gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Diospyros kaki (Persimmon) and Their Inhibitory Effects on Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (2008)

Phytochemical study on a methanol-soluble extract of the leaves of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) resulted in the isolation of two new ursane-type triterpenoids, 3alpha,19alpha-dihydroxyurs-12,20(30)-dien-24,28-dioic acid (1) and 3alpha,19alpha-dihydroxyurs-12-en-24,28-dioic acid (2), together with 12 known ursane- and oleanane-type triterpenoids (3-14). Triterpenoids with a 3beta-hydroxy group were found to inhibit protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) activity, with IC50 values ranging from 3.1+/-0.2 to 18.8+/-1.3 microM, whereas those with a 3alpha-hydroxy moiety were not active.
Nematic Liquids in Weak Capillary Poiseuille Flow: Structure Scaling Laws and Effective Conductivity Implications (2007)

Abstract. We study the scaling properties of heterogeneities in nematic (liq-uid crystal) polymers that are generated by pressure-driven, capillary Poiseuille flow. These studies complement our earlier drag-driven structure simulations and analyses. We use the mesoscopic Doi-Marrucci-Greco model, which incor-porates excluded-volume interactions of the rod-like particle ensemble, distor-tional elasticity of the dispersion, and hydrodynamic feedback through orien-tation dependent viscoelastic stresses. The geometry likewise introduces an-choring conditions on the nano-rods which touch the solid boundaries. We first derive flow-orientation steady-state structures for three different anchor-ing conditions, by asymptotic analysis in the limit of weak pressure gradient. These closed-form expressions yield scaling laws, which predict how lengthscales of distortions in the flow and orientational distribution vary with strength of the excluded volume potential, molecule geometry, and distortional elasticity constants. Next, the asymptotic structures are verified by direct numerical simulations, which provide a high level benchmark on the numerical code and algorithm. Finally, we calculate the effective (thermal or electrical) conductiv-ity tensor of the composite films, and determine scaling behavior of the effective property enhancements generated by capillary Poiseuille flow. Key Words. Liquid crystal (nematic) polymers, asymptotic expansions, par-tial differential equations, capillary Poiseuille flow, conductivity 1.
Expression profiles of matrix metalloproteinase 9 in teleost fish provide evidence for its active role in initiation and resolution of inflammation (2008)

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) belongs to a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases. As a consequence of its ability to cleave structural extracellular matrix molecules, mammalian MMP-9 is associated with vital inflammatory processes such as leucocyte migration and tissue remodelling and regeneration. Interestingly, MMP-9 genes have been identified in fish, but functional data are still limited and focus on the involvement of MMP-9 in embryonic development, reproduction and post-mortem tenderization. Here, we describe the involvement of MMP-9 in the innate immunity of carp. In carp, MMP-9 was most notably expressed in classical fish immune organs and in peritoneal and peripheral blood leucocytes, indicating a role of MMP-9 in immune responses. In our well-characterized zymosan-induced peritonitis model for carp, we analysed expression of the MMP-9 gene and the gelatinolytic levels of both pro- and activated forms of MMP-9. The biphasic profile of MMP-9 mRNA expression indicated involvement during the initial phase of inflammation and during the later phase of tissue remodelling. Also, in vitro stimulation of carp phagocytes with lipopolysaccharide or concanavalin A increased MMP-9 gene expression, with a peak at 24 hr. The increase of MMP-9 mRNA correlated with the peak of MMP-9 gelatinolytic level in culture supernatants. These results provide evidence for an evolutionarily conserved and relevant role of MMP-9 in the innate immune response.
Erratum: Brain connectivity changes occurring following cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis predict long-term recovery (2017)

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.263.
Biochemical analyses of fossil enamel and dentin (1990)

Amino acid analyses of undecalcified samples of fossil crocodile and rhinoceros enamel and dentin from mature teeth revealed that the total protein content of these mineralized fossil tissues varied from ~0.01–0.007% by weight. Except in one instance, amino acid analyses of the enamel proteins revealed them to be free of collagen and to have an amino acid composition similar to the proteins obtained from the enamel of mature modern vertebrates. Molecular sieving of the acid soluble enamel proteins demonstrated that the components consisted principally of small peptides and free amino acids, as in the enamel of modern vertebrates. Based on the presence of hydroxyproline (hyp) and hydroxylysine (hyl), collagen was detected in undecalcified mature dentin of fossil rhinoceros, but not in undecalcified crocodile dentin. It was only by sequential extraction procedures that the presence of collagen in the dentin of fossil crocodile was established, emphasizing the utility and importance of analyzing the soluble components in specific extracts of the fossil. Based on these data and the concentrations of hyp and hyl in the material solubilized by the various solvents, the dentin of fossil rhinoceros contained considerably more collagen per weight and as a percentage of the total protein in the dentin than did the dentin of fossil crocodile. As with modern dentin, EDTA and dilute acid solubilize the noncollagenous proteins and peptides found in fossil enamel and dentin, some of which contain O-phosphoserine [Ser(P)], an amino acid unique to mineralized connective tissues. Similar to recent reported findings from fossil bone, less of the original content of the noncollagenous proteins, including those phosphorylated, is degraded and removed from the enamel and dentin during fossilization than the percentage of dentinal collagen and the nonphosphorylated domains of the enamel proteins which are removed. This selective resistance to degradation and removal of the noncollagenous proteins, including phosphoproteins, may reflect the strong interaction of these proteins with the mineral phase of fossilized tissues. The amount and close packing of the inorganic crystals may also inhibit the interaction of the proteins in the interior of the enamel and dentin with the geochemical environment.
Nanostructured zeolite 4A molecular sieving air separation membranesElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: nanocrystal synthesis and characterization. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b2/b204854j/ (2002)

A novel membrane forming strategy is reported to probe the intrinsic O2/N2 selectivity of zeolite 4A membrane and to fabricate highly selective nanocomposite membranes by using a nanocrystal-derived hierarchical porous zeolite 4A membrane whose non-zeolitic mesoporsity is filled with a nonpermeable polymer material (polyfurfuryl alcohol).
Single-shot, spatio-temporal electro-optic mapping of THz waveforms with linear detection using Temporal Electric-field Cross-correlation (TEX) (2013)

We present an electro-optic method for single-shot spatio-temporal THz waveform-mapping which avoids distortions associated with spectral encoding and retains the benefits of nonlinear cross-correlation but using linear detection. THz waveforms from laser-plasma accelerator are reconstructed.
Hardware implementations of Gaussian elimination over GF(2) for channel decoding algorithms (2013)

In this paper, we investigate hardware implementations for Gaussian elimination of binary matrices. Gaussian elimination over GF(2) is a key operation used in several new channel decoding algorithms, that can provide large improvement of frame error rate over currently used algorithms. We first apply state-of-the-art architectures for binary Gaussian elimination to decoding algorithms. Then, we present a new hardware architecture, that has considerably less resource utilization and a higher throughput than state-of-the-art solutions. The designs have been implemented and compared on a Virtex 7 FPGA.
Real illumination from virtual environments (2005)

We present a method for actively controlling the illumination in a room so that it is consistent with a virtual world. This procedure triggers natural adaptation processes in the human visual system. Combined with conventional or high dynamic range displays, the system improves the realism of transitions from dark to light environments and vice versa. It also helps with directional illumination in the user's peripheral field of view. We describe both the hardware and the software aspects of this approach, and discuss the results of an informal user survey that we conducted to verify the concept.
Hydrogel‐PLGA delivery system prolongs 2‐methoxyestradiol‐mediated anti‐tumor effects in osteosarcoma cells (2013)

Osteosarcoma is a bone tumor that affects children and young adults. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME), a naturally occurring estrogen metabolite, kills osteosarcoma cells, but does not affect normal osteoblasts. In order to effectively target osteosarcoma and improve the therapeutic index of the drug 2-ME, we have encapsulated 2-ME in a composite of oligo-(polyethylene glycol) fumarate (OPF) hydrogel and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres and investigated the effect of polymer composition on 2-ME release kinetics and osteosarcoma cell survival. The in vitro study shows that 2-ME can be released in a controlled manner over 21-days. The initial burst releases observed on day 1 were 50% and 32% for OPF and OPF/PLGA composites, respectively. The extended release kinetics show that 100% of the encapsulated 2-ME is released by day 12 from OPF, whereas the OPF/PLGA composites showed a release of 85% on day 21. 2-ME released from the polymers was biologically active and blocked osteosarcoma cell proliferation in vitro. Also, comparison of 2-ME delivery in osteosarcoma cells in culture, shows that direct treatment has no effect after 3 days, whereas polymer-mediated delivery produces anti-tumor effects that could be sustained for 21 days. These findings show that the OPF and PLGA polymeric system may prove to be useful in controlled and sustained delivery of 2-ME and could be further explored in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Facile surface modification of porous stainless steel substrate with TiO2intermediate layer for fabrication of H2-permeable composite palladium membranes (2016)

The increasing demand in compact hydrogen separators greatly stimulated the investigation and utilization of composite palladium membranes. Porous stainless steel (PSS) tubes were chosen as substrate material in this study, and a novel process of carbon-assisted solid-state sintering was introduced to modify the PSS surface with a TiO2 layer. A Pd/TiO2/PSS membrane with a Pd thickness of 6 µm was successfully fabricated via electroless plating. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), metallographic microscopy, X-ray diffraction and pore-size analyses were performed for material characterizations. As measured by H2/N2 single-gas testing, the fabricated Pd/TiO2/PSS membrane is permeable and selective to hydrogen, and it was stable during a time-on-stream of 100 h under 450°C.
Sophorolipids Production by Candida bombicola ATCC 22214 and its Potential Application in Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (2015)

Biosurfactant production using Candida bombicola ATCC 22214, its characterization and potential applications in enhancing oil recovery were studied at laboratory scale. The seed media and the production media were standardized for optimal growth and biosurfactant production. The production media were tested with different carbon sources: glucose (2%w/v) and corn oil (10%v/v) added separately or concurrently. The samples were collected at 24 h interval up to 120 h and checked for growth (OD660), and biosurfactant production [surface tension (ST) and interfacial tension (IFT)]. The medium with both glucose and corn oil gave better biosurfactant production and reduced both ST and IFT to 28.56 + 0.42mN/m and 2.13 + 0.09mN/m, respectively within 72 h. The produced biosurfactant was quite stable at 13-15% salinity, pH range of 2-12, and at temperature up to 100°C. It also produced stable emulsions (%E24) with different hydrocarbons (pentane, hexane, heptane, tridecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2,2,4,4,6,8-heptamethylnonane, light and heavy crude oil). The produced biosurfactant was extracted using ethyl acetate and characterized as a mixture of sophorolipids (SPLs). The potential of SPLs in enhancing oil recovery was tested using core-flooding experiments under reservoir conditions, where additional 27.27% of residual oil (Sor) was recovered. This confirmed the potential of SPLs for applications in microbial enhanced oil recovery.
Reactions of nido-6-SB9H11 with imines. Structural characterization of endo-9-((tert-Bu)MeC:NH)-arachno-6-SB9H11 (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of nido-6-SB9H11 with imines. Structural characterization of endo-9-((tert-Bu)MeC:NH)-arachno-6-SB9H11Stefan Kuepper, Patrick J. Carroll, and Larry G. SneddonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 24, 4921–4925Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00050a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00050a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A Coactivation Strategy in Anticipatory Postural Adjustments in Persons with Down Syndrome (1997)

The hypothesis that persons with Down syndrome are likely to trade mechanical efficacy of motor patterns for safety was tested in a study of postural adjustments associated with fast voluntary movements. Control subjects and subjects with Down syndrome performed bilateral shoulder flexion and extension movements “as fast as possible” while standing on a force platform. Anticipatory changes in the background activity of postural muscles were seen in both groups of subjects. Subjects with Down syndrome demonstrated simultaneous EMG bursts in postural “agonist-antagonist” pairs. Subjects with Down syndrome also demonstrated patterns of deviations in the major postural joints, suggesting that they were using a different strategy which may be a correlate of “clumsiness.” It was concluded that practice in conditions of changing components of a motor task is the most promising way to encourage the central nervous system of persons with Down syndrome to search for alternative strategies and improve these individuals' ability to solve everyday motor problems.
Analyze and Control of Near-Wake Flow on a Simplified Car Geometry (2006)

A 3D numerical simulation, based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method is carried out on a rectangular body (initially proposed by Ahmed [1]) to analyze the influence of blowing devices on the near-wake flow of a generic blunt body model. First, the results obtained without control are compared with experimental data from the literature. An open loop flow control strategy is then applied by setting blowing slots around the periphery of the body base. The blowing velocity is set to 1.5 V0, V0 being the upstream velocity. The resulting aerodynamic drag reduction is then analyzed by studying velocity, vorticity and total pressure loss distributions in the near-wake flow. Typical results show that a 29% drag reduction is obtained at a blowing angle of θ = 45° with respect to the base surface. Blowing jets are analogous to separated longitudinal fluidic elements which permit to reduce the transversal wake section by inclining the streamlines in the near-wake flow. The momentum introduced into the flow leads to a reduction in the wake total pressure loss and an increase in the base static pressure distribution. Finally, a parametric analysis is conducted on the blowing velocities in order to optimize the efficiency of the chosen control strategy, i.e. to minimize the ratio between the energy used to generate the jets and the energy saved through aerodynamic drag reduction.
Predictors of outcome after endovascular treatment of cerebral vasospasm. (2005)

Advanced age and poor clinical status at the time of SAH onset are predictive of poor clinical outcome despite endovascular treatment with angioplasty or intra-arterial papaverine in patients with symptomatic vasospasm.
Comparative Study of Photovoltaic and Photoconductive Detection Methods for Liquid-Phase Photoionization (1994)

The photovoltaic method for the detection of liquid-phase photoionization in the absence of an applied electric field is compared to the traditional photoconductive method. Each system is characterized by means of signal and signal-to-noise ratio measurements with respect to laser pulse energy, applied voltage, electrode separation distance, solute concentration, and solvent composition. Although both techniques exhibit similar detection limits (1 × 10 −7 M) for solutes in polar solvents such as methanol and water, the photovoltaic technique has a more extensive linear dynamic range (10 3 ). Moreover, this technique allows detection of solutes in ionic solutions with comparable detectability and linearity.
The skin protective effects of compound K, a metabolite of ginsenoside Rb1 from Panax ginseng (2017)

Our data showed that CK has antiaging and hydrating effects. We suggest that CK could be used in cosmetic products to protect the skin from UVB rays and increase skin moisture level.
End‐group modification of poly(butyl acrylate) prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization: Mechanistic study using gradient polymer elution chromatography (2002)

Abstract The introduction of a functional group into a poly(butyl acrylate) polymer prepared by copper‐mediated atom transfer radical polymerization and the characterization of the prepared polymer by gradient polymer elution chromatography are reported. The bromo end group of the initial polymer can be transformed into a different functional group with several functionalization reactions, including nucleophilic substitution and atom transfer radical addition (ATRA), in combination with comonomers, addition–fragmentation transfer agents, or stable radicals. Several new functionalization agents are reported, including ATRA using 1‐(3‐hydroxymethyl‐phenyl)‐pyrrole‐2,5‐dione and trimethyl{1‐[4‐(2‐trimethylsiloxyethoxy)]phenylethenyloxy}silane and nucleophilic substitution using 2‐mercapto ethanol. The rate constant of the functionalization reaction and the final functionality are determined with gradient polymer elution chromatography, a technique by which qualitative and quantitative information about the conversion can be obtained. Polymers with a functionality greater than 95% are reported. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 2350–2359, 2002
An Instantaneous CCN Spectrometer (1989)

A thermal gradient diffusion cloud chamber with a supersaturation field that increases along the path of the flow of sample is used as a cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) spectrometer. The CCN spectrum is derived from the final droplet size distribution which has been determined to be related to the nucleus critical super-saturation based on routine calibration procedures using laboratory-produced monodisperse salt particles. The instrument is compared against a previously reported CCN counter on natural and laboratory-produced aerosol and against an absolute CN counter on the monodisperse aerosol. Preliminary results of atmospheric measurements are given. This device produces a CCN spectrum over the entire useful range of interest for cloud physics (0.01% to 1% supersaturation). More than 40 channels of resolution over this range are simultaneously provided. Data can be collected on a continuous basis for integration times as short as 2 seconds. The instrument has obtained data from four different airborne platforms as well as from a mobile surface platform. The number of channels allows the CCN spectrum to be displayed differentially instead of the usual cumulative display traditionally used in cloud physics.
Radiofrequency Electric-Field Interactions with Purified Metallic and Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Applications in Non-Invasive Cancer Hyperthermia (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Synthesis and characterization of novel photopolymerizable multifunctional 2‐propenyl ether analogues (1993)

Abstract Monomers bearing two, three, four, and six cationically polymerizable aryl 2‐propenyl groups were synthesized and characterized. These compounds can be readily prepared by the catalytic isomerization of the corresponding allyl compounds. Strong bases and tris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) dichloride were used as the catalysts for these isomerizations. A study of the cationic photopolymerizations of these novel monomers was carried out using a diaryliodonium salt photoinitiator. The polymerization involves a stepwise condensation of the monomers followed by an intramolecular ring closure to form polyindanes. The resulting photopolymerized polymers underwent thermal oxidative decomposition at temperatures over 430°C. © 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Isolation of deacetoxycephalosporin C from fermentation broths of Penicillium chrysogenum transformants : construction of a new fungal biosynthetic pathway (1992)

Deacetoxycephalosporin C (DAOC), a precursor of cephalosporins excreted by Cephalosporium and Streptomyces species, has been produced in Penicillium chrysogenum transformed with DNA containing a hybrid penicillin N expandase gene (cefEh) and a hybrid isopenicillin N epimerase gene (cefDh). DAOC from a P. chrysogenum transformant was identified by ultraviolet light (UV), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrum analyses. P. chrysogenum transformed with DNA containing cefEh without cefDh did not produce DAOC. Untransformed P. chrysogenum produced penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin) but not DAOC. Transformants also produced penicillin V but, in general, less than untransformed P. chrysogenum. The cefEh and cefDh genes were constructed by replacing the open reading frame (ORF) of cloned P. chrysogenum pcbC and penDE genes with the ORF of the Streptomyces clavuligerus expandase gene, cefE, and the ORF of the Streptomyces lipmanii epimerase gene, cefD, respectively. Analyses of representative transformants suggested that production of DAOC occurred via cefEh and cefDh genes stably integrated in the P. chrysogenum genome. DNA from untransformed P. chrysogenum did not hybridize to cefE or cefD gene probes.