gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Machine Vision for Intelligent Robots. (1998)

Vision is an ideal sensor modality for intelligent robots. It provides rich information on the environment as required for recognizing objects and understanding situations in real time. Moreover, vision-guided robots may be largely calibration-free, which is a great practical advantage. Three vision-guided robots and their design concepts are introduced: an autonomous indoor vehicle, a calibrationfree manipulator arm, and a humanoid service robot with an omnidirectional wheel base and two arms. Results obtained, and insights gained, in real-world experiments with them are presented.
Application of Dual Kriging to the Construction of a General Phenomenological Material Law for Shape Memory Alloys (1997)

A large number of applications could benefit from the remarkable properties of shape memory alloys; but up to now, a relatively limited number have been brought to the market. This can be attributed, in part, to the lack of numerical tools dedicated to the computer aided design of shape memory devices. The development of a general material law is the first important step before reliable design calculations can be carried out. This paper presents a new phenomenological constitutive law based on dual kriging, which is a powerful mathematical tool used here as an interpolation method. The model was initially developed for a particular and limited purpose, namely, to simulate the macroscopic behavior of simple shape memory devices. From a few isothermal experimental forcedeflection curves at different temperatures, two surfaces are constructed which describe the loading and unloading behavior of the device.The response of the material subjected to complex thermomechanical loadings is calculated by successive interpolations on these surfaces via dual kriging. For hysteretic subcycles, the response is calculated through the volume delimited by the two surfaces in such a way that any recursive thermomechanical subcycles can be simulated. This methodology yields a uniaxial material law for shape memory alloys that includes in a single formulation superelasticity, pseudo-plasticity and shape memory effect. Preliminary validations on a set of simple examples show the potential of this approach.
Long-term expression of miRNA for RNA interference using a novel vector system based on a negative-strand RNA virus (2016)

RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a promising technique for gene therapy. However, the safe and long-term expression of small RNA molecules is a major concern for the application of RNAi therapies in vivo. Borna disease virus (BDV), a non-segmented, negative-strand RNA virus, establishes a persistent infection without obvious cytopathic effects. Unique among animal non-retroviral RNA viruses, BDV persistently establishes a long-lasting persistent infection in the nucleus. These features make BDV ideal for RNA virus vector persistently expressing small RNAs. Here, we demonstrated that the recombinant BDV (rBDV) containing the miR-155 precursor, rBDV-miR-155, persistently expressed miR-155 and efficiently silenced its target gene. The stem region of the miR-155 precursor in rBDV-miR-155 was replaceable by any miRNA sequences of interest and that such rBDVs efficiently silence the expression of target genes. Collectively, BDV vector would be a novel RNA virus vector enabling the long-term expression of miRNAs for RNAi therapies.
Inhibition of mouse retroviral disease by bioactive glutaminase-asparaginase (1991)

Glutamine depletion strongly inhibits the replication of Rauscher murine leukaemia retrovirus (RLV) in vitro. Pseudomonas 7A glutaminase-asparaginase (PGA), capable of depleting glutamine and asparagine for prolonged periods, was used to determine the therapeutic effectiveness of glutamine depletion in mice infected with RLV or Friend virus. During PGA treatment of viraemic animals, serum reverse transcriptase activity fell to control levels and infected animals did not develop splenomegaly. The therapeutic results obtained with PGA compared favourably with those of azidothymidine given intraperitoneally at 30 mg/kg/day. Western blots performed on splenic tissue from control and treated animals indicated that glutamine depletion prevented readthrough of an amber codon at the gag-pol junction, stopping translation of viral mRNA at that point. Treatment of RLV-infected animals with PGA resulted in nearly a 200% increase in mean survival time even when therapy was initiated late in the course of the disease. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that a nutrient required for viral replication can be enzymically depleted in vivo to inhibit viral replication.
A Universe in Your Palm (2018)

In this final chapter, the reader is asked to step back into the shoes of the same medical student who was given a brain to hold at the beginning of the book. At the end of a journey between theory and practice at the borders of consciousness, this section reappraises the existential questions raised in the first chapter, this time by a different perspective. The student realizes that the thalamocortical system may actually be a very special object, considers the relationships between consciousness and the external world, appreciates the difference between doing and being and, finally, perceives by intuition a new place for consciousness in the universe.
Flattened Tumor Requires a More Careful Attention for Residual Distal Cancer Spread in Locally Advanced Lower Rectal Carcinoma after Chemoradiotherapy (2015)

Even in patients evaluated as pre-CRT responders, flattened tumors often accompanied distally located residual cancer that had spread from the tumor border and require more careful attention in order to ensure cancer clearance.
UTNLP at SemEval-2021 Task 5: A Comparative Analysis of Toxic Span\n Detection using Attention-based, Named Entity Recognition, and Ensemble\n Models (2021)

Detecting which parts of a sentence contribute to that sentence's toxicity --\nrather than providing a sentence-level verdict of hatefulness -- would increase\nthe interpretability of models and allow human moderators to better understand\nthe outputs of the system. This paper presents our team's, UTNLP, methodology\nand results in the SemEval-2021 shared task 5 on toxic spans detection. We test\nmultiple models and contextual embeddings and report the best setting out of\nall. The experiments start with keyword-based models and are followed by\nattention-based, named entity-based, transformers-based, and ensemble models.\nOur best approach, an ensemble model, achieves an F1 of 0.684 in the\ncompetition's evaluation phase.\n
Enhanced Growth of Cultured Fibroblasts by a Synthetic Polyanionic Polymer (1996)

A synthetic polyanionic polymer, poly(maleic acid-alt-7,12-dioxaspiro[5,6]dodec-9-ene), exhibits mitogen-like behavior for cultured fibro-blasts. Cultures of L929 and STO fibroblasts in the presence of this polymer resulted in enhanced growth by both fibroblast cell lines. After three days, at optimum polymer concentrations, the cell numbers increased 3.7-fold for the STO cells and 1.9-fold for the L929 cells compared to the cells cultured in the same environment without the polymer. The polymer promoted this growth without any other external growth factors. This result suggests that the polymer has a direct effect on the growth of both of these fibroblast cells.
Automating bug report assignment (2006)

Open-source development projects typically support an open bug repository to which both developers and users can report bugs. A report that appears in this repository must be triaged to determine if the report is one which requires attention and if it is, which developer will be assigned the responsibility of resolving the report. Large open-source developments are burdened by the rate at which new bug reports appear in the bug repository. The thesis of this work is that the task of triage can be eased by using a semi-automated approach to assign bug reports to developers. The approach consists of constructing a recommender for bug assignments; examined are both a range of algorithms that can be used and the various kinds of information provided to the algorithms. The proposed work seeks to determine through human experimentation a sufficient level of precision for the recommendations, and to analytically determine the trade-offs of the various algorithmic and information choices.
Thermal history simulation of mechanical properties of HAZs in gold wire bonding (1992)

(1992). Thermal history simulation of mechanical properties of HAZs in gold wire bonding. Welding International: Vol. 6, No. 10, pp. 780-785.
Distributions and Hypothesis Testing in Formal Statistical Laboratory Procedures (2015)

This chapter reviews hypothesis testing and related terminology (type I and type II errors, p-value, etc.). The t-distribution is discussed for two independent normal sample comparisons, and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) is discussed for multisample (>3) comparisons. Nonparametric techniques are introduced as an alternative test in the case of skewed (not normal) data. This chapter also includes discussion of confidence intervals (CIs) and the relation of the CI to the hypothesis test. There are four steps in hypothesis testing: setting up the hypotheses; determining the significance level; collect evidence and compute the p-value; and making a decision. It illustrates examples of these steps and how hypothesis testing is actually performed. The chapter also covers types of errors in hypothesis testing. It reveals ways of ways of accommodating the analysis given the type of distribution that is dealt with.
A comparative study on gate leakage and performance of high-𝛋 nano-CMOS logic gates (2010)

This paper provides a novel attempt to evaluate the gate leakage and delay characteristics of CMOS transistors and logic gates with various alternative high-κ gate dielectrics, which are replacing SiO2 in traditional nanoscale MOSFETs. Results have been obtained for both fixed as well as variable loads. The assumption that all gates drive the same load is considered in order to provide a fair comparison of the effect of the variation of design and process parameters, especially that of different high-κ dielectrics on the gate direct tunnelling current and propagation delay. On the other hand, the variable loading effect considers a set of practical loading conditions for the logic gates. An exhaustive comparison of all cases finally presents concluding evidence that the tunnelling current is independent of the loading conditions. On the other hand, there is an increase in the delay as the dielectric constant of the gate material, and consequently the load on the device, increases. Ultimately, this paper presents fast and accurate models for on-the-fly calculation of tunnelling current and delay with the aim of integrating them into design automation tools.
Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptor in the human endometrium, decidua, placenta and pathological conditions of the endometrium (1992)

The immunohistochemical localization of the androgen receptor in the human endometrium at various stages of the menstrual cycle and post-menopausal period, in decidua and placenta of early pregnancy, and in several pathological conditions of the endometrium has been investigated. At any phase of the menstrual cycle, both endometrial glandular cells and endometrial stromal cells showed positive nuclear staining. Endometrial stromal cells of the functional layer showed stronger staining than those of the basal layer, but endometrial glandular cells of both layers showed the same staining intensity. There was little staining in myometrium. Even after menopause, endometrial glandular and stromal cells showed the same staining pattern as the basal layer of pre-menopausal endometrium and the staining intensity of endometrial stromal cells was weak. In decidua and placenta of early pregnancy, decidual and trophoblastic cells showed positive staining and there was no staining in the stromal cells of placenta. The expression of the androgen receptor was also detected in adenomyosis, endometriosis and endometrial carcinoma. Although the proliferation and differentiation of endometrium are mediated mainly by oestrogen and progesterone receptors, the androgen receptor may play some role in modulating these changes. These results suggest that it may be involved in both physiological and pathological changes of the endometrium.
Kinetic study of isotopic exchange reaction between hydrogen and water vapor over a pt/sdbc hydrophobic catalyst sheet (1988)

Abstract The isotopic exchange reaction between hydrogen and water vapor was studied for the temperature range 313 K to 353 K using 2.2% platinum supported on a hydrophobic styrene‐divinylbenzene copolymer (SDBC) sheet. With increasing relative humidity, the exchange rate increased, giving a stepped profile with a knee shape, and the reaction order with respect to hydrogen increased from almost zero to first order. In order to explain this unusual behavior, a simple kinetic model was proposed assuming that the water molecules are adsorbed in a multilayer on the platinum surface, and are subject to the exchange equivalent to finite number of layers. On the other hand, this multilayer of adsorbed water inhibits the transfer of HD to the platinum surface.
Advances in Water Mains Network Modelling for Improved Operations (2015)

The traditional approach to water mains network model calibration is too coarse. System and data anomalies impact on the simulated pressures in the models. These include unknown status valves, incorrect pipe data including pipe roughness values and unknown leaks. A combination of smarter field testing and staged optimisation analyses provides a promising solution to solving this complex problem. An anonymous model has been used to demonstrate that inclusion in the field test of planned hydrant discharges and concurrent tactical valve operations will help detect the unknown status valves but also lead to more accurate pipe roughness values and leakage hotspots.
User performance with gaze contingent multiresolutional displays (2000)

One way to economize on bandwidth in single-user head-mounted displays is to put high-resolution information only where the user is currently looking. This paper summarizes results from a series of 6 studies investigating spatial, resolutional, and temporal parameters affecting perception and performance in such eye-contingent multi-resolutional displays. Based on the results of these studies, suggestions are made for the design of eye-contingent multi-resolutional displays.
Stability of Multihump Optical Solitons (1999)

We demonstrate that, in contrast with what was previously believed, multihump solitary waves can be stable. By means of linear stability analysis and numerical simulations, we investigate the stability of two- and three-hump solitary waves governed by incoherent beam interaction in a saturable medium, providing a theoretical background for the stability of the experimental results reported by Mitchell, Segev, and Christodoulides [Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4657 (1998)].
Neutral Tellurium Rings in the Coordination Polymers [Ru(Te9)](InCl4)2, [Ru(Te8)]Cl2, and [Rh(Te6)]Cl3 (2011)

Shiny black, air-insensitive crystals of tellurium-rich one-dimensional coordination polymers were synthesized by melting a mixture of the elements with TeCl(4). The compounds [Ru(Te(9))](InCl(4))(2) and [Ru(Te(8))]Cl(2) crystallize in the monoclinic space group type C2/c, whereas [Rh(Te(6))]Cl(3) adopts the trigonal space group type R ̅3c. In the crystal structures, linear, positively charged [M(m+) (Te(n)(±0))] (M=Ru, m=2; Rh, m=3) chains run parallel to the c axes. Each of the uncharged Te(n) molecules (n=6, 8, 9) coordinates two transition-metal atoms as a bridging bis-tridentate ligand. Because the coordinating tellurium atoms act as electron-pair donors, the 18-electron rule is fulfilled for the octahedrally coordinated transition-metal cations. Based on DFT calculations, the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and the electron localizability indicator (ELI) provide insight into the principles of the polar donor bonding in these complexes. Comparison with optimized ring geometries reveals substantial tension in the coordinating tellurium molecules.
Supporting MPEG video transport on DOCSIS-compliant cable networks (2000)

A novel quality of service (QoS) scheduling mechanism suitable for transporting variable bit rate video in the upstream direction over a DOCSIS (data over cable system interface specification)-compliant cable network is presented. It is shown, via simulation using real life video traces, that the proposed scheduling service provides significant improvements as compared to the existing DOCSIS QoS scheduling services, with regard to bandwidth utilization and latency distribution. The proposed scheduling service is also applicable to transport integrated services over the Internet and can be utilized by other emerging multimedia applications, where data are bursty in nature and variable in bit rate.
Allergens of the urushiol family promote mitochondrial dysfunction by inhibiting the electron transport at the level of cytochromes b and chemically modify cytochrome c1 (2021)

Our data provide functional and molecular evidence indicating that the interruption of the mitochondrial electron transport chain constitutes an important mechanism by which urushiols initiates the allergic response. Thus, mitochondria may constitute a source of cellular targets for generating neoantigens involved in the T-cell mediated allergy induced by urushiols.
Proton-Transfer and H2-Elimination Reactions of Trimethylamine Alane: Role of Dihydrogen Bonding and Lewis Acid−Base Interactions (2009)

Proton-transfer and H(2)-elimination reactions of aluminum hydride AlH(3)(NMe(3)) (TMAA) with XH acids were studied by means of IR and NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The dihydrogen-bonded (DHB) intermediates in the interaction of the TMAA with XH acids (CH(3)OH, (i)PrOH, CF(3)CH(2)OH, adamantyl acetylene, indole, 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoroaniline, and 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline) were examined experimentally at low temperatures, and the spectroscopic characteristics, dihydrogen bond strength and structures, and the electronic and energetic characteristics of these complexes were determined by combining experimental and theoretical approaches. The possibility of two different types of DHB complexes with polydentate proton donors (typical monodentate and bidentate coordination with the formation of a symmetrical chelate structure) was shown by DFT calculations and was experimentally proven in solution. The DHB complexes are intermediates of proton-transfer and H(2)-elimination reactions. The extent of this reaction is very dependent on the acid strength and temperature. With temperature increases the elimination of H(2) was observed for OH and NH acids, yielding the reaction products with Al-O and Al-N bonds. The reaction mechanism was computationally studied. Besides the DHB pathway for proton transfer, another pathway starting from a Lewis complex was discovered. Preference for one of the pathways is related to the acid strength and the nucleophilicity of the proton donor. As a consequence of the dual Lewis acid-base nature of neutral aluminum hydride, participation of a second ROH molecule acting as a bifunctional catalyst forming a six-member cycle connecting aluminum and hydride sites notably reduces the reaction barrier. This mechanism could operate for proton transfer from weak OH acids to TMAA in the presence of an excess of proton donor.
The mesomorphic properties of 2,7-disubstituted 1,3-dioxaperhydrophenanthrenes (1989)

Abstract The mesomorphic properties of a new class of heteroalicyclic compounds are reported. The liquid-crystalline behaviour of these substances is compared with that of related materials.
Structural Regulation and Optical Properties of One-Dimensional ZnO Nanomaterials in Situ Grown from and on Brass Substrates (2008)

One-dimensional ZnO nanostructures have been in situ grown on the conductive brass substrate by directly heating the Cu0.70Zn0.30 alloy foils in O2/Ar at 550−900 °C. The growth process and products have been well characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results indicate that more Zn species is lost from the brass foils at the higher temperatures. Zn species is exhausted, and a sharp diffraction peak shift appears around 750 °C due to the quick depletion. The structures of the ZnO products have been systematically regulated and the more oxygen vacancy is associated with the higher reaction temperature. The correlation in between the oxygen vacancy concentration and the green and exciton emission for these products has been experimentally demonstrated and well understood, which is important for luminescence applications.
Weight Loss Interventions in Adults (2019)

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Genetic Engineering and Therapy for Inherited and Acquired Cardiomyopathies (2006)

The cardiac myofilaments consist of a highly ordered assembly of proteins that collectively generate force in a calcium-dependent manner. Defects in myofilament function and its regulation have been implicated in various forms of acquired and inherited human heart disease. For example, during cardiac ischemia, cardiac myocyte contractile performance is dramatically downregulated due in part to a reduced sensitivity of the myofilaments to calcium under acidic pH conditions. Over the last several years, the thin filament regulatory protein, troponin I, has been identified as an important mediator of this response. Mutations in troponin I and other sarcomere genes are also linked to several distinct inherited cardiomyopathic phenotypes, including hypertrophic, dilated, and restrictive cardiomyopathies. With the cardiac sarcomere emerging as a central player for such a diverse array of human heart diseases, genetic-based strategies that target the myofilament will likely have broad therapeutic potential. The development of safe vector systems for efficient gene delivery will be a critical hurdle to overcome before these types of therapies can be successfully applied. Nonetheless, studies focusing on the principles of acute genetic engineering of the sarcomere hold value as they lay the essential foundation on which to build potential gene-based therapies for heart disease.