gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanohydrophobic Interaction Chromatography Coupled to Ultraviolet Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Intact Proteins in Low Charge States (2022)

The direct correlation between proteoforms and biological phenotype necessitates the exploration of mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods more suitable for proteoform detection and characterization. Here, we couple nano-hydrophobic interaction chromatography (nano-HIC) to ultraviolet photodissociation MS (UVPD-MS) for separation and characterization of intact proteins and proteoforms. High linearity, sensitivity, and sequence coverage are obtained with this method for a variety of proteins. Investigation of collisional cross sections of intact proteins during nano-HIC indicates semifolded conformations in low charge states, enabling a different dimension of separation in comparison to traditional, fully denaturing reversed-phase separations. This method is demonstrated for a mixture of intact proteins from <i>Escherichia coli</i> ribosomes; high sequence coverage is obtained for a variety of modified and unmodified proteoforms.
Time-Evolution of Carriers after Multiphoton Ionization of Bulk Dielectrics (2009)

Using the unique characteristics of multiphoton ionization with focused femtosecond pulses, we report on a pump and probe metrology to analyze carrier dynamics inside dielectrics. We characterize the sub-picosecond trapping of carriers inside fused SiO2.
Sub-micron CMOS CAD implementation of accurate timing models (1998)

International audience
Stereochemistry of microbiological hydroxylation. VII. Influence of a methyl substitutent on the microbiological oxygenation of cyclic compounds (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereochemistry of microbiological hydroxylation. VII. Influence of a methyl substitutent on the microbiological oxygenation of cyclic compoundsRoy A. Johnson, Milton E. Herr, Herbert C. Murray, and Lester M. ReinekeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971, 93, 19, 4880–4883Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00748a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00748a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stereochemical inversion in difunctionalised pillar[5]arenes (2013)

AbstractPillar[5]arenes constitute a class of macrocycles which display planar chirality on account of the methylene bridges that link five disubstituted para-phenylene rings together. Dynamic 1H NMR spectroscopy indicates that A1/A2-dihydroxypillar[5]arene undergoes conformational inversion between its enantiomers with an energy barrier of 11.9 kcal mol− 1. This process involving an oxygen-through-the-annulus rotation by all five hydroquinone rings is associated with the breaking of two intramolecular hydrogen bonds between phenolic hydroxyl and methoxyl groups on neighbouring phenylene rings. A combination of molecular mechanics and quantum mechanical calculations reveals that the conformational inversion undergone by A1/A2-dihyroxypillar[5]arene involves the breaking of one of these hydrogen bonds in the rate-limiting step of the process. Not only does the calculated energy of activation (13.8 kcal mol− 1) using density functional theory agree well with the experimentally determined value (13.0 kcal mol− 1), it also leads to the identification of the lowest energy pseudorotational pathway involving four intermediates and five transition states. While replacing the two hydroxyl groups in A1/A2-dihydroxypillar[5]arene with carbonyl groups leads to much more rapid conformational inversion, placing bromine atoms ortho to the two phenolic hydroxyl groups increases the strength of the intramolecular hydrogen bonds, raising the energy barrier to inversion by 3.9 kcal mol− 1.Keywords:: dynamic NMR spectroscopymolecular symmetrypillararenesstereochemical inversiontopic relationships AcknowledgementsThe research at Northwestern University (NU) is a result of a collaboration with the National Center for Nano Technology Research at the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) in Saudi Arabia. We thank Dr Amy Sarjeant and Charlotte Stern for performing the single-crystal X-ray crystallography data collection, Saman Shafaie for collecting high-resolution mass spectrometric data and the QUEST high-performance computing center at NU for allocation of computer time. NLS thanks the National Science Foundation (NSF) for a Graduate Research Fellowship and STS thanks the International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN) at NU for a postdoctoral fellowship.
Effect of strain and cultural conditions on the production of cytochalasin B by the potential mycoherbicidePyrenophora semeniperda(Pleosporaceae, Pleosporales) (2013)

The seed pathogen Pyrenophora semeniperda has demonstrated potential as a mycoherbicidal biocontrol for eliminating persistent seed banks of annual bromes on western North American rangelands. This pathogen exhibits variation in virulence that is related to mycelial growth rate, but direct laboratory tests of virulence on seeds often have low repeatability. We developed a rapid and sensitive high pressure liquid chromatography method for quantification of the phytotoxin cytochalasin B in complex mixtures in order to evaluate its use in virulence screening. All 10 strains tested produced large quantities of this metabolite in solid wheat seed culture, with production varying over a fourfold range (535–2256 mg kg−1). No cytochalasin B was produced in liquid potato dextrose broth culture, showing that its synthesis is strongly dependent on cultural conditions. In a Bromus tectorum coleoptile bioassay, solid culture extracts showed mild toxicity similar to the cytochalasin B standard at a concentration equivalent to 10−4 M cytochalasin B (72–95% of control), whereas at 10−3 M equivalent, the extracts exhibited significantly higher toxicity (8–18% of control) than the cytochalasin B standard (34% of control). This suggests the possible presence of other phytotoxic metabolites. Cytochalasin B production in solid wheat seed culture exhibited the predicted significant negative correlation with mycelial growth rate on potato dextrose agar, but the correlation was not very strong, possibly because cytochalasin B production and growth rate were measured under different cultural conditions.
Formation of Carbon Nanotubes from Carbon-Rich Fly Ash: Growth Parameters and Mechanism (2015)

Fly ash is a by-product, generated due to the use of heavy oil or coal as a fuel in power plants. Recently, carbon-rich fly ash is found to have ideal compositions as a catalyst and precursor for carbon nanotube (CNTs) growth by the chemical vapor deposition method. The existing methods have a limitation on producing CNTs in a large scale. In this work, the parameters effecting the growth of CNTs of fly ash were investigated. These include temperature, gas pressure, growth time, and gas flow rate. The produced samples were characterized by different techniques. Consistent results are demonstrated in terms of CNT uniformity, conversion and lengths as produced under optimized values. The optimum values provide multiwall CNTs with diameters in the 20–40 nm range. Raman spectrum shows G and D bands (the G/D intensity ratio ∼1.4). The as-grown CNTs displayed peaks of sp2 and sp3 carbons in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectrum with an intensity ratio 7.5 eV. Two small bands are also observed at 288.2 and 290.5 eV, which could be assigned to –COO group and π–π* transition carbon. A proposed mechanism for CNT growth is also presented. The goal of this method is to develop a large-scale production of CNTs using fly ash for various applications.
CCR4 expression on host T cells is a driver for alloreactive responses and lung rejection (2019)

Despite current immunosuppressive strategies, long-term lung transplant outcomes remain poor due to rapid allogenic responses. Using a stringent mouse model of allo-airway transplantation, we identify the CCR4-ligand axis as a central node driving secondary lymphoid tissue homing and activation of the allogeneic T cells that prevent long-term allograft survival. CCR4 deficiency on transplant recipient T cells diminishes allograft injury and when combined with CTLA4-Ig leads to an unprecedented long-term lung allograft accommodation. Thus, we identify CCR4-ligand interactions as a central mechanism driving allogeneic transplant rejection and suggest it as a potential target to enhance long-term lung transplant survival.
Rubber Molecular Weight Regulation, in Vitro, in Plant Species that Produce High and Low Molecular Weights in Vivo (2000)

In three rubber-producing species, in vitro, the rates of initiation and polymerization and the biopolymer molecular weight produced were affected by the concentration of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) initiator and isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) elongation substrate (monomer). Ficus elastica, a low molecular weight-producer in vivo, synthesized rubber polymers approximately twice the molecular weight of those made by Hevea brasiliensis or Parthenium argentatum (which produce high molecular weights in vivo), possibly due to its lower IPP Km. In all species, increasing FPP concentrations increased rubber biosynthetic rate and new molecules initiated but decreased molecular weight by competition with the allylic diphosphate (APP) end of elongating rubber molecules for the APP binding site. Increasing IPP concentrations increased rubber biosynthetic rate and rubber molecular weight, but only when FPP concentrations were below the FPP Km's or where negative cooperativity operated. In conclusion, rubber transferase is not the prime regulator of rubber molecular weight in vivo.
ChemInform Abstract: Absorption and Emission Spectrum of (TlOCH3)4. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structural studies on isolable (E)- and (Z)-NN-disubstituted-amidoximes. Crystal and molecular structure of (E)-morpholino-p-nitrobenzamidoxime (1980)

Dipole-moment and n.m.r. measurements are used to assign the structure of the NN-disubstituted-amidoximes formed from nitrile oxides and secondary amines under kinetic control; these have the Z-configuration. The thermodynamically more-stable isomers were also isolated and shown to have the E-configuration; this structure was confirmed in one case by X-ray crystallography. The factors which determine amidoxime stability are discussed.
Anti-biofilm and resistance suppression activities of CXA-101 against chronic respiratory infection phenotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 (2010)

These data strongly suggest that resistance to CXA-101 (at least 4x the MIC) cannot be driven by single-step mutations, either in planktonic or in biofilm growth. CXA-101 shows encouraging properties for the treatment of CRI by P. aeruginosa, which need to be further evaluated in animal models and pertinent clinical trials.
Properties and purification of an active biotinylated lactose permease from Escherichia coli. (1993)

A simplified approach for purification of functional lactose permease from Escherichia coli is described that is based on the construction of chimeras between the permease and a 100-amino acid residue polypeptide containing the biotin acceptor domain from the oxaloacetate decarboxylase of Klebsiella pneumoniae [Cronan, J. E., Jr. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 10327-10333]. Chimeras were constructed with a factor Xa protease site and the biotin acceptor domain in the middle cytoplasmic loop (loop 6) or at the C terminus of the permease. Each construct catalyzes active lactose transport in cells and right-side-out membrane vesicles. Moreover, the constructs are biotinylated in vivo, and in both chimeras, the factor Xa protease site is accessible from the cytoplasmic surface of the membrane. Both biotinylated permeases bind selectively to immobilized monomeric avidin and are eluted with free biotin in a high state of purity, and the loop 6 chimera catalyzes active transport after reconstitution into proteoliposomes. The methodology described should be applicable to other membrane proteins.
Synthesis of Nano-size Particles through Reactive Thermal Plasma Processing (2008)

A method of synthesizing functional nanostructured powders through thermal plasma processing has been developed. Nano-submicron-size metal and carbide particles were synthesized through evaporation and subsequent condensation of powders in thermal plasma. The synthesis of nano-size titanium oxide powders was performed by the oxidation of solid and liquid precursors. The plasma-synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles showed phase preferences different from those synthesized by the conventional wetchemical processes. Nanosized particles of high crystallinity and nonequilibrium chemical composition were formed in one step via the reactive thermal plasma processing.
Rapid planning and analysis of high-throughput experiment arrays for reaction discovery (2023)

High-throughput experimentation (HTE) is an increasingly important tool in reaction discovery. While the hardware for running HTE in the chemical laboratory has evolved significantly in recent years, there remains a need for software solutions to navigate data-rich experiments. Here we have developed phactor™, a software that facilitates the performance and analysis of HTE in a chemical laboratory. phactor™ allows experimentalists to rapidly design arrays of chemical reactions or direct-to-biology experiments in 24, 96, 384, or 1,536 wellplates. Users can access online reagent data, such as a chemical inventory, to virtually populate wells with experiments and produce instructions to perform the reaction array manually, or with the assistance of a liquid handling robot. After completion of the reaction array, analytical results can be uploaded for facile evaluation, and to guide the next series of experiments. All chemical data, metadata, and results are stored in machine-readable formats that are readily translatable to various software. We also demonstrate the use of phactor™ in the discovery of several chemistries, including the identification of a low micromolar inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Furthermore, phactor™ has been made available for free academic use in 24- and 96-well formats via an online interface.
Session details: Session 2: Intrusion and Anomaly detection (2018)

No abstract available.
Factors that May Influence the Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are penetrating more and more our daily life. They are used in a large type of applications as supervision, tracking and control in military, environmental, medical and several other domains. Therefore, new approaches and protocols are proposed every day in order to optimise the performance of the WSNs and to increase their reliability and quality of service. These new protocols take into consideration the challenges of the WSN and they are built up some key factors (parameters and concepts) to achieve their goals.
Occurrence of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Dairy Calves at Birth and Its Alleviation by Iron Dextran Injection (1963)

Oxyhemoglobin determinations made over the past 12 yr showed that nearly 30% of the observed male and female calves born in the herds of the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station were low in oxyhemoglobin, less than 9 g/100 ml, at birth. In a series of experiments, conducted during 1959-61, involving over 170 calves, the problem of neonatal anemia was studied. It was found that when the calves were divided into three groups based on their initial oxyhemoglobin values, (low--less than 9 g/100 ml, medium--9-10.5 g/100 ml, and high--over 10.5 g/100 ml), no relation existed between the average oxyhemoglobin level of the calves at birth and their dams post-partum. The average oxyhemoglobin of the dams of calves in the three groups was all in the high range. In addition to the oxyhemoglobin values, packed cell volmne, erythrocyte counts, serum iron content, and liver iron content all indicated that the calves born anemic were deficient in iron at birth. Further indication of iron deficiency in the calves born anemic was found in the post-natal increase in oxyhemoglobin, packed cell volume, erythrocyte count, and serum iron content after dry feed consumption began at 2-3 wk of age, compared with those in the medium and high groups.
Electrophysiological Effects of the Antiarrhythmic Drug Bepridil on the Guinea-Pig Pulmonary Vein Myocardium (2013)

We compared effects of the antiarrhythmic drug bepridil on the electrophysiological parameters in the isolated pulmonary vein preparation from guinea pigs with those in the left atrium. Three pairs of bipolar electrodes were attached to the left atrium, pulmonary vein and junctional region of left atrium and pulmonary vein to measure intra-atrial and intra-pulmonary vein conduction velocity and effective refractory period. Bepridil at 10 µM prolonged the effective refractory period with little effect on the conduction velocity in the pulmonary vein, whereas the drug failed to affect the electrophysiological parameters in the left atrium. Using the conventional microelectrode technique, action potential of the isolated pulmonary vein preparation and left atrium were measured. Bepridil prolonged the action potential duration of the pulmonary vein more potently than that of the left atrium. These results suggest that antiarrhythmic effects of bepridil on reentry within the pulmonary vein are estimated to be greater than within the left atrium, which may be one of the key considerations to understand its antiarrhythmic mechanisms.
A Novel and Inexpensive Technique for High-Tension Tendon Clamping With Expandable Mesh Sleeving for In Vitro Foot Biomechanics Testing (2021)

In vitro biomechanical testing is common in the field of orthopedics when novel devices are investigated prior to human trials. It is typically necessary to apply loads through tendons to simulate normal activities, such as walking during a foot and ankle study. However, attachment of tendons to linear actuators has proven challenging because of the tendency of clamps to either slip off or rupture the tendon. Various techniques have been utilized. Freeze clamping is generally accepted as the gold standard for very high load testing in excess of 3000 N, but is expensive, time-consuming, and requires significant ancillary equipment. Purely mechanical solutions such as metal jaw clamps, wire meshes, and others have been explored, but these techniques are either costly, have low load capacities, or have not proven to be reproducible. We have developed a novel tendon clamping technique that utilizes a slip-resistant polyester mesh sleeving that encases the tendon and is fixated at the bottom of the tendon/sleeve interaction with a giftbox suture. The loose end of the sleeving can then be tied in to the linear actuator or load cell apparatus using a timber hitch knot. The sleeving technique allows for loads of 2000-2500 N on the Achilles tendon, and is inexpensive, reproducible, and can be modified to apply loads to smaller tendons as well, though a length of tendon/sleeve overlap of at least 16 cm is required to reach maximum loads. This technique should assist researchers in integrating muscle forces into future biomechanical study designs.
Gap solitons in buried Bragg grating AlGaAs waveguides (1991)

A balance of group velocity dispersion and nonlinear phase shift in AlGaAs waveguides with buried Bragg gratings is predicted to result in the propagation of gap solitons. Photonic gaps wide enough in wavelength to linearly reflect all Fourier components of the 0.5-ps input pulse being used in the initial experiments require a large modulation depth for the buried grating. Fabrication techniques include electron cyclotron etching and regrowth using MOCVD. The composition of the waveguide is at Al concentrations 0.2 so that the input pulse wavelength of 1.685 μm corresponds to excitation below half the energy gap. This reduces multiphoton absorption to levels where solitons can propagate without significant attenuation. Theoretical simulations and initial experimental results are described.
Clinical Outcomes of Zirconium-Oxide Posts: Up-to-Date Systematic Review. (2016)

Due to the limited number of clinical studies, it can be concluded that the long-term success rate of prefabricated zirconium-oxide posts is unclear.
IL-36 receptor agonist and antagonist imbalance drives neutrophilic inflammation in COPD (2022)

Current treatments fail to modify the underlying pathophysiology and disease progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), necessitating alternative therapies. Here, we show that COPD subjects have increased IL-36γ and decreased IL-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36Ra) in bronchoalveolar and nasal fluid compared with control subjects. IL-36γ is derived from small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) and is further induced by a viral mimetic, whereas IL-36Ra is derived from macrophages. IL-36γ stimulates release of the neutrophil chemoattractants CXCL1 and CXCL8, as well as elastolytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) from small airway fibroblasts (SAF). Proteases released from COPD neutrophils cleave and activate IL-36γ, thereby perpetuating IL-36 inflammation. Transfer of culture media from SAEC to SAF stimulated release of CXCL1, which was inhibited by exogenous IL-36Ra. The use of a therapeutic antibody that inhibits binding to the IL-36R attenuated IL-36γ-driven inflammation and cellular crosstalk. We have demonstrated a mechanism for the amplification and propagation of neutrophilic inflammation in COPD and have shown that blocking this cytokine family via a IL-36R neutralizing antibody could be a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of COPD.
Riabilitazione della mandibola posteriore atrofica con impianti corti (4 mm): un case report. (2014)

Questo case report descrive una riabilitazione protesica di successo di una mandibola posteriore atrofica con impianti lunghi 4 mm. Il paziente rifiutava di sottoporsi ad una qualunque chirurgia ricostruttiva, e poiché l’osso disponibile sopra al nervo alveolare inferiore era di soli 5 mm o meno, il paziente è stato trattato con quattro impianti di 4 mm di lunghezza. Quattro mesi dopo l’inserimento degli impianti si è consegnato un provvisorio; dopo altri 4 mesi questo è stato sostituito con una protesi definitiva. L’uso di questi impianti corti consente una soluzione protesica fissa senza necessità di aumentare verticalmente l’osso mandibolare. Questa procedura riduce notevolmente il fastidio intra e postoperatorio per il paziente rispetto alla chirurgia ricostruttiva per inserire impianti più lunghi. Il follow-up è dì 1 anno di carico protesico.