gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Digitally printed stretchable electronics: a review (2019)

Digital printing of stretchable electronics is reviewed. Multiple technologies and materials, like liquid metals and composites, are addressed.
Animal models to investigate drug effects on coronary physiology (1986)

Abstract Coronary blood flow is regulated by local intrinsic mechanisms according to the oxygen need of the myocardium, but the coronary circulation is also modulated by nervous, humoral, and extravascular influences. Therefore, any method used to study drug effects on the coronary circulation must take into account not only the direct effects of the drug but also any secondary drug effects that might indirectly influence the coronary vasculature. The simplest methods involve the use of isolated vessels. With these methods, the environment of the vessel can be precisely controlled, although usually only vessels larger than true resistance vessels can be studied. Isolated heart models have also been successfully employed, and in these models, effects of the drug on the myocardium must be considered. More complex models include in vivo anesthetized animal techniques with intracoronary drug administratiorl. With these models, drug effects on the coronary circulation as well as on other cardiac variables can be examined. The use of conscious, instrumented animals perhaps provides the most physiologic preparation and is very useful, particularly if intracoronary administration of drugs is employed.
Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and correlation between HIF-1α level and proliferation of neural stem cells in the hippocampus of developing rats after pentylenetetrazolinduced status epilepticus (2012)

Objective To explore the expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF- lα)and nestin in the hippocampus of developing rats after pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced starus epilepticus (SE),and the correlation between HIF-1α level and proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs). Methods A total of 768 SD rats,including rats of postnatal 7 days (P7,n-192),rats of postnatal 14 days (P14,n=192),rats of postnatal 21 days (P21,n=192) and rats of postnatal 28 days (P28,n=192),were equally randomized into vehicle group (n=96) and control group (n-96),respectively; SE rat models of the vehicle group were induced by intraperitoneal injection of 1％ PTZ (80 mg/kg); and rats of the control group were received injection of normal saline (NS); 6 and 12 h,and 1,2,3 and 7 d after the inducement,the mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α in the hippocampus of rats in these 8 groups were examined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Another 48 21-d- old SD rats were equally randomized into vehicle I group (n=24) and intervention group (n=24); and rats in the intervention group received injection of HIF-lα antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ASODN) into the right hippocampus and NS into the left hippocampus; 6 h after the injection,these 48 rats were induced into SE models by intraperitoneal injection of 1％ PTZ (80 mg/kg); 2 d after the inducement, the mRNA expression of HIF-1α in the hippocampus was examined by RT-PCR; and 7 and 14 d after theinducement, the protein expressions of HIF-1α and nestin in the hippocampus were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results The mRNA expression of HIF-1 α in the hippocampus of all the rats in the vehicle group after SE increased significantly with similar trend.Six h after SE,the HIF-1α mRNA expression significantly decreased with time prolongation (P＜0.05). Major HIF-1α positive cells were located in different areas at different time after SE. In intervention experiment, the HIF-1α mRNA expression 2 d after SE and the number ofnestin positive cells 7 and 14 d after SE in the vehicle I group and the left hippocampus of intervention group(being intervented with ASODN) obviously decreased as compared with those in the right hippocampus (being intervented with NS,P＜0.05). Conclusion The mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α in the hippocampus of developing rats are enhanced after SE with a correlation of age-in-days; correlativity between HIF-1α and proliferation of NSCs might exist after SE.

Key words: 
Developing rats; Status epilepticus; Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha; Nestin
Laparoscopic Splenectomy: A Selected Retrospective Review (2005)

Previous investigators have suggested that laparoscopic splenectomy should be the procedure of choice for the treatment of benign hematologic disorders unresponsive to medical therapy. To evaluate the safety and utility of laparoscopic splenectomy for a variety of splenic disorders, we reviewed our collective experience at 2 institutions. We studied our 8-year experience by retrospective chart review. Patient demographic data, splenic pathology, intraoperative events, concomitant procedures, and all adverse perioperative events were recorded. A total of 131 patients had laparoscopic splenectomy, and there were 8 conversions to open surgery. Pathology included 63 with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), 23 malignancies, 12 thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), 10 autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), and 23 others. Accessory spleens were noted in 21 patients (16%). Concomitant surgical procedures included 12 hepatic biopsies, 4 distal pancreatectomies, 4 cholecystectomies, and 7 others. Mean operative time was 170 minutes. There were 16 major complications in 16 patients and 2 deaths. Median postoperative length of stay was 3 days. Conversions, due mostly to bleeding, are related to splenic pathology and medical comorbidity and are not temporally related to surgical experience (learning curve). The morbidity, mortality, and conversion rates were low. Laparoscopic splenectomy permits an appropriate abdominal exploration and is associated with a short hospital stay. It is the procedure of choice for most indications for splenectomy.
Featuring: Josep Brugada (2019)

In the Cardiology Masters section of European Cardiology Review, we bring you an insight into the career of a key contributor to the field of cardiology. In this edition, we feature Josep Brugada.
Photodynamic Action and Diseases Caused by Light (1941)

This volume is a treatise on photodynamic action and radiation, both artificial and natural, on the human being and on animals. It deals with diseases produced in men and in animals by radiation. The book contains a generous review of the literature on this rather restricted branch of medicine and embraces material contributed by the author himself especially regarding the use of radiation in cancer. The volume is in four parts and has a total of twenty-four chapters. Part one, the introduction, deals with the physical nature of radiation and its biologic effects. The second part is on photodynamic action. Diseases produced by light on domestic animals and on man are dealt with in parts three and four, and this material should be of interest to the dermatologist. Mathematical and chemical equations are sprinkled here and there, together with a goodly number of tables and charts. One chapter is given
Cooperation of Adenosine with Macrophage Toll-4 Receptor Agonists Leads to Increased Glycolytic Flux through the Enhanced Expression of PFKFB3 Gene (2011)

Macrophages activated through Toll receptor triggering increase the expression of the A(2A) and A(2B) adenosine receptors. In this study, we show that adenosine receptor activation enhances LPS-induced pfkfb3 expression, resulting in an increase of the key glycolytic allosteric regulator fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and the glycolytic flux. Using shRNA and differential expression of A(2A) and A(2B) receptors, we demonstrate that the A(2A) receptor mediates, in part, the induction of pfkfb3 by LPS, whereas the A(2B) receptor, with lower adenosine affinity, cooperates when high adenosine levels are present. pfkfb3 promoter sequence deletion analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, and inhibition by shRNAs demonstrated that HIF1α is a key transcription factor driving pfkfb3 expression following macrophage activation by LPS, whereas synergic induction of pfkfb3 expression observed with the A(2) receptor agonists seems to depend on Sp1 activity. Furthermore, levels of phospho-AMP kinase also increase, arguing for increased PFKFB3 activity by phosphorylation in long term LPS-activated macrophages. Taken together, our results show that, in macrophages, endogenously generated adenosine cooperates with bacterial components to increase PFKFB3 isozyme activity, resulting in greater fructose 2,6-bisphosphate accumulation. This process enhances the glycolytic flux and favors ATP generation helping to develop and maintain the long term defensive and reparative functions of the macrophages.
Development of an intelligent model for wax deposition in oil pipeline (2015)

Crude oil transport is one important part of the oil industry. Wax deposition is a very complex phenomenon that in recent years is one of the major challenges in oil industry. Wax deposited on the inner surface of crude oil pipelines are capable to reduce or completely stop the oil flow and the oil industry imposing large costs. The main objective of this study was to present a novel approach for predication of wax deposition thickness in single-phase turbulent flow rate. Using experimental data set and Adaptive neural-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model was developed. From the results predicted by this model, it can be pointed out that the ANFIS model can be used as powerful tools for prediction of wax deposition thickness in single-phase turbulent flow rate with mean square error, absolute relative deviation error and average absolute deviation error which are 0.00077034, 0.015720 and 0.097961, respectively.
Proteomic analysis of the maternal protein restriction rat model for schizophrenia: Identification of translational changes in hormonal signaling pathways and glutamate neurotransmission (2012)

Previous studies have found that some first onset schizophrenia patients show signs of impaired insulin signaling. Also, epidemiological studies have shown that periods of suboptimal nutrition including protein deficiencies during pregnancy can lead to increased incidence of metabolic conditions and psychiatric disorders in the offspring. For these reasons, we have carried out a molecular profiling analysis of blood serum and brain tissues from adult offspring produced by the maternal low protein (LP) rat model. The results showed similar changes to those seen in schizophrenia. Multiplex immunoassay profiling identified changes in the levels of insulin, adiponectin, and leptin along with alterations in inflammatory and vascular system-related proteins such as osteopontin, macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. LC-MS(E) proteomic profiling showed that glutamatergic pathways were altered in frontal cortex, while signaling pathways and cytoskeletal proteins involved in hormonal secretion and synaptic remodeling were altered in the hypothalamus. Taken together, these studies indicate that the LP rat model recapitulates several pathophysiological attributes seen in schizophrenia patients. We propose that the LP model may have utility for drug discovery efforts, especially to identify compounds that modulate the metabolic and glutamatergic systems.
Abstract 6764: Multi-parametric comparison of scRNA-seq with CITE-seq and ultrahigh-plex spatial phenotyping of proteins in FFPE head and neck tumor biopsies: An opportunity to generate uniquely comprehensive multi-omic single cell datasets to investigate the tumor microenvironment (2023)

Abstract Single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) performed on cell suspensions isolated from tumor biopsies provides substantial insights into the transcriptional state of the cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Complementing this work with multi-omic Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes (CITE-seq), which adds barcoded antibodies to label the surface of isolated cells, allows us to additionally characterize surface proteins. While information gleaned from these studies is dramatically expanding our understanding of the evolving immune response and tumor-immune interactions, it lacks an appreciation of the many spatial relationships that are present within the TME. Spatial phenotyping with the power of single cell resolution and whole slide imaging provides a valuable tool for identifying the cellular architecture and organization of spatial neighborhoods that perform critical roles in tumor progression, resistance, and clinical responses. Here, we explore bioinformatic strategies aimed at combining scRNA-seq and CITE-seq data with single-cell spatial protein data obtained with the PhenoCycler-Fusion (PCF) imaging platform. To this end, we performed whole-slide spatial phenotyping with an ultrahigh-plex PCF panel on FFPE human head and neck tumors. The same biopsies were also enzymatically digested and subjected to CITE-seq and scRNA-seq analysis. The combined multi-omic, single cell dataset provides a uniquely comprehensive account of the cellular states, functional significance and spatial neighborhoods that govern the TME. This study represents a novel approach to integrate high dimensional data from bulk tissue and single-cell spatial technologies to provide deeper insights into tumor biology and, in turn, to develop more informed strategies for combination immunotherapy trials and improved patient outcomes. Citation Format: Aditya Pratapa, Shawn M. Jensen, Niyati Jhaveri, Yoshinobu Koguchi, Venkatesh Rajamanickam, Brady Bernard, Tanisha Christie, Brian Piening, Rom S. Leidner, Oliver Braubach, Bernard A. Fox. Multi-parametric comparison of scRNA-seq with CITE-seq and ultrahigh-plex spatial phenotyping of proteins in FFPE head and neck tumor biopsies: An opportunity to generate uniquely comprehensive multi-omic single cell datasets to investigate the tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6764.
TCP-Peach+: enhancement of TCP-Peach for satellite IP networks (2002)

In this letter an improvement to TCP-Peach congestion control scheme, called TCP-Peach+, is proposed to further improve the goodput performance for satellite IP networks. In TCP-Peach+, two new algorithms, jump start and quick recovery, are proposed for congestion control in satellite networks. These algorithms are based on low priority segments, called NIL segments, which are used to probe the availability of network resources as well as error recovery. Simulation experiments show that TCP-Peach+ outperforms TCP-Peach in terms of goodput and achieves fair share of network resources as well.
Next Generation Simulation Software using Transmission Line Elements (2010)

A suitable method for simulating large complex dynamic systems is represented by distributed modelling using transmission line elements. The method is applicable to all physical systems, such as me ...
Superlatticed negative differential-resistance heterojunction bipolar transistor (1999)

In this article, we report the fabrication of a new superlatticed negative-differential-resistance heterojunction bipolar transistor (SNDR-HBT) based on a lattice-matched Al0.48In0.52As/Ga0.47In0.53As material system. A 20-period AlInAs/GaInAs superlattice is used to serve the resonant tunneling route and the confinement barrier for minority carriers. From experimental results, an extremely low offset voltage of 61 mV and a common-emitter current gain of about 25 has been obtained at room temperature for the non-optimized device, simultaneously. In addition, we also observe the interesting N-shape negative-differential-resistance (NDR) phenomena in both two- and three-terminal operations at 77 K. It is believed that the N-shaped NDR results mainly from resonant tunneling within the 20-period AlInAs/GaInAs superlattice.
Introduction (1971)

Journal Article Introduction Get access Charles D Scott, Charles D Scott Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830. (Operated for the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission by Union Carbide Corp.) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Robert S Melville Robert S Melville National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, Md. 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 17, Issue 8, 1 August 1971, Page 685, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/17.8.685 Published: 01 August 1971
Complications Related to Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction I (2020)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common urologic complications of neurogenic bladder. For catheter-free males, a clean voided specimen showing greater than or equal to 104 cfu/mL is considered significant. Escherichia coli is isolated in approximately 20% of patients. The strategies developed by Infectious Diseases Society of America are effective and proven to decrease catheter-associated UTIs. Cystitis is the most common complication of neurogenic bladder. Recurrent UTIs may be associated with high storage pressures, and intervention to decrease storage pressure may decrease the incidence of symptomatic UTIs. This usually occurs in patients with indwelling urethral catheters, and less commonly with clean intermittent catheterization. Acute pyelonephritis in NBD patients is considered a complicated infection and requires hospitalization. At first, the patient should be adequately hydrated, blood culture and urine culture should be done, and broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics (ampicillin-gentamicin) should be started until the results of cultures appear.
Location, Development, Control, and Function of Extraadrenal Phenylethanolamine N‐Methyltransferase (2002)

Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) methylates norepinephrine (NE) to form epinephrine (E). It is present in a high concentration in the adrenal medula but occurs in many other tissues throughout the body. In the brain stem and retina PNMT is present in specific neurons. Cardiac PNMT develops early in the fetal heart and is found in relatively high levels in the adult left atrium. Intrinsic cardiac adrenergic cells are distributed throughout the adult myocardium and contain all the enzymes necessary for E synthesis. The PNMT gene promoter region contains a glucocorticoid response element; however, the initial development of brain and cardiac fetal PNMT is glucocorticoid independent. Rat fetal heart PNMT peaks at embryonic day 11 and becomes sensitive to glucocorticoid induction by day 12. PNMT-containing cells are concentrated in the atrioventricular canal and interventricular septum during cardiac development, areas important in the development of the cardiac conduction system. In the adult rat, cardiac PNMT is inducible by glucocorticoids and synthesizes E. Glucocorticoids are essential for development of the high levels of PNMT in the adrenal, but are less important outside the adrenal. The PNMT gene contains 3 exons and 2 introns. Adrenal PNMT mRNA exists as a single type, but in the heart PNMT mRNA is present as both an intronless and an intron-containing type. In some cardiac tissues, glucocorticoids decrease levels of intron-containing PNMT mRNA and increase intronless PNMT mRNA and PNMT activity. Studies in adrenalectomized animals suggest that extraadrenal PNMT increases blood pressure, blood glucose, and lymphocyte cytokine production. PNMT may also play a role in the regulation of fetal heart rate prior to development of the adrenal medulla.
Malware Family Discovery Using Reversible Jump MCMC Sampling of Regimes (2018)

Malware is computer software that has either been designed or modified with malicious intent. Hundreds of thousands of new malware threats appear on the internet each day. This is made possible through reuse of known exploits in computer systems that have not been fully eradicated; existing pieces of malware can be trivially modified and combined to create new malware, which is unknown to anti-virus programs. Finding new software with similarities to known malware is therefore an important goal in cyber-security. A dynamic instruction trace of a piece of software is the sequence of machine language instructions it generates when executed. Statistical analysis of a dynamic instruction trace can help reverse engineers infer the purpose and origin of the software that generated it. Instruction traces have been successfully modeled as simple Markov chains, but empirically there are change points in the structure of the traces, with recurring regimes of transition patterns. Here, reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo for change point detection is extended to incorporate regime-switching, allowing regimes to be inferred from malware instruction traces. A similarity measure for malware programs based on regime matching is then used to infer the originating families, leading to compelling performance results.
Archival Fixed Histologic and Cytologic Specimens Including Stained and Unstained Materials Are Amenable to RT-PCR (2002)

Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues are increasingly used for analysis of gene expression. However, a large proportion of archival fixed histologic specimens including spare paraffin sections and stained slides, as well as archival cytologic materials, have not been investigated for their suitability for RNA-based analysis. The current study addressed this issue by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) transcript in a series of archival histologic and cytologic specimens. The histologic specimens included freshly prepared paraffin sections, spare paraffin sections, hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides, immunostained slides, and decalcified bone marrow trephines. The cytologic specimens comprised cervical smears and various stained and unstained needle aspirates and cell sediments. The G6PD was amplified for five different fragment sizes ranging from 67 bp to 453 bp. It was found that the majority of archival materials were amenable to RT-PCR of small fragments with the overall success rates of 95% and 79% for 67 bp and 151 bp of the G6PD mRNA, respectively. Neither staining nor prolonged storage up to 15 years had major negative effects on RT-PCR, although fine-needle aspirates showed a higher rate of RT-PCR of 242-bp fragment than other types of cytologic specimens and so did Papanicolaou-stained samples than May Grounwald and Giemsa-stained samples. RT-PCR of minute cell populations microdissected from immunostained sections of tonsils and t(11;18)-positive mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas showed that as few as 100 cells were adequate for RT-PCR of G6PD and translocation-associated fusion transcript as long as the target fragment was limited to less than 150 bp. Our results demonstrate that archival fixed histologic and cytologic specimens are valuable resources for RT-PCR-based molecular investigations.
Laser‐Directed Assembly of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes in Three Dimensions for Multifunctional Device Fabrication (2016)

Laser-directed assembly of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) in 3D space is investigated via a two-photon polymerization technique. MWNT-thiol-acrylate (MTA) composite resins are developed with high MWNT concentrations up to 0.2 wt%, over one order of magnitude higher than previously published work. Significantly enhanced electrical and mechanical properties of the 3D micro-/nanostructures are achieved. Microelectronic devices made of the MTA resins are demonstrated.