gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spreading of DNA methylation across integrated foreign (adenovirus type 12) genomes in mammalian cells (1991)

The establishment of de novo-generated patterns of DNA methylation is characterized by the gradual spreading of DNA methylation (I. Kuhlmann and W. Doerfler, J. Virol. 47:631-636, 1983; M. Toth, U. Lichtenberg, and W. Doerfler, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:3728-3732, 1989; M. Toth, U. Müller, and W. Doerfler J. Mol. Biol. 214:673-683, 1990). We have used integrated adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) genomes in hamster tumor cells as a model system to study the mechanism of de novo DNA methylation. Ad12 induces tumors in neonate hamsters, and the viral DNA is integrated into the hamster genome, usually nearly intact and in an orientation that is colinear with that of the virion genome. The integrated Ad12 DNA in the tumor cells is weakly methylated at the 5'-CCGG-3' sequences. These sequences appear to be a reliable indicator for the state of methylation in mammalian DNA. Upon explantation of the tumor cells into culture medium, DNA methylation at 5'-CCGG-3' sequences gradually spreads across the integrated viral genomes with increasing passage numbers of cells in culture. Methylation is reproducibly initiated in the region between 30 and 75 map units on the integrated viral genome and progresses from there in either direction on the genome. Eventually, the genome is strongly methylated, except for the terminal 2 to 5% on either end, which remains hypomethylated. Similar observations have been made with tumor cell lines with different sites of Ad12 DNA integration. In contrast, the levels of DNA methylation do not seem to change after tumor cell explanation in several segments of hamster cell DNA of the unique or repetitive type. Restriction (HpaII) and Southern blot experiments were performed with selected cloned hamster cellular DNA probes. The data suggest that in the integrated foreign DNA, there exist nucleotide sequences or structures or chromatin arrangements that can be preferentially recognized by the system responsible for de novo DNA methylation in mammalian cells.
Macrocyclic Diterpene Polyesters of the Jatrophane Type from Euphorbia esula (1997)

Three new jatrophane diterpenes, esulatin A, B and C (1-3) were isolated and characterized from the whole, undried plant of Euphorbia esula. By means of spectral analysis, the structures were established as penta- and heptaesters of hitherto unknown, polyfunctional diterpene parent alcohols. Esulatin A (1) and C (3) are the diterpenoids with the highest degree of esterification identified to date from the family Euphorbiaceae.
An Efficient Verifiable Threshold Multi-Secret Sharing Scheme With Different Stages (2019)

Secret sharing is one of the most important cryptographic primitives used for data outsourcing. The threshold-based secret sharing scheme is one of the well-known secret sharing schemes in cryptography. A single secret sharing scheme has low efficiency and multiple secret sharing schemes can greatly improve the efficiency of secret sharing. We present an efficient verifiable threshold multi-secret sharing scheme with different stages in which multiple secrets are shared among participants during one sharing process. In such a way, some qualified subsets of participants can collectively recover these secrets. The verifiable nature means that the participant can verify his/her own share. Our proposed scheme can share multiple secrets and each secret has its own threshold access structure. Moreover, each participant only keeps one share, and however they can reconstruct all secrets in recovery stages. This scheme is a multi-stage-use secret sharing scheme, in which the size of the participant’s share is the same as that of each secret and the amount of information disclosed reaches the optimal lower bound. Compared with the previous verifiable <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(t,n)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -threshold multi-secret sharing scheme, this scheme is of stronger computational security and practicability.
Abdominal Aortic Tourniquet™ Use in Afghanistan (2013)

The Abdominal Aortic Tourniquet? was used recently used in Afghanistan to control severe hemorrhage in a casualty who had traumatic bilateral amputations of the lower extremities. Excerpts from the medical provider?s account of the tactical evacuation phase of care are provided.
Enhancement of T Cell Cytotoxic Responses by Purified Human Fibroblast Interferon (1978)

Purified polyribonucleotide-induced human fibroblast interferon (HFIF) was tested for its effects on proliferative and cytotoxic human T cell responses to alloantigens. The addition of HFIF (100 to 400 IFU/ml) to mixed leukocyte cultures decreased alloantigen-induced lymphocyte proliferative responses as determined by both recovery of responding cells and by 3H-thymidine incorporation into responding cells. However, HFIF, but not the mock interferon preparation, increased the cytotoxic response of T cells to allogeneic cells by 4- to 5-fold when expressed in terms of lytic units. Although fibroblast and leukocyte interferons have different physicochemical and biologic properties, the results reported here are in concert with previous findings concerning the effects of virus-induced leukocyte interferon on human T cell functions.
Visual Loop Closure Detection for a Future Mars Science Helicopter (2022)

Future Mars Rotorcrafts will require the ability to precisely navigate to previously visited locations in order to return to a safe landing site or execute precise scientific measurements, such as sample acquisition or targeted sensing. To enable a future Mars Science Helicopter to perform in-flight loop closures, we present an on-board visual loop closure detection system based on a Bag-of-Words (BoW) approach that is efficient enough to run in real-time on the anticipated computationally constrained flight avionics. Our system establishes image-to-image associations between incoming images of a downward-looking navigation camera and previously observed geo-tagged keyframes stored in a database. The system extracts ORB features which are quantized into a BoW histogram using a custom one million words hierarchical vocabulary, trained on synthetic images from a Mars simulation. An efficient database query using an inverted index produces a set of candidate frames which we check for geometrical consistency. For efficient feature matching, we leverage the vocabulary to perform fast approximate nearest neighbor search. The geometrical check accepts loop closure pairs whose essential matrix is supported by a minimum number of feature matches, which are pre-selected based on a rotational consistency check. The vocabulary and the methods used for the geometrical consistency checks were chosen to maximize the performance while allowing single-thread real-time execution on a computationally constrained embedded processor. We demonstrate and evaluate the proposed system both on simulated and real-world data, including flight data from the Mars Helicopter <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Ingenuity</i> .
Protein Disulfide Isomerase Activity of Some Plant Seeds (1998)

The activity of protein disulfide isomerase, in the extracts of several dormant seeds including soybean, rice, wheat, and maize was assayed. The activity was higher in the extracts of beans than in those of the other seeds. A correlation was significant (R=0.95 and 0.93; p<0.01) between the PDI activity and the concentration of protein soluble in a salt solution.
On the presence of odd transverse convective rolls in narrow-gap horizontal annuli (2002)

A numerical study of three-dimensional supercritical states of natural convection in a narrow-gap horizontal cylindrical annulus is presented. For the first time, an odd number of counter-rotating transverse rolls is shown to occur in a narrow-gap annulus. Flow and temperature fields associated with the odd roll state are compared to those of transverse roll states exhibiting even numbers of rolls, and factors influencing the occurrence and number of odd rolls are investigated.
Chemosensitivity of solid tumor cells in vitro is related to activation of the CD95 system (1998)

We have identified the CD95 system as a key mediator of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in leukemia and neuroblastoma cells. Here, we report that sensitivity of various solid tumor cell lines for drug-induced cell death corresponds to activation of the CD95 system. Upon drug treatment, strong induction of CD95 ligand (CD95-L) and caspase activity were found in chemosensitive tumor cells (Hodgkin, Ewing's sarcoma, colon carcinoma and small cell lung carcinoma) but not in tumor cells which responded poorly to drug treatment (breast carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma). Blockade of CD95 using F(ab′)2 anti-CD95 antibody fragments markedly reduced drug-induced apoptosis, suggesting that drug-triggered apoptosis depended on CD95-L/receptor interaction. Moreover, drug treatment induced CD95 expression, thereby increasing sensitivity for CD95-induced apoptosis. Drug-induced apoptosis critically depended on activation of caspases (ICE/Ced-3-like proteases) since the broad-spectrum inhibitor of caspases zVAD-fmk strongly reduced drug-mediated apoptosis. The prototype substrate of caspases, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, was cleaved upon drug treatment, suggesting that CD95-L triggered autocrine/paracrine death via activation of caspases. Our data suggest that chemosensitivity of solid tumor cells depends on intact apoptosis pathways involving activation of the CD95 system and processing of caspases. Our findings may have important implications for new treatment approaches to increase sensitivity and to overcome resistance of solid tumors. Int. J. Cancer 76:105–114, 1998.© 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Cooperative and Sequential Excitation of Red Fluorescence of Ho3+ in CaF3 (1971)

Steady-state and dynamic methods for differentiating between successive and cooperative excitation of fluorescence are discussed with respect to the infrared excitation of the red (0.65-μ) fluorescence of Ho3+ in CaF2. The excitation of this fluorescence by 1.16-μ radiation is identified as a nonresonant cooperative interaction involving the emission of about four phonons for energy conservation.
Predicting RP-LC retention indices of structurally unknown chemicals from mass spectrometry data (2023)

Non-target analysis combined with liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry is considered one of the most comprehensive strategies for the detection and identification of known and unknown chemicals in complex samples. However, many compounds remain unidentified due to data complexity and limited number structures in chemical databases. In this work, we have developed and validated a novel machine learning algorithm to predict the retention index (r[Formula: see text]) values for structurally (un)known chemicals based on their measured fragmentation pattern. The developed model, for the first time, enabled the predication of r[Formula: see text] values without the need for the exact structure of the chemicals, with an [Formula: see text] of 0.91 and 0.77 and root mean squared error (RMSE) of 47 and 67 r[Formula: see text] units for the NORMAN ([Formula: see text]) and amide ([Formula: see text]) test sets, respectively. This fragment based model showed comparable accuracy in r[Formula: see text] prediction compared to conventional descriptor-based models that rely on known chemical structure, which obtained an [Formula: see text] of 0.85 with an RMSE of 67.
<title>Electrostatic tuning of the bending stiffness of simple slender multilayer composite structures</title> (2005)

Vibration control and suppression in structures plays a central role in the extension of their service life and improvement of their reliability. While in many cases the solution of this problem implies the introduction of external damping devices, it is also conceivable to adaptively modify their vibratory properties, so that the occurrence of severe vibrations due to resonance phenomena can be curbed at its origin. The modification of the shear stress transfer at the interface between the core and the faces of a sandwich beam has been shown to have a remarkable effect on the bending stiffness of the structure. Such modification can be obtained by applying a normal stress between the core and the un-bonded, electrically insulated faces of the sandwich by means of a strong electrical field. An intermediate behavior between fully bonded and un-bonded layers in terms of inter-laminar shear stress can be achieved by temporary electrostatic bonding of the components. The outlined approach to the reduction of transversal vibrations in thin multi-layer beams is promising and can in principle be applied to multi-layer plates.
Facile and Divergent Synthesis of Lamellarins and Lactam‐Containing Derivatives with Improved Drug Likeness and Biological Activities (2015)

With the goal to improve the aqueous solubility of lamellarins, the lactone ring in their skeleton was replaced with a lactam moiety in azalamellarins. However, the reported synthetic route produced such derivatives in very low yields. Hence, this study focused on developing an efficient simplified total synthetic scheme that could furnish both azalamellarins and the parent lamellarins from the same pyrrole ester intermediates. Subsequent comparative profiling revealed that the introduced lactone-to-lactam replacement rendered these molecules less lipophilic, whereas their cancer cytotoxicity remained equipotent to that of the parent compounds. Interestingly, their inhibitory activity was significantly enhanced towards the multifaceted GSK-3β enzyme. Our results clearly demonstrate the therapeutic potential of this promising class of marine-derived natural products and justify their further development, especially into anticancer agents.
JMML and RALD (Ras-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disorder): common genetic etiology yet clinically distinct entities (2015)

Ras-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disorder (RALD) is a chronic, nonmalignant condition that presents with persistent monocytosis and is often associated with leukocytosis, lymphoproliferation, and autoimmune phenomena. RALD has clinical and laboratory features that overlap with those of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), including identical somatic mutations in KRAS or NRAS genes noted in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Long-term follow-up of these patients suggests that RALD has an indolent clinical course whereas JMML is fatal if left untreated. Immunophenotyping peripheral blood from RALD patients shows characteristic circulating activated monocytes and polyclonal CD10(+) B cells. Distinguishing RALD from JMML and CMML has implications for clinical care and prognosis.
Portal server technology (2002)

To provide a consistent experience for customers, most Web site developers must integrate existing content with new content, server-side applications, and Web-based services. Increasingly, even basic sites are becoming more like traditional portals-a single, integrated point of access to information, applications, and people. Portals integrate diverse interaction channels at a central point, providing comprehensive context and an aggregated view across all information. Portals are largely based on existing Web application technology, such as Web servers and Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition (J2EE). I present an overview of portal types and services, followed by a more detailed examination of portal-specific components and architectures.
Orientation Range for Transposition According to the Correlation Analysis of 2DPalmHash Code (2013)

Recently two-dimensional (2D) Palm Hash Code was proposed as a cancelable palm print coding scheme for secure palm print verification. However, there is vertical correlation between the vertically adjacent entries of 2DPalmHash Code. Armed with the statistical correlation analysis, an attacker can break into the palm print verification system easier than using brute-force attack. This paper analyzes the relation between the vertical correlation of 2DPalmHash Code and the corresponding vertical correlation of Gabor feature matrix. To suppress the vertical correlation of 2DPalmHash Code, both the real part and imaginary part of Gabor feature matrices, which are extracted along the orientations approaching vertical orientation, are transposed, respectively. The orientation rang suitable for transposition for vertical correlation suppression is determined by both correlation analysis and experimental results.
Conceptual Study of Brain Dedicated PET Improving Sensitivity (2016)

The purpose of this study is to propose a novel high sensitivity neuro-PET design. The improvement of sensitivity in neuro-PET is important because it can reduce scan time and/or radiation dose. In this study, we proposed a novel PET detector design that combined conical shape detector with cylindrical one to obtain high sensitivity. The sensitivity as a function of the oblique angle and the ratio of the conical to cylindrical portion was estimated to optimize the design of brain PET using Monte Carlo simulation tool, GATE. An axial sensitivity and misplacement rate by penetration of γ rays were also estimated to evaluate the performance of the proposed PET. The sensitivity was improved by 36% at the center of axial FOV. This value was similar to the calculated value. The misplacement rate of conical shaped PET was about 5% higher than the conventional PET. The results of this study demonstrated the conical detector proposed in this study could provide subsequent improvement in sensitivity which could allow to design high sensitivity PET for brain imaging.
Adaptive Skinning for Interactive Hair-Solid Simulation (2016)

Reduced hair models have proven successful for interactively simulating a full head of hair strands, building upon a fundamental assumption that only a small set of guide hairs are needed for explicit simulation, and the rest of the hair move coherently and thus can be interpolated using guide hairs. Unfortunately, hair-solid interactions is a pathological case for traditional reduced hair models, as the motion coherence between hair strands can be arbitrarily broken by interacting with solids. In this paper, we propose an adaptive hair skinning method for interactive hair simulation with hair-solid collisions. We precompute many eligible sets of guide hairs and the corresponding interpolation relationships that are represented using a compact strand-based hair skinning model. At runtime, we simulate only guide hairs; for interpolating every other hair, we adaptively choose its guide hairs, taking into account motion coherence and potential hair-solid collisions. Further, we introduce a two-way collision correction algorithm to allow sparsely sampled guide hairs to resolve collisions with solids that can have small geometric features. Our method enables interactive simulation of more than 150 K hair strands interacting with complex solid objects, using 400 guide hairs. We demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the method with various hairstyles and user-controlled arbitrary hair-solid interactions.
Data from PD-1/PD-L1–Associated Immunoarchitectural Patterns Stratify Pancreatic Cancer Patients into Prognostic/Predictive Subgroups (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Immunotherapy, including PD-1/PD-L1 agonists, has shown limited efficacy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We examined the PD-1/PD-L1 expression and immunoarchitectural features by automated morphometric analysis using multiplex immunofluorescence and 118 microsatellite-stable, treatment–naïve, surgically resected PDACs (study cohort). Five microsatellite-instable cases were stained in parallel (MSI cohort). Molecular analysis was additionally performed. An independent PDAC cohort (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 226) was immunostained for PD-L1 and used as a validation cohort. PD-L1 expression on tumor cells (TC) and/or immune cells (IC) was present in 32% and 30% of the study and validation cohorts, respectively, and assigned into one of four patterns: “adaptive-1” (TC: 0, IC &gt; 1%), “adaptive-2” (TC &gt; 1% to &lt; 25%, IC &gt; 1%), “constitutive” (TC ≥ 25%, IC: 0), and “combined” (TC ≥ 25%, IC &gt; 1%). “Constitutive” tumors were characterized by reduced numbers of all ICs and poor outcome. In contrast, “adaptive-1” tumors exhibited abundant T cells, including high counts of cytotoxic CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and PD-1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cells, but low counts of PD-L1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cells and associated with the best outcome. “Adaptive-2” tumors displayed higher proportions of PD-L1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells and tumor-associated macrophages (CD68&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD68&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD206&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) compared with “adaptive-1” tumors. In the “combined” pattern, extensive PD-L1 expression on TCs was accompanied by increased numbers of T cells and improved overall survival. ICs were closer to PD-L1&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; than to PD-L1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; PDAC cells. &lt;i&gt;TP53&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;PIK3CA&lt;/i&gt; alterations tended to be more frequent in PD-L1&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; tumors. The 5 MSI cases were PD-L1&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;. The distinct PD-1/PD-L1–associated immunoarchitectural patterns underpin the heterogeneity of the immunologic responses and might be used to inform patient outcomes and therapeutic decisions in pancreatic cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;