gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MMP13 is potentially a new tumor marker for breast cancer diagnosis (2009)

Within the past decade, the incidence of breast cancer in Taiwan has been rising year after year. Breast cancer is the first most prevalent cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Taiwan. The early stage of breast cancer not only have a wider range of therapeutic options, but also obtain a higher success rate of therapy than those with advanced breast cancer. A test for tumor markers is the most convenient method to screen for breast cancer. However, the tumor markers currently available for breast cancer detection include carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 15.3 (CA15.3), and carbohydrate antigen 27.29 (CA27.29) exhibited certain limitations. Poor sensitivity and specificity greatly limits the diagnostic accuracy of these markers. This study aims to identify potential tumor markers for breast cancer. At first, we analyzed genes expression in infiltrating lobular carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma, and infiltrating ductal carcinoma of paired specimens (tumor and normal tissue) from breast cancer patients using microarray technology. We selected 371 overexpressed genes in all of the three cell type. In advanced breast cancer tissue, we detected four genes MMP13, CAMP, COL10A1 and FLJ25416 from 25 overexpressed genes which encoded secretion protein more specifically for breast cancer than other genes. After validation with 15 pairs of breast cancer tissue and paired to normal adjacent tissues by membrane array and quantitative RT-PCR, we found MMP13 was 100% overexpressed and confirmed to be a secreted protein by Western blot analysis of the cell culture medium. The expression level of MMP13 was also measured by immunohistochemical staining. We suggest that MMP13 is a highly overexpressed secretion protein in breast cancer tissue. It has potential to be a new tumor marker for breast cancer diagnosis.
Identification of Type 1 Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase as an Antiangiogenic Drug Target (2006)

To rapidly discover clinically useful angiogenesis inhibitors, we created and screened a library of existing drugs for inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation. Mycophenolic acid (MPA), an immunosuppressive drug, was found to potently inhibit endothelial cell proliferation in vitro and block tumor-induced angiogenesis in vivo. Using RNA interference, we found that knockdown of one of the two known isoforms of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH-1) is sufficient to cause endothelial cell cycle arrest.
Smart designing of smart systems (2021)

We live in an age when previously disjunctive concepts, theories, methodologies, technologies, implementations, applications, and cultures are coming together. This does not mean a reductionist integration but a holistic synthesis of the abovementioned things. This widespread phenomenon is often referred to as convergence, which may happen in multiple forms across multiple domains. Examples include forming a transdisciplinary scientific discipline, amalgamating hardware, software, and cyberware in complex systems, interplaying social demands and technological affordances, and merging massive data, information, and knowledge. Convergence influences not only physical but also cognitive processes. Fueled by the results of artificial narrow and general intelligence, the physical, perceptive, and cognitive capabilities of humans and intellectualized engineering systems are also converging. This rapidly proliferating trend of convergence provided theoretical underpinning for this thematic collection and explains its practical relevance. In this case, convergence concerns the approaches and methods of smart designing and the development of smart systems, and is facilitated by various manifestations of artificial intelligence (AI) enablers.
ChemInform Abstract: The Control of Translational Isomerism in Catenated Structures. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of Electric Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling Allocation Methods (2022)

Power lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are an important component of carbon neutrality in the transportation sector. The rapid growth of the LIB recycling industry is driven by various factors, such as resource scarcity. As a process interacting upstream and downstream, LIB recycling must consider the impact of the application of modeling approaches on the allocation of environmental benefits and burdens, especially at a time when carbon emissions are highly correlated with profit. In this study, seven allocation methods were chosen and applied to the production and multiple recycling process of typical LIB on the same data basis. The application of different allocation methods produced very disparate allocation results, and the conclusions of previous studies comparing the environmental performance of battery types need to be revisited. The life-cycle assessment (LCA) results should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the allocation methods. Furthermore, a multi-indicator qualitative analysis based on product and process characteristics compares the applicability of the allocation methods to different aspects of LIB recycling. Relevant product standards for batteries should consider the characteristics of different methods and recommend a specific allocation method for the LCA community to employ in time to ensure that relevant studies are representative and comparable.
Prediction Of Neonatal Risk Of Hypertension From Cardiovascular Characteristics Determined At Birth (2005)

The contribution of genetics is a primary factor in the predisposition of a newborn to elevated blood pressure (BP) later in life. In the search for an index of this factor, circadian characteristics, descriptive statistics of systolic and diastolic BP, and heart-rate series automatically monitored on 95 newborns at about 30-min intervals for 48 h were used in a multiple regression analysis to compute a linear prediction function for a cardiovascular risk score (CRS). This CRS was obtained for each neonate on the basis of the presence of overt cardiovascular disease, elevated BP, or obesity across two generations. The results provide a neonatal index of cardiovascular risk.
Human Trust Modeling for Bias Mitigation in Artificial Intelligence (2019)

Human-in-the-loop model-building processes are increasingly popular as they incorporate human intuition and not easily externalized domain knowledge. However, we argue that the inclusion of the human, and in particular direct model manipulations, result in a high risk of creating biased models and results. We present a new approach of “Human Trust Modeling” that lets systems model the users’ intentions and deduce whether they have understood the underlying modeling processes and act coherently. Using this trust model, systems can enable or disable and encourage or discourage interactions to mitigate bias.
Design Evaluation In the Aspects of Hydrodynamics On a Prototype Semi-Submersible With Rectangular Cross-Section Members (2005)

In this research a new generation semi-submersible which consists of rectangular pontoons and square columns was modelled. The proposed semi-submersible would be cheap and quick to build, based on standard cubic boxes constructed by stiffened flat panel line assembly techniques, as conducted in modern shipbuilding. The proposed semisubmersible could be utilised for production, drilling and accommodation. To evaluate the hydrodynamic viability of the proposed design, this paper will describe the hydrodynamic design calculations and the results of the correlation between the model test results and numerical predictions as well as the results of comparisons carried out with different designs.
Biokinetics of the Monoclonal Antibodies MOv 18, OV 185 and OV 197 Labelled with125I According to the m-MeATE Method or the Iodogen Method in Nude Mice with Ovarian Cancer Xenografts (1999)

The biodistribution of the radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies MOv18, OV185 and OV197 in nude mice with subcutaneous tumours of the human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR3 was investigated. The early uptake of MOv18 (1-24 h) and the uptake in relation to tumour size were also studied. The antibodies were labelled with 125I according to the Iodogen method or the m-MeATE method, the latter also being suitable for labelling with 211Astatine. The tumour/blood ratio and the localization index for Mov 18 72 h after antibody injection were 2.21 +/- 0.25 and 4.62 +/- 1.27, respectively. This is significantly higher than for the other two specific antibodies. The early tumour uptake of MOv18 was low with a tumour/blood ratio of 0.23 +/- 0.04 after 6 h, and the uptake was higher in small tumours. The two labelling methods were found to be equivalent. We conclude that MOv18 labelled according the m-MeATE method should be suitable for further therapeutic studies with 211Astatine in nude mice.
A Real-Time Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering Study of Crystal Thickening in Ultralong Alkanes (2003)

Ultralong alkanes crystallize into lamellae with a thickness that is an integer fraction of the extended chain length. On heating, they unfold or thicken to approach the equilibrium, extended chain form. Using high-resolution in-situ wide-angle X-ray scattering, carried out at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, it has been shown that this thickening is accompanied by a contraction of the lattice, a contraction accompanying each thickening event between each integer folded crystal thickness. Prior to thickening, there is an increase in disorder, as measured by the change in peak width. In extended chain alkanes with the same crystal thickness the lattice simply expands thermally before melting.
Self‐rated and informant‐rated everyday function in comparison to objective markers of Alzheimer's disease (2014)

It is recognized that individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) already demonstrate difficulty in aspects of daily functioning, which predicts disease progression. This study examined the relationship between self- versus informant-report of functional ability, and how those reports relate to objective disease measures across the disease spectrum (i.e. cognitively normal, MCI, Alzheimer's disease). A total of 1080 subjects with self- and/or informant-rated Everyday Cognition questionnaires were included. Objective measures included cognitive functioning, structural brain atrophy, cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities, and a marker of amyloid deposition using positron emission tomography with [18F]AV45 (florbetapir). Overall, informant-report was consistently more associated with objective markers of disease than self-report although self-reported functional status may still have some utility in early disease.
Pulmonary hypertension after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: Effects on right ventricular function (1996)

The short- and mid-term hemodynamic effects of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) were studied in 16 sedated cirrhotic patients. Indications included relapsing variceal bleeding (n = 10) and refractory ascites (n = 6). The decrease of porto-atrial pressure gradient (from 20.4 +/- 4.2 mm Hg to 10.1 +/- 2.4 mmHg; P < .05) was associated with an increase of mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) (from 12.3 +/- 3.0 mm Hg to 20.3 +/- 5.3 mm Hg; P < .05) and of right atrial pressure (RAP) from 3.4 +/- 2.6 mm Hg to 8.3 +/- 3.7 mm Hg; P < .05), whereas right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDVI) remained unchanged. The significant increase of cardiac index (CI) (from 4.5 +/- 1.2 L/min/m2 to 5.0 +/- 1.1 L/min/m2; P < .05) was essentially attributable to an increase of heart rate (HR) (from 81 +/- 11 to 88 +/- 10 beats/min; P < .05). Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) decreased (from 812 +/- 281 to 666 +/- 191 dynes/sec/cm5; P < .05), whereas pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) increased (from 60.6 +/- 29.6 to 82.0 +/- 34.6 dynes/sec/cm5; P < .05). After transient shunt occlusion with a balloon catheter, all of the hemodynamic parameters returned to baseline values, except pulmonary artery pressure, which also decreased but remained significantly increased. One month after TIPS, pulmonary pressure remained elevated, and CI further increased. It is concluded that increased PVR is the major hemodynamic alteration occurring after TIPS placement. It correlates with the decrease of porto-atrial gradient and is probably mediated by both mechanical and neurohumoral factors.
Frequency Effects on Fatigue Behavior and Temperature Evolution of Steels (2003)

Fatigue experiments on steels were conducted using an advanced electrohydraulic machine, which has a frequency range from approximately 1 Hz to 1000 Hz. Increasing the test frequency from 10 Hz to 1000 Hz will increase the specimen temperature, which, in turn, will decrease the fatigue life in air. However, in mercury, due to the cooling effect by mercury, little change in fatigue life was observed at different frequencies. A high-speed and high-sensitivity thermographic infrared (IR) imaging system has been used for nondestructive evaluation of temperature evolutions during fatigue testing of steels. The temperature sensitivity of the camera is 0.015°C at 23°C. High-speed data acquisition capabilities are available at 150 Hz with a full frame, and 6100 Hz with a narrow window. Thus, the IR camera can be used to monitor in situ temperature evolutions resulting from fatigue. Five stages of specimen temperature evolutions were observed during fatigue testing: an initial increase of the mean temperature of the test sample, a followed decrease of the temperature, an equilibrium (steady-state) temperature region, an abrupt increase of temperature before final failure, and a temperature after specimen failure. The measurements of temperature oscillations within each fatigue cycle at 20 Hz have been attempted. During each fatigue cycle, the specimen temperature was detected to oscillate within approximately 0.5°C depending on the loading conditions and test materials. When the applied stress reached the minimum, the temperature typically approached the maximum. However, the applied maximum stress did not necessarily correspond to the minimum temperature. A theoretical framework was attempted to predict temperature evolutions based on thermoelastic and inelastic effects, and heat-conduction models. Temperature oscillation during fatigue resulted from the thermoelastic effects, while the increase in the mean temperature derived from the inelastic behavior of the materials. The predicted temperature evolutions during fatigue were found to be in good agreement with the thermographic results measured by the advanced high-speed and high-sensitivity IR camera. Furthermore, the back calculation from the observed temperature was conducted to obtain inelastic deformation and stress-strain curves during fatigue.
Improvement of PA6 Mechanical Properties by Radiation Cross-Linking (2015)

Influence of mechanical properties of the hard surface layer of modified polyamide 6 is studied. Mechanical properties are acquired by nanohardness test with using the DSI method (Depth Sensing Indentation). Hard surface layers are created by radiation cross-linking technology. This technology allows polymer materials modification followed by the change of their end-use properties. The surface layer of polymer material is modified by ionizing β - radiation. When the polymer material is exposed to the β radiation, it is possible to observe changes of the surface layer at applied load. Radiation cross-linking usually improves strength, reduces creep, contributes to chemical resistance improvement, and in many cases improves tribological properties.
luxS mutants of Serratia defective in autoinducer-2-dependent ‘quorum sensing’ show strain-dependent impacts on virulence and production of carbapenem and prodigiosin (2004)

The enzyme LuxS is responsible for the production of autoinducer-2 (AI-2), a molecule that has been implicated in quorum sensing in many bacterial species. This study investigated whether there is a luxS-dependent signalling system in the Gram-negative bacteria Serratia spp. Serratia marcescens is a broad-host-range pathogen and an important cause of nosocomial infections. Production of AI-2 activity was detected in S. marcescens ATCC 274 and Serratia ATCC 39006 and their luxS genes were sequenced. luxS mutants were constructed in these strains and were analysed to determine which phenotypes are regulated by luxS and therefore, potentially, by AI-2. The phenotypes of the luxS mutants included decreased carbapenem antibiotic production in Serratia ATCC 39006 and decreased prodigiosin and secreted haemolysin production in S. marcescens ATCC 274. The luxS mutant of S. marcescens ATCC 274 was also found to exhibit modestly reduced virulence in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. Finally, it was shown that the culture supernatant of a wild-type strain contains a signal, presumably AI-2, capable of complementing the prodigiosin defect of the luxS mutant of another strain, even when substantially diluted. It is concluded that luxS modulates virulence and antibiotic production in Serratia, in a strain-dependent manner, and that, for at least one phenotype, this regulation is via extracellular signalling.
Utilization of a Recombinant Substrate rAgg1 to Study the Biochemical Properties of Aggrecanase in Cell Culture Systems (1997)

This paper describes the first report of the production and use of an artificial recombinant protein substrate to study "aggrecanase" activity. The substrate (rAgg1) is composed of the complete interglobular domain (IGD) of human aggrecan flanked by the "marker" sequences FLAGTM at the amino terminus and the human immunoglobulin G1 constant region at the carboxyl terminus. The expressed protein occurs as large multimolecular aggregates (>120 kDa) that, upon reduction, consist of a major isoform of 72 kDa (containing the IGD) and a minor 39-kDa species that through alternative splicing has had the IGD deleted. Using this recombinant substrate we developed a novel agarose cell culture system containing either rat chondrosarcoma or bovine chondrocytes that could be used in studies of the biochemical characterization of aggrecanase activities. These studies showed the following. (i) rAgg1 is a suitable substrate for aggrecanase proteolysis. (ii) Aggrecanase activity was specifically induced by exposing chondrocytes to retinoic acid. (iii) A considerable time period was required to synthesize and/or activate aggrecanase, with considerable differences in that found in rat chondrosarcoma versus bovine chondrocyte culture systems. (iv) Aggrecanase cleavage of the aggrecan IGD does not require the presence of the G1 or G2 globular domains or keratan sulfate post-translational modification in the IGD. (v) Aggrecanase is a diffusible activity that does not require association with the chondrocyte plasma membrane or immediate pericellular matrix for its action.
Reduced-Order Generalized Integrator-Based Phase-Locked Loop: Performance Improvement for Grid Synchronization of Single-Phase Inverters (2022)

Generalized integrator-based orthogonal signal generator phase-locked loops (GI-OSG PLLs) are very popular in single-phase grid synchronization. Generally speaking, the OSG of this PLL is realized from a second-order integrator perspective. As a result, the OSG implementation impacts the PLL dynamics. Improving the PLL performance by employing a reduced-order OSG implementation is the main motivation for this paper. Therefore, a reduced order-OSG PLL is proposed. In the proposed PLL, a single state and two output equations are employed to obtain a pair of orthogonal signals. This results in the loss of orthogonality between the OSG outputs and the single-phase supply voltage. Also, harmonic filtering capability provided by SOGI-OSG becomes non-existent. These issues are resolved by incorporating steady-state phase angle-offset error compensation at the PLL output and a moving average filter (MAF) within the PLL loop. To counteract the influence of MAF on the PLL’s stability and dynamics performance, a phase-lead compensator is designed. Through experimental studies, it is shown that the proposed reduced order-OSG PLL offers excellent dynamic performance. Also, the proposed PLL achieves minimal fluctuation of PV power when employed for grid synchronization of a PV system.
Extraction of phenolic antioxidants from four selected seaweeds obtained from Sabah (2016)

Algal have attracted attention from biomedical scientists as they are a valuable natural source of secondary metabolites that exhibit antioxidant activities. In this study, single-factor experiments were conducted to investigate the best extraction conditions (ethanol concentration, solid-to-solvent ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time) in extracting antioxidant compounds and capacities from four species of seaweeds (Sargassum polycystum, Eucheuma denticulatum, Kappaphycus alvarezzi variance Buaya and Kappaphycus alvarezzi variance Giant) from Sabah. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) assays were used to determine the phenolic and flavonoid concentrations, respectively, while 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacities of all seaweed extracts. Results showed that extraction parameters had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the antioxidant compounds and antioxidant capacities of seaweed. Sargassum polycystum portrayed the most antioxidant compounds (37.41 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g DW and 4.54 ± 0.02 mg CE/g DW) and capacities (2.00 ± 0.01 μmol TEAC/g DW and 0.84 ± 0.01 μmol TEAC/g DW) amongst four species of seaweed.
Ninjurin1 regulates striated muscle growth and differentiation (2019)

Chronic pressure overload due to aortic valve stenosis leads to pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Hypertrophy is accompanied by an increase in myocyte surface area, which requires a proportional increase in the number of cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts to withstand enhanced workload. In a proteomic analysis we identified nerve injury-induced protein 1 (Ninjurin1), a 16kDa transmembrane cell-surface protein involved in cell adhesion and nerve repair, to be increased in hypertrophic hearts from patients with aortic stenosis. We hypothesised that Ninjurin1 is involved in myocyte hypertrophy. We analyzed cardiac biopsies from aortic-stenosis patients and control patients undergoing elective heart surgery. We studied cardiac hypertrophy in mice after transverse aortic constriction and angiotensin II infusions, and performed mechanistic analyses in cultured myocytes. We assessed the physiological role of ninjurin1 in zebrafish during heart and skeletal muscle development. Ninjurin1 was increased in hearts of aortic stenosis patients, compared to controls, as well as in hearts from mice with cardiac hypertrophy. Besides the 16kDa Ninjurin1 (Ninjurin1-16) we detected a 24kDa variant of Ninjurin1 (Ninjurin1-24), which was predominantly expressed during myocyte hypertrophy. We disclosed that the higher molecular weight of Ninjurin1-24 was caused by N-glycosylation. Ninjurin1-16 was contained in the cytoplasm of myocytes where it colocalized with stress-fibers. In contrast, Ninjurin1-24 was localized at myocyte membranes. Gain and loss-of-function experiments showed that Ninjurin1-24 plays a role in myocyte hypertrophy and myogenic differentiation in vitro. Reduced levels of ninjurin1 impaired cardiac and skeletal muscle development in zebrafish. We conclude that Ninjurin1 contributes to myocyte growth and differentiation, and that these effects are mainly mediated by N-glycosylated Ninjurin1-24.