gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Role and Place of Strategic Communication in Countering Terrorism (2012)

Ozellikle ekonomi ve ticaret alaninda rekabet eden kurumlar tarafindan hedef kitleleri analiz ederek itibar saglamak ve musteriye ulasabilmek icin uygulandigi bilinen Stratejik Iletisim kavrami; son yillarda oldukca yayginlasmis, ulusal/uluslararasi guvenlik, politika, terorizmle mucadele alanlarinda da uygulanabilirligi tartisilmaya baslamistir. Ancak, stratejik iletisimin bu yeni alanlarda farkli tanim ve kavramlar yerine kullanilmasiyla dogasi ve kapsaminin anlasilmasi zorlasmis, karisikliklara neden olmustur. Bu karisiklik, bu kavramin cogu zaman dogrudan yumusak guc, kamu diplomasisi, propaganda, bilgi harbi ve psikolojik harekât olarak algilanmasina neden olmustur. Bu calismanin amaci; stratejik iletisim kavramini, uluslararasi duzeyde yapilan calismalar ve uygulamalar isiginda tanimlamak, terorizmle mucadelede nasil uygulanabilecegine dair esaslari analiz etmektir. Bu kapsamda calismanin uygulamaya yonelik ana fikri; terorizmle mucadelede planlama ve icra safhalarinin odak noktasina stratejik iletisim disiplininin konulmasini, ayrica konvansiyonel kinetik yeteneklerin de (askeri guc ve polis gibi) planlamanin yardimci unsuru olarak kullanilmasini onermektir. Calisma, son yillarda sikca tartisilmasina karsin hâlâ pek fazla bilinmeyen stratejik iletisim kavraminin, terorizmle mucadele kapsaminda, gelecek uygulama ve calismalara isik tutacak sekilde analiz edilmesi ve kavram karmasasinin engellenmesine yonelik olmasi, ayrica nasil uygulanabilecegine dair onerme getirmesi bakimindan onem tasimaktadir
Realistic Reflections and Refractions on Graphics HardwareWith Hybrid Rendering and Layered Environment Maps (2001)

We introduce hybrid rendering, a scheme that dynamically ray traces the local geometry of reflective and refractive objects, but approximates more distant geometry by hardwaresupported environment maps (EMs). To limit computation, we use a greedy ray path shading model that prunes the binary ray tree generated by refractive objects to form just two ray paths. We also restrict ray queries to triangle vertices, but perform adaptive tessellation to shoot additional rays where neighboring ray paths differ sufficiently. By using layered, parameterized EMs that are inferred over a set of viewpoint samples to match ray traced imagery, we accurately handle parallax and view-dependent shading in the environment. We increase robustness of EMs by inferring them simultaneously across multiple viewpoints and including environmental geometry that is occluded from the viewpoint sample but is revealed in nearby viewpoints. We demonstrate realistic shiny and glass objects with a user-controlled viewpoint.
Supplementation of l‐arginine boosts the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer chemoimmunotherapy (2020)

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a crucial role in immunosuppression in tumor-bearing hosts. MDSCs express arginase-I and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; they suppress T-cell function by reducing the levels of l-arginine and l-tryptophan, respectively. We examined the anticancer effects of supplementation of these amino acids in CT26 colon carcinoma-bearing mice. Oral supplementation of l-arginine or l-tryptophan (30 mg/mouse) did not affect tumor growth, whereas oral supplementation of d-arginine was lethal. Supplementation of l-arginine showed a tendency to augment the efficacy of cyclophosphamide (CP). CP reduced the proportions of granulocytic MDSCs and increased the proportions of monocytic MDSCs in the spleen and tumor tissues of CT26-bearing mice. l-Arginine supplementation alone did not affect the MDSC subsets. CP treatment tended to reduce the plasma levels of l-arginine in CT26-bearing mice and significantly increased the number of tumor-infiltrating CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. In addition, l-arginine supplementation significantly increased the proportions of tumor peptide-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in draining lymph nodes. Importantly, additional supplementation of l-arginine significantly increased the number of cured mice that were treated with CP and anti-PD-1 antibody. Totally, l-arginine supplementation shows promise for boosting the therapeutic efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy.
Dynamics of a three-terminal mechanically flexible tunneling contact (2001)

The dynamics of a nanoelectromechanical system in the form of a mechanically deformable three-terminal metallic tunneling device is studied by analytical and numerical methods in the absence of single charging effects. The coupling of electronic charge transport to the mechanical degree of freedom leads to a dynamical instability characterized by limit-cycle behavior. Furthermore, the existence of two stable stationary points may lead to directly detectable deterministic chaotic motion.
Distribution of built-in electrical potential in GaInP2/GaAs tandem-junction solar cells (2003)

Distributions of built-in potential in GaInP2/GaAs tandem-junction solar cells were investigated by scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. Two states of potential distribution resulting from flattening of band bending and charge accumulation on either the top or bottom p–n junction were observed under short circuit, depending on the illumination spectra. With an external bias voltage, the voltage change always happened on the junction with the charge accumulation, and the potential distribution between the two states became less sensitive to illumination spectra.
Heterocyclic compounds with a bridgehead nitrogen atom. Synthesis in the imidazo[1,2‐c]quinazoline series (1990)

Abstract The structures of imidazo[1,2‐ c ]quinazolines were reexaminated and established by spectroscopic studies with the aid of high‐field 1 H and 13 C nmr and mass spectra. In acidic media, 3 reacts to give the products of electrophilic substitution reaction and ring opening compound 5 , leading to the imidazo[1,2‐ c ]benzo[ e ]‐[1,2,3]triazine ring.
Negative reinforcement impairs overnight memory consolidation (2014)

Post-learning sleep is beneficial for human memory. However, it may be that not all memories benefit equally from sleep. Here, we manipulated a spatial learning task using monetary reward and performance feedback, asking whether enhancing the salience of the task would augment overnight memory consolidation and alter its incorporation into dreaming. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that the addition of reward impaired overnight consolidation of spatial memory. Our findings seemingly contradict prior reports that enhancing the reward value of learned information augments sleep-dependent memory processing. Given that the reward followed a negative reinforcement paradigm, consolidation may have been impaired via a stress-related mechanism.
Highly accurate barcode and UMI error correction using dual nucleotide dimer blocks allows direct single-cell nanopore transcriptome sequencing (2021)

Abstract Droplet-based single-cell sequencing techniques have provided unprecedented insight into cellular heterogeneities within tissues. However, these approaches only allow for the measurement of the distal parts of a transcript following short-read sequencing. Therefore, splicing and sequence diversity information is lost for the majority of the transcript. The application of long-read Nanopore sequencing to droplet-based methods is challenging because of the low base-calling accuracy currently associated with Nanopore sequencing. Although several approaches that use additional short-read sequencing to error-correct the barcode and UMI sequences have been developed, these techniques are limited by the requirement to sequence a library using both short- and long-read sequencing. Here we introduce a novel approach termed single-cell Barcode UMI Correction sequencing (scBUC-seq) to efficiently error-correct barcode and UMI oligonucleotide sequences synthesized by using blocks of dimeric nucleotides. The method can be applied to correct either short-read or long-read sequencing, thereby allowing users to recover more reads per cell and permits direct single-cell Nanopore sequencing for the first time. We illustrate our method by using species-mixing experiments to evaluate barcode assignment accuracy and evaluate differential isoform usage and fusion transcripts using myeloma and sarcoma cell line models.
Association of menopausal characteristics and risk of coronary heart disease: a pan-European case–cohort analysis (2019)

Earlier and surgical menopause were associated with higher CHD risk. These associations could partially be explained by differences in conventional cardiovascular risk factors. These women might benefit from close monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors and disease.
Melting behavior of ethylene oxide–propylene oxide (sym‐EPE) block copolymers (1973)

Abstract Melting points have been measured for several ethylene oxide–propylene oxide block copolymers ( sym ‐EPE) chosen from the Pluronic range. Melting points of the block copolymers are lower than those of the corresponding poly(ethylene oxide) homopolymer by up to 4°C. The melting point depressions are much smaller than those observed for comparable sym ‐PEP block copolymers.
<title>Finding robust linear expression-based classifiers</title> (2001)

A key goal for the use of gene-expression microarrays is to perform classification via different expression patterns. The typical small sample obtained and the large numbers of variables make the task of finding good classifiers extremely difficult, from the perspectives of both design and error estimation. This paper addresses the issue of estimation variability, which can result in large numbers of gene sets that have highly optimistic error estimates. It proposes performing classification on probability distributions derived from the original sample points by spreading the mass of those points to make classification more difficult while retaining the basic geometry of the point locations. This is done in a parameterized fashion, based on the degree to which the mass is spread. The method is applied to linear classifiers.
Improved Process for Making Dense Vitreous Silica from Submicrometer Particles by Sintering Near 1000°C (1989)

Conventional processes for manufacture of vitreous silica are summarized. The disadvantages of ordinary sintering methods which require too high a firing temperature and of sol–gel systems which self‐destruct on drying are noted. Then a new method for making glassy silica is described which overcomes these problems by mixing fine silica powder with polymer solution, shearing strongly to break down agglomerates, drying, burning out the polymer vehicle followed by firing near 1000°C. The polymer has the combined effect of dispersing the grains of powder to allow facile molding and sintering, while preventig cracking during the drying phase. The properties of the vitreous silica products, and the potential of this process for developing new forms of silica, are discussed.
Lectotypification deFagara mezoneurispinosa(Rutaceae), basionyme deZanthoxylum mezoneurispinosum, espèce endémique de Côte d'lvoire (2009)

Aké Assi L. & Jérémie J. 2009. — Lectotypification de Fagara mezoneurispinosa (Rutaceae), basionyme de Zanthoxylum mezoneurispinosum, espèce endémique de Côte d'Ivoire. Adansonia, sér. 3, 31 (1): 169-174.Lectotypification of Fagara mezoneurispinosa (Rutaceae), basionym of Zanthoxylum mezoneurispinosum, an endemic species from Ivory Coast.Fagara mezoneurispinosa Aké Assi was considered by some authors as synonymous with F. leprieurii Guill. & Perr. A new combination recently established for F. mezoneurispinosa in Zanthoxylum, genus which incorporates most of Fagara, the rehabilitation of this species is confirmed, its lectotypification is done and the main characters distinguishing it from F. leprieurii are reported here.
The Definition and Assessment of Muscular Power (1983)

Considerable confusion still exists in the sports medicine literature concerning the measurement of muscular power and what it represents. Measures of muscular performance cannot be conveniently categorized as "strength " or ''power" on the basis of the contractile velocity employed in the performance task. Given the proper physical definitions and formulations involved in muscular power measurement, it is concluded that although strength (force output) and power (work/time) are quantitatively related, they remain separate physical parameters that can be measured in all dynamic muscular contractions, whether fast or slow. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1983;5(1):7-9.
The architecture of school governance: Rebuilding democratic legitimacy within an academized system (2022)

Successive governments, in embracing a neoliberalist ideology of decentralization and privatization, have radically reformed the nature of community-based, comprehensive state education. The transition from ‘government to governance’ (Rhodes, 1997) combined with the ideology of academization (DfE, 2010a) has created a democratic deficit 1 (Corbett, 1977). Academies are placed outside of local elected scrutiny or community-based accountability systems and governance legitimacy is in crisis (Glatter, 2013). This article explores the problematization of academized governance (Allen and Gann, 2017) with respect to the democratic deficit and the consequential lack of stakeholder engagement – argued as unethical within a democratic society and a system that frequently leads to failings of accountability (Wilkins, 2016). Utilizing the conceptual lens of Empowered Participatory Governance (EPG) (Fung and Wright, 2003), the authors seek to present a new architecture of governance that seeks to restore democratic legitimacy. Democratic governance innovations, the micro-governance network (Allen, 2017) and a refreshed local education board (Gann, 2021) provide a new architecture for a post new governance environment and, in so doing, a counter-narrative to the rhetoric of academization.
Participatory Management of Protected Areas for Biodiversity Conservation and Social Inclusion (2016)

The objective of this paper is to reflect on our experience in a serious game research project, named SimParc, about multi-agent support for participatory management of protected areas for biodiversity conservation and social inclusion. Our project has a clear filiation with the MAS-RPG methodology developed by the ComMod action-research community, where multi-agent simulation (MAS) computes the dynamics of the resources and role-playing game (RPG) represents the actions and dialogue between stakeholders about the resources. We have explored some specific directions, such as: dialogue support for negotiation; argumentation-based decision making and its explanation; technical assistance to the players based on viability modeling. In our project, multi-agent based simulation focuses on the negotiation process itself, performed by human players and some artificial participants/agents, rather than on the simulation of the resources dynamics. Meanwhile, we have also reintroduced the modeling of the socioecosystem dynamics, but as a local technical assistance/analysis tool for the players.
Translating genomic biomarkers into clinically useful diagnostics (2006)

The landmark sequencing of the human genome has ushered in a new field of large-scale research. Advances in understanding the molecular basis of disease have opened up new opportunities to develop genomics-based tools to diagnose, predict disease onset or recurrence, tailor treatment options, and assess treatment response. Although still in the early stages of research and development, genomic biomarker research has the capability of providing a comprehensive insight into pathophysiological processes as well as more precise predictors of outcome not previously attainable with traditional biomarkers. Before genomic biomarkers are incorporated into clinical practice, several issues will need to be addressed in order to generate the necessary levels of evidence to demonstrate analytical and clinical validity and utility. In addition, efforts will be needed to educate health professionals and the public about genomics-based tools, revise regulatory oversight mechanisms, and ensure privacy safeguards of the information generated from these new tests.
Cultured human heart cells: a model system for the study of the antiviral activity of interferons (1987)

Journal Article Cultured human heart cells: a model system for the study of the antiviral activity of interferons Get access R. Kandolf, R. Kandolf Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Kirschner, P. Kirschner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Ameis, D. Ameis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Canu, A. Canu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. H. Hofschneider P. H. Hofschneider Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar European Heart Journal, Volume 8, Issue suppl_J, November 1987, Pages 453–456, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/8.suppl_J.453 Published: 01 November 1987
Low Damage Etching of Polymer Materials for Depth Profile Analysis Using Large Ar Cluster Ion Beam (2009)

In this study, we demonstrate low damage etching of polymer materials for depth profile analysis by using large Ar cluster ion beams. Recently, we have proposed to use keV-energy large cluster ions as primary ions for secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The intensities of molecular ions from the polymer films were kept constant after etching with large Ar cluster ions, though the primary ion fluence exceeded the static limit. These results prove that large cluster ion beam irradiation rarely leads to damage accumulation on the surface of the polymers, and these characteristics as etching beam could be also suitable for other depth profiling techniques. In addition, the surface chemical states of the polymers were measured with X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS). The chemical states of the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) sample etched with Ar atomic ion beams differed significantly from those of the untreated sample, whereas the chemical states were maintained even after etching with large Ar cluster ion beams.
Pixel circuits and driving methods for low-cost LCD TV (2004)

We have proposed novel pixel circuits and driving methods for a-Si TFT-LCDs that can reduce the numbers of both column and row lines to half of those of traditional a-Si TFT-LCDs for a given resolution format. Whereas one pixel of a traditional TFT-LCD is driven by a row line and a column line connected to the gate and the source of the thin film transistor respectively, the proposed novel TFT-LCD allows neighboring four pixels to share a gate line and a data line, thereby reducing the numbers of both column and row lines to half. This leads to halving the numbers of the row and the column driver ICs, cutting down the cost of the driver IC to half. For the full-spec. HDTV (1920/spl times/3/spl times/1080), traditional TFT-LCDs need 12 column driver ICs with 480 outputs and 4 row drivers with 270 outputs. The proposed column-and-row-line sharing method allows the same TFT-LCD to be driven by 6 column driver ICs with 480 outputs and 2 row drivers with 270 outputs, halving the cost of the driver IC.
Influence of Microstructure on the Indentation-Induced Damage in Silicon Carbide (2008)

It is well documented that the microstructure (porosity, grain size, grain boundary composition, etc.) will influence the hardness of a ceramic. However it is not fully understood how these changes may affect the damage that results from the indentation process. In this effort, the density and grain size were varied in silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics. The materials were then subjected to Knoop and spherical indentations. After indentation the resulting damage in each material was assessed, compared, and correlated to the hardness and variations in the microstructure.
A CASE OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA WITH RECURRENT CHOLANGITIS DUE TO INTRADUCTAL GROWTH (1997)

A 53-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent episodes of fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice in August, 1991. There were previous histories of undergoing total gastrectomy, splenectomy, and cholecystectomy for gastric cancer, esophageal varices, and cholelithiasis in 1987, and sphincterplasty for choledocholithiasis in June, 1991. T-Bill level was 8.7mg/dl; D-BIL, 6.4mg/dl; GOT, 82KU; GPT; 59KU; and ICG, 38%, showing obstructive jaundice and hepatic dysfunction. Tumor markers slightly increased such as AFP of 21ng/dl and CA-19-9 of 85U/ml. Ultrasonography, CT-scan, and percutaneus transhepatic cholangiograms revealed a large mass lesion in the common hepatic duct without significant abnormality in the liver. At laparotomy with a diagnosis of primary cancer of the bile duct, the common bile duct was filled with very friable necrotic tumor tissue with a stalk connected to the mucosa of the left intrahepatic duct. Because of his cirrhotic liver, the mass in the bile duct was removed for paliation and choledochoduodenostomy was performed. Histologically the tumor was liver cancer of clear-cell-type. A rare type of presentation of primary liver cancer was reported.
Isolation of Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2010)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes and possess immunomodulatory properties. Amniotic membrane from human term placenta is a potential source of multipotent MSCs that could be useful for regenerative medicine. This unit describes a detailed and simple protocol for the isolation of amniotic mesenchymal cells. We also introduce a simple density separation technique for the purification of this cell type from possible contamination with amniotic epithelial cells.
Accuracy and reproducibility in phase contrast imaging using SENSE (2003)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of phase contrast imaging using the sensitivity encoding (SENSE) method at different reduction factors. Analytical expressions were derived that state how reproducibility is influenced for velocity and flow measurements. Computer simulations, and in vitro and in vivo studies were performed in order to validate these expressions and to assess how accuracy is affected when different reduction factors are applied. It was shown that reproducibility depends on the reduction and geometry factors. Since the geometry factor varies spatially, so does the reproducibility for phase contrast imaging. In areas with high geometry factors, the standard deviation (SD) may become so large that aliasing occurs. The accuracy of phase contrast imaging is not influenced directly when SENSE is used, but may be indirectly influenced due to high SDs of the measured phase that may subsequently cause aliasing. The current results show that it is possible to achieve accurate flow measurements even at high reduction factors. By taking the geometry factor into account, it may be possible to find areas where phase contrast imaging is accurate even at high reduction factors.
Synthesis of Aromatic Polyesters with Pendent Carboxyl Groups from Diphenolic Acid, Bisphenol a and Isophthaloyl Chloride by Interfacial Polycondensation (2011)

Aromatic polyesters bearing pendent carboxyl functionalities were prepared by interfacial polycondensation of diphenolic acid, bisphenol A and isophthaloyl chloride with tetrabutylammonium chloride as phase transfer catalyst. The copolyester composition was confirmed with HPLC analysis. The polymerization process and composition of the copolyesters were examined by considering influences of reaction temperatures, time, ratio of feeds, agitation speeds.
Supplementary Figure from A Phase I Trial of CT900, a Novel α-Folate Receptor–Mediated Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor, in Patients with Solid Tumors with Expansion Cohorts in Patients with High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure from A Phase I Trial of CT900, a Novel α-Folate Receptor–Mediated Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor, in Patients with Solid Tumors with Expansion Cohorts in Patients with High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer