gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Parallel Training Algorithms for Deep Neural Networks (2018)

A majority of training algorithms for deep neural networks (DNNs) use variants of stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Since a large amount of time is typically required to train DNNs, many attempts have been made to speed-up the training process by parallelizing the SGD algorithms. However, such parallelization efforts introduce approximation due to the inherent sequential nature of the SGD methods. In this paper, we revisit and analyze parallel SGD algorithms, and propose a novel pipelined SGD that is more efficient than previous algorithms.
Effect of soaking and fermentation on content of phenolic compounds of soybean (Glycine max cv. Merit) and mung beans (Vigna radiata [L] Wilczek) (2015)

Mung beans (Vigna radiata [L] Wilczek) purchased from a Spanish company as "green soybeans", showed a different phenolic composition than yellow soybeans (Glycine max cv. Merit). Isoflavones were predominant in yellow soybeans, whereas they were completely absent in the green seeds on which flavanones were predominant. In order to enhance their health benefits, both types of bean were subjected to technological processes, such as soaking and fermentation. Soaking increased malonyl glucoside isoflavone extraction in yellow beans and produced an increase in apigenin derivatives in the green beans. Lactobacillus plantarum CECT 748 T fermentation produced an increase in the bioactivity of both beans since a conversion of glycosylated isoflavones into bioactive aglycones and an increase of the bioactive vitexin was observed in yellow and green beans, respectively. In spite of potential consumer confusion, since soybean and "green soybean" are different legumes, the health benefits of both beans were enhanced by lactic fermentation.
A new buck-boost-operation-based sinusoidal inverter circuit (2003)

This paper proposes a novel sinusoidal inverter circuit. The performance of this inverter circuit is based on buck-boost operation, as it is well known in a DC chopper circuit. The proposed inverter has a distinguished feature of step-up and step-down output voltage. The sinusoidal output voltage of the inverter is obtained by using a hysteresis-comparator scheme. The behavior of the inverter circuit is described in detail based on the switching conditions and operation modes. The computer simulation is carried out in order to confirm the performance and advantage of the proposed sinusoidal inverter.
Percutaneous valve implantation: Past, present and future. (2002)

The percutaneous approach for valve replacement has recently been introduced. This procedure is presently available for patients with artificial right ventricular outflow tract conduits only. The technique is safe, but is limited to rare stereotyped clinical situations. Further technical improvements will broaden the spectrum of indications to pulmonary valve replacement regardless of the anatomy of the outflow tract to the aortic valve and possibly to atrio-ventricular valves. In this report, we review our experience in valve replacement through a percutaneous technique in humans, describing the ongoing experimental work.
2087. Comparison of Alere™ i Influenza Flu A and B 2 and Cobas® Influenza A/B Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for Detection of Influenza A/B in Nasopharyngeal Swabs Collected from Children (2018)

Early diagnosis of influenza virus is critical for patient management and infection control. Both, Alere™ i Influenza A and B two assay (Alere i; Abbott Laboratories) and Cobas® Influenza A/B nucleic acid test (LIAT; Roche Molecular Systems Inc.) are rapid sample-to-answer CLIA waived molecular assays for flu detection. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of these two commercially available flu assays. A total of 201 children <18 years were prospectively enrolled from January to April 2018. Subjects with a physician’s test order of Flu test were considered eligible for study participation. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were obtained after consenting the subjects. Aliquots made were frozen for testing on different diagnostic platforms per manufacturer’s instructions. CDC Flu A/B PCR was used as a reference method to evaluate the performance of the two platforms. Among the 201 specimens tested, CDC PCR detected Flu A/B in 107 samples (Flu A: 73, Flu B: 36; Dual flu A/B positive: 2), while Alere i assay detected 102 samples (Flu A: 69, Flu B: 37; dual flu A/B positive: 4; invalid rate: 1/201–0.5%) and LIAT assay detected 112 samples (Flu A: 74, Flu B: 38; invalid rate: 11/201–5.5%). The overall sensitivities for Alere i vs. LIAT (95.3% vs. 100%) and specificities (100% vs. 94.7%) were comparable. Alere i assay missed five samples detected by CDC PCR at high Ct values of 33.81 (range 31.75–36.04). Standard of care BD Veritor™ Flu A/B antigen test (BD) had a sensitivity and specificity of 77.6% (68.3–84.8) and 98.9% (93.3–99.9). The diagnostic performance for Alere™ i and LIAT flu assays were found comparable. Both molecular assays had >17% higher sensitivity than BD veritor antigen test. LIAT assay was found to be more sensitive than Alere i whereas Alere i had greater specificity than LIAT. Alere i and LIAT assay results vs. CDC Flu A/B PCR PCR Alere i and LIAT assay results vs. CDC Flu A/B PCR PCR N. Kanwar, Alere Inc.: Collaborator, Research grant. R. Selvarangan, Abbott Diagnostics: Investigator, Research grant.
Study of Influence of SiC and Al2O3 as Reinforcement Elements in Elastomeric Matrix Composites (2014)

Rubber is an important polymer type that is widely used due to its high and reversible deformability. Since the modulus and strength of neat rubber are low, an additional reinforcing phase is necessary for the use of rubber materials in practical applications. Rubber is generally reinforced with fibers, carbon black (CB), and silicates. In our study we also use carbon black as filler reinforcement but in order to increase the mechanical properties even more we have added different particles (SiC and Al2O3) in rubber based composites. In the frame of the common research project, NR/BR based composites with different curing systems were characterized with respect to their curing characteristics and mechanical properties. The cure characteristics of the rubber compounds were studied by using the Monsanto MDR 2000 rheometer. Microindentation test was used for studying the viscoelastic behaviour of the compounds. Addition of different reinforcing particles can improve certain properties of rubber blends, such as stiffness, vulcanisation rate and crosslink density.
Structures and Magnetic Properties of Co/Ta Multilayered Thin Films (1992)

Co/Ta multilayered thin films (MLF) are fabricated using a radio frequency (RF) sputtering device. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy evidence that these films possess good periodicity and crystal structures in both the Co layers as well as the Ta layers. Magnetic hysteresis loops are measured at room temperature in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the film plane. It is found that a tendency of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is well developed when the Ta layer thickness is decreased. Furthermore, with decreasing period of MLF, the coercivity Hc decreases and the squareness increases, namely, the magnetic properties become softer. The above behavior can be interpreted in terms of the structures of the multilayered thin films. Durch Niederfrequenz-Sputtern werden Co/Ta-Mehrschichtfilme (MLF) hergestellt. Röntgenbeugung und TEM zeigen, daß diese Filme sowohl in den Co- als auch den Ta-Schichten gute Periodizität und Kristallstruktur besitzen. Bei Raumtemperatur werden magnetische Hysteresisschleifen in Rich-tungen parallel und senkrecht zur Filmebene gemessen. Mit abnehmender Dicke der Ta-Schicht wird die senkrechte magnetische Anisotropie stärker ausgeprägt. Mit abnehmender Periode der MLF nimmt die Koerzitivität ab und die Rechteckigkeit zu, d. h. die magnetischen Eigenschaften werden weicher. Diese Eigenschaften können aufgrund der Struktur der Mehrschichtfilme erklärt werden.
Interpretation Of Traffic Scenes Using A Hierarchical Data Structure (2005)

This paper describes a hierarchical vision system for the detection and classification of traffic signs on freeways. The structure and color information of an image is used for detection of traffic signs in the image and coarse classification. Regions-of-interest (RoI) each of them containing only one hypothetical traffic sign, are investigated using pixel classification methods. In this paper, the use of structure information is emphasized and some aspects of its integration into a vision system are demonstrated.
Electrostatically driven gas valve with high conductance (1994)

The characteristics of a gas valve driven by electrostatic force are investigated. The gas valve consists of a pair of planar electrodes with a conductive film between them. Three valve ports pass through the electrode plates. The film is elastically bent in an S-shape in the middle and the S-bend moves back and forth as voltage is alternately applied between the film and each electrode. This valve has a high conductance achieved by large vertical film displacement. The valve is suitable for rarefied gas control systems, such as the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) apparatus, which requires a gas flow rate on the order of 1 sccm under a low pressure of less than 100 Pa. Experimental models of the gas valve are constructed to investigate the valve's operation. The maximum pressure difference the valve can handle depends on the applied voltage and the size of the port orifice. A valve with 2.0 mm inlet and outlet ports can work under the operating condition of the MBE apparatus.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Finding power/ground defects on connectors &#x2014; a new approach (2007)

Printed circuit boards are steadily becoming faster, and as a result, relatively ordinary defects in connectors and sockets can now have more subtle and damaging effects. At the same time these defects defy detection by conventional technologies. This paper surveys existing tests for these defects and introduces a new solution based on network parameter measurements.
Improved indoor VLC MIMO channel capacity using mobile receiver with angular diversity detectors (2014)

A mobile receiver with angular diversity detectors in Visible Light Communication (VLC) Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) channels is considered. The objective is to improve the rank of the channel matrix and hence system throughput. Repetition Coding, Spatial Multiplexing and Spatial Modulation concepts are used to evaluate throughputs across multiple locations in a small room scenario. Since the receiver is mobile, the channel gains are weak in some locations of the room due to the lack of Line of Sight (LOS) paths between transmitters and receivers. Therefore we use Adaptive Modulation and Per Antenna Rate Coding (PARC) are used to improve spectral efficiency. The throughputs for fixed transmitters and receivers are compared with the oriented/inclined detectors for different cases. The results shows that for the mobile receivers, oriented/inclined detectors with Adaptive modulation and PARC provides capacity improvement when compared with the fixed and vertically oriented receivers.
Correction: Resveratrol as a Pan-HDAC Inhibitor Alters the Acetylation Status of Jistone Proteins in Human-Derived Hepatoblastoma Cells (2013)

The polyphenolic alcohol resveratrol has demonstrated promising activities for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Different modes of action have been described for resveratrol including the activation of sirtuins, which represent the class III histone deacetylases (HDACs). However, little is known about the activity of resveratrol on the classical HDACs of class I, II and IV, although these classes are involved in cancer development or progression and inhibitors of HDACs (HDACi) are currently under investigation as promising novel anticancer drugs. We could show by in silico docking studies that resveratrol has the chemical structure to inhibit the activity of different human HDAC enzymes. In vitro analyses of overall HDAC inhibition and a detailed HDAC profiling showed that resveratrol inhibited all eleven human HDACs of class I, II and IV in a dose-dependent manner. Transferring this molecular mechanism into cancer therapy strategies, resveratrol treatment was analyzed on solid tumor cell lines. Despite the fact that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known to be particularly resistant against conventional chemotherapeutics, treatment of HCC with established HDACi already has shown promising results. Testing of resveratrol on hepatoma cell lines HepG2, Hep3B and HuH7 revealed a dose-dependent antiproliferative effect on all cell lines. Interestingly, only for HepG2 cells a specific inhibition of HDACs and in turn a histone hyperacetylation caused by resveratrol was detected. Additional testing of human blood samples demonstrated a HDACi activity by resveratrol ex vivo. Concluding toxicity studies showed that primary human hepatocytes tolerated resveratrol, whereas in vivo chicken embryotoxicity assays demonstrated severe toxicity at high concentrations. Taken together, this novel pan-HDACi activity opens up a new perspective of resveratrol for cancer therapy alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutics. Moreover, resveratrol may serve as a lead structure for chemical optimization of bioavailability, pharmacology or HDAC inhibition.
3-D Finite Element Simulation of Welding Residual Stresses in Pipe-Flange Joints: Effect of Welding Parameters (2005)

This paper presents results of detailed three-dimensional finite element simulation of residual stress distribution in welded Pipe-Flange Joints with emphasis on the effect of welding parameters and geometrical size of the model. Single-pass Metal Inert Gas welding with single “V” Butt-weld geometry is used in the study. The effect of two basic welding parameters including welding current and speed and two geometrical parameters i.e. pipe diameter and wall-thickness are examined. For both welding current and welding speed, three sets of parameters comprising of low, medium and high values are used. To analyze the effect of each parameter explicitly only one parameter is changed at one time. In most of the cases 100 mm nominal pipe diameter is used. A FE Model for 200 mm nominal pipe diameter is also analyzed to determine the effect of pipe diameter.
Advanced Parkinson disease treated with rotigotine transdermal system (2007)

Transdermal rotigotine significantly improved "off" time in subjects with Parkinson disease not optimally controlled with levodopa and was safe and well tolerated, with typical dopaminergic side effects and occasional application site reactions.
Computing Surface-Based Photo-Consistency on Graphics Hardware (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Functional peptide-based drug delivery systems (2020)

Peptides are one of the most important functional motifs for constructing smart drug delivery systems (DDSs). Functional peptides can be conjugated with drugs or carriers via covalent bonds, or assembled into DDSs via supramolecular forces, which enables the DDSs to acquire desired functions such as targeting and/or environmental responsiveness. In this mini review, we first introduce the different types of functional peptides that are commonly used for constructing DDSs, and we highlight representative strategies for designing smart DDSs by using functional peptides in the past few years. We also state the challenges of peptide-based DDSs and come up with prospects.
High definition PET for cardiac imaging: Preliminary results (2008)

The new Siemens HD.PET is characterized by improved spatial resolution and signal-to-noise on reconstructed PET images. We have tested HD.PET for cardiac imaging. Materials and Methods: We filled the cardiac insert of a RSD Alderson Thorax phantom with <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> F-FDG and acquired it with and without defects. The data were reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP), 2D and 3D Attenuation Weighted Ordered Subsets Expectation Maximization (AWOSEM), and HD.PET. We calculated the wall/cavity contrast and contrast-to-noise (CNR). Two patients referred for myocardial viability assessment were also acquired. Static and 8-bin ECG-gated images were generated using FBP, 2D and 3D AWOSEM, and HD.PET. Results: In the phantom, the contrast increase with HD.PET ranged from 12.0% to 47.9% as compared to FBP, 2D and 3D AWOSEM. The HD.PET CNR with a 2-mm Gauss filter (73.8) was also increased compared to conventional reconstructions (17.0 for FBP, 37.3 for 2D and 38.5 for 3D-AWOSEM). We found that because of the improved spatial resolution, the estimated defect size increase for HD.PET ranged from 10.0% to 33.7%. On the static images of patient #1’s study, a myocardial ROI on HD.PET images showed a contrast increase of 3.6% with FBP, 16.3% with 2D AWOSEM and 11.8% with 3D AWOSEM. The static CNR was 27.1 for HD.PET, 6.4 for FBP, 16.2 and 17.9 for 2D and 3D AWOSEM. For patient #2, the HD.PET contrast (CNR) was 8.54 (35.0) while it was 5.59 (11.2) for FBP, 6.26 (33.2) for 2D-AWOSEM and 6.82 (30.0) for 3D-AWOSEM. For both patient #1 and #2’s gated images, the myocardial ROI showed a significant contrast and CNR increase with HD.PET as compared to the 3 standard reconstruction methods (all p≪0.05 except for patient #1’s FBP images). Conclusion: Our preliminary work on both phantom and patient <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sup> F-FDG cardiac studies showed that HD.PET significantly improved defect definition, image resolution, contrast and contrast-to-noise.
A second‐generation ionic liquid matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization matrix for effective mass spectrometric analysis of biodegradable polymers (2009)

A second generation ionic liquid matrix (ILM), N,N-diisopropylethylammonium alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (DEA-CHCA), was developed for the characterization of polar biodegradable polymers. It is compared with five solid matrices typically used for the characterization of these polymers and one other new ILM. It is shown that use of the ILM, DEA-CHCA, allows maximum signal with minimum laser intensity which minimizes polymer degradation. In these conditions, the DEA-CHCA ILM is able to assist in the ionization of analytes in an efficient but soft manner. These qualities produce spectra that allow an accurate and sensitive determination of the number average molecular weights, weight average m.w., and polydispersity index of labile polar polymers. With such polymers, many solid matrices produce spectra showing extensive polymer degradation leading to the underestimation of molecular weights. The distribution of intact analyte peaks obtained with the ILM DEA-CHCA allows for identification of the fine structure of complex copolymers. ILMs were much less susceptible to effects of extraction delay times on molecular weight determination than were solid matrices. The liquid nature of the matrix is an important reason for the outstanding results obtained for labile analyte polymers. No comparable results could be obtained with any known solid matrices or other ILMs. In many cases, the manufacturers' listed molecular weights and polydispersity measurements for biodegradable polymers are determined by size-exclusion chromatography and the data obtained by that method may differ considerably from the high-precision matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) results presented here.
Factors influencing contralateral neck metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (2012)

Neck lymph node metastasis is the most critical factor influencing survival and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The risk factors for contralateral neck metastasis are still controversial. To identify the risk factors of contralateral neck metastasis of OSCC. The 683 previously untreated OSCC patients managed at the China Medical University Hospital from January 1997 to December 2006 were reviewed. We statically analyzed the risk factors potentially related to contralateral neck lymph node metastasis. Mouth floor invasion and midline crossing tumors were statistically significant for the presence of pretreatment cN2c. Midline-crossing tumors had statistically significant impact on the presence of pathologic contralateral neck lymph node metastasis (pN2c). Mouth floor invasion and poorly differentiated tumor showed statistically significant impact on contralateral neck relapse for OSCC patients who underwent only ispilateral neck dissection. Poorly differentiated tumor showed statistically significant impact on contralateral neck relapse for patients with contralateral neck dissection. Mouth floor invasion, midline crossing tumors, poorly differentiated tumors had a high risk in contralateral neck metastasis.
Wideband Simulations of Periodic Structures by the Hybrid Spectral FDTD/TD-VFz Method (2022)

The spectral finite-difference time-domain method is combined with the discrete-time time-domain vector fitting (TD-VFz) algorithm to analyze three-dimensional (3-D) periodic structures excited by oblique incident plane waves over a wide frequency band. The time signal reconstruction with TD-VFz produces an untruncated response over an infinite time window allowing an accurate spectral result, especially near the cutoff frequency separating the spectrum propagating wave region of the evanescent wave region.
PagP Activation in the Outer Membrane Triggers R3 Core Oligosaccharide Truncation in the Cytoplasm of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (2007)

The Escherichia coli outer membrane phospholipid:lipid A palmitoyltransferase PagP is normally a latent enzyme, but it can be directly activated in outer membranes by lipid redistribution associated with a breach in the permeability barrier. We now demonstrate that a lipid A myristate deficiency in an E. coli O157:H7 msbB mutant constitutively activates PagP in outer membranes. The lipid A myristate deficiency is associated with hydrophobic antibiotic sensitivity and, unexpectedly, with serum sensitivity, which resulted from O-antigen polysaccharide absence due to a cytoplasmically determined truncation at the first outer core glucose unit of the R3 core oligosaccharide. Mutational inactivation of pagP in the myristate-deficient lipid A background aggravated the hydrophobic antibiotic sensitivity as a result of losing a partially compensatory increase in lipid A palmitoylation while simultaneously restoring serum resistance and O-antigen attachment to intact lipopolysaccharide. Complementation with either wild-type pagP or catalytically inactive pagPSer77Ala alleles restored the R3 core truncation. However, the intact lipopolysaccharide was preserved after complementation with an internal deletion pagPDelta5-14 allele, which mostly eliminates a periplasmic amphipathic alpha-helical domain but fully supports cell surface lipid A palmitoylation. Our findings indicate that activation of PagP not only triggers lipid A palmitoylation in the outer membrane but also separately truncates the R3 core oligosaccharide in the cytoplasm. We discuss the implication that PagP might function as an apical sensory transducer, which can be activated by a breach in the outer membrane permeability barrier.