gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Personnel reliability impact on petrochemical facilities monitoring system’s failure skipping probability (2017)

The paper dwells upon urgent issues of evaluating impact of actions conducted by complex technological systems operators on their safe operation considering application of condition monitoring systems for elements and sub-systems of petrochemical production facilities. The main task for the research is to distinguish factors and criteria of monitoring system properties description, which would allow to evaluate impact of errors made by personnel on operation of real-time condition monitoring and diagnostic systems for machinery of petrochemical facilities, and find and objective criteria for monitoring system class, considering a human factor. On the basis of real-time condition monitoring concepts of sudden failure skipping risk, static and dynamic error, monitoring systems, one may solve a task of evaluation of impact that personnel’s qualification has on monitoring system operation in terms of error in personnel or operators’ actions while receiving information from monitoring systems and operating a technological system. Operator is considered as a part of the technological system. Although, personnel’s behavior is usually a combination of the following parameters: input signal - information perceiving, reaction – decision making, response – decision implementing. Based on several researches on behavior of nuclear powers station operators in USA, Italy and other countries, as well as on researches conducted by Russian scientists, required data on operator’s reliability were selected for analysis of operator’s behavior at technological facilities diagnostics and monitoring systems. The calculations revealed that for the monitoring system selected as an example, the failure skipping risk for the set values of static (less than 0.01) and dynamic (less than 0.001) errors considering all related factors of data on reliability of information perception, decision-making, and reaction fulfilled is 0.037, in case when all the facilities and error probability are under control – not more than 0.027. In case when only pump and compressor units are under control, the failure skipping risk is not more than 0.022, when the probability of error in operator’s action is not more than 0.011. The work output shows that on the basis of the researches results an assessment of operators’ reliability can be made in terms of almost any kind of production, but considering only technological capabilities, since operators’ psychological and general training considerable vary in different production industries. Using latest technologies of engineering psychology and design of data support systems, situation assessment systems, decision-making and responding system, as well as achievement in condition monitoring in various production industries one can evaluate hazardous condition skipping risk probability considering static, dynamic errors and human factor.
Effect of 308 nm excimer laser irradiation on retinal pigment epithelium cell viability in vitro (2008)

Cultured human RPE cells are susceptible to apoptotic cell death induced by 308 nm excimer laser irradiation. Absorption by choroid/Bruch membrane tissue can largely prevent the cytotoxic effect. In clinical application, the residual adverse effect of laser ablation on graft RPE cell viability needs to be outweighed by potential advantageous effects on graft survival and functionality to allow for a sensible application of excimer ablation in RPE translocation surgery.
Parallel formulation of the inverse kinematics of modular hyper-redundant manipulators (2002)

A method is presented for generating inverse kinematic solutions for hyper-redundant manipulators of fixed or variable length. This method uses a continuous backbone curve to capture the macroscopic geometric features of the manipulator. The inverse kinematics of the backbone curve can be used directly to specify the geometry of a wide variety of hyper-redundant manipulator morphologies. The hyper-redundant manipulators are broken nonredundant segments which have closed form inverse kinematic solutions. The kinematic constraints for each segment are specified independently by the backbone curve, and the kinematics of the total manipulator can therefore be solved in parallel. The method is demonstrated with planar and spatial variable geometry truss manipulators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Isolation and Characterization of Polyester-Based Plastics-Degrading Bacteria from Compost Soils (2018)

Four potential polyester-degrading bacterial strains were isolated from compost soils in Thailand. These bacteria exhibited strong degradation activity for polyester biodegradable plastics, such as polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly-(butylene succinate) (PBS) and polybutylene succinate-co-adipate (PBSA) as substrates. The strains, classified according to phenotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence, belonging to the genera Actinomadura, Streptomyces and Laceyella, demonstrated the best polyester- degrading activities. All strains utilized polyesters as a carbon source, and yeast extract with ammonium sulphate was utilized as a nitrogen source for enzyme production. Optimization for polyester-degrading enzyme production by Actinomadura sp. S14, Actinomadura sp. TF1, Streptomyces sp. APL3 and Laceyella sp. TP4 revealed the highest polyester-degrading activity in culture broth when 1% (w/v) PCL (18 U/mL), 0.5% (w/v) PLA (22.3 U/mL), 1% (w/v) PBS (19.4 U/mL) and 0.5% (w/v) PBSA (6.3 U/mL) were used as carbon sources, respectively. All strains exhibited the highest depolymerase activities between pH 6.0–8.0 and temperature 40–60°C. Partial nucleotides of the polyester depolymerase gene from strain S14, TF1 and APL3 were studied. We determined the amino acids making up the depolymerase enzymes had a highly conserved pentapeptide catalytic triad (Gly-His-Ser-Met-Gly), which has been shown to be part of the esterase-lipase superfamily (serine hydrolase).
Nucleation in Protein Crystallization (1998)

In this paper protein crystallization is regarded as a process starting with phase separation in a two-component system. The nucleation time of a lysozyme solution is measured by recording the NMR spectra of crystallizing solutions as a function of time. It is found that there is an appreciable induction time before the first nuclei appear in the solution and that this induction time depends strongly on the degree of supersaturation due to the protein concentration at a given ionic strength or due to the temperature. From the experimental data it is evident that (at least for lysozyme) crystallization under the prevailing experimental conditions is a transient process with an induction time and not a steady-state process.
Exposure to allergens of different cattle breeds and their relevance in occupational allergy (2009)

We demonstrate for the first time the allergenic relevance of additional proteins with molecular weights of 14, 30, 55 and approx. 67-97 kDa in more than 50% of farmers with cattle related symptoms. One of our most striking results was that 32% of the investigated farmers with cattle related symptoms showed negative results with commercial serological tests but distinct reactions with cow allergen in immunoblotting experiments. The Bos d 2 content in hair showed differences between certain breeds whereas German Brown and Simmental had particularly higher quantities of Bos d 2 in their hair than breeds such as Holstein-Friesian. These results strongly support the following recommendation: test results with commercial extracts that are contradictory to the clinical symptoms should be supplemented by skin tests using extracts of the hair of the farmers' own cattle.
Protective Effects of Crocin on Hemodynamic Parameters and Infarct Size in Comparison with Vitamin E after Ischemia Reperfusion in Isolated Rat Hearts (2014)

Although reperfusion is a useful method for the survival of ischemic heart, harmful effects have been observed. This study was carried out to investigate the preconditioning and cardioprotective potential effects of crocin and vitamin E on the hemodynamic and infarct size in the ischemia-reperfusion model of isolated rat hearts. Animals were divided into a control group, an ischemia-reperfusion control group and three treatment groups: crocin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg), vitamin E (100 mg/kg), and combination (crocin 40 mg/kg with vitamin E 100 mg/kg). The hearts were excised, quickly transferred to a Langendorff apparatus, and subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Left ventricular developed pressure, coronary perfusion pressure, left ventricular systolic pressure, myocardial contractility, rate pressure product, coronary flow, and infarct size were assessed. The successful induction of ischemia was determined by ST elevation on the electrocardiogram.The results showed that crocin significantly improved cardiac dysfunction and also reduced infarct size in the rat hearts. However, the combination of crocin 40 mg/kg and vitamin E 100 mg/kg had an even more significantly improved effect on the hemodynamic parameters and infarct size.Therefore, it can be suggested that the protective role of crocin may be due to the stability or reinforcement of antioxidant systems, and crocin could be useful for the treatment or prevention of cardiac dysfunction.
Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone: A Novel Cryoprotectant in Islet Cell Cryopreservation (2004)

The present study was performed on the basis of the hypothesis that the low molecular weight (MW) compounds, DMSO and glycerol, permeate the cell and interact hydrophobically with intracellular proteins, thereby perturbing the cytoskeletal architecture of frozen cells and diminishing islet cell integrity and function. Isolated rat islets were cultured overnight (18-24 h) at 37 degrees C in RPMI medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum and 1% mixture of penicillin/streptomycin. Using a programmable temperature controller, samples of precounted islets were then frozen under liquid nitrogen, in the presence of either 2 M DMSO (MW = 0.078 kDa), 3 M glycerol (MW = 0.092 kDa), 5% polyethylene glycol (PEG, MW = 20 kDa), or 10% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, MW = 40 kDa), and stored at -80 degrees C for 1 week. Following thawing and overnight (18-24 h) culture, intact islet recovery was determined by islet counting after dithizone staining. Islet function was assessed by determination of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in perifusion experiments with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.4, containing either basal (3.3 mM) or high (16.7 mM) glucose concentrations. The assessment of islet recovery and function of all cryopreserved samples was performed only after thawing and overnight culture (18-24 h) of islets. The mean +/- SEM percent intact islet recovery was higher with PVP compared with DMSO (82 +/- 4.6 vs. 62.7 +/- 3.1%, respectively, p < 0.005, n = 9). Furthermore, the glucose stimulation index of insulin secretion by islets taken from samples frozen with PEG and PVP, after thawing and overnight culture, was comparable to that of freshly isolated islets, in contrast to DMSO and glycerol. There was no significant difference in intact islet recovery and function between samples frozen with PVP and those frozen with PEG. Samples frozen with DMSO and glycerol had similar results in islet recovery and function. These data show that PVP is a new and potent cryoprotectant for islet cell freezing.
A Hierarchical Control Strategy With Fault Ride-Through Capability for Variable Frequency Transformer (2014)

A variable frequency transformer (VFT) is being considered as a new alternative to the classical back-to-back high voltage direct current (HVDC) link for interconnection of two asynchronous networks. The VFT is a retrospective form of frequency converter using the wound rotor induction machine (WRIM), which converts the constant frequency input into a variable frequency output. The prime objective of VFT is to achieve controlled bidirectional power transfer between the two asynchronous networks. This paper presents a detailed working principle of VFT technology and proposes a new hierarchical control strategy for establishing the VFT connection with two power systems to achieve bidirectional power transfer between them. Also, to restrict the grid fault propagation from one side of the VFT to the other side, a series dynamic braking resistor based fault ride-through (FRT) scheme is proposed. The performance of the VFT during the synchronization process, steady-state, dynamic, and the grid fault conditions is evaluated using the real-time hardware in-loop (HIL) system. The plant is simulated in real time using OPAL-RT real-time simulator while the control algorithm is implemented in digital signal processor to carry out HIL study. All the important results supporting the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and FRT scheme are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Hydrolytic Reactions of Rice Bran Lipase (RBL): A First Report. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Interstitial Solute Trapping in Irradiated and Quenched Iron (1968)

Abstract The interaction of interstitial carbon and nitrogen solutes with defects produced by low temperature neutron irradiation and by quenching was studied in high purity and Ferrovac E iron. Magnetic disaccommodation techniques were applied to determine the interstitial solute content after irradiation and upon annealing. Doses of about 10 17 neutrons/cm 2 caused the trapping of about 20 ppm (atomic) interstitial solutes at 65 (carbon) and 40°C (nitrogen). Trapping of carbon in a Ferrovac E iron alloy occurred during a fast quench from 880°C. After trapping, the interstitial solutes reappeared in solid solution at 300 (carbon, neutron irradiation), 200 (nitrogen, neutron irradiation), and 620°C (carbon, quenching). Various possibilities for the defect traps were considered and it was concluded that trapping of the interstitial solutes occurred at iron interstitial clusters after neutron irradiation and at vacancy type defects after quenching.
A power harvester for wireless sensing applications (2006)

In many implementations of structural monitoring, wires connecting the sensors in a chain or in a network are not allowed. Furthermore, most of the sensors are supposed to work just after a triggering event, so that they only absorb energy during a limited number of short working periods. Nevertheless, power harvesting is the weak link in conceiving a fully wireless architecture. The overall problem is discussed throughout this paper and solutions for specific civil engineering environments are pursued. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New developments in our understanding of the biology of psoriasis. (1990)

Increased keratinocyte proliferation and inflammation are two hallmarks of psoriasis. In this paper new developments in skin biology and biochemistry that help us to understand these two features of the disease are discussed. Methods to control proliferation and inflammation based on these scientific developments are presented.
Low-Concentration Atropine Eye Drops for Myopia Progression (2019)

Low concentration atropine is effective in myopia control. The widespread use of low-concentration atropine, especially in East Asia, may help prevent the myopia progression for the high-risk children. Further investigations on the rebound phenomenon following drops cessation, and longer-term individualized treatment approach should be warranted.
Prediction of Influenza Complications: Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Prediction Model to Improve and Expand the Identification of Vaccine-Hesitant Patients at Risk of Severe Influenza Complications (2022)

Influenza vaccinations are recommended for high-risk individuals, but few population-based strategies exist to identify individual risks. Patient-level data from unvaccinated individuals, stratified into retrospective cases (n = 111,022) and controls (n = 2,207,714), informed a machine learning model designed to create an influenza risk score; the model was called the Geisinger Flu-Complications Flag (GFlu-CxFlag). The flag was created and validated on a cohort of 604,389 unique individuals. Risk scores were generated for influenza cases; the complication rate for individuals without influenza was estimated to adjust for unrelated complications. Shapley values were used to examine the model’s correctness and demonstrate its dependence on different features. Bias was assessed for race and sex. Inverse propensity weighting was used in the derivation stage to correct for biases. The GFlu-CxFlag model was compared to the pre-existing Medial EarlySign Flu Algomarker and existing risk guidelines that describe high-risk patients who would benefit from influenza vaccination. The GFlu-CxFlag outperformed other traditional risk-based models; the area under curve (AUC) was 0.786 [0.783−0.789], compared with 0.694 [0.690−0.698] (p-value < 0.00001). The presence of acute and chronic respiratory diseases, age, and previous emergency department visits contributed most to the GFlu-CxFlag model’s prediction. When higher numerical scores were assigned to more severe complications, the GFlu-CxFlag AUC increased to 0.828 [0.823−0.833], with excellent discrimination in the final model used to perform the risk stratification of the population. The GFlu-CxFlag can better identify high-risk individuals than existing models based on vaccination guidelines, thus creating a population-based risk stratification for individual risk assessment and deployment in vaccine hesitancy reduction programs in our health system.
Strengthened Results on Nonregular PDL (1999)

We continue the ongoing investigation of decidability and undecidability of nonregular extensions of propositional dynamic logic (PDL), by proving two results. The first strengthens the undecidability result of Harel and Singerman regarding one-letter Fibonacci-like extensions, by showing undecidability for a more general class of exponentially growing sequences. The second strengthens the decidability result of Harel and Raz for languages accepted by simple-minded pushdown automata, by showing that the important thing for decidability is that the stack behavior depends only on the input symbol.
Abstract T P58: Early Anticoagulant Therapy for Secondary Stroke Prevention in Japanese NVAF Patients With TIA/minor Stroke: The SAMURAI-NVAF Study (2014)

Objective: Early anticoagulant therapy is commonly used for acute cardioembolic stroke in Japan, although its usefulness remains undetected. The purpose of this study was to estimate the efficacy and safety of early anticoagulation for the treatment of acute stroke/TIA patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Methods: From September 2011 through June 2013, 697 acute ischemic stroke/TIA patients with NVAF were registered from a multicenter prospective registry (the SAMURAI-NVAF study including 18 Japanese stroke centers, NCT01581502). Of those, the patients who started anticoagulant therapy within 48 hours after the onset were assessed for the incidence of ischemic and hemorrhagic events during the first 30 days. Results: A total of 438 patients (62.8%; 247 men, 77.4±9.8 years old) was evaluated. Of these, 292 patients (66.7%) started anticoagulation with intravenous unfractionated heparin (UFH) mono-therapy, 87 patients (19.9%) with UFH and warfarin, and 2 patients (0.5%) with UFH switched to novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs). As oral anticoagulants mono-therapy, 34 patients (7.8%) started with warfarin, and 23 (5.3%) with NOAC. Ischemic events were developed in 11 patients (2.5%: 11 recurrent ischemic strokes), and hemorrhagic events in 11 patients (2.5%: 6 symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages during the first 7days and 5 extracranial hemorrhages). Patients with major artery occlusion had higher incidence of hemorrhagic events than those without (4.0% versus 0.6%, p=0.02), whereas ischemic events were similar in both groups (2.4% versus 2.7%, p=0.82). In multivariable analysis, major artery occlusion was independently associated with higher rate of major hemorrhagic events (OR 6.19; 95% CI 1.01-119.75) adjusted for age, sex, BMI, HAS-BLED score before index TIA/stroke, and NIHSS on admission. Conclusion: In our cohort, early initiation of anticoagulant therapy is often performed in patients with acute stroke/TIA with NVAF patient, and the frequency of ischemic and hemorrhagic events seems to be low compared with previous reports. Early anticoagulant therapy can be safe for patients without major artery occlusion.
Ankle Osteoarthritis and Arthroplasty (2013)

The World Health Organization estimates that 10% of the world’s population over the age of 60 suffers from osteoarthritis (OA) [1]. The majority of these cases involve the hip and knee. Symptomatic osteoarthritis of the ankle with radiographic changes is seen in approximately 11% of patients seeking treatment for “arthritis” [1]. Idiopathic arthritis, as seen in the hip and knee, is rare in the ankle joint. The majority of ankle arthritis is secondary to trauma (70%), with a smaller percentage being attributed to inflammatory arthropathies such as RA (12%) and only 7% attributed to primary OA [2]. Ankle arthritis can be a debilitating dis‐ ease. In fact, the mental and physical disability associated with end-stage arthritis of the an‐ kle is at least as severe as that associated with end stage hip arthritis [3].
Smallholder Farmers’ Knowledge, Perception and Management of Rice Blast Disease in Upland Rice Production in Tanzania (2018)

The objective of this paper was to investigate farmers’ knowledge and management of rice blast disease in Tanzania. Farmers’ household survey was conducted in five districts namely Mvomero, Morogoro rural, Ulanga, Korogwe and Muheza in April and May 2017. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using semi-structured questionnaire and observations made through transect walks across selected villages. Farmers observed symptoms of rice blast disease for the first time in the past 3 to 10 years, with higher severity of blast disease in April to May each year. About 46.3% of the respondents were not aware of the cause and spread of rice blast disease. About 39.9% of the respondents associated rice blast disease with drought, high rainfall and temperature (8.7%) and soil fertility problems (5.1%). About 18.7% of the farmers reported burning of crop residues, 17.0% use of ash, 4.0% use of nitrogen fertilizer and 6.3% application of fungicide for management of rice blast disease. The majority (54.0%) of farmers did not apply any management method. Most farmers planted local upland rice varieties, with only 7.7% using improved varieties. About 69.6% of the respondents shared information on disease management among themselves. Lack of knowledge, ability to afford and unavailability of effective blast disease control methods were reported to affect the management of the disease. Strengthening the capacity of farmers to identify the disease and proper management practices will sustainably solve the problem of rice blast disease in upland rice production.