gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recombinant p42IP4, a brain‐specific 42‐kDa high‐affinity Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 receptor protein, specifically interacts with lipid membranes containing Ptd‐Ins(3,4,5)P3 (1999)

We have recently cloned the cDNA of p42IP4, a membrane-associated and cytosolic inositol (1,3,4,5)tetrakisphosphate receptor protein [Stricker, R., Hülser, E., Fischer, J., Jarchau, T., Walter, U., Lottspeich, F. & Reiser, G. (1997) FEBS Lett. 405, 229-236.] p42IP4 is a protein of 374 amino acids with Mr of 42 kDa. The p42IP4 protein has a zinc finger motif at its N-terminus, followed by two pleckstrin homology domains. To characterize further the biochemical and functional properties of p42IP4, it was expressed as a glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein in Sf9 cells using a recombinant baculovirus vector. The protein was affinity adsorbed on glutathione beads, cleaved from glutathione-S-transferase with the protease factor-Xa and purified on heparin agarose. The recombinant purified protein is active because it shows binding affinities similar to those of the native p42IP4, purified from pig cerebellum or rat brain (Ki for inositol(1,3,4,5)P4 of 4.1 nm and 2.2 nm, respectively). Moreover the ligand specificity of the recombinant protein for various inositol polyphosphates is similar to that of the native protein purified from brain. Importantly, we show here that p42IP4 binds phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)P3 specifically, as the recombinant protein can associate with lipid membranes (vesicles) containing phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)P3; this binding occurs in a concentration-dependent manner and is blocked by inositol(1,3,4,5)P4. This specific association and the possibility that endogenous p42IP4 can be converted from a membrane-associated state to a soluble state support the hypothesis that p42IP4 might be redistributed between cellular compartments upon hormonal stimulation.
Exploitation of an Additional Infrared Laser to Modulate the Luminescence Intensity from InAs Quantum Dots (2005)

Dual‐laser excitation spectroscopy is performed on single quantum dots (QDs). Under excitation of a main laser with an energy above the wetting layer band gap, it is demonstrated that the QD luminescence is highly sensitive to exposure of infrared light with a photon energy well below the QD bandgap. Depending on the main laser energy, the infrared light induces either strong enhancement or quenching of the QD luminescence. The effects are explained in terms of separate electron and hole generation by the two lasers, and the presence of an electric field in the QD vicinity.
Oil-Water Interface Templating of Mesoporous Macroscale Structures (1996)

Ordered mesostructured porous silicas that are also macroscopically structured were created by control of the interface on two different length scales simultaneously. Micellar arrays controlled the nanometer-scale assembly, and at the static boundary between an aqueous phase and an organic phase, control was achieved on the micrometer to centimeter scale. Acid-prepared mesostructures of silica were made with the p6, Pm3n, and the P63/mmc structures in the form of porous fibers 50 to 1000 micrometers in length, hollow spheres with diameters of 1 to 100 micrometers, and thin sheets up to 10 centimeters in diameter and about 10 to 500 micrometers in thickness. These results might have implications for technical applications, such as slow drug-release systems or membranes, and in biomineralization, where many processes are also interface-controlled.
Novel Agouti-Related-Protein-Based Melanocortin-1 Receptor Antagonist (2001)

The melanocortin receptors are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that activate the cAMP signal transduction pathway and are stimulated by the melanocortin agonist alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). Members of these melanocortin receptors are antagonized by agouti (ASP) and agouti-related protein (AGRP), which are the only known endogenous antagonists of GPCRs identified to date. Structure-function studies of the hAGRP(109-118) decapeptide, Tyr-c[Cys-Arg-Phe-Phe-Asn-Ala-Phe-Cys]-Tyr-NH(2), by replacing the 26-membered disulfide Cys(2)-Cys(9) ring with lactam bridges resulted in the identification of a novel peripheral skin melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) antagonist. This antagonist, Tyr-c[Glu-Arg-Phe-Phe-Asn-Ala-Phe-Dpr]-Tyr-NH(2), possesses a 27-membered ring with the lactam bridge being formed from the Calpha-carboxyl moiety of Glu (instead of the typical side chain carboxyl moiety) with the amine of the diaminopropionic acid (Dpr) residue. This mouse MC1 receptor antagonist (pA(2) = 5.9) is also an antagonist at the brain melanocortin-4 receptor (pA(2) = 6.9), with no observable pharmacology at the melanocortin-3 or -5 receptors. This MC1R hAGRP(109-118) based decapeptide is novel in that AGRP(83-132) itself does not bind to, agonize, or antagonize the skin MC1R. Structural analysis has been performed using two-dimensional (1)H NMR and computer-assisted molecular modeling (CAMM) techniques in attempts to identify structural features of this Tyr-c[Glu-Arg-Phe-Phe-Asn-Ala-Phe-Dpr]-Tyr-NH(2) (cyclo Glu alphaCOOH-Dpr betaNH) peptide that can differentially result in antagonist versus agonist properties at the mMC1R.
Local Lithium-Ion Transport of a Ternary Sulfolane-Lithium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide-Carbonate Electrolyte: Experimental and First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Analysis toward Quasi-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Battery (2022)

The ion coordination and local ion transport of the ternary electrolyte containing sulfolane (SL), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (LiTFSA), and a carbonate solvent were investigated by combining the electrochemical measurement and first-principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) simulation. Li(SL) 3 TFSA solution with the low-viscosity carbonate solvents, propylene carbonate (PC) and butylene carbonate (BC) was quasi-solidified by nanosized SiO 2 and PTFE binder. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the quasi-solidified electrolyte sheets exhibited the Li + transport number of 0.5, which was higher than that of Li(G4)TFSA containing PC and the conventional organic liquid electrolyte. The higher Li + transport number contributed to an enhanced discharge capacity of the LIB at a high rate, and the LIB with Li(SL) 3 TFSA-PC and Li(SL) 3 TFSA-BC based electrolyte exhibited higher capacity retention in cycle test compared with Li(G4)TFSA-PC. The FPMD analysis revealed that a bridging coordination by SL and TFSA, where a single SL or TFSA coordinates two Li + , was observed even under coexistence with the carbonate solvent. It was also confirmed that some Li + tend to transfer independently to the other molecules/anions via the bridging coordination, leading to the high Li + transport number. In conclusion, the composition design of the electrolyte to keep the bridging coordination is desirable for a high Li + transport number and superior LIB performances.
Bacterial keratitis: a prospective clinical and microbiological study (2001)

Fluoroquinolones appear to be the therapy of choice for bacterial keratitis, but, based upon these in vitro studies, some strains may be resistant.
Analytical Methods to Determine the Stability of Biopharmaceutical Products (2023)

Analytical methods are used in the biopharmaceutical industry to ensure the quality, efficacy, and safety of drug substances and drug products. One of the fundamental measures of the quality of a drug substance or drug product, including biopharmaceuticals, is the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). In fact, the first International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guideline on quality, ICH Q1, is for drug stability. In this column, we look at drug stability in general, differences between large- and small-molecule stability (ICH Q1 and ICH Q5), as well as the analytical methods used to measure the stability of a product. Although there are several analytical methodologies that can be used, and we touch on those briefly, we focus mostly on the chromatography and mass spectrometry methods used to characterize drug stability.
Scene Transformer: A unified architecture for predicting multiple agent trajectories (2021)

Predicting the motion of multiple agents is necessary for planning in dynamic environments. This task is challenging for autonomous driving since agents (e.g. vehicles and pedestrians) and their associated behaviors may be diverse and influence one another. Most prior work have focused on predicting independent futures for each agent based on all past motion, and planning against these independent predictions. However, planning against independent predictions can make it challenging to represent the future interaction possibilities between different agents, leading to sub-optimal planning. In this work, we formulate a model for predicting the behavior of all agents jointly, producing consistent futures that account for interactions between agents. Inspired by recent language modeling approaches, we use a masking strategy as the query to our model, enabling one to invoke a single model to predict agent behavior in many ways, such as potentially conditioned on the goal or full future trajectory of the autonomous vehicle or the behavior of other agents in the environment. Our model architecture employs attention to combine features across road elements, agent interactions, and time steps. We evaluate our approach on autonomous driving datasets for both marginal and joint motion prediction, and achieve state of the art performance across two popular datasets. Through combining a scene-centric approach, agent permutation equivariant model, and a sequence masking strategy, we show that our model can unify a variety of motion prediction tasks from joint motion predictions to conditioned prediction.
Herpes Zoster and Tofacitinib: Clinical Outcomes and the Risk of Concomitant Therapy (2017)

Patients receiving treatment with tofacitinib and GCs appear to have a greater risk of developing HZ compared with patients receiving tofacitinib monotherapy without GCs.
Cellular Responses to 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in Bone and Cartilage (2009)

In this review, we will summarize recent findings surrounding the physiological actions of 24R,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25(OH)2D3], an active vitamin D3 metabolite that regulates endochondral ossification and bone fracture healing. 24,25(OH)2D3 exerts rapid effects in resting zone growth plate chondrocytes through activation of a membrane-associated receptor. One consequence of this activation is rapid inhibition of phospholipase A2, resulting in altered membrane fluidity and arachidonic acid turnover. In addition, phospholipase D activity is increased, leading to increased diacylglycerol and protein kinase C (PKC) activation, as well as PKC-dependent matrix synthesis and chondrocyte maturation. 24,25(OH)2D3 reduces production of acid matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), specifically stabilizing neutral MMPs in extracellular matrix vesicles. Recent work has shown that 24,25(OH)2D3 also has an anti-apoptotic function, acting to protect rat growth plate chondrocytes and mouse ATDC5 cells from apoptosis induced by inorganic phosphate (Pi). Studies using rat costochondral resting zone chondrocytes indicate that the mechanism involves 24,25(OH)2D3-mediated stimulation of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling. In bone, immature osteoblasts respond to 24,25(OH)2D3, whereas more mature osteoblasts do not. This implicates 24,25(OH)2D3 in the maintenance of bone and suggests that its actions are maturation stage-dependent. Collectively, these studies show that 24,25(OH)2D3 regulates less mature chondrocytes and osteoblasts through rapid activation of its membrane-associated receptor, establishing it as an important modulator of endochondral ossification. Keywords: Vitamin D metabolites, 24R, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, chondrocytes, osteoblasts
Automatic Cephalometric Landmark Detection on X-ray Images Using a Deep-Learning Method (2020)

Accurate automatic quantitative cephalometry are essential for orthodontics. However, manual labeling of cephalometric landmarks is tedious and subjective, which also must be performed by professional doctors. In recent years, deep learning has gained attention for its success in computer vision field. It has achieved large progress in resolving problems like image classification or image segmentation. In this paper, we propose a two-step method which can automatically detect cephalometric landmarks on skeletal X-ray images. First, we roughly extract a region of interest (ROI) patch for each landmark by registering the testing image to training images, which have annotated landmarks. Then, we utilize pre-trained networks with a backbone of ResNet50, which is a state-of-the-art convolutional neural network, to detect each landmark in each ROI patch. The network directly outputs the coordinates of the landmarks. We evaluate our method on two datasets: ISBI 2015 Grand Challenge in Dental X-ray Image Analysis and our own dataset provided by Shandong University. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve satisfying results on both SDR (Successful Detection Rate) and SCR (Successful Classification Rate). However, the computational time issue remains to be improved in the future.
Synthesis and Properties of Degradable Poly(urethane urea)s To Be Used for Ligament Reconstructions (2002)

In the present study we describe the synthesis, wet spinning, mechanical testing, and degradation of poly(urethane urea)s (PUURs) intended for clinical use in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The effects of soft segment chemical composition and molar mass and the kind of diamine chain extender on the material properties were investigated. It was found that the fibers made of PUUR with polycaprolactone diol (PCL530) as soft segment and MDI/1,3-DAP as hard segment (PCL530-3) have high tensile strength and high modulus and when degraded keep their tensile strength for the time demanded for the application. In conclusion, from a chemical and mechanical point of view PUUR fibers of PCL530-3, ARTELON, are suitable for designing a degradable ACL device.
Superplasticity and Its Application of Ultra-Fine Grained Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Obtained through Protium Treatment (2002)

Superplastic-tensile test and superplastic forming for the denture base (One of the dental parts) were carried out experimentally using an α+β two-phase type Ti–6Al–4V alloy with an ultra-fine grained structure (grain size: 0.3–0.5 \\micron) obtained through protium treatment. The ultra-fine grained material exhibited a significant superplastic elongation of over 9000% at 1123 K and a flow stress lower than that of coarse-grained material made from the same alloy without protium treatments. Superplastic forming was successfully used to fabricate a denture base without cracks on the surface. These materials may be applicable as biomaterials in medical industries.
Interaction of Anti-Phospholipid Antibodies With Late Endosomes of Human Endothelial Cells (2000)

Anti-phospholipid antibodies (APLAs) are associated with thrombosis and/or recurrent pregnancy loss. APLAs bind to anionic phospholipids directly or indirectly via a cofactor such as beta(2)-glycoprotein 1 (beta(2)GPI). The lipid target of APLA is not yet established. Recently, we observed that APLAs in vitro can bind lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA). The internal membranes of late endosomes are enriched in this phospholipid. The current study was undertaken to determine to what extent binding of APLA to LBPA is correlated with binding to cardiolipin and to beta(2)GPI and to determine whether patient antibodies interact with late endosomes of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and thus modify the intracellular trafficking of proteins. Binding of patient immunoglobulin G (n=37) to LBPA was correlated significantly with binding to cardiolipin. Although LBPA binding was correlated to a lesser extent with beta(2)GPI binding, we observed that beta(2)GPI binds with high affinity to LBPA. Immunofluorescence studies showed that late endosomes of HUVECs contain LBPA. Patient but not control antibodies recognized late endosomes, but not cardiolipin-rich mitochondria, even when we used antibodies that were immunopurified on cardiolipin. Incubation of HUVECs with patient plasma samples immunoreactive toward LBPA resulted in an accumulation of the antibodies in late endosomes and led to a redistribution of the insulinlike growth factor 2/mannose-6-phosphate receptor from the Golgi apparatus to late endosomes. Our results suggest that LBPA is an important lipid target of APLA in HUVECs. These antibodies are internalized by the cells and accumulate in late endosomes. By modifying the intracellular trafficking of proteins, APLA could contribute to several of the proposed pathogenic mechanisms leading to the antiphospholipid syndrome.
Control of glycoprotein synthesis. UDP-GlcNAc:glycopeptide beta 4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III, an enzyme in hen oviduct which adds GlcNAc in beta 1-4 linkage to the beta-linked mannose of the trimannosyl core of N-glycosyl oligosaccharides. (1982)

Hen oviduct membranes are shown to catalyze the following enzyme reaction: GlcNAc beta 1-2Man alpha 1-6(GlcNAc beta 1-2Man alpha 1-3)Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4(Fuc alpha 1-6)GlcNAc-Asn + UDP-GlcNAc leads to GlcNAc beta 1-2Man alpha 1-6(GlcNAc beta 1-2Man alpha 1-3)GlcNAc beta 1-4)Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4(Fuc alpha 1-6)GlcNAc-Asn + UDP. The enzyme catalyzing this reaction has been named UDP-GlcNAc:glycopeptide beta 4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GlcNAc-transferase III) to distinguish it from two other GlcNAc-transferases (I and II) present in hen oviduct and previously described in several mammalian tissues. GlcNAc-transferases I and II, respectively, attach GlcNAc in beta 1-2 linkage to the Man alpha 1-3 and Man alpha 1-6 arms of Asn-linked oligosaccharide cores. A specific assay for GlcNAc-transferase III was devised by using concanavalin A/Sepharose columns to separate the product of transferase III from other interfering radioactive glycopeptides formed in the reaction. The specific activity of GlcNAc-transferase III in hen oviduct membranes is about 5 nmol/mg of protein/h. Substrate specificity studies have shown that GlcNAc-transferase III requires both terminal beta 1-2-linked GlcNAc residues in its substrate for maximal activity. Removal of the GlcNAc residue on the Man alpha 1-6 arm reduces activity by at least 85% and removal of both GlcNAc residues reduces activity by at least 93%. Two large scale preparations of product were subjected to high resolution proton NMR spectroscopy to establish the incorporation by the enzyme of a GlcNAc in beta 1-4 linkage to the beta-linked Man. This GlcNAc residue is called a "bisecting" GlcNAc and appears to play important control functions in the synthesis of complex N-glycosyl oligosaccharides. Several enzymes in the biosynthetic scheme are unable to act on glycopeptide substrates containing a bisecting GlcNAc residue.
Regulation of Osteoclastogenesis by Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides Specific to Zinc Finger Nuclear Transcription Factors Egr-1 and WT1 in Rat Bone Marrow Culture System (1997)

Differentiation of osteoclasts is defined by the transcription factors expressed in response to bone microenvironments. In this work, we examined the effects of an expressional blockage of Egr-1 and/or WT1 on the differentiation of osteoclasts using specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). In a culture system forming preosteoclast-like cells (POC) from rat bone marrow cells depleted of marrow stromal cells, POC formation was markedly stimulated by the addition of Egr-1 antisense ODN compared to that in cultures in which sense ODN was added, whereas Egr-1 antisense ODN inhibited the formation of macrophage-like cells. The formation of multinucleated osteoclast-like cells was also stimulated by the addition of Egr-1 antisense ODN in whole bone marrow cultures. In contrast, WT1 antisense ODN did not affect POC formation induced by the treatment with Egr-1 antisense ODN; however, WT1 antisense ODN dramatically suppressed the formation of osteoclast-like multinucleated cells induced by the blockage of Egr-1 expression using Egr-1 antisense ODN. These data suggest that Egr-1 acts as the suppressor, not as the inducer, in osteoclastogenesis. The findings also suggested that WT1 could be involved in the multinucleation step of osteoclastogenesis, at least when Egr-1 expression was blocked.
Pharmacological and Functional Comparison of the Polo-like Kinase Family:  Insight into Inhibitor and Substrate Specificity (2007)

PLK1 (polo-like kinase 1) is a key mitotic kinase and a therapeutic target in the treatment of proliferative diseases. Here we investigate the relative substrate specificity and pharmacological relatedness of PLK1, -2, -3, and -4 that together comprise a conserved family of Ser/Thr kinases (PLK family). We report consensus substrate sequences for PLK2, -3, and -4 and an expanded consensus sequence for PLK1, which we use to design an optimal peptide substrate, PLKtide. We report inhibitory activity for the entire PLK family across a diverse set of small-molecule ATP-competitive inhibitors including several clinical compounds. With respect to both substrate and ATP-site specificity, highest similarity is observed between PLK2 and PLK3, PLK1 is next most similar, and PLK4 is least similar. Further, we have identified and report time-dependent inhibition by two potent and selective PLK inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembly of Amphiphilic Calixarenes and Resorcinarenes in Water (2011)

Abstract Review: 77 refs.
The Safety of Intracoronary Ultrasound (1995)

ICUS is associated with (but not necessarily the direct cause of) a minor acute clinical risk. Vessel spasm is the most frequent event occurring during ICUS. Other complications predominantly occur in patients with acute coronary syndromes and during guidance for intervention.
ChemInform Abstract: The Search for Tolerant Lewis Acid Catalysts. Part 1. Chiral Silicon Lewis Acids Derived from (‐)‐Myrtenal. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Indanones:  Development of a New “Axially Chiral” Bisphosphine Ligand (2006)

A rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric isomerization of racemic alpha-arylpropargyl alcohols to beta-chiral indanones has been developed. High enantioselectivity has been realized by the use of a newly developed axially chiral bisphosphine ligand. This ligand is unique in the sense that its axial chirality is fixed to a single configuration upon complexation to a transition metal due to other chiral axes existing within the same molecule.