gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development and comparison of loop-mediated isothermal amplification and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays for the detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk (2019)

Bovine mastitis is an economic burden for dairies worldwide. Mycoplasma species, and especially Mycoplasma bovis, are among the most important causative agents, and rapid, precise, and low-cost methods for Mycoplasma detection are urgently needed. For this purpose, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays were developed and compared. The LAMP assay was designed and primer concentrations optimized to M. bovis oppD, encoding oligopeptide permease D. For qPCR, a Taqman assay (Applied Biosystems, Carlsbad, CA) targeting M. bovis gltX, encoding glutamate transfer RNA ligase, was optimized for primer concentration, annealing temperature, and DNA polymerase. Both assays were similarly sensitive, with a detection limit of approximately 10<sup>4</sup> to 10<sup>5</sup>M. bovis cells/mL. Both assays were also successful in confirming M. bovis identity in laboratory culture suspensions and in bovine milk. The LAMP and qPCR assays combined with the MoBio DNA extraction kit (MoBio Laboratories Inc., Carlsbad, CA) resulted in the correct detection of 13 out of 13 M. bovis isolates and 14 out of 16 M. bovis-positive milk samples collected from commercial dairies in California. When combined with the PrepMan Ultra reagent (Applied Biosystems), the qPCR assay resulted in confirming 21 out of 21 M. bovis-positive milk samples. Comparison of the assays to milk containing either Mycoplasma arginini, Mycoplasma bovigenitalium, Mycoplasma californicum, M. alkalescens, or Acholeplasma laidlawii or milk lacking any detectable Mycoplasma species or relatives resulted in 3 out of 17 (LAMP with MoBio), 1 out of 17 (qPCR with MoBio), and 2 out of 36 (qPCR with PrepMan Ultra) false positives. Overall, the qPCR assay was more robust than LAMP and could be used on DNA recovered from milk prepared with the PrepMan Ultra reagent, a method that does not include a DNA purification step. The use of this qPCR method enables M. bovis detection in bovine milk in 40 to 55 min, and therefore provides new opportunities to accelerate and simplify M. bovis detection in unpasteurized milk to reduce the incidence of M. bovis mastitis outbreaks.
Study on Day-ahead Clearing Model of Spot Electricity Market Containing Renewable Energy (2019)

In the context of energy transformation, the process of power system reform has been further accelerated. As an important part, the power spot market can achieve power balance in a smaller time scale, thus promoting the further optimization of resources. This paper established a clearing model for the day-ahead electricity market, simulated the complete day-ahead clearing process, explored the law of market operation through the analysis of examples, and discusses the influence of various market factors on the clearing results, including different market mechanisms, access to renewable energy, etc.
THz optical design considerations and optimization for medical imaging applications (2014)

THz imaging system design will play an important role making possible imaging of targets with arbitrary properties and geometries. This study discusses design consideration and imaging performance optimization techniques in THz quasioptical imaging system optics. Analysis of field and polarization distortion by off-axis parabolic (OAP) mirrors in THz imaging optics shows how distortions are carried in a series of mirrors while guiding the THz beam. While distortions of the beam profile by individual mirrors are not significant, these effects are compounded by a series of mirrors in antisymmetric orientation. It is shown that symmetric orientation of the OAP mirror effectively cancels this distortion to recover the original beam profile. Additionally, symmetric orientation can correct for some geometrical off-focusing due to misalignment. We also demonstrate an alternative method to test for overall system optics alignment by investigating the imaging performance of the tilted target plane. Asymmetric signal profile as a function of the target plane’s tilt angle indicates when one or more imaging components are misaligned, giving a preferred tilt direction. Such analysis can offer additional insight into often elusive source device misalignment at an integrated system. Imaging plane tilting characteristics are representative of a 3-D modulation transfer function of the imaging system. A symmetric tilted plane is preferred to optimize imaging performance.
Reversion of Human Glioblastoma Malignancy by U1 Small Nuclear RNA/Ribozyme Targeting of Scatter Factor/Hepatocyte Growth Factor and c-met Expression (1999)

To our knowledge, this is the first successful inhibition of SF/HGF and c-met expression in a tumor model directly demonstrating a role for endogenous SF/HGF and c-met in human glioblastoma. Our results suggest that targeting the SF/HGF-c-met signaling pathway may be an important approach in controlling tumor progression.
Comparison of surface normal estimation methods for range sensing applications (2009)

As mobile robotics is gradually moving towards a level of semantic environment understanding, robust 3D object recognition plays an increasingly important role. One of the most crucial prerequisites for object recognition is a set of fast algorithms for geometry segmentation and extraction, which in turn rely on surface normal vectors as a fundamental feature. Although there exists a plethora of different approaches for estimating normal vectors from 3D point clouds, it is largely unclear which methods are preferable for online processing on a mobile robot. This paper presents a detailed analysis and comparison of existing methods for surface normal estimation with a special emphasis on the trade-off between quality and speed. The study sheds light on the computational complexity as well as the qualitative differences between methods and provides guidelines on choosing the dasiarightpsila algorithm for the robotics practitioner. The robustness of the methods with respect to noise and neighborhood size is analyzed. All algorithms are benchmarked with simulated as well as real 3D laser data obtained from a mobile robot.
Was Basel III für UBS geheissen hätte (2012)

Mitte Oktober 2008 wurde die Schweizer Grossbank UBS unterstützt mit einem Hilfspaket des Bundes, der Schweizerischen Nationalbank (SNB) und der Eidgenössischen Bankenkommission (EBK, heute Finma). Das Rettungspaket bestand aus der Übernahme von illiquiden Aktiven für rund 44 Mrd. Fr. in den Rettungsfonds (StabFund) der Nationalbank und einer Pflichtwandelanleihe des Bundes im Betrag von 6 Mrd. Fr
Supplementary Table 1 from Intratumoral Cytokines and Tumor Cell Biology Determine Spontaneous Breast Cancer–Specific Immune Responses and Their Correlation to Prognosis (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Intratumoral Cytokines and Tumor Cell Biology Determine Spontaneous Breast Cancer–Specific Immune Responses and Their Correlation to Prognosis
Synthesis and Evaluation of Chloroquine‐Containing DMAEMA Copolymers as Efficient Anti‐miRNA Delivery Vectors with Improved Endosomal Escape and Antimigratory Activity in Cancer Cells (2017)

Chloroquine-containing 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate copolymers (PDCs) are synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization. Systematic evaluation is performed to test the hypothesis that presence of chloroquine (CQ) in the PDC structure will improve miRNA delivery due to enhanced endosomal escape while simultaneously contribute to anticancer activity of PDC/miRNA polyplexes through inhibition of cancer cell migration. The results show that miRNA delivery efficiency is dependent both on the molecular weight and CQ. The best performing PDC/miRNA polyplexes show effective endosomal escape of miRNA. PDC polyplexes with therapeutic miR-210 show promising anticancer activity in human breast cancer cells. PDC/miRNA polyplexes show excellent ability to inhibit migration of cancer cells. Overall, this study supports the use of PDC as a promising polymeric drug platform for use in combination anti-metastatic and anticancer miRNA therapeutic strategies.
Simple and rapid peptide nanoprobe biosensor for the detection of Legionellaceae (2021)

This study demonstrates the development of a sensitive, specific, and quantitative peptide-based nanoprobe prototype assay for the detection of Legionellaceae in a simple way and in a short time. In this work, proteases present in the culture supernatants of Legionella spp. were used as a biomarker. Fluorogenic peptide substrates, specific to Legionella strains culture supernatant proteases, were identified. Peptidases produced a significant increase in the fluorescence intensity following the cleavage of the dipeptide fluorogenic substrates. The specific substrates were identified and coupled with carboxyl-terminated nano-magnetic particles (NMPs). On the other hand, the C-terminal was conjugated with the cysteine residue to covalently integrate with a gold sensing platform via the Au-S linkage. Four different sensors were fabricated from the four specific substrates, which were treated with the protesase of six different species of Legionella. In the presence of specific protease, the peptide sequence is digested and the magnetic nanobeads moved out of the gold surface, resulting in the apparence of gold color. One of the nanoprobes sensitivity detects as low as 60 CFU mL<sup>-1</sup> of Legionella anisa, Legionella micdadei, and Fluoribacter dumoffii. The cross-reactivity of the sensors was tested using other closely associated bacterial species and no significant cross-reactivity of the sensors was found. It is envisaged that this assay could be useful for screening purposes or might be supportive for the fast and easy detection of Legionella protease activity for water monitoring purposes.
Software Vulnerability Assessment Version Extraction and Verification (2007)

Software vendors do not on a regular basis label their products with the exact software version. This is contrary to branded household products where model numbers and serial numbers allows the consumer to identify the product and get assistance if something goes wrong. We investigated version and product information within 8468 different software programs, where freeware and shareware showed a considerable lack of relevant information. A tool is proposed for identifying relevant version information and for verifying potential threats matched against a software vulnerability database. We suggest that software vendors in the future conform to general conventions of storing version information in a standardized way.
Prevalence of Dental Caries and Dental Fluorosis among 7-12-Year-Old School Children in an Indian Subpopulation: A Cross-Sectional Study (2021)

Objective: To assess the prevalence of dental caries and fluorosis among 7-12-year-old school children in Muradnagar, India. An additional objective was to determine the relationship between dental caries and fluorosis in the studied population. Material and Methods: A total of 1500 school children aged between 7 to 12 years, and both genders were randomly selected for the present study. The selected participants were divided into three groups based upon age, viz 7-8 year (group I), 9-10 year (group II) and 11-12 year (group III). Sterile mouth mirrors and explorers were used for the detection of caries. The water samples were collected to assess the fluoride concentration. The data collected were tabulated and statistically analysed using Chi-square, ANOVA, Spearman’s correlation and t-test wherever applicable. Results: Out of 1500 participants, 54.1% were females and 45.9% were males. The prevalence of dental caries and fluorosis was 89.3% and 93.7%, respectively. The prevalence of caries increased with age (p<0.05) and females showed a higher prevalence in both the dentitions. Most dental fluorosis was ‘very mild’ (40.1%). Prevalence of dental fluorosis increased with age and males showed more fluorosis than females. A negative relationship was found between dental caries and fluorosis (p<0.05). Conclusion: Dental caries and fluorosis are the public health problems in Muradnagar; therefore, preventive programs should be organized to increase awareness among the general people.
Digital Processing of Synthetic Aperture Radar Data: Algorithms and Implementation (2005)

Foreword. Introduction. Signal Processing Fundamentals. Pulse Compression. Synthetic Aperture Concepts. SAR Signal Properties. The Range Doppler Algorithm. The Chirp Scaling Algorithm. The Omega-K Algorithm. The SPECAN Algorithm. Processing ScanSAR Data. Doppler Parameter Estimation. Comparison of Algorithms. References.
Differentiation induction of human promyelocytic leukemia cells by acyclic retinoid (polyprenoic acid). (1993)

Acyclic retinoid (all-trans-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid) has a slightly different structure from all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), while it binds cellular retinoic acid-binding protein with a similar binding affinity to that of ATRA. We studied the in vitro efficacy of acyclic retinoid for the differentiation induction of human promyelocyte-derived HL-60 cell line and primary cultured blast cells obtained from 8 patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) including 3 acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients. HL-60 cells and ANLL cells were incubated with or without retinoids for 5 days. Acyclic retinoid induced the differentiation of HL-60 cells and APL cells at 10(-6) mol/l, while ATRA induced differentiation at 10(-7) mol/l. These concentrations were well below those that affected cell growth and viability. Although ATRA has an excellent capacity for differentiation induction of HL-60 and APL cells, it is also known to have severe, sometimes fatal, adverse effects, including retinoic acid syndrome. In contrast, acyclic retinoid is reported to have a much wider safety margin than that of ATRA. A clinical trial of acyclic retinoid for the differentiation induction therapy of APL may be worthwhile.
Polydopamine nanostructures as biomaterials for medical applications (2018)

Polydopamine is a versatile and organic material that can be deposited as a conformal film with nanometer thickness on virtually any substrate. Much of the initial foundational work regarding polydopamine synthesis and processing was reported during the 2000s. Latter years have witnessed increasing interest and widespread adoption of polydopamine as a material for many applications including medicine. Conformal polydopamine coatings confer unique chemical and physical properties to many substrate materials including metals, ceramics, polymers, and beyond. Polydopamine-modified surfaces permit facile bioconjugation of many biomedical materials for potential use as bioadhesives, contrast agents, drug delivery systems, and protein-adsorption resistant interfaces. Polydopamine-based materials and interfaces may improve the performance of biomedical devices used in neurotechnology, diagnostics, and cardiovascular applications. This highlight article reviews recent advances in polydopamine processing capabilities. The use of polydopamine as a material in various biomedical applications is also discussed. Finally, challenges and opportunites in translating polydopamine for future biomedical technologies are summarized.
Hyperspectral image segmentation based on the estimation of the multiway signal subspace dimension (2019)

International audience
Automatic Vegetation Identification and Building Detection from a Single Nadir Aerial Image (2009)

A novel, automatic tertiary classifier is proposed for identifying vegetation, building and non-building objects from a single nadir aerial image. The method is unsupervised, that is, no parameter adjustment is done during the algorithm’s execution. The only assumption the algorithm makes about the building structures is that they have convex rooftop sections. Results are provided for two different actual data sets.
Nephrocalcinosis: A Review (1954)

Journal Article Nephrocalcinosis: A Review Get access JD Mortensen, M.D., JD Mortensen, M.D. Mayo Foundation and Section of Pathologic Anatomy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Archie H. Baggenstoss, M.D. Archie H. Baggenstoss, M.D. Mayo Foundation and Section of Pathologic Anatomy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 24, Issue 1, 1 January 1954, Pages 45–63, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/24.1.45 Published: 01 January 1954 Article history Received: 08 June 1953 Published: 01 January 1954
Impact of lipid treatment on cardiovascular risk reduction: new therapeutic targets (2005)

High levels of LDL cholesterol (LDL-c) are causally related to the development of atherosclerosis. A large body of epidemiological evidence supports a direct relationship between the level of serum LDL-c and the risk of cardiovascular disease, and clinical trials have shown that lowering LDL-c with statins leads to a 30% decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events. However, many patients taking statins continue to suffer cardiovascular disease, highlighting the need both to improve the number of patients reaching LDL-c therapeutic goals and to develop new therapeutic targets. The apoB/apoA-I ratio has been shown to be a major contributor to the risk of myocardial infarction and hence increasing HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) offers a promising approach to further decrease cardiovascular risk. Clinical trial data with fibrates and nicotinic acid, together with preliminary data on potent new treatments, support HDL-c as a therapeutic target. The cardioprotective effect of HDL-c may not solely be related to its role in reverse cholesterol transport.
Consistent real-time lighting for virtual objects in augmented reality (2009)

We present a technique for rendering realistic shadows of virtual objects in a mixed reality environment by recovering the light source distribution of a scene in real-time, through the segmentation and analysis of a known occluding object's shadows. A fiducial marker provides information about the position of the occluding object and the plane of the surface on which shadows are cast, and serves as the origin of a marker coordinate system. A new shadow segmentation approach is carried out on the shadow image and is able to recover geometrical information on multiple faint shadows. Using normalised iterative reinforcement, noise and artifacts can be suppressed in the final shadow map. The scene's light source distribution is then extrapolated using geometrical data from both the occluding object and its cast shadows. Virtual light sources in a game engine are used to mimic real light sources and achieve consistent illumination and increase the realism of the augmented reality scene.
Specific Proliferative and Antibody Responses of Premature Infants to Intestinal Colonization with Nonpathogenic Probiotic E. coli Strain Nissle 1917 (2002)

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of oral administration of E. coli Nissle 1917 on the systemic humoral and cellular immunity in premature infants. Thirty-four premature infants were colonized with E. coli Nissle 1917 in a randomized, placebo-controlled blinded clinical trial. Stool samples of infants were analyzed repeatedly for the presence of the administered strain. The proliferative response to bacterial antigens of E. coli origin was measured in whole blood of 34 colonized infants and 27 noncolonized controls. E. coli colonization induced a significant increase in the proliferation of blood cells cultivated with bacterial components of E. coli Nissle 1917 and another E. coli strain in colonized infants as compared with noncolonized controls. Significantly higher amounts of specific anti-E. coli Nissle 1917 antibodies (Ab) of immunoglobulin (Ig)A isotype and nonspecific polyclonal IgM were found in the blood of colonized infants compared to noncolonized placebo controls. We concluded that the oral application of E. coli Nissle 1917 after birth significantly stimulates specific humoral and cellular responses and simultaneously induces nonspecific natural immunity.
Hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis‐Dutch type (2005)

The amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) E22Q mutation of the rare disorder hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis-Dutch type (HCHWA-D) causes severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) with hemorrhagic strokes of mid-life onset and dementia. The mutation does not affect total Abeta production but may alter the Abeta1-42:Abeta1-40 ratio, and affect the proteolytic degradation of Abeta and its transport across the blood-brain barrier. Abeta E22Q aggregates faster into more stable amyloid-like fibrils than wild-type Abeta. Non-fibrillar Abeta(x-42) deposits precede the appearance of fibrils and the deposition of Abeta(x-40) in the vascular basement membrane. CAA severity tends to increase with age but may vary greatly among patients of comparable ages. Lumenal narrowing of affected blood vessels, leukoencephalopathy, CAA-associated vasculopathies, and perivascular astrocytosis, microgliosis, and neuritic degeneration complicate the development of HCHWA-D CAA. Parenchymal Abeta deposition is also enhanced in the HCHWA-D brain with non-fibrillar membrane-bound Abeta(x-42) deposits evolving into relatively fibrillar diffuse plaques variously associated with reactive astrocytes, activated microglia, and degenerating neurites. Plaque density tends to decrease with age. Neurofibrillary degeneration is absent or limited. HCHWA-D dementia is associated with CAA severity independently of Braak stage, age, and plaque density. Particularly, microaneurysms may contribute to the development of (small) hemorrhages/infarcts and the latter to cognitive decline in affected subjects. However, the relative importance of cerebral hemorrhages/infarcts, white matter damage and/or other CAA- or Abeta-related factors for cognitive deterioration in HCHWA-D remains to be determined.
Advanced Whole-Genome Sequencing and Analysis of Fetal Genomes from Amniotic Fluid (2018)

We were able to elucidate the complete genome sequence of 31 fetuses from amniotic fluid and demonstrate that the cfDNA or DNA from the cell pellet can be analyzed with little difference in quality. We believe that current technologies could analyze this material in a highly accurate and complete manner and that analyses like these should be considered for addition to current amniocentesis procedures.
Thermodynamic property determination in low gravity (1977)

Techniques for determining heat capacities and other properties of molten metals were investigated and critically evaluated. Precisely determining heat capacities calorimetrically in space poses several problems. The weight of a drop calorimeter block along with the necessity of obtaining a large number of data points tend to make traditional approaches appear infeasible. However, for many substances exhibiting sufficiently high thermal conductivities and with known emissivities, it appears possible to investigate their properties by observing the rate of cooling of a levitated sphere which is initially at a uniform temperature above the melting point. A special advantage of the levitation method is that considerable supercooling is expected, making the study of the heat capacities of molten metals both above and below their melting points possible.