gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of the differential distribution patterns of mRNAs and consensus binding sequences for mouse DAF-16 homologues (2000)

daf-16 is a forkhead-type transcription factor, functioning downstream of insulin-like signals, and is known to be critical to the regulation of life span in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mammalian DAF-16 homologues include AFX, FKHR and FKHRL1, which contain a conserved forkhead domain and three putative phosphorylation sites for the Ser/Thr kinase Akt/protein kinase B (PKB), as well as for DAF-16. To assess the function of the homologues, we examined tissue distribution patterns of mRNAs for DAF-16 homologues in mice. In the embryos, expressions of AFX, FKHR and FKHRL1 mRNAs were complementary to each other and were highest in muscle, adipose tissue and embryonic liver. The characteristic expression pattern remained in the adult, except that signals of FKHRL1 became evident in more tissues, including the brain. In order to clarify whether each DAF-16 homologue had different target genes, we determined the consensus sequences for the binding of DAF-16 and the mouse homologues. The binding sequences for all four proteins shared a core sequence, TTGTTTAC, daf-16 family protein-binding element (DBE) binding protein. However, electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that the binding affinity of DAF-16 homologues to the core sequence was stronger than that to the insulin-responsive element in the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 promoter region, which has been identified as a binding sequence for them. We identified one copy of the DBE upstream of the first exon of sod-3 by searching the genomic database of C. elegans. Taken together, DAF-16 homologues can fundamentally regulate the common target genes in insulin-responsive tissues and the specificity to target genes of each protein is partially determined by the differences in their expression patterns.
The Watermark Evaluation Testbed (WET) (2004)

While digital watermarking has received much attention within the academic community and private sector in recent years, it is still a relatively young technology. As such there are few widely accepted benchmarks that can be used to validate the performance claims asserted by members of the research community. This lack of a universally adopted benchmark has hindered research and created confusion within the general public. To facilitate the development of a universally adopted benchmark, we are developing at Purdue University a web-based system that will allow users to evaluate the performance of watermarking techniques. This system consists of reference software that includes both watermark embedders and watermark detectors, attack scenarios, evaluation modules and a large image database. The ultimate goal of the current work is to develop a platform that one can use to test the performance of watermarking methods and obtain fair, reproducible comparisons of the results. We feel that this work will greatly stimulate new research in watermarking and data hiding by allowing one to demonstrate how new techniques are moving forward the state of the art. We will refer to this system as the Watermark Evaluation Testbed or WET.
Dynamic characteristics of long-wavelength quantum dot vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with light injection (2006)

This investigation experimentally demonstrates the dynamic characteristics of quantum dot vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (QD VCSEL) without and with light injection. The QD VCSEL is fully doped structure on GaAs substrate and operates in the 1.3 mum optical communication wavelength. The eye diagram, frequency response, and intermodulation distortion are presented. We also demonstrate that the frequency response enhancement by light injection technique allows us to improve the performance of subcarrier multiplexed system.
Automatic Generation of Poetry Using a CBR Approach (2001)

A case based reason application thatgen ates poetryversion of texts provided by the user is presen d. Cases con of a sen e of prose (used as retrieval key) associated with a correspon poem fragmen (used asstartin poin for the solution- Adaptation takes place by combinS phonSmetrical an lexical inSabout the wordsin the di#eren sources - the prose message, the retrieved case,an additionS vocabulary provided by the user.
Bionics: prcise color tuning by interference in nature and technology-applications in surface-micromachined 1.55μm vertical air-cavity filters (2003)

Bionics transfers the principles of success of nature into natural science, engineering disciplines and applications. Often generation and detection of different spectral colors play key roles in communication in both, nature and technology. The latter one refers e.g. to dense wavelength division multiplex optical communication systems. This paper shows interesting parallels in tunable spectral light filtering by butterfly wings and by tunable optical filters used in optical communication systems. In both cases light interferes constructively and destructively with nano- and microstructures of appropriate shape, dimensions and materials. In this paper methodology is strongly emphasized. We demonstrate that tailored scaling allows the effectiveness of physical effects to be enhanced in nature and technology. These principles are rigorously applied in micromachined 1.55&mu;m vertical-resonator-based filters, capable of wide, continuous, monotonic and kink-free tuning by a single control parameter. Tuning is achieved by mechanically actuating one or several membranes embedded by air-gaps in a vertical resonator including two ultra-highly reflective DBR mirrors. The layers of mirrors reveal a very strong refractive index contrast. Filters including InP/air-gap DBR's (3.5 periods) using GaInAs sacrificial layers reveal a continuous tuning of >9% of the absolute wavelength. Varying a reverse voltage (U=0 .. -3.2V) between the membranes, a tuning range up to 142nm was obtained due to electrostatic actuation. Appropriate miniaturization is shown to increase the mechanical stability and the effectiveness of spectral tuning by electrostatic actuation since the relative significance of the fundamental physical forces can be shifted considerably by appropriate scaling.
Cardiac microcalcifications in transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis (2022)

Our study indicates that binding of skeletal probes to amyloid-containing hearts depends on an irregular presence of clouds of very tiny calcifications, which seem not to be directly associated with amyloid fibrils. Therefore, [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]Tc-DPD bone scans can be considered surrogate markers of ATTR amyloid but have to be used carefully to estimate amyloid amount or disease progression.
Mediobasal hypothalamic overexpression of DEPTOR protects against high-fat diet-induced obesity (2015)

Altogether, these results support a role for MBH DEPTOR in the regulation of energy balance and metabolism.
Antibody Peptide Based Antifungal Immunotherapy (2012)

Fungal infections still represent relevant human illnesses worldwide and some are accompanied by unacceptably high mortality rates. The limited current availability of effective and safe antifungal agents makes the development of new drugs and approaches of antifungal vaccination/immunotherapy every day more needed. Among them, small antibody(Ab)-derived peptides are arousing great expectations as new potential antifungal agents. In this topic, the search path from the study of the yeast killer phenomenon to the production of Ab-derived peptides characterized by in vitro and in vivo fungicidal activity will be focused. In particular, Abs that mimic the antimicrobial activity of a killer toxin ("antibiobodies") and antifungal peptides derived from antibiobodies (killer peptide) and other unrelated Abs [complementarity determining regions (CDR)-based and constant region (Fc)-based synthetic peptides] are described. Mycological implications in terms of reevaluation of the yeast killer phenomenon, roles of antibiobodies in antifungal immunity, of β-glucans as antifungal targets and vaccines, and of Abs as sources of an unlimited number of sequences potentially active as new immunotherapeutic tools against fungal agents and related mycoses, are discussed.
Modelling Sporangiospore-yeast transformation of Dimorphomyces strain. (1998)

Two types of buffered media, strictly defined-Ammonium sulphate-basal salts and complex Peptone-basal salts, were used for the cultivation of Dimorphomyces pleomorphis, one of two dimorphic fungi isolated from fermenting juice of soursop fruit, Annona muricata L. The growth count was taken every twenty-four hours. Transient morphologies were observed to change from sporangiospores through enlarged globose cells, to granular particles and eventually, polar budding yeast cells in the strictly defined medium at 15 degrees, 20 degrees, or 37 degrees C, but the complex medium casually terminally induced polar budding yeast cells and multipolar budding yeast like cells in between the growth phases, at 15 degrees and 20 degrees C, while mainly multipolar budding yeastlike morphology was observed at elevated temperature. There was obvious influence of nutritional factor or morphological expression (p < 0.01). After analysis of variance, the growth data could not fit into predictive quadratic polynomial model because the organism's response curves were incongruent with basic assumptions of the model. Furthermore, a stepwise regression analysis gave very low coefficients of determination, r2, for the interactive combinations. They were therefore, considered unfit for the data. Construction of the pII-profiles led to inference being drawn from the chemiosmotic theory, polyelectrolyte theory to account for the behaviour in the buffered multiionic media. It was also thought that inherent cellular mitotic division and glycolytic activity led to a prelogarithmic growth response.
Electrical test method and realized system for high pin count components during reliability tests (2012)

For electronic products there are distinct and very high reliability requirements, in particular for applications within aeronautics, medicine and automotive sectors. In order to prove the reliability of integrated circuits packages and their solder joints accelerated aging tests are mandatory (e.g. thermal shock cycles, isothermal storage and vibration stress). Additionally electrical characterization methods are needed and are employing so called daisy chain circuits for the electrical failure detection on solder joints during the experiments while using serial circuits with a permanent monitoring of the impressed current for the to be examined electrical connections of the package. Thus, the described methods for the electrical investigation of the reliability are commonly using dummy packages which include additional internal circuits assembled under laboratory conditions. These methods do not allow the investigation of real integrated circuits. This paper will discuss a new method for electrical characterization of real and soldered high pin count integrated circuits due to the utilization of the included ESD-protective circuit like it is common on wafer level or using advanced boundary scan techniques [1]. This method allows the test of the whole interconnect chain (e.g. PCB connections, bonding connections, interposer connections, soldered connections).
A computational model for repeated pattern perception using frieze and wallpaper groups (2002)

Humans have an innate ability to perceive symmetry, but it is not obvious how to automate this powerful insight. In this paper the mathematical theory of frieze and wallpaper groups is used to extract visually meaningful building blocks (motifs) from a repeated pattern. A novel peak detection algorithm based on "regions of dominance" is used to automatically detect the underlying translational lattice of a repeated pattern. Following automatic classification of the pattern's symmetry group, knowledge of the interplay between rotation, reflection, glide-reflection and translation in that group leads to a small set of candidate motifs that exhibit local symmetry consistent with the global symmetry of the entire pattern. Although other work has addressed detection of the translational lattice of a repeated pattern, ours is the first to seek a principled method for determining a representative motif. Experiments show that the-resulting pattern motifs conform well with human perception.
The X-Ray Observatory Suzaku (2007)

High-sensitivity wide-band X-ray spectroscopy is the key feature of the Suzaku X-ray observatory, launched on 2005 July 10. This paper summarizes the spacecraft, in-orbit performance, operations, and data processing that are related to observations. The scientific instruments, the high-throughput X-ray telescopes, X-ray CCD cameras, non-imaging hard X-ray detector are also described.
Ring-Opening Polymerization of the Trimethylcaprolactone Isomers and Investigations of Their Polymerizability (2008)

3,5,5‘-Trimethylcaprolactone and 3,3‘,5-trimethylcaprolactone are characterized with various spectroscopic methods. Their ability of ring-opening is correlated with semiempirical calculations and is compared to unsubstituted lactones of different ring sizes. The results of the computations are verified by measurements of reaction kinetics of the polymerizations.
A Comparison of the Effects of 4-Amino-N10-Methyl-Pteroylglutamic Acid and 2,6-Diaminopurine upon Sensitive and Resistant Sublines of a Strain of Mouse Leukemia (1951)

Abstract 1. Further studies contrasting the effect of varying doses of 4-amino-N10-methyl-PGA on a resistant variant (Ak4R) of transplanted mouse leukemia Ak4 have been reported. 2. The usual therapeutic dosage of 4-amino-N10-methyl-PGA prevented the increase in total leukocytes, delayed the visceral infiltration, and increased survival time in the Ak4 strain but was without effect in strain Ak4R. 3. In the Ak4 leukemic mice with high leukocyte counts a marked drop within twenty-four hours could be demonstrated after a single dose of 3 mg./Kg. of this drug. With the Ak4R strain there was sufficient resistance so that a dose of at least 25 mg. Kg. was needed to show the marked leukopenia in twenty-four hours. 4. The Ak4R strain was as sensitive as the Ak4 to the leukotoxic effects of 2,6-diaminopurine. This drug also was effective in prolonging the survival time of mice with Ak4R leukemia.
Gene expression in colorectal cancer. (2002)

Understanding molecular alterations in colorectal cancer (CRC) is needed to define new biomarkers and treatment targets. We used oligonucleotide microarrays to monitor gene expression of about 6,800 known genes and 35,000 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) on five pools (four to six samples in each pool) of total RNA from left-sided sporadic colorectal carcinomas. We compared normal tissue to carcinoma tissue from Dukes' stages A-D (noninvasive to distant metastasis) and identified 908 known genes and 4,155 ESTs that changed remarkably from normal to tumor tissue. Based on intensive filtering 226 known genes and 157 ESTs were found to be highly relevant for CRC. The alteration of known genes was confirmed in >70% of the cases by array analysis of 25 single samples. Two-way hierarchical average linkage cluster analysis clustered normal tissue together with Dukes' A, clustered Dukes' B with Dukes' C, and clustered Dukes' D separately. Real-time PCR of 10 known genes and 5 ESTs demonstrated excellent reproducibility of the array-based findings. The most frequently altered genes belonged to functional categories of metabolism (22%), transcription and translation (11%), and cellular processes (9%). Fifteen nuclear encoded mitochondrial proteins were all down-regulated in CRC. We identified several chromosomal locations with clusters of either potential oncogenes or potential tumor suppressors. Some of these, such as aminopeptidase N/CD13 and sigma B3 protein on chromosome 15q25, coincided with a high frequency of loss of heterozygosity. The genes and ESTs presented in this study encode new potential tumor markers as well as potential novel therapeutic targets for prevention or therapy of CRC.
瓦·阿·苏霍姆林斯基致尼·谢·赫鲁晓夫的一封信 (1988)

苏联《苏维埃教育学》1988年第3期发表了苏联教育家瓦·阿·苏霍姆林斯基1958年给尼·谢·赫鲁晓夫的一封信。苏氏在信中主要就普通中学的培养任务、劳动教育的目的、学制以及其他一些问题,坦率而尖锐地表明了自己的见解,值得一读。《苏维埃教育学》对这封信的发表加了编者按,称该信的“内容至今仍有现实意义。它迫使人们再次从历史的角度思考今天的问题,进行争论……。”因限于篇幅,本刊略作删节。
A rigorous, engineer‐friendly approach for modelling realistic, composite rotor blades (2006)

Abstract A rigorous approach is presented for the modelling of composite beam structures of the type encountered in wind turbine blades, helicopter rotor blades and the like. The analysis methodology is based on a dimensional reduction of the geometrically nonlinear, three‐dimensional, anisotropic theory of elasticity. Small parameters stemming from the beam‐like geometry of slender structures such as wind turbine blades lead to a splitting of the problem into a (usually) linear, two‐dimensional cross‐sectional analysis and a geometrically exact nonlinear, one‐dimensional beam analysis. The incorporation of such beam analyses into flexible multibody codes presents a unified and powerful approach to the modelling of wind turbines with composite rotor blades. The generality and power of the methodology are illustrated in several examples. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley &amp;Sons, Ltd.
Isolation of naturally processed peptides recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) on human melanoma cells in association with HLA‐A2.1 (1994)

Cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones have previously been derived from peripheral blood of melanoma patient SK29(AV). They lyse autologous melanoma cells but not autologous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B lymphocytes. Immunoselection experiments indicate that these CTL clones recognize 4 different antigens (Aa, Ab, B, C) in association with a single HLA restriction element, HLA-A2.1. While the expression of antigens B and C appears to be confined to SK29-melanoma cells, antigens Aa and Ab are shared by a high proportion of allogeneic HLA-A2-positive melanoma lines. HLA-A2.1 and total HLA class I molecules have now been purified from SK29-melanoma cells using affinity chromatography and associated peptides have been eluted. Peptide pools eluted from HLA-A2.1 and total class I were separated by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Individual HPLC fractions were tested for their ability to sensitize target cells for recognition by SK29-CTL clones. The presence of antigens Aa, Ab, B and C was detected in distinct HPLC fractions that were identical for both peptide pools. As target for detection of peptide antigens in HPLC fractions, the use of the HLA-A2.1-positive antigen processing mutant cell line CEM x 721.174.T2 (T2), pre-incubated with anti-HLA-A2 monoclonal antibody (MAb) MA2.1, was shown to be essential. Single-peak target-sensitizing activity was found for antigens Ab and B, whereas multi-peak sensitizing activity was reproducibly detected for antigens Aa and C. We reason that at least some of these melanoma peptide antigens might occur in biochemically distinct isoforms.
The Remarkable Evolutionary Plasticity of Coronaviruses by Mutation and Recombination: Insights for the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Future Evolutionary Paths of SARS-CoV-2 (2022)

Coronaviruses (CoVs) constitute a large and diverse subfamily of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. They are found in many mammals and birds and have great importance for the health of humans and farm animals. The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, as well as many previous epidemics in humans that were of zoonotic origin, highlights the importance of studying the evolution of the entire CoV subfamily in order to understand how novel strains emerge and which molecular processes affect their adaptation, transmissibility, host/tissue tropism, and patho non-homologous genicity. In this review, we focus on studies over the last two years that reveal the impact of point mutations, insertions/deletions, and intratypic/intertypic homologous and non-homologous recombination events on the evolution of CoVs. We discuss whether the next generations of CoV vaccines should be directed against other CoV proteins in addition to or instead of spike. Based on the observed patterns of molecular evolution for the entire subfamily, we discuss five scenarios for the future evolutionary path of SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, within this evolutionary context, we discuss the recently emerged Omicron (B.1.1.529) VoC.
ansa-Zirconocene Polymerization Catalysts with Anelated Ring Ligands - Effects on Catalytic Activity and Polymer Chain Length (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTansa-Zirconocene Polymerization Catalysts with Anelated Ring Ligands - Effects on Catalytic Activity and Polymer Chain LengthUdo Stehling, Josef Diebold, Robin Kirsten, Werner Roell, Hans Herbert Brintzinger, Stephan Juengling, Rolf Muelhaupt, and Franz LanghauserCite this: Organometallics 1994, 13, 3, 964–970Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00015a033https://doi.org/10.1021/om00015a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1169Altmetric-Citations332LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Methylation Regulates the Expression of a DNA-modification Function Encoded by Bacteriophage Mu (1983)

Bacteriophage Mu encodes a DNA-modification function (Mom) which when expressed, renders its own as well as cellular DNA sequences, partially resistant to the action of several type-I restriction systems in vivo (Toussaint 1976) and to many of the known type-II restriction endonucleases in vitro (R. Kahmann and D. Kamp, in prep.). The latter feature has been exploited to determine the specificity of the modification. It was shown to occur at subsets of the sequence 5′ G/C-A-G/C-N-Py 3′ (R. Kahmann and D. Kamp, in prep.). The exact nature of the modification introduced by the Mom function has long been a mystery, especially since it was shown that the modified nucleotide is adenine but that the modification is not a methylation (Hattman 1979). Recent experiments by S. Hattman (pers. comm.) indicate that the modified adenine is N6-acetamidoadenine.