gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predicting Future Botnet Addresses with Uncleanliness (2007)

The increased use of botnets as an attack tool and the awareness attackers have of blocking lists leads to the question of whether we can effectively predict future bot locations. To that end, we introduce a network quality that we term uncleanliness: an indicator of the propensity for hosts in a network to be compromised by outside parties. We hypothesize that unclean networks will demonstrate two properties: spatial and temporal uncleanliness. Spatial uncleanliness is the tendency for compromised hosts to cluster more densely within unclean networks. Temporal uncleanliness is the tendency for unclean networks to contain compromised hosts for extended periods. We test for these properties by collating data from multiple indicators (spamming, phishing, scanning and botnet IRC log monitoring). We demonstrate evidence for both spatial and temporal uncleanliness. We further show evidence for cross-relationship between the various datasets, showing that botnet activity predicts spamming and scanning, while phishing activity appears to be unrelated to the other indicators.
Uncertainty assessment in the stratigraphic well correlation of a carbonate ramp: Method and application to the Beausset Basin, SE France (2016)

We assess stratigraphic correlation uncertainties by stochastically generating several possible correlations lines between a set of stratigraphic logs. We motivate the use of automatic correlation methods to sample this uncertainty and introduce a stochastic version of Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) that correlates two logs. This method is extended to a larger number of logs using a sequential application of DTW. When available, low-frequency stratigraphic events are correlated first, and then used to constrain the correlation of higher-order events. All DTW variants use elementary correlation costs corresponding to the likelihood of each possible horizon. The method is demonstrated on a carbonate ramp of the Cretaceous southern Provence Basin, SE France, using costs that measure the consistency between the computed platform slope angle and a theoretical depositional profile. We show that these correlation uncertainties significantly impact facies proportions in stratigraphic layers.
Patient motion tracking for non‐isocentric and non‐coplanar treatments via fixed frame‐of‐reference 3D camera (2020)

By mounting a 3D camera in the same frame-of-reference as the patient and eliminating dead spots, this proof of concept demonstrates real-time patient monitoring during couch motion. For treatments with non-coplanar beams, multiple isocenters, or dynamic couch motion, this provides additional safety without additional radiation dose and avoids some of the complexity and limitations of room mounted systems.
Pharmacodynamic of the antioxidant action of alpha-tocopherol and its derivatives in liver, brain, heart and skeletal muscles. (2000)

The aim of the present work was to determine the pharmacodynamics of antioxidant effect of alpha-tocopherol and its derivatives (alpha-tocopheryl esters and chromanols with different chain-length) in the animal tissues, as well as the role of cytochrome P-450 in biotransformation of these compounds. Alpha-tocopherol and its derivatives were injected intraperitoneally in rats or mice in a single dose of 100 mmol per kg b.w. The animals were sacrificed at different time intervals (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36 hours) and the liver, heart, brain and skeletal muscles were removed, homogenized and incubated with lipid peroxidation (LPO) inducers (Fe2+ + ascorbate). LPO was evidenced by the generated malone dialdehyde (MDA). Data were expressed as percentage of LPO inhibition by alpha-tocopherol or its derivatives as compared to control group. The kinetic curves of the inhibitory action of alpha-tocopherol and its derivatives on LPO were characterized by three phases: a phase of increasing antioxidant activity, a phase of maximal antioxidant activity (about 60-95% LPO inhibition), and a phase of decreasing antioxidant activity. Alpha-tocopheryl esters possessed dynamics of antioxidant action the same as alpha-tocopherol. Therefore the hydrolysis of alpha-tocopheryl esters in animal organism is not a limiting factor for their antioxidant effect. The alpha-tocopherol derivatives with short chain-length (C1, C6) had a shorter half-life in animal tissues as compared to alpha-tocopherol or its esters. In vitro experiments showed that C1 and C6 are substrates of cytochrome P-450. In contrast, alpha-tocopherol and its esters did not bind to cytochrome P-450 even at concentrations as high as 10 mmol/l. Apparently, C1 and C6 underwent biotransformation and were excreeted more quickly from the organism.
Influence of Semicrystalline Morphology on the Glass Transition of Poly(L‐lactic acid) (2006)

Abstract Summary: Semicrystalline specimens of poly( L ‐lactic acid) (PLLA) were prepared by isothermal cold‐ or melt‐crystallization over a wide temperature range. The morphologies at different length scales were characterized using polarized optical microscopy, WAXS and SAXS. The glass transition temperature ( T g ), determined calorimetrically, exhibited a general decrease with an increase in crystallization temperature ( T c ) for either cold‐ or melt‐crystallized specimens. The measurements of the heat capacity increment at T g indicated that a significant amount of the rigid amorphous fraction coexisted with the crystalline and mobile amorphous phases in semicrystalline PLLA. A three‐phase model (crystalline phase, mobile amorphous phase and rigid amorphous phase) is, therefore, appropriate for the interpretation of the structure of semicrystalline PLLA. According to a one‐dimensional layer stack model, the layer thicknesses of the three phases were further evaluated approximately. The increasing of T g was found to be correlated to significant decreasing thickness of the crystalline layer, gradual decreasing thickness of the rigid amorphous layer, and a slight increasing trend in the thickness of the mobile amorphous layer. We suggest that the rigid amorphous layer of semicrystalline PLLA may possibly play a role in loosening the constraints imposed by the crystalline layer on the amorphous chain motions inherent to the glass transition. The optical microscopy photograph shows the spherulitic morphologies developed after melt crystallization at 140 °C. magnified image The optical microscopy photograph shows the spherulitic morphologies developed after melt crystallization at 140 °C.
Radar detection of targets: new theoretical findings and results by processing recorded live data (2002)

An overview on a number of new theoretical findings is presented for the optimum and suboptimum radar detection of fluctuating targets against a composite disturbance, which is modeled as a mixture of coherent K-distributed and Gaussian distributed disturbance. The optimum coherent detector, which derives from the likelihood ratio test, is used as the performance bound. Starting from some of its possible different analytical formulations, the optimum detector is approximated to give a family of suboptimum detectors, with performance close to optimal. The adaptive implementation of these detectors is discussed and the adaptivity loss is evaluated. The detection schemes are then fed with recorded live clutter data, and their performance are analyzed in such environment. The validity of the theoretical analysis is thus assessed as well as the practicality of the suboptimum detection schemes presented.
Reactive motion planning for an intelligent vehicle (2003)

Deals with the problem of controlling the motion of a car-like vehicle moving in a dynamic environment. The authors propose a dynamic approach which enables the vehicle to autonomously avoid stationary and moving obstacles while executing a nominal motion plan. The framework of this research programme is the European Prometheus Eureka project whose purpose is to design autonomous cars in order to increase the safety in traffic situations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Entanglement and Non-locality in a Micro-Macroscopic system (2008)

In recent years two fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics have attracted a great deal of interest, namely the investigation on the irreducible nonlocal properties of Nature implied by quantum entanglement and the physical realization of the 'Schroedinger Cat'. In the present work a macro - state consisting of about 3.5 x 10^4 photons in a quantum superposition and entangled with a far apart single - photon state is generated. Then, the non-separability of the overall micro-macro system is demonstrated and the corresponding Bell's inequalities are found to be violated. Precisely, an entangled photon pair is created by a nonlinear optical process, then one photon of the pair is injected into an optical parametric amplifier operating for any input polarization state, i.e. into a phase-covariant cloning machine. Such transformation establishes a connection between the single photon and the multi particle fields. We then demonstrate the non-separability of the bipartite system by adopting a local filtering technique within a positive operator valued measurement.
Uptake of bleomycin adsorbed on to activated carbon particles by regional lymph nodes of the esophagus in dogs. (1993)

Two bleomycin (BLM)-containing agents (BLM-CH, BLM-SOL) were prepared, and the possible usefulness of BLM-CH in the targeting of chemotherapy for esophageal cancer was studied. BLM-CH is an agent in which BLM is adsorbed on to activated carbon particles, and BLM-SOL is an aqueous solution of BLM. BLM-CH or BLM-SOL was injected into the submucosa of the middle thoracic esophagus of 14 mongrel dogs under endoscopic control. Three days after the administration, regional lymph nodes, connective tissues, liver, lung and spleen were removed, and BLM in the specimens was measured. When BLM-CH was administered, BLM was demonstrated not only in the lymph nodes near the injection site but also in the cervical and abdominal ones. In contrast, BLM was not detected in any lymph nodes when BLM-SOL was administered. Light and electron microscopic observation showed that activated carbon particles diffused and were distributed in the lymph nodes. The latter findings also revealed their existence in the interstices of lymphatic tissues and macrophages. When BLM-CH was injected, BLM in the blood was significantly lower when compared with the results of BLM-SOL administration. The results obtained indicate that BLM-CH may probably become a useful tool in targeting chemotherapy for esophageal cancer.
Epstein-Barr Viruses That Express a CD21 Antibody Provide Evidence that gp350's Functions Extend beyond B-Cell Surface Binding (2009)

The gp350 glycoprotein encoded by BLLF1 is crucial for efficient Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of resting B cells. Gp350 binds to CD21, but whether this interaction sums up its functions remains unknown. We generated gp350-null EBVs that display CD19-, CD21-, or CD22-specific antibodies at their surface (designated as DeltaBLLF1-Ab). Gp350-complemented (DeltaBLLF1-C) and DeltaBLLF1-Ab were found to bind equally well to B cells. Surprisingly, DeltaBLLF1 binding was reduced only 1.7-fold relative to its complemented counterparts. Furthermore, B cells exposed to DeltaBLLF1-Ab or DeltaBLLF1 viruses presented structural antigens with comparable efficiency and achieved 25 to 80% of the T-cell activation elicited by DeltaBLLF1-C. These findings show that the gp350-CD21 interaction pair plays only a modest role during virus transfer to the endosomal compartment. However, primary B cells or Raji B cells infected with DeltaBLLF1-C viruses displayed a 35- to 70-fold higher infection rates than those exposed to DeltaBLLF1, DeltaBLLF1-CD22Ab, or DeltaBLLF1-CD19Ab viruses. Complementation of the gp350 knockout phenotype with CD21Ab substantially enhanced infection rates relative to DeltaBLLF1 but remained sevenfold (Raji B-cell line) to sixfold (primary B cells) less efficient than with gp350. We therefore infer that gp350 mainly exerts its functions after the internalization step, presumably during release of the viral capsid from the endosomal compartment, and that CD21-dependent but also CD21-independent molecular mechanisms are involved in this process. The latter appear to be characteristic of B-cell infection since transfection of CD21 in 293 cells improved the infection rates with both DeltaBLLF1-CD21Ab and DeltaBLLF1-C to a similar extent.
147 Hepatitis C and cancer (2009)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus classified within the Flaviviridae family. It infects 3-4 MM individuals in the USA alone and an estimated 170 MM worldwide. Around 75% of acute infections develop into life-long infections which are associated with varying levels and types of liver and other diseases. While the majority of infected individuals only have mild forms of hepatitis, some can develop chronic lobular hepatitis that then proceeds sequentially through chronic active hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma. The latter is always preceded by cirrhosis suggesting that the continually-inflamed liver may itself be a direct cause of tumorigenesis. However, certain HCV gene products may also play a role since the nucleocapsid and nonstructural proteins 3 & 4 have been shown to induce tumorigenesis when overexpressed in various cellular and animal models. HCV-associated extrahepatic diseases include mixed cryoglobulinemia, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, porphyria cutanea tarda and there is some association with non-Hodgkin's B cell lymphoma. The latter may be mediated by the engagement of the HCV receptor, CD81 by envelope glycoprotein 2 within circulating HCV virions. Many co-factors of HCV-associated disease are known including gender (with the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma being lower in females), alcohol use, duration of infection and co-infection with other hepatotropic viruses as well as co-infection with HIV. Individuals co-infected with HIV & HCV often develop severe liver disease. Vaccine strategies to prevent the development of persistent infection are now looking promising. Vaccines eliciting cross-neutralising antibodies or cross-reacting cellular immune responses in non-human primates are able to prevent chronic infection following experimental challenge with heterologous viral strains thus mirroring the correlates of protection in humans that are able to spontaneously eradicate acute HCV infection. Standard-of-care therapy comprises pegylated alpha-interferon along with ribavirin, a mixture that is thought to have direct antiviral and immunomodulatory activity. Patients with chronic hepatitis and even liver cirrhosis can be normalized by this therapy with virus eradication, although 12 months of treatment are required for the common genotype 1 infections and even then, less than 50% of patients are permanently cured. However, progress is occurring through the use of more specific antivirals that inhibit the viral serine protease, the viral replicase and other targets like nonstructural protein 5a that plays an essential role in virion production. Therefore, we can anticipate a combination therapy to emerge within the next decade that will cure the large majority of HCV patients and a vaccine that could prevent the chronic sequelae of the estimated 25,000 new infections still occurring annually in the USA alone.
Land surface temperature from Ka band (37 GHz) passive microwave observations (2009)

An alternative to thermal infrared satellite sensors for measuring land surface temperature ( T s ) is presented. The 37 GHz vertical polarized brightness temperature is used to derive T s because it is considered the most appropriate microwave frequency for temperature retrieval. This channel balances a reduced sensitivity to soil surface characteristics with a relatively high atmospheric transmissivity. It is shown that with a simple linear relationship, accurate values for T s can be obtained from this frequency, with a theoretical bias of within 1 K for 70% of vegetated land areas of the globe. Barren, sparsely vegetated, and open shrublands cannot be accurately described with this single channel approach because variable surface conditions become important. The precision of the retrieved land surface temperature is expected to be better than 2.5 K for forests and 3.5 K for low vegetation. This method can be used to complement existing infrared derived temperature products, especially during clouded conditions. With several microwave radiometers currently in orbit, this method can be used to observe the diurnal temperature cycles with surprising accuracy.
The Evolution of Small Insertions and Deletions in the Coding Genes of Drosophila melanogaster (2013)

Studies of protein evolution have focused on amino acid substitutions with much less systematic analysis on insertion and deletions (indels) in protein coding genes. We hence surveyed 7,500 genes between Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans, using D. yakuba as an outgroup for this purpose. The evolutionary rate of coding indels is indeed low, at only 3% of that of nonsynonymous substitutions. As coding indels follow a geometric distribution in size and tend to fall in low-complexity regions of proteins, it is unclear whether selection or mutation underlies this low rate. To resolve the issue, we collected genomic sequences from an isogenic African line of D. melanogaster (ZS30) at a high coverage of 70× and analyzed indel polymorphism between ZS30 and the reference genome. In comparing polymorphism and divergence, we found that the divergence to polymorphism ratio (i.e., fixation index) for smaller indels (size ≤ 10 bp) is very similar to that for synonymous changes, suggesting that most of the within-species polymorphism and between-species divergence for indels are selectively neutral. Interestingly, deletions of larger sizes (size ≥ 11 bp and ≤ 30 bp) have a much higher fixation index than synonymous mutations and 44.4% of fixed middle-sized deletions are estimated to be adaptive. To our surprise, this pattern is not found for insertions. Protein indel evolution appear to be in a dynamic flux of neutrally driven expansion (insertions) together with adaptive-driven contraction (deletions), and these observations provide important insights for understanding the fitness of new mutations as well as the evolutionary driving forces for genomic evolution in Drosophila species.
Low-resistance smooth-surface Ti/Al/Cr/Mo/Au n-type Ohmic contact to AlGaN/GaN heterostructures (2009)

A comparative study of the specific contact resistivity and surface morphology of Ti/Al/Ni/Au, Ti/Cr/Mo/Au, and Ti/Al/Cr/Mo/Au metal contact stacks on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures is reported. Compared to the conventional Ti/Al/Ni/Au contact, the Ti/Al/Cr/Mo/Au contact has much smoother surface and achieves minimum specific contact resistivity of 1.1×10−6 Ω cm2. This contact maintains its low contact resistivity after storage at 200 °C for 100 h in N2. The robustness of this contact is attributed to the Cr and Mo layers, which suppress the formation of Al–Au alloys in the contact stack.
Data for Synchronization in optically-trapped polariton Stuart-Landau networks (2020)

Data for paper published in Physical Review B, entitled Synchronization in optically-trapped polariton Stuart-Landau networks. Dataset to contain data of figures 1,2,3,4,5,8 &amp; 9.
Coordinated investigation of catalytic properties and IR spectra of high-silica zeolites in ethylene conversions (1985)

Catalytic data on ethylene conversion have been compared with the results from an IR spectroscopic study of the composition of the hydroxyl groups and adsorbed reaction products, for exactly the same specimens of high-silica zeolites H-TsVK and H-TsVM, and also a boron-containing silicate (BS) and a silicate without boron (H-S). It has been shown that among the active centers of these catalysts are acidic hydroxyl groups with a stretching frequency of 3610 cm/sup -1/ for vibrations of the O-H bond. In the process of repeated regenerations of the H-TsVK and H-TsVM zeolites, the aluminum is partly removed from the skeleton, resulting in the appearance of new acidic hydroxyl groups corresponding to a band at 3680 cm/sup -1/ in the IR spectra. However, these OH groups do not participate in catalytic conversions of ethylene. It is suggested that C/sub 9/-C/sub 12/ aromatic hydrocarbons are not formed in the channels of the zeolites, but on their outer surface.
Plasma-derived proteomic biomarkers in human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical or human leukocyte antigen-matched bone marrow transplantation using post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (2017)

Recent studies have suggested that plasma-derived proteins may be potential biomarkers relevant for graft-versus-host disease and/or non-relapse mortality occurring after allogeneic blood or marrow transplantation. However, none of these putative biomarkers have been assessed in patients treated either with human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical blood or marrow transplantation or with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide, which has been repeatedly associated with low rates of severe acute graft-versus-host disease, chronic graft-versus-host disease, and non-relapse mortality. We explored whether seven of these plasma-derived proteins, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, were predictive of clinical outcomes in post-transplantation cyclophosphamide-treated patients using plasma samples collected at serial predetermined timepoints from patients treated on prospective clinical studies of human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical (n=58; clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: 00796562) or human leukocyte antigen-matched-related or -unrelated (n=100; clinicaltrials.gov Identifiers: 00134017 and 00809276) T-cell-replete bone marrow transplantation. Day 30 levels of interleukin-2 receptor α, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, serum STimulation-2 (IL1RL1 gene product), and regenerating islet-derived 3-α all had high areas under the curve of 0.74-0.97 for predicting non-relapse mortality occurrence by 3 months post-transplant in both the human leukocyte antigen-matched and human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical cohorts. In both cohorts, all four of these proteins were also predictive of subsequent non-relapse mortality occurring by 6, 9, or 12 months post-transplant and were significantly associated with non-relapse mortality in univariable analyses. Furthermore, day 30 elevations of interleukin-2 receptor α were associated with grade II-IV and III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease occurring after day 30 in both cohorts. These data confirm that plasma-derived proteins previously assessed in other transplantation platforms appear to retain prognostic and predictive utility in patients treated with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide.
Social interaction between robots, avatars & amp; humans (2006)

With the recent development of the field of social robotics and in particular the need to negotiate explicit social interaction and behaviour between both socially capable robots and between robots and humans, this work presents the development of a framework which supports coherent social interaction between real and artificial systems. The social robot architecture is implemented in conjunction with the virtual robotic workbench, a cohesive framework which integrates physical robots, virtual robot avatars and humans in a shared social space.
A 125 Mbs CMOS all-digital data transceiver using synchronous uniform sampling (2002)

A 125 Mb/s all digital monolithic transceiver circuit using a 0.8 /spl mu/m, double-metal digital CMOS process is intended for the digital transceiver core of a CMOS VLSI FDDI chip. All components used are digital with no biasing or analog control. The circuit recovers any arbitrary binary sequence and is readily implemented in digital CMOS technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>