gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simulation and experimental determination of the online separation of blood components with the help of microfluidic cascading spirals (2015)

Microfluidic spirals were used to successfully separate rare solid components from unpretreated human whole blood samples. The measured separation ratio of the spirals is the factor by which the concentration of the rare component is increased due to the Dean effect present in a flow profile in a curved duct. Different rates of dilution of the blood samples with a phosphate-buffered solution were investigated. The diameters of the spherical particles to separate ranged from 2 μm to 18 μm. It was found that diluting the blood to 20% is optimal leading to a separation ratio up to 1.97. Using two spirals continuously placed in a row led to an increase in separation efficacy in samples consisting of phosphate-buffered solution only from 1.86 to 3.79. Numerical investigations were carried out to display the flow profiles of Newtonian water samples and the shear-thinning blood samples in the cross-section of the experimentally handled channels. A macroscopic difference in velocity between the two rheologically different fluids could not be found. The macroscopic Dean flow is equally present and useful to help particles migrate to certain equilibrium positions in blood as well as lower viscous Newtonian fluids. The investigations highlight the potential for using highly concentrated, very heterogeneous, and non-Newtonian fluidic systems in known microsystems for screening applications.
400W Yb:YAG Innoslab fs-Amplifier (2009)

The Innoslab design, already established for neodymium doped laser crystals, was applied to ytterbium doped laser materials. Recent progresses in brightness of high power diode lasers facilitate efficient pumping of quasi-three-level laser materials. Innoslab amplifiers are compared to competing thin-disk and fiber fs-amplifiers. A compact diode-pumped Yb:YAG Innoslab fs-oscillator-amplifier system, scalable to the kilowatt range, was realized. Numerical simulations result in conditions for high efficiency and beam quality. Nearly transform and diffraction limited 680 fs pulses at 400 W average output power and 76 MHz repetition rate without using CPA technology have been achieved at room temperature so far.
Current Thinking about the Future of Business Education (1964)

Abstract “This analysis, at best, gives some insight into some of the thinking undertaken by some business teachers about the future of some aspects of business education.”
Vibrational CD studies of interchain hydrogen‐bonded tripodal peptides (1992)

The solution conformations of three trispeptides--L,L,L-1,3,5-C6H3[CH2NHCOCH(X)-NHBoc++ +]3, X = CH3 (Ala) or CH2CH(CH3)2 (Leu), and L,L,L-N(CH2CH2NHCOCH[CH2-CH(CH3)2]NHBoc)3--have been determined from their ir and vibrational CD (VCD) spectra in the NH stretching and carbonyl stretching regions in apolar solution. The compounds containing L-Leu are shown to occur primarily in a propeller conformation with C3 symmetry that is stabilized by interchain hydrogen bonds. Through application of the coupled oscillator model of VCD, a right-handed sense for the hydrogen-bonded chains in the propeller is deduced, in agreement with previous empirical force field calculations. The spectra also provide evidence for interchain association between two chains, resulting in a C10-ring. For chains not involved in interchain association, the spectra reveal the presence of C7-rings within a chain. The trispeptide containing L-Ala is found to occur primarily in a random form.
Time independent query recommendations from search engine query logs (2012)

Search Engine retrieves significant and essential information from the web based on the query term given by the user. The query log file contains log entry for every request given by the user to the search engine and it is maintained in the system desktop or in the proxy server. The process of mining the query log file improves the performance of the search engine. The proposed algorithm mines the query log file to discover the similarity between the query keywords and URLs in its first phase. In the second phase, the query cluster and the URL cluster is created by using the combined similarity measure generated from the first phase. The clusters recommend query to the user to frame their future queries based on their previous search histories and click through data. This combined similarity based approach also recommends the user about the URL selection for the future queries. (6 pages)
Relationship between Gene Body DNA Methylation and Intragenic H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 Chromatin Marks (2011)

To elucidate the relationship between intragenic DNA methylation and chromatin marks, we performed epigenetic profiling of chromosome 19 in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) and in the colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 as well as its counterpart with double knockout of DNMT1 and DNMT3B (HCT116-DKO). Analysis of H3K36me3 profiles indicated that this intragenic mark of active genes is associated with two categories of genes: (i) genes with low CpG density and H3K9me3 in the gene body or (ii) genes with high CpG density and DNA methylation in the gene body. We observed that a combination of low CpG density in gene bodies together with H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 occupancy is a specific epigenetic feature of zinc finger (ZNF) genes, which comprise 90% of all genes carrying both histone marks on chromosome 19. For genes with high intragenic CpG density, transcription and H3K36me3 occupancy were not changed in conditions of partial or intensive loss of DNA methylation in gene bodies. siRNA knockdown of SETD2, the major histone methyltransferase responsible for production of H3K36me3, did not reduce DNA methylation in gene bodies. Our study suggests that the H3K36me3 and DNA methylation marks in gene bodies are established largely independently of each other and points to similar functional roles of intragenic DNA methylation and intragenic H3K9me3 for CpG-rich and CpG-poor genes, respectively.
Investigation of magnetic properties and microwave characteristics of obliquely sputtered NiFe/MnIr bilayers (2013)

A comprehensive investigation of the magnetic properties and high frequency characteristics of NiFe/MnIr bilayers with regards to oblique deposition angle was conducted in conjunction with an analysis based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation. It was found that exchange bias can be significantly enhanced with the variation of oblique deposition angle, which is interpreted in terms of the formation of inclined columnar structure of the films often observed in samples fabricated by this oblique deposition technique. Moreover, the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy field and the resonance frequency are increased with the increasing of oblique deposition angle. The variations of effective Gilbert damping factor and the frequency linewidth with oblique deposition angle are also presented and discussed in details.
Functional similarities between the small heat shock proteins Mycobacterium tuberculosis HSP 16.3 and human αB‐crystallin (2002)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein 16.3 (MTB HSP 16.3) accumulates as the dominant protein in the latent stationary phase of tuberculosis infection. MTB HSP 16.3 displays several characteristics of small heat shock proteins (sHsps): its expression is increased in response to stress, it protects against protein aggregation in vitro, and it contains the core 'alpha-crystallin' domain found in all sHsps. In this study we characterized the chaperone activity of recombinant MTB HSP 16.3 in several different assays and compared the results to those obtained with recombinant human alphaB-crystallin, a well characterized member of the sHsp family. Recombinant MTB HSP 16.3 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to apparent homogeneity. Similar to alphaB-crystallin, MTB HSP16.3 suppressed citrate synthase aggregation and in the presence of 3.5 mm ATP the chaperone activity was enhanced by twofold. ATP stabilized MTB HSP 16.3 against proteolysis by chymotrypsin, and no effect was observed with ATPgammaS, a nonhydrolyzable analog of ATP. Increased expression of MTB HSP 16.3 resulted in protection against thermal killing in E. coli at 48 degrees C. While the sequence similarity between human alphaB-crystallin and MTB HSP 16.3 is only 18%, these results suggest that the functional similarities between these proteins containing the core 'alpha-crystallin' domain are much closer.
Tuberculosis among Dislocated North Koreans Entering Republic of Korea since 1999 (2007)

The collapse of North Korea's public health system has increased the development of tuberculosis (TB) in its populace. This study investigated the prevalence of active and latent TB infection (LTBI) in such people who have settled in the Republic of Korea since 1999. From 1999 to August 2006, 7,722 dislocated North Koreans entered the Republic of Korea and all were screened immediately for active TB. Demographic and clinical characteristics were reviewed from the official records of the Settlement Support Office for Dislocated North Koreans, based in the Ministry of Unification. Of 7,722 participants, 87 (1.13%) were diagnosed with active TB from 1999 to August 2006. Of these, 78 (90%) had pulmonary TB. Checking for the presence of a Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) scar and tuberculin skin test has been performed in all dislocated North Koreans since November 2005. Of 1,112 participants, BCG vaccination scars were found in 67.4%. The tuberculin-positive rate using two tuberculin unit doses of the purified protein derivative RT23 (> or =10mm in diameter) was 81.5%. The prevalence of active TB and LTBI in dislocated North Koreans was high. Because this group bears a disproportionate burden of TB, we need to initiate a specific control programme and to plan for the impact of this disease in the Republic of Korea.
Spinal Somatostatin Studies in Animals (1990)

Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 (Yaksh) Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Geneva 1211, Switzerland (Gauman)
Porous Membranes of Montmorillonite/Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluorethylene) for Li‐Ion Battery Separators (2012)

Abstract Porous membranes of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) with different contents of montmorillonite (MMT) particles were prepared. The filler content does not affect the porous morphology but leads to an increase in the average pore size, porosity and electrolyte uptake up to 16 μm, 85 % and 325 %, respectively, for a membrane with 16 wt% of MMT particles. The mechanical properties, ionic conductivity and its temperature stability are improved by the presence of clays. The electrochemical stability reveals a stable operation window up to 5 V. The overall characteristics of the membranes for battery separators are optimized for the 4 wt% MMT filler content.
Single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals dual sensing of HIV-1 in blood Axl+ dendritic cells (2023)

Sensing of incoming viruses is a pivotal task of dendritic cells (DCs). Human primary blood DCs encompass various subsets that are diverse in their susceptibility and response to HIV-1. The recent identification of the blood Axl<sup>+</sup>DC subset, endowed with unique capacities to bind, replicate, and transmit HIV-1 prompted us to evaluate its anti-viral response. We demonstrate that HIV-1 induced two main broad and intense transcriptional programs in different Axl<sup>+</sup>DCs potentially induced by different sensors; an NF-κB-mediated program that led to DC maturation and efficient CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell activation, and a program mediated by STAT1/2 that activated type I IFN and ISG responses. These responses were absent from cDC2 exposed to HIV-1 except when viral replication was allowed. Finally, Axl<sup>+</sup>DCs actively replicating HIV-1 identified by quantification of viral transcripts exhibited a mixed NF-κB/ISG innate response. Our results suggest that the route of HIV-1 entry may dictate different innate sensing pathways by DCs.
Removing a Restriction on the use of MPLS Explicit NULL (2005)

The label stack encoding for Multi-protocol Label Switching (MPLS)
defines a reserved label value known as IPv4 Explicit NULL and a
reserved label value known as IPv6 Explicit NULL. Previously, these
labels were only legal when they occurred at the bottom of the MPLS
label stack. This restriction is now removed, so that these label
values may legally occur anywhere in the stack. This document updates
RFC 3032. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Comparing the Performance of Convolutional Neural Networks Trained to Localize Underwater Sound Sources (2022)

Localizing underwater sound sources in the highly-variable ocean environment is challenging. The performance of conventional methods for localizing sound sources, such as matched-field processing, depends on accurate approximations of the environment while localization methods using neural networks typically generalize better, even when information about the environment is sparse. This paper directly compares the performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) trained to localize sound sources in simulation from real-valued (magnitude only) versus complex-valued pressure data. We also compared the performance of these two types of networks on data measured from single or multiple receivers in different spatial arrangements in the simulated water column. We also measured the CNNs’ performance loss as the number of sound speed profiles (SSPs) used to generate the simulated field replicas was increased. We found that when trained on data from only one SSP, the complexvalued network predicted the range and depth of the source more accurately than the magnitude-only network. However, as the number of receivers increased, this accuracy margin between the two network types decreased. All CNNs lost accuracy as we increased the number of SSPs, as predicted, but the magnitude-only CNNs still maintained relatively high accuracy for depth predictions even after training on data from a1115 different SSPs, exceeding the accuracy of the complex-valued networks. For range inferences, the complex-valued networks performed better than the real-valued networks, but when trained on more SSPs, the performance of the complex-valued networks decreased.
Bond Strength and Contact Electrical Resistivity Between Cement and Stainless Steel Fiber: Their Correlation and Dependence on Fiber Surface Treatment and Curing Age (1997)

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Thrombolytic Therapy and Its Uses (1995)

The effect of anticoagulant drugs is primarily prophylactic because they impede further growth of an existing thrombus, preventing rethrombosis, and preventing thromboembolism. Thrombolytic drugs, however, induce the dissolution of intravascular fibrin thrombi and the digestion of fibrinogen and other proteins. Their use results in a more immediate recanalization of occluded vessels and the prompt improvement of circulatory flow. This article reviews the use of the two original thrombolytic drugs, urokinase and streptokinase, and three newer agents. Included are discussions of the indications, contraindications, complications, and recommended laboratory-monitoring procedures of these drugs. This is the final article in a four-part continuing education series on hematology. Other articles focused on the antiphospholipid thrombosis syndromes, heparin therapy, and oral anticoagulants. The exam follows this article.
Triterpenoids. Part XIV. Studies on the Constitution of Barringtogenol C-a New Triterpenoid Sapogenin from Barringtonia Acutangula Gaertn (1963)

A new triterpenoid sapogenin, C<sub>30</sub>H<sub>50</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, named barringtogenol C, has been isolated from the fruits of <em>Barriegtonia acutangula </em>Gaertn. Selenium dioxide oxidation of its penta-acetate furnishes a diene, showing triple ultraviolet absorption maxima, characteristic, of Δ <sup>11-12'13</sup>-<sup>18</sup>-dienes of the <em>β</em><sup>-</sup>amyrin series. The pre­sence of an α-glycol and one 1,3-diol system has been shown. Possible constitution of the sapogenin has been discussed.
High−efficiency graded band−gap AlxGa1−xAs−GaAs solar cell (1975)

A detailed theoretical analysis of an n−on−p graded band−gap AlxGa1−xAs−GaAs solar cell yields a maximum air mass zero power conversion efficiency of 17% compared to 9% for a similar GaAs cell. The analaysis includes surface and bulk minority carrier recombination, junction recombination current, spectrally varying surface reflection, and series resistance loss. The maximum efficiency is determined for a surface recombination velocity of 1×105 cm/sec and hole and electron diffusion lengths of 2.1 and 7.6 μm, respectively. The improved efficiency is primarily due to a built−in electric field, caused by the band−gap gradation, accelerating photogenerated holes toward the p−n junction. This field reduces the surface and bulk recombination of the holes, and thereby enhances their collection.
Characterization of PHS coating layer using GDOES technique (2017)

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o perfil de composio qumica do revestimento Al-Si em aos PHS, por meio da tcnica de GDOES. Devido s elevadas temperatura no processo de estampagem a quente ocorre difuso dos elementos do revestimento e do substrato. Os resultados revelaram que na amostra como recebida, o revestimento apresenta grandes porcentagens de alumnio, silcio e oxignio, que se difundem e diminuem de concentrao em direo ao substrato, enquanto que a porcentagem de ferro aumenta. Os resultados das amostras tratadas termicamente em laboratrio e do produto final so muito similares, o que indica que o tratamento trmico realizado em laboratrio simula corretamente o processo trmico da estampagem industrial. O revestimento formado por alumnio e ferro, que variam uniformemente at atingir o substrato onde a porcentagem de alumnio diminui em relao de ferro. A camada revestida tambm composta por oxignio e silcio que se difundem em direo ao substrato, onde a porcentagem de oxignio diminui gradativamente e a de silcio no se altera. Os resultados de GDOES mostraram as alteraes que ocorrem na camada revestida do ao PHS, e evidenciaram que aps o processo de estampagem a quente podem ser formados
Increased Substrate Stiffness Elicits a Myofibroblastic Phenotype in Human Lamina Cribrosa Cells (2018)

These findings demonstrated that a stiffer cell microenvironment activates a myofibroblastic transformation in human LC cells, and therefore contributes to LC remodelling and fibrosis in glaucoma.
Nonlinear scalar model of a suspension bridge: existence of multiple periodic solutions (2003)

We consider a scalar nonlinear symmetric model of a suspension bridge. We study periodic solutions and prove existence and multiplicity results. The main tool is the bifurcation theory combined with the properties of the Fucík spectrum.
Targeting Persistent Biofilm Infections: Reconsidering the Topography of the Infection Site during Model Selection (2022)

The physiology of an organism in the environment reflects its interactions with the diverse physical, chemical, and biological properties of the surface. These principles come into consideration during model selection to study biofilm-host interactions. Biofilms are communities formed by beneficial and pathogenic bacteria, where cells are held together by a structured extracellular matrix. When biofilms are associated with a host, chemical gradients and their origins become highly relevant. Conventional biofilm laboratory models such as multiwall biofilm models and agar plate models poorly mimic these gradients. In contrast, ex vivo models possess the partial capacity to mimic the conditions of tissue-associated biofilm and a biofilm associated with a mineralized surface enriched in inorganic components, such as the human dentin. This review will highlight the progress achieved using these settings for two models of persistent infections: the infection of the lung tissue by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and the infection of the root canal by <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>. For both models, we conclude that the limitations of the conventional in vitro systems necessitate a complimentary experimentation with clinically relevant ex vivo models during therapeutics development.
Approximating the SNR value in detection problems (2003)

The inverse problem of finding the required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) given a set of probability parameters and number of samples is a nontrivial problem. Several past attempts have proposed simple approximations for the SNR, but the achieved accuracy varied across the parameter space and was at times poor. The approximation equations proposed here are considerably more accurate over a larger parameter space.
The Illegalities of Brownness (2015)

In light of the current immigration debate, and in particular the state-sponsored carceral arguments most recently sparked by the arrival of Central American refugee children on the US-Mexico border, this article takes cues from the late José Esteban Muñoz’s call to sense the feelings of brown subjects. It examines cultural forms produced under the cloak of migrant rights movements to trace the ethical imperative of Brownness enacted by migrant sounds and visualities of loss. The article focuses on the cultural politics of digital art, music, and social media that theorize belonging and citizenship outside of the state and its terrorizing governance: the 2012 Dreamers Adrift’s video The Legalities of Being, by Yosimar Reyes and Julio Salgado; the 2007 migrant rights anthem “Pal Norte,” by Calle 13, the Orishas, and Don Cheto; and the massive responses on social media to a 2010 PostSecret card created by an “illegal” person. These cultural forms of migrant suffering render visible the centrality of affect and racial performativity to the undocumented student and migrant rights movements. The author argues that the brown feelings of migrant persons do not just refute the claims of democracy; the affective labor of their “illegal” cultural forms has the potential to radically alter sociality amid an anti-Brown world by endowing migrants and other deportable subjects with ontological leverage as a practice of everyday life under terror.
Experimental evaluation of premixing: prevaporizing fuel injection concepts for a gas turbine catalytic combustor (1977)

Experiments were performed to evolve and evaluate a premixing-prevaporizing fuel system to be used with a catalytic combustor for possible application in an automotive gas turbine. Spatial fuel distribution and degree of vaporization were measured using Jet A fuel. Three types of air-blast injectors, an air-assist nozzle and a simplex pressure atomizer were tested. Air swirlers with vane angles up to 30/sup 0/ were used to improve the spatial fuel distribution. The work was done in a 12-cm (4.75-in.) diameter tubular rig. Test conditions were: a pressure of 0.3 and 0.5 MPa (3 and 5 atm), inlet air temperatures up to 800/sup 0/K (980/sup 0/F), velocity of 20 m/sec (66 ft/sec) and fuel-air ratios of 0.01 and 0.025. Uniform spatial fuel distributions that were within +-10% of the mean were obtained. Complete vaporization of the fuel was achieved with airblast configurations at inlet air temperatures of 550/sup 0/K (530/sup 0/F) and higher. The total pressure loss was less than 0.5% for configurations without air swirlers and less than 1% for configurations with a 30/sup 0/ vane angle air swirler.
Free Radicals and Antioxidants in Muscular and Neurological Diseases and Disorders (1993)

Muscle is a very dynamic specialized tissue which serves several functions in humans and animals. Beside providing the main apparatus for body movement (skeletal muscles) it is also the main source of energy reserves. It also provides passive and active protection to our body and it is essential in some vital processes of life such as breathing (diaphragm and intercoastal muscles), blood flow (cardiac muscle), and digestion (intestinal smooth muscles).