gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Viral and Defective-Interfering Nucleocapsids in Acute and Persistent Infection by Rhabdoviruses (1982)

We have isolated and characterized the RNA of intracellular virus nucleocapsids recovered from a number of cell cultures persistently infected with rabies virus or vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). VSV persistent infections in BHK21, L cells and Aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells generally showed the presence of large amounts of defective-interfering (DI) nucleocapsid RNA and much smaller amounts of standard (B) nucleocapsid RNA. Persistent infections of BHK21 cells by two rabies virus strains, challenge virus standard (CVS-11) or HEP-Flury, were followed for several months during which time the ratio of DI to B nucleocapsid RNA cycled dramatically. We also observed coordinated fluctuations in the absolute amount of incorporation of [3H]uridine into virus nucleocapsid RNA. Total incorporation was generally highest following a decrease in the relative amount of DI nucleocapsid RNA synthesis. At no time were DI nucleocapsids absent in any of the persistently infected cultures.
Joint Optimization for Cooperative Computing Framework in Double-IRS-Aided MEC Systems (2023)

This letter investigates a cooperative task computing framework, where the source node partially offloads its computational task to multiple user equipments (UEs) aided by double intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs). With the aim of maximizing the total amount of computing task subject to latency and power constraints, we highlight an interesting tradeoff between the transmit power and the computing power at the source node and optimize the computing frequency resources as well as phase shift matrices for double IRSs. Numerical results verify the power allocation tradeoff and demonstrate the superiority of our double-IRS-aided solution in terms of maximizing the total amount of computing task over other benchmark strategies.
The hybrid manufacturing cell: Determining key parameters in the integration of powder bed fusion with high speed milling (2012)

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology is highly efficient for producing complex object geometries such as bespoke lattice structures or internal channelization in the product. However the principle of building objects by the successive addition of material makes the production of large and massive objects time consuming, and therefore also an expensive operation. For metallic materials, this limitation can be avoided by combining AM of the complex sections of the product with traditional high-speed machining of the more massive and geometrically simple sections into a hybrid manufacturing solution. However, hybrid manufacturing is a complex process, and there are several crucial points that have to be under control in order to receive the full benefits of an integrated functionality. This paper presents a method to determine the key variables and constants necessary for the integration of a powder bed fusion machine with a high-speed milling machine into a hybrid manufacturing cell.
Lombardie et Pays-Bas autrichiens : : regards croisés sur les Habsbourg et leurs réformes au XVIIIe siècle (2008)

En guise d'introduction = A guisa d'introduzione / Bruno Bernard -- Pays-Bas, Lombardie : une chronologie comparee des reformes / Michele Galand -- De Bruxelles a Milan et vice-versa : trajectoires de quelque hauts fonctionnaires et auxiliaires du gouvernement / Bruno Bernard -- Pouvoir central et administrations locales dans la Lombardie autrichienne a l'âge des reformes / Carlo Capra -- Pietro Vieri, Cesare Beccaria et les reformes en Lombardie autrichienne (1760-1790) / Maria G. Vitali-Volant -- L'assistance et la sante dans les Pays-Bas autrichiens : l'alliance forcee de l'initiative privee et des pouvoirs publics / Claude Bruneel -- La reforme comptable de Joseph II dans les Pays-Bas / Marie-Laure Legay -- Le port franc d'Ostende / Francois Antoine et jean-Jacques Heirwegh -- Entre eglise et etat : les reformes de l'instruction publique en Lombardie (1765-1790) / Elena Brambilla -- Droit et justice a l'âge des Lumieres dans la Lombardie autrichienne / Gigliola di Renzo Villata -- Hommage a Jacques Logie (1938-2007) / Francois Antoine -- L'organisation judiciaire des anciens Pays-Bas et la tentative de reforme de Joseph II / Jacque Logie -- Les reformes de la police des Pays-Bas par Joseph II (janvier-juin 1787) / Catherine Denys -- Riassunti -- Liste des auteurs -- Table des matieres.
<title>Design and analysis of a beam splitter for the equipartition of infrared input power</title> (1999)

Several recent applications in polarimetry, ellipsometry, spectropolarimetry, and multiplexed galvanometric scanners require a single compact beam splitter capable of splitting an input beam of light into four or more components. Of special interest is to design a single beam splitter to produce multiple components of equal powers. We present a specific IR design of a parallel-slab beam splitter that uses a fused silica as a slab material, and it is strip- coated with Germanium thin film on the front and with a uniform silver coat on the back. Equal powers among the first four components can be achieved when the reflectance levels on the first, second, third, and fourth strip is equal to 20 percent, 68 percent, 54 and 18 percent respectively. Specific designs at wavelengths of 1.55, 2 and 5 micrometers are presented. At a wavelength of 5 micrometers , glass shows some absorption and is replaced by another transparent slab material. The choice of varying the otpical material of the slab and metric thickness of each strip provides a great flexibility in the design and operation of the beam splitter over a wide range of applications.
793 Sole Arterial Versus Venous Compression in Trigeminal Neuralgia (2023)

INTRODUCTION: The majority of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) patients present with trigeminal nerve compression from the superior cerebellar artery. However, pain outcomes in patients with sole venous compression are not well understood. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 1020 patients undergoing microvascular decompression at our institution, identifying patients with either sole arterial or venous trigeminal nerve compression. We dichotomized patients into arterial or venous compression groups and obtained presenting characteristics, length of stay, and postoperative complications for each case. Pain outcomes were collected for each patient preoperatively and immediately postoperatively, in addition at 3-month, 6-month, 1 year, and &gt;1 year follow up for each case via Barrow Neurological Index (BNI) pain scores. Statistical differences were calculated via Chi-squared tests and t-tests. RESULTS: Of 1020 patients, 648 (63.5%) had either sole arterial or venous compression of the trigeminal nerve. 514 of these cases demonstrated arterial compression, as opposed to 134 with only venous compression. Patients in the venous compression group were significantly younger than those in the arterial group. There were no significant differences in presenting comorbidities, ICU admission, length of stay, and postoperative complications between groups. Compared to the arterial compression group, patients with sole venous compression demonstrated significantly worse preoperative (p &lt; 0.001), 3-month follow-up (p = 0.001), 6-month follow-up (p &lt; 0.001), 1-year follow-up (p =&lt; 0.001), and &gt;1-year follow-up BNI scores (p = 0.001). Patients with venous compression were more likely to have recurrent pain (p = 0.047) and demonstrated significantly lower time to recurrence than the arterial compression group (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with sole venous compression of the trigeminal nerve are more likely to have worse pain outcomes following MVD compared to those with only arterial compression, including both likelihood of pain recurrence, and time to recurrence
SRIFT: Segment Routing In Fat Trees (2019)

This document specifies signaling procedures for Segment Routing
[RFC8402] with RIFT. Each node's loopback address, Segment Routing
Global Block (SRGB) and Node Segment Identifier (SID), which must be
unique within the SR domain and are typically assigned by SR
controllers or management, are distributed southbound from the Top Of
Fabric (TOF) nodes via the Key-Value distribution mechanism, so that
each node can compute how to reach a node represented by the topmost
Node SIDs . For an ingress node to send SR traffic to another node via
an explicit path, an SR controller signals the corresponding label
stack to the ingress node so that the ingress node can send packets
accordingly.
Enhancing the one health initiative by using whole genome sequencing to monitor antimicrobial resistance of animal pathogens: Vet-LIRN collaborative project with veterinary diagnostic laboratories in United States and Canada (2019)

The findings from this study highlight the critical importance of veterinary diagnostic laboratory data as part of any national antimicrobial resistance surveillance program. The finding of some highly resistant bacteria from companion animals, and the observation of isolates related to those isolated from humans demonstrates the public health significance of incorporating companion animal data into surveillance systems. Vet-LIRN will continue to build the infrastructure to collect the data necessary to perform surveillance of resistant bacteria as part of fulfilling its mission to advance human and animal health. A One Health approach to AMR surveillance programs is crucial and must include data from humans, animals, and environmental sources to be effective.
Interactive effects of emphysema and malnutrition on diaphragm structure and function (1994)

Interactive effects of emphysema (EMP) and prolonged nutritional deprivation (ND) on contractile, morphometric, and metabolic properties of hamster diaphragm muscle (DIA) were examined. Six months after induction of EMP (intratracheal elastase), saline-treated controls (CTL) and EMP hamsters of similar body weights were subjected to ND over 6 wk. Isometric contractile and fatigue properties of costal DIA were determined in vitro. DIA fibers were histochemically classified as type I or II, and fiber succinate dehydrogenase activity and cross-sectional area were determined using quantitative microscopic procedures. From histochemical sections, the number of capillaries per fiber (C/F) and per fiber cross-sectional area (C/A) were determined. ND resulted in progressive loss of body weight (ND-CTL, 23.8%; ND-EMP, 28.4%; P = NS). ND did not affect reduction in optimal length (Lo) of DIA fibers in EMP compared with CTL and ND-CTL hamsters. Maximum specific force (i.e., force/unit area) was reduced by approximately 25% in EMP animals compared with CTL. ND did not improve or exacerbate the reduction in specific force with EMP. ND attenuated improved fatigue resistance of DIA in EMP animals. No differences in fiber type proportions were noted among experimental groups. Significant atrophy of type I and II DIA fibers was noted after ND. Atrophy was proportionately greater in type II fibers of ND-EMP when referenced to EMP animals. Thus adaptive hypertrophy of type II DIA fibers in EMP animals was abolished. Fiber succinate dehydrogenase activity was significantly increased in type I and II fibers in EMP DIA. ND did not affect this metabolic adaptation of DIA fibers to persistent loads imposed by EMP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A graph model for E‐commerce recommender systems (2003)

Abstract Information overload on the Web has created enormous challenges to customers selecting products for online purchases and to online businesses attempting to identify customers' preferences efficiently. Various recommender systems employing different data representations and recommendation methods are currently used to address these challenges. In this research, we developed a graph model that provides a generic data representation and can support different recommendation methods. To demonstrate its usefulness and flexibility, we developed three recommendation methods: direct retrieval, association mining, and high‐degree association retrieval. We used a data set from an online bookstore as our research test‐bed. Evaluation results showed that combining product content information and historical customer transaction information achieved more accurate predictions and relevant recommendations than using only collaborative information. However, comparisons among different methods showed that high‐degree association retrieval did not perform significantly better than the association mining method or the direct retrieval method in our test‐bed.
Nonlinear wavelength conversion in photonic crystal fibers with three zero-dispersion points (2011)

In this theoretical study, we show that a simple endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber can be designed to yield, not just two, but three zero-dispersion wavelengths. The presence of a third dispersion zero creates a rich phase-matching topology, enabling enhanced control over the spectral locations of the four-wave-mixing and resonant-radiation bands emitted by solitons and short pulses. The greatly enhanced flexibility in the positioning of these bands has applications in wavelength conversion, supercontinuum generation, and pair-photon sources for quantum optics.
Withania somnifera(Ashwagandha), a Rejuvenating Herbal Drug Which Controls Alpha-2-Macroglobulin Synthesis During Inflammation (1985)

Withania somnifera Dun. herbal drug widely used in Indian medicinal systems, was examined for its effect on alpha-2-macroglobulin. Administration of W. somnifera to inflamed rats caused a significant reduction in the level of serum alpha-2-macroglobulin. Unlike non-steroidal anti-in-flammatory drugs, W. somnifera treatment resulted in a specific decrease in the synthesis of alpha-2-macroglobulin and enhancement in the synthesis of total serum proteins suggesting the basis for its wide spectrum of pharmacological activities in diseases involving alterations of serum proteins.
Normal estimation for pointcloud using GPU based sparse tensor voting (2012)

Normal estimation is the basis for most applications using pointcloud, such as segmentation. However, it is still a challenging problem regarding computational complexity and observation noise. In this paper, we propose a normal estimation method for pointcloud using results from tensor voting. Comparing with other approaches, we show it has smaller estimation error. Moreover, by varying the voting kernel size, we find it is a flexible approach for structure extraction as well. The results show that the proposed method is robust to noisy observation and missing data points as well. We use a GPU based implementation of Sparse Tensor Voting, which enables realtime calculation.
cis,trans,cis‐ and trans,trans,trans‐1,2,3,4‐Tetravinylcyclobutane – preparation and some spectroscopic properties (1983)

Abstract The title compounds 1 and 2 are prepared using standard procedures. The He(1) PE spectra of 1 and 2 show strong interaction (β = −1.9eV) between vinyl groups and the four‐membered ring. The through space interaction between the vinyl groups is found to be minute.
Evaluating the Onset, Severity, and Recovery of Changes to Smell and Taste Associated With COVID-19 Infection in a Singaporean Population (the COVOSMIA-19 Trial): Protocol for a Prospective Case-Control Study (2020)

DERR1-10.2196/24797.
Genome-wide screen uncovers novel pathways for tRNA processing and nuclear–cytoplasmic dynamics (2015)

Transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs) are essential for protein synthesis. However, key gene products involved in tRNA biogenesis and subcellular movement remain to be discovered. We conducted the first comprehensive unbiased analysis of the role of nearly an entire proteome in tRNA biology and describe 162 novel and 12 previously known Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene products that function in tRNA processing, turnover, and subcellular movement. tRNA nuclear export is of particular interest because it is essential, but the known tRNA exporters (Los1 [exportin-t] and Msn5 [exportin-5]) are unessential. We report that mutations of CRM1 (Exportin-1), MEX67/MTR2 (TAP/p15), and five nucleoporins cause accumulation of unspliced tRNA, a hallmark of defective tRNA nuclear export. CRM1 mutation genetically interacts with los1Δ and causes altered tRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic distribution. The data implicate roles for the protein and mRNA nuclear export machineries in tRNA nuclear export. Mutations of genes encoding actin cytoskeleton components and mitochondrial outer membrane proteins also cause accumulation of unspliced tRNA, likely due to defective splicing on mitochondria. Additional gene products, such as chromatin modification enzymes, have unanticipated effects on pre-tRNA end processing. Thus, this genome-wide screen uncovered putative novel pathways for tRNA nuclear export and extensive links between tRNA biology and other aspects of cell physiology.
The Transcription Factor T-Bet Is Required for Optimal Type I Follicular Helper T Cell Maintenance During Acute Viral Infection (2019)

Follicular helper T cells (TFH cells), known as the primary "helpers" of the germinal center (GC) reaction, promote the humoral immune response to defend against various pathogens. Under conditions of infection by different types of pathogens, many shared transcription factors (TFs), such as Bcl-6, TCF-1, and Maf, are selectively enriched in pathogen-specific TFH cells, orchestrating TFH cell differentiation and function. In addition, TFH cells also coexpress environmentally associated TFs as their conventional T cell counterparts (such as T-bet, GATA-3, or ROR-γt, which are expressed in Th1, Th2, or Th17 cells, respectively). These features likely indicate both the lineage-specificity and environmental adaption of the TFH cell responses. However, the extent to which the TFH cell response relies on these environmentally specific TFs is not completely understood. Here, we found that T-bet was specifically expressed in Type I TFH cells but not Type II TFH cells. While dispensable for the early fate commitment of TFH cells, T-bet was essential for the maintenance of differentiated TFH cells, promoting their proliferation, and inhibiting their apoptosis during acute viral infection. Microarray analysis showed both similarities and differences in transcriptome dependency on T-bet in TFH and TH1 cells, suggesting the distinctive role of T-bet in TFH cells. Collectively, our findings reveal an important and specific supporting role for T-bet in type I TFH cell response, which can help us gain a deeper understanding of TFH cell subsets.
Electronic surveillance of patient safety events using natural language processing (2022)

Our method to identify safety events from the free text of clinical documentation offers a feasible and scalable approach to enhance existing patient safety systems. Expert reviewers, using a machine learning model, can conduct routine surveillance of patient safety events.
Extraction and visualization of power system interarea oscillatory modes (2010)

Interarea oscillatory modes pose a threat to power system stability. An algorithm is presented for the identification and analysis of such modes from high resolution phasor measurement data. The process outlined includes data collection, conditioning, extraction of the primary oscillatory frequency, and determination of participating areas of the system. Additionally a visualization methodology is presented which displays these results. Using the tools developed in this paper the dominant modes and their associated regions of influence in a power system can be determined directly from measurement data.
Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration discussion on diffractive intraocular lenses (2017)

Diffractive multifocal IOLs show chromatic aberration especially along the axis (LCA-longitudinal Chromatic aberration) but also out of the optical axis. These chromatic aberrations are the results of the refractive chromatic properties of the lens, driven by refractive indexes involved into the light path and the diffractive profiles. Refractive effects are mainly controlled by the biomaterial Abbe number while diffractive effects are controlled by the topography of the diffractive pattern. The insertion of a multifocal diffractive lens after crystalline lens extraction may significantly modify the chromatic aberration of the pseudophakic eye. Chromatic aberrations are inducing vision losses due sharpness reduction of any object edges. The contrast sensitivity as much as the visual acuity are then reduced. This has been proven with measurements optical benches. Diffractive and refractive effects act in an opposite way and can in principle be compensated. However rules to creates an achromatic lens based on refractive-diffractive lens are quite complex because topology, dioptry , abbe number,… In this study, we will investigate the effect of wavelength on the through-focus modulation transfer function (MTF) and diffraction efficiency for different pupil apertures and different diffractive intraocular lenses. Pin-hole effect will also be discussed and addressed with the point of view of chromatic effect.
Pyroelectric properties of ferroelectric-polymer composite (1993)

General formulae of the pyroelectric coefficient and the figure of merit (p/ε) of a ferroelectric-polymer composite are theoretically derived in terms of the volume fraction q, the depolarization coefficient nx, the dielectric constant of the ferroelectric particles and the dielectric constant of the composite. The value of p/ε can be expected to be larger than that of pure ferroelectric ceramics. Good agreement is obtained between theoretical and experimental results.
An epizootic of highly virulent feline calicivirus disease in a hospital setting in New England (2003)

This article reports an outbreak of 24 cases of an unusually virulent feline calicivirus (FCV) infection in a small animal hospital. The circumstances and disease signs were very similar to those recently described in an outbreak of FCV hemorrhagic disease in Northern California (Vet. Microbiol. 73 (2000) 281). The virus entered the facility through shelter cats showing upper respiratory signs. Affected cats manifested high fever, anorexia, labored respirations, oral ulceration, facial and limb edema, icterus, and pancreatitis. The infection spread rapidly among the patients by contaminated animal caretakers and hospital equipment. One case of fomite transmission from an employee to a housecat was documented. Prior vaccination, even with multiple doses of FCV-F9-based live calicivirus vaccine, was not protective. Affected cats often required extensive supportive care for 7-10 days, and the overall mortality from death and euthanasia was 32%. The strain of FCV responsible for this outbreak was genetically and serologically distinct from the FCV strain responsible for a similar epizootic and the FCV-F9 strain contained in most vaccines. Outbreaks of this type are being reported with increasing frequency, and are often associated with the practice of treating sick shelter cats in private practices. Similar to the present epizootic, outbreaks of FCV hemorrhagic disease have been self-limiting, but require prompt application of strict quarantine, isolation, personnel sanitation, and disinfection procedures.
ChemInform Abstract: New Method for Oxidative Carbon‐Carbon Bond Formation by the Reaction of Allyl Ethers, 2,3‐Dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐p‐benzoquinone (DDQ) and Silyl Carbon Nucleophiles. (1988)

Abstract The allyl ether (I) reacts with trimethylsilyl cyanide (II) in the presence of DDQ and catalytic amounts of LiClO 4 to give the cyanohydrin ether (III).
The Wolf Ramp: Early work on reflectivity dispersion (2008)

The modern use of spectral decomposition has shown that reflection events are virtually always frequency dependent. Here we describe Wolf's theory of a linear velocity transition zone (termed a Wolf ramp) and how it leads to frequency‐dependent reflectivity.