gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acute phase reactant in urine: Urinary trypsin inhibitor in cases of children's infectious diseases. (1994)

Urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) is a glycoprotein which is excreted in human urine, and an inhibitor to multiple enzymes. In recent years, UTI has been recognized to be one of acute phase reactants in cases of infection and so on, because the amount of UTI excreted in urine increases or decreases in concentration in parallel with those of serum CRP and/or erythrocyte sedimentation rate, etc. However, study on UTI so far in the area of pediatrics is rare, so, we examined in 66 cases of children suffering from infection.In this report, 13.6% of false negative cases were observed with respect to CRP. The amount of UTI was found to increase in the early days as serum CRP, and UTI moved to decrease in parallel with that of CRP when the diseases became getting well. Moreover, the ratio of UTI values between admission and discharge was proved almost equal to that of CRP.The results suggested the immunological assay of UTI is sensitive and useful to detect and monitor the course of infections as well as CRP. Because of less invasive method, that is, urine is sample, routine assay of UTI would be desired.
Efficacy and safety of ixekizumab in patients with plaque psoriasis across different degrees of disease severity: results from UNCOVER-2 and UNCOVER-3 (2018)

Ixekizumab demonstrated a high level of efficacy and had a consistent safety profile in patients with different baseline psoriasis severity levels.
Uncertainties and challenges in surgical and transcatheter tricuspid valve therapy: a state-of-the-art expert review (2019)

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a frequent and complex problem, commonly combined with left-sided heart disease, such as mitral regurgitation. Significant TR is associated with increased mortality if left untreated or recurrent after therapy. Tricuspid regurgitation was historically often disregarded and remained undertreated. Surgery is currently the only Class I Guideline recommended therapy for TR, in the form of annuloplasty, leaflet repair, or valve replacement. As growing experience of transcatheter therapy in structural heart disease, many dedicated transcatheter tricuspid repair or replacement devices, which mimic well-established surgical techniques, are currently under development. Nevertheless, many aspects of TR are little understood, including the disease process, surgical or interventional risk stratification, and predictors of successful therapy. The optimal treatment timing and the choice of proper surgical or interventional technique for significant TR remain to be elucidated. In this context, we aim to highlight the current evidence, underline major controversial issues in this field and present a future roadmap for TR therapy.
Letter to the Editor. Effect of facility costs in the treatment of neurosurgical patients using the Value Driven Outcome database (2018)

"Letter to the Editor. Effect of facility costs in the treatment of neurosurgical patients using the Value Driven Outcome database" published on 13 Jul 2018 by American Association of Neurological Surgeons.
Toward personalized cancer nanomedicine – past, present, and future (2012)

Tumors are composed of highly proliferate, migratory, invasive, and therapy-evading cells. These characteristics are conferred by an enormously complex landscape of genomic, (epi-)genetic, and proteomic aberrations. Recent efforts to comprehensively catalogue these reversible and irreversible modifications have began to identify molecular mechanisms that contribute to cancer pathophysiology, serve as novel therapeutic targets, and may constitute biomarkers for early diagnosis and prediction of therapy responses. With constantly evolving technologies that will ultimately enable a complete survey of cancer genomes, the challenges for discovery cancer science and drug development are daunting. Bioinformatic and functional studies must differentiate cancer-driving and -contributing mutations from mere bystanders or 'noise', and have to delineate their molecular mechanisms of action as a function of collaborating oncogenic and tumor suppressive signatures. In addition, the translation of these genomic discoveries into meaningful clinical endpoints requires the development of co-extinction strategies to therapeutically target multiple cancer genes, to robustly deliver therapeutics to tumor sites, and to enable widespread dissemination of therapies within tumor tissue. In this perspective, I will describe the most current paradigms to study and validate cancer gene function. I will highlight advances in the area of nanotechnology, in particular, the development of RNA interference (RNAi)-based platforms to more effectively deliver therapeutic agents to tumor sites, and to modulate critical cancer genes that are difficult to target using conventional small-molecule- or antibody-based approaches. I will conclude with an outlook on the deluge of challenges that genomic and bioengineering sciences must overcome to make the long-awaited era of personalized nano-medicine a clinical reality for cancer patients.
The role of routine nasolacrimal sac biopsy during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (2019)

4 Laryngoscope, 130:584-589, 2020.
EPIMERIZATION OF THYMIDINE DIPHOSPHATE GLUCOSE IN BACTERIAL EXTRACTS (1963)

Tinelli, Regina (Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo.), A. M. Michelson, and Jack L. Strominger. Epimerization of thymidine diphosphate glucose in bacterial extracts. J. Bacteriol. 86:246-251. 1963.-Extracts of Pasteurella pseudotuberculosis type IV and several other bacteria catalyzed the reversible interconversion of thymidine diphosphate (TDP)-d-glucose and TDP-d-galactose. Moreover, extracts of P. pseudotuberculosis catalyzed the synthesis of TDP-d-glucose from thymidine triphosphate and alpha-d-glucose-1-phosphate. The limitations of these observations and their possible significance are discussed.
Advanced High-Level Cache Management by Processor Access Information (2006)

In this paper, we propose an advanced high-level cache management policy based on the processor access information, named as L1VPAI (L1 plus Victim cache with Processor Access Information). The L1VPAI is a cache replacement policy that uses the frequency of the specific cache line. In this policy, conflicted lines in the L1 cache are placed selectively in the victim cache or the level 2 (L2) cache based on previous memory access patterns. In this manner, the L1VPAI policy can make the frequently used address of cache locations reside longer in the high-level caches. We simulate our policy with RSIM, the event-driven simulator, and analyze the simulation results. The simulation results show that the average execution time of the L1VPAI outperforms the simple victim cache (L1V) by up to 6.44%. Moreover, performance gain is expected to increase, in the case of multiprocessor systems.
Simulation of check-in at airports (2002)

The purpose of the paper is to describe: (a) why simulation is necessary to evaluate check-in, (b) a simulation toolbox for check-in counters and (c) two case studies for Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. First, it is discussed why queuing theory results are too limited but nevertheless useful to predict queuing times for check-in counters at airports. Next the necessity of simulation is emphasized and a special purpose simulation toolbox is presented. The toolbox is suitable for several purposes: (1) analyzing operational check-in rules (e.g. common instead of dedicated check-in; (2) overflow for economy class passengers to business class counters), performing capacity studies; (3) evaluating the operational planning of check-in counters; and (4) improving personnel planning. Two simulation studies are outlined that are conducted with the toolbox for Schiphol: one to evaluate operational check-in rules and one to determine the growth capacity of Schiphol with the current check-in facilities.
Ovulation: Parallels With Inflammatory Processes (2018)

The midcycle surge of LH sets in motion interconnected networks of signaling cascades to bring about rupture of the follicle and release of the oocyte during ovulation. Many mediators of these LH-induced signaling cascades are associated with inflammation, leading to the postulate that ovulation is similar to an inflammatory response. First responders to the LH surge are granulosa and theca cells, which produce steroids, prostaglandins, chemokines, and cytokines, which are also mediators of inflammatory processes. These mediators, in turn, activate both nonimmune ovarian cells as well as resident immune cells within the ovary; additional immune cells are also attracted to the ovary. Collectively, these cells regulate proteolytic pathways to reorganize the follicular stroma, disrupt the granulosa cell basal lamina, and facilitate invasion of vascular endothelial cells. LH-induced mediators initiate cumulus expansion and cumulus oocyte complex detachment, whereas the follicular apex undergoes extensive extracellular matrix remodeling and a loss of the surface epithelium. The remainder of the follicle undergoes rapid angiogenesis and functional differentiation of granulosa and theca cells. Ultimately, these functional and structural changes culminate in follicular rupture and oocyte release. Throughout the ovulatory process, the importance of inflammatory responses is highlighted by the commonalities and similarities between many of these events associated with ovulation and inflammation. However, ovulation includes processes that are distinct from inflammation, such as regulation of steroid action, oocyte maturation, and the eventual release of the oocyte. This review focuses on the commonalities between inflammatory responses and the process of ovulation.
A novel multiprocessor architecture for k-means clustering algorithm based on network-on-chip (2016)

The k-means clustering is one of the widely used algorithms in Data Mining and Machine Learning domains due to the simplicity, efficiency and scalability involved. The algorithm allocates N data-points or samples to k-clusters employing the minimum distances from respective cluster centroids. Distance calculation is intrinsically a computationally intensive task which is usually accelerated by using specific hardware platforms like Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and Graphic Processing Unit (GPUs) etc. Hardware implementations absolve k-means from these exhaustive computations by using the inherent parallelism of the k-means clustering technique. In this paper we propose a Multi-Processor based sequentially unfolded architecture for k-means clustering using N-tiles in a collaborative working environment. The tiles work independently in parallel and largely interchange data at the end of iteration. In proposed framework the exchange of data between titles is carried out using a Network-on-Chip (NoC) inter-connect to elevate communication bottleneck caused by concurrent working of tiles. The modularity of the proposed model permits scalability with respect to the number of working tiles. The performance evaluation of proposed architecture is done using Speed, Area and average Throughput.
CuInS2thin films grown sequentially from binary sulfides as compared to layers evaporated directly from the elements (2006)

CuInS2 thin films have been obtained by rapid thermal annealing at 350 °C of binary sulfide precursors evaporated at a substrate temperature lower than 200 °C. The structure, morphology, and chemical and optical properties of these samples have been analysed and compared to CuInS2 layers prepared directly by evaporation from the elements onto 350 °C heated substrates. X-ray diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements showed similar structure and chemical characteristics for the CuInS2 samples prepared by sequential and direct routes. Some differences in the optical absorption can be related to morphological variations observed by atomic force microscopy.
Endosperm tissue is good production platform for artificial recombinant proteins in transgenic rice (2006)

Transgenic rice plants expressing 7Crp peptide were generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The 7Crp peptide is the hybrid peptide of seven major human T-cell epitopes derived from Japanese cedar pollen allergens Cry j 1 and Cry j 2. When the 7Crp gene was expressed under the control of the rice AGPase large subunit or maize ubiquitin-1 promoters, it could only be detected in the endosperm of rice seed, although high levels of RNA transcript were observed in the leaf, stem, and seed embryo. It was demonstrated by confocal and electron microscopy analysis that the 7Crp peptide was mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum-derived protein bodies, designated protein body I (PB-I). Our results indicate that rice endosperm tissue has advantage over other tissues as a production platform for foreign recombinant proteins.
Composites Derived from Post-Consumer Nylon 6 Carpet (2003)

Over 2 million tons of post-consumer carpet is landfilled each year. This waste carpet is a potential resource for composites. This paper focuses on the processing and properties of nylon 6 post-consumer carpet. The carpet is cleaned, shredded and extrusion pelletized. This feedstock is compounded with glass fibers and compatibilizers. Based on the properties achieved and the projected costs, applications are identified.
Comparison of Temporary Epiphysiodesis With RigidTacks™ and Blount‐Staples in a Porcine Animal Model Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2019)

RigidTack™ is a newly developed implant for total temporary epiphyseodesis. The implant combines the technical advantages of the traditionally used rigid Blount-staples and the newer flexible eight-plates™. Thus, the implant is rigid like the Blount-staples, which may be a biomechanical advantage in temporary epiphyseodesis, and has an easy and guided implantation technique like the eight-plate™. As in eight-plates™, supposedly only two RigidTacks™ are sufficient for temporary epiphyseodesis compared to six Blount-staples in traditional treatment. The goal of this study was to compare Blount-staples and RigidTacks™ in regard to the total potential of growth arrest, the occurrence of postoperative implant-associated complications, secondary angular deformities, and central joint deformations. Twelve pigs were allocated in two groups (n = 6) for treatment of the proximal tibia. Total temporary epiphysiodesis was performed with either four Blount-staples or two RigidTacks™. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-scans were performed before and 14 weeks after surgery, and the amount and distribution of growth arrest were evaluated by measuring the interphyseal distance in nine defined zones. Total temporary epiphysiodesis with two RigidTacks™ resulted in a similar amount of growth arrest as that of four Blount-staples. No significant coronal or sagittal angular deformities or joint deformities were observed in either group; however, one secondary loosening of a Blount-staple occurred. The study concluded that Blount-staples and RigidTacks™ are adequate implants for total temporary epiphysiodesis. Whether or not the precise implant-placement through the guided implantation technique of RigidTacks™ and a reduced number of implants indeed lead to a reduction of secondary angular deformities has to be investigated in further clinical trials. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 38:946-953, 2020.
An introduction to forensic DNA analysis (1997)

TABLE OF CASE HISTORIES (SIDEBARS) To Catch a Cougar The Bungled Burglary (Or, the Burglar that Couldn't) Quintanilla The Czar's Bones (Or, What Difference a Base Pair?) A Case of Victim's Evidence (Or, One Bled and the Other Pled) Minisatellite Variable Repeat Analysis (MVR) The Simpson Saga The Case of the Disappearing Sperm (Or, Whose Type is it Anyway?) The Botanical Witness (Or, What the Seed Pod Saw) A Cold Hit in Minnesota (Or, the Database in Winter) The First RFLP Case (State of Florida v. Tommy Lee Andrews) INTRODUCTION THE NATURE OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE Science and the Law From Identification to Individualization Fingerprints and DNA Conventional Blood Typing THE COLLECTION AND PRESERVATION OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE Contamination Collection of Evidence Preservation of Evidence Evaluation of Evidence RFLP PCR A SHORT HISTORY OF DNA TYPING THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF DNA TYPING Why DNA? An Introduction to Human Genetics The Physical Basis of Heredity Alleles - Variations on a Theme Population Genetics An Introduction to the Molecular Biology of DNA Two Kinds of Variation Enzymes, the Workhorses of the Biological World AN OVERVIEW OF FORENSIC DNA TYPING SYSTEMS RFLP Analysis PCR Amplification HLA DQa/HLA DQA1 AmpliType (R) PM - Polymarker D1S80 Gender ID Mitochondrial DNA What Kinds of Samples Can Be Analyzed? How Much Sample Do You Need? PROCEDURES FOR FORENSIC DNA ANALYSIS Isolation of DNA Chelex Extraction Organic Extraction Differential Extraction Determining Quality and Quantity of DNA RFLP Analysis PCR Amplification Analysis of PCR Product Sequence of Polymorphisms Length Polymorphisms (D1S80, STRs, Gender ID) Automated Analysis Systems SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Determination of Similarity Evaluation of Results Frequency Estimate Calculations Population Substructure INTERPRETATION OF DNA TYPING RESULTS Complicating Factors System Specific Interpretational Issues DNA AND THE DATABASE QUALITY CONTROL AND REGULATION Certification and Accreditation TWGDAM NRC I and II NRC I NRC II Federal DNA Advisory Committee ADMISSIBILITY STANDARDS - SCIENCE ON TRIAL IN THE COURTROOM The Frye Standard and the Federal Rules of Evidence RFLP PCR The State of the Debate EPILOGUE - MOVING INTO THE NEXT MILLENNIUM GLOSSARY APPENDICES DNA - Some Key Phrases Slot Blot Yield Gel Digest Gel Product Gel Chromosomal Location of Some Forensic Loci Sample Frequency Calculation Guidelines for a Quality Assurance Program for DNA Analysis NRC I and NRC II Recommendations State Statutes and Legislation Regarding the Admissibility of DNA Evidence Statutes and Legislation Regarding Mandatory Submission of Blood Samples for DNA Identification Summary of DNA Decisions Reported Court Decisions on Forensic DNA Evidence Amicus Brief Presented to the Supreme Court of the State of California by the California Association of Criminalists Forensic Science Internet Resources INDEX
Enzymatic synthesis of terminal-functionalized polyesters by initiator method (1998)

Terminal-functionalized polyesters were synthesized by enzymatic ring-opening polymerization of lactones in the presence of a functional alcohol. The alcohol initiated the ring-opening polymerization of lactones using Candida antarctica lipase as catalyst to introduce the alcohol moiety at the polymer terminal (“initiator method”). Effects of the alcohol amount and monomer structure were examined with respect to the molecular weight of the polymer and the introduced ratio of the alcohol moiety by using 1-octanol initiator. ω-Unsaturated macromonomers were synthesized by using 5-hexen-1-ol or 5-hexyn-1-ol as initiator from 12-dodecanolide (DDL, 13-membered lactone), whereas the quantitative introduction of the alcohol was not achieved from ε-caprolactone (7-membered lactone). In the polymerization of DDL employing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as initiator, the methacryl group was quantitatively introduced at the polymer terminal to give the methacryltype polyester macromonomer.
Single-chip 1062 Mbaud CMOS transceiver for serial data communication (2002)

This work implements the media independent functions specified in the emerging ANSI fibre channel standard at 1062.5 Mbaud. Integrated onto a single CMOS chip are: two phase-locked loops (PLL) for clock generation and clock recovery, a selectable 1B or 2B parallel interface with corresponding multiplexer and demultiplexer for parallel-to-serial and serial-to-parallel conversion, word alignment logic for byte synchronization, 8B/l0B coder and decoder, and high-speed differential CMOS PECL drivers and receivers for the serial I/O. The chip measures 3.9/spl times/4.5 mm/sup 2/ with 100 I/O and dissipates 1.2 W at 1062 Mbaud with a 3.6 V supply. This design achieves higher-speed operation than previous CMOS work with similar integration, and lower power dissipation with higher integration than bipolar implementations at comparable speeds.
Nonlinear-optical properties of InAs/GaAs superlattice quantum wells (1990)

We have examined the nonlinear optical properties of InAs/GaAs superlattice quantum wells imbedded in a n-i-p-i structure. Measurements were made over a wide range of optical intensities from ≈100 mW/cm 2 to 1 kW/cm 2 . At the smallest intensities, optical nonlinearities are observed which arise from the screening of the built-in electric fields and the corresponding electroabsorption. These nonlinearities are very energy efficient; however, they saturate at a relatively small value (ΔT/T = 10%). At higher intensities, changes ΔT/T ≈ 50% or larger are observed due to state filling and saturation of the excitonic absorption resonance. These effects are similar to those observed in conventional quantum wells; however, the presence of the doped material causes a separation of electron and hole populations which lengthens photocarrier lifetimes and reduces the required intensities. All material in the structures, grown by molecular beam epitaxy, is GaAs (transparent at the wavelengths of interest) except for the quantum wells which are short period InAs/GaAs superlattices. The use of alternating InAs and GaAs layers to produce a region of smaller band-gap avoids the problem of alloy disordering arising from the use of an InGaAs ternary.
Management of dry flue gas desulfurization by-products in underground mines. Annual report, October 1993--September 1994 (1994)

Preliminary environmental risk assessment on the FGD by-products to be placed underground is virtually complete. The initial mixes for pneumatic and hydraulic placement have been selected and are being subject to TCLP, ASTM, and modified SLP shake tests as well as ASTM column leaching. Results of these analyses show that the individual coal combustion residues, and the residues mixes, are non-hazardous in character. Based on available information, including well logs obtained from Peabody Coal Company, a detailed study of the geology of the placement site was completed. The study shows that the disposal site in the abandoned underground mine workings at depths of between 325 and 375 feet are well below potable groundwater resources. This, coupled with the benign nature of the residues and residues mixtures, should alleviate any concern that the underground placement will have adverse effects on groundwater resources. Seven convergence stations were installed in the proposed underground placement area of the Peabody Coal Company No. 10 mine. Several sets of convergence data were obtained from the stations. A study of materials handling and transportation of coal combustion residues from the electric power plant to the injection site has been made. The study evaluated the economics of the transportation of coal combustion residues by pneumatic trucks, by pressure differential rail cars, and by SEEC, Inc. collapsible intermodal containers (CICs) for different annual handling rates and transport distances. The preliminary physico-chemical characteristics and engineering properties of various FBC fly ash-spent bed mixes have been determined, and long-term studies of these properties are continuing.