gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Double quantum point contacts in series (1992)

A quantum-mechanical calculation of ballistic electron transport in a double-point-contact structure is presented. We include in our model structure the presence of side leads between opposite point contacts, a flared geometry around the corner of the intersection region, and a potential barrier in the constrictions. Nonadditivity of conductances is investigated for various geometries. When two constrictions are placed in close vicinity, the total transmission through the double quantum point contacts is determined by the narrower one. When the same number of channels are transmitted in both point contacts, the conductance takes a value between Ohmic addition and the adiabatic limit. A transmission resonance originating from bound states in the cavity region is observed when the side leads are pinched off, and is discussed in terms of the parity of the wave function.
Orthonormality and Spectral Analysis for Robotics and Astrodynamics (2010)

A rigid transform of the E3 space into itself stands as the basis of a complete description of mechanical motions of solid bodies, where the orthogonal and normalized character (orthonormality) of the transform matrix are used as a postulate. However, the orthonormality is in fact a consequence of the condition of rigidity. The demonstration is outlined through the spectral analysis for application in the engineering of robots and astrodynamics. The problem posed is to directly find, in a general and confident manner, the elements of the rotation matrix when the direction and magnitude of the rotational displacement are given, which is an inverse design problem. Previously solved in 2-D, this problem is now extended to 3-D problems of mechanics and an implicit suggestion is made for the n-D mechanics.
Aliens and atheism (2014)

In reply to the physicsworld.com blog post "Aliens and atheists" (2 October, http://ow.ly/CQzu4), about a survey that found that atheists are more likely than religious people to believe that life exists on other planets.
Objective View Point: object-orientation and C++ (part II of II) (1995)

Object-orientation has become a buzzword with many mean-ings. It is a design methodology, a paradigm (a way of thinking about problems and finding solutions), and a form of program-ming. As a design methodology, we can use object-oriented tech-niques to design software systems. But it is more than a design methodology, it is a whole new way of thinking about prob-lems. Object-oriented design allows us to think about the actual real-world entities of the problem we are attempting to provide a solution for. Beginning the design with concepts from the real-world problem domain allows the same concepts to be carried over to implementation, making the design and implementation cycle more seamless.
Research Ethics and Practitioners: Concerns and Strategies for Novice Researchers Engaged in Graduate Education (2008)

In recent years, practitioner research has gained prominence in academic literature and in graduate programs. This has led to increased attention to the ethical complexities of research that interconnects with professional practice. Many practitioner-researchers struggle to plan research that simultaneously satisfies their intellectual curiosity, the ethical standards of their professional practice, and their institutional research ethics boards. These struggles are particularly evident for new researchers, including those engaged in graduate study. In this paper, we identify ethical tensions for novice practitioner-researchers enrolled in a graduate research course. The paper is intended to contribute to conversations about teaching research ethics in graduate education. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs040263
SYST-12 D2C7 CAR: A NOVEL CAR T CELL THAT SIMULTANEOUSLY TARGETS WILDTYPE EGFR AND ITS MUTANT ISOFORM EGFRVIII FOR TREATMENT OF GLIOMA AND BRAIN METASTASES (2022)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells represent a revolutionary class of immunotherapy, achieving considerable success in hematological cancers but generally failing to control solid tumors, including gliomas, partly due to the lack of a ubiquitously-expressed target antigen. In this study, we engineered a novel CAR T-cell consisting of the D2C7scfv targeting moiety that binds a shared epitope between EGFR and EGFRvIII. EGFR is the most homogeneous antigen on glial brain tumors, and the mutant EGFR variant, EGFRvIII, is present on a considerable subset of high grade gliomas. CAR T-cells targeting EGFRvIII alone fail to treat tumors possessing as few as 5-10% EGFRvIII-negative cell. Thus, D2C7 CAR is expected to be superior to the EGFRvIII CAR. METHODS We retrovirally transduced T-cells with a vector encoding the D2C7scFv in tandem with intracellular signaling domains of CD28, 4-1BB, and CD3ζ to generate D2C7 CAR. We co-cultured D2C7 CAR or control CAR with fluorescently-tagged tumor cells expressing either EGFRwt or EGFRvIII to validate efficacy and specificity by flow cytometry. To determine in vivo efficacy, EGFRwt or EGFRvIII-expressing tumors were implanted intracranially in immunodeficient NSG mice. 48 hours later, D2C7 CAR, VIII CAR, or Mock CAR were administered intracranially and mice were monitored for survival. RESULTS D2C7 CAR specifically killed tumor cells that expressed either EGFRwt or EGFRvIII, but not cells that lacked EGFR. Intracranial D2C7 CAR administration resulted in significantly prolonged survival of mice bearing EGFRwt or EGFRvIII tumors compared to Mock CAR controls. Importantly, D2C7 CAR significantly benefitted mice bearing a heterogeneous mix of EGFRwt and EGFRvIII tumor cells, a model of tumor heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS D2C7 CAR is efficacious against EGFRwt/EGFRvIII heterogeneous tumors. Intracranial administration of D2C7 CAR is predicted to safely and effectively treat a large cohort of patients due to the relatively high prevalence of EGFR and/or EGFRvIII-expressing brain tumors.
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: longitudinal analysis of predictors for postural control (2021)

Impaired postural control is often observed in response to neurotoxic chemotherapy. However, potential explanatory factors other than chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) have not been adequately considered to date due to primarily cross-sectional study designs. Our objective was to comprehensively analyze postural control during and after neurotoxic chemotherapy, and to identify potential CIPN-independent predictors for its impairment. Postural control and CIPN symptoms (EORTC QLQ-CIPN20) were longitudinally assessed before, during and three weeks after neurotoxic chemotherapy, and in three and six months follow-up examinations (N = 54). The influence of peripheral nerve function as determined by nerve conduction studies (NCS: compound motor action potentials (CMAP) and sensory action potentials (SNAP)), physical activity, and muscle strength on the change in postural control during and after chemotherapy was analyzed by multiple linear regression adjusted for age and body mass index. Postural control, CIPN signs/symptoms, and CMAP/SNAP amplitudes significantly deteriorated during chemotherapy (p < .01). During follow-up, patients recovered from postural instabilities (p < .01), whereas CIPN signs/symptoms and pathologic NCS findings persisted compared to baseline (p < .001). The regression model showed that low CMAP and high SNAP amplitudes at baseline predicted impairment of postural control during but not after chemotherapy. Hence, pre-therapeutically disturbed somatosensory inputs may induce adaptive processes that have compensatory effects and allow recovery of postural control while CIPN signs/symptoms and pathologic peripheral nerve function persist. Baseline NCS findings in cancer patients who receive neurotoxic chemotherapy thus might assist in delineating individual CIPN risk profiles more precisely to which specific exercise intervention programs could be tailor-made.
Bone Mineral and Organic Properties in Postmenopausal Women Treated With Denosumab for Up to 10 years (2020)

In postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, denosumab (DMAb) therapy through 10 years resulted in significantly higher degree of mineralization of bone, with a subsequent increase from years 2-3 to year 5 and no further difference between years 5 and 10. Our aim was to assess the variables reflecting the quality of bone mineral and organic matrix (Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy), and the microhardness of bone (Vickers microindentation). Cross-sectional assessments were performed in blinded fashion on iliac bone biopsies from osteoporotic women (72 from FREEDOM trial, 49 from FREEDOM Extension trial), separately in cortical and cancellous compartments. After 2-3 years of DMAb, mineral/matrix ratio and microhardness of cortical bone were significantly higher compared with placebo, whereas mineral maturity, mineral crystallinity, mineral carbonation, and collagen maturity were not different in both bone compartments. Through 5 years of DMAb, mineral carbonation was significantly lower and mineral/matrix ratio, mineral maturity, and crystallinity were significantly higher versus 2-3 years and were not different between 5 and 10 years, with the exception of mineral maturity in cancellous bone. These data support a transition of mineral to more mature crystals (within physiological range) and the completeness of secondary mineralization within 5 years of DMAb treatment. Microhardness in cortical and cancellous compartments was significantly lower at 5 years of DMAb versus 2-3 years and was not different from years 5 to 10. The lower microhardness at years 5 and 10 is likely the result of maturation of the organic matrix in a persistently low state of bone remodeling over 5 and 10 years. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Targeting cytotoxicity and tubulin polymerization by metal–carbene complexes on a purine tautomer platform (2014)

This communication describes the synthesis, structural investigation and tubulin binding of purine rare imino-tautomer based Ag(i) and Hg(ii)-carbene complexes. These complexes exhibit cytotoxicity through tubulin interaction by binding to a site close to the GTP binding site.
P406 General health status in patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis receiving ustekinumab: results from the Phase 3 UNIFI induction and maintenance studies (2019)

The UNIFI studies evaluated the safety and efficacy of ustekinumab (UST) intravenous (IV) induction and subcutaneous (SC) maintenance in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC). We evaluated patient-reported outcomes related to general health status in these studies. In the induction study, eligible patients were randomised to a single IV dose of placebo (PBO, n = 319), UST 130 mg (n = 320), or UST ~6 mg/kg (n = 322). Patients who were in clinical response 8 weeks after receiving UST induction were eligible for the maintenance study and were randomised to SC PBO (n = 175), UST 90 mg q12w (n = 172), or UST 90 mg q8w (n = 176). General health status was assessed using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the visual analogue scale of EuroQoL-5D Health Questionnaire (EQ VAS). SF-36 measured 8 functional areas that were summarised into physical and mental component summary scores (PCS and MCS). EQ VAS ranges from 0 to 100. Higher SF-36 and EQ VAS scores indicate better health status. At baseline of the induction study, mean SF-36 PCS and MCS scores were below the USA general population norm of 50 and indicative of patients with significantly impaired general health status (Table 1). Table 1. Patient-reported outcomes related to general health status at Week 8 in patients who received IV induction treatment with ustekinumab or placebo. Eight weeks after IV induction, patients receiving UST reported significantly greater improvements in mean SF-36 PCS and MCS and EQ VAS scores compared with PBO (p < 0.001). Statistically significant differences between UST and PBO were observed for each of the individual subscales of the SF-36 (p ≤ 0.002). Through Week 44 of the maintenance study, mean SF-36 PCS scores worsened in the PBO group, were maintained in the UST q12w group, and improved in the UST q8w group (Table 2). Abstract P406 – Table 2. Patient-reported outcomes related to general health status at Week 44 in patients who responded to ustekinumab induction and received SC maintenance treatment with ustekinumab or placebo. Mean SF-36 MCS also worsened in the PBO group and were maintained in the UST q12w and q8w groups (p ≤ 0.009). The proportions of patients with clinically meaningful improvements in SF-36 PCS and MCS (≥5 points) and EQ VAS ( >10 points) from induction baseline to maintenance Week 44 were significantly greater in the UST groups compared with PBO (p ≤ 0.001). Patients reported significantly greater improvements in general health status after UST IV induction compared with PBO. In patients who responded to UST IV induction, improvements were sustained or increased with 44 weeks of SC UST maintenance therapy.
The role of dopamine in reward and pleasure behaviour – review of data from preclinical research (2005)

Viewing the dysfunctions of the reward pathways within a broader spectrum and exploring its complex relations with the dopaminergic transmission may help understand the pathophysiology of these neuropsychiatric disorders and lead to a rational development of novel treatments.
Evaluation in Swine of a Recombinant Georgia 2010 African Swine Fever Virus Lacking the I8L Gene (2020)

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causative agent of African swine fever, a disease currently causing significant economic losses in Europe and Asia. Specifically, the highly virulent ASFV strain Georgia 2010 (ASFV-G) is producing disease outbreaks in this large geographical region. The ASFV genome encodes for over 150 genes, most of which are still not experimentally characterized. I8L is a highly conserved gene that has not been studied beyond its initial description as a virus ORF. Transcriptional analysis of swine macrophages infected with ASFV-G demonstrated that the I8L gene is transcribed early during the virus replication cycle. To assess the importance of I8L during ASFV-G replication in vitro and in vivo, as well as its role in virus virulence in domestic swine, we developed a recombinant virus lacking the I8L gene (ASFV-G-ΔI8L). Replication of ASFV-G-ΔI8L was similar to parental ASFV-G replication in primary swine macrophage cultures, suggesting that the I8L gene is not essential for ASFV-G replication in vitro. Similarly, replication of ASFV-G-ΔI8L in swine intramuscularly inoculated with 10<sup>2</sup> HAD<sub>50</sub> displayed replication kinetics similar to ASFV-G. In addition, animals inoculated with ASFV-G-ΔI8L presented with a clinical disease indistinguishable from that induced by the same dose of the virulent parental ASFV-G isolate. We conclude that deletion of the I8L gene from ASFV-G does not affect virus replication in vitro or in vivo, nor changes the disease outcome in swine.
Understanding TCP over TCP: effects of TCP tunneling on end-to-end throughput and latency (2005)

TCP tunnel is a technology that aggregates and transfers packets sent between end hosts as a single TCP connection. By using a TCP tunnel, the fairness among aggregated flows can be improved and several protocols can be transparently transmitted through a firewall. Currently, many applications such as SSH, VTun, and HTun use a TCP tunnel. However, since most applications running on end hosts generally use TCP, two TCP congestion controls (i.e., end-to-end TCP and tunnel TCP) operate simultaneously and interfere each other. Under certain conditions, it has been known that using a TCP tunnel severely degrades the end-to-end TCP performance. Namely, it has known that using a TCP tunnel drastically degrades the end-to-end TCP throughput for some time, which is called <i>TCP meltdown</i> problem. On the contrary, under other conditions, it has been known that using a TCP tunnel significantly improves the end-to-end TCP performance. However, it is still an open issue --- how, when, and why is a TCP tunnel malicious for end-to-end TCP performance? In this paper, we therefore investigate effect of TCP tunnel on end-to-end TCP performance using simulation experiments. Specifically, we quantitatively reveal effects of several factors (e.g., the propagation delay, usage of SACK option, TCP socket buffer size, and sender buffer size of TCP tunnel) on performance of end-to-end TCP and tunnel TCP.
New prediction categories in CASP15 (2023)

Prediction categories in the Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction (CASP) experiments change with the need to address specific problems in structure modeling. In CASP15, four new prediction categories were introduced: RNA structure, ligand-protein complexes, accuracy of oligomeric structures and their interfaces, and ensembles of alternative conformations. This paper lists technical specifications for these categories and describes their integration in the CASP data management system.
Study of Heating Effects During Thomson Scattering in Laser Induced Plasma in Air (2011)

Abstract The laser induced plasma in air produced by 6 ns, 532 nm Nd:YAG pulses with 25 mJ energy was studied using the Thomson scattering method and plasma imaging techniques. Thomson scattering spectra were registered at delay times ranging from 150 ns to 1 µs after the breakdown pulses. The electron density and temperature, as determined in the core of the plasma plume, were found to decrease from 7.4×10 17 cm –3 to 1.0×10 17 cm –3 and from 101 000 K to 22 700 K, respectively. These electron temperatures were found to result partially from plasma heating. This effect has been observed between the beginning and the end of the probe (Thomson) pulse (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Octahedral Absorption Spectra of the Dipositive 3d Metal Ions in Molten Aluminum Chloride (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOctahedral Absorption Spectra of the Dipositive 3d Metal Ions in Molten Aluminum ChlorideHarald A. Oye and Dieter M. GruenCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1964, 3, 6, 836–841Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50016a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50016a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Implementing a retinal visual language in CNN: a neuromorphic study (2002)

The retina sends to the brain a parallel set of about a dozen different space-time representations of the visual world. Each of these representations is generated by a distinct set of "feature detecting" transformations. These features most likely contain all the information we need and use to analyze and interpret the visual world. They constitute a fundamental visual language that is elaborated upon at higher centers in the brain. A multi-layer CNN is presented for mimicking this new retinal model. The model is composed of several prototype 3-layer CNN units, called Complex R-units. Surfaces of activity are represented by CNN layers. Various parameter sets represent the different parts of the multi-layer retinal model. The whole model can be described by a visual language with elementary instructions of a CNN Universal Machine containing the programmable Complex R-units. Decomposition methods in time and space are discussed.
All-optical microwave receiver (2009)

In this paper we describe the design of a microwave receiver in which photonic components replace analog microwave circuitry. The receiver is targeted to provide a spurious free dynamic range of ~140 dBHz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2/3</sup> and a signal to noise ratio of 7 dB in the 0 to 20 GHz range with a 4 GHz bandwidth.
Epilepsy in a Dish: An in Vitro Model of Epileptogenesis (2011)

Animal models of epilepsy have helped to promote investigations of underlying mechanisms of epileptogenesis and to fathe development and screening of novel treatments.A large number and variety of animal models have been created, involving pharmacologic (e.g., pilocarpine, kainate), electrical (e.g., kindling), genetic (e.g., knock-out mice), and other injurious (e.g., trauma, hypoxia, stroke) methods or stimuli, to match the equally numerous types and causes of epilepsy in people.Of course, in vivo models of epilepsy, in which animals exhibit actual behavioral and electroencephalographic seizures, most closely mimic the clinical features of human epilepsy.However, reduced biological systems, including brain slices, cell culture, and molecular assays, may also be advantageous in offering unique mechanistic insights into epilepsy.As there is obviously no perfect animal model of epilepsy, ultimately each model system must be carefully evaluated for its specific advantages and limitations in studying different aspects of epilepsy.Given the complexity of epilepsy, there is increasing interest in developing simplified in vitro models of epilepsy that
CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN ac-20, A MUTANT STRAIN OF CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDI (1970)

A mutant strain of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardi, ac-20, is described in which both the rate of CO(2) fixation by whole cells and the rate of carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-diphosphate in cell-free extracts are reduced, particularly when sodium acetate is present in the growth medium. Of the enzymes of the reductive pentose phosphate cycle tested, only ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase activity is reduced in the mutant strain, and it appears that the low carboxylase activity limits the strain's rate of photosynthetic carbon metabolism. Evidence is presented to show that the fluctuation in the level of the enzyme activity in the presence or absence of acetate results from the fluctuation in the level of some factor(s) limiting the rate of synthesis of the protein.
A Campanha COVID-19 na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Polivalente do Hospital CUF Infante Santo (2020)

A atual pandemia de COVID-19 (doença clínica causada pelo SARS-CoV-2) teve disseminação mundial incluindo, desde 2 de março, Portugal. Por decisão de Conselho Executivo da José de Mello Saúde, interpretando o dever e a necessidade de cooperação com o Sistema Nacional de Saúde (SNS), foi decidido receber os seus beneficiários que procurassem os hospitais da rede, centrando toda a atividade COVID-19 da região Sul no Hospital CUF Infante Santo (HCIS). Apresentamos nesta narrativa todo o trabalho de preparação da infraestrutura, organização logística e resultados assistenciais da Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Polivalente (UCIP) do HCIS desde o início a 23 de março até 30 de abril de 2020, numa homenagem a todos os que sem hesitações aderiram a esta aventura com o mesmo entusiasmo e espírito de serviço que sempre lhes conhecemos.