gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Xanthomonas campestris pv. poae as the Causal Agent of Wilt Symptoms on Annual Bluegrass in Japan. (1995)

Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) samples were collected from several areas of Japan from 1991 to 1993. Eighty-nine isolates of Xanthomonas-like bacteria which caused wilting of annual bluegrass leaves upon artificial inoculation were isolated. Isolates were separated into two groups according to the pathogenicity demonstrated by leaf clipping inoculation. Ten isolates including JT-P482 as the representative isolate caused severe wilting of the whole plant, and 79 isolates including JT-P192 as the representative isolate caused mild wilt symptoms and/or pale-yellow discoloration limited to leaf blades. Pathogenicity and bacteriological properties of present isolates were compared with those of Xanthomonas campestris pv. graminis, X. c. pv. phlei, X. c. pv. arrhenatheri, X. c. pv. poae and X. c. pv. “poannua”. Regardless of differences in their pathogenicity, present isolates of both types were identified as X. c. pv. poae on the basis of host-specificity and bacteriological properties.
High suspended solids removal of Indian drain water with a down-scaled Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) for water recovery. Assessing water-type dependence on process control variables (2022)

The Barapullah drain crosses through New Delhi, India, and transports millions of cubic meters of stormwater, municipal sewage and industrial sewage to the Yamuna River. Seasonal variations and ambiguous annual discharges cause 20-fold fluctuations in hydraulic flows, pollutants type and concentration. Furthermore, New Delhi is among the most densely populated areas on the planet, with limited surface area and high water stress. Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) units are known to be highly compact, robust, and an efficient suspended solids separation technology that enables further water recovery in a treatment train. Thus, a down-scaled column DAF was designed and used to determine the total suspended solids removal efficiencies, under different influent conditions. Three influents that resemble the Barapullah drain seasonal variations in composition, and a fourth that imitates the feed of DAF when located after an anaerobic bioreactor were tested. A total of 60 batch DAF experiments were completed and used to assess seven independent control variables for DAF operation, which are influent Total Suspended Solids (TSS), pH, temperature, DAF particles residence time, white water pressure, coagulants and flocculants concentration, and coagulation and flocculation time. Results showed that the down-scaled DAF could be steered from low to high removal efficiencies, comparable to full-scale systems. Maximum TSS removal varied between 92 and 96%. The effect and statistical relevance of the different performance variables on the measured separation efficiencies depended on the influent type. All variables, except temperature and pH, had a significant performance effect with a p-value below 0.1, for at least one influent. Pressure had a positive effect on separation efficiency, due to its importance in bubble formation. Moreover, the down-scaled DAF system had low removal efficiency for particles with spherical shapes, and diameters below 10 µm. Based on the high TSS removal for all tested influents, and the effect of the studied control variables, a full-scale DAF could efficiently remove the suspended solids of the Barapullah drain. The unit robustness for different flows and pollutant concentrations, and small footprint, show DAF suitability as part of a treatment train for water recovery, in densely populated areas.
Urine proteome of COVID-19 patients (2020)

The atypical pneumonia (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a serious threat to global public health. However, early detection and effective prediction of patients with mild to severe symptoms remain challenging. The proteomic profiling of urine samples from healthy individuals, mild and severe COVID-19 positive patients with comorbidities can be clearly differentiated. Multiple pathways have been compromised after the COVID-19 infection, including the dysregulation of complement activation, platelet degranulation, lipoprotein metabolic process and response to hypoxia. This study demonstrates the COVID-19 pathophysiology related molecular alterations could be detected in the urine and the potential application in auxiliary diagnosis of COVID-19.
Low-Oxygen Pretreatment Enhances Endothelial Cell Growth and Retention Under Shear Stress (2008)

Oxygen (O(2)) tension is an important factor that regulates endothelial cell (EC) growth and adhesion. We hypothesized that low-O(2) treatment of ECs improves the endothelialization and cell retention upon physiologically relevant perfusion flow, due to enhanced cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion. We assessed the effects of a low-O(2) tension of 5% O(2) upon growth and ECM production of human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs), in comparison to their counterparts at 20% O(2) on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films. Low-O(2) pretreatment at 5% O(2) promoted HUVEC proliferation, ECM secretion, and intercellular adhesion. Cell retentions of the endothelialized PET films formed under 5% and 20% O(2) were analyzed by applying shear stress in the range of 5-20 dyn/cm(2) for up to 24 h under the O(2) of 12% and 20%, mimicking arterial and conventional experimental O(2), respectively. The 5% O(2)-pretreated samples exhibited significantly higher cell retention than their normoxic counterparts at high cell density (>30 x 10(3) cells/cm(2)) over extended exposure time (>12 h) when perfused under both 12% and 20% O(2). The endothelium formed under 5% O(2) maintained its ability to respond to perfusion flow by upregulating nitric oxide and prostacyclin production under both O(2) perfusion conditions. The results indicate that pretreatment at 5% O(2) is an effective strategy to enhance endothelialization of vascular grafts by promoting endothelium formation, cell retention, and function.
Reconstruction of cell population dynamics using CFSE (2007)

The approach we describe here can be used to recover the (potentially variable) division and death rates of any cell population for which division tracking information is available.
Electrical-contact-free readout of the response of superconductive bolometer arrays using thermal cross talk (2006)

We utilized and investigated the unique dependence of the magnitude and phase of the response on thermal cross talk between bolometer pixels in an array to measure the response of the devices through fewer monitoring devices. We show the feasibility of the proposed readout technique by use of two source pixels in an array, as the image-mapping devices, and one optically shielded pixel as the readout device. While the sensing pixels were electrical-contact free, the readout device was current biased in 4-probe current-bias configuration. Both the phase and the magnitude of the response due to the cross talk in the array were found to be strongly dependent on the modulation frequency and the distance between the sensing and the readout pixels. A series of measurements were designed to extract the response of each single-sensing pixel. By combining the measured data, the response of individual pixels could be extracted through the interpolation of the mapped responses.
C-V Characteristics of MOS Structures Fabricated of Al-Doped p-Type 3C-SiC Epilayers Grown on Si by Chemical Vapor Deposition (1991)

MOS structures were fabricated from Al-doped p-type 3C-SiC epilayers grown on Si by chemical vapor deposition. Their C-V characteristics were studied for the first time at 400 Hz, 10 kHz and 100 kHz. Accumulation, depletion, deep depletion and inversion regions were observed in the C-V curves. The increase of capacitance in the inversion region was observed for reverse sweep of gate bias at 400 Hz and 10 kHz. The fixed oxide charge density and the space charge density in 3C-SiC were estimated to be on the order of 10 12 cm -2 and 2.8×10 18 cm -3 , respectively.
Handgrip weakness, low fat‐free mass, and overall survival in non‐small cell lung cancer treated with curative‐intent radiotherapy (2020)

In early and locally advanced NSCLC patients treated with curative-intent (chemo)radiation who have good WHO PS, patients with combined handgrip weakness and low FFMI have the worst prognosis.
Abstract 4836: Targeted antifolates with thienoyl regioisomers in the side chain result in improved selectivity and potency against KB human tumor cells (2016)

Abstract Folates function as cofactors in one-carbon transfer reactions including de novo biosynthesis of nucleotides and play a key in DNA and RNA synthesis, epigenetic processes, cellular proliferation and survival. Cellular folate uptake is mediated by three distinct transporters. Among these, the reduced folate carrier (RFC) is the predominant folate transporter and is critical for antitumor efficacy of currently used classical antifolates such as methotrexate (MTX), pemetrexed (PMX), and raltitrexed (RTX). RFC is ubiquitously expressed in tumor cells and in normal tissues, resulting in dose-limiting toxicity with classical antifolates. We previously reported a series of 6-substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine antifolates that are selectively transported by folate receptors (FR) and/or by the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT) over RFC and inhibit FR/PCFT-expressing human tumor cells (KB and IGROV1) at sub-nanomolar IC50 values. These antifolates are comparatively more potent and reduce the toxicity of clinically available antifolates which have non-selective uptake. As an extension of the SAR, we focused on a novel isosteric series of 6-substituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogs, with a 3- or 4- carbon bridge between the thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine and the thienoyl regioisomeric side chain. This simple isosteric replacement of pyrrole with thiophene in the scaffold, combined with varying the positions of attachment of 3- and 4-carbon bridge and the L-glutamic acid on the thiophene ring, provides compounds with different chain length, conformations and extra hydrogen bond donors and/or acceptors compared to the previously reported compounds. All the analogs (AGF 102, AGF131, AGF 271, AGF 275, AGF 276 and AGF 282) are potently inhibitory toward Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (RT16) expressing human FRá (IC50s of 3.1, 0.33, 0.45, 1.1, 0.83 and 5.6 nM, respectively). All the analogs were inactive in the CHO cell line expressing RFC indicating absolute selectivity for FRá. AGF271, AGF275, and AGF282 showed modest (IC50s from 95-460 nM) with PCFT-expressing CHO cells (R2/PCFT4). AGF102, AGF 131 and AGF 271 AGF 275 AGF 276 AGF 282 were all potently inhibitory toward KB tumor cells (IC50 of 2.10, 1.70, 1.48, 1.81, 5.74 and 7.61nM, respectively). Collectively, our results suggest that AGF102, AGF 131, AGF 271, AGF 275, AGF 276 and AGF 282 are targeted antifolates with activity profiles that suggest that further preclinical studies and optimization are warranted. Citation Format: Aleem Gangjee, Nian Tong, Adrianne Wallace Povrik, Zhanjun Hou, Larry H. Matherly. Targeted antifolates with thienoyl regioisomers in the side chain result in improved selectivity and potency against KB human tumor cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4836.
Single-Stage Multi-Person Pose Machines (2019)

Multi-person pose estimation is a challenging problem. Existing methods are mostly two-stage based--one stage for proposal generation and the other for allocating poses to corresponding persons. However, such two-stage methods generally suffer low efficiency. In this work, we present the first single-stage model, Single-stage multi-person Pose Machine (SPM), to simplify the pipeline and lift the efficiency for multi-person pose estimation. To achieve this, we propose a novel Structured Pose Representation (SPR) that unifies person instance and body joint position representations. Based on SPR, we develop the SPM model that can directly predict structured poses for multiple persons in a single stage, and thus offer a more compact pipeline and attractive efficiency advantage over two-stage methods. In particular, SPR introduces the root joints to indicate different person instances and human body joint positions are encoded into their displacements w.r.t. the roots. To better predict long-range displacements for some joints, SPR is further extended to hierarchical representations. Based on SPR, SPM can efficiently perform multi-person poses estimation by simultaneously predicting root joints (location of instances) and body joint displacements via CNNs. Moreover, to demonstrate the generality of SPM, we also apply it to multi-person 3D pose estimation. Comprehensive experiments on benchmarks MPII, extended PASCAL-Person-Part, MSCOCO and CMU Panoptic clearly demonstrate the state-of-the-art efficiency of SPM for multi-person 2D/3D pose estimation, together with outstanding accuracy.
Impact of the Atmosphere on the Signal Phase and the Channel Capacity in EHF MIMO Satellite Links (2015)

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) satellite systems are currently under intensive research due to their enormous potential to improve the link capacity. The key to achieve high multiplexing gains are the fine tuned phase relations inside the MIMO channel matrix. These relations are realized by a smart placement of the ground station antennas. However, the signal phase of a space- earth link is influenced by atmospheric distortions. Therefore measurements of the signal phase from related field campaigns are analyzed and examined regarding their relevance for the capacity prediction of real MIMO satellite links. Further, the impact of these phase distortions with respect to the resulting ergodic capacity and to the complementary cumulative distribution function of the channel capacity is investigated. Simulations point out only minor performance losses under the expectable conditions. Nevertheless, for a reliable forecast of MIMO satellite communication systems, additional measurements are needed.
Pd(II)-Bipyridine Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Arylboronic Acid to α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds (2005)

[Reaction: see text]. A Pd(II)-catalyzed conjugate addition of arylboronic acid to alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones, aldehydes, esters, etc. in the presence of 2,2'-bipyridine was developed. A mechanism involving transmetalation, insertion of the carbon-carbon double bond into the C-Pd bond, and protonolysis of the resulting C-Pd bond is proposed. The reaction conditions are mild and the yield is high. The presence of 2,2'-bipyridine is crucial for the reaction to inhibit beta-hydride elimination.
In‐Office Needle Arthroscopy Can Evaluate Meniscus Tear Repair Healing as an Alternative to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2021)

IV, therapeutic case series.
Direct Decomposition of NO into N2 and O2 on SrFe0.7Mg0.3O3 Perovskite Oxide. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Transplant Season, Irrigation, and Planting Depth Effects on Landscape Establishment of Baldcypress and Sycamore (2010)

Tree transplanting practices influence plant survival, establishment, and subsequent landscape value. The inability to adequately quantify effects of transplanting practices threatens long-term sustainability of landscape trees. Planting depth [i.e., location of the root collar relative to soil grade (soil surface)], is of particular concern for tree growth, development, and landscape performance. The authors of this study investigated the effects of planting depth and transplant season on landscape establishment of baldcypress [Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.] and effects of planting depth and irrigation practices on landscape establishment of sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.). Baldcypress planted above grade had reduced relative growth rate in height and diameter compared to those planted at or below grade during the first growing season, regardless of transplant season. Sycamore trees planted below grade had increased mortality and decreased growth compared to trees planted at grade or above grade, regardless of irrigation treatment. Even though trees of both species were grown under similar conditions, baldcypress was much more tolerant to belowgrade planting than sycamore. We suggest that this is related to the native habitat of both species, where baldcypress is frequently exposed to hypoxic conditions while sycamore is more prevalent on well-drained soils. Thus, it may be important to consider the native habitat of a species when evaluating the effect of planting depth.
Testvector pertinence for SCA conformance evaluation (2015)

Présentation
High Levels of Malic Enzyme Activities in Vicia faba L. Epidermal Tissue (1981)

Specific activities of NADP-malic enzyme, NAD-malic enzyme, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase in various cells of Vicia faba L. leaflets were determined. Expressed on dry weight, chlorophyll or protein basis, the averages for NADP- and NAD-malic enzyme specific activities were higher in guard cells than in photosynthetic parenchyma cells. Malic enzyme-specific activities were also high in epidermal cells. Phosphoenolypyruvate carboxykinase activity was not detected in Vicia leaf extracts or guard cells; the assay techniques were validated by mixed Vicia-Brachiaria leaf extraction and assays on nanogram samples of Brachiaria bundlesheath cells. It was inferred from these data that guard cell malate depletion is by decarboxylation to pyruvate in the epidermal layer, but how the various epidermal cells interact remains obscure.Pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase activity could not be demonstrated unequivocally in Vicia leaf extracts, Vicia guard cell protoplast extracts, or in Vicia guard cells. The assay techniques were validated by mixed Vicia-Kochia leaf extraction and assays on nanogram samples of Kochia mesophyll cells. How (or if) pyruvate is phosphorylated by epidermal tissue for entry into gluconeogenesis is unknown.
Pervasive transmission of E484K and emergence of VUI-NP13L with evidence of SARS-CoV-2 co-infection events by two different lineages in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (2021)

Abstract Emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 lineages are under the spotlight of the media, scientific community and governments. Recent reports of novel variants in the United Kingdom, South Africa and Brazil (B.1.1.28-E484K) have raised intense interest because of a possible higher transmission rate or resistance to the novel vaccines. Nevertheless, the spread of B.1.1.28 (E484K) and other variants in Brazil is still unknown. In this work, we investigated the population structure and genomic complexity of SARS-CoV-2 in Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost state in Brazil. Most samples sequenced belonged to the B.1.1.28 (E484K) lineage, demonstrating its widespread dispersion. We were the first to identify two independent events of co-infection caused by the occurrence of B.1.1.28 (E484K) with either B.1.1.248 or B.1.91 lineages. Also, clustering analysis revealed the occurrence of a novel cluster of samples circulating in the state (named VUI-NP13L) characterized by 12 lineage-defining mutations. In light of the evidence for E484K dispersion, co-infection and emergence of VUI-NP13L in Rio Grande do Sul, we reaffirm the importance of establishing strict and effective social distancing measures to counter the spread of potentially more hazardous SARS-CoV-2 strains. Highlights The novel variant B.1.1.28 (E484K) previously described in Rio de Janeiro is currently spread across the southernmost state of Brazil; The novel variant VUI-NP13L was also identified by causing a local outbreak in Rio Grande do Sul; B.1.1.28 (E484K) is able to establish successful coinfection events co-occurring simultaneously with different lineages of SARS-CoV-2.
903. Resensitization to β-Lactams in Enterococci Depends on Penicillin-Binding Protein (PBP) Mislocalization and Is Mediated by a Single Protein That Modulates Cell Membrane (CM) Adaptation to Daptomycin (DAP) (2019)

Abstract Background DAP disrupts bacterial CM by binding to septal anionic phospholipids (APLs). LiaX, an effector of the LiaFSR stress system, modulates DAP-R by diverting APLs away from the septum. Enterococci are intrinsically resistant to β-lactams due to the presence of PBPs (e.g., PBP5) with low affinity to these drugs. However, emergence of DAP-R leads to increased susceptibility to β-lactams, a phenomenon designated as the see-saw effect. Here, we dissect the molecular mechanism of this phenomenon. Methods We studied a clinical strain pair of DAP-S (S613) and DAP-R (R712) E. faecalis strains recovered from a patient before and after DAP therapy. We generated deletions of liaX and PBPs (ponA and pbp5) in DAP-susceptible (DAP-S) E. faecalis OG1RF and JH2-2. APLs and membrane structures were visualized with NAO and/or FM4-64. PBPs and LiaX localization were evaluated with bocillin-FL or immunofluorescence. PBP transcripts and PBP5 protein levels were measured by qRT-PCR or immunoblotting, respectively. β-Lactam binding affinity of PBPs was assessed by SDS-PAGE of bocillin-FL stained membranes and a LiaX–PBP5 interaction was evaluated by the bacterial two-hybrid (BACTH) system. MICs were determined via E-test. Results Deletion of liaX led to DAP-R and redistribution of APL microdomains (nonseptal foci with CM aberrations; Figure 1A) in all strains, with a marked decrease in ceftriaxone (CRO) MICs. Only PBP5 was essential for β-lactam resistance but not for DAP-R. DAP-R was associated with mislocalization of PBPs to the sites of CM aberrations (Figure 2). Notably, LiaX and PBP5 were localized to the septum in DAP-S strains but redistributed away from septal areas upon development of DAP-R (Figure 3). An interaction of LiaX and PBP5 was confirmed by the BACTH system. Mislocalized PBPs, most notably PonA and PBP5, had increased affinity for β-lactams in all DAP-R strains. The increased affinity of PBPs to β-lactams was not associated with increased transcripts or PBP5 levels. Conclusion LiaX regulates CM adaptation and cell wall synthesis via membrane remodeling and direct interactions with key PBPs. Changes in LiaX that cause DAP-R results in mislocalization of PBPs to nonseptal areas and likely increases access of β-lactam to the active site, explaining the see-saw effect. Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.
Safety and Tolerability of Immune Globulin Intravenous in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (2010)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00220740.
The aminocarbyne ligand CNH2: metal-centred synthesis from a cyanosilane, preparation and X-ray structure of trans-[ReCl(CNH2)(Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2)2]BF4 (1986)

Treatment of trans-[ReCl(N2)(dppe)2](dppe = Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2) with trimethylsilyl cyanide affords trans-[ReCl(CNSiMe3)(dppe)2](1) which, on reaction with MeOH or HBF4, gives trans-[ReCl(CNH)(dppe)2](2) and trans-[ReCl(CNH2)(dppe)2]BF4(3), respectively; the X-ray structure of complex (3) has been determined.