gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nivolumab in combination with cabozantinib for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: a phase II and biomarker study (2021)

This single-arm phase II study investigated the efficacy and safety of cabozantinib combined with nivolumab in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST 1.1. Biopsies at baseline and after cycle 1 were analyzed for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), PD-L1, and whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing. Only 1/18 patients achieved a partial response (ORR 6%), and the trial was stopped early. Toxicity led to cabozantinib dose reduction in 50% of patients. One patient had a PD-L1-positive tumor, and three patients had TILs > 10%. The responding patient had a PD-L1-negative tumor with low tumor mutational burden but high TILs and enriched immune gene expression. High pretreatment levels of plasma immunosuppressive cytokines, chemokines, and immune checkpoint molecules were associated with rapid progression. Although this study did not meet its primary endpoint, immunostaining, genomic, and proteomic studies indicated a high degree of tumor immunosuppression in this mTNBC cohort.
LncRNA PANDAR regulates the G1/S transition of breast cancer cells by suppressing p16INK4A expression (2016)

It has been reported that lncRNA PANDAR (promoter of CDKN1A antisense DNA damage-activated RNA) is induced as a result of DNA damage, and it regulates the reparation of DNA damage. In this study, we investigated the role of lncRNA PANDAR in the progression of breast cancer and found that PANDAR was up-regulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. The knockdown of PANDAR suppresses G1/S transition of breast cancer cells. We demonstrated mechanistically that the regulation of G1/S transition by PANDAR was partly due to the transcriptional modulation of p16(INK4A). Moreover, we showed that PANDAR impacted p16(INK4A) expression by regulating the recruitment Bmi1 to p16(INK4A) promoter. To our knowledge, this is the first study which showed the functional roles and mechanisms of PANDAR in regulating the progression of breast cancer. The PANDAR/Bmi1/p16(INK4A) axis could serve as novel targets for breast cancer therapy.
Sampling design for efficient detection of pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, in diseased trees using a DNA detection kit: variation across branch, trunk and tree (2018)

Summary Detection of pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus , is fundamental for effective control of pine wilt disease. Recent molecular techniques, such as DNA detection, have enhanced detectability of the nematodes whereas appropriate field sampling has received less attention. In order to elucidate a sampling design that most efficiently detects B. xylophilus using a commercially-distributed DNA detection kit, we compared detection levels of B. xylophilus using wood chips taken from various positions on dead trees. Results showed that the DNA kit had a higher detection level than the conventional method, and that trunk samples had higher levels than branch samples. Statistical model revealed that among-tree variation influenced the detectability more strongly than within-tree variation. Our results suggest that, in practice, with limited resources for control, it is more efficient to take samples from many trees with a minimum number from each tree, rather than taking many samples from a small number of trees.
Two-layer resist fabrication by new portable conformable masking i-line lithography (1989)

A new technique for submicron optical lithography is reported. Water-soluble contrast enhancing material for i-line exposure prevented the undercut profile of negative photoresist and attained high-aspect-ratio rectangular patterns. New portable conformable masking i-line lithography using the water-soluble contrast enhancing material could successfully fabricate a two-layer resist composed of negative photoresist RU-1100N as a top layer and positive deep ultraviolet resist poly(dimethylglutarimide) as a bottom layer.
Effectiveness and Durability of the Rice Pi-ta Gene in Yunnan Province of China (2014)

Rice blast is one of the most damaging diseases of rice worldwide. In the present study, we analyzed DNA sequence variation of avirulence (AVR) genes of AVR-Pita1 in field isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae in order to understand the effectiveness of the resistance gene Pi-ta in China. Genomic DNA of 366 isolates of M. oryzae collected from Yunnan province of China were used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification to examine the existence of AVR-Pita1 using gene-specific PCR markers. Results of PCR products revealed that 218 isolates of M. oryzae carry AVR-Pita1. Among of them, 62.5, 56.3, 58.5, 46.7, 72.4, and 57.4% of M. oryzae carry AVR-Pita1 from northeastern, southeast, western, northwest, southwestern, and central Yunnan province, respectively. The detection rate of AVR-Pita1 was, in order: southwestern > northeastern > western > central > southeastern > northwestern Yunnan province. Moreover, in total, 18 AVR-Pita1 haplotypes encoding 13 novel AVR-Pita1 variants were identified among 60 isolates. Most DNA sequence variation was found to occur in the exon region, resulting in amino acid substitution. Six virulent haplotypes of AVR-Pita1 to Pita were identified among 60 field isolates. The AVR-Pita1 has evolved to virulence from avirulent origins via base substitution. These findings demonstrate that AVR-Pita1 is under positive selection and mutations of AVR-Pita1 are responsible for defeating race-specific resistance in nature.
Intra-articular hyaluronic acid for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: systematic review and meta-analysis (2005)

According to the currently available evidence, intra-articular hyaluronic acid has not been proven clinically effective and may be associated with a greater risk of adverse events. Large trials with clinically relevant and uniform end points are necessary to clarify the benefit-risk ratio.
703 Adhesive Strength of Plaques to Soda-lime Glass in Mussel under the Environment of High Iron Seawater (2006)

The byssus secreted by marine mussels have adhesive plaques renowned for their great adhesive characteristics. Dopa contained in the byssal protein can form catechol complexes with exceptional stability in the presence of metal ions such as Fe3+ while mussels take up particulate or soluble iron from seawater. Iron may be the key reagent in protein cross-linking for adhesive synthesis, but the implications for their adhesive strength have not been clarified. The peeling strength of adhesive plaques deposited onto glass surface, which secreted by the mussels exposed in Fe3+ supplemented seawater for 24 hours, has been investigated by peeling apparatus exclusively for the mussel plaques. The peeling test showed that keeping plaques in the high iron seawater altered its tenacity as contrasted with that kept in artificial seawater manipulated its pH same as the other level.
Structural and functional characterization of an anti‐West Nile virus monoclonal antibody and its single‐chain variant produced in glycoengineered plants (2014)

Previously, our group engineered a plant-derived monoclonal antibody (MAb pE16) that efficiently treated West Nile virus (WNV) infection in mice. In this study, we developed a pE16 variant consisting of a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the heavy chain constant domains (CH) of human IgG (pE16scFv-CH). pE16 and pE16scFv-CH were expressed and assembled efficiently in Nicotiana benthamiana ∆XF plants, a glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycan residues. Glycan analysis revealed that ∆XF plant-derived pE16scFv-CH (∆XFpE16scFv-CH) and pE16 (∆XFpE16) both displayed a mammalian glycosylation profile. ∆XFpE16 and ∆XFpE16scFv-CH demonstrated equivalent antigen-binding affinity and kinetics, and slightly enhanced neutralization of WNV in vitro compared with the parent mammalian cell-produced E16 (mE16). A single dose of ∆XFpE16 or ∆XFpE16scFv-CH protected mice against WNV-induced mortality even 4 days after infection at equivalent rates as mE16. This study provides a detailed tandem comparison of the expression, structure and function of a therapeutic MAb and its single-chain variant produced in glycoengineered plants. Moreover, it demonstrates the development of anti-WNV MAb therapeutic variants that are equivalent in efficacy to pE16, simpler to produce, and likely safer to use as therapeutics due to their mammalian N-glycosylation. This platform may lead to a more robust and cost-effective production of antibody-based therapeutics against WNV infection and other infectious, inflammatory or neoplastic diseases.
Learning hand in hand: Engaging in research–practice partnerships to advance developmental science (2020)

Developmental science research often involves research questions developed by academic teams, which are tested within community or educational settings. In this piece, we outline the importance of research-practice partnerships, which involve both research and practice-based partners collaborating at each stage of the research process. We articulate challenges and benefits of these partnerships for developmental science research, identify relevant research frameworks that may inform these partnerships, and provide an example of an ongoing research-practice partnership.
Energy-performance design space exploration in SMT architectures exploiting selective load value predictions (2010)

This paper presents a design space exploration of a selective load value prediction scheme suitable for energy-aware Simultaneous Multi-Threaded (SMT) architectures. A load value predictor is an architectural enhancement which speculates over the results of a micro-processor load instruction to speed-up the execution of the following instructions. The proposed architectural enhancement differs from a classic predictor due to an improved selection scheme that allows to activate the predictor only when a miss occurs in the first level of cache. We analyze the effectiveness of the selective predictor in terms of overall energy reduction and performance improvement. To this end, we show how the proposed predictor can produce benefits (in terms of overall cost) when the cache size of the SMT architecture is reduced and we compare it with a classic non-selective load value prediction scheme. The experimental results have been gathered with a state-of-the-art SMT simulator running the SPEC2000 benchmark suite, both in SMT and non-SMT mode.
Total synthesis of 1.alpha.-fluoro-25-hydroxycholecalciferol and -ergocalciferol (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of 1.alpha.-fluoro-25-hydroxycholecalciferol and -ergocalciferolShian Jan Shiuey, Irina Kulesha, Enrico G. Baggiolini, and Milan R. UskokovicCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 1, 243–247Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00288a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00288a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views439Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
From metal/semiconductor separation to single‐chirality separation of single‐wall carbon nanotubes using gel (2011)

Abstract In the present work, a review of the metallic (M) and semiconducting (S) separation of single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using polysaccharide gels is presented. First, the progress of the M/S separation is described, including the following: the discovery of high‐yield separation using agarose gel electrophoresis, the separation of SWCNTs without an electric field, such as through the use of the freeze and squeeze method, the development of continuous separation using column chromatography, and the single‐chirality separation of SWCNTs using a multicolumn with dextran‐based gel. Next, the separation mechanism using gel is discussed, in which separation is achieved by selective adsorption of S‐SWCNTs by gel with a specific combination of surfactant and gel. Lastly, future directions for the separation of SWCNTs and for the use of the separated SWCNTs are discussed. magnified image (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A microfluidic system for investigation of extravascular transport and cellular uptake of drugs in tumors (2011)

Three-dimensional (3D) tumor models have been established in various microfluidic systems for drug delivery and resistance studies in vitro. However, one of the main drawbacks of these models is non-uniform distribution of cells, leaving regions with very low cell density within the 3D structures. As a result, molecular diffusion in the cell compartments is faster than that observed in solid tumors. To solve this problem, we developed a new technique for preparation of 3D tumor models in vitro. It was based on a microfluidic device containing three parallel channels separated by narrowly spaced posts. Tumor cells were loaded into the central channel at high density. To test the system, B16.F10 melanoma cells were perfusion-cultured overnight and the resulting 3D structure was characterized in terms of viability, density, and morphology of cells as well as transport properties of small fluorescent molecules. Immediately upon loading of tumor cells, the cell density was comparable to those observed in B16.F10 tumor tissues in vivo; and the viability of tumor cells was maintained through the overnight culture. The tumor model displayed low extracellular space and high resistance to diffusion of small molecules. For membrane-permeant molecules (e.g., Hoechst 33342), the rate of interstitial penetration was extremely slow, compared to membrane-impermeant molecules (e.g., sodium fluorescein). This versatile tumor model could be applied to in vitro studies of transport and cellular uptake of drugs and genes.
Erbium-doped glass-ridge waveguides fabricated with a collimated magnetron sputter deposition process (1997)

We report a new fabrication process for Er-doped glass ridge waveguides. The process does not require etching of an Er- doped film in defining the lateral dimension of a waveguide, but involves a lift-off process using polyimide as a sacrificial layer. An Er-doped soda-lime silicate glass film (1.5 micrometer thick) was deposited at 350 degrees Celsius using a collimated sputtering technique. Conventional sputtering techniques have been known to be incompatible with a lift-off process. The collimated sputtering, however, allowed us easy lift-off of Er-doped films, and produced well-defined ridges with smooth surface profiles as confirmed by scanning electron microscope analysis. Guided mode profiles were measured at 1.3 micrometer wavelength and compared with the simulation results.
Analysis of acquisition in WCDMA systems (2002)

This paper analyzes the acquisition scheme of WCDMA, a standard for the next generation wireless systems, and characterizes its performance under various channel conditions.
Development of an estimation model for instantaneous presence in audio content (2014)

The sense of presence is often used to evaluate the performances of audio content and systems. To estimate the overall presence of a content item, we have developed estimation models for the sense of presence in audio-only and audio-visual content. In this study, the audio-only model is expanded to estimate the instantaneous presence in an audio content item. Initially, we conducted an evaluation experiment of the presence with 40 content items to investigate the relationship between the features of the audio content and the instantaneous presence. Based on the experimental data, a neural-network-based model was developed by expanding the previous model. To express the variation in instantaneous presence, six features, which were extracted from the content items in 500-ms intervals, were used as inputs for the model. A generalization test confirmed that the model is sufficiently accurate to estimate the instantaneous presence.
Studies on Fluorescence Efficiency and Photodegradation of Rhodamine 6G Doped PMMA Using a Dual Beam Thermal Lens Technique (2002)

In this paper we report the use of the dual beam thermal lens technique as a quantitative method to determine absolute fluorescence quantum efficiency and concentration quenching of fluorescence emission from rhodamine 6G doped Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), prepared with different concentrations of the dye. A comparison of the present data with that reported in the literature indicates that the observed variation of fluorescence quantum yield with respect to the dye concentration follows a similar profile as in the earlier reported observations on rhodamine 6G in solution. The photodegradation of the dye molecules under cw laser excitation is also studied using the present method.
[Immunization in the ABO system. The problem of dangerous universal donors in Dakar]. (1986)

The determination of anti-A and anti-B hemolysins was realized in 1,500 Senegalese blood donors. The systematic detection of dangerous universal donors in a Transfusion Center in Africa is important, because of the frequent impossibility of isogroup transfusions, and of utilisation of diversified blood products.
Development of a WirelessHART compatible field device (2010)

The use of wireless industrial field devices (sensors and actuators) is gradually increasing. The easy installation and repositioning of these devices are the greatest motivators of this tendency. On the other hand, wave propagation phenomena, radio frequency coexistence and energy consumption are inherent difficulties that must be taken into account. The applied wireless communication protocol must cope with these difficulties and avoid or minimize them. In this paper, the WirelessHART protocol is introduced as well as the development of a compatible field device. A data logger software and firmware are developed to test the system. The results are presented at the end and can be used to help in the development of new devices.
Pregnanes, Part 2: Corticosteroids (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Biological Activity Sources of Corticoids Modified Corticoids Some Drugs Based on Corticoids
Verification of Fatigue Damage and Prognosis Related to Degradation of Polymer-Ceramic (2021)

Statistically, road accidents involving pedestrians occur in the autumn and winter months, when outdoor temperatures reach -30 °C. The research presented in this paper investigates the impact of a pedestrian's head on laminated windscreen, taking into account the effects of external temperature, heating of the windscreen from the inside, and fatigue of the glass. The automotive laminated windscreen under study is made from two layers of glass and a Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) resin bonding them together. PVB significantly changes its properties with temperature. The Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations of a pedestrian's head hitting the windscreen of an Opel Astra II at <-30 °C, +20 °C> were performed. The obtained Head Injury Criterion (HIC) results revealed an almost twofold decrease in safety between +20 °C and -20 °C. The same test was then performed taking into account the heating of the windscreen from the inside and the fatigue of the glass layers. Surprisingly, the highest HIC value of all the cases studied was obtained at -30 °C and heating the windscreen. The nature of safety changes with temperature variation is different for the cases of heating, non-heating, and fatigue of glass layers. Glass fatigue increases pedestrian safety throughout the temperature range analysed.
Low complexity subband analysis using quadrature mirror filters (2014)

In this article, a novel method of performing subband analysis of digital signals is proposed. Conventional subband decomposition algorithms typically use a binary tree filterbank structure comprised of halfband filters. Due to design limitations of finite length filters, conventional decomposition algorithms typically suffer from interference due to aliasing. While longer halfband filters may reduce aliasing, such filters also increase latency and implementation complexity. Our proposed algorithm uses a novel structure of quadrature mirror filters to ensure aliasing is present outside of the spectral region of interest. Simulation results indicate that, compared to conventional algorithms, the proposed algorithm 1) reduces interference from aliasing by over 30dB, 2) reduces signal processing latency, and 3) reduces implementation complexity.
On the Sum of Correlated Squared $κ-μ$ Shadowed Random Variables and its Application to Performance Analysis of MRC (2014)

In this paper, we study the statistical characterization of the sum of the squared $κ-μ$ shadowed random variables with correlated shadowing components. The probability density function (PDF) of this sum is obtained in the form of a power series. The derived PDF is utilized for obtaining the performance results of the maximal ratio combining (MRC) scheme over correlated $κ-μ$ shadowed fading channels. First, we derive the moment generating function (MGF) of the received signal-to-noise ratio of the MRC receiver. By using the derived MGF expression, the analytical diversity order is obtained; it is deduced on the basis of this analysis that the diversity of the MRC receiver over correlated $κ-μ$ shadowed channels depends upon the number of diversity branches and $μ$ parameter. Further, the analytical average bit error rate of the MRC scheme is also derived, which is applicable for $M$-PSK and $M$-QAM constellations. The Shannon capacity of the correlated $κ-μ$ shadowed channels is also derived in the form of the Meijer-G function.
Measurement of Leakage Current to Ground in Programmable Josephson Voltage Standards (2018)

The voltage error associated with the leakage current of programmable Josephson voltage standards (PJVS) is one of the largest contributions to the uncertainty in direct comparison of voltage standards. Due to the parallel biasing scheme of the PJVS and the resulting multiple leakage paths, the quantities “leakage resistance” and “leakage current” are not necessarily equivalent. A method to measure and model the leakage current to ground for a given PJVS output voltage is presented. By upgrading simple components of the NIST system, the leakage current to ground can be reduced from 250 pA to 50 pAat 10 V.