gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on Binding Modes of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs to COX1 and COX2 as Obtained by Dock4.0. (1999)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which selectively inhibit COX2 without affecting an enzyme activity of COX 1 would be an ideal anti-inflammatory drug. Thus an attempt was made to examine those binding modes of NSAIDs against COX1 and COX2 in terms of hydrogen bond and binding energy by utilizing Dock4.0. It was shown that binding mode to COX2 selective NSAIDs coincided with the result reported in the in vitro study by R.S. Spangler (Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, 26, 435-446 (1996)). Thus, it can be said that there is a fairly good correlation between the Dock4.0 results and those reported in the in vitro study. As far as the binding mode of COX1 selective NSAIDs is concerned one corresponded to the in vitro study reported by R.S. Spangler, another did not and a third presented a mediocre conformity. It was also shown that there existed one to three H-bonds with the net total being at least twelve when NSAIDs such as nabumetone, meclofenamate, niflumic acid, indomethacin, sulindac, and flurbiprofen were bound to COX2. Amino acid residues involved in such hydrogen bonds were Phe A518, Arg A120, Tyr A385, His A90, Tyr A355. Met A522, Ser A353, Gln A192, Leu A352, and Arg A513. Phe A518 and His A90 were reported by R. G. Kurumbail et al. (Nature, 384, 644-648 (1996)) but the rest of the amino acid residues were not.
Enumeration of Salmonellae in Table Eggs, Pasteurized Egg Products, and Egg-Containing Dishes by Using Quantitative Real-Time PCR (2013)

Salmonellae are a major cause of food-borne outbreaks in Europe, with eggs and egg products being identified as major sources. Due to the low levels of salmonellae in eggs and egg products, direct quantification is difficult. In the present study, enrichment quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was employed for enumeration of salmonellae in different matrices: table eggs, pasteurized egg products, and egg-containing dishes. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and S. enterica serovar Tennessee were used to artificially contaminate these matrices. The results showed a linear regression between the numbers of salmonellae and the quantification cycle (Cq) values for all matrices used, with the exception of pasteurized egg white. Standard curves were constructed by using both stationary-phase cells and heat-stressed cells, with similar results. Finally, this method was used to evaluate the fate of salmonellae in two egg-containing dishes, long egg and tiramisu, at abused refrigeration temperatures, and results indicated the growth of bacteria over a 1-week period. In conclusion, enrichment qPCR was shown to be reliable for enumeration of salmonellae in different egg products.
A new efficient selective repeat protocol for point-to-multipoint communication (2002)

Selective repeat automatic-repeat-request (ARQ) protocols for use in a point-to-multipoint communication over broadcast links are considered. In this context, a new approach called XOR strategy, based on the selective repeat strategy for capacity enhancement of a communication channel, is suggested. The idea of the XOR selective repeat strategy is to physically combine several blocks negatively acknowledged (NACKed) by different receivers by XORing (i.e., modulo 2 addition) to minimize the number of retransmissions and to increase throughput. Five different implementations of the XOR strategy and the pure selective repeat strategy are compared in terms of throughput. The XOR protocols differ in the applied algorithms for the XORing of NACKed data blocks. The analytical and simulative results show that, in terms of throughput, all five XOR strategies yield remarkably better results than the pure selective repeat.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Computed Tomography of Aortic Wall Calcifications in Aortic Dissection Patients (2014)

As the intima has been torn away by the aortic dissection it is highly likely that CT scans can visualize the calcifications in the tunica media of the aorta.
Administration of Microaggregate Filtered Blood Using a Manual Infusion Pump (1980)

Administration sets containing in-line plastic blood pumps are commonly used to transfuse blood. Flow rates were measured while six units of whole blood and red blood cells were infused through a blood pump administration set coupled to either a large pore 260-micron filter or a 20-micron microaggregate blood filter. Using the same type of blood pump administration system and three units of whole blood, the flow rates achieved by the currently available microaggregate blood filters were compared. Results showed that despite a smaller pore size the 20-micron microaggregate blood filter achieved flow rates that were faster than or equal to those recorded for the larger pore (260-micron) filter. This was attributed to the larger filtration surface area possessed by the smaller pore filter, 140 cm2 versus only 30 cm2 for the 260-micron filter. All of the microaggregate filters studied were able to filter three units of whole blood at flow rates in excess of 80 ml/minute. There was no evidence of blood pump induced hemolysis. We concluded that a manual infusion pump can be used to transfuse microaggregate filtered blood rapidly enough to be acceptable for routine clinical or intraoperative use.
Interactive on-surface signal deformation (2010)

We present an interactive system for the artistic control of visual phenomena visible on surfaces. Our method allows the user to intuitively reposition shadows, caustics, and indirect illumination using a simple click-and-drag user interface working directly on surfaces. In contrast to previous approaches, the positions of the lights or objects in the scene remain unchanged, enabling localized edits of individual shading components. Our method facilitates the editing by computing a mapping from one surface location to another. Based on this mapping, we can not only edit shadows, caustics, and indirect illumination but also other surface properties, such as color or texture, in a unified way. This is achieved using an intuitive user-interface that allows the user to specify position constraints with drag-and-drop or sketching operations directly on the surface. Our approach requires no explicit surface parametrization and handles scenes with arbitrary topology. We demonstrate the applicability of the approach to interactive editing of shadows, reflections, refractions, textures, caustics, and diffuse indirect light. The effectiveness of the system to achieve an artistic goal is evaluated by a user study.
γ-Aminobutyric acids (GABA) and serum GABA/AABA (G/A) ratio as potential biomarkers of physical performance and aging (2023)

Abstract Background: Physical activity maintains musculoskeletal and general overall health. Declining physical performance is the most obvious indicator of declining health with aging. Early identification of declining physical performance using biomarkers would be useful in predicting treatment outcomes and identifying potential therapeutics. Method: As γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a muscle autocrine factor, can function as muscle relaxant and L-α-aminobutyric acid (L-AABA), is a biomarker for malnutrition, and depression, we sought to determine if they may also be useful for monitoring physical performance during aging. Serum levels were quantified in 120 individuals divided by age, gender, and physical capacity into low (LP), average (AP), and high (HP) performers and correlated with physical parameters and performance. Results: Both GABA and the ratio of GABA/AABA (G/A), but not AABA, were highly positively associated with age (Pearson correlations r=0.35, p=0.0001 for GABA, and r=0.31, p=0.0007 for G/A, n=120). GABA showed negative associations in the whole cohort with physical performance (fast gait speed, 6 minute walking test (6MWT), PROMIS score, and SF36 PFS raw score) and with subtotal and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD). L-AABA was positively associated with usual gait speed, 6MWT, total SPPB score, and SF36 PFS raw score in total 120 human subjects, also with 6MWT and SF36 PFS raw score in the 60 male subjects, but no associations were observed in the 60 females. As both GABA and L-AABA appear to be indicative of physical performance, but in opposite directions, we examined the G/A ratio. Unlike GABA, the G/A ratio showed a more distinct association with mobility tests such as total SPPB score, usual and fast gait speed, 6MWT, and SF36 PFS raw score in the males, regardless of age and metabolic status. Serum G/A ratio could be potentially linked to physical performance in the male population. Conclusions: All these findings strongly suggest that GABA, L-AABA, and the G/A ratio in human serum may be useful markers to link with age and physical function. Taking these aminobutyric acids into consideration may significantly enhance the goal of identifying universal biomarkers to accurately predict physical performance and the beneficial effects of exercise on aging.
Weathering Durability of Cotton Fabrics Treated with APO-THPC Flame Retardant (1966)

The influence of APO/THPC mole ratio on durability of flame retarclancy, resin retention, and strength retention of treated cotton fabric was determined by means of natural and artificial weathering tests. In both types of weathering, the use of photo active dyes as a means of accelerating the tests was studied. APO/THPC mole ratios of 2 : 1-8; 1 gave greater durability of APO-THPC resin and flame retardancy than did the standard I : 1 ratio. Photoactive dyes accelerated outdoor weathering by as much as fivefold, without obscuring the effect of mole ratio on resin durability. Predyeing was more effective than afterdyeing in causing accelerated weathering. Increased APO/ THPC mole ratios also gave increased breaking strength retention during weathering of undyed fabric, but produced no improvement on dyed fabric. These effects also occurred in Weather-Ometer tests made in the presence and absence of photoactive dyes. The APO-Zn(BF 4 ) 2 flame-resistant, wash-wear finish showed improved weathering durability comparable to that obtained from high-mole ratios 'of APO/THPC. The chlorine content of APO-THPC-treated fabric was 81% to 96% of theory at all mole ratios of APO THPC, indicating at least two modes of copolymer formation. The rate at which phosphorus was lost from APO-THPC during weathering was generally equal to the rate of nitrogen loss, expressed in percentage losses/time. The APO-Zn(BF 4 ) 2 finish lost phosphorus more rapidly than nitrogen, indicating a different mode of resin breakdown.
Heart rate variability biofeedback, executive functioning and chronic brain injury (2013)

Results demonstrate an association between regulation of emotions/cognition and HRV training. Individuals with severe, chronic brain injury can modify HRV through biofeedback. Future research should evaluate the efficacy of this approach for modifying behavioural problems.
Improving protein solubility and activity by introducing small peptide tags designed with machine learning models (2020)

Improving catalytic ability of enzymes is critical to the success of many metabolic engineering projects, but the search space of possible protein mutants is too large to explore exhaustively through experiments. To some extent, highly soluble enzymes tend to exhibit high activity due to their better folding quality. Here, we demonstrate that an optimization algorithm based on a regression model can effectively design short peptide tags to improve solubility of a few model enzymes. Based on the protein sequence information, a support vector regression model we recently developed was used to evaluate protein solubility after small peptide tags were introduced to a target protein. The optimization algorithm guided the sequences of the tags to evolve towards variants that had higher solubility. The optimization results were validated successfully by measuring solubility and activity of the model enzyme with and without the identified tags. The solubility of one protein (tyrosine ammonia lyase) was more than doubled and its activity was improved by 250%. This strategy successfully increased solubility of another two enzymes (aldehyde dehydrogenase and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase) we tested. The presented optimization methodology thus provides a valuable tool for improving enzyme performance for metabolic engineering and other biotechnology projects.
Reply to Schmidt et al. : The long and the short of BAG1 (2008)

Understanding the biological basis of social anxiety disorder (SAD), one of the most disabling of the anxiety disorders, will allow for novel treatment strategies to be developed. Here, we show that gut microbiota may be such a target. Mice ...Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a crippling psychiatric disorder characterized by intense fear or anxiety in social situations and their avoidance. However, the underlying biology of SAD is unclear and better treatments are needed. Recently, the gut ...
Sound Field Simulator for Room Acoustic Design and Assessment-Introduction of Wave-Theoretical Treatment to Synthesized Sound (1993)

Wave theoretical treatment is introduced into a multiple loudspeaker arrangement for an auralization system. Wave phenomena play an important role in the recognition of sound field synthesis in a room and the technical limitation concerning this problem is now being solved through the development of hardware. In this sound field simulator, reflected waves are divided in three groups: early and late reflections, late reverberation. The simulated sound is compared with real room measurement
DNA Analysis by Dynamic Chemistry (2010)

Fehlersuche: Eine enzymfreie Methode der DNA-Analyse ermöglicht die Untersuchung von Einzelnucleotidpolymorphismen, Indels und abasischen Positionen mithilfe der Massenspektrometrie als Nachweismethode. Das Verfahren eignet sich für die duale Analyse heterozygoter Proben. PNA=Peptidnucleinsäure Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Smart agile lens remote optical sensor for three-dimensional object shape measurements (2010)

We demonstrate what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first electronically controlled variable focus lens (ECVFL)-based sensor for remote object shape sensing. Using a target illuminating laser, the axial depths of the shape features on a given object are measured by observing the intensity profile of the optical beam falling on the object surface and tuning the ECVFL focal length to form a minimum beam spot. Using a lens focal length control calibration table, the object feature depths are computed. Transverse measurement of the dimensions of each object feature is done using a surface-flooding technique that completely illuminates a given feature. Alternately, transverse measurements can also be made by the variable spatial sampling scan technique, where, depending upon the feature sizes, the spatial sampling spot beam size is controlled using the ECVFL. A proof-of-concept sensor is demonstrated using an optical beam from a laser source operating at a power of 10 mW and a wavelength of 633 nm. A three-dimensional (3D) test object constructed from LEGO building blocks forms has three mini-skyscraper structures labeled A, B, and C. The (x, y, z) dimensions for A, B, and C are (8 mm, 8 mm, 124.84 mm), (24.2 mm, 24.2 mm, 38.5 mm), and (15.86 mm, 15.86 mm, 86.74 mm), respectively. The smart sensor experimentally measured (x,y,z) dimensions for A, B, C are (7.95 mm, 7.95 mm, 120 mm), (24.1 mm, 24.1 mm, 37 mm), and (15.8 mm, 15.8 mm, 85 mm), respectively. The average shape sensor transverse measurement percentage errors for A, B, and C are +/-0.625%, +/-0.41%, and +/-0.38%, respectively. The average shape sensor axial measurement percentage errors for A, B, and C are +/-4.03%, +/-3.9%, and +/-2.01%, respectively. Applications for the proposed shape sensor include machine parts inspection, 3D object reconstruction, and animation.
Monolithic Thin-Film Piezoelectric-on-Substrate Filters (2007)

This paper presents monolithic piezoelectric-on-substrate acoustic filters operating in a wide frequency range. Second order narrowband filters are realized by utilizing coupled resonance modes of a single microstructure. The substrate is selected from materials with high acoustic velocity and low acoustic loss (e.g. silicon) resulting in high Q resonant structures. The unique mechanical coupling technique employed in this work enables fabrication of narrow-band filters with a high out-of-band rejection in a small footprint. We demonstrate narrow-band filters suitable for channel-select applications in IF and RF bands. Filter Q values of 800 at 250 MHz, 470 at 360 MHz, and 400 at 3.5 GHz for small footprint second-order filters are reported. The measured power handling of these devices is high due to the use of high energy density structural material, showing a 0.2 dB compression point of >15 dBm at 360 MHz (limited by the measurement equipment).
Triply Threaded [4]Rotaxanes (2016)

[4]Rotaxanes featuring three axles threaded through a single ring have been prepared through active metal template synthesis. Nickel-catalyzed sp(3)-sp(3) homocouplings of alkyl bromide "half-threads" through 37- and 38-membered 2,2':6',2″-terpyridyl macrocycles generate triply threaded [4]rotaxanes in up to 11% yield. An analogous 39-membered macrocycle produced no rotaxane products under similar conditions. The constitutions of the [4]rotaxanes were determined by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Doubly threaded [3]rotaxanes were also obtained from the reactions but no [2]rotaxanes were isolated, suggesting that upon demetalation the axle of a singly threaded rotaxane can slip through a macrocycle that is sufficiently large to accommodate three threads.
Determination of the Diffusion Coefficient of Protons in Nafion Thin Films by ac-Electrogravimetry (2013)

This letter deals with an adaptation of the ac-electrogravimetry technique to extract separately the dynamic properties of H(+) and water in Nafion nanometric thin films (average thickness of 400 nm). An original theoretical approach was developed to extract the representative parameters from ac-electrogravimetry data. The concentration change of the exchanged species and the diffusion coefficient of the protons in a Nafion nanometric thin film (D = 0.5 × 10(-6) cm(2) s(-1) at 0.3 V vs SCE) were estimated for the first time according to the applied potential. The conductivity value of Nafion thin films was calculated from the Nernst-Einstein equation using diffusion coefficients and concentration values extracted from ac-electrogravimetry data. The calculated conductivity results agree well with the experimental proton conductivity values of Nafion thin films.
Follow-up Formula Consumption in 3- to 4-Year-Olds and Respiratory Infections: An RCT (2014)

Daily consumption of a FUF was associated with fewer episodes and shorter duration of ARI, as well as less antibiotic use. The children who consumed the FUF had increased interleukin-10 and white blood cells, suggesting an antiinflammatory mechanism and/or an increase of effector immune cells.
Simulation of a proposed near-field-to-far-field antenna measurement system (1977)

A new antenna-pattern measurement method for antennas with large far-field distances is proposed. The method is applicable to conventional antenna ranges with two axis mounts and with pattern recording in amplitude only, It requires only a few minor items of additional equipment. A computer simulation has been carried out and the results are presented.
A missense variant in complement factor B (CFB) is a potential predictor of 24‐week off‐treatment response to PegIFNα therapy in Chinese HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients (2020)

CFB rs12614 is an independent predictor of response to PegIFNα therapy in Chinese HBeAg-positive CHB patients. A PGS integrating CFB rs12614 with STAT4 rs7574865 can effectively discriminate responders to PegIFNα from nonresponders.
Etched Laser Filament Tracks in Glasses and Polymers (1973)

Self-focused laser filament tracks in various glasses and polymers were chemically etched to produce conical voids in a manner similar to the etching of charged-particle tracks in these same materials. The etched filament cones were related to the sharpest ${\mathrm{Cf}}^{252}$ fission-fragment cones by roughly the same ratio of cone angle for all the different materials tested. One interpretation of this observation is that the same damage mechanism operative in the charged-particle-track formation, ionization, is also operative in the formation of filament tracks. The sharper cone angle indicates a higher damage intensity for filament formation than for particle-track formation consistent with the theoretical estimates for energy deposition in the two processes. Annealing studies of the filament tracks show that filament-track fading occurs at much higher temperatures than required for the fading of fission tracks for several of the materials. This is qualitatively in agreement with the observation that higher-energy deposition rates from highly ionizing particles result in tracks which require much higher temperatures for track fading than for tracks formed by less-ionizing particles. Etching reveals an important difference of the filament tracks from charged-particle tracks: The surface of the etched cones is not smooth, but varies periodically in diameter along the track (approximately with cylindrical symmetry). Examination of unetched filament tracks with high magnification and reflected light reveals that the filaments contain a rapidly modulated damage component along the length of the track in all the materials tested. The observed periodicity is quite uniform and seems to be characteristic of the material irradiated. The characteristic period length in fused silica, for example, was measured to be 1.5 $\ensuremath{\mu}$. This small-scale periodicity in solids seems to be similar to the periodicity observed by Brewer and Townes for filaments formed in liquids.
On the mechanoelectrical coupling in the cochlear outer hair cell (2000)

Outer hair cell electromotility, a manifestation of the interconnection between the mechanical and electrical processes occurring in outer hair cells, is believed to be an important contribution to the active cochlea. Two modes of mechanoelectrical coupling in the outer hair cell wall are studied: the potential shift caused by mechanical loading under the wall charge preservation conditions and the current (transferred charge) caused by mechanical loading under the voltage-clamp conditions. By using the previously reported elastic moduli of the wall and components of the active force, the potential shift under the charge preservation conditions is derived. This shift is expressed in terms of the wall strains and the active force derivatives with respect to the wall potential. The magnitudes of the potential shift corresponding to the conditions of cell inflation, axial stretch (compression), and the micropipet aspiration are estimated. In the last case, the distribution of the potential shift along the cell wall is also demonstrated. The potential shift can reach -20(-)-40 mV under the conditions of the micropipet aspiration or cell inflation. Such shift is much smaller under the condition of cell stretch (compression). The current and the charge transfer caused by the cell stretch under the voltage-clamp conditions is analyzed, and shows good agreement of predictions with experimental data.