gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sum Rate Maximization of Full-Duplex MIMO Monostatic Backscatter Networks Under Residual Self-Interference (2022)

Backscatter communication (BCS) devices have low cost, low power, and the ability to harvest energy, enabling ultra-green Internet of things (IoT) networks with energy autonomy. However, they achieve only low data rates and a limited communication range. A monostatic backscatter (MBS) network of multiple tags with a full-duplex (FD) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) reader is subject to self-interference (SI), which exacerbates the aforementioned problems. Since SI cannot be removed ideally, the residual SI (RSI) degrades the system performance. Thus, the main goal of this study is to correct this problem. To this end, we formulate the maximization of the sum rate by optimizing the precoder and combiner filters of the reader and the reflection coefficients of the tags. The constraints are to limit the effects of the RSI and allow the energy harvested by the tags to exceed a minimum. Because the problem is nonconvex, we utilize alternating optimization (AO) to split it into three subproblems and develop iterative algorithms. The simulation results validate and quantify the achievable sum rate.
Monofunctionalization Study of Furan-2,5-dicarboxaldehyde. Conformational Analysis and Model Reactions (1989)

The possible monofunctionalization of furan-2.5-dicarboxaldehyde is verified by means of several model reactions.On the other hand conformational analysis of FDC is analized by a combined experimental dipole moment determination-theoretical MNDO calculation.Furan-2.5-dicarboxaldehyde, FDC, is an important synthetic intermediate isolated from the biomass1 and useful for the preparation of a variety of compounds of industrial and farmacological interest2.It is also a widely used starting material both in bridged annulene and crown ether chemistry3.Largely, the reactions of FDC imply the functionalization of both formyl groups4,s.Thus, direct monofunctionalization of FDC appears to be desirable in order to improve the synthetic versatility of this compound.Direct functionalization of one carbonyl group in FDC has been performed for the following reactions: i) reaction of 1 with MeOHITsOH afforded the monoacetal ?I2;ii) reaction with acetone yielded 613; iii) other aldolic condensations with
International Workbook: Social Mobility (2010)

Soziale Mobilität. Themen: Über- bzw. unterprivilegierte Gruppen in der Gesellschaft;Selbsteinstufung der sozialen Schichtzugehörigkeit; beruflicheWertorientierung; Beruf des Vaters; politische Präferenzen derEltern; Ausbildung der Eltern; Religionszugehörigkeit;Familienstand; Ausbildung; Stellung im Beruf; berufliche Situation;Gewerkschaftsmitgliedschaft; Einkommen; Ortsgröße; Parteipräferenz
Densitometric Measurement in Absolute Values of Estrogen Receptors by Immunohistochemistry in Breast Cancer Frozen Sections (1999)

Immunohistochemical evaluation is, at present, the most reliable method to evaluate estrogen receptors (ERs) in breast cancer samples. Various quantitative “scoring” systems have been developed to evaluate both the percentage of ER-positive nuclei and the staining intensity. However, such methods show a high interobserver variability. Densitometric evaluation of ERs provides objective results; however, it is scarcely reproducible because results are expressed in arbitrary units. Reproducibly to quantitate, as fmol/mg protein, the cell content of ERs detected by immunohistochemistry in frozen sections of breast cancer, we set up a densitometric method by using the MCF-7 cell cultures as standard. MCF-7 cell cultures were stimulated with insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) to express variable concentrations of ERs. To reveal ERs with the same antibody clone, the immunoenzymatic study was carried out by using the ER-EIA method, whereas immunohistochemical reactions were based on ER-immunocytochemical assay (ICA) method. A standard curve, obtained by plotting the ER fmol/mg protein (by the enzymatic assay in MCF-7 cells) versus the optical-density values (by analyzing the immunohistochemical stain on MCF-7 cytospins), was the reference of our method. This method was validated on four cases of human infiltrating breast carcinoma, and no statistically significant differences were observed between ER concentration measured with the EIA method and that obtained by immunohistochemistry.
Role of antennary structure of N-linked sugar chains in renal handling of recombinant human erythropoietin (1995)

To elucidate the role of the branched structure of sugar chains of human erythropoietin (EPO) in the expression of in vivo activity, the pharmacokinetic profile of a less active recombinant human EPO sample (EPO-bi) enriched with biantennary sugar chains was compared with that of a highly active control EPO sample enriched with tetraantennary sugar chains. After an intravenous injection in rats, 125I-EPO-bi disappeared from the plasma with 3.2 times greater total body clearance (Cltot) than control 125I-EPO. Whole-body autoradiography after 20 minutes of administration indicated that the overall distribution of radioactivity is similar, but 125I-EPO-bi showed a higher level of radioactivity in the kidneys than control 125I-EPO. Quantitative determination of radioactivity in the tissues also indicated that radioactivity of 125I-EPO-bi in the kidneys was two times higher than that of control 125I-EPO. The difference in plasma disappearance between 125I-EPO-bi and control 125I-EPO was not observed in bilaterally nephrectomized rats. The distribution of 125I-EPO-bi to bone marrow and spleen was similarly inhibited by simultaneous injection of excess amounts of either the nonlabeled EPO-bi or control EPO. These results indicate that the low in vivo biologic activity of EPO-bi results from rapid clearance from the systemic circulation by renal handling. Thus, the well-branched structure of the N-linked sugar chain of EPO is suggested to play an important role in maintaining its higher plasma level, which guarantees an effective transfer to target organs and stimulation of erythroid progenitor cells.
Let's take photos together (2016)

Mobile phones have become common tools for photography. Despite the fact that photos are social artifacts, mobile phones afford the act of photo taking only as an individual activity. Photo taking that involves more than one photographer has been envisioned to create positive outcomes and experiences. We implemented this vision with mobile camera phones, exploring how this would influence photo taking practices and experiences. We conducted a user study where altogether 22 participants (11 pairs) were using a novel mobile photography method based on asymmetrical interaction abilities, comparing that with two traditional methods. We present the collaborative practices emerged in different photography methods and report user experience findings particularly with regard to enforced collaboration in mobile photo taking. The results highlight benefits and positive experiences in collaborative photo taking. We discuss lessons learned and point out design implications that come into play when designing for mobile collocated collaboration.
TravInfo Field Operational Test Institutional Evaluation Final Results (2000)

This paper documents the final analysis of a three part series of institutional evaluations of the TravInfo Field Operational Test from its inception in 1992 through its completion in 1998. The Field Operational Test was performed over a two-year period from September 1996 to September 1998. Funding for the TravInfo evaluation was from the Federal Highway Administration with a matching grant from the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). The institutional evaluation examined TravInfo's unique concept of open-architecture and its collaborative public-private partnership to broadly disseminate traveler information and foster a commercial market for privately offered advanced traveler information services. Despite many challenges, the field test was completed, and at its conclusion TravInfo was deployed as an integral part of the Bay Area transportation infrastructure. The lessons learned from the field test will be of value to sponsoring agencies and the TravInfo partners as well as to those public agencies that are interested in implementing similar systems. TravInfo's primary successes have come in developing a network of public and private professionals, who have collaborated on the projects in a variety of venues. Key Words: Traveler Field Operational Test, Institutional Evaluation, Advanced Traveler Information System
Urea-induced ROS generation causes insulin resistance in mice with chronic renal failure (2009)

Although supraphysiological concentrations of urea are known to increase oxidative stress in cultured cells, it is generally thought that the elevated levels of urea in chronic renal failure patients have negligible toxicity. We previously demonstrated that ROS increase intracellular protein modification by O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), and others showed that increased modification of insulin signaling molecules by O-GlcNAc reduces insulin signal transduction. Because both oxidative stress and insulin resistance have been observed in patients with end-stage renal disease, we sought to determine the role of urea in these phenotypes. Treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with urea at disease-relevant concentrations induced ROS production, caused insulin resistance, increased expression of adipokines retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and resistin, and increased O-GlcNAc-modified insulin signaling molecules. Investigation of a mouse model of surgically induced renal failure (uremic mice) revealed increased ROS production, modification of insulin signaling molecules by O-GlcNAc, and increased expression of RBP4 and resistin in visceral adipose tissue. Uremic mice also displayed insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, and treatment with an antioxidant SOD/catalase mimetic normalized these defects. The SOD/catalase mimetic treatment also prevented the development of insulin resistance in normal mice after urea infusion. These data suggest that therapeutic targeting of urea-induced ROS may help reduce the high morbidity and mortality caused by end-stage renal disease.
Computer modelling of the surface tension of the gas–liquid and liquid–liquid interface (2016)

This review presents the state of the art in molecular simulations of interfacial systems and of the calculation of the surface tension from the underlying intermolecular potential. We provide a short account of different methodological factors (size-effects, truncation procedures, long-range corrections and potential models) that can affect the results of the simulations. Accurate calculations are presented for the calculation of the surface tension as a function of the temperature, pressure and composition by considering the planar gas-liquid interface of a range of molecular fluids. In particular, we consider the challenging problems of reproducing the interfacial tension of salt solutions as a function of the salt molality; the simulations of spherical interfaces including the calculation of the sign and size of the Tolman length for a spherical droplet; the use of coarse-grained models in the calculation of the interfacial tension of liquid-liquid surfaces and the mesoscopic simulations of oil-water-surfactant interfacial systems.
HMGB1 mediates the development of tendinopathy due to mechanical overloading (2019)

Mechanical overloading is a major cause of tendinopathy, but the underlying pathogenesis of tendinopathy is unclear. Here we report that high mobility group box1 (HMGB1) is released to the tendon extracellular matrix and initiates an inflammatory cascade in response to mechanical overloading in a mouse model. Moreover, administration of glycyrrhizin (GL), a naturally occurring triterpene and a specific inhibitor of HMGB1, inhibits the tendon's inflammatory reactions. Also, while prolonged mechanical overloading in the form of long-term intensive treadmill running induces Achilles tendinopathy in mice, administration of GL completely blocks the tendinopathy development. Additionally, mechanical overloading of tendon cells in vitro induces HMGB1 release to the extracellular milieu, thereby eliciting inflammatory and catabolic responses as marked by increased production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in tendon cells. Application of GL abolishes the cellular inflammatory/catabolic responses. Collectively, these findings point to HMGB1 as a key molecule that is responsible for the induction of tendinopathy due to mechanical overloading placed on the tendon.
Torque measurement with tunable metamaterial and a modified Doppler radar (2022)

Torque is a key parameter in any type of drive system. Real-time torque sensing allows to monitor true power transfer, which is crucial for drive control systems, especially in terms of efficiency and safety improvement. However, up to now, there is a lack of available torque sensor technology meeting the high demands within powertrains or robotics, such as robustness against electromagnetic interferences, vibrations and limited installation space. In this work we present a new concept for torque measurement using tunable millimetre-wave metamaterials together with a continuous wave radar chip as read out. The concept is to mechanically translate torque signals into a shift of the metamaterial resonance frequency which in turn leads to a tuning of phase and amplitude of its reflection spectra. Determining the amplitude tuning with in-phase and quadrature demodulation then allows to calculate the torque. We show the feasibility of this concept with finite element simulations. Further, we build a demonstrator providing the proof-of-concept, using a modified millimetre-wave Doppler radar chip for read out. The demonstrator gives a sensitivity for torque measurement of (15.7 ± 0.4) mV/Nm. We believe that our proposed torques sensor concept paves the way towards future torque sensor technology that is suitable for applications in powertrains and robotics.
Concurrent detection of power supply noise (2003)

We propose a methodology for the concurrent detection of power supply noise affecting a general synchronous system and exceeding a tolerance bound to be chosen according to the system's constraints. Our solution is based on a suitable self-checking scheme which concurrently monitors a signal of the system clock distribution network and which is, by design, able to provide an output error message upon the occurrence of power supply noise. The produced error indication can then be exploited to recover from the detected noise (thus guaranteeing system's correct operation), or to accomplish diagnosis. Our scheme negligibly impacts system's performance, features self-checking ability with respect to a wide set of possible internal faults and keeps on revealing concurrently the occurrence of power supply noise, despite the possible presence of noise affecting also ground.
Are Patients with Perforated Peptic Ulcers Who are Negative for Helicobacter pylori at a Greater Risk? (2019)

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The link between <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection and peptic ulceration is well established. Recent studies have reported a decrease of <i>H. pylori</i>-related peptic ulcer disease; <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> eradication is likely the cause of this decrease. We hypothesized that patients with <i>H. pylori</i>-positive perforated peptic ulcer disease (PPUD) requiring surgical intervention had worse outcomes than patients with <i>H. pylori</i>-negative PPUD. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> A prospectively collected Acute and Critical Care Surgery registry spanning the years 2008 to 2015 was searched for patients with PPUD and tested for <i>H. pylori</i> serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) test. Patients were divided into two cohorts: <i>H. pylori</i> positive (HPP) and <i>H. pylori</i> negative (HPN). Demographics, laboratory values, medication history, social history, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy were collected. Student t-test was used for continuous variables and χ<sup>2</sup> test was used for categorical variables. Linear regression was applied as appropriate. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We identified 107 patients diagnosed with PPUD, of whom 79 (74%) patients had <i>H. pylori</i> serum IgG testing. Forty-two (53.2%) tested positive and 37 (46.8%) tested negative. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-negative PPUD was more frequent in females (70.27%, p = 0.004), whites (83.78%, p = 0.001) and patients with higher body mass index (BMI) 28.81 ± 8.8 (p = 0.033). The HPN group had a lower serum albumin level (2.97 ± 0.96 vs. 3.86 ± 0.91 p = 0.0001), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA; 3.11 ± 0.85 vs. 2.60 ± 0.73; p = 0.005), and Charlson comorbidity index (4.81 ± 2.74 vs. 2.98 ± 2.71; p = 0.004). On unadjusted analysis the HPN cohort had a longer hospital length of stay (LOS; 20.20 ± 13.82 vs. 8.48 ± 7.24; p = 0.0001), intensive care unit (ICU) LOS (10.97 ± 11.60 vs. 1.95 ± 4.59; p = 0.0001), increased ventilator days (4.54 ± 6.74 vs. 0.98 ± 2.85; p = 0.004), and higher rates of 30-day re-admission (11; 29.73% vs. 5; 11.91%; p = 0.049). Regression models showed that HPN PPUD patients had longer hospital and ICU LOS by 11 days (p = 0.002) and 8 days (p = 0.002), respectively, compared with HPP PPUD. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In contrast to our hypothesis, HPN patients had clinically worse outcomes than HPP patients. These findings may represent a difference in the baseline pathophysiology of the peptic ulcer disease process. Further investigation is warranted.
Robust Methods for Microarray Analysis (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Microarray Experiments and Analysis Methods Unsupervised Methods Supervised Methods Conclusion References
Rural healthcare disparities: challenges and solutions for the pregnant opioid-dependent population. (2013)

Substance abuse among pregnant women is a significant public health problem affecting both maternal and fetal health. Access to both obstetrical care and substance abuse treatment is a challenge for women in rural West Virginia. A multi-disciplinary collaborative treatment approach for this population is necessary to reach and retain women in treatment. Through such collaboration, a positive impact on access to treatment for women from rural communities and reduced barriers to both prenatal care and substance abuse treatment can be achieved in order to improve outcomes for both mother and infant.
Long‐term discontinuation of warfarin in a patient with HeartMate 3 left ventricular assist device without complication (2019)

A 38-year-old woman with peripartum cardiomyopathy underwent placement of a HeartMate 3 (HM3) left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Postoperatively, she refused warfarin therapy and was maintained on aspirin monotherapy for 19 months. She did not experience thrombotic or thromboembolic complications associated with lack of oral vitamin K antagonist anticoagulation. Our patient represents the longest reported duration of a patient with HM3 LVAD maintained without warfarin without evidence of thrombotic or thromboembolic events.
Silicon micro-optics for smart light control (2004)

We present an overview of the results of our recent research in the field of adaptive optical components based on silicon microtechnologies, including membrane deformable mirrors, spatial light modulators, liquid-crystal correctors, wavefront sensors, and both spherical and aspherical micro-optical components. We aim at the realization of adaptive optical systems using standard-technology solutions.
Pharmacological characterization of F‐180: a selective human V1a vasopressin receptor agonist of high affinity (2002)

1. The pharmacological properties of F-180, a vasopressin (VP) structural analogue, were determined on CHO cells expressing the different human vasopressin and oxytocin (OT) receptor subtypes. Binding experiments revealed that F-180 exhibited a high affinity for the human V(1a) receptor subtype (K(i)=11 nM) and was selective for this receptor subtype. 2. Functional studies performed on CHO cells expressing human V(1a) receptors indicate that similarly to AVP, F-180 can stimulate the accumulation of inositol phosphate. The activation constant (K(act)) for both F-180 and AVP was 1.7 nM. F-180 was also an agonist for the human V(2) and V(1b) receptor subtypes and an antagonist for the human OT receptor. 3. Since marked species pharmacological differences for vasopressin receptors have been described, we studied the properties of F-180 on various mammalian species. F-180 showed high affinity and good selectivity for human and bovine V(1a) receptors, but weak affinity and non selective properties for rat V(1a) receptors. 4. To assess the functional properties of F-180 on a native biological model, we performed studies on primary cultures of cells from bovine zona fasciculata (ZF). As AVP, F-180 stimulated inositol phosphate accumulation and cortisol secretion with similar efficiency. 5. In conclusion, we demonstrate that F-180 is the first selective V(1a) agonist described for human and bovine vasopressin receptors. Therefore F-180 can be used as a powerful pharmacological tool to characterize the actions of vasopressin that are mediated by V(1a) receptor subtypes.
Successful Gene Transfer Using Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors into the Kidney: Comparison among Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 1–5 Vectors in vitro and in vivo (2004)

Since kidney-specific gene delivery via the renal artery by catheterization is highly feasible in humans, these findings provide useful information for promising strategies in renal gene therapy.
Effect of Rim Thickness on Gear Crack Propagation Path (1997)

Analytical and experimental studies were performed to investigate the effect of rim thickness on gear tooth crack propagation. The goal was to determine whether cracks grew through gear teeth or through gear rims for various rim thicknesses. A finite element based computer program (FRANC, FRacture ANalysis Code) simulated gear tooth crack propagation. The analysis used principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics. Quarter-point, triangular elements were used at the crack tip to represent the stress singularity. The program had an automated crack propagation option in which cracks were grown numerically using an automated re-meshing scheme. Crack tip stress intensity factors were estimated to determine crack propagation direction. Gears with various backup ratios (rim thickness divided by tooth height) were tested to validate crack path predictions. Gear bending fatigue tests were performed in a spur gear fatigue rig. From both predictions and tests, gears with backup ratios of 3.3 and 1.0 produced tooth fractures while a backup ratio of 0.3 produced rim fractures. For a backup ratio of 0.5, the experiments produced rim fractures and the predictions produced both rim and tooth fractures, depending on the initial geometry of the crack.