gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of individual L1/sub 0/ FePt nanoparticles (2005)

The long-range order parameter of [001]-oriented FePt L1/sub 0/ nanoparticles has been determined by measurement of convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) intensities of single particles using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and comparison of the measured intensities to simulations of diffracted-beam intensities. The nanoparticles were fabricated by co-sputtering high-purity Fe and Pt targets onto SiO/sub 2/-Si substrates and annealing the deposited material.
Supplementary Table from Patients with Rare Cancers in the Drug Rediscovery Protocol (DRUP) Benefit from Genomics-Guided Treatment (2023)

Supplementary Table from Patients with Rare Cancers in the Drug Rediscovery Protocol (DRUP) Benefit from Genomics-Guided Treatment
Interactions Among Techniques Addressing Quality Attributes (2003)

There is very little published work on how techniques that promote different architectural qualities interact with each other. When developing a software system, software architects need to understand the relationships among these techniques. For example, if a system is compromised, architects must consider questions such as whether it makes sense to apply damage confinement to achieve dependability, while at the same time shutting down components to promote security. To help answer such questions, this report provides matrices in which various techniques for promoting different architectural qualities are analyzed relative to each other. Four architectural qualities were analyzed: performance, security, modifiability, and dependability. The techniques that promote each one were selected and categorized as promotion, detection, or correction. For each category, matrices are presented that provide a detailed description of why a particular interaction is positive, negative, or neutral, or cannot be determined without assessing a concrete system.
Heterologous Production of 6-Deoxyerythronolide B in Escherichia coli through the Wood Werkman Cycle (2020)

Polyketides are a remarkable class of natural products with diverse functional and structural diversity. The class includes many medicinally important molecules with antiviral, antimicrobial, antifungal and anticancer properties. Native bacterial, fungal and plant hosts are often difficult to cultivate and coax into producing the desired product. As a result, <i>Escherichia coli</i> has been used for the heterologous production of polyketides, with the production of 6-deoxyerythronolide B (6-dEB) being the first example. Current strategies for production in <i>E. coli</i> require feeding of exogenous propionate as a source for the precursors propionyl-CoA and <i>S</i>-methylmalonyl-CoA. Here, we show that heterologous polyketide production is possible from glucose as the sole carbon source. The heterologous expression of eight genes from the Wood-Werkman cycle found in Propionibacteria, in combination with expression of the 6-dEB synthases DEBS1, DEBS2 and DEBS3 resulted in 6-dEB formation from glucose as the sole carbon source. Our results show that the Wood-Werkman cycle provides the required propionyl-CoA and the extender unit <i>S</i>-methylmalonyl-CoA to produce up to 0.81 mg/L of 6-dEB in a chemically defined media.
Mutation of E1α gene in a female patient with pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency due to rapid degradation of E1 protein (1992)

A mutation of an insertion of 4 bp in the gene for the alpha subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1 alpha) was found in a female with pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency due to the rapid degradation of alpha and beta subunit proteins of pyruvate dehydrogenase. This mutation caused a frameshift that altered the amino acid sequence and created a premature stop codon. This 4-bp insertion has been found in an unrelated female patient with E1 alpha deficiency. It is rare that the same mutation is found in unrelated patients with this rare inborn error of metabolism. Furthermore, short deletions or duplications in the E1 alpha gene of patients with E1 alpha deficiency have been found only in exons 10 and 11. These exons may be hot spots for the mutations by the recombinational processes. This patient was heterozygous for the normal and a mutant allele. However, in most of the cultured skin fibroblasts from this patient, the mutant allele was expressed. These observations suggest that the X chromosome containing the normal allele was predominantly inactivated so that she developed lactic acidaemia and neurological abnormalities despite being heterozygous. The mutant alpha subunit protein failed to form a stable structure of pyruvate dehydrogenase, so that both alpha and beta subunit proteins were degraded rapidly.
Fused pyrimidines by a tandem aza-Wittig/electrocyclic ring closure strategy: synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine, [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine, and thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFused pyrimidines by a tandem aza-Wittig/electrocyclic ring closure strategy: synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine, [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine, and thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivativesPedro Molina, Antonio Arques, Maria Victoria Vinader, Jan Becher, and Klaus BrondumCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 20, 4654–4663Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00255a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00255a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views693Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gelatin Charges and Their Effect on the Growth of Silver Bromide (1975)

The ionic charge balance of gelatins adsorbed to polyethylene, glass, and AgBr surfaces was determined as a function of gelatin hydrolysis, ionic strength, and pH by streaming current and electrophoretic measurements. The pH-dependent charge profiles did not vary with the measurement technique or adsorption substrate, and they yielded isoelectric points ranging in pH from 3.9 for a phthalated gelatin to 10.6 for a lysylated gelatin. Although the turbidimetrically determined growth rates of AgBr peptized by a lime-processed bone gelatin were also pH dependent, the gelatin charge did not appear to be the determining factor. Rather, at low Br- concentration, the pH dependence was attributed to the amine moieties of the gelatin. At higher Br- concentration, the rate acceleration at low pH seemed to be independent of the gelatin.
Effect of the novel galectin-3 blocker, Gal3M, on the efficacy and reduction of toxicity of proteasome inhibitors for the treatment of multiple myeloma. (2014)

e19581 Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic plasma cell disorder which results in multiple organ failure. Anemia, hypercalcemia, renal failure and skeletal lesions are the most relevant morbidities associated with MM. The treatment of MM includes chemotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, immune modulating treatments and proteasome inhibitors. Carfilzomib is a new proteasome inhibitor that also has anti osteoclastogenic effects. Treatment with Carfilzomob is associated with both cardiac and renal toxicity, mostly mediated by fibrotic tissue damage. Galectin-3 hyper-expression has also been implicated in development of congestive heart failure and acute renal failure. We aimed to test the efficacy of combined therapy with a novel dominant-negative inhibitor of Galectin-3, namely Gal3M, and Carfilzomib for MM. Methods: We used the 5TGM1 murine syngeneic model of MM. In order to monitor tumor growth in vivo in C57Bl/KaLwRij mice, we measured the levels of circulating IgG2b and of the cancer testis antigen, SP17 by ELISA, Western blot and RT-PCR. 5TGM1 cells growth was monitored by viability and chemotaxis assays. Results: Our results show that Gal3M increased the therapeutic efficacy of Carfilzomib in vitroin the C57Bl/KaLwRij model carrying 5TGM1 cells by causing 85% decline in cell growth. Gal3M was able to counter the toxic effects of Carfizomib on heart and kidney by decreasing the fibrotic tissue deposition in active caspase 3 positive cells. On the other hand, Carfilzomib was able to prevent the increase in osteoclastogenic potential of MM caused by Gal3M. Conclusions: Our data represent the rationale for the use of a combined therapy in MM treatment not only to block the tumor growth but also to prevent organ toxicity caused by proteasome inhibitors.
Soft tissue tumors: Liposarcoma: Myxoid liposarcoma (2011)

Review on Soft tissue tumors: Liposarcoma: Myxoid liposarcoma, with data on clinics, and the genes involved.
A pilot study on the screening of primary hepatocellular carcinoma in selected high risk groups in the population using multiple tumour markers. (1980)

A prospective one year study on groups of 377 high risk individuals was done using alphafoetoprotein (AFP), alpha 1antitrypsin (A1AT), alpha 1-acidglycoprotein 1 (A1GP), gammaglutamyltraspeptidase (GGT) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD) to detect hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The high risk groups screened were: cirrhosis, unexplanable hepatomegalies, chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier, family members of afflicted HCC cases, individuals on hormonal therapy and males over the age of 30 years. 58/377 (15%) were found to have HCC. This consisted of 16/43 (37%) clinical cirrhosis, 40/71 (56%) unexplanable hepatomegalies, 1/33 (3%) chronic HBsAg, 1/156 (0.6%) family members. AFP remained the most useful test but the others such as A1AT, A1Gp, GGT and ICD recognised both malignant and asymptomatic nonmalignant diseases. Only 4 (7%) patients had resectible tumours detected and 1 patient was found to have liver dysplasia. HBsAg positivity and persistently raised AFP. The significance of HBsAg amongst family members and other group is discussed in terms of genetic susceptibility, environmental oncogenic vulnerability and ultimate screening.
Segmentation of geometric signals using robust fitting (2002)

The problem of segmenting an image provided by a geometric sensor into geometric primitives is addressed by a two-step iterative process. In the first step, the largest connected region bounded by edge pixels is hypothesized as containing a geometric primitive. In the second step, the resulting set of pixels is sent to a robust fitter based on the least median of squares algorithm, to verify whether this hypothesis holds. If the fit is successful, then the geometric primitive is removed from the data; otherwise, a different hypothesis is obtained by decreasing the edge threshold. The process is repeated until the entire image is segmented. The fact that the robust fitter is tolerant of outliers means that the correct segmentation is produced from many different initial hypotheses. The algorithm is demonstrated on a number of range images which are known to contain particular geometric primitives.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Modulation of RNA Polymerase II Elongation Efficiency by C-terminal Heptapeptide Repeat Domain Kinase I (1997)

Hyperphosphorylation of the C-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain (CTD) of the RNA polymerase II largest subunit has been suggested to play a key role in regulating transcription initiation and elongation. To facilitate investigating functional consequences of CTD phosphorylation we developed new templates, the double G-less cassettes, which make it possible to assay simultaneously the level of initiation and the efficiency of elongation. Using these templates, we examined the effects of yeast CTD kinase I or CTD kinase inhibitors on transcription and CTD phosphorylation in HeLa nuclear extracts. Our results showed that polymerase II elongation efficiency and CTD phosphorylation are greatly reduced by CTD kinase inhibitors, whereas both are greatly increased by CTD kinase I; in contrast, transcription initiation is much less affected. These results demonstrate that CTD kinase I modulates the elongation efficiency of RNA polymerase II and are consistent with the idea that one function of CTD phosphorylation is to promote effective production of long transcripts by stimulating the elongation efficiency of RNA polymerase II.
MR and magnetisation transfer imaging in cirrhotic and fatty livers (1998)

Our results in studying fatty livers with MR imaging and the MT method show that the fat/water separation gives more reliable parametric results. Characterisation of liver cirrhosis by means of the MTC parameter is not reliable, even after fat separation.
A new method for indirect determination of iodide and thiosulfate in table salt and milk based on a combination of solid-phase extraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometry. (2010)

A new indirect method for the determination of iodide and thiosulfate ions in table salt and milk by flame atomic absorption spectrometry was described. This method is based on the reduction of chromium (VI) to chromium(III) with the reducing action of iodide and/or thiosulfate, separation of unreacted Cr(VI) as its 1,5-diphenilcarbazide complex on a column filled with Amberlite XAD-16, elution of the complex by 10 mL of 0.05 mol L-1 H2SO4 in methanol and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Amount of the analytes were calculated from the amount of Cr(VI) reacted with the analytes. The optimum conditions for the determination of iodide and thiosulfate ions, including pH and volume of sample solution were examined. The effect of interfering species on the recovery of the iodide and thiosulfate ions was also investigated. The precision of the proposed method is good as it provides relative standard deviation value of 3.5% for thiosulfate and 4.5% for iodide during five replicate determinations of 10 µg mL-1 of thiosulfate and 15 µg mL-1 of iodide, respectively. The accuracy of the procedure was tested by analyzing spiked real samples and certified reference sample (BCR 150 Milk powder). The procedure described was successfully applied for the determination of iodide in table salt and milk and, thiosulfate in table salt. Iodide and thiosulfate ions have been determined in real samples with relative error below 15%.
Preparation of Nanocomposites of Metals, Metal Oxides, and Carbon Nanotubes via Self-Assembly (2007)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based composites have attracted significant research interest in recent years, owing to their important applications in various technological fields. In this investigation, we describe a general approach to make CNTs-based nanocomposites via self-assembly. The method allows one to prepare binary composites as well as complex systems such as ternary or even quaternary composites where nanoparticles of active phases (e.g., metals and metal oxides) are used as primary building blocks. Six different kinds of binary, ternary, and quaternary nanocomposites, TiO2/CNTs, Co3O4/CNTs, Au/CNTs, Au/TiO2/CNTs, TiO2/Co3O4/CNTs, and Co/CoO/Co3O4/CNTs, have been reported herein in order to draw common features for various assembly schemes. To understand the interconnectivity between the active phases and CNTs, we have devised a range of experiments and examined the resultant samples with many instrumental techniques. On the basis of this work, we demonstrate that highly complex inorganic-organic nanohybrids with good controls in particle shape, size, and distribution can be fabricated from presynthesized nanobuilding units. Concerning their workability, we further show that self-assembled TiO2/CNTs are sufficiently robust and the electrochemical performance of TiO2 is significantly enhanced when it is used as a cathode material in Li-battery application.
Enantioselective desymmetrisation (1999)

M. C. Willis, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1999, 1765 DOI: 10.1039/A906269B
Novel antagonists for proteinase‐activated receptor 2: inhibition of cellular and vascular responsesin vitroandin vivo (2009)

K-12940 and K-14585 antagonized PAR(2) competitively, resulting in inhibition of PAR(2)-mediated signalling and physiological responses both in vitro and in vivo. These peptide-mimetic PAR(2) antagonists could be useful in evaluating PAR(2)-mediated biological events and might lead to a new generation of therapeutically useful antagonists.
Part1 : Numerical Code Validation and Quantitative Analyses of Ice Accretion around Airfoils (2010)

익형주위 착빙 현상과 관련한 기존 연구는 수치적으로 예측된 결빙형상과 실험 결과를 정성적으로 비교하는데 그쳐, 해석 결과의 정확도에 대한 판단과 외기 조건 변화에 따른 결빙형상의 체계적 분석에 한계가 있었다. 이에 본 논문에서는 실린더와 익형의 결빙 형상을 가용한 실험 및 타 수치해석 결과와 비교, 검증하고 정량적으로 분석하는 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저, 개발된 코드로부터 획득한 결빙형상을 얼음의 최대두께와 얼음의 진행방향, 얼음의 분포, 얼음의 면적을 기준으로 나타낸 후 이를 정량적으로 분석하였다. 정량적 분석을 통해 유사한 결빙 형상을 직관적으로 비교할 수 있었다. 개발한 수치해석 코드는 아랫면에서의 결빙 면적, 얼음의 두께를 작게 예측하였다. 이를 개선하기 위하여 보다 정밀한 유동장 계산을 통해 획득한 입자의 궤적이 요구된다. In the previous studies, the validation of numerical codes has been conducted based on the qualitative comparison of predicted ice shapes with experiments, which poses a significant limit on the systematic analysis of ice shapes due to the variation of meteorological conditions. In response to this, the numerical code has been quantitatively validated against available experiment for the ice accretion on cylinders and airfoils in the present study. Ice shapes accumulated on the bodies are systematically investigated with respect to various icing parameters. To this end, maximum thickness, heading direction and ice thickness are quantified and expressed in the polar coordinate system for the comparison with other numerical results. By applying the quantitative analysis, similar shapes are intuitively distinguished. The developed numerical code underestimates the ice accretion area and the ice thickness of lower surface. In order to improve the accuracy, further accurate aerodynamic solver is required for the water droplet trajectories.
INFLUENCE OF TURBIDITY CURRENTS UPON BASIN WATERS (1962)

Waters at the sill depths and near the bottoms of two basins off southern California were sampled in a grid pattern and analyzed for possible anomalies in temperature, salinity, and contents of oxygen, nutrients and suspended sediment due to turbidity currents. The only significantly anomalous patterns revealed were those of low salinity and high suspended sediment, atop a turbidity‐current apron opposite the mouths of two submarine canyons. This water was probably emplaced by turbidity currents, and its presence here indicates that areal variations of bottom‐water properties elsewhere warrant detailed studies.
Optically transparent thin-layer electrodes: ninhydrin reduction in an infrared transparent cell (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOptically transparent thin-layer electrodes: ninhydrin reduction in an infrared transparent cellW. R. Heineman, J. N. Burnett, and Royce W. MurrayCite this: Anal. Chem. 1968, 40, 13, 1974–1978Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60269a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60269a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Obtaining New Insights for Biodiversity Conservation from Broad-Scale Citizen Science Data (2009)

Abstract Increasing public engagement in volunteer science1, either through data collection2 or processing3, is both raising public awareness of science and gathering useful information for scientists. While the payoffs of citizen science4 are potentially large, achieving them requires new approaches to data management and analysis that can only result from strong cross-disciplinary collaborations. This is especially true in ecology and conservation biology, where historically the understanding of species’ responses to environmental change has been constrained by the limited spatial5 or temporal scale6 of available data. Here we describe collaborative research in ecology, computer science, and statistics to generate essential information for conservation management of North American birds: accurate dynamic bird distributions models based on habitat associations across much of North America. Unique is our ability to describe the broad-scale dynamics of seasonal bird distributions and the associated seasonal patterns of habitat use. Our source of bird distribution data is eBird7, an online bird checklist program that currently gathers more than 74,000 checklists monthly from a large network of contributors. Our results were made possible through a data intensive scientific workflow8 that includes analytical methods merged from the fields of machine learning and statistics. We believe that this novel approach of data collection, synthesis, analysis, and visualization will serve as a hallmark for future research initiatives, with broad applicability across many scientific domains.
Planning with uncertainty in position an optimal and efficient planner (2005)

We introduce a resolution-optimal path planner that considers uncertainty while optimizing any monotonic objective function such as mobility cost, risk, or energy expended. The resulting path minimizes the expected cost of the objective function, while ensuring that the uncertainty in the position of the robot does not compromise the safety of the robot or the reachability of the goal. Although the problem domain is stochastic in nature, our algorithm takes advantage of deterministic path-planning techniques to achieve significant performance improvements.