gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TH-D-304A-03: Applications of Two Dimensional MR Spectroscopy in Breast Cancer Detection (2009)

Purpose: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) allows noninvasive measurements of the concentrations of different metabolites in human breast in vivo. Two-dimensional correlated spectroscopy (2D COSY) of breast tissues showed that in addition to Choline, several other metabolite ratios are different between malignant tumor and healthy tissues. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of using Choline/Noise ratio (CNR) and other metabolite ratios from 2D COSY of breast tissues to detect breast cancer. Method and Materials: A total of 31 women participated in this study, including 13 healthy women, 9 subjects with malignant tumors, 9 women with benign tumors. Each 2D spectrum was acquired from malignant tumor, benign tumor, healthy fatty tissue or healthy glandular tissue. The size of each volume of interest was 1×1×1cm3, the total scan time was 12 minutes. All 2D MRS data files were processed using Felix2000 software package. Each 2D spectrum contains : Water (4.8, 4.8)ppm, Fat (1.4, 1.4)ppm; Methyl Fat (0.9, 0.9) ppm; Olefinic Fat (5.4, 5.4)ppm; Choline (3.3, 3.3)ppm; UFR(2.1, 5.4)ppm; UFL (2.9, 5.4) ppm; TGFR (4.3, 5.3)ppm. CNR, 9 diagonal and 9 cross peak metabolite ratios were calculated for each spectrum. CNR and two statistical analysis methods (Fisher's linear discriminate, Classification and regression tree) were used to distinguish between malignant tumors from other breast tissues. Results: The CNR and 9 metabolite ratios are significantly different (p<=0.05) between malignant tissue and other breast tissues. Using both statistical analysis methods can get better detection accuracy than using only CNR. Conclusion: 2D MR spectroscopy can identify the major metabolites in human breast in vivo. CNR and different metabolite ratios can be used as biomarkers to distinguish between malignant tumors from other breast tissues. This method needs to be evaluated using a large cohort of patients.
Frontispiz: Elektronentransfer in Peptiden: Bildung von Silbernanopartikeln (2015)

Nanopartikel K. M. Fromm, B. Giese et al. beschreiben in der Zuschrift auf S. 2954 ff., wie Abschirmungseffekte die Bildung von Ag-Nanopartikeln aus Ag+-Peptiden verhindern. Für Abhilfe sorgen Chloridionen, die zunächst AgCl-Mikrokristalle bilden.
FROM THE ACS PRESIDENT, ATTILA E. PAVLATH (2001)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTFROM THE ACS PRESIDENT, ATTILA E. PAVLATHATTILA E. PAVLATHCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2001, 79, 13, 11Publication Date (Print):March 26, 2001Publication History Published online16 November 2010Published inissue 26 March 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v079n013.p011https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v079n013.p011newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views7Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Chemical structure Get e-Alerts
Multidimensional visualization and browsing for intelligence analysis (1994)

Visualization tools have been invaluable in the process of scientific discovery by providing researchers with insights gained through graphical tools and techniques. At PNL, the Multidimensional Visualization and Advanced Browsing (MVAB) project is extending visualization technology to the problems of intelligence analysis of textual documents by creating spatial representations of textual information. By representing an entire corpus of documents as points in a coordinate space of two or more dimensions, the tools developed by the MVAB team give the analyst the ability to quickly browse the entire document base and determine relationships among documents and publication patterns not readily discernible through traditional lexical means.
Experimental Investigation of a New Liquid Embolization Method: Enhancing Effect of 25% Ethanol on Conjugated Estrogen (1992)

A new liquid embolization material applicable to intracranial lesions was evaluated by selective renal artery embolization in mongrel dogs. Absolute and diluted ethanol, estrogen, and estrogen in 25% ethanol (ethanol-estrogen) were injected. The embolization and side effects were investigated angiographically and histologically. Ethanol-estrogen caused similar embolization to absolute ethanol, but no direct damage to perivascular tissue, and is considered a promising embolization agent in intravascular surgery.
Small Heat Shock Protein Hsp17.8 Functions as an AKR2A Cofactor in the Targeting of Chloroplast Outer Membrane Proteins in Arabidopsis (2011)

Plastid proteins that are encoded by the nuclear genome and synthesized in the cytosol undergo posttranslational targeting to plastids. Ankyrin repeat protein 2A (AKR2A) and AKR2B were recently shown to be involved in the targeting of proteins to the plastid outer envelope. However, it remains unknown whether other factors are involved in this process. In this study, we investigated a factor involved in AKR2A-mediated protein targeting to chloroplasts in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Hsp17.8, a member of the class I (CI) cytosolic small heat shock proteins (sHsps), was identified in interactions with AKR2A. The interaction between Hsp17.8 and AKR2A was further confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. The carboxyl-terminal ankyrin repeat domain of AKR2A was responsible for AKR2A binding to Hsp17.8. Other CI cytosolic sHsps also interact with AKR2A to varying degrees. Additionally, Hsp17.8 binds to chloroplasts in vitro and enhances AKR2A binding to chloroplasts. HSP17.8 was expressed under normal growth conditions, and its expression increased after heat shock. Hsp17.8 exists as a dimer under normal physiological conditions, and it is converted to high oligomeric complexes, ranging from 240 kD to greater than 480 kD, after heat shock. High levels of Hsp17.8 together with AKR2A resulted in increased plastid targeting of Outer Envelope Protein7 (OEP7), a plastid outer envelope protein expressed as a green fluorescent protein fusion protein. In contrast, artificial microRNA suppression of HSP17.8 and closely related CI cytosolic sHSPs in protoplasts resulted in a reduction of OEP7:green fluorescent protein targeting to plastids. Based on these data, we propose that Hsp17.8 functions as an AKR2A cofactor in targeting membrane proteins to plastid outer membranes under normal physiological conditions.
The Determination of Optimum Ship's Design and Power Prediction Using Spreadsheet Model. (2002)

[in Japanese]
Design of SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors with improved affinity and reduced sensitivity to mutations (2023)

Abstract Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro ) such as nirmatrelvir (NTV) and ensitrelvir (ETV) have proven effective in reducing the severity of COVID-19, but the presence of resistance-conferring mutations in sequenced viral genomes raises concerns about future drug resistance. Second-generation oral drugs that retain function on these mutants are thus urgently needed. We hypothesized that the covalent HCV protease inhibitor boceprevir (BPV) could serve as the basis for orally bioavailable drugs that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 M pro more tightly than existing drugs. Performing structure-guided modifications of BPV, we developed a picomolar-affinity inhibitor, ML2006a4, with antiviral activity, oral pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic efficacy similar or superior to NTV. A crucial feature of ML2006a4 is a novel derivatization of the ketoamide reactive group that improves cell permeability and oral bioavailability. Finally, ML2006a4 is less sensitive to several mutations that cause resistance to NTV or ETV and occur in the natural SARS-CoV-2 population. Thus, anticipatory drug design can preemptively address potential resistance mechanisms.
Coolability of stainless steel particle beds in sodium (1985)

Many workers have contributed to the development of correlating and predicting debris bed dryout. All of the models for dryout have essentially been developed from data for beds of uniform size spherical particles in liquids other than sodium. Previous experiments, both in-pile and out-of-pile, that have been conducted with sodium have been with UO/sub 2/ particle which were irregular in shape and of wide size distribution. Comparisons with these data are inconclusive because of uncertainties concerning shape factor and the appropriate mean for the particle size. The dryout experiments reported here are significant. In these experiments, beds of spherical stainless steel particles of narrow size distribution were bottom heated. Heat was introduced into the base of the container by a tungsten strip heater sandwiched between boron nitride plates. While bottom heating is not entirely representative of volumetric heating by radioactive decay, the data from these experiments provides a significant test of theory. Several models predict dryout for bottom heating, as well as, for volume heating or indicate that dryout should be independent of the heating mode. Data were obtained for 780, 485, 178, and for 55 to 120 ..mu..m stainless steel particles.
High Yield of GaAs Nanowire Arrays on Si Mediated by the Pinning and Contact Angle of Ga (2015)

GaAs nanowire arrays on silicon offer great perspectives in the optoelectronics and solar cell industry. To fulfill this potential, gold-free growth in predetermined positions should be achieved. Ga-assisted growth of GaAs nanowires in the form of array has been shown to be challenging and difficult to reproduce. In this work, we provide some of the key elements for obtaining a high yield of GaAs nanowires on patterned Si in a reproducible way: contact angle and pinning of the Ga droplet inside the apertures achieved by the modification of the surface properties of the nanoscale areas exposed to growth. As an example, an amorphous silicon layer between the crystalline substrate and the oxide mask results in a contact angle around 90°, leading to a high yield of vertical nanowires. Another example for tuning the contact angle is anticipated, native oxide with controlled thickness. This work opens new perspectives for the rational and reproducible growth of GaAs nanowire arrays on silicon.
Non-Bayesian Additive Regularization for Multimodal Topic Modeling of Large Collections (2015)

Probabilistic topic modeling of text collections is a powerful tool for statistical text analysis based on the preferential use of graphical models and Bayesian learning. Additive regularization for topic modeling (ARTM) is a recent semiprobabilistic approach, which provides a simpler inference for many models previously studied only in the Bayesian settings. ARTM reduces barriers to entry into topic modeling research field and facilitates combination of topic models. In this paper we develop the multimodal extension of ARTM approach and implement it in BigARTM open source project for online parallelized topic modeling. We demonstrate the ability of non-Bayesian regularization to combine modalities, languages and multiple criteria to find sparse, diverse, and interpretable topics.
[Thrombosis in patients with SLE and antiphospholipid syndrome]. (1995)

Clinical and serological features in SLE patients with arterial or venous thrombosis were studied. The subjects consisted of 140 patients with SLE who met the revised criteria for the classification of SLE by the American Rheumatism Association. Forty patients (29%) had arterial or venous thrombosis. Arterial thrombosis such as stroke was found in 30 patients, and venous thrombosis such as deep vein thrombosis was seen in 24 patients. Average age at the disease onset was 34.5 +/- 12.5 years old. Renal disorder was found as a clinical feature, and IgG anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), IgG phospholipid-dependent anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I (beta 2-GPI) antibodies and IgG anti-Annexin V antibodies were identified as serological features in SLE patients with thrombosis. These patients were diagnosed as having antiphospholipid syndrome. It was necessary to perform primary prevention therapy as well as secondary prevention therapy. Multiple thrombotic events in the past history and sustained positive reactions of IgG aCL were suggested as predictors of recurrent thrombosis. These data indicated the clinical and serological characteristics in SLE patients with arterial or venous thrombosis.
Phosphorylation of Mcm2 modulates Mcm2–7 activity and affects the cell’s response to DNA damage (2011)

The S-phase kinase, DDK controls DNA replication through phosphorylation of the replicative helicase, Mcm2-7. We show that phosphorylation of Mcm2 at S164 and S170 is not essential for viability. However, the relevance of Mcm2 phosphorylation is demonstrated by the sensitivity of a strain containing alanine at these positions (mcm2(AA)) to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and caffeine. Consistent with a role for Mcm2 phosphorylation in response to DNA damage, the mcm2(AA) strain accumulates more RPA foci than wild type. An allele with the phosphomimetic mutations S164E and S170E (mcm2(EE)) suppresses the MMS and caffeine sensitivity caused by deficiencies in DDK function. In vitro, phosphorylation of Mcm2 or Mcm2(EE) reduces the helicase activity of Mcm2-7 while increasing DNA binding. The reduced helicase activity likely results from the increased DNA binding since relaxing DNA binding with salt restores helicase activity. The finding that the ATP site mutant mcm2(K549R) has higher DNA binding and less ATPase than mcm2(EE), but like mcm2(AA) results in drug sensitivity, supports a model whereby a specific range of Mcm2-7 activity is required in response to MMS and caffeine. We propose that phosphorylation of Mcm2 fine-tunes the activity of Mcm2-7, which in turn modulates DNA replication in response to DNA damage.
Impact of pattern and LSA stitching effects and processing parameters on reflectance and stress distribution for thermal annealing technologies (2009)

Ultra shallow junctions are increasingly important to overcome short channel effects, and sub-millisecond annealing offers the ability to control diffusion while simultaneously offering high activation levels. The ultra-fast annealing process needs tight uniformity control to provide consistent device performance across the wafer. The ultratech LSA-100A system features scan pattern overlap flexibility and closed-loop process temperature control to achieve such uniformity control. Generally speaking, pattern effects can arise from reflectance variations of the incident radiation source used for annealing. The reflectance variation of a long wavelength source at Brewster's angle and p-polarization used for laser spike annealing is compared to a broad-based light source. By the use of a stress measurement technology, the coherent gradient sensing (CGS) interferometer, a detailed characterization of deformation induced during sub-millisecond laser annealing is obtained and is also related to the radiation source.
DNA Photonics [Deoxyribonucleic Acid] (2005)

ABSTRACT Purified deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) derived from salmon and scallop sperm has demonstrated excellent passive and active optical properties. Characterization of the optical and electromagnetic properties of DNA suggests suitability for photonic applications. One of interesting features of DNA we discovered was an intercalation of aromatic compounds into stacked layers within the double helix of DNA molecules. We found that various optical dyes inserted into the double helix of DNA molecules rendered active optical waveguide materials with excellent nonlinear optical properties. Our research included the investigation of DNA for use as an optical waveguide material as well as intercalation of fluorescent dyes, photochromic dyes, nonlinear optic chromophores, two photon dyes and rare earth compounds into DNA for use as a nonlinear optical material.
On the Molar Extinction Coefficient and Integrated Molar Absorptivity of the Infrared Absorption Spectra of C60and C70Fullerenes (2011)

The molar extinction coefficients, known also as molar absorptivity ɛ, of C60 and C70 fullerenes infrared absorption spectra were determined at room temperature on samples embedded in KBr pellets. Furthermore, the integrated molar absorptivity Ψ of each absorption infrared band either of C60 and of C70 was measured and reported together with the relative intensity of the infrared absorption bands. These results can be useful in the quantitative determination of C60 and C70 fullerenes in space after the recent discovery that these molecules are present around the young planetary nebula Tc1.
법률복지국가 실현을 위한 정부와 법률구조공단의 역할과 과제 (2009)

사회복지국가의 구현을 위한 노력의 일환으로 국민의 법률복지를 현실적이고 제도적으로 구현
하기 위한 노력은 계속되어 왔지만 아직도 더 많은 법률복지를 구현하여야 한다. 헌법상 인간다운
생활을 할 권리는 단순히 경제적ㆍ물질적인 측면 뿐 아니라 정신적ㆍ문화적 세계에서도 구현되어
야 한다. 법적인 어려움에 처한 국민에 대한 사회경제적 배려는 매우 부족한...
Purification and partial amino acid sequence analysis of two distinct tumor necrosis factor receptors from HL60 cells (1990)

Two distinct tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors of 55- and 75-kDa apparent molecular masses previously identified on the cell surface by monoclonal antibodies have been solubilized with Triton X-100 from HL60 cells. A filter-based dot blot assay was developed to monitor specific 125I-TNF alpha binding during fractionation of the cell extract. By a combination of immuno- and ligand affinity chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography both receptor proteins were purified to apparent homogeneity. Analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed two bands at 55 and 51 kDa for the 55-kDa TNF receptor and a major 75-kDa and a minor 65-kDa band for the 75-kDa TNF receptor. All these bands specifically bound TNF alpha and TNF beta in ligand blot experiments. The exclusive specificity of monoclonal antibodies of the utr series for the 75.65-kDa bands and of the htr series for the 55.51-kDa bands was demonstrated with the purified antigens on Western blots. Both TNF receptor types were found to contain N-linked carbohydrates. N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of the 55- and 51-kDa bands of the 55-kDa TNF receptor revealed identical sequences suggesting a possible truncation at the C-terminal end. Two different N-terminal sequences were determined for the 65-kDa band. One corresponded to the published sequence of ubiquitin; the other was therefore assumed to be a unique sequence of the 75-kDa TNF receptor. Additional internal sequences of this receptor were determined after proteolytic cleavage.
Role of Novel Choline Binding Proteins in Virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae (2000)

The choline binding proteins (CBPs) are a family of surface proteins noncovalently bound to the phosphorylcholine moiety of the cell wall of Streptococcus pneumoniae by a conserved choline binding domain. Six new members of this family were identified, and these six plus two recently described cell wall hydrolases, LytB and LytC, were characterized for their roles in virulence. CBP-deficient mutants were constructed and tested for adherence to eukaryotic cells, colonization of the rat nasopharynx, and ability to cause sepsis. Five CBP mutants, CbpD, CbpE, CbpG, LytB, and LytC, showed significantly reduced colonization of the nasopharynx. For CbpE and -G this was attributable to a decreased ability to adhere to human cells. CbpG, a putative serine protease, also played a role in sepsis, the first observation of a pneumococcal virulence determinant strongly operative both on the mucosal surface and in the bloodstream.
The Colacosomes: New Structures at the Host‐parasite Interface of a Mycoparasitic Basidiomycete* (1991)

Abstract The ultrastructure of mycoparasitic interactions in heterobasidiomycetes is diverse. A previously unknown cell structure, involved in a specific parasitic interaction, is described and illustrated. Cells of the parasite Platygloea peniophorae (Auriculariales s.l., Basidiomycetes) which attach to host cells of Hyphoderma praetermissum (Aphyllophorales, Basidiomycetes) form distinct marginal vesicular bodies with electron‐opaque cores and electron transparent sheaths. Finally, the vesicular content projects through the cell wall of the parasite and then interacts with the cell wall of the host. Ontogenetic stages are described and illustrated in detail.
Optimization of medium for the production of subtilisin from Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 (2009)

&nbsp; Subtilisins (E.C.3.4.21.62) are alkaline proteases that are secreted by members of the genus&nbsp;Bacillus. They are serine proteases that exhibit high specific activity on proteinaceous substrates, function optimally at moderate temperatures, and are stable under alkaline conditions. Thus the use of subtilisin as an enzyme additive could help in development of quality laundry detergents. In this work the subtilisin production from&nbsp;Bacillus subtilis&nbsp;(MTCC 441) was improved by altering and optimizing the media components. This alteration was brought up by process development strategy. The effect of yeast extract, casein, peptone and sodium chloride on subtilisin production was studied and were optimized using Box Behnken Design. The optimal growth conditions for&nbsp;B. subtilis&nbsp;MTCC 441 were found to 37oC, and pH 7.5. The optimal media composition for subtilisin production was found to be yeast extract at 6.75 g/L, peptone at 4.41 g/L, sodium chloride at 6.08 g/L, casein at 10.75 g/L with glucose at 5 g/L.&nbsp;The predicted and observed response were&nbsp;181.00 U/mg (with desirability =0.87)&nbsp;and 185.70 U/mg, respectively. &nbsp; Key words:&nbsp;Bacillus subtilis, subtilisin, Box-Behnken design, media optimization.