gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correction: Multiple FadD Acyl-CoA Synthetases Contribute to Differential Fatty Acid Degradation and Virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2010)

A close interconnection between nutrient metabolism and virulence factor expression contributes to the pathophysiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a successful pathogen. P. aeruginosa fatty acid (FA) degradation is complicated with multiple acyl-CoA synthetase homologs (FadDs) expressed in vivo in lung tissue during cystic fibrosis infections. The promoters of two genetically linked P. aeruginosa fadD genes (fadD1 and fadD2) were mapped and northern blot analysis indicated they could exist on two different transcripts. These FadDs contain ATP/AMP signature and FA-binding motifs highly homologous to those of the Escherichia coli FadD. Upon introduction into an E. coli fadD -/fadR -double mutant, both P. aeruginosa fadDs functionally complemented the E. coli fadD -/fadR -mutant, allowing degradation of different chain-length FAs. Chromosomal mutagenesis, growth analysis, induction studies, and determination of kinetic parameters suggested that FadD1 has a substrate preference for long-chain FAs while FadD2 prefers shorter-chain FAs. When compared to the wild type strain, the fadD2 mutant exhibited decreased production of lipase, protease, rhamnolipid and phospholipase, and retardation of both swimming and swarming motilities. Interestingly, fadD1 mutant showed only increased swarming motility. Growth analysis of the fadD mutants showed noticeable deficiencies in utilizing FAs and phosphatidylcholine (major components of lung surfactant) as the sole carbon source. This defect translated into decreased in vivo fitness of P. aeruginosa in a BALB/c mouse lung infection model, supporting the role of lipids as a significant nutrient source for this bacterium in vivo.
An Unusual Electron Trapping Site in the Crystal Structure of Dulcitol (1990)

Electrons are trapped in intermolecular voids in single crystals of dulcitol X-irradiated at low temperature. The hyperfine interactions between the trapped electron and the protons of the hydroxy groups which form the trap suggest a highly symmetrical arrangement of two hydroxy groups in apposition. On the basis of this consideration the site in the crystal structure where trapping occurs was identified. In a parallel approach the crystal structure of dulcitol was surveyed for a suitable void encompassing a positive potential. The latter approach confirmed the same site in the crystal structure as the electron trapping site.
Crystallisation of freeze-dried sucrose in model mixtures that represent the amorphous sugar matrices present in confectionery (2018)

Recrystallisation occurs frequently in confectionery. More information on sucrose re-crystallisation will aid our understanding of popular foods like chocolate. However, progress has been limited due the lack of a robust method for the production of amorphous sucrose, with known purity. Poor control has led to the glass transition temperatures (Tg's) for amorphous sucrose varying between 48-78 °C in the literature. Our objective was to investigate the recrystallization of sucrose in the presence of lactose, NaCl and water. The purity of sucrose was confirmed by ion chromatography, polarimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Amorphous sucrose was prepared by freeze-drying 10% w/v aqueous solutions. Fisher (99.7%) and Silver Spoon (98.4%) sucrose samples melted at 186 ± 0.6 °C & 189 ± 0.3 °C respectively. For the Fisher sample the absence of invert sugars and low mineral content allowed the observation of a small endotherm (≈ 150 °C). The Tg of amorphous sucrose was 58.3 ± 1.1 °C with a recrystallization enthalpy (ΔHcrys) of 72.8 ± 6.0 J g-1. NaCl reduced both the Tg (54.8 ± 1.8 °C) and the ΔHcrys (35.7 ± 3.8 J g-1) without affecting the onset temperature of sucrose's re-crystallization (Tcrys, 129.5 ± 6.9 °C), suggesting that a proportion of the sample remained amorphous. The presence of water (1.6 ± 0.07%) inside the hermetically sealed pans caused an earlier onset of Tg (52.3 ± 1.3 °C) and Tcrys (85.1 ± 4.0 °C), as well as lowering ΔHcrys (45.2 ± 2.4 J g-1) compared to samples contained in pin-holed pans (where evaporation was possible). The presence of lactose inhibited the crystallization of sucrose completely. On the basis of this study, it is apparent that sucrose crystallization is highly dependent on the presence of other common food ingredients within the matrix.
Neurotensin and substance P receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes by messenger RNA from rat brain (1986)

Xenopus oocytes were induced to acquire sensitivity to neurotensin and substance P, by injecting them with a fraction of poly(A)+ mRNA from rat brain. Non-injected oocytes, and oocytes injected with other brain mRNAs, failed to show responses, suggesting that receptors to these peptides were expressed by specific brain mRNAs. Responses to substance P and neurotensin comprised an oscillatory chloride current, and a smooth current having different ionic basis. These currents resembled those seen during activation of muscarinic and serotonergic receptors, but were not blocked by the corresponding antagonists atropine and methysergide. The responses to substance P, and to a lesser extent to neurotensin, showed a long-lasting desensitization. Similarities between the oscillatory currents evoked by the peptides acetylcholine and serotonin suggest that all these receptors may 'link in' to a common intracellular messenger pathway.
Balloon Valvuloplasty Followed by Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation as a Staged Procedure in Patients With Low-Flow Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis. (2018)

BAV followed by staged TAVI is a safe and effective treatment option in sick or questionable candidates, irrespective whether LFLG-AS or HG-AS is present.
Structure of the native (unligated) mannose-specific bulb lectin from Scilla campanulata (bluebell) at 1.7 Å resolution (1999)

The X-ray crystal structure of native Scilla campanulata agglutinin, a mannose-specific lectin from bluebell bulbs and a member of the Liliaceae family, has been determined by molecular replacement and refined to an R value of 0.186 at 1.7 A resolution. The lectin crystallizes in space group P21212 with unit-cell parameters a = 70. 42, b = 92.95, c = 46.64 A. The unit cell contains eight protein molecules of Mr = 13143 Da (119 amino-acid residues). The asymmetric unit comprises two chemically identical molecules, A and B, related by a non-crystallographic twofold axis perpendicular to c. This dimer further associates by crystallographic twofold symmetry to form a tetramer. The fold of the polypeptide backbone closely resembles that found in the lectins from Galanthus nivalis (snowdrop) and Hippeastrum (amaryllis) and contains a threefold symmetric beta-prism made up of three antiparallel four-stranded beta-sheets. Each of the four-stranded beta-sheets (I, II and III) possesses a potential saccharide-binding site containing conserved residues; however, site II has two mutations relative to sites I and III which may prevent ligation at this site. Our study provides the first accurate and detailed description of a native (unligated) structure from this superfamily of mannose-specific bulb lectins and will allow comparisons with a number of lectin-saccharide complexes which have already been determined or are currently under investigation.
RIPT: A Receiver-Initiated Reservation-Based Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Networks (2008)

Although there are many MAC protocols that have been proposed for terrestrial wireless networks with a wide variety of aspects, these protocols cannot be applied directly in underwater acoustic networks due to the channel's uniqueness of having low data rate and long propagation delay. In order to achieve a high throughput, both characteristics must be taken into account in the MAC design. We propose a random access MAC protocol for multi-hop underwater acoustic networks based on receiver reservation, which we shall call the "Receiverinitiated Packet Train" (RIPT) protocol. It is a handshakingbased protocol that addresses the channel's long propagation delay characteristic by utilizing receiver-initiated reservations, as well as by coordinating packets from multiple neighboring nodes to arrive in a packet train manner at the receiver. Our simulation results have confirmed that the RIPT protocol can achieve our goal of having high and stable throughput performance while maintaining low collision rate.
Extrathymic production of thymulin induced by oxidative stress, heat shock, apoptosis, or necrosis (2017)

Thymic peptides are immune regulators produced mainly in the thymus. However, thymic peptides such as thymosin-α and thymopoietin have precursors widely expressed outside the thymus, localized in cell nuclei, and involved in vital nuclear functions. In stress-related conditions, they can relocalize. We hypothesized that another thymic peptide, thymulin, could be similarly produced by non-thymic cells during stress and have a precursor therein. Non-thymic cells, including macrophages and fibroblasts, were exposed to oxidative stress, heat, apoptosis, or necrosis. Extracellular thymulin was identified in media of both cell types 2 h after exposure to stress or lethal signals. Therefore, thymulin is released by non-thymic cells. To examine possible thymulin precursors in non-thymic cells, macrophage lysates were analyzed by western blotting. Bands stained with anti-thymulin antibody were detected in two locations, approximately 60 kDa and 10 kDa, which may be a possible precursor and intermediate. All of the exposures except for heat were effective for induction of the 10 kDa protein. BLAST search using thymulin sequence identified SPATS2L, an intranucleolar stress-response protein with molecular weight of 62 kDa, containing thymulin-like sequence. Comparisons of blots stained with anti-thymulin and anti-SPATS2L antibodies indicate that SPATS2L may be a possible candidate for the precursor of thymulin.
Hydrogen desorption from sand-blasted and acid-etched titanium surfaces after glow-discharge treatment (2000)

Hydrogen desorption from argon plasma-treated titanium implants with a high surface roughness was studied. Implants with a high surface roughness have shown an increase in mechanical stability in bone tissue and a different behavior of osteoblasts in vitro. High surface roughness was produced by grit blasting and acid etching, resulting in an increase of the sub-surface hydrogen concentration and the formation of a titanium hydride. After an argon plasma treatment the surface oxide, which always covers titanum surfaces exposed to an oxygen-containing environment, and some of the hydrogen were sputtered away, decreasing the hydrogen concentration in the sub-surface region. Nuclear reaction analysis was used to determine the hydrogen concentration as a function of depth. The total amount of sub-surface (down to a depth of < or = 2 microm) hydrogen remaining after plasma treatment decreased with increasing plasma intensity to below the levels observed in non-acid-etched samples (approximately 1-2%). Thermal desorption spectroscopy was used for desorption studies and investigation of H(2) desorption activation energies. With a surface oxide present, the onset of hydrogen desorption is at ca 400 degrees C, which is the oxide decomposition temperature in vacuum, with an activation energy of ca 2 eV/molecule of H(2). After plasma treatment, that is, without surface oxide present, the onset of desorption was observed at ca 300 degrees C and with an activation energy of ca 0.8 eV/molecule of H(2), indicating a bulk diffusion-limited desorption.
스마트 토이 분류의 비교와 제품 동향 (2018)

본 연구는 스마트 토이의 다양한 분류를 조사하고 그에 따른 제품 사례를 들어 특성을 조사하였으며, 이를 토대로 하여, 다음과 같이 분류에 대한 비교 및 스마트 토이의 제품 동향을 도출하고 이에 대해 논의하였다.
1. 스마트 토이 분류를 구분하는 이름은 형태, 기능, 상호작용의 요인을 중심으로 명명하여 제시되고 있다.
2. 하나의 분류 안에서 구분하는 이름들이 형태와 기능 요인이 혼재되어 모순됨으로 ‘Mascheroni 외’의 분류를 가장 보편적으로 적용할 수 있는 안으로 제시하고자 한다.
3. 스마트 토이를 구성하는 핵심기술은 UI/UX기반 인터렉션기술, 제어 및 구동 기술, 감성형 센서 네트워크 UX 기술, 감지기술 등 네 개의 분야로 구분할 수 있으며 컨셉에 따라 다양하게 적용되었다.
4. 스마트 토이는 인간과의 상호작용 방식이 단순 교류 방식에서 다양한 삶의 현장을 다각적으로 교류하는 방식으로 진화하고 있다.
5. 학습 효과를 위해 놀이 기능과 결합한 교육형 토이는 학습효과를 더욱 높이기 위한 실용적인 교차 수업 방식의 STEM 솔루션 등 고차원적 학습 이론을 접목해 개발되고 있다.
6. 스마트 토이는 증강현실, 가상현실 체험이 더욱 확대되고 있다.
7. 스마트 토이는 인터넷 연결로 인하여 개인 정보 유출 및 카메라 등에 의한 사생활 침해우려가 있다.
8. 스마트 토이의 외형적 형태는 수적으로 인형, 로봇, 피규어, 블록 등의 순서이며, 재질은 합성수지가 가장 많고 금속, 나무, 유리, 섬유, 종이 등이 관찰되었다. 색상은 비비드 컬러의 대조적인 배색이 많고, 파스텔 톤, 메탈릭 컬러 및 이와 조화되는 블랙 앤 화이트, 블루 등이 사용되었다.
ChemInform Abstract: Desymmetrization of Diolefinic Diols by Enantioselective Amino‐thiocarbamate‐Catalyzed Bromoetherification: Synthesis of Chiral Spirocycles. (2014)

Abstract The absolute configuration of the bromoethers and the corresponding spirocycles is established based on X‐ray analysis of (XVa).
Place de la scintigraphie des récepteurs à la somatostatine dans la prise en charge des tumeurs neuro-endocrines digestives (2001)

L'indium 111 pentetreotide ou Octreoscan® est un traceur radioactif, derive d'un analogue de la somatostatine : l'octreotide (Sandostatine®) [1, 2]. Le concept de la scintigraphie a l'Octreoscan® repose sur la presence en forte densite de recepteurs a la somatostatine sur les cellules tumorales neuro-endocrines pathologiques [1, 3]. L'objectif de cette revue est de donner aux cliniciens des elements pratiques pour une prescription pertinente et une interpretation appropriee des resultats de la scintigraphie a l'Octreoscan® et pour situer sa place dans les tumeurs neuro-endocrines digestives.
POL5551, a novel and potent CXCR4 antagonist, enhances sensitivity to chemotherapy in pediatric ALL (2015)

// Edward Allan R. Sison 1 , Daniel Magoon 2 , Li Li 2 , Colleen E. Annesley 2 , Barbara Romagnoli 3 , Garry J. Douglas 3 , Gerald Tuffin 3 , Johann Zimmermann 3 , Patrick Brown 2 1 Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA 2 Oncology and Pediatrics, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 3 Polyphor, Ltd., Allschwil, Switzerland Correspondence to: Edward Allan R. Sison, e-mail: sison@bcm.edu Keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia, CXCR4, microenvironment, chemokines, pediatric Received: July 14, 2015&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Accepted: August 21, 2015&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Published: September 03, 2015 ABSTRACT The importance of the cell surface receptor CXCR4 and the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) is well-established in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. The Protein Epitope Mimetic POL5551 is a novel and potent antagonist of CXCR4. POL5551 efficiently mobilizes hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, but its effects in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have not been reported. Here, we demonstrate that POL5551 is a potent antagonist of CXCR4 in pre-B and T cell ALL cell lines and pediatric ALL primary samples. POL5551 has activity at nanomolar concentrations in decreasing CXCR4 antibody binding, blocking SDF-1&alpha;-mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2, inhibiting SDF-1&alpha;-induced chemotaxis, and reversing stromal-mediated protection from chemotherapy. POL5551 is significantly more effective at inhibiting CXCR4 antibody binding than the FDA-approved CXCR4 inhibitor plerixafor in ALL cell lines and primary samples. We also show that treatment with POL5551 in vitro and cytarabine +/&minus; POL5551 in vivo modulates surface expression of adhesion molecules, findings that may guide the optimal clinical use of POL5551. Finally, we demonstrate that POL5551 increases sensitivity to cytarabine in a xenograft model of a high-risk pediatric ALL, infant MLL- rearranged ( MLL- R) ALL. Therefore, disruption of the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis with POL5551 may improve outcomes in children with high-risk ALL.
Capillary electrophoresis of pesticides (1997)

Pesticides are important and diverse environmental and agricultural species. Their determination in pesticide formulations, in feed and food, and in complex environmental matrices (e.g., water, soil, sludge, sediments, etc.) often requires separation methods of high efficiency, unique selectivity and high sensitivity. As shown in this comprehensive review, capillary electrophoresis meets these requirements and has proved to be a suitable microseparation technique for the analysis of a wide variety of chiral and achiral pesticides. It is also shown that by combining selective precolumn derivatization schemes, sensitive detection methods (e.g., laser induced fluorescence detection) and trace enrichment techniques, capillary electrophoresis (CE) is capable of determining pesticides at trace levels as those usually encountered in environmental samples.
Spreading Sequence Design and Theoretical Limits for Quasisynchronous CDMA Systems (2004)

For various quasisynchronous (QS) CDMA systems such as LAS-CDMA system which emerged recently, in order to reduce or eliminate the multiple access interference and multipath interference, it is required to design a set of spreading sequences which are mutually orthogonal within a designed shift zone, called orthogonal zone. For traditional orthogonal sequences, such as Walsh sequences and orthogonal Gold sequences, the orthogonality can only be achieved at the inphase point; in other words, the orthogonality is destroyed whenever there is a relative shift between the sequences, that is, their orthogonal zone is 0. In this paper, new concepts of generalized orthogonality (GO) and generalized quasiorthogonality (GQO) for spreading sequence design in both direct sequence (DS) QS-CDMA systems and time/frequency hopping (TH/FH) QS-CDMA systems are presented. Besides, selected GO/GQO sequence designs and general theoretical periodic and aperiodic limits, together with several applications in QS-CDMA systems, are also reviewed and analyzed.
INFLUENCIA DE LAS CITOQUINNIAS Y LOS SUBCULTIVOS EN LA CAPACIDAD DE PROLIFERACIÓN DE MICROESQUEJES AXILARES DE VITIS VINIFERA L. CV. NAPOLEÓN (2003)

The addition of cytokinins to the culture medium was essential for the sprouting and formation of multiple shoots from axillary-bud microcuttings excised from in vitro -grown plants of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Napoleon. Of three cytokinins assayed, 6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (K), 2- isopentenyladenine (2iP), and thidiazuron (TDZ), BA encouraged the best morphogenic response. This is especially true at concentrations of 6.67 and 8.9 M which led to 100% sprouting, an average of 8.7 axillary buds and 2.5 shoots developed per explant, together with maximum multiplication coefficients of buds and shoots. Subculture of microcuttings to fresh media maintained sprouting rates and substantially increased the production of shoots and axillary buds per explant until the third subculture. According to the results obtained it could seem advisable to limit the multiplication cycles for cv. Napoleon to three since further transfers induced vitrification phenomema and degenerations.
Approach to Clarification of Oil Film Behavior in Hot Rolling by Numerical Analysis (2016)

In hot rolling, lubrication oil plays an important role in reducing rolling force and protecting the work roll surface. However, the oil behavior in hot rolling has not been clarified sufficiently. In this work, a numerical analysis of the introduced oil film was attempted. There are no previous reports on numerical analysis of hot rolling lubrication. The analytical results of the introduced oil film thickness showed a good correlation with the experimental results. The numerical analysis of hot rolling lubrication clarified the following points: The introduced oil film did not become saturated even if the oil film thickness increased. The reason for this phenomenon is thought to be because the oil viscosity remains high on the work roll side. It was also found that the gradient of the oil velocity in the thickness direction is not constant and changes greatly on the strip side.
Lipoxin recognition sites. Specific binding of labeled lipoxin A4 with human neutrophils. (1992)

Lipoxin A4 stimulates rapid lipid remodeling and a pertussis toxin-sensitive release of arachidonic acid in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) (Nigam, S., Fiore, S., Luscinskas, F.W., and Serhan, C.N. (1990) J. Cell. Physiol. 143, 512-523) and has been shown to inhibit leukocyte responses in several systems. To examine the basis underlying these actions, we have prepared [11,12-3H]lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and characterized its interactions with human PMN. Time course studies (0-90 min) with intact PMN demonstrated cell association of 3H label which was specific and reversible. PMN bound [3H]LXA4 with a Kd of 0.5 +/- 0.3 nM, representing approximately 1,830 sites/PMN, and the Hill plot value of 1.9 suggests cooperative binding. [3H]LXA4 binding was stereoselective since neither leukotriene B4 (LTB4), lipoxin B4 (LXB4), (6S)-LXA4, 11-trans-LXA4, nor SKF 104353 competed for [3H]LXA4-specific binding while LTD4 and LTC4 partially competed. Subcellular fractionation revealed that specific binding with [3H]LXA4 was associated with membrane (42.1%)-, granule (34.5%)-, and nuclear (23.3%)-enriched fractions, a distribution distinct from that of [14,15-3H] LTB4 binding. [11,12-3H]LXA4-specific binding was modulated by guanosine analogs, suggesting the involvement of G proteins. A fluorescent LXA4 derivative (methyl-7-methoxycoumarin-LXA4) competed with [3H]LXA4 binding to intact PMN and showed specific and reversible binding as monitored by flow cytometric analysis. These results indicate that PMN possess specific recognition sites for LXA4 which may mediate its actions.
Efficacy and safety of exogenous beta-hydroxybutyrate for preventive treatment in episodic migraine: A single-centred, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover trial (2021)

The selected dose of supplemented exogenous DL-beta-hydroxybutyrate did not demonstrate efficacy in episodic migraineurs.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03132233.
Eccentric Exercise In Vivo (2010)

The muscle tendon unit is a stable system, designed to operate eccentrically with efficiency and resiliency. Fiber strains, although minimized by tendon compliance during exercise, are essential components to decoding the mechanical and chemical signals during exercise. Subsequent cellular adaptations minimize the subsequent "dose" of stress and strain and serve to limit the exacerbation of damage into injury.
Altered T-cell subsets in HIV-1 natural viral suppressors (elite controllers) with hepatitis C infection (2013)

We have established a cohort of 64 Natural Viral Suppressors (NVS) (similar to Elite Controllers/Elite Suppressors), 30 of which have chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). We investigated T-cell phenotypic changes in association with HCV infection. NVS without HCV and normal controls had similar T-cell phenotypes. However, NVS with HCV had lower naive cell proportions (CD4 and CD8) compared with NVS without HCV (P = 0.0008 and P = 0.02) or normal controls (P = 0.0163 and P = 0.017). These results and previously reported data suggest that HCV coinfection increases immune activation and T-cell disturbances. Any associated T-cell functional changes or potential clinical consequences need further study.
E-mail-based Telemonitoring System of Television’s Operating State for Elderly Persons Living Alone (2008)

To improve the relationship between families and elderly parents who live far apart, we have developed a telemonitoring system using the television’s operating-state (TVOS). The aim of the present study was to develop a novel system that monitors the TVOS by utilizing e-mails to solve the problems of the previous system.
Smart Stylet: The Development and Use of a Bedside External Ventricular Drain Image-Guidance System (2015)

Smart Stylet may improve the ability to successfully target the ventricles during frontal ventriculostomy.