gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanoscale Modulation of Friction and Triboelectrification via Surface Nanotexturing (2019)

Nanoscale contact electrification (CE) of elastomer surfaces and the resulting tribocharge formation are important in many branches of nanotechnology but their mechanism is not fully clarified. In this Letter, we investigate the mechanism using the recently discovered phenomenon of replica molding-induced nanoscale CE. By generating tribocharge distributions patterned in close correlation with the interfacial nanotextures, the phenomenon provides well-defined targets for the investigation. By applying a variety of scanning probe microscopy techniques (AFM/KPFM/EFM) and finite element modeling (FEM) to the tribocharge distributions, we extract a process model that can explain how their patterns are formed and affected by the interfacial nanotexture's morphology. It turns out that the cumulative distance of the elastomer's tangential sliding during the interfacial separation plays the key role in shaping the tribocharge's distribution pattern. The model proves remarkably universal, staying valid to nanotextures all the way down in the sub-10 nm regime. This replica molding-induced CE also turns out to be an effective tool for sculpting nanoscale tribocharge distributions into unconventional forms, such as rings, partial eclipses, and dumbbells. Both the model and the technique will prove useful in many areas of nanotechnology.
Microfluidic Synthesis of Pharmacologically Responsive Supramolecular Biohybrid Microgels (2014)

Biohybrid hydrogels that change their mechanical properties in response to pharmacological cues hold high promises as externally controlled drug depots for biomedical applications. In this study, we devise a generically applicable method for the synthesis of micrometer-scale, injection-ready biohybrid materials. We use droplet-based microfluidics to generate monodisperse pre-microgel fluid droplets, wherein which we react fluorescein-modified 8-arm poly(ethylene glycol) with a thiol-functionalized humanized anti-fluorescein single chain antibody fragment and vinylsulfone-functionalized 8-arm poly(ethylene glycol), resulting in the formation of stable, narrowly dispersed supramolecular microgels (30 and 150 μm diameter). We demonstrate that the addition of free fluorescein to these microgels results in a weakening of their hydrogel structure, eventually leading to its disintegration. This method of formation of pharmacologically responsive biohybrid hydrogels in an injection-ready formulation is a pioneering example of a general approach for the synthesis of biohybrid hydrogel-based drug depots for biomedical applications.
Prior oil and gas production can limit the occurrence of injection-induced seismicity: A case study in the Delaware Basin of western Texas and southeastern New Mexico, USA (2021)

Abstract We demonstrate that pore pressure and stress changes resulting from several decades of oil and gas production significantly affect the likelihood of injection-related induced seismicity. We illustrate this process in the Delaware Basin (western Texas and southeastern New Mexico, USA), in which hydraulic fracturing and waste-water injection have been inducing numerous earthquakes in the southernmost part of the basin where there has been no prior oil and gas production from the formations in which the earthquakes are now occurring. In the seismically quiescent part of the basin, we show that pore-pressure and poroelastic-stress changes associated with prior oil and gas production make induced seismicity less likely. The findings of this study have important implications for the feasibility of large-scale carbon storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs.
Central Obesity and Insulin Resistance in the Cardiometabolic Syndrome: Pathways to Preclinical Cardiovascular Structure and Function (2009)

The cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) has been an organizing conceptual framework for subclinical cardiovascular pathophysiology. Using cross-sectional data from 338 healthy men and women aged 18 to 55 years, the study examined the role of central adiposity and insulin sensitivity and assessed potential relationships with other metabolic indices (insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, fibrinolysis, lipidemia, endothelial function, and inflammation) and measures of cardiac structure and function (cardiac mass, compliance and contractility, myocardial oxygen demand, and blood pressure). Structural equation modeling analyses, which controlled for sex, age, and race, demonstrated good fit to the data. The derived relationships provided a physiologically consistent model of CMS, with an initiating role for central adiposity and insulin resistance. The model accounted for 30% and 82% of the variance in diastolic blood pressure and myocardial oxygen demand, respectively. The findings suggest predominant pathways through which subclinical metabolic processes may exert pathogenic impact on the heart and vasculature.
Estimation of LF glottal source parameters based on an ARX model (2005)

We propose a method to estimate the glottal flow based on the ARX model of speech production and on the LF model of glottal flow. This method splits the analysis in two stages: a low frequency analysis to estimate the glottal source parameters which have mainly a low pass effect and a second step to refine the parameters which have also a high pass effect. Along with this new analysis scheme, we introduce a new algorithm to efficiently minimize the nonlinear function resulting from the least square criterion applied to the ARX model. Results on synthetic and natural speech signals prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Neuromagnetic Changes of Brain Rhythm Evoked by Intravenous Olfactory Stimulation in Humans (2006)

To identify the changes in the respective frequency band and brain areas related to olfactory perception, we measured magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals before and after instilling intravenously thiamine propyl disulfide (TPD) and thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide monohydrochloride (TTFD), which evoked a strong and weak sensation of odor, respectively. For the frequency analysis of MEG, a beamformer program, synthetic aperture magnetometry (SAM), was employed and event-related desynchronization (ERD) or synchronization (ERS) was statistically determined. Both strong and weak odors induced ERD in (1) beta band (13–30 Hz) in the right precentral gyrus, and the superior and middle frontal gyri in both hemispheres, (2) low gamma band (30–60 Hz) in the left superior frontal gyrus and superior parietal lobule, and the middle frontal gyrus in both hemispheres, and (3) high gamma band 2 (100–200 Hz) in the right inferior frontal gyrus. TPD induced ERD in the left temporal, parietal and occipital lobes, while TTFD induced ERD in the right temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. The results indicate that physiological functions in several regions in the frontal lobe may change and the strength of the odor may play a different role in each hemisphere during olfactory perception in humans.
Mechanized ultrasonic testing on girth welds during pipeline construction (1997)

This month`s article provides an inspection solution for the inspection of girth welds found in long-distance pipelines. The mechanization of the process increases the speed of the inspection and also improves the probability of detection. This article may trigger ideas and solutions where mechanizing the inspection process can provide significant benefits.
Estimation of dynamic current waveforms using pre-characterization of standard cells (2015)

Power supply noise is a critical issue in transition and delay testing. As compared to functional operations, test vectors induce increased switching. This escalation in switching contributes to an increase in power supply noise which, in turn, causes an increase in path delays. During testing, false positives due to excessive noise-induced failures negatively impacts yield. In our previous work, we implemented a modular framework to dynamically estimate power supply noise caused by simultaneous switching of multiple paths and the increase in path delay. In this technique, the design is partitioned into the logic and grid subsystems that are analyzed independently. The approach eliminated the need to run resource intensive full-chip SPICE simulations. Although independent logic path simulations provide a considerable time improvement in comparison to full-chip run time, in large designs, even these isolated path simulations can be prohibitive. In this paper, we present a novel technique to estimate the current transients of a path by precharacterizing each standard cell in the library to predict the variations in the power supply. This one time precharacterization has a significant advantage over our previously implemented technique since it no longer requires a full path simulation to estimate accurate current transients. Initial data presented in this paper show promising results.
WE‐A‐301‐04: Model‐Based Known Component Reconstruction for Computed Tomography (2011)

Purpose: We aim to develop model‐based tomographic reconstruction methods that incorporate knowledge about known components (e.g. implants, surgical tools) within the scanning field. Inclusion of such knowledge as part of the reconstruction approach should benefit image quality in situations where there is missing data or where noise levels are particularly high. While the proposed reconstruction framework is general, in this work we focus on metallic implants and elimination of streak artifacts associated with those components. Methods: We have developed a novel model‐based reconstruction technique that parameterizes the image volume as the combination of the underlying background attenuation and an arbitrary number of known components whose attenuation profile is known but whose locations and orientations are unknown. Adopting a tomographic forward model that includes noise allows for derivation of a penalized‐likelihood objective function. Maximization of this objective for the unknown registration and attenuation parameters yields a joint estimate of the object and the position and pose of each known component. We have developed optimization routines to solve this model‐based objective based on an alternating maximization scheme. Results: The proposed reconstruction method has been applied to spine imaging where there are pedicle screws in the imaging field. We compare our novel approach with reconstructions formed from traditional filtered backprojection and ordinary penalized‐likelihood approaches. We find that in the proposed scheme the position and pose of the implants is highly accurate and that streak artifacts associated with the metal implants are greatly reduced. Conclusions: Model‐based reconstruction that utilizes information about known components in the object has the potential to significantly improve image quality. While we have demonstrated this for the case of metallic pedicle screw implants, the technique is general and can apply to other scenarios where the (possibly heterogeneous) structure of components are known.
Supplementary Data 2 from Adoptive Transfer of Autologous T Cells Improves T-cell Repertoire Diversity and Long-term B-cell Function in Pediatric Patients with Neuroblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 435K, Representative flow cytometry plots&lt;/p&gt;
Surface Acoustic Wave Excitation on SF6 plasma treated AlGaN/GaN heterostructure (2008)

Nowadays, there is an increasing interest to generate the Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) directly on AlGaN/GaN heterostructure material system that defines a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) of the high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). However, the direct interaction of SAW with free carriers of 2DEG prevents the acousto-electric transduction in the interdigital transducers (IDTs) due to the additional insertion losses. Therefore, in this work, we present a new approach in forming of interdigital (SAW) structures on AlGaN/GaN heterostructure to be applied for chemical sensors technology. The new approach uses a selective self-aligned SF6 plasma treatment of the AlGaN/GaN heterostructure to modify 2DEG density thus enabling the redistribution of the E-field and reduction of the peak field in the range of SAW structures. It enables to control these losses, so SAW propagation in the AlGaN/GaN can be observed.
Oblivious OSPF routing with weight optimization under polyhedral demand uncertainty (2009)

Language of publication: en
Neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser treatment of cystic granula iridica in horses: Eight cases (1988–1996) (1997)

Cystic granula iridica may cause vision impairment in horses. Treatment with an ophthalmic Nd:YAG laser appears to be safe and effective.
Rapamycin inhibits transforming growth factor β‐induced peritoneal angiogenesis by blocking the secondary hypoxic response (2011)

Patients with end-stage kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis often develop progressive scarring of the peritoneal tissues. This manifests as submesothelial thickening and is associated with increased vascularization that leads to ultrafiltration dysfunction. Hypoxia induces a characteristic series of responses including angiogenesis and fibrosis. We investigated the role of hypoxia in peritoneal membrane damage. An adenovirus expressing transforming growth factor (TGF) β was used to induce peritoneal fibrosis. We evaluated the effect of the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, which has been previously shown to block hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α. We also assessed the effect of HIF1α independently using an adenovirus expressing active HIF1α. To identify the TGFβ1-independent effects of HIF1α, we expressed HIF1α in the peritoneum of mice lacking the TGFβ signalling molecule Smad3. We demonstrate that TGFβ-induced fibroproliferative tissue is hypoxic. Rapamycin did not affect the early angiogenic response, but inhibited angiogenesis and submesothelial thickening 21 days after induction of fibrosis. In primary mesothelial cell culture, rapamycin had no effect on TGFβ-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) but did suppress hypoxia-induced VEGF. HIF1α induced submesothelial thickening and angiogenesis in peritoneal tissue. The fibrogenic effects of HIF1α were Smad3 dependent. In summary, submesothelial hypoxia may be an important secondary factor, which augments TGFβ-induced peritoneal injury. The hypoxic response is mediated partly through HIF1α and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin blocks the hypoxic-induced angiogenic effects but does not affect the direct TGFβ-mediated fibrosis and angiogenesis.
Restless Legs Syndrome (2007)

Restless legs syndrome is a symptomatic urge to move the legs, usually accompanied or caused by uncomfortable/ unpleasant sensations deep within the legs that begin or are worsened during periods of rest or inactivity in the evening or night and are partially or totally relieved by movement. It can occur intermittently or daily. Nonpharmacologic treatments include moderate exercise; good sleep hygiene; elimination of alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine; and hot baths, massage, and stretching. Activities promoting mental alertness may improve symptoms. Moderate exercise and use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure are the only nonpharmacologic treatments with proven benefit. For intermittent restless legs syndrome, carbidopa/levodopa and nonpharmacologic therapy are recommended as primary treatments. For daily restless legs syndrome, dopamine agonists, particularly ropinirole and pramipexole, are suggested as the drugs of choice. Carbidopa/levodopa could be considered for daily restless legs syndrome, but augmentation is a significant drawback to its use. Carbamazepine and gabapentin have limited data to support their use.
Supplementary Figure 2 from <i>In Vivo</i> Phosphoantigen Levels in Bisphosphonate-Treated Human Breast Tumors Trigger Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell Antitumor Cytotoxicity through ICAM-1 Engagement (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 173K, IPP/ApppI phosphoantigen accumulation induced by RIS and cellular uptake of RIS in breast cancer cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
Edelta: An Approach for Defining and Applying Reusable Metamodel Refactorings. (2017)

Metamodels can be considered one of the key artifacts of any model-based project. Similarly to other software artifacts, metamodels are expected to evolve during their life- cycle and consequently it is crucial to develop approaches and tools supporting the definition and re-use of metamodel refactorings in a disciplined way. This paper proposes Edelta, a domain specific language for specifying reusable libraries of metamodel refactorings. The language allows both atomic and complex changes and it is supported by an Eclipse-based IDE. The developed supporting environment allows the developer to apply refactorings both in a batch manner and in a step-by-step fashion, which provides developers with an immediate view of the evolving Ecore model before actually changing it.
Expression and purification of Shiga-like toxin II B subunits (1995)

Shiga-like toxins (SLTs), which are produced by certain strains of Escherichia coli, are composed of enzymatically active A and B subunit multimers responsible for the toxin's binding. We have previously purified large amounts of the SLT-I B subunit by using a hyperexpression vector in Vibrio cholerae under the control of the trc promoter. In this study we examined various expression vectors to maximize yields of the SLT-II B subunit. The SLT-II B subunit has been expressed by using both the T7 promoter and the tac promoter in E. coli. When expressed from a plasmid containing the structural gene for SLT-II B deleted of the leader sequence, SLT-II B was able to form multimers when cross-linked, although SLT-II B production from this plasmid was unreproducible. SLT-II B expressed in all three systems appeared to form unstable multimers, which did not readily bind to a monoclonal antibody which preferentially recognizes B subunit multimers. SLT-II B expression was not increased by moving any of the plasmids into V. cholerae. Polyclonal antibodies raised to SLT-II B in rabbits recognized B subunit in SLT-II holotoxin yet were poorly neutralizing. SLT-II B was also expressed as a fusion protein with maltose-binding protein and could be cleaved from maltose-binding protein with factor Xa. Although the expression vectors were able to make large amounts of SLT-II B, as determined by Western blotting (immunoblotting), the levels of purified SLT-II B subunit were low compared with those obtained previously for SLT-I B subunit, probably because of instability of the multimeric SLT-II B subunit.
IR imaging using a cantilever-based focal plane array fabricated by deep reactive ion etching technique (2007)

The authors report on a novel substrate-free cantilever-based focal plane array (FPA) fabricated by a deep reactive ion etching technique and discuss its performance as an uncooled infrared imager. A visible optical readout was designed to simultaneously measure the deflections of all the cantilevers in the FPA. The noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) of our FPA can be reduced by 60% compared to the one fabricated by sacrificial layer technique and some cantilevers exhibited NETD of 375mK, approaching the theoretical prediction of 89.7mK. The FPA has a bending response to temperature of 86nm∕K and a response time of 21ms.
Effects on Test Performance and Efficiency of Technology-Enhanced Items: An Analysis of Drag-and-Drop Response Interactions (2020)

One of the most common technology-enhanced items used in large-scale K-12 testing programs is the drag-and-drop response interaction. The main research questions in this study are: (a) Does adding a drag-and-drop interface to an online test affect the accuracy of student performance? (b) Does adding a drag-and-drop interface to an online test affect the speed of student performance? In three different experiments involving fourth, sixth, and eighth graders, respectively; students answered reading comprehension questions presented in conventional (i.e., paper-based design) or drag-and-drop formats. The tests consisted of four-sentence ordering items in Experiment 1, four graphic organizer items in Experiment 2, and two cloze tests and two graphic organizer items in Experiment 3. The conventional and drag &amp; drop groups were compared on test performance (i.e., accuracy) and efficiency (i.e., response time and number of mouse clicks). Across the three experiments, the conventional and drag &amp; drop groups did not differ in mean performance, but the drag &amp; drop group responded more efficiently than the conventional group (faster response time, d = 0.62, and fewer mouse clicks, d = 1.13).
Supplementary Methods, Figures 1 - 8, Tables 1 - 2 from VEGF-Mediated Angiogenesis Links EMT-Induced Cancer Stemness to Tumor Initiation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 7604K, Supplemental Figure S1 depicts the increased sensitivity of mesenchymal MTdeltaECad cells to salinomycin as compared to epithelial MTflECad cells. Supplemental Figure S2 shows comparable numbers of mesenchymal MTdeltaECad cells and epithelial MTflECad cells injected i.v. trapped in in lungs and no difference in cell proliferation but higher apoptosis of epithelial MTflECad cells in lung outgrowing lung metastasis. Supplemental Figure S3 presents the assessment of VEGF receptor expression, blood vessel maturation and functionality, and tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis in primary tumors formed by mesenchymal MTdeltaECad cells as compared to tumors of epithelial MTflECad cells. Supplemental Figure S4 shows the upregulated expression of pro-angiogenic genes during EMT by gene ontology and direct gene expression analysis. Supplemental Figure S5 shows an efficient siRNA-mediated ablation of VEGF-A expression in mesenchymal MTdeltaECad cells and that the ablation of VEGF-A expression, treatment with the VEGF receptor inhibitor PTK787 or the addition of recombinant VEGF-A do not affect cell proliferation and mammosphere growth of MTdeltaECad cells or MTflECad cells. Supplemental Figure S6 shows that the forced expression of VEGF-A in epithelial MTflECad cells modestly increases the cells' tumorigenicity and significantly induces tumor microvessel density and vessel functionality, it reduces apoptosis but does not affect tumor hypoxia and cell proliferation. Supplemental Figure S7 shows that other VEGF family members are upregulated in their expression during an EMT in vitro and in vivo, yet that they do not affect tumorigenicity of mesenchymal cancer cells. Supplemental Figure S8 demonstrates that VEGF-A in the supernatant of cultured mesenchymal MTdeltaECad cells induces proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Supplemental Table I summarizes the flow cytometry analysis of cell surface markers in NMuMG normal murine mammary gland cell line and in the Py2T and MTflECad/MTdeltaECad murine breast cancer cell lines before and after EMT and cultured on plastic or as spheroids. Supplemental Table II presents the differences in cytokine expression between epithelial MTflECad cells and mesenchymal MTdeltaECad cells as determined by cytokine protein array analysis. Supplemental Methods provide experimental details of the general experimental procedures and reagents used in the main text and of the specific methods used to generate the supplemental data.&lt;/p&gt;