gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of supplementing the <i>Dicanthium annulatum</i>hay diet with tree leaves on microbial activity in therumen of goats (2007)

Four adult goats (mean body weight 29.02.65 kg) were fed Dicanthium annulatum -Leucaena leucocephala (DA-LL) and Dicanthium annulatum -Hardwickia binata (DA-HB) in 50:50 ratio in switch-over experiment to assess the effect of tree leaves supplementation on rumen concentration of protozoa, their generic distribution, bacteria and fungi. Animals were maintained on each diet for more than 3 months and rumen liquor was collected at 0 and 4 h post feeding. Mean protozoa counts were 5.98 and 5.0310 5 /ml in goats supplemented with LL and HB, respectively. Entodiniomopha were the most dominant (88.0%) rumen protozoa on both diets. Total viable, amylolytic and cellulolytic bacteria population was higher (P<0.05) in rumen of goats fed DA-LL (23.74, 11.22 and 29.66) than DA-HB diet (10.52 10 8 /ml, 6.31 10 8 /ml and 11.02 10 7 /ml), while the concentration of proteolytic bacteria was 8.64 and 6.23 10 7 /ml in rumen of goats fed earlier and later diets, respectively. Mean sporangia counts were comparable in rumen liquor of goats fed both types of diets (0.31 vs 0.33 10 5 /ml), while total fungi was higher (P<0.05) in goats fed DA-LL (9.62) than DA-HB (5.04 10 4 /ml). On both diets bacteria population was higher at 0 h post feeding, while population of fungi was higher at 4 than 0 h of feeding. Results revealed that goats had higher activities of bacteria and fungi on LL supplemented diet.
The Effect of Nickel and Platinum Catalysis on Endothermic Fuel for Regenerative Cooling System (2017)

Endothermic fuel (EF) has extreme cooling capability and is useful for removing large heat flux. In particular, it has attracted attention as a fuel for hypersonic vehicles. Compared to liquid hydrogen, endothermic hydrocarbon fuels have some advantages from a practical viewpoint; they are not cryogenic fluids and have a higher density. In this study, the pyrolysis characteristic of methylcyclohexane (MCH) as a model compound of EF was experimentally investigated with Ni, Ni/SiO2 and Pt/Al2O3 as catalysts. It was found that an effective endothermic reaction was promoted at 500--600K with Pt/Al2O3. Ni/SiO2 also promoted endothermic reaction at a higher temperature (>600K). A simple analysis on a regenerative cooling of a rocket engine showed that a small amount of MCH with a Pt/Al2O3 catalyst effectively cooled a rocket chamber.
Massively Parallel Cross-Lingual Learning in Low-Resource Target Language Translation (2018)

We work on translation from rich-resource languages to low-resource languages. The main challenges we identify are the lack of low-resource language data, effective methods for cross-lingual transfer, and the variable-binding problem that is common in neural systems. We build a translation system that addresses these challenges using eight European language families as our test ground. Firstly, we add the source and the target family labels and study intra-family and inter-family influences for effective cross-lingual transfer. We achieve an improvement of +9.9 in BLEU score for English-Swedish translation using eight families compared to the single-family multi-source multi-target baseline. Moreover, we find that training on two neighboring families closest to the low-resource language is often enough. Secondly, we construct an ablation study and find that reasonably good results can be achieved even with considerably less target data. Thirdly, we address the variable-binding problem by building an order-preserving named entity translation model. We obtain 60.6% accuracy in qualitative evaluation where our translations are akin to human translations in a preliminary study.
Major Allergen and Its IgE Cross-Reactivity among Salmonid Fish Roe Allergy (2009)

Yolk protein extracts were prepared from four kinds of salmonid fish roes, and the proteins that reacted with IgE were screened by immunoblotting using sera from 20 patients allergic to chum salmon roe. IgE cross-reactivities among the salmonid yolk proteins were also investigated by competitive ELISA. The results were as follows: (1) The major protein components in salmonid roes were lipovitellin and beta'-component, which are subfragments of vitellogenin. (2) Most sera from the patients showed IgE reactivity to beta'-component in all yolk protein extracts, and some of them also reacted to lipovitellin heavy chain or its light chain. (3) Salmonid beta'-component showed high similarity (>90%) in the N-terminal amino acid sequence. (4) All of the salmonid yolk protein extracts inhibited the IgE reaction between patient sera and the chum salmon beta'-component. These findings indicate that the beta'-component in salmonid roe is a common major allergen with strong IgE cross-reactivity.
Two cyclic hexapeptides from Penicillium sp. FN070315 with antiangiogenic activities (2017)

In the course of searching for angiogenesis inhibitors from microorganisms, two cyclic peptides, PF1171A (1) and PF1171C (2) were isolated from the soil fungus Penicillium sp. FN070315. In the present study, we investigated the antiangiogenic efficacy and associated mechanisms of 1 and 2 in vitro using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited the proliferation of HUVECs at concentrations not exhibiting cytotoxicity. Moreover, 1 and 2 significantly suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced migration, invasion, proliferation and tube formation of HUVECs as well as neovascularization of the chorioallantoic membrane in developing chick embryos. We also identified an association between the antiangiogenic activity of 1 and 2 and the downregulation of both the phosphorylation of VEGF receptor 2 and the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α at the protein level. Taken together, these results further suggest that compounds 1 and 2 will be promising angiogenesis inhibitors.
<title>Three-dimensional camera-space manipulation using servoable cameras</title> (1992)

Using the method of camera-space manipulation, high-precision, 3-dimensional rigid-body positioning tasks have been performed with a holonomic, six-axis, GMF S-400 robot. Further development, aimed at expanding the usable region of the robot's workspace; and at achieving the higher precision enabled by a narrower field of view for the cameras, includes the use of cameras mounted on servoable platforms or `pan/tilt' units. The approach followed in the implementation of servoable cameras is designed to make use of information `learned' before camera repositioning to update view parameter estimates without undergoing large extraneous arm movement. The paper describes this approach and presents the first results of experimental work used for testing it.
End-to-End Continual Rare-Class Recognition with Emerging Novel Subclasses (2020)

Given a labeled dataset that contains a rare (or minority) class containing of-interest instances, as well as a large class of instances that are not of interest, how can we learn to recognize future of-interest instances over a continuous stream? The setting is different from traditional classification in that instances from novel minority subclasses might continually emerge over time—and hence is often referred as continual, life-long, or open-world classification. We introduce RaRecognize, which ( i ) estimates a general decision boundary between the rare class and the majority class, ( ii ) learns to recognize the individual rare subclasses that exist within the training data, as well as ( iii ) flags instances from previously unseen rare subclasses as newly emerging (i.e., novel). The learner in (i) is general in the sense that by construction it is dissimilar to the specialized learners in (ii) , thus distinguishes minority from the majority without overly tuning to what is only seen in the training data. Thanks to this generality, RaRecognize ignores all future instances that it labels as majority and recognizes the recurring as well as emerging rare subclasses only. This saves effort at test time as well as ensures that the model size grows moderately over time as it only maintains specialized minority learners. Overall, we build an end-to-end system which consists of (1) a representation learning component that transforms data instances into suitable vector inputs; (2) a continual classifier that labels incoming instances as majority (not of interest), rare recurrent, or rare emerging; and (3) a clustering component that groups the rare emerging instances into novel subclasses for expert vetting and model re-training. Through extensive experiments, we show that RaRecognize outperforms state-of-the art baselines on three real-world datasets that contain documents related to corporate-risk and (natural and man-made) disasters as rare classes.
Acquired coagulation factor deficiencies in leukemia (1970)

Isolated Factor V and X deficiencies were associated with acute leukemia in 2 patients. Both patients manifested a hemorrhagic diathesis. in the patient with Factor V deficiency, the level of Factor V was related to the activity of his leukemia. the mechanism of these deficiencies is unclear, but therapy should be directed to correcting the hemostatic mechanism until a hematologic remission can be attained.
Expression of GM1, a marker of lipid rafts, defines two subsets of human monocytes with differential endocytic capacity and lipopolysaccharide responsiveness (2007)

Monocytes constitute 5-10% of total human peripheral blood leucocytes and remain in circulation for several days before replenishing the tissue macrophage populations. Monocytes display heterogeneity in size, granularity and nuclear morphology, and in the expression of cell membrane molecules, such as CD14, CD16, CD32, CD64, major histocompatibility complex class II, CCR2, CCR5, among others. This has led to the suggestion that individual monocyte/macrophage populations have specialized functions within their microenvironments. This study provides evidence for the occurrence of two peripheral blood monocyte subpopulations on the basis of their differential expression of GM1, a sphingolipid found mostly in lipid rafts, a CD14(+) GM1(low) population and a CD14(+) GM1(high) population comprising about 97.5% and 2.5% of total CD14(+) cells, respectively. GM1 expression correlates with functional differences in terms of endocytic activity, susceptibility to mycobacterial infection, and response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (modulation of Toll-like receptor-4 expression). CD14(+) GM1(low) cells proved to be less endocytic and more responsive to LPS, whereas CD14(+) GM1(high) cells are more endocytic and less responsive to LPS. In addition, during monocyte to macrophage differentiation in vitro, the percentage of CD14(+) GM1(high) cells increases from about 2.5% at day 1 to more than 50% at day 7 of culture. These results suggest that GM1(low) and GM1(high) monocytes in peripheral blood, represent either different stages of maturation or different subsets with specialized activities. The expression of CD16 on GM1(high) favours the first possibility and, on the other hand that up-regulation of GM1 expression and probably lipid rafts function is involved in the monocyte to macrophage differentiation process.
Resource Allocation for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) Enabled LPWA Networks (2019)

In this paper, we investigate the resource allocation for uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) enabled low-power wide-area (LPWA) networks to support the massive connectivity of users/nodes. Here, LPWA nodes communicate with a central gateway through resource blocks like channels, transmission times, bandwidths, etc. The nodes sharing the same resource blocks suffer from intra-cluster interference and possibly inter-cluster interference, which makes current LPWA networks unable to support the massive connectivity. Using the minimum transmission rate metric to highlight the interference reduction that results from the addition of NOMA, and while assuring user throughput fairness, we decompose the minimum rate maximization optimization problem into three sub- problems. First, a low-complexity sub-optimal nodes clustering scheme is proposed assigning nodes to channels based on their normalized channel gains. Then, two types of transmission time allocation algorithms are proposed that either assure fair or unfair transmission time allocation between LPWA nodes sharing the same channel. For a given channel and transmission time allocation, we further propose an optimal power allocation scheme. Simulation evaluations demonstrate approximately 100dB improvement of the selected metric for a single network with 4000 active nodes.
The Response of Heavily Shielded Plastic Scintillator-Photomultiplier Combinations to Nanosecond Neutron Pulses (1982)

The effect of neutron transport in massive shields surrounding scintillation detectors has been experimentally determined. Beam target prompt neutron production to measure ion beam current and the measurement of thermonuclear neutron production in particle beam fusion experiments require nanosecond measurements fram scintillator-photomultiplier combinations shielded with massive amounts of lead. The lead shield is necessary to attenuate the intense x-ray bursts characteristic of these experiments. The response of shielded detectors to several-nanosecond-wide neutron pulses has been established for both 2.45 MeV and 14.1 MeV neutrons. The characteristic neutron pulse shape measured for lead shields up to 20.3 cm in thickness show a sharp leading edge with a few nanoseconds risetime, a FWHM of 6-32 ns, and a tail that can extend for tens of nanoseconds. This pulse shape is predicted from an analysis of elastic, inelastic, and (n, 2 n) reactions that occur in the lead shield.
An X-ray Study of Hydrogen Induced Transformation of Austenitic Stainless Steels and Fe-Ni Alloy, Compared with Strain Induced and Quenched Transformation (1976)

It is well known that stainless steels which are austenitic at room temperature are transformed to ε and α′ phases by cold work or quench into a low temperature below the Ms point. On the other hand, the same phenomenon of transformation occurs in austenitic stainless steels by cathodical hydrogen charge as well as cold work.To consider the mechanism of hydrogen induced phase transformation and the induced phases, X-ray diffraction patterns taken from hydrogen charged specimens were compared with those of the cold-worked and quenched specimens. It was made clear experimentally that the hydrogen induced phases of ε and α′ are essentially the same as the strain induced phases, but they take a different process in their induction, that is, γ→ε′→(ε+α′). The ε′ phase is a c.p.h. structure having slightly different lattice constants from ε, which is considered to be a sort of transition phase containing supersaturated hydrogen. An Fe-Ni alloy was used to follow the hydrogen induced phase transformation, and the hydrogen induced phase transformation in this alloy was also ascertained.
Auditory Frequency Discrimination in Marbled Sole Pleuronectes yokohamae. (2000)

周波数が1オクターブ異なる二つの純音を0.2秒間隔で組み合わせた刺激音と電気刺激を用いて条件付けを行った。基本周波数(F1)に対して変換周波数(F2)を変化させた時の心拍抑制反応からマコガレイの周波数弁別能力について調べた。マコガレイは周波数100&acd;300Hzにおいて周波数弁別ができ, 周波数弁別閾((|F2-F1|F1)×100(%))は100&acd;200Hzでは基本周波数の約30%, 300Hzでは基本周波数の約35%となった。しかし, 400Hz以上の周波数では弁別不能であることが示唆された。
EP22.07: Blood flow calculated in the uterine arteries based on the PixelFlux technique (2017)

The aim of the study was to compare associations between blood flow volumes measured by the PixelFlux-Technique with measurements from time-averaged maximum velocity (TAmax). We conducted a prospective cohort study in 47 women with single pregnancies in week 24. Blood flow volume (ml/minute) in the uterine arteries was first calculated as 0.5*TAmax * cross section area of the vessel (cm2) * 60. CSA was calculated as π * (diameter/2)2 assuming that the uterine vessels were circular. Thereafter the blood flow was calculated using the PixelFlux method. PixelFlux is a new method based on pixelwise calculation of spatially angle-corrected velocities and areas of all pixels inside a vessel. Velocity is coded by colour, and by comparing the colour of each pixel in the cross-sectional area with the preset colour bar, it is possible to measure blood flow velocities directly. Then, all pixels' flow volumes inside a vessels section are added to calculate the flow volume of the vessel during a heart cycle. Figure 1 illustrates a uterine artery in the systole and the diastole. All the calculations and measurements are done automatically by the PixelFlux program. The mean flow calculated from PixelFlux was 811ml/minute vs. 777ml calculated from TAmax. The mean difference was 24 ml/minute (95% CI -45; 94 ml/minute) and we did not observe any significant difference between the two methods due to the fact that the CI intervals were crossing zero. The intra class correlation coefficient was 0.83 (95% CI 0.72-0.90) and limits of agreement were -441 ml/minute to 489 ml/minute. Supporting information can be found in the online version of this abstract Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Hc2spectroscopy of geometrical effects in La-S films (1987)

Upper-critical-field results on disordered thin-film superconducting La-S films are presented. A striking anisotropy in ${H}_{c2}$ is observed with different field orientations. This critical-field anisotropy reflects the geometry of the superconducting paths in the films. The qualitative behavior of ${H}_{c2}$ as a function of temperature and film resistivity can be understood within a percolation model.
Évaluation de la réforme des infirmiers diplômés d’État sur les dynamiques de carrière et la retraite : une approche par microsimulation (2021)

En 2010, le statut des infirmiers fonctionnaires a été réformé : sortie des emplois de la catégorie active en échange d’une revalorisation des grilles. Nous évaluons cette réforme ex ante en comparant la carrière et la retraite dans l’ancien et dans le nouveau statut avec le modèle de microsimulation Canopée appliqué aux fonctionnaires territoriaux et hospitaliers. Pour l’individu, sur l’ensemble de la retraite, la hausse de pension (en moyenne de 27% pour une hausse annuelle des salaires de 1,3 %) compense largement le report de l’âge de départ (de 3,6 ans). Pour le régime de retraite, le bilan dépend des hypothèses d’actualisation.
Successful microvascular replantation of a completely amputated ear (1993)

A case of successful microvascular replantation of a traumatically amputated ear is presented. The postoperative course was complicated by venous thrombosis requiring the use of medicinal leeches and systemic heparinization for salvage. This is the tenth successful microvascular ear replantation reported in the literature.
Angiotensin II activates NF-κB through AT1Areceptor recruitment of β-arrestin in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (2013)

Activation of the angiotensin type 1A receptor (AT1AR) in rat aorta vascular smooth muscle cells (RASMC) results in increased synthesis of the proinflammatory enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). We previously showed that nuclear localization of internalized AT1AR results in activation of transcription of the gene for COX-2, i.e., prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-2. Others have suggested that ANG II stimulation of COX-2 protein synthesis is mediated by NF-κB. The purpose of the present study was to examine the interrelationship between AT1AR activation, β-arrestin recruitment, and NF-κB activation in the ability of ANG II to increase COX-2 protein synthesis in RASMC. In the present study we utilized RASMC, inhibitors of the NF-κB pathway, β-arrestin knockdown, radioligand binding, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence to characterize the roles of AT1AR internalization, NF-κB activation, and β-arrestin in ANG II-induced COX-2 synthesis. Ro-106-9920 or parthenolide, agents that inhibit the initial steps of NF-κB activation, blocked ANG II-induced p65 NF-κB nuclear localization, COX-2 protein expression, β-arrestin recruitment, and AT1AR internalization without inhibiting ANG II-induced p42/44 ERK activation. Curcumin, an inhibitor of NF-κB-induced transcription, blocked ANG II-induced COX-2 protein expression without altering AT1AR internalization, ANG II-induced p65 NF-κB nuclear localization, or p42/44 ERK activation. Small interfering RNA-induced knockdown of β-arrestin-1 and -2 inhibited ANG II-induced p65 NF-κB nuclear localization. In vascular smooth muscle cells, internalization of the activated AT1AR mediated by β-arrestins activates the NF-κB pathway, producing nuclear localization of the transcription factor and initiation of COX-2 protein synthesis, thereby linking internalization of the receptor with the NF-κB pathway.
Experimental verification of light induced field emission (2010)

This letter reports the experimental verification of the recently predicted phenomenon that the electric field emission current from a negatively charged surface gets enhanced by incidence of light (even of frequency below the photoelectric threshold) on the cathode.
Autonomous vehicle public transportation system (2014)

Under active research, technology of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is getting mature and many AVs will run on the roads in the near future. With the support of vehicular ad-hoc network, AVs become connected. The ability of high degree of control allows AVs to respond to instantaneous situations cooperatively with high efficiency and flexibility. In this paper, we propose a new public transport offering point-to-point services with ride sharing. It manages a fleet of AVs to accommodate a number of transportation requests. Due to the unmanned nature, AVs operate by following the routes instructed by the control center of the system. With proper scheduling, the control center assigns the transportation requests to appropriate AVs in order to minimize the total operational cost. We formulate the scheduling problem with a mixed-integer program. We study the system performance with a typical artificial scenario. Our results show that ride sharing can effectively lower the operational cost and an increase of the vehicular capacity can further enhance the system performance.
心花怒放——Toyota Auris (2006)

全新丰田Auris已经正式发布,这款车是基于Corolla Sedan.设计灵感来源于Yaris,Auris是一款5门的Hatahback车型，有着与Yaris非常相近的血缘，特别是车头大灯，进气格栅和椭圆的乘员舱。
Automatic analysis of faulty low voltage network asset using deep neural networks (2018)

Electrical distribution network is constantly ageing worldwide. Therefore, probability of cable faults is increasing over time. Fast recovering of damaged networks is of vital importance and a quick and automatic identification of the failure source may help to promptly recover the functionality of the network. The scenario we are taking into consideration is a vast number of recording devices spread across a network that constantly monitor low voltage cables. When the current of a cable reaches a very high value, data is sent to a central server which analyses it through a variant of a Variational Auto Encoder (VAE), a deep neural network. This VAE has been trained by using historical data collected from several hundreds of faults recorded, but in which only a handful of them has been labelled by an on‐site analysis of the fault. Data used for training is simply the recorded levels of voltages and currents, after a simple pre‐processing step. The final goal is to let the network distinguish if the fault occurred in a point of the cable, on a joint, or at the pot‐end located at the termination. A preliminary evaluation of its ability to generalise over the non‐labelled samples shows encouraging results.