gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A suitable algorithm for computing partial transitive closures in databases (2002)

The computation of partial transitive closures is considered as an elementary operation for implementing deductive database systems. A new algorithm supporting this operation is presented. Unlike previously published algorithms, which are based on either matrix manipulations or depth-first search strategy, the algorithm presented uses breadth-first search as its dominant traversal strategy, a graph compression method to minimize temporary results, and Tarjan's technique in a new way to deal with strongly connected components. It is shown that this algorithm is especially suitable for computing partial transitive closures in databases, for it also aims at the minimization of disk I/O. Preliminary results of a simulation confirm this suitability. In addition, considerations about the implementation are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Prey capture behavior in Heterometrus petersii (Thorell, 1876) (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae) (2009)

Prey capture by Heterometrus petersii (Thorell, 1876) (Scorpionidae) was observed in the laboratory. The behavior components displayed in prey capture were identified, compiled into a flow chart, analyzed and discussed.
[Intergeneric hydridization of the actinomycetes Streptoverticillium mycoheptinicum and Streptomyces coelicolor]. (1984)

Intergeneric crossing of the actinomycetes Streptoverticillium mycoheptinicum and Streptomyces coelicolor yielded recombinants which were mostly nonviable and unstable despite a relatively high frequency (10(-2)-10(-4)) at which their colonies appeared. The rare viable and stable recombinants were prototrophs. The structure of antibiotics in the hybrid cell may be modified as follows from the differences in the antibiotic activity of the LIA-973 hybrid and the parent strains.
Internal surfaces of porous media studied by nuclear magnetic resonance cryoporometry (1998)

The filling processes of water and cyclohexane in porous silica (with a characteristic pore size of 60 Å) are investigated using the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique of cryoporometry. In this technique, the liquid was frozen in the pores before the temperature was raised gradually; melting the smallest particles first and then particles of increased size. The volume of the molten liquid present was measured using the height of a T2 spin echo. The experiments were performed with filling fractions ranging from 10% to 100%. The results showed distinctly different behaviors of the fluids, which depended on the surface adhesion. It was found that water (a fluid which wets the pore surface) forms small puddles—much smaller than the smallest pore size—at low filling fractions. These puddles grow in size as more water is added until all the pore volume is filled. Cyclohexane (a non-wetting fluid) on the other hand, does not form small puddles but completely fills the pores with a preference for the smaller pores. Water is found to give more accurate results for the pore size distribution than cyclohexane, in 60 Å silica.
A COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR EVALUATING NETWORK TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS (1980)

This report documents work conducted under the Federal Highway Administration research project Application of UTCS First Generation Control Software to Arterials. The project included a comprehensive evaluation of UTCS first generation control software in New Orleans, Louisiana, and research on selected aspects of traffic signal control. This report summarizes a detailed review and comparison of alternative evaluation methods. This report examines the observation matching and statistical relationships between volume and performance evaluation methods in detail. Section II describes the general concept and application of these methods. Section III presents the results of applying these two methods in a comprehensive evaluation of alternative control strategies in New Orleans, Louisiana. Section IV summarizes the analysis and presents specific guidelines for future evaluation studies. (FHWA)
Selective laser melting of nickel powder (2017)

Purpose Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technology that is gaining industrial and research interest as it can directly fabricate near full density metallic components. The paper aims to identify suitable process parameters for SLM of processing of pure nickel powder and to study the microstructure of such products. The study also aims to characterize the microhardness and tensile properties of pure nickel produced by SLM. Design/methodology/approach A 2 4 factorial design experiment was carried out to identify the most significant factors on the resultant porosity of nickel parts. A subsequent experiment was carried out with a laser power of 350 W. The scanning speeds and hatch spacings were varied. Findings Scanning speed and hatch spacing have significant effects on the porosity of SLM components. A high relative density of 98.9 per cent was achieved, and microhardness of 140 to 160 Hv was obtained from these samples. A tensile strength 452 MPa was obtained. Research limitations/implications As the energy input levels were made in steps of 20 J/mm 3 for the optimization study, the true optimal combination of parameters may have been missed. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the parameters with smaller variations in energy levels. Practical implications The paper provides a set of optimized parameters for the SLM of pure nickel. This study enables the three-dimensional (3D) printing of objects with nickel, which has applications in chemical catalyses and in microelectromechanical systems with its magnetostrictive properties. Originality value This research is the first in direct processing of pure nickel using SLM, with the identification of suitable process parameters. The study also provides an understanding of the porosity, microhardness, strength and microstructure of SLM produced nickel parts. This work paves the way for standardization of 3D printed nickel components and enables the applications of pure nickel via SLM.
Y-Piece Temperature and Humidification During Mechanical Ventilation (2009)

Maintaining temperature at one point in the inspiratory circuit (eg, Y-piece), does not ensure adequate water-vapor delivery. Other factors (humidification system, V (E), gradient setting) are critical. At a given temperature, humidification may be significantly higher or lower than expected.
Cooperation in multiple access channels with states (2010)

We investigate the capacity of a multiple access channel with cooperating encoders where partial state information is known to each encoder in a non-causal way and full state information is known to the decoder. The cooperation between the encoders has a two-fold purpose: to generate empirical state coordination between the encoders, and to share information about the private messages that each encoder has. For two-way cooperation, this two-fold purpose is achieved by double-binning, where the first layer of binning is used to generate the state coordination similarly to the two-way source coding, and the second layer of binning is used to transmit information about the private messages. The complete result provides the framework and perspective for addressing a complex level of cooperation that mixes states and messages in an optimal way.
10Gb/s&times;2ch optical transmission in 1.47-&mu;m wavelength band using a Tm<sup>3+</sup>-doped fiber amplifier (1998)

10Gb/s2ch optical transmission in 1.47-m
Segmentation of thigh's muscle for virtual human based on color similarity coefficient (2005)

The study of visualized virtual human is the beginning stage of the virtual human project.And the necessary precondition of visualized virtual human research is the success of fast and exact segmentation that aims at the color image data set.In this paper,a segmentation method that is often used for the fast recognizing target in soccer robot system is imported.In the color space of RGB,the result of color similarity between two pixels is used to judge that whether they have the comparability on the base of the threshold enacted.This method leaves out the conversion process of color space in other ways of segmentation for color image.It saves a lot of time of calculation and increases the efficiency of segmentation.The experiment result proves that this method can segment the color image effectively,and accords with the human's vision identity.It is especially propitious to the organic segmentation for the plentiful color image of virtual human project.
RETRACTED: Thymoquinone-Loaded Soy-Phospholipid-Based Phytosomes Exhibit Anticancer Potential against Human Lung Cancer Cells (2020)

Thymoquinone (TQ), a natural polyphenol, has been associated with various pharmacological responses; however, low bioavailability of TQ limits its clinical application. Thus, a novel phytosomal delivery system of TQ-Phospholipon<sup>®</sup> 90H complex (TQ-phytosome) was developed by refluxing combined with anti-solvent precipitation. This TQ delivery system was optimized by a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design. The optimized TQ-phytosome size was (45.59 ± 1.82 nm) and the vesicle size was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The in vitro release pattern of the formulation indicated a biphasic release pattern, where an initial burst release was observed within 2 h, followed by a prolonged release. A remarkable increase in dose-dependent cytotoxicity was evident from the significant decrease in IC<sub>50</sub> value of TQ-phytosomes (4.31 ± 2.21 µM) against the A549 cell line. The differential effect of TQ-phytosomes in cell cycle analysis was observed, where cancer cells were accumulated on G2-M and pre-G1 phases. Furthermore, increased apoptotic induction and cell necrosis of TQ-phytosomes were revealed with the annexin V staining technique via activation of caspase-3. In reactive oxygen species (ROS) analysis, TQ-phytosomes acted to significantly increase ROS generation in A549 cells. In conclusion, the sustained release profile with significantly-improved anticancer potential could be obtained with TQ by this phytosomal nanocarrier platform.
Finite temperature quantum entanglement (2007)

Some of our previous research showed some interesting results regarding the effect of non-zero temperature on a specified quantum computation. For example, our analysis revealed that more Grover iterations are required to amplify the amplitude of the solution in a quantum search problem when the system is found at some finite temperature. We want to further study the effects of temperature on quantum entanglement using a finite temperature field theoretical description. Such a framework could prove to be useful for the understanding of computational dynamics inside a quantum computer. Other issues that we will address in our discussion include analytical descriptions of the effects of the temperature in the Von Newman entropy and others as a measure of entanglement.
Influence of Roasting on the Antioxidant Activity and HMF Formation of a Cocoa Bean Model Systems (2008)

During the roasting of cocoa beans chemical reactions lead to the formation of Maillard reaction (MR) products and to the degradation of catechin-containing compounds, which are very abundant in these seeds. To study the modifications occurring during thermal treatment of fat and antioxidant rich foods, such as cocoa, a dry model system was set up and roasted at 180 degrees C for different times. The role played in the formation of MR products and in the antioxidant activity of the system by proteins, catechin, and cocoa butter was investigated by varying the model system formulation. Results showed that the antioxidant activity decreased during roasting, paralleling catechin concentration, thus suggesting that this compound is mainly responsible for the antioxidant activity of roasted cocoa beans. Model system browning was significantly higher in the presence of catechin, which contributed to the formation of water-insoluble melanoidins, which are mainly responsible for browning. HMF concentration was higher in casein-containing systems, and its formation was strongly inhibited in the presence of catechin. No effects related to the degree of lipid oxidation could be observed. Data from model systems obtained by replacing fat with water showed a much lower rate of MR development and catechin degradation but the same inhibitory effect of catechin on HMF formation.
A multi-purpose dialogue management system employing visual anthropomorphous agent (2002)

We have constructed a visual anthropomorphous agent system, called the visual software agent (VSA). The VSA has a texture-mapped realistic human facial image and moves his/her face with facial expression in real-time. Also, it can recognize the speech dialogue of a user and can respond in synthesized voice sentence by synchronizing his/her mouth movement. This type of multi-modal dialogue system may become a very important technology for advanced human interfaces in the near future. However, because our earlier system was designed to fit a specific application, it had been difficult to apply it to other applications. In order to solve this problem, we have constructed a multi-purpose dialogue system employing the VSA.
A 210-GHz SiGe Balanced Amplifier for Ultrawideband and Low-Voltage Applications (2017)

This letter presents a low-voltage balanced amplifier for millimeter-wave radio systems. An ultrawideband of operation is demonstrated from 155 to 210 GHz, which corresponds to a 30% relative bandwidth. Over this band, the system provides 10-dB gain for a power consumption of only 16.8 mW. For the employed 0.8 V voltage supply, the large-signal characterizations demonstrated a maximum iP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1 dB</sub> of -17.1 dBm and oP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1 dB</sub> of -10.2 dBm. The measured input and output return losses are above 10 and 20 dB for the whole band. The described features are enabled by the balanced common-base architecture, the ad hoc designed multistub matching networks, and the employed high performance 450-GHz SiGe BiCMOS fabrication technology. The realized amplifier compares well against reported SiGe BiCMOS designs operating above 200 GHz by showing the widest demonstrated bandwidth as well as the lowest voltage supply and power consumption.
Burden of Migraine in the United States (1999)

The economic burden of migraine predominantly falls on patients and their employers in the form of bedridden days and lost productivity. Various screening and treatment regimens should be evaluated to identify opportunities to reduce the disease burden.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Isolated Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Deficiency in Men* (1990)

Journal Article Diagnosis and Treatment of Isolated Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Deficiency in Men Get access RANDALL W. WHITCOMB, RANDALL W. WHITCOMB 1Reproductive Endocrine Unit and Vincent Research Labs, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02114 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar WILLIAM F. CROWLEY, JR. WILLIAM F. CROWLEY, JR. 1Reproductive Endocrine Unit and Vincent Research Labs, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02114 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 70, Issue 1, 1 January 1990, Pages 3–7, https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-70-1-3 Published: 01 January 1990 Article history Received: 01 October 1989 Published: 01 January 1990
GSK3 Influences Social Preference and Anxiety-Related Behaviors during Social Interaction in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome and Autism (2010)

These results indicate that impaired inhibitory regulation of GSK3 in Fmr1 knockout mice may contribute to some socialization deficits and that lithium treatment can ameliorate certain socialization impairments. As discussed in the present work, these results suggest a role for GSK3 in social behaviors and implicate inhibition of GSK3 as a potential therapeutic.
A Near‐Infrared (NIR) Technique for Imaging Food Materials (2008)

The results of imaging experiments in food materials are presented, using near-infrared wavelengths. The technique uses a modulated source and a lock-in amplifier detection circuit to give a high sensitivity to changes in through-transmission signal levels. This is shown to lead to a set of images, whereby the internal content of various foods can be imaged. Examples are presented of the detection of foreign bodies, both metallic and nonmetallic, to illustrate the imaging performance.
ChemInform Abstract: STERIN‐METABOLISMUS 20. MITT. CHOLESTERIN‐7BETA‐HYDROPEROXID (1973)

Abstract Als Reaktionsprodukte der Autoxidation von Cholesterin (Ia) werden Hy peroxide (II) und (III) erhalten.
The Volcano Rabbit in the Phylogenetic Network of Lagomorphs (2018)

The order Lagomorpha unifies pikas (Ochotonidae) and the hares plus rabbits (Leporidae). Phylogenetic reconstructions of the species within Leporidae based on traditional morphological or molecular sequence data provide support for conflicting hypotheses. The retroposon presence/absence patterns analyzed in this study revealed strong support for the broadly accepted splitting of lagomorphs into ochotonids and leporids with Pronolagus as the first divergence in the leporid tree. Furthermore, the retroposon presence/absence patterns nested the rare volcano rabbit, Romerolagus diazi, within an unresolved network of deeper leporid relationships and provide the first homoplasy-free image of incomplete lineage sorting and/or ancestral hybridization/introgression in rapidly radiated Leporidae. At the same time, the strongest retroposon presence/absence signal supports the volcano rabbit as a separate branch between the Pronolagus junction and a unified cluster of the remaining leporids.
Downregulation of CCR5 Expression on Cells by Recombinant Adenovirus Containing Antisense CCR5, a Possible Measure to Prevent HIV-1 From Entering Target Cells (2006)

Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5) is one of the major co-receptors for the macrophage (M)-tropic HIV-1. To prevent HIV-1 from entering into target cells, we inhibited CCR5 expression on target cell surface by recombinant adenovirus containing anti-sense CCR5 cDNA. A fragment of 653 bp cDNA located in the 5' region of CCR5 cDNA was reversely inserted into pAdTrack-CMV. Recombinant adenovirus containing antisense CCR5 cDNA (Ad-antiR5) was obtained by homologous recombination of resultant plasmid with the adenoviral backbone plasmid pAdEasy-2 in E. coli BJ5183 and then packed in AD-293 cells. Rate of positive CCR5 on U937 cell surface measured by flow cytometry was decreased from 89.53% to 1.88% after U937 cells infected with Ad-antiR5 for 24 hours, and this reduction lasted at least for 10 days. After challenged with HIV-1, the U937 cells infected with Ad-antiR5 produced much less p24 antigen in cultured medium than those infected with control recombinant adenovirus and the uninfected cells. The recombinant adenovirus had no effect on chemotactic activity and proliferation of the U937 cells. Therefore, the recombinant adenovirus containing anti-sense CCR5 cDNA can down-regulate CCR5 expression on U937 cells and protect the cells from HIV-1 infection without effects on their chemotaxis activity and proliferation function.
Peptide and Protein Delivery Using New Drug Delivery Systems (2013)

Pharmaceutical and biotechnological research sorts protein drug delivery systems by importance based on their various therapeutic applications. The effective and potent action of the proteins/peptides makes them the drugs of choice for the treatment of numerous diseases. Major research issues in protein delivery include the stabilization of proteins in delivery devices and the design of appropriate target-specific protein carriers. Many efforts have been made for effective delivery of proteins/peptidal drugs through various routes of administrations for successful therapeutic effects. Nanoparticles made of biodegradable polymers such as poly lactic acid, polycaprolactone, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), the poly(fumaric-co-sebacic) anhydride chitosan, and modified chitosan, as well as solid lipids, have shown great potential in the delivery of proteins/peptidal drugs. Moreover, scientists also have used liposomes, PEGylated liposomes, niosomes, and aquasomes, among others, for peptidal drug delivery. They also have developed hydrogels and transdermal drug delivery systems for peptidal drug delivery. A receptor-mediated delivery system is another attractive strategy to overcome the limitation in drug absorption that enables the transcytosis of the protein across the epithelial barrier. Modification such as PEGnology is applied to various proteins and peptides of the desired protein and peptides also increases the circulating life, solubility and stability, pharmacokinetic properties, and antigenicity of protein. This review focuses on various approaches for effective protein/peptidal drug delivery, with special emphasis on insulin delivery.
Asymptotic approximation to the encircled energy function for arbitrary aperture shapes (1984)

Encircled energy can be easily estimated for imaging systems with oddly shaped apertures using a simple asymptotic approximation formula. A useful tool for the optical system designer, it linearly relates the encircled energy to the perimeter-to-area ratio of the aperture. Comparisons made with numerical calculations show that it is usefully accurate for circles in the focal plane as small in radius as λf #.
Cotton rat model for testing vaccines and antivirals against respiratory syncytial virus (2018)

Respiratory syncytial virus is the leading cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and is a serious health risk for elderly and immunocompromised individuals. No vaccine has yet been approved to prevent respiratory syncytial virus infection and the only available treatment is immunoprophylaxis of severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in high-risk infants with Palivizumab (Synagis<sup>®</sup>). The development of respiratory syncytial virus vaccine has been hampered by the phenomenon of enhanced respiratory syncytial virus disease observed during trials of a formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus in 1960s. A search for effective respiratory syncytial virus therapeutics has been complicated by the fact that some of the most advanced respiratory syncytial virus antivirals, while highly effective in a prophylactic setting, had not demonstrated clinical efficacy when given after infection. A number of respiratory syncytial virus vaccines and antivirals are currently under development, including several vaccines proposed for maternal immunization. The cotton rat Sigmodon hispidus is an animal model of respiratory syncytial virus infection with demonstrated translational value. Special cohort scenarios, such as infection under conditions of immunosuppression and maternal immunization have been modeled in the cotton rat and are summarized here. In this review, we focus on the recent use of the cotton rat model for testing respiratory syncytial virus vaccine and therapeutic candidates in preclinical setting, including the use of special cohort models. An overview of published studies spanning the period of the last three years is provided. The emphasis, where possible, is made on candidates in the latest stages of preclinical development or currently in clinical trials.
Adaptive motion-compensated interframe prediction coding using subjective thresholding of wavelet transform coefficients (2002)

A psychovisual image compression method using multiresolution wavelet coefficients for adaptive motion compensation interframe prediction is proposed. It is shown that a higher compression ratio is achieved using this scheme when compared to the existing techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>