gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rank-Based Illumination Estimation (2013)

A new two-stage illumination estimation method based on the concept of rank is presented. The method first estimates the illuminant locally in subwindows using a ranking of digital counts in each color channel and then combines local subwindow estimates again based on a ranking of the local estimates. The proposed method unifies the MaxRGB and Grayworld methods. Despite its simplicity, the performance of the method is found to be competitive with other state-of-the art methods for estimating the chromaticity of the overall scene illumination.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Total Synthesis of the Caribbean Fruit Fly Pheromone (+)‐ Epianastrephin. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structural and functional imaging for vascular targeted photodynamic therapy (2017)

Vascular targeted photodynamic therapy (V-PDT) has been widely used for the prevention or treatment of vascular-related diseases, such as localized prostate cancer, wet age-related macular degeneration, port wine stains, esophageal varices and bleeding gastrointestinal mucosal lesions. In this study, the fundamental mechanisms of vascular responses during and after V-PDT will be introduced. Based on the V-PDT treatment of blood vessels in dorsal skinfold window chamber model, the structural and functional imaging, which including white light microscopy, laser speckle imaging, singlet oxygen luminescence imaging, and fluorescence imaging for evaluating vascular damage will be presented, respectively. The results indicate that vessel constriction and blood flow dynamics could be considered as the crucial biomarkers for quantitative evaluation of vascular damage. In addition, future perspectives of non-invasive optical imaging for evaluating vascular damage of V-PDT will be discussed.
Periprosthetic bone resorption. Particles versus movement. (1996)

Using a rat model, we created a bone-to-titanium interface and applied phagocytosable high-density polyethylene particles between the bone and implant, either initially or when the interface had matured. No fibrous membrane developed and no bone resorption was found. If sliding movements were initiated at the interface after two weeks, there was formation of a fibrous membrane. The additional application of particles did not change the thickness of the membrane, and there were only minor qualitative changes. Creation of a membrane by movement followed by cessation of movement and the application of particles caused the membrane to persist, whereas in a particle-free control group bone-to-metal contact was re-established. Our findings suggest that mechanical stimuli are of primary importance for prosthetic loosening, and that particles may modulate the later stages of the loosening process.
Assistive Device for the Translation from Mexican Sign Language to Verbal Language (2021)

In this work, we present the design and implementation of an assistive device for people with hearing disabilities, which allows words from Mexican Sign Language to be translated into verbal language. The device consists of a wearable embedded computer with a camera and a pair of gloves. The system captures the hand-gesture images, extracts features from the gloves, and runs an Artificial Neural Network as a classifier. Our system achieves an average precision of 88% and an average recall of 90% on 20 signals.
Empowering the Lithium Metal Battery through a Silicon-Based Superionic Conductor (2014)

Replacing the liquid electrolyte in a lithium battery with a solid electrolyte can resolve many inherent safety issues as well as enable the use of next generation electrode materials. Recent research in solid electrolytes, however, has mainly focused on improving ionic conductivity while neglecting compatibility with energy dense anodes such as lithium metal. Herein, we report a new crystalline solid electrolyte devised to be inexpensive, highly conductive, and compatible with lithium metal. This study presents and characterizes an analog to Li10GeP2S12 using the isovalent ion of silicon to displace germanium as a cost effective constituent. The crystal Li10SiP2S12 displays a conductivity of 2.3 × 10−3 S cm−1, the highest reported conductivity for an unsintered silicon-based solid electrolyte. Impedance spectroscopy is used to probe interactions between the new superionic conductor and lithium metal revealing a more favorable decomposition than previous metal containing electrolytes. Due to the enhanced compatibility of Li10SiP2S12 with lithium metal, we present one of the longest cycling bulk solid-state lithium metal batteries to date. Discerning the nature of chemical decomposition at the electrolyte-lithium interface is essential to the design and synthesis of future solid electrolytes.
An affinity chromatographic method for the purification of water-insoluble peptides (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn affinity chromatographic method for the purification of water-insoluble peptidesIrving Sucholeiki and Peter T. Lansbury Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 6, 1318–1324Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00058a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00058a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views319Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Extensive Tests of Autonomous Driving Technologies (2013)

This paper presents the vision of the Artificial Vision and Intelligent Systems Laboratory (VisLab) on future automated vehicles, ranging from sensor selection up to their extensive testing. VisLab's design choices are explained using the BRAiVE autonomous vehicle prototype as an example. BRAiVE, which is specifically designed to develop, test, and demonstrate advanced safety applications with different automation levels, features a high integration level and a low-cost sensor suite, which are mainly based on vision, as opposed to many other autonomous vehicle implementations based on expensive and invasive sensors. The importance of performing extensive tests to validate the design choices is considered to be a hard requirement, and different tests have been organized, including an intercontinental trip from Italy to China. This paper also presents the test, the main challenges, and the vehicles that have been specifically developed for this test, which was performed by four autonomous vehicles based on BRAiVE's architecture. This paper also includes final remarks on VisLab's perspective on future vehicles' sensor suite.
Hypoglycemic Activity of Polysaccharides from Sweet Corncob on Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats (2016)

A water-soluble polysaccharide (SCP-80-I) was isolated from sweet corncob using microwave-assisted compound-enzyme extraction and column chromatography. SCP-80-I is composed mainly of arabinose, mannose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 0.369:0.824:10.759:0.333, and has a molecular mass of 18350 Da and β-glycosides linkages in its molecular structure. The preliminary hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was investigated. Rats were administered daily with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg SCP-80-I for 21 d. The SCP-80-I increased the rat body mass significantly and reduced the blood glucose level in a dose-dependent manner. The SCP-80-I reduced liver swelling; kidney and pancreas hypertrophy; and total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein-C levels significantly; and increased the level of high-density lipoproteins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. These results indicate that SCP-80-I exerts a potential hypoglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Analysis of Neuronal, Glial, Endothelial, Axonal and Apoptotic Markers Following Moderate Therapeutic Hypothermia and Anesthesia in the Developing Piglet Brain (2007)

Hypothermia (HT) by whole body (WBC) or selective head cooling (SHC) reduces hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury; however, whether prolonged hypothermia and/or anesthesia disrupts immature brain development, eg, increases apoptosis, is unknown. Anesthesia increases apoptosis in immature animals. We investigated whether neuroprotective hypothermia and anesthesia disrupts normal brain development. Thirty-eight pigs <24 h old were randomized between five groups and were killed after 72 h: eighteen received a global hypoxic-ischemic insult under anesthesia, eight subsequently cooled by SHC with WBC to T(rectal) 34.5 degrees C for 24 h, followed by 48 h normothermia (NT) at T(rectal) 39.0 degrees C, while 10 remained normothermic. Sixteen underwent anesthetized sham hypoxic-ischemic, six then following normothermia and 10 following hypothermia protocols. There were four normothermic controls. The hypothermia groups demonstrated significant brain hypothermia. In the hypoxic-ischemic groups this conferred approximately 60% neuroprotection reducing histological injury scores in all brain areas. Immunohistochemical/histochemical analyses of neuronal, glial, endothelial, axonal, transcriptional apoptotic markers in areas devoid of histological lesions revealed no hypothermia/normothermia group and differences whether exposed to hypoxic-ischemic or not. Neither 36-h anesthesia nor 24-h hypothermia produced adverse effects at 4-day survival on a panel of brain maturation/neural death markers in newborn pigs. Longer survival studies are necessary to verify the safety of hypothermia in the developing brain.
Fabrication and Characterization of Flexible Microwave Single-Crystal Germanium Nanomembrane Diodes on a Plastic Substrate (2012)

This letter presents the fabrication and characterization of flexible microwave p-intrinsic-n diodes on a plastic substrate employing single-crystal germanium (Ge) nanomembranes. The fabricated flexible device displays high frequency response (e.g., insertion loss smaller than 1.5 dB and isolation larger than 10 dB at frequencies up to 10 GHz). Flexible Ge diodes with various diode structures are modeled and reveal radio frequency (RF) performance tradeoff with device parameters. Furthermore, the flexible Ge diodes show better RF/microwave properties than the flexible Si diodes. The study demonstrates great potential of using flexible active/passive components based on single-crystal Ge nanomembrane for high-performance RF/microwave applications.
Dysbiotic Bacterial and Fungal Communities Not Restricted to Clinically Affected Skin Sites in Dandruff (2016)

Dandruff is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin condition of the scalp that has been associated with <i>Malassezia</i> yeasts. However, the microbial role has not been elucidated yet, and the etiology of the disorder remains poorly understood. Using high-throughput 16S rDNA and ITS1 sequencing, we characterized cutaneous bacterial and fungal microbiotas from healthy and dandruff subjects, comparing scalp and forehead (lesional and non-lesional skin sites). Bacterial and fungal communities from dandruff analyzed at genus level differed in comparison with healthy ones, presenting higher diversity and greater intragroup variation. The microbial shift was observed also in non-lesional sites from dandruff subjects, suggesting that dandruff is related to a systemic process that is not restricted to the site exhibiting clinical symptoms. In contrast, <i>Malassezia</i> microbiota analyzed at species level did not differ according to health status. A 2-step OTU assignment using combined databases substantially increased fungal assigned sequences, and revealed the presence of highly prevalent uncharacterized <i>Malassezia</i> organisms (>37% of the reads). Although clinical symptoms of dandruff manifest locally, microbial dysbiosis beyond clinically affected skin sites suggests that subjects undergo systemic alterations, which could be considered for redefining therapeutic approaches.
ENHANCED TUBES FOR STEAM CONDENSERS (1993)

Abstract This article provides data on enhanced tubes developed especially for application to steam condensers. Data are provided for different types of tube-side (cooling water) and shell-side (steam) enhancements. The first test series involved measuring the condensing coefficient at a 327 K saturation temperature. Average enhancement levels (defined as the ratio of the condensing coefficient of an enhanced tube to that of a plain tube at the same vapor-to-wall temperature difference) of 34%, 75%, and 180% were obtained for titanium, copper-nickel, and copper, respectively. The second test series determined the overall heat transfer coefficient of several tubes having both internal and external enhancement geometries. Maximum enhancement levels of the overall heat transfer coefficient were 16%, 37%, and 64% (at the same mass flow rate for both the plain and enhanced tube) for titanium, stainless steel, and copper-nickel, respectively. A third data set was obtained for the tube-side heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of several internal enhancements. Using specific combinations of the identified internal and external geometries, other potential enhanced tubes were defined, and a comparison of the overall heat transfer coefficient was made.
Solid‐State orientation studies on polypropylene disks, 2. Uniaxial compression with lubricated press platens (1993)

Abstract The molecular orientation of isotactic polypropylene disks compressed uniaxially in the solid state using lubricated press platens was studied by measuring optical birefringence, infrared dichroism and wide‐angle x‐ray scattering. Differences in anisotropy obtained by optical birefringence and infrared dichroism were negligibly small throughout the disk at a low overall level of orientation. Pole figures obtained from WAXS measurements showed that the orientation texture developed during the deformation was essentially planar with polymer chains oriented perpendicularly to the compression direction.
How to approach a many splendoured thing: Proxy Technology Assessment as a methodological praxis to study virtual experience (2010)

This article introduces Proxy Technology Assessment (PTA) as a methodological approach that can widen the scope of virtual world and game research. Studies of how people experience virtual worlds and games often focus on individual in-world or in-game experiences. However, people do not perceive these worlds and games in isolation. They are embedded within a social context that has strongly intertwined online and offline components. Studying virtual experiences while accounting for these interconnections calls for new methodological approaches. PTA answers this call.Combining several methods, PTA can be used to investigate how new technology may impact and settle within people's everyday life (Pierson et al., 2006). It involves introducing related devices or applications, available today, to users in their natural setting and studying the context-embedded practices they alter or evoke. This allows researchers to detect social and functional requirements to improve the design of new technologies. These requirements, like the practices under investigation, do not stop at the outlines of a magic circle (cf. Huizinga, 1955).We will start this article by contextualizing and defining PTA. Next, we will describe the practical implementation of PTA. Each step of the procedure will be illustrated with examples and supplemented with lessons learned from two interdisciplinary scientific projects, Hi-Masquerade and Teleon, concerned with how people perceive and use virtual worlds and games respectively.
Spin-manipulated nanoscopy for single nitrogen-vacancy center localizations in nanodiamonds (2017)

Due to their exceptional optical and magnetic properties, negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV<sup>-</sup>) centers in nanodiamonds (NDs) have been identified as an indispensable tool for imaging, sensing and quantum bit manipulation. The investigation of the emission behaviors of single NV<sup>-</sup> centers at the nanoscale is of paramount importance and underpins their use in applications ranging from quantum computation to super-resolution imaging. Here, we report on a spin-manipulated nanoscopy method for nanoscale resolutions of the collectively blinking NV<sup>-</sup> centers confined within the diffraction-limited region. Using wide-field localization microscopy combined with nanoscale spin manipulation and the assistance of a microwave source tuned to the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) frequency, we discovered that two collectively blinking NV<sup>-</sup> centers can be resolved. Furthermore, when the collective emitters possess the same ground state spin transition frequency, the proposed method allows the resolving of each single NV<sup>-</sup> center via an external magnetic field used to split the resonant dips. In spin manipulation, the three-level blinking dynamics provide the means to resolve two NV<sup>-</sup> centers separated by distances of 23 nm. The method presented here offers a new platform for studying and imaging spin-related quantum interactions at the nanoscale with super-resolution techniques.
10C-3 Radial Modulation Imaging of Microbubbles at High Frequency (2007)

In this paper, radial modulation imaging of microbubbles is investigated at high frequency. A modulation pulse frequency of 3.7 MHz with an amplitude ranging from 0 to 250 kPa, and a 1.3 MPa 20 MHz broadband imaging pulse were used. Radial modulation effects were observed on a population of flowing microbubbles and quantified using a Doppler-type processing technique. Artifact signals related to the generation of harmonics by bubbles strongly resonating at the modulation frequency were observed. The bubble response to simultaneous modulation and imaging excitations was simulated for different combinations of bubble sizes and modulation amplitudes. Simulations confirm the hypothesis that the generation of harmonics of the modulation frequency can be detected by the imaging transducer. Simulations indicate that the modulation frequency should be chosen lower than the resonant frequency of the biggest bubbles present in the population. The simulation also suggests that a 10-20% variation of bubble diameter induced by the modulation excitation is sufficient for radial modulation imaging In conclusion, the effects of radial modulation are detectable at a high frequency. Therefore, radial modulation imaging has potential for high-resolution imaging of microbubbles in the microvasculature.
The Influence of Microstructure on the Bendability of Direct Quenched Wear Resistant Steel (2019)

The influence of chemical composition and processing parameters on the microstructure and bendability of three thermomechanically rolled and direct‐quenched wear resistant steel plates is studied. Overall, the bendability of the steels is good, but there are exceptions that are given special attention. The prior austenite condition and final microstructure is evaluated with respect to subsurface hardness and bendability. The possible effect of inclusions on bendability is taken into account. Away from the surfaces, the samples consisted mainly of auto‐tempered martensite. Lowering the finishing rolling temperature (FRT) increased the total rolling reduction below the recrystallization temperature leading to pancaking of austenite and the formation of increasing fractions of polygonal ferrite (PF) and bainite near the plate surface together with an increased intensity of the shear texture component {112}&lt;111&gt;. Strength increased with increasing austenite pancaking provided the microstructure remained mostly martensitic. A homogeneous, largely martensitic microstructure extending across the plate thickness seemed to ensure good bendability. Microstructures that are inhomogeneous with respect to the hardness of the microconstituents, or highly ferritic, or microstructures with an intense {112}&lt;111&gt; shear texture component combined with elongated martensite‐austenite (MA) plates in the subsurface layers resulted in the largest minimum useable bending radii.
New SERS Substrates For Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Detection: Towards Quantitative SERS Sensors For Environmental Analysis (2010)

In the investigation of chemical pollutions, such as PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) at low concentration in aqueous medium, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) stands for an alternative to the inherent low cross‐section of normal Raman scattering. Indeed, SERS is a very sensitive spectroscopic technique due to the excitation of the surface plasmon modes of the nanostructured metallic film.
Topotecan inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor production and angiogenic activity induced by hypoxia in human neuroblastoma by targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and -2α (2008)

Neuroblastoma produce angiogenic peptides, and the extent of angiogenesis correlates with tumor progression and poor clinical outcome. Hence, angiogenic factor inhibition represents an important therapeutic option. One of the major drives to tumor angiogenesis is hypoxia, a decrease in oxygen tension that characterizes the tumor microenvironment. We investigated the effects of the topoisomerase I inhibitor, topotecan, on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induction by hypoxia in advanced-stage human neuroblastoma cells. Topotecan counteracted hypoxic induction of VEGF and decreased angiogenic activity of conditioned medium from hypoxic cultures in vivo in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. Promoter-driven reporter studies showed the role of both hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha and -2alpha in VEGF transcription activation by hypoxia, because (a) overexpression of either protein by cotransfection with expression vectors resulted in VEGF promoter transactivation, which was abrogated by mutation in the HIF-binding site, and (b) targeted knockdown of HIF-1alpha/2alpha by RNA interference inhibited hypoxia-stimulated VEGF transcriptional activity and protein secretion. Topotecan-inhibitory effects on VEGF induction by hypoxia were mediated through suppression of both HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha protein accumulation and transactivation properties, which was specific and required ongoing RNA transcription. A similar pattern of results was obtained in cells treated with the hypoxia-mimetic agent, desferrioxamine. These data provide the first evidence that topotecan is a potent inhibitor of HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha subunits in hypoxic neuroblastoma cells, leading to decreased VEGF expression and angiogenic activity. An important clinical implication of these findings is that therapies targeted to the HIF pathway have the potential to inhibit neuroblastoma angiogenesis and growth.