gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Basis for the New Pneumococcal Serotype, 6C (2007)

We have recently reported a new pneumococcal serotype (6C), which is closely related to serotype 6A (I. H. Park et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 45:1225-1233, 2007). To investigate the genetic basis for serotype 6C, we studied the capsule gene loci of 14 6C isolates from three different continents, including one isolated in Alabama 27 years ago. The wciN region of all 6C isolates has a 1,029-bp-long sequence that replaces the 1,222-bp-long sequence of the 6A wciN region. This recombination event has created a new 1,125-bp-long open reading frame which encodes a product that is also homologous to glycosyl transferases. Flanking this introduced gene is 300 bp upstream and 100 bp downstream with only about 90% homology with 6A and which is identical in all 6C isolates. Transfer of the wciN region converts 6A to 6C. Determination of the DNA sequence of the entire capsule gene locus of one 6C isolate showed that the 6C capsule gene locus is almost identical (>98% homologous) to that of 6A except for the wciN region. These findings indicate that the 6C capsule type originated more than 27 years ago by a single recombination event in a 6A locus in which 6A wciN was replaced by a gene of unknown origin.
Química fina :: nuevos horizontes, viejos retos (2002)

La situacion economica actual de la quimica fina no parece muy halaguena. Sin embargo, continuan existiendo oportunidades. Evitar en lo posible competir en precios y promover los servicios y la colaboracion con el cliente parece la estrategia mas atractiva. Se apuntan algunas posibilidades de actuacion para recuperar el valor anadido tradicional de la industria de quimica fina.
Frequency of nasal and wound isolates of Staphylococcus aureus associated with TSST-1 production in Jordanian population (2000)

A total of 110 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were obtained from nasal carriers and wound infections of Jordanian population. The isolates were identified by cultural and biochemical methods. The nasal carrier rate of S. aureus among individuals was 22.7%. In comparison with the nasal S. aureus isolates the wound isolates did not produce significantly more virulence factors except DNase. Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 production was higher among the S. aureus nasal isolates (40%) as compared with the wound isolates (26%) detected by an ELISA method which proved to be uniformly more sensitive than the immunodiffusion optimal sensitivity plate (OSP) method.
Monolithically integrated GaN power ICs designed using the MIT virtual source GaNFET (MVSG) compact model for enhancement-mode p-GaN gate power HEMTs, logic transistors and resistors (2019)

This paper presents the models for several components needed for GaN IC design. MIT virtual source GaNFET (MVSG) model works very well in modelling the high-voltage p-GaN gate power HEMTs and low-voltage GaN logic transistors. The 2DEG resistor can be modelled either using MVSG model or empirical spice model. Low ohmic resistance can be simply modelled with empirical equation. Circuit simulations and measurements demonstrate the convergence and accuracy of the models.
Transport resources reservation in IMS frameworks: Terminal vs. PDF driven (2007)

IMS is a good candidate to become the service platform for next generation networks (NGN). Among one of its key characteristics is the ability to keep the Internet paradigm of application and transport separation while designing interfaces between the two layers. In IMS there is an interaction between the CSCFs (call session control function), SIP proxies managing the application setup, and the PDF (Policy Decision Function), controlling the transport network. Still, the terminals have to perform the transport resource allocation (activating the PDP context). In future networks, a similar behavior is possible but also another approach can be followed: the PDF is in charge of allocating the transport resources between the terminals, allowing to reinforce the network control. In this paper we analyze and compare both approaches, including by resorting to simulation.
Improvement of Tribological Properties of Metal Matrix Composites by Means of Slide Burnishing (2013)

Burnishing of metal surfaces can affect positively tribological and mechanical properties such as fatigue strength, wear resistance, contact stiffness and bearing capacity. Burnishing affects the entire surface topography, including surface roughness, radii of curvature of peaks and valleys, slope angles and more. We have studied A1Mg1SiCu (6xxx series) aluminum matrix composites with a reinforcing phase of Al2O3 which exhibits good workability but poor machinability. The second series studied was based on an AlSi alloy (A-390) reinforced with SiC – this one characterized by poor workability but good machinability. Materials have been prepared by mixing metal powders with the reinforcement, cold pressing, sintering, hot extrusion and heat treatment. We have determined surface roughness with a Hommel tester; the arithmetical mean for A1Mg1SiCu (A6061 + Al2O3) was ~1 µm before burnishing and ~0.15 mm after burnishing. We have also determined the bearing capacity at 50 % with the same tester: before burnishing 2.30 µm and 0.47 µm afterwards for A6061 + Al2O3; before 2.30 µm, afterwards 0.37 µm for A390 + SiC. Vickers microhardness at the surface with respect to the core increases 30 % for the Al2O3 containing composite and 50 % for the SiC containing composite.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.19.4.2404
ONCOLOGIC AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME AFTER HINDQUARTER RESECTIONS FOR SARCOMA: IS IT WORTH IT? (2016)

Hindquarter amputations for bone or soft tissue sarcoma cause a high degree of disability in patients and are associated with high morbidity rates. The goal of this study is to determine prognostic factors for outcome and analyse quality of life after resection, in order to better select patients who are more likely to benefit from a hindquarter amputation. Our prospectively collected database was searched for all patients treated with a hindquarter amputation between 1989 and 2015. Clinical and histopathological features were analysed for their prognostic value using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analysis. Endpoints were set at recurrent disease and death. Also, functional and social outcome as well as pain was assessed from the hospital charts in the patients that are still alive. 82 patients underwent a hindquarter resection in the given time frame. Of these patients, 63 were treated with a curative intent. The median hospital stay was 25 days, and 49% of the patients had wound complications. The in-hospital mortality was 6%. The 5-year overall survival in the whole group was 31%, while disease free survival was 26%. As expected, patients with metastases at presentation had a significantly worse outcome, while patients with locally recurrent sarcoma had the same outcome as patients with primary sarcoma. For those patients treated with curative intent, younger age was correlated with better survival, while higher histological grade was correlated with worse disease free survival. The functional and social outcome for patients who survived more then one year varied widely, with about 50% of the patients living an acceptable social life with reasonable pain levels and mobility status. Hindquarter amputations for sarcoma patients are still indicated for a select group of patients. Younger patients and/or patients with low grade sarcomas are more likely to benefit form this resection in terms of survival and long term function. However, for patients with less favourable prognostic factors a hindquarter operation might be an unreasonable palliative option.
The Intracellular Tyrosine Kinase Brk Sensitizes Nontransformed Cells to Inducers of Apoptosis (2005)

The intracellular tyrosine kinase Brk is expressed in regenerating epithelial tissues with highest levels in the gastrointestinal tract and skin. In these tissues, Brk is restricted to epithelial cells that are exiting the cell cycle and undergoing terminal differentiation. While not expressed in mammary gland, Brk expression is often induced in primary breast tumors and breast tumor cell lines. To identify potential oncogenic functions of Brk, we utilized the immortalized Rat1a rat fibroblast cell line that is highly sensitive to transformation. We generated Rat1a cell lines that stably overexpress wild-type and activated Brk, and we analyzed their growth properties and ability to undergo apoptosis in response to stress and DNA damage. Overexpression of Brk did not induce anchorage-independent growth, and no changes in cell morphology or cell cycle progression were observed. However, when constitutively expressed, Brk sensitized Rat1a cells to a variety of apoptotic stimuli including serum deprivation and a combination of UV irradiation and serum starvation. These findings indicate that Brk does not promote proliferation of non-transformed cells, but plays a positive role in the regulation of the apoptotic response to DNA-damage and stress.
External Fistulas Arising from the Gastro-intestinal Tract ° (1960)

Edmunds, Henry L. Jr. M.D.; Williams, G. M. M.D.; Welch, Claude E. M.D. Author Information
Rice Nudix Hydrolase OsNUDX2 Sanitizes Oxidized Nucleotides (2022)

Nudix hydrolase (NUDX) hydrolyzes 8-oxo-(d)GTP to reduce the levels of oxidized nucleotides in the cells. 8-oxo-(d)GTP produced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is incorporated into DNA/RNA and mispaired with adenine, causing replicational and transcriptional errors. Here, we identified a rice <i>OsNUDX2</i> gene, whose expression level was increased 15-fold under UV-C irradiation. The open reading frame of the <i>OsNUDX2</i> gene, which encodes 776 amino acid residues, was cloned into <i>Escherichia coli</i> cells to produce the protein of 100 kDa. The recombinant protein hydrolyzed 8-oxo-dGTP, in addition to dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) and isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), as did Arabidopsis AtNUDX1; whereas the amino acid sequence of OsNUDX2 had 18% identity with AtNUDX1. OsNUDX2 had 14% identity with barley HvNUDX12, which hydrolyzes 8-oxo-dGTP and diadenosine tetraphosphates. Suppression of the <i>lacZ</i> amber mutation caused by the incorporation of 8-oxo-GTP into mRNA was prevented to a significant degree when the <i>OsNUDX2</i> gene was expressed in <i>mutT</i>-deficient <i>E. coli</i> cells. These results suggest that the different substrate specificity and identity among plant 8-oxo-dGTP-hydrolyzing NUDXs and OsNUDX2 reduces UV stress by sanitizing the oxidized nucleotides.
Reductive Dehalogenation of Halomethanes in Iron- and Sulfate-Reducing Sediments. 1. Reactivity Pattern Analysis (2003)

The incorporation of reductive transformations into environmental fate models requires the characterization of natural reductants in sediments and aquifer materials. For this purpose, reactivity patterns (range and relative order of reactivity) for a series of 14 halogenated methanes were measured in iron- and sulfate-reducing sediments and two representative model systems: adsorbed Fe(II)/goethite [Fe(II)ads/alpha-FeOOH] and iron sulfide (FeS). Both Fe(II)ads and FeS are naturally occurring reductants. The strong similarity in reactivity patterns between the iron- and sulfate-reducing sediments suggests that the two share a common reductant despite their different chemical compositions (i.e., the sulfate-reducing sediment contained FeS). An orthogonal regression analysis of the halomethane transformation rate data in the sediment and model systems supports the assumption that a common mechanism for halomethane transformation exists between the sediments and the Fe(II)ads/alpha-FeOOH system and further corroborates the conclusion that Fe(II) adsorbed to Fe(III)-containing minerals is the dominant reductant in both sediment systems. Weak (0.5 N) and strong (6.0 N) acid extraction of the sediments indicated that solid-phase Fe(II) was 67% higher in the sulfate-reducing sediment than in the iron-reducing sediment, which is consistent with the observations that the halomethanes were transformed a factor of 3 times faster in the sulfate-reducing sediment and that Fe(II) was the dominant reductant.
A switching power supply of 99% power factor by the dither rectifier (2002)

The authors present a current waveform improvement method, based on the dither effect normally used in the linearization of nonlinear functions. The proposed circuit utilizes this principle to linearize the dead-zone characteristic which is present in the input of capacitor input rectifiers. The principal characteristics of this method are its simple composition and, more importantly, that it avoids the need for current control. The same switching device realizes the input current waveform improvement and the high frequency inverting output. The experimental circuit achieved over 99% input power factor and current distortion below 9%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Near-infrared fluorescence enhanced optical imaging: an analysis of penetration depth (2002)

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Flavin-adenine-dinucleotide in rat tissues (1939)

IT now seems clear that flavin-adenine-dinucleotide acts as the coenzyme or "prosthetic group" of at least five enzymes of biological interest: (1) d-amino acid oxidase [Warburg & Christian, 1938], (2) the flavoprotein from milk of Corran & Green [1938] which is at all events similar to the xanthine oxidase of Ball [1939], (3) the yeast flavoprotein of Haas [1938], (4) diaphorase of Euler & Hellstr6m [1938], or coenzyme factor of Dewan & Green [1938] (cf. also Straub [1939]; Straub et at. [1939]), and (5) yeast fumarate hydrogenase [Fischer et al. 1939]. In view of the great importance of this nucleotide it seemed of interest to determine the amount present in boiled extracts of various rat tissues under different experimental conditions.
The Use of Manganese-Doped Iron Garnets and High Dielectric Constant Loading for Microwave Latching Ferrite Phasers (1970)

The characteristics of ferrite materials desired for microwave devices with the material operated in the remanent state have been reviewed by Ince and Temme. The major deficiencies in the material for such applications have been the sensitivities of the remanent magnetization to both temperature and stress. Of the two most commonly used material systems, Mg-Mn ferrites and yttritum-iron garnets, the temperature sensitivity of the remanent magnetization of the garnet is less severe, particularly at low magnetization values. However, the stress sensitivity of the garnet is significantly greater than that of the ferrites and consequently, presents a serious problem for latching devices. Following earlier attempts to reduce the stress sensitivity through rare earth additions, which proved lossy, Dionne, et al. have shown that a small manganese addition to yttrium-iron garnet is effective for the reduction of magnetostriction. They have presented data suggesting that the microwave characteristics would also be satisfactory.
Reduction in Wound Complications After Total Ankle Arthroplasty Using a Compression Wrap Protocol (2015)

Based on our clinical experience with postoperative wound care after TAA, use of a compression wrap protocol was safe and effective at reducing wound-related complications, and well tolerated by patients. Further prospective, randomized clinical trials are warranted to evaluate the utility and cost-effectiveness of a compression wrap protocol after TAA.
Hydrodynamics and liquid phase axial mixing in orifice pipe reactor (1988)

Abstract Two phase flow in a horizontal pipe, with orifice plates placed at regular intervals as obstructions, was studied for the effect of phase velocities on flow patterns, fractional phase hold‐ups, pressure drop and liquid phase axial dispersion. Radioactive technetium‐99m (as an aqueous solution of sodium pertechnatate) was used as tracer. A pulse injection technique with two point measurements was employed. Three different orifice diameters were used (8 mm, 16 mm, and 20 mm) in a pipe diameter of 32 mm. The orifice spacing was 500 mm in all cases. Superficial gas (air) velocity was varied over a range from 0.02 m/s to 1.0 m/s and superficial liquid (water) velocity from 0.03 m/s to 0.85 m/s. Different flow patterns under different flow conditions were identified and a generalised flow map is presented. Variations in hold‐ups and pressure drop with flow patterns have been explained. Rational correlations have been developed for fractional phase hold‐ups and pressure drop. A preliminary comparison of two phase gas‐liquid flow in a horizontal pipe with orifice obstructions (to be called orifice pipe reactor), as a gas‐liquid contacting device, is made with a conventional bubble column reactor. Recommendations have been made for future work.
A multiwavelength distance-measuring instrument for geophysical experiments (1976)

A multiwavelength distance-measuring (MWDM) instrument that utilizes the dispersive nature of the atmosphere has been developed and tested. With this instrument there is no need for the usual meteorological observations and corrections. This MWDM instrument simultaneously measures the optical path length at three wavelengths, two in the optical region of the spectrum and one in the microwave region. The instrument calculates correction terms from the optical path length differences and then computes the corrected base line distance, the first-order effects of temperature, pressure, and water vapor fluctuations along the line thus being eliminated. Field testing demonstrated that the instrument was capable of making consecutive distance determinations with a standard deviation from the mean as small as 4 parts in 108. The long-term stability of the instrument was investigated from June 1974 to November 1974. The results showed a standard deviation of 1.3 parts in 107 when the data were fit to a sine wave of annual periodicity. The amplitude of this sine wave was 3 parts in 107, which was in good agreement with the predicted results of a two-dimensional thermoelastic model.
Monitoring Cytotoxic Effects In Non‐Cancerous Cells via Docetaxel (2018)

Therapeutic chemotherapy drugs are known to induce cytotoxicity in both non‐cancerous cells and in malignant cells. However, it is still unknown if the chemotherapy drug Docetaxel induces cytotoxic events in non‐cancerous cells. Our approach to measuring cytotoxic events was H&amp;E staining (hematoxylin and eosin) followed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with Estrogen Receptor α (ERα), Androgen Receptor α (ARα) or Ki‐67 antibodies to determine if the cytotoxicity occurred in cancerous or non‐cancerous cells. In the MCF7 breast cancer cell line, chemotherapy drug Docetaxel induced cytotoxic effects in 44.20% of malignant breast cancer cells and 34.86% in non‐malignant cells as classified according to their response to the ERα antibody with a standard deviation of 26.89%. Patient derived prostate cancer cells grown in mice generated from the MDA‐MB‐231 cell line were also treated with Docetaxel. An average of 28.3% of prostate cancer cells exhibited ARα monoclonal antibody sensitivity, and 28.3% of prostate cancer cells displayed cytotoxic effects after administration of Docetaxel with a standard deviation of 34.3%. In conclusion, Docetaxel was shown to induce cytotoxic effects in both in prostate cancer cells and non‐malignant cells however it induced a greater toxic effect in nonmalignant breast cancer cells. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Predicting spin orbit coupling effect in the electronic and magnetic properties of cobalt (Co) doped WSe2 monolayer (2021)

The electronic and magnetic properties of cobalt (Co) doped monolayer (ML) tungsten diselenide (WSe2) are investigated using the density functional theory with the on-site Hubbard potential correction (DFT+U) for the localized d orbitals of Co atom taking into account the spin orbit coupling (SOC) interaction. The results show that the substitution of Co at the W sites of ML WSe2 is energetically favorable under Se rich environment. We noticed that the Hund's exchange splitting (ΔH_{ex}) is dominant over the crystal field splitting (Δ_{cf}). The induced magnetic moment due to the Co-doped defect is ~3.00 μ_B per Co atom. The magnetic interaction between two Co atoms at the nearest neighbor separation depends mainly on the concentration of the impurity atoms. The calculated value of curie temperature (TC) is increasing with increasing impurity concentration satisfying the Zener model. Based on the results, it can be proposed that the Co-doped WSe2 monolayer is potential candidate to apply in spintronics, optoelectronics, and magnetic storage devices.
Microorganism‐induced or enhanced mediator release: A possible mechanism in organic dust related diseases (1994)

Bacteria were found to trigger mediator release, including histamine, leukotriene B4, and prostaglandin D2. Furthermore, histamine release caused by allergens as well as by nonimmunological reactions was enhanced by bacteria, endotoxins, and spores from molds. Mediator release and its enhancement play a crucial role for bronchoconstriction and inflammatory events in the airways. These effects of allergens, microorganisms, and other noxious agents in dusts may, therefore, in concert be responsible for the symptoms in organic dust related diseases.
Positron Emission Tomography (2011)

Cerebral Blood Flow. Regional metabolic information was first obtained by Ingvar and Franzen (1974), who imaged human cerebral blood flow with xenon 133 in patients with schizophrenia and controls. A normal cerebral landscape was described in the resting subject, with relatively high flows in the frontal lobes and relatively lower flows in temporal and occipital regions; schizophrenics tended to lose this normal hyperfrontal pattern. Statistical analyses revealed that neither frontal nor occipital flow rates in themselves showed significant differences between groups, but that a frontal/occipital ratio did reach significance (1.10 in normals, 1.04 in younger patients, 0.95 in older patients). Ingvar and Franzen (1974) introduced the term hypofrontality to describe this pattern. Such ratio comparisons are a standard feature of much research in the psychophysiology of schizophrenia. Since individual baseline cerebral blood flows differ greatly, like EEG, heart rate, or other autonomic measures, ratios between data obtained at two different scalp locations were used to reveal this effect. Cerebral blood flow studies are reviewed elsewhere (Buchsbaum and Haier 1987; Weinberger et al. 1988).