gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computer-assisted stereotaxic laser resection of intra-axial brain neoplasms (1986)

Computer interpolation of stereotaxic computerized tomography (CT) scanning data allows the transposition of a tumor volume in stereotaxic space. A stereotaxically directed and computer-monitored CO2 laser is then utilized to vaporize that volume as the surgeon monitors the position of a cursor representing the laser beam against planar contours of the tumor displayed on an operating room computer monitor. Computer-assisted stereotaxic laser microsurgery provides precise three-dimensional control for aggressive resection of deep-seated tumors from neurologically important areas with acceptable postoperative results. Thus, a significant cytoreduction can be achieved in addition to providing a tissue diagnosis and internal decompression. The authors report 83 computer-assisted stereotaxic laser procedures for tumor excision in 78 patients. The tumors were located in the thalamus/basal ganglia in 15 patients, ventricular system in five, corpus callosum in four, brain stem in three, and deep and centrally in the hemispheres in 51. Histologically, there were 26 glioblastomas, seven grade III astrocytomas, 14 grade II astrocytomas, 14 metastatic tumors, nine vascular lesions, and eight miscellaneous lesions. Resection of these subcortical lesions was confirmed by postoperative contrast-enhanced CT scanning. Neurological examinations performed 1 week after the 83 procedures revealed that 48 patients had improved from their preoperative level and 23 were unchanged (12 were neurologically normal preoperatively). Twelve patients had an increase in a preoperative neurological deficit, three of whom died in the postoperative period: one from infection, one from pulmonary emboli, and one from brain-stem edema. The average survival period (37.6 weeks) of patients having glioblastomas treated by this technique and irradiation was no different from that of patients having glioblastomas in more favorable locations treated by conventional surgery and irradiation. Patients with circumscribed lower-grade astrocytomas did better in terms of morbidity and completeness of resection than those with infiltrative neoplasms. Other circumscribed lesions, such as metastatic tumors, vascular lesions, and intraventricular tumors, were easily resected by the technique described.
Contribution of lipid-reactive natural killer T cells to obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance (2012)

Obesity is associated with a low-grade, chronic inflammation that promotes the development of a variety of diseases, most notably type 2 diabetes. A number of cell types of the innate and adaptive immune systems have been implicated in this process. Recent studies have focused on the role of natural killer T (NKT) cells, a subset of T lymphocytes that react with lipids, in the development of obesity-associated diseases. These studies have shown that invariant NKT (iNKT) cells, a population of NKT cells expressing a semi-invariant T cell receptor, become rapidly activated in response to lipid excess, and that these cells influence the capacity of other leukocytes to produce cytokines during the progression of obesity. The role of NKT cells in obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance has been investigated using NKT cell-deficient animals, adoptive transfer of NKT cells and an iNKT cell agonist. While divergent results have been obtained, it is now clear that NKT cells can modulate the inflammatory milieu in obesity, suggesting that these cells could be targeted for therapeutic intervention in obesity-associated diseases.
[Intergenus natural genetic transformation between Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis at different growth phase]. (2007)

The culture fluids of Escheriachia coli with shuttle plasmid and Bacillus subtilis strains were mixed and coincubated for 40 minutes after culturing respectively in LB and minimal media. The steadily plasmid transfer by natural genetic transformation between these two gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria has been demonstrated by the methods of selective medium screening, DNase I sensitivity test and plasmid detection. In contrast to MM culture B. subtilis LB culture can be competent and has equivalent transformation frequency. Furthermore, the maximal transformation frequency was obtained when cells in exponential phase served as donors or recipients. It is suggested that B. subtilis solid transformation is different from liquid plasmid transformation including the whole process of DNA plasmid competence producing. Understanding the mechanisms of gene transfer between bacteria may aid in assessing the potential risk associated with the release of recombinant organisms into the environment.
Precision radiometric calibration of space-borne instruments in the spectral region from UV through FIR based on the use of fixed-point blackbodies (2005)

The solution of problems within the nine major directions of research formulated in the 10-year implementation plan for the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) requires that the measurements conducted by all its systems be traceable to a single standard source. The highest requirements for the radiometric measurements follow from the climatology objectives, which include accumulation of data over the time spans of decades. The required accuracy and long- term stability of measurements are • 0.1% and 0.02% per decade within the spectral region from 0.2 µm to 3 µm; • 0.1K and 0.01K per decade within the spectral region from 3 µm to 15 µm. The standard sources required for this level of accuracy and stability should be better than what is available at this time for calibration of space-borne radiometric instruments. Improving the standard sources is one of the objectives pursued by the All-Russian Research Institute for Opto-Physical Measurements as part of its efforts to develop high stability and high accuracy black bodies based on the phase transitions of: • Metal/carbon eutectic (for the 0.2 µm to 3 µm region), and • Pure metals (for the 3 µm to 15 µm region). The report contains a description of the physics and principle design of these radiation sources, a list of models developed by the Institute as well as results of their experimental studies. The unique reproducibility of these radiation sources that is based upon the constancy of the phase transition physical properties along with the ability to reproduce many identical sources based on the phase transition principle opens up a way to develop a single stable radiometric scale for the GEOSS. I. PROBLEM FORMULATION
Metal Oxides and Oxysalts as Anode Materials for Li Ion Batteries (2013)

10.1021/cr3001884
ChemInform Abstract: Adamantylation of Indazole and Its C‐Nitro Derivatives. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electrical characteristics of a Dy-doped HfO2 gate dielectric (2001)

This letter describes a process for the preparation of high-quality Dy-doped HfO2 for use in gate dielectric applications. Compared with conventional undoped HfO2, the HfO2 gate dielectric which contains an optimum concentration of Dy exhibits the lowest leakage current and minimum effective oxide thickness. The lower electronegativity and larger atomic radii of Dy contribute to the improvement in leakage current for Dy-doped HfO2. The Dy-doped HfO2 is a promising gate dielectric layer for use in future high-k gate dielectric applications.
Acoustic Anisotropic Wavefields through Perturbation Theory (2012)

Solving the anisotropic acoustic wave equation in a conventional manner (i.e. finite difference implementation) introduces a number of problems, and sets media restrictions, and it rarely contributes to our ability to resolve the anisotropic parameters. Utilizing perturbation theory in developing the solution of the anisotropic acoustic wave equation allows us direct access to the desired limitations-free solutions, that is solutions perturbed from the elliptical anisotropic background medium. It also provides a platform for parameter estimation as we can isolate the wavefield dependency on the perturbed anisotropic parameters. As a result, I derive approximate phase operators for a spectral domain wavefield extrapolation in transversely isotropic media based on perturbations in the anisotropic parameters. The solutions of the perturbation equations represent the coefficients of a Taylor&apos;s series type expansion of the wavefield as a function of the perturbed parameter, which is in this case the anellipticity parameter and the symmetry axis. The accuracy is relatively high in even inhomogeneous media.
Resonant coupling for light trapping in colloidal quantum dot photovoltaics (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Lead based colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are a promising optoelectronic material system for solar harvesting, as the excitonic peak can be tuned from the visible to the near infra-red. These materials can be manufactured in the solution phase and spin-cast to form dense, cross-linked, semiconductor films on a variety of substrates, reducing the cost of device fabrication. However, like other non-crystalline based semiconductors, these films exhibit short carrier lifetimes and diffusion lengths. Active layers must be kept very thin to ensure efficient extraction of the photogenerated carriers, and device efficiencies will ultimately be limited by absorption. In this work we present a conceptual model of light trapping by resonant mode coupling in thin, mode limited devices. We show that targeting certain guided modes results in larger overall absorption, resulting in two key insights: 1) that a large spatial overlap of the mode profile with the grating is important; and 2) CQD materials have favourable material constants to benefit from absorption in the near-field of plasmonic resonances. Photocurrent enhancements of up to 250% at the exciton peak are achieved by coupling to optimal guided modes, compared with an increase of 25% in the same wavelength region for coupling to non-optimal modes. This result demonstrates that insights gained from an understanding of the mode profile of low mode density optoelectronics can be leveraged to provide tuneable light trapping and dramatically increase the absorption enhancement.
Erratum for Holm et al., Activation of the Contact System at the Surface of Fusobacterium necrophorum Represents a Possible Virulence Mechanism in Lemièrre's Syndrome (2015)

Volume 79, no. 8, p. [3284–3290][1], 2011. Page 3285, column 1, lines 26 and 36: “ gyrA ” should read “ gyrB .”

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1128/IAI.05264-11
On Space Exploration And Human Error - A Paper on Reliability and Safety (2005)

NASA space exploration should largely address a problem class in reliability and risk management stemming primarily from human error, system risk and multi-objective trade-off analysis, by conducting research into system complexity, risk characterization and modeling, and system reasoning. In general, in every mission we can distinguish risk in three possible ways: a) known-known, b) known-unknown, and c) unknown-unknown. It is probable almost certain that space exploration will partially experience similar known or unknown risks embedded in the Apollo missions, Shuttle or Station unless something alters how NASA will perceive and manage safety and reliability.
Pore size assessment during corneal endothelial cells permeabilization by femtosecond laser activated carbon nanoparticles (2015)

International audience
Extent of late gadolinium enhancement detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance correlates with the inducibility of ventricular tachyarrhythmia in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (2010)

The extent of LGE in HCM patients correlated with risk factors of SCD and the likelihood of inducible VT. Furthermore, LGE extent was the only independent predictor of the risk group. This supports the hypothesis that the extent of fibrosis may serve as potential arrhythmogenic substrate for the occurrence of VT, especially in patients with clinical risk factors for SCD.
Efficient semantic features for automated reasoning over large theories (2015)

Large formal mathematical knowledge bases encode considerable parts of advanced mathematics and exact science, allowing deep semantic computer assistance and verification of complicated theories down to the atomic logical rules. An essential part of automated reasoning over such large theories are methods learning selection of relevant knowledge from the thousands of proofs in the corpora. Such methods in turn rely on efficiently computable features characterizing the highly structured and inter-related mathematical statements. In this work we (i) propose novel semantic features characterizing the statements in such large semantic knowledge bases, (ii) propose and carry out their efficient implementation using deductive-AI data-structures such as substitution trees and discrimination nets, and (iii) show that they significantly improve the strength of existing knowledge selection methods and automated reasoning methods over the large formal knowledge bases. In particular, on a standard large-theory benchmark we improve the average predicted rank of a mathematical statement needed for a proof by 22% in comparison with state of the art. This allows us to prove 8% more theorems in comparison with state of the art.
Trigonal Prismatic Cobalt(II) Single-Ion Magnets: Manipulating the Magnetic Relaxation Through Symmetry Control (2020)

Two mononuclear trigonal prismatic Co(II) complexes [Co(tppm*)][BPh<sub>4</sub>]<sub>2</sub> (<b>1</b>) and [Co(hpy)][BPh<sub>4</sub>]<sub>2</sub>·3CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> (<b>2</b>) (tppm* = 6,6',6″-(methoxymethanetriyl)tris(2-(1<i>H</i>-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine; hpy = tris(2,2'-bipyrid-6-yl)methanol) were synthesized by incorporating the Co(II) ions in two pocketing tripodal hexadentate ligands. Magnetic studies indicate similar uniaxial magnetic anisotropy while having distinct dynamic magnetic properties for two complexes, of which <b>1</b> exhibits clear hysteresis loops and Orbach process governed magnetic relaxation with an effective energy barrier (<i>U</i><sub>eff</sub>) of 192 cm<sup>-1</sup>, among the best examples in transition metallic SIMs, about 10 times larger than that of <b>2</b> (<i>U</i><sub>eff</sub> = 20 cm<sup>-1</sup>, extracted by fitting the data to an Orbach relaxation process but there is no real state at this energy). Such pronounced difference is ascribed to the dominant Raman process and quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) in <b>2</b> owing to the structural distortion and symmetry breaking, indicated by a nearly perfect trigonal prismatic geometry (<i>D</i><sub>3</sub> local symmetry) for <b>1</b> and a more distorted configuration for <b>2</b> (<i>C</i><sub>3</sub> local symmetry). <i>Ab initio</i> calculations predict strong axial anisotropy for <b>1</b> with minimal QTM probability, with the transverse component of anisotropy being estimated to be much higher for <b>2</b> than <b>1</b>, leading to a 10-fold lower <i>U</i><sub>eff</sub> value than <b>1</b>.
SHORT NOTICES (1957)

SHORT NOTICES Get access A History of English Drama 1660–1900. By ALLARYDCE NICOLL. Vol. IV: Early Nineteenth Century Drama. Pp. x+668. Cambridge: University Press, 1954. 55s. nett. GEORGE ROWELL GEORGE ROWELL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of English Studies, Volume VIII, Issue 29, 1957, Page 108, https://doi.org/10.1093/res/VIII.29.108 Published: 01 January 1957
Intramolecular Hydrogen Migration in Alkylperoxy and Hydroperoxyalkylperoxy Radicals: Accurate Treatment of Hindered Rotors (2010)

We have calculated the thermochemistry and rate coefficients for stable molecules and reactions in the title reaction families using CBS-QB3 and B3LYP/CBSB7 methods. The accurate treatment of hindered rotors for molecules having multiple internal rotors with potentials that are not independent of each other can be problematic, and a simplified scheme is suggested to treat them. This is particularly important for hydroperoxyalkylperoxy radicals (HOOQOO). Two new thermochemical group values are suggested in this paper, and with these values, the group additivity method for calculation of enthalpy as implemented in reaction mechanism generator (RMG) gives good agreement with CBS-QB3 predictions. The barrier heights follow the Evans-Polanyi relationship for each type of intramolecular hydrogen migration reaction studied.
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Glutathione on Blood Biochemical Changes and Growth Performances of Holstein Calves (2011)

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of glutathione (GSH) on health, solid feed consumption, nutrient intake, body weight gain (BWG), feed efficiency, blood metabolites and the occurrence of diarrhea in Holstein neonatal calves. The calves were fed plain milk as a control (CON) or milk with GSH supplementation. Sixteen calves were separated from their mothers immediately after birth, moved into individual cages and fed colostrum for the first three days. For GSH supplementation, three grams of GSH powder were mixed in 1.8 L of heat-treated milk and placed in a plastic bottle with a rubber nipple. The calves were fed GSH-supplemented milk only once out of four daily feedings. For the first 25 d, calves were fed 1.8 L of milk four times per day. Milk feeding frequency was reduced to three times per day from days 26 to 30, followed by twice a day from days 31 to 44, and once a day from days 45 to 49, after which they were weaned at day 50. Body weight gain (BWG), feed consumption, and growth performance were monitored until day 70. The dietary supplementation of GSH had no effect on daily feed intake and growth performance in growing calves. Hematological results revealed red blood cell distribution width (RDW) was lower, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was significantly higher in calves fed GSH. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentrations were lower in calves fed GSH. Rectal temperature at day 70 was higher in calves that did not receive GSH, while mean frequency of diarrhea and enteritis was less in calves fed GSH. It is concluded from the present study that BW gain, total dry matter intake (DMI), feed efficiency, and breathing rate did not differ between groups. However, there were some positive blood parameters and the mean frequency of diarrhea and enteritis was less in calves fed GSH compared to CON which did not receive GSH. With the results obtained, supplementation of GSH is highly recommended.
Spontaneous Emission of Positronium Negative Ions from Tungsten (100) Surface (2008)

Recently, we have observed spontaneous emission of positronium negative ions from polycrystalline tungsten surface. In the present work, we have extended the study to the emission from tungsten single crystal. The emission from tungsten (100) surface plane has been confirmed. The fraction of positrons yielding the ions at the target surface was ()4102.02.1−×±.
An 19F Magnetic Resonance–Based In Vivo Assay of Solid Tumor Methotrexate Resistance: Proof of Principle (2005)

In principle, the assay method described herein could be implemented in the clinic as a diagnostic tool to make decisions regarding therapeutic protocol for the treatment of osteosarcoma on a case-by-case basis.
DDoS Hide & Seek (2019)

Booter services continue to provide popular DDoS-as-a-service platforms and enable anyone irrespective of their technical ability, to execute DDoS attacks with devastating impact. Since booters are a serious threat to Internet operations and can cause significant financial and reputational damage, they also draw the attention of law enforcement agencies and related counter activities. In this paper, we investigate booter-based DDoS attacks in the wild and the impact of an FBI takedown targeting 15 booter websites in December 2018 from the perspective of a major IXP and two ISPs. We study and compare attack properties of multiple booter services by launching Gbps-level attacks against our own infrastructure. To understand spatial and temporal trends of the DDoS traffic originating from booters we scrutinize 5 months, worth of inter-domain traffic. We observe that the takedown only leads to a temporary reduction in attack traffic. Additionally, one booter was found to quickly continue operation by using a new domain for its website.
Animal Models of Liver Fibrosis (1996)

(1996). Animal Models of Liver Fibrosis. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology: Vol. 31, No. 12, pp. 1137-1143.
Compact, UAV compatible, broadband, uncooled Spectrometer for multi-species atmospheric gas analysis (2020)

We present the realization of the broadband, UAV compatible, atmospheric gas spectrometer developed in the frame of the H2020 FLAIR project, and the preliminary calibration results obtained in the laboratory before field testing.
Collaborative Use of a Shared System Interface: The Role of User Gaze—Gaze Convergence Index Based on Synchronous Dual-Eyetracking (2020)

Gaze convergence of multiuser eye movements during simultaneous collaborative use of a shared system interface has been proposed as an important albeit sparsely explored construct in human-computer interaction literature. Here, we propose a novel index for measuring the gaze convergence of user dyads and address its validity through two consecutive eye-tracking studies. Eye-tracking data of user dyads were synchronously recorded while they simultaneously performed tasks on shared system interfaces. Results indicate the validity of the proposed gaze convergence index for measuring the gaze convergence of dyads. Moreover, as expected, our gaze convergence index was positively associated with dyad task performance and negatively associated with dyad cognitive load. These results suggest the utility of (theoretical or practical) applications such as synchronized gaze convergence displays in diverse settings. Further research perspectives, particularly into the construct’s nomological network, are warranted.
Previously undetected silicosis in New Jersey decedents (2003)

The existence of previously unrecognized silicosis and asbestosis in 19.2% of this study group suggests that occupational lung disease is under-recognized and, hence, undercounted.