gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The DiskSim Simulation Environment Version 4.0 Reference Manual (CMU-PDL-08-101) (2018)

DiskSim is an efficient, accurate and highly-configurable disk system simulator developed to support research into various aspects of storage subsystem architecture. It includes modules that simulate disks, intermediate controllers, buses, device drivers, request schedulers, disk block caches, and disk array data organizations. In particular, the disk drive module simulates modern disk drives in great detail and has been carefully validated against several production disks (with accuracy that exceeds any previously reported simulator). It also includes a MEMS-based storage device module. This manual describes how to configure and use DiskSim, which has been made publicly available with the hope of advancing the state-of-the-art in disk system performance evaluation in the research community. The manual also briefly describes DiskSim’s internal structure and various validation results.
High-temperature superconductivity in the iron pnictides (2008)

A new class of high-temperature superconductors has been discovered in layered iron arsenic compounds. Results in this rapidly moving field may shed light on the still unsolved problem of high-temperature cuprate superconductivity.
Relationship between Relative Water Content, Nitrogen Pools, and Growth of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and P. acutifolius A. Gray during Water Deficit (1999)

Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray is a potential source of stress‐tolerant traits for Phaseolus vulgaris L. through interspecific hybrids. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of water‐deficit stress on vegetative growth, shoot relative water content (RWC), and leaf concentrations of proline, polyamines, and related metabolites in P. vulgaris compared with P. acutifolius . Stress‐induced changes in N metabolism putatively related to stress tolerance have not been investigated previously in P. acutifolius . Replicate pots, each containing three 5‐d‐old plants in 18.9 L of soil with 4 L of available water, were subjected to water deficit by withholding water (terminal drought) or were maintained under well‐watered (control) conditions. Compared with controls, stressed plants of both species accumulated approximately 55% less shoot dry matter. Root dry matter accumulation was inhibited to a greater degree in P. acutifolius (≈ 70% for two genotypes) than in P. vulgaris (14 and 27% for two genotypes). P. acutifolius maintained greater shoot RWC than P. vulgaris . In droughted plants of P. acutifolius , leaf arginine and proline concentrations did not change, total polyamine (Σ agmatine + putrescine + spermidine + spermine) concentrations decreased, and ammonia increased compared with controls. In P. vulgaris , water deficit increased concentrations of arginine (&gt;30%) and proline (&gt;300%), whereas total polyamine and ammonia concentrations did not change compared with controls. In all four genotypes examined, proline concentration was inversely related to RWC ( R 2 0.90). Leaf proline concentration is an indicator of plant water status in Phaseolus but not of tolerance or sensitivity of vegetative growth to water deficit.
Thrombolysis for Suspected Intrapump Thrombosis in Patients With Continuous Flow Centrifugal Left Ventricular Assist Device (2013)

The current recommended anticoagulation regimen during continuous flow centrifugal left ventricular device support is a combination of antiplatelet therapy as well as oral anticoagulation. Despite this, pump thrombosis occurs in rare situations. We report the risk factors and nonsurgical management and outcomes of five patients implanted with continuous flow centrifugal left ventricular assist devices who displayed clinical, hemodynamic, and laboratory features of intrapump thrombosis. This information may support the use of intravenous thrombolytics for suspected pump thrombus in these newer generation devices.
Highly Oleophobic Properties of PEDOP Polymers with Short Perfluorobutyl Chains Separated by Long Alkyl Spacers and Amido Connectors (2013)

In order to find alternatives to long perfluorinated chains, due to their bioaccumulative potentials, in the elaboration of superoleophobic surfaces, an original 3,4‐ethylenedioxypyrrole (EDOP) derivative containing a perfluorobutyl chain ( F ‐butyl) is synthesized and characterized. The F ‐butyl chain is separated from the EDOP moiety by a long undecyl spacer and an amido connector in order to reduce its mobility. The electrodeposition of the corresponding polymer leads to superhydro­phobic and highly oleophobic properties with contact angles of 158.5°, 137.0°, and 129.1° for water, diiodomethane, and hexadecane, respectively. Here, the presence of amido groups seems to specifically increase the oil‐repellent properties in comparison with the water‐repellent properties, due to the polarity of this group. image
Rate equation analysis of microcavity lasers (1989)

We describe the light output properties of single mode lasers having cavity dimensions on the order of the emitted wavelength. A simple rate equation formula is derived for a four-level laser assuming enhanced spontaneous emission into the cavity. These rate equation analyses show that increasing the coupling of spontaneous emission into the cavity mode causes the lasing properties to become quite different from those of usual lasers having cavity dimensions much larger than a wavelength. We find that the lasing threshold disappears, the light emission efficiency increases, relaxation oscillations do not occur, and the dynamic response speed is improved. It is shown that the spontaneous emission rate alteration caused by the cavity plays an essentially important role for these characteristics.
The effect of azobenzene derivatives on UV-responsive organic thin-film transistors with a 2,7-dipentylbenzo[b]benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]thiophene semiconductor (2015)

Azobenzene derivatives with different substituents dramatically impact the photoresponsive behavior of organic thin-film transistors with a benzothiophene semiconductor.
Monoazadien‐Komplexe elektronenarmer Übergangsmetalle, I. Zirconocen(1‐aza‐1,3‐dien)1‐Komplexe: Synthese, Struktur und Reaktionen (1993)

Monoazadiene Complexes of Electron‐Deficient Transition Metals, I. – Zirconocene(1‐aza‐1,3‐diene) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure and Reactions [1] The reduction of Cp 2 ZrCl 2 in THF by Mg in the presence of 1‐aza‐1,3‐dienes 2a–d generates the orange air‐sensitive zirconocene( s ‐ cis ‐1‐aza‐1,3‐diene) complexes 3a–d . 1 H‐and 13 C‐NMR spectral data of 3a–d indicate that the bonding of the heterodiene ligand has σ 2 ,π1‐metallacyclopentene rather than η 4 ‐1‐aza‐1,3‐diene character. No evidence for s‐trans 1‐heterodiene coordination was found in any of the new zirconocene complexes. The molecular structure of 3d has been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, confirming the envelope‐shaped σ 2 ,π1‐type structure also in the solid state. 3b slowly reacts with one molar equivalent of acetophenone to give a seven‐membered oxaazametallacycle ( 4 ) which has a cis 1‐CC bond in the ring. The structure of 4 has been determined by NMR and X‐ray diffraction.
Liposome-Encapsulated Hemoglobin using Film Hydration Processing to form Artificial Red Blood Cells (1993)

Process parameters using a Microfluidizer M110 to produce liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH) were further studied to examine their effect on hemoglobin (Hb) encapsulation efficiency (yield), steady shear viscosity, mechanical stability, and oxygen delivery. Liposome formulation loading ratios of up to 300 mumol of lipid per ml of Hb solution were evaluated; a maximum yield was obtained at 300 mumol/ml. Liposomes containing encapsulated Hb concentrations as high as 15.5 g/100 ml were prepared. LEH particle size distribution, determined from negatively stained whole mount preparations using transmission electron microscopy, resulted in average vesicle sizes for optimal batches of about 155 nm. Steady shear viscosity of LEH (up to 40% by volume) in an isotonic-isooncotic solution of PBS containing either albumin or dextran were evaluated for shear rates to 2000 s-1. Values obtained were generally higher than those of whole blood at all shear rates tested. Little leakage of Hb from liposomes stored in isotonic PBS was observed as a function of storage time and shear rate. Administration of LEH supported life in rats whose hematocrit had been reduced via isovolemic exchange transfusion to levels well below 5%, which was incompatible with survival when exchange transfusion was performed with the isotonic-isooncotic PBS solution.
Birth weight and adult income: An examination of mediation through adult height and body mass (2021)

This paper examines the causal links between early human endowments and socioeconomic outcomes in adulthood. We use a genotyped longitudinal survey (Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study) that is linked to the administrative registers of Statistics Finland. We focus on the effect of birth weight on income via two anthropometric mediators: body mass index (BMI) and height in adulthood. We find that (i) the genetic instruments for birth weight, adult height, and adult BMI are statistically powerful; (ii) there is a robust total effect of birth weight on income for men but not for women; (iii) the total effect of birth weight on income for men is partly mediated via height but not via BMI; and (iv) the share of the total effect mediated via height is substantial, of approximately 56%.
Supplementary Table from HER3 Augmentation via Blockade of EGFR/AKT Signaling Enhances Anticancer Activity of HER3-Targeting Patritumab Deruxtecan in EGFR-Mutated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Table from HER3 Augmentation via Blockade of EGFR/AKT Signaling Enhances Anticancer Activity of HER3-Targeting Patritumab Deruxtecan in EGFR-Mutated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Presence of bacteria capable of PCB biotransformation in stormwater bioretention cells (2021)

Core samples from bioretention cell media as well as surface stormwater sediment samples from seven urban areas were collected to assess the potential for biotransformation activity of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The presence of putative organohalide-respiring bacteria in these samples was studied. Based on extracted DNA, Dehalobacter, Dehalogenimonas and Dehalococcoides were detected. Other organohalide-respiring bacteria like Desulfitobacterium and Sulfurospirillum were not studied. Bacteria containing the genes encoding for biphenyl 2,3-dioxygenase (bphA) or 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase (bphC) were detected in 29 of the 32 samples. These genes are key factors in PCB aerobic degradation. Transcribed bacterial genes from putative organohalide-respiring bacteria as well as genes encoding for bphA and bphC were obtained from the microbial community, thus showing the potential of organohalide respiration of PCBs and aerobic PCB degradation under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions in the surface samples collected at the bioretention site. Presence and concentrations of 209 PCB congeners in the bioretention media were also assessed. The total PCB concentration ranged from 38.4 ± 2.3 ng/g at the top layer of the inlet to 11.6 ± 1.2 ng/g at 20-30 cm at 3 m from the inlet. These results provide documentation that bacteria capable of PCB transformation, including both anaerobic dechlorination and aerobic degradation, were present and active in the bioretention.
Preclinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 6-(4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)oxazol-5-yl)-3-isopropyl-[1,2,4]-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine, a novel and selective p38α inhibitor: identification of an active metabolite in preclinical species and human liver microsomes (2006)

The disposition of 6-(4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)oxazol-5-yl)-3-isopropyl-[1,2,4]-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine (1), a potent and selective inhibitor of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase p38alpha, was characterized in several animal species in support of its selection for preclinical safety studies and potential clinical development. 1 demonstrated generally favorable pharmacokinetic properties in all species examined. Following intravenous (i.v.) administration, 1 exhibited low volumes of distribution at steady state (Vd(ss)) ranging from 0.4-1.3 l/kg (2.4-26 l/m(2)) in the rat, dog and monkey. Systemic plasma clearance was low in cynomolgus monkeys (6.00 ml/min/kg, 72.0 ml/min/m(2)) and Sprague-Dawley rats (7.65+/-1.08 ml/min/kg, 45.9+/-6.48 ml/min/m(2) in male rats and 3.15+/-0.27 ml/min/kg, 18.9+/-1.62 ml/min/m(2) in female rats) and moderate in beagle dogs (12.3+/-5.1 ml/min/kg, 246+/-102 ml/min/m(2)) resulting in plasma half-lives ranging from 1 to 5 h in preclinical species. Moderate to high bioavailability of 1 was observed in rats (30-65%), dogs (87%) and monkeys (40%) after oral (p.o.) dosing consistent with the in vitro absorption profile of 1 in the Caco-2 permeability assay. In rats, the oral pharmacokinetics were dose dependent over the dose range studied (5, 50 and 100 mg/kg). The principal route of clearance of 1 in rat, dog, monkey and human liver microsomes and in vivo in preclinical species involved oxidative metabolism mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes. The major metabolic fate of 1 in preclinical species and humans involved hydroxylation on the isopropyl group to yield the tertiary alcohol metabolite 2. In human liver microsomes, this transformation was catalysed by CYP3A4 as judged from reaction phenotyping analysis using isozyme-specific inhibitors and recombinant CYP enzymes. Metabolite 2 was also shown to possess inhibitory potency against p38alpha in a variety of in vitro assays. 1 as well as the active metabolite 2 were moderately to highly bound to plasma proteins (f(u) approximately 0.1-0.33) in rat, mouse, dog, monkey and human. 1 as well as the active metabolite 2 did not exhibit competitive inhibition of the five major cytochrome P450 enzymes namely CYP1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4 (IC(50)>50 microM). Overall, these results indicate that the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) profile of 1 is relatively consistent across preclinical species and predict potentially favorable pharmacokinetic properties in humans, supporting its selection for toxicity/safety assessment studies and possible investigations in humans as an anti-inflammatory agent.
Subjects of Speculation: Emergent Life Sciences and Market Logics in the United States and India (2005)

This article traces systems of exchange concerning the life sciences and capital and how they configure subjectivity in the United States and India. This is done through case studies concerning the emergence of personalized medicine in the two locales. In the U.S. case, I argue for the configuration of the subjects of personalized medicine as sovereign consumers; in the Indian case, I argue for their configuration as experimental subjects. I situate these arguments in the context of epistemologies of genomics and the consolidation of systems of speculative capitalism.
Regulation of the Tumor-Suppressor Function of the Class III Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Complex by Ubiquitin and SUMO (2014)

The occurrence of cancer is often associated with a dysfunction in one of the three central membrane-involution processes-autophagy, endocytosis or cytokinesis. Interestingly, all three pathways are controlled by the same central signaling module: the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-III) complex and its catalytic product, the phosphorylated lipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P). The activity of the catalytic subunit of the PI3K-III complex, the lipid-kinase VPS34, requires the presence of the membrane-targeting factor VPS15 as well as the adaptor protein Beclin 1. Furthermore, a growing list of regulatory proteins associates with VPS34 via Beclin 1. These accessory factors define distinct subunit compositions and thereby guide the PI3K-III complex to its different cellular and physiological roles. Here we discuss the regulation of the PI3K-III complex components by ubiquitination and SUMOylation. Especially Beclin 1 has emerged as a highly regulated protein, which can be modified with Lys11-, Lys48- or Lys63-linked polyubiquitin chains catalyzed by distinct E3 ligases from the RING-, HECT-, RBR- or Cullin-type. We also point out other cross-links of these ligases with autophagy in order to discuss how these data might be merged into a general concept.
Community futility policies: the illusion of consensus? (1997)

The longer the problem of medical futility persists, the smaller will be the percentage of difficult futility cases that are resolved entirely between physicians and patients or their surrogates. Like many medical ethics problems, futility has become a matter of institutional, legislative, judicial, and scholarly concern. This is not unusual. What is unusual is the degree to which the issue of futility has been identified as a matter of community concern. For example, a brochure advertising a recent conference titled "A Community Policy on Medical Futility?" included the statement, "We believe that implementation of a consensus community standard embracing the full spectrum of public and professional opinion is the only way to ensure rational and ethical guidelines for medical practice" (Duke University 1995). Efforts across the country to develop community futility policies are underway in Colorado, California, Texas, and elsewhere (see Chapter 14).
Structural precursor to adsorbate-induced reconstruction: C on Ni(100) (1999)

The local structure around adsorbed carbon atoms on Ni(100) has been determined at low coverage as well as in the 0.5 monolayer $(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)p4g$ ``clock'' reconstruction by scanned energy mode photoelectron diffraction. At low coverage, there is no radial strain of the Ni atoms surrounding the adsorbed carbon, contrary to previous suggestions. None of the C-Ni near-neighbor distances are changed by reconstruction, but the Ni-Ni nearest-neighbor distance in the top layer increases significantly, showing that the adsorbate-induced compressive stress is associated with Ni-Ni, rather than Ni-C, repulsion.
Polarization-sensitive optoacoustic tomography of optically diffuse tissues (2008)

Polarization is indicative of material anisotropy, a property that reveals structural orientation information of molecules inside the material. Herein we investigate whether polarization can be detected optoacoustically in scattering and absorbing tissues. Using a laboratory prototype of polarization-sensitive optoacoustic tomography, we demonstrate high-resolution reconstructions of dichroism contrast deep in optically diffusive tissue-mimicking phantoms. The technique is expected to enable highly accurate imaging of polarization contrast in tissues, far beyond the current capabilities of pure optical polarization-imaging approaches.
Electromagnetic Mixing Formulas and Applications (1999)

A definitive treatment of the mathematical analysis of macroscopic dielectric and magnetic properties of geophysical, biological and other materials, including special reference to chiral and nonlinear material, the effects of structure and anistrophy are discussed in detail in this book, along with mixtures involving chiral and nonlinear materials, high-frequency scattering phenomena and dispersive properties.
Adaptive compensation of sensor runout and mass unbalance in magnetic bearing systems (1999)

This paper presents two algorithms: one for sensor runout compensation, and the other for compensation of both sensor runout and mass unbalance in magnetic bearings. The algorithms, developed using Lyapunov's method, guarantee asymptotic stability of the rotor geometric center about the origin and convergence of unknown parameters using persistent excitation. Both algorithms have advantages over existing methods. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate efficacy of the algorithms.
Electromagnetically and optomechanically induced transparency and amplification in an atom-assisted cavity optomechanical system (2019)

We propose an atom-assisted cavity optomechanical system consisting of a single $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$-type three-level atom, a mechanical resonator, and a sideband-driven cavity. The analytic expression of the system's evolution is constructed under the consideration of sideband-driven fields, then steady-state solution of electromagnetically and optomechanically induced transparency and amplification is presented. In the resolved red sideband case, we demonstrate the appearance of electromagnetically and optomechanically induced transparency when the two sets of two-photon resonances are satisfied. Moreover, we set up the eigenstate structure for this atom-assisted cavity optomechanical system, which gives an explicit explanation for the mechanism of the transparency. In the resolved blue sideband case, we can achieve the controllable amplification of the probe light, which is induced by the constructive interactions of photon, atom, and phonon. The proposed scheme offers insight for the tripartite coherent interaction among photons, atoms, and phonons, which will provide great flexibility for phonon storage and motivate the development of quantum information processing.
Geometry engineering for the RF behavior of low-dimensional gate-all-around transistors (2012)

The aim of this work is to show the dependence of the time dependent current of gate-all-around transistors on their geometries and thus to find out how to optimize their intrinsic AC behavior. The Ramo-Shockley-Pellegrini (RShP) theorem and many-particle Monte Carlo technique are used, through the recently developed BITLLES simulator which is devoted to simulate classical and quantum electronic devices, to tackle this problem. Analytical and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations show how the HF spectrum noticeably depends on the ratio between lateral (Ly, Lz) and longitudinal (Lx) dimensions of a gate-all-around transistor.
ChemInform Abstract: Surface Modification of Hydrogen Storage Alloy Electrode with an Alkaline Solution Containing Potassium Borohydride as a Reducing Agent. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of mature embryos of Triticum aestivum and Triticum durum (2006)

Plant regeneration studies in cereals have been undertaken in immature embryos, scutellum and also in immature inflorescence tissue. The wheat mature embryos can also be employed for callusing and regeneration, as they are available throughout the year and have presently been employed for transformation studies. An efficient and reproducible method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of mature embryos of hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and tetraploid pasta wheat (Triticum durum) is reported. Presence of acetosyringone at 200 μM concentration in the bacterial growth medium, inoculation medium and cocultivation medium was essential for achieving a 1.5 – 2.0 fold increase in transient expression of the intr oduced gus gene. Successful generation of T. aest ivum and T. durum transgenic plants at a transformation fr equency ranging from 1.28 to 1.77% has been achieved following 2–3 days co-cultivation using mature embryos and also mature embryo-derived calluses with binary Agrobacterium strain LBA4404 (pBI101 :: Act1) and LBA4404 (p35SGUSINT) respectively. Paromomycin and phosphinothricin served as effective sele ction agents as they did not adversely affect plantlet rege neration. Successful integration as well as in heritance of the transgene was confirmed by Southern hybridization and PCR amplification in T 0 as well as T 1 generation. Optimization of this method facilitated the introdu ction of bar gene as a selectable marker conferring herbicide resistance as well as potato proteinase inhibitor gene (pin2) for insect resistance into wheat.