gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual-Sensitive Hydrogel Nanoparticles Based on Conjugated Thermoresponsive Copolymers and Protein Filaments for Triggerable Drug Delivery (2018)

In this study, novel hydrogel nanoparticles with dual triggerable release properties based on fibrous structural proteins (keratin) and thermoresponsive copolymers (Pluronic) are introduced. Nanoparticles were used for curcumin delivery as effective and safe anticancer agents, the hydrophobicity of which has limited their clinical applications. A drug was loaded into hydrogel nanoparticles by a single-step nanoprecipitation method. The drug-loaded nanoparticles had an average diameter of 165 and 66 nm at 25 and 37 °C, respectively. It was shown that the drug loading efficiency could be enhanced through crosslinking of the disulfide bonds in keratin. Crosslinking provided a targeted release profile under reductive conditions using an in vivo agent, glutathione (GSH), or in the presence of trypsin. Cytocompatibility assay using HeLa and L929 fibroblast cells exhibited no adverse effect of nanoparticles on cell viability up to 1 mg/mL. Besides, the green fluorescence of curcumin confirmed the uptake of drug-loaded nanoparticles by cancer cells. The redox and temperature-sensitive nanoparticles are potentially useable for the efficient delivery of hydrophobic drugs to targeted regions having a triggerable release profile.
Silicon Monohydride Clusters SinH (n = 4−10) and Their Anions:  Structures, Thermochemistry, and Electron Affinities (2005)

The molecular structures, electron affinities, and dissociation energies of the Si(n)H/Si(n)H- (n = 4-10) species have been examined via five hybrid and pure density functional theory (DFT) methods. The basis set used in this work is of double-zeta plus polarization quality with additional diffuse s- and p-type functions, denoted DZP++. The geometries are fully optimized with each DFT method independently. The three different types of neutral-anion energy separations presented in this work are the adiabatic electron affinity (EA(ad)), the vertical electron affinity (EA(vert)), and the vertical detachment energy (VDE). The first Si-H dissociation energies, D(e)(Si(n)H --> Si(n) + H) for neutral Si(n)H and D(e)(Si(n)H- --> Si(n)- + H) for anionic Si(n)H- species, have also been reported. The structures of the ground states of these clusters are traditional H-Si single-bond forms. The ground-state geometries of Si5H, Si6H, Si8H, and Si9H predicted by the DFT methods are different from previous calculations, such as those obtained by Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics and nonorthogonal tight-binding molecular dynamics schemes. The most reliable EA(ad) values obtained at the B3LYP level of theory are 2.59 (Si4H), 2.84 (Si5H), 2.86 (Si6H), 3.19 (Si7H), 3.14 (Si8H), 3.36 (Si9H), and 3.56 (Si10H) eV. The first dissociation energies (Si(n)H --> Si(n) + H) predicted by all of these methods are 2.20-2.29 (Si4H), 2.30-2.83 (Si5H), 2.12-2.41 (Si6H), 1.75-2.03 (Si7H), 2.41-2.72 (Si8H), 1.86-2.11 (Si9H), and 1.92-2.27 (Si10H) eV. For the negatively charged ion clusters (Si(n)H- --> Si(n)- + H), the dissociation energies predicted are 2.56-2.69 (Si4H-), 2.80-3.01 (Si5H-), 2.86-3.06 (Si6H-), 2.80-3.03 (Si7H-), 2.69-2.92 (Si8H-), 2.92-3.18 (Si9H-), and 2.89-3.25 (Si10H-) eV.
Comprehensive Strategies to Bicyclic Prolines: Applications in the Synthesis of Potent Arginase Inhibitors (2021)

Comprehensive synthetic strategies afforded a diverse set of structurally unique bicyclic proline-containing arginase inhibitors with a high degree of three-dimensionality. The analogs that favored the Cγ-exo conformation of the proline improved the arginase potency over the initial lead. The novel synthetic strategies reported here not only enable access to previously unknown stereochemically complex proline derivatives but also provide a foundation for the future synthesis of bicyclic proline analogs, which incorporate inherent three-dimensional character into building blocks, medicine, and catalysts and could have a profound impact on the conformation of proline-containing peptides and macrocycles.
Toll-like Receptor Polymorphism Associations With HIV-1 Outcomes Among Sub-Saharan Africans (2013)

TLR SNPs impact HIV-1 outcomes with epidemiologic factors modifying these relationships.
Supplementary Data from Clinical and Immunologic Responses to a B-Cell Epitope Vaccine in Patients with HER2/neu-Overexpressing Advanced Gastric Cancer—Results from Phase Ib Trial IMU.ACS.001 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supp. Table 1; Supp. Table 2; Supp. Table 3 A,B; Supp. Table 4; Supp. Table 5; Supp. Table 6; Supplementary Data 1; Supplementary Data 2&lt;/p&gt;
Use of Closed Bomb Test Methods for Assessing 81 mm Mortar Propellant (1960)

Abstract : The results obtained from 320 closed bomb firings and 280 proof firings of test samples representing 14 production lots of M5 increment propellant for the 81 mm mortar indicate a high degree of correlation, as shown by the statistical H test. On the basis of these results, equations relating flight velocities and mortar tube pressures to closed bomb parameters are derived. With these equations, velocities and pressures for the 81 mm mortar can be predicted within + or - 2.3% and + or - 4.9%, respectively.
Optical Redox Imaging of Ex Vivo Hippocampal Tissue Reveals Age-Dependent Alterations in the 5XFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease (2022)

A substantial decline in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) has been reported in brain tissue homogenates or neurons isolated from Alzheimer's disease (AD) models. NAD, together with flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), critically supports energy metabolism and maintains mitochondrial redox homeostasis. Optical redox imaging (ORI) of the intrinsic fluorescence of reduced NAD (NADH) and oxidized FAD yields cellular redox and metabolic information and provides biomarkers for a variety of pathological conditions. However, its utility in AD has not been characterized at the tissue level. We performed ex vivo ORI of freshly dissected hippocampi from a well-characterized AD mouse model with five familial Alzheimer's disease mutations (5XFAD) and wild type (WT) control littermates at various ages. We found (1) a significant increase in the redox ratio with age in the hippocampi of both the WT control and the 5XFAD model, with a more prominent redox shift in the AD hippocampi; (2) a higher NADH in the 5XFAD versus WT hippocampi at the pre-symptomatic age of 2 months; and (3) a negative correlation between NADH and Aβ<sub>42</sub> level, a positive correlation between Fp and Aβ<sub>42</sub> level, and a positive correlation between redox ratio and Aβ<sub>42</sub> level in the AD hippocampi. These findings suggest that the ORI can be further optimized to conveniently study the metabolism of freshly dissected brain tissues in animal models and identify early AD biomarkers.
EMMA: An Extensible Mammalian Modular Assembly Toolkit for the Rapid Design and Production of Diverse Expression Vectors (2017)

Mammalian plasmid expression vectors are critical reagents underpinning many facets of research across biology, biomedical research, and the biotechnology industry. Traditional cloning methods often require laborious manual design and assembly of plasmids using tailored sequential cloning steps. This process can be protracted, complicated, expensive, and error-prone. New tools and strategies that facilitate the efficient design and production of bespoke vectors would help relieve a current bottleneck for researchers. To address this, we have developed an extensible mammalian modular assembly kit (EMMA). This enables rapid and efficient modular assembly of mammalian expression vectors in a one-tube, one-step golden-gate cloning reaction, using a standardized library of compatible genetic parts. The high modularity, flexibility, and extensibility of EMMA provide a simple method for the production of functionally diverse mammalian expression vectors. We demonstrate the value of this toolkit by constructing and validating a range of representative vectors, such as transient and stable expression vectors (transposon based vectors), targeting vectors, inducible systems, polycistronic expression cassettes, fusion proteins, and fluorescent reporters. The method also supports simple assembly combinatorial libraries and hierarchical assembly for production of larger multigenetic cargos. In summary, EMMA is compatible with automated production, and novel genetic parts can be easily incorporated, providing new opportunities for mammalian synthetic biology.
Non-Volatile Memristive III-V/Si Photonics (2023)

We will review our most recent results on non-volatile memristive III-V/Si Photonics. The wafer-bonded III-V/Si memristive cell facilitates non-volatile optical functionality for a variety of devices such as Mach-Zehnder Interferometers (MZIs), asymmetric MZI lattice filters, and ring resonator filters.
Obtundation and Myocardial Infarction in a Case of Systemic Loxoscelism. (2014)

We report an atypical course of a likely brown recluse spider bite in a 79-year-old male. The Rader scale and <i>Loxosceles reclusa</i> venom detection by ELISA provide supporting evidence for a loxoscelism diagnosis. Obtundation and myocardial infarction occurred following a drop in hemoglobin to 6.5g/dL. The rapid loss of blood volume was considered a significant etiologic factor for both the obtundation and myocardial infarction. The neurological symptoms reversed rapidly after packed red blood cell transfusion.
A clock distribution network for microprocessors (2001)

A global clock distribution strategy used on several microprocessor chips is described. The clock network consists of buffered tunable trees or treelike networks, with the final level of trees all driving a single common grid covering most of the chip. This topology combines advantages of both trees and grids. A new tuning method was required to efficiently tune such a large strongly connected interconnect network consisting of up to 6 m of wire and modeled with 50000 resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Variations are described to handle different floor-planning styles. Global clock skew as low as 22 ps on large microprocessor chips has been measured.
Deep Infrared Imaging of the Microquasars 1E 1740−2942 and GRS 1758−258 (2001)

We present deep infrared ($2.2 \mu$m) imaging of the Galactic microquasars 1E1740-2942 and GRS 1758-258 using the Keck-I 10-meter telescope in June 1998. The observations were taken under excellent seeing conditions ($\sim 0.45 \arcsec$ full-width half-maximum), making them exceptionally deep for these crowded fields. We used the USNO-A2.0 catalog to astrometrically calibrate the infrared images (along with an optical CCD image in the case of GRS 1758-258), providing independent frame ties to the known radio positions of the objects. For 1E1740-2942, we confirm potential candidates for the microquasar previously identified by Marti et al., and show that none of the objects near the microquasar have varied significantly from 1998 to 1999. For GRS 1758-258, our astrometry indicates a position shifted from previous reports of candidates for the microquasar. We find no candidates inside our 90% confidence radius to a $2 \sigma$ limiting magnitude of $K_s = 20.3$ mag. We discuss the implications of these results for the nature of the microquasar binary systems.
Preparation of a Multitopic Glycopeptide−Oligonucleotide Conjugate (2005)

[structure: see text] A novel strategy to prepare glycopeptide-oligonucleotide conjugates bearing a glycocluster is reported. The strategy utilizes a cyclodecapeptide scaffold as a key intermediate to anchor the carbohydrate cluster and the oligonucleotide through sequential oxime bond formation. The oligonucleotide glycocluster retains the binding affinity and recognition specificity for the target sequence. Furthermore, the conjugate shows enhanced binding to the specific lectins due to the cooperative effect produced by the carbohydrate cluster.
Use of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Encryption Algorithm in Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) (2003)

algorithm for encryption with the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS).
Detection of Circulating Tumor-Related Materials by Aptamer Capturing and Endogenous Enzyme-Signal Amplification (2020)

Circulating tumor-related materials (CTRMs) shed from original or metastatic tumors, carry a lot of tumor information and are considered as important markers for cancer diagnosis and metastasis prognosis. Herein, we report a colorimetric detection strategy for CTRMs based on aptamer-based magnetic isolation and endogenous alkaline phosphatase (AP)-signal amplification. This strategy exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity toward the CTRMs that express AP heterodimers (the target of aptamer, a potential tumor marker). For clinical samples, this CTRM assay significantly discriminated colorectal cancer patients (<i>n</i> = 50) from healthy individuals (<i>n</i> = 39, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated the sensitivity and specificity reached 92% and 82%, respectively, at the optimal cutoff point, the area under the curve of ROC reached 0.93, suggesting great potential for colorectal cancer diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. Compared with CTC assays, this strategy is simple and has the potential for point-of-care testing.
M-MRAC Backstepping for Systems with Unknown Virtual Control Coefficients (2015)

The paper presents an over-parametrization free certainty equivalence state feedback backstepping adaptive control design method for systems of any relative degree with unmatched uncertainties and unknown virtual control coefficients. It uses a fast prediction model to estimate the unknown parameters, which is independent of the control design. It is shown that the system's input and output tracking errors can be systematically decreased by the proper choice of the design parameters. The benefits of the approach are demonstrated in numerical simulations.
ConductAR (2015)

Recent advances in materials science have resulted in a range of commercially viable and easy-to-use conductive inks which novices, hobbyists, educators, students and researchers are now using to design and build interactive circuits quickly. Despite the ease with which practitioners can construct working circuits, one of the major limitations of designing circuits on-the-fly is the difficulty of detecting and understanding errors in prototype circuits. As well as short- and open-circuits, which often prevent a circuit from working at all, more subtle issues like high resistance traces can result in poor performance. Many users can't readily work out how to successfully modify their circuits, and they often don't have the tools or expertise to measure the relevant circuit parameters. In this paper we present ConductAR, a tool which can recognize and analyze hand-drawn, printed and hybrid conductive ink patterns. An on-screen augmented reality style interaction helps users to understand and enhance circuit operation. A key element of ConductAR is its ability to calculate the resistance of a circuit using a camera attached to an off-the-shelf PC or tablet. Our sparse coding technique is fast enough to support rapid iterative prototyping on real circuits using a conductive ink marker and/or eraser as shown in Figure 1. The system thereby enhances the feasibility of circuit prototyping with conductive ink.
Detection and quantification of bacterial biofilms combining high-frequency acoustic microscopy and targeted lipid microparticles (2014)

Early diagnosis of biofilm matrix formation is a challenge in treating cancer patients with infection-associated biofilms. We report for the first time a combined optical and acoustic evaluation of infectious biofilm matrices. We demonstrate that acoustic impedance of biofilms is similar to the impedance of human tissues, making in vivo imaging and detection of biofilm matrices difficult. The combination of ultrasound and targeted UCAs can be used to enhance biofilm imaging and early detection. Our findings suggest that the combination of targeted UCAs and ultrasound is a novel molecular imaging technique for the detection of biofilms. We show that high-frequency acoustic microscopy provides sufficient spatial resolution for quantification of biofilm mechanoelastic properties.
Biogeochemical changes in the eastern Mediterranean Sea during the early Holocene (2010)

During the early Holocene, a series of changes in the conditions of the Mediterranean hydrography, and corresponding its biogeochemistry, occurred. This led to the formation of sapropels, which are the result of an increased accumulation of organic matter that has been attributed to a better preservation of organic carbon due to oxygen depletion and/or to higher biological production that enhances the carbon flux to the seafloor. This study aims to identify plausible scenarios leading to sapropel formation. For this purpose, we set up a regional version of the general ocean circulation model MPI-OM for the Mediterranean (26 km horizontal resolution, 29 levels) coupled to the biogeochemical model HAMOCC. The model is forced with atmospheric data derived from equilibrium time slice simulations for pre-industrial conditions and 9000 B.P with the atmosphere-ocean-dynamical vegetation model ECHAM5/MPI-OM/LPJ. For the identification of scenarios leading to sapropel formation, we simulated a 9 kyr B.P. baseline simulation and two sensitivity experiments, one with enhanced riverine nutrient input and one with stagnating deep water circulation. Results show that a 3x increase in riverine nutrient input leads to an enhanced particulate organic carbon export production. The corresponding increased oxygen utilization, however, is not sufficient to induce an anoxic state. In the stagnating deep water circulation perturbation experiment there is no further ventilation of the deep water, while the continuous utilization of oxygen through organic matter reminearlization stays unvaried. When extrapolating the oxygen utilization rate, it would take millennia to reach an anoxic state, which suggests that the onset of the stagnating deep water circulation was during the period of deglaciation. In the future experiments we will test both a combination of the stagnating deep water with enhanced riverine nutrient input, as well as the initialization with glacial conditions.
Effects of hydrogen loading and grating strength on the thermal stability of fiber Bragg gratings (1996)

Summary form only given. We have demonstrated that gratings of different strengths in unhydrogenated fiber display different stabilities at elevated temperatures, however, gratings written in hydrogenated fiber did not show this trend. These observations should provide further insight into the mechanism of photo-induced index change during both writing and annealing.
Balancing the Risk-Benefit Ratio in the Treatment of Patients With Advanced-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma (2016)

Advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) used to be a fatal malignancy. This has changed with the advent of multiagent chemotherapy. However, with an increasing number of patients being cured, acute and long-term adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy have become more relevant and need to be taken into account when planning new treatments. Today, the most often used regimens in the first-line setting are doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) and bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone–escalated (BEACOPP-e). ABVD is cheaper, easier to administer, and better tolerated than BEACOPP-e but less effective. Approximately two thirds of patients can be cured primarily with ABVD compared with 90% with BEACOPP-e. 1 Still, ABVD is more widely used. For relapsing patients, aggressive salvage, including highdose chemotherapy, is the standard of care. This procedure is associated with severe toxicity and, depending on age and performance status, a treatment-related mortality of more than 10%. 2 In addition, more than 50% of those who relapse will experience a second relapse thatis associatedwith lessthan10%long-term survival. 3 Thequestion is, How can we improve the risk-benefit ratio in the treatment of advanced-stage HL? Two clinical trials in the accompanying articles in Journal of Clinical Oncology address this question. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer EORTC-20012 (Comparison of Two Combination Chemotherapy Regimens in Treating Patients With Stage III or Stage IV Hodgkin’s Lymphoma) study reported by Carde et al 4 compared eight cycles of ABVD with four cycles of BEACOPP-e followed by four cycles of BEACOPP-baseline (4 1 4). The investigators chose event-free survival as the primary end point, which they defined as a combination of early discontinuation of treatment, failure to achieve complete response, relapse, and progression or death. The authors did not find differences between the two regimens in terms of their definition of event-free survival; however, when using the recommended end point for phase III studies in patients with lymphoma (progression-free survival [PFS]), there was a significant advantage for the BEACOPP variant (difference in favor of 4 1 4 over ABVD was 10.6%; P 5.005). This translated into an overall survival (OS) difference of 3.3% at a median follow-up of 3.6 years (4-year estimated OS for ABVD was 86.7%). The study was not powered to test for significance in OS; however, the better OS is well in line with the PFS difference. Patients were enrolled
F-test in matched field processing: identifying multimode propagation (2002)

Addresses the simultaneous detection and classification of signal arrivals, as well as the estimation of source parameters of signals impinging on an array of sensors. The authors develop a procedure for short-time stationary broadband signal propagation in a shallow ocean. The procedure is applied to sensor data obtained from a towed horizontal receiver array in the Baltic Sea for interpreting the impinging signals. The authors apply a multiple test procedure to three propagation models: a Green's function model, uncorrelated normal modes and plane waves. They apply an F-test which calculates signal to noise ratios for the three models, and select the model with highest SNR. Thereby, they are able to classify previous phantom bearing estimations as uncorrelated normal mode propagation originating from the towing ship itself.
Long-term Results of an Unloader Brace in Patients With Unicompartmental Knee Osteoarthritis (2011)

Previously, we reported a prospective study of 30 patients with unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee treated nonoperatively with an unloader brace and average follow-up of 2.7 years. Although the initial study suggested short-term benefit according to pain and function measures, the objective of the current study was to evaluate these same patients via telephone questionnaire to determine the status of their brace use and any surgical procedures on the affected limb. Because we noted that even at 2.7 years, some patients opted for surgical management despite good response to bracing, our hypothesis was that these patients would not opt for long-term brace wear. Twenty-four of 30 patients were available for reporting based on telephone interview; in addition, we talked with family members of 5 patients who had died. When evaluated at 2.7 years, 41% of the 30 patients were still using the brace, 35% had discontinued brace use, and 24% had undergone arthroplasty. When contacted for the follow-up survey at an average of 11.2 years, 17 (58.6%) of the 29 patients had undergone arthroplasty. The mean interval between initial evaluation and arthroplasty was 3.9 years. In addition, 7 patients had undergone arthroscopic surgery. Importantly, none of the patients were still wearing the brace. The use of an unloader brace is effective in providing short-term pain relief and improved function; however, most patients subsequently opt for total knee replacement on the symptomatic knee.