gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conflict-free automated guided vehicles routing based on time window (2010)

To solve conflict-free path planning problem for the Automated Guided Vehicles(AGV) in flexible manufacturing system,by combining advantages of pre-planning algorithm and real-time planning algorithm,a conflict-free AGV routing based on performance-based structural policy was proposed,in which Dijkstra algorithm and time window principle were combined.Every AGV path was scheduled in order.Based on the planned AGV paths,conflict-free routing was achieved by employing the Dijkstra algorithm in the next AGV routing.This algorithm effectively avoided deadlocks and guaranteed optimal path.It responded to new assignment rapidly with better flexibility in dynamic environment.Finally,the algorithm was performed with practical case,which proved to have better robustness,flexibility and efficiency.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PERPIPAAN GAS KOTA UNTUK RUMAH TANGGA PADA APARTEMEN X DI DEPOK (2018)

Gas kota yang berasal dari gas alam dapat menjadi solusi karena Indonesia memiliki cadangan gas alam yang besar. Seiring bertumbuhnya jumlah penduduk, maka kebutuhan energi khususnya untuk rumah tangga akan terus meningkat. Bertumbuhnya penduduk juga memperbesar jumlah tempat tinggal yang harus tersedia dan apartemen atau rumah susun menjadi salah satu solusi yang populer belakangan ini. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini akan diketahui bagaimana rancangan perpipaan distribusi gas kota untuk apartemen yang terbaik. Penelitian ini akan mengambil studi kasus pada apartemen X yang berada di Depok. Penelitian dimulai dengan mengambil data-data seperti menghitung kebutuhan gas kota untuk tiap rumah tangga, dan kondisi operasi gas kota di Depok. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan pipa utama yang digunakan adalah pipa PE SDR 11 63 mm, lalu pipa distribusi tiap sektor menggunakan pipa carbon steel ¾ inch. Kedua ukuran pipa tersebut dapat menghantarkan gas dengan laju alir 0,2 m3/hr yang dibutuhkan tiap unit. Investasi yang dibutuhkan untuk membangun jaringan pipa distribusi gas pada apartemen X adalah Rp. 6,88 miliar rupiah.
Non-apoptotic functions of caspase-7 during osteogenesis (2014)

Caspase-3 and -7 are generally known for their central role in the execution of apoptosis. However, their function is not limited to apoptosis and under specific conditions activation has been linked to proliferation or differentiation of specialised cell types. In the present study, we followed the localisation of the activated form of caspase-7 during intramembranous (alveolar and mandibular bones) and endochondral (long bones of limbs) ossification in mice. In both bone types, the activated form of caspase-7 was detected from the beginning of ossification during embryonic development and persisted postnatally. The bone status was investigated by microCT in both wild-type and caspase-7-deficient adult mice. Intramembranous bone in mutant mice displayed a statistically significant decrease in volume while the mineral density was not altered. Conversely, endochondral bone showed constant volume but a significant decrease in mineral density in caspase-7 knock-out mice. Cleaved caspase-7 was present in a number of cells that did not show signs of apoptosis. PCR array analysis of the mandibular bone of caspase-7-deficient versus wild-type mice pointed to a significant decrease in mRNA levels for Msx1 and Smad1 in early bone formation. These observations might explain the decrease in the alveolar bone volume of adult knock-out mice. In conclusion, this study is the first to report a non-apoptotic function of caspase-7 in osteogenesis and also demonstrates further specificities in endochondral versus intramembranous ossification.
Influence of strong static magnetic fields on primary cortical neurons (2005)

Intense uniform magnetic fields, such as those used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are thought to exert little influence at the cellular level. Here we report modifications of the signaling cascades in rat cortical neurons cultured for 1 h in magnetic fields of up to 5 Tesla. The activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) increases monotonically with field strength, with a maximal activation of ∼10% at 5 T, whereas the activation of extra cellular-regulated kinase (ERK) shows a maximum at 0.75 T (∼10%). Since ERK is involved in cellular differentiation, these results indicate a magnetic induction of the signaling events associated with differentiation. However, the cells respond to further increases in field strength by evoking a stress response, since JNK is a stress-activated protein kinase. Three possible mechanisms are discussed and of these, the most plausible is magnetic field induced change in the membrane rest potential, a microscale magnetohydrodynamic effect. This mechanism most likely involves the activation of voltage dependent Ca2+ channel opening; since intracellular Ca2+ concentration was also found to be modified by the static magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics 27:35–42, 2006. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Active compensator to improve transient response delay for future generation of microprocessor (2003)

Normally, socket inductance is very small and it seldom influences the performance of chips. However, for new generation of microprocessor, the slew rate of load change is so large that the socket inductance response delay is dominant in transient response. The existing of a socket generates large voltage spike under such a load-change transient due to the current response delay of inductance. A novel active compensator is presented to minimize total voltage variation within 2.5% when microprocessor operates at 1V, 100A and 2A/ns of current slew rate with the package capacitance decreasing to less than one-half of Pentium 4 level.
Gravimetric Method for the Determination of Liquid Holdup in Pressurized Trickle-Bed Reactors (2001)

A gravimetric method for the determination of liquid holdup was successfully employed in a high-pressure-operated trickle-bed reactor. The method has proven to be a reliable, fast, and relatively simple way of measuring liquid holdups under high pressures, despite opposite indications of previous works done in this field. A detailed description of the apparatus and measuring procedure is given.
8th International Congress on Biocatalysis (Biocat2016), Hamburg, Germany, 28 August–1 September, 2016 (2016)

The “8th International Congress on Biocatalysis (biocat2016)” is part of a biennial conference series. Biocatalysis is a topic based on the edge of biology and chemistry, which brings together scientists from the life sciences, engineers and computer scientists. This international conference serves as a platform to meet researchers from all over the world, to find collaboration partners for future projects and to gain novel insights into modern topics and techniques. Biocat covers the most exciting aspects and the latest developments in biocatalysis, including enzyme discovery, evolution and application, bioprocess engineering, cascade reaction systems and nanobiotechnology. In 2016, we welcomed 367 expert delegates in the respective fields. Established and young scientists from academia and the industry presented 51 lectures, 37 lightning talks and 234 posters. In addition, the biocat award, which is among the most prestigious awards in the field of biotechnology, has been awarded for the sixth time in the categories “Science in academia”, “Lifetime achievement” and “Industry”.
A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease‐22 Attenuates Hypertrophic Remodeling in Mice Through Inhibition of the Protein Kinase B Signaling Pathway (2018)

The findings demonstrated that ADAM22 negatively regulates the AKT activation and the process of cardiac hypertrophy and may provide new insights into the pathobiological features of cardiac hypertrophy.
Characterization and antimicrobial resistance analysis of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from Italian turkey flocks (2013)

This study investigated the occurrence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) in a finishing turkey commercial farm, carrying out longitudinal surveys involving 3 consecutive flocks. The diversity and the distribution of the E. coli strains detected during colisepticemia outbreaks were examined. The strains were isolated, serogrouped, assessed for the presence of virulence-associated genes, typed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and antimicrobial resistance analysis was then carried out. Escherichia coli O78 and O2 were predominantly found. Moreover, based on the somatic antigens used in the study, strains were recovered that were nontypeable. On one occasion, an E. coli O111 strain was found in turkeys. The E. coli isolates differed in terms of antibiotic resistance and RAPD profile. All strains possessed the virulence genes that enabled them to be considered APEC. Strains not only differed between flocks, but also within the same flock. These findings point out the importance of addressing colibacillosis therapy on the basis of a sensitivity test.
The homology recognition well as an innate property of DNA structure (2009)

Mutual recognition of homologous sequences of DNA before strand exchange is considered to be the most puzzling stage of recombination of genes. In 2001, a mechanism was suggested for a double-stranded DNA molecule to recognize from a distance its homologous match in electrolytic solution without unzipping [Kornyshev AA, Leikin S (2001) Phys Rev Lett 86:3666-3669]. Based on a theory of electrostatic interactions between helical molecules, the difference in the electrostatic interaction energy between homologous duplexes and between nonhomologous duplexes, called the recognition energy, was calculated. Here, we report a theoretical investigation of the form of the potential well that DNA molecules may feel sliding along each other. This well, the bottom of which is determined by the recognition energy, leads to trapping of the molecular tracks of the same homology in direct juxtaposition. A simple formula for the shape of the well is obtained. The well is quasi-exponential. Its half-width is determined by the helical coherence length, introduced first in the same 2001 article, the value of which, as the latest study shows, is approximately 10 nm.
Hereditary Hyperferritinemia Cataract Syndrome: Ocular, Genetic, and Biochemical Findings (2006)

The morphology of cataracts in HHCS seems to be similar in all cases. In the heterozygous G32C mutation, the age at onset of cataracts is very early. Greater awareness of this condition among ophthalmologists will lead to effective family counseling of those affected, by genetic testing or simple biochemical tests. Serum ferritin levels can be effectively used to screen for this condition in suspected families.
Correlation of sidelobe suppression between rugate filters and multilayer mirrors (2007)

We present the study of the correlation between refractive index profiles and the optical response of rugate filters and multilayer mirrors. The conventionally used method in multilayer mirrors for ripple suppression in the passband will be compared with a similar simple method to remove the rugate filter sidelobes without apodization. The resulting layers are compared in performance with a typical quintic matching layer. An example based on silicon oxynitride alloys with refractive indices ranging between 1.47 and 1.83 was designed and deposited.
Preliminary Study on Risk Factors for Morbidity of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in High-Income Male Population (2022)

High-income male population is a high-risk group of NAFLD. Most of the patients with NAFLD have abnormal biochemical indicators as opposed to the healthy population and are more likely to be complicated with other chronic diseases or abnormal health status. And the occurrence of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperuricemia is the risk factor for the development of NAFLD. At the same time, the number of metabolic diseases complicated is also a risk factor for NAFLD as compared with the absence of complications with such metabolic diseases. Compared with a diet that is not greasy, the fact that high-income male NAFLD patients have a very greasy diet increases the risk of NAFLD.
Cyclic Products from Thioureas. Part I. A New Method for Nitro-2-imino-2,3-dihydro-4H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-ones (1965)

The reaction of methyl and ethyl esters of 2-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid with three thioureas has been studied and structures have been assigned to the products.
Low-Dose CT Image Denoising Using a Generative Adversarial Network With Wasserstein Distance and Perceptual Loss (2018)

The continuous development and extensive use of computed tomography (CT) in medical practice has raised a public concern over the associated radiation dose to the patient. Reducing the radiation dose may lead to increased noise and artifacts, which can adversely affect the radiologists' judgment and confidence. Hence, advanced image reconstruction from low-dose CT data is needed to improve the diagnostic performance, which is a challenging problem due to its ill-posed nature. Over the past years, various low-dose CT methods have produced impressive results. However, most of the algorithms developed for this application, including the recently popularized deep learning techniques, aim for minimizing the mean-squared error (MSE) between a denoised CT image and the ground truth under generic penalties. Although the peak signal-to-noise ratio is improved, MSE- or weighted-MSE-based methods can compromise the visibility of important structural details after aggressive denoising. This paper introduces a new CT image denoising method based on the generative adversarial network (GAN) with Wasserstein distance and perceptual similarity. The Wasserstein distance is a key concept of the optimal transport theory and promises to improve the performance of GAN. The perceptual loss suppresses noise by comparing the perceptual features of a denoised output against those of the ground truth in an established feature space, while the GAN focuses more on migrating the data noise distribution from strong to weak statistically. Therefore, our proposed method transfers our knowledge of visual perception to the image denoising task and is capable of not only reducing the image noise level but also trying to keep the critical information at the same time. Promising results have been obtained in our experiments with clinical CT images.
Electrochemical Measurement of Electron Transfer Kinetics by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (2009)

Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 can respire using carbon electrodes and metal oxyhydroxides as electron acceptors, requiring mechanisms for transferring electrons from the cell interior to surfaces located beyond the cell. Although purified outer membrane cytochromes will reduce both electrodes and metals, S. oneidensis also secretes flavins, which accelerate electron transfer to metals and electrodes. We developed techniques for detecting direct electron transfer by intact cells, using turnover and single turnover voltammetry. Metabolically active cells attached to graphite electrodes produced thin (submonolayer) films that demonstrated both catalytic and reversible electron transfer in the presence and absence of flavins. In the absence of soluble flavins, electron transfer occurred in a broad potential window centered at approximately 0 V (versus standard hydrogen electrode), and was altered in single (DeltaomcA, DeltamtrC) and double deletion (DeltaomcA/DeltamtrC) mutants of outer membrane cytochromes. The addition of soluble flavins at physiological concentrations significantly accelerated electron transfer and allowed catalytic electron transfer to occur at lower applied potentials (-0.2 V). Scan rate analysis indicated that rate constants for direct electron transfer were slower than those reported for pure cytochromes (approximately 1 s(-1)). These observations indicated that anodic current in the higher (>0 V) window is due to activation of a direct transfer mechanism, whereas electron transfer at lower potentials is enabled by flavins. The electrochemical dissection of these activities in living cells into two systems with characteristic midpoint potentials and kinetic behaviors explains prior observations and demonstrates the complementary nature of S. oneidensis electron transfer strategies.
Chediak-Higashi gene in humans. I. Impairment of natural - killer function (1980)

Natural-killer (NK)-cell function was profoundly depressed in donors homozygous for the Chediak-Steinbrinck-Higashi syndrome (C-HS) gene when compared with age- and sex-matched normals. This apparent defect was not simply a result of a delayed response because little cytolysis was evident in kinetics experiments even after 24 h of incubation. NK cells from C-HS donors failed to lyse adherent (MDA, CEM, and Alab) or nonadherent (K562 and Molt-4) tumor cell lines or nontransformed human fetal fibroblasts. Therefore, the apparent C-HS defect was not a result of a shift in target selectivities. In addition, the depressed reactivity did not appear to be a result of suppressor cells or factors because: (a) enriched NK populations (nonadherent lymphocytes bearing receptors for the Fc portion of IgG) from C-HS donors were low in NK-cell function, (b) C-HS mononuclear cells did not inhibit the cytotoxicity of normal cells in coculture experiments, and (c) cells from the C-HS donors remained poorly reactive even after culture for up to 7 d. The nature of the defective NK activity in C-HS patients is not clear but may lie within the lytic mechanism rather than at the level of the recognition structure or population size because the frequency of target-binding cells was normal. In vitro NK activity could be partially restored by interferon treatment. Combined with the results presented in the following paper (4), these observations suggest that the C-HS gene causes a selective immunodeficiency disorder, mainly involving NK cells. This finding, in conjunction with the high incidence of spontaneous possibly malignant, lymphoproliferative disorders in these patients, may have important implications regarding the theory of immune surveillance mediated by NK cells.
Microwave Ablation: Principles and Applications (2005)

Microwave ablation is the most recent development in the field of tumor ablation. The technique allows for flexible approaches to treatment, including percutaneous, laparoscopic, and open surgical access. With imaging guidance, the tumor is localized, and a thin (14.5-gauge) microwave antenna is placed directly into the tumor. A microwave generator emits an electromagnetic wave through the exposed, noninsulated portion of the antenna. Electromagnetic microwaves agitate water molecules in the surrounding tissue, producing friction and heat, thus inducing cellular death via coagulation necrosis. The main advantages of microwave technology, when compared with existing thermoablative technologies, include consistently higher intratumoral temperatures, larger tumor ablation volumes, faster ablation times, and an improved convection profile. Microwave ablation has promising potential in the treatment of primary and secondary liver disease, primary and secondary lung malignancies, renal and adrenal tumors, and bone metastases. The technology is still in its infancy, and future developments and clinical implementation will help improve the care of patients with cancer.
In Vivo Identification of the Outer Membrane Protein OmcA−MtrC Interaction Network in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Cells Using Novel Hydrophobic Chemical Cross-Linkers (2008)

Outer membrane (OM) cytochromes OmcA (SO1779) and MtrC (SO1778) are the integral components of electron transfer used by Shewanella oneidensis for anaerobic respiration of metal (hydr)oxides. Here the OmcA-MtrC interaction was identified in vivo using a novel hydrophobic chemical cross-linker (MRN) combined with immunoprecipitation techniques. In addition, identification of other OM proteins from the cross-linked complexes allows first visualization of the OmcA-MtrC interaction network. Further experiments on omcA and mtrC mutant cells showed OmcA plays a central role in the network interaction. For comparison, two commercial cross-linkers were also used in parallel, and both resulted in fewer OM protein identifications, indicating the superior properties of MRN for identification of membrane protein interactions. Finally, comparison experiments of in vivo cross-linking and cell lysate cross-linking resulted in significantly different protein interaction data, demonstrating the importance of in vivo cross-linking for study of protein-protein interactions in cells.
Operational sex ratio affects nest tending and aggression in male flagfish Jordanella floridae Goode & Bean (2008)

Operational sex ratio (OSR, the ratio of sexually active males to fertilizable females at a given time and location) affected male behaviour in the flagfish Jordanella floridae . When OSR was male biased, males spent (1) more time at their nests and (2) more time fanning prior to receiving eggs. Pre‐mating fanning has previously been correlated with male mating success and is hypothesized to be used in female choice in this population. Thus, these results suggest that on average, male flagfish invest more time in behaviour associated with female choice when there are relatively more male competitors. The OSR also affected the frequency of male aggression, and specifically male aggression towards females was more frequent at female‐biased OSR treatments. The observed patterns were dependent upon the direction of OSR bias ( i.e. unbiased, male biased and female biased), and in some cases the intensity of the OSR bias affected the patterns of behaviour. These findings suggest that experimentally detecting effects of OSR is sensitive to the specific OSR values considered, and highlight the importance of considering a range of OSR values in future studies.