gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Activation of the Janus Kinase/STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) Signal Transduction Pathway by Interleukin-6-Type Cytokines Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation* (1997)

We have previously established that stromal/osteoblastic cells collectively express receptors for all members of the cytokine subfamily that share the gp130 signal transducer and that different receptor repertoires may be expressed at different stages of differentiation of this lineage. We have now used human (MG-63) and murine (MC3T3-E1) osteoblastic cell lines as well as primary murine calvaria cells to test the hypothesis that these receptors mediate effects of the cytokines on the biology of osteoblasts. We report that as in other cell types, all of the osteoblastic cell models responded to interleukin-6 (IL-6)-type cytokines with activation of both the JAK/STAT (Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. In addition, IL-6-type cytokines stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin expression and inhibited (MG-63), stimulated (MC3T3-E1), or had no effect (calvaria cells) on the rate of cell proliferation. The ability of a given cell type to respond to a particular member of this family of cytokines was strictly dependent on the presence of the corresponding ligand-binding subunit (alpha) of the cytokine receptor, and the magnitude of all the effects was closely correlated with the concentration of this subunit. The relative contribution of the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways to the biological effects of the cytokines was evaluated using kinase inhibitors. Cytokine-mediated modulation of cell proliferation as well as stimulation of alkaline phosphatase activity were abrogated by tyrosine kinase inhibitors as well as a threonine/serine kinase inhibitor, but were only minimally affected by a specific inhibitor of MAPK phosphorylation. These results demonstrate that IL-6-type cytokines, besides their osteoclastogenic properties, promote differentiation of committed osteoblastic cells toward a more mature phenotype and that this action is mediated primarily via the activation of the JAK/STAT pathway.
<i>In-Situ</i> TEM Observation for Dehydrogenation Mechanism in MgH<sub>2</sub> with Catalyst (2010)

We carried out in-situ observation on the catalytic effect of Nb2O5 in MgH2 by using a high voltage transmission electron microscope (HVEM). We synthesized two kinds of samples, which were prepared by ball milling and by hand mixing. In milled sample, Nb2O5 was not confirmed from high resolution images, however, NbO was identified. As the temperature increased, the decomposition of MgH2 proceeded, while Mg formed and grew. It suggested that NbO had the catalytic effect to promote the dehydrogenation of MgH2. In mixed sample, which was prepared to clearly observe the boundary between the catalyst and Mg phase, it was revealed that the dehydrogenation started from the boundary of MgH2 and Nb2O5. This result suggested that the dehydrogenation could proceed with hydrogen diffusion from MgH2 through Mg phase to the boundary.
Metalloproteinases and cancer invasion. (1990)

The invasion and metastasis of cancer cells is a complex multistep process involving attachment of tumor cells to the basement membrane, proteolysis of the local connective tissue stroma, and migration through the proteolyzed stroma. Recent evidence implicates metalloproteinases such as type IV collagenase and transin/stromelysin in the proteolytic aspects of this process. Type IV collagenase activity is modulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2). Immunohistochemical and biochemical studies of several human tumors show correlations between invasive potential and type IV collagenase activity.
Recombinant expression of polymeric IgA: incorporation of J chain and secretory component of human origin (1999)

Mucosal J (joining) chain-expressing IgA immunocytes produce dimeric IgA that is actively transported by the epithelial polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR) to exocrine secretions. Release of secretory IgA (SIgA) occurs by cleavage of the covalently linked pIgR ectodomain, also known as bound secretory component. We have identified the human J-chain cDNA sequence through database screening, and isolated it from B cells for recombinant expression. Co-expression of this cDNA with an alpha heavy chain and a lambda light chain in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells resulted in a mixture of recombinant monomeric and dimeric IgA in culture supernatants. This dimeric IgA was transported by the pIgR-mediated mechanism in vitro. Furthermore, expression of the human pIgR ectodomain together with the dimeric IgA, resulted in production of complete SIgA by the CHO cells. These results demonstrated that co-expression of the necessary polypeptide components allows a single mammalian cell to produce SIgA. Development of production systems for human antigen-specific recombinant SIgA may be important for applications in passive mucosal vaccination.
Geographic distribution and genetic diversity of the Ehrlichia sp. from Panola Mountain in Amblyomma americanum (2008)

These data suggest that the Panola Mountain Ehrlichia was not recently introduced to the United States; this agent has an extensive distribution throughout the range of its tick vector, has been present in some locations for several years, and displays genetic variability. Furthermore, people in several states were exposed to this agent through the bite of infected ticks, underscoring the potential public health risk of this emerging ehrlichiosis.
Hepatozoon canis infection in two dogs (1995)

Infection of 60 to 90% of neutrophils with the protozoa, Hepatozoon canis, was detected in 2 dogs. Clinical signs included lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss. Both dogs had severe anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia as well as hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, and high activities of serum alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase. Both dogs were treated with imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline. One dog recovered clinically, with disappearance of parasites from WBC. The other dog died, despite treatment. Necropsy revealed widespread dispersion of schizonts in the parenchymal tissues, but no involvement of skeletal muscle tissues. The disease syndrome that has been identified in the Texas Gulf region is characterized by gait abnormalities associated with multifocal pyogranulomatous myositis, thus, it is distinct clinicopathologically from the syndrome observed in these 2 dogs.
A self clocked FPGA for general purpose logic emulation (2002)

This paper describes the architecture of an entirely self-clocked FPGA. Such an FPGA would avoid clock distribution problems, facilitate circuit composition and increase the amount of hardware concurrency, as well as reliably operate at its maximum speed without timing analysis. These unique advantages would be of great use in many functional simulation and logic emulation applications targeting larger designs requiring many FPGAs.
Automated Bucket Stabiliser for Hydraulic Mobile Machine (2005)

Automated Bucket Stabiliser for Hydraulic Mobile Machine Jarno R. A. Uusisalo, Jani M. Vilenius, Tomi R. Krogerus, Otso I. Karhu, Kalevi J. Huhtala Abstract: A small general-purpose teleoperated hydraulic mobile machine is studied at the Institute of Hydraulics and Automation at the Tampere University of Technology. The boom and the bucket of the machine are normally controlled with a joystick. Horizontal movement of the joystick controls the bucket and vertical movement controls the boom. An angle of the bucket, compared to the horizontal level changes while the boom is moved up and down, unless the change of a boom angle is compensated by controlling the bucket manually at the same time. However, compensation is difficult during the driving. This paper describes a bucket stabilizer system which compensates the change of the boom angle automatically and makes so controlling of the machine easier for an operator. A mechanical structure of the machine causes some limitations for the bucket stabilizer system. For instance, the angle of the bucket can not be maintained while the boom is moved if the bucket is already in the extreme position. These special situations are considered and error conditions are prevented. The angle of the boom and the bucket compared to the horizontal level are measured with help of accelerometer sensors. The calculation operations are distributed. On this account, the system is independent from existing control electronics of the machine. Communication between the control electronics of the machine and the bucket stabilizer system is carried out with CAN bus. The structure of the electronics of the system is introduced in this paper. Also the design and implementation of the control algorithm are introduced. The measured results of the automated bucket stabilizer system are shown. Simulated results are compared to measured values. User experiences are also enclosed. Keywords: CAN, hydraulic, proportional valve, stabilizer DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2005/0034 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
Genomic sequencing of colorectal adenocarcinomas identifies a recurrent VTI1A-TCF7L2 fusion (2020)

Prior studies have identified recurrent oncogenic mutations in colorectal adenocarcinoma1 and have surveyed exons of protein-coding genes for mutations in 11 affected individuals2,3. Here we report whole-genome sequencing from nine individuals with colorectal cancer, including primary colorectal tumors and matched adjacent non-tumor tissues, at an average of 30.7× and 31.9× coverage, respectively. We identify an average of 75 somatic rearrangements per tumor, including complex networks of translocations between pairs of chromosomes. Eleven rearrangements encode predicted in-frame fusion proteins, including a fusion of VTI1A and TCF7L2 found in 3 out of 97 colorectal cancers. Although TCF7L2 encodes TCF4, which cooperates with β-catenin4 in colorectal carcinogenesis5,6, the fusion lacks the TCF4 β-catenin–binding domain. We found a colorectal carcinoma cell line harboring the fusion gene to be dependent on VTI1A-TCF7L2 for anchorage-independent growth using RNA interference-mediated knockdown. This study shows previously unidentified levels of genomic rearrangements in colorectal carcinoma that can lead to essential gene fusions and other oncogenic events.
Text Retrieval: A Theoretical Exploration (2001)

Abstract An analysis of text retrieval is advanced, which couples the comprehension principles of construction-integration (Kintsch, 1988, 1998) with the global-match assumptions of contemporary memory theory. The analysis had three components: First, following the tenets of construction-integration, comprehension yields a multilevel (surface, propositional, and situation model) long-term memory representation of the text. Second, the familiarity of a memory probe is influenced by the entire contents of the text memory. Third, familiarity values are converted to judgments about probes using signal detection analysis. The model was evaluated in a simulation study. Propositional analyses of 4 stories were performed, and 15 probe items were inspected across the stories. The simulation addressed 3 factors that influence text retrieval: delay, orienting task, and the probe-text relation (explicit, paraphrased, inference). The simulation captured a complex interaction among these variables previously revealed in empirical investigations. The extension of the analysis to other text retrieval variables is discussed.
Face to face (2011)

Although he relishes influencing healthcare strategies and policies at a regional and national level, Alan Jefferson says that his motivation has come from providing people with quality services rather than hankering after the top job. His work has taken him from helping the government establish a health watchdog to advising on social work issues for the British Institute of Learning Disabilities. He talks to Thelma Agnew
A generalization of the metric-based Iterative Closest Point technique for 3D scan matching (2010)

Scan matching techniques have been widely used to compute the displacement of robots. This estimate is part of many algorithms addressing navigation and mapping. This paper addresses the scan matching problem in three dimensional workspaces. We propose an generalization of the Metric based Iterative Closest Point (MbICP) to the 3D case. The main contribution is the development of all the mathematical tools required to formulate the ICP with this new metric, including the derivation of point to plane distances based on the new metric. We also provide experimental results to evaluate the algorithms and different combinations of ICP and MbICP to illustrate the advantages of the metric based approach.
Transforming growth factor-β signaling mediates hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial remodeling and inhibition of alveolar development in newborn mouse lung (2008)

Hypoxia causes abnormal neonatal pulmonary artery remodeling (PAR) and inhibition of alveolar development (IAD). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta is an important regulator of lung development and repair from injury. We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of TGF-beta signaling attenuates hypoxia-induced PAR and IAD. Mice with an inducible dominant-negative mutation of the TGF-beta type II receptor (DNTGFbetaRII) and nontransgenic wild-type (WT) mice were exposed to hypoxia (12% O(2)) or air from birth to 14 days of age. Expression of DNTGFbetaRII was induced by 20 microg/g ZnSO(4) given intraperitoneally daily from birth. PAR, IAD, cell proliferation, and expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins were assessed. In WT mice, hypoxia led to thicker, more muscularized resistance pulmonary arteries and impaired alveolarization, accompanied by increases in active TGF-beta and phosphorylated Smad2. Hypoxia-induced PAR and IAD were greatly attenuated in DNTGFbetaRII mice given ZnSO(4) compared with WT control mice and DNTGFbetaRII mice not given ZnSO(4). The stimulatory effects of hypoxic exposure on pulmonary arterial cell proliferation and lung ECM proteins were abrogated in DNTGFbetaRII mice given ZnSO(4). These data support the conclusion that TGF-beta plays an important role in hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular adaptation and IAD in the newborn animal model.
Broad Banded Acoustic Vector Sensors for Passive Monitoring of Aircraft (2010)

Within the JU Clean Sky Green Rotorcraft platform, the development of environmentally friendly flight paths is a major topic. The ultimate goal is to measure the noise contributions of several helicopters flying in dense traffic near a heliport at a certain listeners position. For that purpose, and other purposes, a new passive testing method is being developed based upon a pair of broad banded 3D acoustic vector sensors (AVS). It is envisaged that such a system can be used by law enforcement authorities and by airport communities to monitor the actual individual performance of helicopters and their pilots. After the invention of the Microflown sensor in 1994, acoustic particle velocity in air has become a measurable quantity next to sound pressure. Combining both sorts of transducers allows the realization of truly broad banded acoustic vector sensors, measuring both the scalar value and the vector value acoustic particle velocity in one measurement point. Vector based measurements are superior to source localization techniques based only on sound pressure (beam forming) techniques in terms of acoustic bandwidth and required channel and probe count. Also product features like minuscule size, low weight and quick set up are a great practical benefit. In this paper, the technology will be outlined and several concepts for far field sound source localization with acoustic vector sensors are shown. Furthermore, recent findings will be presented and an outlook will be given on future work.
A unique DNA entry gate serves for regulated loading of the eukaryotic replicative helicase MCM2–7 onto DNA (2014)

The regulated loading of the replicative helicase minichromosome maintenance proteins 2-7 (MCM2-7) onto replication origins is a prerequisite for replication fork establishment and genomic stability. Origin recognition complex (ORC), Cdc6, and Cdt1 assemble two MCM2-7 hexamers into one double hexamer around dsDNA. Although the MCM2-7 hexamer can adopt a ring shape with a gap between Mcm2 and Mcm5, it is unknown which Mcm interface functions as the DNA entry gate during regulated helicase loading. Here, we establish that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae MCM2-7 hexamer assumes a closed ring structure, suggesting that helicase loading requires active ring opening. Using a chemical biology approach, we show that ORC-Cdc6-Cdt1-dependent helicase loading occurs through a unique DNA entry gate comprised of the Mcm2 and Mcm5 subunits. Controlled inhibition of DNA insertion triggers ATPase-driven complex disassembly in vitro, while in vivo analysis establishes that Mcm2/Mcm5 gate opening is essential for both helicase loading onto chromatin and cell cycle progression. Importantly, we demonstrate that the MCM2-7 helicase becomes loaded onto DNA as a single hexamer during ORC/Cdc6/Cdt1/MCM2-7 complex formation prior to MCM2-7 double hexamer formation. Our study establishes the existence of a unique DNA entry gate for regulated helicase loading, revealing key mechanisms in helicase loading, which has important implications for helicase activation.
Scalability of Shor’s algorithm with a limited set of rotation gates (2004)

Typical circuit implementations of Shor's algorithm involve controlled rotation gates of magnitude $\ensuremath{\pi}∕{2}^{2L}$ where $L$ is the binary length of the integer $N$ to be factored. Such gates cannot be implemented exactly using existing fault-tolerant techniques. Approximating a given controlled $\ensuremath{\pi}∕{2}^{d}$ rotation gate to within $\ensuremath{\delta}=O(1∕{2}^{d})$ currently requires both a number of qubits and a number of fault-tolerant gates that grows polynomially with $d$. In this paper we show that this additional growth in space and time complexity would severely limit the applicability of Shor's algorithm to large integers. Consequently, we study in detail the effect of using only controlled rotation gates with $d$ less than or equal to some ${d}_{\mathrm{max}}$. It is found that integers up to length ${L}_{\mathrm{max}}=O({4}^{{d}_{\mathrm{max}}})$ can be factored without significant performance penalty implying that the cumbersome techniques of fault-tolerant computation only need to be used to create controlled rotation gates of magnitude $\ensuremath{\pi}∕64$ if integers thousands of bits long are desired factored. Explicit fault-tolerant constructions of such gates are also discussed.
Innentitelbild: Thermally Assisted Photonic Inversion of Supramolecular Handedness (Angew. Chem. 42/2012) (2012)

Wärme und Licht von der Sonne könnten auf die molekulare Chiralität und supramolekulare Händigkeit von Gebilden der Natur wie Muschelschalen einen großen Einfluss haben. A. Ajayaghosh et al. demonstrieren in der Zuschrift auf S. 10657 ff., dass die inhärente Helizität eines synthetischen photochromen molekularen Assoziats durch die Einwirkung von Wärme und Licht umgekehrt werden kann. Ein Modell, das diesen Prozess mit einer Deformation und anschließenden Rückbildung erklärt, wird vorgestellt.
The Effect of Alkyl Substituent Length on Receptor Properties of Dithiaaza-Сrown-Hemicyanine MonolayersThe Effect of Alkyl Substituent Length on Receptor Properties of Dithiaaza-crown - Hemicyanine Monolayers (2017)

Planar supramolecular systems based on Langmuir monolayers of chromoionophores are widely used for sensor applications, and crown ether ionophoric groups are intensively studied. However, almost no attention is devoted to investigation of effect of alkyl moieties onto receptor properties of such systems. In the present work, we carry out a comparative study of Langmuir monolayers of three alkylated dithiaaza-crown substituted hemicyanine chromoionophores differing only in number of carbon atoms (12, 16, 21) in the hydrophobic alkyl substituent. A dependence of receptor properties of the studied monolayers on the length of alkyl chain is revealed. It is shown that the efficiency of mercury cations binding by both liquid-expanded and compressed monolayer of dithiaaza-crown substituted hemicyanine dyes formed on pure water subphase is identical for all three compounds with various length of alkyl chain substituent due to the key role of the interactions between chromoionophore fragments of neighboring molecules at the interface. Degree of system sensitivity enhancement due to barium cation-induced preorganization increases with increase of number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
Understanding Physicians’ Perceptions of Patient-Identified Barriers to Osteoporosis Medication Initiation: A Cognitive Mapping Approach (2022)

Views of patients solicited in a structured format provided directions to help in designing interventions to improve osteoporosis medication initiation and adherence.
A Synthesis of 4-Amino-2-thiopyrimidines (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Synthesis of 4-Amino-2-thiopyrimidinesPeter B. Russell, Gertrude B. Elion, Elvira A. Falco, and George H. HitchingsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 7, 2279–2282Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01175a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01175a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Should Prophylactic Antibiotics be Indicated for Operative Vaginal Delivery (2019)

Prophylactic antibiotics can prevent infections after cesarean delivery, but whether antibiotics should be administered for operative vaginal delivery