gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bio-Inspired Dual-Network Model to Tackle Statistical Heterogeneity in Federated Learning (2023)

The problem of statistical heterogeneity in Federated Learning has been a major challenge, with existing solutions making unrealistic assumptions about the availability of shared datasets and high bandwidth between clients and the server. Solving this problem is crucial for the success of Federated Learning in real-world scenarios. In this work, we propose a biologically inspired dual-network model FedDual, which mimics how the human brain learns and memorizes the information. The model consists of a neocortical and a hippocampal network similar to those in the human brain. The hippocampal network is comprised by an image classification model, while the neocortical network is a variational auto-encoder responsible for long-term and re-callable memory. In this manner, FedDual uses the neocortical network to generate pseudo-patterns (synthetic data) on the server (global model). This allows for the hippocampal network to be trained with these pseudo-patterns. The dual-network architecture allows devices to share information via the weight updates of the neocortical network to the server without sending the actual data. We compare FedDual against alternatives elsewhere in the literature when applied to widely available datasets. FedDual not only achieves a margin of accuracy improvement over the alternatives, but also converges faster, requiring less communication rounds.
Pycnogenol ® Improves Microcirculation, Retinal Edema, and Visual Acuity in Early Diabetic Retinopathy (2009)

Pycnogenol taken at this early stage of retinopathy may enhance retinal blood circulation accompanied by regression of edema, which favorably improves vision of patients.
Proton-resonance spectra of selected mono-, di-, and trisubstituted silanes (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton-resonance spectra of selected mono-, di-, and trisubstituted silanesH. J. Campbell-Ferguson, Evelyn A. V. Ebsworth, Alan G. MacDiarmid, and Taisuke YoshiokaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1967, 71, 3, 723–726Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100862a036https://doi.org/10.1021/j100862a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Literatur als Politische Bildung. Wie ein Kontrollgang durchs Feuilleton zur Zwangsernährung des Romans „Kontrolliert“ von Rainald Goetz führte (1988)

Padagogische Korrespondenz (1988) 4, S. 89-98
Padagogische Teildisziplin: Sonstige; 
als elektronischer Volltext verfugbar
New Tumor Promoters from Marine Natural Products (1990)

Tumor promoters induce tumor formation from initiated cells. We have found new tumor promoters that are structurally different from 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). These new tumor promoters include lyngbyatoxin A debromoaplysiatoxin, aplysiatoxin, bromoaplysiatoxin, oscillatoxin A and anhydrodebromoaplysiatoxin isolated from marine blue-green algae, and dibromoaplysiatoxin synthesized chemically; palytoxin isolated from a marine coelenterate; and okadaic acid isolated from a black sponge. These new tumor promoters are classified as TPA-type and non-TPA type tumor promoters on the basis of their abilities to bind to the phorbol ester receptor. Lyngbyatoxin A and aplysiatoxins belong to the TPA-type, and palytoxin and okadaic acid are non-TPA type tumor promoters. TPA-type tumor promoters activate protein kinase C, which serves as the phorbol ester receptor, while non-TPA type tumor promoters do not activate protein kinase C in vitro. Therefore, these two types of tumor promoters provide direct evidence for divergent mechanisms of action in two-stage carcinogenesis experiments on mouse skin.
Capacity and data rate for millimeter wavelength systems in a short range package radio transceiver (2010)

In this paper a model to calculate the capacity of millimeter wave integrated systems is proposed. The model includes Angle-of-Arrival information and is used to predict the static channel capacity. It is found that for millimeter wavelength systems, the LOS signal contributes significantly to the spatial MIMO channel capacity for short distance applications. Measurements of the spatial MIMO wireless channel in an indoor environment have been performed in the 55-57 GHz band and have been used to calculate the channel capacity.
Bit error ratio of CPFSK coherent optical receivers (1988)

Narrow-bandwidth CPFSK systems employing delay-andmultiply receivers may have potential applications in future multichannel coherent optical communications networks. The bit error ratio of such systems is derived and is shown to be close to the shot noise limit when IF noise filtering is employed with optimum bandwidth and delay time.
Electrical characteristics of very thin SiO2deposited at low substrate temperatures (1987)

Very thin (≲ 100-Å) films of SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> have been deposited by a modified plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition (PECVD) process at very low substrate temperatures (≲ 350°C). Low flow rates of reactive gases and a high flow of inert carrier gas were used to lower the deposition rate, ensuring improved dielectric properties and good control over film thickness. Measurements made on MOS capacitors of current-voltage characteristics, electrical breakdown, interface trap density, and mobile ion drift indicate that these very thin PECVD films are approaching thermally grown SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> in quality and may be suitable as gate dielectrics in device applications.
TLS/FUS (translocated in liposarcoma/fused in sarcoma) regulates target gene transcription via single-stranded DNA response elements (2012)

TLS/FUS (TLS) is a multifunctional protein implicated in a wide range of cellular processes, including transcription and mRNA processing, as well as in both cancer and neurological disease. However, little is currently known about TLS target genes and how they are recognized. Here, we used ChIP and promoter microarrays to identify genes potentially regulated by TLS. Among these genes, we detected a number that correlate with previously known functions of TLS, and confirmed TLS occupancy at several of them by ChIP. We also detected changes in mRNA levels of these target genes in cells where TLS levels were altered, indicative of both activation and repression. Next, we used data from the microarray and computational methods to determine whether specific sequences were enriched in DNA fragments bound by TLS. This analysis suggested the existence of TLS response elements, and we show that purified TLS indeed binds these sequences with specificity in vitro. Remarkably, however, TLS binds only single-strand versions of the sequences. Taken together, our results indicate that TLS regulates expression of specific target genes, likely via recognition of specific single-stranded DNA sequences located within their promoter regions.
Probing Ferromagnets with Andreev Reflection (1998)

High transmissivity, ferromagnet-superconductor thin film nanocontacts are studied experimentally. Compared to nonmagnetic metal-superconductor contacts, Andreev reflection is strongly suppressed due to the spin polarization of conduction electrons in the ferromagnet. This effect is used to measure both the transparency of the interface and spin polarization of the direct current in the ferromagnet in contrast to the spin polarization of the tunneling current previously measured in ferromagnet-insulator-superconductor systems.
Cryptochromes and Inner Retinal Non‐Visual Irradiance Detection (2003)

Nearly all circadian clocks have free-running periods that differ significantly from 24 hours. To maintain synchrony with the 24 h day, the mammalian circadian clock is reset by light. Unlike other animals, mammalian circadian entrainment occurs exclusively via the eyes and optic nerves. Remarkably, the classical photoreceptors--the rods and cones--are not necessary for photic entrainment. Instead, a subset of inner retinal ganglion cells are directly photoresponsive and transmit photic information specifically to brain centres involved in irradiance detection, including the master circadian pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. The photopigment(s) responsible for inner retinal phototransduction are unknown. Several lines of evidence constrain candidate photopigments. First, near-total vitamin A depletion does not diminish retinohypothalamic signalling. Second, loss of cryptochrome function in retinal-degenerate mice substantially decreases photic signalling to the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and markedly decreases pupillary light responses. Third, vitamin A depletion of cryptochrome mutant mice leads to loss of photic signalling to the suprachiasmatic nucleus. These findings suggest a model where either classical photopigments or inner retinal photopigments are sufficient for non-visual irradiance detection.
Fundamentals of the Theory of Metals (1988)

This primer by a Nobel Prize-winning physicist offers detailed coverage of all aspects of the energy spectra of electrons in metals and the theory of superconductivity. Topics include electrical and thermal conductivities, galvanomagnetic and thermoelectrical phenomena, the behavior of metals in high-frequency fields, sound absorption, and Fermi-liquid phenomena. In addition to its value as a reference, this volume is suitable as a text for undergraduate and graduate students.
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0B is a sequence-specificDNA-binding protein (1999)

Complement receptor 2 (CR2) is important in the regulation of the B lymphocyte response; the regulation of its expression is therefore of central importance. We recently reported that a 42 kDa heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the human CR2 gene [Tolnay, Lambris and Tsokos (1997) J. Immunol. 159, 5492-5501]. We cloned the cDNA encoding this protein and found it to be identical with hnRNP D0B, a sequence-specific RNA-binding protein. By using a set of mutated oligonucleotides, we demonstrated that the recombinant hnRNP D0B displays sequence specificity for double-stranded oligonucleotide defined by the CR2 promoter. We conducted electrophoretic mobility-shift assays to estimate the apparent Kd of hnRNP D0B for the double-stranded DNA motif and found it to be 59 nM. Interestingly, hnRNP D0B displayed affinities of 28 and 18 nM for the sense and anti-sense strands of the CR2 promoter-defined oligonucleotide respectively. The significantly greater binding affinity of hnRNP D0B for single-stranded DNA than for double-stranded DNA suggests that the protein might melt the double helix. The intranuclear concentration of sequence-specific protein was estimated to be 250-400 nM, indicating that the protein binds to the CR2 promoter in vivo. Co-precipitation of a complex formed in vivo between hnRNP D0B and the TATA-binding protein demonstrates that hnRNP D0B interacts with the basal transcription apparatus. Our results suggest a new physiological role for hnRNP D0B that involves binding to double- and single-stranded DNA sequences in a specific manner and functioning as a transcription factor.
Evidence for extrathymic development of TNK cells. NK1+ CD3+ cells responsible for acute marrow graft rejection are present in thymus-deficient mice (1992)

The predominant mechanism responsible for acute specific rejection of allogeneic and parental bone marrow by irradiated mice is due to a cell (TNK) that expresses the NK cell surface markers NK1 and ASGM1 as well as TCR. Here we analyze the question as to whether TNK cells require a functional thymus for their development. Using adoptive cell transfer assays, evidence is presented that, as is the case in normal mice, NK1+ CD3+ effector cells are responsible for rejection in thymus-deficient nude mice and that the specificity of rejection is indistinguishable from that of normal mice. To reveal the presence of TNK cells in the spleen of nude mice, double staining for NK1 and CD3 followed by FACS analysis was done. It is shown that NK1+ CD3+ cells are present in the spleens of nude but not euthymic mice, suggesting that the lack of a functional thymus stimulates either Ag expression or the number of TNK cells. In support of this finding, the treatment of irradiated marrow reconstituted mice with cyclosporin A leads to the appearance of TNK cells in the spleen. The relative efficiency of spleen cells from nude and cyclosporin A-treated mice to transfer resistance in adoptive cell transfers was assessed and found to be higher than that of normal spleen, consistent with the higher frequency of these cells in thymus-defective mice. The fate of NK1+ CD3+ cells subsequent to stimulation with an allogeneic marrow graft indicates that these cells proliferate in nude mice without gaining cytolytic activity. In euthymic mice, however, NK1+ CD3+ cells appear transiently but disappear in favor of CD4+ and CD8+ cells that proliferate in response to an allogeneic marrow graft. The CD8+ cells express cytolytic activity with specificity similar to that of the acute rejection mechanism, consistent with the suggestion that TNK cells differentiate into CD8+ killer cells. The reason why TNK cells in nude mice fail to differentiate into CD8+ CTL is explained by the lack of Th cells.
Exploring In-hospital Death from Myocardial Infarction in Eastern Europe: From the International Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Transitional Countries (ISACS-TC); on the Behalf of the Working Group on Coronary Pathophysiology & Microcirculation of the European Society of Cardiology (2014)

In-hospital STEMI case-fatality rates ranges widely in the former Eastern Bloc countries. Beyond the quality of care provided in hospitals, differences in time delay from symptoms onset to hospital admission may strongly influence STEMI patients' outcome.
Pressure Drop of Unidirectional Air Flow Through Rock Beds (1981)

ABSTRACT AN experimental study of the pressure drop of unidirectional air flow through rock beds is reported. The result is a general prediction equation con-sidered valid in the range of interest for crushed rock bed thermal storage applications.
Data from Dietary Chemopreventative Benzyl Isothiocyanate Inhibits Breast Cancer Stem Cells <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;A small subset of mammary tumor-initiating cells (also known as breast cancer stem cells; bCSC), characterized by expression of different markers [CD44&lt;sup&gt;high&lt;/sup&gt;/CD24&lt;sup&gt;low&lt;/sup&gt;/epithelial-specific antigen (ESA)+], aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) activity, and ability to form mammospheres under ultra-low attachment culture conditions, are suspected to evade conventional therapies leading to disease recurrence. Elimination of both therapy-sensitive epithelial tumor cells and therapy-resistant bCSC is therefore necessary for prevention of breast cancer. We have shown previously that a nontoxic small-molecule constituent of edible cruciferous vegetables (benzyl isothiocyanate; BITC) inhibits mammary cancer development in mouse mammary tumor virus-&lt;i&gt;neu&lt;/i&gt; (MMTV-&lt;i&gt;neu&lt;/i&gt;) transgenic mice by causing epithelial tumor cell apoptosis. The present study shows efficacy of BITC against bCSC &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Mammosphere formation frequency and CD44&lt;sup&gt;high&lt;/sup&gt;/CD24&lt;sup&gt;low&lt;/sup&gt;/ESA+ and/or ALDH1+ populations in cultured MCF-7 (estrogen receptor–positive) and SUM159 (triple-negative) human breast cancer cells were decreased significantly in the presence of plasma achievable concentrations of BITC. BITC administration in the diet (3 μmol BITC/g diet for 29 weeks) resulted in a marked decrease in bCSCs in the MMTV-&lt;i&gt;neu&lt;/i&gt; mice tumors &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Overexpression of full-length Ron as well as its truncated form (sfRon), but not urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, conferred near complete protection against BITC-mediated inhibition of bCSCs in MCF-7 cells. The BITC treatment downregulated protein levels of Ron and sfRon in cultured breast cancer cells and in tumor xenografts. Ron overexpression resulted in upregulation of bCSC-associated genes &lt;i&gt;Oct-4&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;SOX-2&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Nanog&lt;/i&gt;. In conclusion, the present study indicates that BITC treatment eliminates bCSCs &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Prev Res; 6(8); 782–90. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A MIMO WLAN based on linear channel inversion (2001)

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques may increase the capacity of wireless local area networks (WLAN) since they profit from rich scattering of radio waves in indoor environments. On the other hand, much signal processing must be performed in a very short time to reach practical data rates. This paper reports on elementary steps towards MIMO transmission when the channel is known to the transmitter. In most cases, channel information can be obtained at the transmitter by means of reciprocity. Linear channel inversion (LCI) may then be employed allowing simple processing suitable for real-time applications. In contrast to signal processing at the receiver, LCI offers isotropic noise gain which simplifies coding. On the other hand, power distribution at the transmitter depends on the statistical properties of the MIMO channel. Results in the case of Rayleigh fading indicate that at least one additional antenna is needed at the transmitter for reliable operation. A simple formula for the mean transmitter power is reported and confirmed by simulation. Performance can now be expressed in terms of transmitter power and a fair comparison with transmission based on signal processing at the receiver is possible. (6 pages)
Progress in Tungsten Bronze Ferroelectrics For Photorefractive Applications (1992)

The potential of photorefractive materials for applications such as phase conjugation, image processing, laser hardening and optical computing has stimulated the development of new electro-optic materials. Currently, tungsten bronze (T.B.) ferroelectrics, as well as BaTiO 3 , KNbO 3 and LiNbO 3 are being seriously evaluated for these applications.
Clinical evaluation of domestic amoxicillin/sulbactam for injection in treatment of patients with bacterial infections (2002)

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of domestic amoxicillin/sulbactam for injection in treatment of patients with bacterial infections. METHODS: A randomized controlled multicentre clinical trial was conducted. Amoxicillin/sulbactam was served as the control drug. A total of 120 patients were enrolled in the study, 59 of them in the amoxicillin/sulbactam group and the other 61 in the ampicillin/sulbactam group. RESULTS: The cure rates of amoxicillin/sulbactam and ampicillin/sulbactam were 57.63 % and 39.34 %, and the overall efficacy rates were 91.53 % and 93.44 %, respectively; the β lactamase producing rates were 63.83 % and 68.88 %. The bacterial clearance rates were 85.11 % in amoxicillin/sulbactam group and 84.90 % in ampicillin/sulbactam group. The adverse drug reaction rates of amoxicillin/sulbactam and ampicillin/sulbactam were 9.38 % and 8.22 %, respectively. There was no statistical significant difference between the two groups. The side effects were mild. The in vitro activities of amoxicillin/sulbactam and other 4 antibacterial agents showed amoxicillin/sulbactam had good activities against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogene and streptococcus pneumoniae. Sulbactam could improve the antimicrobial activities of amoxicilina againtβ lactamases. CONCLUSION: Amoxicilina/sulbactam is an effective and safe broad spectrum antibacterial agent in treating bacterial infections.
Presence of Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 in Plasma of Patients with Glucagon-Secreting Tumours (1985)

Conference Abstract| January 01 1985 Presence of Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 in Plasma of Patients with Glucagon-Secreting Tumours L.O. Uttenthal; L.O. Uttenthal 1Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Du Cane Road, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. Ghiglione; M. Ghiglione 1Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Du Cane Road, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S.K. George; S.K. George 1Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Du Cane Road, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S.R. Bloom S.R. Bloom 1Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Du Cane Road, London W12 OHS Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1985) 68 (s11): 69P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs068069P Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation L.O. Uttenthal, M. Ghiglione, S.K. George, S.R. Bloom; Presence of Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 in Plasma of Patients with Glucagon-Secreting Tumours. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 January 1985; 68 (s11): 69P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs068069P Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.