns rise time.
Effect of Ethanol on Regional Myocardial Blood Flow and Hemodynamics, before and after Coronary Artery Ligation in Dogs (1987)

The effects on regional myocardial blood flows (RMBF) and hemodynamics due to ethanol administered before and after acute coronary artery ligation (CAL) in 18 anesthetized dogs were studied. Ethanol was administered to seven dogs (group I) prior to CAL and to six dogs (group II) after CAL; five dogs (group III, control) received only saline before and after CAL. Uniform blood ethanol levels (180 +/- 30 mg/dl) were maintained in groups I and II after initial ethanol administration. In these groups the heart rate and rate-pressure product (which reflects myocardial oxygen consumption) remained stable, but pulmonary arterial pressures were elevated. Other hemodynamic parameters remained stable in all groups. Ethanol caused a significant transmural increase of RMBF (p less than 0.001) in both groups I and II. In group II the increase was significant in both nonischemic and ischemic tissues, with no apparent redistribution of flow among the myocardial layers. The percentage increase of RMBF due to ethanol was highest in group II nonischemic tissue (95-107%) compared to the corresponding ischemic tissue (57-60%) and the group I myocardial tissue (36-47%) prior to CAL (p less than 0.001). The observed differences between ethanol pre- and posttreatments suggest different interactions between ethanol and catecholamines. The results also confirm that vasodilatory reserve is present in the acutely ischemic myocardium and that the local availability of ethanol is important for coronary vasodilatation.
Hepatic Unsaturated Fatty Acids Are Linked to Lower Degree of Fibrosis in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (2022)

<b>Background:</b> The hepatic lipidome of patients with early stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been fairly well-explored. However, studies on more progressive forms of NAFLD, i.e., liver fibrosis, are limited. <b>Materials and methods:</b> Liver fatty acids were determined in cholesteryl esters (CE), phospholipids (PL), and triacylglycerols (TAG) by gas chromatography. Cross-sectional associations between fatty acids and biopsy-proven NAFLD fibrosis (<i>n</i> = 60) were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models. Stages of fibrosis were dichotomized into none-mild (F0-1) or significant fibrosis (F2-4). Models were adjusted for body-mass index (BMI), age and patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3 rs738409) (I148M) genotype. A secondary analysis examined whether associations from the primary analysis could be confirmed in the corresponding plasma lipid fractions. <b>Results:</b> PL behenic acid (22:0) was directly associated [OR (95% CI): 1.86 (1.00, 3.45)] whereas PL docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) [OR (95% CI): 0.45 (0.23, 0.89)], TAG oleic acid (18:1n-9) [OR (95% CI): 0.52 (0.28, 0.95)] and 18:1n-9 and vaccenic acid (18:1n-7) (18:1) [OR (95% CI): 0.52 (0.28, 0.96)] were inversely associated with liver fibrosis. In plasma, TAG 18:1n-9 [OR (95% CI): 0.55 (0.31, 0.99)], TAG 18:1 [OR (95% CI): 0.54 (0.30, 0.97)] and PL 22:0 [OR (95% CI): 0.46 (0.25, 0.86)] were inversely associated with liver fibrosis. <b>Conclusion:</b> Higher TAG 18:1n-9 levels were linked to lower fibrosis in both liver and plasma, possibly reflecting an altered fatty acid metabolism. Whether PL 22:6n-3 has a protective role, together with a potentially adverse effect of hepatic 22:0, on liver fibrosis warrants large-scale studies.
Pro- versus antitumor effects of bisphosphonate-activated γδ T cells in cancer immunotherapy. (2011)

2569 Background: Emerging clinical evidence suggests that nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid have direct and indirect anticancer effects including immunomodulatory effects via activation of γδ T cells. This phase I/II study evaluated the safety, pharmacodynamics and antitumor activity of zoledronic acid in combination with low-dose interleukin-2 in adults with advanced malignancies. Methods: We examined the effect of adding low-dose interleukin-2 (2 x 106 IU/m2 subcutaneously days 1 to 6) to zoledronic acid (4mg intravenously day 1) in twenty-one patients with different malignancies (renal cell carcinoma=RCC; malignant melanoma=MM and acute myeloid leukemia=AML). Results: A total of 58 treatment cycles of zoledronic acid and low-dose interleukin-2 were administered and the median number of treatment cycles was 2.7 (range 1-6). The regimen was well tolerated, with no grade 3-4 drug-related adverse events except for fever. Two patients with AML (25 %) achieved objective tumor responses (partial remission). No objective responses were observed in both cohorts of solid tumors (RCC and MM), but four patients achieved disease stabilization (SD) during treatment. Pharmacodynamic analyses showed significant in vivo activation (IFN-γ production) and expansion of γδ T cells in all evaluable patients. High pretreatment serum VEGF levels and an unexpected increase of VEGF induced by zoledronic acid plus low-dose interleukin-2 were correlated with lack of clinical response. Conclusions: This phase I/II trial suggests that hematologic malignancies are more susceptible to bisphosphonate-mediated immunological antitumor effects than solid tumors and immunotherapy-induced VEGF was identified as a new biomarker counteracting potential antitumor effects.
Wavelet Networks: An Efficient Tool for Handling Gait Kinematic Data (2020)

When having to deal with kinematic data, most of the biomechanists use the well known Butterworth filter. But this is also the most badly used filtering algorithm, regarding the determination of the cut-off frequency. This paper explains in which way using the wavelet networks (called waveNets) is a better method to smooth kinematic data. Unlike recursive digital filters, such as Butterworth filter, wich start from a vector of values, and give another filtered one, the wavenets give an analytic expression of the data. This allows easier further computations, such as velocity, acceleration and closed-curve area.
Mode I Interlaminar Fracture Toughness in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Laminate. (1995)

Delamination fracture toughness and fracture mechanism in carbon fiber reinforced Nylon laminates have been investigated. The mode I interlaminar fracture toughness tests are carried out on double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens made from four kinds of angle-ply laminates. These laminates exhibit the unstable "stick-slip" behavior on the crack propagation. In order to obtain the continuous GI-R curve describing the stick-slip behavior, one modification is made to Kageyama's modified compliance method. From the continuous GI-R curves, it is found that the stable delamination is characterized by a flat region of GIstable ≈ 1200 J/m2 for all lay-ups except for a 60°//-60°specimen which shows the rising GI-R curve to final failure. The interlaminar fracture toughness of these composite laminates is considerably higher than that of carbon/epoxy laminates. Based on the continuous GI-R curves and the observation of the fracture surfaces, a mechanism is proposed in which the unstable stick-slip behavior is explained by the development of the large-scale bridging of the fiber bundle or layer and its breakage.
NPEST: a nonparametric method and a database for transcription start site prediction (2013)

In this paper we present NPEST, a novel tool for the analysis of expressed sequence tags (EST) distributions and transcription start site (TSS) prediction. This method estimates an unknown probability distribution of ESTs using a maximum likelihood (ML) approach, which is then used to predict positions of TSS. Accurate identification of TSS is an important genomics task, since the position of regulatory elements with respect to the TSS can have large effects on gene regulation, and performance of promoter motif-finding methods depends on correct identification of TSSs. Our probabilistic approach expands recognition capabilities to multiple TSS per locus that may be a useful tool to enhance the understanding of alternative splicing mechanisms. This paper presents analysis of simulated data as well as statistical analysis of promoter regions of a model dicot plant <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. Using our statistical tool we analyzed 16520 loci and developed a database of TSS, which is now publicly available at www.glacombio.net/NPEST.
Insights into the Analysis of Phenolic Secoiridoids in Extra Virgin Olive Oil (2018)

Extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) containing more than 5 mg/20 g tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, and their secoiridoids can be recognized by health claims related to the protection of blood lipids from oxidative stress. Therefore, a reliable, accurate, and standardized analytical procedure is needed to determine these markers of EVOO quality. In order to overcome the limitations of current methods, a detailed investigation of sample preparation and chromatographic conditions was performed by UHPLC-UV-HRMS. The use of a C18 fused-core column and nonacidified gradient elution provided single, sharp peaks for oleocanthal and oleacein, allowing their reliable quantitation in UV profiles. Positive- and negative-UHPLC-HRMS/MS characterization of methanolic extracts revealed the presence of dimethyl acetal, methyl hemiacetal, and monohydrate derivatives of all secoiridoids. These artifacts were formed in aqueous methanol, which is usually employed to extract and analyze EVOO phenols, making the HPLC profiles more complex and the measurements less accurate and reproducible. Acetonitrile proved to be a suitable solvent to avoid the formation of secoiridoid dimethyl acetals and methyl hemiacetals and to efficiently extract EVOO bioactive phenols. Finally, the phenolic contents of Italian EVOO samples were determined by UHPLC-UV analysis of acetonitrile extracts before (direct method) and after acid hydrolysis (indirect method). The results indicated that the use of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol as reference standards allowed more accurate quantitative data to be obtained. Direct and indirect methods provided comparable levels of EVOO phenols, highlighting the usefulness of acid hydrolysis in routine analyses. The improved procedure defines the most reliable conditions to provide an analytical method with suitable accuracy and repeatability in the analysis of healthy and functional EVOO phenols.
Determination of protein-protein interactions by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (1998)

A number of different procedures have been developed for use with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI/MS) for the analysis of non-covalent protein-protein complexes. These include use of specific matrix and laser combinations, accumulation of "first shot" spectra, modification of pH and solvent conditions during sample preparation and use of cross-linking agents to attach the monomers covalently to each other in the complex. The results have shown the techniques to be effective with some but not all complexes, although cross-linking is the most successful. The physical and chemical nature of the complex is critical and therefore a diversity of approaches is recommended for such studies.
3D animated visualization of EM diffusion for a frequency-domain helicopter EM system (2006)

Abstract The electromagnetic fields inside the earth are calculated by continuation downward of the electromagnetic (EM) solutions at the location of a frequency-domain helicopter electromagnetic (HEM) sensor. Models examined using the continuation approach include a layered isotropic and anisotropic earth. The finite-element approach is used to model 2D structures of a dipping contact or a dipping dike. By incorporating a time factor, we display the EM diffusion in the earth (change in direction and amplitude of the EM field through time) as 3D animated vectors or contours. The propagation of the EM smoke ring, influenced by the resistivity and structure of the earth, is apparent from the dynamic presentations. The current propagates downward and outward with time, becoming wider and more diffuse, and the phase varies with time, depth, and outward distance. The downward propagation of EM fields is slower in more conductive geology. In a layered isotropic earth, the current ring is symmetric with no vertical current flow for both vertical and horizontal dipole transmitters. In anisotropic or 2D structures; however, the current flow is significantly distorted resulting in vertical current flow and nonsymmetric smoke rings.
Design, Development and Testing of High Speed Tapered Roller Bearings for Turbine Engines. (1975)

The object of this program was to investigate the feasibility of tapered roller bearings to operate under future gas turbine engine requirements of speed and load. A speed of 3,500,000 DN (107.95 mm bore X 32,422 rpm) and 5000 pounds thrust load were set as goals. The analytical work involved defining various bearing parameters that would influence the design and performance under high speed operation. A total of thirty bearings were designed and fabricated for the testing portion of the program.
Demonstrating Thermal Flux: Using Mixed Reality to Extend Human Sight by Thermal Vision (2020)

Human vision underlies several constraints in its spatial, temporal and spectral resolution. One limitation is the visual sensation of temperatures, which can be a useful addition for human sight in education or work scenarios. This demo presents how mixed reality applications can virtually superimpose objects’ thermal properties with the physical world into a coherent environment. We present a prototype that utilizes either a smartphone or a head-mounted display to mediate thermal flux. We show the feasibility of our prototype in the context of a physics lab experiment that fosters the understanding of heat conduction for different materials. We envision thermal vision as an addition to the human sight that can be accomplished with already available technologies. Finally, we discuss how our prototype can be designed as a context-aware in-situ interface that toggles between regular and thermal vision.