gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Enhanced Random Access With Distributed Pilot Orthogonalization for Cellular IoT Networks (2019)

In this paper, we propose an enhanced random access (RA) with a distributed pilot orthogonalization (ERA-DPO) for mitigating packet collisions in Step3 during the RA procedure in cellular internet-of-things (IoT) networks. Even though each IoT device experiences a preamble collision in Step1, it can avoid the packet collision in Step3 by differentiating uplink pilot with the proposed technique, which provides an opportunity for the collided packets to be separated in spatial domain by multiple receive antennas. We also mathematically analyze the performance of the proposed scheme in terms of packet collision probability, throughput, and resource efficiency, based on a Markov chain model. Simulation results reveal that the proposed scheme significantly reduces the packet collision probability and increases resource efficiency compared to the conventional scheme.
Association of Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Metabolites With Mortality in Older Adults (2022)

In this cohort study, plasma concentrations of TMAO and related metabolites were positively associated with risk of death. These findings suggest that circulating TMAO is an important novel risk factor associated with death among older adults.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Cyano‐y‐lactones by Photoinduced Electron Transfer‐Catalyzed Oxidation of α‐Hydroxyalkylsilanes in the Presence of α‐Cyano Acrylates. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[Effects of sodium butyrate on proliferation and differentiation of human gastric carcinoma cell line AGS]. (2008)

NaBT could induce G1 arrest and inhibit cell proliferation in AGS cells by up-regulating the expression of p21. This could reverse the malignant phenotype of AGS to some extents.
A Graph Neural Network Approach for Scalable Wireless Power Control (2019)

Deep neural networks have recently emerged as a disruptive technology to solve NP-hard wireless resource allocation problems in a real-time manner. However, the adopted neural network structures, e.g., multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and convolutional neural network (CNN), are inherited from deep learning for image processing tasks, and thus are not tailored to problems in wireless networks. In particular, the performance of these methods deteriorates dramatically when the wireless network size becomes large. In this paper, we propose to utilize graph neural networks (GNNs) to develop scalable methods for solving the power control problem in K-user interference channels. Specifically, a K-user interference channel is first modeled as a complete graph, where the quantitative information of wireless channels is incorporated as the features of the graph. We then propose an interference graph convolutional neural network (IGCNet) to learn the optimal power control in an unsupervised manner. It is shown that one- layer IGCNet is a universal approximator to continuous set functions, which well matches the permutation invariance property of interference channels and it is robust to imperfect channel state information (CSI). Extensive simulations will show that the proposed IGCNet outperforms existing methods and achieves significant speedup over the classic algorithm for power control, namely, WMMSE.
Antioxidant and antiglycation properties of different solvent extracts from Chinese olive ( Canarium album L.) fruit (2015)

Chinese olive fruit could be a natural candidate for studies of dietary complement to diabetes treatment since it combines antioxidant and antiglycation activities.
Photosynthesis in the Higher Plant Vicia faba (1972)

Abstract The photosynthetic generation of formate from 14CO2 and an anomalous isotope distribution in the acetate fragment of citrate (i.e. citrate C-1,2) are not compatible with the singular functioning of the Calvin cycle and related processes in the higher plant Vicia faba. Studies of other higher plants have shown that alanine is metabolically related to 3-phosphoglyceric acid by a distinctive isotope distribution in which C1 ≥ C2 = C3; the reasonable assumption has been that these 3-carbon metabolites constitute the major precursors of the tricarboxylic acid cycle during photosynthesis. Inhibitor studies, kinetic studies, and labeled formate assimilation studies demonstrate that formate, rather than alanine, is the precursor carbon source of the methylene carbon atom of acetate; serine is tentatively proposed to be the key 3-carbon precursor of the organic acids. Evidence for a direct reduction of CO2 to formate is based upon (a) the seasonal fixation of as much as 65% of the 14CO2 into formate under arsenite-inhibited conditions of photosynthesis; (b) the specific and mutual competition between CO2 and formate for assimilation; (c) the predominant refixation of respiratory 14CO2 from [U-14C]glutamate or [1,5-14C]citrate into formate as opposed to Calvin cycle refixation; (d) the observation that Calvin-type CO2 fixation but not formate synthesis is inhibited by arsenate or arsenite. A mechanism of de novo formate synthesis is postulated, and a function of formate utilization for the synthesis of organic acids in this higher plant is proposed.
Progress Towards a New Model Chemolithoautotrophic Host (CRADA Final Report) (2021)

Some of the largest scale chemical processes for the production of important commodity chemicals and fuels involve an H2-containing gas mixture as an intermediate [e.g. ammonia, urea, methanol, Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) diesel, and hydrotreatment of crude petroleum to refined fuels]. The successful development of a model H2-oxidizing chemoautotrophic host could expand the range of fuels and chemicals produced from H2 and CO2 intermediates in the chemical, oil, and gas sectors in the near term, as well as from renewable and waste-derived sources of these gases that are expected to greatly expand in coming years. Among non-photosynthetic bacteria that can utilize H2 and CO2, Cupriavidus necator (C. necator, formerly Ralstonia eutropha), is the best studied. C. necator is an excellent microbial host for the production of a variety of chemicals because it grows extremely quickly to very high cell densities autotrophically on H2 and CO2, is genetically tractable, and has the ability to accumulate polymers, such as polyhydroxybutyrate, at industrial levels. Despite having great potential as a platform bioproduction host, genetic tools are limited, making metabolic engineering of this organism slow and laborious. In this CRADA project, we developed a number of genetic tools for C. necator: 1) Improvement of C. necator genetic transformation efficiency 2) Integration of heterologous genes into the C. necator chromosome and development of promoter library 3) Development of graded RBSs to control heterologous protein expression 4) Use of RBSs to demonstrate fatty alcohol production in C. necator 5) Demonstration of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in C. necator
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings Going Green — In Water at Room Temperature (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Use of CO2 Fractional Photothermolysis for the Treatment of Burn Scars (2015)

A recent advancement in the treatment of burn scars has been the use of the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser to perform fractional photothermolysis. In this analysis, we describe our results and patient-reported outcomes with the use of fractional CO2 laser for the treatment of burn-related scarring. We performed a retrospective study of all patients who underwent CO2 laser procedures for treatment of symptomatic burn scars and skin grafts at one accredited regional burn center. Burn injury and laser treatment demographics, as well as complications, are reported. A questionnaire was administered to all patients and included patient-reported outcome measures aimed at understanding the patient experience and their subjective response to treatment. A total of 387 CO2 laser procedures were performed on 131 patients for the treatment of symptomatic burn scars and skin grafts between October 1, 2011, and May 1, 2014 (average, 2.95 procedures/patient; range, 1-11). Average time between injury and first laser was 597.35 days (range, 60-13,475). Average time between laser treatments (when multiple) was 117.73 days (range, 22-514). There were no infections requiring treatment with oral antibiotics. Overall patient satisfaction with laser therapy was 96.7%. Patients reported reductions in neuropathic pain, tightness (contracture), and pruritus (54.0, 50.6, and 49.0%, respectively). Fractional photothermolysis utilizing the CO2 laser is a safe and effective modality for the treatment of symptomatic burn scars, donor sites, and skin grafts. Patient satisfaction with this procedure is high, and complications are low. Significant improvements in scar appearance, pliability, tightness, neuropathic pain, and pruritus were commonly reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective C—H Activation of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons under Phase‐Transfer Conditions. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
c-Kit Expression is Rate-Limiting for Stem Cell Factor-Mediated Disease Progression in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Salivary Glands (2014)

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive malignant neoplasm of the salivary glands in which c-Kit is overexpressed and activated, although the mechanism for this is as yet unclear. We analyzed 27 sporadic ACC tumor specimens to examine the biologic and clinical significance of c-Kit activation. Mutational analysis revealed expression of wild-type c-Kit in all, eliminating gene mutation as a cause of activation. Because stem cell factor (SCF) is c-Kit's sole ligand, we analyzed its expression in the tumor cells and their environment. Immunohistochemistry revealed its presence in c-Kit-positive tumor cells, suggesting an activation of autocrine signaling. We observed a significant induction of ERK1/2 in the cells. SCF staining was also found in other types of non-cancerous cells adjacent to tumors within salivary glands, including stromal fibroblasts, neutrophils, peripheral nerve, skeletal muscle, vascular endothelial cells, mucous acinar cells, and intercalated ducts. Quantitative PCR showed that the top quartile of c-Kit mRNA expression distinguished ACCs from normal salivary tissues and was cross-correlated with short-term poor prognosis. Expression levels of SCF and c-Kit were highly correlated in the cases with perineural invasion. These observations suggest that c-Kit is potentially activated by receptor dimerization upon stimulation by SCF in ACC, and that the highest quartile of c-Kit mRNA expression could be a predictor of poor prognosis. Our findings may support an avenue for c-Kit-targeted therapy to improve disease control in ACC patients harboring the top quartile of c-Kit mRNA expression.
DARPP Chocolate: A Caffeinated Morsel of Striatal Signaling (2003)

The psychomotor stimulant effects of caffeine, the most widely consumed psychoactive substance, are mediated through its antagonism of extracellular adenosine receptors in the basal ganglia. In the absence of caffeine, adenosine stimulates inhibitory striatopallidal neurons that suppress motor activity by binding to A2A receptors, thereby activating a cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and protein kinase A signaling pathway. Bastia and Schwarzschild discuss recent research implicating DARRP-32 (dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32 kilodaltons) as an attractive mediator of the sustained psychomotor stimulant effect seen with low doses of caffeine. They highlight the role of postsynaptic A2A receptor blockade, but leave open the possibility that antagonism of presynaptic or postsynaptic A1 receptors also contributes to DARPP-32-dependent psychomotor stimulation by caffeine.
HIGHER SPEED LIMITS MAY SAVE LIVES. (1995)

Prior evaluation of the new 65 mph speed limits measured only the local effects of the change. The author measured the systemwide effects, and found that statewide fatality rates fell by 3.4 to 5.1 percent in the group of states that adopted the 65 mph limit. Whatever cause the original safety effect in the 1970s, had, however, lost its force by the mid-1980s. Drivers were increasingly avoiding the speed limit by using radar detectors, using alternative routes, and speeding out of range of patrol cars. Given these conditions, the new 65 mph speed limit freed highway patrols to shift resources from speed enforcement on the Interstates to other safety activities and to other highways. It also reallocated traffic by making the safer Interstate Highways more attractive.
Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes Catalyzed by Molybdenum Sulphide Clusters (2016)

Abstract Herein, we describe an atom efficient and general protocol for the chemoselective hydrogenation of nitroarenes to anilines catalyzed by well‐defined diimino and diamino cubane‐type Mo 3 S 4 clusters. The novel diimino [Mo 3 S 4 Cl 3 (dnbpy) 3 ] + ([ 5 ] + ) (dnbpy=4,4′‐dinonyl‐2,2′‐dipyridyl, L1 ) trinuclear complex was synthesized in high yields by simple ligand substitution reactions starting from the thiourea (tu) [Mo 3 S 4 (tu) 8 (H 2 O)]Cl 4 ⋅ 4 H 2 O ( 3 ) precursor. This strategy has also been successfully adapted for the isolation of the diamino [Mo 3 S 4 Cl 3 (dmen) 3 ](BF 4 ) ([ 6 ](BF 4 )), (dmen= N , N ′‐dimethylethylenediamine) salt. Applying these catalysts, high selectivity in the hydrogenation of functionalized nitroarenes has been accomplished. Over thirty anilines bearing synthetically functional groups have been synthesized in 70 to 99 % yield. Notably, the integrity of the cluster core is preserved during catalysis. Based on kinetic studies on the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and other potential reaction intermediates, the direct reduction to aniline is the preferential route.
Aviditätsbestimmung in der Epstein-Barr-Virus-Diagnostik - ein Vergleich von Immunfluoreszenztest und ELISA (1996)

Article Aviditätsbestimmung in der Epstein-Barr-Virus-Diagnostik - ein Vergleich von Immunfluoreszenztest und ELISA was published on January 1, 1996 in the journal Journal of Laboratory Medicine (volume 20, issue 12).
The Interleukin‐1β +3953 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Cervical Protein Concentration and Preterm Delivery Risk (2006)

Cervical fluid concentrations of IL-1beta were elevated in symptomatic women destined to have a spontaneous PTD. The gene dosage of maternal IL-1beta +3953 allele 2 was associated neither with increased cervical fluid concentrations of IL-1beta nor with risk of PTD.
EXPLOITING BIT–SLICE INACTIVITIES FOR REDUCING ENERGY REQUIREMENTS OF SUPERSCALAR PROCESSORS* (1910)

We show by simulating the execution of SPEC 95 benchmarks on a detailed register--level, cycle by cycle simulator for a superscalar CPU that about half of the bytes of operands flowing on the datapath, particularly the leading bytes, are all zeros. Furthermore, a significant number of the bits within the non--zero part of the data flowing on the various paths within the processor do not change from their prior value. These two facts, attesting to the lack of a high level of entropy in the data streams, can be exploited to reduce power dissipation within a typical superscalar datapath. Power savings are achieved within all explicit and implicit storage components such as caches, register files, instruction dispatch buffers, re--order buffers, as well as interconnections such as buses and direct links. Relevant circuit components for encoding zero bytes within storage components and interconnections and avoiding the driving of bit lines that do not change in value are also presented. Preliminary results showing power savings in representative datpath components are quite encouraging. 1.
Intelligent System for Human Behavior Analysis and Reasoning Following Large-Scale Disasters (2013)

By mining "big GPS records" of 1.6 million users, an intelligent system automatically discovers, analyzes, and simulates population evacuations during the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident.
Metabolic Engineering of the Chloroplast Genome Using the Echerichia coli ubiC Gene Reveals That Chorismate Is a Readily Abundant Plant Precursor for p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid Biosynthesis (2004)

p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (pHBA) is the major monomer in liquid crystal polymers. In this study, the Escherichia coli ubiC gene that codes for chorismate pyruvate-lyase (CPL) was integrated into the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) chloroplast genome under the control of the light-regulated psbA 5' untranslated region. CPL catalyzes the direct conversion of chorismate, an important branch point intermediate in the shikimate pathway that is exclusively synthesized in plastids, to pHBA and pyruvate. The leaf content of pHBA glucose conjugates in fully mature T1 plants exposed to continuous light (total pooled material) varied between 13% and 18% dry weight, while the oldest leaves had levels as high as 26.5% dry weight. The latter value is 50-fold higher than the best value reported for nuclear-transformed tobacco plants expressing a chloroplast-targeted version of CPL. Despite the massive diversion of chorismate to pHBA, the plastid-transformed plants and control plants were indistinguishable. The highest CPL enzyme activity in pooled leaf material from adult T1 plants was 50,783 pkat/mg of protein, which is equivalent to approximately 35% of the total soluble protein and approximately 250 times higher than the highest reported value for nuclear transformation. These experiments demonstrate that the current limitation for pHBA production in nuclear-transformed plants is CPL enzyme activity, and that the process becomes substrate-limited only when the enzyme is present at very high levels in the compartment of interest, such as the case with plastid transformation. Integration of CPL into the chloroplast genome provides a dramatic demonstration of the high-flux potential of the shikimate pathway for chorismate biosynthesis, and could prove to be a cost-effective route to pHBA. Moreover, exploiting this strategy to create an artificial metabolic sink for chorismate could provide new insight on regulation of the plant shikimate pathway and its complex interactions with downstream branches of secondary metabolism, which is currently poorly understood.
Introduction to Peptide Synthesis (2002)

This overview presents a review of classical and current solid-phase peptide synthesis techniques. Peptide synthesis has become a more practical part of present-day scientific research following the advent of solid-phase techniques, and has practical commercial and scientific implications. This unit provides information on solid-phase peptide-synthesis methodology, offering descriptions of different supports, coupling reagents, and practical approaches to the synthesis of modified residues and structures. It also presents information concerning protein synthesis and the purification and analysis of synthetic peptides. This methodology has great implications for the design of synthetic peptides to serve in antibody production.
Preparation of Micron‐Sized Li4Ti5 O 12 and Its Electrochemistry in Polyacrylonitrile Electrolyte‐Based Lithium Cells (1998)

Micron-sized Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 was prepared in a single-step solid-state reaction involving TiO 2 and Li 2 CO 3 , and its electrochemical behavior was evaluated in Li and Li-ion cells containing a polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based solid polymer electrolyte. The usefulness of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 was demonstrated for three distinctive applications: (i) cathode of a 1.5 V rechargeable Li battery, (ii) auxiliary electrode for investigating the electrochemistry of Li insertion cathode materials, and (iii) anode of a Li-ion cell in conjunction with a high voltage cathode, e.g., cubic spinel LiMn 2 O 4 . The micron-sized Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 exhibited a capacity of 160 mAh/g at C/20-C/30 rates which is about 7% better than the capacity exhibited by this material prepared according to a previously published procedure. More importantly, the micron-sized oxide showed significantly better high rate capability, yielding 25-50% larger capacity at the 3C to 8C rates. Li/solid polymer electrolyte//Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 cells underwent extended, ull-depth, charge/discharge cycling at≥1C rates with virtually no capacity fade. The auxiliary electrode concept was demonstrated in Li (4+x) Ti 5 O 12 (x∼ 1.2)//solid polymer electrolyte//LiMn 2 O 4 cells. At a 1C discharge rate, more than 150 cycles were demonstrate in these cells with a capacity fade rate of about 0.1% per cycle and an end utilization of ∼90 mAh/g for spinel LiMn 2 O 4 . Balanced Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 //solid polymer electrolyte//LiMn 2 O 4 cells of slightly cathode-limited configuration showed full-depth extended cycling capability at a utilization of ∼90 mAh/g for LiMn 2 O 4 at 1C rate and a capacity fade rate of about 0.08% per cycle. The capacity fade in the LiMn 2 O 4 -containing cells appears to come from this cathode. When fully packaged, specific energy of the Li//PAN electrolyte//Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 cell would be about 57 Wh/kg and that of the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 //PAN electrolyte//LiMn 2 O 4 cell is about 60 Wh/kg.
Selective Binding of Mannose-Encapsulated Gold Nanoparticles to Type 1 Pili in Escherichia coli (2002)

The synthesis, characterization and biological application of mannose encapsulated gold nanoparticles (m-AuNP) are reported. m-AuNP is well dispersed and very stable without aggregation in the media of broad ion strength and pH ranges. The selective binding of m-AuNP to the mannose adhesin FimH of bacterial type 1 pili is demonstrated using transmission electron microscopy. The competition assay with free mannose suggests that m-AuNP binds FimH better than free mannose does. This work demonstrates that carbohydrate attached nanoparticles can be used as an efficient affinity label and a multi-ligand carrier in a biological system.
Control of Human Placental Lactogen Secretion by Dopamine (1988)

Recent years have seen a blossoming of interest in placental neuroendocrinology with the identification within the placenta of most of the previously described hypothalamic and pituitary peptides. In many cases these peptides within the placenta have identical or very similar structures to their hypothalamo-pituitary counterparts. These hormones are thought to be important in several different functions during pregnancy, especially the growth of the fetus and the placenta and the alteration of the metabolic processes of the mother to direct essential nutrients such as oxygen and glucose to the fetus, and they may also be involved in the timing of birth.