gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
90-OR: Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) Is Associated with Modifiable Risk Factors in Children with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) (2021)

Vision-threatening DR (vtDR) is commonly defined as moderate nonproliferative or more severe DR, or the presence of diabetic macular edema (DME). Modifiable risk factors of DR and vtDR are well-established in adults. This study identified risk factors associated with DR and vtDR in a large pediatric cohort with T1D. Medical chart review was performed of baseline visits of pediatric (≤21 yrs old) patients at an academic eye center from 2005-2020 to collect demographic characteristics, medical history and DR severity. Analyses were adjusted for correlation between eyes of the same person. In total, 1735 subjects (3454 eyes) were included with mean±SD age 15.4±4.6 years, T1D duration 7.1±5.3 years, T1D onset 8.3±5.4 years, and A1c 8.4±1.3; 50.7% were female, 30.7% were overweight/obese and 4.1% had elevated/high BP. Any DR was present in 8.5% and vtDR in 2.4% of eyes. Unadjusted analyses found DR presence associated with higher A1c (p&amp;lt;.0001), longer T1D duration (p&amp;lt;.0001), younger age of T1D onset (p=0.0002), older age (p&amp;lt;.0001), female sex (p=0.001), higher BMI (p&amp;lt;.0001) and elevated/high BP (p&amp;lt;.0001). After backwards elimination modeling, older age (p&amp;lt;.0001), longer T1D duration (p=0.002) and higher A1c (p=0.01) were significantly associated with DR. In unadjusted analyses, vtDR was associated with higher A1c (p&amp;lt;.0001), longer T1D duration (p&amp;lt;.0001), younger age of T1D onset (p=0.001), older age (p&amp;lt;.0001), female sex (p=0.009), higher BMI (p=0.009) and elevated/high BP (p&amp;lt;.0001). Using backwards elimination modeling, older age (p&amp;lt;.0001), younger age of T1D onset (p&amp;lt;.0001) and elevated/high BP (p=0.0007) were significantly related to vtDR. In this pediatric cohort, DR or vtDR were present in 8.5% of eyes and were associated with modifiable risk factors of hyperglycemia and elevated BP. Future longitudinal studies can assess if early intervention to improve glycemic control and BP can reduce vtDR in youth with T1D. Disclosure C. Jacoba: None. K. Sampani: None. C. Gilbert: None. P. S. Silva: Research Support; Self; Hillrom, Optomed, Optos plc. J. Keady: None. L. M. Laffel: Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Dexcom, Inc., Dompe, Insulogic LLC, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Laxmi Therapeutic Devices, LifeScan, Lilly Diabetes, Medtronic, Provention Bio, Inc. L. P. Aiello: Consultant; Self; KalVista Pharmaceuticals, Novo Nordisk, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Stock/Shareholder; Self; KalVista Pharmaceuticals. J. Sun: Other Relationship; Self; Novo Nordisk, Roche Pharma, Research Support; Self; Adaptive Sensory Technology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., KalVista Pharmaceuticals, Optovue, Roche Pharma.
Learning Generalizable Coupling Terms for Obstacle Avoidance via Low-Dimensional Geometric Descriptors (2019)

Unforeseen events are frequent in the real-world environments where robots are expected to assist, raising the need for fast replanning of the on-going policy to guarantee operational safety. Inspired by human behavioral studies of obstacle avoidance and route selection, this letter presents a hierarchical framework that generates reactive yet bounded obstacle avoidance behaviors through a multi-layered analysis. The framework leverages the strengths of learning techniques and the versatility of dynamic movement primitives to efficiently unify perception, decision, and action levels via environmental low-dimensional geometric descriptors. Experimental evaluation on synthetic environments and a real anthropomorphic manipulator proves the robustness and generalization capabilities of the proposed approach regardless of the obstacle avoidance scenario.
[Current pathogenetic data on mesangial glomerulonephritis with immunoglobulin A deposits]. (1988)

The pathogenesis of mesangial immunoglobulin A nephropathies was elucidated through the analysis of their clinical features and investigation of their biological characteristics. An alteration of the mucosal immune system is currently considered chiefly responsible for these diseases. A dysregulation of other compartments of the immune system is likely to enhance this abnormality and/or contribute to the persistence of immune complexes. Little is known, however, about the etiology of these renal diseases, and their treatment remains palliative or preventive.
Meltblown Solvated Mesophase Pitch-Based Carbon Fibers: Fiber Evolution and Characteristics (2017)

Potentially low-cost continuous carbon fibers are produced from solvated mesophase pitch through a patented meltblowing process. The structural evolution and properties of the fibers are characterized by various analytical methods. The meltblown fibers are continuous fibers which are collected into a fibrous web form, and the diameter of the filaments is attenuated by the flow rate of air streams. The spun fibers can be rapidly stabilized in air due to the high melting mesogens and the removable solvent. The carbonized fibers show a high carbon yield of 75 wt % (or 86 wt % if the solvents are neglected) and a mean diameter of 8–22 μm with typical fiber diameter distribution and variation. The evolution of the fiber structure depends not only on the processing temperature but also on the fiber diameter. The processed carbon fibers retain the same form as the spun fibers and have a low packing density and reasonable mechanical properties.
An effective method for building meaning vocabulary in primary grades. (2006)

Teaching vocabulary to primary grade children is essential. Previous studies of teaching vocabulary (word meanings) using story books in the primary grades reported gains of 20%-25% of word meanings taught. The present studies concern possible influences on word meaning acquisition during instruction (Study 1) and increasing the percentage and number of word meanings acquired (Study 2). Both studies were conducted in a working-class school with approximately 50% English-language learners. The regular classroom teachers worked with their whole classes in these studies. In Study 1, average gains of 12% of word meanings were obtained using repeated reading. Adding word explanations added a 10% gain for a total gain of 22%. Pretesting had no effect on gains. In Study 2, results showed learning of 41% of word meanings taught. At this rate of learning word meanings taught, it would be possible for children to learn 400 word meanings a year if 1,000 word meanings were taught. The feasibility of teaching vocabulary to primary grade children is discussed.
Pain Provocation and Disc Deterioration by Age (1989)

The computed tomography (CT)/discograms and discographic pain provocation reports of 291 clinical patients, 790 discs (mean age, 38; range, 17-79) were collected. The CT/discograms were classified separating anular disruption and degeneration and recording the pain provoked during discography as no pain, dissimilar, similar, or exact reproduction of the patient's clinical pain. Nondegenerated discs usually were found to be painless, and deteriorated discs painful. The proportion of severely degenerated but painless discs increased with age, as did the discs producing dissimilar pain. This may help explain the poor correlation of low-back pain with radiographic degenerative changes reported in previous epidemiologic studies.
HER-2/neu-Mediated Regulation of Components of the MHC Class I Antigen-Processing Pathway (2004)

Because of its amplification and/or overexpression in many human tumors, the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene represents an attractive target for T-cell-mediated vaccination strategies. However, overexpression of oncogenes is often associated with defective expression of components of the MHC class I antigen-processing machinery (APM), thereby resulting in an immune escape phenotype of oncogene-transformed cells. To determine whether HER-2/neu influences the MHC class I antigen-processing pathway, the expression pattern of different APM components was examined in murine in vitro models of constitutive and tetracycline-controlled HER-2/neu expression. In comparison with HER-2/neu(-) control cells, HER-2/neu(+) fibroblasts exhibit reduced levels of MHC class I surface antigens that were associated with impaired expression and/or function of the peptide transporter associated with antigen processing, the proteasome subunits low molecular weight protein 2 and low molecular weight protein 10, the proteasome activators PA28alpha and PA28beta, and tapasin. These APM abnormalities resulted in reduced sensitivity to lysis by CTLs. The HER-2/neu-mediated immune escape phenotype could be corrected by IFN-gamma treatment. The clinical relevance of this finding was supported by an inverse correlation between HER-2/neu and the peptide transporter associated with antigen-processing protein expression as determined by immunhistochemical analysis of a series of HER-2/neu(-) and HER-2/neu(+) breast cancer specimens. Thus, a functional link between deficient APM component expression and HER-2/neu overexpression is proposed that might influence the design of HER-2/neu-targeted T-cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies.
Towards Measurement of Tunneling Times of a Bose-Einstein Condensate (2012)

We present progress towards measuring tunneling times of massive particles. A variety of 1D scattering potentials with 1.2 μm resolution are created, which we use to engineer our momentum distribution, and study tunneling times.
Alternative route to three of the four terpenoid components of the boll weevil sex pheromone (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlternative route to three of the four terpenoid components of the boll weevil sex pheromoneJoao Pedro De Souza and Andrea M. R. GoncalvesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 10, 2068–2069Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00404a054https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00404a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
3D multiple attenuation in the f‐xy domain: A case history from Abu Dhabi (2008)

Multiples are successfully removed from seismic data to increase the signal‐to‐noise ratio in a 3D land dataset acquired in Abu Dhabi. The anti‐multiple process aims at removing, in user specified spatial‐temporal windows, surface and inter‐bed multiple energy, which are associated with particular primary events. The anti‐multiple is designed in the f‐xy domain. In order to emphasize the fact that this process targets a particular multiple events, it is sometimes referred to as pattern recognition. In this particular study, the noise attenuation is performed pre stack, on constant offset time migrated data volumes.
Temperature responses of roots: impact on growth, root system architecture and implications for phenotyping (2009)

Root phenotyping is a challenging task, mainly because of the hidden nature of this organ. Only recently, imaging technologies have become available that allow us to elucidate the dynamic establishment of root structure and function in the soil. In root tips, optical analysis of the relative elemental growth rates in root expansion zones of hydroponically-grown plants revealed that it is the maximum intensity of cellular growth processes rather than the length of the root growth zone that control the acclimation to dynamic changes in temperature. Acclimation of entire root systems was studied at high throughput in agar-filled Petri dishes. In the present study, optical analysis of root system architecture showed that low temperature induced smaller branching angles between primary and lateral roots, which caused a reduction in the volume that roots access at lower temperature. Simulation of temperature gradients similar to natural soil conditions led to differential responses in basal and apical parts of the root system, and significantly affected the entire root system. These results were supported by first data on the response of root structure and carbon transport to different root zone temperatures. These data were acquired by combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). They indicate acclimation of root structure and geometry to temperature and preferential accumulation of carbon near the root tip at low root zone temperatures. Overall, this study demonstrated the value of combining different phenotyping technologies that analyse processes at different spatial and temporal scales. Only such an integrated approach allows us to connect differences between genotypes obtained in artificial high throughput conditions with specific characteristics relevant for field performance. Thus, novel routes may be opened up for improved plant breeding as well as for mechanistic understanding of root structure and function.
Efficient and Oblivious Query Processing for Range and kNN Queries (Extended Abstract) (2022)

Oblivious RAMs (ORAMs) are proposed to completely hide access patterns. However, most ORAM constructions are expensive and not suitable to deploy in a database for supporting query processing over large data. In this work, we design a practical oblivious query processing framework to enable efficient query processing over a cloud database. In particular, we focus on processing multiple range and kNN queries asynchronously and concurrently with high throughput. The key idea is to integrate indices into ORAM which leverages a suite of optimization techniques (e.g., oblivious batch processing and caching). Our construction shows an order of magnitude speedup in comparison with other baselines over large datasets.
Design of a Novel Spectrum Sequential Display with a Wide Color Gamut and Reduced Color Breakup (2005)

The advantage of RGB color sequential displays is that they have no color filters, but the disadvantage is that they need to run at high refresh rates (&#x226B;180 Hz) to prevent flicker and color breakup. At Philips we have developed an alternative color sequential display, which can operate at relatively low refresh rates (&#x223C;100 Hz) without disturbing color breakup or flicker. The display has two color filters per pixel (cyan and magenta) on the LCD panel and the backlight can generate two types of spectra (blue-green and green-red), which results in a wide gamut four primary display effectively. One part of the paper describes the color reproduction, including color filter design, gamut mapping and multi-primary conversion. The other part deals with the reduced perception of color breakup on the novel spectrum sequential display compared to conventional color sequential displays. A working prototype of the display has been build for demonstration purposes.
Design, fabrication and characterisation of a biomimetic accelerometer inspired by the cricket's clavate hair (2013)

Crickets use so-called clavate hairs to sense (gravitational) acceleration to obtain information on their orientation. Inspired by this clavate hair system, a biomimetic accelerometer has been developed and fabricated using surface micromachining and SU-8 lithography. First measurements indicate that this MEMS hair-based accelerometer has a resonance frequency of 367 Hz, a detection threshold of 0.63 m/s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and is able to measure accelerations up to 1 g.
JBIR-155, a Specific Class D β-Lactamase Inhibitor of Microbial Origin (2021)

We discovered JBIR-155 as a novel specific class D β-lactamase inhibitor from <i>Streptomyces polymachus</i> SoB100815Hv02. JBIR-155 consists of a 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one skeleton and a long unsaturated alkyl chain moiety of which absolute configuration was determined by spectroscopic data, modified Mosher's method, and analyses of the relative configuration of chemically modified derivative. JBIR-155 specifically exhibited inhibitory activity against the class D β-lactamase, with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 0.36 μM.
Análisis de postpandeo de un panel rigidizado de material compuesto sometido a carga de presión (2011)

IX CONGRESO NACIONAL DE
MATERIALES COMPUESTOS. Celebrado en 
Girona, 5, 6, 7 y 8 de julio de 2011
Effect of Amplifier Gain to Photoacoustic SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) in an LED-base Photoacoustic Imaging System (2018)

光音響イメージングは機能診断が可能であり，その臨床応用への期待から大いに注目されている．近年，小型，低価格化が可能なLED（Light Emitted Diode）光源を使いリアルタイム画像化を実現し，臨床応用を期待させるシステムが登場した．LEDのパルスエネルギーは固体レーザーに比較して著しく小さいためリアルタイム画像化は難しいと思われていたが，検出回路に前置増幅器を追加することでこれが可能になった．しかし，リアルタイム画像化を実現するために必要なSNRと増幅度がいくらになるかは明確ではない．我々はファントムとヒトの指を使い，増幅度 > 80 dBでSNR > 4の時にリアルタイム画像化が可能になることを見いだし，なぜ今まで前置増幅器なしにリアルタイム画像化が難しかったのかの理由を明らかにしたので報告する．
On delayed prediction of individual sequences (2002)

Prediction of individual sequences is investigated for cases in which the decision maker observes a delayed version of the sequence, or is forced to issue his/her predictions a number of steps in advance, with incomplete information. For finite action and observation spaces, it is shown that the prediction strategy that minimizes the worst case regret with respect to the Bayes envelope is obtained through subsampling of the sequence of observations. The result extends to the case of logarithmic loss. For finite-state (FS) reference prediction strategies, the delayed FS predictability (DFSP) is defined and related to its nondelayed counterpart. As in the nondelayed case, an efficient on-line decision algorithm, based on the incremental parsing rule, is shown to perform in the long run essentially as well as the best FS strategy determined in hindsight, with full knowledge of the given sequence of observations. An application to adaptive prefetching in computer memory architectures is discussed.
Non‐synaptic mechanisms underlie the after‐effects of cathodal transcutaneous direct current stimulation of the human brain (2005)

Although cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) decreases cortical excitability, the mechanisms underlying DC-induced changes remain largely unclear. In this study we investigated the effect of cathodal DC stimulation on spontaneous neural activity and on motor responses evoked by stimulation of the central and peripheral nervous system. We studied 17 healthy volunteers. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) of the motor area were used to study the effects of cathodal tDCS (1.5 mA, 10 min) on resting motor threshold and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded from the contralateral first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI). The electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in response to cathodal tDCS was analysed by power spectral density (PSD). Motor axonal excitability changes in response to transcutaneous DC stimulation of the ulnar nerve (0.3 mA, 10 min) were assessed by testing changes in the size of the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) elicited by submaximal nerve stimulation. Cathodal tDCS over the motor area for 10 min increased the motor threshold and decreased the size of MEPs evoked by TMS for at least 60 min after current offset (t(0) 71.7 +/- 5%, t(20) 50.8 +/- 11%, t(40) 47.7 +/- 7.7%, and t(60) 39.7 +/- 6.4%, P < 0.01). The tDCS also significantly decreased the size of MEPs elicited by TES (t(0) 64 +/- 16.4%, P = 0.09; t(20) 67.6 +/- 10.8%, P = 0.06; and t(40) 58.3 +/- 9.9%, P < 0.05). At the same time in the EEG the power of delta (2-4 Hz) and theta (4-7 Hz) rhythms increased (delta 181.1 +/- 40.2, P < 0.05; and theta 138.7 +/- 27.6, P = 0.07). At the peripheral level cathodal DC stimulation increased the size of the ulnar nerve CMAP (175 +/- 34.3%, P < 0.05). Our findings demonstrate that the after-effects of tDCS have a non-synaptic mechanism of action based upon changes in neural membrane function. These changes apart from reflecting local changes in ionic concentrations, could arise from alterations in transmembrane proteins and from electrolysis-related changes in [H(+)] induced by exposure to constant electric field.
Data Supplement from Analysis of Chemotherapeutic Response in Ovarian Cancers Using Publicly Available High-Throughput Data (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legend for Supplementary Tables S1-S9 and Supplementary Figures S1-S7.&lt;/p&gt;
Determining and understanding the control of glycolysis in fast‐growth tumor cells (2006)

Control analysis of the glycolytic flux was carried out in two fast-growth tumor cell types of human and rodent origin (HeLa and AS-30D, respectively). Determination of the maximal velocity (V(max)) of the 10 glycolytic enzymes from hexokinase to lactate dehydrogenase revealed that hexokinase (153-306 times) and phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) (22-56 times) had higher over-expression in rat AS-30D hepatoma cells than in normal freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. Moreover, the steady-state concentrations of the glycolytic metabolites, particularly those of the products of hexokinase and PFK-1, were increased compared with hepatocytes. In HeLa cells, V(max) values and metabolite concentrations for the 10 glycolytic enzyme were also significantly increased, but to a much lesser extent (6-9 times for both hexokinase and PFK-1). Elasticity-based analysis of the glycolytic flux in AS-30D cells showed that the block of enzymes producing Fru(1,6)P2 (i.e. glucose transporter, hexokinase, hexosephosphate isomerase, PFK-1, and the Glc6P branches) exerted most of the flux control (70-75%), whereas the consuming block (from aldolase to lactate dehydrogenase) exhibited the remaining control. The Glc6P-producing block (glucose transporter and hexokinase) also showed high flux control (70%), which indicated low flux control by PFK-1. Kinetic analysis of PFK-1 showed low sensitivity towards its allosteric inhibitors citrate and ATP, at physiological concentrations of the activator Fru(2,6)P2. On the other hand, hexokinase activity was strongly inhibited by high, but physiological, concentrations of Glc6P. Therefore, the enhanced glycolytic flux in fast-growth tumor cells was still controlled by an over-produced, but Glc6P-inhibited hexokinase.
3D AND 2½ D MODELLING OF GRAVITY ANOMALIES WITH VARIABLE DENSITY CONTRAST1 (1990)

A bstract The decrease of density contrast in sedimentary basins may be approximated by a quadratic function. A sedimentary basin may be viewed as a number of prisms placed in juxtaposition. Equations in closed form for the gravity anomalies of 3D and 2½ D prismatic models are derived. Approximate equations for these models are also derived for rapid calculations. Efficient methods are developed for anomaly calculation by an appropriate use of the exact and approximate equations, and hence, for 3D and 2½ D modelling. The depths to the basement are adjusted iteratively by comparing the calculated anomalies with the observed anomalies. These methods are applied for analysis of the residual anomaly map of the Los Angeles Basin, California.