gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of Anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background at Horizon and Sub-Horizon Scales with the BOOMERanG Experiment (2005)

BOOMERanG has recently resolved structures on the last scattering surface at redshift ˜ 1100 with high signal to noise ratio. We review the technical advances which made this possible, and we focus on the current results for maps and power spectra, with special attention to the determination of the total mass-energy density in the Universe and of other cosmological parameters.
Inter frame coding with template matching spatio-temporal prediction (2005)

A new algorithm is proposed for predicting pixels for inter frame coding without side information. There are many approaches in the past that exploited either spatial or temporal correlations for generating prediction signals of an image in a block-by-block basis. Our method proposed in this paper exploits both spatial and temporal correlations at once to predict the pixels to be encoded. The prediction is achieved by using a template matching mechanism, with reference to previously reconstructed groups of pixels in the same frame or adjacent frames, to fill in the pixels of target regions of a frame. This process is conducted at both the encoder and decoder, and hence allows the decoder to produce the same predictor as the encoder does without any side information. Our coder uses the proposed prediction in addition to conventional motion compensation means. Simulation results show that our approach achieves up to 11.14% of improvements at the same PSNR over a codec which uses conventional block-based motion compensation.
Novel Response to Microtubule Perturbation in Meiosis (2005)

During the mitotic cell cycle, microtubule depolymerization leads to a cell cycle arrest in metaphase, due to activation of the spindle checkpoint. Here, we show that under microtubule-destabilizing conditions, such as low temperature or the presence of the spindle-depolymerizing drug benomyl, meiotic budding yeast cells arrest in G(1) or G(2), instead of metaphase. Cells arrest in G(1) if microtubule perturbation occurs as they enter the meiotic cell cycle and in G(2) if cells are already undergoing premeiotic S phase. Concomitantly, cells down-regulate genes required for cell cycle progression, meiotic differentiation, and spore formation in a highly coordinated manner. Decreased expression of these genes is likely to be responsible for halting both cell cycle progression and meiotic development. Our results point towards the existence of a novel surveillance mechanism of microtubule integrity that may be particularly important during specialized cell cycles when coordination of cell cycle progression with a developmental program is necessary.
Signal detection via residence times statistics: Noise-mediated minimization of the measurement error (2003)

We study the problem of detecting a small dc signal by quantifying its effect on the mean difference DeltaT in residence times in the stable steady states of a bistable dynamical measurement device, in the presence of a noise floor and a known time-sinusoidal bias signal. Errors in the measurement process occur due to a finite observation time that is present in most practical scenarios. The error is found to have a nonmonotonic dependence on the noise intensity; at a critical noise intensity, the error is minimized. This phenomenon, reminiscent of the well-known stochastic resonance effect, can also be obtained by adjusting the device tuning parameters for a given noise floor. The effect appears to be most pronounced for subthreshold bias signals in the strongly nonlinear response regime.
Systemic exposure and lung bioavailability across two different dose strengths of CHF5993 a novel Triple pMDI (2016)

<b>Introduction:</b> CHF 5993 pMDI is a new fixed triple combination of extrafine Beclomethasone Dipropionate (BDP), Formoterol Fumarate (FF) and Glycopyrronium Bromide (GB) being developed in asthma as medium strength, 100/6/12.5µg/actuation (MS), and a high strength, 200/6/12.5 µg/actuation(HS) formulation. <b>Objective:</b> To assess the proportionality of BDP/B17MP (active metabolite of BDP) and the equivalence of FF and GB in terms of systemic and lung exposure, between the two strengths. <b>Methods:</b> Open label, randomized, single-dose, five-way crossover study in 47 healthy volunteers. Subjects received four inhalations of each strength with charcoal block (to assess the lung exposure) and without charcoal block (to assess the systemic exposure) and placebo. Pharmacokinetics of BDP/B17MP, FF and GB, as well as cardiovascular and systemic effects were studied <b>Results:</b> BDP and B17MP systemic and lung exposure were dose-proportional between HS and MS. GB and FF systemic and lung exposure were equivalent between the two strengths. After administration of HS, GB C<sub>max</sub> increased by 22% and 13% with and without charcoal block, respectively, compared to MS. However, this increase did not result in any clinically relevant change in cardiac and systemic effects or a higher incidence of AEs. No clinically relevant effects on heart rate, ECG parameters, vital signs, potassium, and glucose levels was observed after administration of either strength compared to placebo with no difference between HS and MS. <b>Conclusions:</b> Total systemic exposure and lung bioavailability of BDP/B17MP were proportional between the two strengths. FF and GB exposure was equivalent for the two strengths.
An Airspeed Vector Sensor for V/STOL Aircraft (1982)

For some years a technique for airspeed sensing using the ion beam of the positive corona discharge has been under development at Princeton University. This technique employs ions in transit across an electrode gap; these may be deflected by airflow during their transit, and by measuring the deflection one can determine the flow rate. In most ion sensors the relationship is linear and very accurate, which makes this technique particularly suited to low speed sensing. With the specific requirements of V/STOL aircraft in mind, we have applied this technique to airspeed vector sensing, that is, simultaneous resolution and measurement of three airspeed components. Our research has led to a prototype sensor which has demonstrated the following characteristics in wind-tunnel tests: 1) a response to each flow component which is linear and virtually insensitive to temperature and humidity variations; 2) little coupling between the three responses; 3) a maximum measurable speed of 50 m/s, which may easily be increased; and 4) an accuracy on the order of 0.01-0.1 m/s. The sensor is fairly light, and has no moving parts. The paper includes discussion of the principles of the sensing technique, the testing of our prototype, and means for further refinement.
ChemInform Abstract: Physiological Role of Nitric Oxide. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for acute treatment of high-frequency and chronic migraine: an open-label study (2015)

Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation may be effective as acute treatment for HFEM or CM and may help to reduce medication overuse and medication-associated adverse events.
Gold(I)-Catalyzed Dynamic Kinetic Enantioselective Intramolecular Hydroamination of Allenes (2007)

Treatment of benzyl 6-methyl-2,2-diphenyl-4,5-octadienyl carbamate (2a) with a catalytic 1:2 mixture of [(S)-3,5-t-Bu-4-MeO-MeOBIPHEP]Au2Cl2 [(S)-1] and AgClO4 (5 mol %) led to isolation of a 3.1:1 mixture of (R,Z)-3a and (R,E)-3a in 94% combined yield with 96 and 76% ee, respectively. Analyses of concentration versus time and/or conversion plots for the reaction of both racemic and enantiomerically enriched 2a with 1 were consistent with conversion of (R)-2a to (R,Z)-3a in the matched reaction manifold and conversion of (S)-2a to (R,E)-3a in the mismatched reaction manifold via the net anti-addition of Au and N across the internal CC bond of 2a.
Strain‐hardening modulus of cross‐linked glassy poly(methyl methacrylate) (2010)

Abstract The strain hardening modulus, defined as the slope of the increasing stress with strain during large strain uniaxial plastic deformation, was extracted from a recently proposed constitutive model for the finite nonlinear viscoelastic deformation of polymer glasses, and compared to previously published experimental compressive true stress versus true strain data of glassy crosslinked poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The model, which treats strain hardening predominantly as a viscous process, with only a minor elastic contribution, agrees well with the experimentally observed dependence of the strain hardening modulus on strain rate and crosslink density in PMMA, and, in addition, predicts the well‐known decrease of the strain hardening modulus in polymer glasses with temperature. General scaling aspects of continuum modeling of strain hardening behavior in polymer materials are also presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1464–1472, 2010
Mapping Guided Laser Catheter Ablation of the Atrioventricular Conduction in Dogs (1996)

Safety and efficacy of mapping guided laser catheter ablation of the AV junction was tested in a canine model. A total of 43 laser pulses (continuous wave, Nd:YAG, 1,064 nm, 30 W, irradiated spot diameter 2.0-2.5 mm) were delivered in 15 dogs (2-5 per dog) via a novel laser catheter system. Pulses were selectively aimed at: (1) the AV node; (2) the His bundle; and (3) the bundle branches. Laser pulses of 9.7 +/- 1.1 seconds (n = 31) produced reversible conduction disturbances in the targeted segment of the AV conduction system, while pulses of 28.6 +/- 7.9 seconds (n = 9) resulted in chronic block. The dogs survived the procedure without complications. Follow-up was 6.5-10.5 months. Histopathologically, lesions showed clear-cut oval-shaped areas of fibrosis of 0.5-18.0 mm in diameter and 0.5-3.5 mm (transmural) in depth, depending on the irradiation time. Pervenous mapping guided laser catheter irradiation of the AV junction can produce AV block consistently and selectively in the targeted segment of the right ventricular conduction system in dogs. The method is safe and can be performed in a controllable manner by using the catheter system presented.
microspherical laser of ytterbium-erbium codoped phosphate glass - coupling to an external cavity (2004)

National audience
Power Cylinder System Friction and Weight Optimization in High Performance Gasoline Engines (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An ultra-lightweight piston and conrod without small end bush, combined with a ring pack designed for minimized friction is analyzed and demonstrated as an optimized power cylinder system in a high performance gasoline engine. Component and system analysis for optimizing the design, materials used and design features are reviewed, along with durability, NVH and friction testing results. Results are compared to other benchmark power cylinder system components for weight, performance and value.&lt;/div&gt;
Ab initiostudy of isolated chlorine defects in cubic SiC (2011)

The electronic properties and formation energy of isolated Cl defects in SiC were investigated by first-principles calculations. Chlorine was studied in a substitutional position, in either a carbon (Cl(C)) or a silicon site (Cl(Si)), and in two interstitial positions (Cl(i)), either tetrahedral or octahedral configurations. Our calculations revealed that Cl(C) is energetically favored and it is a likely candidate to explain the nature of the experimentally observed Cl incorporation reported in SiC epilayers grown by chloride-based chemical vapor deposition.
Spray Etching of Silicon in the  HNO 3 /  HF  /  H 2 O  System (1993)

Etching silicon with the standard solution in the low regime is investigated using a single‐wafer spray‐etching machine. The single‐crystal silicon and undoped polysilicon etch rate is measured for different percentages of between 0.13 and 0.18% (by weight). The polysilicon etched about five times faster than single‐crystal silicon. Spray‐etching damaged n− silicon out of isolation trench structures is examined at spin speeds of 10 and 1000 rpm by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs. The etch rates are measured from the photographs and compared to the etching of undoped polysilicon at the same spin speeds. Both of these have a linear etch rate. The damaged silicon etch rate varies between one‐half and one‐third of the poly etch rate depending on the spin speed. The spray‐etching at 1000 rpm yields the best uniformity for both the polysilicon and the damaged silicon in the trench. Furthermore, the etch rate of the silicon in the n+ buried layer in the trench is measured and compared with the etch rate on the n− silicon in the trench. The results show a clear etch‐rate dependence on doping. The etch rate of the n+ silicon is about three times as fast as the etch rate of the n− silicon in the trench.
Microgravity experiments in the field of physical chemistry in Japan (2011)

Japan has been operating 'KIBO' (`hope' in Japanese) as Japanese experimental module on ISS (International Space Station) to perform researches on physical, life, medical, space sciences in space. Several research racks and facilities have already been accommodated in the pressurized module of 'KIBO' and some researches have already been carried out. Japan currently has 17 ISS flight projects (including 4 candidates) in the field of physical sciences and also incubates new projects through are search support program named as 'research WG (Working Group)', where 25 research WGs are active in the field of physical sciences. Those include 1 flight candidate and 2 research WGs in the field of physical chemistry. The article introduces those to promote international collaborations.
A novel approach of intravenous electrocardiograph technique in correct position the long-term central venous catheter. (2000)

Intravenous electrocardiograph (IVECG) can correctly positioning the catheter tip by enlarging p wave as it is moved toward right atrium, and it is a safe, reliable and accurate technique. To evaluate the efficacy of wire-conducted IVECG signal and IVECG signal from the port with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) flushed catheter and to compare those with conventional anatomy landmark method was the propose of this study. This prospective study was carried out in 216 patients who suffered from malignant diseases. The correct position of the catheter tip among these groups was confirmed as follows. In group 1 (n = 80), the anatomy landmark method and portable chest radiograph recognized the correct position. In group 2 (n = 72), IVECG signal was conducted from guide wire to identify the tip position. In group 3 (n = 64), IVECG signal was conducted from the port with NaHCO3 (0.8 mEq/mL) flushed catheter to ascertain the tip position. The patient characteristics did not differ significantly among the groups. The duration of operation was significantly (P < 0.001) longer in group 1 than in group 2 and group 3 (45.4 +/- 9.3 minutes vs 35.7 +/- 8.0 minutes and 35.2 +/- 9.7 minutes, respectively). Catheter tip placement times were shorter in group 2 and group 3 than in group 1 (5.3 +/- 2.9 minutes and 6.4 +/- 3.0 minutes vs 16.7 +/- 5.7 minutes, respectively); there was a statistically significant difference between the group 1 and group 2 and group 3 (p < 0.001). Nonetheless, the duration of operation and catheter tip placement time was similar in group 2 and group 3. Early and late complications within the subsequent 3 months showed no significant difference among groups. We concluded that IVECG signal conducted from guide wire obtained a similar efficiency to that signal from the port with NaHCO3 flushed catheter on positioning the catheter tip of the venous Port-A-Cath system. It is recommended to use these methods to facilitate implanting long-term central venous devices.
Noninvasive monitoring of plant-based formulations on skin barrier properties in infants with dry skin and risk for atopic dermatitis (2018)

A daily application of both emollients was associated with increased SCH levels and a stable course of TEWL, pH, and sebum on the forehead except for the forehead when compared with the forearm and leg. Clinically, improved SCORAD scores were noted.
Research on the non-linear conductivity characteristics of nano-Sic silicone rubber composites (2013)

Silicon carbide (SiC) is an inorganic material which has non-linear conductivity characteristics. When mixed nano-size SiC into silicone rubber (SIR), the composites can achieve non-linear conductivity characteristics also. In this paper, the non-linear conductivity properties of 5wt%, 15wt%, 30wt%, 45wt% nano-SiC/SIR composites are investigated. The relationship between conductivity and electric field is obtained. In order to know the effect of non-linear SiC/SIR composites on homogenizing electric field, the electric stress distribution of nonlinear insulation cables termination is simulated by finite element method. The results show that the SiC/SIR composites can homogenize the electric field distribution of cable termination effectively. With the increase of non-linear conductivity level, the electric field distribution of cable termination with non-linear SiC/silicone rubber composite is more homogenization.
Synthesis and fluxional properties of monothio-.beta.-diketonatorhodium(I) diolefin complexes (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and fluxional properties of monothio-.beta.-diketonatorhodium(I) diolefin complexesHoward I. Heitner and Stephen J. LippardCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1972, 11, 7, 1447–1453Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50113a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50113a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Method for measuring density of snow for e.g. pure and applied snow research purpose in modern weather station, involves measuring light attenuation between photoemitters and photodetectors to determine density of snow (2012)

NOVELTY - The method involves placing the snow on photoemitters (El-En) which emit light within the visible range towards corresponding photodetectors (Rl-Rn) located in the snow at a predetermined distance from the photoemitters. The light attenuation between the photoemitters and the photodetectors is measured. The density of the snow between the photoemitters and the photodetectors is determined from attenuation readings. USE - Method for measuring characteristic e.g. density of snow for pure and applied snow research purpose in modern weather station and and hydrogeological studies on flow of water resulting from snow thawing. Can also be used in thermal transmission coefficient characteristic and temperature variation characteristic. ADVANTAGE - The light attenuation between the photoemitters and the photodetectors is measured, so that the dynamic characteristics of the snow can be easily obtained at different depth even at snow fall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for device for measuring characteristics of snow. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of device for measuring density of snow. Photoemitters (El-En) Milling (F1,F2) Poles (P1,P2) Photodetectors (Rl-Rn)
Association between triage level and outcomes at Médecins Sans Frontières trauma hospital in Kunduz, Afghanistan, 2015 (2021)

The risk of positive and negative outcomes correlated with triage level. None of the patients triaged as green died or were admitted to the ICU whereas 90% of patients who died were triaged as red.
Highly sensitive bovine serum albumin biosensor based on liquid crystal (2014)

A highly sensitive liquid crystal (LC) based bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein biosensor is designed. A uniform homeotropic alignment of nematic LC was observed in BSA free substrate which changed into homogeneous in presence of BSA. The change in the LC orientation is found to depend strongly on BSA concentration. This change in the LC alignment is attributed to the modification in the surface conditions which is verified by contact angle measurements. We have detected an ultra low concentration (0.5 μg/ml) of BSA. The present study demonstrates the utilization of LC in the realization of high sensitivity biosensors.
Hitherto Unknown Solvent and Anion Pairs in Solvation Structures Reveal New Insights into High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries (2022)

Solvent-solvent and solvent-anion pairings in battery electrolytes have been identified for the first time by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These hitherto unknown interactions are enabled by the hydrogen bonding induced by the strong Lewis acid Li<sup>+</sup> , and exist between the electron-deficient hydrogen (δ<sup>+</sup> H) present in the solvent molecules and either other solvent molecules or negatively-charged anions. Complementary with the well-established strong but short-ranged Coulombic interactions between cation and solvent molecules, such weaker but longer-ranged hydrogen-bonding casts the formation of an extended liquid structure in electrolytes that is influenced by their components (solvents, additives, salts, and concentration), which in turn dictates the ion transport within bulk electrolytes and across the electrolyte-electrode interfaces. The discovery of this new inter-component force completes the picture of how electrolyte components interact and arrange themselves, sets the foundation to design better electrolytes on the fundamental level, and probes battery performances.
Mechanism of eliminating basal plane dislocations in SiC thin films by epitaxy on an etched substrate (2006)

Homoepitaxial growth is performed on 8° off-axis SiC substrates that are molten KOH etched. The shape of a basal plane dislocation (BPD) etch pit at different stages of epitaxial growth is studied by atomic force microscopy. It is found that the growth steps covering a BPD etch pit are curved, and both the usual step-flow growth and lateral growth perpendicular to the step-flow direction will take place in the pit simultaneously during epitaxy. The lateral growth is usually dominant and “blocks” the path for the BPD to propagate, and thus the conversion of BPDs to threading edge dislocations is enhanced.