gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical effects and toxicity of interleukin-2 in patients with cancer (1986)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a 15,000 dalton glycoprotein produced naturally by human T-cells during an immune response. IL-2 has been demonstrated to have substantial activity alone or in combination with the adoptive transfer of lymphokine-activated killer cells in murine tumor models. IL-2 derived from both natural (Jurkat human T-cell tumor) and recombinant (Escherichia coli) sources has been studied in Phase I protocols designed to evaluate toxicity in patients with a variety of solid tumors and to ascertain improvement in clinical parameters and immunologic status. A total of 16 patients (7 with acquired immune deficiency syndrome [AIDS] and 9 with non-AIDS malignancies) were treated with Jurkat derived IL-2. The total maximum dose (1.3 X 10(5) U/kg) was limited only by supply of this reagent. A total of 25 patients have been treated with recombinant IL-2 (RIL-2) alone. Dose-limiting toxicity manifested by marked malaise and weight gain was achieved with doses of RIL-2 of 10(6) U/kg as a single bolus or 3000 U/kg/hr. IL-2 could be administered intraperitoneally with similar toxicity. Minimal renal or hepatic toxicity was demonstrated. Hematologic toxicity was limited to mild anemia (25/25), thrombocytopenia (10/25), and marked reversible eosinophilia (15/25). Pronounced weight gain greater than 2 kg (16/25) occurred in most patients, primarily those who received cumulative doses of greater than 1-3 X 10(5) U/kg of IL-2. The weight gain amounted to as much as 10% to 20% of the pretreatment weight over 3 weeks of treatment and limited our ability to give higher doses. Two partial responses (greater than 50% decrease in cross sectional diameters) were seen in two patients with melanoma metastatic to the lung.
ChemInform Abstract: f‐Element/Crown Ether Complexes. Part 4. Synthesis and Crystal and Molecular Structures of (MCl(OH2)2(18‐crown‐6))Cl2·2 H2O (M: Sm, Gd, Tb). (1987)

Abstract The reaction of the metal trichloride hexahydrates with 18‐crown‐6 in methanol/acetonitrile (1:3) at 60 °C yields the isostructural complexes (I) (no yields given).
Assessing Life Long Learning Utilizing Coop Work Term Report (2018)

CEAB introduced graduate attributes (GA) as a tool to measure the performance of an engineering institute in delivering its engineering programs. The 12th attribute is Life Long Learning (LL), which is defined as the student’s ability to identify and address their own educational needs. A student’s reaching out to technical references, away from an academic setting, is identified as a measuring tool for LL. As a pilot study, the technical references evaluated were extracted from a sample of 12 artifacts - 4th year work-term technical reports submitted as a component of co-operative education (co-op).To measure LL, a categorical metric to assess quality of cited sources was used to assess student competence in selecting credible technical information. All students included at least one technical reference in the design/analysis section (Technical Reference, TR); with most students using a mix of TR quality. Only 1/3 of students had average TR quality scores that met or exceeded the benchmark of 3.0. There may be a relationship between the type of work sector experienced and quality of references used.The pilot study suggests that using a quality metric for technical references within student documents has potential to assess lifelong learning at both the individual and cohort level. Results reinforce the need to educate and reiterate to engineering students the importance of credibility of the source of information over convenience.
Rates and products of addition of 4-chlorobenzenesulfenyl chloride to the tert-butylethylenes (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRates and products of addition of 4-chlorobenzenesulfenyl chloride to the tert-butylethylenesColeen L. Dean, Dennis G. Garratt, Thomas T. Tidwell, and George H. SchmidCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 15, 4958–4962Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00822a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00822a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of ANKRD11 as a p53 coactivator (2008)

The ability of p53 to act as a transcription factor is critical for its function as a tumor suppressor. Ankyrin repeat domain 11, ANKRD11 (also known as ANR11 or ANCO1), was found to be a novel p53-interacting protein that enhanced the transcriptional activity of p53. ANKRD11 expression was shown to be downregulated in breast cancer cell lines. Restoration of ANKRD11 expression in MCF-7 (wild-type p53) and MDA-MB-468 (p53(R273H) mutant) cells suppressed their proliferative and clonogenic properties through enhancement of CDKN1A (p21(waf1)/CIP1) expression. ShRNA-mediated silencing of ANKRD11 expression reduced the ability of p53 to activate CDKN1A expression. ANKRD11 was shown to associate with the p53 acetyltransferases and cofactors, P/CAF and hADA3. Exogenous ANKRD11 expression enhanced the levels of acetylated p53 in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells. ANKRD11 enhanced the DNA-binding properties of mutant p53(R273H) to the CDKN1A promoter, suggesting that ANKRD11 can mediate the restoration of normal p53 function in some cancer-related p53 mutations. In addition, ANKRD11 itself was found to be a novel p53 target gene. These findings demonstrate a role for ANKRD11 as a p53 coactivator and suggest the involvement of ANKRD11 in a regulatory feedback loop with p53.
Salomon Smith Barney guide to mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities (2001)

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are fixed-income securities, like bonds, which derive their return from an underlying mortgage or basket of mortgages, or an asset or basket of assets. This market has increased from about $100 billion in 1980 to over $2.5 trillion today. 
Filling the void for a new book on fixed-income, Salomon Smith Barney Guide to Mortgage-Backed and Asset-Backed Securities provides a coherent and comprehensive approach to the subject. Featuring material used by the company, this book is an ideal training tool and resource for investment professionals, institutional investors, pension fund investors, and hedge-fund investors.
Chemical Constituents of the Flora of Jordan, Part V-B. Three New Arylnaphthalene Lignan Glucosides from Haplophyllum buxbaumii (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Constituents of the Flora of Jordan, Part V-B. Three New Arylnaphthalene Lignan Glucosides from Haplophyllum buxbaumiiYousef Al-Abed, Salim Sabri, Musa Abu Zarga, Zahir Shah, and Atta-ur-RahmanCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1990, 53, 5, 1152–1161Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 September 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/np50071a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views261Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (560 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Failure Pattern Formation in Brittle Ceramics and Glasses (2007)

Abstract : When a high-speed projectile impacts a brittle material, such as glass or polycrystalline ceramic, severe damage and fragmentation is normally observed before projectile penetrates. AlON is a material being considered for a variety of transparent armor, sensor window, and radome applications. It is a polycrystalline ceramic that fulfills the requirements of transparency and requisite mechanical properties for transparent armor against armor piercing ammunition. AlON has a cubic, spinel crystal structure (Fd3m) that can be processed to transparency in a polycrystalline microstructure. It differs from glasses which do not have any periodic crystalline order, but it is akin to polycrystalline opaque ceramics, such as aluminum oxide. AlON was recently investigated by Strassburger, Patel, McCauley, and Templeton (2006) using EOI test in two different optical configurations. In the first, a regular transmitted-light shadowgraph set-up was used to observe wave and damage propagation. In the second, a modified configuration was used, where the specimens were placed between crossed polarizers, and the photoelastic effect was utilized to visualize the stress waves. Pairs of impact tests at approximately equivalent velocities were carried out in transmitted plane light (shadowgraphs) and crossed polarized light. AlON and fused silica specimens were impacted using solid cylinder steel projectiles with velocities ranging from 270 to 925 m/s.
Synthesis and Proton Conductivity of Highly Sulfonated Poly(thiophenylene) (1997)

The synthesis and characterization of poly(thiophenylenesulfonic acid), a novel class of polyaromatic electrolyte possessing up to 2.0 sulfonic acid groups per phenylene unit (m = 2.0), are described. 4-(Methylsulfinyl)diphenyl sulfide (1) was polymerized in sulfuric acid upon heating (<140 °C) or in the presence of SO3 to yield a sulfonated poly(sulfonium cation) (4), which can be converted to the corresponding sulfonated poly(thiophenylene). The precursor method using the soluble poly(sulfonium cation) makes it easy to control the sulfonation reaction in a homogeneous system. The resulting poly(thiophenylenesulfonic acid), unlike the nonsubstituted polymer, is soluble in water and methanol and can form a transparent film. The sulfonated polymer exhibits a good water affinity and an excellent proton conductivity due to the high carrier concentration. The highest conductivity (σ = 4.5 × 10-2 S cm-1) was achieved for the polymer with m = 2.0 at 80 °C.
<title>Compressed-domain reverse play of MPEG video streams</title> (1999)

We present several compressed-domain methods for reverse- play transcoding of MPEG video streams. A reverse-play transcoder takes any original MPEG IPB bitstream as input and creates an output MPEG IPB bitstream which, when decoded by a generic MPEG decoder, displays the original video games in reverse order. A baseline spatial-domain method requires decoding the MPEG bitstream, storing and reordering the decoded video frames, and re-encoding the reordered video. The proposed compressed-domain transcoding methods achieve an order of magnitude reduction in computational complexity over the baseline spatial-domain approach. Much of the savings are achieved by using the forward motion vector fields available in the forward-play MPEG bitstream to efficiently generate the reverse motion vector fields used in the reverse-play MPEG bitstream. Furthermore, the storage requirements of the compressed-domain methods are reduced and the resulting image quality is within 0.6 dB of the baseline spatial-domain approach for a difficult highly detailed computer-generated video sequence. For more typical video sequences, the resulting image quality is even closer to the baseline spatial-domain approach.
Differential recruitment of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes regulates RET isoform internalization (2017)

The RET receptor tyrosine kinase is implicated in normal development and cancer. RET is expressed as two isoforms, RET9 and RET51, with unique C-terminal tail sequences that recruit distinct protein complexes to mediate signals. Upon activation, RET isoforms are internalized with distinct kinetics, suggesting differences in regulation. Here, we demonstrate that RET9 and RET51 differ in their abilities to recruit E3 ubiquitin ligases to their unique C-termini. RET51, but not RET9, interacts with, and is ubiquitylated by CBL, which is recruited through interactions with the GRB2 adaptor protein. RET51 internalization was not affected by CBL knockout but was delayed in GRB2-depleted cells. In contrast, RET9 ubiquitylation requires phosphorylation-dependent changes in accessibility of key RET9 C-terminal binding motifs that facilitate interactions with multiple adaptor proteins, including GRB10 and SHANK2, to recruit the NEDD4 ubiquitin ligase. We showed that NEDD4-mediated ubiquitylation is required for RET9 localization to clathrin-coated pits and subsequent internalization. Our data establish differences in the mechanisms of RET9 and RET51 ubiquitylation and internalization that may influence the strength and duration of RET isoform signals and cellular outputs.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
Off-line handwritten word recognition using a hidden Markov model type stochastic network (1994)

Because of large variations involved in handwritten words, the recognition problem is very difficult. Hidden Markov models (HMM) have been widely and successfully used in speech processing and recognition. Recently HMM has also been used with some success in recognizing handwritten words with presegmented letters. In this paper, a complete scheme for totally unconstrained handwritten word recognition based on a single contextual hidden Markov model type stochastic network is presented. Our scheme includes a morphology and heuristics based segmentation algorithm, a training algorithm that can adapt itself with the changing dictionary, and a modified Viterbi algorithm which searches for the (l+1)th globally best path based on the previous l best paths. Detailed experiments are carried out and successful recognition results are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Alternating irinotecan with oxaliplatin combined with UFT plus leucovorin (SCOUT) in metastatic colorectal cancer (2008)

Tegafur-uracil (UFT) plus leucovorin (LV, folinic acid) with alternating irinotecan and oxaliplatin were effective and well tolerated in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in a phase I study. This study expanded the maximum tolerated dose group. Patients aged >or=18 years had histologically confirmed, inoperable, previously untreated, measurable mCRC. Patients received irinotecan 180 mg m(-2) on day 1, oxaliplatin 100 mg m(-2) on day 15 and UFT 250 mg m(-2) plus LV 90 mg on days 1-21 every 28 days. The phase I/II study comprised 45 patients, 29 at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The response rate in 38 evaluable patients was 63% (95% confidence interval (CI): 49-80). Median time to progression and overall survival were 8.7 months (95% CI: 7.9-10.4) and 16.8 months (95% CI: 9.6-25.3), respectively. In the MTD group, one patient had grade 3 leucopenia; one had grade 3 neutropaenia; three had grade 3 diarrhoea; and one had grade 3 neurotoxicity. No hand-foot syndrome grade >1 was seen. In total, 67% of eligible patients received second-line therapy. UFT plus LV with alternating irinotecan and oxaliplatin is an efficacious first-line treatment for mCRC, with minimal neurotoxicity and hand-foot syndrome.
Joint Power Control and Relay Matrix Design for Cooperative Communication Networks with Multiple Source-Destination Pairs (2010)

A network with L single-antenna source-destination pairs is considered that uses a half-duplex K-antenna relay to establish the end-to-end links in a dual-hop cooperative communication scheme. The sources share a common channel to concurrently transmit their signals and the relay multiplies its received signal vector with L relaying matrices and then forwards the resulting signal vectors to the destinations in dedicated channels. Under the relay's transmit power constraint at every channel as well as both sources' individual and total power constraints, the jointly optimal sources' powers and the relaying matrices are obtained that maximize the minimum of the normalized signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratios at the destinations. Numerical simulations are then used to verify the analytical results.
Pathology of the Liver in Severe Combined Immunodeficiency and Digeorge Syndrome (1993)

Review of liver biopsy or autopsy material from 33 patients with severe combined immunodeficiency or combined immunodeficiency and four patients with DiGeorge syndrome revealed a wide range of hepatic pathology. The most common abnormality was graft-versus-host disease (16 patients), followed by viral infection (4 patients had adenovirus hepatitis, 3 had cytomegalovirus hepatitis). Centrilobular fibrosis with or without veno-occlusive disease was seen in five patients. Three patients had nonspecific hepatitis, four had changes attributed to total parenteral nutrition, and two had lymphoproliferative disorders involving the liver. Both patients with lymphoproliferative disorders had received transplants. Two patients had resolving necrosis probably secondary to non-A, non-B hepatitis. One had atypical mycobacterial infection. Hemosiderosis was a common nonspecific abnormality, seen in nine patients. All patients with hepatic graft-versus-host disease had received transplants or nonirradiated blood products. Hepatic graft-versus-host disease varied in severity from hepatic necrosis with destruction of both large and small bile ducts in a transfusion-associated case to subtle damage to interlobular bile ducts. Even minimal bile duct changes correlated with the clinical impression of graft-versus-host disease in these patients. Late chronic graft-versus-host disease was not seen in any patient, although acute graft-versus-host disease sometimes occurred late after transplant.
Passive Emergency Cooling Systems for Boiling Water Reactors (PECOS-BWR) (1987)

Current boiling water reactors (BWRs) use active safety systems comprised of pumps, valves, motors, and diesel generators. These active safety systems (a) are a major cause of controversy in licensing power reactors because of reliability questions, (b) have high capital costs, and (c) require constant maintenance. An advanced BWR concept with passive emergency core cooling systems (PECOS) offers a basic alternative approach to reactor safety. In the PECOS-BWR, passive emergency core cooling is provided for the first 24 h by gravity flow of stored water released through fluidic valves that have no moving parts. Natural-draft air cooling removes heat from the core for longer periods.
Frequent deletion of hSNF5/INI1, a component of the SWI/SNF complex, in chronic myeloid leukemia. (1999)

During routine two-fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of patients with blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), we observed that yeast artificial chromosome 29GD7, which is distal to BCR at 22q11, failed to hybridize to the 9q+ derivative chromosome in 3 of 11 (27%) cases. This deleted region is close to hSNF5/INI1 (SMARCB1), a gene that encodes a widely expressed component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and that suffers biallelic mutations in malignant rhabdoid tumors. To determine whether hSNF5/INI1 was also deleted in patients with CML, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis with a specific cosmid probe. Deletion of hSNF5/INI1 on the 9q+ chromosome was found in 9 of 25 (36%) cases in blast crisis (lymphoid, n = 3; myeloid, n = 6). For the three of these nine patients for whom material was available prior to transformation, deletions were also seen in chronic phase, indicating that they are early events. Analysis of an additional 21 patients in chronic phase revealed heterozygous loss of hSNF5/INI1 in 5 (24%) cases. Of the 14 patients who had hSNF5/INI1 deletions, 7 showed a mosaic pattern of hybridization in which only a proportion of CML cells that harbored both the t(9;22) derivative chromosomes had a deletion, indicating that loss of hSNF5/INI1 was acquired during the course of the disease. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of all nine hSNF5/INI1 exons and splice junctions failed to reveal any mutations for 31 patients in transformation, including 8 who had deletions, although two polymorphisms were identified. We conclude that deletions of hSNF5/INI1 are frequent in patients with CML. Such deletions may be associated with reduced levels of hSNF5/INI1 expression, which could contribute to leukemogenesis by altering chromatin-mediated transcriptional control. Alternatively, the deletions could target another unidentified gene at 22q11 that plays a role in the pathogenesis of CML.
Zur Selektivität von Wirbelstrommethoden bei der Oberflächenprüfung von Stäben und Draht aus ferromagnetischen Stählen / The selectivity of eddy current testing in surface inspection of ferromagnetic rods and wires / La selectivite des methodes des courants de Foucault dans inspection de surface des barres et fils des aciers ferromagnetiques (1980)

Article Zur Selektivität von Wirbelstrommethoden bei der Oberflächenprüfung von Stäben und Draht aus ferromagnetischen Stählen / The selectivity of eddy current testing in surface inspection of ferromagnetic rods and wires / La selectivite des methodes des courants de Foucault dans inspection de surface des barres et fils des aciers ferromagnetiques was published on September 1, 1980 in the journal Materials Testing (volume 22, issue 9).