gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HMGA2 is the partner of MDM2 in well‐differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas whereas CDK4 belongs to a distinct inconsistent amplicon (2008)

Data concerning the fine structure of the 12q13-15 amplicon which contains MDM2 and CDK4 in well-differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas (WDLPS/DDLPS) are scarce. We investigated a series of 38 WDLPS/DDLPS using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis with 17 probes encompassing the 12q13-15 region. In addition, using quantitative RT-PCR we studied the expression of MDM2, CDK4, DDIT3 (CHOP/GADD153), DYRK2, HMGA2, TSPAN31 and YEATS4 (GAS41) in 11 cases. We showed that CDK4 (12q14.1) belonged to a distinct amplicon than MDM2 (12q15). There was no continuity in the amplified sequences between MDM2 and CDK4. Moreover, while MDM2 was amplified and overexpressed in all cases, CDK4 was not amplified or overexpressed in 13% of cases. The centromeric border of the CDK4 amplicon was located immediately downstream the 5' end of DDIT3, a gene known for being involved in myxoid liposarcoma translocations. DDIT3 was amplified in 3 cases and overexpressed in 9 cases. The overexpression of DDIT3 was correlated to the CDK4 amplification and not to its own amplification status. This suggested that the CDK4 amplicon, as well as the overexpression of DDIT3, might be generated by the disruption of a fragile region in 5' DDIT3. HMGA2 was always amplified and rearranged indicating that it plays a central role in WDLPS/DDLPS. HMGA2 rearrangement frequently resulted in a loss of the 3' end region that is a binding site for let-7. We also found a frequent amplification and overexpression of YEATS4, an oncogene that inactivates P53, suggesting that YEATS4 might play an important role together with MDM2 in WDLPS/DDLPS oncogenesis.
Effects of routine heparin therapy on plasma aldosterone concentration (1991)

Changes in plasma aldosterone, plasma renin activity, plasma cortisol, serum sodium and potassium concentrations were studied in 9 patients with thromboembolic diseases treated with heparin. Heparin was administered at doses of 700-1000 units/h for 7-10 days. Plasma aldosterone decreased from 239 +/- 33 to 114 +/- 25 pmol/l during heparin therapy and returned to basal levels after discontinuation of the therapy. In addition, responses to a low sodium intake (3 g/day) and ACTH were examined in 5 patients during and 2 weeks after heparin therapy. The increase in plasma aldosterone caused by low sodium intake was significantly attenuated during heparin therapy (124 +/- 5% increase from baseline) as compared with that 2 weeks after heparin therapy (148 +/- 7%, p less than 0.05). On the other hand, ACTH stimulated plasma aldosterone similarly during and at 2 weeks after heparin therapy (increase from baseline: 190 +/- 20% vs 193 +/- 9%). These results suggest that heparin decreased plasma aldosterone owing to attenuation of the angiotensin II-induced aldosterone production.
On edge and line linking with connectionist models (1994)

In this paper two connectionist models for mid-level vision problems, namely, edge and line linking, have been presented. The processing elements (PE) are arranged in the form of two-dimensional lattice in both the models. The models take the strengths and the corresponding directions of the fragmented edges (or lines) as the input. The state of each processing element is updated by the activations received from the neighboring processing elements. In one model, each neuron interacts with its eight neighbors, while in the other model, each neuron interacts over a larger neighborhood. After convergence, the output of the neurons represent the linked edge (or line) segments in the image. The first model directly produces the linked line segments, while the second model produces a diffused edge cover. The linked edge segments are found by finding out the spine of the diffused edge cover. The experimental results and the proof of convergence of the network models have also been provided.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
High‐coverage quantitative proteomics using amine‐specific isotopic labeling (2006)

Peptide dimethylation with isotopically coded formaldehydes was evaluated as a potential alternative to techniques such as the iTRAQ method for comparative proteomics. The isotopic labeling strategy and custom-designed protein quantitation software were tested using protein standards and then applied to measure proteins levels associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The method provided high accuracy (10% error), precision (14% RSD) and coverage (70%) when applied to the analysis of a standard solution of BSA by LC-MS/MS. The technique was then applied to measure protein abundance levels in brain tissue afflicted with AD relative to normal brain tissue. 2-D LC-MS analysis identified 548 unique proteins (p<0.05). Of these, 349 were quantified with two or more peptides that met the statistical criteria used in this study. Several classes of proteins exhibited significant changes in abundance. For example, elevated levels of antioxidant proteins and decreased levels of mitochondrial electron transport proteins were observed. The results demonstrate the utility of the labeling method for high-throughput quantitative analysis.
The effect of low-k ILD on the electromigration reliability of Cu interconnects with different line lengths (2003)

We have compared the electromigration performance of Cu electromigration structures with varying line lengths imbedded in two different ILD materials. In the regime of high jL where there is no significant back-stress, we observed that three of the key electromigration parameters (i.e., MTF, n, and /spl sigma/) are constant and approximately equivalent between the two materials. In the regime of lower jL where there is significant back-stress, both materials exhibit similar trends, however, the Cu with low-k material performed relatively worse in terms of MTF and similarly in terms of n and /spl sigma/. That is, while the MTF of Cu with both materials increased with decreasing jL, the MTF of Cu with low-k material was less than that of the Cu with SiO/sub 2/-based material due to lower back-stress at a given jL. Further, while a regime of complete immortality was observed for the SiO/sub 2/-based material, no regime of immortality was observed for the low-k material. The values of n and /spl sigma/ were comparable for both materials, and were constant in the absence of significant back-stress but increased in the presence of significant back-stress. Due to the higher MTFs in the regime of high backstress, MTF is more sensitive to j and L, thereby increasing n as per Black's Law. The increase in /spl sigma/ is a consequence of heightened sensitivity to process variations such as via barrier integrity and CD variation.
Parallel Generative Topographic Mapping: An Efficient Approach for Big Data Handling (2020)

Generative Topographic Mapping (GTM) can be efficiently used to visualize, analyze and model large chemical data. The GTM manifold needs to span the chemical space deemed relevant for a given problem. Therefore, the Frame set (FS) of compounds used for the manifold construction must well cover a given chemical space. Intuitively, the FS size must raise with the size and diversity of the target library. At the same time, the GTM training can be very slow or even becomes technically impossible at FS sizes of the order of 10<sup>5</sup> compounds - which is a very small number compared to today's commercially accessible compounds, and, especially, to the theoretically feasible molecules. In order to solve this problem, we propose a Parallel GTM algorithm based on the merging of "intermediate" manifolds constructed in parallel for different subsets of molecules. An ensemble of these subsets forms a FS for the "final" manifold. In order to assess the efficiency of the new algorithm, 80 GTMs were built on the FSs of different sizes ranging from 10 to 1.8 M compounds selected from the ChEMBL database. Each GTM was challenged to build classification models for up to 712 biological activities (depending on the FS size). With the novel parallel GTM procedure, we could thus cover the entire spectrum of possible FS sizes, whereas previous studies were forced to rely on the working hypothesis that FS sizes of few thousands of compounds are sufficient to describe the ChEMBL chemical space. In fact, this study formally proves this to be true: a FS containing only 5000 randomly picked compounds is sufficient to represent the entire ChEMBL collection (1.8 M molecules), in the sense that a further increase of FS compound numbers has no benefice impact on the predictive propensity of the above-mentioned 712 activity classification models. Parallel GTM may, however, be required to generate maps based on very large FS, that might improve chemical space cartography of big commercial and virtual libraries, approaching billions of compounds.
Development of automated analytical capability for the early detection of diabetes mellitus (1976)

The total profile of volatile metabolites in urine of patients with diabetes mellitus was studied. Because of the drastic abnormalities in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins connected with diabetes it was expected that apart from acetone further characteristic abnormalities occur in the profiles if volatile urinary metabolites in cases of diabetes mellitus. Quantitative and qualitative changes were found in these urines as compared to the urines of normal subjects.
Biosynthesis of Carotenoids and Apocarotenoids by Microorganisms and Their Industrial Potential (2018)

Carotenoids are a large group of natural pigments, ranging from red, to orange, to yellow colors. Synthesized by plants and some microorganisms (e.g., microalgae, fungi and bacteria), carotenoids have important physiological functions (e.g., light harvesting). Apocarotenoids are carotenoid-derived compounds and play important roles in various biological activities (e.g., plant hormones). Many carotenoids and apocarotenoids have high economic value in feed, food, supplements, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. Despite high commercial values, they are severely undersupplied because of low abundance in natural hosts (usually a few milligrams per kilogram of raw materials). Furthermore, plants or microbes usually produce mixtures of these molecules with very similar physical and chemical properties (such as α- and β-carotenes). All these features render the extraction from natural hosts rather difficult and also very costly both from process economics and sustainable land-use viewpoints. Chemical synthesis is also expensive due to structural complexity (e.g., astaxanthin has many unsaturated bonds and two chiral regions). Biotechnology via the rapidly advancing metabolic engineering and synthetic biology approaches has led to alternative ways to attain several carotenoids and apocarotenoids at relatively high titers and yields using fast-growing microorganisms. This chapter briefly reviews the biosynthesis of carotenoids and apocarotenoids by microorganisms and their industrial potential.
[Adipokine profile of Yusho patients]. (2013)

Serum levels of adipokines among Yusho patients and normal controls were measured. Compared with normal controls, serum levels of leptin were significantly lower, while those of RBP4 were significantly higher in Yusho patients. Dioxins may impair production of adipokines from adipose tissue, which would increase the risk to develop lifestyle-related diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
Recommendable Routes to Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Pyridine‐ and Quinolinecarboxylic Acids (2003)

Abstract As part of a case study, rational strategies for the preparation of all ten 2‐, 3‐, or 4‐pyridinecarboxylic acids and all nine 2‐, 3‐, 4‐, or 8‐quinolinecarboxylic acids bearing trifluoromethyl substituents at the 2‐, 3‐, or 4‐position were elaborated. The trifluoromethyl group, if not already present in the precursor, was introduced either by the deoxygenative fluorination of suitable carboxylic acids with sulfur tetrafluoride or by the displacement of ring‐bound bromine or iodine by trifluoromethylcopper generated in situ. The carboxy function was produced by treatment of organolithium or organomagnesium intermediates, products of halogen/metal or hydrogen/metal permutation, with carbon dioxide. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
The hidden subgroup problem and permutation group theory (2004)

We employ concepts and tools from the theory of finite permutation groups in order to analyse the Hidden Subgroup Problem via Quantum Fourier Sampling (QFS) for the symmetric group. We show that under very general conditions both the weak and the random-strong form (strong form with random choices of basis) of QFS fail to provide any advantage over classical exhaustive search. In particular we give a complete characterisation of polynomial size subgroups, and of primitive subgroups, that can be distinguished from the identity subgroup with the above methods. Furthermore, assuming a plausible group theoretic conjecture for which we give supporting evidence, we show that weak and random-strong QFS for the symmetric group have no advantage whatsoever over classical search.
A History of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at Baylor University Medical Center (2004)

By modern standards, the laboratories of a large medical center represent a place for the synthesis and application of the basic sciences to the treatment of patients by engaging in clinical and basic research, performing thousands of procedures daily, and providing discrete teaching programs. These laboratories depend on the institution while the institution and its students, physicians, and patients depend on them.

The laboratories at Baylor University Medical Center (BUMC) have evolved to a fully automated service that uses the latest technology to perform millions of procedures each year for BUMC, hospitals and health centers affiliated with Baylor Health Care System (BHCS), and other hospitals.
Insulin Resistance and Coronary Heart Disease in Nondiabetic Individuals (2012)

The goal of this review was to summarize evidence supporting the view that insulin resistance/compensatory hyperinsulinemia play an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD) in nondiabetic individuals. Results of case-control and epidemiological studies in nondiabetic individuals will be reviewed to examine the link between insulin resistance/compensatory hyperinsulinemia, associated abnormalities, and CHD. The primary focus of the review will be on the central role that dyslipidemia plays in the link between insulin resistance/compensatory hyperinsulinemia and CHD. Additional issues to be addressed include the following: (1) the relationship among obesity, insulin resistance, and CHD; (2) a listing of other abnormalities that contribute to risk of CHD in insulin-resistant individuals; and (3) discussion of the importance of differential tissue insulin sensitivity in the development of abnormalities that increase CHD risk in insulin-resistant, nondiabetic individuals. The information will reflect the author's decision as to what issues are believed to be of particular relevance or less well appreciated concerning the complex relationship between insulin resistance and CHD. Resistance to insulin-mediated glucose disposal and hyperinsulinemia is a common finding in apparently healthy individuals and is associated with a number of abnormalities that greatly increase risk of CHD.
QoS and Channel-Aware Packet Bundling for Capacity Improvement in Cellular Networks (2010)

We study the problem of multiple-packet bundling to improve spectral efficiency in cellular networks. The packet size of real-time data, such as voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), is often very small. However, the common use of time-division multiplexing (TDM) limits the number of VoIP users supported because a packet has to wait until it receives a time slot, and if only one small VoIP packet is placed in a time slot, capacity is wasted. Packet bundling can alleviate such a problem by sharing a time slot among multiple users. A recent revision of cdma2000 1xEV-DO has introduced the concept of the multiuser packet (MUP) in the downlink to overcome limitations on the number of time slots. However, the efficacy of packet bundling is not well understood, particularly in the presence of time-varying channels. We propose a novel quality-of-service (QoS) and channel-aware packet bundling algorithm that takes advantage of adaptive modulation and coding. We show that optimal algorithms are nondeterministic polynomial time (NP)-complete, recommend heuristic approaches, and use analytical performance modeling to show the gains in capacity that can be achieved from our packet bundling algorithms. We show that channel utilization can be significantly increased by slightly delaying some real-time packets within their QoS requirements while bundling those packets with like channel conditions. We validate this paper through extensive OPNET simulations with a complete evolution-data optimized (EV-DO) implementation.
Corporate Finance and Investment: Decisions and Strategies (1993)

This text has a practical orientation with a wealth of realworld examples and case studies. Recommended by the CIMA and ACCA, it includes new material on derivatives, treasury management and restructuring.
2D Airfoil Far-Field Lift and Drag (2014)

This chapter contains sections titled: C.1 Far-Field Model, C.2 Outer Contour Integration, C.3 Mass Conservation, C.4 Momentum Conservation, C.5 Far-Field Lift/Span, C.6 Far-Field Drag/Span
Supplementary Table S1 from Targeting Akt3 Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Using Isoselenocyanates (2023)

Supplementary Table S1 from Targeting Akt3 Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Using Isoselenocyanates
Recommender Systems Clustering Using Bayesian Non Negative Matrix Factorization (2017)

Recommender Systems present a high-level of sparsity in their ratings matrices. The collaborative filtering sparse data makes it difficult to: 1) compare elements using memory-based solutions; 2) obtain precise models using model-based solutions; 3) get accurate predictions; and 4) properly cluster elements. We propose the use of a Bayesian non-negative matrix factorization (BNMF) method to improve the current clustering results in the collaborative filtering area. We also provide an original pre-clustering algorithm adapted to the proposed probabilistic method. Results obtained using several open data sets show: 1) a conclusive clustering quality improvement when BNMF is used, compared with the classical matrix factorization or to the improved KMeans results; 2) a higher predictions accuracy using matrix factorizationbased methods than using improved KMeans; and 3) better BNMF execution times compared with those of the classic matrix factorization, and an additional improvement when using the proposed pre-clustering algorithm.
Anorganische Chemie, Band 1: Elemente, Wasserstoff, Gruppe 1 (2016)

Entstehung und Vorkommen der chemischen Elemente; periodische Eigenschaften der Elemente; Wasserstoff; Elemente der Gruppe 1 (Alkalimetalle)
Salvaging science (2015)

Underwater archaeologist Charles Beeker works to preserve famous wrecks as museums.
Autonomous Inspection of Electrical Transmission Structures with Airborne UV Sensors - NASA Report on Dominion Virginia Power Flights of November 2016 (2017)

The report details test and measurement flights to demonstrate autonomous UAV inspection of high voltage electrical transmission structures. A UAV built with commercial, off-the-shelf hardware and software, supplemented with custom sensor logging software, measured ultraviolet emissions from a test generator placed on a low-altitude substation and a medium-altitude switching tower. Since corona discharge precedes catastrophic electrical faults on high-voltage structures, detection and geolocation of ultraviolet emissions is needed to develop a UAV-based self-diagnosing power grid. Signal readings from an onboard ultraviolet sensor were validated during flight with a commercial corona camera. Geolocation was accomplished with onboard GPS; the UAV position was logged to a local ground station and transmitted in real time to a NASA server for tracking in the national airspace.
Acousto-optic effects of surface acoustic waves in semiconductor quantum well structures (1996)

We report on recent experiments investigating the modification of the inter-band optical response of a piezoelectric semiconductor quantum well structure under the influence of intense short period surface acoustic waves. Experimentally, we study the photoluminescence (PL) of an undoped strained InGaAs/GaAs quantum well on which surface acoustic waves are propagated in the GHz regime. We observe a pronounced influence on the PL, both in intensity as well as in energetic position: Above a critical acoustic power density and corresponding lateral piezoelectric field strength, we observe a quenching of the excitons resulting in a strong decrease of the PL intensity. Using two transducers in a cavity resonator geometry, we can create a standing surface acoustic wave and hence control the nature and efficiency of the acoustic transport of the photoexcited electrons and holes.
Temperature Dependence of the Elastic, Piezoelectric, and Dielectric Constants of Lithium Tantalate and Lithium Niobate (1971)

The elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric constants, and their temperature dependence within the range 0°–110°C, have been determined for single crystals of lithium tantalate and lithium niobate. For each material, the constants were extracted from a combination of many ultrasonic phase-velocity measurements, the measured resonant and antiresonant frequencies of a single length-extensional bar resonator, and the measured low-frequency capacitances of two thin flat-plate specimens. For lithium tantalate, the normalized first temperature derivatives of the elastic constants range from −0.4 to −6.7×10−4/°C, while the derivatives for the piezoelectric stress constants range from −1.3 to +1.5×10−4/°C. In the case of lithium niobate, the elastic constant temperature derivatives are all on the order of −2×10−4/°C, while the piezoelectric temperature derivatives are all positive in the range 0.8–8.9×10−4/°C. The dielectric or permittivity temperature derivatives are positive for both materials.
Bio-Compatible Sensor for Middle Ear Pressure Monitoring on a Bio-Degradable Substrate (2021)

Hypotension in the middle ear can cause serious diseases and hearing disorders. Until now, pressure in the middle ear is measured indirectly by using the impedance of the tympanic membrane (tympanometry). Direct methods are just described in scientific studies and would be harmful in clinical routine. Here, we demonstrate a bio-compatible pressure sensor, which can resolve pressure changes in the range of −7.5 kPa up to +7.5 kPa, and due to its compact design (area of 2 × 4 mm 2 ), can be directly implanted in the human middle ear. Furthermore, the read-out of the pressure sensor can be conveniently done using wireless data communication technologies employing a plate capacitor with an elastic dielectric for pressure monitoring and a planar coil. Thus, our sensor allows for direct pressure measurements in the middle ear, avoiding additional surgeries after device implantation.