gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spider: a high-speed network interconnect (1997)

SGI's Spider chip-Scalable, Pipelined Interconnect for Distributed Endpoint Routing-create a scalable, short-range network delivering hundreds of gigabytes per second in bandwidth to large configurations. Individual Spider chips sustain a 4.8-Gbyte/s switching rate, connecting to each other and to endpoints across cables up to 5 meters in length. By delivering very high bandwidth-thousands of times higher than standard Ethernet-at low latencies, Spider is ideal for CPU interconnect applications, high-end network switches, or high-performance graphics interconnects. The Spider chip design drew on the principles of computer communications architecture. Isolation between the physical, data link, and message layers led to a well-structured design that is transportable and more easily verified than a nonlayered solution. Because the chip implements all layers in hardware, latency is very low. Thus, we could realize the benefits of layering without sacrificing performance.
Myxoma Virus Protein M029 Is a Dual Function Immunomodulator that Inhibits PKR and Also Conscripts RHA/DHX9 to Promote Expanded Host Tropism and Viral Replication (2013)

Myxoma virus (MYXV)-encoded protein M029 is a member of the poxvirus E3 family of dsRNA-binding proteins that antagonize the cellular interferon signaling pathways. In order to investigate additional functions of M029, we have constructed a series of targeted M029-minus (vMyx-M029KO and vMyx-M029ID) and V5-tagged M029 MYXV. We found that M029 plays a pivotal role in determining the cellular tropism of MYXV in all mammalian cells tested. The M029-minus viruses were able to replicate only in engineered cell lines that stably express a complementing protein, such as vaccinia E3, but underwent abortive or abated infection in all other tested mammalian cell lines. The M029-minus viruses were dramatically attenuated in susceptible host European rabbits and caused no observable signs of myxomatosis. Using V5-tagged M029 virus, we observed that M029 expressed as an early viral protein is localized in both the nuclear and cytosolic compartments in virus-infected cells, and is also incorporated into virions. Using proteomic approaches, we have identified Protein Kinase R (PKR) and RNA helicase A (RHA)/DHX9 as two cellular binding partners of M029 protein. In virus-infected cells, M029 interacts with PKR in a dsRNA-dependent manner, while binding with DHX9 was not dependent on dsRNA. Significantly, PKR knockdown in human cells rescued the replication defect of the M029-knockout viruses. Unexpectedly, this rescue of M029-minus virus replication by PKR depletion could then be reversed by RHA/DHX9 knockdown in human monocytic THP1 cells. This indicates that M029 not only inhibits generic PKR anti-viral pathways, but also binds and conscripts RHA/DHX9 as a pro-viral effector to promote virus replication in THP1 cells. Thus, M029 is a critical host range and virulence factor for MYXV that is required for replication in all mammalian cells by antagonizing PKR-mediated anti-viral functions, and also conscripts pro-viral RHA/DHX9 to promote viral replication specifically in myeloid cells.
Approach to multivariable predictive control applications in residential HVAC direct load control (2002)

The purpose of this paper is to describe a new constrained multivariable predictive control strategy applied in residential HVAC direct load control. In this way, starting from a target load profile prefixed by the utility in order to achieve several objectives-economic, technical-and taking into account customer constraints minimum comfort levels, HVAC limits-this control algorithm provides, in a multiobjective framework, the most suitable HVAC load control strategy to minimize the discrepancies between the controlled load curve and the predefined target load curve. The control system has a closed-loop behavior with a proper and consistent treatment of modeling errors and other disturbances. It is allowed a dynamic modification of the target load curve according to the real-time system behavior. In order to demonstrate its qualities widely, this control system has been applied to modify a real load curve profile under different operating conditions.
Power Supply Issues in E-health Monitoring Applications (2017)

Abstract. Recent years have seen a rapid growth in the development of e-health systems for the continuous remote patient monitoring of physiological data such as temperature, heart rate (HR), Blood pressure (BP), oxygenation (SpO2), respiration and glucose levels. The roll-out of such schemes show promise in delivering improvements in patient care while at the same time reducing both the demand for resources and the financial burden on healthcare systems. These wearable monitoring systems are used to monitor, log and transmit patient data to a central health authority. Depending on the patient, it is often critical that the monitoring system reliability is high to deliver the appropriate patient care and ensure patient safety. However, since wearable systems are solely dependent on battery power, continuous monitoring will rapidly deplete the battery energy making the system prone to failure. In this paper, methods to reduce power consumption will be discussed using the example of prosthetic socket temperature monitoring data
Experimental study of the protein folding landscape: unfolding reactions in cytochrome c (1999)

Hydrogen exchange results for cytochrome c have been interpreted in terms of transient hydrogen bond-breaking reactions that include large unfolding reactions and small fluctuational distortions. The differential sensitivity of these opening reactions to denaturant, temperature, and protein stability makes it possible to distinguish the different opening reactions and to characterize their structural and thermodynamic parameters. The partially unfolded forms (PUFs) observed are few and discrete, evidently because they are produced by the reversible unfolding of the protein's several intrinsically cooperative secondary structural elements. The PUFs are robust, evidently because the structural elements do not change over a wide range of conditions. The discrete nature of the PUFs and their small number is as expected for classical folding intermediates but not for theoretically derived folding models apparently because the simplified non-protein models usually analyzed in theoretical studies encompass only a single cooperative unit rather than multiple separable units.
Microscopic magnetic squeezer (2004)

A microscopic magnetic squeezer based on two magnetic domain walls moving along a one-dimensional potential well generated by a stress line in ferrite garnet films is demonstrated. The squeezer can operate on magnetic objects of size 1–200μm and exert compressive forces up to 10pN. The squeezer operation, i.e., the relative motion of the two domain walls, is well controlled by a small external magnetic field modulation. The squeezer has potential applications in microfluidics and also as sensitive pressure gauges for microbiological systems.
Partial epithelial–mesenchymal transition during enamel development (2022)

The differentiation of E-cadherin-positive pre-ameloblasts towards N-cadherin-positive mature secretory ameloblasts transition through a previously unidentified epithelial/mesenchymal stage derived through p-EMT, co-expressing the master transcription factors Oct4 and Sox2.
39  W narrow spectral linewidth monolithic ytterbium-doped fiber MOPA system operating at 976  nm (2020)

We report on a monolithic narrow spectral linewidth master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) delivering up to 39 W around 976 nm with very high contrast. The amplifier is based on an ytterbium-doped large mode area (LMA) octagonal double clad (DC) active fiber with parameters optimized for long living three-level operation.
Optimal control for fermentative production of fructo-oligosaccharides in fed-batch bioreactor (2019)

The production of high-content fructo-oligosaccharides by fermentation in a fed-batch bioreactor is considered. Fed-batch scenario allows to reduce inhibition mechanisms caused by the presence of by-products, such as glucose, while maximizing biomass production. The determination of the feed flow rate profile that maximizes the concentration of fructo-oligosaccharides is performed by resorting to the maximum principle of Pontryagin. The optimization procedure takes into account inequality constraints on the state and control variables and allows the determination of the unspecified final fermentation time corresponding to maximal fructo-oligosaccharides content. The performance of the approach is demonstrated by simulations in the case of fructo-oligosaccharide production by Aspergillus sp.
Endocrinology and Paracrinology (1996)

Mammalian ovulation has several similarities to local inflammatory reactions, involving participation of leukocytes and inflammatory mediators. In response to a preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge, there is an influx of leukocytes into the preovulatory follicle and uncharacterized chemotactic activity towards these cells has previously been reported in follicular fluid of several species, including the human. In the present study, we have investigated the presence and local production of interleukin-8 (IL-8), a potent leukocyte-chemotactic and neutrophil-activating cytokine, in the human preovulatory follicle. Immunoreactive IL-8 was present in the follicular fluid in all of 12 in-vitro fertilization (IVF) patients investigated. IL-8 concentrations in follicular fluid (1269 +/- 245 pg/ml) were approximately 30-fold higher than in plasma (41 +/- 14 pg/ml). Isolated granulosa cells in culture secreted large amounts of IL-8 protein. Basal secretion of IL-8 was dose-dependently enhanced by the presence of fetal calf serum and was further stimulated by the addition of the ovulation-associated cytokine IL-1 beta. Messenger RNA for IL-8 was detected by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in all tested samples of granulosa cells of IVF patients (n = 8) and in all biopsies from preovulatory follicle walls obtained in natural cycles (n = 6). This is the first demonstration of IL-8 in the mammalian ovary. Local production, combined with high follicular fluid concentrations, suggests that this cytokine plays a role in cyclic ovarian events, such as ovulation.
Container Live Migration for Latency Critical Industrial Applications on Edge Computing (2018)

A new level of factory automation demands processing vast amounts of data, complex orchestration of cyber-physical systems, and coordination of computation as well as communication resources in real-time. Virtualization and decentralized computation is becoming a de-facto solution for factory automation. Edge Computing (EC) is a promising approach to achieve the low latencies required by many industrial systems. It employs resource rich edge servers distributed within a factory that are placed close to end devices and assist them in executing computation intensive tasks and also in coordinating with each other. This paper discusses the requirements and challenges of EC for factory automation applications. In a distributed EC infrastructure, safe and timely operation of industrial applications require load balancing and mobility support and thus a seamless service migration between the edge servers. With the recent advances in virtualization and due to its advantages, virtual machine (VM) and container technologies are pavings its way into factory. Though containers have some distinctive advantages over VMs in EC, the service live migration has comparatively high downtime. This paper proposes a novel live migration scheme called redundancy migration that reduces the downtime by a factor of 1.8 compared to the stock migration in linux containers.
Concomitant field terms for asymmetric gradient coils: Consequences for diffusion, flow, and echo‐planar imaging (2008)

As a consequence of the Maxwell equations, linear field gradients are accompanied by additional spatially dependent field components. A description of the Maxwell field terms is presented which explicitly takes into account the asymmetry of the gradient coil. It is shown both theoretically and experimentally that, in contrast to symmetric coils, an asymmetric coil generates concomitant field terms of zeroth and first order in space. Artifacts induced by concomitant fields can be much more pronounced for asymmetric coil designs than for symmetric ones. For the strong gradient amplitudes available on modern MR systems the effect of these concomitant magnetic fields on the evolution of magnetization has to be taken into consideration in a variety of NMR acquisition techniques. The formalism is used experimentally to compensate for artifacts observed in three different imaging methods: an image shift in standard echo planar imaging (EPI), an echo shift in diffusion-weighted EPI, and a phase shift in a flow quantification technique based on phase contrast images.
Natural Enemies of Zebra and Quagga Mussels: Predators, Parasites, and Ecological Competitors (2023)

This article reviews the international literature on the natural enemies of Dreissena spp.—bivalves which internationally have strong impacts on aquatic ecosystems, industries, fisheries, and aquaculture. It represents a revised edition of the initial treatment on this topic published over two decades ago, and as in the previous publication, it reviews the biology and ecology of organisms known to be involved in the predation (143 species), parasitism and commensalism (86 species and higher taxa), and competitive exclusion (14 species) of species in the genus Dreissena. Predators can at times have major impacts on dreissenid populations, but these reductions are typically only temporal and in restricted (e.g., shallow) areas within large waterbodies. A cumulative effect of a growing suite of enemies may have a constant, but overall limited, role in suppressing Dreissena densities—one far from any likelihood of population eradication. A diverse and abundant community of natural enemies, however, is beneficial because of its positive impact on energy flow. The introduction of dreissenids has redirected energy from the planktonic to the benthic community and predators, in particular molluscivorous fish and waterfowl, have served to redistribute this energy flow back into the pelagic environment.
SRAM voltage and current sense amplifiers in sub-32nm double-gate CMOS insensitive to process variations and transistor mismatch (2009)

This paper presents a comparative study of two novel sub-32 nm current (CSA) and voltage (VSA) sense amplifiers in fully depleted (FD) double-gate (DG) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology with planar independent self-aligned gates. The proposed sense amplifiers (SA) need 40% to 4 times less power, achieve a 10-15% increase in speed and have a 2.5 to 5 times larger tolerance to V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> and L mismatch compared to published DG SAs. Both architectures take advantage of the back gate in order to improve circuit properties. The new CSA is 12% faster and reduces power consumption 3.3 times compared to the new VSA, with the latter having a significant advantage in size.
Electroluminescence with high and stable quantum efficiency and low threshold voltage from anodically oxidized thin porous silicon diode (2000)

Highly efficient electroluminescence (EL) is obtained at low operating voltage (&amp;lt;5 V) from n+-type silicon-electrochemically oxidized thin porous silicon–indium–tin–oxide junctions. Continuous wave external quantum efficiency greater than 1% and power efficiency of 0.37% have been achieved. Considerable reduction of leakage current accounts for the enhancement of EL efficiency upon oxidation. The EL time response (≈30 μs) is slower than the photoluminescence one, due to slow electrical charging of porous silicon. No degradation of quantum efficiency is observed during operation and upon aging. This is attributed to the electrochemically grown oxide, which should provide a better surface passivation than the initial hydrogen coverage.
Modeling and Protection of a Three-Phase Power Transformer Using Wavelet Packet Transform (2005)

This paper introduces a novel algorithm for differential protection of three-phase power transformers that is based on the wavelet packet transform. The wavelet packet transform is employed to extract certain features of the differential current to distinguish between the magnetizing inrush and different internal fault currents. The selection of the optimal wavelet analysis that includes selecting both the optimal mother wavelet and the optimal number of levels of resolution is carried out using the minimum description length (MDL) data criteria. The proposed algorithm is tested off-line using data collected from a prototype laboratory three-phase power transformer. The test results show reduced computational burden, high speed and high accuracy.
Hybrid graphene aerogel intermedium for bendable supercapacitor electrode (2018)

Porous structure materials indicate brilliant distribution and great absorption ability, that suggesting the potential application of aerogel state graphene based materials. Aerogel intermedium assisted method was developed and optimised to prepare bendable electrode. Hydrothermal schedule was utilised suggesting potential application at low cost and large‐scale factory print issues, rather than consuming high money cost and long labour time. Nickel sulphide has been anchored onto the graphene aerogels via one‐pot hydrothermal method. The membrane electrode was made with the carbon ink and aerogel intermedium on the Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) plate. The bendable electrode was fabricated with intermedium and commercial carbon ink, and indicates good performance and economic consumption. The complex membrane capacitor shows the much more brilliant performance than the pure carbon membrane capacitor, with specific capacitance (31.40 mF/cm 2 at 4 mV/s and 17.74 mF/cm 2 at 2 mA/cm 2 ).
Identification of a Glutamic Acid Repeat Polymorphism of ALMS1 as a Novel Genetic Risk Marker for Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction by Genome-Wide Linkage Analysis (2013)

The glutamic acid repeat polymorphism of ALMS1 identified in the present study may provide insight into the pathogenesis of early-onset MI.
A Theoretical Study on the Protodeauration Step of the Gold(I)-Catalyzed Organic Reactions (2015)

Density functional theory was used to investigate the protodeauration of organogold compounds, a process which is thought to be the final step in the gold-catalyzed nucleophilic addition to activated π bonds wherein a proton is added and the gold catalyst is regenerated. In this context, we have studied two important factors which control the effectiveness of this transformation. We find that the nature of the alkenyl group in PMe3Au(alkenyl) affects the reaction barrier through the strength of the Au–C bond; the stronger the Au–C bond, the higher the activation energy. This, in turn, is determined by the π-accepting/donating ability of the substituents on the alkenyl group. We theoretically confirm that, for protodeauration, the reaction should be rapid when π-donating groups are present. In contrast, when π-accepting substituents are present, the intermediate gold complexes may be stable enough to be isolated experimentally. The second important factor controlling the reaction is the nature of the phosphine ligands. We theoretically confirm that electron-rich ligands such as PMe3 or PPh3 accelerate the reaction. We find that this is due to the strong electron-donating nature of these ligands, which strengthens the Au–P bond in the final product and thus provides a thermodynamic driving force for the reaction. Also, it is shown how the protodeauration is affected by the number of molecules solvating the proton. The protodeauration mechanism of some other organogold compounds such as gold–alkyl, gold–alkynyl, and gold–allyl species was investigated as well. The findings of this study can be used to design more effective systems for transformations of organogold compounds.
Flurbiprofen treatment of periodontal disease in beagles (1986)

The effect of the non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug flurbiprofen on the progression of periodontal disease was studied in 12 beagle dogs over a 2‐yr period. Standardized radiographs were used to measure the rate of bone loss; bone‐seeking radiophormaceutical uptake was used to assess the effect on bone metabolism, and gingival inflammation was scored. Following a 6‐month pretreatment baseline period. 6 dogs were dosed daily with 0.02 mg/kg flurbiprofen for a 12‐month treatment period. Also, one side of the mouth in each dog was treated with periodontal flap surgery at the beginning of the treatment period. After 12 months, flurbiprofen was discontinued and the dogs were studied for a 6‐month post‐treatment period. In flurbiprofen‐treated dogs the rate of bone loss was significantly decreased about both surgically and non‐surgically treated teeth throughout the 12‐month treatment period. This decreased rate was sustained through 3 months of the post‐treatment period, but was lost 6 months following the termination of flurbiprofen therapy. No similar effect on reducing the rate of bone loss was observed in the placebo‐treated dogs. A significant decrease in bone‐seeking radiopharmaceutical uptake was observed in the flurbiprofen‐treated teeth, which corresponded with the radiographic findings. Changes in gingival inflammation with flurbiprofen treatment were not observed. These data indicate that flurbiprofen is a potent inhibitor of alveolar bone loss in beagles and within 6 months of the termination of flurbiprofen the effect on slowing the rate of bone loss is lost.
Induction of calcyclin after ischemic injury to rat kidney (1997)

Genes differentially expressed after acute renal ischemic injury were identified using differential display-polymerase chain reaction (DD-PCR). Messenger RNA for calcyclin, a member of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, is increased in kidneys by 6 h following ischemic injury to rats compared with sham surgery. The level of calcyclin mRNA is increased 10-fold by 1 day postinjury and declines thereafter. In situ hybridization demonstrates little calcyclin mRNA in kidneys of sham-operated rats. However, calcyclin protein is present in glomeruli and distal tubules (DT). Compared with kidneys from sham-operated controls, both calcyclin mRNA and protein expression are increased at 1-3 days following ischemic injury in the thick ascending limb of Henle, the DT, and in damaged regenerating segments of proximal tubules. By 7 days postischemia there is a reduction in mRNA and protein expression. Calcyclin could play a role in the regulation of renal cell proliferation and regeneration in the recovery process after acute ischemic injury.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis and Structural Revision of the Marine Macrolide Neopeltolide. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Quantum wave function simulation of the resonance fluorescence spectrum from one-dimensional optical molasses (1993)

Using recently developed quantum wave function techniques, we have performed a simulation of $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms in a one-dimensional optical molasses, formed from counterpropagating laser beams with orthogonal linear polarizations. Both internal and external degrees of freedom are treated quantum mechanically in one dimension and the spectrum of resonance fluorescence is calculated and compared to recent experiments. Excellent agreement is obtained for the spectrum and additional insight is gained into the experimental evidence for quantized motion in the optical potentials.