gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies on Biological Activity of Cyclic Imide Compounds (1971)

The structure-activity relationships of 3-phenyloxazolidine-2, 4-diones, 3-phenyl-4-imino-oxazolidine-2-ones and N-phenylcarbamates were investigated on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by the agar medium dilution method. In addition, antimicrobial spectra of several compounds against other 15 pathogenic microbes were investigated by the same method. In each series, 3, 5-dihalo-substituents on benzene ring are essential to high antifungal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and in the case of N-phenylcarbamates, it is necessary that the α-position of alcohol moiety is substituted by such a group as cyano group, ethoxy-carbonyl group or carbamoyl group. α-Cyanoisopropyl N-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl) carbamate, 3-(3', 5'-dichlorophenyl)-5, 5-dimethyl-4-iminooxazolidine-2-one and 3-(3', 5'-dichlorophenyl)-5, 5-dimethyloxazolidine-2, 4-dione were the most effective and completely inhibited the mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum at 3.2 pM (about 1.0ppm). In general, 3-(3', 5'-dichlorophenyl) oxazolidine-2, 4-diones and related compounds are highly active against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea, and fairly active against Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Pellicularia filamentosa, Pellicularia sasakii and Alternaria kikuchiana.
Persistence of abnormalities in metabolism of apolipoproteins B-100 and A-I after weight reduction in patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia. (1992)

Obesity commonly accompanies hypertriglyceridemia, and weight reduction is widely recommended for treatment of elevated triglyceride levels. To determine whether weight reduction will normalize lipoprotein metabolism in overweight, hypertriglyceridemic patients, 10 such male patients underwent weight loss until their body weights were within the desirable range. After reestablishment of a steady state in body weight at the lower level, measurements were made of plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein levels and the kinetics of low density lipoprotein (LDL) apolipoprotein B-100 (apo B) and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I). The patients lost an average of 10.6 +/- 2.1 kg (mean +/- SEM). Plasma triglyceride concentrations fell from 431 +/- 42 mg/dl to 248 +/- 27 mg/dl (p less than 0.001), whereas concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total apo B, and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were unchanged after weight loss. On average, the fractional catabolic rates (FCRs) for LDL were much higher in the patients after weight loss than in 16 normal control subjects (0.55 +/- 0.06 versus 0.31 +/- 0.06 pool/day), and input rates for LDL also were higher for hypertriglyceridemic patients after weight loss (22.2 +/- 2.4 versus 12.8 +/- 2.3 mg/kg.day). Compared with 20 normal control subjects, hypertriglyceridemic patients after weight reduction had persistent low HDL cholesterol levels (32 +/- 2 versus 54 +/- 3 mg/dl) as well as low apo A-I levels (99 +/- 5 versus 122 +/- 4 mg/dl).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effectiveness and adverse events of topical and allergen immunotherapy for atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol (2020)

PROSPERO Protocol ID CRD42019147106.
Population-Based Risks of CNS Tumors in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: The British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (2010)

The largest-ever study, to our knowledge, of CNS tumors in survivors of childhood cancer indicates that the risk of meningioma increases rapidly with increased dose of radiation to meningeal tissue and with increased dose of intrathecal methotrexate.
Expression of the bcl-2 gene in human multiple myeloma cell lines and normal plasma cells (1992)

The bcl-2 gene, encoding a mitochondrial membrane protein suggested to play an important role in cell survival, is translocated into the Ig loci in about 80% of human follicular lymphomas, which results in a high level of expression. This report shows that bcl-2 was expressed in eight of eight human multiple myeloma cell lines and in normal lymph node and bone marrow plasma cells. In the majority of the myeloma lines, the level of expression was comparable with that observed in Karpas 422, a follicular lymphoma cell line carrying a 14;18 translocation of the bcl-2 gene. DNA rearrangements of the bcl-2 locus were evident in only one of the myeloma cell lines, U-266–1970. In this cell line, which exhibited the highest bcl-2 expression, a fourfold increased copy number of the bcl-2 gene was estimated by Southern analysis. This amplification was lost in cells of later passages (U-266– 1984), suggesting that bcl-2 might possibly have played a role in the tumor development in vivo. Our results are in contrast to previous observations in murine plasmacytoma, in which bcl-2 was shown to be silent. The results also contradict the published observation that bcl- 2 is not expressed at terminal stages of B-cell differentiation. It is at present unclear whether the high expression of bcl-2 in human myeloma is the result of a deregulated expression associated with the malignant phenotype or a mere reflection of the bcl-2 expression typical of normal plasma cells.
Impact of Statin Use on Survival in Patients Undergoing Resection for Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer (2015)

The effects of statins varied by agent and dose. Active use of moderate-high-dose simvastatin at baseline was associated with improved overall and disease-free survival among patients undergoing resection for pancreatic cancer.
Vibration and acoustic wave detecting device employing a piezoelectric element (1988)

First Page
Invasion inhibition effects and immunogenicity after vaccination of SPF chicks with a Salmonella Enteritidis live vaccine (2021)

The results of this study demonstrate that vaccination with the <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis phage type 4 live vaccine significantly inhibits the invasion of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and Infantis. Furthermore, an adaptive immune response was also detected against non-phage type 4 <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis strains and a monophasic <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium strain.
What inductive bias gives good neural network training performance? (2000)

There has been an increased interest in the use of prior knowledge for training neural networks. Given a set of training examples and an initial domain theory, a neural network is constructed that fits the training examples by preprogramming some of the weights. The initialized neural network is then trained using backpropagation to refine the knowledge. This paper proposes a heuristic for determining the strength of the inductive bias by making use of gradient information in weight space in the direction of the programmed weights. The network starts its search in weight space where the gradient is maximal thus speeding-up convergence. Tests on a benchmark problem from molecular biology demonstrate that our heuristic, on average, reduces the training time by 60% compared to a random choice of the strength of the inductive bias; this performance is within 20% of the training time that can be achieved with the optimal inductive bias. The difference in generalization performance is not statistically significant.
Abstract 1699: Treatment with agonist anti-GITR antibody after chemotherapy enhances tumor immunity (2018)

Abstract Stimulation of glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) has been shown to enhance antitumor immunity by stimulating effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and attenuating suppression and depleting by CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg). However, GITR monotherapy does not effectively control tumor growth. We hypothesize that cyclophosphamide (CTX), a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent with key immunomodulatory properties, can enhance the potency of GITR engagement anti-tumor effects. Further, we hypothesize that CTX can induce neoantigen formation by increasing tumor mutation burden. In this study, we administered high-dose CTX (250 mg/kg) followed the next day by an agonist anti-GITR antibody (DTA-1) to C56BL/6 mice bearing poorly immunogenic B16 melanoma tumors. We found that the combination therapy can cause regression of established tumors whereas the single agents did not. Mechanistically, we found that CTX administration results in tumor antigen release, which enhances the antitumor T cell response after treatment with DTA-1. This effect is lost when lower doses of CTX are given or CTX is administered prior to tumor inoculation, suggesting that tumor cell death and cross-presentation of tumor antigens to T cells is necessary. Furthermore, Treg cells are an important target of combination therapy. Intratumoral Treg levels were substantially reduced in treated mice, which greatly increased the ratio of T effector/Treg in the tumor. In conclusion, CTX and agonist anti-GITR antibody slows tumor progression and can induce regression of palpable, poorly immunogenic B16 melanoma tumors, likely by enhancing cross-priming and increasing the T effector/Treg ratio in the tumor. Thus, this combination warrants further investigation as a novel immunotherapy approach and provides rational for exploring combination of GITR agonist antibodies with chemotherapeutic treatments in clinical settings. Citation Format: Allison Betof Warner, Daniel Hirschhorn, Adam Cohen, Cailian Liu, Walter Newman, Cyndi Sirard, Jedd Wolchok, Taha Merghoub. Treatment with agonist anti-GITR antibody after chemotherapy enhances tumor immunity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1699.
ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION IN THE OH--H2O EXCHANGE REACTION (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION IN THE OH--H2O EXCHANGE REACTIONMichael. Green and Henry. TaubeCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1963, 67, 7, 1565–1566Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100801a507https://doi.org/10.1021/j100801a507research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views189Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Synergistic actions of FGF2 and bone marrow transplantation mitigate radiation-induced intestinal injury (2018)

Unwanted radiological or nuclear exposure remains a public health risk for which effective therapeutic countermeasures are lacking. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) in treating radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (RIGS) incurred by lethal whole-body irradiation (WBI) when administered in conjunction with bone marrow transplantation (BMT). In vitro experiments indicated FGF2 treatment increased proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and upregulated AKT-GSK3β/β-catenin signaling in irradiated IEC-6 cells. We next established and analyzed mice cohorts consisting of sham irradiation (Group Sh); 12 Gy WBI (Group A); WBI with BMT (Group B); WBI with FGF2 treatment (Group F); and WBI with BMT and FGF2 treatment (Group BF). At 2 weeks post-irradiation, Group BF showed a dramatic increase in survival over all other groups. Intestinal epithelium of Group BF, but not Group B or F, showed augmented proliferation, decreased apoptosis, and preserved crypt numbers and morphology. Furthermore, Group BF maintained intestinal barrier function with minimal inflammatory disturbances in a manner comparable to Group Sh. In accordance, transcriptomic analyses showed significant upregulation of intestinal barrier and stem cell markers in Group BF relative to Groups A and B. Taken together, parenteral FGF2 synergizes with BMT to confer potent mitigation against RIGS.
Manipulation of [11C]-5-Hydroxytryptophan and 6-[18F]Fluoro-3,4-Dihydroxy-l-Phenylalanine Accumulation in Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells (2008)

[(11)C]-5-Hydroxytryptophan ([(11)C]HTP) and 6-[(18)F]fluoro-3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine ([(18)F]FDOPA) are used to image neuroendocrine tumors with positron emission tomography. The precise mechanism by which these tracers accumulate in tumor cells is unknown. We aimed to study tracer uptake via large amino acid transporters, peripheral decarboxylation (inhibited by carbidopa), and intracellular breakdown by monoamine oxidase (MAO). [(11)C]HTP and [(18)F]FDOPA tracer accumulation was assessed in a human neuroendocrine tumor cell line, BON. The carbidopa experiments were done in a tumor-bearing mouse model. Intracellular [(11)C]HTP accumulation was 2-fold higher than that of [(18)F]FDOPA. Cellular transport of both tracers was inhibited by amino-2-norbornanecarboxylic acid. The MAO inhibitors clorgyline and pargyline increased tracer accumulation in vitro. Carbidopa did not influence tracer accumulation in vitro but improved tumor imaging in vivo. Despite lower accumulation in vitro, visualization of [(18)F]FDOPA is superior to [(11)C]HTP in the neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor xenograft model. This could be a consequence of the serotonin saturation of BON cells in the in vivo model.
Reconstruction of low-complexity control programs from data (2004)

In this paper, we study the problem of generating control programs, i.e. strings of symbolic descriptions of control-interrupt pairs (or modes) from input-output data. In particular, we take the point of view that such control programs have an information theoretic content and thus, that they can be more or less effectively coded. As a result, we focus our attention on the problem of producing low-complexity programs by recovering the strings that contain the smallest number of distinct modes. An example is provided where the data is obtained by tracking ten roaming ants in a tank.
Does Organelle Shape Matter?: Exploring Patterns in Cell Shape and Structure with High-throughput (HT) Imaging (2022)

Organelle structure has been studied and visualized for decades; however, publicly available databases that use improved high-throughput microscopy of gene-edited cell lines have recently revolutionized the amount and quality of information now available for use in undergraduate classes. This lesson demonstrates how the use of high-throughput (HT) microscopy has generated data describing organelle structure and variability. Students access, analyze, and evaluate cell structure images using the Allen Institute for Cell Science's Allen Cell Explorer. Students synthesize the information to make recommendations and propose a future experiment. Using web-based tools and a realistic scenario that merges antimicrobial drug screens with eukaryotic cell perturbations and structure, this case study provides a guided tour of the powerful applications of high-throughput microscopy.
Design, synthesis, and cytotoxic evaluation of novel scopoletin derivatives (2017)

A series of scopoletin derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing α-aminoacetamide, acrylamide and β-aminopropamide, respectively, to 3-position of scopoletin, and their chemical structures were confirmed by ESI-MS, IR, <sup>1</sup> H NMR, and <sup>13</sup> C NMR spectra. All target compounds were evaluated in vitro against four human cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, HepG2, and A549) by MTT method. Cytotoxic assay showed that compounds 7a, 7b, 7e, 7f, 8a, and 8e exhibited more potent cytotoxicities compared to scopoletin. Besides, we have further evaluated the growth inhibitory activities of these selected compounds against normal tissue cell lines HFL-1. Although compound 8a showed the strongest antiproliferative activity in vitro, it exhibited strong cytotoxicity on normal cells HFL-1, which limited its further study. Compound 7a and 7b exhibited higher antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 and HepG2 cells and weak cytotoxicity on HFL-1, which suggested that 7a and 7b might be ideal anticancer candidates. The SARs showed that the introduction of the acrylamide and its analogues β-aminopropamide could significantly improve activity, while the α-aminoacetamide failed to enhance potency obviously. Therefore, the mechanism of compound 7a and 7b is worthy of further research and the structure of compound 8a should be further optimized.
DFT Calculations of 119Sn Chemical Shifts Using Gauge-Including Atomic Orbitals and Their Interpretation via Group Properties (2002)

Nonrelativistic DFT calculations of the 119Sn chemical shift are presented for a large series of tetracoordinated Sn compounds, of the type CH3SnRR‘R‘ ‘, where R, R‘, R‘ ‘ are halogens, alkyl, halogenated alkyl, alkoxy, or alkyl thio groups. The B3PW91 functional is used in conjunction with the IGLO III basis set. Leaving out compounds associating in solution and thus changing the Sn coordination, a correlation coefficient r2 of 0.978 ± 0.023 is obtained between solvent NMR shifts and calculated values, with a slope of 0.984. These results indicate that this methodology yields excellent results both in the absolute and relative sense for the majority of the cases studied, where cancellation of errors (solvent and relativistic effects) occurs. The results were interpreted in terms of calculated electronegativity, hardness, and softness of the groups SnRR‘R‘ ‘, applying a methodology previously developed by us (J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 1826) and using the 6-311++G** basis set for H, C, Cl, Br, O, and S and 3-21G for Sn and I. Sequences of group electronegativities and hardnesses could be rationalized via previously calculated or experimental first and second row atomic or functional group values reflecting the interplay of qualitative and quantitative changes in groups on the central Sn atom. The evolution of the 119Sn chemical shift can be successfully interpreted on the basis of group electronegativities for groups introduced in the β position of the Sn atom, whereas changes in α position (i.e., groups directly bonded to Sn) turn out to be essentially hardness related, especially when changes in the row of the periodic table are involved.
Energy efficient resource allocation in timesharing multiuser systems with hybrid energy harvesting transmitter (2017)

An energy efficient resource allocation scheme in timesharing multiuser system with a hybrid energy harvesting transmitter is studied in this paper. Specially, the operation energy of system is supplied by constant energy and energy harvesting, which harvests energy from external environment. Our goal is to maximize the energy efficiency of timesharing multiuser systems by considering jointly allocation of transmission time and power control in an off-line manner. The original nonconvex objective function is transformed into convex optimization problem via the fractional programming approach. Then, we solve the convex problem by Lagrange dual decomposition method. Simulation results show that the proposed energy efficient resource allocation scheme has a better performance than the scheme which decomposes optimization problem into two parts (power allocation, time allocation) to solve iteratively.
Doubly resonant raman scattering induced by an electric field (1988)

By applying a variable electric field to a 30-35 \AA{} GaAs/${\mathrm{Ga}}_{0.65}$${\mathrm{Al}}_{0.35}$As superlattice we have achieved tunable doubly resonant Raman processes, in which both the incident and the scattered light are in resonance with electronic transitions. The resonances, which involve states of the field-induced Stark ladder, manifest themselves as strong enhancements in the intensity of Raman scattering associated with the longitudinal optical phonon of GaAs. The dependence of the double resonances on field and photon energy provides direct information on the superlattice states, in very good agreement with results of photocurrent and photoluminescence experiments.
Big Data Strategies for Agile Business (2017)

Agile is a set of values, principles, techniques, and frameworks for the adaptable, incremental, and efficient delivery of work. Big Data is a rapidly growing field that encompasses crucial aspects of data such as its volume, velocity, variety, and veracity. This book outlines a strategic approach to Big Data that will render a business Agile. It discusses the important competencies required to streamline and focus on the analytics and presents a roadmap for implementing such analytics in business.
Continuity of gamut mapping algorithms (2005)

The design of a gamut mapping algorithm (GMA) is always a compromise between preserving different competing aspects such as color, contrast and lightness. A natural requirement to a GMA is that the algorithmic treatment of this competition has to avoid any additional artefacts such as discontinuities or loss of contrast. In this paper several common gamut mapping algorithms are studied from this aspect, resulting in the observation that problems with geometric discontinuities are widespread. For the assessment of the phenomena induced by local mapping properties, an algorithmic test was developed and applied. This new test supports both, the quality check of existing as well as the development of new GMAs. Finally we present a first new algorithm designed to have a good behavior concerning continuity and contrast conservation which also performs well in classical psychophysical tests.
Power Cycles (2011)

This book differs from other thermodynamics texts in its objective, which is to provide engineers with the concepts, tools, and experience needed to solve practical real-world energy problems. The presentation integrates computer tools (such as EES) with thermodynamic concepts to allow engineering students and practising engineers to solve problems they would otherwise not be able to solve. The use of examples, solved and explained in detail, and supported with property diagrams that are drawn to scale, is ubiquitous in this textbook. The examples are not trivial, drill problems, but rather complex and timely real-world problems that are of interest by themselves. As with the presentation, the solutions to these examples are complete and do not skip steps. Similarly the book includes numerous end-of-chapter problems, both typeset and online. Most of these problems are more detailed than those found in other thermodynamics textbooks. The supplements include complete solutions to all exercises, software downloads, and additional content on selected topics. These are available on the book's website www.cambridge.org/KleinandNellis.