gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Streptococcal Lancefield polysaccharides are critical cell wall determinants for human Group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 to exert its bactericidal effects (2018)

Human Group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 (hGIIA) is an acute phase protein with bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Infection models in hGIIA transgenic mice have suggested the importance of hGIIA as an innate defense mechanism against the human pathogens Group A Streptococcus (GAS) and Group B Streptococcus (GBS). Compared to other Gram-positive bacteria, GAS is remarkably resistant to hGIIA activity. To identify GAS resistance mechanisms, we exposed a highly saturated GAS M1 transposon library to recombinant hGIIA and compared relative mutant abundance with library input through transposon-sequencing (Tn-seq). Based on transposon prevalence in the output library, we identified nine genes, including dltA and lytR, conferring increased hGIIA susceptibility. In addition, seven genes conferred increased hGIIA resistance, which included two genes, gacH and gacI that are located within the Group A Carbohydrate (GAC) gene cluster. Using GAS 5448 wild-type and the isogenic gacI mutant and gacI-complemented strains, we demonstrate that loss of the GAC N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) side chain in the ΔgacI mutant increases hGIIA resistance approximately 10-fold, a phenotype that is conserved across different GAS serotypes. Increased resistance is associated with delayed penetration of hGIIA through the cell wall. Correspondingly, loss of the Lancefield Group B Carbohydrate (GBC) rendered GBS significantly more resistant to hGIIA-mediated killing. This suggests that the streptococcal Lancefield antigens, which are critical determinants for streptococcal physiology and virulence, are required for the bactericidal enzyme hGIIA to exert its bactericidal function.
Copper(I) substitutions. Scope and mechanism of cuprous acetylide substitutions (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCopper(I) substitutions. Scope and mechanism of cuprous acetylide substitutionsCharles E. Castro, R. Havlin, V. K. Honwad, A. M. Malte, and Steve W. MojeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 23, 6464–6470Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01051a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01051a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1447Altmetric-Citations126LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Morphology Control of Dy-Ni Alloy Films by Electrochemical Displantation (2002)

The simultaneous control of morphology of Dy-Ni alloy was achieved by selective anodic dissolution of Dy in a molten (0.50 mol %) system at 700 K. The electrochemically formed films, about 20 μm thick, were transformed to porous and Ni films, depending on the applied potential. Larger pores were formed when the applied potential was more positive. The rapidity and the pore-forming mechanism of the process are suggested to be closely related to the existence of the grain boundary in the alloy because the transformation reaction was very slow for the annealed electrode. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Optical Properties of Tellurium in the Fundamental Absorption Region (1969)

An analysis has been made of the optical absorption edge and reflectivity spectrum of single-crystal tellurium. Transmission measurements, using polarized light, were made between 10 and 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K covering a range of absorption coefficient from 0.4 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ to 5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{3}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. Below 100\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K a sign reversal of the temperature coefficient of the absorption edge was observed for both directions of polarization. The lowabsorption region for $\mathbf{E}\ensuremath{\parallel}c$ showed behavior indicative of indirect transitions, while the absorption edge for $\mathbf{E}\ensuremath{\perp}c$ varied exponentially with photon energy for over two decades. These features, together with the observation of an exciton at 0.336 eV for $\mathbf{E}\ensuremath{\perp}c$, are similar in nature to those previously reported for trigonal selenium. Optical constants, such as the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant, have been calculated over a wide range of wavelengths at 10\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, as well as at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, by applying the Kramers-Kronig relation to the reflectivity spectrum.
Bactericidal Activity Engineered on Human Pancreatic Ribonuclease and Onconase (2009)

Ribonucleases belonging to the pancreatic-type family exhibit a variety of biological activities that make them potential candidates as chemotherapeutic agents. Among them are remarkable the selective cytotoxicity against tumor cells, exhibited by onconase, and the bactericidal activity presented by the eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). In the past years, based on what is known about the cytotoxic mechanism of ribonucleases, a lot of work has been performed to switch non-naturally cytotoxic ribonucleases to potent toxins. Most of the efforts have been devoted to the production of ribonucleases endowed with selective cytotoxicity against tumor cells. In the present paper, however, we have used two nonbactericidal ribonucleases, onconase and the human pancreatic ribonuclease, as scaffolds onto which to engineer bactericidal activity. To this end, the main bactericidal determinant described for ECP (YRWR) has been introduced to these proteins either in an internal position or as an extension of the C-terminal end. The ribonucleolytic activity, thermostability, cytotoxicity against eukaryotic cells and the antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains have been determined for all the variants produced. The results show that we have endowed both ribonucleases with antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, we show that this activity is, at least in part, dependent on the ribonucleolytic activity of the enzymes. Remarkably, we have developed a human pancreatic ribonuclease variant with de novo acquired selective antibacterial which is not cytotoxic to mammalian cells.
In Situ Molecular Spectroscopic Evidence for CO2 Intercalation into Montmorillonite in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2012)

The interaction of anhydrous supercritical CO(2) (scCO(2)) with both kaolinite and ~1W (i.e., close to but less than one layer of hydration) calcium-saturated montmorillonite was investigated under conditions relevant to geologic carbon sequestration (50 °C and 90 bar). The CO(2) molecular environment was probed in situ using a combination of three novel high-pressure techniques: X-ray diffraction, magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy. We report the first direct evidence that the expansion of montmorillonite under scCO(2) conditions is due to CO(2) migration into the interlayer. Intercalated CO(2) molecules are rotationally constrained and do not appear to react with waters to form bicarbonate or carbonic acid. In contrast, CO(2) does not intercalate into kaolinite. The findings show that predicting the seal integrity of caprock will have complex dependence on clay mineralogy and hydration state.
A New Synthesis of Oxime Derivatives from Carbonyl Compounds andN,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)hydroxylamine (1987)

Reaction of a series of aldehydes and ketones with the potassium salt of N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)hydroxylamine (2) gave high yields of the corresponding oximate anion 5. This anion, formed in a Peterson-type reaction, could be protonated to the oxime 7 or trapped in situ with a variety of electrophiles to give O-substituted oxime derivatives.8
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Revealing Targeted Therapy for Human Cancer by Gene Module Maps (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Revealing Targeted Therapy for Human Cancer by Gene Module Maps
Wavelength-scanning coherent OTDR for dynamic high strain resolution sensing (2018)

Distributed vibration sensing in optical fibers opened entirely new opportunities and penetrated various sectors from security to seismic monitoring. Here, we demonstrate a most simple and robust approach for dynamic strain measurement using wavelength-scanning coherent optical time domain reflectometry (C-OTDR). Our method is based on laser current modulation and Rayleigh backscatter shift correlation. As opposed to common single-wavelength phase demodulation techniques, also the algebraic sign of the strain change is retrieved. This is crucial for the intended applications in structural health monitoring and modal analysis. A linear strain response down to 47.5 pε and strain noise of 100 pε/√Hz is demonstrated for repetition rates in the kHz range. A field application of a vibrating bridge is presented. Our approach provides a cost-effective high-resolution method for structural vibration analysis and geophysical applications.
Review of Ligand Specificity Factors for CYP1A Subfamily Enzymes from Molecular Modeling Studies Reported to-Date (2017)

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) family 1A enzymes, CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, are two of the most important enzymes implicated in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds through oxidation. These enzymes are also known to metabolize environmental procarcinogens into carcinogenic species, leading to the advent of several types of cancer. The development of selective inhibitors for these P450 enzymes, mitigating procarcinogenic oxidative effects, has been the focus of many studies in recent years. CYP1A1 is mainly found in extrahepatic tissues while CYP1A2 is the major CYP enzyme in human liver. Many molecules have been found to be metabolized by both of these enzymes, with varying rates and/or positions of oxidation. A complete understanding of the factors that govern the specificity and potency for the two CYP 1A enzymes is critical to the development of effective inhibitors. Computational molecular modeling tools have been used by several research groups to decipher the specificity and potency factors of the CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 substrates. In this review, we perform a thorough analysis of the computational studies that are ligand-based and protein-ligand complex-based to catalog the various factors that govern the specificity/potency toward these two enzymes.
Influences of bilateral ischemic stroke on the cortical synchronization (2009)

Stroke has been one of the leading causes of mortality and long-term morbidity around the world. Describing the cortical synchrony has been useful in understanding of central nervous system disorders after brain injury. In this paper, we investigated the large scale cortical phase synchronization derived from multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings of bilateral ischemic stroke patients(n = 9). Compared with the results from the age- and gender-matched control subjects (n = 8), stroke patients showed 1) there were not significant changes of the intra-hemispheric synchronization after the bilateral stroke; and however, 2) both global and inter-hemispheric synchronization are vulnerable to the ischemic injury. Our preliminary results indicated that synchrony analysis of the spontaneous scalp EEG during at resting state provided new insight into cortical functional disorder following stroke.
Regulation of melatonin secretion in a photoreceptive pineal organ: an in vitro study in the pike (1989)

The pineal organ (or pineal) of a teleost fish, the pike, contains typical (cone-like) and modified photoreceptor cells. Both are involved in indole metabolism, including melatonin production. How photoperiod controls melatonin biosynthesis in organs containing mainly photoreceptor cells, remains unclarified. To tackle this question we have used cultured pike pineal organs to investigate the variations in (1) the activity of the arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (NAT), which is involved in the biosynthesis of melatonin, in static culture and (2) melatonin release in a perifusion system. Serum melatonin was also quantified in pike kept under a 24 hr light/dark (LD) cycle. Under LD conditions, NAT activity, melatonin release, and serum melatonin levels were high during the scotophase and low during the photophase. High-amplitude rhythms in NAT activity and melatonin release were maintained during three 24 hr cycles in constant darkness and a low-amplitude rhythm of NAT persisted in constant illumination. Midnight illumination induced a dramatic decrease of NAT activity and melatonin release. Darkness at midday did not induce a rise of the melatonin release, which occurred only at the onset of the subjective scotophase. From the present data it is strongly suggested that the pineal of the pike contains a circadian oscillator--synchronized by the photoperiod--which generates the rhythms of NAT activity and of melatonin release. Melatonin release, which reflects the rhythmic activity of NAT, might largely contribute to the melatonin circulating levels. The circadian oscillations observed under constant conditions suggest that the oscillator might behave differently in the pike, compared with intrapineal oscillators of 2 other species (lizard and chicken) under investigation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Comparing the Performance of External Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser Heterodyne Radiometer and Fourier Transform Spectrometer for Atmospheric Vertical Profiling (2012)

Retrieval of atmospheric vertical profiles of five molecules from spectra recorded with 60MHz resolution external cavity quantum cascade laser heterodyne radiometer and 600MHz resolution Fourier Transform Spectrometer are analyzed to compare instruments’ performances.
Glassy Liquid Crystal Films as Broadband Polarizers and Reflectors via Spatially Modulated Photoracemization (1999)

Chiral-nematic glassy liquid crystals (GLCs) are of interest because of their unique supramolecular structure and associated optical properties. However, the constant-pitch films produced so far have a bandwidth limited to less than 100 nm in the visible. The introduction of a pitch gradient, indicated by theory to increase bandwidth, is reported here to be achieved by the generation of a pitch gradient in the mesomorphic fluid state and subsequent thermal quenching, freezing in the pitch gradient. An increase of polarization bandwidth by a factor of 2.4 was found.
HARMONIC SUMMATION EFFECTS OF MODERN LAMP TECHNOLOGIES AND SMALL ELECTRONIC HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT (2011)

Due to government policies incandescent lamps are more and more replaced by modern energy saving lamps worldwide. Compared to incandescent lamps luminaries using new technologies (e.g. compact fluorescent and solid state lamps) have a decreased damping effect and significant harmonic emissions, mostly at low order frequencies. Current harmonic limits for these lamps are specified in IEC 61000-3-2. For lamps with rated power below 25W these limits were defined taking several assumptions into account. One assumption is a significant cancellation effect of harmonics between energy saving lamps and other electronic equipment, like computers or TV sets. The main intention of the paper is to verify the cancellation effect for currently available lamps and typical electronic household equipment. After a short introduction and description of the test setup the harmonic emissions of more than 100 lamps (CFL and SSL) and more than 50 electronic appliances, mainly with rated power below 75W, are presented. The cancellation effect of the 5th harmonics for different scenarios is discussed and finally some field measurements are analyzed. ABBREVIATIONS
Mesoporous LixMn2O4Thin Film Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Pseudocapacitors (2016)

Charge storage devices with high energy density and enhanced rate capabilities are highly sought after in today's mobile world. Although several high-rate pseudocapacitive anode materials have been reported, cathode materials operating in a high potential range versus lithium metal are much less common. Here, we present a nanostructured version of the well-known cathode material, LiMn2O4. The reduction in lithium-ion diffusion lengths and improvement in rate capabilities is realized through a combination of nanocrystallinity and the formation of a 3-D porous framework. Materials were fabricated from nanoporous Mn3O4 films made by block copolymer templating of preformed nanocrystals. The nanoporous Mn3O4 was then converted via solid-state reaction with LiOH to nanoporous LixMn2O4 (1 < x < 2). The resulting films had a wall thickness of ∼15 nm, which is small enough to be impacted by inactive surface sites. As a consequence, capacity was reduced by about half compared to bulk LiMn2O4, but both charge and discharge kinetics as well as cycling stability were improved significantly. Kinetic analysis of the redox reactions was used to verify the pseudocapacitive mechanisms of charge storage and establish the feasibility of using nanoporous LixMn2O4 as a cathode in lithium-ion devices based on pseudocapacitive charge storage.
Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Refractory to Other Treatments with Topical Antibiotic Therapy Delivered by Means of a Large‐Particle Nebulizer: Results of a Controlled Trial (2001)

Large-particle nebulized aerosol therapy may offer a safe and effective management alternative for patients with refractory rhinosinusitis.
Patterns of Laryngeal Electromyography and the Activity of the Respiratory System During Spontaneous Laughter (2006)

Laryngeal muscle electromyography (EMG) and measures of the behavior of the respiratory system have been made during spontaneous laughter in two groups of subjects. The smaller group also had a direct measure of tracheal pressure during this behavior. Laryngeal adductors such as the thyroarytenoid (TA) and lateral cricoarytenoid (LCA) exhibited brief high-amplitude bursts of activity, at a rate of approximately 5 Hz, which were usually associated on a 1 : 1 basis with the sound bursts (ha ha ha) of laughter. The laryngeal abductor, posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA), also showed bursts of activity that were out of phase with TA and LCA. The cricothyroid (CT) was only weakly, if at all, modulated during the bursting activity of the other laryngeal muscles. Tracheal pressure usually exhibited positive pressure pulses during laughter that were often, but not always, temporally correlated to the bursts of laryngeal adductor EMG activity. Such pressure modulations appeared to precisely determine when-and if-phonation was produced during the laugh. During laughter, laryngeal EMG is highly stereotyped both within and between subjects. In most instances, this activity appears to be supported by coordinated pulses of tracheal pressure. The periaqueductal gray (PAG) has been shown in animal studies to produce emotionally indicative vocalizations, in which the laryngeal and respiratory system are coordinated. Therefore, it is suggested that the PAG is involved with the production of laughter.
Clustering of derivative and integrative p-wave features for Bayès Syndrome detection (2021)

Early-stage detection of Bayès Syndrome, for preventive purposes, is of great interest due to its associations with multiple medical conditions. A strategy for increasing the original dataset employed on this syndrome's discovery is presented in this work. Furthermore, two clustering techniques were applied: K-Means++ (two different implementations) and FAUM. In addition, FAUM was used with a fixed number of clusters. By applying data augmentation techniques, 2113 signals were obtained from the 49 initial quantity. For each ECG signal sample, derivative and integrative variations on II, III and AVF leads, were calculated. On these datasets both K-Means++ (with Matlab and FAUM implementations) and FAUM (with a fixed number of clusters) were applied to these datasets. Regarding the results, K-Means++ with the Matlab implementation reached a value of 0.82 for the F1-Score metric. Also, integrative variation performance was better than derivative in detecting the P-Wave morphology.
Investigation of the oxygen depletion properties of novel oxygen‐scavenging plastics (2008)

Abstract The oxygen depletion and tensile properties of EVA resins blended with varying compositions and sizes of iron (Fe), modified iron (MFe) and ascorbic acid (Vc) oxygen scavengers were systematically investigated. After blending Vc together with varying sizes of MFe in EVA resins, “synergistic” oxygen depletion properties were found in each E VcMFe‐30 , E VcMFe‐5 , and E VcMFe‐1 series samples, as their weight ratios of Vc to MFe are between 3/7 to 5/5, 3/7 to 7/3 and 1/9 to 9/1, respectively. The oxygen depletion rates of E VcMFe series samples increase significantly as the particle sizes of MFe powders reduce. In fact, the oxygen‐scavenging resins with better oxygen depletion properties always result in lower peroxide values for modeled food samples stored in the airtight flasks of E VcMFe series samples. Further tensile experiments show that the tensile properties of the E VcMFe series samples increase significantly as their Vc loadings or the sizes of the MFe powders reduce. To understand these interesting oxygen depletion, lipid oxidation, and tensile properties of E VcMFe series samples, SEM and EDX analysis of the compositions on the surfaces of E VcMFe series samples were performed. Possible mechanisms accounting for these interesting properties of E Vc , E Fe , E MFe , and E VcMFe series samples are proposed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008