gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical Correlates of Infliximab (IFX) Failure in Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A Single Center Experience of Patient Characteristics, Concomitant Medical Therapy and Outcomes (2011)

2010, we identified pediatric patients who had pelvic MRI for perianal fistula prior to starting anti-TNF alpha therapy. RESULTS: We identified 15 patients (11 male; mean age 14 years; range 8-19 years) who had an MRI identifying a perianal fistula and subsequently received infliximab (5-10mg/kg). Subjects who failed treatment with infliximab or developed an adverse reaction changed to adalimumab or certolizumab. Nine patients had perianal fistulas, 3 had combined perianal/peritoneal fistulas, 1 had a recto-vaginal and 2 had recto-scrotal fistulas. 10 of the 15 patients had multiple fistulas on presentation and 11 had associated fluid collections seen on MRI. Based on the Parks criteria, there were 9 intersphincteric fistulas, 12 transphincteric, and 3 suprasphincteric. Six of 15 patients (40 percent) with perianal fistulas had a complete clinical response (mean duration to resolution 29.3 months); 1 of these 6 patients relapsed after infliximab was discontinued and did not respond to retreatment (6 months). Two patients (13 percent) had a partial clinical response to antiTNF therapy and 7 patients (47 percent) had minimal response with continued drainage. Seton drainage and/or fistulectomy were used prior to medical treatment in a total of 6 patients, 2 of whom had a complete response. Of the 6 patients with complete clinical response, 1 had a recto-vaginal fistula, and 1 had a recto-scrotal fistula. Repeat MRI evaluation was performed on 4 of the 6 patients with complete clinical response, showing complete radiologic healing in 3 patients and persistence of fistula with active inflammation in 1 patient. Both of the patients with partial response had MRI:one showed worsening of the fistula tract and the other was improved. Three of the 7 patients with minimal response to anti-TNF therapy had repeat imaging and all demonstrated persistence of active fistulous tracts. Two of these patients eventually required diversion procedures. CONCLUSIONS: TNF alpha antagonist therapy resulted in complete healing in 40 percent of pediatric and adolescent Crohn's patients with perianal fistulas and partial healing in 13 percent. Mean time to complete clinical response was longer than expected almost 30 months. Clinical response to treatment correlated with radiologic evaluation in 7 of 9 patients who underwent repeat imaging. Based on Parks criteria, the complexity of the fistula did not appear to influence the response to treatment. Supported in part by a grant from The Pediatric IBD Foundation
Food Intake of Children with Short Stature Born Small for Gestational Age before and during a Randomized GH Trial (2005)

Parents of short children born SGA often report that their children have a serious lack of appetite and a low food intake. In this study we investigated food intake, by using a standardized 7-day food questionnaire, in 88 short SGA children before start of GH treatment. The intake was compared with the recommended daily intake (RDI) of age-matched children. We also compared the food intake of GH-treated children (n=62) with randomized controls (n=26) after 1 year of GH treatment. In addition, we evaluated the effect of food intake and GH treatment on body composition and serum levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and leptin. Our study shows that caloric intake, fat and carbohydrate intake of short SGA children aged 5.9 (1.6) years was significantly lower compared to the RDI for age-matched children. One year of GH treatment resulted in a significant increase of caloric, fat, carbohydrate and protein intake compared to baseline. Compared to randomized controls, caloric, carbohydrate and protein intake increased significantly after 1 year of GH treatment. Short SGA children had significantly lower SDS scores for LBM, fat mass, skinfold (SF) and BMI compared to age-matched references. They also had significantly lower serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and leptin levels. GH treatment resulted in a significant increase of height, LBM, BMI, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 SDS and a significant decrease of SF SDS and leptin SDS. In conclusion, our study shows that short SGA children have indeed a lower food intake than age-matched controls. During GH treatment the food intake increased significantly compared to baseline in contrast to the randomized control group.
Kinetics of High‐Temperature Oxidation of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials (2009)

A series of new formulae have been developed for describing the kinetics of solid–gas reactions with an emphasis on diffusion control. Compared with traditional methods, these new equations can be used to treat not only sphere samples but also cylinder, cuboid, and cube samples. Different from the traditional methods, all the parameters in our formulae have a clear physical meaning; as a result, they are easy to use and convenient for theoretical discussion. Based on these equations, one may further estimate the influence of the sample shape on the kinetic behavior. It is shown that the calculation errors based on our new models are less than those of traditional models such as the Jander, the Ginstling–Brounshtein as well as the parabolic model. Besides, a new concept of “characteristic oxidation time” has been suggested to measure the oxidation resistance of various materials, which might be useful for evaluating the possible applications of different inorganic nonmetallic materials.
Creating Ultrafast Electron Pulses Using a Microfabricated Laser-Triggered Beam Blanker (2018)

Ultrafast electron pulses enable imaging of transient dynamics with nanometer and femtosecond resolution. Such pulses are typically created by illuminating a flat photocathode or a cold-field emitter with femtosecond laser pulses. [1,2] Using a cold field emitter, an ultrafast Scanning Electron Microscope (USEM) has been realized enabling to image charge carrier diffusion in time and spatial domain.
X-ray signatures of charge exchange in L-shell iron and sulfur (2009)

The X-ray signatures of L-shell charge exchange in sulfur and iron were studied in the laboratory. Charge states from S 11+ to S 14+ and Fe 18+ to Fe 24+ were created in electron beam ion traps (EBITs) and were left to interact via charge exchange with neutral gases. The measurements were monitored with a high-resolution microcalorimeter spectrometer for sulfur and a moderate-resolution SiLi solid-state detector for iron. Comparison of the charge exchange (CX) spectra with those obtained under electron-impact excitation showed marked di erences. In particular, we show that CX shifts the centroid energy of the dominant n = 3 ! n = 2 emission. We explain this by an enhancement of the intensity of the 3s ! 2p transitions and a shift towards lower energy of the 3d ! 2p peak.
The Tail Suspension Test (2012)

The tail-suspension test is a mouse behavioral test useful in the screening of potential antidepressant drugs, and assessing of other manipulations that are expected to affect depression related behaviors. Mice are suspended by their tails with tape, in such a position that it cannot escape or hold on to nearby surfaces. During this test, typically six minutes in duration, the resulting escape oriented behaviors are quantified. The tail-suspension test is a valuable tool in drug discovery for high-throughput screening of prospective antidepressant compounds. Here, we describe the details required for implementation of this test with additional emphasis on potential problems that may occur and how to avoid them. We also offer a solution to the tail climbing behavior, a common problem that renders this test useless in some mouse strains, such as the widely used C57BL/6. Specifically, we prevent tail climbing behaviors by passing mouse tails through a small plastic cylinder prior to suspension. Finally, we detail how to manually score the behaviors that are manifested in this test.
Photo-thermo-chemistry of hot Jupiters : application to HD 209458b (2011)

We have developed a new model to study the atmospheres of exoplanets, adapted to the high temperature and conditions of the atmospheres of hot Jupiters. Such a model appears essential to interpret recent and future observations, predict the composition and understand the formation and evolution of these planetary bodies. Results of a 1D thermo-photochemical model for HD 209458b are presented. An important problem of photochemical model is the lack of high temperature photochemical data. In order to improve this situation, we have begun a campaign of measurement of VUV absorption cross section at high temperature for H2O, CO2, CH4 and CO. We will present the influence of these new experimental data on the thermo-photochemical model.
Plus fort, plus loin, plus lent : Comment le fond génétique de la plante peut augmenter la durabilité d’un gène majeur de résistance (2012)

Communication orale
Prevalence and Patterns of Hearing Loss among Chronic Kidney Disease of Various Stages in Bangladeshi Patients (2016)

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the association between chronic kidney disease and sensorineural hearing impairment. Early detection of sensorineural hearing imapirment in CKD patient will allow appropriate treatment which will improve quality of hearing. Hypothesis: Sensorineural hearing impairment is more prevalent in chronic kidney disease patients than control group. Setting: The work was done at a tertiary level hospital in the central part of country. Participants: The subjects were divided into a case group consisting of 55 CKD patients and a control group of 50 people. Subjects with age below 18 years and above 60 years, AKI, audiometric evidence of conductive hearing loss & past medical or surgical treatment of otologic conditions were excluded from the study. Results. Prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss in CKD patients was found to be 54% and the prevalence of hearing loss in control subjects was found to be 16%. Comparison of hearing loss between CKD and the control groups was found to be statistically strongly significant (p value was 0.0004). In CKD patients, 10 % had mild loss of hearing impairment, 30 % had moderate loss, severe loss was present in 40% patients and 20% had profound loss of hearing. By disease stage, the prevalence of hearing loss in CKD patients was as follows: stage III, 6.6%; stage IV, 33.3% and stage V 60 %. Conclusion: The present study showed the relationship between chronic kidney disease and sensorineural hearing impairment to be statitistically significant (P<0.05) which signifies that that hearing loss is relatively prevalent in patients with CKD.
Introduction (2013)

This Special Issue of the Australian Journal of Indigenous Education presents a unique collection of nine articles representing the initial outputs from the Remote Education Systems’ (RES) 5-year project to research and identify ways in which education systems might respond more effectively to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander expectations, aspirations and learning needs. The project is unique for two reasons: (1) its focus on one of the most critical and complex aspects of the Australian education landscape — the need for systemic change in improving the education outcomes of Indigenous students living in remote locations throughout the nation; and (2) there is sufficient time for researchers to meaningfully engage with the diversity of remote-based stakeholders — educators, parents, students and the wider community – in order to obtain their viewpoints concerning the value of the remote-based education service delivery provided in their schools.
Effect of harvesting time on incidence of seed-borne Fusarium spp. in spring wheat in eastern Ontario (2004)

The effect of five harvesting times on the incidence of seed-borne Fusarium spp. was examined using three spring wheat cultivars grown at two locations in eastern Ontario in 1999 and 2000. Twelve Fusarium spp. were isolated from 3831 of the 24 000 seeds, which were surface disinfected and plated onto modified potato dextrose agar. Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherb., F. graminearum Schwabe, F. poae (Peck) Wollenw., F. equiseti (Corda) Sacc., and F. avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. were the most frequently isolated species and were isolated from 6.8, 3.7, 2.8, 1.8, and 0.6% of total seeds, respectively. The remaining species, F. acuminatum Ellis &amp; Everh., F. crookwellense Burgess, Nelson &amp; Toussoun, F. culmorum (W.G. Sm.) Sacc., F. oxysporum Schlecht., F. sambucinum Fuckel, F. solani (Mart.) Sacc., and F. tricinctum (Corda) Sacc., collectively infected only 0.3% of total seeds. The incidence of F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, and total Fusarium spp. increased about twofold, from 1.7, 3.9, and 9.5% in seed harvested very early to 5.5, 8.7 , and 19.8%, respectively, after delayed harvest. Also, F. poae had a significantly lower incidence at very early and early harvest times compared to normal or later harvest dates. Incidence of total other Fusarium spp., percentage of fusarium damaged kernels (FDK), and deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration were relatively low in the harvested grain and not affected by harvesting time. Of the three cultivars used, AC Barrie had the lowest incidence of Fusarium spp., FDK, and DON concentration in the grain; Quantum was intermediate; and Celtic had the highest. Variations in the incidence of Fusarium spp. for location and year were observed and likely related to levels of inoculum and weather conditions before and during harvesting times. Key words: Wheat, grain quality, farinograph, protein concentration, N management, cultivar selection and marketing
Neutrophilic Eccrine Hidradenitis. A Case Report (1993)

Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis occurring most frequently during induction chemotherapy for a variety of malignancies. We report a case of NEH in a 41-year-old woman with acute myeloblastic leukemia under daunorubicin, cytarabine and etoposide chemotherapy. She developed red, tender and painful nodules on a shoulder. The lesions resolved spontaneously. Histological examination is mandatory as the clinical presentation of this dermatosis is highly polymorphic. Leukemia cutis, sepsis, deep fungal infection and Sweet's syndrome must be excluded as these implicate different therapies.
Epitopic characterization and vaccinal potential of peptides derived from a major antigen of Schistosoma mansoni (Sm28 GST). (1992)

The P28 antigen of Schistosoma mansoni has been shown to induce protective immunity against schistomiasis in rodents and primates. The analysis of the primary structure of the P28 molecule using various predictive algorithms led to the synthesis of seven peptides which were used to localize the major T cell epitopes of the P28. Two of these synthetic peptides (amino acids 24-43 and 115-131) were found to contain major T cell sites of the P28 antigen. Indeed, both 24-43 and 115-131 peptides stimulate T lymphocytes from Fischer rats and Balb/c mice immunized with the recombinant P28. Moreover, these localized moieties are exposed to the host's immune system during natural S. mansoni infection since they activate T cell populations of infected rats, mice and chronically infected Kenyan children. A multiple antigen peptide containing eight copies of peptide (MAP 115-131) has been prepared and used as immunogen in rats, mice and baboons. In all these models, the MAP 115-131 induces both humoral and cellular responses towards the P28. Preimmunization with the MAP 115-131 before a challenge with the whole P28 molecule increases T cell proliferation and antibody production. The active immunization of rats with the MAP 115-131 before a challenge with the whole P28 molecule increases the T cell proliferation and the antibody production. The active immunization of rats with the MAP 115-131 before challenge infection with the parasite achieved significant protection.
Correction to “Origin of Low Carrier Mobilities in Halide Perovskites” (2019)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to "Origin of Low Carrier Mobilities in Halide Perovskites"Samuel PoncéSamuel PoncéMore by Samuel Poncéhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-1159-8389, Martin SchlipfMartin SchlipfMore by Martin Schlipfhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-0497, and Feliciano Giustino*Feliciano GiustinoMore by Feliciano Giustinohttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-9293-1176Cite this: ACS Energy Lett. 2019, 4, 9, 2059Publication Date (Web):August 8, 2019Publication History Published online8 August 2019Published inissue 13 September 2019https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b01642https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b01642correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1389Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (350 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pierre Bouguer and the solid of least resistance (2010)

Résumé La parution des Principia mathematica d’Isaac Newton en 1687 survint au sein d’une communauté qui ne l’attendait pas et qui n’y était pas préparée, ainsi que le rappelle l’historien I. Bernard Cohen : que faire avec cet ouvrage et comment l’utiliser furent les deux questions posées pendant un certain temps. Un des premiers savants qui se servit des principes de Newton de façon pratique fut l’académicien Pierre Bouguer (1698-1758). Dans son Traité du navire (1746), la première grande synthèse d’architecture navale, il adapta le scholium de la proposition XXXIV de la section VII du livre II, dont Newton disait qu’elle conduirait à la conception d’un corps solide, comme celui d’un bateau, présentant la moindre résistance dans un milieu résistant. L’étude de Bouguer sur le « solide de moindre résistance » de Newton, bien qu’elle s’avérât finalement incorrecte, fut une des premières investigations sérieuses sur la nature fondamentale de l’hydrodynamique du navire, préparant la voie pour des recherches futures. Bouguer ne considérait que le « choc » de l’eau sur la proue (ou étrave) et ignorait complètement les rôles du reste de la carène et la résistance de friction. L’idée de la « théorie du choc » dans la conception des bateaux avait été pressentie, après Newton, par des auteurs antérieurs à Bouguer, mais elle ne devint utile que lorsque Bouguer produisit une méthode systématique et pratique d’analyse, en particulier quand il travailla avec son collègue et ami Henri-Louis Duhamel du Monceau (1700-1782) à réduire cette analyse à un protocole de calculs facilement applicable à la conception du navire. Ces calculs devinrent partie intégrante de l’ingénierie des vaisseaux français pendant plusieurs décennies, jusqu’à ce que le poids théorique et l’évidence expérimentale la rendent obsolète. Cependant, le legs du solide de moindre résistance perdura presque jusqu’à la fin du XIX e siècle, jusqu’à ce qu’une théorie applicable, utilisant des modèles soumis à l’essai en bassin, fût finalement conçue.
Improving voice activity detection used in ITU-T G.729.B (2009)

In this paper, by using a new envelope estimation algorithm and a geometrical adaptive threshold method; we present a novel method to improve the performance of ITU-T G.729.B systems in various noisy environments. The proposed system has minimum change from this standard.

We compare the performance of the proposed method with G.729B, ETSI AMR option 1 and 2 using objective measures.
Deciphering the mechanism of the Ni-photocatalyzed C‒O cross-coupling reaction using a tridentate pyridinophane ligand (2021)

Photoredox nickel catalysis has emerged as a powerful strategy for cross-coupling reactions. Although the involvement of paramagnetic Ni(I)/Ni(III) species as active intermediates in the catalytic cycle has been proposed, a thorough spectroscopic investigation of these species is lacking. Herein, we report a new class of tridentate pyridinophane ligands RN3 that allow for detailed mechanistic studies of the photocatalytic C–O coupling reaction. The derived (RN3)Ni complexes are active catalysts under mild conditions and without an additional photocatalyst. We also provide direct evidence for the key steps involving paramagnetic Ni species in the proposed catalytic cycle: the oxidative addition of an aryl halide to a Ni(I) species, the ligand exchange/transmetalation at a Ni(III) center, and the C–O reductive elimination from a Ni(III) species. Overall, the present work suggests the RN3 ligands are a practical platform for mechanistic studies of Ni-catalyzed reactions and for the development of new catalytic applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of β‐Aminosulfones from the 1,2‐Addition to N‐(para‐methoxyphenyl) Imines. (2015)

Abstract Sulfone substituents are found to influence the diastereoselectivity of the 1,2‐addition reaction to imines (II).
Chemically modified antigen preferentially elicits induction of Th1-like cytokine synthesis patterns in vivo. (1993)

Differential activation of CD4+ T cell subsets in vivo leads to the development of qualitatively different effector responses. We identify an approach that allows selective activation of strongly Th1-dominated immune responses to protein antigens. Whereas in vivo administration of ovalbumin (OVA) induces cytokine synthesis that is neither Th1 nor Th2 dominated, administration of glutaraldehyde polymerized, high relative molecular weight OVA (OA-POL) leads to 20-fold increase in the ratio of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)/IL-4 and IFN-gamma/IL-10 synthesis observed after short-term, antigen-mediated restimulation directly ex vivo. In contrast, concurrent in vivo administration of anti-IFN-gamma mAb and OVA or OA-POL results in marked increases in IL-4 and IL-10, and decreased IFN-gamma production, reflecting a polarization of the response towards a Th2-like pattern of cytokine synthesis. These observations may be useful in clinical settings including hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases, and vaccine development where the ability to actively select specific patterns of cytokine gene expression would be advantageous.