gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TFET-based inverter performance in the presence of traps and localized strain (2018)

This paper investigates the circuit-level performance of an inverter made by n- and p-type tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs), integrated on the same InAs/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.05</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.95</sub> Sb technology platform, in the presence of interface traps and localized strain. From 3-D full-quantum simulations, interface traps are found to induce a significant degradation of the voltage gain, noise margin and transient performance. The effect of localized strain at the source/channel heterojunction caused by lattice mismatch, although beneficial, is unable to recover the circuit-level performance of the ideal case.
A Balanced Allocation Strategy for File Assignment in Parallel I/O Systems (2010)

In parallel I/O systems, fast response to disk access and load balancing are two important performance objectives pursued by end users and applications. These performances are largely determined by the data allocation strategies, or file assignment algorithms. However, most existing algorithms can only obtain one of the performance objectives, including the well-known algorithms like Greedy, Sort Partition (SP) and Hybrid Partition (HP). New algorithms that can achieve both objectives are very necessary for parallel I/O systems. In this paper, we have proposed two new allocation algorithms for file assignment in parallel I/O systems: an offline Balanced Allocation with Sort (BAS) algorithm and an online Balanced Allocation with Sort for Batch (BASB) algorithm. Both algorithms aim to achieve the optimal mean response time and load balancing at the same time. The experiment results have shown that the BAS algorithm can get the optimal performance on response time among all compared algorithms and better performance on load balancing than SP. For online BASB algorithm, it can achieve the optimal performances on both response time and load balancing among all algorithms for comparison.
Can Terrestrial Microbes Grow on Mars (2012)

The theme for AbSciCon 2012 is "Exploring Life: Past and Present, Near and Far." The conference will address our current understanding of life - from processes at the molecular level to those which operate at planetary scales. Studying these aspects of life on Earth provides an essential platform from which to examine the potential for life on other worlds, both within our solar system and beyond. Mars exhibits a variety of extreme environments characterized by high UV and ionizing radiation flux, low pressure anoxic atmosphere, scarce or absent liquid water, extreme low temperatures, etc. The ability of terrestrial microorganisms to survive and adapt to the Mars environment has profound implications for astrobiology, planetary protection, and Mars life detection missions. At the NASA Ames Synthetic Biology Initiative, we believe that synthetic biology has the potential to revolutionize human space exploration. As such, the initiative is dedicated to applying the tools and techniques of synthetic biology to space exploration and astrobiology. Biological solutions will be invaluable for space exploration because they are not resource intensive, and they are versatile and self-renewing. An understanding of how to work with DNA in an unfavorable environment is paramount to utilizing biological tools on space missions. Furthermore, the ability to adjust life to the parameters of Mars is vital both to discovering what life on Mars might look like, and to using biological tools under such conditions. As a first step, we need an energy-efficient, low cost means of transporting, storing, and protecting genomic DNA, DNA parts, and whole microbial strains. Our goal is to develop and demonstrate viable and superior alternatives to standard DNA storage methods, which can be optimized to the conditions of space exploration, using synthetic biology as a tool. This includes protocols and kit designs for easy and repeatable DNA and strain recovery from protective storage conditions. We are constructing newly engineered genetic parts for different valuable host organisms, designed to increased long-term survival and functional retention. These methods should be applied for DNA and strain storage and transportation. In parallel, we seek inspiration from natural organisms that have developed means for survival in extreme environmental conditions. We are utilizing novel techniques for analysis of lipid biomarkers in the Antarctic Dry Valleys in order to identify resident microbes in the Antarctic soil and permafrost, as well as biomarker fossils of organisms that survived in the valleys in ages past. Through the identification of these life forms, we hope to understand and draw on new biological tools and strategies for synthetic biological applications on Mars.
Evaluation of a Special Injector to Repair Structure Members (1991)

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A multi-level cell for STT-MRAM realized by capping layer adjustment (2015)

Spin transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) is recommended as one of the promising candidates for nonvolatile memory technologies. Compared with traditional memory technologies, STT-MRAM demonstrates low power consumption, fast access speed and infinite endurance, while the storage capacity reported so far has not been that large in contrast with SRAM or DRAM. Considering this, multi-level cells (MLC) based on more than one magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) have been proposed to further enhance the memory density.
Data-driven discovery of small electroactive molecules for energy storage in aqueous redox flow batteries (2021)

Owing to advancements in computing power and improvements in automation of modelling, high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS) has increasingly been used for materials data generation. Here, we applied a HTVS-guided experimental study for the large-scale exploration of quinone-like anolytes for aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs). This includes the design of a focused virtual chemical library inspired by small colorant molecules, quantum chemical prediction of redox properties, machine learning prediction of aqueous solubility, automated search for commercial availability on vendor databases, and electrochemical characterization of the most promising compounds. Screening efforts in a chemical space of 3,257 redox pairs led to 205 predicted candidates with higher solubility and lower redox potential than that of the state-of-the-art anthraquinone-2,7- disulfonic acid (AQDS) anolyte used in ARFBs. Through the electrochemical studies on the commercially available compounds, we identified the molecules that show good performance in an ARFB setup. Among them, indigo trisulfonate [Indigo-3(SO3H)] showed higher solubility, capacity retention, and coulombic efficiency than AQDS and its predecessors. The data-driven material design methodology presented here is flexible and applicable for the future exploration of small compounds for electrochemical energy storage.
Assessment of Neutron Fluence Uncertainty and its Impact on Safety Issues (2001)

Exposure to fast neutron fluence causes damage to reactor vessels, and this damage must be constrained within limits for safe operation. Therefore, the fluence becomes an important quantity when such limits are approached. This paper discusses some impacts of fluence uncertainty on where these limits are set. Improvements in fluence assessment in recent years may indicate that fluence margins can be reduced, but detailed probabilistic considerations that take into account how well uncertainties are known may play an important part in quantifying safety margins.
Delineation of the mechanism of inhibition of human T cell activation by PGE2. (1990)

The capacity of PGE2 to inhibit human T cell responses was examined by investigating its effect on mitogen-induced IL-2 production and proliferation of highly purified CD4+ T cells. PGE2 inhibited both PHA and anti-CD3 induced proliferation and IL-2 production by an action directly on the responding T cell. Inhibition of IL-2 production reflected decreased accumulation of mRNA for IL-2. A variety of other cAMP elevating agents exerted similar inhibitory effects. Inhibition of proliferation could be overcome by supplemental IL-2, PMA, or the anti-CD28 mAb 9.3. Although PMA and 9.3 markedly increased the amount of IL-2 produced by mitogen-stimulated T cells, the percentage inhibition of IL-2 secretion caused by PGE2 and other cAMP elevating agents remained comparable in these costimulated cultures. Rescue of T cell DNA synthesis by these agents appeared to reflect the finding that, although PGE2 markedly inhibited IL-2 production, the absolute amount of IL-2 produced was increased sufficiently to sustain mitogen-induced proliferation. As anticipated, PGE2, forskolin, and cholera toxin increased T cell cAMP levels. The quantity of cellular cAMP generated in response to PGE2, cholera toxin, and forskolin could be inhibited by PMA or 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine. Using these reagents, the inhibitory effects of PGE2 were found to reflect intracellular cAMP levels, but only within a very narrow range. The results indicate that by elevating cAMP levels, PGE2 inhibits human T cell IL-2 production at a point that is common to both the CD3 and CD28 signaling pathways.
Protein methylation as a marker of aspartate damage in glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase‐deficient erythrocytes (2002)

The 'Mediterranean' variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is due to the C563CT point mutation, leading to replacement of Ser with Phe at position 188, resulting in acute haemolysis triggered by oxidants. Previous work has shown increased formation of altered aspartate residues in membrane proteins during cell ageing and in response to oxidative stress in normal erythrocytes. These abnormal residues are specifically recognized by the repair enzyme L-isoaspartate (d-aspartate) protein O-methyltransferase (PCMT; EC 2.1.1.77). The aim of this work was to study the possible involvement of protein aspartate damage in the mechanism linking the G6PD defect and erythrocyte injury, through oxidative stress. Patients affected by G6PD deficiency (Mediterranean variant) were selected. In situ methylation assays were performed by incubating intact erythrocytes in the presence of methyl-labelled methionine. Altered aspartate residues were detected in membrane proteins by methyl ester quantification. We present here evidence that, in G6PD-deficient erythrocytes, damaged residues are significantly increased in membrane proteins, in parallel with the decay of pyruvate kinase activity, used as a cell age marker. Erythrocytes from patients were subjected to oxidative stress in vitro, by treatment with t-butylhydroperoxide, monitored by a rise in concentration of both methaemoglobin and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. L-Isoaspartate residues increased dramatically in G6PD-deficient erythrocytes in response to such treatment, compared with baseline conditions. The increased susceptibility of G6PD-deficient erythrocytes to membrane protein aspartate damage in response to oxidative stress suggests the involvement of protein deamidation/isomerization in the mechanisms of cell injury and haemolysis.
Assessment of the ability of the Privigen® purification process to deplete thrombogenic factor XIa from plasma (2013)

The Privigen(®) manufacturing process has the capability to remove thrombogenic factors: octanoic acid precipitation, designed to remove a variety of contaminants during immunoglobulin purification, also removes almost all FXIa from plasma and further purification steps do not activate FXI.
Iodine Transfer Radical Polymerizations of Vinylidene Fluoride in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Polymer Functionalization via Click Chemistry (2009)

Vinylidene fluoride polymerizations were carried out in solution with supercritical carbon dioxide using mono and diiodo perfluorinated hexane as chain transfer agents. Characteristics of controlled radical polymerizations were observed leading to polymers with low polydispersities in the range from 1.2 to 1.4. Polymers with iodine end groups were subsequently functionalized with sodium azide and symmetrical alkynes to yield poly(vinylidene fluoride) with triazol end groups.
Placental Findings in Pregnancies Complicated by Maternal Cardiovascular Disease (2022)

Pregnancies among women with CVD commonly demonstrate abnormal placental findings, especially anatomic and vascular pathology. Prevalence of VUE differed across CVD categories. Otherwise, the incidence of specific pathology findings did not differ based on maternal characteristics.
Effect of Taxol on Cytochrome P450 3A and Acetaminophen Toxicity in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes: Comparison to Dexamethasone (1997)

The purpose of this study was to determine if Taxol induced CYP3A in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes and, if so, whether induction of CYP3A would increase acetaminophen toxicity. Taxol caused a concentration-dependent increase in the amount of immunoreactive CYP3A and in the steady-state levels of CYP3A1/DEX but not CYP3A2 mRNA. Similar concentration-dependent increases in toxicity as measured by a decrease in protein synthesis were observed after exposure of cells to acetaminophen for 7 hr whether cells were pretreated with Taxol or dexamethasone. Increased release of lactate dehydrogenase occured after 24 hr exposure to acetaminophen, with no further decreases in protein synthesis than those observed at 7 hr. Increases in acetaminophen toxicity correlated with increased covalent binding of acetaminophen to cellular proteins. Triacetyloleandomycin, a selective inhibitor of CYP3A, completely protected the cells against acetaminophen toxicity in both Taxol- and dexamethasone-pretreated cells and prevented the increase in covalent binding of acetaminophen to cellular proteins. These results demonstrate that Taxol, like dexamethasone, induces CYP3A and that increases in this P450 are responsible for increased acetaminophen toxicity.
Transponder utilizing the modulated re-scattering communication principle (2017)

In this work, the performance of a re-scatter transponder is investigated. The transponder is based on a 90° hybrid coupler, and it provides independent amplitude and phase modulation as a function of the bias voltage. The structure operates at a frequency of 3.42 GHz, and the performance of the transponder is investigated using simulations and measurements. The results show that the proposed approach is a viable candidate to implement wireless connectivity for simple, passive and low-cost devices.
Citrullination by Peptidylarginine Deiminase in Rheumatoid Arthritis (2007)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex, multifactorial disease with genetic and immunological aspects. Because RA is an autoimmune condition, dysregulation of the immune system is implied. Many linkage and association studies have also indicated that multiple genetic factors are associated with RA. Although the contribution of each genetic factor is small, the combination of these factors affects RA development. Previous studies have suggested that genetic changes affect the internal immunological environment, which results in autoimmune diseases. More recent genetic studies indicate that the HLA-DRB gene is the predominant cause of RA and that other non-HLA genes are also involved. We reported that peptidylarginine deiminase (gene name abbreviated to PADI, protein name abbreviated to PAD) type 4 is the one of the non-HLA genetic factors involved in RA via citrullination. Antibodies against citrullinated proteins/peptides are highly specific to RA, but the physiological roles of PADI gene, PAD proteins as their products and citrullinated proteins/peptides are obscure. However, levels of anticitrullinated protein antibodies are apparently also increased and were involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). These data suggested that citrullinated protein and anticitrullinated protein antibodies play important roles in the development of RA. This review summarizes the relationship between RA and citrullination, as well as the role of PADI4 genetics.
Effects of inspiratory loading on 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the inspiratory intercostal muscles in normal humans. (1988)

1990;97;97S Chest M. Lopata, E. Onal, R. Aronson and D. Carley Inspiratory Intercostal Muscles in Normal Humans Magnetic Resonance (PMR) Spectroscopy of the Phosphorus 31 Effects of Inspiratory Loading on http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/content/97/3_Supplement/97S.1.citation can be found online on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services ) ISSN:0012-3692 http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/site/misc/reprints.xhtml ( without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. reserved. No part of this article or PDF may be reproduced or distributed Chest Physicians, 3300 Dundee Road, Northbrook, IL 60062. All rights of been published monthly since 1935. Copyright1990by the American College is the official journal of the American College of Chest Physicians. It has Chest
Metal Nanoparticle Catalysis (2021)

In recent years, the catalytic use of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) has experienced a growing interest [...]
Generative Sensing: Transforming Unreliable Sensor Data for Reliable Recognition (2018)

This paper introduces a deep learning enabled generative sensing framework which integrates low-end sensors with computational intelligence to attain a high recognition accuracy on par with that attained with high-end sensors. The proposed generative sensing framework aims at transforming low-end, low-quality sensor data into higher quality sensor data in terms of achieved classification accuracy. The low-end data can be transformed into higher quality data of the same modality or into data of another modality. Different from existing methods for image generation, the proposed framework is based on discriminative models and targets to maximize the recognition accuracy rather than a similarity measure. This is achieved through the introduction of selective feature regeneration in a deep neural network (DNN). The proposed generative sensing will essentially transform low-quality sensor data into high-quality information for robust perception. Results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed framework.
Dinámica folicular de vaquillas Criollas al pastoreo en el altiplano ecuatoriano (2019)

El objetivo fue caracterizar el patrón de comportamiento de la dinámica folicular en vaquillas Criollas (CR) al pastoreo en la sierra alta del Ecuador. Se realizó en la granja experimental Irquis de la Universidad de Cuenca, en el año 2016. El peso promedio fue de 243,3±45,0 kg. Condición corporal (CC) 2,5±0,4, escala 1-5 puntos. Edad 19,9±4,8 meses. Se realizaron ecografías diarias durante un ciclo estral. Cada 48h se determinó los niveles de Progesterona (P4). Se estableció un patrón de dos y tres ondas foliculares (44,4 y 55,6%, respectivamente). El promedio de duración del ciclo estral fue de 20,3±0,03 días (dos ondas) y de 23,6±0,02 días (tres ondas). El tamaño del folículo preovulatorio (FPO) fue de 15,3±0,04mm para animales de dos ondas y para las de tres ondas 13,8±1,48mm. El folículo subordinado (FS) alcanzó su máximo tamaño el día 4,0±0,04, con 8,0±0,04mm (dos ondas) y 4,8±0,03 días con 7,4±0,03mm (tres ondas). El desarrollo del cuerpo lúteo (CL) presentó tres fases: crecimiento (hasta el día 6), estática (6-18 días) y regresión (&gt;18 días). En el día 12 el CL alcanzó su mayor tamaño 21,7±1,45mm y 23,5±0,61mm para animales de dos y tres ondas, respectivamente. La P4 alcanzó niveles superiores a 1ng/ml a partir del día 4 (5,8±3,35ng/ml dos ondas y 5,1±1,15ng/ml tres ondas). Los niveles de P4 durante el ciclo estral fueron más altos que los reportados en otras razas. En conclusión, las vaquillas de genotipo Criollo poseen características propias, las cuales se ven influenciadas por el patrón de comportamiento folicular (dos o tres ondas).
Onboard adaptive guidance design for air-to-surface missiles (1985)

An explicit onboard guidance algorithm is developed for an air-to-surface missile The model considered is a generic solid rocket with a single thrusting stage flying over a spherical rotating earth Modern control theory methods of a state space formulation are employed to find values of the control variables that optimize the performance index while satisfying the system constraints.
WE‐E‐BRC‐07: Evaluate Reproducibility of 4DCT Registration‐Based Lung Ventilation Measurement with Gamma Comparison Method (2011)

Purpose: The regional lung pulmonary function can be calculated by computing the Jacobian of image registration deformation field. Radiation‐induced pulmonary function changes are assessed by comparing pulmonary function before and after radiation therapy (RT). Due to the probably different breath pattern and effort, uncertainties from 4DCT imaging and registration error, we need to first establish the measurement reproducibility. We also introduce gamma comparison method to compensate space disalignment in two distributions. Methods: Two repeated 4DCT data sets scanned with 30 minutes interval before RT from two patients are used in this study. Tissue volume preserving nonrigid registration algorithm with Laplacian regularization constraints was applied to register the maximum exhalation image to the maximum inhalation image for the calculation of local lung expansion as a measurement of regional pulmonary function in two scans. We compared the two pulmonary functions and analyzed the pulmonary function ratio map. Gamma comparison method is introduced to tolerate possible error in image acquisition and image registration. Mean and standard deviation of pulmonary function ratio map and gamma pass percent are calculated to measure reproducibility. Results: The registration accuracy analysis indicated our registration error is on the order of 1.0 mm. Most lung tissue has a reproducible pulmonary function. Reproducibility near the diaphragm is worse than other regions. The standard deviation of function ratio map is respectively 0.0352 and 0.0495. The gamma comparison pass percent is respectively 84% and 87%. Further plots suggest most of the lung function is reproducible in 2 scans. Conclusions: We analyzed the reproducibility to measure regional pulmonary function using 4DCT and image registration. We compared the regional lung function in two repeated 4DCT scan and discussed the function ratio map. We also introduced a gamma comparison method to quantify reproducibility. This work was supported in part by NIH grant HL079406 and EB004126.
Rugby-like hohlraum experimental designs for demonstrating x-ray drive enhancement (2008)

A suite of experimental designs for the Omega laser facility [Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] using rugby and cylindrical hohlraums is proposed to confirm the energetics benefits of rugby-shaped hohlraums over cylinders under optimal implosion symmetry conditions. Postprocessed Dante x-ray drive measurements predict a 12–17eV (23%–36%) peak hohlraum temperature (x-ray flux) enhancement for a 1ns flattop laser drive history. Simulated core self-emission x-ray histories also show earlier implosion times by 200–400ps, depending on the hohlraum case-to-capsule ratio and laser-entrance-hole size. Capsules filled with 10 or 50atm of deuterium (DD) are predicted to give in excess of 1010 neutrons in two-dimensional hohlraum simulations in the absence of mix, enabling DD burn history measurements for the first time in indirect-drive on Omega. Capsule designs with 50atm of DHe3 are also proposed to make use of proton slowing for independently verifying the drive benefits of rugby hohlraums. Scale-5/4 hohlraum designs are also introduced to provide further margin to potential laser-plasma-induced backscatter and hot-electron production.