gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the capacity of the slotted strongly asynchronous channel with a bursty user (2017)

The slotted strongly asynchronous channel with a bursty user consists of a window of A <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sub> = e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nα</sup> blocks of length n channel uses. A user transmits a randomly selected message among M <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sub> = e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nR</sup> different ones in exactly K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sub> = e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nv</sup> randomly selected but distinct blocks in the window. The receiver must locate and decode, with vanishing error probability in n, each one of the transmitted messages. The optimal tradeoff between (R, α, ν) is derived.
Catadioptric omnidirectional camera (2002)

Conventional video cameras have limited fields of view that make them restrictive in a variety of vision applications. There are several ways to enhance the field of view of an imaging system. However, the entire imaging system must have a single effective viewpoint to enable the generation of pure perspective images from a sensed image. A new camera with a hemispherical field of view is presented. Two such cameras can be placed back-to-back, without violating the single viewpoint constraint, to arrive at a truly omnidirectional sensor. Results are presented on the software generation of pure perspective images from an omnidirectional image, given any user-selected viewing direction and magnification. The paper concludes with a discussion on the spatial resolution of the proposed camera.
High-frequency, low-intensity vibrations increase bone mass and muscle strength in upper limbs, improving autonomy in disabled children (2011)

Disuse osteoporosis in children is a progressive disease that can affect quality of life. High-frequency, low-magnitude vibration (HFLMV) acts as an anabolic signal for bone and muscle. We undertook a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of regional HFLMV in disabled children. Sixty-five children 6 to 9 year of age were randomized into three groups: placebo, 60 Hz, and 90 Hz. In the two active groups, a 0.3-g mechanical vibration was delivered to the radii and femurs for 5 minutes each day. After 6 months, the main endpoint was bone mineral density (BMD) at the ultradistal radius (UDR), 33% radii (33%R), and femoral necks (FN). Secondary endpoints were area and bone mineral content (BMC) at the UDR, 33%R, and FN; grip force of the upper and lower limbs; motor function; and PedsQL evaluation. An intention-to-treat analysis was used. Fifty-seven children (88%) completed the protocol. A significant increase was observed in the 60-Hz group relative to the other groups in BMD at the UDR (p = .011), in grip force of the upper limbs (p = .035), and in the "daily activities item" (p = .035). A mixed model to evaluate the response to intervention showed a stronger effect of 60 Hz on patients with cerebral palsy on the UDR and that between-subject variability significantly affected the response. There were no reported side effects of the intervention. This work provides evidence that regional HFLMV is an effective and safe strategy to improve bone mass, muscle strength, and possibly independence in children with motor disabilities.
Fungal production and solid state chemistry of eritadenine : an integrated approach to development of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (2009)

The present thesis demonstrates an integrated approach to the development of a potential active pharmaceutical ingredient, eritadenine, a cholesterol reducing compound originating from the shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes). The main areas covered in the thesis are a method for quantification of eritadenine, production of eritadenine by submerged cultivation of fungal mycelia and investigation of the influence of process parameters on mycelial growth and production, and finally solid state characterizations of eritadenine. The usage of the fungus as a source of eritadenine requires an analytical tool for quantification of the compound. An HPLC method was hence developed for identification and quantification of eritadenine, using chemically synthesized eritadenine as a reference. The amount of eritadenine in fruit bodies of selected strains of shiitake was determined and with the method developed in this study, eritadenine concentrations up to ten times higher than previously reported were detected. Since both fruit bodies and mycelia of shiitake have been shown to contain eritadenine submerged cultivation of shiitake mycelia was investigated as an alternative source for this compound. The mycelia were cultivated in various submerged conditions, both in shake flasks and in bioreactors. It was found that both the mycelia and the culture media contained eritadenine, of which the major part was detected in the culture media. While the biomass concentrations were higher in shake flasks, the eritadenine concentrations were considerably higher in the bioreactors, which were assigned to morphological variations. In an attempt to improve the mycelial growth and eritadenine production, a growth promotive substance in the form of a water extract of DDGS, a by-product from drygrind ethanol facilities, was added to the culture media. It was demonstrated that an amendment of the cultivation media with this extract caused a considerable growth promotive effect on shiitake mycelia in bioreactor cultivations, along with enhanced eritadenine production. If eritadenine will be used as a pharmaceutical agent, understanding about the solid state chemistry of the compound is required. Raman spectroscopy is a valuable technique for investigation of structural properties; hence, a Raman reference spectrum with line assignments for the solid state of synthetic eritadenine was established. To further investigate the solid state chemistry of eritadenine, its synthetic analogue was slowly crystallized from water and different ethanol concentrations, at different temperatures. Solids formed from slow cooling of either water or aqueous ethanol showed crystallinity. No polymorphism was detected, irrespective of solvent system or temperature. However, dissimilar thermal behaviours were observed, deducing crystals derived from water as dihydrates and crystals derived from aqueous ethanol as 2.5 hydrates.
Therapeutic implications of hypothermic and hyperthermic temperature conditions in stroke patients (2001)

Brain temperature is an important variable in determining the outcome of cerebral ischemia; increases in core temperature escalate neural damage whereas decreases in core temperature reduce damage. Fever induction often occurs in patients prior to or as a direct or indirect result of the ischemic insult, with a worsened stroke outcome, compared with non-febrile ischemic patients. Most importantly, post-ischemic hypothermia reduces long term neural damage and associated behavioral deficits in animals studied for up to a year after the ischemic insult. This review discusses the importance of monitoring the brain temperature of stroke patients and implemention of therapeutic thermoregulatory strategies to reduce the temperature of ischemic patients.
A new recording system of eye movements with charge coupled device(CCD) image-sensor. (1988)

We developed a new recording system of eye movements with a CCD image-sensor in a video-camera. Eye movements are recorded as movements of the pupil which are pictured with a CCD image-sensor. The eye movements, which we can watch on green display, are recorded simultaneously on recording papers. The recordings are stored on floppy disks and analyzed by a computer off-line.We can record not only horizontal but also vertical eye movements with our recording system. The noise level of this system is below 1% while the recording area is ±15° in the horizontal plane and is ±10° in the vertical plane. There are high linearities in eye positions and no drifts of base lines in recording.The clinical uses of this system are as follows: 1 Precise recordings of abnormal eye movements. 2 Quantitative analysis of horizontal and vertical smooth pursuits. 3 Quantitative analysis of eye drift on fixation.
A comparison of calculated damage from square waves and triangular waves (2012)

Damage in plate impacts of 50 kbar and 30 kbar Cu, has been simulated with the traditional square wave loading profile of plate impacts and a triangular loading profile to study the time dependence of the damage evolution. At 30 kbar loading the square wave loading produces complete fracture while the triangular wave loading does not, similar to experiments by Koller et al. The calculated stress and strain loading histories are compared to provide insight for this result. The damage process in the triangular loading simply stops before fracture due to lack of kinetic energy.
Impact of mandibular advancement therapy on endothelial function in severe obstructive sleep apnoea (2017)

This study aimed to determine whether treatment with mandibular advancement device, the main alternative to continuous positive airway pressure, improves endothelial function in patients with severe OSA. We randomized patients with severe OSA and no medical history of cardiovascular disease to receive 2 months of treatment with either effective mandibular advancement device or a sham device. The primary outcome, change in reactive hyperemia index, a validated measurement of endothelial function, was assessed on intention-to-treat bases. An embedded micro sensor objectively measured treatment compliance. 150 patients [86% males; mean (SD) age, 54 (10); median [IQR] apnea-hypopnoea index, 41 [35-53]; mean Epworth sleepiness scale, 9.3 (4.2)] were randomized to effective mandibular advancement device (n=75) or sham device (n=75). In the intention-to-treat analysis, effective mandibular advancement device therapy was not associated with an improvement in endothelial function when compared to sham device. Office and ambulatory blood pressure outcomes did not differ between the 2 groups. Effective mandibular advancement device therapy was associated with significant improvements in apnea-hypopnea index (p&lt;0.001), micro-arousal index (p=0.008), symptoms of snoring, fatigue and sleepiness (p&lt;0.001). Mean objective compliance was 6.6 (1.4) h/night with effective mandibular advancement device <i>vs</i> 5.6 (2.3) h/night with sham device (p=0.006). <h3>Conclusion</h3> In moderately sleepy patients with severe OSA, mandibular advancement therapy reduced OSA severity and related symptoms with no effect on endothelial function and blood pressure despite high treatment compliance.
Placing Virtual Machines to Optimize Cloud Gaming Experience (2014)

Optimizing cloud gaming experience is no easy task due to the complex tradeoff between gamer quality of experience (QoE) and provider net profit. We tackle the challenge and study an optimization problem to maximize the cloud gaming provider's total profit while achieving just-good-enough QoE. We conduct measurement studies to derive the QoE and performance models. We formulate and optimally solve the problem. The optimization problem has exponential running time, and we develop an efficient heuristic algorithm. We also present an alternative formulation and algorithms for closed cloud gaming services with dedicated infrastructures, where the profit is not a concern and overall gaming QoE needs to be maximized. We present a prototype system and testbed using off-the-shelf virtualization software, to demonstrate the practicality and efficiency of our algorithms. Our experience on realizing the testbed sheds some lights on how cloud gaming providers may build up their own profitable services. Last, we conduct extensive trace-driven simulations to evaluate our proposed algorithms. The simulation results show that the proposed heuristic algorithms: (i) produce close-to-optimal solutions, (ii) scale to large cloud gaming services with 20,000 servers and 40,000 gamers, and (iii) outperform the state-of-the-art placement heuristic, e.g., by up to 3.5 times in terms of net profits.
Regulation of hepatic stem/progenitor phenotype by microenvironment stiffness in hydrogel models of the human liver stem cell niche (2020)

Human livers have maturational lineages of cells within liver acini, beginning periportally in stem cell niches, the canals of Hering, and ending in polyploid hepatocytes pericentrally and cholangiocytes in bile ducts. Hepatic stem cells (hHpSCs) in vivo are partnered with mesenchymal precursors to endothelia (angioblasts) and stellate cells, and reside in regulated microenvironments, stem cell niches, containing hyaluronans (HA). The in vivo hHpSC niche is modeled in vitro by growing hHpSC in two-dimensional (2D) cultures on plastic. We investigated effects of 3D microenvironment, mimicking the liver’s stem cell niche, on these hHpSCs by embedding them in HA-based hydrogels prepared with Kubota’s Medium (KM), a serum-free medium tailored for endodermal stem/progenitors. The KM-HA hydrogels mimicked the niches, matched diffusivity of culture medium, exhibited shear thinning and perfect elasticity under mechanical loading, and had predictable stiffness depending on their chemistry. KM-HA hydrogels, which supported cell attachment, survival and expansion of hHpSC colonies, induced transition of hHpSC colonies towards stable heterogeneous populations of hepatic progenitors depending on KM-HA hydrogel stiffness, as shown by both their gene and protein expression profile. These acquired phenotypes did not show morphological evidence of fibrotic responses. In conclusion, this study shows that the mechanical properties of the microenvironment can regulate differentiation in endodermal stem cell populations.
Agent-based model of aerial ad-hoc network market potential (2011)

An Aerial Ad-Hoc Network, which utilizes Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) technology, would allow multiple aircraft to communicate with each other in-flight and share an internet gateway. This paper presents a Monte-Carlo simulation that characterizes the network failure rates that could be expected. In addition, we construct an agent-based model of the aerial ad-hoc network market to determine the steady state user levels that can be expected for the system given individual user satisfaction with the internet service.
Analysis of confocal microscopy under ultrashort light-pulse illumination: reply to comment (1994)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Kempe and W. Rudolph, "Analysis of confocal microscopy under ultrashort light-pulse illumination: reply to comment," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11, 2744-2744 (1994) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Interviews with Developers (2012)

Futures Truth Company has interviewed some of the best minds in the system developing and trading industry. This chapter highlights interviews with of the developers namely Welles Wilder, Dr. John Clayburg, Keith Fitschen, Randy Stuckey, Dave Fox and many more. It helps to find wisdom and some good ideas to incorporate into trading ideas and systems. These interviews are from 2003, so while the events the interviewers describe are no longer current, the background and information about developing systems and the trading industry in general is still very much relevant today.
Metal‐free and One‐pot for the Synthesis of Indolo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline Aldehyde via a Free Radical Cascade Pathway followed by Direct Hydrolyzation (2022)

Abstract As one of the most versatile intermediate group in synthetic chemistry, the introduction of an aldehyde group into a specific moiety is important for the transformation of molecular structures. Herein, we provided a metal‐free, regioselective and one‐pot formylation of the indolo[2,1‐ a ]isoquinoline moiety. This strategy features an oxidative coupling process using commercially available 1,3‐dioxolane as a formylated reagent followed by direct hydrolyzation without a separation process. This reaction can be carried out under common reaction conditions and displays broad functional group tolerance.
A pathophysiology-based approach to the management of early priapism (2012)

Priapism is a rare condition that involves persistent penile erection for greater than 4 h. Distinct variants exist, each with unique characteristics. Ischemic priapism is a painful medical emergency that may occur as a result of veno-occlusion leading to hypoxia and tissue death. Recurrent bouts of ischemic priapism, or stuttering priapism, require treatment for individual attacks as well as long-term prevention. Non-ischemic priapism is associated with trauma and may be managed conservatively. Recent advances into the pathophysiology of priapism have allowed the development of treatment algorithms that specifically target the mechanisms involved. In this review, we outline the basics of smooth muscle contraction and describe how derangement of these pathways results in priapism. A pathophysiological approach to the treatment of priapism is proposed with duration-based algorithms presented to assist in management.
Photodermatology (2006)

The study of the biological effects of ultraviolet and visible light on the skin has expanded rapidly over the last 20 years, recognizing the clinical significance of light sensitive skin disorders. In this book the authors address all aspects of photodermatology by providing a clear straightforward introduction to these diseases, their investigati
Raman spectroelectrochemical studies and crystal structure of a binuclear copper(I) complex with a bridging diimine ligand (1996)

Raman spectroelectrochemical and X-ray crystallographic studies have been made for the binuclear copper(I) complex, [(Ph3P)2Cu(dpq)Cu(PPh3)2][BF4]2, where dpq is the bridging ligand 2,3-di(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline. The X-ray data show that the pyridine rings are twisted out of plane with respect to the quinoxaline ring which is itself non-planar. The UV/VIS spectra of the metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited state and those of the electrochemically reduced complex are similar. The resonance-Raman spectrum of the latter species exhibits little change in the frequency of the pyridinylquinoxaline inter-ring C–C bond stretching mode, compared to the ground elecronic state. This suggests minimum change in the inter-ring C–C bond order in the electrochemically or charge-transfer generated radical anion. Semiempirical molecular-orbital calculations on both the neutral dpq and radical anion show two near-degenerate lowest unoccupied orbitals in the neutral species. One is strongly bonding across the inter-ring C–C bond while the other is almost non-bonding. The Raman data suggest that it is this latter orbital which is populated in the transient and electrochemical experiments.
Constrained Phase Noise Estimation in OFDM Using Scattered Pilots Without Decision Feedback (2017)

In this paper, we consider an OFDM radio link corrupted by oscillator phase noise in the receiver, namely the problem of estimating and compensating for the impairment. To lessen the computational burden and delay incurred onto the receiver, we estimate phase noise using only scattered pilot subcarriers, i.e., no tentative symbol decisions are used in obtaining and improving the phase noise estimate. In particular, the phase noise estimation problem is posed as an unconstrained optimization problem whose minimizer suffers from the so-called amplitude and phase estimation error. These errors arise due to receiver noise, estimation from limited scattered pilot subcarriers and estimation using a dimensionality reduction model. It is empirically shown that, at high signal-to-noise-ratios, the phase estimation error is small. To reduce the amplitude estimation error, we restrict the minimizer to be drawn from the so-called phase noise geometry set when minimizing the cost function. The resulting optimization problem is a nonconvex program. However, using the S-procedure for quadratic equalities, we show that the optimal solution can be obtained by solving the convex dual problem. We also consider a less complex heuristic scheme that achieves the same objective of restricting the minimizer to the phase noise geometry set. Through simulations, we demonstrate improved coded bit-error-rate and phase noise estimation error performance when enforcing the phase noise geometry. For example, at high signal-to-noise-ratios, the probability density function of the phase noise estimation error exhibits thinner tails which results in lower bit-error-rate.
Prognostic significance of hypopigmentation in malignant melanoma (1987)

• It has been suggested that the presence of cutaneous hypopigmentation favorably influences the prognosis of patients with malignant melanoma (MM). To examine this possibility, we have compared the actual with the predicted survival of 46 patients with MM and hypopigmentation who were among 1130 patients with MM entered in a long-term prospective study of MM at the New York University Medical Center. The actual average five-year survival rate of the patients with MM and hypopigmentation (86.3%) was significantly better than predicted (74.8%) on the basis of the risk factors present in each patient at the time of entry into the study. The findings suggest that hypopigmentation is a factor that beneficially influences the prognosis of MM, and that the mechanisms that inhibit or destroy normal melanocytes in patients with MM may also slow the growth of this cancer. (<i>Arch Dermatol</i>1987;123:1053-1055)
Simulation Study of Emittance Growth from Coulomb Explosion in a Charge Separator System After Stripping (2016)

A computer 3D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation is used to examine the emittance growth of an intense heavy ion beam after a charge stripper. Multi-species dynamics of the bunched uranium beam with various charge states and including compensation electrons will be presented. The rms-emittance growth shows different behaviour in the horizontal, vertical and longitudinal planes, dependent on initial conditions, like a bunch size, beam current and phase space ellipse orientation. An optimization of initial parameters is therefore crucial for a successful and efficient post-acceleration. The role of the separation system and of co-moving electrons will be discussed for the example of the GSI-Unilac.