gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dll3 and Notch1 genetic interactions model axial segmental and craniofacial malformations of human birth defects (2007)

Mutations in the Notch1 receptor and delta-like 3 (Dll3) ligand cause global disruptions in axial segmental patterning. Genetic interactions between members of the notch pathway have previously been shown to cause patterning defects not observed in single gene disruptions. We examined Dll3-Notch1 compound mouse mutants to screen for potential gene interactions. While mice heterozygous at either locus appeared normal, 30% of Dll3-Notch1 double heterozygous animals exhibited localized, segmental anomalies similar to human congenital vertebral defects. Unexpectedly, double heterozygous mice also displayed statistically significant reduction of mandibular height and decreased length of the [corrected] maxillary hard palate. Examination of somite-stage embryos and perinatal anatomy and histology did not reveal any organ defects, so we used microarray-based analysis of Dll3 and Notch1 mutant embryos to identify gene targets that may be involved in notch-regulated segmental or craniofacial development. Thus, Dll3-Notch1 double heterozygous mice model human congenital scoliosis and craniofacial disorders.
Respiratory Viral Infections and Coinfections in Children With Cancer, Fever and Neutropenia (2016)

To our knowledge, this is the largest report comparing clinical outcome in FN episodes caused by different RVs in children with cancer. A positive polymerase chain reaction for RV at admission was significantly associated with the presence of respiratory symptoms. Our data showed a favorable outcome in all episodes with RV detection, including single and viral coinfections.
The Microbial Lipopeptide Paenibacterin Disrupts Desiccation Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovars Tennessee and Eimsbuettel (2019)

<i>Salmonella enterica</i> is increasingly linked to disease outbreaks associated with consumption of low-water-activity (low-a<sub>w</sub>) foods. Persistence of the pathogen in these foods was attributed to its ability to implement desiccation resistance mechanisms. Published knowledge about methods that disrupt desiccation resistance in <i>S. enterica</i> is lacking. We hypothesize that strong membrane-active compounds disrupt the desiccation resistance that <i>S. enterica</i> may acquire in low-a<sub>w</sub> foods or environments. The newly discovered antimicrobial lipopeptide paenibacterin was the membrane-active agent investigated in this study. Strains of <i>S. enterica</i> serovars Tennessee and Eimsbuettel, with a history of association with low-moisture foods, were investigated. The viability of these strains did not decrease significantly during dehydration and subsequent storage in the dehydrated state. Considering that the paenibacterin MIC against <i>S. enterica</i> strains was 8 μg/ml, concentrations of 4 to 16 μg/ml paenibacterin were tested. Within this range, desiccation-adapted <i>S.</i> Eimsbuettel was much more tolerant to the antimicrobial agent than the desiccation-adapted <i>S.</i> Tennessee. Pretreatment with 8 μg/ml paenibacterin increased inactivation of <i>S. enterica</i> during desiccation. The use of paenibacterin at 16 μg/ml or higher concentrations resulted in leakage of intracellular potassium ions from desiccation-adapted cells. Paenibacterin significantly decreased the biosynthesis of the intracellular osmoprotectant solute, trehalose, in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with 64 μg/ml paenibacterin increased the permeability of the cytoplasmic membranes of desiccation-adapted cells. Transcription of the desiccation-related genes <i>proV</i>, STM1494, <i>kdpA</i>, and <i>otsB</i> in response to paenibacterin treatment was investigated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Transcription of some of these genes was downregulated in a concentration- and strain-dependent manner.<b>IMPORTANCE</b><i>Salmonella enterica</i> adapts effectively and persists for a long time in low-a<sub>w</sub> foods or environments through resistance mechanisms to desiccation stress. Desiccation-resistant cells compromise food safety and constitute a serious health hazard. Strategies to combat desiccation resistance in <i>S. enterica</i> are needed to sensitize the pathogen to lethal processes used in food preservation. The study proved that the membrane-active lipopeptide paenibacterin disrupts the resistance in desiccation-adapted <i>S. enterica</i>, as measured by phenotypic, biochemical, and genetic analyses. This study highlighted the role of the lipopeptide paenibacterin in disrupting mechanisms employed by <i>S. enterica</i> to resist desiccation. This knowledge may lead to the design of novel control measures to improve the safety of low-a<sub>w</sub> foods.
The Use of Spectrophotometry UV-Vis for the Study of Porphyrins (2012)

In the porphyrins study, the evaluation of wavelength shift of adsorption bands and the absorbance changes as function of pH, temperature, solvent change, reaction with metal ions and other parameters permits to obtained accurate information about equilibrium, complexation, kinetic and aggregation. This chapter of the book, resumes the best successes in the use of UV-Vis spectrophotometry for explained the chemical characteristics of this extraordinary group of natural occurring molecules and clarifies the potential of these molecules in many fields of application.
Involvement (2020)

A central issue of involvement theory is whether people desire to learn more about topics in which they are personally involved. Active publics are more likely than their passive counterparts to seek and process information on public policy issues that companies address. When situations produce little involvement, behavior is likely to be a product of situational constraints rather than attitude or knowledge. Public policy issues, such as solutions to the prevalence of illegal drugs or the ramifications of nuclear arms reduction, may require different cognitive processes than does response to product or service advertising. According to J. E. Grunig, people who are actively involved with public policy issues have better formed cognitions about those issues and should be willing to engage in individual actions related to them. If a comparison model is to be a viable explanation of the cognitive processes involved in reacting to public policy issues, then research is needed to explain this comparison process.
Reversible nerve conduction block in patients with polyneuropathy after ultrasound thermotherapy at therapeutic dosage. (1991)

This study investigated the effect of ultrasound on nerve conduction in patients with polyneuropathy. Eight able-bodied controls (Group C) and 16 patients with clinical and physiologic evidence of polyneuropathy were tested. Eight patients (Group NP) had no aching pain symptoms; eight patients (Group P) had severe aching pain, burning sensation, unpleasant tingling, and/or hyperesthesia in the lower extremities. For two minutes, therapeutic ultrasound in doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5W/cm2 were applied over the anterior surface of the leg along the pathway of the deep peroneal nerve. Peroneal nerve conduction studies were performed before, during, and after ultrasound treatment. The compound muscle action potential (CMAP) was recorded from the extensor digitorum brevis muscle. Nerve conduction studies on all eight patients in Group P revealed a significant decrease (41.4% and 44% reduced for doses of 1.0W/cm2 and 1.5W/cm2, respectively; p less than .05) in amplitude of CMAP (from baseline to the first negative peak), and an increase (6.4% and 6.7% increased for doses of 1.0W/cm2 and 1.5W/cm2, respectively; p less than .05) in proximal latency one minute after ultrasound application with a dose of 1.0 or 1.5W/cm2, but not with a dose of 0.5W/cm2 (p greater than 0.1). Changes returned to pretreatment values within five minutes of cessation of ultrasound therapy. In Groups C and NP, there were no significant changes in amplitudes of CMAP or proximal latency before, during, or after ultrasound therapy at a dose of 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5W/cm2. It was concluded that ultrasonic therapy with therapeutic dosage may cause a reversible conduction block on patients with painful polyneuropathy.
Selenium and Colorectal Adenoma: Results of a Pooled Analysis (2004)

The inverse association between higher blood selenium concentration and adenoma risk supports previous findings indicating that higher selenium status may be related to decreased risk of colorectal cancer.
Treatment of fibrous dysplasia of the proximal femur by means of pedicled iliac crest bone graft: A case report (2010)

In this report, we present a case of treatment of fibrous dysplasia (FD) of the proximal femur with the pedicled iliac crest bone graft. An 18-year-old patient presented with hip pain and polyostotic dysplasia with involvement of the proximal femur and a history of pathological fracture. The patient was operated on using vascularized bone graft from the iliac crest and osteosynthesis with Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS®). With vascularized bone graft, we found an improvement on X-ray with no reabsorption, and with osteosynthesis, we controlled the pain and prevented pathological fracture and progression of the deformity. Several other studies where the pedicled iliac crest bone graft has been successfully used for the management of defects in the proximal femur (osteonecrosis of the femoral head and pseudarthrosis of the femoral head) can be found in the medical literature. However, the pedicled iliac crest bone graft in a patient with FD of the proximal femur is unique.
Some Physics Considerations of Magnetic Inertial-Electrostatic Confinement: A New Concept for Spherical Converging-Flow Fusion (1991)

A new concept for inertial-electrostatic spherical colliding beam fusion (POLYWELL™) is based on the use of magnetohydrodynamically stable quasi-spherical polyhedral magnetic fields to contain energetic electrons that are injected to form a negative potential well that is capable of ion confinement. A simple phenomenological model for this system shows that It is grossly stable against internal and global perturbations by virtue of the effects of both the external magnetic fields (typically 1 to 5 kG) and the large central azimuthally isotropic power flow due to conservation of transverse momentum in the recirculating ion flow.Electron current recirculation ratios must be of the order of 105 for net fusion power operation, which is found to be possible within limits set by energy-exchange self-collisions.Losses due to bremsstrahlung and synchrotron radiation can be kept small relative to fusion power generation, and ion energy Maxwellianization by two-body collisional upscattering can be kept to acceptable levels by operation at sufficiently large well depth.System gains of 10 to 100 seem possible from several fusion fuels.No zero-order impediments have yet been found to this highly speculative concept; feasibility must be determined by study of more complex and detailed phenomena.
Safety of inhaled hydrogen gas in healthy mice (2019)

The purpose of this work was to determine the safety of inhaled hydrogen gas in healthy animals. Female mice were exposed to medical air with or without hydrogen gas (concentration 2.4%) for 72 hours (n = 25 mice/group). Mice underwent a standardized and validated neurobehavioral examination, SmithKline Beecham, Harwell, Imperial College, Royal London Hospital, Phenotype Assessment (SHIRPA) protocol, prior to and following the exposure period. Blood was withdrawn for serologic evaluation and all major organ tissues were evaluated histologically. The average hydrogen concentration within the chamber was 2.27%. Following exposure, there was no significant change in body weight in either group. Similarly, there was no significant change in the total SHIRPA score, although hydrogen-treated mice exhibited significantly lower spontaneous locomotor activity (P < 0.0001) in a subset of the test; all other aspects of the mouse neurologic exam were normal in hydrogen-treated animals. Brain histopathology was also normal in all mice, as was the histology of all other major organs. There were no significant differences in complete blood count, serum chemistry, or arterial blood gases between control and hydrogen-treated mice (P > 0.05 for all). Hydrogen gas did not appear to cause significant adverse effects when administered to healthy mice for 72 hours, with the possible exception of decreased spontaneous locomotor activity. The study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Boston Children's Hospital, USA (approved number 18-01-3536) on January 25, 2018.
Cell-cell communication via gap junctions (1999)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent APCs for naive CD8(+) T cells and are being investigated as vaccine delivery vehicles. In this study, we examine the CD8(+) T cell response to defined peptides from Listeria monocytogenes (LM), lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and murine CMV coated singly and in combination onto mature bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs). We show that immunization of mice with 2 x 10(5) mature BMDCs coated with multiple MHC class I peptides generates a significant Ag-specific CD8(+) T cell response in both the spleen and nonlymphoid organs. This immunization resulted in a peptide-specific hierarchy in the magnitude of CD8(+) T cell priming and noncoordinate kinetics in response to different peptide epitopes. Kinetics were not exclusively due to specific characteristics of the MHC class I molecule, and were not altered in an Ag-independent manner by concurrent LM infection. Mice immunized with listeriolysin O 91-99-coated BMDCs are protected against high dose challenge with virulent LM. This protection was enhanced by diversifying the memory CD8(+) T cell compartment, even in the absence of a large increase in Ag-specific CD8(+) memory T cells.
Brief announcement (2005)

The task of designing algorithms for constantly changing networks is difficult. We focus on mobile ad-hoc networks, where mobile processors attempt to coordinate despite minimal infrastructure support. We develop new techniques to cope with this dynamic, heterogeneous, and chaotic environment. We mask the unpredictable behavior of mobile networks by defining and emulating a virtual infrastructure, consisting of timing-aware and location-aware machines at fixed locations, that mobile nodes can interact with. The static virtual infrastructure allows appplication developers to use simpler algorithms — including many previously developed for fixed networks. Virtual Stationary Automata programming layer. Our programming abstraction consists of a static infrastructure of fixed, timed virtual machines with an explicit notion of real time, called Virtual Stationary Automata (VSAs), distributed at known locations over the plane, and emulated by the real mobile nodes in the system. Each VSA represents a predetermined geographic area and has broadcast capabilities similar to those of the mobile nodes, allowing nearby VSAs and mobile nodes to communicate with one another. This programming layer provides mobile nodes with a virtual infrastructure with which to coordinate their actions. Many practical algorithms depend significantly on timing, and it is reasonable to assume that many mobile nodes have access to reasonably synchronized clocks. In the VSA programming layer, the virtual automata also have access to virtual clocks, guaranteed to not drift too far from real time. Our virtual infrastructure differs in key ways from others that have previously been proposed for mobile ad-hoc networks. The GeoQuorums algorithm [2] was the first to use virtual nodes; the virtual nodes in that work are atomic objects at fixed geographical locations. More general virtual mobile automata were suggested in [1]; our automata are more powerful than those in [1] in that ours include timing capabilities, which are important for many applications. Also, our automata are stationary, and are arranged in a connected pattern that is similar to a traditional wired ne-
Anti-Helicobacter pylori Activity of Bifidobacterium spp. (2000)

【The inhibitory effects of different Bifidobacterium spp. on the growth of Helicobacter pylori (HP) were investigated. A significant suppression of HP growth occurred only when HP was inoculated onto a petri dish containing 0.1 mg/ml of Bifidobacterium spp. When HP was separately cultured with B. breve K-110, B. catenulatum K-309, B magnum K-311, B. magnum K-321, and B. cuniculi K-513, the urease activity was also inhibited by these Bifidobacterium spp. Therefore, it appears that these Bifidobacterium spp. excrete a heat-labile inhibitory component for HP growth into the culture medium. Although most organic acids produced by the Bifidobacterium spp. inhibited the growth of HP, the HP growth was not inhibited by the physiological concentrations of organic acids produced in bifidobacteria-cultured media. Accordingly, these results suggest that some Bifidobacterium spp. may produce antibiotic-like compounds (bacteriocins).】
Electrophysiological properties of guinea‐pig thalamic neurones: an in vitro study. (1984)

The electroresponsive properties of guinea-pig thalamic neurones were studied using an in vitro slice preparation. A total of 650 cells were recorded intracellularly comprising all regions of the thalamus; of these 229 fulfilled our criterion for recording stability and were used as the data base for this report. The resting membrane potential for thirty-four representative neurones which were analysed in detail was -64 +/- 5 mV (mean +/- S.D.), input resistance 42 +/- 18 M omega, and action potential amplitude 80 +/- 7 mV. Intracellular staining with horseradish peroxidase and Lucifer Yellow revealed that the recorded cells had different morphology. In some their axonal trajectory characterized them as thalamo-cortical relay cells. Two main types of neuronal firing were observed. From a membrane potential negative to -60 mV, anti- or orthodromic and direct activation generated a single burst of spikes, consisting of a low-threshold spike (l.t.s.) of low amplitude and a set of fast superimposed spikes. Tonic repetitive firing was observed if the neurones were activated from a more positive membrane potential; this was a constant finding in all but two of the cells which fulfilled the stability criteria. The l.t.s. response was totally inactivated at membrane potentials positive to -55 mV. As the membrane was hyperpolarized from this level the amplitude of the l.t.s. increased and became fully developed at potentials negative to -70 mV. This increase is due to a de-inactivation of the ionic conductance generating this response. After activation the l.t.s. showed refractoriness for approximately 170 ms. Deinactivation of l.t.s. is a voltage- and time-dependent process; full de-inactivation after a step hyperpolarization to maximal l.t.s. amplitude (-75 to -80 mV) requires 150-180 ms. Membrane depolarization positive to -55 mV generated sudden sustained depolarizing 'plateau potentials', capable of supporting repetitive firing (each action potential being followed by a marked after-hyperpolarization, a.h.p.). The a.h.p. and the plateau potential controlled the voltage trajectory during the interspike interval and, with the fast spike, constitute a functional state where the thalamic neurone displayed oscillatory properties. Frequency-current (f-I) plots from different initial levels of membrane potential were obtained by the application of square current pulses of long duration (2s). From resting membrane potential and from hyperpolarized levels a rather stereotyped onset firing rate was observed due to the presence of the l.t.s.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Influence of Charge Transfer Complex Doping of Polyamide Alignment Film on SSFLC Cell Performance (1996)

Abstract New alignment films for surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystals displays (SSFLCD's) have been produced by doping standard polyamide alignment films with an organic conducting charge transfer complex. The doping process exploits absorption equilibrium between a solution of the dopant and the polymeric solid phase. Dopant concentration in the solid state has been evaluated by spectrophotometric analysis in the UV-visible range. Test displays with ITO electrodes and doped alignment layers have been fabricated and their performance evaluated with new techniques. It has been found that optical response is a function of dopant concentration in the alignment layer and that display performances can improve at an optimum concentration. In fact addressing hysteresis is reduced at low dopant concentration, but increases at higher concentrations.
Lissajous OCT angiography for large field-of-view, high-dense spatial sampling, and long-duration microvasculature imaging (2023)

OCT-based angiography (OCTA) enables imaging of retinal microvasculature. However, involuntary movements of subjects prevent obtaining microvasculature with a large field of view (FOV) with high-dense spatial sampling. Meanwhile, a short duration for blood flow detection results in unstable vasculature contrast. By combining a Lissajous scan and a slow shift, Lissajous OCT enables compensating eye movements, and then the FOV will be extended while the spatial sampling density is preserved by the slow shift. The Lissajous scan allows a long blood flow detection duration. In vivo human eye microvasculature imaging using the convolutional Lissajous OCTA is investigated with several disease eyes.
Strategies for the interconnection of heterogeneous optical networks (2014)

Optical networks are facing increased levels of heterogeneity, from types of services to the range of technologies involved. In this paper, we focus on the inter-domain heterogeneity scenario and consider the case of a set of interconnected network domains, each one using its own optical networking technology (wavelength-routing, optical burst-switching or wavelength-routed optical burst switching). We discuss different approaches to deal with such heterogeneity in order to provide end-to-end connections traversing different domains, including the use of hierarchical PCE (Path Computation Element) mechanisms and interfacing strategies between optical burst switching and wavelength routing-based networks.
Differences in maternal lineages of New Zealand Black mice defined by restriction endonuclease analysis of mitochondrial DNA and by expression of maternally transmitted antigen. (1983)

Two substrains of New Zealand Black (NZB) mice have been compared with respect to expression of a maternally transmitted cell surface antigen, Mta, defined by cloned cytolytic T cells, and for restriction enzyme polymorphisms of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). These independent assays of maternal cytoplasmic inheritance provide strong evidence for genetic contamination of the NZB/BlPt substrain (NZB/Bl mice from Michael Potter's separate colony at the National Institutes of Health), in which the typical NZB immunologic abnormalities are at least partially ameliorated. The decisive data are the restriction enzyme maps of mtDNA for NZB/BlPt, which were identical with those of the common "old inbred" strains and quite different from those of NZB/BlN (NZB/Bl mice from the breeding facility at the National Institutes of Health). It is probable that the contamination of the NZB/BlPt substrain is related to phenotypic changes in their autoimmune state. More interestingly, the data are consistent with, although they do not prove, involvement of the mitochondrial genome in expression of a cell surface molecule.