gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flow-Induced Sound of Wall-Mounted Cylinders with Different Geometries (2008)

The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of changes in geometry of a wall-mounted square cylinder in crossflow on the generated aerodynamic noise. The flowfield and acoustic field of several geometries are obtained and their interaction is analyzed. The results of the subset of geometries investigated indicate that the reduction in turbulent kinetic energy does not necessarily also lead to a reduction in radiated noise. Reducing the fluctuations of the stagnation point in front of the cylinder, maintaining a fixed separation line, and reducing the symmetry of the vortex street and its stability seem to be effective measures for reducing aerodynamic noise, among other known approaches.
Dual‐wavelength recording, a simple algorithm to eliminate interferences due to UV‐absorbing substances in capillary electrophoresis (2014)

Analytical interferences have been described due to the presence of various exogenous UV-absorbing substances in serum. Iodine-based X-ray contrast agents and various antibiotics have been reported to interfere with interpretation of serum protein pherograms, resulting in false diagnosis of paraproteinemia. In the present study, we have explored the possibility of measuring UV absorbance at two distinct wavelengths (210 and 246 nm) to distinguish between true and false paraproteins on a Helena V8 clinical electrophoresis instrument. This study demonstrates that most substances potentially interfering with serum protein electrophoresis show UV-absorption spectra that are distinct from those of serum proteins. Scanning at 246 nm allows detection of all described interfering agents. Comparing pherograms recorded at both wavelengths (210 and 246 nm) enables to distinguish paraproteins from UV-absorbing substances. In case of a true paraprotein, the peak with an electrophoretic mobility in the gamma-region decreases, whereas the X-ray contrast media and antibiotics show an increased absorption when compared to the basic setting (210 nm). The finding of iodine-containing contrast media interfering with serum protein electrophoresis is not uncommon. In a clinical series, interference induced by contrast media was reported in 54 cases (of 13 237 analyses), corresponding with a prevalence of 0.4%. In the same series, 1631 true paraproteins (12.3%) were detected. Implementation of the proposed algorithm may significantly improve the interpretation of routine electrophoresis results. However, attention should still be paid to possible interference due to presence of atypical proteins fractions (e.g., tumor markers, C3).
Over Expression of YY1 and RKIP in Multiple Myeloma (Cell Lines and MM Tissues). (2006)

Abstract There is a need to identify underlying molecular mechanisms and gene products (targets for intervention and biomarkers) involved in MM chemo- or immuno-resistance. Recent findings from our laboratory have reported high expression of the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in several tumor types and have demonstrated its fundamental role in tumor cell chemo/immuno-resistance (Gordon, S., et al., Oncogene25:1125, 2006). In contrast, low levels of the Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) has been shown to play a pivotal role in the negative regulation of cell survival signaling pathways, and has been considered a metastasis tumor suppressor. The overall objective of our studies is to examine whether MM cell lines and tissues derived from MM patients present deregulated expression patterns of RKIP and YY1, and to demonstrate the roles of YY1 and RKIP in MM pathogenesis and response to various therapies. In the present study, the myeloma cell lines RPMI-8226 and MM-1S were screened for RKIP and YY1 expression at the protein and m-RNA levels. In addition, fresh tissues from MM patients were also examined for RKIP and YY1 expression by IHC and their patterns compared with those observed in normal bone marrow cells. The findings demonstrate that both MM cell lines express remarkably higher levels of RKIP protein and transcripts compared to other tumor cell lines examined (lymphomas and prostate cancer), as assessed by western, RT-PCR and IHC. There was significantly higher expression of RKIP in MM patient’s samples compared to normal bone marrow cells. YY1 protein and m-RNA levels were detected in the MM cell lines; however, they were lower compared to Ramos and PC-3 cells. YY1 expression in MM tissues was significantly elevated compared to normal bone marrow cells. RKIP was basically present in the cytoplasm while YY1 was mainly accumulated in the nucleus. In contrast, normal bone marrow cells presented primarily cytoplasmic YY1 and RKIP expression. The YY1 expressing population was the CD38+/CD138− cell subset, which has been reported to be more susceptible to apoptosis (Mitsiadis, S.C., et al., Blood 98:795, 2001). Overall, the present findings support the potential involvement of two new gene products, such as YY1 and RKIP, in MM pathogenesis and their implication in regulating MM resistance to conventional therapeutics. Moreover, these gene products suggest their potential use as new therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers in multiple myeloma. Future studies with large cohorts of tissues will elucidate the importance of the above findings and will give new insights in the unexpected RKIP over expression and activity in multiple myeloma.
Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Farkındalığı ve Çevresel Duyarlılık Üzerine Bir Durum Ça (2019)

Yükseköğretim kurumları, üniversite kampüslerinde çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanmasında önemli bir değişkendir. Kampüs sürdürülebilirliği üzerinde yapılan araştırmalar, niteliksel ve sonuç odaklı üniversite mezunu olma hedefine katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, sürdürülebilir bir kampüsün ilkelerine ilişkin olarak, Uluslararası Kıbrıs Üniversitesi bilim ve teknoloji merkezinde ders gören öğrencilerin farkındalık düzeyi incelemiştir. Literatürde daha önceden gerçekleştirilmiş çalışmalar taranarak 24 soruluk bir ölçme aracı geliştirilmiştir. Yapılan bu araştırmada, 107 öğrencinin cinsiyet, öğrenim gördükleri alan ve sınıf gibi bazı kişisel özelliklerinin, kampüste sürdürülebilirlik bileşenlerini müfredat ve araştırma, kampüs operasyonları ve toplum katılımı gibi değerlendirmelere ilişkin görüşlerinde fark yaratıp yaratmadığı incelenmiştir. Ölçme aracı, ilişkisel tarama modeline göre tasarlanmıştır. Ölçme aracının geçerliliği için uzman görüşü alınmış ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılmış olup, elde edilen veriler SPSS 20.0 programı aracılığı ile t - test kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Uygulanan ölçme aracından elde edilen verilere göre, öğrencilerin kampüs sürdürülebilirliği ve buna karşılık gelen çevresel faydalar konusunda endişeleri olsa da, kampüsteki ulaşım, enerji ve su tasarrufu alanlarında daha az farkındalığa sahip oldukları görülmektedir. Öğrenciler, ayrıca müfredatlarında yer alan derslerin ve öğrenci projelerinin de sürdürülebilirliğe çok az değindiğini de bildirilmişlerdir. Ancak, kampüslerdeki sürdürülebilirliği teşvik etmek için, öğrenciler bu algı ve hedefe ulaşmada başlıca paydaşlar olarak görülmektedir. Bu hedefe ulaşmak için, öğrencilerin sürdürülebilirlik konularındaki farkındalıkları ve diğer sosyal olarak ilgili konuların rolünü dâhil etmeleri teşvik edilmelidir. Yapılan çalışma, Uluslararası Kıbrıs Üniversitesi (UKÜ) kampüsü sürdürülebilirliğine yönelik kapsamlı hedef ve stratejilerin üretilmesinde bir başlangıç noktası niteliği taşıması açısından öneme sahiptir.
Formula Comparison for Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Using IOL Master and Ultrasound for the ZCB00 IOL (2014)

Purpose: To evaluation the accuracy of the IOL power calculation formulae measured by IOL Master and applanation ultrasonography for the Tecnis ZCB00 IOL Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 170 eyes in 121 patients who underwent cataract surgery in our hospital with AMO Tecnis ZCB00 IOL.s. The SRK/T formula was used to predict the patient's implanted IOL power. Differences in the predicted refractive errors between IOL Master and ultrasonography were analyzed and factors attributed to the differences were also analyzed. Three months after cataract surgery, mean numeric error and mean absolute error were analyzed. Results: SRK/II and SRK/T formulas calculated using ultrasonography showed differences compared to the same formulas calculated using IOL Master , in which hyperopic shift was also demonstrated. No definite factor was attributed to the differences between the 2 methods. Although the 3 formulas of IOL Master showed no significant difference in refractive errors, the SRK/T formula calculated using IOL Master showed the least mean absolute and numeric errors. Conclusions: IOL Master is considered more suitable when determining proper AMO Tecnis ZCB00 IOL power in cataract surgery. The hyperopic shift should be considered when calculating the IOL power using only ultrasonography.
Gas Temperature Measurement in a Surface-Wave Argon Plasma Column at Low Pressures (2002)

A simple experimental technique to measure the axial average gas temperature in a surface-wave-produced and -sustained plasma has been developed. This experimental method is based on the assumption of a viscous laminar gas regime, and evaluates the gas temperature through the changes in the upstream and downstream pressures when the plasma is switched on and off. Two time scales have been found in the heating and cooling processes, a faster one related to the gas, and a slower one related to the vessel. In addition, the axial average gas temperature has been evaluated as a function of the gas pressure and the incident microwave power at the gap.
Mesogenic Rodlike Aromatic Polyesters. (1987)

Abstract : We have explored the effect of substituents on the crystal nematic and nematic isotropic transition temperatures of poly (p-phenylene terephthalate). The substituents halogen, phenyl, and hexyl replaced hydrogen on the ring of hydroquinone or terephthalic acid. One gets a much larger reduction of the transition temperatures if a phenyl substituent is on terephthalic acid. We believe this substituent forces the carbonyl group out of the ring plane, and creates a more flexible link.
Sirolimus-Eluting Stents for Small Vessels (2005)

How well do sirolimus-eluting stents limit restenosis in small coronary arteries? In a partly manufacturer-funded, single-blind, multicenter trial,
Catalyst, Membrane, Free Electrolyte Challenges, and Pathways to Resolutions in High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (2017)

High temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) are being studied due to a number of benefits offered versus their low temperature counterparts, including co-generation of heat and power, high tolerance to fuel impurities, and simpler system design. Approximately 90% of the literature on HT-PEM is related to the electrolyte and, for the most part, these electrolytes all use free phosphoric acid, or similar free acid, as the ion conductor. A major issue with using phosphoric acid based electrolytes is the free acid in the electrodes. The presence of the acid on the catalyst sites leads to poor oxygen activity, low solubility/diffusion, and can block electrochemical sites through phosphate adsorption. This review will focus on these issues and the steps that have been taken to alleviate these obstacles. The intention is this review may then serve as a tool for finding a solution path in the community.
The Measurement of Patients' Values in Medicine (1982)

The standard gamble, derived from decision theory, is considered a criterion method for obtaining patients' values for different health states. In this method, a rater's value for a health state is obtained by determining, in a hypothetical setting, his readiness to remain in that state or take a risky choice with different outcomes of known value. According to the expected utility criterion, a rater's utility or value for a particular state should not be influenced by changes in the gamble outcomes. The standard gamble was used to obtain 64 patients' judgments of a set of health states, first with the outcomes of perfect health or death, and subsequently with other health states as outcomes. The changes in gamble outcomes significantly influenced reported values for health states, indicating that the standard gamble is internally inconsistent. This observation poses a major limitation to its use as a value measurement method in medicine.
CA125: A superior prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer compared to CEA, CA19-9 or CA242 (2021)

CA125 represents a significant and independent prognostic factor in CRC patients, superior to CEA. Furthermore, CA242 served as a better prognostic marker than both CEA and CA19-9. We recommend including both CA125 and CA242 in prognostic clinical trials among CRC patients.
Superoxide-mediated ferroptosis in human cancer cells induced by sodium selenite (2020)

Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by an iron-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the role of ROS in the regulation of ferroptosis remains elusive. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrate that sodium selenite (SS), a well-established redox-active selenium compound, is a novel inducer of ferroptosis in a variety of human cancer cells. Potent ferroptosis inhibitors, such as ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and deferoxamine (DFO), rescue cells from SS-induced ferroptosis. Furthermore, SS down-regulates ferroptosis regulators; solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), while it up-regulates iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation (LPO). These SS-induced ferroptotic responses are achieved via ROS, in particular superoxide (O<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) generation. Antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Tiron not only scavenged O<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> production, but also markedly rescued SLC7A11 down-regulation, GSH depletion, GPx4 inactivation, iron accumulation, LPO, and ferroptosis. Moreover, iron chelator DFO significantly reduces the O<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> production, indicating a positive feedback regulation between O<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> production and iron accumulation. Taken together, we have identified SS as a novel ferroptosis inducing agent in various human cancer models.
Optically Modulated MEMS scanning endoscope (2005)

This letter presents a novel configuration of a microelectrical-mechanical system (MEMS) scanning endoscope that is actuated by external optical modulation. Light at a wavelength in the 1550-nm range is used to modulate a scanning MEMS mirror. The instrument also provides for the delivery of a second beam at a wavelength of 1310 nm, commonly used for medical diagnostic applications such as optical coherence tomography. The two wavelengths are combined with using a wavelength-division multiplexing filter and launched into a single-mode fiber. This novel approach provides for the operation of a scanning endoscope without the need for directly powering up the scanning element. In this way a less hazardous apparatus for in vivo diagnosis is possible. The design of the module and MEMS scanning mirror is discussed. A fabricated module is demonstrated in which a MEMS mirror scans at the resonant frequency of 350 Hz, generating an optical scanning angle of 8/spl deg/.
Pd0‐Catalyzed Intramolecular α‐Arylation of Sulfones: Domino Reactions in the Synthesis of Functionalized Tetrahydroisoquinolines (2015)

A new strategy for the synthesis of tetrahydroisoquinolines based on the Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular α-arylation of sulfones is reported. The combination of this Pd-catalyzed reaction with intermolecular Michael and aza-Michael reactions allows the development of two- and three-step domino processes to synthesize diversely functionalized scaffolds from readily available starting materials.
Longitudinal stability of salivary microRNA biomarkers in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (2021)

Several salivary RNAs are strongly associated with autistic behaviors in older individuals with ASD and change as early as three months after therapy initiation in younger children. These molecules could be used to track treatment effectiveness and provide prognoses. Further validation is necessary.
Incremental Value Iteration for Time-Aggregated Markov-Decision Processes (2007)

A value iteration algorithm for time-aggregated Markov-decision processes (MDPs) is developed to solve problems with large state spaces. The algorithm is based on a novel approach which solves a time aggregated MDP by incrementally solving a set of standard MDPs. Therefore, the algorithm converges under the same assumption as standard value iteration. Such assumption is much weaker than that required by the existing time aggregated value iteration algorithm. The algorithms developed in this paper are also applicable to MDPs with fractional costs.
Network architecture and medium access control for deploying third generation (3G) wireless systems over CATV networks (2004)

We propose a novel and cost-effective approach for the deployment of third generation (3G) wireless systems over hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC) CATV networks. The main goal is to facilitate 3G deployment over the existing CATV plant and reduce the large cost required for building a dedicated last mile infrastructure for 3G access networks. Our proposal reduces the last mile cost by sharing the existing CATV network and using the standard equipment and protocols of data-over-cable systems interface specifications (DOCSIS). This allows rapid deployment of 3G wireless systems, facilitates convergence of wireless and wireline networks and paves the way towards all IP wireless networks. Enhancements to the DOCSIS medium access control (MAC) protocol must be implemented in order to support Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees for 3G data and signaling traffic. This paper presents the proposed 3G over CATV network architecture and DOCSIS medium access control (MAC) enhancements for enabling the support of QoS guarantees for 3G data and signaling traffic. The proposed MAC enhancements can reduce the access delay for delay-sensitive traffic by 30 to 40% over existing DOCSIS MAC without compromising QoS guarantees for other traffic classes, or the DOCSIS channel utilization. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increases of corticospinal excitability in self‐related processing (2012)

Involvement of fronto-parietal structures within the right hemisphere in bodily self recognition has gained convergent support from behavioural, neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies. Increases in corticospinal excitability via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) also testify to right hemisphere self-related processing. However, evidence for self-dependent modulations of motor excitability is limited to the processing of face-related information that, by definition, conveys someone's identity. Here we tested the hypothesis that vision of one's own hand, as compared with vision of somebody else's hand, would also engage specific self-hand processing in the right hemisphere. Healthy participants were submitted to a classic TMS paradigm to assess changes in corticospinal excitability of the right (Experiment 1) and left (Experiment 2) motor cortex, while viewing pictures of a (contralateral) still hand, which could either be their own (Self) or not (Other). As a control for body selectivity, subjects were also presented with pictures of a hand-related, but non-corporeal object, i.e. a mobile phone, which could similarly be their own or not. Results showed a selective right hemisphere increase in corticospinal excitability with self-hand and self-phone stimuli with respect to Other stimuli. Such a Self vs. Other modulation of primary motor cortex appeared at 600 ms and was maintained at 900 ms, but was not present at earlier timings (100 and 300 ms) and was completely absent following stimulation of the left hemisphere. A similar pattern observed for self-hand and self-phone stimuli suggests that owned hands and objects may undergo similar self-processing, possibly via a different cortical network from that responsible for self-face processing.
Automatic Verification of Real-Timed Systems Using EPSILON (1994)

In this paper we report on an application and extension of the theory of &lt;em&gt;Timed Modal Specifications&lt;/em&gt; (TMS) and its associated verification tool E&lt;small&gt;PSILON&lt;/small&gt;. The novel feature with which E&lt;small&gt;PSILON&lt;/small&gt; has been extended is the ability to automatically generate &lt;em&gt; diagnostic information&lt;/em&gt; in cases of erroneous refinement steps.
Comprehensive Study on High Purity Semiconducting Carbon Nanotube Extraction (2022)

Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a rapidly maturing emerging technology for next‐generation energy‐efficient digital Very‐Large‐Scale‐Integrated (VLSI) systems. However, a major remaining challenge facing CNT field‐effect transistors (CNFETs) are metallic CNTs, causing incorrect logic functionality and increased leakage power. As no CNT synthesis technique demonstrates a reliable path toward manufacturing 99.99% semiconducting CNTs (s‐CNT; required purity for VLSI systems), significant work focuses on solution‐based sorting of CNTs (selectively removing metallic CNTs post‐synthesis). Yet, there lacks both well‐controlled comparisons carefully optimizing key processing parameters simultaneously (CNT synthesis sources, polymer additive used for selective sorting, etc.), as well as statistically significant electrical transistor characterization sample sizes to form concrete conclusions. Here, &gt;90 000 CNFETs (totaling &gt;90 million CNTs) are fabricated and characterized to demonstrate the following key advances: 1) systematic exploration of the impact of different combinations of CNT synthesis sources and polymer additives on the electrical performance of transistors (analyzing on‐current, off‐current, on off ratio, and threshold voltage) to find the best combination, 2) how the optimization and choice of the CNT source can be decoupled from that of the polymer, and 3) an optimal CNT solution that achieves &gt;99.99% s‐CNT purity using electrical measurements, meeting the requirement for VLSI systems.
Robust optical systems using maximum likelihood sequence estimators (2005)

We examine the use of maximum likelihood sequence estimators (MLSE) in realising robust optical transmission systems. Such systems will be more tolerant to non-ideal installations in which, for example, the residual dispersion, or the launch power, are not at the optimum level. We present experimental results for 10 Gb/s transmission, assessing the enhancement in tolerance to chromatic dispersion and launch power through the use of MLSE.
Avalanche behaviour and its temperature dependence of commercial SiC MPS diodes: Influence of design and voltage class (2014)

The avalanche behavior of 650V and 1200V SiC Merged-PN-Schottky diodes was investigated as function of temperature by means of electrical measurements, simulation and optical detection of the avalanche rated electroluminescence. A very good fit between the simulated and experimentally determined breakdown field strengths could be achieved. The TC of the avalanche was 0.14V/K resp. 0.35V/K for the 650V and 1200V devices. For both voltage classes E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Br</sub> was ~3.3MV/cm, clearly above the value of 2.5MV/cm which is frequently assumed in literature for 4H SiC. The devices can withstand long term continuous avalanche as well as single pulse avalanche with a junction temperature rise of ~200°C. Finally the observations are compared with the avalanche behavior of SiC JFETs. As expected, these FETs show comparable T-dependence and electroluminescence patterns as the diodes.