gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Population-based study of fecal shedding of Clostridium perfringens in broodmares and foals (2002)

Clostridium perfringens was identified from the feces of all but 6 foals by 3 days of age and is likely part of the normal microflora of neonatal foals. Most isolates from broodmares and foals are C. perfringens type A; thus, the clinical relevance of culture results alone is questionable. Clostridium perfringens type C, which has been associated with neonatal enterocolitis, is rarely found in the feces of horses.
Synthesis of Substituted Tetrahydrofuran by Electrophile-Induced Cyclization of 4-Pentene-1,2,3-triols − An Example of 5-exo versus 5-endo Cyclization Governed by the Electrophile (2001)

Differently protected 4-pentene-1,2,3-triols 5−8 were obtained from glyceraldehyde and submitted to iodine-based electrophile-induced cyclization to give tetrahydrofuran derivatives 10 and 18, with high chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity, through a 5-exo cyclization process. However, when an electrophilic selenium reagent was treated with similar alkene triols 5, 7, and 8, the product depended on the protecting group at the primary hydroxy moiety. Thus, while compounds 5a and 5b, unprotected at the primary hydroxy group, give compounds 26 and 27, and 32 and 33, respectively, through a 5-exo cyclization process, compounds 7 and 8, protected at the primary hydroxy group, give the 5-endo cyclization products 22−25 and 28−31 in good yields. The electrophile-induced cyclization of 4-pentene-1,2,3-triols to give tetrahydrofuran derivatives can be directed towards a 5-exo process by the use of iodine or, when the primary hydroxy group is unprotected, selenium. When the primary hydroxy group is protected, use of selenium results in 5-endo cyclization.
An isolated high-voltage DC-to-DC converter with fast turn-off capability for X-ray tube gridding (2002)

X-ray tube gridding requires that a high-voltage, in the range of a few kilovolts, be applied and removed very quickly while the lengths of the voltage on- and off-periods are measured in tens of milliseconds. The application requires high-voltage isolation, as the gridding circuit is referenced to the cathode potential, and requires minimal circuit power dissipation, due to cooling limitations in the environment in which this converter is operated. The main challenge, however, is how to turn off the converter and discharge the output capacitor within the required time of approximately 100 /spl mu/s. The proposed converter provides these features and has a higher reliability, better performance, and lower cost than other known solutions. (The disclosed circuit has been protected by several patents and filed disclosures.) It employs the conventional forward topology, with peak-forward energy transfer. To achieve fast turn-off, a novel crowbar arrangement has been implemented that is controlled via the isolation transformer used for energy transfer. This paper describes the application requirements, the proposed circuit arrangement and its operation, and provides detailed circuit analysis, design guidelines, and experimental results.
Hydrometallurgical and combined technologies fast reactor MNUP and MOX UNF reprocessing (2020)

Abstract Russian Federation is developing the key technologies for closed nuclear fuel cycle with FR used mixed uranium-plutonium nitride or oxide (MOX) fuel within the framework of the project “Proryv”. This is a new integrated comprehensive product for nuclear power, which provides in the future - no accumulation of spent nuclear fuel; - radioactive waste management based on the principles of radiation-equivalent disposal; - technological support for the non-proliferation treaty; - competitiveness with other large-scale power technologies. The experimental and demonstration energy complex is under construction now on the site of Siberian Chemical Combine for the industrial development of the closed nuclear fuel cycle. ODEC will include a fast reactor BREST-OD-300 with lead coolant, facility for fabricating/refabrication of nitride fuel and the spent nuclear fuel processing facility. Up today, the key technology elements were demonstrated using macro quantities U, Pu, Np, irradiated mixed nitride fuel and real high-level waste. Within the framework of the project “Proryv” a prototype of the fuel cycle of fast reactors is developing.
Intraocular Inflammatory Disease (Uveitis) and the Use of Oral Tolerance. (1996)

Intraocular inflammatory disease, or uveitis, is a disorder that mostly affects children and young adults. It is the cause of about 10% of the severe visual handicap in the United States. Many of the severe, sight-threatening uveitic conditions are thought to be driven by putative autoimmune mechanisms, often with high-dose oral prednisone use as treatment, along with cytotoxic agents, antimetabolites, and cyclosporine adjunctively. The feeding of the uveitogenic retinal S-Ag to rats immunized with the same antigen resulted in clinical protection. A pilot study in which two patients, one with pars planitis and the other with Behcet's disease, were fed with the retinal S-Ag resulted in these patients' immunosuppressive medication being decreased and/or stopped. The trial also provided us with information concerning dosage and expected immune responses. A randomized, masked study looking at the effect of feeding retinal antigens to uveitis patients is ongoing.
A Case of Aortitis Syndrome with Severe Coarctation of the Aorta (1985)

A 17 year old female with aortitis syndrome was reported. The blood pressure of upper extremities was 204/88 mmHg which was higher than that of lower extremities (88/mmHg). Chest X ray showed marked rib notchings at the lower border of the right 7th and 8th rib and left 8th ribs. Stenosis of the thoracic aorta was observed at the upper border of the 9th rib and the lower border of the 10th rib with marked development of collateral circulation. After 6 months treatment with steroids, inflammation signs were improved and thickness of the aorta was decreased which was detected by computed tomography. However, blood pressure was not decreased by the combined antihypertensive treatment.
Serial intralesional injections of infliximab in small bowel Crohn's strictures are feasible and might lower inflammation (2014)

Combining balloon dilatation of strictures with serial intralesional injection of infliximab in Crohn's disease of the small bowel is feasible and seems successful in reducing inflammation.
Therapeutic targets for bone metastases in breast cancer (2011)

Breast cancer is prone to metastasize to bone. Once metastatic cells are in the bone marrow, they do not, on their own, destroy bone. Instead, they alter the functions of bone-resorbing (osteoclasts) and bone-forming cells (osteoblasts), resulting in skeletal complications that cause pathological fractures and pain. In this review, we describe promising molecular bone-targeted therapies that have arisen from recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of breast cancer bone metastases. These therapies target osteoclasts (receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand, integrin αvβ3, c-Src, cathepsin K), osteoblasts (dickkopf-1, activin A, endothelin A) and the bone marrow microenvironment (transforming growth factor β, bone morphogenetic proteins, chemokine CXCL-12 and its receptor CXCR4). The clinical exploitation of these bone-targeted agents will provide oncologists with novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of skeletal lesions in breast cancer.
Low-Profile Substrate-Integrated Lens Antenna Using Metamaterials (2013)

A low-profile substrate-integrated lens antenna is designed using planar metamaterials for a broadband operation. The lens antenna is based on embedding a Vivaldi antenna source inside a parallel-plate waveguide to illuminate a half Maxwell fish-eye (HMFE) lens operating in X-band. The focusing condition of the lens, requiring a gradient refractive index is achieved through the use of complementary nonresonant metamaterial structures. Numerical simulations are performed to determine the suitable unit cells geometry with respect to the wave launcher inserted into the parallel-plate waveguide. The electric field distribution inside the antenna system has also been explored numerically. Far-field radiation patterns have been measured on a fabricated prototype in an anechoic chamber. It has been shown from both near- and far-field plots that the proposed planar antenna presents good focusing properties.
Automatic registration of CT and MR brain images using correlation of geometrical features (1995)

Describes an automated approach to register CT and MR brain images. Differential operators in scale space are applied to each type of image data, so as to produce feature images depicting "ridgeness". The resulting CT and MR feature images show similarities which can be used for matching. No segmentation is needed and the method is devoid of human interaction. The matching is accomplished by hierarchical correlation techniques. Results of 2-D and 3-D matching experiments are presented. The correlation function ensures an accurate match even if the scanned volumes to be matched do not completely overlap, or if some of the features in the images are not similar.
Cooperative research program in coal liquefaction. Quarterly report, August 1, 1991--October 31, 1991 (1991)

This Quarterly Report on coal liquefaction research includes discussion in the areas of (1) Iron Based Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction; (2) Exploratory Research on Coal Conversion; (3) Novel Coal Liquefaction Concepts; (4) Novel Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. (VC)
Body‐wave radiation patterns and AVO in anisotropic media (1993)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993Body‐wave radiation patterns and AVO in anisotropic mediaAuthors: Ilya TsvankinIlya TsvankinCenter for Wave Phenomena, Colorado School of Mineshttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822605 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822605FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1993 Pages: 1396 publication data© 1993 Copyright © 1993 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Ilya Tsvankin, (1993), "Body‐wave radiation patterns and AVO in anisotropic media," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 742-745. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822605 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Application of gravity passive aided strapdown inertial navigation in underwater vehicles (2020)

Underwater navigation technology is the guarantee to ensure the underwater vehicles complete all tasks. A gravity passive aided strapdown inertial navigation system is proposed in order to improve the precision of position of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). Improved unscented Kalman filter (IUKF) is applied in the novel integrated system which is based on gravity gradient characteristics. The main characteristics of strapdown inertial navigation system are presented, gravity-aided navigation system are introduced, and IUKF method is applied to the information fusion of integrated navigation system. Simulation experiments were carried out and the results show that the novel integrated navigation system proposed can get better performance of position precision comparing to the traditional Kalman filtering methods. The simulation experiment results suggest that the IUKF method applied in the gravity passive aided navigation system is capable of greatly improving the long-time navigation position, attitude and velocity precision comparing with the traditional information fusion method.
Supplemental Tables S1-S2 from Hedgehog Signaling Drives Radioresistance and Stroma-Driven Tumor Repopulation in Head and Neck Squamous Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Tables S1-S2. Hirsch Score was calculated from tumors and their respective stroma from Figure 5 (S1); All potential flank implanted stromal:tumor and tumor:tumor combinations were measured bi-weekly to chart growth kinetics (S2).&lt;/p&gt;
Sol–gel encapsulation of Au nanoparticles in hybrid silica improves gold oxidation catalysis (2016)

Potential implications of these findings are significant, especially considering that the highly stable, mesoporous glassy catalyst is ideally suited for application in microreactors for carrying out the reaction under flow. Graphical abstractSelective oxidation of 2-phenylethanol over SiliaCat Au nanoparticle. Hydrogen peroxide is the clean oxidant.
Left ventricular ejection time, not heart rate, is an independent correlate of aortic pulse wave velocity (2013)

Several studies showed a positive association between heart rate and pulse wave velocity, a sensitive marker of arterial stiffness. However, no study involving a large population has specifically addressed the dependence of pulse wave velocity on different components of the cardiac cycle. The aim of this study was to explore in subjects of different age the link between pulse wave velocity with heart period (the reciprocal of heart rate) and the temporal components of the cardiac cycle such as left ventricular ejection time and diastolic time. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was assessed in 3,020 untreated subjects (1,107 men). Heart period, left ventricular ejection time, diastolic time, and early-systolic dP/dt were determined by carotid pulse wave analysis with high-fidelity applanation tonometry. An inverse association was found between pulse wave velocity and left ventricular ejection time at all ages (<25 years, r(2) = 0.043; 25-44 years, r(2) = 0.103; 45-64 years, r(2) = 0.079; 65-84 years, r(2) = 0.044; ≥ 85 years, r(2) = 0.022; P < 0.0001 for all). A significant (P < 0.0001) negative but always weaker correlation between pulse wave velocity and heart period was also found, with the exception of the youngest subjects (P = 0.20). A significant positive correlation was also found between pulse wave velocity and dP/dt (P < 0.0001). With multiple stepwise regression analysis, left ventricular ejection time and dP/dt remained the only determinant of pulse wave velocity at all ages, whereas the contribution of heart period no longer became significant. Our data demonstrate that pulse wave velocity is more closely related to left ventricular systolic function than to heart period. This may have methodological and pathophysiological implications.
Use ofIN VITROSkin Recombinants to Evaluate Cutaneous Toxicity: A Preliminary Study (1992)

The cytotoxicity of surfactants (N cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and sorbitan monooleate), formalin, and two non-water-soluble formulations was tested using a skin recombinant made of human keratinocytes cultured on dead de-epidermized dermis. Histologic observations and biochemical parameters of cytotoxicity (LDH release and MTT activity) are closely related. Moreover, as in the in vivo situation, cationic surfactant is more toxic than anionic and nonionic. Relative cytotoxicity of surfactants and formalin was markedly reduced on reconstructed epidermis in comparison with monolayer culture of human keratinocytes, emphasizing the toxicologic importance of the stratum corneum barrier. Histologic observations show that salicyclic acid, a well-known keratolytic agent in vivo, induced a reduction of the horny layer thickness of the skin recombinant. These preliminary results suggest that the skin recombinant on de-epidermized dermis may prove to be a useful in vitro model for the evaluation of cutaneous toxicity of topically applied substances.
Time-frequency and dual-frequency representation of fractional brownian motion (2005)

Fractional Brownian motion (fBm) is a useful non-stationary model for certain fractal and long-range dependent processes of interest in telecommunications, physics, biology, and finance. Conventionally, the power spectrum of fBm is claimed to be a fractional power-law. However, fBm is not a wide-sense stationary process, so the precise meaning of this spectrum is unclear. In this paper, we model and analyze fBm in the context of harmonizable random processes. We derive and interpret exact expressions for novel useful complex valued second-order moment functions for fBm. These moment functions are time-frequency and dual-frequency correlation functions, connecting the random process to its infinitesimal random Fourier generator. In particular, we derive and discuss the time-frequency Rihaczek spectrum, and the dual-frequency Loeve spectrum. Our main finding is that the dual-frequency spectrum of fBm has its spectral support confined to three discrete lines. This leads to the surprising conclusion that for fBm, the DC component of the infinitesimal Fourier generator is correlated with ail other frequencies of the Fourier generator. We propose and apply multitaper based estimators for the moment functions, and numerical estimates based on synthetic fBm data and real world earthquake data confirm our theoretical results
Improvements in the heteroepitaxy of GaAs on Si by incorporating a ZnSe buffer layer (2002)

Heteroepitaxy of GaAs on Si with a ZnSe interlayer by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition is reported. The structural and electrical properties of the GaAs epilayers grown on ZnSe/Si substrates were found to be superior to those of the GaAs directly on Si. The surface dislocation density of the GaAs/ZnSe/Si film can be reduced to 2*10/sup 5/ cm/sup -2/, which is one order of magnitude lower than that of GaAs/Si. A planar Schottky diode fabricated on the GaAs/ZnSe/Si sample shows a reverse breakdown voltage as high as 30 V, whereas the diode on GaAs/Si has a breakdown voltage of about 12 V. In addition, the residual stress in the GaAs heteroepilayers calculated from photoluminescence peak shifts was 8.2*10/sup 8/ dyn/cm/sup 2/ for the GaAs/ZnSe/Si structure, as compared to 2.7*10/sup 9/ dyn/cm/sup 2/ for the GaAs directly on Si. This indicates that the ZnSe intermediate layer is also effective in reducing the residual stress in the GaAs film grown in Si.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems (1983)

An encryption method is presented with the novel property that publicly revealing an encryption key does not thereby reveal the corresponding decryption key. This has two important consequences: Couriers or other secure means are not needed to transmit keys, since a message can be enciphered using an encryption key publicly revealed by the intended recipient. Only he can decipher the message, since only he knows the corresponding decryption key. A message can be “signed” using a privately held decryption key. Anyone can verify this signature using the corresponding publicly revealed encryption key. Signatures cannot be forged, and a signer cannot later deny the validity of his signature. This has obvious applications in “electronic mail” and “electronic funds transfer” systems. A message is encrypted by representing it as a number M, raising M to a publicly specified power e, and then taking the remainder when the result is divided by the publicly specified product, n , of two large secret prime numbers p and q. Decryption is similar; only a different, secret, power d is used, where e * d = 1(mod (p - 1) * (q - 1)). The security of the system rests in part on the difficulty of factoring the published divisor, n .
Low Temperature Effect on the Endocrine and Circadian Systems of Adult Danio rerio (2021)

The control of the biological rhythms begins with the activation of photo- and thermosensitive cells located in various organs of the fish such as brain, eye, and skin, but a central clock is still to be identified in teleosts. Thermal changes are stressors which increase cortisol and affect the rhythm of other hormones such as melatonin and growth hormone (GH), in both endo- and ectothermic organisms. Our aim was to investigate how temperature (23°C for 6 days) lower than the optimal (28°C) modulates expression of several gene pathways including growth hormone (<i>gh1</i>) and its receptors (<i>ghra, ghrb</i>), insulin-like growth factor1 (<i>igf1a, igf1b</i>) and its receptors (<i>igf1ra, igf1rb</i>), cortisol and its receptor (<i>gr</i>), the limiting enzyme of melatonin synthesis (arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, <i>aanat</i>) and melatonin receptors (<i>mtnr1aa, mtnr1bb</i>), as well as their relationship with clock genes in <i>Danio rerio</i> in early light and early dark phases of the day. Lower temperature reduced the expression of the hormone gene <i>gh1</i>, and of the related receptors <i>ghra, ghrb, igf1ra</i>, and <i>igf1rb</i>. Cortisol levels were higher at the lower temperature, with a decrease of its receptor (<i>gr</i>) transcripts in the liver. Interestingly, we found higher levels of <i>aanat</i> transcripts in the brain at 23°C. Overall, lower temperature downregulated the transcription of hormone related genes and clock genes. The results suggest a strong correlation of temperature challenge with the clock molecular mechanism and the endocrine systems analyzed, especially the growth hormone and melatonin axes, in <i>D. rerio</i> tissues.
A Numerical and Experimental Study on Skin Condensers Applied to Household Refrigerators (2016)

The aim of this work is to numerically and experimentally investigate the performance characteristics of skin condensers applied to a specific household refrigerator model. To this end a mathematical model which takes into account both the heat transfer to the ambient and to the refrigerated compartments was developed. The model predicts the condenser performance from the internal and external air temperatures, geometry, mass flow rate, pressure and temperature at the heat exchanger inlet. Steady-state energy consumption tests â€“ compressor running continuously with electric heaters being used to create artificial thermal load â€“ were carried out in different operating conditions with the product maintained within a climate-controlled chamber. Tests were carried out at 25Â°C and 32Â°C ambient temperatures, 5Â°C to 10Â°C fresh-food compartment temperatures, -20Â°C to -15Â°C freezer compartment temperatures and compressor speeds of 3000 rpm and 4500 rpm. Thermo graphic images of the outer steel shell temperature fields were also recorded during the experiments. The model predictions were compared with the experimental database with the deviations falling inside a Â±5% error band. It has been found that, independently of the operating conditions, 60% of the condenser heat released rate is transferred to the ambient while the remaining 40% is transferred to the refrigerated compartments. It has also been found that radiation plays an important role, being responsible by over 80% of the heat rejected to the ambient.
A small animal model of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy and its evaluation by transthoracic echocardiography (1998)

Adriamycin at an intravenous dose of 2.5 mg/kg over 10 weeks can be used to create a reliable model of non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy with a high success rate. For in-vivo diagnostic purposes, transthoracic echocardiography provides a reliable technique to non-invasively assess cardiac function quantitatively and qualitatively in follow-up studies in rat cardiomyopathy. This small animal model can easily be used for testing new therapeutic strategies in cardiac failure.