gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A qPCR-Based Tool to Diagnose the Presence of Harmful Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins in Drinking Water Sources (2017)

Harmful cyanobacteria have been an important concern for drinking water quality for quite some time, as they may produce cyanotoxins and odorants. <i>Microcystis</i> and <i>Cylindrospermopsis</i> are two common harmful cyanobacterial genera detected in freshwater lakes and reservoirs, with microcystins (MCs) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) as their important metabolites, respectively. In this study, two sets of duplex qPCR systems were developed, one for quantifying potentially-toxigenic <i>Microcystis</i> and <i>Microcystis</i>, and the other one for cylindrospermopsin-producing cyanobacteria and <i>Cylindrospermopsis</i>. The duplex qPCR systems were developed and validated in the laboratory by using 338 samples collected from 29 reservoirs in Taiwan and her offshore islands. Results show that cell numbers of <i>Microcystis</i> and <i>Cylindorspermopsis</i> enumerated with microscopy, and MCs and CYN concentrations measured with the enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay method, correlated well with their corresponding gene copies determined with the qPCR systems (range of coefficients of determination R² = 0.392-0.740). The developed qPCR approach may serve as a useful tool for the water industry to diagnose the presence of harmful cyanobacteria and the potential presence of cyanotoxins in source waters.
Abstract 16998: Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic Dyssynchrony and Their Relationship with Ventricular Function in Patients with Single Ventricular Circulation (2011)

BACKGROUND: Recent studies highlighted importance of ventricular diastolic dyssynchrony as well as systolic dyssynchrony in the pathophysiology of adult heart failure. However, little is known about interaction between diastolic and systolic dyssynchrony and their impacts on ventricular function in pediatric patients with single ventricular circulation. METHODS: We studied 24 pediatric patients (mean age; 2.1±1.3 years) with single ventricular circulation and 12 age-matched control subjects. Transthoracic two-demensional speckle tracking echocardiography (Vivid 7, GE) was performed to assess ventricular dyssynchrony (EchoPac workstation, GE). Systolic and diastolic dyssynchrony was measured as a maximal time delay in peak systolic and early diastolic velocities of longitudinal strain at four segments. Comprehensive ventricular systolic and diastolic function was assessed by employing pressure-area relationships during preload varied by transient inferior vena caval balloon obstruction. RESULTS: Systolic and diastolic time delay were 31.8±14.5 ms and 29.2±14.6 ms respectively in single ventricular patients, and were significantly larger than in the controls (16.2±11.9 ms for systolic and 15.8±11.2 ms for diastolic, both p&lt;0.01). There was no significant correlation between systolic and diastolic dyssynchrony in the patient group. Systolic dyssynchrony was negatively correlated with ventricular contractility indexes of end-systolic elastance (r=0.34, p&lt;0.05) and maximum rate of pressure rise (r=0.585, p&lt;0.05). Diastolic dyssynchrony was positively correlated with end-diastolic pressure (r=0.719, p&lt;0.05), but not with time constant of ventricular relaxation. CONCLUSIONS: Not only systolic but also diastolic dyssynchrony has important impacts on ventricular function in patients with single ventricular circulation. These data suggest important notion that diastolic as well as systolic dyssynchrony is an important therapeutic target when considering cardiac resynchronization therapy for patients with single ventricular circulation.
CCDC 1056509: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2015)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
C/EBPδ regulates cell cycle and self-renewal of human limbal stem cells (2007)

Human limbal stem cells produce transit amplifying progenitors that migrate centripetally to regenerate the corneal epithelium. Coexpression of CCAAT enhancer binding protein delta (C/EBPdelta), Bmi1, and DeltaNp63alpha identifies mitotically quiescent limbal stem cells, which generate holoclones in culture. Upon corneal injury, a fraction of these cells switches off C/EBPdelta and Bmi1, proliferates, and differentiates into mature corneal cells. Forced expression of C/EBPdelta inhibits the growth of limbal colonies and increases the cell cycle length of primary limbal cells through the activity of p27(Kip1) and p57(Kip2). These effects are reversible; do not alter the limbal cell proliferative capacity; and are not due to apoptosis, senescence, or differentiation. C/EBPdelta, but not DeltaNp63alpha, indefinitely promotes holoclone self-renewal and prevents clonal evolution, suggesting that self-renewal and proliferation are distinct, albeit related, processes in limbal stem cells. C/EBPdelta is recruited to the chromatin of positively (p27(Kip1) and p57(Kip2)) and negatively (p16(INK4A) and involucrin) regulated gene loci, suggesting a direct role of this transcription factor in determining limbal stem cell identity.
High-Mobility Transport Anisotropy in Few-Layer MoO3 and Its Origin (2016)

The novel two-dimensional semiconductors with high carrier mobility and excellent stability are essential to the next-generation high-speed and low-power nanoelectronic devices. Because of the natural abundance, intrinsic gap, and chemical stability, metal oxides were also recently suggested as potential candidates for electronic materials. However, their carrier mobilities are typically on the order of tens of square centimeters per volt per second, much lower than that for commonly used silicon. By using first-principles calculations and deformation potential theory, we have predicted few-layer MoO<sub>3</sub> as chemically stable wide-band-gap semiconductors with a considerably high acoustic-phonon-limited carrier mobility above 3000 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, which makes them promising candidates for both electron- and hole-transport applications. Moreover, we also find a large in-plane anisotropy of the carrier mobility with a ratio of about 20-30 in this unusual system. Further analysis indicates that, because of the unique charge density distribution of whole valence electrons and the states near the band edge, both the elastic modulus and deformation potential are strongly directionally dependent. Also, the predicted high-mobility transport anisotropy of few-layer MoO<sub>3</sub> can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the anisotropy of the elastic modulus and deformation potential. Our results not only give an insightful understanding for the high carrier mobility observed in few-layer MoO<sub>3</sub> systems but also reveal the importance of the carrier-transport direction to the device performance.
Fast Capture—Recapture Approach for Mitigating the Problem of Missing RFID Tags (2011)

The technology of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) enables many applications that rely on passive, battery-less wireless devices. If a RFID reader needs to gather the ID from multiple tags in its range, then it needs to run an anticollision protocol. Due to errors on the wireless link, a single reader session, which contains one full execution of the anticollision protocol, may not be sufficient to retrieve the ID of all tags. This problem can be mitigated by running multiple, redundant reader sessions and use the statistical relationship between these sessions. On the other hand, each session is time consuming and therefore the number of sessions should be kept minimal. We optimize the process of running multiple reader sessions, by allowing only some of the tags already discovered to reply in subsequent reader sessions. The estimation procedure is integrated with an actual tree-based anticollision protocol, and numerical results show that the reliable tag resolution algorithm attain high speed of protocol execution, while not sacrificing the reliability of the estimators used to assess the probability of missing tags.
Fractional Calculus: Models and Numerical Methods (2016)

Survey of Numerical Methods to Solve Ordinary and Partial Fractional Differential Equations Specific and Efficient Methods to Solve Ordinary and Partial Fractional Differential Equations Fractional Variational Principles Continuous-Time Random Walks (CTRWs) Applications to Finance and Economics Generalized Stirling Numbers of First and Second Kind in the Framework of Fractional Calculus.
Novel measurement method for air-data system based on strip sensors: experimental results (2005)

We report the first experiments performed in a wind tunnel to validate a novel measurement equipment, meant to be used in the air-data system of small aircrafts. The apparatus does not rely on conventional probes, but takes advantage of capacitive, strip pressure sensors that enable a survey of the pressure gradients on portions of the aircraft surfaces. Sensors are built by printed circuit board (PCB) technologies as conformable film-like structures that can be directly applied on the aircraft skin. They can read gradients thanks to the many elementary units present in each strip. The measurement equipment employs pressure-gradient information to indirectly infer the aircraft air speed and angle of attack. In the experiments, measurements are taken in a wind tunnel using a NACAOO15 model airfoil hosting a single sensor and results confirm the ability of the system to correctly detect the target quantities
Data from Overcoming PD-1 Blockade Resistance with CpG-A Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonist Vidutolimod in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Patients with advanced melanoma that is resistant to PD-1 blockade therapy have limited treatment options. Vidutolimod (formerly CMP-001), a virus-like particle containing a CpG-A Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist, may reverse PD-1 blockade resistance by triggering a strong IFN response to induce and attract antitumor T cells. In the dose-escalation part of this phase Ib study, vidutolimod was administered intratumorally at escalating doses with intravenous pembrolizumab to 44 patients with advanced melanoma who had progressive disease or stable disease on prior anti–PD-1 therapy. The combination of vidutolimod and pembrolizumab had a manageable safety profile, and durable responses were observed in 25% of patients, with tumor regression in both injected and noninjected lesions, including visceral lesions. Patients who responded to vidutolimod and pembrolizumab had noninflamed tumors at baseline and induction of an IFNγ gene signature following treatment, as well as increased systemic expression of the IFN-inducible chemokine CXCL10.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;In this phase Ib study in patients with advanced melanoma, intratumoral TLR9 agonist vidutolimod in combination with pembrolizumab had a manageable safety profile and showed promising clinical activity, supporting the further clinical development of vidutolimod to overcome PD-1 blockade resistance through induction of an IFN response.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="https://aacrjournals.org/cancerdiscovery/article/doi/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-1226" target="_blank"&gt;See related commentary by Sullivan, p. 2960&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="https://aacrjournals.org/cancerdiscovery/article/doi/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-11-12-ITI" target="_blank"&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2945&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Strain Balanced Epitaxial Stacks of Quantum Dots and Quantum Posts (2011)

Abstract The self assembly of quantum dots by heteroepitaxy of lattice‐mismatched semiconductors is based on elastic energy relaxation, which spontaneously occurs at the growth front when the largest atoms in the crystal cluster together. Because a larger covalent radius is related to weaker bonds, and this is in turn fundamentally related to smaller bandgaps, the formation of quantum dots leads to a confinement potential for electrons and/or holes. This effect has applications ranging from ultralow threshold diode lasers to highly efficient solar cells and usually requires the stacking of multiple quantum dots. The number of layers is limited by the stress accumulated during growth due to the larger covalent radius of the atoms that constitute the quantum dots. This accumulated stress can be relieved by introducing in the epitaxial layers compensating atomic species with a smaller covalent radius, enabling a reduction of spacer layer thickness. In the limit of sub‐nanometer spacer thickness, the quantum dots, which have a tendency to line up vertically, fuse into a quantum post. The current efforts to optimize the properties of strain balanced quantum dot stacks and quantum posts are reviewed.
Prevention of breast cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis by antiestrogen tamoxifen alone or in combination with urokinase inhibitor B-428. (1997)

Urokinase (urokinase plasminogen activator, uPA) and its cell surface receptor (uPA receptor, uPAR) play an important role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes requiring cell migration and tissue remodeling. Using our syngeneic model of uPAR overexpression by the rat breast cancer cell line Mat B-III, we have examined the ability of the nonsteroidal antiestrogen, tamoxifen (TAM), and of a selective synthetic inhibitor of uPA, 4-iodo benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamidine (B-428), to inhibit expression of uPA and uPAR as well as cell growth, invasion, and metastasis of wild-type Mat B-III cells and of cells overexpressing uPAR (Mat B-III-uPAR). Both TAM and B-428 inhibited uPAR gene transcription, mRNA expression, protein production and also decreased the proliferative and invasive capacity of Mat B-III and Mat B-III-uPAR. The effects of TAM and B-428 were more pronounced when these agents were tested in combination. Both control and experimental cells (1 x 10(6) cells) were inoculated orthotopically into the mammary fat pad of syngeneic female Fisher rats, and animals were infused i.p. with either TAM and B-428 alone or in combination for 2 weeks. Control animals receiving vehicle alone developed large tumors and macroscopic metastases to lungs, liver, and lymph nodes. In contrast to this, experimental animals receiving TAM and B-428 showed a significant decrease in primary tumor volume and metastases. Combination therapy had especially marked effects in blocking progression of the primary tumor in experimental animals inoculated with highly aggressive Mat B-III-uPAR cells. These results underscore the utility of anti-proteolytic agents (B-428) in addition to standard hormone therapy (TAM) in advanced breast cancer patients where the uPA/uPAR system plays a key role in tumor progression.
Hierarchical control structures for multi-cell flexible assembly system co-ordination (2005)

Recently, there has been substantial interest in multi-stage, multi-cell Flexible Assembly Systems for Electronic (Printed Circuit Board) Assembly. Previous work (Akella et.al 1984: Gershwin et.al. 1985; Akella and Kumar, 1986) has concerned real-time dispatch in single cells. There has also been related work on design and production allocation in multi-cell systems by Yao and Shanthikumar (1985, 1986). Here, we formulate and compute approximate solutions to a generic multi-cell, failure prone system with a hierarchical control system.
Hydrostatic Asymmetric Journal Gas Barings for Seismic ACROSS Transmitters -Improvement of Safety Operation by Supply Gas Pressure Control under the Rotational Frequency Modulation-* (2007)

The ACROSS ( Accurately Controlled Routinely Operated Signal System ) is used to detect subtle changes in the physical state of Earth's structure. The signal is sinusoidal elastic waves generated by the rotation of a rotor with eccentric mass set in ACROSS transmitters. In currently working transmitters, since the rotor is supported by rolling contact bearings, bearing losses are so large that the cooling, lubrication management and bearing life become serious problems. To solve these problems, hydrostatic asymmetric journal gas bearings have been proposed to support the eccentric mass rotors. This paper describes the experimental investigation of rotational characteristics of proposed hydrostatic asymmetric journal gas bearings. It is verified that the rotor amplitude in the journal bearings can be zero at a certain rotational frequency by using trial test rig. In order to decrease the gas consumption and increase more safely operation, test of rotational frequency modulation using electro-pneumatic pressure regulator was carried out. In fixed supply pressure condition, rotor amplitude largely changes in accordance with change of rotational frequency. In controlled supply pressure condition, the rotor amplitude decrease under the operation and the gas consumption also largely decreased.
Anomalous voltage dependence of tunnelling microscopy in WSe2 (1988)

SUMMARY We present scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) investigations of the layered semiconductor WSe 2 . The tunnelling experiments were performed in air and under silicone oil with markedly different results. In air, atomic resolution images of the hexagonally structured surface could be obtained for sample‐to‐tip voltages of both negative and positive polarities, from −1·5 to −0·3 V for negative sample and from +0·6 to +1·6 V for positive sample, respectively. Under silicone oil, however, good atomic images could be seen for negative sample biases down to at least −14 V, while for positive sample biases no difference with respect to the tunnelling in air was found.
ChemInform Abstract: RED. AROMATISCHER NITROVERBINDUNGEN MIT NATRIUMBORHYDRID IN DIMETHYLSULFOXID ODER SULFOLAN, SYNTH. VON AZO‐ ODER AZOXY‐VERBINDUNGEN (1971)

Abstract Aromatische Nitro‐Verbindungen (I) werden in protonenfreien, polaren Medien wie Dimethylsulfoxid oder Sulfolan durch Natriumboranat zu den Azoxy‐Verbindungen (II) und weiter zu Azo‐Verbindungen (III) und Aminen (IV) reduziert.
Melatonin Beyond Its Classical Functions (2008)

The perception of melatonin as a mediator of darkness, formed in a circadian fashion, circulating in subnanomolar concentrations, and removed as 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, reflects only a sector within a spectrum of actions. This ubiquitous compound present in bacteria and eucaryotes is exceptionally pleiotropic, in terms of binding proteins, receptor distribution, G protein coupling, electron-exchange reactions, and secondary effects by metabolites, such as 5methoxytryptamine and methoxylated kynuramines. Membrane receptors are located, e.g., in the vertebrate suprachiasmatic nucleus, pars tuberalis, brain, vasculature, and leukocytes. Binding proteins include quinone reductase 2, ROR/RZR transcription factors, calmodulin, calreticulin, nuclear and mitochondrial proteins. Actions via hormonal subsystems, growth factors, neurotransmission and immune system lead to further secondary effects. Single-electron transfer reactions are basis of radical scavenging, non-enzymatic metabolism and interactions with electron transport systems. The metabolite, N 1 -acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine, is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis and of neuronal NO synthase, an NO scavenger and a mitochondrial modulator.
Feature Selection Tutorial with Python Examples (2021)

In Machine Learning, feature selection entails selecting a subset of the available features in a dataset to use for model development. There are many motivations for feature selection, it may result in better models, it may provide insight into the data and it may deliver economies in data gathering or data processing. For these reasons feature selection has received a lot of attention in data analytics research. In this paper we provide an overview of the main methods and present practical examples with Python implementations. While the main focus is on supervised feature selection techniques, we also cover some feature transformation methods.
Interferon-Induced Modulation of Epidermal Growth Factor-Stimulated Growth of a Human Breast Tumor Cell Line (1991)

We have determined that interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and IFN-gamma inhibit the growth of a human breast tumor cell line, S4, in vitro. Cells were more sensitive to the antiproliferative effects of low-dose IFN-gamma than IFN-alpha. As the growth of the S4 cell line is enhanced by epidermal growth factor (EGF), we examined the effect of IFN on EGF-dependent growth of S4 cells. Cells plated in 2.5% serum alone failed to grow. EGF stimulated these cells to grow more than twofold. IFN substantially attenuated the EGF-stimulated growth of S4 cells. Binding of EGF to its receptor was unaffected by pretreatment of cells with IFN-alpha. However, a 24-h exposure of cells to IFN-gamma significantly increased the number of EGF receptors on S4 cells. Internalization of the EGF receptor was unaffected by IFN treatment. Binding remained elevated through 4 days of IFN-gamma exposure. Scatchard analysis of receptor binding data revealed that IFN-gamma increased the number of binding sites without changing the affinity of the receptor for its ligand. These results demonstrate that IFN inhibits EGF-stimulated growth of a breast tumor cell line and suggest that the antiproliferative effect of IFN may be due, in part, to its interaction with growth factor-initiated pathways.
The basics of crystallography and diffraction (2015)

This fourth edition has been considerably extended from the first edition that was published in 1997. For example, the original chapter including both X-ray and electron diffraction, which was foll...
High transport and excellent optical property of a two-dimensional single-layered hybrid perovskite (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4: a theoretical study (2018)

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are developed to pursue high charge carrier mobility and light absorption coefficient. In this study, we present a detailed comparative research of the atomic and electronic structures of single-layered perovskites (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 with two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) spatial arrangement to predict the in plane charge carrier mobility along with the charge effective mass, elastic constant, and deformation potential. The calculated results reveal that the intrinsic in plane carrier mobilities of 2D single-layered hybrid perovskite (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 along the 100 and 010 directions are superior to those of the 3D structure. Furthermore, the optical properties are calculated from the electronic structure; it is found that the light absorption spectrum of 2D single-layered perovskite (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 with a high absorption coefficient is wider than that of the 3D phase. We speculate that the superior mobility and wider absorption spectrum of the 2D mono-layered perovskite are due to high charge density and ferroelectricity originating from structure distortion upon 3D-to-2D structure transformation. These results indicate that the 2D single-layered hybrid perovskite (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 is a potential candidate for application in the optoelectronic and photovoltaic fields.