gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photochemistry of low-temperature matrixes containing carbonyl sulfide: reactions of sulfur atoms with the phosphorus trihalides phosphorus trifluoride (PF3) and phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) and the hydrocarbons methane, ethene, and ethyne (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of low-temperature matrixes containing carbonyl sulfide: reactions of sulfur atoms with the phosphorus trihalides phosphorus trifluoride (PF3) and phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) and the hydrocarbons methane, ethene, and ethyneMichael Hawkins, Matthew J. Almond, and Anthony J. DownsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 15, 3326–3334Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100261a034https://doi.org/10.1021/j100261a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views186Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Soluble CD36 in Plasma Is Increased in Patients With Symptomatic Atherosclerotic Carotid Plaques and Is Related to Plaque Instability (2008)

We propose that sCD36 may be a marker of plaque instability and symptomatic carotid atherosclerosis, possibly at least partly as a result of CD36 release to the circulation from the foam cells within the atherosclerotic lesion.
A conceptual design study of a Compact Photon Source (CPS) for Jefferson Lab (2020)

This document describes the technical design concept of a compact high intensity, multi-GeV photon source. Capable of producing 1012 equivalent photons per second this novel device will provide unprecedented access to physics processes with very small scattering probabilities such as hard exclusive reactions on the nucleon. When combined with dynamic nuclear polarized targets, its deployment will result in a large gain in polarized experiment figure-of-merit compared to all previous measurements. Compared to a traditional bremsstrahlung photon source the proposed concept presents several advantages, most significantly in providing a full intensity in a small spot at the target and in taking advantage of the narrow angular spread associated with high energy bremsstrahlung compared to the wide angular distribution of the secondary radiation to minimize the operational prompt and activation radiation dose rates.
A review on the use of additive manufacturing to produce lower limb orthoses (2019)

Abstract Orthoses (exoskeletons and fracture fixation devices) enhance users’ ability to function and improve their quality of life by supporting alignment correction, restoring mobility, providing protection, immobilisation and stabilisation. Ideally, these devices should be personalised to each patient to improve comfort and performance. Production costs have been one of the main constraints for the production of personalised orthoses. However, customisation and personalisation of orthoses are now possible through the use of additive manufacturing. This paper presents the current state of the art of additive manufacturing for the fabrication of orthoses, providing several examples, and discusses key research challenges to be addressed to further develop this field.
Carbohydrate specificity of chicken and human tandem-repeat-type galectins-8 in composition of cells (2011)

The network of adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins in chicken (chicken galectin, CG) has only one tandem-repeat-type protein, CG8. Using a cell-based assay and probing galectin reactivity with a panel of fluorescent neoglycoconjugates (glycoprobes), its glycan-binding profile was determined. For internal validation, human galectin-8 (HG8) was tested. In comparison to HG8, CG8 showed a rather similar specificity: both galectins displayed high affinity to blood group ABH antigens as well as to 3'-sialylated and 3'-sulfated lactosamine chains. The most remarkable difference was found to be an ability of HG8 (but not CG8) to bind the disaccharide Galβ1-3GlcNAc (Le(c)) as well as branched and linear oligolactosamines. The glycan-binding profile was shown to be influenced by glycocalix of the cell, where the galectin is anchored. Particularly, glycosidase treatment of galectin-loaded cells led to the change of the profile. Thus, we suppose the involvement of cis-glycans in the interaction of cell-anchored galectins with external glycoconjugates.
Extending passivity-based control beyond mechanics: a synchronous motor example (2000)

The potential success of a new controller design in practical applications hinges upon its ability to improve the performance of the existing engineering schemes, as well as its compatibility with current practice. While the first one is a widely accepted sine qua non condition, the latter builds up confidence on the proposition and facilitates the communication between practitioners and control theorists. The purpose of this paper is to bring to the readers attention a nonlinear controller design technique passivitybased control (PBC) that enjoys these two essential features. PBC concentrates on the energy properties of the controlled system and its final aim is to assign to the closedloop a desired energy function. In this way, the desired performance is specified in terms of energy, a fundamental concept which is wellunderstood in engineering practice. This energyshaping" approach to control is wellknown in robotics and has been recently extended, e.g. to cover electrical and electromechanical systems, adopting two different perspectives. We illustrate both approaches in this paper with their application to the control of synchronous motors.
Increasing Chemistry Content Engagement by Implementing Polymer Infusion into Gatekeeper Chemistry Courses (2018)

Mastery of core chemistry content is a degree requirement for several STEM majors. Gatekeeper courses, like general and physical chemistry, have a history of weeding out struggling students, and often underrepresented groups underperform. While gatekeeper courses ensure students are prepared for STEM degrees, it is essential they do not create undue obstacles or dampen interest in STEM. This article describes the implementation and evaluation of efforts to infuse polymer science into a two-semester sequence of general and physical chemistry courses. Survey and focus group data revealed positive feedback from students. Also, improved student mastery of polymer concepts and knowledge was demonstrated in pre- and postassessments. Ultimately, these initial efforts provided students with additional foundational skills and increased engagement with chemistry content.
Investigation of competitive oscillations between drift mode and flute mode in linear cylindrical ECR plasma (2008)

A competitive coexistence between a drift mode and a flute mode has been investigated experimentally in a bounded cylindrical electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma. This competitive cycle was repeated during a whole continuous discharge. Competitive phenomena appeared in plasmas when the density scale length was close to the critical value: the drift mode is dominant and the flute mode is suppressed just below a critical value, but above this value, the flute mode grows abruptly and the drift mode is suppressed. In this phase, the density gradient increases temporally. A small crash takes place when the density scale length reaches a limit value, and then the density profile goes back to the previous states and thus the drift mode is excited and the flute mode is suppressed. The direct nonlinear coupling between the drift mode and the flute mode is weaker than the process of the second harmonic generation of each mode, suggesting that the growth and decay of them are closely related to the modification of the radial density profile.
Film Fabrication of Perovskites and their Derivatives for Photovoltaic Applications via Chemical Vapor Deposition (2021)

In recent decades, metal halide perovskites have attracted much attention after showing great potential in photovoltaic (PV) applications. With the rapid progress of perovskites, various thin-film fabrication methods have been studied intensively. However, a film deposition method with controllability, cost efficiency, scalability, and uniformity is required to obtain perovskite films with the desired morphologies and properties and achieve large-scale manufacture. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) stands out among the various deposition methods because of its unique advantages. In this review, perovskite films for PV applications deposited by diverse CVD methods are discussed, and a summary of the development and investigation of CVD processes utilized is provided.
Tunneling spectroscopy in core/shell structured Fe/MgO nanospheres (2009)

We report on tunneling conductance properties of a single Fe island enclosed by an epitaxial MgO shell. The results obtained show clear oscillations in the current-voltage curves that, along with the theoretical modeling, allow determining the electronic density of states of the iron core. Moreover, the correlation of these results with the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity of assemblies of Fe/MgO nanocrystals provides evidence of the Δ1 symmetry-sensitive tunneling across a crystalline magnesia barrier.
Dislocation filters in GaAs on Si (2015)

Cross section transmission electron microscopy has been used to analyse dislocation filter layers (DFLs) in five similar structures of GaAs on Si that had different amounts of strain in the DFLs or different annealing regimes. By counting threading dislocation (TD) numbers through the structure we are able to measure relative changes, even though the absolute density is not known. The DFLs remove more than 90% of TDs in all samples. We find that the TD density in material without DFLs decays as the inverse of the square root of the layer thickness, and that DFLs at the top of the structure are considerably more efficient than those at the bottom. This indicates that the interaction radius, the distance that TDs must approach to meet and annihilate, is dependent upon the TD density.
Base-Station Assisted Device-to-Device Communications for High-Throughput Wireless Video Networks (2013)

We propose a new scheme for increasing the throughput of video files in cellular communications systems. This scheme exploits (i) the redundancy of user requests as well as (ii) the considerable storage capacity of smartphones and tablets. Users cache popular video files and - after receiving requests from other users - serve these requests via device-to-device localized transmissions. The file placement is optimal when a central control knows a priori the locations of wireless devices when file requests occur. However, even a purely random caching scheme shows only a minor performance loss compared to such a genie-aided scheme. We then analyze the optimal collaboration distance, trading off frequency reuse with the probability of finding a requested file within the collaboration distance. We show that an improvement of spectral efficiency of one to two orders of magnitude is possible, even if there is not very high redundancy in video requests.
Retarded Solid‐State Rotations of an Oval‐Shaped Guest in a Deformed Cylinder with CH–π Arrays (2019)

Abstract Upon encapsulating an oval‐shaped hydrocarbon guest, a cylindrical host deforms its shape to maximize intermolecular contacts. Structure–assembly relationship studies with a series of hydrocarbon guests disclosed the importance of molecular shapes and CH–π contacts. Multiple contacts and weak CH–π hydrogen bonds resulted in an optimal assembly; however, the shape deformation resulted in severe retardation of rotational motions in the crystal. Thus, unlike a circular guest, the oval‐shaped guest did not change its orientation in the host. Unexpectedly, the planar guest did not affect the packing structure to form a double helix in intertwined host arrays.
Interactions of murine MHC D$\rm\sp{b}$ class I molecules with immunogenic peptides, $\beta$2-microglobulin and the T cell receptor (1994)

In this study, strains that are capable of bioaccumulating Cr(VI) were isolated from treated tannery effluent of a common effluent treatment plant. The Cr(VI) concentration in this treated effluent was 0.96 mg/l, much above the statutory limit of 0.1 mg/l for discharge of industrial effluents into inland surface waters in India. In addition to the bioaccumulation, biosorption capabilities of living and dead cells were analysed. Two strains, identified as Bacillus circulans and Bacillus megaterium were able to bioaccumulate 34.5 and 32.0 mg Cr/g dry weight, respectively and brought the residual concentration of Cr(VI) to the permissible limit in 24 h when the initial concentration was 50 mg Cr(VI)/l. Our experimental design accounts for initial as well as final residual concentration of heavy metal while selecting heavy metal accumulating strains during batch studies. Biosorption of Cr(VI) was shown by B. megaterium and an another strain, B. coagulans. Living and dead cells of B. coagulans biosorbed 23.8 and 39.9 mg Cr/g dry weight, respectively, whereas, 15.7 and 30.7 mg Cr/g dry weight was biosorbed by living and dead cells of B. megaterium, respectively. Biosorption by the dead cells was higher than the living cells. This was due to prior pH conditioning (pH 2.5 with deionized water acidified with H2SO4) of the dead cells.
Exploring pattern-aware travel routes for trajectory search (2013)

With the popularity of positioning devices, Web 2.0 technology, and trip sharing services, many users are willing to log and share their trips on the Web. Thus, trip planning Web sites are able to provide some new services by inferring Regions-Of-Interest (ROIs) and recommending popular travel routes from trip trajectories. We argue that simply providing some travel routes consisting of popular ROIs to users is not sufficient. To tour around a wide geographical area, for example, a city, some users may prefer a trip to visit as many ROIs as possible, while others may like to stop by only a few ROIs for an in-depth visit. We refer to a trip fitting the former user group as an in-breadth trip and a trip suitable for the latter user group as an in-depth trip . Prior studies on trip planning have focused on mining ROIs and travel routes without considering these different preferences. In this article, given a spatial range and a user preference of depth/breadth specified by a user, we develop a Pattern-Aware Trajectory Search (PATS) framework to retrieve the top K trajectories passing through popular ROIs. PATS is novel because the returned travel trajectories, discovered from travel patterns hidden in trip trajectories, may represent the most valuable travel experiences of other travelers fitting the user's trip preference in terms of depth or breadth. The PATS framework comprises two components: travel behavior exploration and trajectory search . The travel behavior exploration component determines a set of ROIs along with their attractive scores by considering not only the popularity of the ROIs but also the travel sequential relationships among the ROIs. To capture the travel sequential relationships among ROIs and to derive their attractive scores, a user movement graph is constructed. For the trajectory search component of PATS, we formulate two trajectory score functions, the depth-trip score function and the breadth-trip score function, by taking into account the number of ROIs in a trajectory and their attractive scores. Accordingly, we propose an algorithm, namely, Bounded Trajectory Search (BTS), to efficiently retrieve the top K trajectories based on the two trajectory scores. The PATS framework is evaluated by experiments and user studies using a real dataset. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and the efficiency of the proposed PATS framework.
Generalized Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Models for Count Data with Application to Malaria Time Series with Low Case Numbers (2013)

G(S)ARIMA models may be particularly useful in the drive towards malaria elimination, since episode count series are often seasonal and non-stationary, especially when control is increased. Although building and fitting GSARIMA models is laborious, they may provide more realistic prediction distributions than do Gaussian methods and may be more suitable when counts are low.
A Framework of Mixed Sparse Representations for Remote Sensing Images (2016)

In this paper, a new framework of mixed sparse representations (MSRs) is proposed for solving ill-conditioned problems with remote sensing images. In general, it is very difficult to find a common sparse representation for remote sensing images because of complicated ground features. Here we regard a remote sensing image as a combination of subimage of smooth, edges, and point-like components, respectively. Since each domain transformation method is capable of representing only a particular kind of ground object or texture, a group of domain transformations are used to sparsely represent each subimage. To demonstrate the effect of the framework of MSR for remote sensing images, MSR is regarded as a prior for maximum a posteriori when solving ill-conditioned problems such as classification and super resolution (SR), respectively. The experimental results show that not only the new framework of MSR can improve classification accuracy but also it can construct a much better high-resolution image than other common SR methods. The proposed framework MSR is a competitive candidate for solving other remote sensing images-related ill-conditioned problems.
Transport properties of strained silicon nanowires (2012)

We discuss the effect of strains on the electron and hole mobilities in silicon nanowires with diameters near 10 nm. We show that silicon nanowires are very sensitive to strains, so that strain engineering shall be a highly efficient booster for nanowire technologies.
Probing electron dynamics by ellipticity effects in molecular high harmonic generation (2007)

Two-centre interference in the recombination step of molecular high harmonic generation (HHG) has been observed in an aligned sample of CO2. Ellipticity dependent studies show clearly how the destructive interference can be ‘switched off’ by increasing the degree of ellipticity, thus shifting the effective resonance condition. The spectral dependence of the recombination interference was studied as a function of ellipticity effect and a model is proposed to explain these results. This model confirms the important role of ellipticity on the HHG emission from an aligned molecular ensemble.
A class of power efficient VLSI architectures for high speed turbo-decoding (2003)

Turbo codes have become an attractive forward error correction scheme for broadband communications, providing near optimal coding gain. However, the limited throughput, the large latency and the significant power consumption of their current implementations make them hardly suitable for future broadband communication systems (up to 1 Gbit/s). We have developed an innovative turbo-decoding architecture that overcomes these major drawbacks. We increased drastically the throughput and decreased the latency by introducing a high level of parallelism. We reduced significantly the power consumption by optimizing the memory architecture and organization. This paper presents the proposed architecture as a generic, scalable and parametrizable entity. Design trade-offs regarding decoding performance, energy consumption and silicon area are extensively explored and summarized in cost versus throughput curves, enabling an optimal tuning of the proposed architecture to future applications. A net coding gain of 8 dB, a throughput of 500 Mbit/s and a latency of 10 /spl mu/s are achievable with a typical power budget of 1 W and a die size of 20 mm/sup 2/ in 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. At lower throughput (around 10 Mb/s), the power can be reduced to 10 mW and the area to 5 mm/sup 2/.
High-Throughput Computational Approach to Li/Vacancy Configurations and Structural Evolution during Delithiation: The Case of Li2MnO3 Surface (2018)

High-throughput prediction of chemical and physical properties of materials is a promising approach to the discovery and development of novel materials. We perform high-throughput first-principles calculations of more than 65 000 Li/vacancy configurations at different concentrations in the surface region of Li2MnO3 to exhaustively investigate its structural evolution during the delithiation process. Through this computation, we establish a complete picture of all stable and unstable configurations of the material that is difficult to obtain with nonexhaustive calculations. Given the picture, we identify the free energy and the ground-state energy together with their electrochemical potential by considering the energy levels of all configurations. Examination into the vacancy population and vacancy site map shows that the Li atoms are extracted from the surface region first, and then from the bulk during the process. The Li extraction is found to destabilize the O atoms near the surface and help in generating surface oxygen loss from an early stage of charging that likely causes the material’s irreversible capacity loss. The formation of vacancies enables the migration of the Mn atoms in the surface, which initiates the phase transformation to the spinel-like structure. These findings are also supported by the local structures made by vacancies. Oxygen atoms are less stable at a highly coordinated state by vacancies either on the surface or in the bulk, and Mn atoms in the surface when surrounded by many vacancies will migrate more easily than those in the bulk. Furthermore, we analyze the Boltzmann distribution of the energy to unravel the contribution of each configuration and suggest a simple, yet efficient, approach based on the energy sampling rate that is demonstrated to deliver satisfactory results with about 10% configurations for this class of structural search applications.