gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large-Scale Preparation ofN, N'-Diacetylchitobiose by Enzymic Degradation of Chitin and its Chemical Modifications (1993)

Abstract Hundred gram quantities of peracetylated chitobiose were prepared by degradation of colloidal chitin with commercially available chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14) from Streptomyces griseus and subsequent acetylation, the product being readily convertible into N, N'-diacetylchitobiose by conventional de-O-acetylation. These chitobiose derivatives were subjected to further chemical modifications to give novel disaccharide derivatives composed of a pair of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-allopyranose moieties that are potential intermediates for the synthesis of an enzyme inhibitor.
Deficiency of FcϵR1 Increases Body Weight Gain but Improves Glucose Tolerance in Diet-Induced Obese Mice (2015)

Prior studies demonstrated increased plasma IgE in diabetic patients, but the direct participation of IgE in diabetes or obesity remains unknown. This study found that plasma IgE levels correlated inversely with body weight, body mass index, and body fat mass among a population of randomly selected obese women. IgE receptor FcϵR1-deficient (Fcer1a(-/-)) mice and diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice demonstrated that FcϵR1 deficiency in DIO mice increased food intake, reduced energy expenditure, and increased body weight gain but improved glucose tolerance and glucose-induced insulin secretion. White adipose tissue from Fcer1a(-/-) mice showed an increased expression of phospho-AKT, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, glucose transporter-4 (Glut4), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) but reduced uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) expression, tissue macrophage accumulation, and apoptosis, suggesting that IgE reduces adipogenesis and glucose uptake but induces energy expenditure, adipocyte apoptosis, and white adipose tissue inflammation. In 3T3-L1 cells, IgE inhibited the expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and preadipocyte adipogenesis and induced adipocyte apoptosis. IgE reduced the 3T3-L1 cell expression of Glut4, phospho-AKT, and glucose uptake, which concurred with improved glucose tolerance in Fcer1a(-/-) mice. This study established two novel pathways of IgE in reducing body weight gain in DIO mice by suppressing adipogenesis and inducing adipocyte apoptosis while worsening glucose tolerance by reducing Glut4 expression, glucose uptake, and insulin secretion.
Cover Picture: New Horizons for Perovskite Solar Cells Employing DNA‐CTMA as the Hole‐Transporting Material (ChemSusChem 13/2016) (2016)

The Cover picture shows deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) that has suitable optical and energy levels to be used as hole-transporting material (HTM) in perovskite solar cells. The power conversion efficiency and stability of a perovskite solar cell utilizing DNA as the HTM was increased significantly compared to the frequently used hole-transporting material, PEDOT:PSS. Our findings of DNA as HTM in perovskite solar cells demonstrate that their charge-transport properties, ease in processing, and natural origin create new opportunities for optoelectronic devices. More details can be found in the Full Paper by Rashid bin Mohd Yusoff et al. on page 1736 in Issue 13, 2016 (DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600288).
A Newly Improved Particle Swarm Optimization for Economic Dispatch with Valve (2011)

This paper proposes a newly improved particle swarm optimization (NIPSO) for solving economic dispatch problem with valve point loading effects. The proposed NIPSO is based on the particle swarm optimization with time-varying ac- celeration coefficients (PSO-TVAC) with more improvements including the use of sigmoid function with random variation for inertia weight factor, pseudo-gradient for guidance of particles, and quadratic programming for obtaining initial condition. With the new improvements, the search ability of the NIPSO method has been considerably enhanced in comparison with the PSO- TVAC method. The proposed NIPSO has been tested on 13-unit and 40-unit systems and the obtained best total costs are com- pared to those from many other methods available in the litera- ture. The result comparison has shown that the proposed method can find better optimal solution than the many others. Therefore, the proposed NISPO could be favorable for solving the noncon- vex economic dispatch problems.
Dosing strategy for enoxaparin in patients with renal impairment presenting with acute coronary syndromes (2005)

Clearance of enoxaparin was predictably related to GFR estimated using the Cockroft and Gault equation, with ideal body weight used as the size descriptor. According to our model no dosage adjustment from the standard 1.0 mg kg(-1) 12 hourly is required for the first 48 h of treatment. Maintenance doses thereafter can be calculated using standard proportional adjustments based on Fu equal to 0.71.
Validation of compliant mechanisms made by metallic Additive Manufacturing (2022)

Recent developments of compliant mechanisms built by additive manufacturing confirm their potential for highprecision applications in harsh environments. Several projects are presented, from simple flexure pivots to complex 3D compliant mechanisms designs, to show the advantages and challenges of the design, manufacturing and testing of such systems. Focus is put on the specific design methodology, the integration of electrical functions, the guiding and lifetime performance results to highlight the potential for future high-precision applications such as high-precision, cryogenic or space. First, the redesign of simple flexure blades and crossed-blade pivots has been performed. The guiding performances have been compared to simulations. Then, more complex architectures of compliant mechanisms have been designed, manufactured and tested. For example, the European Space Agency (ESA) project Compliant Mechanisms based on Additive Manufacturing (COMAM) and the European H2020 project Prototype for Ultra Large Structure Assembly Robot (PULSAR). This project validates the positioning of tiles integrated on 3D printed flexible pivots and gimbals with a repeatability better than 1 μm. ESA selected CSEM for a new project, the development of a new compliant mechanism with a rotary to linear motion transformation. It is presented here with a novel 3D printed monolithic architecture made of stainless steel.
Treatment of Poxvirus Infections in Rabbits with 9-β- d -Arabinofuranosyladenine (1974)

The antiviral efficacy of 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) was evaluated in localized lesions produced by the intradermal inoculation of rabbits with vaccinia virus (VV) and rabbit Shope fibroma virus (SFV). Ara-A administered intraperitoneally suppressed or significantly reduced the cutaneous pustular lesions produced by VV as well as the benign skin tumors caused by the SFV. With a daily dose of 300 mg/kg given for 5 days starting at the time of infection, or with 600 mg/kg daily starting 3 days after inoculation, we were able to suppress completely the formation of tumors induced by the SFV. The appearance of pustular lesions induced by VV was completely suppressed by a dose of 600 mg of ara-A per kg given for 3 days when the treatment was initiated at the time of infection, but a significant reduction in the number of pustular lesions was obtained with a single dose of 600 mg/kg, or with five doses of 300 mg/kg starting 24 h after inoculation. No toxic effect of ara-A was noted in the treated rabbits.
Activity Increase of Horseradish Peroxidase in the Presence of Magnetic Particles (2008)

We report evidence for the effect of very low magnetic fields on a biological reaction. The presence of magnetite particles (with permanent magnetic moment of 1 emu/g) in the assay had a 30-fold increase on the rate of reaction of horseradish peroxidase. The activity of this enzyme was evaluated with two chromogen systems, and the apparent Michaelis−Menten kinetic parameters were extracted.
Explosively Driven Ferroelectric Generator for Compact Pulsed Power Systems (2004)

Recently, the characteristics of the explosively driven magnetohydrodynamic generators and ferromagnetic generators that can be used as initial sources of compact power systems were presented by the authors. In this paper, we examined the electro‐hydrodynamic properties of the PZT 56/44 ceramics that were depoled by the explosively driven shock wave in a ferroelectric generator (FEG). Small‐sized FEGs had been manufactured and the electric currents and load voltages for the input stress of 6.5 GPa and 12 GPa and load resistances from 10 to 1,080 Ω were measured. Maximum values of power (0.7 MW) and total energy (3.7 J) were obtained at the load resistance of 1,080 Ω and 125 Ω, respectively when the input stress was 12 GPa. For evaluating the experimental current waveforms two‐dimensional hydrodynamic simulation which shows shock wave propagation into the PZT ceramics and a simple semi‐empirical theoretical calculation have been performed.
Transparency and Credibility: Monetary Policy With Unobservable Goals (2001)

We define and study transparency, credibility, and reputation in a model where the central bank's characteristics are unobservable to the private sector and inferred from the policy outcome. Increased transparency makes the bank's reputation and credibility more sensitive to its actions. This moderates the bank's policy and induces the bank to follow a policy closer to the socially optimal one. Full transparency of the central bank's intentions is generally socially beneficial but frequently worse for the bank. Somewhat paradoxically, direct observability of idiosyncratic central bank goals removes the moderating influence on the bank and leads to the worst equilibrium.
Homologation of boronic esters to .alpha.-chloro boronic esters (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHomologation of boronic esters to .alpha.-chloro boronic estersDonald S. Matteson and Debesh MajumdarCite this: Organometallics 1983, 2, 11, 1529–1535Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om50005a008https://doi.org/10.1021/om50005a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3044Altmetric-Citations142LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
P475 Profiling the use of Complementary Alternative Medicines among IBD patients (2022)

Abstract Background Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gut, characterized by multiple symptoms of which some cannot be successfully managed by existing conventional therapies. The use of complementary alternative medicines (CAMs) and CAM services among patients with chronic disorders including IBD has increased globally over the past several years (Rawsthorne Gut 2012; Weizman APT 2012). The main aims of this study were (a) to profile the use of CAMs and CAM services in a cohort of IBD patients being treated at a Belgian IBD referral center and (b) to identify the clinical and demographic factors associated with the use of CAMs. Methods An anonymized and customized Dutch version of the international questionnaire to measure the use of complementary and alternative medicine (I-CAM-Q – Quandt J Altern Complement Med 2009) was provided over an 8-week period spanning September and October 2021) to all IBD patients visiting the IBD outpatient clinic and infusion unit. Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to identify the relationships between clinical and demographic variables (age, gender, educational status) and CAM usage. Results From among the 410 IBD (144 UC, 253 CD) patients who responded to the survey, 173 (42.2%) were using CAMs or had used CAMs. A vast majority (79.8%) of the CAM using IBD patients reported the use of nature-based therapies (aloe vera, green tea, curcumin, cannabis, vitamin/mineral supplements and probiotics), a fifth of which was accounted for by Cannabis and its derivatives. This was followed by mind-body therapies (42.1%) (mindfulness, yoga, acupuncture, hypnotherapy, meditation). Two-thirds of patients (66.7%) mentioned to use CAMs for IBD-related symptoms. 125/173 of the CAM using IBD patients attributed the use of CAMs to their know-how about the potential of CAMs in ameliorating symptoms (32%), low efficacy or presence of adverse effects of conventional therapies (29.6%), minimize disease burden (28.8%) and avoiding surgery (7.2%). A vast majority (93.9%) of the CAM using IBD patients who responded to the query stated that consultation with their gastroenterologist would be beneficial to ascertain possible interference with their ongoing conventional therapy. Conclusion A significant proportion of IBD patients use CAMs to manage the complicated and often systemic symptoms of IBD. The most frequently used CAMs included nature-based therapies such followed by mind-body medicine. Given that CAMs are not officially regulated as medicinal therapies, their impact on conventional therapies is not entirely clear and should be further studied. Multi-center surveys profiling the use of CAMs in IBD patients as well as other chronic disorders are warranted.
A Wideband Sliding Correlator-Based Channel Sounder with Synchronization in 65 nm CMOS (2019)

A programmable ultra-wideband sliding correlator-based channel sounder with high temporal and spatial resolution is designed in standard 65 nm CMOS. The baseband chip can be configured either as a baseband transmitter to generate a pseudo-random spread spectrum signal with flexible sequence lengths, or as a baseband receiver with sliding correlator having an absolute timing reference to obtain power delay profiles of the multipath components of the wireless channel. The sequence achieved a chip rate of one Giga-bit-per-second, resulting in a multipath delay resolution of 1 ns. The baseband chip occupies an area of 0.66 mm × 1 mm with a power dissipation of 6 mA at 1.1 V in 65 nm CMOS. The sliding correlator-based channel sounder in this work is a critical block for future low-cost, miniaturized channel sounding systems used in accurate and efficient channel propagation measurements at millimeter-wave frequencies.
Potential Applicability of Distributed Ledger to Wireless Networking Technologies (2018)

The decentralized nature of existing and future wireless network topologies has opened some unique opportunities for DLT to play a role in communications. In this column, we have reviewed the basic operation of a consensus mechanism, as well as the current trend of a DLT-based security model that is particularly important for loT. We further point out that, beyond application layer and security, DLT also has potential in other aspects of wireless networking such as computing and radio connectivity. Specifically, we see DLT as a perfect tool that should be leveraged to realize fog -RAN, as the consensus mechanism of DLT may be used to maintain tight synchronization among computing and networking resources in different locations. On the other hand, DLT could also be employed to avoid potential collision that may occur in grant -free uplink access. In summary, we believe that DLT will gradually become a key tool to reshape communication systems in a wide range of aspects, covering not just applications and security, but also connectivity and computing.
Inefficacy of Burst-Suppression Anesthesia in Medication-Resistant Major Depression: A Controlled Trial (2001)

Burst-suppression anesthesia (BSA) has been previously compared with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in drug-resistant depression, with promising results. We have carried out a double-blind randomized clinical trial comparing BSA with sham-BSA in 20 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depression with inadequate response to antidepressant drugs and who chose BSA as an alternative to ECT. After withdrawing antidepressant drugs, patients were randomized to receive four sessions of either BSA (induction with propofol followed by the anesthetic agent sevoflurane, achieving BSA for 1 hour) or sham-BSA (induction with propofol until loss of consciousness, followed by spontaneous awakening in 5-10 minutes). Decrease in the Hamilton Rating Depression Scale was larger with BSA (-6.0 +/- 7.3) than with sham-BSA (-2.5 +/- 4.5), but differences did not reach statistical significance ( t = -1.08, p = 0.3). In our sample, we have not found BSA to be superior to sham-BSA and therefore cannot consider BSA as an alternative to ECT.
Parallel Module Network Learning on Distributed Memory Multiprocessors (2005)

As an extension of the Bayesian network, the module network is used in situations where there are many variables but only a small set of data available. However, using this network is still time-consuming. In this paper, the authors proposed a parallel implementation of the module network, a less time-consuming, learning algorithm based on the message-passing model. In order to solve the load-imbalance problem introduced by either result caching or intrinsic computation, a grouping strategy was proposed, which groups computations by modules and then distributes them cyclically. The algorithm was tested on eight 4-way Intel Xeon multiprocessors. Speedups of 29.26 on 32 processors have been observed. The result shows that our algorithm is effective.
Augmented Reality in Food production traceability – use case (2019)

The contemporary food supply chain should adequately provide information that consumers and other concerned bodies need to know such as variety of the food attributes, country of origin, way of production etc. This paper discusses the use of Augmented Reality (AR) applications for the needs of food traceability. The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the contemporary knowledge and scientific development of mobile augmented reality (MAR) in food production and packaging systems, and to identify future needs for bringing the Augmented Reality (AR) to the food market. By showing the case of a developed mobile app based on Augmented Reality, this paper gives an example of the usage of MAR in food packaging.
Isolation and identification of Escherichia coli O157:H7 using different detection methods and molecular determination by multiplex PCR and RAPD (2005)

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is recognized as a significant food-borne pathogen, so rapid identification is important for food hygiene management and prompt epidemiological investigations. The limited prevalence data on Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and E. coli O157:H7 in foods and animals in Korea made an assessment of the risks difficult, and the options for management and control unclear. The prevalence of the organisms was examined by newly developed kit-E. coli O157:H7 Rapid kit. For the isolation of E. coli O157:H7, conventional culture, immunomagnetic separation, and E. coli O157:H7 Rapid kit were applied, and multiplex PCR and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) were performed for the molecular determination. There was high molecular relatedness among 11 Korean isolates and 17 U.S. strains at 63% level. Additionally, distinct differentiation between pig and cattle isolates was determined. It implied that RAPD had a capacity to distinguish strains with different sources, however it could not discriminate among isolates according to their differences in the degree of virulence. In antimicrobial susceptibility tests, 45.5% of isolates showed antibiotic resistance to two or more antibiotics. Unlike the isolates from other countries, domestic isolates of E. coli O157:H7 was mainly resistant to ampicillin and tetracyclines. In summary, the application of E. coli O157:H7 Rapid kit may be useful to detect E. coli O157:H7 due to its sensitivity and convenience. Moreover, combinational analysis of multiplex PCR together with RAPD can aid to survey the characteristics of isolates.
Constant pattern behavior for adsorption processes with nonplug flow (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConstant pattern behavior for adsorption processes with nonplug flowEdgar N. Rudisill and M. Douglas LeVanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1991, 30, 5, 1054–1060Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00053a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00053a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views152Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Functionalized Imidazol‐2‐ones. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Photolithography-Based Patterning of Liquid Metal Interconnects for Monolithically Integrated Stretchable Circuits (2016)

We demonstrate a new patterning technique for gallium-based liquid metals on flat substrates, which can provide both high pattern resolution (∼20 μm) and alignment precision as required for highly integrated circuits. In a very similar manner as in the patterning of solid metal films by photolithography and lift-off processes, the liquid metal layer painted over the whole substrate area can be selectively removed by dissolving the underlying photoresist layer, leaving behind robust liquid patterns as defined by the photolithography. This quick and simple method makes it possible to integrate fine-scale interconnects with preformed devices precisely, which is indispensable for realizing monolithically integrated stretchable circuits. As a way for constructing stretchable integrated circuits, we propose a hybrid configuration composed of rigid device regions and liquid interconnects, which is constructed on a rigid substrate first but highly stretchable after being transferred onto an elastomeric substrate. This new method can be useful in various applications requiring both high-resolution and precisely aligned patterning of gallium-based liquid metals.