gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-8 Induces a Transient Arrest of Rolling Eosinophils on Human Endothelial Cells (2001)

Eosinophils exhibit a rolling interaction with E-selectin-expressing endothelium, and need to be activated by inflammatory mediators to firmly adhere to this surface. This study shows that IL-8 induces a transient arrest of unprimed eosinophils that roll on E-selectin present on TNF-alpha-activated HUVEC in an in vitro flow chamber. This process was antagonized by neutralizing Abs directed against IL-8 showing the specificity of the IL-8 effect. Furthermore, blocking Abs against both alpha(4) and beta(2) integrins inhibited the IL-8-induced transient arrest while these Abs had no effect when they were added separately. The IL-8-induced arrest was pertussis toxin sensitive. Studying the effect of IL-8 in more detail, we evaluated putative changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in eosinophils induced by IL-8. We could show that IL-8 induces a transient rise in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in approximately 40% of the cells provided that the eosinophils are interacting with endothelial cells or fibronectin-coated surfaces. Together these data show that resting eosinophils respond to IL-8 provided that the cells adhere on physiological surfaces. The induction of a transient arrest provides a new level of chemokine-induced regulation of leukocyte adhesion under flow conditions.
Solid-State Molecular Rotators of Anilinium and Adamantylammonium in [Ni(dmit)2]− Salts with Diverse Magnetic Properties (2008)

Supramolecular rotators of hydrogen-bonding assemblies between anilinium (Ph-NH 3 (+)) or adamantylammonium (AD-NH 3 (+)) and dibenzo[18]crown-6 (DB[18]crown-6) or meso-dicyclohexano[18]crown-6 (DCH[18]crown-6) were introduced into [Ni(dmit) 2] salts (dmit (2-) is 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolate). The ammonium moieties of Ph-NH 3 (+) and AD-NH 3 (+) cations were interacted through N-H (+) approximately O hydrogen bonding with the six oxygen atoms of crown ethers, forming 1:1 supramolecular rotator-stator structures. X-ray crystal-structure analyses revealed a jackknife-shaped conformation of DB[18]crown-6, in which two benzene rings were twisted along the same direction, in (Ph-NH 3 (+))(DB[18]crown-6)[Ni(dmit) 2] (-) ( 1) and (AD-NH 3 (+))(DB[18]crown-6)[Ni(dmit) 2] (-) ( 3), whereas the conformational flexibility of two dicyclohexyl rings was observed in (Ph-NH 3 (+))(DCH[18]crown-6)[Ni(dmit) 2] (-) ( 2) and (AD-NH 3 (+))(DCH[18]crown-6)[Ni(dmit) 2] (-) ( 4). Sufficient space for the molecular rotation of the adamantyl group was achieved in the crystals of salts 3 and 4, whereas the rotation of the phenyl group in salts 1 and 2 was rather restricted by the nearest neighboring molecules. The rotation of the adamantyl group in salts 3 and 4 was evidenced from the temperature-dependent wide-line (1)H NMR spectra, dielectric properties, and X-ray crystal structure analysis. ab initio calculations showed that the potential energy barriers for the rotations of adamantyl groups in salts 3 (Delta E approximately 18 kJmol (-1)) and 4 (Delta E approximately 15 kJmol (-1)) were similar to those of ethane ( approximately 12 kJmol (-1)) and butane (17-25 kJmol (-1)) around the C-C single bond, which were 1 order of magnitude smaller than those of phenyl groups in salts 1 (Delta E approximately 180 kJmol (-1)) and 2 (Delta E approximately 340 kJmol (-1)). 1D or 2D [Ni(dmit) 2] (-) anion arrangements were observed in the crystals according to the shape of crown ether derivatives. The 2D weak intermolecular interactions between [Ni(dmit) 2] (-) anions in salts 1 and 3 led to Curie-Weiss behavior with weak antiferromagnetic interaction, whereas 1D interactions through lateral sulfur-sulfur atomic contacts between [Ni(dmit) 2] (-) anions were observed in salts 2 and 4, whose magnetic behaviors were dictated by ferromagnetic (salt 2) and singlet-triplet (salt 4) intermolecular magnetic interactions, respectively.
Baseline Urodynamic Predictors of Treatment Failure 1 Year After Mid Urethral Sling Surgery (2011)

Women with a Valsalva leak point pressure or maximum urethral closure pressure in the lowest quartile are nearly 2-fold more likely to experience stress urinary incontinence 1 year after transobturator or retropubic mid urethral sling.
Investigating the Performance Improvement of a Photovoltaic System in a Tropical Climate using Water Cooling Method (2019)

The performance of a crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) system is greatly reduced with the increase of the temperature of the solar panels, especially in the tropics. In this study, a water-film cooling system was installed onto a retrofitted rooftop PV system, which is operating as a distributed generation system. The experiment shows that this method not only can reduce the thermal stress between the front and the back surfaces of the solar panels, it also minimises the non-uniform distribution of temperature across different positions of the solar panels. Besides, the cooling system with an optimal cooling water flow rate of 6 L/min can improve the power output by 32 W per 260-W-rated-PV-module (15% improvement) and with the net energy gain of 0.0178 kWh/hour/panel at 1150 W/m2 solar irradiance. In addition, the collected rainwater from the site is sufficient to cover the water needs for the cooling system. This method justifies that the proposed water-cooling method is technically feasible to provide a positive energy generation for a photovoltaic system.
Penicillium brocae, a new species associated with the coffee berry borer in Chiapas, Mexico (2003)

Penicillium brocae is a new monoverticillate species isolated from coffee berry borers collected at coffee plantations in Mexico near Cacahoatán, Chiapas, and from borers reared on artificial diets at ECOSUR laboratory facilities in Tapachula, Chiapas. Phenotypically, it is in Penicillium series Implicatum, but because it does not conform to known species we have described it as new. ITS and large subunit rDNA were sequenced and compared to determine the phylogenetic position of this species. It is most closely related to Penicillium adametzii. Penicillium brocae has only been found in association with the coffee berry borer and is one of several fungi that grow in coffee berry borer galleries. Penicillium brocae may provide the exogenous sterols necessary for the coffee berry borer's development and thus be mutualistically associated with the insect.
Hyperbolic caching: flexible caching for web applications (2017)

Today's web applications rely heavily on caching to reduce latency and backend load, using services like Redis or Memcached that employ inflexible caching algorithms. But the needs of each application vary, and significant performance gains can be achieved with a tailored strategy, e.g., incorporating cost of fetching, expiration time, and so forth. Existing strategies are fundamentally limited, however, because they rely on data structures to maintain a total ordering of the cached items.

Inspired by Redis's use of random sampling for eviction (in lieu of a data structure) and recent theoretical justification for this approach, we design a new caching algorithm for web applications called hyperbolic caching. Unlike prior schemes, hyperbolic caching decays item priorities at variable rates and continuously reorders many items at once. By combining random sampling with lazy evaluation of the hyperbolic priority function, we gain complete flexibility in customizing the function. For example, we describe extensions that incorporate item cost, expiration time, and windowing. We also introduce the notion of a cost class in order to measure the costs and manipulate the priorities of all items belonging to a related group.

We design a hyperbolic caching variant for several production systems from leading cloud providers. We implement our scheme in Redis and the Django web framework. Using real and simulated traces, we show that hyperbolic caching reduces miss rates by ∼10-20% over competitive baselines tailored to the application, and improves end-to-end throughput by ∼5-10%.
A Statistical Method for Predicting Automobile Driving Posture (2002)

A new model for predicting automobile driving posture is presented. The model, based on data from a study of 68 men and women in 18 vehicle package and seat conditions, is designed for use in posturing the human figure models that are increasingly used for vehicle interior design. The model uses a series of independent regression models, coupled with data-guided inverse kinematics, to fit a whole-body linkage. An important characteristic of the new model is that it places greatest importance on prediction accuracy for the body locations that are most important for vehicle interior design: eye location and hip location. The model predictions were compared with the driving postures of 120 men and women in five vehicles. Errors in mean eye location predictions in the vehicles were typically less than 10 mm. Prediction errors were largely independent of anthropometric variables and vehicle layout. Although the average posture of a group of people can be predicted accurately, individuals' postures cannot be predicted precisely because of interindividual posture variance that is unrelated to key anthropometric variables. The posture prediction models developed in this research can be applied to posturing computer-rendered human models to improve the accuracy of ergonomic assessments of vehicle interiors.
Early morning neutropenia in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (2006)

skin rashes, had stopped taking it, and presented at our outpatient clinic. She was in mild distress and showed neck lymphadenopathy, erythema on the trunk, mild leukocytopenia (1800/μl), and neutropenia (1100/μl; band cells, 560/μl). No other hematological, liver function, or urinary abnormalities, renal dysfunction, or inflammatory signs were identified. She was admitted to our hospital the next day. On admission, she was afebrile and seemed in better condition than when seen at the outpatient clinic. Physical examination did not reveal any abnormalities of the cardiovascular or respiratory system, marked hepatosplenomegaly, or neurological abnormalities. Her lymphadenopathy and erythema were improved. The next morning, the peripheral neutrophil count was decreased, to 280/μl (band cells, 45/μl; total leukocytes, 1800/μl); a blood sample obtained later the same day, however, showed that the neutrophil count had risen to 1400/μl (band cells, not detected; total leukocytes, 2200/μl). On the 3rd and 6th hospital days severe neutropenia, i.e., 360/μl (band cells, 70/μl; total leukocytes, 1400/μl) and 260/μl (band cells, 130/μl; total leukocytes, 1400/μl), respectively, was found again, but in the second blood samples obtained on the same days the neutrophil counts were again increased, to 1060/μl (band cells, not detected; total leukocytes, 2500/μl) and 2580/μl (band cells, not detected; total leukocytes, 3400/μl), respectively. During the hospitalization, her general condition markedly improved and we identified no remarkably abnormal laboratory findings for cytomegalovirus pp65 antigen assay, anti-human herpesvirus-6 IgM antibody, Epstein–Barr virus-associated antibodies, anti-histone antibody, anti-dsDNA antibody, or anti-granulocyte antibody. However, a lymphocyte-stimulating test was positive only for Zonisamide, indicating that her symptoms including fever and skin rashes were evoked by allergic reactions for Zonisamide, rather than flare-up of SLE or viral infection. The severe neutropenia was identified only for the blood samples obtained at around 06:00h, not in the second samples, taken at around 10:00h, on the same days. (In our hospital, blood is usually sampled from in-patients at 06:00– 06:30, before breakfast). Thus, as we suspected diurnal
2-Aminobiphenyl Palladacycles: The “Most Powerful” Precatalysts in C–C and C–Heteroatom Cross-Couplings (2015)

New approaches to the Pd-catalysis employing palladacycle precatalysts have been recently developed. Breakthroughs in this area using 2-aminobiphenyl palladacycle precatalysts are highlighted. High reactivity and selectivity are achieved for the C–C and C–heteroatom bond formation under mild reaction conditions.
Role of reactive oxygen intermediates in TCR-induced death of T cell blasts and hybridomas (1996)

The functional role of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) in activation-induced death of mature T lymphocytes and hybridomas was tested using antioxidants and inhibitors of enzymes that generate oxidants. These agents were shown to inhibit TCR-triggered death in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting a possible role of ROI in this death. Since the TCR-induced death of both human T blasts and the murine T cell hybridoma 2B4 involve an initial step of TCR-induced Fas ligand (FasL) up-regulation followed by a lethal step induced by Fas cross-linking, both steps were examined separately for ROI dependence. The thiol antioxidants N-acetyl cysteine and glutathione blocked Fas-induced death triggered via cross-linking either by IgM anti-Fas or cell-bound FasL, while the other inhibitors of activation-induced death did not block this late lethal step. None of the agents used blocked early events after TCR ligation, as seen by the lack of inhibition of IL-2 secretion or CD69 up-regulation. However, the nonthiol agents that blocked activation-induced death all blocked FasL up-regulation induced by TCR signals in the hybridoma, as measured by a functional assay. Agents inhibiting FasL up-regulation also inhibited activation-induced ROI generation in the hybridoma, as detected by flow cytometry using dihydrorhodamine oxidation. Furthermore, a good correlation was found between the extent of ROI generation and functional FasL expression in 2B4 cells. Thus, while ROI do not appear to act as downstream mediators of apoptotic death induced by steroid or Fas cross-linking in T cells, they are generated by TCR signaling and appear to participate in FasL up-regulation.
Extensible cellulosic fibre-polyurethane composites prepared via the papermaking pathway (2018)

Formable papers can be used as an alternative to rigid plastics for making 3D shapes for packaging applications. However, commercial use of formable paper is currently limited, due to its poor extensibility. Cellulosic fibres can be combined with polyurethanes to improve the deformability of resulting fibre-polymer composites. This work describes the effect of spray and wet-end addition of polyurethane dispersions to paper to enhance the extensibility and formability of paper. The increase in extensibility was directly proportional to the amount of polyurethane retained in the paper. Absolute improvements in extensibility were as high as 4 to 6 percentage points. Improved extensibility resulted in better formability of paper, which eventually could allow it to compete with plastic packaging in certain applications.
Polysaccharide building blocks : a sustainable approach to renewable biomaterials (2012)

Foreword vii Preface ix Contributors xi 1 Recent Advances in Cellulose Chemistry 1 Thomas Heinze and Katrin Petzold-Welcke 2 Cellulosic Aerogels 51 Falk Liebner, Emmerich Haimer, Antje Potthast, and Thomas Rosenau 3 Nanocelluloses: Emerging Building Blocks for Renewable Materials 105 Youssef Habibi and Lucian A. Lucia 4 Interactions of Chitosan with Metals for Water Purification 127 Mohammed Rhazi, Abdelouhad Tolaimate, and Youssef Habibi 5 Recent Developments in Chitin and Chitosan Bio-Based Materials Used for Food Preservation 143 Veronique Coma 6 Chitin and Chitosan as Biomaterial Building Blocks 177 JoseF. Louvier-Hernandez and Ram B. Gupta 7 Chitosan Derivatives for Bioadhesive/Hemostatic Applications: Chemical and Biological Aspects 199 Mai Yamazaki and Samuel M. Hudson 8 Chitin Nanofibers as Building Blocks for Advanced Materials 227 Youssef Habibi and Lucian A. Lucia 9 Electrical Conductivity and Polysaccharides 247 Axel Russler and Thomas Rosenau 10 Polysaccharide-Based Porous Materials 271 Peter S. Shuttleworth, Avtar Matharu, and James H. Clark 11 Starch-Based Bionanocomposites: Processing and Properties 287 Visakh P. M., Aji P. Mathew, Kristiina Oksman, and Sabu Thomas 12 Starch-Based Sustainable Materials 307 Luc Averous 13 The Potential of Xylans as Biomaterial Resources 331 Anna Ebringerova 14 Micro- and Nanoparticles from Hemicelluloses 367 Emmerich Haimer, Falk Liebner, Antje Potthast, and Thomas Rosenau 15 Nonxylan Hemicelluloses as a Source of Renewable Materials 387 David Plackett and Natanya Hansen Index 409
Lot sizing algorithms with applications to engineering and economics (1984)

This paper presents two new solution procedures for a deterministic lot size problem, a matrix algorithm and a heuristic matrix method. The algorithm is based on the dual of a linear programming model formulation of the lot size problem, and it provides optimal solutions even in the general case of time-varying parameters. A comparison of the efficiency of the new solution procedures with well-known methods is developed. New applications of the techniques described within the fields of engineering (optimal design of a pump-pipe system) and economics (a model for import-planning) are referred to.
A 150 ns 16-Mb CMOS SRAM with interdigitated bit-line architecture (1992)

Circuit techniques for a reduced-voltage-amplitude data bus, fast access 16-Mb CMOS SRAM are described. An interdigitated bit-line architecture reduces data bus line length, thus minimizing bus capacitance. A hierarchical sense amplifier consists of 32 local sense amplifiers and a current sense amplifier. The current sense amplifier is used to reduce the data bus voltage amplitude and the sensing of the 16-b data bus signals in parallel. Access time of 15 ns and an active power of 165 mW were achieved in a 16-Mb CMOS SRAM. A split-word-line layout memory cell with double-gate pMOS thin-film transistors (TFTs) keeps the transistor width stable while providing high-stability memory cell characteristics. The double-gate pMOS TFT also increases cell-storage node capacitance and soft-error immunity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
User Security Behavior on Wireless Networks: An Empirical Study (2007)

Wireless networks are rapidly becoming ubiquitous but are often insecure and leave users responsible for their own security. We empirically study whether users are successfully securing their client computers when using wireless networks. Automated techniques are used that scan users' machines after they associate with a university wireless network. This determines whether a firewall is being used and what TCP ports are open. Results show that over 9% of 3,331 unique computers scanned were not using a properly configured firewall. In addition, almost 9% had at least one TCP port open, with almost 6% having open ports with significant security implications. We also found and discuss cases where connected computers were compromised by Trojan programs such as SubSeven and NetBus. We discuss the generalizability of our results to other potentially insecure wireless networks, and suggestions for further research
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF 11β‐ALKYL‐19‐NORSTEROIDS‐ A NOVEL CLASS OF POTENT STEROID HORMONES. I. THE SYNTHESIS OF 11β‐METHYL AND 11β‐ETHYLESTRADIOL (1977)

Abstract 1. Dehydratisierung der aus den Ketonen (I) erhältlichen Carbinole (II) gibt die Methyl‐steroide (III), aus denen die gewünschten Verbindungen (IVa) bzw. (IVb) erhalten werden.
CASE REPORT: Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas keratitis and sequential endophthalmitis treated with chlorhexidine and piperacillin-tazobactam (2023)

Purpose To report the clinical course and treatment strategies employed in management of a case of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis progressing to endophthalmitis. The drug-resistant strain was later traced to use of contaminated EzriCare Artificial Tears in a multi-state cluster outbreak. Observations A 57-year-old male patient with a history of Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty was referred for a culture-positive Pseudomonas corneal ulcer in the right eye that had been treated with several weeks of topical moxifloxacin, fortified vancomycin and tobramycin, and intravitreal injections for endophthalmitis. His cornea was cultured off of antibiotics and grew only rare Propionibacterium acnes. Topical antibiotics and steroids were reduced, but his condition rapidly deteriorated with leading to corneal melt, perforation, and endophthalmitis. Repeat corneal cultures and sensitivity analyses revealed growth of a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that was resistant to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems, and only intermediate susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam. The patient underwent a therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty and was subsequently initiated on an intensive regimen of topical chlorhexidine and polymyxin-B/trimethoprim. He also underwent a pars plana vitrectomy with anterior chamber washout, followed by serial injections of intravitreal piperacillin-tazobactam at a dose of 225 mg/0.1 mL. After 8 weeks of intensive treatment, there was gradual with healing of his ocular surface, regression of his hypopyon and posterior inflammation, and no signs of recurrent infection. A public health investigation ultimately revealed that his infection was one of several cases involved in a multistate cluster outbreak of extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas ocular infections that were traced to the use of contaminated EzriCare Artificial Tears. Conclusions and Importance Multidrug-resistant keratitis and endophthalmitis caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas keratitis requires consideration of nonconventional antimicrobial agents and experimental therapeutic alternatives. Topical chlorhexidine and intravitreal piperacillin-tazobactam are currently nonconventional therapies in the context of bacterial keratitis and endophthalmitis, but were safe and effective in the management of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ocular infection.
Surgical views: Thoracoscopy: common techniques in small animals. (2013)

Thoracoscopy is gaining popularity in small animal surgery as an alternative to thoracotomy for an increasing variety of cases. This article discusses the details of some of the most frequently performed thoracoscopic procedures in small animal practice: diagnostic biopsy of pleural, mediastinal, pericardial, and lung tissue; thoracoscopic pericardial window creation and subphrenic pericardectomy; lung lobectomy; thoracic duct ligation; and cranial mediastinal mass resection. A companion article that presented the instrumentation, anesthesia challenges, and approaches for thoracoscopic procedures in small animals was published in the January 2013 issue.