gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Resolution MR-Elastography : a Unique Tool to Study the Rheological Properties of Tissue In Vivo and the Origin of Its Multiscale Behaviour (2008)

Although the rheology of soft tissue samples is subject to extensive studies, mainly via rheometer measurements, only a few papers discuss the mechanical behaviour of living biological tissues. This is mainly due to the lack of a reliable and accurate technique to quantitatively assess the stress–strain relationship in vivo. In this study, we show that MR–Elastography with its full 3D potential gives unique access to the frequency dependency of the complex shear modulus. In‐vivo multi–frequent experiments were conducted in rat brain, fibrotic rat liver and human breast tissue. Additionally, a full physically‐motivated model, in agreement with the causality principle, has been developed to explain the observed dispersion properties and finite element simulations were conducted to understand their microscopic origin. MR–Elastography can be efficiently used to study rheology in vivo. The frequency behaviour of the macroscopic viscoelastic parameters gives additional information about the microscopic structure of the material. The observed power–law leads to the hypothesis that an underlying self–similar network is responsible for it. Simulations show that the vascular network is a potential candidate. If proven, this could lead to a contrast provided on a macroscopic scale sensitive to changes on the level of the microscopic vascular architecture. Furthermore, at low frequency, the apparent loss modulus seems to originate from the multiple scattering at the micro level rather than from the intrinsic viscosity.
Lorentz force sigmometry: a novel technique for measuring the electrical conductivity of solid and liquid metals (2015)

In this paper, a novel method to measure the electrical conductivity of solid and molten metals is described.We term the method 'Lorentz force sigmometry', where the term 'sigmometry' refers to the letter sigma σ, often used to denote the electrical conductivity.The Lorentz force sigmometry method is based on the phenomenon of eddy currents generation in a moving conductor exposed to a magnetic field.Based on Ampere's law, the eddy currents in turn generate a secondary magnetic field; as a result, the Lorentz force acts to brake the conductor.Owing to Newton's third law, a measurable force, which is equal to the Lorentz force and is directly proportional to the electrical conductivity of the conductive fluid or solid, acts on the magnet.We present the results of the measurements performed on solids along with the initial measurements on fluids with a eutectic alloy composition of Ga 67 In 20.5 Sn 12.5 ; detailed measurements on molten metals are still in progress and will be published in the future.We conducted a series of experiments and measured the properties of known electrical conductive metals, including aluminum and copper, to compute the calibration factor of the device, and then used the same calibration factor to estimate the unknown electrical conductivity of a brass bar.The predicted electrical conductivity of the brass bar was compared with the conductivity measured with a commercial device called 'SigmaTest'; the observed error was less than 0.5%.
Production and physiological function of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in non-pregnant human endometrial stromal cells (2000)

Effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on proliferation and differentiation of normal human endometrial stromal cells were investigated in an in vitro decidualization culture of stromal cells. Unstimulated stromal cells secreted little prolactin and G-CSF, whereas 8-Br-cAMP-stimulated stromal cells secreted higher levels. There was no relationship, however, between the levels of prolactin and G-CSF secreted from the stimulated cells. Detectable levels of prolactin secretion were not found in two of six stromal cell cultures stimulated with 8-Br-cAMP; however, these two culture supernatants contained high concentrations of G-CSF. Co-stimulation of the stromal cells with 8-Br-cAMP and G-CSF enhanced prolactin secretion from the stimulated cells in a G-CSF concentration-dependent manner without any change in viable cell numbers. However, G-CSF did not affect prolactin secretion or viable cell numbers of 8-Br-cAMP-stimulated decidualized cells. These results indicate that G-CSF enhances cAMP-mediated decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells in an autocrine or paracrine fashion.
Fast energy evaluation of embedded applications for many-core systems (2014)

The growing concerns of energy efficiency and performance scalability motivate research in the area of many-core embedded systems. The software development of such systems plays an important role on the system performance, while accounting for a significant part of the total energy consumption. Thus, it becomes imperative to consider the software energy consumption at early stages of the software development. This paper proposes an instruction-driven energy analysis approach that provides an accurate and practical way of evaluating software energy cost at the speed of up to 1.8 MIPS. Results show that the accuracy of our approach varies from 0.06% to 8.05% when compared to a gate-level implementation.
Constitutional SAMD9L Mutations Cause Familial Myelodisplastic Syndrome with Monosomy 7 and Stable Revertant Mosaicism (2017)

Abstract Familial myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) arise from haploinsufficiency of genes involved in hematopoiesis, show variable penetrance and are primarily associated with MDS in younger patients. The same genes involved in familial MDS might also cause sporadic manifestation, e.g. in GATA2 deficiency where ~2/3 of identified germline mutations arise de novo . In this study we aimed to discover the genetic cause in 7 patients of 4 unrelated pedigrees (Fig. A). The phenotypic denominator was MDS with progressive or transient loss of chromosome 7 and remarkably, spontaneous long-lasting remission was observed in 2 cases. Dysmorphic features or neurological symptoms were absent. Median age at diagnosis was 2 (1-42) years, all patients presented with thrombocytopenia with or without additional cytopenias and a hypocellular marrow without increase of blasts. There was no spontaneous growth in an in vitro GM-CSF hypersensitivity assay performed in 2 patients. Genomic studies identified constitutional mutations p.H880Q, p.R986H, p.R986C and p.V1512M in SAMD9L gene on 7q21 cytoband, with decreased allele frequency in hematopoiesis. Interestingly, similar (p.I981T, p.C1196S) or identical (p.H880Q, p.R986C) SAMD9L mutations had been recently reported in 4 families with Ataxia-Pancytopenia syndrome. Family testing in 3 pedigrees (Fig A), revealed an incomplete penetrance in 33% (3/9) of mutation carriers. In comparison with other germline variants, SAMD9L missense mutations showed significantly lower median allelic frequencies in blood across all patients (53% vs. 16%, p Leukemic progression from MDS to CMML was observed after 3.6 years in P1. In contrast, spontaneous remission occurred in P2 and P7, who showed transient monosomy 7 that had been replaced by large UPD7q clones with wildtype SAMD9L allelic duplication. Both patients maintained normal marrow morphology, cytogenetics, and blood counts until over 10 and 20 years from initial diagnosis. In conclusion, our study establishes constitutional SAMD9L mutations as a novel cause of hereditary MDS without accessory phenotypes and point to the notion that MDS with chromosome 7 loss can be the sole and common manifestation of SAMD9L-related disease. The clinical outcomes range from leukemic progress to spontanous remission. This is the first observation of sustained revertant mosaicism due to UPD7q and etiologic explanation for transient monosomy 7. Further studies will be essential to define the role of SAMD9L in hematopoiesis and explore the observed variable penetrance. Download : Download high-res image (123KB) Download : Download full-size image Figure 1 . Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
The mathematical modeling of metabolic and endocrine systems : model formulation, identification, and validation (1983)

Introduces the concepts, methods and techniques of model formulation, identification, and validation as applicable to metabolic and endocrine processes. Shows how modeling can be used to provide a concise description of complex dynamic processes, to test hypotheses concerning physiological and biochemical structure, and to estimate physiological quantities (parameters) that otherwise would not be directly accessible to measurement. Includes numerous examples and case studies.
An integrated database to support research on Escherichia coli (1992)

We have used logic programming to design and implement a prototype database of genomic information for the model bacterial organism Escherichia coli. This report presents the fundamental database primitives that can be used to access and manipulate data relating to the E. coli genome. The present system, combined with a tutorial manual, provides immediate access to the integrated knowledge base for E. coli chromosome data. It also serves as the foundation for development of more user-friendly interfaces that have the same retrieval power and high-level tools to analyze complex chromosome organization.
Polymeric Film Dialysis in Organic Solvent Media for Cleanup of Organic Contaminants (1990)

Abstract Dialytic enrichment, using a nonpolar polymeric film or membrane, is proposed as a new approach for the separation of organic contaminants from fish lipid. Nonpolar organochlorine analytes diffuse from the fish lipid through a polyethylene membrane into cyclopentane. Separations of 48 h or less in duration afforded excellent recoveries for all analytes tested and removed 93% of the fish oil. Kinetics of membrane diffusion and possible controlling factors are elucidated for selected analytes and model compounds. Potential advantages of this technique over conventional lipld-removal methods such as gel permeation chromatography include simplicity, large sample capacity, reduced solvent requirements, and amenability to interfacing in-line with other enrichment modules.
Robust Small Robot Localization From Highly Uncertain Sensors (2010)

Localization is arguably the most important goal for a robot to solve-without knowledge of its place in the world, a robot cannot do useful work. The current best practice for providing accurate localization given uncertain sensors involves the use of sensor fusion, or combining sensor data in order to derive a better pose estimation for the robot. Small robots add another problem that needs to be solved-limited power, computational ability, and weight/space constrain both the sensors available and the filters that can be used. This paper provides a detailed example in simulation of four filter types: the extended Kalman filter, the Fuzzy EKF, the sigma-point KF (SPKF), and the double fuzzy SPKF, while discussing the strengths and weaknesses of all current state of the art sensor methods. While the field is relatively mature, there has been little to no comparative analysis of different filters performed-what roles do they best serve, how to select the “best” filter, and what tradeoffs must be made for each type. This paper analyzes the current state of the art filters of all categories and determines their applicability to the small robot problem.
Hydrothermal synthesis of unsupported MoS2 as catalyst for hydrodesulfurization of gas oil (2016)

Hydrothermal synthesis with ammonium heptamolybdate and thiourea as precursors was used to obtain an unsupported MoS2 catalyst. The catalyst was obtained in sulfide state directly at mild reaction conditions (i.e., 180°C during 5 h). After catalyst was obtained, it was characterized through nitrogen physisorption, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Catalytic evaluation was carried out in a batch reactor at 350°C, 55 bar of hydrogen pressure, 750 rpm, and 3 h of reaction time using straight-run gas oil (SRGO) as feedstock. A commercial CoMo/Al2O3 catalyst was used for comparison of activity. The synthesized catalyst was slightly more active toward SRGO hydrodesulfurization than commercial one keeping constant the sulfur removal after two runs.
Natural Perturbed Training for General Robustness of Neural Network Classifiers (2021)

We focus on the robustness of neural networks for classification. To permit a fair comparison between methods to achieve robustness, we first introduce a standard based on the mensuration of a classifier's degradation. Then, we propose natural perturbed training to robustify the network. Natural perturbations will be encountered in practice: the difference of two images of the same object may be approximated by an elastic deformation (when they have slightly different viewing angles), by occlusions (when they hide differently behind objects), or by saturation, Gaussian noise etc. Training some fraction of the epochs on random versions of such variations will help the classifier to learn better. We conduct extensive experiments on six datasets of varying sizes and granularity. Natural perturbed learning show better and much faster performance than adversarial training on clean, adversarial as well as natural perturbed images. It even improves general robustness on perturbations not seen during the training. For Cifar-10 and STL-10 natural perturbed training even improves the accuracy for clean data and reaches the state of the art performance. Ablation studies verify the effectiveness of natural perturbed training.
Corticosteroids and the retina (2015)

The role of MR in retinal disorder is emerging and the potential association with psychological traits is considered. The place of MR antagonists for retinal diseases treatment is discussed.
Nerve growth factor induces neuron-like differentiation of an insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cell line. (1993)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is the best understood of a class of trophic proteins that are important for the survival of neurons and the elaboration of their characteristic processes. Here we demonstrate that RINm5F, a rat insulinoma cell line representing an early stage in pancreatic beta cell differentiation, expresses both the Trk and p75 NGF receptors and responds to NGF by extending neurite-like (neurofilament-containing) processes. NGF treatment of RINm5F cells also induces the expression of genes normally responsive to NGF in neurons, including the NGF-1A gene. Inasmuch as pancreatic beta cells arise from the embryonic endoderm, these results suggest that NGF may play a wider role during development than previously thought-a role not restricted to cells of neuroectodermal origin--and that endocrine and neuronal cells share a developmental pathway. The specific effect of NGF on an early pancreatic beta cell line also suggests that this neurotrophic factor might form the basis of a therapeutic treatment for some types of diabetes by inducing the proliferative differentiation of islet cells.
Spin-coated Ag nanoparticles for enhancing light absorption of thin film a-Si:H solar cells (2014)

We fabricate silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) on the rear surface of thin film hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si: H) solar cells to enhance the light absorption using spin-coating Ag ink, which can produce Ag NPs by a simple, fast, and inexpensive method. Ink concentration and sintering temperature of the spin-coating Ag ink are optimized to maximize the light absorption in the solar cell by tuning the size and distribution as well as the surface coverage of the Ag NPs. The thickness of a SiNx spacer layer, which was embedded between the solar cell and the Ag NPs for electrical isolation, dependent optical properties of the solar cell is also systematically investigated. The thin film a-Si: H solar cell with a thin SiNx spacer layer and the Ag NPs showed great potential for realizing cost-effective high-efficiency solar cells.
INPS: predicting the impact of non-synonymous variations on protein stability from sequence (2015)

Supplementary Materials are available at Bioinformatics online.
Co‐Delivery of Doxorubicin and Chloroquine by Polyglycerol Functionalized MoS2 Nanosheets for Efficient Multidrug‐Resistant Cancer Therapy (2021)

2D MoS<sub>2</sub> has shown a great potential in biomedical applications, due to its superior loading capacity, photothermal property, and biodegradation. In this work, polyglycerol functionalized MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets with photothermal and pH dual-stimuli responsive properties are used for the co-delivery of doxorubicin and chloroquine and treatment of multidrug-resistant HeLa (HeLa-R) cells. The polyglycerol functionalized MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets with 80 nm average size show a high biocompatibility and loading efficiency (≈90%) for both drugs. The release of drugs from the nanosheets at pH 5.5 is significantly promoted by laser irradiation leading to efficient destruction of incubated HeLa-R cells. In vitro evaluation shows that the designed nanoplatform has a high ability to kill HeLa-R cells. Confocal experiments demonstrate that the synthesized drug delivery system enhances the cellular uptake of DOX via folic acid targeting ligand. Taking advantage of the combined properties including biocompatibility and targeting ability as well as high loading capacity and photothermal release, this multifunctional nanosystem is a promising candidate for anticancer therapy.
Motorcycle rider posture measurement for on-road experiments on rider intention detection (2022)

Motorcycle riders represent a highly vulnerable group of road users with high risk of heavy injuries and fatalities per distance traveled. Hence there is an ongoing demand for the development of assistance systems to improve riding safety. Collecting information about a rider's intention – the desired maneuver to carry out or trajectory to travel through – is considered as an enabler for new systems that can warn or intervene before or assist in dangerous driving situations. The observation of the rider's posture is necessary for a holistic understanding of the human-machine interface as riders typically move their body during riding for various reasons. The authors develop and test an on-road capable measurement system of high accuracy and robustness for the detection of rider upper body posture in riding experiments as off-the-shelf systems are not existent. AprilTag optical markers applied to the back of the rider that are filmed by a camera from behind prove to be superior to other concepts tested. Two new methods named subarea and dynamic frame rate evaluation are introduced to reduce computational effort from raw video data to rider posture information. First measurement results from on-road riding are presented and reveal positional errors below 1 cm or 3 deg rider lean angle. Based on the data that is collected in an ongoing riding study, the meaning of posture information for the identification of rider behavior and intention will be further investigated.
In VitroCulture and Plant Regenerationin Vicia fabasubsp. Equina (var. Spring Blaze) (1989)

Journal Article In Vitro Culture and Plant Regeneration in Vicia faba subsp. Equina (var. Spring Blaze) Get access H. FAKHRAI, H. FAKHRAI Biology Department, University of SouthamptonBuilding 44, Southampton, SO9 5NH UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. FAKHRAI, F. FAKHRAI Biology Department, University of SouthamptonBuilding 44, Southampton, SO9 5NH UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. K. EVANS P. K. EVANS 2 Biology Department, University of SouthamptonBuilding 44, Southampton, SO9 5NH UK 2 To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 40, Issue 7, July 1989, Pages 813–817, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/40.7.813 Published: 01 July 1989 Article history Received: 15 December 1988 Published: 01 July 1989
Rapid synthesis of indium phosphide (1985)

A method for the high-pressure synthesis (440 psi) of InP is investigated. Independent temperature control of a three-zone furnace incorporating a heat pipe provides a stable temperature profile throughout the synthesis cycle. Internal/external pressure control of the quartz ampoule is maintained by use of a water-cooled baffle and a temperature/pressure balancing program. Complete synthesis is achieved in less than 5 h.
Rictor/mTORC2 Loss in the Myf5 Lineage Reprograms Brown Fat Metabolism and Protects Mice against Obesity and Metabolic Disease (2014)

The in vivo functions of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) and the signaling mechanisms that control brown adipose tissue (BAT) fuel utilization and activity are not well understood. Here, by conditionally deleting Rictor in the Myf5 lineage, we provide in vivo evidence that mTORC2 is dispensable for skeletal muscle development and regeneration but essential for BAT growth. Furthermore, deleting Rictor in Myf5 precursors shifts BAT metabolism to a more oxidative and less lipogenic state and protects mice from obesity and metabolic disease at thermoneutrality. We additionally find that Rictor is required for brown adipocyte differentiation in vitro and that the mechanism specifically requires AKT1 hydrophobic motif phosphorylation but is independent of pan-AKT signaling and is rescued with BMP7. Our findings provide insights into the signaling circuitry that regulates brown adipocytes and could have important implications for developing therapies aimed at increasing energy expenditure as a means to combat human obesity.
Turnover of inositol pentakisphosphates, inositol hexakisphosphate and diphosphoinositol polyphosphates in primary cultured hepatocytes (1993)

We have used a non-transformed cell model, the primary cultured hepatocyte, to explore the turnover of inositol hexakisphosphate, multiple isomers of inositol pentakisphosphate and two novel diphosphoinositol polyphosphates. All of these compounds gradually accumulated radioactivity throughout a 70 h period of labelling with [3H]inositol. However, a rapid metabolic rate was revealed upon inhibition of diphosphoinositol polyphosphate biphosphatase(s) with 1 mM fluoride for 40 min: this treatment elevated levels of [3H]diphosphoinositol polyphosphates up to 10-fold, indicating that their cellular pools were normally turning over at least 10 times every 40 min. This was accompanied by a turnover of about 10% of the pool of inositol hexakisphosphate. Control experiments established that 200 nM vasopressin brought about a typical activation of phospholipase C in hepatocytes after 62 h of primary culture. This agonist treatment did not affect steady-state levels of [3H]inositol pentakisphosphates, [3H]inositol hexakisphosphate or [3H]diphosphoinositol polyphosphates. However, prolonged treatment of hepatocytes with 2 microM thapsigargin reduced steady-state levels of [3H]diphosphoinositol polyphosphates by 50-70%. This effect of thapsigargin was also observed in the presence of fluoride, indicating that thapsigargin inhibited the rate of synthesis of diphosphoinositol polyphosphates.
A Dielectric Antenna with Rejection Mechanism for Full-Duplex Body Area Network Radios (2020)

This paper presents design and implementation of a dielectric resonator antenna for body area network applications with full duplex operation at two adjacent ISM frequencies. The antenna design features a new parasitic radiator arrangement providing a switchable mechanism to reject communication at 2.45 GHz. Rejection level as high as 12 dB was achieved. In order to improve the antenna front-to-back ratio (FTBR), a mushroom-type electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure is placed underneath the antenna to eliminate parallel plate mode and spurious radiation of the aperture feed. Simulation results reveal that the antenna exhibits nearly unidirectional radiation with an FTBR of better than 15 dB and gain of 5.8 dBi.