gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of membrane-associated calcium-independent phospholipase A2 as a potential culprit of anthracycline cardiotoxicity. (2003)

Administration of anthracyclines, a family of highly effective anticancer drugs, is associated with a cumulative dose-related cardiomyopathy, the etiology of which remains poorly understood. We have discovered that administration of the anthracyclines leads to a marked inhibition of membrane-associated calcium-independent phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)) both in vitro and in vivo. To elucidate the clinical relevance of this effect and to correlate it with known cardiotoxicity of the individual anthracyclines, we have compared four anthracycline analogues: doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, and epirubicin for their ability to inhibit iPLA(2). Isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes were treated with each analogue at concentrations of 0.1-100 micro M, and PLA(2) activity was assessed in cytosolic and membrane fractions using (16:0, [(3)H]18:1) plasmenylcholine in the absence of calcium. For all of the examined analogues, iPLA(2) inhibition was concentration and time dependent, preceded detectable changes in cell viability, and was specific to the membrane-associated enzyme. The degree of iPLA(2) inhibition by equimolar concentrations of epirubicin and idarubicin was significantly less than that of doxorubicin or daunorubicin, which correlates with the reported in vivo cardiotoxicity of these drugs. Because membrane iPLA(2) represents the majority of myocardial PLA(2) activity, its inhibition by anthracyclines would critically impair the ability of cardiomyocytes to repair oxidized phospholipids. Indeed, anthracycline-pretreated myocytes become more susceptible to the low-level oxidative stress imposed by repetitive additions of tert-butyl peroxide. The results suggest that iPLA(2) inhibition may be the initial step in a chain of events leading to chronic cardiotoxicity of the anthracyclines.
Machine-learning-based selective sampling procedure for identifying the low-energy region in a potential energy surface: A case study on proton conduction in oxides (2016)

In this paper, we propose a selective sampling procedure to preferentially evaluate a potential energy surface (PES) in a part of the configuration space governing a physical property of interest. The proposed sampling procedure is based on a machine-learning method called the Gaussian process, which is used to construct a statistical model of the PES for identifying the region of interest in the configuration space. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed procedure for atomic diffusion and ionic conduction, specifically, the proton conduction in a well-studied proton-conducting oxide, barium zirconate $({\mathrm{BaZrO}}_{3})$. The results of the demonstration study indicate that our procedure can efficiently identify the low-energy region characterizing the proton conduction in the host crystal lattice and that the descriptors used for the statistical PES model have a great influence on the performance.
Quality Of Life Of Prostate Cancer Survivors In A Web-based Behavioral Intervention Pilot Trial (2021)

Following a prostate cancer (PC) diagnosis, treatment-related symptoms may result in diminished quality of life (QoL). Improved diet and increased exercise may improve QoL in men with PC. PURPOSE: To estimate the effect of a web-based intervention to support behavior changes on patients’ QoL. METHODS: We conducted a multi-center 4-arm pilot randomized trial to assess feasibility and acceptability of a 3-month web-based diet and exercise intervention, among English-speaking men (>18 years of age) with PC (primary results reported elsewhere). Men also completed QoL surveys (QLQ-C30, PROMIS Fatigue, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)) at enrollment and following the intervention. Men were randomized 1:1:1:1 to increasing levels of web-based behavioral support: Level 1: website; Level 2: Level 1 plus personalized diet and exercise prescription; Level 3: Levels 1-2 plus Fitbit and text messages; Level 4: Levels 1-3 plus 2 30-minute phone calls (1 each with dietician and exercise trainer). T-tests were used to compare pre-post change in mean QoL scores between each Level and Level 1. RESULTS: 202 men consented and were randomized (n = 49, 51, 50, 52 men for Levels 1-4, respectively). Men were predominantly white (93%), with a median age of 70 years (IQR: 65,75) and were a median of 3 years (IQR: 1,9) post primary treatment for mostly localized disease (74% with T1-2). There were no substantive changes in QoL among men enrolled in this pilot study, but there were notable trends. Level 3 participants had a small improvement in QLQ-C30 Global Health (5.46; 95% CI: -0.02, 10.95) compared to Level 1. In contrast, Level 2 participants reported a decline in Global QoL (-2.31, 95% CI: -8.05, 3.42), which may reflect declines in function (e.g., Cognitive: -6.94, 95% CI: -13.76, -0.13) and higher symptom burden (e.g., Diarrhea: 4.63, 95% CI: -1.48, 10.74). Men in Level 2 also reported a decline in sleep quality (PSQI: 0.70, 95% CI: -0.47, 1.88) and greater fatigue (PROMIS: 3.24, 95% CI: 0.77, 5.71). CONCLUSIONS: This 3-month intervention did not meaningfully improve patients’ QoL. Since most men were well past treatment for localized disease, the potential of this approach to reduce symptoms and improve QoL in men who have worse health may still be warranted, especially given the feasibility of the intervention to reach the target audience.
C–N Bond Formation between Alcohols and Amines Using an Iron Cyclopentadienone Catalyst (2015)

An iron-tetraphenylcyclopentadienone tricarbonyl complex is demonstrated to act as a precursor of a catalyst for the formation of C-N bonds through a "hydrogen-borrowing" reaction between amines and alcohols.
BENDING TESTS ON STEEL FIBRE CONCRETE (1988)

The results are presented of tests carried out on steel fibre concrete in order to develop guidelines for bending tests. Six mixes of the same concrete composition but with fibres of various dimensions and amounts were used. Details are given of the experimental procedure and results obtained. Graphs showing toughness values and bending test results are presented and discussed. The results of bending tests are considered to be influenced by many factors such as the dimensions of the specimen, its method of preparation, and the test configuration. The use of bending test results in the design of structures is discussed.
Machine learning meets pKa (2020)

<ns4:p> We present a small molecule pK <ns4:sub>a</ns4:sub> prediction tool entirely written in Python. It predicts the macroscopic pK <ns4:sub>a</ns4:sub> value and is trained on a literature compilation of monoprotic compounds. Different machine learning models were tested and random forest performed best given a five-fold cross-validation (mean absolute error=0.682, root mean squared error=1.032, correlation coefficient r <ns4:sup>2</ns4:sup> =0.82). We test our model on two external validation sets, where our model performs comparable to Marvin and is better than a recently published open source model. Our Python tool and all data is freely available at <ns4:ext-link xmlns:ns3="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" ns3:href="https://github.com/czodrowskilab/Machine-learning-meets-pKa">https://github.com/czodrowskilab/Machine-learning-meets-pKa</ns4:ext-link> . </ns4:p>
The Effect of Preoperative Pregabalin on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Meta-analysis (2016)

Preoperative pregabalin is associated with significant reduction of PONV and should not only be considered as part of a multimodal approach to postoperative analgesia but also for prevention of PONV.
Comprehensive Pan-Genomic Characterization of Adrenocortical Carcinoma (2020)

SummaryWe describe a comprehensive genomic characterization of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Using this dataset, we expand the catalogue of known ACC driver genes to include PRKAR1A, RPL22, TERF2, CCNE1, and NF1. Genome wide DNA copy-number analysis revealed frequent occurrence of massive DNA loss followed by whole-genome doubling (WGD), which was associated with aggressive clinical course, suggesting WGD is a hallmark of disease progression. Corroborating this hypothesis were increased TERT expression, decreased telomere length, and activation of cell-cycle programs. Integrated subtype analysis identified three ACC subtypes with distinct clinical outcome and molecular alterations which could be captured by a 68-CpG probe DNA-methylation signature, proposing a strategy for clinical stratification of patients based on molecular markers.
Rab25 acts as an oncogene in luminal B breast cancer and is causally associated with Snail driven EMT (2016)

The Rab GTPases regulate vesicular trafficking machinery that transports and delivers a diverse pool of cargo, including growth factor receptors, integrins, nutrient receptors and junction proteins to specific intracellular sites. The trafficking machinery is indeed a major posttranslational modifier and is critical for cellular homeostasis. Deregulation of this stringently controlled system leads to a wide spectrum of disorders including cancer. Herein we demonstrate that Rab25, a key GTPase, mostly decorating the apical recycling endosome, is a dichotomous variable in breast cancer cell lines with higher mRNA and protein expression in Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+ve) lines. Rab25 and its effector, Rab Coupling Protein (RCP) are frequently coamplified and coordinately elevated in ER+ve breast cancers. In contrast, Rab25 levels are decreased in basal-like and almost completely lost in claudin-low tumors. This dichotomy exists despite the presence of the 1q amplicon that hosts Rab25 across breast cancer subtypes and is likely due to differential methylation of the Rab25 promoter. Functionally, elevated levels of Rab25 drive major hallmarks of cancer including indefinite growth and metastasis but in case of luminal B breast cancer only. Importantly, in such ER+ve tumors, coexpression of Rab25 and its effector, RCP is significantly associated with a markedly worsened clinical outcome. Importantly, in claudin-low cell lines, exogenous Rab25 markedly inhibits cell migration. Similarly, during Snail-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) exogenous Rab25 potently reverses Snail-driven invasion. Overall, this study substantiates a striking context dependent role of Rab25 in breast cancer where Rab25 is amplified and enhances aggressiveness in luminal B cancers while in claudin-low tumors, Rab25 is lost indicating possible anti-tumor functions.
Genetic Control of IL-1β Production and Inflammatory Response by the Mouse Irm1 Locus (2010)

Genome-wide linkage analysis using single nucleotide polymorphism arrays was carried out in pedigrees of mice differing in the extent of acute inflammatory response (AIRmax or AIRmin). The AIR phenotype was determined by quantifying the number of infiltrating cells in the 24-h exudate induced by Biogel P-100 s.c. injection and by ex vivo IL-1beta production by leukocytes stimulated with LPS and ATP. We mapped the major inflammatory response modulator 1 locus on chromosome 7, at the 1-logarithm of odds (LOD) confidence interval from 116.75 to 139.75 Mb, linked to the number of infiltrating cells (LOD = 3.61) through the production of IL-1beta (LOD = 9.35). Of several interesting candidate genes mapping to the inflammatory response modulator 1 locus, 28 of these were differentially expressed in the bone marrow of AIRmax and AIRmin mice. These findings represent a step toward the identification of the genes underlying this complex phenotype.
The need for antimicrobial peptides in a world of antibiotic resistance (2019)

Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin was, in many respects, extremely fortunate. Before leaving for a two-week holiday, Fleming left a petri dish containing a staphylococcus (a type of bacteria) culture on a lab bench by accident (it was supposed to be placed inside an incubator).
Effectiveness of automatic tube potential selection with tube current modulation in coronary CT angiography for obese patients: Comparison with a body mass index-based protocol using the propensity score matching method (2018)

The use of APSCM for CCTA in obese patients did not significantly reduce the radiation dose or improve image quality compared with those in the matched BMI-based group. Our data indicate that it is better to avoid using APSCM when 140 kV is automatically selected, due to increased radiation dose and lack of significant improvement in image quality.
[Detection by echocardiography of a thrombus of the right cavities in acute pulmonary embolism]. (1987)

Echocardiography evaluates the severity of acute pulmonary embolism from its repercussions on haemodynamics. However, many authors have reported the discovery of thrombosis in the right heart cavities of patients with acute pulmonary embolism. In order to assess the frequency of intracavitary thrombosis and to evaluate the practical problems it raises, we have systematically examined by echocardiography 84 patients hospitalized for severe, acute pulmonary embolism (mean Miller's score: 21). In this series of 39 men and 45 women (mean age 62 years), 9 thrombi were detected, i.e. an incidence of 11%. Depending on the ultrasonographic images they presented, these patients were divided into two groups: 1. Six patients with low mobility thrombi attached to the cardiac wall. All benefited from a medical treatment consisting of heparin in 4 cases and a thrombolytic drug in 2 cases. There was no clinical evidence of recurrent embolism. Echocardiography showed complete disappearance of the thrombi in 5 of these 6 patients and partial regression under heparin therapy in one. 2. Three patients with a large and mobile thrombus threatening to prolapse through the tricuspid valve during atrial systole. It seemed rational to regard such thrombi as carrying a high risk of embolism with recurrences, especially since they had formed in patients already with severe pulmonary embolism. This view was confirmed by a search in the literature which yielded a 40% death rate figure when these thrombi were associated with pulmonary embolism. This high mortality, however, can be reduced by diagnostic and therapeutic measures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
First documentation of isoniazid reversion in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (2009)

This study confirms that, in the absence of INH pressure, some INH-resistant mutants will revert to a drug-susceptible phenotype. This finding may have broader implications for INH-resistant strains and for the clinically useful lifespan of INH.
Database System Implementation (1999)

From the Publisher:
Three well-known computer scientists at Stanford University-Hector Garcia-Molina, Jeffrey D. Ullman, and Jennifer Widom-have written one of the most comprehensive books on database system implementation. Hector Garcia- Molina pioneered this book at Stanford as a second database systems course for computer science majors and industry-based professionals. It focuses on the implementation of database systems, including storage structures, query processing, and transaction management. Database System Implementation is valuable as an academic textbook or a professional reference. 
Noteworthy Features
Provides extensive coverage of query processing, including major algorithms for execution of queries and techniques for optimizing queries
Covers information integration, including warehousing and mediators, OLAP, and data-cube systems
Explains error-correction in RAID disks and covers bitmap indexes, data mining, data statistics, and pointer swizzling
Supports additional teaching materials found on the book's Web page at ...
Noninvasive measurement of cardiac output using partial CO/sub 2/ rebreathing (1988)

A noninvasive algorithm for estimating cardiac output is discussed. The technique is based on a differential form of the CO/sub 2/ Fick equation applied during normal ventilation and a 30-s period of partial rebreathing using additional deadspace. Using the Fick equation in a differential form eliminates the need to estimate mixed venous pCO/sub 2/, also the sensitivity of the cardiac output estimate to changes in the alveolar deadspace fraction is greatly reduced. The procedure is fully automated, requires minimal staff supervision, and provides cardiac output estimates every 3 1/2-min. Estimates of cardiac output when compared to thermodilution yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.92 with a linear regression slope of 0.92 (n=451). Temporary increases in alveolar deadspace did not significantly alter this relationship. Cardiac output estimates obtained during period of increased pulmonary shunt due to oleic acid infusion yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.90 with a linear regression slope of 0.92 when compared to direct thermodilution measurements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Abstract OT3-33-01: Prospective, Multi-Center, Artificial Intelligence Study for Early Prediction of Serious Events under Treatment Is Now Open for Recruitment in Breast Cancer - OMCAT Trial in Progress (2023)

Abstract Background: Aim of the OMCAT trial (‘One Million CAncer Treatment months’, NCT04531995) is improvement of cancer patient care and safety by developing artificial intelligence (AI)-based, incident prediction algorithms. Incident detection allows early notification of treatment teams, enabling timely management changes or interventions. Ultimately the algorithms can also support improved health resource allocation. This trial in progress aims to provide learning databases in breast cancer comprising both electronic patient reported outcome (ePRO) data using the mobile medical device ‘CANKADO PRO-React’ and ground truth outcome data, which provide disease-specific events of interest (“incidents”) verified by the physician (e.g., during patient examinations). Methods: Incident prediction is posed as an application of stochastic time series analysis using AI and knowledge engineering technology. The learning process begins by fitting individualized and disease-specific stochastic process models to “incident-free” intervals extracted from the ePRO data series. Incidents produce detectable deviations from “ordinary” ePRO fluctuations. The algorithms are trained on CANKADO PRO-React data to produce real-time risk functions for predicting incidents on a clinically specified time horizon. Results: Considering the heterogeneity and combinatorics of diseases, stages, therapies, and types of events considered in this study, ultimately the AI algorithms aim to discover about 360 distinct predictive relationships. The estimate of one million treatment months is derived from statistical power analysis of this target, considering estimated median documentation time of six months per patient and estimated 400-500 patients per predictive relationship. To date, 45 centers in Germany have expressed interest in participating. This participation level will enable proof of principle. Ethics votes are already available in most regions. Other centers are invited to participate in this trial. Conclusions: OMCAT opens a whole new path towards evidence-trained AI and a novel combination of patient observation and predictive care. The goals of OMCAT are ambitious and will therefore require many more supporters. Citation Format: Timo Schinköthe, Christian Horst Tonk, Ronald Kates, Sherko Küemmel, Fatima Cardoso, Nadia Harbeck, Peter Staib, Annette Schmidt. Prospective, Multi-Center, Artificial Intelligence Study for Early Prediction of Serious Events under Treatment Is Now Open for Recruitment in Breast Cancer - OMCAT Trial in Progress [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr OT3-33-01.
Dynamic Reconfiguration Of Logical Topologies in WDM-based Mesh Networks (2002)

A Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) network o#ers a flexible networking infrastructure by assigning the route and wavelength of lightpaths. We can construct an optimal logical topology, by properly setting up the lightpaths. Furthermore, setting up a backup lightpath for each lightpath improves network reliability. When tra#c demand changes, a new optimal (or sub-optimal) topology should be obtained by again applying the formulation. Then, we can reconfigure the running topology to the logical topology obtained. However, during this reconfiguration, tra#c loss may occur due to the deletion of older lightpaths. In this paper, we consider reconfiguring the logical topology in reliable WDM-based mesh networks, and we propose five procedures that can be used to reconfigure a running lightpath to a new one. Applying the procedures one by one produces a new logical topology. The procedures mainly focus on utilizing free wavelength resources and the resources of backup lightpaths, which are not used usually for transporting tra#c. The results of computer simulations indicate that the tra#c loss is remarkably reduced in the 14-node network we used as an example.
A computational approach to the optical characterization of photonic crystals and photonic glasses (2012)

The present paper describes a computational physics approach to the analysis of the light scattering from a three dimensional face-cubic centered lattice of spherical particles. The scattered electromagnetic field distribution is obtained after development of a parallelized FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) MPI code for the full numerical solution of the Maxwell’s equations, with an impinging plane wave and assigned permittivity of the various spherical particles in the lattice. The aim is to numerically calculate the reflectance and transmittance of a crystal sample in the 500÷1000 nm wavelength range by determining, via the near-to-far field transforming Kirchhoff formula, applied to the FDTD scattered results, the angular distribution of the reflected and transmitted light. This study is suitable for the predictive optical characterization/simulation of large ordered photonic structures and, as a possible further development, of disordered distributions such as glasses.
Estimation of tremor parameters and extraction tremor from recorded signals for tremor suppression (2016)

Pathological tremor is defined as a roughly sinusoidal movement and usually occurs in the upper limb impacting individuals activities of daily livings. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is proposed as a potential alternative for cancelling the pathological tremor. However, the feasibility and accuracy of FES depends on the estimation of amplitude and frequency of tremor signals measured by sensors. In this study, a novel algorithm incorporating a sliding fast Fourier transform (SFFT), an interpolation procedure and a limitation module of frequency range is developed to estimate tremor frequency and separate the tremor components from raw data. Based on the artificial signals and the actual tremor signals, the performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated. The experimental results indicate that the developed algorithm could quickly adapt to the unknown dominant frequency and extract the tremor components with high accuracy. Therefore, this method could be employed in the tremor suppression by FES without affecting the voluntary movement.