gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of State-Estimation Techniques for Spatial, Temporal, and Polarization Diverse Waveforms (2007)

Abstract : A novel radar system design philosophy is presented in which the radar adapts in time as the functional mode and environment evolve. In that context, the main subsystems change to meet performance and functional requirements. Two key aspects of the concept proposed herein are the consideration of the receiver function as a parameter estimation problem, and the selection of the waveform to be transmitted as an optimization problem with information-theoretic criteria. Two new information theoretic for waveform selection in radar and other sensing applications are introduced. One criterion is based on the concept of mutual information, and the other is based on changes in the Fisher information of the received signal. This second criterion is referred to herein as marginal information, to emphasize the fact that it is based on a change in information. Marginal information is itself a novel measure introduced in this work, and is shown to be inherently associated with minimum mean-squared error estimation criteria because Fisher information is related to the Cramer-Rao bound for the estimation error of any unbiased estimator.
Symbolic Integration of Dynamical Systems by Collocation Methods (2006)

Symbolic computational approaches are desirable for many applications and especially for large complex and nonlinear systems. These approaches work well when (a) the user interface is "symbolized" and (b) the underlying computational algorithms are robust. This paper presents advances in both of these areas and for the specific application of numerical integration of large complex nonlinear systems. We present a method for symbolically defining complex nonlinear systems. The methodology includes a human interface for symbolic manipulations of the system model. The system model is symbolically quadratized. The quadratized model is integrated with a numerical method that belongs to the general class of collocating methods. The presented methodologies are superior to previous approaches by the authors using symbolic manipulations and trapezoidal integration. The methodology is illustrated with example systems including converters with saturable inductors, surge arresters and other complex nonlinear systems. The proposed methodology is compared to previous approaches for the purpose of quantifying the advantages
SIMDop: SIMD optimized Bounding Volume Hierarchies for Collision Detection (2019)

We present a novel data structure for SIMD optimized simultaneous bounding volume hierarchy (BVH) traversals like they appear for instance in collision detection tasks. In contrast to all previous approaches, we consider both the traversal algorithm and the construction of the BVH. The main idea is to increase the branching factor of the BVH according to the available SIMD registers and parallelize the simultaneous BVH traversal using SIMD operations. This requires a novel BVH construction method because traditional BVHs for collision detection usually are simple binary trees. To do that, we present a new BVH construction method based on a clustering algorithm, Batch Neural Gas, that is able to build efficient n-ary tree structures along with SIMD optimized simultaneous BVH traversal. Our results show that our new data structure outperforms binary trees significantly.
Frequency and Outcomes of Ad Hoc Versus Planned Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Multicenter Experience (2019)

Ad hoc CTO-PCI occurs more commonly in less complex lesions and is associated with similarly high success rates as planned CTO-PCI in lower J-CTO score lesions, suggesting that ad hoc CTO-PCI may be an acceptable option for experienced hybrid operators in carefully selected cases. Complex cases, as quantified by the J-CTO score, have a higher in-hospital MACE rate and should preferably be performed following proper planning and preparation.
Two-Photon Spin-Polarization Spectroscopy in Silicon-Doped GaAs (2009)

We generate spin-polarized electrons in bulk GaAs using circularly polarized two-photon pumping with excess photon energy (DeltaE) and detect them by probing the spin-dependent transmission of the sample. The spin polarization of conduction band electrons is measured and is found to be strongly dependent on DeltaE. The initial polarization, pumped with DeltaE=100 meV, at liquid helium temperature is estimated to be approximately 49.5%, which is very close to the theoretical value (50%) permitted by the optical selection rules governing transitions from heavy-hole and light-hole states to conduction band states in a bulk sample. However, the polarization pumped with larger DeltaE decreases rapidly because of the exciting carriers from the split-off band.
Chemical shift-based MRI to measure fat fractions in dystrophic skeletal muscle (2013)

FFs, T2 , and T1 were all sensitive to muscle involvement in dystrophic muscle. MRI offered an additional advantage over single-voxel spectroscopy in that the tissue heterogeneity in FFs could be readily determined.
Recent Advances in Radiotherapy Treatment Planning (1991)

Radiation treatment planning is currently in a state of rapid change. Dissatisfaction with past planning technology stems from the growing realization that: (1) Increases in the local regional tumor control rate will increase the cure rate in many malignancies. (2) Even at the best treatment centers geometric tumor misses are commonplace. (3) Traditional constraints on treatment techniques, originally imposed for simplicity and reproducibility, are no longer necessary, and can result in suboptimal treatment. (4) Treatment plans judged "optimal" in two dimensions may be far from optimal when viewed over the entire treatment volume. (5) Lack of treatment reproducibility is also commonplace, and can be demonstrated to adversely affect treatment outcome. On the positive side, recent developments in computer graphics, image processing, radiation physics, and radiation biology are now making it possible to define, design, and deliver sophisticated 3D radiation treatments. However, because many of these technologies are being developed for other disciplines, their applicability to radiation therapy treatment planning is not widely appreciated. We outline the current status and new developments in radiation therapy treatment planning.
DNA Topoisomerase I Inhibitors: Chemistry, Biology, and Interfacial Inhibition (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTDNA Topoisomerase I Inhibitors: Chemistry, Biology, and Interfacial InhibitionYves Pommier*View Author Information Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland* Correspondence address: Bldg. 37, Rm. 5068, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-4255. Telephone: 301-496-5944. Fax: 301-402-0752. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 7, 2894–2902Publication Date (Web):May 29, 2009Publication History Received10 March 2009Published online29 May 2009Published inissue 8 July 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr900097chttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr900097creview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7736Altmetric-Citations573LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Cells,Genetics,Inhibitors,Peptides and proteins,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Towards understanding the origin and dispersal of Austronesians in the Solomon Sea: HLA class II polymorphism in eight distinct populations of Asia‐Oceania (1999)

HLA class II nucleotide sequence polymorphisms were examined in eight ethnic groups of Asia-Oceania using DNA typing methods. Allele frequencies and characteristic DR/DQ haplotypes were determined and compared with those of other populations of Asia-Oceania. Genetic distances were measured to show the genetic relationship within the studied populations as well as between the studied populations and previously published populations. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on HLA allele frequencies using the neighbour-joining method. The populations, mainly Trobriand Islanders, Roro, Tolai, Western Samoans and Taiwanese Aborigines, are characterized by a reduced diversity at the HLA loci examined, especially for DPB1. The high frequency of the 'Asian'-specific DPB1*0501 allele in Trobrianders and Roro, but also in Western Samoans and Taiwanese Aborigines, was the most striking result. The prevalence of DPB1*0501 and the short genetic distance from Trobriander and Roro to Taiwanese Aborigines provide evidence that the origin of the Austronesian odyssey is south-east Asia, and Taiwan could be an important part of it. The relatedness of Trobrianders to the Polynesian population from Western Samoa indicates a probable recent common ancestor. The observed lack of diversity may reflect bottleneck(s) and/or limited diversity of the founding population. Analysis of HLA class I antigens, together with mt-DNA and Y-chromosomal studies, will give us further information about the settlement of the Trobriand and other islands during the colonization of the Pacific.
Complex Event-Participant Planning and Its Incremental Variant (2017)

In recent years, online Event Based Social Network (EBSN) platforms have become increasingly popular. One typical task of EBSN platforms is to help users make suitable and personalized plans for participating in different interesting social events. Existing techniques either ignore the minimum-participant requirement constraint for each event, which is crucially needed for some events to be held successfully, or assume that events would not change once announced. In this paper, we address the above inadequacies of existing EBSN techniques. We formally define the Global Event Planning with Constraints (GEPC) problem, and its incremental variant. We prove that both are NP-hard, and provide approximate solutions. Finally, we verify the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed algorithms through extensive experiments over real and synthetic datasets.
Investigation on the Manufacturing Conditions of Commercially Pure Titanium Seamless Pipes by the Inclined Rolling Process (1997)

The manufacturing conditions of commercially pure titanium seamless pipes by inclined rolling process were investigated on laboratory scale. Elevated temperature torsion test was carried out to alpha forged and beta forged billets. Piercing condition was determined by a model piercing mill. A part of pierced shell was hot rolled and annealed to investigate the possibilities to attain equiaxed structure in the products.The results were summarized as follows.(1)Piercing operation above 1223K is recommendable to avoid low piercing efficiency of the commercially pure titanium, while the material possesses sufficient deformability in beta phase region.(2)Equiaxed structure is obtainable by the piercing operation in beta phase region, followed by rolling in alpha phase region and annealing at 1023K. Piercing operation below 1373K is necessary to achieve equiaxed structure.(3)Fine grain alpha forged material possesses superior deformability at elevated temperature to coarse grain beta forged material. However, the beta forged material possesses sufficient deformability for the piercing operation in beta phase region.
Unconventional Materials Processing Using Spark Plasma Sintering (2021)

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) has gained recognition in the last 20 years for its rapid densification of hard-to-sinter conventional and advanced materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Herein, we describe the unconventional usages of the SPS technique developed in the field. The potential of various new modifications in the SPS technique, from pressureless to the integration of a novel gas quenching system to extrusion, has led to SPS’ evolution into a completely new manufacturing tool. The SPS technique’s modifications have broadened its usability from merely a densification tool to the fabrication of complex-shaped components, advanced functional materials, functionally gradient materials, interconnected materials, and porous filter materials for real-life applications. The broader application achieved by modification of the SPS technique can provide an alternative to conventional powder metallurgy methods as a scalable manufacturing process. The future challenges and opportunities in this emerging research field have also been identified and presented.
Bridge Real-Time Damage Identification Method Using Inclination and Strain Measurements in the Presence of Temperature Variation (2018)

In this paper, a new real-time damage identification method has been presented for bridge structural health monitoring (SHM) considering temperature variation. The method utilizes model-based damage identification that involves three major steps: (1) efficient basis functions—extracted from finite-element (FE) models prior to real-time identification; (2) partial least-squares regression (PLSR) analyses; and (3) the fusion of different types of structural responses into damage indicator. By treating local damages as equivalent vertical loads and then cross-referencing global (inclinations) and local (strain) data, the hidden damage information in bridge structures can be detected and localized in a timely fashion, even in the presence of unknown temperature variation as well as vehicle loads. Inclinations alone cannot reflect local damages, but by fusing inclinations and strains (that represent local damage) into the proposed damage indicator, local damages can be identified. Numerical simulations on a medium-span continuous bridge demonstrate that the proposed method is insensitive to measurement noise and some common modeling errors, revealing the potential of real-time damage identification in bridge SHM applications.
THE ACUTE RESPONSE OF SALIVARY IMMUNOGLOBULIN A TO MODERATE EXERCISE IN WOMEN546 (1996)

There is a general belief that moderate exercise may enhance immune function even though there is little evidence to support this notion. Conversely, salivary immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) levels have been shown to decrease following intense or long duration exercise. To test the hypothesis that moderate exercise may enhance immune function, this study examined the acute response of s-IgA to 30 minutes of walking/jogging on a motorized treadmill under controlled laboratory conditions at 60% heart rate reserve in 30 untrained women. The subjects were screened for recent illness and psychological stress which might alter s-IgA levels. After rinsing the mouth with water, unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected immediately prior to, immediately after and 24 hours after exercise. Saliva samples were immediately frozen (-20°C) and later analyzed using sandwich ELISA to determine s-IgA levels. A repeated measures ANOVA with orthogonal comparisons was used to examine differences in s-IgA levels at the three time points. S-IgA levels increased significantly (p=.007) from 99 ±48.7 (Mean±SD) μg/ml prior to exercise to 113 ±53.8 μg/ml immediately after exercise. Twenty-four hours later s-IgA levels had returned to near resting levels (98 ±49.9 μg/ml). These findings suggest that salivary IgA levels increase after moderate intensity exercise in women and may enhance immune function.
Feature matching for object localization in the presence of uncertainty (2002)

The author focuses on the central problem of image and model feature matching. In particular he defines a model of the geometrical uncertainty of image features, and devises a tractable algorithm for determining all feasible sets of feature correspondences given the uncertainty tolerances. A key insight into the matching problem provided by this work is that the search for a matching should be guided by analysis of (feasible) transformation space rather than the space of feature correspondences. This is because the author is only interested in maximal feasible match-sets and not the exponentially many subsets of them as found by correspondence space search.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Evidence for a Direct Interaction between Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 and Shc (1997)

Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and Shc are two proteins implicated in intracellular signal transduction. They are activated by an increasing number of extracellular signals, mediated by receptor tyrosine kinases, cytokine receptors, and G protein-coupled receptors. In this study we demonstrate that Shc interacts directly with IRS-1, using the yeast two-hybrid system and an in vitro interaction assay. Deletion analysis of the proteins to map the domains implicated in this interaction shows that the phosphotyrosine binding domain of Shc binds to the region of IRS-1 comprising amino acids 583-661. An in vitro association assay, performed with or without activation of tyrosine kinases, gives evidence that tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and Shc drastically improves the interaction. Site-directed mutagenesis on IRS-1 583-693 shows that the asparagine, but not the tyrosine residue of the N625GDY628motif domain, is implicated in the IRS-1-Shc-phosphotyrosine binding interaction. Mutation of another tyrosine residue, Tyr608, also induced a 40% decrease in the interaction. This study, describing a phosphotyrosine-dependent interaction between IRS-1 and Shc, suggests that this association might be important in signal transduction.
DURIP 00 Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) System for Crystallographic Imaging in a SEM (2001)

Abstract : The Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) System was purchased and installed. Training is currently ongoing and the technique is being used to probe a variety of research problems including work support by our AFOSR/DARPA ferroelectric project. Imaging using EBSD is a relatively new, powerful, and elegant characterization technique for measuring micro- to mesostructural crystallography. As part of a SEM system, EBSD involves indexing the Kikuchi patterns formed by electrons backscattered from the sample. Through computer automation, the electron beam is slowly rastered over the sample as the pattern from each spot is analyzed. The result is an image of the microstructure based on crystallographic orientation. It should be noted that this capability has only been commercialized since 1993. EBSD provides sample resolution fine enough to crystallographically index individual grains, while offering a field of view large enough and data processing fast enough to provide statistically significant measurements of texture on either a localized or global basis. This coupling of fine resolution and relatively wide field of view makes it possible to analyze textures in virtually any type of sample from semiconductors, piezoelectrics, geological rocks, etc.
Machine adaptive systems : quarterly report no. 1. (1962)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3969/5/bab6285.0001.001.pdf
Development of silver sensitized germanium selenide photoresist by reactive sputter etching in SF6 (1983)

Silver sensitized germanium selenide/polymer bilevel resist system has been used to pattern structures in SiO2 on silicon. Using reactive sputter etching in an SF6 plasma for developing germanium selenide gives superior results compared to CF4 or CHF3 in terms of sensitivity; 500:1, contrast; 7, and sensitivity; 50 mJ/cm2 at 436 nm. By this method 1-μ lines and spaces and 1-μ contact holes have been defined in germanium selenide. These have been transferred into polymer and SiO2 using standard reactive sputter etching with O2 and CHF3, respectively.
Field theoretical approach for signal detection in nearly continuous spectra associated to tensorial data (2021)

The tensorial principal component analysis is a generalization of ordinary principal component analysis focusing on data which are suitably described by tensors rather than matrices. This paper aims at giving the nonperturbative renormalization group formalism based on a slight generalization of the covariance matrix, to investigate signal detection for the difficult issue of nearly continuous spectra. Renormalization group allows constructing effective description keeping only relevant features in the low energy (i.e. large eigenvalues) limit and thus provides universal descriptions allowing to associate the presence of the signal with objectives and computable quantities. Among them, in this paper, we focus on the vacuum expectation value. We exhibit experimental evidence in favor of a connection between symmetry breaking and the existence of an intrinsic detection threshold, in agreement with our conclusions for matrices, providing a new step in the direction of a universal statement.
Figure S2 from Targeting Fatty Acid Reprogramming Suppresses CARM1-expressing Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;CARM1 regulates FASN and ACC1 expression by recruiting XBP1s to their promoters.&lt;/p&gt;
Atomic H/C Ratio of Kerogen as an Estimate of Thermal Maturity and Organic Matter Conversion (1997)

In recent years, the atomic H/C (hydrogen to carbon) ratio of kerogen as a way to assess the quality of organic matter in source rocks has been overlooked in favor of the more easily determined Rock-Eval hydrogen index. Rock-Eval pyrolysis provides fast, inexpensive, quantitative (mg HC/g rock) data without requiring kerogen isolation from the rock. Because of the general scatter in the data, many source rock interpreters consider Rock-Eval pyrolysis to be a screening analysis. In this paper I describe the benefits of using H/C ratios in source rock evaluations and present new correlations between atomic H/C ratios and thermal maturity, organic matter conversion, and expulsion volumetrics. Atomic H/C ratios of pyrolyzed kerogens have been correlated to the extent of thermal conversion of organic matter for both type I and type II kerogens. The excellent agreement between stoichiometric calculated hydrogen and carbon loss to observed losses from hydrous pyrolysis maturation experiments suggests that kerogen H/C ratios are excellent indicators of thermal maturity for end-member kerogen types. These data also offer a method to estimate percent organic matter conversion, provided that both the initial and present H/C ratios of the kerogen are known. Present H/C ratios can be measured, and initial H/C ratios can be reasonably estimated, from microscopic organic analysis of kerogen. For oil-prone source rocks, typical immature type I kerogens have H/C ratios of 1.35-1.50, whereas type II kerogens have H/C ratios of 1.20-1.35. Correlations of the amount of expelled oil in hydrous pyrolysis experiments to atomic H/C ratio of the spent kerogen offer exploration geologists a quick estimate of oil expulsion volumes. Based on hydrous pyrolysis experiments, measured H/C ratios, and calculated original TOC (total organic carbon) values, first-order volumetric approximations were made on three basins containing mature source rocks. Results compared favorably with published approximate-oil-in-place estimates for the Williston basin (Bakken shale), Los Angeles basin (Nodular shale), and the Illinois basin (New Albany Shale).