gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Baseband analysis of Tx leakage in WCDMA Zero-IF-receivers (2008)

Frequency division duplex transceivers employing the zero-if principle suffers from Tx leakage. In this contribution a baseband representation of the Tx leakage impact in zero-if receivers is derived and the statistical properties of the involved baseband signals are analysed. Additionally requirements on the digital compensation of Tx leakage are discussed, based on measurement results of the Tx-Rx isolation of the duplexer as well as properties of the receive branch. Thus, a framework for the digital compensation of Tx leakage at the discrete baseband is presented. Simulation results are used to validate the theoretically predicted spectral shape of the Tx leakage impact and to evaluate the influence of Tx leakage on the system performance.
Extraction, Isolation, and Purification of Value-Added Chemicals from Lignocellulosic Biomass (2022)

This review covers the operating conditions for extracting top value-added chemicals, such as levulinic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, vanillic acid, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, xylitol, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, chitosan, 2,3-butanediol, and xylo-oligosaccharides, from common lignocellulosic biomass. Operating principles of novel extraction methods, beyond pretreatments, such as Soxhlet extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, and enzymatic extraction, are also presented and reviewed. Post extraction, high-value biochemicals need to be isolated, which is achieved through a combination of one or more isolation and purification steps. The operating principles, as well as a review of isolation methods, such as membrane filtration and liquid–liquid extraction and purification using preparative chromatography, are also discussed.
CCR7 expression alters memory CD8 T-cell homeostasis by regulating occupancy in IL-7– and IL-15–dependent niches (2016)

C-C receptor 7 (CCR7) is important to allow T cells and dendritic cells to migrate toward CCL19- and CCL21-producing cells in the T-cell zone of the spleen and lymph nodes. The role of this chemokine receptor in regulating the homeostasis of effector and memory T cells during acute viral infection is poorly defined, however. In this study, we show that CCR7 expression alters memory CD8 T-cell homeostasis following lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. Greater numbers of CCR7-deficient memory T cells were formed and maintained compared with CCR7-sufficient memory T cells, especially in the lung and bone marrow. The CCR7-deficient memory T cells also displayed enhanced rates of homeostatic turnover, which may stem from increased exposure to IL-15 as a consequence of reduced exposure to IL-7, because removal of IL-15, but not of IL-7, normalized the numbers of CCR7-sufficient and CCR7-deficient memory CD8 T cells. This result suggests that IL-15 is the predominant cytokine supporting augmentation of the CCR7(-/-) memory CD8 T-cell pool. Taken together, these data suggest that CCR7 biases memory CD8 T cells toward IL-7-dependent niches over IL-15-dependent niches, which provides insight into the homeostatic regulation of different memory T-cell subsets.
Wenn Funken Wellen schlagen: Zum 150. Geburtstag von Heinrich Hertz (2007)

Abstract Mit seinen Karlsruher Experimenten zu elektromagnetischen Wellen hat Heinrich Hertz 1887 die Maxwellsche Theorie der Elektrodynamik bestätigt und zugleich den Grundstein für die heutige Informationsgesellschaft gelegt. Mit seinen Experimenten zum Photoeffekt aus dem gleichen Jahr hat er – ohne dass ihm dies klar sein konnte – auch die Grenzen der Maxwellschen Theorie aufgezeigt und eine Tür zum Photon sowie zur Photonik geöffnet. Und dabei hat das “Jahrhundert des Photons”, wie manche das 21. Jahrhundert nennen, mit Heinrich Hertz‘ 150. Geburtstag gerade erst begonnen.
Interaction RecA -protein with nuclei chromatin (the cytological aspect) (1991)

7. Devoto . Gradient of distribution in Europe of the major CF mutation and of its associated haplotype/
The Predominant Protective Effect of Tianeptine Over Other Antidepressants in Models of Neuronal Apoptosis: The Effect Blocked by Inhibitors of MAPK/ERK1/2 and PI3-K/Akt Pathways (2013)

Tianeptine (Tian) possesses neuroprotective potential, however, little is known about the effect of this drug in models of neuronal apoptosis. In the present study, we aimed (1) to compare the neuroprotective capacities of some antidepressants (ADs) in the models of staurosporine (St)- and doxorubicin (Dox)-evoked cell death, activating the intracellular and the extracellular apoptotic pathway, respectively; (2) to identify the Tian-modulated steps underlying its neuroprotective action; (3) to test the effect of various ADs against Dox-evoked cell damage in glia cells. Primary neuronal and glia cell cultures and retinoic acid-differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y (RA-SH-SY5Y) cells were co-treated with imipramine, fluoxetine, citalopram, reboxetine, mirtazapine or Tian and St or Dox. The data showed the predominant neuroprotective effect of Tian over other tested ADs against St- and Dox-induced cell damage in primary neurons and in RA-SH-SY5Y cells. This effect was shown to be caspase-3-independent but connected with attenuation of DNA fragmentation. Moreover, neuroprotection elicited by Tian was blocked by pharmacological inhibitors of MAPK/ERK1/2 and PI3-K/Akt signaling pathways as well by inhibitor of necroptosis, necrostatin-1. Interestingly, the protective effects of all tested ADs were demonstrated in primary glia cells against the Dox-evoked cell damage. The obtained data suggests the glial cells as a common target for protective action of various ADs whereas in relation to neuronal cells only Tian possesses such properties, at least against St- and Dox-induced cell damage. Moreover, this neuroprotective effect of Tian is caspase-3-independent and engages the regulation of survival pathways (MAPK/ERK1/2 and PI3-K/Akt).
Further characterization of the combining sites of Bandeiraea (Griffonia) simplicifolia lectin-I, isolectin A4 (1999)

Bandeiraea (Griffonia) simplicifolia lectin-I, isolectin A(4)(GS I-A(4)), which is cytotoxic to the human colon cancer cell lines, is one of two lectin families derived from its seed extract. It contains only a homo-oligomer of subunit A, and is most specific for GalNAcalpha1-->. In order to elucidate the GS I-A(4)-glycoconjugate interactions in greater detail, the combining site of this lectin was further characterized by enzyme linked lectino-sorbent assay (ELLSA) and by inhibition of lectin-glycoprotein interactions. This study has demonstrated that the Tn-containing glycoproteins tested, consisting of mammalian salivary glycoproteins (armadillo, asialo-hamster sublingual, asialo-ovine, -bovine, and -porcine submandibular), are bound strongly by GS I-A(4.)Among monovalent inhibitors so far tested, p-NO2-phenylalphaGalNAc is the most potent, suggesting that hydrophobic forces are important in the interaction of this lectin. GS I-A(4)is able to accommodate the monosaccharide GalNAc at the nonreducing end of oligosaccharides. This suggests that the combining site of the lectin is a shallow cavity. Among oligosaccharides and monosaccharides tested as inhibitors of the binding of GS I-A(4), the hierarchy of potencies are: GalNAcalpha1-->3GalNAcbeta1-->3Galalpha1-->4Galbeta 1-->4Glc (Forssman pentasaccharide) > GalNAcalpha1-->3(LFucalpha1-->2)Gal (blood group A)()> GalNAc > Galalpha1-->4Gal > Galalpha1-->3Gal (blood group B-like)> Gal.
Resting IL-6 and TNF-α Level in Children of Different Weight and Fitness Status (2013)

Reports suggest children with high aerobic fitness (VO2max; mL/kg/min) have healthier profiles of TNF-α and IL-6; however, research has not accounted for differences in adiposity between high-fit and low-fit individuals. Thus, this study examined differences in inflammatory markers of obese and normal weight children of different fitness levels, using two different VO2max units: per unit of fat free mass (VO2FFM) or total body mass (VO2kg). Children (n = 124; ages 8-12) were divided into four matched groups; normal weight high-fit (NH), normal weight low- fit (NL), obese high-fit (OH), and obese low-fit (OL). Height, weight, skinfolds, body mass index (BMI), and predicted VO2max were measured and a morning, fasting blood sample taken. IL-6 was elevated in the NL and OL groups compared with the NH group, as well as the OL group compared with the OH group. No differences were found in TNF-α. The relationship between IL-6 or TNF-α and the two units of predicted VO2max did not differ suggesting that either VO2FM or VO2kg can be used to describe aerobic power when studying inflammation and exercise in youth. The relationship between IL-6 or TNF-α and predicted VO2max, whether expressed per mass or per fat-free mass was similar, suggesting that both can be used to describe aerobic power when studying inflammation and exercise in youth. Given the polar design of this study, this relationship should be confirmed including overweight subjects.
Environmentally persistent free radicals in indoor particulate matter, dust, and on surfaces (2022)

Long-lived, yet reactive, environmentally persistent free radicals with known human health effects have the potential to influence indoor air quality and chemistry.
Enzymatic Decomposition (2019)

Recommendations are given concerning the terminology of methods of bioanalytical chemistry. With respect to dynamic development particularly in the analysis and investigation of biomacromolecules, terms related to bioanalytical samples, enzymatic methods, immunoanalytical methods, methods used in genomics and nucleic acid analysis, proteomics, metabolomics, glycomics, lipidomics, and biomolecules interaction studies are introduced.
Structure‐activity relationships of pentamidine‐affected ion channel trafficking and dofetilide mediated rescue (2013)

Drug-induced trafficking defects can be minimized if certain chemical features are avoided or 'synthesized out'; this could influence the design and development of future drugs. Further analysis of such features in hERG trafficking correctors may facilitate the design of a non-blocking corrector for trafficking defective hERG proteins in both congenital and acquired LQTS.
A New Class of Injection Moulded Structural Biocomposites from PHBV Bioplastic and Carbon Fibre (2012)

Abstract Biocomposites from carbon fibre (CF) and poly(hydroxybutyrate‐ co ‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) bioplastic were fabricated by extrusion followed by injection moulding. The effects of fibre length and fibre loading on the performance of PHBV/CF composites were investigated. The amount of CF (for both 150 µm and 6 mm length) was varied from 10 to 40 wt.‐%. The significant improvement in tensile strength (65%) and flexural strength (96%) was observed at 30 wt.‐% CF (6 mm length) loading. The heat deflection temperature (HDT) of the PHBV/CF composites increased by 32% compared to neat PHBV. The fibre–matrix interaction was analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tensile modulus of the composites was evaluated theoretically by the rule of mixture and the Hirsch model. magnified image
Time-resolved measurement of energy and species of an intense pulsed ion beam (1985)

A time-resolvable Thomson-parabola spectrometer is developed employing a microchannel-plate image intensifier, which acts as a high-speed shutter (∼5 ns) by gating the applied voltage. Using such a spectrometer, we have achieved the measurement of temporal behavior of beam energy for various ion species of an intense pulsed ion beam extracted from a dual-current-feed magnetically insulated diode. The energy of protons is found to be in a good agreement with the diode voltage.
Second-harmonic generation in the interior of an isotropic medium with quadratic nonlinearity by a focused inhomogeneously polarized pump beam (1998)

This paper presents a theoretical study of second-harmonic generation (SHG) by a focused pump beam in the interior of an isotropic medium, experimentally observed earlier. It shows that the spatial dispersion of the quadratic optical response of the substance can be responsible for this nonlinear process even when a macroscopic inversion center is present in the medium. It is established that this effect, which is impossible in the plane-wave approximation, also does not occur when a Gaussian pump beam with uniform distribution of the polarization state of the wave field over the cross section is used, but that the presence in the pump beam of higher transverse modes with polarization different from the fundamental mode can cause an SHG signal to appear. The conditions for a wave to appear at the doubled frequency are found, analytical dependences for its electric field and total power on the propagation coordinate, the degree of focusing, and the other parameters of the problem are obtained, and the requirements on the optimum experimental geometry are formulated. The dependence of the signal-beam power on the wavevector detuning is studied, and it is shown that interference effects can cause the wave at the second harmonic to disappear when a normal dispersion law is obeyed in the region between the fundamental and doubled frequencies.
The Excitation of a Dielectric Rod by a Cylindrical Waveguide (1958)

This paper is a theoretical analysis of the excitation of the lowest circular symmetric TM surface wave along an infinite circular dielectric rod by a metallic cylindrical waveguide coaxial with the rod. The asymptotic expressions for all the fields are obtained by means of the Wiener-Hopf method. The expressions for the total average power transmitted to the surface wave, the total average power reflected, and the total power radiated, per unit incident power, are derived and computed for epsilon=2.49 for various radii of the dielectric rod.
Nanosecond-scale hot-carrier cooling dynamics in one-dimensional quantum dot superlattices (2016)

We report the time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy of nanoseconds-scale hot-carrier (HC) cooling dynamics in InAs/GaAs quantum dot superlattices (QDSLs). We demonstrate supra 1000-K time-averaged carrier temperature in the InAs/GaAs QDSLs from one-dimensional density of states restricting the phase space and energy-momentum conservation in the carrier scattering processes. The InAs/GaAs QDSLs HC energy dissipation rate was much smaller than that for InAs/GaAs multiple quantum wells and nearly excitation-photon-density independent, implying reduced efficiency of carrier-carrier scattering.
Binding Specificities of a Polyreactive and a Monoreactive Human Monoclonal IgG Rheumatoid Factor: Role of Oligosaccharides (1996)

The immunological specificites of two human rheumatoid factor-reactive IgG monoclonal antibodies derived from unstimulated rheumatoid synovial lymphocytes have been analysed. A malaria antigen-reactive IgG monoclonal antibody from an immune donor served as a control. Purified IgG monoclonal antibody from one IgG-RF hybridoma (L1), but not from the other IgG-RF hybridoma (D1) or the anti-malaria monoclonal antibody, exhibited dose-dependent binding to multiple self and non-self antigens such as ds-DNA, cytochrome-c, bovine thyroglobulin, transferrin, cellulose and lipopolysaccharide and therefore was considered polyreactive. The immunological specificity was confirmed by inhibition experiments using the same soluble antigens as inhibitors. The polyreactivity of the IgG-RF MoAb was markedly inhibited by absorption with glycoproteins such as thyroglobulin, a commonly used target for xenoreactive natural antibodies, and cytochrome-c, indicating that the monoclonal antibody is reactive with epitopes expressed on these ligands. Since some naturally occurring antibodies are carbohydrate specific, the authors tested the IgG-RF MoAb for possible carbohydrate specificity. Absorption with certain polysaccharides containing only one or two different sugar moieties did not inhibit the binding reactivities to any of the tested antigens. Polyreactivity of the monoclonal antibody, unlike most xenoreactive natural antibodies, was not caused by reactivity with (gal alpha 1-3gal) as indicated by the remaining binding reactivity after alpha-galactosidase treatment of the antigen. Removal of the N-linked glycosylation sites within the Fc portion of target IgG markedly reduced the antibody binding. The findings suggest that the carbohydrate content of the antigen is necessary for binding of the polyreactive IgG-RF MoAb. Reactivity to carbohydrate antigens may readily explain the so-called multispecificity of certain antibodies.
Pump depletion in parametric down-conversion with low pump energies (2020)

We report the efficient generation of high-gain parametric down-conversion, including pump depletion, with pump powers as low as 100 µW (energies 0.1 µJ/pulse) and conversion efficiencies up to 33%. In our simple configuration, the pump beam is tightly focused into a bulk periodically poled lithium niobate crystal placed in free space. We also observe a change in the photon number statistics for both the pump and down-converted beams as the pump power increases to reach the depleted pump regime. The experimental results are a clear signature of the interplay between the pump and the down-converted beams in highly efficient parametric down-conversion sources.
DEVELOPMENT OF ASPHALT EMULSIONS INCORPORATING WASTE LUBRICATING OIL (2016)

The aim of this study is to develop asphalt emulsions incorporating used lubricating oil (OLUC), as a modifier agent, to produce stable emulsions and resulting in cost-effective and environmentally friendly product suitable for paving applications. A central composite design (CCD) is proposed to reduce the experiment’s number. The asphalt emulsions were characterized by Saybolt Furol viscosity, residue by evaporation, settlement and storage stability, sieve test, ductility, and penetration over residue. The results showed that asphalt emulsions, in accordance with all technical specifications, can be produced at 80°C, using 5 minutes as emulsification time and low amounts of surfactant. Moreover, the experiment incorporated OLUC in the composition of asphalt emulsions to obtain new low-cost products for use in paving operations.
Decision Support Method with AHP According to Similar Preference (2017)

SUMMARY In the decision support method with analytic hierarchy process (AHP), each evaluation criteria are evaluated for target objective, and each alternative is evaluated for each evaluation criteria. This method recommends alternatives to the user according to the total degree of weight, which is calculated from these two kinds of evaluation values. If the target user does not know all alternatives, AHP needs to use the average value of other evaluators’ evaluation in usual decision support method. However, this method does not reflect target user's preference, and the result does not satisfy the user in many cases. This paper proposes a decision support method with AHP according to similar preference. The proposal method searches the set of alternatives evaluation by others, which is nearest to evaluation by target user in the evaluation distance between alternatives. Evaluation distance is calculated using the value of an evaluation level. The shorter distance the set of alternatives is, the more appropriate alternatives user finds in this method. In practical experiment, the proposal method recommended more satisfied alternatives than the usual method, in which the evaluation value of alternatives is the average value among other evaluators.
Voronoi space division of a polymer: Topological effects, free volume, and surface end segregation (2003)

In order to investigate the topological effects of chain molecules, united-atom molecular dynamics simulations of a 500-mer polyethylene linked by 50 hexyl groups (a grafted polymer having 52 ends) are carried out and analyzed in terms of Voronoi space division. We find that the volume of a Voronoi polyhedron for a chain end is larger than that for an internal or junction atom, and that it is the most sensitive to temperature, both of which suggest higher mobility of chain ends. Moreover, chain ends dominantly localize at the surface of the globule: The striking evidence is that while the ratio of surface atoms is only 24% of all atoms, the ratio of ends at the surface is 91% out of all ends. The shape of Voronoi polyhedra for internal atoms is prolate even in the bulk, and near the surface it becomes more prolate. We propose the concept of bonding faces, which play a significant role in the Voronoi space division of covalently bonding polymers. Two bonding faces occupy 38% of the total surface area of a Voronoi polyhedron and determine the prolate shape.
Activated Carbon as a Mass‐Transfer Additive in Aqueous Organometallic Catalysis (2010)

Carbon, on active duty: The addition of activated carbon into the reaction medium appears to be a simple and efficient method to solve mass-transfer limitations in aqueous organometallic catalysis (see figure).
NZMATH 1.0 (2010)

This is an announcement of the first official release ver.1.0 of a Python system NZMATH for number theory. We overview all functions in NZMATH 1.0, show main properties after former report on NZMATH 0.5.0, and describe new features for stable development. The most important point of the release is that we can now treat number fields. The second big change is that new type of polynomial programs are provided. Elliptic curve primality proving and its related programs are also available, where we partly use a library outside NZMATH as an advantage of writing the system only by Python. On method of development, a new feature is that NZMATH is registered on SourceForge as an open source project to keep continuous development of the project. This is a unique attempt among existing systems for number theory.
The reduction of structure-borne road noise by active noise and vibration control (1999)

In this work, the feasibility of active structural and acoustic control of structure-borne rolling noise in a passenger car is demonstrated. A full vibroacoustical analysis of the demonstrator vehicle was carried out, in order to characterize fully the on-road behavior (coherence analysis, operational force analysis, and transfer path analysis), as well as to derive the necessary input/output models. The results of these analyses have been used as input for the actuator design and the control configuration determination (reference signals, actuator number and location, feedback signal determination). Different control configurations have been investigated and tested by means of numerical simulations and laboratory tests. Two control configurations, each using a different kind of control source, have been retained: a structural acoustic control system which works with six inertial shakers positioned at the main vibration transmission paths of the car suspension, and an antinoise system with four loudspeakers inside the cabin. A new inertial actuator based on the moving coil work principle has been designed and realized. A broadband control system based on an adaptive feedforward control system using six reference signals, 6/4 actuators (ASAC/ANC), and four error signals has been implemented and tested in the demonstrator car.