gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CASH (2016)

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Clouds have grown increasingly important. Recent architecture designs support IaaS providers through fine-grain configurability, allowing providers to orchestrate low-level resource usage. Little work, however, has been devoted to supporting IaaS customers who must determine how to use such fine-grain configurable resources to meet quality-of-service (QoS) requirements while minimizing cost. This is a difficult problem because the multiplicity of configurations creates a non-convex optimization space. In addition, this optimization space may change as customer applications enter and exit distinct processing phases. In this paper, we overcome these issues by proposing CASH: a fine-grain configurable architecture co-designed with a cost-optimizing runtime system. The hardware architecture enables configurability at the granularity of individual ALUs and L2 cache banks and provides unique interfaces to support low-overhead, dynamic configuration and monitoring. The runtime uses a combination of control theory and machine learning to configure the architecture such that QoS requirements are met and cost is minimized. Our results demonstrate that the combination of fine-grain configurability and non-convex optimization provides tremendous cost savings (70% savings) compared to coarse-grain heterogeneity and heuristic optimization. In addition, the system is able to customize configurations to particular applications, respond to application phases, and provide near optimal cost for QoS targets.
The Role of Corporate Governance in the IPO Process: a note (2004)

Corporate governance as a coherent notion and independent topic of academic and practitioner interest has developed rapidly in the last ten years. In particular, most countries have seen the publication of vast numbers of regulatory reports outlining best practice in handling the issues that arise from the increased prominence of the governance concept. Although a vast literature exists on the implications of an Initial Public Offering (IPO) for financial performance and ownership structure, few investigations have communicated directly with issuing firms and analysed the practical difficulties encountered on a day‐to‐day basis when a company decides to float. In particular, very few studies have sought to examine what corporate governance changes, if any, are made in the process. This note reports the findings of a questionnaire survey and a series of interviews with practitioners about the changes that are made before and after a sample of IPOs in the UK.
A High-Temperature Superconducting Receiver for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy (1993)

A high-temperature superconducting-receiver system for use in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) microscopy is described. The scaling behavior of sources of sample and receiver-coil noise is analyzed, and it is demonstrated that Johnson, or thermal, noise in the receiver coil is the factor that limits resolution. The behavior of superconductors in the environment of an NMR experiment is examined, and a prototypical system for imaging biological specimens is discussed. Preliminary spin-echo images are shown, and the ultimate limits of the signal-to-noise ratio of the probe are investigated.
Assessment of the local windblown component of dust in the western United States (2007)

We estimated the contributions of windblown dust from nearby area sources to dust concentrations at Class I areas in the western United States including Alaska and Hawaii. The approach utilized multivariate linear regression of dust concentrations against categorized wind conditions (wind direction and speed) for all 2001–2003 data for 70 Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments sites. Statistically significant associations between dust concentrations and at least one of the wind variables were found at 41 sites with correlation coefficients as high as 0.97. At some sites, primarily in New Mexico and Texas, windblown dust from nearby sources accounted for up to 3 μ g m −3 over the 2001–2003 period. In addition, the impact of local windblown dust sources during the 20% worst visibility days when dust was the major component of visibility reduction (worst dust days) was examined. A total of 608 worst dust days were identified for 2001–2003, mostly at Class I areas in southwestern states during spring and summer with 24‐h average dust concentrations as high as 153 μ g m −3 . Windblown dust from local sources was present with statistical confidence on many of the worst dust days at sites in New Mexico, Utah, Colorado, southern Texas, and Death Valley in California. A smaller percentage of worst dust days were associated with local windblown dust in Arizona and other sites in southern California, suggesting either nonwindblown or distant sources of dust. The methods discussed can serve as a useful, semiquantitative tool for identifying sites where local wind conditions affect dust concentrations.
Thermal Metallization of Silver Stearate-Coated Nanoparticles Owing to the Destruction of the Shell Structure (2004)

Nanoparticles composed of a silver stearate shell and a silver core became metallic bulk silver by heating at a temperature (340 °C) lower than the melting point of silver metal (960 °C). The metallization was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, difference thermogravimetric analysis, FT-IR and UV−vis spectroscopy, electrochemical techniques, scanning electron microscopy, and measurements of the density of the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles decreased in mass by 20%, which was equivalent to the amount of the stearate shell. The low-temperature metallization resulted from the thermal decomposition of the shell of silver stearate into silver species. It involved two steps. The first, occurring at 250 °C, was the decomposition to porous silver particles through the first-order reaction with an activation energy of 111 kJ mol-1. The second, occurring at 340 °C, was a structure change from porous particles to silver bulk crystals.
Active-Site Mutations of Diphtheria Toxin: Role of Tyrosine-65 in NAD Binding and ADP-Ribosylation (1994)

Previous studies have suggested that tyrosine-65 (Tyr-65) of diphtheria toxin (DT) is located at the active site. To investigate the role of Tyr-65 in NAD binding and the ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor-2 (EF-2), we changed this residue to alanine and phenylalanine by site-directed mutagenesis of a synthetic gene encoding the catalytic fragment of DT (DTA). The alanine mutant was greatly diminished in ADP-ribosylation activity (350-fold) and NAD-glycohydrolase activity (88-fold), whereas the phenylalanine mutant was reduced in these activities only slightly. Dissociation constants (Kd) for NAD binding were 15 microM for wild-type DTA, 26 microM for the phenylalanine mutant, and greater than 800 microM NAD for the alanine mutant. However, both mutant enzymes were found to bind adenosine with nearly equal affinity as wild-type DTA. These results support a model of ADP-ribosylation in which the phenolic ring of Tyr-65 interacts with the nicotinamide ring of NAD, orienting the N-glycosidic bond of NAD for attack by the incoming nucleophile in a direct displacement mechanism.
Maternal Body Mass Index Does Not Affect Neonatal Umbilical Artery Blood Gas Parameters (2013)

This study was undertaken to assess the impact of obesity on fetal well-being in glucose-tolerant and nonhypertensive women. Medical charts of all patients admitted to the labor and delivery department at our institution between January, 2011 and July, 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance or hypertension were excluded. A total of 100 women, 50 lean and 50 obese, were included. Umbilical artery blood gas parameters (BGPs) were compared in lean (<25 kg/m(2)) and obese (≥ 30 kg/m(2)) women. Obese and lean women were comparable with respect to all baseline characteristics. There was no difference in any of the BGP or Apgar scores between obese and lean patients. Pearson's correlation coefficient found no significant correlation between BMI and BGP/Apgar scores. Maternal obesity does not seem to affect BGP and fetal well-being in glucose-tolerant and nonhypertensive women.
Preface (1988)

The films of Olivier, Welles, Brook and Kurosawa constitute the most important material upon which this study has been based. It is only right, therefore, to point out that certain variations were noticed in the prints available for viewing. Not only were there omissions which reduced the duration of most prints from the advertised time lengths, but in some cases sections of film had been replaced in the wrong sequence. Only once was it possible to see a print of Kurosawa's Throne of Blood which included the prolonged and very significant sequence of Washizu and Miki (the respective Macbeth and Banquo figures) as they ride into and out of the forest mist early in the film's action. One print of Olivier's Richard III was 18 minutes short of its advertised length. These variations had to be accepted as inevitable disparities.
Cyclodextrins in Analytical Chemistry: Host–Guest Type Molecular Recognition (2013)

Cyclodextrins are utilized in many diverse fields of analytical chemistry, due to their propensity to form reversible inclusion complexes and recognize analytes selectively. This Feature shows how these nanocavities can serve analysts in sample preparation, sensitivity and selectivity improvement, enantio-separation, creating single-molecule sensors, and automatizing DNA sequencing.
Dense reconstruction on-the-fly (2012)

We present a novel system that is capable of generating live dense volumetric reconstructions based on input from a micro aerial vehicle. The distributed reconstruction pipeline is based on state-of-the-art approaches to visual SLAM and variational depth map fusion, and is designed to exploit the individual capabilities of the system components. Results are visualized in real-time on a tablet interface, which gives the user the opportunity to interact. We demonstrate the performance of our approach by capturing several indoor and outdoor scenes on-the-fly and by evaluating our results with respect to a ground-truth model.
Asymmetric hydrogenation catalyzed by cationic ferrocenylphosphine rhodium(I) complexes and the crystal structure of a catalyst precursor (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric hydrogenation catalyzed by cationic ferrocenylphosphine rhodium(I) complexes and the crystal structure of a catalyst precursorWilliam R. Cullen, Frederick W. B. Einstein, Chung-Hsi Huang, Anthony C. Willis, and E. Shan YehCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 3, 988–993Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00523a014Request reuse permissionsArticle Views272Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (681 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The effect of nozzle geometry on the flow characteristics of small water jets (2006)

A wide variety of processes make use of plain orifice nozzles. Fuel injectors for internal combustion engines incorporate these nozzles to generate finely atomized sprays. Processes such as jet cutting, jet cleaning, and hydroentanglement, on the other hand, use similar nozzles, but require coherent jets. The spray or jet characteristics depend on the stability of the flow emerging from the orifice. This problem has been extensively researched for nozzles with diameters above 300 μm. Much less is known about the characteristics of jets produced by nozzles with smaller diameters, where viscous effects and small geometric variations due to manufacturing tolerances are likely to play an increasing role. Results are presented of a wide-ranging investigation of geometry effects on the flow parameters and jet characteristics of nozzles with diameters between 120 and 170 μm. Nozzles with circular cross-section and conical, cone-capillary and capillary axial designs were investigated. For conical and cone-capillary nozzles, the effect of cone angle and effects due to interactions between adjacent nozzles in the multi-hole cone-capillary nozzles were studied. For capillary nozzles, the effects of diameter variations and inlet edge roundness for capillary nozzles were considered. Furthermore, the effect of varying the aspect ratio (ratio of major and minor axes) of elliptical nozzles was studied. Flowrate and jet impact force measurements were carried out to determine the discharge coefficient C d , velocity coefficient C v , and contraction coefficient C c of the nozzles for supply pressures between 3 and 12 MPa. Visualizations of the jet flow were carried out in the vicinity of the nozzle exit in order to identify near-nozzle flow regimes and to study jet coherence. The relationship between nozzle geometry, discharge characteristics, and jet coherence is examined.
Acetylenedicarboxylic Acid (2003)

Abstract Acetylenedicarboxylic acid product: acetylenedicarboxylic acid intermediate: potassium acetylenedicarboxylate
Human DNA polymerase possesses 5'-dRP lyase activity and functions in single-nucleotide base excision repair in vitro (2009)

DNA polymerase theta (Pol theta) is a low-fidelity DNA polymerase that belongs to the family A polymerases and has been proposed to play a role in somatic hypermutation. Pol theta has the ability to conduct translesion DNA synthesis opposite an AP site or thymine glycol, and it was recently proposed to be involved in base excision repair (BER) of DNA damage. Here, we show that Pol theta has intrinsic 5'-deoxyribose phosphate (5'-dRP) lyase activity that is involved in single-nucleotide base excision DNA repair (SN-BER). Full-length human Pol theta is a approximately 300-kDa polypeptide, but we show here that the 98-kDa C-terminal region of Pol theta possesses both DNA polymerase activity and dRP lyase activity and is sufficient to carry out base excision repair in vitro. The 5'-dRP lyase activity is independent of the polymerase activity, in that a polymerase inactive mutant retained full 5'-dRP lyase activity. Domain mapping of the 98-kDa enzyme by limited proteolysis and NaBH(4) cross-linking with a BER intermediate revealed that the dRP lyase active site resides in a 24-kDa domain of Pol theta. These results are consistent with a role of Pol theta in BER.
Instruction Cache Prediction Using Bayesian Networks (2010)

Storing instructions in caches has led to dramatic increases in the speed at which programs can execute. However, this has also made it harder to reason about the time needed for execution in those domains where temporal behaviour of code is important. This paper presents a novel approach to predicting which instructions will be found in the cache when required using machine learning. More specifically, we demonstrate a method in which a Bayesian network is inferred from examples of a program running and is then used to predict the presence of instructions in the cache when the same program is run with unknown inputs.
Synthesis of Novel Azaspiro[3.4]octanes as Multifunctional Modules in Drug Discovery (2011)

Step-economic and scalable syntheses of novel thia-azaspiro[3.4]octanes are reported. These spirocycles and some related intermediates can serve as uncharted multifunctional modules for drug discovery chemistry.
Atmospheric correction of ocean color imagery: test of the spectral optimization algorithm with the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (2001)

We implemented the spectral optimization algorithm [SOA; Appl. Opt. 37, 5560 (1998)] in an image-processing environment and tested it with Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS) imagery from the Middle Atlantic Bight and the Sargasso Sea. We compared the SOA and the standard SeaWiFS algorithm on two days that had significantly different atmospheric turbidities but, because of the location and time of the year, nearly the same water properties. The SOA-derived pigment concentration showed excellent continuity over the two days, with the relative difference in pigments exceeding 10% only in regions that are characteristic of high advection. The continuity in the derived water-leaving radiances at 443 and 555 nm was also within ~10%. There was no obvious correlation between the relative differences in pigments and the aerosol concentration. In contrast, standard processing showed poor continuity in derived pigments over the two days, with the relative differences correlating strongly with atmospheric turbidity. SOA-derived atmospheric parameters suggested that the retrieved ocean and atmospheric reflectances were decoupled on the more turbid day. On the clearer day, for which the aerosol concentration was so low that relatively large changes in aerosol properties resulted in only small changes in aerosol reflectance, water patterns were evident in the aerosol properties. This result implies that SOA-derived atmospheric parameters cannot be accurate in extremely clear atmospheres.
Biaxial testing for the modeling of the thermoforming processes (2005)

Modeling techniques for thermoforming have become increasingly important in optimizing products and processes. Model accuracy is strongly dependent on the integrity of experimental data used to fit model parameters. For this reason, a custom-built biaxial forming machine capable of strain rate up to 32s -1 was constructed in order to obtain experimental data at conditions similar to those in thermoforming processes. The biaxial deformation behaviors of a wide range of thermoplastic materials such as PET, PS, PP, and LDPE have been analyzed in three different stretching modes (simultaneous equal biaxial, constant width, and sequential stretching). The results are presented in the paper.
Solid organ transplantation in the HIV-positive patient (2002)

Patients with HIV have traditionally been excluded from solid organ transplantation because of concerns that postoperative immunosuppression would adversely affect the progression of HIV disease, and the short lifespan of HIV-positive patients would not merit the benefits gained with transplantation. However, with the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy and associated improvements in morbidity and mortality, patients with HIV are increasingly seeking organ transplantation as a treatment option. Early experience with liver and kidney transplantation in patients who were retrospectively identified to have HIV, or who acquired HIV perioperatively, suggested slightly poorer outcomes in these patients. However, experience is limited with these patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Given the improved prognosis of patients with HIV as a whole, it is anticipated that the outcomes of HIV-positive recipients of solid organ transplants will likewise improve. The published literature on this topic in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (after approximately 1996) is limited. However, preliminary data has suggested that solid organ transplantation is a viable option in selected patients with HIV. Further prospective studies examining the effect of HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy on graft function and survival, the effect of immunosuppression on the natural history of HIV, and the pharmacologic interactions between highly active antiretroviral therapy and immunosuppressive medications will need to be performed.
SPAG9 expression is increased in human prostate cancer and promotes cell motility, invasion and angiogenesis in vitro (2014)

Sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) is a recently characterized oncoprotein involved in the progression of several human malignancies. To elucidate the role of SPAG9 in the development of human prostate cancer (PCa), tissue microarray (TMA) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the clinical relevance of SPAG9 in PCa tissues. We found that SPAG9 expression was increased in the PCa tissues when compared with the level in the tumor adjacent normal prostate tissues, and increased SPAG9 staining was significantly correlated with TNM stage and tumor grade. We also examined prostate cancer cell motility, invasion and angiogenesis ability following reduced SPAG9 expression by siRNA. Our data showed that knockdown of SPAG9 in prostate cancer cell lines inhibited cell motility and invasion due to the inactivation of metalloproteinase-2 (MMP‑2)/MMP-9 by upregulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1)/TIMP-2. Furthermore, downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion greatly contributed to the reduced ability of angiogenesis. Our data indicate that SPAG9 expression is significantly increased in PCa and it may be involved in the process of prostate cancer cell motility, migration and angiogenesis.
Bond Insertion, Complexation, and Penetration Pathways of Vapor-Deposited Aluminum Atoms with HO- and CH3O-Terminated Organic Monolayers (2002)

The interaction of vapor-deposited Al atoms with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of HS-(CH(2))(16)-X (X = -OH and -OCH(3)) chemisorbed at polycrystalline Au[111] surfaces was studied using time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Whereas quantum chemical theory calculations show that Al insertion into the C-C, C-H, C-O, and O-H bonds is favorable energetically, it is observed that deposited Al inserts only with the OH SAM to form an -O-Al-H product. This reaction appears to cease prior to complete -OH consumption, and is followed by formation of a few overlayers of a nonmetallic type of phase and finally deposition of a metallic film. In contrast, for the OCH(3) SAM, the deposited Al atoms partition along two parallel paths: nucleation and growth of an overlayer metal film, and penetration through the OCH(3) SAM to the monolayer/Au interface region. By considering a previous observation that a CH(3) terminal group favors penetration as the dominant initial process, and using theory calculations of Al-molecule interaction energies, we suggest that the competition between the penetration and overlayer film nucleation channels is regulated by small differences in the Al-SAM terminal group interaction energies. These results demonstrate the highly subtle effects of surface structure and composition on the nucleation and growth of metal films on organic surfaces and point to a new perspective on organometallic and metal-solvent interactions.