gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Entropy-based dynamic graph embedding for anomaly detection on multiple climate time series (2021)

Abnormal climate event is that some meteorological conditions are extreme in a certain time interval. The existing methods for detecting abnormal climate events utilize supervised learning models to learn the abnormal patterns, but they cannot detect the untrained patterns. To overcome this problem, we construct a dynamic graph by discovering the correlation among the climate time series and propose a novel dynamic graph embedding model based on graph entropy called EDynGE to discriminate anomalies. The graph entropy measurement quantifies the information of the graphs and constructs the embedding space. We conducted experiments on synthetic datasets and real-world meteorological datasets. The results showed that EdynGE model achieved a better F1-score than the baselines by 43.2%, and the number of days of abnormal climate events has increased by 304.5 days in the past 30 years.
ANALYSIS AND REAL-TIME VISUALIZATION OF GEO-SPATIAL DATA USING XDASH: APPLICATION TO FLAIR PROJECT (2020)

Abstract. The reduction of atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions is a major challenge. In this context, each natural or industrial release such as methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) has to be monitored, localized and quantified. IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN) is developing a mobile measurement system called Flair car whose purpose is the detection of different abnormal gas emissions. Flair car system incorporates various gas sensors, including a weather station and GPS (Global Positioning System) module, mounted on a plugin hybrid electric vehicle. This enables the real-time monitoring and the recording of geo-time-stamped gas concentration measurements. Flair map corresponds to the on board real-time visualization software.Flair map development required two important challenges: a quick and agile software modification capability together with a real-time display of measurements on maps. In order to meet these two challenges, we adopted a software rapid-prototyping approach based on the xDash tool. In this paper, our proposed real-time data visualisation approach is first introduced. Then, the rapid-prototyping development methodology which resulted in the Flair map software is described. Finally, two main operational usages of Flair map are illustrated. The first involves real-time visualization aboard the car of the maps representing data acquisition from gas concentration sensors. The second shows the a-posteriori analysis of measurement campaigns for the purpose of methane anomalies study.
Iodine-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine for the locating of suspected pheochromocytoma: experience in 400 cases. (1985)

The efficacy of the newly developed pheochromocytoma-seeking radiopharmaceutical, [131I]MIBG, was examined in the first 400 patients (441 studies) investigated for suspected pheochromocytoma at our institution. The results of [131I]MIBG scintigraphy were classified as true positive, false positive, true negative, and false negative. Using this classification the sensitivity was found to be 78.4% in primary, sporadic pheochromocytoma, 92.4% in malignant pheochromocytoma, and 94.3% in familial pheochromocytoma giving an overall sensitivity of 87.4%. The specificity was 98.9% in primary, sporadic pheochromocytoma, 100% in malignant pheochromocytoma, and 100% in familial pheochromocytoma. The overall specificity was 98.9%. Iodine-131 MIBG scintigraphy was thus found to be a safe, noninvasive, and efficacious technique for the location of pheochromocytomas, especially for those arising from nonadrenal sites, recurring postoperatively, and exhibiting malignant metastatic disease. We find that, where available, [131I]MIBG scintigraphy is the study of choice to initiate the location of suspected pheochromocytoma.
Synthesis of 1,4-Disubstituted Mono and Bis-triazolocarbo-acyclonucleoside Analogues of 9-(4-Hydroxybutyl)guanine by Cu(I)-Catalyzed Click Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (2011)

A series of novel mono-1,2,3-triazole and bis-1,2,3-triazole acyclonucleoside analogues of 9-(4-hydroxybutyl)guanine was prepared via copper(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N-9 propargylpurine, N-1-propargylpyrimidines/as-triazine with the azido-pseudo-sugar 4-azidobutylacetate under solvent-free microwave conditions, followed by treatment with K(2)CO(3)/MeOH, or NH(3)/MeOH. All compounds studied in this work were screened for their antiviral activities [against human rhinovirus (HRV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV)] and antibacterial activities against a series of Gram positive and negative bacteria.
An Analysis of the Lowest Effective Intensity of Prophylactic Anticoagulation for Patients with Nonrheumatic Atrial Fibrillation (1996)

Among patients with atrial fibrillation, anticoagulant prophylaxis is effective at INRs of 2.0 or greater. Since previous studies have indicated that the risk of hemorrhage rises rapidly at INRs greater than 4.0 to 5.0, tight control of anticoagulant therapy to maintain the INR between 2.0 and 3.0 is a better strategy than targeting lower, less effective levels of anticoagulation.
A Proposal to Apply Effective Acceptor Level for Representing Increased Ionization Ratio of Mg Acceptors in Extrinsically Photon-Recycled GaN (2014)

An effective acceptor level ( E A eff ) for representing the increased ionization ratio in extrinsically photon-recycled p-type GaN is proposed. E A eff at 300 K in the range of 0.1360.145 eV is found to reproduce current/voltage characteristics of transmission-line-model patterns formed with GaN p-n junction epitaxial layers and electrode spacing of 320 μm when the p-n diode current flowing through an 80×100-μm electrode is 90 mA. When E A eff is decreased from 0.160 eV to 0.145 eV, the on-resistance of 18×100-μm GaN bipolar transistors is predicted to be reduced by more than 50%.
Computer-aided cataract detection using enhanced texture features on retro-illumination lens images (2011)

Cataract is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Computer-aided cataract detection is two-fold significant. Firstly, it will be helpful in mass screening. Secondly, it can be used as the preprocessing step for computer-aided grading. In this paper, the enhanced texture feature is proposed based on the graders' expertise of cataract and the characteristics of the retro-illumination lens images. The statistics of the enhanced texture feature is used to train the linear discriminant analysis to detect the cataract. The accuracy of 84.8% is achieved on a clinical database that contains 4545 pairs of images. It demonstrates that the proposed method is promising for mass screening and as the preprocessing step for computer-aided grading.
Secreted Frizzled-related proteins enhance the diffusion of Wnt ligands and expand their signalling range (2009)

Secreted Frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) are thought to negatively modulate Wnt signalling. Although Wnt proteins are thought to diffuse extracellularly and act as morphogens, little is known about the diffusibility of either Wnts or sFRPs. Here we show that Frzb and Crescent (Cres), which are members of the sFRP family, have the ability to regulate the diffusibility and signalling areas of the Wnt ligands Wnt8 and Wnt11. We found, using the Xenopus embryo, that Wnts do not diffuse effectively, whereas Frzb and Cres spread very widely. Interestingly, Frzb and Cres substantially promoted the diffusion of Wnt8 and Wnt11 through extracellular interactions. Importantly, we show that Wnt8 conveyed by sFRPs can activate canonical Wnt signalling despite the function of sFRPs as Wnt inhibitors, suggesting a novel regulatory system for Wnts by sFRPs.
Engineered nanoparticle surfaces for improved mass spectrometric analyses (2009)

Engineering of nanoparticle surface functionality provides controlled interactions with biomolecules such as cell membrane lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Concurrently, this surface chemistry control also opens up new avenues for improving mass spectral analyses. In this Minireview, we highlight some of the emerging work that integrates surface-engineered nanoparticles with mass spectrometry to improve the analysis of a wide variety of chemical and biological systems.
Durable memories and efficient neural coding through mnemonic training using the method of loci (2020)

Abstract Mnemonic techniques, such as the method of loci, can powerfully boost memory. Here, we compared memory athletes ranked among the world’s top 50 in memory sports to mnemonics-naïve controls. In a second study, participants completed a six-weeks memory training, working memory training, or no intervention. Behaviorally, memory training enhanced durable, longer-lasting memories. fMRI during encoding and recognition revealed task-based activation decreases in lateral prefrontal, as well as in parahippocampal and retrosplenial cortices in both memory athletes and participants after memory training, partly associated with better performance after four months. This was complemented by hippocampal-neocortical coupling during consolidation, which was stronger the more durable memories participants formed. Our findings are the first to demonstrate that mnemonic training boosts durable memory formation via decreased task-based activation and increased consolidation thereafter. This is in line with conceptual accounts of neural efficiency and highlights a complex interplay of neural processes critical for extraordinary memory.
Bariatric Surgery versus Intensive Medical Therapy for Diabetes — 3-Year Outcomes (2014)

Among obese patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, 3 years of intensive medical therapy plus bariatric surgery resulted in glycemic control in significantly more patients than did medical therapy alone. Analyses of secondary end points, including body weight, use of glucose-lowering medications, and quality of life, also showed favorable results at 3 years in the surgical groups, as compared with the group receiving medical therapy alone. (Funded by Ethicon and others; STAMPEDE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00432809.).
Evaluation of melatonin receptor 1a as a candidate gene influencing reproduction in an autumn-lambing sheep flock (2003)

The effect of the melatonin receptor 1a (MTNR1A) gene on fertility and litter size in autumn lambing was studied with 373 ewes from a population of sheep selected for 10 yr for fertility in May and June matings. Animals were from a composite line of 50% Dorset, 25% Rambouillet, and 25% Finnsheep. Two restriction fragment length polymorphisms were present in the population, with allelic frequencies of 0.42 and 0.58 for an MnII polymorphism (alleles M and m, respectively) and of 0.34 and 0.66 for an RsaI polymorphism (alleles R and r, respectively). Genotypic frequencies for the polymorphisms were not independent, suggesting an association between them in foundation animals. Effects of MTNR1A genotype on fertility and litter size were evaluated using mixed linear model or REML procedures, but were not significant for matings involving ewes of all ages. However, in adult ewes (3 yr old and older), fertility of ewes of genotype mm was 10.0 (mixed model; P < 0.09) to 11.2% (REML; P = 0.03) less than that of other ewes. Genotypic effects associated with MTNR1A in adult ewes accounted for 23.8% of the estimated total additive genetic variance in fertility. Litter size was not significantly associated with MTNR1A genotype; adult ewes of genotype mm had approximately 0.11 fewer lambs per ewe lambing than ewes of other genotypes. Fertility in autumn lambing is lowly heritable, expressed only in females, and manifested relatively late in life and only in some management systems. Access to genetic markers would thus be advantageous in selection programs.
Simulations of distributed bragg reflector multi-mode interference bistable laser diodes for cascadable ad-optical flip-flops (2004)

The integration of multi-mode interference (MMI) bistable laser diodes (BLDs) with distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) is analyzed for cascadable all-optical flip-flops. Device behavior in terms of side mode suppression ratio (SMSR), extinction ratio, and power-current relation is discussed for varied mirror parameters for a 1.55-/spl mu/m InP/InGaAsP ridge structure. The static laser characteristics are determined through the beam propagation method (BPM) in conjunction with the laser carrier rate equations.
SU‐E‐J‐188: Impact of Unexpected Dose Warping with Deformable Image Registration in Lung Cancer (2014)

Purpose: In our previous study of dose warping validation, four cases in twenty lung SBRT patients shows unexpected result. We clarify the impact of dose warping with a free‐downloadable deformable image registration (DIR) program and a commercially‐available DIR software program. Methods: Our in‐house software was implemented with the blockmatching algorithm for rigid registration and the free‐form deformation algorithm for non‐rigid registration from the NiftyReg. The deformation algorithm implemented in the MIM software was also based on the freeform deformation algorithm. In order to assess the accuracy of dose warping from the two software programs, generalized equivalent uniformed dose (gEUD) of the deformed dose distribution for peak inhale phase was compared with the gEUD of the dose distribution for peak inhale phase base on a assumption that a radiobiological equivalent dose would be stable before and after the deformation. The peak‐inhale deformed dose distribution was superimposed on peak‐exhale phase CT and structure datasets. Results: The in‐house software shows that the difference of gEUD for the tumor was less than 1% in the previous study. The difference was 21.4% on average in the four cases (Max: 51.2%). In the four cases in the MIM, the result was improved, however was still more than 1% (Average: 7.3%, Max: 24.3%). In the visual evaluation of the case with large gEUD difference, the shape of dose distribution from dose warping was not in nature from the motion of the tumor. The CT images of a case, which have large difference of gEUD, shows that the tumor was surrounded by the structure with the similar CT values, which were the chest wall or the diaphragm. Conclusion: A commissioning test of not only a freedownloadable DIR program but also a commercial software is essential and we should understand pitfalls of dose warping from the DIR.
Two Hearts in One [from "Duplexities"]. (2013)

The poem “Two Hearts in One [from 'Duplexities']” by Charles Bernstein is presented. First Line: two hearts as one; Last Line: a dance in time.
Early rule-out of acute coronary syndrome using undetectable levels of high sensitivity troponin T (2014)

A single hsTnT test at presentation, using the LOD as the cut-off, appears to be a safe and time-saving strategy to rule out NSTE-ACS. Further, undetectable levels of hsTnT were associated with an excellent prognosis and none of the patients with undetectable hsTnT were diagnosed with NSTEMI. Together with ECG and clinical assessment this biomarker strategy might permit outpatient treatment of almost one third of the patients we currently admit for observation.
Genetic Alterations in Gliomas Remodel the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Impact Immune-Mediated Therapies (2021)

High grade gliomas are malignant brain tumors that arise in the central nervous system, in patients of all ages. Currently, the standard of care, entailing surgery and chemo radiation, exhibits a survival rate of 14-17 months. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies for these malignant brain tumors. Currently, immunotherapies represent an appealing approach to treat malignant gliomas, as the pre-clinical data has been encouraging. However, the translation of the discoveries from the bench to the bedside has not been as successful as with other types of cancer, and no long-lasting clinical benefits have been observed for glioma patients treated with immune-mediated therapies so far. This review aims to discuss our current knowledge about gliomas, their molecular particularities and the impact on the tumor immune microenvironment. Also, we discuss several murine models used to study these therapies pre-clinically and how the model selection can impact the outcomes of the approaches to be tested. Finally, we present different immunotherapy strategies being employed in clinical trials for glioma and the newest developments intended to harness the immune system against these incurable brain tumors.
Convenient Synthesis of 1-Fluoroalkyl-2-hydro[60]fullerene Using Fluoroalkyl Halide with Tributyltin Hydride under Radical Conditions (1996)

Abstract A convenient method for the preparation of fluoroalkyl-modified C60 using fluoroalkyl halides with Bu3SnH under radical conditions has been developed; 1-fluoroalkyl-2-hydro[60]fullerenes at 6,6-junction (C60(RF)H : RF = CF2CO2Et, n-C6F13, CF2Br, n-C12F25, and (CF2)6I) were synthesized effectively.
Anti-cancer pro-inflammatory effects of an IgE antibody targeting the melanoma-associated antigen chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (2023)

Outcomes for half of patients with melanoma remain poor despite standard-of-care checkpoint inhibitor therapies. The prevalence of the melanoma-associated antigen chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) expression is ~70%, therefore effective immunotherapies directed at CSPG4 could benefit many patients. Since IgE exerts potent immune-activating functions in tissues, we engineer a monoclonal IgE antibody with human constant domains recognizing CSPG4 to target melanoma. CSPG4 IgE binds to human melanomas including metastases, mediates tumoricidal antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and stimulates human IgE Fc-receptor-expressing monocytes towards pro-inflammatory phenotypes. IgE demonstrates anti-tumor activity in human melanoma xenograft models engrafted with human effector cells and is associated with enhanced macrophage infiltration, enriched monocyte and macrophage gene signatures and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in the tumor microenvironment. IgE prolongs the survival of patient-derived xenograft-bearing mice reconstituted with autologous immune cells. No ex vivo activation of basophils in patient blood is measured in the presence of CSPG4 IgE. Our findings support a promising IgE-based immunotherapy for melanoma.
Tumor BRCA1, RRM1 and RRM2 mRNA Expression Levels and Clinical Response to First-Line Gemcitabine plus Docetaxel in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients (2008)

The mRNA expression of BRCA1, RRM1 and RRM2 is potentially a useful tool for selecting NSCLC patients for individualized chemotherapy and warrants further investigation in prospective studies.
EVALUATION OF STIRRUP RUPTURES THROUGH EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL SIMULATIONS OF ASR EXPANSION (2017)

To estimate the behavior of stirrups, which is necessary for understanding the reason for stirrups rupturing due to Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR), experiments simulating ASR expansion were conducted. Using 1/4 scale of the actual structure with ruptured stirrups, specimens were made by casting expansive mortar into the square hollow of ordinary concrete set to provide adhesion for the stirrup. FEM analysis was also performed to further evaluate the movement behavior. The results showed that corresponding to external cracking caused by bending and tensile effects, ASR-induced uniform elongation and circular-arc deformation were generated. Further, owing to the influence of circular-arc deformation, angular opening of the corner stirrup with angular increment was verified directly for the bent section of the stirrup. This was confirmed to induce the progress of crack initiations in stirrups and even ruptures.
Influence Of Interrupted Growth On The Luminescence Properties Of Quantum Wells (1988)

The natural lineshape of luminescence from a quantum well shows Gaussian broadening if its interfaces are not ideally abrupt. The results of a comparative study of the model quantum well system AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy with and without interruption of the growth at the interfaces is presented. In addition a detailed lineshape theory is outlined, allowing for a quantitative determination of the interface roughness distribution function. We find this function to depend in a delicate way on growth rates temperature, interruption time and chemical compositon of the growth surface. Roughness reduction upon growth interruption is analyzed in detail. For specific growth conditions and interruptions of 2 min at both interfaces formation of up to 7 gm large interface islands differing by a one monolayer step (2.8 &Aring;) are observed. Consequently such quantum wells have a columnar structure, which can be directly visualized using cathodoluminescence imaging. Strong reduction of island size indicating transition from planar growth to three-dimensional growth is observed by CLI upon an increase of growth temperature from Tg = 600°C to 660°C.
Development of a Magnetic Field Generating Coil Combined with the Cooling Bath for Supercooled Freezing under the Magnetic Field (2016)

In this paper, we developed a magnetic field generating coil for finding out an effective magnetic field for supercooled freezing of biological tissues under the magnetic field. The range of the frequency and the magnetic flux density of the inducing magnetic field was expanded by reducing the resistance compared with the previous coil. The upper range of the frequency increased from 2 kHz to 10 kHz and that of the magnetic flux density increased from 0.3 mT to 2.0 mT. We evaluated the magnetic field dependency of the degree of supercooling of the porcine ovarian tissues using the developed coil. In supercooled freezing, it is reported that the growth of the ice crystals, which is a cause of cell destruction, was suppressed with the increase of the degree of supercooling. This result indicates that increasing the degree of supercooling may enable to prevent cell destruction. Therefore we evaluated the effect of the magnetic field by measuring the degree of supercooling. As a result of the measurement, the averages of the degree of supercooling at 10 kHz frequency of 2.0 mT magnetic field increased the most from 9.1 ± 1.7 °C for without magnetic field to 10.5 ± 1.7 °C.