gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[A case of rapidly progressing retroperitoneal differentiation type liposarcoma]. (2012)

A 75-year-old man visited our hospital in August 2011 due to general malaise and loss of appetite. Abdominal computed tomography scan showed a retroperitoneal tumor. Therefore, we performed resection of the retroperitoneal tumor, pancreas tail, and spleen. The pathological diagnosis was dedifferentiation-type liposarcoma with invasion of pancreas. Abdominal computed tomography scan 2 months after the operation showed peritoneal dissemination and multiple liver metastasis. The patient selected the best supportive care. An effective cure for dedifferentiation-type liposarcoma, besides surgical resection, is not yet established. Therefore, complete resection is important. Moreover, since the rate of recurrence is high, the development of an effective systemic chemotherapy is desired.
Brief report An unusual case of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and the role of '11 In-pentetreotide scintigraphy (1996)

A 50-year-old woman is described with a very unusual combination of MEN-l syndrome with a negative family history. At first she had been treated because of a clinically non-functioning pituitary adenoma in the maxillary sinus. Six years later a carcinoid tumour was discovered by means of “‘In-pentreotide scintigraphy.
14-Day Variant of the Bleomycin, Etoposide, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Procarbazine, and Prednisone Regimen in Advanced-Stage Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Results of a Pilot Study of the German Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Study Group (2003)

Acceleration of the BEACOPP baseline regimen by shortening cycle duration with G-CSF support is feasible and effective with moderate acute toxicity. On the basis of these results, the German Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group will compare the BEACOPP-14 regimen with BEACOPP-21 escalated in a prospective multicenter randomized trial.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the tungsten-dependent acetylene hydratase fromPelobacter acetylenicus (2005)

Acetylene hydratase is a tungsten-containing hydroxylase that converts acetylene to acetaldehyde in a unique reaction that requires a strong reductant. The subsequent disproportionation of acetaldehyde yields acetate and ethanol. Crystals of the tungsten/iron-sulfur protein acetylene hydratase from Pelobacter acetylenicus strain WoAcy 1 (DSM 3246) were grown by the vapour-diffusion method in an N2/H2 atmosphere using polyethylene glycol as precipitant. Growth of crystals suitable for X-ray analysis strictly depended on the presence of Ti(III) citrate or dithionite as reducing agents.
A Long-Term Simulation Study on Variability of Short-Necked Clam Resources in Ise Bay in the 1990s (2011)

To investigate major causes of the variability of the short-necked clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) resources in Ise Bay in the 1990s, we carried out a long-term numerical simulation using the 3D hydrodynamic and biogeochemical cycle model coupled with the life cycle model of the short-necked clam. The calculated results of the clam yields agreed with the observed variability; the decrease trend during 1990-1996 and the increase trend during 1997-2000. The results indicated that the clam yields mainly depended on the pelagic-larval settlement. The key factor of the pelagic-larval settlement was the change in the spawning rate depending on the sea temperature in the spring spawning seasons. The sea temperature in the spring spawning season was considered to be the major cause of the clam yield variability during 1990-2000 in Ise Bay.
Induction of multiple CD8+ T cell responses against the inducible Hsp70 employing an Hsp70 oligoepitope peptide (2007)

The inducible heat shock protein Hsp70 has been described as a tumour antigen being frequently overexpressed in tumours of various histologic origins, with a role in tumourigenicity, as a critical event in tumour progression. A strategy to enhance the immune response to an antigen is the identification of multiple epitopes and the induction of a polyspecific response. Applied to tumour vaccination, such a polyspecific response should lead to a more robust antitumour efficacy. The long peptide Hsp70380-402 encompasses three nonamer peptides with a high affinity for HLA-A *0201. In a previous paper, we have shown that two of these nonamer peptides, p391 and p393, can raise CTL to recognize tumour cells overexpressing Hsp70. In the present paper, we demonstrate that the third nonamer peptide, p380, is a new epitope efficient in raising an antitumour immune response. The p380-402 polypeptide was able to induce an immune response against each of the three constituent epitopes both in vivo in HLA-A *0201 transgenic mice and in vitro with human PBMC. This polypeptide therefore constitutes an interesting candidate for the induction of multiple HLA-A *0201-restricted anti-Hsp70 antitumour CTL responses.
Sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers undergo sprouting and neuroma formation in the painful arthritic joint of geriatric mice (2012)

Sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers that innervate the aged knee joint clearly maintain the capacity for robust nerve sprouting and formation of neuroma-like structures after inflammation/injury. Understanding the factors that drive this neuroplasticity, whether this pathologic reorganization of nerve fibers contributes to chronic joint pain, and how the phenotype of sensory and sympathetic nerves changes with age may provide pharmacologic insight and targets for better controlling aging-related joint pain.
An epigenetic switch controls an alternative NR2F2 isoform that unleashes a metastatic program in melanoma (2023)

Metastatic melanoma develops once transformed melanocytic cells begin to de-differentiate into migratory and invasive melanoma cells with neural crest cell (NCC)-like and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like features. However, it is still unclear how transformed melanocytes assume a metastatic melanoma cell state. Here, we define DNA methylation changes that accompany metastatic progression in melanoma patients and discover Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 2 Group F, Member 2 - isoform 2 (NR2F2-Iso2) as an epigenetically regulated metastasis driver. NR2F2-Iso2 is transcribed from an alternative transcriptional start site (TSS) and it is truncated at the N-terminal end which encodes the NR2F2 DNA-binding domain. We find that NR2F2-Iso2 expression is turned off by DNA methylation when NCCs differentiate into melanocytes. Conversely, this process is reversed during metastatic melanoma progression, when NR2F2-Iso2 becomes increasingly hypomethylated and re-expressed. Our functional and molecular studies suggest that NR2F2-Iso2 drives metastatic melanoma progression by modulating the activity of full-length NR2F2 (Isoform 1) over EMT- and NCC-associated target genes. Our findings indicate that DNA methylation changes play a crucial role during metastatic melanoma progression, and their control of NR2F2 activity allows transformed melanocytes to acquire NCC-like and EMT-like features. This epigenetically regulated transcriptional plasticity facilitates cell state transitions and metastatic spread.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Increased Levels of COX-2 and Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> Contribute to Elevated Aromatase Expression in Inflamed Breast Tissue of Obese Women (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 73K&lt;/p&gt;
NK3-specific natural killer cells are selectively inhibited by Bw4-positive HLA alleles with isoleucine 80. (1994)

Natural killer (NK) cell clones have been previously described which are inhibited by HLA-C alleles with Asn77-Lys80 (NK1-specific cells) or by HLA-C alleles with Ser77-Asn80 (NK2-specific cells). In the present work, the generation of NK cells with HLA-B-related specificities was attempted by stimulation of a Bw4 homozygous responder by a Bw6 homozygous donor. Two NK clones were found, which were inhibited by HLA-Bw4 (but not by HLA-Bw6) allotypes and by some HLA-A allotypes that share the Bw4 public epitope. Inhibition of NK cell-mediated lysis strongly correlated with the presence of an Ile residue at position 80 of the protective allele. These NK cell clones define a new specificity termed NK3.
Commentary: Building an Evidence Base for Promoting Informed Prostate Cancer Screening Decisions: An Overview of a Cancer Prevention and Control Program (2017)

African American (AA) men have significantly higher mortality rates from prostate cancer (PrCA) than other racial groups. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify strategies for promoting informed PrCA screening decisions among this population. This article details the community-driven, social and behavioral research being implemented by a Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program (CPCP) to support the development of person-to-person and technological interventions to improve the dissemination of PrCA information to AA men and their families. This article concludes with four recommendations to advance future research and practice related to the use of interventions for promoting informed PrCA decision-making among AAs. These recommendations include: 1) informing men about controversial screening recommendations; 2) including families in educational interventions about PrCA; 3) using technology as a modality for disseminating PrCA information when appropriate; and 4) aiming to create interventions that can be translated into community and clinical settings.
2000-eV argon ion beam induced formation of multiple chemical states in titanium dioxide mesoporous film (2023)

Oxygen vacancies were created on the surface of TiO 2 mesoporous film after exposure to a 2000 eV argon ion beam. Confirmation of the presence of the vacancies was conducted through x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis which reveals Ti 2p, O 1s, C 1s, and Ar 2p chemical states at different binding energies. Ti 2p spectra show five distinct peaks corresponding to Ti 2+ 2p 1/2 , Ti 3+ 2p 3/2 , Ti 4+ 2p 3/2 , Ti 3+ 2p 1/2, and Ti 4+ 2p 1/2 states while the Ti 4+ continuously reduced to Ti 3+ and Ti 2+ as the irradiation time of Ar + increases. The Ar + irradiation leads to the lower binding energy of the Ti 2p state with an increase in irradiation time while the binding energy of O 1s becomes higher with irradiation time. The peaks correspond to lattice oxygen; oxygen vacancy and adsorbed oxygen were observed in high-resolution O 1s spectra while the peak area ratio of oxygen vacancy with lattice oxygen increases with irradiation time. The atomic percentage of C 1s decreases with irradiation time while that of Ti 2p, O 1s, and Ar 2p increases with irradiation time. An increase in irradiation time leads to insignificantly shifting of the valence band edge towards the conduction band . The observed response of the prepared nano-particle TiO 2 after 2000 eV Ar + exposure which conveniently creates oxygen vacancies in the crystallographic structure of the semiconductor could be a versatile approach to enhancing the photocatalytic activity of the semiconductor for various industrial and technological applications.
TE-pass polarizer using metal vias for silicon-on-insulator platform (2015)

A TE-pass polarizer that uses metal vias for absorption of TM light is proposed. A 100-micron device can achieve 20dB extinction ratio with 0.23dB insertion loss. The polarizer is compatible with standard silicon-on-insulator foundry processes.
Multilayered Solid-State Neutron Sensor (2021)

Recent advances in semiconductor processing technology have enabled development of a solid-state neutron sensor with exceptional efficiency for its unique reduced size. The boron-10 ( n, alpha) capture reaction is used to detect incident thermal neutrons. This reaction offers significant advantages for a small detector because the reaction products have high energies which can generate a large number of charge carriers in semiconductor materials by impact ionization. The enabling and differentiating technology of the sensor design is a stack consisting of multiple bilayers alternating between converter material (boron) and collector semiconductor material (silicon). As the number of these bilayers increases, the probability of a neutron interacting with boron-10 in at least one of the bilayers-so it is captured in the detector before it has a chance to pass through-approaches unity. The sensor can be made very thin while also remaining highly efficient, offering a unique possibility for low-profile in situ dosimetry. Calculations have shown that a multilayer sensor with an efficiency greater than 70% is feasible in a sensor stack 2 mm thick.
T cell-dependent regulation of eotaxin in antigen-induced pulmonary eosinophila. (1996)

T lymphocytes have been implicated in controlling the recruitment of eosinophils into the lung in murine models of allergic asthma. The mechanism by which T cells assist in the recruitment of eosinophils to the lung in these models is not completely understood. We hypothesized that eosinophil-active chemokines might be regulated by antigen (Ag)-induced T cell activation in vivo and thereby mediate T cell-dependent eosinophil recruitment. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effect of an anti-CD3 mAb on Ag-induced pulmonary eosinophilia and correlated this with the expression of three eosinophil-active chemokines: eotaxin, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, and RANTES. We found that Ag-induced pulmonary eosinophilia was associated with the induction of eotaxin and MIP-1 alpha, but not RANTES mRNA. Prechallenge treatment with anti-CD3 mAb inhibited eotaxin, but not MIP-1 alpha and RANTES mRNA induction, and significantly reduced eosinophil accumulation in the lung. In addition, Ag-specific antibody responses and mast cell degranulation after Ag challenge in sensitized mice were not affected by T cell elimination, and were not sufficient to induce the expression of eotaxin and cause pulmonary eosinophilia. These findings suggest that eotaxin is one of the molecular links between Ag-specific T cell activation and the recruitment of eosinophils into the airways.
Humpback whale posture and song propagation in very shallow water. (2010)

Male humpback whale song is thought to mediate inter- and intra-sexual interactions and to have an important role in mating strategies. This behavior was investigated on the Abrolhos bank off Brazil. Males were recorded in three different postures: (1) underwater; (2) at the surface; and (3) tail-up (upside-down position with fluke out of the water). Matching sounds emitted just before and just after singers changed from tail-up to singing at the surface (T-S) and from underwater to singing at the surface (U-S) were used to determine if posture affects song propagation. rms amplitude values for each sound in third-octave bands and in two custom frequency bands (70–350 Hz and roughly 700–3500 Hz) were calculated. rms amplitude ratios (U/S and T/S) were compared to determine if the median amplitude ratio was different from zero. The differences between T-S and U-S median rms amplitude ratios were also compared to test if the tail-up posture had any additional advantages in transmission over singing underwater. The results show that males increase the acoustic area of their song by almost nine times singing underwater or in the tail-up posture and, for the lower frequency components of the song, the tail-up posture further increases sound transmission.
Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity- and Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity-Independent Bactericidal Activity of an IgG against Pseudomonas aeruginosa O6ad (2010)

In addition to Ag recognition, some Abs are capable of killing target organisms in the absence of phagocytes and complement. In this study, we report that an anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa O6ad LPS IgG(1), tobacco-expressed human S20 IgG(1) (te-hS20), as well as its recombinant Fab and single-chain variable fragment (scFv) fragments have cellular- and complement-independent bactericidal activity. te-hS20 and its Fab and scFv significantly reduced viability of P. aeruginosa O6ad in dose- and time-dependent manners in vitro and also showed lower levels of bactericidal activity against P. aeruginosa PAO1, but had no activity against P. aeruginosa O10, Escherichia coli TG1, and Streptococcus agalactiae. The H chain and its Fd fragment both had significant Ag-binding and bactericidal activities against P. aeruginosa O6ad. Bactericidal activity was completely inhibited with specific LPS Ag, suggesting that Ag binding is involved in the bactericidal mechanism. Live/dead cell staining and electron microscopic observations indicate that the bactericidal effect was due to disruption of the cell wall and suggest inhibition of cell division. In addition to te-hS20, the Fab and scFv were also protective in vivo, as leukopenic mice had prolonged and improved survival after administration of these Ab fragments followed by challenge with P. aeruginosa O6ad cells at 80-90% lethal dose, supporting a bactericidal mechanism independent of phagocytes and complement. Understanding of the bactericidal mechanism will allow assessment of the potential for therapeutic application of these Abs.
Differences in the action of various drugs on striatal acetylcholine and choline content in rats killed by decapitation or microwave radiation (1976)

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P>
Speaker-independent word recognition by less cost and stochastic dynamic time warping method (1987)

In this paper, we describe some considerations on a speaker-independent word recognition method on a large vocabulary size by the concatenation of syllable templates and a stochastic dynamic time warping method, where syllable templates are taken from spoken words. We got the reference patterns from 216 words uttered by 30 male speakers and recognized the other 200 words uttered by the other 10 speakers. The standard dynamic time warping method for speakerindependent recognition on 200 words gave the average word recognition rate of 89.3%. The stochastic dynamic time warping method we proposed here improved the recognition rate to 92.9%.
The ModifiedrOut ofmControl Chart (2008)

It is well known that the Shewhart control chart is relatively insensitive to detect small process average shifts. In this article, we introduce and investigate the basic features of the modified r out of m control chart. The new control chart outperforms the Shewhart control chart for small to moderate process average shifts and the corresponding r out of m control chart which has been recently appeared in the literature.
Epidemiology and clinical classification of onychomycosis (2005)

A consensus was reached that treatment strategy should depend on the severity of nail involvement and the causative fungus. It is thus important to promote the importance of sampling. To simplify the choice of an appropriate treatment, onychomycosis may be divided into just two clinical groups: onychomycosis with and without nail matrix area involvement. However, the distinct clinical findings (number and type of affected nails, multimorbidity, drug interaction, etc.) in each individual case must be taken into account to ensure an appropriate treatment decision.
Kernel methods in steganalysis (2008)

Steganography is the art of covert communication. Its goal is achieved by hiding secret messages into innocuous objects such as digital images, audio files, etc. As any other technology, steganography can be used for malicious purpose. The need to detect steganographic objects give rise to steganalysis, a complementary task to steganography. The main focus of this dissertation is on steganalysis of JPEG images, as the JPEG image format is nowadays the most frequently used image format. 
In the first part of the dissertation, a detector recognizing six popular steganographic algorithms is presented. This detector is novel in many ways. First, it not only detects the presence of a secret message, but also assigns the image to a class according to the algorithm used to embed the message. Second, it detects stego content in single-compressed as well as in double-compressed JPEG images. Third, it offers superior accuracy in comparison to prior art. 
The detector is based on feature extraction and supervised training of two banks of multi-classifiers implemented by Support Vector Machines. The first bank targeted to single-compressed images contains a separate multi-classifier trained for each JPEG quality factor from a certain range. Another bank of multi-classifiers is trained for double-compressed images for the same range of primary quality factors. Multi-classifier banks are preceded by a pre-classifier detecting double-compression and estimating the primary quantization table. 
The second part of the dissertation presents a method for benchmarking security of steganographic algorithms. We argue that a good benchmark should be dependent only on the model chosen to represent cover and stego objects (feature set). While the KL divergence would be a preferable measure, because it is a fundamental quantity, there are practical difficulties in computing it. Therefore a Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) is proposed as a measure of steganographic security, because it is well understood theoretically, and is numerically stable even in high-dimensional spaces.
Subgraph centrality in complex networks (2005)

We introduce a new centrality measure that characterizes the participation of each node in all subgraphs in a network. Smaller subgraphs are given more weight than larger ones, which makes this measure appropriate for characterizing network motifs. We show that the subgraph centrality [C(S)(i)] can be obtained mathematically from the spectra of the adjacency matrix of the network. This measure is better able to discriminate the nodes of a network than alternate measures such as degree, closeness, betweenness, and eigenvector centralities. We study eight real-world networks for which C(S)(i) displays useful and desirable properties, such as clear ranking of nodes and scale-free characteristics. Compared with the number of links per node, the ranking introduced by C(S)(i) (for the nodes in the protein interaction network of S. cereviciae) is more highly correlated with the lethality of individual proteins removed from the proteome.
Specificity of arginine binding by the Tetrahymena intron (1989)

L-Arginine competitively inhibits the reaction of GTP with the Tetrahymena ribosomal self-splicing intron. In order to define this RNA binding site for arginine, Ki's have now been measured for numerous arginine-like competitive inhibitors. Detailed consideration of the Ki's suggests a tripartite binding model. The dissociation constants of the inhibitors can be consistently interpreted if the guanidino group of arginine binds in the GTP site by utilizing the H-bonds otherwise made to the N1-H and 2 NH2 of the guanine pyrimidine ring. The positive charge of the arginine guanidino group also enhances binding. A second requirement is for the precise length of the aliphatic arm connecting the guanidino with the alpha-carbon. The positive charge of the alpha-amino group is the third feature essential to effective inhibition. The negative carboxyl charge of arginine inhibits binding, and the substituents on the alpha-carbon are probably oriented, with the alpha-amino group near the phosphate backbone of the RNA. This orientation contributes strongly to the L stereoselectivity of the amino acid site on the RNA. When spaced optimally, net contribution to the free energy of binding is of the same order for the guanidino group and for the arginine alpha-carbon substituents, but the guanidino apparently contributes more to binding free energy. Taken together, these observations extend the previous binding model [Yarus, M. (1988) Science (Washington, D.C.) 240, 1751-1758]. The observed dependence of binding on universal characteristics of amino acids suggests that RNA binding sites with other amino acid specificities could exist.