gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Properties and Phenolic Composition of Propolis from Diverse Geographic Regions in Korea (2013)

Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from various plant sources. In this study, we examined the antioxidant properties of propolis from diverse geographic regions of Korea including Jeju Island. Ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP) were prepared and evaluated for their antioxidant properties by β-carotene bleaching, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical-scavenging, 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation decolorization, and ferric reducing/antioxidant power assays. Furthermore, the major constituents in EEP were identified by HPLC analysis with a photodiode array and mass spectrometric detection, and each component was quantitatively analyzed. All propolis samples except that from Hongcheon, Iksan, Aewol and Pyoseon had relatively strong antioxidant activity accompanied by high total polyphenol contents. Propolis with strong antioxidant activity contained large amounts of antioxidative compounds, such as caffeic acid, kaempferol, phenethyl caffeate and galangin. On the other hand, propolis from Jeju Island had weak antioxidant activities and had only a few compounds in propolis from other regions.
Pulmonary dysfunction in surgical conditions of the newborn infant (1991)

Bronchial reactivity contributes to decreased maximal expiratory flow at 25% of FVC, a feature also seen in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome who later develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Babies who require chronic ventilatory support after operation and who have developed reactive airways may benefit from the administration of bronchodilators during postoperative ventilatory management.
Enantioselective Epoxidation of Olefins with Chiral Metalloporphyrin Catalysts (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Testing of a 3D-Printed Solar Micro-Reactor for Hydrogen Production via Natural Gas Reforming (2019)

Abstract This paper presents the design, fabrication, and successful real-condition testing of a solar micro-reactor for hydrogen synthesis via steam methane reforming (SMR). This micro-reactor integrates all the sub-processes necessary for SMR in a network of small three-dimensional channels, making it well-suited for implementation on the commercially available parabolic trough solar concentrators. Additive manufacturing was used to create an operational prototype of this micro-reactor. The prototype was integrated to a parabolic mirror for solar concentration, and tested in real conditions. Complete methane conversion to syngas was obtained with an absorbed solar radiation equivalent to 240 suns, which demonstrates the feasibility of solar SMR at moderate solar concentration.
Dependence of Stem Cell Fate in Arabidopsis on a Feedback Loop Regulated by CLV3 Activity (2000)

The fate of stem cells in plant meristems is governed by directional signaling systems that are regulated by negative feedback. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the CLAVATA (CLV) genes encode the essential components of a negative, stem cell-restricting pathway. We used transgenic plants overexpressing CLV3 to show that meristem cell accumulation and fate depends directly on the level of CLV3 activity and that CLV3 signaling occurs exclusively through a CLV1/CLV2 receptor kinase complex. We also demonstrate that the CLV pathway acts by repressing the activity of the transcription factor WUSCHEL, an element of the positive, stem cell-promoting pathway.
Long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of cervical disc replacement with the Prestige disc: results from a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial (2010)

The Prestige disc maintains improved clinical outcomes and segmental motion after implantation at 5-year follow-up.
An exploration of physical ageing in electrically-stressed polymeric insulating films using the quartz crystal shear wave sensor technique (2002)

The mechanical stress induced by a strong electrical field could be a significant contributing factor to the electrical ageing and breakdown of insulating polymeric materials such as polyethylene. An extensive literature exists describing the nature of the failure of polyethylene under mechanical stress. The initial failure is considered to be the generation of sub-microscopic voids, which coalesce to form a crack, and is accompanied by chain scission and electromagnetic radiation. These features bear remarkable resemblance to those, such as trees, appearing in electrical breakdown. If electrically induced mechanical stress is indeed a significant factor in electrical breakdown, then it might be expected that marked changes in the viscoelastic parameters of the polymer, indicative of morphological change, might accompany electrical stressing. Moreover such changes might appear at stresses well below those for breakdown. To test this there are a number of ways in which conventional mechanical testing at low frequency might be adapted to allow simultaneous electrical stressing. We have adopted an unconventional approach, employing a quartz crystal shear wave sensor to determine the shear wave moduli of polyethylene under electrical stress. The technique has been refined. We are now able to demonstrate that the changes in the mechanical viscoelastic moduli of polyethylene in response to electrical stress are quite complex and polarity dependent.
Frequency-domain parallel multiuser detection for quasi-constant envelope OQPSK schemes with high spectral efficiency (2009)

In this paper we consider a FDMA (frequency division multiple access) system employing OQPSK modulations (offset quaternary phase shift keying) with quasi-constant envelope. To increase the overall spectral efficiency we consider spectral overlapping between different frequency channels. We present an iterative frequency-domain receiver with parallel multiuser detection. Our performance results show that our receiver is able to cope with the strong ACI levels (adjacent channel interference) inherent to spectral overlapping, as well as with the interference between the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) components of the OQPSK signals, even for severely time-dispersive channels.
Implications of Truck Platoons for Roadside Hardware and Vehicle Safety (2019)

Platooning is an extension of cooperative adaptive cruise control and forward collision avoidance technology, which provides automated lateral and longitudinal vehicle control to maintain short following distances and tight formation. The capacity and adequacy of existing roadside safety hardware deployed at strategic locations may not be sufficient to resist potential impact from an errant fleet of multiple trucks platooning at high speed. It is unknown how these impacting trucks might interact with roadside safety barriers after leaving their platoon and what the occupant risks associated with such impacts may be. This research identifies and prioritizes the critical Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware TL5 roadside safety devices for truck platooning impact assessment in order to understand the associated roadside and occupant risks and hazards. Finite element models of the trucks and roadside safety devices are examined using multiple computer simulations for various scenarios. Occupants injury risks during truck collision simulations are assessed using dummy and human finite element models. The results and implications can provide a better understanding of whether any roadside safety device improvements and/or platooning constraint modifications will be necessary before implementing truck platooning.
Spatial Modulation in MIMO Cognitive Radio Networks with Channel Estimation Errors and Primary Interference Constraint (2014)

This paper studies the use of spatial modulation (SM) in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) cognitive radio networks considering the primary receiver interference constraint and the maximum transmit power of the secondary transmitter. In particular, we investigate the effect of estimation errors on the secondary system performance, where a closed-form expression is derived for the average pairwise error probability (PEP) in Rayleigh fading environments. Based on this PEP expression, a tight upper bounded average bit error probability is obtained using the union bound formula. In addition, an asymptotic analysis is conducted and simple approximate expressions are derived to get useful insights on the system diversity and estimation errors' effects. Numerical results, which are validated through simulations, show that the SM is robust against estimation errors.
Numerical simulation of field scale cosolvent flooding for LNAPL remediation (1995)

This paper describes a modeling study which will support remediation of contaminated soils at Hill Air Force Base in Utah. The site is contaminated with a mixture of solvents, jet fuel, and other organic substances which form a separate phase of low density on top of the water table. A test cell within the contaminant zone will be flooded with a cosolvent/water mixture to drive the nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) out. The modeling study is designed to deterine if buoyancy of the flooding solution will cause it to float on top, if heterogeneity of the ground will channel the cosolvent around pockets of NAPL, and the sensitivity of the predicted remediation effectiveness to the uncertainty in ternary information. The modeling effort will use UTCHEM, a 3-dimensional finite-difference flooding simulator which solves mass balance equations for up to 21 components in up to 4 phases.
Isolation and structural characterization of glycosphingolipids of in vitro propagated bovine aortic endothelial cells (1997)

Neutral glycosphingolipids and gangliosides were isolated from 3.7 x 10(9) primary bovine aortic endothelial cells and structurally characterized by immunological and chemical methods. Glucosyl- and lactosylceramide were detected as the main neutral glycosphingolipids (28% and 40% of total orcinol stain, respectively); LcOse3Cer and nLcOse4Cer were expressed to somewhat minor amounts (16% and 10% of total orcinol stain, respectively), and nLcOse6Cer occurred only in trace quantities. No neutral glycosphingolipids of the ganglio-series (GgOse3Cer and GgOse4Cer) and the globo-series (GbOse4Cer and the Forssman antigen) have been detected; only traces of GbOse3Cer were identified by TLC immunostaining. Positive CD15 bands obtained by TLC overlay with anti-Gal beta1-4(Fuc alpha1-3)GlcNAc beta1-R antibody indicated the presence of lipid bound Lewisx antigen, whereas the isomeric Lewis(a) structure (Gal beta1-3(Fuc alpha1-4)GlcNAc beta1-R) was not detectable. G(M3) substituted with Neu5Gc and Neu5Ac in a 2:1 ratio was the major ganglioside comprising about 95% within the whole ganglioside fraction. G(M3)-structures were further characterized by FAB-MS and GC-MS of the native compounds and their permethylated derivatives. C18-sphingosine was the only long chain base, whereas variation occurred due to C(24:0,24:1) and C16 fatty acids. Terminally alpha2-3 sialylated neolacto-series gangliosides with nLcOse4- and nLcOse6Cer (<5% of total resorcinol stain) were found in almost equal quantities, whereas no alpha2-6 sialylated counterparts were detected. Fucosylated gangliosides with poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl chains (sialyl Lewis[x], sialyl Lewisa, and VIM-2 antigen) and sulfoglucuronylneolacto series structures with HNK-1 epitope were not detectable in the acidic glycosphingolipid fraction by TLC immunostaining. Gangliotetraose-type gangliosides G(M1) and G(D1a) (<1 % of total resorcinol stain) as well as traces of G(D1b) and G(T1b) have been distinctly identified by combined choleragenoid-TLC-immunostaining and previous neuraminidase treatment. The expression of dominant glycosphingolipids lactosylceramide and G(M3)(Neu5Gc) was proved by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy of cell layers grown in chamber slides, each showing different plasma membrane and subcellular distribution patterns. The results provide the basis for investigation of the role of glycosphingolipids as cell surface antigens of cellular interaction as well as receptors for blood components and macromolecules of the extracellular matrix.
Histopathologic Basis for a Chest CT Deep Learning Survival Prediction Model in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma (2022)

Background A preoperative CT-based deep learning (DL) prediction model was proposed to estimate disease-free survival in patients with resected lung adenocarcinoma. However, the black-box nature of DL hinders interpretation of its results. Purpose To provide histopathologic evidence underpinning the DL survival prediction model and to demonstrate the feasibility of the model in identifying patients with histopathologic risk factors through unsupervised clustering and a series of regression analyses. Materials and Methods For this retrospective study, data from patients who underwent curative resection for lung adenocarcinoma without neoadjuvant therapy from January 2016 to September 2020 were collected from a tertiary care center. Seven histopathologic risk factors for the resected adenocarcinoma were documented: the aggressive adenocarcinoma subtype (cribriform, morular, solid, or micropapillary-predominant subtype); mediastinal nodal metastasis (pN2); presence of lymphatic, venous, and perineural invasion; visceral pleural invasion (VPI); and <i>EGFR</i> mutation status. Unsupervised clustering using 80 DL model-driven CT features was performed, and associations between the patient clusters and the histopathologic features were analyzed. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to investigate the added value of the DL model output to the semantic CT features (clinical T category and radiologic nodule type [ie, solid or subsolid]) for histopathologic associations. Results A total of 1667 patients (median age, 64 years [IQR, 57-71 years]; 975 women) were evaluated. Unsupervised patient clusters 3 and 4 were associated with all histopathologic risk factors (<i>P</i> < .01) except for <i>EGFR</i> mutation status (<i>P</i> = .30 for cluster 3). After multivariable adjustment, model output was associated with the aggressive adenocarcinoma subtype (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI: 1.002, 1.05; <i>P</i> = .03), venous invasion (OR, 1.03; 95% CI: 1.004, 1.06; <i>P</i> = .02), and VPI (OR, 1.08; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.10; <i>P</i> < .001), independently of the semantic CT features. Conclusion The deep learning model extracted CT imaging surrogates for the histopathologic profiles of lung adenocarcinoma. © RSNA, 2022 <i>Online supplemental material is available for this article</i>. See also the editorial by Yanagawa in this issue.
Recent reviews. 27 (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleRecent reviews. 27Samuel H. WilenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 20, 5551–5556Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00046a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00046a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Circuits of Microspheres for Applications in Integrated Optoelectronics and Controllable Optical Delay Lines (2005)

We report on circuits of optically coupled microspheres with controllable photonic dispersions achieved by tuning the inter-resonator gap sizes. This will include a discussion of device design and modeling as well as experimental results.
The MULTI-ACT model: the path forward for participatory and anticipatory governance in health research and care (2022)

The COVID-19 pandemic has unmasked even more clearly the need for research and care to form a unique and interdependent ecosystem, a concept which has emerged in recent years. In fact, to address urgent and unexpected missions such as "fighting all together the COVID-19 pandemic", the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration, mission-oriented governance and flexibility has been demonstrated with great efficacy. This calls for a policy integration strategy and implementation of responsible research and innovation principles in health, promoting an effective cooperation between science and society towards a shared mission. This article describes the MULTI-ACT framework and discusses how its innovative approach, encompassing governance criteria, patient engagement and multidisciplinary impact assessment, represents a holistic management model for structuring responsible research and innovation participatory governance in brain conditions research.
DESIGN AND MODELIZATION OF ACONVEX GRATING FOR AN HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGER OF THE CHANDRAYAAN 2 INSTRUMENT FOR THE MOON PROBE IN THE INFRARED (2016)

peer reviewed
New Polymer Structures and Polymerization Mechanisms Based upon Cation Radical Cycloadditions (2002)

The extension of efficient cation radical chain cycloaddition chemistry to the difunctional context has recently provided a novel and efficient mechanism for the polymerization of monomers possessing readily ionizable, electron-rich alkene moieties. The new mechanism, cation radical chain cycloaddition polymerization, appears to provide the most efficient method presently available for cycloaddition polymerization and is unique in affording cyclobutapolmers, i.e., polymers in which the monomer units are interconnected via cyclobutane linkages. In addition to cyclobutapolymerization, the new mechanism is also capable of yielding Diels-Alder polymers when one functionality is an ionizable alkene moiety and the other is a conjugated diene moiety. Further Diels-Alder cation radical chain cycloaddition polymerization can proceed either directly or via cyclobutapolymerization followed by facile cation radical vinylcyclobutane rearrangement. The new method is also exceptional in that propenyl functionalities are usually preferred over vinyl moieties. Reactions are typically initiated via catalytic amounts of a stable cation radical salt, tris(4-bromophenyl)aminium hexachloroantimonate in dichloromethane solvent, and are extremely fast, reaching high (often > 100 000)molecular weights in 2-5 minutes. In several cases, polymerizations have also been initiated by electrochemical oxidation and photosensitized electron transfer. Although homopolymerization is usually by far the most efficient approach to cation radical cycloaddition polymerization, a number of copolymerizations have also been investigated and will be discussed in the present review. The recently established use of cation radical Diels-Alder cycloadditions of monofunctional, highly electron-rich substrates such as propenylcarbazoles to generate monomers of interest in conection with ring-opening metathesis polymerization will also be presented. The cycloadditions of various electron-rich monomers to 1,3- cyclopentadiene efficiently generate norbornene monomers , which readily undergo ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) to yield electron rich polymers.
Transition between linear and nonlinear focusing regimes during filamentation (2015)

The transition between linear and nonlinear regimes of focusing for laser filamentation is described and shows the balance between plasma physics and nonlinear propagation for the stability of the laser filament and its properties.
Myasthenia gravis induced by avelumab (2019)

Neurological immune-related adverse events are potentially life-threatening complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare complication of treatment with inhibitors of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD)-1 and PD ligand 1 (PD-L1). We present a patient who developed seronegative MG resulting in respiratory failure while being treated with avelumab for metastatic, treatment-refractory ovarian cancer. Her MG went into remission following steroids and maintenance intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. We conclude that MG is a rare, but potentially life-threatening immune-related adverse event of avelumab therapy. This case provides support to the hypothesis that PD-1/PD-L1 signaling may have a protective role in MG.
Towards online MRI-guided radiotherapy (2015)

First, we present two offline position verification methods which can be used in radiotherapy for detecting the position of the bony anatomy of a patient automatically with portal imaging, even if every single portal image of each segment of an (IMRT) treatment beam contains insufficient matching information. Additional position verification fields will no longer be necessary, which speeds up the treatment and reduces the total dose to the patient. Second, a tool is described which enhances the way tumors can be delineated by using multiple imaging modalities. This tool is especially useful when multiple MRI sequences are available as well as the standard planning CT. We also developed a marker which is visible on MRI and on EPID. A separate CT for detecting the markers is no longer needed. The gold marker with steel core can be detected on various MRI sequences, reducing the overall systematic radiotherapy treatment error.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe MRI linear accelerator (MRL) facilitates continuous patient anatomy updates regarding translations, rotations and deformations of targets and OAR during a course of radiotherapy. Accounting for this information demands high speed, online IMRT re-optimization. Therefore, we developed a fast IMRT optimization system which combines a GPU based Monte-Carlo dose calculation engine for online beamlet generation (GPUMCD) and a fast inverse dose optimization algorithm (FIDO). We show that for the presented cases the beamlets generation and optimization routines are fast enough for online IMRT planning. Furthermore, there is no influence of the magnetic field on plan quality and complexity, and equal optimization constraints at 0T and 1.5T lead to almost identical dose distributions.&#13;\n&#13;\nOne of the most significant effects of the transverse magnetic field on the dose distribution occur around air cavities: the electron return effect (ERE). We investigated the effects of non-stationary spherical air cavities on IMRT dose delivery in 0.35T and 1.5T transverse magnetic fields by using Monte Carlo simulations. Our observations show the intrinsic ERE compensation by equidistant and opposing beam configurations for moving spherical air cavities within the target area. IMRT gives some additional compensation, but only in the case of correct positioning of the air cavity according to the IMRT compensation. For air cavities appearing or disappearing during a fraction this correct positioning is absent and gating or plan re-optimization should be used.&#13;\n&#13;\nFinally, we introduce an online 'virtual couch shift' (VCS): we translate and/or rotate the pre-treatment dose distribution to compensate for the changes in patient anatomy and generate a new plan which delivers the transformed dose distribution automatically. The VCS is the first step towards compensating all anatomical changes (translation, rotations, and deformations) by online re-optimization of the IMRT dose distribution.