gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
N‐terminal EF‐hand‐like domain is required for phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase C activity in Arabidopsis thaliana (2001)

Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C's (PI-PLCs) are ubiquitous in eukaryotes, from plants to animals, and catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate into the two second messengers inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. In animals, four distinct subfamilies of PI-PLCs have been identified, and the three-dimensional structure of one rat isozyme, PLC-delta1, determined. Plants appear to contain only one gene family encoding PI-PLCs. The catalytic properties of plant PI-PLCs are very similar to those of animal enzymes. However, very little is known about the regulation of plant PI-PLCs. All plant PI-PLCs comprise three domains, X, Y and C2, which are also conserved in isoforms from animals and yeast. We here show that one PI-PLC isozyme from Arabidopsis thaliana, AtPLC2, is predominantly localized in the plasma membrane, and that the conserved N-terminal domain may represent an EF-hand domain that is required for catalytic activity but not for lipid binding.
Balancing the Trade-Offs Between Diversity and Precision for Web Image Search Using Concept-Based Query Expansion (2012)

Even though Web image search queries are often ambiguous, traditional search engines retrieve and present results solely based on relevance ranking, where only the most common and popular interpretations of the query are considered. Rather than assuming that all users are interested in the most common meaning of the query, a more sensible approach may be to produce a diversified set of images that cover the various aspects of the query, under the expectation that at least one of these interpretations will match the searcher’s needs. However, such a promotion of diversity in the search results has the side-effect of decreasing the precision of the most common sense. In this paper, we evaluate these competing factors in the context of a method for explicitly diversifying image search results via concept-based query expansion using Wikipedia. Experiments with controlling the degree of diversification illustrate this trade-off between diversity and precision for both ambiguous and more specific queries. As a result of these experiments, an automatic method for tuning the diversification parameter is proposed based on the degree of ambiguity of the original query.
Modulation of Hepatitis C Virus RNA Abundance and the Isoprenoid Biosynthesis Pathway by MicroRNA miR-122 Involves Distinct Mechanisms (2009)

MicroRNA 122 (miR-122) promotes hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA abundance through a direct interaction with the viral RNA and stimulates the mevalonate pathway in the animal liver. We found that overexpression of miR-122 enhanced viral RNA accumulation without affecting genes in the mevalonate pathway, such as the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) gene. However, inhibition of miR-122 decreased both HCV RNA and HMGCR RNA with little effects on the rates of HCV and HMGCR RNA synthesis. Loss of HCV RNA could not be restored by isoprenoid intermediate metabolites. Overall, these findings suggest that miR-122 modulates viral RNA abundance independently of its effect on isoprenoid metabolism.
PAPER 067: SKELETAL DISTRIBUTION OF 14C-LABELED BISPHOSPHONATE AFTER LOCAL ELUTION FROM POROUS IMPLANTS (2010)

Purpose: The bisphosphonate Zoledronic acid (ZA) is effective for increasing net bone formation within and around implants when directly eluted from implants. The extent to which this occurs or whether ZA is more widely distributed through diffusion into the circulation is unknown. The purpose of this study was to utilize 14C-labeled ZA to quantify the localization and skeletal distribution of ZA in a canine intramedullary implant model. Method: A solution of 100μg 14C-labeled ZA was evenly distributed onto each implant surface of three hydroxyapatite coated porous tantalum (Trabecular Metal ™ , Zimmer Inc) implants measuring 5 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length. The implants were inserted within the left femoral intramedullary canal of an adult mongrel dog and left in situ for 6 weeks. The 3 femora with implants and all the other long bones were harvested, dried, pulverized into a fine powder and disolved in HCl. This solution was then placed in a scintillation cocktail (Ultima Gold AB, Perkin Elmer USA) and analyzed with a Packard Tri-Carb 2100TR liquid scintillator spectrometer. Data were analyzed with student’s t tests and nested analyses of variance with p=0.05. Results: Very high amounts of ZA were present within the bone samples immediately adjacent to the implants – range 243 – 1487 ng ZA/g of bone, mean of 800 ng ZA/g. By 1 cm proximal or distal to the implant, the values diminished by up to an order of magnitude. All other bone samples contained very low amounts of 14C, (range, 0.8 – 22.6 ng ZA/g; mean 6.5 ng ZA/g), indicating diffusion of ZA into the circulation and a level of systemic distribution. This is about 11-fold less in magnitude (p Conclusion: Local elution of ZA directly from an implant results in half of the ZA being distributed locally in the femur with the rest being distributed throughout the skeleton, at levels that are much less than the therapeutic dose required to appreciably affect bone remodeling or cause complications. postoperative time periods.
Backscattering enhancement of electromagnetic waves from vegetation canopies (2000)

Monte Carlo simulation of the backscattering enhancement of electromagnetic waves from a vegetation canopy due to the volume–surface interaction is presented in this paper. A method of coherently adding up the scattered fields from scatterers is developed to illustrate the coherent scattering effect of backscattering enhancement. Results are compared with those of independent scattering, and they reveal that the angular width of the backscattering enhancement from the volume–surface interaction is appreciable for both HH and VV polarized waves. The variation of the angular width with the canopy height and the incident wave frequency is also presented. ©2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 24: 303–306, 2000.
CAPACITACIÓN Y ADIESTRAMIENTO (2008)

LA COMISION MIXTA PERMANENTE DE CAPACITACION Y ADIESTRAMIENTO (CMPCA), INTEGRADA POR MIEMBROS DE LA UNAM Y DEL STUNAM, DA A CONOCER EL PROGRAMA DE CURSOS 2009 PARA EL PERSONAL ADMINISTRATIVO DE BASE DE ESTA CASA DE ESTUDIOS. SE INFORMA SOBRE LOS ACUERDOS A LOS QUE LLEGO ESTA COMISION, ASI COMO EL CALENDARIO DE LOS CURSOS QUE SE REALIZAR N EN EL PRIMER SEMESTRE DE 2009.
Blockade of the Dopamine-Inhibitory Control of Prolactin Secretion in Rats by 3,4-Dimethoxyphenylethylamine (3,4-di-O-methyldopamine)1 (1973)

The aim of this study was to examine the possibility that the O-methylated dopamine derivative, dimethoxyphenylethylamine (DMPEA), is able to release prolactin secretion from dopamine inhibition. The effect of DMPEA on plasma radioimmunoassayable (RIA) prolactin levels in normal male rats was examined when administered alone, or together with L-dopa or 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (S-HTP). Acute intraperitoneal (ip) administration of DMPEA to normal male rats causes a highly significant elevation of plasma RIA prolactin levels at 30 min following injection. This effect is observed whether or not the animals are anesthetized with urethane, an anesthetic found to cause suppression of plasma RIA prolactin levels of control animals when compared with unanesthetized controls. L-dopa administration causes a significant reduction in plasma RIA prolactin but if it is administered together with DMPEA in unanesthetized animals there is no significant change in prolactin levels due to mutual antagonism. Acute ip administration of S-HTP to normal male rats under urethane anesthesia does not significantly alter plasma RIA prolactin levels nor does it prevent the elevation of prolactin levels if given together with DMPEA. These results thus support the hypothesis that prolactin secretion is under tonic dopamine-inhibitory control and reveal that DMPEA administration results in prolactin secretion by releasing it from dopamine inhibition. We postulate that DMPEA exerts its effect by competing with dopamine for hypothalamic receptor sites. (Endocrinology93: 147, 1973)
Crossed-beam measurements of differential cross sections for elastic scattering and charge exchange in low-energyAr+-Ar collisions (1978)

Differential cross sections for ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}$-Ar collisions have been measured at four laboratory energies in the range 2.7-20 eV and laboratory scattering angles from 2 to 90 deg using a crossed-beam apparatus. Data are presented as absolute differential cross sections in the center-of-mass coordinate system as functions of relative translational energy and center-of-mass scattering angle. The data presented should be sufficient to allow rather precise determination of the long-range portion of the ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}$-Ar interaction potentials. Preliminary interpretation of the rainbow scattering data gives a dissociation energy ${D}_{e}$ for the $^{2}\ensuremath{\Sigma}_{u}^{+}$ state of ${\mathrm{Ar}}_{2}^{+}$ of 1.40\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05 eV.
Recent Developments in the Economics of Training (2007)

This two volume collection covers important developments in the theory and empirical analysis of training since the start of the 1990s. It includes the seminal articles on training theory in the context of imperfect markets, which are essential for understanding social interventions in the private market.
Blocking Smad7 restores TGF-β1 signaling in chronic inflammatory bowel disease (2001)

TGF-beta1 functions as a negative regulator of T cell immune responses, signaling to target cells using the Smad family of proteins. We show here that Smad7, an inhibitor of TGF-beta1 signaling, is overexpressed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mucosa and purified mucosal T cells. Both whole tissue and isolated cells exhibit defective signaling through this pathway, as measured by phospho-Smad3 immunoreactivity. Specific antisense oligonucleotides for Smad7 reduce Smad7 protein expression in cells isolated from patients with IBD, permitting the cells to respond to exogenous TGF-beta1. TGF-beta1 cannot inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production in isolated lamina propria mononuclear cells from patients with Crohn disease (CD), but inhibition of Smad7 restores TGF-beta1 signaling and enables TGF-beta1 to inhibit cytokine production. In inflamed mucosal tissue explants from patients with CD, inhibition of Smad7 also restores p-Smad3 and decreases proinflammatory cytokine production, an effect that is partially blocked by anti-TGF-beta1. These results show that Smad7 blockade of TGF-beta1 signaling helps maintain the chronic production of proinflammatory cytokines that drives the inflammatory process in IBD and that inhibition of Smad7 enables endogenous TGF-beta to downregulate this response.
Concise Review: Updated Advances and Current Challenges in Cell Therapy for Inborn Liver Metabolic Defects (2016)

In this therapeutic approach to liver disease, new solutions are being designed and evaluated to bypass the documented limitations and move forward toward wide clinical use. Future developments also require a deep knowledge of regulatory framework to launch specific clinical trials that will allow clear assessment of cell therapy and help patients with significant unmet medical needs.
Antimycobacterial activity of veterinary antibiotics (Apramycin and Framycetin) against Mycobacterium abscessus: Implication for patients with cystic fibrosis (2018)

This study identified that the veterinary aminoglycosides, apramycin, and framycetin, have in vitro activity against multi-resistant clinical isolates of M. abscessus. Further studies should now compare the activity of these antibiotics against amikacin and the human aminoglycoside, advocated in the treatment of disease in CF patients, to determine if these novel antibiotics have a future role for the development in human medicine with such chronic disease patients.
An assessment of the thermal performance of the PBGA family (2002)

The plastic Ball Grid Array (PBGA) has generated significant interest as a cost effective packaging alternative for high I/O ULSI devices. This study assesses thermal performance of the PBGA family using the metric of power dissipation capability-"power rating" for IC packages. The metric chosen is the power dissipated for constraints of junction temperature (<105/spl deg/C), and board temperature (<90/spl deg/C), in low aspect ratio enclosures (portable products), as well as natural and forced air convection (/spl sim/1.0 m/s) equipment operating conditions. The free and forced air conditions are typical of PC/workstation environments. Simulation studies using a finite difference based software for thermal performance of IC packages investigated the relative roles of package enhancements towards the thermal performance. Experimental data for the 106 PBGA in free air and portable radio mockup, and the 119 PBGA in free and forced air were used to validate the methodology. The study covers 68 to 324 pincount PBGAs and compares the performance with comparable pincount PQFPs (plastic Quad Flat Package) and other contemporary package styles. The study also addresses system level enhancements for extending the thermal performance of PBGAs for applications. The power dissipation for PBGAs in portable products is projected at 0.6 W. The power dissipation capability of the PBGA is projected to lie in the range 1.5-1.75 W in free and forced air environments. Coupling a motherboard ground plane to the package thermal vias and bumps allows performance enhancement to 2.8 W. A heat-sink attached PBGA allows heat dissipation in excess of 8 W in high end systems. The thermal performance of the PBGA is comparable to PQFP-even when no advantage is taken of the package thermal vias and bumps by the system. Furthermore, the performance of the PBGA compares well with CPGA, CQFP and the CBGA packages.
Enhancing the matrix-fiber interface with a surfactant leads to improved performance properties of 3D printed composite materials containing cellulose nanofibrils (2022)

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) exhibit characteristics that make them a desirable addition to new composite materials. CNFs are usable in a wide variety of applications such as coatings, personal and healthcare products, packaging, and advanced structural materials. They can also help overcome some performance issues with objects 3D printed by stereolithography (SLA) including dimensional instability and poor mechanical properties. However, CNFs are hydrophilic, making their dispersion in hydrophobic resins common to SLA difficult. Therefore, improvement of performance properties will not be fully realized. In this work, we treated TEMPO-oxidized CNFs (TOCNFs) with the hydrochloride salt of lauroyl arginate ethyl ester (LAE⋅HCl), a cationic surfactant, to investigate how this coating would affect the performance properties of multicomponent uncured SLA resins and subsequently printed objects. We hypothesized this coating would enhance the dispersion of the cellulose nanomaterials when compared to their uncoated counterparts, which would lead to quantifiable differences among the sample groups. We found that the viscosity of a commercial 3D printing resin (0.34 Pa·s at 30 Hz) increased by nearly an order of magnitude upon addition of even 1 wt.%. uncoated TOCNFs (2.96 Pa·s at 30 Hz). Moreover, the tensile strength (19.9(5) MPa) and modulus (0.65(5) GPa) of objects printed from the commercial resin decreased when adding 4 wt.% uncoated TOCNF (12.5(2) MPa and 0.58(8) GPa, respectively). In contrast, resins having 4 wt.% TOCNFs coated with LAE were less viscous (1.25 Pa·s at 30 Hz), and objects printed from them had enhanced tensile strength (24.7(7) MPa) and modulus (0.78(8) GPa) when compared to both the unadulterated resin and that having uncoated TOCNFs. Our findings show the general utility of using a surfactant with cellulose nanomaterials to homogenize multicomponent resins for 3D printing composite materials with enhanced performance properties.
Taming Amphotericin B (2015)

A strategy is introduced for enhancing the cellular selectivity of Amphotericin B (AmB) and other classes of membrane-disrupting agents. This strategy involves attaching the agent to a molecular umbrella to minimize the disruptive power of aggregated forms. Based on this approach, AmB has been coupled to a molecular umbrella derived from one spermidine and two cholic acid molecules and found to have antifungal activities approaching that of the native drug. However, in sharp contrast to AmB, the hemolytic activity and the cytotoxcity of this conjugate toward HEK293 T cells have been dramatically reduced.
Dynamical Group SO(6) and Coexistence: Superconductivity and Charge-Density Waves (1982)

SO(6) is identified as the dynamical group of a mean-field Hamiltonian for the coexistence of superconductivity and charge-density waves. The energy spectrum is given in terms of the Casimir invariants. The explicit rotation of the Hamiltonian to canonical Cartan (diagonal) form is found, and expressions for the superconductivity and charge-density-wave order parameters are given in terms of the rotation angles. The descent from the SO(6) to the decoupled BCS-SO(3) and charge-density-wave-U(2) algebras is exhibited.
Tetracyclic pyridazines as potential psychopharmacological agents (1985)

Since the Z isomer of chlorprothixene (1) is far more active than its E counterpart, it was of interest to develop a stereoselective synthesis for this class of compounds. Insertion of a benzenesulfonamido group at the peri position of a chlorprothixene precursor did affect the stereochemistry of side-chain olefin formation, but after hydrolysis attempted removal of the resulting amine led to a Widman-Stoermer cyclization to afford the corresponding tetracyclic pyridazine-containing compound (4). Since this material displayed encouraging activity in neurotransmitter uptake inhibition studies, compounds in which the sulfur bridge was replaced with an ethano bridge similar to that found in imipramine (8) and with sulfur removed (7) were also prepared. These, together with the corresponding peri amino compounds (3, 5, and 6), were tested as neurotransmitter-uptake The two bridged arylamines 3 and 6 displayed potent and selective inhibition of norepinephrine uptake both when tested in vitro and after in vivo administration. The pyridazine-containing compounds exhibited reasonable activity in vitro, but the activity was lost when they were administered in vivo. None of the compounds displayed significant ability to interfere with spiroperidol binding.
YBaCuO superconducting films with Tc=90 K grown off-1:2:3 composition in low oxygen pressure (1991)

YBaCuO films were grown in-situ by reactive coevaporation at low oxygen pressures. Films made at lower pressures (1-10 mTorr) and in non-equilibrium conditions have a c-axis lattice constant (cO) which is expanded compared to the films made at higher pressures (>100 mTorr). The authors have also found that at lower oxygen pressure off-1:2:3-composition and Ba-deficient films have higher Tc's (88-90 K) and lower cO than do films on-1:2:3 stoichiometry. They suggest that metal-atom point-like defects are quenched into the films at lower oxygen growth pressures.
Differential effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes on cell viability of human lung and pharynx carcinoma cell lines (2011)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attracting significant attention as a novel material for future innovations. Many in vitro studies have assessed the cytotoxicity of CNTs, but the effects of CNTs differ depending on the cell lines and the synthetic method adopted for fabricating CNTs. In the present study, the differential effects of single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) on the cell viability of A549 cells from human lung carcinomas and FaDu cells from human head and neck carcinomas were investigated. The SWCNTs used in the present study were synthesized with nickel and yttrium (SO-SWCNTs), and iron (FH-P-SWCNTs) as catalysts. Cell viability was evaluated on the basis of cell-membrane biomass, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, and intracellular metabolic capacity. After 24-hr exposure of A549 and FaDu cells to 1.0 mg/ml SO-SWCNTs, the cell-membrane biomass of A549 cells decreased to 43% as compared to the control cells, whereas that of FaDu cells remained over 90%. After 24-hr exposure of A549 and FaDu cells to 1.0 mg/ml SO-SWCNT, the intracellular metabolic capacity decreased to 24% and 37%, respectively, and the ATP content decreased to 40% and 54%, respectively. SWCNTs had a greater impact on the viability values of A549 cells than on those of FaDu cells. In addition, cells exposed to FH-P-SWCNTs exhibited a higher viability than those exposed to SO-SWCNTs. Caspase 3/7 activity was not increased at maximum concentration of 1.0 mg/ml SO-SWCNTs. It was surmised that sensitivity to SWCNTs differs among the 2 cell lines; additionally, SWCNT characteristics may produce different effects on these cell lines.
Phosphoric acid and thermal treatments reveal the peculiar role of surface oxygen anions in lithium and manganese-rich layered oxides (2020)

The peculiar role of surface oxygen anions and surface reconstruction in Co-free layered Li[Li<sub>0.2</sub>Ni<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.6</sub>]O<sub>2</sub> is discovered by dilute phosphoric acid and thermal treatments.
ChemInform Abstract: BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE ACYCLONUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS. II. THE SYNTHESIS OF 9‐((2‐HYDROXY‐1‐(HYDROXYMETHYL)ETHOXY)METHYL)GUANINE (BIOLF‐62) (1983)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung (IV) wird ausgehend vom Aminochlorpurin (I) über die Stufen (IIIa) und (IIIb) (aus (IIIa) mit Na‐methylat, Mercaptoethanol und Methanol) synthetisiert.
Grassmannian Product Codebooks for Limited Feedback Massive MIMO With Two-Tier Precoding (2019)

In frequency-division duplex full-dimension massive MIMO systems, one of the main challenges is to obtain sufficiently accurate channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter to enable efficient multi-user MIMO transmission. In this paper, we propose a novel dual stage Grassmannian product quantization approach that is suitable for high-dimensional CSI quantization and feedback. We apply the proposed method for outer-tier CSI feedback in two-tier precoding architectures, which employ channel-subspace based outer-tier precoding strategies, such as maximum eigenmode transmission. The proposed method is especially effective if the channel can be decomposed in the angular domain, such that DFT codebooks enable an efficient CSI compression. Our dual stage product codebook quantization approach mitigates the well-known inefficiency of oversampled DFT codebooks for growing codebook sizes, by varying the intermediate quantization dimension of the proposed quantizer.
Lipophilic Xenobiotic Conjugates (1986)

Although foreign compounds generally are rendered more hydrophilic by the vast majority of metabolic conjugations, occasionally xenobiotics enter pathways of lipid biosynthesis and thereby are converted to more lipophilic derivatives. Specifically, the xenobiotic participates in normal routes of fatty acid metabolism. Foreign acids may mimic natural fatty acids (directly or after chainextension to homologous acids), thereby incorporating into glycerides or forming esters of cholesterol. Xenobiotics themselves may be esterified with natural fatty acids. This report summarizes the occurrence of this recently discovered class of nonpolar conjugates in animals and plants.
AUTOLOGOUS FIBRIN-CULTURED LIMBAL STEM CELLS PERMANENTLY RESTORE THE CORNEAL SURFACE OF PATIENTS WITH TOTAL LIMBAL STEM CELL DEFICIENCY1 (2001)

Preservation of limbal stem cells in culture gives new perspectives on the treatment of ocular disorders characterized by complete limbal stem cell deficiency. The multicenter nature of this study and the handiness and ease of long-distance transportation of the fibrin-cultured epithelial sheets suggest that this technology can now be widely applied.