gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vivo evaluation of bioprinted cardiac patches composed of cardiac-specific extracellular matrix and progenitor cells in a model of pediatric heart failure (2021)

Pediatric patients with congenital heart defects (CHD) often present with heart failure from increased load on the right ventricle (RV) due to both surgical methods to treat CHD and the disease itself. Patients with RV failure often require transplantation, which is limited due to lack of donor availability and rejection. Previous studies investigating the development and <i>in vitro</i> assessment of a bioprinted cardiac patch composed of cardiac extracellular matrix (cECM) and human c-kit + progenitor cells (hCPCs) showed that the construct has promise in treating cardiac dysfunction. The current study investigates <i>in vivo</i> cardiac outcomes of patch implantation in a rat model of RV failure. Patch parameters including cECM-inclusion and hCPC-inclusion are investigated. Assessments include hCPC retention, RV function, and tissue remodeling (vascularization, hypertrophy, and fibrosis). Animal model evaluation shows that both cell-free and neonatal hCPC-laden cECM-gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) patches improve RV function and tissue remodeling compared to other patch groups and controls. Inclusion of cECM is the most influential parameter driving therapeutic improvements, with or without cell inclusion. This study paves the way for clinical translation in treating pediatric heart failure using bioprinted GelMA-cECM and hCPC-GelMA-cECM patches.
Reactive reasoning and planning (1987)

In this paper, the reasoning and planning capabilities of an autonomous mobile robot are described. The reasoning system that controls the robot is designed to exhibit the kind of behavior expected of a rational agent, and is endowed with the psychological attitudes of belief, desire, and intention. Because these attitudes are explicitly represented, they can be manipulated and reasoned about, resulting in complex goal-directed and reflective behaviors. Unlike most planning systems, the plans or intentions formed by the robot need only be partly elaborated before it decides to act. This allows the robot to avoid overly strong expectations about the environment, overly constrained plans of action, and other forms of overcommitment common to previous planners. In addition, the robot is continuously reactive and has the ability to change its goals and intentions as situations warrant. The system has been tested with SRI's autonomous robot (Flakey) in a space station scenario involving navigation and the performance of emergency tasks.
Space subdivision for fast ray tracing (1984)

An algorithm is described that speeds up ray-tracing techniques by reducing the number of time-consuming object-ray intersection calculations that have to be made. The algorithm is based on subdividing space into an octree, associating a given voxel with only those objects whose surfaces pass through the volume of the voxel. It includes a technique for obtaining fast access to any node and a mechanism for finding the next node intersected by a ray when it has hit nothing in the current node. This new algorithm makes possible the ray tracing of complex scenes by medium-scale and small-scale computers.
Detection of circulating endogenous interleukin-3 in extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease. (1992)

Recent data suggest that activated immune cells and their products are involved in the initiation and progression of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). To test whether the production of endogenous interleukin-3 (IL-3), a product of activated immune cells, might be an indicator of disease activity in GVHD, we analysed sera of 61 bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients for IL-3 levels by using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Measurable levels (greater than 25 pg/ml) of endogenous IL-3 were detected in a significant subgroup (5/16 patients, 31.25%) of allograft recipients suffering from extensive chronic GVHD, but not in patients with limited chronic GVHD (n = 6) or in those without signs of chronic GVHD (n = 17). In IL-3 positive patients, IL-3 levels were not associated with pathologic conditions (such as infectious disease) other than GVHD. IL-3 levels were undetectable in disease-free phases preceding severe chronic GVHD. Lower levels of IL-3 were measured in chronic GVHD patients during extensive disease while on high dose steroid medication compared with before and/or after (p less than 0.02). IL-3 was also detected in a small group (2/17) of patients suffering from acute GVHD. IL-3 could neither be detected in syngeneic (n = 3) nor autologous (n = 7) BMT recipients nor in the vast majority (99/100) of healthy controls. Together, measurable amounts of IL-3 are produced in a significant subgroup of patients suffering from extensive chronic GVHD.
SURFACE FUNCTIONALISATION OF BIOMATERIALS WITH PLANT-DERIVED BIOMOLECULES FOR BONE CONTACT APPLICATIONS (2016)

Among plant derived molecules, polyphenols have antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial ability [1,2]. Moreover, they can stimulate osteoblast differentiation and promote apoptosis of tumoral cells [3–4]. It's thus possible combine the properties of these molecules with those of bioactive materials trough surface functionalization.A silica-based bioactive glass and chemically treated bioactive Ti6Al4V were used as substrates while gallic acid and polyphenols extracted from green tea or red grape skin as biomolecules for functionalization. The surface functionalization procedure was optimized in order to maximize the grafting and investigated by means of the Folin&Ciocalteu method and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The in vitrobioactivity was studied by means of Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) after soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF).Surface charge and isoelectric point were investigated by means of zeta potential...
Inflammatory Foreign‐Body Reaction to an Arthroscopic Bioabsorbable Meniscal Arrow Repair (1999)

Various arthroscopic meniscal repair techniques have been developed in recent years to preserve meniscal function. We report the case of a patient with a failed arthroscopic meniscal repair demonstrating an inflammatory foreign-body reaction to bioabsorbable meniscal arrows.
Nitric oxide exerts feedback inhibition on EDHF-induced coronary arteriolar dilation in vivo (2000)

We tested the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) inhibits endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-induced vasodilation via a negative feedback pathway in the coronary microcirculation. Coronary microvascular diameters were measured using stroboscopic fluorescence microangiography. Bradykinin (BK)-induced dilation was mediated by EDHF, when NO and prostaglandin syntheses were inhibited, or by NO when EDHF and prostaglandin syntheses were blocked. Specifically, BK (20, 50, and 100 ng. kg(-1). min(-1) ic) caused dose-dependent vasodilation similarly before and after administration of N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) (3 micromol/min ic for 10 min) and indomethacin (Indo, 10 mg/kg iv). The residual dilation to BK with L-NMMA and Indo was completely abolished by suffusion of miconazole or an isosmotic buffer containing high KCl (60 mM), suggesting that this arteriolar vasodilation is mediated by the cytochrome P-450 derivative EDHF. BK-induced dilation was reduced by 39% after inhibition of EDHF and prostaglandin synthesis, and dilation was further inhibited by combined blockade with L-NMMA to a 74% reduction in the response. This suggests an involvement for NO in the vasodilation. After dilation to BK was assessed with L-NMMA and Indo, sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 1-3 microgram. kg(-1). min(-1) ic), an exogenous NO donor, was administered in a dose to increase the diameter to the original control value. Dilation to BK was virtually abolished when administered concomitantly with SNP during L-NMMA and Indo (P < 0.01 vs. before SNP), suggesting that NO inhibits EDHF-induced dilation. SNP did not affect adenosine- or papaverine-induced arteriolar dilation in the presence of L-NMMA and Indo, demonstrating that the effect of SNP was not nonspecific. In conclusion, our data are the first in vivo evidence to suggest that NO inhibits the production and/or action of EDHF in the coronary microcirculation.
Molecular characterization of cyanophycin synthetase, the enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of the cyanobacterial reserve material multi‐ L‐arginyl‐poly‐L‐aspartate (cyanophycin) (1998)

Cyanophycin (multi-L-arginyl-poly-L-aspartate), a water-insoluble reserve polymer of cyanobacteria, is a product of nonribosomal peptide synthesis. The purification of cyanophycin synthetase of the cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis is described. In sodium dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the enzyme preparation shows one band with an apparent molecular mass of 100 kDa. The native enzyme has an apparent molecular mass of approximately 230 kDa, as determined by size-exclusion chromatography, suggesting that the active form is a homodimer. During catalysis, ATP is converted to ADP. The gene coding for cyanophycin synthetase has been identified in the sequenced genome of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The C-terminal 60% of the deduced amino acid sequence of cyanophycin synthetase show sequence similarity to enzymes of the superfamily of ligases involved in the biosynthesis of murein and of folyl-poly(gamma-glutamate). Cells of Escherichia coli harbouring the gene on a plasmid express active synthetase and accumulate cyanophycin-like material. The results prove that a single enzyme catalyzes the de novo synthesis of cyanophycin.
Relative Intensity Distribution of the Stimulated Raman Scattered (SRS) Lines of Methane and Hydrogen Excited with 266 nm UV Radiation (2009)

The stimulated Raman Spectrum (SRS) due to the Raman active symmetric stretching modes (ν1) of vibration of both hydrogen and methane were recorded and a comparative study of their relative intensities as well as the wavelength conversion efficiencies were carried out. It was found that hydrogen showed much higher wavelength conversion efficiency than methane due the seeding of third SRS line at 397.8 into Balmer H-e line at 397 nm in hydrogen. The input pulse energy dependence on the SRS signal showed a linear dependence for methane and a non linear dependence for hydrogen.
A Miniaturized Implantable Antenna for ISM band Biomedical Application (2022)

In this paper, an implantable antenna with two co-centric rectangular complementary split-ring elements with slots added between the rings are proposed. The slots, on the other hand, are utilized to fine-tune the frequency. This antenna design works at 2.4 GHz ISM band. Moreover, a shorting pin is used between the radiating patch and the ground plane of the antenna to lower the resonant frequency. In comparison to other current antennas, this one can work in all areas of the human body, as simulated by various body phantoms. It can even be operated with high input power due its lower specific absorption rate (SAR). The presented antenna is compact and has good radiation properties. Implantable antennas in other frequency bands can also be designed using the proposed antenna method.
Predictive reliability of logistic EuroSCORE II in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Assessment and comparison to classic systems of preoperative risk stratification (2013)

Aims: The logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (logEuroSCORE II) has been introduced to improve prediction of acute mortality in cardiac surgery. No specific tools exist for evaluation of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We assessed predictive ability of the logEuroSCORE II for perioperative mortality after TAVI and compared it to four other systems of preoperative risk evaluation.
Molecular mapping and identification of candidate gene conferring organophosphate‐sensitive reaction in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) (2020)

Abstract Some sorghum cultivars are sensitive to organophosphate insecticides, which cause red to purple injury spots and, in severe cases, leaf death. Sensitivity to organophosphates is conditioned by a single locus on chromosome 5. We constructed a high‐density genetic map around the locus, termed osr , using DNA markers, and delimited osr to a 377‐kb region on the short arm of chromosome 5. Sequence analysis of this region predicted 19 gene candidates. Four of the candidates are homologous to a disease resistance NBS‐LRR gene. mRNA‐Seq analysis of gene expression and SNPs from two resistant cultivars (‘JN43’ and ‘Greenleaf’) and one sensitive cultivar (‘Nakei MS3B’) suggest that one or more members of this NBS‐LRR gene family are osr . Our results suggested that the recessive allele of osr results in sensitivity to OP insecticides.
n-Type Doping of Organic Semiconductors: Immobilization via Covalent Anchoring (2019)

Electrical doping is an important tool in the design of organic devices to modify charge carrier concentration in and Fermi level position of organic layers. The undesired diffusion of dopant molecules within common transport materials adversely affects both lifetime and device performance. To overcome this drawback, we developed a strategy to achieve immobilization of dopants through their covalent attachment to the semiconductor host molecules. Derivatization of the commonly employed n-type dopant 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzoimidazole (o-MeO-DMBI) with a phenylazide enables the resulting o-AzBnO-DMBI to photochemically generate a reactive nitrene, which subsequently binds covalently to the host material, 6,6-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Both the activation and addition reactions are monitored by mass spectrometry as well as optical and photoelectron spectroscopy. A suppression of desorption and a decrease in volatility of the DMBI derivative in ultrahigh vacuum were observed after activation of a bilayer structure of PCBM and o-AzBnO-DMBI. Electrical measurements demonstrate that the immobilized o-AzBnO-DMBI can (i) dope the PCBM at conductivities comparable to values reported for o-MeO-DMBI in the literature and (ii) yield improved electrical stability measured in a lateral two terminal device geometry. Our immobilization strategy is not limited to the specific system presented herein but should also be applicable to other organic semiconductor–dopant combinations.
Regulatory role of mitochondria in oxidative stress and atherosclerosis (2010)

Mitochondrial physiology and biogenesis play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease following oxidative stress-induced damage such as atherosclerosis (AST). Dysfunctional mitochondria caused by an increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, accumulation of mitochondrial DNA damage, and respiratory chain deficiency induces death of endothelial/smooth muscle cells and favors plaque formation/rupture via the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator (PGC-1), although more detailed mechanisms still need further study. Based on the effect of healthy mitochondria produced by mitochondrial biogenesis on decreasing ROS-mediated cell death and the recent finding that the regulation of PGC-1 involves mitochondrial fusion-related protein (mitofusin), we thus infer the regulatory role of mitochondrial fusion/fission balance in AST pathophysiology. In this review, the first section discusses the possible association between AST-inducing factors and the molecular regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, and explains the role of mitochondria-dependent regulation in cell apoptosis during AST development. Furthermore, nitric oxide has the Janus-faced effect by protecting vascular damage caused by AST while being a reactive nitrogen species (RNS) which act together with ROS to damage cells. Therefore, in the second section we discuss mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channels, which regulate mitochondrial ion transport to maintain mitochondrial physiology, involved in the regulation of ROS/RNS production and their influence on AST/cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Through this review, we can further appreciate the multi-regulatory functions of the mitochondria involved in AST development. The understanding of these related mechanisms will benefit drug development in treating AST/CVD through targeted biofunctions of mitochondria.
Pedicle Screw Placement With Intraosseous Endoscopy (1994)

This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficiency of intraosseous endoscopy for the insertion of pedicle screws. Adult sheep served as an animal model. Under general anesthesia, the authors exposed the posterior lumbar elements through a midline spinal approach and cannulated six to eight pedicles in each sheep, without the use of radiographic or fluoroscopic guidance. Placement of properly located holes as well as intentionally misdirected holes was attempted. Using the fiber optic endoscope, direct examination of the interior of 22 pedicle screw holes was performed. Nine deliberate and 2 unintentional perforations, for a total of 11 defects in 22 pedicles, were easily recognized. These were confirmed by gross examination after specimens were harvested. Defects as small as 2 mm in diameter, not detected on palpation with a standard probe, were able to be closely inspected. The use of intraosseous endoscopy may serve as a useful adjunct in the placement of pedicle screws.
THE VICRYL TIE TECHNIQUE FOR INSERTING A DRAINING IMPLANT IN THE TREATMENT OF SECONDARY GLAUCOMA (1986)

We have previously described surgical techniques for draining severe cases of secondary glaucoma by means of an artificial implant. Wherever possible these implants have been inserted in two stages. The technique involved suturing the episcleral plates of the implant to the sclera without connecting them to the chamber as the first procedure. Following this procedure the presence of the plates cause the surrounding tissue to form a thin fibrous envelope called a preformed bleb cavity. After a suitable interval of between six and eight weeks the connecting tube of the implant was inserted into the anterio chamber so as to drain aqueous into this preformed bleb cavity. This manoeuvre drastically reduced the incidence of postoperative hypotony and has proved a safe and effective technique. This communication reports an improvement on this technique in which the connecting tube of the implant is occluded by a ligature of 5-0 vicryl before inserting the tube into the anterior chamber through a fine needle puncture, at the same time as the episcleral plates of the implant are sutured to the sclera. The effect of this procedure is thus to prevent any drainage of aqueous until three to five weeks after operation when the vicryl suture material dissolves, allowing aqueous to drain into the preformed bleb system lined by a thin layer of dense fibrous tissue. This technique provides the advantages of the previous two-stage technique without the need for a second operation. The surgical technique is described together with the results of treating a series of 20 eyes with severe secondary glaucoma.
Role of Sphingosine Kinase in Radiation-Induced Apoptosis of Human Prostate Cancer Cells (2000)

Understanding the biological mechanisms that control cell growth and cell death is a mayor goal in cancer research since it could allow the design of anti-neoplasic therapies to specifically eliminate tumor cells. The effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy relies in pant in their ability to induce a genetic program of cell destruction know as apoptosis. Unfortunately, at present this conventional therapies induce cell death of both normal and cancer cells resulting in undesirable toxic effects. Furthermore, the signaling pathways that lead to apoptosis are often subverted in cancer cells resulting in resistance to radiation or chemotherapy. One mechanism by which cancer cells become resistant to radiation is by disrupting the sphigomyelin pathway that comprises a series of biochemical reactions generating lipid molecules called sphingolipids that are involved in controlling various cellular functions. The sphingolipid metabolites ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-phosphate (SPP) have recently emerged as a new class messengers that regulate cell growth and apoptosis. While intracellular accumulation of sphingosine or ceramide induces cell death, SPP promotes cell survival. Therefore, our laboratory has proposed that a dynamic balance in the level of intracellular sphingolipids serves as a signal to determine whether a cell survives or dies. In support of this hypothesis it has been found that the sensitivity of specific prostate cancer cell lines to radiation correlates with intracellular ceramide levels and with the activity of sphingosine kinase (SPHK), the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of SPP after adding a phosphate group to sphingosine. I propose to further investigate the role of sphingolipids in radiation-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Acidic Extractant, 4‐Benzoyl‐3‐phenyl‐5‐isoxazolone: The Synergistic Extraction of Alkaline Earth and Alkali Metals Combined with Trioctylphosphine Oxide or Bis(diphenylphosphinyl)methane. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. UND STEREOISOMERIE EINIGER OPTISCH AKTIVER ARYLHYDRAZONE (1971)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung von aktiven Methylenverbindungen (I) wie Cyanessigsäureestern, Benzoylaceton, Propiophenon, Acetylaceton oder Phenylessigsäurederivaten mit diazotiertem Anilin bzw. diazotierten p‐Aminobenzoesäureestern (II) wurden die Hydrazone (III) hergestellt, die z.Tl. in der α‐ und β‐Form erhalten werden konnten.
Design, development, and analysis of the lower body of next-generation 3D-printed humanoid research platform: PANDORA (2023)

Abstract The main contribution of this paper is the design and development of the lower body of PANDORA (3D-Printed Autonomous humaNoid Developed for Open-source Research Applications), a new humanoid robotic platform implementing additive manufacturing techniques. The three joint configurations (hip, knee, and ankle) along with the major three structural parts (pelvis, thigh, and shin) of the lower body are discussed. The use of 3D printing and PLA+ material makes the robot an affordable solution for humanoid robotics research that gives a high power-to-weight ratio by significantly reducing the number of parts, as well as manufacturing and assembly time. The range of motion of the lower body of PANDORA has been investigated and is found to be comparable to a human lower body. Further, finite element analysis has been performed on the major parts of the lower body of PANDORA to check the structural integrity and to avoid catastrophic failures in the robot. The use of in-house developed actuators and robot electronics reduces the overall cost of the robot and makes PANDORA easily accessible to the research communities working in the field of humanoids. Overall, PANDORA has the potential for becoming popular between researchers and designers for investigating applications in the field of humanoid robotics, healthcare, and manufacturing, just to mention a few. The mechanical designs presented in this work are available open source to lower the knowledge barrier in developing and conducting research on bipedal robots.