gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recycling Endosomes Supply AMPA Receptors for LTP (2004)

Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength, the most established cellular model of information storage in the brain, is expressed by an increase in the number of postsynaptic AMPA receptors. However, the source of AMPA receptors mobilized during LTP is unknown. We report that AMPA receptors are transported from recycling endosomes to the plasma membrane for LTP. Stimuli that triggered LTP promoted not only AMPA receptor insertion but also generalized recycling of cargo and membrane from endocytic compartments. Thus, recycling endosomes supply AMPA receptors for LTP and provide a mechanistic link between synaptic potentiation and membrane remodeling during synapse modification.
A fuzzy entropy based neural network classifier for odor identification of alcoholic beverages using tin oxide sensor array (2010)

This paper presents a novel method to odor based identification of alcoholic beverages using steady-state responses of a thick film tin oxide sensor array exposed to four different types of whiskies. A neural classifier designed to perform the identification task was trained by incorporating the class information in the training data set in the form of fuzzy entropies of the respective classes. The performance of the proposed classifier has been compared with that of those reported earlier, which generally employed fuzzy membership values to generate class information. The use of fuzzy entropy measure resulted in better identification of the alcoholic beverages as compared to those which are based on fuzzy membership representation. Fuzzy entropy representation also resulted in precise identification of the alcoholic beverages by using reduced number of sensors in the array.
Fine needle aspiration biopsy: the role of immediate cytologic assessment (1986)

Fifty-two thoracic and 89 abdominal aspiration biopsy specimens assessed immediately by microscopic examination were evaluated prospectively. These biopsies were compared retrospectively with an equal number and type of biopsies that were not assessed immediately by microscopic examination. The comparison was made to determine whether the diagnostic accuracy and the complication rates of fine needle aspiration cytology would be improved by immediate microscopic assessment. The accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy with and without immediate cytologic assessment for the thoracic aspirates was 92% and 85%, and for the abdominal aspirates it was 74% and 81%, respectively. The complication rates with and without immediate assessment for the thoracic aspirates was 40% and 35%, and for the abdominal aspirates it was 7% and 6%, respectively. Immediate cytologic assessment did not change the accuracy or complication rates of fine needle aspiration biopsy significantly, but we believe that it provided greater educational benefits for fellows and staff in cytopathology and interventional radiology.
Supplementary Table 3 from The Transcription Factor ZNF217 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target during Breast Cancer Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 117K, Microarray target genes from MCF7 siRNA. Target genes identified by microarray expression analysis from MCF7 cells � Znf217 siRNA&lt;/p&gt;
Synthesis of Si1−yCy alloys by molecular beam epitaxy (1992)

We have synthesized pseudomorphic Si1−yCy (y≤0.05) alloys and strained layer superlattices on silicon by molecular beam epitaxy using solid sources for carbon and silicon. The introduction of C into substitutional sites in the silicon lattice is kinetically stabilized by low-temperature growth conditions (500–600 °C) and relatively high Si fluxes, against extremely low C solubility (10−6 at 1420 °C) and the thermodynamically favored silicon carbide phases. Higher temperature growth leads to an islanded morphology. At lower temperatures, disruption of epitaxy occurs via the formation of highly twinned layers or even amorphous growth. The temperature window for alloy growth is reduced as the C concentration is increased. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy confirm the growth of pseudomorphic, tetragonally strained alloy layers with no detectable silicon carbide precipitation. These alloy layers allow for the engineering of Si-based lattice constants less than that of bulk silicon using isovalent elements. They have potential application in band-engineered Si devices and may provide band gaps wider than that of Si, and perhaps, larger band offsets than that provided by the Si1−xGex system.
Development status of &#x201C;Space Solar Sheet&#x201D; (2008)

The prototype solar sheet using the paper-like thin film InGaP/GaAs solar cells and thin bypass diodes we newly developed was fabricated. The output power of the prototype solar sheet is 11.3W (Voc=11.88V, Isc=1.12A, F.F.=0.854), and the weight is about 16.7g. So output power per weight is about 0.68W/g. The preliminary reliability tests (thermal shock test, humidity test, high temperature vacuum test) are carried out in the solar sheet. Good reliability of the solar sheet has been confirmed in these tests.
Dosimetric and clinical advantages of deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) during radiotherapy of breast cancer (2013)

Delivering radiation in DIBH conditions the dose to the surrounding normal structures could be reduced, in particular heart, LAD and lung, due to increased distance between target and heart, and to reduced lung density.
NFTs in Smart Cities: Vision, Applications, and Challenges (2022)

Nonfungible tokens (NFTs) have recently received widespread attention as their market has experienced massive growth since early 2021. NFTs are blockchain-based tokens used to represent ownership of digital and physical assets in a manner that is transparent, traceable, tamper-proof, secure, and trustworthy. Although NFTs have enabled new applications in the gaming and art industries, their full extent and potential are yet to be explored. In this article, we outline the vision of using NFTs in smart cities. We describe the main components of NFTs and how smart city applications, such as smart governance, smart services, smart economy, smart industry, smart environment, and smart mobility and transportation, can benefit from them. In addition, we show how leveraging NFTs can add value to the metaverse. Finally, we discuss research challenges that hinder the adoption of NFTs in smart cities.
An Information Processing Classification of Beyond-Visual-Range Air Intercepts (1993)

Abstract : This research produced a descriptive classification of the task behaviors and cognitive processing associated with performing a beyond-visual- range (BVR) air combat mission. An F-15C defensive counter air mission scenario was analyzed to identify the critical tactical decisions required of the pilot, the information that must be processed in order to make these decisions, and the overt behaviors associated with pilots' information processing. The goal of this classification scheme was to determine observable behaviors that can be used as overt indicators of cognitive information processing. For future research purposes, the classification will provide a framework for identifying observable task behaviors that may be worthy candidates for developing and testing measures of performance. Such measures are essential for assessing the effectiveness of simulator-based training programs for enhancing the cognitive skills necessary for BVR employment.
Supplementary Materials from Granzyme B PET Imaging as a Predictive Biomarker of Immunotherapy Response (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains supplementary figures pertaining to granzyme B heterogeneity, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent analyses, peptide biodistribution and dynamic PET analysis.&lt;/p&gt;
Optofluidic 1x4 Switch (2008)

An optofluidic 1x4 switch is designed, fabricated, and tested. The switch is based on a blazed diffraction grating imprinted onto silicone elastomer at the bottom of a microfluidic channel that is filled with liquids with different refractive indices. When the condition of a diffraction maximum is met, the laser beam incident on the grating is deflected by an angle proportional to the refractive index mismatch between the elastomer and the liquid in the channel. The switch was tested using four different aqueous salt solutions generating 0(th) to 3(rd) orders of diffraction. The insertion loss was <2.5dB, the extinction ratio was >9.8dB, and the response time was 55 ms. The same basic design can be used to build optofluidic switches with more than 4 outputs.
A Novel VPS33B Variant Identified by Exome Sequencing in a Patient with Arthrogryposis-Renal Dysfunction-Cholestasis Syndrome (2019)

Arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis (ARC) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive multisystemic disease that is associated with the liver, kidney, skin, and central nervous and musculoskeletal systems. ARC occurs as a result of mutations in the <i>VPS33B</i> (Vacuolar protein sorting 33 homolog B) or <i>VIPAR</i> (VPS33B interacting protein, apical-basolateral polarity regulator) genes. A female infant presented with neonatal cholestasis with a severe clinical outcome. She was diagnosed with ARC syndrome using targeted exome sequencing (TES). Exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous mutations, c.707A>T and c.239+5G>A, in <i>VPS33B</i>, where c.707A>T was a novel variant; the resultant functional protein defects were predicted via <i>in silico</i> analysis. c.239+5G>A, a pathogenic mutation that affects splicing, is found in less than 0.1% of the general population. Invasive techniques, such as liver biopsies, did not contribute to a differential diagnosis of ARC syndrome; thus, early TES together with clinical presentations constituted an apparently accurate diagnostic procedure.
Standard operating procedure for calculating genome-to-genome distances based on high-scoring segment pairs (2010)

DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) is a widely applied wet-lab technique to obtain an estimate of the overall similarity between the genomes of two organisms. To base the species concept for prokaryotes ultimately on DDH was chosen by microbiologists as a pragmatic approach for deciding about the recognition of novel species, but also allowed a relatively high degree of standardization compared to other areas of taxonomy. However, DDH is tedious and error-prone and first and foremost cannot be used to incrementally establish a comparative database. Recent studies have shown that in-silico methods for the comparison of genome sequences can be used to replace DDH. Considering the ongoing rapid technological progress of sequencing methods, genome-based prokaryote taxonomy is coming into reach. However, calculating distances between genomes is dependent on multiple choices for software and program settings. We here provide an overview over the modifications that can be applied to distance methods based in high-scoring segment pairs (HSPs) or maximally unique matches (MUMs) and that need to be documented. General recommendations on determining HSPs using BLAST or other algorithms are also provided. As a reference implementation, we introduce the GGDC web server (http://ggdc.gbdp.org).
Spin transport in nanowires (2004)

We study high-field spin transport of electrons in a quasi one-dimensional channel of a GaAs gate controlled spin interferometer (SPINFET) using a semiclassical formalism (spin density matrix evolution coupled with Boltzmann transport equation). Spin dephasing (or depolarization) is predominantly caused by D'yakonov-Perel' relaxation associated with momentum dependent spin orbit coupling effects that arise due to bulk inversion asymmetry (Dresselhaus spin orbit coupling) and structural inversion asymmetry (Rashba spin orbit coupling). Spin dephasing length in a one dimensional channel has been found to be an order of magnitude higher than that in a two dimensional channel. This study confirms that the ideal configuration for a SPINFET is one where the ferromagnetic source and drain contacts are magnetized along the axis of the channel. The spin dephasing length in this case is about 22.5 /spl mu/m at lattice temperature of 30 K and 10 /spl mu/m at lattice temperature of 77 K for an electric field of 2 kV/cm. Spin dephasing length has been found to be weakly dependent on the driving electric field and strongly dependent on the lattice temperature.
Infrared thermography measurement of the thermal parameters (effusivity, diffusivity and conductivity) of materials (2009)

Accurate thermal simulations require the knowledge of both the thermal conductivity and the thermal effusivity of samples materials. Most of the time, the thermal conductivity and the specific heat have to be measured with two different setups. In this paper, we will show that a combination of two experiments done with the same setup - stimulated infrared thermography - allows to measure the absolute value of the thermal diffusivity and to get the relative value of the effusivity or the specific heat, and so to determine independently all the thermal parameters: thermal conductivity, thermal effusivity and thermal diffusivity.
Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Stimulates Macrophage 18F-FDG Uptake via Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Activation Through Nox2-Dependent Reactive Oxygen Species Generation (2014)

oxLDL is a strong stimulator of macrophage (18)F-FDG uptake and glycolysis through upregulation of GLUT1 and hexokinase. This metabolic response is mediated by Nox2-dependent ROS generation that promotes HIF-1α activation.
Lung Transplantation for Graft-Versus-Host Disease after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-center Experience. (2023)

LTx for GVHD after allogeneic HSCT constitutes an important treatment strategy. The overall survival appears to be comparable to patients after LTx for other indications.
Subtypes of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in Hodgkin's disease: association between B-type EBV and immunocompromise [see comments] (1993)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with Hodgkin's disease (HD) in up to 50% of cases, but the subtype of EBV involved has only recently been studied. In this report, biopsy samples from 30 patients with HD were assessed for EBV sequences using both the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH). EBV sequences were localized to the malignant Reed-Sternberg cells and their mononuclear variants (Hodgkin's cells) in 9 of the 30 cases, with 7 demonstrating A-type and 2 B-type EBV sequences. Both of the patients with B-type EBV-associated HD had features to suggest pre-existing immune compromise: one was infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and had severe CD4+ T-lymphocyte depletion; the other was a debilitated elderly patient with dementia. A previous study suggested that A-type EBV alone is associated with HD and the finding of predominantly A-type EBV in the present series is in keeping with this report. The presence of B-type EBV in the HD of patients with pre-existing immunodeficiency, taken together with the recent report that B-type EBV occurs in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, suggests that B-type EBV may be an important human pathogen in immunocompromised patients.
Implicit painting of CSG solids (2006)

Implicit painting is a non-photorealistic rendering method for painting implicitly represented CSG solids. The method is based on the fact that when a difference equation is ap-plied to a set of particles these particles will move in 3D space. We view the motion of the particles as the motion of the hands of several painters and the trajectories of the par-ticles as long unbroken brush strokes, over the boundaries of solids obtained by set-operations. These boundary surfaces are used as if they are the canvases of painters. The differ-ence equations provide the trajectories of the brushes, brush and paint types. We consider this painting as a creative or ‘artistic ’ process in which the resulting artwork can be an image, a stereo image or even an animation that shows the painting process.
Generating chaos via x|x| (2001)

This paper investigates the role of the function x|x| as a chaos generator in nonautonomous systems. A Duffing-like nonautonomous oscillator is used for illustration. It is rigorously proven via the Melnikov function method that this particular quadratic function induces Smale horseshoes to the Duffing-like system. Moreover, its physical meaning as an energy function is demonstrated, which provides a critical value for the emergence of chaos. Simulations with bifurcation analysis are given for better understanding of the underlying dynamics.
Genetically engineered sensors for non-invasive molecular imaging using MRI (2008)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biological Engineering, 2008.
The Role of Context in Translation (2015)

This paper intends to make an analysis on the inherent attributes and functions of the context to help translation beginners to better understand the meanings of words in a specific context and author’s profound sentiment contained in the context.
System-level design for ESD protection on multiple IO interfaces (2018)

This paper introduces the application of system-efficient ESD design (SEED) to ESD-induced pulses that are typical for system-level ESD. Emphasis is given to USB connectors because it has been shown that discharges to the connector shell will not lead to damaging current levels; however, the current levels are sufficient to cause soft-failures and possibly lead to latch-up of the USB IC.
Chromatographic and Membrane Separation of Enantiomers Using Polysaccharide Derivatives. (1997)

Phenylcarbamate derivatives, particularly, tris (3, 5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) s of cellulose (CD-MPC) and amylose (ADMPC) are very effective chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and can resolve many racemates including drugs. These polysaccharide derivatives have a merit that affords a film (membrane), which can preferentially adsorb one of the enantiomers. The CDMPC membrane can be used as a solid-membrane for the enantioselective permeation of racemic oxprenolol. Moreover, CDMPC can be utilized as a chiral moving belt for the continuous and preparative enantioseparation of oxprenolol.
Lipidome of the Bacteroides Genus Containing New Peptidolipid and Sphingolipid Families Revealed by Multiple-Stage Mass Spectrometry (2023)

The anaerobic bacteria of the <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> group including <i>Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron</i>, <i>B. fragilis</i>, <i>Bacteroides vulgatus,</i> and <i>Bacteroides ovatus</i> in genus <i>Bacteroides</i> are among the most commonly found human gut microbiota. They are generally commensal but are also opportunistic pathogens. Both the inner and outer membranes of the <i>Bacteroides</i> cell envelope contain abundant lipids with diversified structures, and dissection of the lipid composition of the inner and outer membrane fractions is important for understanding the biogenesis of this multilaminate wall structure. Here, we describe mass spectrometry-based approaches to delineate in detail the lipidome of the membrane and the outer membrane vesicle of the bacteria cells. We identified 15 lipid class/subclasses (>100 molecular species), including sphingolipid families [dihydroceramide (DHC), glycylseryl (GS) DHC, DHC-phosphoinositolphosphoryl-DHC (DHC-PIP-DHC), ethanolamine phosphorylceramide, inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC), serine phosphorylceramide, ceramide-1-phosphate, and glycosyl ceramide], phospholipids [phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylserine], peptide lipids (GS-, S-, and G-lipids) and cholesterol sulfate, of which several have not been reported previously, or have similar structures to those found in <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, the periodontopathic bacterium in oral microbiota. The new DHC-PIPs-DHC lipid family is found only in <i>B. vulgatus</i>, which, however, lacks the PI lipid family. The galactosyl ceramide family is exclusively present in <i>B. fragilis</i>, which nevertheless lacks IPC and PI lipids. The lipidomes as revealed in this study demonstrate the lipid diversity among the various strains and the utility of multiple-stage mass spectrometry (MS<sup><i>n</i></sup>) with high-resolution mass spectrometry in the structural elucidation of complex lipids.
Ethylene reaction at high temperatures on HZSM-5 (2003)

The catalytic cracking of ethylene was investigated at 973 K and 873 K, at atmospheric pressure and in presence of a weakly dehydroxylated (WD), or strongly dehydroxylated (SD), HZSM-5. At 873 K the catalytic activity of the WD sample is very small, whereas the one for the SD sample is significant However, at 973 K a significant amount of ethane was produced by the SD sample, whereas benzene was the main product for the WD zeolite. A very rich and wide hydrocarbon product distribution was observed for the WD sample and its catalytic activity was stable, even after a long time on stream. A difference in product selectivity for the two catalysts was also observed. Since the surface areas of both catalysts strongly decreased during reaction, due to the formation of carbonaceous species, whose catalytic activity is still significant, it demonstrates that those species play an active role on the ethylene reaction, probably acting as a proton source. The catalysts were also characterised by BET, XRD, SEM and by an Induction Furnace. Our results also show that the carbonaceous species formed on both spent catalysts are amorphous in nature, the carbon content is high and the morphology is different.
Microfabricated, silicon devices with nanowells and nanogap electrodes: a platform for dielectric spectroscopy with silane-tunable response (2015)

Combining the advantages of nanogap devices and impedance spectroscopy can potentially provide a platform for dielectric spectroscopy with widely ranging applications—from fundamental studies at the nanoscale and surfaces to label free and selective sensors. The present study characterizes the impedance response of a microfabricated, silicon-based device with a large array of nanowells surrounded by annular, nanogap detection regions. Device impedance is measured versus frequency over 5 orders in a variety of organic solvents with dielectric constants ranging over 2 orders. The study finds two key results. First, an equivalent R/C circuit model is found to compare favorably with device impedance response over these wide ranges of parameters. Importantly, the model correlates with structure of the nanogap device, which suggests that such a structure-impedance response approach can help guide modeling of other devices geometries. Second, the model points to—and data confirm—correlation between nanogap device response and dielectric constant of materials in the nanogaps, particularly at low frequencies. In addition, the correlation is significantly modified by robust, silane functionalization of the devices due to a large surface-to-volume ratio of the nanogaps. These results demonstrate that nanogap impedance spectroscopy using microfabricated/silanized silicon devices is a robust and versatile platform for dielectric spectroscopy of materials on the nanoscale and on surfaces.
Structural Transitions of a Twisted and Stretched DNA Molecule (1999)

We report results of a micromanipulation study of single double-helical DNA molecules at forces up to 150 pN. Depending on whether the DNA winding is allowed to relax, or held fixed, qualitatively different structural transitions are observed. By studying the transitions as a function of winding the different DNA structures underlying them are characterized; this allows us to report the first estimate of $S\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{DNA}$ helicity. A model is introduced to describe these transitions; in addition to $B\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{DNA}$, we find that four DNA states are needed to describe the experiments.
C-reactive protein levels in the first days of life: a systematic statistical approach (2012)

A correct statistical evaluation of CRP values could be significant for risk prediction and subsequent prompt therapy in neonatal sepsis.