gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cross-referencing social media and public surveillance camera data for disaster response (2018)

Physical media (like surveillance cameras) and social media (like Instagram and Twitter) may both be useful in attaining on-the-ground information during an emergency or disaster situation. However, the intersection and reliability of both surveillance cameras and social media during a natural disaster are not fully understood. To address this gap, we tested whether social media is of utility when physical surveillance cameras went off-line during Hurricane Irma in 2017. Specifically, we collected and compared geo-tagged Instagram and Twitter posts in the state of Florida during times and in areas where public surveillance cameras went off-line. We report social media content and frequency and content to determine the utility for emergency managers or first responders during a natural disaster.
Delay-induced destabilization of entrainment of nerve impulses on ephaptically coupled nerve fibers (2009)

We study the effect of delay on the synchronization of two nerve impulses traveling along two ephaptically coupled, unmyelinated nerve fibers. The system is modeled as a pair of delay-coupled Fitzhugh-Nagumo equations. A multiple-scale perturbation approach is used for the analysis of these equations in the limit of weak coupling. In the absence of delay, two pulses with identical speeds are shown to be entrained precisely. However, as the delay is increased beyond a critical value, we show that this precise entrainment becomes unstable. We make quantitative estimates for the actual values of delay at which this can occur in the case of squid giant axons and compare them with the relevant time scales involved.
Compression and thermal conductivity tests of Cryogel® Z for use in the ultra-transparent cryostats of FCC detector solenoids (2020)

Abstract The Future Circular Collider (FCC) study includes the design of the detector magnets for the FCC-ee+ (electron-positron) collider, requiring a 2 T solenoid for particle spectrometry, and for the FCC-hh (proton-proton) collider, with a 4 T detector solenoid. For both solenoids and their cryostats, CERN is developing an innovative and challenging design in which the solenoids are positioned inside the calorimeters, directly surrounding the inner tracker. For this purpose, the cryostats must be optimized to have maximum radiation transparency. They are structured as a sandwich of thinnest possible metallic shells for achieving vacuum tightness, supported by layers of low density and highly radiation transparent insulation material, still providing sufficient mechanical resistance and low thermal conductivity. In this respect, thermal and mechanical analysis of innovative insulation materials are currently being carried out. The first material of interest, Cryogel® Z, is shaped as a flexible composite blanket, which combines silica aerogel with reinforcing fibers and a density of 160 kg/m 3 . It allows a 4 m bore, 6 m long FCC-ee+ detector solenoid cryostat with a total thickness of 250 mm. CERN has investigated the compression of Cryogel® Z under 1 bar equivalent mechanical load and its thermal conductivity between 10 K and room temperature, as well as the critical phenomena of thermal shrinkage and outgassing. We present the test results, as a first overview on the material.
Protection and Deprotection of Acetals by Using MoO3/SiO2 (2006)

Abstract Acetalization of aldehydes using a new silica‐supported molybdenum(VI) oxide (20%) catalyst has been explored. Additionally, facile deprotection strategy for the acetals is reported including the results from the replacement of solvent studies. The protocol achieved the protection O,O‐acetals in excellent yield within a few hours under neutral conditions and also deprotection of aromatic O,O‐acetals in excellent yields was achieved within a few minutes in aqueous acetone.
Acute and Long-Term Hemodynamic Effects of MitraClip Implantation on a Preexisting Secondary Right Heart Failure (2018)

Positive results of MitraClip in terms of improvement in clinical and left ventricular parameters have been described in detail. However, long-term effects on secondary pulmonary hypertension were not investigated in a larger patient cohort to date. 70 patients with severe mitral regurgitation, additional pulmonary hypertension, and right heart failure as a result of left heart disease were treated in the heart centers Hamburg and Göttingen. Immediately after successful MitraClip implantation, a reduction of the RVOT diameter from 3.52 cm to 3.44 cm was observed reaching a statistically significant value of 3.39 cm after 12 months. In contrast, there was a significant reduction in the velocity of the tricuspid regurgitation (TR) from 4.17 m/s to 3.11 m/s, the gradient of the TR from 48.5 mmHg to 39.3 mmHg, and the systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAPsyst) from 58.6 mmHg to 50.0 mmHg. This decline continued in the following months (V<sub>max</sub> TR 3.09 m/s, peak TR 38.6 mmHg, and PAPsyst 47.4 mmHg). The tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) increased from 16.5 mm to 18.9 mm after 12 months. MitraClip implantation improves pulmonary artery pressure, tricuspid regurgitation, and TAPSE after 12 months. At the same time, there is a decrease in the RVOT diameter without significant changes in other right ventricular and right atrial dimensions.
A high performance OTDR for measuring distributed strain and optical loss (1996)

We developed a new optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) method for measuring both strain and optical loss distribution along optical fibers by unifying Brillouin OTDR and coherent OTDR. The new OTDR is promising not only for low cost optical network maintenance but also for large building diagnostics.
Improved formation of silicon dioxide films in liquid phase deposition (1998)

This work is to reveal the novel technique of liquid phase deposition silicon dioxide (SiO2) films which will increase the deposition rate and also improve the film quality. It is well known that deposition at a lower temperature without residual OH− on the substrate is difficult to achieve. Therefore, it is important to treat the substrate wafer before deposition. The substrate surface dipped into hydrofluoric acid (HF) is usually terminated with hydrogen (H) and has hydrides (Si–H) which react with water so that hydroxyls (Si–OH) can be obtained. No silicon dioxide can be grown on a clean Si substrate without native oxide. Therefore, a model is proposed to show that native oxide growth with chemical pretreatment of HF and ultrapure deionized water has rich hydroxyl (OH) molecules on surface in order to grow silicon dioxide. Another constant parameter, the growth rate of SiO2 is found to increase linearly with the time of reaction with ultrapure deionized water. At the same concentration of boric acid and hydrofluosilicic acid, the corresponding deposition rate of SiO2 is found to be about 70 Å/h larger than the films which are grown without reacting with chemical pretreatment of HF and ultrapure deionized water. In this study, the refractive index and deposition rate are found to be as high as 1.47 and 1400 Å/h, respectively. Good and reliable quality SiO2 film grown in this work was supported by various analytical techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared, Auger electron spectroscopy, refractive index measurement, etching rate measurement, and leakage current measurement.
Response to comments on “A New Composite Eyeball-Periorbital Transplantation Model in Humans (2018)

For more than 70 years Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery® has been the one consistently excellent reference for every specialist who uses plastic surgery techniques or works in conjunction with a plastic surgeon. The journal brings readers up-to-the-minute reports on the latest techniques and follow-up for maxillofacial reconstruction, burn repair, cosmetic reshaping, as well as news on medicolegal issues. The cosmetic section provides expanded coverage on new procedures and techniques.
Study protocol to quantify the genetic architecture of sonographic cervical length and its relationship to spontaneous preterm birth (2022)

The proposed analyses will be conducted using deidentified data from participants in an IRB-approved study of longitudinal cervical length who provided blood samples and written informed consent for their use in future genetic research. These analyses are preregistered with the Center for Open Science using the AsPredicted format and the results and genomic summary statistics will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Linked Data for Learning Analytics: Potentials and Challenges (2017)

The emergence of massive open online courses (MOOCs) and the open data initiative have led to a change in the way educational opportunities are offered by shifting from a university-centric model to a multi-platform environments include not only diverse online learning platforms, but also social media applications (e.g., SlideShare, YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, or LinkedIn) data and resources. Henceforth, learning is now occurring in various forms and settings, both at the formal (university courses) and informal (social media, MOOC) levels. This has led to a dispersion of learner data across various platforms and tools, and brought across various environments for a comprehensive connectivist MOOC (cMOOC). In cMOOCs, learning, but relies on a range of dedicated online learning applications as well as social media and networking applications for sharing information and resources among learners (Siemens, 2005). These developments led to new requirements and imposed new challenges for both data collection and use.
Weapons of Mass Distraction - America's Army Recruits for the Real War (presentation to the Naval War College Strategic Studies Group) (2002)

at the Naval War College Strategic Studies Group
The Diagnosis of Mood Disorders (2013)

Mood disorders have been described by physicians since antiquity. Current categorical approaches to mood disorder diagnosis have undergone much study and revision, and have yielded some useful clinical and neurobiologic findings. However, current categorical approaches to mood disorder diagnosis have also presented problems for clinical care and research, including as yet limited prognostic and treatment predictive power, as well as weak associations with biomarkers and risk-conferring genes. Improved empirical efforts to understand mood disorder subtypes, extra-syndromic behavioral components, and cross-syndromic dimensional constructs, may serve better to elucidate candidate mechanisms for neurobiologic investigation and treatment intervention.
A novel mouse model with impaired dynein/dynactin function develops amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-like features in motor neurons and improves lifespan in SOD1-ALS mice (2008)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration and muscle paralysis. Genetic evidence from man and mouse has indicated that mutations in the dynein/dynactin motor complex are correlated with motor neuron degeneration. In this study, we have generated transgenic mice with neuron-specific expression of Bicaudal D2 N-terminus (BICD2-N) to chronically impair dynein/dynactin function. Motor neurons expressing BICD2-N showed accumulation of dynein and dynactin in the cell body, Golgi fragmentation and several signs of impaired retrograde trafficking: the appearance of giant neurofilament swellings in the proximal axon, reduced retrograde labelling by tracer injected in the muscle and delayed expression of the injury transcription factor ATF3 after axon transection. Despite these abnormalities, BICD2-N mice did not develop signs of motor neuron degeneration and motor abnormalities. Interestingly, the BICD2-N transgene increased lifespan in 'low copy' SOD1-G93A ALS transgenic mice. Our findings indicate that impaired dynein/dynactin function can explain several pathological features observed in ALS patients, but may be beneficial in some forms of ALS.
Considerations for Second-Line Therapy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (2008)

For patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and a good functional status, platinum-based first-line chemotherapy improves quality of life, reduces disease-related symptoms, and improves survival. The addition of bevacizumab to carboplatin and paclitaxel in the first-line setting has been shown to produce a higher response rate and longer progression-free survival and overall survival times than with carboplatin and paclitaxel. Despite these therapies, all patients inevitably experience disease progression. There are currently three agents approved for treating patients who progress after one prior regimen: docetaxel, pemetrexed, and erlotinib. Erlotinib is also indicated for patients who progress after two prior regimens. These agents appear to have similar efficacies in terms of response and overall survival, but have significantly different toxicity profiles. Currently, the choice of agent depends on a number of factors, including the patient's comorbidities, toxicity from previous treatments, the risk for neutropenia, smoking history, and patient preference. A better understanding of prognostic factors in the second-line setting may allow clinicians to better select patients for second-line therapy, and lead to better-designed second-line trials. Patients with a good performance status in second-line trials have a median survival duration of approximately 9 months, and may receive two second-line therapies during the course of their treatment. Several new agents have shown activity in phase II trials, and may be integrated into second-line therapy as single agents or in combination with current agents in the future.
Phenomenological description of bright domain walls in ferroelectric-antiferroelectric layered chalcogenides (2020)

Recently, a layered ferroelectric $\mathrm{CuIn}{\mathrm{P}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{6}$ was shown to exhibit domain walls with locally enhanced piezoresponse---a striking departure from the observations of nominally zero piezoresponse in most ferroelectrics. Although it was proposed that such ``bright'' domain walls are phase boundaries between ferri- and antiferroelectrically ordered regions of the materials, the physical mechanisms behind the existence and response of these boundaries remain to be understood. Here, using Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire phenomenology combined with a four sublattices model, we describe quantitatively the bright-contrast and dark-contrast domain boundaries between the antiferroelectric, ferroelectric, or ferrielectric long-range-ordered phases in a layered ferroelectric-antiferroelectric ferroics, such as $\mathrm{CuIn}{\mathrm{P}}_{2}{({\mathrm{S}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Se}}_{y})}_{6}$.
Embedded Genesio-Tesi chaotic generator for ciphering communications (2010)

In this paper, we propose a hardware implementation to conceiver an embedded chaotic key generator based on the Genesio-Tesi system for designing a real-time secure symmetric encryption scheme. This proposed architecture is particularly attractive since it provides a low cost data encryption for securing communications of embedded systems while still providing a good trade-off between performance and hardware resources. Our experimental results have demonstrated the feasibility and the efficiency in terms of throughput and resources cost required on Xilinx FPGA Virtex II technology.
Enzymatic activities in cultured human lymphocytes that dephosphorylate dolichyl pyrophosphate and dolichyl phosphate. (1980)

Enzymatic activities which dephosphorylate dolichyl phosphate (Dol-P) and dolichyl pyrophosphate (Dol-P-P) have been observed in membranes from cultured human lymphocytes. Neither activity requires divalent metals. Dol-P phosphatase is inhibited by inorganic phosphate but not by other phosphate-containing compounds. Dol-P-P phosphatase is inhibited by bacitracin but not by phosphate-containing compounds including the methylene analogue of pyrophosphate. These reactions are similar to those previously found in the cycle of bacterial wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis. A chemical synthesis of [32P]Dol-P and [32P]Dol-P-P is reported.
Office Flexible Cystoscopy (1987)

Since the development of the first purpose-built flexible cystoscope in 1984, flexible cystoscopy has become an accepted diagnostic and therapeutic modality. Indeed, it is estimated that more than 10 per cent of practicing urologists are already familiar with this technology. The flexible cystoscope has markedly extended the urologist's ability to examine the bladder, and it has become a valuable adjunct to the rigid cystoscope. Although the operation of this instrument is vastly different from that of its rigid counterpart, with practice, the technique can be learned. After experience is obtained with diagnostic flexible cystoscopy, the urologist will likely prefer this new instrument for bladder inspection, as it provides for a more thorough yet less morbid and less expensive examination. In the future, the development of improved and smaller instrumentation will further extend the therapeutic indications for flexible cystoscopy. Indeed, advances in laser technology are already providing the urologist with 300- to 600-micron (0.9 to 1.8F) flexible probes capable of incision (KTP laser), fulguration (Nd:YAG laser), and stone disintegration (tunable dye laser). Lastly, the skills obtained in using the flexible cystoscope are all readily applicable to the development of dexterity with the already available flexible nephroscope and the more recently developed flexible ureteroscope.
Protection against Vaccinia Virus Challenge by CD8 Memory T Cells Resolved by Molecular Mimicry (2006)

Live vaccinia virus (VV) vaccination has been highly successful in eradicating smallpox. However, the mechanisms of immunity involved in mediating this protective effect are still poorly understood, and the roles of CD8 T-cell responses in primary and secondary VV infections are not clearly identified. By applying the concept of molecular mimicry to identify potential CD8 T-cell epitopes that stimulate cross-reactive T cells specific to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and VV, we identified after screening only 115 peptides two VV-specific immunogenic epitopes that mediated protective immunity against VV. An immunodominant epitope, VV-e7r130, did not generate cross-reactive T-cell responses to LCMV, and a subdominant epitope, VV-a11r198, did generate cross-reactive responses to LCMV. Infection with VV induced strong epitope-specific responses which were stable into long-term memory and peaked at the time virus was cleared, consistent with CD8 T cells assisting in the control of VV. Two different approaches, direct adoptive transfer of VV-e7r-specific CD8 T cells and prior immunization with a VV-e7r-expressing ubiquitinated minigene, demonstrated that memory CD8 T cells alone could play a significant role in protective immunity against VV. These studies suggest that exploiting cross-reactive responses between viruses may be a useful tool to complement existing technology in predicting immunogenic epitopes to large viruses, such as VV, leading to a better understanding of the role CD8 T cells play during these viral infections.
Inverse Filter of Sound Reproduction Systems Using Regularization (1997)

&lt;p&gt;We present a very fast method for calculating an inverse filter for audio reproduction system. The proposed method of FFT-based inverse filter design, which combines the well-known principles of least squares optimization and regularization, can be used for inverting systems comprising any number of inputs and outputs. The method was developed for the purpose of designing digital filters for multi-channel sound reproduction. It is typically several hundred times faster than a conventional steepest descent algorithm implemented in the time domain. A matrix of causal inverse FIR (finite impulse response) filters is calculated by optimizing the performance of the filters at a large number of discrete frequencies. Consequently, this deconvolution method is useful only when it is feasible in practice to use relatively long inverse filters. The circular convolution effect in the time domain is controlled by zeroth-order regularization of the inversion problem. It is necessary to set the regularization parameter β to an appropriate value, but the exact value of β is usually not critical. For single-channel systems, a reliable numerical method for determining β without the need for subjective assessment is given. The deconvolution method is based on the analysis of a matrix of exact least squares inverse filters. The positions of the poles of those filters are shown to be particularly important.&lt;/p&gt;
18F‐Radiolabeling of Aromatic Compounds Using Triarylsulfonium Salts (2012)

Abstract A new method for the 18 F‐radiolabeling of aromatic compounds based on the aromatic nucleophilic substitution (S N Ar) reaction using triarylsulfonium salts has been developed. Experiments and DFT calculations indicated that sulfonium ions have the potential to be optimized for labeling nonactivated and deactivated aryl rings that have Hammett σ P substituent constants greater than –0.170. This method is applicable to a range of halogen‐substituted aryl systems including nonactivated and deactivated aryl rings. In particular, the high radiochemical yield of [ 18 F]‐4‐fluoroiodobenzene from precursor 1a represents a ready source of compound 1b for subsequent use in palladium‐catalyzed C–H activation/C–C bond‐forming reactions.
Ferromagnetic interaction in poly(m-aniline): Electron spin resonance and magnetic susceptibility (1992)

Ferromagnetic interaction among the spins in poly(m-aniline) has been suggested by electron spin resonance and magnetic susceptibility measured at low temperatures. From the g-value analysis, these spins are found to be located on nitrogens although they are in some degree delocalized on phenyl rings. Doping of this polymer with iodine leads to an increase in the spin concentration up to 1020 spins⋅(g-polymer)−1. Saturation magnetization of 0.30 emu⋅G⋅g−1 and spin clusters of S=1 are observed in the iodine-doped polymer from the temperature and field dependence of the magnetization. Through-bond interaction, depending on the topology of a polymer skeleton, is considered to operate between rather distant spins through the spin polarization with antiferromagnetic array of the phenyl rings.
Agreement patterns between multiple informants in adolescents' behavioral assessment: clinical implications (2011)

A comprehensive assessment includes information obtained with multiple informants, including the adolescent himself, who offers a unique perspective of the case. In order to verify agreement patterns between parents and youths on the assessment of behavioral problems, and to discuss the clinical implications of the differences, the self-report of 66 adolescents referred for psychological treatment, on the YSR, was compared with the parents’ report of their children’s behavior, on the CBCL. Parents reported more behavioral problems in terms of scores and in number of clinical cases identified by the instruments. The possible reasons for the
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Decarboxylation — An Emerging Reaction for Chemicals Production from Renewable Resources (2014)

Abstract Review: 128 refs.