gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved Sexual Function After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis (2021)

Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee is known to affect sexual activity. For patients with osteoarthritis, pain during sexual activity can lead to decreased quality of life and other associated health issues. The authors designed a prospective study to evaluate the effect of total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty on the psychosocial and physical aspects of sexuality pre- and postoperatively. Between April 2009 and December 2011, patients received questionnaires in the mail preoperatively. They were asked to return the preoperative questionnaire before surgery and the postoperative questionnaire 6 months after surgery. Data were analyzed to evaluate the psychosocial and physical aspects of sexuality and participants' subjective assessment of their appearance. Preoperatively, 91% and 67% of patients reported psychosocial and physical issues, respectively. After the arthroplasty procedure, 84% (<i>P</i><.001) and 47% (<i>P</i><.001) of patients reported improvement psychosocially and physically, respectively. Of the patients, 16% reported that arthroplasty adversely affected sexual function, with their predominant fear being joint damage (63%). A greater number of women and patients undergoing hip procedures reported improvement in sexual activity after surgery compared with men (<i>P</i>=.02) and patients undergoing knee procedures (<i>P</i>=.002). Both hip and knee osteoarthritis and arthroplasty had a significant effect on overall sexual function-psychosocially, physically, and in terms of patients' assessment of their external appearance-with higher rates of improvement seen after hip arthroplasty. Because of the effect of osteoarthritis and arthroplasty on sexual function, this topic should be addressed both pre- and postoperatively. [<i>Orthopedics</i>. 2021;44(2):111-116.].
Effect of Heat Generation on Fatigue-Crack Propagation of Solder in Power Devices (2011)

Power devices are used in inverters in a variety of electrical equipment, for instance, hybrid-power cars, electric vehicles, and generators. These types of equipment are used to decrease the negative impact on the environment, and thus, the power devices need to function effectively as electric power converters for the long-term stability of the equipment. In short, the long-term reliability, i.e., the life, of the power device is important, and a high level of reliability is required. In the development process of power devices, it is necessary to conduct thermal fatigue tests to evaluate the reliability. However, such tests are extended over a long period of time, which makes it difficult to shorten the development period. Therefore, a simulation technique needs to be developed to forecast the life of a thermal fatigue test in order to reduce the development period. During the thermal fatigue test, thermal stress is caused by differences in the line expansion coefficient between solder joint materials. Thermal stress causes crack generation and propagation in solder. The thermal resistance of a device increases steadily as the cracks grow. This raises the temperature of the device and increases thermal stress. As a result, crack propagation is accelerated. However, conventional crack propagation analysis does not take this phenomenon into account. We developed a method of crack propagation analysis that takes into account the changes in thermal and electrical boundary conditions resulting from the crack propagation. The method is a combination of electrical conduction analysis, heat transfer analysis, and crack propagation analysis. The boundary condition of the heat transfer analysis is determined from the results of the electrical conduction analysis. The boundary condition of the crack propagation analysis is determined from the results of the heat transfer analysis. The crack propagation behavior in solder is calculated by repeating these analyses. This method reproduces the drastic increase in thermal resistance in the latter part of the thermal fatigue test, and the results agree well with the experimental results. We confirmed that the temperature distribution of the device changes as the crack propagates and that thermal and electrical coupled analysis has a major effect on the prediction of fatigue life of power device products. We also revealed that the thermal fatigue life is affected by the position of the heat source and cracks.
Al2O3/CuO non-planar heterostructures for VOCs vapors detection (2022)

In this work, the gas sensing properties of the non-planar heterostructures based on CuO thin films, grown by the direct ink writing and covered with an ultrathin Al2O3 layer, are presented as a function of the operating temperature. The obtained results demonstrates the excellent selectivity to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) vapors, namely n-butanol and 2-propanol in a operating temperature range of 200 – 350 ºC. The relatively low gas response was observed at room temperature, which is very important for low-power operation. The dynamic gas response showed an ultra-fast response time of 2 – 3 s. The obtained results demonstrates the excellent potential of nonplanar heterostructures based on metal oxides for use in high-performance environmental monitoring applications.
Autonomous Growth of Isolated Single Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Cells in the Absence of Growth Factors and Intercellular Contact (2010)

The aim of this study was to observe growth of isolated single bacterial cells in the absence of growth factors and intercellular contact. In order to exclude stochastic uncertainties induced by dilution series, a new micromanipulation method was developed to ensure explicit results under visual control. This was performed with particular care for production of single prokaryotic cells and subsequent investigation of their autonomous growth. Over 450 single isolated Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium cells in lag, log, and stationary growth phases were investigated by this method, which included thoroughly washing the cells. The proportion of living cells within the initial cultures was compared to the proportion of positive samples after enrichment of the separated single cells. This resulted in P values of >/=0.05 using the chi-square test for statistical analysis, indicating no significant difference, and clearly demonstrates reproduction of isolated single bacterial cells without the need for growth factors or intercellular contact. Ease of handling of the apparatus and good performance of the cleaning procedures were achieved, as was validation of the method, demonstrating its suitability for routine laboratory use.
Quantative monitoring of software development by time-based and intercheckpoint monitoring (1990)

The paper provides an extension to the methods of monitoring originally developed in the paper by Kitchenham and Walker [1]. It discusses how time-based analysis of the metric information can be used to provide a more continuous form of monitoring to complement the approach taken in that paper. This extension is of particular importance to large or long time scale projects when considerable time and effort is expended between checkpoints.
Remotely-delivered immunocontraception in feral horses. (1990)

Reducing fertility among free-roaming feral horses (Equus caballus) has been the goal of numerous studies over the past 16 years (Kirkpatrick et al. 1982, Goodloe et al. 1988, Plotka et al. 1989). Initial experiments by Kirkpatrick et al. (1982) and Turner and Kirkpatrick (1982) resulted in an 83% decrease in foaling among feral mares bred by stallions which were first immobilized and then treated with injectable microencapsulated testosterone propionate (mTP). Although the treatment decreased sperm count and motility, the high costs and the stress caused by immobilization or capture made it clear that the contraceptive agent needed to be delivered remotely. In a second study Kirkpatrick and Turner (unpublished data) demonstrated the pharmacological effectiveness of mTP in stallions, but difficulty was encountered in remotely delivering a sufficient mass of the steroid. Recently, attention has turned to contraception in the feral mare. Experiments with ethinylestradiol-progesterone Silastic? implants (Vevea et al. 1987, Plotka et al. 1988, Plotka et al. 1989) showed pharmacological promise, but the technique required capture, restraint, and field surgery to place the implants intraperitoneally. An alternative to steroid-induced fertility control is immunocontraception. A conjugated form of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) has been used successfully to raise antibodies in captive feral mares (Goodloe et al. 1988), and solubilized porcine zonae pellucidae (PZP) injections inhibited fertility in 13 of 14 domestic and captive feral mares (Liu et al. 1989). The success of the PZP vaccine in suppressing fertility is based on its ability to inhibit fertilization or possibly implantation (Sacco et al. 1984). The porcine zona pellucida consists of 3 glycoproteins. One of those, ZP3, is the receptor molecule for sperm surface molecules (Florman and Wassarman 1985). Equine antibodies raised against PZP are thought to block the sperm receptor sites on the equine ovum, thereby preventing fertilization (Liu et al. 1989). To date, PZP has been used to successfully inhibit fertility in a number of mammals, including 5 species of nonhuman primates and in vitro fertilization in humans (Sacco 1987). The objectives of this study were to (a) determine the effectiveness of remote delivery, (b) test the contraceptive effectiveness of a PZP vaccine in free-roaming feral mares, (c) determine the contraceptive effectiveness of the vaccine in pregnant and nonpregnant mares, and (d) evaluate the safety of the vaccine for use in pregnant mares.
Interaction Studies Between Elongation Factor Tu and Anthraniloyl‐fluorescent Analogues of Guanyl Nucleotides (1995)

A fluorescent analogue of GDP, the 3'-O-anthraniloyl-GDP (anl-GDP) was demonstrated to bind to the elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) with an affinity even higher than that of the parent nucleotide. As a consequence of the binding, an increase in fluorescence anisotropy and an emission band arising from non-radiative energy transfer among the protein intrinsic fluorophores and the labelled nucleotide were observed. Therefore, it was possible to study the exchange kinetics and the equilibrium between the protein-bound labelled GDP and the natural nucleotide through modifications, occurring during the course of the reaction, of fluorescence anisotropy and non-radiative energy transfer. In this way, it was also easily proven that, in the presence of aurodox (N-methylkirromycin), an antibiotic impairing EF-Tu biological function, the exchange kinetics between the protein-bound labeled GDP and the natural nucleotide was faster. Moreover, it was also found that the labelled nucleotide is recognized as a substrate by pyruvate kinase, being converted by this enzyme, in the presence of phosphoenolpyruvate, into anl-GTP. Pyruvate kinase is also able to convert, in the presence of phosphoenolpyruvate, the complex EF-Tu.anl-GDP into the complex EF-Tu.anl-GTP. The fluorescence properties of the 3'-O-anthraniloyl-labeled guanyl nucleotides and their feature as excellent acceptors of fluorescence arising from protein intrinsic fluorophores, may make these compounds useful for structural and binding studies on guanosine-nucleotide-binding proteins.
Abstract WP376: Effects of Organized Stroke Care Capacities on In-hospital Mortality of Patients with Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke. J-ASPECT Study (2013)

Background and Purpose Data on the effectiveness of organized stroke care on mortality of patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are limited. In this study, we examined whether organized stroke care for all types of stroke influence the stroke in-hospital mortality in the real-world setting. Methods Of the 1381 certified training institutions of the Japan Neurosurgical Society and/or the Japan Stroke Society, 751 hospitals responded to a survey with questions regarding organized stroke care capacities. Organized stroke care capacities were assessed by 25 items divided into 7 subcategory score regarding personnel with specific expertise, diagnostic techniques, surgical and interventional therapies, infrastructure and educational components recommended for comprehensive stroke center (Albers et al. Stroke 2005). Among the institutions that responded, data on patients hospitalized due to stroke were obtained from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database in 2011. In-hospital mortality was analyzed with the total and subcategory scores using hierarchical logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex and institutional difference. Results Data of 256 institutions and 53,170 emergency hospitalized patients were analyzed. Mortality rates were 7.8% for cerebral infarction(CI), 16.8% for intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH), and 28.1% for subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH). Mortality of CI was significantly correlated with total score (OR=0.97, 95%CI=0.96-0.99), subcategory score in personnel (OR=0.93,95%CI=0.88-0.99), infrastructure (OR=0.92, 95%CI=0.87-0.97) and education (OR=0.88, 95%CI=0.81-0.95) adjusted for age and sex. Mortality of ICH was significantly correlated with total score (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-1.00), diagnostic technique (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87-0.99) and education (OR = 0.90; 95% CI: = 0.83-0.98). Mortality of SAH was significantly associated with total score (OR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93-0.98), surgical and interventional therapies (OR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.77-0.92), infrastructure (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84-0.98) and education (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75-0.92). Conclusion Organized stroke care was associated with in-hospital mortality rates depending on the stroke types.
Detection of bovine coronavirus in nasal swab of non-captive wild water deer, Korea (2018)

Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is a causative agent of respiratory and enteric diseases in cattle and calves. BCoV infection was also evident in captive wild ruminants. Recently, water deer are recognized as the most common wildlife to approach farmhouses and livestock barns in Korea. Therefore, we investigated 77 nasal swab samples from non-captive wild water deer (Hydropotes inermis) between November 2016 and September 2017 and identified three samples positive for coronavirus, indicating potential for respiratory shedding. The full genomic sequences of the water deer coronavirus were closely related to BCoV (>98%). Therefore, effective biosecurity system in bovine farms would be necessary to prevent contact between farm ruminants and free-ranging wild water deer.
Evidence for a role in growth and salt resistance of a plasma membrane H+‐ATPase in the root endodermis (2001)

The plasma membrane of plant cells is energized by an electrochemical gradient produced by P-type H+-ATPases (proton pumps). These pumps are encoded by at least 12 genes in Arabidopsis. Here we provide evidence that isoform AHA4 contributes to solute transport through the root endodermis. AHA4 is expressed most strongly in the root endodermis and flowers, as suggested by promoter-GUS reporter assays. A disruption of this pump (aha4-1) was identified as a T-DNA insertion in the middle of the gene (after VFP(574)). Truncated aha4-1 transcripts accumulate to approximately 50% of the level observed for AHA4 mRNA in wild-type plants. Plants homozygous for aha4-1 (-/-) show a subtle reduction in root and shoot growth compared with wild-type plants when grown under normal conditions. However, a mutant phenotype is very clear in plants grown under salt stress (e.g., 75 or 110 mM NaCl). In leaves of mutant plants subjected to Na stress, the ratio of Na to K increased 4-5-fold. Interestingly, the aha4-1 mutation appears to be semidominant and was only partially complemented by the introduction of additional wild-type copies of AHA4. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that aha4-1 may produce a dominant negative protein or RNA that partially disrupts the activity of other pumps or functions in the root endodermal tissue, thereby compromising the function of this cell layer in controlling ion homeostasis and nutrient transport.
An Integrated Probe for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Monitored Skin Cryosurgery (1995)

Cryosurgery of the skin is a common treatment for both benign and malignant skin cancers. Monitoring the depth of the frozen lesion during cryosurgery, either by estimation based on the lateral spread of freeze at the skin surface or via thermocouples, may be inaccurate because of the heterogeneous nature of tissue. We describe an integrated cryosurgical probe and magnitude resonance imaging probe which we use to obtain high resolution MR images of skin, subcutaneous muscle and the frozen lesion during cryosurgery.
Industry 4.0, How to Integrate Legacy Devices: A Cloud IoT Approach (2018)

The Industry 4.0 approach purpose the massive transformation of the traditional plants into smart factories, however the current industrial shop floor, is composed of a large number of dumb devices (legacy devices). This work describes an approach for integrating legacy devices with a cloud-based IoT platform. This proposal uses the following steps: Virtualize the real equipment, connect the virtual equipment to the cloud, make all the necessary tests with the virtual equipment, and after testing it connects the real equipment with the cloud. We opted for the initial use of a virtual equipment (virtual Modular Production System-CIROS®), as this creates a totally free and secure development and a testing environment without having to stop the real equipment in the shop floor for testing. In this approach were used the same tools that the companies use, such as OPC UA, UaGateway, CODESYS®, and the integration was carried out with SAP IoT Cloud Platform.
Efficacy and Safety of Ultrapure Alginate-Based Anti-Adhesion Gel in Experimental Peritonitis (2015)

Ultrapure alginate gel reduces adhesion severity but not abscesses. The gel seemed to be safe, not aggravating intra-peritoneal infection in this abdominal infection model.
The electroformed metal-insulator-metal structure: a comprehensive model (2002)

A new model is presented of the electroformed metal-insulator-metal structure which explains its various properties including electron emission, electroluminescence, memory effects and, for the first time, a complete account of the differential negative resistance. The model is based upon experiments which identify the conduction process to be trap-controlled thermally activated tunnelling between metal islands produced in the forming process. The implications for the production of commercial electroformed devices are discussed.
Meldrum's Acids as Acylating Agents in the Catalytic Intramolecular Friedel−Crafts Reaction (2005)

[reaction: see text] The intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation of aromatics with Meldrum's acid derivatives catalyzed by metal trifluoromethanesulfonates is reported. Meldrum's acids are easily prepared, functionalized, handled, and purified. The synthesis of polysubstituted 1-indanones from benzyl Meldrum's acids was investigated thoroughly, and it was shown that a variety of catalysts were effective, while accommodating a diversity of functional groups under mild conditions. The scope, limitations, and functional group tolerance (terminal alkene and alkyne, ketal, dialkyl ether, dialkyl thioether, aryl methyl ether, aryl TIPS and TBDPS ethers, nitrile- and nitro-substituted aryls, alkyl and aryl halides) for a variety of 5-benzyl (enolizable Meldrum's acids) and 5-benzyl-5-substituted Meldrum's acids (quaternized Meldrum's acids), forming 1-indanones and 2-substituted-1-indanones, respectively, are delineated. This method was further applied to the synthesis of 1-tetralones, 1-benzosuberones, and the potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil. Rate of cyclization as a function of ring size was established for various benzocyclic ketones via competition experiments: 1-tetralones form faster than both 1-indanones and 1-benzosuberones, and 1-benzosuberones cyclize faster than 1-indanones.
Characterization of a murine lymphoma cell line by31P-NMR spectroscopy:In vivo monitoring of the local anti-tumor effects of systemic immune cell transfer (1996)

The intradermal ESb-MP murine T-cell lymphoma in syngeneic DBA/2 mice has been used as a model for adoptive immunotherapy (ADI). Cultured ESb-MP cells were characterized in suspension by 31P-NMR spectroscopy (MRS) at 11.7 T, and solid primary tumors were examined by 31P-MRS in vivo at 7.0 Tesla using surface-coil techniques. Growing tumors contained relatively high levels of phosphomonoesters (PME, predominantly phosphoethanolamine), nucleotides (NTP) and P1, low levels of phosphodiesters (PDE) and no phosphocreatine. Mean tissue pH was found to be 6.7–6.9. The spectra of ESb-MP cells cultured in RPMI medium (containing choline but no ethanolamine) also showed low PDE and no phosphocreatine at an intracellular pH of 7.4; however, only a trace amount of phosphoethanolamine was detected and significant levels of nucleoside mono- and diphosphates were observed. The complete ADI treatment protocol involved low-dose irradiation (5 Gy) followed by i.v. transfer of immune spleen cells from allogeneic B10.D2 donors and resulted in 100% remission (responders); no treatment or incomplete ADI (irradiation or immune cell transfer alone) resulted in no remissions (non-responders). In vivo MRS could best discriminate between responders and non-responders on the basis of tissue pH, which increased in responders to 7.0 by day 5–6 after complete ADI. Following therapy, the sum of PME + P1 (both absolute and as a percent of total phosphates) decreased significantly only for responders but only after a visible decrease in tumor volume was apparent. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.