gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concordance of in vitro and in vivo measures of non-replicating rotavirus vaccine potency (2022)

Rotavirus infections remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants residing in low- and middle-income countries. To address the large need for protection from this vaccine-preventable disease we are developing a trivalent subunit rotavirus vaccine which is currently being evaluated in a multinational Phase 3 clinical trial for prevention of serious rotavirus gastroenteritis. Currently, there are no universally accepted in vivo or in vitro models that allow for correlation of field efficacy to an immune response against serious rotavirus gastroenteritis. As a new generation of non-replicating rotavirus vaccines are developed the lack of an established model for evaluating vaccine efficacy becomes a critical issue related to how vaccine potency and stability can be assessed. Our previous publication described the development of an in vitro ELISA to quantify individual vaccine antigens adsorbed to an aluminum hydroxide adjuvant to address the gap in vaccine potency methods for this non-replicating rotavirus vaccine candidate. In the present study, we report on concordance between ELISA readouts and in vivo immunogenicity in a guinea pig model as it relates to vaccine dosing levels and sensitivity to thermal stress. We found correlation between in vitro ELISA values and neutralizing antibody responses engendered after animal immunization. Furthermore, this in vitro assay could be used to demonstrate the effect of thermal stress on vaccine potency, and such results could be correlated with physicochemical analysis of the recombinant protein antigens. This work demonstrates the suitability of the in vitro ELISA to measure vaccine potency and the correlation of these measurements to an immunologic outcome.
Computation of Gain, Noise Figure, and Third-Order Intercept of Active Array Antennas (2004)

In this work a general formulation for the computation of gain, noise figure and third-order intercept of the parallel of a number of branches is presented. These formulas are particularly useful for the characterization of active weighted array antennas, thus for the design of the relevant beam-forming networks.
Generalized LDPC Codes and Turbo-Product Codes with Reed-Muller Component Codes (2007)

A forward error correction (FEC) scheme based on generalized low-density parity-check (GLDPC) codes can improve overall characteristics of LDPC codes by decreasing the decoding complexity. We consider the GLDPC codes with Reed- Muller (RM) and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) component codes. GLDPC codes with RM codes as component codes is an attractive option for high-speed applications, such as optical communications, because they provide excellent coding gains, while the RM codes can be decoded using low-complexity maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) decoding algorithm due to Ashikhmin and Lytsin, based on Walsh-Hadamard transform. Several classes of GLDPC codes (with component RM or BCH codes) outperforming the turbo product codes are presented. Several turbo product codes suitable for use in highspeed transmission are identified as well.
Voltage-stabilised elastomers with increased relative permittivity and high electrical breakdown strength by means of phase separating binary copolymer blends of silicone elastomers (2017)

Increased electro-mechanical properties of silicone-based dielectric elastomers are achieved by means of the addition of so-called voltage-stabilisers prepared from PDMS–PPMS copolymers.
해외관광지 이미지의 선ㆍ후행변수에 관한 연구 (2006)

오늘날 주5일제 근무가 확산과 국문소득의 향상에 따른 해외관광에 대한 수요가 늘고 있는 추세이다. 이와 같은 기회를 획득하기 위해 여행사들은 해외관광에 대한 여행객들의 욕구와 요구를 충족시킬 수 있는 마케팅전략의 수림과 실행이 필요하다. 즉, 여행사들은 신규 여행객들을 유인하고, 기존 여행객들을 유지하는 마케팅 전략을 수립하고 실행하는 것에 모든 역량을 투입해야 한다. 이를 위해 여행사들은 특정 해외관광지에 대한 여행객의 만족과 재구매의도를 향상시킬 수 있는 마케팅 프로그램을 개발해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 기존 연구의 이론을 토대로 하여 해외관광지의 환경요인, 정서적 이미지, 전반적 만족, 재구매의도 간의 관계를 실증분석하여 여행사들에게 필요한 마케팅전략의 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과에 따르면, 특정 해외관광지에 대한 여행객들의 긍정적인 이미지 확충과 높은 만족 및 나아가 긍정적인 구전과 재방문의도의 향상을 위해 여행사들은 해외관광지 환경요인의 개발 및 관리에 마케팅역량을 강화할 필요가 있다.
Abstract 13318: Shared Genetic Architecture of RV-PA Coupling and Measures of Adiposity (2022)

Introduction: The right ventricle’s ability to adapt to load stress, termed RV-PA coupling, is a major determinant of survival in pulmonary hypertension. However, the etiologic drivers of impaired RV-PA coupling are incompletely understood. One approach to identifying etiologic factors is through the study of the genetic architecture underlying impaired RV-PA coupling. We previously showed shared genetic risk between adiposity and RV size. Thus, we interrogated a polygenic predictor of RV-PA coupling to determine whether it shares genetic risk with adiposity. Methods: In 3493 adult subjects of European ancestry in Vanderbilt Univ. Medical Center’s de-identified DNA biobank (BioVU) with an available echocardiogram, RV-PA coupling was calculated as the ratio of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) to estimated RV systolic pressure (RVSP). The association between three measures of obesity and RV-PA coupling was examined using 2-sample inverse variance weighted (IVW) meta-analysis, and MR-Egger to assess for pleiotropy. Genetic instruments for obesity were constructed using prior summary statistics for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and whole body fat mass. Results: Median age of cohort was 63, 54% female. Median and IQR of variables were as follows: TAPSE 2.0 [1.6, 2.4], RVSP 31 [25, 40], TAPSE/RVSP 0.6 [0.4, 0.8]. By 2-sample MR, we found a significant negative association between genetically determined waist circumference and RV-PA coupling (β=-0.34, p=0.004) (Figure). We found similar negative associations between RV-PA coupling and BMI (β=-0.41, p=0.01) and whole body fat mass (β=-0.55 p=0.005). Units for estimates were log change in outcome (TAPSE/RVSP) per change in exposure. Conclusions: Our findings suggest shared genetic architecture between measures of adiposity and RV-PA coupling, supporting the notion that pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying adiposity may be play a causal role in impaired RV-PA coupling.
Striatum‐ and testis‐specific phosphodiesterase PDE10A (1999)

PDE10A, a phosphodiesterase (PDE) exhibiting properties of a cAMP PDE and a cAMP-inhibited cGMP PDE, was cloned and investigated in detail in rats. PDE10A transcripts were abundant in the brain and testis. In situ hybridization analysis using a PDE10A riboprobe demonstrated the presence of PDE10A transcripts in the neurons of the striatum and the olfactory tubercle regions of the brain. Rat PDE10A cDNAs were isolated from a brain cDNA library and nucleotide sequence analysis revealed several N-terminal variants. The deduced amino-acid sequence of one of the major variant forms contained 794 amino acids, and it was 96% identical to that of the human PDE10A2. The other major form has a distinct N-terminal sequence that is not found in humans. PDE10A was partially purified from rat striatum and testis, and characterized with respect to Km, inhibitor sensitivity and immunoreactivity to an anti-PDE10A serum. These findings indicate that PDE10A functions in these tissues.
Carbonyl‐Komplexe von Chrom, Molybdän und Wolfram mit Isocyanacetat. Reaktionen am koordinierten Isocyanacetat. Stabilisierung von Isocyanessigsäure und Isocyanacetylchlorid am Metall. Isocyanopeptide [1] (2005)

Abstract Carbonyl Complexes of Chromium, Molybdenum and Tungsten with Isocyano Acetate. Reactions of Coordinated Isocyanoacetate. Stabilization of Isocyanoacetic Acid and Isocyanoacetyl Chloride at the Metal Atom. Isocyanopeptides The reactions of [(OC) 5 MCNCH 2 CO 2 Et] (M = Cr, W) with Na[N(SiMe 3 ) 2 ] or with KOH afford the isocyanoacetate complexes [(OC) 5 MCNCH 2 CO 2 ] − ( 1,2 ). Similarly, the complex [(OC) 3 Mo(CNCH 2 CO 2 − Li + ) 3 ] ( 4 ) was obtained from [(OC) 3 Mo(CNCH 2 CO 2 Et) 3 ] ( 3 ) and LiOH. Protonation of 1 and 2 affords the sublimable isocyanoacetic acid complexes [(OC) 5 MCNCH 2 CO 2 H] ( 5 , 6 ; M = Cr, W) in which the functional isocyanide is stabilized at the metal atom. Reactions of [(OC) 5 WCNCH 2 CO 2 − K + ] and of [(OC) 3 Mo(CNCH 2 CO 2 − Li + ) 3 ] with oxalyl dichloride give the isocyanoacetyl chloride compounds [(OC) 5 WCNCH 2 COCl] ( 9 ) (sublimable) and [(OC) 3 Mo(CNCH 2 COCl) 3 ] ( 10 ); the latter ( 10 ) was not isolated. Complexes 9 and 10 were reacted in situ with β‐alanine, glycine, phenylalanine and methionine esters as well as the peptide esters GlyGlyOEt, PhePheOMe, Phe‐β‐AlaOMe, and GlyGlyGlyOMe to form the isocyanoacetyl amino acid esters ( 11 ‐ 14 ) and the isocyanoacetyl peptide esters ( 15 ‐ 18 ) which are stabilized at the molybdenum atom.
BEM-based multiuser detection for synchronous DS-CDMA systems over frequency flat fading channels (2003)

A soft-input soft-output (SISO) multiuser detection algorithm for synchronous direct sequence-code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) systems operating over a slow Rayleigh fading channel is illustrated. Its derivation is based on the Bayesian expectation maximization (BEM) technique. The proposed detector estimates the fading channel in an iterative fashion and produces the a posteriori probabilities (APPs) of the transmitted symbols. Its error performance is assessed by computer simulation and is compared with that provided by other multiuser detectors.
The effect of delay of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival in patients with resected stage II and III gastric cancer. (2013)

e15144 Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy improved survival in patients with gastric cancer. However, the association between the timing of adjuvant chemotherapy and survival has not been investigated. Methods: Patients with stage II and III gastric cancer who received adjuvant chemotherapy at Yonsei University Health System were included in this study. Time to adjuvant chemotherapy, relapse free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) were calculated from the day of surgery. RFS and OS were compared using log-rank test and multivariate analysis by the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Among 675 patients, 226 patients (33.5%) began adjuvant chemotherapy within 1 month, 421 patients (60.1%) began adjuvant chemotherapy in 1 to 2 months, and 28 patients (4.1%) began adjuvant chemotherapy &gt; 2 months after surgery. Intervals &gt; 2 months between chemotherapy and surgery was associated with worse RFS and OS in both univariate analysis (RFS, p=0.039; OS, p=0.022, respectively) and a Cox proportional hazards model (RFS, hazard ratio [HR] =1.81, 95% confidential interval [CI] =1.05-3.12; OS, HR=1.96, 95% CI=1.11-3.47, respectively). Conclusions: Only 4.1% of patients initiated adjuvant chemotherapy &gt;2 months after the date of curative surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy delay &gt; 2 months after surgical resection is associated with worse survival among patients with resected stage II and III gastric cancer.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure (2S,3R,4S)‐4‐Hydroxyisoleucine, an Insulinotropic Amino Acid Isolated from Fenugreek Seeds (2004)

Abstract A short six‐step synthesis of (2 S ,3 R ,4 S )‐4‐hydroxyisoleucine ( 1a ) with total control of stereochemistry is reported, the last step being the enzymatic resolution by hydrolysis of a N ‐phenylacetyl lactone derivative using the commercially available penicillin acylase G immobilized on Eupergit C (E‐PAC). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Pharmacogenomics of estrogens on changes in carotid artery intima-medial thickness and coronary arterial calcification: Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (2015)

Prior to the initiation of menopausal hormone treatment (MHT), genetic variations in the innate immunity pathway were found to be associated with carotid artery intima-medial thickness (CIMT) and coronary arterial calcification (CAC) in women (n = 606) enrolled in the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS). Whether MHT might affect these associations is unknown. The association of treatment outcomes with variation in the same 764 candidate genes was evaluated in the same KEEPS participants 4 yr after randomization to either oral conjugated equine estrogens (0.45 mg/day), transdermal 17β-estradiol (50 μg/day), each with progesterone (200 mg/day) for 12 days each month, or placebo pills and patch. Twenty SNPs within the innate immunity pathway most related with CIMT after 4 yr were not among those associated with CIMT prior to MHT. In 403 women who completed the study in their assigned treatment group, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the innate immunity pathway were found to alter the treatment effect on 4 yr change in CIMT (i.e., significant interaction between treatment and genetic variation in the innate immunity pathway; P < 0.001). No SNPs by treatment effects were observed with changes of CAC >5 Agatston units after 4 yr. Results of this study suggest that hormonal status may interact with genetic variants to influence cardiovascular phenotypes, specifically, the pharmacogenomic effects within the innate immunity pathway for CIMT.
Comparison of Quasielastic Light Scattering and Laser Diffractometry as Nondestructive Probes into the Structure of Bacillus sphaericus Spores Produced at Different Temperatures (1996)

Volume 62, no. 5, p. 1702, column 2, equation 3: the equation should read as follows. g(sup1)((tau)) = [g(sup2)((tau)) - 1](sup1/2) = exp[-K(sup2)(D(inf1) cos(sup2)(alpha) + D(inf2) sin(sup2)(alpha))(tau)] (3) [This corrects the article on p. 1699 in vol. 62.].
Microwave Tissue Processing Techniques: Their Evolution and Understanding (2006)

The microwave has always promised to shorten tissue processing times. However, historically much of the use of the microwave has produced inadequate and varied results. This science has been further hampered by assumptions and misunderstandings as to how the microwave shortens processing times. This article discusses the important variables and advances in microwave processing and also illustrates why it was not technically possible for the variables to have been discovered earlier. Examples of protocols which can be used to standardize microwave processing techniques to produce consistent high quality results are given. The new methodology is contrasted with the methodology of the past 30 years to illustrate the new advances in microwave tissue processing.
Using stochastic-dominance relationships for bounding travel times in stochastic networks (2003)

We consider stochastic networks in which link travel times are dependent, discrete random variables. We present methods for computing bounds on path travel times using stochastic dominance relationships among link travel times, and discuss techniques for controlling tightness of the bounds. We apply these methods to shortest-path problems, show that the proposed algorithm can provide bounds on the recommended path, and elaborate on extensions of the algorithm for demonstrating the anytime property.
Graph theoretical analysis of EEG after audiovisual stimulation in different anxiety states (2022)

Abstract In this study, a brain network was created using graph theoretical analysis based on electroencephalography (EEG) data. The purpose of the study was to investigate the functional connectivity of the brain in different states of anxiety. Seventeen adults with anxiety (A‐G), and 13 adults without anxiety (AF‐G) were examined. They were given three different stimulations: resting, pleasant, and unpleasant. EEG was measured immediately after the stimulation. The EEG was analyzed by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), coherence analysis, and graph theory. The results of FFT and coherence analysis showed that the anxiety group (A‐G) had higher power spectra and coherence values than those for the anxiety‐free group (AF‐G) in all sessions. The results of graph theory analysis showed that the clustering coefficient and small‐worldness in A‐G were lower than those in AF‐G, although the characteristic path length in A‐G was higher than that in AF‐G. This study shows that the brain of A‐G has smaller clusters and longer paths to compare with those of AF‐G. These events suggest that the brain of A‐G would have an inefficient network structure to transmit emotional information.
From sensors to sense‐making: Opportunities and challenges for information science (2017)

ABSTRACT With the growth in sensing devices, data logging capabilities and multi‐sensory presentation interfaces, it has been argued that the future of documents is “multisensory, pervasive, and immersive,” and building an agenda around these themes is critical for future information science research. Hence, in this panel, we bring together an international group of researchers actively engaged in research at the intersection of sensors and information science. The panel will discuss the new research opportunities and challenges afforded by the use of different kinds of sensors (e.g., fitness trackers, phones, cameras, fMRIs) for information science research. The panel aims to raise awareness and catalyze a strong research activity on sensor‐enriched information science, which is expected to have multiple implications for human information behavior, health informatics, neuro‐information science, data science, social informatics and computational social science.
A Fast Single Image Haze Removal Method Based on Human Retina Property (2016)

In this letter, a novel and highly efficient haze removal algorithm is proposed for haze removal from only a single input image. The proposed algorithm is built on the atmospheric scattering model. Firstly, global atmospheric light is estimated and coarse atmospheric veil is inferred based on statistics of dark channel prior. Secondly, the coarser atmospheric veil is refined by using a fast Tri-Gaussian filter based on human retina property. To avoid halo artefacts, we then redefine the scene albedo. Finally, the haze-free image is derived by inverting the atmospheric scattering model. Results on some challenging foggy images demonstrate that the proposed method can not only improve the contrast and visibility of the restored image but also expedite the process.
ChemInform Abstract: ISOMERISIERUNG VON 2H-PYRANEN DURCH GRIGNARD-VERBINDUNGEN (1971)

Das Pyran (Ia) liefert mit überschüssigem Methylmagnesiumjodid den tertiären Alkohol (IIIa) (Ausbeute 86%).
[Usefulness of (18)F-FDG PET/CT for detecting lesions in patients with POEMS syndrome]. (2012)

Many patients with POEMS syndrome have osteosclerotic plasmacytoma. Radiation therapy is useful for patients who have localized lesions, although chemotherapy is necessary for patients who have widespread lesions. Thus, evaluation of these lesions is important to determine the therapeutic strategy. We evaluated the activities of lesions in two patients with POEMS syndrome by (18)F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scan. In the first patient, PET/CT scan revealed osteosclerotic lesions, which were not detected by Ga-scintigraphy or plain X-ray. It also detected residual disease activity and relapse. In the second patient, lymph node involvement was suggested by (18)F-FDG uptake, and plasmacytoma was confirmed by subsequent biopsy. In the extramedullary lesions of this case, FDG uptake was as marked as in myeloma, whereas bone lesion was only detectable by CT scan. In POEMS syndrome, the PET and CT are complementary, and the combined PET/CT scan is considered to be very useful for evaluation of involved lesions.
An Evaluation of Vaporizing Rates of SiO 2 and TiO 2 As Protective Coatings for Ultrahigh Temperature Ceramic Composites (2008)

For temperatures &gt;1973 K, the thermodynamic and kinetic analyses of the major gaseous species for a liquid titanate layer would vaporize significantly less than a silicate layer, when considering these layers as a protective barrier for ultrahigh temperature ceramic composites. At 2500 K, the major species is TiO( g ) with p TiO( g ) =0.1 kPa compared with SiO( g ) with p SiO( g ) =1.3 × 10 3 kPa at the Ti/TiO 2 and Si/SiO 2 equilibrium, respectively. The SiO( g ) attains a partial pressure greater than ambient pressure at 2500 K even with a thermodynamic activity of 0.01 considering equilibration with a silicide (e.g., TiSi x ). In addition, at 2500 K the TiO 2 layer would vaporize at a rate of 0.23 mm/s compared with the SiO 2 layer's loss rate of 207 mm/s. Although the oxygen diffusivity and permeability through titanate solutions must be further analyzed, the thermodynamic and kinetic analyses for vaporization indicate a longer duration for a liquid titanate than for a liquid silicate layer at ultrahigh temperatures.
Cholylglycine determination by an automated chemiluminescence immunoassay: preliminary results in the intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (2019)

Background: One of the most frequent reasons to determine total bile acids (TBA) in a routine laboratory is for the diagnosis and management of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). The analytical methods that can be carried out for TBA determination are enzymatic and immunometric methods. However, the enzymatic methods suffer of significant cross-reactivity with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), the principal drug administered in the ICP management. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the clinical utility of a new fully-automated chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) to measure cholylglycine (CG) in the ICP. Methods: Two cohorts of patients with a singleton pregnancy, in the third trimester, were retrospectively recruited. The first cohort (controls, n=56, 21–48 years) was represented by patient hospitalized, for a different reason respect to ICP. The second cohort (ICP women, n=32, 22–45 years) was composed of women with a final diagnosis of ICP, before the treatment with UDCA. Results: Intra-assay and intra-laboratory imprecisions were less than 6%. The 95% CI of CG in the control cohort were 0.9–9.1 µmol/L. The levels of CG in the ICP women cohort ranged from 2.3 to 57.4 µmol/L. The optimal cut-off of CG for ICP was 5.5 µmol/L (sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 92%). Conclusions: CG determination by CLIA method has demonstrated a reliability from the analytical point of view. The obtained diagnostic accuracy for ICP was similar to the traditional assays carried out for TBA determination. Moreover, the turnaround time of CG analysis allows a rapidly answer to clinical suspects of cholestasis in pregnancies ensuring the patient-foetus safety.
Sparse extended information filters: insights into sparsification (2005)

Recently, there have been a number of variant simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms that have made substantial progress towards large-area scalability by parameterizing the SLAM posterior within the information (canonical/inverse covariance) form. Of these, probably the most well known and popular approach is the sparse extended information filter (SEIF) by Thrun et al. While SEIFs have been successfully implemented with a variety of challenging real world datasets and have led to new insights into scalable SLAM, open research questions remain regarding the approximate sparsification procedure and its effect on map error consistency. In this paper, we examine the constant time SEIF sparsification procedure in depth and offer new insight into issues of consistency. In particular, we show that exaggerated map inconsistency occurs within the global reference frame where estimation is performed, but that empirical testing shows that relative local map relationships are preserved. We then present a slightly modified version of their sparsification procedure, which is shown to preserve sparsity while also generating both local and global map estimates comparable to those obtained by the nonsparsified SLAM filter. While this modified approximation is no longer constant time, it does serve as a theoretical benchmark against which to compare SEIFs constant time results. We demonstrate our findings by benchmark comparison of the modified and original SEIF sparsification rule using simulation in the linear Gaussian SLAM case and real world experiments for a nonlinear dataset.