gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis andin vitroantimicrobial activity of novelN-(6-chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl) hydrazine carboxamide derivatives of benzothiazole class (2010)

In this study, a series of novel 1,2,4-triazolo-[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (6a-g) and 1,3,4-oxadiazole (7a-g, 8) were synthesized from N-(6-chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl) hydrazine carboxamide derivatives of benzothiazole class. Antimicrobial properties of the title compound derivatives were investigated against one Gram (+) bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), three Gram (-) bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae) and five fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Monascus purpureus and Penicillium citrinum) using serial plate dilution method. The investigation of antibacterial and antifungal screening data revealed that all the tested compounds showed moderate to good inhibition at 12.5-100 µg/mL in DMSO. It has been observed that triazolo-thiadiazole derivatives are found to be more active than 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives against all pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains.
Low-Cost Reconfigurable Control System for Small UAVs (2009)

A case study of an open-source low-cost reconfigurable autopilot design for small unmanned aerial vehicles (the Remotely operated Aerial Model Autopilot (RAMA) control system) is presented in this paper. A novel distributed hierarchical architecture, implementing graceful degradation and run-time system reconfiguration techniques, is introduced. RAMA is capable of reconfiguration in case of emergency, meaning that the most critical functions, needed for vehicle controllability, can be taken over by another node of the system if the primary node fails, sacrificing some noncritical functionality. RAMA also utilizes a novel control scheme and controller implementation. Some of the results, obtained during several hundred test flights performed so far, are presented at the end.
THE EFFECT OF APATITE II™ ON THE BIODEGRADATION OF TNT AND PERCHLORATE IN CONTAMINATED SOIL SAMPLES (2005)

Soil found on military gunnery ranges, old battle field sites, or ammunition repositories poses a hazardous threat to the environment and humans because it may be contaminated with 2,4,6-Trinitroluene (TNT) and perchlorate. The purpose of this research was to investigate the use of microorganisms to degrade TNT and perchlorate, and to examine the biodegradative enhancement with a fishbone-based nutrient source known as Apatite II. Tests consisted of column flow-through experiments in which influent and effluent samples were tested for TNT and perchlorate concentrations. The columns were amended with a combination of Apatite II, and a previously isolated TNT-degrading fungal strain which had the same ribosomal DNA sequence as Penicillium spinulosum (based on 561 nucleotide bases). When 10 ppm TNT was amended over a period of 16 months, HPLC analyses showed that during column flows with a 45-minute retention time, soil-only columns, soil + Apatite columns and soil + Apatite + fungal inoculum resulted in 47%, 69% and 95% of the TNT degraded. When 1 ppm perchlorate was amended to the columns, TNT degradation was unaffected, and perchlorate degradation followed the same trends of TNT degradation: that is, perchlorate degradation was stimulated synergistically by the presence of Apatite and the fungal inoculum. Experimental results clearly indicated that the Apatite II stimulated biodegradation of TNT and perchlorate, especially when combined with the TNT-degrading fungus, and that the Apatite II material maintains biodegradation for lengthy periods of time.
The source of a problem with rapid-scanning fourier transform spectroscopy (1983)

In this paper, a difficulty with rapid-scanning interferometers will be discussed. By “rapid-scanning interferometer” is meant one which uses no chopper or lock-in amplifier in the data-acquisition system. Instead, the moving mirror is scanned at a constant velocity, making the infrared intensity at the detector be modulated in the audio frequency range. The signal from the detector is amplified by a broadband amplifier and digitized for later processing by a computer. This technique has advantages over the “step and integrate” procedure insofar as simplicity of interferometer drive, noise reduction, and suppression of long-term drifts in source or detector are concerned.
Alternating copolymerization of ethylene and 1‐octene with meso‐[dimethylsilylbis(2‐methyl‐1‐indenyl)]zirconium dichloride‐methylaluminoxane as catalyst system (1997)

Abstract Copolymerizations of ethylene and α‐olefins with homogeneous metallocene catalysts generally give the corresponding random copolymers with narrow molecular mass distributions. In this study, we have conducted the copolymerization of ethylene and 1‐octene with the meso ‐Me 2 Si(2‐Me‐1‐Ind) 2 ZrCl 2 ‐methylaluminoxane (MAO) catalyst system, and analyzed the microstructure of the resulting copolymers in detail. The content of the alternating [EO] sequence increases markedly with an increase in the feed ratio of 1‐octene to ethylene, reaching over 95% under appropriate copolymerization conditions. We have thus succeeded in preparing the first sample of alternating olefin copolymers.
Sensor Modalities and Fusion for Robust Indoor Localisation (2019)

The importance of accurate and efficient positioning and tracking is widely understood. However, there is a pressing lack of progress in the standardisation of methods, as well as generalised framework of their evaluation. The aim of this survey is to discuss the currently prevalent and emerging t
Environmental effects on optical component aging (2003)

The optical performances of components exposed to high power laser beams during long periods are generally decreasing with time. We analyze surface modifications that occur after some hundreds of hours at a fluence of 0.5 kW/cm<sup>2</sup> to 10 kW/cm<sup>2</sup>. The results obtained with two dedicated test benches over thousands of hours are discussed. Exposition of tens of components has been achieved in the multi-component bench to simulate real optical systems and to acquire statistical confidence in the results. The single component bench allows continuous measurements of the surface temperature and of the scattered light. These measurements show how these beamprints can lead to the surface destruction. We investigate the effects of the beam fluence, the laser wavelength and the chamber pressure. Experiments at two wavelengths have shown that the deposition rate and the surface absorption increase with decreasing wavelength. The efficiency of oxygen in reducing the contamination speed has been investigated using absorption mappings. Laser cleaned surface absorptions are comparable to initial measurements, showing that damage did not occur. ESCA analysis of the beamprints showed that a few nanometers carbon layer has been implanted.
Renewable Ethanol Use for Enabling High Load Clean Combustion in a Diesel Engine (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;As a renewable energy source, the ethanol fuel was employed with a diesel fuel in this study to improve the cylinder charge homogeneity for high load operations, targeting on ultra-low nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke emissions. A light-duty diesel engine is configured to adapt intake port fuelling of the ethanol fuel while keeping all other original engine components intact. High load experiments are performed to investigate the combustion control and low emission enabling without sacrificing the high compression ratio (18.2:1). The intake boost, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and injection pressure are independently controlled, and thus their effects on combustion and emission characteristics of the high load operation are investigated individually. The low temperature combustion is accomplished at high engine load (16~17 bar IMEP) with regulation compatible NOx and soot emissions. The test results also indicate that use of renewable ethanol alleviates the dependence on intake boost, EGR and injection pressure for low temperature combustion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Raman probing of competitive laser heating and local recrystallization effect in ZnO nanocrystals (2012)

The competitive laser-induced local heating and recrystallization effects in ZnO nanocrystals embedded in a MgO/ZnO stack are reported via resonance Raman spectra. The dependence of the intensity, energy, and resonance effects of the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon on laser excitation condition are discussed in the context of Fröhlich interaction. Redistribution of defects, impurity-diffusion, and grain regrowth caused by thermal and photochemical effects lead to significant changes in coupling strength of electron-phonon interaction, and the resonance behaviors are strongly affected by the interplay of local heating, heat trapping, and local structural modification in such nanostructures.
Cyclic RGD and isoDGR Integrin Ligands Containing cis-2-amino-1-cyclopentanecarboxylic (cis-β-ACPC) Scaffolds (2020)

Integrin ligands containing the tripeptide sequences Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and <i>iso</i>-Asp-Gly- Arg (<i>iso</i>DGR) were actively investigated as inhibitors of tumor angiogenesis and directing unit in tumor-targeting drug conjugates. Reported herein is the synthesis, of two RGD and one <i>iso</i>DGR cyclic peptidomimetics containing (1<i>S</i>,2<i>R</i>) and (1<i>R</i>,2<i>S</i>) <i>cis</i>-2-amino-1-cyclopentanecarboxylic acid (<i>cis</i>-β-ACPC), using a mixed solid phase/solution phase synthetic protocol. The three ligands were examined in vitro in competitive binding assays to the purified α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> and α<sub>5</sub>β<sub>1</sub> receptors using biotinylated vitronectin (α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>) and fibronectin (α<sub>5</sub>β<sub>1</sub>) as natural displaced ligands. The IC50 values of the ligands ranged from nanomolar (the two RGD ligands) to micromolar (the isoDGR ligand) with a pronounced selectivity for α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> over α<sub>5</sub>β<sub>1</sub>. In vitro cell adhesion assays were also performed using the human skin melanoma cell line WM115 (rich in integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>). The two RGD ligands showed IC<sub>50</sub> values in the same micromolar range as the reference compound (<i>cyclo</i>[RGDfV]), while for the <i>iso</i>DGR derivative an IC<sub>50</sub> value could not be measured for the cell adhesion assay. A conformational analysis of the free RGD and <i>iso</i>DGR ligands by NMR (VT-NMR and NOESY experiments) and computational studies (MC/EM and MD), followed by docking simulations performed in the α<sub>V</sub>β<sub>3</sub> integrin active site, provided a rationale for the behavior of these ligands toward the receptor.
Resampling of data between arbitrary grids using convolution interpolation (1999)

For certain medical applications resampling of data is required. In magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) or computer tomography (CT), e.g., data may be sampled on nonrectilinear grids in the Fourier domain. For the image reconstruction a convolution-interpolation algorithm, often called gridding, can be applied for resampling of the data onto a rectilinear grid. Resampling of data from a rectilinear onto a nonrectilinear grid are needed, e.g., if projections of a given rectilinear data set are to be obtained. In this paper we introduce the application of the convolution interpolation for resampling of data from one arbitrary grid onto another. The basic algorithm can be split into two steps. First, the data are resampled from the arbitrary input grid onto a rectilinear grid and second, the rectilinear data is resampled onto the arbitrary output grid. Furthermore, we like to introduce a new technique to derive the sampling density function needed for the first step of our algorithm. For fast, sampling-pattern-independent determination of the sampling density function the Voronoi diagram of the sample distribution is calculated. The volume of the Voronoi cell around each sample is used as a measure for the sampling density. It is shown that the introduced resampling technique allows fast resampling of data between arbitrary grids. Furthermore, it is shown that the suggested approach to derive the sampling density function is suitable even for arbitrary sampling patterns. Examples are given in which the proposed technique has been applied for the reconstruction of data acquired along spiral, radial, and arbitrary trajectories and for the fast calculation of projections of a given rectilinearly sampled image.
Supplementary Figures 1-2 from Evaluation of Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Tumor DNA in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Association with Clinical Endpoints in a Phase II Clinical Trial of Pertuzumab and Erlotinib (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 337K&lt;/p&gt;
Magnetostriction constants of sputtered FeTaN single crystal thin films (1996)

FeTaN single crystal thin films were grown to investigate the dependence of the magnetostriction constants, /spl lambda//sub 100/ and /spl lambda//sub 111/ on nitrogen content. Films with 5 wt.% Ta and different nitrogen contents were prepared by dc sputtering on MgO (100) substrates at elevated temperatures. The films' principal orientation with respect to the substrate were (100)/spl par/(100) and [100]/spl par/[110] with a small fraction of (221)/spl par/(100) due to twinning. The values of |/spl lambda//sub 100/| and |/spl lambda//sub 111/| relative to pure Fe decreased by a factor of /spl sim/2 to a minimum near 2 at% nitrogen and then slowly increased at higher nitrogen content. The saturation magnetostriction calculated for a polycrystalline material using the measured values of /spl lambda//sub 100/ and /spl lambda//sub 111/ shows a considerable discrepancy at higher nitrogen content with published experimental data.
Clinical Significance of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Associated Markers in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (2014)

Epithelioid tumors with aggressive behavior have been reported; however, the epithelioid type of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has a less aggressive behavior. Few studies have evaluated the prognostic value of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in MPM. We hypothesized that mesenchymal characteristics might predominate in the tumors. Tumor specimens were collected from 33 consecutive patients. We analyzed the EMT expression levels in tumor samples by an immunohistochemical analysis. Positive expression of E-cadherin, γ-catenin, vimentin, fibronectin, Twist and YB-1 was observed in 25, 14, 21, 1, 19 and 18 patients, respectively. No significant association between these markers and the clinicopathological characteristics was found. γ-Catenin demonstrated a trend towards decreased expression in sarcomatoid tumors compared to epithelioid tumors. On the other hand, a trend was noted towards higher expression of vimentin, Twist and YB-1 in sarcomatoid tumors. The survival curves demonstrated that the patients with negative γ-catenin and positive Twist staining had a tendency to have a worse prognosis. Although the individual proteins might not significantly affect the progression of MPM, the combination of γ-catenin and Twist staining can predict the prognosis of patients with MPM.
Functionally linear decomposition and synthesis of logic circuits for FPGAs (2008)

This paper presents a novel logic synthesis method to reduce the area of XOR-based logic functions. The idea behind the synthesis method is to exploit linear dependency between logic sub-functions to create an implementation based on an XOR relationship with a lower area overhead. Experiments conducted on a set of 99 MCNC benchmark (25 XOR based, 74 non-XOR) circuits show that this approach provides an average of 18.8% area reduction as compared to BDS-PGA 2.0 and 25% area reduction as compared to ABC for XOR-based logic circuits.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Perfluoroalkylvinyl Alkyl Ethers. (1989)

Abstract The title compounds (III), valuable intermediates in the preparation of e.g. heterocycles or dyes, are prepared by a novel and effective two‐step procedure: in the presence of a Pd catalyst the perfluoroalkyl iodides (I) add to the vinyl ethers (II) and subsequent elimination of HI from these adducts yields the desired products (III) as mixtures of cis and trans isomers.
The Use of Releasable Sutures in Molteno Glaucoma Implant Procedures to Reduce Postoperative Hypotony (1991)

We used releasable sutures to minimize immediate postoperative hypotony and flat anterior chamber in 19 cases of refractory glaucoma requiring insertion of a single-plate Molteno implant in a one-stage procedure. A slip knot using 7-0 nylon suture was fashioned around the Molteno tube under a lamellar scleral flap. In 18 of the 19 eyes, anterior chamber depth was normal immediately after surgery.
A unified approach for the analysis and design of robust adaptive control systems (2002)

This paper has two major objectives. The first is to present a unified approach to analyze various types of discrete and continuous time invariant/varying robust adaptive control systems. The approach also provides a general guideline for the design of robust adaptive controllers. The essential tool of analysis is the inductive technique. The second aim is to further develop the existing robust adaptive control theory. With the proposed unified approach, all the assumptions related to the a priori knowledge of modelling errors, which is required for the design and implementation of some existing robust adaptive controllers, can be removed. Also, the class of modelling errors including unmodelled dynamics and bounded external disturbances is enlarged in the sense that a looser bound can be allowed in the stability analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Neutral, Seven‐Coordinate Dioxime Complexes of Technetium(III): Synthesis and Characterization. (1990)

Abstract Both the tin‐capped complex (IV) (via (V) as intermediate) and the uncapped complex (V) (and their cyclohexanedione dioxime analogues) can be converted into the previously reported boron‐capped complexes (VII).
Selective solid‐phase extraction of metal for water decontamination (2015)

ABSTRACT Metal‐contaminated industrial effluent is a major concern for human health. Therefore, the removal of metal is of primary importance. In this study, metals were selectively extracted from water. Selective metal recovery was studied with a crown‐ether‐based polymer, wherein the selectivity was observed for strontium over lead. Parameters influencing the metal recovery, such as the contact time, adsorbent dosage, and metal‐ion concentration, were evaluated. Interestingly, the adsorption rate of strontium was exponentially increased for the initial 4 h, and lead was adsorbed exponentially after 6 h. Notably, 98% strontium adsorption and 64% lead adsorption were obtained in 24 h. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was in good agreement and demonstrated that the reactive sites of the adsorbent were homogeneous with monolayer metal adsorption with an adsorbent. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm was not obeyed by both metals. The pseudo‐first‐order and pseudo‐second‐order kinetics indicated that strontium was adsorbed by chemisorption and lead was adsorbed by physisorption. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 132 , 42849.
Capacity Planning for Virtualized Servers (2006)

Today&amp;apos;s data centres offer many different IT services mostly hosted on dedicated physical servers. Virtualization provides a technical means for server consolidation leading to increased server utilization. The term refers to the abstraction of computing resources across many aspects of computing and has been used to describe different techniques. Virtualization engines allow hosting multiple virtual servers (including operating system plus applications) on a single physical server, and sometimes to migrate and dynamically allocate these virtual servers to physical servers on demand. This allows for much flexibility in capacity management. This article presents a number of capacity planning problems in the presence of virtualized IT infrastructures and decision models to allocate these virtual servers optimally. Based on a data set of CPU traces from a data centre provider, we present the results of experiments using different problem formulations. 1
LOW-COST WIND TUNNEL FOR AEROSOL INHALATION STUDIES (1992)

A low-cost wind tunnel for aerosol studies has been designed, constructed, and evaluated for aerosol uniformity with 2- and 0.46-micron particles. A commercial nebulizer was used to produce the suspended test particles, and a custom-made, four-hole injector was used to introduce the aerosol into the wind tunnel. A commercially available optical particle counter measured the particle concentration. Performance tests of the velocity profile and particle concentration distribution at two flow rates showed that the system performs well for small particles.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Peptides: Production and Implementation of Functional Food (2009)

In recent decades, the most successful strategy for controlling blood pressure has been inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). ACE inhibitors of chemical synthesis (captopril, enalapril, ramipril and trandolapril) have been widely used clinically to reduce mortality in patients with heart failure, and in patients with recent myocardial infarction and heart failure or marked left ventricular dysfunction. In addition to preventive and therapeutic drugs, increased attention has been paid to identifying dietary compounds that may contribute to cardiovascular treatment and prevention. ACE inhibitory peptides, derived from a multitude of plant and animal proteins such as milk, soy or fish, represent sources of health-enhancing components. These ACE inhibitory peptides can be enzymatically released from precursor proteins in vitro and in vivo, respectively during food processing and gastrointestinal digestion. They have shown the ability to lower blood pressure by limiting the vasoconstrictory effects of Angiotensin II and potentiating the vasodilatory effects of Bradykinin. By using specific procedures they may be generated in or incorporated into functional foods for the development of 'natural' beneficial health products. Several products containing peptides with ACE inhibitory properties are currently on the market or in development. This review focuses on the use, application and future perspective of bioactive peptides with properties relevant to cardiovascular health.
Ageing and apoE change DHA homeostasis: relevance to age-related cognitive decline (2013)

Epidemiological studies fairly convincingly suggest that higher intakes of fatty fish and n-3 fatty acids are associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). DHA in plasma is normally positively associated with DHA intake. However, despite being associated with lower fish and DHA intake, unexpectedly, plasma (or brain) DHA is frequently not lower in AD. This review will highlight some metabolic and physiological factors such as ageing and apoE polymorphism that influence DHA homeostasis. Compared with young adults, blood DHA is often slightly but significantly higher in older adults without any age-related cognitive decline. Higher plasma DHA in older adults could be a sign that their fish or DHA intake is higher. However, our supplementation and carbon-13 tracer studies also show that DHA metabolism, e.g. transit through the plasma, apparent retroconversion and β-oxidation, is altered in healthy older compared with healthy young adults. ApoE4 increases the risk of AD, possibly in part because it too changes DHA homeostasis. Therefore, independent of differences in fish intake, changing DHA homeostasis may tend to obscure the relationship between DHA intake and plasma DHA which, in turn, may contribute to making older adults more susceptible to cognitive decline despite older adults having similar or sometimes higher plasma DHA than in younger adults. In conclusion, recent development of new tools such as isotopically labelled DHA to study DHA metabolism in human subjects highlights some promising avenues to evaluate how and why DHA metabolism changes during ageing and AD.