gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Miniaturized EHT Platform for Accurate Measurements of Tissue Contractile Properties (2020)

We present a wafer-scale fabricated, PDMS-based platform for culturing miniaturized engineered heart tissues (EHTs) which allows highly accurate measurements of the contractile properties of these tissues. The design of the platform is an anisometrically downscaled version of the Heart-Dyno system, consisting of two elastic micropillars inside an elliptic microwell with volume ranging from 3 down to 1μL which supports EHT formation. Size downscaling facilitates fabrication of the platform and makes it compatible with accurate and highly reproducible batch wafer-scale processing; furthermore, downscaling reduces the cost of cell cultures and increases assay throughput. After fabrication, the devices were characterized by nanoindentation to assess the mechanical properties of the pillars and transferred to 96-well plates for cell seeding. Regardless the size of the platform, cell seeding resulted in successful formation of EHTs and all tissues were functionally active (i.e. showed cyclic contractions). The precise characterization of the stiffness of the micropillars enabled accurate measurements of the contractile forces exerted by the cardiac tissues through optical tracking of micropillar displacement. The miniature EHT platforms described in this paper represent a proper microenvironment for culturing and studying EHTs.
Characterization of Adipogenic Chemicals in Three Different Cell Culture Systems: Implications for Reproducibility Based on Cell Source and Handling (2017)

The potential for chemical exposures to exacerbate the development and/or prevalence of metabolic disorders, such as obesity, is currently of great societal concern. Various in vitro assays are available to assess adipocyte differentiation, though little work has been done to standardize protocols and compare models effectively. This study compares several adipogenic cell culture systems under a variety of conditions to assess variability in responses. Two sources of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes as well as OP9 preadipocytes were assessed for cell proliferation and triglyceride accumulation following different induction periods and using various tissue culture plates. Both cell line and cell source had a significant impact on potencies and efficacies of adipogenic chemicals. Gene expression analyses suggested that differential expression of nuclear receptors involved in adipogenesis underlie the differences between OP9 and 3T3-L1 cells; however, there were also differences based on 3T3-L1 cell source. Induction period modulated potency and efficacy of response depending on cell line and test chemical, and large variations were observed in triglyceride accumulation and cell proliferation between brands of tissue culture plates. Our results suggest that the selection of a cell system and differentiation protocol significantly impacts the detection of adipogenic chemicals, and therefore, influences reproducibility of these studies.
[Suppression of ovulation during the use of contraceptive pills]. (1973)

5 cases of oligo-hypo-menorrhea and 5 cases of secondary amenorrhea during the use of contraceptive pills are analyzed. The values of excreted steroids were measured 24 hours before and 24 hours after treatment. The effect of suppression of the hypothalamic realizing factors and disturbed enzymatic function of the ovary was blamed as the cause of amenorrhea. Experience in the induction of ovulation byclomiphene and human gonadotropins is described.(Authors modified)
Figure S3 from Parallel Signaling through IRE1α and PERK Regulates Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Growth and Survival (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Scrambled CRISPR controls do not decrease INS1 tumor burden&lt;/p&gt;
Ancestry-agnostic estimation of DNA sample contamination from sequence reads (2020)

Detecting and estimating DNA sample contamination are important steps to ensure high-quality genotype calls and reliable downstream analysis. Existing methods rely on population allele frequency information for accurate estimation of contamination rates. Correctly specifying population allele frequencies for each individual in early stage of sequence analysis is impractical or even impossible for large-scale sequencing centers that simultaneously process samples from multiple studies across diverse populations. On the other hand, incorrectly specified allele frequencies may result in substantial bias in estimated contamination rates. For example, we observed that existing methods often fail to identify 10% contaminated samples at a typical 3% contamination exclusion threshold when genetic ancestry is misspecified. Such an incomplete screening of contaminated samples substantially inflates the estimated rate of genotyping errors even in deeply sequenced genomes and exomes. We propose a robust statistical method that accurately estimates DNA contamination and is agnostic to genetic ancestry of the intended or contaminating sample. Our method integrates the estimation of genetic ancestry and DNA contamination in a unified likelihood framework by leveraging individual-specific allele frequencies projected from reference genotypes onto principal component coordinates. Our method can also be used for estimating genetic ancestries, similar to LASER or <i>TRACE</i>, but simultaneously accounting for potential contamination. We demonstrate that our method robustly estimates contamination rates and genetic ancestries across populations and contamination scenarios. We further demonstrate that, in the presence of contamination, genetic ancestry inference can be substantially biased with existing methods that ignore contamination, while our method corrects for such biases.
ACUTE CD4-MEDIATED CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT REJECTION REQUIRES DONOR CLASS II MHC MOLECULES (1998)

74 The contribution of direct (donor APC restricted) vs. indirect (host APC restricted) antigen presentation to cardiac allograft requires further clarification. Previous studies demonstrated that CD4 T cells were both necessary and sufficient for triggering acute cardiac allograft rejection. The purpose of this study was to determine whether CD4 T cells require direct recognition of donor class II MHC molecules to mediate this response. To test this proposition, heterotopic cardiac allografts from C57BL/6 (H-2b) MHC II +/+ or MHC II-/-mice were transplanted into immune-deficient C.B-17scid (H-2d, SCID) mice. SCID mice bearing established cardiac grafts were: (1) left unreconstituted, (2) reconstituted by adoptive transfer with unfractionated lymph node cells from BALB/c (H-2d) donors (10 ×106 cells), or (3) reconstituted with purified CD4 BALB/c T cells (10× 106 cells). Hearts were monitored for rejection by daily palpation. CD4 T cells were isolated by antibody column purification (Biotex) and had undetectable numbers (<0.5%) of contaminating CD8 T cells or B220 B cells by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Unreconstituted SCID mice did not reject either cardiac MHC II +/+ or MHC -/- allografts (n=10, n=6, respectively, graft survival >60 days). Adoptive transfer of unfractionated cells to SCID recipients triggered acute rejection of both MHC II+/+ allografts (n=7, days 8,9,10, 10, 11, 19, 19) and MHC-/- allografts (n=6, days 8,10,10,10,10,11). MHC II+/+ allografts in SCID mice reconstituted with purified CD4 cells rejected in a time course similar to control mice (n=10, days 8, 9, 9,10,10,10,11,11,16,22). MHC II-/- allografts in SCID mice reconstituted with purified CD4 cells did not reject acutely (n=5, 4/5 grafts >60 days, p<0.005). CONCLUSIONS: 1) CD4 T cells are sufficient for acute rejection of allografts, independently from either CD8 T cells or B cells. 2) The mechanism of acute CD4-mediated graft rejection appears to be mediated predominantly through the direct (donor APC) dependent pathway and, 3) Acute rejection of class II-/- heart allografts can be mediated through the contribution of other lymphocyte subpopulations (possibly CD8 T cells).
Intra-articular fractures of the distal aspect of the radius. (1999)

Intra-articular distal radius fractures are a heterogeneous group of injuries with different fracture patterns. The existing classification systems are helpful for describing the fractures but not for assessing their stability or for deciding which surgical approach to use. Patients who have a fracture with at least 1.0 mm of displacement of the articular surface may benefit from open surgical treatment. Improved diagnostic imaging with CT is helpful for fracture classification and surgical planning. The options for surgical treatment include limited open reduction and internal fixation, arthroscopically assisted internal fixation, and open reduction and internal fixation. The surgical approach is determined on the basis of the initial displacement of the fracture. Patients who have a displaced fracture of the volar rim may benefit from a volar approach; those who have a dorsally displaced fracture, from a dorsal approach; and those who have an impacted fracture such as a die-punch fracture, from a dorsal approach that provides better visualization of the articular surface. The long-term functional outcome is determined in part by the severity of the fracture as defined by the amount of comminution, the initial severity of displacement, and the number of fracture fragments. The accuracy of the reconstruction of the articular surface, with the goal of establishing congruency to within 1.0 mm, is also important in order to minimize the risk of late osteoarthrosis. Of all of the extra-articular parameters, restoration of the length of the radius is the most important for enhancing recovery of motion and grip strength and for preventing problems involving the distal radioulnar joint--the so-called forgotten joint in distal radial fractures.
Conformal antennas using 2D and 3D metallized foam technology (2005)

Nowadays, most of microwave applications require antenna conformation and by the way curved surfaces. Low weight, low cost and user-friendly are the other ones. As a solution the laboratory has developed a new technology based on metallized foam. This new technique offers several advantages and new possibilities in the design of 2D and 3D antennas. In order to demonstrate these abilities, several examples dealing with filar, flat and finally 3D antennas are provided and discussed in the paper.
Nanocrystalline iron oxide based electroactive materials in lithium ion batteries: the critical role of crystallite size, morphology, and electrode heterostructure on battery relevant electrochemistry (2015)

The whole <italic>versus</italic> the sum of its parts; contributions of nanoscale iron-containing materials to the bulk electrochemistry of composite electrodes.
Association between the dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic and ABO blood type distribution (2021)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is currently the most critical challenge in public health. An understanding of the factors that affect severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection will help fight the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to investigate the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and blood type distribution. The big data provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Johns Hopkins University were used to assess the dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic. The infection data in the early phase of the pandemic from six countries in each of six geographic zones divided according to the WHO were used, representing approximately 5.4 billion people around the globe. We calculated the infection growth factor, doubling times of infection and death cases, reproductive number and infection and death cases in relation to the blood type distribution. The growth factor of infection and death cases significantly and positively correlated with the proportion of the population with blood type A and negatively correlated with the proportion of the population with blood type B. Compared with the lower blood type A population (<30%), the higher blood type A population (⩾30%) showed more infection and death cases, higher growth factors and shorter case doubling times for infections and deaths and thus higher epidemic dynamics. Thus, an association exists between SARS-CoV-2 and the ABO blood group distribution, which might be useful for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.
Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Natural‐Product‐Like Hybrids by an Organocatalytic/Multicomponent Reaction Sequence (2015)

In an endeavor to provide an efficient route to natural product hybrids, described herein is an efficient, highly stereoselective, one-pot process comprising an organocatalytic conjugate addition of 1,3-dicarbonyls to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes followed by an intramolecular isocyanide-based multicomponent reaction. This approach enables the rapid assembly of complex natural product hybrids including up to four different molecular fragments, such as hydroquinolinone, chromene, piperidine, peptide, lipid, and glycoside moieties. The strategy combines the stereocontrol of organocatalysis with the diversity-generating character of multicomponent reactions, thus leading to structurally unique peptidomimetics integrating heterocyclic, lipidic, and sugar moieties.
Heat resistance of radiation crosslinked poly(?-caprolactone) (1998)

Polycaprolactone (PCL) was gamma-irradiated at different phases such as solid state at 30 to 55°C, molten state, and supercooled state, under vacuum or air atmosphere, to elucidate its crosslinking behavior. Irradiation in the molten state (80°C) gave higher gel content compared to room temperature. The resulting gel, however, contains many voids due to the gas evolved during irradiation. Conversely, irradiation of PCL in the supercooled state led to the highest gel content among the three irradiation conditions and it was free of voids. Based on these findings, to evaluate heat resistibility of crosslinked PCL prepared by irradiation in supercooled state, the crosslinked PCL was hot pressed at 200°C to form a film. Unirradiated PCL melted at 60°C. The film prepared from 160 kGy irradiated PCL (crosslinked sample) under an applied load of 0.667 MPa, at a temperature of 110°C did not break even after 3 h. At a temperature of 120°C, the film has a tensile strength of 3 MPa. Furthermore, the film extended by hot pressing is transparent and has high heat shrinkability. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 581–588, 1998
Supplementary Data from Cdc7 Kinase Is a Predictor of Survival and a Novel Therapeutic Target in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma (2023)

Supplementary Data from Cdc7 Kinase Is a Predictor of Survival and a Novel Therapeutic Target in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma
ACOG Guidelines at a Glance: Early Pregnancy Loss (2015)

A commentary on ACOG Practice Bulletin Number 150: Early pregnancy loss by Editor-in-Chief Charles J Lockwood, MD, MHCM
Using Grid Technologies for Web-Enabling Legacy Systems (2005)

The adoption of the Internet technologies favors the diffusion of Web and grid-based applications. However, the development of new applications exploiting the modern interfaces and distribution channels have to face the problems connected with the integration of existing software systems. This aspect often requires the migration of legacy systems toward the Web technologies, as they are very important for the business they support and cannot be simply discarded. In fact, they encapsulate a great deal of knowledge and expertise about the application domain. Many migration strategies have been proposed in the literature. The introduction of dynamic activation and discovery of services is rarely considered in the proposed approaches, even if these aspects can be considered as important evolution factors for the future of the legacy systems. With this in mind, this paper extends an approach, already proposed by the authors for migrating to the Web legacy software systems with character-based user interface, with grid technologies.
Bus Voltage Control of DC Distribution Network Based on Sliding Mode Active Disturbance Rejection Control Strategy (2020)

The DC distribution network has more advantages in power transmission, grid connection of distributed energy, and reliability of power supply when compared with AC distribution network, but there are still many problems in the development of DC distribution network. DC bus voltage control is one of the hot issues in the research of DC distribution network. To solve this problem, in this paper, a new type of sliding mode active disturbance rejection control (SMADRC) controller for AC/DC converters is designed and applied to the voltage outer loop. The linear extended state observer (LESO) can observe the state variables and the total disturbance of the system. The SMADRC is composed of a sliding mode controller, LESO, and disturbance compensator, which can compensate the total disturbance observed by LESO properly. Therefore, it improves the dynamic. At the same time, it can also reduce the system jitter that is caused by sliding mode controller. The state variables that are observed by the LESO are used in the design of sliding mode controller, which greatly simplifies the design of sliding mode controller. Finally, the simulation results of Matlab/Simulink show that the controller has good start-up performance and strong robustness.
Resistance to the Cyclotide Cycloviolacin O2 in Salmonella enterica Caused by Different Mutations That Often Confer Cross-Resistance or Collateral Sensitivity to Other Antimicrobial Peptides (2017)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential components of innate immunity in all living organisms, and these potent broad-spectrum antimicrobials have inspired several antibacterial development programs in the past 2 decades. In this study, the development of resistance to the Gram-negative bacterium-specific peptide cycloviolacin O2 (cyO2), a member of the cyclotide family of plant miniproteins, was characterized in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Typhimurium LT2. Mutants isolated from serial passaging experiments in increasing concentrations of cyO2 were characterized by whole-genome sequencing. The identified mutations were genetically reconstituted in a wild-type background. The additive effect of mutations was studied in double mutants. Fitness costs, levels of resistance, and cross-resistance to another cyclotide, other peptide and nonpeptide antibiotics, and AMPs were determined. A variety of resistance mutations were identified. Some of these reduced fitness and others had no effect on fitness <i>in vitro</i>, in the absence of cyO2. In mouse competition experiments, four of the cyO2-resistant mutants showed a significant fitness advantage, whereas the effects of the mutations in the others appeared to be neutral. The level of resistance was increased by combining several individual resistance mutations. Several cases of cross-resistance and collateral sensitivity between cyclotides, other AMPs, and antibiotics were identified. These results show that resistance to cyclotides can evolve via several different types of mutations with only minor fitness costs and that these mutations often affect resistance to other AMPs.
Relationship of serum magnesium level with body composition and survival in hemodialysis patients (2019)

Hypomagnesemia was associated with lower BCMI, more pronounced OH/ECW and poorer Kaplan-Meier 3-year cumulative survival, but was not an independent risk factor for mortality in HD patients.
Seizures during clozapine therapy. (1994)

Seizures are an important adverse effect of clozapine therapy; a cumulative 10% risk of tonic-clonic seizures is estimated after 3.8 years of treatment. Although the risk of seizures may be increased by rapid upward titration and higher doses, recent data do not clearly confirm the dose-dependent effect. The vast majority of clozapine-related seizures are tonic-clonic, although myoclonic seizures also occur. The role of the EEG in predicting the occurrence of clozapine-induced seizures remains uncertain. In patients with clozapine-related seizures, either reducing the dose or adding an antiepileptic medication usually allows continuation of therapy.
Insulin on the brain: The role of central insulin signalling in energy and glucose homeostasis (2021)

Insulin signals to the brain where it coordinates multiple physiological processes underlying energy and glucose homeostasis. This review explores where and how insulin interacts within the brain parenchyma, how brain insulin signalling functions to coordinate energy and glucose homeostasis and how this contributes to the pathogenesis of metabolic disease.
Future Directions in Clinical Vitamin E Research: Panel Discussion B (2004)

[No abstract available]
Implementation of an industry compliant, 5&#x00D7;50&#x03BC;m, via-middle TSV technology on 300mm wafers (2011)

The establishment of a cost-effective Through Silicon Vias (TSV) fabrication process integrated to a CMOS flow with industrially available tools is of high interest for the electronics industry because such process can produce more compact systems. We present a 300mm industry-compliant via-middle TSV module, integrated to an advanced high-k/metal gate CMOS process platform. TSVs are fabricated by a Bosch process after contact fabrication and before the first metal layer. The target for copper diameter is 5μm and via depth in the silicon substrate is 50μm. Dense structures have a pitch of 10μm. The vias are filled with TEOS/O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> oxide to reduce via-to-substrate capacitance and leakage, a Ta layer to act as Cu-diffusion barrier and electroplated copper. Copper is thermally treated before CMP to minimize copper pumping effects. The processing is integrated as part of a 65nm node CMOS fabrication module and validated with regular monitoring of physical parameters. The module was tested in device lots and also integrated to a thinning and backside passivation flow.
Molecular Cloning and Functional Expression of zfCx52.6 (2004)

Gap junction-mediated electrical coupling contributes to synchronous oscillatory activities of neurons, and considerable progress has been made in defining the molecular composition of gap junction channels. In particular, cloning and functional expression of gap junction proteins (connexins (Cx)) from zebrafish retina have shown that this part of the brain possesses a high degree of connexin diversity that may account for differential functional properties of electrical synapses. Here, we report the cloning and functional characterization of a new connexin, designated zebrafish Cx52.6 (zfCx52.6). This connexin shows little similarity to known connexins from fish and higher vertebrates. By combining in situ hybridization with Laser Capture Microdissection and RT-PCR, we found that this novel fish connexin is expressed in horizontal cells in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. Functional expression of zfCx52.6 in neuroblastoma cells and Xenopus oocytes led to functional gap junctional channels and, in single oocytes, induced large non-junctional membrane currents indicative of the formation of hemichannels, which were inhibited in reversible fashion by raising extracellular Ca(2+) concentrations.