gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Shock Tube Radiation Measurements With A Collisional-Radiative Model (2012)

The prediction of the nonequilibrium radiative heat flux experienced by a spacecraft during Earth's re-entry relies on an approach based on a combination of both numerical simulation and ground test experiments. This paper presents an analysis of the equilibrium and nonequilibrium radiation measured in the NASA Ames' Electric Arc Shock Tube (EAST) facility for typical Moon or Mars return conditions. Therefore, the conditions chosen ranged from 10.54 to 11.17 km/s with a free-stream pressure of 0.1 Torr. The observed emitting spectral features, atomic lines of nitrogen and oxygen, present in the Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) and Near-Infrared (NIR) were analyzed. The populations of the emitting states were inferred and compared with predictions obtained from a collisional-radiative model and with simulations obtained with a multi-temperature Boltzmann model.
A numerical study on the effect of vibrator shape on the development of nonlinear standing waves in a 2-D acoustical resonator (2007)

The numerical analysis of the effects of different shape of the vibrator on the pressure and velocity profile in 2-D nonlinear standing wave resonator is studied. The wave equation for high-amplitude nonlinear acoustic waves in a thermo-viscous fluid is derived from the basic equations of fluid mechanics along with an appropriate state equation. Three different shapes are considered for the diaphragm which are, constant shape vibrating piston, circular shape and cosine shape, to investigate the effects of the diaphragm shape on the pressure and velocity waveforms of an acoustic resonator. It is observed that for the same maximum vibrational velocity of the diaphragm, the amplitudes of the pressure and velocity for constant shape vibrating piston are largest and for cosine shape are smallest.
Particle-Particle Interactions on the Surface of a Drop Subjected to a Uniform Electric Field (2008)

We recently proposed a technique in which an externally applied uniform electric field was used to alter the distribution of particles on the surface of a drop immersed in another immiscible liquid. Particles move along the drop surface to form a ring near the drop equator or collect at the poles depending on their dielectric constant relative to that of the two liquid involved. This motion is due to the dielectrophoretic force that acts upon particles because the electric field on the surface of the drop is non-uniform, despite the fact that the applied electric field is uniform. This technique could be useful to concentrate particles at a drop surface within well-defined regions (poles and equator), and separate two types of particles at the surface of a drop. In this paper we show that in addition to the dielectrophoretic force the particles also interact with each other via the dipole-dipole interactions to form chains or move away from each other depending the local direction of the electric field. The regions in which the local electric field is normal to the drop surface, i.e., the poles, the particles move away from each other. On the other hand, near the equator, where the local direction of electric field is tangential to the drops surface, they form chains that are aligned parallel to the electric field direction.
Intrapartum Evaluation of the Fetus (2017)

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Efficient Direct Alkynylation of Trifluoromethyl Ketones Catalyzed by AgF in Water and Organic Solvents (2008)

A general and efficient method for the direct alkynylation of trifluoropyruvate and trifluoroacetophenone in water was developed by using AgF and PCy3 as a catalyst. The ligand enhanced the catalyst activity significantly. The reaction in water is comparable to the one carried out in organic solvents.
Tradeoff Analysis of Delay-Power-CSIT Quality of Dynamic Backpressure Algorithm for Energy Efficient OFDM Systems (2012)

In this paper, we analyze the fundamental power-delay tradeoff in point-to-point OFDM systems under imperfect channel state information quality and nonideal circuit power. We consider the dynamic backpressure (DBP) algorithm, where the transmitter determines the rate and power control actions based on the instantaneous channel state information (CSIT) and the queue state information (QSI). We exploit a general fluid queue dynamics using a continuous time dynamic equation. Using the sample-path approach and renewal theory, we decompose the average delay in terms of multiple unfinished works along a sample path, and derive an upper bound on the average delay under the DBP power control, which is asymptotically accurate at small delay regime. We show that despite imperfect CSIT quality and nonideal circuit power, the average power (P) of the DBP policy scales with delay (D) as P = O(D exp (1/D)) at small delay regime. While the impacts of CSIT quality and circuit power appears as the coefficients of the scaling law, they may be significant in some operating regimes.
Candidate gene association study of type 2 diabetes in a nested case‐control study of the EPIC‐Potsdam cohort – Role of fat assimilation (2007)

To search for common variants etiological for type 2 diabetes, we screened 15 genes involved in fat assimilation for sequence variants. Approximately 55 kb in promoter and coding regions, and intron/splice sites were sequenced by cycle sequencing. In the set of 15 genes, 71 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected. 33 SNPs were presumed to be functionally significant and were genotyped in 192 incident type 2 diabetes subjects and 384 matched controls from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam cohort. A total of 27 SNPs out of 15 genes showed no statistical association with type 2 diabetes in our study. Six SNPs demonstrated nominal association with type 2 diabetes, with the most significant marker (FABP6 Thr79Met) having an adjusted odds ratio of 0.45 (95% CI 0.22-0.92) in homozygous Met allele carriers. Evidence for an association with disease status was also found for a novel Arg109Cys (g.2129C > T) variant of colipase, 5'UTR (rs2084202) and Met71Val (rs8192506) variants of diazepam-binding inhibitor, Arg298His (rs13283456) of PTGES2, and a novel promoter variant (g.-1324G > A) of SLC27A5. The results presented here provide preliminary evidence for the association of common variants in genes involved in fat assimilation with the genetic susceptibility of type 2 diabetes. However, they definitely need further verification.
FIVR &#x2014; Fully integrated voltage regulators on 4th generation Intel&#x00AE; Core&#x2122; SoCs (2014)

Intel's® 4th generation Core™ microprocessors are powered by Fully Integrated Voltage Regulators (FIVR). These 140 MHz multi-phase buck regulators are integrated into the 22nm processor die, and feature up to 80 MHz unity gain bandwidth, non-magnetic package trace inductors and on-die MIM capacitors. FIVRs are highly configurable, allowing them to power a wide range of products from 3W fanless tablets to 300W servers. FIVR helps enable 50% or more battery life improvements for mobile products and more than doubles the peak power available for burst workloads.
Design and Control of Bridge Inspection Robot System (2007)

This paper proposes design and control methods for a bridge inspection robot system. A "bridge inspection robot" has been developed with the aim of checking the safety status of a real bridge, gathering accurate data and performing maintenance. The developed robot system is composed of the specially designed car for bridge inspection, the guide rail and the inspection robot. Especially, this paper emphasizes the system integration method to design and control the entire robot system. As a result, this robot has both automatic and manual modes for inspecting a real bridge. In other words, the robot is automatically able to inspect beneath the bridges and manually to inspect them by long-distance user. Also, the users can see the operating conditions of long-distance robot with 3-dimensional graphical user interface. Moreover, the users can feel the operating status of long-distance robot through haptic device.
Design of a Detector for Characterizing Neutron Fields for Single-Event Effects Testing (2011)

We show how a moderating neutron detector can be designed for use as a proxy for devices subject to neutron-induced single-event effects (SEE). Such a detector can have a flat response to high energy neutrons, and can be used to characterize neutron fields for SEE testing and evaluation.
Using a relational database as an index to a distributed object database in engineering design systems (2003)

A description is given of a pragmatic architecture for engineering design systems that divides the databases of those systems into a relational database and an object-oriented database. In the architecture, the relational database is used to find designs in the object database, and the object database is used to support the concurrent editing of designs by multiple users and processes on networks of workstations. The architecture has the advantage of allowing the relational database to concentrate on providing fast indexing methods to find designs, and allowing the object database to concentrate on providing good concurrency and version control tools for design editing. The authors describe the two-part architecture, give classifications for the types of data that can be extracted from the object database and put into the relational database, and give formulas that can be used to quantify the size of the relational database.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Modified Ionospheric Correction Algorithm for the SBAS Based on Geometry Monitor Concept (2005)

The ionospheric correction procedure of the current MSAS, Japanese version of SBAS/WAAS, is built on the algorithm called as ‘planar fit’. It estimates the ionospheric propagation delays at IGPs using the first order estimator, relates to ‘plane’, and the storm detector is implemented to determine if there is storm condition or not to protect users from large correction errors. The previous study has shown that the algorithm works relatively well over Japan although the absolute delay is large due to geomagnetic effects. A potential problem is, however, the fact that the distribution of residual errors after planar fit removal is not Gaussian, which is assumed in the storm detector algorithm of MSAS/WAAS. During storm conditions, the availability of ionospheric corrections for MSAS tends to lower significantly due to trip of storm detector even the actual error is small. Another problem is that the current storm detector determines ionospheric conditions based on the observed residuals. This approach, dependent upon observations, cannot avoid undersampling threat; We never observe where observation does not exist. In fact, chi-square statistics implicitly expects a good geometry of observations. A small chi-square value does not guarantee that the actual error distribution is normal due to a possible undersampling situation. The authors will introduce geometry monitor concept to overcome these problems. Using an appropriate metric indicating goodness of the geometry of observations, it is possible to bound the actual error by a function of the metric. The relative centroid metric (RCM) and condition number metric (CNM) are evaluated for this purpose. These metrics can also be applied to determine which model, or the order of fit, is better for fit. Employing an adaptive fit algorithm based on the geometry monitor, the availability of the ionospheric corrections improves from 70-80% to over 99%. Missed detection conditions are eliminated with little enlargement of GIVE values.
Compact Printed Ridge Gap Waveguide Crossover for Future 5G Wireless Communication System (2018)

The implementation of microwave devices using printed ridge gap waveguide (PRGW) technology is required as they are expected to play an essential role in millimeter wave applications. The proposed crossover is composed of four-arm PRGW sections and connected by a central rectangular junction. The size of the introduced crossover is 1.5λ × 1.5λ at 30 GHz. This includes the first two rows of cells around the middle junction. The proposed design is fabricated and measured. The measured results demonstrate that the insertion loss is about 0.5 dB over 13.33% operating bandwidth. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement.
Water soluble reactive phosphate (SRP) in atmospheric particles over East Mediterranean: The importance of dust and biomass burning events (2022)

The importance of dust and biomass burning episodes on the atmospheric concentration of water-soluble reactive phosphate (SRP) was determined in the eastern Mediterranean. SRP was measured with a new rapid real-time automated analytical system with a time resolution of a few minutes per sample and with an extremely low detection limit. The average atmospheric concentration of SRP during the sampling campaign was estimated at 0.35 ± 0.25 (median 0.30) nmol P m<sup>-3</sup>. The maximum concentration of SRP (3.08 nmol P m<sup>-3</sup>) was recorded during an intense dust episode, and was almost ten times higher than the campaign average, confirming that Saharan dust was an important primary source of bioavailable P to the eastern Mediterranean, especially during the spring period when 60% of the events occurred. Predicted increases in the frequency and intensity of dust storms in the area will enhance the role of the atmosphere as a source of bioavailable P for the Mediterranean marine ecosystem. During the warm period, when Northerly winds prevailed, biomass burning processes contributed significantly to soluble phosphorus delivered from atmospheric sources to the eastern Mediterranean. These inputs during warm periods are especially important for the Eastern Mediterranean, where biological productivity is strongly limited by nutrient availability.
Partial synchronization in diffusively time-delay coupled oscillator networks (2012)

We study networks of diffusively time-delay coupled oscillatory units and we show that networks with certain symmetries can exhibit a form of incomplete synchronization called partial synchronization. We present conditions for the existence and stability of partial synchronization modes in networks of oscillatory units that satisfy a semipassivity property and have convergent internal dynamics.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Epohelmin B and Its Analogues. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Using Testbeds to Accelerate Technology Maturity and Transition: The SCRover Experience (2003)

This paper is an experience report on a first attempt to develop and apply a new form of software: a fullservice testbed designed to evaluate alternative software dependability technologies, and to accelerate their maturation and transition into project use. The SCRover testbed includes not only the specifications, code, and hardware of a public safety robot, but also the package of instrumentation, scenario drivers, seeded defects, experimentation guidelines, and comparative effort and defect data needed to facilitate technology evaluation experiments. The SCRover testbed’s initial operational capability has been recently applied to evaluate two architecture definition languages (ADLs) and toolsets, Mae and AcmeStudio. The testbed evaluation showed (1) that the ADL-based toolsets were complementary and costeffective to apply to mission-critical systems; (2) that the testbed was cost-effective to use by researchers; and (3) that collaboration in testbed use by researchers and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) project users resulted in actions to accelerate technology maturity and transition into project use. The evaluation also identified a number of lessons learned for improving the SCRover testbed, and for development and application of future technology evaluation testbeds.
Schottky barrier diodes of corundum-structured gallium oxide showing on-resistance of 0.1 mΩ·cm2 grown by MIST EPITAXY® (2016)

Abstract Thin-film corundum-structured gallium oxide (α-Ga 2 O 3 ) Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) were fabricated by growing α-Ga 2 O 3 layers on sapphire substrates by the safe, low-cost, and energy-saving MIST EPITAXY ® technique, followed by lifting off the α-Ga 2 O 3 layers from the substrates. The SBDs exhibited on-resistance and breakdown voltage of 0.1 mΩ·cm 2 and 531 V (SBD1) or 0.4 mΩ·cm 2 and 855 V (SBD2), respectively. These results will encourage the future evolution of low-cost and high-performance SBDs with α-Ga 2 O 3 .
0602 Determinants and Clinical Consequences of Treatment Emergent Central Sleep Apnea (2018)

Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may precipitate central sleep apnea (CSA), also known as treatment emergent CSA (TECSA). However, the factors contributing to TECSA are not clear. The purpose of this study was to examine the key determinants and impact of Treatment Emergent CSA. The study was a retrospective analysis of consecutive Veteran patients (n=463), age >18 year, who were evaluated for sleep disordered breathing at the Detroit VA Medical Sleep Disorders Center in 2011, with either a baseline polysomnogram followed by PAP titration or with a split-night polysomnogram (n=304). TECSA was defined as the presence OSA (AHI>5/hour) without CSA at baseline, but with superimposed CSA (CAI≥5/hour) during PAP titration. Control group patients had OSA alone without TECSA or OSA with CSA on the diagnostic portion of the study. Comorbidities such as heart failure (CHF), coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and atrial fibrillation were recorded as well as the use of prescription narcotics and sedatives. Descriptive analyses and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed; presence/absence of TECSA was the dependent variable, whereas demographics, split-night/full-night PAP study, AHI, nadir oxygen saturation, comorbid factors and drug use or morphine equivalent dose were the independent variables. Ninety-six percent of Veterans were men (n=443). Mean standard deviation for key variables were: BMI 33.7 ± 6.7 kg/m2, baseline AHI 47.7 ± 34.6/hour, baseline nadir oxygen saturation 83.5 ± 7.5%, CAI on PAP 5.1 ± 10.7/hour OSA. TECSA was demonstrated in 131 out of 463 patients (28.3%). Multiple regression models demonstrated that only AHI severity (odds ratio, OR 1.01; 95% C.I. 1.007 to 1.021) and and the presence of CHF (OR 2.94; 95% C.I. 1.19 to 7.31, p=0.02) were significant predictors for the presence of TECSA, after adjusting for the occurrence of other comorbidities and prescription opioid/sedative use or the morphine equivalent dose. The severity of OSA at baseline and presence of CHF predicted TECSA, independent of other covariates. The impact of TECSA on long-term clinical outcomes needs to be studied further. None.
Selection and preliminary application of a single stranded DNA aptamer targeting colorectal cancer serum (2019)

Aptamer Seq-2 with high affinity and selectivity was screened against colorectal cancer serum directly for clinical application.
Transgenic study of energy homeostasis equation: implications and confounding influences (2000)

Recently novel molecular mediators and regulatory pathways for feeding and body weight regulation have been identified in the brain and the periphery. Mice lacking or overexpressing these mediators or receptors have been produced by molecular genetic techniques, and observations on mutant mice have shed new light on the role of each element in the homeostatic loop of body weight regulation. However, the interpretation of the phenotype is under the potential influence of developmental compensation and other genetic and environmental confounds. Specific alterations of the mediators and the consequences of the altered expression patterns are reviewed here and discussed in the context of their functions as suggested from conventional pharmacological studies. Advanced gene targeting strategies in which genes can be turned on or off at desired tissues and times would undoubtedly lead to a better understanding of the highly integrated and redundant systems for energy homeostasis equation.
The Optimal Structural Design of the Human Spinal Intervertebral Disc (2007)

The intervertebral disc (IVD) acts as a shock-absorbing unit and effectively contains its lateral and axial deformations while providing the necessary flexibility to the spine. These attributes are due to the stress-stiffening material (elastic modulus) property of the annulus, caused by the pressure developed in the nucleus pulposus (NP). Hence, one of the biomechanical roles of the NP in the IVD is to stress the annulus while the IVD is loaded. In this paper, a closed-form solution of the IVD (with NP, i.e. a healthy IVD, and without NP, i.e. a nucleotomized IVD) under compressive loading is developed. Based on the analysis, it is observed that the deformations of the IVD do not increase in proportion to the load. Rather, the rate of increase in deformation decreases as the load increases. This is a key optimal feature because it means that deformations are contained and therefore stability is maintained. Further, it is shown that the nucleotomized IVD deforms more than the healthy IVD. This means that the nucleotomized IVD will have higher chances of collapse than the healthy IVD for the same level of loading. This result is a contra-indication for nucleotomy. Our proposal is to place a biocompatible gel-filled balloon to simulate the beneficial effects of the NP.
Cooperative adsorption behavior of fatty acid methyl esters from hexadecane via coefficient of friction measurements (2005)

Abstract The frictional behaviors of methyl oleate (MO), methyl palmitate (MP), methyl laurate (ML), and methyl stearate (MSt) as additives in hexadecane have been examined in a boundary lubrication test regime using steel contacts. It was found that the transient attributes of coefficient of friction (COF)‐time spectra are a sensitive measure of adsorption equilibria. Critical additive concentrations were defined and used to perform novel and simple Langmuir analyses that provide an order of adsoprtion energies: MSt&gt;MP&gt;MO≥ML. Application of Langmuir, Temkin, and Frumkin‐Fowler‐Guggenheim adsorption models via nonlinear fitting of a general cooperative model demonstrates the necessary inclusion of cooperative effects in the applied model. In agreement with the qualitative features of steady‐state COF‐concentration plots, MSt modeling requires minimal cooperative interaction terms. However, MO, MP, and ML data require large attractive interaction terms to be adequately fitted. Primary adsorption energies calculated via the cooperative model are necessarily decreased, whereas total adsorption energies correlate well with values obtained via critical concentration analyses. These results and comparisons with previous adsorption studies of MO and MSt suggest that primary (ester‐surface) and secondary (alkyl‐surface) adsorbate‐adsorbent, adsorbate‐adsorbare, and (free‐additive) adsorpt‐adsorpt interactions collectively determine both the calculated primary and the cooperative interaction energies.
The effects of cross-sectional elongation on trapped electron modes. Interim report (1977)

The dispersion relation for the trapped electron mode in noncircular cross-section tokamaks is formulated and evaluated. It is shown that modest reductions in the growth rate result from cross-sectional elongation. (Author)