gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Harmful Algal Blooms: A Prolific Issue in Urban Stormwater Ponds (2023)

Nutrient-driven cyanobacteria blooms are an increasingly common issue in freshwater environments, particularly in anthropogenically altered landscapes. As stormwater runoff is one of the largest sources of nutrients for freshwater bodies, stormwater retention ponds in urban and suburban areas are likely environments for harmful cyanobacteria blooms and were thus targeted for an in-depth investigation assessing taxonomic composition, bloom morphological composition, toxicity, and impact of nutrients and other environmental drivers. Eighty-seven algal blooms were sampled from 2019 to 2022 in the greater Wilmington, North Carolina, area. Physicochemical parameters were recorded, and blooms were classified by type (defined as surface mat, surface scum, water column distribution, or benthic mat) and dominant taxa. Blooms of potentially toxic cyanobacteria genera in the water column of stormwater retention ponds were most prevalent. Dissolved inorganic phosphorus was significantly related to chlorophyll-α, Microcystis bloom formation, and the production of microcystin. Seventeen potentially toxic cyanobacteria genera were identified in retention ponds, some of whose blooms demonstrated detectable microcystin. Monoclonal cultures isolated from some blooms were found to produce anabaenopeptin and saxitoxin. The results demonstrate a higher incidence of potentially toxic cyanobacteria over other bloom-forming taxa (chlorophytes, euglenoids, chrysophytes, dinoflagellates, and diatoms) in the 39 water bodies sampled. The frequency of blooms occurring in stormwater ponds and the diversity of potentially toxic cyanobacteria identified suggest such harmful blooms are likely widespread in similar freshwater environments across multiple urbanizing areas. The blooms sampled in this study were all within residential, commercial, or recreational areas easily accessible to people, presenting serious hazards to both environmental and public health.
Evolution of a radio communication relay system (2013)

Providing long-distance non-line-of-sight control for unmanned ground robots has long been recognized as a problem, considering the nature of the required high-bandwidth radio links. In the early 2000s, the DARPA Mobile Autonomous Robot Software (MARS) program funded the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center (SSC) Pacific to demonstrate a capability for autonomous mobile communication relaying on a number of Pioneer laboratory robots. This effort also resulted in the development of ad hoc networking radios and software that were later leveraged in the development of a more practical and logistically simpler system, the Automatically Deployed Communication Relays (ADCR). Funded by the Joint Ground Robotics Enterprise and internally by SSC Pacific, several generations of ADCR systems introduced increasingly more capable hardware and software for automatic maintenance of communication links through deployment of static relay nodes from mobile robots. This capability was finally tapped in 2010 to fulfill an urgent need from theater. 243 kits of ruggedized, robot-deployable communication relays were produced and sent to Afghanistan to extend the range of EOD and tactical ground robots in 2012. This paper provides a summary of the evolution of the radio relay technology at SSC Pacific, and then focuses on the latest two stages, the Manually-Deployed Communication Relays and the latest effort to automate the deployment of these ruggedized and fielded relay nodes.
Calibration of cell-intrinsic interleukin-2 response thresholds guides design of a regulatory T cell biased agonist (2021)

Interleukin-2 is a pleiotropic cytokine that mediates both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions. Immune cells naturally differ in their sensitivity to IL-2 due to cell type and activation state-dependent expression of receptors and signaling pathway components. To probe differences in IL-2 signaling across cell types, we used structure-based design to create and profile a series of IL-2 variants with the capacity to titrate maximum signal strength in fine increments. One of these partial agonists, IL-2-REH, specifically expanded Foxp3+ regulatory T cells with reduced activity on CD8+ T cells due to cell type-intrinsic differences in IL-2 signaling. IL-2-REH elicited cell type-dependent differences in gene expression and provided mixed therapeutic results: showing benefit in the in vivo mouse dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of colitis, but no therapeutic efficacy in a transfer colitis model. Our findings show that cytokine partial agonists can be used to calibrate intrinsic differences in response thresholds across responding cell types to narrow pleiotropic actions, which may be generalizable to other cytokine and growth factor systems.
Data center design using improved CFD modeling and cost reduction analysis (2011)

This paper will describe two recent advances in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling as it pertains to data center design. In particular, the paper will define the use of the Capture Index (CI) in data center analysis, and will discuss the importance of accurately modeling coolers. Secondly, the article will describe Mentor Graphics' own $30M data center project currently in development. Two new centralized data centers will consolidate the resources of more than 20 local data centers in Europe and North America. One will be built in Shannon, Ireland, and another in Wilsonville, Oregon. By consolidating data centers, Mentor will see gains in capacity, efficiency, and redundancy while reducing operational costs.
Low Energy Socially Cognizant Routing for Delay Tolerant Mobile Networks (2013)

Many message delivery services are based on publish-subscribe systems designed to distribute updates through centralized infrastructures requiring active Internet connections. For mobile devices, individual nodes should have the ability to propagate messages to interested users over ad-hoc wireless connections thereby removing the dependence on Internet and centralized servers. These nodes are sometimes stationary, but are often mobile, creating intermittent networks of nodes that tend to be socially related. In this paper, we propose LESC, a delay-tolerant message delivery protocol, which facilitates efficient message dissemination in a decentralized, ad-hoc fashion and can be implemented using a commodity mobile communication technology such as Bluetooth LE. By leveraging the frequent collocation of socially related peers, nodes strategically become information carriers with the ability to propagate messages to out of range nodes in the future. We design a discrete event simulator that utilizes actual traveling paths derived from Google Maps. The simulator emulates LESC and the epidemic routing protocol to determine if we can achieve reasonable performance. Related works have approached the problem of publish-subscribe systems on mobile devices, but to the best of our knowledge, have not shown the feasibility of a protocol that can directly be implemented over current commodity wireless technologies. We simulate the protocol in Matlab and allow nodes to have multiple publications and subscriptions simultaneously.
Splicing mutations in DMD/BMD detected by RT-PCR/PTT: detection of a 19AA insertion in the cysteine rich domain of dystrophin compatible with BMD. (1996)

We have used an RNA based mutation detection method to screen the total coding region of the dystrophin gene of a Duchenne and a Becker muscular dystrophy patient in whom DNA based mutation detection methods have so far failed to detect mutations. By RT-PCR and the protein truncation test (PTT) we could identify point mutations in both cases. DMD patient DL184.3 has a T-->A mutation in intron 59 at position -9, creating a novel splice acceptor site for exon 60. As a result seven intronic bases are spliced into the mRNA, causing a frameshift and premature translation termination 20 codons downstream. Since this patient had died and only fibroblasts were available, we applied MyoD induced myodifferentiation of stored fibroblasts to enhance muscle specific gene expression. With the results of this mutation analysis, prenatal diagnosis could subsequently be performed in this family. BMD patient BL207.1 carries a G-->C mutation at position +5 of intron 64, disrupting the splice donor consensus sequence and activating a cryptic splice donor site 57bp downstream. The inclusion of these 57 intronic bases in the mRNA leaves the reading frame open and results in the insertion of 19 amino acids into the cysteine rich domain of dystrophin. Interestingly, this insertion in a part of the dystrophin considered to interact with the dystrophin binding complex of the sarcolemma is apparently compatible with mild BMD-like clinical features. Both mutations reported are missed by analysis of multiplex PCR products designed for deletion screening of the coding region. Extrapolation from existing point mutation detection efficiencies by DNA and RNA based methods emphasises that RNA based methods are more sensitive and that most of the remaining undetected mutations may affect splice or branch sites or create cryptic splice sites.
Quinine plus clindamycin improves chemotherapy of severe malaria in children (1995)

In a randomized trial, a 4-day quinine-clindamycin regimen was compared with the standard 7-day quinine regimen for 100 Gabonese children (50 children in each group) with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. In each group, only one patient died. Parasite clearance and fever clearance times were significantly shorter in the quinine-clindamycin group (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively) than in the quinine group, and significantly more recurring fever episodes occurred in the quinine group than in the quinine-clindamycin group shortly after initial fever clearance and parasite clearance (P < 0.001).
Th17 cytokines in non‐melanoma skin cancer (2015)

T-helper-type 17 cytokines have been implicated in epithelial cancer progression at mucosal sites. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Nardinocchi et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2015. 45: 922-931] show that the Th17 cytokines IL-17 and IL-22 can both signal to nonmelanoma skin cancer cells, inducing both cellular proliferation and enhanced migration of human basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cell lines in vitro. These cytokines were also shown to exacerbate tumor growth in mice injected with the squamous cell carcinoma line, CAL27. Thus, IL-17 and IL-22 may be key factors in skin cancer progression and may provide novel prognostic markers in nonmelanoma skin cancer.
Quasi-Static Trajectory Tracking Control Considering Vibration Suppression of Flexible-Macro/Rigid-micro Manipulators. (2001)

We propose a quasi-static trajectory tracking control method for the general flexible manipulators which have a flexible-macro/rigid-micro structure. We derive the quasi-static control schemes without considering the dynamics of the manipulator. The purposes of these schemes are position error compensation and vibration suppression for both macro and micro part. We consider the combination of the error compensation control and the vibration suppression control for the macro part and the error compensation control for the micro part and consider the combination of the error compensation control and the vibration suppression control for the macro part and the active mass damper for the micro part. The former combination is called the trajectory tracking mode and the latter is called the vibration suppression mode. These two proposed modes are easy to implement. It is shown by experiments that the trajectory tracking mode realizes the high performance of the trajectory tracking, the vibration suppression mode realizes the high performance of the vibration suppressing, and the switching of these two control modes is effective.
Changes in protein profile of susceptible and resistant sugar pine foliage infected with the white pine blister rust fungusCronartium ribicola (1993)

(1993). Changes in protein profile of susceptible and resistant sugar pine foliage infected with the white pine blister rust fungus Cronartium ribicola. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology: Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 259-264.
The effects of adriamycin on normal and ouabain-toxic canine Purkinje and ventricular muscle fibers. (1983)

In the "Na+ lag hypothesis" of cardiac glycoside action, [Ca++]i increases through sodium-calcium exchange following block of the sodium-calcium ATPase. This accumulation of [Ca++]i has been suggested to be responsible for digitalis-induced delayed after depolarizations and arrhythmias. We used standard microelectrode techniques to study the effects of adriamycin, 10-200 microM, on the canine Purkinje fiber transmembrane potential. Adriamycin, 10 and 50 microM, had no effect on the action potential other than inducing a 28% increase in duration at 50 microM (p less than 0.01). Adriamycin, 100 and 200 microM, further prolonged action potential duration and decreased amplitude and Vmax. We then studied the effects of adriamycin, 50 microM (a concentration that purportedly blocks sodium-calcium exchange), on ouabain-induced delayed afterdepolarizations and aftercontractions in Purkinje fiber and ventricular muscle. After initially increasing delayed afterdepolarization amplitude in five of nine Purkinje fibers, adriamycin reversibly reduced their amplitude in all nine, by 78%, at a drive cycle length of 500 msec (P less than 0.01). Adriamycin, 50 microM, had no effect on calcium ion-induced slow response action potentials, suggesting this concentration does not significantly reduce the slow inward current. In ventricular muscle, adriamycin, 50 microM, did not significantly reduce contraction but did depress aftercontractions (P less than 0.025). In sum: in concentrations that have no effect on the AP other than prolonging duration, adriamycin, 50 microM, reversibly depresses ouabain-induced delayed afterdepolarizations and aftercontractions; however, adriamycin, 50 microM, does not depress calcium ion-dependent action potentials. Although the action of adriamycin on delayed afterdepolarizations and aftercontractions is consistent with direct inhibition of the transient inward current and/or an indirect reduction via reduced activity of sodium-calcium exchange, whether either or both of these mechanisms is involved must be defined by further experimentation.
A new surgical concept for aortic valve preserving procedures (2005)

Background: Aortic root preserving techniques using Dacron grafts are performed in the reimplantation and remodeling technique. Both procedures have been shown to restrict aortic root distensibility to different extents. The aim of this study was to evaluate a new aortic root reconstruction technique in-vitro.
18F-fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine positron emission tomography for the differential diagnosis of tumefactive multiple sclerosis versus glioma: A case report (2016)

Large demyelinating inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) lesions may present with contrast enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging and may mimic CNS tumors such as glioma. In ambiguous cases, new diagnostic tools that may be helpful for distinguishing between demyelinating inflammatory and neoplastic CNS lesions are required. The current study presents the case of a patient with a large contrast-enhanced frontal brain lesion, who was initially diagnosed with tumefactive multiple sclerosis. Following the progression of the brain lesion, an <sup>18</sup>F-fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine positron emission tomography (<sup>18</sup>F-FET PET) was performed, revealing markedly elevated static <sup>18</sup>F-FET uptake parameters along with time activity-curves consistent with glioma. Subsequently, a biopsy was undertaken, which confirmed the presence of anaplastic oligoastrocytoma. This case illustrates that <sup>18</sup>F-FET PET may provide useful diagnostic information in cases where distinction between neoplastic and demyelinating inflammatory CNS lesions is challenging. However, further systematic and prospective analyses are warranted to explore the value of this method in this setting.
Use of Polyelectrolyte Layer-by-Layer Assemblies as Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membranes (2003)

Measurements of ion transport and water flux across ultrathin multilayered membranes of polyelectrolytes were carried out under nanofiltration and reverse osmosis conditions. The polyelectrolyte membranes were prepared upon alternating electrostatic layer-by-layer adsorption of polyvinylamine (PVA) and polyvinyl sulfate (PVS) on porous supports. The pressure-driven transport of aqueous electrolyte solutions containing NaCl, Na2SO4, MgCl2, and MgSO4 in 1 and 10 mM concentration was investigated. For MgCl2 and MgSO4, a complete rejection was observed independently from the concentration of the feed solution and the pressure applied. For NaCl and Na2SO4, the rejections were 84 and 96% at 5 bar, and 93.5 and 98.5% at 40 bar, respectively. The hydraulic permeability of the composite membrane was 113.7 mL/(m2 h bar). It was only little affected by the presence of salt. At low and moderate pressure the membranes are suitable for water softening applications, while at pressures of 40 bar or higher they can be used for water desalination. Effects of the stirring of the feed solution on the membrane characteristics are also discussed.
<title>IC-compatible fabrication of through-wafer conductive vias</title> (1997)

A novel process for the fabrication of high aspect-ratio high density through-wafer conductive vias is presented. This IC compatible post-processing technology is based on the use of silicon fast anisotropic plasma etching. It overcomes the inherent size or process limitations of previously known methods based on anisotropic chemical etching or laser drilling. The simple process (4 photolithographic steps) includes: (1) Realization of through-wafer holes by fast silicon etching in a low temperature inductively coupled plasma. (2) Insulation of the through-hole walls by room temperature chemical vapor deposition of an organic polymer. (3) Metallization of the through-hole walls by sputtering and evaporation. (4) Insulator dry etching and metal wet etching with a dry film photoresist mask that provides the necessary tenting capability over the through-holes. The process feasibility has been successfully demonstrated with a test design integrated on 100 mm 380 micrometer thick silicon wafers. The through-wafer vias, with a pitch of 350 micrometer and an average density of 100 (DOT) cm<SUP>-2</SUP>, have an electrical resistance of 2 (Omega) and a parasitic capacitance lower than 1 pF.
Multiplication ofCorymbia ptychocarpasubsp.aptychavia tissue culture (2015)

Corymbia ptychocarpa subsp. aptycha, a member of Myrtaceae, is native to north-western Australia. It was introduced to China for ornamental landscape applications because of its unique leaves and beautiful terminal inflorescences. An efficient micropropagation protocol is needed for the mass propagation of Corymbia ptychocarpa subsp. aptycha. Disinfested shoot tips with one axillary bud (1.0–1.5 cm) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). After culture for 30 days, the highest induction rate (93.3%) was observed on MS medium plus 0.5 mg L–1 6-BA and 0.1 mg L–1 NAA. The induced shoots were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 6-BA and NAA. A total of 5.2 shoots per explant were induced on MS medium plus 1.5 mg L–1 6-BA and 0.2 mg L–1 NAA. Shoots (<2.0 cm) were subcultured on half-strength MS medium containing indole-3-butytric acid (IBA) or NAA to form roots. The highest rooting rate (96.3%) was observed on the half-strength MS medium with 1.5 mg L–1 IBA. The rooted plantlets developed well and were suitable for transplanting.
Electrical-prospecting method for hydrocarbon search using the induced-polarization effect (2006)

Abstract We propose a method of surface and marine electrical prospecting using controlled-source excitation. The method is designed to detect hydrocarbon deposits at depths of a few kilometers and to map their boundaries. The technique is based on imaging the induced-polarization (IP) parameters of the geologic formation. We use the fact that, because of the imaginary part of the electric conductivity, polarized media support wave propagation processes whose nature is similar to displacement currents induced by the dielectric permittivity. However, unlike displacement currents, these processes reveal themselves at much lower frequencies and, therefore, at greater depths. It is established that the ratio of the second and the first differences of the electric potential does not decay after the current turn-off in polarized media, whereas it decays quickly if the IP effect is absent. Thus, the IP response can be observed directly and separated from the electromagnetic (EM) response. We use a vertical focusing of the electric current to decrease the effect of laterally adjacent formations to apply a 1D layered model in a 3D environment. This method obtained promising results in several regions of Russia.
The Effect of Music Therapy Exposure and Observation Condition on Analytical Clinical Skills and Self-Confidence Levels in Pre-Intern Music Therapy Students (2010)

This study examined the effects of previous music therapy clinical exposure and video versus live clinical observations on music therapy students' analytical skills and perceptions of self-confidence. Pre-intern students ( N = 38) were divided based on previous exposure to music therapy sessions (low vs. high). Subjects viewed live and videotaped music therapy sessions, completed clinical analysis forms after each and self-reported confidence pre, post video and post live observations. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA showed significantly greater analytical skills with increased exposure. Additionally, a MANOVA analyzing the effects of previous exposure and observation format order on self-confidence indicated a significant interaction for group and observation format order. Specifically, self-confidence was significantly lower for those with less previous exposure, especially when exposed to live observations first. Based on the results from this study, it appears that the type of observation format did not affect analysis skills but did impact confidence levels.