gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of High Density Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Ceramics by Magnetic Pulsed Compaction (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Development of gel permeation chromatography for polymer characterization. II. Universal calibration (1968)

Abstract GPC appearance volumes have been determined for a series of linear polyethylene, polystyrene, and polybutadiene fractions ( M w / M n &lt; 1.1) in trichlorobenzene at 130°C. and for the latter two series in tetrahydrofuran at 23°C. A polymer‐type independent relationship between appearance volumes and the equivalent hydrodynamic radii of the polymer molecules has been demonstrated. The equivalent hydrodynamic radius is calculated from intrinsic viscosity data. It is proposed that this relationship can be used to construct a universal GPC calibration curve for polymers that assume a spherical conformation in solution. Methods for applying the universal curve to the determination of molecular weight averages and molecular weight distribution are described. In addition, a method is outlined by which the universal calibration curve can be empolyed for determining number‐average Mark‐Houwink constants from polydisperse samples.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF PERFLUORO‐2‐METHYL‐2‐PENTENE WITH CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, ALCOHOLS, AND SOME CYCLIC AMIDES. A NEW FLUORINATING REAGENT (1981)

Abstract Die Produktbildung bei Fluorierungen mit dem Titel‐Reagenz (II) wird in sehr starkem Maße von den Reaktionsbedingungen beeinflußt. Bei Fluorierungen von Carbonsäuren in Gegenwart anorganischer Basen (in dipolaren, aprotischen Lösungsmitteln) entstehen Säurefluoride, daneben Ester, wie (IV) und (V) (Hauptprodukt bei der Reaktion mit Benzoesäure), das Keton (VIa) und das Tridecafluorhexan (VIb).
A Pacific Culture among Wild Baboons: Its Emergence and Transmission (2004)

Reports exist of transmission of culture in nonhuman primates. We examine this in a troop of savanna baboons studied since 1978. During the mid-1980s, half of the males died from tuberculosis; because of circumstances of the outbreak, it was more aggressive males who died, leaving a cohort of atypically unaggressive survivors. A decade later, these behavioral patterns persisted. Males leave their natal troops at adolescence; by the mid-1990s, no males remained who had resided in the troop a decade before. Thus, critically, the troop's unique culture was being adopted by new males joining the troop. We describe (a) features of this culture in the behavior of males, including high rates of grooming and affiliation with females and a "relaxed" dominance hierarchy; (b) physiological measures suggesting less stress among low-ranking males; (c) models explaining transmission of this culture; and (d) data testing these models, centered around treatment of transfer males by resident females.
Evaluating the Impact of Uveitis on Visual Field Progression Using Large-Scale Real-World Data (2019)

Our analysis suggests that VF loss occurs faster in glaucoma patients with uveitis than those without uveitis. The risk of progressing rapidly in glaucoma with uveitis is almost double than in those without uveitis. Early identification of "rapid progressors" may enable targeted intervention to preserve visual function in this high-risk group.
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECTS OF OXIDATION ON THE ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION OF PERMALLOY FILMS (1980)

Abstract Mit Hilfe der Elektronenstrahl‐Zerstäubung wurden unter Verwendung von Ni‐Fe als Quelle ca. 1000 Å dicke Permalloy‐Aufdampfschichten auf Si erzeugt.
ChemInform Abstract: C‐ACYLATION OF TERTIARY ENOLATES VIA DITHIOESTERS (1983)

Abstract Auf dem Wege über die Dithioester (II) und deren Entschwefelung mit Quecksilberoxid können die Ketone (I) selektiv am tertiären C‐Atom zu den β‐Ketoestern (IV) carboxyliert werden.
A Comparison of DNA Collection and Retrieval from Two Swab Types (Cotton and Nylon Flocked Swab) when Processed Using Three QIAGEN Extraction Methods (2011)

The Metropolitan Police Service currently uses cotton swabs to retrieve DNA for forensic profiling. Recently, a new nylon flocked swab type has become available from Copan (MicroRheologics, Brescia, Italy) that it is claimed, offers increased sample recovery and release yields. If true, the flocked swab may have important applications in DNA evidence retrieval. This study examines the DNA retrieval capability of cotton and nylon flocked swabs when extracted using three common extraction platforms (QIAcube, BioRobot EZ1 and manually processed QIAamp DNA investigator kit). Results indicate that both swab types are capable of recovering high percentages of DNA (>50%); however, the extraction platform selected was shown to have a significant effect upon DNA retrieval. Across all experiments, the cotton swab combined with the spin-column extractions was shown to be most effective, with the nylon swab and BioRobot EZ1 combination being the least effective. These findings illustrate the importance of extraction method selection.
Auto-Scaling Web Applications in Clouds (2018)

Web application providers have been migrating their applications to cloud data centers, attracted by the emerging cloud computing paradigm. One of the appealing features of the cloud is elasticity. It allows cloud users to acquire or release computing resources on demand, which enables web application providers to automatically scale the resources provisioned to their applications without human intervention under a dynamic workload to minimize resource cost while satisfying Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. In this article, we comprehensively analyze the challenges that remain in auto-scaling web applications in clouds and review the developments in this field. We present a taxonomy of auto-scalers according to the identified challenges and key properties. We analyze the surveyed works and map them to the taxonomy to identify the weaknesses in this field. Moreover, based on the analysis, we propose new future directions that can be explored in this area.
Experimental Analysis of Glass Drilling with Ultrashort Pulse Lasers (2016)

Ultrashort pulse laser processing that facilitates high-speed and fine processing of glass materials has received considerable attention in recent years, despite mechanical processing or etching having been the mainstream methods. However, the physical mechanisms of this technique and the influence of various parameters, such as the processing conditions and physical properties of the processed material, on generated shapes are not yet fully understood. In this work, we comprehensively investigated the influence of various parameters of ultrashort pulse lasers on the processing mechanisms through experiments conducted by changing the wavelength, pulse width, repetition rate, and pulse energy over a wide range. The physical effects of the laser parameters on the reflection of light and heat generation were discussed by analyzing the experimental results, and the influence of the parameters on the generated shapes, processing speed, and saturated depth was clarified. In addition, cracks around the ablated area, which are one of the problems concerning glass processing with ultrashort pulse lasers, were observed, and the influence of the pulse energy on the cracks was evaluated. It is expected that this research will allow for a thorough understanding of the laser parameters that are suitable for glass processing and widen the range of laser processing applications.
Measuring ground displacements from SAR amplitude images: Application to the Landers Earthquake (1999)

ERS SAR amplitude images are utilized to map ground displacements from a sub‐pixel correlation method. It yields a ground two‐dimensional displacement field with independent measurements about every 128m in azimuth and 250m in range. The accuracy depends on the characteristics of the images. For the Landers test case, the 1‐σ uncertainty is 0.8m in range and 0.4m in azimuth. We show that this measurement provides a map of major surface fault ruptures accurate to better than 1km and information on coseismic deformation comparable to the 92 GPS measurements available. Although less accurate, this technique is more robust than SAR interferometry and provides complementary information since interferograms are only sensitive to the displacement in range.
Full integration and cell characteristics for 64Mb nonvolatile PRAM (2004)

We have integrated a 64Mb nonvolatile random access memory using phase transition phenomena. Based on 0.18/spl mu/m-CMOS technologies, the vertical contact typed memory cell is fabricated. The device density can be sharply increased with decreasing the writing current and the GST size. But for reduction of writing current, issues including set and interface resistances should be stabilized. Additionally, our results also show the feasibility of 256Mb nonvolatile PRAM with writing time below 100ns.
Dysregulated BMP Signaling and Enhanced Osteogenic Differentiation of Connective Tissue Progenitor Cells From Patients With Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP) (2007)

This is the first study of BMP signaling and osteogenic differentiation in connective tissue progenitor cells from patients with FOP. Our data strongly support both basal and ligand-stimulated dysregulation of BMP signaling consistent with in silico studies of the mutant ACVR1 receptor in this condition. This study substantially extends our understanding of dysregulated BMP signaling in a progenitor cell population relevant to the pathogenesis of this catastrophic disorder of progressive ectopic ossification.
Predictive Maintenance Architecture (2018)

In industrial plants or any critical utility plants, the ultimate goal is to maximize the production quantity and quality but at the same time keeping the production cost as low as possible. To achieve this, it is mandatory to keep plants in fully efficient condition so that the throughput of the system is maximum. In order to keep the system fully efficient it needs to be maintained properly. There are different maintenance strategies being used to maintain the efficiency of the plant. For any specific type of industry, maintenance affects the cost of goods produced. To avoid breakdown, the maintenance strategies should be planned in such a way that the maintenance tasks are executed at right time. Unnecessary maintenance tasks increase the maintenance costs and also the time required to execute them. Through this paper, the prospect of optimizing the plant operation i.e. to reduce the down time of the system using predictive maintenance (PdM) approach which will lead to reduced production cost has been explored.
On reducing computational complexity of codebook search in CELP coding (1990)

A computationally efficient codebook search method in code-excited linear prediction is proposed. The method can reduce the computational complexity by almost one half compared to the frequency-domain codebook search method that is currently regarded as the fastest search method, while giving almost the same quality of speech. This reduction is possible as a result of the simultaneous use of frequency-domain search and code vector sparsity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Loss of Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) in Knockout Mice Does Not Affect the Development of Skin Lesions in the Imiquimod-Induced Mouse Model of Psoriasis (2022)

Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) degrades the essential amino acid tryptophan resulting in tryptophan depletion and the accumulation of catabolites such as kynurenine. The expression/activity of IDO in various cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells, results in an inhibition of T-cell responses in a number of situations, such as toward allogeneic fetuses and tissue grafts. Psoriasis is an immune-mediated skin disease involving T cells; kynureninase and its generation of catabolites downstream of IDO are reported to play an important role in this disease. We hypothesized that mice lacking the IDO1 gene would exhibit a hyperactive immune response and an exacerbation of skin lesions in the imiquimod-induced mouse model of psoriasis. Littermate wild-type and IDO1-knockout mice were treated with imiquimod for 5 days, and the severity of psoriasiform skin lesions assessed using the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), ear edema measured using a digital caliper, and thickness of the epidermis determined by histology. Expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes was monitored using quantitative RT-PCR. Imiquimod increased ear edema, PASI scores, and epidermal thickness in both WT and IDO1 knockout mice; however, there were no differences observed between the 2 genotypes. There were also no differences in imiquimod's induction of skin inflammatory mediators, indicating no effect of IDO1 gene loss in this psoriasis model. Although these data suggest a lack of involvement of IDO1 in psoriatic skin inflammation, other possible mechanisms, such as compensatory changes in other pathways and the involvement of the IDO2 isoform, must also be considered.
Ischemic preconditioning of rat livers against cold storage-reperfusion injury: Role of nonparenchymal cells and the phenomenon of heterologous preconditioning (2001)

Brief periods of ischemia followed by reperfusion render tissues resistant against subsequent prolonged ischemia, a phenomenon called ischemic preconditioning. The effect of ischemic preconditioning on liver transplantation was investigated in relation to sinusoidal endothelial cell injury and Kupffer-cell activation, which are prominent features of storage and reperfusion injury leading to liver graft failure. Rat livers were preconditioned by 5 or 10 minutes of ischemia and 5 minutes of reperfusion and stored in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution for 30 hours. Livers were then reperfused for 15 minutes with physiological buffer containing trypan blue. Under these conditions, injury occurs predominantly to sinusoidal endothelial cells, reflected by trypan blue staining of nonparenchymal cells in histological sections. Ischemic preconditioning decreased nonparenchymal cell killing by more than 50%. When half the liver was preconditioned, sinusoidal endothelial cells were also protected in the contralateral half. Other stored livers were reperfused with nitroblue tetrazolium, which is converted to insoluble formazan by superoxide radicals. Ischemic preconditioning decreased the intensity of formazan deposition over Kupffer cells. Finally, stored livers were transplanted into nontreated rats. Ischemic preconditioning improved recipient long-term survival after 30 hours of cold ischemic storage in UW solution from 30% to 80% and decreased serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in posthepatic blood 4 hours postoperatively from 98 to 54 pg/mL. In conclusion, ischemic preconditioning protects sinusoidal endothelial cells and suppresses Kupffer-cell activation after storage and reperfusion. As a result, graft survival improves after liver transplantation. Moreover, ischemia to half the liver confers protection to the other half. Such heterologous preconditioning provides a new means to protect liver tissue against ischemia-reperfusion injury without imposing ischemia on the target tissue.
Optical Imaging of the Layout of Functional Domains in Area 17 and Across the Area 17/18 Border in Cat Visual Cortex (1995)

Optical imaging based on intrinsic signals was used to investigate the functional architecture of cat area 17 and the border between areas 17 and 18. The visual stimuli were gratings of different spatial frequencies moving at different angles, in different directions and with different speeds. In area 17 the iso-orientation domains were usually organized in patches rather than as elongated bands. Patches with different orientation preferences were arranged radially forming 'pinwheels' around 'orientation centres'. The pinwheel density was approximately 1.7-fold higher than in area 18. To explore clustering according to direction of motion, stimuli having the same orientation but moving in opposite directions were used. These two stimuli yielded very similar activity maps giving no indication of robust directionality clustering. Using near infrared light we were able to simultaneously image ocular-dominance and iso-orientation domains. A quantitative assessment of the relative strengths of the two subsystems showed that in upper cortical layers clustering according to orientation preference was three-fold stronger than clustering according to ocular dominance. The functional organization of spatial frequency was also examined. When we compared the activated regions by stimuli having different spatial frequency and moving at different velocities we observed that neurons were clustered also in these respects. We also investigated the functional architecture at the area 17/18 border and found that orientation maps at both sides of the border were not independent of each other. The map of area 17 smoothly blended into that of area 18. Similarly, the preferred spatial frequency of the neurons changed gradually over a distance of approximately 0.8 mm at the region of the area 17/18 border.
Accelerating a Software Defined Satnav Receiver using Multiple Parallel Processing Schemes (2023)

Satnav SDRs present many benefits in terms of flexibility and configurability. However, due to the high bandwidth signals involved in satnav SDR processing, the software must be highly optimized for the host platform in order to achieve acceptable runtimes. Modules such as sample decoding, carrier replica generation, carrier wipeoff, and correlation are computationally intensive components that benefit from accelerations. An architecture has been developed which allows for the components that must be high performance to be swapped out with versions that make use of accelerators such as FPGAs, GPUs, and vectorized instructions in the CPU (Gunawardena, 2021). Other modules are left in higher level language for ease of use. This differs from some previous projects which do not provide the same level of configurability and granularity that allows for modules to be swapped out without changing code. For the purposes of this paper, we will target general CPUs using Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD), multithreading, and bitwise methods. Both SIMD and multithreading accelerations have been previously discussed as applied to sample decoding (Reich et al., 2022). The target system for this paper is x86 64, extended with the Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE) and Advanced Vector eXtensions (AVX) instruction sets. These 128-bit and 256-bit operations are used in conjunction with bitwise methodologies to perform many operations per instruction in parallel. In addition, these tasks are divided among several threads running concurrently. None of these parallelization techniques are invoked by default and must be specifically written into the program. This paper discusses the process of including these accelerations as well as extensive benchmarking results as compared to a naive C++ implementation. The results of this paper are intended to provide guidance on future optimizations to satnav SDR receivers.
Figure S8 from FOXO Transcription Factors Both Suppress and Support Breast Cancer Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;FOXOs mediated gene expression influences a plethora of cellular processes.&lt;/p&gt;
Computational Modeling of Affective Qualities of Abstract Paintings (2016)

Modeling the emotional response of human observers to specific imagery is an important aspect of affective computing; it both furthers our understanding of the affective qualities of visual stimuli and paves the way for numerous applications. The emotional effect of colors and their combinations have been extensively studied by artists, as color is one of the essential means of conveying the artist's intention and affecting viewers emotionally. This is especially true in abstract art. In this study, the authors show how concepts from art theory can be used to design a computational model that lets a computer predict whether an abstract painting will elicit positive or negative emotions in the observer. Furthermore, their model can be used to generate abstract paintings that elicit intended emotional responses in observers. This article is part of a special issue on quality modeling.
The interactions between sleep and epilepsy. (2008)

The interactions between sleep and epilepsy have been recognized for centuries. The electroencephalogram and more recently the polysomnogram have helped us understand these interactions. Certain epilepsy syndromes are more common during sleep, and frequently a sleep disorder is misdiagnosed as epilepsy. Management of epilepsy includes improvements in sleep quality and quantity, and aggressive treatment of epilepsy has a positive impact on sleep disorders.
Prognostic significance of perineural invasion in localized prostate cancer. (2015)

30 Background: While perineural invasion (PNI) has been associated with poorer clinical outcomes in prostate cancer patients, it is not well defined as a predictor of long-term endpoints in newly diagnosed prostate cancer. Therefore, we evaluated the role of PNI as a prognostic marker in patients with localized prostate cancer who underwent surgery or radiation. Methods: We analyzed a prospectively collected cohort of 5,034 consecutive patients with localized prostate cancer treated with surgery (n = 4,207) or radiation (n = 827) at University of Michigan from 1994-2013. The primary outcome measured was metastasis-free survival, with secondary outcomes of PSA-recurrence free survival and overall survival (OS). Covariates included age, treatment year, race, comorbidity index, pre-treatment PSA, Gleason score, and T-stage. Survival analysis was estimated using the Kaplan-Meir method, and multivariable analysis was performed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: 22.6% of surgery patients and 37.5% of radiation patients had PNI. 169 patients developed metastasis a median of 44 months (IQR 21-83 months) after primary therapy. In the combined cohort, PNI was a predictor of metastasis and PSA recurrence, but not OS (Table 1). For surgery, PNI was a predictor of metastasis, PSA recurrence, and OS. For radiation, PNI was a predictor of metastasis and PSA recurrence, but not OS. Conclusions: PNI is an independent predictor of long-term outcomes in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients regardless of subsequent therapy. These data support the importance of PNI as a key factor denoting potentially aggressive prostate cancer and importing a significant increase in the likelihood of eventual metastatic progression. [Table: see text]
On the maximal size of Large-Average and ANOVA-fit Submatrices in a Gaussian Random Matrix (2010)

We investigate the maximal size of distinguished submatrices of a Gaussian random matrix. Of interest are submatrices whose entries have average greater than or equal to a positive constant, and submatrices whose entries are well-fit by a two-way ANOVA model. We identify size thresholds and associated (asymptotic) probability bounds for both large-average and ANOVA-fit submatrices. Results are obtained when the matrix and submatrices of interest are square, and in rectangular cases when the matrix submatrices of interest have fixed aspect ratios. In addition, we obtain a strong, interval concentration result for the size of large average submatrices in the square case. A simulation study shows good agreement between the observed and predicted sizes of large average submatrices in matrices of moderate size.