gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peripheral MR Angiography: Separation of Arteries from Veins with Flow-spoiled Gradient Pulses in Electrocardiography-triggered Three-dimensional Half-Fourier Fast Spin-Echo Imaging (2003)

The authors evaluated a nonenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiographic technique that allows separation of arteries from veins. In 15 healthy subjects, peripheral MR angiography was performed with readout flow-spoiled gradient pulses in electrocardiography-triggered three-dimensional half-Fourier fast spin-echo MR imaging. Appropriate flow-spoiled gradient pulses were measured and applied in the three-dimensional acquisition to differentiate arteries and veins in the peripheral vasculature. Subtraction of the diastolic bright-blood arteries from the systolic black-blood arteries allowed visualization of the arteries by cancelling the veins, which are constantly depicted as bright blood throughout the cardiac cycle. Stronger flow-spoiled gradient pulses improved the depiction of slow-flow arteries even in the distal foot and hand vessels.
Environmentally responsive hydrogel composites for dynamic body thermoregulation (2023)

Hydrogel composites exhibiting dynamic thermo-hydro responsive modulation of infrared radiation (IR) in the 5-15 μm range are designed for personalized body thermoregulation. Fabrication of the proposed system relies on the periodic arrangement of submicron-sized spherical fine silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) particles within poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-based hydrogels. The dependence of the SiO<sub>2</sub> particles content on the IR reflection, followed by its modulation in response to any immediate environmental changes are thereby investigated. The addition of 20 wt% of SiO<sub>2</sub> allowed the hydrogel composites to reflect 20% of the IR emitted by the human body at constant temperature (<i>i.e. T</i> = 20 °C) and relative humidity (<i>i.e.</i> RH = 0%). According to Bragg's law, we found that the smaller the distance between the SiO<sub>2</sub> particles, the higher the IR reflection. The IR reflection further increased to a maximum of 42% when the resulting hydrogel composites are subjected to changes in relative humidity (<i>i.e.</i> RH = 60%) and temperature (<i>i.e. T</i> = 35 °C). Thermography is used to map the IR radiation emitted from the hydrogel composites when placed on the skin of the human body, demonstrating that the composite is actually reflecting IR. The latter results are supported by theoretical models that define the IR reflection profile of the resulting hydrogel composites with respect to the silica content, relative humidity and temperature.
FPGA switch block layout and evaluation (2002)

This paper presents abstract layout techniques for a variety of FPGA switch block architectures. We evaluate the relative density of subset, universal, and Wilton switch block architectures. For subset switch blocks of small size, we find the optimal implementations using a simple metric. We also develop a tractable heuristic that returns the optimal results for small switch blocks, and good results for large switch blocks. For switch blocks with general connectivity, we develop a representation and a layout evaluation technique. We use these techniques to compare a variety of small switch blocks. We find that the traditional Xilinx-style, subset switch block is superior to the other proposed architectures. Finally, we have hand-designed some small switch blocks to confirm our results.
Total thyroidectomy in therapy-resistant Graves' disease. (1994)

Total thyroidectomy seems to be a surgically safe procedure in complicated Graves' disease and to provide normalization of therapy-resistant thyrotrophin receptor antibody titers. Because favorable influences might also encompass severe endocrine ophthalmopathy, prospective analysis on its efficiency is warranted.
Mobile DNA II (2007)

This new edition of the bestselling series on movable genetic elements highlights the many exciting advances in the field over the last decade, including conservative site-specific recombination, programmed rearrangements, DNA-only transposons, and LTR, and non-LTR retrotransposons. Virtually all organisms contain multiple mobile DNAs that can move from place to place, and in some organisms, mobile DNA elements make up a significant portion of the genome. Mobile DNA III provides a comprehensive review of recent research, revealing the many important roles that mobile DNAs play in genome structure, function, and evolution. This book is part three of a series on mobile DNA. This title is published by the American Society of Microbiology Press and distributed by Taylor and Francis in rest of world territories.
Restoration of Skeletal Muscle Defects with Adult Human Cells Delivered on Fibrin Microthreads (2011)

Large-scale musculoskeletal wounds, such as those seen in trauma injuries, present poor functional healing prognoses. In severe trauma, when the native tissue architecture is destroyed or lost, the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle is diminished by scar formation. Here we demonstrate that a scaffold system composed of fibrin microthreads can provide an efficient delivery system for cell-based therapies and improve regeneration of a large defect in the tibialis anterior of the mouse. Cell-loaded fibrin microthread bundles implanted into a skeletal muscle resection reduced the overall fibroplasia-associated deposition of collagen in the wound bed and promoted in-growth of new muscle tissue. When fibrin microthreads were seeded with adult human cells, implanted cells contributed to the nascent host tissue architecture by forming skeletal muscle fibers, connective tissue, and PAX7-positive cells. Stable engraftment was observed at 10 weeks postimplant and was accompanied by reduced levels of collagen deposition. Taken together, these data support the design and development of a platform for microthread-based delivery of autologous cells that, when coupled to an in vitro cellular reprogramming process, has the potential to improve healing outcomes in large skeletal muscle wounds.
Chemical vapor deposition of epitaxial aluminum-substituted YIG for a bubble domain device (1972)

Aluminum-substituted yttrium iron garnet Y <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> Fe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5-x</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</inf> films were epitaxially grown on the
Interaction-Induced Transition at Low Densities in Silicon Inversion Layer (1979)

Intravalley exchange and correlation are found to induce a first-order transition at low densities in the inversion layer, lowering the valley degeneracy. For the $n$ channel on Si(100) surface, the reduction from two valleys to one occurs roughly below 3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{11}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. The one-valley phase with domain structure yields activated conductivity and other observed low-density behavior.
Ouabain Induced Seizures: Site of Production and Response to Anticonvulsants (1978)

Ouabain, an inhibitor of Na+ -K" -ATP'ase, has been administered intraventricularly to rats to study the effect of impairment of membrane transport mechanisms on the genesis of seizures. Running and leaping seizures occur rapidly after injection of ouabain in a low volume (10 microliter) when the maximal uptake of ouabain (39.8%) is the hippocampus. Generalized clonic-tonic seizures are induced by higher volume injections (50 microliter) associated with wider distribution of ouabain, including the cerebellum and brainstem. Ouabain was injected into cerebral cortex, caudate nucleus, dorsal hippocampus, fastigeal nucleus, ventrolateral mesencephalic reticular formation and cerebellar cortex. The cerebellar injections produced both running and leaping and generalized clonic-tonic seizures. It is suggested that this results from decreased inhibitory effect of vermal and paravermal Purkinje cells on intra-cerebellar nuclei, which alters cerebellar influence on the reticular formation and the limbic system. Diphenylhydantoin, phenobarbitone, phenacemide, carbamezepine and clonazepam but not ethosuximide are effective against generalized clonic-tonic seizures, suggesting that this is a model for "grand mal" but not "petit mal" seizure mechanisms. It is furthermore suggested that running and leaping are subcortical, probably limbic, seizures that are most relevant as a model for temporal lobe seizures.
3D Human Pose Estimation = 2D Pose Estimation + Matching (2017)

We explore 3D human pose estimation from a single RGB image. While many approaches try to directly predict 3D pose from image measurements, we explore a simple architecture that reasons through intermediate 2D pose predictions. Our approach is based on two key observations (1) Deep neural nets have revolutionized 2D pose estimation, producing accurate 2D predictions even for poses with self-occlusions (2) Big-datasets of 3D mocap data are now readily available, making it tempting to lift predicted 2D poses to 3D through simple memorization (e.g., nearest neighbors). The resulting architecture is straightforward to implement with off-the-shelf 2D pose estimation systems and 3D mocap libraries. Importantly, we demonstratethatsuchmethodsoutperformalmostallstate-of-theart 3D pose estimation systems, most of which directly try to regress 3D pose from 2D measurements.
Work and family life: revitalizing research and practice (2013)

Women and men have participated in work and family roles and responsibilities for thousands of years. Serious academic interest in the work and family interface is less than 50 years old (Kahn et al., 1964). Organizational interest in addressing work and family issues of employees is only 30 years old (Kossek et al., 2011a). During the past 30 years we have increased our understanding of antecedents and consequences of work–family concerns, with more organizations undertaking initiatives to support the work–family integration of their employees and lessening their conflict. But some contend that progress in both understanding and preventing work–family distress seems to have slowed during the past decade (e.g., Grzywacs and Demerouti, 2013; Kossek et al., 2011a).
Global Knockout of LDLRAP1 Regulates Atherosclerosis, Insulin Resistance, and VSMC Foam Cell Formation (2019)

Introduction Atherosclerotic vascular syndromes account for 50% of all mortality in the United States, and are a considerable medical and socioeconomic problem contributing to mortality of many conditions including myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, and peripheral vascular disease. Recent studies have implicated that as many as 70% of all cells in atherosclerotic lesions are vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)‐derived. VSMC express lipid receptors and can uptake oxidized‐LDL to form foam cells, affecting the size and lipid content of atherosclerotic plaques. Low‐Density Lipoprotein Receptor Adaptor Protein 1 (LDLRAP1) is a cytosolic adaptor protein which interacts with the cytoplasmic tail of the LDL receptor, internalizing the receptor when it engages with LDL. Mutations in this gene lead to LDL receptor malfunction and cause Autosomal Recessive Hypercholesterolemia (ARH) in humans. The hypercholesterolemia is assumed to be a result of impaired LDL internalization by hepatocytes. Surprisingly, no investigation into a function for LDLRAP1 in lipid internalization in VSMC, or ramifications on atherogenesis in mice lacking LDLRAP1 has been reported. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that while hepatic expression of LDLRAP1 is beneficial, LDLRAP1 expression in VSMC leads to VSMC foam cell formation and increased atherosclerosis. Results siRNA knockdown of LDLRAP1 in human primary VSMC leads to significantly reduced lipid uptake quantified by flow cytometry (p&lt;0.01). Foam cell formation was quantitated in LDLRAP1−/− VSMC – similar to human VSMC, VSMC excised and cultured from aortas of LDLRAP1−/− mice had reduced lipid uptake compared with wild‐type controls (p&lt;0.01). VSMC proliferation is also a key step in atherosclerotic plaque formation, and LDLRAP1−/− VSMC proliferated more slowly than wild‐type controls over a 7‐day period (p&lt;0.05). LDLRAP1−/− mice fed a high‐fat western diet (HFD) for 15 weeks had increased plaque burden compared with wild‐type controls (p&lt;0.01). Unexpectedly, LDLRAP1−/− mice gained significantly more weight on HFD compared with wild‐type control mice (25.72 ± 1.07 vs. 10.95 ± 0.7 grams). Obesity is associated with insulin resistance, and insulin tolerance tests indicated that LDLRAP1−/− mice are insulin resistant. Summary and conclusions These data are the first to suggest that lack of LDLRAP1 directly leads to atherosclerosis in mice. LDLRAP1 may play an important role in VSMC foam cell formation, and an unexpected role in metabolism. These data are a first step and imply that knocking out LDLRAP1 specifically in vascular smooth muscle cells may provide a novel approach to reduce vascular smooth muscle foam cell formation and subsequently atherogenesis without inducing the hypercholesterolemia associated with a global knockout. Support or Funding Information NIH‐NHLBI This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Signal Transduction in Drosophila Photoreceptors (1995)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
ChemInform Abstract: O‐Benzyl Hydroxyproline as a Bioisostere for Phe‐Pro: Novel Dipeptide Thrombin Inhibitors. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dual-band hybrid transmission line consisting of pure silica core fiber and dispersion compensating fiber (2002)

Ultimately small dispersion slope less than 0.003 ps/nm2/km was realized for both c and l bands by a novel pure-silica core fiber/dispersion compensating fiber hybrid transmission line, which also exhibited small average attenuation of 0.205 dB/km and low non-linearity.
A new molecular dynamics method combining the reference system propagator algorithm with a fast multipole method for simulating proteins and other complex systems (1995)

An efficient molecular dynamics (MD) algorithm is presented in this paper for biomolecular systems, which incorporates a novel variation on the fast multipole method (FMM) coupled to the reversible reference system propagator algorithm (r-RESPA). A top-down FMM is proposed which calculates multipoles recursively from the top of the box tree instead of from the bottom in Greengard’s original FMM, in an effort to be more efficient for noncubic or nonuniform systems. In addition, the use of noncubic box subdivisions of biomolecular systems is used and discussed. Reversible RESPA based on a Trotter factorization of the Liouville propagator in generating numerical integration schemes is coupled to the top-down FMM and applied to a MD study of proteins in vacuo, and is shown to be able to use a much larger time-step than the standard velocity Verlet method for a comparable level of accuracy. Furthermore, by using the FMM it becomes possible to perform MD simulations for very large biomolecules, since memory and CPU time requirements are now nearly of order of O(N) instead of O(N2). For a protein with 9513 atoms (the photosynthetic reaction center), the efficient MD algorithm leads to 20-fold reduction in CPU time for the Coulomb interaction and approximately 15-fold reduction in total CPU time over the standard velocity Verlet algorithm with a direct evaluation of Coulomb forces.
In Vitro and In Vivo Laser Treatments of Tattoos (2010)

High efficiency is reached in the removal of in vivo tattoos by using an irradiation wavelength at which the percentage of reflection from the pigment is minimal. Under this condition, laser pulses can be used with a low fluence, minimizing adverse effects and clinical time.
The roles of Eu during the growth of eutectic Si in Al-Si alloys (2015)

Controlling the growth of eutectic Si and thereby modifying the eutectic Si from flake-like to fibrous is a key factor in improving the properties of Al-Si alloys. To date, it is generally accepted that the impurity-induced twinning (IIT) mechanism and the twin plane re-entrant edge (TPRE) mechanism as well as poisoning of the TPRE mechanism are valid under certain conditions. However, IIT, TPRE or poisoning of the TPRE mechanism cannot be used to interpret all observations. Here, we report an atomic-scale experimental and theoretical investigation on the roles of Eu during the growth of eutectic Si in Al-Si alloys. Both experimental and theoretical investigations reveal three different roles: (i) the adsorption at the intersection of Si facets, inducing IIT mechanism, (ii) the adsorption at the twin plane re-entrant edge, inducing TPRE mechanism or poisoning of the TPRE mechanism, and (iii) the segregation ahead of the growing Si twins, inducing a solute entrainment within eutectic Si. This investigation not only demonstrates a direct experimental support to the well-accepted poisoning of the TPRE and IIT mechanisms, but also provides a full picture about the roles of Eu atoms during the growth of eutectic Si, including the solute entrainment within eutectic Si.
Changes in topoisomerase I activity after irradiation of lymphoid cells (1985)

The activity of topoisomerase I in nuclear extracts increased about three-fold 5 min after gamma-irradiation (840-2500 rads) of human peripheral blood lymphocytes or cultured lymphoblastoid cells. The change may reflect modification of the enzyme by nuclear ADP-ribosyl transferase, which is known to be activated by DNA breaks.
Flexible-length fast Fourier transform for mapping onto single-instruction multiple-data computing architecture (2006)

A novel and flexible approach to the design and implementation of fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) of standard (fixed-radix) or non-standard length is described. By adopting a two-factor formulation, based upon either the prime factor algorithm or the common factor algorithm, where one factor, N1, is an integer power, and the other, N2, a small integer (odd- or even-valued), the (N1×N2)-point 1D discrete Fourier transform (DFT) can be carried out via the ‘row–column’ method with the design of just two generic DFT/FFT modules. Processing the small row-DFTs coefficient-by-coefficient, rather than DFT-by-DFT, it is seen how the usual requirement for matrix transposition of the row-DFT output can be eliminated. This reduces the processing requirement to a number of independent processes in which each process generates a set of small-DFT coefficients prior to computing a fixed-radix FFT of the resulting coefficient set. Hardware efficiency/simplicity is achieved by computing the small-DFT coefficients via a modified form of the Goertzel DFT (GDFT) filter, referred to here as the ‘dual-coefficient’ GDFT filter, which simultaneously computes two DFT coefficients. The resulting decomposition maps onto just ⌊½N2⌋+1 processing elements (PEs), via the single-instruction multiple-data computing architecture, in which each PE comprises two types of module: one corresponding to a dual-coefficient GDFT filter bank, the other to the associated dual-data FFTs. This yields flexible-length FFTs that lend themselves naturally to multi-level parallelisation, overcoming the communication problems associated with mapping sequentially optimal FFT algorithms onto multi-processor computing architectures.
The Geobacillus Plasmid Set: A Modular Toolkit for Thermophile Engineering (2016)

Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius is a Gram-positive thermophile of industrial interest that exhibits rapid growth and can utilize a variety of plant-derived feedstocks. It is an attractive chassis organism for high temperature biotechnology and synthetic biology applications but is currently limited by a lack of available genetic tools. Here we describe a set of modular shuttle vectors, including a promoter library and reporter proteins. The compact plasmids are composed of interchangeable modules for molecular cloning in Escherichia coli and stable propagation in G. thermoglucosidasius and other Geobacillus species. Modules include two origins of replication, two selectable markers and three reporter proteins for characterization of gene expression. For fine-tuning heterologous expression from these plasmids, we include a characterized promoter library and test ribosome binding site design. Together, these gene expression tools and a standardized plasmid set can facilitate modularity and part exchange to make Geobacillus a thermophile chassis for synthetic biology.
What’s the DX? Girl with fatigue, high fever, palpable spleen (2012)

An 11-year-old girl presents to a pediatrician’s office in New Jersey in late summer with a history of seven days of fever, reaching a maximum of 40.6 degrees Celsius (105 degrees Fahrenheit). She describes fatigue associated with chills, sweats, mild arthralgia, abdominal pain and a nonproductive
Discovery and validation of autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease mutations (2018)

In defining a subset of these variants as pathogenic, individuals from these families can now be enrolled in observational and clinical trials. This study outlines a critical approach for translating genetic data into meaningful clinical outcomes.
A High Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (2019)

Patients with CVID had a high prevalence of GI manifestations and infections of the GI tract. GI inflammation was associated with a distinct immunophenotype and elevated fecal calprotectin.
Lock-in thermography approach for imaging the efficiency of light emitters and optical coolers (2017)

Developing optical cooling technologies requires access to reliable efficiency measurement techniques and ability to detect spatial variations in the efficiency and light emission of the devices. We investigate the possibility to combine the calorimetric efficiency measurement principles with lock-in thermography (LIT) and conventional luminescence microscopy to enable spatially resolved measurement of the efficiency, current spreading and local device heating of double diode structures (DDS) serving as test vessels for developing thermophotonic cooling devices. Our approach enables spatially resolved characterization and localization of the losses of the double diode structures as well as other light emitting semiconductor devices. In particular, the approach may allow directly observing effects like current crowding and surface recombination on the light emission and heating of the DDS devices.