gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on regional citrate anticoagulation and the heparin law used in the application of CRRT (2013)

Objective To compare the clinical effects of regional citrate anticoagulation with heparin sodium anticoagulation method in the application of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).Methods In our hospital from November 2011 to December 2012,126 cases of C RRT were randomly divided into 2 groups,namely regional citrate anticoagulation group and heparin group.Heparin group was treated with conventional heparin anticoagulation therapy,regional citrate anticoagulation group was treated by regional citrate anticoagulation treatment.Results After treatment of regional citrate anticoagulation group patients did not appear hypernatremia and metabolic alkalosis; after treatment with heparin patients with total body calcium concentration decreased significantly,regional citrate anticoagulation group increased obviously.With comparison of the two groups,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion In the treatment of CRRT,regional citrate anticoagulation is more effective and safer than heparin anticoagulation

Key words: 
Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT); Regional citrate anticoagulation; Heparin
Inheritance of suppressors of the drug sensitivity of a NSR1 deleted yeast strain (2000)

The NSR1 gene product is involved in ribosomal RNA production and ribosome assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast strains carrying a deletion of the NSR1 gene have a defect in rRNA processing, an aberrant ribosome profile and are sensitive to the drug paromomycin. This paper reports the isolation and characterization of spontaneous suppressors of the paromomycin sensitivity. Such suppressors could be isolated at very high frequency and do not exhibit straightforward single-gene inheritance patterns. The suppressors are not influenced by non-Mendelian factors such as Ψ or ρ. Through a replacement of chromosomal rDNA with a plasmid rDNA system, I show that suppression of paromomycin sensitivity is mediated by rDNA. Swapping wild-type plasmid rDNA for chromosomal rDNA can reverse the suppression, but the effect does not appear to be due to amplification of rDNA or amplification of a pre-existing mutant rDNA copy. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
INTRATHECAL TRANSPLANTATION OF CULTURED CALF CHROMAFFIN CELLS ATTENUATE SENSORY MOTOR DYSFUNCTION IN A RAT MODEL OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN (2010)

The potential usefulness of chromaffin cells as a source of neuroactive agents for transplantation in the CNS is based on several promising features, including the diversity of biologically active neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and trophic factors produced by the cells. The purpose of this study was to test the possibility that motor as well as sensory dysfunction is reduced by cultured chromaffin cells. For this reason chromaffin cells were isolated from calf adrenal gland and were kept in DMEM-F12 at 37? C for two weeks. One week before transplantation, peripheral neuropathy was induced by a chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve of rats. At the time of transplantation, each rat received 100000-150000 cells. Behavioral tests included radiant heat, paw pinch, and, acetone. Motor function was tested by grasping reflex. The experiments illustrate that chromaffin cells can alleviate sensory and motor dysfunction consequence to peripheral nerve injury. These suggest that adrenal medullary chromaffin cells function as a local long-lasting agent at the spinal segment and further support the potential use of this approach for the treating of chronic pain.
Motion and flow insensitive adiabatic T2‐preparation module for cardiac MR imaging at 3 tesla (2012)

A versatile method for generating T2 -weighting is a T2 -preparation module, which has been used successfully for cardiac imaging at 1.5T. Although it has been applied at 3T, higher fields (B0 ≥ 3T) can degrade B0 and B1 homogeneity and result in nonuniform magnetization preparation. For cardiac imaging, blood flow and cardiac motion may further impair magnetization preparation. In this study, a novel T2 -preparation module containing multiple adiabatic B1 -insensitive refocusing pulses is introduced and compared with three previously described modules [(a) composite MLEV4, (b) modified BIR-4 (mBIR-4), and (c) Silver-Hoult-pair]. In the static phantom, the proposed module provided similar or better B0 and B1 insensitivity than the other modules. In human subjects (n = 21), quantitative measurement of image signal coefficient of variation, reflecting overall image inhomogeneity, was lower for the proposed module (0.10) than for MLEV4 (0.15, P < 0.0001), mBIR-4 (0.27, P < 0.0001), and Silver-Hoult-pair (0.14, P = 0.001) modules. Similarly, qualitative analysis revealed that the proposed module had the best image quality scores and ranking (both, P < 0.0001). In conclusion, we present a new T2 -preparation module, which is shown to be robust for cardiac imaging at 3T in comparison with existing methods.
Optimal Control of the Clamping Force for Metal V-Belt CVT (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Complement membrane attack is required for endplate damage and clinical disease in passive experimental myasthenia gravis in Lewis rats (2006)

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a debilitating and potentially fatal neuromuscular disease characterized by the generation of autoantibodies reactive with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChR) that cause loss of AChR from the neuromuscular endplate with resultant failure of neuromuscular transmission. A role for complement (C) in the pathology of human MG has been suggested based upon identification of C activation products in plasma and deposited at the endplate in MG. In the rat model, experimental autoimmune MG (EAMG), C depletion or inhibition restricts clinical disease, further implicating C in pathology. The mechanisms by which C activation drives pathology in MG and EAMG are unclear. Here we provide further evidence implicating C and specifically the membrane attack complex (MAC) in the Lewis rat passive EAMG model of MG. Rats deficient in C6, an essential component of the MAC, were resistant to disease induction and endplate destruction was reduced markedly compared to C6-sufficient controls. After reconstitution with C6, disease severity and endplate destruction in the C6-deficient rats was equivalent to that in controls. The data confirm the essential role of the MAC in the destruction of the endplate in EAMG and raise the prospect of specific MAC inhibition as an alternative therapy in MG patients resistant to conventional treatments.
Uncertainty in Data-Driven Kalman Filtering for Partially Known State-Space Models (2022)

Providing a metric of uncertainty alongside a state estimate is often crucial when tracking a dynamical system. Classic state estimators, such as the Kalman filter (KF), provide a time-dependent uncertainty measure from knowledge of the underlying statistics; however, deep learning based tracking systems struggle to reliably characterize uncertainty. In this paper, we investigate the ability of KalmanNet, a recently proposed; hybrid; model-based; deep state tracking algorithm, to estimate an uncertainty measure. By exploiting the interpretable nature of KalmanNet, we show that the error covariance matrix can be computed based on its internal features, as an uncertainty measure. We demonstrate that when the system dynamics are known, KalmanNet—which learns its mapping from data without access to the statistics—provides uncertainty similar to that provided by the KF; and while in the presence of evolution model-mismatch, KalmanNet provides a more accurate error estimation.
High-efficiency light-emitting diodes using neutral surfactants and aluminum cathode (2005)

High-efficiency polymer light-emitting diodes were fabricated by spin-coating a layer of neutral surfactant on top of the poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] electroluminescent (EL) layer to facilitate the electron injection through the high-work-function aluminum cathode. The external luminous efficiency of the device can reach 3.59 cd/A, which is higher than the control device (1.89 cd/A) using calcium as cathode. It was found that when the combination of surfactant and aluminum was used as cathode the abundant hole-injection through a hole-transporting layer and hole pile-up at the inner side of the EL/surfactant interface causes an effective electric field to enhance electron injection.
Paper Session II-B - Four Years of Science with the WFPC2 (1998)

As distant in time and space as the horizon of the visible Universe, and as near and contemporary as a string of comets colliding with Jupiter, the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 on the Hubble Space Telescope has brought us unprecedented views of our cosmic surroundings. Here we present highlights of the last four years of WFPC2 photometric imaging with the first large optical telescope in space, including new insights into the workings of our solar system, the life cycles of nebulae and stars in our galaxy, and the evolution of galaxies themselves over cosmic time.
Nuclear Thermal Propulsion for Robotic and Piloted Titan Missions (2009)

Although, the exploration of Titan has only just begun, the questions of Titan’s origin, history, surface conditions and especially its organic chemistry have increased enormously making it a among the most interesting bodies in the solar system. Sample return and human surface exploration would be able to answer many questions, but the velocity requirements for such missions readily exceed chemical propulsion capabilities. Completing such missions though is possible using bimodal nuclear thermal propulsion and in-situ propellant production. Titan’s atmosphere consists primarily of nitrogen (98.6%) with the rest mostly methane and ethane. There actually is a high probability for hydrocarbon lakes near the poles. The surface also appears to be composed primarily of water ice. These are important to the manufacture of hydrogen as propellant for the return. Methane, and ethane, heated, using a nuclear reactor for power, in the presence of steam readily produces carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The hydrogen can be easily separated and stored for the return. Using the hydrogen produced, a nuclear thermal rocket can efficiently complete robotic sample return, and even piloted, missions.
How to (Properly) Evaluate Cross-Lingual Word Embeddings: On Strong\n Baselines, Comparative Analyses, and Some Misconceptions (2019)

Cross-lingual word embeddings (CLEs) enable multilingual modeling of meaning\nand facilitate cross-lingual transfer of NLP models. Despite their ubiquitous\nusage in downstream tasks, recent increasingly popular projection-based CLE\nmodels are almost exclusively evaluated on a single task only: bilingual\nlexicon induction (BLI). Even BLI evaluations vary greatly, hindering our\nability to correctly interpret performance and properties of different CLE\nmodels. In this work, we make the first step towards a comprehensive evaluation\nof cross-lingual word embeddings. We thoroughly evaluate both supervised and\nunsupervised CLE models on a large number of language pairs in the BLI task and\nthree downstream tasks, providing new insights concerning the ability of\ncutting-edge CLE models to support cross-lingual NLP. We empirically\ndemonstrate that the performance of CLE models largely depends on the task at\nhand and that optimizing CLE models for BLI can result in deteriorated\ndownstream performance. We indicate the most robust supervised and unsupervised\nCLE models and emphasize the need to reassess existing baselines, which still\ndisplay competitive performance across the board. We hope that our work will\ncatalyze further work on CLE evaluation and model analysis.\n
Synthesis and Structure of New Carborane‐Substituted Cyclotriphosphazenes (2003)

The reactions of [N(3)P(3)Cl(6)] with one, two, or three equivalents of the difunctional 1,2-closo-carborane C(2)B(10)H(10)[CH(2)OH](2) and K(2)CO(3) in acetone have been investigated. These reactions led to the new spiro-closo-carboranylphosphazenes gem-[N(3)P(3)Cl(6-2n)[(OCH(2))(2)C(2)B(10)H(10)](n)] (n=1 (1), 2 (2)) and the first fully carborane-substituted phosphazene gem-[N(3)P(3)[(OCH(2))(2)C(2)B(10)H(10)](3)] (3). A bridged product, non-gem-[N(3)P(3)Cl(4)[(OCH(2))(2)C(2)B(10)H(10)]] (4), was also detected. The reaction of the well-known spiro derivatives [N(3)P(3)Cl(2)(O(2)C(12)H(8))(2)] and [N(3)P(3)Cl(4)(O(2)C(12)H(8))] with the same carborane-diol and K(2)CO(3) in acetone gave the new compounds gem-[N(3)P(3)(O(2)C(12)H(8))(3-n)[(OCH(2))(2)C(2)B(10)H(10)](n)] (n=1 (5) or 2 (6), respectively), without signs of intra- or intermolecularly bridged species. Upon treatment with NEt(3) in acetone, compound 5 was converted into the corresponding nido-carboranylphosphazene. However, the reaction of gem-[N(3)P(3)(O(2)C(12)H(8))(2)[(OCH(2))(2)C(2)B(10)H(10)]] (5) with NEt(3) in ethanol instead of acetone proceeded in a different manner to give the new compound (NHEt(3))(2)[N(3)P(3)(O(2)C(12)H(8))(2)(O)[OCH(2)C(2)B(9)H(10)CH(2)OCH(2)CH(3)]] (7). For compounds with two 2,2'-dioxybiphenyl units, gem-[N(3)P(3)(O(2)C(12)H(8))(2)[(OCH(2))(2)C(2)B(10)H(10)]] (5), (NHEt(3))[N(3)P(3)(O(2)C(12)H(8))(2)[(OCH(2))(2)C(2)B(9)H(10)]] (8), and (NHEt(3))(2)[N(3)P(3)(O(2)C(12)H(8))(2)(O)[OCH(2)C(2)B(9)H(10)CH(2)OCH(2)CH(3)]] (7), a mixture of different stereoisomers may be expected. However, for 5 and 7 only the meso compounds seem to be formed, with the same (R,S)-configuration as in the precursor [N(3)P(3)Cl(2)(O(2)C(12)H(8))(2)]. The reaction of 5 to give 8 seems to proceed with a change of configuration at one phosphorus center, giving a racemic mixture. The crystal structures of the nido-carboranylphosphazenes 7 and 8 have been confirmed by X-ray diffraction methods.
Clinical and in vivo confocal microscopic features of neuropathic corneal pain (2019)

NCP without visible clinical signs does not represent typical dry eye disease. Distinct signs demonstrated on IVCM suggest that peripheral NCP, which responds to topical anaesthesia, and central NCP, which does not, are separate entities.
Saturated patterned excitation microscopy—a concept for optical resolution improvement (2002)

The resolution of optical microscopy is limited by the numerical aperture and the wavelength of light. Many strategies for improving resolution such as 4Pi and I5M have focused on an increase of the numerical aperture. Other approaches have based resolution improvement in fluorescence microscopy on the establishment of a nonlinear relationship between local excitation light intensity in the sample and in the emitted light. However, despite their innovative character, current techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED) and ground-state depletion (GSD) microscopy require complex optical configurations and instrumentation to narrow the point-spread function. We develop the theory of nonlinear patterned excitation microscopy for achieving a substantial improvement in resolution by deliberate saturation of the fluorophore excited state. The postacquisition manipulation of the acquired data is computationally more complex than in STED or GSD, but the experimental requirements are simple. Simulations comparing saturated patterned excitation microscopy with linear patterned excitation microscopy (also referred to in the literature as structured illumination or harmonic excitation light microscopy) and ordinary widefield microscopy are presented and discussed. The effects of photon noise are included in the simulations.
Motion planning and control of a picture-based drawing robot system (2017)

The traditional drawing robot applications mostly need lots of manpower to select plotting points and determine the drawing process, which would took a long time and hard to design. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a drawing robot system, which can draw a picture what user wanted. There are two main parts in the drawing robot system. One is the delta robot manipulator that includes inverse kinematics and motor position control, and the other is image processing which detect edges and do motion planning for an image. Finally, the experiment results illustrate that the drawing robot system can save enormous labor resources and time by executing automatically. The detailed contributions of this paper are listed as follows: (1) the drawing robot system executes more efficiently compared to previous works. (2) The drawing robot system can save enormous labor resources and time by executing automatically. (3) The drawing robot system provides the results with high integrity.
Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Imidazolo[1,5]hexopiperidinoses and Imidazol‐4(5)‐yl‐C‐glycosides. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An FPGA-Based Singular Value Decomposition Processor (2006)

A two-sided rotation Jacobi SVD algorithm is used to compute the SVD and is implemented on a two million gate FPGA. A mesh-connected array structure is proposed based on Brent, Luk, and Van Loan's idea of an expandable square systolic array of simple 2x2 processors to compute the SVD of a large matrix, so as to shorten the iteration time and thus increase the implementation speed. The array consists of an n/2xn/2 array of 2x2 processor elements to compute the SVD of an nxn matrix. The trigonometric functions and the vector multiplication in the algorithm are tailored to the use of CORDIC (coordinate rotation digital computer) algorithms for hardware-efficient solutions. Two SVD processors, the basic SVD processor and the extended SVD processor, were developed. The algorithms to decompose the matrix were first evaluated in Matlab and then the processors were implemented using the Virtex-II FPGA from Xilinx as the target device. The basic SVD processor utilizes the proposed mesh-connected array structure and CORDIC algorithm. The implementation concentrates on utilizing the features of the FPGA to speed up operations and reduce the area required. In order to compute a large SVD without increasing the size of the FPGA, the extended SVD processor was developed to reuse the SVD array of the basic SVD processor. These two processors were successfully implemented on the FPGA device. Speed data and comparisons are presented
Nanomaterial Labels for Signal Amplification in Electrochemical Immunosensors (2017)

Electrochemical immunosensors function by measuring the changes in the electrical properties such as current, potential, conductance, capacitance, and impedance during an immunochemical reaction between antigen (target molecule) and the antibody [2,4]. Although capacitive and impedimetric immunosensors can be directly utilized to investigate the antibody-antigen interaction without the need of other reagents and separation steps, their analytical sensitivity is limited in clinical applications. Amperometric immunosensors based on the measurement of currents resulting from the electrochemical oxidation or reduction of electroactive species has attracted more interests for high sensitivity and low complexity instrumentation [4]. However, amperometric immunosensors requires labelling of either antigen or antibody, since both the reaction partners are electrochemically inert. Labelling is a time-consuming process, costly and denatures the biomolecules. Amperometric immunosensors that utilizes electrolyte solution containing reversible redox species, have been widely used as mediator probes instead of labelling antibodies/antigens; however, this causes electrode contamination, reagent-consumption and operation inconvenience. To solve these problems, immobilization of signal generating probe on electrode surfaces to construct label-free amperometric immunosensors has been proposed.
Influences of mesoscale anticyclonic eddies on the zooplankton community south of the western Aleutian Islands during the summer of 2010 (2013)

Mesoscale anticyclonic eddies have been observed south of the Aleutian Islands. Eddies farther east, in the Gulf of Alaska, are known to transport coastal water and coastal zooplankton to the offshore open ocean. The impacts of mesoscale anticyclonic eddies formed south of the western Aleutian Islands (Aleutian eddies) on the zooplankton community are not fully understood. In the present study, we describe zooplankton population structures within an Aleutian eddy and outside the eddy during July 2010. Based on the sea-level anomaly, the Aleutian eddy was formed south of Attu Island (172°54′E) in February 2010, and it moved southeastward in the next 5 months. Large oceanic copepods, Neocalanus cristatus, Eucalanus bungii and Metridia pacifica were more abundant inside the eddy than the outside. Inside the eddy, the life stage distribution of N. cristatus was more advanced than that outside, and Neocalanus spp. had accumulated more lipids. These conditions probably reflect the greater primary production in the eddy, production enhanced by nutrients advected into the eddy. The Aleutian eddy contained mostly oceanic copepods because it was formed in the offshore water and/or eddy–eddy interaction occurred after its formation. The sufficient food condition in the eddy presumably resulted in higher growth and survival rates of these oceanic copepods, resulting in the greater abundance, advanced development stages and greater lipid accumulation.
Ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence detection of DNA based on nanoporous gold electrode and PdCu@carbon nanocrystal composites as labels (2012)

A sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) DNA biosensor based on nanoporous gold (NPG) electrode and PdCu@carbon nanocrystals (CNCs) composites is developed. The CNCs were obtained simply by electrooxidation with abundant carboxyl groups at their surfaces. The NPG can be easily prepared by a selective dissolution of silver from silver-gold alloy in nitric acid, which has free-standing noble metal membranes with controllable three-dimensional (3D) porosity. The PdCu bimetallic nanocomposites with hierarchically hollow structures were fabricated through a simple replacement reaction using dealloyed nanoporous copper (NPC) as both a template and reducing agent. Structure characterization was obtained by means of transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The PdCu@CNCs composites exhibit 6 times higher ECL intensity than the pure CNC-labeled reporter DNA. Taking advantage of dual-amplification effects of the developed probe, a limit of detection as low as 18 aM can be achieved and the assay exhibits excellent selectivity for single-mismatched DNA detection even in human serum. The proposed ECL based method should have wide applications in diagnosis of genetic diseases due to its simplicity, low cost, and high sensitivity at extremely low concentrations.