gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Familial giant cell hepatitis associated with synthesis of 3 beta, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-and 3 beta,7 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-5-cholenoic acids. (1987)

Urinary bile acids from a 3-mo-old boy with cholestatic jaundice were analyzed by ion exchange chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This suggested the presence of labile sulfated cholenoic acids with an allylic hydroxyl group, a conclusion supported by analysis using fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS). The compounds detected by FAB-MS were separated by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. The sulfated bile acids could be solvolyzed in acidified tetrahydrofuran, and glycine conjugates were partially hydrolyzed by cholylglycine hydrolase. Following solvolysis, deconjugation, and methylation with diazomethane, the bile acids were identified by GC-MS of trimethylsilyl derivatives. The major bile acids in the urine were 3 beta,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5-cholenoic acid 3-sulfate, 3 beta,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5-cholenoic acid monosulfate, and their glycine conjugates. Chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid were undetectable in urine and plasma. The family pedigree suggested that abnormal bile acid synthesis was an autosomal recessive condition leading to cirrhosis in early childhood.
Supplementary Tables S1-S4 from Genome-Wide miRNA Analysis Identifies miR-188-3p as a Novel Prognostic Marker and Molecular Factor Involved in Colorectal Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Lists 4 Tables for Supplementary Information&lt;/p&gt;
Novel Combinatorial Regimen of Garcinol and Curcuminoids for Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) in Mice (2020)

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a chronic liver disease with a significant unmet clinical need. In this study, we examined the protective effects of Garcinia indica extract standardized to contain 20% w/w of Garcinol (GIE) and 95% Curcuminoids w/w from Curcuma longa (Curcuminoids) in a Stelic animal model (STAM) of NASH. The STAM mice developed steatosis, hepatocyte ballooning, and inflammation, which were significantly reduced by the combination of GIE and Curcuminoids, resulting in a lower NAFLD activity score. The treatment reduced fibrosis as observed by Sirius red staining, liver hydroxyproline content and mRNA levels of TGF- β and collagen in the liver. Immunostaining with alpha-smooth muscle actin (α SMA) revealed a significant reduction in hepatic stellate cells. Intriguingly, the combination regimen markedly decreased the mRNA levels of MCP1 and CRP and both mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α. NF-kB, reduced the hepatic and circulating FGF21 levels and altered the nonenzymatic (glutathione) and enzymatic antioxidant markers (Glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase). Our results suggest that the combination of GIE and Curcuminoids can reduce the severity of NASH by reducing steatosis, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The results suggest that the combinatorial regimen could be an effective supplement to prevent the progression of liver steatosis to inflammation and fibrosis in NASH.
Cell-Culture Test Methods (1983)

Description 13 papers present different techniques, application of techniques, and problems of cell culture test methods.
Growth of Neonatal Islet Transplants in the Spontaneously Diabetic BB/Wor Rat (1992)

We have previously shown that culture-isolated neonatal islets are able to survive both rejection and the recurrence of autoimmunity in the spontaneously diabetic BB/Wor rat. In trials designed to demonstrate the MHC restriction of the autoimmune response in this model, we discovered that neonatal islet grafts from diabetic BB rats appeared larger than grafts from nondiabetic controls. This study was undertaken to quantify the mass difference seen in this original study and to determine the characteristics of graft growth in more highly controlled trials. Grafts from diabetic animals in the original study were significantly larger than those from nondiabetic animals (81 +/- 36 vs. 238 +/- 216 micrograms, P = 0.01). These findings were supported by results from a second series of experiments, in which the mean growth index of grafts from diabetic animals was 7.25 +/- 4.91, whereas that from nondiabetic animals was 2.5 +/- 1.15 (P = 0.011). Three animals in this study were reversed of hyperglycemia: two had normal and one had a subdiabetic ip GTTs. These three rats received 97, 317, and 408 micrograms of islet tissue that increased in mass to 1790, 3270, and 4107 micrograms, respectively. Nuclear/total cell area percentages were the same in diabetic and nondiabetic grafts (P = 0.76), suggesting that the increase in mass was attributable primarily to proliferation rather than hypertrophy. Limited studies that use BrDU incorporation support this conclusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
BRD4 inhibition impairs DNA mismatch repair, induces mismatch repair mutation signatures and creates therapeutic vulnerability to immune checkpoint blockade in MMR-proficient tumors (2023)

We demonstrated that BRD4 inhibition suppressed expression of genes critical to MMR, dampened MMR, and increased dMMR mutation signatures both in vitro and in vivo, sensitizing pMMR tumors to ICB. Importantly, even in BRD4 inhibitors (BRD4i)-resistant tumor models, the effects of BRD4i on MMR function were maintained rendering tumors sensitive to ICB. Together, these data identified a strategy to induce dMMR in pMMR tumors and further, indicated that BRD4i sensitive and resistant tumors could benefit from immunotherapy.
Helicity content and tokamak applications of helicity (1986)

Magnetic helicity is approximately conserved by the turbulence associated with resistive instabilities of plasmas. To generalize the application of the concept of helicity, the helicity content of an arbitrary bounded region of space will be defined. The definition has the virtues that both the helicity content and its time derivative have simple expressions in terms of the poloidal and toroidal magnetic fluxes, the average toroidal loop voltage and the electric potential on the bounding surface, and the volume integral of E⋅B. The application of the helicity concept to tokamak plasmas is illustrated by a discussion of so-called MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) current drive, an example of a stable tokamak q profile with q less than 1 in the center, and a discussion of the possibility of a natural steady-state tokamak due to the bootstrap current coupling of tearing instabilities.
Accuracy in the recording of pressure ulcers and prevention after implementing an electronic health record in hospital care (2008)

The accuracy in pressure-ulcer recording improved in the EHR compared with the paper-based health record. However, there were still deficiencies, which mean that patient records did not serve as a valid source of information on pressure-ulcer prevalence and prevention.
A platelet protein biochip rapidly detects an Alzheimer’s disease-specific phenotype (2014)

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a multifactorial neurodegenerative condition caused by genetic and environmental factors, is diagnosed using neuropsychological tests and brain imaging; molecular diagnostics are not routinely applied. Studies have identified AD-specific cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers but sample collection requires invasive lumbar puncture. To identify AD-modulated proteins in easily accessible blood platelets, which share biochemical signatures with neurons, we compared platelet lysates from 62 AD, 24 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), 13 vascular dementia (VaD), and 12 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with those of 112 matched controls by fluorescence two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis in independent discovery and verification sets. The optimal sum score of four mass spectrometry (MS)-identified proteins yielded a sensitivity of 94 % and a specificity of 89 % (AUC = 0.969, 95 % CI = 0.944-0.994) to differentiate AD patients from healthy controls. To bridge the gap between bench and bedside, we developed a high-throughput multiplex protein biochip with great potential for routine AD screening. For convenience and speed of application, this array combines loading control-assisted protein quantification of monoamine oxidase B and tropomyosin 1 with protein-based genotyping for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apolipoprotein E and glutathione S-transferase omega 1 genes. Based on minimally invasive blood drawing, this innovative protein biochip enables identification of AD patients with an accuracy of 92 % in a single analytical step in less than 4 h.
Effects of Placing Training of Paretic Upper Arm on Reaching Pattern in Patient with Stroke: A Case Report (2019)

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of facilitating paretic arm through placing training in variety space with single case report. Method The subject was elderly men aged 55. The intervention was performed for 1hour per section, 13 times in total. The outcome measure was used 2D video analysis program (Dartfish ProSuite Express) for the angle of upper limb motion segment and measuring arm reach time with video analysis. In a supine position, a subject's arm was reached vertically with being opened wirst and finger by the therapist, and then maintaining the arm in space. This process was under the assistance of a therapist. Since then, resistance and task-oriented exercises were additionally implemented. Result In a supine position, the compensatory angle of shoulder joint abduction decreased and the supination of wrist joint increased. Improving supine position also helped improve arm functional movement in a sitting position. The angle of shoulder flexion was increased, and the compensatory angle of shoulder abduction was decreased. Also, the time it took to reach subject's arms 90 degrees from supine position was significantly reduced. Conclusion This study demonstrated placing training on reaching movement showed significant improvement in function of the affected upper limb reaching movement.
Two-axis leveling detector system (1972)

Electro-mechanical device for measuring tilt angles in order to establish level base without optical reference is described. Angular displacement is detected by movement of bubble in conducting fluid containing electrode network. Electrical signal causes compensation for small movements in horizontal and vertical planes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,3‐Diazaazulene Derivatives of Colchicinoids and Isocolchicinoids via ipso‐ or tele‐Substitution‐Condensation with Amidines. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Estimation of non-stationary region boundaries in EIT—state estimation approach (2001)

We propose a novel numerical approach to the non-stationary electrical impedance tomography (EIT) problem in the case of a piecewise constant conductivity distribution. The assumption is that the body Ω consists of disjoint regions with smooth boundaries and known values of the conductivity. In addition, the region boundaries are assumed to be non-stationary in the sense that they may exhibit significant changes during the acquisition of one traditional EIT frame. In the proposed method, the inverse problem is formulated as a state estimation problem. Within the state estimation formulation the shape representation of the region boundaries is considered as a stochastic process. The objective is to estimate a sequence of states for the time-varying region boundaries, given the temporal evolution model of the boundaries, the observation model and the data on ∂Ω. In the proposed method, the state estimates are computed using the extended Kalman filter. The implementation of the method is based on Fourier representation of the region boundaries and on the finite-element method. The performance of the method is evaluated using noisy synthetic data. In addition, the choice of the current injection strategy is discussed and it is found that the use of only a few principal current patterns may lead to substantially better results in non-stationary situations.
The Emerging Field of Medical Regulatory Technology and Data Science (2022)

Regulations contain rules setup by (governmental) authorities to control specific aspects of certain industries, which often influences the way companies operate [...]
Catalyst Nature and Frequency Effects on the Oligomerization of Methane via Microwave Heating (2003)

Microwave-induced oligomerization of methane has been extensively investigated for many years. Very important factors that control the oligomerization of methane were studied, including factors such as microwave frequency, time the materials are in the reaction zone, and nature of the catalysts. Activated carbon, iron, and nickel were tested for the activation of methane. Experiments were conducted at fixed frequencies of 2.4 and 4.6 GHz and at variable frequency over the range of 2−7 GHz with a sweep rate of 0.5 s. The power used for all experiments was 500 W. Changes in product distribution, because of changes in frequency, have been observed, most probably because of the different transient heating patterns that occur at different values of frequency. Oligomers ranging from C2s to C8s compounds were obtained, in which C2s compounds were the most abundant. Benzene was produced, with a selectivity of 28%.
Picosecond transient absorption of aqueous tryptophan (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPicosecond transient absorption of aqueous tryptophanHideki Kandori, Raymond F. Borkman, and Keitaro YoshiharaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 38, 9664–9667Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100140a022https://doi.org/10.1021/j100140a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views409Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A New Strategy to Minimize the Surfactant Adsorption on Saudi Carbonate (2022)

Abstract Surfactants play a vital role in chemical enhanced oil recovery (cEOR) to improve oil production by lowering the oil-water interfacial tension and/or altering the rock wettability. However, surfactant adsorption has been a great challenge. The quantity of surfactant loss by adsorption on a rock directly influences a cEOR project’s economics. Therefore, surfactant adsorption minimization is an important area of interest, which is investigated in this paper. Saudi carbonate rock (outcrop) was tested with a novel in-house synthesized cationic Gemini surfactant to quantify surfactant adsorption. This novel surfactant is compatible with high salinity and high-temperature environment. Rock characterization was performed first using XRD and SEM analyses, while the point of zero charge of Saudi carbonate was found using the pH drift method. Static adsorption tests were conducted using powdered rock sample and run for 24 hours to achieve the equilibration time. The material balance method was used to determine surfactant adsorption. High-performance liquid chromatography along with an evaporative light scattering detector was utilized to quantify the remaining surfactant concentration post-adsorption. Adsorption isotherm modeling was also performed to investigate the adsorption mechanism. Rock characterization results showed that Saudi carbonate contains mainly dolomite along with some impurities like quartz and clay minerals. The point of zero charge of Saudi carbonate determined using the pH drift method was around 10. The static adsorption tests were conducted on both pure and Saudi dolomites to investigate the influence of impurities. It was found that the presence of quartz and clay particles significantly impacts the degree of surfactant adsorption on Saudi carbonates. A high adsorption of the novel Gemini surfactant used was obtained on Saudi carbonate (8.2 mg/g-rock). A powerful chelating agent made from natural, biodegradable, and renewable material was added to the surfactant solution to check its impact. The surfactant adsorption was significantly decreased using low pH chelating agent (5.8 mg/g-rock). It is proposed that low pH chelating agent renders the overall rock surface more positive and results in electrostatic repulsion between like charges of rock and surfactant. Therefore, the addition of a small quantity of the investigated chelating agent to the surfactant solution helps in reducing the cationic Gemini surfactant adsorption on Saudi carbonate. This study reports a novel strategy to minimize surfactant adsorption on Saudi carbonate through the use of an environmentally friendly and low-cost chelating agent, which will help in designing future chemical EOR projects.
Spatially resolved mapping of disorder type and distribution in random systems using artificial neural network recognition (2011)

The spatial variability of the polarization dynamics in thin film ferroelectric capacitors was probed by recognition analysis of spatially resolved spectroscopic data. Switching spectroscopy piezoresponse force microscopy (SSPFM) was used to measure local hysteresis loops and map them on a two dimensional (2D) random-bond, random-field Ising model. A neural-network based recognition approach was utilized to analyze the hysteresis loops and their spatial variability. Strong variability is observed in the polarization dynamics around macroscopic cracks because of the modified local-elastic and electric-boundary conditions, with the most pronounced effect on the length scale of \ensuremath{\sim}100 nm away from the crack. The recognition approach developed here is universal and can potentially be applied for arbitrary macroscopic and spatially resolved data, including temperature- and field-dependent hysteresis, I-V curve mapping, electron microscopy electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) imaging, and many others.
Symptomatic and essential palatal tremor (1994)

Palatal tremor (brief, rhythmic involuntary movements of the soft palate) apparently comprises two different nosological entities: essential palatal tremor (EPT) and symptomatic palatal tremor (SPT). The site of the abnormality in EPT is unknown, whereas SPT is believed to arise from a lesion of the brainstem or cerebellum (within the Guillain-Mollaret triangle). The clinical and physiological properties of these conditions were studied in four patients with EPT and six patients with SPT. Patients with EPT had normal cerebellar function, but those with SPT had clinical signs of cerebellar dysfunction. The palatal movements were consistent with activation of the tensor veli palatini muscle in EPT and of the levator veli palatini muscle in SPT. During sleep, EPT stopped, whereas SPT continued with only slight variations in the tremor rate. The cycle of palatal tremor could not be reset by stimulation of trigeminal afferents in either EPT or SPT patients, and Valsalva's manoeuvre did not consistently affect the rhythm of the tremor in either group. The palatal tremor cycle exerted remote effects on the tonic electromyographic activity of the upper and lower extremities only in patients with SPT. These effects were present only on the side of the cerebellar signs (opposite the side with the enlarged inferior olive) in patients with a unilateral syndrome. Essential palatal tremor patients had only polysynaptic brainstem reflex abnormalities, whereas SPT patients had abnormalities of monosynaptic, oligosynaptic and polysynaptic brainstem reflexes. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no evidence of structural abnormalities in EPT patients, but SPT patients had a hyperdense signal of the ventral upper medulla (the region of the inferior olive) on T2-weighted images. These observations support the hypothesis that EPT and SPT are two different diseases. In SPT, cerebellar dysfunction ipsilateral to the palatal tremor may be due, in part, to abnormal function of the contralateral hypertrophic inferior olive. The proposed basis of SPT is a disturbance of electrotonic coupling between the cells of the inferior olive induced by a lesion of the dentato-olivary pathway. Similar mechanisms could be responsible for postural tremors in general. The pathophysiological basis of EPT remains unknown.
Artificial resting sites: An alternative sampling method for adult mosquitoes (2021)

Mosquito collections are commonly conducted with baited traps predominantly attracting host-seeking females. In contrast, resting sites are generally colonized by a broader range of the mosquito population, including a higher proportion of males and blood-engorged females. This study evaluates the sampling success of different artificial resting sites, attached to a deciduous or coniferous tree at different heights. As standard sampling method, carbon dioxide-baited Biogents Sentinel traps (BG traps) were operated in parallel. BG traps caught a higher number of specimens compared to the resting sites. However, the proportion of blood-engorged females and males was higher in resting sites. More Culiseta spp. specimens were collected in resting sites compared to BG traps, but less Aedes spp. specimens. In general, fewer specimens and species were recorded in small resting sites and at top height level compared to medium or large resting sites at medium or ground level. The proportion of males was highest at the ground, while the proportion of engorged females was highest at medium and top level. Due to the higher proportion of blood-engorged females, artificial resting sites are especially useful for studies of host-feeding patterns or xenosurveillance. Low costs and efforts allow a cost-effective increase of the number of resting sites per sampling site to collect more mosquitoes.
Passivation of ohmic contacts to GaAs (1985)

A film of silicon dioxide was used to passivate Au-Ge-Ni metallization during the alloying cycle. Ohmic contacts prepared in this way had smooth surfaces, better edge definition, and more uniform electrical characteristics. Also the time-temperature alloying cycle for fabricating suitable contacts was significantly broadened. These improvements are most likely due to the prevention of arsenic loss during the alloying procedure.