gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
107Thoracoscopicepicardial left atrial appendage occlusion in stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation - long-term resultes (2017)

Background: Dispersion of action potential duration (APD) and repolarization are important factors in the genesis of ventricular arrhythmia, facilitating functional block and reentry. Present substrate mapping of VT not only fails to account for repolarization of the tissue, but assesses scar/voltage in a planar fashion. However, arrhythmias within the heart do not traverse a one-dimensional course. It is highly likely that the wavefront is heterogeneous, taking complex paths involving endocardium, mid-myocardium and epicardium. The transmural differences of action potential duration (APD), across scar borderzone, are poorly defined in the intact human heart. Heterogeneity in APD and total repolarization time (RT) across the ventricular wall may play an important part in the generation and sustainment of three-dimensional ventricular tachycardia (VT) circuits.
Model Tests of Earth Pressure on Buried Rigid Pipes and Flexible Pipes underneath Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) (2019)

To obtain the optimal load‐reduction scheme and calculation method of earth pressure on the crown of the pipe, the load‐reduction efficiency of rigid pipe and flexible pipe with different thicknesses and layers of expanded polystyrene (EPS) is investigated by model tests, and the law of load reduction is obtained by analyzing the earth pressure and the displacements of the filling around the pipe. The test results show that the earth pressure is obviously reduced with EPS laying on the crown of pipe, and the load‐reduction efficiency is increased to be constant with increasing of EPS thickness. In the case that the summation thickness of EPS is constant, the load‐reduction efficiency of EPS with two layers spread on the pipe is higher than that of one layer only. Compared with the rigid pipe, the load‐reducing effect of flexible pipe is more significant. Based on the data obtained from the model tests, the nonlinear earth pressure calculation formula obtained from regression analysis is adopted, and the results from it are compared with the existing formula consequences of the earth pressure on the buried pipe. The results show that the earth pressure calculated by nonlinear earth pressure theory is on the brink of that tested in the field. The research results can provide references for selection of load‐reduction measures and calculation of earth pressure on the crown of the pipe.
Vol-Bond: an analytical solution (2003)

Abstract We find an analytical solution of the Vol-Bond according to the multi-factor Gaussian Heath-Jarrow-Morton model. We show how to calibrate the model with market data. This solution allows complete (and fast) control of this class of derivatives and of their sensitivities.
Anomalous surface impedance in reentrant ferromagnetic superconductors (1985)

We report evidence which suggests surface ferromagnetism in a ferromagnetic superconductor arising from the competition between the Meissner current shielding effect and the fluctuations of the localized magnetic moments. We have measured the surface impedance penetration depth Λ of ErRh4B4 and Er0.5Ho0.5Rh4B4 by employing a spectrometer operated at 9 GHz. For ErRh4B4, owing to the critical spin fluctuations just above Ts (&amp;gt;Tc2), the critical temperature at which surface ferromagnetism appears, Λ−1 decreases smoothly as temperature decreases toward Ts. For Er0.5Ho0.5Rh4B4, the decrease of Λ−1 arising from spin fluctuations for T&amp;gt;Tc2 is very small, and Λ−1 decreases abruptly at Tc2. We will discuss the theory and show how the predicted values of Λ(T) compare well with the observed values.
Co-operative binding of human fibronectin to SfbI protein triggers streptococcal invasion into respiratory epithelial cells (2000)

Streptococcal fibronectin binding protein I (SfbI) mediates adherence to and invasion of Streptococcus pyogenes into human epithelial cells. In this study, we analysed the binding activity of distinct domains of SfbI protein towards its ligand, the extracellular matrix component fibronectin, as well as the biological implication of the binding events during the infection process. By using purified recombinant SfbI derivatives as well as in vivo expressed SfbI domains on the surface of heterologous organism Streptococcus gordonii, we were able to dissociate the two major streptococcal target domains on the human fibronectin molecule. The SfbI repeat region exclusively bound to the 30 kDa N-terminal fragment of fibronectin, whereas the SfbI spacer region exclusively bound to the 45 kDa collagen-binding fragment of fibronectin. In the case of native surface-expressed SfbI protein, an induced fit mode of bacteria-fibronectin interaction was identified. We demonstrate that binding of the 30 kDa fibronectin fragment to the repeat region of SfbI protein co-operatively activates the adjacent SfbI spacer domain to bind the 45 kDa fibronectin fragment. The biological consequence arising from this novel mode of fibronectin targeting was analysed in eukaryotic cell invasion assays. The repeat region of SfbI protein is mediating adherence and constitutes a prerequisite for subsequent invasion, whereas the SfbI spacer domain efficiently triggers the invasion process of streptococci into the eukaryotic cell. Thus, we were able to dissect bacterial adhesion from invasion by manipulating one protein. SfbI protein therefore represents a highly evolved prokaryotic molecule that exploits the host factor fibronectin not only for extracellular targeting but also for its subsequent activation that leads to efficient cellular invasion.
Hydration Regulates The Thermodynamic Stability Of Dna Structures Under Molecular Crowding Conditions (2007)

Although water is an integral part of DNA structures, the effects of water molecules on various DNA structures which are formed by not only Watson-Crick but also Hoogsteen base pairs are still unclear. Here, we studied quantitatively the effects of molecular crowding on the thermodynamics of a parallel G-quadruplex formation of [d(TG 4)2]4 with Hoogsteen base pairs. It was demonstrated that molecular crowding conditions stabilized the parallel G-quadruplex. Moreover, the plot of stability of the parallel G-quadruplex structure versus water activity suggested that water molecules were released through the G-quadruplex formation. The stabilization of the DNA structures consisting of Hoogsteen base pairs under cell-like conditions may lead to a structural polymorphism of various DNA sequences regulated by water molecules.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Opening Reactions of Deltacyclene Epoxides. (1990)

Abstract The deltacyclenes (I), prepared by a known procedure, are epoxidized to form the oxiranes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: NEUARTIGE CYANINE 6. MITT. O‐ACYLIERTE VINYLOGE SAEUREAMIDE (1970)

Abstract Durch Reaktion der vinylogen Säureamide (I) mit den Bromiden (II) in Äther unter Feuchtigkeitsausschluß entstehen die sehr reaktiven elektrophilen vinylogen Säureamide (III) (89‐98%).
Free vibrations of a plate with varying number of supports (1973)

This experimental investigation tested the accuracy of an analysis which predicts the natural frequencies of vibration of a plate constrained by an arbitrary number of point supports along the edges, and also determined the number of such supports which approximates an infinite number.
Experimental and Numerical Studies of a High-Head Francis Turbine: A Review of the Francis-99 Test Case (2016)

Hydraulic turbines are widely used to meet real-time electricity demands. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) techniques have played an important role in the design and development of such turbines. The simulation of a complete turbine requires substantial computational resources. A specific approach that is applied to investigate the flow field of one turbine may not work for another turbine. A series of Francis-99 workshops have been planned to discuss and explore the CFD techniques applied within the field of hydropower with application to high-head Francis turbines. The first workshop was held in December 2014 at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway. The steady-state measurements were conducted on a model Francis turbine. Three operating points, part load, best efficiency point, and high load, were investigated. The complete geometry, meshing, and experimental data concerning the hydraulic efficiency, pressure, and velocity were provided to the academic and industrial research groups. Various researchers have conducted extensive numerical studies on the high-head Francis turbine, and the obtained results were presented during the workshop. This paper discusses the presented numerical results and the important outcome of the extensive numerical studies on the Francis turbine. The use of a wall function assuming equilibrium between the production and dissipation of turbulence is widely used in the simulation of hydraulic turbines. The boundary layer of hydraulic turbines is not fully developed because of the continuously-changing geometry and large pressure gradients. There is a need to develop wall functions that enable the estimation of viscous losses under boundary development for accurate simulations. Improved simulations and results enable reliable estimation of the blade loading. Numerical investigations on leakage flow through the labyrinth seals were conducted. The volumetric efficiency and losses in the seals were determined. The seal leakage losses formulated through analytical techniques are sufficient.
Linear and Bent Oxo-Bridged Dimers of Ruthenium Pyrazole Nitrosyls (2000)

The nitrosylation of RuCl3·(H2O)x in thionyl chloride affords anhydrous [RuCl3(NO)] which, when treated with a variety of ligands L, gives [RuCl3(L)2(NO)]. For L = 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (dmpH) it is possible to isolate and characterize the corresponding monomeric complex 1 as well as unusual oxo-bridged dimeric products with nitrosyl ligands trans to the oxo ligand with either a linear geometry, as in trans-O[RuCl2(NO)(dmpH)2] (2) and [Cl4(NO)Ru]O[Ru(NO)(dmpH)4] (4), or with a bent geometry, as in trans-O[RuCl(NO)(dmpH)(μ-dmp)]2 (3). These compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis and vibrational and NMR spectroscopy, as well as by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Collectively the structural and spectroscopic data support a delocalized π-bonding model across the linear ON−Ru−O−Ru−NO framework.
Production of White Colonies on CHROMagar Candida Medium by Members of the Candida glabrata Clade and Other Species with Overlapping Phenotypic Traits (2008)

We hypothesized that species of the Candida glabrata clade and species with phenotypic traits that overlap those of C. glabrata would produce white colonies on CHROMagar Candida medium. Of 154 isolates (seven species) tested, C. bracarensis, C. nivariensis, C. norvegensis, C. glabrata, and C. inconspicua produced white colonies; the Pichia fermentans group and C. krusei did not. Many of these species are difficult to identify phenotypically; white colonies may signal the need for the use of molecular approaches.
Comparison of SiO<sub>2</sub> and AIN as Gate Dielectric for SiC MOS Structures (1998)

The electrical properties of silicon dioxide (thermal oxidation) and aluminum nitride (metal organic chemical vapor deposition) have been compared for use as gate dielectric for silicon carbide metal insulator semiconductor structures. High frequency capacitance voltage measurements at room temperature were used to investigate fixed charge and deep interface states. The deep interface states could be passivated with hydrogen if introduced during growth of silicon dioxide. Although results are promising for aluminum nitride, the morphology of the films grown so far do not allow a fair comparison with silicon dioxide.
The anti-inflammatory drug Diclofenac retains anti-listerial activityin vivo (2008)

This is the first in vivo study designed to evaluate the antilisterial effect of the NSAID Dc with special emphasis on the immunological mechanism of action of the drug.
Computational validity of neuroimaging software: the case of population receptive fields (2020)

Neuroimaging software methods are complex, making it a near certainty that some implementations will contain errors. Modern computational techniques (i.e. public code and data repositories, continuous integration, containerization) enable the reproducibility of the analyses and reduce coding errors, but cannot guarantee the scientific validity of the results. It is difficult, nay impossible, for researchers to check the accuracy of software by reading the source code; ground truth test datasets are needed. Computational reproducibility means providing software so that for the same input anyone obtains the same result, right or wrong. Computational validity means obtaining the right result for the same input data. We describe a framework for validating and sharing software implementations. We apply the framework to an application: population receptive field (pRF) methods for functional MRI data. The framework is composed of three main components implemented with containerization methods to guarantee computational reproducibility: (1) synthesis of fMRI time series from ground-truth pRF parameters, (2) implementation of four public pRF analysis tools and standardization of inputs and outputs, and (3) report creation to compare the results with the ground truth parameters. The framework and methods can be extended to other critical neuroimaging algorithms. In assessing validity across four implementations, we found and reported five coding errors. Most importantly, our results showed imperfect parameter recovery, with variation in ground truth values of one parameter influencing recovery of other parameters. This effect was present in all implementations. The computational validity framework supports scientific rigor and creativity, as opposed to the oft-repeated suggestion that investigators rely upon a few agreed upon packages. Having validation frameworks help (a) developers to build new software, (b) research scientists to verify the software’s accuracy, and (c) reviewers to evaluate the methods used in publications and grants.
Molecular characterization of a Campylobacter jejuni 29-kilodalton periplasmic binding protein (1996)

Campylobacter jejuni, a gram-negative, microaerophilic, spiral bacterium, is a common cause of human gastrointestinal disease. Although investigators commonly use C. jejuni glycine-hydrochloride extracts in assays to determine the products that promote the binding of the organism to eukaryotic cells, the proteins contained within these extracts remain ill defined. Characterization of these proteins will provide a better understanding of C. jejuni gene regulation and organization. An antiserum was raised against a C. jejuni 29-kDa gel-purified protein detected in glycine-hydrochloride extracts. This antiserum was used to screen an expression library of C. jejuni. A reactive clone that contained an open reading frame of 256 amino acids was identified. The cloned gene was transcribed and translated, and the product was exported to the periplasmic space in Escherichia coli XL1-Blue. The translated C. jejuni product, designated P29, exhibited significant similarity to the histidine and lysine-arginine-ornithine periplasmic binding proteins (HisJ and LAO, respectively) of Salmonella typhimurium. The C. jejuni gene encoding the P29 protein complemented an S. typhimurium HisJ mutant but not a LAO mutant when provided in trans. These data suggest that the C. jejuni gene encoding the P29 protein is a homolog of the S. typhimurium hisJ gene.
Strong electron emission from patterned tin-indium oxide thin films (1975)

Strong electron emission is reported from patterned thin films of tin-indium oxide and preliminary studies of this phenomenon are presented. The pattern, etched in the sputtered films using standard photolithographic techniques, is an "H" or "dumbbell" shape with a narrow crossbar. With crossbars 0.1 mm wide, in excess of 1.5 mA of emission current is typically seen with a current of 15 mA through the sample and 300 V on a collector 2 cm from the sample. The emitters are physically rugged and are not damaged by operation in a vacuum as poor as 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> Torr.
Biocompatible Polyurethane-Based Hydrogel (1994)

A polyurethane polymer developed at W. R. Grace has been evaluated for a variety of biomedical applications. The primary property of the polymer exploited for these applications is its ability to prevent protein adsorption when coated on a surface. The prepolymer consists of a trifunctional poly(ethyleneoxide-propylene oxide) triol end capped with isophorone diisocyanate. The prepolymer is reactive with water and can be converted to a hydrogel, a thin coating, or a soluble conjugate with another compound. Each category lends itself to separate biomedical applications which are described in detail. The non-toxic nature of the polymer was demonstrated in a number of systems and suggests its utility in biomedical applications.
Solubility Screening on a Series of Structurally Related Compounds: Cosolvent-Induced Changes on the Activity Coefficient of Hydrophobic Solutes (2008)

A homologous series of solutes was chosen as a model for a group of structurally related compounds with different physicochemical properties, as is commonly the case during the screening of potential drug candidates. Thermal properties of the crystalline solutes and solubility determinations were used to quantify the two independent factors that determine the solubility of organic compounds: crystallinity and hydrophobicity. A solubility screening study was conducted on the series. By expressing the obtained solubility enhancement expressed as changes in the activity coefficient, it is possible to visually compare the effect of different cosolvents. The results show the importance of solute-solvent polarity match. Polarity match between water miscible cosolvents and hydrophobic compounds is not truly attainable, but comparison of the screening results points out the closest matches (optimal effect), facilitating the systematic evaluation of solubilization approaches.
Conceptual design of a coal-fired MHD retrofit plant. Quarterly technical progress report, April 1991--June 1991 (1991)

Westinghouse Advanced Energy Systems (WAES), through Contract No. DE-AC22-87PC79668 funded by US DOE/PETC, is conducting a conceptual design study to evaluate a coal fired MHD retrofit of a utility plant of sufficient size to demonstrate the technical and future economic viability of an MHD system operating within an electric utility environment. The utility plant considered in this study is the Scholz Generating Station which is owned and operated by Gulf Power Company, a member of the Southern Company. In the earlier tasks of this study, the Westinghouse design team was comprised of the following members: Southern Electric International (the architectural engineering arm of the Southern Company), University of Tennessee Space Institute (UTSI), Seitec, Inc., HMJ Corporation, STD Research Corp, and the Westinghouse Science Center. A previous contract deliverable report documented the efforts of this team over the period of performance from October 1987 through April 1989. The objective of this project is to prepare a site-specific conceptual design of a coal-fired magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) system for retrofit to the Scholz Generating Station, Sneads, Florida.
Backgating and light sensitivity in ion-implanted GaAs integrated circuits (1982)

Ion-implanted GaAs integrated circuits have been characterized under dark and illuminated conditions to determine the sensitivity of ac parameters to light. Auxiliary experiments were performed on discrete IC elements using white and monochromatic illumination and backgating. Discrete MESFET's were characterized under the various conditions to determine corresponding variations in the magnitudes of Sehottky-barrier height and parasitic channel resistances. We have determined that light sensitivity and backgating are strongly interrelated and arise from a depletion layer at the substrate active-layer interface. We will describe the effect of trap filling on channel resistance and the resulting speed-power variations arising from illumination and backgating.
Numerical simulation model of multijunction solar cell (2012)

Multi-junction solar cells play an important and significant role in the Concentrated Photovoltaic (CPV) Systems. Recent developments in Concentrated Photovoltaic concerning high power production and cost effective- ness along with better efficiency are due to the advancements in multi-junction cells. Boeing SpectroLab Inc. has introduced a Multi-junction solar cell employing tunnel junctions which improves efficiency up to 40%. This paper presents a simulation model of the generalized Multi-junction solar cell. The model adopts a mathematical approach in order to simulate and investigate the cell characterization curves including current density and power curves with respect to the applied voltage for different concentration levels and number of junctions and by varying the material properties of the multi-junctions and the tunneling layer. The proposed simulation model simulates the performance characteristics of two different natures of multi-junction solar cells including InGaP/GaAs Dual-junction Solar Cell (DJSC) with tunneling layer of InGaP and InGaP /GaAs/Ge Triple-Junction Solar Cell (TJSC) with tunneling layer of GaAs. Simulation results are presented in this paper which is in agreement with experimental results.
Cannabinoids fail to show evidence of slowing down the progression of multiple sclerosis (2015)

Commentary on : Ball S, Vickery J, Hobart J, et al. The Cannabinoid Use in Progressive Inflammatory brain disease (CUPID) trial: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled parallel-group multicentre trial and economic evaluation of cannabinoids to slow progression in multiple sclerosis. Health Technol Asess 2015;19:1–187.[OpenUrl][1] Despite the increasing number of effective disease modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS), there are no effective therapies for the progressive, neurodegenerative phase of the disease. There is now abundant experimental evidence that cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system are protective factors in animal models of MS and also other neurodegenerative conditions. This randomised controlled trial (RCT) aimed to investigate the potential neuroprotective properties of the prototypical cannabinoid Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) as measured by the slowing of the progressive phase … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DHealth%2BTechnol%2BAsess%26rft.volume%253D19%26rft.spage%253D1%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
Efficient RFID-based mobile object localization (2010)

Location-awareness of mobile objects is the key to numerous emerging ubiquitous computing applications. We show that RFID technology can be leveraged to achieve mobile object localization in an inexpensive, power efficient, scalable, widely applicable, flexible, and user-friendly manner. We outline the challenges that can adversely affect RFID-based localization techniques, and propose solutions to mitigate them. We present several algorithms for RFID-based mobile object localization that compare favorably or exceed previous methods in terms of accuracy, speed, reliability, scalability, and cost.