gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: DARST., EIGENSCHAFTEN UND REAKTIVITAET VON TETRAALKYLAMMONIUM‐PENTACYANOCOBALTATEN (1972)

Abstract 1f P Leitfähigkeitsmessungen, elektronenspektroskopische, elektrochemische und magnetische Messungen eines Gemisches von Tetraalkylammoniumcyaniden und Co(II)‐chlorid in Acetonitril‐Lösung werden diskutiert und zeigen die Anwesenheit des Co‐Komplexes (I) sowie die der Anionen (II) und (III) in von dem Cyanid/Co‐Ion‐Verhältnis abhängigen Konzentrationen.
An update on the occurrence of nematodes belonging to the genusBursaphelenchusin the Mediterranean area (2015)

The genus Bursaphelenchus contains more than 100 species of nematodes. Knowledge of the occurrence of nematodes belonging to this genus is a prerequisite for monitoring issues and control measures to prevent the introduction and establishment of pathogenic species such as Bursaphelenchus xylophilus into forest ecosystems. According to data collected from the published literature and databases such as Web of Science, FSTA, CAB Abstracts, Biological Abstracts and the EPPO Reporting Service, 22 Bursaphelenchus species have been recorded to be present in the Mediterranean region. These species are classified into nine morphological groups sensu Braasch, H., Burgermeister, W. and Gu, J. 2009 Revised intra-generic grouping of Bursaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae). J. Nematode Morphol. Syst. 12, 65–88): abietinus, eggersi, eremus, fungivorus, hofmanni, kevini, leoni, sexdentati and xylophilus, although two species are currently not assigned to a specific group. Movement of insect vectors in international trade of wood and host plants into and within Mediterranean areas is considered the main pathway for Bursaphelenchus species dispersal. Many of the species represent a significant risk for pine and possibly other forest types, an annotated check-list of Bursaphelenchus species in the Mediterranean area, their main features, pathogenicity, host plants and insect vectors is presented.
Cross-lingual knowledge linking across wiki knowledge bases (2012)

Wikipedia becomes one of the largest knowledge bases on the Web. It has attracted 513 million page views per day in January 2012. However, one critical issue for Wikipedia is that articles in different language are very unbalanced. For example, the number of articles on Wikipedia in English has reached 3.8 million, while the number of Chinese articles is still less than half million and there are only 217 thousand cross-lingual links between articles of the two languages. On the other hand, there are more than 3.9 million Chinese Wiki articles on Baidu Baike and Hudong.com, two popular encyclopedias in Chinese. One important question is how to link the knowledge entries distributed in different knowledge bases. This will immensely enrich the information in the online knowledge bases and benefit many applications. In this paper, we study the problem of cross-lingual knowledge linking and present a linkage factor graph model. Features are defined according to some interesting observations. Experiments on the Wikipedia data set show that our approach can achieve a high precision of 85.8% with a recall of 88.1%. The approach found 202,141 new cross-lingual links between English Wikipedia and Baidu Baike.
Semen Analyses in 1,283 Men From the United States Over a 25-Year Period (1996)

Fisch, Harry; Goluboff, Erik T.; Olson, John H.; Feldshuh, Joseph; Broder, Stephen J.; Barad, David H. Author Information
Multi-targeting therapeutic mechanisms of the Chinese herbal medicine QHD in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2017)

Beneficial effects of the Chinese herbal medicine Qushi Huayu Decoction (QHD) were observed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients and animal models. The impact of QHD or its active components (geniposide and chlorogenic acid, GC) on NAFLD liver transcriptome and gut microbiota was examined with NAFLD rats. Increased expression for genes required for glutathione production and decreased expression for genes required for lipid synthesis was observed in NAFLD livers treated with QHD and GC. GC treatment decreased serum LPS, which could be explained by reduced mucosal damage in the colon of GC-treated rats. Further, our data suggest an increased abundance of Treg-inducing bacteria that stimulated the Treg activity in GC treated colon, which in turn down-regulated inflammatory signals, improved gut barrier function and consequently reduced hepatic exposure to microbial products. Our study suggests that QHD simultaneously enhanced the hepatic anti-oxidative mechanism, decreased hepatic lipid synthesis, and promoted the regulatory T cell inducing microbiota in the gut.
Dynamic [1]rotaxanes via a reversible covalent bond and host–guest anion recognition (2022)

Bambus[6]uril-based [1]rotaxanes were formed quantitatively, utilizing a bis(acyloxy)iodate(I) reversible covalent bond and host-guest anion recognition. These novel [1]rotaxanes exhibited a dynamic nature facilitating carboxylate component exchange reactions in acetonitrile.
Local and Systemic Alterations of the L-Arginine/Nitric Oxide Pathway in Sputum, Blood, and Urine of Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients and Effects of Antibiotic Treatment (2020)

Alterations in the L-arginine (Arg)/nitric oxide (NO) pathway have been reported in cystic fibrosis (CF; OMIM 219700) as the result of various factors including systemic and local inflammatory activity in the airways. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Arg/NO metabolism in pediatric CF patients with special emphasis on lung impairment and antibiotic treatment. Seventy CF patients and 78 healthy controls were included in the study. CF patients (43% male, median age 11.8 years) showed moderately impaired lung functions (FEV1 90.5 ± 19.1% (mean ± SD); 21 (30%) had a chronic <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (PSA) infection, and 24 (33%) had an acute exacerbation). Plasma, urinary, and sputum concentrations of the main Arg/NO metabolites, nitrate, nitrite, Arg, homoarginine (hArg), and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) were determined in pediatric CF patients and in healthy age-matched controls. Clinical parameters in CF patients included lung function and infection with PSA. Additionally, the Arg/NO pathway in sputum samples of five CF patients was analyzed before and after routine antibiotic therapy. CF patients with low fractionally exhaled NO (FENO) showed lower plasma Arg and nitrate concentrations. During acute exacerbation, sputum Arg and hArg levels were high and dropped after antibiotic treatment: Arg: pre-antibiotics: 4.14 nmol/25 mg sputum vs. post-antibiotics: 2.33 nmol/25 mg sputum, <i>p</i> = 0.008; hArg: pre-antibiotics: 0.042 nmol/25 mg sputum vs. post-antibiotics: 0.029 nmol/25 mg sputum, <i>p =</i> 0.035. The activated Arg/NO metabolism in stable CF patients may be a result of chronic inflammation. PSA infection did not play a major role regarding these differences. Exacerbation increased and antibiotic therapy decreased sputum Arg concentrations.
Application of synchrotron radiation to TXRF analysis of metal contamination on silicon wafer surfaces (1999)

"Synchrotron Radiation based Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF) has been shown to meet the critical needs ofthe semiconductor industry for the analysis of transition metal impurities on silicon wafer surfaces. The current bestdetection limit achieved at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) for Ni is 8 x 107 atoms/cm2 which isa factor of 50 better than what can be achieved using laboratory based sources. SSRL has established a TXRF facilitywhich meets the cleanliness and stability requirements of the semiconductor industry. This has enabled both industrialand academic researchers to address industrially relevant problems. In addition research is being carried out for theanalysis of light elements such as Al and Na"
PAH in Work Atmospheres: Occurrence and Determination (2018)

This book deals with the sources, distribution, analytical methods, and monitoring of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the occupational environment. It is hoped that this book will make a contribution to understanding the formation and determination of PAH in work atmosphere and that it will make a particular contribution to occupational health projects. Much of the information given in this book has been generating in studies carried out in cooperation with the Norwegian aluminium industry.
Metabolic and immunologic effects of insulin lispro in gestational diabetes. (1999)

Insulin lispro may be considered a treatment option for women with gestational diabetes.
Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase by the Fab fragment of a specific monoclonal antibody suggests that different multimerization states are required for different enzymatic functions (1996)

We have characterized a murine monoclonal antibody (MAb 35), which was raised against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integration protein (IN), and the corresponding Fab 35. Although MAb 35 does not inhibit HIV-1 IN, Fab 35 does. MAb 35 (and Fab 35) binds to an epitope in the C-terminal region of HIV-1 IN. Fab 35 inhibits 3'-end processing, strand transfer, and disintegration; however, DNA binding is not affected. The available data suggest that Fab 35 inhibits enzymatic activities of IN by interfering with the ability of IN to form multimers that are enzymatically active. This implies that the C-terminal region of HIV-1 IN participates in interactions that are essential for the multimerization of IN. Titration of the various IN-mediated enzymatic activities suggests that different degrees of multimerization are required for different activities of HIV-1 IN.
Inhibition of Enteropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EPEC) Adhesion to HeLa Cells by Human Colostrum: Detection of Specific slgA Related to EPEC Outer-Membrane Proteins (1994)

Human colostrum and a high molecular weight colostrum fraction (HMWF; > 14,000D) prevented the adhesion of localized adherent (LA+) O111:H––enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) to HeLa cells. This effect was abolished after absorption with an O111:H––LA+ EPEC strain, but absorption with a LA- strain of same serotype had no effect on the process. A low molecular weight fraction (< 14,000 D), absorbed or not with LA+ or LA–– bacterial strains, did not inhibit the adherence of E. coli to HeLa cells. IgA-depleted colostrum had no inhibitory effect on bacterial adhesion, demonstrating the critical role of this protein in the phenomenon. Heat inactivation of whole colostrum did not significantly modify the inhibition adherence levels. Immunoblots of O111:H––LA+ strain outer-membrane complex reacted with colostrum and HMWF showing that IgA antibodies were predominantly reactive with a 94-kD protein. These data confirm and extend observations about colostrum slgA participation in adhesion inhibition of EPEC to HeLa cells and its response to a 94-kD outer-membrane protein.
In vivo and in vitro stimulation of mouse spleen leukocytes by BL-20803, a low-molecular-weight interferon inducer (1975)

BL-20803, a low-molecular-weight compound, although able to elicit circulating interferon in the mouse, failed to protect cultured cell lines in vitro from infection by interferon-sensitive viruses. Of the tissues analyzed for interferon content after oral administration of the drug to mice, spleen and lung contained the largest amounts of the virus inhibitor. Spleen cells from such dosed animals when isolated into in vitro cultures elaborated small amounts of interferon into the culture medium. The time sequence of acquisition by spleen cells of the ability to produce interferon closely correlated with the kinetics of development of the circulating interferon response in the intact mouse. When spleen cells were separated on the basis of adherence or nonadherence to a plastic surface, the bulk of the interferon activity was found to be associated with the adherent cells. Upon exposure to BL-20803 in cell culture, adherent cells and, to a lesser extent, nonadherent cells from untreated mice were stimulated to produce interferon-like activity. The biological behavior of BL-20803 is shown to have striking similarities with that of the structurally different low-molecular-weight inducer tilorone hydrochloride.
Density ranges for dynamic quantification of ventilated, atelectatic and hyperinflated lung compartments by computed tomography (2001)

s and Programme: European Society of Anaesthesiologists; 9th Annual Meeting with the Swedish Society of Anaesthesiology; Gothenburg, Sweden, 7-10 April 2001: Respiration
Pandemics, vulnerability, and prevention: time to fundamentally reassess how we value and communicate risk? (2020)

For over a decade, pandemics have been on the UK National Risk Register as both the likeliest and most severe of threats. Non-infectious 'lifestyle' diseases were already crippling our healthcare services and our economy. COVID-19 has exposed two critical vulnerabilities: firstly, the UK's failure to adequately assess and communicate the severity of non-communicable disease; secondly, the health inequalities across our society, due not least to the poor quality of our urban environments. This suggests a potentially disastrous lack of preventative action and risk management more generally, notably with regards to the existential risks from the climate and ecological crises.
Torsional and strain dysfunction precede overt heart failure in a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy pathogenesis (2023)

Detailed assessments of whole heart mechanics are crucial for understanding the consequences of sarcomere perturbations that lead to cardiomyopathy in mice. Echocardiography offers an accessible and cost-effective method of obtaining metrics of cardiac function, but the most routine imaging and analysis protocols might not identify subtle mechanical deficiencies. This study aims to use advanced echocardiography imaging and analysis techniques to identify previously unappreciated mechanical deficiencies in a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) before the onset of overt systolic heart failure (HF). Mice lacking muscle LIM protein expression (MLP<i><sup>-/-</sup></i>) were used to model DCM-linked HF pathogenesis. Left ventricular (LV) function of MLP<i><sup>-/-</sup></i> and wild-type (WT) controls were studied at 3, 6, and 10 wk of age using conventional and four-dimensional (4-D) echocardiography, followed by speckle-tracking analysis to assess torsional and strain mechanics. Mice were also studied with RNA-seq. Although 3-wk-old MLP<i><sup>-/-</sup></i> mice showed normal LV ejection fraction (LVEF), these mice displayed abnormal torsional and strain mechanics alongside reduced β-adrenergic reserve. Transcriptome analysis showed that these defects preceded most molecular markers of HF. However, these markers became upregulated as MLP<i><sup>-/-</sup></i> mice aged and developed overt systolic dysfunction. These findings indicate that subtle deficiencies in LV mechanics, undetected by LVEF and conventional molecular markers, may act as pathogenic stimuli in DCM-linked HF. Using these analyses in future studies will further help connect in vitro measurements of the sarcomere function to whole heart function.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> A detailed study of how perturbations to sarcomere proteins impact whole heart mechanics in mouse models is a major yet challenging step in furthering our understanding of cardiovascular pathophysiology. This study uses advanced echocardiographic imaging and analysis techniques to reveal previously unappreciated subclinical whole heart mechanical defects in a mouse model of cardiomyopathy. In doing so, it offers an accessible set of measurements for future studies to use when connecting sarcomere and whole heart function.
Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor: structure and function in health and disease. (2003)

In vitro studies using biochemical, pharmacological and molecular approaches demonstrated that the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) is a mitochondrial protein, involved in the regulation of cholesterol transport from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane, the rate-determining step in steroid biosynthesis. In vivo animal models and ontogeny studies validated the role of PBR in steroidogenesis. Targeted disruption of the PBR gene in Leydig cells resulted in the arrest of cholesterol transport into mitochondria and steroid formation. Molecular modeling of PBR suggested that it might function as a channel for cholesterol. Indeed, cholesterol uptake and transport by bacteria cells was induced upon PBR expression. Amino acid deletion and site-directed mutagenesis studies identified a cholesterol recognition/interaction amino acid consensus sequence in the cytoplasmic carboxy-terminus of the receptor. In vitro reconstitution experiments demonstrated that the 18 kDa PBR protein binds with high affinity both drug ligands and cholesterol, suggesting that this protein might serve numerous functions considering the critical role of cholesterol in membrane biogenesis and human pathology. In this context, PBR expression correlated with the quality of kidney preservation, indicating that it might serve as an index of kidney and mitochondrial viability during ischemia-reperfusion injury. PBR overexpression was also found to be a prognostic indicator of the aggressive phenotype in breast, colorectal and prostate cancers. Moreover, in Alzheimer's disease brain specimens, PBR levels were increased and paralleled the elevated neurosteroid synthesis observed in specific brain areas. The role for PBR in these pathological conditions remains to be elucidated. paralleled the elevated neurosteroid synthesis observed in specific brain areas. The role for PBR in these pathological conditions remains to be elucidated.
Combining optimisation and simulation using logic-based Benders decomposition (2023)

Operations Research practitioners often want to model complicated functions that are difficult to encode in their underlying optimisation framework. A common approach is to solve an approximate model, and then use a simulation to evaluate the true objective value of one or more solutions. We propose a new approach to integrating simulation into the optimisation model itself. The idea is to run the simulation at each incumbent solution to a master problem. The simulation results are then used to guide the trajectory of the optimisation model itself using logic-based Benders cuts. We test the approach on a class of stochastic resource allocation problems with monotonic performance measures. We derive strong novel Benders cuts that are provably valid for all problems of the given form. We consider two concrete examples: a nursing home shift scheduling problem, and an airport check in counter allocation problem. While previous papers on these applications could only approximately solve realistic instances, we are able to solve them exactly within a reasonable amount of time. Moreover, while those papers account for the inherent variance of the problem by including estimates of the underlying random variables as model parameters, we are able to compute sample-average approximations to optimality with up to 100 scenarios.
BACTERIOLOGICAL TESTING OF MILK FOR REGULATORY PURPOSES–USEFULNESS OF CURRENT PROCEDURES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CHANGE (1971)

The present systems for bacteriological testing of raw milk for quality and regulatory purposes are briefly discussed. Recommendations are made to partially bridge the lack of relationship between test results and farm conditions. These suggestions include: (a) further standardization of “standard methods”; (b) an increase in training and supervision of testing personnel; (c) use of more milking time inspections; (d) the revision of routine agar plate count testing to include automation, selective media, and enhanced colony productivity by the use of lower incubation temperatures and longer incubation times; (e) making results of bacteriological testing more readily available and understandable to the producer and the fieldman; and (f) increasing the stringency of our bacterial standards for raw milk.
Corrigendum: Clinical manifestations of Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus lytic activation: multicentric Castleman disease (KSHV–MCD) and the KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (2017)

In the original article, there was a mistake in Table 2 as published. The units for C reactive protein were incorrect, and should be mg/L. The corrected Table 2 appears below. The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way.
High efficiency THIPWM three-phase inverter for grid connected system (2010)

This paper presents a grid connected system. Three phase DC-AC inverters used to convert the regulated DC power to AC power suitable for grid connection. Third harmonic injection PWM (THIPWM) was employed to reduce the total harmonic distortion and for maximum use of the voltage source. DSP was used to generate the accurate THIPWM for grid connection, by synchronizing the inverter voltage with the grid voltage. The application of THIPWM to parallel connected inverter reduces the total harmonic distortion and increases efficiency of the inverter. Experimental results validate the developed model and the proposed system.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma: consensus document (2002)

2 or 3 studies; D=level 5 evidence or inconsistent or inconclusive studies of any level.
Iterative algorithm for the design of optimal FIR analysis/synthesis filters for overdecimated filter banks (2004)

Recently, much attention has been given to the design of signal-adapted filter banks, in which the filter banks are designed to optimize a particular objective function, i.e. coding gain or a multiresolution criterion, for a particular class of input signals. If we restrict the analysis/synthesis filters to satisfy an orthonormality or biorthogonality condition, but put no restrictions on filter orders, then often times it is known how to choose the filters optimally for the objectives mentioned above. However, such filters are often unrealizable infinite order filters. In this paper, we consider the design of optimal analysis/synthesis filters in which the only restriction is that they must be finite impulse response (FIR) filters. We focus here on minimizing the mean squared reconstruction error for overdecimated filter banks. An iterative method to alternately design the analysis and synthesis banks is presented in which the error is monotonic nonincreasing for each iteration. Simulation results provided show the merit of the proposed algorithm.
Parametric collective resonances and space-charge limit in high-intensity rings (2003)

Resonance-driven collective instabilities of charged-particle beams were extensively studied in connection with high-current transport systems, leading to restrictions imposed on the zero-current phase advance. In this paper, we discuss application of such parametric instabilities to circular machines. This effect is directly related to the space-charge limit in rings and its understanding is of crucial importance. Its relation to the coherent resonance condition of an integer type is explained. Practical application of such resonant responses to both structural and imperfection driven harmonics is addressed.