gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Toxicity and Angiogenic Inhibition by Euglenophycin: A Role in Cancer Therapy? (2016)

marrow, is one of the main types of cancer In people with leukemia, abnormal White Blood Cells (WBC) are produced from the bone marrow and released into the peripheral blood stream Unlike normal WBC, leukemias exhibit a higher rate of proliferation resulting in an accumulation of dysfunctional cells. Over time leukemia cells can crowd out normal red and white blood cells producing condition of anemia and hypoxia, which can stimulate the production of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) [3], an important factor in angiogenesis.
TWO PATTERNS OF SENSITIZATION DEMONSTRATED BY RECIPIENTS OF DONOR-SPECIFIC TRANSFUSION LIMITATIONS TO CONTROL BY IMURAN (1987)

Characteristics of the sensitization response to donor-specific transfusion (DST) have been studied in the context of the pretransfusion panel reactive antibody (PRA) status of the recipient. Two distinct patterns of response to DST and Imuran treatment have been found. In patients with one-haplotype-matched donors, the panel nonreactive patient (PRA less than 10%) has a 19% incidence of DST sensitization that is further reduced by Imuran treatment to 6%; antibodies are both anti-T cell and anti-B cells, are transient, and are specific to the mismatched HLA antigens of the blood donor. Panel-reactive patients (PRA greater than 10%) have a 56% incidence of DST sensitization; the antibodies appear within 2 weeks of the first transfusion, are anti-T cell, and are generally of broad specificity and persistent duration consistent with amplification of a previous antigenic exposure; Imuran seems to have little or no effect in reducing the incidence of sensitization in these panel-reactive patients. However, panel reactive patients whose PRA levels spontaneously fall to panel-nonreactive levels immediately prior to DST therapy have an exceedingly low (0-8%) incidence of sensitization with or without Imuran coverage.
The EPR[Electron Paramagnetic Resonance] of Pu{sup 3+} and Cf{sup 3+} in Single Crystals of LuPO{sub 4} (1992)

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy has been used to investigate the ground-state properties of the actinide ions Pu 3 + (55) and cf3+ (59) incorporated as dilute impurities in single crystals of the tetragonalsymmetry host LUP04.The g-values of the electronic ground states were determined experimentally at a sample temperature of 4 K.These values are compared to those calculated using the free-ion parameters available from previous crystal-field analyses of Pu 3 + and Cf3+ ions diluted in LaCl3 host single crystals and a set of "crystal-field" parameters reported earlier for Cm 3 + (5(7) ions in LUP04.These crystal-field parameters were obtained from spin-Hamiltonian parameters using operator-equivalent factors and the assumption that the zero-field splitt!ng of the ground state of the 57 ion is due primarily to intermediate-coupling effects.The relatively poor agreement between the experimental and calculated g-values indicates that the crystal-field parameters obtained for Cm 3 + in LUP04 cannot be used to predict the correct electronic ground-state properties of the other actinide ions Pu 3 + and cf3+ in the identical host single crystal LUP04' Accordingly, in the case of actinide impurity ions in 2 , ) \,,' single crystals, there is no simple correspondence between the spin-Hamiltonian parameters and the crystal-field parameters.3 ., , )'t,,"',"
Antiallodynic Effect of Intrathecal Korean Red Ginseng in Cisplatin-Induced Neuropathic Pain Rats (2019)

Intrathecally administered KRG decreased CINP. In addition, spinal 5-HT7 receptors contributed to the antiallodynic effect of KRG.
Dynamic Coupling Strategy for Interdependent Network Systems Against Cascading Failures (2022)

Cascading failures are a common phenomenon in complex networked systems where failures at only a few nodes may trigger a process of sequential failure. We applied a flow redistribution model to investigate the robustness against cascading failures in modern systems carrying flows/loads (i.e. power grid, transportation system, etc.) that contain multiple interdependent networks. In such a system, the coupling coefficients between networks, which determine how much flows/loads are redistributed between networks, are a key factor determining the robustness to cascading failures. We derive recursive expressions to characterize the evolution of such a system under dynamic network coupling. Using these expressions, we enhance the robustness of interdependent network systems by dynamically adjusting the coupling coefficients based on current system situations, minimizing the subsequent failures. The analytical and simulation results show a significant improvement in robustness compared to prior work, which considers only fixed coupling coefficients. Our proposed Step-wise Optimization (SWO) method not only shows good performance against cascading failures, but also offers better computational complexity, scalability to multiple networks, and flexibility to different attack types. We show in simulation that SWO provides robustness against cascading failures for multiple different network topologies.
Clinical Predictors of a Diagnosis of Common Variable Immunodeficiency-related Granulomatous-Lymphocytic Interstitial Lung Disease (2016)

Hypersplenism and polyarthritis are strong risk factors for GLILD in patients with CVID. Percent predicted FVC remained stable over time in patients with GLILD.
Initial Evaluation of a 290-μm Diameter Subcutaneous Glucose Sensor (1998)

Results of the initial clinical evaluation in 20 human subjects of a subcutaneously implanted microsensor-based amperometrically glycemia-monitoring system, carried out between April 1994 and June 1995, are reported. The system was based on the electrical connection ("wiring") of the reaction centers of glucose oxidase to a gold electrode and on elimination of the chemicals that interfere with glucose monitoring through their horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation by internally generated hydrogen peroxide. The sensor was finer than a 29-gauge needle and had no leachable components. Because of its high selectivity for glucose, the sensor output was virtually nil at zero glucose level. This enables prompt "one-point" in vivo calibration of the sensor with a single blood glucose sample. Microsensors were subcutaneously implanted in ten nondiabetic and ten insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) volunteers. All subjects underwent standard meal tests and intravenous glucose-tolerance tests (IVGTT) in addition to hourly plasma glucose measurements. The sensor signals were continuously recorded, and the glucose concentration estimates were derived by calibrating the sensor using a single blood sample (one-point calibration). Regression analysis revealed that the sensor-estimated glucose concentrations were linearly related to the plasma glucose concentrations (r2 = 0.75) over a wide glucose concentration range (2-28 mmol/L) (sensor estimate = plasma 0.96 + 0.26 mmol/L). The difference between the estimated and actual glucose concentration was -0.13+/-0.23 mmol/L [mean +/-95% confidence interval (CI), n = 546], and 95% of the estimates fell in clinically acceptable zones of the Clarke error grid. The sensing delay time was 10.4+/-2.3 min as measured by the IVGTT. The subjects reported no discomfort associated with wearing the sensors.
A Comparison of Astrophysical and Terrestrial Frequency Standards: Which are the best clocks? (2010)

We have re-analyzed the stability of pulse arrival times from pulsars and
white dwarfs using several analysis tools for measuring the noise
characteristics of sampled time and frequency data. We show that the best
terrestrial artificial clocks substantially exceed the performance of
astronomical sources as time-keepers in terms of accuracy (as defined by cesium
primary frequency standards) and stability. The superiority in stability is
demonstrated over timescales up to 2 years. Beyond 2 years there is a
deficiency of data for clock/clock comparisons and both terrestrial and
astronomical clocks are equally limited by the quality of the time
dissemination systems used to make the comparisons. Nonetheless, we show that
detailed accuracy evaluations of modern terrestrial clocks imply that these
clocks are likely to have a stability better than any astronomical source up to
timescales of at least hundreds of years. This is in conflict with many claims
in the literature and so we believe it is crucial to rectify this
misunderstanding so that there may be a correct appreciation of the relative
merits of natural and artificial clocks. The use of natural clocks as tests of
physics under the most extreme conditions is entirely appropriate; however, the
contention that these natural clocks, particularly white dwarfs, can compete as
timekeepers against devices constructed by mankind is shown to be doubtful.
A cross-sectional single-centre study on the spectrum of Pompe disease, German patients: molecular analysis of the GAA gene, manifestation and genotype-phenotype correlations (2012)

Disease manifestation strongly correlates with the nature of the GAA mutations, while the variable progression in non-classic Pompe disease is likely to be explained by yet unknown modifying factors. This study provides the first comprehensive dataset on the clinical course and the mutational spectrum of Pompe disease in Germany.
The Sacred Fount (1901)

The narrator speculates upon the relationships between house guests at a weekend party. John Lyon's introduction discusses how the story grew away from James, becoming a curiously intimate revelation of his interests and methods. Notes and textual revisions are also included.
Inhibitors of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase promote neuronal survival in vitro (1998)

Mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinases include the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, the c-Jun amino-terminal kinase, and the p38 subgroups. Sustained activation of Jun kinase and p38 have been shown to precede apoptosis of PC12 pheochromocytoma cells induced by withdrawal of trophic factors. To investigate the possible role of p38 in neuronal apoptosis, we tested the effect of two selective p38 inhibitors, the pyridinyl imidazole compounds SB203580 and SB202190, on different populations of chick embryonic neurons in vitro. Both substances promoted the in vitro survival of sensory, sympathetic, ciliary and motor neurons in a dose-dependent fashion. When assayed in nerve growth factor-stimulated PC12 cells, SB203580 pretreatment inhibited the activation of both ribosomal S6 kinases-1 and -2 with the same IC50 (approximately 30 μM) that inhibited apoptosis in primary neurons. Thus, p38 inhibitor-sensitive pathways may be involved in apoptosis of neurotrophic factor-deprived primary neurons, and in activation of ribosomal S6 kinases. J. Neurosci. Res. 52:483–490, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Morcelised Impacted Cortico-Cancellous Bone Allografts in Revision Surgery for Endoprosthetic Loosening with Osteolysis (2001)

Revision total hip arthroplasty (RTHA) and filling of the bone defects with impacted particulated bone allograft is the concept that has been studied in this thesis. In three in vitro models, biome ...
Experimental and numerical investigations of proppant pack effect on fracture conductivity of channel fracturing (2020)

Abstract Channel fracturing technology has been previously applied in the field; however, there are few studies on the shape and distribution pattern of the proppant pack and its effects on fracture conductivity. In this study, the shape and distribution of proppant packs in the channel fracturing process were studied by plate fracture experiments. Subsequently, proppant distribution geometry models were obtained based on a quantitative analysis of the experimental results. A conductivity calculation model was derived by the lattice Boltzmann method in order to investigate the proppant pack effect on fracture conductivity and optimize the distribution. Experimental results demonstrated that the shape and distribution of proppant packs were mainly controlled by the injection rate and pulse time, and four typical distribution types in the fracture were identified. Simulation results indicated that the flow resistance increased dramatically as the pillar‐fracture ratio (PFR) increased. However, fracture conductivity was also strongly related to the fracture width under closure pressure, in that the average width of the fracture decreased or closed completely as the PFR decreased. Under the same PFR at 50%, fracture conductivity was dominated by the distribution type, and the streamlined proppant packs yielded the highest conductivity. Finally, corresponding laboratory parameters intended for generating the streamlined packs were converted to field application, thereby proposing recommended pumping rates for different fracture heights and fracture widths.
Binding of boar spermatozoa to oviductal epithelium in vitro in relation to sperm morphology and storage time (2006)

In vitro short-term storage of boar semen for up to 72 h before insemination negatively affects fertility, but this often remains undetected during semen quality assessment. One important sperm function is the ability to form the functional sperm reservoir in the oviduct. In the present study, we used the modified oviductal explant assay to study sperm binding to oviductal epithelium in vitro in diluted boar semen stored for 24 or 72 h. First, we determined the kinetics of in vitro sperm binding to oviductal epithelium in relation to co-incubation time of sperm and oviductal tissue pieces. Then, we studied how the binding of sperm to oviductal epithelium was affected by in vitro semen storage and by differences among individual boars. Sperm binding after different incubation times was significantly higher when semen was stored 24 h than after 72-h storage (P < 0.05), and peaked at 30-90 min of incubation. Sperm binding differed between boars (n = 44), and was negatively correlated to the percentage of sperm with cytoplasmic droplets (R = -0.51, P < 0.001). There were no significant changes in motility, acrosome integrity and propidium iodide stainability during the 72-h storage period. However, sperm-binding indices were significantly lower after 72 h in vitro storage than after 24-h storage in sperm from boars with normal semen quality (P < 0.05); in contrast, the binding capacity of sperm from boars with higher percentages of morphologically altered sperm remained at a low level. The sperm-binding capacity of sperm from four of the five boars with known subfertility was lower than the mean binding index minus one standard deviation of the boar population studied here. It is concluded that changes in the plasma membrane associated with in vitro ageing reduce the ability of stored boar sperm to bind to the oviductal epithelium. This study shows the potential of sperm-oviduct binding as a tool to assess both male fertility and changes in sperm function associated with in vitro ageing.
Biochemical Model Reactions for Cataract Research (1985)

There are several experimental indications that cataract formation is induced and/or enhanced by activated oxygen species including hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical anion, singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical. These species can be generated chemically, enzymatically or photodynamically. Taking advantage of endogenous photodynamic compounds in isolated lens, aqueous humor or vitreous preparations in the presence of S-methyl-alpha-ketobutyric acid (KMB), ethylene formation can be monitored for at least 2 h of light-dependent KMB degradation. This reaction is extremely sensitive and can be inhibited by potassium iodide in low concentrations. This model reaction might be useful for studying possibly inhibiting substances or stimulating processes involved in cataract formation.
Controlling VCSEL polarization by monolithically integrated surface gratings: a survey of modelling and experimental activities (2006)

VCSELs have several advantages with respect to edge emitting semiconductor lasers; their major drawback is the lack of polarization control due to the almost absence of any selecting mechanism in the resonator and active medium. In this paper we will review a technique based on the integration of a shallow grating into the VCSEL output facet, which gives very good results, provided that a careful design is performed.
Photoelastic constants of germanium (1978)

The photoelastic constants of Ge have been measured at 3.39 and at 10.6 μm. Our stress-birefringence data join smoothly to earlier stress-birefringence data at other wavelengths. The acousto-optic figure of merit M2, computed from our data, agrees well with M2 determined for commercial acousto-optic devices. However, our data disagree with some earlier measurements of M2, the elasto-optic constants pij, and the change of refractive index with hydrostatic pressure dn/dP.
Selective Aerobic Benzylic Alcohol Oxidation of Lignin Model Compounds: Route to Aryl Ketones (2014)

Abstract A mild and chemoselective oxidation of the α‐alcohol in β‐O‐4′‐ethanoaryl and β‐O‐4′‐glycerolaryl ethers has been developed. The benzylic alcohols were selectively dehydrogenated to the corresponding ketones in 60–93 % yield. A one‐pot selective route to aryl ethyl ketones was performed. The catalytic system comprises recyclable heterogeneous palladium, mild reaction conditions, green solvents, and oxygen in air as oxidant. Catalytic amounts of a coordinating polyol were found pivotal for an efficient aerobic oxidation.
Study of Internal Finishing Process for Capillary using Magneto-rheological Fluid (2009)

Capillaries, whose internal diameters are under 0.3 mm, are used for an injection pipe in medical field, an instrument in chemical and biological field. These capillaries are being required to be finished smoother to prevent a contamination etc. This paper studied a new finishing process using Magneto-rheological Fluid (MRF) of such capillaries, which are difficult to be finished by general processing techniques. In our previous study, we developed the MRF-based slurry, which is the composite of MRF and abrasive, and demonstrated the basic finishing characteristics and the finishing mechanisms. In this paper, we applied the MRF-based slurry to the internal finishing of capillaries using the motion of axial direction, and demonstrated the finishing characteristics and the finishing mechanisms. The higher magnetic flux density of the finishing area increased the finishing force and the dragged motion of the slurry by the magnetic poles; improved the finishing performance. And the edge effects of magnetic flux density also accelerated the finishing performance was found. The slurry showed the high dragged motion when the supplied amount of the slurry was accommodated to the area of high magnetic flux density. The higher velocity of magnetic poles decreased the dragged motion of the slurry; declined the finishing performance. The internal surface of SUS316L stainless steel tube (0.8mmID, 0.4mmID) could be finished smooth by the MRF-based slurry was confirmed.
Longitudinal and transverse inhomogeneities in a nonlinear oscillator (1987)

We consider a nonlinear medium whose polarization P is described by a nonlinear oscillator equation. 1,2 The steady-state fields are analytically solved for plane waves in a slowly varying envelope approximation. We find the conditions for the appearance of a boundary in the medium separating a high-polarization branch of stationary solutions from a low-polarization branch. We show how this boundary can be probed by the reflected intensity and by degenerate four-wave mixing spectroscopy, and results are given for these cases. We also use a numerical procedure to solve the steady-state equations which include one transverse dimension. There is an interesting change in the on-axis behavior related to the self-focusing effects for Fresnel numbers of order unity.
Bloodless Glucose Measurements (1998)

Self-measurement of blood glucose is part of the daily routine for patients with diabetes, and healthcare professionals use these values for therapy and treatment. Healthcare providers are encouraging patients with insulin-dependent diabetes to test their blood glucose level four to six times a day to effectively manage their disease and significantly reduce the incidence of serious and costly complications. Unfortunately, people with diabetes test less than once a day on average, associating this noncompliance with pain associated with drawing blood from the finger. Glucose-monitoring techniques are under study that would allow body fluids other than blood to be used in a painless or almost painless manner. These new technologies could lead to a revolutionary advance in the treatment of diabetes, and the current research and development can now be reviewed.
Vaccines, Shots That Protect You (2019)

Tomorrow, your mother will take you to the doctor to receive your vaccines. Why do you need these shots since you are healthy and have already received some shots when you were just a baby? In this article, you will discover the reasons why booster vaccines are crucial, to protect you, your brothers and sisters but also your classmates and your friends.
Frustrated Lewis Pairs as Molecular Receptors: Colorimetric and Electrochemical Detection of Nitrous Oxide (2013)

Laughing about frustration: Frustrated Lewis pairs comprising a bulky tertiary phosphine and a strongly Lewis acidic ferrocenyl borane (FcB(C6F5)2) have been investigated for the colorimetric/electrochemical detection of N2O. One such system, based on tBu3P/FcB(C6F5)2, not only signals the presence of N2O, but also has the ability to differentiate between N2O and O2. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.