gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reversible, voltage-activated formation of biomimetic membranes between triblock copolymer-coated aqueous droplets in good solvents (2016)

Biomimetic membranes assembled from block copolymers attract considerable interest because they exhibit greater stability and longetivity compared to lipid bilayers, and some enable the reconstitution of functional transmembrane biomolecules. Yet to-date, block copolymer membranes have not been achieved using the droplet interface bilayer (DIB) method, which uniquely allows assembling single- and multi-membrane networks between water droplets in oil. Herein, we investigate the formation of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(dimethyl siloxane)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer-stabilized interfaces (CSIs) between polymer-coated aqueous droplets in solutions comprising combinations of decane, hexadecane and AR20 silicone oil. We demonstrate that triblock-coated droplets do not spontaneously adhere in these oils because all are thermodynamically good solvents for the hydrophobic PDMS middle block. However, thinned planar membranes are reversibly formed at the interface between droplets upon the application of a sufficient transmembrane voltage, which removes excess solvent from between droplets through electrocompression. At applied voltages above the threshold required to initiate membrane thinning, electrowetting causes the area of the CSI between droplets to increase while thickness remains constant; the CSI electrowetting response is similar to that encountered with lipid-based DIBs. In combination, these results reveal that stable membranes can be assembled in a manner that is completely reversible when an external pressure is used to overcome a barrier to adhesion caused by solvent-chain interactions, and they demonstrate new capability for connecting and disconnecting aqueous droplets via polymer-stabilized membranes.
Proper use of appendiceal stump closure methods for surgical site infection in laparoscopic appendectomy (2022)

By properly using the Endoloop and endostapler according to the severity of inflammation, the Endoloop can be safely performed in many cases. Inexpensive Endoloop as an option for stump closure methods should positively impact medical costs.
COMPOUND REPETITION IN OXIDE-OXIDE INTERACTIONS: THE SYSTEM Li2O-V2O5 (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCOMPOUND REPETITION IN OXIDE-OXIDE INTERACTIONS: THE SYSTEM Li2O-V2O5Arnold Reisman and Joan MineoCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1962, 66, 6, 1181–1185Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100812a048https://doi.org/10.1021/j100812a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Studies on the delta-endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis (1986)

Parasporal crystals of the recently isolated Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis are toxic for coleopteran larvae. Unlike those of other strains they are soluble either in aqueous solutions of NaBr at neutral pH or in water after titration to pH values above pH 10.0. The dissolved crystal protein readily forms crystals after removal of the salt or neutralization. The crystal protein was not found to differ much in the amino acid composition from other crystal proteins. The parasporal crystals are composed of subunits of Mr 68 000 which are not linked by disulfide bridges.
Antiviral Activity of Cytarabine in Herpesvirus–Infected Rats (1973)

Intranasal inoculation of herpesvirus (approximately 1.8 mean lethal doses [LD(50)] in 0.1 ml) into 105- to 115-g rats produces paralytic disease in 4 to 5 days and 80 to 100% mortality in 8 to 12 days. Cytarabine (ara-C) (40 to 320 mg/kg), administered subcutaneously to inoculated rats, delays the onset of paralysis and protects the animals from death. Drug treatments were given twice daily for 5 days. Beneficial drug effects were observed even when initiation of therapy was delayed for 3 days after virus inoculation. A dose-response relationship existed when therapy was initiated at 4 h after virus inoculation. However, when therapy was delayed for 3 days, it appeared that the highest drug level (320 mg/kg twice daily) was somewhat less effective than the lower doses (160 and 80 mg/kg twice daily). Virus could be detected in homogenates of brain beginning 3 days after inoculation, and the titer increased through 7 days. Ara-C treatment, initiated 4 h after inoculation, caused a delay in the appearance of virus, and a reduction in the titer in the brain homogenates. No virus was detected in blood serum, or in homogenates prepared from lung, kidney, thymus, or spleen of infected rats. The virus titration studies are in agreement with the illness and mortality produced by herpesvirus infection.
Reconstruction of Extended Bone Defects Using Massive Allografts Combined with Surgical Angiogenesis (2017)

The combination of vascularized soft-tissue reconstruction and osseous reconstruction using allogenic bone along with surgical angiogenesis proved to be effective. Complex extremity reconstruction should be discussed with interdisciplinary specialists.
HGG-18. Long-term efficacy and safety of larotrectinib in paediatric patients with tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) fusion-positive primary central nervous system (CNS) tumours (2022)

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusions are oncogenic drivers in various tumours. Larotrectinib, a highly selective TRK inhibitor, demonstrated an objective response rate (ORR) of 75% across 206 evaluable patients with various non-primary CNS cancers (Hong et al, ASCO 2021). We report long-term data on larotrectinib-treated paediatric patients with TRK fusion-positive primary CNS tumours. METHODS: Patients aged &amp;lt;18 years with TRK fusion-positive primary CNS tumours enrolled in two clinical trials (NCT02637687, NCT02576431) were included. Larotrectinib was administered at 100 mg/m2 (maximum: 100 mg) twice-daily. Response was investigator-assessed per RECIST v1.1 and RANO. RESULTS: As of July 2021, 28 patients with TRK fusion-positive primary CNS tumours were enrolled, including 14 high-grade and eight low-grade gliomas. Median age at enrolment was 7.0 years (range 1.0–17.0). Twenty-three patients (82%) received prior systemic therapy and 12 (43%) received prior radiotherapy. The ORR was 39% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22–59): three complete responses, eight partial responses, 15 stable disease and two progressive disease. The 24-week disease control rate was 82% (95% CI 63–94). Median duration of response (DoR) was not reached; median follow-up was 25.6 months. Median progression-free survival was 21.9 months (95% CI 9.2–not estimable). Median overall survival (OS) was not reached; median follow-up was 27.6 months. DoR and OS 24-month rates were 53% and 71%, respectively. Treatment duration ranged from 1.0 to 39.0+ months. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were mostly Grade 1–2. Grade 3–4 events occurred in three patients (increased gamma-glutamyltransferase, hyperglycaemia, hypernatraemia, hyponatraemia and neutropaenia). No patients discontinued treatment due to TRAEs. Fourteen patients progressed on treatment; four continued treatment post-progression for ≥4 weeks. CONCLUSION: Larotrectinib demonstrated high disease control rate, durable responses and a manageable safety profile. These results support testing for NTRK gene fusions in paediatric patients with primary CNS tumours.
New Active Capacitor Voltage Balancing Method for Seven-Level Full-Bridge Flying-Capacitor-Multicell (FCM) Inverters (2019)

This paper introduces a new method for active control of the flying-capacitor (FC) voltages in seven-level full-bridge FC multicell (FCM) inverters. In the proposed control technique, the output current and voltage of the FCs within the FCM inverter are measured and interpreted into logic forms. As inputs, these logic variables are fed into a set of equations, named as the logic-equations, in order to regulate the voltage of FCs at the demanded reference values as wells as to generate required voltage-level at inverter output commanded by PWM modulator. The outstanding advantage of the proposed active control method is that, it does require neither the complex optimization computations nor the conventional PI controllers. The simulated and experimentally measured results from the prototype of a six-cell seven-level full-bridge FCM inverter are provided to verify the derived logic-equations-based method to actively control the FC voltages.
Smart nanomicelles with bacterial infection-responsive disassembly for selective antimicrobial applications (2021)

Electrostatic nanomicelles remain stable and biocompatible under physiological conditions, but readily burst and spill out cationic antimicrobial peptide to kill bacteria at infection sites.
Aβ oligomers induce sex-selective differences in mGluR5 pharmacology and pathophysiological signaling in Alzheimer mice (2019)

ABSTRACT Sex is a key modifier of the prevalence and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). β- Amyloid (Aβ) deposition is a pathological hallmark of AD and aberrant activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) by Aβ has been linked to AD progression. We find that mGluR5 exhibits distinct sex-dependent pharmacological profiles. Specifically, endogenous mGluR5 from male mouse cortex and hippocampus binds with high-affinity to Aβ oligomers whereas, female mGluR5 exhibits no affinity to Aβ oligomers. The binding affinity of mGluR5 to Aβ oligomer is dependent on its interaction with cellular prion protein (PrP C ) as mGluR5 co-immunoprecipitates with PrP C from male, but not female, mouse brain. Aβ oligomers also bind with high-affinity to human mGluR5 in male, but not female, cortex. The mGluR5/Aβ oligomer/PrP C ternary complex is essential to elicit mGluR5-dependent pathological signaling and as a consequence mGluR5-regulated GSK3β/ZBTB16 autophagic signaling is dysregulated in male, but not female, primary neuronal cultures. These sex-specific differences in mGluR5 signaling translate into in vivo differences in mGluR5-dependent pathological signaling between male and female AD mice. We show that the chronic inhibition of mGluR5 using a mGluR5-selective negative allosteric modulator reactivates GSK3β/ZBTB16-regulated autophagy, mitigates Aβ pathology and reverses cognitive decline in male, but not female, APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice. Thus, it is evident that, unlike male brain, mGluR5 does not contribute to Aβ pathology in female AD mice. This study highlights the complexity of mGluR5 pharmacology and Aβ oligomer-activated pathological signaling and emphasizes the need for clinical trials redesign and analysis of sex-tailored treatment for AD.
Role of blocking antibody in disseminated gonococcal infection. (1978)

Gonococci (GC) isolated from patients with disseminated infection (DGI) are uniformly resistant to killing by normal human serum (NHS), but are killed in large numbers by normal rabbit serum (NRS). Since resistance to human serum is necessary for DGI, we examined the mechanism of resistance by GC to NHS. Our bactericidal assay exposes 10-fold dilutions of 10 8 plate-grown GC/ml to undiluted serum and measures the number of GC the serum can kill. Killing is expressed as the reduction in GC compared with paired, heat-decomplemented controls. NRS sterilized >10 5 GC/ml of six DGI strains. When NRS was mixed (1:1) with nonbactericidal NHS, killing was reduced to 3 GC/ml. This potent inhibitor of rabbit serum could be adsorbed to preincubated and washed GC. The heat (65°C) lability of the inhibitor suggested blocking antibody. Human cord serum containing maternal IgG, but no IgM or IgA, blocked rabbit serum as effectively as normal adult or matched maternal serum. IgG fractions added to rabbit serum reduced killing of DGI strains, but IgM and IgA did not. Absorption of NHS with resistant strains increased killing of the same and other resistant strains and removed the ability to block killing by rabbit serum. Absorption with sensitive strains decreased killing. Thus, resistant strains adsorb blocking antibody and sensitive strains adsorb killing antibody. We conclude that NHS contains an IgG blocking antibody that competes with natural bactericidal antibody in man and rabbits. We believe that natural IgG binds to certain gonococci possessing the appropriate receptor and enables them to disseminate in the blood by protecting them from killing by antibody and complement.
Effect of Refrigerant Gases (HFC134a and R600a) on the Tribological Behaviour of a Multifunctional DLC Coating (2016)

Multifunctional DLC coatings have been extensively studied and recognized as a promising solution to avoid wear and friction problems. However, the effect of the environment on the tribological behaviour, in particular in the refrigeration industry, is little studied yet. The present work aims to study the influence of refrigerant gases (HFC134a and R600a) on the tribological behaviour of multifunctional CrN-Si rich DLC coatings, in particular on the tribo-chemical reactions. Tribological behaviour was evaluated using constant and incremental load reciprocating sliding tests. The constant load tests were conducted to access the friction coefficient and wear rates of specimen and counter-bodies whereas the incremental load tests (increments of 2 N at 15 min. intervals) allowed the assessment of the scuffing resistance of the coatings. The scuffing resistance was defined as the work (N.m) at which the value of the friction coefficient first rose above 0.20 (lubricity effect). The characterization of wear scars (tribolayers) was performed by optical interferometry, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry associated with scanning electron microscopy, and micro Raman spectroscopy. It was verified a strong influence of the atmosphere via the formation of a tribolayer at the interface between body and counter body. This influence resulted in some disturbance of friction coefficient and contact resistance values. Tests performed in R600a atmosphere presented lower (36%) friction coefficient and lower (40%) scuffing resistance (surface durability) than those performed in HFC134a refrigerant gas. The observed differences were justified in terms of the tribo-chemical reaction between the multifunctional coating, the counter body and the refrigerant gases. Both results presented traces of Oxygen, but in the tests with HFC134a gas it was observed the presence of Fluorinated compounds in the tribo-layer. In the tests performed with R600a gas atmosphere it was found only Carbon and Silicon, indicating different interactions of the environment. It is worth noting that these results can serve as a guide to the application: the low friction induced by the presence of R600a recommend it for applications where sustainability and energy saving are required while the use of HFC134a is recommended for applications requiring increased reliability (longer life).
Epstein--Barr virus types 1 and 2 have nearly identical LMP-1 transforming genes (1994)

Although variation in the gene encoding the Epstein- Barr virus (EBV) nuclear protein 2 accounts for much of the difference in the transforming activities of the two EBV strain types, divergence in the principal lymphocyte growth-altering gene, LMP-1, has not been previously evaluated. We have now determined the nucleotide sequence of the LMP-1 gene of a type 2 isolate of EBV, AG876. Surprisingly, the AG876 LMP-1 protein is 93 % identical to the prototype type 1 EBV strain B95–8, and this is well within the range of variability previously noted among type 1 EBV LMP-1 genes.
Programmation par aspects (2016)

La programmation par aspects (en anglais «&nbsp;aspect-oriented programming&nbsp;») est un style de développement logiciel qui est apparu dans la seconde moitié des années 1990. Elle complète les styles existants, objet, procédural et fonctionnel, avec un support pour la programmation de fonctionnalités dites transverses. Elle permet d'améliorer la modularité des programmes informatiques. Cet article présente la genèse de la programmation par aspects, les concepts qui la composent et la façon dont ils sont mis en œuvre dans deux approches majeures du domaine : le langage de programmation AspectJ et le cadriciel Spring AOP.
Carbon effects on the microstructure and tensile properties of 2 1/4 Cr--1 Mo steel weldments (1975)

Protamine is an effective inhibitor of the various activated forms of adenylate cyclase of liver plasma membranes. Inhibition of adenylate cyclase may account for its toxic but not its antitumor effects.
Improvement of the tolerated raw bit error rate in NAND flash-based SSDs with the help of embedded statistics (2017)

Solid-state drives (SSDs) based on NAND flash memories provide an attractive storage solution as they are faster and less power hungry than traditional hard-disc drives (HDDs). Aggressive storage density improvements in flash memories enabled reductions of the cost per gigabit but also caused reliability degradations. A recent large-scale study revealed that the uncorrectable bit error rates (UBER) in data center SSDs may fall far below the JEDEC standard recommendations. Here, a technique is proposed to improve the tolerated raw bit error rate (RBER) based on the observation that (a) a small SSD ratio may have a much higher RBER than the rest and (b) the RBER is dominated by the retention error rate. Instead of employing stronger but costly error-correcting codes a statistical approach is used to estimate the remaining retention time, i.e., the reliable data storage time, of flash memory pages. This estimation can be performed each time a memory page is read based on the number of detected retention errors and the elapsed time since data was programmed. The fact that the estimated remaining retention time is smaller than a maximum time interval before the next read operation is an indication that data needs to be refreshed. It is estimated that the tolerated RBER can be increased by more than a decade over a storage period of 3 years if the stored data are verified on a monthly basis and refreshed only if necessary. The proposed technique has the ability to adapt the average time between refresh operations to the actual RBER. This enables performance overhead reductions with factors between 8x and 12x as compared to systematic refresh schemes.
Can Implicit Bias Explain Generalization? Stochastic Convex Optimization as a Case Study (2020)

The notion of implicit bias, or implicit regularization, has been suggested as a means to explain the surprising generalization ability of modern-days overparameterized learning algorithms. This notion refers to the tendency of the optimization algorithm towards a certain structured solution that often generalizes well. Recently, several papers have studied implicit regularization and were able to identify this phenomenon in various scenarios. We revisit this paradigm in arguably the simplest non-trivial setup, and study the implicit bias of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) in the context of Stochastic Convex Optimization. As a first step, we provide a simple construction that rules out the existence of a \emph{distribution-independent} implicit regularizer that governs the generalization ability of SGD. We then demonstrate a learning problem that rules out a very general class of \emph{distribution-dependent} implicit regularizers from explaining generalization, which includes strongly convex regularizers as well as non-degenerate norm-based regularizations. Certain aspects of our constructions point out to significant difficulties in providing a comprehensive explanation of an algorithm's generalization performance by solely arguing about its implicit regularization properties.
Data analysis from a multi-centre, comparative study of angiographic examinations leading to practical guidelines for the optimisation of patient doses (2005)

In this study, patient doses were analysed against exposure parameters and procedure protocol. Patient doses were measured in seven hospitals for a standard diagnostic vascular examination. Image quality was assessed using the contrast-detail phantom from Nijmegen (CD-DISC 2.0). A link between dose and image quality was investigated. Image quality strongly depends on the preset dose level. The higher the dose level, the better the image quality, but also the higher the patient dose. However, no clear correlation was found between total dose-area product (DAP) or effective dose and image quality. A large range in patient dose was found: DAP (22-130 Gy cm2) and effective dose (3.9-16.8 mSv). A difference in number of frames was also found in the different centres, owing to different frame rates (3-2-1 frames per second) and use of oblique projections. Differences in doses and exposure settings offer the possibility of optimising patient doses in angiography and interventional radiology.
Novel Ergonomic Postural Assessment Method (NERPA) Using Product-Process Computer Aided Engineering for Ergonomic Workplace Design (2013)

The method developed was used in the design of six production lines, studying 240 manual assembly operations and improving 21 of them. This study demonstrated the proposed method's usefulness and found statistically significant differences in the evaluations of the proposed method and the widely used Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method.
Clinical findings in a patient with FARS2 mutations and early‐infantile‐encephalopathy with epilepsy (2016)

The FARS2 gene encodes the mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase and is implicated in autosomal recessive combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 14, a clinical condition characterized by infantile onset epilepsy and encephalopathy. Mutations in FARS2 have been reported in only few patients, but a detailed description of seizures, electroencephalographic patterns, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and long-term follow-up is still needed. We provide a clinical report of a child with FARS2-related disease manifesting drug-resistant infantile spasms associated with focal seizures. By comparative genomic hybridization analysis we identified a heterozygous microdeletion in the short arm of chromosome 6, inherited from the mother, that encompasses the first coding exon of FARS2. By sequencing of the FARS2 gene we identified a variant c.1156C>G; p.(R386G), inherited from the father. By using standard spectrophotometric techniques in skin fibroblasts, we found a combined abnormality of complexes I and IV of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The main clinical features of the patient included axial hypotonia, mild distal hypertonia, and psychomotor delay. The magnetic resonance imaging showed microcephaly, frontal cerebral atrophy, and signal changes of dentate nuclei. At the age of 3 years and 6 months, the patient was still under treatment with vigabatrin and he has been seizure free for the last 23 months. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.