gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endometriosis: The Ultimate Hormonal Disease (2003)

Estrogen is an extremely potent mitogen for endometrium and endometriosis. Progesterone, on the other hand, inhibits the mitogenic action of estrogen on endometrium and enhances differentiation. These antiproliferative and differentiative effects of progesterone are less pronounced on endometriosis tissue compared with endometrium. Thus, endometriosis is, at least in part, resistant to progesterone action. The product of a single gene named aromatase synthesizes estrogen. The potent estrogen estradiol is metabolized and thus inactivated by an enzyme termed 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) type 2 that is normally induced by progesterone in endometrium. Progesterone action is mediated by its receptor subtypes progesterone receptor (PR)-A and PR-B. We found a number of abnormalities in the expression of aromatase, 17beta-HSD type 2, and the PR-B/PR-A ratio in endometriosis tissue. These abnormalities and their functional consequences are discussed in this review article.
Molecular Parallels between Neural and Vascular Development (2012)

The human central nervous system (CNS) features a network of ~400 miles of blood vessels that receives >20% of the body's cardiac output and uses most of its blood glucose. Many human diseases, including stroke, retinopathy, and cancer, are associated with the biology of CNS blood vessels. These vessels originate from extrinsic cell populations, including endothelial cells and pericytes that colonize the CNS and interact with glia and neurons to establish the blood-brain barrier and control cerebrovascular exchanges. Neurovascular interactions also play important roles in adult neurogenic niches, which harbor a unique population of neural stem cells that are intimately associated with blood vessels. We here review the cellular and molecular mechanisms required to establish the CNS vascular network, with a special focus on neurovascular interactions and the functions of vascular endothelial growth factors.
Design and Implementation of an Ultra-Low-Power ECG Patch and Smart Cloud-Based Platform (2021)

&lt;p&gt;This paper reports a new device for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal monitoring and software for signal analysis and artificial intelligence (AI) assisted diagnosis. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The hardware mitigates the signal loss common in previous products by enhancing the ergonomy, flexibility, and battery life. The power efficiency is optimized by design using switching converters, ultra-low-power components, and efficient signal processing. It enables 14-day of uninterrupted ECG monitoring and connectivity with a smartphone and microSD card storage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The software is implemented in Android app and web-based platforms via Internet of Things (IoT). This component provides cloud-based and local storage and uses AI for arrhythmia detection. The arrhythmia detection algorithm shows 98.7% accuracy using Artificial Neural Network and K-Nearest Neighbors methods, and 98.1% using Decision Tree method on test data set.&lt;/p&gt;
A Precise Measurement of the Energy Change in the Transmutation of Beryllium into Lithium by Proton Bombardment (1938)

The very high yield of alpha-particles from the reaction $_{4}\mathrm{Be}^{9}(p, \ensuremath{\alpha})_{3}\mathrm{Li}^{6}$ has made it possible to measure their energies by deviating a beam through 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} in an electrostatic field. A steady source of high voltage, which could be measured to 0.1 percent up to 40,000 volts, was used to deflect the alpha-particles. Two experiments are reported in which the beryllium was bombarded by 320 kv and 383 kv protons, respectively. The energy distribution curves of the alphas show a sharp high energy limit, and this limit increases with bombarding energy of the protons. The experiment shows that the energy balance of the reaction is 2.152\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04 Mev, corresponding to 2.310\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ atomic weight unit. This establishes the diffference in mass between ${\mathrm{Be}}^{9}$ and ${\mathrm{Li}}^{6}$ as 2.99804\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00009. If we assume that of the two, the mass of ${\mathrm{Li}}^{6}$ is more accurately known, and adopt Livingston and Bethe's value of 6.01686\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00020, the experiment shows that the mass of ${\mathrm{Be}}^{9}$ is 9.01491\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00025.
(1R,3S,4R,4aS,7R,7aS,10R,12aR)-3-Azido-4,7,10-trimethyl-1,10-epidioxyperhydropyrano[4,3-j][1,2]benzodioxepine (2010)

In the title compound, C(15)H(23)N(3)O(4), the six-membered pyran, cyclo-hexane and trioxane rings adopt chair, chair and boat conformations, respectively, while the seven-membered rings adopt distorted boat and very distorted chair conformations. In the crystal, adjacent mol-ecules are connected by weak C-H⋯N and C-H⋯O inter-actions.
Recent advances in carbon based nanosystems for cancer theranostics (2017)

One of the major challenges in our contemporary society is to facilitate healthy life for all human beings. In this context, cancer has become one of the most deadly diseases around the world, and despite many advances in theranostics techniques the treatment of cancer still remains an important problem. With recent advances made in the field of nano-biotechnology, carbon-based nanostructured materials have drawn special attention because of their unique physicochemical properties, giving rise to great potential for the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. This review deals with four different types of carbon allotrope including carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes and nanodiamonds and summarizes the results of recent studies that are likely to have implications in cancer theranostics. We discuss the applications of these carbon allotropes for cancer imaging and drug delivery, hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy and acoustic wave assisted theranostics. We focus on the results of different studies conducted on functionalized/conjugated carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes and nanodiamond based nanostructured materials reported in the literature in the current decade. The emphasis has been placed on the synthesis strategies, structural design, properties and possible mechanisms that are perhaps responsible for their improved theranostic characteristics. Finally, we discuss the critical issues that may accelerate the development of carbon-based nanostructured materials for application in cancer theranostics.
Traject3d allows label-free identification of distinct co-occurring phenotypes within 3D culture by live imaging (2022)

Single cell profiling by genetic, proteomic and imaging methods has expanded the ability to identify programmes regulating distinct cell states. The 3-dimensional (3D) culture of cells or tissue fragments provides a system to study how such states contribute to multicellular morphogenesis. Whether cells plated into 3D cultures give rise to a singular phenotype or whether multiple biologically distinct phenotypes arise in parallel is largely unknown due to a lack of tools to detect such heterogeneity. Here we develop Traject3d (Trajectory identification in 3D), a method for identifying heterogeneous states in 3D culture and how these give rise to distinct phenotypes over time, from label-free multi-day time-lapse imaging. We use this to characterise the temporal landscape of morphological states of cancer cell lines, varying in metastatic potential and drug resistance, and use this information to identify drug combinations that inhibit such heterogeneity. Traject3d is therefore an important companion to other single-cell technologies by facilitating real-time identification via live imaging of how distinct states can lead to alternate phenotypes that occur in parallel in 3D culture.
A multi-standard multi-band tuner for mobile TV SoC with GSM Interoperability (2010)

A multi-standard multi-band tuner for mobile TV SoC satisfying the GSM850 & GSM900 Interoperability (IOP) is presented. The single-chip SoC satisfies all requirements of DVB-H/T, ISDB-T, and DAB application with margin. Moreover, this SoC meets not only the GSM900 IOP which is described in MBRAI 2.0, but also GSM850 IOP, in DVB-T/H mode. To suppress GSM transmitter signal in UHF band, LC-tuned load and tunable input matching scheme are adopted in UHF LNA. The SoC consists of three RF LNAs covering the 174 to 248MHz (VHF), 470 to 862MHz (UHF), and 1450 to 1490MHz (L-BAND) bands, dual mode analog baseband filter supporting low pass filtering for direct conversion in DVB-H/T mode and complex band pass filtering for low-IF conversion in ISDB-T 1-segmentation and DAB. The measured sensitivity at UHF for the QPSK 1/2 DVB-T mode is under −95.5dBm with GSM rejection filter.
Emerging spectroscopic techniques for prostate cancer diagnosis (2018)

Over the past several decades, large efforts have been made to diagnose and overcome prostate cancer. Among all screening methods, the measurement of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) threshold has been stood out and contributed to diagnose prostate cancer (PCa) in a large number of men. Nevertheless, the early detection of prostate carcinoma and its focal imaging is remaining crucial to diminish the elevated number of PCa-related deaths. Because of the multifocal behavior of PCa development, a whole gland ablation has been practiced during previous years. Furthermore, there is an evidence of the likelihood of high-risk PCa that proves once again the importance of early diagnosis and accurate staging of the disease. So far, numerous advanced spectroscopic methods with different approaches have been reported as the alternative tools to conventional techniques of PCa diagnosis and imaging. In this review, we introduce innovative emerging techniques utilizing spectroscopic methods such as photoluminescence, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance to measure the ultralow level of PSA. In addition, we review novel and alternative approaches of diagnosis such as imaging methods through photoluminescence, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography.
Influence of Biodegradation on the Chemical Composition of Heavy Oil and Bitumen: Section II. Characterization, Maturation, and Degradation (1987)

Biodegradation of petroleum is a selective metabolism of special organic compounds by an ensemble of microorganisms. It apparently starts under aerobic conditions, which are provided in areas invaded by surface-derived, oxygen-rich formation waters. Bacteria introduced into an oil pool with meteoric waters apparently utilize dissolved oxygen for consumption of certain types of hydrocarbons. The selective removal of hydrocarbons seems to occur in the following sequence: n-alkanes, isoprenoid alkanes, naphthenes, and aromatics. Under anaerobic conditions, bacterial growth is possible if supplies of aerobic synthesized metabolites are available or else by reduction of dissolved sulfate, which results at least in the production of reduced sulfur compounds. The fate of the synthesized microbial material is at present unclear. Part of the more stable and oil-soluble compounds may be dissolved in the crude oil and increase the fraction of nonhydrocarbons, especially asphaltenes. The microbial alteration processes yielding heavy oils are an effect of the selective depletion of light components coupled with enrichment of heavy NSO compounds, especially sulfur compounds.
Evaluation of Serum Carnitine Levels for Pediatric Patients Receiving Carnitine-Free and Carnitine-Supplemented Parenteral Nutrition (2014)

Patients weighing more than 5 kg should have serum carnitine levels drawn within 7 days to determine whether supplementation is needed. There is no statistical correlation among carnitine deficiency, hypoglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia.
Interband cascade lasers with long lifetimes (2015)

Narrow-ridge interband cascade lasers were subjected to accelerated aging. The aging curves were statistically evaluated by a log-normal distribution of the failure time, and by the mixed effects of the degradation parameters. Based on 10,000 h of output power trend data for lasers operating at 90°C and the maximum cw power, an unexpectedly long lifetime is predicted. The projected lifetimes range from about 500,000 h (57 years) for the linear degradation model to 183,000 h (21 years) for the exponential one.
Use of a Probabilistic Explicit Cracking Model for Analysing the mechanical behaviour of an Ultra-High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) Beam Subjected to Shear Loading (2020)

Fibre Reinforced Concrete: From Design to Structural Applications (PDF) <i>fib</i> Bulletins No. 95. Fibre Reinforced Concrete: From Design to Structural Applications. Proceedings of the ACI-fib-RILEM International Workshop - FRC2018. Technical report (539 pages, ISBN 978-2-88394-142-7, August 2020)
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Introduction of a Benzoyloxy Substituent at the C‐4 Position of β‐Lactams. (1986)

Abstract Aus den β‐Lactamen (I) erhält man mit dem Perbenzoesäureester (II) in Gegenwart von Cu(II)‐Salzen die Substitutionsprodukte (III).
Whole‐body MR angiography: First experiences with the new TimCT technology with single contrast injection (2013)

CE-Wb-MRA using the TimCT technology and with a single contrast injection is a feasible tool for whole-body MRA.
MET As a Possible Target for Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2013)

Lung cancer is a heterogeneous group of disorders that is now being subdivided into molecular subtypes with dedicated targeted therapies. The MET receptor tyrosine kinase has been identified as aberrantly overexpressed, potentially having activating mutations, and amplified in certain subsets of lung cancers. The ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) can also be overexpressed in lung cancer or expressed in stroma, and both the MET receptor and the HGF ligand can be targets for therapeutics, especially in lung cancer. Activation of MET leads to a plethora of biochemical and biologic changes both in normal and cancerous cells. Preclinically, it has been shown that silencing or inactivating MET leads to decreased viability of cancer cells. There are a number of compounds against MET/HGF in clinical trials that have been shown to be active in lung cancers. This review will summarize the biology of MET as well as its therapeutic inhibition in lung cancer.
Far upstream element-binding protein 1 and RNA secondary structure both mediate second-step splicing repression (2013)

Splicing of mRNA precursors consists of two steps that are almost invariably tightly coupled to facilitate efficient generation of spliced mRNA. However, we described previously a splicing substrate that is completely blocked after the first step. We have now investigated the basis for this unusual second-step inhibition and unexpectedly elucidated two independent mechanisms. One involves a stem-loop structure located downstream of the 3'splice site, and the other involves an exonic splicing silencer (ESS) situated 3' to the structure. Both elements contribute to the second-step block in vitro and also cause exon skipping in vivo. Importantly, we identified far upstream element-binding protein 1 (FUBP1), a single-stranded DNA- and RNA-binding protein not previously implicated in splicing, as a strong ESS binding protein, and several assays implicate it in ESS function. We demonstrate using depletion/add-back experiments that FUBP1 acts as a second-step repressor in vitro and show by siRNA-mediated knockdown and overexpression assays that it modulates exon inclusion in vivo. Together, our results provide additional insights into splicing control, and identify FUBP1 as a splicing regulator.
Aprotinin Decreases Blood Loss and Homologous Transfusions in Patients Undergoing Major Orthopedic Surgery (1998)

Aprotinin treatment during major orthopedic surgery significantly reduces both blood loss and consequent homologous blood transfusion requirements.
Lower plasma insulin levels during overnight closed-loop in school children with type 1 diabetes: Potential advantage? A randomized cross-over trial (2019)

Lower insulin doses were delivered in the closed-loop, resulting in lower plasma insulin levels, whereby glucose levels were not affected negatively. This suggests that the closed-loop administration is better targeted and hence could be more effective.
Built-in hardware pseudo-random test module for Physical Unclonable Functions (2014)

PUFs, that self-generate random numbers, are used in identification or authentication applications for two reasons: cost and security. Since the randomness of PUFs in individual chips may differ, PUFs in some chips may generate somewhat less than random values. Defects during manufacturing may also affect the randomness of PUFs. In either case, confidential information based on PUFs could be vulnerable to security threats. Thus, it is necessary to identify both failing chips during manufacturing and PUFs which are not sufficiently random. To test the randomness of PUFs in a chip, we have designed a dedicated random test module optimized for hardware implementation. Finally, by implementing the module in real PUFs, we verified its validity.
Template-assisted selective epitaxy of III–V nanoscale devices for co-planar heterogeneous integration with Si (2015)

III–V nanoscale devices were monolithically integrated on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates by template-assisted selective epitaxy (TASE) using metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Single crystal III–V (InAs, InGaAs, GaAs) nanostructures, such as nanowires, nanostructures containing constrictions, and cross junctions, as well as 3D stacked nanowires were directly obtained by epitaxial filling of lithographically defined oxide templates. The benefit of TASE is exemplified by the straightforward fabrication of nanoscale Hall structures as well as multiple gate field effect transistors (MuG-FETs) grown co-planar to the SOI layer. Hall measurements on InAs nanowire cross junctions revealed an electron mobility of 5400 cm2/V s, while the alongside fabricated InAs MuG-FETs with ten 55 nm wide, 23 nm thick, and 390 nm long channels exhibit an on current of 660 μA/μm and a peak transconductance of 1.0 mS/μm at VDS = 0.5 V. These results demonstrate TASE as a promising fabrication approach for heterogeneous material integration on Si.
Diet, Genetics, and the Gut Microbiome Drive Dynamic Changes in Plasma Metabolites (2018)

Diet, genetics, and the gut microbiome are determinants of metabolic status, in part through production of metabolites by the gut microbiota. To understand the mechanisms linking these factors, we performed LC-MS-based metabolomic analysis of cecal contents and plasma from C57BL/6J, 129S1/SvImJ, and 129S6/SvEvTac mice on chow or a high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD-treated with vancomycin or metronidazole. Prediction of the functional metagenome of gut bacteria by PICRUSt analysis of 16S sequences revealed dramatic differences in microbial metabolism. Cecal and plasma metabolites showed multifold differences reflecting the combined and integrated effects of diet, antibiotics, host background, and the gut microbiome. Eighteen plasma metabolites correlated positively or negatively with host insulin resistance across strains and diets. Over 1,000 still-unidentified metabolite peaks were also highly regulated by diet, antibiotics, and genetic background. Thus, diet, host genetics, and the gut microbiota interact to create distinct responses in plasma metabolites, which can contribute to regulation of metabolism and insulin resistance.
Human Dipeptidyl-peptidase I (1997)

Dipeptidyl-peptidase I, a lysosomal cysteine proteinase, is important in intracellular degradation of proteins and appears to be a central coordinator for activation of many serine proteinases in immune/inflammatory cells. Little is known about the molecular genetics of the enzyme. In the present investigation the gene for dipeptidyl-peptidase I was cloned and characterized. The gene spans approximately 3.5 kilobases and consists of two exons and one intron. The genomic organization is distinct from the complex structures of the other members of the papain-type cysteine proteinase family. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, the gene was mapped to chromosomal region 11q14.1-q14.3. Analysis of the sequenced 5'-flanking region revealed no classical TATA or CCAAT box in the GC-rich region upstream of cap site. A number of possible regulatory elements that could account for tissue-specific expression were identified. Northern analyses demonstrated that the dipeptidyl-peptidase I message is expressed at high levels in lung, kidney, and placenta, at moderate to low levels in many organs, and at barely detectable levels in the brain, suggesting tissue-specific regulation. Among immune/inflammatory cells, the message is expressed at high levels in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and alveolar macrophages and their precursor cells. Treatment of lymphocytes with interleukin-2 resulted in a significant increase in dipeptidyl-peptidase I mRNA levels, suggesting that this gene is subjected to transcriptional regulation. The results provide initial insights into the molecular basis for the regulation of human dipeptidyl-peptidase I.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Therapeutic PD-1 Pathway Blockade Augments with Other Modalities of Immunotherapy T-Cell Function to Prevent Immune Decline in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 27K, Expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 by TIL Tregs.&lt;/p&gt;
PINK BOLLWORM LARVAL MORTALITIES AND CRY1AC TOXIC PROTEIN IN FIELD GROWN BT COTTONS, 2004 (2005)

Pink bollworm (PBW): Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders
Time-resolved study of the random lasing in ZnO powder (2003)

In this letter, we investigated random lasing phenomenon in ZnO powder using the pump_probe technique. Under 267nm laser pumping, supernarrow single_mode emission and multi_mode emission were observed by precisely controlling the pumping intensity and the excitation beam size on the sample. The supernarrow emission peaks are much narrower than the normal luminescence and ASE spectra. The time_resolved pump_probe measurement shows that the lifetime of the emission state above the lasing threshold is only a few picoseconds which demonstrates that the formation of supernarrow random lasing bandwidth is due to stimulated emission.
A pilot study of thalidomide for patients with symptomatic mesenteric panniculitis (2002)

Summary Background : Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare condition with no standard therapy. Aim : To assess the safety and efficacy of thalidomide for the treatment of patients with symptomatic mesenteric panniculitis using a newly established clinical disease activity index (Mesenteric Panniculitis Subjective Assessment Score). Methods : In an open‐label pilot study, five patients with symptomatic mesenteric panniculitis received oral thalidomide, 200 mg nightly, for 12 weeks. The primary end‐point was a reduction in the Mesenteric Panniculitis Subjective Assessment Score by ≥ 20% at 12 weeks or complete remission (absence of symptoms). Results : Four (80%) of the five patients responded. The median Mesenteric Panniculitis Subjective Assessment Score at baseline was 39 and at week 12 was 25 (average decrease of 44%). One patient achieved complete remission by week 4, which was sustained. At 12 weeks, three (75%) patients experienced a global response, five (100%) patients had a ≥ 20% (range, 29–98%) decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and three (75%) patients had a ≥ 20% (range, 61–93%) decrease in C‐reactive protein. Abdomino‐pelvic computed tomography scans were unchanged in all five patients. There were no serious adverse events. Conclusions : Thalidomide is safe, well tolerated and efficacious in the treatment of some patients with symptomatic mesenteric panniculitis. Further study is indicated.