gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parathyroid Hypertensive Factor, a Circulating Factor in Animal and Human Hypertension (1991)

A new circulating hypertensive factor (parathyroid hypertensive factor; PHF) was shown to exist in the plasma of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) but not in that of normotensive rats. PHF produced a delayed increase in blood pressure with a peak response at 45 min (bolus injection) or 60 to 90 min (continuous infusion). This increase in blood pressure was coupled with an in vitro increase in calcium uptake in rat tail artery with a similar time course. The involvement of calcium in the mechanism of action was supported by the inhibitory effect of calcium antagonists on the vascular action of PHF. Furthermore, PHF increased the intracellular free calcium concentration in cultured smooth muscle cells from rat tail artery. Parathyroidectomy and parathyroid transplant experiments indicated the parathyroid origin of PHF. A culture of parathyroid glands from SHR, but not from normotensive rats, produced in the medium a factor which has the same biological property and HPLC retention time as plasma PHF. A novel cell type was described in the parathyroid gland of SHR, but not normotensive rats, and the percent of these cells correlated significantly with plasma PHF level and blood pressure. In some hyperparathyroid patients, plasma PHF and hypertension were found, both of which disappeared after surgical removal of the parathyroid gland. In both animal models and human studies, PHF seems to be associated with low or normal plasma renin and salt-sensitive type of hypertension.
A novel tick protein supports integrity of gut peritrophic matrix impacting existence of gut microbiome and Lyme disease pathogens (2020)

The peritrophic matrix (PM) is an acellular membrane that covers the gut epithelium in arthropods and physically separates it from the lumen. The structure is thought to play an important role in tick biology. The PM is also known to impact the persistence of tick-borne pathogens like Borrelia burgdorferi, although limited information is available about its molecular constituents or their biological significance. Herein, we characterise a novel PM-associated gut protein in Ixodes scapularis ticks, annotated as Peritrophic Membrane Chitin Binding Protein (PM_CBP), for its role in the integrity and function of the matrix. The PM_CBP displays homology to the chitin deacetylase metalloenzyme, shows upregulation during tick feeding, and is localized at the luminal surface of the gut epithelium. The structural integrity of the PM was impaired both by the knock down of PM_CBP expression via RNA interference and by treatment with anti-PM_CBP antibodies, as revealed by its electron microscopic appearance. Additionally, the duration of tick engorgement on mice and the passage of experimentally-inoculated fluorescent dextran molecules across the PM are affected by the knock down of PM_CBP expression. The transfer of anti-PM_CBP antibodies into the tick gut impacted the overall composition of the resident microbiome, and also influenced B. burgdorferi acquisition in ticks and its transmission to mice. Taken together, these data highlight the biological significance of the Ixodes PM and suggest that the targeting of its molecular constituents may contribute to the development of novel interventions against tick-borne infections.
Quarterback Mouth Guards: Speech Intelligibility and Player Preference (1984)

In brief: Five mouth guard designs were made for 18 high school and university quarterbacks. The mouth guards were evaluated for speech intelligibility when the players called representative signals. Speech intelligibility was significantly better with custom mouth guards constructed on a cast of the player's dental arch than with the self-adapted mouth guards. All quarterbacks preferred the custom mouth guard with occlusion and restricted palatal coverage for use during the season.
Comparison of Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells With and Without Anion Exchange Membrane (2014)

The performance of three alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells (ADEFCs) is investigated. All three use identical anode and cathode electrodes, but one uses an anion exchange membrane (AEM) and the other two use nonpermselective porous separators. Ethanol was chosen as the fuel because of its low toxicity, low carbon footage, and market readiness. A direct comparison between ADEFCs with and without AEM is reported. The performance of each cell is studied under different operation conditions of temperature, reactants flow rate, ethanol and potassium hydroxide (KOH) concentrations. The results show that with low cost porous separator, the ADEFC can reach similar power output as those using expensive AEMs. With 1 M ethanol and 1 M KOH aqueous solution, the maximum power densities of 26.04 mW/cm2 and 24.0 mW/cm2 are achieved for the ADEFC employing AEM and porous separator, respectively. This proves the feasibility of replacing AEM with nonpermselective separators. The results suggest that improving the cathode structure in order to provide a better oxygen supply is the key factor to enhance the performance of an AEM free ADEFC.
DNA Methylation, Histone Modifications, and Signal Transduction Pathways: A Close Relationship in Malignant Gliomas Pathophysiology (2012)

Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor. Although tremendous progress has been achieved in the recent years in the diagnosis and treatment, its molecular etiology remains unknown. In this regard, epigenetics represents a new approach to study the mechanisms that control gene expression and function without changing the sequence of the genome. In the present paper we describe the main findings about the alterations of cell signaling pathways in the most aggressive glioma in the adult population, namely, glioblastoma, in which epigenetic mechanisms and the emerging role of cancer stem cell play a crucial function in the development of new biomarkers for its detection and prognosis and the corresponding development of new pharmacological strategies.
Experience in the development of low haemolysis pumps (1976)

In an attempt to provide a pulsatile pump with a low rate of haemolysis, two pulsatile pumps have been developed. These were compared with commercially available pulsatile and roller pumps. The blood flow and the rate of haemolysis were studied under similar conditions. Our pumps were significantly better than the commercial pumps as far as mechanical damage to the red blood cells was concerned. However, we carried out certain modifications to one of our pumps which resulted in a significant reduction in the amount of haemolysis over its previous performance.
Coherence based Dual Microphone Source Separation in Low SNR Noisy Environments (2018)

A coherence function based dual-microphone source separation method in the adverse noisy environments is presented in this paper. The method is based on the coherence between the clean speech and noise signal for the noise reduction. The technique is applied to closely spaced microphones array and assumed that noise signals are captured by microphones are highly correlated. The presented technique is straightforward to realize and does not need any noise statistics estimation. The technique is evaluated in terms of the speech intelligibility, perceptual quality, segmental SNR (SNRSeg), speech distortion and residual noise objective measures. The experimental results indicate improved gains in perceptual quality, and speech intelligibility comparative to the noisy speech. Moreover, the presented technique yielded substantial improvements in terms of the SNRSeg, speech distortion and residual noise, respectively in low SNR (-5 and -10 dB) noisy environments than noisy speech. The time-varying spectral and time-domain waveform analysis indicated a low residual noise and less speech distortion in the spectrums of speech processed by the coherence based source separation technique.
Pattern Discovery in Time Series, Part I: Theory, Algorithm, Analysis, and Convergence (2002)

We present a new algorithm for discovering patterns in time series and other sequential data. We exhibit a reliable procedure for building the minimal set of hidden, Markovian states that is statistically capable of producing the behavior exhibited in the data — the underlying process’s causal states. Unlike conventional methods for fitting hidden Markov models (HMMs) to data, our algorithm makes no assumptions about the process’s causal architecture (the number of hidden states and their transition structure), but rather infers it from the data. It starts with assumptions of minimal structure and introduces complexity only when the data demand it. Moreover, the causal states it infers have important predictive optimality properties that conventional HMM states lack. Here, in Part I, we introduce the algorithm, review the theory behind it, prove its asymptotic reliability, and use large deviation theory to estimate its rate of convergence. In the sequel, Part II, we outline the algorithm’s implementation, illustrate its ability to discover even “difficult” patterns, and compare it to various alternative schemes.
Niemann-Pick Disease Type C in Neonatal Cholestasis at a North American Center (2002)

Niemann-Pick disease type C should be considered in all infants with cholestasis, particularly those with splenomegaly or who are of Hispanic descent. Electron microscopy and lipid analysis of liver biopsy specimens obtained during the evaluation of neonatal cholestasis may suggest this diagnosis.
The heat stability of milk and concentrated milk containing added aldehydes and sugars (1978)

Summary The addition of simple aldehydes brought about large increases in the heat stability of both skim-milk and concentrated skim-milk over a comparatively wide milk–pH range. The coagulation time–pH minima of type A milks were completely removed by aldehyde treatment. Some sugars, which react readily as aldehydes on heating, were also shown to stabilize concentrated milk to prolonged heat treatment at 120 °C.
Innate Lymphoid Cells Have Decreased HLA-DR Expression but Retain Their Responsiveness to TLR Ligands during Sepsis (2018)

Sepsis, one of the leading causes of death in intensive care units, is caused by a dysregulated host response to infection that leads to life-threatening organ dysfunction. The proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses activated by the infecting microorganism become systemic, and the sustained anti-inflammatory response induces a state of immunosuppression that is characterized by decreased expression of HLA-DR on monocytes, T cell apoptosis, and reduced production of TNF-α by monocytes and macrophages in response to TLR ligands. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are lymphocytes that lack Ag-specific receptors and lineage-specific markers; they express HLA-DR and are activated by cytokines and by direct recognition of microbial molecules. In this study, we evaluated if ILCs are affected by the anti-inflammatory response during sepsis. We found that the number of peripheral blood ILCs was decreased in septic patients compared with healthy volunteers; this decrease was caused by a reduction in ILC1 and ILC3 and is associated with apoptosis, because ILCs from septic patients expressed active caspase 3. ILCs from septic patients had decreased HLA-DR expression but increased expression of the activating receptors NKp46 and NKp44; they also showed a sustained expression of CD127 (IL-7R α-chain) and retained their capacity to produce TNF-α in response to TLR ligands. These results indicate that during sepsis, ILCs have decreased HLA-DR expression and die via apoptosis, similar to monocytes and T cells, respectively. However, other effector functions of ILCs (activation through NKp46 and NKp44, TNF-α production) may remain unaffected by the immunosuppressive environment prevailing in septic patients.
Analysis of converter operation with phase-leg control in daisy-chained or ring-type structure (2003)

In distributed converter topology, where each phase leg is controlled by a separate module controller, there is an inherent delay in daisy-chained and ring-type structures. This creates a synchronization problem in data acquisition and implementation of pulse width modulation (PWM). Waveforms that predict the effect of the delay and help define system requirements are presented.
Invasion of selectively permeable sea urchin embryo basement membranes by metastatic tumor cells, but not by their normal counterparts. (1995)

The selectively permeable basement membranes and the associated extracellular matrix of sea urchin embryos can be obtained intact. Their exterior surfaces have been used as invasion substrates for metastatic melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and fibrosarcoma cells, for primary squamous cell carcinoma cells, and for neonatal melanocytes, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes. About 18% of all metastatic tumor cells placed in contact with sea urchin embryo basement membranes and their associated extracellular matrix invaded them. About 4% of the cells of a primary squamous cell carcinoma, which later metastasized, invaded these substrates. As expected, neonatal melanocytes, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts failed to invade; however, melanocytes treated with scatter factor (hepatocyte growth factor) invaded as efficiently as metastatic tumor cells. This suggests that the lack of invasion by epidermal melanocytes is not due to irreversible differentiation to a noninvasive phenotype. Invasion time courses showed that the metastatic cells tested reached their maximal invasion frequencies in 4 h; thus, invasion of these substrates is rapid and efficient. This suggests that molecules participating in basement membrane recognition and invasion have been functionally conserved during the time separating vertebrates from invertebrates and that their constitutive activity may allow metastatic cells to escape their tissues of origin.
Aerosol-induced laser breakdown thresholds: wavelength dependence (1988)

Aerosol-induced loser breakdown thresholds have been measured for liquid droplets at wavelengths lambda= 1.064, 0.532, 0.355, 0.266 microm using a Nd:YAG laser with 5-10-ns pulse duration. Breakdown thresholds are 2-3 orders of magnitude below those for clean air and range from 4 x 10(7) to 3 x 10(9) W cm(-2) for nominal 50-microm diam droplets, depending on laser wavelength and droplet composition. Thresholds decrease with decreasing wavelength; they also decrease for droplets having a higher real refractive index. For water droplets the breakdown threshold intensity varies approximately as lambda(0.5). The wavelength dependence of breakdown thresholds can be qualitatively explained by considering (1) the effect of enhancement of internal fields and energy density within and near droplets and (2) the increasing importance of multiphoton absorption processes at shorter wavelengths. Laser transmission losses through the breakdown plasma and observations of the suppression of stimulated Raman scattering by the addition of small quantitites of absorbing material to water and carbon tetrachloride droplets are also reported.
Seasonal Abundance of Adult Culicoides Spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in a Salt Marsh in Florida, USA (1986)

New Jersey light traps and emergence traps were used to determine species composition and seasonal prevalence of adult biting-midge populations at Yankeetown, Florida, USA. Twenty-one species of Culicoides were collected in light traps. Culicoides mississippiensis (57%) and C.furens (36%) were the prevalent species in these collections. Culicoides barbosai was the next most abundant species. These 3 species and C. floridensis and C. melleus were the only man-biting species collected. Only C. furens (73%) and C. mississippiensis (27%) were collected in the emergence traps. Analysis of the overall distribution of C. mississippiensis by plant cover (based on mean number flies/trap/day) revealed that 58% were in Spartina, 22% in Juncus, and 20% in Distichlis; for C.furens, 20% were in Spartina, 12% in Juncus, and 68% in Distichlis. Some C. mississippiensis were present throughout the year, but this species was most abundant during the spring from mid-March through May and in the fall from mid-September through November. Most of the C. mississippiensis collected in emergence traps in the spring were from Spartina areas, and in the fall most specimens were from Juncus and Distichlis areas. Culicoides furens was present in light-trap collections from early April through early November. The largest peak usually occurred in September. Most of the specimens collected in emergence traps from June through October were from Distichlis areas.
1306 Sevoflurane Potentiates and Blocks the Current through Recombinant α1 β2 γ2L GABAA Receptors (GABAA R) (1999)

Institut für Anaesthesiologie der Technischen Universltät München, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany
Experimental application of an autonomous mobile robot for gas leak detection in indoor environments (2014)

This paper presents the experimental application of an autonomous mobile robot for gas leak detection in indoor environments. The application is focused to automatize a human-risky operation in indoor areas. The goal of the autonomous mobile robot is the localization of a toxic gas leak source. So, the mobile robot has to explore the whole area and perform an auto-localization procedure based on a SLAM method and a LIDAR sensor. The mobile robot measures gas concentration by using a photoionization detector. The experimentation was realized in a large indoor environment in a university facility with a simulated gas leak source. The combination of the results from the auto-localization procedure with the information of the sensors allows the estimation of the gas leak source location.
2-Imino-thiazolidin-4-one Derivatives as Potent, Orally Active S1P1Receptor Agonists (2010)

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a widespread lysophospholipid which displays a wealth of biological effects. Extracellular S1P conveys its activity through five specific G-protein coupled receptors numbered S1P(1) through S1P(5). Agonists of the S1P(1) receptor block the egress of T-lymphocytes from thymus and lymphoid organs and hold promise for the oral treatment of autoimmune disorders. Here, we report on the discovery and detailed structure-activity relationships of a novel class of S1P(1) receptor agonists based on the 2-imino-thiazolidin-4-one scaffold. Compound 8bo (ACT-128800) emerged from this series and is a potent, selective, and orally active S1P(1) receptor agonist selected for clinical development. In the rat, maximal reduction of circulating lymphocytes was reached at a dose of 3 mg/kg. The duration of lymphocyte sequestration was dose dependent. At a dose of 100 mg/kg, the effect on lymphocyte counts was fully reversible within less than 36 h. Pharmacokinetic investigation of 8bo in beagle dogs suggests that the compound is suitable for once daily dosing in humans.
ISOLATION OF THE ACTIN-ENCODING cDNA OF KURUMA SHRIMP MARSUPENAEUS JAPONICUS (2002)

An actin-encoding cDNA of the kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) was cloned from a hemocyte cDNA library. To obtain the full length of actin cDNA, a partial cDNA fragment of 517 bp was isolated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from poly (A) RNA derived from hemocytes and used as a probe for plaque hybridization. The full actin cDNA was 1,327 bp in length, encoding 376 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence had 100% identity to that of β-actin from the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, and extremely high similarity to the sequences of actins in other vertebrates and invertebrates. The cDNA fragments of the actin were amplified by RT-PCR from all organs tested: lymphoid organ, stomach, hepatopancreas, heart, kidney, muscle, eye, ovary, and testis.
Transkulturelle Anpassung des „Neck Pain and Disability“ Fragebogens für deutschsprachige Patienten (2003)

In der Beurteilung des postoperativen Outcome werden patientenorientierte Untersuchungsmethoden nach chirurgischen Eingriffen immer wichtiger. Selbst in englischer Sprache existieren für Patienten mit Nackenbeschwerden nur wenige Fragebögen.
Characteristics of Biodegradation of Cyanobacterial Toxin Microcystin LR in Environmental Water Under the River Die-away Test. (2003)

The biodegradability of microcystins produced by water-bloom was examined using the river die-away test. Although microcystin LR was not degraded during the first eight days after starting the test, after the eighth day, it began to be degraded rapidly, suggesting that microcystin LR was degraded by inductive metabolism and specific biodegradation. The activity of specific degradation of microcystin LR in the samples from a pond in which water-bloom was occurring was higher than from a pond with no water-bloom. Furthermore, the activity of specific degradation of microcystin LR in the samples taken during the water-bloom season (July 2001) was higher than on no water-bloom season (June 2001) . These results show that the bacteria that can degrade microcystin LR act accompanying the occurrence of water-bloom. Also, under the alkaline condition, microcystin LR was not degraded in the sample from the pond without water-bloom, but was degraded rapidly in the sample from the pond with water-bloom. We suggest that alkaliphilic or tolerant alkaline bacteria are strongly involved in the degradation of microcystin LR in the pond with water-bloom. We concluded that the fate of microcystin in the environment depend on specific bacteria which could adapt to two requirements, specific degradation metabolism for microcystin and tolerance to alkaline environment.
Secukinumab Demonstrates Significantly Lower Immunogenicity Potential Compared to Ixekizumab (2018)

Novartis Pharmaceuticals AG.
Spin-Excitation-Instability-Induced Quantum Phase Transitions in Double-Layer Quantum Hall Systems (1997)

We study intersubband spin density collective modes in double-layer quantum Hall systems at $\ensuremath{\nu}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}2$ within the time-dependent Hartree-Fock approximation. We find that these intersubband spin density excitations may soften under experimentally accessible conditions, signaling a phase transition to a new quantum Hall state with interlayer inplane antiferromagnetic spin correlations. We show that this novel canted antiferromagnetic phase is energetically stable and that the phase transition is continuous.
Perturbations of auditory feedback delay and the timing of movement. (1977)

Among theories concerned with the timing of movement sequences, an important distinction exists between those that assume closed-loop control (in which feedback contingent on one response starts the chain of events that leads to the next response) and those that assume open-loop control (in which feedback does not serve that function). An experiment is reported in which subjects had to make repetitive finger-tapping responses at fixed intervals of 350, 500, or 650 msec. A brief auditory signal was fed back to the subject after each response, and once in each trial, the auditory feedback delay associated with one response selected at random was perturbed by a small amount. It was found that such perturbations affected the immediately subsequent interresponse interval, which is evidence against the simple open-loop model. However, the effects, although in the same direction as the perturbation, were smaller in magnitude, a finding that rejects the simple closed-loop model. In discussing these results it is suggested that subjects operated chiefly in open-loop fashion but monitored the auditory feedback, making compensatory attempts when intervals between auditory feedback events grossly deviated from the desired interresponse interval.