gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal Fixed-Point Implementation of Digital Filters (2007)

We consider the problem of finding optimal realizations of discrete-time digital filters w.r.t. implementation on a finite-memory machine with a fixed-point processor. A realization for which the performance of the fixed-point implementation under quantization effects is closest (in some sense) to the ideal performance (assuming precise arithmetic) is considered optimal. The transfer function corresponding to the optimal implementation is not necessarily the same as the transfer function of the original filter. Therefore, the optimal implementation cannot be obtained via a change of coordinates. This problem is inherently a nonlinear control problem due to the presence of the quantizer. We use a signal + noise model to linearize the system. After linearization, the problem of finding the optimal realization is still a nonconvex optimization problem. We show that under some mild technical assumptions the problem can be convexified losslessly, and transformed into an equivalent set of LMIs for which numerical solutions can be obtained efficiently.
Effects of caffeine, nicotine, ethanol and sodium selenite on pancreatic carcinogenesis in hamsters after initiation with N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (1992)

The modulating effects of caffeine, nicotine, ethanol and sodium selenite on development of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)-amine (BOP)-initiated pancreatic tumors were investigated. Female Syrian golden hamsters were given s.c. injections of BOP (10 mg/kg body weight) or saline alone once a week for 3 weeks and then administered 2000 p.p.m. caffeine, 25 p.p.m. nicotine, 20% ethanol or 4 p.p.m. sodium selenite in their drinking water for the next 37 weeks. Control animals were given tap water alone after BOP initiation. Only the BOP-treated groups developed pancreatic adenocarcinomas and dysplasias. The multiplicity of pancreatic carcinomas was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in animals receiving caffeine than in the controls. In addition, caffeine treatment slightly increased the incidence of carcinomas. Nicotine and ethanol also showed tendencies to enhance pancreatic carcinogenesis, although there were statistically no significant differences regarding lesion development. In contrast, sodium selenite administration was associated with a tendency for a decrease in the number of carcinomas and dysplasias. Thus, among these chemicals of obvious significance to human life-style, caffeine enhanced the development of pancreatic tumors when administered during the post-initiation phase in this hamster model.
Non-invasive imaging using reporter genes altering cellular water permeability (2016)

Non-invasive imaging of gene expression in live, optically opaque animals is important for multiple applications, including monitoring of genetic circuits and tracking of cell-based therapeutics. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could enable such monitoring with high spatiotemporal resolution. However, existing MRI reporter genes based on metalloproteins or chemical exchange probes are limited by their reliance on metals or relatively low sensitivity. Here we introduce a new class of MRI reporters based on the human water channel aquaporin 1. We show that aquaporin overexpression produces contrast in diffusion-weighted MRI by increasing tissue water diffusivity without affecting viability. Low aquaporin levels or mixed populations comprising as few as 10% aquaporin-expressing cells are sufficient to produce MRI contrast. We characterize this new contrast mechanism through experiments and simulations, and demonstrate its utility in vivo by imaging gene expression in tumours. Our results establish an alternative class of sensitive, metal-free reporter genes for non-invasive imaging.
Tube to solids heat transfer rate in the solids return standpipe of a circulating fluidized bed (1999)

The heat transfer rate between the vertical tube and solids in the solids return standpipe of a circulating fluidized bed was investigated. The test probe was made of copper tube with a dimension of 25 mm in diameter, 370 mm long, with a coiled heater inside the tube. The probe was fixed on the centre-line of the solids return standpipe of 140 mm in diameter. The solids used in this study were sand and ion exchange resin with densities of 2484 kg/m3 and 1152 kg/m3, and particle sizes of 0.194 mm and 0.678 mm respectively. The overall heat transfer coefficients were about 140 200 W/m2K, similar to that obtained for the solids within the main bed. The heat transfer coefficient increased with the solids velocity in the standpipe. A model by Denloye and Botterill (1977) was used to explain the experimental data. The results were encouraging for an arrangement of this type of heat transfer surface in the solids return standpipe of a Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor (CFBC). One advantage of using this heat transfer surface is that it suffers less erosion from the solids collision, compared to that obtained for a heat transfer surface placed in the solids suspension of the main bed. And, the cooled ash passing the standpipe of a CFBC with this type of heat exchanger can be used to adjust the bed temperature.
New methods for investigation of surface passivation layers for crystalline silicon solar cells (2014)

One of the main challenges of the c-Si PV industry is the implementation of high quality surface passivation layers. Effective surface passivation is needed in order to avoid large efficiency losses when moving towards thinner silicon wafers and to utilize the full potential of high quality Si material. To obtain a fundamental understanding of the surface recombination mechanisms and their impact on device performance, precise characterization methods and suitable physical models are of high importance.\nThe main result of this work is the development of a new method for analyzing surface recombination for passivated Si substrates under varying surface band bending conditions: A photoluminescence imaging setup is used to measure the effective minority carrier lifetime of passivated Si wafers while applying an external bias to a metal electrode deposited onto the rear side passivation layer. The experimental measurements have been analyzed using an extended Shockley Read-Hall model with added recombination in the space charge region. This approach is shown to give valuable information about the passivation mechanisms. The measured data can be used to independently determine the fixed charge density under illumination (field-effect passivation) and the surface recombination velocity parameters for electrons and holes (chemical passivation) for a wide range of dielectric passivation layers. The results are in good agreement with both capacitance-voltage measurements and lifetime measurements after deposition of corona charges on the sample surface.\nA second major contribution from this work is the development of a modified version of the widely used simulation tool PC1D which runs from a command line, thus allowing for scripted simulations. This modified version of the program has also been used as a basis for a new user interface, which allows for improved visualization, multivariable analysis, optimization, fitting to experimental data and implementation of additional models.\nThrough this work, several passivation processes have been developed and optimized, and excellent passivation quality has been demonstrated for a stack of a-Si:H and a-SiNx:H deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Selected passivation layers have also been demonstrated as rear side passivation in a co-planar solar cell test structure with local rear contacts.
Ball 3D Trajectory Reconstruction without Preliminary Temporal and Geometrical Camera Calibration (2017)

This paper proposes a method for reconstructing 3D ball trajectories by using multiple temporally and geometrically uncalibrated cameras. To use cameras to measure the trajectory of a fast-moving object, such as a ball thrown by a pitcher, the cameras must be temporally synchronized and their position and orientation should be calibrated. In some cases, these conditions cannot be met, e.g., one cannot geometrically calibrate cameras when one cannot step into a baseball stadium. The basic idea of the proposed method is to use a ball captured by multiple cameras as a corresponding point. The method first detects a ball. Then, it estimates temporal difference between cameras. After that, the ball positions are used as corresponding points for geometrically calibrating the cameras. Experiments using actual pitching videos verify the effectiveness of our method.
Fractal ladder models and power law wave equations (2009)

The ultrasonic attenuation coefficient in mammalian tissue is approximated by a frequency-dependent power law for frequencies less than 100 MHz. To describe this power law behavior in soft tissue, a hierarchical fractal network model is proposed. The viscoelastic and self-similar properties of tissue are captured by a constitutive equation based on a lumped parameter infinite-ladder topology involving alternating springs and dashpots. In the low-frequency limit, this ladder network yields a stress-strain constitutive equation with a time-fractional derivative. By combining this constitutive equation with linearized conservation principles and an adiabatic equation of state, a fractional partial differential equation that describes power law attenuation is derived. The resulting attenuation coefficient is a power law with exponent ranging between 1 and 2, while the phase velocity is in agreement with the Kramers-Kronig relations. The fractal ladder model is compared to published attenuation coefficient data, thus providing equivalent lumped parameters.
Enhanced Post-Stationary-Phase Survival of a Clinical Thymidine-Dependent Small-Colony Variant of Staphylococcus aureus Results from Lack of a Functional Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (2007)

The mechanisms underlying the persistence of the Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variant (SCV) are not fully elucidated. In this study, clinical thymidine-dependent SCVs displayed altered expression of citB, clpC, and arcA genes, reduced acetate catabolization, and enhanced survival. These results implicate the importance of changes in tricarboxylic acid cycle and acetic acid metabolism in SCV survival and persistence.
ChemInform Abstract: KOMPLEXKATALYSE 2. MITT. TRICHLOROMONONITROSYLMOLYBDAEN(II)‐KOMPLEXE ALS AUSGANGSPRODUKTE FUER EIN NEUES HOCHAKTIVES KATALYSATORSYSTEM ZUR OLEFINMETATHESE (1974)

Abstract Zur Klärung der Frage, ob die katalytische Aktivität von Systemen mit Nitrosyl‐Mo‐ Verbindungen mit der cis‐Dinitrosyl‐Struktur zusammenhängt, wurden Mononitrosyl‐Systeme untersucht.
Multimodal Broadband Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation (MM-BB-V-SFG) Spectrometer and Microscope (2015)

A broadband sum frequency generation (BB-SFG) spectrometer with multimodal (MM) capabilities was constructed, which could be routinely reconfigured for tabletop experiments in reflection, transmission, and total internal reflection (TIR) geometries, as well as microscopic imaging. The system was constructed using a Ti:sapphire amplifier (800 nm, pulse width = 85 fs, repetition rate = 2 kHz), an optical parameter amplification (OPA) system for production of broadband IR pulses tunable between 1000 and 4000 cm(-1), and two Fabry-Pérot etalons arranged in series for production of narrowband 800 nm pulses. The key feature allowing the MM operation was the nearly collinear alignment of the visible (fixed, 800 nm) and infrared (tunable, 1000-4000 cm(-1)) pulses which were spatially separated. Physical insights discussed in this paper include the comparison of spectral bandwidth produced with 40 and 85 fs pump beams, the improvement of spectral resolution using etalons, the SFG probe volume in bulk analysis, the normalization of SFG signals, the stitching of multiple spectral segments, and the operation in different modes for air/liquid and adsorbate/solid interfaces, bulk samples, as well as spectral imaging combined with principle component analysis (PCA). The SFG spectral features obtained with the MM-BB-SFG system were compared with those obtained with picosecond-scanning-SFG system and high-resolution BB-SFG system (HR-BB-SFG) for dimethyl sulfoxide, α-pinene, and various samples containing cellulose (purified commercial products, Cladophora cell wall, cotton and flax fibers, and onion epidermis cell wall).
Effects of variant gamma chains and sialic acid content of fibrinogen upon its interactions with ADP-stimulated human and rabbit platelets (1984)

When platelets are stimulated with adenosine diphosphate (ADP), fibrinogen binds to receptors on the platelet membrane, and the platelets aggregate. The primary platelet recognition sites of human fibrinogen are reported to be at the COOH-terminal ends of the gamma chains, with secondary sites in the A alpha chains. Normal human fibrinogen, which consists of three pairs of disulfide-bonded peptide chains, (A alpha, B beta, gamma)2, is heterogeneous with respect to sialic acid content and also contains a small proportion of molecules with a variant gamma chain (designated gamma'), elongated by a peptide extension at the COOH-terminus of the normal gamma chain. We separated fibrinogen into three fractions by chromatography on DEAE cellulose and tested the interactions of these fractions with ADP-stimulated human and rabbit platelets. Two fractions had the normal chain composition, (A alpha B beta, gamma)2, but different sialic acid contents (6.6 and 7.2 mol/mol), and the third fraction had the chain composition (A alpha, B beta)2 gamma gamma' and a sialic acid content of 7.2 mol/mol, which is similar to that of one of the normal fractions. In binding and aggregation experiments, we detected no significant differences between the reactions of the first two fractions, but ADP-stimulated platelets bound only 50% as much of 125I-fibrinogen from the fraction with the gamma' chains and also aggregated less extensively in the presence of this fraction. We conclude that the sialic acid content of fibrinogen does not significantly affect its interactions with platelets, but the elongated gamma' chains bind less effectively to ADP-stimulated platelets, and thus reduce the ability of fibrinogen to support aggregation. This may result from a conformational change caused by the gamma' extension or from the deletion of a portion of the normal gamma chain recognition site.
Detection of highly dangerous pathogens : microarray methods for the detection of BSL 3 and BSL 4 agents (2009)

Preface (Kostic, Butaye, Schrenzel) Introduction on Microarray-based Detection Methods (Schrenzel, Kostic, Bodrossy, Francois) METHODS Long-oligonucleotide Microarray-based Microbial Detection (Kostic, Bodrossy) Sequence-specific End-labelling of Oligonucleotides (SSELO) (Kostic, Bodrossy) Non-cognate Approaches for Pathogen Detection on Microarrays (Schrenzel, Francois, Hernandez, Hibbs, Huyghe, Charbonnier) Patterning Techniques for Array Platforms (Piskin, Garipcan, Demirel, Caglayan) Probe Immobilization Techniques in Array Technologies (Piskin, Caglayan, Duman) IDENTIFICATION Low-Cost-and-Density (LCD)-Microarrays - a Novel Technique for Identification and Typing of Microorganisms (Frangoulidis, Heiser, Landt, Meyer) DNA Microarray Technique for Detection and Identification of Viruses Causing Encephalitis and Hemorrhagic Fever (Nordstroem, Falk, Nilsson, Lundkvist) Microarrays for genomotyping of pathogens (Kieboom, Voskamp, Broekhuijsen) TYPING Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) as Targets for DNA-array Based Identification and Typing of BSL3 Bacteria (Wattiau, Vos, Fretin) Use of a Microchip to Detect Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Bacillus anthracis (Perreten, Frey) QUALITY CONTROL Progress Toward Development of Microarrays for Routine Diagnostic Use for Detection of Select High Risk Pathogens (Kempsell, Shah, Sherwin, Vipond, Silman)
Acoustic Transducers: Benchmark Papers in Acoustics, Volume 14, edited by Ivor D. Groves, Jr. (1983)

First Page
General Chemistry, Third Edition (Davis, Raymond E.; Gailey, Kenneth D.; Whitten, Kenneth W.) (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTGeneral Chemistry, Third Edition (Davis, Raymond E.; Gailey, Kenneth D.; Whitten, Kenneth W.)Ralph A. Zingaro Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 1, A45Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 January 1989Published inissue 1 January 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ed066pA45.1RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views538Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Skew ray results for condensing light pipes and reflective baffles (1976)

Simple criteria are presented for determining whether a general skew ray will strike an absorber at the exit of certain condensing light pipes. Several designs for ideal reflective baffles are also given and their skew ray properties discussed.
1A1-B13 Construction Methodology for the Non-Invasive Ultrasound Theragnostic System based on Technologizing and Digitizing Medical Professional Skills : Redundant mechanism and controller implementation in accordance with the theragnostic task functions(Medical Robotics and Mechatronics (1)) (2013)

We have been studying the technologizing and digitizing skills of the medical professionals in the medical theragnostics. The concept of the technologizing and digitizing skills is to extract functions in medical professional skills, reconstruct and implement these extracted functions in the mechanisms/controllers/image processing algorithms of the medical support system. In the present paper, we propose a redundant motion control mechanism in accordance with theragnostic functions for a non-invasive ultrasound theragnostic system (NIUTS).
Mesoscale modelling of plastic deformation and subsequent recrystallization (2016)

International audience
Correlation of fingerstick blood glucose measurements with GlucoWatch biographer glucose results in young subjects with type 1 diabetes. (1999)

This study confirms the accuracy and precision of glucose values as determined using the GlucoWatch biographer in clinic and home settings.
Collimated microfiber spectroscopy for optical characterization of disordered porous anodic alumina (2016)

Abstract A novel collimated microfiber spectroscopy technique using an optical fiber probe with microball lens was developed to observe the photonic crystalline characteristics of porous anodized alumina (PAA) slabs with disordered arrays of holes. Transmittance spectra of the PAA slab observed by the microfiber probe with ball lens showed a broad valley at ∼410 nm; conversely, no significant valley was observed by an ordinary microfiber spectroscope without ball lens. The broad valley was comparable with that observed in a spectrum simulated for a model based on a scanning electron microscopy image of the PAA slab by using the finite-difference time-domain method.
The multicenter THALAMOSS cellular Biobank for β-Thalassemia (2016)

The production and validation of a cellular thalassemia Biobank was conducted within the multicenter European Project THALAMOSS (THalassemia MOdular Stratification System for personalized therapy of β-thalassemia). The cellular Biobank contains hematopoietic stem cells isolated from the peripheral blood, expanded, freezed and cryopreserved. The use of biobanked samples allows to compare potentially therapeutic treatments on several samples growing in parallel. Freezing, cryopreservation and thawing steps do not affect the erythroid differentiation potential of the cells in terms of kinetics and types of hemoglobin produced by the cells obtained from different biobanked cryovials of the same patient and thawed with intervals reaching several months. The validation the cellular Biobank was further performed by sending and culturing the crypreserved cells from the same patients in different laboratories. Finally, we demonstrated that the biobanked cells can be used for determining the response to different inducers, such as mithramycin, hydroxyurea and resveratrol. Moreover, the biobanked cells can be used to test their response to gene therapy protocols. At present, the THALAMOSS cellular Biobank is composed by samples from 135 β-thalassemia patients and 19 healthy donors for a totale of more than 750 cryovials. The most represented genotypes are β039/β039 (51 patients), β+IVSI-6/β+IVSI-110 (31 patients), β039/β+IVSI-110 (21 patients) and β+IVSI-110/β+IVSI-110 (9 patients). In conclusion, this research activity will allow patients stratification taking into account all the phenotypic/genotypic characteristics of the single individual, and the response to potential therapeutic treatments.
Macrophage activation syndrome (2002)

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a serious complication of childhood systemic inflammatory disorders that is thought to be caused by excessive activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes and macrophages. Recent findings in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, a disease that is clinically similar to MAS, highlight the possible pathogenetic role of a defective function of perforin, a protein involved in the cytolytic processes and control of lymphocyte proliferation. Although the clinical features of MAS have been well documented, early diagnosis can be difficult. Measurement of the serum ferritin level may assist in the diagnosis and may be a useful indicator of disease activity, therapy response, and prognosis. The recognition that MAS belongs to the secondary or reactive hemophagocytic syndromes has led to the proposal to rename it according to the contemporary classification of histiocytic disorders. Cyclosporin A has been found effective in patients with corticosteroid-resistant MAS. A recent report has suggested that etanercept may be a useful adjunctive therapeutic agent.
A New Class of Strongly Chemiluminescent Models for Dioxetanone-Mediated Bioluminescence (2016)

International audience
Unsupervised Feature Learning for Heart Sounds Classification Using Autoencoder (2018)

Cardiovascular disease seriously threatens the health of many people. It is usually diagnosed during cardiac auscultation, which is a fast and efficient method of cardiovascular disease diagnosis. In recent years, deep learning approach using unsupervised learning has made significant breakthroughs in many fields. However, to our knowledge, deep learning has not yet been used for heart sound classification. In this paper, we first use the average Shannon energy to extract the envelope of the heart sounds, then find the highest point of S1 to extract the cardiac cycle. We convert the time-domain signals of the cardiac cycle into spectrograms and apply principal component analysis whitening to reduce the dimensionality of the spectrogram. Finally, we apply a two-layer autoencoder to extract the features of the spectrogram. The experimental results demonstrate that the features from the autoencoder are suitable for heart sound classification.