gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data sketching for tracking large-scale dynamical processes (2015)

In a time when data increase massively in their volume, variety, and velocity, performing inference tasks by utilizing the available information in its entirety is not always an affordable option. The present paper proposes a data-driven measurement selection scheme to render tracking of large-scale dynamic processes affordable, by processing a reduced number of data. The proposed method processes observations sequentially, and extracts a low-complexity sketch that can be implemented in real-time. Furthermore, a low-complexity smoothing is developed as a means of mitigating the error performance degradation caused by dimensionality reduction. Simulations on synthetic data, compare the proposed methods with competing alternatives, and corroborate their efficacy in terms of estimation accuracy versus complexity reduction.
Collaboration Structures in COVID-19 Critical Care: Retrospective Network Analysis Study (2021)

Background Few intensive care unit (ICU) staffing studies have examined the collaboration structures of health care workers (HCWs). Knowledge about how HCWs are connected to the care of critically ill patients with COVID-19 is important for characterizing the relationships among team structures, care quality, and patient safety. Objective We aimed to discover differences in the teamwork structures of COVID-19 critical care by comparing HCW collaborations in the management of critically ill patients with and without COVID-19. Methods In this retrospective study, we used network analysis methods to analyze the electronic health records (EHRs) of 76 critically ill patients (with COVID-19: n=38; without COVID-19: n=38) who were admitted to a large academic medical center, and to learn about HCW collaboration. We used the EHRs of adult patients who were admitted to the COVID-19 ICU at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (Nashville, Tennessee, United States) between March 17, 2020, and May 31, 2020. We matched each patient according to age, gender, and their length of stay. Patients without COVID-19 were admitted to the medical ICU between December 1, 2019, and February 29, 2020. We used two sociometrics—eigencentrality and betweenness—to quantify HCWs’ statuses in networks. Eigencentrality characterizes the degree to which an HCW is a core person in collaboration structures. Betweenness centrality refers to whether an HCW lies on the path of other HCWs who are not directly connected. This sociometric was used to characterize HCWs’ broad skill sets. We measured patient staffing intensity in terms of the number of HCWs who interacted with patients’ EHRs. We assessed the statistical differences in the core and betweenness statuses of HCWs and the patient staffing intensities of COVID-19 and non–COVID-19 critical care, by using Mann-Whitney U tests and reporting 95% CIs. Results HCWs in COVID-19 critical care were more likely to frequently work with each other (eigencentrality: median 0.096) than those in non–COVID-19 critical care (eigencentrality: median 0.057; P&lt;.001). Internal medicine physicians in COVID-19 critical care had higher core statuses than those in non–COVID-19 critical care (P=.001). Nurse practitioners in COVID-19 care had higher betweenness statuses than those in non–COVID-19 care (P&lt;.001). Compared to HCWs in non–COVID-19 settings, the EHRs of critically ill patients with COVID-19 were used by a larger number of internal medicine nurse practitioners (P&lt;.001), cardiovascular nurses (P&lt;.001), and surgical ICU nurses (P=.002) and a smaller number of resident physicians (P&lt;.001). Conclusions Network analysis methodologies and data on EHR use provide a novel method for learning about differences in collaboration structures between COVID-19 and non–COVID-19 critical care. Health care organizations can use this information to learn about the novel changes that the COVID-19 pandemic has imposed on collaboration structures in urgent care.
Low Complexity Detectors for Spread Spectrum Receivers (2018)

In the context of the recent solutions proposed in the 3GPP for standardization group on NOMA (Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access) schemes, this paper discusses different approaches for implementing an approximate spread spectrum MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) detector. In addition, the implication of such detectors on the signal design is presented.
Long-term dutasteride therapy in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia alters glucose and lipid profiles and increases severity of erectile dysfunction (2017)

Background Dutasteride has been successfully used in treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, dutasteride inhibits 5α-reductase type 1 and type 2 enzymes and may compromises glucocorticoids and androgen metabolism and alters metabolic function resulting in undesirable metabolic and sexual adverse side effects. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term adverse effects of dutasteride therapy in men with BPH on: i) blood glucose, ii) glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), iii) low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C); high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC), iv) testosterone (T), v) liver alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (ALT and AST) and vi) erectile dysfunction (ED). Methods A retrospective registry study, with a cohort of 230 men aged between 47 and 68 years (mean 57.78 ± 4.81) were treated with dutasteride (0.5 mg/day) for LUTS, secondary to BPH. A second cohort of 230 men aged between 52 and 72 years (mean 62.62 ± 4.65) were treated with tamsulosin (0.4 mg). All men were followed up for 36-42 months. At intervals of 3-6 months, and at each visit, plasma glucose, HbA1c, TC, LDL-cholesterol, T levels and liver alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined. Further patient assessment was made by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) questionnaire, the Aging Male Symptom (AMS) and International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS). Results Long-term treatment with dutasteride therapy is associated with significant improvements in LUTS, as assessed by reduction in prostate volume, IPSS and prostate specific antigen (PSA). Long-term dutasteride therapy, however, resulted in increased blood glucose, HbA1c, TC and LDL levels, ALT and AST activities, AMS Score and reduced T levels and worsened ED as assessed by the IIEF-EF scores. No worsening of ED, glucose, HbA1c, ALT, AST, AMS were observed in men treated with tamsulosin. Most importantly, long-term dutasteride therapy resulted in reduction in total T levels, contributing to a state of hypogonadism. Conclusion Our findings suggest that long-term dutasteride therapy produces worsening of ED, reduced T levels and increased glucose, HbA1c and alters lipid profiles, suggesting induced imbalance in metabolic function. We strongly recommend that physicians discuss with their patients these potential serious adverse effects of long-term dutasteride therapy prior to instituting this form of treatment.
Density measurement of W thin films coating by combination of ion beam analysis and scanning electron microscopy (2005)

W-Cu-W sandwich coatings are prepared by d.c. magnetron sputtering and the film density is evaluated by RBS and scanning electron spectroscopy measurements. In order to improve the film density up to the bulk density and obtain a dense metallic coating, it is necessary and effective to optimize the deposition parameters, such as, increasing target power and decreasing Ar working pressure. The reduction of the film density from its bulk density is induced by microstructure change and incorporated impurity gas, such as oxygen and argon. When film density is increased, oxygen contamination, due to wall desorption or sample storage in air, decreases.
Light scattering from a spherical particle on a conducting plane: I Normal incidence (1992)

An efficient procedure is developed for calculating light scattering from a spherical particle on a conducting plane. The problem is converted into an equivalent two-particle scattering problem by the method of images. The scattering solution for this two-particle problem is then obtained by the multipole expansion method. Mirror symmetry is exploited to simplify the calculation. Formulas are developed for the differential-scattering cross section and for the extinction and the absorption cross sections. Several example problems are calculated, and the exact solutions are compared with the results from two approximation procedures.
Phase Conjugate Optics. (1984)

The purpose of this program is to study both theoretically and experimentally the use of phase conjugate optics for information processing and image transmission applications. The objectives are to analyze and develop phase conjugation techniques for optical signal processing, and to determine the usefulness of phase conjugation for restoring spatial information transmitted over multimode optical fibers, and to study real-time optical convolution and correlation of spatially modulated input waves. (Author)
β-Diketones in Ring Formation, Part IV. (1931)

β-Diketones in Ring Formation, Part IV.
Synthesis of chiral polycyclic N-heterocycles via gold(i)-catalyzed 1,6-enyne cyclization/intramolecular nucleophilic addition (2022)

Cycloisomerization of <i>N</i>-tethered indole- and dihydropyrrole-arylpropargyl substrates into complex polycycles was investigated by using gold(I) catalysis. Enantioselectivities up to 93% ee were obtained in the asymmetric version of this process. DFT calculations rationalized the reactivity observed for the formation of such complex molecular frameworks.
Temperature distributions produced by scanning Gaussian laser beams (1984)

A general solution is presented for the temperature rise produced by the absorption of a scanning Gaussian laser beam in a solid target. In normalized coordinates, the temperature rise is found to depend only on the ratio of the scan speed to the rate of heat diffusion in the solid and the ratio of the beam radius to the absorption depth. For slow scan speeds the solution simplifies to the steady-state approximation in which the power input is balanced by heat conduction into the solid. For fast scan speeds the solution approaches the energy density limit in which the temperature rise is proportional to the integrated beam intensity. For highly absorbing materials the solution simplifies to the surface absorption approximation. The general solution demonstrates the conditions under which each approximation can be used. Similar solutions are found for the related case of pulsed exposure by a stationary beam. The solution is demonstrated experimentally by exposing thermal paper with a CO2 laser.
An Improved Simplex Method (2007)

An improved simplex method(ISM)based on Nelder and Mead's simplex method(N-M SM) is presented for unconstrained function optimization.In the ISM,the reflection center is located based on the information of the objective function values,so the reflection direction points to the optimal value more closely.The comparison between ISM and the N-M SM shows that the ISM can accelerate the convergence and meliorate the quality of the optimization.
Newer Thermoforming Technologies (1996)

No AccessTechnology of ThermoformingJul 1996Newer Thermoforming TechnologiesJames L. ThroneJames L. ThroneSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446402478.009SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 1996Pages: 648-747Print ISBN: 978-3-446-17812-0eISBN: 978-3-446-40247-8 Copyright & Permissions© 1996 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Classification Accuracy of Biomarkers of Compliance (2019)

TNE and total cotinine are better classifiers of compliance than anatabine. These results will be useful in determining biomarker thresholds for identifying noncompliance and will aid in the interpretation of future RCTs of VLNC cigarettes.
Vitex agnus castus L.,—traditional drug and actual indications (1998)

There is a long tradition for the use of different preparations of drugs of Vitex agnus castus in complementary medicine in Europe. The indications in disorders of the female sexual cycle have been confirmed by experimental and clinical results. The activity of hitherto unidentified constituents of the ethanol seed extract could be localized within the pituitary–gonadal axis. Research in pituitary cell assays further elucidated a dopaminergic inhibition of prolactin synthesis and/or release. The effective administration of ethanol seed extracts against mastodynia and symptoms related to female cycle disorders with concomitant hyperprolactinaemia has been documented and awaits further establishment. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preclinical Characterization of G1T28: A Novel CDK4/6 Inhibitor for Reduction of Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression (2016)

Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression continues to represent the major dose-limiting toxicity of cytotoxic chemotherapy, which can be manifested as neutropenia, lymphopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. As such, myelosuppression is the source of many of the adverse side effects of cancer treatment including infection, sepsis, bleeding, and fatigue, thus resulting in the need for hospitalizations, hematopoietic growth factor support, and transfusions (red blood cells and/or platelets). Moreover, clinical concerns raised by myelosuppression commonly lead to chemotherapy dose reductions, therefore limiting therapeutic dose intensity, and reducing the antitumor effectiveness of the treatment. Currently, the only course of treatment for myelosuppression is growth factor support which is suboptimal. These treatments are lineage specific, do not protect the bone marrow from the chemotherapy-inducing cytotoxic effects, and the safety and toxicity of each agent is extremely specific. Here, we describe the preclinical development of G1T28, a novel potent and selective CDK4/6 inhibitor that transiently and reversibly regulates the proliferation of murine and canine bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and provides multilineage protection from the hematologic toxicity of chemotherapy. Furthermore, G1T28 does not decrease the efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapy on RB1-deficient tumors. G1T28 is currently in clinical development for the reduction of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in first- and second-line treatment of small-cell lung cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(5); 783-93. ©2016 AACR.
VITREOUS SUBSTITUTE (1984)

We studied a synthetic hydrogel, PHEA [poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate)], experimentally. The material is transparent, autoclavable, highly viscous, nonabsorbable, easily injectable, cohesive, and does not' fragment on passage through small-gauge needles. Results in animal studies revealed that injection of PHEA into the vitreous cavity promoted inflammatory changes such as vitreous haziness, membrane formation, and chorioretinal atrophy. Histopathologic studies showed extensive retinal disorganization, chorioretinal scarring, and vitritis. We reviewed the literature and concluded that an ideal vitreous substitute for long-term use in complex cases of retinal detachment is not available at this time.
Hemostatic Abnormalities and Changes Following Bone Marrow Transplantation (2004)

Hemostatic parameters were examined in 39 patients who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Twenty-six patients survived and 13 patients died within 6 months after BMT. The main causes of death were acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD: n=6), veno-occlusive disease (VOD: n=2), and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA: n=2). Plasma levels of D-dimer and thrombomodulin (TM) were significantly elevated in the non-survivor group. Plasma levels of soluble fibrin (SF) and Fas were significantly elevated in the non-survivor group at 1 to 4 weeks after BMT. Plasma levels of thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), D-dimer, and tissue plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 complex (tPA-PAI-1 complex) were significantly elevated in patients with complications after BMT. Plasma levels of TAT, D-dimer, and tPA-PAI-1 complex were significantly elevated in patients with GVHD. These results suggest that abnormalities of hemostatic parameters might predict poor outcomes or complications in patients with BMT.
Fault-tolerant control strategy for actuator faults using LPV techniques: Application to a two degree of freedom helicopter (2012)

Fault-tolerant control strategy for actuator faults using LPV techniques: Application to a two degree of freedom helicopter In this paper, a Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) strategy for Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) systems that can be used in the case of actuator faults is proposed. The idea of this FTC method is to adapt the faulty plant instead of adapting the controller to the faulty plant. This approach can be seen as a kind of virtual actuator. An integrated FTC design procedure for the fault identification and fault-tolerant control schemes using LPV techniques is provided as well. Fault identification is based on the use of an Unknown Input Observer (UIO). The FTC controller is implemented as a state feedback controller and designed using polytopic LPV techniques and Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) regions in such a way as to guarantee the closed-loop behavior in terms of several LMI constraints. To assess the performance of the proposed approach, a two degree of freedom helicopter is used.
The Ki-67 and RepoMan mitotic phosphatases assemble via an identical, yet novel mechanism (2016)

Ki-67 and RepoMan have key roles during mitotic exit. Previously, we showed that Ki-67 organizes the mitotic chromosome periphery and recruits protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) to chromatin at anaphase onset, in a similar manner as RepoMan (Booth et al., 2014). Here we show how Ki-67 and RepoMan form mitotic exit phosphatases by recruiting PP1, how they distinguish between distinct PP1 isoforms and how the assembly of these two holoenzymes are dynamically regulated by Aurora B kinase during mitosis. Unexpectedly, our data also reveal that Ki-67 and RepoMan bind PP1 using an identical, yet novel mechanism, interacting with a PP1 pocket that is engaged only by these two PP1 regulators. These findings not only show how two distinct mitotic exit phosphatases are recruited to their substrates, but also provide immediate opportunities for the design of novel cancer therapeutics that selectively target the Ki-67:PP1 and RepoMan:PP1 holoenzymes.
DNA‐Encoded Compound Libraries as Open Source: A Powerful Pathway to New Drugs (2017)

"… We envisioned an iterative system where a unique DNA tag identifier that encoded the event was appended to each newly formed molecule. These vast collections of molecules are known today as DNA- encoded chemical libraries (DECLs), and allow scientists to do selections on the benchtop that previously required access to large and complex high-throughput screening centers …" Read more in the Guest Editorial by Richard A. Lerner and Sydney Brenner.
The individual core/shell silicon nanowire structure probed by Raman spectroscopy (2009)

Abstract The results of Raman scattering study of well‐separated core/shell silicon nanowires grown by CVD method and deposited on an Au surface are presented. The Raman spectra analysis indicates a presence of both crystalline (520 cm –1 ) and amorphous (470 cm –1 ) silicon phases, forming quite independent fractions. From the growth conditions, nanowires are expected to form such a core‐shell cone, with the amorphous silicon phase (aSi) outside, and the crystalline silicon phase (cSi) inside. The nanowires' diameter varies from 100 nm to 400 nm, what is seen in the SEM pictures. The Raman spectra have been acquired from the three points of the cone shaped nanowire: base, centre and tip. Based on the Stokes/anti‐Stokes (St/aSt) intensity ratios, the position and full width at half maximum of the Raman peaks temperatures of the amorphous shell and the cSi core in different nanowire's position have been determined. Against our expectations, the crystalline silicon (cSi) temperature was found lower than the amorphous silicon temperature (aSi). This suggests that the nanowire cSi core is in a good thermal contact with the metallic substrate, thus improving the heat evacuation of the SiNW core, for which the thermal conductivity is known to be low. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mini-Thixoforming of Low-Carbon High-Alloy Steel (2016)

Semi-solid processing allows novel microstructures to be produced even in conventional materials. This is thanks to the peculiar conditions of the process and the rapid solidification. Despite that, semi-solid processing is not widely used in practice due to its technological complexity. Mini-thixoforming is an innovative method of processing metals in the region between their solidus and liquidus temperatures. With its small volume of the metal feedstock, it is a very precise and highly dynamic process. Consequently, it can be employed for materials with a very narrow freezing range which, until now, were impossible to thixoform conventionally. The present experiment focused on one of such materials: the low-carbon high-alloy age-hardenable X5CrNiCuNb16-4 steel. Owing to the low carbon level, the relevant temperature interval was 1380 - 1420 Â°C which, together with the need for strict control, posed a technological challenge. Once the semi-solid processing parameters were optimized, the die cavity was filled as required and the final products showed good surface quality. The resulting single-phase microstructure consisted of ferrite. Hence, given the 17% level of dissolved chromium, there is a potential for excellent corrosion resistance and, possibly, for subsequent age hardening of the material
Towards Secure Content Based Dissemination of XML Documents (2009)

Collaborating on complex XML data structures is a nontrivial task in domains such as the public sector,healthcare or engineering. Specifically, providing scalable XML content dissemination services in a selective and secure fashion is a challenging task. This paper describes a publish/subscribe middleware infrastructure to achieve a content-based dissemination of XML documents. Our approach relies on the dissemination of XML documents based on their semantics, as described by concepts that form an interoperable description of documents. This infrastructure leverages our earlier scheme for protecting the integrity and confidentiality of XML content during dissemination.
A History of Lie Detection (1939)

The use of the galvanometer, or psychogalvanometer, for detecting deception, is of comparatively recent date; although Galvani, the Italian physiologist, after whom the modern instrument is called, published his paper on animal electricity in 1791. Following Galvani, other workers developed the idea and made extensive and complex revisions of apparatus. Probably the earliest suggestions for the application of psychogalvanic reactions to forensic problems came from Sticker, in 1897.99 Sticker was convinced that a strong emotional connection was responsible for the phenomenon: