gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proarrhythmic electrical remodelling is associated with increased beat-to-beat variability of repolarisation (2006)

Under drug-free circumstances, a persistent high BVR in chronic-AVB dogs is remodelling dependent rather than a direct consequence of bradycardia acutely after AVB. Variability of this slower rate does not influence BVR. Dofetilide causes a transient increase in BVR only in proarrhythmic dogs. Thus, BVR may aid the identification of the TdP-susceptible patient.
Structural Responses to Plasma Disruptions in Toroidal Shells (1985)

The induced pressures, stresses and strains in unrestrained axisymmetric toroidal shells are studied to scope the behavior of tokamak first walls during plasma disruptions. The modeling includes a circuit analog representation of the shell to solve for induced currents and pressures, and a separate quasi-static 1-D finite element solution for the mechanical response.This work demonstrates that the stresses in tokamkak first walls due to plasma disruption may be large, but to first order will not cause failure in the bulk structure. However, stress concentrations at structural supports and discontinuities together with resonant effects can result in large enhancements of the stresses, which could contribute to plastic deformation or failure when added to the already large steady state thermal and pressure loading of the first wall.
Finding related journals online on Google Maps: a bibliometric study based on PubMed�s service of locating similar articles (Preprint) (2018)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Researchers often spend a great deal of time and effort retrieving related articles for their studies and submissions. Article authors often designate one article and then retrieve other articles that are related to the given one using PubMed’s service for finding similar articles. However, to date, none present the pattern seen in selecting related journals as similar to a given journal. Authors need one effective and efficient way to find similar journals to the designated journal selected for a study. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> The aim of this study is to (1) show the location of related journals for a given journal online using Google Maps; (2) to verify the change in those related journals, along with their respective impact factors; and (3) to inspect the features of network density indices among clusters separated by social network analysis (SNA). </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> Using downloaded abstracts from the Medline library for the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) published in 2007 and 2017, we plotted the clusters of related journals on Google Maps by using MS Excel modules, and we compared the features of network density indices. The Kendall coefficient (W) was used to assess the concordance of clusters across indices. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> This study found that (1) the journals related to JMIR are easily presented on Google Maps; (2) no difference was found in the medians of impact factor on related journals between the years of 2007 and 2017 (3.01(2.62–3.40) and 2.55(2.29–2.82), respectively); and (3) All but the ratio indices in 2007 have a statistically significant concordance (p &lt; 0.05). </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> SNA provides deep insight into the relationships of related journals to a given journal. The results of this research can provide readers with a knowledge and concept diagram to use with future submissions to a given journal in the subject category of medical informatics. </sec>
In situ monitoring. (1985)

In situ monitoring has been increasingly accepted during the past five years. This approach has been applied to measurement of gas tensions such as pO2 and pCO2, to pH and ions, to the assessment of jaundice by measurement of bilirubin, and to analysis for 14CO2 after administration of labeled antipyrine and aminopyrine, for evaluation of hepatic damage. Various techniques have been developed for in situ monitoring: transcutaneous measurements, implantable sensors, ingestible radio-sensitive pills, and breath analysis. Here I review some of these approaches and their limitations. These limitations include the sparsity of circumstances under which the technique can be applied and the probable increase in health-care costs.
Structural Characteristics of Seven IL-32 Variants (2019)

IL-32 exists as seven mRNA transcripts that can translate into distinct individual IL-32 variants with specific protein domains. These translated protein domains of IL-32 variants code for specific functions that allow for interaction with different molecules intracellularly or extracellularly. The longest variant is IL-32γ possessing 234 amino acid residues with all 11 protein domains, while the shortest variant is IL-32α possessing 131 amino acid residues with three of the protein domains. The first domain exists in 6 variants except IL-32δ variant, which has a distinct translation initiation codon due to mRNA splicing. The last eleventh domain is common domain for all seven IL-32 variants. Numerous studies in different fields, such as inflammation, autoimmunity, pathogen infection, and cancer biology, have claimed the specific biological activity of individual IL-32 variant despite the absence of sufficient data. There are 4 additional IL-32 variants without proper transcripts. In this review, the structural characteristics of seven IL-32 transcripts are described based on the specific protein domains.
Disk scheduling (1980)

We report on a rather extensive simulation effort directed at evaluating the merits of two scheduling strategies, FCFS and SSTF, for moving-arm disks under stationary request arrival process. For First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) scheduling, analytic results for the mean waiting time are also given (in a closed form). If the objective of a schedule is to minimize the mean waiting time (or queue size) and its variance, the results seem to confirm the overall superiority of Shortest-Seek-Time-First (SSTF), particularly for medium and heavy traffic. This holds also when the input is highly correlated or addresses the cylinders nonuniformly. These results contradict some statements published in recent years. The domain of policies where SSTF is optimal is considered. The simulation methodology is described in some detail.
Low-Pathogenic Influenza A Viruses in North American Diving Ducks Contribute to the Emergence of a Novel Highly Pathogenic Influenza A(H7N8) Virus (2017)

Introductions of low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses of subtypes H5 and H7 into poultry from wild birds have the potential to mutate to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses, but such viruses' origins are often unclear. In January 2016, a novel H7N8 HPAI virus caused an outbreak in turkeys in Indiana, USA. To determine the virus's origin, we sequenced the genomes of 441 wild-bird origin influenza A viruses (IAVs) from North America and subjected them to evolutionary analyses. The results showed that the H7N8 LPAI virus most likely circulated among diving ducks in the Mississippi flyway during autumn 2015 and was subsequently introduced to Indiana turkeys, in which it evolved high pathogenicity. Preceding the outbreak, an isolate with six gene segments (PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NA, and NS) sharing >99% sequence identity with those of H7N8 turkey isolates was recovered from a diving duck sampled in Kentucky, USA. H4N8 IAVs from other diving ducks possessed five H7N8-like gene segments (PB2, PB1, NA, MP, and NS; >98% sequence identity). Our findings suggest that viral gene constellations circulating among diving ducks can contribute to the emergence of IAVs that affect poultry. Therefore, diving ducks may serve an important and understudied role in the maintenance, diversification, and transmission of IAVs in the wild-bird reservoir.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> In January 2016, a novel H7N8 HPAI virus caused a disease outbreak in turkeys in Indiana, USA. To determine the origin of this virus, we sequenced and analyzed 441 wild-bird origin influenza virus strains isolated from wild birds inhabiting North America. We found that the H7N8 LPAI virus most likely circulated among diving ducks in the Mississippi flyway during autumn 2015 and was subsequently introduced to Indiana turkeys, in which it evolved high pathogenicity. Our results suggest that viral gene constellations circulating among diving ducks can contribute to the emergence of IAVs that affect poultry. Therefore, diving ducks may play an important and understudied role in the maintenance, diversification, and transmission of IAVs in the wild-bird reservoir. Our study also highlights the importance of a coordinated, systematic, and collaborative surveillance for IAVs in both poultry and wild-bird populations.
Tool and Process Design for Semi-dry Drilling of Steel: An Innovation for Green Manufacturing (2017)

The current trend in the metal-cutting industry is to find ways to completely eliminate or drastically reduce cutting fluid use in most machining operations. Recent advances in tool and machine technology have made it possible to perform some machining without cutting fluid use or with minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). Drilling takes a key position in the realization of dry or MQL machining. Economical mass machining of common metals (e.g., tool and construction-grade steels) requires knowledge of the work piece characteristics as well as the optimal machining conditions. In this study we investigated the effects of using MQL in drilling 1020 and 4140 steels using HSS tools with different coatings and geometries. The treatments selected for MQL in this study are commonly used by industry under flood cooling for these materials. A full factorial experiment was conducted, and the regression models for both surface finish and hole size were generated. The regression models were then used in a Pareto optimization study, and the trade-off between surface finish and hole size deviation from the nominal size was reported. The results showed a definite increase in tool life and better or very acceptable surface quality and size of holes drilled when usingMQL compared with flood cooling.
Mutational Origin of Machado-Joseph Disease in the Australian Aboriginal Communities of Groote Eylandt and Yirrkala (2012)

A related-extended MJD haplotype shared by Australian aborigines and some Asian families (a Joseph-derived lineage) suggests a common ancestor for all, dating back more than 7000 years.
Oligonucleotide-Enzyme Conjugates (1994)

For nucleic acid hybridizations, the choice of nonisotopic label is constrained by hybridization and wash conditions, the sensitivity needed in the assay, and the detection method. Several recent reviews (, , , ) have summarized methods of labeling synthetic DNA probes. In spite of significant advances in the detection of fluorescent and luminescent labels, enzymes continue to be the most sensitive reporter groups. For most applications, direct enzyme labels offer the best overall performance, with highest sensitivity, least background, and rapid detection. Several enzymes, particularly alkaline phosphatase and horseradish peroxidase, are compatible with standard hybridization conditions, and allow detection by a number of endpoints, including soluble color, dye deposition, fluorescence, and luminescence. Reported methods (5) for the crosslinking of enzymes to cloned double-stranded DNA does not work acceptably for oligonucleotides, giving little or no hybridization.
Towards a Model for the Integration of Time into a Graph-based Key Performance Indicator Analysis (2014)

The analysis of relationships between key performance indicators is one of the challenging tasks in modern business applications. On the one hand, a complex network of key performance indicators, based on sensor data and calculations, is obviously available in technical systems, but on the other hand, the final human decision is based on the information provided by visualization types like dashboards. But in most cases dashboards only cover static information and neglects temporal dependencies. In this paper, we present an approach for the integration of a temporal perspective into a graph-based visualization for the analysis of key performance indicators using multi-level graphs.
Targeting Cancer Stem Cells with Nanoparticle-Enabled Therapies (2012)

Emerging evidence suggests that multiple tumor types are sustained by a small population of transformed stem-like cells that have the ability to both self-renew and give rise to non-tumorigenic daughter cells that constitute the bulk of a tumor. These cells, which generally constitute a minority of the overall cancer cell population, are highly resistant to conventional therapies and persist following treatment, leading to disease relapse and the formation of distant metastases. Therapies that disrupt the maintenance and survival of cancer stem cells are the subject of active current investigation. This review discusses recent approaches to the application of nanomedicine to the targeting and elimination of cancer stem cells. Specifically, recent publications in the areas of nanoparticle-enabled drug and nucleic acid delivery and photothermal therapy are addressed.
Accurate Flow Cytometric Measurement of Bacteria Concentrations (1993)

Accurate measurements of bacteria concentrations are required in numerous studies; they raise methodological problems that complicate, for instance, the investigations of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions. We propose a new flow cytometric method of determining bacteria concentrations by comparison with a standardized fluorescent latex bead solution. Relative counts of beads and bacteria are established in a system using both fluorescence and light scatter for the two types of particles. On the one hand, the latex bead size (0.98 microns in diameter) permits counting on traditional hematological counters and, on the other, a flow cytometric detection with the same conditions for bacteria. The reproducibility of the study of bacteria concentration measurements gave a coefficient of variation of < 5%.
The Role of the Library in the Research Enterprise (2013)

Libraries have provided services to researchers for many years. Changes in technology and new publishing models provide opportunities for libraries to be more involved in the research enterprise. Within this article, the author reviews traditional library services, briefly describes the eScience and publishing landscape as it relates to libraries, and explores possible library programs in support of research. Many of the new opportunities require new partnerships, both within the institution and externally.
Quantifying DDS-cerberus network control overhead (2022)

Abstract Securing distributed device communication is critical because the private industry and the military depend on these resources. One area that adversaries target is the middleware, which is the medium that connects different systems. This paper evaluates a novel security layer, DDS-Cerberus (DDS-C), that protects in-transit data and improves communication efficiency on data-first distribution systems. This research contributes a distributed robotics operating system testbed and designs a multifactorial performance-based experiment to evaluate DDS-C efficiency and security by assessing total packet traffic generated in a robotics network. The performance experiment follows a 2:1 publisher to subscriber node ratio, varying the number of subscribers and publisher nodes from three to eighteen. By categorizing the network traffic from these nodes into either data message , security , or discovery+ with Quality of Service (QoS) best effort and reliable, the mean security traffic from DDS-C has minimal impact to Data Distribution Service (DDS) operations compared to other network traffic. The results reveal that applying DDS-C to a representative distributed network robotics operating system network does not impact performance.
Emergence of Mutant HIV Reverse Transcriptase Conferring Resistance to AZT (1992)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKey Words: : AIDSantiviral chemotherapyAZThuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)reverse transcriptasezidovudine
Crystal structure of BioU (K124A) from Synechocystis sp.PCC6803 in complex with NAD+ and the analog of reaction intermediate, 3-(1-aminoethyl)-nonanedioic acid (2019)

In biotin biosynthesis, the conversion of pimeloyl intermediates to biotin is catalyzed by a universal set of four enzymes: BioF, BioA, BioD and BioB. We found that the gene homologous to bioA, the product of which is involved in the conversion of 8-amino-7-oxononanoate (AON) to 7,8-diaminononanoate (DAN), is missing in the genome of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. We provide structural and biochemical evidence showing that a novel dehydrogenase, BioU, is involved in biotin biosynthesis and functionally replaces BioA. This enzyme catalyzes three reactions: formation of covalent linkage with AON to yield a BioU-DAN conjugate at the ε-amino group of Lys124 of BioU using NAD(P)H, carboxylation of the conjugate to form BioU-DAN-carbamic acid, and release of DAN-carbamic acid using NAD(P)<sup>+</sup>. In this biosynthetic pathway, BioU is a suicide enzyme that loses the Lys124 amino group after a single round of reaction.
Soft tissue sarcomas involving the pelvis (2001)

Soft tissue sarcoma of the pelvis is fortunately a rare disease with a high risk of local and systemic disease progression despite treatment with irradiation and surgical resection.
The Peripheral‐Type Benzodiazepine Receptor Is Present in Astrocytes but Is Not a Primary Site of Action for Convulsants/Anticonvulsants (1994)

High-affinity binding sites for [3H]PK 11195 and [3H]Ro 5-4864 with the properties of the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor were detected in primary cultures of both mouse neocortical and cerebellar astrocytes. The binding sites were enriched in mitochondrial fractions on differential centrifugation. An 18-kDa polypeptide was specifically photolabelled in cerebellar astrocytes by [3H]PK 14105, a photolabel for the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor. However, this polypeptide did not show any reactivity with an antiserum previously raised against the corresponding polypeptide from rat adrenal gland. Various anticonvulsant and convulsant agents were tested for their ability and potency at inhibiting [3H]Ro 5-4864 binding to neocortical astrocytes. Many of these compounds previously reported to be inhibitors of diazepam binding to neocortical astrocytes, proved ineffective in this study. No correlation was observed between convulsant/anticonvulsant potency and ability to inhibit [3H]Ro 5-4864 binding to the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor in these cells. Thus, whereas some convulsants and anticonvulsants might interact with this astrocytic receptor, such a system has no validity as a general screening method for these agents.
GaAs semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistor with a planar-doped barrier gate (1988)

A new GaAs field-effect transistor structure is proposed and demonstrated. The gate electrode consists of an asymmetric planar-doped barrier (PDB) diode which behaves like a metal-semiconductor Schottky contact. The device allows engineering of the gate energy barrier, and optimization of transconductance and gate capacitance for a given application. The larger gate energy barrier in conjunction with the self-aligned nature of the process holds promise for both large signal analog and digital switching applications.
Nuove configurazioni del vetromattone. Simulazioni dinamiche per la valutazionedelle prestazioni ottiche e termiche (2011)

Il vetromattone, se convenientemente “modificato”, può possedere valori di trasmittanza termica sufficientemente bassi da divenire “ammissibili” in tutte le zone climatiche d’Italia, in relazione alla legislazione vigente in tema di rendimento energetico degli edifici. Anche le prestazioni ottiche, misurate mediante i valori del fattore solare e della trasmissione luminosa del visibile, possono essere opportunamente diversificate per soddisfare specifici requisiti derivabili da differenti applicazioni in varie tipologie di edifici. Nell’articolo viene mostrato come è possibile ottenere questi risultati adottando una speciale “cintura termica” ed inserendo nell’intercapedine del vetromattone lastre di vario materiale, opportunamente concepite al fine di ridurre gli effetti della convezione, senza sacrificare eccessivamente le prestazioni ottiche dell’elemento.
How Much Delay Matters? How Time to Treatment Impacts Overall Survival in Early Stage Lung Cancer (2021)

Preoperative physiologic workup and multidisciplinary evaluation were the predominant drivers of longer TTT. Patients with TTT = 0have more favorable presentation and should be considered in TTT analyses for early stage lung cancer populations. The time needed to clinically stage and optimize patients for resection is not deleterious to overall survival until resection is performed after 50 days from diagnosis.
Terminology for the diagnosis of colitis (2005)

Are indeterminate colitis and microscopic colitis useful terms?

During the past few years, there has been a “proliferation” of terms used for the diagnosis of colitis. This reflects the fact that colitis is a complex condition, but the different terminologies are often a source of disagreement between pathologists and clinicians and, at times, can result in misdiagnosis. “Microscopic colitis”, “indeterminate colitis”, and “non-specific colitis” are terms frequently used but not always clear to the clinician. Therefore, it is reasonable for the clinician to abide by the dictum “when I receive a diagnosis of non-specific colitis, I prescribe a non-specific treatment”. However, the clinician may also have insufficient knowledge. The major problem is a vague definition or lack of definition. Non-specific colitis is an acceptable diagnosis when clinical information is lacking. The microscopic picture is characterised by an increase in inflammatory cells beyond what would be expected physiologically in the corresponding anatomical sites. The cellular infiltrate is predominantly chronic, with the absence of architectural distortion and multiple basal lymphoid aggregates or plasma cells immediately above the muscularis mucosae. Crypts may show an increase in mitoses and slight irregularity in shape. Lack of sufficient clinical data or distinctive pathological features precludes further classification into specific aetiological types of colitis.1 Such a pattern can be seen in resolving infections, complicated diverticular disease, drug induced colitis, and bile salt malabsorption, but may also be seen in Crohn’s disease (CD). However, it is impossible to make a positive diagnosis of CD in these circumstances, although in …
A steered response power approach with trade-off prewhitening for acoustic source localization (2018)

This paper proposes a steered response power (SRP) approach with trade-off prewhitening to acoustic source localization. To obtain effective compromise prefiltering of microphone signals, the sparsity of speech amplitude spectrum is used to establish a convex-constraint linear prediction model, which is solved by a split Bregman method. The presented approach unifies the traditional SRP and steered response power via phase transform prefiltering methods and achieves a good compromise between them from the perspective of localization performance. The superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated in noisy and reverberant environments.