gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A survey of techniques for lossless compression of signals (2002)

Lossless compression of signals is of interest in a wide variety of fields such as geophysics, telemetry, nondestructive evaluation and medical imaging, where vast amounts of data must be transmitted or stored, and exact recovery of the original data is required. Nearly all lossless signal coding techniques consist of a decorrelation stage followed by an entropy coding stage. In this paper, fundamentals of lossless signal coding are introduced, and a wide variety of decorrelation and entropy coding techniques are discussed.
Pyrolytic Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes from Sucrose on a Mesoporous Silicate (2006)

Abstract Multi‐wall carbon nanotubes were synthesized from sucrose by a pyrolytic technique using mesopourous MCM‐41 silicate templates without transition metal catalysts. The nanotubes were examined in the carbon/silicate composite and after dissolution of the silicate. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy study of the multi‐wall nanotubes showed them to be 15 nm in diameter, 200 nm in length and close‐ended. There was variation in crystallinity with some nanotubes showing disordered wall structures.
Segmentation of Precursor Mass Range Using “Tiling” Approach Increases Peptide Identifications for MS1-Based Label-Free Quantification (2013)

Label-free quantification is a powerful tool for the measurement of protein abundances by mass spectrometric methods. To maximize quantifiable identifications, MS(1)-based methods must balance the collection of survey scans and fragmentation spectra while maintaining reproducible extracted ion chromatograms (XIC). Here we present a method which increases the depth of proteome coverage over replicate data-dependent experiments without the requirement of additional instrument time or sample prefractionation. Sampling depth is increased by restricting precursor selection to a fraction of the full MS(1) mass range for each replicate; collectively, the m/z segments of all replicates encompass the full MS(1) range. Although selection windows are narrowed, full MS(1) spectra are obtained throughout the method, enabling the collection of full mass range MS(1) chromatograms such that label-free quantitation can be performed for any peptide in any experiment. We term this approach "binning" or "tiling" depending on the type of m/z window utilized. By combining the data obtained from each segment, we find that this approach increases the number of quantifiable yeast peptides and proteins by 31% and 52%, respectively, when compared to normal data-dependent experiments performed in replicate.
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Recirculating Laboratory Hood (1986)

Ductless, benchtop hoods have become a popular tool for use in the control of toxic substances in the laboratory. Low price and ease of installation are major factors contributing to their increased utilization. Little objective performance data exist for these devices. One such hood was evaluated for efficacy as an engineering control in typical laboratory applications. Face velocity, flow profile, ability to retain vapors, sorptive capacity of the filter media and overall worker protection were evaluated. The manufacturer's report of an average face velocity of 30.6 cm/s (60 fpm) proved to be accurate; however, this value was found to be substandard when compared with the hood and room design criteria which must be met for this rate to provide adequate control. The hood was designed in a manner which prevented smooth flow through the hood and increased observed turbulence and rolling. The sorptive capacity of the carbon filter proved to be comparable to that reported for organic vapor respirator cartridges. Design deficiencies are discussed to improve protection offered to the worker in an as-used situation. Further work is needed to provide a quantitative measure of the protection offered by these hoods.
Influence of Different Speech Representations and HMM Training Strategies on ASR Performance (2006)

This work studies the influence of various speech signal representations and speaking styles on the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR). The efficiency of two approaches to hidden Markov model (HMM) training are compared.Common MFCC and PLP features were exposed to two sources of disturbance applied to the original wide-band speech: (i) stress (Lombard effect) and (ii) transfer channel distortion (simulated telephone line). Subsequently, the efficiencies of the two training strategies were evaluated. Finally, a study of the optimal number of training iterations is introduced.
Methicillin‐Resistant Coagulase‐Negative Staphylococci in the Community: High Homology of SCCmec IVa betweenStaphylococcus epidermidisand Major Clones of Methicillin‐ResistantStaphylococcus aureus (2010)

MR-CoNS are probably disseminated in the community, notably in subjects without previous exposure to the health care system. MRSE, the most prevalent species, may act as a reservoir of SCCmec IVa for CA-MRSA.
Mechanics of Out-of-Plane MEMS via Postbuckling: Model-Experiment Demonstration Using CMOS (2012)

A novel approach to out-of-plane microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is demonstrated where elements are designed in the postbuckling regime, exploiting buckling phenomena and residual-stress control to create functional elements that extend significantly out of the wafer plane. An analytical tool for out-of-plane MEMS design is presented, based on nonlinear postbuckling of layered structures, including boundary nonideality. The analytical design tool is applied to several MEMS designs where low-order elements (e.g., beams) are controllably formed into out-of-plane shapes. Various architectures are experimentally demonstrated using CMOS processes, including one that could find application in three-axis single-heater thermal accelerometers. The on chip approach is compatible with several MEMS fabrication techniques (e.g., CMOS and micromachining), thus providing a new extension of state-of-the-art microfabrication techniques to out-of-plane elements.
Characterization of low-viscosity photoresist coating (1998)

With the semiconductor industry moving towards deeper submicron device geometries, lithography is an increasingly critical step in the semiconductor manufacturing process. This places great emphasis on attaining tighter resist thickness uniformity. Tighter uniformity and elimination of coating anomalies is critical for optimal alignment accuracy and linewidth control. The use of low viscosity photoresists for less than 7000 angstroms film thickness is important due to the higher degree of substrate planarization and need for improved lithographic resolution. The objective of this project was to characterize low viscosity coating characteristics. The work was done on a SVG 90S track system. The viscosities of resists used were less than 10 cp.
Supervisory Control Synthesis for Safety PLCs (2020)

The development of supervisory controllers for cyber-physical systems is a laborious and error-prone process. Supervisor synthesis enables control designers to automatically synthesize a correct-by-construction supervisor from a model of the plant in combination with a model of the control requirements. Subsequently, the controller code can be generated from the supervisor model such that it can be implemented on a programmable logic controller (PLC). In industry, supervisors have to adhere to strict safety standards. To achieve these standards, safety PLCs (SPLCs) are used. For SPLC implementation, the supervisor has to be split into a regular part and a safety part. This paper presents a method to automatically splits a supervisor model for this purpose. To validate the method, a case study on a rotating bridge has been performed. The result is compared to a splitting result made by experts. Furthermore, the supervisor has been implemented to control the real bridge.
Comparison of Intraocular Pressure Measurements With the Reichert Pt100, the Keeler Pulsair Intellipuff Portable Noncontact Tonometers, and Goldmann Applanation Tonometry (2013)

The 2 NCTs agree well with GAT in normotensive patients. The Pulsair Intellipuff also agrees well with GAT in hypertensive patients.
High-Speed Flight Propulsion Systems (1991)

This text provides a cohesive treatment of the complex issues in high-speed propulsion, as well as introductions to the recent capabilities for addressing several fundamental aspects of high-speed vehicle propulsion development. It includes 185 equations.
Ring Size‐Selective Ring‐Closing Olefin Metathesis: Taking Advantage of the Deleterious Effect of Ethylene Gas (2011)

Abstract The deleterious effect of ethylene gas on the ring‐closing olefin metathesis (RCM) for the formation of 5‐ to 8‐membered rings was investigated. Significant rate differences caused by ethylene gas were observed among the different ring‐size formation reactions. Nevertheless, the rate differences can be advantageously utilized for chemoselective RCM.
Emulsifying and Oil-binding Properties of Bovine Serum Albumin and Its Enzymatic Hydrolyzate (1993)

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was hydrolyzed with proteases, and the emulsifying and oil-binding properties of the hydrolyzates were then studied. By limiting hydrolysis with trypsin, the emulsifying activity index (EAI) increased about 40% above its original level. In order to find out which peptides contributed to the good emulsifying properties of the hydrolyzate, the peptides adsorbed onto the emulsified oil globule surface were extracted and analyzed. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that a peptide with a molecular weight of about 24kDa was preferentially adsorbed onto the oil surface. This 24kDa peptide was found to be fairly hydrophobic and corresponds to the third domain of BSA, residues 377-582. In spite of the preferential adsorption characteristics of the 24kDa peptide, this peptide itself had a lower EAI value than that of the whole hydrolyzate. The contribution of some small hydrophilic peptides, as well as the 24kDa peptide, to the good emulsifying properties of the BSA hydrolyzate was suggested.
Lymphatic clearance from the blood after subarachnoid hemorrhages (2019)

Here we present preliminary experimental data suggesting about involvement of the meningeal and cervical lymphatics in neurorehabilitation. Using model of hemorrhagic stroke, immunohistochemical analysis and atomic absorption spectroscopy, we clearly demonstrate the lymphatic clearance from the blood after stroke via the meningeal lymphatic vessels with further accumulation of hemosiderin and iron (products of disaggregated hemoglobin) in the deep cervical node (dcLN). The optical coherent tomography (OCT) was used for in vivo monitoring of accumulation of gold nanorods (92 nm in diameter) in the dcLN after their injection into the cisterna magna with the aim of mimicking of the brain clearance from of blood. The both ex vivo and in vivo data show the lymphatic clearance from subjects (the blood/GNRs) injected into the subarachnoid space that might be an important mechanism of neurorehabilitation after the intracranial hemorrhages.
Abnormal Distribution of Anionic Sites in the Glomerular Basement Membrane in Glomerulonephritis of Dogs Infected with Dirofilaria immitis. (2000)

Ultrastructural alteration of anionic sites (ASs) in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) was studied in glomerulonephritis characterized by linear capillary IgG deposition in four dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis and two normal control dogs using polyethyleneimine. ASs were identified as small dense particles distributed regularly in the lamina rara externa (LRE), but there were no ASs in the lamina densa (LD) of the GBM of the control dogs. In the glomeruli of the infected dogs, ASs were distributed regularly or irregularly in the thickened LD. ASs were in addition localized over the characteristic continuous bands of subendothelial dense deposits. The number of ASs of the LRE increased in all four infected cases as compared to the controls (p<0.01).
Aggregation-Induced Nonlinear Optical Effects of AIEgen Nanocrystals for Ultra-Deep in Vivo Bio-Imaging (2019)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Nonlinear optical microscopy has become a powerful tool in bioimaging research due to its unique capabilities of deep optical sectioning, high spatial resolution imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction of biological specimens. Developing organic fluorescent probes with strong nonlinear optical effects, in particular third-harmonic generation (THG), is promising for exploiting nonlinear microscopic imaging for biomedical applications. Herein, we succesfully demonstrate a simple method for preparing organic nanocrystals based on an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen (DCCN) with bright near-infrared emission. Under femtosecond laser excitation, the high-order nonlinear optical effects of DCCN were studied in three distinct systems, including monomolecules in solution, amorphous nanopaticles, and crystaline nanopaticles. Results revealed aggregation-induced nonlinear optical (AINLO) effects, including two-photon fluorescence (2PF), three-photon fluorescence (3PF) and THG, of DCCN in nanopaticles, especially for the crystaline nanopaticles. Taking advantage of the strong 2PF and THG properties, the nanocrystals of DCCN have been successfully applied for 2PF microscopy at 1040 nm NIR-II excitation and THG microscopy at 1560 nm NIR-II excitation, respectively, to reconstruct the 3D vasculature of the mouse cerebral vasculature. Impressively, the THG microscopy could provide much higher spatial resolution and brightness than the 2PF microscopy and could visualize small vessels with diameters of ~2.7 μm at deepest depth of 800 μm in mouse brain, which is among the largest penetration depth and best spatial resolution of in vivo THG vasculature imaging. Thus, this is expected to inspire new insights into development of advanced AIE materials with multiple nonlinearity, in particular THG, for multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Nitriles for the production of various amines (2022)

Nitriles functionalize amines and ammonia under catalytic hydrogenation conditions.
Proofed Bonding - A Novel Method for VerifyingAdhesion in Adhesively Bonded Composite Repairs (2018)

Full verification of the quality of adhesively bonded joints is not yet feasible with non-destructive test methods. In our paper we present a novel 2-in-1 test method, which enables full mechanical validation of the strength of adhesive bonds.
Photochemical, Thermal Free Radical, and Cationic Polymerizations Promoted by Charge Transfer Complexes: Simple Strategy for the Fabrication of Thick Composites (2018)

A novel strategy for the preparation of extremely thick composites by photochemical and/or thermal free radical polymerization (FRP) and/or cationic polymerization (CP) under low-energy consumption visible light emitted diodes (LEDs) is described. The approach is based on the use of charge transfer complexes (CTCs) formed between N-aromatic amines (donors) and iodonium salts (Iod, acceptors). Remarkably, it is demonstrated for the first time that these CTCs can be used as thermal initiators for free radical polymerization (FRP) initiation with performances comparable to dibenzoyl peroxide-based systems. The decomposition temperature of these CTC thermal initiators can be modulated through the selection of the amine, providing much safer conditions for synthesis, storage, and handling than that of the classical thermal initiators. A good stability in resin is also noted.
A new two-dimensional fast cosine transform algorithm (1991)

The discrete cosine transform (2-D DCT) is based on a one-dimensional fast cosine transform (1-D FCT) algorithm. Instead of computing the 2-D transform using the row-column method, the 1-D algorithm is extended by means of the vector-radix approach. Derivation based on both the sequence splitting and Kronecker matrix product method are discussed. The sequence splitting approach has the advantage that all the underlying operations are shown clearly, while the matrix product representations are more compact and readily generalized to higher dimensions. The bit reversal operations are placed before the recursive additions so that the recursive operations can be performed in a very regular manner. This greatly simplifies the indexing problem in the software implementation of the algorithms. The vector-radix algorithm saves 25% multiplications as compared with the row-column method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Women in nursing (1989)

I found Norah Casey’s editorial (Nursing Sandard, October 25-31) very sensitive to Shirley Goodwin’s decision to resign from the Health Visitors Association. I believe Norah’s perception of women's ability to succeed in leadership is accurate.
Oxidation of o-Methoxyphenols with a Hypervalent Iodine Reagent: Improved Synthesis of Asatone and Demethoxyasatone (1999)

Oxidation of the 2-methoxyphenols 1c–f with phenyliodonium(III) diacetate (PIDA) in methanol resulted in the formation of the cyclohexa-2,4-dienones 4c–f, which dimerized spontaneously to a single product (5c–f) in each case. Using this method the synthesis of asatone (5a) and its demethoxy analogue (5b) was also accomplished starting from the readily available phenol derivatives 1a and 1b, respectively.
A New Control Method for a Bi-Directional Phase-Shift-Controlled DC-DC Converter with an Extended Load Range (2017)

Phase-shifted converters are practically important to provide high conversion efficiencies through soft-switching techniques. However, the limitation on a resonant inductor current in the converters often leads to a non-fulfillment of the requirement of minimum load current. This paper presents a new power electronics control technique to enable the dual features of bi-directional power flow and an extended load range for soft-switching in phase-shift-controlled DC-DC converters. The proposed technique utilizes two identical full bridge converters and inverters in conjunction with a new control logic for gate-driving signals to facilitate both Zero Current Switching (ZCS) and Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) in a single phase-shift-controlled DC-DC converter. The additional ZCS is designed for light load conditions at which the minimum load current cannot be attained. The bi-directional phase-shift-controlled DC-DC converter can implement the function of synchronous rectification. Its fast dynamic response allows for quick energy recovery during the regenerative braking of traction systems in electrified trains.
The neuronal substrates of human olfactory based kin recognition (2008)

Kin recognition, an evolutionary phenomenon ubiquitous among phyla, is thought to promote an individual's genes by facilitating nepotism and avoidance of inbreeding. Whereas isolating and studying kin recognition mechanisms in humans using auditory and visual stimuli is problematic because of the high degree of conscious recognition of the individual involved, kin recognition based on body odors is done predominantly without conscious recognition. Using this, we mapped the neural substrates of human kin recognition by acquiring measures of regional cerebral blood flow from women smelling the body odors of either their sister or their same-sex friend. The initial behavioral experiment demonstrated that accurate identification of kin is performed with a low conscious recognition. The subsequent neuroimaging experiment demonstrated that olfactory based kin recognition in women recruited the frontal-temporal junction, the insula, and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex; the latter area is implicated in the coding of self-referent processing and kin recognition. We further show that the neuronal response is seemingly independent of conscious identification of the individual source, demonstrating that humans have an odor based kin detection system akin to what has been shown for other mammals.
Application of High Concentration Contrast and High-speed Angioplasty to Achieve High-quality Image in Animal Experiment (2007)

Objective:To evaluate the technique of improving the image quality of DSA(Digital substraction angiography) in animal experiment and enhance the veracity of the experiment and its persuasion.Methods:In the experiment of pulmonary embolism with 85 canines,the parameter was selected with six frames per second to increase the chance of acquiring the best image.The contrast media of 75% high concentration was used to increase the contrast and definition.Before the angiography,the pressure on abdomen of canine was enhanced and 1～3 mL Diprivan was used to weaken the respiration of canine and make preparation for the angiograph.The techniques of brim enhancing and pixel shift were used to improve the image quality after exam.Results: The artifact of the DSA image was reduced when the above methods were used.The experiments were accomplished successfully and the image quality was improved.Conclusions: In the angiograph of the animal experimental,the DSA image quality can be improved and satisfactory effect can be acquired through selecting the parameter of the DSA and controlling the move and respiration of the animal using the methods of medication and physics.
[Effort to improve the management of midfacial fractures]. (2004)

全国第二次口腔颌面创伤研讨会暨口腔颌面创伤学组成立已3年.3年来,颌面部创伤的研究与临床又有了长足的进步.举办了多期颌骨骨折坚固内固定学习班,近期又举办了国际内固定研究协会中国首届学习班,使坚固内固定的理论和技术得到了进一步推广普及.近来还出版了我国第一部颌面部骨折坚固内固定的专著,相信对于使用该技术将起到规范和指导作用[1].同时根据研究与治疗的需要,国内出现并引进了新的名词和概念,如全面部骨折(panfacial fracture)、鼻眶筛(naso-orbital-ethmoid, NOE)骨折[2-4],反映出当前需要更好地处理复杂和难点骨折的新趋势,同时,随着手术器械的发展,颌面部创伤的微创手术和口内入路逐渐增多,外形和功能并重的治疗原则已被普遍接受。
Autofluorescence bronchoscopy, a novel modality for the early detection of bronchial premalignant and malignant lesions (2007)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in developed countries. Recently, autofluorescence bronchoscopy has been reported to improve the early detection of lung cancer in high-risk individuals. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of autofluorescence bronchoscopy for the early detection of bronchial premalignant and malignant lesions. From November 2000 through March 2004, 123 high-risk individuals (114 men and 9 women with a mean age of 68 years) were enrolled. Among 282 biopsy specimens, 93 (33.0%) were premalignant or malignant lesions. The sensitivity and negative predictive value for the detection of bronchial premalignant and malignant lesions were significantly higher with the addition of autofluorescence bronchoscopy than white light bronchoscopy alone. Moreover, the sensitivity for the detection of bronchial premalignant lesions was extremely higher with the addition of autofluorescence bronchoscopy than white light bronchoscopy alone, whereas there was no significant difference between autofluorescence bronchoscopy and white light bronchoscopy alone for the detection of non-malignant and malignant lesions. Autofluorescence bronchoscopy is a novel modality for the early detection of bronchial abnormality, especially for bronchial premalignant lesions.
EvOnto une approche pour maintenir la cohérence entre une ressource termino-ontologique et des annotations sémantiques (2011)

International audience
Dielectrophoresis: A Review of Applications for Stem Cell Research (2010)

Dielectrophoresis can discriminate distinct cellular identities in heterogeneous populations, and monitor cell state changes associated with activation and clonal expansion, apoptosis, and necrosis, without the need for biochemical labels. Demonstrated capabilities include the enrichment of haematopoetic stem cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood, and adult stem cells from adipose tissue. Recent research suggests that this technique can predict the ultimate fate of neural stem cells after differentiation before the appearance of specific cell-surface proteins. This review summarises the properties of cells that contribute to their dielectrophoretic behaviour, and their relevance to stem cell research and translational applications.