gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Odd-mode Doherty power amplifier (2016)

This paper presents a novel doherty architecture, providing wideband efficient RF power amplification along-with wideband class-AB second harmonic terminations for a rugged and reliable operation. A prototype is developed, based on this architecture which provides more than 40% average efficiency at an average output power of 220W over most of the UHF broadcast band, while maintaining the peak output power capability of more than 1.4kW. The second harmonic at the output of the DPA is suppressed by more than 30dBc and the pre-distortability of the DPA is demonstrated with commercially available broadcast TV transmitter exciters.
Current trends in access and transport architectures for business customers (1996)

An increasing number of business customers are using broadband integrated access to provide high-performance connectivity for new services and applications, and to lower costs for traditional telecommunications services. This paper examines the origins of this trend and explores architectural approaches to meeting emerging customer requirements.
Reducing the thermal stress in a heterogeneous material stack for large-area hybrid optical silicon-lithium niobate waveguide micro-chips (2017)

The bonding of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) to lithium niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) is becoming important for a new category of linear and nonlinear micro-photonic optical devices. In studying the bonding of SOI to LNOI through benzocyclobutene (BCB), a popular interlayer bonding dielectric used in hybrid silicon photonic devices, we use thermal stress calculations to suggest that BCB thickness does not affect thermal stress in this type of structure, and instead, thermal stress can be mitigated satisfactorily by matching the handles of the SOI and LNOI. We bond LNOI with a silicon handle to a silicon chip, remove the handle on the LNOI side, and thermally cycle the bonded stack repeatedly from room temperature up to 300°C and back down without incurring thermal stress cracks, which do appear when using LNOI with a lithium niobate handle, regardless of the BCB thickness. We show that this process can be used to create many hybrid silicon-lithium niobate waveguiding structures on a single patterned SOI chip bonded to a large-area (16 mm × 4.2 mm) lithium niobate film.
The genetic basis of durum wheat germination and seedling growth under osmotic stress (2014)

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) is mainly produced under rainfed but often sub-optimal moisture conditions in the Mediterranean basin. A set of 114 durum wheat recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from the cross of cultivars Omrabi5 Ă Belikh2 were tested for the ability to tolerate moisture deficiency at the germination and early seedling growth stage. The stress was imposed by exposing the germinating grain to 12 % polyethylene glycol. It induced a measurable reduction in root length, shoot length, and the percentage of normal seedlings. The germination and seedling growth of Belikh2 were more strongly inhibited than those of Omrabi5, and both parents were outperformed by > 50 % of the RILs. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was carried out by first assembling a linkage map from 265 informative microsatellites. Composite interval mapping revealed nine QTL spread over seven chromosomes. Five of these were associated with coleoptile length, and one of the five explained nearly 29 % of the relevant phenotypic variance. The coleoptile length was significantly correlated with the seedling growth, plant height, and thousand kernel mass derived from field-grown plants of the same RIL population.
TIME-DEPENDENT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY BEYOND THE ADIABATIC APPROXIMATION (2001)

I review recent advances in understanding the physical character of the exchange-correlation (xc) potential in time-dependent density functional theory. I show that in an electron gas of slowly varying density the dynamical part of the xc potential is an extremely nonlocal functional of the density. This difficulty can be circumvented by introducing an xc vector potential that is a function of the local current density. The form of this vector potential is entirely specified by symmetry. Its physical effects are analogous to those of the viscous force in the Navier-Stokes equation of classical hydrodynamics. Recent applications of the xc vector potential to the calculation of infrared absorption linewidths in quantum wells are described.
Spatially Adaptive Colocalization Analysis in Dual-Color Fluorescence Microscopy (2019)

Colocalization analysis aims to study complex spatial associations between bio-molecules via optical imaging techniques. However, existing colocalization analysis workflows only assess an average degree of colocalization within a certain region of interest and ignore the unique and valuable spatial information offered by microscopy. In the current work, we introduce a new framework for colocalization analysis that allows us to quantify colocalization levels at each individual location and automatically identify pixels or regions where colocalization occurs. The framework, referred to as spatially adaptive colocalization analysis (SACA), integrates a pixel-wise local kernel model for colocalization quantification and a multi-scale adaptive propagation-separation strategy for utilizing spatial information to detect colocalization in a spatially adaptive fashion. Applications to simulated and real biological datasets demonstrate the practical merits of SACA in what we hope to be an easily applicable and robust colocalization analysis method. In addition, theoretical properties of SACA are investigated to provide rigorous statistical justification.
One Health in food safety and security education: A curricular framework (2015)

The challenges of producing and distributing the food necessary to feed an anticipated 9 billion people in developed and developing societies by 2050 without destroying Earth's finite soil and water resources present extremely complex problems that lack simple solutions. The ability of modern societies to adequately address these and other food-related problems will require an educated workforce trained not only in traditional food safety, security, and public health, but also in other areas including food production, sustainable practices, and ecosystem health. To help address the need for such an educated workforce, a curricular framework was developed to assist those tasked with designing education and training for future food systems workers. One sentence summary: A curricular framework for education and training in food safety and security was developed that incorporates One Health concepts.
Under‐folded proteins: Conformational ensembles and their roles in protein folding, function, and pathogenesis (2013)

For decades, protein function was intimately linked to the presence of a unique, aperiodic crystal-like structure in a functional protein. The two only places for conformational ensembles of under-folded (or partially folded) protein forms in this picture were either the end points of the protein denaturation processes or transiently populated folding intermediates. Recent years witnessed dramatic change in this perception and conformational ensembles, which the under-folded proteins are, have moved from the shadow. Accumulated to date data suggest that a protein can exist in at least three global forms-functional and folded, functional and intrinsically disordered (nonfolded), and nonfunctional and misfolded/aggregated. Under-folded protein states are crucial for each of these forms, serving as important folding intermediates of ordered proteins, or as functional states of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and IDP regions (IDPRs), or as pathology triggers of misfolded proteins. Based on these observations, conformational ensembles of under-folded proteins can be classified as transient (folding and misfolding intermediates) and permanent (IDPs and stable misfolded proteins). Permanently under-folded proteins can further be split into intentionally designed (IDPs and IDPRs) and unintentionally designed (misfolded proteins). Although intrinsic flexibility, dynamics, and pliability are crucial for all under-folded proteins, the different categories of under-foldedness are differently encoded in protein amino acid sequences.
Importance of the Nucleotide Loop Moiety Corrdinated to the Cobalt Atom of Adenosylcobalamin for Coenzymic Function in the Diol Dehydrase Reaction. (1993)

Three analogs of adenosylcobalamin were synthesized and their coenzymic properties in the diol dehydrase reaction were studied. Neither adenosylcobinamide nor adenosylcobinamide phosphate was active as coenzyme and showed very low affinity for apoenzyme, irrespective of the presence of nucleotide loop fragments, such as 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole, alpha-D-ribazole, or alpha-D-ribazole-3'-phosphate. The coordination of pyridine to the cobalt atom neither confers the coenzymic function upon adenosylcobinamide nor strengthens the inhibitory effect of cyanoaquacobinamide and methylcobinamide significantly. The analog of adenosylcobalamin in which the N-3 position of 5,6-dimethylbenz-imidazole is methylated was also not active as coenzyme and showed very low affinity for apoenzyme. Since 3,5,6-trimethylbenzimidazole in this analog is no longer coordinated to the cobalt atom, these results show that at least a part of the nucleotide loop moiety coordinated to the cobalt atom of adenosylcobalamin is essential for tight binding to the apoenzyme and therefore for manifestation of coenzymic function.
Polymer-encased vesicles derived from dioctadecyldimethylammonium methacrylate (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymer-encased vesicles derived from dioctadecyldimethylammonium methacrylateHiroyuki. Fukuda, Tadeusz. Diem, James. Stefely, Ferenc J. Kezdy, and Steven L. RegenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 9, 2321–2327Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00269a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00269a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Applying computer technology in financial management: an example of the amortisation schedule (2000)

Technology advances in software have been considerable in recent years. An example of one significant advance is the integration of a structured programming language with the capabilities of traditional spreadsheet software. This paper illustrates how a basic amortisation schedule template can be made more functional by complementing the spreadsheet template with a structured programming language. Construction of an amortisation schedule in a spreadsheet that will change the number of payments is an important issue for many spreadsheet users. The enhanced template will present a field of view that is unencumbered by extraneous cell formulas which may confuse users of a traditionally constructed template. The paper provides an algorithm for use by professionals interested in enhancing their capabilities relating to structured finance issues.
Comprehensive investigation of absolute optical properties of organic materials (2008)

The dispersive absorption coefficient and refractive index are the key optical functions in optimizing the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. The optical functions of organic materials have been generally determined and reported by, for example, using ellipsometry and photoluminescence excitation. However, these methods cannot provide much physical understanding of the optical functions. In addition, conclusive studies on the origins of the optical functions of the organic materials are limited. In this paper, we first determine the absolute optical functions by using ellipsometry against different oscillator models. We can then find out the better oscillator model to be used with ellipsometry together for determining the experimental optical functions. The next step is to determine and explain the origins of the experimentally determined optical functions by investigating the molecular orbitals and electronic transitions of organic molecules through time-dependent density functional theory. This comprehensive study is conducted on two popular materials of tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminium (Alq3) and 4,4′ bis[N-(1-napthyl)-N-phenyl-amino]-biphenyl (NPD). © 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Altered insulin response to glucose in weight-losing cancer patients. (1994)

Cancer cachexia and the underlying metabolic disturbances are due in part to either altered insulin release and action. Glucose intolerance in cancer patients is frequently observed but the nature of the insulin response is not usually described. The aim of this study was to investigate the insulin response in fasted, weigh-losing cancer patients following an oral glucose load (75 g). All cancer patients (n = 35) showed glucose intolerance. Three types of response were identified; those with an increased insulin: glucose ratio (I:G) at 60 min, (average 12.3, n = 13), those with a normal I:G (average 7.2 n = 7) and those with a decrease I:G (average 4.2, n = 15). Fasting plasma glucose concentrations were normal in all groups prior to the glucose tolerance test. However, patients with the lowest I:G also had the lowest fasting plasma insulin concentrations, the lowest plasma albumin concentrations and the highest plasma triglyceride concentrations. Those patients with an abnormal insulin response (either high or low I:G) had significantly greater weight loss (16% for low I:G group, 13% for the high I:G) compared to the normal responders (8%). Plasma fatty acid concentrations were increased in all cancer patients and decreased appropriately after glucose administration, indicating that lipolysis remained sensitive to the action of insulin. It is concluded that weight loss in cancer is associated with glucose intolerance and an abnormal insulin response, and that this response is indicative of either insulin resistance (high I:G) or decreased pancreatic function (low I:G). These findings suggest a role for insulin replacement therapy in the latter group of patients.
FC-SLAM: Federated Learning Enhanced Distributed Visual-LiDAR SLAM In Cloud Robotic System (2019)

SLAM has shown great values in many fields such as self-driving cars, virtual reality and robotic localization, etc. Cloud robot based collaborative SLAM can effectively improve the efficiency of mapping tasks. However, place recognition and matching accuracy among different robots can greatly affect the map fusion performance of the entire SLAM system. Therefore, this paper presents a learning architecture for cooperative SLAM named FC-SLAM, a distributed SLAM in cloud robotic systems by taking advantage of federated learning to enhance the performance of visual-LiDAR SLAM. Additionally, we propose a federated deep learning algorithm for feature extraction and dynamic vocabulary designation which works in real-time on cloud workstation. FC-SLAM can ensure real-time collaborative SLAM by keep the original images on robot side instead of sending them to the cloud server. We test our system on open datasets and in simulated environment. The results show that it has better feature extraction performance than SIFT and ORB under illumination and viewpoint changes. Besides, map fusion is conducted to generate a global map according to place matching relation of distributed robots.
Usefulness of techniques based on real time PCR for the identification of onychomycosis‐causing species (2017)

Onychomycosis (OM) is a nail infection caused mainly by dermatophyte species but other species of yeast and moulds are frequently involved as well. Classical diagnosis has limitations thus empirical treatment is common. The usefulness of different real time PCR (RT-PCR) assays for identifying species causing OM was assessed in samples from seventy patients and fifteen controls. Conventional methods and four different RT-PCR assays were used: a panfungal, a pandermatophyte and two specific assays for detecting Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. Fungal elements were visualised in 58% of the samples, and 54% of cultures were positive. Panfungal and pandermatophyte RT-PCR were positive in 28% and 60%, respectively, and the sensitivity relative to positive cultures was 47% and 90%. Candida spp. were detected in 76% of samples analysed and Aspergillus spp. in 60%. These species were also present in 80% of control cases. In conclusion, molecular techniques were useful but showed limitations. The panfungal assay showed a low sensitivity, the pandermatophyte assay was sensitive and specific but did not allow for differentiation among species of dermatophytes. Finally, the role of non-dermatophyte species detected by using specific RT-PCR techniques should be carefully analysed as these species were also present in healthy nails.
Risk-specific intensity of surveillance practices in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: Results from the BCAN/SUO/AUA/LUGPA electronic survey. (2011)

251 Background: The ideal surveillance regimen for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is uncertain. Given different grade- and stage-specific risks of recurrence and progression, there is some question whether it might be acceptable to pursue less intensive surveillance practices for patients with lower risk disease, and there is a paucity of data on current patterns of care in this area of practice. Methods: An electronic survey was developed by the Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network (BCAN) to elicit self-reported practices of cystoscopy, cytology, and radiographic testing in the setting of surveillance for patients with a history of NMIBC. The survey was circulated to urologists via the AUA, SUO and LUGPA distribution lists. 512 respondents completed the survey. Results: Among respondents, 66% report performing cystoscopy every 3 months on all patients for at least the first two years following diagnosis of NMIBC. The remaining 33% report performing surveillance cystoscopy less frequently, 95% of whom report doing so in the setting of low grade pathology. Similarly, 51% report using cytology with every cystoscopy, 23% do so for all high grade cases, and 30% report not using cytology with every cystoscopy. In the absence of recurrence for patients with an initial high grade diagnosis, upper tract reimaging is performed annually in 48%, biannually in 37% and never in 3%. The corresponding figures for patients with an index diagnosis of low grade disease are 14%, 37% and 28%, respectively. In the event of a recurrence in the bladder, 80% of respondents report reimaging the upper tracts for patients with high grade disease, versus 45% in the event of a low grade recurrence. Conclusions: A substantial number of urologists responding to a survey report using relatively less intensive surveillance practices in patients with lower risk NMIBC. These results suggest a lack of consensus on the ideal intensity of evaluation in this setting, and provide a basis for prospective studies to validate the safest and most cost-effective strategies for surveillance. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Conducting Clinical Trials (2006)

EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINESackett has defined evidence based medicine (EBM) as "the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients.The practice of EBM means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research."(1).Sources of external clinical evidence include clinical research (of which randomized controlled trials are only a part), research from basic science, and research which synthesises expert opinion.A hierarchy has been proposed (Table 1) for use in evaluating this evidence.
Human RME-8 Is Involved in Membrane Trafficking through Early Endosomes (2008)

RME-8 is a DnaJ-domain-containing protein that was first identified in Caenorhabditis elegans as being required for uptake of yolk proteins. RME-8 has also been identified in other species, including flies and mammals, and the phenotypes of their RME-8 mutants suggest the importance of this protein in endocytosis. In the present study, we cloned human RME-8 (hRME-8) and characterized its biochemical properties and functions in endocytic pathways. hRME-8 was found to be a peripheral protein that was tightly associated with the membrane via its N-terminal region. It partially colocalized with several early endosomal markers, but not with late endosomal markers, consistent with observations by immunoelectron microscopy. When cells were transfected with a panel of dominant-active Rab proteins, hRME-8 was confined to large vacuoles induced by expression of Rab5aQ79L, but not by Rab7Q67L. Expression of C-terminally-truncated hRME-8 mutants led to the formation of large puncta and vacuoles, and compromised endocytic pathways through early endosomes, i.e., recycling of transferrin and degradation of epidermal growth factor. Taken together, these results indicate that hRME is primarily involved in membrane trafficking through early endosomes, but not through degradative organelles, such as multivesicular bodies and late endosomes.
Human saliva stimulates skin and oral wound healing in vitro (2019)

Despite continuous exposure to environmental pathogens, injured mucosa within the oral cavity heals faster and almost scar free compared with skin. Saliva is thought to be one of the main contributing factors. Saliva may possibly also stimulate skin wound healing. If so, it would provide a novel therapy for treating skin wounds, for example, burns. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic wound healing potential of human saliva in vitro. Human saliva from healthy volunteers was filter sterilized before use. Two different in vitro wound models were investigated: (a) open wounds represented by 2D skin and gingiva cultures were used to assess fibroblast and keratinocyte migration and proliferation and (b) blister wounds represented by introducing freeze blisters into organotypic reconstructed human skin and gingiva. Re-epithelialization and differentiation (keratin K10, K13, K17 expression) under the blister and inflammatory wound healing mediator secretion was assessed. Saliva-stimulated migration of skin and oral mucosa fibroblasts and keratinocytes, but only fibroblast proliferation. Topical saliva application to the blister wound on reconstructed skin did not stimulate re-epithelization because the blister wound contained a dense impenetrable dead epidermal layer. Saliva did promote an innate inflammatory response (increased CCL20, IL-6, and CXCL-8 secretion) when applied topically to the flanking viable areas of both wounded reconstructed human skin and oral mucosa without altering the skin specific keratin differentiation profile. Our results show that human saliva can stimulate oral and skin wound closure and an inflammatory response. Saliva is therefore a potential novel therapeutic for treating open skin wounds.