gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A study of object naming according to the manufacturing processes in a cooking activity (2009)

Usually, an intermediate object that appears for a short time during a process of production, for instance "minced onion," does not have a common and specific name. In this paper, we study how people designate such an intermediate object using their own wording. First, we investigated the human naming structure employed for an intermediate object using a questionnaire survey of 20 female homemaker subjects. The result showed that the subjects most frequently designated an intermediate object by the name(s) of its component material(s), even when its appearance changed completely as compared to the original object(s). When the name(s) of the component(s) referred to more than two object candidates, the subjects tended to add the name of the last process performed to the target object, or the name of the final product that the target was going to be. Second, we proposed an algorithm for searching a target food designated by the user in his/her words. This algorithm successfully determined an average of 93% of the foods designated by the user at any time during the cooking process.
BIOLOGIC EFFECT OF HUMAN HEPATOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR ON HUMAN GASTRIC-CARCINOMA CELL-LINES (1993)

Biologic effect of human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF), which is now known to be the same protein of scatter factor and tumor cytotoxic factor, on gastric cancer cell lines were examined. hHGF messenger RNA expression was undetectable in human gastric cancer cell lines TMK-1 (poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma) and MKN-28 (well differentiated adenocarcinoma). Human fetal lung fibroblast cell line MRC-5 and human stomach derived fibroblast ST-Fib expressed high levels of hHGF mRNA. hHGF production was also confirmed in the culture media of the fibroblast cell lines by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Interestingly, TMK-1, having weak expression of E-cadherin, showed marked scattering on 0.1% collagen gel with hHGF (10 ng/ml). The same scattering activity was also observed with fibroblast conditioned medium or with stomach derived fibroblast ST-Fib co-culture. Contrarily, well differentiated adenocarcinoma cell line MKN-28 maintaining strong E-cadherin expression did not show this morphologic change. The expression of c-met proto-oncogene, which encodes the receptor for hHGF, and the biochemical character of hHGF receptor did not differ significantly between TMK-1 and MKN-28. On the other hand, Western blot analysis using specific antibody to phosphotyrosine revealed a difference in phosphoprotein pattern between the two cell lines. These results indicate that hHGF produced by the stromal fibroblasts has a histologic type-specific morphogenic activity on gastric cancer cells with different expression of E-cadherin in a paracrine manner in vivo and a different post-receptor signal transduction mechanism.
Squaraine dyes: a mine of molecular materials (2007)

This feature article highlights the recent developments in the field of squaraine chemistry. Attempts have been made to address the relevance of squaraine dyes as a class of functional organic materials useful for electronic and photonic applications. Due to the synthetic access of a variety of squaraine dyes with structural variations and due to the strong absorption and emission properties which respond to the surrounding medium, these dyes have been receiving significant attention. Therefore, squaraine dyes have been extensively investigated in recent years, from both fundamental and technological viewpoints.
Polymorphism in apolipoprotein(a) kringle IV 37 (Met/Thr): Frequency in a London population and its association with coronary artery disease (1997)

It was shown that the prevalence of the Met66-->Thr mutation is markedly higher in Caucasians than in Afro-Caribbeans and that this mutation is not associated with either Lp(a) levels or severity of CAD.
A method for detecting water leakage in heating pipes based on infrared and visible images (2022)

Aiming at the complex environment in the inspection of underground heating pipes, including high-temperature flanges, valves, and stale water stains on the surface of heat pipes, a method for detecting water leakage in heating pipelines combining thermal infrared and visible images is designed. Temperature anchor frame detection is performed on thermal infrared images, and deep learning is used for visible image for water stain anchor frame detection. This paper proposes a detection method for determining the degree of correlation and high temperature point to determine the water outlet point based on the position coincidence degree, which excludes the infrared interference caused by the high temperature of the flange and valve, and the visible light interference caused by the old water stains, and has a good detection result for the leakage of the heat pipe.
PSII-7 Type I error rates of two strategies to analyze a randomized complete block design within multiple sites (2019)

Abstract It is not unusual to come across randomized complete block designs (RCBD) replicated over a small number of sites in swine nutrition trials. For example, pens could be blocked by location or by initial body weight within three rooms or barns. One possibility is to analyze this design with the assumption of no treatment by site interaction which implies treatment differences are similar across all sites. This assumption might not always seem reasonable and site by treatment interaction could be included in the analysis to account for these differences should they exist. However, the site by treatment mean square becomes the error term for evaluating treatment. The objective of this study was to provide a recommendation of a practical strategy based on Type I error rates estimated from a simulation study. Scenarios with and without site by treatment interaction were considered with three sites and equal means across four treatments. The variance component for the error was set to 1 and the rest were either selected to be equal (σ2s = σ2b = σ2s*t =1) or one of them was set to 10. For the scenarios with no site by treatment interaction, σ2s*t = 0, for a total of 7 scenarios. Each scenario was simulated 10,000 times. For each simulation, both strategies were applied. The Kenward-Rodger approximation (KR) to the denominator degrees of freedom was also considered. Type I errors were estimated as the proportion of simulations with a significant treatment effect with α = 0.05. Overall, there was no evidence Type I error rates were inflated when the site by treatment interaction was omitted, even when σ2s*t = 10. The KR had no effect. In contrast, including the interaction term leads to a highly conservative Type I error rate far below the 5% level which results in a reduction of power; however, using KR mitigated the conservativeness.
Extremum-seeking control for an ultrasonic/sonic driller/corer (USDC) driven at high power (2006)

Future NASA exploration missions will increasingly require sampling, in-situ analysis and possibly the return of material to Earth for further tests. One of the challenges to addressing this need is the ability to drill using minimal reaction force and torque while operating from light weight platforms (e.g., lander, rover, etc.) as well as operate at planets with low gravity. For this purpose, the authors developed the Ultrasonic/Sonic Driller/Corer (USDC) jointly with Cybersonics Inc. Studies of the operation of the USDC at high power have shown there is a critical need to self-tune to maintain the operation of the piezoelectric actuator at resonance. Performing such tuning is encountered with difficulties and to address them an extremum-seeking control algorithm is being investigated. This algorithm is designed to tune the driving frequency of a time-varying resonating actuator subjected to both random and high-power impulsive noise disturbances. Using this algorithm, the performance of the actuator is monitored on a time-scale that is compatible with its slowly time-varying physical characteristics. The algorithm includes a parameter estimator, which estimates the coefficients of a function that characterizes the quality factor of the USDC. Since the parameter estimator converges sufficiently faster than the time-varying drift of the USDC's actuator physical parameters, this extremum-seeking estimation and control algorithm potentially allows for use in closed-loop monitoring of the operation of the USDC. Specifically, this system may be programmed to automatically adjust the duty-cycle of the sinusoidal driver signal to monitor the quality factor of the USDC not to fall below a user-defined set-point. Such fault-tolerant functionality is especially important in automated drilling applications where it is essential not to inadvertently drive the piezoelectric ceramic elements of the USDC beyond their operation capability. The details of the algorithm and experimental results are described and discussed in this paper.
Improving the quality of a Physical Unclonable Function using configurable Ring Oscillators (2009)

A silicon physical unclonable function (PUF), which is a die-unique challenge-response function, is an emerging hardware primitive for secure applications. It exploits manufacturing process variations in a die to generate unique signatures out of a chip. This enables chip authentication and cryptographic key generation. A ring oscillator (RO) based PUF is a promising solution for FPGA platforms. However, the quality factors of this PUF, which include uniqueness, reliability and attack resiliency, are negatively affected by environmental noise and systematic variations in the die. This paper proposes two methods to address these negative effects, and to achieve a higher reliability in an RO-based PUF. Both methods are empirically verified on a population of five FPGAs over varying environmental conditions, and demonstrate how practically useful RO-based PUF can be achieved.
ChemInform Abstract: INFLUENCE OF A PERFLUOROBUTYL SUBSTITUENT ON THE REARRANGEMENT OF PROP‐2‐YNYL DIETHYLPHOSPHITES TO ALLENIC PHOSPHONATES (1985)

Abstract In Abhängigkeit von den Substituenten reagieren die Pr‐opinylalkohole (I) mit Diethylchlorphosphit (II) zu den Phosphonaten (III) und (V) bzw. zum Phosphit (IV).
Effective treatment of persistent papular acantholytic dermatosis with cyclosporine (1998)

We describe a patient with persistent papular acantholytic dermatosis provoked by phototoxic reaction to his usual perfumed soap and shaving foam. Therapy with systemic and topical corticosteroids failed to improve the patient. Treatment with cyclosporine was found to be effective.
Tunable Broadband Mems Fabry-Pérot Near Infrared Filter Based on Double-Membrane Silicon/Air Mirrors (2019)

We present a broadband tunable MEMS filter functional in a spectral range between 900 nm and 1650 nm. It is based on a double-membrane Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI) operating in first interference order comprising two symmetric Si/Air Bragg mirrors and a long range electrostatic actuation. The double-membrane approach allows optical gap and actuation gap to be separated, enabling independent adjustment of initial transmission wavelength and maximum mirror travel range. Additionally, this approach improves mirror parallelism. To our best knowledge, it is the first time an FPI based on Si/Air mirrors is tuned over the first order free spectral range unlocking the full potential of these high quality broadband reflectors.
An improvement on constructions of t-EC/AUED codes (1996)

A common method of constructing t-error correcting/all unidirectional error detecting (t-EC/AUED) codes is to choose a t-EC code and then to append a tail such that the new code can detect all unidirectional errors. The tail is a function of the weight of the codeword. We present a technique to reduce the weight distribution of the t-EC code so that the tail needed will be shorter in some cases. The weight distribution span of the code is reduced by eliminating the all-zero codeword and replacing it with a codeword of weight greater than 2t+1.
O AQUECIMENTO GLOBAL E SUA REPERCUSSÃO NA MÍDIA: ALGUMAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA UM DEBATE. (2013)

Atualmente a problemática do aquecimento global tem sido um tema recorrente nos meios de comunicação de massas, que vem tratando as mudanças climáticas quase que exclusivamente sob a perspectiva antropogênica, onde o alarmismo e as previsões catastróficas são o foco desta abordagem. O fato é que a maior parte da população tem recorrido as informações disponibilizadas pelos media mass para se interarem das mudanças climáticas, o que revela uma grave preocupação, tendo em vista a parcialidade da abordagem jornalística, o que aponta para a existência de mecanismos de manipulação de informação presentes nas reportagens. Nesse contexto, este artigo busca apresentar as duas principais vertentes das discussões acerca do aquecimento global, além de analisar o tratamento midiático acerca das mudanças climáticas na atualidade.
Clinical and laboratory study of tobramycin in the treatment of infections due to gram-negative organisms. (1977)

Tobramycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, was used to treat 52 infections due to gram-negative organisms in 51 patients. Complicated urinary tract infections, bacteremia and pyelonephritis accounted for 80% of the infections. The rate of immediate satisfactory response was 79%. During therapy with tobramycin, resistant organisms emerged in four patients--two Pseudomonas aeruginosa and two Escherichia coli strains. There were four superinfections with tobramycin-resistant Providencia sp. In four seriously ill patients the serum creatinine concentration increased 1 mg/dL or more; in three the increase was transient. No auditory toxicity was noted in the 19 patients in whom serial audiograms were made. In vitro testing of isolates from these patients showed that tobramycin and gentamicin had equal activity against Enterobacteriaceae. Tobramycin was two to four times more active against susceptible P. aeruginosa.
Starch Modification, Destructuration and Hydrolysis during O‐Formylation (2004)

Abstract The mixing of dry starch with 40 or 99% (v/v) formic acid (FA) produces an O ‐formylation reaction which causes a combination of acid hydrolysis and starch destructuration. Moreover, this esterification reaction is highly exothermic in the presence of pure FA. When O‐ formylation is performed at temperatures higher than 20°C, starch formate content is high (degree of substitution, DS, of 2.15 after 60 min at 105°C) but then molecular weight decreases (η red ≶ 10 mL/g). Under thermally‐controlled conditions at 20°C in formic acid, degrees of substitution reach 1.5–1.6 after 6 h reaction times and polymer degradation seems to be limited (η red = 110 to 140 mL/g). The degrees of substitution obtained in water/formic acid mixtures are below those in formic acid alone. The level of destructuration of starch in formic acid and water/formic acid mixtures was also evidenced by dynamic rheological measurements and optical microscopy. Plots of storage modulus ( G ’) versus frequency (ω) was used to characterize both the gelatinization and the gel destruction processes as a function of reaction temperature ( T r ) and FA concentration.
Correlation of Surfactant-Induced Flow Behavior Modification in Gas Condensate Reservoirs with Dynamic Contact Angles and Spreading (2011)

Abstract The commonly encountered condensate blockage problem causes severe impairment of gas productivity as the flowing bottom-hole pressure falls below the dew point in gas condensate reservoirs. This study investigates the potential for improving gas relative permeability and enhancing oil (condensate) recovery by using low-cost surfactants to alter wettability in the near wellbore region as well as fluid-fluid spreading coefficient. Surfactant-induced wettability alterations have been derived from experimental measurements of dynamic contact angles and oil-water relative permeabilities. Coreflood experiments were conducted using two different rock-fluids systems: (1) Berea sandstone, condensate, synthetic brine and nitrogen; and (2) Parker sandstone, artificial retrograde gas, and synthetic brine at elevated pressures. The anionic surfactant, which was more effective in our previous work, has been used in this coreflood study. Contact angles were measured on quartz surface using Dual-Drop-Dual-Crystal (DDDC) technique and spreading coefficient was determined through measuring interfacial tensions using pendent drop method by drop shape analysis technique. Oil-water relative permeabilities were generated by history matching condensate recovery and pressure drop data obtained from the coreflood experiments. The shifts in oil-water relative permeability ratio curves indicated that the wettability of this Berea core-condensate-brine system altered to intermediate-wet induced by this anionic surfactant. The contact angle measurements for this system with surfactant also substantiated the wettability alterations to intermediate-wet. The results of subsequent gasflood using nitrogen showed 82% improvement in gas relative permeability for this system. Positive spreading coefficient obtained in all Berea core cases indicates that it has less influence on enhanced gas relative permeability compared to wettability alteration. Corefloods using artificially prepared retrograde gas mixture creating in-situ retrograde gas condensation within the core system also showed the improvement in gas relative permeability. This study thus demonstrates that surfactant-induced alteration of wettability and spreading coefficient have the benefits for improving gas and condensate production by mitigating the condensate blockage problem.
MTJ-based "normally-off processors" with thermal stability factor engineered perpendicular MTJ, L2 cache based on 2T-2MTJ cell, L3 and last level cache based on 1T-1MTJ cell and novel error handling scheme (2015)

MTJ-based cache memory is expected to reduce processor power significantly. However, write energy increases rapidly for high speed operation and considered not suited for lower level cache memory. In this work, we have developed L2 and L3 cache memory based on thermal stability factor engineered pMTJ with 2T-2MTJ and 1T-1MTJ memory cell and novel error handling scheme. These techniques reduce 75% energy with 2% performance overhead compared to SRAM-based l2 and L3 cache memory.
Comparative CYP3A4 Inhibitory Effects of Venlafaxine, Fluoxetine, Sertraline, and Nefazodone in Healthy Volunteers (2004)

An antidepressant for use in the patient receiving concomitant drug treatment, over-the-counter medications, or herbal products should lack cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 3A4 inductive or inhibitory activity to provide the least likelihood of a drug-drug interaction. This study addresses the potential of 4 diverse antidepressants (venlafaxine, nefazodone, sertraline, and fluoxetine) to inhibit or induce CYP3A4. In a 4-way crossover design, 16 subjects received clinically relevant doses of venlafaxine, nefazodone, or sertraline for 8 days or fluoxetine for 11 days. Treatments were separated by a 7- to 14-day washout period and fluoxetine was always the last antidepressant taken. CYP3A4 activity was evaluated for each subject at baseline and following each antidepressant using the erythromycin breath test (EBT) and by the pharmacokinetics of alprazolam (ALPZ) after 2-mg dose of oral ALPZ. Compared to baseline, venlafaxine, sertraline, and fluoxetine caused no apparent inhibition or induction of erythromycin metabolism (P > 0.05). For nefazodone, a statistically significant inhibition was observed (P < 0.0005). Nefazodone was also the only antidepressant that caused a significant change in ALPZ disposition, decreasing its area under the concentration-versus-time curve (AUC; P < 0.01), and increasing its elimination half-life (16.4 vs. 12.3 hours; P < 0.05) compared with values at baseline. No significant differences were found in the pharmacokinetics of ALPZ with any of the other antidepressants tested. These results demonstrate in vivo that, unlike nefazodone, venlafaxine, sertraline, and fluoxetine do not possess significant metabolic inductive or inhibitory effects on CYP3A4.
NCEER-TAISEI CORPORATION RESEARCH PROGRAM ON SLIDING SEISMIC ISOLATION SYSTEMS FOR BRIDGES EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF A SYSTEM CONSISTING OF LUBRICATED PTFE SLIDING BEARINGS AND MILD STEEL DAMPERS. (1994)

This report describes the results of an experimental study of the behavior of a bridge seismic isolation system consisting of lubricated flat sliding bearings and mild steel dampers. Earthquake simulator tests have been performed on a model bridge structure both isolated with this system and non-isolated. The experimental results demonstrate that the system is capable of maintaining the forces transmitted to the substructure at a preset limit, however at the expense of significant permanent displacements. Analytical techniques are used to predict the dynamic response of the system and the obtained results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Negative differential resistance due to resonant interband tunneling of holes (1990)

The current-voltage (I-V) behavior of a GaSb(p)/AlSb/InAs/AlSb/GaSb(p) resonant interband tunneling (RIT) heterostructure is analyzed experimentally and theoretically. The structure has been successfully grown on a (100)-oriented GaAs substrate by molecular-beam epitaxy, demonstrating that more exotic lattice-matched substrates (such as InAs or GaSb) are not required for RIT devices. Theoretical simulations of I-V behavior are developed, employing a two-band tight-binding model. Experimental I-V curves show pronounced negative differential resistance, with a peak-to-valley current ratio of 8.3 at 300 K. Good agreement is observed between measured and calculated peak current densities, consistent with light-hole tunneling through the confined InAs conduction-band state.
225-LB: Targeting ß-Cell Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) TALK-1 Channels to Restore Ca2+ Homeostasis and Reduce ER Stress in Diabetes (2021)

Perturbations in Ca2+ homeostasis contribute to β-cell failure in diabetes, limiting insulin secretion and exacerbating hyperglycemia. TALK-1 is the most islet-restricted and most abundantly expressed K+ channel of the β-cell. ER TALK-1 channels provide K+ countercurrent for [Ca2+]ER release, thereby tuning [Ca2+]ER storage and release. During β-cell Ca2+ influx, TALK-1-enhanced [Ca2+]ER release leads to activation of the hyperpolarizing Ca2+ activated K+ channels, thus increasing the silent phase duration between Ca2+ oscillations. A gain-of-function mutation in TALK-1(L114P) causes MODY, by disrupting cytoplasmic and ER Ca2+ handling. However, the ability to probe ER TALK-1 channels as a therapeutic target to normalize β-cell Ca2+ handling and reduce ER stress in diabetes has not been determined. Here, using a high throughput fluorescence-based thallium (TI+) flux assay (z’ =0.64) in a TALK-1 overexpression cell line, we identified 80 TALK-1 selective inhibitors from a small molecule library of 50,000 compounds. 4 potent inhibitors that also inhibited the ER membrane TALK-1 channels were identified by monitoring cyclopiazonic acid-induced [Ca2+]ER release (e.g. K2P16-i7(IC50=5.3μM); 63.36% [Ca2+]ER recovery, p-value=0.02). We also tested these inhibitors for their efficacy in controlling mouse islet [Ca2+]ER storage as well as cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations. TALK-1 inhibitors significantly increased islet [Ca2+]ER storage and Ca2+ oscillation frequency (e.g.K2P16-i7; [Ca2+]ER AUC=60.9a.u., peaks/min=0.45 vs. DMSO; [Ca2+]ER AUC=49.7a.u., peaks/min= 0.17, p-value&amp;lt;0.05). Importantly, the inhibitors did not alter [Ca2+]ER and glucose-stimulated Ca2+ oscillation frequency in TALK-1 KO islets. In summary, we have identified the first ER TALK-1 selective inhibitors that can not only be utilized to assess the role of TALK-1 in human β-cell Ca2+ handling and GSIS, but also potentially reduce ER dysfunction during diabetes pathogenesis. Disclosure A. Y. Nakhe: None. P. Dadi: None. D. Westover: None. E. Days: None. J. Denton: None. D. Jacobson: None.