gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hearing Impairment and Cognitive Energy: The Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening (FUEL) (2016)

The Fifth Eriksholm Workshop on "Hearing Impairment and Cognitive Energy" was convened to develop a consensus among interdisciplinary experts about what is known on the topic, gaps in knowledge, the use of terminology, priorities for future research, and implications for practice. The general term cognitive energy was chosen to facilitate the broadest possible discussion of the topic. It goes back to who described the effects of attention on perception; he used the term psychic energy for the notion that limited mental resources can be flexibly allocated among perceptual and mental activities. The workshop focused on three main areas: (1) theories, models, concepts, definitions, and frameworks; (2) methods and measures; and (3) knowledge translation. We defined effort as the deliberate allocation of mental resources to overcome obstacles in goal pursuit when carrying out a task, with listening effort applying more specifically when tasks involve listening. We adapted Kahneman's seminal (1973) Capacity Model of Attention to listening and proposed a heuristically useful Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening (FUEL). Our FUEL incorporates the well-known relationship between cognitive demand and the supply of cognitive capacity that is the foundation of cognitive theories of attention. Our FUEL also incorporates a motivation dimension based on complementary theories of motivational intensity, adaptive gain control, and optimal performance, fatigue, and pleasure. Using a three-dimensional illustration, we highlight how listening effort depends not only on hearing difficulties and task demands but also on the listener's motivation to expend mental effort in the challenging situations of everyday life.
Electromagnetics in induction heating (1974)

The longstanding IEEE definition of induction heating- "the heating of a nominally conducting material in a varying electromagnetic field due to its internal losses" is interpreted here as including processes in which these losses are associated with conducted, as well as induced, currents. During the past three decades, induction heating, utilizing induced currents, has grown into a multimillion dollar industry - heating for melting, forging, hardening, brazing, welding, and many more applications. Equipment ratings are from a few hundred watts to over 60000 KW, at frequencies ranging from 50 Hz to several MHz. More recently, a number of processes known generally as High Frequency Resistance Heating have received worldwide acceptance, especially in the tube and pipe welding fields. They employ the same electromagnetic phenomena to cause internal losses in nominally conducting material, but these losses are associated with current which is introduced through contacts. This paper describes these electromagnetic phenomena, and emphasizes the similarity of these commonly-called different processes.
Biomarker predictors of outcome from a randomized trial of nivolumab +/- stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in metastatic (M1) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). (2019)

6063 Background: A minority of patients with M1 HNSCC respond to the anti-programmed death (PD-1) monoclonal antibody, Nivolumab (Nivo). We sought to determine biomarker predictors of outcome to Nivo in M1 HNSCC. Methods: Patients with M1 HNSCC were randomized (n = 60) with stratification by virus status (EBV/HPV+ vs not) to either Nivo alone or Nivo+SBRT to a single lesion. The primary end-point was objective response rate (ORR) in non-irradiated lesions with overall survival (OS) as a secondary end-point. PD-L1 staining in ≥ 1% of tumor cells was regarded as positive. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) was determined using a next generation sequencing assay (MSK IMPACT). Predictive model selection was done to minimize the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Results: There was no difference in ORR comparing the two treatment arms (p = 0.86). On univariate analysis, virus status trended towards predicting both ORR (Positive 41.9% vs Negative 20.7%, (p = 0.14)) and OS (1-yr OS for Positive, 65.9% vs 1-yr OS for Negative 40.6%, p = 0.08). In the sub-group of patients for whom PDL1 staining was available (n = 56), there was a trend towards association with ORR: PDL1+ 50% vs PDL1- 23.5% (p = 0.08). PDL1+ patients demonstrated significantly longer OS (1-yr OS 63% vs 47%, p = 0.02). There was no association between virus status and PDL1 staining. IMPACT data was available in 46 patients. TMB was significantly higher in virus negative (mean 8.1 mut/mB) vs. virus positive (mean 4.6 mut/mB) (p = 0.01); TMB was similar comparing PDL1+ to PDL1- (p = 0.47). TMB was higher in responders than non-responders (p = 0.02); TMB was significantly higher in virus positive responders (p = 0.01) and trended towards being higher in virus negative responders (p = 0.10). A model to predict ORR that included PDL1, virus status, and TMB minimized AIC with a C-index of 0.72. A model to predict OS that included PDL1 and virus status minimized AIC with a C-index of 0.62. Conclusions: A multi-variate model including viral status, PDL1 status, and TMB predicts well response to Nivolumab in M1 HNSCC. A model containing PDL1 and virus had moderate predictive value for OS. Clinical trial information: NCT02684253.
NUCLEAR LOCALIZATION OF S‐100 PROTEIN (1974)

Abstract— S‐100 protein has been found in the nuclei isolated from the brain cortex of rabbit. The nuclear S‐100 constitutes a small portion (0.55 per cent) of the S‐100 present in the cytosol. Most of the large and pale nuclei appear to contain much more S‐100 than the small and dark ones. The nuclear membrane is permeable in vitro to S‐100 in presence of divalent cations. Three forms of S‐100 occur in subnuclear fractions: free S‐100, present in the soluble protein fraction; labile‐bound S‐100, present in the deoxyribonucleoprotein fraction and stable‐bound S‐100, present in the residual or‘nucleolar’fraction. The localization of the S‐100 in those regions of the nucleus that are most active in RNA synthesis provides basic information for further studies on the possible role of this protein on genomic expression in nervous tissue.
Sub-Diffraction Near-Field Imaging with Undetected Photons using Thin Sources of Photon Pairs (2021)

Quantum imaging with undetected photons allows for imaging an object by detecting photons that never interacted with it, using the correlation between photon pairs generated in the process of spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) [1] . Through SPDC in a χ (2) material, a pump (P) photon of wavelength λ P can split into a pair of signal (S) and idler (I) photons, such that 1/ λ P = 1/ λ S + 1/ λ I . In such imaging schemes, the object’s optical properties at λ I , such as its absorption profile, can be inferred by only imaging the signal photons. Thus, one can image in challenging spectral ranges, such as mid-IR for λ I , using detectors in the visible for λ S [1] . In this scheme, the resolution is fundamentally diffraction-limited to the wavelength that interacts with the object, λ I [2] . We show that one can go beyond this diffraction limit by placing the object in the near-field of a subwavelength thin SPDC source, as shown schematically in Fig. 1(a) , through transferring the near-field information at λ I into propagating modes at λ S that can be detected in the far field. In this scheme, the resolution of imaging the object at λ I is determined by the detected signal wavelength λ S . As an application, we numerically demonstrate how two closely-spaced small scatterers at mid-IR can be resolved with a visible-range resolution.
Expression of Gastrin Family Peptides in Pancreatic Islets and Their Role in β-Cell Function and Survival (2018)

We highlight the direct involvement of CCKA and CCKB receptors in pancreatic β-cell function and survival.
Nobiletin, a Polymethoxy Flavonoid, Reduced Endothelin‐1 Plus SCF‐Induced Pigmentation in Human Melanocytes (2014)

Nobiletin is a unique flavonoid having polymethoxy groups and has exhibited anti-inflammatory and antiobesity effects. Here, we examined the inhibition of nobiletin on melanogenesis induced by endothelin-1 (ET) and stem cell factor (SCF) in normal human melanocytes. Nobiletin dose dependently reduced ET plus SCF-stimulated tyrosinase activity without causing cytotoxicity. Nobiletin reduced cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression, which is a key transcription factor for tyrosinase expression in pigmentation induced by ET plus SCF stimulation. Nobiletin treatment effectively decreased ET plus SCF-induced Raf-1, MEK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation and also downregulated the forskolin-induced phosphorylation of CREB. Furthermore, nobiletin inhibited ET plus SCF-triggered production of melanin and expression of MITF/tyrosinase in a three-dimensional human epidermal model. In accordance with protein expression, the expression of genes related to the pigmentation was also increased in the cells stimulated with ET plus SCF and the cotreatment with nobiletin decreased obviously the ET plus SCF-triggered gene expressions of tyrosinase, PMEL, TRP1 and MITF. Nobiletin contributes to hypopigmentation by downregulating MITF and tyrosinase expression through reduced Raf-1 phosphorylation. Our findings implicate nobiletin as a potential new whitening agent.
Performance and Return to Sport After Ulnar Nerve Decompression/Transposition Among Professional Baseball Players (2019)

Anterior subcutaneous transposition is the most common surgical procedure among professional baseball players to address ulnar neuropathy at the elbow. Players have a 62% rate of RTS, which is lower than expected for this nonreconstruction or repair procedure. For players who successfully RTS, performance metrics versus matched controls remained the same except for allowing significantly more walks per 9 innings. Postoperatively, pitchers with UCLR before ulnar nerve decompression/transposition who had a successful RTS performed the same as matched controls with prior UCLR without subsequent ulnar nerve decompression/transposition.
Monoclonal antibodies from humans with Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure or latent infection recognize distinct arabinomannan epitopes (2021)

Abstract The surface polysacharide arabinomannan (AM) and related glycolipid lipoarabinomannan (LAM) play critical roles in tuberculosis pathogenesis. Human antibody responses to AM/LAM are heterogenous and knowledge of reactivity to specific glycan epitopes at the monoclonal level is limited, especially in individuals who can control M. tuberculosis infection. We generated human IgG mAbs to AM/LAM from B cells of two asymptomatic individuals exposed to or latently infected with M. tuberculosis . Here, we show that two of these mAbs have high affinity to AM/LAM, are non-competing, and recognize different glycan epitopes distinct from other anti-AM/LAM mAbs reported. Both mAbs recognize virulent M. tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria with marked differences, can be used for the detection of urinary LAM, and can detect M. tuberculosis and LAM in infected lungs. These mAbs enhance our understanding of the spectrum of antibodies to AM/LAM epitopes in humans and are valuable for tuberculosis diagnostic and research applications.
Effects of electrostimulated acupuncture on ground reaction forces and pain scores in dogs with chronic elbow joint arthritis (2006)

Results suggested that ESA did not have any significant effects on severity of lameness, as determined by measurement of ground reaction forces, or severity of pain, as determined by visual analog scale pain scores, in dogs with chronic elbow joint osteoarthritis secondary to elbow joint dysplasia.
Cluster of clusters. Structure of a novel gold-silver cluster [(Ph3P)10Au13Ag12Br8](SbF6) containing an exact staggered-eclipsed-staggered metal configuration. Evidence of icosahedral units as building blocks (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCluster of clusters. Structure of a novel gold-silver cluster [(Ph3P)10Au13Ag12Br8](SbF6) containing an exact staggered-eclipsed-staggered metal configuration. Evidence of icosahedral units as building blocksBoon K. Teo, Xiaobo Shi, and Hong ZhangCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 11, 4329–4331Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00011a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00011a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views498Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Noninvasive ventilation in critically ill patients with the Middle East respiratory syndrome (2019)

In patients with MERS and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, NIV failure was very high. The use of NIV was not associated with improved outcomes.
ChemInform Abstract: N + N → N2 Reaction Rates on Rh(111). (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Millimeter-wave interactions with the human body: state of knowledge and recent advances (2011)

The biocompatibility of millimeter-wave devices and systems is an important issue due to the wide number of emerging body-centric wireless applications at millimeter waves. This review article provides the state of knowledge in this field and mainly focuses on recent results and advances related to the different aspects of millimeter-wave interactions with the human body. Electromagnetic, thermal, and biological aspects are considered and analyzed for exposures in the 30-100 GHz range with a particular emphasis on the 60-GHz band. Recently introduced dosimetric techniques and specific instrumentation for bioelectromagnetic laboratory studies are also presented. Finally, future trends are discussed.
Accurate diffraction imaging for detecting small-scale geologic discontinuities (2018)

Seismic diffractions contain valuable information regarding small-scale inhomogeneities or discontinuities, and therefore they can be used for seismic interpretation in the exploitation of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Velocity analysis is a necessary step for accurate imaging of these diffractions. A new method for diffraction velocity analysis and imaging is proposed that uses an improved adaptive minimum variance beamforming technique. This method incorporates the minimum variance, coherence factor, and correlation properties to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and enhance correlations. Our method can make seismic diffractions become better focused in semblance panels, allowing for the optimal migration velocity for diffractions to be accurately picked. Synthetic and field examples demonstrate that the migration velocity for the diffractions can differ from that for the reflections. The results suggest that the diffraction velocity analysis and imaging method is feasible for accurately locating and identifying small-scale discontinuities, which leads to the possibility of using this approach for practical application and seismic interpretation.
Fabrication of Tantalum and Hafnium Carbide Fibers via ForcespinningTM for Ultrahigh‐Temperature Applications (2021)

In this work, a novel method for producing ultrafine tantalum and hafnium carbide fibers using the Forcespinning TM technique via a nonhalide‐based sol‐gel process was investigated. An optimal solution viscosity range was systematically determined via rheological studies of neat PAN/DMF as a function of fiber formation. Subsequently, Forcespinning TM parameters were also systemically studied to determine the optimal rotational velocity and spinneret‐to‐collecting rod distance required for ideal fiber formation. TaC and HfC fibers were synthesized via Forcespinning TM utilizing a mixture of PAN and refractory transition metal alkoxides (i.e., tantalum (V) ethoxide and hafnium (IV) tert‐butoxide) in DMF solution based on optimal conditions determined from the neat PAN/DMF. In all instances after calcination, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) indicated that TaC and HfC fibers were produced. TGA/DSC confirmed the chemical stability of the resulting fibers.
Domain-specific market segmentation using a latent class mixture modelling approach and wine-related lifestyle (WRL) algorithm (2017)

Purpose Since the publication of Van Raaij and Verhallen’s seminal work in European Journal of Marketing in 1994, identifying the domain-specific market segmentation approach as one of the most feasible for segmenting markets, there has been surprisingly limited development in this field, with the food domain as the only exception. This study aims to develop a methodological approach using latent class mixture modelling as contribution in the domain-specific market segmentation field. Design/methodology/approach This study captures the AIO lifestyle perspective using a domain-specific 80-item algorithm which has the wine (product) domain as its focus. A sample size of 811 consumers is used from data collected by means of the CATI approach. Findings The authors use four criteria for model selection: comparison of the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) statistic, comparison of classification error, verification of the interpretation of the derived segments and, finally, use of the conditional bootstrap procedure to test whether the selected model provides a significant improvement over the previous model. The five-segment model option yields a minimum BIC, the classification error measure is minimal and is easier to interpret than the other models. Segment descriptions for the five identified lifestyle-based segments are developed. Research limitations/implications Segmentation by traditional k-means clustering has proven to be less useful than the more innovative alternative of mixture regression modelling; therefore, the authors identify segments in the market on the basis of individuals’ domain-specific lifestyle characteristics using a latent class mixture modelling approach. Practical implications Following the attainment of a clear and robust market segmentation structure, the simultaneous analysis of the lifestyles, demographics and behaviours of consumers as nexus of the domain-specific segmentation approach, provides rich and valid information accurately informing the market segment descriptions. Originality/value The authors make a substantive contribution by developing a methodological approach using latent class mixture modelling; the first of its kind in the area of domain-specific segmentation. Next, they use the discriminant and/or predictive validity of the 80-scale items to predict cluster membership using the WRL algorithm. Finally, the authors describe the identified market segments in detail and outline the practical implications.
Study on the Mechanism of Maternal Imprinting During Oocyte Growth (2011)

In mammals, both parental genomes are essential for normal ontogeny because epigenetic modifications imposed in the parents' gametes lead to parent-of-origin specific gene expression in their offspring. These phenomena are referred to as genomic imprinting. It has been shown that maternal imprinting is established during oocyte growth, lack of maternal imprinting in zygotes leads to early embryonic death, and in vitro system that allows establishment of maternal imprinting is developed. In this review, I describe the history of the discovery of genomic imprinting, the regulatory mechanisms of mammalian development by maternal imprinting, and the molecular mechanisms of genomic imprinting.
Atom Transfer Radical Addition in the Presence of Catalytic Amounts of Copper(I/II) Complexes with Tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (2007)

Highly efficient atom transfer radical addition of polyhalogenated compounds to alkenes catalyzed by copper(I/II) complexes with tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine in the presence of a radical initiator [2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile)] was reported.
Structural and Litter Pests (1986)

Rodents and litter beetles are recognized as important structural pests in poultry houses. Most important are the house mouse, Mus musculus L., and the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer). These pests are destructive to the fiberglass and polystyrene insulation in structural walls, causing serious losses. Rodent poisoning with brodifacoum, bromodiolone, and difenacoum is the most effective means of controlling even anticoagulant-resistant rodents. Late instar lesser mealworm larvae enter the insulation seeking a protected place to pupate. Later, the adults move into the insulation, expanding the holes and greatly increasing the damage. Increase of manure moisture is an important factor causing increased dispersion and migration into the insulation. The beetle larvae are more able to crawl up vertical pit walls constructed of wood than cinder block walls, thus allowing easier access to the insulation and causing greater damage. The insecticides chlorpyrophos, permethrin, stirofos, and carbaryl are toxic to both larvae and adults. Several new formulations of styrofoam insulation and two common types of paint applied to standard insulation were more resistant to beetle damage than untreated standard polystyrene insulation.
Engineering for Inclusion: Empowering Individuals with Physical and Neurological Differences through Engineering Invention, Research, and Development (2020)

Abstract We are proposing a new subfield of engineering, called Inclusion Engineering, that is defined as the use of engineering tools, design, research, and thinking to create environments through which individuals whose abilities and contributions would previously have been marginalized by society can become productive members within society, and at the same time, organizations and society as a whole are made better through more full engagement of the broad spectrum of human abilities.
在家上演“西洋景儿”——居室里的异域情节：淡淡欧风中国茶 (2006)

有人喜欢让生活开始于一次忘我的旅行．在辛格的家乡，看穿着红色长袍的神甫骑着脚踏车，棕色的腰带在远处高高飘起；看东欧人贫穷而抒情不羁的情调；异域他多的小站，这样或是那样的故事，却比早已稔熟于胸的情节更有力量。