gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Constitutive Transcription of the ProIL-1β Gene in Human CCR5+ CD4 T Cells is Distinct from that of Monocytes (2017)

Abstract Transcription of IL-1β activity has been extensively studied in stimulated myeloid cells, but not in lymphoid-derived CD4 T cells, the primary cellular target for infection by HIV. Most CCR5+ CD4 T cells in lymphoid tissues are non-permissive for productive HIV infection and die by Caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis, in which proInterleukin 1β (proIL-1β) precursor is converted to highly active mature IL-1β. It is unclear whether expression of proIL-1β protein in CCR5+ CD4 T cells is derived from active transcription of the IL1B gene, or from previously transcribed mRNA and/or stored protein. Our results reveal that despite very low amounts of IL1B mRNA, CCR5+ CD4 T cells accumulate intracellular proIL-1β protein at levels higher than that of both unstimulated myeloid THP-1 cells and CCR5− CD4 T cells. Further, we observe that the chromatin from CCR5+, but not CCR5− CD4 T cells, contain RNA polymerase II and bivalent H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 nucleosomes at the IL1B promoter, consistent with developmentally regulated constitutive gene expression. This observation contrasts with the rapidly activated and extremely robust H3K4me3 monovalent IL1B gene promoter in TLR4-activated monocytes. This unique phenomenon of CCR5+ CD4 T cells is important to understanding how non-myeloid lineage cells express and release significant levels of IL-1β in the apparent absence of transcription induction.
Towards an Integration of Information Security Management, Risk Management and Enterprise Architecture Management – A Literature Review (2019)

Organizations are faced with an increased number of security-related challenges. Our research interest is on information security matters with our proposition being that enterprise architecture management (EAM) can support risk management (RM) and information security management (ISM) for instance by providing a plethora of information about an organization's information assets. We conducted a literature review, which underlines our proposition. The pivotal question we aim to answer is how EAM, RM and ISM efforts can be integrated for "the greater good", i.e., to achieve a facilitation of RM and ISM through the adoption of EAM. As a result, we present an integrated conceptual model which places our findings in the context of the well-established concepts defined in ISO-27001, ISO-31000 and ISO-42010.
Thiol‐water proton exchange of glutathione, cysteine, and N‐acetylcysteine: Implications for CEST MRI (2019)

Amide-, amine-, and hydroxyl-water proton exchange can generate MRI contrast through chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). In this study, we show that thiol-water proton exchange can also generate quantifiable CEST effects under near-physiological conditions (pH = 7.2 and 37°C) through the characterization of the pH dependence of thiol proton exchange in phosphate-buffered solutions of glutathione, cysteine, and N-acetylcysteine. The spontaneous, base-catalyzed, and buffer-catalyzed exchange contributions to the thiol exchange were analyzed. The thiol-water proton exchange of glutathione and cysteine was found to be too fast to generate a CEST effect around neutral pH due to significant base catalysis. The thiol-water proton exchange of N-acetylcysteine was found to be much slower, yet still in the fast-exchange regime with significant base and buffer catalysis, resulting in a 9.5% attenuation of the water signal at pH 7.2 in a slice-selective CEST NMR experiment. Furthermore, the N-acetylcysteine thiol CEST was also detectable in human serum albumin and agarose phantoms.
An Introduction to Statistical Communication Theory (2009)

This IEEE Classic Reissue provides at an advanced level, a uniquely fundamental exposition of the applications of Statistical Communication Theory to a vast spectrum of important physical problems. Included are general analysis of signal detection, estimation, measurement, and related topics involving information transfer. Using the statistical Bayesian viewpoint, renowned author David Middleton employs statistical decision theory specifically tailored for the general tasks of signal processing. Dr. Middleton also provides a special focus on physical modeling of the canonical channel with real-world examples relating to radar, sonar, and general telecommunications. This book offers a detailed treatment and an array of problems and results spanning an exceptionally broad range of technical subjects in the communications field. Complete with special functions, integrals, solutions of integral equations, and an extensive, updated bibliography by chapter, An Introduction to Sta istical Communication Theory is a seminal reference, particularly for anyone working in the field of communications, as well as in other areas of statistical physics. (Originally published in 1960.)
Non-Redundant Roles for an Epo/EpoR/STAT5 Regulated Intracellular Serpin, Serpina-3G, during Epo- and Anemia- Induced Erythropoiesis (2008)

Abstract Interest in advancing a more sophisticated knowledge of EPOR action mechanisms remains intense based on the emergence of novel ESAs; cytoprotective effects of EPO and ESAs in ischemically injured tissues; and adverse effects of EPO on cancer progression. By employing primary bone marrow erythroblasts and global transcriptome analyses, we recently have discovered several previously undescribed EPO/EPOR response factors that regulate erythroid progenitor cell development. These include Cyclin-G2, the pseudokinase Tribbles-3 (TRB3), and a strongly EPO-induced intracellular serpin, Serpina-3G (S3G). Here we report on EPOR- mediated routes to S3G expression, and on phenotypes resulting from S3G’s reinforced, or disrupted expression. As determined using early-stage erythroid progenitors with minimal knocked-in EPOR alleles, S3G expression proved to depend upon an EPOR-PY343/STAT5 axis. At the protein level, S3G was cytoplasmically retained (as was S3G-flag in stably transduced G1E2 cells, and in transgenic Gata1-IE3.9int-S3G mice). Ectopic expression of S3G further revealed advantaged expansion capacities. To critically assess S3G’s function, S3G knock-out mice were prepared. Consistent with a hypothesis that S3G might affect erythropoiesis selectively during anemia, BFUe, CFUe and red cell levels in S3G-null mice at steady-state were not significantly perturbed. However, S3G’s deletion markedly impaired erythropoiesis during hemolytic anemia, and inhibited EPO- induced erythropoiesis per se. In particular, hematocrits during anemia in S3G-null mice fell to 23.0 +/− 2.2% as compared to 38.7 +/− 1.8% for S3G+/+ controls. In response to EPO, an increase in hematocrit of only 1.75 +/− 0.2% was exhibited for S3G-null mice as compared to 4.9 +/− 0.5% for S3G+/+ controls. Investigations therefore establish S3G as an important non-redundant mediator of EPO- and anemia- induced erythropoiesis. They also raise interesting new questions concerning the nature of S3G’s action pathways, and S3G’s candidate pro-erythroblast intrinsic target protease.
Polydatin attenuated food allergyviastore-operated calcium channels in mast cell (2013)

Taken together, our data indicate that PD stabilizes mast cells by suppressing intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization, mainly through inhibiting Ca(2+) entry via SOCs, thus exerting a protective role against OVA-sensitized food allergy.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereochemical Control of the Intramolecular Diels‐Alder Reaction by Remote Allylic Substituents on the Diene. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Current and next generation influenza vaccines: Formulation and production strategies (2015)

Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent influenza infection. However, current influenza vaccines have several limitations. Relatively long production times, limited vaccine capacity, moderate efficacy in certain populations and lack of cross-reactivity are important issues that need to be addressed. We give an overview of the current status and novel developments in the landscape of influenza vaccines from an interdisciplinary point of view. The feasibility of novel vaccine concepts not only depends on immunological or clinical outcomes, but also depends on biotechnological aspects, such as formulation and production methods, which are frequently overlooked. Furthermore, the next generation of influenza vaccines is addressed, which hopefully will bring cross-reactive influenza vaccines. These developments indicate that an exciting future lies ahead in the influenza vaccine field.
PicoBots -A small-sized exploration rover standard for universities (2010)

This poster will introduce a pico-class robotic platform primarily intended for future lunar exploration. Inspired by the Cubesat standard, an affordable and easy to fabricate design will be introduced allowing universities to develop and perform own rover-based missions. As all major space agencies have set the goal to go to Earths natural satellite in the near future, several opportunities will arise to piggyback to the moon. With a maximum weight of 1 kg, one or multiple PicoBots, plus an eventually needed base station, could easily fill mass budget margins. By utilizing the alternating tripod gait, adapted from simple insects like the cockroach, locomotion can be realized with only two actuators. In comparison to most exploration rovers, the chosen propulsion system leads to a lower number in ‘degrees of freedom’ and therefore a much higher demand for a simple environment. Main advantage, on the other hand, is that it minimizes the complexity of the control-algorithm and reduces the mass as well as the cost. Thanks to the progress in the field of MEMS-based technologies, subsystem components and instruments are available in small sizes, are lightweight and with low power requirements. PicoBots could either be specifically designed for a single mechanical task, e.g. sampling and analysis of rocks, or numerous sensoric payloads, like the seismo- or gravimeter. Swarm intelligence and behavior could also be an interesting field of research.
Coronary CT angiography features of ruptured and high-risk atherosclerotic plaques: Correlation with intra-vascular ultrasound (2017)

Compared with intravascular ultrasound, coronary CTA identifies ruptured plaque with good specificity but poor sensitivity. We have identified a novel high-risk feature on coronary CTA (necrotic core/fibrous plaque ratio that is associated with VH-IVUS defined-TCFA.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a New Sialyl Lewis X Mimetic Derived from Lactose (2002)

A sialyl Lewis X (sLe(x)) mimetic compound, 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl 3-O-carboxymethyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2a), has been synthesized in 14 steps from D-lactose. This synthesis features the use of the activated glycosylating donor, lactosyl iodide, in a Koenigs-Knorr sequence, the regioselective derivatization at the C-3 position of the galactose moiety, and the stereoselective construction of a fucose-alpha(1-->6)-lactose linkage. The mimetic was tested for its ability to inhibit human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (hPMNL) adhesion to immobilized recombinant human E-selectin under shear stress conditions.
Architectures pour la fourniture de services multimédias dans un contexte de mobilité de session inter-réseaux et inter-terminaux (2010)

Ces dernières années ont été marquées par l'essor de l'Internet mobile, favorisé par la diversification des services, des terminaux mobiles et les performances accrues de ces derniers. De nouveaux usages, comme la vidéo à la demande, se popularisent depuis sur les réseaux mobiles, imposant au passage de lourdes contraintes pour les opérateurs de ces réseaux, en terme de débit. Dans ce contexte, des solutions de mobilité inter-réseaux d'accès permettent à l'opérateur d'optimiser la charge sur l'ensemble de ses réseaux. Cependant, cette mobilité inter-réseaux d'accès impose à son tour l'utilisation de mécanismes d'adaptation des services à leur environnement, sans cesse modifié. Les travaux menés durant la thèse montre le potentiel du codage vidéo scalable SVC (Scalable Video Coding) comme solution d'adaptation pour les services de vidéo à la demande. Nous avons proposé une architecture globale découplant la gestion du service de la mobilité et étudié les algorithmes nécessaires permettant de satisfaire au mieux les besoins de l'utilisateur tout en optimisant l'usage des ressources de l'opérateur. Nous avons analysé le déploiement possible de cette architecture pour un opérateur et réalisé une plate-forme de démonstration dévoilant le potentiel de l'approche adoptée. Par ailleurs, nous avons également mené des études sur la thématique de la mobilité de sessions inter-terminaux afin de permettre le transfert, la récupération et le contrôle de sessions entre terminaux, du même utilisateur ou non. Dans ce contexte, nous avons étendu l'architecture actuellement en cours de spécification au 3GPP, en proposant l'ajout d'une entité dédiée à la collecte et la redistribution d'informations concernant les sessions.
ANALYZING TABLES OF STATISTICAL TESTS (1989)

Technique non parametrique pour la signification statistique de tables de tests utilisees dans les etudes sur l'evolution notamment
Vivaldi Antenna Array With Heat Dissipation Enhancement for Millimeter-Wave Applications (2021)

In this article, a new type of Vivaldi antenna with heat dissipation enhancement is proposed and manufactured based on 3-D printing and printed circuit board (PCB) technologies. A longitudinal slot on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is employed to feed Vivaldi radiation structure, which replaces the balun structure of traditional Vivaldi antennas. The measured 10 dB bandwidth of antenna element reaches up to 34.48% (21.77–30.39 GHz) and the in-band realized boresight gain is 6.5–8.8 dBi. The <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> Vivaldi antenna array with 28.72% (21.63–28.81 GHz) bandwidth and a gain range of 10.5–12.5 dBi is achieved. The fin-shaped structure of the antenna array further enhances the heat dissipation while increasing the gain up to the range of 13.4–15.5 dBi. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones. The proposed antenna array has important application potential in 5G millimeter-wave systems.
Photochemistry (2000)

The breadth of scientific and technological interests in the general topic of photochemistry is truly enormous and includes, for example, such diverse areas as microelectronics, atmospheric chemistry, organic synthesis, non-conventional photoimaging, photosynthesis, solar energy conversion, polymer technologies, and spectroscopy. This Specialist Periodical Report on Photochemistry aims to provide an annual review of photo-induced processes that have relevance to the above wide-ranging academic and commercial disciplines, and interests in chemistry, physics, biology and technology. In order to provide easy access to this vast and varied literature, each volume of Photochemistry comprises sections concerned with photophysical processes in condensed phases, organic aspects which are sub-divided by chromophore type, polymer photochemistry, and photochemical aspects of solar energy conversion. Volume 34 covers literature published from July 2001 to June 2002. Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject areas, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, with regular, in-depth accounts of progress in particular fields of chemistry. Subject coverage within different volumes of a given title is similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis.
Signaling lipid control of biological barriers (2007)

Development of specific chemical probes of S1P1 receptor function now allow the titration of the S1P‐S1P1 rheostat in both in vitro and in vivo systems. The use of matched agonist‐antagonist pairs is providing new insights into the control of lymphocyte recirculation and the regulation of vascular integrity in both skin and lungs. Combining the use of chemical probe agonists and antagonists with multi‐photon intravital imaging has allowed the direct visualization of the effects of S1P1 activation on the closing of stromal gates regulating the egress of lymphocytes across efferent lymphatic endothelium, and highlight the role of the system in the maintenance of endothelial barriers. Advantages of the chemical approach have included potency, selectivity and reversibility, with the ability to induce first loss and then restoration of function in whole animal and in vitro systems in the same experiment. These approaches provide experimental evidence differentiating homeostatic or tonic functions of signaling lipids like S1P, from induced or evoked functions, and shed light into mechanism‐based advantages and toxicities or pathophysiologies that are associated with alterations in signaling lipid metabolism.
From Fancy Blue to Red: Controlled Production of a Vibrant Color Spectrum of Fluorescent Diamond Particles (2019)

Abstract The current study reports a breakthrough method for production of multicolor diamond particulates using a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) approach with precise temperature and time control, enabling annealing of diamond particulates up to 2100 °C without extensive graphitization. The RTA method generates conditions which allow formation of one‐, two‐, and three‐atom nitrogen complexes with vacancies in electron irradiated type Ib synthetic diamond, providing vibrant luminescence in the red, green, and blue spectral ranges, correspondingly. Controlled and highly reproducible formation of specific color centers previously not possible in type Ib synthetic diamond particles opens new opportunities for particulate diamond in a plethora of fluorescence imaging applications in biological and industrial fields.
A Structurally Based Stress-Stretch Relationship for Tendon and Ligament (1997)

We propose a mechanical model for tendon or ligament stress-stretch behavior that includes both microstructural and tissue level aspects of the structural hierarchy in its formulation. At the microstructural scale, a constitutive law for collagen fibers is derived based on a strain-energy formulation. The three-dimensional orientation and deformation of the collagen fibrils that aggregate to form fibers are taken into consideration. Fibril orientation is represented by a probability distribution function that is axisymmetric with respect to the fiber. Fiber deformation is assumed to be incompressible and axisymmetric. The matrix is assumed to contribute to stress only through a constant hydrostatic pressure term. At the tissue level, an average stress versus stretch relation is computed by assuming a statistical distribution for fiber straightening during tissue loading. Fiber straightening stretch is assumed to be distributed according to a Weibull probability distribution function. The resulting comprehensive stress-stretch law includes seven parameters, which represent structural and microstructural organization, fibril elasticity, as well as a failure criterion. The failure criterion is stretch based. It is applied at the fibril level for disorganized tissues but can be applied more simply at a fiber level for well-organized tissues with effectively parallel fibrils. The influence of these seven parameters on tissue stress-stretch response is discussed and a simplified form of the model is shown to characterize the nonlinear experimentally determined response of healing medial collateral ligaments. In addition, microstructural fibril organizational data (Frank et al., 1991, 1992) are used to demonstrate how fibril organization affects material stiffness according to the formulation. A simplified form, assuming a linearly elastic fiber stress versus stretch relationship, is shown to be useful for quantifying experimentally determined nonlinear toe-in and failure behavior of tendons and ligaments. We believe this ligament and tendon stress-stretch law can be useful in the elucidation of the complex relationships between collagen structure, fibril elasticity, and mechanical response.
Model-based whole-brain effective connectivity to study distributed cognition in health and disease (2019)

Abstract Neuroimaging techniques are now widely used to study human cognition. The functional associations between brain areas have become a standard proxy to describe how cognitive processes are distributed across the brain network. Among the many analysis tools available, dynamic models of brain activity have been developed to overcome the limitations of measures like functional connectivity, via the estimation of directional interactions between brain areas. This opinion article provides an overview of our model-based whole-brain effective connectivity (MOU-EC) to analyze fMRI data, which is named so because our framework relies on the multivariate Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (MOU). We also discuss it with respect to other established methods. Once the model tuned, the directional MOU-EC estimate reflects the dynamical state of BOLD activity. For illustration purpose, we focus on two applications on task-evoked fMRI data. First, MOU-EC can be used to extract biomarkers for task-specific brain coordination. The multivariate nature of connectivity measures raises several challenges for whole-brain analysis, for which machine-learning tools present some advantages over statistical testing. Second, we show how to interpret changes in MOU-EC connections in a collective manner, bridging with network analysis. Our framework provides a comprehensive set of tools to study distributed cognition, as well as neuropathologies.
Phosphodiesterase-3 inhibition augments the myocardial infarct size-limiting effects of exenatide in mice with type 2 diabetes (2012)

Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor activation increases intracellular cAMP with downstream activation of PKA. Cilostazol (CIL), a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor, prevents cAMP degradation. We assessed whether CIL amplifies the exenatide (EX)-induced increase in myocardial cAMP levels and PKA activity and augments the infarct size (IS)-limiting effects of EX in db/db mice. Mice fed a Western diet received oral CIL (10 mg/kg) or vehicle by oral gavage 24 h before surgery. One hour before surgery, mice received EX (1 μg/kg sc) or vehicle. Additional mice received H-89, a PKA inhibitor, alone or with CIL + EX. Mice underwent 30 min of coronary artery occlusion and 24 h of reperfusion. Both EX and CIL increased myocardial cAMP levels and PKA activity. Levels were significantly higher in the EX + CIL group. Both EX and CIL reduced IS. IS was the smallest in the CIL + EX group. H-89 completely blocked the IS-limiting effects of EX + CIL. EX + CIL decreased phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10 upregulation and increased Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation after ischemia-reperfusion. These effects were blocked by H-89. In conclusion, EX and CIL have additive effects on IS limitation in diabetic mice. The additive effects are related to cAMP-induced PKA activation, as H-89 blocked the protective effect of CIL + EX.