gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Voltage‐Sensitive and Ligand‐Gated Channels in Differentiating Neural Stem–Like Cells Derived from the Nonhematopoietic Fraction of Human Umbilical Cord Blood (2005)

Fetal cells with the characteristics of neural stem cells (NSCs) can be derived from the nonhematopoietic fraction of human umbilical cord blood (HUCB), expanded as a nonimmortalized cell line (HUCB-NSC), and further differentiated into neuron-like cells (HUCB-NSCD); however, the functional and neuronal properties of these cells are poorly understood. To address this issue, we used whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, gene microarrays, and immunocytochemistry to identify voltage-gated channels and ligand-gated receptors on HUCB-NSCs and HUCB-NSCDs. Gene microarray analysis identified genes for voltage-dependent potassium and sodium channels and the neurotransmitter receptors acetylcholine (ACh), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, glycine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and dopamine (DA). Several of these genes (GABA-A, glycine and glutamate receptors, voltage-gated potassium channels, and voltage-gated sodium type XII alpha channels) were not expressed in the HUCB mono-nuclear fraction (HUCB-MC), which served as a starting cell population for HUCB-NSC. HUCB-NSCD acquired neuronal phenotypes and displayed an inward rectifying potassium current (Kir) and an outward rectifying potassium current (I(K+)). Kir was present on most HUCB-NSCs and HUCB-NSCDs, whereas I(K+) was present only on HUCB-NSCDs. Many HUCB-NSCDs were immunopositive for glutamate, glycine, nicotinic ACh, DA, 5-HT, and GABA receptors. Kainic acid (KA), a non-N-methyl-D-asparate (NMDA) glutamate-receptor agonist, induced an inward current in some HUCB-NSCDs. KA, glycine, DA, ACh, GABA, and 5-HT partially blocked Kir through their respective receptors. These results suggest that HUCB-NSCs differentiate toward neuron-like cells, with functional voltage- and ligand-gated channels identified in other neuronal systems.
Clinical utility of circulating miR-371a-3p for the management of patients with intracranial malignant germ cell tumors (2020)

This series highlights the potential for microRNA quantification to assist the noninvasive diagnosis, prognostication, and management for patients with intracranial malignant GCTs. Serum and CSF should be collected routinely as part of future studies to facilitate the extension of these findings to larger patient cohorts.
1-mW Vibration Energy Harvester Based on a Cantilever with Printed Polymer Multilayers (2020)

Energy harvesters are required for autonomous sensors. The field is still missing a low-cost technology that would provide enough power for tangible low-frequency use cases, although triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) have emerged as a new energy technology. Standard vibration energy harvesters (VEHs) are based either on bulky electromagnetic systems or stiff lead-based piezo-ceramics. Those systems are rarely compatible with large deformations that occur at low frequency such as body movements. Here, we show that a stack of 10 thin layers of poly(vinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene) screen printed on a polymer substrate can harvest up to 0.97 mW at 33 Hz with an area of only 2.4 cm2. These results are obtained with a lead-free, cost-effective, and scalable technique at 150°C, competing with TENG solutions. This VEH can work for at least 107 cycles while harvesting sufficient energy to feed a microcontroller that communicate wirelessly with a mobile phone.
Versatile Locomotion Control of a Hexapod Robot Using a Hierarchical Network of Nonlinear Oscillator Circuits (2018)

A novel hierarchical network based on coupled nonlinear oscillators is proposed for motor pattern generation in hexapod robots. Its architecture consists of a central pattern generator (CPG), producing the global leg coordination pattern, coupled with six local pattern generators, each devoted to generating the trajectory of one leg. Every node comprises a simple nonlinear oscillator and is well-suited for implementation in a standard field-programmable analog array device. The network enables versatile locomotion control based on five high-level parameters which determine the inter-oscillator coupling pattern via simple rules. The controller was realized on dedicated hardware, deployed to control an ant-like hexapod robot, and multi-sensory telemetry was performed. As a function of a single parameter, it was able to stably reproduce the canonical gaits observed in six-legged insects, namely the wave, tetrapod, and tripod gaits. A second parameter enabled driving the robot in ant-like and cockroach-like postures. Three further parameters enabled inhibiting and resuming walking, steering, and producing uncoordinated movement. Emergent phenomena were observed in the form of a multitude of intermediate gaits and of hysteresis and metastability close to a point of gait transition. The primary contributions of this paper reside in the hierarchical controller architecture and associated approach for collapsing a large set of low-level parameters, stemming from the complex hexapod kinematics, into only five high-level parameters. Such parameters can be changed dynamically, an aspect of broad practical relevance opening new avenues for driving hexapod robots via afferent signals from other circuits representing higher brain areas, or by means of suitable brain-computer interfaces. An additional contribution is the detailed characterization via telemetry of the physical robot, involving the definition of parameters which may aid future comparison with other controllers. The present results renew interest into analog CPG architectures and reinforce the generality of the connectionist approach.
High yield [125 I]Iodide-Labeling of Iodinated Carboranes By Palldium-Catalyzed Isotopic Exchange (2003)

High yield [125 I]Iodide-Labeling of Iodinated Carboranes By Palldium-Catalyzed Isotopic Exchange
Essential role of chain ends in the nylon‐6/poly(ethylene terephthalate) exchange (2003)

Abstract A combination of NMR and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF) techniques were suitable tools for examining the exchange reactions that occur during the melt‐mixing of nylon‐6 and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (Ny6/PET) blends in the presence of p‐toluene sulfonic acid (TsOH) at 285 °C. Some researchers believe that TsOH is an efficient catalyst for the amide–ester exchange reactions in PET/Ny6 and PET/nylon‐66 blends in the molten state. Instead, we have found that TsOH is able to react in the molten state with PET, yielding PET oligomers terminated with carboxyl groups. Because the latter oligomers can quickly react with Ny6 producing a Ny6/PET copolymer, the role of TsOH in the melt‐mixing process is not that of a catalyst but of a reactant. Our study allowed the structural identification of the Ny6/PET copolyesteramide produced in the exchange as a function of melt‐mixing time. The results revealed the essential role of carboxyl end groups in the exchange reaction between Ny6 and PET and allowed a detailed mechanism for this reaction. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 2778–2793, 2003
Clathrin-Independent Entry of Baculovirus Triggers Uptake of E. coli in Non-Phagocytic Human Cells (2009)

The prototype baculovirus, Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus, an insect pathogen, holds great potential as a gene therapy vector. To develop transductional targeting and gene delivery by baculovirus, we focused on characterizing the nature and regulation of its uptake in human cancer cells. Baculovirus entered the cells along fluid-phase markers from the raft areas into smooth-surfaced vesicles devoid of clathrin. Notably, regulators associated with macropinocytosis, namely EIPA, Pak1, Rab34, and Rac1, had no significant effect on viral transduction, and the virus did not induce fluid-phase uptake. The internalization and nuclear uptake was, however, affected by mutants of RhoA, and of Arf6, a regulator of clathrin-independent entry. Furthermore, the entry of baculovirus induced ruffle formation and triggered the uptake of fluorescent E. coli bioparticles. To conclude, baculovirus enters human cells via a clathrin-independent pathway, which is able to trigger bacterial uptake. This study increases our understanding of virus entry strategies and gives new insight into baculovirus-mediated gene delivery in human cells.
Preemptive treatment of fungal infection: has its time arrived in liver transplantation? (2008)

Background Invasive fungal infection remains a major challenge in liver transplantation and the mortality rate is high. Early diagnosis and treatment are required for better results. Patients We prospectively measured plasma (1 → 3)β-d glucan (BDG) levels in 180 living donor liver transplant recipients for 1 year after surgery. Fungal infection was defined as proposed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group. Preemptive treatment (intravenous fluconazole and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) was started when the BDG level was greater than 40 pg/ml. Results Twenty-four patients (13%) were diagnosed with invasive fungal infection. The responsible pathogens included Candida spp. in 14 cases, Aspergillus fumigatus in 5, Cryptococcus neoformans in 3, and Pneumocystis jiroveci in 2. Preemptive treatment was performed in 22% of patients (n = 40). Renal impairment and mild gastrointestinal intolerance due to the drugs were observed in 28% (11/40) of patients during treatment. Among them 14 patients were diagnosed with fungal infection including seven candidiasis, five aspergillosis, and two Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. The sensitivity and specificity of BDG for overall fungal infection was 58% and 83%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 35% and a negative predictive value of 93%, and a positive likelihood ratio of 3.41 and a negative likelihood ratio of 1.98. The overall mortality for fungal infection in our series was 0.6%. Conclusion Although the sensitivity and positive predictive value were low, the low mortality rate after fungal infection and the mild side effects of the preemptive treatment might justify our therapeutic strategy. Based on the effectiveness, this strategy warrants further investigation.
Comparative Study of Caffe, Neon, Theano, and Torch for Deep Learning (2015)

Deep learning methods have resulted in significant performance improvements in several application domains and as such several software frameworks have been developed to facilitate their implementation. This paper presents a comparative study of four deep learning frameworks, namely Caffe, Neon, Theano, and Torch, on three aspects: extensibility, hardware utilization, and speed. The study is performed on several types of deep learning architectures and we evaluate the performance of the above frameworks when employed on a single machine for both (multi-threaded) CPU and GPU (Nvidia Titan X) settings. The speed performance metrics used here include the gradient computation time, which is important during the training phase of deep networks, and the forward time, which is important from the deployment perspective of trained networks. For convolutional networks, we also report how each of these frameworks support various convolutional algorithms and their corresponding performance. From our experiments, we observe that Theano and Torch are the most easily extensible frameworks. We observe that Torch is best suited for any deep architecture on CPU, followed by Theano. It also achieves the best performance on the GPU for large convolutional and fully connected networks, followed closely by Neon. Theano achieves the best performance on GPU for training and deployment of LSTM networks. Finally Caffe is the easiest for evaluating the performance of standard deep architectures.
Shrinky-Dink Hanging Drops: A Simple Way to Form and Culture Embryoid Bodies (2008)

Embryoid bodies (EB) are aggregates of embryonic stem cells. The most common way of creating these aggregates is the hanging drop method, a laborious approach of pipetting an arbitrary number of cells into well plates. The interactions between the stem cells forced into close proximity of one another promotes the generation of the EBs. Because the media in each of the wells has to be manually exchanged every day, this approach is manually intensive. Moreover, because environmental parameters including cell-cell, cell-soluble factor interactions, pH, and oxygen availability can be functions of EB size, cell populations obtained from traditional hanging drops can vary dramatically even when cultured under identical conditions. Recent studies have indeed shown that the initial number of cells forming the aggregate can have significant effects on stem cell differentiation. We have developed a simple, rapid, and scalable culture method to load pre-defined numbers of cells into microfabricated wells and maintain them for embryoid body development. Finally, these cells are easily accessible for further analysis and experimentation. This method is amenable to any lab and requires no dedicated equipment. We demonstrate this method by creating embryoid bodies using a red fluorescent mouse cell line (129S6B6-F1).
A Multi-analytical Approach to Understand the chemistry of Fe-minerals in Feed Coals and Ashes (2011)

Seven feed coals used in the Brazilian power generation industry were obtained and subsequently analysed together with fly ash and bottom ash from a major Brazilian power plant. The samples were investigated by means of room temperature FeMo¨ssbauer analyses, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and petrographic analysis. In addition, nanometer-sized crystalline phases in coals and ashes were characterised using an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer and a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The major identified Fe-bearing minerals in the coals were found to be actinolite, ankerite, chalcopyrite, chlorite, goethite, illite, ilmenite, magnesioferrite, natrojarosite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and siderite; whilst in the fly ash and bottom ash, ankerite, chlorite, chromite, goethite, hematite, hercynite, jarosite, maghemite, magnesioferrite, and magnetite were identified. Most of the Fe in the ash samples was present as Fe3+ resulting from the melting of Fe and silicates during combustion. The fraction of glassy Fe in those particles is high because of the high contact probability between Fe melt and silicates. The combination of the various methods offers a powerful analytical technique in the study of coal and coal ashes. This investigation can be regarded as an introductory and prospective study prior to further quantification.
Development of algorithms for MAV security (2016)

This paper describes the various security schemes required for incorporating security to the data being transmitted over the wireless link between a Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) and Ground Control Station (GCS). The suggested security schemes are developed in software and is integrated with the open source communication protocol i.e., MAVLink. The ciphers used in the adapted method are, Advanced Encryption Standard in Counter mode (AES-CTR) algorithm is used for data encryption, SHA-256 for key Hashing and Diffie-Hellman(D-H) for key exchange. This provides both encryption and authentication to the MAV communication, So that it results in improved security and integrity of the system in the real time applications.
Design of spread spectrum sequences using ergodic theory (2002)

This paper derives general results on the partial auto-correlation function of the optimal spreading sequences to minimize the average error probability under the standard Gaussian approximation (SGA) and also provides a real-valued spreading sequence implementation which is at the same time optimal and practical.
Novel Source Heterojunction Structures with Relaxed-/Strained-Layers for Quasi-Ballistic CMOS Transistors (2011)

We have studied new abrupt-source-relaxed/strained semiconductor-heterojunction structures for quasi-ballistic complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) devices, by locally controlling the strain of a single strained semiconductor. Appling O+ ion implantation recoil energy to the strained semiconductor/buried oxide interface, Raman analysis of the strained layers indicates that we have successfully relaxed both strained-Si-on-insulator (SSOI) substrates for n-MOS and SiGe-on-insulator (SGOI) substrates for p-MOS without poly crystallizing the semiconductor layers, by optimizing O+ ion implantation conditions. As a result, it is considered that the source conduction and valence band offsets EC and EV can be realized by the energy difference in the source Si/channel-strained Si and the source-relaxed SiGe/channel-strained SiGe layers, respectively. The device simulator, considering the tunneling effects at the source heterojunction, shows that the transconductance of sub-10 nm source heterojunction MOS transistors (SHOT) continues to increase with increasing EC. Therefore, SHOT structures with the novel source heterojunction are very promising for future quasi-ballistic CMOS devices.
Selective isolation of cationic amino acids and peptides by electro-membrane filtration (2000)

from complex solutions such as protein hydrolysates. For the production of these components chromatographic techniques are usually required. Since this is capital intensive, alternative easily up-scalable technologies are under investigation.
Induction of heart failure: haemodynamic comparison of three different canine models (2007)

We compared three methods: arteriovenous anastomosis, doxorubicin administration, and combination of anastomosis and doxorubicin, with the intention of designing a simple, stable model of chronic heart failure. Twelve dogs were divided into three groups of four. One group received carotid-jugular anastomosis (Ana series), another group received anastomosis and doxorubicin injection (A/D series), and the last group received only doxorubicin (Dox series). Animals were followed for eight weeks. Fifteen different haemodynamic parameters were tracked and compared to baseline values. After eight weeks, diastolic pressure in the right atrium increased from 3.8+/-2.0 mmHg at baseline to 5.3+/-5.9 mmHg in the Ana series, to 6.3+/-3.3 mmHg in the Dox series and to 8.0+/-2.0 mmHg in the A/D series (P<0.05 A/D vs. baseline). Systolic pulmonary wedge pressure increased from 11.6+/-2.0 mmHg at baseline to 15.5+/-3.4 mmHg in the Ana series, 14.0+/-3.7 mmHg in the Dox series and 17.3+/-4.2 mmHg in the A/D series (P = NS vs. baseline). Left ventricular ejection fraction decreased from 53.9+/-10% at baseline to 36.1+/-5.6% in the Ana series (P<0.05 vs. baseline), 31.5+/-5.4% in the Dox series (P<0.05 vs. baseline) and 25.8+/-5.8% in the A/D series (P<0.001 vs. baseline, P<0.05 vs. Ana series and Dox series). In conclusion, eight weeks are not enough to produce stable heart failure using arteriovenous anastomosis alone. Doxorubicin administration alone produces a left ventricular failure. However, a combination of both of these interventions provides a more stable model of right-and left-sided heart failure.
Tailored PVDF nanocomposite membranes using exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets for improved permeation and antifouling performance (2017)

Exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (E-MoS<sub>2</sub>) nanosheets were synthesized from bulk MoS<sub>2</sub>.
The use of computational fluid dynamics in the development of ventricular assist devices (2010)

Progress in the field of prosthetic cardiovascular devices has significantly contributed to the rapid advancements in cardiac therapy during the last four decades. The concept of mechanical circulatory assistance was established with the first successful clinical use of heart-lung machines for cardiopulmonary bypass. Since then a variety of devices have been developed to replace or assist diseased components of the cardiovascular system. Ventricular assist devices (VADs) are basically mechanical pumps designed to augment or replace the function of one or more chambers of the failing heart. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is an attractive tool in the development process of VADs, allowing numerous different designs to be characterized for their functional performance virtually, for a wide range of operating conditions, without the physical device being fabricated. However, VADs operate in a flow regime which is traditionally difficult to simulate; the transitional region at the boundary of laminar and turbulent flow. Hence different methods have been used and the best approach is debatable. In addition to these fundamental fluid dynamic issues, blood consists of biological cells. Device-induced biological complications are a serious consequence of VAD use. The complications include blood damage (haemolysis, blood cell activation), thrombosis and emboli. Patients are required to take anticoagulation medication constantly which may cause bleeding. Despite many efforts blood damage models have still not been implemented satisfactorily into numerical analysis of VADs, which severely undermines the full potential of CFD. This paper reviews the current state of the art CFD for analysis of blood pumps, including a practical critical review of the studies to date, which should help device designers choose the most appropriate methods; a summary of blood damage models and the difficulties in implementing them into CFD; and current gaps in knowledge and areas for future work.
Promotion de l'adhésion cellulaire par le couplage covalent de peptidomimétiques sur une membrane polymère (2003)

Notre recherche a pour objectif la biocompatibilisation active de polymeres de synthese. La strategie utilisee consiste a greffer de maniere covalente en surface du polymere des signaux synthetiques. Parmi les nombreuses applications de cette strategie, nous nous sommes interesses a la promotion de l'adhesion cellulaire sur le poly(ethyleneterephtalate) (PET). Ce materiau possede des proprietes deja amplement exploitees dans des application biomedicales. Durant cette these, nous avons aborde plusieurs aspects dans le controle et l'evaluation du substrat modifie. Afin de realiser un greffage efficace, nous avons etudie les sites reactifs du PET (fonctions acides vs fonctions alcools) ainsi que les methodes de couplage via la chimie organique appliquees a l'interface solide-liquide (surface wet chemistry). En relation avec cette etude, nous avons synthetise et evalue differents bras d'espacements afin d'etablir les plus performants lors d'un greffage en surface. L'adhesion cellulaire est un phenomene s'etablissant via des recepteurs cellulaires. Par le greffage de motifs de reconnaissance de ces recepteurs, nous envisageons d'accroitre le taux d'adhesion cellulaire. Pour cela, nous avons realise le design et la synthese de peptidomimetiques de la sequence RGD, motif universellement reconnu par les integrines. Ces dernieres sont une des grandes familles de recepteurs cellulaires, tres etudies en chimie medicinale. Finalement, notre evaluation biologique se scinde en 2 parties. D'une part, greffes en surface, nos peptidomimetiques ont pour effet recherche, la promotion de l'adhesion cellulaire. D'autre part, la saturation des recepteurs cellulaires par les ligands en solution inhibe l'adhesion cellulaire via ces recepteurs. Ce dernier point est un aspect developpe par de nombreux groupes pharmaceutiques dans le traitement de certaines maladies. Un test plus pousse de binding moleculaire a pu etre effectue nous apportant des informations quand au phenomene de reconnaissance. A partir des premiers resultats obtenus, nous avons pu optimiser le design selon un protocole iteratif base sur une analyse theorique par modelisation plus poussee.
Vorlesung "Logistik", SS 2013, gehalten am 29.04.2013 - Teil 1 (2013)

Diese Veranstaltung behandelt folgende Themen: Transportlogistik, Logistiknetze, Tourenplanung, Standortbestimmung, Distributionszentrum, Informationslogistik, Optimierung von Logistik-Prozeßketten