gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Creatine transporter protein content, localization, and gene expression in rat skeletal muscle (2001)

The present study examined the gene expression and cellular localization of the creatine transporter (CreaT) protein in rat skeletal muscle. Soleus (SOL) and red (RG) and white gastrocnemius (WG) muscles were analyzed for CreaT mRNA, CreaT protein, and total creatine (TCr) content. Cellular location of the CreaT protein was visualized with immunohistochemical analysis of muscle cross sections. TCr was higher (P < or = 0.05) in WG than in both RG and SOL, and was higher in RG than in SOL. Total CreaT protein content was greater (P < or = 0.05) in SOL and RG than in WG. Two bands (55 and 70 kDa) of the CreaT protein were found in all muscle types. Both the 55-kDa (CreaT-55) and the 70-kDa (CreaT-70) bands were present in greater (P < or = 0.05) amounts in SOL and RG than in WG. SOL and RG had a greater amount (P < or = 0.05) of CreaT-55 than CreaT-70. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the CreaT was mainly associated with the sarcolemmal membrane in all muscle types. CreaT mRNA expression per microgram of total RNA was similar across the three muscle types. These data indicate that rat SOL and RG have an enhanced potential to transport Cr compared with WG, despite a higher TCr in the latter.
A Knock-In Tristetraprolin (TTP) Zinc Finger Point Mutation in Mice: Comparison with Complete TTP Deficiency (2017)

Tristetraprolin (TTP) is a tandem CCCH zinc finger protein that can bind to AU-rich element-containing mRNAs and promote their decay. TTP knockout mice develop a severe inflammatory syndrome, largely due to excess tumor necrosis factor (TNF), whose mRNA is a direct target of TTP binding and destabilization. TTP's RNA binding activity and its ability to promote mRNA decay are lost when one of the zinc-coordinating residues of either zinc finger is mutated. To address several long-standing questions about TTP activity in intact animals, we developed a knock-in mouse with a cysteine-to-arginine mutation within the first zinc finger. Homozygous knock-in mice developed a severe inflammatory syndrome that was essentially identical to that of complete TTP deficiency, suggesting that TTP's critical anti-inflammatory role in mammalian physiology is secondary to its ability to bind RNA. In addition, there was no evidence for a "dominant-negative" effect of the mutant allele in heterozygotes, as suggested by previous experiments. Finally, mRNA decay experiments in mutant macrophages demonstrated that TTP can regulate the stability of its own mRNA, albeit to a minor extent. These studies suggest that RNA binding is an essential first step in the physiological activities of members of this protein family.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Thiomethylation of Carboxylic Acid Hydrazides. (2014)

Abstract N′,N′‐bis(sulfanylmethyl)carbohydrazides and N‐substituted dithiazepanes, dithiazocanes, and dithiazonanes are efficiently obtained by thiomethylation of carboxylic acid hydrazides mediated by transition metal‐based and rare earth‐based catalysts.
Compact all-CMOS spatiotemporal compressive sensing video camera with pixel-wise coded exposure (2016)

We present a low power all-CMOS implementation of temporal compressive sensing with pixel-wise coded exposure. This image sensor can increase video pixel resolution and frame rate simultaneously while reducing data readout speed. Compared to previous architectures, this system modulates pixel exposure at the individual photo-diode electronically without external optical components. Thus, the system provides reduction in size and power compare to previous optics based implementations. The prototype image sensor (127 × 90 pixels) can reconstruct 100 fps videos from coded images sampled at 5 fps. With 20× reduction in readout speed, our CMOS image sensor only consumes 14μW to provide 100 fps videos.
Méthodes d'échantillonnage appliquées à l'imagerie de défauts dans un guide d'ondes élastiques (2018)

Widely used structures in an industrial context, such as plates, pipes or rails, can be considered as waveguides. Hence efficient Non Destructive Testing techniques are needed in order to detect defects in these structure during their maintenance. This work is about adapting a sampling method, the Linear Sampling Method, to the context of NDT for elastic waveguides. This context implies that the sollicitations and measurements must be on the surface of the waveguide in a time-dependent regime. A modal and multi-frequency formulation of the LSM, specific to waveguides, has been chosen to solve the problem. This formulation allows an efficient and physical regularization of the inverse problem, which is naturally ill-posed. An optimization of the number of sources and measurements and of their positioning is possible thanks to the methodology used to solve the problem. The scalar case of an acoustic waveguide is considered as a first step, while the vectorial case of an elastic waveguide, more complex by nature, is addressed in a second time.The efficiency of the method is at first tested on artificial data (numerically made), and then on real data obtained from experiments on metallic plates. These experiments show the feasibility of using sampling methods for Non Destructive Testing in an industrial context. In the case when only one sollicitation is available, the LSM can not be applied. A completely different approach is then used, which is called the ``exterior'' approach, coupling a mixed formulation of quasi-reversibility and a level-set method in order to recover the shape of the defect.
On the effects of moisture in a polyurethane shape memory polymer (2003)

It was observed that the polyurethane shape memory polymer (SMP) loses its shape fixing capability after being exposed in the air at room temperature for several days. A significant indication for this change is the continuous decrease of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polyurethane. Accompanying the decrease of Tg, the uniaxial tensile behaviour also changes. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests were carried out to find the cause behind this phenomenon. Moisture was concluded as the main reason. A mathematical expression was obtained for the relationship between Tg and the moisture. Moreover, the polyurethane shape memory polymer can fully regain its original properties after being heated at temperatures above 180 °C, which is the melting temperature of this SMP.
All-Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Push-Pull Zinc Porphyrin and Metal-Free Organic Sensitizers (2015)

Porphyrins have been designed and synthesized based on the molecular structure of YD2-oC8 for applications of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) to reach PCE 13 % using cobalt-based liquid-type electrolyte. However, traditional liquid-type devices suffered from leaking of electrolyte and the best solution is to replace it with solid hole transporting materials like spiro-OMeTAD. In this lecture, I will present our recent results of all-solid-state DSSC based on a series of novel porphyrin sensitizers together with co-sensitization of porphyrins with organic dyes and/or porphyrin dimers. Extension of p-conjugation can be achieved by attaching various cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon substituents, such as anthracene, tetracene, pyrene, fluorene, and amino-substituted electron-donating groups opposite to the anchoring group of the target porphyrin. The reference porphyrin is the LD14 dye, which makes a traditional DSSC attaining PCE 9.2 % using iodine-based electrolyte. When the functional group has been inserted into the position between porphyrin core and the donor group, the efficiency of the device made of spiro-OMeTAD HTM attained PCE 4.1 %. The solid state device has the configuration FTO/TiO 2 (1.8 mm)/porphyrin/spiro (180 nm)/Ag. Another new push-pull porphyrin was designed to insert the functional group Benzothiadiazole (BTD) in the position between the porphyrin core and the anchoring group. By co-sensitization of this porphyrin with a newly designed organic dye on a TiO 2 film of 1.8 mm, the solid-state device showed a promising performance with PCE 5.5 %. Both time-resolved (TAS) and frequency-domain (EIS) techniques were applied to understand charge transport and recombination kinetics with respect to their photovoltaic performances.
Assisted Human-in-the-Loop Adaptation of Web Pages for Mobile Devices (2013)

Companies seeking to make their web sites usable for viewing by mobile devices currently need to create a parallel set of web pages designed and built specifically for browsing by devices with screen size and computing constraints. Most companies, however, do not have IT resources to spare for this essentially duplicate manual effort. Hence, effective techniques that can ease the burden of developing mobile web pages can be of great value. In this paper, we present the architecture, design and implementation of a 'web site mobilizer' for semi-automatically converting existing web pages to pages suitable for mobile viewing. The mobilizer extracts the component hierarchy of the page using web crawler techniques, analyzes the structure of the web page, and then converts it to the mobile version using a combination of techniques that include link analysis, ranking algorithms based on component content, and interactive removal of irrelevant content. This mobilizer is in limited production use.
Role of Asp222 in the catalytic mechanism of Escherichia coli aspartate aminotransferase: the amino acid residue which enhances the function of the enzyme-bound coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (1992)

Asp222 is an invariant residue in all known sequences of aspartate aminotransferases from a variety of sources and is located within a distance of strong ionic interaction with N(1) of the coenzyme, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), or pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP). This residue of Escherichia coli aspartate aminotransferase was replaced by Ala, Asn, or Glu by site-directed mutagenesis. The PLP form of the mutant enzyme D222E showed pH-dependent spectral changes with a pKa value of 6.44 for the protonation of the internal aldimine bond, slightly lower than that (6.7) for the wild-type enzyme. In contrast, the internal aldimine bond in the D222A or D222N enzyme did not titrate over the pH range 5.3-9.5, and a 430-nm band attributed to the protonated aldimine persisted even at high pH. The binding affinity of the D222A and D222N enzymes for PMP decreased by 3 orders of magnitude as compared to that of the wild-type enzyme. Pre-steady-state half-transamination reactions of all the mutant enzymes with substrates exhibited anomalous progress curves comprising multiphasic exponential processes, which were accounted for by postulating several kinetically different enzyme species for both the PLP and PMP forms of each mutant enzyme. While the replacement of Asp222 by Glu yielded fairly active enzyme species, the replacement by Ala and Asn resulted in 8600- and 20,000-fold decreases, respectively, in the catalytic efficiency (kmax/Kd value for the most active species of each mutant enzyme) in the reactions of the PLP form with aspartate. In contrast, the catalytic efficiency of the PMP form of the D222A or D222N enzyme with 2-oxoglutarate was still retained at a level as high as 2-10% of that of the wild-type enzyme. The presteady-state reactions of these two mutant enzymes with [2-2H]aspartate revealed a deuterium isotope effect (kH/kD = 6.0) greater than that [kH/kD = 2.2; Kuramitsu, S., Hiromi, K., Hayashi, H., Morino, Y., & Kagamiyama, H. (1990) Biochemistry 29, 5469-5476] for the wild-type enzyme. These findings indicate that the presence of a negatively charged residue at position 222 is particularly critical for the withdrawal of the alpha-proton of the amino acid substrate and accelerates this rate-determining step by about 5 kcal.mol-1. Thus it is concluded that Asp222 serves as a protein ligand tethering the coenzyme in a productive mode within the active site and stabilizes the protonated N(1) of the coenzyme to strengthen the electron-withdrawing capacity of the coenzyme.
Summary of 1993 World Health Organisation-International Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of mild hypertension. Subcommittee of WHO/ISH Mild Hypertension Liaison committee. (1993)

As part of the ongoing process of issuing guidelines for managing hypertension the World Health Organisation and International Society of Hypertension present a summary of the latest guidelines for the management of mild hypertension. In both young and elderly people this condition is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and should be treated. Information is presented on methods of diagnostic evaluation and assessment of risk. Methods of treatment, including changes in lifestyle, are covered.
On the Power and Offset Allocation for Rate Adaptation of Spatial Multiplexing in Optical Wireless MIMO Channels (2013)

In this paper, we consider resource allocation method in the visible light communication. It is challenging to achieve high data rate due to the limited bandwidth of the optical sources. In order to increase the spectral efficiency, we design a suitable multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system utilizing spatial multiplexing based on singular value decomposition and adaptive modulation. More specifically, after explaining why the conventional allocation method in radio frequency MIMO channels cannot be applied directly to the optical intensity channels, we theoretically derive a power allocation method for an arbitrary number of transmit and receive antennas for optical wireless MIMO systems. Based on three key constraints: the nonnegativity of the intensity-modulated signal, the aggregate optical power budget, and the bit error rate requirement, we propose a novel method to allocate the optical power, the offset value, and the modulation size. Based on some selected simulation results, we show that our proposed allocation method gives a better spectral efficiency at the expense of an increased computational complexity in comparison to a simple method that allocates the optical power equally among all the data streams.
Los retos del convenio marco para el control del tabaco en México: un diagnóstico a partir de la Encuesta sobre Tabaquismo en Jóvenes Main challenges of the framework convention on tobacco control in Mexico: a surveillance report from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (2006)

OBJETIVO: Analizar la información de la Encuesta sobre Tabaquismo en Jóvenes (ETJ) sobre consumo de cigarrillo y otros indicadores que resulten útiles para una medición inicial de las condiciones en que el país ratificó el Convenio Marco para el Control del Tabaco (CMCT). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: La ETJ usa un diseño de muestreo por conglomerado en dos etapas que genera muestras representativas de estudiantes de 12 a 15 años de las escuelas secundarias públicas, privadas y técnicas. Incluye 42 024 estudiantes de 492 escuelas en el periodo 2003-2005. Se aplicó un modelo de regresión logística y se obtuvieron razones de momios crudas y ajustadas. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de fumadores en el mes anterior a la encuesta fue de 19.96% (IC95% 18.1-21.8). El índice de susceptibilidad de iniciarse en el consumo de cigarrillos fue de 25%. A 60% de los fumadores que compraron cigarrillos no les negaron la venta por ser menores de edad. El 54% de los estudiantes declara que está expuesto al humo de tabaco en lugares públicos y 86% ha visto anuncios de cigarrillos en exteriores en el mes previo a la encuesta. CONCLUSIÓN: Una intervención integral debe orientarse a impedir el acceso de los menores a los cigarrillos; dificultar el acto de fumar y prohibir toda forma de publicidad del tabaco. Asimismo, se deben ofrecer opciones a quienes deseen dejar de fumar y educar a los adolescentes y sus familias sobre los daños a la salud de los fumadores y no fumadores.<br>OBJECTIVE: This study presents findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) regarding current cigarette smoking and other tobacco epidemic indicators. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The GYTS used a two-stage cluster sample survey to generate representative samples of students aged 12 to 15 years old enrolled in public, private and technical schools. The survey was undertaken at 492 schools in 21 cities. The GYTS surveyed 42 024 students between the years 2003 and 2005. A logistic regression model was applied and crude and adjusted odds ratios were estimated. RESULTS: The overall current smoking rate during the 30 days preceding the survey was 19.96% (95% CI 18.1-21.8). Among those who never smoked, 25% were likely to begin smoking in the following year. Sixty percent of current smokers who bought their cigarettes in stores were not refused purchase because of their age. Exposure to advertising in outside areas was 86 and 54% of students reported to have been exposed to smoke in public places. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive tobacco control programs should prevent access by minors to cigarettes, make it more difficult to smoke, and prohibit all forms of tobacco advertising. In addition, options should be provided for those who wish to quit smoking and adolescents and their families should be educated with respect to the dangers of smoking.
Bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel(0) (2006)

[1295-35-8] C16H24Ni (MW 275.08) InChI = 1S/2C8H12.Ni/c2*1-2-4-6-8-7-5-3-1;/h2*1-2,7-8H,3-6H2;/b2*2-1-,8-7-; InChIKey = JRTIUDXYIUKIIE-KZUMESAESA-N (Ni(cod)2 is a source of nickel(0) useful for the preparation of π-allylnickel halides,2 for coupling of aryl and alkenyl halides,3 and for the oligomerization and cycloaddition of strained alkenes,4 of alkynes,5 and of 1,3-dienes6) Physical Data: mp 60 °C dec (N2). Solubility: sol benzene, toluene, THF, ether, DMF, HMPA, N-methylpyrrolidinone. Form Supplied in: yellow-orange crystals of 98+% purity. Analysis of Reagent Purity: 1H NMR: δ 4.31 (br, CH), 2.08 (br, CH2).1 Preparative Methods: the standard preparation2b is a modification of the original procedure by Wilke and co-workers7 and involves the reduction of Nickel(II) Acetylacetonate, Ni(acac)2, with Triethylaluminum in the presence of 1,5-cyclooctadiene (cod) and 1,3-butadiene in toluene. A more convenient preparation utilizes Diisobutylaluminum Hydride (DIBAL) as the reducing agent.8 In a typical reaction, 45.4 mL of a 1.0 M THF solution of DIBAL was added to a 250 mL Schlenk flask containing 4.67 g of Ni(acac)2, and 7.93 g cod in THF solution under a nitrogen atmosphere at −78 °C. The resulting dark, reddish-brown solution was warmed to 0 °C and treated with diethyl ether to give a light yellow precipitate. Filtration under nitrogen gave a 72% yield of Ni(cod)2 which was suitable for immediate use. Optional recrystallization from toluene under inert atmosphere gave bright yellow-orange needles with 40% recovery. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: highly oxygen sensitive. Special inert-atmosphere techniques must be used.9 Should be stored at 0 °C.
Genetic diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia by targeted next‐generation sequencing (2014)

Using a combination of clinical criteria and targeted next-generation sequencing, we have achieved FH diagnosis with a high success rate. Furthermore, we identified a new splicing-site mutation in the LDLR gene.
Supplementary Table 2 from Aberrant Methylation of <i>RASGRF1</i> Is Associated with an Epigenetic Field Defect and Increased Risk of Gastric Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLS file - 154K, Genes hypermethylated in background gastric mucosae from patients with intestinal type GC&lt;/p&gt;
Spectral characteristics of sound transmission in the human respiratory system (1990)

The amplitude of sound transmission from the mouth to a site overlying the extrathoracic trachea and two sites on the right posterior chest wall over the 100-600 Hz frequency range was measured in eight healthy adult subjects. An acoustic driver and a rigid tube were employed to introduce sound into the mouths of the subjects at resting lung volume, and the transmission measurements were performed using lightweight accelerometers. Similar spectral characteristics of acceleration were observed in all of the subjects showing peaks in the transmission. These characteristics included 1) two regions of increased transmission over the frequency range of the measurements, 2) a decrease in the magnitude of acceleration of the chest wall as compared to the tracheal site of roughly 20 dB at lower frequencies, 3) a strong trend of decreasing acceleration of the chest wall with increasing frequency. These spectra agreed favorably with the predictions of a theoretical model of the acoustical properties of the respiratory system. The model suggests the primary structural determinants of a number of the observed characteristics including the importance of the lung parenchyma in sound attenuation.
Linkage Isomerization Reactions (2001)

Linkage isomerization reactions have been reviewed from the aspect of the kinetics and mechanisms involved, focusing on selected cases of direct formation, as well as on electrochemical, photochemical, thermal and pH-induced generation of linkage isomers.
Murmuring Fields rehearsals: building up the mixed reality stage (2002)

The paper is concerned with the concept of a mixed reality (MR) stage environment as networked layering of physical space and virtual environments. The MR stage enables up to 5 performers to interact through intuitive free body interfaces. The goal is the creation of interface environments which allow participants to communicate in shared and remote physical spaces through their natural senses: hearing, seeing, speaking, gesturing, touching and moving around. Connecting the concept of the stage with the idea of digital information space comprises investigation in digital storytelling and the design of nonlinear structures. What we get is an instrument for the human body. What we see is actual movement of performers integrating virtual sound and images in real time onto the MR stage.
Cationic polymerization of α,β‐disubstituted olefins. IV. Stereospecific polymerization of propenyl alkyl ethers catalyzed by BF3·O(C2H5)2 and Al2(SO4)3–H2SO4 complex (1968)

Abstract The cis ‐ and trans ‐propenyl alkyl ethers were polymerized by a homogeneous catalyst [BF 3 ·O(C 2 H 5 ) 2 ] and a heterogeneous catalyst [Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 –H 2 SO 4 complex]. Methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n ‐butyl and tert ‐butyl propenyl ethers were used as monomers. The steric structure of the polymers formed depended on the geometric structures of monomer and the polymerization conditions. In polymerizations with BF 3 ·O(C 2 H 5 ) 2 at −78°C., trans isomers produced crystalline polymers, but cis isomers formed amorphous ones except for tert ‐butyl propenyl ether. On the other hand, highly crystalline polymers were formed from cis isomers, but not from the trans isomers in the polymerization by Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 –H 2 SO 4 complex at 0°C. The x‐ray diffraction patterns of the crystalline polymers obtained from the trans isomers were different from those produced from the cis isomers, except for poly(methyl propenyl ether). The reaction mechanism was discussed briefly on these basis of these results.