gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In search of a second messenger for insulin (1988)

Despite significant advances in the past few years on the chemistry and biology of insulin and its receptor, the molecular events that couple the insulin-receptor interaction to the regulation of cellular metabolism remain uncertain. Progress in this area has been complicated by the pleiotropic nature of insulin's actions. These most likely involve a complex network of pathways resulting in the coordination of mechanistically distinct cellular effects. Because the well-recognized mechanisms of signal transduction (i.e., cyclic nucleotides, ion channels) appear not to be central to insulin action, investigators have searched for a novel second messenger system. A low-molecular-weight substance has been identified that mimics certain actions of insulin on metabolic enzymes. This substance has an inositol glycan structure and is produced by the insulin-sensitive hydrolysis of a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol in the plasma membrane. This hydrolysis reaction, which is catalyzed by a specific phospholipase C, also results in the production of a structurally distinct diacylglycerol that may selectively regulate one or more of the protein kinases C. The glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol precursor for the inositol glycan enzyme modulator is structurally analogous to the recently described glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol membrane protein anchor. Preliminary studies suggest that a subset of proteins anchored in this fashion might be released from cells by a similar insulin-sensitive, phospholipase-catalyzed reaction. Efforts are underway to determine the precise role of the metabolism of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositols in insulin action.
Thiophene‐Based Dual Modulators of Aβ and Tau Aggregation (2021)

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and Tau aggregates in the brain, which induces various pathological events resulting in neurodegeneration. There have been continuous efforts to develop modulators of the Aβ and Tau aggregation process to halt or modify disease progression. A few small-molecule-based inhibitors that target both Aβ and Tau pathology have been reported. Here, we report the screening of a targeted library of small molecules to modulate Aβ and Tau aggregation together with their in vitro, in silico and cellular studies. In vitro ThT fluorescence assay, dot blot assay, gel electrophoresis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results have shown that thiophene-based lead molecules effectively modulate Aβ aggregation and inhibit Tau aggregation. In silico studies performed by employing molecular docking, molecular dynamics and binding-free energy calculations have helped in understanding the mechanism of interaction of the lead thiophene compounds with Aβ and Tau fibril targets. In cellulo studies revealed that the lead candidate is biocompatible and effectively ameliorates neuronal cells from Aβ and Tau-mediated amyloid toxicity.
Energetic perspective on emergent inductance exhibited by magnetic textures in the pinned regime (2023)

Spatially varying magnetic textures can exhibit electric-current-induced dynamics as a result of the spin-transfer torque effect. When such a magnetic system is electrically driven, an electric field is generated, which is called the emergent electric field. In particular, when magnetic-texture dynamics are induced under the application of an AC electric current, the emergent electric field also appears in an AC manner, notably, with an out-of-phase time profile, thus exhibiting inductor behaviour, often called an emergent inductor. Here we show that the emergent inductance exhibited by magnetic textures in the pinned regime can be explained in terms of the current-induced energy stored in the magnetic system. We numerically find that the inductance values defined from the emergent electric field and the current-induced magnetization-distortion energy, respectively, are in quantitative agreement in the so-called adiabatic limit. Our findings indicate that emergent inductors retain the basic concept of conventional inductors; that is, the energy is stored under the application of electric current.
An Optimized Web Feed Aggregation Approach for Generic Feed Types (2021)

Web feeds are a popular way to access updates for contentin the World Wide Web. Unfortunately, the technology be-hind web feeds is based on polling. Thus, clients ask the feedserver regularly for updates. There are two concurrent prob-lems with this approach. First, many times a client asks forupdates, there is no new item and second, if the client’s up-date interval is too large it might be notiﬁed too late or evenmiss items. In this work we present adaptive feed polling algorithms. Thealgorithms learn from the previous behaviors of feeds andpredict their future behaviors. To evaluate these algorithmswe created a real set of over 180,000 diversiﬁed feeds andcollected a dataset of their updates for a time of three weeks.We tested our adaptive algorithms on this set and show thatadaptive feed polling reduces trafﬁc signiﬁcantly and pro-vides near-real-time updates.
Fractionation of Rh Antiserum by Electrophoresis-Convection (1951)

Summary The utility of the method of electrophoresis-convection in immunological investigations on limited amounts of material has been demonstrated by the fractionation of an Rh antiserum. The resulting serum fractions have been characterized electrophoretically and serologically. At least a considerable portion of the Rh blocking antibody appeared to be associated with a γ-globulin fraction of low mobility. In contrast to this, the cryptagglutinoid antibodies were distributed throughout the γ-globulin. About 25% of the cryptagglutinoids also appeared to be associated with α- and/or β-globulins.
Physical Properties of Foods and Effect of Water on Them VI Freeze-Grinding of Foods (2009)

食品の凍結粉砕に関する技術的な知見として，破壊様式（延性破壊と脆性破壊），破壊様式の温度依存性，シャルピー衝撃試験機を用いた脆化温度の決定方法を紹介した．食品の凍結粉砕の利点と凍結粉砕した食品の用途を紹介した．凍結粉砕では，優先粉砕現象を利用すると食品の組織を分離できる．そこで，凍結粉砕と分級操作を組み合わせた魚体の組織の機械的分離について詳しく解説した．さらに，魚の各組織の吸収エネルギー曲線から破壊様式図を作成し，最適粉砕温度を決定する方法を紹介した．
Band Gap Energy in Silicon (2008)

The band gap energy Eg in silicon was found by exploiting the linear relationship between the temperature and voltage for the constant current in the temperature range of 275 K to 333 K. Within the precision of our experiment, the results obtained are in good agreement with the known value energy gap in silicon. The temperature dependence of Eg for silicon has also been studied.
Use of clones increases the power of physiological experiments on coastal Douglas‐fir (1996)

The statistical benefit of reduced variability in experiments with clones was quantified with cold hardy Douglas‐fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) ramets from six clones from a single full‐sib family and a check group of open‐pollinated seedlings from a bulk seed collection from the same geographic seed source. All groups were cold deacclimated under controlled conditions. The variability in response for physiological attributes (cold hardiness, root growth potential, days to bud‐break) was compared within and among groups by using statistical power analyses. Sample sizes required to detect significant differences of varying magnitude between two hypothetical treatment means were calculated. Differences among clones in the average response exhibited for each physiological attribute were large, but within‐clone variability was low, relative to the check group of seedlings. Selection of plant material for a hypothetical experiment from this population of several identifiable clones would have consistently resulted in an experiment with greater power than an experiment using these ramets without the clone identities. From a statistical perspective, the best approach to reduce the number of replicates needed to detect treatment differences was selection of experimental plant material from a single clone, especially with prior screening for the most homogeneous clone for the physiological attributes and time periods of interest. However, from a biological perspective, use of a single clone should be approached with caution because of the lack of representation of natural population variability and the possible inability to broadly apply experimental results.
The Representation Jensen-Rényi Divergence (2021)

We introduce a divergence measure between data distributions based on operators in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces defined by kernels. The empirical estimator of the divergence is computed using the eigenvalues of positive definite Gram matrices that are obtained by evaluating the kernel over pairs of data points. The new measure shares similar properties to Jensen-Shannon divergence. Convergence of the proposed estimators follows from concentration results based on the difference between the ordered spectrum of the Gram matrices and the integral operators associated with the population quantities. The proposed measure of divergence avoids the estimation of the probability distribution underlying the data. Numerical experiments involving comparing distributions and applications to sampling unbalanced data for classification show that the proposed divergence can achieve state of the art results.
Comprehensive Study on 2.5D Package Design for Board-Level Reliability in Thermal Cycling and Power Cycling (2018)

2.5D packages have been widely used in electronics industry for high performance and product miniaturization. As Through-Silicon-Via (TSV) fabrication methods and multi-level assembly technologies get mature, 2.5D packaging becomes reliable and affordable. In this work, board-level life prediction was performed for a 2.5D Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) assembly in both accelerated thermal cycling and power cycling. Finite element models were built and validated by warpage measurement. Solder fatigue life in power cycling was investigated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and finite element analysis. Improved life prediction for power cycling was achieved by mapping temperature results from CFD model to finite element model. Parametric studies regarding geometry and material factors were performed including PCB, substrate, thermal interface material (TIM) and lid adhesive, to give design suggestions to improve board-level thermal reliability. Maximum junction temperature of a 2.5D FPGA package is dependent on application scenarios and working environment. It is found that the designed maximum junction temperature and applied heatsink clamping force have considerable influences on board-level reliability.
Synthesis of (4aR, 10aS)-(—)-8-Methoxy-1,1,4a-trimethyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene, an Optically Active Intermediate for the Synthesis of Diterpenes (1986)

(4aR,10aS)-(—)-8-Methoxy-1,1,4a-trimethyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene, a useful intermediate for the synthesis of optically active diterpenes, was synthesized from (S)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanone.
Cabozantinib versus placebo in patients (pts) with radioiodine-refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) who progressed after prior VEGFR-targeted therapy: Outcomes in prespecified subgroups based on histology subtypes. (2022)

6081 Background: DTC comprises multiple histology subtypes, the most common being papillary and follicular. Based on results of the phase 3 COSMIC-311 trial, the multikinase inhibitor cabozantinib was recently approved by FDA for the treatment of pts with RAIR DTC who progressed after prior VEGFR-targeted therapy (Brose et al. 2021). In an extended follow-up, median (m) progression-free survival (PFS) was 11 months (mo) for cabozantinib vs 1.9 mo for placebo (HR 0.22, 96% CI 0.15–0.32, P&lt;.0001) in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population (Capdevila et al. ESMO 2021. Abstr LBA67). Here we present outcomes for prespecified subgroups based on the baseline histology subtypes of papillary and follicular thyroid cancers. Methods: Pts were randomized 2:1 to cabozantinib (60 mg QD) or placebo. Placebo pts could cross over to open-label cabozantinib upon disease progression per blinded independent radiology committee (BIRC). Primary endpoints were PFS (ITT) and objective response rate (ORR, first 100 randomized pts), per RECIST v1.1 assessed by BIRC. Results: After a median follow-up of 10.1 mo, 258 pts (170 cabozantinib, 88 placebo) had been randomized (data cutoff 8 Feb 2021); 150 pts (96 cabozantinib, 54 placebo) had papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and 113 pts (78 cabozantinib, 35 placebo) had follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), with the PTC and FTC subgroups each including 5 pts with both PTC and FTC. Sixty-three pts (̃56%) within the FTC subgroup had Hurthle cell and poorly differentiated variants. mPFS was 9.2 mo for cabozantinib vs 1.9 mo for placebo in the PTC subgroup (HR 0.27, 95% CI 0.17–0.43) and 11.2 mo vs 2.6 mo in the FTC subgroup (HR 0.18, 95% CI 0.10–0.31). The mPFS was 11.1 mo for cabozantinib and 1.9 mo for placebo for pts with Hurthle cell and poorly differentiated variants (HR 0.12, 95% CI 0.05–0.27). The ORR was 15% for cabozantinib vs 0% for placebo in the PTC subgroup and 8% vs 0% in the FTC subgroup. Median duration of cabozantinib exposure was 5.5 mo for the PTC subgroup and 7.3 mo for FTC. Grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE) in the cabozantinib arm occurred in 59% of pts in the PTC subgroup and 68% of pts in the FTC subgroup; discontinuations due to TEAE occurred in 17% and 15% of pts, respectively. Conclusions: In the extended follow-up, cabozantinib maintained superior efficacy vs placebo irrespective of histology subtype, including the aggressive Hurthle cell and poorly differentiated variants. The moderately higher rates of grade 3/4 TEAE in the FTC vs the PTC subgroup could be attributed to the longer median duration of exposure of cabozantinib in the FTC subgroup. Clinical trial information: NCT03690388.
The Meeting (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heterocycles Derived from Heteroatom-Substituted Carbenes (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeterocycles Derived from Heteroatom-Substituted CarbenesYing Cheng and Otto Meth-CohnView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, and Chemistry Department, Sunderland University, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, United Kingdom Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 5, 2507–2530Publication Date (Web):March 6, 2004Publication History Received6 August 2003Published online6 March 2004Published inissue 1 May 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr030604whttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr030604wresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2001Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbene compounds,Heterocyclic compounds,Hydrocarbons,Ketones,Organic reactions Get e-Alerts
Cochlear Implants: Principles and Practices (2000)

HEARING AND HEARING LOSS Auditory Physiology and Perception Bradford J. May and John K. Niparko Brain Plasticity: The Impact of the Environment on the Brain as It Relates to Hearing and Deafness David K. Ryugo, Elizabeth E. Redd, and Charles J. Limb The Epidemiology of Hearing Loss: How Prevalent Is Hearing Loss? John K. Niparko and Yuri Agrawal Inner Ear Pathology in Severe to Profound Mark Almond and David J. Brown Correlates of Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Their Effects on Hearing Aid Benefit and Implications for Cochlear Implantation Ryan Carpenter THE COCHLEAR IMPLANT The History of Cochlear Implants Marc Eisen The Design of Cochlear Implants Blake S. Wilson and Michael F. Dorman ASSESSMENT OF CANDIDACY FOR A COCHLEAR IMPLANT Assessment of Candidacy for Cochlear Implantation John K. Niparko, Cristiano Lingua, and Ryan M. Carpenter Parental Response to the Diagnosis of Hearing Loss Nancy K. Mellon Maternal Attachment and Adjustment: Impact on Child Outcomes Nancy K. Mellon Psychosocial Development of Deaf Children Nancy K. Mellon Motor Skills in Childhood Deafness Betty Schopmeyer COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION PROCEDURES Medical and Surgical Aspects of Cochlear Implantation Debara L. Tucci and Thomas M. Pilkington Vestibular Function and Cochlear Implantation Charles Della Santina RESULTS AND OUTCOMES OF COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION Clinical Investigations of Cochlear Implant Performance Karen Iler Kirk and Sangsook Choi Music Perception in Cochlear Implant Users Patrick J. Donnelly and Charles J. Limb Outcomes in Cochlear Implantation: Assessment of Quality of Life Impact and Economic Evaluation of the Benefits of the Cochlear Implant in Relation to Costs Frank Lin, John K. Niparko, and Howard W. Francis DEVELOPMENT AND COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION Language and Speech Acquisition Nancy K. Mellon Reading and Deafness Betty Schopmeyer Rehabilitation for the Hearing Impaired: An Historical Perspective Mark Ross Rehabilitation After Cochlear Implantation Amy McConkey Robbins Education and Childhood Deafness: Changing Choices and New Challenges Sue Archbold and Gerard O'Donoghue Classroom Strategies for Early Learners with Cochlear Implants Mary O'Leary Kane, Shelley Howard-Robinson, Jennifer L. Mertes, and Christa Lopez Tamparong CULTURAL AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION The Cultural Implications of Cochlear Implantation John K. Niparko The Implications of Parental Choice of Communication Mode: Understanding the Options Nancy K. Mellon
CONCEPT OF SUPER SMART VEHICLE SYSTEMS AND THEIR RELATION TO ADVANCED VEHICLE CONTROL SYSTEMS (1992)

The Super Smart Vehicle System (SSVS), proposed under support of the Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry, is a new information system that 20 to 30 years from now will solve problems caused by automobiles and automobile traffic. Its solutions will be based on previous research and development of driver information systems and vehicle control systems in Japan. The current status and problems of automobiles and automobile traffic in Japan are described. Large cities in Japan are characterized by excessively high density, which is the main cause of the problems. Then histories of vehicle control systems are explained. Japan has a long history in vehicle control systems, which include driver assistance systems and automatic driving systems. Advanced vehicle control systems (AVCSs) are a main research theme of the SSVS. The SSVS deals with four fields: information systems for a single vehicle, for inter-vehicles, and for vehicle-to-road relations; and studies on vehicle-to-driver relations. Some of system candidates relating to AVCS proposed for the SSVS are introduced.
Silanol dyes for solar cells: higher efficiency and significant durability (2010)

Abstract Azobenzene‐containing silanol dyes were synthesized, and their applicability to dye‐sensitized solar cells was investigated. Silanol dyes showed better effectiveness when compared with conventional carboxy‐substituted azobenzene dyes. Moreover, silanol dyes showed better durability than carboxyl dyes; ∼90% of silanol dyes remained intact on the TiO 2 electrode of the solar cell after being immersed in water for 96 h, whereas in the case of carboxy dyes this figure was less than 20%. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Transcription : mechanisms and regulation (1994)

This volume provides an up-to-date account of recent research on the basic transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern gene expression. Leading international experts present concise yet thorough reviews of a large number of very productive lines of research, with particular emphasis on biochemical investigations of the structures and mechanisms of action of bacterial, viral, and eukaryotic RNA polymerases and the transcription factors that control their activities throughout the transcription cycle. Each review is written for an audience of both students and specialists and include discussions of the progress of research in a particular area, the key issues and questions currently engaging investigators, and the evolving research strategies and technologies used to address those questions.
DRAF: A Low-Power DRAM-Based Reconfigurable Acceleration Fabric (2017)

The DRAM-Based Reconfigurable Acceleration Fabric (DRAF) uses commodity DRAM technology to implement a bit-level, reconfigurable fabric that improves area density by 10 times and power consumption by more than 3 times over conventional field-programmable gate arrays. Latency overlapping and multicontext support allow DRAF to meet the performance and density requirements of demanding applications in data center and mobile environments.
Cytochromes P450 (2002)

There are 272 cytochrome P450 genes (including 26 pseudogenes) in the Arabidopsis genome. P450s thus form one of the largest families of proteins in higher plants. This explosion of the P450 family is thought to have occurred via gene duplication and conversion, and to result from the need of sessile plants to adapt to a harsh environment and to protect themselves from pathogens and predators. P450s sometimes share less than 20% identity and catalyze extremely diverse reactions. Their biological functions range from the synthesis of structural macromolecules such as lignin, cutin or suberin, to the synthesis or catabolism of all types of hormone or signaling molecules, the synthesis of pigments and defense compounds, and to the metabolism of xenobiotics. In despite of a huge acceleration in our understanding of plant P450 functions in the recent years, the vast majority of these functions remain completely unknown.