gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Biology in Biofuels Production (2016)

Increasing demand of biofuels is inevitable today considering the adverse impact of fossil fuels on environment, issue of its sustainability, rising price, and dependence on foreign countries. However, the question remains on how to produce biofuels in cost effective manner from the non-food resources. The non-food agricultural and forestry residues have recalcitrant biomass that is difficult to hydrolyze via enzymes, and presence of non-conventional pentose sugars and inhibitors makes the sugar fermentation into ethanol a formidable task. Besides, ethanol has its inherent issue of having low energy density and hygroscopic nature, encouraging scientists to look for alternative fuels, such as butanol and hydrocarbons. Algae are another non-food feedstock that is being explored for fuel production, but its low growth rate and low lipid yield in fluctuating environmental growth condition is of great concern. Synthetic biology with its new tools and applications is likely to play a central role in addressing these issues.


Keywords:

synthetic biology;
biofuels;
lignocellulosic biomass;
metabolic engineering;
feedstock engineering;
microbial engineering;
hydrolytic enzymes;
algal fuels
Influences of Flow Jet Force on Nozzle Flapper Systems. (2003)

In recent years, the drive current applied to acting on nozzle flapper valves has been reduced to save the electric power and the drive force acting on flappers has been lowered to approximate the level of the amount of flow jet force on flapper. As a result, the dynamic characteristics of pneumatic nozzle flapper are influenced, because the flow jet force changes the flapper displacement. So it is necessary to analyze the influences of flow jet force on nozzle flapper system.In this paper a simplified model of flow jet force on flapper is proposed. The model is coincides with results of experiments in certain conditions. The influences of flow jet force on flappers have been experimentally measured by frequency response tests. The results of experiment, the effects of flow jet force on flapper reduce in high frequency domain. Indicate the model we proposed is practical. We think this model will be beneficial to analysis and design of nozzle flapper valves.
The Effect of Dexamethasone on Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression After Cardiac Surgery and Intensive Care Admission (2016)

(Abstracted from Crit Care Med, 44:512–520, 2016) Cardiac patients admitted postoperatively to the intensive care unit may experience posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. Studies have shown an association between administering corticosteroids perioperatively and a reduction in the development of these conditions.
Intraoperative Identification of a Radiofrequency Lesion Allowing Validation of Catheter Mapping of Ventricular Tachycardia with a Computerized Balloon Mapping System (1992)

Radiofrequency current was utilized to mark the anatomic location of earliest endocardial activation during catheter mapping of ventricular tachycardia. Intraoperative identification of the radiofrequency lesion allowed validation that the site of earliest endocardial activation determined by a catheter mapping study was the same as assessed by a computerized balloon mapping system. Radiofrequency current may be a useful method of marking areas of endocardium thought to be potential sites for ablative surgery as well as allowing correlation between different mapping techniques.
[Response of the brown trout (Salmo trutta, L. 1766) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson, 1836) to infection by a new rhabdovirus]. (1977)

Intra peritoneal injection of 200 g Trout hold at + 12 degrees C with 2x10(8) p.f.u. of a new Rhabdovirus (strain 23.75) induces an interferon synthesis within 2 days. (IF titres reaching 2,000 units/ml). 1 month later, the surviving Fish exhibit a specific anti 23.75 neutralizing serum activity (titre 40 to 80) which has been demonstrated to be due to immunoglobulins. This seroneutralization is also recorded in 1/3 of the survivors of natural infection.
From ratings to trust (2014)

Trust has been extensively studied and its effectiveness demonstrated in recommender systems. Due to the lack of explicit trust information in most systems, many trust metric approaches have been proposed to infer implicit trust from user ratings. However, previous works have not compared these different approaches, and oftentimes focus only on the performance of predictive item ratings. In this paper, we first analyse five kinds of trust metrics in light of the properties of trust. We conduct an empirical study to explore the ability of trust metrics to distinguish explicit trust from implicit trust and to generate accurate predictions. Experimental results on two real-world data sets show that existing trust metrics cannot provide satisfying performance, and indicate that future metrics should be designed more carefully.
Cisto periodontal lateral e cisto odontogênico botrióide (2021)

Cystic jaw bone lesions have been largely studied and discussed since the beginning of their recognition. Although many of them have already been well-defined, some of them go on generating divergent opinions, such as the lateral periodontal cyst (LP C) and the botryoid odontogenic cyst (BOC). The objective of this article is to report two cases of unusual characteristics, one of them is about a lateral periodontal cyst and the other one is about a botryoid odontogenic cyst, presenting considerations as to their clinical, radiographic and histological aspects.
Plasma levels of progastrin but not amidated gastrin or glycine extended gastrin are elevated in patients with colorectal carcinoma (2001)

Plasma levels of progastrin, but not amidated gastrin or glycine extended gastrin, are significantly elevated in patients with colorectal cancer compared with those with colorectal polyps or controls, irrespective of their H pylori status. We conclude that measuring plasma progastrin levels in patients with colorectal cancer is warranted.
Ad hoc method for the assessment on listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (2017)

The European Commission has requested EFSA to assess animal diseases according to the criteria as laid down in Articles 5, 7, 8 and Annex IV for the purpose of categorisation of diseases in accordance with Article 9 of the Regulation (EU) No 2016/429 (Animal Health Law). This scientific opinion addresses the ad hoc method developed for assessing any animal disease for the listing and categorisation of diseases within the Animal Health Law (AHL) framework. The assessment of individual diseases is addressed in distinct scientific opinions that are published separately. The assessment of Articles 5, 8 and 9 criteria is performed on the basis of the information collected according to Article 7 criteria. For that purpose, Article 7 criteria were structured into parameters and the information was collected at parameter level. The resulting fact sheets on the profile and impact of each disease were compiled by disease scientists. A mapping was developed to identify which parameters from Article 7 were needed to inform each Article 5, 8 and 9 criterion. Specifically, for Articles 5 and 9 criteria, a categorical assessment was performed, by applying an expert judgement procedure, based on the mapped information. The judgement was performed by EFSA Panel experts on Animal Health and Welfare in two rounds, individual and collective judgement. The output of the expert judgement on the criteria of Articles 5 and 9 for each disease is composed by the categorical answer, and for the questions where no consensus was reached, the different supporting views are reported.
Gas-Phase Multiply Charged Anions (1995)

Singly charged negative ions in the gas phase have attracted considerable experimental and theoretical attention over the past decades. However, the existence of free doubly or multiply charged negative ions, in particular those of small systems, has remained a curiosity and a matter of some controversy. Recent experimental and quantum mechanical studies show that multiply charged negative ions of small molecules and clusters can exist as isolated entities.
Effect of counterface on cartilage boundary lubricating ability by proteoglycan 4 and hyaluronan: Cartilage‐glass versus cartilage–cartilage (2018)

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different sliding interface materials (counterface) on the cartilage lubricating ability of proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) and hyaluronan (HA) by measuring the kinetic coefficient of friction on cartilage-glass and cartilage-cartilage interfaces over a wide range of sliding velocities. The lubrication properties of PRG4 and HA were assessed at cartilage-glass and cartilage-cartilage interfaces using a previously described test setup with a stationary area of contact. Samples were articulated at varying effective sliding velocities of 10, 3, 1, 0.3, 0.1, and 0.01 mm/s. The response of PRG4 and HA as effective friction-reducing cartilage boundary lubricants was varied and was dependent primarily on the test counterface. At a physiological cartilage-cartilage interface both HA and PRG4 effectively reduced friction compared to PBS at slower speeds while at higher speeds PRG4 was similar to PBS, and HA similar to SF. Conversely, at a cartilage-glass interface HA demonstrated no friction reducing ability compared to PBS, and PRG4 appeared just as effective as SF. Cartilage-glass friction coefficients were also significantly greater than cartilage-cartilage friction coefficients. These results indicate the in vitro friction coefficient of putative cartilage boundary lubricants can be affected by the test counterface and suggest that use of synthetic surfaces in studying cartilage boundary lubrication may not always be appropriate for all molecules of interest. As such, care should be taken when interpreting such data, specifically when comparing to in vitro data obtained at a cartilage-cartilage interface, and especially when extrapolating to in vivo situations. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2923-2931, 2018.
Online data mining for co-evolving time sequences (2002)

In many applications, the data of interest comprises multiple sequences that evolve over time. Examples include currency exchange rates and network traffic data. We develop a fast method to analyze such co-evolving time sequences jointly to allow (a) estimation/forecasting of missing/delayed/future values, (b) quantitative data mining, and (c) outlier detection. Our method, MUSCLES, adapts to changing correlations among time sequences. It can handle indefinitely long sequences efficiently using an incremental algorithm and requires only a small amount of storage and less I/O operations. To make it scale for a large number of sequences, we present a variation, the Selective MUSCLES method and propose an efficient algorithm to reduce the problem size. Experiments on real datasets show that MUSCLES outperforms popular competitors in prediction accuracy up to 10 times, and discovers interesting correlations. Moreover, Selective MUSCLES scales up very well for large numbers of sequences, reducing response time up to 110 times over MUSCLES, and sometimes even improves the prediction quality.
GAN-based Projector for Faster Recovery in Compressed Sensing with Convergence Guarantees. (2019)

A Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) with generator $G$ trained to model the prior of images has been shown to perform better than sparsity-based regularizers in ill-posed inverse problems. In this work, we propose a new method of deploying a GAN-based prior to solve linear inverse problems using projected gradient descent (PGD). Our method learns a network-based projector for use in the PGD algorithm, eliminating the need for expensive computation of the Jacobian of $G$. Experiments show that our approach provides a speed-up of $30\text{-}40\times$ over earlier GAN-based recovery methods for similar accuracy in compressed sensing. Our main theoretical result is that if the measurement matrix is moderately conditioned for range($G$) and the projector is $\delta$-approximate, then the algorithm is guaranteed to reach $O(\delta)$ reconstruction error in $O(log(1/\delta))$ steps in the low noise regime. Additionally, we propose a fast method to design such measurement matrices for a given $G$. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficacy of this method by requiring $5\text{-}10\times$ fewer measurements than random Gaussian measurement matrices for comparable recovery performance.
Cssp: The Consortium Blockchain Model for Improving the Trustworthiness of Network Software Services (2017)

Untrusted Computing in cloud is the main obstacle to promote cloud computing services, even users get an initial trusted execution environment, the events of dynamic software deployment are easy to cause a risk of compromised system. TTP and ACS are the common strategies to reach an agreement of valid application list and operations, however, extra entity should be added into the origin network and the reliability of system rely on the trust operation of third party.,,,, ,,,, Consider this network computing model, the directly remote controlled security strategy is lacking for terminal users, while the security of user computing applications are controlled by its resources owner like cloud manager which might be not trusted in whole time. In this paper, we address this problem and propose a consortium blockchain based cleanroom security service protocol (CSSP), to track the deployment and usage of the user's software in a secure and tamper-resistant measure, to prevent running of error or illegal software in user computing environment. Unlike the traditional methods, CSSP is a two side protocol: service provider and user computing node, which reduce the redundant safety hazards nodes and its invalidation problem. Consortium Blockchain is an effectively method to reduce the energy consumption and keep the software service protocol between the manager and the user in safety state. The security analysis and evaluation shows that the approach has major potential in trusted network computing system and provide a higher secure level environment for users.
Influence of Primatone RL supplementation on sialylation of recombinant human interferon-γ produced by Chinese hamster ovary cell culture using serum-free media (1997)

Although serum-free media have been widely used in mammalian cell culture for therapeutic protein production, the effects of serum-substitutes on product quality have not been extensively examined. This study observed an adverse effect of Primatone RL, an animal tissue hydrolysate commonly used as a serum-substitute to promote cell growth, on sialylation of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) derived from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture in both batch and fed-batch modes. In batch cultures, decreased sialylation was observed at each of the glycosylation sites (i.e., Asn25 and Asn97) of IFN-γ with the use of elevated concentrations of the peptone. Although poorest sialylation was obtained with the use of a growth-inhibiting concentration of Primatone RL, diminished sialylation was observed at the optimal peptone concentration for cell growth and product yield. Since incubation of the product in Primatone RL-supplemented acellular medium did not result in decreased sialylation, the negative effect of Primatone RL could not be attributed to extracellular desialylation of IFN-γ by components of the peptone. In the fed-batch mode, a culture utilizing a serum-free feeding medium supplemented with Primatone RL demonstrated poorer sialylation than a similar culture not fed the peptone. The results of both the batch and fed-batch experiments indicate that the adverse effect of the peptone was not due solely to ammonia accumulation. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 56: 353–360, 1997.
Ion-to-neutral-atom measurements within an ablation plasma through laser selective-excitation spectroscopy (1981)

A direct measurement of the ion-to-neutral-atom density ratio has been made in a rapidly expanding ablation plasma by means of laser selective-excitation spectroscopy. Evidence of an ionization freeze out at a degree of ionization of about 0.1% is presented.
Improved efficiency for white organic light-emitting devices based on phosphor sensitized fluorescence (2006)

Efficiency of white organic light-emitting devices (WOLEDs) based on phosphor sensitized fluorescence is improved by using an unusual device structure, in which an undoped blue emissive layer is sandwiched between two phosphorescent doped ones. This blue emissive layer blocks a triplet-triplet energy transfer between the two phosphorescent emissive layers, leading to balanced emissions of blue, green, yellow, and red. Thus, an efficient WOLED with a maximum luminous efficiency of 13.8cd∕A, a maximum power efficiency of 8.0lm∕W, a color rendering index of 79, and Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage coordinates of (0.33, 0.35) is achieved.
A 6.0mW 3.8GS/s 7b VTC/TDC-Assisted Interleaved SAR ADC with 13GHz ERBW (2022)

This work presents a hybrid time and voltage domain ADC that uses a single high-speed voltage-to-time converter (VTC) as a sampling buffer for interleaved SAR ADCs to enhance bandwidth and remove timing skew mismatch. Time-domain encoding also allows a low-power 3b assist TDC to enhance SAR speed with minimal calibration. At 3.8 GS/s, the 0.0045 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> 22nm FinFET prototype with 13 GHz ERBW consumes 6.0 mW with a Nyquist SNDR of 38 dB for 24.4 fJ/step FoM.
Decreased mortality rate and length of hospital stay in surgical intensive care unit patients with successful selective decontamination of the gut (1993)

These results indicate that selective decontamination is beneficial in terms of mortality rate and length of stay in surgical patients only when successful decontamination has been achieved. The subgroup of patients for whom decontamination is not successful might be responsible for the obscurity in mortality effects of selective decontamination in studies until now. It is expected that identification and subsequent elimination of possible risk factors that cause a failure of selective decontamination can result in lower morbidity and mortality rates in critically ill, surgical patients admitted to the ICU.
A sweet out-of-the-box solution to the hydrogen economy: is the sugar-powered car science fiction? (2009)

The hydrogen economy presents a compelling future energy picture, especially for the transportation sector. The obstacles, such as low-cost hydrogen production, lack of high-density hydrogen storage approaches, costly infrastructure, and safety concerns are prohibiting its large-scale implementation. To address the above challenges, we propose a new solution – use of starch or cellulose (C6H10O5) from biomass as a hydrogen carrier. This new solution is based on the invention of complete conversion of glucans (starch and cellulose) and water to hydrogen and carbon dioxide as C6H10O5 (aq) + 7H2O (l) → 12H2 (g) + 6CO2 (g). The production of hydrogen from carbohydrates is a nearly carbon-neutral process based on the whole carbon cycle. The use of low-cost renewable carbohydrate as a high hydrogen density carrier (14.8 H2 mass %) may solve problems such as hydrogen production, storage and distribution, as well as address safety concerns. Increasing hydrogen generation rate (power density) and decreasing costs are two major tasks prior to this technology's wide implementation. Analysis based on past scientific knowledge and technical achievements suggests that sugar-powered vehicles could become real in the future with intensive R&D efforts. Here we are calling for international R&D collaborations to pursue the holy grail of the carbohydrate hydrogen economy.
Prospects for Studying Interstellar Magnetic Fields with a Far-Infrared Polarimeter for SAFIR (2008)

Polarimetry at mid-infrared through millimeter wavelengths using airborne and ground-based telescopes has revealed magnetic structures in dense molecular clouds in the interstellar medium, primarily in regions of star formation. Furthermore, spectropolarimetry has offered clues about the composition of the dust grains and the mechanism by which they are aligned with respect to the local magnetic field. The sensitivity of the observations to date has been limited by the emission from the atmosphere and warm telescopes. A factor of 1000 in sensitivity can be gained by using instead a cold space telescope. With 5 arcminute resolution, Planck will make the first submillimeter polarization survey of the full Galaxy early in the next decade. We discuss the science case for and basic design of a far-infrared polarimeter on the SAFIR space telescope, which offers resolution in the few arcsecond range and wavelength selection of cold and warm dust components. Key science themes include the formation and evolution of molecular clouds in nearby spiral galaxies, the magnetic structure of the Galactic center, and interstellar turbulence.
Electron Spin Resonance Study of the Cation Radicals of 1,5-Dihydronaphthyridine and Di-N-methyl-1,5-Naphthyridine (1973)

The e.s.r. spectra of the cation radicals 1,5-di-N-methylnaphthyridine (1) and 1,5-dihydronaphthyridine (2) in trifluoroacetic acid have been reported and analyzed. The splitting constants of 2 are unequivocally assigned by comparison of the spectra of several partially deuterated derivatives. The methyl proton splitting constant of 1 is thought to be low in comparison with other similar radicals and possible reasons for this anomaly are discussed.
Effects of Shared Decision Making on Opioid Prescribing After Hysterectomy (2020)

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2019;134:823–833) Opioid use disorder is an epidemic. In the United States, more than 11 million people abused prescription opioids in 2016.
Investigating the Dispersion State of Alumina Suspensions: Contribution of Cryo‐Field‐Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscopy Characterizations (2010)

We illustrate in this paper the interest of cryo‐field‐emission gun scanning electron microscopy (cryo‐FEGSEM) to investigate the stability of alumina suspensions. The stability is investigated through viscosity, zeta potential, total organic carbon measurements, and cryo‐FEGSEM observations. We focus on two examples: the effect of the quantity of ammonium polyacrylate as dispersant and the effect of its chain length on alumina particles dispersion with a solid content of 32 vol%. In the first example for some suspensions, we measure values of viscosity or zeta potential too similar to discriminate the best state of dispersion. To overcome this problem, we directly observe the suspensions with cryo‐FEGSEM. We take advantage of the recent developments of the technique, which provide now extremely high cooling rates and ensure that the freezing step does not induce observations artifacts related to the formation of ice. This technique provides an accurate vision of particles dispersion, agglomeration in ceramic suspensions, and it is possible to visualize the excess of dispersant. In the second example, the longer dispersant appears to be the more effective to obtain the best state of dispersion. Through both examples, we demonstrate that to have the best interpretation of results, it is useful to combine direct observations by cryo‐FEGSEM and the usual properties measurements.
Regenerative Fuel Cells for Space Power and Energy Conversion (NaBH4/H2O2 Fuel Cell Development) (2006)

A viewgraph presentation describing hydrogen peroxide and sodium borohydride development is shown. The topics include: 1) Motivation; 2) The Sodium Borohydride Fuel Cell; 3) Fuel Cell Comparisons; 4) MEA Optimization; 5) 500-Watt Stack Testing; 6) System Modeling: Fuel Cell Power Source for Lunar Rovers; and 7) Conclusions