gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toxicity of selected tremorgenic mycotoxins and related compounds to Spodoptera frugiperda and Heliothis zea. (1988)

A series of tremorgenic mycotoxins and related compounds were tested for oral toxicity to the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and corn earworm (Heliothis zea) by incorporation of materials into artificial diets and examining mortality and weights after 7 days. Significant mortality to both insect species was caused with dihydroxyaflavinine and roseotoxin B, while significant mortality to H. zea was also caused by penitrem A at 25 ppm. After 7 days, weighs of larvae treated with 25 ppm penitrem A, roseotoxin B, and verruculogen were less than 50% of controls for both insect species. Weights of H. zea larvae treated with 25 ppb of penitrem A were less than 50% those of control larvae. Relative toxicities of the tremorgens and related compounds to insects compared to vertebrates are discussed.
Integer-Forcing Linear Receivers (2014)

Linear receivers are often used to reduce the implementation complexity of multiple-antenna systems. In a traditional linear receiver architecture, the receive antennas are used to separate out the codewords sent by each transmit antenna, which can then be decoded individually. Although easy to implement, this approach can be highly suboptimal when the channel matrix is near singular. This paper develops a new linear receiver architecture that uses the receive antennas to create an effective channel matrix with integer-valued entries. Rather than attempting to recover transmitted codewords directly, the decoder recovers integer combinations of the codewords according to the entries of the effective channel matrix. The codewords are all generated using the same linear code, which guarantees that these integer combinations are themselves codewords. Provided that the effective channel is full rank, these integer combinations can then be digitally solved for the original codewords. This paper focuses on the special case where there is no coding across transmit antennas and no channel state information at the transmitter(s), which corresponds either to a multiuser uplink scenario or to single-user V-BLAST encoding. In this setting, the proposed integer-forcing linear receiver significantly outperforms conventional linear architectures such as the zero forcing and linear minimum mean-squared error receiver. In the high signal-to-noise ratio regime, the proposed receiver attains the optimal diversity-multiplexing tradeoff for the standard multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel with no coding across transmit antennas. It is further shown that in an extended MIMO model with interference, the integer-forcing linear receiver achieves the optimal generalized degrees of freedom.
Bio-COBRA: Absolute Quantification of DNA Methylation in Electrofluidics Chips (2008)

DNA methylation is the best-studied epigenetic modification, and in mammals it describes the conversion of cytosine to 5-methylcytosine in the context of CpG dinucleotides. In recent years, it has become evident that epigenetic mechanisms are severely disrupted in human neoplasia, and evidence suggests that alterations of DNA methylation patterns may be an integral mechanism in the etiology of other diseases such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The main effect of altered DNA methylation is the disruption of normal patterns of gene expression through genomic instability and hypermethylation of CpG islands, which together could lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation. DNA methylation can be reversed through pharmacological intervention via the systemic administration of DNA methylation inhibitors. Thus, the ability to accurately quantify DNA methylation levels in genomic sequences is a prerequisite to assess not only treatment efficacy, but also the effect of the DNA methylation inhibitors on bystander tissues. Several methods are currently available for the analysis of DNA methylation. Nonetheless, accurate and reproducible quantification of DNA methylation remains challenging. Here, we describe Bio-COBRA, a modified protocol for combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA) that incorporates an electrophoresis step in microfluidics chips. Microfluidics technology involves the handling of small amounts of liquid in miniaturized systems. Bio-COBRA provides a platform for the rapid and quantitative assessment of DNA methylation patterns in large sample sets. Its sensitivity and reproducibility also make it an excellent tool for the analysis of DNA methylation in clinical samples.
Deoxypyrimidine monophosphate bypass therapy for thymidine kinase 2 deficiency (2014)

Abstract Autosomal recessive mutations in the thymidine kinase 2 gene ( TK2 ) cause mitochondrial DNA depletion, multiple deletions, or both due to loss of TK 2 enzyme activity and ensuing unbalanced deoxynucleotide triphosphate ( dNTP ) pools. To bypass Tk2 deficiency, we administered deoxycytidine and deoxythymidine monophosphates ( dCMP + dTMP ) to the Tk2 H126N ( Tk2 −/− ) knock‐in mouse model from postnatal day 4, when mutant mice are phenotypically normal, but biochemically affected. Assessment of 13‐day‐old Tk2 −/− mice treated with dCMP + dTMP 200 mg/kg/day each ( Tk2 −/− 200dCMP/ dTMP ) demonstrated that in mutant animals, the compounds raise dTTP concentrations, increase levels of mtDNA, ameliorate defects of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, and significantly prolong their lifespan (34 days with treatment versus 13 days untreated). A second trial of dCMP + dTMP each at 400 mg/kg/day showed even greater phenotypic and biochemical improvements. In conclusion, dCMP / dTMP supplementation is the first effective pharmacologic treatment for Tk2 deficiency.
Основи наукових досліджень в агрономії (2015)

Ефективність і якість наукової роботи, результативність досліджень в агрономії визначається методичним рівнем планування і постановки польових і лабораторних експериментів та методами проведення статистичної обробки експериментальних даних.
A molecular imaging analysis of Cx43 association with Cdo during skeletal myoblast differentiation (2012)

Cell-to-cell contacts are crucial for cell differentiation. The promyogenic cell surface protein, Cdo, functions as a component of multiprotein clusters to mediate cell adhesion signaling. Connexin 43, the main connexin forming gap junctions, also plays a key role in myogenesis. At least part of its effects is independent of the intercellular channel function, but the mechanisms underlying are unknown. Here, using multiple optical approaches, we provided the first evidence that Cx43 physically interacts with Cdo to form dynamic complexes during myoblast differentiation, offering clues for considering this interaction a structural basis of the channel-independent function of Cx43.
Age and skin structure and function, a quantitative approach (I): blood flow, pH, thickness, and ultrasound echogenicity (2005)

Much remains to be done if we are to reach consensus on the effects of age on skin structure and function. Future studies would be benefited by increased standardization of skin sites tested, methodology, and increased sample size.
Template-Synthesis of Dimension-Diminished Lead Halide Clusters at the Interlayer of Multibilayer Cast Films (1993)

Abstract Anionic lead halide clusters of PbBr42− were synthesized at the interlayer space of cationic multibilayer cast films either by the co-casting method or by the ion-exchange method. Marked blue shifts in exciton absorption spectra indicated the formation of dimension-diminished clusters and their two dimensional assembly.
Human‐Xenopus chimeras of Gsα reveal a new region important for its activation of adenylyl cyclase (1994)

G proteins are heterotrimeric GTPases that play a key role in signal transduction. The alpha subunit of Gs bound to GTP is capable of activating adenylyl cyclase. The amino acid sequences derived from two X. laevis cDNA clones that apparently code for Gs alpha subunits are 92% identical to those found in the short form of human Gs alpha. Despite this high homology, the X. laevis Gs alpha clones expressed in vitro, yielded a protein that are not able to activate the adenylyl cyclase present in S49 cyc- membranes in contrast with human Gs alpha similarly expressed. This finding suggested that the few amino acid substitutions found in the amphibian subunit are important in defining the functionality of the human Gs alpha. The construction of chimeras composed of different fractions of the cDNAs of the two species was adopted as an approach in determining the regions of the molecule important in its functionality in this assay. Four pairs of chimeras were constructed using reciprocal combinations of the cDNAs coding for human and Xenopus Gs alpha. These eight constructs were expressed in vitro and equivalent amounts of the resulting proteins were assayed in the activation of adenylyl cyclase with GTP gamma and isoproterenol. The results obtained here clearly indicate that the G alpha sequence that extends from amino acid 70 to 140, is important for the functionality of human Gs alpha in activating adenylyl cyclase.
[Flexible bronchoscopy in children. Experience at French centers of pediatric pneumology]. (2004)

This is the first survey in paediatric pulmonology in France. It shows a wide variation in the practice of fibreoptic bronchoscopy in children.
Spline-Based Smoothing of Airfoil Curvatures (2008)

Constrained fitting for airfoil curvature smoothing (CFACS) is a splinebased method of interpolating airfoil surface coordinates (and, concomitantly, airfoil thicknesses) between specified discrete design points so as to obtain smoothing of surface-curvature profiles in addition to basic smoothing of surfaces. CFACS was developed in recognition of the fact that the performance of a transonic airfoil is directly related to both the curvature profile and the smoothness of the airfoil surface. Older methods of interpolation of airfoil surfaces involve various compromises between smoothing of surfaces and exact fitting of surfaces to specified discrete design points. While some of the older methods take curvature profiles into account, they nevertheless sometimes yield unfavorable results, including curvature oscillations near end points and substantial deviations from desired leading-edge shapes. In CFACS as in most of the older methods, one seeks a compromise between smoothing and exact fitting. Unlike in the older methods, the airfoil surface is modified as little as possible from its original specified form and, instead, is smoothed in such a way that the curvature profile becomes a smooth fit of the curvature profile of the original airfoil specification. CFACS involves a combination of rigorous mathematical modeling and knowledge-based heuristics. Rigorous mathematical formulation provides assurance of removal of undesirable curvature oscillations with minimum modification of the airfoil geometry. Knowledge-based heuristics bridge the gap between theory and designers best practices. In CFACS, one of the measures of the deviation of an airfoil surface from smoothness is the sum of squares of the jumps in the third derivatives of a cubicspline interpolation of the airfoil data. This measure is incorporated into a formulation for minimizing an overall deviation- from-smoothness measure of the airfoil data within a specified fitting error tolerance. CFACS has been extensively tested on a number of supercritical airfoil data sets generated by inverse design and optimization computer programs. All of the smoothing results show that CFACS is able to generate unbiased smooth fits of curvature profiles, trading small modifications of geometry for increasing curvature smoothness by eliminating curvature oscillations and bumps (see figure).
RIGIDITY AND STRENGTH ON THE WALLS OF ALUMINUM-ALLOY EXTRUDED INLAID PANELS (2009)

Aluminum extruded inlaid panels were researched as structural wall elements. Basic unit panels consists of six extruded box section parts that inlaid in together. Both side of the basic panel can be united with another unit panels in direction of width. Structural rigidity and strength on walls using this system were investigated experimentally. As a result, the following conclusions were obtained. Strength and rigidity of the unit panel were able to evaluate as sum of an individual extruded parts performance, but rigidity was estimated considerably low. Effect of connecting unit panels in the direction of width for the rigidity was accepted, but it was not recognized for the strength. When adhesive bonding was used together, the rigidity of panels become near the panels that are integral, but static strength of the panels depends only on bonding strength.
Sickle cells produce functional immune modulators and cytotoxics (2017)

Sickle erythrocytes' (SSRBCs) unique physical adaptation to hypoxic conditions renders them able to home to hypoxic tumor niches in vivo, shut down tumor blood flow and induce tumoricidal responses. SSRBCs are also useful vehicles for transport of encapsulated drugs and oncolytic virus into hypoxic tumors with enhanced anti-tumor effects. In search of additional modes for arming sickle cells with cytotoxics, we turned to a lentiviral β-globin vector with optimized Locus Control Region/β-globin coding region/promoter/enhancers. We partially replaced the β-globin coding region of this vector with genes encoding T cell cytolytics, perforin and granzyme or immune modulating superantigens SEG and SEI. These modified vectors efficiently transduced Sca<sup>+</sup> ckit<sup>-</sup> Lin<sup>-</sup> hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from humanized sickle cell knockin mice. Irradiated mice reconstituted with these HSCs displayed robust expression of transgenic RNAs and proteins in host sickle cells that was sustained for more than 10 months. SSRBCs from reconstituted mice harboring SEG/SEI transgenes induced robust proliferation and a prototypical superantigen-induced cytokine reaction when exposed to human CD4+/CD8+ cells. The β-globin lentiviral vector therefore produces a high level of functional, erythroid-specific immune modulators and cytotoxics that circulate without toxicity. Coupled with their unique ability to target and occlude hypoxic tumor vessels these armed SSRBCs constitute a potentially useful tool for treatment of solid tumors.
Hydrogen from Biomass via Fast Pyrolysis/Catalytic Steam Reforming Process (1999)

Biomass as a product of photosynthesis is a renewable resource that can be used for sustainable production of hydrogen. However, direct production of hydrogen from biomass by gasification/water-gas shift technology is unfavorable economically, except for very low cost feedstocks and very large plants. Our approach proposes an alternative strategy with potentially better economics resulting from the combined production of hydrogen with valuable coproducts. The concept is based on a two-stage process: fast pyrolysis of biomass to generate biooil and catalytic steam reforming of the oil or its fractions to produce hydrogen. Fast pyrolysis, a technology near commercial scale, could be carried out in a regional network of plants that would supply bio-oil to a central reforming facility. The preferred option is to separate bio-oil into a lignin-derived fraction, which could be used for producing phenolic resins or fuel additives and a carbohydrate-derived material that would be steam reformed to produce hydrogen. The key problem for this concept is to demonstrate that bio-oil can be efficiently steam reformed. The co-product strategy can be also applied to residual fractions derived from pulping operations and from ethanol production. Hydrogen can be generated from these fractions that are currently available in most pulp mills and that will become available in future ethanol plants using lignocellulosics as feedstocks.
Association of Helicobacter Pylori Infection With Gastric Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis (1999)

H. pylori infection is associated with a 2-fold increased risk of developing gastric adenocarcinoma.
Are Community Acquired Respiratory Viral Infections an Underestimated Burden in Hematology Patients? (2019)

Despite a plethora of studies demonstrating significant morbidity and mortality due to community-acquired respiratory viral (CRV) infections in intensively treated hematology patients, and despite the availability of evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and management of respiratory viral infections in this setting, there is no uniform inclusion of respiratory viral infection management in the clinical hematology routine. Nevertheless, timely diagnosis and systematic management of CRV infections in intensively treated hematology patients has a demonstrated potential to significantly improve outcome. We have briefly summarized the recently published data on CRV infection epidemiology, as well as guidelines on the diagnosis and management of CRV infections in patients intensively treated for hematological malignancies. We have also assessed available treatment options, as well as mentioned novel agents currently in development.
Murine transgenic iPS cell line for monitoring and selection of cardiomyocytes (2016)

We report here a transgenic murine induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line expressing puromycin N-acetyltransferase (PAC) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of α-myosin heavy chain promoter. This transgenic cell line reproducibly differentiates into EGFP-expressing cardiomyocytes (CMs) which can be generated at high purity with puromycin treatment and exhibit molecular and functional properties of immature heart muscle cells. This genetically modified iPSC line can be used for assessment of the utility of CMs for myocardial repair, pharmacological and toxicological applications and development of improved cardiac differentiation protocols.
Conventional versus reverse sequence of neoadjuvant epirubicin/cyclophosphamide and docetaxel: sequencing results from ABCSG-34 (2021)

Upfront docetaxel did not improve chemotherapy activity or tolerability; these results suggest that upfront neoadjuvant treatment with anthracyclines remains a valid option.
Optical attenuation by vertically bending a rib waveguide through electrostatic zipping actuation (2005)

In this paper we present a variable optical attenuator (VOA) that is based on microbending of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) rib waveguide. Optical attenuation is achieved by etching away the underlying SiO<sub>2</sub> layer in a section of the waveguide and using electrostatic deflection to introduce vertical bending. When a single-mode rib waveguide is bent, the light traveling through it will undergo mode conversion. The amount of energy transferred to lossy modes depends on the curvature of the bending section. This mechanism is studied with the help of beam propagation method (BPM) simulations. In order to achieve a substantial amount of attenuation by bending, voltages in excess of the pull-in threshold are used, bringing a portion of the waveguide into contact with the underlying silicon substrate. An electrostatic zipping action determines the bending radii and the length of the contact region. The equation for the relationship between the bending radius of the waveguide and the controlling voltage is established through the energy method, and is numerically solved. FEM modeling is also performed to validate the result from the energy model. The device is fabricated by conventional silicon processing steps, plus steps to solve the stiction problem. The test setup for the device consists of a home-made interference microscope to monitor the vertical movement of the waveguide under test and align the input fiber to the waveguide, and other instruments to monitor the output from the device and perform the attenuation measurement. The experimental data agree well with both the BPM simulations and the calculations for the zipping actuation. The tested devices show that we can achieve 14dB attenuation over a 1mm span of a bent waveguide.
Meclizine-induced enhanced glycolysis is neuroprotective in Parkinson disease cell models (2016)

Meclizine is a well-tolerated drug routinely used as an anti-histamine agent in the management of disequilibrium. Recently, meclizine has been assessed for its neuroprotective properties in ischemic stroke and Huntington disease models. We found that meclizine protected against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced apoptosis and cell death in both SH-SY5Y cells and rat primary cortical cultures. Meclizine increases the level of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), which activates phosphofructokinase, a rate-determining enzyme of glycolysis. This protection is therefore mediated by meclizine's ability to enhance glycolysis and increase mitochondrial hyperpolarization. Meclizine represents an interesting candidate for further investigation to re-purpose for its potential to be neuroprotective in Parkinson disease.
Transient Response Characteristics of a Same-Phase Drive-Type Ultrasonic Motor (1994)

This paper deals with a same-phase drive-type ultrasonic motor, using two degenerate bending vibration modes of a disk. Characteristics of the motor are influenced considerably by the mechanisms for supporting a stator and pressing a rotor. By investigating these points experimentally, a motor with high efficiency characteristics was realized. Moreover, the driving method for improving the transient response of the motor is described.
An adaptive approach to query mediation across heterogeneous information sources (2002)

The authors propose a query mediation framework to support customizable information gathering across heterogeneous and autonomous information sources. Instead of an integrated (and static) global schema, they propose an adaptive approach to interoperability which allows information consumers to represent their queries based on the customized personal view rather than at system-defined integrated view. The query mediation framework consists of five steps: query routing, query decomposition, parallel access plan generation, subquery translation and execution, and query result assembly. Concrete examples illustrate the challenges arising from heterogeneity in these five steps and how the framework scales up as the number of information sources grow and evolve.