gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
READ: Reverse Engineering of Automotive Data Frames (2018)

Security analytics and forensics applied to in-vehicle networks are growing research areas that gained relevance after recent reports of cyber-attacks against unmodified licensed vehicles. However, the application of security analytics algorithms and tools to the automotive domain is hindered by the lack of public specifications about proprietary data exchanged over in-vehicle networks. Since the controller area network (CAN) bus is the de-facto standard for the interconnection of automotive electronic control units, the lack of public specifications for CAN messages is a key issue. This paper strives to solve this problem by proposing READ: a novel algorithm for the automatic Reverse Engineering of Automotive Data frames. READ has been designed to analyze traffic traces containing unknown CAN bus messages in order to automatically identify and label different types of signals encoded in the payload of their data frames. Experimental results based on CAN traffic gathered from a licensed unmodified vehicle and validated against its complete formal specifications demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can extract and classify more than twice the signals with respect to the previous related work. Moreover, the execution time of signal extraction and classification is reduced by two orders of magnitude. Applications of READ to CAN messages generated by real vehicles demonstrate its usefulness in the analysis of CAN traffic.
Latest developments in high brightness diode lasers and their applications (2013)

Within the past couple of years one can see a general trend in high power diode lasers among others towards the highest possible brightness. The product portfolio of TRUMPF high brightness diode lasers with output power &lt; 1kW will be presented. The architecture of these diode lasers, their main specifications as well as the main features of the control unit are shown. Some examples of the applications of these lasers in such advanced material processing techniques as welding of plastics and welding of thin metal sheets is also presented.
ChemInform Abstract: From the Speciation of Peroxovanadium Complexes in Aqueous Solution to the Chemistry of Haloperoxidases (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
SIW based Dirac Leaky-Wave Antenna (2018)

Dirac leaky-wave antennas (DLW As) provide interesting features such as radiating through broadside, beam scanning, and ease in fabrication, suggesting them as a favorable solution for radar and communication systems at upper microwave frequencies. In this paper, it is shown that a Dirac photonic crystal can be realized in Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology composed of air columns inside a host SIW waveguide, exhibiting a closed and linear dispersion around broadside. The structure is made to radiate acting as a SIW based DLWA. The directive beam scans a wide range of angles, with high efficiency, and is well matched around 28GHz, using a RO4003 substrate. The proposed SIW DLWA is well suited for emerging 5G and IoT applications that require reliable directive beaming and scanning.
Transmembrane domain of influenza virus neuraminidase, a type II protein, possesses an apical sorting signal in polarized MDCK cells (1996)

The influenza virus neuraminidase (NA), a type II transmembrane protein, is directly transported to the apical plasma membrane in polarized MDCK cells. By using deletion mutants and chimeric constructs of influenza virus NA with the human transferrin receptor, a type II basolateral transmembrane protein, we investigated the location of the apical sorting signal of influenza virus NA. When these mutant and chimeric proteins were expressed in stably transfected polarized MDCK cells, the transmembrane domain of NA, and not the cytoplasmic tail, provided a determinant for apical targeting in polarized MDCK cells and this transmembrane signal was sufficient for sorting and transport of the ectodomain of a reporter protein (transferrin receptor) directly to the apical plasma membrane of polarized MDCK cells. In addition, by using differential detergent extraction, we demonstrated that influenza virus NA and the chimeras which were transported to the apical plasma membrane also became insoluble in Triton X-100 but soluble in octylglucoside after extraction from MDCK cells during exocytic transport. These data indicate that the transmembrane domain of NA provides the determinant(s) both for apical transport and for association with Triton X-100-insoluble lipids.
SURGICAL REPAIR OF PECTORALIS MAJOR RUPTURE (2002)

HISTORY: 22 year old male bodybuilder with history of anabolic steroid use with acute onset of left chest pain while bench pressing. Complains of pain and weakness with attempted bench press. PHYSICAL EXAM: Muscular young male. Gross deformity of left pectoralis musculature with loss of normal pectoralis contour. Full range of motion of left shoulder. Weakness in internal rotation and adduction. (photo of patient) DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS: Partial vs complete rupture of pectoralis major muscle TEST AND RESULTS: MRI of left chest/upper humerus demostrates complete rupture through the musculotendinous portion of sternal head of pectoralis major muscle. Intact tendon insertion of sternal head and intact clavicular head of pectorilis major. (images) FINAL DIAGNOSIS: Complete tear of sternal head of pectoralis major muscle through musculotendinous junction TREATMENT: Surgical repair of sternal head of pectoralis major muscle (surgical photos)
Kinetics of the Secondary Reaction of HF on Alumino-Silicates (1997)

Abstract The standard description of HF acidizing chemistry clearly demonstrates a primary and secondary reaction of HF with alumino-silicates.1 Field experience has taught us that possible precipitation during the secondary reaction can adversely affect treatment success,2 especially in formations with high K-feld-spar content or temperatures above 300°F. Recent work has also reported the existence of a third, or tertiary reaction, of HF with alumino-silicates.3 This paper reports the determination of the rate law for the secondary reaction and the kinetics for that reaction on kaolinite and feldspar over a broad temperature range. In addition, the kinetics of fluosilicate precipitation during the secondary reaction were studied and found to be fast but not instantaneous. These findings were made possible by recently applied experimental techniques including 19F NMR spectroscopy, 3fractional pore volume flow experiments,4 and an accurate knowledge of the HF stoichiometry.5 Laboratory findings have been verified based on detailed analysis of flowback samples from field treatments.6 The reaction rate for the secondary reaction is much slower on feldspars than on clays. At temperatures below 125°F, the secondary reaction rate is very slow, which makes spent HF susceptible to fluosilicate precipitation if the HF is mixed with brines as it often is for disposal or injection well treatments. The difference in the kinetics between clays and feldspar allows one to design treatments at lower temperatures based on just the clay fraction. At temperatures above 150°F, the average mineralogy, clay mineralogy, and feldspar mineralogy should each be evaluated separately for potential fluosilicate precipitation. The fluid of choice is the one that passes all three conditions. The rate law indicates that the speed of the reaction is independent of HCl concentration and would proceed to completion even in the absence of HCl. Chemically, one can accomplish this effect by using water as a proton source and by adjusting the stoichiometry based on a previously reported equilibrium.5 The kinetics for fluosilicate precipitation were fast but not instantaneous. At very high temperatures, the secondary reaction is fast enough that fluosilicate precipitations can largely be avoided. Unfortunately, the silica gel precipitation then occurs so close to the wellbore that damage to permeability will likely occur. The equations recently developed for the HF acidizing process have been incorporated into a fully kinetic geochemical radial flow simulator. Calculations performed with this simulator have confirmed that a good knowledge of the formation mineralogy and acidizing kinetics is necessary for proper optimization of HF acidizing treatments.
A Comparison of Albumin and Saline for Fluid Resuscitation in the Intensive Care Unit (2004)

In patients in the ICU, use of either 4 percent albumin or normal saline for fluid resuscitation results in similar outcomes at 28 days.
Polarisation phenomena in mode locked fibre lasers and fibre Raman amplifiers griffon tutorial (2015)

For a fibre Raman amplifier with randomly varying birefringence, we provide insight on the validity of previously explored multi-scale techniques leading to polarisation pulling of the signal state of polarisation to the pump state of polarisation. Unlike previous study, we demonstrate that in addition to polarisation pulling a new random birefringence-mediated phenomenon that goes beyond existing multi-scale techniques can boost resonance-like gain fluctuations similar to the Stochastic Anti-Resonance. For mode locked fibre lasers we report on fast and slow polarisation dynamics of fundamental, bound state, and multipulsing vector solitons along with stretched pulses. We demonstrate that tuning cavity anisotropy and birefringence along with parameters of an injected signal with randomly varying state of polarisation provides access to the variety of vector waveforms previously unexplored.
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy of Germanium Nanowires (2003)

Journal Article Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy of Germanium Nanowires Get access Tobias Hanrath, Tobias Hanrath Dept. of Chemical EngineeringTexas Materials Institute, and Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology 1 University Station, C 0400 University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062 e-mail: korgel@mail.che.utexas.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JiPing Zhou, JiPing Zhou Texas Materials Institute, and Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology 1 University Station, C 0400 University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062 e-mail: korgel@mail.che.utexas.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Brian A Korgel Brian A Korgel Dept. of Chemical EngineeringTexas Materials Institute, and Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology 1 University Station, C 0400 University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062 e-mail: korgel@mail.che.utexas.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 9, Issue S02, 1 August 2003, Pages 332–333, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927603441664 Published: 19 July 2003
Proteochemometric modelling of antibody-antigen interactions using SPOT synthesised peptide arrays (2007)

Proteochemometrics is a technology for the study of molecular recognition based on chemometric techniques. Here we applied it to analyse the amino acids and amino acid physico-chemical properties that are involved in antibodies' recognition of peptide antigens. To this end, we used a study system comprised by a diverse single chain antibody library derived from the murine mAb anti-p24 (HIV-1) antibody CB4-1, evaluated on peptide arrays manufactured by SPOT synthesis. The binding pattern obtained was correlated to physico-chemical descriptors (z-scales) of antibodies and peptides amino acids using partial least-squares projections to latent structures. Cross terms derived from antibody and antigen descriptors were included, which substantially improved the proteochemometric model. The final model was statistically highly satisfactory with a correlation coefficient R(2) = 0.73 and predictive ability Q(2) = 0.68. The physico-chemical properties of each interacting amino acid residue of both the peptides and the antibodies being essential for the antigen-antibody recognition could be retrieved from the model. The study shows for the first time the feasibility of using proteochemometrics to analyse the molecular recognition of antigens by antibodies.
Appraisal of Fungus-Derived Xanthoquinodins as Broad-Spectrum Anti-Infectives Targeting Phylogenetically Diverse Human Pathogens (2023)

Xanthoquinodins make up a distinctive class of xanthone-anthraquinone heterodimers reported as secondary metabolites from several fungal species. Through a collaborative multi-institutional screening program, a fungal extract prepared from a <i>Trichocladium</i> sp. was identified that exhibited strong inhibitory effects against several human pathogens (<i>Mycoplasma genitalium</i>, <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>, and <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i>). This report focuses on one of the unique samples that exhibited a desirable combination of biological effects: namely, it inhibited all four test pathogens and demonstrated low levels of toxicity toward HepG2 (human liver) cells. Fractionation and purification of the bioactive components and their congeners led to the identification of six new compounds [xanthoquinodins NPDG A1-A5 (<b>1</b>-<b>5</b>) and B1 (<b>6</b>)] as well as several previously reported natural products (<b>7</b>-<b>14</b>). The chemical structures of <b>1</b>-<b>14</b> were determined based on interpretation of their 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Biological testing of the purified metabolites revealed that they possessed widely varying levels of inhibitory activity against a panel of human pathogens. Xanthoquinodins A1 (<b>7</b>) and A2 (<b>8</b>) exhibited the most promising broad-spectrum inhibitory effects against <i>M. genitalium</i> (EC<sub>50</sub> values: 0.13 and 0.12 μM, respectively), <i>C. parvum</i> (EC<sub>50</sub> values: 5.2 and 3.5 μM, respectively), <i>T. vaginalis</i> (EC<sub>50</sub> values: 3.9 and 6.8 μM, respectively), and <i>P. falciparum</i> (EC<sub>50</sub> values: 0.29 and 0.50 μM, respectively) with no cytotoxicity detected at the highest concentration tested (HepG2 EC<sub>50</sub> > 25 μM).
Measurements of the width and thickness strains in PZT ceramic strips (1984)

Abstract This paper deals with an experimental investigation on the width and thickness strains of PZT ceramic strips polarized and driven along their thickness using holographic and interferometric techniques.
Role of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) in Transcriptional Regulation and Cancer (2016)

The chromatin environment is modulated by a machinery of chromatin modifiers, required for the specification and maintenance of cell fate. Many mutations in the machinery have been linked to the development and progression of cancer. In this review, we give a brief introduction to Polycomb group (PcG) proteins, their assembly into Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) and the normal physiological roles of these complexes with a focus on the PRC2. We review the many findings of mutations in the PRC2 coding genes, both loss-of-function and gain-of-function, associated with human cancers and discuss potential molecular mechanisms involved in the contribution of PRC2 mutations to cancer development and progression. Finally, we discuss some of the recent advances in developing and testing drugs targeting the PRC2 as well as emerging results from clinical trials using these drugs in the treatment of human cancers.
Simulation Study on Kinetic Parameter Estimation Using Artificial Neural Networks. (1997)

We applied artificial neural networks (ANNs) to kinetic parameter estimation and investigated their performance using a computer-based simulation method. The ANNs used in the present study were based on a feed forward layered model with an input, hidden, and output layers, on which a backpropagation learning model was implemented. In the computer simulation, the three-compartment fluorodeoxyglucose model was used. The brain time-activity data were generated using the mean and standard deviation of the rate constants in the literature and the plasma time-activity data obtained from actual positron emission tomography studies. These time-activity data and the rate constants were used as input and output data for training ANNs, respectively. The pe rformance of ANNs was generally better with increasing number of hidden nodes and training samples. Although the accuracy of the parameter estimates obtained by ANNs was lower or comparable to that obtained by the nonlinear least-squares (NLSQ) method at lower noise levels, it was generally better than that obtained by the NLSQ method at higher noise levels. Although the computational cost for training ANNs was very high, ANNs could estimate the parameters very fast once they were trained adequately. These results suggested that an ANN approach may be an effective strategy for kinetic parameter estimation.
Hydrothermal Liquid Recovery of Rare Earth Elements and Critical Materials (2021)

This project demonstrated the technical viability of using tunable hydrothermal liquid (HTL) solutions to recover valuable minerals from a range of source materials. The effort focused upon rare earth elements (REE) and other minerals critical to the industrial security of the United States. This effort demonstrated, for the first time, that s, supercritical water (SCW) in particular, can: • Extract critical and valuable minerals from a range of matrices ranging from rock ore to biomass. • The process can be used to recover a wide range of minerals • This novel extraction chemistry can be cheap, simple, and nontoxic/”green” o The chemical extraction uses water, the cheapest industrial acid (sulfuric), and simple salts (i.e. sodium sulfate). However, other acids, salts, and additives could be used as appropriate. This Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project identified that the process is complex with many interacting factors, but the benefits are significant if the complexities can be resolved. Challenges remain in the development of this technology and are described in this report. However, the results are positive, and commercial partners have already expressed interest. In summary, a novel, green, inexpensive mineral extraction process has been developed and demonstrated in a small batch reactor system. The effort provided information for an invention disclosure, proposal to DOE, and will support future business development efforts.
Pharmacological correction of hypothermic P50shift does not alter outcome from focal cerebral ischemia in rats (2002)

Hypothermia decreases the arterial PO(2) at which hemoglobin is 50% saturated (P(50)), increasing hemoglobin O(2)-binding affinity. We used RSR13, a synthetic allosteric modifier of hemoglobin that increases P(50), to study the role of altered hemoglobin O(2)-binding affinity in mild hypothermic neuroprotection. RSR13 (150 mg/kg iv) restored P(50) to normothermic values. Rats underwent 70 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) at 30.0, 34.0, or 37.5 degrees C with hemoglobin saturation held at 98-100%. The 34.0 degrees C group received RSR13 or vehicle before ischemia. After 7 days of recovery, infarct volumes were reduced in all hypothermic groups, without evidence of a detrimental effect on infarct size or neurological score as a result of P(50) correction. To examine for a beneficial effect of P(50) correction, ischemia duration was increased to 120 min in rats maintained at 34.0 degrees C. Correction of P(50) by RSR13 did not alter cerebral infarct sizes or neurological scores. The decrease in P(50), caused by mild hypothermia, could not be associated with infarct size or neurological deficit resulting from ischemic brain hypoxia in rats.
Proposed Schemes for Image Sensors Compatibility in IEEE TG7r1 Image Sensor Communications (2016)

The IEEE 802.15.7r1 Task Group (TG7r1), known as the revision of the IEEE 802.15.7 Visible Light Communication standard targeting the commercial usage of visible light communication systems which mainly use either image sensors or cameras, is of interest in this paper. The vast challenge in Image Sensor Communications (ISC), as it has been addressed in the Technical Consideration Document (TCD) of the TG7r1, is the Image Sensor Compatibility to support the variety of different commercial cameras available on the market. The on-going ISC standard must adhere to compatible image sensors regulations. This paper brings an inside review of the TG7r1 and an inside look of related works on Image Sensor Communications. The paper analyzes the compatibility features by introducing a revised model of receiver to explain how those features are necessary. One of the most challenging but interesting features is the capability in being compatible to camera frame rates. The variation of camera frame rate is modeled from verified experimental results. Noticeably, three singular approaches to support frame rates compatibility, including temporal approach, spatial approach, and frequency-domain approach, are proposed on the paper along with concise definitions. Those schemes have been presented as valuable proposals on the call-for-proposal meeting series of the TG7r1 recently.
Comparing the predicted and observed properties of proteins encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K‐12 (1997)

Mining the emerging abundance of microbial genome sequences for hypotheses is an exciting prospect of "functional genomics". At the forefront of this effort, we compared the predictions of the complete Escherichia coli genomic sequence with the observed gene products by assessing 381 proteins for their mature N-termini, in vivo abundances, isoelectric points, molecular masses, and cellular locations. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and Edman sequencing were combined to sequence Coomassie-stained 2-DE spots representing the abundant proteins of wild-type E. coli K-12 strains. Greater than 90% of the abundant proteins in the E. coli proteome lie in a small isoelectric point and molecular mass window of 4-7 and 10-100 kDa, respectively. We identified several highly abundant proteins, YjbJ, YjbP, YggX, HdeA, and AhpC, which would not have been predicted from the genomic sequence alone. Of the 223 uniquely identified loci, 60% of the encoded proteins are proteolytically processed. As previously reported, the initiator methionine was efficiently cleaved when the penultimate amino acid was serine or alanine. In contrast, when the penultimate amino acid was threonine, glycine, or proline, cleavage was variable, and valine did not signal cleavage. Although signal peptide cleavage sites tended to follow predicted rules, the length of the putative signal sequence was occassionally greater than the consensus. For proteins predicted to be in the cytoplasm or inner membrane, the N-terminal amino acids were highly constrained compared to proteins localized to the periplasm or outer membrane. Although cytoplasmic proteins follow the N-end rule for protein stability, proteins in the periplasm or outer membrane do not follow this rule; several have N-terminal amino acids predicted to destabilize the proteins. Surprisingly, 18% of the identified 2-DE spots represent isoforms in which protein products of the same gene have different observed pI and M(r), suggesting they are post-translationally processed. Although most of the predicted and observed values for isoelectric point and molecular mass show reasonable concordance, for several proteins the observed values significantly deviate from the expected values. Such discrepancies may represent either highly processed proteins or misinterpretations of the genomic sequence. Our data suggest that AhpC, CspC, and HdeA exist as covalent homomultimers, and that IcdA exists as at least three isoforms even under conditions in which covalent modification is not predicted. We enriched for proteins based on subcellular location and found several proteins in unexpected subcellular locations.