gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Security of Distributed, Ubiquitous, and Embedded Computing Platforms (2008)

Abstract As embedded computer systems continue to explode in number and capability, security and privacy challenges abound. We review desirable security properties and the design constraints posed by these systems that make security difficult. We summarize current research by focusing on solutions for ad hoc networks, wireless sensor networks, and RFID tags as representative of the design space. State‐of‐the‐art protocols and approaches for defeating or mitigating attacks at the physical, network and middleware layers are presented. Critical application areas and research needs are identified, as are possible funding sources.
Stable CO2 and N2O laser design (1980)

A complete working design for highly stable grating controlled N2O and CO2 lasers is presented. The lasers are suitable for general high resolution spectroscopy, frequency mixing and clock applications.
The Bacteriology of Whooping-Cough (1906)

Journal Article The Bacteriology of Whooping-Cough Get access David J. Davis David J. Davis Memorial Institute for Infectious Diseases, Chicago Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 3, Issue 1, 2 March 1906, Pages 1–36, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/3.1.1 Published: 02 March 1906
Sequence-to-Dependency Neural Machine Translation (2017)

Translation (NMT) model generates translations from left to right as a linear sequence, during which latent syntactic structures of the target sentences are not explicitly concerned. Inspired by the success of using syntactic knowledge of target language for improving statistical machine translation, in this paper we propose a novel Sequence-to-Dependency Neural Machine Translation (SD-NMT) method, in which the target word sequence and its corresponding dependency structure are jointly constructed and modeled, and this structure is used as context to facilitate word generations. Experimental results show that the proposed method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines on Chinese-English and Japanese-English translation tasks.
Supplementary material from "Weak radiofrequency fields affect the insect circadian clock" (2019)

It is known that the circadian clock in <i>Drosophila</i> can be sensitive to static magnetic fields (MFs). Man-made radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields have been shown to have effects on animal orientation responses at remarkably weak intensities in the nanotesla range. Here, we tested if weak broadband RF fields also affect the circadian rhythm of the German cockroach (<i>Blatella germanica</i>). We observed that static MFs slow down the cockroach clock rhythm under dim UV light, consistent with results on the <i>Drosophila</i> circadian clock. Remarkably, 300 times weaker RF fields likewise slowed down the cockroach clock in a near-zero static magnetic field. This demonstrates that the internal clock of organisms can be sensitive to weak RF fields, consequently opening the possibility of an influence of man-made RF fields on many clock-dependent events in living systems.
Small Organophosphorus-Selenium Heterocycles from the Selenation of Conjugated Ketones and Enals (2012)

Reaction of 2,4-bis(phenyl)-1,3-diselenadiphosphetane-2,4-diselenide [Woollins’ reagent, WR] with equimolar amount of α,β-unsaturated ketones [R¹C(O)C=CR² (R¹ = aryl or alkyl; R² = ­aryl)] leads to a series of novel five-membered C3P(Se)Se hetero­cycles 1-8 in 48-95% isolated yields. Furthermore, WR reacts with one equivalent of aromatic conjugated enals [RC=CC=O, R = Ph and 2-MeOC6H4] to give five-membered C3P(Se)Se heterocycles 9 and 10 via the cleavage/cyclic extension of WR molecular ring. All new compounds have been characterised spectroscopically (³¹P NMR, 77Se NMR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy) and one representative X-ray structure is reported.
A Pilot Study to Estimate the Impact of High Matrix Image Reconstruction on Chest Computed Tomography (2021)

High matrix image reconstruction significantly improves the conspicuity of imaging findings reflecting interstitial lung disease and may be useful for diagnosis or treatment response assessment.
Innentitelbild: Anion‐Trap Engineering toward Remarkable Crystallographic Reorientation and Efficient Cation Migration of Zn Ion Batteries (Angew. Chem. 44/2022) (2022)

Zink-Ionen-Batterien (ZIBs) stehen vor mehreren Herausforderungen, darunter instabile Zn-Anoden und niedrige Zn-Ionen-Übertragungszahlen. Chunyi Zhi, Wenjie Mai und Mitarbeiter schlagen in ihrem Forschungsartikel (e202210979) eine einzigartige Anioneneinfangstrategie vor, die auf der Wirt-Gast-Wechselwirkung zwischen β-CD und Anionen basiert. Damit wird die Gesamtleistung (Kapazität und Stabilität) von ZIBs durch die Verstärkung des Zn-Ionentransfers und durch die Bildung reorientierter Zn(002)- Flächen auf der Zn-Anode erheblich verbessert.
Complex Dielectric Constant of Liquid Crystal Materials Containing Ionic Impurities in Low Frequency Region (1998)

Abstract The dielectric properties of liquid crystal materials containing ionic impurities are analyzed in terms of space charge polarization. The theoretical expressions of the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss factor are derived by solving a diffusion equation for mobile ions under an AC field. Numerical calculations are performed using the theoretical expressions and the frequency dependent dielectric behaviors are simulated. The calculated curves for the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss factor exhibit a dielectric dispersion and a dielectric absorption respectively in a low frequency region, and successfully trace the observed curves obtained for liquid crystal materials 4-n-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) by means of curve fitting with the parameters of the diffusion coefficient and the density of mobile ions.
High Frequency Hydraulic Vibrators (1971)

Hydraulic vibrators which are powerful, cheap and compact are described and theory for their performance prediction is given. They are of use where high forces are required on structures of high dynamic stiffness at frequencies up to 1 kHz.
Wavefront control for the Gemini Planet Imager (2006)

The wavefront control strategy for the proposed Gemini Planet Imager, an extreme adaptive optics coronagraph for planet detection, is presented. Two key parts of this strategy are experimentally verified in a testbed at the Laboratory for Adaptive Optics, which features a 32 × 32 MEMS device. Detailed analytic models and algorithms for Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor alignment and calibration are presented. It is demonstrated that with these procedures, the spatially filtered WFS and the Fourier Transform reconstructor can be used to flatten to the MEMS to 1 nm RMS in the controllable band. Performance is further improved using the technique of modifying the reference slopes using a measurement of the static wavefront error in the science leg.
Adaptive control of virtualized resources in utility computing environments (2007)

Data centers are often under-utilized due to over-provisioning as well as time-varying resource demands of typical enterprise applications. One approach to increase resource utilization is to consolidate applications in a shared infrastructure using virtualization. Meeting application-level quality of service (QoS) goals becomes a challenge in a consolidated environment as application resource needs differ. Furthermore, for multi-tier applications, the amount of resources needed to achieve their QoS goals might be different at each tier and may also depend on availability of resources in other tiers. In this paper, we develop an adaptive resource control system that dynamically adjusts the resource shares to individual tiers in order to meet application-level QoS goals while achieving high resource utilization in the data center. Our control system is developed using classical control theory, and we used a black-box system modeling approach to overcome the absence of first principle models for complex enterprise applications and systems. To evaluate our controllers, we built a testbed simulating a virtual data center using Xen virtual machines. We experimented with two multi-tier applications in this virtual data center: a two-tier implementation of RUBiS, an online auction site, and a two-tier Java implementation of TPC-W. Our results indicate that the proposed control system is able to maintain high resource utilization and meets QoS goals in spite of varying resource demands from the applications.
A CMOS-compatible, high RF power, Asymmetric-LDD MOSFET with excellent linearity (2008)

We report the performance of 0.18 mum RF power MOSFETs with an Asymmetric-Lightly-Doped-Drain (LDD) design. Such devices do not have an n-type drain extension and exhibited better characteristics than conventional MOSFETs at same gate length. The devices showed a DC breakdown voltage of 6.9 V, a 0.54 W/mm power density, 115 GHz f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> , and a good adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) linearity, as well as a 52% drain efficiency at 2.4 GHz.
Erratum (2004)

July 12, 2004 Dear Editor: This letter is in reference to “Intravitreal Injection of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Small Interfering RNA Inhibits Growth and Leakage in the Nonhuman Primate, Laser-Induced Model of Choroidal Neovascularization” by MJ Tolentino, MD, AJ Brucker, MD, J Fosnot, MD, G-S Ying, MS, I-H Wu, MSC, G Malik, MD, S Wan, PhD, and SJ Reich, BA (Retina 2004;24(1):132–138). Soon after publication of the article, the lead author informed the biostatistician (G-S Ying) that the data-set provided to the biostatistician for statistical analysis had an error in linking the codes for each animal with the gradings for angiographic leakage. Therefore, the results reported for the effect of treatment on leakage were not correct. A dataset with correct linkage of the leakage gradings was not available for statistical analysis. The angiograms were regraded for leakage in a masked fashion by an independent and experienced angiographic reader. For regrading, the reader reviewed all frames of the angiogram to assess leakage. Eyes with early fluorescence and late leakage were classified as having significant leakage. This procedure differed from the original grading in which a selected frame from each of the early and late phases of the angiogram was reviewed and eyes with moderate or extensive leakage, but not mild leakage, were classified as having significant leakage. Using the results of the regrading, the percentage of laser spots with significant leakage was calculated for each dose level and time point, corresponding to Figure 3 of the initial publication. Comparison of the percentage of spots with significant leakage across the four dose levels showed no consistent dose-response relationship over time (15, 22, 29, and 36 days post-injection). There was no statistically significant effect of dose (p =0.58) when the same statistical analysis approach as used in the initial report was applied to the data from the regrading. In the initial report, there appeared to be a consistent dose-response relationship over time and a corresponding p-value of 0.0007. Accordingly, the undersigned retract the conclusions related to the leakage analysis in the original publication. All authors were given the opportunity to join in this retraction.
[[(tert-Butyl)dimethylsilyl]oxy]methyl Group for Sulfur Protection (2011)

Aromatic and aliphatic thiols can be protected by reaction with t-BuMe(2)SiOCH(2)Cl in DMF in the presence of a base (2,6-lutidine or proton sponge); the resulting t-BuMe(2)SiOCH(2)SR or t-BuMe(2)SiOCH(2)SAr are deprotected by sequential treatment with Bu(4)NF and I(2) to give symmetrical disulfides. Another mode of deprotection involves reaction with a sulfenyl chloride; this process gives an unsymmetrical disulfide and was examined with Me(CH(2))(11)SCH(2)OSiMe(2)Bu-t and three sulfenyl chlorides.
Notes - Thermal Rearrangement of Hexamethyldisilane to Trimethyl(dimethylsilylmethyl)silane (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Thermal Rearrangement of Hexamethyldisilane to Trimethyl(dimethylsilylmethyl)silaneKyo Shiina and Makoto KumadaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 1, 139Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1958Publication History Published online8 May 2003Published inissue 1 January 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01095a635https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01095a635research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views380Altmetric-Citations102LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The separation of ethylbenzene from p‐ and m‐xylene by extractive distillation using mixtures of polychloro compounds (1980)

Abstract The use of a single compound as the agent in modifying the apparent relative volatility in extractive distillation is well known. In the separation of ethylbenzene from para‐ and meta‐xylenes by extractive distillation, it was found that mixtures containing from two to four components were more effective than any known single compound. Hundreds of combinations of extractive agents were investigated in vapor‐liquid equilibrium stills, and from these, twenty‐seven different combinations of chlorinated organic compounds showed merit. The relative volatility of ethylbenzene to p ‐xylene is 1.06 and to m ‐xylene 1.08. The promising combinations were investigated in three glass perforated plate extractive distillation columns containing twelve, fifteen and nineteen theoretical plates, respectively. Of the twenty‐seven different extractive agents tested in the columns, sixteen yielded a relative volatility greater than 1.20. The best one, a mixture of pentachlorophenol, benzene hexachloride and 1,2,4‐trichlorobenzene, gave a relative volatility of 1.27. Other combinations approaching this relative volatility are pentachlorophenol, benzene hexachloride and 2,4‐dichlorotoluene giving 1.25 and polychlorobenzene, pentachlorophenol, benzene hexachloride and 1,2,4‐trichlorobenzene giving 1.26, when used in the ratio of two parts of extractive agent to one part of ethylbenzene‐xylene mixture. All the extractive agents boil sufficiently above xylene to make their recovery by distillation easy and complete. Life studies showed no excessive decomposition of any of them while in use.
An improved algorithm on Viola-Jones object detector (2012)

In image processing, Viola-Jones object detector [1] is one of the most successful and widely used object detectors. A popular implementation used by the community is the one in OpenCV. The detector shows its strong power in detecting faces, but we found it hard to be extended to other kinds of objects. The convergence of the training phase of this algorithm depends a lot on the training data. And the prediction precision stays low. In this paper, we have come up with new ideas to improve its performance for diverse object categories. We incorporated six different types of feature images into the Viola and Jones' framework. The integral image [1] used by the Viola-Jones detector is then computed on these feature images respectively instead of only on the gray image. The stage classifier in Viola-Jones detector is now trained on one of these feature images. We also present a new stopping criterion for the stage training. In addition, we integrate a key points based SVM [2] predictor into the prediction phase to improve the confidence of the detection result.
Comparison of band-gap shrinkage observed in luminescence from n+-Si with that from transport and optical absorption measurements (1983)

The luminescence data of Schmid, Thewalt, and Dumke on heavily doped n-type Si have been analyzed and compared with the published band-gap shrinkage results of infrared absorption measurements and of transport measurements in bipolar transistors with heavily doped bases. The gap shrinkage observed in luminescence behaves similarly to that observed in transport. The luminescence results are consistent with a density of filled states characteristic of a parabolic conduction band. It is argued that the comparison of the results of luminescence, absorption, and transport measurements indicates a nonrigid gap shift.
Plasma Catalytic Iron, AKI, and Death among Critically Ill Patients (2014)

Among critically ill patients, elevated plasma catalytic iron levels on arrival to the ICU are associated with a greater risk of incident AKI, RRT, and hospital mortality.
Hierarchical Nanostructures: Application to Supercapacitors (2014)

In this chapter, electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudo-capacitors, both named as supercapacitors, are introduced. Recent research trends and applications are presented to help readers understand the performance and limitations of the state-of-the-art supercapacitors, with an emphasis on the role of hierarchical nanostructures in high-performance electrodes. The working principles of supercapacitors are overviewed, and the electrochemical performance of various nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal oxide nanoparticles, and conductive polymer nanowires is discussed. The hierarchical nanostructures of these nanomaterials can enable active control of porosity and realize hybrid electrode systems benefitting from multi-functionality of the constituent materials. Various combinations of nanomaterials for building hierarchical nanostructures are reviewed, and the technical merits of these hybrid systems are discussed.
High speed optical coherence tomography image guided femto-second laser cataract surgery system (2015)

We developed the optical coherence tomography (OCT) image referenced microsurgical system for ocular anterior segment. The system combined a swept-source OCT and a femto-second laser and afford the 2D and 3D structure information to increase the efficiency and safety of the cataract procedure. The OCT imaging range was extended to achieve the 3D image from the cornea to lens posterior. The surgeons can plan the laser illumination range for the nuclear division and segmentation, and monitor the whole cataract surgery procedure using the real time OCT. The surgery system was demonstrated with an extracted pig eye and in vivo rabbit eye to verify the system performance and stability.
<title>Parallel processing for view-dependent polygonal virtual environments</title> (1999)

This paper presents a parallel algorithm for preprocessing as well as real-time navigation of view-dependent virtual environments on shared memory multiprocessors. The algorithm proceeds by hierarchical spatial subdivision of the input dataset by an octree. The parallel algorithm is robust and does not generate any artifacts such as degenerate triangles and mesh foldovers. The algorithm performance scales linearly with increase in the number of processors as well as increase in the input dataset complexity. The resulting visualization performance is fast enough to enable interleaved acquisition and modification with interactive visualization.
Monitoring Molecules in Neurosciences ; Un congrès international sponsorisé par l'AFSTAL (2022)

International audience
Structure and Catalytic Performance of Pt–Cu Bimetallic Catalysts Synthesized by a Radiation-Induced Reduction Method in the Aqueous Phase: Influence of Support Material and Sulfate Ion in the Precursor (2013)

The structure of bimetallic nanoparticles has a great impact on catalytic performance. By radiation-induced reduction of metal ions in the aqueous phase, supported bimetallic Pt–Cu catalysts were synthesized with various Cu loadings, support materials, and copper sources. These parameters had a great impact on the structural properties of Pt–Cu nanoparticles. On carbon black, Pt–Cu alloy nanoparticles were readily formed with little oxide phase. On CeO2 support, Pt–Cu was highly oxidized for the low-Cu region (Cu/Pt < 1), and Pt–Cu alloy nanoparticles were formed together with CuOx for the high-Cu region (Cu/Pt > 1). The structure of CeO2-supported catalysts obtained from two different copper sources (CuSO4 and CuCl2) suggested that such a drastic change in oxidation state is the result of two competing effects, CeO2 to oxygenate metals and the sulfate ion to stabilize them in the metallic state. The reaction characteristics in preferential CO oxidation reflected the Pt–Cu structure (oxidation state) determined by those parameters in the synthesis stage. The low-Cu oxidic samples showed excellent light-off performance, which was attributed to high oxygen transport from CeO2 to metals through the metal–CeO2 interface. The high-Cu samples comprising a Pt–Cu alloy and CuOx showed excellent selectivity, which was attributed to the metal–CuOx interface predominating over metal–CeO2. The latter exhibited 100% CO conversion in a wide temperature range in excess O2 conditions.
Discrepancies between the NMR and X-ray Structures of Uncomplexed Barstar:  Analysis Suggests That Packing Densities of Protein Structures Determined by NMR Are Unreliable, (1998)

The crystal structure of the C82A mutant of barstar, the intracellular inhibitor of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ribonuclease barnase, has been solved to a resolution of 2.8 A. The molecule crystallizes in the space group I41 with a dimer in the asymmetric unit. An identical barstar dimer is also found in the crystal structure of the barnase-barstar complex. This structure of uncomplexed barstar is compared to the structure of barstar bound to barnase and also to the structure of barstar solved using NMR. The free structure is similar to the bound state, and there are no significant main-chain differences in the 27-44 region involved in barstar binding to barnase. The C82A structure shows significant differences from the average NMR structure, both overall and in the binding region. In contrast to the crystal structure, the NMR structure shows an unusually high packing value based on the occluded surface algorithm, indicating errors in the packing of the structure. We show that the NMR structures of homologous proteins generally show large differences in packing value, while the crystal structures of such proteins have very similar packing values, suggesting that protein packing density is not well determined by NMR.