gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationships of gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, inflammation, and the gut barrier in Parkinson's disease (2020)

Abstract Background: Previous studies have reported that gut microbiota, permeability, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and inflammation are altered in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but how these factors are linked and contribute to disease processes and symptoms remains uncertain. This study sought to compare and identify associations among these factors in PD patients and controls to elucidate their interrelations and links to clinical manifestations of PD. Methods: Stool and plasma samples and clinical data were collected from 55 PD patients and 56 controls. Levels of stool SCFAs and stool and plasma inflammatory and permeability markers were compared between patients and controls and related to one another and to the gut microbiota. Results: Calprotectin was increased and SCFAs decreased in stool in PD in a sex-dependent manner. Inflammatory markers in plasma and stool were neither intercorrelated nor strongly associated with SCFA levels. Age at PD onset was positively correlated with SCFAs and negatively correlated with CXCL8 and IL-1β in stool. Fecal zonulin correlated positively with fecal NGAL and negatively with PD motor and non-motor symptoms. Microbiota diversity and composition were linked to levels of stool SCFAs, inflammation, and zonulin. Certain relationships differed between patients and controls and by sex. Conclusions: Intestinal inflammatory responses and reductions in fecal SCFAs occur in PD, are related to the microbiota and to disease onset, and are not reflected in plasma inflammatory profiles. Some of these relationships are PD- and sex-dependent. Alterations in microbiota-host interactions and links between intestinal inflammation and reduced SCFA levels and earlier PD onset warrant further investigation.
Procalcitonin increase after endotoxin injection in normal subjects. (1994)

As procalcitonin concentrations have been shown to be elevated in patients with septicemia and gram-negative infections in particular, we proceeded to investigate the effect of endotoxin, a product of gram-negative bacteria, on procalcitonin concentrations in normal human volunteers. Endotoxin from Escherichia coli 0113:H10:k, was injected i.v. at a dose of 4 mg/kg BW into these healthy volunteers. Blood samples were obtained before and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h after injection of the endotoxin. Each patient's cardiovascular and overall clinical status was monitored over this period. The patients developed chills and rigors, myalgia, and fever between 1-3 h. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels increased sharply at 1 h and peaked at 90 min, reaching the baseline concentration thereafter by 6 h. Interleukin-6 levels increased more gradually, peaking at 3 h and reaching the baseline concentration at 8 h. The procalcitonin concentration, which was undetectable (< 10 pg/mL) at 0, 1, and 2 h, was detectable at 4 h and peaked at 6 h, maintaining a plateau through 8 and 24 h (4 ng/mL). There was no elevation of calcitonin concentrations, which remained below 10 pg/mL, the lowest sensitivity of the assay. Procalcitonin was measured by a two-antibody immunoradiometric assay specific for this peptide, with no cross-reactivity with calcitonin, katacalcin, or calcitonin gene-related peptide. We conclude that endotoxin induces the release of procalcitonin systemically, that this increase is not associated with an increase in calcitonin, and that the increase in procalcitonin associated with septicemia in patients may be mediated through the effect of endotoxin described here. Whether procalcitonin participates in the mechanisms underlying inflammation remains to be investigated.
Stützbauwerke (2018)

Dieser Beitrag entspricht im Wesentlichen den Ausführungen im Beton-Kalender 2007 mit einigen Ergänzungen und Aktualisierungen der Normen auf den Stand 2018. Seine Ermittlung kann nach der DIN 4085:2017-08 erfolgen. Dabei wird ein Nachweis der Lagesicherheit, der Nachweis der ständigen und vorübergehenden Bemessungssituationen von Grenzzuständen im Tragwerk und im Baugrund sowie getrennt der Nachweis gegen Aufschwimmen und gegen einen hydraulischen Grundbruch gefordert. Ausgehend von einer Systematisierung der Stützbauwerke werden sowohl flache Stützkonstruktionen – Gewichtsstützmauern, Winkelstützmauern, Raumgitter-Stützkonstruktionen, Bewehrte Erde, Bodenvernagelungen (Injektionsverdübelungen) und Entwässerung – und ausgewählte, tiefe Stützbauwerke – Spundwände, Trägerbohlwände, Pfähle und Pfahlwände, Schlitzwände, Stützflüssigkeiten, Verankerungen und Fangwände – als auch sonstige Stützkonstruktionen ausführlicher behandelt. Wesentliche Themen sind dabei das Tragverhalten, die Bemessung und die konstruktive Durchbildung. Einen speziellen Abschnitt bilden die ingenieurbiologischen Sicherungsmaßnahmen sowie der Abschnitt über die Dauerhaftigkeit und Robustheit von Stützkonstruktionen.
Supplementary Table 1 from Noninvasive Detection of Microsatellite Instability and High Tumor Mutation Burden in Cancer Patients Treated with PD-1 Blockade (2023)

&lt;p&gt;125 Gene List for FFPE Tissue Analyses&lt;/p&gt;
Stable Three-Axis Nuclear Spin Gyroscope in Diamond (2012)

We propose a sensitive and stable three-axis gyroscope in diamond. We achieve high sensitivity by exploiting the long coherence time of the N14 nuclear spin associated with the Nitrogen-Vacancy center in diamond, and the efficient polarization and measurement of its electronic spin. While the gyroscope is based on a simple Ramsey interferometry scheme, we use coherent control of the quantum sensor to improve its coherence time as well as its robustness against long-time drifts, thus achieving a very robust device with a resolution of 0.5mdeg/s/(Hz mm^3)^(1/2). In addition, we exploit the four axes of delocalization of the Nitrogen-Vacancy center to measure not only the rate of rotation, but also its direction, thus obtaining a compact three-axis gyroscope.
Clinical, Angiographic, and Procedural Predictors of Angiographic Restenosis After Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation in Complex Patients (2004)

Angiographic restenosis after SES implantation in complex patients is an infrequent event, occurring mainly in association with lesion-based characteristics and diabetes mellitus.
Prospectives to tractor cabin design with computational acoustics tools (2011)

Computational acoustical models allow automated optimization of tractor design with respect to acoustic properties, which could speed up significantly the design process of tractor cabin prototypes. This article gives insightful prospectives to the tractor design process by considering modern computational acoustics technology. Mathematical formulation for a system consisting of vibrating elastic tractor structure and airfilled acoustic enclosure are given and a related numerical solution technique with finite element method (FEM) is presented. Simulation results produced with commercially available software are reviewed.
Letter to the Editor (1988)

Division of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine in Shreveport, Louisiana State University Medical Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932
Kinetics and mechanism of soot formation in hydrocarbon combustion (1990)

The focus of this work was on kinetic modeling. The specific objectives were: detailed modeling of soot formation in premixed flames, elucidation of the effects of fuel structure on the pathway to soot, and the development of a numerical technique for accurate modeling of soot particle coagulation and surface growth. Those tasks were successfully completed and are briefly summarized.
Sea clutter: Scattering, the K distribution and radar performance (2007)

This book examines the statistics of radar scattering from the sea surface in terms of their relevance to radar operating in a maritime environment; including remote sensing , surveillance and targeting appliances. A lot of the work in the book iss based on the compound K-distribution model for the amplitude statistics of sea clutter. In addition, the book addresses the specification of performance required by customers and the measurement of performance of systems supplied to customers.
Mixed Dimethylammonium/Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Crystals for Improved Structural Stability and Enhanced Photodetection (2021)

The solvent acidolysis crystallization technique is utilized to grow mixed dimethylammonium/methylammonium lead tribromide (DMA/MAPbBr<sub>3</sub> ) crystals reaching the highest dimethylammonium incorporation of 44% while maintaining the 3D cubic perovskite phase. These mixed perovskite crystals show suppression of the orthorhombic phase and a lower tetragonal-to-cubic phase-transition temperature compared to MAPbBr<sub>3</sub> . A distinct behavior is observed in the temperature-dependent photoluminescence properties of MAPbBr<sub>3</sub> and mixed DMA/MAPbBr<sub>3</sub> crystals due to the different organic cation dynamics governing the phase transition(s). Furthermore, lateral photodetectors based on these crystals show that, at room temperature, the mixed crystals possess higher detectivity compared to MAPbBr<sub>3</sub> crystals caused by structural compression and reduced surface trap density. Remarkably, the mixed-crystal devices exhibit large enhancement in their detectivity below the phase-transition temperature (at 200 K), while for the MAPbBr<sub>3</sub> devices only insignificant changes are observed. The high detectivity of the mixed crystals makes them attractive for visible-light communication and for space applications. The results highlight the importance of the synthetic technique for compositional engineering of halide perovskites that governs their structural and optoelectronic properties.
Dynamic Steiner Tree and Subgraph TSP (2013)

In this paper we study the Steiner tree problem over a dynamic set of terminals. We consider the model where we are given an n-vertex graph G = (V,E,w) with positive real edge weights, and our goal is to maintain a tree inG which is a good approximation of the minimum Steiner tree spanning a terminal set S ⊆ V, which changes over time. The changes applied to the terminal set are either terminal additions (incremental scenario), terminal removals (decremental scenario), or both (fully dynamic scenario). Our task here is twofold. We want to support updates in sublinear o(n) time, and keep the approximation factor of the algorithm as small as possible. The Steiner tree problem is one of the core problems in combinatorial optimization. It has been studied in many different settings, starting from classical approximation algorithms, through online and stochastic models, ending with game theoretic approaches. However, almost no progress has been made in the dynamic setting. The reason for this seems to be the lack of tools in both online approximation algorithms and dynamic algorithms. In this paper we develop appropriate methods that contribute to both these areas. The first ingredient belongs to the area of online algorithms. We prove that it is possible to
Combination of amylopectin and chromium form improves energy storage and reduces muscle fatigue in rats during exhaustive exercise (2019)

This study evaluated the effects of amylopectin (A) and chromium (Cr) forms alone or in combination on energy storage, muscle fatigue-related biochemical markers, and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR-γ) and glucose transporter-2 and -4 (GLUT-2 and GLUT-4) in rats during exhaustive exercise. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 7) as follows: 1) exhaustive exercise (E); 2) E+A; 3) E+A+chromium picolinate (CrPic); 4) E+A+chromium histidinate (CrHis), and 5) E+A+CrPic+CrHis. Rats received 0.0316 g of amylopectin and 11.06 µg of elemental Cr kg$^{-1}$ body weight given as CrPic and CrHis per day. The mean duration of exercise differed (55 ± 1.15 vs. 76 ± 1.91) between groups (P < 0.05). Blood glucose level was significantly reduced in the E+A+CrPic+CrHis group compared to the E group. The E+A+CrPic+CrHis group was superior in terms of increasing muscle and liver glycogen contents and blood insulin concentration and of decreasing serum lactate concentration (P < 0.05 for all). However, A and Cr did not alter GLUT-2, GLUT-4, and PPAR-γ expressions. In conclusion, A in combination with supplemental Cr enhanced energy-yielding nutrient conservation and reduced muscle fatigue in exercised rats. They can also help prevent racehorse performance and disability problems.
Denial of bistatic hosting by spatial–temporal waveform design (2005)

A set of theoretical techniques to prevent a radar from being used by a bistatic radar receiver as a non-cooperative illuminator are analysed. This works by radiating in addition to the radar signal waveform, a ‘masking signal’ waveform which is orthogonal to the radar signal waveform, both in the coding domain and the spatial domain. A number of different coding schemes are analysed. Two spatial coding methods are presented and analysed: the first uses a pair of interferometer elements at the extremities of the radar antenna array; the second uses a Butler matrix to generate a set of orthogonal beams. System-level calculations are presented to show the level of masking of the radar signal received by a bistatic radar receiver, and the suppression of the masking signal in the host radar echo. Some ideas for further work are presented.
Laboratory tools and e-learning elements in training of acousto-optics (2015)

Due to the acousto-optic (AO) effect, the refractive index of an optical interaction medium is perturbed by an acoustic wave induced in the medium that builds up a phase grating that will diffract the incident light beam if the condition of constructive interference is satisfied. All parameters, such as magnitude, period or phase of the grating can be controlled that allows the construction of useful devices (modulators, switches, one or multi-dimensional deflectors, spectrum analyzers, tunable filters, frequency shifters, etc.) The research and training of acousto-optics have a long-term tradition at our department. In this presentation, we introduce the related laboratory exercises fitted into an e-learning frame. The BSc level exercise utilizes a laser source and an AO cell to demonstrate the effect and principal AO functions explaining signal processing terms such as amplitude or frequency modulation, modulation depth and Fourier transformation ending up in building a free space sound transmitting and demodulation system. The setup for MSc level utilizes an AO filter with mono- and polychromatic light sources to learn about spectral analysis and synthesis. Smart phones can be used to generate signal inputs or outputs for both setups as well as to help students’ preparation and reporting.
Epidermal growth factor receptor expression and function control cytotoxic responsiveness to tumor necrosis factor in ME-180 squamous carcinoma cells. (1993)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induces dose-dependent but incomplete cytotoxicity in ME-180 cervical carcinoma cells, suggesting that TNF response heterogeneity exists within this cell line. To investigate cellular properties associated with TNF-mediated cytotoxicity, ME-180 cell variants were isolated that stably expressed complete resistance (ME-180R) or sensitivity (ME-180S) to TNF and were compared to the parental cell line. Analysis of 125I-TNF binding on variant and parental cells provided evidence for postreceptor regulation of TNF responsiveness. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor expression in TNF-resistant ME-180R cells was 3-fold higher than that expressed in the parental population and 4-fold higher when compared to TNF-sensitive ME-180S cells. High expression levels correlated with increased EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity and receptor tyrosine phosphorylation. Southern and Northern blot analysis provided evidence of amplification and overexpression of the EGF receptor gene and its message in ME-180R cells which approached the content and alternate mRNA species expressed in A431 cells. Although 3-fold greater levels of total cellular EGF receptor protein were detected in ME-180R cell lysates, and its cell surface localization was confirmed by immunodetection, these cells were paradoxically unable to bind greater quantities of 125I-EGF or to express greater cytotoxic sensitivity to an EGF-diphtheria toxin fusion protein. Overall, these results suggest that expression of EGF receptor protein, its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity, or its phosphotyrosine content may alter TNF cytotoxic signal transduction and control TNF responsiveness within the ME-180 cell line.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gravitational Collision Efficiency of Nonspherical Aerosols II: Motion of an Oblate Spheroid in a Viscous Fluid (1985)

The collisional dynamics of nonspherical aerosols is modeled by the introduction of a shape factor, β. Mechanistic calculation of β requires knowledge of the flow fields around the aerosols. Since actual aerosols can be complicated in shape and since the computation of flow fields can be quite difficult, insights into the nature of β are gained by using the superposition technique and studying aerosols that have tractable flow fields. The motion of an oblate spheroid in a viscous fluid is considered. The Navier-Stokes equations and associated boundary conditions are represented in oblate spheroidal coordinates. A combination of finite differences and spline-interpolation techniques is used to transform these equations to a form suitable for numerical computations. Converged results for the flow fields are obtained for a 0 to 5 range of Reynolds numbers. In the limit of zero Reynolds number, the results are found to be in agreement with the analytical solutions of Oberbeck.
Depression Symptom Severity and Reported Treatment History in the Prediction of Cardiac Risk in Women With Suspected Myocardial Ischemia (2006)

Among women with suspected myocardial ischemia, a combination of depressive symptom severity and treatment history was a strong predictor of an elevated CAD risk profile and increased risk of cardiac events compared with those without depression or with only 1 of the 2 measured depression markers. These findings reinforce the importance of assessing mental health factors in women at elevated CAD risk. Focusing only on baseline depression symptom severity may provide an incomplete picture of CAD risk.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Heterocycles Related to Carbendazim (2014)

Three types of compounds were synthesized from carbendazim ( 1 ), a benzimidazole derivative (Scheme ). They included a group of esters at N1 prepared by treating carbendazim with isocyanates bearing ester groups ( 2a , 2b , 2c ), carboxyalkyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐ s ‐triazino[1,2‐a]benzimidazole‐2,4‐dione esters ( 3a and 3b , 3d and 3c derived from 3a . The antitumor potencies of the N1 esters were in the range of 7 to 40 μM, which compares favorably with carbendazim, but their water solubilities were low. The s ‐triazine derivatives showed activity against pancreatic tumor cells, and one of them ( 3b ) was active in mice, but they were not effective against other tumor types. Treatment of carbendazim with 3‐bromopropionyl chloride produced 1‐methoxycarbonyl‐4‐oxo‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydropyrimido[1,2‐a]benzimidazole ( 4 ), which gave 1‐(3‐aminopropionyl)benzimidazole 2‐methylcarbamates, substituted on the amino nitrogen ( 5a , 5b , and 5d ), when treated with amines. These products showed some antitumor activity in cell cultures, and an ethoxy derivative ( 5c ), obtained by treating 1‐methoxycarbonyl‐4‐oxo‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydropyrimido[1,2‐a]benzimidazole with sodium ethoxide, was active in the 67–150 μM range. Some of the new compounds had good water solubility. Carbendazim kills tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin; however, s ‐triazine 3b , which differs from it in size and functional groups, does not act by this mechanism.
Nanoplasmonic resonance energy transfer spectroscopic pH imaging (2009)

Nano plasmonic resonance energy transfer (PRET) spectroscopy is a new sensing technique to study the electronic energy transfer between plasmonic nanoparticles and adsorbed biological/chemical molecules. PRET spectroscopy has been used to detect complex biomolecular activities including conformational change, electron transfer and protein interactions with ultrahigh sensitivity and specificity. Here we demonstrate in vitro and intracellular imaging of pH values using PRET spectroscopy. Potentially submicron spatial resolution and decimal pH sensitivity can be achieved in PRET pH imaging.
Pulsed Electrophoresis (1987)

Pulsed gel electrophoresis uses newly discovered physical phenomena to size separate giga-dalton molecules in agarose gel. Large DNA molecules are easily deformable random coils in solution, and suitably pulsed electrical fields (applied across a gel) dynamically modulate the DNA coil conformation immersed in a gel matrix. Although not fully understood, conformational changes affect electrophoretic mobilities which are strongly dependent on pulse frequency. Experimentally, one or more sets of electrodes are used, and field gradients appear to enhance simultaneous size resolution over a broad range of molecular weights. Ancillary methodology was developed using DNA embedded in agarose to reliably prepare intact giga-dalton sized DNA molecules suitable for biochemical and pulsed electrophoresis analysis. This combination of new methodologies has generated novel approaches for solving difficult problems concerning genome organization.
Muscle function, physical performance and body composition changes in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (2012)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common visceral malignancy in men with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) the preferred therapy to suppress testosterone production and hence tumor growth. Despite its effectiveness in lowering testosterone, ADT is associated with side effects including loss of muscle mass, diminished muscle strength, decrements in physical performance, earlier fatigue and declining quality of life. This review reports a survey of the literature with a focus on changes in muscle strength, physical function and body composition, due to short-term and long-term ADT. Studies in these areas are sparse, especially well-controlled, prospective randomized trials. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data (up to 2 years) for men with PCa treated with ADT as well as patients with PCa not receiving ADT and age-matched healthy men are presented when available. Based on limited longitudinal data, the adverse effects of ADT on muscle function, physical performance and body composition occur shortly after the onset of ADT and tend to persist and worsen over time. Exercise training is a safe and effective intervention for mitigating these changes and initial guidelines for exercise program design for men with PCa have been published by the American College of Sports Medicine. Disparities in study duration, types of studies and other patient-specific variables such as time since diagnosis, cancer stage and comorbidities may all affect an understanding of the influence of ADT on health, physical performance and mortality.