gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diffusion-weighted Imaging Reversibility In Stroke After Successful Mechanical Recanalization. Case report (2020)

Increased use of Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in acute stroke has led to observations of early diffusion normalization in lesions thatinitially show diffusion slowing. The “renormalization” of DWI may be spontaneous or the result of thrombolytic therapy, thus, acuteslowing of diffusion is not necessarily an indicator of irreversible tissue damage. The perfusion-diffusion mismatch concept is attractiveas it assumes that DWI lesion size reflects the infarct core whilst the mismatch area reflects the penumbra. However, this concept maybe an oversimplification. This paper shows a case with Diffusion Lesion Reversal after successful neuroendovascular treatment andexcellent clinical outcome, and discuss the imaging characteristics associated with this phenomenon.
Smooth muscle model for functional electrical stimulation applications : Simulation of realistic bladder behavior under FES (2008)

In this paper, we present a smooth muscle model which enables simulation of functional electrical stimulation (FES) induced contraction. The major novelty of this new version of our model is that it includes muscle cell calcium dynamics. We establish the relationship between calcium concentration and electrical potential of the membrane cell. Calcium concentration drives the microscopic mechanics of the muscle inducing contraction. We also refined the mechanical model: smooth muscles have slower dynamics than striated ones, it is therefore possible to neglect the second order terms in the differential equations. Validation of the model is achieved through the simulation of a well known example: the bladder electrical stimulation with a Finetech / Brindley implant. The obtained results are compared qualitatively with the experimental data available in the literature and show good consistency both in shape and time course. In order to obtain quantitative simulations, we need to perform the identification of the model through in-vivo testing on animals. Once this validation step is done, it will be possible to apply our methodology to human bladder neural stimulation.
Bubble evolution in acoustic droplet vaporization. (2010)

We present an overview of our recent theoretical and computational work on acoustic droplet vaporization within a confined tube and compare to our experimental data. This work is motivated by a developmental gas embolotherapy technique that involves injecting superheated transvascular liquid droplets and subsequently vaporizing the droplets with ultrasound to selectively form vascular microbubbles. The theoretical model describes the rapid phase transition from a superheated dodecafluoropentane (DDFP) droplet to the vapor phase via nucleation within the DDFP droplet. The theoretical results are compared to results from our computational models and high-speed camera experiments, and close agreement between the experimental bubble evolution and the prediction of the model is noted. Even though we consider bubbles that are small compared to the tube diameter, it is demonstrated that the tube affects the bubble evolution and resulting flow fields. [This work is supported by NIH Grant R01EB006476.]
A New Look at the Purported Health Benefits of Commercial and Natural Clays (2021)

Clays attributed to have medicinal properties have been used since prehistoric times and are still used today as complementary medicines, which has given rise to unregulated "bioceutical" clays to treat skin conditions. Recently, clays with antibacterial characteristics have been proposed as alternatives to antibiotics, potentially overcoming modern day antibiotic resistance. Clays with suggested antibacterial properties were examined to establish their effects on common wound-infecting bacteria. Geochemical, microscopical, and toxicological characterization of clay particulates, their suspensions and filtered leachates was performed on THP-1 and HaCaT cell lines. Cytoskeletal toxicity, cell proliferation/viability (MTT assays), and migration (scratch wounds) were further evaluated. Clays were assayed for antibacterial efficacy using minimum inhibitory concentration assays. All clays possessed a mineral content with antibacterial potential; however, clay leachates contained insufficient ions to have any antibacterial effects. All clay leachates displayed toxicity towards THP-1 monocytes, while clay suspensions showed less toxicity, suggesting immunogenicity. Reduced clay cytotoxicity on HaCaTs was shown, as many leachates stimulated wound-healing responses. The "Green" clay exhibited antibacterial effects and only in suspension, which was lost upon neutralization. pH and its interaction with clay particle surface charge is more significant than previously understood to emphasize dangers of unregulated marketing and unsubstantiated bioceutical claims.
Variational Calculation of the Excited States in the Sing-Gordon and Sine-Gordon Field Theories (1993)

The one- and two-particle states in the sinh-Gordon and sine-Gordon models in (1+1) dimensions are investigated by using the gaussian wave-functional approach. We find that (i) the renormalized mass parameter is just the variational one-particle mass, and (ii) there are no two-particle bound states in the sinh-Gordon model, but in the sine-Gordon model, there exist two-particle bound states.
Analysis of laminar forced-convection heat transfer in entrance region of flat rectangular ducts (1955)

From Introduction: "Beyond the position where the boundary layer treatment can no longer be used, curves have been faired to connect the Nusselt number results of the present analysis with those of reference 3, in which a parabolic velocity profile is assumed throughout the entire duct length. So that a comparison could be made with the results of reference 3, the boundary layer analysis was used to study the development of the temperature profile associated with a parabolic velocity profile throughout."
Interactionism, Evolution, & the Initial Alteration (2020)

Unlike many other articles in philosophy of the mind, this is not an article which aims to prove or even give evidence for an ontological position regarding the mind.  This article assumes a position regarding the mind and then draws implications from it. This article aims to show that if we assume two things as given, that of an interactionist view point and the theory of evolution by mutation and natural selection, it follows that there is a particular moment in time I label the initial alteration .  The initial alteration is the original instance of the change in behavior of matter in the brain of some organism in our evolutionary history.  I will show that this moment in time is of great interest and opens the possibility of moving the mind-body problem towards experimentation.  I list several possibilities surrounding this moment, though I will not explore them all in detail.
Tunable fiber Bragg grating combined with twisting microactuator (2002)

In this study, a tunable fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is test-developed by combining the FBG with the twisting microactuator. The electro-magnetic type actuator is used for tuning the Bragg wavelength.
Modelling of heat exchangers based on thermochemical material for solar heat storage systems (2014)

International audience
Interleukin‐17 is a potential player and treatment target in severe chronic spontaneous urticaria (2020)

These findings suggest that IL-17 is involved in the pathogenesis of CSU and that IL-17 should be investigated as a therapeutic target in future studies with larger numbers of patients.
Marked Antitumor Activity Produced by Rituximab Plus Thalidomide in Mantle Cell Lymphoma (2003)

This special supplement to Oncology News International includes updated results of studies with anti-CD20 therapy and other targeted therapies in the treatment of lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. The results were presented at the American Society of Hematology 44th Annual Meeting in Philadelphia, December 6 to 10, 2002.
Present status of PIT round wires of 122-type iron-based superconductors (2017)

Outstanding characteristics with high Tc and Hc2 and small anisotropy in iron-based superconductors (IBSs) have triggered the development of superconducting wires and tapes using these novel superconductors. In this short article, developments and present status of round wires of 122-type IBSs are reviewed. By introducing hot-isostatic pressing (HIP) technique, Jc in round wires of 122-type IBSs has been improved significantly. Further improvements have been realized by refining the fabrication process of the core material and introducing partial texturing of the wire core. The largest transport Jc for round wires at 4.2 K at self-field and 100 kOe are 2.0x105 A/cm2 and 3.8x104 A/cm2, respectively. We also compare the Jc characteristics of wires and tapes processed by HIP.
Numerical Geology: Predicting Depositional and Diagenetic Facies From Wireline Logs Using Core Data (1994)

ABSTRACT To exploit a reservoir, the geological model must accurately define the depositional environment and the effects of diagenesis on the pore network. Current methods for establishing the geological model of a field usually require subjective, qualitative interpretation of geological and petrophysical data. A method -Numerical Geology - has been developed that greatly reduces the subjectivity in geological modelling efforts. This method also allows geological attributes to be quantified and predicted. Numerical Geology involves the integration of petrophysical, petrological and geological data with wireline log responses. The geology of "Hydraulic or Flow Units" intervals with similar hydraulic characteristics is described using conventional sedimentology, petrography and core analysis data. These data are translated into a matrix of geological indices classified according to hydraulic unit profile of the section. Hydraulic units are then predicted for uncored sections based on their unique log signatures that are obtained from cored sections. By combining predicted hydraulic units profile with the matrix of geological indices for eachflow unit, profiles of geological attributes are derived. The prediction reliability of hydraulic units is calculated based on the uniqueness of log signatures for each flow unit. Therefore, the confidence level for geological predictions can be assigned to estimated profiles of geological attributes. This eliminates much of the subjectivity from future geological interpretations and predictions.
A Novel Approach to Mitigation of Radar Beam Weighting Effect on Coherent Radar Imaging Using VHF Atmospheric Radar (2011)

Multiple-receiver coherent radar imaging using very high frequency atmospheric radars is capable of imaging angular power distribution (termed brightness distribution) of the backscattered radar echoes with some inversion algorithms such as Capon's method. The brightness distribution, however, is weighted by the radar beam weighting pattern. Modification of the brightness distribution with a simulated radar beam weighting pattern usually incurs spurious peaks around the edge of the distribution map. In view of this, an approach to mitigation of the radar beam weighting effect on brightness distribution is proposed, thereby giving more reliable estimates of echo center and brightness width. The proposed approach employs several pairs of symmetrically tilted radar beams to determine an effective weighting pattern of the radar beam that is adaptive to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the data, as well as the transmitting-receiving array configuration. Four radar experiments were carried out with the Middle and Upper atmosphere radar in Japan (34.85°N , 136.11°E) to demonstrate the proposed approach. One of the experiments was exhibited in more detail, and it showed the following: 1) Approximately 14% of the single-center cases turned into double-center situations; 2) the zenith angles of the corrected echo centers were larger than the original ones by ~0.75° on average; and 3) the brightness widths could be larger than the original ones by several degrees, depending on the SNR of the data. Based on these investigations, suitable corrections of the echo center and brightness width are expected to result in different estimates of some atmospheric parameters like scatterer anisotropy and tilt angle of the layer structure.
Short-Term Load Forecasting Based on Elastic Net Improved GMDH and Difference Degree Weighting Optimization (2018)

As objects of load prediction are becoming increasingly diversified and complicated, it is extremely important to improve the accuracy of load forecasting under complex systems. When using the group method of data handling (GMDH), it is easy for the load forecasting to suffer from overfitting and be unable to deal with multicollinearity under complex systems. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a GMDH algorithm based on elastic net regression, that is, group method of data handling based on elastic net (EN-GMDH), as a short-term load forecasting model. The algorithm uses an elastic net to compress and punish the coefficients of the Kolmogorov–Gabor (K–G) polynomial and select variables. Meanwhile, based on the difference degree of historical data, this paper carries out variable weight processing on the input data of load forecasting, so as to solve the impact brought by the abrupt change of load law. Ten characteristic variables, including meteorological factors, meteorological accumulation factors, and holiday factors, are taken as input variables. Then, EN-GMDH is used to establish the relationship between the characteristic variables and the load, and a short-term load forecasting model is established. The results demonstrate that, compared with other algorithms, the evaluation index of EN-GMDH is significantly better than that of the rest algorithm models in short-term load forecasting, and the accuracy of prediction is obviously improved.
A Comparison of Enzymatic and Lime Treatments for Extraction of Alcohol Soluble Solids from Citrus Peel (1985)

ABSTRACT Digestion of citrus wastes by pectolytic and cellulolytic enzymes was compared to the currently employed lime method of solubilizing solids from citrus peel. Maximal soluble solids removed from the pressed peel occurred after 6 hr incubation at 45°C with a pectinase concentration of 1.0 PGu/g peel mixture. Decreasing the particle size of the peel caused a 4 ‐ 10% increase in solids removal after enzyme treatment. Addition of cellulase enzyme (20 CEu/g peel mixture) to pectinase enzyme (1.0 PGu/g peel mixture) removed an additional 15% soluble solids from peel. Glucose, fructose, arabinose, and xylose were the major sugars extracted from enzymetreated peel, while sucrose was the major sugar in lime‐treated peel samples. Organic acids (citric, malic, and quinic) were present at higher concentrations in lime‐treated peel extracts than in enzymetreated peel extracts.
Designing and optimizing a back propagation neural network to model a thin-layer drying process (2011)

A b s t r a c t. In the present study, the application of a back propagation) neural network for the prediction of moisture content of barberry fruit (berberis vulgaris) during drying was investigated. The important parameters, namely, pretreatment (no pretreatment, heat shocking, olive oil + K2CO3), air drying temperature (60, 70 and 80°C), air drying velocity (0.3, 0.5 and 1 m s -1 ) and time (s) were considered as the input parameters, and moisture content as the output of the artificial neural network. Experimental data obtained from a thin-layer drying process were used for training and testing the network. Several criteria such as training algorithm, learning rate, momentum coefficient, number of hidden layers, number of neurons in each hidden layer, and activation function were given to improve the performance of the artificial neural network. The best training algorithm was Levenberg-Marquard with the least mean square error value. Optimum values of learning rate and momentum for the artificial neural network with gradient descent momentum training algorithm were set at 0.5 and 0.7, respectively. The optimal topologies were 4-20-1 and 4-25-5-1 with mean square error values of 0.00318 and 0.001 with logsig activation functions. Also, with tansig activation function, the optimal topologies were 4-20-1 and 4-15-15-1 with the mean square error values of 0.00293 and 0.00130. There was no significant difference between the two activation functions in optimal topologies. There was good correlation between the predicted and experimental values in optimal models. K e y w o r d s: thin-layer, artificial neural network, moisture content, training algorithm
Synergism between chemotherapy and alternating electric fields in the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in-vitro (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

2276 

Currently the mainstay of cancer therapy is based on combinations of several chemotherapeutic protocols with the aim to increase efficacy while maintaining tolerable toxicity. The present study explores the in-vitro efficacy of combining chemotherapeutic treatment together with a new, non-toxic, anticancer modality (Kirson et al, Cancer Research, 2004;64:3288-3295); termed Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields). TTFields are specially tuned, low intensity, intermediate frequency alternating electric fields. TTFields, when generated by insulated external electrodes, have been shown to effectively inhibit cancer cell proliferation in tissue culture, animal tumor models and patients with brain tumors (glioblastoma multiforme) as well as skin metastases from breast carcinoma.

The inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, in human breast carcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231) in culture, was studied by applying TTFields of different intensities alone and in combination with different concentrations of the following chemotherapeutic agents: paclitaxel, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. The effects of chemo-TTField combinations were compared to the effect of each treatment modality alone. Similarly, the inhibitory efficacy of the TTFields - paclitaxel combinations was evaluated in human non-small cell lung cancer cells (H1299). Analysis of the results was performed by calculating Combination Index values, as derived from the median effect plots and by isobologram analysis.

It was found that the exposure of breast carcinoma and non-small cell lung carcinoma cell cultures to TTFields and paclitaxel, together, had the same inhibitory efficacy as exposure to paclitaxel alone at a concentration two orders of magnitude higher. Qualitatively similar results were obtained for cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin as well. Analysis of these results indicates that, depending on the field intensity and drug concentration, the efficacy of TTField-chemotherapy combinations varies between simple additivity for doxorubicin to overt synergism for cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel. We conclude that, since TTFields are not expected to contribute to systemic toxicity, treatment of cancer with TTFields - Chemotherapy combinations can cause significant potentiation of the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, while maintaining relatively low toxicity.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Reactions Catalyzed by Chiral Metal Complexes. Part 39. Preparation of Newly Modified DIOP Bearing Bis(4‐dimethylamino‐3,5‐ dimethylphenyl)phosphino Groups and Its Application to Efficient Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Itaconic Acid Derivatives. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Degradation in magnetoresistive sensors by short pulse zapping (2004)

In this paper, we discuss about the degradation in magnetoresistive properties by short pulse zapping has been investigated for both spin valve (SV) and tunnelling giant magnetoresistive (GMR) heads of about 80 Gb/spl bsol/in/sup 2/ areal density. Simulated ESD transients with pulse from 0.1 nsec to 10 nsec were applied to both spin valve and tunneling GMR devices, and GMR properties of the devices were measure.
Persistence of aStaphylococcus aureussmall-colony variant under antibiotic pressure in vivo (2004)

Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants (SCVs) have been implicated in chronic and persistent infections. Bovine mastitis induced by S. aureus is an example of an infection difficult to eradicate by conventional antimicrobial therapies. In this study, the ability to colonize mouse mammary glands and persist under antibiotic treatment was assessed for S. aureus Newbould and an isogenic hemB mutant, which exhibited the classical SCV phenotype. The hemB mutant showed a markedly reduced capacity to colonize tissues. However, although the hemB mutant was as susceptible as S. aureus Newbould to cephapirin in vitro, it was over a 100 times more persistent than the parental strain in the mammary glands when 1 or 2 mg kg(-1) doses were administrated. These results suggest that, although the hemB mutant has a reduced ability to colonize mammary glands, the SCV phenotype may account for the persistence of S. aureus under antibiotic pressure in vivo.
Adsorption on Carbon Nanotubes: Quantum Spin Tubes, Magnetization Plateaus, and Conformal Symmetry (2000)

We formulate the problem of adsorption onto the surface of a carbon nanotube as a lattice gas on a triangular lattice wrapped around a cylinder. This model is equivalent to an XXZ Heisenberg quantum spin tube. We find density plateau structures for armchair, zigzag, and chiral nanotubes. The zigzags are special and have extensive zero temperature entropy plateaus in the classical limit. Quantum effects lift the degeneracy, leaving gapless excitations described by a c = 1 conformal field theory with compactification radius quantized by the tube circumference.
T cell development in normal and thymopentin-treated nude mice. (1982)

The extent and diversity of T cell differentiation in nude athymic mice are matters of dispute. In this study, we examined the splenic T cell population of pathogen-free and germ-free nu/nu mice, treated or not treated with the pentapeptide analogue of thymopoietin (TP-5), in terms of TL, Qa-1, and Lyt phenotypes. At all ages, 50-60% of nu/nu splenocytes, enriched for T lymphocytes by removal of sIg+ cells, expressed T markers, as compared with greater than 85% in normal mice. At 2 mo of age, all nu/nu splenic T cells expressed the surface phenotype TL+:Thy-1+:Ly-123. This is abnormal in two respects: first, because expression of TL is normally confined to thymocytes; and second, because there was no evidence of the usual diversification into the subsets Ly-1 and Ly-23. From 10 wk of age onwards, diversification into Ly subsets was evident in nu/nu spleen, although the usual predominance of Ly-1 over Ly-123 cells was not attained, and some TL+ cells persisted. Also, the ratio of Qa-1+ to Qa-1- cells rose progressively to as high as 4:1 at 4-6 mo, in contrast to the usual ratio of approximately 1:1, regardless of age. In the spleens of nu/nu mice treated with TP-5 from 5-8 weeks of age and tested 1 wk later, the proportion of T cells was raised, though not to normal levels, the number of TL+ cells was reduced, and there was diversification into Ly sets.