gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Central Helices of ApoA-I Can Promote ATP-binding Cassette Transporter A1 (ABCA1)-mediated Lipid Efflux (2003)

We have mapped the domains of lipid-free apoA-I that promote cAMP-dependent and cAMP-independent cholesterol and phospholipid efflux. The cAMP-dependent lipid efflux in J774 mouse macrophages was decreased by approximately 80-92% by apoA-I[delta(185-243)], only by 15% by apoA-I[delta(1-41)] or apoA-I[delta(1-59)], and was restored to 75-80% of the wild-type apoA-I control value by double deletion mutants apoA-I[delta(1-41)delta(185-243)] and apoA-I[delta(1-59)delta(185-243)]. Similar results were obtained in HEK293 cells transfected with an ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression plasmid. The double deletion mutant of apoA-I had reduced thermal and chemical stability compared with wild-type apoA-I. Sequential carboxyl-terminal deletions showed that cAMP-dependent cholesterol efflux was diminished in all the mutants tested, except the apoA-I[delta(232-243)] which had normal cholesterol efflux. In cAMP-untreated or in mock-transfected cells, cholesterol efflux was not affected by the amino-terminal deletions, but decreased by 30-40% and 50-65% by the carboxyl-terminal and double deletions, respectively. After adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in apoA-I-deficient mice, wild-type apoA-I and apoA-I[delta(1-41)] formed spherical high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, whereas apoA-I[delta(1-41)delta(185-243)] formed discoidal HDL. The findings suggest that although the central helices of apoA-I alone can promote ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux, residues 220-231 are necessary to allow functional interactions between the full-length apoA-I and ABCA1 that are required for lipid efflux and HDL biogenesis.
Maldi-масс-спектрометрия для идентификации новых белков в яде змей (2000)

С применением метода MALDI-масс-спектрометрии предпринят поиск новых полипептидных соединений, содержащихся в яде кобр в незначительных количествах. Охарактеризован ряд новых белков с молекулярной массой 7-25 кДа, типичной для известных белковых токсинов змей; при этом содержание одного из полипептидов не превышало 0.02% веса сухого яда.By MALDI MS, we searched cobra venoms for new low-content polypeptides. A number of new proteins with molecular masses 7-25 kDa, characteristic of the known snake protein toxins, were identified, with the content of one of them less than 0.02%.
Novel Nanoparticles Based on Dextran Esters with Unsaturated Moieties (2005)

Abstract Summary: Applying a dialysis process, new nanoparticles based on well‐defined dextran esters of furan‐2‐carboxylic‐ and pyroglutamic acids were prepared, which can undergo cross‐linking by UV irradiation. The highly functionalized products (total DS &gt; 2) avoid the collapse of nanoparticles due to the prevention of hydrogen bond formation. The major fraction of the dextran ester nanospheres exhibits narrow size distribution down to 250 nm as mean diameter investigated by SEM. SEM images of dextran furoate pyroglutamate nanospheres. image SEM images of dextran furoate pyroglutamate nanospheres.
Parametric Blur Estimation for Blind Restoration of Natural Images: Linear Motion and Out-of-Focus (2013)

This paper presents a new method to estimate the parameters of two types of blurs, linear uniform motion (approximated by a line characterized by angle and length) and out-of-focus (modeled as a uniform disk characterized by its radius), for blind restoration of natural images. The method is based on the spectrum of the blurred images and is supported on a weak assumption, which is valid for the most natural images: the power-spectrum is approximately isotropic and has a power-law decay with the spatial frequency. We introduce two modifications to the radon transform, which allow the identification of the blur spectrum pattern of the two types of blurs above mentioned. The blur parameters are identified by fitting an appropriate function that accounts separately for the natural image spectrum and the blur frequency response. The accuracy of the proposed method is validated by simulations, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is assessed by testing the algorithm on real natural blurred images and comparing it with state-of-the-art blind deconvolution methods.
The Indirect Complement Fixation, Hemagglutination and Conglutinating Complement Absorption Tests for Viruses of the Psittacosis-Lymphogranuloma Venereum Group (1951)

Summary Three new tests for demonstrating antibody against viruses of the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma venereum group are described. These are the indirect complement fixation test, which detects inhibitory antibody for these viruses in the sera of chickens, the hemagglutination inhibition technique for testing human and chicken sera and the conglutinating complement absorption test for use with sera from patients. The possible application of the indirect complement fixation and agglutination inhibition tests to the study of infection with these viruses in avian populations is discussed. The relative merits and demerits of the three tests as compared with the ordinary complement fixation test are also reviewed. Theoretical considerations regarding the mechanism of the indirect complement fixation test, the nature of the meningopneumonitis hemagglutinin and the inhibition of hemagglutination by calcium ion are discussed.
Ocular immune responses. II. Priming of A/J mice in the vitreous induces either enhancement of or suppression of subsequent hapten-specific DTH responses. (1986)

We previously showed that the "immunologic privilege" of the anterior chamber results not from afferent blockade, but rather from induction of hapten-specific suppressor T cells that appear after anterior chamber priming with antigen. These suppressor T cells induced by anterior chamber priming differ from those induced by i.v. priming in their ability to block the efferent as well as the afferent limb of the immune response and in their lack of idiotypic surface receptors detected by rabbit anti-idiotypic antibody. We now report that intravitreal priming with haptenated syngeneic spleen cells does not result in generation of suppressor cells, but rather, can in some instances result in an enhanced systemic immunoreactivity to the priming hapten. If soluble antigenic preparations are used, however, intravitreal priming results in the generation of the suppressor T cells, which suppress subsequent DTH and CTL responses to the immunizing hapten. The suppressor cell generation after intravitreal priming is a cyclophosphamide-sensitive process. These results demonstrate that soluble products are processed differently in ocular compartments compared with cell surface coupled ligands, and further demonstrate that the generation of hapten-specific suppressor T cells is dependent, at least in part, on the form and on the specific compartment of the eye that is inoculated.
OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF INJURED CHILDREN AT AN ADULT LEVEL 1 TRAUMA CENTER (1998)

s Of Papers To Be Presented At The Twenty-Eighth Annual Scientific Meeting Of The Western Trauma Association: February 22-28, 1998, Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada
Novelty detection based on sentence level patterns (2005)

The detection of new information in a document stream is an important component of many potential applications. In this paper, a new novelty detection approach based on the identification of sentence level patterns is proposed. Given a user's information need, some patterns in sentences such as combinations of query words, named entities and phrases, may contain more important and relevant information than single words. Therefore, the proposed novelty detection approach focuses on the identification of previously unseen query-related patterns in sentences. Specifically, a query is preprocessed and represented with patterns that include both query words and required answer types. These patterns are used to retrieve sentences, which are then determined to be novel if it is likely that a new answer is present. An analysis of patterns in sentences was performed with data from the TREC 2002 novelty track and experiments on novelty detection were carried out on data from the TREC 2003 and 2004 novelty tracks. The experimental results show that the proposed pattern-based approach significantly outperforms all three baselines in terms of precision at top ranks.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES, ANALGETIC ACTIVITY AND PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE CAPACITY OF 5‐PHENYL‐6,7‐BENZOMORPHAN DERIVATIVES (1979)

Abstract Über die Piperidine (IV) erhält man die Ammonium‐ Verbindungen (VI), die nach Umlagerung zu den Benzomorphanen (VIII) cyclisieren.
Polyprenols as possible factors that determine an instructive role of the innate immunity in the acquired immune response. (2002)

Polyprenols are an integral part of all living cells including prokaryotic and eukaryotic ones. These compounds take part in biosynthesis of glycoproteins. We have found that phosphates of polyprenols may act as effective antiviral agents with a wide spectrum of activity. One of such antiviral agents received from Pinus sativum polyprenols was named phosprenyl. Earlier we showed that phosprenyl expressed direct antiviral effect, while having mild immunomodulatory activity. In the present study we further evaluated influence of phosprenyl on the immune system. The drug was found to inhibit an early phase of IL-1 and Con A interaction in spleen cells as well as lypoxigenase activity and expression of IL-2 receptors. At the same time, phosprenyl induced NK cell activity and early TNF-alpha production. Basing on all these data we proposed that polyprenols could be considered as a "label" which grants a possibility to the innate immune system to recognize infection at the early stages and govern the acquired immunity.
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell–Derived Transforming Growth Factor-β Promotes Maturation of Activated, Neointima Lesion–Like Macrophages (2014)

SMC-derived TGF-β modulates the phenotype of maturing macrophages in vitro, recapitulating the phenotype found in vascular lesions in vivo. SMC-modulated macrophages induce SMC activation to a greater extent than control macrophages.
Trans‐species synthetic gene design allows resistance pyramiding and broad‐spectrum engineering of virus resistance in plants (2018)

To infect plants, viruses rely heavily on their host's machinery. Plant genetic resistances based on host factor modifications can be found among existing natural variability and are widely used for some but not all crops. While biotechnology can supply for the lack of natural resistance alleles, new strategies need to be developed to increase resistance spectra and durability without impairing plant development. Here, we assess how the targeted allele modification of the Arabidopsis thaliana translation initiation factor eIF4E1 can lead to broad and efficient resistance to the major group of potyviruses. A synthetic Arabidopsis thaliana eIF4E1 allele was designed by introducing multiple amino acid changes associated with resistance to potyvirus in naturally occurring Pisum sativum alleles. This new allele encodes a functional protein while maintaining plant resistance to a potyvirus isolate that usually hijacks eIF4E1. Due to its biological functionality, this synthetic allele allows, at no developmental cost, the pyramiding of resistances to potyviruses that selectively use the two major translation initiation factors, eIF4E1 or its isoform eIFiso4E. Moreover, this combination extends the resistance spectrum to potyvirus isolates for which no efficient resistance has so far been found, including resistance-breaking isolates and an unrelated virus belonging to the Luteoviridae family. This study is a proof-of-concept for the efficiency of gene engineering combined with knowledge of natural variation to generate trans-species virus resistance at no developmental cost to the plant. This has implications for breeding of crops with broad-spectrum and high durability resistance using recent genome editing techniques.
GETMAG – a SQUID Magnetic Tensor Gradiometer for Mineral and Oil Exploration (2004)

A novel rotating magnetic gradiometer system (GETMAG) has been designed, constructed, and demonstrated. The sensor is a high temperature superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) operating in liquid nitrogen (-196°C). By making measurements about three separate axes, the full magnetic gradient tensor is determined.The system has been demonstrated over a magnetite skarn deposit at Tallawang, near Gulgong, NSW, which is essentially two-dimensional (2D). The 2D structure was important because it allowed an unaliased total magnetic intensity (TMI) survey to be carried out in parallel, from which tensor components could be calculated to directly compare with the tensor components measured with the rotating gradiometer. The agreement was found to be excellent, confirming the accuracy and calibration of GETMAG and the Fourier filtering method of the calculation.Methods developed to analyse 2D tensor data utilise eigenvalue and eigenvector systematics. Notwithstanding underlying non-uniqueness of solutions for 2D structures, all determinable parameters of location, geometry, and magnetization were found to accord with directly measured properties, i.e., information gained from either exploration drilling or laboratory measurements. Only a few tensor gradiometer stations were needed to extract the same information as a whole TMI survey.A more general method to determine structure and location of sources is Tensor Euler Deconvolution. This method has been adapted for the magnetic gradient tensor in a least-squares fashion and applied to the tensors calculated from the TMI survey. Generally, an Euler index of n = 1 was found, as is expected for 2D sources. However, this approach allowed second-order features of the source, where n > 1, to be discerned. The skarn is interpreted to comprise a fresh, more highly magnetic, core at depth (~25-30 m) surrounded by a less magnetic mantle. The skarn extends to within 10 m of the surface where weathering has presumably contributed to diminished magnetization. Elsewhere, away from the skarn, Euler indices are low, approaching that of a magnetic annihilator = 0). This presumably reflects the uniformly magnetized alluvial soil cover.Our next stage is to demonstrate an airborne capability of GETMAG, beginning with a helicopter platform before moving to fixed-wing. In addition to mineral and oil exploration, we envisage applications in environmental, military, and unexploded ordnance (UXO) surveys.
Expression of Drosophila melanogaster xanthine dehydrogenase in Aspergillus nidulans and some properties of the recombinant enzyme (2002)

Recent crystal structures of xanthine dehydrogenase, xanthine oxidase and related enzymes have paved the way for a detailed structural and functional analysis of these enzymes. One problem encountered when working with these proteins, especially with recombinant protein, is that the preparations tend to be heterogeneous, with only a fraction of the enzyme molecules being active. This is due to the incompleteness of post-translational modification, which for this protein is a complex, and incompletely understood, process involving incorporation of the Mo and Fe/S centres. The enzyme has been expressed previously in both Drosophila and insect cells using baculovirus. The insect cell system has been exploited by Iwasaki et al. [Iwasaki, Okamoto, Nishino, Mizushima and Hori (2000) J. Biochem (Tokyo) 127, 771–778], but, for the rat enzyme, yields a complex mixture of enzyme forms, containing around 10% of functional enzyme. The expression of Drosophila melanogaster xanthine dehydrogenase in Aspergillus nidulans is described. The purified protein has been analysed both functionally and spectroscopically. Its specific activity is indistinguishable from that of the enzyme purified from fruit flies [Doyle, Burke, Chovnick, Dutton, Whittle and Bray (1996) Eur. J. Biochem. 239, 782–795], and it appears to be more active than recombinant xanthine dehydrogenase produced with the baculovirus system. EPR spectra of the recombinant Drosophila enzyme are reported, including parameters for the Fe/S centres. Only a very weak ‘Fe/SIII’ signal (g1,2,3, 2.057, 1.930, 1.858) was observed, in contrast to the strong analogous signal reported for the enzyme from baculovirus. Since this signal appears to be associated with incomplete post-translational modification, this is consistent with relatively more complete cofactor incorporation in the Aspergillus-produced enzyme. Thus we have developed a recombinant expression system for D. melanogaster xanthine dehydrogenase, which can be used for the production of site-specific mutations of this enzyme.
A new apparatus for electrophoretic analysis of colloidal mixtures (1937)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Sustained Impairment of Lurasidone Clearance After Discontinuation of Posaconazole (2018)

Product labeling does not address the necessary delay after discontinuation of a strong CYP3A inhibitor before lurasidone can be safely administered. We recommend requiring normal-weight and obese patients to limit the dosage of lurasidone, or undergo a washout period, for two and three weeks, respectively, after discontinuation of posaconazole.
Textile-based flexible linear-to-circular polarizing surface for sband pico-satellites (2019)

This paper presents a single layered textile-based flexible linear-to-circular polarizing surface. The proposed structure is designed based on a rectangular ring structure for CubeSat application in the S-band. Each unit cell is sized at 0.35λ×0.33λ×0.2λ for operation centered at 2.2 GHz. This unit cell is then multiplied into a 9x10 array to form the polarizing surface. It features a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 34.73%, with a minimum AR of 0.28 dB. Besides that, it also offers a 90 % conversion efficiency bandwidth of up to 47.34%. The proposed structure’s performance is validated by placing it in front of a patch antenna operating at 2.2 GHz. The antenna performance indicated an increase in terms of gain from 3.14 dBi to 7.33 dBi when integrated with the polarizing surface, besides successfully converting linearly-polarized waves to circularly-polarized.
Comorbidities of hearing loss and the implications of multimorbidity for audiological care (2018)

With increasing age, the risk of developing chronic health conditions also increases, and many older people suffer from multiple co-existing health conditions, i.e., multimorbidity. One common health condition at older age is hearing loss (HL). The current article reflects on the implications for audiological care, when HL is one of several health conditions in a multimorbidity. An overview of health conditions often co-existing with HL, so called comorbidities, is provided, including indications for the strength of the associations. The overview is based on a literature study examining cohort studies that were published in the years 2010–2018 and examined associations of hearing loss with other health conditions, namely Visual impairment, Mobility restrictions, Cognitive impairment, Psychosocial health problems, Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases, Stroke, Arthritis, and Cancer. This selection was based on previous publications on common chronic health conditions at older age and comorbidities of hearing loss. For all of these health conditions, it was found that prevalence is larger in people with a HL and several longitudinal studies also found increased incident rates in people with a HL. The examined publications provide little information on how hearing loss should be managed in the clinical care of its comorbidities and vice versa. The current article discusses several options for adaptations of current care. Nonetheless, solutions for an integrated audiology care model targeting HL in a multimorbidity are still lacking and should be subject to future research.
Direct stator flux and torque control of an induction motor: theoretical analysis and experimental results (2002)

Direct stator flux and torque control (DSFTC) is a novel technique for the control of a voltage inverter-fed induction motor (IM). It carries out a precise and quick control of the stator flux and the electromagnetic torque of an IM without calling for coordinate transformation, speed measurement and stator current control. In principle, moreover, DSFTC operation requires only the knowledge of the stator resistance. The tutorial starts by reviewing the operation of an IM and of a voltage inverter using the space vector theory. The concept of DSFTC is then introduced, illustrating the action of an inverter supply on the stator flux and the electromagnetic torque of an IM. Afterwards, implementation of DSFTC according to the switching table (ST) strategy is focused. Different STs are considered and their influence on the torque response is shown by means of calculated and experimental data. The relationships between the drive performance, such as losses and switching frequency, and the amplitude of the hysteresis bands of the flux and torque controllers are given. Sensitivity to errors in the control system is also investigated. Solutions which improve the torque characteristic and the low-speed performance of the drive are presented. Finally, the DSFTC strategy, termed direct self control, and a scheme based on the space vector modulation are described, explaining how they can be interpreted as either a particular case or an extension of the ST strategy.
Hydrocarbon Liquid Production from Biomass via Hot-Vapor-Filtered Fast Pyrolysis and Catalytic Hydroprocessing of the Bio-oil (2014)

Hot-vapor-filtered bio-oils were produced from two different biomass feedstocks, oak and switchgrass, and the oils were evaluated in hydroprocessing tests for the production of liquid hydrocarbon products. Hot-vapor filtering reduced bio-oil yields and increased gas yields. The yields of fuel carbon as bio-oil were reduced by 10% by hot-vapor filtering for both feedstocks. The unfiltered bio-oils were evaluated alongside the filtered bio-oils using a fixed-bed catalytic hydrotreating test. These tests showed good processing results using a two-stage catalytic hydroprocessing strategy. Equal-sized catalyst beds, sulfided Ru on a C catalyst bed operated at 220 °C and sulfided CoMo on an Al2O3 catalyst bed operated at 400 °C were used with the entire reactor at 10 MPa operating pressure. The products from the four tests were similar. The light-oil-phase product was fully hydrotreated, so that nitrogen and sulfur were below the level of detection, while the residual oxygen ranged from 0.3 to 2.0%. The density of the products varied from 0.80 to 0.86 g/mL over the period of the test with a correlated change of the hydrogen/carbon atomic ratio from 1.79 to 1.57, suggesting some loss of catalyst activity through the test. These tests provided the data needed to assess the suite of liquid fuel products from the process and the activity of the catalyst in the relationship to the existing catalyst lifetime barrier for the technology.
A Novel Route to 2‐Ethoxybutadienes; Diels‐Alder Reaction of 1,2‐λ5‐Oxaphosphorines (1981)

2-Ethoxybutadienes—enol ethers of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds universally applicable as synthons can be prepared from primary alkyl halides, carboxylic acid derivatives and aldehydes as alkyl- and aryl-substituted derivatives (1) as well as acyl derivatives (2). Intermediary acylphosphoranes cyclize in part to 1,2-λ5-oxaphosphorines, which function as dienes in Diels-Alder reactions.