gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are substrates of the renal human organic anion transporter 4 (OAT4) (2022)

Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are omnipresent in the environment and have been shown to accumulate in humans. Most PFASs are not biotransformed in animals and humans, so that elimination is largely dependent on non-metabolic clearance via bile and urine. Accumulation of certain PFASs in humans may relate to their reabsorption from the pre-urine by transporter proteins in the proximal tubules of the kidney, such as URAT1 and OAT4. The present study assessed the in vitro transport of 7 PFASs (PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFBS, PFHxS and PFOS) applying URAT1- or OAT4-transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. Virtually no transport of PFASs could be measured in URAT1-transfected HEK cells. All PFASs, except PFBS, showed clear uptake in OAT4-transfected HEK cells. In addition, these in vitro results were further supported by in silico docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies assessing transporter-ligand interactions. Information on OAT4-mediated transport may provide insight into the accumulation potential of PFASs in humans, but other kinetic aspects may play a role and should also be taken into account. Quantitative information on all relevant kinetic processes should be integrated in physiologically based kinetic (PBK) models, to predict congener-specific accumulation of PFASs in humans in a more accurate manner.
Structure and Mechanism of the 6-Oxopurine Nucleosidase from Trypanosoma brucei brucei, (2010)

Trypanosomes are purine-auxotrophic parasites that depend upon nucleoside hydrolase (NH) activity to salvage nitrogenous bases necessary for nucleic acid and cofactor synthesis. Nonspecific and purine-specific NHs have been widely studied, yet little is known about the 6-oxopurine-specific isozymes, although they are thought to play a primary role in the catabolism of exogenously derived nucleosides. Here, we report the first functional and structural characterization of the inosine-guanosine-specific NH from Trypanosoma brucei brucei. The enzyme shows near diffusion-limited efficiency coupled with a clear specificity for 6-oxopurine nucleosides achieved through a catalytic selection of these substrates. Pre-steady-state kinetic analysis reveals ordered product release, and a rate-limiting structural rearrangement that is associated with the release of the product, ribose. The crystal structure of this trypanosomal NH determined to 2.5 Å resolution reveals distinctive features compared to those of both purine- and pyrimidine-specific isozymes in the framework of the conserved and versatile NH fold. Nanomolar iminoribitol-based inhibitors identified in this study represent important lead compounds for the development of novel therapeutic strategies against trypanosomal diseases.
Joint imaging and change detection for robust exploitation in interrupted SAR environments (2013)

Modern radar systems equipped with agile-beam technology support multiple modes of operation, including, for example, tracking, automated target recognition (ATR), and synthetic aperture radar imaging (SAR). In a multimode operating environment, the services compete for radar resources and leave gaps in the coherent collection aperture devoted to SAR imaging. Such gapped collections, referred to as interrupted SAR, typically result in significant image distortion and can substantially degrade subsequent exploitation tasks, such as change detection. In this work we present a new form of exploitation that jointly performs imaging and coherent change detection in interrupted environments. We adopt a Bayesian approach that inherently accommodates different interrupt patterns and compensates for missing data via exploitation of 1) a partially coherent model for reference-pass to mission-pass pixel transitions, and 2) the a priori notion that changes between passes are generally sparse and spatially clustered. We employ approximate message passing for computationally efficient Bayesian inference and demonstrate performance on measured and synthetic SAR data. The results demonstrate near optimal (ungapped) performance with pulse loss rates up to ∼ 50% and highlight orders of magnitude reduction in false alarm rates compared to traditional methods.
Protein Kinase CK2α as an Unfavorable Prognostic Marker and Novel Therapeutic Target in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2007)

These findings strongly suggest protein kinase CK2alpha as an unfavorable prognostic marker and novel therapeutic target in AML.
Bivalent germanium, tin, and lead 2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxides and the crystal and molecular structures of M(OC6H2Me-4-But2-2,6)2 (M = Ge or Sn) (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBivalent germanium, tin, and lead 2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxides and the crystal and molecular structures of M(OC6H2Me-4-But2-2,6)2 (M = Ge or Sn)B. Cetinkaya, I. Gumrukcu, M. F. Lappert, J. L. Atwood, R. D. Rogers, and M. J. ZaworotkoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 6, 2088–2089Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00526a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00526a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views744Altmetric-Citations147LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Programmable Digital Controller (2012)

An existing three-channel analog servo loop controller has been redesigned for piezoelectric-transducer-based (PZT-based) etalon control applications to a digital servo loop controller. This change offers several improvements over the previous analog controller, including software control over proportional-integral-derivative (PID) parameters, inclusion of other data of interest such as temperature and pressure in the control laws, improved ability to compensate for PZT hysteresis and mechanical mount fluctuations, ability to provide pre-programmed scanning and stepping routines, improved user interface, expanded data acquisition, and reduced size, weight, and power.
Evolution of 3D Games on Mobile Phones (2005)

While there is no doubt that there will be an increasing trend towards 3D games on mobile devices the resource constraints of the devices themselves and the highly variable nature of the environment present considerable challenges for games developers. In this paper we consider some of the current constraints together with current and, probable, future developments both in the software and hardware of mobile phones that will enable more sophisticated games to be developed. As part of this process we benchmark some of the latest and most prevalent software and devices to ascertain both the quality of the graphics produced and the effects on the battery life. Whilst we are certain that 3D games play an important future in the success of future mobile services the current baseline for development is highly variable and presents difficulties for games programmers both in development and wide scale distribution.
Using a Probabilistic Topic Model to Link Observers' Perception Tendency to Personality (2013)

Targeting multiparty conversations, the present study aims to elucidate how an observer will tend to perceive others' emotional states, develops a computational model that realizes the automatic inferencing of the observer's perception tendency. This paper proposes a probabilistic model that automatically discovers the correlation between perception tendency, gender, and personality traits of a target observer. Perception tendency, a probability distribution, explains how likely the observer is to perceive a certain state/level of a target emotion. Personality traits are measured by a variety of questionnaires. The proposed model links these three factors via a latent variable and explains observer's characteristics as a mixture of prototypical characters. An experiment is conducted with fifty observers. They watch 97 short conversation videos and give their impressions about the empathy between each interacting pair. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can find a reasonable framework that underlies the factors: e.g. 1) people who have high scores in Davis's empathy measures show empathy-biased response tendency, and 2) people who have strong sense of consideration for others tend to show an extreme response tendency, and such people are likely to be females. The proposed method shows promise in estimating an observer's perception tendency from his/her gender and personality traits, even when the target perception tendency is quite different from the average perception tendency among observers.
An unexpected role for caspase-2 in neuroblastoma (2014)

Caspase-2 has been implicated in various cellular functions, including cell death by apoptosis, oxidative stress response, maintenance of genomic stability and tumor suppression. The loss of the caspase-2 gene (Casp2) enhances oncogene-mediated tumorigenesis induced by E1A/Ras in athymic nude mice, and also in the Eμ-Myc lymphoma and MMTV/c-neu mammary tumor mouse models. To further investigate the function of caspase-2 in oncogene-mediated tumorigenesis, we extended our studies in the TH-MYCN transgenic mouse model of neuroblastoma. Surprisingly, we found that loss of caspase-2 delayed tumorigenesis in the TH-MYCN neuroblastoma model. In addition, tumors from TH-MYCN/Casp2(-/-) mice were predominantly thoracic paraspinal tumors and were less vascularized compared with tumors from their TH-MYCN/Casp2(+/+) counterparts. We did not detect any differences in the expression of neuroblastoma-associated genes in TH-MYCN/Casp2(-/-) tumors, or in the activation of Ras/MAPK signaling pathway that is involved in neuroblastoma progression. Analysis of expression array data from human neuroblastoma samples showed a correlation between low caspase-2 levels and increased survival. However, caspase-2 levels correlated with clinical outcome only in the subset of MYCN-non-amplified human neuroblastoma. These observations indicate that caspase-2 is not a suppressor in MYCN-induced neuroblastoma and suggest a tissue and context-specific role for caspase-2 in tumorigenesis.
Total synthesis of dregamine and epidregamine. A general route to 2-acylindole alkaloids (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of dregamine and epidregamine. A general route to 2-acylindole alkaloidsJames P. Kutney, Gunter K. Eigendorf, Hajime Matsue, Akio Murai, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Wing L. Sung, Kojiro Wada, and Brian R. WorthCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 3, 938–943Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00471a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00471a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views495Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A case for exploiting subarray-level parallelism (SALP) in DRAM (2012)

Modern DRAMs have multiple banks to serve multiple memory requests in parallel. However, when two requests go to the same bank, they have to be served serially, exacerbating the high latency of off-chip memory. Adding more banks to the system to mitigate this problem incurs high system cost. Our goal in this work is to achieve the benefits of increasing the number of banks with a low cost approach. To this end, we propose three new mechanisms that overlap the latencies of different requests that go to the same bank. The key observation exploited by our mechanisms is that a modern DRAM bank is implemented as a collection of subarrays that operate largely independently while sharing few global peripheral structures. Our proposed mechanisms (SALP-1, SALP-2, and MASA) mitigate the negative impact of bank serialization by overlapping different components of the bank access latencies of multiple requests that go to different subarrays within the same bank. SALP-1 requires no changes to the existing DRAM structure and only needs reinterpretation of some DRAM timing parameters. SALP-2 and MASA require only modest changes (&lt; 0.15% area overhead) to the DRAM peripheral structures, which are much less design constrained than the DRAM core. Evaluations show that all our schemes significantly improve performance for both single-core systems and multi-core systems. Our schemes also interact positively with application-aware memory request scheduling in multi-core systems.
Experimental evidence for a kinetic model of hydrogen incorporation into sputtered a-Si films (1981)

The dependence of hydrogen content, on the partial pressure of hydrogen, substrate bias, deposition rate, and deposition temperature was found to be consistent with a kinetic model of hydrogen incorporation into a‐SiHx films, produced by reactive sputtering in an Ar+H plasma.
A Review on Deep Learning Approaches for 3D Data Representations in Retrieval and Classifications (2020)

Deep learning approach has been used extensively in image analysis tasks. However, implementing the methods in 3D data is a bit complex because most of the previously designed deep learning architectures used 1D or 2D as input. In this work, the performance of deep learning methods on different 3D data representations has been reviewed. Based on the categorization of the different 3D data representations proposed in this paper, the importance of choosing a suitable 3D data representation which depends on simplicity, usability, and efficiency has been highlighted. Furthermore, the origin and contents of the major 3D datasets were discussed in detail. Due to growing interest in 3D object retrieval and classification tasks, the performance of different 3D object retrieval and classification on ModelNet40 dataset were compared. According to the findings in this work, multi views methods surpass voxel-based methods and with increased layers and enough data augmentation the performance can still be increased. Therefore, it can be concluded that deep learning together with a suitable 3D data representation gives an effective approach for improving the performance of 3D shape analysis. Finally, some possible directions for future researches were suggested.
Video-rate acquisition fluorescence microscopy via generative adversarial networks (2020)

Laser scanning microscopy is a powerful imaging modality ideal for monitoring spatial and temporal dynamics in both in vitro and in vivo models. To accurately resolve dynamic changes, particular to the neuroimaging field, fast acquisition rates are in great need. Unfortunately, the video-rate acquisition required to capture these changes comes with a trade-off between resolution, high spatial distortion, and low signal-to-noise ratio due to the electronics and Poisson noise. By combining microscopy fast acquisition methods with a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), we show here, for the first time, that video-rate image acquisition, up to 20x the speed of equivalent standard high resolution acquisition, can be obtained without significant reduction in image quality. Specifically, we present a GAN based training approach that is able to simultaneously 1) super-resolve, 2) denoise and 3) correct distortion on fast scanning acquisition microscopy images. In addition, we show that our method generalizes on unseen data, requires minimal ground truth images for training and can easily be fine-tuned on different biological samples.
PROBABLE AIRCRAFT “TRIGGERING” OF LIGHTNING IN CERTAIN THUNDERSTORMS (1967)

Three aircraft have been used t o study the lightning and related cloud physics properties of Florida thunderstorms. The average probability of a lightning strike to the storm penetration aircraft was 0.021, based on the ratio of aircraft strikes t o total number of strikes during penetration periods. On 2 exceptional days, the probability increased to 1.00 and 0.50. These storms were found to be in a n early dissipating stage. The results appear to confirm the suggestion of L. P. Harrison that an aircraft may act to initiate streamers and lightning discharges by suddenly augmenting the field in a localized region in the storm. This effect is most likely to occur shortly after the storm activity has diminished to the point where natural streamer formation is difficult.
Novel antibiotic combinations proposed for treatment of Burkholderia cepacia complex infections (2017)

Effective strategies to manage <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> complex (Bcc) infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are lacking. We tested combinations of clinically available antibiotics and show that moxifloxacin-ceftazidime could inhibit 16 Bcc clinical isolates at physiologically achievable concentrations. Adding low dose of colistin improved the efficacy of the combo, especially at conditions mimicking CF respiratory secretions.
The Boggs Shooting and Attempted Extradition: Joseph Smith’s Most Famous Case (2009)

When Missouri governor Lilburn Boggs accused Joseph Smith (founder of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints) of being the mastermind behind his attempted assassination in 1842, Joseph Smith's enemies tried to extradite him to Missouri for trial three times. Each time, Joseph successfully appealed to the laws of the land and exerted self-preserving political influence through the Nauvoo City Council to avoid extradition. This article examines closely the second of the three cases, illuminating how Joseph Smith emerged temporarily victorious but ultimately turned public opinion against himself. The public viewed the Prophet as taking advantage of legal loopholes to escape justice and felt threatened by his political power. The much-publicized legal proceedings stirred up greater anti-Mormon sentiment toward the Saints and contributed to heated persecutions and, eventually, Joseph Smith's martyrdom.
Computer system isolates faults (1983)

Maintaining transaction processing systems in continuous operation, a minicomputer system made by tolerant systems detects and isolates faults, then transfers work loads to the appropriate backup resource. An eternity system is actually 1 to 15 computer systems, called system building blocks, interconnected by a communication network. Modularity is provided by tolerant's flexible architecture technique. This allows a user to expand system capacity with nondedicated computers which can be assigned to tasks such as increasing processing power, user accessibility and database size as dictated by needs. The loosely-coupled nature of the system increases reliability.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ROAD ACCIDENTS ON LOWER CATEGORY OF ROADS IN INDIA (2001)

Accidents on rural roads in India are not well documented. From 1983-1989, lower category roads had the highest proportion of road accidents. Studies in the relatively prosperous state of Haryana in 1992 are described. Accidents involving vulnerable road users were higher on lower category roads than on state highways. Although speeds were lower on lower category roads, the proportion of vulnerable road user was higher and injuries in this group were likely to be severe. Overall, deaths and injuries were lower on lower category roads than on state highways. Hit and run cases were more frequent on lower category roads. Recommendations include better accident reporting, strengthening road shoulders, pavement repair, making cyclists more conspicuous, and educating road users. By-passes and better emergency services were also suggested.
Cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: a sensitive parameter to study cell death. (1997)

Proteases play a crucial role in apoptosis or programmed cell death. The aim of this review is to highlight the purpose for which these proteases are activated, i.e., to specifically cleave a select subset of cellular proteins at an appropriate time during cell death. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a nuclear protein implicated in DNA repair, is one of the earliest proteins targeted for a specific cleavage to the signature 89-kDa fragment during apoptosis. Characterization of the apoptotic cleavage of PARP and other target proteins helped in understanding the role of cysteine aspartic acid specific proteases (caspases) in the apoptotic process. We have recently identified that in some models of cell death, the cleavage pattern for PARP is different from production of the signature 89-kDa fragment. Necrotic death of HL-60 cells and apoptotic death of Jurkat cells mediated by granzyme B and perforin were accompanied by distinct additional fragments, suggesting cleavage of PARP at other sites by caspases or other death proteases. This review summarizes how detection and characterization of PARP cleavage could serve as a sensitive parameter for identification of different types of cell death and as a marker for activation of different death proteases. The putative biological functions for early cleavage of PARP in apoptosis are also discussed.
Application des potentiels : à l'etude de l'equilibre et du mouvement des solides élastiques (1885)

Book digitized by Google from the library of the University of Michigan and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.