gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Minerals (2006)

Recent studies have shown that router misconfigurations are common and have dramatic consequences for the operations of networks. Not only can misconfigurations compromise the security of a single network, they can even cause global disruptions in Internet connectivity. Several solutions have been proposed that can detect a number of problems in real configuration files. However, these solutions share a common limitation: they are rule-based. Rules are assumed to be known beforehand, and violations of these rules are deemed misconfigurations. As policies typically differ among networks, rule-based approaches are limited in the scope of mistakes they can detect. In this paper, we address the problem of router misconfigurations using data mining. We apply association rules mining to the configuration files of routers across an administrative domain to discover local, network-specific policies. Deviations from these local policies are potential misconfigurations. We have evaluated our scheme on configuration files from a large state-wide network provider, a large university campus and a high-performance research network, and found promising results. We discovered a number of errors that were confirmed and later corrected by the network engineers. These errors would have been difficult to detect with current rule-based approaches.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MODELING STUDIES OF STAGED COMBUSTION USING A REACTOR ENGINEERING APPROACH (1996)

Abstract Combustion research, long dominated by mechanical engineers, is becoming increasingly a chemical engineering application. It is therefore desirable to have a well defined reactor in which to conduct combustion chemistry studies. A two zone laboratory reactor emulating a perfectly stirred reactor + plug flow reactor (PSR + PFR) sequence has been constructed and validated for use in high temperature normal and staged combustion studies. A premixed fuel/eed enters the backmixed primary zone. The effluent mixes with additional injected oxidant and/or steam, and then enters the linear flow secondary zone. Extracted gas samples from cooled probes located in each zone are subjected to several dedicated on-line stack gas analyzers, and separation/analyses by on-line gas chromatography. Detailed reaction mechanisms from the literature are incorporated into a PSR + PFR reactor engineering model. The experimental feed rates and measured temperatures are also input to the model. Good comparisons between model predictions and experimental data have been obtained for normal and air-staged combustion studies. Rate-of-prod,uction calculations from the modeling offers helpful insight into the reaction pathways responsible for important species, especially pollutants.
Heterogeneous doping of visible-light-responsive Y2Ti2O5S2 for enhanced hydrogen evolution (2022)

Y 2 Ti 2 O 5 S 2 , a stable oxysulfide photocatalyst with a bandgap energy of 1.9 eV, is enhanced for H 2 evolution via heterogeneous doping with lower valency Sc 3+ at Ti 4+ sites.
Controlled Silicon Surface Functionalization by Alkene Hydrosilylation (2005)

Immobilization of indene ligands onto two types of hydrogen-terminated surfaces, oxide-free Si [H/Si(111)] and oxidized Si [H/SiO2/Si], has been investigated by infrared absorption spectroscopy. The activity of a common catalyst (H2PtCl6) is shown to depend critically on the nature of the solvent. For instance, 2-propanol preferentially reacts with the surface, preventing any ligand attachment. Chlorobenzene is more stable, allowing some ligand attachment, but the H2PtCl6 catalyst also fosters silicon oxidation. In contrast, UV irradiation on oxide-free surfaces promotes a cleaner and more efficient reaction, leading to ligand attachment without substrate oxidation. The complete inactivity of H-terminated surfaces with a thin oxide layer [H/SiO2/Si] suggests that the UV-induced immobilization is mediated solely by the excitation of electron-hole pairs (excitons) in the substrate and is not the result of direct Si-H bond breaking.
Rapid and sensitive viral culture method for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (1988)

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 142 consecutive patients with antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were cultured for HIV-1. All 72 patients with symptoms of HIV-1 infection were culture positive, as were 69 of 70 asymptomatic patients. Of the 142 patients, 132 (93%) were culture positive within 10 days after initiation of the culture.
Bacterial infections associated with double lumen central venous catheters (2006)

Central venous catheters were a major advance in end-stage renal disease patient care until the burden of catheter related complications became obvious. A retrospective study on infections complications of the double lumen catheterisation of central veins for haemodialysis and PD was done in 2004 year. In period from January to December 2004, 60 catheters were placed. 55 patients had double lumen, one for plasmapheresis and 54 for haemodialysis. The mean duration of catheters remaining in situ was 36.67 days (range 7 - 145 days). There were 7 double lumen catheters placed with coffs and tunelisation, and the other 48 patients had catheters of a short duration. Routine smears were taken from the top of catheters after extraction, and from the skin surrounding the place of catheter insertion. Hemocultures were also taken, and smears from periphery (smears from pharynx, nose and urinoculture). Reasons for placing catheters were acute renal failure in 19.65%, end stage renal disease in 35.71%, and complications of permanent vascular access in 44.64%. In 2|55 patients, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species were isolated from the top of dialysis catheter, after extraction, and without positive blood bacterial cultures. In a few patients micro-organisms were isolated from periphery on skin changes 2|55, urine 2|55, pharynx 1|55. Prophylaxis with antibiotics was administered in 18|55 patients, with antibiotics from group of cephalosporin and chinolone over next 7 to 14 days. Mortality during the period of observation was 7|55 patients. The conclusion based on the aforementioned parameters is that duration of placed catheters did not correlated with the frequency of infections. The respect of the surgical principles of asepsis and desinfection has contributed to a decreased frequency of catheter infections for dialysis.
T-bet is a key modulator of IL-23-driven pathogenic CD4+ T cell responses in the intestine (2016)

IL-23 is a key driver of pathogenic Th17 cell responses. It has been suggested that the transcription factor T-bet is required to facilitate IL-23-driven pathogenic effector functions; however, the precise role of T-bet in intestinal T cell responses remains elusive. Here, we show that T-bet expression by T cells is not required for the induction of colitis or the differentiation of pathogenic Th17 cells but modifies qualitative features of the IL-23-driven colitogenic response by negatively regulating IL-23R expression. Consequently, absence of T-bet leads to unrestrained Th17 cell differentiation and activation characterized by high amounts of IL-17A and IL-22. The combined increase in IL-17A/IL-22 results in enhanced epithelial cell activation and inhibition of either IL-17A or IL-22 leads to disease amelioration. Our study identifies T-bet as a key modulator of IL-23-driven colitogenic responses in the intestine and has important implications for understanding of heterogeneity among inflammatory bowel disease patients.
Efficiency limitations imposed by thermodynamics on optical coupling in fiber-optic data links* (1975)

Thermodynamic arguments are invoked to demonstrate that no optically passive optical system can be employed to effect an increase of radiance. This principle is then applied to several specific cases to determine the maximum coupling efficiency that can be achieved between an optical fiber and other components of an optical data link.
Separate Agonist and Peptide Antagonist Binding Sites of the Oxytocin Receptor Defined by Their Transfer into the V2 Vasopressin Receptor (1996)

The neurohypophyseal nonapeptide oxytocin (OT) is the main hormone responsible for the initiation of labor; uterus contraction can be enhanced by application of oxytocin or suppressed by oxytocin antagonists. By transfer of domains from the G protein-coupled OT receptor into the related V2 vasopressin receptor, chimeric "gain in function" V2/OT receptors were produced that were able to bind either OT receptor agonists or a competitive peptide antagonist with high affinity. The binding site for the OT antagonist d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2,Thr4,Orn8,Tyr9]vasotocin was found to be formed by transmembrane helices 1, 2, and 7 with a major contribution to binding affinity by the upper part of helix 7. These transmembrane receptor regions could be excluded from participating in OT binding. For agonist binding and selectivity the first three extracellular receptor domains were most important. The interaction of the N-terminal domain and of the first extracellular loop of the OT receptor with the linear C-terminal tripeptidic part of oxytocin was demonstrated. Furthermore, the second extracellular loop of the OT receptor could be identified to interact with the cyclic hormone part. These three domains contribute to OT binding by synergistic interaction with oxytocin but not with the competitive antagonist. Our results provide evidence for the existence of separate domains and different conformations of a peptide hormone receptor involved in binding and selectivity for agonists and peptide antagonists.
Statistical Mechanics of Cross-Linked Polymer Networks I. Rubberlike Elasticity (1943)

A model is proposed for the structure of a cross-linked network, such as exists in a vulcanized rubber, which is amenable to statistical treatment. Expressions are derived for the structural entropy of the network, and for the entropy change on deformation. The latter is in agreement with the relationship derived by Wall and others by a different treatment.
Rotation topological factors of minimal $\mathbb {Z}^{d}$-actions on the Cantor set (2006)

In this paper we study conditions under which a free minimal $\mathbb {Z}^d$-action on the Cantor set is a topological extension of the action of $d$ rotations, either on the product $\mathbb {T}^d$ of $d$ $1$-tori or on a single $1$-torus $\mathbb {T}^1$. We extend the notion of linearly recurrent systems defined for $\mathbb {Z}$-actions on the Cantor set to $\mathbb {Z}^d$-actions, and we derive in this more general setting a necessary and sufficient condition, which involves a natural combinatorial data associated with the action, allowing the existence of a rotation topological factor of one of these two types.
Punding in Parkinson's disease: Its relation to the dopamine dysregulation syndrome (2004)

Punding is a term that was coined originally to describe complex prolonged, purposeless, and stereotyped behaviour in chronic amphetamine users. A structured interview of 50 patients with higher dopamine replacement therapy requirements (>800 levodopa equivalent units/day) from 123 unselected patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) from a PD clinic identified 17 (14%) patients with punding. Punding was acknowledged as disruptive and unproductive by the patients themselves, but forcible attempts by family to interrupt the behaviour led to irritability and dysphoria. Punding was associated with very high doses of dopamine replacement therapy often related to a pattern of chronic inappropriate overuse of dopaminergic medication. We believe that this is an underreported, socially disabling phenomenon that is commonly associated with the syndrome of dopamine dysregulation and is phenomenologically distinct from both obsessive-compulsive disorder and mania.
Measurements of Frequency Response Functions (2001)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction An Introduction to the Discrete Fourier Transform Spectral Representations of Periodic Signals Analysis of FRF Measurements Using Periodic Excitations Reducing FRF Measurement Errors for Periodic Excitations FRF Measurements Using Random Excitations FRF Measurements of Multiple Input, Multiple Output Systems Guidelines for FRF Measurements Conclusion Exercises Appendixes
The Therapeutic Effect of Cell Transplantation Versus Noncellular Biomaterial Implantation on Cardiac Structure and Function Following Myocardial Infarction (2014)

Although numerous studies demonstrated that localized delivery of either cells or biomaterials improved postinfarction cardiac function, the underlying mechanisms for this effect remain unclear. We performed a comparison of the effects of fetal, neonatal, and human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac cell as well as mesenchymal stem cell transplantation versus biomaterial (collagen/extracellular matrix) implantation therapy in rat myocardial infarction model in our laboratory, specifically comparing their effects on infarct wall thickness, neovascularization, infarct wall motion, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Both cell and biomaterial treatment had similar beneficial effects on cardiac structure (increasing infarct wall thickness and preventing infarct expansion) and function (preventing paradoxical LV systolic bulging and improving LVEF). In this review, we also discussed the underlying mechanisms of cell and biomaterial therapies, their advantages and disadvantages, and future research directions in the field of regenerative cardiology.
Oral Focal Mucinosis of the Tongue: A Rare Clinical Case (2012)

Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is a rare mucosal lesion of unknown etiopathogenesis. It is considered the oral counterpart of cutaneous focal mucinosis. From the anatomo-pathological point of view it is characterised by a focal degeneration of myxoid type of connective tissue. A literature survey revealed 50 reports of OFM cases worldwide. Here, we present an even more rare case with tongue involvement. Particular emphasis is placed on diagnostic-differential aspects of this kind of lesion, both from the clinical and the histopathological point of view, in respect to other manifestations of tongue mucosa.
Recovery of the Endogenous β Cell Function in the NOD Model of Autoimmune Diabetes (2003)

In light of accumulating evidence that the endocrine pancreas has regenerative properties and that hematopoietic chimerism can abrogate destruction of beta cells in autoimmune diabetes, we addressed the question of whether recovery of physiologically adequate endogenous insulin regulation could be achieved in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice rendered allogeneic chimerae. Allogeneic bone marrow (BM) was transplanted into NOD mice at the preclinical and overtly clinical stages of the disease using lethal and nonlethal doses of radiation for recipient conditioning. Islets of Langerhans, syngeneic to the BM donors, were transplanted under kidney capsules of the overtly diabetic animals to sustain euglycemia for the time span required for recovery of the endogenous pancreas. Nephrectomies of the graft-bearing organs were performed 14 weeks later to confirm the restoration of endogenous insulin regulation. Reparative processes in the pancreata were assessed histologically and immunohistochemically. The level of chimerism in NOD recipients was evaluated by flow cytometric analysis. We have shown that as low as 1% of initial allogeneic chimerism can reverse the diabetogenic processes in islets of Langerhans in prediabetic NOD mice, and that restoration of endogenous beta cell function to physiologically sufficient levels is achievable even if the allogeneic BM transplantation is performed after the clinical onset of diabetes. If the same pattern of islet regeneration were shown in humans, induction of an autoimmunity-free status by establishment of a low level of chimerism, or other alternative means, might become a new therapy for type 1 diabetes.
Investigating chromosomal structural variations in Musa acuminate using NGS approaches : [W077] (2014)

Structural heterozygosity is thought to be one of the main causes of sterility in banana (Musa spp.) hybrids. These structural variations impact chromosomal segregation and recombination, limiting crossing possibilities and complicating genetic analyses. It is thus important to better understand their nature and location in the genome. For the production of the Musa accuminata reference genome sequence (D'Hont et al., Nature, 2012), we generated a genetic map that allowed anchoring 70% of the genome assembly on the 11 Musa chromosomes. The genetic map was based on a self progeny of the wild diploid Musa acuminata 'Pahang', the parent of the sequenced doubled haploid DH-Pahang. Strongly distorted markers were found on linkage group 1 and part of linkage group 4 that might indicate a structural rearrangement affecting these two linkage groups. We have developed a bioinformatic pipeline to help characterize structural variation based on resequencing approaches. We are using this pipeline on resequencing data of DH-Pahang and its parent and are densifying the genetic map with DArTseq markers to better understand the causes of the strong markers distortions and their link with structural variation.
Low cost chip-scale package (2002)

A chip-scale package has been developed comprising an area-array bond pad die, solder bumped and mounted on a metallic frame. The die is fully encapsulated by an epoxy molding compound. Openings in the encapsulation are created corresponding to the bumps on the die. This allows interconnection from the die to the printed circuit board (PCB) through solder balls. Conventional mold compound, die attach and alloy 42 materials were used. The packaging process takes advantage of existing packaging techniques. This eliminates the costly development of new technology and equipment. Prototypes have been built and subjected to reliability tests. The package is very robust and had passed the JEDEC moisture sensitivity Level 1 test and 1000 cycles of liquid-to-liquid thermal shock test, according to Military Standard 833, Condition C (-65/spl deg/C to 150/spl deg/C).
DIPG-28. REPEATED LOW DOSE RT FOR PEDIATRIC DIPG – LESS DISEASE BURDEN WITH COMPARABLE OUTCOMES (2020)

Abstract PURPOSE Pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is the most dismal prognosis pediatric brain tumor. Six weeks radiation therapy (RT) remains the mainstay of treatment. The aim of the current study was to compare the results of firstly reported repeated low dose RT (rLRT) with conventional RT (CRT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: This retrospective review included 24 children with DIPG, aged 3 -18 years, underwent CRT (52- 60.0 Gy in 1.8- 2.0 Gy, n = 16) or rLRT (18 - 30 Gy in 1.5–2.0 Gy per cycle for 1–3 cycles, n = 8). All children had typical symptoms and MRI features of DIPG, or biopsy-proven DIPG. RESULTS The median overall survival (OS) was 12.6 months in rLRT group and 11.4 months in CRT group (p =0.347), progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.6 months in rLRT group and 6.5 months in CRT group (p = 0.821), no significant survival difference was observed between two groups. Temporary discontinuation or tapering of steroids rate was significantly higher in rLRT group (100% vs 60%, p = 0.028). Although not statistically significant, mean non-hospitalized days were longer in the rLRT group, 403 days versus 305 days in the CRT group, as were mean cumulative progression-free days, 276 days versus 163 days and 1-year free from CSF diversion rate was higher, 100% versus 64.9%. CONCLUSIONS For patients with newly diagnosed DIPG, repeated low dose RT, given over 3 to 4 weeks per cycle for 1 to 3 cycles, offers comparable survival outcome with less disease burden compared with conventional RT.
Ratification and Implementation of the Amendments on the Crime of Aggression under the ICC Statute in Korea (2015)

캄팔라 개정문의 국내적 이행방식을 결정할 때, 한국은 침략범죄의 정의 내용을 국내법적 요건에 합치시키기 위하여 그 내용의 일부를 조정하는 것을 원할 수도 있다. 그러나 국내입법에 반영하는 경우, 캄팔라회의에서 합의된 대로의 문구를 사용하여 이를 편입하는 것이 바람직하다. 캄팔라 개정문보다 그 범위를 더 좁게 하거나 또는 더 넓게하여 침략행위를 정의하는 경우 국제법상의 효력문제가 발생할 수 있기 때문이다. 캄팔라 개정문의 침략범죄의 정의는 그동안 발전하여 온 관습국제법의 산물로 볼 수 있기 때문에, 특히 이보다 더 넓게 범죄의 범위를 책정하는 경우 국제적 효력에 대해 의문이 제기될 수 있다. 캄팔라회의 이후 국가들의 초기 관행을 보면, 제8조 bis의 국내적 이행에 있어서 거의 캄팔라 개정문의 문언을 그대로 사용하여 침략범죄를 정의하는 방식을 따르고 있다.BR 한국이 선택한 관할권 행사체제에 따라서는, 한국의 국내법이 외국의 지도자가 행한 침략행위까지 범죄화하는 경우도 있을 수 있다. 이는 특히 침략행위가 한국의 영토에 대하여 행해짐으로써 한국이 속지주의에 근거하여 관할권을 주장하는 경우에 더욱 그러하다. 그러나 이 경우 한국은 침략범죄가 가지는 지도자범죄로서의 성질에 기인하여 매우 제한된 숫자의 피의자만을 처벌하게 된다는 점과 이 경우 외국지도자의 침략범죄와 관련하여 국가면제가 적용될 수 있다는 점에 유의하여야 한다. 따라서 외국국민들에 대한 한국법원의 국내형사재판권은 구체적인 사건에 있어서 행사되지 못할 수도 있다. 한국은 자국민이 행한 침략범죄에 대해서만 형사재판권을 행사하려는 경우, 외국국민을 기소함에 있어서 수반되는 국제적으로 중대한 정치적ㆍ법적 문제들을 회피할 수 있을 것이다.
From Historical Documents To Social Network Visualization: Potential Pitfalls and Network Modeling (2022)

We describe the workflow followed by historians when conducting a Historical Social Network Analysis (HSNA) with five steps: textual sources acquisition, digitization, annotation, network creation, and analysis/visualization. While most analysis and visualization tools only support the last step, we argue that addressing the 2–3 last steps would boost the humanists’ analytical capabilities. We explain why the network modeling process is particularly challenging and can lead to distortions of the sources, biases, and traceability problems. We list three main properties that we believe the constructed network should satisfy: alignment with reality/documents (not only with concepts), traceability (from documents to analysis/visualization and back), and simplicity (understandable by most and not more complex than needed). We claim that the model of bipartite dynamic multivariate network with roles allows an effective annotation/encoding of historical sources while satisfying these properties. We provide real-world examples of how this model has been used to answer socio-historical questions using visual analytics tools.
H5 Histone and DNA-relaxing enzyme of chicken erythrocytes. Interaction with superhelical DNA. (1976)

The interaction of closed circular duplex DNA with the lysine-rich H5 histone fraction of avian erythrocytes has been studied. H5, like H1 histone, interacts preferentially with superhelical DNA. The extent of interaction increases with increasing negative or positive superhelicity. Salt-extracted lysine-rich histones show the same specificity for interaction with superhelices as do acid-extracted preparations. Chicken erythrocyte nuclei contain DNA-relaxing enzyme. This enzyme is extracted from the nuclei at lower salt concentrations than those required to extract H1 and H5 histones and is, therefore, probably a function of a protein distinct from H1 and H5 histones.
Zirconia‐implant‐supported all‐ceramic crowns withstand long‐term load: a pilot investigation (2006)

Within the limits of this pilot investigation, it seems that zirconia implants restored with the Procera crowns possibly fulfill the biomechanical requirements for anterior teeth. However, further investigations with larger sample sizes have to confirm these preliminary results. As three Empress-1 crowns showed crack development in the loading area of the steatite balls in the artificial mouth, their clinical use on zirconia implants has to be questioned.