gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies on linkage isomerism in iron(II) complexes of benzotriazole, a corrosion inhibitor (1983)

Benzotriazole reacts with the aquapentacyanoferrate(II) complex, at pH 4.5, producing a mixture of N-coordinated isomers. Characterization based on 1 H and 13 C nmr spectroscopy yielded an equilibrium constant K = 1.9 ± 0.3, favoring the less symmetric N1-isomer. Two reversible peaks of oxidation, corresponding to the N1 and N2 isomers, were observed in the cyclic voltammograms at high scan rates, with E 1/2 = 0.43 and 0.53 V versus NHE, respectively. The cyclic voltammograms at intermediate scan rates were successfully analysed in terms of an isomerization reaction preceding reversible charge-transfer. The kinetic constants of isomerization, k f and k b , were 1.5 and 0.65 s −1 , respectively. The limiting dissociative rates, k −L = 5.3 × 10 −3 s −1 , measured in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide, support an intramolecular mechanism for the isomerization reaction.
Dynamic simulation of continuous mixed sugar fermentation with increasing cell retention time for lactic acid production using Enterococcus mundtii QU 25 (2020)

Cell retention time played a critical role in balancing pentose and hexose consumption, cell decay, and lactic acid production in the CF/CR process. With increasing cell concentration, consumption of mixed sugars increased with the productivity of the final product; hence, the impact of substrate inhibition was reduced. With the validated parameters, the model showed the highest accuracy simulating the CF/CR process, and significantly longer cell retention times compared to hydraulic retention time were tested.
Differential Effects of Mutations on the Transport Properties of the Na+/H+ Antiporter NhaA from Escherichia coli (2013)

Na(+)/H(+) antiporters show a marked pH dependence, which is important for their physiological function in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. In NhaA, the Escherichia coli Na(+)/H(+) antiporter, specific single site mutations modulating the pH profile of the transporter have been described in the past. To clarify the mechanism by which these mutations influence the pH dependence of NhaA, the substrate dependence of the kinetics of selected NhaA variants was electrophysiologically investigated and analyzed with a kinetic model. It is shown that the mutations affect NhaA activity in quite different ways by changing the properties of the binding site or the dynamics of the transporter. In the first case, pK and/or KD(Na) are altered, and in the second case, the rate constants of the conformational transition between the inside and the outside open conformation are modified. It is shown that residues as far apart as 15-20 Å from the binding site can have a significant impact on the dynamics of the conformational transitions or on the binding properties of NhaA. The implications of these results for the pH regulation mechanism of NhaA are discussed.
The Development of the CMSX-11B and CMSX-11C Alloys for Industrial Gas Turbine Application (1996)

Two different, non-Re containing single crystal (SX) superalloys are defined primarily for industrial turbine application. The alloys, CMSX@-11 B and CMSX @-11 C, contain respective chromium levels of about 12.5% and 14.5%. Both materials develop unique and extremely good blends of hot corrosion and oxidation resistance. They exhibit extremely good castability, employ relatively simple solution heat treatments and provide creep strength which is as good or better in comparison to other first generation SX materials such as CMSX-2/3@, PWA 1480 and RenC N4. Moreover, at certain engine-pertinent temperature/stress conditions, and particularly in long-term tests, the alloys appear to exhibit density corrected strengths which are similar or better than CMSX-4@ and other second generation SX casting superalloys.
Supplementary Methods from The Polycomb Group Protein Bmi-1 Is Essential for the Growth of Multiple Myeloma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Methods from The Polycomb Group Protein Bmi-1 Is Essential for the Growth of Multiple Myeloma Cells
Synthesis of high contrast fluorescein-diethers for rapid bench-top sensing of palladium (2015)

A new series of palladium sensors based on fluorescein bis(allyl ether) compounds has been designed. We utilized reduced fluoresceins as key synthetic intermediates. These probes exhibit negligible background fluorescence and rapid reaction with palladium, allowing a concentration of <100 ppt to be detected in minutes using a handheld UV lamp.
Effects of bubbles on the electrochemical behavior of hydrogen-evolving Si microwire arrays oriented against gravity (2020)

Silicon microwire-arrays mitigate the effects of gas bubbles on the total overpotential of hydrogen-evolving cathodes oriented against gravity.
Molecular Encapsulation of Naphthalene Diimide (NDI) Based π‐Conjugated Polymers: A Tool for Understanding Photoluminescence (2021)

Conjugated polymers are an important class of chromophores for optoelectronic devices. Understanding and controlling their excited state properties, in particular, radiative and non-radiative recombination processes are among the greatest challenges that must be overcome. We report the synthesis and characterization of a molecularly encapsulated naphthalene diimide-based polymer, one of the most successfully used motifs, and explore its structural and optical properties. The molecular encapsulation enables a detailed understanding of the effect of interpolymer interactions. We reveal that the non-encapsulated analogue P(NDI-2OD-T) undergoes aggregation enhanced emission; an effect that is suppressed upon encapsulation due to an increasing π-interchain stacking distance. This suggests that decreasing π-stacking distances may be an attractive method to enhance the radiative properties of conjugated polymers in contrast to the current paradigm where it is viewed as a source of optical quenching.
Viscosity and Density of 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Ionic Liquids (2002)

We report here the viscosity and density of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium salts of [BF4]-, [PF6]-, CL-, [CF3SO3]- and NO3]-.Viscosity decreases as a function of temperature and increases with increasing alkyl chain length, while density decreases with increasing temperature and longer alkyl chain. The viscosity data were fitted to the VFT equation. The ionic liquids were found to exhibit Newtonian behavior when isotropic, whereas they act as non-Newtonian shear-thinning materials at the liquid-crystalline mesophase temperatures.
Families living in poverty in Broadmeadows: Challenges, survival strategies and support services (2008)

The aim of this research was to provide a detailed description of the issues and experiences of families living in poverty in the Broadmeadows area of Melbourne. The project evolved from consultation with Broadmeadows Uniting Care (BUC) in which they expressed interest in gaining more information about the lives of clients, in particular families who used the agency’s emergency relief (ER) service regularly. A qualitative approach was undertaken in order to gain in-depth and contextually rich data from participants. It was established from the agency’s database that a large number of single parent families used the service and thus, single parents were interviewed for the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight single-parent clients who had used the ER service three or more times during 2005. Data analysis identified a number of issues and challenges faced by single parent families living in poverty: these were categorised into the main themes of: financial support, emotional support, social support, survival strategies and effects on children.
Iron Uptake by Symbiosomes from Soybean Root Nodules (1996)

To identify possible iron sources for bacteroids in planta, soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) symbiosomes (consisting of the bacteroid-containing peribacteroid space enclosed by the peribacteroid membrane [PBM]) and bacteroids were assayed for the ability to transport iron supplied as various ferric [Fe(III)]-chelates. Iron presented as a number of Fe(III)-chelates was transported at much higher rates across the PBM than across the bacteroid membranes, suggesting the presence of an iron storage pool in the peribacteroid space. Pulse-chase experiments confirmed the presence of such an iron storage pool. Because the PBM is derived from the plant plasma membrane, we reasoned that it may possess a ferric-chelate reductase activity similar to that present in plant plasma membrane. We detected ferric-chelate reductase activity associated with the PBM and suggest that reduction of Fe(III) to ferrous [Fe(II)] plays a role in the movement of iron into soybean symbiosomes.
Modafinil Augmentation of Antidepressant Treatment in Depression (2000)

Modafinil appears to be a drug with promise as an augmenter of antidepressants, especially in patients with residual tiredness or fatigue. It is a particularly attractive alternative to other stimulants because of its low abuse potential and Schedule IV status.
Discussion on 3D Printing Technology (2008)

3D printing has stereoscopical sense as physical goods;its application on goods packaging,production advertising,anti-counterfeit trademarks for cigarettes,and liquor is growing.The development,principle,feature,printing material,and printing process of 3D printing were analyzed.The purpose was to let reader know more about 3D printing.
Indium oxide deposition on glass by aerosol pyrolysis (Pyrosol/sup (R)/ process) (1975)

The Pyrosol/sup (R)/ process involves the pyrolysis of an aerosol generated by ultrasonic nebulisation from a solution of organic or inorganic compounds. This technique was used to deposit transparent n-conducting indium oxide films on glass. The electrical and optical properties of these films were studied as a function of the deposition temperature and doping (using tin or fluorine). A deposition temperature of 480$sup 0$C and a Sn/In ratio of about 5 percent gave the best results. In this case, the transmission in the visible range was 92 percent, the infrared reflection 84 percent and the electrical resistivity 1.7 x 10$sup -4$$Omega$. cm. (auth)
Addition of 3-nitrosobut-3-en-2-one to olefins and to electron-rich heterocycles (1978)

T. L. Gilchrist and T. G. Roberts, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1978, 847b DOI: 10.1039/C3978000847B
Layered Division Multiplexing for ATSC 3.0: Implementation and Memory Use Aspects (2019)

This paper presents implementation and memory use aspects for layered division multiplexing (LDM) technology defined in the next generation terrestrial broadcast standard, called advanced television systems committee (ATSC) 3.0. As LDM becomes a new method that combines multiple broadcast contents, its practical considerations on transmitter and receiver implementations as well as memory usages are described in this paper. When multiple physical layer pipes are used, the feasibility of the implementation and memory use aspects are discussed, and the performance analysis in comparison with other multiplexing techniques that ATSC 3.0 offers is shown.
Vaccine Production: Upstream Processing with Adherent or Suspension Cell Lines (2013)

The production of viral vaccines in cell culture can be accomplished with primary, diploid, or continuous (transformed) cell lines. Each cell line, each virus type, and each vaccine preparation require the specific design of upstream and downstream processing. Media have to be selected as well as production vessels, cultivation conditions, and modes of operation. Many viruses only replicate to high titers in adherently growing cells, but similar to processes established for recombinant protein production, an increasing number of suspension cell lines is being evaluated for future use. Here, we describe key issues to be considered for the establishment of large-scale virus production in bioreactors. As an example upstream processing of cell culture-derived influenza virus production is described in more detail for adherently growing and for suspension cells. In particular, use of serum-containing, serum-free, and chemically defined media as well as choice of cultivation vessel are considered.
The Calcium Sensor Protein Visinin-like Protein-1 Modulates the Surface Expression and Agonist Sensitivity of the α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (2002)

The calcium sensor protein visinin-like protein-1 (VILIP-1) was isolated from a brain cDNA yeast two-hybrid library using the large cytoplasmic domain of the alpha4 subunit as a bait. VILIP-1 is a myristoylated calcium sensor protein that contains three functional calcium binding EF-hand motifs. The alpha4 subunit residues 302-339 were found to be essential for the interaction with VILIP-1. VILIP-1 coimmunopurified with detergent-solubilized recombinant alpha4beta2 acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) expressed in tsA201 cells and with native alpha4 AChRs isolated from brain. Coexpression of VILIP-1 with recombinant alpha4beta2 AChRs up-regulated their surface expression levels approximately 2-fold and increased their agonist sensitivity to acetylcholine approximately 3-fold. The modulation of the recombinant alpha4beta2 AChRs by VILIP-1 was attenuated in VILIP-1 mutants that lacked the ability to be myristoylated or to bind calcium. Collectively, these results suggest that VILIP-1 represents a novel modulator of alpha4beta2 AChRs that increases their surface expression levels and agonist sensitivity in response to changes in the intracellular levels of calcium.
FSS based sub-millimetre wave spatial phase shifter design considerations (2009)

This paper describes the design of two double layer frequency selective surfaces each of which can produce a differential phase shift of 180°, as the wave propagates through the polarizer at normal incidence and thereby form the basis for a spatial phase shifter. The phase shifter operates at 325 GHz and is suitable for radiometer use for remote environmental monitoring of H 2 O.
Efficient growth inhibition of ErbB2-overexpressing tumor cells by anti-ErbB2 ScFv-Fc-IL-2 fusion protein in vitro and in vivo (2007)

The genetically-engineered anti-ErbB2 scFv-Fc-IL-2 fusion protein exhibited high efficiency both in mediating ADCC in vitro and significant antitumor activity in tumor xenograft models.
Asymmetrical multilevel inverter topology with low total standing voltage and reduced switches count (2021)

Summary This paper presented an improved asymmetrical multilevel inverter module with reduced switches count. The basic module is capable of producing 15 level outputs with four dc sources and 10 switches. The proposed topology has an inherent ability to generate negative voltage levels, made it possible to utilize lower rating switches, and has lower total standing voltage. To have more number of levels, a series‐connected cascade extension of the module has been done. The three different algorithms for selecting the magnitude of dc sources are proposed. The generalized relations for different parameters are based on the number of added basic units and the number of presented levels for each source selection algorithm. Nearest level control (NLC) is used as the modulation technique. A comparative study shows that the developed topology outperformed other selected existing topologies on many parameters. The performance of the module is evaluated through detailed simulation and power loss analysis. Accuracy of the obtained simulation results is validated through proper experimental testing of the circuit in the laboratory.
Live-cell Measurement of Odorant Receptor Activation Using a Real-time cAMP Assay (2017)

The enormous sizes of the mammalian odorant receptor (OR) families present difficulties to find their cognate ligands among numerous volatile chemicals. To efficiently and accurately deorphanize ORs, we combine the use of a heterologous cell line to express mammalian ORs and a genetically modified biosensor plasmid to measure cAMP production downstream of OR activation in real time. This assay can be used to screen odorants against ORs and vice versa. Positive odorant-receptor interactions from the screens can be subsequently confirmed by testing against various odor concentrations, generating concentration-response curves. Here we used this method to perform a high-throughput screening of an odorous compound against a human OR library expressed in Hana3A cells and confirmed that the positively-responding receptor is the cognate receptor for the compound of interest. We found this high-throughput detection method to be efficient and reliable in assessing OR activation and our data provide an example of its potential use in OR functional studies.
Water, electrolytes, vitamins and trace elements – Guidelines on Parenteral Nutrition, Chapter 7 (2009)

A close cooperation between medical teams is necessary when calculating the fluid intake of parenterally fed patients. Fluids supplied parenterally, orally and enterally, other infusions, and additional fluid losses (e.g. diarrhea) must be considered. Targeted diagnostic monitoring (volume status) is required in patients with disturbed water or electrolyte balance. Fluid requirements of adults with normal hydration status is approximately 30-40 ml/kg body weight/d, but fluid needs usually increase during fever. Serum electrolyte concentrations should be determined prior to PN, and patients with normal fluid and electrolyte balance should receive intakes follwing standard recommendations with PN. Additional requirements should usually be administered via separate infusion pumps. Concentrated potassium (1 mval/ml) or 20% NaCl solutions should be infused via a central venous catheter. Electrolyte intake should be adjusted according to the results of regular laboratory analyses. Individual determination of electrolyte intake is required when electrolyte balance is initially altered (e.g. due to chronic diarrhea, recurring vomiting, renal insufficiency etc.). Vitamins and trace elements should be generally substituted in PN, unless there are contraindications. The supplementation of vitamins and trace elements is obligatory after a PN of >1 week. A standard dosage of vitamins and trace elements based on current dietary reference intakes for oral feeding is generally recommended unless certain clinical situations require other intakes.
Mobile spatial audio communication system (2004)

Identifying factors that impact psychological treatment outcomes in older people with common mental health problems (CMHP) has important implications for supporting healthier and longer lives. The aim of the present study was to synthesise the evidence on predictors of psychological treatment outcomes in older people (aged 65+). PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO were searched and 3929 articles were identified and screened, with 42 studies (N = 7978, M age = 68.9, SD age = 2.85) included: depression: k = 21, anxiety: k = 11, panic disorder: k = 3, mixed anxiety & depression: k = 3, PTSD: k = 2, various CMHP: k = 2, with CBT being the most common treatment (71%). The review identified 28 factors reported as significant predictors of treatment outcome in at least one study, across different domains: psychosocial (n = 9), clinical (n = 6), treatment-related (n = 6), socio-demographic (n = 4), neurobiological (n = 3). Homework completion was the most consistent predictor of positive treatment outcome. Baseline symptom severity was the most frequently studied significant predictor and across all conditions, with higher baseline symptom severity largely linked to worse treatment outcomes. No significant effects on treatment outcome were reported for gender, income and physical comorbidities. For a large majority of factors evidence was mixed or inconclusive. Further studies are required to identify factors affecting psychological treatment outcomes, which will be important for the development of personalised treatment approaches.
Introduction to Statistics: The Nonparametric Way (1992)

The text introduces the student to the basic ideas of estimation and hypothesis testing early in the course after a rather brief introduction to data organization and some simple ideas about probability. Estimation and hypothesis testing are discussed in terms of the two-sample problem. The book exploits nonparametric ideas that rely on nothing more complicated than sample differences Y-X, referred to as elementary estimates, to define the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test statistics and the related point and interval estimates. The ideas behind elementary estimates are then applied to the one-sample problem and to linear regression and rank correlation. Discussion of the Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman procedures for the k-sample problem rounds out the nonparametric coverage. The concluding chapters provide a discussion of Chi-square tests for the analysis of categorical data and introduce the student to the analysis of binomial data including the computation of power and sample size. Most chapters in the book have an appendix discussing relevant Minitab commands.
Analysis of Schottky barrier heights and reduced Fermi-level pinning in monolayer CVD-grown MoS 2 field-effect-transistors (2022)

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown monolayer (ML) molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) is a promising material for next-generation integrated electronic systems due to its capability of high-throughput synthesis and compatibility with wafer-scale fabrication. Several studies have described the importance of Schottky barriers in analyzing the transport properties and electrical characteristics of MoS<sub>2</sub>field-effect-transistors (FETs) with metal contacts. However, the analysis is typically limited to single devices constructed from exfoliated flakes and should be verified for large-area fabrication methods. In this paper, CVD-grown ML MoS<sub>2</sub>was utilized to fabricate large-area (1 cm × 1 cm) FET arrays. Two different types of metal contacts (i.e. Cr/Au and Ti/Au) were used to analyze the temperature-dependent electrical characteristics of ML MoS<sub>2</sub>FETs and their corresponding Schottky barrier characteristics. Statistical analysis provides new insight about the properties of metal contacts on CVD-grown MoS<sub>2</sub>compared to exfoliated samples. Reduced Schottky barrier heights (SBH) are obtained compared to exfoliated flakes, attributed to a defect-induced enhancement in metallization of CVD-grown samples. Moreover, the dependence of SBH on metal work function indicates a reduction in Fermi level pinning compared to exfoliated flakes, moving towards the Schottky-Mott limit. Optical characterization reveals higher defect concentrations in CVD-grown samples supporting a defect-induced metallization enhancement effect consistent with the electrical SBH experiments.