gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neural Network Meta-Modeling of Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage Oil Recovery Processes (2010)

Production of highly viscous tar sand bitumen using Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) with a pair of horizontal wells has advantages over conventional steam flooding. This paper explores the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) as an alternative to the traditional SAGD simulation approach. Feed forward, multi-layered neural network meta-models are trained through the Back-Error-Propagation (BEP) learning algorithm to provide a versatile SAGD forecasting and analysis framework. The constructed neural network architectures are capable of estimating the recovery factors of the SAGD production as an enhanced oil recovery method satisfactorily. Rigorous studies regarding the hybrid static-dynamic structure of the proposed network are conducted to avoid the over-fitting phenomena. The feed forward artificial neural network-based simulations are able to capture the underlying relationship between several parameters/operational conditions and rate of bitumen production fairly well, which proves that ANNs are suitable tools for SAGD simulation.
Concurrent processing simulation of the space station (1989)

The development of a new capability for the time-domain simulation of multibody dynamic systems and its application to the study of a large angle rotational maneuvers of the Space Station is described. The effort was divided into three sequential tasks, which required significant advancements of the state-of-the art to accomplish. These were: (1) the development of an explicit mathematical model via symbol manipulation of a flexible, multibody dynamic system; (2) the development of a methodology for balancing the computational load of an explicit mathematical model for concurrent processing; and (3) the implementation and successful simulation of the above on a prototype Custom Architectured Parallel Processing System (CAPPS) containing eight processors. The throughput rate achieved by the CAPPS operating at only 70 percent efficiency, was 3.9 times greater than that obtained sequentially by the IBM 3090 supercomputer simulating the same problem. More significantly, analysis of the results leads to the conclusion that the relative cost effectiveness of concurrent vs. sequential digital computation will grow substantially as the computational load is increased. This is a welcomed development in an era when very complex and cumbersome mathematical models of large space vehicles must be used as substitutes for full scale testing which has become impractical.
Species-Specific Variations in the Nutritional Quality of Southern Ocean Phytoplankton in Response to Elevated pCO2 (2014)

Increased seawater pCO2 has the potential to alter phytoplankton biochemistry, which in turn may negatively affect the nutritional quality of phytoplankton as food for grazers. Our aim was to identify how Antarctic phytoplankton, Pyramimonas gelidicola, Phaeocystis antarctica, and Gymnodinium sp., respond to increased pCO2. Cultures were maintained in a continuous culture setup to ensure stable CO2 concentrations. Cells were subjected to a range of pCO2 from ambient to 993 µatm. We measured phytoplankton response in terms of cell size, cellular carbohydrate content, and elemental, pigment and fatty acid composition and content. We observed few changes in phytoplankton biochemistry with increasing CO2 concentration which were species-specific and predominantly included differences in the fatty acid composition. The C:N ratio was unaffected by CO2 concentration in the three species, while carbohydrate content decreased in Pyramimonas gelidicola, but increased in Phaeocystis antarctica. We found a significant reduction in the content of nutritionally important polyunsaturated fatty acids in Pyramimonas gelidicola cultures under high CO2 treatment, while cellular levels of the polyunsaturated fatty acid 20:5ω3, EPA, in Gymnodinium sp. increased. These changes in fatty acid profile could affect the nutritional quality of phytoplankton as food for grazers, however, further research is needed to identify the mechanisms for the observed species-specific changes and to improve our ability to extrapolate laboratory-based experiments on individual species to natural communities.
Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma developed in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C (2005)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major complication of chronic viral hepatitis C. Therapy for HCC is still disappointing. It is thus of great importance to identify novel HCC markers for early detection of the disease, and tumor-specific proteins as potential therapeutic targets. We have used a proteomic approach to identify new proteins involved in HCC development. Four cases of HCC developing from chronic viral hepatitis C were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), and results were compared to those of paired adjacent non-tumorous liver tissues. For MS fingerprinting, protein spots with differential intensity between HCC and non-tumorous liver were directly cut out of gels and processed for MALDI-MS and nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. Approximately 850 spots were visualized in each gel. The comparative analysis of paired samples indicated that 345 protein spots showed significant differences in expression level between non-tumor and tumor tissue. Among the 345 protein spots analyzed, 238 spots corresponding to 155 different proteins were identified; 49 proteins were up-regulated, whereas 106 proteins were down-regulated. Among these 155 proteins, 91 proteins were regulated in at least three cases. Although 52 out of these 91 proteins have been already described by previous proteomic or transcriptomic studies, or are already known to be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis, this experiment revealed 39 new proteins differentially expressed in HCC developing from viral hepatitis C. Variations in protein accumulation were confirmed for two selected proteins (apolipoprotein E, chloride intracellular channel 1) by Western blotting in ten additional cases of HCC developing in patients with viral hepatitis C.
Isolation and Characterization of Adzuki Bean ( Vigna angularis cv Takara ) Proteins (1988)

ABSTRACT Protein extract (P‐I), isolate (P‐II), albumin (PA), and globulin (PC) were isolated from Minnesota‐grown adzuki beans. Total extractable protein and water‐ and salt‐soluble fractions accounted for 21.6, 15.8, and 2.3% (d.b.), respectively. Fractions were compared with a commercial soy protein (PS) for chemical and functional properties. Proteins in P‐I, PA, PG, P‐II, and PS were 78.8, 69.4, 89.2, 91.3, and 89.9% (d.b.), respectively. P‐I, PA, and PG were superior to PS in essential amino acid contents; P‐II was comparable to it. Adzuki bean proteins, except for PA, showed high solubility at acidic and alkaline pH. Compared to PS, the adzuki bean protein fractions (except P‐II) showed greater fat absorption and water adsorption, greater foaming (except PG), and lower emulsifying capacities (except P‐II) and stabilities. P‐I and PA showed lower, and P‐II higher, least gelation concentrations than PS.
Increased secretion of latent elastase activity following contact between human skin fibroblasts and elastin derived peptides. (1994)

Elastin-derived peptides were previously shown to influence human skin fibroblasts (HSF) chemotaxis and proliferation (Ghuysen et al., 1992). We report here that culturing HSF on kappa-elastin (kappa E) but not onto fibronectin (FN) enhanced the secretion of latent elastinolytic activity. The proteinase involved was identified as the 72 kDa gelatinase A. Moreover, HSF-kappa E as well as HSF-FN interactions modulated the secretions of Il1 induced expressions of elastinolytic activities.
Coding for the Feedback Gel'fand–Pinsker Channel and the Feedforward Wyner–Ziv Source (2006)

We consider both channel coding and source coding, with perfect past feedback/feedforward, in the presence of side information. It is first observed that feedback does not increase the capacity of the Gel'fand-Pinsker channel, nor does feedforward improve the achievable rate-distortion performance in the Wyner-Ziv problem. We then focus on the Gaussian case showing that, as in the absence of side information, feedback/feedforward allows to efficiently attain the respective performance limits. In particular, we derive schemes via variations on that of Schalkwijk and Kailath. These variants, which are as simple as their origin and require no binning, are shown to achieve, respectively, the capacity of Costa's channel, and the Wyner-Ziv rate distortion function. Finally, we consider the finite-alphabet setting and derive schemes for both the channel and the source coding problems that attain the fundamental limits, using variations on schemes of Ahlswede and Ooi and Wornell, and of Martinian and Wornell, respectively
[18O]-Oxygen Incorporation Reveals Novel Pathways in Spiroacetal Biosynthesis by Bactrocera cacuminata and B. cucumis (2002)

The origins of the oxygen atoms in 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (1) and hydroxyspiroacetal (2) from Bactrocera cacuminata, and in 2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (3) and hydroxyspiroacetal (4) from B. cucumis, have been investigated by incorporation studies from both [(18)O(2)]-dioxygen and [(18)O]-water. Combined GC-MS examination and high-field NMR analysis have demonstrated that all oxygen atoms in 1 and 2 from B. cacuminata are dioxygen derived, but in contrast, the spiroacetals 3 and 4 from B. cucumis incorporate one ring oxygen from water and one ring oxygen (and the hydroxyl oxygen in 4) from [(18)O(2)]-dioxygen. These results reveal not only the generality of monoxygenase mediation of spiroacetal formation in Bactrocera sp., but also an unexpected complexity in their biosynthesis. A general paradigm accommodating these and other observations is presented.
Compression Ratio and Shaft Work (2007)

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
ChemInform Abstract: BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF MODIFIED COLCHICINES. IMPROVED PREPARATION OF 2‐DEMETHYLCOLCHICINE, 3‐DEMETHYLCOLCHICINE, AND (+)‐COLCHICINE AND REASSIGNMENT OF THE POSITION OF THE DOUBLE BOND IN DEHYDRO‐7‐DEACETAMIDOCOLCHICINES (1981)

Abstract Die Synthesen von 2‐Demethyl‐colchicin (II), 3‐Demethyl‐colchjcin (IIIb) und (+)‐Colchicin (IV) werden verbessert.
Ice Packs in Diabetic Neuropathy (1961)

Journal Article Ice Packs in Diabetic Neuropathy Get access Betty Conaway, B.S. Betty Conaway, B.S. *Formerly staff physical therapist at the State University of Iowa Hospitals. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Physical Therapy, Volume 41, Issue 8, August 1961, Pages 586–588, https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/41.8.586 Published: 01 August 1961
Importance of Domain Purity and Molecular Packing in Efficient Solution‐Processed Small‐Molecule Solar Cells (2014)

Connections are delineated between solar-cell performance, charge-carrier mobilities, and morphology in a highperformance molecular solar cell. The observations show that maximizing the relative phase purity and structural order while simultaneously limiting the domain size may be essential for achieving optimal solar-cell performances in solution-processed small-molecule solar cells .
Strontium iodide gamma ray spectrometers for planetary science(Conference Presentation) (2016)

Gamma rays produced passively by cosmic ray interactions and by the decay of radioelements convey information about the elemental makeup of planetary surfaces and atmospheres. Orbital missions mapped the composition of the Moon, Mars, Mercury, Vesta, and now Ceres. Active neutron interrogation will enable and/or enhance in situ measurements (rovers, landers, and sondes). Elemental measurements support planetary science objectives as well as resource utilization and planetary defense initiatives. Strontium iodide, an ultra-bright scintillator with low nonproportionality, offers significantly better energy resolution than most previously flown scintillators, enabling improved accuracy for identification and quantification of key elements. Lanthanum bromide achieves similar resolution; however, radiolanthanum emissions obscure planetary gamma rays from radioelements K, Th, and U. The response of silicon-based optical sensors optimally overlaps the emission spectrum of strontium iodide, enabling the development of compact, low-power sensors required for space applications, including burgeoning microsatellite programs. While crystals of the size needed for planetary measurements (>100 cm3) are on the way, pulse-shape corrections to account for variations in absorption/re-emission of light are needed to achieve maximum resolution. Additional challenges for implementation of large-volume detectors include optimization of light collection using silicon-based sensors and assessment of radiation damage effects and energetic-particle induced backgrounds. Using laboratory experiments, archived planetary data, and modeling, we evaluate the performance of strontium iodide for future missions to small bodies (asteroids and comets) and surfaces of the Moon and Venus. We report progress on instrument design and preliminary assessment of radiation damage effects in comparison to technology with flight heritage.
Features of the Effect of Organochlorine Compounds on Polymerization of Olefins and Dienes in the Presence of Ziegler–Natta Catalysts (2023)

The publications of domestic and foreign researchers devoted to studies of Ziegler–Natta catalytic systems based on neodymium, vanadium, and titanium modified with organochlorine compounds and used in the synthesis of polyolefins and polydienes are scrutinized. The relevant patent literature has been explored, and the main development trends in the field of metal complex catalysis using organochlorine compounds have been analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of such catalytic systems are considered in comparison with classical unmodified catalysts, in which alkylaluminum chlorides are used as a source of chlorine. The authors analyzed in detail published data on the role of the chlorine atom as a ligand in active sites for the polymerization of olefins and dienes. The role of mono- and polychlorinated organic compounds in neodymium, vanadium, and titanium–magnesium catalytic systems has been revealed and described.
Association of DNA-Methylation Profiles With Immune Responses Elicited in Breast Cancer Patients Immunized With a Carbohydrate-Mimicking Peptide: A Pilot Study (2020)

Immune response to a given antigen, particularly in cancer patients, is complex and is controlled by various genetic and environmental factors. Identifying biomarkers that can predict robust response to immunization is an urgent need in clinical cancer vaccine development. Given the involvement of DNA methylation in the development of lymphocytes, tumorigenicity and tumor progression, we aimed to analyze pre-vaccination DNA methylation profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from breast cancer subjects vaccinated with a novel peptide-based vaccine referred to as P10s-PADRE. This pilot study was performed to evaluate whether signatures of differentially methylated (DM) loci can be developed as potential predictive biomarkers for prescreening subjects with cancer who will most likely generate an immune response to the vaccine. Genomic DNA was isolated from PBMCs of eight vaccinated subjects, and their DNA methylation profiles were determined using Infinium<sup>®</sup> MethylationEPIC BeadChip array from Illumina. A linear regression model was applied to identify loci that were differentially methylated with respect to anti-peptide antibody titers and with IFN-γ production. The data were summarized using unsupervised-learning methods: hierarchical clustering and principal-component analysis. Pathways and networks involved were predicted by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. We observed that the profile of DM loci separated subjects in regards to the levels of immune responses. Canonical pathways and networks related to metabolic and immunological functions were found to be involved. The data suggest that it is feasible to correlate methylation signatures in pre-treatment PBMCs with immune responses post-treatment in cancer patients going through standard-of-care chemotherapy. Larger and prospective studies that focus on DM loci in PBMCs is warranted to develop pre-screening biomarkers before BC vaccination. <b>Clinical Trial Registration:</b> www.ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT02229084.
Activaed Platelets and Platelet Function in Traumatic, Septic and Hemorrhagic Pre-Shock Conditions (1979)

Subcutaneous and other tissues contain a lipoprotein which induces instant morphologic platelet changes (sphering and pseudopode formation), which can be evaluated using phase contrast microscopy. Such material might get into circulation in different forms of shock and in pre-shock conditions. Besides measuring the extent of morphologic platelet changes with time after blood sampling the following parameters were investigated at 12-24 h intervals in 13 patients with different forms of shock: platelet-count and -spreading, beta-thromboglobulin, PTT, fibrinogen, thrombin-, reptilase-, and thrombincoagulase-time, fibrinogen degradation products, antithrombin III, heparin cofactor and plasminogen. In patients with septicaemia and septic shock activated platelets were found increased in each case. In other forms of shock and pre-shock the findings were not as uniform. Beta-thromboglobulin was increased during the first phase of traumatic shock with decreasing levels during the following days. Generally the platelet number was reduced and spreading was inhibited. The increased activity of platelets in septic and other shock conditions may be caused by tissue lipoproteins in the circulation.
Highly Enantioselective Alkaloid Synthesis via Ene‐Type Cyclizations Catalyzed by Cationic Chiral Palladium(II) Complexes of PN‐Ligands with an Achiral Oxazoline Unit. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A bona fide need for a non-intravenous cyanide medical countermeasure (2018)

"A bona fide need for a non-intravenous cyanide medical countermeasure." Clinical Toxicology, 57(4), p. 300
Rearrangement of a Mesylate Tropane Intermediate in Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions. Synthesis of Aza-Bicyclo[3.2.1]octane and Aza-Bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane Ethers, Imides, and Amines (2002)

Nucleophilic substitution of 2beta-mesyloxymethyl-N-methyl-3beta-p-tolyl-tropane intermediate with alkoxides, metal imides, or amines was found to lead not only to the expected bicyclo[3.2.1]octane (tropane) ether, imide, and amine derivatives but also to unexpected bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane derivatives. When alkoxides were used as nucleophile, only the rearranged bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane structure was obtained, whereas the use of amines or imides as nucleophile afforded a mixture of the two structures. The bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane structure was assigned by NMR analysis.
Activation of the Homeostatic Intracellular Repair Response During Cardiac Surgery (2013)

These findings are consistent with preclinical studies indicating that HIR2 is cardioprotective and reveal that it is activated in patients in response to myocardial ischemic stress. Strategies designed to amplify HIR2 during conditions of cardiac stress might have a therapeutic use and represent an entirely new approach to myocardial protection in patients undergoing heart surgery.
Spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathy in the rat: sensory disorders and correlation between histology of the peripheral nerves (1999)

We studied the effect of unilateral ligation of two spinal nerves on behavioral pain responses evoked by various types of cutaneous stimuli in the adult rat. Furthermore, we determined the effect of spinal nerve ligation on morphology of the peripheral nerves. The most consistent behavioral finding (83%) was a marked decrease in monofilament-induced hindlimb withdrawal thresholds (mechanical allodynia) ipsilateral to the spinal nerve ligation. This mechanical allodynia was observed as early as during the 1st post-operative day and it persisted up to 2 months (the maximum length of the observation period). In contrast, hyperalgesia to noxious mechanical stimulation (Randal-Sellitto test) was not observed in allodynic rats until the 3rd post-operative day. In a minority of rats (13%), spinal nerve ligation-induced mechanical hyperalgesia without a concomitant mechanical allodynia. There was no corresponding heat hyperalgesia in the injured hindlimb (hot water immersion-, radiant heat- or hot-plate-induced hindlimb withdrawal tests). In contrast, hypoalgesia to heat was observed on the 1st postoperative day, but not later. Neuropathological analysis of the peripheral nerves revealed a dramatic decrease in the number of myelinated nerve fibers distal to the spinal nerve ligation site. The results support the previous evidence indicating that ligation of spinal nerves induces a marked allodynia to mechanical stimulation. However, this mechanical allodynia may differentially dissociate from mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia at various post-operative time points. The marked mechanical allodynia together with a dramatic decrease in the number of myelinated nerve fibers is paradoxical, since the activation of myelinated nerve fibers by monofilaments produced abnormally strong behavioral responses. This paradox may be explained by spinal nerve ligation-induced amplification or disinhibition of tactile signals at central levels.
CASE REPORT Chemotherapy for Metastatic Melanoma during Pregnancy (1997)

idly progressive metastatic disease in pregnancy requires a series of more difficult decisions. We report the use of combination che- The patient had no history of dysplastic nevi. The nevus was motherapy with tamoxifen, carmustine, dacarbazine, and cisplatin resected and the pathology revealed malignant 2.4-mm-thick in a patient with metastatic melanoma during the second trimester melanoma, involving Clark level IV. She subsequently unof pregnancy. The patient received 2 cycles of chemotherapy prior derwent a wide excision of the primary site and axillary to delivery of a healthy 1520-g baby girl at 30 weeks gestation. lymph node dissection. The pathology revealed no residual Placental pathology, however, revealed malignant melanoma in tumor and no involvement of axillary lymph nodes. She was the intervillous space and melanin pigment granules in villous followed without further treatment, without medical diffiHofbauer cells and synctial trophoblasts. This report also reviews culties until January 1995. the literature, assessing the importance of pregnancy as a prognos- In January 1995, at 14 weeks gestation, D.P. noted protic factor, the effects of metastasis on the products of conception, gressive weight loss (6 lbs/2 months) and persistent headand the use of chemotherapy in pregnancy. We conclude that aches. An evaluation for metastatic disease, including a magcombination chemotherapy can be administered in the second tri