gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Analytical method to calculate window heating effects on IR seeker performance</title> (1994)

In the development of infrared seeker systems, window heating effects that result from missile flight aerodynamics are critical design considerations. For typical launch scenarios, window temperature rises rapidly during the missile's initial launch phase and usually reaches temperatures in excess of 300 degree(s)C by flight termination. This paper formulates an analytical approach for calculating window emittance and radiance on the seeker's focal plane as determined by window temperature profile, spectral transmission band, window physical parameters, and optical seeker design. Radiance levels on the seeker's detector array are calculated for two window materials, sapphire and gallium phosphide, that efficiently transmit in the spectral bands from 3.0 to 4.0 microns and 3.0 to 5.0 microns.
Electronic equilibrium and primary dose in collimated photon beams (1993)

Electronic equilibrium conditions are studied in a homogeneous medium irradiated by monoenergetic photons with Compton scattering as a predominant process. Based on the concept of straight charged particle tracks, a geometrical model for spatial distribution of Compton electrons is developed in the limit of primary photon interactions. The model is applied to examine conditions of electronic equilibrium in collimated photon beams and to define equilibrium phase diagrams which establish correlation between various degrees of electronic equilibrium and primary dose. The diagrams predict that in a single direction (longitudinal or lateral) partial electronic equilibrium can be observed in radiation fields of dimensions smaller than the maximum range of secondary electrons. Associated macroscopic effects appear as a variation of the primary dose build-up rate with beam radius and depth in phantom. These effects are observed in the case of both primary and total absorbed dose as judged by the Monte Carlo generated data in waterlike material (1-8 MeV photons).
Restoration of semi-transparent blotches in damaged texts, manuscripts, and images through localized, logarithmic image enhancement (2008)

Great libraries of historic texts, manuscripts, and images are available at this time. The information contained in these documents will be of critical importance in documenting the history of humanity in the years to come. However, many of these documents are degrading for a variety of reasons, including semi-transparent blotches. Current restoration techniques are either chemical in nature or involve significant user interaction through a desktop computer. Due to operator costs, either method is too expensive for the large quantity of information that needs to be preserved. Automated blotch removal algorithms exist, however they all have severe limitations: Some mechanisms only work on text and not images while others leave edges around the blotch or blur the image within the blotch. This paper introduces an automated Local Logarithmic Restoration Algorithm to restore semi-transparent blotches in a variety of documents. Intensive computer simulations show: (1) the new algorithm outperforms competing algorithms by providing better local contrast preservation, expanded saturation reduction capabilities, and improved edge removal; and (2) it is a flexible and practical algorithm for batch restoration many pages of text, manuscripts, or images.
Hydrogen/Chlorine Distributions in Silicon Dioxide: Detection and Model (1983)

Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and electron microscopy have been used to investigate the distribution of hydrogen and chlorine in SiO2 films thermally grown on silicon. These films have been grown in various ambients, including pure O2, steam, HCl/O2, and Cl2/O2, as well as HCl/O2 mixtures diluted with N2. The data suggest that there exists a strong interaction between the chlorine and the hydrogen, with the chlorine being a very effective gettering agent for hydrogen. The results of this investigation, as well as a model explaining the incorporation and distribution of the hydrogen and chlorine, are presented.
Guidelines for training in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) (2018)

These "Guidelines for training in Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance" were developed by the Certification Committee of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) and approved by the SCMR Board of Trustees.
한국사회 이주민의 생활세계 : 결혼이주여성의 사이버 공동체 사회자본에 관한 연구 (2015)

본 연구는 한국의 결혼이주여성의 사이버 공동체의 사회자본 특성을 고찰하고자 경북경산 일원에 거주하는 필리핀 출신 결혼이주여성 61명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였으며2013년 9월에서 2014년 8월까지 약 1 년간 진행되었다. 수집된 자료는 통계 패키지 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였으며 일부 응답자와의 인터뷰를 통해 추가적인 설명력을 가지도록 하였다. 연구의 결과 사이버 공동체 참여로부터 생성된 사회자본의 특성은 다음과 같다. 결혼이주여성의 사이버 공동체에서 형성되는 사회자본 4 개 범주 가운데 높게 인식되는영역 ‘신뢰’, ‘관계’, ‘규범’ 영역과 비교적 인식도가 낮은 ‘정치’ 부분으로 크게 이분(二分)되고 있는 특성을 보이고 있다. 사회자본 요소간의 상관성을 보면 ‘신뢰’는 ‘관계’, ‘규범’과 정의 관계를 이루고 있어 세 영역은 상호 밀접한 관계임을 보여주고 있다. 또한 ‘규범’은 ‘정치’와 정의 관계를 가지고 있어 구성원 간 공유되는 규칙과 행동양식이 ‘정치참여’를 견인할 수 있음을 보여준다. 사이버 공동체 참여 특성과의 상관성이 큰 사회자본의 영역은 ‘관계’, ‘규범’, ‘정치’로나타났으며 세부적인 내용을 보면 관계(network)는 ‘참여 동기(혹은 공동체 기능)’, ‘관계소통’과 매우 높은 정의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 규명되었다. 사회자본 ‘규범( norms)‘은 공동체의 ’개방성‘과 부의 상관성을 가지는 것으로 드러나 ’개방성‘이 증가함에 따른 사회 내 ’규범‘의 약화를 불러올 가능성을 보여주는 내용으로 주목된다. ‘정치’는 다른 세 가지영역( 신뢰, 관계, 규범)에 비해 그 양이 낮은 것으로 측정되었으나 공동체의 응집력 정도와정의 관계를 가지는 것으로 규명되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는, 사이버 공동체 역시 사회자본 형성과 유지에 결혼이주여성의 공동체참여 특성이 영향을 주고 있으며 또한 공동체성과 참여 특성은 이들 결혼이주여성의 집단의 속성과 현실을 반영하고 있어서 사회자본의 발달의 바탕이 결국 결혼이주여성의 현실 사회의 집단적 정체성 및 민족적 정체성과 매우 밀접한 관련이 있음을 드러내고 있다. 이는 사이버 공동체를 통한 사회자본의 특성 연구가 해당 집단의 사회 적응의 투사에 대한 개연성을 보여주고 있는 것으로 같은 연구의 패러다임을 다양한 속성(집단적)의 이주자 집단과 공동체로의 적용이 필요함을 시사한다.
Enhancement of security with the help of real time authentication and one time password in e-commerce transactions (2013)

As e-commerce industry is growing rapidly, security issues become more crucial. One of the most important factors in e-commerce transactions and payments is security. While information about customers and their transactions is extremely sensitive, privacy protection is very vital. So, privacy policies to address customer data security are required. At the same time, authentication is one of the most important security requirements and prevents fraud and theft in e-payment transaction. Online biometric authentication is the best solution for preventing false authentication and identity theft. This research reviews authentication ways, and proposes two online biometric authentication methods with credit cards together virtual password concept. The proposed methods utilize credit card and biometric techniques. The first authentication method uses SSL protocol together fingerprint sample of biometric techniques and is suitable for less sensitive financial transactions. The second uses 3_D secure protocol together iris sample of biometric techniques with help of one-time password concept, so is very suitable for more sensitive financial transactions. Finally, the proposed solutions are analyzed using available methods and solutions.
Decreased single‐photon emission computed tomographic {123I}β‐CIT striatal uptake correlates with symptom severity in parkinson's disease (1995)

Previous studies have utilized single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to demonstrate decreased [123I]beta-CIT striatal uptake in idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) patients. The present study extends this work by examining SPECT outcome measures in a larger group of PD patients with varying disease severity. Twenty-eight L-dopa-responsive PD patients (Hoehn-Yahr stages 1-4) and 27 healthy controls had SPECT scans at 18 to 24 hours after injection of [123I]beta-CIT. Specific to nondisplaceable striatal uptake ratios (designated V3") were correlated with Hoehn-Yahr stage and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) subscores. Linear discriminant function analyses utilizing striatal uptakes, putamen-to-caudate ratios, and ipsilateral-contralateral asymmetry indices were performed. Decreased striatal tracer uptake (V3") was correlated with total UPDRS score for both contralateral and ipsilateral striatum. Putamen uptake was relatively more reduced than caudate with mean putamen:caudate ratios of 0.50 +/- 0.17 and 0.82 +/- 0.09 for PD patients and controls, respectively. Ipsilateral:contralateral asymmetry was significantly greater in PD patients than controls. Discriminant function analysis utilizing V3" for ipsilateral and contralateral caudate and putamen correctly classified all 55 cases. These data demonstrate marked differences in [123I]beta-CIT SPECT measures in healthy controls and PD patients. The significant correlation of SPECT measures with motor severity suggests [123I]beta-CIT may be a useful marker of disease severity in PD.
Design of A Novel Passive Binary-Controlled Variable Stiffness Joint (BpVSJ) Towards Passive Haptic Interface Application (2018)

In this paper we present the design, development and experimental validation of a novel Binary-Controlled Variable Stiffness Joint (BpVSJ) towards haptic teleoperation and human interaction manipulators applications. The proposed actuator is a proof of concept of a passive revolute joint, where the working principle is based on the recruitment of series-parallel elastic elements. The novelty of the system lies in its design topology, including the capability to involve an (n) number of series-parallel elastic elements to achieve ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2^{n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) levels of stiffness, as compared to current approaches. Accordingly, the level of stiffness can be altered at any position without the need to revert to the initial equilibrium position. The BpVSJ has low energy consumption and short switching time, and is able to rotate freely at zero stiffness without limitations. Further smart features include scalability and relative compactness. This paper details the mathematical stiffness modeling of the proposed actuator mechanism, as well as the experimentally measured performance characteristics. The experimental results matched well with the physical-based modeling in terms of stiffness variation levels. Moreover, Psychophysical experiments were also conducted using (20) healthy subjects in order to evaluate the capability of the BpVSJ to display three different levels of stiffness that are cognitively realized by the users. The participants performed two tasks: a relative cognitive task and an absolute cognitive task. The results show that the BpVSJ is capable of rendering stiffness with high average relative accuracy (Relative Cognitive Task relative accuracy is 97.3%, and Absolute Cognitive Task relative accuracy is 83%).
Phantasmagoria: the Personality of Coleridge in the Earlier Prose of Yeats (2000)

When telling of how Lionel Johnson was capable of recounting apocryphal stories from his own life as though they were true, Yeats admitted that 'these conversations were always admirable in their drama, but never too dramatic or ever too polished to lose their casual accidental character; they were the phantasmagoria through which his philosophy of life found its expression' ([1922] Au 306). This comment could easily be seen as referring to Yeats's own memoirs, as well as to his method of criticism.
Trajectory Generation for Sensor-Driven and Time-Varying Tasks (1993)

In on-line robot trajectory generation, a connecting polynomial is normally used to remove discontinuities in velocity and acceleration between adjacent path segments. This article presents a new technique for performing such transitions in which adjacent path segments are "blended" together, with excess acceleration being removed using an estimate of the initial path velocities. Because this method requires no advance knowledge of the path segments, it can handle situations where the paths are changing with time (as when tracking sensor or control inputs). The method can also be used to adjust the spatial shape of the transition curve (such as to have it pass around or through the "via point"), which may be necessary to handle constraints imposed by different types of manipulator tasks. When the blended paths are nonlinear, it is possible to set a tight bound on the resulting transition acceleration. The blend technique works directly for vector trajectories and can be modified to handle 3-D rotational trajectories. A simple trajectory generation algorithm is presented as an illustration.
Numerical Simulation of Proppant Accumulation at Fracture Wall due to Fluid Leak-off (1998)

Abstract Proppant concentration variation in a hydraulic fracture across the fracture width is investigated using a slurry transport simulator. The result indicates that the proppant slurry dehydrates more near the fracture walls and thus has higher concentration at the wall than at the center of the fracture width. When fluid leak-off is high, this can lead to a proppant pack built on the wall, reducing the effective width of the flow channel and causing mid-fracture screen-out. Furthermore, since the slurry dehydration occurs mostly near the fracture wall, the slurry that travels down the middle of the fracture dehydrates slower than what the current hydraulic fracture models would predict based on the assumption of uniform slurry concentration across the width. Therefore, in tip-screen- out (TSO) designs, it may take longer to achieve TSO than what models predict. The effect of a localized high leak-off area within a fracture, which may represent faults or reservoir inhomogeneity, is also investigated. Again, proppant wall- building occurs and causes width restriction. P. 615
Geometrical and transport properties of single fractures: influence of the roughness of the fracture walls (2009)

This article reviews the main features of the transport properties of single fractures. A particular attention paid to fractures in geological materials which often display a roughness covering a broad range of length scales. Because of the small distance separating the fracture walls, the surface roughness is a key parameter influencing the structure of the void space. Studies devoted to the characterization of the surface roughness are presented as well as works aimed at characterizing the void space geometry. The correlation of the free space is found to be crucially function of the failure mechanism (brittle, quasi brittle or plastic...) but also of possible shear displacements during the failure. The influence of the surface roughness on the mechanical behavior of fractures under a normal load and a shear stress is also described. Finally, experimental, numerical and theoretical works devoted to the study of the influence of the fracture void geometry on the permeability and on the hydrodynamic dispersion of a dissolved species are discussed.
Portable Data Acquisition and Control Apparatus for Implanted Drug Infusion Pump Interrogation (1993)

Now that implantable drug infusion pumps are well established clinically, methods for diagnosing suspected pump failures are needed. The authors previously constructed a benchtop data acquisition and control apparatus to assist our work in developing new pump technology. Although this device is technically capable of in vivo pump monitoring, it is cumbersome. Thus, they recently created a portable interrogation unit with more limited features. This portable pump interrogation apparatus consists of a 32 bit MS-DOS labtop computer, data acquisition software, an analog/ASCII interface, a pressure transducer, and appropriate fluid conduits. Communication between the device and the implanted pump is via a percutaneous needle puncture of the drug reservoir refill septum. This procedure is identical to that employed in a standard pump refill. Pump performance is evaluated by incrementally filling the pump reservoir while simultaneously measuring reservoir pressure. The resulting data are presented on the computer screen as a plot of pressure versus volume that quickly and simply either eliminates or confirms the reservoir pressure source as a failure mode. Diagnostic runs are saved on file for archival purposes. Their benchtop apparatus has been a valuable and reliable tool over many years of use. The authors believe that their portable apparatus will be equally beneficial.
Dataset of solution-based inorganic materials synthesis procedures extracted from the scientific literature (2022)

The development of a materials synthesis route is usually based on heuristics and experience. A possible new approach would be to apply data-driven approaches to learn the patterns of synthesis from past experience and use them to predict the syntheses of novel materials. However, this route is impeded by the lack of a large-scale database of synthesis formulations. In this work, we applied advanced machine learning and natural language processing techniques to construct a dataset of 35,675 solution-based synthesis procedures extracted from the scientific literature. Each procedure contains essential synthesis information including the precursors and target materials, their quantities, and the synthesis actions and corresponding attributes. Every procedure is also augmented with the reaction formula. Through this work, we are making freely available the first large dataset of solution-based inorganic materials synthesis procedures.
CATARACT SURGICAL PROBLEM (2005)

Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery: October 2005 - Volume 31 - Issue 10 - p 1858-1860 doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2005.11.002
Thermographic determination of delamination depth in composites (2003)

The determination of the depth and size of delaminations is important for assessing their impact on structural integrity. A common technique for depth determination from thermal responses relies on a calibration of the technique based on flat bottom hole in a NDE standard. This assumes a delamination will effectively block all the heat diffusion from the region above the delamination to the region below the delamination. For graphite fiber reinforced composites, where a thin delamination has a contact resistance, which is comparable with the thermal resistance of the layer above it, this assumption is inaccurate. This paper discusses thermographic depth profiling based on an analytical model for heat diffusion representing two layers connected by a contact resistance. The model is shown to accurately represent the thermal response obtained for flash heating of composite specimens with known delaminations. Using the model to fit the thermal responses enables an estimation of the depth of the delamination. The accuracy of the technique is determined from measurements on composite specimens with delaminations at known depths.
Monoclonal antibodies reactive with swine lymphocytes. I. Antibodies to membrane structures that define the cytolytic T lymphocyte subset in the swine. (1984)

A panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with specificity for swine leukocytes was prepared by somatic cell hybridization with the use of spleen cells from mice immunized with swine thymocytes. The reactivity of two mAb (295/33 and 122/28), which both immunoprecipitated from the surface of swine leukocytes an antigen termed S-L2 with an apparent m.w. of 33 to 35 kilodaltons under reducing and 65 to 70 kilodaltons under nonreducing conditions, was investigated in detail. These mAb were reactive in indirect immunofluorescence with 50 to 60% of thymocytes, 35% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, and 55% of E rosette-positive cells; they were nonreactive with bone marrow cells, Ig+ B cells, nonrosetting lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes. In functional studies, the elimination of S-L2+ cells partially reduced the proliferative response to concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen but not to Staphylococcus aureus and lipopolysaccharide. The S-L2- subset proliferated well to alloantigens. Both cytolytic T effector cells and precursor cells carried the antigen S-L2 and could be depleted from heterogeneous cell populations by both antibodies in the presence of complement. These data suggest that the mAb 295/33 and 122/28 recognize a specific polypeptide present on the surface of swine cytolytic T cells. These antibodies will be useful in studies on the swine immune system.
Post-disaster re-provisioning algorithms for optical mesh networks (2015)

The resource-crunch problem caused by large-scale disasters is a crucial concern for optical mesh network survivability. In this paper, we study best-effort-fairness based re-provisioning algorithms to recover disrupted connections in case of post-disaster resource crunch. By exploiting a global bandwidth-degradation method, our proposed algorithms maintain network connectivity and maximize traffic flows in post-disaster optical networks.
Agile Optical Frequency Synthesis via Parametric Processes (2011)

Rapid development in emerging applications, such as real- time combustion monitoring and biomedical imaging, has demanded the agility performance of tunable optical sources to an unprecedented level. Contemporary tunable sources, however, possess limited tuning speed and range due to constraints in tuning mechanisms and gain material engineering. In this dissertation, we introduce a new approach to address the need for highly-agile tunable radiation through extra-cavity tuning enhancement. Recognized by the instantaneous response, wide spectral bandwidth and good power efficiency, parametric effects in silica-based optical fibers are chosen to demonstrate the agility enhancement concepts. Two schemes, namely cavity- less source tuning (CAST) and swept-pump parametric oscillation and translation (SPOT), are consequently developed using the coherent wave-mixing and amplification attributes of parametric processes. Dispersion engineering for parametric mixers forms the cornerstone of the enhancement schemes presented. Highly-efficient, wideband mixing enabled by both homogeneous and stage-wise mixer dispersion management has led to order-of-magnitude improvement in tuning characteristics. Conversely, spectrally localized parametric interaction with proper higher-order dispersion control has allowed swiftly- tunable light generation beyond the spectral range of existing tunable laser sources. This dissertation thus covers the design and experimentation of the parametric mixers that demonstrate record performance in agile light synthesis