gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proposal to Process and Analyze LCC Crashback Propeller Deformation Data (2011)

Abstract : A DDPIV system was designed and constructed to work in the LCC. A large set of 3D images were taken during two weeks of testing at the LCC in April. The most important cases have been processed, and some of the previously processed cases were re-processed to include the time dependence of the blade deflection. This extra information will be used to better remove the apparent blade motion coming from errors in strobe synchronization.
Segmentation of Overlapping Cervical Smear Cells Based on U-Net and Improved Level Set (2019)

Full convolution network (FCN) is widely used in medical image segmentation and its performance is better than other conventional techniques. This paper proposes a new fusion algorithm that combined the convolutional neural network U-net with a new modified level set method to segment overlapping cervical smear cells. U-net could provide more excellent segmentation results of nuclei and cytoplasm cluster. Then, a modified level set energy function with distance map and a new shape prior term is applied to extract the contour of cervical cells. Owing to this new level set energy function, the segmentation of every individual cell performed well, especially in overlapping area of cells. The evaluation of results also proves the improvement of our fusion algorithm.
Effect of Additives on the Tensile Performance and Protein Solubility of Industrial Oilseed Residual Based Plastics (2014)

Ten chemical additives were selected from the literature for their proposed modifying activity in protein-protein interactions. These consisted of acids, bases, reducing agents, and denaturants and were added to residual deoiled meals of Crambe abyssinica (crambe) and Brassica carinata (carinata) to modify the properties of plastics produced through hot compression molding at 130 °C. The films produced were examined for tensile properties, protein solubility, molecular weight distribution, and water absorption. Of the additives tested, NaOH had the greatest positive effect on tensile properties, with increases of 105% in maximum stress and 200% in strain at maximum stress for crambe and a 70% increase in strain at maximum stress for carinata. Stiffness was not increased by any of the applied additives. Changes in tensile strength and elongation for crambe and elongation for carinata were related to changes in protein solubility. Increased pH was the most successful in improving the protein aggregation and mechanical properties within the complex chemistry of residual oilseed meals.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Activation of the Leaving Group in the Intramolecular Asymmetric SN2′ Reaction. (2015)

Abstract 2‐Vinyl‐pyrrolidines bearing various substituents are highly enantioselectively obtained by an intramolecular metal‐free allylic alkylation.
Loss of p53 in benzene-induced thymic lymphomas in p53+/- mice: evidence of chromosomal recombination. (2000)

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of chromosomal recombination in mediating p53 loss in benzene-induced thymic lymphomas in C57BL/6-Trp53 haploinsufficient (N5) mice (p53+/- mice). We characterized loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 11 using seven microsatellite markers in 27 benzene-induced and 6 spontaneous thymic lymphomas. Eleven patterns of LOH were found between the induced and spontaneous tumors, with only one pattern being in common between the tumor groups. Nearly 90% (24 of 27) of benzene-induced tumors exhibited loss of the functional p53 allele locus, and 83% (20 of 24) of these tumors retained two copies of the disrupted p53 allele. The results indicate that benzene induces a high frequency of LOH on chromosome 11 in p53+/- mice, likely mediated by aberrant chromosomal recombination.
A Differential Feedback Scheme Exploiting the Temporal and Spectral Correlation (2013)

Channel state information (CSI) provided by limited feedback channel can be utilized to increase the system throughput. However, in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, the signaling overhead realizing this CSI feedback can be quite large, while the capacity of the uplink feedback channel is typically limited. Hence, it is crucial to reduce the amount of feedback bits. Prior work on limited feedback compression commonly adopted the block fading channel model where only temporal or spectral correlation in wireless channel is considered. In this paper, we propose a differential feedback scheme with full use of the temporal and spectral correlations to reduce the feedback load. Then, the minimal differential feedback rate over MIMO doubly selective fading channel is investigated. Finally, the analysis is verified by simulations.
High work function materials for source/drain contacts in printed polymer thin film transistors (2008)

Studies of materials for source-drain electrodes in ink-jet printed polymer-based thin film transistors (TFTs) are reported. Two systems are studied: a blend of Ag nanoparticles with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and an ethylene glycol-doped PEDOT:PSS solution (modified-PEDOT). The semiconductor used is the polythiophene derivative poly [5,5′-bis(3-dodecyl-2-thienyl)-2,2,2′-bithiophene]. PEDOT:Ag blends and modified-PEDOT yield TFTs with mobilities around 10−2 and 10−3cm2∕Vs, respectively, subthreshold slopes around 1.6V/decade and on-to-off current ratios of 106–107. Both systems show considerable improvement over printed TFTs with Ag nanoparticle source-drain electrodes. Results on film resistivity and morphology are discussed along with device characteristic analysis.
Markers of aging: Unsupervised integrated analyses of the human plasma proteome (2023)

Aging associates with an increased susceptibility for disease and decreased quality of life. To date, processes underlying aging are still not well understood, leading to limited interventions with unknown mechanisms to promote healthy aging. Previous research suggests that changes in the blood proteome are reflective of age-associated phenotypes such as frailty. Moreover, experimentally induced changes in the blood proteome composition can accelerate or decelerate underlying aging processes. The aim of this study is to identify a set of proteins in the human plasma associated with aging by integration of the data of four independent, large-scaled datasets using the aptamer-based SomaScan platform on the human aging plasma proteome. Using this approach, we identified a set of 273 plasma proteins significantly associated with aging (aging proteins, APs) across these cohorts consisting of healthy individuals and individuals with comorbidities and highlight their biological functions. We validated the age-associated effects in an independent study using a centenarian population, showing highly concordant effects. Our results suggest that APs are more associated to diseases than other plasma proteins. Plasma levels of APs can predict chronological age, and a reduced selection of 15 APs can still predict individuals' age accurately, highlighting their potential as biomarkers of aging processes. Furthermore, we show that individuals presenting accelerated or decelerated aging based on their plasma proteome, respectively have a more aged or younger systemic environment. These results provide novel insights in the understanding of the aging process and its underlying mechanisms and highlight potential modulators contributing to healthy aging.
Synthesis and Bioactivity of Novel Inhibitors for Type III Secretion System ofPseudomonas aeruginosaPAO1 (2013)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 is a Gram-negative, opportunistic bacterial human pathogen which infects immunocompromised individuals. The bacterium carries a type III secretion system (T3SS) as a major virulence determinant. The strategy of T3SS inhibitors is to prevent the bacterium from injecting effector proteins into the host, and causing a change in the pathophysiology of the host cells. Based on the structure of a known T3SS inhibitor of P. aeruginosa, 20 new -phenoxyacetamide derivatives have been designed and synthesized, and the structure-activity relationship results for these new derivatives have been discussed. Five derivatives have shown strong inhibitory effect against exoS gene expression of P. aeruginosa, and among them, N-(2-pyridylmethyl)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-butanamide (5r) has not only exhibited stronger potency than the known T3SS inhibitor, but also better solubility in aqueous solution.
Particle Filter Improved by Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (2013)

Particle filter algorithm is a filtering method which uses Monte Carlo idea within the framework of Bayesian estimation theory. It approximates the probability distribution by using particles and discrete random measure which is consisted of their weights, it updates new discrete random measure recursively according to the algorithm. When the sample is large enough, the discrete random measure approximates the true posteriori probability density function of the state variable. The particle filter algorithm is applicable to any non-linear non-Gaussian system. But the standard particle filter does not consider the current measured value, which will lead to particles with non-zero weights become less after some iterations, this results in particle degradation; re-sampling technique was used to inhibit degradation, but this will reduce the particle diversity, and results in particle impoverishment. To overcome the problems, this paper proposed a new particle filter which introduced genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm. The new algorithm is called intelligent particle filter (IPF). Driving particles move to the optimal position by using particle swarm optimization algorithm, thus the numbers of effective particles was increased, the particle diversity was improved, and the particle degradation was inhibited. Replace the re-sampling method in traditional particle filter by using the choice, crossover and mutation operation of the genetic algorithm, avoiding the phenomenon of impoverishment. Simulation results show that the new algorithm improved the estimation accuracy significantly compare with the standard particle filter.
Brassica carinata – a new molecular farming platform for delivering bio‐industrial oil feedstocks: case studies of genetic modifications to improve very long‐chain fatty acid and oil content in seeds (2010)

Abstract Crop development and species diversity are important aspects of the emerging global bioeconomy, as is maximizing crop value through total crop utilization. We advocate development of Brassica carinata as a biorefinery and bioindustrial oils platform using traditional and molecular breeding techniques and tools. We review genetic studies and breeding efforts to develop elite B. carinata germplasm, work involving development of transformation and regeneration protocols, target gene isolation, and transgene expression. Genetic modification strategies using a B. carinata breeding line as a delivery platform for very long‐chain fatty acid‐enhanced/modified oils are presented as case studies. The target oil products are erucic acid (22:1 Δ13), docosadienoic acid (22:2 Δ5, Δ13) and nervonic acid (24:1 Δ15); in addition transgenic efforts to enhance B. carinata seed oil content are discussed. The overall advantages and current limitations to utilizing this crop are delineated. Other anticipated biobased products from a B. carinata platform may include, but are not limited to, the production of biolubricants, biofuels and biopolymers from the oil, biopesticides, antioxidants, as well as plant gums, and vegetable protein‐based bioplastics and novel food and feed products. In summation, this collaborative B. carinata breeding/germplasm development/value‐added molecular modification effort will not only contribute to the development of renewable feedstocks for the emerging Canadian bioeconomy (biorefinery/bioproducts), but also promises to generate positive economic and environmental benefits. Published in 2010 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Is attention drawn to changes in familiar scenes? (2010)

The limited bandwidth of attention places tight constraints on visual processing of natural, complex scenes. Although a substantial body of research on change blindness suggests that visual representations of scenes are very sparse, Henderson & Hollingworth (2004) argue that elaborate representations of scenes are built up in long-term memory. If so, such representations might serve as a basis for attracting attention to changed regions of scenes. We examined this hypothesis in an immersive virtual environment where 8 subjects were given time to become familiar with the environment while walking the same path 6 times. Distribution of gaze was examined during familiarization trials, and also following changes in the environment, including appearance, disappearance, movement, or replacement of an object. Results showed that the average duration of fixations on control objects is 534 ms while that on changed objects is 1083 ms for subjects who had 3 familiarization trials in the environment before the changes occurred. Without familiarization, however, fixations on changed objects were no longer than on control objects (645 ms and 729 ms on changed and control objects respectively). Fixations were longest on new or moved objects, and least on replaced or removed objects. These results are consistent with Brockmole et al (2004) with 2D images, and support the hypothesis that we learn the structure of natural scenes over time, and that attention is attracted by deviations from the normal state. Thus, bottom up attention is defined with respect to learnt representations of scenes.
Skin Penetration and Sun Protection Factor of Five UV Filters: Effect of the Vehicle (2003)

To gain information about efficacy and safety of sunscreens, we compared the skin penetration of ultraviolet (UV) filters from two vehicles, i.e. an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion gel and petrolatum jelly both in vitro and in vivo, as well as the corresponding pharmacological effect, i.e. the sun protection factor (SPF) in vivo. The UV filters studied were benzophenone-3 (BPH), ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHM), butyl methoxydibenzoyl methane, ethylhexyl salicylate and homosalate. The human skin penetration of these five chemicals from the two vehicles was determined both in vitro using Franz cells and in vivo using a standardized tape-stripping method. The SPF of the two sunscreens was determined in vivo following the COLIPA guidelines. In vitro none of the filters permeated through the skin after 6 h of product application and very little could be found in the skin. BPH and EHM were the only UV filters found in the dermis (both after 30 min and 6 h). An effect of the vehicle could be noticed only for BPH after 30 min in the dermis and 6 h in both dermis and epidermis. In vivo, no differences in the amount of individual UV filters (in % of the applied dose) in the 15 first strips of the stratum corneum (SC) were found following 30 min of application of the formulations; however, the amount of UV filters that were retained in the SC was significantly higher (around 3 times) with the O/W emulsion gel than with the petrolatum jelly. This difference between the two vehicles was also of consequence for the SPF in vivo measured 30 min after application of the products (SPF congruent with 18 with the O/W emulsion gel compared to SPF congruent with 10 with the petrolatum jelly). By choosing the right vehicle or optimizing it, not only sunscreen products can be significantly improved in terms of pharmacological efficacy but the potential toxicological risk associated with the skin penetration of UV filters may be significantly reduced.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Dendritic Cell–Activating Vaccine Adjuvants Differ in the Ability to Elicit Antitumor Immunity Due to an Adjuvant-Specific Induction of Immunosuppressive Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 86KB, The administration of anti-Gr-1 and anti-CD25 mAb can deplete MDSC and Treg cells respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
Exploring the role of individuals’ attitudes in the use of on-demand mobility services for commuting – A case study in eight Chinese cities (2021)

The use of on-demand mobility (ODM) services has increased in Chinese cities and is used by people for various purposes, such as leisure activities or commuting. The aim of this study is to identify and analyze factors that play a role in the use of ODM services for commuting of high-income earners in China. In previous studies, this group of people was identified as extremely relevant for ODM use as they can afford the services in principle. A specific focus of this study is on the influence of travel mode attitudes as well as sociodemographic characteristics. The data set used in this study was collected with the innovative travel skeleton approach based on information given by high-income individuals. The survey took place in eight different Chinese cities with 5,192 respondents. They have provided insights on their everyday travel (e.g., commuting) and attitudes towards car and public transit. To investigate the role of psychological factors behind the use frequency of ODM services, we applied a factor analysis to identify latent factors from psychological item sets used. Next, we integrated them into an ordered hybrid choice model (OHCM). The results show that people’s perceived public transit experience increase the probability to use ODM more often for commuting. We suggest a strong interrelation between public transit and such services, even among people with high incomes.
The multi-processor load balance scheduler based on XEN (2012)

The CPU scheduler algorithm of XEN has been widely used in some real-time systems, but it cannot balance the loading in multi-processor system. Based on the relationship between cache and memory in SMP, this paper illustrates an algorithm with a shared waiting queue. According the loading status of each CPU, this algorithm can dynamically adjust the scheduling order of the VCPUs. Our simulation results demonstrate that the improved algorithm can not only decrease the performance loss of multi-processor, but also support global loading balance better.
Research on a Centrifugal Compressor of Variable Geometry (2000)

A high-subsonic centrifugal compressor with vaned diffuser of variable geometry is being investigated at the RWTH Institute for Jet Propulsion and Turbomachinery. The objectives of this paper are first to present the test rig and the compressor concerning design and capabilities. Then a survey of present research goals and the experimental work running since 1992 is given. Furthermore, the results obtained up to now are summarized, and an outlook on possi­ ble future research projects is conveyed.
The effects of sex and APOE genotype on the gut microbiome in EFAD transgenic mice (2019)

While the gut microbiome (GM), the collective genome of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, is primarily studied in metabolism and immune defense, the GM may also serve as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic target in neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). While age is the greatest risk factor for AD, the e4allele of APOE is the greatest genetic risk factor, increasing risk up to 15‐fold compared to APOE3 , the common genotype. APOE4 is associated with the accelerated accumulation of the peptide amyloid‐b(Ab), which can aggregate to form both amyloid plaques and small soluble aggregates or oligomeric Ab (oAb), the latter considered a proximal neurotoxin. Importantly, among APOE4 carriers, females have an increased AD risk, rate of cognitive loss and accumulation of Ab42 compared to males. Although the GM of individuals with AD exhibit specific microbial differences compared to healthy controls, a greater understanding of how age, APOE genotype and sex contribute to the altered GM in AD may help determine the diagnostic potential of the GM composition. To study the interactions among these AD risk factors, we developed the EFAD‐transgenic mice, which express the human APOE genotypes and over‐express human Ab42. Thus, our hypothesis is that APOE genotype and sex interact to modulate the GM composition in EFAD mice . Fecal samples from 4 month (M) ♂ and ♀ E3FAD and E4FAD mice were sequenced and compared. The Shannon H index, a measure of species richness and diversity, identified a negative correlation between diversity and severity of AD pathology in the 4M EFAD cohorts of mice: ♂E4FAD &gt; ♀E4FAD and ♀E3FAD &gt; ♀E4FAD. Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) demonstrated significant differences in the GM in E3FAD vs E4FAD across different taxonomic levels (operational taxonomic unit/OTU, Genus, and Family). Comparison across sex within APOE genotype revealed a significant difference between ♂E3FAD vs ♂E4FAD and ♀E3FAD vs ♀E4FAD at all taxonomic levels. Additionally, there is a significant effect for ♂E4FAD vs ♀E4FAD, though only at the OTU level. Further, heatmap analysis demonstrates clustering of ♀E4FAD samples based on 29 OTUs. Therefore, the synergistic effect of APOE4 and female sex on AD risk is exhibited by the GM, observed by the stratification of the EFAD cohorts. This study is the first step in defining the composition of the GM as a function APOE genotype and sex modulation of AD pathology. Support or Funding Information LaDu lab funding includes institutional funds from the University of Illinois College of Medicine, the Bridge to the Doctorate Fellowship, and the Honor's College Undergraduate Research Award at the University of Illinois at Chicago. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Multivesicular Endosome Biogenesis in the Absence of ESCRTs (2009)

The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) protein machinery comprises four complexes, ESCRT-0, ESCRT-I, ESCRT-II and ESCRT-III, that facilitate receptor sorting into the lumen of multivesicular endosomes (MVEs) in order to terminate signalling receptors for final degradation within the lysosomes. Even though ESCRT proteins appear to be essential for the biogenesis of MVEs in Saccharomyces cerevisae, it is not clear whether ESCRT-independent pathways for MVE biogenesis exist in higher organisms. In this study we maximized inhibition of ESCRT-dependent pathway by depleting cells of key subunits of all four ESCRTs and followed MVE formation and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) traffic using electron and confocal microscopy. There was a dramatic alteration in the morphology of components of the endocytic pathway in ESCRT-depleted cells, but early and late endosomes stayed clearly differentiated. Importantly, although EGF-induced formation of MVEs was highly sensitive to ESCRT depletion, EGF-independent formation of MVEs could still occur. The MVEs remaining in ESCRT-depleted cells contained enlarged intralumenal vesicles into which EGFRs were not sorted. Our observations suggest that both ESCRT-dependent and ESCRT-independent mechanisms of MVE biogenesis exist in mammalian cells.
Relevance of Openness as a Personality Dimension in Chinese Culture (2008)

The Openness factor was missing from the original Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory (CPAI). We used a combined emic—etic approach to generate six culturally relevant Openness scales. In Study 1, the Openness scales were added to the revised CPAI and standardized using a representative sample of 1,911 adults in China and Hong Kong. Factor analysis showed that the Openness scales merged with the original factors of the CPAI. In Study 2, 1,094 Chinese college students took the CPAI-2 and NEO-FFI. Joint factor analyses showed that four of the CPAI-2 Openness scales loaded with the Openness factor of the NEO-FFI. Implications on the meaning of Openness as a personality factor in Chinese culture were discussed.