gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mammographic density and breast cancer risk: current understanding and future prospects (2011)

Variations in percent mammographic density (PMD) reflect variations in the amounts of collagen and number of epithelial and non-epithelial cells in the breast. Extensive PMD is associated with a markedly increased risk of invasive breast cancer. The PMD phenotype is important in the context of breast cancer prevention because extensive PMD is common in the population, is strongly associated with risk of the disease, and, unlike most breast cancer risk factors, can be changed. Work now in progress makes it likely that measurement of PMD will be improved in the near future and that understanding of the genetics and biological basis of the association of PMD with breast cancer risk will also improve. Future prospects for the application of PMD include mammographic screening, risk prediction in individuals, breast cancer prevention research, and clinical decision making.
Anisotropic Deformation Behavior of the Oriented Nanostructure of a Semicrystalline Terblock Copolymer with Multi-Scale Orderings (2004)

A highly oriented nanostructure of poly(styrene)-b-(ethylene-alt-propylene)-b-(ethylene) (PS/PEP/PE) semicrystalline terblock copolymer was deformed under tensile loading. Roll casting process oriented the microdomains of the terpolymer. Hexagonally ordered PS cylinders subsequently guided the crystallization of the PE block occurring in between the PS cylinders, resulting in the molecular chain orientation of the PE blocks perpendicular to the PS cylinder axis. The structure change of the terblock copolymer under deformation was monitored using Simultaneous Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS). The samples with the load parallel and perpendicular to the cylindrical axis of the PS show their mechanical failures at the strain of approximate 100 % and 210%, respectively. The anisotropic mechanical behavior was interpreted by interplay of the different types of the nano scale domains
Bending of Elastic Plastic Crystal Plates (1972)

Abstract A theory of perfect plasticity based on the law of critical resolved shear stresses is used to calculate elastic‐plastic bending of crystal plates. Stress distribution (under loading and residual stresses) as well as curves of transient stress for loading process and unloading one are given. They radically differ from stress distribution and stress curves for isotropic body and considerably depend on the orientation of the plate and the bending moment.
Characterization of a DNA-Binding Protein Implicated in Transcription in Wheat Mitochondria (1999)

To investigate the transcriptional apparatus in wheat mitochondria, mitochondrial extracts were subjected to column chromatography and protein fractions were analyzed by in vitro transcription and mobility shift assays. Fractions eluting from DEAE-Sephacel between 0.2 and 0.3 M KCl displayed DNA-binding activity and supported specific transcription initiated from a wheat cox2 promoter. The active DEAE-Sephacel pool was further resolved by chromatography on phosphocellulose. Fractions that exhibited DNA-binding activity and that stimulated both specific and nonspecific transcription in vitro were highly enriched in a 63-kDa protein (p63). From peptide sequence obtained from purified p63, a cDNA encoding the protein was assembled. The predicted amino acid sequence (612 amino acid residues, 69 kDa) contains a basic N-terminal targeting sequence expected to direct transport of the protein into mitochondria. The p63 sequence also features an acidic domain characteristic of transcriptional activation factors, as well as sequence blocks displaying limited similarity to positionally equivalent regions in sigma factors from eubacteria related to mitochondria. Recombinant p63 possesses DNA-binding activity, exhibiting an affinity for the core cox2 promoter element and upstream regions in gel shift assays and having the ability to enhance specific transcription in vitro. Transcripts encoding p63 are expressed at an early stage in the germination of isolated wheat embryos, in a temporal pattern parallelling that of newly synthesized precursors of cox2, a mitochondrial gene. Taken together, these data suggest a role for p63 in transcription in wheat mitochondria.
DPC4 Expression in the Small Intestinal Adenocarcinomas (2012)

The present research is the first study to evaluate Smad4/DPC4 expression in a large sample of SACs with clinicopathologic correlation. Future studies should focus on the immunohistochemical and molecular characteristics of SACs to clarify their tumorigenesis.
Stereospecific polymerization of benzyl α‐(alkoxymethyl) acrylates (1997)

α-(Alkoxymethyl) acrylates, such as methyl α-(phenoxymethyl) acrylate, benzyl α-(methoxymethyl)acrylate (BMMA), benzyl α-(benzyloxymethyl)acrylate, and benzyl α-(tert-butoxymethyl)acrylate, were synthesized, and their polymerizability and the stereoregularity of the polymers obtained by radical and anionic methods were investigated. The radically obtained polymers were found to be atactic by 13C- and 1H-NMR analyses, but the polymers obtained with lithium reagents in toluene at −78°C were highly isotactic. Further, it is noteworthy that isotactic polymers were also produced with lithium reagents even in tetrahydrofuran. Effects of polymerization temperature and counter cation on stereoregularity were clearly observed in the polymerization of BMMA, and a potassium reagent afforded an almost atactic polymer. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35:721–726, 1997
Retinal development in very-low-birth-weight infants fed diets differing in omega-3 fatty acids. (1992)

Full-field electroretinograms (ERGs) were obtained from very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates to determine whether omega-3 (omega-3) fatty acids are essential for normal human retinal development. Eighty-one infants born at 30.4 (standard deviation, +/- 1.5) wk gestation were, within 10 d of birth, either enrolled to receive mother's milk (naturally containing both omega-6 and omega-3 essential fatty acids) or randomized to receive one of the infant formulas. Corn oil-based Formula A contained mainly linoleic acid (18:2 omega-6) and was low in all omega-3 fatty acids. Soy oil-based Formula B contained ample alpha-linolenic acid (18:3 omega-3) but no long-chain omega-3. Formula C, supplemented with both alpha-linolenic acid and marine oils, was comparable to human milk in long-chain omega-3. Full-field ERGs were obtained in the special care nursery from infants aged 36 and 57 wk postconception. Ten healthy preterm infants born at 35 wk gestation were tested at 36 wk postconception. Significant differences were found among groups in rod ERG function. Post hoc comparisons showed that infants fed Formula A had significantly higher rod thresholds than infants receiving long-chain omega-3 (human milk, Formula C, and intrauterine). Infants receiving Formula B had intermediate thresholds that were significantly higher than those of infants receiving intrauterine nutrition. Analysis of the leading edge of the a-wave showed that b-wave differences originated at the photoreceptor level. Differences were not present in infants at 57 wk postconception. No significant differences among groups were found in cone b-waves at 36 or 57 wk postconception. Oscillatory potentials had significantly longer implicit times at 57 wk postconception in infants fed Formula A than in infants receiving human milk. These findings suggest that retinal function varies with the dietary supply of omega-3 fatty acids in VLBW infants.
Anti-HERV-K (HML-2) capsid antibody responses in HIV elite controllers (2017)

HIV elite controllers had a strong cellular and antibody response against HERV-K (HML-2) Gag directed mainly against the Capsid region. Collectively, these data suggest that anti-HERV-K (HML-2) antibodies targeting capsid could have an immunoprotective effect in HIV infection.
The development and characterisation of carbon nanotubes grown on conductive substrate for field emission application (2013)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ramani Venugopalan, Jyoti Prakash, Shreya Ghatak, K. C. Mittal, D. Sathiyamoorthy; The development and characterisation of carbon nanotubes grown on conductive substrate for field emission application. AIP Conf. Proc. 12 June 2013; 1538 (1): 177–180. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4810052 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
An optimal algorithm for spiral floorplan designs (2002)

An improved algorithm for solving the area optimization problem of spiral floorplans is presented. Each of the five basic rectangles of a spiral floorplan have O(n) implementations. The algorithm takes O(n/sup 2/logn) time, and requires O(n/sup 2/) space to solve the area optimization problem. The best previously known algorithm solved the problem in O(n/sup 3/logn) time and O(n/sup 3/) space.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Optomechanical entanglement between a movable mirror and a cavity field (2007)

In this paper we propose an experimental scheme to create and probe optomechanical entanglement between a light field and a mechanical oscillator. This is achieved using a bright laser field that resonates inside a cavity and couples to the position and momentum of a moving (micro)mirror.
Cost-Efficient Orchestration of Containers in Clouds: A Vision, Architectural Elements, and Future Directions (2018)

This paper proposes an architectural framework for the efficient orchestration of containers in cloud environments. It centres around resource scheduling and rescheduling policies as well as autoscaling algorithms that enable the creation of elastic virtual clusters. In this way, the proposed framework enables the sharing of a computing environment between differing client applications packaged in containers, including web services, offline analytics jobs, and backend pre-processing tasks. The devised resource management algorithms and policies will improve utilization of the available virtual resources to reduce operational cost for the provider while satisfying the resource needs of various types of applications. The proposed algorithms will take factors that are previously omitted by other solutions into consideration, including 1) the pricing models of the acquired resources, 2) and the fault-tolerability of the applications, and 3) the QoS requirements of the running applications, such as the latencies and throughputs of the web services and the deadline of the analytical and pre-processing jobs. The proposed solutions will be evaluated by developing a prototype platform based on one of the existing container orchestration platforms.
Gd(DTPA-BBA) as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging in rats. (1999)

Gadolinium (III)-di(benzyl carbamoylmethyl) diethylenetrinitrilotriacetic acid [Gd(DTPA-BBA)] is a newly developed paramagnetic complex designed for use as a hepatobiliary-specific contrast agent. The purpose of this study was to examine the relaxivity, biodistribution, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of Gd(DTPA-BBA) in rats. Our results showed that the T1 relaxivity of Gd(DTPA-BBA) (3.89 dm3/mmol/s in aqueous solution) was similar to that of Gd(III) diethylenetriamine-pentaacetate [Gd(DTPA)]2- (4.08 dm3/mmol/s) and Gd(III) benzyloxypropionicte-traacetate [Gd(BOPTA)]2- (4.40 dm3/mmol/s). Biodistribution studies indicated that Gd(DTPA-BBA) exhibited hepatobiliary and urinary elimination. In MR imaging studies, Gd(DTPA-BBA) provided biphasic enhancement of normal liver parenchyma, which was characterized by an initial steep increase in enhancement followed by a plateau. The initial relative enhancement (RE%) of the liver, at 1 minute after administration of 0.2 mmol/kg Gd(DTPA-BBA) was 113 +/- 19. The plateau RE% of the liver (48 +/- 13) occurred within 10 minutes and persisted for at least 60 minutes after injection of the contrast agent. In addition, Gd(DTPA-BBA) provided better RE% of the liver than [Gd(DTPA)]2-. The contrast RE% of liver abscess capsules reached a plateau within 5 minutes after injection of 0.1 mmol/kg Gd(DTPA-BBA). Although the hepatic enhancement of Gd(DTPA-BBA) was inferior to that of [Gd(BOPTA)]2-, the results suggest that Gd(DTPA-BBA) has potential as an MR contrast agent for nonspecific and hepatobiliary uses.
High temperature oxide superconductors (1988)

The state of knowledge about high temperature oxide superconductors, with particular reference to their potential for high field magnet use is reviewed. After a brief discussion of the structural and physical properties, attention is drawn to the high field superconducting properties. The problem of the large gap between the magnetization current density (J/sub cm/) and the transport critical current density (J/sub ct/) is described and various ideas concerning the weak links responsible for this gap are explored. The authors conclude with a brief overview of the principal challenges facing the use of oxides for high field magnet use.
Model Kematian Jalan Raya di Malaysia:Unjuran Tahun 2000 (1998)

Traffic accidents are one of the main causes of deaths in Malaysia. To address this problem, a Cabinet Committee on Traffic Safety was established by the
Prime Minister and a target of reducing fatalities by 30% by the year 2000 was set up. This paper presents a more realistic approach on determining the above
set objective. A fatality model based on time series log-linear model was established to explain the relationship between traffic deaths and traffic
exposures, namely population, vehicles and road length. The effect of the change in recoding system was also included in this analysis.
Angiostatic Steroids (1987)

A new class of steroids has been found that inhibits angiogenesis in the presence of nonanticoagulant heparin. Tetrahydrocortisol is the most potent of the naturally occurring angiostatic steroids. It is a metabolite of cortisone that circulates in the blood, appears in the urine, and was previously believed to be biologically inactive. Both the plasma form and the urinary form are antiangiogenic. The mechanism of action of these steroids depends on their ability to specifically alter basement membrane turnover in growing capillary blood vessels. These steroids represent a prototype of angiogenesis inhibitors that may find potential therapeutic use as adjuncts to anticancer therapy, and in diseases dominated by abnormal neovascularization, i.e., angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
PLDI 2002 (2013)

Software development and maintenance are costly endeavors. The cost can be reduced if more software defects are detected earlier in the development cycle. This paper introduces the Extended Static Checker for Java (ESC/Java), an experimental compile-time program checker that finds common programming errors. The checker is powered by verification-condition generation and automatic theoremproving techniques. It provides programmers with a simple annotation language with which programmer design decisions can be expressed formally. ESC/Java examines the annotated software and warns of inconsistencies between the design decisions recorded in the annotations and the actual code, and also warns of potential runtime errors in the code. This paper gives an overview of the checker architecture and annotation language and describes our experience applying the checker to tens of thousands of lines of Java programs.
Using Tungsten Oxide Based Thin Films for Optical Memory and the Effects of Using IR Combined with Blue/Blue-Green Wavelengths (2000)

Utilizing a form of tungsten oxide as the physical medium for optical memory, we show that infrared irradiation provides heat to the lattice structure while blue or blue-green light provides electronic excitation to initiate a photochromic chemical change. We have constructed and tested a spin stand based demonstration system for this form of optical memory. Tungsten oxide offers potential advantages in storage density, storage capacity, write speed, signal to noise, processing flexibility, data robustness, and overall, cost.
Multi-Poisson Process Analysis of Real-Time Soft-Error Rate Measurements in Bulk 65nm SRAMs (2017)

International audience
Privacy in Deep Learning: A Survey (2020)

The ever-growing advances of deep learning in many areas including vision, recommendation systems, natural language processing, etc., have led to the adoption of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in production systems. The availability of large datasets and high computational power are the main contributors to these advances. The datasets are usually crowdsourced and may contain sensitive information. This poses serious privacy concerns as this data can be misused or leaked through various vulnerabilities. Even if the cloud provider and the communication link is trusted, there are still threats of inference attacks where an attacker could speculate properties of the data used for training, or find the underlying model architecture and parameters. In this survey, we review the privacy concerns brought by deep learning, and the mitigating techniques introduced to tackle these issues. We also show that there is a gap in the literature regarding test-time inference privacy, and propose possible future research directions.
Synthèse en mode continu de phyllosilicates synthétiques en milieu solvothermal sous- et supercritique (2018)

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans une volonté de développer un procédé de synthèse de phyllominéraux de type talc en continu et en utilisant la technologie supercritique (plus spécifiquement utilisant l’eau comme solvant) afin d’avoir des temps de synthèses compatibles avec le milieu industriel (très courts) : une dizaine de secondes seulement. Cette voie innovante offre la possibilité d'obtenir un talc synthétique présentant des propriétés uniques telles qu’une haute pureté minéralogique et chimique, une grande surface spécifique(plusieurs centaines de m²/g) et un caractère hydrophile (gel de talc synthétique stable) qui a ainsi conduit à la formulation du premier minéral de talc liquide (son homologue naturel étant hydrophobe). De plus, il a été mis en place un procédé de séchage de ce minéral liquide par CO2 supercritique permettant l’obtention d’un solide de très haute surface spécifique et facilement réhydratable. Ce procédé a permis également la fonctionnalisation du talc synthétique élargissant ainsi les domaines d’applications de ce nouveau minéral liquide. La voie supercritique semble être la voie privilégiée pour un développement à l’échelle industrielle de la fabrication de particules minérales synthétiques (phyllosilicatées, silicatées et autres) en milieu aqueux. Une étude sur l’impact environnemental de ce nouveau procédé a été réalisée afin d’identifier les pistes d’optimisation possibles pour que cette voie soit la plus durable possible.
A Selection of Macrocyclic Peptides That Bind STING From an mRNA‐Display Library With Split Degenerate Codons (2021)

Recent improvements in mRNA display have enabled the selection of peptides that incorporate non-natural amino acids, thus expanding the chemical diversity of macrocycles beyond what is accessible in nature. Such libraries have incorporated non-natural amino acids at the expense of natural amino acids by reassigning their codons. Here we report an alternative approach to expanded amino-acid diversity that preserves all 19 natural amino acids (no methionine) and adds 6 non-natural amino acids, resulting in the highest sequence complexity reported to date. We have applied mRNA display to this 25-letter library to select functional macrocycles that bind human STING, a protein involved in immunoregulation. The resulting STING-binding peptides include a 9-mer macrocycle with a dissociation constant (K<sub>D</sub> ) of 3.4 nM, which blocks binding of cGAMP to STING and induces STING dimerization. This approach is generalizable to expanding the amino-acid alphabet in a library beyond 25 building blocks.
Effective Utilization of Variable Speed Drive with Electrical Submersible Pump's Boost Oil Production in a Remote Desert Field: Case Study (2011)

Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive review of a successfully employed methodology used for utilizing variable speed drive (VSD) with electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) to boost the oil production in a remote desert field in Saudi Arabia. The successful employed methodology was done through a structured test program for VSD frequency jackup. The program was designed to overcome the back pressure in the trunk line connecting this field and others to a Central Processing Facility where the downstream pressure of the wells are fluctuating within 60 psi with a maximum back pressure of 865 psi. The ESP frequency on the producers in this field was jacked up to a frequency measured below the maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) of the trunk line. The maximum frequency was adjusted through recording the deadhead pressure (DHP) of the ESP at different frequencies and selecting a new running frequency, which is the frequency recorded at the closest pressure below the MAOP of the trunk line. This test was done to boost the production from each producer while maintaining integrity of the trunk line. The production gain indicates that increasing the ESP frequency via the VSD is a very valuable tool. This test was done on 15 producers equipped with intelligent field gadgets in which the data is transmitted to the production engineer's desktop. Every producer is equipped with an ESP unit with a sensor and VSD, in addition to a multiphase flow meter (MPFM) unit for rate measurements. The VSD, which is designed specifically for use with the ESP, has been available for several years. The utilization of the VSD as an effective tool to increase the production from the ESP is very well documented in the oil industry. The ability to vary the operating speed of the ESP through the VSD greatly expands the production range of the ESP. In this paper, the methodology and the structured test program implemented in the (R) field during the frequency jack-up campaign utilizing the VSD on the producers will be discussed, in which the post-test and pretest results will be shared and examined. Although, the long-term effects of operating the ESP pumps on high frequency and high amps for extensive periods of time will not be covered in this case study.