gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathobiological Characterization of a Novel Reassortant Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Virus Isolated in British Columbia, Canada, 2015 (2016)

In the current study, we describe the pathobiologic characteristics of a novel reassortant virus - A/chicken/BC/FAV-002/2015 (H5N1) belonging to clade 2.3.4.4 that was isolated from backyard chickens in British Columbia, Canada. Sequence analyses demonstrate PB1, PA, NA and NS gene segments were of North American lineage while PB2, HA, NP and M were derived from a Eurasian lineage H5N8 virus. This novel virus had a 19 amino acid deletion in the neuraminidase stalk. We evaluated the pathogenic potential of this isolate in various animal models. The virus was highly pathogenic to mice with a LD50 of 10 plaque forming units (PFU), but had limited tissue tropism. It caused only subclinical infection in pigs which did result in seroconversion. This virus was highly pathogenic to chickens, turkeys, juvenile Muscovy ducks (Cairnia moschata foma domestica) and adult Chinese geese (Anser cynoides domesticus) causing a systemic infection in all species. The virus was also efficiently transmitted and resulted in mortality in naïve contact ducks, geese and chickens. Our findings indicate that this novel H5N1 virus has a wide host range and enhanced surveillance of migratory waterfowl may be necessary in order to determine its potential to establish itself in the wild bird reservoir.
Mission operations with autonomy: a preliminary report for Earth Observing-1 (2004)

Abstract. Space mission operations are extremely labor and knowledge-intensive and are driven by the ground and flight systems. Inclusion of an autonomy capability can have dramatic effects on mission operations. We describe the current (more conventional) mission operations flow for the Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) spacecraft as well as the more autonomous operations to which we are transitioning as part of the Autonomous Sciencecraft Experiment (ASE).
Chondrosarcomatous differentiation in metastatic deposit of serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma (2000)

A rare case of serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary showing chondrosarcomatous differentiation in a metastatic deposit late in the clinical course is reported. A 49-year-old female underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for bilateral ovarian tumors. Histological diagnosis was serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of both ovaries with lymph node metastasis. After six courses of chemotherapy, she was confirmed to be in complete remission following a second laparotomy. Following additional chemotherapy, a third laparotomy disclosed swollen left inguinal lymph nodes. In one of these nodes, approximately 5.0 cm in greatest diameter, the predominant histological features were: chondrosarcoma of the bone and soft tissue, with small foci of serous papillary adenocarcinoma and squamous epithelium. A histological transition between mesenchymal and epithelial areas was identified. Immunohistochemical positivity for broad-spectrum cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, and S-100 protein was observed in both chondrosarcomatous and epithelial areas. The current evidence may suggest that the chondrosarcomatous differentiation was derived from the metastatic epithelial component.
Toward Human-oriented Transportation (2009)

INTRODUCTION SINCE its formation as Hitachi, Ltd. in 1910, Hitachi has contributed to society through the supply of infrastructure products based on highly reliable core technologies, including nuclear, thermal and hydroelectric power generation, electricity delivery system, plant for the steel and chemical industries, railway systems, automotive electronics systems, urban development solutions, IT (information technology) solutions and services, and IT platforms. Meanwhile, in the future there will be a need to exist in harmony with the surrounding environment and the diversity of people in a world where IT infrastructure is becoming more pervasive and amidst concerns such as the aging society and protection of the global environment. This article focuses on forms of transportation such as automobiles, trains, and elevators, and gives examples of Hitachi’s involvement in the research and development of products and technologies that take account of the human factor with the aim of creating a society that is safe, secure, and comfortable while also taking care to protect the environment.
System-Level Optimization in Poisson Cellular Networks: An Approach Based on the Generalized Benders Decomposition (2020)

During the last decade, stochastic geometry has been widely employed for system-level analysis in cellular networks. The resulting analytical frameworks are, however, not always amenable for system-level optimization. This is due to three main reasons: (i) the performance metric of interest may not be formulated in closed-form; (ii) under some analytically tractable modeling assumptions, important system parameters may not explicitly appear in the analytical frameworks; and (iii) the optimization problem may not possess any structural properties, e.g., convexity, that facilitate the development of numerical algorithms for optimizing multiple (continuous- and discrete-valued) parameters at an affordable computational complexity and with performance-guarantee, e.g., the convergence to the global optimum is provable. In this letter, by leveraging a recently proposed definition of coverage probability, we formulate mixed-integer non-linear system-level resource allocation problems in Poisson cellular networks and prove that their global optimum can be efficiently calculated by applying the generalized Benders decomposition. Numerical results are illustrated in order to compare the proposed approach against brute-force and greedy-like optimization algorithms.
X-ray absorption spectroscopy on the basis of hybrid X-pinch radiation (2015)

Results of experiments on X-ray absorption spectroscopy carried out at the BIN (270 kA, 100 ns) and XP (450 kA, 45 ns) facilities are presented. Continuum radiation of a Mo hybrid X-pinch was used as probing radiation, against which absorption lines of the plasma of exploded Al wires placed in the return current circuit of a hybrid X-pinch, as well as in a two- and four-wire array, were observed. The experiments have demonstrated that the radiation of a hybrid X-pinch hot spot can be used as probing radiation for X-ray absorption spectroscopy and that, in many parameters, such a source surpasses those on the basis of laser-produced plasma. The plasma parameters in arrays made of two and four Al wires were studied experimentally.
Compensation of Propagation Distortions Using Coherent Optical Adaptive Techniques (COAT) (1976)

Coherent Optical Adaptive Techniques offer promising solutions to problems of phase distortions occurring in optical systems or produced by the atmosphere. A review of several basic COAT system concepts is presented along with a discussion of the basic hardware components required to implement such systems. Experimental and computer simulation results are presented that graphically demonstrate the ability of COAT systems to compensate propagation distortions in both imaging and transmitted-beam applications.
Kinetic energy influence of hyperthermal dual ion beams on bonding and optical properties of carbon nitride films (1998)

Carbon nitride films were produced by simultaneous irradiation of well-defined hyperthermal (50–400 eV), isotopically mass-separated C2−12 and N+14 ions with various kinetic energy combinations. It was found that the intensity of CN-triple bonds normalized by the amount of nitrogen atoms in the films and the complex refraction index (n,k) are correlated with the energy combination of C2−12 and N+14 ions.
The visibility--voronoi complex and its applications (2005)

We introduce a new type of diagram called the VV(c)-diagram (the Visibility--Voronoi diagram for clearance c), which is a hybrid between the visibility graph and the Voronoi diagram of polygons in the plane. It evolves from the visibility graph to the Voronoi diagram as the parameter c grows from 0 to ∞. This diagram can be used for planning natural-looking paths for a robot translating amidst polygonal obstacles in the plane. A natural-looking path is short, smooth, and keeps --- where possible --- an amount of clearance c from the obstacles. The VV(c)-diagram contains such paths. We also propose an algorithm that is capable of preprocessing a scene of configuration-space polygonal obstacles and constructs a data structure called the VV(c)-complex. The VV(c)-complex can be used to efficiently plan motion paths for any start and goal configuration and any clearance value c, without having to explicitly construct the VV(c)-diagram for that c-value. The preprocessing time is O(n2 log n), where n is the total number of obstacle vertices, and the data structure can be queried directly for any c-value by merely performing a Dijkstra search. We have implemented a Cgal-based software package for computing the VV(c)-diagram in an exact manner for a given clearance value, and used it to plan natural-looking paths in various applications.
Probiotics function mechanistically as delivery vehicles for neuroactive compounds: Microbial endocrinology in the design and use of probiotics (2011)

I hypothesize here that the ability of probiotics to synthesize neuroactive compounds provides a unifying microbial endocrinology-based mechanism to explain the hitherto incompletely understood action of commensal microbiota that affect the host's gastrointestinal and psychological health. Once ingested, probiotics enter an interactive environment encompassing microbiological, immunological, and neurophysiological components. By utilizing a trans-disciplinary framework known as microbial endocrinology, mechanisms that would otherwise not be considered become apparent since any candidate would need to be shared among all three components. The range of neurochemicals produced by probiotics includes neurochemicals for which receptor-based targets on immune and neuronal elements (intestinal and extra-intestinal) have been well characterized. Production of neurochemicals by probiotics therefore allows for their consideration as delivery vehicles for neuroactive compounds. This unifying microbial endocrinology-based hypothesis, which may facilitate the selection and design of probiotics for clinical use, also highlights the largely unrecognized role of neuroscience in understanding how microbes may influence health.
Evaluation of the role of rat liver Golgi endo-alpha-D-mannosidase in processing N-linked oligosaccharides. (1988)

Golgi membranes from rat liver have been shown to contain an endo-alpha-D-mannosidase which can convert Glc1Man9GlcNAc to Man8GlcNAc with the release of Glc alpha 1----3Man (Lubas, W. A., and Spiro, R. G. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 3775-3781). We now report that this enzyme has the capacity to cleave the alpha 1----2 linkage between the glucose-substituted mannose residue and the remainder of the polymannose branch in a wide range of oligosaccharides (Glc3Man9GlcNAc to Glc1Man4GlcNAc) as well as glycopeptides and oligosaccharide-lipids. Whereas the tri- and diglucosylated species (Glc3Man9GlcNAc and Glc2Man9GlcNAc), which yielded Glc3Man and Glc2Man, respectively, were processed more slowly than Glc1Man9GlcNAc, the monoglucosylated components with truncated mannose chains (Glc1Man8GlcNAc to Glc1Man4GlcNAc) were trimmed at an increased rate which was inversely related to the number of mannose residues present. The endomannosidase was not inhibited by a number of agents which are known to interfere with N-linked oligosaccharide processing by exoglycosidases, including 1-deoxynojirimycin, castanospermine, bromoconduritol, 1-deoxymannojirimycin, swainsonine, and EDTA. However, Tris and other buffers containing primary hydroxyl groups substantially decreased its activity. After Triton solubilization, the endomannosidase was observed to be bound to immobilized wheat germ agglutinin, indicating the presence of a type of carbohydrate unit consistent with Golgi localization of the enzyme. The Man8GlcNAc isomer produced by endomannosidase action was found to be processed by Golgi enzymes through a different sequence of intermediates than the rough endoplasmic reticulum-generated Man8GlcNAc variant, in which the terminal mannose of the middle branch is absent. Whereas the latter oligosaccharide is converted to Man5GlcNAc via Man7GlcNAc and Man6GlcNAc at an even rate, the processing of the endomannosidase-derived Man8GlcNAc stalls at the Man6GlcNAc stage due to the apparent resistance to Golgi mannosidase I of the alpha 1,2-linked mannose of the middle branch. The results of our study suggest that the Golgi endomannosidase takes part in a processing route for N-linked oligosaccharides which have retained glucose beyond the rough endoplasmic reticulum; the distinctive nature of this pathway may influence the ultimate structure of the resulting carbohydrate units.
Hydrogenation of Nanocrystalline Mg at Room Temperature in the Presence of TiH2 (2010)

Magnesium and magnesium-based alloys are considered attractive candidates as rechargeable hydrogen storage materials because of their high hydrogen storage capacities (theoretically up to 7.6 wt %), reversibility, and low cost. In this work, the hydrogenation of nanocrystalline magnesium at room temperature in the presence of TiH(2) was studied. The magnesium was derived by dehydrogenation of nanostructured MgH(2)-0.1TiH(2) prepared by using an ultra-high-energy and high-pressure planetary milling technique. Significant uptake of hydrogen by magnesium at room temperature was observed. The results demonstrate that the nanostructured MgH(2)-0.1TiH(2) system is superior to undoped nano- or micrometer-scaled MgH(2) with respect to the hydrogenation properties of magnesium at room temperature. This finding is potentially useful for a range of energy applications including mobile or stationary hydrogen fuel cells, cooling medium in electricity generation, and differential pressure compressors.
Spectrum and Burden of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent Hyporesponsiveness Among Contemporary Hemodialysis Patients (2016)

When using a contemporary definition at one point in time, ESA hyporesponsiveness was potently and persistently associated with greater mortality, greater iron and ESA use, and lower hemoglobin levels compared to non-ESA hyporesponsiveness.
Tracking filters using kinematic measurements (2007)

This paper describes two tracking filters based on the use of kinematic information (velocity, acceleration), in addition to usual position measurements. This kinematic information allows for more advanced filtering methods, reducing error especially on maneuvers. In the paper we will show two different Kalman filter exploiting this information, and compare them with regards to accuracy, computational load ... Mode S Enhanced Surveillance measures will be used as an example for the application of those filters.
The unpopular Package: a Data-driven Approach to De-trend TESS Full Frame Image Light Curves (2021)

The majority of observed pixels on the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) are delivered in the form of full frame images (FFI). However, the FFIs contain systematic effects such as pointing jitter and scattered light from the Earth and Moon that must be removed before downstream analysis. We present unpopular, an open-source Python package to de-trend TESS FFI light curves based on the causal pixel model method. Under the assumption that shared flux variations across multiple distant pixels are likely to be systematics, unpopular removes these common (i.e., popular) trends by modeling the systematics in a given pixel's light curve as a linear combination of light curves from many other distant pixels. To prevent overfitting we employ ridge regression and a train-and-test framework where the data points being de-trended are separated from those used to obtain the model coefficients. We also allow for simultaneous fitting with a polynomial model to capture any long-term astrophysical trends. We validate our method by de-trending different sources (e.g., supernova, tidal disruption event, exoplanet-hosting star, fast rotating star) and comparing our light curves to those obtained by other pipelines when appropriate. We also show that unpopular is able to preserve sector-length astrophysical signals, allowing for the extraction of multi-sector light curves from the FFI data. The unpopular source code and tutorials are freely available online.
Polymyxin-B-Binding Capacities of Isolated Phospholipids from Salmonella typhimurium (1975)

Conference Article| December 01 1975 Polymyxin-B-Binding Capacities of Isolated Phospholipids from Salmonella typhimurium MICHAEL TEUBER; MICHAEL TEUBER 1Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universitat München, D-8000 Munich 2, P.O.B. 202420, West Germany Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar HANS-PETER ENGEL; HANS-PETER ENGEL 1Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universitat München, D-8000 Munich 2, P.O.B. 202420, West Germany Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JOHANN BADER JOHANN BADER 1Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universitat München, D-8000 Munich 2, P.O.B. 202420, West Germany Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1975) 3 (6): 943–946. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0030943 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation MICHAEL TEUBER, HANS-PETER ENGEL, JOHANN BADER; Polymyxin-B-Binding Capacities of Isolated Phospholipids from Salmonella typhimurium. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1975; 3 (6): 943–946. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0030943 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1975 Biochemical Society1975 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Imaging Light Responses of Targeted Neuron Populations in the Rodent Retina (2011)

Decoding the wiring diagram of the retina requires simultaneous observation of activity in identified neuron populations. Available recording methods are limited in their scope: electrodes can access only a small fraction of neurons at once, whereas synthetic fluorescent indicator dyes label tissue indiscriminately. Here, we describe a method for studying retinal circuitry at cellular and subcellular levels combining two-photon microscopy and a genetically encoded calcium indicator. Using specific viral and promoter constructs to drive expression of GCaMP3, we labeled all five major neuron classes in the adult mouse retina. Stimulus-evoked GCaMP3 responses as imaged by two-photon microscopy permitted functional cell type annotation. Fluorescence responses were similar to those measured with the small molecule dye OGB-1. Fluorescence intensity correlated linearly with spike rates >10 spikes/s, and a significant change in fluorescence always reflected a significant change in spike firing rate. GCaMP3 expression had no apparent effect on neuronal function. Imaging at subcellular resolution showed compartment-specific calcium dynamics in multiple identified cell types.
Passive Microwave Studies of Atmospheric Precipitation and State (2002)

The principal contributions of this research on novel passive microwave spectral techniques are in the areas of: (1) global precipitation mapping using the opaque spectral bands on research and operational weather satellites, (2) development and analysis of extensive aircraft observational imaging data sets obtained using the MIT instrument NAST-M near 54 and 118 GHz over hurricanes and weather ranging from tropical to polar; simultaneous data from the 8500-channel infrared spectrometer NAST-I was obtained and analyzed separately, (3) estimation of hydrometeor diameters in cell tops using data from aircraft and spacecraft, (4) continued improvement of expressions for atmospheric transmittance at millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths, (5) development and airborne use of spectrometers operating near 183- and 425-GHz bands, appropriate to practical systems in geosynchronous orbit, and (6) preliminary studies of the design and performance of future geosynchronous microwave sounders for temperature and humidity profiles and for continuous monitoring of regional precipitation through most clouds. This work was a natural extension of work under NASA Grant NAG5-2545 and its predecessors. This earlier work had developed improved airborne imaging microwave spectrometers and had shown their sensitivity to precipitation altitude and character. They also had prepared the foundations for precipitation estimation using the opaque microwave bands. The field demonstration and improvement of these capabilities was then a central part of the present research reported here, during which period the first AMSU data became available and several hurricanes were overflown by NAST-M, yielding unique data about their microwave signatures. This present work has in turn helped lay the foundation for future progress in incorporating the opaque microwave channels in systems for climatologically precise global precipitation mapping from current and future operational satellites. Extension of these techniques to global snowfall mapping, even over ice and snow, is one such opportunity signaled by this research.
Significant enhancement of the thermoelectric figure of merit of polycrystalline Si films by reducing grain size (2016)

The thermoelectric properties of p-type polycrystalline silicon thin films deposited by low pressure chemical vapour deposition (LPCVD) were accurately determined at room temperature and the thermoelectric figure of merit was deduced as a function of film thickness, ranging from 100 to 500 nm. The effect of film thickness on their thermoelectric performance is discussed. More than threefold increase in the thermoelectric figure of merit of the 100 nm thick polysilicon film was observed compared to the 500 nm thick film, reaching a value as high as 0.033. This enhancement is mainly the result of the smaller grain size in the thinner films. With the decrease in grain size the resistivity of the films is increased twofold and electrical conductivity decreased, however the Seebeck coefficient is increased by 30% and the thermal conductivity is decreased eightfold, being mainly at the origin of the increased figure of merit of the 100 nm film. Our experimental results were compared to known theoretical models and the possible mechanisms involved are presented and discussed.
On capacity and emission improvements by smart antennas in mixed traffic UMTS networks (2004)

Apart from providing high system capacity it is essential for mobile communications systems as UMTS to operate with low electromagnetic emission. Smart antennas are one promising technology to establish exposure reduction while upholding system capacity requirements. In this context, the main objective of this paper is to assess the performance improvements of practically applicable beamforming concepts for UMTS networks. The concepts illuminated are fixed as well as adaptive beamforming. To obtain suitable assessments we especially attend three essential aspects. First, proper SINR modelling is considered including spatially formed inter-/intra-cell interference as well as pilot pollution prevailing UMTS networks. Special interest is secondly given on the interaction between UMTS specific radio-resource management algorithms as power-/load control and the smart antenna concepts considered. Finally, we investigate mixed data rate traffic which is expected for UMTS. The simulations are carried out utilizing a combination of UMTS physical and dynamic system level simulators.