gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Dinitriles of Acetylenedicarboxylic and Polyacetylenedicarboxylic Acids.1 I.2 Dicyanoacetylene and Dicyanodiacetylene (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Dinitriles of Acetylenedicarboxylic and Polyacetylenedicarboxylic Acids.1 I.2 Dicyanoacetylene and DicyanodiacetyleneANDREW J. SAGGIOMOCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 10, 1171–1175Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01361a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01361a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views610Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genomic analyses of bacterial porin-cytochrome gene clusters (2014)

The porin-cytochrome (Pcc) protein complex is responsible for trans-outer membrane electron transfer during extracellular reduction of Fe(III) by the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA. The identified and characterized Pcc complex of G. sulfurreducens PCA consists of a porin-like outer-membrane protein, a periplasmic 8-heme c-type cytochrome (c-Cyt) and an outer-membrane 12-heme c-Cyt, and the genes encoding the Pcc proteins are clustered in the same regions of genome (i.e., the pcc gene clusters) of G. sulfurreducens PCA. A survey of additionally microbial genomes has identified the pcc gene clusters in all sequenced Geobacter spp. and other bacteria from six different phyla, including Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans 2CP-1, A. dehalogenans 2CP-C, Anaeromyxobacter sp. K, Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis, Denitrovibrio acetiphilus DSM 12809, Desulfurispirillum indicum S5, Desulfurivibrio alkaliphilus AHT2, Desulfurobacterium thermolithotrophum DSM 11699, Desulfuromonas acetoxidans DSM 684, Ignavibacterium album JCM 16511, and Thermovibrio ammonificans HB-1. The numbers of genes in the pcc gene clusters vary, ranging from two to nine. Similar to the metal-reducing (Mtr) gene clusters of other Fe(III)-reducing bacteria, such as Shewanella spp., additional genes that encode putative c-Cyts with predicted cellular localizations at the cytoplasmic membrane, periplasm and outer membrane often associate with the pcc gene clusters. This suggests that the Pcc-associated c-Cyts may be part of the pathways for extracellular electron transfer reactions. The presence of pcc gene clusters in the microorganisms that do not reduce solid-phase Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxides, such as D. alkaliphilus AHT2 and I. album JCM 16511, also suggests that some of the pcc gene clusters may be involved in extracellular electron transfer reactions with the substrates other than Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxides.
Approximate Principal Direction Trees (2012)

We introduce a new spatial data structure for high dimensional data called the \\emph{approximate principal direction tree} (APD tree) that adapts to the intrinsic dimension of the data. Our algorithm ensures vector-quantization accuracy similar to that of computationally-expensive PCA trees with similar time-complexity to that of lower-accuracy RP trees. APD trees use a small number of power-method iterations to find splitting planes for recursively partitioning the data. As such they provide a natural trade-off between the running-time and accuracy achieved by RP and PCA trees. Our theoretical results establish a) strong performance guarantees regardless of the convergence rate of the power-method and b) that $O(\\log d)$ iterations suffice to establish the guarantee of PCA trees when the intrinsic dimension is $d$. We demonstrate this trade-off and the efficacy of our data structure on both the CPU and GPU.
Does Political Instability Lead to Higher Inflation? A+L2990 Panel Data Analysis (2005)

This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2020)

Magnetic resonance imaging is a technique to obtain images based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals generated by nuclei under a strong magnetic field. Hemoglobin magnetic properties depend upon bonding with oxygen. Superconducting magnets are advantageous in that they can generate a strong magnetic field approaching a maximum of 10 T and the generated magnetic field is highly stable over time. Because permanent magnets do not require cooling, they are easy to maintain and are used in low magnetic field devices. Immediately after the strength of the external magnetic field applied to the nuclear spin changes abruptly or when the nuclear spin moves between Zeeman levels due to NMR, the magnetization temporarily deviates from the state of thermal equilibrium. The local magnetic field strength is different for each nucleus and varies with time. This acts in a direction to disassemble the orientation of the magnetic moments of the nuclei.
Effects of Atmospheric Water Vapor on Infrared Interferometry (2004)

Water vapor, while usually a small contributor to the atmospheric refractive index for astronomical observations at IR wavelengths, is highly dispersive and can introduce optical path length errors affecting high‐precision interferometer observing modes. The refractive index of atmospheric water vapor can be computed from a summation over the various IR resonances, and we present values over a range of 1.2–13.5 μm. The dispersion of water vapor introduces phase errors across the instrument passband and produces excess noise in interferometer group delay, residual errors in cophasing using a different source wavelength, and coherence loss over broad optical bandwidths. We quantify these effects for the J through N bands, discuss means of amelioration, and consider their implications for differential phase and nulling observing modes.
1-METHYL-π-ALLYLIRONTRICARBONYL CHLORIDE (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1-METHYL-π-ALLYLIRONTRICARBONYL CHLORIDEF. J. Impastato and K. G. IhrmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 17, 3726–3727Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01478a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01478a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Histopathology of Tumor Regression After Intralesional Injection of Mycobacferium bovis . IV. Development of Immunity to Tumor Cells and BCG 2 (1973)

Journal Article Histopathology of Tumor Regression After Intralesional Injection of Mycobacferium bovis. IV. Development of Immunity to Tumor Cells and BCG Get access M. G. Hanna, Jr., M. G. Hanna, Jr. 3Carcinogenesis Program, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. J. Snodgrass, M. J. Snodgrass 3Carcinogenesis Program, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. Zbar, B. Zbar 4Biology Branch, Carcinogenesis Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. J. Rapp H. J. Rapp 4Biology Branch, Carcinogenesis Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 6, December 1973, Pages 1897–1908, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.6.1897 Published: 01 December 1973 Article history Received: 25 May 1973 Accepted: 08 August 1973 Published: 01 December 1973
Spectrum Bias in the Evaluation of Diagnostic Tests: Lessons from the Rapid Dipstick Test for Urinary Tract Infection (1992)

The leukocyte esterase and bacterial nitrite dipstick test for UTI is susceptible to spectrum bias, which may be responsible for differences in the test's sensitivity reported in previous studies. As a more general principle, diagnostic tests may have different sensitivities or specificities in different parts of the clinical spectrum of the disease they purport to identify or exclude, but studies evaluating such tests rarely report sensitivity and specificity in subgroups defined by clinical symptoms. When diagnostic tests are evaluated, information about symptoms in the patients recruited for study should be included, and analyses should be done within appropriate clinical subgroups so that clinicians may decide if reported sensitivities and specificities are applicable to their patients.
Analytical separation and purification of gases by fractional distillation and rectification at low temperatures (1941)

This paper describes the apparatus and general procedures used at this Bureau for the separation of gases by distillation and r ectification at low t emperatures.The subject is treat ed from two viewpoints-analytical separation, and the preparation of pure gases.
On Zone Refining (1955)

A matrix method is used to solve the difference equations which describe the zone refining of a bar. The matrix method is designed for direct numerical calculation of the solute distribution, after any number of passes, with any initial solute distribution. The method is illustrated with a simple example.
Passive harmonic filter design scheme for subsea cable applications with 6-pulse variable frequency drives (2009)

Parallel resonance is common in offshore distribution systems with lengthy subsea cables and variable frequency drives (VFDs). Traditional passive harmonic filter design scheme for 6-pulse VFDs is general acceptable when all filters are functioning properly, but when the interlocking control switches off all filters due to individual filter failure, the offshore system is exposed to rich harmonic content and could experience equipment malfunction or even the system shut down. A more reliable filter design scheme is urgently needed by offshore industry. A practical and effective single-tuned passive harmonic filter design scheme is proposed in this paper. The control strategy of the proposed filter design is slightly more complicated than that of the traditional one, and the conductor of each sub-filter needs to be oversized. However, the chance that all filters must be switched off due to individual filter failure is greatly reduced.
Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Zyrox Fly Granular Bait Against Asian and German Cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) (2016)

The Asian cockroach (Blattella asahinai Mizukubo) was introduced to Florida in 1986 and has since spread throughout the Southeastern United States. Blattella asahinai is a peridomestic pest and high population densities in residential areas can become a nuisance, especially when adults fly into homes. Few studies to date have been conducted on Asian cockroach control, and we evaluated the efficacy of Zyrox Fly Granular Bait and Maxforce Complete Granular Insect Bait against this species in the laboratory compared with the closely related German cockroach (Blattella germanica (L.)). In no-choice and two-choice assays with both species, Zyrox bait and Maxforce bait achieved nearly 100% mortality within two and five days, respectively. We also tested Zyrox bait against B. asahinai in an invasive field population in North Carolina at the label rate (2 g/m(2)) and at approximately three times the label rate (6.9 g/m(2)), and found that broadcast applications at both rates reduced populations by an average of 64 and 92%, respectively, for 35 d after the initial application. Zyrox Fly Bait appears to be effective against the Asian and German cockroaches, and could be another tool in an integrated pest management program, if its label could be extended or the active ingredient (cyantraniliprole) formulated into a cockroach bait.
Ocular Toxicity of Ciprofloxacin/Pssa Fluoroquinolone Antibacterial Solution in Pigmented Rabbits (1996)

The fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin in an ophthalmic solution with polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSSA) was investigated for potential ocular toxicity in Dutch Belted rabbits, a pigmented species, following 3 months of daily topical ocular treatment (four times daily administration).Four groups of 16 rabbits (eight/gender) received 0%/1.5% (vehicle group), 0.3%/1.5%, 0.5%/1.5% Ciprofloxacin/PSSA Ophthalmic Solution, or Tarivid Ophthalmic Solution (0.3% ofloxacin) four times daily to the right eye only. The left eye of each animal was untreated and served as untreated control. An additional group of 16 rabbits was maintained as an untreated control group.Clinical observations noted during the 3 month treatment period were minimal for all treatment groups and were similar to the untreated controls. Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examinations, indirect ophthalmoscopic examinations, and pachymetry evaluations of the study animals revealed that these ocular parameters in the ciprofloxacin/PSSA-treated animals remained similar to the untreated controls throughout the 3 month treatment period. The integrity of the blood-aqueous barrier, as measured with a flare/cell meter, demonstrated that the barrier function remained intact for all treatment and control groups. Electroretinography (ERG) data demonstrated that the Ciprofloxacin/PSSA Ophthalmic Solutions and the Tarivid Ophthalmic Solution had minimal effects on A-, B-, or C-wave amplitudes or latencies, indicating that neither drug caused functional changes in the photoreceptors, inner retinal layers, or retinal pigment epithelium, respectively. Specular microscopy data demonstrated that the corneal endothelium remained normal in the treatment groups.Clinical chemistry, hematology, and gross necropsy observations remained within normal limits for rabbits for all treatment and control groups. The appearance of retinal tissues as well as all ocular and adnexal structures were considered within normal histologic limits in all groups.The ciprofloxacin/PSSA-containing formulations did not produce significant ocular irritation or signs of systemic toxicity following three months of four-times daily topical ocular administration to pigmented Dutch Belted rabbits.
The influence of nitrogen entrainment on argon plasmas created by the `Torche à Injection Axiale' (TIA) (1999)

When a plasma is sustained in the open air, nitrogen will diffuse into the plasma. Especially for plasmas sustained by the `Torche à Injection Axiale' (TIA) this appears to be the case, since this turbulent jet draws gases from the surroundings. In the argon plasma the entrained nitrogen is probably converted into (via charge transfer with argon ions), which is consequently destroyed by dissociative recombination (DR). This mechanism affects the plasma in two ways: (1) it offers an important loss channel for the free electrons and (2) the gas is heated by the kinetic energy of the nitrogen atoms produced in the DR reaction.
Extending the Fatigue Life of Aircraft Engine Components by Hole Cold Expansion Technology (1993)

The split-sleeve cold expansion process has been used successfully for over 20 years to extend the fatigue life of holes in aircraft structures. Cold expansion technology can also be applied to enhance engine low-cycle fatigue (LCF) performance in both production and repair applications. Specific test data are presented showing that fatigue life extension can be attained by cold expansion of holes in a wide range of situations (including nonround hole geometries and low edge margins), and in components subjected to high operating temperatures. A cold expanded bushing system is compared to standard shrink-fit bushing installations. Finally, two case studies are used to illustrate the application of cold expansion to full-scale engine components.
Non-Centrosymmetric Coordination Polymer with a Highly Hindered Octahedral Copper Center Bridged by Mandelate (2012)

A novel chiral coordination polymer, [Cu(C(6)H(5)CH(OH)COO)(μ-C(6)H(5)CH(OH)COO)] (1-L and 1-D), was synthesized through a reaction of copper acetate with L-mandelic acid at room temperature. Although previously reported copper mandelate prepared by hydrothermal reaction was a centrosymmetric coordination polymer because of the racemization of mandelic acid, the current coordination polymer shows noncentrosymmetry and a completely different structure from that previously reported. The X-ray crystallography for 1-L revealed that the copper center of the compound showed a highly distorted octahedral structure bridged by a chiral mandelate ligand in the unusual coordination mode to construct a one-dimensional (1D) zigzag chain structure. These 1D chains interdigitated each other to give a layered structure as a result of the formation of multiple aromatic interactions and hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl and carboxylate moieties at mandelate ligands. The coordination polymer 1-L belongs to the noncentrosymmetric space group of C2 to show piezoelectric properties and second harmonic generation (SHG) activity.
Tuning Point Defects by Elastic Strain Modulates Nanoparticle Exsolution on Perovskite Oxides (2021)

Exsolution generates stable and catalytically active metal nanoparticles via phase precipitation out of a host oxide. An ability to control the size and dispersion of the exsolution particles is desirable for design of nanostructured (electro)catalysts. Here, we demonstrate that tuning point defects by lattice strain affects both the thermodynamics and the kinetics of iron (Fe0) exsolution on La0.6Sr0.4FeO3 (LSF) thin film model. By combining in situ surface characterization and ab initio defect modeling, we show oxygen vacancy and Schottky defects to be the primary point defects formed upon Fe0 exsolution. Lattice strain tunes the formation energy, and thus the abundance of these defects, and alters the amount and size of the resulting exsolution particles. In addition, we find that the density of exsolved nanoparticles matches the concentration of oxygen vacancy pairs, thus pointing to the surface oxygen vacancy pairs as preferential nucleation sites for exsolution. The tensile-strained LSF with a facile formation of these critical point defects results in a higher Fe0 metal concentration, a larger density of nanoparticles, and a reduced particle size at its surfaces. These results provide important mechanistic insights and highlight the role of point-defect engineering in designing nanostructured catalysts in energy and fuel conversion technologies.
Influence of losses and dispersion of the reference line of LRM on the parasitic and intrinsic element values of on‐wafer transistors (2006)

Abstract In this paper, the parasitic and intrinsic elements of the coplanar PHEMTs are determined from S ‐parameter measurements corrected using the classical LRM calibration technique and the improved LRM with a reference line of arbitrary length. For the first time to our knowledge, it is demonstrated that the classical LRM calibration technique overestimates the parasitic inductances. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 701–705, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21448
Object tracking by an optoelectronic inner product complex neural network (1993)

A complex associative memory model based on a neural network architecture is proposed for tracking three-dimensional objects in a dynamic environment. The storage representation of the complex associative memory model is based on an efficient amplitude-modulated phase-only matched filter. The input to the memory is derived from the discrete Fourier transform of the edge coordinates of the to-be-recognized moving object, where the edges are obtained through motion-based segmentation of the image scene. An adaptive threshold is used during the decision-making process to indicate a match or identify a mismatch. Computer simulation on real-world data proves the effectiveness of the proposed model. The proposed scheme is readily amenable to optoelectronic implementation.
[Role of oncogenes in the genesis of hemoblastoses]. (1985)

The recent data on cellular oncogenes and their significance in the origin of leukemias and lymphomas are reviewed. A brief historical note of the discovery of cellular oncogenes on the example of the Rous sarcoma virus and its cellular homologue is presented. The connection between chromosome translocations and oncogene activation as well as implication of carcinogens and genetic factors is elucidated. The proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes are described and possible pathways of their transforming activity are analyzed.
Experimental analysis of clustering structures in magnetic and MR fluids using ultrasound (2009)

The formation of clustering structures in magnetic and MR fluids has an influence on ultrasonic propagation. We propose a qualitative analysis of these structures by measuring properties of ultrasonic propagation. Since magnetic and MR fluids are opaque, the non-contact inspection using this ultrasonic technique can be very useful for analyzing the inner structures of magnetic and MR fluids. We measured ultrasonic propagation velocity in a hydrocarbon-based magnetic fluid and MR fluid precisely. Based on these results, the clustering structures of these fluids were analyzed experimentally in terms of elapsed time dependence, effect of external magnetic field strength and angle, and hysteresis phenomena. A comparison of ultrasonic velocity propagation between magnetic and MR fluid was discussed.