gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ExBox: A Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Scavenger (2012)

A template-directed protocol, which capitalizes on donor-acceptor interactions, is employed to synthesize a semi-rigid cyclophane (ExBox(4+)) that adopts a box-like geometry and is comprised of π-electron-poor 1,4-phenylene-bridged ("extended") bipyridinium units (ExBIPY(2+)). ExBox(4+) functions as a high-affinity scavenger of an array of different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), ranging from two to seven fused rings, as a result of its large, accommodating cavity (approximately 3.5 Å in width and 11.2 Å in length when considering the van der Waals radii) and its ability to form strong non-covalent bonding interactions with π-electron-rich PAHs in either organic or aqueous media. In all, 11 PAH guests were observed to form inclusion complexes with ExBox(4+), with coronene being the largest included guest. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction data for the 11 inclusion complexes ExBox(4+)⊂PAH as well as UV/vis spectroscopic data for 10 of the complexes provide evidence of the promiscuity of ExBox(4+) for the various PAHs. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetric analyses of 10 of the inclusion complexes are employed to further characterize the host-guest interactions in solution and determine the degree with which ExBox(4+) binds each PAH compound. As a proof-of-concept, a batch of crude oil from Saudi Arabia was subjected to extraction with the water-soluble form of the PAH receptor, ExBox·4Cl, resulting in the isolation of different aromatic compounds after ExBox·4Cl was regenerated.
Fast k Nearest Neighbor Search using GPU (2008)

The recent improvements of graphics processing units (GPU) offer to the computer vision community a powerful processing platform. Indeed, a lot of highly-parallelizable computer vision problems can be significantly accelerated using GPU architecture. Among these algorithms, the k nearest neighbor search (KNN) is a well-known problem linked with many applications such as classification, estimation of statistical properties, etc. The main drawback of this task lies in its computation burden, as it grows polynomially with the data size. In this paper, we show that the use of the NVIDIA CUDA API accelerates the search for the KNN up to a factor of 120.
Formation of microgel beads by electric dispersion of polymer solutions (1999)

Abstract Microcapsules are produced by a dropwise addition of one solution into a solidifying bath. By applying an electrostatic potential between the droplet formation device and the collecting solution, it is possible to obtain smaller droplets which are desirable for many applications. Droplet formation may be divided into two phases. Under a certain critical value of the electric potential U c , liquid exits the nozzle as droplets. The surface tension decreases with increasing electric potential resulting in a reduction of droplet diameter to approximately 200 μm. At higher electric potential, liquid exits the nozzle as a jet which subsequently breaks into droplets, which are smaller than 200 μm. In this case, droplet size is mainly determined by the jet instability (theory of Rayleigh).
Thermal microactuator characterization (1999)

In this paper we will present methods for displacement characterization of topology optimized electro-thermal microactuators. Although thermal actuators are the object of our research, these methods are general in nature and can be applied for any type of laterally driven actuator. Characterization of these actuators is done by recording the power dissipated in the actuator and, by the use of a framegrabber, grabbing a microscope image of the work-point of the actuator. From the microscope images displacement information is found by image analysis. Using the presented method, displacements can be measured with a resolution of 5 nm. This highly accurate displacement measuring method is used to calculate displacement distributions form which the strain distribution can be calculated.
The CD83 reporter mouse elucidates the activity of the CD83 promoter in B, T, and dendritic cell populationsin vivo (2008)

CD83 is the major surface marker identifying mature dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, we report the generation of reporter mice expressing EGFP under the control of the CD83 promoter. We have used these mice to characterize CD83 expression by various immune system cell types both in vivo and ex vivo and under steady-state conditions and in response to stimulation with a Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand. With those mice we could prove in vivo that the CD83 promoter is highly active in all DCs and B cells in lymphoid organs. Interestingly, this promoter activity in B cells mainly depended on the stage of development, is up-regulated in the late pre-B cell stage, and was maintained on a high level in all peripheral B cells. We also confirmed that CD83 in those cells is mainly intracellular but is up-regulated after TLR stimulation. Otherwise, CD83 promoter activity in T cells seemed to depend on stimulation and could be found mainly in CD4(+)CD25(+) and CD8(+)CD25(+) T cells and in CD4(+) and CD8(+) memory cells. In addition, we identified the murine homologues of the human CD83 splice variants. In contrast to those in human, those extremely rare short transcripts were never found without the expression of the highly dominant full-length form. So, the murine CD83 surface expression is mainly regulated posttranslationally in vivo. Our CD83 reporter mice represent a useful mouse model for monitoring the activation status and migration of DCs and lymphocytes under various conditions, and our results provide much needed clarification of the true nature of CD83 promoter activity.
Research on the traceability of pulse waveform parameters in NIM (2020)

This paper describes some research on the traceability of pulse waveform parameters in NIM. The tracing method of high-precision pulse amplitude is researched based on digital sampling and algorithm processing. The tracing method of transient response of sampling oscilloscope is researched based on NTN calibration technology, and a primary standard of pulse waveform parameters is established. The tracing method of transition duration of ultrafast pulse made by photodetector is researched based on EOS technology. NIM participated in the international comparison of waveform and submitted the data.
Compressive imaging: hybrid measurement basis design (2011)

The inherent redundancy in natural scenes forms the basis of compressive imaging where the number of measurements is less than the dimensionality of the scene. The compressed sensing theory has shown that a purely random measurement basis can yield good reconstructions of sparse objects with relatively few measurements. However, additional prior knowledge about object statistics that is typically available is not exploited in the design of the random basis. In this work, we describe a hybrid measurement basis design that exploits the power spectral density statistics of natural scenes to minimize the reconstruction error by employing an optimal combination of a nonrandom basis and a purely random basis. Using simulation studies, we quantify the reconstruction error improvement achievable with the hybrid basis for a diverse set of natural images. We find that the hybrid basis can reduce the reconstruction error up to 77% or equivalently requires fewer measurements to achieve a desired reconstruction error compared to the purely random basis. It is also robust to varying levels of object sparsity and yields as much as 40% lower reconstruction error compared to the random basis in the presence of measurement noise.
ChemInform Abstract: Charge‐Tagged Ligands: Useful Tools for Immobilizing Complexes and Detecting Reaction Species During Catalysis (2015)

Abstract Review: 116 refs.
Segmentation of Meaningful Text-Regions from Camera Captured Document Images (2018)

In the era of digitization, digitizing books, magazines, journals etc. are very much beneficial for humans. The scanning of a thick document and warped pages in the poor luminance cause long dark region alongside the margin. Imperfect thresholding during binarization also causes noise blocks. This paper proposes an approach for the segmentation of meaningful regions from camera captured document images based on projection profile and connected component analysis. The approach is tested on Tobacco-800 and Born-digital Warped Bangla Document Image Dataset (BdWBDID); The result is encouraging.
Phosphorylcholine end‐capped poly‐ε‐caprolactone: A novel biodegradable material with improved antiadsorption property (2006)

Abstract In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and properties of a novel biodegradable polymer with improved hemocompatibility were introduced. It was synthesized by end‐capping poly‐ε‐caprolactone (PCL) with phosphorylcholine (PC) groups. The polyester backbone provided the mechanical stability and biodegradability, while the PC‐end groups improved its hemocompatibility. The obtained polymer was characterized using 1 H NMR, 31 P NMR, FTIR, and GPC, its crystallization behavior was studied by DSC. Compared with original PCL, the resulting polymer (PC‐PCL) showed a lower crystallization capability and a faster degradation rate in PBS. The degradation rate of the polymer blends of PCL/PC‐PCL increased with increasing PC‐PCL content. The results of water contact angle measurements revealed a more hydrophilic surface property of PC‐PCL than neat PCL. The hemocompatibility of PC‐PCL was estimated using rabbit platelet‐rich plasma, a better resistance to platelet adhesion and activation was observed. During the human blood plasma contacting process, PC‐PCL showed a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time over neat PCL. Material–cell interaction was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cell, the result indicated that PC‐PCL may to some extent have an antihyperplasia property, compared with neat PCL. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 989–997, 2007
Gastroepiploic artery free graft for coronary bypass (1990)

The internal mammary artery (IMA) is the graft of choice for CABG buthas a limited number and length. For multivessel coronary disease,saphenous vein grafts have to be added but they show poorer long-termpatency. Investigation to provide adjunctive reliable grafts has recentlyfocussed on the right gastroepiploic artery (GEA) and encouraging resultshave been reported employing this vessel as a pedicled graft to bypassdistal coronary vessels. From December 1988 to February 1989, to achievecomplete myocardial revascularization with only arterial grafts we used aGEA free graft in combination with the two IMAs in 20 consecutive patientsunder 70 years of age undergoing elective surgery. Before starting,histological studies were carried out and a significant similarity betweenIMA and GEA was found. In the 20 patients, 76 coronary anastomoses wereperformed (3.8 bypasses/patient), the GEA graft revascularized the rightcoronary artery in 9 patients, the circumflex in 8 patients and theanterior descending and/or diagonal in 3 patients; in 7 patients the GEAgraft was used for sequential anastomoses. No perioperative deaths, nomyocardial infarctions and no gastroenterological complications occurred.Coronary angiographic postoperative control showed 20/20 patent GEA grafts.After follow-up ranging from 7 to 9 months, all patients are free fromangina. The GEA free graft is not difficult to harvest, is easier than thepedicled GEA graft to handle in the pericardium and is suitable forsequential anastomoses. The use of GEA graft however increases thecomplexity of bypass operations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Optimal control of reservoir release temperature through selective withdrawal intake at hydropower dam (2016)

This study is motivated by the need to understand the temperature dynamics and warm-water temperature withdrawal. This study also recognizes the need for an environmental assessment of the proposed temperature control schemes at New Fengman Dam. An unsteady three-dimensional (3D) non-hydrostatic model is used in the present study to predict the hydrodynamics and thermal dynamics in the forebay and intakes of the New Fengman Dam. The numerical model is validated using hydrodynamic data collected from a 1:120 entire physical model and 1:30 local model in the present paper. The numerical and experimental results indicate that the Stop Log Gate has no effect on warm-water withdrawal. After dam reconstruction, the reservoir release temperatures can be increased from 4.0 °C to 6.0 °C to improve the habitat of native fishes. The cancellation of the Stop Log Gate program is recommended; the old dam meets the performance objectives for temperature increase.
A Systematic Examination of Member Turnover and Online Community Health (2011)

A key characteristic of online communities is the fast turnover of their membership. Because online communities rely on voluntary member contribution to survive and succeed, member turnover can have important implications on the resource availability and the health of a community. However, empirical research on the effects of member turnover in online communities is rare. Most research assumes that slower turnover and higher retention are positively associated with community outcomes, without directly testing that assumption. A few studies have challenged this view and suggested that turnover can be beneficial in certain conditions. In this study, we contribute to the understanding of member turnover in online communities by systematically examining the relationship between member turnover and multiple dimensions of community health. The results will offer practical implications to online community managers on whether and when to retain member in their communities.
Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids: Transesterification of triolein and caprylic acid ethyl ester (1996)

Abstract Structured lipids were successfully synthesized by lipase‐catalyzed transesterification (ester interchange) of caprylic acid ethyl ester and triolein. The transesterification reaction was carried out in organic solvent as reaction media. Eight commercially‐available lipases (10% w/w substrates) were screened for their ability to synthesize structured lipid by incubating with 100 mg triolein and 78.0 mg caprylic acid ethyl ester in 3 mL hexane at 45°C for 24 h. The products were analyzed by reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light‐scattering detector. Immobilized lipase IM60 from Rhizomucor miehei converted most triolein into structured lipids (41.7% dicapryloolein, 46.0% monocapryloolein, and 12.3% unreacted triolein). However, lipase SP435 from Candida antarctica had a higher activity at higher temperature. The reaction catalyzed by lipase SP435 yielded 62.0% dicapryloolein, 33.5% monocapryloolein, and 4.5% unreacted triolein at 55°C. Time course, incubation media, added water, and substrate concentration were also investigated in this study. The results suggest that lipase‐catalyzed transesterification of long‐chain triglycerides and medium‐chain fatty acid ethyl ester is feasible to synthesize structured lipids.
Mir-21 Mediates Hematopoietic Suppression in MDS by Activating TGF-b Signaling, (2011)

Abstract Abstract 3813 Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis that leads to peripheral cytopenias. TGF-b is a hematopoietic inhibitory cytokine that has been indirectly linked to the pathogenesis of some subsets of MDS. We have shown that smad2, a component of the TGF- signaling pathway, is constitutively activated and upregulated in MDS progenitors (Blood, 112(8):3434; 2008). Since there is conflicting data about upregulation of TGF- b levels in MDS, we next sought to determine the molecular basis of TGF- b pathway activation in this disease. We observed that smad-7, a negative regulator of TGF- b receptor-I kinase, is markedly down regulated in MDS and leads overactivation of the receptor and subsequent smad2 phosphorylation / activation in this disease (Cancer Res, 71(3):955–63). In the present study we wanted to determine the cause of smad7 reduction in MDS. Since microRNA dysregulation has been reported in many malignancies, we explored the 3'UTR of the smad7 gene for putative microRNA binding sites and observed predicted mir-21 and mir-15/16 binding sites that were conserved across species. mir-21 was found to be elevated in a microarray screen in MDS (British J. Haem. 153(1):24–32) and was subsequently found by us to be significantly elevated by qPCR in MDS marrow samples when compared with age matched controls (TTest, N=11 in each group, P Value= 0.02). Luciferase reporters containing wild type and mutant 3' UTR of the smad7 gene were then used to determine whether mir21 was able to directly bind to the predicted sequence in the gene. Enforced expression of mir-21 was able to inhibit the wild type smad7 reporter expression and a mutation of 4 complementary residues in the 3'UTR led to abrogation of this effect, thus demonstrating direct effects of mir-21 on smad7 gene. To test the role of mir-21 in regulating TGF-b signaling in vivo, we used chemically modified, locked nucleic acid (LNA) inhibitors of mir-21. These were used in a TGF-overexpressing transgenic mouse model that develops progressive anemia and dysplasia and thus serves as a model of human bone marrow failure. Treatment with the mir-21 inhibitor led to significant increases in RBC counts when compared to placebo (P value&lt;0.01, T test) and led to increase in smad7 expression and decrease in smad2 phosphorylation in bone marrow progenitors of the treated mice. Finally, mir-21 inhibitor treatment led to increases in erythroid and myeloid colony formation from human MDS bone marrow stem cells, demonstrating its ability in stimulating hematopoiesis in vitro. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that mir-21 mediated reduction in smad-7 contributes to ineffective hematopoiesis in MDS by activating TGF-beta signaling in bone marrow progenitors. Most importantly, these studies illustrate the therapeutic potential of mir-21 inhibitors in this disease. Disclosures: List: Celgene: Consultancy.
Filtration characteristics of rotating plasma filter composed of flat nylon membrane. (1989)

The present study elucidates filtration characteristics of rotating filters for plasma separation composed of flat Nylon membranes. No drop in filtrate flux with transmembrane pressure is observed with Nylon membranes. The red blood cell polarization model accounts for filtration characteristics of rotating filters.
Direct and inverse scattering problems for inhomogeneous impedance cylinders of arbitrary shape (2003)

The direct and inverse scattering problems related to objects having inhomogeneous impedance boundaries are addressed by considering cylindrical bodies. In the solution of the direct scattering problem, the scattered field is first expressed in terms of a combined single‐ and double‐layer potential through Green's formula and the boundary condition. By using the jump relations on the boundary of the object, the scattering problem is reduced to a boundary integral equation that can be solved via a Nyström method. The aim of the inverse impedance problem is to reconstruct the inhomogeneous surface impedance of the body from the measured far field data. Here representing the scattered field as a single‐layer potential leads to an ill‐posed integral equation of the first kind for the density that requires stabilization for its numerical solution; for example, by Tikhonov regularization. With the aid of the jump relations the single‐layer potential enables the evaluation of the total field and its derivative on the boundary of the scatterer. Consequently, from the boundary condition the surface impedance can be reconstructed either by direct evaluation or by a minimum norm solution in the least squares sense. The numerical results show that our methods yields good resolution both for the direct and the inverse problem.
Visual Sensing of Saccharides Promoted by Resorcinol Condensation Products (2000)

[structure: see text] Heating aqueous DMSO solutions of five saccharides in the presence of 1-3 reveals that each receptor promotes solution colors characteristic for each sugar. New compound 3 allows the direct correlation of sugar concentration with visible region absorbance and/or fluorescence intensities.
Use of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of ovarian cancer (2009)

As mAbs selectively target tumor cells expressing tumor-associated antigens, mAb-based therapy may offer potential benefits such as avoiding the cytotoxic side effects on normal tissue seen with traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Although previous clinical studies have demonstrated minimal side effects of mAbs, in contrast to treatments for hematological malignancies and certain solid malignancies such as breast or colorectal cancer, mAb-based therapy has not been convincingly proven to be clinically effective in patients with ovarian cancer. As the preclinically demonstrated potential of mAb is encouraging, further investigations are needed to establish a more effective, specific, and less toxic treatment strategy for ovarian cancer.
Power allocation in repetition time diversity hybrid automatic repeat request feedback (2012)

This paper addresses the problem of optimal power allocation for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback over slowly-fading channels. We mainly focus on the repetition time diversity HARQ scheme where the results are obtained for both continuous and bursting communication models. Moreover, the effect of an outage probability constraint on the system data transmission efficiency is studied under different transmission power constraints. Simulation results show that 1) for Nakagami fading channels, the optimal HARQ-based (re)transmission powers maximizing the system throughput should be decreasing in every (re)transmission round, 2) higher rates are achieved in the continuous communication, when compared with the bursting model, and 3) HARQ feedback leads to considerable performance improvement even in outage-limited conditions.
Raman-scattering study of crystallizedMF3compounds (M=Al,Cr,Ga,V,Fe,In): An approach to the short-range-order force constants (1990)

The cubic-rhombohedral structural phase transition that occurs in M${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$ compounds (M=Al,Cr,Ga,V,Fe,In) is studied by calorimetric measurements (differential scanning calorimetry, differential thermal analysis) and by Raman and by Raman scattering. The transition temperatures and the hysteresis are determined with precision. The Raman spectra of M${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$ fluorides have been collected at room temperature and high temperature. An assignment of the four Raman-active modes of the rhombohedral phase is proposed on the basis of group-theory analysis in the cubic phase. The temperature study of Raman spectra indicates the presence of two soft modes due to the condensation of the triply degenerate ${\mathit{R}}_{5}$ mode of the cubic phase [at the R(1/2,1/2,1/2) point of the first cubic Brillouin zone]. The Raman data are used to adjust the parameters of a rigid-ion model and to deduce short-range interaction parameters assuming constant ratio ${\mathit{A}}_{\mathit{i}}$/${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{i}}$. The F-F short-range interactions are obtained for a wide range of interionic distances, and their behavior is physically reasonable. The calculated phonon spectra and the phonon density of states are presented. The latter exhibits an important discontinuity at the soft-mode frequencies.
Development and Independent Validation of a Prognostic Assay for Stage II Colon Cancer Using Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue (2011)

This gene signature represents a novel prognostic biomarker for patients with stage II colon cancer that can be applied to FFPE tumor samples.