gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
First High Gradient Test Results of a Dressed 325 MHz Superconducting Single Spoke Resonator at Fermilab (2010)

A new superconducting RF cavity test facility has been commissioned at Fermilab in conjunction with first tests of a 325 MHz, {beta} = 0.22 superconducting single-spoke cavity dressed with a helium jacket and prototype tuner. The facility is described and results of full gradient, CW cavity tests with a high Q{sub ext} drive coupler are reported. Sensitivities to Q disease and externally applied magnetic fields were investigated. Results are compared to bare cavity results obtained prior to hydrogen degassing and welding into the helium jacket.
Design and analysis of ophthalmic progressive addition lenses (1998)

Progressive addition ophthalmic lenses (PALs) are gaining wider acceptance among consumers to remedy presbyopia, the gradual loss of visual accommodation with age. PALs were originally introduced in the 1950s as an alternative to bifocal and trifocal designs. PALs allow continuous accommodation for objects over a range of distances (instead of at discrete distances).
New Developments in the Chemistry and Biology of the Bioactive Constituents of Tanshen (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Jump and Shift Method for Multi-Objective Optimization (2011)

Smart energy management system (SEMS) is a core part of a smart grid system, which can make this system more intelligent. The final goal of SEMS is to lay a groundwork which would allow efficient management of the smart grid by minimizing the operating costs and by reducing the emission level while meeting the load demand. In this paper, a new technique called as the jump and shift method is developed to handle the multi-objective optimization in SEMS. A 14-bus microgrid (MG) and a 112-bus power system are used to verify the multi-objective optimization algorithm based on the jump and shift method. The results show that the proposed technique performs very well, and it can be used to solve the multi-objective optimization in SEMS for smart grids.
Carrier synchronization for homodyne and heterodyne detection of optical quadriphase-shift keying (1992)

Through analysis and simulation, the authors investigated the performance of four carrier-synchronization techniques suitable for both homodyne and heterodyne detection of optical quadriphase-shift keying: the discrete-time decision-directed loop, the analog decision-directed loop, the Costas quadriphase loop, and the fourth-power phase-locked loop. Accounting for shot noise, laser phase noise, and feedback delay, they optimize the loop natural frequency and specify laser-linewidth requirements. The performance discrepancy between the best and worst of these loops is found to be small; accounting for inherent loop delays only, the linewidth requirements range from Delta vT<2.5*10/sup -5/ to Delta vT<5.2*10/sup -5/, where Delta v is the beat laser linewidth and T is the baud interval. Hence other considerations, such as ease of implementation, will govern the design choice for most practical systems. For the case when propagation delays in the feedback loop are significant, a simple and accurate method for estimating the laser-linewidth requirement and corresponding optimal natural frequency is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Real-time Eye Detection Method Robust to Facial Pose Variations Using Gradient Directional Features and Particle Filter (2013)

In this paper, we propose an eye detection method that is robust to facial pose changes using gradient directional features of brightness and a particle filter. The rejection function of incorrect eye detection in the proposed method allows for the eye detection again even if the eye is incorrectly detected. In this method, to estimate the boundary between the iris and sclera or eyelid, the gradient intensities are calculated by four directional Prewitt filters in four regions. The likelihood used in the particle filter is obtained by averaging the gradient intensities for the specific direction in the four regions and the upper eyelid area. From experimental results, the average detection rates of both eyes for roll, yaw, and pitch angles of the face are more than 90% by using rejection function for incorrect eye detection. The rejection function produces the 4.4%, 4.5%, and 4.9% increases in average detection rates of both eyes for roll, yaw, and pitch facial angles, respectively. The proposed eye detection method can track both eye in real-time (about 20 ms) and is robust to the facial pose changes.
ChemInform Abstract: IMINO‐BRIDGED HETEROCYCLES. I. A DERIVATIVE OF BENZO(5,6)CYCLOHEPTA(1,2‐B)PYRIDIN‐5,11‐IMINE (1983)

Abstract Aus dem Keton (Ia) entsteht das Imin (Ib), das zu (II) reduziert werden kann.
Magnetic properties of Sm2Fe17Cx compounds (1991)

A systematic investigation of the magnetic and structural properties of as-cast Sm2Fe17Cx compounds with 0≤x≤1.5 has been made with x-ray diffraction, thermomagnetic analysis, and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry. Crystal structure studies have shown that the ternary carbides form a rhombohedral Th2Zn17-type structure. The lattice constants at room temperature increase with x, indicating that carbon substitutes interstitially. The Curie temperature increases strongly with x from TC = 130 °C for x=0 to 247 °C for x=1.5. The introduction of interstitial carbon atoms into the 2:17 structure leads to a dramatic change in the magnetic anisotropy of Sm2Fe17Cx compounds. The value of K1 increases with increasing x, and a transition from an ‘‘easy-plane’’ to an ‘‘easy-axis’’ anisotropy takes place.
Clinical, Radiographic and Histological Evaluation of the Plastic Spiked Washer in the Dog (1998)

Summary Plastic spiked washers and metal washers were implanted in the periarticular soft tissues of six joints in three experimental dogs. These dogs were followed clinically and radiographically over a 16 week time frame, at which time they were euthanatized and histological evaluation was obtained. Differences were not observed clinically nor radiographically between joints, nor between locations, with the different implant devices throughout the time frame investigated in the experimental dogs. Histological evaluation revealed a very minimal to mild, fundamentally identical inflammatory response to all of the implants in all of the specimens; however, in three specimens (plastic spiked washers), very infrequent lesions of a few randomly scattered microgranulomas, surrounded by a fibrous connective tissue envelope, were observed. The histological response of a limited inflammatory reaction was comparable to the positive controls using metal washers in the experimental dogs, despite the few microgranulomas observed. A clinical retrospective evaluation of 31 joints in 29 dogs from 1992 to 1996, in which a plastic spiked washer was implanted, also was performed. Long term follow up (mean 2.6 years) of 21 dogs in the clinical case series revealed no complications related to infection or a foreign-body reaction. Both the experimental and clinical studies supported the authors’ impression that the plastic spiked washer is well tolerated over the long term. A 16 week experimental study was performed in three dogs (six joints) in order to evaluate if any clinical, radiographic or histological differences could be found in the periarticular soft tissues with implantation of either a plastic spiked washer or a metal washer. No differences were observed clinically or radiographically between joints, or between locations, with the different implants. Histological evaluation revealed a very minimal to mild inflammatory response to all of the implants; however, a few very infrequent and randomly scattered microgranulomas were observed in response to the plastic spiked washers.
Teaching Mode Exploration Basing on the Text of New Horizon College English Text Book for Reading and Writing (2017)

The New Horizon College English Text Book for Reading and Writing embodies the application-oriented designing concept that combines listening, speaking, reading and writing. It puts students’ comprehensive application ability at the forefront. The core is to develop students’ ability to comprehensively applying language. Teachers must use this as the basis for selecting teaching mode in the process of using teaching materials. This paper takes New Horizon College English Text Book for Reading and Writing as an example, combining with practical experience, to discuss how to teach the text, and to propose the teaching mode, which contains vocabulary, discourse and linguistic points, and cognition strategy. For vocabulary teaching, the ability, which truly enables learners to understand and use words accurately, needs to emphasize learning vocabulary in communication through systematic principle, communication principle, cultural principle, cognitive principle, and emotional principle. Discourse teaching is the main body of the text teaching, main mean and approach to develop students’ ability of rapid reading and understanding. It requires teaching the text as an organic integrity, and first, it must be understood and explained. For linguistic point teaching, students are more opposed to simply making a list of language usages and then exemplifying them. In fact, students are more in favor of “connecting, discovering rules, understanding and memorizing, exercising key points, and using reverse thinking to standardize the language.” Overall, text teaching design is the main body of in-class teaching. And in-class activities should focus on this subject, as well. The in-class teaching activities should be a mind-innovation process including learning, thinking, deliberating, inquiring, reasoning and judging. Therefore, teachers should focus on these aspects, continuously deepening the text book. In addition, the teachers’ thought will be explored during the process.
Impact of fundoplication on bolus transit across esophagogastric junction (1998)

This study analyzed the effect of fundoplication on the mechanics of liquid and solid bolus transit across the esophagogastric junction (EGJ). The squamocolumnar junction was endoscopically clipped in seven controls, seven hiatal hernia patients, and seven patients after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Concurrent manometry and fluoroscopy were done during swallows of liquid barium and a 13-mm-diameter marshmallow. The EGJ opening, pressure gradients, transit efficacy, and axial motion were measured. The axial motion of the EGJ was reduced in the fundoplication and hiatal hernia patients. The opening dimensions at the squamocolumnar junction were similar among groups, but in each case the constriction limiting flow to the stomach was at the hiatus and this was substantially narrowed with fundoplication. As a result, liquid intrabolus pressure was increased and marshmallow transit frequently required multiple swallows. We conclude that fundoplication limits the axial mobility of the EGJ and leads to a restricted hiatal opening. These alterations decrease the efficacy of solid and liquid transit into the stomach and are potential causes of dysphagia in this population.
Impact Assessment of Immunogenicity of Romiplostim In Subjects with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) (2010)

Abstract Abstract 2517 Romiplostim is a peptibody that increases platelet production via binding to the thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor. This molecule has been engineered to have no amino acid sequence homology to endogenous TPO (eTPO); however, a low theoretical risk of developing conformational antibodies that cross-react with eTPO does exist. The current immunogenicity assessment strategy detects antibodies that bind to romiplostim, TPO, or TMP (the active peptide portion of romiplostim) and identifies any antibodies capable of neutralizing the biological effect of the drug or TPO. In clinical studies, 537 subjects with ITP were dosed with romiplostim; 31 (5.8%) subjects developed binding antibodies to romiplostim and 21 (3.9%) subjects developed binding antibodies to TPO. However, only 2 (0.4%) of these subjects had antibodies that neutralized the biological effect of romiplostim. The binding antibodies detected against romiplostim were not cross-reactive with TPO in the immunoassay and did not neutralize TPO in the biological assay. Pre-existing binding antibodies against romiplostim were detected in 43 (8.0%) subjects and against TPO in 29 (5.4%) subjects. The immunogenicity rates in Japanese ITP subjects (n=46) dosed with romiplostim were comparable to non-Japanese subjects. As a part of the post-marketing risk management strategy, Amgen performed immunogenicity testing on 37 subjects. Of these subjects, 3 developed binding antibodies against romiplostim that were not cross-reactive with TPO. None of these subjects developed neutralizing antibodies to romiplostim or TPO. The impact of immunogenicity to romiplostim on safety and efficacy was evaluated utilizing platelet profile as a pharmacodynamic marker. No significant impact of the antibodies against romiplostim and TPO on the development of adverse events was noted. Grade 3 and above hypersensitivity related events were found in subjects that were antibody-positive and antibody-negative in the same proportion, indicating that these events were not related to anti-romiplostim or anti-TPO antibodies. No clinical correlation could be made between the development of antibodies against romiplostim and/or against TPO and the previous drug therapies or concomitant medications. No correlation between binding antibodies to romiplostim or TPO and platelet profiles of these subjects could be established. The subjects that developed a neutralizing antibody response against romiplostim were associated with a trend of lower platelet counts. The reduced platelet counts could be attributed to the presence of binding and neutralizing antibodies to romiplostim. Alternatively, the lowering of the platelet counts could also be attributed to discontinuation of therapy at the end of study. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Supplementary Material from Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab in Combination with Doxorubicin in Metastatic and Unresectable Soft-Tissue Sarcoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Study inclusion and exclusion criteria.&lt;/p&gt;
Dissecting the Mechanisms Underlying Unusually Successful Human Health Span and Life Span (2015)

Humans age at different rates and families with exceptional survival provide the opportunity to understand why some people age slower than others. Unique features exhibited by centenarians include a family history of longevity, compression of morbidity with resultant extension of health span, and biomarkers such as low-circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and elevated high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. Given the rarity of the centenarian phenotype, it has not been surprising that the use of discovery methods that relied on common population single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to unlock the genetic determinants of exceptional longevity have not yielded significant results. Conversely, gene sequencing has resulted in discoveries of functional gene variants that support several of the centenarian phenotypes. These discoveries have led to the strategic developments of drugs that may delay aging and prolong health span.
WLC17-6: An Enhanced Energy Saving Mechanism in IEEE 802.16e (2006)

In IEEE 802.16e, the energy saving mechanism is an important problem. Excessive listening operations in sleep-mode will waste a lot of energy and shorten the lifetime of a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS). In this paper, we propose an enhanced energy saving mechanism to overcome this problem. An embedded Markov chain model is adopted to analyze the enhanced energy saving mechanism analytically. Meanwhile, a closed-form expression of the average energy consumption in the sleep-mode for the suggested mechanism is presented. We evaluate and validate the suggested scheme via analytical results and simulation results. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed mechanism can obtain better effects of energy conservation to minimize MSS power usage and to extend the lifetime of MSS effectively while not compromise the performance of Service Data Unit (SDU) response time.
On the worst-case performance of the least squares algorithm (2002)

The worst case performance of the least squares parametric system identification algorithm is analyzed assuming the noise is a bounded signal. A bound on the worst-case parameter estimation error is derived. This bound shows that the worst-case parameter estimation error decreases to zero as the bound on the noise is decreased to zero.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
GCT: Gated Contextual Transformer for Sequential Audio Tagging (2022)

Audio tagging aims to assign predefined tags to audio clips to indicate the class information of audio events. Sequential audio tagging (SAT) means detecting both the class information of audio events, and the order in which they occur within the audio clip. Most existing methods for SAT are based on connectionist temporal classification (CTC). However, CTC cannot effectively capture connections between events due to the conditional independence assumption between outputs at different times. The contextual Transformer (cTransformer) addresses this issue by exploiting contextual information in SAT. Nevertheless, cTransformer is also limited in exploiting contextual information as it only uses forward information in inference. This paper proposes a gated contextual Transformer (GCT) with forward-backward inference (FBI). In addition, a gated contextual multi-layer perceptron (GCMLP) block is proposed in GCT to improve the performance of cTransformer structurally. Experiments on two real-life audio datasets show that the proposed GCT with GCMLP and FBI performs better than the CTC-based methods and cTransformer. To promote research on SAT, the manually annotated sequential labels for the two datasets are released.
Detection and Extraction of Target With Micromotion in Spiky Sea Clutter Via Short-Time Fractional Fourier Transform (2013)

In order to effectively detect moving targets in heavy sea clutter, the micro-Doppler (m-D) effect is studied and an effective algorithm based on short-time fractional Fourier transform (STFRFT) is proposed for target detection and m-D signal extraction. Firstly, the mathematical model of target with micromotion at sea, including translation and rotation movement, is established, which can be approximated as the sum of linear-frequency-modulated signals within a short time. Then, due to the high-power, time-varying, and target-like properties of sea spikes, which may result in poor detection performance, sea spikes are identified and eliminated before target detection to improve signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR). By taking the absolute amplitude of signals in the best STFRFT domain (STFRFD) as the test statistic, and comparing it with the threshold determined by a constant false alarm rate detector, micromotion target can be declared or not. STFRFT with Gaussian window is employed to provide time-frequency distribution of m-D signals, and the instantaneous frequency of each component can be extracted and estimated precisely by STFRFD filtering. In the end, datasets from the intelligent pixel processing radar with HH and VV polarizations are used to verify the validity of this proposed algorithm. Two shore-based experiments are also conducted using an X-band sea search radar and an S-band sea surveillance radar, respectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed method not only achieves high detection probability in a low-SCR environment but also outperforms the short-time Fourier transform-based method.
Fractional epidermal grafting in combination with laser therapy as a novel approach in treating radiation dermatitis (2015)

Radiation injury to the skin is a major source of dysfunction, disfigurement, and complications for thousands of patients undergoing adjunctive treatment for internal cancers. Despite the great potential for affecting quality of life, radiation injury has received little attention from dermatologists and is primarily being managed by radiation oncologists. During our volunteer work in Vietnam, we encountered numerous children with significant scarring and depigmentation of skin from the outdated use of radioactive phosphorus P32 in the treatment of hemangiomas. This dangerous practice has left thousands of children with significant fibrosis and disfigurement. Currently, there is no treatment for radiation dermatitis. Here, we report a case series using the combination of laser treatment, including pulsed-dye laser, fractional CO2 laser, and epidermal grafting to improve the appearance and function of the radiation scars in these young patients. We hope that by improving the appearance and function of these scars, we can improve the quality of life for these young patients and potentially open up a new avenue of treatment for cancer patients affected with chronic radiation dermatitis, potentially improving their range of motion, cosmesis, and reducing their risk of secondary skin malignancies.
Oxidation and Antioxidants in Organic Chemistry and Biology By Evgeny T. Denisov (Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia) and Igor B. Afanas'ev (Vitamin Research Institute, Moscow, Russia). CRC Press (an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group):  Boca Raton, FL. 2005. xxxviii + 982 pp. $199.95. ISBN 0-8247-5356-9. (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewOxidation and Antioxidants in Organic Chemistry and Biology By Evgeny T. Denisov (Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia) and Igor B. Afanas'ev (Vitamin Research Institute, Moscow, Russia). CRC Press (an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group): Boca Raton, FL. 2005. xxxviii + 982 pp. $199.95. ISBN 0-8247-5356-9.Gerald B. HammondView Author Information University of Louisville Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 13, 4495–4496Publication Date (Web):March 3, 2006Publication History Published online3 March 2006Published inissue 5 April 2006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja059854fCopyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views268Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (21 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Antioxidants,Free radicals,Hydrocarbons,Organic compounds,Oxidation Get e-Alerts