gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Outage performance analysis for cooperative networks with randomly distributed nodes (2011)

In this paper, the performance of a distributed network with randomly distributed nodes is analyzed using stochastic geometry theory. In the considered network, some nodes act as relays to facilitate the communication between certain source node and its corresponding destination node. For relay nodes, decode-and-forward protocol is adopted and then both outage probability and density of successful transmission are derived based on stochastic geometry theory.
Inhibition of Glioblastoma Growth by the Thiadiazolidinone Compound TDZD-8 (2010)

Our results suggest that TDZD-8 uses a novel mechanism to target glioblastoma cells, and that malignant progenitor population could be a target of this compound.
Time Course of Bone Mineral Density Changes With Denosumab Compared With Other Drugs in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Dose-Response–Based Meta-Analysis (2014)

This exploratory analysis shows that 3 years of treatment with denosumab resulted in bigger changes in LS and TH BMD compared with 3 years of treatment with 10 mg/d oral alendronate, 5 mg/y i.v. zoledronic acid, 5 mg/d oral risedronate, 150 mg/mo oral ibandronate, 3 mg i.v. ibandronate every 3 months, 60 mg/d oral raloxifene, and 200 IU/d calcitonin. Treatment with PTH resulted in larger changes in LS BMD compared with denosumab; however, denosumab treatment provided larger changes in TH BMD.
High performance thin layer chromatography fingerprint analysis of guava (Psidium guajava) leaves (2017)

High-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprint analysis is commonly used for quality control of medicinal plants in term of identification and authentication. In this study, we have been developed HPTLC fingerprint analysis for identification of guava (Psidium guajava) leaves raw material. A mixture of chloroform, acetone, and formic acid in the ratio 10:2:1 was used as the optimum mobile phase in HPTLC silica plate and with 13 bands were detected. As reference marker we chose gallic acid (Rf = 0.21) and catechin (Rf = 0.11). The two compound were detected as pale black bands at 366 nm after derivatization with sulfuric acid 10% v/v (in methanol) reagent. Validation of the method was met within validation criteria, so the developed method could be used for quality control of guava leaves.
Asymmetric tandem additions to chiral naphthyloxazolines. A new and potent chiral auxiliary resulting in a major improvement in convenience and efficiency (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric tandem additions to chiral naphthyloxazolines. A new and potent chiral auxiliary resulting in a major improvement in convenience and efficiencyDavid J. Rawson and A. I. MeyersCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 7, 2292–2294Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00007a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00007a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views316Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A Rational Approach to the Design of Photocatalytic Reactors (2007)

A model to assess the performances of an annular photocatalytic reactor has been developed by investigating different operational conditions through an analysis based on the proper dimensionless parameters (namely, the optical thickness, the Thiele modulus and two among the well-known Damköhler and Peclet numbers, which are properly redefined). Different dependences of the reaction kinetics on the local rate of radiant energy absorption are also considered. Because the progress of the reaction is affected by the radiation field, all these parameters are dependent on the catalyst concentration and then indirectly on the catalyst load. The conditions under which an optimal value for the catalyst concentration may exist are determined, thus contributing to provide insight to one aspect that is quite controversial in the literature.
Electromagnetic Simulation of Signal Distribution of Various RF Endoluminal Loop Geometries with Coil Orientation: Towards a Reconfigurable Design (2021)

With the objective of improving MR endoluminal imaging of the colonic wall, electromagnetic simulations of different configurations of single-layer and double-layer, and double-turn endoluminal coil geometries were run. Indeed, during colon navigation, variations in coil orientation with respect to B0 are bound to occur, leading to impaired image acquisition due to a loss of signal uniformity. In this work, three typical coil orientations encountered during navigation were chosen and the resulting signal uniformity of the different geometries was investigated through the simulated <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mfenced open="(" close=")" separators="|"><mrow><mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>y</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mo>/</mo><mrow><mi>I</mi><msqrt><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msqrt></mrow></mrow></mrow></mfenced></math> values. Sampling this quantity over a circle of radius r enabled us to calculate the coefficient of variation (= standard deviation/mean) for this given distance. This procedure was repeated for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mi>r</mi><mo>∈</mo><mfenced open="[" close="]" separators="|"><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>;</mo><mn>15</mn></mrow></mfenced><mtext> </mtext></math> mm, which represents the region of interest in the colon. Our results show that single-loop and double-layer geometries could provide complementary solutions for improved signal uniformity. Finally, using four microelectromechanical system switches, we proposed the design of a reconfigurable endoluminal coil able to switch between those two geometries while also ensuring the active decoupling of the endoluminal coil during the RF transmission of an MR experiment.
Ex vivo characterization of a novel tissue-like cross-linked fibrin-agarose hydrogel for tissue engineering applications (2016)

The generation of biomaterials with adequate biomechanical and structural properties remains a challenge in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Earlier research has shown that nanostructuration and cross-linking techniques improved the biomechanical and structural properties of different biomaterials. Currently, uncompressed and nanostructured fibrin-agarose hydrogels (FAH and NFAH, respectively) have been used successfully in tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of improving the structural and biomechanical properties of FAH and NFAH by using 0.25% and 0.5% (v/v) glutaraldehyde (GA) as a cross-linker. These non-cross-linked and cross-linked hydrogels were subjected to structural, rheological and ex vivo biocompatibility analyses. Our results showed that GA cross-linking induced structural changes and significantly improved the rheological properties of FAH and NFAH. In addition, ex vivo biocompatibility analyses demonstrated viable cells in all conditions, although viability was more compromised when 0.5% GA was used. Our study demonstrates that it is possible to control fiber density and hydrogel porosity of FAH and NFAH by using nanostructuration or GA cross-linking techniques. In conclusion, hydrogels cross-linked with 0.25% GA showed promising structural, biochemical and biological properties for use in tissue engineering.
Auf der Suche nach Stabilen Carbenen (1998)

Abstract This article follows a thread through the history of the quest for stable carbenes. The story begins in 1835 with the attempts by Dumas to dehydrate methanol to produce methylene. It continues through modern times to a point where the accumulation of many false starts in stable carbene synthesis led to the conventional wisdom that carbenes are so highly reactive that they exist only as labile, short‐lived molecules. The report of the isolation of the first stable crystalline carbene in 1991 began a renaissance in the chemistry of isolable carbenes. Much of the older chemistry is currently being revisited and reinterpreted with the aid of modern analytical techniques. Easily handled carbenes are opening many new opportunities in both exploratory chemistry and industrial applications.
Observation of switching energy dependence on illuminating beam area in the VSTEP optoelectronic switch (1994)

We have observed a strong dependence of the optical switching energy of a p-n-p-n VSTEP device on the area of the illuminated spot. We explain the area dependence in terms of a long diffusion time (/spl sim/1 μs) required for the photo-generated holes to reach a uniform distribution in the depleted p-layer and report results of a carrier diffusion calculation which supports this conclusion. This effect reduces the required optical switching energy by as much as a factor of five for the devices measured.
Low Temperature Magnetoresistance of a Quasi-Ballistic Narrow Wire Confined by Split Metal Gates (1991)

We have studied a size effect related to boundary scattering in two different types of quasi-ballistic, narrow wire system. Lateral confinement of a two dimensional electron gas, confined at the interface of a GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction, was achieved alternatively through the use of a dry etch or by means of a pair of split metal gates. Clear differences in the magnitude of the size effect are observed between these two systems, which we explain in terms of the relative degree of specular and diffusive boundary scattering in the wires.
Altered lipid raft–associated proximal signaling and translocation of CD45 tyrosine phosphatase in B lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (2006)

The results provide evidence of altered expression and translocation/interaction of kinases and phosphatases in membrane signaling microdomains of B cells from patients with SLE. Altered translocation of CD45 correlated with reduced expression of Lyn, indicating that Lyn is a key molecule in the regulation of BCR-mediated signaling.
The glycol centenary (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe glycol centenaryEduard Färber Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 3, 117Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1956Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 March 1956Published inissue 1 March 1956https://doi.org/10.1021/ed033p117RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (813 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Programmable One-Pot Oligosaccharide Synthesis (1999)

In an effort to develop a broadly applicable approach to the facile one-pot synthesis of oligosaccharides, the reactivity of a number of p-methylphenyl thioglycoside (STol) donors which are either fully protected or have one hydroxyl group exposed has been quantitatively determined by HPLC. We have characterized and quantified the influence on reactivity of the structural effects of different monosaccharide cores and different protecting groups on each glycoside donor. In addition, we have established a correlation between glycosyl donor reactivity and the chemical shift of the anomeric proton by 1H NMR. Using the reactivity data, we have created a database of thioglycosides as glycosyl donors and demonstrated its utility in the easy and rapid one-pot assembly of various linear and branched oligosaccharide structures. In addition, we have developed the first computer program, OptiMer, for use as a database search tool and guide for the selection of building blocks for the one-pot assembly of a desired oligosaccharide or a library of individual oligosaccharides.
Marchenko Green's Function Retrieval in Layered Elastic Media from Two-Sided Reflection and Transmission Data (2022)

By solving a Marchenko equation, Green's functions at an arbitrary (inner) depth level inside an unknown elastic layered medium can be retrieved from single-sided reflection data, which are to be collected at the top of the medium. So far, an exact solution could only be obtained if the medium obeys stringent monotonicity conditions and if all forward-scattered (non-converted and converted) transmissions between the acquisition level and the inner depth level are known a-priori. We introduce an alternative Marchenko equation by revising the window operators that are applied in its derivation. We also introduce an auxiliary equation for transmission data, which are to be collected at the bottom of the medium, and a coupled equation, which is based on both reflection and transmission data. We show that the joint system of the Marchenko equation, the auxiliary equation and the coupled equation can be succesfully inverted when broadband reflection and transmission data are available. This results in a novel methodology for elastodynamic Green's function retrieval from two-sided data. Apart from these data, our approach requires P- and S-wave transmission times between the inner depth level and the top of the medium, as well as two angle-dependent amplitude scaling factors, which can be estimated from the data by enforcing energy conservation.
Optical engineering problems associated with construction of the Shiva Laser Fusion Facility (1977)

The Shiva laser system is part of a new 20 terawatt laser facility at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. The system contains more than $5,000,000 worth of optics. This paper discusses the various optical components, typical component quantities and specification, and the problem of laser damage to components.
A platform to automatically generate and incorporate documents into an ontology-based content repository (2009)

In order to access large information pools efficiently data has to be structured and categorized. Recently, applying ontologies to formalize information has become an established approach. In particular, ontology-based search and navigation are promising solutions which are capable to significantly improve state of the art systems (e.g. full-text search engines). However, the ontology roll-out and maintenance are costly tasks. Therefore, we propose a documentation generation platform that automatically derives content and incorporates generated content into an existing ontology. The demanding task of classifying content as concept instances, setting data type and object properties is accomplished by the documentation generation platform. Eventually, our approach results in a semantically enriched content base. Note that no manual effort is required to establish links between content objects and the ontology.
Tunable refrigerator for nonlinear quantum electric circuits (2020)

The emerging quantum technological applications call for fast and accurate initialization of the corresponding devices to low-entropy quantum states. To this end, we theoretically study a recently demonstrated quantum-circuit refrigerator in the case of nonlinear quantum electric circuits such as superconducting qubits. The maximum refrigeration rate of transmon and flux qubits is observed to be roughly an order of magnitude higher than that of usual linear resonators, increasing flexibility in the design. We find that for typical experimental parameters, the refrigerator is suitable for resetting different qubit types to fidelities above 99.99% in a few or a few tens of nanoseconds depending on the scenario. Thus the refrigerator appears to be a promising tool for quantum technology and for detailed studies of open quantum systems.
Time-travel debugging for JavaScript/Node.js (2016)

Time-traveling in the execution history of a program during debugging enables a developer to precisely track and understand the sequence of statements and program values leading to an error. To provide this functionality to real world developers, we embarked on a two year journey to create a production quality time-traveling debugger in Microsoft's open-source ChakraCore JavaScript engine and the popular Node.js application framework.
A 2-amino-2-oxazoline derivative as an antidepressant in mice. (1988)

2-Amino-2-oxazolines are heterocyclic compounds with interesting pharmacological properties. Several derivatives of this chemical series were studied in psychopharmacological tests. One derivative 4,5-dihydro-5-[methyl(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)]-2-oxazolamine (COR 32-24), had an antidepressant profile. Its structure can be compared to trazodone in its phenylpiperazine group and to toloxatone in its oxazoline group. This molecule antagonized reserpine-induced hypothermia and ptosis, oxotremorine-induced hypothermia and high-dose apomorphine-induced hypothermia. It also potentiated yohimbine-induced sublethality and decreased the immobility of forced swimming. It had no monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity. These results suggest a profile close to that of viloxazine and to that of a classic antidepressant.
Spreading Kinetics of Ultrathin Liquid Films Using Molecular Dynamics (2017)

Ultrathin liquid films play a critical role in numerous engineering applications. Although crucial to the design and application of ultrathin liquid films, the physical mechanisms that govern spreading on the molecular scale are not well-understood, and disagreement among experiments, simulations, and theory remains. We use molecular dynamics simulations to quantify the speed at which the edge of a polymer droplet advances on a flat substrate as a function of various environmental and design parameters. We explain the physical mechanisms that drive and inhibit spreading, identify different spreading regimes, and clarify transitions between spreading regimes. We demonstrate that the edge of a droplet spreads according to a power law with two distinct regimes, which we attribute to competing physical mechanisms: a pressure difference in the liquid droplet and molecule entanglement. This research unifies many years of liquid spreading research and has implications for systems that involve designing complex ultrathin liquid films.
High‐intensity interval training and essential amino acid supplementation: Effects on muscle characteristics and whole‐body protein turnover (2020)

The purpose of this study was to compare the independent and combined effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and essential amino acids (EAA) on lean mass, muscle characteristics of the quadriceps, and 24-hr whole-body protein turnover (WBPT) in overweight and obese adults. An exploratory aim was to evaluate potential modulatory effects of sex. Sixty-six adults (50% female; Age: 36.7 ± 6.0 yrs; %BF: 36.0 ± 7.8%) were assigned to 8 wks of: (a) HIIT, 2 days/wk; (b) EAA supplementation, 3.6 g twice daily; (c) HIIT + EAA; or (d) control. At baseline, 4 wks, and 8 wks, total body, thigh LM and muscle characteristics were measured via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and B-mode ultrasound, respectively. In a subsample, changes in WBPT was measured using [N<sup>15</sup> ]alanine. Differences between groups were assessed using linear mixed models adjusted for baseline values, followed by 95% confidence intervals on adjusted mean change scores (Δ). HIIT and HIIT + EAA improved thigh LM (Δ: +0.17 ± 0.05 kg [0.08, 0.27]; +0.22 ± 0.05 kg [0.12,0.31]) and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area (Δ: +2.73 ± 0.52 cm<sup>2</sup> [1.69,3.77]; +2.64 ± 0.53 cm<sup>2</sup> [1.58,3.70]), volume (Δ: +54.50 ± 11.69 cm<sup>3</sup> [31.07, 77.92]; +62.39 ± 12.05 cm<sup>3</sup> [38.26, 86.52]), and quality (Δ: -5.46 ± 2.68a.u. [-10.84, -0.09]; -7.97 ± 2.76a.u.[-13.49, -2.45]). Protein synthesis, breakdown, and flux were greater with HIIT + EAA and EAA compared to HIIT (p < .05). Sex differences were minimal. Compared to women, men tended to respond more to HIIT, with or without EAA. For women, responses were greater with HIIT + EAA than HIIT. In overweight and obese adults, 8 weeks of HIIT, with or without EAA, improved thigh LM size and quality; EAA may enhance muscular adaptation via increases in protein turnover, supporting greater improvements in muscular size and quality.
ATPase Activity of p97-Valosin-containing Protein (VCP) (2003)

The 97-kDa valosin-containing protein (p97-VCP) plays a role in a wide variety of cellular activities, many of which are regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome (Ub-Pr)-mediated degradation pathway. We previously demonstrated that VCP binds to multi-ubiquitin chains and may act as a molecular chaperone that targets the ubiquitinated substrates to the proteasome for degradation. In this report, we show that although the ubiquitin chain-binding activity, carried out by the N-terminal 200 residues (N domain), is necessary for the degradation of proteasome substrates, it is not sufficient. Using in vitro degradation assays, we demonstrated that the entire VCP molecule, consisting of the N domain and two ATPase domains D1 and D2, is required for mediating the Ub-Pr degradation. The ATPase activity of VCP requires Mg(2+), and is stimulated by high temperature. Under optimal conditions, VCP hydrolyzes ATP with a K(m) of approximately 0.33 mm and a V(max) of approximately 0.52 nmol P(i) min(-1) microg(-1). At a physiological temperature, mutation in D2 significantly inhibits the ATPase activity, while that in D1 has little effect. Interestingly, mutations in D1, but not D2, abolish the heat-stimulated ATPase activity. Thus, we provide the first demonstration that the ATPase activity of VCP is required for mediating the Ub-Pr degradation, that D2 accounts for the major ATPase activity, and that D1 contributes to the heat-induced activity.