gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Shear-Enhanced Transfer Printing of Conducting Polymer Thin Films (2020)

Polymer conductors that are solution-processable provide an opportunity to realize low-cost organic electronics. However, coating sequential layers can be hindered by poor surface wetting or dissolution of underlying layers. This has led to the use of transfer printing where solid film inks are transferred from a donor substrate to partially fabricated devices using a stamp. This approach typically requires favorable adhesion differences between the stamp, ink, and receiving substrate. Here, we present a shear-assisted organic printing (SHARP) technique that employs a shear load on a post-less polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer stamp to print large-area polymer films that can overcome large unfavorable adhesion differences between the stamp and receiving substrate. We explore the limits of this process by transfer printing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) films with varied formulation that tune the adhesive fracture energy. Using this platform, we show that the SHARP process is able to overcome a 10-fold unfavorable adhesion differential without the use of a patterned PDMS stamp, enabling large-area printing. The SHARP approach is then used to print PEDOT:PSS films in the fabrication of high-performance semitransparent organic solar cells.
Assessment of Information Needs of Rice Farmers in Tanzania; a Case Study of Kilombero District, Morogoro (2014)

Abstract This paper aims at assessing the information needs of rice farmers in Tanzania using rice producers in Kilombero District as a case study. The study was carried out in four purposefully selected villages in Kilombero District, Morogoro Region. The study used a sample size of 80 respondents.The study employed a case study research design and used a combination of methods to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Data were collected by using documentary review, questionnaires, focus group discussions and personal observations. Quantitative data were analysed by using SPSS, while qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. The results of the study revealed that rice farmers have a wide variety of information needs including information on marketing, weather condition, agricultural credit/loan, new seeds,storage method,planting methods, diseases and pest control, and pesticide availability and its application. Key sources of information used by farmers are their family or parents, personal experience, neighbors and agriculture extension officers. The study findings also revealed that the barriers to accessing agricultural information in the study area are associated with lack of information services, inadequate number of extension agents, inadequate funds, lack of awareness of information sources and information not easily accessible. It is therefore recommended that there is a need for government and other institution responsible to lay more emphasis on sustainable practices on information accessibility to rice farmers and also to disseminate information to them and address their information needs properly.
Phase II Study of Oral Capsular 4-Hydroxyphenylretinamide (4-HPR/Fenretinide) in Pediatric Patients with Refractory or Recurrent Neuroblastoma: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group (2011)

Although neither stratum met protocol criteria for efficacy, 1 PR + 13 prolonged SD occurred in 14/59 (24%) of evaluable patients. Low bioavailability may have limited fenretinide activity. Novel fenretinide formulations with improved bioavailability are currently in pediatric phase I studies.
Integrated Pedal System for Data Driven Rehabilitation (2021)

We present a system capable of providing visual feedback for ergometer training, allowing detailed analysis and gamification. The presented solution can easily upgrade any existing ergometer device. The system consists of a set of pedals with embedded sensors, readout electronics and wireless communication modules and a tablet device for interaction with the users, which can be mounted on any ergometer, transforming it into a full analytical assessment tool with interactive training capabilities. The methods to capture the forces and moments applied to the pedal, as well as the pedal's angular position, were validated using reference sensors and high-speed video capture systems. The mean-absolute error (MAE) for load is found to be 18.82 N, 25.35 N, 0.153 Nm for Fx, Fz and Mx respectively and the MAE for the pedal angle is 13.2°. A fully gamified experience of ergometer training has been demonstrated with the presented system to enhance the rehabilitation experience with audio visual feedback, based on measured cycling parameters.
The Caveats of Corticotropin Stimulation Test in Diagnosing Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency: Case Reports and Literature Review (2016)

Corticotropin stimulation test (CST) is commonly used to diagnose secondary adrenal insufficiency. We present two patients who underwent transsphenoidal pituitary surgery for pituitary macroadenoma. Both patients had additional pituitary hormone deficiencies before and after the surgery. The patients were maintained on glucocorticoid (GC) replacement for at least 3 months after the surgery. In the remote follow-up period, they underwent conventional CST with resultant cortisol levels above 18 ug/dL. This led to discontinuation of GC treatment. Few months later, both patients developed clinically evident adrenal insufficiency. Providers should be cautious interpreting the results of CST in patients with pituitary disorders. The 250-ug CST with standard cortisol cutoff has low sensitivity and can give falsely reassuring results. Thus, it is prudent to use a higher cortisol threshold to define intact hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. J Endocrinol Metab. 2016;6(5):154-157 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jem366w
Negatively charged water clusters: mass spectra of (H2O)n- and (D2O)n- (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNegatively charged water clusters: mass spectra of (H2O)n- and (D2O)n-H. Haberland, H. Langosch, H. G. Schindler, and D. R. WorsnopCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 17, 3903–3904Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150661a042https://doi.org/10.1021/j150661a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views521Altmetric-Citations125LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Divergent effects of fluoroaluminates on the peptide chain elongation factors EF‐Tu and EF‐G as members of the GTPase superfamily (1993)

Fluoraluminates are thought to mimic the gamma-phosphate of GTP and thus, together with GDP, perturb the functioning of heterotrimeric GTP-binding G-proteins. Here we show they do inhibit the ribosome-stimulated GTPase activity of EF-G from Escherichia coli via the formation of a stable complex with EF-G-GDP and ribosomes. In contrast, no perturbed interactions were observed in a similar ribosomal complex with EF-Tu. Interestingly, in the absence of ribosomes both EF-Tu an EF-G remain totally unaffected by fluoraluminates. For members of the GTPase superfamily such differential effects have not been described before.
Synthesis of 10-(hydroxymethyl)-7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 10-(hydroxymethyl)-7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthraceneMelvin S. Newman, Balram Dhawan, and Vinod K. KhannaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 9, 1631–1632Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00359a058https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00359a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views277Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Processing and secretion of insulin-related peptides in an insulinoma cell line (1997)

Certain classes of prohormones and other neuroendocrine or endocrine-derived secretory proteins are post-translationally modified in the secretory storage granules. If such molecules were to be biosynthesized to acceptable quantity and yield using endocrine-derived cell lines, it would be important to understand the relationship between the secretory dynamics and the conversion and release of the immature and mature forms of the molecule. We studied aspects of such a relationship using the endocrine-derived cell line betaTC-3, which synthesizes murine proinsulin, sequesters it into secretory granules, and converts it into mature insulin. In T-flask experiments with confluent cultures of betaTC-3 cells, intracellular and secreted (pro)insulin was sampled before and after episodes of stimulated exocytosis and recharging and quantified by radioimmunoassay and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Under conditions of steady-state secretion in glucose-rich growth medium the cells turned over their (pro)insulin inventory (90 +/- 5% mature insulin) at 2-3% per hour through secretion of (pro)insulin which was less than 70% mature. During an episode of hyperstimulated exocytosis induced by the combined secretagogues carbachol (1 microM) and isobutylmethylxanthine (1 mM), approximately 80% of the intracellular (pro)insulin stores were depleted within 2 h and 84 +/- 4% of the secreted (pro)insulin was in the mature form. Following the discharging episode, exocytosis was suppressed to 10% of its steady-state rate with a treatment which attenuated calcium influx (20 microM verapamil with reduced levels of calcium in the medium). Under this condition the secreted protein was only approximately 50% converted to mature insulin, but 85 +/- 10% of the net (pro)insulin accumulating within the intracellular stores was converted to the mature form. The inverse relationship between rate of secretion and degree of conversion of secreted (pro)insulin is consistent with a previously observed phenomenon of preferential basal secretion from immature secretory granules. This tends to enrich the secreted peptides in immature forms relative to the total intracellular pool. Preferential early secretion can best be overcome by rapid discharging of the long-term and predominantly mature stores. Thus, a cyclic controlled secretion process wherein product is collected during intermittent discharging episodes would provide a better yield of mature product than would steady-state secretion.
Comparison of phosphorylation patterns across eukaryotes by discriminative N-gram analysis (2015)

The discriminative n-grams were able to classify organisms in their corresponding kingdom/phylum, they show different patterns among species of different kingdom/phylum and these regions can contribute to evolutionary divergence as they are in disordered regions that can evolve rapidly. The differences found possibly reflect group-specific differences in the kinomes of the different groups of species.
Swizzle Movement for Biped Walking Robot Having Passive Wheels (2008)

Biped walking is easily adapted to rough terrain such as stairs and stony paths, but speed and energy efficiency on flat surfaces is less effective than wheeled locomotion. We propose new control for swizzling by biped walking robots using inline skates. Swizzling uses friction force generated by regular passive wheel movement. Our proposal is based on the reaction force on the foot, and new reference position is changed based on reaction force not to be large internal force. Through hardware experiments, the effectiveness of the proposed method was confirmed.
Partitioning and Characterization of Tyrosine-Tagged Green Fluorescent Proteins in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (2004)

The green fluorescent protein GFPuv has been genetically engineered to investigate the influence of N-terminal tyrosine extensions in aqueous two-phase systems. Fusions in the N-terminus affected the protein expression, and tags containing three tyrosines and prolines influenced the expression favorably. This effect is probably due to changes in mRNA stability, because the amounts of corresponding mRNAs correlated with the amounts of GFPuv proteins. The partitioning was investigated in two different aqueous two-phase systems, a two-polymer system composed of EO30PO70/dextran and a PEG/salt system with potassium phosphate. Partitioning in the PEG/salt system generally was more favorable than in the EO30PO70/dextran system. Tags with three tyrosines resulted in higher partitioning toward the EO30PO70- and PEG-rich phases, respectively. The effect of adding proline residues to the tag was also investigated, and the partitioning effect of the tag was enhanced when prolines were included in the tags with three tyrosines. The best tyrosine tag, Y3P2, increased the partition coefficient 5 times in the PEG/salt system. Thermoseparation of the EO30PO70 phase allowed recovery of 83% Y3P2-GFPuv protein in a water phase.
Experimental Study on Saturated Flow Boiling Critical Heat Flux in Microchannels (2006)

The saturated flow boiling critical heat flux in microchannels is investigated using water as the working fluid. The experimental test section has six parallel microchannels with each having a cross sectional area of 1054 × 157 micrometers. The mass flow rate, inlet temperature of the working fluids, and the electric current supplied to the resistive cartridge heater are controlled to provide quantitative information near the CHF condition in microchannels. The trends in present CHF with mass flux and quality are similar to those obtained by Qu and Mudawar [1] and earlier investigators.
Template mechanism and kinetics for the complexation of ninhydrin with copper (II) complexes of asparagine and serine (1996)

Ninhydrin has been found to form a 1:1 complex with Cu(II) complexes of asparagine and serine. The kinetics of the complexation reaction has been studied spectrophotometrically in acetate buffer. The effect of the [ninhydrin], pH, and temperature on the reaction rate of the reaction was studied. The reaction follows fractional-order kinetics with respect to ninhydrin and first-order with respect to asparagine-Cu(II) and serine-Cu(II), respectively. The reaction proceeds through the coordination of ninhydrin with the same Cu(II) of asparagine and serine complexes. The results are best accounted by the “Template mechanism” for the inner sphere complexation. The values for the inner sphere complex formation constant were also calculated from the kinetic data. The role of Cu(II) in this reaction is to inhibit the breaking of C(SINGLEBOND)C (evolution of CO2) as well as stabilize the C(DOUBLEBOND)N of Schiff base. On the basis of observed results, probable mechanism has been proposed. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ZnO nanocrystals by chemical route for optical gas sensing (2008)

ZnO nanocrystals were prepared from the decomposition of zinc(II) 2-ethylhexanoate. Soluble nanocrystals with a size ranging from about 5 to 8 nm were obtained. The powders obtained were tested as optical gas sensor based on photoluminescence (PL) variation with NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , ethanol and relative humidity at room temperature (RT). The surface capping of the ZnO nanocrystals was modified by substituting the native dodecylamine capping with phosphorus or sulfur containing ligands, in order to investigate the effect of the surface chemistry onto the sensing properties. The reversible PL variations that we observed at RT are opposite to that reported in literature for ZnO, probably due to surface properties of the powders examined. We demonstrated that PL is increased by interaction with NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> at few ppm concentration and decreased upon interaction with reducing gases like ethanol. Further investigation on luminescence mechanisms and its variation due to NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> are underway to determine the PL variation mechanism.
DataLev: Mid-air Data Physicalisation Using Acoustic Levitation (2023)

Data physicalisation is a technique that encodes data through the geometric and material properties of an artefact, allowing users to engage with data in a more immersive and multi-sensory way. However, current methods of data physicalisation are limited in terms of their reconfigurability and the types of materials that can be used. Acoustophoresis—a method of suspending and manipulating materials using sound waves—offers a promising solution to these challenges. In this paper, we present DataLev, a design space and platform for creating reconfigurable, multimodal data physicalisations with enriched materiality using acoustophoresis. We demonstrate the capabilities of DataLev through eight examples and evaluate its performance in terms of reconfigurability and materiality. Our work offers a new approach to data physicalisation, enabling designers to create more dynamic, engaging, and expressive artefacts.
Fault tolerance of pruned multilayer networks (2002)

Techniques for dynamically reducing the size of a neural network during learning have been found by some investigators to speed up learning convergence and improve network generalization. However, concern arises about the fault sensitivity of the pruned network relative to that of its parent. Work has been done to assess the tolerance of multilayer feedforward networks to the zeroing of individual weights, and to determine if network pruning during learning affects this tolerance. Multilayer networks having a single input and a single output were trained to produce the sine of the input value on the interval (- pi , pi ). Identical networks with identical initial weights were then trained using the skeletonization technique of Mozer and Smolensky (1989). Each weight in these networks was zeroed in turn, and the effect on the RMS approximation error was noted. Surprisingly, the unpruned networks, which had considerably more free parameters, were found to be no more tolerant to weight zeroing than the pruned networks, and maintaining a separate relevance estimate for each node was found to be unnecessary.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Hydrogen-driven dramatically improved mechanical properties of amorphized ITO–Ag–ITO thin films (2021)

An oxide/metal/oxide (OMO) multi-structure, which has good electrical, optical, and mechanical stability, was studied as a potential replacement of polycrystalline In-Sn-O (ITO). However, the degradation of mechanical properties caused by the polycrystalline structure of the top layer forming on the polycrystalline metal layer needs to be improved. To address this issue, we introduced hydrogen in the oxide layers to form a stabilized amorphous oxide structure despite it being deposited on the polycrystalline layer. An ITO/Ag/ITO (IAI) structure was used in this work, and we confirmed that the correct amount of hydrogen introduction can improve mechanical stability without any deterioration in optical and electrical properties. The hydrogen presence in the IAI as intended was confirmed, and the assumption was that the hydrogen suppressed the formation of microcracks on the ITO surface due to low residual stress that came from decreased subgap level defects. This assumption was clearly confirmed with the electrical properties before and after dynamic bending testing. The results imply that we can adjust not only IAI structures with high mechanical stability due to the right amount of hydrogen introduction to make stabilized amorphous oxide but also almost all oxide/metal/oxide structures that contain unintended polycrystalline structures.
Geotechnology for low-permeability gas reservoirs, 1995 (1995)

The permeability, and thus the economics, of tight reservoirs are largely dependent on natural fractures, and on the in situ stresses that both originated fractures and control subsequent fracture permeability. Natural fracture permeability ultimately determines the gas (or oil) producibility from the rock matrix. Therefore, it is desirable to be able to predict, both prior to drilling and during reservoir production, (1) the natural fracture characteristics, (2) the mechanical and transport properties of fractures and the surrounding rock matrix, and (3) the present in situ stress magnitudes and orientations. The combination of activities described in this report extends the earlier work to other Rocky Mountain gas reservoirs. Additionally, it extends the fracture characterizations to attempts of crosswell geophysical fracture detection using shear wave birefringence and to obtaining detailed quantitative models of natural fracture systems for use in improved numerical reservoir simulations. Finally, the project continues collaborative efforts to evaluate and advance cost-effective methods for in situ stress measurements on core.
Percutaneous edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair: 2‐year follow‐up in the first human case (2006)

We report the first-in-human mitral valve repair using percutaneous technology that creates a "surgical-like" edge-to-edge repair. A catheter-delivered clip was introduced transseptally from the femoral vein, advanced through the mitral orifice, retracted to grasp the leaflets, and detached to create a functional double-orifice valve. The patient had an uncomplicated post-procedural course. Echocardiography at 1- and 2-years post procedure showed mild mitral regurgitation and positive ventricular remodeling. The success of this case suggests that percutaneous mitral valve repair may be a feasible therapy for certain patients suffering from mitral regurgitation.