gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Cerebral High-Mobility Group Box 1 Protein Attenuates Multiple Organ Damage and Improves T Cell-Mediated Immunity in Septic Rats (2019)

Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of mortality in intensive care units, but there is a shortage of effective treatments. A dysregulated host immune response and multiple organ injury are major factors for the pathogenesis and progression of sepsis, which require specific mechanism and treatment. In the present study, we performed an intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of BoxA, a specific antagonist of high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), in septic rats that were produced by cecal ligation and puncture surgery; we further assessed the functional changes of multiple organs and splenic T lymphocytes. We found that the inhibition of cerebral HMGB1 significantly alleviated multiple organ damage under septic exposure, including damage to the heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys; reversed the immune dysfunction of T cells; and increased the survival of septic rats. These data suggest that central HMGB1 might be a potential therapeutic target for septic challenge and that inhibition of brain HMGB1 can protect against multiple organ dysfunction induced by sepsis.
Neurogenesis in the Adult Olfactory Epithelium (2015)

Neurogenesis has long been recognized as a property of the adult olfactory epithelium. The olfactory epithelium is a pseudo-stratified, columnar epithelium containing three cell compartments: the superficial supporting cells, the medially located sensory neurons, and the basal cells. The basal cells of the olfactory epithelium have traditionally been divided into two categories on the basis of morphology: horizontal basal cells (HBCs) and globose basal cells (GBCs). This chapter discusses, among other things, the regulation of olfactory neurogenesis, and the molecular regulation of olfactory neurogenesis. Regulation of proliferation, differentiation, survival, and death during olfactory neurogenesis requires multiple factors operating in multiple signaling pathways. All cells in epithelium and lamina propria may play roles in maintaining sensory neuron number and survival. The clinical applications of olfactory neurogenesis include transplantation repair of the spinal cord, and olfactory stem cell models of brain diseases.
Creating Poly(ethylene oxide)-Based Polyelectrolytes for Thin Film Construction Using an Ionic Linker Strategy (2010)

This paper describes the conversion of poly(ethylene oxide) into a polyelectrolyte by use of an ionic linker strategy, and its subsequent use in fabricating polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH). The resulting thin films were found to exhibit reverse size-selectivity, in which the permeation of a relatively large CO2 molecule was favored over He. The potential of this new approach for modifying the bulk properties of PEMs is briefly discussed.
Cellular Distribution of a Colonic Adenoma-Associated Antigen as Defined by Monoclonal Antibody Adnab-9 (1992)

Adenomatous colonic polyps constitute a precursor for colorectal cancer. Antibodies to these precancerous lesions might identify specific early tumor antigens. Adnab-9 is a murine monoclonal antibody raised against membranes of colonic adenomas. Adnab-9 binding in colonic washings (effluent) correlates with the presence of colorectal cancer. Immunohistochemical staining with Adnab-9 shows cytoplasmic reactivity in scattered cells in 4 of 31 adenomatous tissue sections, 0 of 14 sections of colorectal cancer cells, and 1 of 8 normal-appearing colonic mucosa specimens examined. Adnab-9 recognized a dominant M(r) 87,000 protein species in tissue extracts in the membrane-bound fraction of effluent by Western blotting. Adnab-9 binding by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in adenomatous extracts is higher than cancer or normal tissue, is membrane-bound, and is absent from established colorectal cancer cell lines. This distribution and nature of immunostaining suggest that Adnab-9 recognizes a determinant associated with the membrane component of a subpopulation of adenoma cells which may have a role in early colorectal neoplasia.
Studies on Cerebral Protective Agents. II. Novel 4-Arylpyrimidine Derivatives with Anti-anoxic and Anti-lipid Peroxidation Activities. (2). (1992)

In a search for new cerebral protective agents with anti-anoxic (AA) and anti-lipid peroxidation (ALP) activities, a series of 4-arylpyrimidines, bearing an amino moiety in the C-5 position of the pyrimidine nucleus, was synthesized and tested for AA and ALP activities. Among them, 6-methyl-5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyl)-4-(3-nitrophenyl )-2-phenylpyrimidin e (41, FK360) was most effective on both assays and on arachidonate-induced cerebral edema in rats. Structure-activity relationships in regard to AA activity of this series of compounds are also discussed.
Dynamique et synchronisme de réplication de l'ADN dans des cellules vivantes -- Analyse de marqueurs fluorescents (2015)

International audience
Structural relationships for large-scale learning of answer re-ranking (2012)

Supervised learning applied to answer re-ranking can highly improve on the overall accuracy of question answering (QA) systems. The key aspect is that the relationships and properties of the question/answer pair composed of a question and the supporting passage of an answer candidate, can be efficiently compared with those captured by the learnt model.
A Formulation for the Static Permittivity of Water and Steam at Temperatures from 238 K to 873 K at Pressures up to 1200 MPa, Including Derivatives and Debye–Hückel Coefficients (1997)

A new formulation is presented of the static relative permittivity or dielectric constant of water and steam, including supercooled and supercritical states. The range is from 238 K to 873 K, at pressures up to 1200 MPa. The formulation is based on the ITS-90 temperature scale. It correlates a selected set of data from a recently published collection of all experimental data. The set includes new data in the liquid water and the steam regions that have not been part of earlier correlations. The physical basis for the formulation is the so-called g-factor in the form proposed by Harris and Alder. An empirical 12-parameter form for the g-factor as a function of the independent variables temperature and density is used. For the conversion of experimental pressures to densities, the newest formulation of the equation of state of water on the ITS-90, prepared by Wagner and Pruss, has been used. All experimental data are compared with the formulation. The reliability of the new formulation is assessed in all subregions. Comparisons with previous formulations are presented. Auxiliary dielectric-constant formulations as functions of temperature are included for the saturated vapor and liquid states. The pressure and temperature derivatives of the dielectric constant and the Debye–Hückel limiting-law slopes are calculated, their reliability is estimated, and they are compared with experimentally derived values and with previous correlations. All equations are given in this paper, along with short tables. An implementation of this formulation for the dielectric constant is available on disk [A. H. Harvey, A. P. Peskin, and S. A. Klein, NIST/ASME Steam Properties, NIST Standard Reference Database 10, Version 2.1, Standard Reference Data Program, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD (1997)].
Status of the 6.5m MMT Telescope laser adaptive optics system (2010)

The Laser Adaptive Optics system of the 6.5 m MMT telescope has now been commissioned with Ground Layer Adaptive Optics operations as a tool for astronomical science. In this mode the wavefronts sampled by each of five laser beacons are averaged, leading to an estimate of the aberration in the ground layer. The ground layer is then compensated by the deformable secondary mirror at 400 Hz. Image quality of 0.2-0.3 arc sec is delivered in the near infrared bands from 1.2-2.5 &mu;m over a field of view of 2 arc minutes. Tomographic wavefront sensing tests in May 2010 produced open loop data necessary to streamline the software to generate a Laser Tomography Adaptive Optics (LTAO) reconstructor. In addition, we present the work being done to achieve optimal control PID wavefront control and thus increase the disturbance rejection frequency response for the system. Finally, we briefly describe plans to mount the ARIES near infrared imager and echelle spectrograph, which will support the 2 arc min ground-layer corrected field and will exploit the diffraction limit anticipated with LTAO.
Auxin gradients across wood – instructive or incidental? (2013)

Various aspects of wood formation have been linked to the action of auxin, e.g. cambial activity, dormancy, secondary cell wall deposition and tension wood formation. The presence of a radial auxin concentration gradient across wood-forming tissue has been suggested to regulate cambial activity and differentiation of cambial derivatives by providing positional information to cells within the tissue. Similar patterning mechanisms that depend on the interpretation of auxin thresholds have subsequently been proposed for shoot and root apical meristems. However, direct evidence for the existence of auxin gradients has only been obtained for the cambium of various tree species. While the auxin gradient theory is based on a plethora of descriptive and pharmacological experiments, in recent years, auxin function on wood formation has been underpinned by molecular and functional data. Here, we review the latest progress in understanding the role of auxin in wood formation and discuss how auxin concentration gradients could be established and interpreted in wood-forming tissues.
[Effects of root growth on leaf litter decomposition and enzyme activity in litter layer]. (2021)

The growth of roots towards aboveground litter layer is a common phenomenon in forest ecosystems. It is of great significance to examine the effects of root presence on litter decomposition for understanding nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. We explored the effects of root growth on leaf litter decomposition, nutrient release and enzyme activities by establishing treatments with and without root with a one year field decomposition experiment in <i>Phoebe zhennan</i> and <i>Castanopsis kawada-mii</i> forests at Sanming, Fujian. The results showed that after 360 days decomposition, leaf litter mass remaining ratio in the treatment with root was 8.4% and 19.7% lower than control, respectively. The presence of root exhibited significant effect on litter decomposition during the 90-180 days. Compared with the control, the remaining ratio of leaf litter carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were 6.0%, 19.1% and 20.6% lower in the treatment with root in the <i>P. zhennan</i> forest, and were 21.3%, 23.2% and 20.5% lower in the <i>C. kawadamii</i> forest, respectively. During the whole decomposition process, root presence did not affect the hydrolytic enzyme activity. After 180 days decomposition, the peroxidase activities in the treatment with root were 111.4% and 92.4% higher than control in the <i>P. zhennan</i> and <i>C. kawadamii</i> forests, respectively. The remaining ratio of leaf litter carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were negatively correlated with the activities of cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, and peroxidase. Root presence in litter layer could accelerate litter decomposition and nutrient release through nutrient uptake and stimulation of oxidase activity.
Lane Change and Merge Maneuvers for Connected and Automated Vehicles: A Survey (2016)

Intelligence in vehicles has developed through the years as self-driving expectations and capabilities have increased. To date, the majority of the literature has focused on longitudinal control topics (e.g. Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), Cooperative ACC (CACC), etc.). To a lesser extent, there have been a variety of research articles specifically dealing with lateral control, e.g., maneuvers such as lane changes and merging. This paper provides a survey of this particular area of vehicle automation. The key topics addressed are control systems, positioning systems, communication systems, simulation modeling, field tests, surroundings vehicles, and human factors. Overall, there has been some successful research and field testing in lane change and merge maneuvers; however, there is a strong need for standardization and even more research to enable comprehensive field testing of these lateral maneuvers, so that commercial implementation of automated vehicles can be realized.
Power4 system design for high reliability (2002)

The Power4 is an integrated system on a chip (SoC) designed for systems that will initially target enterprise Unix customers and, at a later date, O/S 400 customers. Power4 systems are servers comprised of several Power4 chips. To achieve reliability goals, Power4 system design incorporates fault tolerance throughout the hardware, firmware and operating system. Together, these system components provide concurrent and deferred maintenance, multi-level recovery from errors and run-time diagnostics.
A New Tetraprenylhydroquinone Derivative with an Acetic Acid Unit from the Marine Sponge Ircinia muscarum (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA New Tetraprenylhydroquinone Derivative with an Acetic Acid Unit from the Marine Sponge Ircinia muscarumJulia Pérez Baz, Librada M. Cañedo, and Dianne TapiolasView Author Information Pharma Mar S. A., Avda. de León 232, Carbajal, 24196 Leon and Pharma Mar S. A., La Calera 3, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain Cite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1996, 59, 10, 960–961Publication Date (Web):October 22, 1996Publication History Received18 March 1996Published online22 October 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np960367ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/np960367abrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical Society and American Society of PharmacognosyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views182Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Marine sponges,Organic acids,Peptides and proteins,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Detection and Recognition for Fault Insulator Based on Deep Learning (2018)

Insulators are exerting an important influence in transmission lines. The timely detection of insulator explosion defects is an important guarantee for the safe operation of power systems. This paper puts forward an algorithm that detect the insulators' self-detonation defect based on deep learning. First, a Faster R-CNN target detection network is used to quickly classify and locate the insulators on the transmission lines. Then, a semantic segmentation to the located insulators is carried out by constructing a full convolutions neural network. In the end, the finished insulator image is input into the classification network to judge whether the insulator is burst. The experimental results show that the accuracy of insulator fault explosion recognition based on deep learning reaches more than 99%, and the intelligent design effectively improves the efficiency of the power transmission system.
Can Myocardial Stunning Contribute to Myocardial Infarction During Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery? (1993)

Myocardial stunning commonly occurs after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Myocardial stunning can be cardioprotective under some conditions, but in other situations may actually contribute to myocardial infarction (MI). Vascular endothelial stunning may be one of the mechanisms by which myocardial stunning can cause MI. It has been found that 15 minutes of reversible ischemia is enough to cause elevations in vascular resistance and impairment of vasodilator responsiveness. However, no correlation between contractile dysfunction and microvascular stunning has been observed. Transduction defects (increased oxygen extraction and consumption despite normal regional oxygen blood flow and delivery) may be another mechanism by which stunning predisposes to MI, indicating uncoupling of substrate utilization from energy production. In addition, abnormalities in wall motion, oxygen free radical toxicity, hypotension, use of inotropic agents (leading to increased oxygen consumption, high heart rates, and arrhythmias) increase the risk of cellular necrosis. Following CPB, flow limitations due to diffuse atherosclerosis in some areas may result in poor contractility, and newly grafted areas have a high probability of becoming ischemic and stunned. These areas are likely to contribute to MI.
Wettability of Molten Magnesium on Carbon and AlN (2000)

Good wettability between molten metals and solid ceramics is important to fabricate metal matrix composites via a casting route. In this work, the wettability of molten magnesium on carbon and AlN substrate was evaluated. To stabilize the shape of the magnesium drop, the chamber was filled with magnesium vapor prior to the wettability measurement. A good wettability was observed from the magnesium-carbon system. Initial contact angles of molten magnesium on the vitreous carbon and the porous graphite at 973 K were 80° and 74°, respectively. However, the molten magnesium did not show good wettability with AlN. The initial contact angle of molten magnesium on AlN was 119°. The effects of aluminum and zinc addition on the contact angle were also measured. The contact angle of molten Mg-Al alloy on AlN substrate were almost constant (119°) for aluminum additions in the range of 0 to 3 mass%, but mildly reduced to 115° when 10 mass% of aluminum was added. The contact angle of Mg-10 mass%Zn alloy on AlN substrate was 107°, which again was slightly lower than that of pure magnesium.
Overdose Deaths Related to Fentanyl and Its Analogs — Ohio, January–February 2017 (2017)

Ohio is experiencing unprecedented loss of life caused by unintentional drug overdoses (1), with illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) emerging as a significant threat to public health (2,3). IMF is structurally similar to pharmaceutical fentanyl, but is produced in clandestine laboratories and includes fentanyl analogs that display wide variability in potency (2); variations in chemical composition of these drugs make detection more difficult. During 2010-2015, unintentional drug overdose deaths in Ohio increased 98%, from 1,544 to 3,050.* In Montgomery County (county seat: Dayton), one of the epicenters of the opioid epidemic in the state, unintentional drug overdose deaths increased 40% in 1 year, from 249 in 2015 to 349 in 2016 (estimated unadjusted mortality rate = 57.7 per 100,000) (4). IMFs have not been part of routine toxicology testing at the coroner's offices and other types of medical and criminal justice settings across the country (2,3). Thus, data on IMF test results in the current outbreak have been limited. The Wright State University and the Montgomery County Coroner's Office/Miami Valley Regional Crime Laboratory (MCCO/MVRCL) collaborated on a National Institutes of Health study of fentanyl analogs and metabolites and other drugs identified in 281 unintentional overdose fatalities in 24 Ohio counties during January-February 2017. Approximately 90% of all decedents tested positive for fentanyl, 48% for acryl fentanyl, 31% for furanyl fentanyl, and 8% for carfentanil. Pharmaceutical opioids were identified in 23% of cases, and heroin in 6%, with higher proportions of heroin-related deaths in Appalachian counties. The majority of decedents tested positive for more than one type of fentanyl. Evidence suggests the growing role of IMFs, and the declining presence of heroin and pharmaceutical opioids in unintentional overdose fatalities, compared with 2014-2016 data from Ohio and other states (3-5). There is a need to include testing for IMFs as part of standard toxicology panels for biological specimens used in the medical, substance abuse treatment, and criminal justice settings.
Generation of melanocytes from neural crest cells (2011)

The neural crest is a transient structure in vertebrate embryos that generates multiple neural and mesenchymal cell types as well as melanocytes. Melanocytes in the skin either derive directly from neural crest cells populating the skin via a dorsolateral migratory pathway or arise by detaching from nerves innervating the skin. Several transcription factors, such as FoxD3, Sox10, Pax3, and Mitf, take part in a genetic network regulating melanocyte formation from the neural crest. The activity of these intrinsic factors is controlled and modulated by extracellular signals including canonical Wnt, Edn, Kitl, and other signals that remain to be identified. Here, we summarize the current view of how melanocytes are specified from the neural crest and put this process into the context of spatiotemporal lineage decisions in neural crest cells.
Electrochemistry at Lipid Monolayer-Modified Liquid−Liquid Interfaces as an Improvement to Drug Partitioning Studies (2001)

The drug partitioning between membrane and solution has traditionally been approached with bulk thermodynamic models, such as the octanol−water partitioning system. This neglects the orientational and compositional order in biological membranes. In the present study, electrochemistry at a Langmuir−Blodgett phospholipid monolayer-modified liquid−liquid interface has been employed to study the specific interactions between ionized drugs and phosphatidylcholine layers. To this end, AC voltammetric experiments and theoretical modeling accounting for the adsorption of the electroactive species have been carried out. The results point to a mechanism of charge transfer involving an adsorption step. This highlights the fact that in predicting biological activity of drugs, dynamic aspects and chemical interactions need to be considered.
Sample-and-hold amplifiers performing internal antialiasing filtering and their applications in digital receivers (2002)

It is shown that a multichannel sample-and-hold amplifier with weighted integration can perform internal antialiasing filtering when its weight function and the number of channels are properly selected. The advantages of internal antialiasing filtering, which allows the removal of a conventional antialiasing filter, are especially significant in digital receivers.
Cytokine inhibition in severe asthma: current knowledge and future directions (2010)

Studies of antibodies directed against IL-5 and IL-4/IL-13 have yielded some encouraging data in patients with more severe asthma; future large-scale clinical trials are necessary to make definitive conclusions. Ongoing and future clinical investigations of inhibitors directed at IL-9, IL-13, IL-17, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin may offer potential new agents that will play roles in the treatment of severe asthma.