gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexural Behavior of MoSiBTiC Alloy Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing (2019)

This paper focuses on characterizing the flexural behavior of a TiC-added Mo-Si-B alloy (MoSiBTiC alloy), which is one of the promising ultra-high temperature materials for aerospace applications, fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM) using the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process. The specimens for flexure tests were prepared from the L-PBF-processed MoSiBTiC alloy blocks before and after hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1600 °C and 1700 °C. Four-point bending tests were carried out at room temperature, and the effect of HIP treatments on the mechanical response of the L-PBF-processed MoSiBTiC alloy was examined. The elastic moduli were determined by taking account of the difference in the tensile and compressive stress-strain behaviors. The L-PBF-processed MoSiBTiC alloy specimens exhibited different responses when loaded in tension and compression, and the HIP treatments tended to reduce the difference between the tensile and compressive Young’s moduli. In addition, the HIP conditions led to elastic and strength properties that were superior to the as-built specimen. The relationships between microstructure features and macroscale performance were discussed for the L-PBF-processed MoSiBTiC alloy in the as-built and HIP conditions.
A prophylactic hepatitis C virus vaccine: A distant peak still worth climbing (2014)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects an estimated more than 150 million people and is a leading cause of liver disease worldwide. The development of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) will markedly improve the outcome of antiviral treatment with cure of the majority of treated patients. However, several hurdles remain before HCV infection can be considered a menace of the past: High treatment costs will most likely result in absent or limited access in middle and low resource countries and will lead to selective use even in wealthier countries. The limited efficacy of current HCV screening programs leads to a majority of cases being undiagnosed or diagnosed at a late stage and DAAs will not cure virus-induced end-stage liver disease such as hepatocellular carcinoma. Certain patient subgroups may not respond or not be eligible for DAA-based treatment strategies. Finally, reinfection remains possible, making control of HCV infection in people with ongoing infection risk difficult. The unmet medical needs justify continued efforts to develop an effective vaccine, protecting from chronic HCV infection as a mean to impact the epidemic on a global scale. Recent progress in the understanding of virus-host interactions provides new perspectives for vaccine development, but many critical questions remain unanswered. In this review, we focus on what is known about the immune correlates of HCV control, highlight key mechanisms of viral evasion that pose challenges for vaccine development and suggest areas of further investigation that could enable a rational approach to vaccine design. Within this context we also discuss insights from recent HCV vaccination studies and what they suggest about the best way to go forward.
Evaluation of immature platelet fraction as a marker of dengue fever progression (2021)

IPF can be utilized as an early recovery indicator of platelets in patients with dengue and thrombocytopenia.
Effects of Oxygen Free Radicals on KATP Channel Activity in Mouse Cardiac Myocytes (2003)

Background and Objective:Oxygen-derived free radicals (OFRs), produced as myocardium is reperfused after ischemic injury, contribute to reversible and irreversible cellular injury. KATP channels, activated by ischemia, have been reported to participate in the arrhythmogenic response to acute myocardial ischemia. Therefore, we examined the effects of OFRs on the regulation of KATP channel activity. Materials and Methods: Isolated mice (ICR) hearts were perfused with Tyrode’s solution on a Langendorff apparatus. Single ventricular myocytes were isolated using enzymatic digestion with collagenase and protease. Single channel currents in the inside-out patch mode were recorded. OFRs were applied by mixing hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase. The currents were recorded in the patch membrane at a holding potential of -60 mV. Results:OFRs generated by 0.1 U/mL xanthine oxidase and 0.5 mM hypoxanthine had no effects on the activities of KATP channels before and after treatment with 200 μM ATP. OFRs generated with 0.2 U/mL xanthine oxidase and 1.0 mM hypoxanthine reactivated the channel activities which had been attenuated by 100 μM ATP. In the presence of 100 U/mL superoxide dismutase and 122 U/mL catalase, which are OFRs scavengers, OFRs did not affect the KATP channels activities. Conclusion:OFRs generated by the reaction of hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase increased the KATP channel activities in the inside-out patch. (Korean Circulation J 2003;33 (12):1140-1146)
BIOL 106.01: Elementary Medical Microbiology (2003)

Clinical Microbiology made ridiculously simple
Testes de germinação in vitro de sementes de Sida rhombifolia L. (2007)

A espécie Sida rhombifolia L. (guanxuma), utilizada na medicina popular, é amplamente encontrada no Brasil, no entanto apresenta freqüentemente alta desuniformidade de germinação in vitro, limitando estudos de valor medicinal e preservação. Este trabalho objetivou determinar um método eficiente para germinação in vitro de sementes nessa espécie medicinal. O experimento foi realizado no Departamento de Biologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria/RS. Os tratamentos utilizados para cada um dos substratos foram: escarificação mecânica das sementes feita manualmente com lixa fina; imersão em água a temperatura de 60o C, por cinco minutos, assepsia com hipoclorito de sódio a 6% e controle. Os métodos escarificação mecânica e imersão em água a temperatura de 60º C foram os mais eficientes para germinação das sementes, e não houve influencia dos diferentes substratos utilizados.
Emberger syndrome—Primary lymphedema with myelodysplasia: Report of seven new cases (2010)

Four reports have been published on an association between acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and primary lymphedema, with or without congenital deafness. We report seven new cases, including one extended family, confirming this entity as a genetic syndrome. The lymphedema typically presents in one or both lower limbs, before the hematological abnormalities, with onset between infancy and puberty and frequently affecting the genitalia. The AML is often preceded by pancytopenia or myelodysplasia with a high incidence of monosomy 7 in the bone marrow (five propositi and two relatives). Associated anomalies included hypotelorism, epicanthic folds, long tapering fingers and/or neck webbing (four patients), recurrent cellulitis in the affected limb (four patients), generalized warts (two patients), and congenital, high frequency sensorineural deafness (one patient). Children with lower limb and genital lymphedema should be screened for hematological abnormalities and immunodeficiency.
The incremental garbage collection of processes (1977)

This paper investigates some problems associated with an argument evaluation order that we call “future” order, which is different from both call-by-name and call-by-value, In call-by-future, each formal parameter of a function is bound to a separate process (called a “future”) dedicated to the evaluation of the corresponding argument. This mechanism allows the fully parallel evaluation of arguments to a function, and has been shown to augment the expressive power of a language.
Towards Global Optimization of Multiple ONU Placement in Hybrid Optical-Wireless Broadband Access Networks (2006)

We explore global optimizations- simulated annealing (SA) and hill-climbing (HC)-for placement of multiple optical network units (ONU) in a hybrid optical- wireless access network. We compare the performance of SA and HC with a greedy algorithm (greedy) and conclude that results from Greedy are quite comparable to those from SA and HC, but at much lower processing requirements.
L-cysteine capped ZnS:Mn quantum dots for room-temperature detection of dopamine with high sensitivity and selectivity (2016)

Dopamine (DA) is one of the most important catecholamine neurotransmitters of the human central nervous system, and is involved in many behavioral responses and brain functions. Below normal DA levels in biological fluids can lead to different neurodegenerative conditions. For excess DA levels, a failure in energy metabolism is indicated. In this study, a facile room-temperature phosphorescence sensor is developed to detect DA based on l-cysteine capped Mn doped ZnS quantum dots (l-cys ZnS:Mn QDs). The QDs display a prominent orange emission band peaking at ~598nm, which is strongly quenched upon addition of DA in alkaline medium. The sensor exhibits a linear working range of ~0.15-3.00μM, and a limit of detection of ~7.80nM. These results are explained in terms of a pH-dependent electron transfer process, in which the oxidized dopamine quinone functions as an efficient electron acceptor. The QDs-based sensor shows a high selectivity to DA over common interfering biomolecules (including some amino acids, ascorbic acid, chloride and glucose). The sensor has been successfully applied for the detection of DA in urine samples, yielding recoveries as high as 93%. Our findings indicate that our developed sensor exhibits high sensitivity and reproducibility to determine DA even in biological fluids where DA is at low levels, e.g., in the central nervous system, which is the usual clinical profile of a neurodegenerative disorder associated to the Parkinson's disease.
A 1-mm 50 k-Pixel IT CCD image sensor for miniature camera system (2000)

The world's smallest image sensor (1-mm 50 k-pixel interline CCD) has been developed. It features an extremely small pixel of 4/spl times/4 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ integration of a V/sub sub/ adjust circuit, and a packageless assembly of a chip provided microlens. The resultant chip size and the assembled device outer size are 1.1(H)/spl times/1.34(V) mm and 1.2(H)/spl times/1.5(V) mm, respectively.
Time To Care About Reputation: Re-viewing the Resonances and Regulation of Reputation (2013)

This dissertation examines reputation as a regulating force in online and offline relationships and transactions, arguing that reputation requires protection through the promulgation of new laws. Using John Locke’s “under-labourer” approach as its central method, this dissertation ultimately sets out a series of conclusions, which form a preliminary framework upon which appropriate reputation regulation might be built. Part I of this dissertation studies offers an interdisciplinary study of reputation. Chapter 1 examines the ways that reputation is created and maintained, the purposes for which it is used, and its role in risk management and trust. These understandings are then applied to reputation in process. Chapter 2 explores formal reputation systems and the ways in which user investments and desires become written into reputation such that multiple levels of “dominant” norms may be simultaneously operant. Chapter 3 shows this normative force also operating on social network sites, shaping identity performances. Finally, having established these intersections and the regulating power of norms upon reputation, the effect of such performances is examined in chapter 4, which identifies reputation’s gatekeeper role in offline and online spaces and the risks this can create when information is accessed or employed without an understanding of the norms which have shaped that information. Thus reputation is shown as a socially negotiated and co-created process which exerts an unseen hegemonic force, with dominant political, economic and ideological interests embedded in seemingly social norms. These norms are enforced via reputation, which takes on a gatekeeper role, regulating access to a variety of spaces, information, and economic opportunities. Part II begins with an examination of the current forms of legal and quasi-legal regulation of reputation that exist, ultimately finding that none of them is fully applicable to the complexity of reputation. Having established this complexity and shown that current approaches are inadequate, chapter 6 moves on to examine and then reject the neoliberal approach currently applied to these issues, finding its focus on individual responsibility to be inadequate and inappropriate, calling instead for a mode of regulation that understands reputation within its social context.
Amide as Terminal Groups: Synthesis and Properties as New Tolane‐Type Liquid Crystals (2015)

Abstract A series of novel tolane‐type liquid crystals with amide group as terminal group have been prepared. The terminal amide groups were modified, and the influence of these structural parameters on liquid crystal phases was investigated by polarizing optical microscope (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Three of these new compounds exhibit nematic phase, good thermal stabilities. In general, these liquid crystals with amide as end groups have high melting points and phase transition temperatures, which result from the hydrogen bonds. Based on theoretical calculations, these new molecules with strong electron donating amide as end group have narrower HOMO‐LUMO energy gap and higher dipole moment than tolane.
Short Communication: Persistence of HIV Antibody Avidity in the Presence of Antiretroviral Therapy (2016)

The effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the performance of HIV incidence assays have been well documented. To improve upon current assay approaches or focus the development of future assays, studies are needed to characterize the effects of ART on all candidate HIV incidence assays. In this study, we compared the performance of three antibody avidity-based HIV incidence assays, the Limiting Antigen (LAg), Bio-Rad Avidity, and HIV-1 Multiplex assays, using a well-defined cohort of recent HIV-1 seroconverters composed of ART-naive HIV-1-infected individuals and those who received ART early or delayed in the course of infection. Differences in the performance of all three avidity-based incidence assays were noted with study subjects who received ART. The LAg assay and Multiplex total antibody measurements (nMFI) exhibited similar kinetics in reactivity, as these assays tended to fluctuate with changes in viral load. In the early ART group, all seven subjects remained recent by both assays at time points >1 year postseroconversion, and assay values declined dramatically postdelayed ART initiation. In contrast, the two-well, antibody-dissociation avidity assays, Bio-Rad Avidity and Multiplex avidity index (AI) measurements, continued to mature in the early ART group, although blunted relative to the ART-naive group, and assay values remained stable after delayed ART initiation. In summary, although the HIV incidence assays evaluated in this study are all designed to measure antibody avidity, each assay is affected differently by ART-induced virus suppression, presumably because of the distinct assay formats and procedures for measuring avidity.
Propionibacterium acnes pleural empyema following medical thoracoscopy (2017)

Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a Gram-positive anaerobic rod and a common skin commensal that colonizes sebaceous glands. It has infrequently been associated with invasive opportunistic infections and can cause implant-associated infections through a biofilm mode of growth. Medical thoracoscopy is a common procedure for diagnosis and treatment of exudative pleural effusions; empyema is a recognized complication. We present a rare case of P. acnes pleural empyema 3 weeks following medical thoracoscopy and subsequent intercostal drain insertion for 3 days in a 75-year-old man. We postulate that pathogenesis may be associated with inoculation at the time of thoracoscopy or via biofilm formation on the intercostal drain. This case highlights the potential for this pathogen to cause clinically significant disease following thoracoscopy and pleural drainage.
Assessment of cardiac single‐photon emission computed tomography performance using a scanning linear observer (2012)

As the results show, a combination of the SLO and LROC/EROC curves can determine the configuration that yields the most relevant estimation/detection information. Thus, this is a useful method for assessing cardiac SPECT systems.
Detection of Insertion/Deletion (Indel) Events after Genome Targeting: Pros and Cons of the Available Methods (2018)

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
A Model for Multi-Input Mechanical Advantage in Origami-Based Mechanisms (2018)

Mechanical advantage is traditionally defined for single-input and single-output rigid-body mechanisms. A generalized approach for identifying single-output mechanical advantage for a multiple-input compliant mechanism, such as many origami-based mechanisms, would prove useful in predicting complex mechanism behavior. While origami-based mechanisms are capable of offering unique solutions to engineering problems, the design process of such mechanisms is complicated by the interaction of motion and forces. This paper presents a model of the mechanical advantage for multi-input compliant mechanisms and explores how modifying the parameters of a model affects their behavior. The model is used to predict the force-deflection behavior of an origami-based mechanism (Oriceps) and is verified with experimental data from magnetic actuation of the mechanism.
Development and Validation of the Functional Difficulties Questionnaire for Assessing Developmental Coordination Disorder in Adults (2012)

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the development and preliminary psychometric evaluation of the Functional Difficulties Questionnaire (FDQ-9), an instrument designed to aid clinicians in the assessment of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in adults. RELEVANCE: There are currently no tools to assess DCD in adults with musculoskeletal pain. DCD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by functional motor impairments described in childhood that, for some, persist into adulthood. Skill impairments in those with DCD include impaired perception and biomechanical dysfunction. METHODS: The questionnaire was developed utilizing existing questionnaires, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for the Diagnosis of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for the diagnosis of DCD, International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), and International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). An initial 13-item pool was reviewed by an expert panel for face and content validity. This resulted in a 9-item questionnaire that was piloted on 3 groups (n = 257): (1) individuals with joint hypermobility syndrome, (2) convenience samples from a commercial company, and (3) staff and students of a university. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to assess the underlying factor structure. Aspects of validity and reliability were assessed. RESULTS: Factor analysis using principal-axis factoring with oblimin rotation yielded 2 factors relating to fine and gross motor function. Overall internal reliability was high (á = .81). Preliminary findings suggested satisfactory construct validity and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.92, 0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Psychometric properties of this questionnaire appear promising, but further research is required to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire in new samples and audit its application in clinical practice. IMPLICATIONS: This questionnaire has the potential to aid clinicians in their assessment of DCD and functional impairments in adults and therefore contribute to improved care planning.
Ambulatory oxygen therapy, exercise, and survival with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (the Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial revisited). (2000)

The NOTT study showed improved survival in COT patients who received LTOT for longer periods (mean 17.7 h/d, median 19.4 h/d) from an ambulatory oxygen system, compared with the survival of NOT patients who received oxygen for a mean of 11.8 h/d from a stationary system. The differences in survival could have been due to the method or the duration of oxygen therapy, or both. An increase in cardiac output and increased oxygenation of the arterial blood (oxygen content) results in increased tissue oxygen transport. In addition, COT was associated with better survival and reduced hospitalizations, compared with NOT patients who were unable to increase their walking level.
Formation of mesostructured silica based on non-ionic interactions (2010)

Mesostructured silica is a material consisting of a silica matrix with an organization in the meso range of 2-50 nm. The silica matrix is most often amorphous while the organization, induced by a structure directing agent, may generate a long-range mesoorder. The main objective of this project has been to investigate syntheses of mesostructured silica using non-ionic block co-polymers as structure directing agent. The polymers used have a central poly(propylene oxide) segment surrounded on each side by a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) segment. Special emphasis has been directed towards the use of inorganic silica sources. The studies included in this thesis therefore focus on topics such as, the silica-PEO interaction, the condensation of silica in aqueous solution, development of a synthesis method of mesostructured silica based on an inorganic silica source, and the formation mechanism of mesostructured silica. These issues have all been important in order to obtain an improved understanding of the formation of mesostructured silica using non-ionic interactions.The focus towards inorganic silica sources resulted in the development of a new synthesis method for mesostructured silica based on a sodium silicate solution. The synthesis gives a stable colloidal suspension and it is shown that the particle size can be controlled by the electrolyte concentration of the solution. This was explained by the electrostatic interactions stabilizing the particles and that this stabilization is size dependent. The results presented in this thesis also demonstrate that the interaction between silica and PEO is dependent on the state of the silica species, referring to their size, molecular weight, and degree of condensation. This is explained by the dependence of the interaction on the possibility to form multiple bonds between the silica and PEO. The silica-PEO interaction is described by hydrogen bonding with an additional strong contribution from entropic effects. It is further shown that the silica source used as starting material in the syntheses of mesostructured silica is very important for the properties of the final material. This is mainly due to differences in the state of the silica in the various silica solutions used.
A Current Controller for Tunable Near Infrared Diode Laser (2000)

A semiconductor diode laser current controller is described for room temperature operation. A current limiting circuit has been introduced in the controller to avoid the breakdown of the diode laser at high current. The diode current can be modulated for frequency modulation of the source and can be tuned over small wavelength ranges. Using the controller the absorption of the weak overtone band transitions of C2 H2 around 788 nm have been observed using the lock-in detection technique with a path length of only 1.5m.