gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nucleotide stress responses in neural crest cell fate and melanoma (2021)

Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. While clinical developments have significantly improved patient prognosis, effective treatment is often obstructed by limited response rates, intrinsic or acquired resistance to therapy, and adverse events. Melanoma initiation and progression are associated with transcriptional reprogramming of melanocytes to a cell state that resembles the lineage from which the cells are specified during development, that is the neural crest. Convergence to a neural crest cell (NCC)-like state revealed the therapeutic potential of targeting developmental pathways for the treatment of melanoma. Neural crest cells have a unique sensitivity to metabolic dysregulation, especially nucleotide depletion. Mutations in the pyrimidine biosynthesis enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) particularly affect neural crest-derived tissues and cause Miller syndrome, a genetic disorder characterized by craniofacial malformations in patients. The developmental susceptibility of the neural crest to nucleotide deficiency is conserved in melanoma and provides a metabolic vulnerability that can be exploited for therapeutic purposes. We review the current knowledge on nucleotide stress responses in neural crest and melanoma and discuss how the recent scientific advances that have improved our understanding of transcriptional regulation during nucleotide depletion can impact melanoma treatment.
Contaminated Well Water: A Risk Factor ForHelicobacter Pylori Infection (2004)

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection occurs worldwide but the transmission of this human gastric pathogen remains poorly understood. Risk factors are sociodemographic- and hygiene-related with faecal-oral and oral-oral routes as likely modes of transmission. Based on epidemiological studies, water supplies have been identified as possible reservoirs to acquire the bacterium. Our laboratory has conducted H. pylori studies, including a microbiological examination of untreated well water. This study investigated the possible transmission of H. pylori among asymptomatic individuals using/drinking these well waters. The study consisted of a self-administered or parent-completed questionnaire (age-dependent), eliciting information on lifestyle habits and their use/drinking the well water as well as the H. pylori [ 13 C]urea breath test. Applying household cluster sampling, a total of 91 subjects (44 users of H. pylori positively and 47 negatively tested wells) were screened for their H. pylori status. The group was comprised of 42 males and 49 females, i.e., 73 adults and 19 children under the age of 18 (mean age 39.5 years with a range between 3-80 years). Logistic regression analyses identified the drinking of well water as the significant risk factor for a positive colonisation status [Odds Ratio (OR)=8.3; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.4-29.0; p<0.001]. The acquisition of the H. pylori pathogen from well water appears to be age-dependent (Chi 2 27.7,
Strong Edge Coloring for Channel Assignment in Wireless Radio Networks (2006)

We give efficient sequential and distributed approximation algorithms for strong edge coloring graphs modeling wireless networks. Strong edge coloring is equivalent to computing a conflict-free assignment of channels or frequencies to pairwise links between transceivers in the network
Bortezomib inhibits tumor adaptation to hypoxia by stimulating the FIH-mediated repression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (2008)

Bortezomib (PS-341), a proteasome inhibitor, has been examined clinically for the treatment of multiple myeloma and several solid tumors. Bortezomib directly induces tumor cell death and has also been reported to inhibit tumor adaptation to hypoxia by functionally inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha). However, the mechanism underlying HIF-1 inhibition by bortezomib remains obscure. In the present study, we demonstrated that bortezomib attenuated the hypoxic induction of erythropoietin and vascular endothelial growth factor at subnanomolar concentrations in multiple myeloma and liver cancer cell lines, regardless of cytotoxic concentrations of bortezomib. Bortezomib repressed HIF-1alpha activity by inhibiting the recruitment of p300 coactivator. Specifically, bortezomib targeted HIF-1alpha C-terminal transactivation domain (CAD) but not the CAD lacking Asn803, which is a hydroxylation site by the factor inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH). Accordingly, this effect of bortezomib on CAD was augmented by FIH expression and abolished by FIH knock-down. Furthermore, bortezomib stimulated the interaction between CAD and FIH under hypoxic conditions, and FIH inhibition reversed the suppressions of erythropoietin and vascular endothelial growth factor by bortezomib. We propose that the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of bortezomib on tumor angiogenesis and hypoxic adaptation involves the repression of HIF-1alpha transcriptional activity by reinforcing the FIH-mediated inhibition of p300 recruitment.
Multi-functional serial communication interface design based on FPGA (2017)

Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), Inter-Integrated Circuit (IIC) and Electronic Industry Association Recommended Standard-232 (EIA-RS-232) are universal serial communication interfaces, which have different communication protocols. Respective environment and conditions are applicable to each of them. This paper firstly introduces the structure and working principle of the three kinds of serial interface, compares the similarities and differences of them, also analyzes their respective time sequences and communication protocols. Then use the verilog hardware description language to design a multi-function serial interface can be controlled flexibly, which realize the function of the three interfaces respectively. Finally through the simulation the paper get the simulation waveforms. And according to the simulation waveform analysis, the design of the function of the module is proved to be correct. Furthermore, when realized the multi-function serial interface in the FPGA platform, it may saves a number of hardware resources compared with the three independent serial communication interfaces.
Traditional Chinese herbal medicines for treatment of liver fibrosis and cancer: from laboratory discovery to clinical evaluation (2007)

Liver disease afflicts over 10% of the world population. This includes chronic hepatitis, alcoholic steatosis, fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which are the most health-threatening conditions drawing considerable attention from medical professionals and scientists. Patients with alcoholism or viral hepatitis are much more likely to have liver cell damage and cirrhosis, and some may eventually develop HCC, which is unfortunately, and very often, a fatal malignancy without cure. While liver surgery is not suitable in many of the HCC cases, patients are mostly given palliative support cares or transarterial chemoembolization or systemic chemotherapies. However, HCC is well known to be a highly chemoresistant tumour, and the response rate is <10-20%. To this end, alternative medicines are being actively sought from other sources with hopes to halt the disease's progression or even eliminate the tumours. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine has begun to gain popularity worldwide for promoting healthcare as well as disease prevention, and been used as conventional or complementary medicines for both treatable and incurable diseases in Asia and the West. In this article, we discuss the laboratory findings and clinical trial studies of Chinese herbal medicines (particularly small molecule compounds) for the treatment of liver disease ranging from fibrosis to liver cancer.
Intermixed Product and Service Boundaries: Exploring Servitization in Sheet Metal Industry (2016)

In the sheet metal industry, single machines or more complex production systems are integrated with a software needed to control them. While it is clear both for the company and the client that the machine is a product offered with the related services, the software deserves more attention. In the company where our team has been involved in an action research program, the software is conceived as a product with its related services, but this concept has not been properly transmitted to clients, who don’t recognize it and pretend software services for free. In this industry, machinery is linked to its software and both are enhanced by the related services, so the final product-service bundle should be made by four components. In order to better clarify this concept and illustrate the solutions our research team has identified to promote a complete PSS offer, the four-leg chair metaphor is proposed. The proper value of the whole PSS offer can be transmitted by an effective communication process, supporting sales people with instruments such as predefined packets for software services. Organisational changes should be adopted such as job enlargement for software technicians and cross-training with salespeople. By the former, software technicians, who are frontline employees in direct contact with customers during the training phase, can be transformed into internal entrepreneurs by proper incentives. Since they lack marketing education and sometimes trust of salespeople, cross-training is proposed as an effective way to keep in touch software technicians with salespeople with mutual learning.
Bevacizumab for pediatric radiation necrosis (2020)

Bevacizumab appears to be effective and well-tolerated in children as treatment for symptomatic radiation necrosis and warrants more robust study in the context of controlled clinical trials.
ChemInform Abstract: ENOL ETHERS: PREPARATION AND SYNTHETIC APPLICATIONS (1985)

Abstract Vinylethylether (I) reagiert mit Triphenylphosphoniumhydrobromid (II) zu einem Phosphoniumsalz (III).
<title>Designing of coatings for femtosecond lasers with phase derivative targets</title> (1999)

The needle optimization technique is applied to the designing of broadband coatings with simultaneously specified intensity and phase derivatives targets. Specifically the designing of output couplers with the transmittance equal to 6 percent in the spectral region form 650 nm to 1100 nm is considered. Other targets include group delay dispersion upon transmission (GDDT) and group delay dispersion upon reflection (GDDR). Theoretical considerations exposing the nature of GDDT and GDDR oscillations are provided.
Optical Modem Technology for Seafloor Observatories (2006)

Regional cabled observatories will bring broadband Internet to the seafloor around areas that include hydrothermal vent sites and other scientifically interesting features. The ideal platform for exploring these sites in response to episodic events is a remotely-piloted, autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) that is capable of sending back high-quality video or other high-rate sensor data. The combined requirement of remote command/control and high data rates argues for a bi-directional optical communications link capable of streaming data at 1-10 Mbit per second rates. In this paper, we present a preliminary design for an optical modem system based on an omnidirectional source and receiver. The functional requirements and system constraints driven by use case scenarios are first reviewed. This is followed by a discussion of the optical transmission properties of seawater and the resulting impact on detection in high-rate communications, including coding considerations. A link budget and the data rate versus range relationship are developed. Validation results in a test tank and in the ocean will then be reviewed
In vivo fluorescence spectroscopy: potential for non-invasive, automated diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and use as a surrogate endpoint biomarker. (1994)

A quantitative measure of intraepithelial neoplasia which can be made in vivo without the need for tissue removal would be of clinical significance. Our group is working to develop such a technique based on fluorescence spectroscopy. This paper reviews the use of fluorescence spectroscopy for tissue diagnosis, describes our work to apply this technique to the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and discusses the potential utility of fluorescence spectroscopy as a surrogate endpoint biomarker (SEB). The development and performance of a spectroscopic diagnostic algorithm for CIN is described in detail. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) were obtained in vitro for 18 cervical biopsies from 10 patients. At all excitation emission maxima, but especially at 330 nm excitation, 385 nm emission, the average normalized fluorescence intensity of histologically normal tissue is greater than that of histologically abnormal tissue. A diagnostic algorithm based on the relative intensity at 330 nm excitation, 385 nm emission can differentiate histologically normal and abnormal biopsies with a higher sensitivity, but a lower positive predictive value and specificity than colposcopy. However, paired comparison of histologically normal and abnormal biopsies from the same patient results in a sensitivity of 75%, positive predictive value of 86%, and specificity of 88% for spectroscopic identification of histological abnormality--similar to that of colposcopy. Based on these results, in vivo studies of cervical tissue fluorescence were conducted. A spectroscopic system incorporating a pulsed nitrogen laser, an optical fiber probe, and an optical multi-channel analyzer was used to record fluorescence spectra of the intact cervix at colposcopy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Intensity Correlations in Disordered Photonic Lattices (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Y. Lahini, Y. Bromberg, F. Pozzi, M. Sorel, R. Morandotti, D. N. Christodoulides, and Y. Silberberg, "Intensity Correlations in Disordered Photonic Lattices," in Frontiers in Optics 2009/Laser Science XXV/Fall 2009 OSA Optics & Photonics Technical Digest, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2009), paper FMC2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Utility of Antiplatelet Therapy With Ticlopidine in Patients Refractory to Clopidogrel for Intracranial Stenting: A Single Institution Experience (2012)

Background: The use of antiplatelets in intra-arterial stenting for cerebrovascular disease has been associated with a decrease in morbidity and mortality. Ticlopidine, a thienopyridine that inhibits ADP-mediated platelet aggregation, has been used with aspirin to treat patients with stroke and prevent thromboembolic occlusion in patients who have undergone endovascular procedures. Because of the reported side effects associated with ticlopidine such as bleeding, thrombocytopenic thrombotic purpura and neutropenia, another thienopyridine, clopidogrel, became the agent of choice as an antiplatelet regimen. However, as the literature accumulates, it is becoming evident that many patients are resistant or allergic to clopidogrel, thus highlighting the need for an alternative antiplatelet agent to prevent complications associated with endovascular management. Methods: After IRB approval, our patient database was retrospectively screened for patients who underwent a cerebral stent placement in which ticlopidine and aspirin was substituted for clopidogrel and aspirin. These patients were followed for signs and symptoms of cerebrovascular disease and complications of ticlopidine treatment. Results: From 2009 to 2011, seven patients were identified to be clopidogrel resistant and no patients identified as allergic. Resistance was defined as less than 15% platelet inhibition on the VerifyNow ® P2Y12 assay (Accumetrics Inc., San Diego, CA). Neither complications of cerebrovascular disease nor those associated with ticlopidine treatment were identified. Conclusions: Ticlopidine and aspirin may be an appropriate treatment alternative in patients who are resistant to clopidogrel and aspirin undergoing cerebral stenting. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4021/jnr142w
Identification of a nicotine transporter in leaf vacuoles of Nicotiana tabacum (2009)

Alkaloids are, in some plant species, transported from the source organ after their biosynthesis and moved to sink organs via long distance transport. One representative is nicotine, which is biosynthesized in roots, then translocated to the leaves, and finally accumulated in the leaf vacuoles in Nicotiana species. Although the nicotine translocation was identified more than 10 years ago, no transport protein has been characterized concerning the inter-organ movement of this alkaloid. We characterized a novel multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE)-type transporter, Nt-JAT1 (Nicotiana tabacum jasmonate-inducible alkaloid transporter 1). Nt-JAT1 was co-regulated with biosynthetic genes following methyl jasmonate treatment. This MATE gene was expressed in the leaves, stems, and roots in tobacco plants. Biochemical analyses suggested that Nt-JAT1 transported nicotine. The location of Nt-JAT1 was shown to be the tonoplast. These data suggested that Nt-JAT1 plays an important role in the nicotine translocation by acting as a transporter responsible for the unloading of nicotine in the aerial parts of the plant and its deposition in the vacuoles (Fig. 1). To our knowledge, this is the first identification of a vacuolar transporter for alkaloids in plant. A possible application of this transporter for the production of valuable alkaloids is also discussed.
Real-time adjustable gate current control IC solves dv/dt problems in electric drives (2014)

The tuning of commutation speed of currents between freewheeling diodes and IGBT plays an important role in respect of the EMI behavior of power electronics ([1] [6]). High dv/dt means a large stress for the motor winding insulation and motor bearings ([7], [8]) as well as it causes conducted and radiated interferences with the supply in general. Many works for speed control of IGBT turn-on are known ([2], [3], [4]) and solutions result in large and complex control units. This paper presents the benefits of a novel gate drive IC ([5]), which offers an online adjustment feature for collector emitter voltage transient dvCE/dt in respect of the switching waveforms. The paper also shows, that the IC allows targeting new design tradeoffs in the application.
Development of Herceptin (2000)

A common frustration of drug development, particularly in oncology, is that relatively few scientifically sound ideas become translated into clinically useful drugs. For example, the realization that cancer frequently arises and is maintained by specific molecular alterations is now a well-established tenet of cell biology. However, the reduction of these scientific principles into clinical practice has resulted in relatively few newly developed therapeutic entities. One example is Herceptin, which was approved by the U.S. FDA in September 1998 for the treatment of women with metastatic breast cancer whose tumors overexpress the HER2 protein. Several features of Herceptin make it a unique therapeutic agent. First, it has the designer quality in that only women whose tumors contain a specific molecular alteration are eligible for therapy. Second, Herceptin is a biological agent with properties and features that vastly distinguish it from conventional cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs. In this review, we will highlight some of the key scientific elements in the discovery and the development of Herceptin.
A New Method for Noninvasive Measurement of Multilayer Tissue Conductivity and Structure Using Divided Electrodes (2004)

This paper outlines a new method for measuring multilayer tissue conductivity and structure by using divided electrodes, in which current electrodes are divided into several parts. Our purpose is to estimate the multilayer tissue structure and the conductivity distribution in a cross section of the local tissue by using bioresistance data measured noninvasively. The effect of the new method is assessed by computer simulations using a typical two-dimensional (2-D) model. In this paper, the conductivity distribution in the model is analyzed based on a finite difference method (FDM) and a steepest descent method (SDM). Simulation results show that the conductivity values of skin, fat, and muscle layers can be estimated with an error of less than 0.1%. When random noise at various levels is added to the measured resistance values, estimates of the conductivity values for skin, fat, and muscle layers are still reasonably precise: their root mean square errors are about 1.06%, 1.39%, and 1.61% for 10% noise. In a 2-D model, increasing the number of divided electrodes permits simultaneous estimates of tissue structure and conductivity distribution. Optimal configuration for divided electrodes is examined in terms of dividing pattern.
Specificity of antigen binding by T cells; competition between soluble and Ia‐associated antigen (1981)

Competitive antigen binding experiments were performed with purified T and B cells of C3H.SW (H-2b) mice. As antigen, (T,G)-A--L [poly-L(Tyr,Glu)-poly-DL-ALa-poly-L Lys] was used, both in an Ia-containing form, released by adherent cells (IAC-Puri and Lonai, Eur. J. Immunol. 1980. 10:273), and in regular solution. It was found that regular (T,G)-A-L did not compete with the binding of 125I-labeled-IAC-(T,G)-A--L even at a 10(4)-fold excess, whereas IAC-(T,G)-A--L inhibited binding at 10-fold excess. The specificity of (T,G)-A--L binding to high-responder T and B cells was compared by using related branched synthetic copolymers as competitors. B cells cross-reacted with (T,G)-A--L, (H,G)-A--L, (G)-A--L and (T,G)-Pro--L. In contrast, antigen binding C3H.SW T cells cross-reacted only with (T,G)-A--L and (Phe, G)-A--L to both of which they are Ir gene-controlled high responders. Evidence for the Ir gene control of IAC-binding T cells was obtained by showing that high X low responder F1 hybrid T cells preferentally bind IAC-(T,G)-A--L processed by processor cells deriving from the high-responder parental strain. These data are interpreted to suggest that T cells have high affinity for antigen plus self Ia complexes, whereas they have a much lower, if any, affinity for free antigen. It also follows from the results that the structure of the complex ligand may have a role in defining the specificity, H-2 restriction and Ir gene control of T cells.