gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of a 21‐gene RT‐PCR assay on treatment decisions in early‐stage breast cancer (2007)

Treatment decisions based on RS-guided therapy compared with tamoxifen alone are associated with greater efficacy with acceptable cost-effectiveness ratios, and associated with similar efficacy and lower cost compared with chemotherapy and tamoxifen for patients with lymph node-negative, estrogen receptor-positive early-stage breast cancer.
Deposition and Cyclic Oxidation Behavior of a Protective  ( Mo ,  W  )  ( Si , Ge ) 2 Coating on Nb‐Base Alloys (1992)

A multicomponent diffusion coating has been developed to protect Nb‐base alloys from high‐temperature environmental attack. A solid solution of molybdenum and tungsten disilicide, , constituted the primary coating layer which supported a slow‐growing protective silica scale in service. Germanium additions were made during the coating process to improve the cyclic oxidation resistance by increasing the thermal expansion coefficient of the vitreous silica film formed and to avoid pesting by decreasing the viscosity of the protective film. The development of the halide‐activated pack cementation coating process to produce this coating on Nb‐base alloys is described. The results of cyclic oxidation for coupons coated under different conditions in air at 1370°C are presented. Many coupons have successfully passed 200 1 h cyclic oxidation tests at 1370°C with weight‐gain values in the range of 1.2 to 1.6 mg/cm2.
Scanning on handover enhancement issues in video application deployments on WiMAX mobile networks (2008)

WiMAX evolution is expected to go through Wireless broadband last mile access, backhaul solutions ending with handset integration. This paper outlines the challenging scenario WiMAX networks face when deploying mobile Internet applications, including the most demanding in terms of latency and data rate: the video applications. The proposed strategy to enhance global network performance has been to apply new handover policies. Several validation methodologies have been approached: testbeds, simulation scenario and a mixed real-to- simulation scenario.
Can't Boil This Frog: Robustness of Online-Trained Autoencoder-Based Anomaly Detectors to Adversarial Poisoning Attacks (2020)

In recent years, a variety of effective neural network-based methods for anomaly and cyber attack detection in industrial control systems (ICSs) have been demonstrated in the literature. Given their successful implementation and widespread use, there is a need to study adversarial attacks on such detection methods to better protect the systems that depend upon them. The extensive research performed on adversarial attacks on image and malware classification has little relevance to the physical system state prediction domain, which most of the ICS attack detection systems belong to. Moreover, such detection systems are typically retrained using new data collected from the monitored system, thus the threat of adversarial data poisoning is significant, however this threat has not yet been addressed by the research community. In this paper, we present the first study focused on poisoning attacks on online-trained autoencoder-based attack detectors. We propose two algorithms for generating poison samples, an interpolation-based algorithm and a back-gradient optimization-based algorithm, which we evaluate on both synthetic and real-world ICS data. We demonstrate that the proposed algorithms can generate poison samples that cause the target attack to go undetected by the autoencoder detector, however the ability to poison the detector is limited to a small set of attack types and magnitudes. When the poison-generating algorithms are applied to the popular SWaT dataset, we show that the autoencoder detector trained on the physical system state data is resilient to poisoning in the face of all ten of the relevant attacks in the dataset. This finding suggests that neural network-based attack detectors used in the cyber-physical domain are more robust to poisoning than in other problem domains, such as malware detection and image processing.
Subtypes Of Receptors For Serotonin (1990)

Due to the massive data sets available for drug candidates, modern drug discovery has advanced to the big data era. Central to this shift is the development of artificial intelligence approaches to implementing innovative modeling based on the dynamic, ...Read More
Role of genes in murine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in the ontogeny of B cells with restricted capacity for cooperation with adherent cells in the production of antibody to thymus-dependent (TD) and thymus-independent type 2 (TI-II) antigens. (1982)

We have examined the MHC restriction that exists for cooperation between B lymphocytes and antigen-pulsed accessory cells for antibody responses in tissue culture, using B cells prepared from spleen cell suspensions of progeny born to (B10 x B10.BR)F1 female mice mated with B10 males. At early times post-birth (3 to 6 wk) progeny animals types as H2b contained a population of splenic B cells restricted to MHC antigens expressed on B10.BR macrophages; in contrast, B cells from H2b animals born to the incross (B10 x B10) were as expected, restricted to cooperate only with B10 macrophages. This unusual restriction pattern waned with age such that by 20 wk of age considerably fewer of the B10 progeny born in the backcross mating exhibited this behavior. We interpret these data as evidence that the early B cell repertoire is to some degree 'driven' by exposure to those MHC antigens (in the maternal placental circulation) encountered in utero. Post-birth, continued renewal of the mature B cell pool occurs concomitant with a diversification (and selection) of the B cell repertoire as a result of experience with antigens lacking this maternally imparted genetic information.
WT1 epitope‑specific IgG and IgM antibodies for immune‑monitoring in patients with advanced sarcoma treated with a WT1 peptide cancer vaccine (2022)

The Wilms' tumor gene WT1 is highly expressed in various malignancies and may be a common target antigen for cancer immunotherapy. In our group, peptide-based cancer vaccines targeting WT1 CTL epitopes were developed as an immunotherapy for these malignancies. In the present study, WT1 epitope-specific immune responses were analyzed in 31 patients with advanced sarcoma with human leukocyte antigen-A*24:02- and WT1-expressing tumors who received the WT1-235 peptide vaccine as monotherapy. The serum levels of IgG and IgM antibodies against the target epitope WT1-235 and the non-target epitopes WT1-332 and WT1-271 were measured using ELISA. IgM antibodies against WT1-235, WT1-332 and WT1-271 were detected in three (9.6%), four (12.9%) and 20 patients (64.5%), respectively, prior to vaccine administration, indicating immune recognition of the WT1 antigen prior to administering the vaccine. Of 15 patients who had completed the 3-month treatment protocol, WT1-235 IgG was positive in five (33.3%) patients. An enzyme-linked immunospot assay revealed that WT1-235 epitope-specific IL-10 production/secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells declined in the first month of vaccine administration in all three patients with positivity for WT1-235 IgM at the start of the vaccine. Furthermore, positivity for both WT1-235 and WT1-271 IgM antibodies at the start of treatment was associated with unfavorable tumor control at 3 months after vaccine administration. These results suggested that WT1 epitope-specific IgG and IgM antibodies may be utilized as immune-monitoring markers for WT1 peptide cancer vaccine immunotherapy. The trials were entered in the University hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trials Registry (https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr; no. UMIN000002001 on May 24, 2009 and no. UMIN000015997 on December 20, 2014).
Temporal Dependency Rule Learning Based Group Activity Recognition in Smart Spaces (2016)

We present a generic framework for group activity recognition using simple non-obtrusive sensors. The proposed scheme is based on that group activity patterns can be derived from mining interval-based relationships between users' temporally overlapped actions. We leverage a hybrid architecture of probabilistic and logic knowledge that can capture the essence of the temporal dependencies, represented as a set of weighed rules. It can also learn different weights for common rules between similar group activities, which share most of sensor events and events order. The evaluation results show that our scheme outperforms the sequential baseline model, a mixture of Gaussian Hidden Markov Models.
A Rapid Method for Isolating Glandular Trichomes (1992)

A physical method is described for the rapid isolation of plant trichomes, with emphasis on stalked glandular types. The technique involved breaking frozen trichomes with powdered dry ice and collection of glandular heads by sieving from larger tissue fragments. This method was applied to several plants that bear similar stalked trichomes: geranium (Pelargonium), potato (Solanum tuberosum), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), squash (Cucurbita pepo), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). The tissue preparation was of sufficient quality without further purification for biochemical and molecular studies. The preparation maintained the biochemical integrity of the trichomes for active enzymes and usable nucleic acids. A large quantity of tissue can be harvested; for example, 351 milligrams dry weight of glandular trichomes were harvested from geranium pedicels in 12 hours. The utility of the technique was demonstrated by examining the fatty acid composition of tall glandular trichomes of geraniums, Pelargonium xhortorum L.H. Bailey. These purified cells contained high concentrations of unusual omega5-unsaturated fatty acids, proportionally 23.4% of total fatty acids in the trichomes. When the trichomes were removed, the supporting tissue contained no omega5-fatty acids, thereby unequivocally localizing omega5-fatty acids to the trichomes. Because omega5-fatty acids are unique precursors for the biosynthesis of omega5-anacardic acids, we conclude that anacardic acid synthesis must occur in the glandular trichomes.
Weak Antilocalization in Si δ-Doped InxGa1-xAs Systems (1997)

We have investigated the transport properties of a quasi-two-dimensional electron gas in Si δ-doped In x Ga 1- x As/GaAs (001) systems with x =0.2 and 0.3 at T =0.3–3 K. A large electron density of 8.4×10 16 m -2 is obtained for the doping density 10 17 m -2 . We have evaluated the phase breaking time and the spin-orbit scattering time by means of the weak antilocalization effect. The two-dimensional electron-electron interaction in disordered systems is found to be responsible for the dephasing.
Shared interests, enduring cooperation: the future of Australia–PNG police engagement (2014)

Overview: This Special Report presents both governments with options for PNG–Australian police engagement over the next decade. The authors set out the case for establishing an enduring strategic partnership that can deliver the sustainable progress that the fluctuating collaborations of the past decade have been unable to provide. Continuing and enhancing cooperation between PNG and Australian police is in the interests of both countries.
Phased Array Antennas (1998)

Preface to the First Edition. Preface to the Second Edition. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Array Background. 1.2 Systems Factors. 1.3 Annotated Reference Sources. References. 2 Basic Array Characteristics. 2.1 Uniformly Excited Linear Arrays. 2.2 Planar Arrays. 2.3 Beam Steering and Quantization Lobes. 2.4 Directivity. References. 3 Linear Array Pattern Synthesis. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Dolph Chebyshev Arrays. 3.3 Taylor One-Parameter Distribution. 3.4 Taylor N-Bar Aperture Distribution. 3.5 Low-Sidelobe Distributions. 3.6 Villeneuve N-Bar Array Distribution. 3.7 Difference Patterns. 3.8 Sidelobe Envelope Shaping. 3.9 Shaped Beam Synthesis. 3.10 Thinned Arrays. Acknowledgment. References. 4 Planar and Circular Array Pattern Synthesis. 4.1 Circular Planar Arrays. 4.2 Noncircular Apertures. Acknowledgment. References. 5 Array Elements. 5.1 Dipoles. 5.2 Waveguide Slots. 5.3 TEM Horns. 5.4 Microstrip Patches and Dipoles. Acknowledgments. References. 6 Array Feeds. 6.1 Series Feeds. 6.2 Shunt (Parallel) Feeds. 6.3 Two-Dimensional Feeds. 6.4 Photonic Feed Systems. 6.5 Systematic Errors. Acknowledgments. References. 7 Mutual Coupling. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Fundamentals of Scanning Arrays. 7.3 Spatial Domain Approaches to Mutual Coupling. 7.4 Spectral Domain Approaches. 7.5 Scan Compensation and Blind Angles. Acknowledgment. References. 8 Finite Arrays. 8.1 Methods of Analysis. 8.2 Scan Performance of Small Arrays. 8.3 Finite-by-Infinite Array Gibbsian Model. References. 9 Superdirective Arrays. 9.1 Historical Notes. 9.2 Maximum Array Directivity. 9.3 Constrained Optimization. 9.4 Matching of Superdirective Arrays. References. 10 Multiple-Beam Antennas. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Beamformers. 10.3 Low Sidelobes and Beam Interpolation. 10.4 Beam Orthogonality. Acknowledgments. References. 11 Conformal Arrays. 11.1 Scope. 11.2 Ring Arrays. 11.3 Arrays on Cylinders. 11.4 Sector Arrays on Cylinders. 11.5 Arrays on Cones and Spheres. Acknowledgments. References. 12 Connected Arrays. 12.1 History of Connected Arrays. 12.2 Connected Array Principles. 12.3 Connected Dipole Currents. 12.4 Connection by Reactance. 12.5 Connected Array Extensions. References. 13 Reflectarrays and Retrodirective Arrays. 13.1 Reflectarrays. 13.2 Retrodirective Arrays. References. 14 Reflectors with Arrays. 14.1 Focal Plane Arrays. 14.2 Near-Field Electromagnetic Optics. References. 15 Measurements and Tolerances. 15.1 Measurement of Low-Sidelobe Patterns. 15.2 Array Diagnostics. 15.3 Waveguide Simulators. 15.4 Array Tolerances. Acknowledgment. References. Author Index. Subject Index.
Implementation of conductive polymer nano composites (CPC) sensors in the core of composite structures for the monitoring of static and dynamic deformation in composites (2013)

International audience
Human Prostaglandin Transporter Gene (hPGT) is Regulated by Fluid Mechanical Stimuli in Cultured Endothelial Cells and Expressed in Vascular Endothelium in Vivo (1998)

Our results identify hPGT as an inducible gene in vascular endothelium and suggest that biomechanical stimuli generated by blood flow in vivo may be important determinants of hPGT expression. Furthermore, this demonstration of regulated endothelial expression of hPGT implicates this molecule in the regional metabolism of prostanoids within the cardiovascular system.
An Autonomous Land Vehicle: Design Concept And Preliminary Road Test Results (2005)

This paper describes an autonomous land vehicle known as PRV I (Postech Road Vehicle I). It employs road following algorithms based on conventional computer vision techniques and on neural networks. These algorithms use CCD camera images as direct inputs, and outputs are steering angle and velocity of the vehicle.
Gene targeting as a therapeutic avenue in diseases mediated by the complement alternative pathway (2022)

The complement alternative pathway (AP) is implicated in numerous diseases affecting many organs, ranging from the rare hematological disease paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), to the common blinding disease age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Critically, the AP amplifies any activating trigger driving a downstream inflammatory response; thus, components of the pathway have become targets for drugs of varying modality. Recent validation from clinical trials using drug modalities such as inhibitory antibodies has paved the path for gene targeting of the AP or downstream effectors. Gene targeting in the complement field currently focuses on supplementation or suppression of complement regulators in AMD and PNH, largely because the eye and liver are highly amenable to drug delivery through local (eye) or systemic (liver) routes. Targeting the liver could facilitate treatment of numerous diseases as this organ generates most of the systemic complement pool. This review explains key concepts of RNA and DNA targeting and discusses assets in clinical development for the treatment of diseases driven by the alternative pathway, including the RNA-targeting therapeutics ALN-CC5, ARO-C3, and IONIS-FB-LRX, and the gene therapies GT005 and HMR59. These therapies are but the spearhead of potential drug candidates that might revolutionize the field in coming years.
Pyrolysis, Combustion, and Fragmentation Model of Coal Particles: Preliminary Results (2016)

A mathematical model has been developed to predict fragmentation of particles under a wide range of pyrolysis and combustion conditions. The model is an upgrade of a previous one that took into account only fragmentation during the heat up and devolatilization stage. The model calculates the temperature and oxygen profiles within the particle, the evolution of internal porosity as a consequence of both devolatilization and carbon combustion, the mechanical stress caused by temperature gradients, and by volatiles-generated overpressure inside the particles. Eventually the model calculates the probability of rupture of the particle based on the Weibull (1939) theory. The model has been used to simulate heating of coal particles under inert conditions at different heating rates and temperatures showing good agreement with previous work. The model has been further used to simulate heating under oxidative conditions in order to highlight the role of combustion on fragmentation phenomena.
First‐Principles Investigation of the Electronic and Conducting Properties of Oligothienoacenes and their Derivatives (2012)

Herein, we calculated reorganization energies, vertical ionization energies, electron affinities, and HOMO-LUMO gaps of fused thiophenes and their derivatives, and analyzed the influence of different substituents on their electronic properties. Furthermore, we simulated the angular resolution anisotropic mobility for both electron- and hole-transport, based on quantum-chemical calculations combined with the Marcus-Hush electron-transfer theory. We showed that: 1) styrene-group substitution can effectively elevate the HOMO energy level and lower the LUMO energy level, and therefore lower both the hole- and electron-injection barriers; and 2) chemical oxidation of the thiophene ring can significantly improve the semiconductor properties of the fused oligothiophenes through a decrease of the injection barrier and an increase in the charge-transfer mobility for electrons but without lowering their hole-transfer mobilities, which suggests that it may be a promising way to convert p-type semiconductors into ambipolar or n-type semiconductor materials.
Concept and Prototype of Soft Actuator for Liquid Nitrogen Temperature Environments (2020)

A prototype of a soft actuator for extreme environments was fabricated, and driven in a cryogenic temperature environment. Previous soft actuators cannot be used for robots in extreme environments because resin, the main fabrication material, exhibits weak environmental characteristics. Therefore, this study proposes the application of polyimide (PI) films to soft actuators. PI is characterized by excellent environmental resistance. However, the welding of PI is difficult because of its high resistance. In this study, a welding method was developed for PI films. This method does not require pretreatment, or the use of adhesives or additives to reduce resistance. Hence, an actuator that utilizes all the characteristics of PI was realized. The actuator was characterized in a cryogenic environment, which is one of the extreme environments, and was successfully driven at a liquid nitrogen temperature of 78 K. This proposed technology is not limited to cryogenic environments and is expected to provide extreme environmental resistance to existing soft robots.
Preservation of Urine with Sulfamic Acid in Soluble Packages (1971)

Abstract Sulfamic acid, in polyvinyl alcohol envelopes, makes a safe and convenient preservative for urine, 10 g/liter of urine being a satisfactory concentration. Of several chemical procedures for urine, this preservative altered the results only for steroids.
Electrical and Mechanical Characteristics of Insulating Materials for HTS DC Cable and Cable Joint (2015)

A high-temperature superconducting (HTS) dc cable system consists of cable, termination, and cable joint. Polypropylene laminated paper (PPLP) and epoxy have been widely used as insulating material for HTS cable and cable joint. The electrical and mechanical characteristics of insulating materials at cryogenic temperature must be investigated for the long life, stable operation, and compactness of the cable. In order to develop an HTS dc cable and cable joint, it is important to understand the fundamental properties of insulating materials. In this paper, we discuss mainly about the electrical and mechanical characteristics of insulating materials for HTS dc cable and cable joint. We investigate the characteristics of dc and impulse voltage. The flashover and breakdown characteristics of PPLP, epoxy, and composite of epoxy-PPLP are studied. In addition, the mechanical characteristic such as tensile strength of PPLP at 77 and 300 K is discussed.
Розроблення компресорного обладнання для технологій видобування вуглеводнів з використанням азоту (2016)

У статті наведено огляд підсумків дослідно-конструкторських робіт, спрямованих на розроблення&#13;\nта впровадження компресорних технологій із використанням азоту для видобування вуглеводнів.&#13;\nАзот як найбільш доступний газ використовується як нейтральне середовище при виконанні різноманітних робіт: нагнітання газу в свердловини для стабілізації пластового тиску при розробленні газонафтових родовищ, видобування газового конденсату, а також під час виконання ремонтних робіт і&#13;\nвипробування газопроводів. Значну роль відіграє використання азоту для гасіння пожеж у вугільних&#13;\nшахтах. Реалізація цих технологій потребує розроблення та освоєння виробництва вітчизняного компресорного обладнання. У статті наведені деякі приклади розробок компресорних станцій на базі&#13;\nгвинтових та поршневих компресорів, що відповідають сучасним вимогам з ефективності, надійності,&#13;\nергономічності та екології, обладнані системами контролю та регулювання на базі контролерів. Наведено опис та характеристики компресорного обладнання, а також деякі результати впровадження&#13;\nкомпресорів і технологій із використанням азоту як нейтрального середовища.
Thin film photoconductor mounting schemes for picosecond optical detectors (1981)

Three mounting schemes of thin film photoconductors for picosecond optical detectors are presented. All have risetimes (10%–90%) which approach the 25 ps limit for sampling oscilloscopes.
Lab-on-a-chip with integrated optical transducers (2005)

Taking the next step from individual functional components to higher integrated devices, we present a feasibility study of a lab-on-a-chip system with five different components monolithically integrated on one substrate. These five components represent three main domains of microchip technology: optics, fluidics and electronics. In particular, this device includes an on-chip optically pumped liquid dye laser, waveguides and fluidic channels with passive diffusive mixers, all defined in one layer of SU-8 polymer, as well as embedded photodiodes in the silicon substrate. The dye laser emits light at 576 nm, which is directly coupled into five waveguides that bring the light to five different locations along a fluidic channel for absorbance measurements. The transmitted portion of the light is collected at the other side of this cuvette, again by waveguides, and finally detected by the photodiodes. Electrical read-out is accomplished by integrated metal connectors. To our knowledge, this is the first time that integration of all these components has been demonstrated.