gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclic nucleotides in archaea: Cyclic di‐AMP in the archaeonHaloferax volcaniiand its putative role (2019)

The role of cyclic nucleotides as second messengers for intracellular signal transduction has been well described in bacteria. One recently discovered bacterial second messenger is cyclic di-adenylate monophosphate (c-di-AMP), which has been demonstrated to be essential in bacteria. Compared to bacteria, significantly less is known about second messengers in archaea. This study presents the first evidence of in vivo presence of c-di-AMP in an archaeon. The model organism Haloferax volcanii was demonstrated to produce c-di-AMP. Its genome encodes one diadenylate cyclase (DacZ) which was shown to produce c-di-AMP in vitro. Similar to bacteria, the dacZ gene is essential and homologous overexpression of DacZ leads to cell death, suggesting the need for tight regulation of c-di-AMP levels. Such tight regulation often indicates the control of important regulatory processes. A central target of c-di-AMP signaling in bacteria is cellular osmohomeostasis. The results presented here suggest a comparable function in H. volcanii. A strain with decreased c-di-AMP levels exhibited an increased cell area in hypo-salt medium, implying impaired osmoregulation. In summary, this study expands the field of research on c-di-AMP and its physiological function to archaea and indicates that osmoregulation is likely to be a common function of c-di-AMP in bacteria and archaea.
EXPERIMENTS ON ‘NEOPHOBIA’ IN WILD AND LABORATORY RATS (1958)

All rata ( Rattus norvegicus ), wild or tame, have a well‐marked tendency to explore their surroundings. Wild rats, but not tame ones, also tend to avoid unfamiliar objects in a previously explored, and therefore familiar, area. The effect of environmental change on feeding was studied in three groups of wild rats. Bats of Group 1 were accustomed to feeding from a wire basket at the back of the cage; for them the change consisted of transfer of the food to an unfamiliar tin at the front of the cage. Group 2 had food in the basket throughout, and the change consisted only in an empty, unfamiliar tin being put in the front of the cage. The rats of Group 3 fed from a basket in the front of the cage; the change for them was the placing of an unfamiliar empty tin between the back of the cage, where they slept, and the food. In all three groups feeding was interrupted by the change. In the first group, three of the five rats stopped eating completely for one or more days; in the other two groups, food consumption was merely reduced on the first day after the change. The check in eating was not due to exploration: the new object was at first completely avoided by all the rats. Tame albino and hooded rats, subjected to the same procedure as the wild rats of Group 1, investigated the tin and the food in it at once; their food intake during the day after the change was unaffected. The first approach of the hooded rats to the new object was, however, more hesitant than that of the albinos. Investigation of a new object, or new conditions, can sometimes lead to an interruption of feeding in tame rats, but this has nothing in common with avoidance behaviour in wild rats.
Idiopathic Acute Pancreatitis in Children (1974)

Two cases of acute childhood pancreatitis of unknown origin showed clinical and laboratory findings strongly suggestive of Reye syndrome. At laparotomy in one patient and autopsy in the other, severe pancreatitis was discovered. Although the criteria of Reye syndrome are presently somewhat controversial, the diagnosis is being entertained with increasing frequency due to greater awareness. When considering Reye syndrome as a diagnostic possibility, it is important to exclude pancreatic disease.
Design Framework for Next Generation Mobile Convergence Service Models (2010)

It is expected that the next generation mobile communication system will be a service-driven developed system capable to realize the human-centric mobile convergence services. and it is different from the technology-driven development approach of the second and the third generation mobile communication systems. As a preliminary research work on such service-driven system development approach for the next generation mobile communication system. we developed the scenario based service analysis process (2SAP) framework to derive core service technologies and functionalities. In this paper. we propose the next generation mobile convergence service business model creation methodology based on research results of the 2SAP framework. To achieve this goal, we first establish a service model contains several components such as infrastructures. operations. and provision of services that are indispensible for providing next generation mobile services. Then, the next generation mobile services and its corresponding business models can be created by adding service and value flows to the developed service model after defining necessary components of business model including actors, their relationships, and roles.
Reactivation of a Vaccine Escape Hepatitis B Virus Mutant in a Cambodian Patient During Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Therapy (2018)

A 76-year-old Cambodian man co-infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) 6c-1 presented for care. HBV DNA was intermittently detectable despite anti-HBs levels being above the protective threshold. During treatment for HCV, HBV DNA levels increased. Sequencing revealed multiple mutations including vaccine escape mutation and mutations predicted to enhance fitness. This case represents exacerbation of an HBV vaccine escape mutant during a direct-acting antiviral therapy.
Isolation of Atypical Candida albicans from the North Sea (1977)

Isolates of Candida albicans with sparse filamentation and weak fermentation were isolated from the surface microlayer of the North Sea, but not from subsurface waters. Such atypical isolates may be misidentified by using normal taxonomic procedures.
Heterogeneity and transcriptome changes of human CD8+ T cells across nine decades of life (2022)

The decline of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell functions contributes to deteriorating health with aging, but the mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon are not well understood. We use single-cell RNA sequencing with both cross-sectional and longitudinal samples to assess how human CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell heterogeneity and transcriptomes change over nine decades of life. Eleven subpopulations of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and their dynamic changes with age are identified. Age-related changes in gene expression result from changes in the percentage of cells expressing a given transcript, quantitative changes in the transcript level, or a combination of these two. We develop a machine learning model capable of predicting the age of individual cells based on their transcriptomic features, which are closely associated with their differentiation and mutation burden. Finally, we validate this model in two separate contexts of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell aging: HIV infection and CAR T cell expansion in vivo.
Effectiveness of Memory Notebooks upon Problematic Behavior of Residents with Alzheimer's Disease (1998)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a memory notebook in decreasing problematic behavior of four persons with Alzheimer's Disease living in a personal care facility. After data analysis, the findings revealed that the memory notebook provided: (1) residents with a sense of security regarding their present surroundings and reassurance that important facts about their lives and families had been recorded; and (2) a line of communication between staff, families, and residents, that might not otherwise have been possible. In addition, use of a memory notebook appeared to be effective in: reducing anger, agitation, and confusion during sundowning; engaging residents who had withdrawn from all activities to participate in activities again; and, in conjunction with instructions and demonstrations by a familial caregiver, reducing physical aggressiveness during bathtime.
Study on acoustic resonance and its damping of BWR steam dome (2006)

Acoustic resonance characteristics in a BWR steam dome are investigated analytically and experimentally to evaluate the acoustic vibration of a steam dryer. Acoustic modes and frequencies of the ABWR, which represents the BWRs in this study, are calculated by the SYSNOISE code. The lowest mode (32 Hz) is a half stand wave anti-symmetric mode to the center line of the steam dome at normal condition. Acoustic pressure distributions and phases on the steam dryer surface are analyzed for evaluating the vibration driving force of the structure. Acrylic 1/11 scale model tests are performed to verify the acoustic analysis and to develop the acoustic damping system. The experimental frequencies and modes agree with analysis ones for low frequencies. Experimentally, the acoustic pressure amplitude is significantly lowered using the Helmholtz resonators after tuning up the acoustic resonant frequency of the resonator to the acoustic resonant frequency of the main system. (authors)
Natural Variation in Seed Very Long Chain Fatty Acid Content Is Controlled by a New Isoform of KCS18 in Arabidopsis thaliana (2012)

Oil from oleaginous seeds is mainly composed of triacylglycerols. Very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are major constituents of triacylglycerols in many seed oils and represent valuable feedstock for industrial purposes. To identify genetic factors governing natural variability in VLCFA biosynthesis, a quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis using a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between accessions Bay-0 and Shahdara was performed in Arabidopsis thaliana. Two fatty acid chain length ratio (CLR) QTL were identified, with one major locus, CLR.2, accounting for 77% of the observed phenotypic variation. A fine mapping and candidate gene approach showed that a key enzyme of the fatty acid elongation pathway, the β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 18 (KCS18), was responsible for the CLR.2 QTL detected between Bay-0 and Shahdara. Association genetics and heterologous expression in yeast cells identified a single point mutation associated with an alteration of KCS18 activity, uncovering the molecular bases for the modulation of VLCFA content in these two natural populations of Arabidopsis. Identification of this kcs18 mutant with altered activity opens new perspectives for the modulation of oil composition in crop plants.
New Power Factor Correction AC-DC Converter With Reduced Storage Capacitor Voltage (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Most of single-stage power factor correction (PFC) ac-dc converters usually present a high voltage swing on the storage capacitor. That means, high size and cost of the storage capacitor is obtained. The Series Inductance Interval (SII) PFC converters allow reducing cost and size of the storage capacitor since the capacitor voltage is lower than the output voltage and, therefore, the voltage swing is significantly reduced. In this paper, the novel single-stage SII-B-2D PFC converter is presented. In addition, this topology provides input current harmonics under EN61000-3-2 Class D limits and advantageous component count. </para>
Psychodrama and the Training of Trial Lawyers: Finding the Story (2001)

Ultrasonographic assessment of the renal size can provide useful clinical information, in combination with other ultrasonographic parameters. The aims of this study were to establish the agreement between the ultrasonographic and radiographic measurements of the kidneys (K) and vertebral bodies (L5 and L6), to establish an ultrasonographic measurement of kidney-to-vertebral body (L5 and L6) ratio to estimate the renal size in cats, and to assess the impact of age, body weight, sex, and gonadal status on the ultrasonographic measurements of the kidneys, vertebral bodies, and ratios. The vertebral bodies of L5 and L6 were chosen as they were easy to identify with ultrasonography (US) using the lumbosacral junction as a landmark, and they are not usually affected by vertebral anomalies. A total of 60 cats (19 intact males, 12 neutered males, 17 intact females, and 12 neutered females) were included in the study. The cats were divided into three age groups (<7 months, 7 months-7 years, and >7 years), two body weight categories (≤ 3.5 kg and >3.5 kg), and two sex and gonadal status groups (male and female, and intact and neutered, respectively). Measurements of the renal and vertebral body length were performed on the radiographic and ultrasonographic images. Two different ratios were obtained, namely, K/L5 and K/L6. There was no significant difference between the length of both kidneys and the length of the vertebral bodies of L5 and L6 on ultrasonographic or radiographic images. There was a good agreement between ultrasonographic and radiographic measurements of both kidneys and vertebral bodies. In conclusion, the kidney length to L6 length ratio obtained was 1.81 ± 0.20 (1.76-1.86), which was useful for evaluating the size of the feline kidney and was not influenced by the age, body weight, sex, or gonadal status.
Magnesium Sulfate Effects on Three Strains of Egg Type Hens (1976)

Three commercial, egg-type strains of W.L. hens were given 0, 12,000, and 16,000 p.p.m. of MgSO4 in their drinking water for 20 wk. All levels of MgSO4 × strain combinations had similar percentage drops in egg production; varying from 6.9 to 10.3%. Hens given 12,000 p.p.m. MgSO4 laid significantly heavier eggs than those receiving 0 or 16,000 p.p.m. Water consumption increased as level of MgSO4 increased; 217, 321, and 379 ml. per hen-day for 0, 12,000, and 16,000 p.p.m. of MgSO4, respectively.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Therapeutic Targeting of miR-29b/HDAC4 Epigenetic Loop in Multiple Myeloma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;miR-29b overexpression and HDAC4-silencing affect MM cell autophagy&lt;/p&gt;
Pleiotropic Effects of Statins: Stabilization of the Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaque? (2007)

Acute coronary syndromes (ACS), i.e. unstable angina and myocardial infarction, are the leading causes of death in developed countries and developing countries alike. Lipid lowering intervention studies have demonstrated a 30% risk reduction in recurrent cardiovascular events and death, despite only modest improvement in angiographic stenosis. This discrepancy suggested that cholesterol lowering by statins may lead to stabilization of vulnerable plaques rather than reducing stenosis per sé. The predominant effect of statins is to lower lipid levels by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis. Besides the lipid lowering effects, statins have also been shown to modulate the inflammatory status and improve endothelial function amongst others, commonly referred to as "pleiotropic effects". In the present review we will discuss different determinants which lead to plaque vulnerability and subsequently we will expand on the plaque stabilizing or "pleiotropic" effects of statin treatment.
The Use of Nanocarbons as Chemical Filters for the Selective Detection of Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone (2010)

The gas filtering abilities of different nanocarbon materials such as nanocones/nanodiscs, and nanofibres, either as-prepared or modified by physical (annealing, grinding) or chemical (fluorination) treatment are reported. The aptitude to filter nitrogen dioxide and ozone, two of the most significant gaseous pollutants of the atmosphere, have been correlated to both the BET specific surface area studied by N2 adsorption at 77 K, and the presence of chemical functional groups at the surface. Valuable information regarding the mechanisms of gas-nanocarbon interaction has been obtained, in terms of chemisorption and physisorption. A prototype microsystem is proposed for the selective measurement of nitrogen dioxide and ozone concentration by means of organic semiconductor gas sensors.
DeepMal: A CNN-LSTM Model for Malware Detection Based on Dynamic Semantic Behaviours (2020)

Malware refers to any software accessing or being installed in a system without the authorisation of administrators. Various malware has been widely used for cyber-criminals to accomplish their evil intentions and goals. To combat the increasing amount and reduce the threat of malicious programs, a novel deep learning framework, which uses NLP techniques for reference, combines CNN and LSTM neurones to capture the locally spatial correlations and learn from sequential longterm dependency is proposed. Hence, high-level abstractions and representations are automatically extracted for the malware classification task. The classification accuracy improves from 0.81 (best one by Random Forest) to approximately 1.0.
Refinement and extension of encrypted key exchange (1995)

In their recent paper, "Encrypted Key Exchange: Password-based Protocols Secure Against Dictionary Attacks," Bellovin and Merritt propose a novel and elegant method for safeguarding weak passwords. This paper discusses a possible weakness in the proposed protocol, develops some enhancements and simplifications, and provides a security analysis of the resultant minimal EKE protocol. In addition, the basic 2-party EKE model is extended to the 3-party setting; this yields a protocol with some interesting properties. Most importantly, this paper illustrates, once again, the subtlety associated with designing password-based protocols.
Decentralised Sliding Mode Tracking Control for a Class of Nonlinear Interconnected Systems (2021)

This paper proposes a decentralised tracking control scheme for a class of nonlinear interconnected systems using sliding mode techniques. The desired output signals are time-varying. Both matched uncertainty and mismatched unknown interconnections are considered. Using geometric transformation, the considered system is transferred to a system with a unique structure to facilitate both the design of the sliding surface and the decentralised controllers. The sliding surface is designed based on the tracking error. A set of conditions are proposed to guarantee that when sliding motion occurs, the tracking errors converge to zero asymptotically while the system states are bounded. Decentralised controllers are then designed so that the interconnected systems' states can be driven to the designed sliding surface. Finally, simulation of a coupled inverted pendulum system demonstrates the results.
Wheat Bran Decreases Aberrant Crypt Foci, Preserves Normal Proliferation, and Increases Intraluminal Butyrate Levels in Experimental Colon Cancer (1999)

Wheat bran increased apoptosis and controlled proliferation during tumor initiation and resulted in decreased ACF. Wheat bran's antineoplastic effects occurred early after carcinogen exposure, and were associated with increased fecal butyrate levels.
Isogeometric Stereocorrelation: An Optical Tool for Structural Engineering Applications (2016)

International audience
Recent Advancements in Computer & Software Technology (2014)

Over the last few decades, advancements in computer and software technologies have reached an impressive level. These technologies improve not only very common areas of our daily life, but also areas of education, health, production industries, and so on. Thus, recent advancements in computer and software technologies are the base for the society of tomorrow.
Antioxidants and Cancer Therapy: Furthering the Debate (2004)

The consideration of whether to use antioxidants concomitantly with chemotherapy and radiation therapy has evolved into a heated debate. This special theme issue brings together several contributors to this debate, whose perspectives enlarge our views of the questions at hand, pointing out several very relevant ideas. First, the early hypotheses of the role of antioxidants in carcinogenesis gave a simplified and often inaccurate picture of the physiological effects of specific antioxidants. Antioxidants can have protective effects that have nothing to do with oxidation; on the other hand, they can under some circumstances develop prooxidant properties and promote carcinogenesis. During treatment, however, their role is far from clear and may be either quite positive or potentially negative. A number of clinical studies have already demonstrated beneficial effects of antioxidants in ameliorating side effects of chemotherapy. More theoretical work on the chemistry of antioxidants and chemotherapy drugs suggests that antioxidants might improve therapeutic efficacy of antineoplastics by counteracting aldehydes that impede the passage of cells through the cell cycle. However, detailed clinical study also makes it clear that we are only at the very beginning of understanding the dynamics of antioxidants and oxidant damage in the body during conventional treatment. Nevertheless, research is under way on radioprotective and chemoprotective substances, some of them rooted in traditional medicine and others in our understanding of dietary antioxidants, that may eventually lead to antioxidant-based supplements that support tolerability and efficacy of treatment, without protecting tumors through interference from antineoplastic treatment.
Employing the Reflected Amplitude of a Fibre Bragg Grating Sensor for High Resolution Salinity and Depth Measurement (2022)

Continuous and accurate monitoring of oceanic physical parameters, including salinity and depth, is essential for naval surveillance, communication and environmental monitoring. In this regard, Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors are being implemented as highly accurate temperature and strain sensors for diverse applications. However, discriminating the individual effects of the two parameters, salinity and depth, is challenging, because both have to be transduced from the strain response. In this paper, we present a innovative approach, by implementing the amplitude of the FBG’s reflected spectrum as a second responding element. We have theoretically and experimentally demonstrated that the reflected amplitude of an FBG is inversely proportional to strain, and used this principle for salinity and depth measurement. Using the Bragg wavelength, we obtain a resolution of 0.2 Practical Salinity Unit (PSU) for salinity and 0.25 mm for depth. But by employing the reflected amplitude, the resolution improves to 0.00119 PSU for salinity and 0.00273 mm for depth. The proposed approach allows for the transduction of two variables from a single transducing element without requiring any additional sensor structure modifications, and without compromising accuracy or sensitivity, and is expected to be a breakthrough in the development of a single multi-parameter fibre-optic sensor.
Review on Electrodynamic Energy Harvesters—A Classification Approach (2013)

Beginning with a short historical sketch, electrodynamic energy harvesters with focus on vibration generators and volumes below 1dm3 are reviewed. The current challenges to generate up to several milliwatts of power from practically relevant flows and vibrations are addressed, and the variety of available solutions is sketched. Sixty-seven different harvester concepts from more than 130 publications are classified with respect to excitation, additional boundary conditions, design and fabrication. A chronological list of the harvester concepts with corresponding references provides an impression about the developments. Besides resonant harvester concepts, the review includes broadband approaches and mechanisms to harvest from flow. Finally, a short overview of harvesters in applications and first market ready concepts is given.
Robotic image-guided needle interventions of the prostate. (2009)

Prostate biopsy and needle-directed prostate therapies are currently performed free-handed or with needle external templates under ultrasound guidance. Direct image-guided intervention robots are modern instruments that have the potential to substantially enhance these procedures. These may increase the accuracy and repeatability with which needles are placed in the gland. The authors' group has developed a robot for precise prostate targeting that operates remotely alongside the patient in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner, as guided according to the image.