gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Antibody Fragment from a Phage Display Library Competes for Ligand Binding to the Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Family and Inhibits Rhinovirus Infection (1995)

Recently antibodies with a wide range of binding specificities have been isolated from large repertoires of antibody fragments displayed on filamentous phage, including those that are difficult to raise by immunization. We have used this approach to isolate an antibody fragment against chicken very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) receptor. It binds to the receptor with good affinity (Kaff = 2 x 10(8) M-1) as measured by plasmon surface resonance, and competes for binding of natural ligands (vitellogenin, VLDL, and receptor-associated protein). The antibody also binds to other members of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family including rat LDL receptor and human and rat low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP/alpha 2MR), and it competes for binding of receptor-associated protein to LRP/alpha 2MR. Moreover, the antibody fragment inhibits infection of human fibroblasts deficient in LDL-R but expressing LRP/alpha 2MR by human rhinovirus. Binding of the antibody is abolished upon reduction of the receptors and is strictly Ca2+ dependent. The phage antibody thus recognizes the ligand binding site(s) of several members of the LDL receptor family, in contrast to antibodies produced by hybridoma technology.
Preliminary report on corrosion analysis of heat exchanger tubes from a fluidized-bed coal combustor. [2 references] (1977)

The Energy Division of ORNL is planning the construction of a fluidized-bed coal combustor pilot plant. In order to gain preliminary materials compatibility information, a small scale MIUS fluidized bed was constructed, and a testing program of candidate heat exchanger tube materials was initiated. Candidate materials included Incoloy 800, Inconel 600, type 304 and 316 stainless steel, and aluminized Incoloy 800 and 310 stainless steel. The candidate materials were exposed to the fluidized bed environment at tube wall temperatures of 820 to 875/sup 0/C. The test unit and candidate materials successfully completed a 500-hr run and preliminary analysis of the heat exchanger materials has been completed. All tubes evaluated had a 1- to 2-mil thick scale of CaSO/sub 4/ on the fireside. The presence of CaSO/sub 4/ scale indicates bed material is depositing on the tube under operating conditions. A thin corrosion scale was observed below the CaSO/sub 4/ layer. Microprobe data indicated that this corrosion product was the result of oxidation, not sulfidation. No measurable corrosion rate was observed for any of the materials evaluated. Results from the analysis of aluminized Alloy 800 and 310 stainless steel were not encouraging. The analyses revealed that the 310 and 800 materialsmore » had extensive cracking and internal attack in respective aluminized layers. The aluminized coating on the air side of the 310 material was found to be delaminated. The analysis has shown no ''run-away'' corrosion conditions for the combination of materials and bed conditions evaluated.« less
<title>Overlay of neuromagnetic current-density images and morphological MR images</title> (1992)

Neuromagnetic imaging is a relatively new diagnostic tool for examination of electric activities in the nervous system. It is based on the noninvasive detection of extremely weak magnetic fields around the human body with superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) detectors. `Equivalent current dipoles' and linear estimation reconstructions of current distributions both with spherical volume conductor models are used to localize the neural activity. For practical use in medical diagnosis a combination of the abstract neuromagnetic images with magnetic resonance (MR)- or computer tomography (CT)-images is required in order to match the functional activity with anatomy and morphology. The neuromagnetic images can be overlayed onto three-dimensional morphological images with spatially arbitrarily selectable slices. The matching of both imaging modalities is discussed. Based on the detection of auditory evoked magnetic fields, neuromagnetic images are reconstructed with linear estimation theory algorithms. The MR images are used as a-priori information of the volume conductor geometry and they allow an attachment of functional and morphological properties.
A Digital Radiographic Imaging System for Mammography (1986)

FRITZ, STEVEN L. PhD; JOSEPH CHANG, C. H. MD; GUPTA, NAND K. PhD; MARTIN, NORMAN L. MD; LAWS, RICHARD L. BS; ANDERSON, WILLIAM H. MS; DWYER, SAMUEL J. III PhD; TEMPLETON, ARCH W. MD; BERNARDI, R. MS; FOX, T. PhD Author Information
Effect of metallic impurities on oxidation reaction of ion exchange resin. (II) Comparison of catalytic activity between six metals. (1986)

The catalytic effect of six metallic impurities on the oxidation reaction of cation exchange resin was investigated. The impurities, which were originally adsorbed onto the resin by an ion exchange method, combined with S present in the functional sulfonic acid group during heat-treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere to give the metal sulfides. The sulfides were subsequently oxidized to metal oxides. In the case of Pd2+, Cu2+, Fe2+ and Fe3+ impurities, their sulfides were easily converted into oxides, which catalyzed the resin oxidation. Their catalytic activities depended on the heat of formation of the catalyst oxides ΔH‘0; the lower was ΔH’0, the more active the catalyst was. However, Co2+ and Ni2+ impurities had relatively low catalytic activities. This was because Co and Ni sulfides slowly changed into oxides, and the main chemical compositions of the impurities were not oxides but sulfides, which had no catalytic effect on the resin oxidation.
Biomimetic self-healing of advanced composite structures using hollow glass fibres (2006)

The use of functional repair components stored inside hollow reinforcing fibres is being considered as a self-repair system for future composite structures. The incorporation of a self-healing capability within a variety of materials, including fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs), has been investigated by a number of workers previously. This paper considers the placement of self-healing plies within an FRP to mitigate damage occurrence and restore mechanical strength. The flexural strength results indicate that the inclusion of hollow fibres results in an initial strength reduction of 16% from a baseline FRP laminate. However, the effect of impact damage on the performance of the baseline FRP laminate and the laminate containing the hollow fibre layers was comparable, with a flexural strength typically 72â€“74% of the undamaged state. Self-healing of the damage site saw the laminate recover 87% of the undamaged baseline FRP laminateâ€™s strength. This study provides clear evidence that an FRP laminate containing hollow fibre layers can successfully self-heal. This result suggests that biomimetic repair is now possible for advanced composite structures.
PD49-01 TELEMEDICINE IS AS EFFECTIVE AS IN-PERSON VISITS FOR PEDIATRIC UROLOGIC POSTOPERATIVE CARE (2019)

GranzymeB. We examined the synergistic effects of anticancer agents and gdT cells in vitro. We found that these anticancer agents upregulated the expressions of MICA/B and ULBP family in UBC cells, which gdT cells use to recognize cancer cells and resulted in the increased cytotoxicity of gdT cells. These effects were abrogated by induction of siRNA against MICA/B. Also, these findings were confirmed by MICA/B or NKG2D blocking experiments. We also found that intravesical administration of gdT cells showed potent cytotoxicity using an orthotopic xenograft. Finally, we revealed that low dose gemcitabine pretreatment synergistically increased the cytotoxicity of gdT cells in vivo.
Cell‐penetrating peptides: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics (2008)

The recent discovery of new potent therapeutic molecules which do not reach the clinic due to poor delivery and low bioavailability have made the delivery of molecules a keystone in therapeutic development. Several technologies have been designed to improve cellular uptake of therapeutic molecules, including CPPs (cell-penetrating peptides), which represent a new and innovative concept to bypass the problem of bioavailability of drugs. CPPs constitute very promising tools and have been successfully applied for in vivo. Two CPP strategies have been described to date; the first one requires chemical linkage between the drug and the carrier for cellular drug internalization, and the second is based on the formation of stable complexes with drugs, depending on their chemical nature. The Pep and MPG families are short amphipathic peptides, which form stable nanoparticles with proteins and nucleic acids respectively. MPG- and Pep-based nanoparticles enter cells independently of the endosomal pathway and efficiently deliver cargoes, in a fully biologically active form, into a large variety of cell lines, as well as in animal models. This review focuses on the structure-function relationship of non-covalent MPG and Pep-1 strategies, and their requirement for cellular uptake of biomolecules and applications in cultured cells and animal models.
Antagonism of Corticotrophin‐Releasing Factor Type 1 Receptors Attenuates Caloric Intake of Free Feeding Subordinate Female Rhesus Monkeys in a Rich Dietary Environment (2014)

Social subordination in macaque females is a known chronic stressor and previous studies have shown that socially subordinate female rhesus monkeys consume fewer kilocalories than dominant animals when a typical laboratory chow diet is available. However, in a rich dietary environment that provides access to chow in combination with a more palatable diet (i.e. high in fat and refined sugar), subordinate animals consume significantly more daily kilocalories than dominant conspecifics. Substantial literature is available supporting the role of stress hormone signals in shaping dietary preferences and promoting the consumption of palatable, energy-dense foods. The present study was conducted using stable groups of adult female rhesus monkeys to test the hypothesis that pharmacological treatment with a brain penetrable corticotrophin-releasing factor type 1 receptor (CRF1) antagonist would attenuate the stress-induced consumption of a palatable diet among subordinate animals in a rich dietary environment but would be without effect in dominant females. The results show that administration of the CRF1 receptor antagonist significantly reduced daily caloric intake of both available diets among subordinate females compared to dominant females. Importantly, multiple regression analyses showed that the attenuation in caloric intake in response to Antalarmin (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA) was significantly predicted by the frequency of submissive and aggressive behaviour emitted by females, independent of social status. Taken together, the findings support the involvement of activation of CRF1 receptors in the stress-induced consumption of excess calories in a rich dietary environment and also support the growing literature concerning the importance of CRF for sustaining emotional feeding.
Cell Hydration and Insulin Signalling (2000)

Changes in cell hydration are critically important for the signalling towards metabolic responses to hormones, substrates and reactive oxygen intermediates. In liver insulin-induced cell swelling is due to a net K(+)-uptake resulting from the concerted activation of Na(+)/K(+)/2Cl(-) cotransport, Na(+)/H(+) exchange and the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase. Insulin-induced swelling is essential for generating the antiproteolytic response to the hormone, which depends on activation of the MAP-kinase p38. Recent investigations show, that cell swelling induced by either hypoosmolarity or insulin triggers the activation of signalling cascades. Cell swelling by insulin is Ptdins-3-kinase mediated and contributes to the activation of Erk- and p38-type MAP-kinases. Conditions dehydrating insulin target tissues such as hyperosmolarity or amino acid deprivation are frequently associated with insulin resistance. In liver, hyperosmolarity impairs the Ptdins-3-kinase-dependent K(+) uptake and cell swelling in response to insulin, leading to resistance of MAP-kinases and proteolysis to regulation by insulin. Likewise, a reduction of insulin-induced swelling by the loop diuretics furosemide and bumetanide cause insulin resistance shown by the levels of cell swelling, MAP-kinase activation and proteolysis control. Blockage of the cell volume response to insulin may be the common denominator in dehydration-induced insulin resistance found in clinical settings such as sepsis, burn injury and diabetes mellitus.
A pragmatic clinical trial of hearing screening in primary care clinics: cost-effectiveness of hearing screening (2022)

clinicaltrials.gov (Registration Identification Number: NCT02928107).
Fingerprints and DNA: STR Typing of DNA Extracted from Adhesive Tape after Processing for Fingerprints (2000)

An exhibit that is often received for examination in cases of robbery or terrorist activity is adhesive tape. This type of exhibit can often, but not always, be successfully processed for fingerprints. The question arises whether or not it is possible to extract and type DNA after the tape has been sequentially processed for fingerprints. In this work, various donors left fingerprints on the adhesive side of tapes. The tapes were then sequentially processed for fingerprints using an alternate light source, cyanoacrylate fuming, and staining with BY-40 and then crystal violet. DNA was subsequently successfully extracted, amplified and typed for six STR loci.
III-V/Ge Heterostructure Etching for Through Cell Via Contact Multijunction Solar Cell (2018)

International audience
Heart Failure Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction (1972)

Congestive heart failure (CHF) occurs in about one half of all patients with acute myocardial infarction and is a manifestation of acute alterations in left ventricular function. In the present study CHF is defined on clinical grounds, according to the presence and extent of bilateral pulmonary rales. An accompanying S 3 ventricular gallop was heard in 58% of our patients with heart failure initially, but it disappeared eventually in the majority. Dilatation of pulmonary veins and blurring of pulmonary vascular markings are useful roentgenographic signs which reflect elevations in left heart filling pressure. At times the earliest indicators of heart failure, these findings appear in general to be less sensitive than the physical examination in diagnosing CHF. Although stroke volume is decreased with CHF, cardiac index is generally maintained by increased heart rate. Left ventricular minute work and stroke work are significantly decreased, while left ventricular end-diastolic pressure is significantly increased, in patients with CHF complicating acute myocardial infarction. Arterial hypoxemia is common and the degree of arteriovenous shunting is roughly proportional to the elevation of left ventricular filling pressure. The mortality of patients with CHF is approximately three times that of patients with acute myocardial infarction and no complications. Diuretic therapy is safe and effective. Attention is called to the probability that the use of digitalis preparations in the early hours following myocardial infarction is hazardous. Furthermore, hemodynamic benefit from digitalization in the early postinfarction period remains unproven.
The proteomic profiling of calenduloside E targets in HUVEC: design, synthesis and application of biotinylated probe BCEA (2017)

The proteomic profiling of calenduloside E targets was researched by employing the biotinylated probe BCEA of natural product calenduloside E.
Too much attention makes this problem worse (2008)

Joe Monroe works at the Regional Dermatology Clinic, Bartlesville, Oklahoma, and is the department editor for Dermatology Digest. He has indicated no relationships to disclose relating to the content of this article.
MAGIC andFermi-LAT gamma-ray results on unassociated HAWC sources (2019)

The HAWC Collaboration released the 2HWC catalog of TeV sources, in which 19 show no association with any known high-energy (HE; E &gt; 10 GeV) or very-high-energy (VHE; E &gt; 300 GeV) sources. This catalog motivated follow-up studies by both the MAGIC and Fermi-LAT observatories with the aim of investigating gamma-ray emission over a broad energy band. In this paper, we report the results from the first joint work between HAWC, MAGIC and Fermi-LAT on three unassociated HAWC sources: 2HWC J2006+341, 2HWC J1907+084* and 2HWC J1852+013*. Although no significant detection was found in the HE and VHE regimes, this investigation shows that a minimum 1 degree extension (at 95% confidence level) and harder spectrum in the GeV than the one extrapolated from HAWC results are required in the case of 2HWC J1852+013*, while a simply minimum extension of 0.16 degrees (at 95% confidence level) can already explain the scenario proposed by HAWC for the remaining sources. Moreover, the hypothesis that these sources are pulsar wind nebulae is also investigated in detail.
Aramework forOportunilstic Forwvarding in Disconnected Networks (2006)

... ' ~~~~~~~~~~~~case ofconnected topolLogies, whereitiSusually referred toas provisioning 1]. limited/controlled flooding [7] andstudied inthecontext of Pervasive computing environments will becomposed ofmul-routing protocols. Herethefocus isonthecaseofmobile, lions ofdevices, making scalability andcomplexity keyissues h. toaddress. Itisexpected that these devices will communicate scearicomposed betrml. yspars ile conide erea viawireless links, with all theproblems related tothebroadcast sco niaio .occrostrlyb sparse mofile nodes. andrandom nature ofthewireless channels. Moreimportant,cmuiao
Non-invasive bedside assessment of microvascular and endothelial health in severe COVID-19 patients: the international HEMOCOVID-19 study (2022)

The HEMOCOVID-19 clinical trial, carried out in 10 hospitals from 5 countries, aims to non-invasively assess, through continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CW-NIRS), the microvascular and endothelial health in COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care. We achieve this by performing a vascular occlusion test on the forearm muscle while continuously measuring local tissue oxygen saturation and hemoglobin concentration. We found significant alterations in systemic microcirculation of COVID-19 patients with respect to healthy subjects (i.e. slower deoxygenation during the ischemia and reoxygenation after releasing the cuff, and lower hyperemic response). In addition, we found that, within the group of COVID-19 patients, the systemic microcirculation alterations correlate with severity of pulmonary disease.
Task-induced frequency modulation features for brain-computer interfacing (2017)

Task-induced frequency modulation is robust and straight forward to compute, and increases performance when added to standard amplitude modulation features across paradigms. This allows more information to be extracted from the EEG signal cheaply and can be used throughout the field of BCIs.
Roadmap for naming uncultivated Archaea and Bacteria (2020)

The assembly of single-amplified genomes (SAGs) and metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) has led to a surge in genome-based discoveries of members affiliated with Archaea and Bacteria, bringing with it a need to develop guidelines for nomenclature of uncultivated microorganisms. The International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) only recognizes cultures as 'type material', thereby preventing the naming of uncultivated organisms. In this Consensus Statement, we propose two potential paths to solve this nomenclatural conundrum. One option is the adoption of previously proposed modifications to the ICNP to recognize DNA sequences as acceptable type material; the other option creates a nomenclatural code for uncultivated Archaea and Bacteria that could eventually be merged with the ICNP in the future. Regardless of the path taken, we believe that action is needed now within the scientific community to develop consistent rules for nomenclature of uncultivated taxa in order to provide clarity and stability, and to effectively communicate microbial diversity.
KI-catalyzed imidation of sp3 C–H bond adjacent to amide nitrogen atom (2012)

We have developed a new KI-catalyzed method for the imidation of an sp(3) C-H bond adjacent to an amide nitrogen atom by using TBHP (tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 70% aqueous solution) as the oxidant. This novel procedure tolerated air and moisture and provided a series of novel products in moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions.
Modelling study on phase equilibria behavior of ionic liquid-based aqueous biphasic systems (2021)

The ability to predict the phase equilibria behavior is of crucial relevance in the early design stage of biphasic liquid-liquid systems. Ionic liquid-based aqueous biphasic systems (IL-ABS) have demonstrated superior performance in many applications such as the recovery of bio-products and the recycling of hydrophilic ILs from aqueous solutions. In order to better utilize these novel biphasic liquid-liquid systems, modelling studies on phase equilibria behavior are carried out in this work. First, the IL database developed in our previous work is extended to these unconventional biphasic systems. In total, 17,449 experimental binodal data points covering 171 IL-ABS at different temperatures (278.15 K-343.15 K) are collected. Then, all involved IL-ABS are correlated using a popular three-parameter mathematical description and the optimal parameters of each IL-ABS are obtained. Afterwards, we try to build a linear group contribution (GC) model to predict the phase equilibria behavior of IL-ABS, but it fails due to the high complexity of these biphasic systems. For this reason, we finally turn to applying a well-known machine learning algorithm, i.e., artificial neural network (ANN), to build a nonlinear GC model for such a purpose. This model gives a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.0175 and squared correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9316 for the 13,789 training data points, and for the 3,660 test data points they are 0.0177 and 0.9195, respectively. The results indicate that the proposed nonlinear ANN-GC model, to some extent, is capable to predict the phase equilibria behavior of IL-ABS. Besides the efforts of building GC models, we also discuss some main issues that govern the phase equilibria behavior of IL- ABS, which could be a guidance in the design of IL-ABS.
Defect Functionalization of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanosheets (2010)

A pristine hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) powder sample with layered crystalline sheetlike particles of ∼1−10 μm in lateral sizes and a few hundred nanometers in thicknesses was mechanically treated using a ball-mill to intentionally introduce defect sites. The h-BN was ball-milled for various times and subsequently was functionalized with a long alkyl chain amine via Lewis acid−base interactions between the amino groups and the boron atoms of h-BN to obtain soluble amine-attached nanosheet samples as the products. The functionalized h-BN nanosheet samples were characterized via various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The results strongly support a direct correlation between increasing defect site concentrations of the h-BN nanosheet samples and improved reaction efficiency with the amine. This suggests the enhanced reactivity of defect boron atoms in comparison to conjugated ones on an unperturbed h-BN plane. NMR investigations provided the strongest evidence supporting the hypothesis that the amino groups reacted with the h-BN at specific defect sites induced by ball-milling. The mechanistic implications are discussed.