gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Remark on Laser Bending Mechanisms (2004)

Laser bending mechanism is remarked, and its essence is the temperature gradient mechanism. The reverse bending and the thickened mechanisms are included in the temperature gradient mechanism because they are only different phenomena based on different thickness of the material. Experimental result shows that there is a kind of un-convention temperature distribution in the limit thickness specimen under laser irradiation. This phenomenon cannot be explained by the classical Fourier Law and is defined as Pan-Fourier effect in order to explain laser bending mechanism further.
Rapid Kinetic Measurements in Ammonia and Methanol Syntheses (2001)

Kinetic measurements in heterogeneous catalysis are essential for the derivation of rate expressions that are necessary for the design of reactors and that can serve for data extrapolation beyond the measured data range. To accelerate the acquisition of kinetic data, the method of quasi-isothermal temperature-programming has been applied to a study of the kinetics of the ammonia and methanol syntheses. Both reactions were performed in a microcatalytic reactor setup near industrial reaction conditions. For the ammonia synthesis, the technique turned out to be a useful screening method for Ru-based catalysts, which allowed power-law rate expressions to be derived rapidly. Moreover, the in situ temperature-programmed surface reaction of N−* with gas-phase H2 (N−* TPSR) was studied in detail, allowing for its application as a fast method for catalyst screening within the class of unpromoted Ru-based catalysts. However, in the methanol synthesis, the applicability of the quasi-isothermal temperature-programmed method is limited to qualitative catalyst screening because of the methanol adsorbing capacity and the slow change of the state of the working Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst.
Supplementary Table S1 from Development of Combination Strategies for Focal Adhesion Kinase Inhibition in Diffuse Gastric Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Antibody List&lt;/p&gt;
Characterization of epitaxial film silicon solar cells grown on seeded display glass (2012)

We report characterization of epitaxial film crystal silicon (c-Si) solar cells with open-circuit voltages (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</sub> ) above 560 mV. The 2-um absorber cells are grown by low-temperature (<;750 °C) hot-wire CVD (HWCVD) on Corning <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> EAGLE XG <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> display glass coated with a layer-transferred (LT) Si seed. The high V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</sub> is a result of low-defect epitaxial Si (epi-Si) growth and effective hydrogen passivation of defects. The quality of epitaxial growth by HWCVD on seeded glass substrates depends on the crystallographic quality of the seed and the morphology of the growth surface. Complete heterojunction cells consist of glass/c-Si LT seed/ epi n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> Si:P/epi n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> Si:P/intrinsic a-Si:H/p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> a-Si:H/ITO. Similar devices grown on electronically `dead' n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> wafers have given V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</sub> ~ 630 mV and ~8% efficiency with no light trapping features. Here we study the effects of the seed surface polish on epi-Si quality, how hydrogenation influences the device character, and the dominant junction transport physics.
Surface stress effects on the electrostatic pull-in instability of nanomechanical systems (2016)

The electrostatic pull-in instability (EPI), within the framework of the nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) has been shown as a robust and versatile method for characterizing mechanical properties of nanocantilevers. This paper aims to investigate the surface effects, specifically residual surface stress and surface elasticity, on the EPI of micro and nano-scale cantilevers as well as double clamped beams. Since the cantilever has one end free, it has no residual stress, thus the strain-independent component of the surface stress or intrinsic surface stress has no influence on the EPI, as long as it has small deformation. The strain-dependent component of the surface stress or surface elasticity changes the bending stiffness of the cantilever and, consequently, induces shifts in the EPI. For double clamped beams, the effective residual surface stress comes into play and modifies the effective residual stress of the beam. The nonlinear electromechanical coupled equations, which take into account the surface effects are solved numerically. The theoretical results presented in this paper indicate that the EPI is very sensitive to the surface effects, especially when a double clamped beam is employed. The results show that the influence of surface effects on the EPI of cantilevers become more profound when the thickness is below 50 nm, while the influence on double clamped beams is significant even at sub-micron scale. The present study can provide helpful insights for the design and characterization of NEMS switches. Moreover, the results can be used to provide the proof of concepts of a new surface stress sensing method using EPI in nanomechanical sensor systems.
Saposin C is a frequent target of paraproteins in Gaucher disease‐associated MGUS/multiple myeloma (2018)

Patients with Gaucher disease (GD) have an increased risk of monoclonal gammopathies for which antigenic targets might play a role in their pathogenesis. Here we report the identification of saposin C (sapC) as high-titre (1:1 000 000) target structure of 7/16 GD-associated paraproteins. Anti-sapC immunoglobulin (Ig) showed identity with the paraprotein Ig type and subclass in each patient that showed anti-sapC immunoreactivity. Absorption and depletion studies completely removed the paraprotein from the sera of GD patients. No immunoreactivity against sapC was detected in healthy donors and in other plasma cell dyscrasias, demonstrating that anti-sapC reactivity is highly restricted to GD. Several uncharacterized forms of post-translational modified sapC were detected but their role in the pathogenesis is not clear. We confirm the frequent presence of low-titre (1:250) anti-lysolipid reactivities in the sera of GD patients but we could show that this immunoreactivity is not mediated by the paraprotein and is not restricted to GD patients.
A fast adaptive predistorter for nonlinearly amplified M-QAM signals (2002)

M-QAM has been considered to achieve high bandwidth efficiency for broadband wireless communications. However, due to its envelope fluctuation, it exhibits large spectral re-growth and performance degradation when the transmit power amplifier operates in a nonlinear region close to saturation. In this paper, an adaptive predistortion technique suitable for DSP implementation at the baseband signals is introduced to counter-balance the AM/AM and AM/PM nonlinear effects of the transmit power amplifier. Based on nonlinear adaptive Volterra filtering, the proposed pre-distortion technique shows that M-QAM can be used with a transmit power amplifier operating near saturation to a highest power efficiency, while its transmitted spectrum and performance are kept close to those in a linear channel. The convergence behavior of the adaptive predistortion technique is analyzed. The spectral re-growth and performance of a 16 QAM system using a predistorter/SSPA are evaluated using simulation. The adaptive predistortion technique has a low complexity and fast convergence.
Personalizing automated image annotation using cross-entropy (2011)

Annotating the increasing amounts of user-contributed images in a personalized manner is in great demand. However, this demand is largely ignored by the mainstream of automated image annotation research. In this paper we aim for personalizing automated image annotation by jointly exploiting personalized tag statistics and content-based image annotation. We propose a cross-entropy based learning algorithm which personalizes a generic annotation model by learning from a user's multimedia tagging history. Using cross-entropy-minimization based Monte Carlo sampling, the proposed algorithm optimizes the personalization process in terms of a performance measurement which can be flexibly chosen. Automatic image annotation experiments with 5,315 realistic users in the social web show that the proposed method compares favorably to a generic image annotation method and a method using personalized tag statistics only. For 4,442 users the performance improves, where for 1,088 users the absolute performance gain is at least 0.05 in terms of average precision. The results show the value of the proposed method.
On the distribution of lift along the span of an airfoil with displaced ailerons (1924)

The effect of an aileron displacement on the distribution of the lift along the span is computed for an elliptic wing of aspect ratio 6 for three conditions. The lift distribution caused by the aileron displacement is uniform and extends normally beyond the inner end of the ailerons. Hence, the displacement of an aileron with constant chord length may bring about passing the stalling point of the adjacent wing sections, if these were near this point before. Hence, such ailerons can become ineffective at low speeds. Tapering the aileron towards the inside suggests itself as a remedy.
Phytoremediation of heavy metals and nutrients by theSagittaria montevidensisinto an anthropogenic contaminated site at Southern of Brazil (2019)

The evaluation of plants occurring naturally at contaminated environments are essential for applying this species in remediation techniques. In this context, the <i>Sagittaria montevidensis</i> with potential for phytoremediation was studied at an anthropogenic polluted stream in southern Brazil. The nutrients and heavy metal content were determined in the phytomass. The phytoremediation indexes were evaluated such as bioconcentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF), plant effective number (PEN), and potential phytoremoval (mg m<sup>-2</sup>). The <i>S. montevidensis</i> was then detected as presenting natural phytoextraction ability for potassium and calcium elements and also demonstrated rhizofiltration potential for phosphorus, manganese, aluminum, vanadium, sulfur, iron, arsenic, copper, magnesium, zinc, sodium, lead, cadmium, nickel, chromium, considering its ability of bioaccumulating these contaminants and retain high levels in the roots. The highest potential for bioremoval (mg m<sup>-2</sup>) of the <i>S. montevidensis</i> was detected for potassium and calcium (recommending thus the use for phytoextraction) and for aluminum, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, sulfur, and sodium, along with heavy metals (recommended for rhizofiltration). The <i>S. montevidensis</i> decontamination ability, along with its biomass production and its adaptability represents a great advance in order to the recovery of this degraded area and possible application in other contaminated watercourses in Brazil.
Electron-Spin and Electron-Orbital Dependence of the Tunnel Coupling in Laterally Coupled Double Vertical Dots (2004)

We employ a new laterally coupled, vertical double dot with a tunable tunnel-coupling gate in a parallel configuration to study the electron spin and orbital dependence of quantum mechanical tunnel coupling on the size of the honeycomb vertices in the small electron numbers regime. We find a transition from the weak coupling regime, where fluctuations in tunnel coupling due to varying electron configuration dominate the anticrossings, to a regime where the two dots coalesce. We apply a magnetic field to ascertain the orbital angular momenta of the Fermi surface eigenstates, which correlate with anticrossing size, and we identify spin pairs with congruent behavior.
Early catheter removal in 100 consecutive patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy (2000)

With appropriate patient selection as described, catheters can be removed in the clinic (with no radiographic studies) 8-9 days after RRP, with no increased incidence of complications, including anastomotic stricture, retention or incontinence.
Metabolic and performance responses to uphill and downhill running in distance runners (1992)

Distance running performance is slower on hilly race courses than flat courses even when the start and finish are at the same elevation, resulting in equal amounts of uphill and downhill running. The physiological mechanism limiting performance on these courses is not known. We examined the effects of uphills and downhills with 11 trained male distance runners running three 30 min self-paced competitive races on a treadmill. Race courses consisted of five, 6 min stages. Percent grades were: course A (0, 0, 0, 0, 0), course B (0, +5, 0, -5, 0) and course C (0, -5, 0, +5, 0). Pace, oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR), blood lactate (LA), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) did not change significantly (P greater than 0.05) over stages on the control course A. Pace changed inversely with percent grade on courses B and C. The increase in downhill running pace was inadequate to maintain a level VO2 during the race. LA increased on the uphill stages even though running pace decreased. The running paces for courses B and C were slower (P less than 0.05) than course A by 2.8% and 2.4%, respectively. Runners do not maintain constant energy expenditure when racing on hilly courses. Lactate accumulated on uphill stages even though pace decreased. Running pace increased on downhills but not enough to maintain a constant VO2.
Contributions to pairing-based cryptography (2010)

Pairing-based cryptography is an active research area in cryptography in the last decade. Pairings are bilinear mappings defined over cyclic groups wherein the discrete logarithm problem is hard. The bilinear property of pairings enables researchers to solve open problems like the construction of practical identity-based encryption, or short signatures without random oracles. Pairings can also be used to construct new cryptographic primitives.\nThis thesis contributes to the pairing-based cryptography in three areas. Firstly, we show that pairings can be used to construct efficient and provably secure digital signature schemes. We give the first convertible undeniable signatures without random oracles, and the first concrete sanitisable signatures without random oracles. We also construct a new signature primitive called concinnous signatures, which is designed to facilitate fair exchange of digital signatures without any trusted third party.\nSecondly, we analyse the identity-based cryptosystems which extensively use pairings. We mainly focus on the key escrow problem of identity-based cryptography. We propose the notion of escrow-free identity-based signatures. Furthermore, we discuss the impossibility of ideal escrow-free identity-based encryption. After that, we investigate the best defence against the key escrow problem of identity-based encryption. We categorise the existing solutions into preventive measure and blaming mechanism. In the category of preventive measure, we propose the notion of fully anonymous identity- based encryption. In the category of blaming mechanism, we also construct a new accountable-authority identity-based encryption.\nFinally, we construct new cryptographic primitives and frameworks using pairings. We give new instantiations and applications of lossy trapdoor function. We give a new cryptographic primitive called two-tier trapdoor functions. From two-tier trapdoor functions, we construct a new encryption primitive called two-tier encryption. It is a generalisation of a number of encryption schemes, including identity-based encryption. We also propose a cryptographic treatment of publish/subscribe systems.
Abstract 2745: Pharmacological characterisation of cell active inhibitors of Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) (2014)

Abstract Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is the only enzyme known to catalyse hydrolysis of the O-glycosidic linkages of ADP-ribose polymers, thereby reversing the effects of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. Total PARG deficiency leads to cell death whilst PARG depletion, using RNAi, leads to pleiotropic effects such as PAR chain persistence, progression of single- to double-strand DNA lesions and NAD+ depletion. Whilst efforts to develop small molecule inhibitors of PARG activity have generally been hampered by poor physiochemical properties, off-target pharmacology and a lack of cell permeability, we have now developed a series of PARG inhibitors which have proved to be useful biological tool compounds. Displaying selective activity in both biochemical and, more importantly, cellular assays of PARG function, these derivatives have allowed an exploration of the phenotypes resulting from reversible, pharmacological PARG inhibition. Citation Format: Dominic James, Allan Jordan, Nicola Hamilton, Alison McGonagle, Kate Smith, Alexandra Stowell, Ian Waddell, Bohdan Waszkowycz, Donald Ogilvie. Pharmacological characterisation of cell active inhibitors of Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2745. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2745
COAL LIQUEFACTION RATE CONSTANTS MEASUREMENT (1984)

ABSTRACT Liquefaction data from tests on three Alberta sub-bituminous coals (Smoky Tower, Highvale, Vesta) using 130 ml autoclave have been used to predict the rate constants of various proposed models. Calculated rate constants are correlated with Arr-henius law. Results indicated that only coal to gas conversions are purely thermal reactions, while toluene and tetrahydrofuran (THF) extracts conversions are associated with gas-solvent-coal solvolysis.
NAADP/TPC2/Ca2+Signaling Inhibits Autophagy (2013)

Nicotinic adenine acid dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is one of the most potent endogenous Ca(2+) mobilizing messengers. NAADP mobilizes Ca(2+) from an acidic lysosome-related store, which can be subsequently amplified into global Ca(2+) waves by calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) from ER/SR via Ins(1,4,5)P 3 receptors or ryanodine receptors. A body of evidence indicates that 2 pore channel 2 (TPC2), a new member of the superfamily of voltage-gated ion channels containing 12 putative transmembrane segments, is the long sought after NAADP receptor. Activation of NAADP/TPC2/Ca(2+) signaling inhibits the fusion between autophagosome and lysosome by alkalizing the lysosomal pH, thereby arresting autophagic flux. In addition, TPC2 is downregulated during neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells, and TPC2 downregulation actually facilitates the neural lineage entry of ES cells. Here we propose the mechanism underlying how NAADP-induced Ca(2+) release increases lysosomal pH and discuss the role of TPC2 in neural differentiation of mouse ES cells.
Diagnosis and Immunotherapy of Mould Allergy (1986)

A placebo-controlled, double-blind study of immunotherapy with the mould species Cladosporium was performed in 22 adult asthmatics. The diagnosis of Cladosporium allergy was based on a combination of bronchial provocation test and daily symptom score in the Cladosporium season. An aqueous preparation of a potent, biologically standardized and purified extract was used in a clustered dose-increase regimen. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by a combination of symptoms (asthma score + peak flow) and consumption of antiasthmatic medication. The mean changes in symptoms and medication consumption over a 10-week registration period (peak Cladosporium season) in 1982 after 5-7 months of immunotherapy were compared with the corresponding 1981 pretreatment 10-week period. A significant (P = 0.03) difference in terms of "improved", "unchanged" and "deteriorated" patients in favour of Cladosporium treatment was found. Approximately 80% in the Cladosporium group showed improved/unchanged symptoms contrary to 30% of the placebo treated. Side effects were observed frequently but only in the Cladosporium-treated. About 70% experienced a large local reaction and 100% had episodes of asthma during dose-increase phase. Only a few severe systemic reactions occurred. Based on the clinical efficacy of the treatment we consider immunotherapy with Cladosporium feasible for highly specialized clinics.
Rheological investigation of single-walled carbon nanotubes – induced structural ordering in CTAB solutions (2009)

The rheological behavior of aqueous dispersions of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in solutions of the cationic surfactant cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated. The steady shear viscosity as a function of the applied shear rate was monitored in different concentrations of surfactant which correspond to different mesophases. We found that the presence of SWNTs had a dramatic effect on the behavior of the combined system not observed with other additives: a significant increase in the low shear-rate viscosity of SWNT dispersions, and shear thinning replacing Newtonian behavior were observed for CTAB concentrations below the onset of the surfactant hexagonal phase. As CTAB concentration increases the rheological behavior of the SWNT-CTAB system and the native CTAB solutions become more alike. We suggest that the origin of the observed phenomena is the good size-match between SWNTs and elongated CTAB micelles. Thus dispersed SWNTs may induce the formation of size-matched elongated CTAB micelles that further orient under the action of external shear. A similar effect was not observed in dispersions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes or carbon black particles, suggesting that the cooperative behavior is not invoked when significant size-mismatch exists between the surfactant micelles and the dispersed additives.
Highly active metallocene catalysts for olefin polymerization (1998)

The fascinating story of the discovery of the metallocene–methylaluminoxane catalysts for olefin polymerization is reviewed from its conception up until the first commercial production of polymers. A great number of different titanocenes and zirconocenes have been synthesized that give tailored polymers of totally different structures, and allows control of polymer tacticity, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution to be more efficient. New kinds of copolymers and elastomers can be synthesized.
EHRP: Enhanced hierarchical routing protocol for zigbee mesh networks ee (2007)

This letter proposes the enhanced hierarchical routing protocol (EHRP) for ZigBee mesh networks. The EHRP finds the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">shortest hierarchical path</i> based on the ZigBee hierarchical addressing scheme. The EHRP provides efficient and reliable routing paths. In addition, the EHRP is completely compatible with ZigBee v.1.0 standard. Simulation results demonstrate that the EHRP reduces routing overhead and route discovery delay of ZigBee mesh networks significantly compared with the hierarchical routing protocol (HRP) defined in ZigBee v1.0.