gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measuring the forces involved in polyvalent adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli to mannose-presenting surfaces (2000)

Mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis have become an increasingly important subject as pathogens have become increasingly resistant to current antibiotics. The adhesion of microorganisms to the surface of host tissue is often a first step in pathogenesis and is a plausible target for new antiinfective agents. Examination of bacterial adhesion has been difficult both because it is polyvalent and because bacterial adhesins often recognize more than one type of cell-surface molecule. This paper describes an experimental procedure that measures the forces of adhesion resulting from the interaction of uropathogenic Escherichia coli to molecularly well defined models of cellular surfaces. This procedure uses self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to model the surface of epithelial cells and optical tweezers to manipulate the bacteria. Optical tweezers orient the bacteria relative to the surface and, thus, limit the number of points of attachment (that is, the valency of attachment). Using this combination, it was possible to quantify the force required to break a single interaction between pilus and mannose groups linked to the SAM. These results demonstrate the deconvolution and characterization of complicated events in microbial adhesion in terms of specific molecular interactions. They also suggest that the combination of optical tweezers and appropriately functionalized SAMs is a uniquely synergistic system with which to study polyvalent adhesion of bacteria to biologically relevant surfaces and with which to screen for inhibitors of this adhesion.
Plane‐strain fracture energy instability and mixed mode crack propagation in polycarbonate at room temperature (1978)

Abstract A study of crack propagation in double cantilever beam specimens of polycarbonate has revealed a large velocity‐dependent instability in the plane‐strain fracture energy G Ic . At a crack velocity of 10 −2 in./min, G Ic accords with published values obtained from tensile studies of precracked specimens. Crack propagation in doubly grooved double cantilever beam specimens is unstable at higher velocities. The G Ic 's during crack jumping and at crack arrest are estimated to be 0.2 and 2%, respectively, of the low crack speed value, based on the amounts of crazing produced at the various crack speeds. Evidence of plane‐strain shear deformation at the low speed crack tip is presented. The G Ic instability is suggested to arise from differences in the kinetics of shear failure and craze breakdown.
Involvement of TLR7 MyD88-dependent signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of adult-onset Still's disease (2013)

Elevated levels of TLR7 signaling molecules and their positive correlation with disease activity in AOSD patients suggest involvement of the TLR7 signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of this disease. The overexpression of TLR7 MyD88-dependent signaling molecules may be a common pathogenic mechanism for both AOSD and SLE.
Electron Transmission Microscopy of NiAl (1967)

Abstract An electron transmission study of the β‐phase of NiAl was made in annealed and deformed samples with the purpose of looking for antiphase boundary (APB), networks, and super‐dislocations and to observe other configurations of the deformed state. No “grown in” APB networks, superdislocations, or APB trails were observed in annealed or deformed samples. It was concluded that in β‐NiAl APB do not exist and the material deforms on slip systems which do not require the motion of superdislocations. Deformation appears intimately related to tangles of single dislocations, subgrains, tilt and twist subboundaries, distorted hexagonal networks, and dislocation loops.
ChemInform Abstract: New Fluorinated Halomethyl Isoxazoles. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Keto‐Enol and Imine‐Enamine Tautomerism of 2‐, 3‐, and 4‐ Phenacylpyridines (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Spherical-Aberration Correction of an Electron Lens by Holography (1979)

Electron image holograms of a crystalline fine particle are made with a field emission electron microscope. The spherical aberration of the electron lens is corrected in the optical reconstruction stage, using an optical lens as a compensator. Lattice images separated from the particle in the exactly focused electron microscopic image are formed inside the particle in the spherically corrected image and give correct information on the crystal lattice of the gold particle.
Inhibition and disaggregation of α-synuclein oligomers by natural polyphenolic compounds (2011)

Aggregation of alpha-synuclein (αS) into oligomers is critically involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Using confocal single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, we have studied the effects of 14 naturally-occurring polyphenolic compounds and black tea extract on αS oligomer formation. We found that a selected group of polyphenols exhibited potent dose-dependent inhibitory activity on αS aggregation. Moreover, they were also capable of robustly disaggregating pre-formed αS oligomers. Based upon structure-activity analysis, we propose that the key molecular scaffold most effective in inhibiting and destabilizing self-assembly by αS requires: (i) aromatic elements for binding to the αS monomer/oligomer and (ii) vicinal hydroxyl groups present on a single phenyl ring. These findings may guide the design of novel therapeutic drugs in PD.
IRP/IRM methodologies (1984)

Within the next 10 years, the social, psychological, behavioral, and managerial disciplines necessary to develop and support information resource planning (IRP) and its subsequent management (IRM) will be integrated into most corporations. The assimilation, and therefore, impact of these nontechnical disciplines will completely reshape the way organizations evaluate, acquire, and use technologies available to them.
The International Context: Russia, Ukraine and the Drift to East-West Confrontation (2019)

President Putin is widely portrayed as a threat to peace and to the international order; and Russian intervention in Ukraine and Crimea is often taken as a measure of this aggressive external policy. It is contended that aggression in international affairs has different causes and consequences. The paper examines the crisis posed in Ukraine following the flight of President Yanukovich and the institution of a pro-NATO and pro-European Union government. Russia's actions are considered in the wider context of the political transformation in Soviet space, the enlargement of the European Union and the expansion of NATO. Russia's economic and military strengths and weaknesses are outlined against the background of the development of the Eurasian Economic Union. It is contended that Russian policy under President Putin has been defensive and reactive.
Afferent influences on brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: Cessation of amino acid incorporation as an antecedent to age‐dependent transneuronal degeneration (1985)

Previous studies of the avian auditory system have revealed that removal of the peripheral receptor (the cochlea) leads to a transneuronal degeneration of auditory relay neurons in nucleus magnocellularis (NM) of the brain stem. An early manifestation of the degeneration which can be observed within 12 hours is a decrease of histochemical staining for RNA (Nissl staining); such a decrease could reflect an alteration in protein synthetic activity within the NM neurons. The present study evaluates this possibility by determining whether the cochlea removal led to an alteration incorporation of protein precursors in the target neurons which exhibit transneuronal degeneration and if so, how early the changes appeared. The cochlea was removed unilaterally in seventeen 10-day-old chicks and two 66-week-old mature chickens, and incorporation of protein precursors was evaluated in the neurons of NM at 0.5, 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours following the cochlea removal. Each chick received an intravenous injection of 3H leucine, and was allowed to survive for 30 minutes after the injection of precursor. The brains were then prepared for autoradiography. The extent of incorporation by neurons in NM was determined by counting grains overlying each cell body and determining grain density/micrometers2 of neuron cross-sectional area. We found that auditory relay neurons whose synaptic inputs have been silenced exhibit dramatic decreases in protein synthesis within 30 minutes after removal of the cochlea; leucine incorporation was reduced by about 50%. In chicks sacrificed 3 to 24 hours after removal of the cochlea, some neurons (about 1/3) were entirely unlabeled despite heavy labeling of their neighbors and heavy labeling of all NM neurons on the opposite side of the brain. The remaining neurons exhibited about a 15% reduction in incorporation in comparison with the cells in the contralateral (control) NM. While the decreases in incorporation were apparent at all survival intervals, there was no consistent decrease in Nissl staining until 6 hours after cochlea removal. There were no changes in protein precursor incorporation following removal of the cochlea in adult birds, a result which is in keeping with the relative absence of transneuronal degeneration following removal of the cochlea at maturity. The results suggest a very rapid transneuronal regulation of protein metabolism within target neurons in young animals, perhaps by activity-related events.
PPAR influences susceptibility to DMBA-induced mammary, ovarian and skin carcinogenesis (2004)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, plays a role in adipocyte differentiation, type II diabetes, macrophage response to inflammation and is suggested to influence carcinogen-induced colon cancer. Studies done in vitro and in vivo also revealed that PPARgamma ligands might promote differentiation and/or regression of mammary tumors. To directly evaluate the role of PPARgamma in mammary carcinogenesis, PPARgamma wild-type (+/+) or heterozygous (+/-) mice were administered 1 mg 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) by gavage once a week for 6 weeks and followed for a total of 25 weeks. Compared with congenic PPARgamma(+/+) littermate controls, PPARgamma(+/-) mice had early evidence for increased susceptibility to DMBA-mediated carcinogenesis based on a 1.6-fold increase in the percentage of mice with skin papillomas, as well as a 1.7-fold increase in the numbers of skin papillomas per mouse (P < 0.05). Similarly, PPARgamma(+/-) mice also had a 1.5-fold decreased survival rate (P = 0.059), and a 1.7-fold increased incidence of total tumors per mouse (P < 0.01). Moreover, PPARgamma(+/-) mice had an almost 3-fold increase in mammary adenocarcinomas (P < 0.05), an over 3-fold increase in ovarian granulosa cell carcinomas (P < 0.05), an over 3-fold increase in malignant tumors (P < 0.02) and a 4.6-fold increase in metastatic incidence. These results are the first to demonstrate an increased susceptibility in vivo of PPARgamma haploinsufficiency to DMBA-mediated carcinogenesis and suggest that PPARgamma may act as a tumor modifier of skin, ovarian and breast cancers. The data also support evidence suggesting a beneficial role for PPARgamma-specific ligands in the chemoprevention of mammary, ovarian and skin carcinogenesis.
Loss Comparison of Small Delta- and Star-Connected Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (2019)

Delta-connected stator windings are often used in mass production of small Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSMs). In comparison to star-connected stator windings, a delta-connected winding system offers advantages for manufacturing and lowers production costs. A main disadvantage of motors with such a winding system are additional losses caused by the Zero-Sequence Current Component (ZSCC). In this paper the ZSCC and its impact on the generated losses in a delta-connected PMSM used as a traction motor for a pedal electric cycle (Pedelec) is analysed. The calculated results are compared to those of a star-connected PMSM with the same design. We will show that the amplitude of the ZSCC depends on the operating point of the machine. As a result, the copper losses in the delta-connected machine are up to 5.8 % higher than the ones in the star-connected machine. On the other hand, the iron losses are 1 % smaller in the delta-connected machine. The efficiency of the delta-connected machine is still up to 4 % smaller.
Analysis of Long-Term Effects in Concrete Columns Prestressed with FRP Tendons (2007)

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Three New Cyclolanostane Triterpenoids from the Ethanol Extract of the Stems ofKadsura heteroclita (2006)

Three new cyclolanostane triterpenoids, 1–3, were isolated from the EtOH extract of the stems of Kadsura heteroclita. Their structures and configurations were determined by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The three new compounds are likely to be artificial products formed during the extraction process, and might be derived from schisanlactone E (4) and two related double-bond isomers, respectively.
A Subspace, Interior, and Conjugate Gradient Method for Large-Scale Bound-Constrained Minimization Problems (1999)

A subspace adaptation of the Coleman--Li trust region and interior method is proposed for solving large-scale bound-constrained minimization problems. This method can be implemented with either sparse Cholesky factorization or conjugate gradient computation. Under reasonable conditions the convergence properties of this subspace trust region method are as strong as those of its full-space version. Computational performance on various large test problems is reported; advantages of our approach are demonstrated. Our experience indicates that our proposed method represents an efficient way to solve large bound-constrained minimization problems.
Routing for all-optical networks using wavelengths outside erbium-doped fiber amplifier bandwidth (2002)

In wavelength-division multiplexed wide-area optical networks, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) are usually employed to boost lightwave power. However, EDFAs can only cover 35 nm of the 200 nm fiber bandwidth at 1.55 /spl mu/m, and therefore messages transmitted on the remaining fiber bandwidth cannot be amplified. The authors propose to use wavelengths outside the EDFA bandwidth for sending messages over short distances in which amplification is not necessary. Routing determines which wavelength and links a message is routed on, and hence whether or not a message needs amplification. The authors design static and dynamic routing algorithms in circuit-switched networks and analyze the performance using simulation. The results show that use of wavelengths outside the EDFA bandwidth can decrease blocking and increase the network capacity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Thromboelastography Might Be More Applicable to Guide Anticoagulant Therapy than Fibrinolytic Therapy in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 (2021)

Brubaker, Lisa MD, FACS; Mortus, Jared MD; Cruz, Miguel PhD; Trautner, Barbara MD, PhD; Loor, Michele MD, FACS; Rosengart, Todd MD, FACS Author Information
Sonographic visualization of the middle phalanx of the fetal fifth digit between 13 and 17 weeks of gestation (2007)

Ultrasound visualization of the MPFD gradually increases during the 13- to 17-week period. This emphasizes the limited role of non-ossification of the MPFD as a sonographic marker of Down syndrome before 17 weeks of gestation.
Chemoselective Aerobic Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of Terminal Alkynes with Hydrosilanes by a Nanoporous Gold Catalyst (2018)

Aerobic cross-dehydrogenative coupling between terminal alkynes and hydrosilanes occurred in the presence of nanoporous gold catalyst under O<sub>2</sub> atmosphere. A variety of alkynylsilanes were synthesized in good-to-high yields and the catalyst was easily recovered and reused many times. Furthermore, the chemoselective direct silyl protection of terminal acetylenes of alkynols over the hydroxyl groups was achieved with this catalytic system.
Spectroscopic characterization of porphyrin monolayer assemblies (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectroscopic characterization of porphyrin monolayer assembliesG. Alan Schick, Irwin C. Schreiman, Richard W. Wagner, Jonathan S. Lindsey, and David F. BocianCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 4, 1344–1350Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00186a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00186a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1106Altmetric-Citations180LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Grain Growth Following Recrystallization in Reactive Spray Deposited Al-Mg-Mn Alloys (1998)

Abstract This paper focuses on the quantitative investigation of grain growth at 500, 530, and 560 °C in reactive spray deposited Al-Mg-Mn alloys after thermo-mechanical processing and recrystallization. Results show that reactive spray deposited 5083 alloy processed using N2-5%O2, in which no significant volume fraction of oxide particles was found, experienced significant grain growth when annealed at 500, 530 and 560°C following recrystallization. On the other hand, the reactive spray deposited 5083 alloy atomized with N2-10% O2 and the 5083+Zr alloy atomized with N2-5% O2 exhibit very slow grain growth below 530°C and limited grain growth at 560°C. This behavior is attributed to the retardation effect of the second phase particles that were formed in these alloys. The grain growth exponent of the two alloys are found to depend on the annealing temperature, with a value of n = 6 at 530°C and n = 5 at 560°C. The retardation effect of the oxide particle and the grain growth kinetics are analyzed in the context of the model developed by Anderson and Grong (Acta Met., 43:2678, 1995).
Supplementary Table 1 from Sef Downregulation by Ras Causes MEK1/2 to Become Aberrantly Nuclear Localized Leading to Polyploidy and Neoplastic Transformation (2023)

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Inhibitory effect of circulating egg antigens on Schistosoma japonicum egg-induced granuloma formation. (1997)

Schistosoma japonicum produces an enormous quantity of eggs during infection. This study was conducted to examine the effect of egg-derived antigens on the development of granuloma formation around S. japonicum eggs in the livers of mice. When soluble egg antigen (SEA) (75 micrograms/mouse/day) was injected 3-4 times via a vein into mice implanted with laid eggs, the magnitude of tissue lesion was drastically inhibited when assessed at maximal occurrence (14 days after implantation of eggs), whereas adult worm antigen (AWA), rabbit hyperimmune serum against SEA, or bovine serum albumin (BSA) did not show any effect on either the cellularity or the magnitude. In contrast to intravenous injection, there was no effect from subcutaneous injections of SEA. When serum taken from heavily infected mice or rabbit was transferred, there was a considerable extent of inhibition. In addition, an immune complex fraction of infected rabbit serum was found to have a stronger inhibitory effect than the supernatant fraction. This study indicates that the amount of egg-derived circulating antigens has a crucial effect on the development of schistosome granuloma formation.
Rutin as A Novel c-Met Inhibitory Lead for The Control of Triple Negative Breast Malignancies (2017)

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has high metastatic and mortality potential and lacks effective and selective therapeutic options. Aberrant dysregulation of the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met promotes TNBC progression, motility and survival and therefore considered a valid therapeutic target. Among various identified anticancer agents, plant polyphenols (PPs) including flavonoids, have been shown to be safe and proven for their antitumor activity through modulating diverse macromolecular targets. This study reports the bioassay-guided identification of the common flavonol glycoside rutin as breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion inhibitor. The cell free Z'-LYTE kinase assay, Western blot and in silico docking experiments uncovered, for the first time, c-Met kinase as a potential mechanistic target for rutin-mediated anticancer effects on TNBC cell lines. Likewise, the intraperitoneal injection of rutin at 30 mg/kg, 3X/week, significantly reduced the growth of the TNBC MDA-MB-231/GFP orthotopic xenograft in nude mouse model. These results clearly designate the functional dietary flavonoid rutin as a potential lead for the prevention and control of c-Met-dependent breast malignancies.
Preparation of silver nanoparticles stabilized on the surface of polystyrene microspheres (2009)

Silver nanoparticles stabilized on the surface of polystyrene microspheres have been prepared by reducing silver ammine with formaldehyde, without surface activation of the microspheres. The size distributions of the nanoparticles have been obtained, and the optical absorption spectra of the synthesized nanomaterials have been measured.
Optimized mesh-connected networks for SIMD and MIMD architectures (1987)

A class of mesh networks with wrap-around links is obtained from a class of circulant graphs by means of a graph isomorphism. We demonstrate how to obtain, from the adjacency pattern of the graph, simple parameters that serve to construct a planar design of the network. Several performance parameters are evaluated: in particular, we show that diameter and average distance are simultaneously minimized. This implies a minimization of the network communication delays. Due to its easy implementation and good behavior characteristics, the proposed interconnection scheme is appropriate in several architectural environments. Specifically, this topology is suitable as an interconnection subsystem for message passing MIMD architectures, as well as for SIMD machines with a static interconnection scheme. In the particular case of SIMD machines, a comparison is made with the ILLIAC IV-type networks. As a consequence, we propose still another topology, when the number of processing elements is an even power of 2; for this solution, we show that a reduction in the network distances is achieved, without losing speed in performing arbitrary permutations.