gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Suppresses Apoptosis of Mammary Epithelial Cells through ITAM-Mediated Signaling (2012)

Many receptors in hematopoietic cells use a common signaling pathway that relies on a highly conserved immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM), which signals through Src family tyrosine kinases. ITAM-bearing proteins are also found in many oncogenic viruses, including the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) envelope (Env). We previously showed that MMTV Env expression transformed normal mammary epithelial cells and that Src kinases were important mediators in this transformation. To study how ITAM signaling affects mammary cell transformation, we utilized mammary cell lines expressing two different ITAM-containing proteins, one encoding a MMTV provirus and the other a B cell receptor fusion protein. ITAM-expressing cells were resistant to both serum starvation- and chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis, whereas cells transduced with these molecules bearing ITAM mutations were indistinguishable from untransduced cells in their sensitivity to these treatments. We also found that Src kinase was activated in the MMTV-expressing cells and that MMTV-induced apoptosis resistance was completely restored by the Src inhibitor PP2. In vivo, MMTV infection delayed involution-induced apoptosis in the mouse mammary gland. Our results show that MMTV suppresses apoptosis through ITAM-mediated Src tyrosine kinase signaling. These studies could lead to the development of effective treatment of nonhematopoietic cell cancers in which ITAM-mediated signaling plays a role.
Uniform-Distributed Noise Generator Based on a Chaotic Circuit (2006)

In this paper, the guidelines to design a true random number generator (TRNG) circuit of uniform distributed numbers. The approach is proposed for a TRNG based on a one-dimensional piecewise-linear chaotic map and it is suitable for the development of integrated TRNG circuits. In particular, the proposed design strategy is based on a feedback control procedure that allows to dynamically change the system parameters for the correction of the circuit "non-idealities" (e.g. the circuit offsets). The correction algorithm does not require a direct measurement of the system "non-idealities" or of the effective value of the map parameters, but only a dynamic estimation of these quantities based on the observation of the TRNG output. The design approach is validated by a hardware prototype implemented on a field programmable analog array (FPAA)
A new method for finishing minicavities. (1988)

Minicavities were prepared in 26 caries-free teeth. Cavity preparation and the finishing of the occlusal area and the gingival floor was done with diamond burs (diameter 1 mm, grain sizes 90 micron and 15 micron, respectively). For the finishing of the axial box margin and the proximo-cervical curved border, a new set was developed: It is composed of an EVA-system with the total amplitude reduced to 0.34 mm, and a highly flexible file (Cavishape, grain 15 micron). The shape of this file had to be modified in order to follow the proximo-cervical curvature. The efficiency of the new device was compared with the axial margin trimmer by means of scanning electron microscopy and a score system. The new device allowed a significantly better finishing of the proximo-cervical curvature and of the axial box margin.
Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization for the Synthesis of 8-Hydroxy-3- substituted Isocoumarins: Total Synthesis of Exserolide F (2017)

A highly regioselective gold(I)-catalyzed 6-endo-dig cyclization of 2,2-dimethyl-5-(alkynyl)-4H-benzo[d][1,3]dioxin-4-ones for the synthesis of 8-hydroxy-3-substituted isocoumarins is described. Key features of the reaction include the broad substrate scope, scalability, and tolerance for protecting groups. The synthetic utility of this novel method is demonstrated by the first total synthesis of exserolide F, an isocoumarin-containing polyol natural product.
Bind your phone number with caution (2013)

Due to the cost-efficient communicating manner and attractive user experience, messenger applications have dominated every smartphone in recent years. Nowadays, Address Book Matching, a new feature that helps people keep in touch with real world contacts, has been loaded in many popular messenger applications, which unfortunately as well brings severe privacy issues to users. In this paper, we propose a novel method to abuse such feature to automatically collect user profiles. This method can be applied to any application equipped with Address Book Matching independent of mobile platforms. We also build a prototype on Android to verify the effectiveness of our method. Moreover, we integrate profiles gathered from different messenger applications and provide insights by performing a consistency and authenticity analysis on user profile fields. As our experiments show, the abuse of Address Book Matching can cause severe user privacy leakage. Finally, we provide some countermeasures for developers to avoid this issue when designing messenger applications.
In vitro binding ability of mycotoxin binder in commercial broiler feed (2009)

In the present work an in vitro model was tested in evaluating an adsorbent to ameliorate the toxic effects of mycotoxins by quantifying free mycotoxins using thin layer chromatography analysis method. In vitro binding ability of a commercial binder (0.2%) on aflatoxin B1 (AF) (500 ppb), ochratoxin A (OA) (1 ppm) and T-2 toxin (T-2) (2 ppm), when present alone or in combination, was evaluated at pH 4.5 and 6.5 in the diets. Binder showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher binding ability for AF (94.71%), whereas those recorded for T-2 (74.28%) and OA (63.13%) were moderate. Binding of each toxin decreased as the number of toxins in feed increased. Among 4.5 and 6.5 pH, higher binding ability for this binder was significantly (p < 0.05) noticed at 6.5 pH of the medium.
Ranking Policy Decisions (2020)

Policies trained via Reinforcement Learning (RL) are often needlessly complex, making them difficult to analyse and interpret. In a run with $n$ time steps, a policy will make $n$ decisions on actions to take; we conjecture that only a small subset of these decisions delivers value over selecting a simple default action. Given a trained policy, we propose a novel black-box method based on statistical fault localisation that ranks the states of the environment according to the importance of decisions made in those states. We argue that among other things, the ranked list of states can help explain and understand the policy. As the ranking method is statistical, a direct evaluation of its quality is hard. As a proxy for quality, we use the ranking to create new, simpler policies from the original ones by pruning decisions identified as unimportant (that is, replacing them by default actions) and measuring the impact on performance. Our experiments on a diverse set of standard benchmarks demonstrate that pruned policies can perform on a level comparable to the original policies. Conversely, we show that naive approaches for ranking policy decisions, e.g., ranking based on the frequency of visiting a state, do not result in high-performing pruned policies.
Highly Efficient Colloidal Cobalt- and Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of H3N·BH3 in Air (2007)

The compound H3N.BH3 (1) is currently attracting considerable attention as a potential hydrogen storage material. Group 9 catalysts which rapidly and conveniently hydrolyze aqueous 1 in air are described. When treated with 1 mol % [{Rh(mu-Cl)(1,5-cod)}2] (cod=cyclooctadiene) in air, aqueous 1 undergoes rapid hydrolysis to afford the ionic species [NH4][BO2] in approximately 40 s. Higher catalyst loadings (3 mol %) result in a reduction in reaction time to 10 s. Quantification of the hydrogen evolved revealed that, on average, 2.8 of a maximum possible 3.0 equivalents (93%) were generated during the course of the reaction. Rh(0) species (e.g., Rh black, Rh stabilized on alumina, aqueous Rh colloids) were also found to be active hydrolysis catalysts, and evidence for a heterogeneous mechanism is provided. Significantly, although Ir(0) colloids are less active, aqueous Co(0) colloids are also effective catalysts for this process. This result is particularly important as Co, a first-row metal, is considerably more economical than the precious metal catalysts typically employed.
Fast symbolic evaluation of C/C++ preprocessing using conditional values (2003)

C/C++ code relying on preprocessing can be quite complex to analyze. This is often due to free preprocessing variables set at compile time. In general, preprocessing selectively compile parts of the source code based on the values of preprocessing variables which may be free. In this case, the relations between these parts can only be represented by conditional expressions using the free variables. Traditional symbolic evaluation can be used to infer these expressions, but its best case time complexity is exponential. We present a new approach for symbolic evaluation that can efficiently compute these conditions by binding variables to conditional values and avoiding the path feasibility analysis of traditional symbolic evaluation. It infers the exact conditional expressions for which the lines of code are compiled and the (conditional) values of preprocessing variables at each point of the source code. Our prototype shows the approach as practical and scaleable to large C/C++ software.
211 Development of Material Optimization Technology using Response Surface Method (2010)

Material searching technology using optimization technology has been developed. The present technology has two key features: (1) Kriging model is used as a response surface method in order to search the target material, (2) the Kriging model can be constructed by a fewer sampling points by developed sampling selection method. The effectiveness of the proposed technology was demonstrated by applying it to the searching material of electrode files. It was found that the technology reduced the material searching time by 70% compared with that for previous way.
Quantum computing with superconducting devices: A three-level SQUID qubit (2002)

A three-level scheme for implementing single-qubit operations in superconducting quantum interference devices is proposed and analyzed. We show that, compared with the conventional two-level scheme, the proposed three-level qubit scheme is much faster and has a much lower intrinsic error rate.
Neoplastic progression evidenced in the L929 cell system. II. In vitro growth properties and biochemical characteristics of cell variants with different malignant behavior. (1982)

Using a culture cell system, derived from a low-tumorigenic strain of L929 mouse fibroblasts, including cell variants with different malignant behavior in vivo, we have tried to dissociate a group of biological and biochemical transformation-associated properties with respect to the process of neoplastic progression. It is shown that morphologic changes, nonalignment in vitro, and growth in soft-agar are not sufficient alterations for in vivo malignant behavior and, also, not useful indicators for further neoplastic progression. The rate of hexose uptake should also be considered as unrelated to this process. The increase in tumorigenicity, but without the concomitant development of metastasis ability of the cells, was associated with the decrease of a 160k cell surface protein and the diminution of the tumor dose 50%. Finally, further alteration in morphology and the appearance of a 177k cell surface protein were associated with the development of metastasis ability, in an early stage; loss of fibronectin and the ability to grow as macrocolonies in increasing concentrations of deoxyglucose appeared as associated to more advanced stages of neoplastic progression. On the whole, the approach of taking the in vivo behavior, and not the in vitro properties, as end-point for the study of transformation is recommended on the basis of this and a previous paper.
A novel surface active polymer oil displacement agent (2012)

Based on the relationship between the molecule structure of monomers and their performance, two types of polymerizable monomers with low oil/water interfacial tension have been synthesized, which coplymerizes acrylamide to synthesize a novel polymer oil displacement agent under compound initiator and low polymeric temperature. Its structure and distribution status in brine solution were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and freeze etching electron microscope. The results show that the polymer has good water solubility, viscosifying properties, salt-resistance and temperature-tolerance, shearing-resistance in brines. Due to the graft polymerization of acrylamide and the polymerizable surface-active monomers, the polymer overcomes chromatographic separation effect, and has low oil/water interfacial tension. Interfacial tension of 0.15% polymer solution (prepared in Daqing simulation brine) is around 10−1 mN/m in Daqing No.1 oil plant crude oil. Core flooding experiments show that the oil recovery of the novel surface active polymer is 5.2% higher than that of ordinary hydrolyzed polyacrylamide because of its better viscosifying performance and lower oil/water interfacial tension.
Measurement and Characterization of Anti-shudder Properties in Wet Clutch Applications (2005)

Wet clutches operating under low velocity and continuous sliding are increasingly important in vehicle transmissions. This presents new challenges in improving anti-shudder properties of the clutch ...
Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells (2014)

The increasing number of treatment options for patients with metastatic carcinomas has created an accompanying need for methods to determine if the tumor will be responsive to the intended therapy and to monitor its effectiveness. Ideally, these methods would be noninvasive and provide quantitative real-time analysis of tumor activity in a variety of carcinomas. Assessment of circulating tumor cells shed into the blood during metastasis may satisfy this need. Here we review the CellSearch technology used for the detection of circulating tumor cells and discuss potential future directions for improvements.
Cost-Effectiveness of Preoperative Sestamibi Scan for Primary Hyperparathyroidism Is Dependent Solely upon the Surgeon’s Choice of Operative Procedure (1998)

A preoperative sestamibi scan is specific enough in identifying solitary adenomas to allow unilateral exploration with a < 1% failure rate. The sensitivity of this scan suggests that 78% of all patients with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (90% of the 87% with solitary adenomas) are candidates for unilateral exploration. This rate is significantly higher than the 51% rate at which scanning all patients becomes cost effective.
The Best of Times.…. (2008)

Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 34(2):p 77, March 2008. | DOI: 10.1097/01.icl.0000306534.17517.0a
Food Insecurity and T-cell Dysregulation in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy (2020)

Food insecurity may contribute to the persistent immune activation and senescence in women with HIV on antiretroviral therapy, independently of HIV control. Reducing food insecurity may be important for decreasing non-AIDS-related disease risk in this population.
Theoretical and experimental research on digital pneumatic on / off distributors (2021)

In the specialized literature there are numerous references to the static and dynamic characteristics of digital pneumatic on / off distributors controlled in pulse width modulation (PWM). The authors of this paper applied the technique of dynamic analysis based on the direct and inverse Laplace transform - a way never seen in the researched literature - obtaining important results on methods to increase the dynamic performance of pneumatic distributors on / off controlled in PWM. Moreover, using the LabVIEW programming environment, a program was developed for simulating the dynamics of the electromagnetic module related to the distributor, which allows easy choice of components through the simulation - similar with a real experiment. Moreover, using the LabVIEW programming environment, a program was developed for simulating the dynamics of the electromagnetic module related to the distributor, which allows easy choice of components through the simulation - similar with a real experiment.
A Comparison of Linearity and Efficiency in Conventional and Transverse TWT Amplifiers (2007)

Traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) based on the transverse interaction between an electron beam and a circularly polarized circuit wave were investigated starting in the 1960s. Small-signal theory based on a pencil beam suggested that these devices would have high efficiency and good linearity. Further analysis showed that the effect of a finite beam radius would limit these advantages. We present results from a short numerical study using a large signal code that compared the predicted performance of a conventional TWT with that of a transverse TWT of the same dc beam power. We find that the transverse TWT retains its advantages under large signal conditions
The Autosomal Dominant Hypophosphatemic Rickets R176Q Mutation in Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Resists Proteolytic Cleavage and Enhances in Vivo Biological Potency (2003)

Missense mutations in fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are the cause of autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR). The mutations (R176Q, R179W, and R179Q) replace Arg residues within a subtilisin-like proprotein convertase (SPC) cleavage site (RXXR motif), leading to protease resistance of FGF23. The goals of this study were to examine in vivo the biological potency of the R176Q mutant FGF23 form and to characterize alterations in homeostatic mechanisms that give rise to the phenotypic presentation of this disorder. For this, wild type and R176Q mutant FGF23 were overexpressed in the intact animals using a tumor-bearing nude mouse system. At comparable circulating levels, the mutant form was more potent in inducing hypophosphatemia, in decreasing circulating concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)), and in causing rickets and osteomalacia in these animals compared with wild type FGF23. Parameters of calcium homeostasis were also altered, leading to secondary hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid gland hyperplasia. However, the raised circulating levels of parathyroid hormone were ineffective in normalizing the reduced 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) levels by increasing renal expression of 25(OH)D(3)-1alpha-hydroxylase (Cyp40) to promote its synthesis and by decreasing that of 25(OH)D(3)-24-hydroxylase (Cyp24) to prevent its catabolism. The findings provide direct in vivo evidence that missense mutations from ADHR kindreds are gain-of-function mutations that retain and increase the protein's biological potency. Moreover, for the first time, they define a potential role for FGF23 in dissociating parathyroid hormone actions on mineral fluxes and on vitamin D metabolism at the level of the kidney.
Towards automatic real time preparation of on-line video proceedings for conference talks and presentations (2005)

How many times did you miss a conference talk on a parallel track and wish you had a second chance to see it? Or you just wanted to see a few talks from a conference you did not attend? Video proceedings, which contain videos of all the conference talks, would be of a great value in these cases and in many others. With recent progress in digital video, streaming technology, large storage, Internet and especially video indexing and retrieval technology, video proceedings finally become a reality. The key challenge is to create it in an efficient way and to provide the user with easy, intuitive and rapid access to the talks and the snippets of video that he is looking for. This paper describes an application that allows a nearly automatic real time creation of video proceedings. All the talks are captured in video, and are automatically indexed by speech recognition and video analysis tools. The abstracts and speaker's biography are extracted from the text proceedings and are converted to web pages. Free text search in speech and efficient multi-view video browsing are combined with a table of contents to compose fully searchable and browsable video proceedings. The paper covers different aspects of the problem, an overview of the CueVideo system and examples from two conferences that we have processed using this system.
An Automated Algorithm to Quantify Collagen Distribution in Aortic Wall (2018)

Arterial diseases including abdominal aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis are biomechanical diseases characterized by significant changes in the structure and strength of the vessel wall. It is now established that local variations in fibrillar collagen and elastin matrix turnover is critical to arterial stiffening and progression of the disease. The collagen content in the aortic wall has nominally been quantified by biochemical assays and immunohistochemical analysis as the total amount because of the difficulty in separating the media and adventitia. In this work, we have developed an algorithm for automatic quantification of layer-specific collagen content from bright-field and polarized microscopic images of histological sections of mouse aorta stained with Picrosirius red (PSR) stain. The images were processed sequentially including separation of layers, erosion, segregation of regions, binarization, and quantification of pixel intensities to obtain collagen content in the media and adventitia separately. We observed that the automated algorithm rapidly and accurately quantified collagen content from a wide range of image quality compared with manual measurements particularly when the medial and adventitial layers overlap. Together, our algorithm will be of significant impact in the rapid, reliable, and accurate analyses of collagen distribution in histological sections of connective tissues.
Coupled effect of loading frequency and amplitude on the fatigue behavior of advanced sheet molding compound (A-SMC) (2016)

This paper presents the experimental results of tension-tension stress-controlled fatigue tests performed on advanced sheet molding compound (A-SMC). It aims at analyzing the effect of fiber orientation, loading amplitude, and frequency on the fatigue response and the related temperature evolution due to the self-heating phenomenon. Two types of A-SMC have been analyzed: randomly oriented (RO) and highly oriented (HO). The coupled effect of the loading amplitude and the frequency has been studied. It has been shown that the couple frequency-amplitude affects the nature of the fatigue overall response which can be governed by the damage mechanisms accumulation (mechanical fatigue) and/or by the self-heating (induced thermal fatigue). For fatigue loading at 100 Hz, self-heating has been observed and yielded to a temperature rise up to 70℃. The latter causes a decrease of the storage modulus related to the β-transition of the vinylester. It has been demonstrated that the self-heating produced a material softening and decreased the fatigue life. SEM observations revealed that the samples tested at 100 Hz, exhibit smooth debonding surfaces due to the induced thermal softening of the matrix whereas more brittle fracture of the matrix surrounding fibers is observed during the fatigue tests achieved at 10 Hz.
Endoscopic Repair of Rotator Cuff Tears (1999)

Arthroscopic reconstruction of rotator cuff tears is not a widespread technique (Gartsmann [1, 2], Liu [3], Tauro [4], Warner [5]) and the validity of anatomical results has been little investigated, while the incidence of recurrent tears after conventional cuff surgery has now been established (Calvert [6], Gazielly [7, 8], Harryman [9], Thomazeau [10]).