gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learn to Predict How Humans Manipulate Large-Sized Objects From Interactive Motions (2022)

Understanding human intentions during interactions has been a long-lasting theme, that has applications in human-robot interaction, virtual reality and surveillance. In this study, we focus on full-body human interactions with large-sized daily objects and aim to predict the future states of objects and humans given a sequential observation of human-object interaction. As there is no such dataset dedicated to full-body human interactions with large-sized daily objects, we collected a large-scale dataset containing thousands of interactions for training and evaluation purposes. We also observe that an object’s intrinsic physical properties are useful for the object motion prediction, and thus design a set of object dynamic descriptors to encode such intrinsic properties. We treat the object dynamic descriptors as a new modality and propose a graph neural network, HO-GCN, to fuse motion data and dynamic descriptors for the prediction task. We show the proposed network that consumes dynamic descriptors can achieve state-of-the-art prediction results and help the network better generalize to unseen objects. We also demonstrate the predicted results are useful for human-robot collaborations.
Beta 1-blockade and acute coronary ischemia. Possible role of platelets. (1991)

Although the benefit of beta-adrenergic blocking agents in acute coronary ischemia has been well documented, it is unclear whether the responsible mechanisms include the modification of platelet function. In recent studies, metoprolol appeared to reduce the total number and duration of episodes of silent ischemia in patients with stable coronary artery disease throughout the day. This effect was not associated with a change in baseline or circadian variability of the platelet aggregability. Since the treatment caused significant decreases in heart rate and blood pressure, the drug effect is more likely to be based on reduction of myocardial oxygen demand. Metoprolol, however, prevented a platelet aggregability increase and intracellular cAMP decrease during exercise stress testing in patients with stable angina pectoris. We speculate that this effect of beta 1-adrenergic blockade may be due to hemodynamic and neurohormonal changes, or possibly also to an increase in synthesis or release of platelet inhibiting substances.
The Pathogenesis of Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy (1975)

Gluten-sensitive enteropathy is characterized by flattening of intestinal villi and malabsorption caused by the toxic effect of gluten, a wheat protein. Gluten activates an endogenous mechanism of toxicity that may be the local mucosal immune system: local mucosal immunoglobulin and antigluten antibody production occur soon after gluten ingestion. Approximately 80% of patients with this disease possess HL-A8, a second segregant series antigen. This association also occurs in dermatitis herpetiformis, a disease with vesicular skin lesions and gluten-sensitive flattening of intestinal villi. The association suggests that the fundamental abnormality in enteropathy is a binding reaction involving gluten protein and a binding site on a cell surface, determined in part by the histocompatibility gene; this reaction then results in a local mucosal immune response to gluten. Alternatively, the fundamental abnormality may be the presence of an abnormal immune-response gene linked to the HL-A8 gene or acting in concert with it; this immune-response gene results in local mucosal production of antigluten antibody.
METABOLIC CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH METFORMIN POTENTIATES ANTI‐BCL‐2 INHIBITOR, ABT‐199, AND CDK9 INHIBITOR, BAY‐1143572 AND REDUCES VIABILITY OF LYMPHOMA CELLS (2017)

Introduction: Metformin exerts anti-tumor effects in part by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) with resultant reduction in pro-survival mTOR signaling. Here, we test the hypothesis that metformin induces cell death by altering mitochondrial metabolism in lymphoma cell lines. As Bcl-2 proteins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and Phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) also influence mitochondrial physiology and metabolism, we also explored the additive effects of metformin with novel agents including the Bcl-2 inhibitor (ABT-199), the CDK9 inhibitor (BAY-1143572) and the p110δ-selective PI3K inhibitor (CAL-101). Methods: Daudi (Burkitt), SUDHL-4 (GC DLBCL), Jeko-1 (MCL) and KPUM-UH1 (double hit DLBCL) cells were plated in 96-well plates and treated with varying doses of metformin (0–5000 μM). Hoechst 33342 DNA-binding dye or MTS assays were used to measure proliferation and cell viability, respectively. Perturbations in oxidative and glycolytic metabolism were monitored via Seahorse XF Energy Phenotype kits. Lastly, efficacy of combination therapy was evaluated in cells co-treated with metformin and ABT-199 or BAY-1143572 or CAL-101. Results: Daudi and SUDHL-4 cells showed 80% and 50% reduction in viability, respectively, with metformin at levels greater than 1 mM at day 7, while KPUM-UH1 and Jeko-1 cells were unaffected. The Seahorse analyses showed reduction in oxidative phosphorylation, in cells treated with 1mM metformin with a corresponding increase in glycolysis. Co-treating KPUM-UH1 and SUDHL-4 cells with 10 mM metformin resulted in 1.4-fold and 8.8-fold decreases, respectively, in IC50 values of ABT-199 at day 3 (Table 1). Jeko-1 and Daudi cells were resistant to ABT-199. By contrast, 3-fold and 10 fold reduction in IC50 values of BAY-1143572 in Daudi and Jeko-1, respectively, was seen in the presence of 10 mM Metformin, and SUDHL-4 or KPUM-UH1 cells were unaffected. No change in IC50 value for CAL-101 was observed. Conclusions: Metformin induces significant changes in cellular metabolism leading to decreased proliferation and viability in lymphoma cell lines. The combination of metformin and the anti-Bcl-2 agent ABT-199 achieves an additive effect in DLBCL (including double hit) cell lines, whereas the combination with CDK9 inhibitor BAY-1143572 provides more selective additive anti-tumor effect in Burkitt and MCL cell lines. These data support the idea of targeting cancer metabolism with metformin in novel combinatorial therapeutic strategies. Table: IC-50 concentrations for novel agents ±10 mM metformin Keywords: “double-hit” lymphomas; ABT-199; B-cell lymphoma.
Optimal design of an electret microphone metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor preamplifier (1992)

A theoretical noise analysis of the combination of a capacitive microphone and a preamplifier containing a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) and a high-value resistive bias element is given. It is found that the output signal-to-noise ratio for a source follower and for a common-source circuit is almost the same. It is also shown that the output noise can be reduced by making the microphone capacitance as well as the bias resistor as large as possible, and furthermore by keeping the parasitic gate capacitances as low as possible and finally by using an optimum value for the gate area of the MOSFET. The main noise source is the thermal noise of the gate leakage resistance of the MOSFET. It is also shown that short-channel MOSFETs produce more thermal channel noise than longer channel devices.
Increased Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Subsets with Regulatory Phenotype in Clinically Stable Long-Term HIV-Infected Hemophilia Patients on HAART May Be Beneficial and Contribute to a Decrease in Autoimmunity (2010)

After initiation of highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), long-term HIV-infected hemophilia patients have been shown to lose autoantibodies against CD4(+) peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), suggesting that HAART induces autoimmunity-blocking mechanisms. We compared cytokine levels and subpopulations of lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DC) in the blood of 40 long-term HIV(+) patients with those of 13 long-term HIV(-) hemophilia patients; 23 HIV(+) patients had a detectable retroviral load. Cell subsets were determined using flow cytometry and cytokine levels were measured using ELISA. HIV(+) patients showed higher proportions of DC subpopulations with immunostimulatory phenotypes (p < 0.01), CD8(+) PBL (p < 0.001), and IL-2 (p < 0.001) and sIL-2R plasma levels (p = 0.002) than HIV(-) patients. They also exhibited increased proportions of T PBL with immunosuppressive phenotypes such as CD3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) (p = 0.001), and CD3(+)CD8(+)CD28(-)Foxp3(+) PBL (p < 0.001), and a decreased IL-7R expression on CD3(+)CD8(+) PBL (p = 0.001) compared to HIV(-) patients. Frequencies of CD3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+) PBL producing IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, and/or IFN-gamma, and of CD3(+)CD4(+)CD28(-) PBL secreting IL-2 and/or IL-4 were lower in HIV(+) than in HIV(-) patients (p <or= 0.02). Proportions of CD4(+) PBL coated with IgG, IgM, and C3d were similar in HIV(+) and HIV(-) patients (p = n.s.). However, the proportion of CD4(+)gp120(+) PBL was higher in HIV(+) patients (p = 0.002), and associated with low CD3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) PBL (p = 0.012). We conclude that long-term HIV-infected hemophilia patients on HAART show an adaptive immune response, presumably against HIV, in the presence of upregulated immunosuppressive T PBL, downregulated cytokine-producing CD4(+) PBL, and downregulated IL-7R expression on CD8(+) PBL. Increased immunoregulatory T PBL might decrease autoimmunity, thereby contributing to immunological reconstitution and stabilization of long-term HIV-infected hemophilia patients on HAART.
Preparation of Composite Manganese Dioxide and Carbon-based Material for Batteries and Its Evaluation. (2000)

The aim of this study is to evaluate the binderless process for manufacturing positive electrodes for primary batteries. Composite particles for positive electrodes were prepared by dry-coating manganese dioxide with graphite using a high-performance planetary mill; particle size distribution and composite particle fluidity were measured. The particles were then compression-molded into tablets whose electric resistance and density were measured.The measurements have proven that positive electrodes with low electric resistance and high density can be produced by compression-molding composite particles properly prepared by the dry-coating process, i.e., without using binder. Experiments were also carried out to clarify the optimal processing time for composite particles, as well as optimal particle size and centrifugal acceleration, that yields composite particles with superior electric resistance and density, most suitable for positive electrodes. It has also been verified that the electric resistance and density of positive electrodes produced by this binderless dry process are equal or superior to those attained by the conventional wet process.
Felix Bonfils in Athens: Photographs from the Brunnow Collection at Princeton University (2001)

"Felix Bonfils in Athens: Photographs from the Brunnow Collection at Princeton University." History of Photography, 25(1), pp. 3–4
3-D Geometric Modeling for the 21st Century (2009)

There have been numerous and dramatic changes in graphics technologies used in engineering design during the last thirty years. Computer models that represent the geometric characteristics of parts and assemblies are used extensively in design, analysis and manufacturing. This paper briefly describes these new geometric models used in contemporary CAD software, including wireframe, surface, solid and parametric models. Their use in engineering design and analysis is reviewed. The impact of these new technologies on the engineering design graphics curriculum is discussed.
Comparison of size and morphology of soot aggregates as determined by light scattering and electron microscope analysis (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparison of size and morphology of soot aggregates as determined by light scattering and electron microscope analysisJ. Cai, N. Lu, and C. M. SorensenCite this: Langmuir 1993, 9, 11, 2861–2867Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00035a023https://doi.org/10.1021/la00035a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views608Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transcriptional Profiling of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Genes and Host Cellular Genes in Nasal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma and Chronic Active EBV Infection. (2005)

Abstract Nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma is a uniquely aggressive and incurable subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Since necrosis is the common feature of nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma, the biological features of lymphoma cell are poorly understood because of the difficulty in obtaining sufficient viable specimens. The clonal expansion of EBV-infected NK or T cells is also seen in patients with chronic active EBV (CAEBV) infection, suggesting that two diseases might share a partially similar mechanism by which EBV affects host cellular gene expression. Although the molecular biology of EBV and B cell transformation has been extensively studied for years, little is known about the host-virus interaction in EBV-related NK- and T-cell malignancies. This study aimed to investigate the virus-host interaction in two types of EBV-associated NK/T-cell LPD which may clarify the possible association between infection and cancer. We attempted transcriptional profiling of EBV genes using a novel viral DNA microarray, HHV-4 Viruchip®, in addition to host cellular gene expression profiling using human oligonucleotide DNA microarrays, seeking to evaluate the possible role of EBV-host interaction in nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma and CAEBV infection. We used six cell lines with EBV-associated T/NK-cell LPD: SNK-1, SNK-6 and SNT-8 were isolated from nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma, and SNK-10, SNT-13 and SNT-16 were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with CAEBV infection (Zhang Yu, et al., Br. J. Haematol., 121: 805–814, 2003). We found that expression of BZLF1, which encodes the immediate-early gene product Zta, was preferentially high in cell lines from CAEBV infection. We also analyzed the gene expression patterns of host cellular genes using a pathway-focused human oligonucleotide DNA microarray (NCBI GEO accession number: GPL1919 and GPL 1920). We identified a subset of pathogenically and clinically relevant host cellular genes, including TNFRSF10D, CDK2, HSPCA, IL12A as a common molecular biological properties of EBV-associated NK/T-cell LPD, and a subset of genes, such as PDCD4 as a putative contributor for disease progression. This study describes a novel approach from the aspects of viral and host gene expression which could identify novel therapeutic targets in EBV-associated NK/T-cell LPD.
The Extent of Inflammatory Cell Infiltrate and Fibrosis in Lungs of Telomere- and Surfactant-Related Familial Pulmonary Fibrosis (2021)

Familial pulmonary fibrosis (FPF) is a monogenic disease most commonly involving telomere- (<i>TERT</i>) or surfactant- (<i>SFTP</i>) related mutations. These mutations have been shown to alter lymphocytic inflammatory responses, and FPF biopsies with histological lymphocytic infiltrates have been reported. Recently, a model of a surfactant mutation in mice showed that the disease initially started with an inflammatory response followed by fibrogenesis. Since inflammation and fibrogenesis are targeted by different drugs, we investigated whether the degree of these two features co-localize or occur independently in different entities of FPF, and whether they influence survival. We quantified the number of lymphocyte aggregates per surface area, the extent of diffuse lymphocyte cell infiltrate, the number of fibroblast foci per surface area, and the percentage of fibrotic lung surface area in digitally scanned hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) sections of diagnostic surgical biopsies of patients with <i>TERT-</i>related FPF (TERT-PF; <i>n</i> = 17), <i>SFTP</i>-related FPF (SFTP-PF; <i>n</i> = 7), and sporadic idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (sIPF; <i>n</i> = 10). For comparison, we included biopsies of patients with cellular non-specific interstitial pneumonia (cNSIP; <i>n</i> = 10), an inflammatory interstitial lung disease with high lymphocyte influx and usually responsive to immunosuppressive therapy. The degree of inflammatory cell infiltrate and fibrosis in TERT-PF and SFTP-PF was not significantly different from that in sIPF. In comparison with cNSIP, the extent of lymphocyte infiltrates was significantly lower in sIPF and TERT-PF, but not in SFTP-PF. However, in contrast with cNSIP, in sIPF, TERT-PF, and SFTP-PF, diffuse lymphocyte cell infiltrates were predominantly present and lymphocyte aggregates were only present in fibrotic areas (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, fibroblast foci and percentage of fibrotic lung surface were associated with survival (<i>p</i> = 0.022 and <i>p</i> = 0.018, respectively), while this association was not observed for lymphocyte aggregates or diffuse lymphocytic infiltration. Inflammatory cells in diagnostic lung biopsies of TERT-PF, SFTP-PF, and sIPF were largely confined to fibrotic areas. However, based on inflammation and fibrosis, no differences were found between FPF and sIPF, substantiating the histological similarities between monogenic familial and sporadic disease. Furthermore, the degree of fibrosis, rather than inflammation, correlates with survival, supporting that fibrogenesis is the key feature for therapeutic targeting of FPF.
Synthesis of thiazolidin-4-ones and thiazinan-4-ones from 1-(2-aminoethyl)pyrrolidine as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (2019)

The present study describes the synthesis of a novel series of thiazolidin-4-one and thiazinan-4-one using 1-(2-aminoethyl)pyrrolidine as amine precursor. All compounds were synthesised by one-pot three component cyclocondensation reaction from the amine, a substituted benzaldehyde and a mercaptocarboxylic acid. The compounds were obtained in moderate to good yields and were identified and characterised by <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13 </sup>C, 2 D NMR and GC/MS techniques. The compounds also were screened for their <i>in vitro</i> acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in hippocampus and cerebral cortex on Wistar rats. The six most potent compounds have been investigated for their cytotoxicity by cell viability assay of astrocyte primary culture, an important cell of central nervous system. We highlighted two compounds (<b>6a</b> and <b>6k</b>) that had the lowest IC<sub>50</sub> in hippocampus (5.20 and 4.46 µM) and cerebral cortex (7.40 and 6.83 µM). These preliminary and important results could be considered a starting point for the development of new AChE inhibitory agents.
The electrochemistry of tetramesityldisilene, Mes2SiSiMes2 (1998)

The outcome of the controlled potential oxidation and reduction of a disilene, tetramesityldisilene (TMDS), indicates that the main silicon containing products involve only one silicon atom and have the general structure Mes2SiX(Y), X and Y being H, OH or F.
Observed crowding effects on Mycobacterium tuberculosis 2-trans-enoyl-ACP (CoA) reductase enzyme activity are not due to excluded volume only (2017)

The cellular milieu is a complex and crowded aqueous solution. Macromolecular crowding effects are commonly studied in vitro using crowding agents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects, if any, of macromolecular synthetic crowding agents on the apparent steady-state kinetic parameters (K <sub>m</sub> , k <sub>cat</sub> , and k <sub>cat</sub> /K <sub>m</sub> ) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 2-trans-enoyl-ACP (CoA) reductase (InhA). Negligible effects on InhA activity were observed for ficoll 70, ficoll 400 and dextran 70. A complex effect was observed for PEG 6000. Glucose and sucrose showed, respectively, no effect on InhA activity and decreased k <sub>cat</sub> /K <sub>m</sub> for NADH and k <sub>cat</sub> for 2-trans-dodecenoyl-CoA. Molecular dynamics results suggest that InhA adopts a more compact conformer in sucrose solution. The effects of the crowding agents on the energy (E <sub>a</sub> and E <sub>η</sub> ), enthalpy (∆H <sup>#</sup> ), entropy (∆S <sup>#</sup> ), and Gibbs free energy (∆G <sup>#</sup> ) of activation were determined. The ∆G <sup>#</sup> values for all crowding agents were similar to buffer, suggesting that excluded volume effects did not facilitate stable activated ES <sup>#</sup> complex formation. Nonlinear Arrhenius plot for PEG 6000 suggests that "soft" interactions play a role in crowding effects. The results on InhA do not unequivocally meet the criteria for crowding effect due to exclude volume only.
Modulation of TRAIL-induced tumor cell apoptosis in a hypoxic environment (2005)

Hypoxia induces Hif-1alpha and selects for loss of wild-type p53 function, both of which can promote tumor cell survival. We evaluated the ability of TRAIL to induce apoptosis of human tumor cell lines exposed to hypoxia. H460 lung cancer cells express low levels of Hif-1alpha, stabilize wild-type p53 during hypoxia, and undergo TRAIL-induced apoptosis. In U2OS osteosarcoma or PA1 ovarian teratocarcinoma cells, high levels of Hif-1alpha and low levels of stable p53 are detected during hypoxia, and cells undergo low levels of TRAIL-induced apoptosis as compared to H460 cells. H460 cells are sensitized to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, whereas U2OS are protected, and little apoptosis is observed in relatively TRAIL-resistant PA1 during hypoxia. Forced expression of Hif-1alpha is also surprisingly a potent inducer of apoptosis in wild-type p53 expressing H460 cells and further promotes TRAIL-induced apoptosis. TRAIL-sensitive wild-type p53-expressing HCT116 colon carcinoma cells modestly elevate Hif-1alpha levels and are equally or slightly more sensitive to TRAIL during hypoxia. In contrast, p53-null HCT116 have higher levels of Hif-1alpha during normoxia and are extremely sensitive to TRAIL, but are protected from TRAIL-induced apoptosis during hypoxia. We hypothesize that a hypoxic tumor microenvironment may alter sensitivity to TRAIL, which may be impacted by Hif-1alpha levels and p53 status. These findings suggest that particular attention to hypoxic regions of tumors and sensitizers to hypoxia-induced cell death may be required to optimize therapeutic combinations using TRAIL.