gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PRMA/DA: a new media access control protocol for wireless ATM (2002)

We propose a media access control (MAC) protocol for wireless local area networks (LANs) that is capable of supporting various types of traffic demands, such as constant bit rate (CBR) voice, variable bit-rate (VBR) video, and packet data. In addition, the proposed protocol provides a seamless connectivity to a broadband ATM backbone network. Our protocol, having an air interface comparable to ATM, adopts a dynamic channel allocation scheme which enables expeditious network-access and utilizes bandwidth resource efficiently. The simulation results presented show the improvements of dynamic channel allocation over the static channel allocation scheme in terms of key performance metrics such as: throughput, call blocking probability, network access delay and cell transmission delay.
Electronic Packaging, Microelectronics, and Interconnection Dictionary (1993)

A dictionary focusing on the multidisciplinary field of electronic packaging, this work features an extensive collection of terms and acronyms that comprise the language of modern electronics. From circuits and communication systems to all types of electronic subsystems and assemblies, this reference includes up-to-date entries and clear, concise definitions for more than 6000 terms, acronyms, abbreviations and symbols that are commonly encountered by everyone working in the industry - regardless of their area of expertise. The covers the full range of high-performance electronic systems, including microelectronics, electronic packaging, materials, components, and much more. Rapidly changing technology and the need for communication in a highly multidisciplinary field make the Electronic Packaging, Microelectronics and Interconnection Dictionary a valuable desk reference for electronics, electrical, mechanical and materials engineers, as well as everyone else working in the electronic packaging field.
Annealing studies of YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films (1988)

I n situ electrical resistance measurements, differential thermal analysis, and x-ray diffraction studies were carried out between room temperature and 950 °C on as-grown amorphous insulating YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films. Results for the phase transformation reaction path are reported in order to optimize the post-deposition annealing process. Amorphous-to-crystalline transformations were observed at 550 °C along with a reversible orthorhombic-tetragonal transition near 670 °C. Eutectic melting above 850 °C was also noted, which restricts the maximum annealing temperature to around 850 °C.
First test of a power-pulsed electronics system on a GRPC detector in a 3-Tesla magnetic field (2012)

An important technological step towards the realization of an ultra-granular hadronic calorimeter to be used in the future International Linear Collider (ILC) experiments has been made. A 33X50 cm2 GRPC detector equipped with a power-pulsed electronics board offering a 1cm2 lateral segmentation was successfully tested in a 3-Tesla magnet operating at the H2 beam line of the CERN SPS. An important reduction of power consumption with no deterioration of the detector performance is obtained when the power-pulsing mode is applied. This important result shows that ultra-granular calorimeters for ILC experiments are not only an attractive but also a realistic option.
Figure S2 from p53 Is Not Required for High CIN to Induce Tumor Suppression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2 shows the sex-specific survival advantage of p53 heterozygous male mice is not caused by differences in tumor spectrum.&lt;/p&gt;
Intra-Aortic Balloon Counterpulsation Augments Cerebral Blood Flow in a Canine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Cerebral Vasospasm (1995)

We tested the effect of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in a canine model of cerebral vasospasm. Cerebral vasospasm was induced in ten adult mongrel dogs using a "two-hemorrhage" model. CBF was then measured using radiolabeled microspheres, before and after activation of an intra-aortic balloon pump. Physiologic parameters including pCO2 and cardiac filling pressures were maintained constant during the experiment. Cardiac output was monitored in each animal. CBF increased with IABC in all ten animals. The mean CBF was 78.5 milliliters per 100 grams per minute (ml/100g/min) before versus 93.3ml/100g/min after IABC (P = 0.0001). Increases in CBF were associated in most, but not all, cases with increases in cardiac output. This study supports the ability of IABC to raise CBF in the setting of cerebral vasospasm. IABC may represent an important clinical option in cases of refractory vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Rhenium-Catalyzed Addition of Carbonyl Compounds to the Carbon−Nitrogen Triple Bonds of Nitriles: α-C−H Activation of Carbonyl Compounds (2009)

The ReH(7)(PPh(3))(2)-catalyzed addition of carbonyl compounds to the carbon-nitrogen bond of nitriles proceeds efficiently and selectively to give the corresponding (Z)-enamines, which are important synthetic intermediates. The key step of the reaction is the chemoselective alpha-C-H activation of carbonyl compounds induced by the alpha-heteroatom effect in the presence of nitriles.
High-Resolution Measurement of Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) in Discrete Telecom Components using Quantum Interferometry (2012)

A quantum interferometric measurement of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) of commercial telecommunication wavelength selective switch (WSS) demonstrates advantages of quantum optical technology over conventional measurement.
Therapeutic Agent Delivery Across the Blood–Brain Barrier Using Focused Ultrasound (2021)

Specialized features of vasculature in the central nervous system greatly limit therapeutic treatment options for many neuropathologies. Focused ultrasound, in combination with circulating microbubbles, can be used to transiently and noninvasively increase cerebrovascular permeability with a high level of spatial precision. For minutes to hours following sonication, drugs can be administered systemically to extravasate in the targeted brain regions and exert a therapeutic effect, after which permeability returns to baseline levels. With the wide range of therapeutic agents that can be delivered using this approach and the growing clinical need, focused ultrasound and microbubble (FUS+MB) exposure in the brain has entered human testing to assess safety. This review outlines the use of FUS+MB-mediated cerebrovascular permeability enhancement as a drug delivery technique, details several technical and biological considerations of this approach, summarizes results from the clinical trials conducted to date, and discusses the future direction of the field.
Recent advances in non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of hydrophobic metabolites in biofluids (2021)

This review focuses on recent advances in non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensors for detection of hydrophobic metabolites. Electrochemical approaches have been widely applied in many established and emerging technologies and a large range of electrochemical biosensors have been used for detection of various hydrophobic metabolites. Despite the progress made in this field, some problems still exist, specifically, electrochemical detection of hydrophobic biomarkers can be challenging in complex biological fluids. In this review, we have highlighted some of the most representative surface modification technologies that have been employed in electrochemical biosensors to counter the problems of poor sensitivity and selectivity towards hydrophobic metabolites. The hydrophobic metabolites discussed in this review include uric acid, epinephrine, cortisol, cholesterol, tyrosine, adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. This is followed by discussion on future research directions for electrochemical sensing of hydrophobic biomarkers.
Sensitivity and localization enhancement in multinuclear in vivo NMR spectroscopy by outer volume presaturation (1993)

Sampling of the entire brain tissue in 1H NMR metabolic studies is complicated by the presence of intense pericranial lipid and tissue water resonances, which can obscure metabolite resonances. This study extends the concept of localization by outer volume suppression (OVS) to achieve fully conformal in vivo localization, sampling at least 95% of rat brain with complete elimination of pericranial lipids. This has permitted acquisition of lipid-free short echo time (7.5 ms), high spatial resolution 2D spectroscopic images exhibiting high sensitivity and information content in relatively short measurement time (68 min). Incorporation of spatially tailored OVS into existing methods (e.g., DRESS, STEAM, PRESS) extends their localization efficiency and performance. Two single spin-echo localization sequences have been described that attain much shorter echo times or achieve better water suppression than PRESS. One of these sequences allows editing and relaxometric studies of J-coupled spins. The methods described are suitable for in vivo localization of most tissues and can be applied with any biologically important nucleus.
Outcoupling efficiency in small-molecule OLEDs: from theory to experiment (2009)

The extraction of the luminous power internally generated by organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is still the most severe limitation in the overall efficiency of these devices. We present a joint theoretical and experimental study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the light outcoupling limitations of planar p-i-n type small-molecule OLEDs, both in bottom and top emitting configuration. We discuss the physical origin of these limitations by analyzing internal optical losses and overall light conversion efficiency in OLEDs.
RECENT ADVANCES IN SURGERY FOR EMPHYSEMA (1997)

Volume reduction surgery is based on the removal of volume-occupying but nonfunctioning emphysematous lung, which is thought to improve pulmonary elastic recoil. The reduction in thoracic volume may also improve thoracic cage and inspiratory muscle function. In addition, dyspnea is lessened, exercise tolerance is increased, and measured pulmonary function is improved. Alveolar gas exchange may also be improved. Selection criteria include marked airway obstruction secondary to emphysema, marked hyperinflation of the chest wall, and regional heterogeneity in the distribution of the emphysema. The best results are obtained with a bilateral procedure utilizing stapling resection. The two surgical approaches are median sternotomy and video-assisted thoracic surgery.
Feature Detection for Haptic Exploration with Robotic Fingers (2001)

The authors consider the detection of small surface features, such as cracks, bumps, and ridges, on the surface of an object during haptic exploration and dexterous manipulation. Surface feature definition and detection are essential for intelligent haptic exploration and modeling of unknown objects. First, the authors review the representation of object surface geometry and present definitions of features based on local surface curvature. These definitions depend on both the geometry of the robot fingertips and the object being explored. It is also shown that the trajectory traced by a round fingertip rolling or sliding over the object surface has some intrinsic properties that facilitate feature detection. Several algorithms for feature detection based on feature definitions are described and compared, and simulated and experimental results are presented for feature detection using a hemispherical fingertip equipped with a tactile sensor.
OFDM Spread Spectrum with Index Modulation (2017)

In this paper, we propose index modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexing spread spectrum (IM-OFDM-SS) scheme, which combines the techniques of SS and IM under the framework of OFDM. In this scheme, the information bits are jointly conveyed by the indices of spreading codes and the conventional M-ary modulated symbols. A low-complexity maximum ratio combining (MRC) detector is designed, in which the receiver first detects the selected spreading codes and then the corresponding data symbols are de-spread and demodulated. The bit error probability (BEP) upper bound and the achievable diversity order are analyzed according to the union bounding technique. Simulation results verify the analyses and show that the proposed IM-OFDM-SS outperforms the existing OFDM-IM and OFDM-SS schemes significantly.
Urine alkalization improves the problems of pain and sleep in hypersensitive bladder syndrome (2013)

Urine alkalization therapy is likely to be effective in the treatment for hypersensitive bladder syndrome.
Image Error Concealment Using Optimized Local Pixel Matching and Directional Interpolation (2007)

In this paper, we present a new spatial error concealment algorithm with optimized local pixel matching and directional interpolation. First, we apply a variant version of dynamic programming to image pixels around a corrupted image region. This process provides best-aligned pixel pairs from boundary pixels around the corrupted image region to dynamically estimate local image textures. Then, with derived corresponding pixel pairs, we use directional interpolation to recover image pixels in the corrupted image region. With both optimized local matching algorithm and directional interpolation, we match pixels using the pixel sequences from the upper and lower of the lost region, the pixel sequences from the left and the right of the lost region, the pixel sequences from the upper and the left of the lost region, and pixel sequences from the lower and the right of the lost region. We select the best matching based on the set up criterion and use them for error concealment. From experimental results, the proposed spatial error concealment provides the enhancement of the dynamic capability in capturing the image texture comparing to previous works as well as subjective and objective quality improvement of concealment results in recovering the lost region of images com paring to previous works.
Absorbent Analysis of Anniston Chemical Agent Disposal Facility Munition Demilitarization Building (MDB) Banks 1 and 2 Filter Samples Following Completion of The GB Agent and VX Rocket Campaigns (2013)

Abstract : Carbon samples from the Munition Demilitarization Building (MDB) Banks 1 and 2 ventilation filters from the Anniston Chemical Agent Disposal Facility were analyzed for the level of GB and VX contamination following the completion of the GB agent and VX rocket campaigns. The results of this investigation, using either thermal desorption, headspace, or NMR analysis, showed no GB or VX above the minimum detectable level on either of these filter samples. The use of NMR analysis resulted in the discovery of a significant amount of hydrolysis products from these agents on the MDB Filter Bank 1 carbon, but none on the MDB Filter Bank 2 carbon. Evaluation of adsorbent capacity studies found that the MDB Filter Bank 2 carbon had the same filtering capacity as a new filter, whereas the MDB Filter Bank 1 carbon showed signs of chemical loading and 12% of its original adsorption capacity remained active.
A Role of IRF8 in Transcriptional Control of B-Cell Development (2010)

B-cell development follows ordered cellular stages, beginning with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the fetal liver before birth, and in the bone marrow (BM) after birth (Fig. 25.1a). HSCs give rise to multipotent progenitors (MPPs), which subsequently differentiate into lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors (LMPPs) and myeloid progenitors (MPs). MPs give rise to granulocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes. The differentiative potential of LMPPs is restricted to myeloid and lymphoid progeny cells. A subset of LMPPs expresses interleukin (IL)-7 receptor (R) and differentiates into common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs). CLPs give rise to B220+ pre-pro-B cells, the earliest known stage of the B-cell lineage. These pre-pro-B cells, along with other cell types, were originally defined as Fraction A cells by Hardy and colleagues [1]. Pre-pro-B cells have dual potential to become B and T cells [2]. Full commitment to the B-cell lineage is marked by expression of CD19 and loss of T-cell lineage developmental potential, a process controlled by multiple transcriptional factors such as PU.1, IKAROS, EBF, E2A, PAX5, and ID2 [3–5].
Mercury levels in high-end consumers of fish. (2002)

Consumption of food containing mercury has been identified as a health risk. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the National Academy of Sciences recommend keeping the whole blood mercury level < 5.0 microg/L or the hair level < 1.0 microg/g. This corresponds to a reference dose (RfD) of 0.1 microg/kg body weight per day. All patients in a 1-year period (n = 720) who came for an office visit in a private internal medicine practice in San Francisco, California, were evaluated for mercury excess using the current RfD. One hundred twenty-three patients were tested (93 females, 30 males). Of these, data were statistically analyzed for 89 subjects. Mercury levels ranged from 2.0 to 89.5 microg/L for the 89 subjects. The mean for 66 women was 15 microg/L [standard deviation (SD) = 15], and for 23 men was 13 microg/L (SD = 5); 89% had levels exceeding the RfD. Subjects consumed 30 different forms or types of fish. Swordfish had the highest correlation with mercury level. Sixty-seven patients with serial blood levels over time after stopping fish showed a decline in mercury levels; reduction was significant (p < 0.0001). A substantial fraction of patients had diets high in fish consumption; of these, a high proportion had blood mercury levels exceeding the maximum level recommended by the U.S. EPA and National Academy of Sciences. The mean level for women in this survey was 10 times that of mercury levels found in a recent population survey by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Some children were > 40 times the national mean.
Construction of Broad Host Range Cloning Vectors for Gram-negative Bacteria (1985)

A new cloning vector, pMFY31, has been constructed based on the high-copy-number, broad-host-range plasmid RSF1010. The plasmid has a size of 13.2 kb and carries the Apr, Cmr, and Tcr genes. It contains unique PstI, EcoRI, HindIII, BamHI, and SalI sites, all of which are located within the antibiotic resistance genes, therefore all sites are applicable to insertional inactivation. We also constructed pMFY40, a 11.6 kb derivative of pMFY31, by the elimination of the Cmr gene. Plasmid pMFY31 has been efficiently introduced into a Pseudomonas putida strain not only by plasmid-DNA transformation but also by conjugal co-transfer with the helper plasmid, and was maintained stably in the strain.
Data Recovery Technology Based on Subspace Clustering (2022)

High-dimensional data usually exist asymptotically in low-dimensional space. In this study, we mainly use tensor t-product as a tool to propose new algorithms in data clustering and recovery and verify them on classical data sets. This study defines the “singular values” of tensors, adopts a weighting strategy for the singular values, and proposes a tensor-weighted kernel norm minimization robust principal component analysis method, which is used to restore low-probability low-rank third-order tensor data. Experiments on synthetic data show that in the recovery of strictly low-rank data, the tensor method and weighting strategy can also obtain more accurate recovery when the rank is relatively large, which improves the volume of the rank. The proposed method combines the two and reflects its superiority through the restoration of 500 images under a small probability noise level.
Audio-Recorded Guided Imagery Treatment Reduces Functional Abdominal Pain in Children: A Pilot Study (2009)

Guided imagery treatment plus medical care was superior to standard medical care only for the treatment of abdominal pain, and treatment effects were sustained over a long period.
Maintaining confidence in the reporting of scientific outputs (2018)

The timely and accurate dissemination of scientific discoveries is of utmost importance so that scientific knowledge can be advanced and applied to benefit the public. Scientists communicate amongst themselves at conferences, via journal articles, and, increasingly in the life sciences, in preprint manuscripts which have not been subject to peer review. Journalists translate new research into a language the public can understand, relying on both work presented in scientific forums and interviews with experts. Critically, scientists and journalists both share the ethical principle that publications should be rigorously sourced and fact-checked, with errors subject to publicized corrections. Here we respond to concerns raised about the impact of reporting on results that have not passed through peer review, calling for improved dialogue between scientists and journalists to maintain public trust in research and arguing that imposing limits is against the public interest.
Compact Planar Antennas for Short-Range Wireless Automotive Communication (2006)

This paper describes several small printed circuit board planar antennas that can be integrated with amplifiers for short-range vehicle wireless communication. The antennas are designed for the 315-MHz frequency band, which is commonly used for control and security devices in the USA and Canada. Each antenna has dimensions of 50 /spl times/ 70 mm (much less than the free-space wavelength /spl lambda/=0.95 m) and is implemented on FR-4 dielectric substrate. These investigated antennas were compared with respect to input impedance, radiation resistance, radiation efficiency, directivity, directionality, bandwidth, matching system complexity, and gain. This paper also includes experimental verification of the final antenna design in the vehicle. It is shown that the antenna diversity method can increase communication range for remote keyless entry systems.
Efficient and Stereoselective Synthesis of 3′-Deoxy 3′ -C-Branched-Chain Substituted Thymidine (1994)

International audience
Crystal Structure Analysis of Si‐ and Zn‐Codoped Tricalcium Phosphate by Neutron Powder Diffraction (2007)

Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is a candidate for a temporary bone implant. Attempts were made to tune the resorption rate of implant for bone reforming by doping different levels of Si and Zn. In this paper, the crystal structure of Si‐ and Zn‐codoped TCP (Si,Zn‐Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (Si,Zn‐TCP)) was studied by using a time‐of‐flight neutron powder diffraction and the Rietveld analysis method. Si,Zn‐TCP was confirmed to have a rhombohedral structure (space group R 3 c , Z =21), with the unit cell parameters a = b =10.3958(1) Å, c =37.3122(7) Å, α=β=90°, and γ=120° in the hexagonal setting. Of the five cation sites, Ca(1), Ca(2), and Ca(3) positions are still occupied by Ca with minor change in Ca–O bond distance compared with the pure β‐TCP. Whereas the Ca(5) site was totally occupied by Zn. Compared with the original Ca(5)···O distance, the shorter and more uniform Zn(5)···O bond distances show the smaller cation substitution effect and a more ideal octahedral geometry. The site Ca(4) was partially substituted by Zn and Ca,Zn(4)···O(9) bond distance is 2.808(5) Å, much shorter than the original 3.041(1). The Zn substitution content is calculated to be 10% of total Ca sites. A fraction of Si substitutes for P(1) sites and the substitution content is calculated to be 3.9% of total phosphorus sites. The bond valence sums of Ca,Zn(4) is 0.97, higher than 0.67 for Ca(4) in β‐TCP. Other Ca and Zn(5) sites are close to 2.0.
[Association between polymorphisms of metabolic genes and telomere length in workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon]. (2011)

The results of present study suggested that PAHs exposure could induce the shorted RTL, CYP1A1, mEH, AHR polymorphisms might influence the change of telomere length of genomic DNA in peripheral blood of workers exposed to PAHs.