gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On random network coding based information dissemination (2005)

We study the gains to be had by using random linear coding (RLC) for simultaneously disseminating k distinct messages in a network of n nodes in a decentralized and distributed manner for arbitrary k and n. The goal is to rapidly disseminate all the messages among all the nodes. Any node can communicate with any of the other nodes but only one at a time, nodes only have knowledge about their own contents, and the bandwidth for every transmission between two nodes is limited (does not scale with k or n). An efficient and well-studied protocol for message dissemination in such a framework is randomized gossip based message dissemination. The problem has been studied extensively without using any coding for message dissemination. We show using analysis and simulation that, in the regime k ges (ln(n)) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , RLC based dissemination reduces the dissemination time (the time-steps to disseminate all the messages among all the nodes) by a factor of otimes(ln(n)) as compared to disseminating the messages sequentially (i.e., one after the other) as implicit in most non-coding based technique. In the regime k les (ln(n)) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , the dissemination time with RLC goes down by a factor of Omega(radick / ln k). More precisely, our results indicate that a RLC based protocol disseminates all the messages among all the nodes in time ck + O(radick ln(k)(ln(n)) for a suitable constant c > 0. Analytical results show that, c < 3.46 using pull based dissemination, and c < 5.96 using push based dissemination, but reported simulations suggest c < 2 might be a tighter bound
Acid-Catalyzed 1,5-Hydride Transfer (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcid-Catalyzed 1,5-Hydride TransferPhilip E. ShawCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 7, 2116–2119Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01345a015Request reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (582 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The size of the aryl linker between two polyaza-cyclophane moieties controls the binding selectivity to ds-RNA vs. ds-DNA (2013)

Aryl-linked (pyridine- vs. phenanthroline-) bis-polyaza pyridinophane scorpiands PYPOD and PHENPOD strongly bind to the double stranded DNA and RNA, whereby very intriguing RNA over DNA selectivity is finely tuned by aryl-linker length and aromatic surface. Moreover, PYPOD and PHENPOD dimer formation at high compound/polynucleotide ratios is highly sensitive to the fine interplay between the steric and binding properties of compound-dimers and the DNA minor groove/RNA major groove. That is demonstrated by significantly different induced CD spectra, which allow spectroscopic differentiation between various DNA/RNA secondary structures. A significantly higher (micromolar) antiproliferative effect of PYPOD and PHENPOD on human cell lines with respect to previously reported pyridine-based tripodal aliphatic polyamines is attributed to masked positive charges and increased hydrophobicity of novel compounds, resulting in more efficient membrane permeation and cellular uptake.
Integrated and Organized Cellular Energetic Systems (2009)

Abstract Bioenergetics as a part of biophysical chemistry and biophysics is a quantitative science that is based on several fundamental theories. The definition of energy itself is given by the first law of thermodynamics, and application of the second law of thermodynamics shows that the living cells can only function as open systems in which internal order (low entropy state) is maintained by increasing the entropy in surrounding medium (Schrödinger's principle of negentropy). For this mechanism, exchange of mass is needed that yields metabolism as the sum of catabolism and anabolism. The free‐energy changes taking place during metabolic reactions obey rules of chemical thermodynamics, which deals with Gibbs free energy of chemical reactions and with electrochemical potentials. For application of these theories to the integrated systems in vivo , complex cellular organization should be accounted for: macromolecular crowding, metabolic channeling and functional coupling mechanisms caused by close and tight protein–protein interactions, compartmentation of enzymes, as well as both macrocompartmentation and microcompartmentation of substrates and metabolites in cells should be considered. For integration of these system components, effective methods of communication, including compartmentalized energy transfer systems, are required. These systems are represented in muscle cells by phosphotransfer networks, mostly by creatine kinase and adenylate kinase systems. System analysis of these networks shows their central role both in energy transfer and metabolic feedback regulation of mitochondrial function, in regulation of ion fluxes and cellular energetics during increased workload by synchronizing the cellular electrical and mechanical activities with energy supply and substrate oxidation.
9 Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with right bundle branch block: should prophylactic pacing be undertaken? (2022)

More than half of patients with RBBB undergoing TAVI require PPM shortly after their valve implant. A prophylactic pacing strategy is safe, reduces length of hospital stay, and is cost effective in the United Kingdom.
Binding of respiratory syncytial virus particles to platelets does not result in their degranulation in vitro (2022)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe respiratory infection in infants and elderly. The mechanisms behind severe RSV disease are incompletely understood, but a dysregulated immune response likely plays an important role. Platelets are increasingly being recognized as immune cells and are involved in pathology of several viruses. The release of chemokines from platelets upon activation may attract for example neutrophils to the site of infection, which is a hallmark of RSV pathology. In addition, since RSV infections are sometimes associated with cardiovascular events and platelets express several known RSV receptors, we investigated the effect of RSV exposure on platelet degranulation. Washed human platelets were incubated with sucrose-purified RSV particles. P-selectin and CD63 surface expression and CCL5 secretion were measured to assess platelet degranulation. We found that platelets bind and internalize RSV particles, but this does not result in degranulation. Our results suggest that platelets do not play a direct role in RSV pathology by releasing chemokines to attract inflammatory cells.
Orbital Angular Momentum-resolved Dual-comb Spectroscopy towards Topological Material Studies (2019)

Orbital angular momentum-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy towards topological material studies is demonstrated. The developed method is a new type of multi-dimensional interferometric comb spectroscopy, generalizing longitudinal and transverse optical modes.
UWB microwave imaging array for nondestructive testing applications (2013)

This paper presents the design of a switched ultrawideband (UWB) microwave imaging array. The imaging array is designed as an interlaced bi-static transmit and receive array in order to provide optimal coverage of the sample being imaged. The array utilizes wideband Vivaldi antennas as the array elements. The array is designed for optimal spacing between its elements to satisfy the requirements of synthetic aperture imaging. The calibration procedure and utility of this array is presented.
Endogenous YAP activity potentiates GSK3 inhibitors-induced proliferation of cardiomyocytes. (2022)

【Background】
The role of angiotensins in aldosterone production. (1976)

The hypothesis that the COOH-terminal heptapeptide mediates the aldosterone-stimulating activity of angiotensin II was evaluated by comparing the relative effects on aldosterone production of angiotensin II and the heptapeptide to angiotensin analogues that are poorly metabolized to the heptapeptide and to a nonapeptide, des-Asp-1-angiotensin I, that is directly converted to the heptapeptide. In in vivo studies utilizing the adrenocorticotropic hormone-suppressed bilaterally nephrectomized dog, angiotensin II and the heptapeptide produced statistically significant increases in both aldosterone and cortisol secretory rates (P less than 0.001 for both relations). Sar-1-angiotensin II stimulated the production of both steroids to the same extent, but had much longer duration of action. [Poly(oAc)Seryl]angiotensin II was a weak agonist, having only about 30% of the steroidogenic potency of either angiotensin II or the heptapeptide. In equimolar concentrations des-Asp-1-angiotensin I had about one-half of the aldosterone-stimulating activity of the hepatpeptide. In in vitro studies, employing the trypsin-dispersed cat adrenal zona glomerulosa cells, the steroidogenic potency of angiotensin II and the heptapeptide was identical to maximal aldosterone production of 10(-8) M peptide concentration. By contrast, the response to Sar-1-angiotensin II was approximately a 10-fold increase in relative potency, while the response to [poly(oAc)Seryl]angiotensin II demonstrated a 10-fold decrease. These findings suggest that, although the heptapeptide may play an important role in the regulation of aldosterone production, the possibility remains open that angiotensin II could stimulate aldosterone biosynthesis without prior conversion to the heptapeptide.
Development of Custom Wall-Less Cardiovascular Flow Phantoms with Tissue-Mimicking Gel (2021)

Abstract Purpose Flow phantoms are used in experimental settings to aid in the simulation of blood flow. Custom geometries are available, but current phantom materials present issues with degradability and/or mimicking the mechanical properties of human tissue. In this study, a method of fabricating custom wall-less flow phantoms from a tissue-mimicking gel using 3D printed inserts is developed. Methods A 3D blood vessel geometry example of a bifurcated artery model was 3D printed in polyvinyl alcohol, embedded in tissue-mimicking gel, and subsequently dissolved to create a phantom. Uniaxial compression testing was performed to determine the Young’s moduli of the five gel types. Angle-independent, ultrasound-based imaging modalities, Vector Flow Imaging (VFI) and Blood Speckle Imaging (BSI), were utilized for flow visualization of a straight channel phantom. Results A wall-less phantom of the bifurcated artery was fabricated with minimal bubbles and continuous flow demonstrated. Additionally, flow was visualized through a straight channel phantom by VFI and BSI. The available gel types are suitable for mimicking a variety of tissue types, including cardiac tissue and blood vessels. Conclusion Custom, tissue-mimicking flow phantoms can be fabricated using the developed methodology and have potential for use in a variety of applications, including ultrasound-based imaging methods. This is the first reported use of BSI with an in vitro flow phantom.
Tailoring engineered cementitious composites for impact resistance (2012)

This paper presents results of deliberate tailoring of engineered cementitious composites (ECC) for impact resistance. Microstructure control involving fiber, matrix and fiber/matrix interface was based on steady-state dynamic crack growth analyses accounting for rate dependence of composite phases. Uniaxial tensile stress–strain curves of the resulting impact resistant ECC were experimentally determined for strain rates ranging from 10− 5 s− 1 to 10− 1 s− 1. Low speed drop weight tower test on ECC panels and beams was also conducted. Damage characteristics, load and energy dissipation capacities, and response to repeated impacts, were studied.
raw data for 'Orientational self-sorting: formation of structurally defined Pd₄L₈ and Pd₆L₁₂ cages from low-symmetry dipyridyl ligands' (2022)

raw data for 'Orientational self-sorting: formation of structurally defined Pd₄L₈ and Pd₆L₁₂ cages from low-symmetry dipyridyl ligands' DOI: 0.1039/d1cc03828a <em><strong>Chem. Commun.</strong></em>, 2021,<strong>57</strong>, 10023-10026
Organic fluorine compounds. XIV. Syntheses and reactions of (trifluoromethyl)indoles (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic fluorine compounds. XIV. Syntheses and reactions of (trifluoromethyl)indolesYoshiro Kobayashi, Itsumaro Kumadaki, Yoshibumi Hirose, and Yuji HanzawaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 13, 1836–1838Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00927a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00927a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views331Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
London Dispersion Favors Sterically Hindered Diarylthiourea Conformers in Solution (2022)

Abstract We present an experimental and computational study on the conformers of N , N ′‐diphenylthiourea substituted with different dispersion energy donor (DED) groups. While the unfolded anti – anti conformer is the most relevant for thiourea catalysis, intramolecular noncovalent interactions counterintuitively favor the folded syn – syn conformer, as evident from a combination of low‐temperature nuclear magnetic resonance measurements and computations. In order to quantify the noncovalent interactions, we utilized local energy decomposition analysis and symmetry‐adapted perturbation theory at the DLPNO‐CCSD(T)/def2‐TZVPP and sSAPT0/6‐311G(d,p) levels of theory. Additionally, we applied a double‐mutant cycle to experimentally study the effects of bulky substituents on the equilibria. We determined London dispersion as the key interaction that shifts the equilibria towards the syn – syn conformers. This preference is likely a factor why such thiourea derivatives can be poor catalysts.
Das Verhalten der Blutlipide beim generalisierten Sanarelli-Shwartzman-Phänomen (1964)

Im Mittelpunkt der Pathogenese des generalisierten Sanarelli-Shwartzman-Phänomens (SSP) beim Kaninchen steht ein intravasaler GerinnungsprozeB (Lasch u. Mitarb.). Fibrinreiche Thromben in der Kreislaufperipherie sind das charakteristische morphologische Indiz dafür (Bohle u. Mitarb.). Sie sind genauso Folge der intravasalen Coagulation wie der konsekutive Zusammenbruch der Hämostase durch Verbrauch von Gerinnungsfaktoren und Blutplättchen. Sterben die Tiere später als 6 Std nach der Zweitinjektion von Endotoxin im Schock, so lassen sich charakteristische, doppelseitige Nierenrindennekrosen nachweisen. Die intravasale Gerinnung ist Folge einer vermehrten Freisetzung von Thrombin in der Blutbahn, wofür — wie an anderer Stelle ausgeführt — Plättchen-Desintegration und Gefäßwandschaden mit Freiwerden thromboplastischer Substanzen einerseits und der Schock mit „sludging“ und Mikrozirkulationsstörung andererseits verantwortlich zu machen sind (Lasch u Mitarb.).
A system for counting and recording electrical impulses in printed decimal form (1952)

This paper describes a system for adding and subtracting electrical impulses and recording the algebraic sum of the impulses in printed decimal form.The paper is divided into four main sections. The first section describes in general the overall system. The second section describes the solenoid controlled adding machine. The third section describes the electronic counters and sub-assemblies. The fourth section is an appendix which contains more detailed data on the counters and the scanning system. The appendix also contains data on additional gating and counting arrangements which may be used for special applications. Only the first three sections will be presented but copies of the entire paper will be available in approximately two months from this date. Copies my be obtained by writing to Clary Multiplier Corporation, Engineering Department, 408 Junipero Street, San Gabriel, California.
Abstract 14608: Functional Screening Identifies Micrornas Inducing Cardiac Regeneration (2012)

In mammals, embryonic development of the heart depends on the increase in cardiomyocyte number, but shortly after birth cardiac myocytes stop proliferating and further growth of the myocardium occu...
Antigenic and Adjuvant Activities of Branched Aliphatic Oligoester (M-DL-LA) Microspheres with Incorporated Bovine Rotavirus (2002)

Branched aliphatic oligoester microspheres (msp) with incorporated rotavirus were used to induce the production of systemic and mucosal antibodies in mice. The msp with a mean diameter of 7.4 microm were prepared by the w/o/w technique. The mice were immunized intraperitoneally or orally. High ELISA titres of systemic and local IgG and IgA antibodies were indicative of rotavirus incorporation and of the adjuvant activity of msp. Oral immunization with a split dose administered on three consecutive days, resulted in the production of systemic IgG and IgA antibodies, but failed to induce the production of mucosal antibodies even if the immunization dose was increased threefold. Specific antibodies were detectable in faeces of orally immunized mice only after another triple administration of the same dose in the fourth week of the experiment. Reactions of blood serum IgG with the structural viral proteins VP4, VP6, and VP7 were demonstrated by western blotting. Both systemic, and faecal IgA antibodies were specific for the VP6 protein and the dimeric form of the glycoprotein VP4.
Novel Synthetic Retinoid Agonists and Antagonists (1994)

Retinoic acid acts as a specific modulator of cellular differentiation and proliferation. Its natural and synthetic analogs, classified as retinoids, can be applied to the chemotherapy in the field of dermatology and oncology. Various benzoic acid derivatives exhibited the specific biological responses of retinoic acid and were named retinobenzoic acids. Especially, the aromatic amides such as Am80 and Am580 have better therapeutic effects than retinoic acid. N-Methylation of these highly active aromatic secondary amides caused the disappearance of the activity due to the change of the amide conformation from trans into cis. From such observations, the conformation of the linking group between alkyl-substituted benzene ring and benzoic acid moiety is an important factor for the activity. Some retinobenzoic acids do not bind to the cellular-retinoic acid-binding protein, but bind to nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs) with the binding affinity corresponding to the potency of their biological activities. Among them, Am80 can bind to two of the three RAR subtypes (RAR alpha and beta). The selectivity is favorable for the clinical application of retinoid since it has possibility to elicit a part of a number of the biological activities of retinoic acid.
Changes in ecological characteristic and soil carbon sequestration along the retrogressive succession of grassland ecosystem on western Songnen Plain (2012)

Grassland degradation is one of the major ecological problems in western Jilin province. Grassland degradation changes the carbon balance of grassland ecosystem. During the degradation, different plant communities of grassland ecosystem formed along the retrogressive succession in western Songnen Plain, such as Leymus chinensis→Chloris virgata→Puccinellia tenuiflora→Suaeda glauca, then saline-alkali land. The experimental sites were located in Jiang-jia-dian meadow, which is one of the largest three natural Leymus chinensis steppe in China. The chronosequence approach (space-for-time substitution) is a viable tool for obtaining integrated information on successional studies, the primary objective of this study was to certain the impact of retrogressive succession on the soil carbon sequestration of grassland ecosystem. Six sampling strips (50cm×50cm) and four profiles were selected in each experimental sites for measuring plant species, cover, aboveground biomass, soil bulk density, total N and soil organic carbon. The results showed that the plant community composition changed, and the number of plant species and the cover decreased. Moreover, SOC were positively related to soil moisture and soil total nitrogen (P&#60;0.05), retrogressive succession caused by grassland degradation affected not only in the surface layer, but also notably in the deeper layers. It is not a simple carbon source, moderate grassland degradation had a positive effect on carbon reserve while excessive degradation would accelerate the loss of grassland carbon reserve.
Inversion of SBL Data Acquired in Shallow Waters (2004)

E020 INVERSION OF SBL DATA ACQUIRED IN SHALLOW WATERS Introduction 1 The Sea Bed Logging (SBL) method is described by Eidesmo et al. (2002). The main idea is to use an active source to probe the underground for thin high resistive layers. Hydrocarbon filled reservoirs will typically have a resistivity that is one to two orders of magnitude higher than a water filled reservoir. It will also have a resistivity that is one to two orders of magnitude higher than the surrounding shale or mudrock and this is sufficient to support a partially guided wave that will leak energy up