gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Pressure-Sensitive Paint to Rotorcraft (1998)

In this presentation, plan to develop methods for applying pressure-sensitive paint to rotorcraft will be described. These methods are needed because flows over rotor blades are typically very complex and poorly understood and because conventional methods for measuring unsteady pressures on rotor blades (using unsteady pressure transducers provide grossly inadequate spatial resolution. Since PSP is surface, rather than point, measurement technique, it has the potential to significantly increase the spatial resolution )f pressure measurements on rotor blades. PSP techniques currently use at Ames were developed for measuring steady pressures on rigid, complex airplane configurations large, production wind tunnels. Applying PSP to rotorcraft requires significant departure from these techniques. First and most importantly new, fast-responding and self-referencing pressure paints are required. The paints must be fast (98% response 1-5 msec) to resolve flow unsteadiness; they must be self-referencing (or binary) to account for changes incident light intensity due to deflection of flexible rotors. Self-referencing paints have been used at Ames for some time; however, these paints have response times that are far too long for unsteady applications. Flash illumination is required to resolve flow unsteadiness and to minimize image blurring due to relative motion between the model and the camera. Current practice at Ames is to use continuous illumination Finally, in situ paint calibration versus measurements by pressure transducers, which is current Ames practice, is not practical because of the difficulty and expense of installing transducers rotor blades. Instead, the paint must be calibrated a priori calibration chamber. A sequence of five experiments that systematically isolates and addresses the problems involved making PSP measurements on rotor blades has been planned. These are: (1) measurements on rigid rotor hover; (2) measurements on flexible rotor hover; measurements of paint response time calibration apparatus; (4) measurements on rigid, two-dimensional oscillating airfoil; and (5) measurements on flexible rotor forward flight. Experiments were recently conducted at Ames where PSP measurements were made on rigid oscillating airfoil (experiment type 4) and on flexible rotor hover (experiment type 2). Preliminary results from these experiments will be discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF PHENANTHRENES WITH NITROGEN DIOXIDE IN UV LIGHT (1982)

Abstract Nach dem Bestrahlen einer Lösung von Phenanthren (I) in CCl 4 in Gegenwart von N02 mit langwelligem UV‐Licht werden die Produkte (II)‐(VII) isoliert.
A Tool for Working with Web Ontologies (2011)

The task of building an open and scalable ontology browsing and editing tool based on OWL, the first standardized Web-oriented ontology language, requires the rethinking of critical user interface and ontological engineering issues. In this article, we describe Swoop, a browser and editor specifically tailored to OWL ontologies. Taking a “Web view” of things has proven quite instructive, and we discuss some insights into Web ontologies that we gained through our experience with Swoop, including issues related to the display, navigation, editing, and collaborative annotation of OWL ontological data.
New and Advanced Picosecond Lasers for Tattoo Removal (2017)

Early methods of tattoo removal ultimately resulted in unacceptable cosmetic outcomes. While the introduction of laser technology was an improvement over the existing chemical, mechanical, and surgical procedures, the use of nonselective tattoo removal with carbon dioxide and argon lasers led to scarring. Q-switched lasers with nanosecond (10-9) pulse domains were considered to have revolutionized tattoo treatment, by selectively heating the tattoo particles, while reducing the adverse sequelae to adjacent normal skin. Theoretical considerations of restricting pulse duration, to heat tattoo particles to higher temperatures, proposed the use of sub-nanosecond pulses to target particles with thermal relaxation times lower than the nanosecond pulses in Q-switched lasers. Initial studies demonstrated that picosecond (10-12) pulses were more effective than nanosecond pulses in clearing black tattoos. Advances in picosecond technology led to the development of commercially available lasers, incorporating several different wavelengths, to further refine pigment targeting.
Use of accelerometer for precision motion control of linear motor driven positioning system (2002)

This paper investigates the advantages of using an accelerometer for precision motion control. The accelerometer output provides an independent measurement of the motion, and may serve as a more accurate source of disturbance information than the position encoder. This additional measurement is advantageous during modeling and system identification as well as during real time control. A novel controller structure for minimal-time point-to-point control using the accelerometer is proposed. Experimental verifications are performed using the NSK linear motor testbed.
Edge And Line Detection in Multidimensional Noisy Imagery Data (1983)

Detection of edges and lines in multidimensional data is an important operation in a number of image processing applications. The multidimensional picture function is a sampling of the underlying reflectance function of the objects in the scene with the noise added to the true function values. Edges and lines refer to places in the image where there are jumps in the values of the function or its derivatives. The multidimensional greytone surface is expanded as a weighted sum of basis functions. Using multidimensional orthogonal polynomial basis functions, expressions are developed for the coefficients of the fitted quadrautic and cubic surfaces. The parameters of the fitted surfaces are obtained when there is a rotation in the coordinate system. Assuming the noise is Gaussian, statistical tests are devised for the detection of significant edges and lines. Direction isotropic properties of the fitted surfaces are described. For computational efficiency, recursive relations are obtained between the parameters of the fitted surfaces of successive neighborhoods. Furthermore, experimental results are presented by applying the developed theory to multiband Landsat-Imagery Data.
Tumor-associated myeloid cells provide critical support for T-ALL in vivo (2020)

Abstract T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a malignancy of immature T cells. Despite harboring multiple genetic alterations that drive disease, primary T-ALL cells require exogenous signals to survive. We previously reported that tumor-associated myeloid cells support survival of primary mouse T-ALL cells in vitro. However, the contribution of myeloid cells to T-ALL progression in vivo remains unclear. Here, we depleted phagocytic myeloid cells from leukemic mice, resulting in a significant reduction in tumor burden in multiple organs and prolonged survival. T-ALL burden also diminished following myeloid depletion in lymphodeficient mice, indicating that adaptive immunity was not required to eliminate T-ALL cells, thus suggesting tumor-associated myeloid cells could directly support T-ALL growth. Consistent with this possibility, multiple subsets of tumor-associated myeloid cells support survival of mouse and primary patient T-ALL cells in vitro. Acute myeloid depletion reduced activation of several pathways regulating cell survival in T-ALL cells, implicating these pathways in promoting T-ALL progression in vivo. Computational analysis of published datasets shows an association between enriched macrophage gene signatures and poor prognosis in T-ALL patients, further implicating a pro-tumor role for myeloid cells. Together, our results indicate that an altered myeloid compartment directly promotes T-ALL progression at divergent T-ALL sites in vivo.
Cut-and-Paste DNA Insertion with Engineered Type V-K CRISPR-associated Transposases (2022)

Abstract CRISPR-associated transposases (CASTs) enable recombination-independent, multi-kilobase DNA insertions at RNA-programmed genomic locations. Type V-K CASTs offer distinct technological advantages over type I CASTs given their smaller coding size, fewer components, and unidirectional insertions. However, the utility of type V-K CASTs is hindered by a replicative transposition mechanism that results in a mixture of desired simple cargo insertions and undesired plasmid co-integrate products. Here, we overcome this limitation by engineering new CASTs with dramatically improved product purity. To do so, we compensate for the absence of the TnsA subunit in multiple type V-K CASTs by engineering a Homing Endonuclease-assisted Large-sequence Integrating CAST compleX, or HELIX system. HELIX utilizes a nicking homing endonuclease (nHE) fused to TnsB to restore the 5 “ nicking capability needed for dual-nicking of the DNA donor. By leveraging distinct features of both type V-K and type I systems, HELIX enables cut-and-paste DNA insertion with up to 99.3% simple insertion product purity, while retaining robust integration efficiencies on genomic targets. Furthermore, we demonstrate the versatility of this approach by generating HELIX systems for other CAST orthologs. We also establish the feasibility of creating a minimal, 3-component HELIX, simplifying the number of proteins that must be expressed. Together, HELIX streamlines and improves the application of CRISPR-based transposition technologies, eliminating barriers for efficient and specific RNA-guided DNA insertions.
Recent Results in Retinal Transplantation Give Hope for Restoring Vision (2007)

Transplanting sheets of fetal retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) together with its neuronal retina offers potential as a viable technique to prevent blindness and restore vision. This chapter presents results of the first promising FDA-approved clinical trial with a limited number of patients, bringing cautious optimism to the evaluation of the results. The basic research with several rodent degeneration models shows that transplants restore visually evoked responses in the brain, in an area of the superior colliculus corresponding to the placement of the transplant in the retina. Retinal transplants can preserve vision in an optokinetic acuity test. The mechanism of functional restoration is still unclear, but research results indicate that likely both synaptic connectivity between transplant and host and rescue of host photoreceptors are involved. The conclusion can be drawn that cotransplants of RPE together with retinal sheets have a beneficial functional effect in several animal retinal degeneration models as well as in patients in the recent clinical trial.
Formation of a novel bio-based elastomer from polybutadiene and epoxidized soybean oil via post-living anionic polymerization (2013)

The aim of this research was to develop a novel bio-based elastomer, chain-end functionalized polybutadiene (PBD), from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), to be used as a processing aid for commercial PBD. This material was successfully synthesized in this study via post-living anionic polymerization of poly(butadienyl)lithium and ESO. The gel permeation chromatography revealed that the products had a mixture of molecular weights, comprising roughly three, two, and one times higher than that of the pure PBD. The majority of the molecules in the product had a two-fold higher molecular weight at the peak value ( M p ) than the original PBD chain. The result obtained from the reaction of PBD anions with epoxidized methyl oleate indicated that the ester group showed the higher reactivity toward the PBD anion than the epoxide group. Therefore, the formation of bio-based elastomer from the PBD anions and ESO occurred via the nucleophilic substitution of PBD anion with the carbon atom of the ester group with the loss of the leaving group, the alkoxide, and then followed by nucleophilic addition of another PBD anion to the newly formed ketone, yielding an alcoholate anion. The alcoholate anion was then terminated by hydrogen abstraction from methanol, leading to the formation of chain-end epoxidized fatty acid ester functionalized PBD. The ring opening of the epoxide group of the ESO also took place simultaneously, yielding the product with the three-fold higher M p than the original PBD. However, the ring opening of epoxide group was decreased when the size of the PBD anion and the amount of the ESO in the reaction were increased.
Family aggregation of carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus: Special reference to multiplicity of cancer in upper aerodigestive tract (1998)

The role of family history in the multiple occurrence of cancer in the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) remains unclear. The family histories of close relatives were examined in 167 patients with either hypopharyngeal or cervical esophageal cancer (PhCe cancer) and in 167 control subjects with benign diseases. The odds ratio for PhCe cancer was 2.6 in relation to family history of UADT cancers. Based on the family histories of close relatives, 167 cases with PhCe cancer were divided into 3 groups (Group I, 18 cases with a family history of UADT cancer; Group II, 37 cases with a family history of other cancers; Group III, 112 cases with no family history of any cancers). The mean age of the cases in group I was 59.4, which was younger than in group III (64.2). Second primary squamous-cell carcinomas in the UADT were more frequently recognized in group I (39%) than in group III (11%). However, no differences were observed in the smoking and drinking habits of male patients between each group. These results thus suggest that a family history of UADT cancers appears to be associated with the multiple occurrence of UADT cancers as well as the development of PhCe cancer.
P1‐197: SKELETAL MUSCLE MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION IN COGNITIVELY HEALTHY ELDERLY AND MCI SUBJECTS (2019)

Over 60% of Americans are overweight or obese according to body mass index (BMI), and elevated BMI is a risk factor for chronic diseases including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Both cognitively normal overweight and AD subjects exhibit impaired cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), potentially due in part to reduced mitochondrial respiratory function in skeletal muscle. However, no studies have characterized the impact of cognitive impairment and BMI on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in older adults. We enrolled elderly individuals (65+) with no cognitive complaints (n=23), or clinically diagnosed Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI, n=19). Subjects were divided based upon WHO classifications for normal (18.5-24.9) or overweight/obese BMI (25+). Analyses were controlled for age and sex. We obtained skeletal muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) to assess high-resolution mitochondrial respiratory capacity in permeabilized muscle fibers. Individuals also underwent CRF testing and a fasting blood draw. We assessed 4 groups: normal cognition and BMI (CN, n=9); normal cognition, high BMI (NO, n=14); MCI, normal BMI (MCI-N, n=10); and MCI, high BMI (MCI-O, n=9). MCI subjects had a mean MMSE of 26. 41.5% of CN subjects (22% of CN and 53% of NO) and 54.5% of MCI subjects (80% of MCI-N and 44% of MCI-O) were APOE ε4 carriers. ADP-stimulated mitochondrial respiration supported by palmitoyl-carnitine in the presence of succinate (State 3S) was significantly different between groups (p=0.01). LSD post-hoc analyses revealed that CN subjects exhibited higher mitochondrial respiration compared to all other groups (p=0.01 vs NO, p=0.02 vs MCI-N and MCI-O). Both high BMI groups exhibited higher HDL levels and lower physical activity compared to both normal BMI groups (p<0.01). CRF was different between groups, with MCI-O subjects exhibiting lower VO2peak compared to CN (p<0.01) and MCI-N (p=0.02) groups. Cognitively normal elderly with overweight BMI status exhibit a similar degree of mitochondrial respiratory impairment as MCI subjects. This may represent a modifiable MCI risk factor. MCI subjects with normal BMI had impaired mitochondrial function despite having similar fitness and activity levels as cognitively healthy subjects. The high percentage of APOE ε4 carriers in this group (80%) may contribute to the observed effect on bioenergetics.
Experimental Investigation of Contact Resistance Across Pressed Lead and Aluminum Contact in Vacuum (2000)

Abstract In a proposed nuclear application (production of Tritium using an accelerator, Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT)) lead is proposed to be used as a shield in the blanket module. This lead will be encased in aluminum cladding. The energy transfer rate from the lead to the cooling water will be a function of the thermal contact resistance (TCR) between lead and aluminum. Presently, data for contact resistance for this application does not exists in the literature. An experimental investigation has been conducted to determine the thermal contact resistance between lead and aluminum in vacuum. In this study we investigate the effect of pressure, surface roughness and interface temperature on the contact resistance. The experimentally determined range of contact resistance was found to be from 3.74×10−4K-m2/W to 11.45×10−4K-m2/W at 100°C∼200°C under 120∼370psi (0.827∼2.551MPa). The contact resistance increases to 168×10−4K-m2/W at small external pressure of 2.0∼3.9psi (0.013∼0.027MPa). The contact resistance decreases with increasing in contact pressure. Interface temperature and surface roughness do not affect the contact resistance significantly. There is a slight increase in contact conductance with increasing temperature. The experimental results provide contact resistance data, which should be a good reference for the APT design evaluation.
Design opportunities with rapid manufacturing (2003)

The advent of rapid manufacturing (RM) will have profound implications on all aspects of product development and manufacture. Within the design discipline, three areas are of importance, namely, design freedom, material properties and changes to the design process. These issues are currently under investigation as part of an EPSRC funded research project and this paper will outline the effects of RM on the design process with the introduction of RM and give the progress of the project to date.
Associative polarization-encoded optical shadow casting: gray-level image encoding for serial and parallel operations (1989)

An efficient algorithm for designing a serial and parallel multioutput logic unit using an associative polarization-encoded optical shadow-casting technique is presented. Devices designed as such have a unique contentaddressable associative memory where each of the memory locations has dual addresses. For illustration, the proposed algorithm has been used to design a serial-output and a parallel-output 2-bit gray adder.
Aberrant splicing contributes to severe α-spectrin–linked congenital hemolytic anemia (2019)

The etiology of severe hemolytic anemia in most patients with recessive hereditary spherocytosis (rHS) and the related disorder hereditary pyropoikilocytosis (HPP) is unknown. Whole exome sequencing of DNA from probands of 24 rHS or HPP kindreds identified numerous mutations in erythrocyte membrane α-spectrin (SPTA1). Twenty-eight mutations were novel, with null alleles frequently found in trans to missense mutations. No mutations were identified in a third of SPTA1 alleles (17/48). Whole genome sequencing revealed linkage disequilibrium between the common rHS-linked α-spectrinBug Hill polymorphism and a rare intron 30 variant in all 17 mutation-negative alleles. In vitro minigene studies and in vivo splicing analyses revealed the intron 30 variant changes a weak alternate branch point (BP) to a strong BP. This change leads to increased utilization of an alternate 3' splice acceptor site, perturbing normal α-spectrin mRNA splicing and creating an elongated mRNA transcript. In vivo mRNA stability studies revealed the newly created termination codon in the elongated transcript activates nonsense mediated decay leading to spectrin deficiency. These results demonstrate a unique mechanism of human genetic disease contributes to the etiology of a third of cases of rHS, facilitating diagnosis and treatment of severe anemia, and identifying a new target for therapeutic manipulation.
Regularity and Conformity (2015)

Mobility prediction enables appealing proactive experiences for location-aware services and offers essential intelligence to business and governments. Recent studies suggest that human mobility is highly regular and predictable. Additionally, social conformity theory indicates that people's movements are influenced by others. However, existing approaches for location prediction fail to organically combine both the regularity and conformity of human mobility in a unified model, and lack the capacity to incorporate heterogeneous mobility datasets to boost prediction performance. To address these challenges, in this paper we propose a hybrid predictive model integrating both the regularity and conformity of human mobility as well as their mutual reinforcement. In addition, we further elevate the predictive power of our model by learning location profiles from heterogeneous mobility datasets based on a gravity model. We evaluate the proposed model using several city-scale mobility datasets including location check-ins, GPS trajectories of taxis, and public transit data. The experimental results validate that our model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art approaches for mobility prediction in terms of multiple metrics such as accuracy and percentile rank. The results also suggest that the predictability of human mobility is time-varying, e.g., the overall predictability is higher on workdays than holidays while predicting users' unvisited locations is more challenging for workdays than holidays.
Comparison of different methods of measuring angle of progression in prediction of labor outcome (2019)

First, the method of measuring AoP with the greatest reliability is the manual parasagittal technique and future research should focus on this technique. Second, over half of the variation in time to vaginal delivery can be explained by a model that combines maternal factors, pregnancy characteristics and ultrasound findings. Third, the ability of AoP to provide clinically useful prediction of CS for FTP in the first stage of labor is limited. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, THE POLICE AND PUBLIC ORDER — SOME LESSONS OF THE MINERS' STRIKE (1988)

The miners' strike of 1984–5 does not lend itself easily to general conclusions. It was, and it is hoped will remain, unique. Nevertheless, it laid bare some significant trends and developments in the policing of industrial disputes, which have, in several respects, been reinforced by subsequent events. My purpose in this article is to identify and analyse what happened in the policing of the strike in that context, in an attempt to highlight the implications of contemporary techniques of policing disputes and of the context in which policing takes place. My central thesis is that recent developments in policing disputes are potentially dangerous for civil liberties, for the police themselves and for industrial relations.