gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Near-duplicate video retrieval (2013)

The exponential growth of online videos, along with increasing user involvement in video-related activities, has been observed as a constant phenomenon during the last decade. User's time spent on video capturing, editing, uploading, searching, and viewing has boosted to an unprecedented level. The massive publishing and sharing of videos has given rise to the existence of an already large amount of near-duplicate content. This imposes urgent demands on near-duplicate video retrieval as a key role in novel tasks such as video search, video copyright protection, video recommendation, and many more. Driven by its significance, near-duplicate video retrieval has recently attracted a lot of attention. As discovered in recent works, latest improvements and progress in near-duplicate video retrieval, as well as related topics including low-level feature extraction, signature generation, and high-dimensional indexing, are employed to assist the process. As we survey the works in near-duplicate video retrieval, we comparatively investigate existing variants of the definition of near-duplicate video, describe a generic framework, summarize state-of-the-art practices, and explore the emerging trends in this research topic.
ARM: Ka-Band Scanning ARM Cloud Radar (KASACR); Mentor Vertically-Pointing Scan, auxiliary data (2018)

Ka-Band Scanning ARM Cloud Radar (KASACR); Mentor Vertically-Pointing Scan, auxiliary data
A Fruitful Fungus (2000)

Neurospora Contributions of a Model Organism. Rowland H. Davis. Oxford University Press, New York, 2000. 345 pp. $110. ISBN 0-19-512236-4. Davis provides a definitive and accessible summary of the 75 years of research on this filamentous fungus, the study of which has made major contributions to a diverse range of biological problems.
Ganglioside Metabolism in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease: Expression of Chol-1α Antigens in the Brain (2010)

The accumulation of Aβ (amyloid β-protein) is one of the major pathological hallmarks in AD (Alzheimer's disease). Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids enriched in the nervous system and frequently used as biomarkers associated with the biochemical pathology of neurological disorders, have been suggested to be involved in the initial aggregation of Aβ. In the present study, we have examined ganglioside metabolism in the brain of a double-Tg (transgenic) mouse model of AD that co-expresses mouse/human chimaeric APP (amyloid precursor protein) with the Swedish mutation and human presenilin-1 with a deletion of exon 9. Although accumulation of Aβ was confirmed in the double-Tg mouse brains and sera, no statistically significant change was detected in the concentration and composition of major ganglio-N-tetraosyl-series gangliosides in the double-Tg brain. Most interestingly, Chol-1α antigens (cholinergic neuron-specific gangliosides), such as GT1aα and GQ1bα, which are minor species in the brain, were found to be increased in the double-Tg mouse brain. We interpret that the occurrence of these gangliosides may represent evidence for generation of cholinergic neurons in the AD brain, as a result of compensatory neurogenesis activated by the presence of Aβ.
Fluorine Speciation Analysis Using Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatography Coupled Off-Line to Continuum Source Molecular Absorption Spectrometry (CS-MAS): Identification and Quantification of Novel Fluorinated Organic Compounds in Environmental and Biological Samples (2012)

Driven by increasing demand for the monitoring of industrial perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), the identification of novel fluorine containing compounds (FOCs) and the tracking of organofluorine drugs and their degradation products, there is a clear need for sensitive, fluorine-specific detection of unknown FOCs. Here we report the first ever direct fluorine-specific (speciation) method; capable of individually detecting untargeted FOCs in environmental and biological samples through the application of continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry (CS-MAS) using a commercial CS-AAS. Two model FOCs (2,4,6, trifluorobenzoic acid (TFBA) and 5-fluoroindol-5-carboxylic acid (FICA)) were used, achieving fluorine-specific detection across a range of 0.1 to 300 ng/mL fluorine, corresponding to a limit of detection of 4 pg F and 5.26 nM for both compounds. Both TFBA and FICA showed a similar response to CS-MAS detection, potentially enabling the quantification of fluorine content in novel FOCs without having molecular standards available. This paper also reports the use of reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) coupled off-line with CS-MAS for the identification of single organofluorines in a mixture of FOCs via fraction collection. The linear range of both FOCs was determined to be from 1 to 500 ng/mL. The limits of detection of those species were just above 1 ng/mL (100 pg) and can therefore compete with targeted analytical methods such as ESI-MS. Finally, as a proof of principle the analysis of a fluoride-containing groundwater sample from Ghana demonstrated that this method can be used in the detection of novel FOCs, with identification achieved through parallel ESI-MS. Coupled HPLC-CS-MAS/ESI-MS is the first analytical methodology capable of selectively detecting and identifying novel FOCs, making possible the quantification of all fluorine containing compounds in one sample. This is the necessary analytical requirement to perform fluoronomics.
Solid and Solution Phase Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Combinatorial Sarcodictyin Libraries (1998)

Isolated from certain species of soft corals, the sarcodictyins, eleutherobin, and eleuthosides have become important synthetic targets due the their novel molecular architectures, important biological activities, and potential in medicine. Of particular interest is their Taxol-like mechanism of action involving disturbance of the tubulin−microtubule interplay resulting in tumor cell death. Their scarcity and biological profile prompted us to initiate a program directed at exploring their chemical synthesis and chemical biology. Herein we report (a) the first total synthesis of sarcodictyins A (7) and B (8) by a combination of solution and solid-phase methods through the attachment of the common precursors 18 or 20 on solid support, thus generating conjugates 23 and 24, followed by standard chemical manipulations; (b) the construction of a combinatorial library of sarcodictyins by solution and solid-phase chemistry modifying the C-8 ester, C-15 ester, and C-4 ketal functionalities, and, therefore, producing analogues of the general structures 33, 37, and 40; (c) the tubulin polymerization properties of all members of the library; and (d) the cytotoxic actions of a selected number of these compounds against a number of tumor cells including Taxol-resistant lines. Several of the synthesized analogues were identified to be of equal or superior biological activities (e.g. 60, 61, 63, 66−70, 73, 76, 85, 92) as compared to the natural products, setting the stage for further developments in the field of cancer chemotherapy.
Polysubstitution nucléophile aromatique par réactions (SRN1) séquentielles (1995)

Aromatic nucleophilic polysubstitution by sequential S RN 1 reactions. Substitution of aromatics (benzene, naphthalene and pyridine) by two or three distinct nucleophiles derived from phosphonates and/or thiolates can be performed by sequential photostimulated S RN 1 reactions whose radical chain mechanism is compatible with the successively introduced substituents.
In vivo ultrasound electrode displacement strain imaging (2009)

The incidence of primary and secondary liver tumors has increased significantly over the last two decades. Due to poor liver function and/or distribution of lesions, surgery is often not an option for affected patients. An alternative to surgical resection, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation is often used to thermally destroy the tumor in situ. Radiofrequency ablation is evolving into one of the more popular minimally-invasive treatments for hepatic tumors. Monitoring the treated region is an important factor in the success of radiofrequency ablation, and ultrasound elastography could become a convenient, cost-effective means to delineate the thermal lesion boundaries for clinical personnel during the procedure. This study assesses ?electrode displacement? strain imaging for monitoring abdominal radiofrequency ablation procedures. We present results utilizing a novel approach of displacing the ablation electrode itself to introduce the mechanical stimuli required for strain imaging. Utilizing a Siemens Antares clinical ultrasound scanner equipped with a research interface, ultrasound radiofrequency data were acquired immediately following radiofrequency ablation of porcine liver. The porcine liver was excised following the procedure, and the dimensions of the thermal lesion in the imaging plane measured by slicing though the lesion. Strain images of the lesions were produced offline using axial guidance based block-matching and multi-level motion tracking algorithms. The area of the lesion on the strain image was compared to the area of the lesion in pathology images obtained from eight separate lesions. The estimated linear correlation coefficient between the pathology image and the strain image was r = 0.961 (p < .001) for manual segmentation using 4 observers. The area of the lesion in the strain image slightly underestimates the area of the lesion in the pathology image for all slices, agreeing with earlier ex-vivo experiments.
The kisspeptin-GnRH pathway in human reproductive health and disease (2014)

Kisspeptin is a recently discovered neuromodulator that controls GnRH secretion mediating endocrine and metabolic inputs to the regulation of human reproduction. Manipulation of kisspeptin signalling has the potential for novel therapies in patients with pathologically low or high LH pulsatility.
Cross-reactivity of pollen and food allergens: soybean Gly m 4 is a member of the Bet v 1 superfamily and closely resembles yellow lupine proteins (2011)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Cultured astrocyte proliferation induced by extracellular guanosine involves endogenous adenosine and is raised by the co-presence of microglia (2000)

Extracellular adenosine (Ado) and ATP stimulate astrocyte proliferation through activation of P(1) and P(2) purinoceptors. Extracellular GTP and guanosine (Guo), however, that do not bind strongly to these receptors, are more effective mitogens than ATP and Ado. Exogenous Guo, like GTP and 5'-guanosine-betagamma-imidotriphosphate (GMP-PNP), dose-dependently stimulated proliferation of rat cultured astrocytes; potency order GMP-PNP > GTP > or = Guo. The mitogenic effect of Guo was independent of the extracellular breakdown of GTP to Guo, because GMP-PNP, a GTP analogue resistant to hydrolysis, was the most mitogenic. In addition to a direct effect on astrocytes, Guo exerts its proliferative activity involving Ado. Exogenous Guo, indeed, enhanced the extracellular levels of endogenous Ado assayed by HPLC in the medium of cultured astrocytes. Culture pretreatment with Ado deaminase (ADA), that converts Ado into inosine, reduced but did not abolish Guo-induced astrocyte proliferation whereas erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (EHNA), that inhibits ADA activity, amplified Guo effect. Moreover, the mitogenic activity of Guo was partly inhibited by 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine and alloxazine, antagonists of Ado A(1) and A(2B) receptors, respectively. Also microglia seem to be a target for the action of Guo. Indeed, the mitogenic effect of Guo on astrocytes was: i) increased proportionally to the number of microglial cells present in the astrocyte cultures; ii) amplified when purified cultures of astrocytes were supplemented with conditioned medium deriving from Guo-pretreated microglial cultures. These data indicate that the mitogenic effects exerted by exogenous Guo on rat astrocytes are mediated via complex mechanisms involving extracellular Ado and microglia-derived soluble factors.
Intrinsic oscillations in the polarization of light transmitted by a sodium-filled Fabry–Perot resonator (1988)

We report on the static and dynamic behavior of the intensity and polarization of the light transmitted by a Fabry–Perot cavity filled with sodium vapor without a buffer gas. The light beam is resonant with the D1 transition, and the behavior can be traced back to the simultaneous presence of Zeeman pumping and hyperfine pumping in the sodium ground state, combined with velocity-selective hole-burning effects. Together with optical bistability, tristability, and pitchfork bifurcation, the system displays intrinsic oscillations in the absence of a magnetic field. We discuss the features of these phenomena, particularly the appearance of Hopf bifurcations, and the ways they are affected by the experimental control parameters. We also report evidence of period doubling and of more-complex dynamics in the presence of a magnetic field.
Lewis Acid Mediated Reaction of Trimethylstyrylsilanes with Thioacetal Derivatives (1983)

Abstract Treatment of trimethylstyrylsilanes with 1-ethoxy-1-(phenylthio)ethane or 2-ethoxy-1,3-dithiolane in the presence of Lewis acid gives the corresponding (E)-allyl sulfide or (E)-2-styryl-1,3-dithiolane, respectively. In both cases, a carbon-oxygen bond of thioacetal derivatives is cleaved selectively.
Complication to consider: delayed traumatic hemothorax in older adults (2021)

Preliminary data suggest older adults with rib fractures may be at risk of experiencing delayed progression of trace hemothoraces or a delayed presentation of hemothoraces. Asymptomatic progression or readmission to other services/hospitals likely occurs and true dHTX rates are likely higher. Our preliminary findings suggest a possible anatomic explanation for severe chest wall injury patterns' association with dHTX. Further characterization and capturing the true incidence of dHTX first requires wider recognition of this complication.
Expanding the Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4-Regulated Peptidome via an Optimized Peptidomics Platform (2010)

In recent years, the biological sciences have seen a surge in the development of methods, including high-throughput global methods, for the quantitative measurement of biomolecule levels (i.e., RNA, proteins, metabolites) from cells and tissues. Just as important as quantitation of biomolecules has been the creation of approaches that uncover the regulatory and signaling connections between biomolecules. Our specific interest is in understanding peptide metabolism in a physiological setting, and this has led us to develop a multidisciplinary approach that integrates genetics, analytical chemistry, synthetic chemistry, biochemistry, and chemical biology to identify the substrates of peptidases in vivo. To accomplish this we utilize a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based peptidomics platform to measure changes in the peptidome as a function of peptidase activity. Previous analysis of mice lacking the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4(-/-) mice), a biomedically relevant peptidase, using this approach identified a handful of novel endogenous DPP4 substrates. Here, we utilize these substrates and tissues from DPP4(-/-) mice to improve the coverage of the peptidomics platform by optimizing the key steps in the workflow, and in doing so, discover over 70 renal DPP4 substrates (up from 7 at the beginning of our optimization), a 10-fold improvement in our coverage. The sequences of these DPP4 peptide substrates support a broad role for DPP4 in proline-containing peptide catabolism and strengthen a biochemical model that interlinks aminopeptidase and DPP4 activities. Moreover, the improved peptidome coverage also led to the detection of greater numbers of known bioactive peptides (e.g., peptide hormones) during the analysis of gut samples, suggesting additional uses for this optimized workflow. Together these results strengthen our ability to identify endogenous peptide substrates through improved peptidome coverage and demonstrate a broader potential of this peptidomics platform.
Growth and Isolation of Large Area Boron‐Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Sheets: A Route toward Diamond‐on‐Graphene Heterojunction (2018)

Abstract Many material device applications would benefit from thin diamond coatings, but current growth techniques, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition require high substrate and gas‐phase temperatures that would destroy the device being coated. The development of freestanding, thin boron‐doped diamond nanosheets grown on tantalum foil substrates via microwave plasma‐assisted CVD is reported. These diamond sheets (measuring up to 4 × 5 mm in planar area, and 300–600 nm in thickness) are removed from the substrate using mechanical exfoliation and then transferred to other substrates, including Si/SiO 2 and graphene. The electronic properties of the resulting diamond nanosheets and their dependence on the free‐standing growth, the mechanical exfoliation and transfer processes, and ultimately on their composition are characterized. To validate this, a prototypical diamond nanosheet–graphene field effect transistor‐like (DNGfet) device is developed and its electronic transport properties are studied as a function of temperature. The resulting DNGfet device exhibits thermally activated transport (thermionic conductance) above 50 K. Below 50 K a transition to variable range hopping is observed. These findings demonstrate the first step towards a low‐temperature diamond‐based transistor.
Mining the Detector Responses of a Conducting Polymer Composite-Based Electronic Nose (2001)

Arrays of polymer films embedded with conductive or resistive material have attracted significant attention as “electronic noses”. Sorption of a vapor into the polymer films causes physical swelling, which leads to a change in the DC electrical resistance of the film. Like the receptors of the mammalian olfactory system, each polymer-based detector responds to more than one analyte and each analyte elicits a response from more than one detector. The DC resistance across the array of detectors is sampled versus time producing a multivariate time-series. Except when rapid response is critical, this multivariate time-series can be converted into a vector representation by focusing on the steady-state behavior and calculating the relative change in resistance in each channel relative to an initial baseline. In this paper, we provide an overview of our efforts to mine useful information from electronic nose data. Four case studies are presented: rapid detection of DNT (dinitrotoluene) vapors at very low concentrations (< 1 part-per-billion), pairwise discrimination between chemically similar analytes (e.g., H2O and D2O; heptane and hexane), prediction of human percepts of odor quality from electronic nose detector responses, and classification of vapors into the appropriate chemical family (e.g., saying methanol is an alcohol without having previously smelled methanol).
Frequency of Myocardial Bridges and Dynamic Compression of Epicardial Coronary Arteries (2009)

The frequency of myocardial bridging observed by CT angiography was 58%, and conventional angiography revealed dynamic compression in 13.3% of total patients. Dynamic compression occurred almost exclusively (97.5% of the time) in patients with full encasement of the left anterior descending coronary artery, regardless of the presence of overlying muscle.
Sunsets and Glories (1400)

Sunsets and Glories is set in late thirteenth-century Italy, where power struggles between Church and State inspire such characters as the spineless Charles II, paid killer Montefelto and 'madwoman' Maifreda. Into this maelstrom steps Peter de Morrone, the saintly Pope Celestine V,
Full Field Digital Mammography (FFDM) versus CMOS Technology, Specimen Radiography System (SRS) and Tomosynthesis (DBT) - Which System Can Optimise Surgical Therapy? (2013)

<b>Aim:</b> This prospective clinical study aimed to evaluate whether it would be possible to reduce the rate of re-excisions using CMOS technology, a specimen radiography system (SRS) or digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) compared to a conventional full field digital mammography (FFDM) system. <b>Material and Method:</b> Between 12/2012 and 2/2013 50 patients were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (BI-RADS™ 5). After histological verification, all patients underwent breast-conserving therapy with intraoperative imaging using 4 different systems and differing magnifications: 1. Inspiration™ (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany), amorphous selenium, tungsten source, focus 0.1 mm, resolution 85 µm pixel pitch, 8 lp/mm; 2. BioVision™ (Bioptics, Tucson, AZ, USA), CMOS technology, photodiode array, flat panel, tungsten source, focus 0.05, resolution 50 µm pixel pitch, 12 lp/mm; 3. the Trident™ specimen radiography system (SRS) (Hologic, Bedford, MA, USA), amorphous selenium, tungsten source, focus 0.05, resolution 70 µm pixel pitch, 7.1 lp/mm; 4. tomosynthesis (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany), amorphous selenium, tungsten source, focus 0.1 mm, resolution 85 µm pixel pitch, 8 lp/mm, angular range 50 degrees, 25 projections, scan time > 20 s, geometry: uniform scanning, reconstruction: filtered back projection. The 600 radiographs were prospectively shown to 3 radiologists. <b>Results:</b> Of the 50 patients with histologically proven breast cancer (BI-RADS™ 6), 39 patients required no further surgical therapy (re-excision) after breast-conserving surgery. A retrospective analysis (n = 11) showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase of sensitivity with the BioVision™, the Trident™ and tomosynthesis compared to the Inspiration™ at a magnification of 1.0 : 2.0 or 1.0 : 1.0 (tomosynthesis) (2.6, 3.3 or 3.6 %), i.e. re-excision would not have been necessary in 2, 3 or 4 patients, respectively, compared to findings obtained with a standard magnification of 1.0 : 1.0. <b>Conclusion:</b> The sensitivity of the BioVision™, the Trident™ and tomosynthesis was significantly (p < 0.05) higher and the rate of re-excisions was reduced compared to FFDM using a conventional detector at a magnification of 2.0 but without zooming.
Supplementary Fig. S5 from Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase signaling promotes growth and vascularization of fibrosarcoma (2023)

Supplementary Fig. S5 from Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase signaling promotes growth and vascularization of fibrosarcoma