gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of human immunoglobulins G and M antibodies to Rift Valley fever virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (1984)

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an important human and animal pathogen in Africa and has been responsible for infections in travelers. Because of the aerosol infectivity and risk of dissemination of the virus, a need exists for simple, safe, serological tests for diagnosis. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect RVFV-specific immunoglobulins (immunoglobulin G [IgG] and IgM). In the test, a betapropiolactone-inactivated, sucrose-acetone-extracted, suckling mouse liver RVFV antigen was captured by mouse RVFV antibodies adsorbed to polystyrene plates. The test sample (human serum) was then added, and the binding of specific antibodies was indicated by alkaline phosphatase-conjugated swine anti-human IgG or IgM. A mu-capture IgM ELISA was also developed by using polystyrene plates coated with goat anti-human IgM incubated successively with serum sample, RVFV antigen, and indicator antibodies. The ELISA for RVFV-specific IgG proved to be more sensitive than hemagglutination inhibition or complement fixation tests and almost as sensitive as the plaque reduction neutralization test in detecting specific antibodies in human sera after vaccination. The two ELISA IgM tests could detect specific IgM antibodies during the first 6 weeks after RVFV vaccination. Three injections of inactivated vaccine were given on days 0, 6 to 8, and 32 to 34. ELISA IgM values for sera obtained on days 6 to 8 were negative or in the lower range of significance, on days 32 to 34 they were strongly positive, and on days 42 to 52 they were waning. Later sera were negative. The plague reduction neutralization test was negative on days 6 to 8 but rose progressively in later samples. These findings suggest that the three doses of RVFV vaccine induce a prolonged primary antibody response. The ELISA IgM could become an important tool for early diagnosis in acute human infection. A number of African sera, some of which were positive for RVFV by plaque reduction neutralization test, were also tested by ELISA IgG. There was good agreement between both tests.
The Cornering Compliance Concept for Description of Vehicle Directional Control Properties (1976)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The automobile directional control system is not easily simplified and the description of its design or engineering properties has necessarily been complex. In this paper, a concept for combining vehicle design parameters into two terms, and rear cornering compliance, is proposed. Analysis and simulation results are presented to illustrate the correspondence between the front and rear cornering compliance parameters and vehicle steady state and transient responses.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The results indicate that the cornering compliance approach is reasonably accurate, easily understood and complementary to existing directional control theory and conventions.&lt;/div&gt;
Quantitation of Compounds in Wine Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy: Description of the Method and Collaborative Study (2016)

To examine whether NMR analysis is a suitable method for the quantitative determination of wine components, an international collaborative trial was organized to evaluate the method according to the international regulations and guidelines of the German Institute for Standardization/International Organization for Standardization, AOAC INTERNATIONAL, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, and the International Organization of Vine and Wine. Sugars such as glucose; acids such as malic, acetic, fumaric, and shikimic acids (the latter two as minor components); and sorbic acid, a preservative, were selected for the exemplary quantitative determination of substances in wine. Selection criteria for the examination of sample material included different NMR spectral signal types (singlet and multiplet), as well as the suitability of the proposed substances for manual integration at different levels of challenge (e.g., interference as a result of the necessary suppression of a water signal or the coverage of different typical wine concentration ranges for a selection of major components, minor components, and additives). To show that this method can be universally applied, NMR measurement and the method of evaluation were not strictly elucidated. Fifteen international laboratories participated in the collaborative trial and determined six parameters in 10 samples. The values, in particular the reproducibility SD (SR), were compared with the expected Horwitz SD (SH) by forming the quotient SR/SH (i.e., the HorRat value). The resulting HorRat values of most parameters were predominantly between 0.6 and 1.5, and thus of an acceptable range.
Storage Water Activity Effect on Oxidation and Sensory Properties of High‐Oleic Peanuts (2002)

Peanuts were stored under different water activities and maintained using saturated salt solutions, for 14 wks. Peroxide values, percent moisture, and sensory attributes were determined at 2 wk intervals. Peroxide values increased over time for all treatments. The highest oxidation values were observed in the peanuts held under 0.67 water activity, followed by 0.12, 0.52, 0.44 and 0.33, respectively. Moisture increased over time for all samples and correlated with the water activity of storage. Roast peanut flavor decreased with time and the decrease was greater at higher a w of storage.
High fat induced insulin resistance: the emerging role of hepatokines (2013)

Introduction: A link between serum hepatokine levels (proteins produced by the liver and acting distantly) and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes has been recently suggested. Here, we wanted to explore the liver expression of several hepatokines at the initiation of a high fat diet in mice, as well as their relation with liver macrophage (Kupffer cell) activation. Material and methods: Male mice of 5 weeks of age were fed a normal diet (ND) or a high fat diet (HFD) for 3 days, known to induce steatosis and insulin resistance. A preventive Kupffer cell (KC) depletion was obtained by intravenous injection of clodronate loaded liposomes and compared with PBS liposomes. The mRNA expression of hepatokines (selenoprotein-P, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor 21, angiopoietin-like protein 3) was evaluated by RT-PCR on liver tissue. Results: Short term HFD induced steatosis, KC activation and insulin resistance with a significant increased expression of selenoprotein P (1.6 fold, p&lt;0.001), fetuin-A (1.7 fold, p&lt;0.01) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (9 fold, p&lt;0.01). However, the liver expression of angiopoietin-like protein 3 remains unchanged under short term HFD. Kupffer cell depletion in this setting did not reduce hepatic steatosis but significantly ameliorated insulin sensitivity proved by clamp studies. This amelioration in insulin sensitivity in KC-depleted mice was associated with a significant decrease in fetuin A mRNA expression (0.7 fold, p&lt;0.001) compared to animals with KC. Interestingly, while selectively depleting liver macrophages without affecting adipose tissue macrophage infiltration, intravenous clodronate injection was associated with a significant reduction in epididymal adipose tissue expansion compared to PBS injection (1.1% of body weight versus 1.6% of body weight, p&lt;0.001), suggesting a role of liver-derived products in peripheral tissue alterations associated with obesity. Conclusions: We demonstrate liver hepatokine overexpression at the initiation of HFD feeding, concurrent with hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. Targeting KC in this setting improved insulin sensitivity and was associated with a decreased adiposity and a reduced liver fetuin A expression. The impact of this hepatokine on adipose tissue metabolism needs to be confirmed and the search for pathogenic liver-derived factors in obesity associated disorders intensified.
Septic neonate rescued by polymyxin B hemoperfusion (2013)

Sepsis caused by group B streptococcus has been well controlled with aminobenzylpenicillin, but the incidence of Escherichia coli sepsis has increased in proportion. E. coli is a Gram-negative bacillus associated with poor prognosis due to the release of endotoxins. Conventional treatment with antibiotics alone may not be sufficient because the inflammatory response exacerbates the unstable hemodynamic status. Polymyxin B hemoperfusion has been established as a treatment option for septic shock in adults. Polymyxin B hemoperfusion adsorbs endotoxins and cannabinoids such as anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol. Reported herein is a case of severe septic shock induced by E. coli. The concomitant use of polymyxin B hemoperfusion rapidly reduced the requirement for catecholamines and the patient was discharged without short-term neurological or respiratory sequelae. It is suggested that polymyxin B hemoperfusion might be an innovative therapy for severe sepsis, and could improve outcome.
Dark propagation modes in optical lattices (2002)

We examine the stimulated light scattering onto the propagation modes of a dissipative optical lattice. We show that two different pump-probe configurations may lead to the excitation, via different mechanisms, of the same mode. We found that in one configuration the scattering on the propagation mode results in a resonance in the probe transmission spectrum while in the other configuration no modification of the scattering spectrum occurs, i.e., the mode is dark. A theoretical explanation of this behavior is provided.
Cancer registries: their interest and practical problems. (1983)

Cancer registries record all new cases of cancer within the population they survey. Thus they provide accurate regional measurements of cancer morbidity and mortality and their geographical distribution. This form of epidemiology allows the study of regional variations and alterations with the passage of time. It also allows the study of environmental factors that might cause cancer. The work of the French regional cancer registries is described to illustrate these points. The problems of running a cancer registry are also set out and suggestions are made for future organization. The statistics gathered by such registries indicate possible methods for the early detection and treatment of some cancers and provide evidence of the long-term effects of all kinds of therapy. The socio-economic aspects of cancer can also be measured by the registry, thus providing valuable data for use in the planning of health care in any community.
Defective cathepsin Z affects EGFR expression and causes autosomal dominant palmoplantar keratoderma (2023)

Taken collectively, these observations attribute to cathepsin Z a hitherto unrecognized function in epidermal differentiation.
Investigation of Different Iontophoretic Currents Profiles for Short-Term Applications in Cosmetics (2018)

This study aimed at investigating the effect of electrical current profile upon the iontophoretic transport of (i) ascorbic acid (AA) and (ii) ellagic acid (EA), into porcine skin in vitro, and the impact of the physicochemical properties of both actives on their mechanism of transport when formulated in cosmetic compositions. The experiments were performed using a proprietary iontophoretic device containing a roller to apply the formulation. Three current profiles were tested: (i) galvanic direct current (DC), (ii) square unipolar pulse current (SPC), and (iii) galvanic direct current (DC) + pulse current (PC). The skin samples were collected at different sampling points, extracted and analyzed by HPLC. Results suggested that the DC + PC mode for only 5 min was able to significantly increase the delivery of AA from o/w cosmetic compositions. The use of this current profile might improve the skin penetration of AA due to electromigration and passive diffusion, the latter being facilitated by the physical enhancement method. The SPC mode significantly improved the passage of EA in its neutral form from cosmetic o/w formulations by electroosmosis. Tailoring specific electrical current modes considering the ionization state of active ingredients would allow the design of short and personalized cosmetic treatments that significantly improve the penetration efficiency of the active ingredients and possibly reduce the doses applied.
ChemInform Abstract: A Very Mild and Quantitative Oxidation of Cephalosporins with Dimethyldioxirane. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Identification of the HSV-1 genome by "Dot Blot hybridization" in the geniculate ganglion of rabbits. (1997)

Herpes simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) was inoculated into 48 rabbits by 3 different routes: 10 rabbits were dosed by mouth, 18 rabbits injected in the tongue and 14 injected in the perineurium of the facial nerve at its entrance into the stylomastoid foramen. Some of the animals were killed after a week and others after three weeks. Facial palsy was produced in none of the cases. Seroconversion was demonstrated in the peripheral blood of 100% of the inoculated animals. Cultures of macerate of the facial nerve and geniculate ganglion, as well as of the ipsilateral medulla, were negative. DNA from HSV-1 was found by "Dot Blot hybridization" technique in 30% of the macerates of the geniculate ganglion and facial nerve and in 60% of the medulla macerate in those animals killed after one week and in 0% of both samples in those killed in the third week. The fact that the HSV-1 could be isolated in the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve continues to support the possibility of this virus as the causal agent for facial palsy, either as a single disease or associated with other symptoms.
Pre-Scheduled Resources for Retransmissions in Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (2017)

The fifth generation (5G) cellular network demands new solutions to meet, in an efficient way, the stringent targets for ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC), such as 1-10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> reliability within 1 ms. In a wireless system, the control signaling of the scheduling process is also a source of errors and delays. Semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) is an option to reduce the signaling, leading to lower latency and improved transmission reliability. However, conventional SPS still applies grant signaling to schedule the retransmission. In this work it is proposed an alternative scheme in which a group of users shares a pre-scheduled resource for retransmission. The benefit is that it provides a retransmission opportunity without needing a scheduling control information. Besides that, if the pre-scheduled resource can not be reallocated, the sharing mechanism avoids excessive capacity loss. It is demonstrated through a simple analytical model that, for right grouping sizes and initial transmission error rates, the target error probability e.g. 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> can be achieved. It is also shown that the suggested scheme can provide improved resource efficiency compared to a single conservative transmission which also avoids re- scheduling.
Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects: Past History and Future Directions (2001)

There has been a recent upsurge of interest in the phenomenon now known as radiation-induced bystander effects. This is largely due to the increased awareness of the contribution of indirect and delayed effects, such as genomic instability, to cellular outcomes after low-dose exposures. It is also due to the availability of tools such as the microbeam and advanced cell culture systems and to the ability to study end points such as gene or protein expression at low doses which were previously difficult to study. This review looks at the history of bystander effects in the earlier literature, in which the clastogenic effect of plasma from irradiated patients was well known. The effect was known to persist for several years and to cause transgenerational effects, making it similar to what we now call genomic instability. The review then examines the current data and controversies which are now beginning to resolve the questions concerning the mechanisms underlying the induction and transmission of both bystander effects and genomic instability. Finally, the possible impact of data concerning radiation-induced bystander effects on radiotherapy and radiation protection is discussed.
RARE AND THREATENED PLANTS OF NIMAR REGION, MADHYA PRADESH (2014)

Nimar region is located in south western part of Madhya Pradesh covering four districts namely West Nimar (Khargone), East Nimar (Khandwa), Burhanpur and Barwani. Plant survey was in the Nimar region from 2008- 2013 in order to assess the current status of threatened plants in Nimar region of Madhya Pradesh. Present study reports 94 RET plants distributing in 45 Families of which 25 are Vulnerable, 40 are endangered, 18 are critically endangered, and 11 are near threatened. Main reasons responsible for shrinking of the population are over grazing, plugging old grassland, clearing of forest for agriculture, megaprojects and eruption of plants for fire wood, felling of trees for leaf collection, Pollution, and failure of Pollination. This situation may further deteriorate if appropriate conservation techniques would not be applied.
The spread of Rift Valley fever and approaches to its control. (1982)

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is primarily a disease of sheep, cattle, other domestic animals, and man; it was believed to be relatively benign for man until 1977 when it spread to Egypt. There it caused enormous losses of sheep and cattle, and thousands of human cases occurred, with nearly 600 reported deaths. Although mosquitos are known to transmit RVF virus in epizootics and epidemics, the reservoir and means of inter-epizootic maintenance are not known. RVF epizootics can be recognized by a combination of observations: abortions and neonatal death in sheep and cattle at times when mosquitos are abundant, accompanied by cases of fever in man, which are complicated in a minority of patients by haemorrhagic fever, encephalitis, and retinitis with blindness. Vaccination of livestock with available killed or live attenuated vaccines should prevent transmission to both human subjects and animals. Although routine quarantine of animals is not deemed a practical measure, movement of animals should be restricted when an epizootic is in progress. Since it is possible that RVF may spread from Africa in the future, serological surveillance in man and animals is recommended in potentially receptive countries of the Mediterranean Basin and South-West Asia to establish baseline data and to familiarize staff with the methods of RVF diagnosis.
Profit oriented multichannel resource management for integrated Internet and DVB-T network (2005)

Digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T) is an ideal carrier for services requiring both high data rate and high mobility. Combined with other media as a return channel for user requests and acknowledgement signaling, DVB-T can supply interactive data services. With the exploitation of all available DVB channels, huge Internet access bandwidth can be provided, and it can be a highly recommendable candidate of future 4G/5G communications. In order to fully employ all channels, the profit oriented bandwidth allocation method (POBAM) with linear complexity is given for real-time joint channel bandwidth management. Simulation results powerfully show that POBAM can effectively exploit the multichannel resources for near global maximization of profit, and can effectively provide QoS differentiation. Besides, the joint channel bandwidth management outperforms the separate channel bandwidth management greatly. The complexity of POBAM is low enough for real time multichannel bandwidth management even when there're dozens of joint channels and hundreds of active users.
Entropy and Polarity Control the Partition and Transportation of Drug-like Molecules in Biological Membrane (2017)

Partition and transportation of drug in the plasma membrane of a mammalian cell are the prerequisite for its function on target protein. Therefore, comprehensive understanding of the physicochemical properties and mechanism behind these complex phenomena is crucial in pharmaceutical research. By using the state-of-art molecular simulations with polarization effect implicitly or explicitly included, we studied the permeation behavior of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), a broad-spectrum modulator for a number of membrane proteins. We showed that the protonation state and therefore the polarity of the drug is critical for its partition, and that the drug is likely to switch between different protonation states along its permeation pathway. By changing the degrees of freedom, protonation further affects the thermodynamic of the permeation pathway of 2-APB, leading to different entropic contributions. A survey on 54 analog structures with similar backbone to 2-APB showed that delicate balance between entropy and polarity plays an important role in drugs' potency.
Bipolar Pulse Transmission with Zero Extraction (1969)

A family of pulse transmission plans, suitable for wire pair or coaxial repeatered lines is described. In these plans alternate pulses are inverted before transmission, and blocks of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> successive spaces are replaced by distinctive patterns. The resulting pulse stream has no dc component and a minimum pulse density of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/n</tex> . Limitations on <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> are derived and examples given. Spectral densities are calculated and a typical circuit realization is shown.
Exact evaluation of the transmitted amplitude for a Fabry-Perot interferometer with surface defects (1986)

An exact easy-to-compute formula has been derived for the transmitted amplitude of a Fabry-Perot interferometer for various surface irregularities. Some results for various surface defects obtained with this have been compared with the results of a Monte Carlo calculation which simply calculates the transmitted intensity as an incoherent sum from a distribution of elemental interferometers. Out of three possible defect distributions, namely, a random distribution of surface defects, a small curvature, and a small inclination, the random distribution is found to affect the line shape in a more severe way.