gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical Fiber Sensing Cables for Brillouin-Based Distributed Measurements (2019)

Brillouin distributed optical fiber sensing (Brillouin D-FOS) is a powerful technology for real-time in situ monitoring of various physical quantities, such as strain, temperature, and pressure. Compared to local or multi-point fiber optic sensing techniques, in Brillouin-based sensing, the optical fiber is interrogated along its complete length with a resolution down to decimeters and with a frequency encoding of the measure information that is not affected by changes in the optical attenuation. The fiber sensing cable plays a significant role since it must ensure a low optical loss and optimal transfer of the measured parameters for a long time and in harsh conditions, e.g., the presence of moisture, corrosion, and relevant mechanical or thermal stresses. In this paper, research and application regarding optical fiber cables for Brillouin distributed sensing are reviewed, connected, and extended. It is shown how appropriate cable design can give a significant contribution toward the successful exploitation of the Brillouin D-FOS technique.
3,3,5‐Trimethylcyclohexanols and derived esters: green synthetic procedures, odour evaluation and in vitro skin cytotoxicity assays1 (2006)

Synopsis The alcohols 3,3,5‐trimethylcyclohexanols ( cis , trans epimers, cosmetic fragrance) and some derived esters, potential and well‐known actives in the cosmetic field, such as Homosalate, were synthesized using fast solvent‐free methodologies with the aim of renewing and simplifying the conventional procedures. The alcohols were prepared by reduction of 3,3,5‐trimethylcyclohexanone (dihydroisophorone) with sodium borohydride/alumina in solid state. The esters from propanoic, butanoic, octanoic, 10‐undecenoic, cyclopropanecarboxylic, mandelic and salicylic acids were synthesized with microwave‐mediated solvent‐free procedures under acidic and basic catalysis. Several experiments were carried out to study advantages and limits of the selected methodologies and the results are reported. Microwave irradiation was carried out using a scientific monomode reactor. In order to evaluate the cosmetic interest of the studied compounds, the sweet‐scented substances were submitted to an odour evaluation test; the most promising fragrances and the ester from 10‐undecenoic acid, as an example of lipophilic derivatives, were tested to assess their in vitro skin toxicity.
TMK-688/an orally effective anti-allergic agent. (1988)

Leukotrienes (LT), mediators on allergic asthma and inflammation, are formed from arachidonic acid by 5-lipoxygenase. An attempt was made to develop an orally effective anti-allergic drug. Caffeic acid was found to inhibit 5-lipoxygenase. We synthesized about 200 derivatives of caffeic acid. Among its derivatives, TMK-688, 1- (3- (5- (3-methoxy-4-ethoxycarbonyloxy) -1-oxo-2, 4-pentadienyl) aminoethyl) -4-benzhydryloxy-piperidine, was finally selected to be the most suitable drug. TMK-688 showed significant inhibition in various models of allergic reactions and non-allergic reaction, i.e., 1. Inhibition of IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats. 2. Inhibition of direct passive Arthus reaction in rats. 3. Inhibition of anaphylactic bronchoconstriction in guinea-pig. 4. Inhibition of histamine-induced smooth muscle contraction in guinea-pigs trachea. 5. Inhibition of platelet activating factor-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea-pigs, etc.Above all results suggest that TMK-688 is a unique orally active anti-allergic drug.
Cyclooxygenase 2 is up-regulated and localized to macrophages in the intestine of Min mice (1999)

Expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is believed to play an important role in adenoma formation in murine polyposis models, and inhibition of COX-2 activity may, at least, partly explain the chemopreventative activity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs against colorectal cancer in humans. However, the mechanism by which COX-2 acts in intestinal tumorigenesis remains unresolved because of conflicting data on the cellular localization of COX-2 in intestinal mucosa. Using immunohistochemistry with specific COX-2 antiserum, we have shown that COX-2 protein is localized to interstitial cells at the base of and within adenomas of the small and large intestine of multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min) mice. No COX-2 staining was observed in dysplastic epithelial cells within adenomas or in histologically normal epithelium. Moreover, COX-2 staining was observed in lamina propria cells of histologically normal intestine of Min mice. No staining was demonstrated in wild-type littermates. The rat monoclonal antibody F4/80 was used to show that COX-2-positive cells represented a subset of the macrophage population present in the intestine of Min mice. Localization of COX-2 to macrophages implies a paracrine effect of COX-2 function on epithelial cells in adenomas and also on histologically normal epithelium. Up-regulation of COX-2 expression in lamina propria macrophages may precede loss of the second functional Apc allele in epithelial cells before adenoma formation in the Min mouse model of intestinal tumorigenesis.
Post DNB Heat Transfer Characteristics of PWR Fuel Assemblies and their Evaluation (2002)

In the thermal-hydraulic design of Pressurized Water Reactor, the departure from nucleate boiling (DNB) under the anticipated transients is not allowed. However, it is recognized that DNB dose not cause the fuel rod failure if the fuel rod temperature after DNB is not so high and the film boiling duration time is not so long. To establish the evaluation method of the heat transfer behavior after DNB, the post-DNB heat transfer experiments for PWR fuel assemblies were performed under the sponsorship of Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI). Based on the obtained experimental data, the post-DNB heat-transfer correlation, the model of the axial propagation of the film-boiling region after DNB and the model of the rewet front progress were investigated.
Weight Approximation in Stroke Before Thrombolysis (2010)

Our study shows that reliable BW data are missing for a majority of intravenous thrombolysis patients. Measuring BW before administering Alteplase remains challenging. Given dosing errors in one-third of patients and the observed impact on outcome, standardized weighing before thrombolysis should be considered. Clinical Trial Registration-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01006434.
ASCL1 and NEUROD1 Reveal Heterogeneity in Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors and Regulate Distinct Genetic Programs (2016)

Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor. The transcription factors ASCL1 and NEUROD1 play crucial roles in promoting malignant behavior and survival of human SCLC cell lines. Here, we find that ASCL1 and NEUROD1 identify heterogeneity in SCLC, bind distinct genomic loci, and regulate mostly distinct genes. ASCL1, but not NEUROD1, is present in mouse pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, and only ASCL1 is required in vivo for tumor formation in mouse models of SCLC. ASCL1 targets oncogenic genes including MYCL1, RET, SOX2, and NFIB while NEUROD1 targets MYC. ASCL1 and NEUROD1 regulate different genes that commonly contribute to neuronal function. ASCL1 also regulates multiple genes in the NOTCH pathway including DLL3. Together, ASCL1 and NEUROD1 distinguish heterogeneity in SCLC with distinct genomic landscapes and distinct gene expression programs.
Development of Two-Phase Loops with Capillary Pumps (1997)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The two-phase loops with capillary pumping (TPL CP), their thermodynamic working cycles, and the problems of increasing their heat transfer capacity have been considered. The structural schemes of such systems have been presented. The TPL CP heat transfer capacity functional dependence under different influences, heat flux inversion being included, has been obtained.&lt;/div&gt;
Reversible metal-directed assembly of clusters of vesicles (1999)

A terpy-functionalised phospholipid has been incorporated into lecithin vesicles and iron(II)-directed aggregation processes have been studied.
Chloroquine normalizes aberrant transforming growth factor beta activity in cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells (2006)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) remains a fatal progressive disease in spite of the discovery and characterization of the CFTR gene. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) has been implicated in pathophysiology of CF. Previous reports have shown the trans-Golgi network (TGN) is hyperacdified in CF epithelial cells in culture and that this hyperacidification can be corrected with the membrane permeant weak base, chloroquine. In this study bioactive TGF-beta produced by CF and normal cells was measured using a reporter cell line with a TGF-beta responsive promoter linked to luciferase. Increased levels of TGF-beta were detected in the conditioned media from CF epithelial cells compared to their matched controls-(IB3-1 vs. S9; pCEP-R vs. pCEP, CuFi-4 vs. NuLi-1). Levels of TGF-beta were normalized with chloroquine indicating that the hyperacidification of the TGN of CF cells is responsible for the altered TGF-beta levels.
Infundibulopelvic stenosis, multicystic kidney, and calyectasis in a kindred: Clinical observations and genetic analysis (1995)

Congenital obstructive anomalies of the urinary tract usually occur sporadically. We describe inheritance in a three-generation kindred of a spectrum of kidney anomalies consistent with an autosomal-dominant mode of transmission, with incomplete penetrance, calyectasis (maternal grandmother), infundibulopelvic stenosis (uncle), and multicystic kidney (male proband, age 4 years). The proband's mother, father and half sister had normal renal imaging studies. Inheritance of informative polymorphic markers (3'-HVR, GGG1, GGG9, SM-7, KG8, and CW3) mapping close to the adult polycystic kidney disease type 1 (PKD-1) and tuberous sclerosis (TSC-2) loci on chromosome 16p was evaluated by Southern blot studies and by PCR-based, fluorescent genotyping for linkage to phenotype. The 3 affected individuals, as well as the unaffected mother (obligate carrier) and unaffected half-sister, inherit a common chromosome haplotype linked to the PKD1 locus. Our findings support the hypothesis that these anomalies may be part of a spectrum of obstructive renal dysplasia which are inherited as a simple Mendelian trait exhibiting an autosomal-dominant mode of transmission with variable expression and incomplete penetrance.
Dilatometric study of low profile unsaturated polyester resins (1995)

Abstract An in‐house‐built and designed dilatometer was applied to the study of low profile unsaturated polyester resins. This article first describes the dilatometer used including its calibration then its application to low profile unsaturated polyester resins. Several series of dilatometry experiments were performed, to study the effect of low profile additive concentration and cure temperature on shrinkage control. Scanning electron micro‐graphs of the samples were also prepared to show the correlation between shrinkage control and polymer morphology.
p97-Containing Complexes in Proliferation Control and Cancer: Emerging Culprits or Guilt by Association? (2010)

p97 (also called VCP in metazoans and CDC48 in yeast) is a highly conserved, abundant and essential type II ATPase that functions in numerous ubiquitin signaling dependent processes. p97/Cd48 activities require a growing number of adaptor or accessory proteins that promote interactions with ubiquitinated proteins. p97 has human disease relevance as it is mutated in familial cases of inclusion body myopathy associated with Paget's disease of the bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD). There is also increasing evidence suggesting that p97 and/or some of its adaptors play a role in cancer. This review will summarize our existing knowledge of the biochemical, molecular and cellular activities of p97-containing complexes, with an ending focus on their potential role in malignancy.
Everolimus Plus Exemestane for the Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer: A Review of Subanalyses from BOLERO-2 (2015)

Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer is typically managed with endocrine therapies. However, resistance to endocrine therapy results in disease progression in a large proportion of breast cancers. Through the understanding of the mechanisms of endocrine resistance, identification of implicated pathways and targets has led to the development of novel agents targeting these pathways. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway aberrations are common in breast cancer, with increased PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling associated with resistance to endocrine and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies. The mTOR inhibitor everolimus, in combination with exemestane, has been approved for patients with advanced hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer who progress on prior nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor therapy based on results reported in the Breast Cancer Trials of Oral Everolimus-2 (BOLERO-2) study. This review will summarize the overall findings from BOLERO-2 and will consider available subanalyses by age, Asian origin, visceral or bone metastases, and prior therapy, with the aim of identifying populations most likely to benefit from everolimus therapy. The review will also summarize safety findings and their management and the effects of everolimus on quality of life.
Inhibitory interactions of aromatic organics during microbial degradation (1984)

Abstract Phenol, benzene and naphthalene were exposed, both singly and in combination, to oil refinery settling pond inocula. Although all three aromatic organics degraded rapidly when dosed singly, benzene and naphthalene were not metabolized in the presence of phenol. These results illustrate the difficulty of predicting environmental fates of complex chemical mixtures.
The Succinate Receptor SUCNR1 Resides at the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Relocates to the Plasma Membrane in Hypoxic Conditions (2022)

The GPCR SUCNR1/GPR91 exerts proangiogenesis upon stimulation with the Krebs cycle metabolite succinate. GPCR signaling depends on the surrounding environment and intracellular localization through location bias. Here, we show by microscopy and by cell fractionation that in neurons, SUCNR1 resides at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), while being fully functional, as shown by calcium release and the induction of the expression of the proangiogenic gene for VEGFA. ER localization was found to depend upon N-glycosylation, particularly at position N8; the nonglycosylated mutant receptor localizes at the plasma membrane shuttled by RAB11. This SUCNR1 glycosylation is physiologically regulated, so that during hypoxic conditions, SUCNR1 is deglycosylated and relocates to the plasma membrane. Downstream signal transduction of SUCNR1 was found to activate the prostaglandin synthesis pathway through direct interaction with COX-2 at the ER; pharmacologic antagonism of the PGE<sub>2</sub> EP<sub>4</sub> receptor (localized at the nucleus) was found to prevent VEGFA expression. Concordantly, restoring the expression of SUCNR1 in the retina of SUCNR1-null mice renormalized vascularization; this effect is markedly diminished after transfection of the plasma membrane-localized SUCNR1 N8A mutant, emphasizing that ER localization of the succinate receptor is necessary for proper vascularization. These findings uncover an unprecedented physiologic process where GPCR resides at the ER for signaling function.
Calcium Channel Antagonists Reduce Restenosis After Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty of an Arteriovenous Fistula in Hemodialysis Patients (2008)

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for stenosis of hemodialysis fistulas is associated with a high incidence of restenosis, and improvement of the patency rate after PTA is greatly needed. In addition, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), calcium channel antagonists (CCA) and antiplatelet agents (APA) are commonly administered to most hemodialysis patients. This study retrospectively examined the effect of these medications on the incidence of restenosis after angioplasty for hemodialysis fistulae. The subjects were 92 patients--54 with anastomotic stenosis of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and 38 with stenosis of the draining veins of an arteriovenous graft (AVG)--who underwent angioplasty between January 2001 and December 2003. The patency period was defined as the interval from the first to the second angioplasty or surgical reconstruction. We excluded patients who received angioplasty two or more times. The effect of each drug on the patency of the AVF or AVG was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test and multiple logistic regression analysis. The group receiving CCA therapy showed a higher patency rate for both an AVF and an AVG. Although multiple logistic regression analysis also showed that a CCA reduces restenosis independently in an AVF, there was no significant correlation between a CCA and patency in an AVG. Treatment with an ARB and an APA was not associated with significantly higher patency rates for either an AVF or AVG. A CCA may reduce the incidence of restenosis after percutaneous intervention for stenosis of an AVF.
Review of lamotrigine and its clinical applications in epilepsy (2003)

Lamotrigine is an anti-epileptic agent with broad efficacy. Lamotrigine works at voltage-sensitive sodium channels, thereby stabilising the neuronal membrane and inhibiting the release of excitatory neurotransmitters such as glutamate and aspartate. Early preclinical animal studies indicate its broad-spectrum efficacy, which was later confirmed in clinical trials. Multiple randomised, placebo-controlled and comparative trials demonstrate its efficacy against partial and secondarily generalised seizures. Open-label trials show its efficacy against generalised seizures, especially absence seizures of childhood absence epilepsy and generalised seizures of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Lamotrigine has a wide clinical dose range and possesses favourable pharmacokinetic properties. It has a good tolerability and safety profile, which enhance compliance. Its small risk of serious skin rash should be weighed against its potential benefits when choosing lamotrigine on an individual basis. Lamotrigine is an excellent therapeutic option in epilepsy.
Water-soluble tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine complexes with nickel, palladium, and platinum. Crystal structure of [Pd{P(CH2OH)3}4].cntdot.CH3 (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWater-soluble tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine complexes with nickel, palladium, and platinum. Crystal structure of [Pd{P(CH2OH)3}4].cntdot.CH3James W. Ellis, Karl N. Harrison, Peter A. T. Hoye, A. Guy Orpen, Paul G. Pringle, and Martin B. SmithCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 14, 3026–3033Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00040a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00040a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1563Altmetric-Citations154LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Unveiling the nature, morphology and localization of particles responsible for white sugar turbidity. (2009)

Identification and localization of particles responsible for turbidity in white sugar crystals was investigated. Identification was carried out using two analytical techniques: X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Findings indicated that sugar turbidity mainly comprises of fine crystals of calcium oxalates. Localization of these fine crystals was elicited by using two indirect and distinct methods (sieving and washing) followed by direct observation with SEM. Results show that calcium oxalate crystals are localized both at the surface and inside sugar crystals. In addition, the morphological analysis of oxalate crystals showed the preponderance of the COD (Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate) polymorph, with the presence of two other minor polymorphs: the Monohydrate (COM) and the Trihydrate (COT) Calcium Oxalate crystals.
Gene Expression Changes in Venous Segment of Overflow Arteriovenous Fistula (2013)

Aim. The objective of this study was to characterize coordinated molecular changes in the structure and composition of the walls of venous segments of arteriovenous (AV) fistulas evoked by overflow. Methods. Venous tissue samples were collected from 6 hemodialysis patients with AV fistulas exposed to overflow and from the normal cephalic veins of 4 other hemodialysis patients. Total RNA was extracted from the venous tissue samples, and gene expression between the 2 groups was compared using Whole Human Genome DNA microarray 44 K. Microarray data were analyzed by GeneSpring GX software and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Results. The cDNA microarray analysis identified 397 upregulated genes and 456 downregulated genes. Gene ontology analysis with GeneSpring GX software revealed that biological developmental processes and glycosaminoglycan binding were the most upregulated. In addition, most upregulation occurred extracellularly. In the pathway analysis, the TGF beta signaling pathway, cytokines and inflammatory response pathway, hypertrophy model, and the myometrial relaxation and contraction pathway were significantly upregulated compared with the control cephalic vein. Conclusion. Combining microarray results and pathway information available via the Internet provided biological insight into the structure and composition of the venous wall of overflow AV fistulas.
<title>Cryogenic infrared radiometer for transferal of NIST radiometric standards</title> (2001)

The Space Dynamics Laboratory at Utah State University designed and constructed two identical cryogenic mid- infrared radiometers that will be used as NIST-traceable radiometric calibration transfer standards. The radiometer design is similar to the NIST BXR radiometer and thus may be calibrated at NIST using the same sources and procedures used with the BXR. Important features of these radiometers include a single element, chopped indium antimonide detector cooled by a Stirling-cycle cryocooler, two 8-position filter wheels populated with spectral and neutral density filters, and an indium antimonide focal plane array (FPA) that can be temporarily positioned at the field stop for alignment and diagnostics. This paper presents the design and results of the as-built optical and thermal performance of these radiometers. It also presents the testing set up and calibration philosophy and approach.