gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Forging a future in memory: New technologies, new markets, new applications (2010)

This article consists of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation on new technologies, markets, and applications in the memory management industry. Some of the specific topics discussed include: technology life cycles; NOR, NAND, and DRAM scaling; performance and density comparisons; memory reliability; system solutions, NAND versus PCM, 2010 - 2016; and factors that will drive changes in memory technologies.
A Computational Model of the Pregnant Occupant: Effects of Restraint Usage and Occupant Position on Fetal Injury Risk (2005)

Automobile crashes are the largest single cause of death for pregnant and the leading cause of traumatic fetal injury mortality in the United States. The purpose of this paper is to present a validated model of a 30 week pregnant occupant and to examine the risk of fetal injury in frontal crashes. The pregnant uterine model was imported into MADYMO 6.0 and included in the 5th percentile female human body model using membrane elements to serve as ligaments and facet surfaces for the overlying skin. A simulation matrix of 17 tests was developed to predict fetal outcome and included frontal crash impulses from minor (&amp;lt;24 kph), to moderate (24-48 kph), and severe (&amp;gt;48 kph) crashes for the driver and passenger occupant positions. The test matrix also included various restraint combinations: no restraint, lap belt, 3-point belt, 3-point with airbag, and airbag only. Overall, the highest risk for fetal death was seen in higher speed frontal accidents in the driver position for all restraint conditions. The peak uterine strain was reduced by 26 % to 54 % for the passenger position versus the driver position. This difference was due primarily to driver interaction with the steering wheel. For all impact directions, the maternal injury indices were greatest for the unrestrained occupant. In addition, the possibility of direct fetal brain injury from inertial loading alone appears possible and a component that should be included in further models. The current modeling effort has verified previous experimental findings regarding the importance of proper restraint use for the pregnant occupant.
Base‐catalyzed racemization of 3‐O‐acyloxazepam (1994)

Abstract Enantiomers of 3‐ O ‐acyloxazepam (oxazepam 3‐acetate; OXA) underwent base‐catalyzed hydrolysis and racemization. Kinetics of reaction products formed from an OXA enantiomer in buffered and unbuffered alkaline solutions were analyzed by chiral stationary phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. Racemization occurred with varying rates in aqueous solutions with pH ranging from 7.5 to 14. Racemization mechanism was studied by the dependence of rates of hydrolysis and racemization on temperature and pH. Mass spectral analysis of racemization products derived from an OXA enantiomer in a deuterated solvent indicated that racemization was accompanied by a proton exchange with the solvent. The results indicated that a base‐catalyzed keto‐enol tautomerism between the C2‐carbonyl group and the C3 carbon was responsible for the observed racemization. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. This article is a US Goverment work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in patients with parkinson disease: a case series and review of the literature. (2011)

Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic degenerative neurologic disorder with both motor and nonmotor facets. The motor symptoms, including increased risk for falls, fractures, and stiffness, contribute to the morbidity of arthroplasty. In this article, we report 3 cases of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in patients with PD. All patients achieved poor functional outcomes with mean (range) active forward flexion of 40° (20°-60°) at follow-up. Although each patient obtained significant pain relief-mean (range) visual analog scale score was less than 1 (0-2)-range of motion was poor. In addition, each patient developed significant glenoid notching, though no component loosening or migration was observed. Mean (range) postoperative follow-up was 17 (4-32) months. A patient who has PD and requires an inverse arthroplasty should be counseled that pain relief may be reliably achieved, while functional outcomes are poor.
Dynamic memory optimization using pool allocation and prefetching (2005)

Heap memory allocation plays an important role in modern applications. Conventional heap allocators, however, generally ignore the underlying memory hierarchy of the system, favoring instead a low runtime overhead and fast response times. Unfortunately, with little concern for the memory hierarchy, the data layout may exhibit poor spatial locality, and degrade cache performance. In this paper, we describe a dynamic heap allocation scheme called pool allocation. The strategy aims to improve cache performance by inspecting memory allocation requests, and allocating memory from appropriate heap pools as dictated by the requesting context. The advantages are two fold. First, by pooling together data with a common context, we expect to improve spatial locality, as data fetched to the caches will contain fewer items from different contexts. If the allocation patterns are closely matched to the traversal patterns, the end result is faster memory performance. Second, by pooling heap objects, we expect access patterns to exhibit more regularity, thus creating more opportunities for data prefetching. Our dynamic memory optimizer exploits the increased regularity to insert prefetch instructions at runtime. The optimizations are implemented in DynamoRIO, a dynamic optimization framework. We evaluate the work using various bench-marks, and measure a 17% speedup over gcc −03 on an Athlon MP, and a 13% speedup on a Pentium 4.
Nonperturbative Saddle Point for the Effective Action of Disordered and Interacting Electrons in 2D (2000)

We find a nonperturbative saddle-point solution for the nonlinear sigma model proposed by Finkelstein for interacting and disordered electronic systems. Spin rotation symmetry, present in the original saddle-point solution, is spontaneously broken at one loop, as in the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism. The new solution is singular in both the disorder and triplet interaction strengths, and it also explicitly demonstrates that a nontrivial ferromagnetic state appears in a theory where the disorder average is carried out from the outset.
Vision-Based Qualitative Path-Following Control of Quadrotor Aerial Vehicle with Speeded-Up Robust Features (2014)

This paper describes a vision-based 3D navigation technique for path-following control of Quad rotor Aerial Visual-Teach-and-Repeat system. The navigation method is developed on Funnel Lane theory, which defines possible positions to fly straight. The navigation calculation utilizes the reference images and features to compute the desired heading angle and height during path following. The type of feature is Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF). The tracking feature method between images is performed by matching SURF feature's descriptors. The Quad rotor is able to independently perform path following in indoor environment without the support of an external tracking system. Simulation is conducted on Robot Operating System (ROS) and Gazebo simulator. The application of the proposed method is visual-homing and visual-servoing in GPS-denied environment.
Decreased expression of serotonin in the jejunum and increased numbers of mast cells in the terminal ileum in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (2007)

The changes in the 5-HT signaling pathway at the jejunum of IBS-C patients and the increase in mast cells in patients with IBS at the terminal ileum may offer evidence to explain the pathogenesis of IBS.
Synthese von Amino[2.2]paracyclophanen - viel versprechende Monomere für die bioaktive Beschichtung von Medizinimplantaten (2001)

Die für das Dinitro[2.2]paracyclophan 2 b angegebenen 13C-NMR-Daten in der Zuschrift von R. Langer et al. in Heft 4, 2001, S. 746–749, beziehen sich auf ein Isomerengemisch. Daten für das pseudo-para-Isomer sowie revidierte Daten für das Nitro[2.2]paracyclophan 2 a und das Amino[2.2]paracyclophan 3 a sind hier aufgeführt: 2 a: δ=34.36, 34.69, 34.91, 35.93, 129.45, 129.86, 132.31, 133.07, 133.12, 136.37, 137.27, 137.73, 139.26, 139.68, 142.02, 149.17. 2 b: δ=34.17, 34.60, 129.13, 133.87, 136.46, 137.36, 142.00, 149.71. 3 a: δ=32.23, 33.03, 34.95, 35.37, 122.36, 122.99, 124.60, 126.82, 131.48, 132.43, 133.23, 135.44, 138.91, 138.97, 141.06, 144.72.
Role of Phosphatidic Acid in High Temperature Tolerance in Maize (2010)

Maize ( Zea mays L.) germplasm exhibits large genetic variations in tolerance to high temperature (HT) stress under field conditions, but the mechanisms underling this variation are largely unknown. Based on many years of field observation, maize inbred line B76 consistently displays better tolerance to HT than B106. Heat waves during growing season cause leaf firing in developing leaves and tassel blasting in B106 but not in B76. The difference in HT tolerance between the two inbred lines was confirmed in growth chambers under controlled conditions. The two inbred lines showed similar level in the induction of heat shock proteins and a maize chloroplast protein synthesis elongation factor (EF‐Tu), two mechanisms known to involve in HT tolerance in maize. A drastic decrease in photosynthetic system II (PSII) quantum efficiency occurred at 34 to 35°C in B106; in B76, it occurred at a much higher temperature (&gt;38°C). Cell membranes of B76 appeared to be more stable under HT than those of B106 based on electrolyte leakage analysis. Lipid profiles of young developing leaves by lipidomics showed that, among all lipids detected, only phosphatidic acid (PA) exhibited significant higher level in B76 than in B106 under both normal and HT stressed conditions ( p &lt; 0.02). Moreover, PA was the only lipid that was significantly increased by HT treatment ( p &lt; 0.05). Our results suggest that membrane thermostability is essential to HT tolerance and that PA may play an important role in imparting membrane thermostability, and, hence, HT tolerance in maize.
Thermal Modeling and Characterization of Twisted Coiled Actuators for Upper Limb Wearable Devices (2020)

A key issue with wearable technology today is the popular use of stiff electrical motors to actuate the joints. Although their performance is ideal in terms of power, bandwidth, accuracy, and speed, they do not have the inherent ability to replicate many key biological properties. This includes the ability to modulate compliance, produce linear actuation, and provide high power-to-weight ratios. The solutions to replicating these properties usually include complex mechanisms in the form of gear boxes, parallel spring mechanisms, and control algorithms, making these devices costly, heavy, and large. As an alternative, the twisted coiled actuator (TCA) is flexible, soft, and can provide large strain and high power outputs when thermally activated. This article provides a new solution to modeling the thermal behavior of TCAs within an active air cooled enclosure. The thermal models were validated against multiple inner tube diameters, heating powers, cooling pressures, and TCA sizes, and predicted the temperature to within 8.16 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C during heating, and 4.33 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C during cooling, corresponding to 92.7% and 94.5% accuracy, respectively. After model validation, the sensitivity of the input design parameters to performance characteristics, such as system bandwidth and efficiency, were investigated to provide specific use cases on model optimization techniques.
Jolkinolide B inhibits proliferation or migration and promotes apoptosis of MCF-7 or BT-474 breast cancer cells by downregulating the PI3K-Akt pathway (2021)

Jolkinolide B regulates the luminal A and luminal B subtypes of breast cancer through PI3K-Akt, EGFR and other pathways. Jolkinolide B has more significant therapeutic effect on luminal B subtype breast cancer. In vitro, experiments verified that Jolkinolide B significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration activity of BT-474 breast cancer cells by downregulating the PI3K-Akt pathway.
Highly precise micropositioning task using a direct visual servoing scheme (2011)

This paper demonstrates accurate micropositioning scheme based on a direct visual servoing process. This technique uses only the pure image signal (photometric information) to design the control law. With respect to traditional visual servoing approaches that use geometric visual features (points, lines ...), the visual features used in the control law are the pixel intensity. The proposed approach was tested in term of accuracy and robustness in several experimental conditions. The obtained results have demonstrated a good behavior of the control law and very good positioning accuracy. The obtained accuracies are estimated to 14 nm, 89 nm, and 0.001 degrees in the x, y and θ axes of positioning platform, respectively.
Norbornadiene on Pt(111) Is Not Bound as an .eta.2:.eta.2 Diene: Characterization of an Unexpected .eta.2:.eta.1 Bonding Mode Involving an Agostic Pt.cntdot..cntdot..cntdot.H-C Interaction (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNorbornadiene on Pt(111) Is Not Bound as an .eta.2:.eta.2 Diene: Characterization of an Unexpected .eta.2:.eta.1 Bonding Mode Involving an Agostic Pt.cntdot..cntdot..cntdot.H-C InteractionMichael J. Hostetler, Ralph G. Nuzzo, Gregory S. Girolami, and Lawrence H. DuboisCite this: Organometallics 1995, 14, 7, 3377–3384Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00007a044https://doi.org/10.1021/om00007a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influences on Nanoparticle Production during Pulsed Laser Ablation (2008)

The generation of nanoparticles using pulsed laser ablation has inherent advantages compared to conventional methods, like the purity and stability of the fabricated nanoparticle aerosols and colloids.This study addresses the influence of the pulse energy on the nanoparticle productivity and particle size during femtosecond laser fabrication of nanoparticles in air and liquids (water, hexane).Moreover, in-situ conjugation of nanoparticles in hexane is studied.The nanoparticle generation rate is 100 times higher in air compared to water.Higher pulse energies lead to higher productivity, but due to shielding effects, the optimum was determined at moderate pulse energies around 200 µJ, measured by the highest absorption intensity of the plasmon resonance of the colloids.In non-polar liquid, the in-situ conjugation of gold nanoparticles to thiol molecules during pulsed laser ablation is studied.At higher concentrations (8 mmol/l) of dodecanethiol in n-hexane solution, significant smaller nanoparticles (30 nm) and less agglomerates are generated.
Mendelian randomization integrating GWAS and eQTL data reveals genetic determinants of complex and clinical traits (2019)

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of variants associated with complex traits, but their biological interpretation often remains unclear. Most of these variants overlap with expression QTLs, indicating their potential involvement in regulation of gene expression. Here, we propose a transcriptome-wide summary statistics-based Mendelian Randomization approach (TWMR) that uses multiple SNPs as instruments and multiple gene expression traits as exposures, simultaneously. Applied to 43 human phenotypes, it uncovers 3,913 putatively causal gene–trait associations, 36% of which have no genome-wide significant SNP nearby in previous GWAS. Using independent association summary statistics, we find that the majority of these loci were missed by GWAS due to power issues. Noteworthy among these links is educational attainment-associated BSCL2, known to carry mutations leading to a Mendelian form of encephalopathy. We also find pleiotropic causal effects suggestive of mechanistic connections. TWMR better accounts for pleiotropy and has the potential to identify biological mechanisms underlying complex traits.
Effect of Calcium Phosphate Glass on Compressive Strength of Macroporous Hydroxyapatite Scaffold (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Deciphering retinal diseases through the generation of three dimensional stem cell-derived organoids: Concise Review (2019)

Three-dimensional (3D) retinal organoids, in vitro tissue structures derived from self-organizing cultures of differentiating human embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells, could recapitulate some aspects of the cytoarchitectural structure and function of the retina in vivo. 3D retinal organoids display huge potential for the investigation of the pathogenesis of monogenic hereditary eye diseases that are related to the malfunction or degeneration of photoreceptors or retinal ganglion cells by providing an effective in vitro tool with multiple applications. In combination with recent genome editing tools, 3D retinal organoids could also represent a reliable and renewable source of transplantable cells for personalized therapies. In this review, we describe the recent advances in human pluripotent stem cells-derived retinal organoids, determination of their histoarchitecture, complexity, and maturity. We also discuss their application as a means to decipher the pathogenesis of retinal diseases, as well as the main drawbacks and challenges. Stem Cells 2019;37:1496-1504.
A Critique of Factor Analysis of Interest Rates (2000)

Term structure models typically attempt to explain the full range of observed fluctuation in the yield curve with a small number of independent factors. Factor analysis, a common tool in this effort, generally shows that three factors capture a large proportion of the variation in the curve. The first (most important) factor applies across all maturities and reflects the level of yields; the second affects the slope of the yield curve; and the third relates to its curvature. In this article, Lekkos argues that much of the apparent explanatory power of this factor structure may be an artifact induced by the arbitrage relationship that requires a given spot rate to equal the average of the forward rates over that maturity. Factor analysis on spot rates in four major countries shows that three factors explain about 97% of the variance in each case, but the fit with forward rates is distinctly less good. Lekkos then demonstrates that even in a simulated economy with completely independent forward rates, as long as spot rates are arbitrage-free and equal to averages of the relevant forward rates, standard factor analysis produces a factor structure that explains over 90% of overall yield variation, and loadings on the individual factors that closely resemble the patterns found for the actual markets.
Activation of phospholipase D-2 by P2X7 agonists in rat submandibular gland acini (2002)

Exogenous ATP stimulated phospholipase D (PLD), but not sphingomyelinase in rat submandibular gland (SMG) acini. PLD activation was dependent upon extracellular Ca(2+) and did not involve intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization or phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C activation. ATP-stimulated PLD was attenuated by inhibition or downregulation of protein kinase C (PKC). PLD activation was fully blocked by the cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) inhibitor ONO-RS-082 and partially attenuated by the selective Ca(2+)-dependent cytosolic PLA(2) inhibitor, arachidonyl trifluoromethylketone (AACOCF(3)), or by bromoenol lactone, an inhibitor of Ca(2+)-independent cytosolic PLA(2). Magnesium, which decreases the concentration of ATP(4-), and nickel, which blocks nonspecific cation channels coupled to purinergic receptors, inhibited PLD activation by ATP. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Northern blotting techniques, we demonstrated that the PLD isoform stimulated by ATP was PLD-2. Among various ATP analogs, only the P2Z/P2X(7) purinergic receptor agonist benzoyl-benzoyl ATP stimulated PLD-2. The response to ATP was inhibited by the nonselective P2X purinergic antagonist suramin and by oxidized ATP, a potent P2Z/P2X(7) receptor antagonist. It is concluded that in rat SMG acinar cells, PLD-2 is upregulated by exogenous ATP through a mechanism involving Ca(2+) influx, cytosolic PLA(2), and PKC. Also, the data suggest an involvement of P2X(7) receptors in PLD-2 stimulation by ATP.
Washington Report (1975)

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PALB2 Functionally Connects the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Proteins BRCA1 and BRCA2 (2009)

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are prominently associated with inherited breast and ovarian cancer. The encoded proteins function in DNA damage responses, but no functional link between BRCA1 and BRCA2 has been established. We show here that PALB2 physically and functionally connects BRCA1 and BRCA2 into a DNA damage response network that also includes the RAD51 recombinase. PALB2 directly binds BRCA1, as determined with bacterially expressed fragments of each protein. Furthermore, PALB2 independently interacts with BRCA1 and BRCA2 through its NH2 and COOH termini, respectively. Critically, two point mutants (L21P and L24P) of the PALB2 coiled-coil domain or an NH2-terminal deletion (Delta1-70) disrupt its interaction with BRCA1. We have reconstituted PALB2-deficient cells with PALB2Delta1-70, PALB2-L21P, or PALB2-L24P, or with COOH-terminally truncated PALB2 that is deficient for interaction with BRCA2. Using extracts from these cells, we find that PALB2 mediates the physical interaction of BRCA2 with a COOH-terminal fragment of BRCA1. Analysis of the assembly of foci in these cells by BRCA1, PALB2, BRCA2, and RAD51 suggests that BRCA1 recruits PALB2, which in turn organizes BRCA2 and RAD51. Resistance to mitomycin C and the repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination require the interaction of PALB2 with both BRCA1 and BRCA2. These results suggest that BRCA1 and BRCA2 cooperate in DNA damage responses in a PALB2-dependent manner, and have important implications for the genesis of breast/ovarian cancer and for chemotherapy with DNA interstrand cross-linking agents.