gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wear-Time Compliance with a Dual-Accelerometer System for Capturing 24-h Behavioural Profiles in Children and Adults (2018)

To advance the field of time-use epidemiology, a tool capable of monitoring 24 h movement behaviours including sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour is needed. This study explores compliance with a novel dual-accelerometer system for capturing 24 h movement patterns in two free-living samples of children and adults. A total of 103 children aged 8 years and 83 adults aged 20-60 years were recruited. Using a combination of medical dressing and purpose-built foam pouches, participants were fitted with two Axivity AX3 accelerometers&mdash;one to the thigh and the other to the lower back&mdash;for seven 24 h periods. AX3 accelerometers contain an inbuilt skin temperature sensor that facilitates wear time estimation. The median (IQR) wear time in children was 160 (67) h and 165 (79) h (out of a maximum of 168 h) for back and thigh placement, respectively. Wear time was significantly higher and less variable in adults, with a median (IQR) for back and thigh placement of 168 (1) and 168 (0) h. A greater proportion of adults (71.6%) achieved the maximum number of complete days when compared to children (41.7%). We conclude that a dual-accelerometer protocol using skin attachment methods holds considerable promise for monitoring 24-h movement behaviours in both children and adults.
Identification of amber and ochre mutants of the human virus Ad2+ND1. (1977)

Although human adenoviruses grow poorly in monkey cells, this defect can be overcome either by coinfection of cells with simian virus 40 (SV40) or by insertion of the relevant portion of the SV40 genome into the adenovirus genome to form an adenovirus-SV40 hybrid virus. The nondefective adenovirus-2-SV40 hybrid virus, Ad2+ND1, contains an insertion of 17% of the SV40 genome, which codes for at least part of a 30,000 dalton protein. A set of Ad2+ND1 host-range mutants that have lost the ability to grow in monkey cells and behave as point mutants fail to synthesize the 30,000 dalton ND1 protein. Translation in vitro of SV40-specific mRNA from mutant-infected cells produces unique short polypeptides instead of the 30,000 dalton protein. Here we show that this set of host-range mutants includes both ochre and amber nonsense mutations. When the SV40-specific mRNA from the host-range mutants is translated in vitro to produce the polypeptide fragments, yeast suppressor tRNA can partially restore synthesis of wild-type-size 30,000 dalton protein. By this assay, one mutant is ochre and two are amber.
From toad bladder to kidney (1982)

Studies using the urinary bladder of the toad to elucidate the mechanism of transepithelial ion transport are reviewed. Sodium ions are reabsorbed from bladder urine across the granular cells, accounting for all the electrical activity of this epithelium. Sodium ions enter the granular cells passively through selective sodium channels down an electrochemical gradient, mix in the intracellular "active transport pool," and are pumped actively out of the cell across the basolateral plasma membrane. The concentration of sodium within the active transport pool is normally low, 10-14 mM, with Ringer solution bathing both surfaces. The apical plasma membrane is the major resistance barrier; both vasopressin and aldosterone stimulate sodium transport across the tissue by increasing the permeability of this barrier. The apical plasma membrane is impermeable to chloride ions and they are reabsorbed passively, in response to the transepithelial electrical potential established by active sodium transport, through paracellular channels. The bladder reabsorbs 18 sodium ions per molecule of suprabasal oxygen consumed. The relatively high apical membrane resistance buffers the basolateral active transport system from changes in osmotic work in pumping sodium out of the cell over the physiologic range of transepithelial potentials.
From raw material to mildly refined ingredient – Linking structure to composition to understand fractionation processes (2020)

The relation between the structure of yellow pea and its optimal fractionation process was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Different fractionations obtained by milling and various methods were investigated and compared to pea flour. Milling resulted in structure break-up and a distinction of particles in shape and size. Different particles were identified using the mapping of the elements (EDS), carbon, oxygen and nitrogen, indicating the presence of starch, protein and other carbohydrates, in the form of protein bodies, starch granules and cell wall fragments. It was further observed that not only protein bodies contained protein, but also particles that were presumed to be cell wall material contained protein, although in considerably lower concentrations. With both fractionation methods protein and starch could be partly separated, but wet fractionation resulted in a higher purity in both the soluble and non-soluble protein fractions.
Ca‐Rich Ca–Al‐Oxide, High‐Temperature‐Stable Sorbents Prepared from Hydrotalcite Precursors: Synthesis, Characterization, and CO2 Capture Capacity (2011)

We present the design and synthesis of Ca-rich Ca-Al-O oxides, with Ca(2+)/Al(3+) ratios of 1:1, 3:1, 5:1, and 7:1, which were prepared by hydrothermal decomposition of coprecipitated hydrotalcite-like Ca-Al-CO(3) precursors, for high-temperature CO(2) adsorption at 500-700 °C. In situ X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that the coprecipitated, Ca-rich, hydrotalcite-like powders with Ca(2+)/Al(3+) ratios of 5:1 and 7:1 contained Ca(OH)(2) and layered double hydroxide (LDH) phases. Upon annealing, LDH was first destroyed at approximately 200 °C to form an amorphous matrix, and then at 450-550 °C, the Ca(OH)(2) phase was converted into a CaO matrix with incorporated Al(3+) to form a homogeneous solid solution without a disrupted lattice structure. CaO nanocrystals were grown by thermal treatment of the weakly crystalline Ca-Al-O oxide matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis indicates that a CO(2) adsorption capacity of approximately 51 wt. % can be obtained from Ca-rich Ca-Al-O oxides prepared by calcination of 7:1 Ca-Al-CO(3) LDH phases at 600-700 °C. Furthermore, a relatively high CO(2) capture capability can be achieved, even with gas flows containing very low CO(2) concentrations (CO(2)/N(2) = 10 %). Approximately 95.6 % of the initial CO(2) adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is retained after 30 cycles of carbonation-calcination. TEM analysis indicates that carbonation-promoted CaCO(3) formation in the Ca-Al-O oxide matrix at 600 °C, but a subsequent desorption in N(2) at 700 °C, caused the formation CaO nanocrystals of approximately 10 nm. The CaO nanocrystals are widely distributed in the weakly crystalline Ca-Al-O oxide matrix and are present during the carbonation-calcination cycles. This demonstrates that Ca-Al-O sorbents that developed through the synthesis and calcination of Ca-rich Ca-Al LDH phases are suitable for long-term cyclic operation in severe temperature environments.
Expression of dehydrin-like genes in response to chilling in leaves of blackcurrant,Ribes nigrumL. (2001)

SummaryWe report the isolation of dehydrin-like genes (dhns) from cold-acclimated leaves of blackcurrant plants using RT-PCR with a guessmer primer based on known dehydrin DNA sequences. Several Dhn-like c-DNAs from Ribes nigrum were isolated and one (b8) with an internal lysine-rich coding sequence (K segment) was chosen for further characterization. Northern analysis conclusively demonstrated that b8 was chill-induced in vegetative tissues of R.nigrum (no transcripts could be detected at normal growth temperature). The cold induction of dhns was confirmed at the protein level using a polyclonal antibody immunoreactive to the K segments in DHNs.
Preparation of a First 18F-Labeled Agonist for M1 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors (2020)

M<sub>1</sub> muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are abundant in postsynaptic nerve terminals of all forebrain regions and have been implicated in the cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease and other CNS pathologies. Consequently, major efforts have been spent in the development of subtype-selective positron emission tomography (PET) tracers for mAChRs resulting in the development of several <sup>11</sup>C-labeled probes. However, protocols for the preparation of <sup>18</sup>F-labeled mAChR-ligands have not been published so far. Here, we describe a straightforward procedure for the preparation of an <sup>18</sup>F-labeled M<sub>1</sub> mAChR agonist and its corresponding pinacol boronate radiolabeling precursor and the non-radioactive reference compound. The target compounds were prepared from commercially available aryl fluorides and Boc protected 4-aminopiperidine using a convergent reaction protocol. The radiolabeling precursor was prepared by a modification of the Miyaura reaction and labeled via the alcohol-enhanced Cu-mediated radiofluorination. The developed procedure afforded the radiotracer in a non-decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 17 ± 3% (<i>n</i> = 3) and in excellent radiochemical purity (>99%) on a preparative scale. Taken together, we developed a straightforward protocol for the preparation of an <sup>18</sup>F-labeled M<sub>1</sub> mAChR agonist that is amenable for automation and thus provides an important step towards the routine production of a <sup>18</sup>F-labeled M<sub>1</sub> selective PET tracer for experimental and diagnostic applications.
The Fate of Pancuronium Bromide in Man (1973)

The fate of pancuronium bromide has been investigated in 20 anaesthetized patients, seven undergoing cholecystectomy with choledochostomy (Group I), seven undergoing cholecystectomy only (Group II) and six undergoing pelvic operations (Group III). A fluorimetric method was used to determine pancuronium bromide and its bis‐quaternary derivatives in blood, urine and bile. After a single intravenous injection of 6 mg pancuronium bromide, disappearance of the drug from the plasma proceeded in three phases with half‐lives of &lt; 5 min, 7‐13 min and 108–147 min, respectively. Renal elimination is suggested as the major excretory pathway in man, but biliary excretion is also significant. Thirty hours after injection, the total recovery of unchanged pancuronium and its metabolite was approximately 37–44% in the urine (Groups I, II, III) and 11% in the bile (Group I). Only one metabolite (3‐hydroxy derivative) of pancuronium bromide, accounting in total for about 15% of the administered dose, was identified in urine and 5% in bile by thin‐layer chromatography. Renal and hepatic elimination varied widely between patients. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Wir untersuchten das Schicksal von Pancuroniumbromid bei 20 anaesthesierten Patienten, 7 mit Cholecystektomie und Choledochostomie (Gruppe I), 7 mit Cholecystektomie allein (Gruppe II) und 6 mit Operation im Beckenbereich (Gruppe III). Pancuroniumbromid und seine bis‐quarternären Derivate wurden flourimetrisch in Blut, Harn und Galle bestimmt. Nach einer Einzelinjcktion von 6 mg Pancuroniumbromid kam es zum Verschwinden des Mittels aus dem Plasma in drei Phasen mit Halbwertszeiten von weniger als 5 Minuten, bzw. 7–13 Minuten und 108–147 Minuten. Eliminierung durch die Niere scheint beim Menschen der wesentlichste Ausscheidungsweg zu sein, doch ist auch die Ausscheidung Über die Galle signifikant. 30 Stunden nach der Injektion konnten 37–4 % als unverändertes Pancuronium oder als Metabolit im Harn (Gruppen I, II, III) und 11 % in der Galle (Gruppe I) nachgewiesen werden. Nur ein Metabolit (nämlich das 3‐Hydroxy‐Derivat) des Pancuroniums, verantwortlich fur etwa 15 % der verabreichten Dosis, konnte im Urin und 5 % in der Galle mittels Dunnschichtchromatographie identifiziert werden. Renale und hepatische Ausscheidung variierten stark von Patient zu Patient.
Modification of gingival proteoglycans by reactive oxygen species: potential mechanism of proteoglycan degradation during periodontal diseases (2021)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and oxidative stress are increasingly being implicated in the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation associated with chronic inflammatory conditions, such as periodontal diseases. The present study investigated the effects of ROS exposure on the proteoglycans of gingival tissues, utilizing an <i>in vitro</i> model system comprised of supra-physiological oxidant concentrations, to ascertain whether gingival proteoglycan modification and degradation by ROS contributed to the underlying mechanisms of ECM destruction during active gingivitis. Proteoglycans were purified from ovine gingival tissues and exposed to increasing H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentrations or a hydroxyl radical (·OH) flux for 1 h or 24 h, and ROS effects on proteoglycan core proteins and sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains were assessed. ROS were capable of degrading gingival proteoglycans, with ·OH species inducing greater degradative effects than H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> alone. Degradative effects were particularly manifested as amino acid modification, core protein cleavage, and GAG chain depolymerization. Proteoglycan core proteins were more susceptible to degradation than GAG chains with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> alone, although core proteins and GAG chains were both extensively degraded by ·OH species. Proteoglycan exposure to ·OH species for 24 h induced significant core protein amino acid modification, with decreases in glutamate, proline, isoleucine, and leucine; and concomitant increases in serine, glycine, and alanine residues. As clinical reports have previously highlighted proteoglycan core protein degradation during chronic gingivitis, whereas their sulfated GAG chains remain relatively intact, these findings potentially provide further evidence to implicate ROS in the pathogenesis of active gingivitis, complementing the enzymic mechanisms of periodontal tissue destruction already established.
Trusted Data Sharing over Untrusted Cloud Storage Providers (2010)

Cloud computing has been acknowledged as one of the prevaling models for providing IT capacities. The off-premises computing paradigm that comes with cloud computing has incurred great concerns on the security of data, especially the integrity and confidentiality of data, as cloud service providers may have complete control on the computing infrastructure that underpins the services. This makes it difficult to share data via cloud providers where data should be confidential to the providers and only authorized users should be allowed to access the data. This work aims to construct a system for trusted data sharing through untrusted cloud providers, to address the above mentioned issue. The constructed system can imperatively impose the access control policies of data owners, preventing the cloud storage providers from unauthorized access and making illegal authorization to access the data.
Monitoring of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Resource‐Constrained Countries (2003)

The reference standards used to monitor human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are flow cytometric analysis of T lymphocyte subsets to provide the CD4+ T cell count and molecular assays to quantify plasma HIV load. Few laboratories in resource-constrained countries can afford to perform these tests. A number of lower-cost assays requiring less expensive equipment may be well-suited to such countries. These include manual CD4 cell assays (Dynal, Coulter, BioRad) and ultrasensitive reverse transcriptase (Cavidi) and p24 (Perkin Elmer Life Sciences) assays to monitor virus load. Quality control and access to quality assurance programs are essential. The total lymphocyte count, although readily available and inexpensive, generally does not correlate as closely with CD4+ T cell counts. Other surrogate markers, such as beta2-microglobulin, are not suitable for routine monitoring of HIV infection. This review discusses the above assays and their role in addition to clinical monitoring in resource-constrained countries.
Genomic Profile of 320 Uveal Melanoma Cases: Chromosome 8p-Loss and Metastatic Outcome (2013)

In UM, tumor size and location, tissue source, and sex were all significantly associated with increased metastasis. In addition, chromosome 3-loss and 8p-loss were found to be independent predictors of poor metastatic outcome and CNA signatures were identified that can add a specific HR value for classification of risk categories.
Targeting hepatocellular carcinoma with aptamer-functionalized PLGA/PLA-PEG nanoparticles (2014)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, particularly in regions where chronic Hepatitis B and C infections are common. Nanoparticle assemblies that incorporate high-affinity aptamers which specifically bind malignant hepatocellular carcinoma cells could be useful for targeted drug delivery or enhancing contrast with existing ablation therapies. The <i>in vitro</i> interactions of a tumor-specific aptamer, TLS11a, were characterized in a hepatoma cell line via live-cell fluorescence imaging, SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting techniques. Cell surface binding of the aptamer-AlexaFluor<sup>®</sup>546 conjugate was found to occur within 20 minutes of initial exposure, followed by internalization and localization to late endosomes or lysosomes using a pH-sensitive LysoSensor™ Green dye and confocal microscopy. Aptamer-functionalized polymer nanoparticles containing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA-PEG) were then prepared by nanoprecipitation and passively loaded with the chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin, yielding spherical nanoparticles approximately 50 nm in diameter. Targeted drug delivery and cytotoxicity was assessed using live/dead fluorescent dyes and a MTT colorimetric viability assay with elevated levels of cell death found in cultures treated with either the aptamer-coated and uncoated polymer nanoparticles. Identification and characterization of the cell surface protein epitope(s) recognized by the TLS11a aptamer are ongoing along with nanoparticle optimization, but these preliminary studies support continued investigation of this aptamer and functionalized nanoparticle conjugates for targeted labeling and drug delivery within malignant hepatocellular carcinomas.
Optimization of Truss Vibration with Reduction of Symmetric Semidefinite Programming (2011)

A truss vibration optimization problem is to minimize the total weight of truss subject to a given fundamental vibration frequency. This paper focuses on the recent results of matrix algebraic approach to solve the truss vibration optimization problem expressed in terms of symmetric semidefinite programming problem. We derive two sufficient conditions on constructing the symmetric group representation to reduce the problems size. An example of eight-bar truss design problem is given to illustrate how to construct a group representation and to demonstrate its effectiveness.
Artificial neural networks for single phase fault detection in resonant grounded power distribution systems (2002)

This paper presents a new protection algorithm for the detection of single phase-to-ground faults in a power distribution network with compensated neutral grounding. This algorithm, based on the comparison of the residual current and phase currents, uses artificial neural networks. This method is tested with EMTP simulations as well as with experimental data which are closer to reality. Hence, the efficiency of the algorithm is shown.
SEROLOGIC GROUPING OF REOVIRUSES BY HEMAGGLUTINATION-INHIBITION1 (1960)

Journal Article SEROLOGIC GROUPING OF REOVIRUSES BY HEMAGGLUTINATION-INHIBITION Get access LEON ROSEN LEON ROSEN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 71, Issue 2, March 1960, Pages 242–249, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120107 Published: 01 March 1960 Article history Received: 03 August 1959 Published: 01 March 1960
Growth Factors, Receptor Kinases, and Protein Tyro sine Phosphatases in Normal and Malignant Melanocytes (1992)

Normal human melanocyte proliferation and differentiation is dependent on stimulation of one of three growth factor/receptor systems. They are fibroblast growth factor (FGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and mast cell growth factor (MGF), which activate the FGF receptor, c-Met, and c-Kit, respectively, known to be receptor tyrosine kinases. In contrast, human melanoma cells from primary nodular and metastatic lesions grow autonomously partially because of inappropriate production of basic FGF (bFGF) and continuous activation of the bFGF-receptor kinase. Activation of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases in melanocytes stimulates not only proliferation but also the expression of pigmentation. Melanoma cells constitutively express several tyrosyl-phosphorylated proteins that in normal melanocytes are stimulated in response to growth factors. This high level of phosphorylation was not due to either the presence of constitutively active Kit kinase and Met kinase nor to the absence of any of several known protein tyrosine phosphatases. Because bFGF by itself does not transform melanocytes to melanomas, there must be additional cooperating factors that confer the malignant phenotype to pigment cells.
Requirements to (Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O<inf>3</inf> electrocaloric materials (2013)

In this work, we evaluate the electric field dependence of the electrocaloric effect in BaTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> -based materials. Figures of merits are proposed which are applicable to electrocaloric devices.
Elevation of prostaglandin levels in pregnancies complicated by premature rupture of the membranes (1992)

Premature labour and infection (both maternal and neonatal) are common outcomes of pregnancies complicated by premature rupture of the membranes (PROM). Both conditions are associated with elevation of prostaglandin levels. It therefore seems likely that prostaglandins may be increased in patients with pregnancies complicated by PROM. The aim of this study was to test this hypothesis by comparing prostaglandin levels in pregnancies complicated by PROM to those from control pregnancies with intact membranes. Paired fetal and maternal samples were obtained from nine patients with pregnancies complicated by PROM. The median onset of PROM was 28 weeks (range 22-31 weeks). Fetal blood was obtained by cordocentesis, ultrasound guided puncture of the umbilical cord and this was performed at a median of 4 days (range 1-28) following rupture of the membranes. Delivery occurred at a median gestational age of 33 weeks (range 28-37). Paired samples were also obtained from 12 "control" pregnancies with intact membranes and no evidence of infection or premature labour. The indications for cordocentesis in this group were rapid fetal karyotyping following the ultrasonic detection of small fetal structural abnormalities or fetal blood grouping following the detection of high maternal haemolytic antibody titre. Sampling was performed at a median of 27 weeks of gestation (range 22-32). Prostaglandin levels were assessed by determination of the level of the metabolic compound bicyclo-PGEM by radioimmunoassay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)