gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA19: Understanding the dynamics of cancer: From developmental pathways to in vivo imaging (2013)

Abstract Our research focuses on the signals that control hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, how these signals are utilized during regeneration and how their dysregulation may lead to cancer. Using a multitude of genetic models, we have shown that classic developmental signaling pathways such as Wnt, Hedgehog and Notch play key roles in stem cell growth and regeneration and are dysregulated during leukemia development. In addition, we have used real-time imaging strategies to show that hematopoietic stem cells have the capacity to undergo both symmetric and asymmetric division, and that shifts in the balance between these modes of division are controlled by the microenvironment and subverted by oncogenes. Importantly, we have shown that regulators of this process, including the cell fate determinant Musashi, can promote aggressive cancers and could serve as critical targets for diagnostics and therapy. Most recently, we have developed a high resolution in vivo imaging system that has allowed us to begin to map the behavior and interactions of hematopoietic stem cells with the microenvironment within living animals, and to define how these change during regeneration and cancer formation. Citation Format: Tannishtha Reya. Understanding the dynamics of cancer: From developmental pathways to in vivo imaging. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr IA19.
Steroids and related natural products. I. Bufadienolides. 3. Synthetic route to isocardenolides (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteroids and related natural products. I. Bufadienolides. 3. Synthetic route to isocardenolidesGeorge R. Pettit, Brian Green, Arun K. Das Gupta, Philip A. Whitehouse, and John P. YardleyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 5, 1381–1384Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00830a027RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (533 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Improving abdominoplasty results: Reconstruction of the linea alba sulcus by direct fat excision (2006)

When carefully performed in selected patients, creation of a linea alba sulcus by direct excision of deep fat from the abdominoplasty flap can enhance aesthetic results of abdominoplasty without increased morbidity.
A systematic neuro-fuzzy modeling framework with application to material property prediction (2001)

A systematic neural-fuzzy modeling framework that includes the initial fuzzy model self-generation, significant input selection, partition validation, parameter optimization, and rule-base simplification is proposed in this paper. In this framework, the structure identification and parameter optimization are carried out automatically and efficiently by the combined use of a sell-organization network, fuzzy clustering, adaptive back-propagation learning, and similarity analysis-based model simplification. The proposed neuro-fuzzy modeling approach has been used for nonlinear system identification and mechanical property prediction in hot-rolled steels from construct composition and microstructure data. Experimental studies demonstrate that the predicted mechanical properties have a good agreement with the measured data by using the elicited fuzzy model with a small number of rules.
Improvements of Recovery from Marking Stack Overflow in Mark Sweep Garbage Collection (2012)

Mark sweep garbage collection (GC) is usually implemented using a mark stack for a depth first search that marks all objects reachable from the root set. However, the required size of the mark stack depends on the application, and its upper bound is proportional to the size of the heap. It is not acceptable in most systems to reserve memory for such a large mark stack. To avoid unacceptable memory overhead, some systems limit the size of the mark stack. If the mark stack overflows, the system scans the entire heap to find objects that could not be pushed due to overflow and traverses their children. Since the scanning takes a long time, this technique is inefficient for applications that are likely to cause overflows. In this research, we propose a technique to record rough locations of objects that failed to be pushed so that they can be found without scanning the entire heap. We use a technique similar to the card table of mostly concurrent GC to record rough locations.
Differential requirement for the EDS1 catalytic triad in A. thaliana and N. benthamiana (2021)

Summary Heterodimeric complexes incorporating the lipase-like proteins EDS1 with PAD4 or SAG101 are central hubs in plant innate immunity. EDS1 functions encompass signal relay from TIR domain-containing intracellular NLR-type immune receptors (TNLs) towards RPW8-type helper NLRs (RNLs) and, in A. thaliana , bolstering of signaling and resistance mediated by cell-surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Biochemical activities underlying these mechanistic frameworks remain unknown. We used CRISPR/Cas-generated mutant lines and agroinfiltration-based complementation assays to interrogate functions of EDS1 complexes in N. benthamiana . We do not detect impaired PRR signaling in N. benthamiana lines deficient in EDS1 complexes or RNLs. Intriguingly, mutations within the catalytic triad of Solanaceae EDS1 can abolish or enhance TNL immunity in N. benthamiana . Furthermore, nuclear EDS1 accumulation is sufficient for N. benthamiana TNL (Roq1) immunity. Reinforcing PRR signaling in Arabidopsis might be a derived function of the TNL/EDS1 immune sector. Dependency of Solanaceae but not A. thaliana EDS1 on catalytic triad residues raises the possibility that a TNL-derived small molecule binds to the Solanaceae EDS1 lipase-like domain, and that EDS1 lipase-like domain pocket contributions to TNL immune responses vary between lineages. Whether and how nuclear EDS1 activity connects to membrane pore-forming RNLs remains unknown.
Salt Gland Ion Secretion: A Salinity Tolerance Mechanism among Five Zoysiagrass Species (1998)

Need for salinity tolerant turfgrasses is increasing because of government mandates requiring use of low quality secondary water sources for turfgrass irrigation. This study was done to elucidate salinity tolerance mechanisms of the Zoysia genus (zoysiagrass), which includes a number of important turfgrasses. Research objectives were to (i) determine the range in salinity tolerance among and within five zoysiagrass species, (it) determine if salt secretion via leaf salt glands is an important salinity tolerance mechanism within the Zoysia genus, and (iii) determine if salinity tolerance is associated with the rate, efficiency of leaf salt gland secretion. Fifty‐seven zoysiagrass accessions and cultivars, representing five interfertile species, were grown in hydroponic tanks in a glasshouse. Salinity of treatment tanks was gradually raised prior to data collection to a final treatment level of 400 m M NaCI. Relative salinity tolerance was determined by changes in percent leaf firing and percent leaf dry weight relative to control plants. Relative percent leaf firing varied from 19 to 80% among entries, indicating a wide range in relative salinity tolerance. Bicellular leaf salt glands were observed in all species, lying recumbent to the leaf surface in parallel rows atop intercostal ridges. Relative salinity tolerance was negatively correlated with leaf sap Na + concentration and positively correlated with leaf salt gland Na + secretion rate and leaf gland density. This indicates that salinity tolerance in the Zoysia genus is associated with shoot saline ion exclusion via leaf salt gland secretion, which, in turn, is related to leaf salt gland density.
Production of D(-)-α-Aminobenzylpenicillin by Kluyvera citrophila KY 3641 (1972)

Intact cells of Kluyvera citrophila KY 3641 produced enzymatically D(-)-α-aminobenzylpenicillin from 6-aminopenicillanic acid and phenylglycine derivatives. The optimum pH of the aeylase was 6.5. Among various phenylglycine derivatives examined as substrates, D-phenylglycine methylester HCl was the best compound giving the yields of about 10.7mg/ml of D(-)-α-aminobenzylpenicillin in the enzymic reaction mixture. The product was isolated in a crystalline form and identified as D(-)-α-aminobenzylpenicillin.
Optimization of a single module of CUPID (2021)

Abstract CUPID is the next generation experiment which will use scintillating cryogenic calorimeters to search for the neutrinoless double β decay. This unobserved process would shed light on the nature of the neutrino, which up to our knowledge could be a Majorana or a Dirac particle, and would give us an important hint to explain the lack of antimatter in the universe. This ambitious search needs a detector with unique characteristics such as an extremely low background level and an excellent energy resolution. CUPID is now in advanced R&amp;D state to optimize the detector design in order to completely exploit the potentialities of scintillating cryogenic calorimeters. In the following I will describe the test performed at the LNGS (Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso) of a single module of the future CUPID detector. In this contribution we present the performance obtained with a novel assembly concept, proving that it matches the requirements for CUPID.
Inhibition of mouse T‐cell proliferation by CGRP and VIP: Effects of these neuropeptides on IL‐2 production and cAMP synthesis (1991)

We compared the effect of two neuropeptides, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), on mitogen-induced murine splenocyte proliferation. Both neuropeptides exerted their maximal effect within 24 hr after activation by Con A. The combination CGRP-VIP caused an additive inhibitory effect on T-cell proliferation. The inhibitory effect of VIP could be correlated with a decrease in interleukin 2 (IL-2) production, whereas CGRP did not affect this production. Since we also observed an additive inhibitory effect on T-cell proliferation by the theophylline and CGRP or VIP combination, we measured the effect of each neuropeptide on intracellular cAMP production by enriched T-cells: CGRP, but not VIP, strongly stimulated cAMP synthesis. Taken together, our results indicate that inhibition of murine T-cell proliferation by CGRP and VIP is mediated by different mechanisms.
Deep Neural Networks for No-Reference Video Quality Assessment (2019)

Video quality assessment (VQA) is a challenging task due to the complexity of modeling perceived quality characteristics in both spatial and temporal domains. A novel no-reference (NR) video quality metric (VQM) is proposed in this paper based on two deep neural networks (NN), namely 3D convolution network (3D-CNN) and a recurrent NN composed of long short-term memory (LSTM) units. 3D-CNNs are utilized to extract local spatiotemporal features from small cubic clips in video, and the features are then fed into the LSTM networks to predict the perceived video quality. Such design can elaborately tackle the issue of insufficient training data whilst also efficiently capture perceptive quality features in both spatial and temporal domains. Experimental results with respect to two publicly available video quality datasets have demonstrate that the proposed quality metric outperforms the other compared NR quality metrics.
Three-dimensional microfabrication for a multi-degree-of-freedom capacitive force sensor using fibre-chip coupling (2000)

The design and fabrication of a novel multi-degree-of-freedom force sensor is described. The three-dimensional structure of the sensor is a result of combining several microfabrication techniques: wet bulk micromachining, fusion bonding, chemical mechanical polishing, deep RIE, LPCVD, PECVD and thermally evaporated thin films. The sensor is designed to operate in the 0-500 µN force range and the 0-10 µNm torque range. The flexibility of the process to create overhanging structures with arbitrary lengths and heights is illustrated by the integration of micro-tweezers directly onto the force sensor. Among other advantages of the developed process is a dicing-free self-release of wafer structures. This allows very fragile structures, such as micromirrors and other optical components, to be individually packaged.
Polypropionate Derivatives with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase B Inhibitory Activities from the Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Aspergillus fischeri FS452 (2019)

Fiscpropionates A-F (<b>1</b>-<b>6</b>), six new polypropionate derivatives featuring an unusual long hydrophobic chain, were isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus <i>Aspergillus fischeri</i> FS452. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations were determined by <i>J</i>-HMBC analysis, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and the modified Mosher's method. This is the first discovery of polypropionates from marine-derived fungi, and compounds <b>4</b> and <b>5</b> represent the first examples of polypropionate derivatives containing a 3-hydroxypiperidin-2-one as part of an imide linkage. In addition, compounds <b>1</b>-<b>4</b> exhibited significant inhibitory activities against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> protein tyrosine phosphatase B (<i>M</i>ptpB) with the IC<sub>50</sub> values of 5.1, 12, 4.0, and 11 μM, respectively. Enzyme kinetic experiments suggested that they all acted through a noncompetitive mechanism. A preliminary structure-activity relationship is discussed.
Magnetic properties of flux grown uniaxial garnets (1971)

Static and dynamic properties of bubble domains are given for a number of mixed rare earth and related iron garnets that have growth induced noncubic magnetic properties that are of interest and, in some cases, are useful for bubble-domain device applications. Rules for predicting domain alignments related to {211} facets, the various cuts for obtaining useful platelets, and compositional controls for obtaining temperature independent properties are also outlined.
Viterbi Decoder Block Decoding - Trellis Termination and Tail Biting (2010)

Many digital communication standards employ convolution coding as a means of forward error correction (FEC). Data encoded in this way generally is decoded with a Viterbi decoder, which operates by constructing a trellis of state probabilities and branch metrics. The transmitted data is often terminated with a number of zeros to force the encoder back to the zero state. This allows the decoder to start decoding from a known state, however, extra symbols have to be transmitted over the channel. Another termination technique is to ensure the trellis start and end states are identical. This technique is referred to as tail biting and has the advantage of not requiring any extra symbols to be transmitted. Tail biting is used in several popular communications standards, such as the IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks- Part 16 (IEEE 802.16e) and the 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. This application note gives some background on the different termination techniques used in these standards, explains how to implement them using the Xilinx ® Viterbi decoder LogiCORE ™ module (version 6.2 or later), and includes a number of simulation reference designs to illustrate operation of the Viterbi decoder.
Noise facilitates entrainment of a population of uncoupled limit cycle oscillators (2022)

ABSTRACT Many biological oscillators share two properties: they are subject to stochastic fluctuations (noise) and they must reliably adjust their period to changing environmental conditions (entrainment). While noise seems to distort the ability of single oscillators to entrain, in populations of oscillators noise allows entrainment for a wider range of input amplitudes and periods. Here, we investigate, how this effect depends on the noise intensity and the number of oscillators in the population. We have found that, if a population consists of a sufficient number of oscillators, increasing noise intensity leads to faster entrainment after a phase change of the input signal (jet lag) and increases sensitivity to low-amplitude input signals. SIGNIFICANCE Live is characterized by rhythms, such as daily changes in activity or the heartbeat. These rhythms are reflected in molecular oscillations generated at the level of individual cells. These oscillations are inherently noisy, but still cells reliably synchronize to external signals and provide reliable timing for other biological processes. Here, we show how noise can be beneficial to cell populations in terms of synchronization to external signals. Specifically, noise can increase the sensitivity to weak external signals and speed up adjustment to jet-lag-like perturbations.
Estimation of the Stability of Acoustic Multipath in Long-Range Propagation (2001)

We present the stability estimation results of the data collected during the sound transmission experiment performed by Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC) in 1996 in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean. The combined information of the amplitude and the phase was effective for identifying a ray and observing the ocean-structure change. The phases of correlated signals were very stable within 50 s not only for the paths propagated near the sound fixing and ranging (SOFAR) axis but for ones turning at about 2500 m depth. The travel time could be estimated within an error of less than 0.3 ms.
Relative abundance and patterns of correlation among six cytokines in pleural fluid measured by cytometric bead array (2003)

Several cytokines play significant roles in the development and pathogenesis of pleural effusion. Little is known, however, about possible interactions between individual cytokines in terms of regulation of their relative abundance in the effusion. We studied 93 patients presenting with pleural effusion to the National Sanyo Hospital (68 men and 25 women; mean age, 64 years). Twenty-two patients had tuberculous pleurisy, 40 had malignant pleuritis, and 31 had effusions due to an etiology other than tuberculosis or cancer (miscellaneous). Pleural fluid concentrations of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, TNF-alpha, and INF-gamma were simultaneously measured by cytometric bead array (CBA). The ratios of IL-4/IL-5, IL-4/TNF-alpha, IL-2/TNF-alpha, and IL-10/TNF-alpha were lower in patients with tuberculosis pleurisy compared with other patients. In all three groups of patients significant correlation was seen between abundance of IL-2 vs. IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, or TNF-alpha, between IL-4 vs. IL-10, and between TNF-alpha vs. INF-gamma. In malignant pleural fluid patients, the significant correlation was between IL-2 vs. IL-4, TNF-alpha, or INF-gamma, between IL-4 vs. INF-gamma, and between TNF-alpha vs. INF-gamma. In tuberculosis pleural fluid patients, the significant correlation was between IL-2 vs. TNF-alpha, between IL-4 vs. IL-10, and between TNF-alpha vs. INF-gamma. In miscellaneous pleural fluid patients, the significant correlation was between IL-2 vs. IL-4, IL-10, or TNF-alpha, between IL-4 vs. IL-10, TNF-alpha, and between IL-10 vs. TNF-alpha. No significant correlation was observed between other pairs of cytokines. Strong correlation in abundance between particular cytokines in pleural fluids suggests cross-talk between them, in terms that an altered level of one of them provides a feedback mechanism regulating synthesis and/or secretion of another one. Such interactions may play important roles in pathogenesis and severity of the effusion. The CBA methodology provides a convenient tool to investigate these interactions.
SPICE‐compatible stamps for semi‐discrete approximations of Maxwell's equations (2007)

Abstract This article presents the formulation of equivalent circuit stamps derived from the semi‐discrete form of Maxwell's equations. In particular, when a rectangular Yee's lattice is used for the spatial discretization of Faraday's and Ampere's laws, the stamps assume simple forms in terms of lumped circuit elements and dependent sources. It is shown that there is a very close relationship between the semi‐discrete Maxwell's system and the mesh analysis formalism of Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws. Boundary conditions, including a first‐order absorbing boundary condition, are extended to equivalent circuit descriptions. The utilization of the SPICE‐compatible equivalent circuit stamp formalism for the numerical solution of Maxwell's equations using SPICE is illustrated for the case of the calculation of the resonant frequencies of a perfectly conducting, rectangular cavity resonator. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
A Method for Resisting Averaging Attacks on Digital Watermarks and Use of This Method with Digital Watermarks (2012)

A method is proposed for resisting averaging attacks, in which many users collude to make an average image in which the watermarked information is canceled out. This method works by minutely and uniquely changing the original image for each user (purchaser), which degrades the quality of the average image. A basic experiment showed that the greater the number of images degraded, the more effective the proposed method. Another experiment showed that the method is more effective when images with large distortion parameters are combined.
Transfer printing methods for the fabrication of flexible organic electronics (2007)

A transfer printing method for fabricating organic electronics onto flexible substrates has been developed. The method relies primarily on differential adhesion for the transfer of a printable layer from a transfer substrate to a device substrate. The works of adhesion and cohesion for successful printing are discussed and developed for a model organic thin-film transistor device consisting of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, gold (Au) gate and source/drain electrodes, a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) [or poly(4-vinylphenol)] dielectric layer, and a pentacene (Pn) organic semiconductor layer. The device components are sequentially printed onto the PET device substrate with no mixed processing steps performed on the device substrate. Optimum printing conditions for the Pn layer were determined to be 600psi and 120°C for 3min. A set of devices with a PMMA dielectric layer was measured as a function of channel length and exhibited a contact resistance corrected mobility of 0.237cm2∕Vs. This is larger than the mobility measured for a control device consisting of Pn thermally deposited onto the thermally oxidized surface of a silicon substrate (SiO2∕Si) with e-beam deposited Au top source/drain contacts. The structure of transfer printed Pn films was also investigated using x-ray diffraction. The basal spacing correlation length for a 50nm Pn film printed at 600psi and 120°C for 3min onto a PMMA surface showed a 35% increase as compared to an unprinted film on a thermally oxidized silicon substrate. The crystalline size was seen to correlate with the mobility as a function of printing conditions.