gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Association and Linkage Disequilibrium Analyses of APOE Polymorphisms in Atherosclerosis (2008)

In summary, the epsilon2 allele was in linkage disequilibrium with the -427C allele in all studied groups, and only slight associations between the analyzed APOE polymorphisms in the promoter and in the coding region and carotid and coronary vascular disease have been observed.
Global mapping of RNA-chromatin contacts reveals a proximity-dominated connectivity model for ncRNA-gene interactions (2022)

Abstract Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcribed throughout the genome and provide regulatory inputs to gene expression through their interaction with chromatin. Yet, the genomic targets and functions of most ncRNAs are unknown. Here we use chromatin-associated RNA sequencing (ChAR-seq) to map the global network of ncRNA interactions with chromatin in human embryonic stem cells, and the dynamic changes in interactions during differentiation into definitive endoderm. We uncover general principles governing the organization of the RNA- chromatin interactome, demonstrating that nearly all ncRNAs exclusively interact with genes in close three-dimensional proximity to their locus, and provide a model predicting the interactome. We uncover RNAs that interact with many loci across the genome, and unveil thousands of unannotated RNAs that dynamically interact with chromatin. By relating the dynamics of the interactome to changes in gene expression, we demonstrate that activation or repression of individual genes is unlikely to be controlled by a single ncRNA.
Interferon-β Decreases the Hypermetabolic State of Red Blood Cells from Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (2022)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease characterized by damage to the myelin sheath surrounding axons in the central nervous system. While the exact mechanism of this destruction is unknown, excess nitric oxide (NO) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) have been measured in tissues and fluids obtained from people with MS. Here, incubation of interferon-beta (IFN-β), an MS drug with an unknown mechanism of action, with red blood cells (RBCs) obtained from people with MS provide evidence of a potential hypermetabolic state in the MS RBC that is decreased with IFN-β intervention. Specifically, binding of all three components of an albumin/C-peptide/Zn<sup>2+</sup> complex to MS RBCs was significantly increased in comparison to control RBCs. For example, the binding of C-peptide to MS RBCs was significantly increased (3.4 ± 0.1 nM) compared to control RBCs (1.6 ± 0.2 nM). However, C-peptide binding to MS RBCs was reduced to a value (1.6 ± 0.3 nM) statistically equal to that of control RBCs in the presence of 2 nM IFN-β. Similar trends were measured for albumin and Zn<sup>2+</sup> binding to RBCs when in the presence of IFN-β. RBC function was also affected by incubation of cells with IFN-β. Specifically, RBC-derived ATP and measurable membrane GLUT1 were both significantly decreased (56 and 24%, respectively) in the presence of IFN-β. Collectively, our results suggest that IFN-β inhibits albumin binding to the RBC, thereby reducing its ability to deliver ligands such as C-peptide and Zn<sup>2+</sup> to the cell and normalizing the basal hypermetabolic state.
The Excretion of Imidazoleacetic Acid Riboside Following the Administration of Imidazoleacetic Acid Or Histamine To Rats1 (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Excretion of Imidazoleacetic Acid Riboside Following the Administration of Imidazoleacetic Acid Or Histamine To Rats1Herbert Tabor and Osamu HayaishiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 2, 505–506Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01607a102https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01607a102research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A framework for chronic kidney disease diagnosis based on case based reasoning (2018)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease that causes damage to both kidneys and continues for a long time. The problem is that the damage is usually severe, which may lead to ill health. Studies have proven that CKD has become more common than previously thought CKD has become more common in older people especially who have diabetes mellitus. This may result in the spread of the disease in a broader range of population
Separation of NTSC Signals by Minimum Mean Square Error Filters and Adaptive Filters (1978)

Two techniques for separating a composite NTSC signal into luminance and chrominance components are developed and compared. In the first technique, fixed filters, which are based upon minimum mean square error estimators, are designed. It is shown that, when samples from successive lines are used, these filters have a comb structure in the region of the frequency spectrum in which the luminance and chrominance signals overlap. In the second technique, the composite signal is filtered by several filters, and the outputs of the filters are selected dependent upon the local characteristics of the picture. Both recursive and nonrecursive filters are considered, the criterion for selecting between filters is investigated and the effect of delayed decisions is determined. The various filters are compared using subjective criterion and a number of quantitative criterion. The relationships between the quantitative and qualitative criterion are stated.
Diagnostic application of padlock probes--multiplex detection of plant pathogens using universal microarrays (2005)

Padlock probes (PLPs) are long oligonucleotides, whose ends are complementary to adjacent target sequences. Upon hybridization to the target, the two ends are brought into contact, allowing PLP circularization by ligation. PLPs provide extremely specific target recognition, which is followed by universal amplification and microarray detection. Since target recognition is separated from downstream processing, PLPs enable the development of flexible and extendable diagnostic systems, targeting diverse organisms. To adapt padlock technology for diagnostic purposes, we optimized PLP design to ensure high specificity and eliminating ligation on non-target sequences under real-world assay conditions. We designed and tested 11 PLPs to target various plant pathogens at the genus, species and subspecies levels, and developed a prototype PLP-based plant health chip. Excellent specificity was demonstrated toward the target organisms. Assay background was determined for each hybridization using a no-target reference sample, which provided reliable and sensitive identification of positive samples. A sensitivity of 5 pg genomic DNA and a dynamic range of detection of 100 were observed. The developed multiplex diagnostic system was validated using genomic DNAs of characterized isolates and artificial mixtures thereof. The demonstrated system is adaptable to a wide variety of applications ranging from pest management to environmental microbiology.
ChemInform Abstract: Acetylenic Esters. Preparation and Characterization of Alkynyl Dialkyl Phosphates, RCCOPO(OR′)2. (1989)

Abstract The first preparation of the title compounds (V) (13 examples), is accomplished by reaction of iodosobenzene (I) with BF 3 ·Et 2 O and the acetylenic silanes (II) followed by treatment with aqueous dialkylphosphates (III) via the intermediate iodonium phosphates (IV).
Monolithic Integration of InGaN-Based Nanocolumn Light-Emitting Diodes with Different Emission Colors (2013)

We demonstrate the monolithic integration of green and orange InGaN-based nanocolumn light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Four nanocolumn LED crystals (LEDs 1 to 4), which consisted of regularly arranged InGaN-based nanocolumns in a triangular lattice of 400 nm lattice constant, were grown on the same GaN template on a (0001) sapphire substrate, with designed nanocolumn diameters D of 150, 190, 230, and 270 nm for LEDs 1–4, respectively. LEDs 1 to 3 operated under DC current injection at room temperature, emitting at 544, 583, and 597 nm, respectively. This experiment paves the way for the monolithic integration of three-primary-color nanocolumn LEDs.
Hepatoma-derived growth factor and nucleolin exist in the same ribonucleoprotein complex (2013)

The results provide evidence for the existence of HDGF and nucleolin containing nucleoprotein complexes which formation depends on the presence of specific mRNAs. The nature of these RNAs and other components of the complexes should be investigated in future.
Vinyl Triflimides—A Case of Assisted Vinyl Cation Formation (2019)

A new concept for selectivity control in carbocation-driven reactions has been identified which allows for the chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective addition of nucleophiles to alkynes-assisted vinyl cation formation-enabled by a Li<sup>+</sup> -based supramolecular framework. Mechanistic analysis of a model complex (Li<sub>2</sub> NTf<sub>2</sub> <sup>+</sup> ⋅3 H<sub>2</sub> O) confirms that solely the formation of a complex between the incoming nucleophile and the transition state of the alkyne protonation is responsible for the resulting selective N addition to the vinyl cation. Into the bargain, a general, operationally simple synthetic procedure to previously inaccessible vinyl triflimides is provided.
Color Subpixel Rendering Projectors and Flat Panel Displays (2003)

Recent advances in color subpixel rendering theory have enabled the economical manufacture of very high resolution flat panels for full color natural image display. The theory has been extended to projectors using displaced color imaging light modulators, enabling higher resolution image reconstruction with no increase in modulator pixel elements. Displacing the projected pixel locations for each color allows additional degrees of freedom with which to reconstruct the image. The resulting increase in ‘addressable points’ allows high spatial frequencies at and just below the traditional Nyquist Limit to be reconstructed over the full positional phase space, without aliasing or phase error, increasing observable image quality. The Modulation Transfer Function Limit is extended, adding image detail. Examples of color subpixel rendering algorithms for both flat panel & projector displays, and resulting performance improvement are examined. Implications for Electronic Digital Cinema and HDTV are explored.
Propagation of Partially Coherent Electromagnetic Beams through Multilayered Stratified Media (2014)

We present a theory of propagation of electromagnetic beams of any state of coherence and polarization through a stratified medium. We illustrate how coherence and polarization properties of a beam may change on such propagation.
[An immunohistochemical study on glycosaminoglycans distribution in the trabeculum of congenital aniridia]. (1997)

Distribution of glycosaminoglycans in the trabecular tissue was immunohistochemically investigated in 7 congenital aniridia eyes of 5 patients aged 0 to 43 days. Paraffin sections of each specimen were immunohistochemically stained with antibodies to chondoroitin (clone 1-B-5), chondoroitin-1-sulfate (2-B-6), chondoroitin-6-sulfate (3-B-3), dermatan sulfate (6-B-6), and keratan sulfate (5-D-4). The trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal in all eyes were absent or not well differentiated. The cornea, trabecular tissue, and iris stroma were negative for chondoroitin immunostaining but positive for chondoroitin-4-sulfate, chondoroitin-6-sulfate, dermatan sulfate and keratan sulfate immunostaining. In the normal anterior segment tissue keratan sulfate is present in the cornea, trabecular tissue, and iris at the fetal stage, and disappears from the iris at the neonatal stage. These findings suggest that the persistence and/or abnormal distribution of keratan sulfate in the anterior segment may play a role in the pathogenesis of congenital aniridia.
The dynamic multi-objective optimal dispatch of grid-connected micro grid (2016)

In this paper, a dynamic multi-objective day-ahead optimal dispatch model is constructed to minimize the operating cost and the environmental cost of the grid-connected micro grid which including wind power, photovoltaic power generation, battery and diesel generator. The optimal parameters are the charge/discharge value of battery and the output power of the diesel generator in 24 hours. In order to solve the nonlinear optimal problem with constraints, the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to get the Pareto front of the objective functions. The optimal dispatch schemes according to the lowest environmental cost and the lowest operating cost in the Pareto front are discussed respectively for two typical weather sceneries.
Geospatial Visualization using Google Maps: A Case Study onConference Presenters (2007)

The integration of web services with GIS has recently attracted much attention. Free web mapping services providers such as Google maps and microsoft virtual earth have become very popular. They use large distributed systems for information sharing on the Internet based on geospatial location. Also they provide their web APIs for professional developers. In this paper, a web mapping application based on conference presenters' geographic locations using Google maps is presented. It aims to demonstrate advanced features that current web mapping services can provide for location-based decision making. First system overview is presented. Then geographic location mapping methodologies including data mining, map feature generation and GeoRSS conversion are addressed. Finally geospatial visualization of the conference presenters as a case study is demonstrated.
Unabsorbed light beamlets for diagnosing coronal density profiles and absorption nonuniformity in direct-drive implosions on OMEGA (2021)

Laser light scattered from a target is the most-direct measurement for diagnosing laser absorption in a direct-drive implosion. The 3ω gated optical imager beamlets diagnostic images unabsorbed light from all 60 OMEGA beams as distinct "beamlet" spots for each beam. The implosion can be diagnosed using the position and intensity of these beamlets. The position of each beamlet in the image is determined by refraction and can be used to fit the coronal plasma density profile of the implosion. The inferred plasma density profiles are comparable to the profiles predicted by the 1D hydrodynamics code LILAC but suggest that the predictions underestimate the density farther out in the corona. The intensity of light in each spot depends on the cumulative effects of absorption and cross-beam energy transfer along the beamlet's path through the corona. The measured variation in intensity and polarization between similar spots indicates that absorption during OMEGA implosions is less uniform than previously known.
Trends in the Incidence of Outcomes Defining Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study: 1985–1991 (1993)

Incidence of clinical outcomes defining acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may be expected to change as a consequence of progressive immunosuppression and use of chemoprophylaxis before the onset of AIDS. Using Poisson regression methods, we examined trends in the incidence of initial and secondary AIDS-defining illnesses from 1985 to 1991 among 2,627 homosexual men participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1. The incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia rose steeply until 1987 but has declined since then (p < 0.001), while the other AIDS-defining conditions have showed significant (p < or = 0.039) upward trends. Trends for Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, neurologic disease, and cytomegalovirus/herpes simplex virus infections were explained by progressive immunosuppression, but residual downward and upward trends were present for P. carinii pneumonia and other opportunistic infections (bacterial, fungal, and protozoal infections and wasting syndrome). Despite selection bias, those receiving P. carinii pneumonia chemoprophylaxis showed a significantly lower incidence of P. carinii pneumonia (relative risk = 0.32, 95% confidence interval 0.16-0.63), and the time trends of P. carinii pneumonia were explained by progressive immunosuppression and use of prophylaxis. No significant effects on all other diagnoses were seen in those selected to receive antiretroviral therapy. Secondary diagnoses showed a strongly significant (p < 0.001) increase in non-P. carinii pneumonia and non-Kaposi's sarcoma among those with initial diagnoses of Kaposi's sarcoma. Overall, the trend observed in the incidence of other opportunistic infections underscores the need for developing and testing new strategies to curtail or delay the onset of these diseases.
A Comparison of Three Low Pressure Turbine Designs (2012)

As part of the current research, three LPT geometries — which were designed with a common pitch, axial chord, inlet angle, and exit Mach number and to create the same nominal level of turning — are compared. Each of the LPT cascades was investigated under a range of Reynolds numbers, exit Mach numbers, and under the influence of a moving bar wake generator. Profile static pressure distributions, wake traverses at 5% and 40% axial chord downstream of the trailing edge and suction side boundary layer traverses were used to compare the performance of the three designs. The total pressure losses are strongly dependant on both the maximum velocity location as well as the diffusion on the suction surface. The importance of the behavior of the pressure surface boundary layer turned out to be negligible in comparison. Cases with equivalent operating Reynolds number and suction side diffusion level are compared in terms of the total pressure losses that are generated. It is shown that a relationship between loss and suction side maximum velocity location exists. An optimum suction side maximum velocity location depends on the Reynolds number, diffusion factor, and wake passing frequency.
Physiological neutrophil sequestration in the lung: visual evidence for localization in capillaries (1987)

Although the lung is known to be a major site of neutrophil margination, the anatomic location of these sequestered cells within the lung is controversial. To determine the site of margination and the kinetics of neutrophil transit through the pulmonary microvasculature, we infused fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled canine neutrophils into the pulmonary arteries of 10 anesthetized normal dogs and made fluorescence videomicroscopic observations of the subpleural pulmonary microcirculation through a window inserted into the chest wall. The site of fluorescent neutrophil sequestration was exclusively in the pulmonary capillaries with a total of 951 labeled cells impeded in the capillary bed for a minimum of 2 s. No cells were delayed in the arterioles or venules. Transit times of individual neutrophils varied over a wide range from less than 2 s to greater than 20 min with an exponential distribution skewed toward rapid transit times. These observations indicate that neutrophil margination occurs in the pulmonary capillaries with neutrophils impeded for variable periods of time on each pass through the lung. The resulting wide distribution of transit times may determine the dynamic equilibrium between circulating and marginated neutrophils.
Wafer level packaging technology for silicon resonators (2009)

Recently, a family of low frequency silicon resonators with AlN piezoelectric activation has been developed. These devices need to be operated under vacuum. The main motivation for the packaging of resonator under vacuum is to increase the Q factor, and to guarantee the long-term stability of the resonance frequency. In order to minimize the size of packaged resonators, wafer level packaging (WLP) has been chosen.
Nonhuman Primate Model for Mitochondrial Gene Therapies. (2010)

Mitochondria are found in all eukaryotic cells and are essential for basic cellular function due to their principal role in the production of energy. Mitochondria contain their own genome (mt)DNA which, unlike the nuclear genome, is almost exclusively transmitted maternally from the egg. Mutations in mtDNA contribute to a diverse range of still incurable human diseases and disorders. To establish preclinical models for new therapeutic approaches, we recently demonstrated that the mitochondrial genome can be efficiently replaced in mature metaphase II arrested rhesus oocytes by chromosome transfer. Newly reconstructed oocytes consist of nuclear genetic material from one female and cytoplasmic components including mitochondria and mtDNA from another female. This approach yields developmentally competent oocytes suitable for fertilization and producing embryonic stem cells or healthy offspring. Potential clinical applications of this novel reproductive technology include mitochondrial gene replacement therapy to prevent transmission of mtDNA mutations and treatment of infertility caused by cytoplasmic defects in oocytes. (platform)
A self-steered array system for microwave communications (1994)

The paper presents a self-steered algorithm that can be used to correct pointing errors in microwave communications. The algorithm is based on the fact that the output power of an optimized beamformer achieves a local maximum if the steering vector coincides with that of the desired signal, as long as the interferences are outside the mainbeam. By approximating the steering vector by its first-order Taylor series expansion in terms of the steering angles, the maximization process reduces to a two-dimensional optimization problem. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the performance achievable.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
LASER SHORT-PULSE HEATING: INFLUENCE OF LASER POWER INTENSITY ON TEMPERATURE FIELDS (2004)

High-power-intensity and short-pulse laser heating of metallic surfaces results in thermal separation of electron and lattice subsystems. In this case, energy transport between the subsystems is governed mainly by the collisional process. Moreover, electron and lattice subsystems respond differently for different pulse intensities, despite the fact that the laser pulses have the same energy content. Consequently, in the present study, laser step-input pulse heating of gold substrate is considered and the thermal response of electron and lattice subsystems to four different intensity pulses with the same energy content is examined. The electron kinetic theory approach is introduced to model the nonequilibrium energy transport in the substrate material. It is found that electron temperature rises rapidly in the heating cycle while lattice temperature rise is gradual, which is more pronounced for laser short pulse lengths. In the cooling cycle (time after the laser pulse diminishes), electron temperature decay rate differs from the rate of lattice site temperature rise due to the specific heat ratios of electron and lattice sites.