gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The influence of ambient temperature on femtosecond laser ablation of semiconductor and metal (2007)

Ultrafast laser ablation of silicon and metal was investigated as a function of temperature. The ablation efficiency is slightly enhanced with an apparent decrease in ablation threshold and surface roughness at a high substrate temperature.
Design and use of a protective jacket to prevent self-inflicted injury following cervical laminoplasty in the goat (Capra hircus). (2001)

A group of dairy goats underwent cervical laminoplasty procedures as part of a biomechanics project. Although most animals had minimal incisional complications, several developed excoriations exacerbated by scratching at the incision site 6 to 8 weeks after the surgery. Local and systemic treatment was instituted as indicated. Bandages were inadequate to protect the neck from self-trauma, and the potential existed for serious injury to or infection of the old surgical site. We designed and made custom padded jackets for these animals. Treatment continued. While allowing the animals to exercise their scratching behavior, the jackets protected the traumatized area until healing was complete and the pruritus resolved. This jacket or modifications of it may be useful in other goat, sheep, or calf projects in which protection of the neck, shoulders, and thorax is needed.
PowerGraph: distributed graph-parallel computation on natural graphs (2012)

Large-scale graph-structured computation is central to tasks ranging from targeted advertising to natural language processing and has led to the development of several graph-parallel abstractions including Pregel and GraphLab. However, the natural graphs commonly found in the real-world have highly skewed power-law degree distributions, which challenge the assumptions made by these abstractions, limiting performance and scalability.In this paper, we characterize the challenges of computation on natural graphs in the context of existing graph-parallel abstractions. We then introduce the PowerGraph abstraction which exploits the internal structure of graph programs to address these challenges. Leveraging the PowerGraph abstraction we introduce a new approach to distributed graph placement and representation that exploits the structure of power-law graphs. We provide a detailed analysis and experimental evaluation comparing PowerGraph to two popular graph-parallel systems. Finally, we describe three different implementation strategies for PowerGraph and discuss their relative merits with empirical evaluations on large-scale real-world problems demonstrating order of magnitude gains.
Hybrid Bioorganic–Inorganic Materials Prepared by Site‐Specific Ligation of Peptides to Functionalized Polydisperse Silica Particles (2005)

Abstract We describe the synthesis of semicarbazide‐ or glyoxylyl‐functionalized polydisperse silica particles and their use for the preparation of hybrid polypeptide–silica materials. The peptides were attached to the surface of functionalized silicas by site‐specific α‐oxo hydrazone or semicarbazone ligation. The reaction of semicarbazide silicas with a model glyoxylyl peptide was found to be very efficient under stoichiometric conditions and led to ligation yields of about 90 %. The use of glyoxylyl silicas and of hydrazinoacetyl peptides led to lower yields. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Advanced micro air-cooling systems for high density packaging (2002)

Future 3D electronics packaging systems will require micro cooling systems that can be integrated and permit the continued use of air as a coolant. To achieve this, new types of silicon micro heat exchangers were made using an anisotropic etching process. Various heat exchanger configurations and sizes were made using sandwich and stacking techniques. They can be used either as a heat exchanger for direct cooling with compressed air or as a heat pipe and thermosyphon for indirect cooling with fan-blown air. The performance characteristics of the various cooling systems are stated. The micro-heat-pipe can be used for power loss densities of up to 3 W/cm/sup 2/, the direct air cooling up to 15 W/cm/sup 2/ and the thermosyphon up to 25 W/cm/sup 2/. Cooling performances are achieved that are otherwise only possible with liquid cooling. The practical application of the micro cooling system is demonstrated using the example of the Pentium processor. With a power loss of 15 W, the micro cooling system is able to limit the increase in operating temperature to 15 K. The volume of the micro heat exchanger is 2.5 cm/sup 3/ and therefore considerably smaller than that of standard heat sinks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Quality control of asphalt compaction using GPS-based system architecture (2002)

This paper describes research to develop a GPS-based automated quality control system for tracking pavement compaction. The research team has experimented with both vector and raster based algorithms and believe that the raster-based algorithm may be more efficient in this application. Simulated tests on CTS-111 have been extremely encouraging, and the team continues to improve the system for testing. After the tests are completed, the researchers are confident that this technology can be fitted in existing compactors at a cost of about $10,000 per compactor, including GPS devices, radios, hardware, and software.
Crystallization Behavior of a Melt‐Spun Al86Ni9Mm5Alloy (2002)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Procedure A Model for the Hardening Behavior Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements
Preparación y estudio de nuevos óxidos de simetría Fd3m: espinelas CoRhMO(4) (M: Co, Rh) ; pirocloros Pb(2) [M(p)Sb(2-p)]O(0.65 (1987)

La Memoria que se presenta para optar al grado de Doctor informa sobre la sintesis y caracterizacion de 20 oxidos, de simetria cubica y grupo espacial Fd3m (N. 227), 19 de los cuales se han obtenido ahora por primera vez. Dos de estos oxidos, de composicion CoRhMO(4) (M= Co, Rh), son del tipo estructural espinela. Los restantes, de estequiometria Pb(2)[M(p)Sb(2-p)] O(6.5), se agrupan en tres familias: p=0.33, M= Mg, Ni, Cu, Zn; p=0.50, M= Al, Sc, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ga, Rh, In; p=1.00, M= Ti, Ge, Zr, Sn, Hf, y adoptan estructuras tipo pirocloro con vacantes de oxigeno. Estos compuestos se han preparado por tratamiento termico al aire de mezclas de oxidos binarios a temperaturas comprendidas entre 900 grados Centigrados [Pb(2) [Cu(0.33)Sb(1.67)] O(6.5)] y 1.100 grados Centigrados [Pb(2) [MSb] O(6.5), M= Zr, Sn, Hf], y se han estudiado en forma policristalina por difraccion de rayos X microscopia electronica difraccion de electrones y espectroscopia ir. Tambien se han determinado susceptibilidades magneticas y se han medido constantes dielectricas.
Naturally Occurring Human Monoclonal Antibodies Neutralize both 1918 and 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Viruses (2009)

The 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus exhibits hemagglutinin protein sequence homology with the 1918 pandemic influenza virus. We found that human monoclonal antibodies recognized the Sa antigenic site on the head domains of both 1918 and 2009 hemagglutinins, a site that is hypervariable due to immune selection. These antibodies exhibited high potency against the 2009 virus in vitro, and one exerted a marked therapeutic effect in vivo.
Comparison of Dynamic Loading of Light Weight and Steel Drillpipes During Tripping Operations (2014)

Depletion of shallow depth reservoirs has driven the industry towards drilling of ultra-deep HPHT wells to reach unexploited reserves. Drilling such challenging wells is the most compelling reason for drilling companies to look for alternative drill pipes that meet their requirements. Currently, with the emergence of light-weight drill pipes, a thorough study of their advantages and disadvantages compared with conventional drill pipes is needed. Weight of drillstring, dynamic load at the surface and produced surge and swab pressures can be considered as the most significant parameters during tripping operations in ultra-deep wells. The deeper the well the more crucial becomes the management of the dynamic load. In this study the main focus is on the comparison of dynamic load along four different drillstrings in deep and ultra-deep vertical wells: Steel Drillpipe (SDP), Aluminum Drillpipe (ADP), Titanium Drillpipe (TDP) and Composite Drillpipe (CDP). A new approach for calculation of the dynamic load based on a semi-analytical solution of the wave equation has been developed. According to our calculation, the string made of SDP produces the highest dynamic load among those studied. It is shown that vibration along the composite drillstring lasts a much shorter time than vibration along the other types of drillstring. In other words, the impact of fluid damping is more effective on the composite drillstring than the others. Investigation of different slips removal velocity profiles reveals that an optimum slips removal velocity profile can reduce the magnitude of the produced dynamic load coming from the subsequent downward motion. This paper can help drilling engineers design an optimal drillstring for ultra-deep wells as well as optimal tripping velocity profiles.
Optimization of the production of progesterone 11α‐hydroxylase by Rhizopus nigricans (1980)

Abstract The progesterone 11α‐hydroxylase of Rhizopus nigricans ATCC 6227b is an inducible enzyme system that is primarily induced by its substrate progesterone. Maximum induction was found at a progesterone concentration of 0.5 g/liter or above. Oxygen is the other substrate for the hydroxylation and this was found to have a major effect on the amounts of hydroxylase synthesized. Optimum induction of the hydroxylase in a fermentation with a 3.1 m/sec impeller tip speed was found to occur at a dissolved oxygen tension (DOT) of 10% of air saturation. The agitation rate also effects the amount of hydroxylase synthesized with an apparent maximum at 3.1 m/sec impeller tip speed. The DOT for a maximum hydroxylation rate was much higher than for enzyme synthesis so that it was preferable to increase the DOT after induction was completed.
Critical issues in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection in methadone maintenance patients (2008)

High quality medical care for all aspects of HCV infection can be provided to methadone maintenance patients. The literature supports the effectiveness of such services, but the reality is that most patients do not receive them.
A quick intelligent page-programming architecture and a shielded bitline sensing method for 3 V-only NAND flash memory (1994)

This paper describes a quick intelligent page-programming architecture with a newly introduced intelligent verify circuit for 3 V-only NAND flash memories. The new verify circuit, which is composed of only two transistors, results in a simple intelligent program algorithm for 3 V-only operation and a reduction of the program time to 56%. This paper also describes a shielded bitline sensing method to reduce a bitline-bitline capacitive coupling noise from 700 mV to 35 mV. The large 700 mV noise without the shielded bitline architecture is mainly caused by the NAND-type cell array structure. A 3 V-only experimental NAND flash memory, developed in a 0.7-/spl mu/m NAND flash memory process technology, demonstrates that the programmed threshold voltages are controlled between 0.4 V and 1.8 V by the new verify circuit. The shielded bitline sensing method realizes a 2.5-/spl mu/s random access time with a 2.7-V power supply. The page-programming is completed after the 40-/spl mu/s program and 2.8-/spl mu/s verify read cycle is iterated 4 times. The block-erasing time is 10 ms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Changing construction technologies through the use of self-compacting concrete (2005)

The International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures (RILEM) was founded with the aim to promote scientific cooperation in the area of construction materials and structures worldwide. This mission is achieved through collaboration of leading experts in construction practice and science including academics, researchers, industrialists, testing laboratories and authorities.
On the Calibration of Single-Shot Planar Laser Imaging Techniques in Engines (2002)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The noise characteristics of four camera systems representative of those typically used for laser-imaging experiments (a back-illuminated slow-scan camera, a frame-straddling slow-scan camera, an intensified slow-scan camera and an intensified video-rate camera) were investigated, and the results are presented as a function of the signal level and illumination level. These results provide the maximum possible signal-to-noise ratio for laser-imaging experiments, and represent the limit of quantitative signal interpretation. A calibration strategy for engine data that limits the uncertainties associated with thermodynamic and optical correction was presented and applied to engine data acquired with two of the camera systems. When a rigorous analysis of the signal is performed it is seen that shot noise limits the quantitative interpretation of the data for most typical laser-imaging experiments, and obviates the use of single-pixel data.&lt;/div&gt;
Impact of sleep disturbances on neurodegeneration: Insight from studies in animal models (2020)

Chronic short sleep or extended wake periods are commonly observed in most industrialized countries. Previously neurobehavioral impairment following sleep loss was considered to be a readily reversible occurrence, normalized upon recovery sleep. Recent clinical studies suggest that chronic short sleep and sleep disruption may be risk factors for neurodegeneration. Animal models have been instrumental in determining whether disturbed sleep can injure the brain. We now understand that repeated periods of extended wakefulness across the typical sleep period and/or sleep fragmentation can have lasting effects on neurogenesis and select populations of neurons and glia. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the advancements made using animal models of sleep loss to understand the extent and mechanisms of chronic short sleep induced neural injury.
Polyacrylates in the presence of an extraordinary monovalent cation—Solution behavior and metal nanoparticle formation (2018)

Sodium polyacrylate (NaPA) in dilute aqueous solution at an ionic strength of [NaNO<sub>3</sub>] = 0.01M establishes a rich phase behavior in the presence of low amounts of silver cations, which were introduced at a few millimoles or less by replacing the corresponding amount of Na<sup>+</sup> cations. Beyond an extremely low level of Ag<sup>+</sup> cations, anionic PA chains aggregate. By increasing the concentration of Ag<sup>+</sup>, the aggregates become denser and keep on growing without limit. Once a certain range of [Ag<sup>+</sup>] is reached, the instantaneously formed dense aggregates remain stable. Irradiation of the PA aggregate solutions with UV-light induces formation of silver nanoparticles (Ag-Nps). Based on a combination of UV-vis spectroscopy, light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and small angle neutron scattering, the mechanism of this NaPA assisted formation of Ag-Nps is studied. One focus of the study is lying on the effect of the two different solution states of dense aggregates, corresponding to the unstable growing AgPA aggregates and to the stable AgPA aggregates and another focus is aiming at the characterisation of the morphology of the generated hybrid particles composed of Ag-Nps and hosting PA chains.
A programmable event-based-middleware for pervasive mobile agent organizations (2003)

This paper firstly introduces a conceptual framework for the effective design and development of distributed pervasive applications based on mobile agents. The framework, based on the definition of active organizational contexts, promotes an engineered and modular approach to application design by introducing the notion of active organizational contexts. Then, the paper describes the architecture and the implementation of a re-configurable event-based micro-kernel implementing active organizational context, suitable as a supporting middleware for pervasive applications based on mobile agents. An application example in the area of urban traffic control shows the effectiveness of the approach.
Effects of neutral interactions on velocity-shear-driven plasma waves (2014)

In a laboratory experiment, we demonstrate the substantial effects that collisions between charged and neutral particles have on low-frequency (Ωi ≪ ω ≪ Ωe) shear-driven electrostatic lower hybrid waves in a plasma. We establish a strong (up to 2.5 kV/m) highly localized electric field with a length scale shorter than the ion gyroradius, so that the ions in the plasma, unlike the electrons, do not develop the full E × B drift velocity. The resulting shear in the particle velocities initiates the electron-ion hybrid (EIH) instability, and we observe the formation of strong waves in the vicinity of the shear with variations in plasma densities of 10% or greater. Our experimental configuration allows us to vary the neutral background density by more than a factor of two while holding the charged particle density effectively constant. Not surprisingly, increasing the neutral density decreases the growth rate/saturation amplitude of the waves and increases the threshold electric field necessary for wave formation, but the presence of neutrals affects the dominant wave frequency as well. We show that a 50% increase in the neutral density decreases the wave frequency by 20% while also suppressing the electric field dependence of the frequency that is observed when fewer neutrals are present. The majority of these effects, as well as the values of the frequencies we observe, closely match the predictions of previously developed linear EIH instability theory, for which we present the results of a numerical solution.
Reduced Inhibition of Dentate Granule Cells in a Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (2003)

Patients and models of temporal lobe epilepsy have fewer inhibitory interneurons in the dentate gyrus than controls, but it is unclear whether granule cell inhibition is reduced. We report the loss of GABAergic inhibition of granule cells in the temporal dentate gyrus of pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats. In situ hybridization for GAD65 mRNA and immunocytochemistry for parvalbumin and somatostatin confirmed the loss of inhibitory interneurons. In epileptic rats, granule cells had prolonged EPSPs, and they discharged more action potentials than controls. Although the conductances of evoked IPSPs recorded in normal ACSF were not significantly reduced and paired-pulse responses showed enhanced inhibition of granule cells from epileptic rats, more direct measures of granule cell inhibition revealed significant deficiencies. In granule cells from epileptic rats, evoked monosynaptic IPSP conductances were <40% of controls, and the frequency of GABA(A) receptor-mediated spontaneous and miniature IPSCs (mIPSCs) was <50% of controls. Within 3-7 d after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus, miniature IPSC frequency had decreased, and it remained low, without functional evidence of compensatory synaptogenesis by GABAergic axons in chronically epileptic rats. Both parvalbumin- and somatostatin-immunoreactive interneuron numbers and the frequency of both fast- and slow-rising GABA(A) receptor-mediated mIPSCs were reduced, suggesting that loss of inhibitory synaptic input to granule cells occurred at both proximal/somatic and distal/dendritic sites. Reduced granule cell inhibition in the temporal dentate gyrus preceded the onset of spontaneous recurrent seizures by days to weeks, so it may contribute, but is insufficient, to cause epilepsy.
Enantioselective Alkynylation of Aromatic Ketones Catalyzed by New Chiral Oxazolidine Ligands (2005)

Abstract New chiral oxazolidine ligands have been derived conveniently from natural amino acids in good yields. Their use in the enantioselective addition of phenylacetylene to aromatic ketones has been tested with the best ee being up to 88%. We provide a simple, practical and inexpensive method to generate chiral tertiary propargylic alcohols.
Frågeställningar i examensarbeten (2014)

För att klara examinationsmålen i civilingenjörsexamen (SFS 1993:100 bilaga 2) ska varje student visa förmåga att med helhetssyn kritiskt, självständigt och kreativt identifiera, formulera och hantera komplexa frågeställningar. För att öka förståelsen för hur forskningsfrågan identifieras, formuleras och hanteras vid LTH har ett tjugotal examensarbetsrapporter från olika institutioner granskats. Granskningen har utgått från rapporternas inledande och avslutande kapitel för att se om forskningsfrågan tydligt formuleras i inledningen och om den besvaras i slutsatserna. Utifrån det material vi har studerat och publicerad litteratur kan vi konstatera att det är ett allmänt problem att studenter på masters-nivå överlag har liten vana vid att hantera komplexa frågeställningar. Det tycks finnas bristande kunskaper om vad vetenskaplighet/vetenskaplig metodik/vetenskaplig tradition innebär för vad som ska presenteras och vi kan konstatera att det både på LTH och i stort finns ett behov för åtgärder för att på ett mer effektiv sätt träna studenter i detta. Att litteraturen inom detta område är begränsad visar på både behovet men kanske också svårigheter att identifiera precis hur detta kan göras. Vi identifierade detta som ett viktigt utvecklingsområde för handledare av examensarbeten inom civilingenjörsutbildningarna på LTH, som dock också kan komma att behöva stöd av nya strukturer och systematiska åtgärder för att nå gemensamma mål för hela fakulteten.
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF A 1,2,4‐OXADIAZOLINE FROM AN AZIRIDINE‐ MECHANISM OF THE REACTION AND PHOTOCHEMICAL CONVERSION INTO A BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVE (1978)

Abstract Aus dem Aziridin (I) erhält man unter Ringspaltung das Iminiumsalz (II), das mit Natriumnitrit zum Oxadiazolin (III) cyclisiert.
Associations of Long-Term Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability With Subclinical Kidney Damage and Albuminuria in Adulthood: a 30-Year Prospective Cohort Study (2022)

Identifying long-term BPV from early age may assist in predicting kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in later life.
End-to-End Zero-Shot Voice Conversion Using a DDSP Vocoder (2021)

In this paper, we propose a zero-shot voice conversion algorithm using a neural vocoder based on differential digital signal processing. The vocoder does not require auto-regression, and its lightweight, differentiable nature allows the proposed system to be trained in an end-to-end fashion. This enables the use of more perceptually relevant objective functions for model training, and allows feature conversion and vocoder sub-networks to internally learn their own acoustic representation in a data-driven manner. We illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by both qualitative and quantitative means, with comparisons to some of our previous works.
On the way to zero phaco (2013)

Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery: September 2013 - Volume 39 - Issue 9 - p 1442-1444 doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2013.07.002