gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intravenous Infusion of Cereport Increases Uptake and Efficacy of Acyclovir in Herpes Simplex Virus-Infected Rat Brains (2001)

The outcome of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections manifesting as encephalitis in healthy or immunocompromised individuals is generally very poor with mortality rates of about 8 to 28% with treatment. The long-term prognosis of survivors is often problematic, posing the need for alternative treatments that may decrease the mortality and morbidity associated with herpes encephalitis. This study addresses one such approach that includes a temporary permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier during treatment with acyclovir (ACV). In these studies we utilized a synthetic bradykinin analog, Cereport (RMP-7), in conjunction with ACV to treat HSV infection of the brain in a rat model. Cereport, infused intravenously via the jugular vein, was shown to increase [(14)C]ACV uptake in both the HSV-1-infected and -uninfected rat brain by approximately two- to threefold, correlating with enhanced efficacy of ACV in various brain compartments. In another series of experiments to determine efficacy, various doses of unlabeled ACV were administered during infusion with RMP-7. The decrease in viral titers in the temporal regions of the brain after 5 days of treatment suggested that this approach enhanced the efficacy of ACV treatment. These data indicated that Cereport infused with ACV enhances both the penetration and efficacy of this drug in the treatment of an experimental HSV-1 infection of the rat brain.
A review of the bystander effect and its implications for low-dose exposure (2003)

Current models for the interaction between ionising radiation and living cells or tissues are based on direct genetic damage produced by energy deposition in cellular DNA. An important observation which has questioned this basic assumption is the radiation-induced bystander response, in which cells which have not been directly targeted respond if their neighbours have been exposed. This response predominates at low doses of relevance to radiation risk analysis (<0.2 Gy) and therefore needs to be fully characterised. The development of microbeams, which allow individual cells within populations to be targeted with precise doses of radiation, has provided a useful tool for quantifying this response. The authors' studies have targeted individual human and mouse cells with counted protons and helium ions and monitored neighbouring cells for the production of bystander responses. Bystander responses have been measured after exposures as low as a single proton or helium ion delivered to an individual cell. An important aspect is that these responses saturate with increasing dose to the single target cell, thus the relative roles of direct and indirect (non-targeted) responses change with dose. Studies with multicellular, tissue-based models are providing evidence that bystander responses may have a complex phenotype involving multiple pathways and the overall response may be a balance between multiple signalling processes and responses to radiation exposure. Current models for radiation risk assume a linear non-threshold response and have generally been extrapolated from high-dose exposures. The involvement of competing processes at low doses may have important consequences for understanding the effects of low-dose exposure.
Interaction Modalities With Food: Proposal of a New Design Method - Analysis on Chocolate Products (2019)

Food is becoming a design material: is no longer of interest only to cooks and pastry chef but also to designers. The design of the new "material-food" creates new sensory worlds: as a result, the taste is analysed as a new and unexpected experience. Moreover food handling is a key aspect that is acquiring more and more importance because it is very important in the design process of a food product to know which are the ways and the places of interaction and consume between food and consumer. Interactions modes with food are changing according to its “usage context” and its presentation form (extruded, expanded, sandwich, mesh, granules, etc.). These presentation forms are directly linked to food ingredients and are often mediated by the presence of a packaging, which determines the user's first interaction with the food. An example is given by a study of a chocolate bar that is illustrated in this paper.
Peptide‐Catalyzed Fragment Couplings that Form Axially Chiral Non‐C2‐Symmetric Biaryls (2019)

Abstract We have demonstrated that small, modular, tetrameric peptides featuring the Lewis‐basic residue β‐dimethylaminoalanine (Dmaa) are capable of atroposelectively coupling naphthols and ester‐bearing quinones to yield non‐ C 2 ‐symmetric BINOL‐type scaffolds with good yields and enantioselectivity. The study culminates in the asymmetric synthesis of backbone‐substituted scaffolds similar to 3,3′‐disubstituted BINOLs, such as ( R )‐TRIP, with good (94:6 e.r.) to excellent (&gt;99.9:0.1 e.r.) enantioselectivity after recrystallization, and a diastereoselective net arylation of the minimally modified nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) naproxen.
Balanced Codon Usage Optimizes Eukaryotic Translational Efficiency (2012)

Cellular efficiency in protein translation is an important fitness determinant in rapidly growing organisms. It is widely believed that synonymous codons are translated with unequal speeds and that translational efficiency is maximized by the exclusive use of rapidly translated codons. Here we estimate the in vivo translational speeds of all sense codons from the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Surprisingly, preferentially used codons are not translated faster than unpreferred ones. We hypothesize that this phenomenon is a result of codon usage in proportion to cognate tRNA concentrations, the optimal strategy in enhancing translational efficiency under tRNA shortage. Our predicted codon-tRNA balance is indeed observed from all model eukaryotes examined, and its impact on translational efficiency is further validated experimentally. Our study reveals a previously unsuspected mechanism by which unequal codon usage increases translational efficiency, demonstrates widespread natural selection for translational efficiency, and offers new strategies to improve synthetic biology.
RADLAC-II injector designs (1988)

The cathode field shaper, shank assembly, and magnetic field profile have been redesigned for the upgraded RADLAC-II configuration. The new design incorporates our most recent experimental observations, JASON code analysis, and simulation results with the newest version of PIC code MAGIC. A conical field shaper was selected that starts at the cathode end plate with a 10-cm diameter cylinder and tapers smoothly to the cathode tip. The field shaper is 1 m long. Three interchangeable cone tips provide for different diameter cathode tips (1.2 cm, 1.9 cm, and 2.5 cm). The simulations show that a 40 to 50-kA annular cold beam can be produced with an rms transverse velocity component ..beta../sub /perpendicular/ = 0.06 and a radius r = 0.85 cm. The total cathode shank losses are drastically reduced and the previously observed beam halo completely eliminated. Experimental results are in good agreement with the design goals. 4 refs., 9 figs.
Resonant photoemission inTi2O3andV2O3: Hybridization and localization of cation 3dorbitals (1988)

Resonant photoemission from cation 3d and oxygen 2p states in both ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ single crystals has been observed as the photon energy is swept through the cation 3p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3d optical-absorption transition. These nonmaximal valency oxides are excellent materials in which to study the effect of a ligand environment on resonant photoemission from cation d states, due to the existence of partially occupied d states well separated from the O 2p states. This investigation has revealed complex new aspects of the electronic structure of these oxides and the phenomenon of resonant photoemission in them. The cation 3d resonant emission was found to display a strong angular anisotropy which could be related to the molecular-orbital structure of these oxides. The maximum in the cation 3d resonance emission occurs at the same photon energy in both the metals and oxides, indicating a significant degree of localization of the cation resonance. A strong resonance in the O 2p emission from ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ is observed as the photon energy is swept through the Ti 3p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3d transition. A much smaller resonance is seen in the O 2p emission from ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ at the V 3p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3d transition, despite an increase in d character in the O 2p band in ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$. Thus caution must be used in extracting information on hybridization from resonant photoemission data.
Cytoskeletal protein mutations and cell motility in Dictyostelium. (1999)

Dictyostelium is a suitable experimental system in which to study the effects of mutations in actin-binding proteins on cell motility. Three cytoskeletal mutants that show distinct alterations in cell shape, chemotactic movement and cytokinesis serve to illustrate the diversity of phenotypes. Cells lacking talin, a protein which in many mammalian cell types is a constituent of focal complexes that link the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane, are strongly impaired in adhesion to external surfaces. Coronin is an actin-associated protein that belongs to the WD-repeat family of proteins, which are engaged in protein-protein interactions involved in signalling pathways. Cells lacking coronin build large hyaline protrusions at their leading edge, diagnostic of an imbalance in the actin polymerization/depolymerization cycle. Cells devoid of a pair of cortexillins, which are novel members of the spectrin/alpha-actinin superfamily of actin-binding proteins, form an atypical cleavage furrow on a solid surface and fail to divide in suspension. Other mutants in which one or more actin-binding proteins have been knocked out have weaker phenotypes. With these mutants, cells need to be subjected to special conditions in order to reveal an effect on cell motility. For instance, only on weakly adhesive surfaces is a disturbance in the spatio-temporal co-ordination of protrusion and retraction of the cell body, and of the attachment to and detachment from a substratum, observed in a mutant that lacks three actin-binding proteins: alpha-actinin, 120 kDa F-actin gelation factor and severin.
ChemInform Abstract: EINWIRKUNG VON ISOCYANATEN AUF 3‐HYDROXY‐2‐OXOINDOLINE (1974)

Abstract 3‐Hydroxy‐2‐oxoindoline (I) reagieren mit zwei Äquivalenten Isocyanat (II) in Dimethylformamid bei Raumtemperatur in Gegenwart von Dabco (III) zu den Addukten (IV), die sich jedoch meistens unter Ringöffnung und erneuter Cyclisierung in 1,3‐Oxazolindione (V) umwandeln.
Implantable photoelectronic charging (I-PEC) for medical implants (2022)

Medical implants with functionalities such as sensing, health monitoring, stimulation, diagnosis, and physiological treatment are rapidly growing. With the increasing functional sophistication and addition of modules such as data transmission, on-chip processing, and data storage, energy demand of the implantable system is also growing. Using implantable energy harvester either to recharge or ultimately replace hazardous battery is essential to provide a long-term sustainable solution. Energy harvesting techniques using piezoelectric, thermoelectric, radio frequency power transmission, biofuel, and photoelectronic (or sometimes termed as “photovoltaic” in terms of solar light harvesting, i.e., PV) conversion, have been attempted for the implantable, but these methods are currently limited by insufficient power output, large footprint, and low efficiency. Nevertheless, the planar PV with potential of lighter weight, higher energy density, and higher efficiency, provides promising power solution for in-body medical implants. In this short review, we will discuss the potential opportunities and challenges associated with PV's for medical implants, covering materials, to devices, and to system level requirements.
Counterpoise in mobile radiotelephony (2002)

The paper deals with the decrease of the radiation efficiency of hand-held devices due to energy losses in the operator's hand and mismatching of the device's antenna input impedance close to the operator's head. A set for model studies is presented. Comments to necessary modifications of protection standards are formulated. Some mysterious protection means are introduced.
Partial contour matching for document pieces with content-based prior (2014)

In this paper we present a method for aligning shredded document pieces based on outer contours and content-based prior information. Our approach relies on domain-specific knowledge that document pieces must complement each other when aligned correctly. Building on this intuition we propose a variant of MSAC (M-estimator SAmple Consensus) to estimate an hypothesis that recovers the spatial relationship between pairs of pieces. To do so we first approximate their boundaries by polygons from which we define consensus sets between fragments. Each consensus set provides multiple hypotheses for aligning one piece onto the other. An optimal hypothesis is identified by applying a two-stage procedure in which we discard locally inconsistent hypotheses before verifying the remainder for global consistency.
Design of a Modular Solid-Based Thermal Energy Storage for a Hybrid Compressed Air Energy Storage System (2016)

The share of renewable energy sources in the power grid is showing an increasing trend world-wide. Most of the renewable energy sources are intermittent and have generation peaks that do not correlate with peak demand. The stability of the power grid is highly dependent on the balance between power generation and demand. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) systems have been utilized to receive and store the electrical energy from the grid during off-peak hours and play the role of an auxiliary power plant during peak hours. Using Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems with CAES technology is shown to increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of generated power. In this study, a modular solid-based TES system is designed to store thermal energy converted from grid power. The TES system stores the energy in the form of internal energy of the storage medium up to 900 K. A three-dimensional computational study using commercial software (ANSYS Fluent) was completed to test the performance of the modular design of the TES. It was shown that solid-state TES, using conventional concrete and an array of circular fins with embedded heaters, can be used for storing heat for a high temperature hybrid CAES (HTH-CAES) system.
Efficiency improvement in motor drive system with single phase diode rectifier and small DC-link capacitor (2014)

In this paper, motor drive system fed by single phase diode rectifier without input filter is proposed. The motor drive considered in this paper consists of single phase diode rectifier, three-phase inverter, and small DC-link capacitor. Since DC-link capacitor is small, grid input current of the drive is directly affected by the electrical output power of the inverter. Using this aspect, the control method was proposed which can drive the motor and shape the grid current as a sinusoid simultaneously. However, the drive with this method uses high motor current and has low efficiency because the DC-link voltage periodically falls to zero. To improve the efficiency of the drive, the method that keeps the DC-link voltage higher than a certain limit in order to reduce the flux weakening current is proposed in this paper. With the proposed controller, the harmonic components of the grid current can be suppressed below the limits stated in the regulation IEC61000-3-2. Also, the electrolytic capacitor and PFC circuit of the drive can be removed. The improved performance of the proposed method was verified by the experimental results using the inverter system with a 5μF DC-link capacitor.
Subactivismo feminista y repertorios de acción colectiva digitales: prácticas ciberfeministas en Twitter (2017)

The Network is an emerging space for political and feminist activism. Sub-activist practices, less institutionalized and more connected with subjective experiences, find in digital technology new ways of connecting latent politics and civic political participation with conventional activism. We try to define profiles and practices of use from 12 in-depth interviews with activists who have a long history in the feminist movement and who use social networks intensively, in particular Twitter, for their policy initiatives. As a conclusion this article shows how digital collective repertoires of action establish a continuum between real life and online militancy as well as amplify, empower, and democratize feminist popularization. In turn, social networks are configured as inbred spaces and not fully conquered by feminist groups, so it is necessary to create novel scenarios of their own and to promote proposals and discourses with transformative political capacity.
On the temperature dependence of subthreshold currents in MOS electron inversion layers, revisited (2016)

The drain current of a transistor in subthreshold operation exhibits a temperature dependence due to the thermal voltage, kT/q. The magnitude of this temperature dependence, as measured in 1979, was reported to be greater than the expected kT/q due to increased interface state densities; however, thirty years later, we saw little dependence. This behavior is of interest because subthreshold-enabled asynchronous circuits allow for operation below threshold with optimal power performance at threshold, but the original work suggests that static current will increase with temperature at a rate greater than predicted by the thermal voltage alone. Furthermore, the previously recorded behavior was very similar to what would be expected from ESD diodes. We revisit the work by Card et al., and present data from a commercially available 350nm process over temperature.
Transição na Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul (2009)

de submissão, aumentou de forma signifi cativa o aporte de artigos originais.Adotou-se o sistema de publicação on-line, sendo mantido o formato impresso somente para
Intrinsic Junction Thermocouples for Surface Temperature Measurement (2025)

Abstract The material selection, attachment, and calibration of intrinsic junction thermocouples (TC) are discussed. Intrinsic junction thermocouples are utilized for their fast response times in surface measurements during high thermal transients. The as-is measurement and calibrated corrections are presented for both the out-of-pile pulse power system and the critical heat flux experiments in the Idaho National Laboratory Transient Reactor Test facility. The fin effect from temperature measurements on the surface of fuel cladding is corrected using a linear coefficient, m, and temperature corrections are sometimes 100 °C or more—representing 18% of the original temperature measurement.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,2:5,6:9,10:13,14:17,18:21,22:25,26:29,30:33,34:37,38‐ Decabenzo‐3,7,11,15, 19,23,27,31,35,39‐decadehydro(40)annulene. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Brain natriuretic peptide: interaction with renal ANP system (1990)

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has recently been found in porcine brain and has been shown to cause diuresis and natriuresis when injected in rats, effects similar to those caused by atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). BNP is also synthesized in the cardiac atria and circulates in plasma. The amino acid sequence of the peptide resembles that of ANP particularly closely within the ring structure of the peptide. We examined the potential role of BNP in modulating renal function by assessing its ability to mimic the effects of ANP on rat glomeruli and in rabbit inner medullary collecting duct cells (IMCD). BNP bound with high affinity to glomeruli (Kd approximately 900 pM) and IMCD cells (Kd approximately 500 pM). In IMCD cells, BNP stimulated particulate guanylate cyclase (approximately 3-fold at maximum ligand concentration) and inhibited conductive 22Na+ uptake by 50% at concentrations at which ANP is also effective. In rat glomeruli, BNP bound with high affinity to the low-molecular-weight receptors but with lesser affinity to the higher-molecular-weight guanylate cyclase-linked receptors (Kd approximately 50 nM). In addition, the guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate accumulation response was less impressive in glomeruli than the guanylate cyclase response in IMCD tissue. Thus we conclude that BNP is of only slightly reduced affinity and potency for the ANP receptors in the kidney and probably acts through these receptors to exert its physiological effects.
Solving the adjustment interactions in fast decoupled load flow (1991)

The efficiency of the adjusted load flow solutions is strongly affected by interactions which exist between the adjustments. The existence of these interactions is generally recognized, but until recently relatively little effort has been devoted to clarify their nature. An in-depth analysis of these interactions is presented along with methods to overcome their adverse effects on the adjusted solutions. Representative test results on several large power systems are also shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
DEVELOPING AND TESTING AN ALKALINE-SIDE SOLVENT EXTRACTION PROCESS FOR TECHNETIUM SEPARATION FROM TANK WASTE (1999)

ABSTRACT Engineering development and testing of the SRTALK solvent extraction process are discussed in this paper. This process provides a way to carry out alkaline-side removal and recovery of technetium in the form of pertechnetate anion from nuclear waste tanks within the DOE complex. The SRTALK extractant consists of a crown ether, bis-4,4′(5′)[(tert-butyl)cyclohexano]-18-crown-6, in a modifier, tributyl phosphate, and a diluent, Isopar®L. The SRTALK flowsheet given here separates technetium from the waste and concentrates it by a factor of ten to minimize the load on the downstream evaporator for the technetium effluent. In this work; we initially generated and correlated the technetium extraction data, measured the dispersion number for various processing conditions, and determined hydraulic performance in a single-stage 2-cm centrifugal contactor. Then we used extraction-factor analysis, single-stage contactor tests, and stage-to-stage process calculations to develop a SRTALK flowsheet. Key features of the flowsheet are (1) a low organic-to-aqueous (O/A) flow ratio in the extraction section and a high O/A flow ratio in the strip section to concentrate the technetium and (2) the use of a scrub section to reduce the salt load in the concentrated technetium effluent. Finally, the SRTALK process was evaluated in a multistage test using a synthetic tank waste. This test was very successful. Initial batch tests with actual waste from the Hanford nuclear waste tanks show the same technetium extractability as determined with the synthetic waste feed. Therefore, technetium removal from actual tank wastes should also work well using the SRTALK process.