gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prediction of DC Current Flow Between the Otjiwarongo and Katima Mulilo Regions, Using 3D DC Resistivity Forward Modelling and Magnetotelluric and Audio-magnetotelluric Data Recorded During SAMTEX (2009)

SAMTEX (Southern African Magnetotelluric Experiment) is a multinational project that was initiated in 2003 to study the regional-scale electrical conductivity substructure of southern Africa and to infer from it the tectonic processes involved in the formation of the southern African subcontinent. Audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) data recorded during the most recent phase of the experiment are evaluated to investigate the local-scale conductivity substructure in the Otjiwarongo and Katima Mulilo regions, where in future the installation of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) earth electrodes will commence. Both of the AMT surveys are situated close to the edge of the orogenic Damara Mobile Belt in northern and north-eastern Namibia. Previous studies using magnetotellurics (MT), magnetometer arrays and geomagnetic observatory data all provide evidence of the relatively conductive nature of the Damara Mobile Belt. The Damara Mobile Belt represents in part the collision between the Congo and Kalahari cratons during the amalgamation of South Gondwana and its high conductivity is explained by the presence of interconnected fluids and conductive materials (graphites, sulphides). In contrast, the lithospheric structure of the ancient Archaean cratons, the Congo and Kalahari, are generally found to be electrically resistive and therefore it is hypothesized that the return path of DC current, flowing along the path of least resistance between the two electrodes, is most likely to lie somewhere within or in the vicinity of the Damara Mobile Belt. To obtain a better understanding of the current flow we propose using geological information, previous results of studies of the conductivity of the Damara Mobile Belt and surrounding regions and 2D inversion results from the AMT and MT data recorded during SAMTEX in northern Botswana and Namibia, as input to a 3D DC resistivity forward modelling code, and try to predict the return path that the DC current will follow.
Negative Regulation of IL-10 Expression in CD4 T Cells by Growth Factor Independent-1 (2012)

There was no effect of vedolizumab on the suppressive activity of the total Treg population or the gut-homing subset of this population found in peripheral blood of healthy volunteers. These data indicate that vedolizumab does not affect potential anti-inflammatory activity of human Treg cells residing in the submucosa.
Extended photoacoustic transport model for characterization of red blood cell morphology in microchannel flow (2018)

The dynamic response behavior of red blood cells holds the key to understanding red blood cell related diseases. In this regard, an understanding of the physiological functions of erythrocytes is significant before focusing on red blood cell aggregation in the microcirculatory system. In this work, we present a theoretical model for a photoacoustic signal that occurs when deformed red blood cells pass through a microfluidic channel. Using a Green's function approach, the photoacoustic pressure wave is obtained analytically by solving a combined Navier-Stokes and photoacoustic equation system. The photoacoustic wave expression includes determinant parameters for the cell deformability such as plasma viscosity, density, and red blood cell aggregation, as well as involving laser parameters such as beamwidth, pulse duration, and repetition rate. The effects of aggregation on blood rheology are also investigated. The results presented by this study show good agreements with the experimental ones in the literature. The comprehensive analytical solution of the extended photoacoustic transport model including a modified Morse type potential function sheds light on the dynamics of aggregate formation and demonstrates that the profile of a photoacoustic pressure wave has the potential for detecting and characterizing red blood cell aggregation.
Sequelae in permanent teeth after traumatic injuries to primary dentition (2020)

Traumatic injuries to the primary dentition are critical events in dentistry not only due to the need for urgent care, but also since they have potential sequelae in the permanent dentition, with a prevalence ranging from 12% to 74%. The aim of this article was to provide an overview of the prevalence, etiology, and clinical and radiographic characteristics as well as the management of permanent teeth sequelae resulting from traumatic injuries to their deciduous predecessors. An extensive literature review was performed to reveal the current evidence on enamel discoloration with or without hypomineralization/hypoplasia, crown dilaceration, odontoma-like malformation, root anomalies, partial or complete arrest of root formation, sequestration of the permanent tooth germ, and eruption disturbances.
Automating Image Analysis by Annotating Landmarks with Deep Neural Networks (2017)

Image and video analysis is often a crucial step in the study of animal behavior and kinematics. Often these analyses require that the position of one or more animal landmarks are annotated (marked) in numerous images. The process of annotating landmarks can require a significant amount of time and tedious labor, which motivates the need for algorithms that can automatically annotate landmarks. In the community of scientists that use image and video analysis to study the 3D flight of animals, there has been a trend of developing more automated approaches for annotating landmarks, yet they fall short of being generally applicable. Inspired by the success of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) on many problems in the field of computer vision, we investigate how suitable DNNs are for accurate and automatic annotation of landmarks in video datasets representative of those collected by scientists studying animals. Our work shows, through extensive experimentation on videos of hawkmoths, that DNNs are suitable for automatic and accurate landmark localization. In particular, we show that one of our proposed DNNs is more accurate than the current best algorithm for automatic localization of landmarks on hawkmoth videos. Moreover, we demonstrate how these annotations can be used to quantitatively analyze the 3D flight of a hawkmoth. To facilitate the use of DNNs by scientists from many different fields, we provide a self contained explanation of what DNNs are, how they work, and how to apply them to other datasets using the freely available library Caffe and supplemental code that we provide.
Constrictive pericarditis presenting with an outpouching of the right ventricle free wall simulating an aneurysmal dilatation (2011)

We present a case of constrictive pericarditis resulting in an outpouching of the right ventricular free wall, simulating a right ventricular free wall aneurysm. The present case is, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported right ventricular free wall aneurysm-like outpouching adjacent to surrounding regions of thickened pericardium in a patient with constrictive pericarditis.
A single p-i-n junction amorphous-silicon solar cell with conversion efficiency of 12.65% (1991)

A conversion efficiency of 12.65% was obtained at AM-1.5, 100 mW/cm/sup 2/ for a single p-i-n junction amorphous-Si solar cell of 1.05 cm/sup 2/, with a glass/SnO/sub 2//p-i-n/back-electrode structure. The solar cell had a short-circuit current of 19.13 mA/cm/sup 2/, an open-circuit voltage of 0.885 V, and a fill factor of 74.7%. The reason why the efficiency of the produced solar cell was enhanced by hot-annealing treatment is considered to be due to the reduction of the minute leaks caused by the pinhole treatment and the reduction of the number of pinholes by reverse-bias annealing treatment. It is believed that because of the minute irregularities on the surface of SnO/sub 2/, the diffuse light in the solar cell increased the effective optical length in the i layer. Therefore the collection efficiency in the long-wavelength region was enhanced.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Biology and Genetics of Human Neuroblastomas (1997)

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (JPHO) reports on major advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and blood diseases in children. The journal publishes original research, commentaries, historical insights, and clinical and laboratory observations.
Ritchey-common test used for measurement of astronomical optic (2003)

The Ritchey-Common test is a well-known method for large flat measurements. This paper describes a straightforward implementation of the formulas, to allow accurate surface height calculation using relatively few separate measurements. Both Ritchey-Common test and direct measurement results are presented. In comparison of the two methods, the Ritchey-Common test is in good agreement with the direct measurement.
A hepatic receptor of avian origin capable of binding specifically modified glycoproteins. (1976)

Evidence is reported to support the following conclusions: (i) The presence of a specific hepatic receptor capable of recognizing and binding galactose-terminated glycoproteins is responsible for maintaining near zero levels of circulating asialoglycoproteins in mammalian serum. (ii) The absence of this galactose-specific binding protein in avian, and presumably reptilian, liver is correlated with high levels of circulating asialoglycoproteins in the serum of these species. (iii) The evolutionary significance of these observations is reinforced by the recognition of an avian hepatic binding protein specific for terminal, N-acetyl-glucosamine residues on glycoproteins.
Chemical vapor deposition of YBa2Cu3O7 using metalorganic chelate precursors (1988)

Superconducting films of YBa2 Cu3 O7 were prepared using metalorganic chelate precursors at ambient pressure. Ba and Y were transported using fluoride-substituted β-diketonates, while a β-keto-imide chelate was used for Cu. Deposition at 500 °C on Al2 O3 and SrTiO3 substrates by reaction with O2 saturated with room temperature water vapor formed crystalline mixtures of BaF2 , YF3 , and CuO. Superconducting YBa2 Cu3 O7 formed after annealing in Ar/H2O at 835 °C followed by O2 at 900 and 400 °C with a slow cooling in O2 to below 200 °C. A 2.3 μm film on a (100) SrTiO3 substrate had an onset Tc of 90 K with zero resistance at 70 K. The film showed a mixture of c- and a-axis orientation. A similar film on (11̄02) Al2O3 showed zero resistance at 65 K.
Hydroxy-assisted chemo- and stereo-selective epoxidation catalysed by a titanium silicate molecular sieve (TS-1)/H2O2 system (1995)

The TS-1/H2O2 system efficiently catalyses the hydroxy-assisted chemoselective epoxidation of α-hydroxyalkene in geraniol, and the stereoselective epoxidation of cyclopent-2-en-1-ol/cyclohex-2-en-1-ol producing the epoxide which is cis to OH with high selectivity (90:10 cis: trans).
Mysterious, Widespread Obesity Gene Found Through Diabetes Study (2007)

The role that obesity plays in diabetes, cancer, and other diseases makes our expanding waistlines one of today's most pressing health problems. Now, on the genetics front, researchers have nabbed a coveted prize: the first clear-cut evidence for a common gene that helps explain why some people get fat and others stay trim. The British team, led by Andrew Hattersley of Peninsula Medical School in Exeter and Mark McCarthy of Oxford University, doesn't know what this gene, called FTO, does. But adults, and even children, with two copies of a particular FTO variant weighed on average 3 kilograms more than people lacking the variant, the researchers report in a paper published online by Science this week (www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1141634).
Clock Skew Based Node Identification in Wireless Sensor Networks (2008)

Node identification is one of the most important issues to wireless sensor network security. Current approaches use cryptographic authentication and certification tools to ensure the node identification, while this paper introduces an intuitive method to identify a node by measuring its clock skew. This method is based on our observation that every sensor node has a unique clock skew value that is different from any other node. We adopt Flooding Time Synchronization Protocol (FTSP) as the measuring tools, and the experimental data show that almost all measured clock skews of one sensor node vary inside a tiny bound. For any two nodes that their clock skews are very close to each other, a classifying function is proposed to check the line continuity of contiguous measured clock skews. The proposed method has successfully identified every node in our experiments, and its applications like Sybil attack detection is also discussed.
Cold energy generation characteristics of an adsorption heat pump using a direct heat exchange module (1996)

Heat and mass transfer processes in an adsorption heat pump (AHP) using a direct heat exchange module (DS-module) of silica gel were experimentally studied and compared with those for an AHP with a multiple adsorbent tube (MAT) type adsorber. Ultimate heat transfer enhancement for an adsorber of the AHP was almost achieved by using the DS-module and the possibility of its application to a refrigerator for producing low-temperature cold heat energy was proposed. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Heat Trans. Jpn Res, 25(7): 460–465, 1997
When a patient with a bleeding disorder needs dental work (1990)

Patients with bleeding disorders need close cooperation between their physician and their dental practitioner to receive safe, comprehensive dental care. When indicated, physicians must advise a compromised treatment plan to avoid deep injections or surgical procedures that may initiate a bleeding crisis in patients at risk. The conditions most commonly seen that require special consideration are long-term use of antithrombotic agents, platelet dysfunction caused by chronic renal failure, and congenital clotting factor deficiencies. Even these patients may undergo a high-risk procedure, such as periodontal surgery, with adequate precautions and preparation.
From core collapse to superluminous: The rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory (2022)

We present measurements of the local core-collapse supernova (CCSN) rate using SN discoveries from the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF). We use a Monte Carlo simulation of hundreds of millions of SN light-curve realizations coupled with the detailed PTF survey detection efficiencies to forward model the SN rates in PTF. Using a sample of 86 CCSNe, including 26 stripped-envelope SNe (SESNe), we show that the overall CCSN volumetric rate is CCv=9.10-1.27+1.56× 10-5SNe yr-1Mpc-3, h703 at za = 0.028, and the SESN volumetric rate is SEv=2.41-0.64+0.81× 10-5SNe yr-1Mpc-3, h703. We further measure a volumetric rate for hydrogen-free superluminous SNe (SLSNe-I) using eight events at z ≤ 0.2 of SLSN-Iv=35-13+25 SNe yr-1Gpc-3, h703, which represents the most precise SLSN-I rate measurement to date. Using a simple cosmic star formation history to adjust these volumetric rate measurements to the same redshift, we measure a local ratio of SLSN-I to SESN of ∼1/810+1500-94, and of SLSN-I to all CCSN types of ∼1/3500+2800-720. However, using host galaxy stellar mass as a proxy for metallicity, we also show that this ratio is strongly metallicity dependent: in low-mass (logM∗ < 9.5 M·) galaxies, which are the only environments that host SLSN-I in our sample, we measure an SLSN-I to SESN fraction of 1/300+380-170 and 1/1700+1800-720 for all CCSN. We further investigate the SN rates a function of host galaxy stellar mass, and show that the specific rates of all CCSNe decrease with increasing stellar mass.
Analysis and Optimization of Terahertz Bolometer Antennas (2016)

Bolometer antennas are required to have not only a large gain-bandwidth product but also a fast heating rate suitable for video rate operation. However, while the gain-bandwidth product of an antenna increases with the fraction of the antenna bulk volume occupied by its enclosing sphere, its heating rate decreases. In this paper, we show that for a typical heating rate requirement, wire antennas such as dipole and bow-tie antennas are preferable over planar antennas such as triangular and pentagonal antennas. More complex bent-wire antenna geometries achieved by a genetic algorithm are shown to yield better performance.
Post harvest storage effect on essential oil content and composition ofCymbopogon distans(Nees ex Steud.) Wats. (2016)

The members of Cymbopogon genus are of commercial importance owing to have essential oils, which are highly prized in flavor and fragrance industries. Cymbopogon distans (Nees ex Steud.) Wats. is an under-explored aromatic member of this genus which is found abundantly wild in western and central Himalayan region. The lemon-scented chemotype of C. distans, domesticated in foothills was studied for post harvest storage under shade and open field conditions. The results revealed that there were no losses in essential oil content up to 15 days of storage (0.46%) under shade conditions. However, in field conditions a loss of 6.52% and 10.87% of essential oil was observed over a fresh herb after 7 days and 15 days of storage, respectively. Major constituents of the essential oil, viz.geranial (20.3–25.9%), neral (13.2–17.5%), geraniol(15.3–18.6%), and geranyl acetate (17.2–23.0%) showed change under post harvest storage. In conclusion, C. distans should preferably be distilled a fresh or it may be stored in shade conditions up to 15 days without any loss of essential oil.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN BODY-MASS INDEX AND SURGERY FOR ROTATOR CUFF TENDINITIS (2004)

There is an association between obesity and shoulder repair surgery in men and women who are fifty-three to seventy-seven years of age. The results of the present study suggest that increasing body-mass index is a risk factor for rotator cuff tendinitis and related conditions.
RF Tests of RF-Dipole Prototype Crabbing Cavities for LHC High Luminosity Upgrade (2017)

The superconducting rf-dipole crabbing cavity is one of the two crabbing cavity designs proposed for the LHC high luminosity upgrade. The proof-of-principle (P-o-P) rf-dipole cavity operating at 400 MHz has demonstrated performance exceeding the design specifications. The prototype cavity for SPS beam test has been designed to include the fundamental power coupler, HOM couplers, and all the ancillary components intended to meet the design requirements. The crab cavities will be installed in the SPS beam line prior to the installation in LHC; this will be the first crabbing cavity operation on a proton beam. The fabrication of two prototype rf-dipole cavities is currently being completed at Jefferson Lab. This paper presents the details on cavity processing and cryogenic test results of the rf-dipole cavities.
Dip-pen nanolithography of optically transparent cationic polymers to manipulate spatial organization of proteolipid membranes (2011)

Herein we report on an approach to use dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) to rapidly prototype nano- and microscale cationic polymer structures that guide the transport of lipid molecules in a fluid membrane. An atomic force microscope (AFM) tip is used to transfer poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDAC) to a silica surface that templates the self-assembly of a phospholipid bilayer. Based on AFM and high-resolution optical microscopy data, DPN-generated PDAC structures are optically transparent and composed of up to three molecular layers of polyelectrolyte. We demonstrate that patterns can juxtapose mobile and immobile ligands in a supported lipid bilayer that simultaneously engages the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and adhesion receptors on the cell surface. In principle, DPN-generated polyelectrolyte structures have important applications in investigating supramolecular protein assemblies in living cells.
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators : a comprehensive textbook (1994)

The Process of Defibrillation. The Defibrillation Threshold: A Reliable Method for Rapid Determination of Defibrillation Efficacy. Unipolar Defibrillation. Basic Concepts in Tachycardia Management by Pacing. Low-Energy Cardioversion. Stored Ventricular Electrogram Analysis in the Management of Patients with Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators. Engineering Considerations in the Design of ICD Systems. Energy Storage and Delivery. The Effects of External Interference on ICSs and PMs. Data Storage. Historical Development of the AICD. Indications for the Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator. Survival of Patients with Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators. Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators in Children and Adolescents. Strategies for Management of Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias: Role of Pharmacotherapy, Surgery, Ablation and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator. Pre-operative Evaluation for Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implant. Surgical Techniques for the Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator. Intra-operative Testing. Anaesthesia for Surgical Placement of Automatic Internal Cardioverter-Defibrillators. Post-operative Care of the Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) Patient.
MST Kinases Monitor Actin Cytoskeletal Integrity and Signal via c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Stress-Activated Kinase To Regulate p21Waf1/Cip1 Stability (2009)

As well as providing a structural framework, the actin cytoskeleton plays integral roles in cell death, survival, and proliferation. The disruption of the actin cytoskeleton results in the activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway; however, the sensor of actin integrity that couples to the JNK pathway has not been characterized in mammalian cells. We now report that the mammalian Ste20-like (MST) kinases mediate the activation of the JNK pathway in response to the disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. One consequence of actin disruption is the JNK-mediated stabilization of p21(Waf1/Cip1) (p21) via the phosphorylation of Thr57. The expression of MST1 or MST2 was sufficient to stabilize p21 in a JNK- and Thr57-dependent manner, while the stabilization of p21 by actin disruption required MST activity. These data indicate that, in addition to being components of the Salvador-Warts-Hippo tumor suppressor network and binding partners of c-Raf and the RASSF1A tumor suppressor, MST kinases serve to monitor cytoskeletal integrity and couple via the JNK SAPK pathway to the regulation of a key cell cycle regulatory protein.
Two-step triangular phase-shifting method for 3-D object-shape measurement (2005)

Traditional sinusoidal phase-shifting algorithms involve the calculation of an arctangent function to obtain the phase, which results in slow measurement speed. This paper presents a novel high-speed two-step triangular phase-shifting approach for 3-D object measurement. In the proposed method, a triangular gray-level-coded pattern is used for the projection. Only two triangular patterns, which are phase-shifted by 180 degrees or half of the pitch, are needed to reconstruct the 3-D object. A triangular-shape intensity-ratio distribution is obtained by calculation of the two captured triangular patterns. Removing the triangular shape of the intensity ratio over each pattern pitch generates a wrapped intensity-ratio distribution. The unwrapped intensity-ratio distribution is obtained by removing the discontinuity of the wrapped image with a modified unwrapping method commonly used in the sinusoidal phase-shifting method. An intensity ratio-to-height conversion algorithm, which is based on the traditional phase-to-height conversion algorithm in the sinusoidal phase-shifting method, is used to reconstruct the 3-D surface coordinates of the object. Compared with the sinusoidal and trapezoidal phase shifting methods, the processing speed is faster with similar resolution. This method therefore has the potential for real-time 3-D object measurement. This has applications in inspection tasks, mobile-robot navigation and 3-D surface modeling.