gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Alemtuzumab (CAMPATH 1-H) in patients with inclusion-body myositis (2009)

Sporadic inclusion-body myositis (sIBM) is the most common disabling, adult-onset, inflammatory myopathy histologically characterized by intense inflammation and vacuolar degeneration. In spite of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and persistent, clonally expanded and antigen-driven endomysial T cells, the disease is resistant to immunotherapies. Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that causes an immediate depletion or severe reduction of peripheral blood lymphocytes, lasting at least 6 months. We designed a proof-of-principle study to examine if one series of Alemtuzumab infusions in sIBM patients depletes not only peripheral blood lymphocytes but also endomysial T cells and alters the natural course of the disease. Thirteen sIBM patients with established 12-month natural history data received 0.3 mg/kg/day Alemtuzumab for 4 days. The study was powered to capture > or =10% increase strength 6 months after treatment. The primary end-point was disease stabilization compared to natural history, assessed by bi-monthly Quantitative Muscle Strength Testing and Medical Research Council strength measurements. Lymphocytes and T cell subsets were monitored concurrently in the blood and the repeated muscle biopsies. Alterations in the mRNA expression of inflammatory, stressor and degeneration-associated molecules were examined in the repeated biopsies. During a 12-month observation period, the patients' total strength had declined by a mean of 14.9% based on Quantitative Muscle Strength Testing. Six months after therapy, the overall decline was only 1.9% (P < 0.002), corresponding to a 13% differential gain. Among those patients, four improved by a mean of 10% and six reported improved performance of daily activities. The benefit was more evident by the Medical Research Council scales, which demonstrated a decline in the total scores by 13.8% during the observation period but an improvement by 11.4% (P < 0.001) after 6 months, reaching the level of strength recorded 12 months earlier. Depletion of peripheral blood lymphocytes, including the naive and memory CD8+ cells, was noted 2 weeks after treatment and persisted up to 6 months. The effector CD45RA(+)CD62L(-) cells, however, started to increase 2 months after therapy and peaked by the 4th month. Repeated muscle biopsies showed reduction of CD3 lymphocytes by a mean of 50% (P < 0.008), most prominent in the improved patients, and reduced mRNA expression of stressor molecules Fas, Mip-1a and alphaB-crystallin; the mRNA of desmin, a regeneration-associated molecule, increased. This proof-of-principle study provides insights into the pathogenesis of inclusion-body myositis and concludes that in sIBM one series of Alemtuzumab infusions can slow down disease progression up to 6 months, improve the strength of some patients, and reduce endomysial inflammation and stressor molecules. These encouraging results, the first in sIBM, warrant a future study with repeated infusions
Unusual Stereochemistry of Esterification of Uridine 3′-H-Phosphonothioate (2011)

Abstract According to 31P-NMR correlation analysis, reactive derivatives of uridine 3′-H-phosphonothioate react with O-nucleophiles, probably with retention of configuration.
Synthesis of 3-Substituted Coumarins. Part I. (1971)

A number of 3-amino and 3-hydroxy coumarins with various substituents in the benzene ring have been synthesised with a view to studying their bactereostatic and fungistatic properties.
In situ immune complex formation within the uvea. Potential role of cationic antibody. (1987)

A murine model has been developed to study the role of immunoglobulin charge in the regulation of the intraocular distribution of circulating IgG antibodies. Intravenously injected cationic antibodies to the tracer enzyme horseradish peroxidase bind within the ciliary body and choroid (CB/Ch). These cationic antibodies can selectively entrap and bind circulating antigens forming immune complexes (IC) within the uveal tissues. The structure of the uvea with its fenestrated CB/Ch capillaries and fixed anionic sites (within Bruch's membrane and the stroma of the CB and processes) may predispose the CB/Ch to in situ IC formation. Local IC formation mediated initially by deposition of cationic antibodies within the uvea may play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of some forms of uveitis.
Analytical Pipeline for Discovery and Verification of Glycoproteins from Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Breast Cancer Biomarkers (2018)

Glycoproteins comprise more than half of current FDA-approved protein cancer markers, but the development of new glycoproteins as disease biomarkers has been stagnant. Here we present a pipeline to develop glycoproteins from extracellular vesicles (EVs) through integrating quantitative glycoproteomics with a novel reverse phase glycoprotein array and then apply it to identify novel biomarkers for breast cancer. EV glycoproteomics show promise in circumventing the problems plaguing current serum/plasma glycoproteomics and allowed us to identify hundreds of glycoproteins that have not been identified in blood. We identified 1,453 unique glycopeptides representing 556 glycoproteins in EVs, among which 20 were verified significantly higher in individual breast cancer patients. We further applied a novel glyco-specific reverse phase protein array to quantify a subset of the candidates. Together, this study demonstrates the great potential of this integrated pipeline for biomarker discovery.
Abstract 15211: Cardiac MRI Structural and Functional Predictors of LVEF Recovery Following PVC Catheter Ablation (2019)

Introduction: Frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) have been shown to induce cardiomyopathy. We sought to use cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to accurately quantify changes i...
Viability and function in primary culture of adult hepatocytes from various animal species and human beings after cryopreservation (1993)

Cryopreserved hepatocytes from various animal species and human beings were tested for their ability to survive and function in primary culture. The freeze/thaw protocol primarily designed for rat hepatocytes was used with slight modifications for the cells of all other species; it consisted of suspending parenchymal cells in the Leibovitz L15 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum and 10% to 16% dimethyl sulfoxide. After transient storage at 4 degrees C cell suspensions were transferred to -20 degrees C and then to -70 degrees C before being plunged in liquid nitrogen. Hepatocytes were stored for a few weeks to 4 yr. Prolonged storage did not augment loss of cell viability and function. Cell viability after thawing was estimated by the trypan blue exclusion test, and attachment efficiency to plastic was estimated by measuring intracellular lactate dehydrogenase content. Similar values were obtained for most species tested; after cryopreservation cell viability and attachment were decreased by 10% to 25% and by 40% to 50%, respectively. A lower attachment rate was found with dog hepatocytes. Total cytochrome P-450 and protein synthesis were compared in fresh and cryopreserved cells from four species after 4, 24, 48 or 72 hr of culture. Similar values were found in both cells after 24 or 48 hr of culture. In addition, drug-metabolizing activities were measured in human hepatocytes from five donors. In most cases phenacetin deethylation activity was decreased whereas procainamide N-acetylation and paracetamol sulfoconjugation and glucuronidation were increased in cryopreserved cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Design and implementation of a high-performance MPI for C# and the common language infrastructure (2008)

As high-performance computing enters the mainstream, parallel programming mechanisms (including the Message Passing Interface, or MPI) must be supported in new environments such as C# and the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI). Making effective use of MPI with the CLI requires an interface that reflects the high-level object-oriented nature of C# and that also supports its programming idioms. However, for performance reasons, this high-level functionality must ultimately be mapped to low-level native MPI libraries. In addition to abstraction penalty concerns, avoiding unwanted overhead in this mapping process is significantly complicated by the safety and portability features of the CLI virtual machine, such as garbage collection and just-in-time compilation. In this paper, we describe our approach to using features of C# and the CLI---such as reflection, unsafe code regions, and run-time code generation---to realize an elegant, yet highly efficient, C# interface to MPI. Experimental results demonstrate that there is no appreciable overhead introduced by our approach when compared to the native MS-MPI library.
Synthesis of caffeic acid molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres and HPLC evaluation of their sorption properties (2011)

In the current work, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) has been synthesised and used to enable the extraction of a naturally-occurring antioxidant from complex media. More specifically, we describe the first example of a caffeic acid (CA) MIP which has been synthesised in the form of well-defined polymer microspheres, and its use for the extraction of CA from fruit juice sample. The CA MIP was synthesised by precipitation polymerisation using 4-vinylpyridine as functional monomer, divinylbenzene-80 as crosslinker and acetonitrile:toluene (75/25, v/v) as porogen. The particle sizing and morphological characterisation of the polymers was carried out by means of scanning electron microscopy (narrow particle size distribution; ∼5 and 1.5 μm particle diameters for the MIP and NIP [non-imprinted polymer], respectively) and nitrogen sorption porosimetry (specific surface areas of 340 and 350 m(2)g(-1), and specific pore volumes of 0.17 and 0.19 cm(3)g(-1) for the MIP and NIP, respectively). The polymers were evaluated further by batch rebinding experiments, and from the derived isotherms their binding capacity and binding strength were determined (number of binding sites (N(K))=0.6 and 0.3 mmol g(-1) for the MIP and NIP, respectively, and apparent average adsorption constant (K(N))=10.0 and 1.6L mmol(-1) for the MIP and NIP, respectively). To evaluate the molecular recognition character of the MIP it was packed into a stainless steel column (50 mm × 4.6 mm i.d.) and evaluated as an HPLC-stationary phase. The mobile phase composition, flow rate, and the elution profile were then optimised in order to improve the peak shape without negatively affecting the imprinting factor (IF). Very interesting, promising properties were revealed. The imprinting factor (IF) under the optimised conditions was 11.9. Finally, when the imprinted LC column was used for the selective recognition of CA over eight related compounds, very good selectivity was obtained. This outcome enabled the direct extraction of CA in commercial apple juice samples with recoveries in excess of 81% and, rather significantly, without any need for a clean-up step prior to the extraction.
Reactive oxygen species in leaf abscission signaling (2008)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in response to many environmental stresses, such as UV, chilling, salt and pathogen attack. These stresses also accompany leaf abscission in some plants, however, the relationship between these stresses and abscission is poorly understood. In our recent report, we developed an in vitro abscission system that reproduces stress-induced pepper leaf abscission in planta. Using this system, we demonstrated that continuous production of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is involved in leaf abscission signaling. Continuous H(2)O(2) production is required to induce expression of the cell wall-degrading enzyme, cellulase and functions downstream of ethylene in abscission signaling. Furthermore, enhanced production of H(2)O(2) occurs at the execution phase of abscission, suggesting that H(2)O(2) also plays a role in the cell-wall degradation process. These data suggest that H(2)O(2) has several roles in leaf abscission signaling. Here, we propose a model for these roles.
[Combined midazolam-ketamine anesthesia in traumatologic interventions. Patterns of endocrine reactions]. (1988)

For anesthesia, ataranalgesic combinations of benzodiazepines and ketamine have been reported to be advantageous alternatives to inhalation agents or high-dose opioids. In this study, the influence of midazolam-ketamine-N2O/O2 anesthesia on the endocrine metabolic response of patients during the course of reconstructive orthopedic surgery (n = 8) was investigated. METHODS. The dosage of anesthetic agents was calculated according to body weight. Thus, the amount of ketamine given in young adults (mean age = 24.1 years) was 30 micrograms/kg per minute. Pre-, intra-, and postoperatively, each of following hormones was measured by either radioimmunoassay or radioenzyme-linked assay: ACTH, aldosterone, cortisol, 17-dehydroepiandrosterone (17-DHEA), prolactin, insulin, T3, T4, thyroxine-binding globulin (TGB), epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Additionally, the metabolites glucose, lactate, and free glycerin were measured perioperatively. RESULTS and CONCLUSION. The circulation remained relatively stable under midazolam-ketamine-N2O/O2 anesthesia (MAP +23%; HR +17%). ACTH secretion and prolactin secretion showed a significant rise (p less than 0.01) even before skin incision (Figs. 1, 3). A significant rise in cortisol levels occurred intraoperatively (+80%; p less than 0.01). Secretion of aldosterone (+246%; p less than 0.05) and 17-DHEA (+49%; p less than 0.05) essentially followed the secretory profile of cortisol, while insulin secretion did not rise significantly under acute surgical stress (Fig. 4).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Baseline TGF-β correlates with protection after immunization with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites in the controlled human malaria infection model (2023)

Baseline TGF-β concentrations predict the efficiency of acquisition of sterile immunity following sporozoite immunization and may represent a steady-state regulatory mechanism to keep in check immune systems with a low threshold for activation.
100G Ethernet A Review of Serial Transport Options (2007)

We review recently demonstrated options for serial transport technologies at 100 Gb/s, including binary, multi-level, and coherently detected polarization-multiplexed formats.
CD8hi+CD57+ T lymphocytes are enriched in antigen-specific T cells capable of down-modulating cytotoxic activity (1998)

Major expansions of CD8hi+CD57+ T lymphocytes frequently occur during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and after transplantation. To investigate mechanisms of such cell expansion, we compared the activation and functional status of CD8hi+CD57+ and CD57-peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from normal, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and HIV+ donors. The CD8hi+CD57+ PBL from BMT and HIV+ donors preferentially displayed CD38 and HLA-DR activation markers without correlation between CD8hi+CD57+ percentages and HIV load, the CD45RA+ isoform in all ex vivo conditions but acquired CD45RO after in vitro expansion, CD11b and CD11c in BMT and HIV+ donors but decreased expression of CD62-L, VLA-2 and VLA-6. The CD8hi+CD57+ cells were positive for perforin and granzyme B and spontaneously mediated cytolytic activity in a CD3-redirected assay. In contrast the inhibitor of cytolytic functions (ICF) produced by CD8hi+CD57+ cells down-modulated the CD3-redirected cytolytic activity but only at low levels of CD3 cross-linking. While CD3-triggering induced a low, if any, short-term proliferation of CD8+CD57+ cells, this subset could be amplified after long-term stimulation either with mitogens or with HIV antigens, thereby enriched in HIV-specific T cells producing tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Altogether these data suggest that CD8hi+CD57+ cells represent a terminal differentiation state of activated effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes which are enriched in antigen-specific T cells and down-modulate their own cytolytic potential, thus participating in a negative control of effector cell functions during persistent viral infections or transplantations.
Comparative analysis of alternative means for removing noncondensable gases from flashed-steam geothermal power plants (2000)

This is a final report on a screening study to compare six methods of removing noncondensable gases from direct-use geothermal steam power plants. This report defines the study methodologies and compares the performance and economics of selected gas-removal systems. Recommendations are presented for follow-up investigations and implementation of some of the technologies discussed. The specific gas-removal methods include five vacuum system configurations using the conventional approach of evacuating gas/vapor mixtures from the power plant condenser system and a system for physical separation of steam and gases upstream of the power turbine. The study focused on flashed-steam applications, but the results apply equally well to flashed-steam and dry-steam geothermal power plant configurations. Two gas-removal options appear to offer profitable economic potential. The hybrid vacuum system configurations and the reboiler process yield positive net present value results over wide-ranging gas concentrations. The hybrid options look favorable for both low-temperature and high-temperature resource applications. The reboiler looks profitable for low-temperature resource applications for gas levels above about 20,000 parts per million by volume. A vacuum system configuration using a three-stage turbocompressor battery may be profitable for low-temperature resources, but results show that the hybrid system is more profitable. The biphase eductor alternative cannot be recommended for commercialization at this time.
Syntheses of polymerizable hydroquinone derivatives (1976)

Abstract Several polymerizable hydroquinone derivatives were prepared by the Williamson synthesis. Thus, hydroquinone mono( p ‐vinylbenzyl) ether (III‐1), hydroquinone methyl p ‐vinylbenzyl ether (III‐4), and hydroquinone benzyl p ‐vinylbenzyl ether (III‐5), tert ‐butylhydroquinone mono( p ‐vinylbenzyl) ether (III‐2), and 2,5‐di‐ tert ‐butylhydroquinone mono( p ‐vinylbenzyl) ether (III‐3) were synthesized by the reactions of p ‐chloromethylstyrene with the corresponding hydroquinone derivatives in alcoholic potassium hydroxide or with their potassium salts in dipolar aprotic solvents. All monomers were found to polymerize by free‐radical initiation except III‐3, which required a cationic initiator.
Oriented Growth of Semiconductors. III. Growth of Gallium Arsenide on Germanium (1966)

Gallium arsenide has been grown on germanium using arsenic trichloride and gallium. With optimum growth conditions the epitaxial layers have properties close to those of good-quality bulk crystals. Comparison between epitaxial and bulk crystals is made in terms of the widths of the x-ray rocking curves and of the properties of p-n junctions formed within the epitaxial layer.
Multiuser Communication with Adaptive Time Reversal Under Doppler Effect (2018)

In underwater acoustic communication, the effect of transmitter movement is very large owing to the low acoustic propagation speed, and the frequency shifts due to Doppler effect have different values depending on the propagation angle of each multipath. These problems are critical to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) which is a widely used, representative method. In the meantime, by passive time reversal (PTR), different frequency shifts are converged to one frequency shift by wave focusing in signal processing. In this study, it is confirmed that this advantageous characteristic is not lost in multiuser communication using adaptive PTR, which is an enhanced version of time reversal for spatial division multiplexing (SDM). At-sea experiments for multiuser communication with two transmitters, one of which was a moving transmitter, were carried out. As a result, it was demonstrated that adaptive PTR enables multiuser communication independently of the velocity of the moving transmitter even under multiuser interference.
Increased expression of distinct galectins in multiple sclerosis lesions (2011)

This study provides a detailed analysis of galectins in MS lesions and assigns distinct galectins to different aspects of the disease. Thus, besides being known as modulators of inflammatory processes, our findings suggest additional association of distinct galectins with MS pathology.
An evaluation of adaptive beamformer based on average speech spectrum for noisy speech recognition (2003)

Distant-talking speech recognition in noisy environments is indispensable for self-moving robots or tele-conference systems. However, background noise and room reverberations seriously degrade the sound-capture quality in real acoustic environments. A microphone array is an ideal candidate as an effective method for capturing distant-talking speech. AMNOR (adaptive microphone-array for noise reduction) was proposed as an adaptive beamformer for capturing the desired distant signals in noisy environments by Kaneda et al. Although the AMNOR has been proven effective, it can be further improved if we know spectrum characteristics of the desired distant signals in advance. Therefore, we regarded speech as a desired distant signal and designed an AMNOR based on the average speech spectrum. In this paper, we particularly focused on the performance of AMNOR based on the average speech spectrum for distant-talking speech capture and recognition. As a result of evaluation experiments in real acoustic environments, we confirmed that the ASR (automatic speech recognition) performance was improved 5-10% by using AMNOR based on the average speech spectrum in noisy environments. In addition, the proposed AMNOR provides better noise reduction performance than that of conventional AMNOR.
Adipocyte miR-200b/a/429 ablation in mice leads to high-fat-diet-induced obesity (2016)

Growing evidence demonstrates the important role of microRNAs (miRs) in regulating adipogenesis, obesity and insulin resistance. The miR-200b/a/429 cluster has been functionally characterized in mammalian reproduction; however, the potential role of the miR-200 family in adipocytes is poorly understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the physiological function of miR-200b/a/429 in the regulation of whole-body metabolism in terms of the activities and targets of this cluster in adipocytes. We generated adipocyte-specific miR-200b/a/429 knockout (ASKO) mice using a Cre-loxP system in which Cre expression was driven by the aP2 promoter. The ASKO and wild type (WT) littermate were fed a chow diet (CD) or high-fat-diet (HFD), and changes in body composition, metabolic parameters, energy homeostasis, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were analyzed. The miR-200b/a/429 putative target genes were predicted and validated via luciferase reporter assays. We found that the HFD-fed ASKO mice gradually gained more body weight than the WT mice due to the increased adiposity. Decreased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were also observed in the HFD-fed ASKO mice. Notably, the down-regulation of lipolysis-related genes and the decreased response to CL-316,243 stimulation in the HFD-fed ASKO mice suggested that these animals exhibited impaired lipolysis. In addition, the HFD-fed ASKO mice displayed impaired energy expenditure, indicating that the miR-200b/a/429 cluster is essential for developing adaptive responses to stressors such as HFD. For the first time, our studies demonstrated the essential role of miR-200b/a/429 in adipocytes in the regulation of HFD-induced whole-body metabolic changes.