gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biosensing using straight long-range surface plasmon waveguides (2013)

Straight long-range surface plasmon waveguides are demonstrated as biosensors for the detection of cells, proteins and changes in the bulk refractive index of solutions. The sensors consist of 5 μm wide 22 nm thick Au stripes embedded in polymer (CYTOP™) with microfluidic channels etched into the top cladding. Bulk sensing is demonstrated by sequentially injecting six solutions of different refractive indices in 2 × 10(-3) RIU increments; such index steps were detected with a signal-to-noise ratio of ~1000. Selective capture of cells is demonstrated using Au waveguides functionalized with antibodies against blood group A, and red blood cells of group A and O in buffer as positive and negative analyte. Bovine serum albumin in buffer was used to demonstrate protein sensing. A monolayer of bovine serum albumin physisorbed on a carboxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayer on Au was detected with a signal-to-noise ratio of ~300. Overall, the biosensor demonstrated a good capability for detecting bulk changes in solution and for sensing analyte over a very wide range of mass (from cells to proteins). The biosensors are compact, inexpensive to fabricate, and may find use over a wide range of cost-sensitive sensing and detection applications.
Adopting cyber security practices in Internet of Things: a review (2018)

Internet of Things (IoT), an emerging network of physical objects, acts as catalyst for the future connected world. It is estimated that there will be around 50 billion connected objects by year 2020. An IoT enabled connected world improves the way human live and interact with surroundings. Through IoT valuable information and services are available to humans on demand and in real time. But these information and services may also cause harm at certain level if not thoroughly observed. With the advent of IoT, the future of the connected world will face new types of security threats since more than half of the total connected objects today are exposed to such threats and vulnerability and this number may increase as more devices are getting connected to internet. Security is the major concern in designing IoT systems since the data collected by IoT objects may be critical and also data transmitted and processed by overall IoT system may be sensitive and may lead to issues with safety, privacy, authorization and authenticity etc. Therefore while taking advantage of IoT we must also consider the ways, to the highest possible degree, to prevent the future IoT connected world from harming us. Cyber security in IoT deals with protecting connected objects for data authorization, authentication, tempering and losses as well as identifying potential risks to the system. This paper provides a brief review on how to adopt security practices in designing IoT systems to make them secure and safe.
Fine-mapping of a putative glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene responsible for yellow seed colour in flax (Linum usitatissimum) (2022)

We developed a Recombinant Inbred Line population with 320 lines descended from a cross between CDC Bethune (brown seed coat) and S95407 (yellow seed) and used molecular markers to fine map the G gene on Chromosome 6 (Chr 6). We used Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to identify a putative GST was identified in this region and Sanger sequenced the gene from CDC Bethune, S95407 and other yellow seeded genotypes. The putative GST from S95407 had 13 SNPs encoding, including four non-synonymous amino acid changes, compared to the CDC Bethune reference sequence and the other genotypes. The GST encoded by Lus10019895 is a lambda-GST in contrast to the Arabidopsis TT19 which is a phi-GST.
Engineered Steel Fibers with Optimal Properties for Reinforcement of Cement Composites (2003)

Although steel fibers have been used in cement and concrete composites for more than four decades, most of the steel fibers on the market today have been introduced prior to 1980. This is in sharp contract to the continuous progress and development in the cement matrix itself. Following a brief summary of the main properties and limitations of steel fibers used in cement based composites, this paper describes the rationale and technical background behind the development and design of a new generation of steel fibers for use in cement, ceramic and polymeric matrices. These fibers are engineered to achieve optimal properties in terms of shape, size, and mechanical properties, as well as compatibility with a given matrix. They are identified as Torex fibers. Typical tests results are provided and illustrate without any doubt the superior performance (2 to 3 times) of Torex fibers in comparison to other steel fibers on the market. The new fibers will advance the broader use of high performance fiber reinforced cement composites in structural applications such as in blast and seismic resistant structures, as well as in stand-alone applications such as in thin cement sheet products.
Elaboration of multilayered thin films based on cellulose nanocrystals and cationic xylans: application to xylanase activity detection (2013)

Abstract Multilayered thin films have been prepared by means of the “spin-assisted electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly” method, in which cellulose nanocrystals (CN) and cationic xylans (CX) are alternatively deposited up to 10 times on a rotating silicon wafer. The film growth process was studied and the thickness increment was found to be equal to 23 nm per bilayer. This value is relatively high in comparison with that of previous studies. Atomic force microscopy revealed that the surface of the films consists of thick layers of CX, which are deposited as a compact network of aggregates on the CN layers. After a few deposition cycles, structural color appears. When the film is submitted to enzymatic hydrolysis of xylans, the thickness of the film decreases and a visible color change is induced. The sensitivity of the test was evaluated in comparison with a usual colorimetric measurement, which relies on the detection of reducing sugars set free by enzymatic hydrolysis. The assay sensitivity was found to be similar to that of the colorimetric method. The presented new method is simple, fast, and easy to use. These findings show that the method based on multilayer thin films might open new opportunities to optimize the screening assays for xylanase discovery.
SP448DETERMINANTS OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE DECLINE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES (2017)

LDL)-cholesterol (C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C, RLP-C, oxidized-LDL, lipoprotein lipase, and blood hemoglobin (Hb) A1c were measured.RESULTS: HbA1c decreased in teneligliptin group and marginally significantly decreased in control group.FPG and RLP-C significantly decreased in teneligliptin group.After 12 weeks of trial, the decrease in HbA1c levels was significantly higher in teneligliptin group than in the control group.
Standoff infrared detection of explosives at laboratory scale (2006)

An actively operated standoff infrared detection system was designed from commercial infrared equipment: VECTOR 22 FTIR (Bruker Optics), an external mirror and an external MCT detector. One type of experiment was done for IR detection of high explosives RDX and TNT on reflective surfaces. In the detection on surface, the samples were move to different distances and a beam of infrared light was reflect on surface in angle of ~ 0° (backward collection from surface normal). First the samples: 2 to 30 &#956;g/cm<sup>2</sup> of high explosives TNT and RDX were characterized after depositing on stainless steel reflective surfaces using Reflection-Absorption Infrared Spectroscopy (RAIS). Then targets were moved to increasing distances: 3 to 12 feet and remote-sensed spectra were collected in active reflectance mode. The limits of detection were determined for all distances measured in both nitroexplosives. Limit of detection of 18 and 20 &#956;g/cm<sup>2</sup> for TNT and RDX respectively in the longest distances measured.
Fabrication of weak‐acid functionalized mesoporous carbon solid acid from tannic acid and its use for saccharification of cellulose (2017)

A series of mesoporous carbon‐based solid acid catalysts were prepared using tannic acid (C 76 H 52 O 46 ), a polyphenol compound, as starting carbon materials and SBA‐15 as silica template. The tannic acid catalysts were characterized by use of N 2 Adsorption‐Desorption Isotherm, XRD, FTIR, XPS, and titration method. Phenolic hydroxyl group with weak acidity was confirmed as main functional groups in these catalysts based on characterization using FT‐IR and XPS. The catalysts were tested in saccharification of cellulose. Effects of different preparation parameters of catalyst were correlated to its saccharification activity: (a) oxidation using H 2 SO 4 was important factor determined the high catalytic activity of catalysts, proved by comparison of catalytic activity of catalysts after treatment in concentrated H 2 SO 4 and parent materials lacking the functionalization, (b) higher carbon coating also promoted good catalytic activity since it has higher relative percentage of acid functional groups based on XPS measurement, and (c) catalyst that treated by short oxidation time (2 h) could exhibit higher catalytic activity compared with catalysts that treated by longer oxidation time. With a ratio of catalyst/substrate: 0.5/1 (g/g) at 180°C for 1 h, glucose yield and conversion of 31.45 and 53.86% could be obtained. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 850–860, 2018
Detection of microcalcification with top-hat transform and the Gibbs random fields (2015)

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death in women aged 40 and above. Early detection of breast cancer has been one of the prime topics of research in biomedical engineering area. Micro-calcifications (MCs) are the indicators of early stages of breast cancer, and the detection of these MCs will, in turn, lead to diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer at its earliest stages. This paper proposes a new method to detect MCs in a digital mammogram. The approach starts with the segmentation of the digital mammogram to isolate the breast region, using fuzzy C means clustering algorithm. The segmented image is then further segmented using top-hat transform to localize the region of interest. A watershed transform is used to isolate the region of interest from rest of the image. The Gibbs random fields are employed to analyze the pixels in conjunction with the devised clique patterns and detect MCs in the image. A thresholding is performed on the processed image where the MCs are detected. The proposed algorithm is highly effective in reducing the region of interest to the region which has a high probability of finding a calcification or MC. It has an overall detection rate of 94.4% and accuracy of 88.2% with a false negative detection rate of 5.6%, respectively.
The epidermal growth factor receptor is required to maintain the proliferative population in the basal compartment of epidermal tumors. (2000)

Previous studies using keratinocytes from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-deficient mice revealed that the EGFR is not required for papilloma formation initiated by a mutant rasHa gene, although the tumors that develop are very small (A. A. Dlugosz et aL, Cancer Res., 57: 3180-3188, 1997). The current study used a combination of bromodeoxyuridine pulse-chase, proliferating cell nuclear antigen distribution, and differentiation marker analysis to reveal the following: (a) the EGFR was required to maintain the proliferative population in the basal cell compartment of papillomas; (b) in the absence of EGFR, cycling tumor cells migrated into the suprabasal compartment and initiated the differentiation program prematurely; and (c) these changes were associated with cell cycle arrest. Further analysis of v-rasHa-transformed EGFR-deficient keratinocytes in vitro indicated that such cells migrated more on and attached less to extracellular matrix components. Together, these studies reveal that an essential function for the EGFR pathway in squamous tumors is to maintain a proliferative pool of basal cells and prevent premature terminal differentiation.
Peyote, a Potential Ethnopharmacologic Agent for Alcoholism and Other Drug Dependencies: Possible Biochemical Rationale (1977)

The authors examine folk psychiatry among Native American Church members from an enthnopharmacologic viewpoint. Alcohol and opiate abuse among Indian and non-Indian are presented in case histories proving to be asymptomatic under Indian guidance and through participation in the peyote ritual. The biochemical alkaloids common in the peyote cactus, rather than just the psychoactive substances (mescaline), are purported to be pharmacologically similar to the neuroamine-derived alkaloids found in the brain during alcohol intoxification. Evidence is reviewed that points out possible common features of alcohol and opiate dependence leading to the speculation for a common mode of treatment may reside in plants rich in isoquinoline alkaloids.
Induction of the soxRS regulon ofEscherichia coli by superoxide. (1999)

Induction of the soxRS Regulon of Escherichia coli by SuperoxideJournal of Biological ChemistryVol. 274Issue 14PreviewThe soxRS regulon orchestrates a multifaceted defense against oxidative stress, by inducing the transcription of ∼15 genes. The induction of this regulon by redox agents, known to mediate O·̄2 production, led to the view that O·̄2 is one signal to which it responds. However, redox cycling agents deplete cellular reductants while producing O·̄2, and one may question whether the regulon responds to the depletion of some cytoplasmic reductant or to O·̄2, or both. We demonstrate that raising [O·̄2] by mutational deletion of superoxide dismutases and/or by addition of paraquat, both under aerobic conditions, causes induction of a member of the soxRS regulon and that a mutational defect in soxRS eliminates that induction. Full-Text PDF Open Access Page 9481: Equation 6 should be as shown below. VT=VfVSOD/VT+1
Suivi temporel 3D de vaisseaux coronaires dans les projections rayons X (2017)

National audience
Advancements in solar-thermochemical air separation based on perovskite oxides (2017)

We present the synthesis, characterization and application of these perovskites, especially Ca0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ and Cu-doped SrFeO3-δ. The materials were characterized using thermo-gravimetric analysis, as well as in-situ X-Ray diffraction and near ambient pressure X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near-edge adsorption spectroscopy, the latter two performed at the synchrotron source BESSY II, Berlin. This in-depth analysis led us to the conclusion that these materials are excellent candidates to be used in solar-thermal air separation processes. We furthermore present briefly how the materials were selected from thermodynamic considerations.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Phenylbenzofuran Derivatives as Testosterone 5α‐Reductase Inhibitor. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
trans-Diacetonitriletetrakis(1H-pyrazole-κN2)nickel(II) dinitrate (2009)

In the title complex, [Ni(CH(3)CN)(2)(C(3)H(4)N(2))(4)](NO(3))(2), the cation lies on an inversion center and adopts an octa-hedral coordination geometry about the Ni atom. The two acetonitrile ligands are in a trans conformation. N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between cations and anions link the complex mol-ecules into one-dimensional chains running parallel to [100].
Pathology of the Fischer rat : reference and atlas (1990)

Introduction. The History of the Fischer 344 Rat. Oral Cavity, Esophagus and Stomach. Salivary Glands. Small and Large Intestines . Peritoneum, Retroperitoneum, Mesentery, And Abdominal Cavity. Exocrine Pancreas. Urinary Bladder, Ureter, And Urethra. Kidney and Brain. Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves. And Skeletal Muscle. Bones, Joints, And Synovia. Ear and Pinna. Eye and Associated Glands. Skin and Subcutis. Specialized Sebaceous Glands. Mammary Gland. Nose, Larynx, And Trachea. Lung. Spleen, Lymph Nodes, And Thymus. Bone Marrow. Tests and Epididymis. Male Accessory Sex Glands, Penis, And Scrotum. Oviduct, Uterus, And Vagina. Blood and Lymphatic Vessels. Pituitary Gland. Adrenal Gland. Thyroid Gland. Parathyroid Gland. Endocrine Pancreas. Tumor Incidences in Fischer 344 Rats: NTP Historical Data. Index.
Clinical Decision Support for Glycemic Management Reduces Hospital Length of Stay (2022)

Use of the alert-based CDS tool to address inpatient management of dysglycemia contributed to reducing LOS, which may reduce costs and improve patient well-being.
Phenotype-driven screening of 150 strains of mice for allergic lung inflammation identified strains representative of heterogeneous human asthma cohorts (2020)

Abstract Asthma is a highly prevalent and heterogeneous disease characterized by airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and an influx of immune cells including eosinophils and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Furthermore, there are patient subsets, such as severe asthmatics, who are unresponsive to corticosteroids or bronchodilators. Research efforts targeting these cohorts of asthma patients however are severely lacking due to an inadequacy in relevant biological mouse models. For the first time, we immunophenotyped 150+ inbred and RI mouse strains in the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP) under steady state conditions and after house dust mite (HDM) challenge to assess the lung function, BAL cell composition, serum immunoglobulin levels, as well as quantification of lung and peripheral immune cells. These results revealed at least three unique groups of strains that, when exposed to the same allergen, respond with three distinct systemic and local phenotypes of lung inflammation, specifically a high Th-2 response, a low Th-2 response, and neutrophilia. These murine models of AHR mirror human cohorts of asthma previously underrepresented in ongoing research efforts. We are currently designing mechanistic studies focusing on identifying the genetic factors responsible for these distinct phenotypes. The results of these combined studies may lead to a better understanding of asthma heterogeneity and provide a foundation for further elucidation of the pathogenetic mechanisms of each phenotype of asthma utilizing relevant animal models.
Treating the Untreatable in Art and Heritage Materials: Ultrafast Laser Cleaning of “Cloth-of-Gold” (2015)

Laser cleaning provides art and heritage conservators with an alternative means to restore objects when traditional chemical and mechanical methods are not viable. However, long (>nanosecond) laser pulses can cause unwanted damage from photothermal processes and provide limited control over ablation depth. Ultrashort (<picosecond) pulse lasers are emerging as a more appropriate tool for cleaning historic artifacts because of their unique ability to avoid heat- and shock-wave generation, thus minimizing collateral damage of the underlayers, and to remove material with near-nanometer precision. Here we demonstrate the effectiveness of ultrashort pulses by cleaning 19th century military gold braid without any detrimental effects on the gold foil or the underlying silk thread structure. The results are compared with nanosecond-pulse laser treatment that damages the surface structure. By introducing in situ feedback control of the laser ablation via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) monitoring of the ablated plume, we are able to halt the cleaning process just as the contaminant layer is completely removed. This technique allows ultrafast laser ablation to extend the armory of conservation treatments, enabling restoration of a range of complex and fragile heritage objects previously untreatable by conventional means.
Metabolomics in the Study of Aging and Caloric Restriction (2007)

Metabolomics is the systematic and theoretically comprehensive study of the small molecules that comprise a biological sample, e.g., sera or plasma. Metabolomics, in conjunction with other "-omics" approaches, offers a new window onto the study of aging and caloric restriction. Here, we present the methodology that we are using, high-performance liquid chromatography separations coupled with coulometric electrode array detection, to probe the metabolome of aging and caloric-restricted animals. This system has unique advantages, notably sensitivity and high quantitative precision, but also has unique disadvantages, such as the ability to obtain little structural information on the metabolites of interest and limited scale-up capacity. The system also only detects redox-active compounds, which can be either a benefit or a detriment, depending on the experimental goals and design.
SWB: A modified Thornthwaite-Mather Soil-Water-Balance code for estimating groundwater recharge (2010)

A Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) computer code has been developed to calculate spatial and temporal variations in groundwater recharge. The SWB model calculates recharge by use of commonly available geographic information system (GIS) data layers in combination with tabular climatological data. The code is based on a modified Thornthwaite-Mather soil-water-balance approach, with components of the soil-water balance calculated at a daily timestep. Recharge calculations are made on a rectangular grid of computational elements that may be easily imported into a regional groundwater-flow model. Recharge estimates calculated by the code may be output as daily, monthly, or annual values.
Quantification of follicle stimulating hormone (follitropin alfa): is in vivo bioassay still relevant in the recombinant age? (2003)

Quantification of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) for clinical use has traditionally involved the use of in vivo bioassays, particularly the Steelman-Pohley bioassay. This assay has limited precision, requires large numbers of laboratory animals and involves cumbersome procedures for data generation and interpretation. Recent advances in manufacturing procedures for recombinant human FSH (r-hFSH) have resulted in a preparation (follitropin alfa; Gonal-F) that is highly consistent in both isoform profile and glycan species distribution. As a result, follitropin alfa can be reliably quantified using an optimised size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) method, and vials can be filled by mass. Preliminary clinical studies suggest that the fill-by-mass process results in a product that delivers a more consistent clinical response and is more effective than follitropin alfa vials filled by bioassay in women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation. Non-bioassay methods such as SE-HPLC are likely to become increasingly important for quality testing and regulatory purposes, provided that the manufacturing process is well controlled and produces a protein of highly consistent physico-chemical properties.