gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distinct HLA‐DR epitopes and distinct families of HLA‐DR molecules defined by 15 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) either anti‐DR or allo‐anti‐Iak crossreacting with human DR molecule. I. Cross‐inhibition studies of mAb cell surface fixation and differential binding of mAb to detergent‐solubilized HLA molecules immobilized to a solid phase by a first mAb (1983)

A series of HLA-DR-reactive mouse anti-human B cell or anti-Ia monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have been used to explore the serological complexity of human class II antigens at the determinant level, using two techniques: (a) cross antibody-binding competitor assays using 125I-labeled and-unlabeled mAb were performed to study the topological organization of the corresponding determinants to determine epitopic clusters recognized by this collection of mAb and (b) differential reactivity of mAb to detergent-solobilized solid-phase-immobilized HLA-DR molecules to determine epitopes expressed on identical DR isotypes. The fifteen mAb could be classified according to the first technique as falling into three different epitopic clusters. Using the second technique, we were able to define at least two independent molecular subsets, one co-expressing two of the three epitopic clusters and the second expressing only the third one. We could not formally identify molecular subsets expressing only one of the first two clusters, using the second technique. The precise serological mapping of the determinants recognized by various anti-class II mAb should prove very useful if such mAb were to be introduced in anti-class II-specific T cell clone blocking experiments. We anticipate that some of them should facilitate the correlation at the clonal level between the T cell repertoire and the epitopes or molecular subsets defined by these mAb. However, within mAb belonging apparently to a same cluster, some could mediate different biological effects.
Clinical analysis of reoperative treatment of lumbar disc herniation (2008)

Objective To analyze the reasons and investigate the methods of reoperative treatment after lumbar disc surgery. Methods From May 1999 to March 2007, 37 cases were treated with reoperation after lumbar disc surgery. The reasons were analyzed.Five cases underwent enlarged laminectomy.Six cases did semi-laminectomy.Twenty-six cases did total laminectomy.Twenty-one cases did total laminectomy and transpedicular screw fixation and bone graft (diapophysis fusion for 21cases and interbody fusion for 11 cases simultaneous ). Results The reasons of reoperation included: recurrent lumbar disc herniation(13 cases), adjacent lumbar disc herniation(3 cases), spinal canal stenosis and lateral recess stenosis(11 cases), postoperative segmental instability(7 cases), mistaken implantation of transpedicular screw(2 cases), wrong intraoperative location (1 case). All patients were followed up from 1 year to 7 years (mean 3.2 years). According to macnab's criteria, outcomes were excellent in 11 cases, good in 17 cases, fair in 7 cases and poor in 2 cases. The excellent and good rate was 75.7%. Conclusion Recurrent lumbar disc herniation, postoperative segmental instability, spinal canal stenosis are the main reasons of reoperation. With a correct analysis of reoperative reasons, an appropriate method and fine surgical skills, reoperation can achieve satisfactory result.

Key words: 
Lumbar disc herniation; Reoperation;  Recurrence
<title>Characterization of strained quantum well InGaAs/AlGaAs buried heterostructure lasers using internal second-harmonic generation</title> (1994)

In this paper the investigation of internal optical second harmonic generation (SH) of buried heterostructure (BH) InGaAs/AlGaAs strained quantum well laser diodes is performed for additional characterization of these devices which are capable of operating at high power densities as high as 3 MW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at room temperature and 0.1 MW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at 190 degree(s)C. The blue-green emission level is of the order of 10<SUP>5</SUP> photons per second for laser diodes with 3micrometers active layer width at fundamental optical power of 2.0 mW. This relatively high SH intensity level makes it possible to observe the light spot in optical microscopes and to detect SH signal with a standard photon counting system in wide operation current and ambient temperature intervals. Variation of the SH signal at the constant fundamental harmonic (FH) power indicates that changes in the near field occur. SH far-field patterns of laser diodes reflect the effects of SH radiation spot size reduction in comparison with FH radiation spot size and FH waves nonlinear interactions in the waveguide material.
One-Pot Synthesis of a Graphene-TiO2 Nanocomposite for the Sensitive Determination of Cadmium(II) in Environmental Water (2017)

Heavy metal ions in environmental water have posed a significant risk to human health due to their biodegradability and potential accumulation in aquatic organisms. This study proposed the synthesis of a TiO2-graphene nanocomposite for the detection of cadmium ions via an electrochemical route. Then, different methods were used to characterize and analyse the features and morphology of the obtained TiO2-graphene nanocomposite. Based on the optimization of the electrochemical detection conditions, this nanocomposite material was applied to the detection of Cd(II) in real water specimens from a tourism area. The electrochemical sensor for Cd(II) detection was proved applicable to protect the environment of this tourism area.
Learning Representations of Natural Language Texts with Generative Adversarial Networks at Document, Sentence, and Aspect Level (2018)

The ability to learn robust, resizable feature representations from unlabeled data has potential applications in a wide variety of machine learning tasks. One way to create such representations is to train deep generative models that can learn to capture the complex distribution of real-world data. Generative adversarial network (GAN) approaches have shown impressive results in producing generative models of images, but relatively little work has been done on evaluating the performance of these methods for the learning representation of natural language, both in supervised and unsupervised settings at the document, sentence, and aspect level. Extensive research validation experiments were performed by leveraging the 20 Newsgroups corpus, the Movie Review (MR) Dataset, and the Finegrained Sentiment Dataset (FSD). Our experimental analysis suggests that GANs can successfully learn representations of natural language texts at all three aforementioned levels.
Nonlinear Effects Prediction in Ultra-Dense WDM Systems Using Volterra Series (2010)

Volterra Series Transfer Function method is investigated to analyze fiber nonlinearities in ultra-dense WDM systems. For 340×1Gb/s at 3GHz grid using intensity-modulated signals, the method enables fast analysis of the induced nonlinear distortion impact.
Protein Identification Using Sorcerer 2 and SEQUEST (2009)

Sage-N's Sorcerer 2 provides an integrated data analysis system for comprehensive protein identification and characterization. It runs on a proprietary version of SEQUEST(R), the most widely used search engine for identifying proteins in complex mixtures. The protocol presented here describes the basic steps performed to process mass spectrometric data with Sorcerer 2 and how to analyze results using TPP and Scaffold. The unit also provides an overview of the SEQUEST(R) algorithm, along with Sorcerer-SEQUEST(R) enhancements, and a discussion of data filtering methods, important considerations in data interpretation, and additional resources that can be of assistance to users running Sorcerer and interpreting SEQUEST(R) results.
A 3D Object Encryption Scheme Which Maintains Dimensional and Spatial Stability (2014)

Due to widespread applications of 3D vision technology, the research into 3D object protection is primarily important. To maintain confidentiality, encryption of 3D objects is essential. However, the requirements and limitations imposed by 3D objects indicate the impropriety of conventional cryptosystems for 3D object encryption. This suggests the necessity of designing new ciphers. In addition, the study of prior works indicates that the majority of problems encountered with encrypting 3D objects are about point cloud protection, dimensional and spatial stability, and robustness against surface reconstruction attacks. To address these problems, this paper proposes a 3D object encryption scheme, based on a series of random permutations and rotations, which deform the geometry of the point cloud. Since the inverse of a permutation and a rotation matrix is its transpose, the decryption implementation is very efficient. Our statistical analyses show that within the cipher point cloud, points are randomly distributed. Furthermore, the proposed cipher leaks no information regarding the geometric structure of the plain point cloud, and is also highly sensitive to the changes of the plaintext and secret key. The theoretical and experimental analyses demonstrate the security, effectiveness, and robustness of the proposed cipher against surface reconstruction attacks.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling on effect of fume extraction (2019)

In anodizing industries, fume hoods are essential at the workplace since long term exposure to the acid fumes released may lead to adverse health effect. The design of fume hood is always referring to the guidelines in ACGIH’s Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of Recommended Practice, yet there is no definitive validation regarding the guidelines stated in the manual. A numerical simulation using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was conducted to study the effective region of a slot fume hood. With assumption on that turbulence in the suction hood does not affect the slot velocity, the model of simulation focus only on the cross-sectional area of slot entry. From the results, it is clear that the effective region of a slot fume hood with designated exhaust air flow rate is more than half the width and height of solution tank. Meanwhile from the case studies, further increasing the slot velocity of a single slot fume hood is capable to reduce more hazardous fume form the work place, but it is not as effective as using two fume hoods. Two fume hoods can reduce the concentration of fume to a value below the permissible threshold limit with better power efficiency and cost effective.
A USN development strategy and demonstration results for propulsion and mechanical systems diagnostics, prognostics and health management (2002)

A US Navy strategy was generated and is still evolving to develop and demonstrate diagnostics and prognostics for helicopter drive trains. The SH-60 program was initiated as a proof-of-concept effort to develop, demonstrate, and integrate available and advanced mechanical diagnostic technologies for propulsion and power drive system monitoring. Included in these technologies were various rule based and model based analysis techniques which were applied to demonstrate and validate various levels of diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. Since spalling of the SB 2205 roller bearing integral inner race is the most common dynamic component cause for gearbox removal in the SH-60, it was tested as part of the original HIDS effort. Using this as a case example, diagnostic methods are used to identify the fault, and means of applying prognostics are discussed. Other more recent examples of "seeded faults" are also discussed as case studies demonstrating various degrees of diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. These include the evaluation of an epicyclic planet gear separation algorithm developed by the DSTO, Australia. Multivariate analysis reasoners, and information fusion requirements and approaches are also discussed. Most recently a strategy is evolving to more fully develop and demonstrate the predictive aspects of prognostics. Finally a full description, recent accomplishments, status and plans for the NAWCAD Helicopter Transmission Test Facility is presented.
Degradation of MOSFETs drive current due to halo ion implantation (2002)

In this paper, we have evaluated the performance of halo MOSFET with wide range of process conditions. We found that halo devices indeed improve the short channel effect such as V/sub th/ roll-off, DIBL, and punch-through voltage. However, similar to the super steep retrograde channel device, it causes significant degradation of the current driving capability. We found that the degradation of saturation current of halo device is directly related to the less roll-off of saturation threshold voltage due to the increased depletion charge at the drain.
Intravenous needle-free injection devices: new information for compounding pharmacists. (2013)

By educating their clients (especially prescribing physicians, nurses, and home healthcare aides) about the advantages of using needle-free devices to administer intravenous medications, compounding pharmacists can help prevent complications associated with vascular access devices and needlestick injuries. Despite state and federal efforts to reduce the incidence of sharps injuries among healthcare workers, percutaneous needle-stick injuries remain a source of emotional stress, morbidity, and possible mortality in those individuals. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 50% or more of surveyed healthcare personnel do not report their occupational percutaneous injuries, and an estimated 385,000 sharps-related injuries occur annually among healthcare workers in hospitals alone. Because sharps injuries are associated with the transmission of more than 20 pathogens, including hepatitis B and C viruses and the human immunodeficiency virus, the potential burden of disease is great. For the intgravenous administration of medications, however, devices safer than those requiring the use of needles are available, and pharmacists have a key role in educating caregivers about needle-free equipment and its use. In this article, we explain the types of intravenous needle-free devices of interest to compounding pharmacists and the clients they serve, and we answer frequently asked questions about that equipment. Compounders who understand the design features and capabilities of such products, their clients' intended use of those devices, patients' specific needs can improve treatment outcomes and protect healthcare workers against needlestick injury.
Diagnostic and Predictive Levels of Calcium-binding Protein A8 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated Factor 6 in Sepsis-associated Encephalopathy (2016)

Peripheral blood levels of S100A8 and TRAF6 in SAE patients were elevated and might be related to the severity of SAE and predict the outcome of SAE. The efficacy and specificity of S100A8 for SAE diagnosis were superior, despite its weak sensitivity. S100A8 might be a better biomarker for diagnosis of SAE and predicting prognosis.
Odd-even Effects on the Surface Anchoring Strength and the Pretilt Angle Generation in NLC on Rubbed Polythiophene Surfaces with Alkyl Chain Lengths (1999)

We have investigated that the high pretilt angle of the NLC, 4-n-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB), was observed on rubbed polythiophene (PTP) surfaces with alkyl chains with more than 10 carbon atoms; it is attributed to the surface-excluded volume effect by the alkyl chain lengths between the LCs and the PTP surfaces. Next, we investigated that the odd-even effect of the polar anchoring strength in 5CB on rubbed PTP surfaces with alkyl chain lengths has been successfully evaluated. The anchoring strength of 5CB for rubbed PTP surfaces with odd-number is weak compared with even-number up to the 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain; however, odd-number is strong compared with even-number above 7 carbon atoms. The weak anchoring strength of 5CB is approximately ) on rubbed PTP surface with 7 carbon atoms; it is relatively strong anchoring strength. Consequently, we conclude that the odd-even effects of the polar anchoring strength in NLCs are strongly related to the characteristics of the polymer and observed clearly for short alkyl chain lengths.
Correlation between Arrangement of Dielectric Layers and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Mg 0.93 Ca 0.07 TiO 3 −(Ca 0.3 Li 0.14 Sm 0.42 )TiO 3 Ceramics (2003)

Effect of geometrical shape and induced thermal strain on the microwave dielectric properties of the layered structure ceramics of Mg 0.93 Ca 0.07 TiO 3 with (Ca 0.3 Li 0.14 Sm 0.42 )TiO 3 was investigated as a function of the number of dielectric layers. The dielectric constant and the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) were not changed significantly with the number of dielectric layers but only depended on the net compositional ratio. However, the dielectric loss quality was affected by the number of interfaces between dielectric layers, which had a partial composition inhomogeneity due to the diffusion of Mg 2+ and Ti 4+ ions. The dielectric loss quality also decreased with an increase of thermal strain induced to each dielectric layer.
The grid array antenna (1986)

Attention is called to the grid array as a possible useful antenna design for UHF clear air radars. This type of antenna integrates radiating elements and the feed network into a single structure so that a fairly large array can be driven from a single feed point. Figures are given which demonstrate the basic principle of the grid array, which are adapted from Conti et al. (1981). Conductors are arranged above a ground plane in a repeating, staggered array of connected rectangles. Each rectangular element is approximately one by one-half wavelength in size. The currents on the conductors at resonance is indicated. The grid array illustrated can be expanded in both vertical and horizontal directions about the feed point by adding additional rectangular conductors. The design eliminates the feed network and would provide a thin, panel-like antenna that could be easily built and transported.
Venom Toxins as Potential Targeted Therapies (2019)

Targeted therapy has been a very hot research topic in the last decade [...].
Abstract LB-335: Autologous whole-tumor antigen vaccination in combination with adoptive T cell therapy for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. (2013)

Abstract Novel therapeutic strategies are warranted in recurrent ovarian cancer. We report two independent consecutive studies of combinatorial immunotherapy comprising dendritic cell (DC)-based autologous whole tumor antigen vaccination in combination with antiangiogenesis therapy. 31 patients with recurrent progressive stage III and IV ovarian cancer with available tumor lysate from secondary debulking surgery enrolled in two different studies. First 6 underwent priming with intravenous bevacizumab and oral metronomic cyclophosphamide followed by vaccination with an autologous DC preparation pulsed with freeze-thaw autologous tumor lysate while the other 25 underwent vaccination with an enhanced vaccine where autologous DCs were loaded with HOCl-oxidized autologous tumor lysate administered intranodally every 2 weeks in combination with intravenous bevacizumab. Both studies were followed by lymphodepletion and transfer of autologous vaccine-primed, ex vivo CD3/CD28-costimulated peripheral blood T-cells, in combination with antiangiogenesis therapy and vaccination. Feasibility, safety, and biological and clinical efficacy were evaluated. Eleven subjects have completed vaccination and T cell transfer to date, while twenty-three additional subjects completed vaccination only. Vaccination was well tolerated and elicited tumor-specific T cell responses against various ovarian tumor antigen in both studies and clinical benefit of 65% correlated with the immune response with some experiencing prolonged progression free survival. Following lymphodepletion, adoptive transfer of vaccine-primed T-cells was well tolerated and resulted in durable reduction of T-regulatory cells and restoration of vaccine-induced antitumor immunity in patients who experienced clinical benefit. One patient exhibited no evidence of disease at end of study. Stable disease was observed in 8 subjects to date. Data on additional patients will be presented at the meeting. Our results suggest the use of combinatorial cellular immunotherapy comprising DC vaccination with whole tumor antigen and adoptive lymphocyte transfer using tumor antigen-specific T cells for the treatment of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer is promising yet warrants further investigation. Citation Format: Lana E. Kandalaft, Janos Tanyi, Cheryl Chiang, Daniel Powell, George coukos. Autologous whole-tumor antigen vaccination in combination with adoptive T cell therapy for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-335. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-335
In2X3 (X=S, Se, Te) Semiconductor Thin Films (2016)

Indium chalcogenide thin film semiconductor compounds In2X3 (with X being a chalcogen atom, i.e., S, Se, or Te) are important materials in many current technological applications such as solar cells, micro-batteries, memory devices, etc. This chapter reviews the recent progress in In2X3 (X = S, Se, or Te) thin film research and development, with a particular attention paid to their growth and processing methods and parameters, and the effects that these have on the films microstructure. The intimate relationship between their fabrication conditions and the resulting physico-chemical and functional properties is discussed. Finally, results pertaining to the fabrication and characterization of these thin film materials, as well as the main devices and applications based on them are also highlighted and discussed in this chapter.
Improved Electrochemical Performance of Li[sub 2]MnSiO[sub 4]/C Composite Synthesized by Combustion Technique (2009)

cathode powders were synthesized by a simple combustion technique using citric acid as a chelating agent. The as-synthesized powder was ballmilled with acetylene black (0–20 wt %) and heated at in argon atmosphere to form a composite. X-ray powder diffraction indicated the formation of possessing an orthorhombic crystal structure along with manganese oxide as a minor impurity phase. Field-emission-scanning electron microscopy showed that pristine consists of large agglomerates of . The addition of acetylene black resulted in a drastic change in morphology for composites consisting of uniform grains of . The electrochemical discharge capacity as well as the rate capability of also improved dramatically with an increasing amount of conducting carbon (acetylene black) in the matrix, and a value as high as was obtained at a current density of . Impedance spectroscopy showed that the addition of acetylene black decreases the charge-transfer impedance and checks the growth of cell impedance during cycling. Cyclic voltammetry showed two oxidation/reduction couples at 3.6/2.9 and 4.5/4.3 V with good reversibility.