gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of anagrelide on in vivo megakaryocyte proliferation and maturation in essential thrombocythemia (2002)

To define the mechanism by which anagrelide normalizes the platelet count in essential thrombocythemia, we studied in vivo megakaryocytopoiesis in 10 newly diagnosed patients prior to and while on anagrelide therapy. Using flow cytometric analysis of aspirated marrow, megakaryocytopoiesis was quantified and correlated with the autologous platelet production rate. Megakaryocytes were identified by CD41a expression and enumerated in relation to the nucleated marrow erythroid precursors. Megakaryocyte diameters were directly measured by time-of-flight technique, and cell ploidy was measured by DNA staining. Two to 3 thousand megakaryocytes were analyzed in each sample. In the 10 patients, the platelet count was 1063 +/- 419 x 10(9) platelets/L (mean +/- 1 SD) with markedly increased production (237 +/- 74 x 10(9) platelets/L per day versus 43.1 +/- 8.4 x 10(9) platelets/L per day in healthy individuals). The platelet survival was 8.2 +/- 1.1 days versus 9.0 +/- 0.5 days in healthy controls (P >.05). Megakaryocyte diameter was increased to 46 microm (versus 37 microm in controls; range, 21 microm for 2N to 56 microm for 64N cells). The volume increased to 48 x 10(3) microm(3) versus 26 x 10(3) microm(3) in controls, and the number increased to 14 x 10(6)/kg (versus 7 x 10(6)/kg in controls), resulting in 3.7-fold increase in megakaryocyte mass (66 x 10(10) microm(3)/kg versus 18 x 10(10) microm(3)/kg). Cell ploidy was enhanced showing a modal ploidy of 32N (versus 16N in healthy controls) with marked increase in 64N and 128N cells (P <.05). Anagrelide therapy reduced the platelet counts to 361 +/- 53 x 10(9) platelets/L and the turnover rate to 81 x 10(9) platelets/L per day. The platelet survival was unchanged. Following therapy, megakaryocyte number decreased to 8 x 10(6)/kg, diameter to 40 microm, and volume to 34 x 10(3) microm(3) with a normalized modal ploidy of 16N, resulting in a megakaryocyte mass reduced by 60% (28 x 10(10) microm(3)/kg; P <.05). This reduction in cell mass closely correlated with the reduction in platelet count and production rate by 66% (r = 0.96). The present data indicate that in essential thrombocythemia anagrelide therapy decreases circulating platelets by reducing both megakaryocyte hyperproliferation and differentiation.
<title>New method for forming images of objects from their Fourier magnitude</title> (1990)

New algorithms are summarized for recovering an object's intensity distrubution from the second- or third-order autocorrelation function, or equivalently, the Fourier magnitude or bispectnim, of the intensity.
Room Temperature Synthesis of Heptazine‐Based Microporous Polymer Networks as Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution (2013)

Two emerging material classes are combined in this work, namely polymeric carbon nitrides and microporous polymer networks. The former, polymeric carbon nitrides, are composed of amine-bridged heptazine moieties and showed interesting performance as a metal-free photocatalyst. These materials have, however, to be prepared at high temperatures, making control of their chemical structure difficult. The latter, microporous polymer networks have received increasing interest due to their high surface area, giving rise to interesting applications in gas storage or catalysis. Here, the central building block of carbon nitrides, a functionalized heptazine as monomer, and tecton are used to create microporous polymer networks. The resulting heptazine-based microporous polymers show high porosity, while their chemical structure resembles the ones of carbon nitrides. The polymers show activity for the photocatalytic production of hydrogen from water, even under visible light illumination.
The Accuracy of the Saline Load Test in the Diagnosis of Traumatic Knee Arthrotomies (2007)

For small lacerations around the knee, saline loads of less than 194 mL are of questionable sensitivity, and surgeons should not use the saline load test to rule out open knee injuries.
Validation of HVOF WC/Co Thermal Spray Coatings as a Replacement for Hard Chrome Plating on Aircraft Landing Gear (2004)

Hard chromium electroplating is extensively used by aircraft manufacturers and military maintenance depots to provide wear and/or corrosion resistance or to restore dimensional tolerance to components. However, chrome plating utilizes hexavalent chromium, which is a highly toxic carcinogen, and increasingly stringent environmental and worker-safety regulations are making chrome plating more expensive for the DoD. This document constitutes the final report on a project to quality high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray WC/Co coatings as a replacement for hard chrome plating on landing gear components. Extensive fatigue, wear, corrosion, impact, and hydrogen embrittlement test results comparing the WC/Co coatings against hard chrome are presented. The results of rig and flight-testing of HVOF WC/Co coatings on landing gear components are also presented. in general, the performance of the WC/Co coatings was superior to hard chrome. Producibility issues such as stripping, grinding, and non-destructive inspection of the coatings were addressed. Cost/Benefit analyses indicate that military repair depots that overhaul landing gear can realize substantial savings by converting from hard chrome to HVOF. Specifications were developed for the WC/Co powder, the coatings deposition parameters, and the grinding of the WC/Co coatings.
Preparation via a solution method of La0.2Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 and its characterization for anode supported solid oxide fuel cells (2013)

La0.2Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 is a carefully selected composition to provide optimal ceramic and electrical characteristics for use as an anode support in solid oxide fuel cells. In this study we focus on the process optimization and characterization of A-site deficient perovskite, La0.2Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 (LSCTA-), powders prepared via a solution method to be integrated into the SOFC anode supports. A Pechini method has been applied to successfully produce single phase perovskite at 900 °C. Processing conditions have been modified to yield a powder that displays a similar sintering profile to commercial yttria stabilised zirconia. The conductivity behavior of porous bodies under redox has been investigated showing a 2 stage process in both oxidation and reduction cycling that exhibits strong reversibility. For the reduction process, addition of impregnated ceria reduces the onset delay period and increases the apparent rate constant, k values, by 30–50% for both stages. The addition of ceria had less influence on the oxidation kinetics, although the conductivity values of both oxidised and reduced porous bodies were enhanced.
Effects of Metal Ions on the Electronic, Redox, and Catalytic Properties of Cofactor TTQ of Quinoprotein Amine Dehydrogenases (2000)

Model compounds of novel organic cofactor TTQ (tryptophan tryptophylquinone) of quinoprotein methylamine and aromatic amine dehydrogenases have been shown to interact with a series of metal ions in anhydrous organic media. Spectroscopic analyses including UV−vis, NMR, and resonance Raman indicate that the metal ion binds to the TTQ model compounds at their o-quinone moiety, the binding mode of which is similar to that proposed for the interaction between cofactor TTQ and a cationic species in the native enzymes. The binding constants KML for the metal ion complexes of TTQ model compounds have been determined from the spectral changes in UV−vis due to the complex formation. Remarkable enhancement of the oxidizing ability of the TTQ model compounds by the complexation with metal ions has been demonstrated as a large positive shift in the one-electron reduction potentials E0red of the complexes as compared to those of the TTQ model compounds in metal free form (e.g. ΔE0red = 1.17 V for the Mg2+ complex and ΔE0red = 1.16 V for the Sc3+ complex). The complexes can oxidize not only benzylamine but also aliphatic amines in anhydrous acetonitrile, whereas no reaction takes place in the absence of the metal ion under otherwise the same experimental conditions. Kinetic studies have revealed that the reaction proceeds via a transamination mechanism involving iminoquinone and product imine intermediates to yield the oxidized products and the reduced TTQ. The ESR spectra of the half-reduced species of TTQ model compounds, i.e. semiquinone radical anions, are detected successfully. The spin distribution derived from the hyperfine structures indicates that the spin is partially delocalized on the indole ring connected at the 4-position of the quinone skeleton. This indicates that the indole group plays an important role as a part of the electron-transfer pathway from the reduced TTQ to a blue copper protein in biological systems.
N-Glycan Analysis of Recombinant L-Selectin Reveals Sulfated GalNAc and GalNAc−GalNAc Motifs (2010)

The leukocytic adhesion receptor L-selectin plays a crucial role in the first step of the adhesion cascade, enabling leukocytes to migrate into surrounding tissues during inflammation and immune surveillance. We analyzed the site-specific N-glycosylation of the lectin and EGF-like domain of L-selectin using recombinant variants ("LEHis"). The three glycosylation sites of LEHis were mutated to obtain singly glycosylated variants that were expressed in HEK293F cells. alpha1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP), expressed in the same system, was used to distinguish between cell type- and protein-specific glycosylation. Using mass spectrometry and exoglycosidase digestions, we established that LEHis was mostly bearing multifucosylated diantennary N-glycans with a major fraction terminating with GalNAc residues replacing the more common Gal. We could also show that parts of the GalNAc residues were sulfated. Furthermore, we identified novel diantennary glycan structures terminating with the motif GalNAc-GalNAc or SO(4)-GalNAc-GalNAc, which have not been described for N-glycans yet. Interestingly, none of these specific features were found in the N-glycan profile of AGP. This indicates that protein intrinsic information of L-selectin leads to decoration with specific N-glycans, which in turn may be related to L-selectin function.
Prediction of Ultrasonic Signals Captured from a Side-Drilled Hole Using a Rectangular Transducer (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Surface and Airborne Monitoring Technology for Detecting Geologic Leakage in a CO<sub>2</sub>-Enhanced Oil Recovery Pilot, Anadarko Basin, Texas (2018)

Surface and airborne gas monitoring programs are becoming an important part of environmental protection in areas favorable for subsurface storage of carbon dioxide. Understanding structural architecture and its effects on the flux of fluids, specifically CO2 and CH4, in the shallow subsurface and atmosphere is helping design and implement next generation monitoring technologies, including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). An important aspect of this research is using subsurface fracture data to inform the design of flight pathways for UAVs in the Farnsworth Oil Unit of the Anadarko Basin. The target zone for CO2 storage and enhanced oil recovery in the Farnsworth Oil Unit is in the upper Morrow sandstone at subsurface depths greater than 2,000 m. Field study reveals that sandstone and chert in the High Plains Aquifer contain numerous joints that provide crucial insight into aquifer architecture and subsurface flow pathways. Properties of more than 1,700 joints were measured in the field and in high-resolution satellite images. Two distinctive joint systems interpreted as a conjugate pair were identified in the study area. Joint spacing follows a log-normal statistical scaling rule. These fractures appear to be the product of an E-NE regional compressive stress and may have a significant effect on flow in the High Plains Aquifer system. Based on the results of this research, design of UAV flight paths should be oblique to fractures in a way that maximizes the likelihood of CO2 and CH4 flux from of systematic joints and cross joints. Detection of leaks either from subsurface seal failures or surface equipment problems is important to insure that stored CO2 is not being lost to the atmosphere. In the case of surface leaks, costs go up and injection efficiency goes down. Surface leaks are often short term caused by seal leaks, pop off valves, or other equipment failure modes. In either case, CO2 is released to the atmosphere. This projects primary goal was to explore the use of low cost sensors coupled with the appropriate hardware and software to produce a low cost system capable of detecting both long and short term leaks. In addition, an aerial system was designed to measure the CO2 and CH4 distributions above the surface. Both the ground and UAV based systems were designed, tested and deployed in the Farnsworth field.
Porous Silicon Modified Photovoltaic Junctions: An Approach to High-Efficiency Solar Cells (2007)

The solution of the energy problems of our universe is based on the use of the ultimate source of energy, THE SUN, as the main source of useable energy. The trials to obtain solar cells of appropriate efficiency and suitable price represent one of the main tasks of different research groups over the whole world. In this respect silicon represent the main absorber of sun light that could be converted to electricity, photovoltaic cells, or to high energy chemical products, photoelectrochemical cells. Photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical systems were prepared by the formation of a thin porous film on silicon. The porous silicon layer was formed on the top of a clean oxide free silicon wafer surface by anodic etching in HF/H2O/C2H5OH mixture (2:1:1). The silicon was then covered by an oxide film (tin oxide, ITO or titanium oxide. The oxide films were prepared by the spray/pyrolysis technique which enables the incorporation of foreign atoms like In, Ru or Sb in the oxide film matrix during the spray process/. The incorporation of foreign atoms improves the surface characteristics of the oxide film which leads to the improvement of the fill factor and higher solar conversion efficiency. The prepared solar cells are stable against environmental attack due to the presence of the stable oxide film. It gives relatively high short circuit currents (Isc) compared to our improved silicon single crystal solar cells /6/, due to the presence of the porous silicon layer, which leads to the recorded high conversion efficiency. Although the open‐circuit potential (Voc) and fill factor (FF) were not affected by the thickness of the porous silicon film, the short circuit current was found to be sensitive to this thickness. An optimum thickness of the porous film and also the oxide layer is required to optimize the solar cell efficiency. The results represent a promising system for the application of porous silicon layers in solar energy converters. The use of porous silicon instead of silicon single crystals in solar cell fabrication and the optimization of the solar conversion efficiency will lead to the reduction of the cost as an important factor and also the increase of the solar cell efficiency making use of the large area of the porous structures.
The effect of reagents that increase membrane fluidity on the activity of 3‐hydroxyl‐3‐methyl glutaryl coenzyme a reductase in the CHO‐K1 cell (1981)

The compounds cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and ethanol both decrease the order parameter of a spin probe embedded in cholesterol-lecithin liposomes, but CTAB produces lowering of the order parameter comparable to that produced by ethanol at a 10,000-fold lower concentration. Treatment of CHO-K1 cells with CTAB or ethanol at concentrations that produce comparable increases of membrane fluidity produce to 2- to 3-fold increase of microsomal membrane cholesterol to phospholipid ratio and a 2- to 3-fold increase of the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Cells treated with CTAB or ethanol show a progressively decreasing capacity to accumulate alpha-aminoisobutyric acid with increasing drug treatment, but cells pre-treated with CTAB are relatively resistant to the effects of CTAB on alpha-aminoisobutyrate transport. The increase in HMG-CoA reductase by CTAB or ethanol is not observed when these compounds are added directly to cell extracts but, rather, is only observed after 8 hours or exposure of intact cells to these drugs. Actinomycin D and cycloheximide treatment prevent the increase in enzyme activity, and the increase is also blocked in a regulatory mutant of the CHO-K1 cell with permanently repressed HMG-CoA reductase activity. These data are consistent with a homeoviscous adaptation mechanism in the CHO-K1 cell, in which increased activity of HMG-CoA reductase, through a process requiring RNA and protein synthesis, compensates for conditions that increase membrane fluidity by increased cellular cholesterol biosynthesis and cholesterol to phospholipid ratio.
On the Connections Between Universal Hashing, Combinatorial Designs and Error-Correcting Codes (1995)

In this primarily expository paper, we discuss the connections between two popular and useful tools in theoretical computer science, namely, universal hashing and pairwise independent random variables; and classical combinatorial stuctures such as error-correcting codes, balanced incomplete block designs, difference matrices and orthogonal arrays. 1 Introduction The concept known as &amp;quot;universal hashing&amp;quot; was invented by Carter and Wegman [5] in 1979. In [29, p. 18], Avi Wigderson characterizes universal hashing as being a tool which &amp;quot;should belong to the fundamental bag of tricks of every computer scientist&amp;quot;. This is no exaggeration, as there are probably well in excess of fifty papers in theoretical computer science that employ universal hashing as an important tool. Several of the most attractive applications are outlined in the the lecture notes [29]. A closely related topic goes by several names: &amp;quot;strongly universal hashing &amp;quot; [27], &amp;quot;two-point based sampling&amp;quot; [6], and &amp;quot;pairwise indep...
Therapie des aktiven Morbus Crohn mit dem Boswellia-serrata-Extrakt H 15 (2001)

The study confirms that therapy with H15 is not inferior to mesalazine. This can be interpreted as evidence for the efficacy of H15 according to the state of art in the treatment of active Crohn's disease with Boswellia serrata extract, since the efficacy of mesalazine for this indication has been approved by the health authorities. Considering both safety and efficacy of Boswellia serrata extract H15 it appears to be superior over mesalazine in terms of a benefit-risk-evaluation.
Ursolic acid, an antagonist for transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 (2004)

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), a multifunctional cytokine which is involved in extracellular matrix modulation, has a major role in the pathogenesis and progression of fibrotic diseases. We now report the effects of ursolic acid on TGF-beta1 receptor binding and TGF-beta1-induced cellular functions in vitro. Ursolic acid inhibited [(125)I]-TGF-beta1 receptor binding to Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblasts with an IC(50) value of 6.9+/-0.8 microM. Ursolic acid dose-dependently recovered reduced proliferation of Minc Mv1Lu cells in the presence of 5 nM of TGF-beta1 and attenuated TGF-beta1-induced collagen synthesis and production in human fibroblasts. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that ursolic acid may interact with the hydrophobic region of the dimeric interface and thereby inhibit the binding of TGF-beta1 to its receptor. All these findings taken together show that ursolic acid functions as an antagonist for TGF-beta1. This is the first report to show that a small molecule can inhibit TGF-beta1 receptor binding and influence functions of TGF-beta1.
Multicast With Network Coding in Application-Layer Overlay Networks (2004)

All of the advantages of application-layer overlay networks arise from two fundamental properties: 1) the network nodes in an overlay network, as opposed to lower-layer network elements such as routers and switches, are end systems and have capabilities far beyond basic operations of storing and forwarding; 2) the overlay topology, residing above a densely connected Internet protocol-layer wide-area network, can be constructed and manipulated to suit one's purposes. We seek to improve end-to-end throughput significantly in application-layer multicast by taking full advantage of these unique characteristics. This objective is achieved with two novel insights. First, we depart from the conventional view that overlay nodes can only replicate and forward data. Rather, as end systems, these overlay nodes also have the full capability of encoding and decoding data at the message level using efficient linear codes. Second, we depart from traditional wisdom that the multicast topology from source to receivers needs to be a tree, and propose a novel and distributed algorithm to construct a two-redundant multicast graph (a directed acyclic graph) as the multicast topology, on which network coding is applied. We design our algorithm such that the costs of link stress and stretch are explicitly considered as constraints and minimized. We extensively evaluate our algorithm by provable analytical and experimental results, which show that the introduction of two-redundant multicast graph and network coding may indeed bring significant benefits, essentially doubling the end-to-end throughput in most cases.
Acoustic properties of the normal chest (1995)

Laënnec invented the stethoscope in 1816 and published a treatise on auscultation in 1819. We then had to wait until the 1950s to observe development of modern devices and methods of recording and signal-processing, which allowed objective studies of lung sounds in time and frequency fields. Tracheobronchial sounds generated by ventilation originate in the upper airways, the frequency content of these sounds has led to extensive research. Consolidated lungs act as more efficient sound conductors to the chest wall (bronchial breathing murmur). Tracheobronchial sounds contain higher frequency components compared to vesicular lung sounds. The origin of vesicular lung sounds has been becoming progressively clear for about 10 yrs. It is at least partly produced locally, deep, and probably intralobular. Clearly, further studies need to be performed in order to elucidate the true mechanisms involved in generating vesicular lung sounds, the redistribution of intrapulmonary gas or vibrations caused by the stretching of lung tissue. The devices developed are already useful for monitoring the state of patients in intensive care. Sooner or later, real time analysis and automated diagnosis will become available.
Alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress protects against cisplatin-induced ovarian damage (2018)

CDDP-induced ERS could promote autophagy and apoptosis in granulosa cells, causing excessive follicle loss and endocrine disorders. Alleviation of ERS with 4-PBA, but not of autophagy with 3-MA, protect against CDDP-induced granulosa cell apoptosis and ovarian damage. Thus, 4-PBA can be used to protect the ovary during chemotherapy in women.