gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Retransmission Method for Improving Transmission Reliability in One-way Transmission (2017)

One-way(unidirectional) Security Gateway recently emerged for preventing cyber-attack with high performance in ICS. One-way Security Gateway is connected only one-way, reverse direction is even physically blocked. In one-way transmission, since it is basically impossible to send ACK or Reply from receiving side to transmitting side, transmitting side cannot know whether the transmission is successful or not. Therefore, the transmission reliability of data has a big concern in One-way transmission. In this paper, we discuss methods of improving the transmission reliability in one-way transmission.
Understanding and Avoiding Antiretroviral Adverse Events (2006)

Antiretrovirals are an important break-through in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. However, adverse reactions from these drugs can range from mild to life-threatening, and determining which agent is the cause is frequently difficult to discern. Fortunately, side effects can be monitored, treated and in many cases, prevented.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Organized Bone Marrow Elements: An Alternative Hematopoietic Progenitor Resource (2006)

STEM CELLS focuses primarily on the functional and mechanistic aspects of stem cell biology and the potential of different types of stem cells for therapeutic applications. The journal publishes key, well-controlled advances in stem cell clinical trials and mechanism-based manuscripts with definitive conclusions.
Canine Granulocytopathy Syndrome: Neutrophil Dysfunction in a Dog with Recurrent Infections (1975)

A male Irish Setter dog had a clinical history of recurrent life-threatening bacterial infections, with associated periods of pyrexia and severe neutrophilia. Examination of a mandibular lymph node biopsy made when the patient was 10 weeks old revealed subacute diffuse suppurative lymphadenitis with reticuloendothelial hyperplasia. Circulating leukocytes isolated from the dog when it was 5 months old had a marked bactericidal defect when compared with cells from clinically normal dogs of the same age. The clinical syndrome in the affected patient resembled that observed in the granulocytopathies described in man and other animals.
Inappropriate mucin production in gall bladder metaplasia and neoplasia–an immunohistological study (1981)

This study demonstrates the presence of three antigens in glandular metaplasia occurring in patients with cholecystitis and cholelithiasis: specifically carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), large intestinal mucin antigen (LIMA) and small intestinal mucin antigen (SIMA). These antigens could not be detected in normal gall bladder mucosa or in squamous metaplasia of the gall bladder. The occurrence of the three intestine-associated antigens in three carcinomas was irregular. In one mucinous carcinoma, only SIMA could be demonstrated. In one adenocarcinoma, SIMA was present in small areas of mucinous change, whilst CEA was present in the non-mucinous malignant tissue. In a mixed mucinous and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma with widespread dissemination, the three antigens were present both in the primary tumour and the metastases. These observations suggest that all forms of glandular metaplasia of the gall bladder are intestinal in nature and at least a proportion of gall bladder carcinomas are of an intestinal type. Finally they provide further immunological evidence that glandular metaplasia of the gall bladder should be considered a pre-malignant condition.
Assessment of animal diseases caused by bacteria resistant to antimicrobials: cattle (2021)

In this opinion, the antimicrobial resistant bacteria responsible for transmissible diseases that constitute a threat to the health of cattle have been assessed. The assessment has been performed following a methodology based on information collected by an extensive literature review and expert judgement. Details of the methodology used for this assessment are explained in a separate opinion. A global state of play on antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (non-VTEC)<i>, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni, Mycoplasma bovis, Moraxella bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum</i> and <i>Trueperella pyogenes</i> is provided. Among those bacteria, EFSA identified <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> with ≥ 66% certainty as being the most relevant antimicrobial resistant bacteria in cattle in the EU based on the available evidence. The animal health impact of these most relevant bacteria, as well as their eligibility for being listed and categorised within the animal health law framework will be assessed in separate scientific opinions.
Influence of mitochondrial protein synthesis inhibition on deafferentation?induced ultrastructural changes in nucleus magnocellularis of developing chicks (1996)

Following cochlea removal in developing chicks, about 30% of the neurons in the ipsilateral second-order auditory nucleus, nucleus magnocellularis, undergo cell death. Administration of chloramphenicol, a mitochondrial protein synthesis inhibitor, results in a pronounced increase in deafferentation-induced cell death. In this study, we examined whether the chloramphenicol enhancement of deafferentation-induced cell death reveals the same ultrastructural characteristics that are seen in degenerating nucleus magnocellularis neurons after cochlea removal alone. Unilateral cochlea removal was performed on anaesthetized posthatch chicks. One group of animals was simultaneously treated with chloramphenicol. Six, twelve, or twenty-four hours following cochlea removal, n. magnocellularis neurons were studied by routine transmission electron microscopy. Particular attention was paid to the integrity of the polyribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Two ultrastructurally different types of neuronal degeneration were observed in the deafferented nucleus magnocellularis neurons: an early onset electron-lucent type that always involved ribosomal dissociation and a late-onset electron-dense type displaying nuclear pyknosis and severely damaged mitochondria. The percentage of nucleus magnocellularis neurons displaying ribosomal disintegration following cochlea removal was found to be markedly increased after chloramphenicol treatment. This finding suggests that mitochondrial function is important for the maintenance of a functional protein synthesis apparatus following deafferentation.
An integral design and manufacturing concept for crash resistant textile and long-fibre reinforced polypropylene structural components (2011)

For the design of crash resistant structures for automotive applications, mainly metallic materials are currently considered. However, the advanced specific energy absorption capacity and a high lightweight potential qualifies fiber and textile reinforced thermoplastic composites for such components. With a load adapted material design as well as an efficient manufacturing concept these properties can be exploited to a full extend. A seat pan is chosen as an exemplary structure to illustrate the four main aspects of the investigations: evaluation of glass fiber polypropylene composite configurations; development of a manufacturing and process chain; crash and impact experiments on structural level and numerical modelling strategy. Hybrid yarn based textiles, such as a commercially available 2/2-twill fabric and novel multi-layered flat bed weft-knitted fabrics have been considered to be combined with a long-fibre reinforced thermoplastic material (LFT, cutting length of 25 mm) for complexly loaded sections like ribbings. A special emphasis is set on a similar to mass-production manufacturing process. A fully automated integral hot pressing process has been developed, where an automated handling system places the conglomerate of extruded LFT-material and preheated hybrid yarn textile in a fast-stroke press, achieving process cycles of 45 s. Finally, the structural evaluation under crash loading conditions is compared against numerical results.
Pea choline kinase: purification, properties and isolation of a cDNA (2000)

Choline kinase has been partially purified from pea seedlings and its properties studied. Using sequence information from soya bean and other choline kinases, we have also isolated a cDNA encoding the enzyme. It encodes a protein of 343 amino acids (calculated molecular mass of 39785 Da), which shows 82% homology with the soya bean choline kinase. The protein has been expressed in Eschericiha coli with very good activity and high expression levels.
ChemInform Abstract: Methane Oxidation Over Palladium on Zirconia Prepared from Amorphous Pd1Zr3 Alloy (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Human Activin βA Gene IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL 5′ (1996)

On the basis of cDNA cloning, primer extension, and transfection experiments, we identified a novel 5′ exon of the human activin βA subunit gene, and found its enhancer and promoter regions as well as multiple transcription start sites. A series of deletion and mutation analyses of the enhancer sequences defined the 45-base pair core region (DR-1 core) containing two short elements with similarity to AP-1 (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate response element; TRE) and CREB/ATF (cyclic AMP response element; CRE) binding sites, both of which were necessary for full enhancer activity. Gel shift and antibody supershift assays using DR-1 core region revealed the formation of two specific DNA-protein complexes, one of which could be partially dissociated by a competing oligonucleotide containing a single copy of the consensus TRE, but the other of which contained neither CREB/ATF nor AP-1 as major components. Although 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and cAMP induced the activin enhancer/promoter-driven CAT activity, such drug induction was obscured when either the TRE- or CRE-like elements were mutated in the native promoter context. Our results demonstrate that the promoter and enhancer regions identified here are essential for maintaining the efficient promoter activity of the human activin βA subunit gene. On the basis of cDNA cloning, primer extension, and transfection experiments, we identified a novel 5′ exon of the human activin βA subunit gene, and found its enhancer and promoter regions as well as multiple transcription start sites. A series of deletion and mutation analyses of the enhancer sequences defined the 45-base pair core region (DR-1 core) containing two short elements with similarity to AP-1 (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate response element; TRE) and CREB/ATF (cyclic AMP response element; CRE) binding sites, both of which were necessary for full enhancer activity. Gel shift and antibody supershift assays using DR-1 core region revealed the formation of two specific DNA-protein complexes, one of which could be partially dissociated by a competing oligonucleotide containing a single copy of the consensus TRE, but the other of which contained neither CREB/ATF nor AP-1 as major components. Although 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and cAMP induced the activin enhancer/promoter-driven CAT activity, such drug induction was obscured when either the TRE- or CRE-like elements were mutated in the native promoter context. Our results demonstrate that the promoter and enhancer regions identified here are essential for maintaining the efficient promoter activity of the human activin βA subunit gene.
Involvement of MAP Kinase in Angiotensin II-Induced Phosphorylation and Intracellular Targeting of Neuronal AT1Receptors (1997)

MAP kinase stimulation is a key signaling event in the AT1 receptor (AT1R)-mediated chronic stimulation of tyrosine hydroxylase and norepinephrine transporter in brain neurons by angiotensin II (Ang II). In this study, we investigated the involvement of MAP kinase in AT1R phosphorylation to further our understanding of these persistent neuromodulatory actions of Ang II. Ang II caused a time-dependent phosphorylation of neuronal AT1R. This phosphorylation was associated with internalization and translocation of AT1R into the nucleus. MAP kinase also stimulated phosphorylation of neuronal AT1R. The conclusion that MAP kinase participates in neuronal AT1R phosphorylation and its targeting into the nucleus is supported further by the following. (1) MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation of AT1R was blocked by the AT1R antagonist losartan; (2) AT1R co-immunoprecipitated with MAP kinase; (3) MAP kinase-kinase inhibitor PD98059 attenuated Ang II-induced phosphorylation of AT1R; and (4) PD98059 blocked Ang II-induced nuclear translocation of AT1Rs. In summary, these observations demonstrate that Ang II-induced phosphorylation of AT1R is mediated by its activation of MAP kinase. A possible role of AT1R translocation into the nucleus on persistent neuromodulatory actions of Ang II has been discussed.
The outlier Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ATCC 9027 harbors a defective LasR quorum-sensing transcriptional regulator (2020)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections represent an important health problem that has been recognized by the World Health Organization as a research priority. A complex regulatory network called the quorum sensing (QS) regulates several P. aeruginosa virulence-related traits, including production of elastase, rhamnolipids and pyocyanin. The avirulent P. aeruginosa strain ATCC 9027 belongs to clade 3, which is the more distant phylogroup in relationship to the other four clades of this species. This strain does not produce QS-regulated virulence factors such as elastase and rhamnolipids when cultured in rich LB medium. We report here that ATCC 9027 harbors a defective LasR protein, presumably due to the presence of an aspartic acid in position 196 instead of a glutamic acid which is the amino acid present in this position in functional LasR proteins of the type strains PAO1 (clade 1) and PA7 (also belonging to clade 3), among others. In addition, we report that ATCC 9027 and PA7 strains present differences compared to the PAO1 strain in lasB which encodes elastase, and in the rhlR regulatory sequences that modify las-boxes, and that these mutations have a little effect in the expression of these genes by a functional LasR transcriptional regulator.
Hyperbolic ordinal embedding (2019)

Given ordinal relations such as the object i is more similar to j than k is to l, ordinal embedding is to embed these objects into a low-dimensional space with all ordinal constraints&#13;\npreserved. Although existing approaches have preserved ordinal relations in Euclidean&#13;\nspace, whether Euclidean space is compatible with true data structure is largely ignored,&#13;\nalthough it is essential to effective embedding. Since real data often exhibit hierarchical&#13;\nstructure, it is hard for Euclidean space approaches to achieve effective embeddings in low&#13;\ndimensionality, which incurs high computational complexity or overfitting. In this paper we&#13;\npropose a novel hyperbolic ordinal embedding (HOE) method to embed objects in hyperbolic space. Due to the hierarchy-friendly property of hyperbolic space, HOE can effectively&#13;\ncapture the hierarchy to achieve embeddings in an extremely low-dimensional space. We&#13;\nhave not only theoretically proved the superiority of hyperbolic space and the limitations&#13;\nof Euclidean space for embedding hierarchical data, but also experimentally demonstrated&#13;\nthat HOE significantly outperforms Euclidean-based methods.
1999 WHO/ISH Hypertension guidelines - highlights & ESH update (2002)

Kjeldsen, Sverre E.a; Erdine, Serapb; Farsang, Csabac; Sleight, Peterd; Mancia, Guiseppee Author Information
Photoluminescence, Electroluminescence, Lasing and Novel Characteristics in Photonic Crystal, Synthetic Opal, of Conducting Polymers, Polyacetylene Derivatives (1998)

Abstract Photoluminescence (PL) intensity and spectrum are strongly dependent on substituents of conducting polymers, such as polyacetylene derivatives. Intense PL and electroluminescence (EL) have been observed in di-substituted polyacetylene derivatives. Novel EL characteristics have also been found in EL devices with aligned conducting polymers and also of various electrode configurations. Spectral narrowing and lasing have been observed in conducting polymers with micro-ring structures and also in photonic crystals upon relatively low optical excitation.
Regulatory Th2 response induced following adoptive transfer of dendritic cells in prediabetic NOD mice (2002)

We previously demonstrated that immunotherapy with dendritic cells (DC) prevented diabetes development in prediabetic NOD mice and that this effect was optimal when using a stimulatory DC population generated from bone marrow cells cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4. In this study, we have investigated the mechanism by which GM-CSF- and IL-4-cultured DC prevent diabetes in prediabetic NOD mice. Histological analysis of pancreatic tissue from DC-treated mice revealed a reduction in the severity of insulitis compared to controls. Analysisof the T cell response in DC-treated mice suggested a general shift towards a Th2-dominated response, as determined by cytokine production following either concanavalin A or anti-TCR stimulation. Furthermore, sorted CD45RB(lo) CD25+ CD4+ T cells from the spleen of DC-treated mice produced high amounts of Th2 cytokines following anti-TCR stimulation, suggesting that these cells are responsible for the apparent Th2 shift. We conclude that DC therapy may have corrected the immunoregulatory defect in the NOD mouse, thus restoring a balance between pathogenic Th1 cells and protective Th2 cells.
Analysis of mechanical strain and temperature profiling in high-brightness parabolic bow-tie laser arrays (2006)

With the widespread use of laser diodes in modern industry there has been an increasing demand for high optical output power devices with good beam quality and, ideally, low production and packaging costs. Reliability and long lifetime are essential requirements since they determine the extent to which such sources will be utilised. The devices of interest here are arrays of parabolic bow-tie lasers which have been specially designed to achieve high power with high brightness without the need for re-growth or sophisticated device fabrication. This paper presents a comparative study on laser diode arrays to investigate the effects of scaling and device geometry on device operation, including degradation and ageing. Temperature profiles at the array facets have been obtained using a thermal imaging system. The HgCdTe-based detector operates in the 1-5.5<i>&#956;m</i> wavelength range. The results obtained indicate a smaller increase in temperature (2-5°C) in uncoupled arrays with respect to phase-coherent arrays and a considerable increase in temperature with increasing number of elements in the array. Such considerations are essential to properly manage thermal dissipation and improve the operational characteristics of such devices.
A 65ns CMOS DRAM with a twisted driveline sense amplifier (1987)

A 4Mb DRAM, measuring 6.38×17.38mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , using a double-well CMOS technology with a design rule of 0.8μm, will be reported. A twisted driveline sense amplifier and a multiple-phase drive sense circuit serves to enhance speed and reduce peak power supply current.
Design and Analysis of Math Function Based Controller Combined with Fuzzy Logic Applied to the Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle (2022)

The transition between the battery and ultracapacitor (UC) according to the driver requirements is the key obstacle that is related to the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) powered electric vehicles (EVs). In this effort, an innovative control scheme has been proposed, to switch the power sources corresponding to the vehicle dynamics. An MFB controller is considered with 4- math functions and programmed independently. Thereafter, a new hybrid controller has been formed by joining the designed MFB controller with an artificial neural network (ANN) to achieve the precise transition between battery and UC. The battery gets charged from the photovoltaic (PV) panel corresponding to the irradiance and temperature availability. The charging and discharging periods of battery mainly depending upon the control switches (CS) present in the circuit. From those two controllers, ANN generates required switching pulses whereas the MFB controller regulates the pulse depending upon the speed of the motor. Finally, the combination of MFB with ANN controller produces the required pulse signals to switches present in unidirectional (UDC) and bidirectional converter (BDC) related to the speed of the motor. The MATLAB/Simulink model of the system is done in four modes with different loads, and all results are discussed in the simulation and results section.
The Role of Electrolyte in Lesion Size Using an Irrigated Radiofrequency Electrode (1997)

Multiple attempts have been made to eliminate atrial fibrillation by performing the surgical maze procedure with radiofrequency energy. Currently, this is limited because of the risk of atrial perforation and the lack of transmural penetration. Saline irrigation has been investigated as a method of radiofrequency cautery tip cooling to prevent rapid temperature and impedance rises, which have been shown to lead to perforation or decreased radiofrequency penetration after eschar formation. There are few data on the influence that different types of electrolyte irrigation solutions have on lesion depth. Using a novel hollow cautery pen, we infused either an electrolyte solution (0.9%, 3%, 14.6%, or 23.4% sodium chloride), a nonelectrolyte solution (1.5% glycine), or no irrigation to produce 819 lesions on 14 left ventricles in swine using radiofrequency energy (450+/-10 kHz) applied at two output settings (20 and 75 watts). The nonelectrolyte solution increased lesion depth compared with no infusion at 20 watts but produced shallower lesion depths compared with electrolyte solutions at 75 watts. Compared with the other electrolyte solutions, the 0.9% sodium chloride solution produced the deepest lesions (3.34+/-0.06 mm) at 75 watts (p < 0.001). As the concentration of electrolyte increased, lesion depth decreased unless generator output increased. Formation of eschar and tissue destruction was seen in the noninfusion and nonelectrolyte groups but not in the electrolyte group. A conductive media coupled with radiofrequency energy allowed for greater lesion depth than irrigated cooling with a nonelectrolyte solution or no irrigation. There was an inverse relationship between electrolyte concentration and lesion depth. We conclude that the concentration of electrolyte irrigant is an important consideration when choosing a solution to improve transmural penetration and decrease the risk of tissue destruction from radiofrequency energy.