gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Downhole Scale Formation and Inhibition in Mild Sulphate Scaling Conditions (2005)

Proposal The presence of a mild scaling regime in a field necessitates effective measures to be taken to prevent scale formation before production is adversely impacted. However, in many cases the scaling regimes are too mild to be investigated by conventional laboratory inhibitor test protocols under realistic timescales. In such cases, laboratory testing of inhibitor chemicals can often be achieved by conventional methods only by artificially increasing the severity of the scaling regime, and thus potentially underestimating the field performance of the inhibitor. A novel dynamic core blocking test procedure which allows laboratory evaluation of inhibitor performance in such mild scaling regimes within realistic timescales has been developed and applied to a field-specific case. In this paper, we report the further development of this test method. We describe a field example in which inhibitor performance and inhibitory mechanism have been examined using this method, allowing scale squeeze treatments to be recommended at lower percent sea water breakthrough of ~ 30 % rather than the originally planned level of ~ 50%.
FERMI-LAT OBSERVATIONS OF THE GEMINGA PULSAR (2010)

El PDF auto-archivado en Digital.CSIC es el PRE-PRINT del autor.-- arXiv:1007.1142. -- 32 páginas, 12 figuras, 3 tablas. -- Autores: Abdo, Aous A. ... [et al.]
The structure of mouse L1210 dihydrofolate reductase‐drug complexes and the construction of a model of human enzyme (1987)

The structure of mouse L1210 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) complexed with NADPH and trimethoprim has been refined at 2.0 A resolution. The analogous complex with NADPH and methotrexate has been refined at 2.5 A resolution. These structures reveal for the first time details of drug interactions with a mammalian DHFR, which are compared with those observed from previous X-ray investigations of DHFR/inhibitor complexes. The refined L1210 structure has been used as the basis for the construction of a model of the human enzyme. There are only twenty-one sequence differences between mouse L1210 and human DHFRs, and all but two of these are located close to the molecular surface: a strong indication that the active sites are essentially identical in these two mammalian enzymes.
Effect of a Prepregnancy Pertussis Booster Dose on Maternal Antibody Titers in Young Infants (2011)

To examine the influence of a pertussis booster vaccination on the transfer of maternal antibodies, 24 nonpregnant women received a tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis booster vaccine between 2 consecutive pregnancies. Blood was drawn from mothers and off-spring. Efficient transplacental antibody transfer and significantly higher antibody titers against 3 pertussis antigens were observed in cord blood and in blood of 1-month-old infants born after a maternal booster vaccination compared with results in their siblings born before the booster administration.
A wafer-level burn-in technology using the contactor controlled thermal expansion (2002)

A new wafer-level burn-in (WLBI) technology is reported in this paper. By this, firm contacts on 2,756 bond pads provided on a 6" diameter wafer are made in a temperature range from room to 125/spl deg/C. In order to establish the contacts, a polyimide membrane with nickel bumps (ASMAT/sup (R/) manufactured by Nitto Denko Corp.) is used The polyimide membrane is fixed on a ring of ceramic having a thermal expansion coefficient similar to the silicon substrate so the entire membrane tracks the silicon during thermal changes. The other feature is the use of localized pressure-sensitive conductive rubber (PCR/sup TM/ manufactured by Japan Synthetic Rubber Co. Ltd.) establishing connections between the bumps provided on the polyimide membrane and the wiring substrate. The atmospheric pressure in the space between the bumps and the wafer is decreased in order to apply a uniform pressure in-between. By this, problems such as the thermal expansion difference and the thermal shrinkage of polyimide membrane are solved simultaneously. In addition to these, problems of the deviations of bump heights (/spl plusmn/3 /spl mu/m) and the warp of the wiring substrate (/spl plusmn/6 /spl mu/m) are solved by the use of localized pressure sensitive conductive rubber. This leads to a realization of a cost effective and reliable WLBI.
Dysfunction of guinea-pig pulmonary surfactant and type II pneumocytes after repetitive challenge with aerosolized ovalbumin (1997)

Background Asthma symptoms may partially be caused by a surfactant dysfunction. The inflammatory reaction, so characteristic of asthma, involves a protein invasion of airways which harmfully affects the surfactant function. However, mild asthma attacks might also impede the surfactant synthesis in alveolar type II cells. Objective The present study evaluates the hypothesis that type 11 pneumocyte metabolic function might be disturbed in a model of mild asthma. Methods Immunized, as well as not immunized control guinea-pigs, were challenged three times at two-day intervals with 0.04% ovalbumin aerosol. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed one day after the last challenge and the fluid was evaluated for surface activity, and content of phospholipids and proteins. Alveolar type II cells were isolated and their ability to incorporate a 3H labeled surfactant precursor was evaluated. Results BAL fluid from immunized and challenged animals showed less surface activity (P < 0.01) when compared with BAL fluid from controls, not immunized but challenged. Most likely the reduced surface activity was caused by a 14% increase in the protein concentration (P < 0.05). Isolated type II cells from immunized and challenged animals had 33% less phospholipids than cells from controls (P < 0.05), and phosphatidylcholine synthesis was reduced 35% (P < 0.05). Conclusion Conclusion These results suggest that the synthesis, intra-cellular storage, and biophysical activity of surfactant are decreased in an intermittent and mild form of asthma.
P04.14 Loss of oligodendroglial features at recurrence in five diffuse low-grade glioma patients treated with repeated surgery (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Diffuse low-grade gliomas (DLGG) are characterized by a continuous growth and an unavoidable anaplastic transformation. IDH mutation and 1p19q codeletion have been integrated to the 2016 WHO classification to define the oligodendroglioma entity. Whenever feasible, neurosurgical resection is the first treatment option. At recurrence, a second surgical resection is proposed in selected cases. The consistency of molecular patterns (IDH mutation, 1p19q codeletion) at recurrence has been poorly studied in DLGG. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective study on consecutive DLGG patients treated at our institution with repeated surgery (2006–2017). Clinical and biological data were collected for both the initial and subsequent surgery. Additional immunohistochemistry (including tumor morphology, ATRX and p53) and genetic analyses (TERT promoter mutation, CIC mutation, CGHa) were also performed on tumors with joint loss of IDH mutation and of 1p19q codeletion at recurrence. RESULTS A total of 71 patients were identified. Analyses were carried out on 56 patients (molecular data missing: n=15). Nine patients (16.1%) presented with a loss of their IDH mutation at second surgery. Five of them (8.9%) had an additional loss of their 1p19q codeletion. These five cases (3 men, median age 36.6 years) were all treated with surgery as the first oncological treatment. The first surgery revealed in all cases tumors with morphological oligodendroglial features, IDH mutation and 1p19q codeletion. Further molecular analysis strengthened the diagnosis of oligodendroglioma (TERT promoter and CIC mutations, no ATRX loss, no expression of p53). Four patients were followed-up after the first surgery; one patient received Temozolomide 14 months later due to FLAIR tumor volume growth. Because of the regrowth of the residual FLAIR tumor volume, a second surgery was performed in all patients, after a median time of 38.9 months. The morphological oligodendroglial features were lost, and the genetic analyses revealed in all cases no IDH mutation, no 1p19q codeletion, no ATRX loss and no expression of p53. No evidence of anaplasia was found histologically or by CGHa analysis in these recurrent tumors. CONCLUSION We describe five DLGG patients with a shared histo-molecular evolution characterized by the loss of the initial IDH mutation and of oligodendroglial features at second surgery. While rare, this possible evolution must be acknowledged as it can impact the subsequent therapeutic strategy. This observation is the first of a loss of founder alterations in DLGG genesis (i.e. IDH mutation and 1p19q codeletion); the involved mechanism likely differs from the previously described oligoclonal selection caused by spontaneous tumor genetic drift and/or pressure of chemotherapy, and could be linked with the Darwinian selection of a subpopulation of tumor cells after the first surgery.
In vivo characterization of site-directed mutations in the promoter of the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcripts (1993)

Transient expression assays in PC12 cells showed that the cAMP response element (CRE) and the TATA box of the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcripts (LATs) promoter are essential for basal expression. Recombinant viruses were generated containing site-specific mutations in these motifs. The abilities of these recombinants to replicate, express LATs and reactivate from latency were compared with wild-type and marker-rescued viruses in a murine ocular model. The acute replication of these TATA and CRE mutant viruses was at a level equivalent to their respective marker-rescued viruses. The reactivation of virus was unaffected by mutation in the TATA box as compared with wild-type or marker-rescued viruses. In situ hybridization of TATA box mutant virus-infected ganglia, however, showed threefold fewer LAT-positive neurons than wild-type virus-infected ganglia, with consistently weaker hybridization signals. Thus, this TATA box is required for normal expression of the LATs but not for efficient reactivation. The LATs CRE mutant reactivated with slightly but reproducibly reduced frequency and delayed kinetics relative to marker-rescued virus. By in situ hybridization, however, the percentage and intensity of LATs-positive neurons were found to be comparable for the CRE mutant- and wild-type virus-infected ganglia, suggesting that the CRE is dispensable for abundant LATs expression but that a reactivation function of the LATs may depend upon the presence of the CRE. Finally, using a modified assay for examining the timing of reactivation, we showed that the induction of viral reactivation by addition of exogenous cAMP can occur independently of the LATs.
Calculations of synchrotron radiation emission in the transverse coherent limit (2009)

We present approximations for the synchrotron radiation emission for low emittance light sources, which provide a connection between user needs and the electron beam parameters. The results and calculations are a consequence of the phase coherence in the emission from the electrons. We derive the remarkable result that if the electron beam is energetic enough, the emitted flux is independent of the photon energy, electron beam energy, or bending radius in the transverse coherent limit. Similarly the brightness is identical for all machines at a given current.
Predicting resistance to dasatinib therapy for patients with Philadelphia-positive leukemia with prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor failure (2014)

"Predicting resistance to dasatinib therapy for patients with Philadelphia-positive leukemia with prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor failure." Leukemia & Lymphoma, 56(7), pp. 1922–1923
Vibrational Stark Spectroscopy of NO Bound to Heme:  Effects of Protein Electrostatic Fields on the NO Stretch Frequency (2000)

The vibrational Stark effect measures the effect of an external electric field on the vibrational (IR) spectrum of a molecule. This technique gives quantitative information on the sensitivity of a vibrational peak position to an electric field. This calibration can be used to evaluate shifts in the vibrational frequency caused by changes in the local electric field in the organized electrostatic matrix of a protein, for example, by mutating amino acid residues near the vibration whose frequency is probed. We report vibrational Stark effect measurements for NO bound to several distal pocket mutants of myoglobin, (Val68Asp, Val68Asn, Val68Glu, and His64Val). These mutations were designed to perturb the electrostatic field near the NO bound to the heme iron. The magnitude of the change in dipole moment, |Δμ|, for the vibration of NO bound to heme is found to be approximately 0.12 D/f, that is, the Stark tuning rate is 2.0/f cm-1/(MV/cm) (where f is the local field correction) for a series of distal pocket mutants for which the vibrational frequency, ν̄NO, varies by over 60 cm-1 and also for a picket fence model compound. Both |Δμ| and the dispersion of ν̄NO are similar to those reported for CO bound to the heme iron (Park, E. S.; Andrews, S. S.; Hu, R. B.; Boxer, S. G., J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 9813−9817). This correlation can be quantitatively explained if the dispersion in ν̄NO and ν̄CO is modeled as an electrochromic band shift due to the interaction of the change in dipole moment of the oscillator and the electric field of the protein. The slope of the correlation is given by the measured ratio ΔμNO/ΔμCO obtained from the vibrational Stark effect data.
Synthesis and characterization of B–C polymer hollow microspheres from a new organodecaborane preceramic polymer (2015)

A new poly(norbornenyldecaborane-<italic>co</italic>-hexadiene) (P(NB-<italic>co</italic>-DE)) copolymer as a kind of boron carbide preceramic polymer was synthesized by the ROMP reaction. And it was used to fabricate B–C polymer hollow microspheres by microencapsulation.
Growth of epitaxial PrO2 thin films on hydrogen terminated Si (111) by pulsed laser deposition (1990)

A new epitaxial oxide, PrO2, has been grown on Si (111) by pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction shows that films are oriented with the PrO2[111] direction parallel to the substrate [111]. The full width at half maximum for the omega rocking curve on the PrO2 (222) peak is as low as 0.75°, while phi scans indicate in-plane epitaxial alignment to better than one degree. In the best quality films, epitaxy is almost pure type-b epitaxy which is characteristic of epitaxial CaF2 on Si. To achieve epitaxy, it is essential to remove the native silicon oxide from the substrate prior to film growth. This is done at room temperature using a wet-chemical hydrogen-termination procedure.
No Place Like Home? High Residency and Predictable Seasonal Movement of Whale Sharks Off Tanzania (2020)

Highly mobile marine megafauna species, while widely distributed and frequently threatened, often aggregate in distinct localized habitats. Implementation of local management initiatives within these hotspots is more achievable than developing effective conservation strategies that encompass their entire distributions. Such measures have the potential for disproportionate population-level benefits but rely on a detailed understanding of spatiotemporal habitat use. To that end, we examined the residency and small-scale habitat use of 51 whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) over 5 years at an aggregation site in Tanzania using passive acoustic telemetry. Whale sharks were highly resident within and across years, with a combined maximum residency index of 0.39. Although fewer sharks were detected from March to September, residency was high throughout the year. Ancillary photographic-identification data showed that individual residency persisted before and after tag attachment. Kernel utilization distributions and movement networks both revealed the same spatiotemporal pattern of habitat use, with a small core habitat (50% KUD area for all sharks combined = 12.99 km2) that predictably changed on a seasonal basis. Activity spaces did not differ with time of day, sex or size of the sharks, indicating a population-level pattern driven by prey availability. The small and predictable core habitat area at this site means that site-based management options to reduce shark injuries and mortality from boat strike and fishing gear entanglement can be spatially targeted for maximum effectiveness and compliance by human users.
Evaluation of System Identification Methods for Free Vibration Flutter Derivatives of Long-Span Bridges (2023)

The significance of long-span bridges being susceptible to wind-induced vibrations and the need for evaluating their aerodynamic performance is the focus of this study. The main emphasis is on experimental methods for assessing the bridges’ aerodynamic stability, using sectional model tests with the free vibration technique. The dynamic properties of the model are determined from the measured response, using various system identification methods, including the modified Ibrahim time domain (MITD) and iterative least squares (ILS) for two-degree-of-freedom systems and the logarithmic decrement method (LDM) and the Hilbert transform method (HTM) for single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems. A new dynamic testing setup was designed to facilitate single-degree-of-freedom (heave and pitch) and coupled two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) motion in a wind tunnel section model. The vertical and torsional stiffnesses of the model were adjusted with elastic springs. A Great Belt Bridge section model was selected for testing due to its streamlined aerodynamic shape. The direct and crossflow derivatives were extracted from the measured response using the system identification methods mentioned. Additionally, analytical studies and numerical computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted to validate the experimental results. The study found that HTM is most effective in SDOF due to its ability to extract both damping and frequency from the nonlinear response, whereas the MITD method is faster in converging system parameters in 2DOF system tests. The experimental and numerical results are comparable to the flat plate, which confirms the streamlined behavior of the Great Belt section from an aerodynamic perspective.
High current beam dynamics simulation in the proton storage ring (2003)

A macroparticle computer model was used to simulate the injection and circulation of a high-intensity beam in the INR (Institute for Nuclear Research) proton storage ring. The substantial influence of space charge field nonlinearity on the stored beam parameters was shown. This influence manifests itself in betatron spectrum of the stored particles. The simulation results have shown that the main modes of the storage ring can be realized with satisfactory parameters of extracted beams.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Space Shift Keying (SSK) Modulation with Partial Channel State Information: Optimal Detector and Performance Analysis over Fading Channels (2010)

Space Shift Keying (SSK) modulation is a new and recently proposed transmission technology for Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless systems, which has been shown to be a promising low-complexity alternative to several state-of-the-art MIMO schemes. So far, only optimal or heuristic transceivers with Full Channel State Information (F-CSI) at the receiver have been investigated, and their performance analyzed over fading channels. In this paper, we develop and study the performance of the optimal Maximum-Likelihood (ML) detector with unknown phase reference at the receiver (i.e., Partial-CSI, P-CSI, knowledge). A very accurate analytical framework for the analysis and optimization of this novel detector over generically correlated and non-identically distributed Nakagami-{m} fading channels is proposed, and its performance compared to the optimal receiver design with F-CSI. Numerical results will point out that: i) the performance of SSK modulation is significantly affected by the characteristics of fading channels, e.g., channel correlation, fading severity, and, particularly, power imbalance among the transmit-receive wireless links, and ii) unlike ordinary modulation schemes, there is a substantial performance loss when the receiver cannot exploit the phase information for optimal receiver design. This latter result highlights the importance of accurate and reliable channel estimation mechanisms for the efficient operation of SSK modulation over fading channels. Analytical frameworks and theoretical findings will also be substantiated via Monte Carlo simulations.
Anaerobic Digestion: The Rate-Limiting Process and the Nature of Inhibition (1975)

Although attractive as a method for creating preferred fuel from cellulose wastes, the anaerobic digestion process is very slow. A new hypothesis is that phase transfer of products is rate-limiting and product gases inhibit the methanogenic bacteria. In a phase transfer-assisted digester, bacterial reproduction is very rapid.
Evaluation of microchip capillary electrophoresis with external contactless conductivity detection for the determination of major inorganic ions and lithium in serum and urine samples (2008)

The determination of inorganic ions in clinical samples in less than 90 seconds was demonstrated for microchip capillary electrophoresis using capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C(4)D). Bare electrophoresis chips were used in combination with external electrodes which were part of the chip holder. In order to achieve the required selectivity and sensitivity, an optimization of the electrode layout was carried out. Limits of detection (LOD) of 1 microM for K(+), 1.5 microM for Ca(2+), 3 microM for Na(+), 1.75 microM for Mg(2+) and 7.5 microM for Li(+) were achieved. The determination of inorganic cations (NH(4)(+), K(+), Na(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+)) and anions (Cl(-), NO(3)(-), SO(4)(2-), phosphate) in blood serum and urine samples was possible in one common electrolyte solution containing 15 mM L-arginine, 10.75 mM maleic acid and 1.5 mM 18-crown-6 at pH 5.90 by simply switching the separation voltage from positive to negative polarity. Lithium, present at significant levels when used for therapeutic purposes, can also be determined in blood serum using a slightly modified background electrolyte solution.
[Acute effects of the natural atmospheric ozone exposure on lung function of clinically normal smokers and non-smokers]. (1990)

The influence of moderate ambient ozone exposure on spirometric lung function and bronchial responsiveness was analyzed in 13 healthy adult nonsmokers and 11 asymptomatic smokers. The study was divided into an initial investigation at low atmospheric ozone concentrations of about 80 (range 68-102) micrograms/m3 and a subsequent similar testing at moderately elevated ozone concentrations above 140 (range 145-205) micrograms/m3. Overall there was a slight but significant impairment in forced expiratory volumes (p less than 0.002) at elevated compared with low ozone concentrations. Furthermore, a significant increase in bronchial responsiveness was shown, with a decrease in threshold dose for inhaled metacholine to produce a 50% fall in specific airway conductance (p less than 0.02). In both smokers and nonsmokers there was a similar change in lung function at ambient ozone concentrations, with more pronounced bronchial irritation in the smokers group. It is concluded that even moderately elevated ambient ozone concentrations can induce slight but significant ventilatory obstruction and an obvious increase in bronchial responsiveness in healthy adults. Although the minor impairment of lung function did not cause manifest acute respiratory problems, it still reduced maximal physical ventilation capacity. The results further support the assumption that air pollution may act as a primary trigger in the development of obstructive airway disease.