gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Small Intestinal Submucosa (1995)

Wound dressings are used as a temporary wound covering to promote wound healing, control wound exudate, and decrease wound contamination as well as evaporative water loss. A new material, porcine small intestinal submucosa, has been used successfully as an arterial and venous graft in both canine and primate animal models with graft patency and infection rates equal to autologous vein. Based on these studies, small intestinal submucosa was used as a biological wound dressing in 20 x 20 mm full-thickness wounds made on Sprague-Dawley rats. In the controls (group I, n = 12), an acrylic frame (20 x 20 mm) was sutured to the wound edges, followed by placement of a thin polyurethane film. In the small intestinal submucosa-treated animals (group II, n = 12), the wound was covered with small intestinal submucosa and then with the acrylic frame and polyurethane film. The wounds were examined both visually and histologically at postapplication days 3, 7, 14, 28, 42 and 56. In addition, the wound contraction rate of 6 animals in both groups were recorded at postapplication day 0 and then at 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months. Histological analysis (hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff stains) of the small intestinal submucosa-treated wounds revealed no host-versus-graft rejection and a rate of epithelialization equal to that of the control group. The wound contraction rate was statistically significant (higher; p < .05) in the control group compared to the small intestinal submucosa-treated group. Porcine small intestinal submucosa merits further study as both a biological wound dressing and as a substrate for cultured cells.
A 2-tap switched capacitor FFE transmitter achieving 1-20 Gb/s at 0.72-0.62 pJ/bit (2019)

This paper presents a 28nm CMOS 1-20Gb/s energy proportional transmitter with 2-tap DDR SC FFE, 64:2 1-latch MUX serialization, rapid-on/off LC OSC, and adjustable clock divider. Switched Capacitor frontend allows for fully dynamic operation for minimal quiescent current consumption. Fast startup time is achieved through the 1-latch based MUX SER along with the on/off LC OSC and the adjustable clock divider. The transmitter operates from 1-20Gb/s, occupies 0.19mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and consumes 0.72-0.62 pJ/bit.
Inhibitory Properties of Phenolic Compounds Against Enzymes Linked with Human Diseases (2017)

Some drugs currently used are inhibitors of enzymes involved in mediating many disease processes. Concerns over the toxicity and side effects of synthetic enzyme inhibitors have led to a search for new safe and effective inhibitors particularly from natural sources. Owing to their wide range of biological effects, plant phenolic compounds are one of the most studied families of natural products. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the potential of phenolic compounds as enzyme inhibitors. Extensive research has been conducted to study the enzyme inhibitory capacity of many phenolic compounds against several enzymes linked with important human conditions. Investigations conducted are mainly focused on the inhibition of angiotensin I-converting enzyme, α-amylase and α-glucosidase, lipase, cholinesterases, proinflammatory enzymes (cyclooxygenases and 5-lipoxygenase) and tyrosinase, which are related with hypertension, type II diabetes, obesity, Alzheimer’s diseases, inflammation and skin hyperpigmentation, respectively. Overall, among phenolics, flavonoids are probably those with great capacity to inhibit the activity of the enzymes revised. Several studies demonstrated the potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of flavonoids, which highlight the therapeutic potential of these compounds. Although our literature survey showed that a huge number of phenolic compounds have been studied and there are some promising compounds depending on the enzyme, more in vivo tests and subsequent steps to be a drug candidate are required before therapeutic application.
Development of new cement composite materials for construction (2005)

For almost ten years ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) has been developed throughout the world. After a reviewing and carrying out a critical analysis of the different UHPFRCs which exist, and some prospects related to these materials, a new cementitious composite, patented by the Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussees (LCPC) in France, is presented. This UHPFRC has such good mechanical behaviour in tension that it is possible to construct structures or manufacture structural members without reinforcement in addition to the fibres.
Patterns of expression of sperm flagellar genes: early expression of genes encoding axonemal proteins during the spermatogenic cycle and shared features of promoters of genes encoding central apparatus proteins* (2005)

Sperm are motile cells. Thus, a significant component of the spermatogenic cycle is devoted to the formation of flagellum, a process that must be coordinated to insure proper construction. To document the temporal pattern of flagellar gene expression, we employed real-time PCR to assess changes in accumulation of a cohort of genes encoding axoneme, outer dense fibre (ODF) and fibrous sheath (FS) proteins during the first wave of spermatogenesis in the mouse. Axoneme genes were expressed first at the pachytene spermatocyte stage, followed by expression of transcripts encoding ODF and FS components. However, there were differences among these families with respect to the time of initial expression and the rate of mRNA accumulation. To gain understanding of factors that determine these patterns of expression, we cloned the promoters of three axoneme central apparatus genes (Pf6, Spag6 and Pf20). These promoters shared common features including the absence of a TATA box, and putative binding sites for several factors implicated in spermatogenesis (CREB/CREM, SOX17 and SPZ1) as well as ciliogenesis (FOXJ1). Collectively, our findings demonstrate a sequential pattern of expression of flagellar component genes, differential times of expression or rates of transcript accumulation within each class and shared promoter features within a class.
Supplementary Figure from Phase Ia/b, Open-Label, Multicenter Study of AZD4635 (an Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist) as Monotherapy or Combined with Durvalumab, in Patients with Solid Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Phase Ia/b, Open-Label, Multicenter Study of AZD4635 (an Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist) as Monotherapy or Combined with Durvalumab, in Patients with Solid Tumors
Design and Analysis of the Novel Test Tube Magnet as a Device for Portable Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (2007)

We present a novel test tube magnet (TTM) for use in portable nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) devices. The TTM consists of a dipole cylinder magnet and a hemisphere magnet. The hemisphere magnet is attached to one end of the dipole cylinder magnet, so that the whole magnet is shaped like a test tube. TTM generates a wide-diameter spherical volume (DSV) with a high magnetic field homogeneity, which makes the device suitable for portable NMR. We simulated the configuration with three-dimensional finite-element methods. Flux density elements are effectively corrected in the homogeneous magnetic field region. The homogeneity increases, the magnet volumes and mass relatively decrease, and the construction is fairly simple. Overall, the new design has improved characteristics for portable NMR.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of the Sharpless Asymmetric Dihydroxylation as a Substitute for the Katsuki‐Sharpless Asymmetric Epoxidation: An Alternative Route to Vitamin E and Prostaglandin Intermediates. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Phosphanalkylene, 54. Synthese und Eigenschaften von Bis(trimethylsilyl)keton (1995)

Phosphane Alkylenes, 54, – Synthesis and Properties of Bis(trimethylsilyl) Ketone The synthesis of the bis(trimethylsilyl) ketone (1b) by oxydation of [bis(trimethylsilyl)methylene]triphenylphosphorane (3) is described. The IR, UV, NMR, and PE spectra as well as the cyclovoltagram of this compound are discussed and compared with those of di‐ tert ‐butyl ketone (13) and tert ‐butyl‐trimethylsilyl ketone (10) .
Genetics of Resistance in Maize to a Complex of Three Species of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) (1990)

During summer 1988, a heavy infestation of Thrips, Anaphothrips obscurus (Mueller), Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), and F. tenuicomis (Uzel) occurred on maize, Zea mays L., allowing for evaluation of resistance in 10 inbred maize lines. Thrips populations peaked at the end of June, and evaluations of the damage were taken at this time. Inbred 41:2504B had the smallest thrips population, B37 had the largest population, and Mo17, C103, and B73 were intermediate. A 10-inbred-line diallel cross, based on damage caused by leaf-feeding, showed that variations due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant. Variation due to GCA, however, was 14 times greater than that for SCA, indicating that additive genetic effects were more important than nonadditive effects. The inbred 41:2504B was the most resistant and best general combiner, whereas C103 was the most susceptible to thrips damage.
Abstract 128: Patches Of Atrial Appendage Tissue Improve Ventricular Function After Myocardial Infarction (2013)

Introduction: Atrial appendage (AA) is an expendable autologous tissue source containing cardiomyocytes, inherent cardiac progenitors, and endothelial cells. We hypothesize that AA tissue can be employed as a unique hormonally-active external patch for infarct repair and that inducing the cytoprotective factor, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), would enhance survival in transplanted patch cardiomyocytes. Methods: AA patches (5x7mm) were transplanted from donor F344 rats onto hearts in isogenic recipients immediately after acute myocardial infarction (MI). Recipient rats were randomized to receive acute MI only, or external AA patches from donors pretreated with PBS or with the HO-1 inducer, cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP), 5mg/kg, 24 hrs prior to AA harvest (n=9/group). Echocardiography was performed at baseline and at 4 wks, at which point hearts were excised and fixed for image analysis. Results: At 4 wks post-MI, % fractional shortening was 41% higher (P &lt; 0.01) in HO-1-induced and 32% higher (P = 0.03) in PBS-treated AA patch implant groups vs. MI-only controls. In atrial patches, HO-1 induction significantly reduced collagen deposition compared to PBS-pretreated patches (10 ± 3% vs. 16 ± 5% of ventricular area, P &lt; 0.05), increased atrial cardiomyocyte-containing graft area by 35% (Fig. 1), and preserved connexin 43 expression in atrial grafts. Conclusions: External implantation of cardiomyocyte patches derived from AA tissue increased ventricular function after acute MI. Preemptive induction of pro-survival factor HO-1 showed additional advantages in preserving cardiomyocyte mass and gap junctions, and reducing fibrosis in transplanted cardiomyocyte patches.
Fluorinated Vesicles Made from Combinations of Phospholipids and Semifluorinated Alkanes. Direct Experimental Evidence of the Location of the Semifluorinated Alkane within the Bilayer (2003)

Previous work has demonstrated that codispersion of semifluorinated alkanes CnF2n+1CmH2m+1 (FnHm diblocks) with phospholipids strongly modifies the properties of the resulting vesicles. The hypothetical segregation and ordered self-organization of FnHm diblocks as a continuous film within the bilayer were suggested to account for the observed changes of bilayer behavior; however, no proof of the diblock location and organization was provided. We now report direct experimental evidence of the diblock's presence and organization within the bilayer using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry (micro-DSC), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Cryo-TEM demonstrated that a sonicated codispersion of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) and C6F13C10H21 (F6H10) (1:1) led to an homogeneous population of small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) with no F6H10 emulsion droplets present. The bilayer of these SUVs appeared as a single, thick and dark ring, characteristic of the bilayer of vesicles made from fluorinated phospholipids. This aspect, very different from that of the bilayer of DOPC vesicles, which consists of two concentric rings, demonstrated unambiguously the presence of a fluorinated core within the bilayer. The micro-DSC study on dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC)/F6H10 SUVs showed a shift of the DMPC main transition phase temperature to lower values, indicating interdigitation of the H10 hydrogenated segments of the diblock with the fatty acid chains of the DMPC. In addition, F6H10 was observed to undergo a gel-to-fluid transition at ∼25 °C when incorporated in the DMPC bilayer, giving further evidence for an organized fluorinated film within the bilayer (F6H10 is liquid in the bulk). Finally, SAXS experiments were in agreement with a hollow spherelike particle model constituted by a ∼3 nm thick fluorinated shell, indicating that the fluorinated segments are not interdigitated.
Radiological modalities in renovascular disease (2006)

Renovascular disease (RVD) is a complex entity associating atherosclerotic arterial lesions, renal disease and hypertension leading to high renal and cardiovascular risks. The relationships between renal artery stenosis (RAS), hypertension and renal function are variable from patient to patient and difficult to assess, but their severity and their association increase the patient’s risks.1
Screening of Potentially Probiotic Lactobacillus Possessing Surface Layer Protein from Iranian Traditional Dairy Products (2016)

One of the most commonly observed surface structures on the prokaryotic cell envelopes is monomolecular crystalline array of proteinaceous subunits termed Surface Layers or S-layers. Due their self assembly ability and the highly ordered, regular structure down to the nanometer scale, S-layers were demonstrated to possess a great potential for nanobiotechnological applications. Some probiotic bacteria, such as Lactobacillus spp. have been found to possess S-layers. In this perspective, the objectives of this study were isolation and identification of Lactobacillus species from traditional dairy products carrying surface (S) layer protein and investigation of important prerequisite of probiotic interest, such as the capability to survive at low pH and in presence of bile salts.  The protein profile of intact Lactobacillus isolates was analyzed in SDS-PAGE. The protein bands of 45–60 kDa were present in two of the 25 isolates, suggesting the presence of S-layer proteins in these strains. The above mentioned proteins were recovered in the guanidine hydrochloride extracts. After dialysis, the extracted proteins showed a significant band of apparent molecular mass of 50–60 kDa in SDS-PAGE. The strains possessing S-layers protein was identified both biochemically and by 16S rRNA sequencing. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that two isolates exhibited maximum similarity with the 16S rRNA sequence of Lactobacillus brevis spp. These two isolates were resistant to acid and bile in which their viability in acidic condition were between 51.6% and 77.8% and bile resistance of two isolates was approximately 99% after 24 h.
An All-Aqueous Thermally Regenerative Ammonia Battery Chemistry Using Cu(I, II) Redox Reactions (2021)

Thermally regenerative ammonia batteries (TRABs) are electrochemical energy conversion devices that convert low-grade waste heat into electrical power. To date, reported TRABs have suffered from poor performance due to their reliance on dissolution and deposition redox reactions with transition metals. Here we present a new TRAB chemistry that uses ligands to stabilize aqueous Cu(I) and Cu(II) ions, thereby creating the first reported all-aqueous TRAB. Rotating disc electrode studies were conducted to evaluate thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of prospective anolyte and catholyte chemistries. The use of NH 3 (aq) and Br − (aq) ligands resulted in a cell potential difference of 695 ± 2 mV with rate constants of 101 ± 5 μ m s −1 and 819 ± 236 μ m s −1 , respectively. Single-cell tests achieved power densities up to 350 W m −2 which are the highest reported for single metal TRABs at 25 °C. Coulombic efficiencies exceeded 90% and their energy storage densities were two to four times of those reported for alternative TRAB chemistries.
Synthesis of arbitrary rational transfer functions in s using uniform distributed RC active circuits (1990)

A synthesis technique is described whereby network functions that are rational in s are realized with uniform distributed RC elements and active elements. In contrast to previous distributed synthesis approaches, the technique works directly in the s plane without complex mathematical transformations, uses only grounded rectangular single-layer uniform distributed RC structures, and can realize many network topologies. Classical approximation functions, such as Butterworth and Chebyshev, and well-known filter topologies can be used. Experimental results for a band-pass biquad are presented, and practical implementation possibilities are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Adsorption Kinetics of Ammonia on a Dynamic Isolation Flux Chamber (2005)

A laboratory study dealing with the adsorption kinetics of ammonia on a flux chamber wasperformed to determine if adsorption onto the chamber walls was significant. The study took intoaccount the system responses of all instrumentation. The remaining response was consideredadsorption. The study detailed how adsorption can be measured in an open system. By knowing anestimate of the adsorption, the concentration obtained from the chamber may be corrected. Thestudy found that the adsorption would not significantly change the concentration of the output flow 30minutes after a clean chamber was exposed to ammonia concentrations. The adsorption was foundto be more significant at lower concentrations. The mass adsorbed for 2.5 ppm of ammonia wasfound to be 14.7 g.
Generation of 3D thermal models for dentistry applications (2016)

There are a variety of medical imaging modalities available, although each modality focus into different aspects, for example: anatomical, physiological or geometrical information. This paper presents a new imaging modality (3D THERMO-SCAN) that combines anatomical computer tomography (CT) imaging slices, together with 2D infrared thermography images and 3D scanned shaped models of the area under study. Therefore, it is presented the 3D reconstructions involving a case study of a volunteer with bruxism. Some characteristics of bruxism are the hyperactivity of the chewing muscles, which changes the dynamics of microcirculation, also changing the correspondent skin's temperature. The emphasis is to show the corresponding structures, such as jaw/mandibular region that will produce either decrease or increase in temperature, which are related to bruxism and the associated use of an occlusal splint, respectively.
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (2015)

Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) includes multiple concepts of communication-enabled vehicle following and speed control. Definitions and classifications are presented to help clarify the distinctions between types of automated vehicle-following control that are often conflated with each other. A distinction is made between vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) CACC, based on vehicle–vehicle cooperation, and infrastructure-to-vehicle CACC, in which the infrastructure provides information or guidance to the CACC system (such as the target set speed value). In V2V CACC, communication provides enhanced information so that vehicles can follow their predecessors with higher accuracy, faster response, and shorter gaps; the result would be enhanced traffic flow stability and possibly improved safety. A further distinction is made between CACC, which uses constant-time-gap vehicle following (forming CACC strings), and automated platooning, which uses tightly coupled, constant-clearance, vehicle-following strategies. Although adaptive cruise control (ACC) and CACC are examples of Level 1 automation as defined by both SAE and NHTSA, the vehicle-following performance that can be achieved under each scenario is representative of the performance that should be expected at higher levels of automation. Implementation of CACC in practice will also require consideration of more than the lowest level of vehicle-following and speed regulation performance. Because CACC requires interactions between adjacent equipped vehicles, strategies are needed such as ad hoc, local, or global coordination to cluster CACC vehicles. Some of the challenges that must be overcome to implement the clustering strategies are discussed as well as strategies for separating CACC clusters as they approach their destinations, as potential traffic improvements from CACC will be negated if the vehicles cannot disperse effectively.
Combination of Electrografting and Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization for Making the Stainless Steel Surface Antibacterial and Protein Antiadhesive (2005)

A two-step "grafting from" method has been successfully carried out, which is based on the electrografting of polyacrylate chains containing an initiator for the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of 2-(tert-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate (TBAEMA) or copolymerization of TBAEMA with either monomethyl ether of poly(ethylene oxide) methacrylate (PEOMA) or acrylic acid (AA) or styrene. The chemisorption of this type of polymer brushes onto stainless steel surfaces has potential in orthopaedic surgery. These films have been characterized by ATR-FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and measurement of contact angles of water. The polymer formed in solution by ATRP and that one detached on purpose from the surface have been analyzed by size exclusion chromathography (SEC) and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The strong adherence of the films onto stainless steel has been assessed by peeling tests. AFM analysis has shown that addition of hydrophilic comonomers to the grafted chains decreases the surface roughness. According to dynamic quartz crystal microbalance experiments, proteins (e.g., fibrinogen) are more effectively repelled whenever copolymer brushes contain neutral hydrophilic (PEOMA) co-units rather than negatively charged groups (PAA salt). Moreover, a 2- to 3-fold decrease in the fibrinogen adsorption is observed when TBAEMA is copolymerized with either PEOMA or AA rather than homopolymerized or copolymerized with styrene. Compared to the bare stainless steel surface, brushes of polyTBAEMA, poly(TBAEMA-co-PEOMA) and poly(TBAEMA-co-AA) decrease the bacteria adhesion by 3 to 4 orders of magnitude as revealed by Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus adhesion tests.
Improving Bidirectional Heuristic Search by Bounds Propagation (2021)

Recent work in bidirectional heuristic search characterize pairs of nodes from which at least one node must be expanded in order to ensure optimality of solutions. We use these findings to propose a method for improving existing heuristics by propagating lower bounds between the forward and backward frontiers. We then define a number of desirable properties for bidirectional heuristic search algorithms, and show that applying the bound propagations adds these properties to many existing algorithms (e.g. to the MM family of algorithms). Finally, experimental results show that applying these propagations significantly reduce the running time of various algorithms.