gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interconnect Lifetime Prediction for Reliability-Aware Systems (2007)

Thermal effects are becoming a limiting factor in high-performance circuit design due to the strong temperature dependence of leakage power, circuit performance, IC package cost, and reliability. While many interconnect reliability models assume a constant temperature, this paper analyzes the effects of temporal and spatial thermal gradients on interconnect lifetime in terms of electromigration, and presents a physics-based dynamic reliability model which returns reliability equivalent temperature and current density that can be used in traditional reliability analysis tools. The model is verified with numerical simulations and reveals that blindly using the maximum temperature leads to too pessimistic lifetime estimation. Therefore, the proposed model not only increases the accuracy of reliability estimates, but also enables designers to reclaim design margin in reliability-aware design. In addition, the model is useful for improving the performance of temperature-aware runtime management by modeling system lifetime as a resource to be consumed at a stress-dependent rate
TPS1Terminator Increases mRNA and Protein Yield in aSaccharomyces cerevisiaeExpression System (2011)

Both terminators and promoters regulate gene expression. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the TPS1 terminator (TPS1t), coupled to a gene encoding a fluorescent protein, produced more transgenic mRNA and protein than did similar constructs containing other terminators, such as CYC1t, TDH3t, and PGK1t. This suggests that TPS1t can be used as a general terminator in the development of metabolically engineered yeast in high-yield systems.
<title>Effect of synthetic jet arrays on boundary layer control</title> (1999)

An investigation into the interaction of a synthetic jet actuator array with a thick, turbulent boundary layer was conducted and the results are presented here. This paper documents an experimental effort that was directed towards improving the understanding of synthetic jet actuator arrays and the mechanism by which these actuators control flows at scales much larger than themselves. Of specific interest in the interaction of a synthetic jet flow and the boundary layer flow on a flat or curved wall where the axis of the synthetic jet is perpendicular to the direction of the oncoming flow. The investigation addressed, in broad terms, a typical control application involving internal flows. A synthesis of the results will provide guidance and direction in future actuator designs and implementation strategies, and feed design input to test plans for an extensive study of actuator control effects in a duct with variable pressure gradient and variable streamline curvature.
Parabolic-Antenna Design for Microwaves (1947)

This paper is intended to give fundamental relations and design criteria for parabolic radiators at microwave frequencies (i.e., wavelengths between 1 and 10 centimeters). The frst part of the paper discusses the properties of the parabola which make it useful as a directional antenna, and the relation of phase polarization and amplitude of primary illumination to the over-all radiation characteristics. In the second part, the characteristics of practical feed systems for parabolic antennas are discussed.
Complementary Combining Site Contact Residue Mutations of the Anti-digoxin Fab 26–10 Permit High Affinity Wild-type Binding (2002)

Antibody 26-10, obtained in a secondary immune response, binds digoxin with high affinity (K(a) = 1.3 x 10(10) M(-1)) because of extensive shape complementarity. We demonstrated previously that mutations of the hapten contact residue HTrp-100 to Arg (where H refers to the heavy chain) resulted in increased specificity for digoxin analogs substituted at the cardenolide 16 position. However, mutagenesis of H:CDR1 did not result in such a specificity change despite the proximity of the H:CDR1 hapten contact residue Asn-35 to the cardenolide 16 position. Here we constructed a bacteriophage-displayed library containing randomized mutations at H chain residues 30-35 in a 26-10 mutant containing Arg-100 (26-10-RRALD). Phage were selected by panning against digoxin, gitoxin (16-OH), and 16-acetylgitoxin coupled to bovine serum albumin. Clones that retained wild-type Asn at position 35 showed preferred binding to gitoxin, like the 26-10-RRALD parent. In contrast, clones containing Val-35 selected mainly on digoxin-bovine serum albumin demonstrated a shift back to wild-type specificity. Several clones containing Val-35 bound digoxin with increased affinity, approaching that of the wild type in a few instances, in contrast to the mutation Val-35 in the wild-type 26-10 background, which reduces affinity for digoxin 90-fold. It has therefore proven possible to reorder the 26-10 binding site by mutations including two major contact residues on opposite sides of the site and yet to retain high affinity for binding for digoxin. Thus, even among antibodies that have undergone affinity maturation in vivo, different structural solutions to high affinity binding may be revealed.
Robustness study of noisy annotation in deep learning based medical image segmentation (2020)

Partly due to the use of exhaustive-annotated data, deep networks have achieved impressive performance on medical image segmentation. Medical imaging data paired with noisy annotation are, however, ubiquitous, but little is known about the effect of noisy annotation on deep learning based medical image segmentation. We studied the effect of noisy annotation in the context of mandible segmentation from CT images. First, 202 images of head and neck cancer patients were collected from our clinical database, where the organs-at-risk were annotated by one of twelve planning dosimetrists. The mandibles were roughly annotated as the planning avoiding structure. Then, mandible labels were checked and corrected by a head and neck specialist to get the reference standard. At last, by varying the ratios of noisy labels in the training set, deep networks were trained and tested for mandible segmentation. The trained models were further tested on other two public datasets. Experimental results indicated that the network trained with noisy labels had worse segmentation than that trained with reference standard, and in general, fewer noisy labels led to better performance. When using 20% or less noisy cases for training, no significant difference was found on the segmentation results between the models trained by noisy or reference annotation. Cross-dataset validation results verified that the models trained with noisy data achieved competitive performance to that trained with reference standard. This study suggests that the involved network is robust to noisy annotation to some extent in mandible segmentation from CT images. It also highlights the importance of labeling quality in deep learning. In the future work, extra attention should be paid to how to utilize a small number of reference standard samples to improve the performance of deep learning with noisy annotation.
Public Health Responses to the Risks of Climate Variability and Change in the United States (2009)

Explicit consideration of climate change is needed in the many programs and research activities within federal, state, and local agencies that are relevant to adaptation to ensure that they have maximum effectiveness in reducing future vulnerability to the projected health impacts of climate change.
3-Year results of a collaborative school-based oral health program in a remote First Nations community (2008)

A community- and university-supported, school-based, collaborative oral health program improved oral health and knowledge among children in a remote First Nations community.
Machine Design, Control and Performance of Automated Computer-Aided Manufacturing of Laminated Engineering Materials (1998)

This paper describes machine design and control aspects of automating a viable CAM-LEM layered manufacturing process. The cut-then-stack sheet-based approach permits using sheet materials of different thicknesses, enabling optimization of build speed. Further, this cut-then-stack approach offers the possibility of assembling parts with multiple materials interleaved both layer-to-Iayer as well as within each layer. The key to realizing these prospective advantages is precise and reliable extraction and assembly of laser-cut regions from sheet feedstock. This paper presents our design approach and examples created on an automated CAM-LEM machine. It will be shown that the use of fugitive materials, automatically assembled interleaved with engineering materials, is feasible, allowing fabrication of laminated components with internal cusps and voids and improving the dimensional stability of components during post-processing. Results of this work are presented and applications of the technology are reviewed. Extensions to tangent-cut thick-sheet interleaved assemblies are described.
UROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF RENAL TRANSPLANT IN A LIVE RELATED TRANSPLANT PROGRAMME (2010)

Mehdi, S. H.; Hashmi, A.; Askari, S. H.; Hussain, M.; Lal, M.; Mohsin, R.; Hussain, Z.; Rizvi, S. A.H. Author Information
Efficacy, Adverse Events, and Treatment Discontinuations in Fluoxetine Clinical Studies of Major Depression (2000)

These data affirm that fluoxetine at 20 mg/day is efficacious, safe, and of similar activation potential when compared with placebo in patients with major depression.
A gene conversion located 5' to the A gamma gene in linkage disequilibrium with the Bantu haplotype in sickle cell anemia. (1989)

Cloning and sequencing of the gamma-globin gene of a sickle cell anemia patient homozygous for the Bantu haplotype has revealed a gene conversion that involves the replacement of an A gamma sequence by a G gamma sequence in the promoter area of the A gamma gene. This event is similar to another gene conversion believed to be responsible for the very high homology between gamma-globin genes, suggesting that the promoter area of these genes is prone to this type of genetic rearrangement. Further analysis demonstrated that the chromosome bearing this gene conversion has a very high frequency among Bantu chromosomes and a very low or nil frequency in other haplotypes linked to the beta s gene. No correlation was found between the G gamma/A gamma ratio and the presence of the gene conversion among Bantu haplotype patients, thus excluding a portion of the gamma gene sequence in the determination of this ratio.
Polarized x-ray absorption spectra of oriented plastocyanin single crystals. Investigation of methionine-copper coordination (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolarized x-ray absorption spectra of oriented plastocyanin single crystals. Investigation of methionine-copper coordinationRobert A. Scott, James E. Hahn, Sebastian Doniach, Hans C. Freeman, and Keith O. HodgsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 20, 5364–5369Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00384a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00384a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views250Altmetric-Citations98LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Pediatric Patient With Concurrent Eosinophilic Esophagitis, Erosive Reflux Esophagitis, and Barrett's Esophagus (2020)

Eosinophilic esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus are believed to be separate disease processes, with erosive esophagitis leading to Barrett's esophagus. We report a rare case of concurrent diagnoses in a pediatric patient and examine the relevant genetic profiles in the esophagus.
End-to-end automated microfluidic platform for synthetic biology: from design to functional analysis (2016)

Taken together, we demonstrate the microfluidic platform's potential to provide end-to-end solutions for synthetic biology research, from design to functional analysis.
Social economics of childhood glucocorticoid stress response and health (1997)

This study examines socioeconomic conditions, psychosocial stress, and health among 264 infants, children, adolescents, and young adults aged 2 months to 18 years residing in a rural Caribbean village. Fieldwork was conducted over a 9 year period (1988-1996). Research methods and techniques include salivary cortisol radioimmunoassay (N = 22,438), systematic behavioral observations, psychological questionnaires, health evaluations, medical records, informal interviews, and participant observation. Analyses of data indicate complex relations among socioeconomic conditions, stress, and health. Household income, land ownership, parental education, and other socioeconomic measures are weakly associated with child illness. There is no evidence that apparent material benefits of high socioeconomic status--such as improved housing, diet, work loads, and access to private healthcare--have important direct effects on child health in this population. However, social relationships, especially family environment, may have important effects on childhood psychosocial stress and illness. Abnormal glucocorticoid response profiles, diminished immunity, and frequent illness are associated with unstable mating relationships for parents/caretakers and household composition. We suggest that family relationships and concomitant stress and immunosuppression are important intermediary links between socioeconomic conditions and child health.
Semantics and algorithms for data-dependent grammars (2010)

We present the design and theory of a new parsing engine, YAKKER, capable of satisfying the many needs of modern programmers and modern data processing applications. In particular, our new parsing engine handles (1) full scannerless context-free grammars with (2) regular expressions as right-hand sides for defining nonterminals. YAKKER also includes (3) facilities for binding variables to intermediate parse results and (4) using such bindings within arbitrary constraints to control parsing. These facilities allow the kind of data-dependent parsing commonly needed in systems applications, particularly those that operate over binary data. In addition, (5) nonterminals may be parameterized by arbitrary values, which gives the system good modularity and abstraction properties in the presence of data-dependent parsing. Finally, (6) legacy parsing libraries,such as sophisticated libraries for dates and times, may be directly incorporated into parser specifications. We illustrate the importance and utility of this rich collection of features by presenting its use on examples ranging from difficult programming language grammars to web server logs to binary data specification. We also show that our grammars have important compositionality properties and explain why such properties areimportant in modern applications such as automatic grammar induction.
Weakly-Coupled Oscillators with Long-Distance Correlation as a Model of Human Atrial Fibrillation (2021)

I. ABSTRACT Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is a chronic, progressive, and heterogeneous disease, which exhibits irregular and chaotic atrial electrical activity. The exact mechanisms of AF have remained elusive. The complexity of the atrial signals, irregular period, and the non-local nature of AF make it very difficult to characterize its spatiotemporal organization. This paper presents a set of data-processing tools to find and evaluate the intracardiac signals in AF based on synchronization theory. Specifically, a graph-theoretical algorithm is developed to prune spurious detections of atrial complexes (spikes). The processing pipeline was applied to 10 intracardiac recordings obtained during ablation procedures in patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF. The AF cases were classified into three main types. Type I (n=3) is defined as the presence of a single driver that dominates both atria and is consistent with the mother rotor hypothesis. The majority of the cases had more than one driver and were classified as types II (n=4) and III (n=3). The drivers, i.e., the interacting organized areas, in type II have significantly different peak frequencies and are only weakly coupled. The drivers in type III have close frequencies, are moderately interacting, and show evidence of transient intermittent phase-locking (intermittency). In addition, a long-distance correlation between channels from the left and right atria was observed. The theory of synchronization is a useful conceptual framework to process and analyze AF and can provide mechanistic insight into AF and the effect of various interventions.
Evaluation of three formulations of fenbendazole (10% suspension, 0.5% pellets, and 20% premix) against nematode infections in cattle (1986)

Anthelmintic efficacies of 3 formulations of fenbendazole were evaluated in cattle naturally parasitized with nematodes: a 10% oral suspension, 0.5% pellets as a top dressing on feed, and a 20% premix. All formulations of fenbendazole were greater than 99% effective in removing adults of Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia spp, Cooperia spp, and Oesophagostomum radiatum. Fenbendazole was greater than 96% effective in removing adults of Strongyloides papillosus and greater than 85% effective in the removal of Trichuris sp. Fenbendazole was greater than 96% effective against immature nematodes, which were thought to be primarily Cooperia spp. Adverse reactions were not observed in calves treated with the 3 formulations of fenbendazole.
Antenna Research Directions for 6G : A brief overview through sampling literature (2021)

Antennas are a critical component in any wireless link. The significance of their role continues to grow, together with the rise of machine-to-machine (M2M) communications and telecommunications starting to shift from the fourth generation (4G, or Long-Term Evolution, LTE) into the fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G), and also due to the prominence of the convenience promised by the ubiquitous wireless communications. The antennas, or more precisely their large size and appearance, also become a subject of public debate, leading to the need for better antennas, which are can do both: provide high performance and offer visually attractive or nearly invisible/transparent designs. This work reviews several key research trends in antennas to fulfill these demands for the fifth generation of communications (5G) and beyond, especially 6G, and considers novel antenna techniques and designs needed to increase the smartness of the antenna systems and to provide improved beamforming and security.
Robot and sensor networks for first responders (2004)

The need to collect, integrate, and communicate information effectively in emergency response scenarios exceeds the state of the art in information technology. This emergency response problem provides an interesting and important test bed for studying networks of distributed mobile robots and sensors. Here, we describe the component technologies required to deploy a networked-robot system that can augment human firefighters and first responders, significantly enhancing their firefighting capabilities. In a burning building at a firefighting training facility, we deployed a network of stationary Mote sensors, mobile robots with cameras, and stationary radio tags to test their ability to guide firefighters to targets and warn them of potential dangers. Our long-term vision is a physical network that can sense, move, compute, and reason, letting network users (firefighters and first responders) Google for physical information - that is, information about the location and properties of physical objects in the real world.
Observation of plasmonic breathers propagation in a two-level system (2017)

Two-level coupled systems are commonly used to describe the dynamics of a variety of physical phenomena in coupled systems, such as spin ½ systems, electron population of atomic levels, coupled waveguides and more [1]. The system is usually described by two eigenmodes - symmetric and anti-symmetric, which when excited will propagate through the system unchanged. Such two-mode dynamics was also shown in plasmonic system, where plasmonic eigenmodes, known as long- and short-range surface plasmons, has been observed on Insulator-Metal-Insulator (IMI) and Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) waveguides [2]. However, when the system is excited with a superposition of the eigenmodes, it exhibits a more interesting and dynamical behavior, where the modes can exchange energy and change spatially with propagation [3]. Yet, such excitation, which requires the symmetry of excitation to be broken, is challenging and as far as we know has not been explored nor observed.
Lower dosage of aspirin promotes cell growth and osteogenic differentiation in murine bone marrow stromal cells (2016)

A lower dosage of aspirin could promote ST2 cell growth, osteogenic differentiation, and inhibit their apoptosis which indicates that aspirin can be used as an alternative for bone regeneration.
Improving Right Ventricular Function by Increasing BMP Signaling with FK506 (2021)

Right ventricular (RV) function is the predominant determinant of survival in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In preclinical models, pharmacological activation of BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling with FK506 (tacrolimus) improved RV function by decreasing RV afterload. FK506 therapy further stabilized three patients with end-stage PAH. Whether FK506 has direct effects on the pressure-overloaded right ventricle is yet unknown. We hypothesized that increasing cardiac BMP signaling with FK506 improves RV structure and function in a model of fixed RV afterload after pulmonary artery banding (PAB). Direct cardiac effects of FK506 on the microvasculature and RV fibrosis were studied after surgical PAB in wild-type and heterozygous <i>Bmpr2</i> mutant mice. RV function and strain were assessed longitudinally via cardiac magnetic resonance imaging during continuous FK506 infusion. Genetic lineage tracing of endothelial cells (ECs) was performed to assess the contribution of ECs to fibrosis. Molecular mechanistic studies were performed in human cardiac fibroblasts and ECs. In mice, low BMP signaling in the right ventricle exaggerated PAB-induced RV fibrosis. FK506 therapy restored cardiac BMP signaling, reduced RV fibrosis in a BMP-dependent manner independent from its immunosuppressive effect, preserved RV capillarization, and improved RV function and strain over the time course of disease. Endothelial mesenchymal transition was a rare event and did not significantly contribute to cardiac fibrosis after PAB. Mechanistically, FK506 required ALK1 in human cardiac fibroblasts as a BMPR2 co-receptor to reduce TGFβ1-induced proliferation and collagen production. Our study demonstrates that increasing cardiac BMP signaling with FK506 improves RV structure and function independent from its previously described beneficial effects on pulmonary vascular remodeling.