gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A subset of antibodies targeting citrullinated proteins confers protection from rheumatoid arthritis (2023)

Although elevated levels of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the in vivo functions of these antibodies remain unclear. Here, we have expressed monoclonal ACPAs derived from patients with RA, and analyzed their functions in mice, as well as their specificities. None of the ACPAs showed arthritogenicity nor induced pain-associated behavior in mice. However, one of the antibodies, clone E4, protected mice from antibody-induced arthritis. E4 showed a binding pattern restricted to skin, macrophages and dendritic cells in lymphoid tissue, and cartilage derived from mouse and human arthritic joints. Proteomic analysis confirmed that E4 strongly binds to macrophages and certain RA synovial fluid proteins such as α-enolase. The protective effect of E4 was epitope-specific and dependent on the interaction between E4-citrullinated α-enolase immune complexes with FCGR2B on macrophages, resulting in increased IL-10 secretion and reduced osteoclastogenesis. These findings suggest that a subset of ACPAs have therapeutic potential in RA.
The Essential Role and the Continuous Evolution of Modulation Techniques for Voltage-Source Inverters in the Past, Present, and Future Power Electronics (2016)

The cost reduction of power-electronic devices, the increase in their reliability, efficiency, and power capability, and lower development times, together with more demanding application requirements, has driven the development of several new inverter topologies recently introduced in the industry, particularly medium-voltage converters. New more complex inverter topologies and new application fields come along with additional control challenges, such as voltage imbalances, power-quality issues, higher efficiency needs, and fault-tolerant operation, which necessarily requires the parallel development of modulation schemes. Therefore, recently, there have been significant advances in the field of modulation of dc/ac converters, which conceptually has been dominated during the last several decades almost exclusively by classic pulse-width modulation (PWM) methods. This paper aims to concentrate and discuss the latest developments on this exciting technology, to provide insight on where the state-of-the-art stands today, and analyze the trends and challenges driving its future.
CARBON BALANCE MODELING APPROACHES TO INTEGRATING THE EFFECTS OF FOLIAR PESTS, ENVIRONMENT, AND CULTURAL PRACTICES IN APPLES (2002)

ISHS VI International Symposium on Computer Modelling in Fruit Research and Orchard Management CARBON BALANCE MODELING APPROACHES TO INTEGRATING THE EFFECTS OF FOLIAR PESTS, ENVIRONMENT, AND CULTURAL PRACTICES IN APPLES
Brains of Aged Apolipoprotein E‐Deficient Mice Have Increased Levels of F2‐Isoprostanes, In Vivo Markers of Lipid Peroxidation (1999)

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is the major apolipoprotein of the CNS. Differential expression of apoE isoforms has been linked to longevity and to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Several studies have demonstrated that this glycoprotein is important in mature as well as in aging CNS, where it may serve neurotrophic and/or neuroprotective functions. Some reports have shown that apoE-deficient mice have age-dependent neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment; others have not confirmed these observations. ApoE-deficient mice also develop hypercholesterolemia on a chow diet and have in vivo increased plasma lipid peroxidation products. F2-isoprostanes are prostaglandin F2alpha isomers and chemically stable peroxidation products of arachidonic acid. Both isoprostane F2alpha-III and isoprostane F2alpha-VI were markedly elevated in the brains of aged apoE-deficient mice compared with either wild-type C57 Bl/6 mice or a distinct mouse model of hypercholesterolemia, the low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mouse. By contrast, no difference in isoprostane levels was observed in young apoE-deficient mice compared with age-matched wild-type control mice. Our findings indicate that disorder of lipid metabolism in the absence of apoE can induce an age-dependent increase in brain lipid peroxidation products.
Bi2WO6 Nano‐ and Microstructures: Shape Control and Associated Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Activities (2007)

The shape-controlled synthesis of nano- and microstructured materials has opened up new possibilities to improve their physical and chemical properties. In this work, new types of Bi(2)WO(6) with complex morphologies, namely, flowerlike, tyre- and helixlike, and platelike shapes, have been controllably synthesized by a facile hydrothermal process. The benefits of the present work also stem from the first report on the transformation of Bi(2)WO(6) from three-dimensional (3D) flowerlike superstructures to 2D platelike structures, and on the formation of tyre- and helixlike Bi(2)WO(6) superstructures. UV/Vis absorption spectra show that the optical properties of Bi(2)WO(6) samples are relevant to their size and shape. More importantly, the photocatalytic activities of Bi(2)WO(6) nano- and microstructures are strongly dependent on their shape, size, and structure for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible-light irradiation. The reasons for the differences in the photocatalytic activities of these Bi(2)WO(6) nano- and microstructures are further investigated.
Millisecond neodymium-glass laser characterized by a high output energy and a high directionality of radiation (1975)

A three-channel neodymium-glass laser system was developed. This system emitted quasicontinuous pulses of 10–3 sec duration. The output energy of the system was ~10 kJ and the radiation power density on a target zone of over 0.5 cm in size was 106–108 W/cm2. A high-power single-channel laser with a high directionality of the radiation was constructed using a telescopic resonator and a resonator with a confocal lens system. The output energy of this laser was ~ 4 kJ and the duration of the output pulses was 0.8×10–3 sec. The angular divergence of the output radiation was 3×10–4 rad. When this radiation was focused by a system composed of long-focus and short-focus lenses, the average (during a pulse) radiation power density in the focal plane was ~1011 W/cm2.
Using a supply usage relational database to reduce costs. (1997)

Relational database applications are valuable tools for tracking supply utilization patterns. This information can be used to standardize supplies and reduce utilization, thereby reducing costs and improving consistency. A supply usage database can generate comprehensive reports in a fraction of the time required to produce similar reports by other means. The reports can provide data sorted by patient, surgeon, procedure, product, or any other data field the user specifies, and the comprehensive data are a persuasive means for suggesting changes to supply utilization patterns to physicians.
Biosynthesis of antibiotics of the virginiamycin family. 7. Stereo- and regiochemical studies on the formation of the 3-hydroxypicolinic acid and pipecolic acid units (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiosynthesis of antibiotics of the virginiamycin family. 7. Stereo- and regiochemical studies on the formation of the 3-hydroxypicolinic acid and pipecolic acid unitsJosephine W. Reed, Michael B. Purvis, David G. I. Kingston, Andre Biot, and Francis GosseleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 5, 1161–1165Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00266a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00266a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views436Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MUTATIONS IN THE β-TUBULIN GENE OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE (1985)

Of 173 mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistant to the antimitotic drug benomyl (BenR), six also conferred cold-sensitivity for growth and three others conferred temperature-sensitivity for growth in the absence of benomyl. All of the benR mutations tested, including the nine conditional-lethal mutations, were shown to be in the same gene. This gene, TUB2, has previously been molecularly cloned and identified as the yeast structural gene encoding beta-tubulin. Four of the conditional-lethal alleles of TUB2 were mapped to particular restriction fragments within the gene. One of these mutations was cloned and sequenced, revealing a single amino acid change, from arginine to histidine at amino acid position 241, which is responsible for both the BenR and the cold-sensitive lethal phenotypes. The terminal arrest morphology of conditional-lethal alleles of TUB2 at their restrictive temperature showed a characteristic cell-division-cycle defect, suggesting a requirement for tubulin function primarily in mitosis during the vegetative growth cycle. The TUB2 gene was genetically mapped to the distal left arm of chromosome VI, very near the actin gene, ACT1; no CDC (cell-division-cycle) loci have been mapped previously to this location. TUB2 is thus the first cell-division-cycle gene known to encode a cytoskeletal protein that has been identified in S. cerevisiae.
In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Phenanthroindolizidine Alkaloids from Cynanchum vincetoxicum and Tylophora tanakae against Drug-Sensitive and Multidrug-Resistant Cancer Cells (2002)

Two known phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids, (-)-(R)-13aalpha-antofine (1) and (-)-(R)-13aalpha-6-O-desmethylantofine (2), and two new natural products, (-)-(R)-13aalpha-secoantofine (3) and (-)-(R)-13aalpha-6-O-desmethylsecoantofine (4), were isolated from Cynanchum vincetoxicum. The structures of all compounds were established by means of NMR methods including COSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC experiments, supported by HRMS and optical rotation data. Cytotoxic activity of the isolated alkaloids, and of three other alkaloids previously isolated from Tylophora tanakae, (-)-(R)-13aalpha-tylophorine (5), (-)-(R)-13aalpha-7-O-desmethyltylophorine (6), and (+)-(S)-13abeta-isotylocrebrine (7), was assessed in vitro using a drug-sensitive KB-3-1 and a multidrug-resistant KB-V1 cancer cell line. Structure-activity relationships in this series of alkaloids are discussed. The IC(50) values of some of the alkaloids are in the low nanomolar range, being thus comparable to the activity of clinically used cytotoxic drugs. Previously reported adverse side effects of these alkaloids could possibly be overcome by modern tissue-specific drug targeting techniques.
Triton: A Carrier-based Approach for Detecting and Mitigating Mobile Malware (2014)

The ubiquity of mobile devices and their evolution as computing platforms has made them lucrative targets for malware. Malware, such as spyware, trojans, rootkits and botnets that have traditionally plagued PCs are now increasingly targeting mobile devices and are also referred to as mobile malware. Cybercriminal attacks have used mobile malware trojans to steal and transmit users’ personal information, including financial credentials, to bot master servers as well as abuse the capabilities of the device (e.g., send premium SMS messages) to generate fraudulent revenue streams. In this paper, we describe Triton, a new, network-based architecture, and a prototype implementation of it, for detecting and mitigating mobile malware. Our implementation of Triton for both Android and Linux environments was built in our 3G UMTS lab network, and was found to efficiently detect and neutralize mobile malware when tested using real malware samples from the wild. Triton employs a defense-in-depth approach and features: 1) in-the- network malware detectors to identify and prevent the spread of malware and 2) a server-side mitigation engine that sends threat profiles to an on-the-phone trusted software component to neutralize and perform fine-grained remediation of malware on mobile devices. * This work was conducted while Arati Baliga was with the AT&T Security Research Center. Neil Daswani conducted this research while employed at Dasient. Twitter acquired Dasient in January 2012.
Improvement of FTJ on-current by work function engineering for massive parallel neuromorphic computing (2022)

HfO2-based ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) exhibit attractive properties for adoption in neuromorphic applications. The combination of ultra-low-power multi-level switching capability together with the low on-current density suggests the application in circuits for massive parallel computation. In this work, we discuss one example circuit of a differential synaptic cell featuring multiple parallel connected FTJ devices. Moreover, from the circuit requirements we deduce that the absolute difference in currents (Ion - Ioff) is a more critical figure of merit than the tunneling electroresistance ratio (TER). Based on this, we discuss the potential of FTJ device optimization by means of electrode work function engineering in bilayer HZO/Al2O3 FTJs.
Mass Spectrometric Identification of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Peptides (2013)

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring is a post-translational modification widely observed among eukaryotic membrane proteins. GPI anchors are attached to proteins via the carboxy-terminus in the outer leaflet of the cell membrane, where GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) perform important functions as coreceptors and enzymes. Precursors of GPI-APs (Pre-GPI-APs) contain a C-terminal hydrophobic sequence that is involved in cleavage of the signal sequence from the protein and addition of the GPI anchor by the transamidase complex. In order to confirm that a given protein contains a GPI anchor, it is essential to identify the C-terminal peptide containing the GPI-anchor modification site (ω-site). Previously, efficient identification of GPI-anchored C-terminal peptides by mass spectrometry has been difficult, in part because of complex structure of the GPI-anchor moiety. We developed a method to experimentally identify GPI-APs and their ω-sites. In this method, a part of GPI-anchor moieties are removed from GPI-anchored peptides using phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) and aqueous hydrogen fluoride (HF), and peptide sequence is then determined by mass spectrometry. Using this method, we successfully identified 10 GPI-APs and 12 ω-sites in the cultured ovarian adenocarcinoma cells, demonstrating that this method is useful for identifying efficiently GPI-APs.
Astringent Mouthfeel as a Consequence of Lubrication Failure (2016)

Abstract Herein, we systematically investigate the origin of astringent mouthfeel when we eat unripe fruits, drink coffee or tea, from the perspective of lubrication by simulating the dynamic weak interaction on the tongue with model protein (mucoprotein, MP) and polyphenolic compounds (tannic acid, TA). Astringency was due to the protein‐mediated lubrication failure when encountering polyphenolic molecules that normally exist, for example in unripe fruits, coffee, tea. The underlying molecular mechanism of oral tribology is widely present in nature and enables us to engineer a tongue‐like polyacrylamide composite hydrogel that exhibits high TA sensitivity and to develop a scientific strategy for catching slippery fish using TA‐containing gloves. These results provide novel and useful insights into the failure of biological boundary lubrication on soft tissue surface with the adsorbed proteins.
Ultrafast electrical switching of ferrimagnetic metals (Conference Presentation) (2017)

When electrons in a magnetic metal are driven far from equilibrium via ultrafast heating of the electrons, the magnetic order undergoes radical changes within tens of femtoseconds due to massive flows of energy and angular momentum between electrons, spins, and phonons. In ferrimagnetic metals such as GdFeCo, ultrafast optical heating can deterministically reverse the magnetization in less than a picosecond. In this talk, I describe our experimental work to gain a better understanding of how energy is exchanged between electrons, phonon, and spins in a magnetic metal following ultrafast heating. We use time-resolved measurements of the magneto-optic Kerr effect to record the response of ferro- and ferri-magnetic metals to heating via ultrafast optical or electrical pulses. Picosecond electrical pulses are generated with photoconductive Auston switches. By comparing the magnetic dynamics that result from electrical vs. optical heating, we identify differences in the rate of energy transfer to phonons from thermal vs. nonthermal electrons. We also find that both optical and electrical heating are effective for ultrafast switching of ferrimagnetic metals. We observe deterministic, repeatable ultrafast reversal of the magnetization of a GdFeCo thin film with a single sub-10 ps electrical pulse. The magnetization reverses in ~10 ps, which is more than one order of magnitude faster than other electrically controlled magnetic switching mechanisms.
Discrete time domain small-signal modeling of full-bridge phase-shifted series resonant converter (2010)

This paper provides an analytical discrete small-signal state-space model of the phase-shift modulated series resonant converter used to obtain an explicit linearized phase-shift to output voltage transfer function. This transfer function is useful for linear closed loop control design. Initially, the effective duty-ratio to output voltage transfer function is derived. It is then proven, analytically and through results, that it is linearly related to the phase-shift to output voltage which is the main research concern. The analysis is carried out using state-plane diagrams. Small-signal state-space model representation is derived which is used for closed loop controller gain calculations. Results validate the calculated control gains based on the proposed linearized model.
Abstract 441: Temporal profiling of a breast cancer cell line MCF-7 in response to reoxygenation (2010)

Abstract Oxygen fluctuation resulting from hyper-proliferation of tumor cells, abnormal metabolism and disorganized tumor neovasculature characterizes the microenvironment of many cancers, which influences tumor development and angiogenesis. Furthermore, this condition increases chemo-resistance and radio-resistance of tumor cells, and also associates with increased invasion and metastatic potential accompanied with a poor prognosis. Hypoxia/ reoxygenation induce oxidative stress, which leads to DNA damage and genomic instability. It is known that multiple cellular responses were activated in order to survive under this microenvironment, but little is known about the dynamic response upon reoxygenation. To investigate the dynamic response of signalling pathways in tumor adaptation, a breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was cultured under 0.5% oxygen condition 24 hours followed by reoxygenation, and was harvested at various time points during reoxygenation. Genome-wide microarray results revealed that 274 genes were differentially expressed during reoxygenation; 47.4% of them were up-regulated and 52.3% down-regulated. Furthermore, pathway analysis, including canonical pathway and gene network, were performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Selected genes of interest were validated by quantitative real-time PCR, such as hexokinase 2 (HK2) and cyclin D3 (CCND3). Survival analysis using clonogenic assay showed little effect of reoxygenation on MCF-7 cells, but proliferation was inhibited upon reoxygenation. Our result showed dynamic changes of MCF-7 gene expression and molecular pathways unpon reoxygenation, which shed some light on understanding of tumor adaptation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 441.
Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer: Correlation to Bone Marrow Micrometastases, Heterogeneous Response to Systemic Therapy and Low Proliferative Activity (2005)

Circulating tumor cells seem to be nonproliferating cells that persist during chemotherapy. Circulating tumor cell detection is linked to disease progression and elevated tumor marker concentrations in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Revised Salmonella nomenclature: designation of Salmonella enterica (ex Kauffmann and Edwards 1952) Le Minor and Popoff 1987 sp. nov. nom. rev. as the neotype species of the genus Salmonella Lignieres 1900 (Approv Lists 1980), rejection of the name Salmonella choleraesuis (Smith 1894) Weldin 1927 (Approved Lists 1980), and conservation of the name Salmonella typhi (Schroeter 1886) Warren and Scott 1930 (Approved Lists 1980). Request for an Opinion (1999)

The Request for an Opinion by Le Minor and Popoff 1987, proposing designation of 'Salmonella enterica' (ex Kauffman and Edwards 1952) Le Minor and Popoff 1987 as the type and only species of the genus Salmonella Lignieres 1900 (Approved Lists 1980), has not been positively decided upon by the Judicial Commission. However, many bacteriologists use the name 'Salmonella enterica'. To avoid further confusion, it is requested to reject the name Salmonella choleraesuis (Smith 1894) Weldin 1927 (Approved Lists 1980), to recognize the species Salmonella enterica, to conserve the name Salmonella typhi (Schroeter 1886) Warren and Scott 1930 (Approved Lists 1980), and to emend the genus Salmonella with the establishment of a neotype species, Salmonella enterica.
Bridged cis‐Tris‐σ‐homobenzenes: Heterodiademanes (1989)

The flexible reaction sequence leading from cyclooctatetraene to azadiademane 1 takes repeated advantage of typical “cage effects”. The thermal stability of compound 1, R1  SiMe3, R2  OMe, is unusually high. A cycloreversion, as is found for C analogues, was not observed.
Tagged Phosphine Reagents to Assist Reaction Work‐Up by Phase‐Switched Scavenging Using a Modular Flow Reactor. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.