gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Robust Controller Design to Photovoltaic System Simulator (2010)

Abstract - Photovoltaic system simulator is under being developed for the performance test of Power conditioning system (PCS). The photovoltaic system simulator is required to emulate real system, which can be obtained by fast response controller. In this paper, we suggest a robust control method as a tool to design the simulator controller. The performance of the controller is determined by weighting functions, sensitivity function  , complementary sensitiviey function  , and a control signal shaping function   . Experimental results show that robust control method is promising for obtaining better performance of the photovoltaic system simulator.Key Words : Photovoltaic system simulator, Robust control*준 회 원 : 홍익대 전기정보제어학과 석사 †교신저자, 시니어회원 : 홍익대 전자전기공학부 교수․공박E-mail : yhchun@hongik.ac.kr 접수일자 : 2010년 1월 7일 최종완료 : 2010년 1월 18일 1. 서 론 국제 유가의 급등, 환경문제가 대두되고 있다. 이를 위한 해결책으로서 우리나라는 기존의 화석연료를 이용한 발전을 점진적으로 줄여나가며 신재생 에너지의 발전량을 증가시켜 나가는 계획을 하고 있다. 신재생 에너지원은 기존 계통에 문제를 발생시키지 않고 적절히 설치되어야 한다. 신재생 에너지의 태양광 발전에 대한 연구 중, 가장 활발하게 이루어지고 있는 연구는 태양광에너지를 전기에너지로의 변환부분이다. 이 연구의 핵심은 Power Conditioning System(이하 PCS)의 성능을 높이는 것에 있다. PCS는 태양전지에서 생산되는 직류전력을 교류전력으로 변환시키며 기존 계통과의 연계하면서 일어날 수 있는 사고들로부터 보호하기위한 장치이다. PCS의 제어 성능 및 보조기능의 평가는 실제 에너지원인 태양전지를 사용하기에는 운전 조건의 가변 등의 이유로 인해 불가능하다. 그렇기에 태양전지를 모의할 수 있는 시뮬레이터를 이용하게 된다.태양광 시뮬레이터는 태양전지 어레이의 전기적인 출력 특성을 일사량, 온도 등 자연조건의 변화를 제어입력의 변수로 하여 수학적인 모델을 구성하는 것으로서 통상은 컴퓨터에서 실행되는 연산프로그램이며 Off-line 시뮬레이터라고 불린다. 태양광 에너지원 시뮬레이터는 태양전지의 모델링을 구현하는 RTDS(Real Time Dynamic System)과 출력 증폭을 위한 DC Power Amplifier로 구성되어 있다. 시뮬레이터 기술의 핵심은 정확한 에너지원 기기의 모델링과 빠르고 안정적인 전력 증폭기 제어기술에 있다.본 논문은 태양광 발전시스템의 태양전지 어레이를 모의를 위한 시뮬레이터의 강인한 제어기 설계에 관해 논하겠다. 기존의 시뮬레이터들은 비례-적분 제어기를 적용하여 사용하고 있으나, 비례-적분 제어기가 가진 응답의 지연은 시뮬레이터의 동적인 특성의 완벽한 구형에 장애가 있으므로 이를 해결하기 위해 보다 빠르고 안정적인 제어기법이 필요하다. 본 논문은 강인성을 지닌 제어기법인 
The neurobiology of wellness: 1H-MRS correlates of agency, flexibility and neuroaffective reserves in healthy young adults (2020)

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<sup>1</sup>H-MRS) is a noninvasive imaging technique that measures the concentration of metabolites in defined areas of the human brain in vivo. The underlying structure of natural metabolism-emotion relationships is unknown. Further, there is a wide range of between-person differences in metabolite concentration in healthy individuals, but the significance of this variation for understanding emotion in healthy humans is unclear. Here we investigated the relationship of two emotional constructs, agency and flexibility, with the metabolites glutamate and glutamine (Glx), N-acetylaspartate (tNAA), choline (Cho), creatine (tCr), and myo-inositol (Ins) in the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) in medically and psychiatrically healthy volunteers (N = 20, 9 female; mean age = 22.8 years, SD = 3.40). The dACC was selected because this region is an integrative hub involved in multiple brain networks of emotion, cognition and behavior. Emotional traits were assessed using the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire Brief Form (MPQ-BF), an empirically derived self-report instrument with an orthogonal factor structure. Phenotypes evaluated were positive and negative agency (MPQ-BF Social Potency, Aggression), emotional and behavioral flexibility (MPQ-BF Absorption, Control-reversed), and positive and negative affect (MPQ-BF Social Closeness; Stress Reaction, Alienation). The resting concentration of tNAA in the dACC was robustly positively correlated with Absorption (r = +0.56, unadjusted p = .005), moderately positively correlated with Social Potency (r = +0.42, unadjusted p = .03), and robustly negatively correlated with Aggression (r = -0.59, unadjusted p = .003). Absorption and Aggression accounted for substantial variance in tNAA (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.31, 0.35; combined R<sup>2</sup> = 0.50), and survived correction for multiple comparisons (Holm-Bonferroni adjusted p = .032, 0.021, respectively). dACC Glx and Cho had modest relationships with behavioral flexibility and social affiliation that did not survive this multiple correction, providing effect sizes for future work. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed a three-factor orthogonal solution indicating specific relationships between: 1) Glx and behavioral engagement; 2) Cho and affiliative bonding; and 3) tNAA and a novel dimension that we term neuroaffective reserves. Our results inform the neurobiology of agency and flexibility and lay the groundwork for understanding mechanisms of natural emotion using <sup>1</sup>H-MRS.
Distribution of graft poly (methacrylic acid) in polyester fiber. (1989)

For introducing high concentration of functional groups on the surface of polyester fibers, thin layer grafting of methacrylic acid (MA) was applied to polyester fiber by direct electron irradiation. Radial distribution of concentration of MA in the thin surface layer of the grafted fiber was examined by measuring the optical reflectivity of the surface dyed after concecutive alkali hydrolysis of the grafted fiber.By the alkali treatment of graft fiber it became clear that the concentration of MA was relatively low on the fiber surface, showed a maximum at the inner part within 1μm from the surface, and then decreased toward the inner regions of the fiber.From above results we expect that by shaving the surface by a proper quantity through alkali treatment and thus exposing the surface with the maximum concentration of functional group, we can give a high concentration of functional groups at the surface of polyester fibers. Actually MA graft polyester fibers showed excellent dyeability by grafting even below 1%, through alkali treatment.
Gene Therapy (1999)

Gene therapy was originally conceived as an approach to the treatment of classic monogenic inherited disorders for which it was proposed that transfer of a normal copy of a single defective gene would revert the disease phenotype. However, as the field has evolved, it has been recognized that gene transfer is a rational option for the treatment of both acquired diseases, such as. cancer, and infectious diseases, such as AIDS, which have defined genetic components. In addition, the elucidation of the molecular basis of the host defense mechanisms against viral or bacterial pathogens suggests that these pathways could be exploited for therapeutic purposes using gene transfer technology. Therefore, gene therapy is now broadly defined as the transfer of genetic material to the cells of an individual for therapeutic purposes.
Smart Search Tools Using Named Entity Recognition (2013)

Nowadays, one sub field of Information Extraction (IE) and Named Entity Recognition (NER) becomes more important. It is essential to recognize information units like the phrases and digital numbers. Identifying references to these entities in text was recognized as one of the important sub-tasks of IE and was called "NER and Classification ". In this paper, we propose a (NER) technique, which uses text classification methods for annotating the phrases and digital numbers to develop the query to be searched in the index. We also investigate which exploits the duality between set of the phrases and digital numbers to grow the target relation, assign the high scores, a passage extraction and ranking component. The overall architecture applied during development is described. To test our technique we use it to extract a relation of the phrases and digits pairs from the Web.
Systematic Techniques for Finding and Preventing Script Injection Vulnerabilities - eScholarship (2012)

Computer users trust web applications to protect their financial transactions and online identities from attacks by cyber criminals. However, web applications today are riddled with security flaws which can compromise the security of their web sessions. In this thesis, we address the problem of automatically finding and preventing script injection vulnerabilities, one of the most prominent classes of web application vulnerabilities at present. Specifically, this thesis makes three contributions towards addressing script injection vulnerabilities. First, wepropose two techniques that together automatically uncover script injection vulnerabilities in client-side JavaScript components of web applications without raising false positives. Second, we empirically study the use of sanitization, which is the predominant defense technique to prevent these attacks today. We expose two new classes of errors in the practical use of sanitization in shipping web applications and demonstrate weaknesses of emerging defenses employed in widely used web application frameworks. Third, we propose a type-based approach to automatically perform correct sanitization for applications authored in emerging web application frameworks. Finally, we propose a conceptual framework for a sanitization-free defense against script injection vulnerabilities, which can form a robust second line of defense.
A method to reduce CPU overhead in blob detection and tracking algorithms (2008)

Here is presented a method which gives performance improvement for blob detection and tracking in real-time video stream. The algorithm can be used in multi-touch screen based and touch-free gesture based user interfaces.
Phenolic Ester Mediated Oligopeptide Synthesis Promoted by HOBt (2013)

Although substituted phenolic ester mediated peptide synthesis is an efficient and well established method, the same via totally unsubstituted phenyl ester is not preferred due to the extremely slow rate of aminolysis. We have investigated the scope of the unsubstituted phenyl ester as an intermediate in peptide bond formation and found that it may be useful for the design of chemoselective peptide ligation when HOBt is used as an acyl transfer catalyst. The scope of HOBt catalyzed, oxo ester mediated ligation is explored for the synthesis of oligopeptides containing a cysteine, serine and threonine at the N-terminus of the ligating peptide.
The Shuffle-Exchange Mesh Topology for 3D NoCs (2008)

Nowadays networks-on-chip are emerging as a hot topic in IC designs with high integration. In addition to popular mesh and torus topologies, other structures can also be considered especially in 3D VLSI design. The shuffle-exchange topology is one of the popular interconnection architectures for multiprocessors due to its scalability and self-routing capability. By vertically stacking two or more silicon wafers, connected with a high-density and high-speed interconnect, it is now possible to combine multiple active device layers within a single IC. In this paper we propose an efficient three dimensional layout for a novel 2D mesh structure based on the shuffle-exchange topology. Simulation results show that by using the third dimension, performance and latency can be improved compared to the 2D VLSI implementation.
A Spread Signals Detection Algorithm based on the Second Order Statistics in Semi-Blind Contexts (2008)

In this contribution, we propose a spread signal detector based on the averaged-power of its autocorrelation function. A cost function that tests this property is build and some results are given on its estimation. We also explain how to use it to detect signals in SISO and SIMO cases. We conclude this paper with some numerical estimation of the proposed algorithm performances.
Influences of material extrusion additive manufacturing (MEAM) parameters and additives on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) properties. (2020)

Beyond the beneficial characteristics of smart polymers associated with all polymers such as flexibility and cost fabrication, smart materials exhibit multifunctional behaviors. The prospect of integrating structural and sensing/actuation capabilities into a single structure gives design engineers an ability to innovate highly novel, multi-functional creations. Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) is one of the widely used multi-functional materials which offers a variety of desirable material properties. It possesses exceptional chemical and UV resistance, biocompatibility, low processing temperature and affordable price making it a competitive choice for many commercial applications. In addition, among polymers, PVDF is simply the most dominant piezoelectric polymer. On the other hand, material extrusion additive manufacturing technique helps to fabricate parts with different levels of complexity which can be joined with PVDF advantageous properties to be useful for different purposes. However, due to high thermal expansion and low surface energy of PVDF material, fabrication of this semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer via material extrusion process is challenging and commonly results in substantial stress accumulation during filament extrusion and unwanted distortion in printed parts. In order to facilitate the printing challenges, advanced manufacturing techniques and optimal printing parameters were employed to create viable 3D printed PVDF structures with a balanced mix of mechanical and electromechanical characteristics. In addition, effect of deposition parameters on potential piezoelectric properties of PVDF 3D additively manufactured components were investigated. Moreover, in order to enhance net piezoelectric properties of fabricated parts, impact of post processing methods like annealing process and corona poling on piezoelectric behavior of printed samples were evaluated. Also, microscale zirconium tungstate particulates with a negative coefficient of thermal expansion were added to PVDF matrix in the attempt to decrease the total coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite and improve the printability of PVDF materials. Experimental and simulation methods were employed in order to control and minimize component warping and residual stress in the printed objects. Successful completion of this research will help enable products and prototypes that exhibit multi-functional behavior to be rapidly manufactured, a capability that will provide benefits in a variety of applications.
Chemical Tailoring of Teicoplanin with Site-Selective Reactions (2013)

Semisynthesis of natural product derivatives combines the power of fermentation with orthogonal chemical reactions. Yet, chemical modification of complex structures represents an unmet challenge, as poor selectivity often undermines efficiency. The complex antibiotic teicoplanin eradicates bacterial infections. However, as resistance emerges, the demand for improved analogues grows. We have discovered chemical reactions that achieve site-selective alteration of teicoplanin. Utilizing peptide-based additives that alter reaction selectivities, certain bromo-teicoplanins are accessible. These new compounds are also scaffolds for selective cross-coupling reactions, enabling further molecular diversification. These studies enable two-step access to glycopeptide analogues not available through either biosynthesis or rapid total chemical synthesis alone. The new compounds exhibit a spectrum of activities, revealing that selective chemical alteration of teicoplanin may lead to analogues with attenuated or enhanced antibacterial properties, in particular against vancomycin- and teicoplanin-resistant strains.
On base station localization for state estimation over lossy networks (2008)

We consider a state estimation problem where observations are made by multiple sensors. These observations are communicated over a lossy wireless network to a central base station that computes estimates via a Kalman filter. The goal is to determine the optimal location of the base station under a certain class of packet loss probability models. It is shown in the two sensor case that the base station is optimally located at one of the sensor locations. Empirical evidence suggests that the result holds in some generality.
Application of solid state transformers in utility scale solar power plants (2014)

With the increasing participation of PV sources in the international energy market, more efficient inverter topologies and modules connections are desired. Large-scale PV plants (solar farms) use generally the central inverter topology, in which the PV modules are distributed into few maximum power point trackers. Although this topology has typically high efficiency, it has low MPP tracking performance. This paper proposes a modular converter based on solid state transformers (SST), in which high frequency transformers are used replacing the bulky medium-voltage line-frequency ones. In this technology, the converter output is provided by the series connection of the DC-DC-AC converter stages, supplied by independent PV module arrays. Among its many advantages, one can point out their reduced size and weight, improved reliability and easier maintenance of the system. This paper presents the proposed SST based converter topology for PV power plants and addresses some of its control issues.
Opportunities for In-Home Augmented Reality Guidance (2019)

The use of Augmented Reality (AR) systems has been shown to be beneficial in guiding users through structured tasks when compared to traditional 2D instructions. In this work, we begin to examine the potential of such systems for home improvement tasks, which present some specific challenges (e.g., operating at both large and small scales, and coping with the diversity in home environments). Specifically, we investigate user performance of a common low-level task in this domain. We conducted a user study where participants mark points on a planar surface (as if to place a nail, or measure from) guided only by virtual cues. We observed that participants position themselves so as to minimize parallax by kneeling, leaning, or side-stepping, and when doing so, they are able to mark points with a high degree of accuracy. In cases where the targets fall above one's line of vision, participants are less able to compensate and make larger errors. We discuss initial insights from these observations and participant feedback, and present the first set of challenges that we believe designers and developers will face in this domain.
Identitet: Teorierne om Social identitet, Multipel identitet og Identity Control Theory (2016)

Teksten handler om identitet i et psykologisk perspektiv. Den omfatter teorierne om social identitet, multipel identitet og endelig social identity theory (ict)
Perivascular Adipose Tissue Control of Insulin-Induced Vasoreactivity in Muscle Is Impaired in db/db Mice (2012)

Microvascular recruitment in muscle is a determinant of insulin sensitivity. Whether perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is involved in disturbed insulin-induced vasoreactivity is unknown, as are the underlying mechanisms. This study investigates whether PVAT regulates insulin-induced vasodilation in muscle, the underlying mechanisms, and how obesity disturbs this vasodilation. Insulin-induced vasoreactivity of resistance arteries was studied with PVAT from C57BL/6 or db/db mice. PVAT weight in muscle was higher in db/db mice compared with C57BL/6 mice. PVAT from C57BL/6 mice uncovered insulin-induced vasodilation; this vasodilation was abrogated with PVAT from db/db mice. Blocking adiponectin abolished the vasodilator effect of insulin in the presence of C57BL/6 PVAT, and adiponectin secretion was lower in db/db PVAT. To investigate this interaction further, resistance arteries of AMPKα2(+/+) and AMPKα2(-/-) were studied. In AMPKα2(-/-) resistance arteries, insulin caused vasoconstriction in the presence of PVAT, and AMPKα2(+/+) resistance arteries showed a neutral response. On the other hand, inhibition of the inflammatory kinase Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) in db/db PVAT restored insulin-induced vasodilation in an adiponectin-dependent manner. In conclusion, PVAT controls insulin-induced vasoreactivity in the muscle microcirculation through secretion of adiponectin and subsequent AMPKα2 signaling. PVAT from obese mice inhibits insulin-induced vasodilation, which can be restored by inhibition of JNK.
Minimum cost selection of secondary indexes for formatted files (1977)

Secondary indexes are often used in database management systems for secondary key retrieval. Although their use can improve retrieval time significantly, the cost of index maintenance and storage increases the overhead of the file processing application. The optimal set of indexed secondary keys for a particular application depends on a number of application dependent factors. In this paper a cost function is developed for the evaluation of candidate indexing choices and applied to the optimization of index selection. Factors accounted for include file size, the relative rates of retrieval and maintenance and the distribution of retrieval and maintenance over the candidate keys, index structure, and system charging rates. Among the results demonstrated are the increased effectiveness of secondary indexes for large files, the effect of the relative rates of retrieval and maintenance, the greater cost of allowing for arbitrarily formulated queries, and the impact on cost of the use of different index structures.
Recent Advances in Nanomaterials for Dermal and Transdermal Applications (2021)

The stratum corneum, the most superficial layer of the skin, protects the body against environmental hazards and presents a highly selective barrier for the passage of drugs and cosmetic products deeper into the skin and across the skin. Nanomaterials can effectively increase the permeation of active molecules across the stratum corneum and enable their penetration into deeper skin layers, often by interacting with the skin and creating the distinct sites with elevated local concentration, acting as reservoirs. The flux of the molecules from these reservoirs can be either limited to the underlying skin layers (for topical drug and cosmeceutical delivery) or extended across all the sublayers of the epidermis to the blood vessels of the dermis (for transdermal delivery). The type of the nanocarrier and the physicochemical nature of the active substance are among the factors that determine the final skin permeation pattern and the stability of the penetrant in the cutaneous environment. The most widely employed types of nanomaterials for dermal and transdermal applications include solid lipid nanoparticles, nanovesicular carriers, microemulsions, nanoemulsions, and polymeric nanoparticles. The recent advances in the area of nanomaterial-assisted dermal and transdermal delivery are highlighted in this review.
Analysis of electron emission degradation in silicon field emitter arrays (1998)

Degradation of electron emission characteristics in single-crystalline and polycrystalline silicon field emitter arrays and its mechanism have been studied. A critical biasing time tc at which the emission current started to be degraded dominantly was observed at a pressure of 5×10−7 Torr. The tc is shortened as the emission current increases. Also, the emission current repeatedly measured within tc with a complete relaxation after each measurement would not be degraded even though the total biasing time exceeded the critical time. The experimental results indicate that the degradation in silicon field emitters mainly originates from thermal instability of the silicon tips, especially a decrease in the effective emitting area rather than changes in the work function and geometrical factor.
Noisy Autoregressive System Identification Based on Repeated Autocorrelation Function (2006)

This paper presents an identification approach for the minimum-phase autoregressive (AR) systems in the presence of heavy noise based on a repeated autocorrelation function (RACF) of observed data. It is shown that RACF retains poles of the original system and in noisy environment if it is used instead of single ACF in the modified least-squares Yule-Walker equations the effect of additive noise can be reduced. A termination criterion for the repeated operations is proposed based on the decaying nature of correlation values. The length of ACF, which is kept fixed in all RACFs, is determined from the decorrelation time of the single ACF. Simulation results show the superiority of performance by the proposed method in comparison to some of the existing methods in estimating the AR parameters even at a very low SNR of -5 dB