gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dietary Supplementation Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Ischemic Stroke Model (2008)

This study examined whether dietary supplementation can be used to protect against ischemic stroke. Two groups of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats initially received NT-020, a proprietary formulation of blueberry, green tea, Vitamin D3, and carnosine (n = 8), or vehicle (n = 7). Dosing for NT-020 and vehicle consisted of daily oral administration (using a gavage) over a 2-week period. On day 14 following the last drug treatment, all animals underwent the stroke surgery using the transient 1-hour suture occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCAo). To reveal the functional effects of NT-020, animals were subjected to established behavioral tests just prior to stroke surgery and again on day 14 post-stroke. ANOVA revealed significant treatment effects (p < 0.05), characterized by reductions of 11.8% and 24.4% in motor asymmetry and neurologic dysfunction, respectively, in NT-020-treated stroke animals compared to vehicle-treated stroke animals. Evaluation of cerebral infarction revealed a significant 75% decrement in mean glial scar area in the ischemic striatum of NT-020-treated stroke animals compared to that of vehicle-treated stroke animals (p < 0.0005). Quantitative analysis of subventricular zone's cell proliferative activity revealed at least a one-fold increment in the number of BrdU-positive cells in the NT-020-treated stroke brains compared to vehicle-treated stroke brains (p < 0.0005). Similarly, quantitative analysis of BrdU labeling in the ischemic striatal penumbra revealed at least a three-fold increase in the number of BrdU-positive cells in the NT-020-treated stroke brains compared to vehicle-treated stroke brains (p < 0.0001). In addition, widespread double labeling of cells with BrdU and doublecortin was detected in NT-020-treated stroke brains (intact side 17% and ischemic side 75%), which was significantly higher than those seen in vehicle-treated stroke brains (intact side 5% and ischemic side 13%) (p < 0.05). In contrast, only a small number of cells in NT-020-treated stroke brains double labeled with BrdU and GFAP (intact side 1% and ischemic side 2%), which was significantly lower than those vehicle-treated stroke brains (intact side 18% and ischemic side 35%) (p < 0.0001). Endogenous neurogenic factors were also significantly upregulated in the ischemic brains of NT-020-treated stroke animals. These data demonstrate the remarkable neuroprotective effects of NT-020 when given prior to stroke, possibly acting via its neurogenic potential.
A Robust Homotopy Continuation Method for Seeking All Real Roots of Unconstrained Systems of Nonlinear Algebraic and Transcendental Equations (2011)

A new homotopy developed for finding all real roots to a single nonlinear equation is extended to a system of nonlinear algebraic and transcendental equations written as f{x} = 0 to find all real roots, including those on isolas. To reach roots that may lie on isolas, the functions are squared. This causes all roots to be bifurcation points that are connected to each other through stemming branches. As a result, a new system of homotopy functions, including numerous bifurcation points, is formed as H{x,t} = (x − x0)(1 + f2 − t), where x0 is the starting point. Because the functions are squared, many systems of equations must be solved to find a starting point on a reduced system of homotopy functions written as H{x,t} = 1 + f2 − t. Therefore, robustness is achieved at the expense of increased computation time. To improve the efficiency of the algorithm, the Levenberg−Marquardt method is used to find the starting point for the reduced homotopy system by solving a system of nonlinear equations with the degree of freedom equal to one. Then, a continuation method is used to track the paths from the resulting starting point to seek at least one root. Because all roots are bifurcation points, tracking the stemming branches from each subsequent root is the final step. The new algorithm was able to find successfully all the reported roots for 20 test problems that included a variety of algebraic and transcendental terms. In some cases additional roots were obtained.
Supplementary Table 1 from SPOP-Mutated/CHD1-Deleted Lethal Prostate Cancer and Abiraterone Sensitivity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;SPOP mutation identified in this cohort.&lt;/p&gt;
Fiber Optic Monitoring of Pipeline Subsidence: Analysis of Effective Sensor Cable Deployments (2014)

Long range, distributed fiber optic sensing systems have been an available tool for more than a decade to monitor pipeline subsidence integrity challenges. Effective deployment scenarios are an important decision to be factored into the selection of this monitoring equipment and typologies relative to specific project needs. In an effort to analyze the effectiveness of various fiber optic deployment conditions, a controlled field experiment was conducted. Within this field experiment, a variety of distributed fiber optic sensors and point sensors were deployed in predefined positions. These positions relative to the pipeline were selected to support a range of deployment needs including new construction or retrofitting of existing pipelines. A 16-inch diameter by 60-meter long epoxy coated pipeline that was capable of being pressurized to mimic operating conditions was utilized. This test pipe was installed in a typical trench setting. Conventional point gauges were installed at key locations on the pipeline. Fiber optic sensor cables were installed at key locations providing 14 alternative scenarios in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, and cost. After construction of the test pipeline, real time continuous monitoring via the array of conventional and fiber optic sensors commenced. A deep trench was excavated adjacent and parallel to the central portion of the pipeline which began to induce subsidence in the test pipeline. Continued monitoring of the various sensors produced real time visualization of the evolving subsidence. A comparison of the reaction of the sensors is compiled to provide an intelligent selection criteria for integrity managers in terms of accuracy, deployment, and costs for pipeline subsidence monitoring projects. In addition, further analysis of this sensor data should provide more insight into pipeline/soil interaction models and behaviors.
A Knowledge-Based Clustering Algorithm Driven by Gene Ontology (2004)

We have developed an algorithm for inferring the degree of similarity between genes by using the graph-based structure of Gene Ontology (GO). We applied this knowledge-based similarity metric to a clique-finding algorithm for detecting sets of related genes with biological classifications. We also combined it with an expression-based distance metric to produce a co-cluster analysis, which accentuates genes with both similar expression profiles and similar biological characteristics and identifies gene clusters that are more stable and biologically meaningful. These algorithms are demonstrated in the analysis of MPRO cell differentiation time series experiments.
Low-Power Design of Nanometer FPGAs: Architecture and EDA (2009)

Low-Power Design of Nanometer FPGAs Architecture and EDA is an invaluable reference for researchers and practicing engineers concerned with power-efficient, FPGA design. State-of-the-art power reduction techniques for FPGAs will be described and compared. These techniques can be applied at the circuit, architecture, and electronic design automation levels to describe both the dynamic and leakage power sources and enable strategies for codesign.



Low-power techniques presented at key FPGA design levels for circuits, architectures, and electronic design automation, form critical, bridge guidelines for codesign

Comprehensive review of leakage-tolerant techniques empowers designers to minimize power dissipation

Provides valuable tools for estimating power efficiency/savings of current, low-power FPGA design techniques
Deoligomerization of siloxanes with dimethyl carbonate over solid-base catalysts (2001)

Hexamethyldisiloxane and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane were almost completely deoligomerized with dimethyl carbonate over alumina-supported potassium fluoride catalyst to form methoxytrimethylsilane (85% yield) and dimethoxydimethylsilane (94% yield), respectively, and moreover the addition of a small amount of methanol to the hexamethyldisiloxane deoligomerization reaction enhanced the methoxytrimethylsilane yield to 98%.
Early‐onset calorie restriction conserves fiber number in aging rat skeletal muscle (2004)

The purpose of this work was to determine the effect of early-onset calorie restriction on sarcopenia in the aging rat. Ad libitum (AL) fed animals were examined at 5, 18, 21, and 36 months of age. Calorie-restricted (CR) rats, 40% restricted since 4 months of age, were examined at 21 and 36 months of age. By 36 months, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and soleus muscles, from AL-fed rats, had significant muscle mass and fiber loss, and reduced muscle cross-sectional area. Mean fiber diameter decreased with age in the vastus lateralis and rectus femoris but not the soleus of AL-fed rats. The number of Type I fibers significantly increased in the vastus lateralis with age. Calorie restriction did not prevent muscle mass loss with age; however, it significantly reduced muscle mass loss between 21 and 36 months of age compared with age-matched AL cohorts. Calorie restriction prevented fiber loss with age, and this conservation of fiber number reduced muscle mass loss with age.
Physical-Layer Arithmetic for Federated Learning in Uplink MU-MIMO Enabled Wireless Networks (2020)

Federated learning is a very promising machine learning paradigm where a large number of clients cooperatively train a global model using their respective local data. In this paper, we consider the application of federated learning in wireless networks featuring uplink multiuser multiple-input and multiple-output (MU-MIMO), and aim at optimizing the communication efficiency during the aggregation of client-side updates by exploiting the inherent superposition of radio frequency (RF) signals. We propose a novel approach named Physical-Layer Arithmetic (PhyArith), where the clients encode their local updates into aligned digital sequences which are converted into RF signals for sending to the server simultaneously, and the server directly recovers the exact summation of these updates as required from the superimposed RF signal by employing a customized sum-product algorithm. PhyArith is compatible with commodity devices due to the use of full digital operation in both the client-side encoding and the server-side decoding processes, and can also be integrated with other updates compression based acceleration techniques. Simulation results show that PhyArith further improves the communication efficiency by 1.5 to 3 times for training LeNet-5, compared with solutions only applying updates compression.
Designing short tapered waveguide adapters for Ge lasers and Ge/SiGe modulators integrated with SOI waveguides (2012)

We study optical mode propagation in vertically-coupled lateral tapers, which act as mode adapters between SOI waveguides and epitaxial Ge or SiGe layers for applications in laser cavities and optical modulators. We find that the taper length at which the loss tends to zero is strongly dependent on the thickness of the epitaxial layer, and we describe designs for modified tapers, which act as efficient mode adapters and are significantly shorter than linear tapers.
In vivo MRI of cancer cell fate at the single‐cell level in a mouse model of breast cancer metastasis to the brain (2006)

Metastasis (the spread of cancer from a primary tumor to secondary organs) is responsible for most cancer deaths. The ability to follow the fate of a population of tumor cells over time in an experimental animal would provide a powerful new way to monitor the metastatic process. Here we describe a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that permits the tracking of breast cancer cells in a mouse model of brain metastasis at the single-cell level. Cancer cells that were injected into the left ventricle of the mouse heart and then delivered to the brain were detectable on MR images. This allowed the visualization of the initial delivery and distribution of cells, as well as the growth of tumors from a subset of these cells within the whole intact brain volume. The ability to follow the metastatic process from the single-cell stage through metastatic growth, and to quantify and monitor the presence of solitary undivided cells will facilitate progress in understanding the mechanisms of brain metastasis and tumor dormancy, and the development of therapeutics to treat this disease.
High-Temperature Elastic Properties of Yttrium-Doped Barium Zirconate (2021)

The elastic properties of 0, 10, 15, and 20 mol% yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BZY0, BZY10, BZY15, and BZY20) at the operating temperatures of protonic ceramic fuel cells were evaluated. The proposed measurement method for low sinterability materials could accurately determine the sonic velocities of small-pellet-type samples, and the elastic properties were determined based on these velocities. The Young’s modulus of BZY10, BZY15, and BZY20 was 224, 218, and 209 GPa at 20 °C, respectively, and the values decreased as the yttrium concentration increased. At high temperatures (&gt;20 °C), as the temperature increased, the Young’s and shear moduli decreased, whereas the bulk modulus and Poisson’s ratio increased. The Young’s and shear moduli varied nonlinearly with the temperature: The values decreased rapidly from 100 to 300 °C and gradually at temperatures beyond 400 °C. The Young’s modulus of BZY10, BZY15, and BZY20 was 137, 159, and 122 GPa at 500 °C, respectively, 30–40% smaller than the values at 20 °C. The influence of the temperature was larger than that of the change in the yttrium concentration.
Le modèle d’intervention (1998)

Les quelques modèles d’intervention pour les clientèles « poquées » des services publics sont inadéquats parce qu’ils ont été conçus dans une optique médicale ou pour la pratique en bureau privé. Ce livre a comme objectif de combler cette lacune en offrant une approche taillée sur mesure pour ces clientèles, approche fondée sur l’expérience de l’auteur comme praticien et formateur dans un contexte de services publics. La nature et la gravité des problèmes rencontrés dans les se
Front Matter: Volume 10089 (2017)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 10089, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and Conference Committee listing.
Real-Time Micro-Weather Factors of Growing Field to the Epidemics of Rice Blast (2002)

벼 도열병 발병 모의 실황 포장을 발병 상습지(안동대 실험포장; 산간 협곡 위치한 천수답)에 설정하여 벼 식물생육군락(일품벼 공시)의 실황 기상자료를 무인기상관측 장치를 통해 수집, 가공하여 도열병 발병에 미치는 기상요인의 가변값을 추정, 분석하였다. 기상요소 측정은 시험포장에 무인기상관측장치를 설치하여 매시단위로 기온, 상대습도, 일사량, 강우량, 풍향, 풍속, 지온, 잎습전지속 시간 등을 측정하였다. 각 기상요인중 도열병 발병에 가장 많은 영향을 미친 것은 발병 전 10일간 평균최고기온으로 결정계수 0.95＊을 나타냈으며, 도열병 발병에 영향을 가장 미치지 않은 요인은 풍속으로 결정계수 0.24<TEX>$^{ns}$</TEX> 로 나타났다. 도열병 발병과 병 진전에 가장 높은 유의성을 보인 기상요인은 평균온도(T-ave), 최고온도(T-max), 상대습도(RH), 상대습도 90%이상인 누적시간(RD) 등이었으며, 이들을 이용한 통계적 모형은 아래와 같다. Y = -3410.91 - 23.91 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> T-ave ＋ 28.56 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> T-max ＋ 41.0 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> RH - 3.75 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> RD, (<TEX>$R^2$</TEX>= 0.99＊), (T-ave >= 19<TEX>$^{\circ}C$</TEX> and T-max - T-ave >= 5.2<TEX>$^{\circ}C$</TEX> and RH% >= 90.4%. 발병모형과 발병심각도의 적합도 검정(<TEX>$\chi$</TEX><TEX>$^2$</TEX>)은 유의도 0.001로 발병모형이 실제 발병 심각도와 유사함을 나타내었다. It was investigated on the relationship of the rice blast epidemics and the real-time meteorological factors, at the experimental paddy field in 1997. Weather factors(temperature, relative humidity, irradiation, precipitation, the direction of wind, wind speed, soil temperature and leaf-wetness, etc) were measured by using the automated weather station. The most influenced weather factor to blast epidemics, was the average max-temp(<TEX>$R^2$</TEX>= 0.95) during 10 days before leaf blast epidemics, while the least thing was wind speed(<TEX>$R^2$</TEX>= 0.24). The most potential weather factors correlated with the blast epidemics were T-ave(average temperature), T-max(maximum temperature), RH(Relative Humidity) and RD(Relative Humidity > 90% hrs). A statistics model(the regression equation) of the blast epidemics with the potential weather factors, was established as tallows ; Y = -3410.91 - 23.91 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> T-ave ＋ 28.56 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> T-max ＋ 41.0 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> RH - 3.75 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> RD, (<TEX>$R^2$</TEX>= 0.99). (T-ave >= 19<TEX>$^{\circ}C$</TEX>, T-max - T-ave >= 5.2<TEX>$^{\circ}C$</TEX> and RH% >= 90.4%). According to the fitness test(<TEX>$\chi$</TEX><TEX>$^2$</TEX>) of the model, the observed blast disease severity was quite close to those expected.
Initial clinical validation of a hybrid in silico—in vitro cardiorespiratory simulator for comprehensive testing of mechanical circulatory support systems (2022)

Simulators are expected to assume a prominent role in the process of design-development and testing of cardiovascular medical devices. For this purpose, simulators should capture the complexity of human cardiorespiratory physiology in a realistic way. High fidelity simulations of pathophysiology do not only allow to test the medical device itself, but also to advance practically relevant monitoring and control features while the device acts under realistic conditions. We propose a physiologically controlled cardiorespiratory simulator developed in a mixed <i>in silico</i>-<i>in vitro</i> simulation environment. As inherent to this approach, most of the physiological model complexity is implemented <i>in silico</i> while the <i>in vitro</i> system acts as an interface to connect a medical device. As case scenarios, severe heart failure was modeled, at rest and at exercise and as medical device a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) was connected to the simulator. As initial validation, the simulator output was compared against clinical data from chronic heart failure patients supported by an LVAD, that underwent different levels of exercise tests with concomitant increase in LVAD speed. Simulations were conducted reproducing the same protocol as applied in patients, in terms of exercise intensity and related LVAD speed titration. Results show that the simulator allows to capture the principal parameters of the main adaptative cardiovascular and respiratory processes within the human body occurring from rest to exercise. The simulated functional interaction with the LVAD is comparable to the one clinically observed concerning ventricular unloading, cardiac output, and pump flow. Overall, the proposed simulation system offers a high fidelity <i>in silico</i>-<i>in vitro</i> representation of the human cardiorespiratory pathophysiology. It can be used as a test bench to comprehensively analyze the performance of physically connected medical devices simulating clinically realistic, critical scenarios, thus aiding in the future the development of physiologically responding, patient-adjustable medical devices. Further validation studies will be conducted to assess the performance of the simulator in other pathophysiological conditions.
High Performance Computing Prediction of Potential Natural Product Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Key Targets (2020)

This work describes using a supercomputer to perform virtual screening of natural products and natural products derivatives against several conformations of 3 proteins of SARS-CoC-2 : papain-like protease, main protease and spike protein. We analyze the common chemical features of the top molecules predicted to bind and describe the pharmacophores responsible for the predicted binding.
Attrition and carbon formation on iron catalysts (1994)

A serious engineering problem that needs to be addressed in the scale-up of slurry-phase, Fischer-Tropsch reactors is attrition of the precipitated iron catalyst. Attrition, which can break down the catalyst into particles too small to filter, results from both mechanical and chemical forces. This study examines the chemical causes of attrition in iron catalysts. A bench-scale, slurry-phase CSTR is used to simulate operating conditions that lead to attrition of the catalyst. The average particle size and size distribution of the catalyst samples are used to determine the effect of slurry temperature, reducing gas, gas flow rate and time upon attrition of the catalyst. Carbon deposition, a possible contributing factor to attrition, has been examined using gravimetric analysis and TEM. Conditions affecting the rate of carbon deposition have been compared to those leading to attrition of the precipitated iron catalyst.
A cone-based distributed topology-control algorithm for wireless multi-hop networks (2005)

The topology of a wireless multi-hop network can be controlled by varying the transmission power at each node. In this paper, we give a detailed analysis of a cone-based distributed topology-control (CBTC) algorithm. This algorithm does not assume that nodes have GPS information available; rather it depends only on directional information. Roughly speaking, the basic idea of the algorithm is that a node u transmits with the minimum power p/sub u,/spl alpha// required to ensure that in every cone of degree /spl alpha/ around u, there is some node that u can reach with power p/sub u,/spl alpha//. We show that taking /spl alpha/=5/spl pi//6 is a necessary and sufficient condition to guarantee that network connectivity is preserved. More precisely, if there is a path from s to t when every node communicates at maximum power then, if /spl alpha//spl les/5/spl pi//6, there is still a path in the smallest symmetric graph G/sub /spl alpha// containing all edges (u,v) such that u can communicate with v using power p/sub u,/spl alpha//. On the other hand, if /spl alpha/>5/spl pi//6, connectivity is not necessarily preserved. We also propose a set of optimizations that further reduce power consumption and prove that they retain network connectivity. Dynamic reconfiguration in the presence of failures and mobility is also discussed. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm and the optimizations.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Chromenylurea and Chromanylurea Derivatives as Anti-TNF-α agents that Target the p38 MAPK Pathway (2014)

A series of 1-aryl-3-(2H-chromen-5-yl)urea and 1-aryl-3-(chroman-5-yl)urea derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activities towards TNF-α production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells. The most active compound, 40g, inhibited TNF-α release with an IC50 value of 0.033 μM, which is equipotent to that of BIRB796 (IC50 = 0.032 μM).
Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Hydrogel Nanoparticles: Synthetic Antibodies for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy (2021)

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and according to the World Health Organization (WHO) accounted for 10 million deaths in 2020. Promising theranostic (therapy and diagnostic) agents in the treatment of cancer are nanomaterials, which have come to the forefront because of their small size approaching those of protein complexes in the human body, and of their easy functionalization giving access to nanocomposite materials with diverse functions (fluorescence, magnetic, stimuli-responsiveness, etc.), and improved biocompatibility. Among them, affinity nanoparticles, often decorated with highly specific targeting ligands such as antibodies, aptamers, lectins and peptides, have enabled enhanced binding and exquisite recognition of biomarkers overexpressed in cancer cells. In this review, we describe an emerging class of targeting ligands, molecularly imprinted polymer hydrogel nanoparticles for their application in the early detection of disease, with the aim to improve diagnosis and treatment.