gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enantioselectivity of Azalanstat and Its Ketal Tosylate Intermediate in Chiral High Performance Liquid Chromatography Separations (1996)

Abstract Separation of the stereoisomers of azalanstat (RS-21607-197), a substituted imidazolyl-1,3-dioxolane which acts as a potent inhibitor of lanosterol 14α-demethylase in cholesterol biosynthesis, and its ketal tosylate intermediate was achieved by chiral high performance liquid chromatography. Resolution of all four stereoisomers of azalanstat was accomplished by normal phase separation of the diastereomers on a short silica gel column coupled on-line to a Chiralpak AS amylose carbamate phase chiral column for resolution of the enantiomers. A reversal in elution order of the cis-(2S,4S) and cis-(2R,4R) enantiomers of the ketal tosylate intermediate of azalanstat was exhibited by an Ultron ES-OVM ovomucoid protein bonded-phase column with a change in organic modifier from ethanol to acetonitrile. This unusual enantioselectivity in the chiral reverse phase separation of the ketal tosylate was attributed to a putative change in binding domains or recognition sites on the ovomucoid protein as a function of the organic modifier of the mobile phase. Resolution of all four stereoisomers of the ketal tosylate was achieved by use of a Chiralpak AD amylose carbamate phase column in the normal-phase mode.
Partially hydrolyzed cow’s milk formula has a therapeutic effect on the infants with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double‐blind study (2011)

This study suggests a novel therapeutic effect of phCMF in treating infants with mild to moderate AD during the first 6 months of their life without affecting their nutritional status.
Technologies des énergies renouvelables : fiche de synthèse 05 (2007)

La région Languedoc-Roussillon bénéficie d'un des meilleurs gisements d'énergies renouvelables (EnR) de France, en particulier, en ce qui concerne l'énergie éolienne et l'énergie solaire. Elle est la seule région française qui développe des recherches relatives au solaire concentré et possède des installations de grande taille dans ce domaine. Un des trois pôles de compétitivité français relatifs aux EnR est basé en région (DERBI à Perpignan). Des technologies relatives aux EnR sont actuellement disponibles et matures (chaleur moyenne et basse température, photovoltaïque [PV], éolien) et devraient être développées très activement. Les points de vigilance concernent: l'acceptation des parcs éoliens, la concurrence sur l'utilisation de l'eau dans le cas du développement des agrocarburants. Les propositions d'actions sont: utiliser le pôle de compétitivité DERBI pour favoriser le développement des activités technologiques et économiques dans le domaine des EnR, promouvoir encore plus les EnR et les économies d'énergie dans l'habitat (pas seulement de l'eau chaude sanitaire), en particulier l'habitat à faible consommation et la climatisation solaire, renforcer la position unique de la région dans le domaine de la RDT sur le solaire concentré, encourager les recherches relatives au PV innovant, au stockage (électrochimique et thermique) à la production de combustibles alternatifs (hydrogène) et la gestion intelligente de l'énergie.
Acetylsalicylic Acid and its Potential for Chemoprevention of Colorectal Carcinoma (2018)

This review introduces the role of COX in tumor biology of CRC and highlights the results of the most interesting experiments illustrating the anti-tumor effect of ASA. Moreover, our work evaluates the most important published clinical analyzes of the ASA chemopreventive effect on CRC and discusses the current state. Key words: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents - acetylsalicylic acid - colorectal carcinoma - cyclooxygenase - chemoprevention This work was supported by the projects MEYS - NPS I - LO1413, MH CZ - DRO (MMCI, 00209805) and by Czech Science Foundation project no. 16-14829S. The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers. Accepted: 10. 9. 2017.
A Multiproduct Kinetic Model for Non-growing Clostridium thermocellum JW20 in Constant Fed-Batch Culture (2001)

No kinetic models exist to quantitatively describe the complex fermentation activitiesof non-growing C. thermocellum cells, even though it has been shown that they differ inmetabolism (i.e. product shifts, yield, and selective cellular inactivation) from growingClostridium thermocellum cells. The main objective of this study was to develop acomprehensive macrokinetic model that mathematically describes the formation kinetics ofethanol, acetate, lactate, glucose, and the consumption of cellobiose in constant fed-batchfermentation. Experimental data were collected from cells harvested late in the exponentialgrowth period. These cells were maintained in batch culture without yeast extract to preventfurther growth. An intensive input variable called the specific cellobiose feeding rate (qf , mmolecellobioseg dry cells-1h-1) was used to quantify input process variables. The intracellularmetabolic state of the cells was quantified through an intensive pseudo-variable that served to estimate the specific lumped intracellular materials (SLIM, mmole cellobiose equivalenceg drycells-1). This pseudo-variable represented the specific amount of cellobiose taken in by the cellsbut not converted into the measured end-products. These two intensive variablessimultaneously controlled the specific production rates of ethanol, acetate, and lactate and thecellular uptake rate of cellobiose. On the other hand, the extracellular production of glucosewas indirectly affected by them.<br><br>The production of ethanol was favored over the other end-products when the valuesof qf was equal to or less than 0.39 mmole cellobioseg dry cells-1h-1. The production of lactatedrastically decreased when SLIM was lower than ~3.12 mmole cellobiose equivalenceg drycells-1. The cells rapidly lost their ability to form end-products when the values of SLIM wasequal or greater than ~10 mm moleg dry cells-1.Several constant fed-batch fermentations were simulated by the model. The overallmodel predictions were satisfactory. There were, however, some deviations between the modelpredictions and the experimental data. These deviations could be caused by small deviations inthe process variables and conditions.<br><br>The main objective of this study was to develop a comprehensive macrokineticfermentation model for the constant fed-batch cultivation of C. thermocellum on cellobiose. Theformation of the major products ethanol, acetate, lactate, and glucose were described over thecourse of the fermentation. The consumption of cellobiose was also predicted. The modelperformance was evaluated against both the calibration data set and an independent data set.Improvements to the model and the effective use of non-growing C. thermocellum cells wereaddressed.
The Direction of Glycan Chain Elongation by Peptidoglycan Glycosyltransferases (2007)

Peptidoglycan glycosyltransferases (PGTs) are highly conserved enzymes that catalyze the polymerization of Lipid II to form the glycan strands of bacterial murein. Because they play a key role in bacterial cell wall synthesis, these enzymes are potentially important antibiotic targets; however, their mechanisms are not yet understood. One longstanding question about these enzymes is whether they elongate glycan chains by adding subunits to the anomeric (reducing) end or to the 4-hydroxyl (nonreducing) end. We have developed an approach to test the direction of chain elongation that involves the use of nascent peptidoglycan chains which are blocked at their nonreducing ends. In the presence of the PGT domains of Staphylococcus aureus PBP2, Aquifex aeolicus PBP1A, Escherichia coli PBP1A, or Escherichia coli PBP1B, these blocked substrates react with Lipid II to form longer glycan chains. These results establish that PGTs elongate nascent peptidoglycan chains by the addition of disaccharide subunits to the anomeric (reducing) end of the growing polymer.
In-Clinic Versus Web-Based Multidisciplinary Exercise-Based Rehabilitation for Treatment of Low Back Pain: Prospective Clinical Trial in an Integrated Practice Unit Model (2021)

Background The recent onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to reduce barriers to access physical therapy and associated care through the use of web-based programs and telehealth for those seeking treatment for low back pain (LBP). Despite this need, few studies have compared the effectiveness of clinic-based versus web-based or telehealth services. Objective This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of clinic-based multidisciplinary therapy in an integrated practice unit (C-IPU) model with online integrated multidisciplinary therapy (O-IPU) in individuals undergoing conservative care for LBP. Methods A total of 1090 participants were prospectively recruited to participate in a clinical trial registry (NCT04081896) through the SpineZone rehabilitation IPU program. All participants provided informed consent. Participants were allocated to the C-IPU (N=988) or O-IPU (N=102) groups based on their personal preferences. The C-IPU program consisted of a high-intensity machine-based core muscle resistance training program, whereas the O-IPU program consisted of therapist-directed home core strengthening exercises through a web-based platform. Changes in LBP symptom severity (Numeric Pain Rating Scale), disability (Oswestry Disability Index), goal achievement (Patient-Specific Functional Scale), and frequency of opioid use were compared between the C-IPU and O-IPU groups using multivariate linear regression modeling adjusted for age, gender, treatment number, program duration, and baseline pain and disability. Results Approximately 93.03% (1014/1090) of the participants completed their recommended programs, with no group differences in dropout rates (P=.78). The C-IPU group showed greater pain relief (P&lt;.001) and reductions in disability (P=.002) than the O-IPU group, whereas the O-IPU group reported greater improvements in goal achievement (P&lt;.001). Both programs resulted in reduced opioid use frequency, with 19.0% (188/988) and 21.5% (22/102) of participants reporting cessation of opioid use for C-IPU and O-IPU programs, respectively, leaving only 5.59% (61/1090) of participants reporting opioid use at the end of their treatment. Conclusions Both in-clinic and web-based multidisciplinary programs are beneficial in reducing pain, disability, and opioid use and in improving goal achievement. The differences between these self-selected groups shed light on patient characteristics, which require further investigation and could help clinicians optimize these programs. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04081896; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04081896
Mining source code to automatically split identifiers for software analysis (2009)

Automated software engineering tools (e.g., program search, concern location, code reuse, quality assessment, etc.) increasingly rely on natural language information from comments and identifiers in code. The first step in analyzing words from identifiers requires splitting identifiers into their constituent words. Unlike natural languages, where space and punctuation are used to delineate words, identifiers cannot contain spaces. One common way to split identifiers is to follow programming language naming conventions. For example, Java programmers often use camel case, where words are delineated by uppercase letters or non-alphabetic characters. However, programmers also create identifiers by concatenating sequences of words together with no discernible delineation, which poses challenges to automatic identifier splitting. In this paper, we present an algorithm to automatically split identifiers into sequences of words by mining word frequencies in source code. With these word frequencies, our identifier splitter uses a scoring technique to automatically select the most appropriate partitioning for an identifier. In an evaluation of over 8000 identifiers from open source Java programs, our Samurai approach outperforms the existing state of the art techniques.
Nanoporous Graphene Membranes for Efficient3He/4He Separation (2011)

Nanoporous functionalized graphene membranes containing nitrogen atoms in a nanosized ring pore have the capability to separate 3He from 4He efficiently by quantum tunneling through the pore. Calculations on size-reduced model systems of single-graphene pores reveal that a balanced choice of tunneling barrier height and low gas temperature boosts the selectivity and keeps the helium gas flux at an industrially exploitable level.
Antenna Element Pattern Estimation based on Array Beam Pattern (2018)

As millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication based on massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system has promised as a new technology, beamforming techniques are studied actively to overcome high path-loss. Since antenna element patterns and beam patterns are distorted because of mutual coupling between antennas, it is important to consider practical antenna element radiation pattern when beamforming are studied and used to reflect practical environment. By knowing practical antenna element patterns, mutual coupling problems can be solved and beamforming techniques can be studied more flexibly considering practical environments. It is, however, very difficult to measure antenna element patterns because of small peak gain compared to beam gain. Therefore, we propose an antenna element pattern estimation algorithm based on array beam pattern which can be measured relatively easily.
On the Use of a Torsional Split Hopkinson Bar to Study Rate Effects in 1100-0 Aluminum (1971)

The difficulties involved in the accurate measurement of the flow stress of materials at high rates of deformation are reviewed, and methods of overcoming these difficulties are discussed. It is concluded that the best experimental method is that in which a split Hopkinson bar is adapted for torsion testing, and the loading pulse is approximately square in shape and has a relatively short duration. A description is given of apparatus which was developed to achieve this type of loading, the input wave being generated explosively. This wave was found to contain large amplitude fluctuations, and to eliminate these a mechanical “pulse smoother” was used. The operation of this device is described, and the test procedure, method of calibration, and possible sources of inaccuracy are discussed. Results are presented for 1100-0 aluminum alloy deformed at strain rates of the order of 800 sec−1 and are compared with those obtained at a nominal strain rate of 10−4 sec−1; the results are also compared with those obtained in compressive tests by other workers.
Diseño hipertextual basado en la evidencia: nuevos resultados del proyecto Documentación Digital de la universidad Pompeu Fabra de Barcelona (2001)

Los documentos hipertextuales masivamente interconectados no siempre favorecen los procesos de enseñanza/aprendizaje; el tráfico de correo electrónico puede dificultar las funciones docentes y la necesidad de al menos cuatro figuras diferentes para la docencia a través de Internet, son algunas de las conclusiones que se han podido obtener de la segunda edición del proyecto Documentación Digital (http:docdigital.upf.es). El mencionado proyecto consiste en el diseño y la organización de un diploma de postgrado sobre documentación e información digital que se imparte de forma íntegra a través de Internet, con utilización de tecnología web y estructuras hipertextuales. En la actualidad, está teniendo lugar la tercera edición del diploma, con la activa participación de unos 40 alumnos de España y de América Latina.
Evolutionary Changes of Hepatitis B Virus Pre-S Mutations Prior to Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2015)

High prevalence and cumulative evolution of pre-S mutations preceding HCC development suggested a possible carcinogenic role of pre-S mutations and their potential application in HCC risk prediction.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of LiMn2-xFeXO4 Cathode Materials for LI Ion Rechargeable Batteries (2016)

High energy density batteries are essential for portable electronic devices e.g. Laptops, mobile phones, iPads, toy etc. Besides this, high energy density batteries are also required for power tools and hybrid electric vehicles. Commercially available lead-acid batteries are toxic and have low energy density and not suitable for electronic devices. Advanced Li-ion batteries possess high specific energy as compared to existing rechargeable battery technologies. Commercially available Li ion rechargeable batteries having LiCoO 2 as cathode materials are toxic and expensive due to the presence of cobalt. Additional disadvantage of LiCoO 2 based batteries is their low operating voltage (3 V), which restricts their application for hybrid electric vehicles and power tools. It has already been reported that the charge-discharge characteristics and cycleability of LiMn 2 O 4 can be improved by substituting the Mn 3+ ion with transition metals e.g. Cr, Co, Ni, Cu etc. To increase the energy density of the Li ion rechargeable batteries we will be exploring the cathode materials, working in higher operating voltage (~5V) range. We have synthesized LiMn 2-x Fe x O 4 cathode materials for Li ion rechargeable batteries. The concentration of Fe varies from 0.1 to 0.5 with an increment of 0.1. The cathode materials were synthesized by sol-gel method and calcined at various temperature in the range of 800 o C to 950 o C. The synthesized materials were physically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal scanning calorimetry (DSC), micro-Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. We obtained phase pure Fd3m structure in all synthesized compounds. The electrochemical characterization were carried out in a coin cell configuration using cyclic voltammetry, charge-discharge characteristics, impedance spectroscopy and cycleability. Cyclic voltametric studies reveal the reversible electrochemical properties of LiMn 2-x Fe x O 4 cathode materials. The detailed results and discussion on physical and electrochemical properties of LiMn 2-x Fe x O 4 cathode materials will be presented in the ECS 229 th meeting.
<title>Development of a subpicosecond large-dynamic-range x-ray streak camera</title> (1997)

A novel subpicosecond x-ray streak camera (called PX1) was developed by the INRS group for subpicosecond time resolved spectroscopy in x rays and X-UV range. Using the PX1 camera, we have measured keV x-ray pulses with a 950 fs FWHM and a 850 fs rise time. The camera has also been coupled to ultrafast photoconductive switches and tested in jitter-free mode as a signal averaging detector. This instrument allows to analyze ultrafast changes in short wavelength signals with an unlimited dynamic range.
A weighted sparse coding framework for saliency detection (2015)

There is an emerging interest on using high-dimensional datasets beyond 2D images in saliency detection. Examples include 3D data based on stereo matching and Kinect sensors and more recently 4D light field data. However, these techniques adopt very different solution frameworks, in both type of features and procedures on using them. In this paper, we present a unified saliency detection framework for handling heterogenous types of input data. Our approach builds dictionaries using data-specific features. Specifically, we first select a group of potential foreground superpixels to build a primitive saliency dictionary. We then prune the outliers in the dictionary and test on the remaining superpixels to iteratively refine the dictionary. Comprehensive experiments show that our approach universally outperforms the state-of-the-art solution on all 2D, 3D and 4D data.
Causes of proteolytic degradation of secreted recombinant proteins produced in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris: Case study with recombinant ovine interferon‐τ (2004)

It was observed that during fermentative production of recombinant ovine interferon-tau (r-oIFN-tau) in Pichia pastoris, a secreted recombinant protein, the protein was degraded increasingly after 48 h of induction and the rate of degradation increased towards the end of fermentation at 72 h, when the fermentation was stopped. Proteases, whose primary source was the vacuoles, was found in increasing levels in the cytoplasm and in the fermentation broth after 48 h of induction and reached maximal values when the batch was completed at 72 h. Protease levels at various cell fractions as well as in the culture supernatant were lower when glycerol was used as the carbon source instead of methanol. It can be concluded that methanol metabolism along with cell lysis towards the end of fermentation contributes to increased proteolytic activity and eventual degradation of recombinant protein.
Author Correction: Fluxomic Analysis Reveals Central Carbon Metabolism Adaptation for Diazotroph Azotobacter vinelandii Ammonium Excretion (2019)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Investigations into elasticity in cloud computing (2013)

The pay-as-you-go model supported by existing cloud infrastructure providers is appealing to most application service providers to deliver their applications in the cloud. Within this context, elasticity of applications has become one of the most important features in cloud computing. This elasticity enables real-time acquisition/release of compute resources to meet application performance demands. In this thesis we investigate the problem of delivering cost-effective elasticity services for cloud applications. Traditionally, the application level elasticity addresses the question of how to scale applications up and down to meet their performance requirements, but does not adequately address issues relating to minimising the costs of using the service. With this current limitation in mind, we propose a scaling approach that makes use of cost-aware criteria to detect the bottlenecks within multi-tier cloud applications, and scale these applications only at bottleneck tiers to reduce the costs incurred by consuming cloud infrastructure resources. Our approach is generic for a wide class of multi-tier applications, and we demonstrate its effectiveness by studying the behaviour of an example electronic commerce site application. Furthermore, we consider the characteristics of the algorithm for implementing the business logic of cloud applications, and investigate the elasticity at the algorithm level: when dealing with large-scale data under resource and time constraints, the algorithm’s output should be elastic with respect to the resource consumed. We propose a novel framework to guide the development of elastic algorithms that adapt to the available budget while guaranteeing the quality of output result, e.g. prediction accuracy for classification tasks, improves monotonically with the used budget. We demonstrate the application of the framework by developing two elastic data mining algorithms as examples. Experimental evaluations have been performed using prediction accuracy as the quality measure on real datasets. The results show that both algorithms indeed exhibit consistent increase in quality.
A Guidance Law for General Surface Targets (1983)

A modified pursuit guidance law is proposed for low-cost tactical missiles. Analysis of this law is carried out for surface targets with constant crossing velocity and constant crossing acceleration, and for stationary targets in the presence of gravity. The law is simple to implement using the velocity vane pursuit guidance seeker, and for the above targets is as accurate as proportional navigation. It is shown how classical pursuit guidance may seriously influence the stability of low-cost missiles which do not employ autostabilization. The present scheme significantly reduces this problem.