gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct Activation of Ribosome-Associated Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase (PKR) by Deoxynivalenol, Anisomycin and Ricin: A New Model for Ribotoxic Stress Response Induction (2014)

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-activated protein kinase (PKR) is a critical upstream mediator of the ribotoxic stress response (RSR) to the trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON) and other translational inhibitors. Here, we employed HeLa cell lysates to: (1) characterize PKR's interactions with the ribosome and ribosomal RNA (rRNA); (2) demonstrate cell-free activation of ribosomal-associated PKR and (3) integrate these findings in a unified model for RSR. Robust PKR-dependent RSR was initially confirmed in intact cells. PKR basally associated with 40S, 60S, 80S and polysome fractions at molar ratios of 7, 2, 23 and 3, respectively. Treatment of ATP-containing HeLa lysates with DON or the ribotoxins anisomycin and ricin concentration-dependently elicited phosphorylation of PKR and its substrate eIF2α. These phosphorylations could be blocked by PKR inhibitors. rRNA immunoprecipitation (RNA-IP) of HeLa lysates with PKR-specific antibody and sequencing revealed that in the presence of DON or not, the kinase associated with numerous discrete sites on both the 18S and 28S rRNA molecules, a number of which contained double-stranded hairpins. These findings are consistent with a sentinel model whereby multiple PKR molecules basally associate with the ribosome positioning them to respond to ribotoxin-induced alterations in rRNA structure by dimerizing, autoactivating and, ultimately, evoking RSR.
Biological Radical Sulfur Insertion Reactions (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiological Radical Sulfur Insertion ReactionsMarc Fontecave, Sandrine Ollagnier-de-Choudens, and Etienne MulliezView Author Information Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie des Centres Rédox Biologiques, DRDC-CB, CEA/CNRS/Université Joseph Fourier, UMR 5047, 17, Avenue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 09, France Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 6, 2149–2166Publication Date (Web):May 7, 2003Publication History Received22 July 2002Published online7 May 2003Published inissue 1 June 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr020427jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr020427jresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2795Altmetric-Citations168LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Monomers,Nutrition,Organic compounds,Peptides and proteins,Sulfur Get e-Alerts
Aerobic exercise training and gut microbiome-associated metabolic shifts in women with overweight: a multi-omic study (2023)

Physical activity is essential in weight management, improves overall health, and mitigates obesity-related risk markers. Besides inducing changes in systemic metabolism, habitual exercise may improve gut's microbial diversity and increase the abundance of beneficial taxa in a correlated fashion. Since there is a lack of integrative omics studies on exercise and overweight populations, we studied the metabolomes and gut microbiota associated with programmed exercise in obese individuals. We measured the serum and fecal metabolites of 17 adult women with overweight during a 6-week endurance exercise program. Further, we integrated the exercise-responsive metabolites with variations in the gut microbiome and cardiorespiratory parameters. We found clear correlation with several serum and fecal metabolites, and metabolic pathways, during the exercise period in comparison to the control period, indicating increased lipid oxidation and oxidative stress. Especially, exercise caused co-occurring increase in levels of serum lyso-phosphatidylcholine moieties and fecal glycerophosphocholine. This signature was associated with several microbial metagenome pathways and the abundance of Akkermansia. The study demonstrates that, in the absence of body composition changes, aerobic exercise can induce metabolic shifts that provide substrates for beneficial gut microbiota in overweight individuals.
Genome-wide analysis of haplotype interaction for the data from the North American Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium (2009)

Recent genome-wide association studies on several complex diseases have focused on individual single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis; however, not many studies have reported interactions among genes perhaps because the gene-gene and gene-environment interaction analysis could be infeasible due to heavy computing requirements. In this study we propose a new strategy for exploring the interactions among haplotypes. The proposed method consists of two steps. Step 1 tests the single-SNP association of whole genome with multiple testing corrections and finds the haplotype blocks of the significant SNPs. Step 2 performs interaction analysis of haplotypes within blocks. Our proposed method is applied to the rheumatoid arthritis data for Genetic Analysis Workshop 16.
Structural Characterization ofMycobacteriumtuberculosisLipoarabinomannans by the Combination of Capillary Electrophoresis and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (2001)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) associated with capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been used for structural characterization of mannooligosaccharide caps from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37rv mannosylated lipoarabinomannans (ManLAMs). The mannooligosaccharide caps were released by mild acid hydrolysis, labeled with 1-aminopyrene-3,6,8-trisulfonate (APTS) prior to being separated by CE, collected, and analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS and post-source decay experiments. This approach was optimized using standard APTS-labeled oligosaccharides. With the selected (9:1) mixture of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) and 5-methoxysalicylic acid (MSA) as matrix and the on-probe sample cleanup procedure with cation-exchange resin, standard APTS-maltotriose was successfully detected down to 50 fmol using linear-mode negative MALDI-TOF-MS. Moreover, using extraction delay time, only 100 and 500 fmol of this standard were required, respectively, to obtain accurate reflectron mass measurements and sequence determination through post-source decay experiments. Applied to only 5 microg (294 pmol) of M. tuberculosis ManLAMs, this analytical approach allowed successful mass characterization of the mannooligosaccharide cap structures from the deprotonated molecular ions [M - H]- and the y-type ion fragments obtained in post-source decay experiments. This powerful analytical approach opens new insights into both the characterization of oligosaccharides and the capping motifs displayed by ManLAMs purified from mycobacteria isolated from tubercular patients without in vitro culturing.
Feasibility studies of formation of carbon foam from high sulfur Meghalaya coal (2016)

Carbon foams have been produced from a high sulfur sub-bituminous Meghalaya (India) coal with good plasticity properties using a two-stage thermal process under different conditions of pressure and temperature. The first stage consists of a controlled carbonisation under pressure at 450°C, while the carbonisation product is baked at 1100°C in the second stage. The foams show macroporous texture. The mean pore size and the volume of pores have been determined. The increase in pressure reduces the pore size, while the pore volume increases with increasing temperature.
Doğa koşullarında Solanum nigrum üzerinde üretilen Bemisia tabaci’nin gelişmesi ve canlılık oranı (2016)

Climate change is an important driver of changes in the abundance and distribution of insect pests. Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are important plant pests and virus vectors in many agricultural systems worldwide. Among them, the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is considered the most devastating pest of various crops worldwide. As a part of a multinational effort to develop a climatic model that will predict B. tabaci population outbreaks, the developmental time and survival rate of B. tabaci were evaluated under field conditions in Adana, Turkey in autumn 2013 and early summer in 2014. The temperature and humidity were measured hourly during the experiments. Results indicated that temperature has significant effects on immature life stages development and mortality of B. tabaci, and an inverse relationship between development time and temperature was observed. The total preadult developmental time of B. tabaci declined with increasing temperature, and was 24.6 and 21.8 days at average field temperatures of 21.4C and 24.6C in autumn and early summer, respectively. Higher total preadult mortality rate occurred in early summer 2014 due to considerably higher larval mortality. These results will be used for the development of new tools for combating the pest as a part of an IPM program.
Accuracy of A Low-Power Ka-Band Non-Contact Heartbeat Detector Measured from Four Sides of A Human Body (2006)

A Ka-band heartbeat detector using double-sideband transmission to detect human heartbeat and respiration signals is demonstrated. The short wavelength at Ka-band increases the sensitivity to detect small body motion. The double sideband transmission simplifies the radio transceiver architecture. The detection accuracy was calculated and compared for measurements using two different transmitting power levels, four different body orientations, and at five different distances. It was found that this detector achieved better than 80% detection accuracy for all the above conditions. The measurement results show that the higher power level (350-muAV) can achieve better detection accuracy and longer detection distance than lower power (14.2-muW). The results also show that the detection accuracy measured from the back is the best, which is analyzed and explained using a nonlinear model
Inverse Learning for Human-Adaptive Motion Planning (2019)

This paper presents a method for inverse learning of a control objective defined in terms of requirements and their probability distribution. The probability distribution characterizes tolerated deviations from the deterministic requirements, is modeled as Gaussian, and learned from data using likelihood maximization. Further, this paper introduces both parametrized requirements for motion planning in autonomous driving applications and methods for their estimation from demonstrations. Human-in-the-loop simulations with four drivers suggest that human motion planning can be modeled with the considered probabilistic control objective and the inverse learning methods in this paper enable more natural and personalized automated driving.
MP25-20 EVALUATING THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF MAGNETIC INDUCTION ACTIVATION OF SHAPE MEMORY PENILE PROSTHESIS THROUGH ANIMAL TISSUE (2017)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Intraoperative urethral injury is an uncommon event during the placement of an inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) with an estimated incidence of up to 3%. The conventional teaching is to perform primary repair, place a transurethral catheter, and abort the procedure. Recently, alternative management strategies have been proposed with continuation of the implant following urethral injury. The objective of this study is to evaluate surgeon management of urethral injury during IPP and determine if fellowship training influences practice.
Auger emission from Xe above and below the 4d ionization threshold (1993)

The Auger electron yield from xenon has been measured in the vicinity of the 4d inner-shell ionization threshold. Just above this ionization threshold the Auger line profile is modified by the post-collision interaction effect involving a slow photoelectron. The process is followed through threshold into a region where the photoelectron is recaptured and either shaken up/down or remains in its Rydberg orbital during the Auger decay. By measuring the electron yield as a function of both incident photon energy and electron kinetic energy a comprehensive study of these processes is made.
Recent Developments in Low-Power AI Accelerators: A Survey (2022)

As machine learning and AI continue to rapidly develop, and with the ever-closer end of Moore’s law, new avenues and novel ideas in architecture design are being created and utilized. One avenue is accelerating AI as close to the user as possible, i.e., at the edge, to reduce latency and increase performance. Therefore, researchers have developed low-power AI accelerators, designed specifically to accelerate machine learning and AI at edge devices. In this paper, we present an overview of low-power AI accelerators between 2019–2022. Low-power AI accelerators are defined in this paper based on their acceleration target and power consumption. In this survey, 79 low-power AI accelerators are presented and discussed. The reviewed accelerators are discussed based on five criteria: (i) power, performance, and power efficiency, (ii) acceleration targets, (iii) arithmetic precision, (iv) neuromorphic accelerators, and (v) industry vs. academic accelerators. CNNs and DNNs are the most popular accelerator targets, while Transformers and SNNs are on the rise.
Contact dermatitis from topical imidazole antifungals: 15 new cases (1989)

Contact allergy from topical imidazole antifungals is seldom reported. 15 such cases, over a 12-year period, are reported here. Results are discussed particularly with regard to imidazole cross-reactions and to sensitization to topicals combining miconazole and hydrocortisone.
Effect of Pulsed Electric Field‐Assisted Process in Combination with Porcine Lipase on Defatting of Seabass Skin (2019)

Defatting of seabass skins using pulsed electric field (PEF)-assisted process at different electric field strengths (16 and 24 kV/cm) and times (36, 72, and 108 ms) in combination with porcine pancreas lipase (PPL) at 25 U/g dry matter was investigated. PEF-treated skin at 24 kV/cm for 72 ms followed by PPL treatment removed 86.93% lipids. PEF-treated skin was further optimized for lipid reduction by response surface methodology. Central composite design was adopted to establish treatments based on two independent variables, involving PPL concentration (30 to 55 U/g dry matter) and hydrolysis time (60 to 180 min). Second-order polynomial model was used for predicting the response. The highest lipid removal (91.96 ± 1.70%) was attained when the optimal condition (42.36 PPL units/g dry skin matter for 139.78 min) was used. The experiment value was in accordance with the predicted value. PEF-PPL-treated skin had lower monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids than the solvent-extracted skin (P < 0.05). When PEF-PPL-treated skin was hydrolyzed using papain at 0.30 U/g dry matter, lower fishy odor/flavor of resulting hydrolyzed collagen (PEF-PPL-HC) was found than other samples (P < 0.05). Lower total volatile compounds were also obtained in PEF-PPL-HC sample. Thus, the use of PEF pretreatment along with PPL before papain hydrolysis effectively prevented the formation of fishy odor/flavor in hydrolyzed collagen from seabass skin. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Fishy odor/flavor caused by lipid oxidation of fish skin hydrolysates limits their applications in foods. Defatting process is the significant step for skin pretreatment. Although several methods could remove lipids from fish skins, either by lipase or solvent extraction, fishy odor/flavor is still detected in hydrolysate. Pulsed electric field-assisted process in combination with porcine lipase is another approach that can be used to enhance efficiency via electroporation, causing the loosened skin matrix and facilitating the migration of lipase into the skin. Consequently, the resulting hydrolysate might have the lowered fishy odor/flavor and could be used in foods, especially for fortification.
Remarkable γ-Effect of Tin:  Acid-Promoted Cyclopropanation Reactions of α-((Alkoxycarbonyl)oxy)stannanes with Alkenes (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTRemarkable γ-Effect of Tin: Acid-Promoted Cyclopropanation Reactions of α-((Alkoxycarbonyl)oxy)stannanes with AlkenesMasanobu Sugawara and Jun-ichi YoshidaView Author Information Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University, Yoshida, Kyoto 606-01 Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 49, 11986–11987Publication Date (Web):December 10, 1997Publication History Received3 September 1997Published online10 December 1997Published inissue 1 December 1997https://doi.org/10.1021/ja973092+Copyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views537Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (166 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Cyclization,Cyclopropanation,Hydrocarbons,Materials,Silicon Get e-Alerts
Phase Noise in Beamforming (2010)

In this article we examine the effect of phase noise on a multi-antenna beamforming system. The effect is quantified in terms of error vector magnitude (EVM). It is shown that using independent phase noise sources improves EVM performance in the main lobe. It is further shown that when forming beams using antenna amplitude attenuation (tapering) for groups of correlated noise sources, lowest EVM is obtained when correlated noise sources are assigned to tapered amplitudes in a way which minimizes the differences between the sums of the tapering coefficients of the groups. Bounds for the variance of the phase noise in the main lobe are provided. Further a method achieving secure communication by forming a secure beam by adding uncorrelated phase noise to the antenna elements is presented.
A high-performance charged-particle CMOS image sensor with per-column A/D conversion (2009)

A CMOS image sensor for charged-particle imaging, such as for transmission electron microscopy, with per-column 10-bit ADC's, has been designed, fabricated and tested. The 0.25 ¿m design's parallel data conversion allows up to 390 frames/s operation. The sensor's sensitivity and signal to noise ratio (>17.5, RMS) are sufficiently high that the imaging of individual energetic incident electrons (e.g., 200 keV) is practical. Electron microscope tests have shown that images created by accumulating, processing and superimposing low-flux images of individual incident electrons (¿electron-counting mode¿) yields superior contrast and resolution to equivalent continuous exposures. To demonstrate this, we measured the modulation transfer function of using electron counting mode which, for example, was found to be more than two times higher at 50 line pairs per mm versus the equivalent standard continuous integration.
Regulatory and Pathogenic Mechanisms in Human Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis (2008)

The thymus is frequently hyperplastic in young female myasthenia gravis (MG) patients presenting with anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies. This thymic pathology is characterized by the presence of ectopic germinal centers (GCs) containing B cells involved at least partially in the production of pathogenic anti-AChR antibodies. Our recent studies have furthered our understanding of the mechanisms leading to GC formation in the hyperplastic thymus. First, we showed that CXCL13 and CCL21, chemokines involved in GC formation, are overexpressed in MG thymus. Second, we demonstrated an increase in pro-inflammatory activity in the thymus from MG patients and its partial normalization by glucocorticoids, as evidenced by gene expression profile. Third, we found that pro-inflammatory cytokines are able to upregulate the expression of AChR subunits in thymic epithelial and myoid cells. Fourth, we showed that the function of T regulatory (Treg) cells, whose role is to downregulate the immune response, is severely impaired in the thymus of MG patients; such a defect could explain the chronic immune activation observed consistently in MG thymic hyperplasia. Altogether, these new data suggest that CXCL13 and CCL21, which are produced in excess in MG thymus, attract peripheral B cells and activated T cells, which are maintained chronically activated in the inflammatory thymic environment because of the defect in suppressive activity of Treg cells. Presence of AChR in the thymus and upregulation of its expression by the pro-inflammatory environment contribute to the triggering and maintenance of the anti-AChR autoimmune response.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Method for the Synthesis of 3β‐Hydroxy‐4α‐bromocarane and of cis‐3‐Carene Epoxide. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Stereotyped B‐cell responses are linked to IgG constant region polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis (2022)

Clonally related B cells infiltrate the brain, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients, but the mechanisms driving the B-cell response and shaping the immunoglobulin repertoires remain unclear. Here, we used single-cell full-length RNA-seq and BCR reconstruction to simultaneously assess the phenotypes, isotypes, constant region polymorphisms, and the paired heavy- and light-chain repertoires in intrathecal B cells. We detected extensive clonal connections between the memory B cell and antibody-secreting cell (ASC) compartments and observed clonally related cells of different isotypes including IgM/IgG1, IgG1/IgA1, IgG1/IgG2, and IgM/IgA1. There was a strong dominance of the G1m1 allotype constant region polymorphisms in ASCs, but not in memory B cells. Tightly linked to the G1m1 allotype, we found a preferential pairing of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable (IGHV)4 gene family with the κ variable (IGKV)1 gene family. The IGHV4-39 gene was most used and showed the highest frequency of pairing with IGKV1-5 and IGKV1(D)-33. These results link IgG constant region polymorphisms to stereotyped B-cell responses in MS and indicate that the intrathecal B-cell response in these patients could be directed against structurally similar epitopes.