gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal rat antibodies directed against Toxoplasma gondii suitable for studying tachyzoite-bradyzoite interconversion in vivo (1995)

We previously reported the in vitro analysis of stage differentiation of Toxoplasma gondii in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. The purpose of this study was to generate monoclonal rat antibodies that might be suitable for investigating tachyzoite-bradyzoite interconversion in vivo with the murine model. Immunization of Fischer rats with cysts of T. gondii NTE resulted in the generation of seven monoclonal antibodies of the immunoglobulin G2a, G2b, or M isotype, which were further characterized by the immunoblot technique, immunofluorescence assay, immunohistology, and immunoelectron microscopy. Immunoblots demonstrated specific reactivity of five monoclonal antibodies with proteins with molecular masses of 40, 52, 55, 60, 64, 65, and 115 kDa. One antibody (CC2) appeared to recognize a differently expressed antigen depending on the parasite stage, reacting with a 40-kDa molecule in tachyzoites and a 115-kDa antigen in bradyzoites and oocysts. Several other monoclonal antibodies were shown to be stage specific and to react in immunofluorescence assays or in immunoblots with either tachyzoites or bradyzoites. Kinetics of stage conversion in vitro could be monitored by immunofluorescence with two of these monoclonal antibodies. Preliminary immunohistological investigations of tissue sections from infected mice demonstrated the possible usefulness of these monoclonal antibodies for future in vivo studies on stage differentiation of T. gondii in the murine system.
Modeling and Design of Piezoelectric Actuators for Fluid Flow Control (2000)

A theoretical and experimental investigation into the modeling and design of piezoelectric flap actuators is described. The motivation for this study is to develop design tools for piezoelectric actuators in active flow control systems. In line with this goal, structural dynamic models of varying complexity must first be assessed. Theoretical modeling of the flaps is carried out using finite element analysis. For comparison, a companion experimental parametric study is executed in which ten otherwise identical piezo flaps with varying piezo patch sizes are fabricated in the Dynamics and Controls Laboratory at the University of Florida. The flaps are characterized using a laser displacement sensor and a scanning laser vibrometer to obtain the frequency response functions between the input voltage signal and the tip displacement and velocity of the flaps. The DC response and natural frequency of the flaps are extracted from the frequency response functions, and these are compared with the theoretical values.
Mini-Review: Polyamines Metabolism, Toxicity and Potent Therapeutical Use (2014)

In recent years, extensive researches have emphasized the fact that polyamines conjugates acting as possessing antitumor, antimicrobial candidates are becoming important in the biogical and medicinal field. In this review, a general design strategy of polyamine conjugates as well as recent progress in both fundamental mechanism studies and potent therapeutic use as anti infectious agents are provided for the readers. Keywords: Anticancer activity, antimicrobial activity, metabolism, polyamines, therapeutical use.
Hybrid cooperative transmission in heterogeneous networks (2012)

Coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission through joint processing (JP) and coordinated beamforming (CB) is promising to provide high spectral efficiency by avoiding in-tercell interference in downlink heterogeneous cellular networks. Pseudo-inverse based zero-forcing beamforming (P-ZFBF) is a popular low-complexity multi-user precoder that can achieve maximal sum rate under sum power constraint. The P-ZFBF under pure CoMP-JP transmission mode is able to achieve high multiplexing gain and array gain, which however leads to very inefficient usage of transmit power in heterogeneous networks. The P-ZFBF under pure CoMP-CB mode can fully use transmit power but achieves low multiplexing and array gains. This paper investigates hybrid cooperative transmission strategies to exploit the advantages of CoMP-JP and CoMP-CB. Both the optimal and closed-form suboptimal hybrid strategies are proposed. Simulation results demonstrate their evident performance gain over the pure CoMP-JP and CoMP-CB transmission modes.
Public Interest Group Politics and American Political Culture (1997)

Recent theories of interest group behavior have attempted to gain an understanding of how these groups mobilize for political action. However, these theories have led to account for a crucial aspect of public interest groups, a particularly important segment of the interest group universe. The purpose of this essay is to shed light on the ways that interest group theories must adapt if they are to better reflect this unique aspect of public interest group behavior. Specifically, it is necessary to acknowledge the role that a group"s ideas regarding shared American values play within the behavior of groups that seek to advance the public interest. The examination of two high-profile public interest organizations provides the basis for better understanding the roles of ideas in public interest behavior. By examining the ways that Common Cause and the American Civil Liberties Union utilize ideas to motivate action we can better understand how public interest groups set out to influence public policy.
Carbon Micro/Nano Spring Structures in the Absence of Sulphurous Promoter by CCVD Method (2007)

Carbon microcoils are generally prepared by catalytic chemical vapor deposition of acetylene, using Ni as the catalyst and thiophene as the promoter. In this work, a new catalyst has been developed on purpose to avoid the introducing of noxious and unpleasant thiophene during the reaction process. The products obtained at temperature of 740 degrees C were pure, regular and had perfect morphology. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were employed to characterize the asprepared carbon microcoils.
An Unexplored Pharmacologic/Diagnostic Strategy for Peri-Implantitis: A Protocol Proposal (2020)

Dental implants are widely utilized for the replacement of missing teeth and are increasingly being placed in patients with systemic diseases, as well as in those who are medically healthy. Furthermore, it is recognized that peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are highly prevalent, affecting large numbers of patients with implants, and it is pertinent to consider whether there may be any systemic impact of these conditions, given that there are known links between periodontitis and a number of chronic inflammatory diseases. In this article, we propose that the potential systemic complications of peri-implant diseases should be investigated in future clinical research, together with studies to identify whether systemically-administered host modulation therapies (HMTs) may be of benefit in the treatment of peri-implant diseases. These "HMTs" may prove a useful adjunct to routinely employed debridement and disinfection protocols, as well as potentially being of benefit in reducing risks of systemic complications. We also consider the use of chair-side diagnostic tests for active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) in the detection of peri-implant disease given the ability of such tests to detect active tissue breakdown associated with peri-implantitis and periodontitis before conventional clinical and radiographic measurements indicate pathologic changes. These novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are relevant to consider as they may improve the management of peri-implant disease (beyond local debridement procedures), especially in those patients in whom systemic inflammation might be of concern.
Steam Devils Over a Hot Springs Pool (1978)

Small but well-organized steam devils were observed forming and propagating over a swimming pool fed by hot springs. The steam devils are described and compared to similar vortices observed in various environs.
Prevention of degradation of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte proteins by diisopropylfluorophosphate (1980)

Proteases can complicate the characterization of proteins from cells, especially human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), which contain abundant neutral proteases. We tested the ability of agents to inhibit proteolysis, with special reference to the subunit polypeptides of the contractile proteins actin, myosin, and actin-binding protein (ABP). Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), O-phenanthroline, EGTA, EDTA, N- ethylmaleimide, alone or in combinations, failed to prevent extensive proteolysis of the PMN proteins during solubilization of cells with dodecyl sulfate. These inhibitors and also alpha-1-antitrypsin and soybean trypsin inhibitor similarly could not prevent proteolysis during homogenization of cells in cold isosomolar sucrose. Treatment of PMN with greater than or equal to mM diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) prior to solubilization or homogenization markedly inhibited proteolysis. PMSF and DFP were equally effective in inhibiting proteolysis in PMN extracts, suggesting that the efficacy of DFP may result from its permeation of intact cells and granules before barriers are disrupted by detergents or homogenization. Treatment of PMN with DFP under conditions inhibiting proteolysis did not affect their rate of phagocytosis. We recommend the use of DFP in future studies correlating functions and protein structure of PMN.
Transform Coefficient Coding for Screen Content in Versatile Video Coding (VVC) (2019)

A transform coefficient coding scheme is proposed for 4 × 4 blocks in Versatile Video Coding (VVC), targeting screen content applications. The proposed algorithm, called Unary Bitplane Coding (UBC), uses unary codes of the coefficient amplitudes and represents each block by their bitplanes. This representation allows exploiting further contextual information for source separation during the entropy coding. Experiments in the Joint Exploration test Model (JEM) show that replacing the existing transform coding with UBC only for 4 × 4 blocks brings on average 2.8% and 3.4% BD-R gain in the random access and all intra modes, respectively.
Eine neue Robotergeneration für Raumfahrt, Dienstleistung und Chirurgie (A new Roboter-Generation for Space, Service and Surgery) (2007)

Zusammenfassung Häufig wird die Robotik – insbesondere die Dienstleistungs- oder Service-Robotik – in ihrer Bedeutung für das neue Jahrhundert mit der Gen- und Biotechnologie verglichen. Vor allem Japan und Korea haben sich zum Ziel gesetzt, die erwarteten Milliarden-Märkte frühzeitig für sich zu erobern. Gefragt ist eine neue Generation von Robotern mit leichten, energieoptimalen Armen und geschickten mehrfingrigen Händen, die ein kleines Trägerfahrzeug oder eine Laufmaschine nicht überlasten. Die Anforderungen der Raumfahrt an mechatronische Höchst-Integration, Extrem- Leichtbau und minimalen Energieverbrauch tragen dazu bei, diesem Technologie-Defizit zu begegnen. Die entsprechenden Entwicklungen des DLR-Instituts für Robotik und Mechatronik und ihre Anwendungsperspektiven auf die terrestrische Service- und Chirurgierobotik sind die Kernelemente dieses Beitrags.
Kamratgranskning och kamratdiskussion vid bedömning av muntliga gruppresentationer: pålitlighet och effekter på studenternas lärande (2009)

Det finns goda skäl till att engagera studenterna i deras egen bedömning vid både formativ och summativ examination. Vi har under kursen Molekylär Cellbiologi för Ekosystemvetare vid LTH undersökt studenternas förmåga att bedöma muntliga projektredovisningar och jämfört den med lärarnas. Under kursen genomförde studenterna ett projekt där en muntlig gruppredovisning med efterföljande kamratdiskussion och försvar bedömdes och poängsattes av en opponerande studentgrupp och ett lärarlag. Vår undersökning visade att studenternas poängbedömning stämde väl överens med lärarlagets, både med avseende på medelvärde och spridning. Små skillnader visade sig i bedömningen av ”faktainnehåll” och ”samarbete” där lärarlaget gav ett något mer positivt omdöme, och i bedömning av ”försvar” där studentgrupperna gav lite högre poäng. En undersökning av studenternas attityder och upplevelser i samband med kamratgranskningen visade att presenterande studenter upplevde sig rättvist bedömda, men att några granskande studenter kände lite obehag och osäkerhet inför kamratbedömningen. Vidare upplevde både lärare och studenter att lärandet om både ämnet, lärandeprocessen och bedömningsprocessen gynnades av kamratgranskningen och kamratdiskussionerna. Sammanfattningsvis visade våra resultat att kamratgranskningen fungerade väl, och att studenterna behöver utbildning och tydlig information om bedömningskriterier och motiven för granskningsprocessen så att de kan känna sig trygga, framför allt i granskarrollen.
cw2vec: Learning Chinese Word Embeddings with Stroke n-gram Information (2018)

We propose cw2vec, a novel method for learning Chinese word embeddings. It is based on our observation that exploiting stroke-level information is crucial for improving the learning of Chinese word embeddings. Specifically, we design a minimalist approach to exploit such features, by using stroke n-grams, which capture semantic and morphological level information of Chinese words. Through qualitative analysis, we demonstrate that our model is able to extract semantic information that cannot be captured by existing methods. Empirical results on the word similarity, word analogy, text classification and named entity recognition tasks show that the proposed approach consistently outperforms state-of-the-art approaches such as word-based word2vec and GloVe, character-based CWE, component-based JWE and pixel-based GWE.
Immunogold labeling of keratin filaments in normal human epidermal cells with two anti-keratin monoclonal antibodies. (1986)

We report on application of the highly sensitive and specific immunogold labeling method for ultrastructural investigation of keratin intermediate filament antigens in human epidermal cell suspensions. Triton X-100 pretreated cells proved accessible to the colloidal gold conjugate, thus enabling keratin filament bundles to be labeled. Anti-keratin KL1 and KL2 monoclonal antibodies were raised in mice after immunization with either human stratum corneum-isolated keratins or keratins extracted from human epidermal cells suspensions, respectively. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase results of epidermal keratinocyte staining, and revealed two different antibody reactivity patterns: KL2 reacted with keratin filaments in keratinocytes of all epidermal layers, whereas antigen to KL1 was detected only on keratin of the suprabasal layers, not on the basal keratinocyte tonofilaments. The monoclonal antibody-recognized epitopes were specific for the keratin filaments. Vimentin-rich cells (melanocytes) were not stained in the same epidermal cell suspensions. Additionally, two distinct ultrastructural patterns of keratin filament epitope labeling were observed. KL1 and KL2 monoclonal antibodies react with two different antigenic determinants, depending on the stage of keratinocyte differentiation, and may therefore be used for immunohistochemical studies of various keratin-containing cells in normal and pathologic conditions.
Introduction (1991)

Abstract Since the Suez crisis of 1956, the archives divulged evidence necessary for full and measured reassessment. The chapters in this book represent a combination of detailed research, analysis, and reflection by historians, some of whom, in one way or another, participated in the events of 1956. The book is thus intended to be a balanced discussion of the origins, course, and consequences of the crisis. It explores the contradictory interpretations derived from national perspectives.
Speech Enhancement Using a- Minimum Mean- Square Error Short-Time Spectral (1984)

Absstroct-This paper focuses on the class of speech enhancement systems which capitalize on the major importance of the short-time spectral amplitude (STSA) of the speech signal in its perception. A system which utilizes a minimum mean-square error (MMSE) STSA estimator is proposed and then compared with other widely used systems which are based on Wiener filtering and the “spectral subtraction” algorithm. In this paper we derive the MMSE STSA estimator, based on modeling speech and noise spectral components as statistically independent Gaussian random variables. We analyze the performance of the proposed STSA estimator and compare it with a STSA estimator derived from the Wiener estimator. We also examine the MMSE STSA estimator under uncertainty of signal presence in the noisy observations. In constructing the enhanced signal, the MMSE STSA estimator is combined with the complex exponential of the noisy phase. It is shown here that the latter is the MMSE estimator of the complex exponential of the original phase, which does not affect the STSA estimation. The proposed approach results in a significant reduction of the noise, and provides enhanced speech with colorless residual noise. The complexity of the proposed algorithm is approximately that of other systems in the discussed class.
A quantum spin approach to histone dynamics (2009)

Post-translational modifications of histone proteins are an important factor in epigenetic control that serve to regulate transcription, depending on the particular modification states of the histone proteins. We study the stochastic dynamics of histone protein states, taking into account a feedback mechanism where modified nucleosomes recruit enzymes that diffuse to adjacent nucleosomes. We map the system onto a quantum spin system whose dynamics is generated by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Making an ansatz for the solution as a tensor product state leads to nonlinear partial differential equations that describe the dynamics of the system. Multiple stable histone states appear in a parameter regime whose size increases with increasing number of modification sites. We discuss the role of the spatial dependance, and we consider the effects of spatially heterogeneous enzymatic activity. Finally, we consider multistability in a model of several types of correlated post-translational modifications.
Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure‐Response Modeling Analyses of Golimumab in Children With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis (2018)

Population pharmacokinetics (PK) and exposure-response (E-R) analyses were conducted to compare the PK and E-R relationships of golimumab between children and adults with ulcerative colitis. PK data following subcutaneous golimumab administration to children with ulcerative colitis (6-17 years) in the PURSUIT-PEDS-PK study, adults with ulcerative colitis in the PURSUIT study, and children with pediatric polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (2-17 years) in the GO-KIDS study, were included in the population PK analysis. E-R analysis was conducted using logistic regression to link serum golimumab concentration and Mayo score-based efficacy outcomes in pediatric and adult ulcerative colitis. Golimumab PK was adequately described by a 1-compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination. Golimumab apparent clearance and volume of distribution increased with body weight. Golimumab apparent clearance was higher in patients with lower serum albumin, no methotrexate use, and positive antibodies to golimumab; age was not an influential factor after accounting for body weight. Model-estimated terminal half-life (9.2 days in children; 9.5 days in adults) and other PK parameters suggest that golimumab PK properties are generally comparable between children and adults with ulcerative colitis. Simulations suggest that a higher induction dose than that tested in PURSUIT-PEDS-PK may be needed for children ≤45 kg to achieve exposures comparable to adults. Comparable E-R relationships between children and adults with ulcerative colitis were observed, although children appeared to be more responsive for the more stringent remission end point. The overall comparable PK and E-R relationships between children and adults support the extrapolation of golimumab efficacy from the adult to the pediatric ulcerative colitis population.
Telephone traffic analysis based on scale-free user network and scale-free load distribution (2006)

In this paper we analyze the traffic of telephone systems. Unlike classical traffic analysis where users are assumed to be connected uniformly, our proposed method employs a scale-free network to model the connectivity of telephone users. Furthermore, the probabilities for different users to make calls are different. This inequality is expressed by a scale-free traffic load distribution. We show that network traffic is greatly influenced by the user behavior, and that call blocking probability is generally higher in the case of a scale-free user network. It is also shown that the carried traffic intensity is practically limited not only by the network capacity but also by the scale-free properties of the user behavior.
Light sources for high-volume manufacturing EUV lithography: technology, performance, and power scaling (2017)

Abstract Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography is expected to succeed in 193-nm immersion multi-patterning technology for sub-10-nm critical layer patterning. In order to be successful, EUV lithography has to demonstrate that it can satisfy the industry requirements in the following critical areas: power, dose stability, etendue, spectral content, and lifetime. Currently, development of second-generation laser-produced plasma (LPP) light sources for the ASML’s NXE:3300B EUV scanner is complete, and first units are installed and operational at chipmaker customers. We describe different aspects and performance characteristics of the sources, dose stability results, power scaling, and availability data for EUV sources and also report new development results.
A trust management framework for service-oriented environments (2009)

Many reputation management systems have been developed under the assumption that each entity in the system will use a variant of the same scoring function. Much of the previous work in reputation management has focused on providing robustness and improving performance for a given reputation scheme. In this paper, we present a reputation-based trust management framework that supports the synthesis of trust-related feedback from many different entities while also providing each entity with the flexibility to apply different scoring functions over the same feedback data for customized trust evaluations. We also propose a novel scheme to cache trust values based on recent client activity. To evaluate our approach, we implemented our trust management service and tested it on a realistic application scenario in both LAN and WAN distributed environments. Our results indicate that our trust management service can effectively support multiple scoring functions with low overhead and high availability.