gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
I’m a Photographer, Let Me In! : Opening The Door To Photo Education (2016)

The globalized Western culture of innovation, as propagated by major aid institutions, does not necessarily lead to empowerment or improvement of the well-being of the stakeholders.On the contrary, it often blocks viable indigenous innovation cultures.In African societies and African Diasporas in Latin America, cultures of innovation largely accrue from the informal, not the formal sector.Crucial for their proper understanding is a threefold structural differentiation: between the formal and informal sector, within the informal sector, according to class, gender or religion, and between different transnational social spaces.Different innovation cultures may be complementary, mutually reinforcing, or conflicting, leading in extreme cases even to a 'clash of cultures' at the local level.The repercussions of competing, even antagonistic agencies of innovative strategic groups are demonstrated, analyzing the case of the African poor in Benin and the African Diasporas of Brazil and Haiti.
Micro-Operator driven Local 5G Network Architecture for Industrial Internet (2019)

In addition to the high degree of flexibility and customization required by different vertical sectors, 5G calls for a network architecture that ensures ultra-responsive and ultra-reliable communication links. The novel concept called micro-operator (uO) enables a versatile set of stakeholders to operate local 5G networks within their premises with a guaranteed quality and reliability to complement mobile network operators' (MNOs) offerings. In this paper, we propose a descriptive architecture for emerging 5G uOs which provides user specific and location specific services in a spatially confined environment. The architecture is discussed in terms of network functions and the operational units which entail the core and radio access networks in a smart factory environment which supports industry 4.0 standards. Moreover, in order to realize the conceptual design, we provide simulation results for the latency measurements of the proposed uO architecture with respect to an augmented reality use case in industrial internet. Thereby we discuss the benefits of having uO driven local 5G networks for specialized user requirements, rather than continuing with the conventional approach where only MNOs can deploy cellular networks.
Targeting the inhibitor of ADAMTS13 in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (2007)

There has clearly been an evolution in the treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) over the past several years based upon a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disorder. An autoantibody inhibitor of the ADAMTS13 protease and the resulting severe deficiency of ADAMTS13 function seem to be significant risk factors for the development of TTP, a disease increasingly recognized as an autoimmune disorder. Immune-based therapy aimed at suppressing the inhibitor of ADAMTS13 has been applied to the treatment of patients with TTP who are refractory to the standard treatment of plasma exchange and to patients with multiple recurrences of TTP. More recently, immunosuppressive therapy has been used alone as prophylactic therapy to prevent recurrences of acute TTP. This review focuses on the recent developments in the use of rituximab and ciclosporin in the treatment of TTP.
ChemInform Abstract: The Large‐Scale Synthesis of Unnatural Amino Acids (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molten Salt-Promoted MgO Adsorbents for CO2 Capture: Transient Kinetic Studies (2021)

Optimization of MgO adsorbents is predominantly focused on the regulation of appropriate adsorption sites for CO<sub>2</sub> associated with Mg<sup>2+</sup>-O<sup>2-</sup> sites of low coordination. Here, for the first time, we conducted transient kinetic experiments to identify and characterize changes of the CO<sub>2</sub> molecular path in MgO-based CO<sub>2</sub> adsorbents upon the addition of molten salt modifiers. Among the optimized samples, addition of 10 mol % NaNO<sub>2</sub> on the surface of MgO exhibited the highest CO<sub>2</sub> uptake (15.7 mmol g<sup>-1</sup>) at 350 °C compared to less than 0.1 mmol g<sup>-1</sup> for the unpromoted MgO. Kinetic modeling showed that the interaction of molten salt-promoted MgO with CO<sub>2</sub> at 300 °C involves three different processes, namely, fast surface adsorption associated with surface-active basic sites, chemical reaction associated with MgCO<sub>3</sub> formation, and a slow diffusion step being the rate-limiting step of the carbonation process. Furthermore, transient kinetic studies coupled with mass spectrometry under low CO<sub>2</sub> partial pressure agreed well with the kinetic simulation results based on TGA measurements, demonstrating an in-depth understanding of the CO<sub>2</sub>-capturing performance gained and its considerable significance for future practical designs of precombustion CO<sub>2</sub> capture.
Exploration of a Large Virtual Chemical Space: Identification of Potent Inhibitors of Lactate Dehydrogenase-A against Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

It is imperative to explore the gigantic available chemical space to identify new scaffolds for drug lead discovery. Identifying potent hits from virtual screening of large chemical databases is challenging and computationally demanding. Rather than the traditional two-dimensional (2D)/three-dimensional (3D) approaches on smaller chemical libraries of a few hundred thousand compounds, we screened a ZINC library of 15 million compounds using multiple computational methods. Here, we present the successful application of a virtual screening methodology that identifies several chemotypes as starting hits against lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA). From 29 compounds identified from virtual screening, 17 (58%) showed IC<sub>50</sub> values < 63 μM, two showed single-digit micromolar inhibition, and the most potent hit compound had IC<sub>50</sub> down to 117 nM. We enriched the database and employed an ensemble approach by combining 2D fingerprint similarity searches, pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics. WaterMap calculations were carried out to explore the thermodynamics of surface water molecules and gain insights into the LDHA binding pocket. The present work has led to the discovery of two new chemical classes, including compounds with a succinic acid monoamide moiety or a hydroxy pyrimidinone ring system. Selected hits block lactate production in cells and inhibit pancreatic cancer cell lines with cytotoxicity IC<sub>50</sub> down to 12.26 μM against MIAPaCa-2 cells and 14.64 μM against PANC-1, which, under normoxic conditions, is already comparable or more potent than most currently available known LDHA inhibitors.
A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of Cation and Anion Dynamics in Polymer–Ceramic Composite Solid Electrolytes (2020)

Polymer–ceramic composite electrolytes are promising for the application of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries with high energy density and improved safety. In this work, we employ temperature-dependent 7Li and 19F NMR to examine the chemical environment and the dynamics of Li+ cation and triflate anion in poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)–lithium triflate (LiTf) polymer electrolyte and a composite electrolyte containing 55 vol % doped lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (LICGC). The line shape analysis and spin–lattice relaxation (T1) measurements suggest both the Li+ cations and the Tf– anions reside in two distinct environment: a mobile environment and an immobile environment. In the semicrystalline state, a large ratio (>70%) of immobile Li+ and Tf– is observed. In the melt state, the ratio of mobile cations and anions significantly increases. With the presence of LICGC ceramic, an increased ratio of immobile Li+ and Tf– and reduced mobility of the mobile components are observed, indicating that the ceramic negatively impacts the transport of both the cations and the anions. NMR characterizations are corroborated by conductivity results, which reveal that the intrinsic ionic conductivity of the polymer phase of the composite electrolyte was only 0.15 of the ceramic-free polymer electrolyte at room temperature. These results shed light on the challenges inherent to composite electrolytes with the goal of achieving both enhanced Li+ transference number and ionic conductivity.
<title>Flow analysis of human chromosome sets by means of mixing-stirring device</title> (1997)

A new mixing and stirring device (MSD) was used to perform flow karyotype analysis of single human mitotic chromosomes analyzed so as to maintain the identity of chromosomes derived from the same cell. An improved method for cell preparation and intracellular staining of chromosomes was developed. The method includes enzyme treatment, incubation with saponin and separation of prestained cells from debris on a sucrose gradient. Mitotic cells are injected one by one in the MSD which is located inside the flow chamber where cells are ruptured, thereby releasing chromosomes. The set of chromosomes proceeds to flow in single file fashion to the point of analysis. The device works in a stepwise manner. The concentration of cells in the sample must be kept low to ensure that only one cell at a time enters the breaking chamber. Time-gated accumulation of data in listmode files makes it possible to separate chromosome sets comprising of single cells. The software that was developed classifies chromosome sets according to different criteria: total number of chromosomes, overall DNA content in the set, and the number of chromosomes of certain types. This approach combines the high performance of flow cytometry with the advantages of image analysis. Examples obtained with different human cell lines are presented.
Adaptive Coded Caching for Fair Delivery over Fading Channels (2018)

The performance of existing coded caching schemes is sensitive to the worst channel quality, a problem which is exacerbated when communicating over fading channels. In this paper, we address this limitation in the following manner: in short-term, we allow transmissions to subsets of users with good channel quality, avoiding users with fades, while in long-term we ensure fairness among users. Our online scheme combines (i) the classical decentralized coded caching scheme \cite{maddah2013decentralized} with (ii) joint scheduling and power control for the fading broadcast channel, as well as (iii) congestion control for ensuring the optimal long-term average performance. We prove that our online delivery scheme maximizes the alpha-fair utility among all schemes restricted to decentralized placement. By tuning the value of alpha, the proposed scheme can achieve different operating points on the average delivery rate region and tune performance according to an operator's choice. We demonstrate via simulations that our scheme outperforms two baseline schemes: (a) standard coded caching with multicast transmission, limited by the worst channel user yet exploiting the global caching gain; (b) opportunistic scheduling with unicast transmissions exploiting the fading diversity but limited to local caching gain.
Stereoselective generation of a nonaromatic, 3,5-dioxygenated steroidal system through tricyclization of polyene oxide (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective generation of a nonaromatic, 3,5-dioxygenated steroidal system through tricyclization of polyene oxideE. E. Van Tamelen and D. G. LoughheadCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 2, 869–870Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00522a084https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00522a084research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of Technologies for RNG Utilization (2018)

Renewable energy production processes have achieved significant technological and commercial maturity over the past two decades. Most carbon based renewable fuel gases contain significant quantities of CO2. Converting the CO2 along with methane into syngas is an attractive option since it can potentially increase utilization of distributed renewable carbon resources while creating additional revenue streams.An integrated renewable power generation system where the SBR process was coupled with a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) was studied using the Aspen Plus model. The steam-biogas reforming (SBR) process performed over a Pd-Rh catalyst was compared with equilibrium values predicted by Aspen Plus. At steam to carbon ratio of 1.50 and temperature of 1073 K or above, positive CO2 conversion was obtained. Coke formation was significantly reduced during reforming reaction performed experimentally over the Pd-Rh compared to literature data. SBR integrated with combustion process works with an efficiency of 40% or higher. The variation of the catalytic support material composition helps to adjust H2/CO ratio and H2/CH4 yield. CeZrO2 addition suppressed coke formation, for improved oxygen storage and oxide reducibility. Pd-Rh catalysts exhibit stable performance for 200 h, although sintering occurred regardless the catalyst composition used.A life cycle assessment was performed for methanol production pathway using syngas produced via bi-reforming pathway from CO2, H2O reforming with methane. GHG emission is about 203 kilograms of CO2e per metric tonne of methanol produced using the proposed bi-reforming pathway. GHG emission reduction is 0.29 kg/ CO2e/kg of CH3OH compared to the commercial scale production. With NG price $3.50/GJ and methanol price $400/tonne IRR is 57% with 5 years payback period.A database for Wobbe Index, Methane Number, thermal conductivity, sound velocity of biogas, anaerobic digester gas and natural gas mixture was built. A prediction model for WI and MN of a gaseous fuel mixture was developed that uses thermal conductivity and sonic velocity. The model can predict the Wobbe Index with an average error of ±2.76% and Methane Number with an average error of ±1.65%. The prediction model coupled with a thermal conductivity sensor and sonic velocity measurement sensor enables the combustion of gas efficiently.
Understanding search engines: mathematical modeling and text retrieval (2000)

A discussion of many of the key design issues for building search engines. It emphasizes the important roles that applied mathematics can play in improving information retrieval. The authors discuss not only important data structures, algorithms and software, but also user-centred issues such as interfaces, manual indexing, and document preparation. The authors bridge the gap between applied mathematics and information retrieval. They discuss some of the current problems in information retrieval that may not be familiar to applied mathematicians and computer scientists and present some of the driving computational methods (SVD, SDD) for automated conceptual indexing. This book introduces topics in a non-technical way and provides insights into common problems found in information retrieval. The more mathematical details are provided in sidebars or offset from the regular text.
Controlled porosity reservoir cathodes and photocathodes (2013)

Research is continuing to develop controlled porosity reservoir cathodes and photocathodes. Advances in design tools and fabrication techniques will be presented as well as available test results for thermionic cathodes and photocathodes.
A new straight line reconstruction methodology from multi-spectral stereo aerial images (2010)

In this study, a new methodology for the reconstruction of line features from multispectral stereo aerial images is presented. We take full advantage of the existing multispectral information in aerial images all over the steps of pre-processing and edge detection. To accurately describe the straight line segments, a principal component analysis technique is adapted. The line to line correspondences between the stereo images are established using a new pair-wise stereo matching approach. The approach involves new constraints, and the redundancy inherent in pair relations gives us a possibility to reduce the number of false matches in a probabilistic manner. The methodology is tested over three different urban test sites and provided good results for line matching and reconstruction.
Chloroplast and cytosolic glutamine synthetase are encoded by homologous nuclear genes which are differentially expressed in vivo. (1988)

We have shown that the individual members of the plant gene family for glutamine synthetase (GS) are differentially expressed in vivo, and each encode distinct GS polypeptides which are targeted to different subcellular compartments (chloroplast or cytosol). At the polypeptide level, chloroplast GS (GS2) and cytosolic GS (GS1 and GSn) are distinct and show an organ-specific distribution. We have characterized full length cDNA clones encoding chloroplast or cytosolic GS of pea. In vitro translation products encoded by three different GS cDNA clones, correspond to the mature GS2, GS1, and GSn polypeptides present in vivo. pGS185 encodes a precursor to the chloroplast GS2 polypeptide as shown by in vitro chloroplast uptake experiments. The pGS185 translation product is imported into the chloroplast stroma and processed to a polypeptide which corresponds in size and charge to that of mature chloroplast stromal GS2 (44 kDa). The 49 amino terminal amino acids encoded by pGS185 are designated as a chloroplast transit peptide by functionality in vitro, and amino acid homology to other transit peptides. The cytosolic forms of GS (GS1 and GSn) are encoded by highly homologous but distinct mRNAs. pGS299 encodes the cytosolic GS1 polypeptide (38 kDa), while pGS341 (Tingey, S. V., Walker, E. L., and Coruzzi, G. M. (1987) EMBO. J. 6, 1-9) encodes a cytosolic GSn polypeptide (37 kDa). The homologous nuclear genes for chloroplast and cytosolic GS show different patterns of expression in vivo. GS2 expression in leaves is modulated by light, at the level of steady state mRNA and protein, while the expression of cytosolic GS is unaffected by light. The light-induced expression of GS2 is due at least in part to a phytochrome mediated response. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicates that chloroplast and cytosolic GS have evolved from a common ancestor and suggest a molecular mechanism for chloroplast evolution.
RACS: Remote APDU call secure creating trust for the internet (2015)

This paper presents the emerging RACS (Remote APDU Call Secure) protocol, whose goal is the virtualization of secure elements, i.e. remote use of software applications running in these tamper resistant devices. These secure microcontrollers, shipped per billion, are usually used by smartcards or embedded in NFC (Near Field Communication) chips. In a connected world context (always on and ubiquitous internet access), mobile devices (smartphones, tablets...) or virtual machines (VM) could use RACS when trustworthy computing is requested, typically for cryptographic operations. The main RACS concept is to host secure elements in dedicated servers and to transport ISO7816 messages over a TLS/TCP/IP stack. This paper details RACS features and its security policy guideline. First experimental implementations are reviewed both for servers and clients.
563 Post-Approval Three Year Outcomes Study of the Neuroform Atlas Stent for Treatment of Wide-Neck Intracranial Aneurysms (2023)

INTRODUCTION: Favorable safety and effectiveness outcomes were presented previously for the Neuroform Atlas Stent following the completion of its pre-market study (ATLAS trial [Safety and Effectiveness of the Treatment of Wide Neck, Saccular, Intracranial Aneurysms with the Neuroform Atlas Stent System]) in anterior and posterior cohorts. METHODS: The ATLAS post-approval study was a multicenter, prospective, single-arm, open-label study of wide neck (neck ≥ 4mm or dome-to-neck ratio &lt;2) intracranial aneurysms in the anterior and posterior circulations treated with the Neuroform Atlas Stent and approved coils. The primary effectiveness endpoint was complete occlusion (Raymond-Roy class 1) on angiography in the absence of retreatment or significant parent artery stenosis (&gt;50%) through 3 years post-procedure. The primary safety endpoint was occurrence of major stroke, ipsilateral stroke, or neurological death through 3 years post-procedure. Independent adjudication of primary endpoint outcomes was completed by an Imaging Core Laboratory and Clinical Events Committee. RESULTS: A total of 146 anterior and 101 posterior cohort subjects from the pre-market study population were enrolled for continued follow-up. Subject demographics and aneurysm anatomy were representative of pivotal trial findings. For anterior subjects, the mean aneurysm size was 6.1±2.4 mm and the mean dome-to-neck ratio was 1.2±0.3 mm. In posterior subjects, the mean aneurysm size was 7±2.7 mm and the mean dome-to-neck ratio was 1.2±0.4 mm. At 3-year follow-up, the percent of target aneurysm progressive occlusion rated the same or better was 84.4% (95% CI, 67.2% - 94.7%) of anterior subjects and 90.0% (95% CI, 73.5% - 97.9%) of posterior subjects. A primary safety event was reported in 0.7% (1/146) of anterior and 1.0% (1/101) of posterior subjects, respectively, with no neurological deaths. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the ATLAS post-approval study demonstrate durable treatment effectiveness and favorable safety outcomes.
The role of interferon regulatory factor 7 in the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of rabies virus in a mouse model (2021)

Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused by the rabies virus (RABV). RABV can lead to fatal encephalitis and is still a serious threat in most parts of the world. Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) is the main transcriptional regulator of type I IFN, and it is crucial for the induction of IFNα/β and the type I IFN-dependent immune response. In this study, we focused on the role of IRF7 in the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of RABV using an IRF7<sup>-/-</sup> mouse model. The results showed that the absence of IRF7 made mice more susceptible to RABV, because IRF7 restricted the replication of RABV in the early stage of infection. IRF7 deficiency affected the recruitment of plasmacytoid dendritic cells to the draining lymph nodes (dLNs), reduced the production of type I IFN and expression of IFN-stimulated genes. Furthermore, we found that the ability to produce specific RABV-neutralizing antibody was impaired in IRF7<sup>-/-</sup> mice. Consistently, IRF7 deficiency affected the recruitment of germinal-centre B cells to dLNs, and the generation of plasma cells and RABV-specific antibody secreting cells. Moreover, the absence of IRF7 downregulated the induction of IFN-γ and reduced type 1 T helper cell (Th1)-dependent antibody production. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that IRF7 promotes humoral immune responses and compromises the pathogenicity of RABV in a mouse model.