gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A microRNA-dependent program controls p53-independent survival and chemosensitivity in human and murine squamous cell carcinoma (2011)

The p53 tumor suppressor, a central mediator of chemosensitivity in normal cells, is functionally inactivated in many human cancers. Therefore, a central challenge in human cancer therapy is the identification of pathways that control tumor cell survival and chemosensitivity in the absence of functional p53. The p53-related transcription factors p63 and p73 exhibit distinct functions—p73 mediates chemosensitivity while p63 promotes proliferation and cell survival—and are both overexpressed in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). However, how p63 and p73 interact functionally and govern the balance between prosurvival and proapoptotic programs in SCC remains elusive. Here, we identify a microRNA-dependent mechanism of p63/p73 crosstalk that regulates p53-independent survival of both human and murine SCC. We first discovered that a subset of p63-regulated microRNAs target p73 for inhibition. One of these, miR-193a-5p, expression of which was repressed by p63, was activated by proapoptotic p73 isoforms in both normal cells and tumor cells in vivo. Chemotherapy caused p63/p73-dependent induction of this microRNA, thereby limiting chemosensitivity due to microRNA-mediated feedback inhibition of p73. Importantly, inhibiting miR-193a interrupted this feedback and thereby suppressed tumor cell viability and induced dramatic chemosensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we have identified a direct, microRNA-dependent regulatory circuit mediating inducible chemoresistance, whose inhibition may provide a new therapeutic opportunity in p53-deficient tumors.
High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T is associated with disease activity in patients with inflammatory arthritis (2023)

HsTnT levels were associated with inflammatory markers for IA disease activity. However, while inflammatory markers significantly improved after antirheumatic treatment, hsTnT did not change during the 6-month follow-up period.
MicroRNA Profiling In Activated B-Cell and Germinal Center B-Cell Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Using Formalin Fixed, Paraffin Embedded Patient Biopsies (2010)

Abstract Abstract 3111 Diffuse Large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The Leukemia Lymphoma Molecular Profiling Project (LLMPP) collaboration has done extensive work regarding this disease including gene expression profiling to show that the cell of origin impacts the prognosis of the patient. Those cases which arise from an activated B cell (ABC) have a worse prognosis than those cases which arise from a germinal center B cell (GCB). We have used a subset of cases from our institution which have had gene expression profiling performed on frozen material and assigned ABC (n=18) or GCB (n=24) status (Rosenwald et al NEJM 2002, 346:1937). We have used matched formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue block from these cases to obtain a microRNA profile utilizing the qNPA technology (High ThroughPut Genomics) as previously published (Roberts et al Lab Invest 2007, 87:979). This novel FFPE based RNAase protection assay measured 688 human microRNAs. Each microRNA was represented twice on the array and the values averaged for a signal value. The data were normalized to the total signal of the microarray. We were able to define a signature of increased microRNA for each DLBCL subtype as shown in Table 1. ABC subtype GCB subtype hsa-miR-155 hsa-miR-28-5p hsa-miR-196a hsa-miR-138 hsa-miR-501-3p hsa-miR-151-3p hsa-miR-656 hsa-miR-151-5p hsa-miR-1247 hsa-miR-182 hsa-miR-210 hsa-miR-613 The hsa-miR-155 is of importance in lymphoma as it regulates the generation of immunoglobulin class-switch in plasma cells (Turner et al Immunity 2007, 27:847) and was previously identified as a characteristic of ABC cell lines (Lossos et al Blood 2009,113:3754). The hsa-miR-210 has been shown to modulate the MYC antagonist MNT which allows for MYC expression (Grandori et all Cell Cycle 2009, 8:2756). This microRNA profile provides an opportunity to further explore the role microRNA plays in lymphoma biology and in particular, in DLBCL subtype determination. The success of the technique in FFPE tissue holds promise for further microRNA studies on archival material. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Appendix A: Physical Constants and Other Data (2008)

Physical Constants and Other DataPermittivity of vacuum, ε 0 = 8.854 × 10 -12 ∼ = (1/36π) × 10 -9 F/m Permeability of vacuum, μ 0 = 4π × 10 -7 H/m Impedance of free space, η 0 = 376.7 ∼ = 120π Velocity of light, c = 2.998 × 10 8 m/s Charge of electron, e = 1.602 × 10 -19 C Mass of electron, m = 9.107 × 10 -31 kg Mass of proton, M = 1.67 × 10 -27 kg Boltzmann's constant, k = 1.380 × 10 -23 J/K Planck's constant, h = 6.547 × 10 -34 J•s 10 7 erg = 1 J 1 joule = 0.6285 × 10 19 eV 1 electron volt = energy gained by an electron in accelerating through a potential of 1 V Conductivity of copper, σ = 5.8 × 10 7 S/m Conductivity of gold, σ = 4.1 × 10 7 S/m j = √ -1 π = 3.1416
Cosedimentation of pea root polysomes with the cytoskeleton (1992)

When conventional, high ionic strength buffers were used for the isolation of polysomes from pea roots, only about 10% were retained in the detergent-insoluble pellet, and they were not degraded by endogenous RNase. A low ionic strength, cytoskeleton-stabilizing buffer increased retention to 60%, but polysomes were severely degraded. The RNase inhibitors, ribonucleoside-vanadyl complexes, heparin, KCl and ammonium sulphate lessened degradation but caused release, while Tris-HCl at 15-25 mM was able to prevent degradation without causing release. Cosedimentation of polysomes with the cytoskeleton is not an artefact of adsorption or trapping since isolated polysomes labelled through their nascent polypeptides and added to unfractionated tissue were not retained in the cytoskeletal pellet.
Formation of GeSn Multiple-Quantum-Well Microdisks on Insulating Platform toward Lasing Applications (2019)

GeSn multiple-quantum-well microdisks are demonstrated on an 8-inch insulating platform, which was formed using direct wafer bonding technique. Whispering-gallery modes are identified through FDTD simulation, showing potential of such ultra-compact cavities for Group-IV lasing.
Distributed task force scheduling in multi-microcomputer networks (1981)

Efficient task scheduling techniques are needed for microcomputer networks to be used as general purpose computers. The Wave Scheduling technique, developed for the MICRO-NET network computer, co-schedules groups of related tasks onto available network nodes. Scheduling managers are distributed over a logical control hierarchy. They subdivide requests for groups of free worker nodes and send waves of requests towards the leaves of the control hierarchy, where all workers are located. Because requests from different managers compete for workers, a manager may have to try a few times to schedule a task force. Each task force manager actually requests slightly more workers than it really needs. It computes a request size which minimizes expected scheduling overhead, as measured by total idle time in worker nodes. Using a Markov queueing model, it is shown that Wave Scheduling in a network of microcomputers is almost as efficient as centralized scheduling.
Prostate Cancer – To screen, or not to screen, is that the question? (2008)

There continues to be controversy regarding serum Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) and prostate cancer screening. We anxiously await the results of two large prospective randomized clinical trials (Prostate, Lung, Colon, and Ovary-PCLO screening trial in the US and European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer-ERSPC in Europe) assessing the benefits of prostate cancer screening. However the true question to answer may be which cancer to treat and when should we treat it.
Progress towards developing a vaccine to prevent HIV and AIDs in South Africa. (2001)

A number of local and international initiatives are underway to develop vaccines specifically for use in Africa. A phase I vaccine trial of a clade B canarypox vCP2O5 vaccine has so far been completed in Uganda. Results from this trial indicated safety but low immunogenicity. A second phase I trial of a subtype A DNA MVA vaccine started in Kenya in March 2001. This is being done in collaboration with researchers in Kenya and Oxford under the auspices of IAVI (see www.oxavi.org). (excerpt)
Sexuality education in Italy 2016-2020: a national survey investigating coverage, content and evaluation of school-based educational activities (2022)

Comprehensive sexuality education is an important means of promoting sexual well-being amongst young people and is key to preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, sexuality education is not currently included in the formal curriculum in Italian schools. The aim of this study was to develop an inventory of school-based sexuality education (SBSE) activities carried out by external providers and implemented in Italy from 2016 to 2020. A desk review and survey were carried out. In the desk review online documents on STI prevention were analysed. The survey investigated the providers, objectives, content and methods used to implement SBSE activities in secondary schools. Findings revealed a highly heterogeneous situation in terms of geographical coverage, service providers, objectives and evaluation. Some SBSE activities were classified as adopting a comprehensive approach to sexuality education, while the majority focused on STI prevention, and many were single-session activities. Although most activities were said to have been evaluated no results were available. The data showed that SBSE is not systematically and equally delivered across Italy. Action is needed to provide young people with evidence-based, age-appropriate and accurate education about sexual and reproductive health and wellbeing.
Process of infection with bacteriophage phi chi 174. XL. Viral DNA replication of phi chi 174 mutants blocked in progeny single-stranded DNA synthesis (1976)

Mutation in several different cistrons of bacteriophage phi chi 174 blocks net progeny single-stranded DNA synthesis at the late period of infection (15). For the study of the functions of these cistrons in single-stranded DNA synthesis, asymmetric replication of replicative form DNA was examined at the late period of infection with amber mutants of these cistrons. While the normal, rapid process of asymmetric single-stranded viral DNA synthesis is blocked at the late period of these mutant infections, an asymmetric synthesis of the viral strand of replicative-form DNA is observed in this period, though at a reduced level, together with degradation of prelabeled viral strand. Some intermediate replicative-form molecules were also detected. Asymmetric synthesis of the viral strand of replicative-form DNA at the late period of phi chi infection is completely inhibited in the presence of a low concentration (35mug/ml) of chloramphenicol (which also blocks net single-stranded viral DNA synthesis). These results are discussed in terms of the possible role of the specific viral proteins for normal single-stranded DNA synthesis.
Throughput and Diversity Gain of Buffer-Aided Relaying (2011)

In this paper, we consider a simple network consisting of a source, a half-duplex decode-and- forward relay, and a destination. In contrast to most of the existing literature, we assume that the relay is equipped with a buffer and show that this can lead to substantial performance gains. We propose a simple protocol which chooses either the source-relay or the relay-destination link for transmission depending on the instantaneous channel state information. For this simple protocol, we derive the throughput for adaptive rate transmission and the outage probability for fixed rate transmission. Our results show that, unlike conventional relaying, buffer-aided relaying yields a diversity gain of two. In addition, throughput gains of up to 100 % compared to conventional relaying are possible.
Identification and glucan-binding properties of a new carbohydrate-binding module family (2002)

The C-terminal 191-residue module of Cel5A from the alkalophilic Bacillus sp. 1139 comprises a carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) belonging to a previously unidentified family that we have classified as CBM family 28. This example, called CBM28, bound specifically to cello-oligosaccharides and mixed β-(1,3)(1,4)-glucans (barley β-glucan) with association constants of approximately (1–4)×104 M−1. Its binding to barley β-glucan was remarkably insensitive to pH between 7.0 and 10.9, in keeping with its alkalophilic source. CBM28 bound to cellulose having a significant non-crystalline content with an association constant similar to that for its binding to soluble glucans. CBM17 (CBM family 17) and CBM28 modules naturally occur as tandems. The CBM17/CBM28 tandem from Cel5A bound with apparent co-operativity to barley β-glucan. The association of CBM28 with cello-oligosaccharides was driven enthalpically and marked by the different thermodynamic contribution of three putative binding subsites that accommodate a cellohexaose molecule.
Development of solid-state disk laser for high-average power (2003)

This work describes recent progress in the development of solid-state laser using a composite disk the active mirror configuration. Pump diode arrays are placed around the perimeter of the disk and pump light is injected into the undoped edge. Uniform laser gain can be achieved with proper choice of lasant doping level, diode placement, and diode divergence. Effective reduction of thermo-optical distortions makes this laser suitable for pulse amplification at high-average power.
ADJACENT SEGMENT DEGENERATION IN THE LUMBAR SPINE (2004)

The rate of symptomatic degeneration at an adjacent segment warranting either decompression or arthrodesis was predicted to be 16.5% at five years and 36.1% at ten years. There appeared to be no correlation with the length of fusion or the preoperative arthritic degeneration of the adjacent segment.
Field Boundary Identification using Convolutional Neural Network and GIS on High Resolution Satellite Observations (2021)

With advent of constellation of high-resolution micro satellites, the acquisition rate of earth observation has surpassed the rate of data processing. In semi-arid rainfed agricultural ecosystems area under crop varies across seasons. Due to small land holdings it’s often difficult to identify the field level crop cultivation information. Also, field boundaries are important for identification of crop extent, crop insurance, crop loan, carbon credit and to establish the credit score for the farm. Studies have reported effective edge detection using Deep Learning based classifiers. Geographic Information System (GIS) based topology operations for vector geometry are effective in correction of vector geometries. This study describes field boundary identification approach using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) on high resolution satellite observations. A Holistically-nested Edge Detection algorithm is used to identify the edge raster images. The pixel error rate of 19% was obtained with 200 epochs and 131 training images. Finally, the edge raster images were geo-referenced and converted into vector polygon geometry. Topology operations such as sliver polygon removal, overshoot and undershoot error removal were applied to refine the field boundary output. The accuracy assessment of identified field boundaries was performed with manually drawn field boundaries. Key features such as area of the polygon and centroid shift were compared between actual and identified field boundaries. We observed mean of difference in area of 216 sq. meter and chentroid shift of 1.12 meter. We plan to train proposed architecture for different spatial resolutions and cropping conditions. Additional GIS based accuracy matrices like percent overlap will be used during the operational use.
Protease-activated receptor regulation of Cl−secretion in Calu-3 cells requires prostaglandin release and CFTR activation (2006)

Human lung epithelial (Calu-3) cells were used to investigate the effects of protease-activated receptor (PAR) stimulation on Cl(-) secretion. Quantitative RT-PCR (QRT-PCR) showed that Calu-3 cells express PAR-1, -2, and -3 receptor mRNAs, with PAR-2 mRNA in greatest abundance. Addition of either thrombin or the PAR-2 agonist peptide SLIGRL to the basolateral solution of monolayers mounted in Ussing chambers produced a rapid increase in short-circuit current (I(sc): thrombin, 21 +/- 2 microA; SLIGRL, 83 +/- 22 microA), which returned to baseline within 5 min after stimulation. Pretreatment of monolayers with the cell-permeant Ca(2+)-chelating agent BAPTA-AM (50 microM) abolished the increase in I(sc) produced by SLIGRL. When monolayers were treated with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (10 microM), nearly complete inhibition of both the thrombin- and SLIGRL-stimulated I(sc) was observed. In addition, basolateral treatment with the PGE(2) receptor antagonist AH-6809 (25 microM) significantly inhibited the effects of SLIGRL on I(sc). QRT-PCR revealed that Calu-3 cells express mRNAs for CFTR, the Ca(2+)-activated KCNN4 K(+) channel, and the KCNQ1 K(+) channel subunit, which, in association with KCNE3, is known to be regulated by cAMP. Stimulation with SLIGRL produced an increase in apical Cl(-) conductance that was blocked in cells expressing short hairpin RNAs designed to target CFTR. These results support the conclusion that PAR stimulation of Cl(-) secretion occurs by an indirect mechanism involving the synthesis and release of prostaglandins. In addition, PAR-stimulated Cl(-) secretion requires activation of CFTR and at least two distinct K(+) channels located in the basolateral membrane.
Hepatic chemoprotective enzyme responses to 2‐substituted selenazolidine‐4(R)‐carboxylic acids (2006)

In epidemiology and human supplementation studies, as well as many animal models, selenium has shown antitumorigenic activity. The mechanism of action, however, has not been satisfactorily resolved. Selenium supplementation affects many enzymes in addition to those where selenocysteine is an essential component. Such enzymes include cytoprotective detoxifying enzymes, and the regulation of these enzymes by a set of 2-substituted selenazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acids (SCAs) has been investigated. Following seven consecutive daily doses of these prodrugs of L-selenocysteine, changes in hepatic enzyme activities and/or mRNA levels of glutathione transferase (GST), microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH), NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase (NQO), UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and thioredoxin reductase (TR) have been observed. Among the enzymes examined, UGTs and GPx were found to be the least affected. Among the compounds, 2-oxoSCA produced the most changes and 2-phenylSCA produced the least, none. For no two compounds was the pattern of changes identical, and for a single compound, few changes were reproduced in common by the two routes of administration investigated. In general, more changes were elicited following intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration than with the intragastric (i.g.) route. This dominance was typified by 2-butylSCA and 2-cyclohexylSCA where enzyme activity elevations (TR and mEH with both, NQO with 2-butylSCA) were seen only with the i.p. route. With 2-oxoSCA, however, GST, TR, and NQO activities were found to be elevated independent of route. Only with GST (both routes) and TR (i.p. route), elevations in mRNAs accompanied the 2-oxoSCA elicited elevations of activities at the time of sacrifice. For some enzymes, most notably mEH with compounds administered i.p., elevations in mRNAs were not manifest as increased enzyme activity. Thus, although constituting a closely related series of compounds, each 2-substituted SCA produced its own unique pattern of changes, and for most members, changes were predominant following i.p. administration.
Relative expression (RT-qPCR) of genes in control (open bars) and Fallots (closed bars) pigs’ hearts and Fold change comparison between samples of the four localizations. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;Transcript expression is normalized to the reference genes HPRT1 and GUSB. Two sided T-Test Statistical significance of n = 5 Controls and n = 7 rTOF hearts (*P &lt;0.05, **P &lt;0.01, ***P &lt;0.001).&lt;/p&gt;
<title>The impact of playout policy on the performance of P2P live streaming: or how not to kill your P2P advantage</title> (2008)

In this paper we examine the impact of the adopted playout policy on the performance of P2P live streaming systems. We argue and demonstrate experimentally that (popular) playout policies which permit the divergence of the playout points of different nodes can deteriorate drastically the performance of P2P live streaming. Consequently, we argue in favor of keeping different playout points "near-in-time", even if this requires sacrificing (dropping) some late frames that could otherwise be rendered (assuming no strict bidirectional interactivity requirements are in place). Such nearly synchronized playout policies create "positive correlation" with respect to the available frames at different playout buffers. Therefore, they increase the number of upstream relay nodes from which a node can pull frames and thus boost the playout quality of both single-parent (tree) and multiple-parent (mesh) systems. On the contrary, diverging playout points reduce the number of upstream parents that can offer a gapless relay of the stream. This is clearly undesirable and should be avoided as it contradicts the fundamental philosophy of P2P systems which is to supplement an original service point with as many additional ones presented by the very own users of the service.
Naval Enterprise Engineering: Design, Innovate and Train (NEEDIT) (2015)

Abstract : Every generation of government Naval Engineers has a responsibility to see that the lessons learned and body of knowledge associated with fielded Naval equipment, systems and processes makes it to the next generation. Part of this knowledge includes the design methods and production techniques associated with producing the equipment. The transfer of design knowledge traditionally occurs over a long period of time through a design engineering internship. However, in recent years, acquisition reform philosophies involving a shift in design and production work to private industry have reduced the ability of this transfer to occur. The focus of the current naval engineering workforce is acquisition support rather than design of naval systems and equipment. This focus limits the ability of government engineers to develop the level of design expertise necessary for design innovation to occur as rapidly or as widely as in past generations. Leadership places a high priority on an innovative workforce, but an innovative workforce can only exist when the working environment provides workers with the opportunity to develop the appropriate expertise. Given the current focus on acquisition, the workforce of the future will most likely consist of innovative acquisition experts who lack the expertise to be innovative designers. This paper examines current naval engineering workforce development and in particular the changes brought about by acquisition reform to the area of design engineering. It includes a discussion of recent publications addressing building a design engineering workforce. The discussion reveals a possible pathway for creating more innovative design engineers in the future and builds a case for providing structured design engineer training. The paper also includes a description of a tool for providing an e-learning simulation based training program to help Naval engineers develop the necessary expertise in design engineering.