gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of ageing on circadian rhythm of heart rate variability in healthy subjects (2020)

A progressive physiological autonomic imbalance is present in ageing. The inverse trend in the relation between HRV parameters and age found in the senior group could be mainly due to a faster fluctuation of RR. This should be considered when studying changes in the cardiac autonomic nervous control.
Underwater Camera Calibration Using Wavelength Triangulation (2013)

In underwater imagery, the image formation process includes refractions that occur when light passes from water into the camera housing, typically through a flat glass port. We extend the existing work on physical refraction models by considering the dispersion of light, and derive new constraints on the model parameters for use in calibration. This leads to a novel calibration method that achieves improved accuracy compared to existing work. We describe how to construct a novel calibration device for our method and evaluate the accuracy of the method through synthetic and real experiments.
An IGBT Driver Concept with Integrated Real-Time Junction Temperature Measurement (2014)

This paper presents an IGBT driver concept that is suitable to measure the junction temperature of a conventional IGBT power module during inverter operation. Thereby the temperature of the internal gate resistor is determined by superimposing the negative gate voltage with a highfrequency, sinusoidal identification signal. New aspects are the parallel feeding in of the identification voltage into an existing IGBT driver circuit and the generation of an ADC compatible sensor voltage using a fast rectifier and an offset compensation. The driver concept is easy to realize and enables junction temperature measurement without affecting the IGBT switching behavior and the regular inverter operation. On the basis of the theoretical backgrounds this paper presents the subsystems of the driver concept and discusses its technical feasibility. First measurement results found the remaining noise of the temperature measurement to be smaller than +- 1 Celsius. In the introduction existing approaches to measure the junction temperature are reviewed and valued regarding their usability during inverter operation.
Monitoring home network traffic via programmable routers (2013)

The explosive growth of Internet-connected consumer devices in the digital home has made home networks one of the important emerging topics in networking research. A rich body of research efforts have been made to study broadband performance and home network management, little is known about network traffic that are exchanged within home networks or between Internet-connected devices in home networks and end hosts on the Internet. In this paper we design and implement a built-in traffic monitoring system on programmable home routers to collect and analyze incoming, outgoing and internal traffic for residential home networks. To illustrate the applications of the proposed built-in traffic monitoring system, we deploy the system in two real home networks, and demonstrate its capabilities of detecting unwanted traffic towards home networks as well as those suspicious traffic originating from compromised devices in home networks. In addition, our correlation analysis on unwanted traffic towards distributed home networks reveals aggressive scanners on the Internet and sheds lights on traffic characteristics of these scanners.
Nanostructured Fishnet Silicon Photodetector Pixels as a Fully-Contained Microspectrometer Chip (2018)

We experimentally demonstrate a microspectrometer comprising twenty silicon photodetector pixels, whose responsivities are engineered via nanostructured fishnet patterns. We computationally reconstruct the spectrum of light that illuminates the chip from the measured pixel photocurrents.
CH50: A Revisited Hemolytic Complement Consumption Assay for Evaluation of Nanoparticles and Blood Plasma Protein Interaction (2011)

The use of nanoparticles as platforms or vehicles for applications in nanomedicine, such as drug delivery and medical imaging, has been widely reported in the literature. A key area of potential improvement in the development and implementation of nanoparticles is the design of surface treatments to maximize residence time in the bloodstream. Major obstacles to the prolonged circulation of nanoparticles include complement activation and opsonization, both of which contribute to the removal of foreign matter from the vasculature. A greater understanding of the mechanisms through which nanoparticles interact with the complement system of innate immunity may be necessary in future endeavours to optimize nanoparticle design. The range of experimental techniques available for measuring complement interaction is presented. In particular, an in vitro hemolytic complement consumption assay called the CH(50) method is compared with alternative complement measurement techniques and cellular uptake studies in order to demonstrate its effectiveness as a quantitative evaluation of overall complement interaction. Moreover, establishing the usefulness of CH(50) results as predictors of in vivo behaviour is identified as a critical area for future research.
CFD SIMULATION OF MULTIPHASE MELT FLOWS IN STEELMAKING CONVERTERS (2006)

The three-dimensional, transient, non-isothermal flow of melt, slag and oxygen/argon is simulated for a 335 t combined blowing converter with six-hole top lance and 14 bottom tuyeres. The calculation is based on the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and the Standard k-epsilon model. The time-dependent formation of the melt cavities is modeled by the Volume of Fluid (VoF) approach. To simulate the stirring gas plumes, individual argon bubbles are released from each bottom tuyere. The bubbles are treated as dispersed phase and modeled by the Discrete Phase Model (DPM). The basic flow phenomena such as the penetration of the supersonic oxygen jets, the motion of the liquid interfaces, the behavior of the gas plumes and their interaction with the bulk flow as well as the heat transport in the refractory lining are predicted reasonably well. However, the blowing process can only be simulated for a limited process period due to computing-time reasons. Thus, the mixing time, which gives detailed information on the homogenization process, is calculated for pure bottom-blowing. The CFD model provides an efficient tool to describe and further improve the combined blowing process.
Design and Qualification of a 100-kW Three-Phase SiC-Based Generator Rectifier Unit Rated for 50 000-Ft Altitude (2022)

Featuring higher blocking voltage, smaller parasitic elements, faster-switching speed, and a more compact package, wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductor devices like silicon carbide devices (SiC), can enable compact aircraft generator-rectifier units (GRUs) thus making them highly desirable. Yet, the combination of the increased voltages, high-power density, and the lower pressure environment associated with aircrafts can pose a significant threat to the converter operation due to the increased sensitivity to electric field ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -field) intensity inside the GRU components and their assembly. To this end, a comprehensive design and qualification of a 100-kW three-phase SiC-based GRU rated for a flight altitude of 50000 ft (11.6 kPa) is presented in this article. First, an insulation coordination based on Paschen-curve is proposed to improve the power density. High <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -field areas of the GRU are determined and preemptively solved with the use of an <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -field control methodology to prevent partial discharge (PD) under normal operating conditions. Second, the gate driver and electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter components are optimized for operation at 70 kHz. Finally, the insulation design is qualified through low-pressure PD tests, and it is verified that the unit successfully operates at rated conditions to achieve 33.3-kW/l power density, 99.2% efficiency, and PD-free operation at 50000 ft.
Overexpression of seleno-glutathione peroxidase by gene transfer enhances the resistance of T47D human breast cells to clastogenic oxidants. (1991)

The role of seleno-glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx; EC 1.11.1.9) in the cellular defense against oxidative stress was selectively investigated in novel cell models. Expression vectors designed to overexpress human GSHPx efficiently in a broad range of mammalian cells were used to transfect T47D human breast cells which contain very low levels of endogenous GSHPx. Several stable transfectants expressing GSHPx to various extents, up to 10-100 times more than parental cells, were isolated and characterized. Growth inhibition kinetics following transient exposure to increasing concentrations of H2O2, cumene hydroperoxide or menadione (an intracellular source of free radicals and reactive oxygen intermediates) showed that transfectants overexpressing GSHPx were considerably more resistant than control T47D cell derivatives to each of these oxidants. A sensitive DNA end-labeling procedure was used as a novel approach to compare relative extents of DNA strand breakage in these cells. In contrast to the extensive DNA damage induced in control transfectants by 1-h exposure to cytotoxic concentrations of menadione, the extent of DNA breakage detected in GSHPx-rich transfectants was remarkably reduced (6- to 9-fold, p less than 0.005).
Bayesian estimate of vinorelbine pharmacokinetic parameters in elderly patients with advanced metastatic cancer. (2000)

The objective of the present study was to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of vinorelbine in patients 65 years or older with metastatic cancer in progression. Twelve patients were enrolled in this study. Vinorelbine was administered by a 10-min continuous infusion at a dose of 20-30 mg/m2 through a central venous catheter. Chemotherapy was repeated weekly. A total of 46 courses of vinorelbine was studied. Each patient underwent pharmacokinetic evaluation during the first cycle of treatment. Toxicity evaluation was carried out before each course of chemotherapy. Plasma vinorelbine determinations were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography with spectrofluorometric detection. A Bayesian estimation of individual pharmacokinetic parameters was carried out using the nonlinear mixed-effect modeling approach as implemented in the NONMEM computer program. An open three-compartment pharmacokinetic model with a zero order input rate was used to describe the kinetics of vinorelbine. Area under the plasma-concentration time curve (AUC) normalized to a 30 mg/m2 administered dose averaged 0.89 mg/liter x h (coefficient of variation = 23.7%). The total plasma clearance averaged 0.93 liter/h/kg (0.61-1.83 liter/h/kg; coefficient of variation = 38.6%). The elimination half-life was 38.1 +/- 5.8 h. A high correlation was found between patient age and total clearance (r = -0.8; P < 0.001). The main hematological toxicity observed was anemia in 11 patients. Neutropenia occurred in 50% of patients. Significant correlations were found between AUC and the decrease in the hemoglobin level (r = 0.60) and between AUC and the decrease in the neutrophil count (r = 0.66). Thrombocytopenia was observed in only one patient. In conclusion, the age-related decrease in clearance found in this study supports the design of a Phase I study of vinorelbine in patients older than 65 years or perhaps 70 years.
Research progress on hepatitis B virus quasispeices of chronic hepatitis B (2018)

HBV reverse transcriptase lacks proof-reading capacity, which lead to mutation and genetic variation during replication. Consequently, HBV circulates in vivo as a viral population with a spectrum of genetically distinct but closely related variants, known as quasispecies. The quasispecies have dynamic change on immune pressure and antiviral treatment, and play an important roal on the antiviral treatment, drug resistance and outcome of chronic hepatitis B. This paper reviews about the quasispeices change on the progress of chronic hepatits B.


Key words: 
Chronic hepatitis B; Quasispecies; Antiviral treatment
Heterotaxy (2015)

Heterotaxy, a birth defect associated with randomization of left-right visceral organ asymmetry, is highly associated with complex congenital heart disease (CHD). This reflects the essential role of left-right patterning in the formation of the four-chamber heart required for the systemic/pulmonary circulation. Clinically, a narrow spectrum of heterotaxy patients with CHD is classified as either having left (LAI) or right atrial isomerism (RAI). The most common CHD observed with heterotaxy is atrioventricular (AV) septal defect, with RAI having a worse prognosis due to more complex CHD involving AV or ventriculoarterial discordance; those with LAI may suffer from conduction abnormalities, but with less serious structural heart defects. While heterotaxy may have a genetically heterogeneous etiology with a male bias, recent studies suggest some heterotaxy patients may share a common genetic etiology with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) involving motile cilium defects. Similar to PCD, patients with heterotaxy secondary to ciliary dysfunction (CD) may have respiratory disease, more postsurgical respiratory complications and a trend towards increased morbidity/mortality. Together these findings suggest heterotaxy patients may benefit from presurgical screening for airway CD and potential pulmonary therapy to improve postsurgical outcome.
Profiles of Serum Bile Acids in Live Diseases (1986)

Cholylglycine (CG) and sulfolithocholylglycine (SLCG) in fasting and postprandial serum were determined in patients with liver diseases by radioimmunoassay. In normal controls, fasting CG and SLCG were 54.67±68.66ng/100ml and 16.61 ±12.84ng/100ml respectively, while postprandial CG and SLCG were 61.21 ±37.29ng/100ml and 21.95± 15.9ng/100ml respectively.
Incorporation of the Non-Human Sialic Acid Neu5Gc into Human Leukemic Cells and Targeting by Natural Human Anti-Neu5Gc Antibodies. (2004)

Abstract Humans are incapable of synthesizing the common mammalian cell surface sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), due to an irreversible genetic mutation that occurred after our last common ancestor with great apes. Despite this, we found trace levels of Neu5Gc in certain normal human tissues, and higher levels in fetal and malignant tissues, apparently due to incorporation from dietary sources. Circulating anti-Neu5Gc antibodies also occur in most normal humans, with marked individual variations in levels. We now show that while normal human blood cells metabolically incorporate very little free Neu5Gc from the culture medium, human leukemic cell lines do so efficiently, displaying it on their cell surfaces, as detected by flow cytometry using a monospecific polyclonal chicken antibody, and confirmed chemically by HPLC. Specific deposition of IgG from Neu5Gc-reactive human sera onto Neu5Gc-expressing leukemic cells could be demonstrated. This was associated with lytic cell killing, apoptosis, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Human sera with low levels of anti-Neu5Gc antibodies did not mediate such effects. These data show for the first time that the “natural” anti-Neu5Gc antibodies found in normal humans can be functionally active. The selective incorporation of Neu5Gc into leukemic cells could provide an approach for targeting leukemic cells in vivo, via naturally occurring Neu5Gc-specific antibodies. However, in contrast to unstimulated blood cells, activated human T-lymphocytes also incorporated some Neu5Gc, albeit to a lesser degree than leukemic cells, allowing IgG binding and complement deposition. Thus, exposure of rapidly dividing activated T cells to Neu5Gc could potentially affect ongoing immune responses. Since incorporation into leukemic cells was most efficient, it may still be possible to define a therapeutic window to selectively target malignant cells.
Increasing Crystallization Rate in Growing Single Crystals of Quartz (2018)

A new method was proposed to increase the crystallization rate in growing single crystals of quartz. In this method, the crystallization is accelerated by using surfactants (polyethyleneamine, tetramethylammonium base, and polyethyleneimine) added to a soda-alkaline solution of standard concentration. Within studied ranges of pressures and concentrations of components of the solution, polyethyleneimine at a concentration of 0.002–0.05 wt % is the most efficient crystallization accelerator, which can increase the quartz crystal growth rate on the average by a factor of 2.
Formal verification of algorithms for critical systems (1991)

article Free Access Share on Formal verification of algorithms for critical systems Authors: John Rushby Computer Science Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA Computer Science Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CAView Profile , Friedrich von Henke Fakultät für Informatik, Universität Ulm, Postfach 4066, D-7900 Ulm, Germany Fakultät für Informatik, Universität Ulm, Postfach 4066, D-7900 Ulm, GermanyView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering NotesVolume 16Issue 5Dec. 1991 pp 1–15https://doi.org/10.1145/123041.123044Published:01 September 1991Publication History 18citation536DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations18Total Downloads536Last 12 Months14Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Conformational studies of quaternary ammonium ions. Part II. Molecular mechanical calculation of conformation energies of β-substituted ethyltrimethylammonium ions (1975)

The results are reported of calcultions of the molecular geometries of choline ion, acetylcholine ion, chlorocholine ion, thiocholine ion, and n-propyltrimethylammonium ion, in which electrostatic interaction energy, van der Waals interaction energy, and torsional energy have been taken into account. The results are in good agreement with those of X-ray analysis of crystal structures and n.m.r. analysis in heavy water solutions.
Language contexts modulate instant empathic responses to others’ pain (2020)

Empathy for others' pain plays a critical role in human social interactions, but the influence of language contexts remains unclear. We examined the foreign-language effect on the behavioral and the underlying neural processes of empathy for others' pain. Chinese-English bilinguals performed a pain empathy task separately in Chinese (native language) and English (foreign language) contexts while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. Results showed that bilingual participants reported greater ratings of perceived pain intensity in response to the observation of others' pain in the English as compared to the Chinese context. When comparing the brain responses to painful stimuli with those to non-painful stimuli, a significant empathic response in the early ERP component (N1) was found only in the English, but not in the Chinese context. Empathic response in the P3 component was larger when bilingual participants performed the task in English as compared to Chinese. However, empathic response in the late positive potential (LPP) was comparable between these two language contexts. Furthermore, spontaneous fronto-central α-oscillation power recorded prior to the onset of empathic stimuli was significantly lower in the foreign language as compared to the native-language context. These findings demonstrated a foreign-language effect on both the automatic affective sharing and the top-down cognitive evaluation processes of empathy for others' pain. This effect is most likely to be the result of altered brain states, involving increased vigilance and arousal level when bilingual individuals function in a foreign-language context.
Whole Exome Sequencing of Growing and Non-Growing Cutaneous Neurofibromas from a Single Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (2017)

The growth behaviors of cutaneous neurofibromas in patients with Neurofibromatosis type 1 are highly variable. The role of the germline NF1 mutation, somatic NF1 mutation and mutations at modifying loci, are poorly understood. We performed whole exome sequencing of three growing and three non-growing neurofibromas from a single individual to assess the role of acquired somatic mutations in neurofibroma growth behavior. 1-11 mutations were identified in each sample, including two deleterious NF1 mutations. No trends were present between the types of somatic mutations identified and growth behavior. Mutations in the HIPPO signaling pathway appeared to be overrepresented.
Human-Robot Interaction: Kinematic and Kinetic Data Analysis Framework (2020)

This paper summarizes our efforts on organizing a data structure for the analysis of human generated kinematic and kinetic data. We introduce a framework to perform data analysis in a straightforward manner, from the raw data to the refined results of a particular study. We applied this framework for data collected with the MIT MANUS gym. The proposed data structure carries a summary of the raw data, in terms of mean-aggregated robotic assay, also preserving the metrics of each movement separately for further study of movements at different granularity levels. Our framework allows us to export the structure of preprocessed data in a portable format, so that data can be accessed or edited with other statistical packages. Because the framework structure is modular and scalable, requiring no prior installation or setup, it simplifies the expansion to novel metrics and novel robotic devices. Hence, it is a convenient tool to be used in studies involving the analysis of human kinematic and kinetic data collected by any robotic device.
Analysis on the miniaturization of reactive impedance surfaces with magneto-dielectrics (2009)

Miniaturization of the reactive impedance surfaces with the magneto-dielectric substrates is studied in this paper with their comparison to the high permittivity substrates. It has been found that magneto-dielectrics can provide wider reflection phase bandwidth while providing the same miniaturization with the high permittivity substrates. The application of these miniaturized surfaces to the low-profile microstrip patch antenna designs has also been included in this paper. It has been shown that the reactive impedance surfaces miniaturized with the magneto-dielectric materials provide better improvement in the bandwidth of the antenna compared to the reactive impedance surfaces miniaturized with the high permittivity substrates. It has also been found that the gain and the front-to-back ratio of the antennas on both type of substrates can be improved with the inclusion of RIS. Moreover, it has been observed that RIS performance becomes similar to that of a PEC ground plane as the size of the RIS decreases.