gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single Pyramid Magnets: Dy5 Pyramids with Slow Magnetic Relaxation to 40 K (2011)

Single-molecule magnets: A square-pyramidal pentametallic dysprosium cluster (see picture) was synthesized and showed slow magnetic relaxation at temperatures as high as 40 K. The thermal energy barrier to relaxation of magnetization of this single-molecule magnet is 530 K and is the largest yet observed for any d- or f-block cluster compound. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Die Lunge und Pleura innervierende Spinalganglienneurone sind pH-sensitiv – Eine Tracingstudie (2005)

Die sensible Innervation der Lunge erfolgt zum großen Teil über vagale Afferenzen, deren Zellkörper im Ggl. nodosum und Ggl. jugulare des N. vagus liegen. Unter diesen Neuronen befinden sich die gut charakterisierten langsam adaptierenden Dehnungsrezeptoren, „Irritanzienrezeptoren“ (schnell adaptierende Mechanorezeptoren) sowie C-Faser Afferenzen. Zusätzlich erhält die Lunge, wie auch die Pleura, Afferenzen aus thorakalen Spinalganglien (DRG), deren Funktion weitestgehend unklar ist.
Degradation Diagnosis and Estimation of Residual Life of Insulating Material using Pattern Recognition of Phase Angle Resolved Partial Discharge Pulse Occurrence Distribution (1993)

We have constructed a prototype of partial discharge (PD) pulse measurement and degradation diagnosis expert system (PDM/ES-I) using a personal computer for insulation degradation diagnosis of materials suffering from PDs. For 0.1 mm-thick low density polyethylene (LDPE) with CIGRE Method II electrode system, temporal change of phase-angle-resolved PD pulse occurrence distribution was measured with PDM/ES- I. We applied the so-called "pattern recognition" of the PD pulse distribution to diagnosis of insulation degradation and assessment of residual life. Experimental results revealed that in spite of large scattering of time to breakdown, i. e. life, from 5 to 43 hours, all the tested samples exhibited similar evolution of the profile of PD pulse occurrence distribution with increasing aging time. The PD pattern measured at a given aging time was compared with five standard normalized PD patterns which had been registered in advance as five representative degradation stages from initial degradation category to final one. The degradation stage determined by the pattern recognition (PR) method proved to vary from the initial degradation category to final one in a correct turn. Consequently, the PR method permitted an exact determination of the degree of degradation at a given aging time. In other words, the PR method was capable of predicting the residual life of LDPE with a CM-II electrode system.
Detailed Molecular Delineation of 13q14.3 Loss in B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (1998)

A region of chromosome 13q14.3, telomeric to the Retinoblastoma gene RB-1 is frequently deleted in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). A cosmid and P1-derived artificial chromosome (PAC) contig spanning over 600 kb has been constructed, which encompasses this locus. The contig clones have been used to order a number of markers along the minimally deleted region and to localize a series of CpG islands corresponding to possible candidate genes. A novel polymorphic dinucleotide repeat, 6E3.2, present in one of the ordered cosmid clones has been isolated for use in deletion mapping studies of patient DNA. Leukemic samples from 229 CLL patients have been screened for loss of heterozygosity using microsatellite markers and analyzed for hemizygous and homozygous deletions by Southern blot techniques using genomic probes selected from cosmids across the region. Hemizygous deletions were found in 31% of cases with an additional 10% showing homozygous loss. The use of these probes has defined the commonly deleted area to less than 130 kb, centromeric to the locus D13S272.
Grain Boundaries in a Lithium Aluminum Titanium Phosphate-Type Fast Lithium Ion Conducting Glass Ceramic: Microstructure and Nonlinear Ion Transport Properties (2012)

The structure and lithium ion transport properties of grain boundaries in the Ohara lithium-ion conductive glass ceramic (LI-CGC) were studied by means of nonlinear impedance spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Ac voltages up to 0.8 V (rms) per single boundary could be applied without any irreversible changes of the lithium ion transport properties. Although the activation energy of the grain boundary resistance is only 30 meV higher than the activation energy of the grain resistance, large ac voltages >500 mV per single grain boundary were needed for reducing the grain boundary resistance to a level similar to the grain resistance. Consequently, we argue that the higher activation energy of the grain boundary resistance is not caused by a single barrier (e.g., a single space charge barrier), but by a number of serial barriers. By comparing the nonlinear grain boundary conductivity of the LI-CGC with that of other thin ion conducting layers, we estimate an average electrical grain boundary thickness of 7.5 nm. The HR-TEM images indicate that layers with a thickness in this range exist between grains with similar crystal lattice orientations.
Transfer of multidrug-resistant bacteria to healthcare workers’ gloves and gowns after patient contact increases with environmental contamination* (2012)

The contamination of healthcare workers' protective clothing during routine care of patients with multidrug-resistant organisms is most frequent with A. baumannii. Environmental contamination was the major determinant of transmission to healthcare workers' gloves or gowns. Compliance with contact precautions and more aggressive environmental cleaning may decrease transmission.
Integration of transbronchial cryobiopsy into multidisciplinary board decision: a single center analysis of one hundred consecutive patients with interstitial lung disease (2021)

The diagnostic yield of cryobiopsy was 70%:45% of cryobiopsies were diagnostic based on histology alone and an additional 25% provided non-specific, but valuable findings allowing a consensus diagnosis after MDTD. Our data demonstrate that the diagnostic value of cryobiopsy is high if combined with BAL, radiologic and clinical data.
Monolithische nichtlineare optische Resonatoren (1994)

Abstract Die Frequenzkonversion ist wohl das eindrucksvollste Phänomen der nichtlinearen Wechselwirkung zwischen Licht und Materie. Bei der Frequenzverdopplung wurden in jüngster Zeit dank der Entwicklung von Kristallen mit sehr geringer Absorption und miniaturisierter optischer Resonatoren große Fortschritte erzielt. Mit frequenzstabilen Dauerstrich‐Einmoden‐Lasern und der Methode der Leistungsüberhöhung in einem optischen Resonator ist es möglich, die Laser‐Grundwelle bereits bei Leistungen im Milliwatt‐Bereich zu mehr als 50% in die Oberwelle umzuwandeln.
Biocompatibility Parameters of Different Dialysis Membranes Assessed during Systemic Inflammation (2005)

The choice of dialyzer membrane material does not affect most aspects of biocompatibility when patients have significant systemic inflammation. This confounding variable should be taken into account in studies exploring the effects of biocompatible dialyzer membranes.
Development of device for identification explosions and fires (2015)

One of the key issues of security is fast and accurate analyses of different threats in above ground and underground structures of different applications. Among the most dangerous threats, that may end with fatal and destructive results are fires and explosions. Modern threat identification systems must be quick-acting and reliable. The development of contemporary detection devices is oriented to the creation of integrated systems ensuring monitoring of all possible threats as well as respective measures for threat prevention. A comprehensive security system enables identification of emergency and pre-emergency conditions and have WiFi modes of operation. This paper describes results of experimental investigations to identify and process information signals from different sources. The described works are necessary for designing the device integrated module of identification which is based on the constant monitoring on potential threat that may take place in manufacturing sites and tunnels. The potential threats discussed in the paper are: · Explosion, which is based on the monitoring of overpressure and methane concentration control in the media; · Fire, which identification is based on the monitoring of flame and smoke parameters. Besides the reliable identification and generation of the emergency signal, the proposed multifunctional device will ensure also the activation of the protective systems to reduce the damage and fatal consequences after explosion and/or fires.
Expressão da xilose isomerase de Propionibacterium acidipropionici em Saccharomyces cerevisiae visando a produção de etanol de segunda geração (2014)

Um dos principais desafios a serem superados para que a producao de etanol lignocelulosico seja viavel e a obtencao de um micro-organismo capaz de fermentar pentoses e hexoses de maneira eficiente. A levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae e o principal micro-organismo utilizado nas fermentacoes industriais, devido a sua alta eficiencia no consumo de glicose e tolerância as altas concentracoes de etanol. Entretanto, linhagens selvagens dessa levedura nao sao capazes de consumir pentoses naturalmente. Desta maneira, a expressao heterologa de genes que possibilitem o consumo de pentoses em S. cerevisiae e uma abordagem interessante que vem sendo desenvolvida por diversos grupos de pesquisa. A xilose e o acucar de cinco carbonos presente em maior porcentagem nos materiais lignocelulosicos e e consumida pelos organismos atraves de duas vias principais, a via da xilose isomerase (XI) e a via oxi-redutiva. A bacteria Propionibacterium acidipropionici, industrialmente interessante por produzir acido propionico, foi estudada neste trabalho com relacao a sua capacidade de consumir xilose. A partir dos ensaios de fermentacao realizados, foi possivel comprovar que ela e capaz de consumir este acucar na msma proporcao que a glicose. A analise de dados genomicos de P. acidipropionici indicou que a via da XI e a utilizada para o consumo de xilose. Assim, o gene xylA, que codifica a XI de P. acidipropionici, foi expresso em uma linhagem industrial de S. cerevisiae. Apos a realizacao de testes fermentativos foi possivel constatar que a linhagem construida nao apresentou consumo de xilose. Apesar da expressao do gene xylA ser comprovada, nao foi possivel detectar atividade enzimatica da XI, resultados que fornecem indicios de que a proteina pode nao estar sendo sintetizada ou, caso esteja sendo sintetizada, nao e funcional. Mais de 36 XIs provenientes de organismos diferentes ja foram expressas em S. cerevisiae, dentre essas apenas 12 foram funcionalmente expressas. As causas da nao funcionalidade na maioria das tentativas de expressao heterologa das XIs sao desconhecidas. Entretanto, alguns trabalhos afirmam que esse fenomeno pode estar relacionado ao enovelamento incorreto da xilose isomerase em S. cerevisiae. Desta forma, a expressao de genes que codificam chaperonas especificas e uma estrategia promissora para a obtencao de uma xilose isomerase funcional. 
Abstract
Diode-Pumped, Q-Switched, Frequency-Doubling Laser (1993)

Experimental Q-switched, diode-pumped, intracavity-frequency-doubling laser generates pulses of radiation at wavelength of 532 nm from excitation at 810 nm. Principal innovative feature distinguishing laser from others of its type: pulsed operation of laser at pulse-repetition frequencies higher than reported previously. Folded resonator keeps most of second-harmonic radiation away from Q-switcher, laser crystal, and laser diodes. Folding mirror highly reflective at fundamental laser wavelength and highly transmissive at second-harmonic laser wavelength. By virtue of difference of about 0.6 percent between reflectivities in two polarizations at fundamental wavelength, folding mirror favors polarized oscillation at fundamental wavelength. This characteristic desirable for doubling of frequency in some intracavity crystals.
High Performance Hot-Mix Asphalt Pavement at Lewiston-Queenston International Bridge (2006)

The Lewiston-Queenston International Bridge (LQI Bridge) was built in 1962 by the Niagara Falls Bridge Commission (NFBC) to connect the villages of Lewiston, New York and Queenston, Ontario. In 2005, NFBC undertook a 55-million dollar initiative to add an additional lane to the existing bridge. The project consisted of removal of existing deck concrete slabs and replacing them with high performance concrete. The new bridge deck received a waterproofing membrane which was overlaid with a high performance Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mix to offer chloride penetration resistance, smooth ride and rut resistant characteristics to reduce the need for high cost future maintenance of the bridge deck. This paper discusses the historical background of the LQI Bridge. Production and placement of the high performance SMA mix on the LQI Bridge is also discussed in detail in this paper. The rehabilitation of LQI Bridge was completed in November 2005. The current experience with SMA as a high performance bridge deck surface has been very successful. The monitoring of the performance of the pavement structure and the SMA mix will continue for the next several years to ascertain the suitability of such mixes on critical bridge structures that receive significant truck traffic. For the covering abstract of this conference, see ITRD number E215112. (A)
Quantifying patient adherence during active orthodontic treatment with removable appliances using microelectronic wear-time documentation (2014)

The daily wear time of removable appliances during the active phase of orthodontic therapy can be routinely quantified using integrated microelectronic sensors. The relationship between orthodontist and patient seems to play a key role in patient adherence. Wear-time documentation provides the basis for more individualized wear-time recommendations for patients with removable appliances. This could result in a more efficient, shorter, and less painful orthodontic therapy.
Beryllium presentation to CD4+T cells underlies disease-susceptibility HLA-DP alleles in chronic beryllium disease (2000)

Chronic beryllium disease results from beryllium exposure in the workplace and is characterized by CD4(+) T cell-mediated inflammation in the lung. Susceptibility to this disease is associated with particular HLA-DP alleles. We isolated beryllium-specific T cell lines from the lungs of affected patients. These CD4(+) T cell lines specifically responded to beryllium in culture in the presence of antigen-presenting cells that expressed class II MHC molecules HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP. The response to beryllium was nearly completely and selectively blocked by mAb to HLA-DP. Additional studies showed that only certain HLA-DP alleles allowed presentation of beryllium. Overall, the DP alleles that presented beryllium to disease-specific T cell lines match those implicated in disease susceptibility, providing a mechanism for this association. Based on amino acid residues shared by these restricting and susceptibility DP alleles, our results provide insight into the residues of the DP beta-chain required for beryllium presentation.
Totally Absorbable Screws in Fixation of Subtalar Extra Articular Arthrodesis in Children with Spastic Neuromuscular Disease (1992)

Seven patients with spastic neuromuscular disease and severe hindfoot valgus deformity were treated by subtalar arthrodesis. Arthrodesis was performed in both feet at the same operation and fixed on one side with a self-reinforced poly-L-lactide (SR-PLLA) screw, and with a standard AO screw on the other side. The functional status state was improved, and radiographic union of the arthrodesis occurred in all feet. The radiograph showed better solid fusion in five feet treated with PLLA screws, similar fusion in both sides in one patient, and one slower fusion in the side treated initially with a PLLA screw. Totally absorbable SR-PLLA screws appear to be firm enough for fixation of subtalar extraarticular arthrodesis in children.
Sampling Theory And Methods (2000)

Sampling theory and methods , Sampling theory and methods , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Reduction of Mutual Coupling between Closely Spaced Microstrip Antennas Arrays Using Electromagnetic Band-gap (2D-EBG) Structures (2018)

Reducing mutual coupling is a key research area in design of compact microstrip antennas arrays. To minimize the overall size of the antennas arrays, the distance between them must be very small, as a result a strong mutual coupling is appears. Periodic structures can help to design a low profile of antennas arrays and enable to improve their performances by the suppression of surface waves propagation in a given frequency range. This paper proposes a novel configuration of mushroom-like electromagnetic band-gap (2D-EBG) structure created by microstrip technology placed between two antennas arrays to reduce the mutual coupling more than -33.24dB. When 13×2 EBG structures are used, the mutual coupling reduces to -59.36dB at the operation frequency 5.8GHz of the antennas arrays. A 26.12dB mutual coupling reduction is achieved, which proves that the surface wave is suppressed. The proposed configuration is designed, optimized, and miniaturized by using electromagnetic software CST Microwave Studio. The measured results show that there is a good agreement with the computed results.
Photoluminescence under magnetic field and hydrostatic pressure in GaAs1−xNx for probing the compositional dependence of carrier effective mass and gyromagnetic ratio (2007)

The influence of nitrogen cluster states on the conduction band (CB) structure of GaAs1−xNx is probed by measuring the effective mass and gyromagnetic ratio of electrons for x < 0.7%. An unusual compositional dependence of these two important CB parameters is found. Such behaviors are well reproduced by a modified k⋅p model taking into account a non‐monotonic loss of Γ character of the CB minimum due to multiple crossings between the red‐shifting conduction band edge and N cluster states. As well, sudden variations in the electron mass can be externally induced by applying a hydrostatic pressure, which brings the upward moving CB edge into interaction with N states, which at ambient pressure are resonant with the GaAs1−xNx CB continuum.
GEOMETRICAL EFFECTS ON DISCHARGE COEFFICIENTS FOR PLAIN-ORIFICE ATOMIZERS (1991)

Discharge coefficients were measured for 40 different plain-orifice atomizers. Orifice length/ diameter ratios were varied from 2 to 5 while maintaining the nominal diameter constant at 0.254 mm. Test fluids employed were water and a universal calibration fluid, Viscor 1487C, and were sprayed into air at normal atmospheric pressure by using injection pressures ranging from 3 to 109 MPa. Special attention was paid to the influence of the condition of the nozzle inlet edge on discharge coefficient. Tests were carried out on nominally sharp-edged orifices, rough-edged orifices as produced by an electro discharge machining (EDM) process, and orifices with rounded inlets. Results indicated that the effects of orifice length/diameter ratio and Reynolds number on discharge coefficient are small in comparison with the condition of the orifice inlet edge. Sharp-edged inlets were found to be the most sensitive to small perturbations of this edge. Increasing the orifice inlet radius raises the discharge coefficient and also causes the discharge coefficient to become more dependent on Reynolds number.
Ketoprofen Sodium: Preparation and Its Formation of Mixed Crystals with Ketoprofen (1997)

A simple two-step process for the preparation of ketoprofen sodium was developed. The procedure involved dissolution of ketoprofen in ethanolic NaOH followed by evaporation of the solvent. The resulting amorphous solid was crystallized by controlled precipitation from 96% ethanol. The sodium salt proved to be stable for 4 years and its aqueous solutions for at least 1 year (investigated period). Ketoprofen sodium appears to be an alternative bulk form to ketoprofen acid for production of formulations after further characterization of the compound.
Distribution of zeros of the partition function of the antiferromagnetic Husimi-Temperley model I (1972)

To study the locus of zeros of the partition function for the antiferromagnets, an exactly soluble simplest model (the antiferromagnetic Husimi-Temperley model) is proposed. Thermodynamic properties of the model are shown to be the same as those in the molecular field approximation of the Ising or Heisenberg model. The locus of zeros in the complex fugacity plane of the model is obtained by the method of comparing the real part of the various branches of the complex free energies. The locus is a loop which does not cut the real positive axis above the critical temperature. Below the critical temperature, the locus of the zeros consists of dual loops which cut the real positive axis at zc and 1/zc and the density of zeros near the real axis is proportional to mod z-zc mod . At the critical temperature the locus is a loop which crosses at z=1 and the density of zeros is proportional to mod z-zc mod 3.
Mimicking the unmasking effects of the medial olivo-cochlear efferent reflex with cochlear implants (2014)

In healthy ears, cochlear sensitivity and tuning are not fixed; they vary depending on the state of activation of medial olivo-cochlear (MOC) efferent fibers, which act upon outer hair cells modulating the gain of the cochlear amplifier. MOC efferents may be activated in a reflexive manner by ipsilateral and contralateral sounds. Activation of the MOC reflex (MOCR) is thought to unmask sounds by reducing the adaptation of auditory nerve afferent fibers response to noise. This effect almost certainly improves speech recognition in noise. Furthermore, there is evidence that contralateral stimulation can improve the detection of pure tones embedded in noise as well as speech intelligibility in noise probably by activation of the contralateral MOCR. The unmasking effects of the MOCR are unavailable to current cochlear implant (CI) users and this might explain part of their difficulty at understanding speech in noise compared to normal hearing subjects. Here, we present preliminary results of a bilateral CI sound-coding strategy that mimics the unmasking benefits of the ipsilateral and contralateral MOCR. [Work supported by the Spanish MINECO and MED-EL GmbH.]