gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Small Increases in Insulin Inhibit Hepatic Glucose Production Solely Caused by an Effect on Glycogen Metabolism (2001)

Based on our earlier work, a 2.5-fold increase in insulin secretion should completely inhibit hepatic glucose production through the hormone's direct effect on hepatic glycogen metabolism. The aim of the present study was to test the accuracy of this prediction and to confirm that gluconeogenic flux, as measured by three independent techniques, was unaffected by the increase in insulin. A 40-min basal period was followed by a 180-min experimental period in which an increase in insulin was induced, with euglycemia maintained by peripheral glucose infusion. Arterial and hepatic sinusoidal insulin levels increased from 10 +/- 2 to 19 +/- 3 and 20 +/- 4 to 45 +/- 5 microU/ml, respectively. Net hepatic glucose output decreased rapidly from 1.90 +/- 0.13 to 0.23 +/- 0.16 mg. kg(-1). min(-1). Three methods of measuring gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis were used: 1) the hepatic arteriovenous difference technique (n = 8), 2) the [(14)C]phosphoenolpyruvate technique (n = 4), and 3) the (2)H(2)O technique (n = 4). The net hepatic glycogenolytic rate decreased from 1.72 +/- 0.20 to -0.28 +/- 0.15 mg. kg(-1). min(-1) (P < 0.05), whereas none of the above methods showed a significant change in hepatic gluconeogenic flux (rate of conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose-6-phosphate). These results indicate that liver glycogenolysis is acutely sensitive to small changes in plasma insulin, whereas gluconeogenic flux is not.
Hydrogen-radical-balanced steam oxidation for growing ultra-thin high-reliability gate oxide films (2002)

A unique oxidation technology has been developed, in which oxidation proceeds in competition with reduction by active hydrogen. Active hydrogen in the oxidizing ambient immediately attacks weak spots formed in the oxide in the midst of oxidation processes, allowing only high-integrity oxide to survive and grow. In order to preserve a contamination-free Si-SiO/sub 2/ interface up to the start of oxidation, ultra clean chemical oxide is utilized as a passivation film. As a result, gate oxide films as thin as 5 nm featuring high breakdown fields and excellent endurance against charge injection have been obtained. The purpose of this paper is to report on the state-of-the-art ultra clean thermal oxidation technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
8-kA HTS current leads for 1.9 K test facility at KEK (2002)

A pair of 8 kA HTS current leads for an accelerator magnet test facility at KEK has been designed and fabricated. The HTS current lead is composed of a copper section in the high temperature region and a HTS section in the low temperature region. The copper section of the lead consists of copper wires bundled into a stainless steel pipe. The HTS section consists of 12 HTS tape units made by Bi2223/Ag-1 at% An tapes arrayed onto the outer surface of a stainless steel tube with a diameter of 54 mm. The whole length and the maximum diameter of the lead are 1465 mm and 71 mm, respectively. The entire length of the current lead is cooled with helium gas. The design heat load and the helium gas flow rate of the lead in a steady state 8 kA-operation are less than 0.2 W and 0.4 g/sec, respectively and temperatures of the high and low temperature ends of the HTS section under the condition are 50 K and 4.4 K, respectively. The thermal performance test was carried out, and the results agreed well with the calculated values. So, we verified the validity of the thermal analysis and design. The corresponding heat load is estimated to be 0.15 W. These values of 0.4 g/s and 0.15 W are only 89% and 1.5% of the conventional gas cooled current lead, respectively.
Imagerie laser (2011)

Nous élaborons une méthode originale dʼimagerie directe dʼun objet. Il sʼagit dʼune méthode de type dérivée topologique, destinée à inverser des mesures contenant lʼamplitude des ondes rétrodiffusées à la suite dʼilluminations laser.
Hull convexity defects features for human activity recognition (2010)

Activity recognition has been applied to many varied applications ranging from surveillance to medical analysis. Interpreting human actions is often a complex problem for computer vision. Actions can be classified through shape, motion or region based algorithms. While all have their distinct advantages, we consider a feature extraction approach using convexity defects. This algorithmic approach offers a unique method for identifying actions by extracting features from hull convexity defects. Specifically, we create a hull around the segmented silhouette of interest in which the regions that exist in the hull are recognized. A feature database is created through a dataset of features for multiple individuals. These feature points are registered between progressive frames and then normalized for analysis. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the feature points are classified to different poses. From there testing and training is performed to observe the classification into major human activities. This approach offers a robust and accurate method to identify actions and is invariant to size and human shape.
Metrics for Optimization of Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Observations of Stellar Variables and Transients (2016)

The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will be the largest time-domain photometric survey ever.In order to maximize the LSST science yield for a broad array of transient stellar phenomena, it is necessary to optimize the survey cadence, coverage, and depth via quantitative metrics that are specifically designed to characterize the timedomain behavior of various types of stellar transients.In this paper, we present three such metrics built on the LSST Metric Analysis Framework model.Two of the metrics quantify the ability of LSST to detect non-periodic and/or non-recurring transient events and the ability of LSST to reliably measure periodic signals of various timescales.The third metric provides a way to quantify the range of stellar parameters in the stellar populations that LSST will probe.We provide example uses of these metrics and discuss some implications based on these metrics for optimization of the LSST survey for observations of stellar variables and transients.
Abstract 16859: Does Glagov's Phenomenon Work in Reverse? A Preliminary Cardiovascular MRI Observation (2010)

Introduction: According to Glagov's phenomenon, the early stages of atherogenesis (stenosis <40%) are associated with positive remodeling of the outer arterial wall Resultsing in paradoxical preser...
Pyrophthalones as Blue Wavelength Absorbers in Thermoplastic Media (2011)

We have explored the utility of pyrophthalones as violet-blue light filtering dyes in polymer matrices for wavelengths below 450 nm. Further, we have investigated the photodegradation of these molecules in thermoplastic media and the mechanisms behind their degradation. Finally, a range of additives have been explored to improve the photostability of these molecules to achieve the desired performance.
Controlled copolymerization of 1‐octene and butyl methacrylate via RAFT and their nonisothermal model‐free thermokinetic decomposition study (2019)

ABSTRACT Reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization of 1‐octene and butyl methacrylate (BMA) was carried out for the first time using 4‐cyano‐4‐(phenylcarbonothioylthio)pentanoic acid as RAFT agent in N , N ′‐dimethyl formamide. Poly(1‐octene‐ co ‐BMA) copolymers with well‐controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distribution were obtained throughout the polymerization. The copolymers have been well characterized by different analytical techniques such as SEC, FT‐IR, NMR, SEM, AFM, XRD, and TG analyses. FT‐IR and NMR analyses confirmed the synthesis of poly(1‐octene‐ co ‐BMA) copolymers. SEM and AFM analyses demonstrated the wavy‐lamellar morphological structure of the copolymers. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed good thermal stability of poly(1‐octene‐ co ‐BMA) copolymers synthesized via RAFT mediated polymerization. The thermokinetic parameters were evaluated by adopting model‐free methods of Friedman and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa using the nonisothermal thermogravimetric data. The multivariate nonlinear regression analysis established the most appropriate kinetic model and the corresponding kinetic parameters of thermal decomposition of poly(1‐octene‐ co ‐BMA) copolymers were also calculated. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2093–2103
Polynitrogen Chemistry: Preparation and Characterization of (N5)2SnF6, N5SnF5, and N5B(CF3)4 (2003)

Metathetical processes were used to convert N5SbF6 into N5[B(CF3)4] and (N5)2SnF6. The latter salt is especially noteworthy because it contains two N5+ ions per anion, thus demonstrating that salts with touching polynitrogen cations can be prepared. This constitutes an important milestone towards our ultimate goal of synthesizing a stable, ionic nitrogen allotrope. The stepwise decomposition of (N5)2SnF6 yielded N5SnF5. Multinuclear NMR spectra show that in HF the SnF5- ion exists as a mixture of Sn2F(10)(2-) and Sn4F(20)(4-) ions. Attempts to isolate FN5 from the thermolysis of (N5)2SnF6 were unsuccessful, yielding only the expected decomposition products, FN3, N2, trans-N2F2, NF3, and N2.
Developing alternative shoreline armoring strategies: the living shoreline approach in North Carolina (2010)

This paper reviews the scientific data on the ecosystem services provided by shoreline habitats, the evidence for adverse impacts from bulkheading on those habitats and services, and describes alternative approaches to shoreline stabilization, which minimize adverse impacts to the shoreline ecosystem. Alternative shoreline stabilization structures that incorporate natural habitats, also known as living shorelines, have been popularized by environmental groups and state regulatory agencies in the mid-Atlantic. Recent data on living shoreline projects in North Carolina that include a stone sill demonstrate that the sills increase sedimentation rates, that after 3 years marshes behind the sills have slightly reduced biomass, and that the living shoreline projects exhibit similar rates of fishery utilization as nearby natural fringing marshes. Although the current emphasis on shoreline armoring in Puget Sound is on steeper, higher-energy shorelines, armoring of lower-energy shorelines may become an issue in the future with expansion of residential development and projected rates of sea level rise. The implementation of regulatory policy on estuarine shoreline stabilization in North Carolina and elsewhere is presented. The regulatory and public education issues experienced in North Carolina, which have made changes in estuarine shoreline stabilization policy difficult, may inform efforts to adopt a sustainable shoreline armoring strategy in Puget Sound. A necessary foundation for regulatory change in shoreline armoring policy, and public support for that change, is rigorous scientific assessment of the variety of services that natural shoreline habitats provide both to the ecosystem and to coastal communities, and evidence demonstrating that shoreline armoring can adversely impact the provision of those services.
Supervisory control of Fuzzy Discrete Event Systems and its application to mobile robot navigation (2009)

A supervisory control of fuzzy discrete event systems (FDES) that can be effectively used in behavior based robotics is presented. Fuzzy controllable and uncontrollable events are newly defined to activate deliberative and reactive behaviors. A fuzzy supervisor is defined in order to activate both fuzzy controllable and uncontrollable events together. The fuzzy observability concept is incorporated. The proposed approach is extended to discuss an application.
TMEM106B modifies TDP-43 pathology in human ALS brain and cell-based models of TDP-43 proteinopathy (2021)

ABSTRACT The neurodegenerative diseases amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) inclusions (FTLD-TDP) share the neuropathological hallmark of aggregates of TDP-43. However, factors governing the severity and regional distribution of TDP-43 pathology, which may account for the divergent clinical presentations of ALS and FTLD-TDP, are not well-understood. Here, we investigated the influence of genotypes at TMEM106B , a locus associated with risk for FTLD-TDP, and hexanucleotide repeat expansions in C9orf72 , a known genetic cause for both ALS and FTLD-TDP, on global TDP-43 pathology and regional distribution of TDP-43 pathology in 899 postmortem cases from a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases. We found that, among the 110 ALS cases, minor (C)- allele homozygotes at the TMEM106B locus sentinel SNP rs1990622 had more TDP-43 pathology globally, as well as in select brain regions. C9orf72 expansions similarly associated with greater TDP-43 pathology in ALS. However, adjusting for C9orf72 expansion status did not affect the relationship between TMEM106B genotype and TDP-43 pathology. In order to elucidate the direction of causality for this association, we directly manipulated TMEM106B levels in an inducible cell system that expresses mislocalized TDP-43 protein. We found that partial knockdown of TMEM106B , to levels similar to what would be expected in rs1990622 C allele carriers, led to development of more TDP-43 cytoplasmic aggregates, which were more insoluble, in this system. Taken together, our results support a causal role for TMEM106B in modifying the development of TDP-43 proteinopathy.
A balanced power amplifier utilizing the reflected input power (2009)

A new balanced power amplifier utilizing the reflected input is described. In general, the single-ended amplifier section in balanced amplifiers is not matched perfectly, so the reflected input power is terminated conventionally at the isolation port of branch line hybrid coupler. However in this work, the reflected power is injected into the auxiliary amplifier, and its output power is combined to the output power of balanced amplifier. Therefore final output power, power gain, and efficiency performances of the proposed balanced amplifier are highly improved compared to the conventional balanced amplifier. For the verification of the proposed balanced amplifier, a conventional balanced amplifier and the proposed balanced amplifier are fabricated and measured, and the measured results are compared. The proposed balanced amplifier shows an improvement in terms of output power(Pout), power gain, and power added efficiency (PAE) by 2.9 dB, 2.3 dB, and 7%, respectively.
Noise suppression using a near-source wavelet (2021)

ABSTRACT Denoising becomes a nontrivial task when the noise and signal overlap in multiple domains, such as time, frequency, and velocity. Fortunately, signal and noise waveforms, in general, tend to remain morphologically different and such differences can be used to separate body-wave signals from other waveforms such as ground roll and cultural noise. The key in denoising using a near-source wavelet is to find a wavelet that is a close approximation of the true source signature and remains uncontaminated by the Green’s function in any significant manner. An inverse filter designed using such a wavelet selectively compresses the body waves that can be extracted using median and low-pass filters. The overall phenomenon is explained with a synthetic example. The idea is also tested on a land data set generated using a large weight-drop source in which the wavelet recorded approximately 3 m from the source location fulfills the criteria set in our method. The results suggest that the incremental effort of recording an extra trace close to the source location during acquisition may provide previously unavailable denoising opportunities during processing, although the trace itself may be redundant for imaging.
A new approach for TCP/IP offload engine implementation in embedded systems (2010)

TCP/IP offload engine (TOE) is an essential technology to increase throughput of network connection. In this paper we present a novel approach for TOE implementation in embedded system with very stringent requirements on area and power. Our approach is based on two design optimizations. The first one deals with architectural enhancement for reducing the size of memory buffers in TOE hardware. The second one optimizes the TCP/IP data flow in order to speculatively process the TCP/IP packet headers in parallel to DMA data transfers. Experiments show that the approach is very effective. A prototype design of TOE receiver operating at a very low (25 MHz) frequency can achieve 13.1 Mbs throughput while requiring only 57.5 K 2-input NAND logic gates for control logic.
Elemental distributions around the oxide scales/alloy interfaces by SIMS and GDOES analyses (2004)

Abstract The oxide scales formed on FeCr alloys in CH 4 H 2 O gas mixtures (at 1073 K for 3–1050 h) were precisely analysed by SIMS and GDOES. Depth profiles were compared between SIMS and GDOES. They were almost consistent with each other with some differences in minor elements. In depth profiles, the following three zones were identified from surface to internal oxides: Mn and Fe rich layer, Cr‐rich layer, and Si‐rich layer. The elemental distributions at different depths were investigated by the SIMS imaging technique. Concentration differences of some elements at grain and grain boundaries were imaged at the resolution of µms. The grain boundary diffusion of cations in the alloys was clearly visualized, and the grain boundary diffusion plays an important role in the formation of oxide scales. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Targeting Tie2 in the Tumor Microenvironment: From Angiogenesis to Dissemination (2021)

The Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinase is expressed in vascular endothelial cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and tumor cells and has been a major focus of research in therapies targeting the tumor microenvironment. The most extensively studied Tie2 ligands are Angiopoietin 1 and 2 (Ang1, Ang2). Ang1 plays a critical role in vessel maturation, endothelial cell migration, and survival. Ang2, depending on the context, may function to disrupt connections between the endothelial cells and perivascular cells, promoting vascular regression. However, in the presence of VEGF-A, Ang2 instead promotes angiogenesis. Tie2-expressing macrophages play a critical role in both tumor angiogenesis and the dissemination of tumor cells from the primary tumor to secondary sites. Therefore, Ang-Tie2 signaling functions as an angiogenic switch during tumor progression and metastasis. Here we review the recent advances and complexities of targeting Tie2 signaling in the tumor microenvironment as a possible anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic, therapy and describe its use in combination with chemotherapy.
Preface (1992)

From a flood of journals, periodicals, news-items, patents and commercial ventures the word ‘biotechnology’ has gone out as the harbinger of prosperity and progress. Biotechnology, the generic name for a variety of biological processes, is increasingly being treated as the cornerstone of a number of development scenarios. This consideration stems from an awareness that societies wishing to achieve, maintain or enhance their living standards will eventually have to produce goods and services that are internationally competitive and devoid of economic redundancy, on the basis of their eventual market-quality and social performance.
Antioxidant effect of essential oils of Thymus, Salvia and Rosemarinus on the stability to auxidation of refined oils (2012)

The main idea of this work was to study the stability to autoxidation of refined oils with the addition of three essential oils. First, antioxidative activity of the essential oils which are isolated by water distillation from three plants (Thymus Capitatus Hoffmanns, Salvia officinalis L and Rosemarinus officinalis L.), was evaluated by using a β-carotene/linoleic acid system. Peroxidation of the linoleic acid was effectively inhibited by the three essential oils. In fact, they showed strong antioxidative properties when compared to BHT and BHA. Second, the stability to autooxidation of refined oils is evaluated using the Rancimat method. This method provides the induction time for decomposition of hydroperoxydes, produced by fat oxidation. This stability was also evaluated by the determination of the Peroxides Value (PV). As a result, it can be suggested that the stability of refined oils was improved with the addition of the essential oils, which possess antioxidant activities. These findings suggest a potential use of these essential oils as natural preservative ingredient in food industry.
Correntropy-Induced Robust Low-Rank Hypergraph (2018)

Hypergraph learning has been widely exploited in various image processing applications, due to its advantages in modeling the high-order information. Its efficacy highly depends on building an informative hypergraph structure to accurately and robustly formulate the underlying data correlation. However, the existing hypergraph learning methods are sensitive to non- Gaussian noise, which hurts the corresponding performance. In this paper, we present a noise-resistant hypergraph learning model, which provides superior robustness against various non- Gaussian noises. In particular, our model adopts low-rank representation to construct a hypergraph, which captures the globally linear data structure as well as preserving the grouping effect of highly-correlated data. We further introduce a correntropyinduced local metric to measure the reconstruction errors, which is particularly robust to non-Gaussian noises. Finally, the Frobenious-norm based regularization is proposed to combine with the low-rank regularizer, which enables our model to regularize the singular values of the coefficient matrix. By such, the non-zero coefficients are selected to generate a hyperedge set as well as the hyperedge weights. We have evaluated the proposed hypergraph model in the tasks of image clustering and semi-supervised image classification. Quantitatively, our scheme significantly enhances the performance of the state-of-the-art hypergraph models on several benchmark datasets.
Definitive and Differential Diagnosis of Desquamative Gingivitis Through Direct Immunofluorescence Studies (2012)

This study has the largest cohort of patients with DG suspected of VBD reported in the literature. The patients were predominantly females who had most often been seen by a periodontist. The definitive diagnosis of DG was most accurately achieved when H & E along with two biopsies for direct IF studies were submitted for testing. H & E studies were particularly important for definitive diagnosis of negative cases. Oral lichen planus was the most common disease presenting as DG, which is consistent with recent studies. Systemic connective tissue disorders that present as DG at initial clinical examination require direct IF and serum studies for a conclusive diagnosis. Clinical pathologic correlation, including history, presentation, H & E, and direct IF studies, are essential in establishing a definitive and differential diagnosis for cases presenting with DG.