gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Funzione peso per una fessura laterale inclinata e deflessa (2009)

In questo lavoro viene presentato un metodo per determinare i fattori di intensità degli sforzi (stress intensity factors SIF) per una fessura di bordo inclinata e deflessa in un semipiano. Il problema è stato affrontato mediante un’analisi parametrica ad elementi finiti che ha permesso di studiare l’influenza dei principali parametri che governano il problema: l’angolo d’inclinazione iniziale, l’angolo di deflessione del segmento terminale della fessura ed il rapporto tra le lunghezze dei due segmenti di fessura. Sulla base dei risultati numerici è stata definita una Funzione Peso (Weight Function WF) con struttura matriciale, estendendo una tecnica mista analitico-numerica già sviluppata per lo studio di fessure di bordo inclinate. La correttezza della WF è stata verificata mediante confronto con i risultati numerici ottenuti per condizioni di carico indipendenti. La WF può essere usata per calcolare i SIF per fessure aventi inclinazione iniziale compresa tra 0° e 60 °, angolo di deflessione rispetto al segmento iniziale tra -90° e + 90° e rapporto di lunghezza tra i segmenti iniziale e terminale compreso tra 0.005 e 0.1.
Central cardiovascular action of urotensin II in conscious rats (2003)

Central urotensin II produces pressor and tachycardic responses through sympathetic activation, while peripheral urotensin II exerts a vasodilation-mediated depressor response in conscious rats.
Improvement of aqueous solubility of fenretinide and other hydrophobic anti-tumor drugs by complexation with amphiphilic dextrins (2009)

This study relates to the preparation of a series of amphiphilic dextrins and their evaluation as complexing agents for anti-tumor hydrophobic drugs such as fenretinide, paclitaxel, etoposide, and camptothecin. The amphiphilic dextrins were obtained by conjugation of low molecular weight dextrin (average molecular weight 1670, average polymerization degree 9.33 glucose monomer) with hydrocarbon chains at substitution degree of about 0.1 mole hydrocarbon chain per mole of glucose monomer, as confirmed by 1H-NMR spectra. The conjugates were highly soluble in water and dissolved with formation of nano-aggregates endowed with hydrophobic inner cores able to host hydrophobic drugs by complexation. Complexation raised hydrophobic drugs aqueous solubility; the best results were obtained with fenretinide. Solid complexes with fenretinide were prepared by using three different approaches: the kneading method, the co-solubilisation method, and the co-precipitation method. Kneading method provided the complexes endowed with the best functional properties. Thermogravimetric analysis on solid samples suggested a notable thermal stability up to 300 degrees C for both the conjugated dextrins and the solid complexes. In differential scanning calorimetry profiles no significant differences were observed among amphiphilic dextrins and complexed drug, indicating that the guest molecule exists in an amorphous state in the solid matrices. Particle size analysis confirmed the dimensional suitability of the complexes for parenteral administration. Moreover, sustained drug release, in vitro, has been observed from all the complexes analyzed. Regarding the biological effects, the cytotoxicity of complexed fenretinide towards HTLA-230 neuroblastoma cell line was always higher than the free drug, suggesting that complexation increased drug bioavailability. These findings, taken together, indicated that these biodegradable, self-assembling dextrin conjugates may be regarded as new potential complexing agents for hydrophobic drugs and, in particular, for fenretinide, to increase drug solubility, bioavailability, and thus therapeutic efficacy.
Ultra-short-pulsed and highly-efficient diode-pumped Yb:SYS mode-locked oscillators (2004)

We report the shortest pulses ever produced with an Yb3+:SrY4(SiO4)3O {Yb:SYS} laser. 70 fs has been demonstrated for an average power of 156 mW at 1066 nm. Moreover, tunability in the 100-fs range has been obtained between 1055 nm and 1072 nm. Finally, an average power of 420 mW has been obtained at 1068 nm with 110-fs pulses.
High throughput optical near-field aperture array for data storage (2002)

To create and utilize a strong light source with sub-wavelength size has opened up a new field, the near-field optics. One of the most attractive applications of the near-field optics is the next generation optical data storage. The optical memory with high density and high data transfer rate is highly demanded to utilize an array of high throughput nano-scaled light sources for writing and reading bits on a medium. In this paper, we propose a hybrid laser and aperture array for optical near-field memory head, namely VCSEL/NSOM. A systematic investigation of the optical performance of the near-field light at the apertures of the Si micromachined tip array is presented. A primarily result of writing and reading bits on a phase change medium using the fabricated structure is demonstrated.
Ultra-low loss and large effective area G.654.E fiber in non-relay ultra-long haul optical transmission (2023)

In this paper, the properties of ultra-low loss and large effective area G.654.E fiber were studied, including the optical properties and cabling performance. Based on the tests of the transmission performances of different optical fibers in nonrelay ultra-long haul optical transmission system, practical suggestions for optical fiber selection of electric communication construction were proposed. G.654.E fiber was utilized in practical engineering, verifying the theoretical research and identifying optimal direction and methods. 467 km non-relay ultra-long haul optical transmission was realized, creating a new record in electric communication network.
Synthetic studies of heterocyclic natural products. (2008)

Recent reports of the syntheses of heterocyclic natural products that are isolated from bacteria, fungi, plants and marine sources are discussed. This review emphasizes new developments in synthetic methodology and strategies for such products, and the potential biological activity of the metabolites that are described is highlighted. Concepts of conformational analysis, stereoelectronic control and reaction mechanism are all used in the development of new methodology. Despite the variety and scope of synthetic efforts, the synthesis of new organic molecules and the improved synthesis of known molecules remains a major task for organic chemists.
Effects of COVID-19 on the Human Central Olfactory System: A Natural Pre-Post Experiment (2022)

Our data suggest that COVID-19 might cause long-term reduction in olfactory bulb volume and altered functional connectivity but with no discernible morphologic differences in cerebral olfactory regions.
An anatomical study of the suprascapular nerve (1990)

The course of the suprascapular nerve and its distance from fixed scapular landmarks were measured in 90 cadaveric shoulders. In an additional 15 cadavers, three pins were passed at various angles in a general anterior-posterior direction through the middle of the glenoid neck just inferior and lateral to the base of the coracoid process. The distance between the exit site on the posterior glenoid neck and the suprascapular nerve at the base of the scapular spine was recorded for each pin. Inferiorly directed pins were the furthest from the suprascapular nerve and averaged 16 mm. On the basis of these data, a relative safe zone is described in the posterior glenoid neck. Knowledge of the anatomic course of the suprascapular nerve may aid the physician in the diagnosis and treatment of suprascapular neuropathies. Appreciation of the safe zone may help the shoulder surgeon avoid iatrogenic injury to the suprascapular nerve during arthroscopic Bankart procedures and other open surgical procedures requiring dissection of the posterior glenoid neck.
Robust facial feature tracking using selected multi-resolution linear predictors (2009)

This paper proposes a learnt data-driven approach for accurate, real-time tracking of facial features using only intensity information. Constraints such as a-priori shape models or temporal models for dynamics are not required or used. Tracking facial features simply becomes the independent tracking of a set of points on the face. This allows us to cope with facial configurations not present in the training data. Tracking is achieved via linear predictors which provide a fast and effective method for mapping pixel-level information to tracked feature position displacements. To improve on this, a novel and robust biased linear predictor is proposed in this paper. Multiple linear predictors are grouped into a rigid flock to increase robustness. To further improve tracking accuracy, a novel probabilistic selection method is used to identify relevant visual areas for tracking a feature point. These selected flocks are then combined into a hierarchical multi-resolution LP model. Experimental results also show that this method performs more robustly and accurately than AAMs, without any a priori shape information and with minimal training examples.
Table S1 from Integrative Molecular Characterization of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1 contains cohort description, Master Patient Table and MutSigCV results.&lt;/p&gt;
Functional Movement Screening (2011)

This was the first large-scale study performed in an active-duty military cohort to examine the utility of FMS during medical in-processing. Further work is warranted to evaluate FMS and the potential for injury prediction and prevention.
Rapid and Affordable Seismic Retrofit of Substandard Confined Masonry (2013)

Confined masonry (CM) consists of unreinforced masonry walls confined with reinforced concrete tie columns and beams. Due to satisfactory performance during past earthquakes, CM has become the predominant construction style in several developing countries. However, poor construction practices and substandard materials may result in inadequate performance. This paper evaluates the feasibility and efficiency of an affordable and practical retrofit technology designed for CM constructions in developing areas. Corrosion-resistant aluminum strips are inserted into grooves and embedded in mortar along bed joints to enhance the in-plane shear resistance and deformability. Experimental evidence was obtained through in-plane cyclic load tests on full-scale CM walls. It is shown that a substandard CM wall can be transformed into a wall with acceptable strength and deformability, and the in-plane shear strength of a retrofitted wall can be estimated by means of a simple analytical model that accounts for the contribution of the horizontal reinforcement.
Differential Collective- and Single-Cell Behaviors on Silicon Micropillar Arrays (2016)

Three-dimensional vertically aligned nano- and micropillars have emerged as promising tools for a variety of biological applications. Despite their increasing usage, the interaction mechanisms of cells with these rigid structures and their effect on single- and collective-cell behaviors are not well understood for different cell types. In the present study, we examine the response of glioma cells to micropillar arrays using a new microfabricated platform consisting of rigid silicon micropillar arrays of various shapes, sizes, and configurations fabricated on a single platform. We compare collective- and single-cell behaviors at micropillar array interfaces and show that glial cells under identical chemical conditions form distinct arrangements on arrays of different shapes and sizes. Tumor-like aggregation and branching of glial cells only occur on arrays with feature diameters greater than 2 μm, and distinct transitions are observed at interfaces between various arrays on the platform. Additionally, despite the same side-to-side spacing and gaps between micropillars, single glial cells interact with the flat silicon surface in the gap between small pillars but sit on top of larger micropillars. Furthermore, micropillars induced local changes in stress fibers and actin-rich filopodia protrusions as the cells conformed to the shape of spatial cues formed by these micropillars.
Liquid nanostructure of choline lysinate with water and a model lignin residue (2020)

The structure of the ionic liquid choline lysinate ([Ch][Lys]) and its water mixtures, including a dissolved model lignin residue, guaiacol, is revealed at atomic and nanoscale resolution using neutron diffraction.
Prolonged Vitamin C Supplementation and Recovery from Demanding Exercise (2001)

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether 2 weeks of vitamin C supplementation affects recovery from an unaccustomed bout of exercise. Sixteen male subjects were allocated to either a placebo (P; n = 8) or vitamin C group (VC; n = 8). The VC group consumed 200 mg of ascorbic acid twice a day, whereas the P group consumed identical capsules containing 200 mg of lactose. Subjects performed a prolonged (90-min) intermittent shuttle-running test 14 days after supplementation began. Post-exercise serum creatine kinase activities and myoglobin concentrations were unaffected by supplementation. However, vitamin C supplementation had modest beneficial effects on muscle soreness, muscle function, and plasma concentrations of malondialdehyde. Furthermore, although plasma interleukin-6 increased immediately after exercise in both groups, values in the VC group were lower than in the P group 2 hours after exercise (p < .05). These results suggest that prolonged vitamin C supplementation has some modest beneficial effects on recovery from unaccustomed exercise.
Allelopathic Effects of Wheat Straw on Cotton Germination, Emergence, and Yield (1989)

Because of recently enacted conservation compliance legislation, reduced and no‐till farming systems in which crop residues are left on the soil surface are becoming more important in areas where soils are highly erodible. On the southern high plains of Texas, many producers are planting cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) into wheat straw ( Triticum aestivum L.). This study was conducted to determine the allelopathic potential of wheat residues on cotton germination, emergence, seedling growth, and lint yield. Laboratory bioassays revealed that cotton seedling development was inhibited by aqueous extracts of wheat straw. Cotton cultivars were screened for the ability to tolerate the inhibitive effects of wheat straw in laboratory bioassays and greenhouse pot studies. Tolerant ‘Paymaster 404’ and intolerant ‘Acala A246’ were identified and used in field experiments that were conducted in 1986 and 1987 to determine the influence of wheat stubble residues on their emergence and yield. Major reductions in emergence only occurred when above ground residues were present in the seedbed. Emergence was reduced by an average of 9% for Paymaster 404 and 21% for Acala A246 when wheat stubble residues were present in the seedbed. The allelopathic effect of wheat stubble indirectly influenced lint yield by affecting population densities. The negative effect of wheat stubble on cotton stand establishment can apparently be overcome by; limiting the amount of above ground residues that are incorporated into the seedbed during planting, increasing the seeding rates, and planting tolerant cultivars.
Manipulation of Cell-Type Selective Antibody Internalization by a Guide-Effector Bispecific Design (2019)

Cell-type-specific intracellular payload delivery is desired for antibody-based-targeted therapy development. However, tumor-specific internalizing antigens are rare to find, and even rarer for those that are expressed at uniformly high levels. We constructed a bispecific antibody that is composed of a rapidly internalizing antibody binding to a tumor-associated antigen, ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2), and a noninternalizing antibody binding to a highly expressed tumor-associated antigen, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM). We found that the overall internalization property of the bispecific is profoundly impacted by the relative surface expression level (antigen density ratio) of EphA2 versus ALCAM. When the EphA2-to-ALCAM ratio is greater than a threshold level (1:5), the amount of the bispecific taken into the tumor cell exceeds what is achieved by either the monoclonal internalizing antibody or a mixture of the two antibodies, showing a bispecific-dependent amplification effect where a small amount of the internalizing antigen EphA2 induces internalization of a larger amount of the noninternalizing antigen ALCAM. When the ratio is below the threshold, EphA2 can be rendered noninternalizing by the presence of excess ALCAM on the same cell surface. We constructed a bispecific antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) based on the above bispecific design and found that the bispecific ADC is more potent than monospecific ADCs in tumor cell killing both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> Thus, the internalizing property of a cell surface antigen can be manipulated in either direction by a neighboring antigen, and this phenomenon can be exploited for therapeutic targeting.
Indexing with WordNet synsets can improve Text Retrieval (1998)

The classical, vector space model for text retrieval is shown to give better results (up to 29% better in our experiments) if WordNet synsets are chosen as the indexing space, instead of word forms. This result is obtained for a manually disambiguated test collection (of queries and documents) derived from the Semcor semantic concordance. The sensitivity of retrieval performance to (automatic) disambiguation errors when indexing documents is also measured. Finally, it is observed that if queries are not disambiguated, indexing by synsets performs (at best) only as good as standard word indexing.
Optimization of screening of native and naturalized plants from Minnesota for antimicrobial activity (2012)

The White Earth Tribe of Ojibwe and the University of Minnesota have partnered to identify antimicrobial properties in native plant species in the Upper Mississippi River and Red River Basins. Optimization of harvest time, tissue preparation, and extracting solvent methods was completed using extracts from two species with known antimicrobial activity, Betula papyriferaand Rhus typhina. Tissue was collected at three different times (July, August, and September) corresponding to different developmental states (juvenile, reproductive, post-reproductive) and extracts were prepared from fresh, frozen, or dried tissue using one of three solvents, acetone, ethanol, or methanol. Using optimized methods plant  extracts from 265 above ground plant components (flower, leaves, stems, berries) of 130 species were tested against four microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans,Staphylococcus aureus). Eighty extracts were found to inhibit at least one microorganism. Sixteen extracts inhibited two microorganisms, six extracts inhibited three microorganisms, and three extracts inhibited all four microorganisms.  Extracts from R. typhina and B. papyrifera leaves were also tested against soil borne pathogens, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora sojae, Rhizoctonia solani, and Pythium spp, in order to assess potential uses as seed protectants. Rhus spp extracts inhibited F. solani and Pythium spp as well as a commercial fungicide seed treatment applied as a control.

	 

	Key words: Antimicrobial, native plants, antifungal seed treatment.
Ontology Driven Semantic Provenance for Heterogeneous Bionomics Experimental Data (2008)

Abstract. Scientific experimental data generated by all the bionomic technologies is characterized by heterogeneity in its representation formats, constituents, and generation processes and, therefore, also in its usage. Using the proteomics domain we demonstrate the important role of provenance information o manage, interpret and analyze experimental data. We present a novel approach that employs an ontology as a knowledge model to automatically create semantic provenance information for high-throughput mass spectrometry (MS) data in the glycoproteomics domain. The Semantic Provenance Annotation of Data in protEomics (SPADE) implementation is based on the ProPreO ontology, a large-process ontology ( ~500 classes, 40 named relationships with 170 class-level restrictions, and 3.1 million instances) that models the complete experimental protocol for MS-based glycoproteomics data analysis. The semantic provenance information created in SPADE enables biologists to query over the semantic provenance information and retrieve exact data using “train-of-thought ” expressive queries in SPARQL query language. We also discuss our current work in extending the ProPreO ontology to support toxicological metabolomics experimentation using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Our strategic goal is to use Semantic Provenance information by pattern recognition and data mining algorithms for comparative or correlation analysis of Liquid Chromatography MS (LCMS) and NMR spectroscopy experimental data as part of toxicological metabolomics studies.
Comorbidities in pediatric alopecia areata (2020)

Findings from this study suggest that children with AA are more likely to have certain autoimmune and metabolic disorders than the general paediatric population. Paediatric AA patients display a severe burden of autoimmune and metabolic diseases, thus in daily practice, dermatologists might consider multidisciplinary management in these patients.
The restoration in vivo of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) in stored red cells, after transfusion. The levels of red cells 2,3-DPG. (2009)

Since the main reason for transfusing preserved red cells is to increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the recipient, the circulating preserved red cells should have at the time of transfusion normal oxygen uptake and normal oxyhemoglobin dissociation characteristics. We evaluated the effectiveness of transfused red cells, through periodical determination of erythrocyte components, during 72 hours after transfusions of large quantities (3,000 mL) of blood. Three patients with massive hemorrhages, two after amputation and one after nephrectomy were given each 3,000 mL preserved blood (in ACD, 10 days, at 4 degrees C). Red cell 2,3-DPG and serum inorganic phosphorus were determined prior to transfusion and after, periodically, for three days. Red cell 2,3-DPG was determined by Krimsky's method and inorganic phosphorus by Kuttner and Lichtenstein's method. The in vivo restoration of 2,3-DPG--of transfused red cells is shown as a percentage of recipient's final 2,3-DPG level, and was calculated in each of the three patients. The level of erythrocyte 2,3-DPG was greater than 60% of the final level within 24 hours, after the end of transfusion. The in vivo rates of restoration of 2,3-DPG in transfused red cells for periods of 0-6, 6-24, 24-48 and 48-72 hours are 0.251, 0.238, 0.133, 0.120 mM/L cells/hour. The therapeutic significance of the increased oxygen affinity of stored blood becomes very important in clinical conditions, when large volumes of red cells are urgently needed. After massive transfusions, the restoration of 2,3-DPG in red cells produces a decrease of serum inorganic phosphorus through its consumption. The stored blood with low values of erythrocyte 2,3-DPG can be used without hesitation when correcting a chronic anemia for instance, but in acute situation, when the organism needs restoration of the oxygen releasing capacity within minutes, the resynthesis is obviously insufficient. In such situations, fresh blood or blood with a near normal 2,3-DPG content should be used.