gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How to Protect ADS-B: Confidentiality Framework and Efficient Realization Based on Staged Identity-Based Encryption (2016)

Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is one of the key technologies for future “e-Enabled” aircrafts. ADS-B uses avionics in the e-Enabled aircrafts to broadcast essential flight data such as call sign, altitude, heading, and other extra positioning information. On the one hand, ADS-B brings significant benefits to the aviation industry, but, on the other hand, it could pose security concerns as channels between ground controllers and aircrafts for the ADS-B communication are not secured, and ADS-B messages could be captured by random individuals who own ADS-B receivers. In certain situations, ADS-B messages contain sensitive information, particularly when communications occur among mission-critical civil airplanes. These messages need to be protected from any interruption and eavesdropping. The challenge here is to construct an encryption scheme that is fast enough for very frequent encryption and that is flexible enough for effective key management. In this paper, we propose a Staged Identity-Based Encryption (SIBE) scheme, which modifies Boneh and Franklin's original IBE scheme to address those challenges, that is, to construct an efficient and functional encryption scheme for ADS-B system. Based on the proposed SIBE scheme, we provide a confidentiality framework for future e-Enabled aircraft with ADS-B capability.
In-service quality improvement activities (telecommunication products) (1988)

Reports on the quality improvement activities of a Japanese telecommunication manufacturer, focusing on feedback from the field. The authors discuss actions taken when a problem occurs for the particular case of a maintenance system for communication products; the inservice quality improvement committee; and preventive actions. The importance of preventing the design error from occurring again is stressed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Selection of Classical Swine Fever Virus with Enhanced Pathogenicity Reveals Synergistic Virulence Determinants in E2 and NS4B (2012)

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is the causative agent of classical swine fever (CSF), a highly contagious disease of pigs. There are numerous CSFV strains that differ in virulence, resulting in clinical disease with different degrees of severity. Low-virulent and moderately virulent isolates cause a mild and often chronic disease, while highly virulent isolates cause an acute and mostly lethal hemorrhagic fever. The live attenuated vaccine strain GPE(-) was produced by multiple passages of the virulent ALD strain in cells of swine, bovine, and guinea pig origin. With the aim of identifying the determinants responsible for the attenuation, the GPE(-) vaccine virus was readapted to pigs by serial passages of infected tonsil homogenates until prolonged viremia and typical signs of CSF were observed. The GPE(-)/P-11 virus isolated from the tonsils after the 11th passage in vivo had acquired 3 amino acid substitutions in E2 (T830A) and NS4B (V2475A and A2563V) compared with the virus before passages. Experimental infection of pigs with the mutants reconstructed by reverse genetics confirmed that these amino acid substitutions were responsible for the acquisition of pathogenicity. Studies in vitro indicated that the substitution in E2 influenced virus spreading and that the changes in NS4B enhanced the viral RNA replication. In conclusion, the present study identified residues in E2 and NS4B of CSFV that can act synergistically to influence virus replication efficiency in vitro and pathogenicity in pigs.
A highly robust estimator for computer vision (2002)

The authors present a highly robust estimator called an MF-estimator for general regression. It is argued that the kind of estimators needed by computer vision must be highly robust and that the classical robust estimators do not render a high robustness. It is explained that the high robustness becomes possible only through partially but completely modeling the unknown log likelihood function. Partial modeling explores a number of important heuristics implicit in the regression problem and takes place by taking them into consideration with the Bayes statistical decision rule, while maximizing the log likelihood function. Experiments with the simplest location estimation showed that the performance of the MF-estimator was superior to that of the classical M-estimator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Corrigendum (1987)

J. R. Hwu and N. Wang, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1987, 1048 DOI: 10.1039/C39870001048
Hofmeister Salt Effects on Surface Tension Arise from Partitioning of Anions and Cations between Bulk Water and the Air−Water Interface (2007)

We apply a recently developed surface-bulk partitioning model to interpret the effects of individual Hofmeister cations and anions on the surface tension of water. The most surface-excluded salt (Na2SO4) provides a minimum estimate for the number of water molecules per unit area of the surface region of 0.2 H2O A-2. This corresponds to a lower bound thickness of the surface region of approximately 6 A, which we assume is a property of this region and not of the salt investigated. At salt concentrations < or = 1 m, single-ion partition coefficients Kp,i, defined relative to Kp,Na+ = Kp,SO42- = 0, are found to be independent of bulk salt concentration and additive for different salt ions. Semiquantitative agreement with surface-sensitive spectroscopy data and molecular dynamics simulations is attained. In most cases, the rank orders of Kp,i for both anions and cations follow the conventional Hofmeister series, qualitative rankings of ions based on their effects on protein processes (folding, precipitation, assembly). Most anions that favor processes that expose protein surface to water (e.g., SCN-), and hence must interact favorably with (i.e., accumulate at) protein surface, are also accumulated at the air-water interface (Kp >1, e.g., Kp,SCN- =1.6). Most anions that favor processes that remove protein surface from water (e.g., F-), and hence are excluded from protein surface, are also excluded from the air-water interface (Kp,F- = 0.5). The guanidinium cation, a strong protein denaturant and therefore accumulated at the protein surface exposed in unfolding, is somewhat excluded from the air-water surface (Kp,GuH+ = 0.7), but is much less excluded than alkali metal cations (e.g., Kp,Na+ identical with 0, Kp,K+ = 0.1). Hence, cation Kp values for the air-water surface appear shifted (toward exclusion) as compared with values inferred for interactions of these cations with protein surface.
Differential Control of the Phosphorylation State of Proline-juxtaposed Serine Residues Ser725 of Stat5a and Ser730 of Stat5b in Prolactin-sensitive Cells (1998)

Transcription factors of the Stat family are controlled by protein kinases. Phosphorylation of a positionally conserved tyrosine residue is obligatory for Stat dimerization, nuclear translocation, and specific DNA binding. Studies of Stat1 and Stat3 have suggested that serine phosphorylation may also regulate function. We now identify serine residues located in a conserved PSP motif of Stat5a (Ser725) and Stat5b (Ser730) as major phosphorylation sites, using mutagenesis, phosphoamino acid analysis, and site-specific anti-Stat5-phosphoserine antibodies. Unexpectedly, phosphorylation control of this PSP motif differed between the highly homologous Stat5a and Stat5b proteins. Whereas Ser725 of Stat5a was constitutively phosphorylated both in COS-7 cells and Nb2 lymphocytes, phosphorylation of Ser730 of Stat5b was markedly stimulated by prolactin. The data also suggested the existence of a second major serine phosphorylation site in Stat5a. Interestingly, constitutive phosphorylation of the PSP motif was suppressed by PD98059 but not by staurosporine under conditions in which both agents inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinases. Furthermore, pretreatment of cells with staurosporine, PD98059, H7, or wortmannin did not prevent either Stat5a or Stat5b from becoming maximally serine-phosphorylated after prolactin exposure. We propose that two pathways regulate Stat5 serine phosphorylation, one that is prolactin-activated and PD98059-resistant and one that is constitutively active and PD98059-sensitive and preferentially targets Stat5a. Finally, phosphorylation of the PSP motif of Stat5a or Stat5b was not essential for DNA binding or transcriptional activation of a beta-casein reporter gene in COS-7 cells, suggesting that serine kinase control of Stat5 activity differs from that of Stat1 and Stat3.
Photovoltaic power options for Mars (1991)

The performance of a photovoltaic array is considered in terms of the properties of the Martian surface. Attention is given to the low solar intensity and high temperatures of Mars and to the performance of different chemical structures for the cells such as GaAs and silicon cells. A sample case is examined and it is shown that certain variables are still not understood with respect to photovoltaic performance on other planets.
Glutamate accelerates RPE cell proliferation through ERK1/2 activation via distinct receptor‐specific mechanisms (2007)

The proliferation and migration of Retinal Pigment Epithelium cells resulting from an epithelial-mesenchymal transition plays a key role in proliferative vitreoretinopathy, which leads to retinal detachment and the loss of vision. In neurons, glutamate has been shown to activate the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK cascade, which participates in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and survival processes. Although glutamate-stimulation and the activation of ERK1/2 by different stimuli have been shown to promote RPE cell proliferation, the signaling pathway(s) linking these effects has not been established. We analyzed the molecular mechanisms leading to glutamate-induced proliferation by determining ERK1/2 and CREB phoshporylation in chick RPE cells in primary culture and the human-derived RPE cell line ARPE-19. This study shows for the first time, that glutamate promotes RPE cell proliferation by activating two distinct signaling pathways linked to selective glutamate receptor subtypes. Results demonstrate that glutamate stimulates RPE cell proliferation as well as ERK and CREB phosphorylation. These effects were mimicked by the mGluR agonist ACPD and by NMDA, and were prevented by the respective receptor inhibitors MCPG and MK-801, indicating a cause-effect relationship between these processes. Whereas mGluR promoted proliferation by activating the MEK/ERK/CREB cascade, NMDA stimulated proliferation through the MEK-independent activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinases. The blockage of both signaling pathways to proliferation by KN-62 suggests the involvement of CaMKs in the control of glutamate-induced proliferation at a common step, downstream of CREB, possibly the regulation of cell cycle progression. Based on these findings, the participation of glutamate in the development of PVR can be considered.
The Role of CLEC-2 and Its Ligands in Thromboinflammation (2021)

C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2, also known as CLEC-1b) is expressed on platelets, Kupffer cells and other immune cells, and binds to various ligands including the mucin-like protein podoplanin (PDPN). The role of CLEC-2 in infection and immunity has become increasingly evident in recent years. CLEC-2 is involved in platelet activation, tumor cell metastasis, separation of blood/lymphatic vessels, and cerebrovascular patterning during embryonic development. In this review, we have discussed the role of CLEC-2 in thromboinflammation, and focused on the recent research.
Current Switching Coupled to Molecular Spin‐States in Large‐Area Junctions (2016)

The fabrication of large-area vertical junctions with a molecular spin-crossover complex displaying concerted changes of spin degrees of freedom and charge-transport properties is reported. Fabricated devices allow spin-state switching in the spin-crossover layer to be triggered and probed by optical means, while detecting associated changes in electrical resistance in the junctions.
Decoupling control of high-purity heat integrated distillation column process via active disturbance rejection control and nonlinear wave theory (2020)

Although the heat integrated distillation is an energy-efficient and environment-friendly separation technology, it has not been commercialized. One of the reasons is that the nonlinear dynamics and the interactions between various control loops have limited the performance of the traditional control strategy. To achieve a high-purity product concentration, a dynamic decoupling control strategy based on active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is proposed. The effects of interactions, uncertainties and external disturbances can be estimated and rejected by using extended state observer. Considering the constraints on manipulated variables, an optimized ADRC is designed for the first-order system. Moreover, a concentration observer based on a nonlinear wave model is formulated to reduce the number of sensors. In the simulation research, the related internal model control (IMC), multi-loop ADRC and model predictive control (MPC) are compared with the proposed control scheme. The simulation results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed control scheme on tight control, decoupling performance and disturbance rejection for the high-purity heat integrated distillation column.
Decreased aminoacylation of mutant tRNAs in MELAS but not in MERRF patients (2000)

Mutations in human mitochondrial tRNA genes are associated with a number of multisystemic disorders. Using an assay that combines tRNA oxidation and circularization we have determined the relative amounts and states of aminoacylation of mutant and wild-type tRNAs in tissue samples from patients with MELAS syndrome (mito- chondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like episodes) and MERRF syndrome (myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red fibers), respectively. In most, but not all, biopsies from MELAS patients carrying the A3243G substitution in the mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR))gene, the mutant tRNA is under-represented among processed and/or aminoacylated tRNAs. In contrast, in biopsies from MERRF patients harboring the A8344G substitution in the tRNA(Lys)gene neither the relative abundance nor the aminoacylation of the mutated tRNA is affected. Thus, whereas the A3243G mutation may contribute to the pathogenesis of MELAS by reducing the amount of aminoacylated tRNA(Leu), the A8344G mutation does not affect tRNA(Lys)function in the same way.
<title>Proposal of low-loss Y-branch module with wide branch angle</title> (2000)

Recently, optical waveguides implementation on the substrate has been developed due to the requirement for large capacity and high-speed transmission. Considering that an optical circuit on the substrate must be assembled in a limited space, the integration of the circuit is one of the most important issues for the design of the optical circuits. In optical circuits, a Y-branch waveguide is a basic element of circuits and the length of the Y-branch waveguide depends on its branch angle. To achieve the high density integration of optical circuits, a wide angle Y-branch module, which is a small module, is highly desired. In this paper, we propose a new Y-branch waveguide using reflection at the inclined side-wall of the waveguide. The results of the numerical analysis show the efficiency of the proposed Y-branch waveguide, namely low-los and wide branching, in optical waveguide. Moreover, this paper also discuss that the proposed model is tolerable to the fabrication error comparing to the conventional Y-branch waveguide.
Work in Progress: Motivations and Outcomes of an Undergraduate Teaching Assistantship Program (2020)

This work in progress paper poses the research question: what are the motivations and outcomes that lead undergraduate electrical engineering students to volunteer as teaching assistants (TAs)? While graduate students have a long history of serving as TAs, the Electrical & Computer Engineering department at a large public university has replaced virtually all of their graduate teaching assistants with undergraduates. Many of this department's courses are in the hybrid "flipped" format, wherein the in-class lecture is replaced with active learning time in which motivated teaching assistant labor can be the difference between positive and negative student experience In these courses in this department, most undergraduate TAs have been observed to volunteer many more hours than those for which they are paid. Some courses in this department have adopted the practice of having their undergraduate TAs volunteer for their first semesters before being promoted to paid positions. We present a pilot study consisting of five indepth interviews with former undergraduate TAs, most of whom volunteered for at least one semester, from an Introduction to Signal Processing course. The data collection is ongoing; therefore, our results are not complete. Some preliminary results have been identified through multiple readings for the axes of motivation proposed by Ryan and Deci [2], whose selfdetermination theory states that intrinsic motivation is enhanced by feeling competent, being autonomous-supported, and having a secure relational base. Once the data set is complete, the results will help us better understand how faculty can support undergraduate TAs and build an environment that motivates them to improve engineering classrooms.
WISEglass: Smart eyeglasses recognising context (2015)

We investigated how regular eyeglasses could be extended with multi-modal sensing and processing functions to support context-awareness applications. Our aim was to leverage eyeglasses as a platform for acquiring and processing context information according to the wearer’s needs. The WISEglass architecture consists of inertial motion, environmental light, and pulse sensors, processing and wireless data transmission functionality, besides a rechargeable battery. We implemented prototypes of WISEglass and evaluated them in three application scenarios: daily activity recognition, screen-use detection, and heart rate estimation. We conducted a daily activity study with nine participants, each wearing WISEglass and recording for one day. When evaluating daily activity recognition, we obtained 77 % average accuracy for continuous recognition using Gaussian Mixture Models and classifier reject to ignore null class data. Using the light sensor for detecting screen-use, yielded 80 % accuracy. Against a chest-worn ECG reference, our heart rate estimation showed an difference below 10 beats for stationary activities across the full recording day. We concluded that smart eyeglasses provide information from a single measurement spot that is relevant in various context recognition applications.
P095 Newly discovered gut matrikines from Crohn’s disease intestinal tissue induce cell proliferation, activation and inflammatory response in intestinal myofibroblasts in vitro (2023)

Abstract Background The interaction between intestinal myofibroblasts (iMFBs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) changes contributes to Crohn’s disease (CD) fibrosis, but the exact mechanisms are not yet clear. Our group recently discovered a selection of matrix-derived peptides (matrikines) that specifically appear in the intestinal tissue of patients with CD fibrostenosis.1 Here, we evaluate the in vitro effect of 19 matrikines (with various bioactivity likelihood) on primary human intestinal myofibroblasts (IMFBs), key cells in CD fibrosis. Methods Primary human iMFBS (500K/mL, Passage 4, Novabiosis) were cultured in serum-free medium (SFM) (DMEM high glucose, 1% sodium pyruvate, 1% non-essential aminoacids, 1% Antibiotics-Antimycotics and 3mg Gentamicin), complete medium (SFM with 10% fetal bovine serum), PDGF-bb 10ng/mL or treated with each of the matrikines at 10, 50, 100 μg/mL for 24hours. The effect of each matrikine on cell proliferation, gene expression and migration was assessed by BrdU, qPCR and Transwell assays, respectively. RNA sequencing data was analysed using the GSEA software. Results The effect on iMFBs proliferation and viability was tested with each of the 19 matrikines at 3 different doses (Table 1). Among 9 most likely-bioactive matrikines (M1-M9) (Figure 1), M1, M4, M7, M8 and M9 induced the highest effect in cell proliferation and were selected for further experiments. Gene expression assays showed upregulation of ACTA2 with M1 or M7 and upregulation of COL1A1 with M1, M7 or M8, indicating activation of the iMFBs (Figure 2). Transwell assays also showed that M1, M4 and M8 induce iMFB cell migration. A total of 1948, 1024, 460, 570, and 2749 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in iMBFs treated with M1, M4, M7, M8 and M9 vs no treatment, showing enrichment in pathways related to “smooth muscle contraction”, “fibroblast growth factor”, “cell migration”, “collagen formation”, “elastin formation” and “ECM organization”; most of which were also enriched by complete medium and/or PDGFbb that served as positive controls. However, pathways related to “proinflammatory and profibrotic mediators” or “vascular permeability” were only enriched in iMFBs treated with M1, M4, M8 and M9 or M1 and M9, respectively (Figure 3). Conclusion A selection of newly discovered CD-specific matrikines induce activation of iMFBs as well as inflammatory response and endothelial changes, suggesting an important role and therefore their potential value as biomarkers in the progression of intestinal fibrostenosis.
The Relationship Between Organizational Characteristics and Advance Care Planning Practices (2014)

Organizational characteristics may impede the uniform adoption of advance care planning (ACP) best practices. We conducted telephone interviews with site directors of a Midwestern state's Medicaid waiver program administered by the Area Agencies on Aging and surveyed the 433 care managers (registered nurses and social workers) employed within these 9 agencies. Care managers at 2 agencies reported more frequent ACP discussions and higher levels of confidence. Both sites had ACP training programs, follow-up protocols, and informational packets available for consumers that were not consistently available at the other agencies. The findings point to the need for consistent educational programs and policies on ACP and more in depth examination of the values, beliefs, and resources that account for organizational differences in ACP.
Electrocoalescence in stagnant emulsions (2005)

Electrostatic induced coalescence between water drops in stagnant water-in-oil emulsions was studied with a high-speed optical technique. Long range microscope optics was used, and up to four second long sequences of 1000 frames per second were recorded. Emulsions were made of distilled water and naphtenic oil, and prepared both with and without chemical stabilizers. The amplitude, frequency and shape of the applied ac voltage and the percentage of dispersed water in oil were systematically varied.
The Effect of p-InGaN layer on ITO based ohmic contacts to p-GaN (2007)

By epitaxy of a thin p-lnGaN layer on p-GaN surface and optimization of InGaN/GaN heterostructures annealing condition, ohmic contact to p-GaN with high transparency was obtained by using electron beam evaporated indium tin oxide film.