gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photometry and astrometry with anisoplanatic AO images (2004)

We present a new approach to address the anisoplanatism in very crowded regions. We studied photometric and astrometric measurements from adaptive optics (AO) observations of the Galactic Bulge, taken during ESO science verification runs in 2002. We compared H and K VLT/NACO observations of a crowded field with HST/NICMOS H-band data and NTT/SOFI K-band data for the same field. The AO image was affected by anisoplanatism, with the natural guide star just outside the 27.6” x 27.6” field of view in both the H and K bands. We wanted to address the question of the AO image photometric and astrometric precision, compared with analogous HST data taken as the “truth”, even in presence of anisoplanatism. We showed that a subdivision of the entire region in subfields in which the PSF is constant produces reliable photometry and astrometry. The average PSFs retried for each subfield in both the H and K bands differ due to anisoplanatism, to contamination from the NGS halo and to the frame selection. Even so, the photometric and the astrometric results show very little sensitivity to these PSF variations between the subfields.
On the formation of bromhexine impurity E and its chromatographic behaviour. (2012)

An unknown bromhexine hydrochloride (BRH) degradation product in BRH oral solutions (finished products) was potentially related to the purity of this API. Several degradation experiments were conducted and its identity and formation were investigated using LC-DAD and LC-DAD-MS/MS. Using the LC method described in the Ph.Eur monograph BRH the degradation product was observed at RRTBRH 0.1 and the specified impurities A-D were ruled out as candidates. Impurity E was initially not considered as a candidate as EDQM reported an expected RRTBRH of 1.8. Still, the LC-DAD-MS/MS results were consistent with the M+ ion for impurity E and its expected fragment ions. Therefore, standard addition was carried out using the Ph. Eur. method which confirmed that the degradation product at RRT 0.1 was impurity E. Upon changing the column type to a column described in the knowledge database, impurity E eluted at an RRT of 1.5. Nevertheless, both columns met all of the criteria in the monograph. The formation of impurity E was even observed in BRH solutions without added reagents. As the conversion from BRH to impurity E requires a source of carbon, we suggest that one BRH molecule degrades through a radical mechanism to a reactive species which subsequently is quenched by another BRH molecule producing impurity E. We suggest the transparency list for BRH to be more explicit on the formation of impurity E, its RRT and the permissible LC columns.
N,N-Di(prop-2-yn-1-yl)adamantan-1-amines in 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions with Azide-Containing Pharmacophores (2019)

A synthetic approach to combining pharmacophore ligands with an aminoadamantyl-containing spacer based on a copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N,N-di(prop-2-yne-1-yl)adamantan-1-amines and azido-containing carbazole, tetrahydrocarbazole, phenothiazine and adamantan-2-amine derivatives was proposed.
The effect of osmolarity on mouse parthenogenesis (1974)

ABSTRACT Eggs from (C57BI × A2G)F1 mice were activated by treatment with hyaluronidase, which removed the follicle cells, and cultured in vitro. Observations were made 6–8 h after hyaluronidase treatment to determine the frequency of activation and the types of parthenogenones induced. Cumulus-free eggs resulting from hyaluronidase treatment were incubated for in culture media of various osmolarities. The frequency of activation was found to be dependent on the postovulatory age of oocytes, while the types of parthenogenones induced were dependent on the osmolarity of the in vitro culture medium and their postovulatory age. Culture in low osmolar medium suppressed the extrusion of the second polar body (2PB). This decreased the incidence of haploid eggs with a single pronucleus and 2PB and immediately cleaved eggs from 97·5% to 42·3 % of the activated population. Where 2PB extrusion had been suppressed, 97·4 % of parthenogenones contained two haploid pronuclei. Very few were observed with a single and presumably diploid pronucleus. Serial observations from 11 to 18 h after hyaluronidase treatment were made on populations of activated eggs as they entered the first cleavage mitosis after incubation in medium either of normal (0·287 osmol) or low (0·168 osmol) osmolarity. A delay in the time of entry into the first cleavage mitosis similar to the duration of incubation in low osmolar medium was observed. Further, eggs were incubated in control and low osmolar culture media containing uniformly labelled [U−14C]amino acid mixture to examine the extent of protein synthesis in recently activated eggs subjected to these culture conditions. An hypothesis is presented to explain the effect of incubation in low osmolar culture medium in delaying the first cleavage mitosis.
Group Theory and Stereoisomerism of Five‐Coordinate Complexes (1971)

SCOPUS: ar.j
A New Method for Solving the Implicit Reservoir Simulation Matrix Equation (2005)

Summary The dominant computational cost associated with implicit reservoir simulation arises in solving the matrix equation at each Newton iteration. This paper describes a new solution method based on a reduced matrix equation constructed using singular value decomposition. The reduced matrix equation is used as the basis of a preconditioner. The resulting preconditioned iteration generally converges in two to four iterations. The new solver can reduce solve times substantially.
Surface Raman scattering of self-assembled monolayers formed from 1-alkanethiols: behavior of films at gold and comparison to films at silver (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface Raman scattering of self-assembled monolayers formed from 1-alkanethiols: behavior of films at gold and comparison to films at silverMark A. Bryant and Jeanne E. PembertonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 22, 8284–8293Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00022a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00022a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2732Altmetric-Citations407LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thermal evolution of antiferromagnetic correlations and tetrahedral bond angles in superconductingFeTe1−xSex (2016)

It has recently been demonstrated that dynamical magnetic correlations measured by neutron scattering in iron chalcogenides can be described with models of short-range correlations characterized by particular choices of four-spin plaquettes, where the appropriate choice changes as the parent material is doped towards superconductivity. Here we apply such models to describe measured maps of magnetic scattering as a function of two-dimensional wave vectors obtained for optimally superconducting crystals of ${\mathrm{FeTe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Se}}_{x}$. We show that the characteristic antiferromagnetic wave vector evolves from that of the bicollinear structure found in underdoped chalcogenides (at high temperature) to that associated with the stripe structure of antiferromagnetic iron arsenides (at low temperature); these can both be described with the same local plaquette, but with different interplaquette correlations. While the magnitude of the low-energy magnetic spectral weight is substantial at all temperatures, it actually weakens somewhat at low temperature, where the charge carriers become more itinerant. The observed change in spin correlations is correlated with the dramatic drop in the electronic scattering rate and the growth of the bulk nematic response upon cooling. Finally, we also present powder neutron diffraction results for lattice parameters in ${\mathrm{FeTe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Se}}_{x}$ indicating that the tetrahedral bond angle tends to increase towards the ideal value upon cooling, in agreement with the increased screening of the crystal field by more itinerant electrons and the correspondingly smaller splitting of the Fe $3d$ orbitals.
Multiple Self-Aligned Iron Nanowires by a Dual Selective Chemical Vapor Deposition Process (2007)

We have demonstrated a self-aligned process to fabricate organized iron nanowires on a planarized surface with wire dimensions down to 50 nm. Polishing was used to expose an alternating silicon silicon dioxide edge and a dual selective metal deposition process produced the nanowires. The initial selective deposition produced a tungsten layer on the exposed polysilicon regions. The discovery that selective chemical vapor deposition of iron from Fe(CO)(5) precursor on dielectric surfaces over tungsten surfaces is the key factor that enables the self-alignment of the iron nanowires. Dimensions of the wires are determined by the thickness of the thermal oxide. (c) 2007 The Electrochemical Society.
Graded Coating Inspection Using Laser Generated Surface Acoustic Waves (2004)

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) have spatial variations in composition and structure resulting in corresponding changes in material properties. In this work, a model for the laser generation of ultrasound in FGMs is used to explore the dependence of the generated acoustic waves on the compositional profile, and to evaluate the feasibility of using laser generated surface acoustic waves (SAWs) to determine the depth dependent properties of graded coating materials. The materials studied are coatings which exhibit elastic property gradations from the coating surface to the interface with the substrate. The graded coatings are modeled as multilayer systems and the number of layers required to achieve a desired level of convergence of the model over a given frequency range is determined. For an assumed compositional profile, the elastic properties of the respective layers are calculated using a modified rule of mixtures formulation. Numerical results showing the sensitivity of SAW dispersion behavior to various compositional profiles are presented. In addition, an inversion algorithm is developed to extract position dependent elastic properties from measured SAW dispersion behavior and preliminary results are obtained using simulated experimental data.
Vulnerability Reduction Features for Commercial Derivative Combat Aircraft (2006)

*† ‡ High Value Airborne Assets (HVAAs), developed from commercial derivative aircraft, are designed to perform critical functions as part of U. S. battle forces but lack vulnerability reduction features that could significantly improve their survivability. While Services depend on threat range, supporting defensive aircraft and electronic countermeasures to defend these aircraft, some basic vulnerability reduction features could greatly enhance their survivability. This paper provides an argument for incorporating vulnerability reduction into HVAA designs and describes technologies that can be practically implemented. Data from the Multi-mission Maritime Aircraft (MMA) Program is provided to support this concept.
Control of NK cell functions by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (2006)

Regulatory T cells (Treg) are key players in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance. As a result of suppressive effects on CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells, Treg control the adaptive immune system and prevent autoimmunity. In addition, they inhibit B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and monocytes/macrophages. It is interesting that several recent papers show that CD4+CD25+ Treg are also able to inhibit NK cells. Thus, Treg exert their control on immune responses from the onset (triggering of innate immune cells) to the effector phase of adaptive immunity (B and T cell-mediated responses). That Treg inhibit NK cells suggests that their uncontrolled activation might break self-tolerance and induce "innate" autoimmune pathology. Conversely, Treg-mediated suppression of NK cell functions might have negative effects, as these cells are important in defense against infections and cancer. It is conceivable that Treg might dampen efficient activation of NK cells in these diseases.
NMR Study on the Reorientational Relaxation in Supercritical Alcohols (2004)

The single-molecular reorientational relaxation of supercritical deuterated methanol and ethanol is studied by the 2H nuclear magnetic resonance spin−lattice relaxation measurement, and the results are compared with the corresponding study on supercritical water (Matubayasi, N.; Nakao, N.; Nakahara, M. J. Chem. Phys. 2001, 114, 4107). The relaxation times of the OD deuterons of both alcohols show significant increase when they are transferred from liquid to supercritical phases. The reorientational relaxation of the OD vector is thus largely enhanced in the supercritical phase, as is the case of water. The relative increase in the reorientational relaxation rates of alcohols with density is larger than that of water. It indicates that the reorientational motion of supercritical alcohols is more diffusive than that of water. The molecular dynamics simulation of the supercritical methanol is also performed, and the results are consistent with experimental ones. The reorientational relaxation of two deuterated solute molecules, benzene (C6D6) and pyrazine (C4D4N2), is studied in supercritical methanol in addition to the neat fluid. The density dependence of the 2H spin−lattice relaxation rates of methanol, benzene, and pyrazine in supercritical methanol show a minimum. The density of the minimum relaxation rate decreases with increasing solute−solvent interaction, which can be explained in terms of the angular-momentum relaxation time.
Underwater Bonding with Polymer Mimics of Mussel Adhesive Proteins (2016)

When it comes to underwater adhesion, shellfish are the true experts. Mussels, barnacles, and oysters attach to rocks with apparent ease. Yet our man-made glues often fail miserably when trying to stick in wet environments. Results described herein focus on poly[(3,4-dihydroxystyrene)-co-styrene], a polymer mimic of mussel adhesive proteins. Underwater bonding was examined as a function of several parameters including polymer molecular weight and composition. In doing so, several surprising results emerged. Poly[(3,4-dihydroxystyrene)-co-styrene] may be the strongest underwater adhesive found to date. Bonding even exceeded that of the reference biological system, live mussels. Adhesion was also found to be stronger under salt water versus deionized water. Such unexpected findings may contradict earlier proposals in which charged amino acids were thought to be key for mussel adhesive function. Taken together, these discoveries are helping us to both understand biological adhesion as well as develop new materials with properties not accessed previously.
The implanted zener diode (IZD) as an input protection device for MOS integrated circuits (1981)

Phosphorus implantation, performed prior to the major standard process steps in p-channel technology, is used for a well controllable reduction of the breakdown voltage of planar diodes down to values which makes them suited as protection devices. In these devices the walk-out of the breakdown voltage, which is characteristic for the field-plated types of protective devices is almost completely eliminated. The dynamic resistance of the implanted diodes can be considerably reduced by providing a second p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> diffusion which gives rise to parasitic bipolar transistor operation during breakdown. The dynamic resistance is found to be linearly dependent on the width of the space charge layer which is ascribed to microplasma phenomena occuring during breakdown. The overvoltages against which the new devices can offer protection when used in a distributed resistance configuration of 200-µm width, are shown to be in the 10-60-kV range.
Chronic Lung Disease of Early Infancy: Role of Neutrophils (1999)

Despite the introduction of surfactant therapy and improved methods of ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), or chronic lung disease (CLD) of prematurity, continues to be a significant problem for preterm infants recovering from hyaline membrane disease (HMD), or acute lung injury of prematurity. In this chapter, we review the mechanisms by which neutrophils are recruited to the lung and mediate tissue injury, and the clinical and experimental evidence that neutrophils contribute to the progression of HMD to chronic lung disease. Several lines of evidence support a role for neutrophil-mediated injury early in the development of BPD. Determining the mechanism(s) by which neutrophils are recruited to the lung and exacerbate acute lung injury in the ventilated newborn could lead to the development of therapeutic interventions that attenuate the neutrophil-mediated damage that contributes to BPD.
Design Calculations for a Neutron Collimator for the TFTR (1977)

Some of the design calculations for a collimator for TFTR application are presented and discussed. Discrete ordinates transport calculations have been completed for several right circular cylindrical stainless steel collimators using a 14-MeV neutron, isotropic, 30-cm radius disc source to approximate a plasma volume source. The collimators considered in these survey calculations consisted of 3-cm diameter columns centrally located in 60-cm diameter stainless steel cylinders that varied in length from 30 to 180 cm. The source-collimator-detector configurations consisted of the uniform disc source located 60 cm from the entrance of each collimator and a 6-cm diameter 6-cm long right circular cylinder detector located at various distances from the exit of each collimator. The configurations were analyzed with the first collision source code GRTUNCL and the two-dimensional discrete ordinates code DOT III using an S/sub 4/ angular quadrature. (MHR)
Utilization of Textural Features in Video Retrieval System by Hand-writing Sketch (2012)

In this paper we propose a video retrieval system using texture features from a hand-drawn sketch. There is currently a lot of video content on the Internet due in part to the development of video-sharing Web sites, and sometimes users are unable to narrow the options down to the desired video because there is simply too much content to choose from. We should be able to solve this problem with a retrieval technique that uses internal movie features. Previously, our laboratory proposed a video retrieval system using three internal movie features and a sketch query. In the current study, our aim is to improve the retrieval precision by adding a new feature derived from texture.
From convolutional neural networks to models of higher‐level cognition (and back again) (2021)

The remarkable successes of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in modern computer vision are by now well known, and they are increasingly being explored as computational models of the human visual system. In this paper, we ask whether CNNs might also provide a basis for modeling higher-level cognition, focusing on the core phenomena of similarity and categorization. The most important advance comes from the ability of CNNs to learn high-dimensional representations of complex naturalistic images, substantially extending the scope of traditional cognitive models that were previously only evaluated with simple artificial stimuli. In all cases, the most successful combinations arise when CNN representations are used with cognitive models that have the capacity to transform them to better fit human behavior. One consequence of these insights is a toolkit for the integration of cognitively motivated constraints back into CNN training paradigms in computer vision and machine learning, and we review cases where this leads to improved performance. A second consequence is a roadmap for how CNNs and cognitive models can be more fully integrated in the future, allowing for flexible end-to-end algorithms that can learn representations from data while still retaining the structured behavior characteristic of human cognition.
Chitosan potentiates the antimicrobial action of sodium benzoate on spoilage yeasts (2002)

These results suggest that the natural compound chitosan may be useful as an adjunct in the potentiation of the biocidal efficacy of antimicrobial compounds such as benzoates.
Crop-based Biofuel Production with Acreage Competition and Uncertainty (2011)

ABSTRACT. This paper examines the role of un-certain crude oil prices, uncertain crop yields, and competition for acreage on corn, soybean, and switchgrass prices under biofuel production man-dates. We find enforcement of the cellulosic mandate is costly in that it raises equilibrium prices of all three crops through competition for acreage. However, crude oil prices largely determine industry profitabil-ity even in the face of high crop prices. Further we find that uncertainty in crude oil prices and crop yields causes higher corn, soybean, and switchgrass prices compared to a baseline with no uncertainty. (JEL Q21, Q42)
A Proactive ISDN Implementation Strategy (1986)

The ISDN promises to deliver a Wide variety of new services by providing end-to-end digital connectivity over public facilities. However, most administrations have decided upon implementation strategies which are based on pure speculation rather than a response to pent-up demand. This approach is expensive and could lead to disillusionment with the entire concept. This paper presents an ISDN implementation strategy which is based on sound economics and avoids speculation. With this approach, a rapid evolution to a ubiquitous ISDN is foreseen.
Estimate of process outputs from multiple secondary measurements (1989)

Temperature and flow measurements are used to estimate the product compositions in a distillation column. The problem is characterized by strong colinearity (correlation) between the temperature measurements. Contrary to some claims in the literature, it is found using a Kalman-Bucy Filter that the goodness of the estimate, even when used for feedback control, is improved by adding temperature measurements. This does not apply to Brosilows inferential estimator which in its original form is very sensitive to colinearity in the measurements. It is important to use only those directions in the measurement space which are excited by the independent variable (inputs and disturbances). The Partial Least Square Regression (PLS) method used in statistics adresses this explicitly. In the paper we use the PLS method to gain insight into the directions of the temperature space.