gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design optimization of interstitial antennas (1989)

To improve the performance of interstitial antennas for microwave hyperthermia, parameters such as the uniformity of the heating pattern, the depth of penetration, and the impedance matching properties must be optimized. We examined analytically and experimentally the radiation characteristics of multisection insulated antennas in conductive tissue. The effects of varying the diameters and lengths of the center conductors in the various sections of the antenna and the diameter and type of the insulation on the electromagnetic power deposition pattern and input impedance characteristics were examined. A new approximate numerical model which calculates the current distribution and the radiation characteristics of multisection insulated antennas was developed. The numerical predictions were verified in a qualitative way experimentally by mapping the various near- and far-field components of these antennas. Based on the obtained results, design tradeoffs are identified and quantified, and guidelines for optimum designs are specified. In particular, it is shown that an insulation-to-center-conductor diameter ratio between 1.5 to 2.0 is optimum for a uniform Teflon insulation, and that a multisection arrangement with the thinnest insulation near the antenna tip has superior performance compared with the uniform insulation or other multisection designs.
In vitro propagation of Solidago virgaurea L. through nodal culture (2012)

A reliable in vitro propagation protocol has been established from nodal segmentsof a highly valuable medicinal plant Solidago virgaurea L. The explants were cultured onMurashige and Skoog’s medium augmented with different concentrations andcombinations of plant growth regulators for shoot bud initiation and multiplications.Highest frequency of shoot proliferation (91.8 ± 0.64) and maximum number (12.1 ± 0.20) pernode was observed in Murashige and Skoog’s medium augmented with4.5 mg/l of Kinetinin combination with 0.5 mg/l of Indole -3- Acetic acid. Highest frequency (91.7 ± 1.43) ofrooting and maximum number (3.8 ± 0.28) of rootlet per shoot let was achieved onMurashige and Skoog’s medium fortified with 4.5 mg/l of Indole -3- Acetic acid incombination with 0.5 mg/l of Benzyl -6- amino purine. Regenerated plants weresuccessfully transferred to field (78%).
The Book of Informatics (2006)

The Book of Informatics has been written to serve those interested in learning about this emerging field. Information is a defining charactcristic of our age and informatics relates to how information is thought about and used in practice. The general themes of informatics endure throughout human history and are relevant to all fields in the arts, humanities, sciences and business areas. &#13;\n&#13;\nAt the same time informatics is a field with its own considerable body of knowledge, with many new ideas and discoveries in recent years and more to come. These ideas are shaping the world we experience today and the world we might experience tomorrow. Understanding informatics helps make sense of the world. A continuing need both for generalists and specialists in informatics ma be safely expected.
Accessibility Evaluation in Aircraft Cabin Based on Virtual Reality (2014)

With the rapid development of the air transport industry, more attention is paid to interior ergonomics analysis which directly affects the time and cost spent during design. To provide a quick and human-in-loop accessibility way to evaluate accessibility in aircraft cabin, a new method based on virtual reality is proposed. In this method, the digital mock-up model is converted to other format which is need to build a virtual environment first, then virtual environment is built and a virtual hand is driven through tracking hand’s position by A.R.T(Advanced Realtime Tracking ) system to carry on accessibility evaluation in the virtual environment. Based on above-mentioned method the aircraft cabin accessibility evaluation system is designed and realized, which is verified by one case of a certain aircraft cabin. The result shows this method is simple and useful, offering a new way for accessibility evaluation in aircraft cabin.
Thromboembolic Disease after Cervical Spine Surgery: A Review of 5,405 Surgical Procedures and Matched Cohort Analysis (2015)

Although the incidence of VTE following cervical spine surgery is low, we identified several risk factors that may be predictive. More aggressive approaches to prophylaxis and surveillance in certain patient populations may be warranted.
A new procedure to seal the pores of mesoporous low-k films with precondensed organosilica oligomers (2012)

A new strategy to seal mesoporous low-k thin films with a pore size of 3 nm has been developed. This is achieved by spin-coating of a self-assembled carbon-bridged organosilica layer followed by a grafting with hexamethyl disilazane.
Magnetic resonance shear wave elastography using transient acoustic radiation force excitations and sinusoidal displacement encoding (2020)

A magnetic resonance (MR) shear wave elastography technique that uses transient acoustic radiation force impulses from a focused ultrasound (FUS) transducer and a sinusoidal-shaped MR displacement encoding strategy is presented. Using this encoding strategy, an analytic expression for calculating the shear wave speed in a heterogeneous medium was derived. Green's function-based simulations were used to evaluate the feasibility of calculating shear wave speed maps using the analytic expression. Accuracy of simulation technique was confirmed experimentally in a homogeneous gelatin phantom. The elastography measurement was compared to harmonic MR elastography in a homogeneous phantom experiment and the measured shear wave speed values differed by less than 14%. This new transient elastography approach was able to map the position and shape of inclusions sized from 8.5 to 14 mm in an inclusion phantom experiment. These preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility of using a straightforward analytic expression to generate shear wave speed maps from MR images where sinusoidal-shaped motion encoding gradients are used to encode the displacement-time history of a transiently propagating wave-packet. This new measurement technique may be particularly well suited for performing elastography before, during, and after MR-guided FUS therapies since the same device used for therapy is also used as an excitation source for elastography.
Neutral trichloroacetylations of alcohols by hexachloroacetone (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNeutral trichloroacetylations of alcohols by hexachloroacetoneRichard S. Freedlander, Thomas A. Bryson, R. Bruce Dunlap, E. M. Schulman, and Charles A. Lewis Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 17, 3519–3521Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00330a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00330a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views400Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reliable automatic protein identification from matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric peptide fingerprints (1999)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry of protein samples from two-dimensional (2-D) gels in conjunction with protein sequence database searches is frequently used to identify proteins. Moreover, the automatic analysis of complete 2-D gels with hundreds and even thousands of protein spots ("proteome analysis") is possible, without human intervention, with the availability of highly accurate mass spectrometry instruments, and high-throughput facilities for preparation and handling of protein samples from 2-D gels. However, the lack of software for precise automatic analysis and annotation of mass spectra, as well as software for in-batch sequence database queries, is increasingly becoming a significant bottleneck for the proteomics work flow. In the present paper we outline an algorithm for reliable, accurate, and automatic evaluation of mass spectrometric data and database searches. We show here that simply selecting from the sequence database the protein that has the most matching fragment masses often leads to false-positive results. Reliable protein identification is dependent on several parameters: the accuracy of fragment mass determination, the number of masses submitted for query, the mass distribution of query masses, the number of masses matching between sample and database protein, the size of the sequence database, and the kind and number of modifications considered. Using these parameters, we derive a simple statistical estimation that can be used to calculate the probability of true-positive protein identification.
Running Light-Duty DI Diesel Engines with Wood Pyrolysis Oil (2000)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper reports on the first successful tests performed on a production D.I. Diesel engine using wood pyrolysis oil (WPO). As reported in literature, any attempt to directly replace Diesel fuel with WPO required extensive modifications to the engine injection system, in order to overcome the intrinsic limits of the oil (poor self-ignition, high acidity and viscosity): new materials, additional pilot injection systems, careful procedures of start-up and shutdown were needed to obtain acceptable operation. Aim of the present work was to assess the limits of utilization of WPO in a strictly stock engine. Therefore, while no modifications at all were carried out on the engine, the efforts were addressed to make the WPO compatible with light-duty Diesel engines. Several long-running tests were performed on a single-cylinder engine, with:&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt; &lt;ul class="list disc"&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;blends of WPO with different percentage of oxygenated compounds&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;micro-emulsions of WPO in Diesel fuel&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;standard (commercial) Diesel fuel.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Reliable operation was achieved with percentages as high as 44.1% of WPO in Dyglime (Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether). Similar results were obtained with two different emulsions with 30% of WPO in No.2 Diesel fuel. While residuals were occasionally found to stick on the nozzle stem and sac, no trace of corrosion was detected in the injection system. Detailed analysis of the pressure cycles and emission profiles have been carried out, highlighting the feasibility of an immediate utilization of WPO in D.I. engines.&lt;/div&gt;
Z2-systolic freedom and quantum codes (2002)

A closely coupled pair of conjectures/questions-one in differential geometry (by M. Gromov), the other in quantum information theory-are both answered in the negative. The answer derives from a certain metrical ﬂexibility of manifolds and a corresponding improvement to the theoretical eﬃciency of existing local quantum codes. We exhibit this eﬀect by constructing a family of metrics on S2 × S1, and other three and four dimensional manifolds. Quantitatively, the explicit “freedom” exhibited is too weak (a log1/2 factor in the natural scaling) to yield practical codes but we cannot rule out the possibility of other families of geometries with more dramatic freedom.
Characterization of functional histamine H1 receptors on a cultured smooth muscle cell line (1988)

Cultured cells of the smooth muscle line DDT1MF-2, which was derived from a hamster vas deferens tumor, expressed histamine H1-type receptors and responded biochemically and functionally to H1-specific stimulation. The H1-receptor antagonist [3H]-pyrilamine bound specifically to 9.7 x 10(6) sites/DDT1MF-2 cell with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 219 nM. The addition of histamine to suspensions of fura-2-loaded DDT1MF-2 cells elicited a rapid, transient, and stimulus concentration-dependent increase in the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ with an EC50 of 3 x 10(-5) M, which demonstrated H1 receptor specificity. Moreover, in order to evaluate in vitro contractile response of individual DDT1MF-2 cells, the degree of intracellular actin polymerization was quantified by a DNase inhibition assay. The percentage of nonpolymerized or G-actin in DDT1MF-2 cells was reduced in a histamine concentration-dependent manner with an EC50 of 1 x 10(-5) M and H1 receptor specificity. Histamine-induced actin polymerization was accompanied by changes in cell shape that were consistent with cellular contraction, as assessed by flow cytometry. The H1-type receptors of cultured DDT1MF-2 cells thus couple histamine stimulation to a variety of functional responses of smooth muscle cells.
FGFR 4 predicts failure on tamoxifen therapy in women with recurrent breast cancer. (2006)

5722 Background: Antiestrogens like tamoxifen are widely used for endocrine treatment of estrogen-dependent breast cancer. However, the treatment ultimately loses its effectiveness due to the development of tamoxifen resistance. In an effort to unravel the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, we have developed a functional screen for identifying genes responsible for tamoxifen resistance in human ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells. One of the genes identified in this screen was FGF17. Objective: To study the predictive value of FGF17 and its receptors FGFR1, 2, 3 and 4 for the duration of progression free survival (PFS) and the type of response to tamoxifen treatment in patients with recurrent breast cancer. Experimental design: mRNA levels of FGF17 and FGFR1, 2, 3 and 4 were quantified by real-time reverse transcriptase PCR in 240 estrogen-receptor positive breast carcinomas with clinical follow-up. All patients had recurrent disease and were treated with tamoxifen as first-line systemic therapy. The clinical endpoints of this study were PFS and the type of response to therapy (clinical benefit). Results: Whereas FGF17, FGFR2 and FGFR3 mRNA levels had no significant predictive value for this group of patients, high levels of FGFR1 and FGFR4 were significantly associated with shorter PFS (P = 0.049 and P
An experimental investigation of the pseudoelastic hysteresis damping characteristics of nickel titanium shape memory alloy wires (1998)

An experimental investigation was conducted to determine the pseudoelastic hysteresis damping characteristics of NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) wires. The comprehensive study examines the effects of cycling, oscillation frequency, strain amplitude, temperature, and static strain offset on the pseudoelastic stressstrain hysteresis of SMA wires under axial loading. Experimental data is obtained for complete austenite-martensite transformation hysteresis as well as partial transformation hysteresis. The results indicate that as the frequency of excitation increases, the reverse transformation commences at higher stress levels, and the area of the hysteresis loop decreases. This results in a rapid initial decrease in energy dissipation, but approaches a stable level by about 10 Hz. The energy dissipation at 10 Hz was found to be about 50% of that observed at very low frequencies. The energy dissipated at higher temperatures was found to be up to 40% lower than that observed at 90°F.
Right to Property (2011)

This chapter assesses the scope, in terms of personal property, of Articles 6 and 105 of the Basic Law of Hong Kong. It examines the meaning of personal property, the extent to which the Hong Kong legislature can lawfully limit such property and the occurrence and scope of deprivation and compensation in accordance with Article 105 of the Basic Law. The chapter then assesses lesser known aspects of the protection of personal property by the Basic Law. In particular, it explores the scope of the right to acquire such property, the protection of external enterprises and investments by Art 105 of the Basic Law and the role, if any, for Article 6 of the Basic Law.
Ligation-Mediated Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection of 8-Oxo-7,8-Dihydro-2′-Deoxyguanosine and 5-Hydroxycytosine at the Codon 176 of the p53 Gene of Hepatitis C-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients (2020)

Molecular mechanisms underlying Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis are still unclear. Therefore, we analyzed the levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and other oxidative lesions at codon 176 of the p53 gene, as well as the generation of 3-(2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentafuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one deoxyguanosine (M<sub>1</sub>dG), in a cohort of HCV-related HCC patients from Italy. Detection of 8-oxodG and 5-hydroxycytosine (5-OHC) was performed by ligation mediated-polymerase chain reaction assay, whereas the levels of M<sub>1</sub>dG were measured by chromatography and mass-spectrometry. Results indicated a significant 130% excess of 8-oxodG at -TGC- position of p53 codon 176 in HCV-HCC cases as compared to controls, after correction for age and gender, whereas a not significant increment of 5-OHC at -TGC- position was found. Then, regression models showed an 87% significant excess of M<sub>1</sub>dG in HCV-HCC cases relative to controls. Our study provides evidence that increased adduct binding does not occur randomly on the sequence of the p53 gene but at specific sequence context in HCV-HCC patients. By-products of lipid peroxidation could also yield a role in HCV-HCC development. Results emphasize the importance of active oxygen species in inducing nucleotide lesions at a p53 mutational hotspot in HCV-HCC patients living in geographical areas without dietary exposure to aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub>.
Cross-phase-modulation-induced nonlinear phase noise in WDM direct-detection DPSK systems (2003)

In direct-detection differential-phase-shift-keying (DPSK) systems, the signal-spontaneous emission beat noise introduces phase noise due to Kerr nonlinearity. In wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) systems, this nonlinear phase noise comes not only from the channel itself through self-phase modulation (SPM) but also from the other channels through cross-phase modulation (XPM). In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally investigate XPM-induced nonlinear phase noise. We calculate the performance degradation of DPSK systems caused by XPM-induced nonlinear phase noise in addition to SPM-induced phase noise and experimentally verify it using a 600-km nonzero-dispersion-shifted-fiber link.
A Randomized Comparison of Prism Adaptation and Augmented Surgery in the Surgical Management of Esotropia Associated With Hypermetropia (1999)

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare both motor and sensory surgical outcomes for patients with esotropia associated with hypermetropia managed with an augmented surgery based on the average of the near deviation with and without correction vs preoperative prism adaptation. Methods: Forty-three patients with esotropia associated with hypermetropia entered a randomized prospective evaluation of augmented surgery (group A, 27 patients) versus prism adaptation (group P, 16 patients). The formula for augmenting the amount of the rectus muscle recession was based on the average of the near deviation with and without correction in group A, and the prism-adapted angle of deviation in group P. Results: In group A, postoperative deviations of 8 prism diopters (Δ) or less at distance and at near were achieved in 24 patients (88%), and in 22 patients (81%), respectively. In nine prism responder patients, postoperative deviations of 8 Δ or less at distance and at near were achieved in eight patients (89%). In seven nonresponder patients, postoperative deviations of 8 Δ or less at distance and at near were achieved in six patients (86%). No significant difference between the two groups in terms of near and distance deviation at 1 and 3 months postoperatively were noted. Conclusion: No significant difference existed in the motor outcomes between the two groups, or between the prism responder and prism nonresponder groups. Further detailed studies must be made in a large number of patients. Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 1999;36:196-200.
Genome Size and Endopolyploidy in Pyrethroid-Resistant and Susceptible Strains of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1993)

Heliothis virescens (F.) males have a haploid genome size of 403.6 (2.3 ± SD) million nucleotide pairs (Mnp), which is very close to that reported for tissues of other Lepidoptera (456-485 Mnp). Octaploid cell types were present in various abundances in all tissues examined, and thus may derive from a common tissue such as epithelial tissue. Extremely (i.e., 104- to 105-fold) polyploid nurse or silk gland cells are known in other Lepidoptera. However, attempts to analyze salivary glands of H. virescens, which might also be highly polyploid, were not successful. Cells of higher ploidy were not found in any of the tissues examined. Incomplete duplication of higher ploidy cells was found in both fat body and Malpighian tubules. The cells of the Malpighian tubules were found to be inflated in DNA content relative to other tissues, for reasons unknown. Nuclei were analyzed from larvae of both a pyrethroid-resistant and a susceptible strain of H. virescens. Differences in DNA contents between strains were sex specific and were not consistent with the hypothesis that large-scale DNA amplification contributes to pyrethroid resistance in the RR strain.
The Spanish national programme on microelectronics (2003)

An overview of the steps taken by the Spanish government to incorporate microelectronics technology progressively into Spain's industrial products is given. The creation of a national center for microelectronics as well as the strategy adopted to increase the skills of Spanish scientists and engineers in designing full or semicustom integrated circuits are presented. Particular attention is given to two main initiatives: (1) the multiproject ASIC, intended to provide basic training to industries; and (2) the workshop for microelectronics design at universities, intended to provide advanced training to future lecturers and researchers in the microelectronics field.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>