gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Dynamic Resource Allocation for Network Slicing Based on Actor-Critic Algorithm (2022)

Network slicing has been widely acknowledged as a promising architectural technology to meet the different service requirements of diversified applications for future mobile networks. Since there are significant dynamics in traffic and resource availability, resource isolation must be realized through agile re-provisioning of slices, to guarantee the Quality of Service (QoS) of individual network slices. We thus need to dynamically adjust the amount of resources allocated to different data flows carried in a slice. In this paper, we investigate the dynamic resource allocation mechanism in a slice with the aim of improving the user's service quality. We first model the dynamic resources allocation problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP), and employ Actor-Critic (AC) algorithm, a specific reinforcement learning algorithm, to pursue the long-term optimal resources allocation. We conduct simulations to evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm and the numerical results demonstrate its effectiveness.
A novel block-based steganographic method (2013)

Considering into account the most important requirement of steganography, i.e. producing the minimal distortion, the proposed method changes the arrangement of the pixels of the cover image and finds a route such that the maximal similarity between the LSB of the pixels along this route and the secret data is obtained. In the introduced image steganographic method, a sequence of random numbers is first generated by a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) with an arbitrary seed. Then the cover image is divided into some blocks with variable sizes using this sequence. Traversing the blocks in a raster scan manner, a route is created and the secret data is embedded into the LSB of the pixels along this route using syndrome-trellis codes. Among the routes created by repeating this process with different seeds, the best route which produces minimal distortion is chosen for data embedding. The experimental results evaluated on 2000 natural images show that our proposed method significantly decreases the image distortion and thus it can enhance the security against steganalysis.
A biocompatible cerasome based platform for direct electrochemistry of cholesterol oxidase and cholesterol sensing (2016)

An electrochemical platform composed of a biocompatible cerasome and cholesterol oxidase for cholesterol sensing.
Up in the Air: GTE's Experience in the MTA Auction for Personal Communication Services Licenses (2017)

In a series of auctions starting in 1994, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) sold the rights to provide personal communications services (PCS) using the electromagnetic spectrum. The rights are defined by both wavelength and geographic coverage. The largest of these auctions, for ninety-nine 30-MHz licenses in 51 major trading areas (MTAs) in the United States and its territories (two per MTA, except one each in New York, Los Angeles, and Washington, DC) began on December 5, 1994. Thirty bidders registered and qualified for the auction and spent over $7 billion acquiring licenses. This report describes how our team (for GTE) answered the following question: Given the information we had about GTE's valuations, budgets and objectives, the valuations, budgets and objectives of rival bidders, and the rules, how should we bid to achieve the best attainable outcome?
A Decade Later (2012)

It has been over a decade since the first draft of the human genome was published. At that time, the expectations regarding short and long-term impacts were high. In line with all new revolutionary undertakings, one needs to wonder whether projected outcomes were overly ambitious. As Francis Collins, director of the National Institutes of Health, astutely pointed out genomics has obeyed the Law of Technology that is expectations for dramatic results overnight proved to be unrealistic because short-term affects are historically overestimated, while long-term ones are underestimated. It would serve us well to first look at promises made back then regarding expected deliverables from genome sciences: 1) Gene therapy will materialize; 2) Personalized medicine will revolutionize treatment of human diseases by offering safer alternatives; 3) Pharmaceutical business models will need to adjust and reform.
Abstract P104: Impact Of Orthostatic Hypotension In Inpatient Rehabilitation (2020)

Inpatient rehabilitation is crucial in the management of patients after injuries, surgery, or those with debilitating or neurological conditions. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is commonly associated with these conditions, and therefore, the inability to stand and participate in rehabilitation therapy can negatively impact their recovery. To test this hypothesis, we study a cohort of 8352 patients who underwent rehabilitation at Vanderbilt Stallworth Rehabilitation Hospital between 2014-2019 to assess the prevalence of OH and its impact on the length of stay (LOS), functional independence measure (FIM) change (discharge FIM-admission FIM), and FIM efficiency (FIM change/LOS), compared to patients without OH admitted during the same period. We found that the prevalence of OH was 3.8% (n = 314; 60±18 yrs; 227 men). OH was commonly associated with patients admitted for neurological conditions (29%, n = 91), spinal cord dysfunction (22%, n = 71), orthopedic disorders (13%, n = 13), and stroke (10%, n = 33). On admission, patients with OH had a longer predicted LOS compared to those without OH (18±6 vs. 16±5 days, respectively, p = 0.001), reflecting greater medical complexity. Moreover, the actual LOS at discharge was significantly longer in OH patients compared to those without OH (19±12 vs. 13±9 days; p = 0.001) as was the difference between actual-predicted LOC (1±11 vs. 2±8; p = 0.001). The change in FIM was similar in both patients with and without OH (30±26 vs. 33±20, respectively; p = 0.52) but FIM efficiency was lower in OH patients (2±2.2 vs. 3±2.2 without OH; p = 0.001). OH prolonged LOS regardless of the admission diagnosis (stroke, other neurological conditions, spinal cord dysfunction and orthopedic disorders). In conclusion, OH is present in a significant proportion of patients undergoing acute rehabilitation and adversely impacts the recovery of these patients as measured by lower FIM efficacy and a prolonged rehabilitation period to achieve the same functional gain as patients without OH.
Impact of frequency offsets and IQ imbalance on MC-CDMA reception based on channel tracking (2006)

New air interfaces are currently being developed to meet the high spectral efficiency requirements of the emerging wireless communication systems. Multicarrier code-division multiple access (MC-CDMA) is seen as a promising candidate for the fourth-generation (4G) cellular communication systems because it can interestingly deal with the multipath propagation at a low processing complexity. Besides spectral efficiency and power consumption, the production cost of the transceiver should also be optimized. Direct conversion radio frequency (RF) receivers are appealing because they avoid costly intermediate frequency (IF) filters. However, they imply RF IQ separation, introducing a phase and amplitude mismatch between the I and Q branches. A communication system based on MC-CDMA is sensitive to synchronization errors and front-end non-idealities because it uses a long symbol duration. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the carrier frequency offset, the sampling clock offset, and the IQ imbalance on the MC-CDMA downlink system performance, considering a receiver based on channel tracking designed to cope with high mobility conditions. It is demonstrated that part of the effects is compensated by the channel estimation and an expression of the variance of the remaining symbol estimation error is provided. For the cellular system and the target performance considered in this paper, specifications are defined on the non-idealities. The results are validated with bit-error rate simulations
Infection dynamics of porcine circovirus type 3 in longitudinally sampled pigs from four Spanish farms (2019)

Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV-3) is a recently discovered virus in domestic pigs and wild boar. The virus has been described in pigs with different clinical/pathological presentations and healthy animals, but the dynamics of infection is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to longitudinally monitor PCV-3 infection in 152 pigs from four different healthy farms (A, B, C and D) by means of PCR in serum. The selected animals were sampled five (farm A) or six (farms B-D) times from weaning until the end of the fattening period. PCV-3 genome was found in pigs from all tested ages and farms; few animals had an apparent long-term infection (4-23 weeks). PCV-3 frequency of detection remained fairly uniform along tested ages within farms A and C, but was more variable among sampling times in farms B and D. Eight partial genome sequences were obtained from six different animals. Phylogenetic tree and pairwise distance analysis showed high similarity among sequences and with available genomes from different countries. This is the first study on PCV-3 infection dynamics in longitudinally sampled pigs. Most pigs got infection during their life, although PCV-3 did not appear to be linked with any specific age.
Analysis of Diffusion Limitation in the Alkylation of Benzene over H-ZSM-5 by Combining Quantum Chemical Calculations, Molecular Simulations, and a Continuum Approach (2008)

A continuum model based on the Maxwell−Stefan (M-S) equations in combination with the ideal adsorbed solution theory has been used to analyze the influence of adsorption thermodynamics and intraparticle diffusional transport on the overall kinetics of benzene alkylation with ethene over H-ZSM-5. The parameters appearing in the M-S equations were obtained from molecular dynamics simulations, and pure component adsorption isotherms were obtained from configurational-bias Monte Carlo simulations in the grand canonical ensemble. Rate coefficients for the elementary steps of the alkylation were taken from quantum chemical calculations. The intrinsic kinetics of two different reaction schemes were analyzed. The simulations show that all apparent rate parameters of the alkylation are strongly dependent on the reaction conditions. By taking diffusional limitation into account, experimentally determined reaction rates and the orders in the partial pressures of reactants can be reproduced. The results of this study show that empirical power law rate expressions become inappropriate when used to correlate kinetic data over a broad range of conditions. In addition, it is demonstrated that the usual approaches to determine effectiveness factors for reactions in porous media, which assume a constant effective diffusivity, may lead to substantial deviations from rigorous simulations, whereas the simulation model developed here can be used to predict the effectiveness factor for zeolite particles for any set of reaction conditions.
B cells enhance early innate immune responses during bacterial sepsis (2011)

Microbes activate pattern recognition receptors to initiate adaptive immunity. T cells affect early innate inflammatory responses to viral infection, but both activation and suppression have been demonstrated. We identify a novel role for B cells in the early innate immune response during bacterial sepsis. We demonstrate that Rag1(-/-) mice display deficient early inflammatory responses and reduced survival during sepsis. Interestingly, B cell-deficient or anti-CD20 B cell-depleted mice, but not α/β T cell-deficient mice, display decreased inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production and reduced survival after sepsis. Both treatment of B cell-deficient mice with serum from wild-type (WT) mice and repletion of Rag1(-/-) mice with B cells improves sepsis survival, suggesting antibody-independent and antibody-dependent roles for B cells in the outcome to sepsis. During sepsis, marginal zone and follicular B cells are activated through type I interferon (IFN-I) receptor (IFN-α/β receptor [IFNAR]), and repleting Rag1(-/-) mice with WT, but not IFNAR(-/-), B cells improves IFN-I-dependent and -independent early cytokine responses. Repleting B cell-deficient mice with the IFN-I-dependent chemokine, CXCL10 was also sufficient to improve sepsis survival. This study identifies a novel role for IFN-I-activated B cells in protective early innate immune responses during bacterial sepsis.
The Researcher Incubator: Fast-Tracking Undergraduate Engineering Students into Research via Just-in-Time Learning (2021)

An "incubator" in the research context is a place where the formation and development of new skills and ideas is encouraged, while the resulting new discoveries are spun out for further external development. To meet the need for trained researchers in the new Mechanical and Energy Engineering (MEE) Department at the University of North Texas (UNT), the faculty and undergraduates collaborated to develop a "Researcher Incubator" to integrate research experiences into the undergraduate engineering curriculum. This group's missions are 1) to train UNT engineering undergraduates in the essentials of engineering research, 2) offer a pragmatic educational experience reflective of the skills necessary for engineers in the 21 st century, and 3) fast-track undergraduates into successful research experiences much earlier than would be possible within conventional engineering programs.
Preliminary constitutive properties for salt and nonsalt rocks from four potential repository sites (1983)

Results are presented from laboratory strength and creep tests performed on salt and nonsalt specimens from the Richton Dome in Mississippi, the Vacherie Dome in Louisiana, the Permian Basin in Texas, and the Paradox Basin in Utah. The constititive properties obtained for salt are the elastic moduli and the failure envelope at 24/sup 0/C and parameter values for the exponential-time creep law. Some additional data are presented to indicate how the elastic moduli and strength change with temperature. The nonsalt constitutive properties reported are the elastic moduli, the unconfined compressive strength and the tensile strength at 24/sup 0/C. The properties given in this report will be used in subsequent numerical simulations that will provide information to assist in the screening and selection of site locations for a nuclear waste repository and to assist in the repository design at the selected site. The matrix of tests performed is the minimum effort required to obtain these constitutive properties. The preliminary values obtained will be supplemented by additional testing for sites that are selected for further investigation.
T-2 Toxin-3α-glucoside in Broiler Chickens: Toxicokinetics, Absolute Oral Bioavailability, and in Vivo Hydrolysis (2017)

Due to the lack of information on bioavailability and toxicity of modified mycotoxins, current risk assessment on these modified forms assumes an identical toxicity of the modified form to their respective unmodified counterparts. Crossover animal trials were performed with intravenous and oral administration of T-2 toxin (T-2) and T-2 toxin-3α-glucoside (T2-G) to broiler chickens. Plasma concentrations of T2-G, T-2, and main phase I metabolites were quantified using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method with a limit of quantitation for all compounds of 0.1 ng/mL. Resulting plasma concentration-time profiles were processed via two-compartmental toxicokinetic models. No T-2 triol and only traces of HT-2 were detected in the plasma samples after both intravenous and oral administration. The results indicate that T-2 has a low absolute oral bioavailability of 2.17 ± 1.80%. For T2-G, an absorbed fraction of the dose and absolute oral bioavailability of 10.4 ± 8.7% and 10.1 ± 8.5% were observed, respectively. This slight difference is caused by a minimal (and neglectable) presystemic hydrolysis of T2-G to T-2, that is, 3.49 ± 1.19%. Although low, the absorbed fraction of T2-G is 5 times higher than that of T-2. These differences in toxicokinetics parameters between T-2 and T2-G clearly indicate the flaw in assuming equal bioavailability and/or toxicity of modified and free mycotoxins in current risk assessments.
Nanotoxicological studies in the Air-Liquid Interface using engineered metal NPs – Protein corona, gene analysis and dose response (2013)

1 Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Lund, SE 221 00, Sweden 2 Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, SE 221 00, Sweden 3 Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, Lund, SE 221 00, Sweden 4 Divison of Solid State Physics, Lund University, Lund, SE 221 00, Sweden
AZD4625 is a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of KRASG12C (2022)

AZD4625 is a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of oncogenic KRASG12C as demonstrated in cellular assays and in vivo in preclinical cell line-derived and patient-derived xenograft models. In vitro and cellular assays have shown selective binding and inhibition of the KRASG12C mutant isoform, which carries a glycine to cysteine mutation at residue 12, with no binding and inhibition of wild-type RAS or isoforms carrying non-KRASG12C mutations. The pharmacology of AZD4625 shows that it has the potential to provide therapeutic benefit to patients with KRASG12C mutant cancer as either a monotherapy treatment or in combination with other targeted drug agents.
Biocidal Efficacy of Copper Alloys against Pathogenic Enterococci Involves Degradation of Genomic and Plasmid DNAs (2010)

The increasing incidence of nosocomial infections caused by glycopeptide-resistant enterococci is a global concern. Enterococcal species are also difficult to eradicate with existing cleaning regimens; they can survive for long periods on surfaces, thus contributing to cases of reinfection and spread of antibiotic-resistant strains. We have investigated the potential use of copper alloys as bactericidal surfaces. Clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium were inoculated onto copper alloy and stainless steel surfaces. Samples were assessed for the presence of viable cells by conventional culture, detection of actively respiring cells, and assessment of cell membrane integrity. Both species survived for up to several weeks on stainless steel. However, no viable cells were detected on any alloys following exposure for 1 h at an inoculum concentration of <or=10(4) CFU/cm(2). Analysis of genomic and plasmid DNA from bacterial cells recovered from metal surfaces indicates substantial disintegration of the DNA following exposure to copper surfaces that is not evident in cells recovered from stainless steel. The DNA fragmentation is so extensive, and coupled with the rapid cell death which occurs on copper surfaces, that it suggests that mutation is less likely to occur. It is therefore highly unlikely that genetic information can be transferred to receptive organisms recontaminating the same area. A combination of effective cleaning regimens and contact surfaces containing copper could be useful not only to prevent the spread of viable pathogenic enterococci but also to mitigate against the occurrence of potential resistance to copper, biocides, or antibiotics and the spread of genetic determinants of resistance to other species.
Untrapping Kinetically Trapped Ions: The Role of Water Vapor and Ion-Source Activation Conditions on the Gas-Phase Protomer Ratio of Benzocaine Revealed by Ion-Mobility Mass Spectrometry (2017)

The role of water vapor in transforming the thermodynamically preferred species of protonated benzocaine to the less favored protomer was investigated using helium-plasma ionization (HePI) in conjunction with ion-mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS). The IM arrival-time distribution (ATD) recorded from a neat benzocaine sample desorbed to the gas phase by a stream of dry nitrogen and ionized by HePI showed essentially one peak for the O-protonated species. However, when water vapor was introduced to the enclosed ion source, within a span of about 150 ms the ATD profile changed completely to one dominated by the N-protonated species. Under spray-based ionization conditions, the nature and composition of the solvents have been postulated to play a decisive role in defining the manifested protomer ratios. In reality, the solvent vapors present in the ion source (particularly the ambient humidity) indirectly dictate the gas-phase ratio of the protomers. Evidently, the gas-phase protomer ratio established at the confinement of the ions is readjusted by the ion-activation that takes place during the transmission of ions to the vacuum. Although it has been repeatedly stated that ions can retain a "memory" of their solution structures because they can be kinetically trapped, and thereby represent their solution-based stabilities, we show that the initial airborne ions can undergo significant transformations in the transit through the intermediate vacuum zones between the ion source and the mass detector. In this context, we demonstrate that the kinetically trapped N-protomer of benzocaine can be untrapped by reducing the humidity of the enclosed ion source. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
A VALUABLE MANIPULATION FOR THE RELIEF OF CONSTIPATION (1924)

About fifteen years ago, in a German publication called "Excerpta Medica," a suggestion was made for the relief of a certain form of constipation which has proved of the utmost value in my experience and practice. Although, at the age of 65, I have been so fortunate as to have required a cathartic but twice in my life, evacuation is not always easy because of the condition of the fecal mass; and the long continued straining thus required in past years has not only been very annoying, but has also resulted in several attacks of hemorrhoids. Since the adoption of the manipulation described, such attacks have never recurred. The procedure is applicable only to the evacuation of a fecal mass in the lower rectum, close to the anal sphincter, but hard to move because of its size, or density, or both. It consists in a remolding of the mass by
Development of Ceramic Turbocharger Rotors for High Temperature Use (1991)

A ceramic turbocharger rotor (CTR) for high temperature use has been developed. The features of this rotor are the use of silicon nitride which maintains high mechanical strength up to 1,200 °C and a new joining technique between the ceramic rotor and its metal shaft. The CTR is expected to cope with stoichiometrical mixture burning engines which produce a higher exhaust gas temperature for fuel economy, and the impact resistance of the rotor against foreign object damage (FOD) has been markedly increased, over that of earlier rotors, resulting in higher reliability. This paper describes the development of ceramic turbocharger rotors for high temperature use focusing on the mechanical strength of silicon nitride and the joining of the ceramic rotor and its metal shaft.