gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Classic American Philosophers. Peirce, James, Royce, Santayana, Dewey, Whitehead. (1951)

It is increasingly apparant that American philosophy has had its classical period, corresponding to the Greek classical period - Democritus through Aristotle; the medieval - Christian Abelard through Thomas Aquinas and Duns Scotus; The British - Bacon through Hume; and the German - Kant through Hegel. America's classical period began just after the Civil War and ended just before the Second World War. Its canon is already nearly fixed, and it includes six philosophers: Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, Josiah Royce, George Santayana, John Dewey, and Alfred North Whitehead. The primary purpose of this voume is to introduce these philosophers to readers who do not yet know their writings at first hand. The writings of each of these philosophers is enhanved by a thoughtful introduction to each. The volume as a whole is framed by a detailed introduction exlporing these philosopher's place in America's Classic Period of Philosophy. The book is perfect for beginning students of or enthusiasts about American philosophy and philosophy in general. The text is followed by an appendix which makes suggestions for further readings produced by these classic American philosophers.
Clustering of pericentromeres initiates in step 9 of spermiogenesis of the rat (Rattus norvegicus) and contributes to a well defined genome architecture in the sperm nucleus (1998)

Fluorescence in situ hybridization with centromeric, telomeric and whole chromosome paint probes was used to study nuclear topology in epididymal sperm as well as spermatids from testis tissue sections of the rat. Pericentromeric regions of 9 chromosomes of the rat (n=21) were labeled with a satellite I specific DNA probe. Pericentromeres showed few tandem associations in spermatids of steps 1-8 of spermiogenesis. At step 9, pericentromeric regions associated to form an elongated cluster in the spermatid nucleus. This arrangement was also seen in the sperm nucleus. FISH with telomere probes revealed numerous, variably arranged signals in round and elongated spermatids as well as sperm nuclei. Telomere signals showed a tendency for pairwise association which was more pronounced in elongated spermatid and epididymal sperm nuclei. FISH to DTT treated sperm suggested that telomeres reside at the periphery and that pericentromeres are located in the nuclear interior. Chromosome painting with rat chromosome 2 and 12 specific microdissection library probes showed that these chromosomes predominantly occupy compact and variably shaped territories during spermatid maturation. In elongated epididymal sperm nuclei chromosome 2 and 12 territories took up specific positions. We suppose that the associations of pericentromeres during step 9 render a well defined nuclear topology which facilitates the ordered compaction of the genome at subsequent stages.
“Just Reading” or Reading Plato’sLaws (2010)

Annabel Patterson tackles the hottest topic in literary studies today - `the Great Books debate - providing a superbly formulated moderate stance between the Western canon's radical oppponents and its zealous protectors.
Sensitive and Direct Assays for Functionally Active Plasminogen Activators (tissue-type and urokinase-type) in Plasma (1989)

A previously described bioimmunoassay for tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) has been modified in terms of antibody concentration and conditions of incubation to achieve a sensitivity range of approximately 5-500 IU/L of t-PA. A similar assay has been developed for urinary-type plasminogen activator (U-PA), also known as urokinase (UK), achieving a sensitivity range of approximately 5-500 X 10(-1) IU/L. The direct sensitive t-PA assay has been demonstrated to be a quantitative alternative to the traditional semiquantitative euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT) assay, with correlation coefficients of 0.967 and 0.914, depending on the laboratory where the ECLT was carried out. This assay has the added advantages of avoiding loss of t-PA or UK during the formation of the euglobulin fraction and of calibration in terms of International Standards for both t-PA and UK. With both these assays, it has been demonstrated that the enhanced fibrinolytic activity observed after exercise results from increased levels of t-PA while the level of UK in plasma remains unaltered. Free t-PA (10-60 IU/L) has been demonstrated in resting plasma, whereas the level of free UK activity was 50-100 IU/L. Venous occlusion of matched groups of subjects with and without deep venous thrombosis (DVT) showed a wide variation of response in t-PA levels in each group and no change in UK levels. There was no difference between the DVT and non-DVT groups, and this suggests that the notion of the "nonresponder" being more prone to thrombosis needs to be reexamined.
Transformer design for reducing the inrush current by asymmetrical winding (2005)

Abstract This study proposes a novel approach for designing transformers to reduce the inrush current using asymmetrical winding. Differently from traditional methods, the inrush current was reduced based on increasing the inrush equivalent inductance by changing the proportion of inner layer to outer layer in coil winding. To estimate the distributive ratio of winding, the formulae of the inrush equivalent inductance and the leakage inductance are calculated from the structural parameters of the transformer. By theoretical analyses, an optimum distributive ratio of coil winding is presented. Experimental results confirm that inrush current can be reduced concurrently with appropriate voltage regulation and short‐circuit current in transformer. Key words: asymmetrical winding configurationdistributive ratio of windinginrush equivalent inductanceleakage inductance Notes Corresponding author. (Tel: 886–6–2757575 ext. 62353; Fax: 886–6–2345482; Email: chenjf@mail.ncku.edu.tw)
Energy Filtered Electron Backscattering Images of 10-nm NbC and AIN Precipitates in Steels Computed by Monte Carlo Simulations (1996)

In modern materials science, it is important to improve the resolution of the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) because small phases play a crutial role in the properties of materials. The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) is the tool of choice for imaging small phases embedded in a given matrix. However, this technique is expensive and also is slow owing to specimen preparation. In this context, it is important to improve spatial resolution of the SEM. In electron backscattering images, it is well know that the backscattered electrons have an energetic distribution when they escape the specimen.The electrons having loss less energy are those which have travelled less in the specimen and thus escape closer to the electron beam. So, in filtering the energy of the backscattering electron and keeping those which have loss only a small amount of energy to create the image, a significant improvement of the resolution of such images is expected. New detectors are now under development to take advantage of this technique of imaging.
Monitoring the Level of Anesthesia by Automatic Analysis of Spontaneous EEG Activity (1975)

Recent advances in the fields of automatic EEG analysis and pattern recognition provide a valuable new perspective for reconsidering the question of whether or not the level of anesthesia can be reliably estimated by analyzing spontaneous EEG activity. The feasibility of developing a computer-based EEG pattern recognition system capable of continuously estimating the level of anesthesia of patients during surgical operations is investigated in this paper. Anesthetists were asked to define five clinically significant levels of anesthesia for a commonly used anesthetic in terms of meaningful non-EEG criteria. The subsequent development of various EEG pattern recognition systems in an attempt to reliably estimate the levels of anesthesia as determined by the non-EEG criteria is described. All such systems employ Bayes decision rule under the assumption that pattern features are statistically independent. System performance is evaluated in terms of the estimated probability of misclassification error. Systems based on the recognition of spectral or frequency-domain EEG patterns are compared to those based on the recognition of time-domain EEG patterns.
Anti-Osteoporotics for New Century: Now and Then (2005)

In 2003, WHO compiled its final evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of the 20th century drugs prescribed for postmenopausal osteoporosis (1). Four criteria selected for evaluation were increase in bone mineral density (BMD), and decrease in each fracture rate of vertebral, non-vertebral and hip. Among 16 types of drug intervention, only estrogens and two Nbisphosphonates (alendronate and risedronate)scored positive evidence in every criterion, Ca + vitamin D in three (except vertebral), and raloxifene only in BMD and vertebral. Prevention trials by Ca + vitamin D tends to give variable results (2). All of these drugs are intrinsically bone-protective and not bone-anabolic. Intervention by PTH(1-34), a classical bone anabolic drug, was not available in the old century. The WHO evaluation in general agrees well with the one by the WHI group, indicating that our society still needs more understanding of bone biology in one hand and development of novel drugs, the other.
Study of the integration of a supersonic impulse turbine in a NH3/H2O absorption heat pump for combined cooling and power production from a low temperature heat source (2021)

The present work is focused on the investigation of an absorption cycle integrated with an impulse axial turbine for the combined production of cooling and electric power. This technology holds great promise for its ability to harness low-temperature heat sources, more effciently in comparison to separate production with simple cycles. By developing a 1D model of the expander, and integrating it into a 0D model of the complete cycle, it is possible to evaluate the performance of the cycle and its variation with respect to the operating parameters, namely the temperature of the external resources. Pending an experimental validation of the results, this study showed the importance of correctly defining the temperature of the sources - namely the generator temperature - in order to satisfy the technological needs while also maximising the effciency of the cycle. Finally it was highlighted how the integration of a supersonic impulse turbine strongly limits the flexibility during operation given the constant mass flow rate treated by the expander.
Advances in 3D Seismic Survey Design (1998)

Abstract While 3D seismic surveys have dramatically increased in number, site, and importance over the last decade, the techniques used to design and plan these surveys have only slowly evolved.
Development of endovascular stent-grafts (2007)

The very first experiences in the early 1990s with endovascular aortic stent-grafts were associated with significant numbers of complications including an inability to deploy the stent-graft, conversion to open surgery, and aneurysm rupture. By the mid-1990s, improved home-made and commercially available stent-grafts started to appear. These devices could be successfully deployed in the aorta, achieving aneurysm exclusion with low morbidity and mortality. However, follow-up results raised concerns about the longer-term durability. Gradually, too, these problems have been addressed such that, in the recent UK multi-centre randomized controlled trial of endovascular versus open aneurysm repair, aneurysm-related mortality was 3 per cent less in the endovascular group four years following surgery. Currently the indications for aortic stent-grafts are being expanded. It is now possible to maintain perfusion successfully in aortic side branches and to treat aneurysms that would have once been thought untreatable. This review paper reviews the main developments in endovascular stent-grafting and the major role played by medical engineering and technology.
Peer Assisted Study Sessions (PASS): Through a Complexity Lens. (2010)

Although the Supplemental Instruction (SI) model is offered in a wide range of contexts across many educational institutions in 29 countries, it maintains an identifiable essence. Each SI program, known in Australia as PASS, tends to operate autonomously within its particular institution while maintaining some of the features that interlink all programs that formally identify with this model. These features include near peers facilitating collaborative learning situations that improve attendees’ learning outcomes and increase retention. This paper suggests that complexity theory provides a useful conceptual lens for analysing this multifaceted and multilayered peer learning model. Dimensions of complexity such as self-organisation, fractality, dynamism and emergence seem to offer ways of seeing and sense making that can enhance our understanding of the SI/PASS model, both organisationally and pedagogically. In this initial exploration of complexity and SI/PASS, particularly in its organisational features, I hope to foster conversations that will consider the implications and opportunities of seeing this particular peer learning approach as self-organising, dynamic and emergent.
Reductive cleavage of polycyclic oxetanes (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReductive cleavage of polycyclic oxetanesRonald R. Sauers, William Schinski, Marion M. Mason, Elizabeth O'Hara, and Bryan ByrneCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 4, 642–646Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00944a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (681 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Randomized Trial of Reducing Ambulatory Malpractice and Safety Risk (2017)

A consortium of stakeholders, quality improvement tools, coaches, and learning network decreased selected ambulatory safety risks often seen in malpractice claims.
Eight‐channel transmit/receive body MRI coil at 3T (2007)

Multichannel transmit magnetic resonance imaging (MR) systems have the potential to compensate for signal-intensity variations occurring at higher field strengths due to wave propagation effects in tissue. Methods such as RF shimming and local excitation in combination with parallel transmission can be applied to compensate for these effects. Moreover, parallel transmission can be applied to ease the excitation of arbitrarily shaped magnetization patterns. The implementation of these methods adds new requirements in terms of MRI hardware. This article describes the design of a decoupled eight-element transmit/receive body coil for 3T. The setup of the coil is explained, starting with standard single-channel resonators. Special focus is placed on the decoupling of the elements to obtain independent RF resonators. After a brief discussion of the underlying theory, the properties and limitations of the coil are outlined. Finally, the functionality and capabilities of the coil are demonstrated using RF measurements as well as MRI sequences.
Iron porphyrin dependent oxidation of methyl- and phenylhydrazine: isolation of iron(II)-diazene and .sigma.-alkyliron(III) [or aryliron(III)] complexes. Relevance to the reactions of hemoproteins with hydrazines (1983)

International audience
Unusual carotenoid composition and a new type of xanthophyll cycle in plants (1999)

The capture of photons by the photosynthetic apparatus is the first step in photosynthesis in all autotrophic higher plants. This light capture is dominated by pigment-containing proteins known as light-harvesting complexes (LHCs). The xanthophyll-carotenoid complement of these LHCs (neoxanthin, violaxanthin, and lutein) is highly conserved, with no deletions and few, uncommon additions. We report that neoxanthin, considered an integral component of LHCs, is stoichiometrically replaced by lutein-5,6-epoxide in the parasitic angiosperm Cuscuta reflexa, without compromising the structural integrity of the LHCs. Lutein-5,6-epoxide differs from neoxanthin in that it is involved in a light-driven deepoxidation cycle similar to the deepoxidation of violaxanthin in the xanthophyll cycle, which is implicated in protection against photodamage. The absence of neoxanthin and its replacement by lutein-5,6-epoxide changes our understanding of the structure-function relationship in LHCs, has implications for biosynthetic pathways involving neoxanthin (such as the plant hormone abscisic acid), and identifies one of the early steps associated with the evolution of heterotrophy from autotrophy in plants.
Network Design Methods for Minimizing Number of Links Added to a Network to Alleviate Performance Degradation Following a Link Failure (2011)

When a link or node fails in a network, the affected flows are automatically rerouted. This increases the hop counts of the flows, which can drastically degrade network performance. Keeping the hop lengths as stable as possible, i.e., minimizing the difference in hop length between the original flow and the rerouted flow is important for network reliability. Therefore, network service providers need a method for designing networks that stabilizes the flow hop length and maintains connectivity during a link or node failure with limited investment cost. First, we formulate the network design problem used for determining the set of links to be added that satisfies the required constraints on flow hop length stability, connectivity, and node degree. Next, we prove that this problem is NP-complete and present two approximation algorithms for the optimization problem so as to minimize the number of links added. Evaluation of the performance of these algorithms by using 39 backbone networks of commercial ISPs and networks generated by two well-known models showed that the proposed algorithms provide effective solutions in sufficiently short computation time.
Institutional Memory Preservation at NASA Glenn Research Center (1999)

In this era of downsizing and deficit reduction, the preservation of institutional memory is a widespread concern for U.S. companies and governmental agencies. The National Aeronautical and Space Administration faces the pending retirement of many of the agency's long-term, senior engineers. NASA has a marvelous long-term history of success, but the agency faces a recurring problem caused by the loss of these engineers' unique knowledge and perspectives on NASA's role in aeronautics and space exploration. The current work describes a knowledge elicitation effort aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of preserving the more personal, heuristic knowledge accumulated over the years by NASA engineers, as contrasted with the textbook knowledge of launch vehicles. Work on this project was performed at NASA Glenn Research Center and elsewhere, and focused on launch vehicle systems integration. The initial effort was directed toward an historic view of the Centaur upper stage which is powered by two RL-10 engines. Various experts were consulted, employing a variety of knowledge elicitation techniques, regarding the Centaur and RL-10. Their knowledge is represented in searchable Web-based multimedia presentations. This paper discusses the various approaches to knowledge elicitation and knowledge representation employed, and assesses successes and challenges in trying to perform large-scale knowledge preservation of institutional memory. It is anticipated that strategies for knowledge elicitation and representation that have been developed in this grant will be utilized to elicit knowledge in a variety of domains including the complex heuristics that underly use of simulation software packages such as that being explored in the Expert System Architecture for Rocket Engine Numerical Simulators.
Frank Waxham and Charles Truax's Intubation of the Larynx (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Separation and biologic activities of individual components of S15-1, a streptothricin class antibiotic. (1981)

A method is described for isolation of gram quantities of the components of the streptothricin complex S15-1 utilizing CM Sephadex column chromatography eluted with 10% acetic acid as an eluant followed by gradient elution with 10% acetic acid containing 0.02 N approximately 0.03 N HCI. Streptothricins F and E, as well as an unidentified component C1, have been isolated and their comparative biological activities determined. Streptothricins F and E were comparable in taeniacidal activity in mice infected with Hymenolepis nana ia feeding either one at 0.05% in the diet removed 92 approximately 100% of the adult tapeworms. The unidentified component C1 was inactive at the levels tested. In contrast, component C1 was the most active in antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis and in inhibiting the urease activity of proteus mirabilis. In the former test, the ratios of activity were; 1:7:30 for F:E:C1 and in the latter; 1:2:4 for F:E:C1.
An active noise control system using online secondary path modeling with reduced auxiliary noise (2002)

In an active noise control (ANC) system using the filtered-x least mean square (FxLMS) algorithm, an online secondary path modeling method that uses an injected auxiliary noise is often applied. Such a method allows quick and full-band signal-independent modeling. In addition, it is suitable for multisecondary path modeling. Normally, the larger the auxiliary noise, the faster an accurate model can be obtained. However, it increases the residual noise of the ANC system. To mitigate this problem, in this letter, a new online secondary path modeling method is proposed. Rather than fixed, the power of auxiliary noise is varied according to the working status of the ANC system. More specifically, the auxiliary noise is large before the ANC system converges, and becomes small when the system converges. Computer simulations show its effectiveness and robustness.