gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes in pain and insulin-like growth factor 1 in fibromyalgia during exercise: the involvement of cerebrospinal inflammatory factors and neuropeptides (2012)

The baseline level of serum free IGF-1 did not change during high or low intensity of aerobic exercise. Changes in IGF-1 correlated positively with a variation in CSF SP, NPY, and pain threshold. These data indicate a beneficial role of IGF-1 during exercise in FM.
Mining Version Histories for Detecting Code Smells (2014)

Code smells are symptoms of poor design and implementation choices that may hinder code comprehension, and possibly increase changeand fault-proneness. While most of the detection techniques just rely on structural information, many code smells are intrinsically characterized by how code elements change overtime. In this paper, we propose Historical Information for Smell deTection (HIST), an approach exploiting change history information to detect instances of five different code smells, namely Divergent Change, Shotgun Surgery, Parallel Inheritance, Blob, and Feature Envy. We evaluate HIST in two empirical studies. The first, conducted on 20 open source projects, aimed at assessing the accuracy of HIST in detecting instances of the code smells mentioned above. The results indicate that the precision of HIST ranges between 72 and 86 percent, and its recall ranges between 58 and 100 percent. Also, results of the first study indicate that HIST is able to identify code smells that cannot be identified by competitive approaches solely based on code analysis of a single system's snapshot. Then, we conducted a second study aimed at investigating to what extent the code smells detected by HIST (and by competitive code analysis techniques) reflect developers' perception of poor design and implementation choices. We involved 12 developers of four open source projects that recognized more than 75 percent of the code smell instances identified by HIST as actual design/implementation problems.
Motion planning of multi-robot system for airplane stripping (2019)

This PHD is a part of a French project named AEROSTRIP, (a partnership between Pascal Institute,Sigma, SAPPI, and Air-France industries), it is funded by the French Government through the FUIProgram (20th call). The AEROSTRIP project aims at developing the first automated system thatecologically cleans the airplanes surfaces using a process of soft projection of ecological media onthe surface (corn). My PHD aims at optimizing the trajectory of the whole robotic systems in orderto optimally strip the airplane. Since a large surface can not be totally covered by a single robot base placement, repositioning of the robots is necessary to ensure a complete stripping of the surface. The goal in this work is to find the optimal number of robots with their optimal positions required to totally strip the air-plane. Once found, we search for the trajectories of the robots of the multi-robot system between those poses. Hence, we define a general framework to solve this problem having four main steps: the pre-processing step, the optimization algorithm step, the generation of the end-effector trajectories step and the robot scheduling, assignment and control step.In my thesis, I present two contributions in two different steps of the general framework: the pre-processing step, the optimization algorithm step. The computation of the robot workspace is required in the pre-processing step: we proposed Interval Analysis to find this workspace since it guarantees finding solutions in a reasonable computation time. Though, our first contribution is a new inclusion function that reduces the pessimism, the overestimation of the solution, which is the main disadvantage of Interval Analysis. The proposed inclusion function is assessed on some Constraints Satisfaction Problems and Constraints Optimization problems. Furthermore, we propose an hybrid optimization algorithm in order to find the optimal number of robots with their optimal poses: it is our second contribution in the optimization algorithm step. To assess our hybrid optimization algorithm, we test the algorithm on regular surfaces, such as a cylinder and a hemisphere, and on a complex surface: a car.
A practical synthesis of an orally potent renin inhibitor, isopropyl (2R,3S)-4-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-3-{N-[(2R)-2-morpholinocarbonylmethyl-3-(1-naphthyl)propionyl]-L-histidyl}aminobutyrate (1990)

The practical synthesis of an orally potent human renin inhibitor, isopropyl (2R,3S)-4-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-3-{N-[(2R)-2-morpholinocarbonylmethyl-3-(1-naphthyl)propionyl]-L-histidyl}-aminobutyrate, is presented. Optically pure cyclohexylnorstatine isopropyl ester (P1–P1′ moiety) was diastereoselectively and simply prepared from L-phenylalanine methyl ester. In a one-pot reaction, N-[(2R)-2-morpholinocarbonylmethyl-3-(1-naphthyl)propionyl]-L-histidine methyl ester (P4–P2moiety) was conveniently hydrolysed, protected with a Boc group attached to the side-chain imidazole function, and coupled with the cyclohexylnorstatine ester to give the optically pure target renin inhibitor.
Glycinergic interneurons are functionally integrated into the inspiratory network of mouse medullary slices (2009)

Neuronal activity in the respiratory network is functionally dependent on inhibitory synaptic transmission. Using two-photon excitation microscopy, we analyzed the integration of glycinergic neurons in the isolated inspiratory pre-Bötzinger complex-driven network of the rhythmic slice preparation. Inspiratory (96%) and 'tonic' expiratory neurons (4%) were identified via an increase or decrease, respectively, of the cytosolic free calcium concentration during the inspiratory-related respiratory burst. Furthermore, in BAC-transgenic mice expressing EGFP under the control of the GlyT2-promoter, 50% of calcium-imaged inspiratory neurons were glycinergic. Inspiratory bursting of glycinergic neurons in the slice was confirmed by whole-cell recording. We also found glycinergic neurons that receive phasic inhibition from other glycinergic neurons. Our calcium imaging data show that glycinergic neurons comprise a large population of inspiratory neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex-driven network of the rhythmic slice preparation.
Reaction mechanism for the highly efficient catalytic decomposition of peroxynitrite by the amphipolar iron(iii) corrole1-Fe (2015)

The amphipolar iron(III) corrole 1-Fe is one of the most efficient catalysts for the decomposition of peroxynitrite, the toxin involved in numerous diseases. This research focused on the mechanism of that reaction at physiological pH, where peroxynitrite is in equilibrium with its much more reactive conjugated acid, by focusing on the elementary steps involved in the catalytic cycle. Kinetic investigations uncovered the formation of a reaction intermediate in a process that is complete within a few milliseconds (k1 ∼ 3 × 10(7) M(-1) s(-1) at 5 °C, about 7 orders of magnitude larger than the first order rate constant for the non-catalyzed process). Multiple evidence points towards iron-catalyzed homolytic O-O bond cleavage to form nitrogen dioxide and hydroxo- or oxo-iron(iv) corrole. The iron(iv) intermediate was found to decay via multiple pathways that proceed at similar rates (k2 about 10(6) M(-1) s(-1)): reaction with nitrogen dioxide to form nitrate, nitration of the corrole macrocyclic, and dimerization to binuclear iron(iv) corrole. Catalysis in the presence of substrates affects the decay of the iron intermediate by either oxidative nitration (phenolic substrates) or reduction (ascorbate). A large enough excess of ascorbate accelerates the catalytic decomposition of PN by 1-Fe by orders of magnitude, prevents other decay routes of the iron intermediate, and eliminates nitration products as well. This suggests that the beneficial effect of the iron corrole under the reducing conditions present in most biological media might be even larger than in the purely chemical system. The acquired mechanistic insight is of prime importance for the design of optimally acting catalysts for the fast and safe decomposition of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.
ChemInform Abstract: Allylic Alkylation of Substituted and Non‐Substituted 5‐Nitro‐1,3‐ dioxane Salts by Palladium Catalysis. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reversible Photomodulation of the Swelling of Poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) Thermoresponsive Polymer Brushes (2012)

Photothermoresponsive polymer brushes were synthesized by coupling azobenzene derivatives to oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA) based copolymer brushes grown from silicon substrates. Varying the length and chemical ending of the lateral chains (using different OEGMA comonomers) afforded a collection of thermoresponsive copolymer brushes with predetermined fraction of hydroxyl side groups. These pendent hydroxyl functions were subsequently used to anchor the photochromic modules onto the brushes via classical activation/coupling chemistry, albeit in modest to moderate yields depending on the brush composition, thickness and grafting density. The extent of swelling of the functionalized brushes in water could be reversibly modulated by photoisomerization of the azobenzene motifs, even though the amplitude of the observed variation remained small. Decreasing the grafting density of the brush afforded improved photoresponse possibly through decreased steric crowding between the chains, facilitating azobenzene coupling and isomerization in the confined system.
Szegő kernel asymptotics and concentration of Husimi Distributions of eigenfunctions (2022)

We work on the boundary $\partial M_τ$ of a Grauert tube of a closed, real analytic Riemannian manifold $M$. The Toeplitz operator $Π_τD_{\sqrtρ} Π_τ$ associated to the Reeb vector field is a positive, self-adjoint, elliptic operator on $H^2(\partial M_τ)$. We compute $λ\to \infty$ asymptotics under parabolic rescaling in a neighborhood of the geodesic (Reeb) flow $G^{t}_τ = \exp tΞ_{\sqrtρ}$ for the spectral projection kernel $Π_{χ, λ}$ associated to $Π_τD_{\sqrtρ} Π_τ$. We also compute scaling asymptotics for tempered sums of Husimi distributions (analytic continuations) on $\partial M_τ$ of Laplace eigenfunctions on $M$. Both asymptotic formulae can be expressed in terms of the metaplectic representation of the linearization of the geodesic flow $G^{t}_τ$ on Bargmann--Fock space. As a corollary, we obtain sharp $L^p \to L^{q}$ norm estimates for $Π_{χ, λ}$ and sharp $L^p$ estimates for Husimi distributions.
Asymmetric Epoxidation of cis-Alkenes Mediated by Iminium Salts:  Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Levcromakalim (2005)

[reaction: see text] A range of cis-substituted olefins has been epoxidized with a new dihydroisoquinolinium salt catalyst, using tetraphenylphosphonium monoperoxysulfate as the stoichiometric oxidant, giving ee's of up to 97%. The reaction has been used as the key step in an enantioselective synthesis of the antihypertensive agent levcromakalim.
Prolyl Endopeptidase Is Involved in Cellular Signalling in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells (2011)

Prolyl endopeptidase (PREP), probably acting through the inositol cycle, has been implicated in memory and learning. However, the physiological role of PREP is unknown. It has been shown that PREP expression, regulated in cerebellar granule cells, has probably a role in cell proliferation and differentiation. Here, we report the levels and subcellular distribution of PREP in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells in proliferating conditions and under differentiation induced by retinoic acid (RA). We analysed the levels of cell signalling intermediates, growth behavior and gene expression, and differentiation morphology changes, upon PREP inhibition. After induction of differentiation, PREP activity was found decreased in the nucleus but increased to high levels in the cytoplasm, due in part to increased PREP transcription. The levels of inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate revealed no correlation with PREP activity, but phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 were decreased by PREP inhibition during early stages of differentiation. Morphological evaluation indicated that PREP inhibition retarded the onset of differentiation. PREP activity regulated gene expression of protein synthesis machinery, intracellular transport and kinase complexes. We conclude that PREP is a regulatory target and a regulatory element in cell signalling. This is the first report of a direct influence of a cell signalling molecule, RA, on PREP expression.
Stress modification of WSi2.2 films by concurrent low energy ion bombardment during alloy evaporation (1985)

The effect of ion bombardment on alloy film stress was studied by coevaporating W and Si in the presence of 100 and 400 eV Ar+ ion bombardment at room temperature, 350 and 500 °C. In the absence of ion bombardment, internal stress increases and becomes more tensile as deposition temperature increases. At room temperature, increasing ion bombardment causes the stress to go from tensile to compressive. At 350 °C tensile stress increases as a function of ion flux and decreases slightly at higher flux value. At 500 °C, the effect on stress due to ion bombardment is less pronounced. The correlation between the effect of ion bombardment on stress, deposition temperature, and the structure of the material is discussed using the concept of enhanced surface diffusion and local atomic rearrangement as a mechanism responsible for ion beam stress modification. By using this mechanism, we explain the diminished effect of ion bombardment on stress in the WSi2 films that contain compound phases compared to the amorphous WSi2 in which ion bombardment is more effective. We also attribute this diminished effect of ion bombardment to the more dominant effect of stress due to phase transformation occurring during deposition. The effect of improving the crystalline order and increasing the grain size due to ion bombardment has also been observed. The modification of stress during deposition has been found to have no consequence on the internal stress obtained after 1000 °C postdeposition annealing.
Optimal Duration for Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Left Main Coronary Artery Stenting (2020)

For patients who can continue DAPT without major bleeding events, prolonged DAPT (>12 months) after LMCA stenting demonstrated better long-term efficacy outcomes than DAPT ≤12 months with comparable safety.
Playing with Data: an Experience in Creative Infovis (2013)

In this paper we introduce and discuss Minerva, a collaborative effort between communication designers and humanities scholars in understanding how information visualizations can support philosophical historiography studies. Proceeding through a concrete case study, we present an investigative process that has led to a first iteration prototype of a digital tool for the exploration and the interpretation of large text corpora combining term frequency visualizations with text annotations. What distinguishes this project from more traditional approaches to text analysis and visualization in the digital humanities is its foundation on an open-ended and collaborative experimentation rather than on a requirements- driven development. As part of a broader research project, this work aims also at exploring opportunities and challenges of bringing together scholars, designers, and computer scientists in the definition of novel research practices in the humanities, involving data visualizations and rich graphical interfaces.
Micrograting fabricated by deep x-ray lithography for optical communications (2007)

A concave micrograting designed for optical communication applications was fabricated by deep x-ray lithography (DXL). The micrograting has a height of 125 µm, a grating pitch of 3 µm, a total of 2584 lines, and a sidewall root-mean-square surface roughness of 5 nm. The designed operational wavelength range is from 1475 to 1625 nm. This micrograting is embedded inside a mirror-planar waveguide to form a spectrometer chip. The Rowland-circle grating mounting scheme is used for the spectral detection. The calculated diffraction efficiency of the third-order diffraction reaches 65% when Au is coated on the grating surface and the blaze angle is suitably chosen. The measured spectral width is 1.1 nm, which is in very good agreement with the calculated result of 0.9 nm. This chip-based grating device can be used as an ultracompact spectrometer or an ultracompact wavelength-division multiplexer in optical communications. Based on this work, our DXL technique can be further developed into an x-ray LIGA method for the mass production of such chip-based spectrometers.
S13.1 The many facets of the vaginal microbiome in health and disease (2015)

<h3></h3> The vaginal microbiota forms the first line of defense against sexually transmitted infection (STIs). Population-based surveys of the bacteria inhabiting the vagina have shown that several kinds of vaginal microbiota exist, that differs in bacterial composition and abundance. Further, in some women, these communities are dynamic and can change over short period of time, while in other, they are highly stable and do not change. The impact of both composition and dynamic of the vaginal microbiota on the susceptibility to diseases is still poorly understood. The application of modern genomic technologies, ecological principles and <i>in vitro</i> modelling affords a better understanding of the role of vaginal microbiome in health and diseases. Metagenomic sequencing provides a comprehensive view of the genetic make up of the bacterial species comprising the vaginal microbiome, and highlights associations between different genomic species of the same genus, or strains of the same species and their contribution to the protective properties of the vaginal microbiome. For example, the genomic make up of certain vaginal bacteria correlates with their ability to maintain a stable and protective vaginal microbiome. Further, the use of <i>in vitro</i> three-dimensional models of cervical epithelial cell lines is a good surrogate to evaluate the contribution of microbial products to the function of the vaginal microbiome. Using a 3D model of cervical epithelial cells, we have shown that the production of different isomers of lactic acid by <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. is associated with protection against chlamydial infection in a pH dependent manner. Understanding the vaginal microbiome structure and functions is critical to devise novel and personalised strategies to maximise women’s health.
Speech on the 30 th Anniversary of Cooperat ion between CAFIU and FES (2012)

On the occasion of the 40 th anniversary of the diplomatic relationship between China and Germany, we gather together today to celebrate the 30th anniversary of cooperation between CAFIU and FES. On behalf of CAFIU, I would like to extend my warm welcome to the representatives coming afar from the headquarters and Asian offices of FES as well as the political leaders and scholars from Germany to attend the Eleventh Seminar on China-Germany Foreign
Tannins and related compounds. XC. 8-C-ascorbyl (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate and novel dimeric flavan-3-ols, oolonghomobisflavans A and B, from oolong tea.(3). (1989)

A chemical examination of the polypenolic constituents in commercial oolong tea has led to the isolation of a new-flavan-3-ol, two novel dimeric flavan-3-ols named oolonghomobisflavans A and B eight new proanthocyanidins, together with twenty-one known polyphenols including proanthocyanidins, hydrolyzable tannins and red pigments. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the flavan-3-ol has been characterized as 8-C-ascorbyl (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (22), while oolonghomobisflavans A (26) and B (27) have been determined to be dimeric flavan-3-ols in which two units are linked through a methylene bridge at the 8, 8'- and 8, 6'-positions, respectively. The structures of the new proanthocyanidins were elucidated mainly by tannase hydrolysis and thiolytic degradtion as epicatechin-(4β→8)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (29), epicatechin 3-O-gallate-(4β→8)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (30), catechin-(4α→8)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (31), prodelphinidin B-4 3'-O-gallate (32), epicatechin 3-O-gallate-(4β→6)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (33), epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate-(4β→6)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate (34), epiafzelechin 3-O-gallate-(4β→6)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (35) and prodelphinidin B-2 3'-O-gallate (36).
Surface chemistry models for GaAs epitaxial growth and hydride cracking using reacting flow simulations (2021)

Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) is a promising technology that can aid in the cost reduction of III-V materials and devices manufacturing, particularly high-efficiency solar cells for space and terrestrial applications. However, recent demonstrations of ultra fast growth rates ($\sim$ 500 $μ$m/h) via uncracked hydrides are not well described by present models for the growth. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the kinetics of the growth process and its coupling with transport phenomena, so as to enable fast and uniform epitaxial growth. In this work, we derive a kinetic model using experimental data and integrate it into a computational fluid dynamics simulation of an HVPE growth reactor. We also modify an existing hydride cracking model that we validate against numerical simulations and experimental data. We show that the developed growth model and the improved cracking model are able to reproduce experimental growth measurements of \ce{GaAs} in an existing HVPE system.
Electrochemical and scanning electron microscopic studies of the influence of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles on the electropolymerization of aniline (2008)

A hybrid material of polyaniline (PAn)/anatase TiO2 nanoparticle was prepared by the potential cycling method within dispersed anatase TiO2 nanoparticles in solution.
Tandem radical cyclization for the construction of 1-difluoroalkylated isoquinolines via Cu catalyzed and visible light-promoted pathways (2018)

A Cu/B<sub>2</sub>pin<sub>2</sub> system promoted cyclization for the synthesis of 1-difluoroalkylated isoquinolines with vinyl isocyanides and bromodifluoroacetic derivatives in moderate to good yields was reported. This method provided a mild and efficient pathway for the construction of diverse 1-difluoroalkylated isoquinolines via a proposed tandem radical cyclization process.
Advances in FEEL++ : A domain specific embedded language in C++ for partial differential equations (2012)

This paper presents an overview of a unified seamlessly parallel framework for finite element and spectral element methods in 1D, 2D and 3D in C++ called FEEL++. The article provides a digression through the design of the library as well as the main abstractions handled by it, namely, meshes, function spaces, operators, linear and bilinear forms and an embedded variational language. In every case, the closeness between the language developed in FEEL++ and the equivalent mathematical objects is highlighted. More advanced mathematical methods e.g. the mortar, Schwartz (non)overlapping, three fields and two ficticious domain-like methods (the Fat Boundary Method and the Penalty Method) are described here.
Equivalent Circuit Model of MWCNT Nanointerconnects (2008)

The transmission line model of a multi-wall carbon nanotube interconnect is formulated in the time domain, considering the statistical and the deterministic model of the conducting channel number in each shell. The equivalent per- unit-length circuit of the interconnect is derived for possible implementation in commercial circuit solvers. The performances of MWCNT interconnects having different configurations are expressed in terms of the maximum current density and time delay, and are compared with the ones of a scaled-copper interconnect.