gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting proprotein convertases in furin‐rich lung cancer cells results in decreased in vitro and in vivo growth (2016)

Proprotein convertases (PCs) are serine proteases with an active role in the post-translational processing of numerous inactive proteins to active proteins including many substrates of paramount importance in cancer development and progression. Furin (PCSKC3), a well-studied member of this family, is overexpressed in numerous human and experimental malignancies. In the present communication, we treated two furin-overexpressing non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines (Calu-6 and HOP-62) with the PC inhibitor CMK (Decanoyl-Arg-Val-Lys-Arg-chloromethylketone). This resulted in a diminished IGF-1R processing and a simultaneous decrease in cell proliferation of two NSCLC lines. Similarly, growth of subcutaneous xenografts of both cell lines, were partially inhibited by an in vivo treatment with the same drug. These observations point to a potential role of PC inhibitors in cancer therapy. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lung volume reduction surgery: what can we learn from the National Emphysema Treatment Trial?: Fig. 1.— (2003)

Many well-known mutual fund companies as well as mutual fund rating services such as Morningstar have recently reported “capture ratios” to help investors evaluate mutual fund performance. These ratios give investors a sense of how a fund has performed in certain market conditions. For example, there is an “upside market capture ratio” that shows a mutual fund’s past performance in up-markets. Similarly, there is a “downside market capture ratio” which provides the fund’s past performance in down-markets. In this article we use mutual fund data from 1990–2019 to analyze these capture ratios and examine how well they predict future fund performance. We find evidence that capture ratios are quite overrated. First, they do not seem to “capture” manager ability but rather just the beta of the portfolio. Second, when we use a measure of manager skill created by combining capture ratios, we find that this measure of skill is actually negatively and significantly related to future fund performance over periods longer than one year. Based on our results, investors should be cautious when using capture ratios to measure or predict performance. <b>TOPICS:</b>Equity portfolio management, performance measurement, manager selection <b>Key Findings</b> ▪ This article finds that the relationship between the capture ratios and beta is significantly and strongly positive. This suggests that those using capture ratios as evidence of manager skill may be misattributing performance. ▪ This article also finds that the skill measure, which is the difference between a fund’s upside and downside capture ratios, is significantly and negatively related to three-year and five-year out-of-sample alpha. This suggests that longer-term investors do not benefit from investing in funds with higher skill. ▪ The results presented in this article suggest that mutual fund companies should be cautious when touting their capture ratios as evidence of manager skill, and investors should be cautious not to misinterpret the capture ratios as evidence of manager skill.
Confidence bands and hypothesis tests for hit enrichment curves (2022)

In virtual screening for drug discovery, hit enrichment curves are widely used to assess the performance of ranking algorithms with regard to their ability to identify early enrichment. Unfortunately, researchers almost never consider the uncertainty associated with estimating such curves before declaring differences between performance of competing algorithms. Uncertainty is often large because the testing fractions of interest to researchers are small. Appropriate inference is complicated by two sources of correlation that are often overlooked: correlation across different testing fractions within a single algorithm, and correlation between competing algorithms. Additionally, researchers are often interested in making comparisons along the entire curve, not only at a few testing fractions. We develop inferential procedures to address both the needs of those interested in a few testing fractions, as well as those interested in the entire curve. For the former, four hypothesis testing and (pointwise) confidence intervals are investigated, and a newly developed EmProc approach is found to be most effective. For inference along entire curves, EmProc-based confidence bands are recommended for simultaneous coverage and minimal width. While we focus on the hit enrichment curve, this work is also appropriate for lift curves that are used throughout the machine learning community. Our inferential procedures trivially extend to enrichment factors, as well.
PERINEAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX RECTOURETHRAL FISTULAE AFTER PROSTATE CANCER THERAPY (2009)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2009PERINEAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX RECTOURETHRAL FISTULAE AFTER PROSTATE CANCER THERAPY Bryan B. Voelzke, Julio Garcia-Aguilar, and Jack W. McAninch Bryan B. VoelzkeBryan B. Voelzke More articles by this author , Julio Garcia-AguilarJulio Garcia-Aguilar More articles by this author , and Jack W. McAninchJack W. McAninch More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(09)61199-XAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "PERINEAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX RECTOURETHRAL FISTULAE AFTER PROSTATE CANCER THERAPY." The Journal of Urology, 181(4S), p. 423 © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181Issue 4SApril 2009Page: 423 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Bryan B. Voelzke More articles by this author Julio Garcia-Aguilar More articles by this author Jack W. McAninch More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Splitting of high-Q Mie modes induced by light backscattering in silica microspheres (1995)

We have observed that very high-Q Mie resonances in silica microspheres are split into doublets. This splitting is attributed to internal backscattering that couples the two degenerate whispering-gallery modes propagating in opposite directions along the sphere equator. We have studied this doublet structure by high-resolution spectroscopy. Time-decay measurements have also been performed and show a beat note corresponding to the coupling rate between the clockwise and counterclockwise modes. A simple model of coupled oscillators describes our data well, and the backscattering efficiency that we measure is consistent with what is observed in optical fibers.
Clinical Predictors of Survival and Functional Outcome of Stroke Patients Admitted to Critical Care* (2018)

Mortality in critically ill stroke patients is high and occurs most often shortly after the event. Less than one in three surviving patients is able to function independently after 1 year. This study has identified several clinical variables that predict long-term all-cause mortality and functional outcome among critically ill stroke patients and found that mainly acute physiologic disturbance and absolute values of neurologic clinical assessment are predictive.
TIME AND HEATING RATE DEPENDENT CONTRIBUTIONS IN THE INTERNALFRICTION (1987)

The internal friction (i.f.) background of pur Al and Al-alloys, is higher for higher heating or cooling rates. Heating rate or time dependent effects were also found in the case of precipitation or dissolution (AlAg, AlCu, AlZn, recrystallization, or stuctural relaxation (metallic glasses). One part of these changes can be attributed to continuous transformation of the structure which can be monitored mainly by the change of the modulus. Also an extra damping was detected depending on the intensity of the transformation processes.
Domain Structure of Bulk and Thin-Film Ferroelectrics By Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction (2015)

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Break-junction tunneling measurements of the high-TcsuperconductorY1Ba2Cu3O9−δ (1987)

Current-voltage tunneling characteristics in a high-critical-temperature superconducting material containing predominately ${\mathrm{Y}}_{1}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{9\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ have been measured using the break-junction technique. Sharp gap structure was observed, with the largest superconductive energy gap measured to be \ensuremath{\Delta}=19.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1 meV, assuming a superconductor-insulator-superconductor junction. This energy gap corresponds to 2\ensuremath{\Delta}/${k}_{B}$${T}_{c}$=4.8 at T=4 K, for a critical temperature of 93 K (midpoint of the resistive transition).
Does size matter? Study of performance of pseudo-ELISAs based on molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles prepared for analytes of different sizes (2016)

The aim of this work is to evaluate whether the size of the analyte used as template for the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) can affect their performance in pseudo-enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (pseudo-ELISAs). Successful demonstration of a nanoMIPs-based pseudo-ELISA for vancomycin (1449.3 g mol(-1)) was demonstrated earlier. In the present investigation, the following analytes were selected: horseradish peroxidase (HRP, 44 kDa), cytochrome C (Cyt C, 12 kDa) biotin (244.31 g mol(-1)) and melamine (126.12 g mol(-1)). NanoMIPs with a similar composition for all analytes were synthesised by persulfate-initiated polymerisation in water. In addition, core-shell nanoMIPs coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and imprinted for melamine were produced in organics and tested. The polymerisation of the nanoparticles was done using a solid-phase approach with the correspondent template immobilised on glass beads. The performance of the nanoMIPs used as replacement for antibodies in direct pseudo-ELISA (for the enzymes) and competitive pseudo-ELISA for the smaller analytes was investigated. For the competitive mode we rely on competition for the binding to the nanoparticles between free analyte and corresponding analyte-HRP conjugate. The results revealed that the best performances were obtained for nanoMIPs synthesised in aqueous media for the larger analytes. In addition, this approach was successful for biotin but completely failed for the smallest template melamine. This problem was solved using nanoMIP prepared by UV polymerisation in an organic media with a PEG shell. This study demonstrates that the preparation of nanoMIP by solid-phase approach can produce material with high affinity and potential to replace antibodies in ELISA tests for both large and small analytes. This makes this technology versatile and applicable to practically any target analyte and diagnostic field.
Bridging Courses in Physics and Chemistry for Monash Engineering Students (1990)

Throughout the 1980s there has been a remarkable rise in the retention of Australian students in secondary education. Although the numbers of students taking the traditional preparation for Engineering in upper secondary school has been increasing in these years there has been a decrease in their proportion of the year 12 group. Furthermore, large numbers of students taking physical sciences and mathematics in Years 11 and 12 are doing so to enter courses like Medicine, Law, Business, Economics, Accounting, and Computer Science. Not all are successful and Engineering may be another of their preferences. In the face of this situation the Faculty of Engineering at Monash decided in 1989 to ask the Faculty of Education to offer bringing courses in chemistry and physics to students with high entry scores but who had not included one or other of these subjects in their Year 12 program. After a period of data collection about the courses in chemistry and physics these students were to enter in due course, two special bridging courses over one semester were designed to meet their needs. In each of the first two years very encouraging results have been achieved. The paper describes the rationale behind the design of these courses, the range of teaching and learning strategies that have been employed. It will also discuss the conditions that needed to be established to ensure success of such a bold educational experiment.
The three-dimensional architecture of the class I ligase ribozyme (2004)

The class I ligase ribozyme catalyzes a Mg(++)-dependent RNA-ligation reaction that is chemically analogous to a single step of RNA polymerization. Indeed, this ribozyme constitutes the catalytic domain of an accurate and general RNA polymerase ribozyme. The ligation reaction is also very rapid in both single- and multiple-turnover contexts and thus is informative for the study of RNA catalysis as well as RNA self-replication. Here we report the initial characterization of the three-dimensional architecture of the ligase. When the ligase folds, several segments become protected from hydroxyl-radical cleavage, indicating that the RNA adopts a compact tertiary structure. Ribozyme folding was largely, though not completely, Mg(++) dependent, with a K(1/2[Mg]) < 1 mM, and was observed over a broad temperature range (20 degrees C -50 degrees C). The hydroxyl-radical mapping, together with comparative sequence analyses and analogy to a region within 23S ribosomal RNA, were used to generate a three-dimensional model of the ribozyme. The predictive value of the model was tested and supported by a photo-cross-linking experiment.
An Adaptive Middleware Framework for Optimal Scheduling on Large Scale Compute Clusters (2011)

In production multi-user high-performance (HPC) batch computing environments, wait times for scheduled jobs are highly dynamic. For scientific users, the primary measure of efficiency is wall clock time-to-solution. In high throughput applications, such as many kinds of biological analysis, the computational work to be done can be flexibly scheduled taking a longer time on a small number of processors or a shorter time on a large number of processors. Therefore the capability to choose a platform at run-time based on both processing capabilities and availability (lowest wait time) would be attractive. The goal of our work was to create an adaptive interface to HPC systems that dynamically reschedules high-throughput calculations in response to fluctuating load, optimizing for time-to-solution. This was done by implementing middleware functionality to (1) monitor the resource load on a given compute cluster, (2) generate a plan, checking on the applicability of the plan with the defined goals and (3) adaptively choosing the optimal job dimensions (number of processors and wall-clock time) to provide the best time-to-solution results.
Extreme-UV lithography condenser (2023)

Condenser system for use with a ringfield camera in projection lithography where the condenser includes a series of segments of a parent aspheric mirror having one foci at a quasi-point source of radiation and the other foci at the radius of a ringfield have all but one or all of their beams translated and rotated by sets of mirrors such that all of the beams pass through the real entrance pupil of a ringfield camera about one of the beams and fall onto the ringfield radius as a coincident image as an arc of the ringfield. The condenser has a set of correcting mirrors with one of the correcting mirrors of each set, or a mirror that is common to said sets of mirrors, from which the radiation emanates, is a concave mirror that is positioned to shape a beam segment having a chord angle of about 25 to 85 degrees into a second beam segment having a chord angle of about 0 to 60 degrees.
Catalyst size dependent growth of Pd-catalyzed one-dimensional InAs nanostructures (2013)

In this study, Pd was used as catalyst to grow one-dimensional InAs nanostructures on GaAs (111)B substrates in order to explore the growth mechanism and the effect of non-gold catalysts in growing epitaxial III-V nanostructures. With detailed morphological, structural, and chemical characterizations using electron microscopy, coupled with analysis of the Pd-In binary phase diagram, it was found that size of Pd nanoparticles plays a key role in determining the growth mechanism of one-dimensional InAs nanostructures.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Females: Risk Factors, Prevention, and Outcome. (2016)

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common among all participants in sports, occurring in approximately 1 in 3,000 individuals yearly in the USA. Epidemiological studies of ACL injuries have demonstrated that females are at higher risk for injury than males. When compared to male athletes participating in the same sports, the risk of ACL injury is two to eight times greater in females.1-3 A significant research effort has been directed at identifying risk factors that may predispose females to ACL injury. Female athletes likely have an increased incidence of ACL injury due to anatomic, hormonal, biomechanical, and neuromuscular differences between the sexes. Extrinsic factors may also play a role. As the number of girls and women participating in athletics continues to increase, understanding risk factors and developing prevention strategies will have profound physical, psychological, and financial implications for female athletes and the medical system.
Dynamic denitrosylation via S -nitrosoglutathione reductase regulates cardiovascular function (2012)

Although protein S-nitrosylation is increasingly recognized as mediating nitric oxide (NO) signaling, roles for protein denitrosylation in physiology remain unknown. Here, we show that S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), an enzyme that governs levels of S-nitrosylation by promoting protein denitrosylation, regulates both peripheral vascular tone and β-adrenergic agonist-stimulated cardiac contractility, previously ascribed exclusively to NO/cGMP. GSNOR-deficient mice exhibited reduced peripheral vascular tone and depressed β-adrenergic inotropic responses that were associated with impaired β-agonist-induced denitrosylation of cardiac ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), resulting in calcium leak. These results indicate that systemic hemodynamic responses (vascular tone and cardiac contractility), both under basal conditions and after adrenergic activation, are regulated through concerted actions of NO synthase/GSNOR and that aberrant denitrosylation impairs cardiovascular function. Our findings support the notion that dynamic S-nitrosylation/denitrosylation reactions are essential in cardiovascular regulation.
Importance of the intestine as a site of metformin‐stimulated glucose utilization (1994)

1. The intestine has been implicated as a site of increased glucose utilization by the antihyperglycaemic drug, metformin. This study makes a quantitative assessment of this effect. 2. Glucose utilization by the intestine and hind limb region was determined by arterial-venous glucose difference adjusted for blood flow rate in fasted rats receiving a hyperglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic infusion. 3. Intrajejunal administration of metformin, 250 mg kg-1, increased glucose disposal during the infusion procedure, associated with increased glucose utilization in the intestine by 69% and in the hind limb region by 40%. 4. Metformin, 250 mg kg-1, increased glucose disappearance during an intravenous glucose tolerance test. This was accompanied by increased uptake of tritiated 2-deoxy-D-glucose into the intestinal mucosa to a greater extent than into skeletal muscles (per unit wet weight of tissue). 5. The results demonstrate that the intestinal mucosa is a quantitatively important site of increased glucose utilization during the blood glucose-lowering effect of metformin.
Compressed Air Pneumatics for Methane Mitigation (2022)

Objectives/Scope With the challenge of reaching carbon neutrality, the energy industry will need to be transformed. One of the key challenges facing the industry is eliminating Scope 1 emissions from the pneumatic devices used in wellpad automation and control. This practice accounts for roughly 45 million tons of CO2E/yr in the United States alone. Eliminating these emissions from existing brown-field sites is a significant challenge given that many of these well pads are in remote locations and suffer from a lack of reliable and sustainable electric power. Methods, Procedures, Process Compressed Air Pneumatics (CAP) is an innovative technology that replaces the methane emissions of pneumatic devices with clean, dry, compressed air. By employing highly reliable free-piston Stirling engine technology the end-user utilizes a small fraction of the normally vented methane to efficiently generate continuous and reliable electric power and clean, dry, compressed instrument air. CAP systems conserve valuable instrument gas and entirely eliminate methane venting at the well pad. They also eliminate the "wet-gas" issues associated with low-bleed pneumatic device contamination. In addition to compressed air for well pad automation, CAP technology is able to further provide additional utility grade electric power for additional well pad loads. Operators are able to further reduce their carbon footprint by harnessing the reject heat of the Stirling engine to keep process lines warm, further displacing the emissions of low-efficiency gas fired heaters. Another advantage that Stirling engine based CAP solutions gives upstream producers is the option to commission their instrument air system on tanked fuels like propane and readily switch over to instrument gas once wells are operational. Results, Observations, Conclusions A deployed CAP system on a multi-well pad in the Barnett Shale formation in Texas mitigated the vented emissions of 42,000 SCF of Methane in a 30-day period, which is equivalent to the removal of over 1,000 tCO2E on an annual basis, equivalent to removing 200 cars of the road. This same wellpad had zero downtime due to lack of pneumatic control or vent contamination across the same period. In addition to pneumatic control the CAP technology provided the wellpad prime power electricity, eliminating the need for large solar panels and cycling battery banks. Novel/Additive Information This technology when rightsized can maximize system value, driving down the cost of methane abatement below $2/tCO2e
A dataset of color QR codes generated using back-compatible and random colorization algorithms exposed to different illumination-capture channel conditions (2022)

Color QR Codes are often generated to encode digital information, but one also could use colors or to allocate colors in a QR Code to act as a color calibration chart. In this dataset, we present several thousand QR Codes images generated with two different colorization algorithms (random and back-compatible) and several tuning variables in these color encoding. The QR Codes were also exposed to three different channel conditions (empty, augmentation and real-life). Also, we derive the SNR and BER computations for these QR Code in comparison with their black and white versions. Finally, we also show if ZBar, a commercial QR Code scanner, is able to read them.
Improved powder X-ray data for the cement phase Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 F 2 (C11A7f) (2000)

New powder X-ray diffraction data of Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 F 2 (C11A7f), a cementitious compound, were collected on a conventional X-ray powder diffractometer; the cubic cell parameter is a =11.96269(6) Å, volume 1711.93(2) Å 3 (space group I -43 d (No. 220)). The strongest lines are 4.887(100), 2.676(95), 2.992(46), 2.443(46), 2.185(37), 3.198(32), 1.599(26), and 1.941(25). Reported intensities are validated by Rietveld analysis. The new data consist of measured intensities and cover a wider 2θ angular range with respect to the calculated PDF 25-394 and the indexed PDF 36-678: experimental, calculated, and difference patterns are reported together with crystal-chemical considerations.