gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Small-scale field evaluation of transfluthrin-treated eave ribbons and sandals for the control of malaria vectors in rural Tanzania (2023)

Transfluthrin-treated eave ribbons and sandals or their combination can offer significant household-level protection against malaria vectors. Their efficacy is magnified by the transfluthrin-induced mortality, which was observed despite the prevailing pyrethroid resistance in the study area. These results suggest that TER and TS could be useful supplementary tools against residual malaria transmission in areas where ITN coverage is high but additional protection is needed against early-evening and outdoor-biting mosquitoes. Further research is needed to validate the performance of these tools in different settings, and assess their long-term effectiveness and feasibility for malaria control.
Multi-Tenant C-RAN With Spectrum Pooling: Downlink Optimization Under Privacy Constraints (2018)

Spectrum pooling allows multiple operators, or tenants, to share the same frequency bands. This paper studies the optimization of spectrum pooling for the downlink of a multi-tenant cloud radio access network system in the presence of inter-tenant privacy constraints. The spectrum available for downlink transmission is partitioned into private and shared subbands, and the participating operators cooperate to serve the user equipment (UEs) on the shared subband. The network of each operator consists of a cloud processor (CP) that is connected to proprietary radio units (RUs) by means of finite-capacity fronthaul links. In order to enable inter-operator cooperation, the CPs of the participating operators are also connected by finite-capacity backhaul links. Inter-operator cooperation may, hence, result in loss of privacy. Fronthaul and backhaul links are used to transfer quantized baseband signals. Standard quantization is considered first. Then, a novel approach based on the idea of correlating quantization noise signals across RUs of different operators is proposed to control the trade-off between distortion at UEs and inter-operator privacy. The problem of optimizing the bandwidth allocation, precoding, and fronthaul/backhaul compression strategies is tackled under constraints on backhaul and fronthaul capacity, as well as on per-RU transmit power and inter-operator privacy. For both cases, the optimization problems are tackled using the concave convex procedure, and extensive numerical results are provided.
Graphical models over multiple strings (2009)

We study graphical modeling in the case of string-valued random variables. Whereas a weighted finite-state transducer can model the probabilistic relationship between two strings, we are interested in building up joint models of three or more strings. This is needed for inflectional paradigms in morphology, cognate modeling or language reconstruction, and multiple-string alignment. We propose a Markov Random Field in which each factor (potential function) is a weighted finite-state machine, typically a transducer that evaluates the relationship between just two of the strings. The full joint distribution is then a product of these factors. Though decoding is actually undecidable in general, we can still do efficient joint inference using approximate belief propagation; the necessary computations and messages are all finite-state. We demonstrate the methods by jointly predicting morphological forms.
Visual optimization of DCT quantization matrices for individual images (1993)

Many image compression standards (JPEG, MPEG, H.261) are based on the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). However, these standards do not specify the actual DCT quantization matrix. We have previously provided mathematical formulae to compute a perceptually lossless quantization matrix. Here I show how to compute a matrix that is optimized for a particular image. The method treats each DCT coefficient as an approximation to the local response of a visual 'channel'. For a given quantization matrix, the DCT quantization errors are adjusted by contrast sensitivity, light adaptation, and contrast masking, and are pooled non-linearly over the blocks of the image. This yields an 8x8 'perceptual error matrix'. A second non-linear pooling over the perceptual error matrix yields total perceptual error. With this model we may estimate the quantization matrix for a particular image that yields minimum bit rate for a given total perceptual error, or minimum perceptual error for a given bit rate. Custom matrices for a number of images show clear improvement over image-independent matrices. Custom matrices are compatible with the JPEG standard, which requires transmission of the quantization matrix.
Low‐dimensional I/O modeling of Distributed Parameter Systems (2006)

Abstract Many model reduction techniques take a semi‐discretization of the original PDE model as starting point and aim then at an accurate approximation of its input/output map. In this contribution, we discuss the direct discretization of the i/o map of the original infinite‐dimensional system. First, the input and output signals are discretized in space and time, second, the system dynamics are approximated in form of the underlying evolution operator, leading to an approximated i/o map with matrix representation. The discretization framework, corresponding error estimations, a SVD‐based system reduction method and a numerical application in an optimization problem are presented for the example of a linear time‐invariant heat equation. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
FTS3‐01‐01: Biological Underpinnings of Vascular Contributions to Dementia (2016)

In recent years, increasing attention has been given to the contribution of vascular factors in causing, promoting or modifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and threshold for dementia. Despite this attention, biologic mechanisms underlying vascular contributions to AD and dementia are not fully understood. In February 2016, the Alzheimer’s Association and Alzheimer Fondation Plan hosted inaugural Global Alzheimer’s Leadership Series (GoALS) of 20 researchers in the field to discuss vascular contributions to AD and dementia. A key workgroup focused on underlying biology and mechanisms linking vascular disease to AD and dementia and needed research to advance our understanding. The disease process for AD and vascular disease begins in midlife. There may be interplay between the two processes. For example, chronic hypoperfusion or oligemia caused by vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis could increase beta amyloid production. Conversely, in AD, there is early neurovascular dysfunction, pericyte degeneration and early blood brain barrier (BBB) impairment in hippocampus. There may be impairment of transvascular clearance and paravascular/ perivascular drainage, removal of interstitional proteins and toxins, and aberrant signal transduction in the neurovascular unit and pericytes. Both AD and vascular injury may involve the renin-angiotensin system, oxidative stress, inflammation and innate immunity mechanisms. Oxidative stress may play early role in some vascular processes (microbleeds, microinfarts, venous collagenosis), whereas perivascular macrophages could contribute to vascular dysfunction. There is ischemic vulnerability in borderzone regions with infarcts, BBB breakdown, and gliovascular changes associated with white matter (WM) damage. Vessel disease, infarcts, and white matter disease lower threshold for dementia. Development and refinement of animal models that incorporate disease pathogenesis will support studies of these mechanisms and their intersection. Biologic mechanisms of vascular contributions to AD and dementia include alterations in cerebral perfusion, neurovascular unit, BBB and pericytes, vascular clearance mechanisms, and inflammation which may lead to parenchymal injury and contribute to AD pathogenesis. These and other mechanisms have not been well studied in preclinical AD. Biomarkers reflecting vascular mechanisms and pathology are needed to study risk factors, time course, pathologic progression, and the interaction of vascular and degenerative diseases in the development of cognitive impairment and AD.
A scalable performance-complexity tradeoff for vector precoding by partial perturbation (2015)

We explore a performance-complexity tradeoff for vector precoding (VP) for the downlink of multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) systems. We introduce this tradeoff by employing a partial perturbation in the vector precoding, where the perturbation optimization is applied to a subset of the transmitted symbols. This greatly reduces complexity compared to conventional VP where the optimization involves all transmit symbols, at the expense of a reduced performance. We show that this tradeoff is scalable by means of the number of users to be perturbed and explore how it can be optimized by changing the size of this subset of users. The presented results show that partially perturbing the data provides a favorable performance-complexity tradeoff compared to conventional VP and increases the power efficiency of VP.
Cooperativas agrícolas: uma análise bibliométrica da produção internacional (2022)

Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar a bibliometria das pesquisas sobre cooperativas agrícolas no âmbito internacional. A metodologia utiliza a Web of Science como base, com a palavra chave: Agricultural Cooperatives, sem recorte temporal e sem aplicar outro filtro, e aplica as Leis bibliométricas de Bradford, Lotka e Zipf para análise. Os resultados demonstração a concentração e os enfoques dos periódicos. Notaram-se as abordagens sobre aspectos internos e externos: desenvolvimentos estratégicos, organização industrial, sistemas industriais e alimentares. E ainda, aborda atributos voltados a comparações internacionais e políticas. A lei de Lokta foi respeitada pela distribuição de frequência encontrada, pois mais de 87% dos autores possuem apenas 1 publicação. A análise de similitude e de clusters possibilitou identificar os agrupamentos dos trabalhos encontrados. Os resultados indicaram que é um campo amplo, conforme os troncos de similitude e clusters encontrados. Além disso, existe um crescimento médio foi de 7,5% nos últimos 35 anos.
Vibrio spp. dans les produits de la pêche: Risques et prévention (2011)

Vibrio est un genre bactérien autochtone de l’environnement aquatique. Certaines espèces de ce genre sont fréquemment isolées dans les eaux côtières à climats tempéré et tropical. Les fruits de la mer sont identifés comme une source de bactéries pathogènes qui posent des problèmes de santé publique, particulièrement les espèces du genre Vibrio. Il y a approximativement 70 espèces connus dans le genre Vibrio. Deux espèces de vibrions présentent des risques de toxi-infections alimentaires pour l’homme, V. cholerae et V. parahaemolyticus. La prévention des infections humaines à vibrions, consécutives à la consommation des produits de la pêche, est étroitement associée à l’amélioration des méthodes d’identifcation des souches pathogènes.
A re-evaluation of silk measurement by the cecropia caterpillar (Hyalophora cecropia) during cocoon construction reveals use of a silk odometer that is temporally regulated (2020)

The late 5th instar caterpillar of the cecropia silk moth (Hyalophora cecropia) spins a silken cocoon with a distinct, multilayered architecture. The cocoon construction program, first described by the seminal work of Van der Kloot and Williams, consists of a highly ordered sequence of events. We perform behavioral experiments to re-evaluate the original cecropia work, which hypothesized that the length of silk that passes through the spinneret controls the orderly execution of each of the discrete events of cocoon spinning. We confirm and extend by three-dimensional scanning and quantitative measurements of silk weights that if cocoon construction is interrupted, upon re-spinning, the caterpillar continues the cocoon program from where it left off. We also confirm and extend by quantitative measurements of silk weights that cecropia caterpillars will not bypass any of the sections of the cocoon during the construction process, even if presented with a pre-spun section of a cocoon spun by another caterpillar. Blocking silk output inhibits caterpillars from performing normal spinning behaviors used for cocoon construction. Surprisingly, unblocking silk output 24-hr later did not restart the cocoon construction program, suggesting the involvement of a temporally-defined interval timer. We confirm with surgical reductions of the silk glands that it is the length of silk itself that matters, rather than the total amount of silk extracted by individuals. We used scanning electron microscopy to directly show that either mono- or dual-filament silk (i.e., equal silk lengths but which vary in their total amount of silk extracted) can be used to construct equivalent cocoons of normal size and that contain the relevant layers. We propose that our findings, taken together with the results of prior studies, strongly support the hypothesis that the caterpillar uses a silk "odometer" to measure the length of silk extracted during cocoon construction but does so in a temporally regulated manner. We further postulate that our examination of the anatomy of the silk spinning apparatus and ablating spinneret sensory output provides evidence that silk length measurement occurs upstream of output from the spinneret.
Novel Method for Pharmacophore Analysis by Examining the Joint Pharmacophore Space (2011)

We propose a novel method for pharmacophore analysis by examining the Joint Pharmacophore Space of chemical compounds, targets, and chemical/biological properties. The proposed approach is a notable deviation from existing techniques that analyze compounds on a target-by-target basis, aimed at extracting and optimizing a specific pharmacophore. The underlying geometry of the pharmacophores is responsible for binding between compounds and targets as well as properties of compounds such as Blood Brain Barrier permeability. The identification of this joint space enables us to cluster and classify similar pharmacophores based on geometric arrangements, analyze the diversity of this space, ascribe positive/negative properties to the subspaces, and query and mine a database of compounds for presence or absence of activity. Extensive experiments are carried out to validate the presence of subspaces that uniquely identify geometric configurations conforming to certain biological activities. The discriminative potential of these subspaces is also verified by employing them as a molecular descriptor. Empirical results show promising performance in terms of classification quality highlighting the utility of mining the joint pharmacophore space.
DYNAMICS OF POLYDISPERSE IRREVERSIBLE ADSORPTION: A PHARMACOLOGICAL EXAMPLE (2007)

Many drug delivery systems suffer from undesirable interactions with the host immune system. It has been experimentally established that covalent attachment (irreversible adsorption) of suitable macromolecules to the surface of the drug carrier can reduce such undesirable interactions. A fundamental understanding of the adsorption process is still lacking. In this paper, the classical random irreversible adsorption model is generalized to capture certain essential processes involved in pharmacological applications, allowing for macromolecules of different sizes, partial overlapping of the tails of macromolecules, and the influence of reactions with the solvent on the adsorption process. Working in one dimension, an integro-differential evolution equation for the adsorption process is derived, and the asymptotic behavior of the surface area covered and the number of molecules attached to the surface are studied. Finally, equation-free dynamic renormalization tools are applied to study the asymptotically self-similar behavior of the adsorption statistics.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Hydroxy‐1,3‐oxazin‐6(6H)‐ones from 6‐Aza‐1,5‐dioxaspiro(2.4)hept‐6‐ en‐4‐ones. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Verification and validation of autonomous systems (2002)

NASA is working on complex future missions that require cooperation between multiple satellites or rovers. To implement these systems, developers are proposing and using intelligent and autonomous systems. These autonomous missions are new to NASA, and the software development community is just learning to develop such systems. With these new systems, new verification and validation techniques must be used. Current techniques have been developed based on large monolithic systems. These techniques have worked well and reliably, but do not translate to the new autonomous systems that are highly parallel and nondeterministic.
Monte Carlo simulation of a two-dimensional random rough surface using the sparse-matrix flat-surface iterative approach (1993)

The exact solution of scattering by a two-dimensional random rough surface (three-dimensional scattering problem) with moderate RMS height and slopes is calculated using a new numerical method called the sparse-matrix flat-surface iterative approach. Comparison is also made with the second-order Kirchhoff approximation.
Electron spectroscopic (ESCA) studies of platinum surfaces used for enzyme electrodes (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron spectroscopic (ESCA) studies of platinum surfaces used for enzyme electrodesAndrew. Proctor, James F. Castner, Lemuel B. Wingard, and David M. HerculesCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 8, 1644–1649Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00285a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00285a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
RFID indoor location identification for construction projects (2012)

abstract Article history:Accepted 21 June 2013Available online xxxxKeywords:RFIDIndoor location identiﬁcationRSSITriangulationProximityMaterial tracking Thispaperpresentsalowcostindoorlocationidentiﬁcationandmaterialtrackingmethodologyforconstructionprojects using Ultra High Frequency (UHF) passive Radio Frequency Identiﬁcation (RFID) technology. Onsitelocation aware information is an emerging area that focuses on automating delivery of spatial informationpertinent to location of materials, workforce, and equipment. This spatial information can be used to deriveknowledge about construction project status. A two-step algorithm is presented to automate the process oflocation estimation and material tracking in near-real-time. In this methodology, a number of passive RFIDtags are distributed onsite where work is progressing, and a mobile RFID reader is carried by a worker onsite.Each passive RFID tag is deployed as a reference point with a known location (landmark) within a predeﬁnedzone. Reference tags of known locations are used to determine the location of the worker and eventually locateand track surrounding materials. The methodology uses Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) for signalmeasurements. Two localization methods (triangulation and proximity) were used to identify the location ofthe worker. Testing this methodology was carried out on an actual construction jobsite, where ﬁve test bedswere setup at different locations and within different construction time spans. In addition, one test bed wassetupinalabenvironment.Theresultspresentedinthisstudydemonstratethepotentialforalow-costmethodforlocationestimationandmaterialtrackingofindoorconstruction.Theresultsshowameanerrorof1.0 mand1.9 m for user location identiﬁcation and material tracking using the triangulation method, respectively. Theresults also show a mean error of 1.9 m and 2.6 m for location identiﬁcation of the worker and for materialtracking using the proximity method, respectively. The proposed methodology detects the zones of workerand material location with 100% accuracy.© 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Sams Teach Yourself Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 in 10 Minutes (1999)

From the Publisher:
Sams Teach Yourself Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 in 10 Minutes is a quick, efficient reference to getting connected to the Internet, finding and browsing Web sites, sending and receiving e-mail, reading and posting to newsgroups, and generally applying Internet Explorer to your everyday office and home life. Only the most common problems and most frequently used Internet Explorer tasks are coveredfrom saving bookmarks of your favorite Web sites, to organizing your e-mail folders, to creating a simple page on the World Wide Web. Revised and updated, covering all the new features of Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 and its integration with Microsoft Office 2000.
Identification of the most odour-active volatiles in fresh, hand-extracted juice of Valencia late oranges by odour dilution techniques (1998)

Application of the aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) on an extract of the volatiles, isolated by solvent extraction of fresh orange juice followed by sublimation in vacuo at room temperature, resulted in the detection of 42 odour-active compounds with flavour dilution (FD) factors between 4 and 1024. Among the 41 odorants identified, ethyl butanoate (fruity), followed by (Z)-hex-3-enal (green) and 3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethyl-2(3H)-benzofuranone (sweet, spicy) showed the highest FD factors. Further key odorants were ethyl 2-methylpropionate, (S)-ethyl 2-methylbutanoate and 4,5-epoxy-(E)-dec-2-enal (FD: 128). Application of the static headspace/olfactometry (SHO) on a sample of the same juice revealed (R)-α-pinene, (R)-limonene, ethyl butanoate, (S)-ethyl 2-methylbutanoate and acetaldehyde as the most odour-active compounds in the headspace above the juice. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of f-Q scaling in wineglass and radial modes in ring\n resonators (2013)

Low phase noise MEMS oscillators necessitate resonators with high f-Q.\nResonators achieving high f-Q (mechanical frequency-quality factor product)\nclose to the thermo-elastic damping (TED) limit have been demonstrated at\nexpense of feed-through. Here we present a study comparing frequency scaling of\nquality factors of wineglass and radial modes in a ring resonator using an\nopto-mechanical two port transmission measurement. Higher harmonics of the\nwineglass mode show an increasing trend in the f-Q product, as compared to a\nsaturation of f-Q for radial modes. The measured f-Q of 5.11e13Hz at 9.82GHz in\nair at room temperature for a wineglass mode is close to the highest measured\nvalues in silicon resonators.\n