gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Truncated tyrosine kinase B brain‐derived neurotrophic factor receptor directs cortical neural stem cells to a glial cell fate by a novel signaling mechanism (2006)

During development of the mammalian cerebral cortex neural stem cells (NSC) first generate neurons and subsequently produce glial cells. The mechanism(s) responsible for this developmental shift from neurogenesis to gliogenesis is unknown. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is believed to play important roles in the development of the mammalian cerebral cortex; it enhances neurogenesis and promotes the differentiation and survival of newly generated neurons. Here, we provide evidence that a truncated form of the BDNF receptor tyrosine kinase B (trkB-t) plays a pivotal role in directing embryonic mouse cortical NSC to a glial cell fate. Expression of trkB-t promotes differentiation of NSC toward astrocytes while inhibiting neurogenesis both in cell culture and in vivo. The mechanism by which trkB-t induces astrocyte genesis is not simply the result of inhibition of full-length receptor with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity signaling. Instead, binding of BDNF to trkB-t activates a signaling pathway (involving a G-protein and protein kinase C) that induced NSC to become glial progenitors and astrocytes. Thus, the increased expression of trkB-t in the embryonic cerebral cortex that occurs coincident with astrocyte production plays a pivotal role in the developmental transition from neurogenesis to gliogenesis. Our findings suggest a mechanism by which a single factor (BDNF) regulates the production of the two major cell types in the mammalian cerebral cortex.
Emotion-Induced Retrograde Amnesia Is Determined by a 5-HTT Genetic Polymorphism (2008)

A polymorphism in the human serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene is implicated in susceptibility to anxiety and depression and in enhanced emotion-induced activation in the amygdala. A role for 5-HTT polymorphism in the emotional modulation of human episodic memory has yet to be demonstrated. Here, we demonstrate that whereas emotional memory for aversive events per se is not influenced by 5-HTT polymorphism, an emotion-induced retrograde amnesia is expressed solely in the presence of the short allele. The findings indicate a critical role for the serotonin system in emotion-mediated memory disruption.
Immune signaling and regulation in esophageal cancer (2014)

The following, from the 12th OESO World Conference: Cancers of the Esophagus, includes commentaries on signaling pathways that can be targeted with immunotherapy; the role of micro-RNAs in the immune response to esophageal cancer; and the association between obesity, the immune system, and esophageal adenocarcinoma.
The purification and properties of myo-inositol monophosphatase from bovine brain (1988)

1. An inositol monophosphatase was purified to homogeneity from bovine brain. 2. The enzyme is a dimer of subunit Mr 29,000. 3. The enzyme hydrolyses both enantiomers of myo-inositol 1-phosphate and both enantiomers of myo-inositol 4-phosphate, but has no activity towards inositol bisphosphates, inositol trisphosphates or inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate. 4. Several non-inositol-containing monophosphates are also substrates. 5. The enzyme requires Mg2+ for activity, and Zn2+ supports activity to a small extent. 6. Other bivalent cations (including Zn2+) are inhibitors, competitive with Mg2+. 7. Phosphate, but not inositol, is an inhibitor competitive with substrate. 8. Li+ inhibits hydrolysis of inositol 1-phosphate and inositol 4-phosphate uncompetitively with different apparent Ki values (1.0 mM and 0.26 mM respectively).
Early-life stress influences acute and sensitized responses of adult mice to cocaine by interacting with GABAA α2 receptor expression (2019)

Early-life stress (ELS) is known to exert long-term effects on brain function, with resulting deleterious consequences for several aspects of mental health, including the development of addiction to drugs of abuse. One potential mechanism in humans is suggested by findings that ELS interacts with polymorphisms of the GABRA2 gene, encoding α2 subunits of GABAA receptors, to increase the risk for both post-traumatic stress disorder and vulnerability to cocaine addiction. We used a mouse model, in which the amount of material for nest building was reduced during early postnatal life, to study interactions between ELS and expression of α2-containing GABAA receptors in influencing cocaine-related behaviour. Breeding of parents heterozygous for a deletion of α2 resulted in litters containing homozygous knockout (α2), heterozygous knockout (α2) and wild-type (α2) offspring. Following the ELS procedure, the mice were allowed to develop to adulthood before being tested for the acute effect of cocaine on locomotor stimulation, behavioural sensitization to repeated cocaine and to cocaine-conditioned activity. Exposure to ELS resulted in increased acute locomotor stimulant effects of cocaine across all genotypes, with the most marked effects in α2 mice (which also showed increased activity following vehicle). Repeated cocaine administration to nonstressed mice resulted in sensitization in α2 and α2 mice, but, in keeping with previous findings, not in α2 mice. Previous exposure to ELS reduced sensitization in α2 mice, albeit not significantly, and abolished sensitization in α2 mice. Conditioned activity was elevated following ELS in all animals, independently of genotype. Thus, while the enhanced acute effects of cocaine following ELS being most marked in α2 mice suggests a function of α2-containing GABAA receptors in protecting against stress, the interaction between ELS and genotype in influencing sensitization may be more in keeping with ELS reducing expression of α2-containing GABAA receptors. The ability of ELS to increase cocaine-conditioned locomotor activity appears to be independent of α2-containing GABAA receptors.
The emerging intelligent optical network: now a reality (2002)

The nationwide AT&T Intelligent Optical Network is being deployed with the new intelligent network elements to create a network with reduced capital cost, simplified operations, improved performance and reliability, with the ability to quickly support new services. The mesh architecture and the new control plane are keys to making this network a reality.
Physiological modelling of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in COPD (2012)

We present the results of a dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE-) MRI study in subjects with COPD and age-matched healthy subjects. The pharmacokinetic model applied allows for extravasation of the contrast agent and can therefore be used to probe pulmonary capillary permeability. Significant differences were not observed between healthy and moderate COPD groups in any of the DCE-MRI parameters. Significantly lower v p and K trans were observed in severe COPD compared with healthy and in v p compared with moderate COPD (Fig. 1). v e (extra-vascular/extra-cellular space) can be related to inflammation and shows an non-significant increase in moderate COPD. K trans is related to perfusion and/or capillary permeability and decreases significantly in severe COPD. v p (vascular space) also decreases with disease severity and, when considered in combination with decreased K trans , is suggestive of reduced perfusion in the region analysed. This sensitivity to disease severity shows DCE-MRI may provide a novel window on the progression of COPD.
Rupture of the Uterus, and Subsequent Recovery of the Patient (1823)

The wine used upon this occasion was Sherry, and the quan- tity exhibited for mnany days was a wine glass full every three or four houirs.
Regeneration of annulus fibrosus tissue using a DAFM/PECUU-blended electrospun scaffold (2020)

Low back pain and disc degeneration affect quality of life and imposes an enormous financial burden. Although annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue engineering provides an alternative therapeutic possibility in the treatment of degenerative intervertebral disc disease, it is restricted by the biochemical properties, organizational structure, and mechanical characteristics of the scaffold. The ideal scaffold should closely mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) in structure and function for long-term stability and survival. Poly(ether carbonate urethane) urea (PECUU) can be electrospun into nanofibrous scaffolds to mimic ECM architecture with the appropriate mechanical properties. However, PECUU scaffolds lack the bioactivity of natural ECM. On the other hand, a decellularized annulus fibrosus matrix (DAFM) has good biocompatibility and biodegradability and has been shown to promote secretion of AF-related ECM. Herein, DAFM/PECUU-blended electrospun scaffolds were fabricated with the help of coaxial electrospinning technology for the first time. AF-derived stem cells were cultured on DAFM/PECUU electrospun scaffolds, and cellular metabolic activity, morphology, and gene expression assays as well as AF-related ECM synthesis were performed. The results showed that AF-derived stem cells proliferated well on the scaffolds. Gene expression and ECM secretion of collagen type I and II and aggrecan from AF-derived stem cells cultured on DAFM/PECUU electrospun scaffolds were higher than from those on PECUU fibrous scaffolds. Thus, DAFM/PECUU electrospun scaffolds are a potential candidate for AF tissue engineering applications.
Low platinum loading, lightweight PEM fuel cells (1999)

A significant improvement in hydrogen-air proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance has been achieved by the use of a pore-forming additive in the air electrode's active layer. The fuel cell was operated without significant loss of performance at atmospheric pressure and without humidification, through changes in the structure of the air electrode's substrate layer.
Highly Chemoselective Pd−C Catalytic Hydrodechlorination Leading to the Highly Efficient N-Debenzylation of Benzylamines (2009)

In the presence of 1,1,2-trichloroethane, a novel procedure for the Pd-C catalytic N-debenzylation of benzylamines was established. The method proceeded in a synergistic catalytic system and directly gave the products as crystal amine hydrochlorides in practically quantitative yields.
New Anthocyanins from Purple Pods of Pea (Pisumspp.) (2000)

Two new anthocyanins were isolated from purple pods of pea (Pisum spp.). Their structures were identified as delphinidin 3-xylosylgalactoside-5-acetylglucoside and its deacetylated derivative by the usual chemical degradation methods and by spectroscopic methods such as UV-VIS, MS and NMR. Both pigments showed moderate stability and antioxidative activity in a neutral aqueous solution.
Identification of UDP Glycosyltransferase 3A1 as a UDP N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase (2008)

The UDP glycosyltransferases (UGT) attach sugar residues to small lipophilic chemicals to alter their biological properties and enhance elimination. Of the four families present in mammals, two families, UGT1 and UGT2, use UDP glucuronic acid to glucuronidate bilirubin, steroids, bile acids, drugs, and many other endogenous chemicals and xenobiotics. UGT8, in contrast, uses UDP galactose to galactosidate ceramide, an important step in the synthesis of glycosphingolipids and cerebrosides. The function of the fourth family, UGT3, is unknown. Here we report the cloning, expression, and functional characterization of UGT3A1. This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from UDP N-acetylglucosamine to ursodeoxycholic acid (3alpha, 7beta-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoic acid). The enzyme uses ursodeoxycholic acid and UDP N-acetylglucosamine in preference to other primary and secondary bile acids, and other UDP sugars such as UDP glucose, UDP glucuronic acid, UDP galactose, and UDP xylose. In addition to ursodeoxycholic acid, UGT3A1 has activity toward 17alpha-estradiol, 17beta-estradiol, and the prototypic substrates of the UGT1 and UGT2 forms, 4-nitrophenol and 1-naphthol. A polymorphic UGT3A1 variant containing a C121G substitution was catalytically inactive. UGT3A1 is found in the liver and kidney, and to a lesser, in the gastrointestinal tract. These data describe the first characterization of a member of the UGT3 family. Its activity and distribution suggest that UGT3A1 may have an important role in the metabolism and elimination of ursodeoxycholic acid in therapies for ameliorating the symptoms of cholestasis or for dissolving gallstones.
Mechanism of the water-mediated reduction of tris(2,2'-bipyridine-N,N')iron(III), -ruthenium(III), and -osmium(III) complexes (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of the water-mediated reduction of tris(2,2'-bipyridine-N,N')iron(III), -ruthenium(III), and -osmium(III) complexesPeter A. Lay and Wolfgang H. F. SasseCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 26, 4707–4710Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00220a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00220a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views252Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of cellular localization of SART3 tumor antigen by a newly established monoclonal antibody: Heterotopic expression of SART3 on the surface of B-lineage leukemic cells (2004)

SART3 has been identified as a tumor antigen recognized by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Subcellular localization of SART3 is still controversial, although it has been studied extensively. In this study, we established an anti-SART3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to analyze the subcellular localization of SART3 in tumor specimens. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that SART3 was preferentially expressed in the nucleus of cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that SART3 was not expressed on the cell surface of tumor cells, except for B-lineage cells. SART3 was detected on the cell surface of several B-lineage leukemic cells with different maturation stages, but not on normal peripheral blood B cells. These results suggest that heterotopically expressed SART3 is a tumor-associated antigen rather than a differentiation antigen on B-lineage cells.
Enhanced resolution beyond the Abbe diffraction limit with wavelength-scale solid immersion lenses (2010)

The solid immersion lens (SIL) is a well-developed near-field optical device for imaging and data storage. Recent experiments have demonstrated high-quality imaging beyond the diffraction limit by nanoscale lenses in an SIL-type implementation [Nature 460, 498 (2009)]; we call these nSIL. A question arises as to what resolution is obtainable with an nSIL. From full three-dimensional, finite-difference time-domain calculations, we demonstrate that the FWHM of the focal spot of an objective-lens-nSIL system can be reduced by greater than 25% compared to a regular macroscopic SIL.
3D LIDAR Human Skeleton Estimation for Long Range Identification (2021)

This research project is the continuation of an effort by the Vision Lab to understand human gait and motion using special-purpose imaging sensors and novel computer vision algorithms. The project began using a Motion Capture (MoCap) system which measures 3D human skeleton information in real-time by attaching markers to a human subject and viewing the human motion with a set of cameras at different angles. We developed an algorithm to determine the gender of a subject wearing these sensors. The current phase of this project extends this work using a state-of-the-art flash Lidar sensor. This sensor scans the surface of objects and gives a 3D depth map of the object in real-time. We developed a computer vision system that can estimate a human skeleton from Lidar data, which resembles the MoCap data format. Using these computed 3D skeletons we can perform human identification. The poster outlines the current Lidar-based algorithm using a flow chart to explain the input and output for each component of the system and how each data modality is used to build the final skeleton. The poster compares performance for our human identification with other methods for human- identification using 3D sensors. Finally, future work using infrared sensing is discussed.
Femoral Shape Analysis by Bi-plane X-ray Photogrammetry : Graphic Display and Calculation of Anteversion Angle and Neck-shaft Angle (1986)

For the osteotomy on hip joint diseases caused by abnormality of the shape of bones, an accurate 3-dimensional femoral shape must be recognized before operation. It was been reported by the present authors that spinal shape is sufficiently analyzed by a developed system based on bi-plane photogrammetry. This paper describe an application of the system to the femoral shape analysis. The shaft axis, the neck axis, the head center of femur and the radius of the head are reconstructed 3-dimensionally using the vector anlysis of plane and line, and the least square approximation method. The obtained axes and head are graphically displayed on the screen of a personal computer through the perspective transformation. The shape parameters usually used in clinic, such as the anteversion angle and the neck-shaft angle, are also calculated by the present method. Result obtained by this system is compared with that by photographical measurement of exposed femurs, then the present method is reduced to have higher accuracy than Kai's method currently used.
The resilience of PV during natural disasters: The hurricane Sandy case (2013)

This paper will present data on the resilience of typical PV systems following natural disasters, and provide recommendations for integrating PV into emergency response systems. Information from multiple sources shows that during the October 29, 2012 hurricane Sandy, virtually all PV systems received no damage by the storm and, if not disconnected, they produced electricity following the storm. The same was observed in previous disasters. In the aftermath of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, PV systems were used to support the Gulf States' disaster response efforts. The Fukushima earthquake and tsunami destroyed three nuclear reactors causing “meltdown” and radiation releases, whereas the many thousands of PV roof-top arrays were left undamaged. These experiences show that PV systems, in addition to being environmentally benign, can also sustain extreme weather conditions like hurricanes, earthquakes and tsunamis.
A population pharmacokinetic model of cabozantinib in healthy volunteers and patients with various cancer types (2018)

This popPK analysis showed cabozantinib CL/F values to be higher for patients with MTC and may account for the higher dosage required in this patient population (140-mg) to achieve plasma exposures comparable to those in patients with RCC and other tumor types administered a 60-mg cabozantinib tablet dose. Possible factors that may underlie the higher cabozantinib clearance observed in MTC patients are discussed.
Fuzzy logic approach for computing the probability of target detection in cluttered scenes (1996)

A tremendous number of fuzzy system-based applications are currently available. A new application of fuzzy systems theory is presented to compute the probability of target detection in cluttered in- frared images. Both the Mamdani and Assilian and Sugeno's fuzzy- based models have been investigated. A data set for one vehicle has been used to model the relationships between three input parameters, the Der clutter metric, the probability of edge (POE) metric, the Schmieder variance-based clutter metric, and the experimental probabil- ity of detection value. Both fuzzy models have given excellent predictive probability of detection values that are highly correlated to the observed probability of detection values. The preliminary results obtained suggest the adequacy of fuzzy-based modeling techniques to model the percep- tion of targets in infrared and visual scenes. © 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
Measurements of the low-temperature heat capacity of YBa2Cu3O7-yin magnetic fields up to 4.5 T (1988)

The heat capacity of several sintered specimens of YBa2Cu3O7-y, the high-temperature superconductor, has been measured from 1.5 to 10 K in magnetic fields up to 4.5 T. Part of the low-temperature anomaly in the heat capacity is ascribed to very small concentrations of localised Cu++ spins. There is a dependence of heat capacity on field which is consistent with a contribution from the electrons in flux-line cores but other features of the results are not yet understood.
Supplementary Figures 1-4 from Knockdown of Oncogenic KRAS in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers Suppresses Tumor Growth and Sensitizes Tumor Cells to Targeted Therapy (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-4 from Knockdown of Oncogenic KRAS in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers Suppresses Tumor Growth and Sensitizes Tumor Cells to Targeted Therapy
Scalable parallel wavelet transforms for image processing (2003)

Algorithms for 2D wavelet transform decomposition on clusters of workstations are described and analyzed. For the parallel algorithm employed, the computation of the transform is structured so that the exchange of intermediate transform coefficients is restricted only to neighboring processors and the amount of data communicated is independent of the problem size. Results show that the performance of the parallel implementation improves with increasing data size making the parallel algorithm particularly suitable for applications such as image processing, image coding and computer vision. Timings measured on a Myrinet connected Beowulf cluster agree well with the theoretical analysis and indicate that the implementation is cost optimal.
Range estimation scheme for integrated I2V-VLC using a high-speed image sensor (2016)

High-speed image sensors, designed for machine vision and control, provide the “eyes” for autonomous and connected vehicle. A noteworthy feature of high-speed image sensors is their ability to be used as a reception device for visible light communication (VLC) signals. Due to the massive number of pixels available and the ability to spatially separate sources, a signal-receiving pixel in the image sensor plane represents the actual position of the transmitter. The VLC signal can be represented not only by a VLC time domain signal but also by the position of the transmitter. In this paper, we propose a robust range estimation scheme that integrates with a VLC function for infrastructure-to-vehicle visible light communication (I2V-VLC). The scheme is composed of an LED array transmitter and a high-speed image sensor receiver. It measures a range by taking phase-only correlation (POC) and avoids vehicle vibration from road irregularity. Field trials confirm an accuracy range of 0.3 m, even on rough road conditions, with the measurement time of 2 ms, which is much faster than that of light detection and ranging (LIDAR).