gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of formaldehyde using a kinetic-spectrophotometric method. Part II. Oxidation of N-methyl-substituted-1,4-phenylenediamines with hydrogen peroxide (1990)

A kinetic-spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of HCHO based on its “catalytic” property to oxidise N,N-dimethylphenylenediamine (DMPDA) by H2O2. The sensitivity at optimum conditions with this method is 1.3-fold greater than the corresponding oxidation of p-phenylenediamine (PDA). The condensation reaction step leading to the Bandrowski Base is much slower with DMPDA than with the PDA oxidation process. Other analytical parameters remain virtually unchanged and the detection limit lies in the range of a few p.p.m. However, the N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine is not oxidised by H2O2 even in the presence of HCHO.
Response to Comment on: Pantalone et al. The Risk of Overall Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Glipizide, Glyburide, or Glimepiride Monotherapy: A Retrospective Analysis. Diabetes Care 2010;33:1224–1229 (2011)

We kindly thank Dr. Khalangot for his comments (1). The literature contains conflicting results regarding whether an increased overall mortality (or cardiovascular mortality) risk accompanies the various sulfonylureas (2–5). The reason for this discrepancy is likely multifactorial as these reports differ in terms of their design and study populations, as well as their choice of variables for which adjustments were made, many of which can result in considerable confounding if not properly adjusted. Failure to adjust for variables such as socio-economic status, smoking status, as well as other medications (cholesterol lowering, antiplatelet, and antihypertensive) and comorbidities can result in …
Immunological Profiles in Long-Term Stable Liver Transplant Patients (2012)

Introduction: Operational tolerance, the absence of graft rejection without the use of immunosuppression, has been observed after clinical liver transplantation (LT) in selected cases or uncontrolled trials. Prediction of operational tolerance before immunosuppression withdrawal is of great value. We investigated the immunological profiles of long-term stable LT recipients whose clinical profiles do not differ. Methods: From June 2010 to February 2011, we prospectively enrolled 70 long-term stable LT recipients, and collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells twice at 3 months interval. Inclusion criteria was as follows: (1) >3 years post-transplantation; (2) With a normal graft function for ≥ 2 years (3) without a documented rejection episode. Of 194 long-term LT recipients, patients with episode of a biliary complication (n=70), hepatitis C (n=8), hepatitis B recurrence (n=4), organ transplantation other than liver (n=3), malignancy other than hepatocellular carcinoma (n=4), history of a rejection episode (n=10), recent fluctuation of liver enzymes (n=5), recent increase of immunosuppressants (n=2), recent infection (n=2), autoimmune disease (n=1), and lack of consent (n=15) were excluded. We measured the population of Tregs(CD4+CD25+Foxp3+) and Th17(CD4+IL-17+) cells as well as classical Th1(CD4+IFNg+) and Th2 cells(CD4+IL-4+) using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Results: Median elapsed time after LT was 7.1 years. Mean dose of immunosuppressants was 2mg for tacrolimus, 125mg for cyclosporine, and 1.5g for mycophenolic acid. Mean trough level was 3.4 ng/mL for tacrolimus and 84.7 ng/mL for cyclosporine. Frequencies of Th1 and Th17 were higher in the long-term stable LT recipients than in the normal controls (Th1: 20.12±8.35 vs 10.15±5.24, Th17: 1.15±0.32 vs 0.71±0.25). On the contrary, the proportion of Treg was higher in the normal controls than in the long-term stable LT recipients (3.83±1.11 vs 2.96±0.85). In the scatter diagram of all enrolled patients and controls according to the proportion of Th17, Th1, and Treg, controls were gathered in some areas while the patients were dispersed. Some of the recipients were distributed in the areas of controls. The immunological profiles of the selected patients who were included in the areas of controls did not show statistically significant differences compared to those of controls. Conclusions: Although there are no clinical differences among long-term stable LT recipients, immunological profiles varies. Some of those long-term stable LT recipients would had a possibility for the operational tolerance.
Isolation and culture of human trabecular meshwork cells by extracellular matrix digestion (1996)

Like corneal endothelial cells, human trabecular meshwork cells are believed to be of neural crest origin, but demonstrate physiological properties and an antithrombogenic surface similar to vascular endothelial cells. One current method for isolating trabecular meshwork cells utilizes the motile nature of these cells to migrate away from a trabecular meshwork explant in culture to more distal regions of the culture dish. This 'outgrowth' technique is limited in practice by the relatively small number of cells that migrate per explant per unit time, thus hindering the ability to gather sufficient numbers of cells for comprehensive experimentation. For this reason, we have modified an extracellular matrix digestion technique in current use for the isolation of microvascular endothelial cells to isolate human trabecular meshwork cells. This procedure is both efficient and rapid for isolating large numbers of trabecular meshwork cells and results in the availability of trabecular meshwork cells in sufficient quantities for subsequent experimentation.
Ultrasound sensing using the acousto-optic effect in polymer dispersed liquid crystals (2015)

Acousto-optic effects are demonstrated in polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films, showing promise for applications in ultrasound sensing. The PDLC films are used to image two displacement profiles of air-coupled flexural transducers' resonant modes at 295 kHz and 730 kHz. Results are confirmed using laser vibrometry. The regions on the transducers with the largest displacements are clearly imaged by the PDLC films, with the resolution agreeing well with laser vibrometry scanning. Imaging takes significantly less time than a scanning system (switching time of a few seconds, as compared to 8 h for laser vibrometry). Heating effects are carefully monitored using thermal imaging and are found not to be the main cause of PDLC clearing.
The role of the g-C3N4 precursor on the P doping using HCCP as a source of phosphorus (2022)

This work describes the doping of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with phosphorus performed by 2-h heat treatment of a mechanical mixture of g-C3N4 precursor (urea, dicyandiamide, and guanidine hydrochloride) with hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene at 525 °C. The amount of fixed phosphorus in the resulting g-C3N4 structure reached approximately 10 wt% in the case of the urea precursor. For the other two precursors, the fixed phosphorus content in the final products was less than 5 wt%. Several experimental techniques (SEM, XRFS, TG, XRD, FTIR, physisorption of nitrogen, UV-VIS DRS, PL spectroscopy, and electrochemical analysis) were used to characterize the prepared samples. The photodegradation activity of the samples was determined by degradation of Rhodamine B under irradiation with visible light (420 nm). In general, the photodegradation activity of the samples was dependent on the phosphorus content. The highest photodegradation activity was obtained for urea-based g-C3N4 doped with the lowest phosphorus content, with a threefold increase in calcination product yield. The mechanism of incorporation of phosphorus into the final g-C3N4 structure was explained as a two-phase process.
Abstract P5-14-19: Radiation field design on the ACOSOG Z0011 trial (2013)

Abstract Purpose/Objective: The landmark ACOSOG Z0011 trial established that axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is unnecessary in breast cancer patients with one or two positive sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) who undergo lumpectomy, radiation therapy (RT) and systemic therapy. At a median follow-up of 6.3 years there were no differences in overall survival or local-regional recurrences between patients receiving ALND or SLN biopsy alone. The protocol required whole breast RT using standard tangential fields, but the extent of RT coverage of the regional nodes in these patients has not previously been described. We sought to ascertain this information. Methods: The RT data on the ACOSOG Z0011 trial was collected from case report forms completed by enrolling providers 18 months after enrollment. The response options on the forms included breast, supraclavicular, &amp; other. We reviewed these data and, in 2011-2013, we attempted to identify and contact all treating radiation oncology practices to request detailed radiation treatment records for central review. RT data was sent to the Quality Assurance Review Center (QARC) and reviewed by two independent radiation oncologists, blinded regarding the arm to which the patients were randomized. Results: Of the 891 patients enrolled on Z0011, 35 withdrew consent prior to surgery, leaving 856 who were analyzed in the primary report on trial outcomes.1 Among the 605 of these patients with a completed adjuvant radiation therapy form, 89% were noted to receive whole breast RT. Of these, 89 patients (15%) were recorded as also receiving treatment to the supraclavicular region. Detailed RT records were received on 228 patients: 104/389 (26.7%) and 124/404 (30.7%) on the ALND and SLND arms, respectively. Of the 228 patients, 185 patients (81.1%) received tangent-only treatment. Among these 185 patients, there was sufficient data to evaluate tangent field height in 142 (76.8%). High tangent RT fields (with cranial tangent border within 2 cm of the humeral head) were used in 52.6% (40/76) patients randomized to the ALND arm and 50% (33/66) patients randomized to the SLND arm. Of the 228 patients with records reviewed, 43 (18.9%) received directed regional nodal RT using ≥3 fields: 22 in the ALND and 21 in the SLND arm. Those receiving directed nodal RT tended to have greater nodal involvement (p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusions: Most patients treated on the Z0011 trial received tangential field RT alone, and some received no radiotherapy at all. Some patients received directed nodal irradiation via a third field. In a subgroup for whom detailed RT records were available, the highest rates of directed nodal irradiation were among those with multiple nodes involved. As survival rates and local-regional recurrences were similar in the study arms, no conclusions can be drawn from this analysis on whether this additional radiation treatment was necessary or beneficial. 1JAMA 2011; 305 (6): 569-575. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-14-19.
Synthesis of β-Keto Acids and Methyl Ketones UsingBis(trimethylsilyl) Malonate and Triethylamine in the Presence of Lithium or Magnesium Halides (1985)

Abstract Bis(trimethylsilyl) malonate is acylated in good yields with acid chlorides and acyl carbonates using triethylamine and magnesium or lithium salts to give β-keto acids or methyl ketones. Compared to other procedures, which use strong bases, this method is inexpensive, safe and convenient; especially for large scale reactions.
Copulsing tumor antigen-pulsed dendritic cells with zoledronate efficiently enhance the expansion of tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells via Vγ9γδ T cell activation (2007)

We demonstrate that Vgamma9gammadelta T cells activated by zoledronate can link innate and acquired immunity through crosstalk with dendritic cells (DCs) in a way that can amplify activation and proliferation of tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. DCs pulsed with antigen alone or antigen plus zoledronate were used to stimulate the in vitro expansion of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. MART-1-modified peptide (A27L peptide) and apoptotic HLA-A*0201-positive, MART-1-positive JCOCB tumor cell lines were used as tumor antigen sources. The percentage of A27L-specific CD8+ T cells within the responding lymphocytes on Day 7 when immature DCs (imDCs) were cultured in the presence of A27L peptide and 0.01 microM zoledronate was significantly higher (P=0.002, n=11) than that observed when imDCs were cultured with the lymphocytes in the presence of the A27L peptide alone. This enhancing effect of zoledronate was significantly reduced when gammadelta T cells were depleted from responding lymphocytes (P=0.030, n=5), indicating that the effect is mediated mainly through Vgamma9gammadelta T cells activated by zoledronate-pulsed imDCs. When imDCs copulsed with zoledronate and apoptotic JCOCB tumor cell lines were used, the percentage of A27L-specific CD8+ T cells was higher than that observed using imDCs with the apoptotic JCOCB lines alone, suggesting that zoledronate treatment of imDCs enhances the cross-presentation ability of DCs. These findings suggest a potentially valuable role for Vgamma9gammadelta T cell activation for expanding antigen-specific CD8+T cells using DCs copulsed with tumor antigen and zoledronate in the design of vaccine therapies for malignancy.
Supplementary Figures 1-5 from Interaction between FGFR-2, STAT5, and Progesterone Receptors in Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-5 from Interaction between FGFR-2, STAT5, and Progesterone Receptors in Breast Cancer
THE EFFECTS OF LUMBAR SUPPORT PROMINENCE AND VERTICAL ADJUSTABILITY ON DRIVER POSTURES. FINAL REPORT (1995)

Lear Seating Corporation, Southfield, Mich.
SunFloor 3D: a tool for networks on chip topology synthesis for 3D systems on chips (2009)

Three-dimensional integrated circuits are a promising approach to address the integration challenges faced by current Systems on Chips (SoCs). Designing an efficient Network on Chip (NoC) interconnect for a 3D SoC that not only meets the application performance constraints, but also the constraints imposed by the 3D technology, is a significant challenge. In this work we present a design tool, SunFloor 3D, to synthesize application-specific 3D NoCs. The proposed tool determines the best NoC topology for the application, finds paths for the communication flows, assigns the network components on to the 3D layers and performs a placement of them in each layer. We perform experiments on several SoC benchmarks and present a comparative study between 3D and 2D NoC designs. Our studies show large improvements in interconnect power consumption (average of 38%) and delay (average of 13%) for the 3D NoC when compared to the corresponding 2D implementation. Our studies also show that the synthesized topologies result in large power (average of 54%) and delay savings (average of 21%) when compared to standard topologies.
Design and modeling of planar transformer-based integrated passive devices for wireless applications (2009)

This paper presents design and modeling techniques of integrated passive devices (IPDs) that can be stacked with RF chips in a highly integrated and miniaturized 3D system-in-package (SiP) for wireless applications. The research starts to study winding and modeling techniques for high efficiency planar transformers. Based upon the proposed and modeled planar transformers, the research explores novel planar transformer-based structures for various kinds of wireless passive components including baluns, bandpass filters and power combiners to achieve miniature size as well as high performance. The IPDs presented in this study are manufactured in an Above-IC (AIC) process that is ready for mass production in semiconductor industry.
The long pentraxin PTX3: a paradigm for humoral pattern recognition molecules (2013)

Pattern recognition molecules (PRMs) are components of the humoral arm of innate immunity; they recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) and are functional ancestors of antibodies, promoting complement activation, opsonization, and agglutination. In addition, several PRMs have a regulatory function on inflammation. Pentraxins are a family of evolutionarily conserved PRMs characterized by a cyclic multimeric structure. On the basis of structure, pentraxins have been operationally divided into short and long families. C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component are prototypes of the short pentraxin family, while pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a prototype of the long pentraxins. PTX3 is produced by somatic and immune cells in response to proinflammatory stimuli and Toll-like receptor engagement, and it interacts with several ligands and exerts multifunctional properties. Unlike CRP, PTX3 gene organization and regulation have been conserved in evolution, thus allowing its pathophysiological roles to be evaluated in genetically modified animals. Here we will briefly review the general properties of CRP and PTX3 as prototypes of short and long pentraxins, respectively, emphasizing in particular the functional role of PTX3 as a prototypic PRM with antibody-like properties.
PRESENTACION DE LA OBRA "MIGRACION DE TRABAJADORES ILEGALES A ESTADOS UNIDOS" (1992)

LA DOCTORA MARIA DE LOS ANGELES GASTELUM PRESENTO SU LIBRO DE TRABAJADORES MEXICANOS INDOCUMENTADOS A LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS, EN EL QUE EXPONE LOS RESULTADOS DE SUS INVESTIGACIONES SOBRE LAS CAUSAS REALES Y APARENTES QUE GENERAN EL FENOMENO DE MIGRACION DE LOS MEXICANOS AL VECINO PAIS DEL NORTE Y EL IMPACTO QUE CAUSA ESTE HECHO EN LA ECONOMIA Y LA SOCIEDAD DE ESE PAIS.
P06.09 Lactobacilluscrispatus inhibits growth ofgardnerella vaginalisandneisseria gonorrhoeaeon a porcine vaginal mucosa model (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The vaginal microbiota affects susceptibility to bacterial vaginosis (BV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). BV is characterised by depletion of <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp., an overgrowth of anaerobes (usually dominated by <i>Gardnerella vaginalis</i>) and a pH &gt; 4.5. BV is associated with an increased risk of acquiring STIs such as chlamydia and gonorrhoea. An <i>ex vivo</i> porcine vaginal mucosal model (PVM) was developed to explore the mechanistic role of <i>Lactobacillus</i> in affecting vaginal colonisation by <i>G. vaginalis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>. <h3>Methods</h3> Explants (5 mm) of freshly collected PVM were placed in transwells over various media, including <i>Lactobacillus</i> culture supernatant, inoculated with bacteria and incubated under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Colonised explants were processed for CFU enumeration and presence of biofilm (via confocal microscopy) at indicated times. Lactic acid produced by a clinical isolate of L. crispatus growing on PVM was also quantified. <h3>Results</h3> All isolates tested could colonise and grow on PVM. <i>G. vaginalis</i> and <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> form biofilms on PVM. L. crispatus produces lactic acid on PVM and inhibits the growth of <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> and <i>G. vaginalis</i> in a pH-dependent manner. Finally, L. crispatus produces a secreted factor that kills <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> on PVM at an otherwise permissible pH. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data demonstrate that PVM is a useful model for studying the interactions of commensal vaginal microbes with pathogens on the vaginal mucosa. The data confirm a role for lactic acid in inhibiting growth of <i>G. vaginalis</i> and <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i>. The discovery of an L. crispatus secreted factor that kills <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> is intriguing and future work will identify this compound and explore its mechanism of action. <h3>Disclosure of interest statement</h3> Funding provided by the Office of the Vice President for Research, University of Minnesota and NIH grant U19AI084044. No pharmaceutical grants were received in the development of this study.
AZD6738 promotes the tumor suppressive effects of trifluridine in colorectal cancer cells (2023)

Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3‑related (ATR) is a kinase that repairs DNA damage. Although inhibitors that selectively target ATR have been developed, their effectiveness in colorectal cancer has not been widely reported. The present study hypothesized that anticancer agents that effectively act in the S phase before the G<sub>2</sub>/M checkpoint may be ideal agents for concomitant use with ATR inhibitors, which act at the G<sub>2</sub>/M checkpoint. Therefore, the present study examined the combined effects of AZD6738, an ATR inhibitor, and trifluridine (FTD), which acts in the S phase and has a high DNA uptake rate. <i>In vitro</i> cell viability assays, flow cytometry and western blotting were performed to evaluate cell viability, and changes in cell cycle localization and protein expression. The results revealed that in colorectal cancer cells, the combination of AZD6738 and FTD inhibited cell viability, cell cycle arrest at the G<sub>2</sub>/M checkpoint and Chk1 phosphorylation, and increased apoptotic protein expression levels more than that when treated with FTD alone. HT29, a BRAF‑mutant cell line known to be resistant to anticancer drugs, was used to induce tumors <i>in vivo</i>. Since FTD does not have sufficient efficacy when administered orally, it was mixed with tipiracil to prevent degradation; this mixture is known as TAS‑102. TAS‑102 alone exerted minimal tumor suppressive effects; however, when used in combination with AZD6738, tumor suppression was observed, suggesting that AZD6738 may increase the effectiveness of a weakly effective drug. Although ATR inhibitors are effective against p53 mutants, the present study demonstrated that these inhibitors were also effective against the p53 wild‑type HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line. In conclusion, combination therapy with AZD6738 and FTD enhanced the inhibition of tumor proliferation <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. In the future, we aim to investigate the potentiating effect of AZD6738 on 5‑fluouracil‑resistant cell lines that are difficult to treat.