gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal Zintl Compounds (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of CT Volumetry versus Nuclear Renography for Predicting Remaining Kidney Function After Uninephrectomy in Living Kidney Donors (2021)

Abstract Computed tomography (CT) and nuclear renography are used to determine kidney procurement in living kidney donors (LKDs). The present study investigated which modality better predicts kidney function after donation. This study included 835 LKDs and they were divided into two subgroups based on whether the left-right dominance of kidney volume was concordant with kidney function (concordant group) or not (discordant group). The predictive value for post-donation kidney function between the two imaging modalities was compared at 1 month, 6 months, and &gt; 1 year in total cohort, concordant, and discordant groups. Split kidney function (SKF) measured by both modalities showed significant correlation with each other at baseline. SKFs of remaining kidney measured using both modalities before donation showed significant correlation with eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) after donation in the total cohort group and two subgroups, respectively. CT volumetry was superior to nuclear renography for predicting post-donation kidney function in the total cohort group and both subgroups. In the discordant subgroup, a higher tendency of kidney function recovery was observed when kidney procurement was determined based on CT volumetry. In conclusion, CT volumetry is preferred when determining procurement strategy especially when discordance is found between the two imaging modalities.
Liver Fibrosis during an Outbreak of Acute Hepatitis C Virus Infection in HIV‐Infected Men: A Prospective Cohort Study (2008)

Outbreaks of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are occurring in HIV-infected men who have sex with men. We evaluated risk factors and liver histopathology in 11 consecutively enrolled men with newly acquired HCV infection that was diagnosed on the basis of antibody seroconversion, new elevations in alanine aminotransferase level, and wide fluctuations in HCV RNA level. Ten patients reported unprotected anal intercourse, and 7 reported "club-drug" use, including methamphetamine. Liver biopsy showed moderately advanced fibrosis (Scheuer stage 2) in 9 patients (82%). No cause of liver damage other than acute HCV infection was identified. The specific pathways leading to periportal fibrosis in HIV-infected men with newly acquired HCV infection require investigation.
Femtonische Laser im Maschinenbau – Mikrostrukturieren und Bohren (2005)

Abstract Aus zunehmender Miniaturisierung von Produkten und ständig wachsenden Ansprüchen an Qualität und Leistungsfähigkeit resultieren Anforderungen an die Fertigungstechnik, die immer häufiger von klassischen Verfahren nicht mehr erfüllt werden können. Dies wird in völlig unterschiedlichen Branchen beobachtet. In der Elektronikindustrie konnte z. B. die bei Mobiltelefonen zu beobachtende Miniaturisierung nur durch Laserbohren von Durchkontaktierungslöchern in gestapelten Leiterplatten erreicht werden. Im Tiefdruck substituiert das Abtragen mit Laserpulsen zunehmend das mechanische Stechverfahren [1]. Höhere Flexibilität und Präzision des Strahlverfahrens ermöglichen hierbei eine deutlich höhere Druckqualität. Bei der Kraftstoffeinspritzung erlaubt das Laserverfahren zu Spritzlochdurchmessern vorzudringen, die mit der bisher verwendeten Funkenerosion nicht mehr hergestellt werden können und trägt dadurch zur Steigerung von Effizienz und Umweltfreundlichkeit der Kraftfahrzeug‐Verbrennungsmotoren bei. Gleiches gilt für das so genannte Laserhonen, mit dem auf Zylinderlaufflächen tribologisch wirksame Strukturen aufgebracht werden [2].
A knowledge-based approach to supervised incremental learning (2002)

How to learn new knowledge without forgetting old knowledge is a key issue in designing an incremental-learning neural network. In this paper, we present a rule-based connectionist approach in which old knowledge is preserved by bounding weight modifications. In addition, some heuristics are developed for avoiding overtraining of the network and adding new hidden units. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated for classification problems including the iris and the promoter domains.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A comparison of SLM and PTS peak-to-average power ratio reduction schemes for OFDM systems (2011)

In this paper, we compare the performance of two peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction schemes. Specifically, selected mapping (SLM) and partial transmit sequence (PTS) schemes are investigated. The analysis was performed for an OFDM system aligned with the IEEE 802.16e standard with 256 and 1024 subcarriers. The results indicate that SLM has superior performance over PTS in reducing PAPR for the same number of subcarriers but at the expense of higher computational complexity. We have also investigated a modified selected mapping scheme with lower complexity.
Effects of bradykinin receptor antagonists on antigen‐induced respiratory distress, airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia in guinea‐pigs (1992)

1. We examined effects of bradykinin (BK) receptor antagonists on airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia in sensitized guinea-pigs that had been administered single, as well as repeated (chronic) challenges with inhaled ovalbumin. In addition, the effects of BK antagonists on antigen-induced respiratory distress during the chronic study were noted. 2. At 24 h following single antigen challenge, guinea-pigs exhibited airway hyperresponsiveness to the bronchoconstrictor effect of i.v. histamine, characterized by a left shift in the dose-response curve. In addition, responses to the maximum dose of histamine that could be used were significantly increased in hyperresponsive guinea-pigs. The percentages of bronchoalveolar fluid, eosinophil and neutrophils also increased. 3. A BK B1 receptor antagonist, desArg9-[Leu8]-BK, significantly inhibited airway hyperresponsiveness induced by single antigen challenge. A B2 receptor antagonist, D-Arg-[Hyp3, Thi5,8,D-Phe7]-BK (NPC 349) had a small, but statistically significant inhibitory effect on responsiveness to the highest histamine dose in challenged animals. DesArg9-[Leu8]-BK significantly inhibited the neutrophilia, whereas NPC 349 inhibited infiltration by both cell types. 4. Chronic antigen challenge also caused airway hyperresponsiveness to i.v. acetylcholine (ACh), distinguished by an increase in the slope of the dose-response curve. Thus, the magnitude of the bronchoconstrictor responses to the maximum dose of ACh that could be used was significantly increased. No change in sensitivity to ACh was evident. Marked eosinophilia was also noted in the trachea, bronchi and lung parenchyma. 5. Airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia, induced by chronic antigen challenge, were markedly inhibited by the B2 antagonists, D-Arg-[Hyp3,D-Phe7]-BK (NPC 567) or D-Arg-[Hyp3,Thi5d-Tic7,Tic8]-BK (NPC 16731).NPC 16731 also abolished antigen-induced cyanosis, and delayed the onset of dyspnoea,doubling the time taken for animals to exhibit respiratory distress.6. The ability of BK receptor antagonists to inhibit antigen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, in addition to eosinophilia, indicates an important role for endogenous kinins. Moreover, the abrogation of eosinophil infiltration suggests that BK has a significant function in maintaining allergic inflammation of the airways.
microRNAs: a new emerging class of players for disease diagnostics and gene therapy (2007)

Introduction Roles of miRNAs in human disease and miRNAs as a novel biomarker for cancer and disease diagnostics miRNAs as new targets for gene therapy Concluding remarks and future perspectives Abstract microRNAs (miRNAs) are a new class of non‐protein‐coding small RNAs, which regulate the expression of more than 30% protein‐coding genes. The unique expression profiles of different miRNAs in different types of cancers and at different stages in one cancer type suggest that miRNAs can function as novel biomarkers for disease diagnostics and may present a new strategy for miRNA gene therapy. Anti‐miRNAs and antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) have been employed to inhibit specific miRNA expression in vitro and in vivo for investigational and clinical purposes. Although miRNA‐based diagnostics and gene therapy are still in their infancy, their huge potentials will meet our need for future disease diagnostics and gene therapy. High efficient delivery of miRNAs into targeted sites, designing accurate anti‐miRNA/ASOs, and related biosafety issues are three major challenges in this field.
Stochastic modelling and analysis of warehouse operations (2009)

This thesis has studied stochastic models and analysis of warehouse operations. After an overview of stochastic research in warehouse operations, we explore the following topics.\nFirstly, we search optimal batch sizes in a parallel-aisle warehouse with online order arrivals. We employ a sample path optimization and perturbation analysis algorithm to search the optimal batch size for a warehousing service provider, and a central finite difference algorithm to search the optimal batch sizes from the perspectives of customers and total systems. \nSecondly, we research a polling-based dynamic order picking system for online retailers. We build models to describe and analyze such systems via stochastic polling theory, find closed-form expressions for the order line waiting times, and apply polling-based picking to online retailers.\nWe then present closed-form analytic expressions for pick rates of order picking bucket brigades systems in differen
High-affinity calmodulin binding is required for the rapid entry of Bordetella pertussis adenylyl cyclase into neuroblastoma cells (1992)

Bordetella pertussis produces a calmodulin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase that invades animal cells and raises intracellular cAMP levels [Confer, D. L., & Eaton, J. W. (1982) Science 217, 948-950; Shattuck, R. L., & Storm, D. R. (1985) Biochemistry 24, 6323-6328]. The mechanism for invasion of animal cells by this enzyme has not been defined, but there is considerable evidence that it does not enter by receptor-mediated endocytosis [Gordon, V. M., Leppla, S. H., & Hewlett, E. L. (1988) Infect. Immun. 56, 1066-1069; Donovan, M. G., & Storm, D. R. (1990) J. Cell. Physiol. 145, 444-449]. In this study, the importance of high-affinity calmodulin (CaM) binding for entry of the enzyme into neuroblastoma cells was evaluated using a mutant enzyme that has significantly lower affinity for calmodulin than the wild-type enzyme. Oligonucleotide-directed site-specific mutagenesis was used to create a point mutant at a critical tryptophan residue (Trp-242) within the proposed CaM binding domain of the B. pertussis adenylyl cyclase. Substitution of Trp-242 with Glu lowered the apparent affinity of the enzyme for calmodulin by 250-fold; however, the maximal enzyme activity in the presence of saturating calmodulin was equivalent to the wild-type enzyme. The Glu-242 mutant adenylyl cyclase was returned to B. pertussis by homologous recombination, and the enzyme produced by this strain was examined for invasion of neuroblastoma cells. Although the mutant enzyme stimulated the production of intracellular cAMP in neuroblastoma cells, the rate of cAMP accumulation was at least 10-fold lower than that caused by the wild-type enzyme.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mammosphere culture of metastatic breast cancer cells enriches for tumorigenic breast cancer cells (2008)

This paper shows, for the first time, that mammosphere culture of pleural effusions enriches for cells capable of inducing tumours in SCID mice. The data suggest that mammosphere culture of these metastatic cells could provide a highly appropriate model for studying the sensitivity of the tumorigenic 'stem' cells to therapeutic agents and for further characterisation of the tumour-inducing subpopulation of breast cancer cells.
Das erste niedermolekulare Antibiotikum aus lebensmitteltechnologisch eingesetzten Milchsäurebakterien: Reutericyclin, eine neue Tetramsäure (2000)

Der erste chemische Beweis dafür, dass die wegen ihres eingeschränkten Metabolitenspektrums als „Stoffwechselkrüppel”︁ bezeichneten Milchsäurebakterien doch Antibiotika mit breitem Wirkungsspektrum produzieren, ist die Tetramsäure Reutericyclin 1. Damit eröffnet sich eine neue Dimension in der Diskussion über die Anwendung von Milchsäurebakterien in der Lebensmittelkonservierung und über die gezielte Beeinflussung der menschlichen Darmflora.
Overview of Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) Support for the Management of Cardiogenic Shock (2021)

Cardiogenic shock accounts for ~100,000 annual hospital admissions in the United States. Despite improvements in medical management strategies, in-hospital mortality remains unacceptably high. Multiple mechanical circulatory support devices have been developed with the aim to provide hemodynamic support and to improve outcomes in this population. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is the most advanced temporary life support system that is unique in that it provides immediate and complete hemodynamic support as well as concomitant gas exchange. In this review, we discuss the fundamental concepts and hemodynamic aspects of VA-ECMO support in patients with cardiogenic shock of various etiologies. In addition, we review the common indications, contraindications and complications associated with VA-ECMO use.
A Focused Dynamic Attention Model for Visual Question Answering (2016)

Visual Question and Answering (VQA) problems are attracting increasing interest from multiple research disciplines. Solving VQA problems requires techniques from both computer vision for understanding the visual contents of a presented image or video, as well as the ones from natural language processing for understanding semantics of the question and generating the answers. Regarding visual content modeling, most of existing VQA methods adopt the strategy of extracting global features from the image or video, which inevitably fails in capturing fine-grained information such as spatial configuration of multiple objects. Extracting features from auto-generated regions -- as some region-based image recognition methods do -- cannot essentially address this problem and may introduce some overwhelming irrelevant features with the question. In this work, we propose a novel Focused Dynamic Attention (FDA) model to provide better aligned image content representation with proposed questions. Being aware of the key words in the question, FDA employs off-the-shelf object detector to identify important regions and fuse the information from the regions and global features via an LSTM unit. Such question-driven representations are then combined with question representation and fed into a reasoning unit for generating the answers. Extensive evaluation on a large-scale benchmark dataset, VQA, clearly demonstrate the superior performance of FDA over well-established baselines.
An interplay between JA and SA modulates rapid systemic ROS signaling during responses to high light stress or wounding (2022)

ABSTRACT Plants can send long distance cell-to-cell signals from a single tissue subjected to stress to the entire plant. This ability is termed ‘systemic signaling’ and is essential for plant acclimation to stress and/or defense against pathogens. Several signaling mechanisms are associated with systemic signaling, including the reactive oxygen species (ROS) wave, calcium wave, hydraulic wave, and electric signals. The ROS wave coordinates multiple physiological, molecular, and metabolic responses among different parts of the plant, and is essential for systemic acquired acclimation (SAA) to stress. In addition, it is linked with several plants hormones, including jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and abscisic acid (ABA). However, how these plant hormones modulate the ROS wave and whether they are required for SAA is not clear. Here we report that SA and JA play antagonistic roles in modulating the ROS wave. While SA augments the ROS wave, JA suppresses it, during responses to a local wounding or high light (HL) stress treatments. We further show that ethylene and ABA are essential for the regulation of the ROS wave during systemic responses to a local wounding treatment. Interestingly, we found that the redox-response protein NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS RELATED PROTEIN 1 (NPR1) is required for systemic ROS accumulation in response to wounding or HL stress, as well as for SAA to HL stress. Taken together, our findings suggests that an interplay between JA and SA could regulate systemic signaling and SAA during responses of plants to abiotic stress or wounding. One sentence summary An antagonistic interaction between SA and JA attenuates the accumulation of ROS in local and systemic tissues during responses of plants to light stress or wounding.
DJ-1 expression in glioblastomas shows positive correlation with p53 expression and negative correlation with epidermal growth factor receptor amplification (2010)

DJ-1, a protein that promotes the action of multiple anti-apoptotic/pro-survival pathways, is expressed prominently in human reactive astrocytes and in many human cancers. Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most common adult primary brain tumor, and most show either abnormalities in p53 or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification, but not both. In this retrospective study of 40 surgically resected GBMs, we compared the immunohistochemical intensity of DJ-1 expression (based on blinded scoring by independent examiners) to these and other molecular factors associated with GBM oncogenesis. We report here that: (i) most of the GBMs that we studied expressed DJ-1 protein at significant levels, and typically in a cytoplasmic, non-nuclear fashion; (ii) DJ-1 staining intensity varied directly with strong nuclear p53 expression (assessed by immunostaining); and (iii) DJ-1 staining intensity varied inversely with EGFR amplification (assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization). Since the anti-apoptotic/pro-survival actions of DJ-1 have been clearly linked in in vitro systems to p53 and receptor tyrosine kinase (i.e. EGFR) pathways that are hypothesized to be critical to GBM genesis, these observations indicate that DJ-1 expression may play a role in the biology of some types of GBMs. Therefore, given the new associations presented here between DJ-1, p53 and EGFR amplification in GBMs, future investigations of these tumors should include an analysis of DJ-1 to determine whether its expression pattern is important for tumor progression, prognosis and responsiveness to therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: Solution‐Phase Parallel Tetrahydrofuran Synthesis with Propargyl Alcohols and Benzylidene‐(or Alkylidene‐)malonates. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Arts Education in Australia: Survival in the '90s (1990)

The article discusses how arts education in Australia is struggling to survive in current times. The two overriding requirements that constitute the basic foundations for effective and productive education in the arts (active participation and universal access) are highlighted.
Immortalized connexin43 knockout cell lines display a subset of biological properties associated with the transformed phenotype. (1997)

Immortalized cells from embryonic connexin43 knockout mice (Cx43-/-) and homozygous littermates (Cx43+/+) were cloned and characterized to determine whether the absence of Cx43 function would induce observable phenotypic changes. Cells of the Cx43+/+ clones expressed Cx43 and engaged in gap junctional communication with 10-12 neighboring cells. The Cx43-/- cells were devoid of Cx43 and communicated to less than 1 cell. Electrophysiological analysis indicated that the Cx43-/- cells communicated through Cx45 channels from 8-80-fold less than did the Cx43+/+ subclones, which seemed to communicate through Cx43 and Cx45 channels. The Cx43-/- clones grew at faster rates and to higher saturation densities, had a more spindly morphology, were more refractile, and adhered less well to the substratum than did the Cx43+/+ clones. Reintroducing the Cx43 gene into the Cx43-/- clones resulted in three subclones that communicated to 3-4 cells. Partial restoration of gap junctional communication in the three subclones was accompanied by reduced growth rates and saturation densities (2-fold compared to that of parental Cx43-/- clones) but no reversions in morphology or cell-substratum adhesion. The increased growth rates and saturation densities, altered morphology, and decreased cell adhesion displayed by the Cx43-/- clones reflect a subset of the properties of transformed cells. These studies advance the hypothesis that loss of Cx43 function during development may cause cells to acquire a preneoplastic condition.
Reduced White Matter Integrity in Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study (2017)

Emerging neuroimaging research suggests that antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) may be linked to abnormal brain anatomy, but little is known about possible impairments of white matter microstructure in ASPD, as well as their relationship with impulsivity or risky behaviors. In this study, we systematically investigated white matter abnormalities of ASPD using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures: fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD). Then, we further investigated their correlations with the scores of impulsivity or risky behaviors. ASPD patients showed decreased FA in multiple major white matter fiber bundles, which connect the fronto-parietal control network and the fronto-temporal network. We also found AD/RD deficits in some additional white matter tracts that were not detected by FA. More interestingly, several regions were found correlated with impulsivity or risky behaviors in AD and RD values, although not in FA values, including the splenium of corpus callosum, left posterior corona radiate/posterior thalamic radiate, right superior longitudinal fasciculus, and left inferior longitudinal fasciculus. These regions can be the potential biomarkers, which would be of great interest in further understanding the pathomechanism of ASPD.
Numerically Controlled EEM (Elastic Emission Machining) System for Ultraprecision Figuring and Smoothing of Aspherical Surfaces (2003)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Features and Performances Atom-removal Mechanism Numerically Controlled EEM System Numerical Control System Conclusion Acknowledgement References
Near ideal RF upconverters (2001)

A new baseband processing technique which allows existing quadrature modulators to achieve near ideal RF upconversion over wide bandwidth is suggested. A test setup using an arbitrary waveform generator and a spectrum analyser shows that more than 70 dB spurious free range may be obtained using an 895 MHz mini-circuits IQ modulator.