gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coupling effects in symmetrical three-guide structures (1984)

A directional coupler consisting of three parallel waveguides is analyzed. The radiation is coupled between the two external guides, while the center-guide refraction index controls the coupling. By means of a coupled-mode analysis, a cross-and-bar diagram is drawn for the device, and regions are located in it for near-complete energy transfer between the guides. A rigorous mode analysis is presented for a three-guide layered structure, and the radiation-transfer process is numerically simulated for single-mode as well as for highly multimode guides. Although the analysis is carried out only for slab waveguides, the results are applicable for channel guides as well when the method of effective index approximation is utilized.
Injuries to the Aorta, Aortic Annulus, and Left Ventricle During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (2016)

The experience with transcatheter aortic valve replacement is increasing worldwide; however, the incidence of potentially catastrophic cardiac or aortic complications has not decreased. In most cases, significant injuries to the aorta, aortic valve annulus, and left ventricle require open surgical repair. However, the transcatheter aortic valve replacement patient presents a unique challenge as many patients are at high or prohibitive surgical risk and, therefore, an open surgical procedure may not be feasible or appropriate. Consequently, prevention of these potentially catastrophic injuries is vital, and practitioners need to understand when open surgical repair is required and when alternative management strategies can be used. The goal of this article is to provide an overview of current management and prevention strategies for major complications involving the aorta, aortic valve annulus, and left ventricle.
Contribution à l’étude des non-linéarités au sein d’une association amplificateur-transducteur : atténuation des distorsions par un mode de contrôle en courant (2013)

Undertaken with the LAUM, this work aims at first tocharacterize non linear distortions relative to electrodynamicloudspeakers with a view to miniaturizing units designed in thelaboratory. Furthermore, a special point about the advantages and drawbacks resulting from voltage or current driving has been investigated. After a brief review about the prominent definitions used in thefield of electro-acoustics, the main properties and specificitiesof transducers are discussed while considering at first linear devices. Considering a generic transducer of the state of theart, the main parameters are given in terms of transfer functions. Then, a current-driving policy is discussed whiletaking account of the actual power operational amplifier properties. Furthermore, the rejection of the mechanical resonance is investigated without any kind of alteration of theideal infinity of the Control Drive Index value. Specific filtering structures are calculated regarding a given transducer and considered either in feedforward or feedback arrangements within the circuitry. After such a first order analysis non linear behaviours areconsidered. At first a straightforward typology of non linearsystems is presented so as to highlight the most importantdefinitions. Then, a special analytical approach is given,allowing us to analyse the harmonic generation from a currentdriven loudspeaker with a mono frequency regime. Such anapproach is extended and generalized by way of original numerical models designed with Simulink®, PSpice® and SLPSsoftware, considering bi tonal stimuli signals. Then, such anapproach is considered with transducers and amplifiers of thestate of the art, allowing us to validate the whole relevantrationale. Thus, the micro speakers actually developed in thelaboratory should be investigated and optimized in the shortrun, considering their relevant electronic conditioning policy.
Copolymerization and polymer blending of trimethylene carbonate and adipic anhydride for tailored drug delivery (1999)

The copolymerization in bulk and solution of trimethylene carbonate (TMC) with adipic anhydride (AA) as well as the blending of homopolymers are described. We show experimentally that the components are not copolymerizable but partially miscible, forming a microscopic dispersion without any visible signs of phase separation. Poly(adipic anhydride) (PAA) functions as a plasticizer, permitting an increase in the erosion rate by increasing the porosity and hydration. Drug delivery from the blends was evaluated. A statistical factorial model was designed to explore the influence of three important blend parameters and their interactions, making it possible to predict the erosion and drug-release behavior of the blend matrices. The PAA:poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) ratio and molecular weight of the polycarbonate component significantly influence the drug-release performance, mass loss, and degree of plasticization. The interaction among these factors also influences the blend properties. Plasticization of PTMC enhances the drug release to an extent that is dependent on the amount of PAA used. We demonstrate that blending offers a convenient alternative to copolymerization for the preparation of polymer matrices with predictable drug delivery. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 72: 227–239, 1999
Existence and synthesis of bipolar incoherent pointspread functions (1986)

In 1978 Lohmann and Rhodes [1] presented a general two-channel hybrid system for bipolar incoherent spatial filtering. The work by Lohmann and Rhodes was significant in that it presented a unified and compact analysis of such filtering. However, of equal importance is a consideration of synthesis, or design. With respect to bipolar synthesis, two issues must be addressed; one, the feasibility of the synthesis and two, the specification of the system once its feasibility has been established. It is the question of feasibility or, in mathematical terms, existence, that is addressed in this work; the issue of system specification is presented in Ref. [2].
A CNN-Based Post-Processor for Perceptually-Optimized Immersive Media Compression (2022)

In recent years, resolution adaptation based on deep neural networks has enabled significant performance gains for conventional (2D) video codecs. This paper investigates the effectiveness of spatial resolution resampling in the context of immersive content. The proposed approach reduces the spatial resolution of input multi-view videos before encoding, and reconstructs their original resolution after decoding. During the up-sampling process, an advanced CNN model is used to reduce potential re-sampling, compression, and synthesis artifacts. This work has been fully tested with the TMIV coding standard using a Versatile Video Coding (VVC) codec. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant rate-quality performance improvement for the majority of the test sequences, with an average BD-VMAF improvement of 3.07 over all sequences.
On-Line Monitoring of Microbial Volatile Metabolites by Proton Transfer Reaction-Mass Spectrometry (2008)

A method for analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from microbial cultures was established using proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). A newly developed sampling system was coupled to a PTR-MS instrument to allow on-line monitoring of VOCs in the dynamic headspaces of microbial cultures. The novel PTR-MS method was evaluated for four reference organisms: Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella enterica, and Candida tropicalis. Headspace VOCs in sampling bottles containing actively growing cultures and uninoculated culture medium controls were sequentially analyzed by PTR-MS. Characteristic marker ions were found for certain microbial cultures: C. tropicalis could be identified by several unique markers compared with the other three organisms, and E. coli and S. enterica were distinguishable from each other and from S. flexneri by specific marker ions, demonstrating the potential of this method to differentiate between even closely related microorganisms. Although the temporal profiles of some VOCs were similar to the growth dynamics of the microbial cultures, most VOCs showed a different temporal profile, characterized by constant or decreasing VOC levels or by single or multiple peaks over 24 h of incubation. These findings strongly indicate that the temporal evolution of VOC emissions during growth must be considered if characterization or differentiation based on microbial VOC emissions is attempted. Our study may help to establish the analysis of VOCs by on-line PTR-MS as a routine method in microbiology and as a tool for monitoring environmental and biotechnological processes.
To Approach or Avoid: An Introductory Overview of the Study of Anxiety Using Rodent Assays (2020)

Anxiety is a widely studied phenomenon in behavioral neuroscience, but the recent literature lacks an overview of the major conceptual framework underlying anxiety research to introduce young researchers to the field. In this mini-review article, which is aimed toward new undergraduate and graduate students, we discuss how researchers exploit the approach-avoidance conflict, an internal conflict rodents face between exploration of novel environments and avoidance of danger, to inform rodent assays that allow for the measurement of anxiety-related behavior in the laboratory. We review five widely-used rodent anxiety assays, consider the pharmacological validity of these assays, and discuss neural circuits that have recently been shown to modulate anxiety using the assays described. Finally, we offer related lines of inquiry and comment on potential future directions.
Assessment of the application for renewal of authorisation of Biosprint® (Saccharomyces cerevisiae MUCL 39885) for sows (2019)

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for renewal of authorisation of the product Biosprint<sup>®</sup> (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> MUCL 39885) as a feed additive for sows. <i>S. cerevisiae</i> is considered by EFSA to have qualified presumption of safety (QPS) status. The applicant has provided data demonstrating that the additive currently in the market complies with the conditions of authorisation. The Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) Panel confirms that the use of Biosprint<sup>®</sup> under the current authorised conditions of use is safe for sows, the consumers and the environment. The additive is considered as a potential skin and eye irritant and skin/respiratory sensitiser. There is no need to assess the efficacy of Biosprint<sup>®</sup> in the context of the renewal of the authorisation.
IL-1RL2 and Its Ligands Contribute to the Cytokine Network in Psoriasis (2010)

Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated disease in European populations; it is characterized by inflammation and altered epidermal differentiation leading to redness and scaling. T cells are thought to be the main driver, but there is also evidence for an epidermal contribution. In this article, we show that treatment of mouse skin overexpressing the IL-1 family member, IL-1F6, with phorbol ester leads to an inflammatory condition with macroscopic and histological similarities to human psoriasis. Inflammatory cytokines thought to be important in psoriasis, such as TNF-α, IL-17A, and IL-23, are upregulated in the mouse skin. These cytokines are induced by and can induce IL-1F6 and related IL-1 family cytokines. Inhibition of TNF or IL-23 inhibits the increased epidermal thickness, inflammation, and cytokine production. Blockade of IL-1F6 receptor also resolves the inflammatory changes in human psoriatic lesional skin transplanted onto immunodeficient mice. These data suggest a role for IL-1F family members in psoriasis.
Variable-shaped electron-beam direct writing technology for 1-&#181;m VLSI fabrication (1981)

A 1-µm 256K MOS RAM has been fabricated using a variable-shaped electron-beam (EB) direct writing technology. EB drawing data are prepared using a new program, PEBL, which includes a new algorithm for shot division. PEBL plays an important role in obtaining high EB system throughput and high quality patterns. A new proximity correction technique, DCA, has also been proposed. This technique is simple and very effective in fabricating 1-µm VLSI patterns. Negative resist CMS or positive resist FPM are used appropriately, according to process levels. In fabrication of a 1-µm 256K MOS RAM, ±0.2-µm overlay accuracy and ±0.1-µm linewidth accuracy were achieved.
Towards new TB vaccines (2020)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death attributed to a single infectious organism. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), the standard vaccine against M. tuberculosis, is thought to prevent only 5% of all vaccine-preventable deaths due to tuberculosis, thus an alternative vaccine is required. One of the principal barriers to vaccine development against M. tuberculosis is the complexity of the immune response to infection, with uncertainty as to what constitutes an immunological correlate of protection. In this paper, we seek to give an overview of the immunology of M. tuberculosis infection, and by doing so, investigate possible targets of vaccine development. This encompasses the innate, adaptive, mucosal and humoral immune systems. Though MVA85A did not improve protection compared with BCG alone in a large-scale clinical trial, the correlates of protection this has revealed, in addition to promising results from candidate such as VPM1002, M72/ASO1E and H56:IC31 point to a brighter future in the field of TB vaccine development.
Negative cooperativity and half of the sites reactivity. Alkaline phosphatases of Escherichia coli with Zn2+, Co2+, Cd2+ , Mn2+ and Cu2+ ions in the active sites (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNegative cooperativity and half of the sites reactivity. Alkaline phosphatases of Escherichia coli with Zn2+, Co2+, Cd2+ , Mn2+ and Cu2+ ions in the active sitesDanielle Chappelet-Tordo, Motohiro Iwatsubo, and Michel LazdunskiCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 18, 3754–3762Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00715a022Request reuse permissionsArticle Views220Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (973 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multioctave Interference Detectors With Sub-Microsecond Response (2022)

High-power interferers are one of the main hurdles in wideband communication channels. To that end, this article presents a wideband interferer detection method. The presented technique operates by sampling the incoming signal as an input, and produces the frequency and the power readings of the detected interferer. The detection method relies on driving an open circuit stub, where the voltage is proportional to the power of the interferer, and the standing wave pattern is an indicator of its frequency. This approach is feasible over multioctave bandwidth with a wide power dynamic range. The concept is analyzed for design and optimization, and a prototype is built for a proof-of-concept. The measured results demonstrate the ability to detect an interferer within the 1–16 GHz frequency range, with a power dynamic range between −20 and 20 dBm. The detection concept is also fit with different types of tunable bandstop filters (BSFs) for automatic detection and suppression of the interferer if its power exceeds a programmable threshold. With a measured response time of 500 ns, the presented method is a technology enabler for wideband receivers.
POLYMERIZATION OF DIACETYLENE USING β-SHEET AS A TEMPLATE (2006)

In the parallel and anti-parallel β-sheet structures, hydrogen bonding arises between the amide bonds of the peptide chains to arrange them with a distance of ca. 5 Å. That distance matched with the repeating unit distance of polydiacetylene. In this study, the effectiveness of the β-sheet as a template for the polymerization of diacetylene was examined by using diacetylene-introduced oligopeptides. The diacetylene-introduced amino acid (Thr(DA)) was synthesized from L-threonine. Though peptides Ac-Thr(DA)-NHMe and Ac -[ Thr(DA) ] 2 - NHMe formed anti-parallel β-sheet, they showed slight or no polymerization in both of the solid and the solution states. On the other hand, Ac -[ Thr(DA) ] 5 - NHMe and 11mer peptide with a Thr(DA) in the center of the sequence contained anti-parallel β-sheet structure and formed polydiacetylene of high degree of polymerization with high conversion during the cleavage process of the peptide from resin in the solution. This result indicated that the preorganization of the peptide through the β-sheet formation was necessary for the polymerization of diacetylene group. Thus, the β-sheet motif was effective template for the polymerization of diacetylene.
Structures of active melanocortin-4 receptor–Gs-protein complexes with NDP-α-MSH and setmelanotide (2021)

The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), a hypothalamic master regulator of energy homeostasis and appetite, is a class A G-protein-coupled receptor and a prime target for the pharmacological treatment of obesity. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of MC4R-Gs-protein complexes with two drugs recently approved by the FDA, the peptide agonists NDP-α-MSH and setmelanotide, with 2.9 Å and 2.6 Å resolution. Together with signaling data from structure-derived MC4R mutants, the complex structures reveal the agonist-induced origin of transmembrane helix (TM) 6-regulated receptor activation. The ligand-binding modes of NDP-α-MSH, a high-affinity linear variant of the endogenous agonist α-MSH, and setmelanotide, a cyclic anti-obesity drug with biased signaling toward Gq/11, underline the key role of TM3 in ligand-specific interactions and of calcium ion as a ligand-adaptable cofactor. The agonist-specific TM3 interplay subsequently impacts receptor-Gs-protein interfaces at intracellular loop 2, which also regulates the G-protein coupling profile of this promiscuous receptor. Finally, our structures reveal mechanistic details of MC4R activation/inhibition, and provide important insights into the regulation of the receptor signaling profile which will facilitate the development of tailored anti-obesity drugs.
LL-37-mediated activation of host receptors is critical for defense against group A streptococcal infection (2021)

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) causes diverse human diseases, including life-threatening soft-tissue infections. It is accepted that the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 protects the host by killing GAS. Here, we show that GAS extracellular protease ScpC N-terminally cleaves LL-37 into two fragments of 8 and 29 amino acids, preserving its bactericidal activity. At sub-bactericidal concentrations, the cleavage inhibits LL-37-mediated neutrophil chemotaxis, shortens neutrophil lifespan, and eliminates P2X7 and EGF receptors' activation. Mutations at the LL-37 cleavage site protect the peptide from ScpC-mediated splitting, maintaining all its functions. The mouse LL-37 ortholog CRAMP is neither cleaved by ScpC nor does it activate P2X7 or EGF receptors. Treating wild-type or CRAMP-null mice with sub-bactericidal concentrations of the non-cleavable LL-37 analogs promotes GAS clearance that is abolished by the administration of either P2X7 or EGF receptor antagonists. We demonstrate that LL-37-mediated activation of host receptors is critical for defense against GAS soft-tissue infections.
Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager (2004)

Finally, a comprehensive guide to the Linux VM!VM's behavior affects every Linux kernel subsystem and dramatically impacts overall performance. But until now, there was only one way to understand VM: study the poorly documented source one line at a time. Now there's an easier, faster alternative. This book describes VM in unprecedented detail, presenting both theoretical foundations and a line-by-line source code commentary. It systematically covers everything from physical memory description to out-of-memory management. Coverage includes: Linux VM 2.4 architecture in depth-with diagrams and call graphs Physical memory description, page tables, address spaces, and memory allocation High memory, swapping, shared memory, and much more Expert guidance for analyzing the code of any open source project New Linux 2.6 kernel features in every chapterWell organized and superbly written, Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager will be indispensable to every kernel programmer and researcher.
Arterial spin labeling MRI is able to detect early hemodynamic changes in diabetic nephropathy (2017)

3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1810-1817.
Self-assembled calix[6]pyrrole capsules (2002)

Deoxycholic acid (DCA) and apocholic acid (ACA), which belong to bile acid, form inclusion complexes of a channel type with a wide variety of organic molecules. Some polymers can be also accommodated into the channel to form the inclusion complexes. The unit cell dimension, a, of the DCA complex with ploy(propylene glycol) (PEG) which has methyl side groups is about 0.1 nm longer than that of polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) which has no side group. However, the values of a are similar each other in the complexes of ACA with these polyethers. Though the inclusion complex of DCA with 3-methyl cyclohexanone [1] has large unit cell similarly to PPG, the dimension, a, in the ACA complex of this bulky small molecule is comparable to those in the ACA complexes of PPG and PTHF.
Mass Sensing for the Advanced Fabrication of Nanomechanical Resonators (2019)

We report on a nanomechanical engineering method to monitor matter growth in real time via e-beam electromechanical coupling. This method relies on the exceptional mass sensing capabilities of nanomechanical resonators. Focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) is employed to selectively grow platinum particles at the free end of singly clamped nanotube cantilevers. The electron beam has two functions: it allows both to grow material on the nanotube and to track in real time the deposited mass by probing the noise-driven mechanical resonance of the nanotube. On the one hand, this detection method is highly effective as it can resolve mass deposition with a resolution in the zeptogram range; on the other hand, this method is simple to use and readily available to a wide range of potential users because it can be operated in existing commercial FEBID systems without making any modification. The presented method allows one to engineer hybrid nanomechanical resonators with precisely tailored functionalities. It also appears as a new tool for studying the growth dynamics of ultrathin nanostructures, opening new opportunities for investigating so far out-of-reach physics of FEBID and related methods.