gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Yo Jyo Hen Shi Ko, a novel Chinese herbal, prevents nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in ob/ob mice fed a high fat or methionine–choline‐deficient diet (2007)

Abstract Background: Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Yo Jyo Hen Shi Ko (YHK) is a complex compound purported to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by blocking the propagation of radical‐induced reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the effect of YHK in experimental NASH. Methods: NASH was induced in male ob/ob mice by a high‐fat (HF) diet or methionine/choline‐deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks. YHK‐treated animals received YHK solution orally (20 mg/kg/day) in both experimental diets ( n =6; each group) while control animals received only vehicle. Results: The MCD and HF groups developed moderate diffuse macrosteatosis, hepatocellular ballooning, and a diffuse inflammatory infiltrate. With the addition of YHK, there was a marked reduction in macrosteatosis in both groups. This was associated with decreased lipoperoxide and reduced glutathione–GSH concentrations as well as reduced serum aminotransferases and improved histological markers of inflammation. These changes were also associated with weight loss in the MCD+YHK group and diminished weight gain in the HF+YHK group. Conclusion: YHK therapy blunts the development of macrosteatosis in these models of NASH and significantly reduces markers of oxidative stress. YHK also diminishes weight gain in this obesity prone model. Our findings warrant further study on the mechanisms involved with these effects.
Changes in bone marrow blood flow with aging (1987)

We investigated changes in bone marrow blood flow and histology with aging in rabbits. Bone marrow blood flow was measured by the hydrogen washout method, which was performed in the proximal tibia of Japanese white rabbits, 3-42 months of age. Bone marrow blood flow was found to decrease with age. Histological observations of the proximal tibia identified a decrease in the number of osteoblasts and hematopoietic cells, an increase of the number of empty lacunae, a reduction in bone formation rate, and a degeneration of marrow fat with aging. These results suggest that the decrease of bone marrow blood flow is related to histological changes found with aging.
Chloroheptakis(dimethyl sulfoxide)uranium(IV) trichloride (2002)

In the title complex, [UCl(C(2)H(6)OS)(7)]Cl(3), the uranium metal center is coordinated in a distorted bicapped trigonal prism geometry by seven O atoms from dimethyl sulfoxide ligands and by a terminal chloride ligand. Charge balance is maintained by three outer-sphere chloride ions per uranium(IV) metal center. Principle bond lengths include U-O 2.391 (2)-2.315 (2) A, U-Cl 2.7207 (9) A, and average S-O 1.540 (5) A.
AtPME3, a ubiquitous cell wall pectin methylesterase of Arabidopsis thaliana, alters the metabolism of cruciferin seed storage proteins during post-germinative growth of seedlings (2017)

AtPME3 (At3g14310) is a ubiquitous cell wall pectin methylesterase. Atpme3-1 loss-of-function mutants exhibited distinct phenotypes from the wild type (WT), and were characterized by earlier germination and reduction of root hair production. These phenotypical traits were correlated with the accumulation of a 21.5-kDa protein in the different organs of 4-day-old Atpme3-1 seedlings grown in the dark, as well as in 6-week-old mutant plants. Microarray analysis showed significant down-regulation of the genes encoding several pectin-degrading enzymes and enzymes involved in lipid and protein metabolism in the hypocotyl of 4-day-old dark grown mutant seedlings. Accordingly, there was a decrease in proteolytic activity of the mutant as compared with the WT. Among the genes specifying seed storage proteins, two encoding CRUCIFERINS were up-regulated. Additional analysis by RT-qPCR showed an overexpression of four CRUCIFERIN genes in the mutant Atpme3-1, in which precursors of the α- and β-subunits of CRUCIFERIN accumulated. Together, these results provide evidence for a link between AtPME3, present in the cell wall, and CRUCIFERIN metabolism that occurs in vacuoles.
Analysis of the resonant components inB¯s0→J/ψπ+π− (2012)

The decay ${\overline{B}}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ can be exploited to study $CP$ violation. A detailed understanding of its structure is imperative in order to optimize its usefulness. An analysis of this three-body final state is performed using a $1.0\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ sample of data produced in 7 TeV $pp$ collisions at the LHC and collected by the LHCb experiment. A modified Dalitz plot analysis of the final state is performed using both the invariant mass spectra and the decay angular distributions. The ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ system is shown to be dominantly in an $S$-wave state, and the $CP$-odd fraction in this ${\overline{B}}_{s}^{0}$ decay is shown to be greater than 0.977 at 95% confidence level. In addition, we report the first measurement of the $J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ branching fraction relative to $J/\ensuremath{\psi}\ensuremath{\phi}$ of $(19.79\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.47\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.52)%$.
Fracture Healing Perspectives (1985)

This paper reviews the sequence of histomorphologic changes that occur in and around a fracture site, and discusses recent concepts about the roles of the cells and bone matrical moieties in promoting specific cell transformations during the phases of callus tissue formation and consolidation of the bony cortex. Current knowledge about the roles of autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine polypeptide growth and transforming factors lends new perspectives about this classic problem in bone physiology.
Leucine does not affect mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 assembly but is required for maximal ribosomal protein s6 kinase 1 activity in human skeletal muscle following resistance exercise (2015)

We examined how the stimulatory effect of leucine on the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway is affected by the presence of the remaining essential amino acids (EAAs). Nine male subjects performed resistance exercise on 4 occasions and were randomly supplied EAAs with leucine, EAAs without leucine (EAA-Leu), leucine alone, or flavored water (placebo; control). Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis before and 60 and 90 min after exercise. Biopsies were analyzed for protein phosphorylation, kinase activity, protein-protein interactions, amino acid concentrations, and tracer incorporation. Leucine alone stimulated ribosomal protein s6 kinase 1 (S6K1) phosphorylation ∼280% more than placebo and EAA-Leu after exercise. Moreover, this response was enhanced by 60-75% after intake of EAAs compared with that of leucine alone (P < 0.05). Kinase activity of S6K1 reflected that of S6K1 phosphorylation; 60 min after exercise, the activity was elevated 3.3- and 4.2-fold with intake of leucine alone and with EAAs, respectively (P < 0.05). The interaction between mammalian target of rapamycin and regulatory-associated protein of mammalian target of rapamycin was unaltered in response to both resistance exercise and amino acid provision. Leucine alone stimulates mTORC1 signaling, although this response is enhanced by other EAAs and does not appear to be caused by alterations in mTORC1 assembly.
Improving octree-based occupancy maps using environment sparsity with application to aerial robot navigation (2017)

In this paper, we present an improved octree-based mapping framework for autonomous navigation of mobile robots. Octree is best known for its memory efficiency for representing large-scale environments. However, existing implementations, including the state-of-the-art OctoMap [1], are computationally too expensive for online applications that require frequent map updates and inquiries. Utilizing the sparse nature of the environment, we propose a ray tracing method with early termination for efficient probabilistic map update. We also propose a divide-and-conquer volume occupancy inquiry method which serves as the core operation for generation of free-space configurations for optimization-based trajectory generation. We experimentally demonstrate that our method maintains the same storage advantage of the original OctoMap, but being computationally more efficient for map update and occupancy inquiry. Finally, by integrating the proposed map structure in a complete navigation pipeline, we show autonomous quadrotor flight through complex environments.
Gabapentin Treatment of Mood Disorders (1998)

Gabapentin appears to be somewhat effective as add-on treatment in a subgroup of patients with mood disorders in a naturalistic setting. Prospective, controlled studies are required to clarify these pilot data.
Telehealth for Nutritional Care: A Tool for Improving Patient Flow in Hospitals (2022)

Although the FTF group had a greater overall satisfaction relative to the TH group, TH proved to be a useful tool for dietary counseling.The trial has only Institutional Review Board approval (protocol 2685-16).
<title>Quantitative intracerebral brain hemorrhage analysis</title> (1999)

In this paper a system for 3-D quantitative analysis of human spontaneous intracerebral brain hemorrhage (ICH) is described. The purpose of the developed system is to perform quantitative 3-D measurements of the parameters of ICH region and from computed tomography (CT) images. The measured parameter in this phase of the system development is volume of the hemorrhage region. The goal of the project is to measure parameters for a large number of patients having ICH and to correlate measured parameters to patient morbidity and mortality.
Formulation of multiple diffraction by trees and buildings for radio propagation predictions for local multipoint distribution service (1999)

This paper presents a closed-form expression for multiple forward diffraction by rows of tree canopies and buildings applicable to the propagation predictions at centimeter and millimeter wavelengths for local multipoint distribution service (LMDS). The expression is derived from the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction and physical optics, as well as from some existing models for vegetation and buildings. When the transmitter antennas are sufficiently high, the attenuation of the buildings varies around the value of free space and the building effect is negligible, because a line-of-sight (LOS) propagation path between transmitter and over building-rooftop receiver antennas exists and plays a major role.
Controlled Lithium Dendrite Growth by a Synergistic Effect of Multilayered Graphene Coating and an Electrolyte Additive (2015)

Lithium (Li) metal is the most ideal anode material in lithium ion batteries due to its large theoretical capacity (3860 mAh g(-1)) and low redox potential (-3.04 V vs standard hydrogen potential, H-2/H+). Nevertheless, surface dendrite formation during repeated charge-discharge cycles limits the cycle life and thus its practical use. The research efforts engaging polymer/ceramic coating or electrolyte additives have made noticeable progress, but further improvement is still desirable. Here, we report significantly improved performance by a synergistic effect of multilayered graphene (MLG) coating and Cs+ additive in the electrolyte. MLG separates solid-electrolyte-interphase (SET) formation from Li dendrites and thus stabilizes Coulombic efficiency in each cycle. Cs ions facilitate efficient interlayer diffusion of Li ions by enlarging the interlayer distance of MLG and also assists further for suppression of Li dendrite growth by electrostatic repulsion against Li ions. When paired with a stable sulfur-carbon composite electrode as a high capacity cathode, the Li-sulfur cell delivers an areal capacity of 4.0 mAh cm(-2), a value comparable to those of current commercial lithium ion batteries, with 81.0% capacity retention after 200 cycles.
Active output filter under nonlinear load condition for solar powered unmanned aircraft system (2017)

In this paper a new electric power structure for solar powered unmanned aircraft system is proposed. The presented topology is a prospective improvement to both Solong and Zyphyr models. The proposed UAS model utilized Zyphry UAS by using ac bus-line instead of dc bus-line to supply the propellers. The system involves PV array, lithium sulfur based energy management system, dc bus-line, inverter, active output filter (AOF) and ac bus-line. AOF topology is utilized to reduce the power conversion system size. The system is investigated under nonlinear load condition with closed-loop control strategy. Active compensation resistance technique control is deployed to ensure high quality sinusoidal line voltages. It introduces an emulated resistance in series with H-bridges stage, this active resistance will create an injected voltage across it to damp unwanted harmonics created from the nonlinear load. The obtained simulation results of voltage and current waveforms prove the feasibility and the accuracy of the proposed system.
On the Mechanism of Lead Chalcogenide Nanocrystal Formation (2006)

On the basis of evidence from 31P NMR spectroscopy, and using PbSe as a model, we propose two simultaneous mechanisms through which "monomers" are formed in preparations of lead chalcogenide nanocrystals (NCs). In one mechanism, selenium is delivered as a Se2- species, whereas in the other, Se0 reacts with metal already reduced by the organophosphine. This latter mechanism helps explain the sensitivity of NC preparations to the purity of organophosphines and allows the rational modification of batch NC reactions to increase yield.
A national mixed-mode seroprevalence random population-based cohort on SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in France: the socio-epidemiological EpiCov study (2021)

Summary Background the EpiCov study, initiated at the end of the first national lockdown in France, aimed to provide national and regional estimates of the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to analyze relations between living conditions and the dynamics of the epidemic. We present and discuss here the survey methodology, and describe the first-round fieldwork. Method 371,000 individuals aged 15 years or more were randomly selected from the national tax register, stratified by departments, including three overseas departments, and by poverty level with over-representation of people living below the poverty line. Health, socio-economics, migration history, and living conditions were collected through self-computed-assisted web interviews or via computer-assisted telephone interviews. The first-round survey was conducted in May. A random subsample was eligible to receive material for home blood self-sample on dried blood spot (DBS), in order to detect IgG antibodies against the spike protein (Euroimmun ELISA-S), and neutralizing antibodies for non-negative ELISA-S. For the second-round conducted in November, all respondents were eligible for the antibodies detection from home DBS sample, as well as the other household members aged 6 years or more for 20% of them. Participation and adjustment for nonresponse 134,391 respondents completed the first-round questionnaire from May 2 to June 1, 2020, including 16,970 (12.6%) respondents under the poverty line. Multimodal web/tel interviews was randomly assigned to 20% of the sample. The other were assigned to exclusive CAWI. Overall 17,441 respondents were eligible for home blood sample, among them 12,114 returned the DBS (interquartile date: May 25-June 5). The response probability was first estimated from logit models adjusted on a wide range of auxiliary demographic and socio-economic variables available from the sampling frame, and final weights calibrated to the margins of the population census permitted to correct for a large part of the non-response bias. Conclusion The Epicov study is one of the largest national random population-based seroprevalence cohort, with both an epidemiological and sociological approaches to evaluate the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, and the impact on health and living conditions. One of the major interests of this study is the broad coverage of the socio-economic and territorial diversity of the population.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Variants Isolated from Single Plasma Samples Display a Wide Spectrum of Neutralization Sensitivity (2005)

Individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) harbor a mixture of viral variants with different sequences and in some instances with different phenotypic properties. Major and rapid fluctuations in the proportion of viral variants coexisting in an infected individual can be observed under strong pharmacological and immune selective pressure. Because of the short half-life of HIV-infected cells and of HIV virions in the blood, plasma virus populations are highly relevant to HIV evolution in the face of these selective pressures. Here we analyzed the sensitivity to antibody-mediated neutralization of viral variants coexisting in the plasma virus populations of two infected patients. For each patient, several replication-competent viral clones were constructed that carry primary envelope gene sequences obtained from a single plasma sample. Viral clones differed in their tropism and replicative capacity and in the number and positions of glycosylation sites in the envelope glycoproteins. Viruses were tested against heterologous and autologous sera obtained at different time points. Interestingly, we found that viral variants coexisting in each plasma sample were highly heterogeneous in terms of sensitivity to neutralization. The order of sensitivity depended on the serum used and was not associated with virus tropism. The neutralization potency of sera increased with the duration of the infection for both autologous and heterologous neutralization.
Coordinate up‐regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis as a response to light stress in Synechococcus PCC7942 (2006)

Carotenoid biosynthesis is up-regulated by strong light in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus. By blocking off the pathway at the level of phytoene conversion, light-dependent accumulation of phytoene was observed. Real-time PCR studies demonstrated that four genes of the carotenogenic pathway are under transcriptional control. These were the genes encoding phytoene synthase, phytoene desaturase, zeta-carotene desaturase and beta-carotene hydroxylase. The transcript of the first three follow a similar kinetics, whereas the transcript of beta-carotene hydroxylase increased much faster upon transfer to high light. Promoter activities were determined with transcriptional fusions to chloramphenicol acyltransferase as reporter enzyme. The activity of the promoter of the phytoene desaturase/synthase operon was higher under strong light.
Combination of solid phase extraction and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for rapid analysis (2013)

A surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-active extraction column based on propanethiol modified silver dendrites was fabricated. The column, which combines the advantages of solid phase extraction and SERS, may facilitate the development of rapid analysis with high reliability and accuracy. High temporal stability (under a continuous and intensive laser radiation) and excellent repeatability (repeated extraction and elution) were also achieved using this column. As an example, the quantitative analysis of fluoranthene was accomplished in the concentration range of 0.01-100 μg mL(-1) with this column. The extraction process could be accomplished in 10 s and the total time of one sample analysis including extraction, spectral acquisition, elution and intermediate process could be less than 30 s. This method can greatly simplify the sample preparation and reduce the total analysis time.
Changes in linking (1996)

In this chapter I would like to turn to the diachronic consequences of the theory outlined in the previous chapters. I intend to show that the approach to linking based on restrictiveness provides an elegant way to state generalizations about the relative likelihood of changes. The Optimality Hypothesis introduced in the last section of the last chapter defines what a local simplification would be: the lowering of the restrictiveness of linkers applying to a given argument. If change in linkers is local simplification, then we can, by way of the Optimality Hypothesis, identify decreases in the restrictiveness of linkers applying to arguments as the likely changes.
Expression of cyclin E in resting and activated B‐chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells: cyclin E/cdk2 as a potential therapeutic target (2004)

Disease progression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) is determined by the interplay between proliferation kinetics in the proliferating compartment and cell death in the accumulating compartment. Improving our knowledge of cell cycle regulation in B-CLL cells might therefore be important for identifying therapeutic targets. Cyclin E was detected by Western blotting in purified B-CLL cells from peripheral blood samples of all 12 patient tested but not in normal peripheral blood B cells. While cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (cdk2) expression was similar in different samples, p27 and cyclin E expression was highly variable. We further investigated the regulation of p27, cyclin E and cdk2 in an in vitro model of cycling B-CLL cells. Cyclin E and cdk2 expression was increased in B-CLL cells stimulated with a CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide and interleukin-2, while p27 expression rapidly declined. This was accompanied by the increased formation of cyclin E-cdk2 complexes, which were able to phosphorylate Histone H1 in vitro. Pharmacological inhibition of cdk2 activity with Roscovitine-inhibited thymidine incorporation and Histone H1 phosphorylation. We conclude that further evaluation of cyclin E and p27 in peripheral blood cells might help to identify prognostic subgroups. In addition, inhibition of Cyclin E-cdk2 activity by Roscovitine might be a new therapeutic strategy in B-CLL.
Patient-specific computational flow modelling for assessing hemodynamic changes following fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair (2021)

In a pilot study involving a selective cohort of patients who underwent uncomplicated fEVAR, patient-specific flow modelling was a feasible method for assessing the hemodynamic performance of various two-vessel fenestrated device configurations and revealed subtle differences in computationally derived peak branch pressure and blood flow rates. Structural changes in aortic flow geometry after fEVAR do not seem to affect computationally estimated renovisceral branch perfusion or wall shear stress adversely. Additional studies with invasive angiography or phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging are required to clinically validate these findings.