gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trading Off Global Fuel Supply, CO2 Emissions and Sustainable Development (2016)

The United Nations Conference on Climate Change (Paris 2015) reached an international agreement to keep the rise in global average temperature 'well below 2°C' and to 'aim to limit the increase to 1.5°C'. These reductions will have to be made in the face of rising global energy demand. Here a thoroughly validated dynamic econometric model (Eq 1) is used to forecast global energy demand growth (International Energy Agency and BP), which is driven by an increase of the global population (UN), energy use per person and real GDP (World Bank and Maddison). Even relatively conservative assumptions put a severe upward pressure on forecast global energy demand and highlight three areas of concern. First, is the potential for an exponential increase of fossil fuel consumption, if renewable energy systems are not rapidly scaled up. Second, implementation of internationally mandated CO2 emission controls are forecast to place serious constraints on fossil fuel use from ~2030 onward, raising energy security implications. Third is the challenge of maintaining the international 'pro-growth' strategy being used to meet poverty alleviation targets, while reducing CO2 emissions. Our findings place global economists and environmentalists on the same side as they indicate that the scale up of CO2 neutral renewable energy systems is not only important to protect against climate change, but to enhance global energy security by reducing our dependence of fossil fuels and to provide a sustainable basis for economic development and poverty alleviation. Very hard choices will have to be made to achieve 'sustainable development' goals.
OMD: Orthogonal Malware Detection using Audio, Image, and Static Features (2021)

With the growing number of malware and cyber attacks, there is a need for &#x201C;orthogonal&#x201D; cyber defense approaches, which are complementary to existing methods by detecting unique malware samples that are not predicted by other methods. In this paper, we propose a novel and orthogonal malware detection (OMD) approach to identify malware using a combination of audio descriptors, image similarity descriptors and other static/statistical features. First, we show how audio descriptors are effective in classifying malware families when the malware binaries are represented as audio signals. Then, we show that the predictions made on the audio descriptors are orthogonal to the predictions made on image similarity descriptors and other static features. Further, we develop a framework for error analysis and a metric to quantify how orthogonal a new feature set (or type) is with respect to other feature sets. This allows us to add new features and detection methods to our overall framework. Experimental results on malware datasets show that our approach provides a robust framework for orthogonal malware detection.
IFE plant technology overview and contribution to HiPER proposal (2011)

HiPER is the European Project for Laser Fusion that has been able to join 26 institutions and signed under formal government agreement by 6 countries inside the ESFRI Program of the European Union (EU). The project is already extended by EU for two years more (until 2013) after its first preparatory phase from 2008. A large work has been developed in different areas to arrive to a design of repetitive operation of Laser Fusion Reactor, and decisions are envisioned in the next phase of Technology Development or Risk Reduction for Engineering or Power Plant facilities (or both). Chamber design has been very much completed for Engineering phase and starting of preliminary options for Reactor Power Plant have been established and review here.
GPU computing with NVIDIA CUDA (2007)

Article Share on GPU computing with NVIDIA CUDA Author: Ian Buck NVIDIA NVIDIAView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '07: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 coursesAugust 2007 Pages 6–eshttps://doi.org/10.1145/1281500.1281647Published:05 August 2007Publication History 36citation540DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations36Total Downloads540Last 12 Months179Last 6 weeks23 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Enhanced Protective Coatings Based on Nanoparticle fullerene C60 for Oil & Gas Pipeline Corrosion Mitigation (2019)

Corrosion accounts for huge maintenance cost in the pipeline community. Promotion of protective coatings used for oil/gas pipeline corrosion control, in terms of high corrosion resistance as well as high damage tolerance, are still in high demand. This study was to explore the inclusion of nanoparticle fullerene-C60 in protective coatings for oil/gas pipeline corrosion control and mitigation. Fullerene-C60/epoxy nanocomposite coatings were fabricated using a solvent-free dispersion method through high-speed disk (HSD) and ultrasonication. The morphology of fullerene-C60 particles was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The data analysis indicated that the nanoparticles were effectively dispersed in the matrix. The performance of the nanocomposites was investigated through their mechanical and electrochemical properties, including corrosion potential, tensile strength, strain at failure, adhesion to substrate, and durability performance. Dogbone shaped samples were fabricated to study the tensile properties of the nanocomposites, and improvement of strength, ultimate strain, and Young's modulus were observed in the C60/epoxy specimens. The results demonstrated that the C60/epoxy composite coatings also had improvements in adhesion strength, suggesting that they could provide high damage tolerance of coatings for engineering applications. Moreover, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results generated from the accelerated durability test revealed that the developed fullerene-C60 loaded composite coatings exhibited significantly improved corrosion resistance. The nanocomposite with 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% of C60 particles behaved as an intact layer for corrosion protection, even after 200-h salt spray exposure, as compared to the control coating without nanofiller in which severe damage by over 50% reduction was observed.
Pulmonary Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Rare Manifestation of an Uncommon Condition (2012)

Herein we describe the case of a 64-year old man with a history of mantle cell lymphoma found to have evidence of pulmonary parenchymal involvement by recurrence of his lymphoma. While lung involvement is not necessarily uncommon with Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas as a group, it is very rare for mantle cell lymphoma to involve the lung parenchyma. In addition, the radiographic manifestation of his pulmonary lymphoma as a discrete FDG-avid ground-glass lesion on chest imaging was also distinctly uncommon for pulmonary lymphoma which classically appears in one of three patterns: scattered ill-defined nodules, a bronchovascular/lymphangitic process, or pneumonic/alveolar consolidation effectively indistinguishable from bacterial pneumonia. Due to significant underlying lung disease our patient was not a candidate for high-dose conditioning and autologous stem cell transplantation. He was ultimately treated with rituximab and cladribine therapy and had early signs of clinical response at last correspondence.
REAL TIME DIGITAL VIDEO WATERMARKING FOR DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT VIA MODIFICATION OF VLCS (2006)

Digital watermarking is a data hiding technology that can be used for digital rights management. It embeds an invisible signal including owner identification and copy control information into multimedia data for copyright protection against illegal copying and distribution. In this paper, we embed the watermark in I-pictures of the MPEG video sequence by modifying VLCs (Variable Length Codes) directly to avoid inverse DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) and inverse quantization. The modification of VLCs is intended to minimize the perceptual degradation of video quality caused by the embedded watermark. Because we select VLCs with the same run value and code word length to be modified, the compressed video stream does not increase in size. Furthermore, our proposed watermarking scheme protects the embedded information by means of a secret key and a PRNG (Pseudo Random Number Generator) to generate a random binary sequence for watermarking. We apply three MPEG-1 video sequences to test our proposed algorithm. Since the watermark can be extracted by simple table lookup without using original video sequences, the computational overhead is very small. Therefore, the decoding of the watermarked video sequence can be real time for viewing. The proposed algorithm can be easily applied to MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 videos also for digital rights management.
Deficiency of biodegradable plastic-degrading enzyme production in a gene-deletion mutant of phyllosphere yeast, Pseudozyma antarctica defective in mannosylerythritol lipid biosynthesis (2019)

The basidiomycetous yeast Pseudozyma antarctica (currently designated Moesziomyces antarcticus) produces extracellular enzymes and glycolipids, including mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs), which are biosurfactants. Strain GB-4(0) of this species was previously isolated from rice husks and produces biodegradable plastic-degrading enzyme (Pseudozyma antarctica esterase; PaE). In this study, we generated a MEL biosynthesis-deficient strain (∆PaEMT1) by deleting the gene PaEMT1, which is essential to MEL biosynthesis in strain GB-4(0). The resulting ∆PaEMT1 strain showed deficient PaE activity, and the corresponding signal was hardly detected in its culture supernatant through western blotting analysis using rabbit anti-PaE serum. On the other hand, the relative expression of the gene PaCLE1, encoding PaE, was identical between GB-4(0) and ∆PaEMT1 based on quantitative real-time PCR. When strain ∆PaEMT1 was grown in culture media supplemented with various surfactants, i.e., Tween20, BRIJ35 and TritonX-100, and MELs, PaE activity and secretion recovered. We also attempted to detect intracellular PaE using cell-free extract, but observed no signal in the soluble or insoluble fractions of ∆PaEMT1. This result suggested that the PaCLE1 gene was not translated to PaE, or that expressed PaE was degraded immediately in ∆PaEMT1. Based on these results, MEL biosynthesis is an important contributor to PaE production.
Factors in Choosing a STEMI Reperfusion Strategy (2006)

For ST-segment-elevation MI (STEMI), the advantage of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) over fibrinolytic therapy can be diminished by a long door-to-balloon (D2B) time. In this industry-funded retrospective analysis of 192,509 patients in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction, researchers subtracted the median door-to-needle (D2N) time from …
Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Automotive Radar Interference Mitigation (2020)

The interest of the automotive industry has progressively focused on subjects related to driver assistance systems as well as autonomous cars. Cars combine a variety of sensors to perceive their surroundings robustly. Among them, radar sensors are indispensable because of their independence of lighting conditions and the possibility to directly measure velocity. However, radar interference is an issue that becomes prevalent with the increasing amount of radar systems in automotive scenarios. In this paper, we address this issue for frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radars with fully convolutional neural networks (FCNs), a state-of-the-art deep learning technique. We propose two FCNs that take spectrograms of the beat signals as input, and provide the corresponding clean range profiles as output. We propose two architectures for interference mitigation which outperform the classical zeroing technique. Moreover, considering the lack of databases for this task, we release as open source a large scale data set that closely replicates real world automotive scenarios for single-interference cases, allowing others to objectively compare their future work in this domain. The data set is available for download at: http://github.com/ristea/arim.
DIGRAF—a FORTRAN implementation of the proposed GSPC standard (1978)

A machine-independent FORTRAN implementation of the GSPC proposed standard is presented. DIGRAF ( D evice I ndependent GRA phics from F ORTRAN) has been designed to closely parallel level-3 of the 'CORE' system. The present implementation allows portability to any computer with a FORTRAN compiler and a word length of at least 16-bits. Several CORE system design issues are discussed from the implementor's viewpoint. A breakdown of the functional modules reinforces the portability aspects. Special features of the user interface are presented. A storage structure for retained segments is presented with a review of the memory management alternatives. The device-dependent interface for two common classes of devices is discussed. Finally, the design and data structure techniques used to implement several CORE functions is presented.
Measurement of jet shapes inp¯pcollisions at √s=1.8 TeV (1993)

We present a measurement of jet shapes in p\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}p collisions at \ensuremath{\surd}s =1.8 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron using the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). Qualitative agreement is seen with the predictions of recent next-to-leading [O(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}^{3}$)] calculations and with leading logarithm QCD based Monte Carlo simulations. The dependence of the jet shape on transverse energy is studied.
Magnetoresistance Effect in Isotropic RE<SUB>1&minus;x</SUB>Sr<SUB>x</SUB>Mn<SUB>1&minus;y</SUB>TM<SUB>y</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> (RE=La, Pr, Nd, Sm; TM=3d transition metal) Ceramics (1996)

Bulk samples of RE1−xSrxMn1−yTMyO3 (RE=La, Pr, Nd, Sm; TM=3d transition metal) ceramics were prepared by using conventional ceramic techniques, and the magnetic/electric properties and the magnetoresistance effects defined as Δρ⁄ρ0=(ρH−ρ0)⁄ρ0 where ρ0 is the zero field resistivity and ρH is the resistivity in applied magnetic field, were systematically investigated. All studied samples (x=1/3) showed perovskite-like structure. For examples, Pr2⁄3Sr1⁄3MnO3 sample sintered at 1573 K showed MR ratio of −10% at room temperature, and Sm2⁄3Sr1⁄3MnO3 sample showed MR ratio of −80% at 77 K. Then MR ratio tends to have a maximum around the Curie temperature of the sample. The MR values of the samples for substituting Mn of B-site ions by the other 3d transition metals, such as LaMn4⁄5V1⁄5O3 and LaMn4⁄5Cr1⁄5O3 are −24% at 120 K and −15% at 140 K respectively.
Kinetic Study on CO-Selective Methanation over Nickel-Based Catalysts for Deep Removal of CO from Hydrogen-Rich Reformate (2021)

The CO-selective methanation process is considered as a promising CO removal process for compact fuel processors producing hydrogen, since the process selectively converts the trace of CO in the hydrogen-rich gas into methane without additional reactants. Two different types of efficient nickel-based catalysts, showing high activity and selectivity to the CO methanation reaction, were developed in our previous works; therefore, the kinetic models of the reactions over these nickel-based catalysts have been investigated adopting the mechanistic kinetic models based on the Langmuir chemisorption theory. In the methanation process, the product species can react with the reactant and also affect the adsorption/desorption of the molecules at the active sites. Thus, the kinetic parameter study should be carried out by global optimization handling all the rate equations for the plausible reactions at once. To estimate the kinetic parameters, an effective optimization algorithm combining both heuristic and deterministic methods is used due to the large solution space and the nonlinearity of the objective function. As a result, 14 kinetic parameters for each catalyst have been determined and the parameter sets for the catalysts have been compared to understand the catalytic characteristics.
Control of robot using a brain computer interface (2014)

Summary form only given. In the video, experiments demonstrating the control of robot using a brain computer interface are shown. This is done using “actemes”. Actemes are fundamental units of action. The actemes can be combined to perform complex tasks. The user who performs the tasks imagines the complex actions as an ordered combination of actemes. The EEG of the user during the process is collected and classified in real-time using independent component analysis (ICA)[1, 2] and a neural network classifier[3, 4] to identify the actemes. This ordered set of actemes can be considered to be meaningful sentence in a language. The order in which the complex action is constructed is called the grammar. Two such tasks are demonstrated using these experiments. The first task involves insertion of round peg into a hole and rotating the peg inorder to simulate the insertion of a screw into threaded hole. The actemes involved are “insert” and “rotate”. The second task is a point-to-point movement of a peg in which the peg is to be moved from a circular zone at the bottom right to the circular zone centered at the cross hair at the top left of the screen. The representative image is shown in Fig 1.
T cells containing T cell receptor excision circles are inversely related to HIV replication and are selectively and rapidly released into circulation with antiretroviral treatment (2003)

These findings suggest that recent thymic emigrants are sequestered in lymphoid tissue during uncontrolled HIV replication and are selectively released into circulation rapidly after initiation of antiretroviral therapies.
Optimization of the ambiguity function of binary sequences and their mismatched filters for use in CTDMA systems (2002)

For the application in a cellular common-code spread-spectrum multiple access system, referred to as code time division multiple access (CTDMA), the ambiguity function of the binary spreading sequence and its mismatched despreading filter is optimized. In cellular CTDMA systems, the user signals are first separated by a symbol-level TDMA scheme and then spread in a DS-CDMA fashion by a common (cell-specific) binary spreading sequence.
A Virtual Adaptive Beamforming Approach for Feature Enhanced SAR Tomography (2019)

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (TomoSAR) is a remote sensing technique that allows for the 3-D representation of the illuminated areas, recovering the vertical distribution of the backscattered power at each range-azimuth position. In this context, and with the aim of retrieving feature-enhanced tomograms, this paper addresses a new multi-stage iterative method that operates robustly in real-world TomoSAR operating scenarios with irregularly distributed acquisition constellations and only few available looks. The addressed approach alleviates the drawbacks of the conventional matched spatial filter (MSF) technique, which retrieves high ambiguity levels when irregular sampling is considered. Also, it alleviates the drawbacks of the commonly used Capon beamforming technique, which results to be inapplicable when the involved data covariance (structure) matrices are rank deficient. The addressed novel method combines the descriptive experiment design regularization (DEDR) framework for enhanced image reconstruction, with the wavelet domain thresholding (WDT)-based sparsity promoting refinement in the wavelet transform (WT) domain. The capabilities of the addressed WDT-refined virtual adaptive beamforming (VAB) approach, which we refer to as WAVAB, are corroborated via processing P-band airborne TomoSAR data of the German Aerospace Center (DLR), acquired by the E-SAR system over the test site located at the Vindeln municipality, northern Sweden, in 2008.
Comparative Analysis of Two GPS Forward Scattering Systems For Cars Parameter Estimation (2018)

In this paper, by comparing the GPS shadow parameters of the same cars obtainedf om the same satellites and recorded by the two different systems under the same conditions, the Stereo dual GNSSfi ont end (NSL's) and the GPS recording system of the Colorado University, we assess indirectly the capabilities of the new system for FSR applications.
Multi-task deep neural network for multi-label learning (2013)

This paper proposes a multi-task deep neural network (MT-DNN) architecture to handle the multi-label learning problem, in which each label learning is defined as a binary classification task, i.e., a positive class for “an instance owns this label” and a negative class for “an instance does not own this label”. Multi-label learning is accordingly transformed to multiple binary-class classification tasks. Considering that a deep neural nets (DNN) architecture can learn good intermediate representations shared across tasks, we generalize one classification task of traditional DNN into multiple binary classification tasks through defining the output layer with a negative class node and a positive class node for each label. After a similar pretraining process to deep belief nets, we redefine the label assignment error of MT-DNN and perform the back-propagation algorithm to fine-tune the network. To evaluate the proposed model, we carry out image annotation experiments on two public image datasets, with 2000 images and 30,000 images respectively. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed model achieves the state-of-the-art performance.
OUTER RETINAL STRUCTURE AFTER CLOSED-GLOBE BLUNT OCULAR TRAUMA (2014)

We observe persistent outer retinal disruption in subjects with visual complaints after closed-globe blunt ocular trauma, albeit to a variable degree. Adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy imaging allows the assessment of photoreceptor structure at a level of detail not resolvable using spectral domain optical coherence tomography or other current clinical imaging tools. Multimodal imaging seems to be useful in revealing the cause of visual complaints in patients after closed-globe blunt ocular trauma. Future studies are needed to better understand how photoreceptor structure changes longitudinally in response to various traumas.