gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of modulation schemes on DC-link capacitor of VSI in HEV applications (2017)

A simplified equivalent circuit of electric powertrain system of hybrid electrical vehicle (HEV) is proposed to research and investigate into the impact of pulse width modulation (PWM) strategies of voltage source inverter (VSI) on the DC-link capacitor in HEVs. Then, analytical solutions to the switching function are introduced based on space vector PWM (SVPWM) and discontinuous PWM (DPWM) schemes. Furthermore, the DC-link capacitor current is characterized with analytical solution and simulation method to quantify the impact of various PWM schemes on the current ripple. Finally, both the reliability and the lifetime of DC-link capacitor are discussed based the spectrum of DC-link capacitor current.
<title>Integrated development environment for fuzzy logic applications</title> (1993)

During the last five years, Fuzzy Logic has gained enormous popularity, both in the academic and industrial worlds, breaking up the traditional resistance against changes thanks to its innovative approach to problems formalization. The success of this new methodology is pushing the creation of a brand new class of devices, called Fuzzy Machines, to overcome the limitations of traditional computing systems when acting as Fuzzy Systems and adequate Software Tools to efficiently develop new applications. This paper aims to present a complete development environment for the definition of fuzzy logic based applications. The environment is also coupled with a sophisticated software tool for semiautomatic synthesis and optimization of the rules with stability verifications. Later it is presented the architecture of WARP, a dedicate VLSI programmable chip allowing to compute in real time a fuzzy control process. The article is completed with two application examples, which have been carried out exploiting the aforementioned tools and devices.
PRMT5 Is Required for T Cell Survival and Proliferation by Maintaining Cytokine Signaling (2020)

Arginine methylation is a post-translational modification that regulates many biological processes. However, the role of arginine methylation in immune cells is not well studied. Here we report an essential role of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) in T cell homeostasis and activation-induced expansion. Using T cell-specific PRMT5 conditional knockout mice, we found that PRMT5 is required for natural killer T (NKT) cell but not for conventional or regulatory T (Treg) cell development after the double positive (DP) stage in the thymus. In contrast, PRMT5 was required for optimal peripheral T cell maintenance, for the transition of naïve T cells to effector/memory phenotype, and for early T cell development before the DP stage in a cell-intrinsic manner. Accordingly, PRMT5-deleted T cells showed impaired IL-7-mediated survival and TCR-induced proliferation <i>in vitro</i>. The latter was more pronounced and attributed to reduced responsiveness to IL-2. Acute deletion of PRMT5 revealed that not only naïve but also effector/memory T cells were impaired in TCR-induced proliferation in a development-independent manner. Reduced expression of common γ chain (γc), a shared receptor component for several cytokines including IL-7 and IL-2, on PRMT5-deleted T cells may be in part responsible for the defect. We further showed that PRMT5 was partially required for homeostatic T cell survival but absolutely required for lymphopenic T cell expansion <i>in vivo</i>. Thus, we propose that PRMT5 is required for T cell survival and proliferation by maintaining cytokine signaling, especially during proliferation. The inhibition of PRMT5 may provide a novel strategy for the treatment of diseases where uncontrolled T cell activation has a role, such as autoimmunity.
Comparison of the effect of two low‐density lipoprotein receptor class mutations on coronary heart disease among French‐Canadian patients heterozygous for familial hypercholesterolaemia (1997)

The aim of this study was to compare the age at first elective coronary angiogram and the age at first revascularization (coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) in 102 patients without familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), who were matched for age and sex with 76 heterozygous FH patients carrying a defective allele at the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene (LDL-R) and 26 heterozygous FH patients bearing a null mutation at the LDL-R. The prevalence of diabetes was significantly higher in the non-FH group than in the two FH groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, mean body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference values were also higher in the non-FH group than in the two FH heterozygous groups (P < 0.005). However, FH patients who were null allele carriers had the highest plasma total and LDL-cholesterol levels and the highest cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio, whereas the defective allele carriers group had intermediate levels between null allele carriers and non-FH patients. Comparison of the age at first coronary angiography revealed that the null allele carriers group were younger at first angiogram than the non-FH patients (P < 0.005). In addition, a trend was observed for a younger age at first angiogram in FH heterozygotes bearing a null allele than in carriers of a defective allele (P = 0.06). Moreover, null allele carriers were younger at first revascularization than defective allele carriers (P < 0.005) or non-FH patients (P < 0.005). Finally, the mean number of diseased vessels with > 50% stenosis was higher in null allele carriers than in non-FH patients and tended to be higher than among defective allele carriers (P < 0.01). Although no difference in plasma Lp(a) levels were noted between null allele carrier and non-FH patients, plasma Lp(a) concentrations were higher in the defective allele group than in the other two groups. In summary, the development of coronary artery disease as estimated by the age at first elective coronary angiography or at first revascularization is premature in FH patients carrying a null mutation compared with defective allele carriers or with non-FH patients. Moreover, the higher number of stenosed vessels among null allele carriers suggests that coronary artery disease was more severe in FH subjects with a null allele at the LDL-R locus.
Maximum Likelihood Channel Estimation in Decode-and-Forward Relay Networks (2008)

In this paper, we provide a complete study on the training based channel estimation for relay networks that employ the decode-and-forward (DF) scheme. Since multiple relay nodes are geographically distributed over the service region, channel estimation is different from the traditional way in that each relay has its own individual power constraint. We consider the maximum likelihood (ML) channel estimation and derive closed form solutions for the optimal training as well as for the optimal power allocation. It is seen that the optimal power allocation follows a multi-level waterfilling structure.
Impact of development and genetic variation on human hepatic CYP2B6 expression and activity. (2013)

CYP2B6 metabolizes many drugs that are used clinically in children and adults. To better understand the developmental expression and variability in CYP2B6 activity, we characterized a large panel of human liver samples (24 fetal, 141 pediatric, 36 adult) for RNA and protein expression and activity (microsomal buproprion hydroxylation). Genotyping included six CYP2B6 SNPs and one SNP each for P450 oxidoreductase and PPARα. RNA expression was correlated with immunoreactive protein, activity and age (r=0.29, 0.79 and 0.27, respectively). A piece‐wise regression indicated a strong correlation above a defined cut‐off point between activity and expressed protein (r=0.74), but no significant correlation when activity and protein expression were low. In fetal samples, low levels of CYP2B6 mRNA were detected, but little or no protein or activity were observed. Levels of RNA, protein and activity increased markedly after birth. No gender effects were observed. A trend was seen between CYP2B6 rs3745274 (associated with CYP2B6*6 and *9 ) and decreased RNA expression, but not for any of the other SNPs tested. This study confirms that CYP2B6 expression and activity develops over the first months of life. Although a large range of CYP2B6 activity (&gt;;500‐fold) was observed in this cohort, CYP2B6 allelic variation does not appear to be a predictor of CYP2B6 activity. Supported by a grant from the Tom Keaveny Foundation.
Capsaicin blocks Ca2+ channels in isolated rat trigeminal and hippocampal neurones (1995)

Effects of capsaicin, an essential ingredient of hot peppers, on high voltage-activated (HVA) calcium channels were investigated in voltage-clamped and internally perfused acutely dissociated rat trigeminal and hippocampal neurones. In micromolar concentrations capsaicin inhibited the whole HVA Ca2+ current without affecting resting membrane conductance in both types of neurones. IC50 values of 14.5 microM and 21.2 microM (n = 5) were obtained in sensory and hippocampal neurones, respectively. Capsaicin-induced inhibition became irreversible after prolonged incubation (30 s) with the drug. It is concluded that capsaicin is a nonspecific blocker of HVA Ca2+ channels in different types of nerve cells.
World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for Biological Treatment of Schizophrenia Part 3: Update 2015 Management of special circumstances: Depression, Suicidality, substance use disorders and pregnancy and lactation (2015)

These updated guidelines are based on the first edition of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for biological treatment of schizophrenia published in the years 2005 and 2006. For this 2015 revision, all available publications pertaining to the biological treatment of schizophrenia were reviewed systematically to allow for an evidence-based update. These guidelines provide evidence-based practice recommendations which are clinically and scientifically relevant. They are intended to be used by all physicians diagnosing and treating patients with schizophrenia. Based on the first version of these guidelines a systematic review, as well as a data extraction from national guidelines have been performed for this update. The identified literature was evaluated with respect to the strength of evidence for its efficacy and subsequently categorised into six levels of evidence (A-F) and five levels of recommendation (1-5). This third part of the updated guidelines covers the management of the following specific treatment circumstances: comorbid depression, suicidality, various comorbid substance use disorders (legal and illegal drugs), and pregnancy and lactation. These guidelines are primarily concerned with the biological treatment (including antipsychotic medication and other pharmacological treatment options) of patients with schizophrenia.
Near-Infrared-Emitting Iridium(III) Complexes as Phosphorescent Dyes for Live Cell Imaging (2013)

The three near-infrared-emitting cationic iridium(III) complexes [Ir(pbq-g)2(N∧N)]+PF6– (pbq-g = phenylbenzo[g]quinoline; N∧N = bipyridine (1), 1,10-phenanthroline (2), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (3)) have been demonstrated as phosphorescent dyes in live cell imaging. These complexes with different ancillary ligands show similar near-infrared (NIR) emission with λmax,peak at 698 nm and λmax,shoulder at 760 nm in CH2Cl2 solutions, with a moderate quantum yield of around 3%. However, these complexes behave quite differently as NIR dyes for live cell imaging. Complexes 1 and 2 exhibit exclusive staining in the cytoplasm with good cell membrane permeability under excitation at 488 nm, while 3 gives almost no cell uptake, as further determined by flow cytometry. Although the lipophilicities of these complexes follow the order 1 < 2 < 3, their cytotoxicities are in the reverse order. The exceptionally low cytotoxicity of 3 could be attributed to its poor solubility in aqueous buffer and thus substantially low exposure dose. This comparative study suggested that the ancillary ligands could fine-tune the amphiphilicity and cytotoxicity of the cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes and thus might play a key role in the design of NIR-emitting iridium(III) complexes for practical applications in bioimaging.
Epidemiology and Detrimental Impact of Opioid Use in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome (2018)

Level III, prognostic.
Erratum to: Synovial Cytokines and the MSIS Criteria Are Not Useful for Determining Infection Resolution After Periprosthetic Joint Infection Explantation (2016)

Erratum to: Clin Orthop Relat Res DOI 10.1007/s11999-016-4710-x In the published study, “Synovial Cytokines and the MSIS Criteria Are Not Useful for Determining Infection Resolution After Periprosthetic Joint Infection Explantation” the sensitivity and specificity for alpha-defensin detailed in the last paragraph of the Results section is incorrect. The sentence detailing the data should read: “α-defensin had the highest sensitivity (0.97 [CI, 0.90-1.00]) and specificity (0.98 [CI, 0.95-1.00]) (Table 4; Appendix 3 [Supplemental materials are available with the online version of CORR®.]). Additionally, in Table 4, the α-defensin data regarding sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were incorrect as published. The corrected Table 4 is given below.Table 4: Cumulative accuracy of the four most studied markers for the detection of PJIFinally, in Appendix 3, the α-defensin data regarding True Negatives, False Positives, and False Negatives were incorrect as published. The corrected Appendix 3 is available as Supplemental materials with the online version of CORR®. The authors apologize for these errors.
Optimal Design of Validation Experiments for Calibration and Validation of Complex Numerical Models (2014)

Cardiac mitochondria produce vast amounts of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation to maintain contractile function. They are also the primary source of reactive oxygen species, which contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction, cardiomyocyte death, and heart failure. To protect against mitochondrial damage, cardiomyocytes develop well-coordinated quality control mechanisms that maintain the overall mitochondrial health through mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy). Mitophagy removes dysfunctional mitochondria in the heart not only under normal physiological conditions, but also in response to pathological stresses. Accumulating evidence suggests that mitophagy dysregulation can induce cardiomyocyte death and cardiomyopathy. In this review, we discuss what is currently known about mitophagic mechanisms, regulatory pathways, and function in the heart.
High-Sensitive Glutamate Biosensor Based on NADH at Lauth’s Violet/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Film on Gold Substrates (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionHigh-Sensitive Glutamate Biosensor Based on NADH at Lauth's Violet/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Film on Gold SubstratesM. M. Rahman*, Ahmad Umar, and Kazuaki SawadaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. B 2009, 113, 14, 4986Publication Date (Web):April 2, 2009Publication History Published online2 April 2009Published inissue 9 April 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp9023469https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9023469correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views592Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (17 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Biotechnology,Carbon nanotubes,Gold,Peptides and proteins,Sensors Get e-Alerts
Tin oxide surfaces. Part 15.—Infrared study of the adsorption of propene on tin(IV) oxide, tin(IV) oxide–silica and tin(IV) oxide–palladium oxide (1985)

The adsorption of propene on tin(IV) oxide, tin(IV) oxide–silica and tin(IV) oxide–palladium oxide has been studied by infrared spectroscopy. Tin(IV) oxide–silica were found to chemisorb propene as a surface acetate species when the oxides were outgassed at ambient temperatures, while only tin(IV) oxide–silica reacted with propene after outgassing at 716 K, again to form a surface acetate species. Tin(IV) oxide–palladium oxide outgassed at ambient temperatures was found to chemisorb propene both as a surface acetate and acrylate, while after outgassing at 570 K reaction with propene leads only to a surface acetate species. The most probable mechanism for the formation of the surface acetate involves initial electrophilic addition of acidic hydroxy groups to the CC double bond, giving a surface isopropoxide which undergoes oxidation to the acetate via an intermediate, coordinated acetone. Consistent with this hypothesis, only tin(IV) oxide–silica is active at higher temperatures of pretreatment, where Brönsted acidity for this sample remains high but is very low for the other two oxides. The surface acrylate is formed by a similar process, although the initial process appears to involve a palladium-induced C—H bond fission of the methyl group of propene, generating a surface allyloxide species which undergoes oxidation as before.
Conceptualising Inclusive Pedagogy: The Inclusive Pedagogical Approach in Action (2015)

Abstract This chapter provides an overview of inclusive pedagogy, also referred to as the inclusive pedagogical approach (Florian &amp; Black-Hawkins, 2011). Conceptually, the approach is predicated on a shift in pedagogical thinking away from conventional approaches that work for most learners existing alongside something additional or different for those (some) who experience difficulties, towards one that involves providing rich learning opportunities that are sufficiently made available for everyone, so that all learners are able to participate in classroom life. By focusing on how achievements in learning are realised through participation in the community of a classroom, the inclusive pedagogical approach acknowledges that there are individual differences between learners but avoids the problems and stigma associated with marking some learners as different. The second part of the chapter explains how the approach can be incorporated into the daily life of classroom activity using the Inclusive-Pedagogical-Approach-in-Action framework that was developed as a tool for assessing and gathering evidence about practice (Florian, 2014; Florian &amp; Spratt, 2013).
Brittle Fracture Assessments on Offshore Piping Systems (2013)

Offshore piping systems may be subject to low temperatures due to operation related scenarios and are cause for brittle fracture concern. The analyses included in this work consider probable events leading to low temperature conditions such as auto-refrigeration. In such circumstances, brittle fracture assessments of piping are typically carried out using API 579-1/ASME FFS-1, latest referred as API 579, procedures. The assessment of piping systems are in many cases very involved, requiring extended piping system information followed by stress analysis and MAT calculations depending on the material type, thickness of the piping analyzed, and stress levels. In addition, the component-by-component assessment approach recommended in API 579 leads to tedious calculations. In this paper, approaches used for static and dynamic low temperature scenarios are presented. Static cases involve constant pressures and temperatures. Dynamic cases involve varying pressures and temperatures as the low temperature events unfold (e.g., blowdown of a valve or a vessel). Dynamic cases warrant the requirement of a safe operating envelope or MAT curve similar to those developed for pressure vessels. Case studies involving the influence of the extent of the system analyzed and the restraint conditions on the results are also presented. In addition, the importance of separately assessing the rated components such as flanges and valves away from the stress analysis is discussed. Based on the assessments carried out, a discussion on the toughness rules defined in ASME Section VIII Divisions 1, 2, and the original piping code of construction is provided.
Pressures recorded at the denture base–mucosal surface interface in complete denture wearers (1987)

This study reports on pressures recorded at the denture base-mucosal surface interface in four edentulous subjects. Four sites were selected, namely (a) the midpalatal region in the upper complete denture, (b) the labial to the mid-line lower complete denture, (c) directly under the lower left and (d) right first molar teeth. The study examined the reproducibility of the pressure values obtained when the subjects chewed two test foods (carrot and peanut). The subjects repeated the chewing sequences on the same day and one subject was tested over a 3-day period. The younger subjects and subjects with the shortest chewing sequences gave the most reproducible results. The two foods were shown to have different effects both on the pressure values recorded and the duration of the chewing sequence. Patients who transferred the food bolus from side to side during the chewing sequence affected the reproducibility of the results obtained from the lower denture transducers.
Distributed MIMO technologies in cooperative wireless networks (2011)

Multiple-input multiple-output techniques enhance wireless communications performance by taking advantage of spatial diversity. However, most traditional MIMO systems hardly achieve large spatial diversity because of limited terminal size. In this article, we present recent advances of the distributed MIMO technologies in cooperative wireless networks. We also compare and discuss various relay protocols and cooperative strategies. Our simulation results indicate that distributed MIMO systems can provide larger spatial diversity, and the data rate in cooperative networks can be significantly increased.
Stereochemie der (2+2)‐Cycloaddukte von Dichlorvinylencarbonat an Cycloolefine und Benzol (1973)

Abstract Die sensibilisierte Photocycloaddition von Dichlorvinylencarbonat (DCVC) an Cyclopenten und Cyclohexen führt zu stereoisomeren Bicyclo[n.2.O]alkancarbonaten, deren sterische Verknüpfungsmuster mit Hilfe der 1 H‐NMR‐Spektroskopie ermittelt werden. ‐ Dabei lassen sich die relativen anisotropen bzw. induktiven. Einflüsse der Carbonatgruppe bzw. der Chloratome auf die tertiären H‐Atome der Ringverknüpfung durch vergleichende Untersuchungen an strukturanalogen Derivaten 1,2) eindeutig differenzieren. Die Ergebnisse erlauben eine Bestätigung der exo ‐Struktur 1a des beschriebenen DCVC/Benzol‐(2+2)‐Cycloadduktes 3) . Die Charge‐Transfer‐Absorptionsbanden, die Mischungen von DCVC/Aromaten zugeschrieben werdend 4) , werden durch Oxalylchlorid verursacht, mit dem DCVC verunreinigt ist.