gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
REQUIRED GRADUATE ATTRIBUTES IN HONG KONG AND THEIR RELATIVE IMPORTANCE (2015)

Massification of higher education in Hong Kong and elsewhere has triggered public’s concern about the possible fall or already falling in its quality. To gauge higher education quality, a set of quantifiable attributes is needed. The purposes of this study are to construct a quality hierarchy for higher education consisting of dimensions, aspects, and items; and prioritize attribute aspects and items among stakeholders – employers, academics and college administrators, college graduates, and tertiary students. A total of 530 questionnaires were collected. Ordinal Likert scale data were converted into interval-ratio logits using Rasch models with the computer software Winsteps. Multidimensionality was found using Rasch analysis and linear factor analysis. Different stakeholder groups had different views on quite a few attributes. For example, employers ranked ‘sense of responsibility and commitment’; academics and graduates ranked ‘problem-solving ability’, and students ranked ‘expression of ideas in oral English’ the most important. This may explain why students at times complain about having to take courses outside their discipline and provides insight to college program developers how to align different perspectives of stakeholders.
In Vitro Propagation of an Endangered Helianthus verticillatus by Axillary Bud Proliferation (2020)

<i>Helianthus verticillatus</i> (Asteraceae), whorled sunflower, is a perennial species restricted to a few locations in the Southeastern United States. Habitat loss has caused <i>H. verticillatus</i> to become rare, and since 2014, it has been federally listed as an endangered species. As a part of the recovery plan for the restoration and protection of <i>H. verticillatus</i>, an efficient micropropagation protocol based on axillary shoot proliferation was developed. Various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 0 to 4.44 µM) were examined for their morphogenetic potential in the regeneration of six genotypes of <i>H. verticillatus</i> from the nodal explants derived from greenhouse-grown plants. Both the BAP concentration and genotype had significant effects on the regeneration capacity of <i>H. verticillatus</i>. Although the induced buds were observed on ½-strength Murashige and Skoog medium without plant growth regulators, a higher rate of induction and bud development were achieved on media with either 0.88 or 2.22 µM BAP, regardless of the genotype. Successful rooting of the induced shoots was achieved within four weeks after the transfer from the induction medium to the fresh ½-strength MS medium, but the rooting efficiency was dependent on the plant's genetic background. Regenerated plantlets, with well-developed shoots and roots, were acclimatized successfully to greenhouse conditions with a 97% survival rate. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers were employed to assess the genetic uniformity of the micropropagated plants of <i>H. verticillatus</i>. No extraneous bands were detected between regenerants and their respective donor plants, confirming the genetic fidelity and stability of regenerated plants. To our knowledge, the protocol developed in this study is the first such report for this endangered species.
Modeling timed user-interactions in multimedia documents (2002)

Interactive multimedia documents (or systems) can be characterized by active user participation and the diversity of multimedia information accessed at various levels of granularity. They need to support extensive user participation in selecting and tailoring the information and its presentation. Multimedia information fragments may vary from portions of video, pieces of audio, newspaper quotations or chapters of a book. Effectively managing the creation, evolution and complexity of multimedia documents formed by combining media fragments is an essential capability. We consider the hyperstory model of a multimedia document, where a document is structured hierarchically in three dimensions: time, space and asynchrony. The model provides a layered approach in structuring multimedia documents, thus reducing the complexities of large systems. The hyperstory model supports user interactions that are timed, and also supports preemptive resuming. Timed user interactions with the document are modeled with a newly introduced timed Petri-net (TPN*). TPN* is used to infer the behavior of the system. This paper describes TPN*'s modeling and analysis and its application to the hyperstory model.
Resection of Anterior Cranial Base Meningiomas with Intra- and Extracranial Involvement via a Purely Endoscopic Endonasal Approach (2012)

Our limited experience indicates that EEA is feasible and safe for the complete resection of anterior cranial base meningiomas with intra- and extracranial involvement in one stage in selected cases.
Mixed integer programming method for fault diagnosis of linear analogue circuits (1992)

Fault diagnosis of linear analogue circuits can be formulated as a mixed integer programming problem. This avoids testing all possible combinations of submatrices of the equations of the network to determine faults.
Systematical study on superconducting radio frequency elliptic cavity shapes applicable to future high energy accelerators and energy recovery linacs (2016)

Elliptic cavities at medium- and high-$\ensuremath{\beta}$ range are receiving broader use in the particle accelerator applications. Optimizing the shape of these cavities is a complex and demanding process. In this paper we propose an optimization approach to minimize the ratio of peak magnetic field to the acceleration field ${H}_{\text{pk}}/{E}_{\text{acc}}$ while keeping the ratio of peak surface electric field to the accelerating field ${E}_{\text{pk}}/{E}_{\mathrm{acc}}$, aperture radius and wall slope angle $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ at some permitted values. We show that it is possible to substantially vary the cavity geometry without violating the constraints or deteriorating the objective of the optimization. This gives us freedom in designing the geometry to overcome problems such as multipactor while maintaining the minimal ${H}_{\text{pk}}/{E}_{\mathrm{acc}}$. The optimization is then performed to find a set of optimized geometries with minimum ${H}_{\text{pk}}/{E}_{\mathrm{acc}}$ for different $\ensuremath{\beta}$'s ranging from 0.4 to 1, different peak surface electric fields, wall slope angles and aperture radii. These data could be generally used as a suitable starting point in designing elliptic cavities.
Analysis of Wilms Tumor Gene (WT1) Expression in Acute Leukemia Patients with Special Reference to the Differential Diagnosis between Eosinophilic Leukemia and Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndromes (2000)

Continuous Wilms' tumor gene (WT1) expression is a typical feature of leukemic blasts in AML, ALL, and blast crisis CML patients. It is easily detectable by a variety of RT-PCR protocols, which differ mainly in their sensitivity. The nuclear WT1 protein can be found in blasts of approximately 50-60% of acute leukemia patients at diagnosis. Conversely, WT1 is only transiently expressed in normal hemopoiesis. Early CD34+ hemopoietic progenitors express WT1, whereas no WT1 mRNA transcripts can be found in mature blood cells and differentiation-induced committed CD34- progenitors. As a powerful complementary diagnostic tool, testing for WT1 expression can be helpful to discriminate between eosinophilic leukemia (EoL) patients and patients with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndromes. Conflicting data about the usefulness of testing for WT1 expression to monitor minimal residual disease (MRD) in treated leukemia patients will be discussed. Finally, research strategies to circumvent shortcomings in detecting leukemia-associated WT1 expression will be outlined.
A Better Baseline for AVA (2018)

We introduce a simple baseline for action localization on the AVA dataset. The model builds upon the Faster R-CNN bounding box detection framework, adapted to operate on pure spatiotemporal features - in our case produced exclusively by an I3D model pretrained on Kinetics. This model obtains 21.9% average AP on the validation set of AVA v2.1, up from 14.5% for the best RGB spatiotemporal model used in the original AVA paper (which was pretrained on Kinetics and ImageNet), and up from 11.3 of the publicly available baseline using a ResNet101 image feature extractor, that was pretrained on ImageNet. Our final model obtains 22.8%/21.9% mAP on the val/test sets and outperforms all submissions to the AVA challenge at CVPR 2018.
History-Writing as Answerable Style (1970)

ALL MEN desire knowledge; but not the knowledge explosion. Knowledge may always have had mortal taste yet it used 1 to contain the promise of better position in the scale of being and surer sense of one's true or effective identity. But what if earth becomes an earth of ideas? The sea a metaphor for the multiplication of facts and sensations? What can soul desire, sitting unhappily on superstructures of explanation, poor bird, not knowing which way to fly?' The ease with which earth, sea and bird become symbolic counters is part of the problem. Their lapsed value is felt, if only in passing. Marvell's image of the soul, gliding into the boughs, waving in its plumes the various light while it waits to be released from earthliness, is appropriate as counter-reminiscence: that image has reserve of resonances which the mind can explore at leisure, while as whole it evokes that very restraint of ecstasy which makes leisure possible. does not matter, of course, that such images are, or seem to be, from nature; what matters is the quality of our association with them-the decorum of use. It is great Pity that People should by associating themselves with the finest things spoil them, Keats complains, [Leigh] Hunt has damned Hampstead and Masks and Sonnets and italian tales. Hunt's fault is at once moral and aesthetic. Instead of giving other minds credit for the same degree of perception as he himself pos-
High speed demodulation in circular ranging optical coherence tomography using a LiNbO3 phase modulator and a stretched pulse active mode-locked frequency comb laser at 1.3 um (2019)

In Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography, finite acquisition bandwidths can limit the achievable imaging range, axial resolution, and/or imaging speed. Circular ranging (CR) methods were recently demonstrated to overcome these barriers [1,2,3]. By using optical frequency combs (FC), the depth space of the interferometric signal is folded such that extended imaging ranges are compressed into a reduced RF bandwidth. To avoid overlap of artefacts, this folding is performed in a circular manner through the combination of a frequency comb optical source and the use of complex demodulation, i.e., the detection of in-phase (I) and quadrature fringe signals (Q) that resolve the sign of the measured delay. Complex demodulation methods have been explored in Fourier-domain OCT to extend the imaging range by a factor of two through use of the positive and negative delay spaces. Passive methods based on optical quadrature circuits and active methods based on dynamic phase modulation have been demonstrated. In prior CR OCT demonstrations, a passive method was employed [1]. While this provided the required performance, there may be advantages in active methods that reduce digitizer channel counts and avoid the need for environment stability. In this work, we describe the extension of active demodulation schemes to CR OCT systems. In this, we highlight CR-specific alterations that overcome these limitations. We demonstrate the active demodulation methods using a stretched pulse active mode locked (SPML) FC laser at 1.3 μm for the first time.
Vascular Hamartomas and Hemangiomas (1982)

Former classifications of hemangiomas and other congenital vascular anomalies have been confusing, inconsistent, and often unrelated to clinical prognosis. I propose a simplified classification of all vascular hamartomas. Primary involvement of the afferent versus the efferent sides of the fetal vascular tree appears to be correlated with the postnatal growth potential of these lesions, and this forms the basis for the new classification. Four relatively new and useful treatment technics are systemic steroid therapy, thrombin-Gelfoam embolism, laser therapy, and interstitial resection and reconstruction. Proper integration of these with older established treatment methods significantly reduces deformity and functional loss in most patients with vascular hamartomas.
Economics of Mechanical Tree Fruit Harvesters (1977)

Mechanical fruit harvesters have been commercially available to New York growers for ten years. However, adoption of mechanical apple harvesters has been relatively slow because of (l) the availability of relatively inexpensive hand labor, (2) the lack of a suitable fresh fruit harvester, and (3) the wide variation in tree size, apple varieties, farm size and production practices which make operation of a mechanical harvester physically and/or economically infeasible.
Robust Formation of Morphogen Gradients (2005)

We discuss the formation of graded morphogen profiles in a cell layer by nonlinear transport phenomena, important for patterning developing organisms. We focus on a process termed transcytosis, where morphogen transport results from the binding of ligands to receptors on the cell surface, incorporation into the cell, and subsequent externalization. Starting from a microscopic model, we derive effective transport equations. We show that, in contrast to morphogen transport by extracellular diffusion, transcytosis leads to robust ligand profiles which are insensitive to the rate of ligand production.
Dynamic NMR measurement of volume regulatory changes in Amphiuma RBC Na+ content (1988)

23Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and conventional chemical methods were employed to measure Na+ fluxes in Amphiuma red blood cells (RBC) during volume regulation. Paramagnetic shift reagents [dysprosium triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid (DyTTHA) and dysprosium tripolyphosphate (Dy(TPP)2)] were used to alter extracellular Na+ magnetic resonance. Data are presented describing 23Na resonance dependence on shift reagent, sodium and calcium concentration. We confirmed that the shift reagents neither enter the cells nor alter intracellular Na+, K+, and Cl-concentrations under control conditions when extracellular calcium was maintained greater than 0.5 mM. We also confirmed that the shift reagent complexes chelate calcium [Dy(TPP)2 much more so than DyTTHA] and that their toxic effects could be alleviated by adjusting calcium in the cell's suspension medium to control levels. In parallel experiments, where volume-activated Na+ fluxes ranged from 0.3 to 3 mmol Na+/kg dry cell solid (DCS) x minute in cells containing from 30 to 150 mmol Na+/kg DCS, changes in intracellular sodium measured by 32Na NMR were within 4% of those measured by conventional destructive methods. Finally, we present data that are consistent with the interpretation that 6 mmol Na+/kg DCS plus 16% of intracellular Na+ is NMR invisible.
On the possibility of measuring gas concentrations by stimulated anti-Stokes scattering (1973)

A novel and very sensitive method for gas concentration measurements is proposed. Intense light scattering is obtained through a stimulated interaction. The method appears more practical than spontaneous Raman scattering for gas flow analysis with fine spatial resolution. Experimental results with the detection of H2 are given.
Offset-Fed Folded Dipole and Its Application As RFID Tag Antenna (2017)

This paper introduced an offset-fed folded dipole and its application for RFID tag antenna which is capable of working on both metal and non-metal objects with moderate reading range. The antenna itself takes a very simple form and has a single layer structure. As a result, the proposed antenna could serve as a low cost solution for ultra high frequency RFID tags. A transmission line model was proven to be highly accurate for the proposed antenna, which makes the design process simple and effective. The proposed antenna can be designed to have stable input impedance by tuning the location of feed point. Two different types of prototypes were fabricated and tested.
Pyridine dinucleotide biosynthesis in archaebacteria: Presence of NMN adenylyltransferase in Sulfolobus solfataricus (1994)

The enzyme NMN adenylyltransferase, leading to NAD synthesis, has been observed for the first time in soluble extracts from the extreme acidothermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. Comparison of its molecular and kinetic properties with those of the enzyme isolated from prokaryotes and eukaryotes revealed significant differences, knowledge of which may contribute to the understanding of metabolic evolutionary mechanisms. The thermophilic enzyme shows a molecular mass of about 66,000 and an isoelectric point of 5.4. The Km values for ATP, NMN and nicotinic acid mononucleotide are 0.08 microM, 1.4 microM and 17 microM, respectively. The enzyme shows a remarkable degree of thermophilicity, with an activation energy of 95 kJ/mol.
Inactivation of Human Viruses by Povidone-Iodine in Comparison with Other Antiseptics (1997)

Inactivation of a range of viruses, such as adeno-, mumps, rota-, polio- (types 1 and 3), coxsackie-, rhino-, herpes simplex, rubella, measles, influenza and human immunodeficiency viruses, by povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and other commercially available antiseptics in Japan was studied in accordance with the standardized protocol in vitro. In these experiments, antiseptics such as PVP-I solution, PVP-I gargle, PVP-I cream, chlorhexidine gluconate, alkyldiaminoethyl-glycine hydrochloride, benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and benzethonium chloride (BEC) were used. PVP-I was effective against all the virus species tested. PVP-I drug products, which were examined in these experiments, inactivated all the viruses within a short period of time. Rubella, measles, mumps viruses and HIV were sensitive to all of the antiseptics, and rotavirus was inactivated by BAC and BEC, while adeno-, polio- and rhinoviruses did not respond to the other antiseptics. PVP-I had a wider virucidal spectrum, covering both enveloped and nonenveloped viruses, than the other commercially available antiseptics.
Supplementary Table from Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Patients with Advanced HCC and Elevated Alpha-Fetoprotein Treated with Ramucirumab in Two Randomized Phase III Trials (2023)

Supplementary Table from Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Patients with Advanced HCC and Elevated Alpha-Fetoprotein Treated with Ramucirumab in Two Randomized Phase III Trials
Implicit Definitions with Differential Equations for KeYmaera X (System Description) (2022)

Definition packages in theorem provers provide users with means of defining and organizing concepts of interest. This system description presents a new definition package for the hybrid systems theorem prover KeYmaera X based on differential dynamic logic (dL). The package adds KeYmaera X support for user-defined smooth functions whose graphs can be implicitly characterized by dL formulas. Notably, this makes it possible to implicitly characterize functions, such as the exponential and trigonometric functions, as solutions of differential equations and then prove properties of those functions using dL's differential equation reasoning principles. Trustworthiness of the package is achieved by minimally extending KeYmaera X's soundness-critical kernel with a single axiom scheme that expands function occurrences with their implicit characterization. Users are provided with a high-level interface for defining functions and non-soundness-critical tactics that automate low-level reasoning over implicit characterizations in hybrid system proofs.
Polarimetric Characterization of Unresolved Space Objects (2015)

This paper introduces a new remote sensing technique based on polarimetric detection principles, aimed at enhancing the identification, characterization, and discrimination of unresolved space objects like amorphous silicon, polysilicon, Mylar, and Kapton. Some of the polarimetric measurements performed at different angles of incidence (object angular rotations) such as diattenuation, depolarization and retardance matrices of these space objects are presented using backscattered polarimetric signals obtained with a polarimetric system (test bed). The depolarization index profile with changing angle of incidence for these samples is approximated by an inverted Gaussian function. Depolarization is minimum for specular reflection and increases asymptotically in a Gaussian fashion as the angles of incidence and scatter increase. Parameters of the Gaussian profiles fitted to the depolarization data are used to compare samples. The results show that the shape of depolarization profile for one object (Mylar) is almost flat, whereas the other three objects (amorphous silicon, polysilicon, and Kapton) show depolarizing trend with increasing angle of incidence. Additionally, the fractal properties of these objects using the backscattered polarimetric signals obtained with the polarimetric system is compared. The fractal dimension of the backscattered polarimetric signals is obtained for two different experimental geometries, copolarized and cross-polarized geometry, for two different object angular rotations using multiresolution box-counting technique. The results confirms that the fractal dimension of the cross-polarized signals are greater than that for copolarized signals of all objects and increases as the angular rotation of the object increases.
Convexity and Robustness of Dynamic Traffic Assignment and Freeway\n Network Control (2015)

We study the use of the System Optimum (SO) Dynamic Traffic Assignment (DTA)\nproblem to design optimal traffic flow controls for freeway networks as modeled\nby the Cell Transmission Model, using variable speed limit, ramp metering, and\nrouting. We consider two optimal control problems: the DTA problem, where\nturning ratios are part of the control inputs, and the Freeway Network Control\n(FNC), where turning ratios are instead assigned exogenous parameters. It is\nknown that relaxation of the supply and demand constraints in the cell-based\nformulations of the DTA problem results in a linear program. However, solutions\nto the relaxed problem can be infeasible with respect to traffic dynamics.\nPrevious work has shown that such solutions can be made feasible by proper\nchoice of ramp metering and variable speed limit control for specific traffic\nnetworks. We extend this procedure to arbitrary networks and provide insight\ninto the structure and robustness of the proposed optimal controllers. For a\nnetwork consisting only of ordinary, merge, and diverge junctions, where the\ncells have linear demand functions and affine supply functions with identical\nslopes, and the cost is the total traffic volume, we show, using the maximum\nprinciple, that variable speed limits are not needed in order to achieve\noptimality in the FNC problem, and ramp metering is sufficient. We also prove\nbounds on perturbation of the controlled system trajectory in terms of\nperturbations in initial traffic volume and exogenous inflows. These bounds,\nwhich leverage monotonicity properties of the controlled trajectory, are shown\nto be in close agreement with numerical simulation results.\n