gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glucose homeostasis influences the risk of incident knee osteoarthritis: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative (2017)

We aimed to determine if serum measures of impaired glucose homeostasis (glucose concentrations or glycated serum protein, GSP) or systemic inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, CRP) are related to incident typical knee osteoarthritis (KOA) or incident accelerated KOA. We conducted a case-control study using the Osteoarthritis Initiative's baseline and first four annual visits. All participants had no radiographic KOA at baseline (Kellgren-Lawrence [KL] < 2). We classified three groups: (i) incident accelerated KOA: >1 knee developed advance-stage KOA (KL Grade 3 or 4) within 48 months; (ii) incident typical KOA: > 1 knee increased in radiographic scoring within 48 months (excluding those with accelerated KOA); and (iii) No KOA: no change in KL grade by 48 months. We matched on sex. A laboratory blinded to group assignment used baseline serum samples to conduct assays for CRP, GSP, and glucose. Due to nonlinear relationships, we used three piece-wise multinomial logistic regression models to determine if baseline CRP, GSP, or glucose were associated with incident typical KOA or accelerated KOA compared with no KOA. We adjusted for age, body mass index, and sex. We analyzed 54 adults/group. Lower and higher GSP concentrations were associated with incident typical KOA compared with adults with concentrations (log) closer to 5.7 (lnGSp < 5.7: OR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.08-0.93; lnGSp > 5.7: OR = 3.21, 95%CI = 1.07-9.62). Glucose, GSP, and CRP were not significantly associated with incident accelerated KOA. Glucose homeostasis may predict individuals at risk of incident typical KOA but not accelerated KOA, which may indicate accelerated KOA is a distinct disorder from typical KOA. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2282-2287, 2017.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of aldose reductase expression in collecting duct carcinoma for differential diagnosis from other renal malignancy. (2014)

483 Background: Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) is a rare tumor but its recognition is important for the prediction of prognosis and decision making of the treatment. However, its diagnosis is challenging because of versatility of pathological features. We explored the possibility whether aldose reductase (AR), osmoregulatory protein and abundant in renal medulla, can be used as a marker for the pathologic diagnosis of CDC. Methods: We prepared anti-AR monoclonal antibodies, examined expression of AR protein in the human normal kidney. Immunohistochemical expressions of AR, 34bE12, a-methyl CoA racemase (AMACR) and expressions of lectins (Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1; UEA-1 and peanut agglutinin; PNA) were examined on normal kidney, 12 cases of CDC, 10 cases of papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC), and 10 cases of invasive urothelial carcinoma (iUC). Results: AR expression distributed preferentially in the renal medulla and not in the cortex, reflected by its high concentration in medulla (2.12 ±1.35 μg/mg) compared with cortex (0.13 ± 0.03 μg/mg). Immunohistochemically, AR was strongly positive in 9 of 12 CDC cases. AR was negative in cases of either iUC or pRCC. In contrast, although lectins were positive in all cases of CDC, they were also found in all types of malignancy. iUC was positive for 34bE12 in all cases but also so in some cases of CDC and pRCC. AMACR was positive for all the cases of pRCC but also positive for other tumors. Conclusions: Compared with other markers, AR may be a more specific and potentially useful marker for CDC. [Table: see text]
Giving Voice to the Wild: The Rhetorical Legacy of Sigurd Olson and The Singing Wilderness (2007)

In this study I will examine Olson‘s first and most notable work, The Singing Wilderness, published in 1956. This book became a standard work of the period, it established Olson as a national leader among American conservationists, and most significantly, it served as a rhetorical blueprint for others who were greatly inspired by Olson‘s personal quest to understand the natural world on its own terms. In this essay, I will describe Olson‘s status among scholars and provide a biographical overview of significant events in his life. Next I will analyze The Singing Wilderness as a rhetorical text which established Olson‘s reputations among American conservationists. Finally I will discuss Olson‘s contributions to the emerging environmental movement of the 1960s and 1970s. I believe that Sigurd Olson is a major prophet of the environmentalist crusade and that The Singing Wilderness must be remembered by scholars who seek a complete rhetorical history of the American environmental movement.
Application of microsatellite DNA markers to discriminate between maternal and genetic effects on scalation and behavior in multiply-sired garter snake litters (2001)

Incomplete knowledge of pedigrees sometimes limits the methods of estimating quantitative genetic parameters (heritability, genetic correlation) in nature and may result in estimates that are inflated by nongenetic sources of variation. North American garter snakes and their allies provide a model system for investigating evolutionary quantitative genetics, but estimates of quantitative genetic parameters in these snakes are mostly based on offspring-dam regression and full-sib analysis, methods that fail to discriminate between maternal genetic, maternal environmental, and direct genetic effects on traits of interest. Using data from the garter snake Thamnophis sirtalis, we demonstrate that microsatellite DNA markers can be used to identify full-sib sireships within litters in species that produce large numbers of offspring and in which multiple paternity is common. This allows estimation of quantitative genetic parameters using a maternal half-sib analysis in which sires are nested within dams. Six microsatellite DNA loci were scored for four wild-caught dams and their 73 offspring and revealed two full-sib sireships within each litter. Maternal half-sib analyses of scalation and behavior suggest that heritability may be lower and maternal effects larger than was previously thought.
Stable Equilibrium Rotor Positions for a Three-Phase Switched Reluctance Machine (2022)

In mobile applications, weight and installation space are the major limiting factors that affect the system efficiency and consequently the cruising range. Reusing the machine windings of an electric machine as inductors e.g. in dc-dc converters of onboard chargers allows saving weight and space. However, currents in the machine windings due to the operation as a dc-dc converter can result in undesired torque produced by the machine. Therefore, stable rotor positions have to be found to prevent the machine from rotating in dc-dc operation. Rotor positions that are stable for a wide range of current distributions are determined, allowing flexibility in the choice of currents. In this paper, a method to analyze stable equilibrium positions for switched reluctance motors is presented. This method is used to determine the stable positions that allow flexible current distribution between phases. Additionally, locus curves, which are calculated, simulated and measured, illustrate and help to eval-uate the stable positions for these various current distributions.
Gratings fabrication by ultraviolet light imprinting and embossing in a sol-gel silica glass (1996)

We present simple, low temperature methods for inexpensive fabrication of gratings in a photosensitive, organically modified silicate (ORMOSIL) system for integrated optical applications. The material is prepared by the sol-gel method. Gratings are made by UV imprinting through a mask and by an embossing technique. In the first case, UV exposure induces a refractive index change of (Delta) n equals 0.005 in the film and results in an index modulation type grating. Relief type gratings are made by mechanical embossing. Gratings are compared and characterized in terms of diffraction efficiency and grating period.
Hydroxychloroquine reduces heart rate by modulating the hyperpolarization-activated current If: Novel electrophysiological insights and therapeutic potential (2015)

We have shown that HCQ acts as a bradycardic agent in SAN cells, in atrial preparations, and in vivo. HCQ slows the rate of spontaneous action potential firing in the SAN through multichannel inhibition, including that of If.
Lysophosphatidic acid enhances interleukin-13 gene expression and promoter activity in T cells (2005)

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a membrane-derived lysophospholipid with wide-ranging effects on multiple lung cells including airway epithelial and smooth muscle cells. LPA can augment migration and cytokine synthesis in lymphocytes, but its potential effects on Th2 cytokines have not been well studied. We examined the effects of physiological concentrations of LPA on IL-13 gene expression in human T cells. The Jurkat T cell line and human peripheral blood CD4+ T cells were incubated with LPA alone or with 1) pharmacological agonists of different signaling pathways, or 2) antibodies directed against the T cell receptor complex and costimulatory molecules. Luciferase-based reporter constructs driven by different lengths of the human IL-13 promoter were transfected by electroporation in Jurkat cells treated with and without LPA. The effects of LPA on IL-13 mRNA stability were examined using actinomycin D to halt ongoing transcription. Expression of mRNA encoding LPA2 and LPP-1 increased with T cell activation. LPA augmented IL-13 secretion under conditions of submaximal T cell activation. This was observed using pharmacological agonists activating intracellular calcium-, PKC-, and cAMP-dependent signaling pathways, as well as antibodies directed against CD3 and CD28. LPA only slightly prolonged IL-13 mRNA half-life in submaximally stimulated Jurkat cells. In contrast, LPA significantly enhanced transcriptional activation of the IL-13 promoter via regulatory elements contained within proximal 312 bp. The effects of LPA on IL-13 promoter activation appeared to be distinct from those mediated by GATA-3. LPA can augment IL-13 gene expression in T cells, especially under conditions of submaximal activation.
Neuropsychological Profile of Lifetime Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Veterans (2016)

The neuropsychological profile of lifetime TBI in older Veterans is characterized by slowed processing speed and executive dysfunction, especially among those with greater injury burden. This pattern may reflect long-standing deficits or a TBI-associated cognitive decline process distinct from Alzheimer's disease. (JINS, 2017, 23, 56-64).
Proliferation and migration of primordial germ cells during compensatory growth in mouse embryos (1981)

ABSTRACT Primitive-streak-stage mouse embryos were treated with Mitomycin C injected intraperitoneally into pregnant females at 6·75–7·0 days post coitum. The newborn mice developed poorly and mortality was high during the suckling period. Many weaned survivors showed impaired fertility and poor breeding performance. Histological examination revealed a paucity of germ cells in the adult gonads. The deficiency was mainly caused by a severe reduction of the primordial germ cell population in early embryonic life, which was not fully compensated for during the compensatory growth phase of the Mitomycin C-treated embryo. Also contributing to such impaired fertility were retarded migration of the primordial germ cells into the genital ridges, poor development of the foetal gonad and secondary loss of the germ cells during gametogenesis in males.
Towards in vivo applications of 111Ag perturbed angular correlation of γ-rays (PAC) spectroscopy (2022)

<sup>111</sup>Ag-perturbed angular correlation of γ-rays (PAC) spectroscopy provides information on the nuclear quadrupole interactions, and thereby on the local structure and dynamics of the silver ion binding site. Brownian rotational motion, i.e. rotational diffusion, of <sup>111</sup>Ag-labeled molecules will significantly affect the PAC spectra. Here we illustrate this effect, by simulating <sup>111</sup>Ag PAC spectra for <sup>111</sup>Ag-labeled molecules with molecular masses spanning from 10<sup>2</sup> to 10<sup>6</sup> g/mol, reflecting a span from fast (small molecules) to slow (large molecules) rotational diffusion on the PAC time scale. The simulated spectra are compared to <sup>111</sup>Ag-PAC data obtained from a pilot study involving <sup>111</sup>Ag(I) bound to a designed chelator exhibiting fast reorientation in solution, as well as to <sup>111</sup>Ag-labeled species formed by <sup>111</sup>Ag(I) in human serum, exhibiting slow (or no) reorientation on the PAC time scale. The simulated and experimental data illustrate typical PAC signals that are likely to be observed in vivo, when following the fate of <sup>111</sup>Ag-labeled compounds. Potential in vivo applications are stability studies of <sup>111</sup>Ag-radiopharmaceuticals, dissociation studies of <sup>111</sup>Ag from the labeled molecule followed by binding to another (bio)molecule, or binding of <sup>111</sup>Ag-labeled probes to larger carriers such as proteins.
Rate-Diversity Optimal Multiblock Space-Time Codes via Sum-Rank Codes (2020)

Just as rank-metric or Gabidulin codes may be used to construct rate-diversity tradeoff optimal space-time codes, a recently introduced generalization for the sum-rank metric, linearized Reed-Solomon codes, accomplishes the same in the case of multiple fading blocks. We provide the first explicit construction of minimal-delay rate-diversity optimal multiblock space-time codes as an application of linearized Reed-Solomon codes. We then demonstrate in simulation an example of a 2-block 2-by-2 code which, with a small performance penalty-less than 1 dB at a codeword error rate of 1e-4-matches the bit rate of a full diversity alternative while using a much smaller transmitted constellation. A stack decoder for this code is then suggested.
Investigation and Prediction of Stiffness Increase of Resilient Rail Pad due to Train and Environmental Load in High-Speed Railway (2015)

The rail pad stiffness is one of key design parameters of the track structure, affecting the load distribution along the rail and the dynamic behavior of the track. The rail pad stiffness, however, can be increased under accumulated train load and environmental load, i.e., temperature change, due to the nature of resilient rubber. This study investigates the causes and prediction model of the stiffness increase of the resilient rail pads used in the ballasted and concrete slab track in high-speed railway. For this purpose, in-situ rail pads were taken from several sites, and the static and dynamic stiffness was measured. Also, the repeated load test and accelerated heat aging test on new rail pads in the laboratory have been performed. Based on the test data, proposed is a mathematical model for predicting the increase of the rail pad stiffness according to passing tonnage and elevated temperature.
Sequential action of antibacterial effectors in Dictyostelium discoideum phagosomes (2022)

Mammalian professional phagocytic cells ingest and kill invading microorganisms and prevent the development of bacterial infections. Our understanding of the sequence of events that results in bacterial killing and permeabilization in phagosomes is still largely incomplete. In this study, we used the Dictyostelium discoideum amoeba as a model phagocyte to study the fate of the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae inside phagosomes. Our analysis distinguishes three consecutive phases: bacteria first lose their ability to divide (killing), then their cytosolic content is altered (permeabilization), and finally their DNA is degraded (digestion). Phagosomal acidification and production of free radicals are necessary for rapid killing, membrane-permeabilizing proteins BpiC and AlyL are required for efficient permeabilization. These results illustrate how a combination of genetic and microscopical tools can be used to finely dissect the molecular events leading to bacterial killing and permeabilization in a maturing phagosome.
Older Driver Performance across Six Naturalistic Studies (2021)

This study aggregated and analyzed naturalistic data from six NHTSA-sponsored studies to determine the extent older drivers’ scores on clinical measures were associated with ability to control their vehicles, including traffic control devices and maintaining proper lane position. Researchers also examined the association between the clinical measures and indices of driving exposure (total mileage and total driving time, exposure to high-speed and limited-access roadways, and other situations). Analyses of NHTSA on-road performance and naturalistic driving data explored whether participants with poorer driving skills were more likely to limit their overall driving (time or miles), avoid difficult conditions, or otherwise self-regulate. Researchers used the SHRP2 Naturalistic Driving Study, yielded findings suggesting significant differences in driver responses in crash and near-crash events tied to measures of both cognitive and physical function.
Monte Carlo Study on the Constraint Effect of YSZ Phase on Ni Sintering in Ni-YSZ Composite System (2013)

We present three-dimensional kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations based on Q-state Potts model in order to numerically predict the microstructural evolution of the Ni-YSZ composite system. By incorporating a new densification algorithm into a previous sintering modeling, we have successfully simulated the effect of the presence of rigid YSZ phase on Ni coarsening kinetics. We reveal that the growth of Ni particle is significantly suppressed when the volume fraction of YSZ phase increases or the particle size of YSZ phase decreases. This indicates that Zener pinning concept widely applied to polycrystalline materials is available for characterizing the particle growth behavior in cermet systems.
Photoactive electron donor–acceptor complex platform for Ni-mediated C(sp3)–C(sp2) bond formation (2021)

A dual photochemical/nickel-mediated decarboxylative strategy for the assembly of C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-C(sp<sup>2</sup>) linkages is disclosed. Under light irradiation at 390 nm, commercially available and inexpensive Hantzsch ester (HE) functions as a potent organic photoreductant to deliver catalytically active Ni(0) species through single-electron transfer (SET) manifolds. As part of its dual role, the Hantzsch ester effects a decarboxylative-based radical generation through electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex activation. This homogeneous, net-reductive platform bypasses the need for exogenous photocatalysts, stoichiometric metal reductants, and additives. Under this cross-electrophile paradigm, the coupling of diverse C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-centered radical architectures (including primary, secondary, stabilized benzylic, α-oxy, and α-amino systems) with (hetero)aryl bromides has been accomplished. The protocol proceeds under mild reaction conditions in the presence of sensitive functional groups and pharmaceutically relevant cores.
Recent progress in the macroscopic orientation of semiconducting polymers by floating film transfer method (2021)

Abstract Orienting semiconducting polymers (SCPs) using solution-processable techniques for organic electronic devices is essential for realizing a printable electronics device. Preparation of oriented films on liquid substrates and transferring on actual device substrate offers many advantages, including layer-by-layer coating, independent control of morphology, freedom to choose substrates, and device geometry. The floating films transfer method (FTM) has emerged as a unique method to prepare oriented films of SCP using solution processing. Here, we review recent progress in this method from the viewpoint of improvement in FTM to orient SCPs and their anisotropy in organic field effect transistors. In addition, the use of FTM films in sensing applications is also reviewed.
Standards and Specifications for Archival Materials (1979)

Article Standards and Specifications for Archival Materials was published on January 1, 1979 in the journal Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material (volume 3, issue 4).
Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Electroluminescence from Thiophene/Phenylene Co‐Oligomer‐Doped p‐bis(p‐Styrylstyryl)Benzene Crystals (2013)

Enhanced amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) properties are demonstrated in dye-doped organic solid-state crystals. Optically pumped ASE with a low threshold (3 μJ cm-2) is obtained from α,ω-di(biphenyl)-terthiophene (BP3T)-dopedp-bis(p-styrylstyryl)benzene crystals; ∼3 times lower than that of BP3T single crystals. The doped crystals show ambipolar charge-carrier transport, resulting in bright electroluminescence from the crystal edge under electrical pumping. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Untersuchungen zur Synthese von Polymethylmethacrylaten mit lateral angebundenen Chromophoren für langzeitstabile nichtlinear-optische Effekte (2019)

In dieser Arbeit wurde ein Synthesekonzept erstellt, mit dem es möglich ist Polymere mit langzeitstabilen nichtlinear-optischen Effekten darzustellen. Hierzu wurde mit Hilfe der Sonogashira-Kupplung auf Basis einer AA/BB-Polykondensation ein Donor-Akzeptor-substituiertes Poly-o-phenylenethinylen hergestellt und charakterisiert. Um NLO-Effekte zu nutzen, müssen die entsprechenden Chromophore in einem Wirtspolymer, wie zum Beispiel PMMA, molekulardispers gelöst und in einem elektrischen Feld gepolt werden. Da das synthetisierte Polymer nicht in PMMA löslich ist, wurde ein Konzept entwickelt, durch löslichkeitsvermittelnde oligo-MMA-Ketten, thermodynamische Verträglichkeit zu erzeugen.
Grapevine Protoplasts as a Transient Expression System for Comparison of Stilbene Synthase Genes Containing cGMP-Responsive Promoter Elements (1999)

A method for preparing elicitor-responsive protoplasts from grapevine cells kept in suspension culture was established. The protoplasts were employed in order to perform transient gene expression experiments produced by externally added plasmids. Using the gene coding for bacterial beta-glucuronidase as the reporter gene, the transient expression under the control of various promoters of stilbene synthase genes were analyzed. The elicitor-responsiveness of promoters from grapevine genes and heterologous promoters were assayed: the grapevine stilbene synthase gene VST-1 and pine stilbene synthase genes PST-1, PST-2 and PST-3. Compared to the expression effected by the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA-promoter, the stilbene synthase promoters caused a 2-5-fold increase in GUS-activity. Incubation of transformed protoplasts with fungal cell wall further stimulated the stilbene synthase promoters but not the 35S RNA-promoter. An even more pronounced differentiation between the promoters was observed when cGMP was included in the transient expression assays. Instead of treating transformed protoplasts with fungal cell wall we administered simultaneously cGMP and the plasmid to be tested. The cGMP-responsive increase was (a) specific concerning the nucleotide applied, (b) characteristic of grapevine protoplasts, and (c) not seen with shortened promoter-GUS constructs or GUS under the control of the 35S RNA-promoter. The highest cGMP-dependent response to stress was shown by the promoter of the grapevine stilbene synthase gene VST-1.