gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic variation in TLR pathway and the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in a Moldavian population (2018)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in initiating an immune response to infections. In this study, we examined whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR pathway genes are associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in a Moldavian population. Thirty-four SNPs in genes associated with the TLR pathway and two SNPs in ASAP1 gene identified by GWAS were selected for genotyping in 272 patients and 251 community-matched healthy controls. Twenty-nine SNPs passed quality control and were statistically evaluated. SNPs TLR9 rs352139, TLR2 rs3804099 and MYD88 rs4988453 were associated with PTB in females (OR = 0.49, p = 0.0009; OR = 0.51, p = 0.0008; OR = 0.33, p = 0.027; here and below log-additive model with minor alleles assumed as effect associated alleles), while SNP TLR8 rs3764880 showed a significant association in males (OR = 0.44, p = 0.0087). Furthermore, SNPs TLR9 rs352139 and TLR8 rs3764880 were associated with PTB in the late-onset (≥39-year-old) patient group (OR = 0.60, p = 0.0029 and OR = 0.70, p = 0.021, respectively) and SNPs TLR2 rs3804099, TLR4 rs4986790 and TLR4 rs1927906 in the early-onset (≤ 38-year-old) group (OR = 0.53, p = 0.0012; OR = 3.45, p = 0.013; OR = 2.31, p = 0.044, respectively). After correction for multiple testing, only SNPs TLR9 rs352139 and TLR2 rs3804099 in the female group and SNP TLR2 rs3804099 in the early-onset group remained significant. In summary, we show an association of SNP TLR8 rs3764880 with PTB in the Moldavian male population, providing support to previous studies conducted on other populations. Polymorphisms rs3804099 (TLR2) and rs352139 (TLR9) may also be associated with PTB risk in the Moldavian population but their effect is less consistent across different studies. Additional large-scale association studies along with functional tests are required to dissect the relevance of these associations.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Novel Fullerene Derivatives as Model Compounds for Bulk-Heterojunction PV Cells (1999)

Covalent and well-defined oligomer-fullerene donor-acceptor molecular structures can serve as important model systems for plastic PV cells, based on interpenetrating networks of conjugated polymers and fullerene derivatives. Two series of [60]fullerene-oligomer dyads and triads were prepared and investigated with respect to their photophysical properties such as photoinduced electron transfer using photoinduced absorption spectroscopy. We report here on a series of fullerene-oligothiophene-fullerene triads with ter-, sexi- and novithienyl donor moieties and on a homologous series of oligo [phenylenevinylene]-fullerene dyads. Measurements on these novel structures both in solution and in the solid state reveal that the environment plays a crucial role in the formation and lifetime of the various photoinduced charged states in these molecules.
Photoreceptor density in relation to axial length and retinal location in human eyes (2022)

The purpose of the study was to examine the density of retinal photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in relation to myopic axial elongation in human eyes. Using light microscopy, we assessed the density of photoreceptors and RPE cells at the ora serrata, equator, and midperiphery (equator/posterior pole midpoint), and the RPE cell density additionally at the posterior pole, in enucleated human globes. The study included 78 eyes (mean age: 59.2 ± 15.6 years; range: 32-85 years) with a mean axial length of 27.3 ± 3.6 mm (range: 21.5-37.0 mm). Close to the ora serrata, at the equator and midperiphery, photoreceptor and RPE cell density was 246 ± 183, 605 ± 299 and 1089 ± 441 photoreceptors/mm and 56.1 ± 13.7, 45.2 ± 15.1, and 48.8 ± 15.6 RPE cells/mm, respectively. Densities of both cell types in all three regions were positively correlated with each other (all P < 0.001) and decreased with longer axial length (all P < 0.001) and longer distance between the ora serrata and the posterior pole (all P < 0.001), most marked at the midperiphery and least marked close to the ora serrata. The PRE cell density at the posterior pole was not significantly (P = 0.35) related to axial length. The photoreceptor density at the ora serrata (beta:- 0.33) and equator (beta: - 0.27) and RPE cell density at the ora serrata (beta: - 0.27) decreased additionally with the presence of glaucoma. The findings suggest that the axial elongation-related decrease in photoreceptor and RPE cell density is most marked at the midperiphery, followed by the equator and finally the ora serrata region. It suggests that the axial elongation-related enlargement of the eye wall predominantly takes place in the retro-equatorial region, followed by the equatorial region.
Characterization of Defects Inside Single Crystals of Ciclopirox (2009)

Different types of defects observed inside single crystals of ciclopirox (obtained by recrystallization in ethyl acetate) are characterized. Confocal Raman spectroscopy and optical microscopy analyses revealed the coexistence of three types of defects: (i) liquid inclusions containing saturated solution with or without gas bubbles inside these inclusions, (ii) open cavities with the shape of channels, (iii) isolated gas bubbles inside the crystal matrix. It seems that the two first types of defects originate from the trapping of mother solution during crystal growth. The trapped supersaturated solution continues to crystallize inside the defect, until the formation of a negative crystal (liquid inclusion having the shape of a single crystal). This crystallization is associated with a decrease in volume, responsible in some cases for the formation of a gas bubble. However, if the liquid pocket is not sealed when the crystal is extracted from the mother solution, it produces open channels by evaporation of the solvent. The formation of isolated gas bubbles seems to result from another mechanism.
Essential Oil Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Tanacetum argenteum (Lam.) Willd. ssp. argenteum and T. densum (Lab.) Schultz Bip. ssp. amani Heywood from Turkey (2010)

Water-distilled essential oils from aerial parts of Tanacetum argenteum ssp. argenteum and T. densum ssp. amani from Turkey were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The essential oil of T. argenteum ssp. argenteum was characterized with alpha-pinene 36.7%, beta-pinene 27.5% and 1,8-cineole 9.8%. T. densum ssp. amani was characterized with beta-pinene 27.2%, 1,8-cineole 13.1%, alpha-pinene 9.7% and p-cymene 8.9%. Antibacterial activity of the oils were evaluated for five Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacteria by using a broth microdilution assay. The highest inhibitory activity was observed against Bacillus cereus for T. argenteum ssp. argenteum oil (125 microg/mL) when compared with positive control chloramphenicol it showed the same inhibition potency. However, the same oil showed lower inhibitory activity against B. subtilis when compared. The oil of T. densum ssp. amani did not show significant activity against the tested microorganisms. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the T. argenteum ssp. argenteum oil was investigated for 15 and 10 mg/mL concentrations. However, the oil did not show significant activity when compared to positive control alpha-tocopherol. Both oils showed toxicity to Vibrio fischeri in the TLC-bioluminescence assay.
In-vitro degradation of calcium phosphate bone substitutes (2015)

Ce travail de these a eu comme objectif la mise en place et la validation d'une methodologie experimentale pour le suivi de l'evolution in-vitro de substituts osseux a base de phosphates de calcium. Du phosphate dicalcique dihydrate (DCPD, CaHPO4·2H2O) et du phosphate tricalcique beta (b-TCP, b-Ca3(PO4)2) ont ete choisis comme materiaux modeles de deux grandes classes de substituts osseux: les biosolubles (sujets a dissolution apres implantation) et les bioresorbables (sujets a resorption cellulaire apres implantation). Pour l'etude des phenomenes de dissolution et de reprecipitation observes lorsque les phosphates de calcium sont plonges en solution, ces materiaux ont ete produits sous forme d'echantillons microporeux (60% de porosite pour le DCPD, 75% pour le b-TCP) et soumis a des tests de dissolution in-vitro en conditions statiques ou dynamiques (sans ou avec renouvellement du liquide) dans differentes solutions tamponnees a pH physiologique (TRIS et PBS) et pour des durees s'etalant entre 30 minutes et 2 mois. L'analyse des proprietes physico-chimiques, microstructurales et mecaniques des echantillons avant et apres immersion a permis d evaluer l'influence du type de milieu et des conditions de test choisies sur l'evolution des echantillons. Une attention particuliere a ete pretee a la caracterisation mecanique: la technique de micro-indentation instrumentee spherique a ete preferee a autres essais plus conventionnels. Cette technique permet d'evaluer plusieurs parametres tels que la durete et le module de Young de facon quasi non-destructive et a une echelle locale. En consequence, l'utilisation de la micro-indentation s'est averee d'une grande aide pour le suivi des caracteristiques d'echantillons degrades qui presentaient un gradient de proprietes entre la surface (ou le processus de degradation commence) et le cœur (sujet a des changements sur plus long terme). La derniere partie de cette etude a ete dediee a l etude du deuxieme phenomene qui entraine la resorption de substituts osseux in-vivo, a savoir la resorption cellulaire. Pour cela des essais cellulaires avec des cellules precurseurs d'osteoclastes ont ete realises sur des echantillons denses de b-TCP pur ou dope avec 5% molaire de magnesium. L'addition de cet element est censee modifier les proprietes du materiau (notamment sa solubilite) et, par consequence, modifier le comportement cellulaire. Les resultats des tests ont confirme la cytocompatibilite des deux types de b-TCP, mais ont egalement mis en avant une difficulte d'activation des osteoclastes. Deux des causes possibles seraient liees a la topographie de surface des echantillons et au relargage des ions calcium suite a la dissolution du materiau.
The effect of chromophore charge on the incorporation efficiency of fluorescence-labeled nucleotides catalyzed by Taq DNA polymerase in matrix synthesis (2015)

The effect of the chromophore charge on the efficiency of incorporation of fluorescent-labeled nucleotides into DNA during PCR was studied using three dUTP derivatives that contain different fluorescent labels, i.e., electroneutral, positively charged, and negatively charged Cy5 analogs. dUTP labeled with an electroneutral Cy5 analog was shown to be most efficiently incorporated into DNA when Tag polymerase was used in PCR.
Evaluation of Different α-Galactosyl Glycoconjugates for Use in Xenotransplantation (2002)

Porcine organs are rapidly rejected after transplantation into primate recipients due to the presence of preexisting immunoglobulins that bind to terminal galactose alpha1,3 galactose residues (alpha-galactosyl) present on porcine glycoproteins and glycolipids. Currently available immunosuppressive reagents have been largely ineffective at controlling the synthesis of these anti-Gal antibodies. Nonantigenic hapten polymers have been shown to be effective materials for blocking humoral immune responses in various model systems. We have developed a series of alpha-galactosyl glycoconjugate polymers and tested their ability to block anti-Gal antibody binding in vitro and in vivo. A galactose alpha1,3 galactose beta 1,4 GlcNAc trisaccharide free acid (TRFA) with a hexanoic acid spacer, containing five methylene groups and a carboxylic acid, was produced and coupled to a variety of polymeric backbones including dextran, branched poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and poly-L-lysine. The ability of monomeric TRFA and the alpha-galactosyl conjugates to block anti-Gal IgG and IgM binding was determined using a competition ELISA assay on defined HSA-Gal glycoconjugates and porcine microvascular endothelial cell substrates. We show that branched PEG carriers, with a TRFA sugar attached to each branch, exhibit enhanced antibody blocking ability compared to TRFA, but at higher target antigen densities these simple PEG conjugates are no more effective then an equivalent amount of TRFA in blocking anti-Gal IgM antibody interactions. In contrast, polymers of the branched PEG conjugates and linear conjugates made using dextran and poly-L-lysine were 2000 to 70000-fold more effective inhibitors of anti-Gal antibodies. In a study using nonhuman primates, a single dose infusion of polymeric PEG or dextran glycoconjugates dramatically reduced the level of circulating anti-Gal antibodies in cynomologus monkeys for at least 72 h. Glycoconjugates similar to these might be useful both to block anti-Gal interactions in vivo and to specifically control the induced anti-Gal immune response.
Using Discrete Event Simulation to Model the Economic Value of Shorter Procedure Times on EP Lab Efficiency in the VALUE PVI Study. (2016)

The discrete event simulation of the VALUE PVI data demonstrates the potential positive economic value of AF ablation procedures using the cryoballoon. These benefits include more days where overtime is avoided, fewer cumulative overtime hours, and more days with time left for additional usage of EP lab resources.
Frustrated Lewis pairs: a new strategy to small molecule activation and hydrogenation catalysis (2009)

The combination of Lewis acids and bases that are sterically precluded from forming Lewis acid-base adducts, termed Frustrated Lewis pairs provide a unique route to the activation of small molecules and applications in catalysis.
Manifestation of coherent magnetic anisotropy in a carbon nanotube matrix with low ferromagnetic nanoparticle content (2015)

Specific absorption rate dependence on temperature
Peptides control the gain and loss of allele specificity by mutated MHC class I molecules. (1995)

To analyze the molecular basis of MHC class I allele-restricted peptide recognition, a set of eight Ld/Lq mutants was constructed and tested for peptide recognition by allele-restricted and peptide-specific CTL. The MHC molecules H-2Ld and H-2Lq differ at six amino acid positions (95, 97, 107, 116, 155, 157) located within the alpha 2 domain of the molecule. Both molecules present the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) nucleoprotein-derived peptide RPQASGVYM and the murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) pp89-derived peptide YPHFMPTNL to the respective virus-specific CD8+ CTL is a strictly allele-restricted fashion. All mutated MHC class I molecules did still bind the LCMV peptide and seven of eight mutants retained MCMV peptide binding. The exchange Arg-->Trp at position 97 of Lq in pocket C of the peptide binding groove prevented binding of the MCMV ligand and this loss was compensated by the additional exchange of Ile-->Leu in position 95 (pocket F). Within the Lq molecule, single mutations at either position 97 on the floor of the groove or position 155 of the wall sufficed for a gain of LCMV peptide recognition by Ld-restricted CTL. Altogether, six of eight mutants resulted in a gain of recognition by CTL specific for the other allele. Thus, six of the eight mutants lost MHC-restricted recognition and were accepted by both Ld- as well as Lq-restricted CTL when presenting the LCMV peptide. Only one case of simultaneous recognition of the MCMV peptide by both Ld- as well as Lq-restricted CTL was noted. In other mutations, a gain of recognition by Ld-restricted CTL was associated with a loss of recognition of Lq-restricted CTL. Analysis of extracted MCMV peptide from mutant molecules excluded quantitative differences in presented MCMV peptide as a reason for the lack of CTL recognition. Altogether, the results show that, rather than aminoacids at certain residue positions, individual peptides govern MHC allele specificity of CTL recognition.
Loss-Aware Switch Design and Non-Blocking Detection Algorithm for Intra-Chip Scale Photonic Interconnection Networks (2015)

As the number of on-chip processor cores increases, power-efficient solutions are sought for data communication between cores. The <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Helix-h</i> non-blocking photonic switch is developed to improve physical-layer and network performance parameters for a wide range of silicon nano-photonic multicore interconnection topologies. Traffic benchmarks and practical case studies using a cycle-accurate simulation environment indicate significantly reduced insertion loss providing improved bandwidth density and scalability to manycore plurality. Improvements in system performance parameters are quantified for network bandwidth, transmission efficiency, and latency in popular photonic internconnection topologies, in comparison to previous switch designs. For instance, utilizing the Helix-h switch in a mesh topology, the bandwidth is increased by 112 percent compared to the previously highest performing switch design. Execution time and energy efficiency are improved by up to 92 and 99 percent, respectively, for representative multicore applications. Finally, the technique is generalized to a novel graph-theoretic method for articulating blocking conditions in photonic switches.
Functionalized TiO2 Nanoparticles for Use for in Situ Anion Immobilization (2005)

Anatase particles (40-60 nm) were coated with an organosilane monolayer terminated with an ethylenediamine (EDA) ligand. These functionalized nanoparticles (FNPs) were then treated with an aqueous solution of Cu(II) to create a cationic Cu-EDA complex bound to the nanoparticle surface. Cu(II) and EDA ligand incorporation were confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The Cu(EDA)2 FNP was then studied for its binding affinity for pertechnetate anion from a Hanford groundwater matrix. The Cu(EDA)2 FNP was also evaluated for its injectability into a porous medium for possible application as a subsurface semipermeable reactive barrier. Injection was readily accomplished, and resulted in a highly uniform distribution of the FNP sorbent in the test column.
Through silicon via (TSV) shielding structures (2010)

Three different shielding structures for noise coupling suppression between through silicon vias (TSVs) are proposed in this manuscript. These structures are modeled using the 3-dimensional transmission line matrix (3D-TLM) method, and the model is verified using EM-simulation. The shielding structures are analyzed with regard to consumption area, manufacturing process compatibility, and noise isolation levels in low, mid, and high frequency ranges. Each shielding structure has unique advantages and disadvantages, and selection of an appropriate shielding structure is needed for effective noise isolation.
Terpyridine–Cu(ii) targeting human telomeric DNA to produce highly stereospecific G-quadruplex DNA metalloenzyme (2015)

The cofactors commonly involved in natural enzymes have provided the inspiration for numerous advances in the creation of artificial metalloenzymes. Nevertheless, to design an appropriate cofactor for a given biomolecular scaffold or <i>vice versa</i> remains a challenge in developing efficient catalysts in biochemistry. Herein, we extend the idea of G-quadruplex-targeting anticancer drug design to construct a G-quadruplex DNA metalloenzyme. We found that a series of terpyridine-Cu(ii) complexes (CuL<i>n</i>) can serve as excellent cofactors to dock with human telemetric G-quadruplex DNA. The resulting G-quadruplex DNA metalloenzyme utilising CuL1 catalyzes an enantioselective Diels-Alder reaction with enantioselectivity of >99% enantiomeric excess and about 73-fold rate acceleration compared to CuL1 alone. The terpyridine-Cu(ii) complex cofactors demonstrate dual functions, both as an active site to perform catalysis and as a structural regulator to promote the folding of human telemetric G-quadruplex DNA towards excellent catalysts.
The Readability of Various Color Vacuum Fluorescent Displays Under High Brightness Ambient Conditions (1989)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The evaluation was made on phosphors of seven different colors in current use under high brightness ambient conditions. As the result, the use of an appropriate filter (e.g. Neutral Density Filter of 3.4% transmittance) allows the 3-digit numbers in the display of about 400cd/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; to be read correctly under an ambient illuminance of 50,000 lx, regardless of colors used. On the contrary, when a filter of high transmittance, such as Neutral Density Filter of 10%, is used, the required display luminance in the same ambient differs depending on phosphors; 300cd/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; for reddish orange to 1,600cd/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; for greenish yellow.&lt;/div&gt;
“Click” Chemistry on Gold Electrodes Modified with Reduced Graphene Oxide by Electrophoretic Deposition (2019)

The coating of electrical interfaces with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films and their subsequent chemical modification are essential steps in the fabrication of graphene-based sensing platforms. In this work, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of graphene oxide at 2.5 V for 300 s followed by vapor treatment were employed to coat gold electrodes uniformly with rGO. These interfaces showed excellent electron transfer characteristics for redox mediators such as ferrocene methanol and potassium ferrocyanide. Functional groups were integrated onto the Au/rGO electrodes by the electro-reduction of an aryldiazonium salt, 4-((triisopropylsilyl)ethylenyl)benzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (TIPS-Eth-ArN) in our case. Chemical deprotection of the triisopropylsilyl function resulted in propargyl-terminated Au/rGO electrodes to which azidomethylferrocene was chemically linked using the Cu(I) catalyzed “click” chemistry.
Subcutaneous Starling forces in the unanaesthetized guinea-pig fetus with indwelling catheters. (1981)

We placed capsules in fetal guinea-pigs for measuring the hydrostatic pressure of the interstitial fluid and for collecting samples of interstitial fluid. The vitelline artery and vein were cannulated to measure blood pressures. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure (mmHg) and total protein concentration (g/100 ml) were measured in samples taken from other adult and fetal guinea-pigs and were found to be related by colloid osmotic pressure = 0.16 + 2.32 X protein concentration. The colloid osmotic pressures of fetal plasma and fetal interstitial fluid, calculated from measured protein concentrations, were 10.6 +/- 0.4 mmHg and 9.1 +/- 0.6 mmHg (mean +/- SEM). The hydrostatic pressure of the interstitial fluid was 0.2+/- 0.3 mmHg below intra-uterine pressure and the mean capillary blood pressure was calculated to be 1.3 +/- 0.8 mmHg above intra-uterine pressure. Arterial and venous blood pressures in the vitelline vessels were 29.0 +/- 0.9 and 3.8 +/- 0.6 mmHg above intra-uterine pressure. The ratio of pre- to -post-capillary resistance was, therefore, greater than 10.
ChemInform Abstract: MOBILE KETO ALLYL SYSTEMS. 18. SYNTHESIS AND CHEMISTRY OF N‐SUBSTITUTED AND N,N‐DISUBSTITUTED 2‐BENZOYL‐1‐AMINO‐3‐PROPENES (1981)

Abstract Acetophenon (I) reagiert alkalisch mit Halogenwasserstoff und Formaldehyd zu den Bis‐halogenmethyl‐Verbindungen (IIa) und (IIb).
Safety and tolerability of a new formulation (90 mg/kg/day divided every 12 h) of amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin®) in the empiric treatment of pediatric acute otitis media caused by drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (1998)

Proceedings Of A Symposium: Update On Drug-Resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae And The Management Of Acute Otitis Media