gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
pH and Proton Sensor GPR65 Determine Susceptibility to Atopic Dermatitis (2021)

pH sensing by GPR65 regulates various inflammatory conditions, but its role in skin remains unknown. In this study, we performed a phenome-wide association study and report that the T allele of <i>GPR65</i>-intronic single-nucleotide polymorphism rs8005161, which reduces GPR65 signaling, showed a significant association with atopic dermatitis, in addition to inflammatory bowel diseases and asthma, as previously reported. Consistent with this genetic association in humans, we show that deficiency of GPR65 in mice resulted in markedly exacerbated disease in the MC903 experimental model of atopic dermatitis. Deficiency of GPR65 also increased neutrophil migration in vitro. Moreover, GPR65 deficiency in mice resulted in higher expression of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α by T cells. In humans, CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells from rs8005161 heterozygous individuals expressed higher levels of TNF-α after PMA/ionomycin stimulation, particularly under pH 6 conditions. pH sensing by GPR65 appears to be important for regulating the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.
The Shared Evolution Of Stars And Their Planetary Systems (2018)

USQ astrophysics research aims to advance understanding of the shared evolution of stars and their planetary systems via a range of complementary studies and collaborations. Current projects include stellar magnetic field mapping and wind modeling, exoplanet detection and characterization, and dynamical modeling of solar system bodies and exoplanetary systems. Our research uses existing and new facilities, including USQ’s Mt Kent Observatory, its new MINERVA-Australis telescope array for NASA TESS follow-up, the new Veloce precision radial velocity spectrograph on the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope at Siding Spring, and a forthcoming SONG asteroseismology node at Mt Kent.
Optical detection of metastableH2−defects and photoconversion of anion vacancies in thermochemically reduced CaO crystals (1987)

The localized vibrational modes and electronic transitions of ${\mathrm{H}}^{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ defects in thermochemically reduced CaO crystals have been detected. The cause of the long-lived luminescence of the F center at room temperature is shown to be due directly to release of electrons from metastable ${\mathrm{H}}^{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ defects. Photoconversion between F and ${F}^{+}$ centers involves electron transfer via the reversible process ${\mathrm{H}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$+${\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$\ensuremath{\leftrightarrows}${\mathrm{H}}^{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$. .AE
ChemInform Abstract: Annonaceous Acetogenins: Recent Progress (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Activation by Cyclic GMP Binding Causes an Apparent Conformational Change in cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase (1997)

Cyclic nucleotide binding activates cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases, but the molecular mechanism is unknown. In the present studies, cGMP binding to type Ialpha or type Ibeta cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) caused (i) a large electronegative charge shift of each enzyme on ion exchange chromatography, (ii) an increase in the Stokes radius (>3 A) of each enzyme, and (iii) a decreased mobility of type Ibeta PKG on native gel electrophoresis. These physical changes were not detected in the monomeric form of type Ibeta PKG upon activation by cGMP. However, the results of partial proteolysis of type Ialpha PKG revealed some degree of cGMP-induced conformational change within the PKG-monomer, since cGMP binding protects the PKG-monomer against chymotryptic cleavage. The altered sensitivity to proteolysis occurs at Met-200, which is located between the B and C alpha-helices in the high affinity site (site A), and implies that the cGMP-induced structural perturbations in this region may participate in activation of dimeric PKG. The cGMP-induced conformational effects observed using the physical separation methods are likely to reflect altered interactions within the dimeric PKG that are caused by structural alterations within the subunits.
Thermal Behavior and Structural Study of SiO2/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Hybrids Synthesized via Sol-Gel Method (2018)

SiO₂-based organic-inorganic hybrids (OIHs) are versatile materials whose properties may change significantly because of their thermal treatment. In fact, after their preparation at low temperature by the sol-gel method, they still have reactive silanol groups due to incomplete condensation reactions that can be removed by accelerating these processes upon heating them in controlled experimental conditions. In this study, the thermal behavior of pure SiO₂ and four SiO₂-based OIHs containing increasing amount (6, 12, 24 and 50 wt %) of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) has been studied by simultaneous thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The FTIR analysis of the gas mixture evolved at defined temperatures from the samples submitted to the TG experiments identified the mechanisms of thermally activated processes occurring upon heating. In particular, all samples already release ethanol at low temperature. Moreover, thermal degradation of PCL takes place in the richest-PCL sample, leading to 5-hexenoic acid, H₂O, CO₂, CO and ε-caprolactone. After the samples' treatment at 450, 600 and 1000 °C, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra revealed that they were still amorphous, while the presence of cristobalite is found in the richest-PCL material.
P4‐347: CARDIAC WORKLOAD IS ASSOCIATED WITH CSF BIOMARKERS IN COGNITIVELY NORMAL LATE‐MIDDLE‐AGED ADULTS AT RISK FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (2019)

A relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and dementia is fairly well-established. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this relationship, specifically whether CVD causes Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology or whether CVD and AD simply co-exist, remains unknown. The availability of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers reflecting brain amyloidosis (Aβ42), tau pathology (phosphorylated tau, p-tau), and neurodegeneration (total tau, t-tau) has opened a window to study such associations in living individuals. Rate pressure product (RPP) is a simple, indirect assessment of myocardial oxygen consumption that can indicate risk for heart disease and may provide additional information about the mechanisms of the link between CVD and AD. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess the relationship between RPP and biomarkers of AD in a cohort of cognitively normal late-middle-aged adults at risk for AD. Two hundred seventy-one cognitively normal late-middle-aged adults (mean age=61.3, 70.8% female) from the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention underwent lumbar puncture (LP) to collect CSF. RPP (systolic blood pressure * pulse / 100) was calculated from resting vitals taken prior to the LP. CSF levels of Aβ42, t-tau and p-tau were measured by ELISA in two batches. Linear regression was used to determine the effect of RPP on CSF biomarkers, controlling for age, gender, APOE ε4, and immunoassay batch. RPP was positively associated with t-tau (B=.009, p=.009) and p-tau (B=.008, p=.037), but not with Aβ42 (B=.005, p=.183). Posthoc analyses revealed that the observed relationships were more marked in older participants (≥61 years of age; t-tau: B=.018, p=.001; p-tau: B=.014, p=.007) compared with younger participants (<61 years of age; ps > .05). Our findings indicate that high cardiac workload at rest is related to higher levels of t-tau and p-tau, but not Aβ42, in cognitively normal late-middle-aged adults; and that older age exacerbates this adverse linkage. This suggests that high myocardial oxygen demand at rest—especially within the context of advancing age—either promotes or co-occurs with alterations in tau, but not with brain amyloidosis. Longitudinal studies would be needed for further establishing causality in these associations.
Neutron/X‐ray Joint Refinement of The Active and Inactive Form of Helicobacter pylori 5′‐ Methylthioadenosine Nucleosidase (2015)

5′‐Methylthioadenosine nucleosidase ( Hp MTAN) is an essential Helicobacter pylori enzyme that hydrolyzes N ‐ribosidic bonds of a variety of adenosine‐based metabolites. Recently, Hp MTAN has become an attractive drug target due to the enzyme's role in the menaquinone pathway that is only specific for H. pylori and Campylobacter. In the proposed catalytic mechanism of Hp MTAN, the reaction is initiated by D198 that acts as a general acid to protonate the N7 position of the adenine moiety. The protonation creates a delocalized positive charge in the adenine moiety that promotes stretching of the N‐ ribosidic bond to progress the catalytic reaction. Currently, transition state analogs are known to function as powerful inhibitors of MTAN; however, the majority of these compounds exhibit inhibition of the human enzyme 5′‐methylthioadenosine phosphorylase ( h MTAP), a homolog to Hp MTAN. In this study, we present the first neutron structures of an active and an inactive variant (D198N) of Hp MTAN that were co‐crystallized with SAH. The structures were solved using X‐ray crystallography and subjected to joint X‐ray/neutron refinement to allow for direct determination of hydrogen atom positioning throughout the catalytic domain of Hp MTAN. The neutron structures confirm the proposed mechanism in which D198 acts as a general acid and illustrates other features of the catalytic reaction. Additionally, key polar interactions are highlighted in the catalytic domain that will aid in structure‐based design of inhibitors that will be selective for Hp MTAN and have little to no effect on h MTAP.
Relaxation training assisted by heart rate variability biofeedback: Implication for a military predeployment stress inoculation protocol (2015)

Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms, but PTSD's effects on the autonomic stress response and the potential influence of HRV biofeedback in stress relaxation training on improving PTSD symptoms are not well understood. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of a predeployment stress inoculation training (PRESTINT) protocol on physiologic measures of HRV in a large sample of the military population randomly assigned to experimental HRV biofeedback-assisted relaxation training versus a control condition. PRESTINT altered the parasympathetic regulation of cardiac activity, with experimental subjects exhibiting greater HRV, that is, less arousal, during a posttraining combat simulation designed to heighten arousal. Autonomic reactivity was also found to be related to PTSD and self-reported use of mental health services. Future PRESTINT training could be appropriate for efficiently teaching self-help skills to reduce the psychological harm following trauma exposure by increasing the capacity for parasympathetically modulated reactions to stress and providing a coping tool (i.e., relaxation method) for use following a stressful situation.
CMOS Transmitter using Pulse-Width Modulation Pre-Emphasis achieving 33dB Loss Compensation at 5-Gb/s (2005)

A digital transmitter pre-emphasis technique is presented that is based on pulse-width modulation, instead of finite impulse response (FIR) filtering. The technique fits well to future high-speed low-voltage CMOS processes. A 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS transmitter achieves more than 5 Gb/s (2-PAM) over 25 m of standard RG-58U low-end coaxial copper cable. The test chip compensates for up to 33 dB of channel loss at the fundamental signaling frequency (2.5 GHz), which is the highest figure compared to literature.
Human Papillomavirus in oral Cancer: An immunohistochemical study (2007)

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Fine Structural Analysis of the Elongation Zone of Easter Lily (Lilium longiflorum) Staminal Filaments (1978)

To seek fine structural correlates with the rate of plant cell elongation, we studied staminal filaments of Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum L.). These represent a population of homogeneous, rapidly elongating cells; their length increased at a constant rate directly proportional to bud length. Elongation proceeded from the tip to the base; the most rapid elongation was recorded for basal cells of excised filaments. When the growth rate of excised filaments varied as a function of temperature, no differences were observed in relative abundance or orientation of organelles. Numbers of cytoplasmic vesicles or vesicles associated with dictyosomes remained constant. Similar results were obtained with auxin-treated filaments, although filaments treated with growth-inhibiting concentrations of calcium chloride appeared to have fewer dictyosome-associated vesicles. The only consistent correlation was an inverse relationship between growth rate and luminal diameter of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In addition, at the lowest temperatures (0-4 C), the incidence of connections between ER and other structures, including vacuoles and dictyosomes, appeared to increase.
(η6-Naphthalene)tricarbonylchromium-mediated hydrogenation of 3,5-diene-1,7-diynes as a route to (Z,Z,Z)-1,4,7-trienes (2000)

The hydrogenation of internal 3,5-diene-1,7-diynes over (η6-naphthalene)tricarbonylchromium affords homoconjugated (Z,Z,Z)-1,4,7-trienes as major products.
Determination of degree of crosslinking in natural rubber vulcanizates. Part III (1959)

Abstract Improvement in methods of characterizing the stress‐strain properties of vulcanized rubber and of determining its molecular weight prior to vulcanization are described. Experimental results obtained previously by Mullins, Moore, and Watson, in an attempt to relate the physical properties of natural rubber to their network structure, are critically re‐examined to take account of these developments. It is shown that if empirical corrections are made for the effect of network flaws due to chain ends and for a second type of network defect equivalent to chain entanglements, then estimates of the degree of crosslinking derived from physical measurements and from chemical determinations are in remarkably close accord.
Accurate Hierarchical Human Actions Recognition From Kinect Skeleton Data (2019)

Human action recognition has become one of the most active research topics in natural human interaction and artificial intelligence, and has attracted much attention. Human movement ranges from simple to complex, from low-level to advanced, with an increasing degree of complexity and data noise. In other words, there is a complicated hierarchy in movement actions. Hierarchy theory can efficiently describe these complicated hierarchical relationships of human actions. Accordingly, a hierarchical framework for human-action recognition is designed in this paper. Different features are selected according to the level of action, and specific classifiers are selected for different features. In particular, a two-level hierarchical recognition framework is constructed and tested on Kinect skeleton data. At the first level, we use support vector machine for a coarse-grained classification, while at the second level we use a combination of support vector machine and a hidden Markov model for a fine-grained classification. Ten-fold cross-validations are used in our performance evaluation on public and self-built datasets, achieving average recognition rates of 95.69% and 97.64%, respectively. These outstanding results imply that the hierarchical step-wise precise classification can well reflect the inherent process of human action.
Coccidiosis in hihi/stitchbirds (Notiomystis cincta) due to coccidia of the Eimeriidae (2012)

Coccidiosis in hihi is a serious disease capable of causing mortalities in juvenile and adult birds in captive situations. Treatment and control of the disease will be difficult as the extraintestinal stages of the organism are likely to be refractile to oral treatment.
Proton equilibriums and kinetics in the liver alcohol dehydrogenase reaction mechanism (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton equilibriums and kinetics in the liver alcohol dehydrogenase reaction mechanismJ. D. Shore, H. Gutfreund, R. L. Brooks, D. Santiago, and P. SantiagoCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 20, 4185–4191Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00717a019https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00717a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views273Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of Oxygen Concentration on Spontaneous Ignition Behavior of a Single Coal Particle in High Temperature (2002)

Considering exhaustion of natural resources, the vast quantities of coal are very attractive for human beings and expected to play an important role in the future. On the other hand, the amount of environmental pollutant is more discharged than any other fossil fuels in combustion. Therefore, high temperature air combustion technology of pulverized coal is under development as an innovative combustion technology in order to decrease amounts of environmental pollutant. In this study, effects of oxygen concentration on ignition process of a single coal particle in high temperature were investigated.
Fungus-originated genes in the genomes of cereal and pasture grasses acquired through ancient lateral transfer (2020)

Evidence for ancestral gene transfer between Epichloë fungal endophyte ancestors and their host grass species is described. From genomes of cool-season grasses (the Poeae tribe), two Epichloë-originated genes were identified through DNA sequence similarity analysis. The two genes showed 96% and 85% DNA sequence identities between the corresponding Epichloë genes. One of the genes was specific to the Loliinae sub-tribe. The other gene was more widely conserved in the Poeae and Triticeae tribes, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The genes were independently transferred during the last 39 million years. The transferred genes were expressed in plant tissues, presumably retaining molecular functions. Multiple gene transfer events between the specific plant and fungal lineages are unique. A range of cereal crops is included in the Poeae and Triticeae tribes, and the Loliinae sub-tribe is consisted of economically important pasture and forage crops. Identification and characterisation of the 'natural' adaptation transgenes in the genomes of cereals, and pasture and forage grasses, that worldwide underpin the production of major foods, such as bread, meat, and milk, may change the 'unnatural' perception status of transgenic and gene-edited plants.
PASSAT: Single Password Authenticated Secret-Shared Intrusion-Tolerant\n Storage with Server Transparency (2021)

In this paper, we introduce PASSAT, a practical system to boost the security\nassurance delivered by the current cloud architecture without requiring any\nchanges or cooperation from the cloud service providers. PASSAT is an\napplication transparent to the cloud servers that allows users to securely and\nefficiently store and access their files stored on public cloud storage based\non a single master password. Using a fast and light-weight XOR secret sharing\nscheme, PASSAT secret-shares users' files and distributes them among n publicly\navailable cloud platforms. To access the files, PASSAT communicates with any k\nout of n cloud platforms to receive the shares and runs a secret-sharing\nreconstruction algorithm to recover the files. An attacker (insider or\noutsider) who compromises or colludes with less than k platforms cannot learn\nthe user's files or modify the files stealthily. To authenticate the user to\nmultiple cloud platforms, PASSAT crucially stores the authentication\ncredentials, specific to each platform on a password manager, protected under\nthe user's master password. Upon requesting access to files, the user enters\nthe password to unlock the vault and fetches the authentication tokens using\nwhich PASSAT can interact with cloud storage. Our instantiation of PASSAT based\non (2, 3)-XOR secret sharing of Kurihara et al., implemented with three popular\nstorage providers, namely, Google Drive, Box, and Dropbox, confirms that our\napproach can efficiently enhance the confidentiality, integrity, and\navailability of the stored files with no changes on the servers.\n
Functional expression and subcellular localization of an anion exchanger cloned from choroid plexus. (1990)

We have isolated rat brain cDNA clones encoding AE2, a homologue of the erythrocyte anion exchanger, band 3 (AE1). Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization reveal that, in brain, AE2 expression is restricted to the basolateral membrane of the choroid plexus epithelium. Expression of a full-length mouse AE2 cDNA in COS-7 cells resulted in chloride- and bicarbonate-dependent alterations in intracellular pH, demonstrating that AE2 is a Cl/HCO3 exchanger. Cation replacement studies indicate that AE2-mediated exchange is independent of extracellular sodium. COS-7 cells expressing a mutant rat AE2 cDNA clone that lacks the cytoplasmic NH2-terminal 660 amino acids exhibit identical responses to cation and anion substitution. These results indicate that this domain does not play a significant role in either correct insertion of the transporter into the plasma membrane or anion exchange.
Stimulated Brillouin scattering and ponderomotive self-focusing from a single laser hot spot (1995)

The parametric interaction of a focused Gaussian laser beam with ion plasma modes has been studied by using two dimensional nonparaxial spectral code [Phys. Fluids B 5, 3748 (1993)]. It is shown that the reflectivity of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) from the single laser hot spot is dominated by backscattering. The reflectivity scales with the stationary gain coefficient and very closely follows predictions of a simple three wave coupling model. This is in spite of essentially nonlinear SBS behavior, which develops in the inhomogeneous density channels formed by the ponderomotive force of the beam, where it competes with the self-focusing instability (SFI). For the relatively short focal lengths (f/number&amp;lt;10) the SFI is diffraction limited and evolves until hot spot is focused to a size of few laser wavelengths. The SFI is responsible for the broad and anisotropic angular distribution of the transmitted light.