gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5033: Azacitidine pretreatment sensitizes NSCLC cells to interferon-γ (2015)

Abstract Epigenetic treatment and immune checkpoint blockade are novel therapeutic approaches being investigated in NSCLC. Our previous studies showed that DNA methyltransferase inhibitor azacitidine (AZA) treatment in NSCLC cell lines led to up-regulation of genes related to the response to interferon and adaptive immune attack. We hypothesize that Interferon-γ(IFN-γ), an immune effecter made primarily by activated T cells and NK cells, has a direct tumor suppression effect in NSCLC cells, which can be enhanced by the DNA hypomethylation agent. To test this hypothesis, NSCLC cells (H838 and/or H1299) were first treated with or without 500nM AZA for 3 days, and then received IFN-γ. The samples were subsequently tested for cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, and gene expression assays. This preclinical study is part of the collective efforts to investigate the efficacy of combined epigenetic and immune therapy in NSCLC. IFN-γ causes moderate direct growth inhibition in H838 and H1299 cells, which was enhanced, using cell viability assays as a readout, by pretreatment with AZA. The AZA sensitizing effect lasted at least 3 weeks and was not detectable 8 weeks after stopping treatment. This timing is consistent with initial reprogramming of the cells and eventual waning of this effect. Flow cytometry studies showed that AZA enhances lung cell apoptosis induced by IFN-γ. However, no significant change in cell cycle was observed. To examine the mechanisms behind these effects on cell growth, we further determined how AZA altered IFN-γ induced gene expression in H1299 cells, first using Agilent expression arrays, and then validating specific changes in key IFN and cell death pathway genes with RT-PCR based methods. IFN-γ significantly up-regulated a group of known IFN targeted genes, including IFI27, IFITM1, ISG20, ICAM1, CCL5, CXCL10, MX1 and others, and this upregulation was further enhanced by AZA pretreatment. AZA also enhanced IFN-γ induced expression of CASP1, CASP4, TNFSF 10, and BCL2A. These AZA enhanced IFN-γ induced genes are important in tumor immune response and evasion, cell death, cytokine response and other critical cellular process. Our studies demonstrated that AZA enhanced lung cancer cell response to the immune effecter IFN-γ. This supports the clinical exploration of epigenetic “priming” and its combination with subsequent immune therapy in NSCLC treatment. It may also provide mechanistically derived biomarkers that can be used to monitor and predict epigenetic and immune response in NSCLC. Citation Format: Kai He, Xin Zhang, Ludmila Danilova, Xiaoyu Pan, Julie Brahmer, Drew Pardoll, Malcolm Brock, Stephen Baylin, James Herman, John Wrangle. Azacitidine pretreatment sensitizes NSCLC cells to interferon-γ. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5033. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5033
Exploring Non-Reversing Magic Mirrors for Screen-Based Augmented Reality Systems (2016)

Screen-based Augmented Reality (AR) systems can be built as a window into the real world as often done in mobile AR applications or using the Magic Mirror metaphor, where users can see themselves with augmented graphics on a large display. Such Magic Mirror systems have been used in digital clothing environments to create virtual dressing rooms, to teach human anatomy, and for collaborative design tasks. The term Magic Mirror implies that the display shows the users enantiomorph, i.e. the mirror image, such that the system mimics a real-world physical mirror. However, the question arises whether one should design a traditional mirror, or instead display the true mirror image by means of a non-reversing mirror? This is an intriguing perceptual question, as the image one observes in a mirror is not a real view, as it would be seen by an external observer, but a reflection, i.e. a front-to-back reversed image. In this paper, we discuss the perceptual differences between these two mirror visualization concepts and present a first comparative study in the context of Magic Mirror anatomy teaching. We investigate the ability of users to identify the correct placement of virtual anatomical structures in our screen-based AR system for two conditions: a regular mirror and a non-reversing mirror setup. The results of our study indicate that the latter is more suitable for applications where previously acquired domain-specific knowledge plays an important role. The lessons learned open up new research directions in the fields of user interfaces and interaction in non-reversing mirror environments and could impact the implementation of general screen-based AR systems in other domains.
Research on Aspect Connectors for Software Architecture Adaptation (2007)

Software connectors are an important part of software architecture, which are responsible for the interactions between components, have an important impact on software architecture adaptation. The current research on connectors which contribute to enhancing software architecture adaptation is not yet mature. In this article we present an approach that introduces Aspect-Oriented technique into connectors based on the combination of AOSD and CBSD, and extracts the non-functional attributes of system as the first-class entities just like components. We also propose the definition of what we have called aspect connectors and their models by means of UML. This approach utilizes the pointcut and advice mechanism of Aspect-Oriented Programming to achieve the interactions between components, which is an effective solution to enhance software architecture adaptation. Finally, a case of printer system is used to expound the specific process, which shows the interactions between aspect connectors and components, and verified the improvement of software architecture adaptation which explained from three aspects.
Second edition of the "XML and information retrieval" workshop held at SIGIR'2002, Tampere, Finland, Aug 15 th , 2002 (2002)

The previous workshop on "XML and Information Retrieval" was held in the context of SIGIR'2000 (Athens, Greece) and showed that there is a serious interest in managing semi-structured data from an IR (i.e., unstructured) perspective rather than from the dominating database (i.e., structured) perspective. As a direct outcome of the workshop, a special JASIS issue on XML and IR was edited and published in March 2002. The topic is still in its prime both in the Academia, as evidenced by XML related papers presented at SIGIR'2001, and in the business world with more search engines adding "XML support" as a requirement.The purpose of this workshop was to continue the effort of applying an "IR approach" to XML search and retrieval. We believe that this approach is crucial to extending the role of XML from pure data exchange in business-to-business applications to actual information exchange in end-users facing and Knowledge Management applications. As a side issue, we also intended to ask the IR community how it should relate, if at all, to the XQuery initiative at W3C. The workshop included 3 presentation sessions, for a total of 8 reviewed papers, an invited talk and a panel. The workshop attracted an audience of more than 30 people, who were encouraged to interact with the speakers as well as the audience.
Cracking the Cross-Media Code (2010)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> ESPN Research + Analytics has developed seven basic concepts of cross-media research and behavior by examining behavioral cells of users and usage. They found that the heavier user of one medium tends to be a heavier user of other media. Crossmedia usage is not a zero-sum game—rather, the media pie is growing because of “new markets of time.” While earlier speculation focused on convergence, time spent using more than one medium at a time is limited. Media users are using different media platforms at different times and in different places for different purposes—the best available screen for their location.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 6, Tables 1 - 2 from A Recurrent <i>ERCC3</i> Truncating Mutation Confers Moderate Risk for Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. Electropherogram. Supplementary Figure 2. Ramachandran plot. Supplementary Figure 3. Modeling ERCC3 R109X via CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Supplementary Figure 4. Haplotype analyses from the TAGC heterozygote carriers. Supplementary Figure 5. ERCC3 mutations present in the cBioPortal (MSKCC) datasets. Supplementary Figure 6. ERCC3 transcript levels in patient derived whole blood. Supplementary Table 1. Family history and pathology information on R109X carriers. Supplementary Table 2. Identity of mutations in HMLE cell lines generated by CRISPR/Cas9.&lt;/p&gt;
Diesel and CNG Transit Bus Emissions Characterization by Two Chassis Dynamometer Laboratories: Results and Issues (1999)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Emissions of six 32 passenger transit buses were characterized using one of the West Virginia University (WVU) Transportable Heavy Duty Emissions Testing Laboratories, and the fixed base chassis dynamometer at the Colorado Institute for Fuels and High Altitude Engine Research (CIFER). Three of the buses were powered with 1997 ISB 5.9 liter Cummins diesel engines, and three were powered with the 1997 5.9 liter Cummins natural gas (NG) counterpart. The NG engines were LEV certified. Objectives were to contrast the emissions performance of the diesel and NG units, and to compare results from the two laboratories. Both laboratories found that oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter (PM) emissions were substantially lower for the natural gas buses than for the diesel buses. It was observed that by varying the rapidity of pedal movement during accelerations in the Central Business District cycle (CBD), CO and PM emissions from the diesel buses could be varied by a factor of three or more. The driving styles may be characterized as aggressive and non-aggressive, but both styles followed the CBD speed command acceptably. PM emissions were far higher for the aggressive driving style. For the NG fueled vehicles driving style had a similar, although smaller, effect on NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;. It is evident that driver habits may cause substantial deviation in emissions for the CBD cycle. When the CO emissions are used as a surrogate for driver aggression, a regression analysis shows that NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; and PM emissions from the two laboratories agree closely for equivalent driving style. Implications of driver habit for emissions inventories and regulations are briefly considered.&lt;/div&gt;
Predictive Value of HIV Type 1 DNA Levels on Overall Survival in HIV-Related Lymphoma Patients Treated with High-Dose Chemotherapy (HDC) Plus Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) (2010)

The kinetics and predictive value of HIV-1 DNA (HIV DNA) levels in relapsed or refractory HIV lymphoma patients, treated with high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), were investigated. HIV DNA was measured by real-time PCR in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 22 patients observed for a median follow-up of 31.0 months. At baseline, HIV DNA was found to be correlated with HIV-1 RNA (HIV RNA) (r = 0.56), but not with CD4(+) counts (r = -0.10). HIV RNA load was under control for the entire follow-up, while HIV DNA levels were almost always detectable (baseline levels vs. 1 year from ASCT levels, p > 0.05). Baseline HIV DNA levels were significantly different between alive and deceased patients (p = 0.03), and the overall survival (OS) analysis showed that for patients with higher HIV DNA levels at baseline there was a higher and nearly significant risk of death if compared to patients with lower levels (HR, 8.33, 95% CI, 0.99-70.06, p = 0.05). Our study demonstrated that high HIV DNA levels at baseline could predict overall survival after ASCT in one of the largest cohorts of HIV lymphoma patients treated with salvage therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: RINGERWEITERUNG VON INDEN UND CYCLOPENTADIEN MIT CHLORAMIN ‐ NEUE BILDUNGSWEISEN VON ISOCHINOLIN UND PYRIDIN (1974)

Abstract Inden (I) reagiert mit Chloramin (Toluol 120°C) vermutlich über das Aziridin (IIa) zu Isochinolin (111), da bei der Darstellung von (1121) aus (IIb) und Hypochlorit als Nebenprodukt schon bei 0°C innerhalb 2 Minuten 25% Isochinolin (III) entstehen.
A Speculative Byzantine Algorithm for P2P System (2010)

This paper presents a speculative Byzantine algorithm base on Zyzzyva which has high performance for applying to peer to peer (P2P). We adopt a hybrid P2P system with monitor node to improve the performance of pure P2P system.
Analysis and prediction of inverter switching frequency in direct torque control of induction machine based on hysteresis bands and machine parameters (2001)

In this paper, the influences of the hysteresis bands on the direct torque control (DTC) of an induction motor are analytically investigated, and the switching frequency of the inverter is predicted based on the analysis. The flux and torque hysteresis bands are the only gains to be adjusted in DTC, and the inverter switching frequency and the current waveform are greatly influenced by them. Therefore, the magnitude of the hysteresis band should be determined based on reasonable guidelines which can avoid excessive inverter switching frequency and current harmonics in the whole operating region. This paper predicts the inverter switching frequency according to torque and flux hysteresis bands based on induction machine parameters and control sampling period, and investigates the effect of hysteresis bands to line current harmonics. The simulated and experimental results prove the usefulness and feasibility of the proposed method.
Upgrading Bridge Rails on Low-Volume Roads in Iowa: Final Report (2016)

Building on previous research, the goal of this project was to identify significant influencing factors for the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) to consider in future updates of its Instructional Memorandum (I.M.) 3.213, which provides guidelines for determining the need for traffic barriers (guardrail and bridge rail) at secondary roadway bridges—specifically, factors that might be significant for the bridge rail rating system component of I.M. 3.213. A literature review was conducted of policies and guidelines in other states and, specifically, of studies related to traffic barrier safety countermeasures at bridges in several states. In addition, a safety impact study was conducted to evaluate possible non-driver-related behavior characteristics of crashes on secondary road structures in Iowa using road data, structure data, and crash data from 2004 to 2013. Statistical models (negative binomial regression) were used to determine which factors were significant in terms of crash volume and crash severity. The study found that crashes are somewhat more frequent on or at bridges possessing certain characteristics—traffic volume greater than 400 vehicles per day (VPD) (paved) or greater than 50 vpd (unpaved), bridge length greater than 150 ft (paved) or greater than 35 ft (unpaved), bridge width narrower than its approach (paved) or narrower than 20 ft (unpaved), and bridges older than 25 years (both paved and unpaved). No specific roadway or bridge characteristic was found to contribute to more serious crashes. The study also confirmed previous research findings that crashes with bridges on secondary roads are rare, low-severity events. Although the findings of the study support the need for appropriate use of bridge rails, it concludes that prescriptive guidelines for bridge rail use on secondary roads may not be necessary, given the limited crash expectancy and lack of differences in crash expectancy among the various combinations of explanatory characteristics.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Obese African-Americans (1995)

Our preliminary data indicate that 15% of African-American patients presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are obese. To determine underlying mechanisms, we analyzed the clinical characteristics and indexes of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in 35 obese patients with DKA, 22 obese patients with hyperglycemia, 10 lean patients with DKA, and 10 obese nondiabetic subjects. Studies were performed 1 day after resolution of DKA and after 12 weeks of follow-up. At presentation, both obese DKA and obese hyperglycemic patients had no detectable insulin response to intravenous glucose, but they did respond to glucagon administration. The acute insulin response (AIR) to glucagon in obese DKA patients (0.9 +/- 0.1 ng/ml, P < 0.01), but significantly greater than in lean patients with DKA (0.1 +/- 0.1 ng/ml, P < 0.01). After 12 weeks of follow-up, the AIR to glucose improved in both groups of obese diabetic patients but remained significantly lower than in nondiabetic control subjects (both P < 0.01). In contrast, the AIR to glucagon was not significantly different from that in obese control subjects. Insulin sensitivity was decreased in both groups of obese diabetic patients at presentation and improved after follow-up to levels similar to those in obese nondiabetic control subjects. Reactivity with islet cell antibodies was not detected in any of the patients. During follow-up, 25 of 35 obese DKA and 16 of 22 hyperglycemic patients were able to discontinue insulin therapy, with continued good metabolic control. Our results indicate that in African-Americans, obese patients with DKA represent a subset of type II diabetes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
WDM coherent PDM-QPSK systems with and without inline optical dispersion compensation (2009)

Using numerical simulations, we study and compare the performance of 42.8-Gb/s and 112-Gb/s intradyne coherent polarization-division- multiplexed quadrature-phase-shift-keying (PDM-QPSK) systems in wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission with inline dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) and that with fully electronic dispersion compensation. Two effects are considered in the studies. One is fiber nonlinearities and the other is the local oscillator (LO) phase noise to amplitude noise conversion induced by electronic dispersion compensation. Results of 1000-km transmission employing standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) show that, for non-return-to-zero (NRZ) PDM-QPSK, both the 42.8-Gb/s and 112-Gb/s WDM systems with DCF have less tolerance to fiber nonlinearities than those with electronic dispersion compensation due to nonlinear polarization scattering. However, by using time-interleaved return-to-zero (RZ) P -QPSK, which can significantly suppress nonlinear polarization scattering in a system with inline DCF, the 42.8-Gb/s system with DCF can achieve better performance than that with electronic dispersion compensation, and comparable performance can be obtained for the 112-Gb/s system with DCF and that with electronic dispersion compensation. We find that the LO phase noise to amplitude noise conversion can cause significant penalties in the 112-Gb/s system with only electronic dispersion compensation if distributed feedback lasers are used.
Use Of Self-Scanned Photodiode Array For X-Ray Multilayer Characterization (1986)

the parameters of the produced stack. Such layered structures are not exclusively X -rays optics oriented:microelectronic and optoelectronic devices rely on superlattices structures. Such layered structures, bothcrystalline and amorphous, are now investigated in other fields of physics because their quasi bidimensional
A design concept for the low forward voltage drop 4500 V trench IGBT (2002)

A design concept for a new trench IGBT structure for low forward voltage drop is described. The low forward voltage drop can be achieved by minimizing the p-base region to increase the hole density of the n-base near the emitter side, and by simultaneously keeping MOS channel resistance low. For 4500 V devices, the "triplet" type structure (one p-base every three trenches) is the optimum one, and it improves the forward voltage drop by about 10% over the conventional structure.
ChemInform Abstract: Narcotic Alkylating Agents: Synthesis, Structure, and Biological Activities. (1988)

The synthesis, structure and biological activities of a series of derivatives of normorphine, noracetylmethadol (IV a), 6-amino-4,4-diphenyl-3-heptanol acetate (V a), and norpropoxyphene (VI a), in which the corresponding nitrogen supports an alkylating group (chloroethyl or fumaroyl) are reported. Structural identification was achieved spectroscopically. 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance proved the most useful tool in this task. N-Chloroethylnoracetylmethadol (IV c), acted as a potent long-lasting analgesic. Although some compounds (IV c), (V c) and (V d) showed substantial cytostatic activity, no antineoplastic activity in mice with P388 leukaemia was detected in the series.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2,4‐TRIAZINES. 5. REGIOSELECTIVE N2‐AMINATION OF 3‐METHYLTHIO‐1,2,4‐TRIAZIN‐5(2H)‐ONES. A NEW EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF (1,2,4)TRIAZOLO(2,3‐B)(1,2,4)TRIAZIN‐7(1H)‐ONE (1983)

Abstract Aus den 3‐Methylthio‐triazinonen (I) erhält man bei der Aminierung mit 2,4‐ Dinitrophenylhydroxylamin (H) die N‐Amino‐Verbindungen (III).
Online Continuous Flow Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry with a Realistic Battery Setup for High-Precision, Long-Term Cycling Tests (2015)

We describe the benefits of an online continuous flow differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) method that allows for realistic battery cycling conditions. We provide a detailed description on the buildup and the role of the different components in the system. Special emphasis is given on the cell design. The retention time and response characteristics of the system are tested with the electrolysis of Li2O2. Finally, we show a practical application in which a Li-ion battery is examined. The value of long-term DEMS measurements for the proper evaluation of electrolyte decomposition is demonstrated by an experiment where a Li(1+x)Ni(0.5)Mn(0.3)Co(0.2)O2 (NMC 532)/graphite cell is cycled over 20 charge/discharge cycles.
Analysis and Design of M-Channel Hybrid Filter Bank With Digital Calibration (2018)

Hybrid filter bank (HFB) is widely used in frequency-interleaved analog-to-digital converters, but traditional HFB structures suffer various degrees of imperfections. This paper presents a new-structure HFB based on power complementary pair. The proposed architecture only needs M-1 analog analysis filters in M-channel frequency-interleaved analog-to-digital converters, and the analog analysis filters can satisfy the pairwise power complementary property. Therefore, the new structure simplifies analog circuits to a larger extent compared with traditional structure. Based on the proposed structure, an estimation algorithm is put forward to estimate the channel mismatch errors and filter bank mismatch errors. Accordingly, calibration is carried out in digital domain. Experiments are performed on the basis of designing a fourchannel 20 GS/s 12-bit frequency-interleaved analog-to-digital converter system, and the simulation results prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. Average distortion error of -6.8192 x 10-10 dB and an average aliasing error of -104.84dB can be achieved after calibration, and resolution of this architecture can be up to 14 bit.
Multilingual Evidence Improves Clustering-based Taxonomy Extraction (2008)

We present a system for taxonomy extraction, aimed at providing a taxonomic backbone in an ontology learning environment. We follow previous research in using hierarchical clustering based on distributional similarity of the terms in texts. We show that basing the clustering on a comparable corpus in four languages gives a considerable improvement in accuracy compared to using only the monolingual English texts. We also show that hierarchical k-means clustering increases the similarity to the original taxonomy, when compared with a bottom-up agglomerative clustering approach.