gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A mass spring model for hair simulation (2008)

Our goal is to simulate the full hair geometry, consisting of approximately one hundred thousand hairs on a typical human head. This will require scalable methods that can simulate every hair as opposed to only a few guide hairs. Novel to this approach is that the individual hair/hair interactions can be modeled with physical parameters (friction, static attraction, etc.) at the scale of a single hair as opposed to clumped or continuum interactions. In this vein, we first propose a new altitude spring model for preventing collapse in the simulation of volumetric tetrahedra, and we show that it is also applicable both to bending in cloth and torsion in hair. We demonstrate that this new torsion model for hair behaves in a fashion similar to more sophisticated models with significantly reduced computational cost. For added efficiency, we introduce a semi-implicit discretization of standard springs that makes them truly linear in multiple spatial dimensions and thus unconditionally stable without requiring Newton-Raphson iteration. We also simulate complex hair/hair interactions including sticking and clumping behavior, collisions with objects (e.g. head and shoulders) and self-collisions. Notably, in line with our goal to simulate the full head of hair, we do not generate any new hairs at render time.
Ciprofloxacin and Rheumatoid Arthritis–Lack of Effect (1989)

Journal Article Ciprofloxacin and Rheumatoid Arthritis–Lack of Effect Get access DEBORAH MORTIBOY, DEBORAH MORTIBOY Department of Rheumatology, Dudley Road HospitalBirmingham B187QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. G. PALMER R. G. PALMER Department of Rheumatology, Dudley Road HospitalBirmingham B187QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rheumatology, Volume 28, Issue 3, June 1989, Page 272, https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/28.3.272 Published: 01 June 1989 Article history Received: 09 February 1989 Published: 01 June 1989
Enamine Barbiturates and Thiobarbiturates as a New Class of Bacterial Urease Inhibitors (2020)

Urease is a therapeutic target associated with several important diseases and health problems. Based on our previous work on the inhibition of glucosidase and other enzymes and exploiting the privileged structure assigned to the (thio)barbiturate (pyrimidine) scaffold, here we tested the capacity of two (thio)barbiturate-based compound collections to inhibit urease. Several compounds showed more activity than acetohydroxamic acid as a standard tested compound. In addition, by means of a conformational study and using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method, we identified energetically low-lying conformers. Finally, we undertook a docking study to explore the binding mechanism of these new pyrimidine derivatives as urease inhibitors.
A numerical–experimental assessment of wall impingement models for spark-ignition direct-injection engines (2019)

Liquid wall impingement in direct-injection engines can cause soot and hydrocarbon emissions as well as reduced combustion efficiency. This study focuses on detailed evaluations of numerical droplet impingement criteria that govern the onset of splash. The five selected splash criteria, which all extrapolate from single-droplet impacts to full sprays, are representative of those currently in use for spark-ignition direct-injection engines. The computations examined the sensitivity of impinging spray simulations to the splash criteria for a high-pressure, direct-injection swirl spray under atmospheric conditions impinging at a 45° angle onto a flat plate. The numerical results were compared to an unusually extensive set of experimental data: Mie scattering and light transmission imaging, plus quantitative refractive index matching measurements of the fuel film area and thickness, and phase Doppler interferometry measurements of droplet size and velocity near the plate. Good qualitative and at least fair quantitative agreement was obtained for the global spray impingement and wall film formation, especially for single-drop criteria that include the effect of viscosity. The film area and shape were insensitive to the splash criteria, illustrating the importance of film thickness measurements for validating simulations. The results also revealed the sensitivity of impingement calculations to droplet arrival frequency when that is taken into account. In general, the comparisons indicated the need to capture the effect of multiple droplets impinging on the wall at irregular frequencies in the criterion, as well as other important physics of the droplet–wall interaction that may mask the true effect of the impingement criterion.
Power is Knowledge (and Vice Versa):A Commentary on "On Winning Some and Losing Some:A Social Relations Approach to Social Dominancein Toddlers" (1999)

The conceptual and methodological strengths of On winning some and losing some are identified and the pedagogical value of the approach taken by Hawley and Little is commended. This research extends developmental researchers' under standing of social dominance, and should serve to revive the study of it. Questions unanswered in the study concern the validity of adult caregiver perceptions of social dominance, the relation between competition hierarchies and hierarchies based on directed agonism, and the relation between social dominance and social competence in young children.
Clofarabine with high dose cytarabine and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) priming for relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukaemia (2011)

This phase I/II study was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose, toxicity, and efficacy of clofarabine in combination with high dose cytarabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) priming (GCLAC), in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Dose escalation of clofarabine occurred without dose-limiting toxicity, so most patients were treated at the maximum dose, 25 mg/m(2) per day with cytarabine 2 g/m(2) per day, each for 5 d, and G-CSF 5 μg/kg, beginning the day before chemotherapy and continuing daily until neutrophil recovery. The complete remission (CR) rate among the 46 evaluable patients was 46% (95% confidence interval [CI] 31-61%) and the CR + CR but with a platelet count <100 × 10(9)/l rate was 61% (95% CI 45-75%). Multivariate analysis showed that responses to GCLAC were independent of age, cytogenetic risk category, and number of prior salvage regimens. GCLAC is highly active in relapsed and refractory AML and warrants prospective comparison to other regimens, as well as study in untreated patients.
Direct observation of radiation belt electrons precipitated by the controlled injection of VLF signals from a ground‐based transmitter (1983)

Radiation belt electrons precipitated by controlled injection of VLF signals from a ground based transmitter have been directly observed for the first time. These observations were part of the SEEP (Stimulated Emission of Energetic Particles) experiment conducted during May ‐ December 1982. Key elements of SEEP were the controlled modulation of VLF transmitters and a sensitive low altitude satellite payload to detect the precipitation. An outstanding example of time‐correlated wave and particle data occurred from 8680 to 8740 seconds U.T. on 17 August 1982 when the satellite passed near the VLF transmitter at Cutler, Maine (NAA) as it was being modulated with a repeated ON (3‐s)/OFF (2‐s) pattern. During each of twelve consecutive pulses from the transmitter the electron counting rate increased significantly after start of the ON period and reached a maximum about 2 seconds later. The measured energy spectra revealed that approximately 15 to 50 percent of the enhanced electron flux was concentrated near the resonant energies for first order cyclotron interactions occurring close to the magnetic equator with the nearly monochromatic waves emitted from the transmitter.
Aktive Kontrastübertragungstheorie (1959)

Bei den meisten Anwendungen der Kontrastübertragungstheorie gelten die Apparateeigenschaften (z.B. die Aberrationen) als bekannt. Daraus wird dann die Kontrastübertragungsfunktion berechnet. Hier dagegen lautet das Problem: wie muss der Apparat konstruiert werden, wenn eine ganz bestimmte Kontrastübertragungsfunktion gefordert wird? Unter diesem Aspekt wird die Kontrastübertragung für folgende Prozesse berechnet: Phasen- und Amplitudenfilter in der Pupille des Objektivs (periodisch oder statistisch, Fresnel-Linse); Bewegung des Bildes unter gleichzeitiger Variation der Beleuchtungsstärke; fotografische Kontrastverstärkung (steile Gradation, Nachbareffekt, Maskierung, Herschel-Methode); moderne Kontrastverstärkung (elektronische Maske Logetron, Fluoro-Dodge, Fernseh-Methoden).
Isostatic and Quasi-Isostatic Methods for Determining the Permeability of Organic Vapors Through Barrier Membranes (1986)

Two test methods have been developed which provide quantitative and reliable values for the rate of diffusion of organic vapors through polymer membranes. Method I is based on a quasi-isostatic procedure and utilizes gas chromatography analysis for quantifying the amount of organic vapor that has permeated through the membrane. The permeability of a number of permeant/polymer membrane combinations was determined by this method, with studies being carried out at constant temperature and with varying permeant concentrations. The effect of permeant concentration on the permeability rate, P, permeability constant, ¯P, the apparent diffusion coefficient, Da, and the limiting diffusion coefficient, D0, was determined for the diffusion of toluene vapor through oriented polypropylene, Saran, and a Saran-coated oriented polypropylene structure. Method II involved an isostatic procedure, in which a constant and low concentration of permeant is flowed through the upper cell chamber of a permeability cell. Simultaneously, nitrogen carrier gas (N2) of a known flow rate is continually passed through the lower cell chamber of the permeability cell and is conveyed to a gas chromatograph by means of a computer-aided gas sampling valve. The methods developed allow determination of the diffusion of organic aroma constituents through barrier membranes under defined conditions including (1) temperature, (2) permeant concentration, (3) membrane thickness, (4) polymer morphology (percent crystallinity), and, (5) polymer thermal mechanical history (that is, degree orientation), and they will have significant utility in evaluating plastic packaging material for food packaging, particularly as plastics are showing increased usefulness as packaging for fresh and processed food products.
Soft matter: a very short introduction (2021)

The book is part of the rather extensive series of Very Short Introduction volumes (500+ books) by OUP, covering all aspects of life, science and humanity from Abolitionism to Zionism, as it curren...
Current trends and future directions in community edge clouds (2015)

Cloud computing promises access to computing resources that is cost-effective, elastic and easily scalable. With few key cloud providers in the field, despite the benefits, there are issues like vendor lock-in, privacy and control over data. In this paper we focus on alternative models of cloud computing, like the community clouds at the edge which are built collaboratively using the resources contributed by the users, either through solely relying on users' machines, or using them to augment existing cloud infrastructures. We study community network clouds in the context of other initiatives in community cloud computing, mobile cloud computing, social cloud computing, and volunteer computing, and analyse how the context of community networks can support the community clouds.
DESIRE : une Troisième Voie pour un Système Européen de Notification d'Exposition (2020)

Ce document présente une autre voie pour rassembler le meilleur des approches centralisées et décentralisées pour la construction d'un système de notification d'exposition, dans l'objectif d'avoir un protocole interopérable à moyen terme au niveau européen : le protocole DESIRE-une évolution décentralisée de la proposition ROBust and privacy-presERving proximity Tracing (ROBERT). Deux améliorations majeures sont apportées par DESIRE : 1. Alors que le protocole ROBERT ne s'appuyait que sur des pseudonymes temporaires pour les applications, DESIRE s'appuie sur des « Private Encounter Tokens » (« jetons privés de rencontre ») ou PET, qui associent un pseudonyme unique et secret uniquement lors de la rencontre entre deux appareils mobiles à proximité l'un de l'autre. Ces jetons PET sont générés conjointement et de manière confidentielle par les applications des deux utilisateurs, ce qui apporte un meilleur niveau de protection de la vie privée. Cette génération locale dans les applications est une forme significative de décentralisation.2. Toutes les données stockées par l'autorité centrale sont désormais chiffrées à l'aide de clés secrètes stockées sur les appareils mobiles des utilisateurs, ce qui fournit une protection efficace contre d’éventuelles fuites de données.Ces nouvelles caractéristiques améliorent considérablement les garanties de confidentialité du protocole DESIRE vis-à-vis des autorités ou d’utilisateurs malveillants.
The utilization of polymer thick film (PTF) and flex technologies for low cost Power electronics packaging of DC/DC down converters (1999)

Electronic power converters have been designed, produced, and disseminated to the market in mass quantities utilizing a number offabrication techniques; ranging from standard Printed Circuit Board (PCB) technologies for low cost applications, to conventional thick film on ceramic, to Direct Bond Copper (DBC) approaches for high power, higher cost applications. Each of these approaches holds a share of the power packaging market, but they all demonstrate a limitation to conventional 2D flat board thinking. PCBs, thick films, and DBCs are all technologies which restrict, for the most part, circuit and package designs to two dimensional boards. The one potential pathway into the third dimension is through the use of multilayers ; an approach which becomes increasingly difficult with each additional layer added beyond the first, and with the exception of high performance solutions is typically cost prohibitive for the majority of applications. This paper will demonstrate the feasibility and viability of an alternative low cost power packaging option which utilizes familiar industry technologies in a unique manner; flexible polymer substrates. Flex technology employs industry standard PCB and/or thick film processes, offers the lower cost, higher performance solutions inherent with the majority of polymer plastics, and as a final bonus, essentially frees the designer to more efficiently utilize all three dimensions of space. The researchers have demonstrated the feasibility of this low cost alternative solution through the fabrication and testing of Integrated Power Modules (IPMs) which utilize flexible polymer substrates in conjunction with both surface mount and bare dice. These DC/DC power converters transform 120V/240V inputs to 9V, 7 Watt outputs, and illustrate through their unique geometrical design the miniaturization advantages of fully utilizing the 3D space offered by flex circuitry.
THE EVERY-OTHER-DAY PILL (1968)

Norgestrel (dl-13β-ethyl-17α-ethinyl-17β hydroxy-gon-4-en-3-one) is a potent progestin obtained by total synthesis from non-steroidal precursors (Edgren, Smith, Peterson &amp; Carter, 1963) which has been proved successful as an oral contraceptive (Coutinho &amp; de Souza, 1966). Results of experiments assessing the effectiveness of this compound indicated that the recommended daily dose of 0·5 mg norgestrel plus 0·05 mg ethinyl oestradiol was well in excess of the dose necessary to prevent conception, as the missing of one or even two pills never resulted in pregnancy (Coutinho &amp; de Souza, 1966). As each dose of the combination was apparently effective for at least 48 hr we decided to investigate its contraceptive capabilities when administered on alternate days only. The new regimen was tested on fifity-one young women of proven fertility and active sexual life for
Hookworm: “The Great Infection of Mankind” (2005)

Over the last five years, there has been increasing recognition of the global health importance of hookworm. New international efforts to control the morbidity of hookworm are in progress
Clinical Significance of Markedly Elevated Serum Creatine Kinase Levels in Patients with Acne on Isotretinoin (2001)

Muscle-related complaints and high creatine kinase (CK) blood levels have been reported in 16-51% of patients with acne treated with isotretinoin. It has been suggested that this retinoid and exercise have a synergistic effect on muscle. The presence of marked hyperCKemia during the treatment raises concern about rhabdomyolysis. The objective of this report was to evaluate the incidence, course and clinical significance of severe hyperCKemia in isotretinoin therapy for acne. Out of 442 patients on isotretinoin, we reviewed 7 patients (1.58%) with CK values above 5,000 IU/l. Only two of them had myalgia. Physical activity or intramuscular injection prior to blood testing was reported in 6 patients. CK values returned to normal within 2 weeks and all subjects except 2, completed treatment. In conclusion, marked hyperCKemia with or without muscle-related complaints in isotretinoin-treated patients with acne is a benign phenomenon.
Growth of Dielectric Al2O3 Films by Atomic Layer Deposition (2008)

A great interest is devoted to the development of memories having both high density and low energy consumption for application in personal computers and in automated electronic devices. This target can be achieved if a high dielectric material is obtained. One of the most promising candidates is aluminium oxide, Al2O3, due to its high dielectric constant (∼10), wide band gap (∼8 eV) and thermal stability. Al2O3 can be prepared as an amorphous layer, consequently avoiding strain and electrically active states at the interface between the oxide and the substrate material. In this communication we report on the growth of amorphous Al2O3 layers on n-type silicon.
Investigating HER2 status and polysomy 17 in gastric adenocarcinoma using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. (2014)

e15042 Background: Targeted therapy in gastric cancer has resulted in routine HER2 evaluation by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH). For ISH, a HER2 to chromosome 17 centromere (CEP17) ratio ≥ 2.0 is amplified. This assumes a diploid centromeric region. But in about 15% of cases, CEP17 counts are ≥3, suggestive of polysomy 17. In these cases, it is uncertain if HER2 is accurately assessed by ISH. It is also unknown if these are true polysomies or pericentromeric amplification. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) is a multi-target polymerase chain reaction technique that can simultaneously quantify many genes. This can distinguish between true polysomy and pericentromeric amplification. Methods: Silver ISH was performed and scored as per manufacturer guidelines (Ventana). We isolated DNA from paraffin blocks of 13 gastric cancers with ISH CEP17 counts ≥ 3, representing ISH polysomy. We collected 4 cases each of non-polysomic HER2 positive and negative controls, and 2 normal controls. We performed MLPA HER2 assay (MCR Holland) targeting 22 genes on chromosome 17. Results were standardized against normals. A MLPA ratio of 1.4 to 1.99 was deemed low amplified, and a ratio ≥ 2.0 was deemed high amplified. Results: One ISH negative polysomic case was highly amplified on MLPA. Conversely 1 ISH positive polysomic case was MLPA negative, and another was only low amplified (Table). This may be due to the focal nature of the amplification or stromal contamination. Overall, 7 of 13 ISH polysomic cases had low amplification of the pericentromeric gene WSB1. This could account for ISH CEP17 counts of ≥ 3.0. No sample showed amplification in the majority of chromosome 17 genes, suggesting that true polysomy is uncommon. Conclusions: Pericentrometric amplification appears to be more common than true polysomy 17 as an explanation for ISH CEP17 counts ≥ 3.0. This has potential implications for the use of HER2/CEP17 ratios in such cases. MLPA versus ISH results MLPA amplification ISH CEP17 ≥ 3 CEP17 < 3 HER2+ HER2- HER2+ HER2- HER2 - high 2 1 2 0 HER2 - low 0 2 1 0 HER2 - non-amplified 0 8 1 4 WSB1 - high (pericentromeric) 0 0 0 0 WSB1 - low 0 7 0 1 WSB1 - non-amplified 2 4 4 3
Restriction on Motion of Break Arcs Magnetically Blown-Out by Surrounding Walls in a 450VDC/10A Resistive Circuit (2016)

Silver electrical contacts are separated at constant speed and break arcs are generated between them in a 200V-450VDC and 10A resistive circuit. The motion of the break arcs is restricted by some surrounding alumina plates. Transverse magnetic field of a permanent magnet is applied to the break arcs. Changing the supply voltage and the height of a wall located at the upper side of the break arcs, the arc lengthening time and motion of the break arcs are investigated. As a result, the higher supply voltage causes an increase of the arc lengthening time. The arc lengthening time increases significantly when the break arcs expand into the whole of the surrounding walls.
Synthesis and Some Surface Active Properties of Fatty Derivatives of Propane Sultone (1966)

Surfactants having propane sulfonate group were prepared from fatty alcohols, acids, amides and amines.Surface active properties of their aqueous solutions were examined for surface tension, foaming-, penetrating-, emulsifying powers, hard water resistance and CMC.In general, their CMG's were lower than those of sodium alkyl-sulfates, and their surface active properties were excellent even at lower concentrations.As to the relationship between the alkylchain length in these derivatives and the surface active properties, lower surface tension was obtained by C14-and C16-derivatives, excellent emulsifying property by C18-derivatives, and superior foaming and penetrating powers by C12- and C18F1-derivatives.
Electrothermal Local Annealing via Graphite Joule Heating on Two-Dimensional Layered Transistors (2018)

A simple but powerful device platform for electrothermal local annealing (ELA) via graphite Joule heating on the surface of transition-metal dichalcogenide, is suggested here to sustainably restore intrinsic electrical properties of atomically thin layered materials. Such two-dimensional materials are easily deteriorated by undesirable surface/interface adsorbates and are screened by a high metal-to-semiconductor contact resistance. The proposed ELA allows one to expect a better electrical performance such as an excess electron doping, an enhanced carrier mobility, and a reduced surface traps in a monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>)/graphite heterostructure. The thermal distribution of local heating measured by an infrared thermal microscope and estimated by a finite element calculation shows that the annealing temperature reaches up to >400 K at ambient condition and the high efficiency of site-specific annealing is demonstrated unlike the case of conventional global thermal annealing. This ELA platform can be further promoted as a practical gas sensor application. From an O<sub>2</sub> cycling test and a low-frequency noise spectroscopy, the graphite on top of the MoS<sub>2</sub> continuously recovers its initial condition from surface adsorbates. This ELA technique significantly improves the stability and reliability of its gas sensing capability, which can be expanded in various nanoscale device applications.
Para que nos servem antropólogos da incerteza e da complexidade (2015)

A presente publicao rene 26 contributos de membros do Grupo de