gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genome sequencing and analysis conferences. Progress report, August 15, 1993--August 15, 1994 (1995)

The 14 plenary session presentations focused on nematode; yeast; fruit fly; plants; mycobacteria; and man. In addition there were presentations on a variety of technical innovations including database developments and refinements, bioelectronic genesensors, computer-assisted multiplex techniques, and hybridization analysis with DNA chip technology. This document includes only the session schedule.
In-plane transport properties of Si/Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ structure and its FET performance by computer simulation (1994)

Transport properties of ungated Si/Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ are studied by an ensemble Monte Carlo technique. The device performance is studied with a quantum hydrodynamic equation method using the Monte Carlo results. The phonon-scattering limited mobility is enhanced over bulk Si, and is found to reach 23000 cm/sup 2//Vs at 77 K and 4000 cm/sup 2//Vs at 300 K. The saturation velocity is increased slightly compared with the bulk value at both temperatures. A significant velocity overshoot, several times larger than the saturation velocity, is also found. In a typical modulation-doped field-effect-transistor, the calculated transconductance for a 0.18 /spl mu/m gate device is found to be 300 mS/mm at 300 K. Velocity overshoot in the strained Si channel is observed, and is an important contribution to the transconductance. The inclusion of the quantum correction increases the total current by as much as 15%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Crystallographic analysis of martensite in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1.5Si-0.6Cr steel by EBSD (2011)

The crystallography of martensite formed in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1.5Si-0.6Cr steel was studied using the EBSD technique. The results showed that the observed orientation relationship was closer to the Nishiyama- Wassermann (N-W) than to the Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) orientation relationship (OR). The microstructure of martensite consisted of parallel laths forming morphological packet-like structures. Typically, there were three different lath orientations in a morphological packet consisting of three specific N-W OR variants sharing the same {111} austenite plane. A packet of martensite laths with common {111} austenite plane was termed as a crystallographic packet. Generally, the crystallographic packet size corresponded to the morphological packet size, but occasionally the morphological packet was found to consist of two or more crystallographic packets. Therefore, the crystallographic packet size appeared to be finer than the morphological packet size. The relative orientation between the variants in crystallographic packets was found to be near 60Â°/&lt;110&gt;. This appears to explain the strong peak observed near 60Â° in the grain boundary misorientation distribution. Martensite also contained a high fraction of boundaries with their misorientation in the range 2.5-8Â°. Typically these boundaries were found to be located inside the martensite laths forming lath-like sub-grains, whose long axes were parallel with the long axis of the martensite laths.
Electrical contacts to nanotubes and nanowires: why size matters (2006)

Metal-semiconductor contacts play a key role in electronics. Here we show that for quasi-one-dimensional structures such as nanotubes and nanowires, side contact with the metal only leads to weak band re-alignement, in contrast to bulk metal-semiconductor contacts. Schottky barriers are much reduced compared with the bulk limit, and should facilitate the formation of good contacts. However, the conventional strategy of heavily doping the semiconductor to obtain ohmic contacts breaks down as the nanowire diameter is reduced. The issue of Fermi level pinning is also discussed, and it is demonstrated that the unique density of states of quasi-one-dimensional structures makes them less sensitive to this effect. Our results agree with recent experimental work, and should apply to a broad range of quasi-one-dimensional materials.
A study of patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria from a medical center in northern Taiwan (2012)

Background: Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) is a common dermatological disorder which significantly affects the quality of life of patients worldwide. This study investigates the demographic features, laboratory findings and the response to treatment of CIU patients prospectively in a medical center in northern Taiwan. Methods and Results: Thirty-three patients (15 females, 18 males, median age 32.79 years) with CIU were included according to the protocal approved for this study. A laboratory survey, including complete blood cells (CBC) with differential count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), biochemistry panels, autoimmune profiles, thyroid function and multiple allergy simultaneous test (MAST) were conducted and analyzed before and after once daily monotherapy with levocetirizine 5mg. In addition, therapeutic efficacy was also assessed using mean pruritus score (MPS) and the mean number of wheals (MNW) score. The most commonly found reactive agents in the specific allergen test were mite DF (18/33 subjects, 54.4%) and mite DP (18/33 subjects, 54.4%). No significant difference was noted before and after levocetirizine monotherapy in terms of CBC, AST, ALT, BUN, creatinine, and ESR. Furthermore, the result of the MAST was also not affected by levocetirizine treatment. Compared to the therapeutic outcome measured on day-8, administration of antihistamine treatment significantly decreased MPS and MNW scores during day-22, day-29, and day-30. Consistently, the mean scores of MPS and MNW were significantly lower on day-36 than on day-8 within the same IgE level. Conclusions: Most of the patients in this study experienced satisfactory clinical improvement after once daily monotherapy with levocetirizine 5mg, whereas the antihistamine treatment did not result in a statistically significant change in the laboratory investigations. This study demonstrates that exhaustive investigations may not be necessary for patients with CIU and should be reserved for individuals following acquisition of a detailed history and physical examination. However, the monotherapy with low-sedative levocetirizine demonstrated a good clinical efficacy and did not significantly alter the laboratory parameters including the result of MAST. Therefore, it is suggested that MAST be included for checking which allergens should be avoided.
Detection of Hypokinesis by a Quantitative Analysis of Left Ventricular Cineangiograms (1974)

A method for detecting left ventricular hypokinesis is proposed. It involves superimposition of left ventricular silhouettes traced from 30 degree right anterior oblique cineangiograms, correcting for thoracic cage motion, descent of the aortic valve and rotation of the apex. Normal values for the percent of systolic motion of seven endocardial segments have been established from measurements in 20 patients, permitting a statistical definition of hypokinesis. The use of this quantitative method has been compared with visual inspection of ventriculograms (qualitative method), resulting in differences in definition of hypokinetic segments by the two methods in 13 of 16 patients with coronary heart disease. When the quantitative method was used, only one hypokinetic segment was found which did not correspond to an obstructive coronary lesion while six such segments were defined using the qualitative method. In four patients segments thought to be hypokinetic (qualitative method) appeared to be akinetic (quantitative method). In six patients with cardiomyopathy, thought to have diffuse hypokinesis, all seven left ventricular segments were hypokinetic in only three patients. The use of a quantitative method appears to be essential to the proper interpretation of left ventricular wall motion and particularly to the detection of hypokinetic segments.
Power factor improvement of single-phase diode rectifier by fast field-weakening of inverter driven IPM motor (2005)

This paper proposes a novel control strategy of an interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor to obtain high input power factor of a diode rectifier. If the single-phase rectifier has much ripple voltage in the DC link, it can improve the input power factor and input current waveform. The energy of the power source provides directly to the IPM motor. The power converter doesn't need energy storage such as capacitors or reactors. Inverter control is based on energy flow of the power source. The q-axis control depends on the source energy ripple. By adjusting the flux to the DC voltage ripple, the inverter executes the field-weakening control. Making the best use of these special features, this paper shows that the proposed method can improve the input power factor over 97% by experimental results, and realizes small size and the long life of the inverter system.
Enhanced electrical activation of indium coimplanted with carbon in a silicon substrate (1999)

Electrical activation of In of 18%–52% of the implanted dose (5×1014 cm−2) was obtained in Si samples having a C+ coimplantation after rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at 800–1000 °C for 15 s. This electrical activation yield markedly contrasts with that in samples singly implanted with In in which only ≅0.5% of the dose was activated. The following features were observed in the coimplanted samples: (i) a reverse annealing of the electrical activation in the temperature range of 800–900 °C; (ii) significant reduction of the In profile redistribution during RTA; and (iii) the electrically activated In concentration is substantially higher than the substitutional In concentration. These findings are discussed in terms of the interaction between C atoms and Si self-interstitials (SiI), strain compensation between C and In atoms in the Si lattice, and formation of stable In substitutional–C substitutional acceptors centers.
Influence of composition and well-width fluctuations on optical gain in (In, Ga)N multiple quantum wells (2001)

The influence of composition and well-width fluctuations on the optical gain in (In, Ga)N multiple quantum wells for different barrier dopings and compositions is studied under quasistationary conditions. Systematic temperature- and excitation-density-dependent gain measurements were performed by means of the variable-stripe-length method. The correlation between optical properties such as gain or temperature behaviour of the laser threshold and the crystal quality of the samples is demonstrated. In addition, by means of photoluminescence measurements, the temperature dependence of the quantum efficiency is determined, which gives information on the activation processes to nonradiative recombination channels. Thermal activation energies obtained from these measurements can be correlated with the depth of potential minima caused by composition fluctuations in the quantum well. The experimental temperature-dependent threshold density and gain can be successfully explained by use of a simple model of band-to-band transitions considering localization effects.
Inosine−Uridine Nucleoside Hydrolase from Crithidia fasciculata. Genetic Characterization, Crystallization, and Identification of Histidine 241 as a Catalytic Site Residue, (1996)

Protozoa depend on purine salvage for nucleic acid synthesis. An abundant salvage enzyme in Crithidia fasciculata is the inosine-uridine nucleoside hydrolase (IU-nucleoside hydrolase). The enzyme was cloned by polymerase chain reaction techniques using primers corresponding to the amino acid sequences of tryptic fragments and to the miniexon of C. fasciculata. The full-length cDNA was expressed in Escherichia coli and the protein purified to > 99% homogeneity. The open reading frame encodes a protein of 315 amino acids. Enzyme purified from C. fasciculata was missing the N-terminal Met and gave a major mass peak of 34 194 amu by mass spectrometry. Predicted mass from the DNA sequence for the Met-processed enzyme was 34 196. A pET3d-IUNH construct expressed in E. coli introduced MetAla instead of MetPro at the N-terminus. Enzyme purified from this construct also had a processed N-terminus and gave predicted and observed masses of 34 168 and 34 170 amu, respectively. The amino acid sequence for IU-nucleoside hydrolase has no close relatives among the known proteins. A cDNA clone of unknown function from Leishmania major shows near identity in the N-terminal deduced amino acid sequence. Open reading frames near 1 and 47 min on the E. coli chromosome and from two yeast genomes encode for proteins of similar size with substantial amino acid identity. Mutation of His241Ala caused a 2100-fold loss in k(cat) for inosine but a 2.8-fold increase in k(cat) with p-nitrophenyl beta-D-ribofuranoside, establishing the location of the catalytic site and implicating His241 as a proton donor for leaving group activation. IU-nucleoside hydrolase from C. fasciculata and the protein expressed in E. coli were crystallized and diffract to 2.5 and 2.1 A resolution, respectively. Both belong to the P2(1)2(1)2 orthorhombic space group with unit cell parameters a = 63.5 A, b = 131.9 A, c = 90.1 A, and alpha = beta = gamma = 90 degrees. Two subunits of the tetrameric enzyme are present in the asymmetric unit. The following paper reports the X-ray crystal structure for this enzyme.
A multilayer cylindrical volume conductor model for galvanic coupling intra-body communication (2009)

Intra-body communication (IBC) is a novel transmitting technique suitable for wearable and implantable sensors in home health care systems. Utilizing the conductive property of human body, IBC employs human body as the medium for transmitting electrical signals. As a result, electromagnetic interference can be greatly reduced for devices communicated within human body. These advantages are significant for the instance of long term physiologic parameters monitoring and elder patients. However, most of the researches pay attention to the experiments and simulations of IBC. In order to understand the mechanism of the IBC deeply, a multilayer cylindrical volume conductor model of human forearm is developed analytically in this paper. The simplified model provides the information of transmitting electrical signal through human body and forms a basis for developing IBC applications. As the first step of this research, the quasi-static approximation is assumed because the transmission is operated in a low frequency. Then the potential and current density distribution within the multilayer model is depicted. Also the attenuation of human data channel is discussed. Finally, several optimized conditions for galvanic coupling IBC are proposed.
Differentially Private Double Spectrum Auction with Approximate Social Welfare Maximization (2018)

Spectrum auction is an effective approach to improving spectrum utilization, by leasing idle spectrum from primary users to secondary users. Recently, a few differentially private spectrum auction mechanisms have been proposed, but, as far as we know, none of them addressed the differential privacy in the setting of double spectrum auctions. In this paper, we combine the concept of differential privacy with double spectrum auction design, and present a Differentially private Double spectrum auction mechanism with approximate Social welfare Maximization (DDSM). Specifically, we design the mechanism by employing the exponential mechanism to select clearing prices for the double spectrum auction with probabilities exponentially proportional to the related social welfare values, and then improve the mechanism in several aspects like the designs of the auction algorithm, the utility function and the buyer grouping algorithm. Through theoretical analysis, we prove that DDSM achieves differential privacy, approximate truthfulness, approximate social welfare maximization. Extensive experimental evaluations show that DDSM achieves a good performance in term of social welfare.
ESR of spin 5/2 systems with axial symmetry and moderately large zero-field splittings. Application of line-shape calculations to the interpretation of randomly oriented microcrystallite spectra (1973)

Magnetic resonance line positions and intensities are calculated for the simplified spin-Hamiltonian H=D[Sz2−S(S+1)/3]+g μBH·Swith S=5/2. The resonance line positions and intensities are found by direct diagonalization of the matrix of ℋ and are plotted versus the axial angle θ and the magnetic field H. The region 1/2≲|D|/h ν ≲ 2 is explored, where v=the microwave frequency, and line shapes integrated over all orientations are calculated using a Gaussian line shape with isotropic linewidth. The results are compared with the experimental EPR spectra of two crystallographically isomorphic high-spin trisdithio-oxalato-Fe(III) salts, one having |D|=0.26 GHz (treated by perturbation theory, including quartic spin operators), and the other |D|=6.8 GHz. Single crystal measurements were made for the former case, but only powder measurements of the latter system were possible. Calculation of the powder line shape for the |D|=6.8 GHz spectrum for both X-band and Ka-band EPR spectra gives good agreement with experiment and explains the increased multiplicity of lines in these and similar experimental spectra as due to strong mixing of all S = 5/2 basis states under the influence of the DSz2 operator. This gives rise to an unexpectedly large number of anomolous transitions, for which only a line shape properly averaged by integration over the unit sphere can give a reasonably accurate simulation of the experimental spectrum. The results also show that several previously published tables for the line positions of Fe(III) salts for the general axial or orthorhombic case must be used with care when interpreting powder or glass spectra, and spin-Hamiltonian parameter values inferred from them ought to be confirmed by some independent method. The results of this study are important for the interpretation of the EPR of biological and metal-ligand compounds which are difficult or impossible to obtain in crystalline form.
Concept, realization and characterization of serially powered pixel modules (2006)

We prove and demonstrate here for the example of the large scale pixel detector of ATLAS that Serial Powering of pixel modules is a viable alternative and that has been devised and implemented for ATLAS pixel modules using dedicated on-chip voltage regulators and modified flex hybrids circuits. The equivalent of a pixel ladder consisting of six serially powered pixel modules with about 0.3Mpixels has been built and the performance with respect to noise and threshold stability and operation failures has been studied. We believe that Serial Powering in general will be necessary for future large scale tracking detectors.
Use of mutually inductive coupling in probe design (2002)

Abstract An analysis is presented of mutually inductive coupling in probe design. It is assumed that near field couplings predominate and that lumped constants may therefore be employed. Using three published designs as examples, analytic techniques are presented for assessing B 1 field strength, losses, and signal‐to‐noise ratio in increasingly complex situations. The perturbing effect of the B 1 field from a matching coil is examined and it is shown that if the coil is too close to the sample there can be an asymmetry introduced in the rotating frame B 1 field. It is then shown that such asymmetries are potentially a general feature of inductively coupled, loaded coils. The importance of suppressing unwanted resonances is highlighted if tuning and matching are to be orthogonal, a potential advantage of mutually inductive matching. Finally, a lumped‐constant simulation is briefly described for those situations where an analytic approach becomes too cumbersome. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts in Magnetic Resonance (Magn Reson Engineering) 15: 262–285, 2002
An easy to use bluetooth scatternet protocol for fast data exchange in wireless sensor networks and autonomous robots (2007)

We present a Bluetooth scatternet protocol (SNP) that provides the user with a serial link to all connected members in a transparent wireless Bluetooth (BT) network. By using only local decision making we can reduce the overhead of our scatternet protocol dramatically. We show how our SNP software layer simplifies a variety of tasks like the synchronization of central pattern generator controllers for actuators, collecting sensory data and building modular robot structures. The whole BT software stack including our new scatternet layer is implemented on a single Bluetooth and memory chip. To verify and characterize the SNP we provide data from experiments using real hardware instead of software simulation. This gives a realistic overview of the scatternet performance showing higher order effects that are difficult to be simulated correctly and guarantees the correct function of the SNP in real world applications.
Energy Management Strategies for Vehicular Electric Power Systems (2005)

In the near future, a significant increase in electric power consumption in vehicles is expected. To limit the associated increase in fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, smart strategies for the generation, storage/retrieval, distribution, and consumption of electric power will be used. Inspired by the research on energy management for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), this paper presents an extensive study on controlling the vehicular electric power system to reduce the fuel use and emissions, by generating and storing electrical energy only at the most suitable moments. For this purpose, both off-line optimization methods using knowledge of the driving pattern and on-line implementable ones are developed and tested in a simulation environment. Results show a reduction in fuel use of 2%, even without a prediction of the driving cycle being used. Simultaneously, even larger reductions of the emissions are obtained. The strategies can also be applied to a mild HEV with an integrated starter alternator (ISA), without modifications, or to other types of HEVs with slight changes in the formulation.
FINFET Device Junction Formation Challenges (2006)

Double-gate devices with ultra-thin body are considered the most promising for scaling into the sub-20nm regime because of their steeper sub-threshold slope, reduced short channel effects, improved mobility, and drive current. The FinFET device structure is an attractive double-gate structure and most compatible with today's standard processing technologies. One of the challenging issues of fabricating FinFETs device is how to form the FinFET's source-drain junction in the Fin area and develop metrology techniques to measure it. In this paper, we discuss the challenges of implanting ultra-thin fins and metrology development for measuring Fin doping concentration. Our simulation results demonstrate that a high angle of implantation at a certain energy is needed to maximize the dopant distribution in the Fin. Raman microscopy has been developed as a Fin doping measurement metrology. To ease the junction diffusion under the gate and reduce off current dispersion, a gate-source/drain underlap FinFET structure is investigated to make FinFET junction formation more manufacturable. Our simulation data yields optimal characteristics and shows robustness to process variation.