gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of gabapentin on anxiety among 306 breast cancer patients: A URCC CCOP study. (2010)

9148 Background: Anxiety is prevalent among 18%-77% of cancer patients and is associated with increased insomnia, depression, fatigue and reduced quality of life. In a previous study, we found that gabapentin is effective in reducing hot flashes among cancer patients. Gabapentin is used for treatment of anxiety disorders but there is little scientific evidence supporting its use. The aim of this secondary data analysis is to examine the effect of gabapentin on anxiety. Methods: 420 breast cancer patients experiencing ≥ 2 hot flashes a day were randomized to placebo, gabapentin 300 mg/day, or gabapentin 900 mg/day for 8 weeks (wks). Anxiety was measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at baseline, 4 and 8 wks. Results: At 4 wks, patients (n = 334) receiving gabapentin 300mg reported a reduction in anxiety (change score [CS] = -2.08, standard error [SE] = 0.89) while patients receiving gabapentin 900mg and placebo reported an increase in anxiety (900 mg CS = +0.32, SE = 0.87, placebo CS = +1.01, SE = 0.76). At 8 wks, patients (n = 306) receiving gabapentin 300mg reported a further reduction in anxiety (CS = -2.65, SE = 0.86) while patients receiving gabapentin 900mg and placebo continued to reported increases in anxiety (900 mg CS = +0.16, SE = 1.03, placebo CS = +1.89, SE = 0.97). ANCOVAs controlling for baseline anxiety revealed significantly lower anxiety at 4 and 8 wks among patients receiving gabapentin 300 mg compared to patients receiving placebo (all p < 0.05) with no significant differences between patients receiving gabapentin 900 mg and those receiving placebo. ANCOVAs also showed a significant baseline by treatment interaction at 4 wks (p < 0.05); where patients with higher baseline anxiety reported the greatest reductions in anxiety, but this interaction effect was not present at 8 wks. Conclusions: Gabapentin administered at 300 mg/day is useful in reducing anxiety experienced by breast cancer patients and may be particularly useful for patients experiencing high levels of anxiety short-term. The 300 mg dose may be more effective compared to the 900 mg dose due to an anxiety receptor-specific physiological effect and/or the combination of fewer drug-related toxicities resulting from the lower dose. Funding: U10CA37420 and K07CA132916. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Urinary biomarker and histopathological evaluation of vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam nephrotoxicity in comparison with vancomycin in a rat model and a confirmatory cellular model (2019)

Abstract Introduction Vancomycin and piperacillin tazobactam (VAN+TZP) are two of the most commonly utilized antibiotics in the hospital setting and are reported in clinical studies to increase acute kidney injury (AKI). However, no clinical study has demonstrated that synergistic toxicity occurs, only that serum creatinine (SCr) increases with VAN+TZP. The purpose of this study was to assess biologic plausibility by quantifying kidney injury between VAN, TZP, and VAN+TZP treatments using a translational rat model of AKI and rat kidney epithelial cell studies. Methods (i) Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=32) received either saline, VAN 150 mg/kg/day intravenously, TZP 1400 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal injection, or VAN+TZP. Animals were placed in metabolic cages pre-study and on drug dosing days 1-3. Urinary biomarkers and histopathology were analyzed. (ii) Cellular injury of VAN+TZP was assessed in serum-deprived rat kidney cells (NRK-52E) using an alamarBlue® viability assay. Cells were incubated with antibiotics VAN, TZP, cefepime, and gentamicin alone or combined with the same drugs plus VAN 1 mg/mL. Results In the VAN-treated rats, urinary KIM-1 and clusterin were increased on days 1, 2, and 3 compared to controls (P&lt;0.001). Elevations were seen only after 3 days of treatment with VAN+TZP (P&lt;0.001 KIM-1, P&lt;0.05 clusterin). Histopathology was only elevated in the VAN group when compared to TZP as a control (P=0.04). Results were consistent across biomarkers and histopathology suggesting that adding TZP did not worsen VAN induced AKI and may even be protective. In NRK-52E cells, VAN alone caused moderate cell death with high doses (IC 50 48.76 mg/mL). TZP alone did not cause cellular death under the same conditions. VAN+TZP was not different from VAN alone in NRK-52E cells (P&gt;0.2). Conclusions VAN+TZP does not cause more kidney injury than VAN alone in a rat model of VIKI or in rat kidney epithelial cells.
Experimental study of anisotropic and dispersive effects on carbon-epoxy composite using laser generated ultrasound (2003)

New contactless techniques using laser-generated ultrasound are applied to the inspection of composite materials. Experimental results are obtained with a 1- mu s pulse dye laser excitation and a piezoelectric detection on half cylindrical composite samples. The measurements are taken in two different lay-up design composites (carbon/epoxy: unidirectional and cross-ply 0 degrees /45 degrees /90 degrees /-45 degrees ). Angular directivity patterns of quasi-longitudinal, quasi-shear, and shear waves are presented. Velocities of the different types of waves simultaneously generated are compared to the phase and group velocities computed using Christoffel equations and a hexagonal mode. It is shown that with this point-source measurement technique the wavefront arrival times agree with the group velocity rather than with the phase velocity. At higher frequencies, a large dispersive effect for the longitudinal and shear elastic waves propagating along the plies of the cross-ply composite is emphasized. Experiments performed in the frequency range of 0.5-4 MHz show velocity variations from 5600 to 2200 m/s (3600-1600) for longitudinal (shear) waves.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Noninvasive Imaging of Treated Cerebral Aneurysms, Part I: MR Angiographic Follow-Up of Coiled Aneurysms (2007)

MRA is emerging as an alternative to conventional catheter based angiography for the assessment of aneurysms after endovascular treatment. Short TE and contrast enhanced MRA techniques can be applied to optimize image quality. We review the available data regarding the application of MR for the assessment of cerebral aneurysms after endovascular therapy.
Long-Term Performance of a Generic Intrusion Detection Method Using Doc2vec (2017)

Cyber attack techniques in cyberspace are evolving every second, and detecting unknown malicious communication is a challenging task. Pattern-matching-based techniques and using malicious website blacklists are not effective, because the attacker can easily change the traffic pattern or the attack infrastructure. There are many behavior based detection methods which use the characteristic of drive-by-download attacks or C&C traffic. However, many previous methods specialize the attack techniques and the adaptability is limited. Moreover, they have to decide the feature vectors every attack method. Accordingly, we propose a generic detection method which is independent of attack methods and does not need devising feature vectors. This method uses Paragraph Vector an unsupervised algorithm that learns fixed-length feature representations from variable-length pieces of texts, such as sentences, paragraphs, and documents, and learns the context in proxy server logs. This paper reveals the long-term performance and the effectiveness to the other dataset. This paper conducts timeline analysis with the dataset which contains captured traffic from Exploit Kit (EK) between 2014 and 2017. This paper also demonstrates cross-dataset validation by showing that an automated feature extraction scheme learned from one dataset can be used successfully for classification on another dataset. The experimental results show the proposed method is effective over three years, and effective on another dataset too. The proposed method achieves an F-measure of 0.95 in the timeline analysis and an F-measure of 0.96 on the other dataset.
A Dual-band Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna Array for 5G Applications (2019)

A dual-band 1×2 rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) array operating at 5th generation (5G) mobile communication bands is presented in this paper. The dimensions of rectangular dielectric resonator antenna are calculated, and its TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">111</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sup> and TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">113</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sup> modes are utilized for this dual-band design. The microstrip Wilkinson power divider is used to feed the array. The simulated results demonstrate that the DRA array covers the 5G bands (3.3-3.6 GHz and 4.8-5.0 GHz) and enhance the gain. Furthermore, the DRA array is fabricated and measured and the measured results are in good agreement with simulated results.
IS THE FED FACILITATING AN UNPLEASANT FISCAL ARITHMETIC (2007)

Is the United States headed for an unprecedented economic disaster? The fact that prominent economists are posing that question says something about what they may be expecting. For example, in the St. Louis Fed’s Review, Kotlikoff (2006) argues that the United States is headed for bankruptcy. Federal expenditure commitments on account of massive government entitlement programs are growing larger and becoming less reversible. The traditional perspective on how significant inconsistencies between outstanding government liabilities and the government’s future expected budget balances are resolved suggests that higher inflation could be the mechanism by which those two items are realigned with each other. There is ongoing debate about whether faster inflation would occur because the Federal Reserve would eventually be forced to support the government’s future debt-financed expenditures through monetary accommodation or whether a sudden realignment of prices could occur even without an independent or fiscally induced monetary expansion—following the predictions of the so-called fiscal theory of the price level (FTPL). This article first outlines the scope of the prospective U.S. federal budget crunch by reporting the federal “fiscal imbalance ” and its components. The fiscal imbalance measure compares, in present value terms, outstanding debt plus the government’s aggregate noninterest spending commitments with its future revenues under current policies. Latest available calculations suggest that the federal fiscal imbalance equals $63.7 trillion. The Social Security program contributes $7.7 trillion to that amount. Assuming that annual general
Health Risk Assessment From Heavy Metals Derived From Drinking Water and Rice, and Correlation With CKDu (2022)

Rice is the staple food of most Asians, including Sri Lankans. It is cultivated extensively in the dry zonal regions in Sri Lanka such as the Polonnaruwa district, where the prevalence of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) is higher. We investigated the concentrations of potentially toxic heavy metal(loid)s in groundwater and locally produced rice and correlated their exposure with the prevalence of CKDu. We studied human health exposure risks such as total daily intake (TDI), hazard quotient, hazard index, and carcinogenic risk (CR) from the consumption of groundwater and rice. In well-water, the concentrations of heavy metal(loid)s, cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) were below the World Health Organization (WHO) stipulated allowable limits. Except for Pb, contents of other heavy metal(loid) in all rice samples were lower than maximum permissible limits by the WHO (0.02 mg/kg). Twenty-three per cent (23%) of rice samples analyzed exceeded the permissible limit for TDI of Pb, and analysis of hazard index for Cd, As, and Pb revealed 26% of rice samples could result in a health risk through the consumption of rice in this population. Further, the outcome depicted no CR of Cd, As, and Pb by consuming rice in this study area. We recommended further studies and investigations to minimize or eliminate potential risks from chronic Pb exposure to consumers.
Integrating the Data Augmentation Scheme with Various Classifiers for Acoustic Scene Modeling (2019)

This technical report describes the IOA team's submission for TASK1A of DCASE2019 challenge. Our acoustic scene classification (ASC) system adopts a data augmentation scheme employing generative adversary networks. Two major classifiers, 1D deep convolutional neural network integrated with scalogram features and 2D fully convolutional neural network integrated with Mel filter bank features, are deployed in the scheme. Other approaches, such as adversary city adaptation, temporal module based on discrete cosine transform and hybrid architectures, have been developed for further fusion. The results of our experiments indicates that the final fusion systems A-D could achieve an accuracy higher than 85% on the officially provided fold 1 evaluation dataset.
Mechanism of the Reaction of Nucleophiles >P-O- with the C-Br Bond. Bromophosphate as an Intermediate (1996)

Abstract The reaction of the ions >P-O− and >P-S− with a-bromocarboxylic esters proceeds through the nucleophilic displacement on bromine which results in the release of an enol anion as a nucleofuge.
Quantitative histopathology of Oreochromis niloticus gills after copper exposure (2008)

In order to test whether histopathological changes of gills demonstrated a good dose–response relationship with water copper levels, juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus , of both sexes and similar mass (36·3 + 7·7 g), were kept in dechlorinated tap water (temperature 25° C, range ±1° C; pH 6·5–7·5; hardness 74·5 mg l −1 CaCO 3 ) and exposed to 40 and 400 μg l −1 of copper. Gill samples were collected after 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. Six major histopathological changes (oedema, lifting, changes in filament epithelium thickness, lamellar fusion, vasodilatation and aneurisms) and three minor ones (proliferation of the lamellar epithelium, necrosis and adjacent lamellar fusion) were found and their prevalence estimated. The extent and severity of each histopathological change were used to develop a severity gradation scale (SGS). Semi‐quantitative analysis of the histopathological changes and measurements of gill copper deposition levels revealed a good dose– and time–response relationship. Oedemas and aneurisms were significantly correlated with acute exposure periods and lamellar fusion with chronic exposure. Epithelial lifting and changes in filament epithelial thickness were seen at lower and higher metal concentrations, respectively. The data also revealed that the SGS profile of each lesion was dependent of gill copper burden.
Replacing benzyl chloride with benzyl alcohol in heterogeneous catalytic benzylation of aromatic compounds (2012)

Comparative catalytic liquid-phase benzylation of aromatic compouds (e.g., benzene and ethylbenzene) to diphenylmethane (DPM) derivatives with benzyl alcohol (BnOH) was investigated over various catalysts like zeolite (HSZ 600 mordenite, CBV 20A mordenite, H-beta zeolites with Si/Al ratios of 10.8 and 35.8, respectively) and nano-structured inorganic fluorides (MgF 2 ) at 80–120 °C under atmospheric pressure. The reactions were carried out in batch reactors using two methodologies: (i) by introducing both the solution of substrate and BnOH at the beginning of the reaction, and (ii) by drop-wise addition of BnOH (1–2 drops/min for 4 h) to the reaction mixture. The analysis of the reaction products indicated that the conversion and product distribution depend on the experimental method and the nature of the catalyst. The reaction rate was found to correlate to the nucleophilicity of the substrates and their ability to delocalize the positive charge in the Wheland intermediate by inductive and resonance effects.
Supplementary document for Multicolor structured illumination microscopy and quantitative control of polychromatic light with a digital micromirror device - 5251324.pdf (2021)

Supplemental text and figures
Use of a Dye-Dilution Technic to Demonstrate Biliary Calculi in the Operative Cholangiogram (1972)

HUR, KYUNG B. M.D.; PARK, YANG O. M.D.; RICE, ROBERTA G. M.D.; MIN, KWANG S. M.D. Author Information
A digital workflow for design and fabrication of bespoke orthoses using 3D scanning and 3D printing, a patient-based case study (2020)

This study demonstrates the development and application of a novel workflow for designing and fabricating orthoses, using a combination of 3D scanning and 3D printing technologies. The workflow is applied to a clinically relevant translational case study in a patient with a neurological disorder and complex clinical needs. All traditional and commercial approaches to helping the patient's cervical instability and resulting 'head-drop' had previously failed, with associated progressive deterioration in the patient's clinical state and posture. The workflow was developed to design and fabricate a bespoke device for this patient with no viable alternative therapy. The workflow was developed to generate 3D printable geometry from obtained 3D scan data. The workflow includes algorithms to relax geometry, distribute material efficiently and for variational cutting of orthosis padding material. The 3D patient scan was validated against actual measurements to ensure accuracy of measurements. A total of four prototypes were produced with each iteration being improved based on patient and clinical feedback. There was a progressive improvement in subjective feedback through each iteration at sites of discomfort and overall comfort score. There was a marked improvement in the patient's posture with correction at the cervical and lumbar spine with the 3D-printed padded collar being worn for 4 hour periods. This study has implications for the rapid production of personalised orthoses which can help reduce patient waiting time, improve patient compliance, reduce pain and reduce further deterioration. The workflow could form the basis for an integrated process, whereby a single hospital visit results in a bespoke orthosis optimised and personalised for each patient.
Stereoselective Synthesis of endo-7-Halo-3-Oxo-2-Azabicyclo[4.1.0]Heptanes by Reductive Hydrodehalogenation of gem-Dihalocyclopropanes (2011)

The reduction of 7-gem-dihalo-3-oxo-2-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptanes with metallic zinc yielded stereoselective synthesis of novel heterocyclic endo-7-halo-3-oxo-2-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptanes in good to high yields without any evidence for the formation of corresponding exo-isomers. The prepared heterocyclic compounds were characterized by various techniques and their stereochemistry was established on the basis of the values of the coupling constants for H-1, H-5, H-6 and H-7 by recording homonuclear spin-spin decoupled 1H NMR spectra. The developed protocol has many advantages such as simple reaction conditions, lower cost, high yields, and selective synthesis of novel heterocyclic cyclopropyl compounds present in a large number of biologically active natural products and pharmaceuticals compounds. Keywords: Cyclopropane derivatives, Heterocyclic compound, Monohydrodehalogenation, Reduction, Stereoselective synthesis, bio-medicinal chemistry, monohalocarbene, P-heterocycles, triethyl phosphate, Pharmaceutical, Cinnamaldehyde, Characterization Data, hydroxide, chromatrography, Stereochemistry
Safe Stop Trajectory Planning for Highly Automated Vehicles: An Optimal Control Problem Formulation (2018)

Highly automated road vehicles need the capability of stopping safely in a situation that disrupts continued normal operation, e.g. due to internal system faults. Motion planning for safe stop differs from nominal motion planning, since there is not a specific goal location. Rather, the desired behavior is that the vehicle should reach a stopped state, preferably outside of active lanes. Also, the functionality to stop safely needs to be of high integrity. The first contribution of this paper is to formulate the safe stop problem as a benchmark optimal control problem, which can be solved by dynamic programming. However, this solution method cannot be used in real-time. The second contribution is to develop a real-time safe stop trajectory planning algorithm, based on selection from a precomputed set of trajectories. By exploiting the particular properties of the safe stop problem, the cardinality of the set is decreased, making the algorithm computationally efficient. Furthermore, a monitoring based architecture concept is proposed, that ensures dependability of the safe stop function. Finally, a proof of concept simulation using the proposed architecture and the safe stop trajectory planner is presented.
Minimizing the Effect of Feedback Delay in a Multi-User System through Adaptive Feedback Scheduling (2013)

In this paper, we analyze the downlink performance of a multi-user system consisting of mobile users with wide range of velocity. We categorize these users into different groups on the basis of their velocity range and study the impact of feedback delay on each group for closed-loop transmit beamforming. Based on this analysis, we propose an adaptive feedback-scheduling algorithm to minimize the effect of feedback delay on the performance of the system. We derive generalized performance measuring expressions for the proposed algorithm and carry out simulations to validate the analysis.
Constrained chemical equilibrium and incompletely specified elemental abundance data (1991)

Abstract A general method for the computation of equilibrium composition in the presence of linear equilibrium constraints on chemical potentials is described for use in a standard general‐purpose algorithm. The existence of constraints, implied by product specifications or measured product distribution, is related to incomplete specification of elemental abundances and has implications for feed composition. The method is illustrated by two examples: SO 2 removal from stack gas and catalytic reforming. The distinction between equilibrium subject to equilibrium constraints on chemical potentials and that subject to stoichiometric restrictions is emphasized.
Standardising the interpretation of liver biopsies in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease clinical trials (2019)

The operating properties of the modifications proposed should be evaluated prospectively to determine reliability and responsiveness.
Cooperative range-based navigation using a beacon with circular motion installed on board the support platform (2019)

This work addresses the observability analysis for a cooperative range-based navigation system that uses a beacon with circular motion installed on board the support platform to find the location of an underwater vehicle. A nonlinear model is first obtained in order to describe the motion of the vehicle and the beacon, that is attached to the tip of a 1 DoF rotating arm (deployed from a stationary support platform or vessel). A state-space realization is obtained and augmented in order to convert the nonlinear system into a Linear Time Varying (LTV) system. Then, the observability analysis is performed for the new system considering its equivalence since the state trajectories of the LTV system have one-to-one correspondence to the state trajectories of the nonlinear system. We show that, when the vehicle moves in circles or in straight lines, it is possible to ensure observability by rotating the arm that has the beacon attached. This result is important from a theoretical point of view, and represents a new way of implementing range-based navigation systems, without relying on deviation of the vehicle's mission or the need of another vehicle to ensure observability.