gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular convergence in ex vivo models of Diamond-Blackfan anemia (2017)

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by erythroid hypoplasia, usually without perturbation of other hematopoietic lineages. Approximately 65% of DBA patients with autosomal dominant inheritance have heterozygous mutations or deletions in ribosomal protein (RP) genes while <1% of patients with X-linked inheritance have been identified with mutations in the transcription factor <i>GATA1</i> Erythroid cells from patients with DBA have not been well characterized, and the mechanisms underlying the erythroid specific effects of either RP or <i>GATA1</i> associated DBA remain unclear. We have developed an ex vivo culture system to expand peripheral blood CD34<sup>+</sup> progenitor cells from patients with DBA and differentiate them into erythroid cells. Cells from patients with RP or <i>GATA1</i> mutations showed decreased proliferation and delayed erythroid differentiation in comparison with controls. RNA transcript analyses of erythroid cells from controls and patients with RP or <i>GATA1</i> mutations showed distinctive differences, with upregulation of heme biosynthesis genes prominently in RP-mediated DBA and failure to upregulate components of the translational apparatus in <i>GATA1</i>-mediated DBA. Our data show that dysregulation of translation is a common feature of DBA caused by both RP and <i>GATA1</i> mutations. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00106015.
Brain amino compounds in a Huntington's disease pratient on isoniazid therapy (1985)

We describe biochemical abnormalities in autopsied brain of a patient with early Huntington's disease (HD) who died of pentobarbital overdosage while under treatment with isoniazid (INH). The brain contained hydrazine, a terminal metabolite of INH, which inhibits gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) aminotransferase. GABA content in the basal ganglia was higher than expected for HD, and GABA content was supranormal in some brain regions. Homocarnosine (GABA-histidine) content was greatly elevated in all brain regions, suggesting chronic GABA elevation in life. Therefore, the increase in brain GABA content observed in experimental animals given INH or hydrazine also occurs in human patients.
Nitrogen Fertility and Weed Management Critical for Continuous No-Till Wheat in the Pacific Northwest (2006)

No-till cropping is an option for growers needing to reduce soil erosion in the Palouse annual-cropped region of the Pacific Northwest, which is well suited for wheat production. A 6-yr field study was conducted to determine optimum levels of fertilizer and herbicide inputs in a no-till continuous wheat crop production system. Three levels of nitrogen (N) and two weed management levels (WML) were compared in a spring wheat (SW)–winter wheat (WW)–WW rotation through two rotation cycles. The high WML reduced weed densities about 50% compared with the low WML. In general, herbicide treatments were more effective on broadleaf weeds and may have facilitated a shift toward grass weeds. The high WML reduced grass weed biomass only at the reduced N levels, whereas the high WML reduced broadleaf weed density at all N levels. Variable environmental conditions affected wheat yield; however, yield tended to be highest where winter wheat immediately followed spring wheat. Nitrogen had little effect on weed density but increased crop yield about 13% with each increased N level. Crop yield was greater at the high versus low WML at each N level, even though weed density and biomass were reduced least between WMLs at the highest N level. The highest crop yield and net returns were obtained with the highest N and WML; however, none of the N and WML combinations were profitable.
Preparation and evaluation of a perhydroazulene intermediate for lactarane sesquiterpene synthesis (1984)

A facile preparation of 6,9,9-trimethylbicyclo[5.3.0]deca-1,6-dien-3-one (6) from 2,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione is described. Enolate reactions of 6 do not yield norcaradiene products, but proceed in the conventional manner (e.g., α-methylation and O-silylation). Nucleophilic addition reactions at the carbonyl function, and epoxidation of the γ,δ double bond are also observed. Under a variety of conditions, singlet oxygen reacts with the diene moiety in 6 to give both endoperoxide (13) and ene reaction (14) products in roughly equal amounts. The endoperoxide rearranges to cyclic hemiketal (15) on treatment with base.
QR Code Augmented Reality tracking with merging on conventional marker based Backpropagation neural network (2012)

QR Code Augmented Reality (QRAR) is an Augmented Reality does not require preregistration, it has 107089 combination ID-encoded and can be used on the public AR application. The results from previous research are 6 DOF tracking method less accurate, require small computation power and unstable marker. We propose merging conventional marker with QR Code, but it will have noise on the QR Code Finder Patter (QRFP) under perspective distortion, so we propose a Backpropagation method to keep detecting the QRFP and the method preceded by feature extraction with low level image processing. The methods we have proposed, achieve accurate 6 DOF, runs at 35.41 fps and stable marker as conventional marker.
331. New syntheses of basic amino-acids and glycine (1939)

D. W. Adamson, J. Chem. Soc., 1939, 1564 DOI: 10.1039/JR9390001564
Frequency of CD4+CD25hiFOXP3+ Regulatory T Cells Has Diagnostic and Prognostic Value as a Biomarker for Acute Graft-versus-Host-Disease (2010)

The relationship between regulatory T cells (Tregs) and acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in clinical allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) recipients is not well established. We conducted a prospective analysis of peripheral blood Tregs as determined by the frequency of CD4(+)CD25(hi)FOXP3(+) lymphocytes in 215 BMT patients. Autologous BMT patients (N = 90) and allogeneic BMT patients without GVHD (N = 65) had similar Treg frequencies, whereas allogeneic patients with GVHD (N = 60) had Treg frequencies that were 40% less than those without GVHD. Treg frequencies decreased linearly with increasing grades of GVHD at onset, and correlated with eventual maximum grade of GVHD (P < .001). In addition, frequency of Tregs at onset of GVHD predicted the response to GVHD treatment (P = .003). Patients with Treg frequencies less than the median had higher nonrelapse mortality (NRM) than patients with Tregs greater than the median, but experienced equivalent relapse mortality, resulting in an inferior survival at 2 years (38% versus 63%, P = .03). Treg frequency may therefore have important prognostic value as a biomarker of aGVHD.
The role of local anaesthetics in premature ejaculation (2012)

• The use of a topical agent could be an acceptable first-line option for PE, given the favourable risk/benefit ratio of these products. • Topical aerosol application of TEMPE may provide safe, effective, on-demand treatment for PE.
Eucaryotic RNA Polymerase Conditional Mutant that Rapidly Ceases mRNA Synthesis (1987)

We have isolated a yeast conditional mutant which rapidly ceases synthesis of mRNA when subjected to the nonpermissive temperature. This mutant (rpb1-1) was constructed by replacing the wild-type chromosomal copy of the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II with one mutagenized in vitro. The rapid cessation of mRNA synthesis in vivo and the lack of RNA polymerase II activity in crude extracts indicate that the mutant possesses a functionally defective, rather than an assembly-defective, RNA polymerase II. The shutdown in mRNA synthesis in the rpb1-1 mutant has pleiotropic effects on the synthesis of other RNAs and on the heat shock response. This mutant provides direct evidence that the RPB1 protein has a functional role in mRNA synthesis.
Total Synthesis of (+)‐Azaspiracid‐1. Part I: Synthesis of the Fully Elaborated ABCD Aldehyde (2007)

Ziel erreicht: Die Totalsynthese von (+)-Azaspiracid-1 wird beschrieben. Das ABCD-Fragment wurde in 20 linearen Stufen in einer Gesamtausbeute von 16 % erhalten: durch enantioselektive Synthesen des AB-Sulfons und des CD-Aldehyds, ihr Kuppeln durch Sulfonanionaddition und eine thermodynamisch gesteuerte Bisspiroketalisierung. Die Fragmente für die E-, FG- und HI-Ringsysteme wurden enantioselektiv synthetisiert und anschließend mit einer Aldolmethode gekuppelt. Letzter Schritt der 26 lineare Stufen umfassenden Synthese, die eine Ausbeute von 2.7 % ergibt, war eine komplexe Addition des Anions des anomeren EFGHI-Sulfons an den ABCD-Aldehyd.
Solder Joint Reliability of SnBi Finished TSOPs with Alloy 42 Lead-Frame under Temperature Cycling (2010)

Abstract Tin-bismuth (SnBi) is a lead-free alternative to pure tin (Sn) lead-frame finish. SnBi finish is considered by some to be a tin-whisker mitigation strategy. In selecting a SnBi finish, the interfacial strength and reliability of solder interconnects formed with select assembly solders must be considered. To characterize the solder interconnect reliability of SnBi finished parts, sets of test assemblies were created with Sn and SnBi finished thin-small-outline-package (TSOP) parts using SAC305 and SnPb solder. Test assemblies were subjected to temperature cycling and interconnect strength tests. It was found that SnBi finish caused TSOP solder joints to have a shorter fatigue life than Sn finish under temperature cycling testing.
Specific Risk Factors of Arsonists in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital (2014)

Arsonists are often treated in forensic settings. However, high recidivism rates indicate that treatment is not yet optimal for these offenders. The aim of this case series study is to identify arsonist specific dynamic risk factors that can be targeted during treatment. For this study, we used patient files of and interviews with all patients that were currently housed at a forensic psychiatric hospital in the Netherlands (14 arsonists, 59 non-arsonists). To delineate differences in risk factors between arsonists and non-arsonists, scores on the risk assessment instrument the Historical Clinical Future-30 (HKT-30; completed for 11 arsonists and 35 non-arsonists), an instrument similar to the Historical Clinical Risk Management-20 (HCR-20), were compared. The groups did not differ on demographic factors and psychopathology. Concerning dynamic risk factors, arsonists had significantly poorer social and relational skills and were more hostile. Although this study needs replication, these findings suggest that the treatment of people involved in firesetting should particularly target these risk factors.
A Storm Safari in Subtropical South America: Proyecto RELAMPAGO (2021)

Abstract This article provides an overview of the experimental design, execution, education and public outreach, data collection, and initial scientific results from the Remote Sensing of Electrification, Lightning, and Mesoscale/Microscale Processes with Adaptive Ground Observations (RELAMPAGO) field campaign. RELAMPAGO was a major field campaign conducted in the Córdoba and Mendoza provinces in Argentina and western Rio Grande do Sul State in Brazil in 2018–19 that involved more than 200 scientists and students from the United States, Argentina, and Brazil. This campaign was motivated by the physical processes and societal impacts of deep convection that frequently initiates in this region, often along the complex terrain of the Sierras de Córdoba and Andes, and often grows rapidly upscale into dangerous storms that impact society. Observed storms during the experiment produced copious hail, intense flash flooding, extreme lightning flash rates, and other unusual lightning phenomena, but few tornadoes. The five distinct scientific foci of RELAMPAGO—convection initiation, severe weather, upscale growth, hydrometeorology, and lightning and electrification—are described, as are the deployment strategies to observe physical processes relevant to these foci. The campaign’s international cooperation, forecasting efforts, and mission planning strategies enabled a successful data collection effort. In addition, the legacy of RELAMPAGO in South America, including extensive multinational education, public outreach, and social media data gathering associated with the campaign, is summarized.
Polymer-Bound Fischer Tungsten Carbene Complexes:  Synthesis and Reactivity (2005)

The solid-phase synthesis of polymer-bound tungsten Fischer carbene complexes of the types 8 and 16 is described. Starting with isocyanide ligands 5 and 14, readily available from the Merrifield resin 1, the pentacarbonyl(isocyanide)tungsten complexes 7 and 15 are efficiently formed. The synthesis of the corresponding methoxycarbene complexes 8a,b and 16a,b (a, R = Me; b, R = Ph) is undertaken under standard Fischer conditions. The solid-phase amination, methyl acrylate cyclopropanation, and C−H insertion arise as preliminary studies related to their reactivity.
Effect of internal lewis bases on recrystallized MgCl2–TiCl4 catalysts for polypropylene (1990)

Abstract The effect of different Lewis bases in TiCl 4 catalysts supported on MgCl 2 , which was modified by the recrystallization method, has been investigated in terms of activity, selectivity, and morphology. Ethyl benzoate (EB) and 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine (TMPip) were tested as the internal Lewis bases. Propylene polymerizations were performed at 50°C and 7 atm, using Al(C 2 H 5 ) 3 as co‐catalyst and TMPip as external modifier. Both supports and catalysts were characterized by BET, X‐ray, SEM, and other techniques. It was found that the electron donor plays an important role in the recrystallization step of MgCl 2 from alcoholic MgCl 2 solution. Ethyl benzoate was the more effective internal donor leading to the porous, free‐flowing, and stable high‐activity catalyst, while TMPip was not so effective as internal donor owing to its decomposition by SiCl 4 during the support preparation. From short time polymerization kinetics, EB was found to increase both the values of the active site concentration ([C*]) and the propagation rate constant ( k p ). Comparison with the ball‐milled catalyst has been made in view of the morphology. The morphology of the polymers formed with the recrystallized catalysts was the globule‐like structure, while that with the milled catalyst was the broken structure due to its low surface area.
On-line fingerprint verification (1997)

Fingerprint verification is one of the most reliable personal identification methods. However, manual fingerprint verification is incapable of meeting today's increasing performance requirements. An automatic fingerprint identification system (AFIS) is needed. This paper describes the design and implementation of an online fingerprint verification system which operates in two stages: minutia extraction and minutia matching. An improved version of the minutia extraction algorithm proposed by Ratha et al. (1995), which is much faster and more reliable, is implemented for extracting features from an input fingerprint image captured with an online inkless scanner. For minutia matching, an alignment-based elastic matching algorithm has been developed. This algorithm is capable of finding the correspondences between minutiae in the input image and the stored template without resorting to exhaustive search and has the ability of adaptively compensating for the nonlinear deformations and inexact pose transformations between fingerprints. The system has been tested on two sets of fingerprint images captured with inkless scanners. The verification accuracy is found to be acceptable. Typically, a complete fingerprint verification procedure takes, on an average, about eight seconds on a SPARC 20 workstation. These experimental results show that our system meets the response time requirements of online verification with high accuracy.
Anharmonic, Thickness-Twist Overtones of Thickness-Shear and Flexural Vibrations of Rectangular, AT-Cut Quartz Plates (1967)

Equations of motion accommodating thickness-twist overtones of thickness-shear and flexural vibrations of rectangular, AT-cut, quartz plates are obtained. The equations are solved in closed form for plates with all four edges free. The predicted frequencies are compared with measured resonances. X-ray topographs of typical thickness-twist overtone modes are exhibited which verify that the mode shapes correspond to those predicted.
Elemental Composition of Analogs to Mars Return Samples Studied with X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging at NSLS-II (2018)

In 2020, NASA will launch out into the first step of what may be an ambitious, multi-mission campaign with the goal to bring back for analysis in laboratories here to Earth a collection of rock, regolith, and atmosphere samples from Mars. It is the main objective of this endeavor to determine whether or not Mars was ever host to ancient microbial life. Finding evidence for extinct (or extant) life on Mars has the potential to fundamentally alter our view of the origin and evolution of life. It would provide proof for Earth being just one amongst others regarding the question of biological activity in the Solar System. Furthermore, returned Martian samples would provide a rich repository of information on the history of planetary accretion and differentiation, geochronology, atmospheric evolution, and the paleo-environmental history of Mars, adding tremendous additional value to such a mission beyond the issue of extraterrestrial life. Here the potential knowledge to be obtained by such a collection of samples will equal or exceed that of the Apollo lunar sample archive, which even today yields new insights on the history of the Solar System, over 40 years after they were returned to Earth.
Androgen Regulation of an Elastase-Like Protease Activity in the Seminal Vesicle1 (1995)

The processing of secretory proteins in the guinea pig (GP) seminal vesicle epithelium (SVE) is altered by castration and restored by treatment of animals with androgens. To test the hypothesis that the changes in protein processing are due to changes in the activity of specific proteases, we examined the GPSVE for protease activities capable of cleaving a synthetic elastase substrate, succinyl-alanyl-alanyl-alanyl-p-nitroanilide (Suc(Ala)3pNA). We found that the GPSVE does contain a Suc(Ala)3pNA-cleaving activity that is sensitive to the serine protease inhibitor diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and to the elastase inhibitor elastatinal. Furthermore, the amount of protease activity per milligram of SVE protein is reduced to about 50% of control levels by castration. The activity is completely restored within four days by treatment of castrated animals with androgens, but is not restored by treatment with estradiol, progesterone, or dexamethasone. Although the SVE enzyme did not yield a pattern of specific cleavage products when incubated with a secretory protein substrate in vitro, this enzyme activity was competitively inhibited by a peptide whose primary sequence included the cleavage site used by the processing machinery in vivo.
Gamma globulins-induced interaction between two red blood cells: forces measurement with optical tweezers (2017)

The protein contribution to the red blood cell (RBC) aggregation is studied using the in-house made two-channeled optical tweezers. The cells interaction was characterized using two forces: the force required for separating two cells (<i>F<sub>D</sub></i> – disaggregating force) and the force required for holding them from their spontaneous aggregation (<i>F<sub>A</sub></i> – aggregating force). The gamma globulin solutions with/without albumin were used to induce the RBC aggregation. The strong interaction (3-10 pN) between the cells was measured within the contact formed using optical tweezers. We found that <i>F<sub>D</sub></i> becomes stronger as the gamma globulin concentration increases, while the addition of albumin to the solution led to the significant (few fold) enhancement of the cells interaction forces. However, despite of the strong interaction between the cells their spontaneous overlapping was not observed, unlike the case in plasma, where the cells did increase their overlapping surface, when attached with small interacting surface and released from optical traps. This work in addition to our previous work with model solutions of fibrinogen allows us to conclude that the synergy of blood components is one of the most important features that contribute to the reversible RBC aggregation.
Strong Green Emission from α-SiAlON Activated by Divalent Ytterbium under Blue Light Irradiation (2005)

This contribution reports on luminescence properties of divalent ytterbium in alpha-SiAlON at room temperature. Ytterbium-doped alpha-SiAlON powders, with the compositions of (M(1-2x/v)Yb(x))(m/v)Si(12-m-n)Al(m+n)O(n)N(16-n) (M = Ca, Li, Mg, and Y, v is the valency of M, 0.002 < or = x < or = 0.10, 0.5 < or = m = 2n < or = 3.5), were synthesized by sintering at 1700 degrees C for 2 h under 0.5 MPa N2. A single, intense, broad emission band, centered at 549 nm, is observed due to the electronic transitions from the excited state 4f(13)5d to the ground state 4f14 of Yb2+. The luminescence of Yb2+ in alpha-SiAlON occurs at relatively low energy, which is attributable to the large crystal field splitting and nephelauxetic effect due to the nitrogen-rich coordination of Yb2+. The dependence of luminescence properties on the Yb2+ concentration, chemical composition, and annealing is discussed. It is suggested that this novel green phosphor could be applied in white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) when combined with a red phosphor and a blue LED.
Cell- and heparin-binding domains of the hexabrachion arm identified by tenascin expression proteins. (1993)

We have produced a set of bacterial expression proteins corresponding to 10 segments of tenascin and two of fibronectin and tested them for heparin binding and cell adhesion. We used polymerase chain reaction cloning to terminate the segments precisely at domain boundaries. Heparin binding activity was mapped to two different tenascin segments: one comprising the fourth and fifth fibronectin type III domains, and to TNfbg, the fibrinogen-like terminal knob. TNfbg, but none of the other tanascin segments, also supported adhesion of primary rat embryo skin fibroblasts. The fibroblasts did not spread on TNfbg but remained rounded. Cell binding to TNfbg occurred in the presence or absence of divalent cations and was not inhibited by RGD peptides, suggesting that integrins are not involved. Fibroblast binding to TNfbg was strongly inhibited by soluble heparin, by treating the cells with heparitinase, or by culture conditions that cause undersulfation of proteoglycans. These observations suggest that cell attachment to TNfbg is mediated by cell surface proteoglycans. We have also made full-length cDNA constructs for the largest and smallest splice variants of human tenascin, as well as one truncated after the 14th epidermal growth factor-like domain, in the pNUT mammalian cell expression vector. Stably transfected baby hamster kidney cell lines secreted large quantities of tenascin, and this was assembled into normal hexabrachions, the arm length corresponding to the construct.