gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Valuation of the Effect of Barium on Surface Roughness and Ultrafine Particle Emission While Dry Milling Al-20Mg<inf>2</inf>Si Metal Matrix composite (2018)

Surface roughness is an important output in manufacturing processes. It has effect on the performance of mechanical components and the fabrication cost. In this research work, an experimental investigation was conducted to determine the effects of cutting condition on surface roughness and particle emission while milling Al-20Mg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Si metal matrix composite and Ba-containing composite. The results show that the addition of Ba into the melt improved surface roughness during machining process. It is also found that dust emission decreased with the addition of Ba as modifier element.
Fabrication of monolithic polymer nanofluidic channels using nanowires as sacrificial templates (2010)

We report a facile and reliable method to fabricate polymer-based monolithic nanofluidic channels. The nanochannels are obtained via three main steps: (1) fabrication of nanowire-transistor like structures, which are silver or zinc oxide nanowires horizontally bridging two electrodes made of zinc oxide on SiO(2)/Si substrates; (2) casting and curing polyimide solution on the nanowire structures; and (3) selective etching of the nanowire and electrode templates against the polyimide substrates. This process leads to the production of nanochannels with a diameter down to ∼ 50 nm. Our method is based on nanowires that are chemically synthesized whereas nanopattern fabrication conventionally relies on expensive equipment. Moreover, the polymer nanochannels are fabricated monolithically while a process of bonding two different materials is required in traditional methods where leakage problems are often identified at the interface. Construction of nanofluidic circuitry could be expected in the future based on the current work.
RGD-Functionalization of Poly(2-oxazoline)-Based Networks for Enhanced Adhesion to Cancer Cells (2014)

Poly(2-oxazoline) networks with varying swelling degrees and varying hydrophilicity can be synthesized from 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline, 2-nonyl-2-oxazoline, 2-9’-decenyl-2-oxazoline and 2,2’-tetramethylene-bis-2-oxazoline in one-pot/one-step strategies. These gels can be loaded with organic molecules, such as fluorescein isothiocyanate, either during the polymerization (covalent attachment of the dye) or according to post-synthetic swelling/deswelling strategies (physical inclusion of the dye). Surface functionalization of ground gels by thiol-ene reactions with cysteine-bearing peptides exhibiting the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif yields microparticles with enhanced recognition of human cancer cells compared to healthy endothelial cells.
Continuous cardiotocography (CTG) as a form of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) for fetal assessment during labour (2006)

CTG during labour is associated with reduced rates of neonatal seizures, but no clear differences in cerebral palsy, infant mortality or other standard measures of neonatal wellbeing. However, continuous CTG was associated with an increase in caesarean sections and instrumental vaginal births. The challenge is how best to convey these results to women to enable them to make an informed decision without compromising the normality of labour.The question remains as to whether future randomised trials should measure efficacy (the intrinsic value of continuous CTG in trying to prevent adverse neonatal outcomes under optimal clinical conditions) or effectiveness (the effect of this technique in routine clinical practice).Along with the need for further investigations into long-term effects of operative births for women and babies, much remains to be learned about the causation and possible links between antenatal or intrapartum events, neonatal seizures and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes, whilst considering changes in clinical practice over the intervening years (one-to-one-support during labour, caesarean section rates). The large number of babies randomised to the trials in this review have now reached adulthood and could potentially provide a unique opportunity to clarify if a reduction in neonatal seizures is something inconsequential that should not greatly influence women's and clinicians' choices, or if seizure reduction leads to long-term benefits for babies. Defining meaningful neurological and behavioural outcomes that could be measured in large cohorts of young adults poses huge challenges. However, it is important to collect data from these women and babies while medical records still exist, where possible describe women's mobility and positions during labour and birth, and clarify if these might impact on outcomes. Research should also address the possible contribution of the supine position to adverse outcomes for babies, and assess whether the use of mobility and positions can further reduce the low incidence of neonatal seizures and improve psychological outcomes for women.
Plasmablastic lymphoma: from genetics to treatment (2022)

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) represents a rare distinct lymphoma entity with plasmablastic morphology and plasmacytic immunophenotype that is characterized by an aggressive clinical course. Standard chemotherapeutic regimens often remain insufficient to cure affected patients. Recently, comprehensive molecular analyses of large cohorts of primary PBL samples have revealed the mutational landscape as well as the pattern of copy number alterations of this rare lymphoma subtype. Identification of recurrent aberrations affecting the JAK-STAT, RAS-RAF, NOTCH, IRF4, and MYC signaling pathways drive the molecular pathogenesis of PBL and hold great potential for novel targeted therapeutic approaches.
Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Interactions Involving Aegilops Cytoplasms and Triticum Genomes (1971)

Journal Article Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Interactions Involving Aegilops Cytoplasms and Triticum Genomes Get access S. S. MAAN, S. S. MAAN North Dakota State UniversityFargo, North Dakota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K. A. LUCKEN K. A. LUCKEN North Dakota State UniversityFargo, North Dakota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 62, Issue 3, May 1971, Pages 149–152, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/62.3.149 Published: 01 May 1971
Novel Approach to MOS Inversion Layer Mobility Characterization with Advanced Split C-V and Hall Factor Analyses (2006)

Parasitic effects and Matthiessen's rule have been reinvestigated in the inversion layer mobility analysis. It is shown that an advanced split C-V technique newly developed is very useful for characterizing the intrinsic inversion layer mobility in short channel MOSFETs, even with very large parasitic effects. Furthermore, the validity of Matthiessen's rule is experimentally and theoretically investigated through Hall factor analysis
The reaction of benzoyl-substituted heterocyclic ketene aminals with aryl azides (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe reaction of benzoyl-substituted heterocyclic ketene aminals with aryl azidesZhitang Huang and Meixiang WangCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 1, 184–190Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00027a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00027a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views407Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
MSJ926955_appendix_2 – Supplemental material for Disability outcomes of early cerebellar and brainstem symptoms in multiple sclerosis (2020)

Supplemental material, MSJ926955_appendix_2 for Disability outcomes of early cerebellar and brainstem symptoms in multiple sclerosis by Minh Le, Charles Malpas, Sifat Sharmin, Dana Horáková, Eva Havrdova, Maria Trojano, Guillermo Izquierdo, Sara Eichau, Serkan Ozakbas, Alessandra Lugaresi, Alexandre Prat, Marc Girard, Pierre Duquette, Catherine Larochelle, Raed Alroughani, Roberto Bergamaschi, Patrizia Sola, Diana Ferraro, Pierre Grammond, Francois Grand’ Maison, Murat Terzi, Cavit Boz, Raymond Hupperts, Helmut Butzkueven, Eugenio Pucci, Franco Granella, Vincent Van Pesch, Aysun Soysal, Bassem I. Yamout, Jeannette Lechner-Scott, Daniele LA Spitaleri, Radek Ampapa, Recai Turkoglu, Gerardo Iuliano, Cristina Ramo-Tello, Jose Luis Sanchez-Menoyo, Youssef Sidhom, Riadh Gouider, Vahid Shaygannejad, Julie Prevost, Ayse Altintas, Yara Dadalti Fragoso, Pamela Ann McCombe, Thor Petersen, Mark Slee, Michael H Barnett, Steve Vucic, Anneke Van Der Walt and Tomas Kalincik in Multiple Sclerosis Journal
Pharmacological basis for use of calcium antagonists in hypertension. (1989)

Many different classification systems for Ca2+ antagonists were proposed. They are mostly based on structural aspects or profiles of biological activity. 1,4-dihydropyridines, with Ca2+ channel antagonistic activity, including nifedipine and nitrendipine, are highly effective as antihypertensive agents. Although Ca2+ antagonists have multiple sites of antihypertensive action, their main mechanism of action is inhibition of Ca2+ entry into the vascular smooth muscle cells. Ca2+ channel antagonists bind to specific receptors at Ca2+ channels and stabilize the channels in a mode unavailable for opening. Their effect is enhanced by depolarization of the cell membrane. Currently used pharmacological methods for detection of Ca2+ antagonistic action of drugs include: (1) inhibition of 45Ca2(+)-uptake; (2) displacement of [3H]nitrendipine from isolated membranes, and (3) inhibition of Ca2+ current in single cells or channels. Ca2+ antagonists were reported to prevent hypertension-induced vascular changes and other vascular pathology, probably related to Ca2+ overload. Vascular lesions in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats and in spontaneously hypertensive rats were prevented by chronic administration of nifedipine or nitrendipine. Hemodynamic effects of Ca2+ antagonists are characterized by reduction in total peripheral vascular resistance, increase in cardiac output, reduction in systemic left ventricular end-diastolic, pulmonary arterial and capillary wedge pressures. Ca2+ antagonists differ in potency, duration of action and their therapeutic ratios. DHPs enhance sympathetic tone and have little or no negative dromotropic action. They are, therefore, safer in combination with beta-adrenoceptor antagonists than either verapamil or diltiazem. In comparison with other Ca2+ antagonists nitrendipine is highly potent as a vasodilator. As a negative inotropic agent, it is, however, less potent than either verapamil or nifedipine. Nitrendipine has, therefore, a better therapeutic ratio than some of the other well-known Ca2+ antagonists. Unlike older vasodilators, e.g. hydralazine and minoxidil, Ca2+ antagonists have diuretic properties which are primarily due to inhibition of tubular reabsorption of salt and water. Under certain experimental conditions, e.g. infusion of angiotensin II, DHPs can increase GFR. Nitrendipine has also renal cytoprotective activity. It protected rats from aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity and antagonized proliferative glomerular changes in nephritic rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Lipid Peroxidation Products Influence Calpain-1 Functionality In Vitro by Covalent Binding (2023)

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of lipid peroxidation products, malondialdehyde (MDA), hexenal, and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), on calpain-1 function, and liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identification of adducts on calpain-1. Calpain-1 activity slightly increased after incubation with 100 μM MDA but not with 500 and 1000 μM MDA. However, calpain-1 activity was lowered by hexenal and HNE at 100, 500, and 1000 μM. No difference in calpain-1 autolysis was observed between the control and 1000 μM MDA. However, 1000 μM hexenal and HNE treatments slowed the calpain-1 autolysis. Adducts of MDA were detected on glutamine, arginine, lysine, histidine, and asparagine residues via Schiff base formation, while HNE adducts were detected on histidine, lysine, glutamine, and asparagine residues via Michael addition. These results are the first to demonstrate that lipid peroxidation products can impact calpain-1 activity in a concentration-dependent manner and may impact the development of meat tenderness postmortem.
Exercise increases caudate dopamine release and ventral striatal activation in Parkinson's disease (2019)

Aerobic exercise alters the responsivity of the ventral striatum, likely related to changes to the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway, and increases evoked dopamine release in the caudate nucleus. This suggests that the therapeutic benefits of exercise are in part related to corticostriatal plasticity and enhanced dopamine release. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Regulation of the voltage-insensitive step of HERG activation by extracellular pH (2010)

Human ether-à-go-go-related gene (HERG, Kv11.1, KCNH2) voltage-gated K(+) channels dominate cardiac action potential repolarization. In addition, HERG channels play a role in neuronal and smooth cell excitability as well as cancer pathology. Extracellular pH (pH(o)) is modified during myocardial ischemia, inflammation, and respiratory alkalosis, so understanding the response of HERG channels to changes in pH is of clinical significance. The relationship between pH(o) and HERG channel gating appears complex. Acidification has previously been reported to speed, slow, or have no effect on activation. We therefore undertook comprehensive analysis of the effect of pH(o) on HERG channel activation. HERG channels have unique and complex activation gating characteristics with both voltage-sensitive and voltage-insensitive steps in the activation pathway. Acidosis decreased the activation rate, suppressed peak current, and altered the sigmoidicity of gating near threshold potentials. At positive voltages, where the voltage-insensitive transition is rate limiting, pH(o) modified the voltage-insensitive step with a pK(a) similar to that of histidine. Hill coefficient analysis was incompatible with a coefficient of 1 but was well described by a Hill coefficient of 4. We derived a pH(o)-sensitive term for a five-state Markov model of HERG channel gating. This model demonstrates the mechanism of pH(o) sensitivity in HERG channel activation. Our experimental data and mathematical model demonstrate that the pH(o) sensitivity of HERG channel activation is dominated by the pH(o) sensitivity of the voltage-insensitive step, in a fashion that is compatible with the presence of at least one proton-binding site on each subunit of the channel tetramer.
Edasalonexent, an NF-kB Inhibitor, Slows Longer-Term Disease Progression on Multiple Functional and MRI Assessments Compared to Control Period in 4 to 7-Year Old Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (S51.006) (2019)

Edasalonexent is an orally administered small molecule inhibiting NF-kB under development for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
Online Topic-aware Influence Maximization Queries (2014)

Influence maximization is the key algorithmic problem behind viral marketing: it requires to identify a set of influential users in a social network, who, when convinced to adopt a product, shall influence other users in the network, leading to a large number of adoptions. Although real world users evidently have di↵erent degrees of interest and authoritativeness on di↵erent topics, the bulk of the literature on influence maximization is topic-blind, in the sense that it treats all items as they were the same. In this paper we study Topic-aware Influence Maximization (TIM) queries: given a directed social graph, where the arcs are associated with a topic-dependent user-to-user social influence strength, and given a budget k, the problem requires to find a set of k users (named seed set) that we shall target in a viral marketing campaign for a given new item (described as a distribution over topics) in order to maximize its adoption. Our goal is to answer such queries in milliseconds, thus enabling online social influence analytics, what-if simulation, and marketing decision making. The main challenge here is the enormous number of potential queries: any possible distribution over the topic space (i.e., any possible item) induces a di↵erent probabilistic graph, and thus a di↵erent instance of the standard influence maximization problem, for which eciency and scalability are still unsolved problems. Given these computational challenges, we propose to build an index over pre-computed solutions for a limited number of possible queries. Our proposal, INFLEX, employs a treebased index for similarity search with Bregman divergences, to eciently retrieve a good-enough set of neighbor points for the query item. Then it performs rank aggregation on their seed sets to produce the final answer to the query. Experimental results on real data show that INFLEX can provide in few milliseconds a solution very similar (Kendall⌧ distance < 0.1) to the one produced by the best known o✏ine computation (which usually takes several days).
Single-frequency Q-switched erbium-doped fiber ring laser by combination of a distributed Bragg reflector laser and a Mach-Zender interferometer (2003)

A single-frequency Q-switched erbium-doped fiber ring laser is implemented for producing a single frequency with 25-Mhz laser linewidth, Q-switched pulses with a high peak power at 1557.5 mm. The single longitudinal mode is selected by a distributed Bragg reflector fiber laser, and a fiberoptic Mach-Zehnder interferometer acts as a Q-switch. The peak power and the average power of the Q-switched pulses vary with the repetition rate.
Charging of electric vehicles and demand response management in a Singaporean car park (2014)

Uncontrolled charging of electric vehicles can affect the power system operation and stability. In cities with high population density and with short driving distances like Singapore, car parks bear a high proportion of private vehicles most of the day. These car parks can be regarded as aggregators and control the charging process. Demand response could be used by the car park operators as an additional source of revenue and thus help offset the high installation costs. This paper investigates different charging strategies and demand response management possibilities within a specific car park. Data for arrival times and parking durations are obtained using available statistical information, charging of individual electric vehicles is controlled by the car park operator and effects of demand response management on the total charging cost of the system is analysed.
Some Factors Affecting the Catches of Lepidoptera in Light Traps (1963)

Abstract By comparing the number of moths caught in box-type traps, attractant light sources can be arranged in the following order of efficiency: 15-watt fluorescent rubes emitting ultraviolet and visible light &gt; 15-watt fluorescent tubes emitting cool white light ≥ germicidal rubes behind glass &gt; 15-watt fluorescent tubes emitting ultraviolet but little visible light ≥ 100-watt mercury-vapour bulbs emitting ultraviolet but little visible light. Noctuoid and large geometroid ( sent . lat .) moths discriminate between these light sources on the basis of their spectral content, but pyraloids, other small microlepidoptera and some geometroids probably do not. Pyraloid moths escaped in significant numbers from traps with normal apertures (13/4-inch), after sunrise. They freely entered traps with narrow apertures (1/2-inch) but these traps caught fewer large moths.
Molecular Genetics of Myelin Basic Protein (2023)

This chapter reviews how the recent application of molecular biological techniques to the study of myelination significantly increased our knowledge of Myelin Basic Protein (MBP) structure and expression. The MBP gene has been mapped to a defined chromosomal location and specific mutations in the MBP gene have been shown to cause profound disruption of the process of myelination. MBP is a major myelin protein in both the CNS and the PNS. Expression of the MBP promoter-Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase (CAT) constructs is correctly initiated in these transient expression assays, and transient CAT expression parallels that of the endogenous MBP gene. These transfection studies thus suggest that there are cell-specific trans-acting factors. Rodent and human myelin contain a family of related MBP isoforms, each produced by alternative splicing of a primary MBP message transcribed from a single MBP gene.
[CD38 and autism spectrum disorders]. (2013)

We have demonstrated that CD38, a transmembrane protein with ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity, plays a critical role in mouse social behavior by regulating the release of oxytocin (OXT), which is essential for mutual recognition. When CD38 was disrupted, social amnesia was observed in Cd38 knockout mice. We investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human CD38 gene in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients. The SNP rs3796863 (A>C) was associated with high-functioning autism (HFA) in American samples. Although this finding was partially confirmed in low-functioning autism subjects in Israel, it has not been replicated in Japanese HFA subjects. The second SNP of interest, rs1800561 (4693C>T), leads to the substitution of an arginine (R) at codon 140 by tryptophan (W;R140W) in CD38. This mutation was found in 4 probands of ASD and in family members of 3 pedigrees with variable levels of ASD or ASD traits. The plasma levels of OXT in ASD subjects with the R140W allele were lower than those in ASD subjects lacking this allele. One proband with the R140W allele receiving intranasal OXT for approximately 3 years showed improvement in areas of social approach, eye contact and communication behaviors, emotion, irritability, and aggression. Five other ASD subjects with mental deficits received nasal OXT for various periods;three subjects showed improved symptoms, while 2 showed little or no effect. These results suggest that SNPs in CD38 may be risk factors for ASD by abrogating the OXT function, and that some ASD subjects can be treated with OXT in preliminary clinical trials.
Decision Making with Cardiac Troponin Tests (2002)

After the loss of integrity of cardiac myocyte membranes, intracellular macromolecules (cardiac biologic markers) diffuse into the cardiac interstitium, lymphatics, and microvasculature; eventually, they are detected in the peripheral circulation. The release kinetics of the various cardiac biologic markers depend in part on their location in the myocyte, their molecular weight, and the route by which they are cleared from the circulation. Cardiac-specific troponins are useful not only because they come close to fulfilling many of the criteria for an ideal biologic marker, but also because they convey prognostic information and can help frame therapeutic decisions regarding patients with acute . . .