gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Substrate specificity of a proteolytic enzyme isolated from a mutant of Pseudomonas fragi. (1980)

Previous studies have described the isolation of mutationally altered proteases in Pseudomonas fragi (Noreau, J., and Drapeau, G.R. (1979) J. Bacteriol, 140, 911-916. In the present study, it is shown that one of these proteases cleaves specifically the peptide bonds on the NH2-terminal side of either aspartic acid or cysteic acid residues in oxidized ribonuclease. With myoglobin as the substrate, a similar specificity was observed except that only four out of the six aspartyl bonds present were hydrolyzed.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Cross‐Coupling of Two Aryl Halides by Stannylation/Stille Reaction in Water under Microwave Irradiation. (2015)

Abstract The synthetic value of this protocol is demonstrated by preparation of the boscalide intermediate (XIV).
Role of Aspergillus niger acrA in Arsenic Resistance and Its Use as the Basis for an Arsenic Biosensor (2012)

Arsenic contamination of groundwater sources is a major issue worldwide, since exposure to high levels of arsenic has been linked to a variety of health problems. Effective methods of detection are thus greatly needed as preventive measures. In an effort to develop a fungal biosensor for arsenic, we first identified seven putative arsenic metabolism and transport genes in Aspergillus niger, a widely used industrial organism that is generally regarded as safe (GRAS). Among the genes tested for RNA expression in response to arsenate, acrA, encoding a putative plasma membrane arsenite efflux pump, displayed an over 200-fold increase in gene expression in response to arsenate. We characterized the function of this A. niger protein in arsenic efflux by gene knockout and confirmed that AcrA was located at the cell membrane using an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) fusion construct. Based on our observations, we developed a putative biosensor strain containing a construct of the native promoter of acrA fused with egfp. We analyzed the fluorescence of this biosensor strain in the presence of arsenic using confocal microscopy and spectrofluorimetry. The biosensor strain reliably detected both arsenite and arsenate in the range of 1.8 to 180 μg/liter, which encompasses the threshold concentrations for drinking water set by the World Health Organization (10 and 50 μg/liter).
Research on Risk Assessment of International Factoring Financing Business: Illustrated by the Example of Bank A Zhejiang Branch (2016)

This thesis studies on the international factoring financing business of Bank A Zhejiang Branch. It reviews the course of concentrated outbreak and responses of risks since 2012, and by taking the examples of two typical risk events, reveals the decision making process of risk control measures and the deficiencies existing in practice, which leads to the predicament of the business. Then it brings up the question of how to do a good job in the risk assessment of international factoring financing business. Based on the case content, this thesis, introduces the eight management elements in the COSO enterprise risk management framework as theoretical basis, analyzing the item identification and risk assessment on the international factoring business matters of Bank A. With the above overall analysis, this thesis proposes to improve risk assessment efficiency by using COSO enterprise management framework and asymmetric theory.
Effects of residual stress and interfacial frictional shear stress on interfacial debonding at notch-tip in two-dimensional unidirectional composite (1997)

A calculation method based on the shear lag approach was presented to get an approximate estimate of influences of residual stresses and frictional shear stress at the debonded interface on the interfacial debonding behavior at the notch-tip along fiber direction in two-dimensional unidirectional double-edge-notched composites. With this method, the energy release rate for initiation and growth of debonding as a function of composite stress were calculated for some examples. The calculation results showed in outline how much the tensile and compressive residual stresses in the matrix and fiber along fiber direction, respectively, act to hasten the initiation and growth of the debonding when the final cut element in the notch is matrix, while they act to retard them when the final cut element is fiber, and how much the frictional shear stress at the debonded interface reduces the growth rate of the debonding.
Understanding the global semantics of referential actions using logic rules (2002)

Referential actions are specialized triggers for automatically maintaining referential integrity in databases. While the local effects of referential actions can be grasped easily, it is far from obvious what the global semantics of a set of interacting referential actions should be. In particular, when using procedural execution models, ambiguities due to the execution ordering can occur. No global, declarative semantics of referential actions has yet been defined.We show that the well-known logic programming semantics provide a natural global semantics of referential actions that is based on their local characterization: To capture the global meaning of a set RA of referential actions, we first define their abstract (but non-constructive) intended semantics . Next, we formalize RA as a logic program P RA . The declarative, logic programming semantics of P RA then provide the constructive, global semantics of the referential actions. So, we do not define a semantics for referential actions, but we show that there exists a unique natural semantics if one is ready to accept (i) the intuitive local semantics of local referential actions, (ii) the formalization of those and of the local "effect-propagating" rules, and (iii) the well-founded or stable model semantics from logic programming as "reasonable" global semantics for local rules.We first focus on the subset of referential actions for deletions only. We prove the equivalence of the logic programming semantics and the abstract semantics via a game-theoretic characterization, which provides additional insight into the meaning of interacting referential actions. In this case a unique maximal admissible solution exists , computable by a ptime algorithm.Second, we investigate the general case---including modifications. We show that in this case there can be multiple maximal admissible subsets and that all maximal admissible subsets can be characterized as 3-valued stable models of P RA . We show that for a given set of user requests, in the presence of referential actions of the form ON UPDATE CASCADE, the admissibility check and the computation of the subsequent database state, and (for non-admissible updates) the derivation of debugging hints all are in ptime. Thus, full referential actions can be implemented efficiently.
First Draft Genome Sequence of a Polymyxa Genus Member, Polymyxa betae, the Protist Vector of Rhizomania (2019)

Polymyxa betae belongs to the <i>Plasmodiophorida</i> (Phytomyxea, Rhizaria). Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of a member of the Polymyxa genus, which includes two obligate root endoparasite species, vectors of important soilborne plant viruses. The genome assembly was represented by 1,001 contigs, with a cumulated length of 27,085,946 bp.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Characterization of the Myristoylated, N-Terminal Fragment of ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 in a Magnetically Oriented Membrane Array (1998)

The behavior of the N-terminal fragment of human ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) in a membranelike environment is described. This is accomplished using heteronuclear liquid crystal NMR techniques in a magnetically oriented membrane array on a selectively 13C- and 15N-labeled peptide. After full assignment of the labeled sites, residual dipolar couplings (13C-13C, 15N-1H and, 13C-15N) and chemical shift anisotropy effects (amide 13C and 15N) were measured. The experimental data were interpreted using order matrix calculations to yield orientational and dynamic information for four separate, rigid amide planes. The experimental data obtained proves that the amphipathic peptide interacts with the bilayer in a mode that is consistent with an alpha-helix having its axis parallel to the membrane surface. Possibilities of extending the employed techniques to larger and uniformly labeled systems are discussed.
Enhanced STAT5a activation rewires exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic stimulation to acquire a hybrid durable effector like state (2022)

Abstract Rewiring exhausted CD8 T cells (T EX ) towards more functional states is a major goal of cancer immunotherapy but has proven challenging due to the epigenetic stability of T EX . Indeed, T EX are epigenetically programmed by the transcription factor Tox. However, epigenetic changes continue to occur as T EX transition from progenitor (T EX prog ), to intermediate (T EX int ) and terminal (T EX term ) subsets, suggesting potential developmental flexibility in mature T EX subsets. By examining the transition of T EX prog into T EX int cells, we discovered a reciprocally antagonistic circuit between Stat5a and Tox in T EX cells. Stat5-activity controlled T EX int development, antagonized Tox, and instigated partial effector biology. Stat5 was also essential for T EX reinvigoration by PD-1 blockade. Indeed, temporal induction of Stat5-activity in T EX using an orthogonal IL-2/IL2Rβ-pair fostered T EX int cell accumulation and synergized with PD-L1 blockade. Constitutive Stat5a activity (STAT5CA) antagonized Tox-dependent T EX epigenetic programming to generate a durable hybrid effector/NK-like population with enhanced tumor control. Finally, enforcing Stat5-signals in established T EX prog partially rewired the T EX epigenetic landscape towards the effector/memory lineage. Together, these data highlight therapeutic opportunities of manipulating Stat5 to rewire T EX towards a durably protective hybrid program.
Pain Sensitivity and Pain Reactivity of Pericranial Muscles in Migraine and Tension-Type Headache (1992)

We investigated whether experimentally determined, suprathreshold pain sensitivity of pericranial musculature in patients with tension-type headache differs from that of migraine patients or from that of healthy subjects. Furthermore, we looked to see whether differences could be found in the effects of experimental pain induction on EMG activity of pericranial musculature and whether subgroups could be discovered with higher and lower pericranial pain sensitivity within the three diagnostic groups in terms of neurophysiological, psychological and clinical variables. In 20 patients with tension-type headache, 23 patients with migraine without aura, and 29 healthy individuals experimental pain was induced in the temporal muscle by mechanical pressure; pain sensitivity in the entire metrically subdivided suprathreshold pain sensitivity range was measured. Surface EMG activity of pericranial muscles was determined before, during and after experimental pain induction. In addition, headache characteristics as well as personality and mood states were determined and recorded in a standardized fashion. There were no significant differences in pain sensitivity of pericranial musculature between the three groups. Patients with tension-type headache showed significantly higher EMG scores during suprathreshold pain stimulation than did migraine patients. EMG scores of healthy subjects fell between these two groups. With respect to pericranial tenderness significant differences in clinical, neurophysiological and psychological variables were found only between subgroups within the group of patients with tension-type headache. The results indicate that significant differences in the examined groups are found not in pain perception but in the processing or reaction to experimental headache stimuli. In patients with tension-type headache subgroups evolve based on pericranial pain sensitivity with quantitatively and/or qualitatively impaired reactions; for this reason diagnostic grouping according to the IHS classification seems to be pathophysiologically relevant. The intraindividual phasic comparison of pain reactions appears to be more important than the absolute interindividual tonic comparison.
Antenna Diversity and User Interaction at 1800 MHz (2005)

The performance of diversity systems operating in close proximity to the human body has been investigated. The performance of a diversity system is affected by the human body, hand and by the inclusion of a ground plane. The results show that these factors need to be taken into account in order to accurately predict the performance of a two-branch antenna diversity system.
Dietary Patterns During Lactation and Human Milk Composition and Quantity: A NESR Systematic Review (2021)

To inform the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020–2025, the USDA and HHS identified important public health questions to be examined by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. The Committee conducted a systematic review with support from the USDA's Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review (NESR) team to answer the question: What is the relationship between dietary patterns consumed during lactation and human milk composition and quantity? The Committee developed protocols to describe how they would use NESR's SR methodology to examine the evidence related to dietary patterns (DP) during lactation and human milk (HM). NESR librarians conducted a literature search and NESR analysts dual-screened the results using pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify articles published between 2000 and 2019. NESR analysts extracted data from and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. The Committee synthesized the evidence, developed conclusion statements, and graded the strength of the evidence. This systematic review included 7 articles. Three articles from 2 cross-sectional studies examined DP and HM, while 4 articles from 3 randomized controlled trials examined diets based on macronutrient distributions and HM. The body of evidence was limited by small sample sizes, risk of bias concerns, heterogeneous methods, and study populations with limited racial/ethnic and socioeconomic diversity. Limited evidence suggests that maternal consumption of diets higher in fat (>35% fat) and lower in carbohydrate during lactation is related to higher total fat in HM collected in the maternal postprandial period. Limited evidence suggests that certain maternal DP during lactation, including diets based on macronutrient distributions, are related to the relative proportions of saturated fat and monounsaturated fatty acids in HM, and of polyunsaturated fatty acids in HM collected in the maternal postprandial period. Insufficient or no evidence was available to assess the association between DP during lactation and HM quantity, as well as total protein, water- and fat-soluble vitamins, minerals, human milk oligosaccharides, and bioactive proteins in HM. USDA, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion.
A new joint geo-opportunistic routing scheme in duty cycled internet of underwater things (2023)

The inefficient consumption of energy is a critical challenge in internet of underwater things (IoUTs) because of difficult replenishment of energy. It is possible to overcome this difficulty by introducing sleep-awake scheduling for energy conservation. In this paper, two schemes have been proposed focusing on energy efficiency: geo-opportunistic asynchronous sleep-awake scheduling routing technique (GOASST) and coordinated sink mobility-based GOASST (CSM-GOASST). By exploiting geographic and opportunistic routing paradigms, the advantages like path diversity and improved reliable communication have been achieved. Moreover, the coordinated sink mobility in multi-sink architecture introduced in CSM-GOASST exhibits potential in reducing end-to-end network delay. In CSM-GOASST, an optimal sink position helps to find the shortest path to deliver data to the destination. In addition, linear programming-based mathematical modelling is carried out for performance parameters to find feasible solutions. The performance of the proposed schemes is evaluated by performing extensive simulations.
Influence of Cold Plasma Atmospheric Jet on Surface Integrin Expression of Living Cells (2010)

Abstract The effects induced in cells due to treatment with cold atmospheric plasma jet are studied. Cell migration rate is measured by means of time‐lapse microscopy. In order to characterize cell surface integrin expression, the fluorescent response of cells after surface integrins are stained with specific antibodies is measured by flow cytometry. We show that treatment of cells with plasma jet affects the cells on sub‐cellular level, namely decreases expression of cell surface integrins ( β 1 and α v integrins were tested). This change in integrin expression might be the original cause for the effects observed on cellular level, such as reduced cell migration rate and cell detachment observed experimentally. magnified image
A Closer Look on Viscosity and Divergence Effects of Gel Treatments in Fractured Systems (2019)

Abstract Polymer gel treatment is a successful technology for conformance improvement. Achieving effective deep conformance control in high-temperature reservoirs requires improving the performance of gel in these environments and a deep understanding of gel-conformance control mechanisms inside reservoir rocks. In this work, a laboratory study was conducted to evaluate a polyacrylamide/chromium gel system for a carbonate reservoir at high-temperature and high-salinity (HTHS) conditions. Displacement experiments combined with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements were performed to investigate the mechanisms of conformance treatment as well as demonstrate the potential of oil production improvement by a gelling system. Coreflooding tests were performed on carbonate core samples with different configurations of high-permeability channels. Both gel treatment and polymer flooding experiments were conducted to quantify and differentiate between fluid-diversion and viscous effects on oil production improvement due to the treatment. Detailed spatial fluid variations inside the core samples before and after gel treatment were closely monitored using low-field NMR techniques. Both coreflooding experiments and NMR measurements clearly showed that significant oil production improvement was achieved by gel treatment. The bypassed oil during waterflooding was effectively mobilized. Gel treatment is more efficient in oil production improvement for more heterogeneous core samples. The comparison study of gel treatment and polymer flooding helps gain insight into the mechanisms of oil displacement. Results show that the blockage or fluid-diversion effect plays a more significant role in oil production improvement after gel treatment. The viscous effect of gelant flow helps mobilize oil in the matrix region. The oil production improvement by gel treatment is mainly attributed to the fluid-diversion effect, especially for the treatment in high-permeable configuration. Moreover, results of the study demonstrate the potential of the studied gel system for carbonate reservoirs at high temperature. NMR techniques add additional valuable information to conventional displacement tests to identify the dominant mechanisms of oil mobilization.
Multi-sensor placement to exploit complementary properties of diverse sonar waveforms (2006)

Distributed multistatic active sonar systems have the potential to greatly improve surveillance capability against threat submarines. The geometric diversity of such systems provides an increased number of complementary detection opportunities to counter the underwater threat. The utilization of both Doppler sensitive and insensitive waveforms within such a multistatic network further improves the detection diversity and provides a more robust surveillance capability. This paper describes the issues relevant to achieve this detection diversity, and shows the potential improvements of this approach. A simplified sonar signal excess model is described, which provides a capability to evaluate distributed sensor placements using both waveform types
Efficient evaluation of continuous signed distance to a polygonal mesh (2012)

An efficient representation of a polygonal mesh by a signed continuous distance field is the main focus of this work. We compare different approaches to implementing such a representation and choose the most efficient one. Several optimizations to the existing methods are presented including the new traversal technique for the BVH-based signed distance evaluation and packet queries. We also discuss details of the GPU implementation of the efficient signed distance evaluation. Several application examples are presented such as blending set operations, linear metamorphosis, space-time blending and microstructure generation for polygonal meshes.
Supplementary Figure 1 from <i>ZNF668</i> Functions as a Tumor Suppressor by Regulating p53 Stability and Function in Breast Cancer (2023)

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Interaction of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium on Evapotranspiration Rate and Growth of Kentucky Bluegrass (1999)

Research is limited concerning the interactive effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on turfgrass evapotranspiration (ET) rate. Previous research has emphasized the influence of N on growth and ET. In this study, a central composite experimental design was used to investigate the interactive effects of N, P, and K on Kentucky bluegrass ( Poa pratensis L. ‘Majestic’) water use and growth under field conditions. Five treatment levels for each nutrient were used; N treatment levels ranged from 49 to 588 kg ha −1 yr −1 , P from 0 to 86 kg ha −1 yr −1 , and K from 0 to 348 kg ha −1 yr −1 . Clipping yield and ET (measured in 25‐cm diam. bucket‐type lysimeters) were recorded on a weekly basis. A field study conducted in 1988 evaluated N, P, and K applied alone while in a 1989 field study N, P, and K combinations and interactions were evaluated. Applied alone, P and K had no effect on ET or shoot growth independent of the rate applied. Unless a high level of N was applied (588 kg ha −1 yr −1 ), N had no affect on shoot growth or ET. Shoot growth (clipping yield) and ET were highly correlated ( r = 0.79, P ≤ 0.001) in the single nutrient study. There was an interaction between N, P, and K on shoot growth and ET. Shoot growth response was highly correlated with ET response when fertilized in the normal range of P for the soil type evaluated (0, 21.5, 43 kg P ha −1 yr −1 ). Evapotranspiration rate response to N, P, and K applied in combination were distinctly different from nutrients applied alone. At medium to high levels of N and P (294 kg N and 43 kg P ha −1 yr −1 and higher), water use increased in response to increasing K applied. Conversely, at N and P levels routinely applied to this species and soil type (147 kg N and 21.5 kg P ha −1 yr −1 and lower), increasing K levels minimized water use. Further research is needed to study specific interactions.
The Use of Butane Diacetals of Glycolic Acid as Precursors for the Synthesis of the Phytotoxic Calmodulin Inhibitor Herbarumin II (2003)

Abstract The total synthesis of phytotoxic nonenolide herbarumin II ( 1 ) has been achieved by implementation of butane diacetal (BDA)‐desymmetrised glycolate building blocks. Three of the four stereogenic centres present in the key coupling fragments were generated from both enantiomeric forms of the BDA building block in highly diastereoselective alkylation and aldol reactions.