gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prematerialization (2006)

Modern compiler transformations that eliminate redundant computations or reorder instructions, such as partial redundancy elimination and instruction scheduling, are very effective in improving application performance but tend to create longer and potentially more complex live ranges. Typically the task of dealing with the increased register pressure is left to the register allocator. To avoid introduction of spill code which can reduce or completely eliminate the benefit of earlier optimizations, researchers have developed techniques such as live range splitting and rematerializatio.This paper describes prematerialization (PM), a novel method for reducing register pressure for VLIW architectures with nop instructions. PM and rematerialization both select "never killed" live ranges and break them up by introducing one or more definitions close to the uses. However, while rematerialization is applied to live ranges selected for spilling during register allocation, PM relies on the availability of nop instructions and occurs prior to register allocation. PM simplifies register allocation by creating live ranges that are easier to color and less likely to spill. We have implemented prematerialization in HP-UX production compilers for the Intel® Itanium® architecture. Performance evaluation indicates that the proposed technique is effective in reducing register pressure inherent in highly optimized code.
A STOPPED-FLOW FLUORESCENCE ANISOTROPY METHOD FOR MEASURING HORMONE BINDING AND DISSOCIATION KINETICS WITH CELL-SURFACE RECEPTORS IN LIVING CELLS (2002)

We have developed a system for extending stopped-flow analysis to the kinetics of ligand capture and release by cell surface receptors in living cells. While most mammalian cell lines cannot survive the shear forces associated with turbulent, stopped-flow mixing, we determined that 32D cells, murine hematopoietic precursor cells, can survive rapid mixing, even at the high flow rates necessary to achieve dwell times as short as 10 msec. In addition, 32D cells do not express any member of the ErbB family of receptors, providing a null background for studying this receptor family. We have established a series of stable, monoclonal 32D-derived cell lines that express the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, ErbB2, or a combination of both at different ratios. Using these cell lines and a homogeneous fluorescent derivative of H22Y-mEGF modified with fluorescein at the amino terminus (F-EGF), we have measured association and dissociation of F-EGF with its receptor. Association was measured by following the time-dependent changes in fluorescence anisotropy after rapidly mixing cells at various cell densities with F-EGF at 1-15nM. Dissociation was measured both by chase experiments in which unlabeled EGF was mixed with cells pre-equilibrated with F-EGF or by dilution of cells equilibrated with F-EGF. Comparison of these dissociation experiments demonstrated that little or no ligand-induced dissociation occurs in the chase dissociation experiments. For each cell line, data from a series of association experiments and dilution dissociation experiments were subjected to global analysis using a two independent receptor-class model. Our analysis is consistent with the presence of two distinct receptor populations, even in cells bearing only the EGF receptor. Increasing the relative expression of ErbB2 leads to an increase in the fraction of high affinity class receptors observed, without altering the total number of EGF binding sites.
Airway bacterial community composition in persons with advanced cystic fibrosis lung disease (2023)

A considerable proportion of pwCF with advanced lung disease do not have airway bacterial communities characterized by low diversity and a dominant genus and these individuals had better survival. An understanding of the antecedents of low diversity airway communities- and the impact these may have on lung disease trajectory - may provide avenues for improved management strategies.
Focus: Landmarks—Discovery of Particles inside the Proton (2014)

High-energy collisions between electrons and protons produced the first indications, published in 1969, that smaller constituent particles lurked inside protons.
Correction: Sustainable Cross-linked Porous Corn Starch Adsorbents with High Methyl Violet Adsorption (2020)

A correction has been made to the grant number for Tianjin Municipal Education Commission in the Acknowledgement for the paper entitled “Sustainable Cross-linked Porous Corn Starch Adsorbents with High Methyl Violet Adsorption”.
Industrial asset management strategies for the oil & gas sector (2012)

This paper discusses some key facts about the industrial asset management and the technology behind it as well as asset management strategies that ABB has deployed to some of the biggest projects in the oil and gas industry: offshore and onshore. These, amongst others, include the Ormen Lange natural gas plant which supplies to the UK from Norway over the 1,155km pipeline the longest subsea pipeline in the world and the Goliat FPSO which is partly electrified by a 106km subsea power cable, the longest most powerful cable ever delivered for an offshore application.
Reduced Humidity Effects on Probe Nano-Oxidation Investigated Using Dynamic Force Microscope (2006)

Humidity effects on nano-oxidation are investigated using a dynamic force microscope in the humidity range of 30–60%. Oxide size and detected faradaic current increased with relative humidity and applied voltage. The aspect ratios of fabricated oxides at various humidities are approximately of the same magnitude. Scanning probe microscope nano-oxidation in the dynamic mode is less subject to the relative humidity than that in the contact mode.
Synthesis of Some Thiazolo [3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazole-5(6H)-ones and Their Novel Michael Addition Products with Anti-inflammatory Activities (2011)

In this study, 21 new compounds having 2-methyl-6-benzylidenethiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazol-5(6H)-one (2-4) and 2-methyl-6-(alpha-aminobenzyl)thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazole-5-ol (2a-4g) structures were synthesized. The structures of the compounds were proved by spectral and elemental analysis. All of the compounds synthesized were tested for their anti-inflammatory actively and ulcerogenic potential in mice at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg dose levels. Compound 4b showed higher anti-inflammatory activity than the analogue derivatives and indometacin (CAS 53-86-1), used as a reference drug, at 10 mg/kg dose level. Generally, the compounds were found to be more reliable than indometacin since they did not cause any reaction in the stomach.
Pattern Recognition on the Forehead: An Electronic Scan System (1977)

Reports two attempted improvements over existing techniques for effecting the recognition of spatial patterns imparted by means of vibrating points to the skin of blind persons. The limitations of abdomen and fingertips as stimulation sites are discussed, and experimental evidence of the effectiveness of the forehead, which does not share these limitations, is reported. In addition, a novel electronic scan system is reported which effected pattern recognition as well as, or better than, existing systems, and which promises certain advantages over them.
Preservation of column efficiency when using solvent vent injection in open tubular column supercritical fluid chromatography (1991)

Abstract The use of small internal diameter precolumns (11–25‐μm i. d.) helped solute focussing when using solvent vent sample introduction in open tubular column supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). Column efficiencies were similar to those obtained with split injection (3000–5000 plates m −1 ). Trace analysis in SFC was improved because large volumes (1 μL) could be introduced for analysis with little sacrifice in column efficiency.
LONG-TERM ALLOGRAFT ACCEPTANCE IN A PATIENT WITH POSTTRANSPLANT LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDER (1997)

We suggest that the preserved renal function resulted from the anti-inflammatory actions of vIL-10 inhibiting acute rejection in the renal allograft.
In Vitro Freezing Tolerance in Relation to Winter Survival of Rapeseed Cultivars (1993)

Winter survival is a complex trait dependent on a number of parameters, including the morphological and physiological characteristics of the plant, soil conditions, and weather fluctuations. Freezing tolerance of the plant is a major factor determining winter survival and can be assessed indirectly by measuring ion leakage from leaves exposed to freezing temperatures. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between in vitro freezing tolerance and winter survival in rapeseed. Ten rapeseed cultivars ( Brassica napus and B. rapa ) were subjected to an in vitro controlled freeze and assayed for ion leakage both before and after cold acclimation for three weeks. In addition, these same cultivars were fall‐seeded at two field locations and their winter survival evaluated. Freezing tolerances determined by the in vitro freezing assay increased after acclimation, and cultivars differed significantly for freezin tolerance before and after acclimation. The increase in in vitro freezing tolerance of the cultivars after acclimation was correlated significantly with winter survival (r = 0.82–0.85, P &lt; 0.05), and, therefore, this in vitro assay could be a useful predictor of field results. One exception to this correlation was B. napus cultivar Santana, which had a large capacity for acclimation but did not survive in either field location. These results suggest that freezing tolerance is an important, but not the only, component of winter survival.
Versuchsdurchführung und -Auswertung (1979)

Die Biegewechselproben wurden aus dem Vergütungsstahl Ck 45 hergestellt, dessen Zusammensetzung in Tabelle 2 angegeben ist. Er wurde als Vierkantstahl in geglühtem Zustand angeliefert.
Suicide in the Northern Territory, 1981–2002 (2006)

Our study highlights the rising rate of suicide in the NT and suggests that suicide prevention initiatives need to specifically target Indigenous and non-Indigenous males in the age groups most at risk.
The Paracrine Hormone Hypothesis of Colorectal Cancer (2007)

Colorectal carcinogenesis originates in the context of dysregulated epithelial cell homeostasis, wherein hyperproliferation, hypodifferentiation, metabolic reprogramming, and mesenchymal remodeling reflect recursive mutually reinforcing mechanisms contributing to progressive genomic instability. Although genotypic and phenotypic elements characterizing the terminal integration of these pathophysiological processes defining cancer are well enumerated, events initiating, coordinating, and sustaining this hierarchical maladaptive systems evolution remain elusive for most tumors. In the intestine, guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) and its paracrine ligands organize and regulate the homeostatic integrity of the crypt-villus axis, forming a hormonal tumor suppressor signaling sequence, whose dysfunction defines the initiation of neoplastic transformation and creates a permissive niche for tumor progression.
Compensating finite-difference errors in 3-D migration and modeling (1991)

Abstract One-pass three-dimensional (3-D) depth migration potentially offers more accurate imaging results than does conventional two-pass 3-D migration for variable velocity media. Conventional one-pass 3-D migration, using the method of finite-difference inline and crossline splitting, however, creates large errors in the image of complex structures. These errors are due to paraxial wave-equation approximation of the one-way wave equation, inline-crossline splitting, and finite-difference grid dispersion.To compensate for these errors, and still preserve the efficiency of the conventional finite-difference splitting method, a phase-correction operator is derived by minimizing the difference between the ideal 3-D migration (or modeling) and the actual, conventional 3-D migration (or modeling). For frequency-space 3-D finite-difference migration and modeling, the compensation operator is implemented using either the phase-shift, or phase-shift-plus-interpolation method, depending on the extent of lateral velocity variations. The compensation operator increases the accuracy of handling steep dips, suppresses the inline and crossline splitting error, and reduces finite-difference grid dispersions.
Managing an Invasion: Effective Measures To Control Wild Pigs (2011)

A few years back, wild pigs ran mostly unchecked on Ossabaw Island, a 25,000-acre barrier island of maritime forests and marshlands just off the coast of Savannah, Georgia. Pigs wreaked havoc on island wildlife, feasting on the eggs of snowy plovers and eating turtle hatchlings as they made their way from the beaches to the water. Managers estimated that hogs were depredating over 30 percent of Ossabaw Island’s sea turtle nests each year (Mississippi State University 2011). Something had to be done. In 2001, the Georgia Department of Natural Resources launched the Wild Pig Removal Program on Ossabaw Island, an intensive, ongoing effort to hunt and trap wild pigs. The Department conducts seven and two hog-only hunts. “We remove between 2,500 and 3,000 hogs annually,” says David Mixon, game management regional supervisor with the Department. “Removing wild pigs and constantly keeping pressure on them, we’ve seen vegetation rebound, increases in deer body weights, and very few sea turtle nests depredated by wild hogs.” In fact, sea turtle nest depredation on Ossabaw Island is now less than 5 percent per year.
Anatomical organization of primate visual cortex area VII (1981)

The Golgi Rapid and Kopsch techniques have been used to provide material for an examination of the internal neuronal organization of cortical area VII of the Macaca monkey. The afferent and efferent relationships of area VII, as shown by axoplasmic transport tracing techniques in our own material and in previous studies in other laboratories, are reviewed. Comparison is made between the internal organisation of VI and VII cortex in terms of (1) the marked different in spiny and nonspiny neurons populations of granular layer 4, (2) the difference in relationship of lamina 6 pyramidal neurons to the overlying layers with a shift away from any relationship to granular layer 4 in VII, and (3) differences in the organization of VI lamina 4B and VII lamina 3B--both similarly placed, fiber-rich bands in the two cortical areas. The extrinsic relationships of VI and VII with the lateral geniculate nucleus, superior colliculus, pulvinar, peristriate cortex, cortical area STS, and with each other are compared in terms of laminar locations of efferent neurons and afferent axon terminal fields. It is hoped that this anatomical survey will provide a better foundation for physiological explorations of the region.
Occlusion and narrowing of the pharyngeal airway in obstructive sleep apnea: evaluation by ultrafast spoiled GRASS MR imaging. (1992)

Morphologic abnormalities of the pharyngeal airway are frequently found in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. These structural alterations in the pharyngeal airway can be detected in awake patients by using rapid imaging techniques. Ten patients with clinically proved obstructive sleep apnea had ultrafast spoiled gradient-recalled acquisition in the steady state (GRASS) MR imaging of the pharyngeal airway to determine the presence of occlusions and/or narrowings. Twelve sequential images were obtained at one midsagittal plane and at eight transverse planes through the pharyngeal airway. The scans were obtained at the rate of one image per 1.04 sec while the patient was breathing quietly. Occlusions or narrowings of the pharyngeal airways were detected on MR images in all patients. The site(s) of the occlusions and the site(s) and extent of the narrowings varied. Six patients had occlusions and four had narrowings of one or more sites. This study shows that ultrafast spoiled GRASS MR imaging can be used to evaluate patients with obstructive sleep apnea during tidal breathing and is useful for determining the presence of occlusions and narrowings of the pharyngeal airway.
Testing Techniques for Electronic Single Point Sensing Systems (1994)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;&lt;b&gt;In this paper, testing techniques for electronic single point frontal crash sensing systems are presented. Particular attention is paid to the algorithms used by these modules. First, a description of a new performance measure called the Crash Detector Operating Characteristic (CDOC) is given. Using the Monte Carlo crash testing technique, a quantitative definition of this measure is described. Two new ways of testing single point modules or algorithms are presented. All of these techniques and approaches lead to objective performance measures. Conclusions and recommendations are drawn from the discussion of the new measures.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Global Relation Embedding for Relation Extraction (2017)

We study the problem of textual relation embedding with distant supervision. To combat the wrong labeling problem of distant supervision, we propose to embed textual relations with global statistics of relations, i.e., the co-occurrence statistics of textual and knowledge base relations collected from the entire corpus. This approach turns out to be more robust to the training noise introduced by distant supervision. On a popular relation extraction dataset, we show that the learned textual relation embedding can be used to augment existing relation extraction models and significantly improve their performance. Most remarkably, for the top 1,000 relational facts discovered by the best existing model, the precision can be improved from 83.9% to 89.3%.
Altered methylation complex isozymes as selective targets for cancer chemotherapy. (1986)

MC2 is a ternary enzyme complex consisting of MAT, methyltransferase and SAHH. Three isozymes of SAHH have been identified from rat and mouse livers based on different kinetic properties. The Km values are 0.35 +/- 0.05 microM, 1.63 +/- 0.38 microM and 0.37 +/- 0.07 mM for SAHH-L, SAHH-I, and SAHH-H respectively. The corresponding low Km isozymes of MAT and SAHH form MCs-L which include RNA MCs, the intermediate Km isozymes form MC-I, and the high Km isozymes form MC-H which is glycine MC. MCs-L are common to all tissues whereas MC-I and MC-H are organ specific enzyme complexes. Low levels of MC-H in the liver of C3H/HeN mouse are correlated with the slow maturation of hepatocytes and the genetic predisposition to develop spontaneous PHC. Rat Novikoff ascites hepatoma and mouse spontaneous PHC have been shown to contain a SAHH isozyme displaying kinetic properties different from the corresponding normal SAHH-L. The abnormal kinetic properties of tumour SAHH are analogous to those of tumour MAT previously shown by the authors to be uniquely associated with malignant tissues. The tumour isozyme, which is named SAHH-LT, has a Km (AR) value of 2.18 +/- 0.22 microM. The altered tumour MC isozymes appear to play an important role in perpetuating malignant growth, because once the tumour growth was inhibited by poly (I) (C), the abnormal kinetic properties were no longer detectable. Thus abnormal tumour MCs may be exploited as selective targets for cancer chemotherapy. Evidence is presented to indicate that antineoplaston is a potent inhibitory effector of tumour rRNA MCs and an effective antitumor agent.
Metastasis of murine Renca kidney cancer cells to the lungs of Balb/c mice is strongly suppressed by TLR9 or TLR7 agonists (2007)

3552 Tumor metastasis is a most severe aspect of tumor development in patients, largely because tumors are detected too late when metastasis already has occurred. Established tumor therapies mostly include cytotoxic drugs with rather narrow therapeutic windows. Hence, for the treatment in earlier tumor stages, where the suppression of metastasis spread might still be possible, the need is high for new therapies with good tolerability and safety. The activation of the immune system, and in particular, the activation of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling offers new promising approaches. Several immune-stimulatory TLR9 agonistic oligonucleotides containing a phosphorothioate backbone and CpG subsequences (CpG-ODN) are in advanced clinical trials. A clear clinical proof of concept (POC), though, was achieved so far solely with the imidazoquinoline imiquimod, which activates TLR7. Imiquimod is approved for topical application, where it has remarkable efficacy on superficial basal cell carcinomas. The POC for systemic application of TLR agonists in oncology is still pending, though. CpG-ODN such as H1826 or H2006 (Hartmann et al, 2000) can strongly suppress growth of established human xenograft tumors in nude mice (devoid of T-cells), upon repeated i.v. administration (Gekeler et al, 2006). Here we show remarkable efficacy of CpG-ODN (qdx4 i.v.) with doses as low as 1 mg/kg in suppression of metastasis of murine Renca kidney cancer cells to the lungs of immune competent Balb/c mice without any sign of intolerance. Classical cytotoxics such as 5-fluor-uracil (20 mg/kg, qdx4 i.v.) showed only moderate efficacy in this setting. Furthermore, CpG-ODN-5mC having C-5 methylated cytosine throughout the molecule were totally inactive in this model, providing evidence that the tumor suppressing activity is dependent on TLR9. Since expression of TLR7 on immune cells is similar to TLR9 expression we asked whether similar metastasis suppressing activity might be seen with TLR7 agonists of different chemical structures. The guanosine derivative isatoribine (7-thia-8-oxoguanosine) and an imiquimod derivative were tested in the same setting (qdx4 i.v.) with doses of up to 30 mg/kg. Remarkably, a virtually full suppression of development of lung metastases was observed with both molecules with good tolerability. In vitro assays using hPBMC (human peripheral blood mononuclear cell) fractions approved a specific cytokine response (e.g. IL6, IP10) which was induced by these molecules. Our work provides a convincing rational for clinical development of TLR9 or TLR7 agonists for suppression of cancer metastasis and points to the possibility of systemic application of such drugs.
Underestimation of Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography in Assessing Tumor Burden in Prostate Cancer Nodal Recurrence: Head-to-Head Comparison of 68 Ga-PSMA and 11 C-Choline in a Large, Multi-Institutional Series of Extended Salvage Lymph Node Dissections (2020)

Positron emission tomography/computerized tomography significantly underestimates the burden of prostate cancer recurrence, regardless of the tracer used. <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA was associated with a lower rate of underestimation in patients with a prostate specific antigen below 1.5 ng/ml and a limited nodal tumor load. In all other men there was no benefit from <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA over <sup>11</sup>C-choline in assessing the extent of nodal recurrence.
Synthesis of a quenchable high-pressure form of magnetite (h-Fe3O4) with composition Fe1(Fe2+0.75Mg0.26)Fe2(Fe3+0.70Cr0.15Al0.11Si0.04)2O4 (2014)

Author: Koch-Müller, M. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Finally published : 2014; Open Access; Keywords: Fe-oxide, h-Fe3O4, high-pressure, electron transmission microscopy, electron diffraction tomography, electron energy loss spectroscopy, electron microprobe analyses, crystal chemistry; Title: Synthesis of quenchable high-pressure form of magnetite (h-Fe3O4) with composition Fe1(Fe2+0.75Mg0.26)Fe2(Fe3+0.70Cr0.15Al0.11Si0.04)2O4