gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
UV-B-Induced PR-1 Accumulation Is Mediated by Active Oxygen Species. (1995)

Depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer may result in an increase in the levels of potentially harmful UV-B radiation reaching the surface of the earth. We have found that UV-B is a potent inducer of the plant pathogenesis-related protein PR-1 in tobacco leaves. UV-B fluences required for PR-1 accumulation are similar to those of other UV-B-induced responses. The UV-B-induced PR-1 accumulation was confined precisely to the irradiated area of the leaf but displayed no leaf tissue specificity. A study of some of the possible components of the signal transduction pathway between UV-B and PR-1 induction showed that photosynthetic processes are not essential, and photoreversible DNA damage is not involved. Antioxidants and cycloheximide were able to block the induction of PR-1 by UV-B, and treatment of leaves with a generator of reactive oxygen resulted in the accumulation of PR-1 protein. These results demonstrate an absolute requirement for active oxygen species and protein synthesis in this UV-B signal transduction pathway. In contrast, we also show that other elicitors, notably salicylic acid, are able to elicit PR-1 via nonreactive oxygen species-requiring pathways.
The Crisis in Local Institutional Review Boards (2002)

Letters5 March 2002The Crisis in Local Institutional Review BoardsAlan M. Sugar, MDAlan M. Sugar, MDBoston University School of Medicine; Wellesley, MA 02481 (Sugar)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-5-200203050-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The papers by Burman and colleagues (1) and Levine (2) highlight problems in clinical research. However, there are additional factors. None of the suggestions in these papers seem to enhance the IRB's protection of research subjects.The IRB workload has increased enormously (3), but this is not due solely to the increase in the number of multicenter clinical studies. Investigator-initiated trials and study complexity have increased, resulting in the need for expertise in evaluating the studies and methods for suitably explaining protocols to prospective subjects.One major problem is emphasis on regulation and paperwork, often at the ...References1. Burman WJ, Reves RR, Cohn DL, Schooley RT. Breaking the camel's back: multicenter clinical trials and local institutional review boards. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:152-7. [PMID: 11177319] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Levine RJ. Institutional review boards: a crisis in confidence [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:161-3. [PMID: 11177321] LinkGoogle Scholar3. . Protecting Human Research Subjects: Status of Recommendations. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Inspector General. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2000. Google Scholar4. Hammerschmidt DE, Keane MA. Institutional Review Board (IRB) review lacks impact on the readability of consent forms for research. Am J Med Sci. 1992;304:348-51. [PMID: 1456273] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston University School of Medicine; Wellesley, MA 02481 (Sugar) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoInstitutional Review Boards: A Crisis in Confidence Robert J. Levine Breaking the Camel's Back: Multicenter Clinical Trials and Local Institutional Review Boards William J. Burman , Randall R. Reves , David L. Cohn , and Robert T. Schooley The Crisis in Local Institutional Review Boards Stephanie Nagy-Agren The Crisis in Local Institutional Review Boards William J. Burman and Randall R. Reves The Crisis in Local Institutional Review Boards Jamie Ellen Siegel , Ann Vaughn , and Elaine Baszczewski Metrics 5 March 2002Volume 136, Issue 5Page: 410KeywordsEmotionsInstitutional review boards ePublished: 5 March 2002 Issue Published: 5 March 2002 CopyrightCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Optimized thickness of superconducting aluminum electrodes for measurement of spin polarization with MgO tunnel barriers (2007)

Superconducting tunneling spectroscopy (STS) is one of the most useful techniques for measuring the tunneling spin polarization of magnetic materials, typically carried out using aluminum electrodes. Recent studies using MgO barriers have shown the extreme sensitivity of the spin polarization to annealing at temperatures up to ∼400°C. Here the authors show that by optimizing the thickness of aluminum superconducting electrodes, STS measurements can be carried out even for such high annealing temperatures.
Efficient static analysis with path pruning using coverage data (2005)

Soundness and completeness are two primary concerns of a static analysis tool for finding defects in software. Exhaustive static analysis of the program through all paths is not always possible, especially for a large software causing incompleteness in the analysis. Also, exhaustive testing of the program to detect all bugs is not possible. In this work, we describe a technique which uses coverage data from testing to remove the tested paths and then statically analyzes the remaining code. This pruning of tested paths allows a static analyzer to perform a more thorough analysis of the reduced code, thereby improving its effectiveness. This work is a step towards integration of static analysis and testing frameworks. The proposed technique is applied with a few static analyzers publicly available. Our experience shows that the approach results in lesser false positives as well as detection of more serious errors which might have gone unnoticed otherwise.
Oriented growth of ultrathin tungsten films on sapphire substrates (1987)

Thin layers of tungsten∼30 and 300 Å thick were grown by electron-beam evaporation on (11̄02) sapphire substrates in a vacuum better than 10−8 Torr at a substrate temperature of 450 °C. After deposition, the films were characterized by x-ray diffraction in three ways: conventional Bragg diffraction, small-angle interferences, and grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction. In spite of the large lattice mismatch (∼10.5%) and the low deposition temperature, a well-oriented deposit with the orientation (001)W tilted ∼5° from (11̄02)Al2O3 towards (0001), and [110]W∥[112̄0]Al2O3 was obtained. Films with thicknesses ≳30 Å showed excellent planeness and smoothness. Films less than 30 Å thick are not continuous but consist of separate, oriented islands. In the films ≲30 Å thick, a small tensile strain of ≲0.6% was observed parallel to the interface. No strain was observed in the ∼300-Å-thick film.
Vapor−Liquid Equilibria for the Binary System of 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane (HFC-143a) + Butane (R600) at Various Temperatures (2008)

Isothermal vapor−liquid equilibrium data for the binary mixture of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a) + butane (R600) were measured at (273.15, 283.15, 293.15, 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15) K, respectively. The experiments were carried out using a continuous circulation-type equilibrium apparatus to measure temperature, pressure, and the compositions of the liquid and vapor phases. The experimental data were correlated with the Peng−Robinson equation of state (PR-EOS) using the van der Waals mixing rule. Calculated results showed good agreement with experimental data. Azeotropic behavior was not found in the temperatures studied here.
RNA Interference in Cancer: Targeting the Anti-Apoptotic Protein c-FLIP for Drug Discovery (2009)

The silencing of genes by RNA interference (RNAi) has identified proteins involved in the resistance of cancers to chemotherapeutic drugs. Resistance is associated with defects in the apoptotic signaling pathways. In this article, we examine using RNAi to target the anti-apoptotic protein cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) for drug development.
Conformational isomerization of hexahydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triazine (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformational isomerization of hexahydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-triazineHerbert S. Gutowsky and Piero A. TemussiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 17, 4358–4361Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00993a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00993a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views116Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Surface electromyogram (sEMG) detection and analysis in the development of an Exoskeleton Control System (2012)

Numerous research have been carried out to develop robotic assistive technology for rehabilitation of stroke patients. The conventional robotic assistive technology was based on pre-programmed functions by the robot personnel. This makes it difficult for stroke patients to use it effectively due to unsuitable torque and movements set by the robot. Electromyography (EMG) signal measures the muscle contraction. The EMG-based robotic assistive technology would enable the stroke patients to control the robot movement according to their own strength. In this paper, surface EMG signal detection and analysis using the root mean square (RMS) and mean absolute value (MAV) for bicep and triceps muscles are discussed in detail. This information is vital in the development of a robotics assistive control system.
Mesodroplet Heterogeneity of Low-Concentration Aqueous Solutions of Polar Organic Compounds (2019)

It is found experimentally that a mesoscopic droplet phase is formed in low-concentration aqueous solutions of various polar organic compounds, which are considered in the chemical literature as infinitely soluble in water. The content of dissolved organic molecules in droplets is much higher than in the ambient solution. The droplet size increases with temperature. Theory can explain the mesodroplet formation by the phase separation of a binary mixture affected by the dichotomous noise of twinkling hydrogen bonds between molecules of organic compound and water. The Snyder polarity index, which is used by chemists as a miscibility criterion for molecular compounds, depends in the model on the dipole moments of mixed molecules and the energy and number of hydrogen bonds. With this refinement, it can be used as an estimation criterion for the existence and intensity (i.e., the number of droplets per unit volume of organic aqueous solution) of mesodroplet separation.
40 GHz waveguide-integrated two-dimensional palladium diselenide photodetectors (2022)

Hybrid integration of two-dimensional (2D) materials with photonic integrated circuits can enable additional functionality in planar waveguides based on excellent optical and electrical properties of 2D materials. 2D layered palladium diselenide (PdSe2) has a narrow energy bandgap and high carrier mobility, and its stability under normal laboratory environment conditions makes it of interest for use as high-performance infrared photodetectors. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a high-speed waveguide-integrated photodetector which uses chemical vapor deposition grown PdSe2 transferred onto a silicon waveguide. At 1550 nm wavelength, the photodetector can be operated without external bias with a responsivity of 0.57 mA/W and a responsivity of 20 mA/W at 6 V bias voltage. The detector had an impulse response full-width-half-maximum pulse width of about 11 ps, corresponding to a 3-dB bandwidth of 40 GHz.
MindSynchro (2021)

This report presents the developments and results of MindSynchro project as part of DOE OE FOA 1861. DOE and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) have made available to FOA awardees datasets containing years of real historical data recorded from various phasor measurement units (PMUs) which are installed in three large US interconnections: Texas (IC A), Western (IC B), and Eastern (IC C). The main goal of the project, which was successfully achieved, was to develop methods for detection and identification of events which are relevant for power grid operation. Tasks performed for achieving the project goals included data exploration and pre-processing, the development and application of physics-based features, data analysis and labeling based on unsupervised learning approaches, training and testing of DSSL models for classification of events which are relevant for power grid operation, and deployment of solutions to cloud environments. The methods developed in the project can potentially provide relevant benefits to power grid asset owners/operators in general in terms of situational awareness. Two main types of outcomes can be provided by these tools: Identification of specific relevant power grid event types: Semi-supervised ML methods developed in the project can adequately employ not only the relatively scarce labeled data but also the large amount of available unlabeled data to train models for detection of specific event types. Such methods enable the application of trained models for the detection of events in a population of PMUs much larger than that associated to the labeled events. Support in data labeling / label validation: Labels are critical for training of models for identification of specific types of events. However, labeling large amounts of data is a manual and tedious process. This means that such process is error prone and is not scalable. Methods developed in the project, based on ensembles of clustering models, have been successfully employed for turning manual labeling into a scalable process. Accurate identification of specific relevant events can provide the operators with immediate situational awareness that could otherwise require hours or days of analysis from domain experts. We envision that such methods could be initially employed in support of post-mortem analysis of events and, as confidence is gained, they could be employed for online/real-time support, providing, among other benefits, insights for avoiding major events which could happen due to a combination of smaller ones. On the longer term, related methods could potentially be employed to improve protection and control.
Expression and regulation of avian beta-defensin 8 protein in immune tissues and cell lines of chickens (2018)

Our study provides the expression and regulation of chicken AvBD8 protein in immune tissues and cells, which play crucial role in the innate immunity.
Extended Kalman Filter for Ship Tracking (2017)

There are obvious electrostatic field characteristics around the ship. Eelectric dipole in three-layer medium is used to describe the characteristics of the ship. The tracking problem of electric dipole with extend Kalman Filter is studied. First, according to the movement characteristics of the target, state space model is built. Then the extend Kalman Filter is introduced. Simulation results demonstrate that this method is feasible for the field of the real-time tracking of ship with the advantage of high preciseness.
Electrochemical deposition of novel semiconductors for thermoelectric devices (2000)

Thermoelectric microgenerators are an approach to power conversion which can deliver milliwatts to watts of power at a few to several tens of volts.
[Intoxication by powdered seeds of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) used nasally as snuff - a case report]. (2014)

There are only few reports in the medical literature about side effects and toxicity of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum). We report a 15-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital because of symptoms including: vomiting, dyspnea, burning in the nose and throat, and syncope, after intranasal snuff of powdered horse chestnut seeds. Laboratory tests showed no abnormalities. After 2 days of hospitalization the female was discharged home with subjective and objective improvement. Preparation and use of snuff is related to the tradition of the kashubian region. The powder formed from horse chestnuts, which is white in color, effects after about 5-10 minutes, and causes severe irritation of the nasal mucous membranes, which results in sneezing. Responsible for side effects is mainly aescin. The most frequently observed aescin intoxication symptoms were gastrointestinal irritation and allergic reactions. Intoxication by powdered seeds of horse chestnut used nasally as snuff may lead, as it was in our case, to sudden and self-limiting clinical symptoms. Supportive therapy and a short hospital observation seems to be sufficient in such cases.
Traveltime tomography with multioffset common‐reflection points (1991)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1991Traveltime tomography with multioffset common‐reflection pointsAuthors: William S. HarlanDouglas W. HansonMark BoydWilliam S. HarlanConoco Inc., Douglas W. HansonConoco Inc., and Mark BoydConoco Inc.https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1888775 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1888775FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByWavelet balancing for residual moveoutsWilliam S. Harlan24 October 2014 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 79, No. 6Structure tensor constrained tomographic migration velocity analysisShengwen Jin*, Shiyong Xu, Fan Xia, Rick Ottolini, and Yiqing Ren5 August 2014 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1991ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1991 Pages: 1646 publication data© 1991 Copyright © 1991 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION William S. Harlan, Douglas W. Hanson, and Mark Boyd, (1991), "Traveltime tomography with multioffset common‐reflection points," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 974-976. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1888775 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Blunted natriuretic response and low blood pressure after atrial natriuretic factor in early cirrhosis (1989)

We compared the natriuretic response to a standard dose of atrial natriuretic factor in nine patients with early cirrhosis (no ascites or edema) with the response in normal subjects displaying a range of baseline sodium excretions due to different sodium intakes (20 mmoles per day, n = 9; 100 mmoles per day, n = 9, and 200 mmoles per day, n = 9). In these normal subjects, sodium output rose, in the same order, from 49 +/- 12 to 177 +/- 26, from 116 +/- 21 to 365 +/- 106 and from 228 +/- 29 to 901 +/- 85 mumoles per min in the first 20 min after 100 micrograms atrial natriuretic factor (human atrial natriuretic factor 99-126). Thus, irrespective of basal excretion, natriuresis rose by at least 2-fold. In the cirrhotic patients, natriuresis rose from 173 +/- 42 to 305 +/- 77 mumoles per min, that is by hardly 1-fold, significantly less than in the normal subjects (p less than 0.01). Renal function studies indicated that atrial natriuretic factor caused less rise in glomerular filtration rate and in fractional sodium excretion. Atrial natriuretic factor induced a fall in blood pressure only in the cirrhotic group, from 130 +/- 4/81 +/- 2 to 108 +/- 4/68 +/- 3 mmHg (p less than 0.001). Plasma atrial natriuretic factor was not low in the cirrhotic patients. Although these data are compatible with a primary disturbance of sodium excretion in early cirrhosis without ascites, such an explanation is complicated by the concomitant drop in blood pressure after atrial natriuretic factor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Facile Domino Access to Chiral Bicyclo[3.2.1]octanes and Discovery of a New Catalytic Activation Mode (2010)

A highly enantio- and diastereoselective organocatalytic domino Michael−Henry process for the preparation of synthetically unique and medicinally important bicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives with four stereogenic centers including two quaternary stereocenters has been developed. Theoretical DFT calculations on the transition states have been carried out to reveal origins of the excellent stereoselectivities. A novel dual model was thus proposed.
A dose‐ranging study of the use of cyclical dydrogesterone with continuous 17β oestradiol (1995)

A dydrogesterone-17 beta oestradiol combination hormone replacement therapy confers endometrial protection with an acceptable bleeding pattern and few side effects At least 10 mg of dydrogesterone for 14 days is required for acceptable endometrial protection.
Role of the D1A dopamine receptor in the pathogenesis of genetic hypertension. (1996)

Since dopamine produced by the kidney is an intrarenal regulator of sodium transport, an abnormality of the dopaminergic system may be important in the pathogenesis of hypertension. In the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), in spite of normal renal production of dopamine and receptor density, there is defective transduction of the D1 receptor signal in renal proximal tubules, resulting in decreased inhibition of sodium transport (Na+/H+ exchanger [NHE] and Na+/K+ATPase activity) by dopamine. To determine if impaired D1 receptor regulation of NHE in proximal tubules is related to hypertension, studies were performed in a F2 generation from female Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and male SHR crosses. A D1 agonist, SKF 81297, inhibited (37.6 +/- 4.7%) NHE activity in brush border membranes of normotensive F2s (systolic blood pressure < 140 mm Hg, n = 7) but not in hypertensive F2s (n = 21). Furthermore, a D1 agonist, SKF 38393, when infused into the renal artery, dose dependently increased sodium excretion in normotensive F2s (n = 3) without altering renal blood flow but was inactive in hypertensive F2s (n = 21). Since the major D1 receptor gene expressed in renal proximal tubules is the D1A subtype, we determined the importance of this gene in the control of blood pressure in mice lacking functional D1A receptors. Systolic blood pressure was greater in homozygous (n = 6) and heterozygous (n = 5) mice compared to normal sex matched litter mate controls (n = 12); moreover, the mice lacking one or both D1A alleles developed diastolic hypertension. The cosegregation with hypertension of an impaired D1 receptor regulation of renal sodium transport and the development of elevated systolic and diastolic pressure in mice lacking one or both D1A alleles suggest a causal relationship of the D1A receptor gene with hypertension.
Role of the alkyl fragment of initiating alkoxyamine in nitroxide mediated polymerization of styrene (2010)

The role of the alkyl fragment of alkoxyamine initiating the homopolymerization of styrene is experimentally and theoretically studied in the case of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl derivatives. The rate constants of homolysis and recombination are measured for the alkoxyamines under study. The characteristics of polymerization initiated by these compounds are experimentally examined. The kinetics of polymerization is theoretically calculated with allowance for the measured kinetic parameters and the experimentally detected side reaction of hydrogen-atom transfer to the nitroxide radical during the thermolysis of alkoxyamine 2-cyano-2-isopropyl-TEMPO.