gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Different Minimal Signal Peptide Lengths Recognized by the Archaeal Prepilin-Like Peptidases FlaK and PibD (2009)

In Archaea, the preflagellin peptidase (a type IV prepilin-like peptidase designated FlaK in Methanococcus voltae and Methanococcus maripaludis) is the enzyme that cleaves the N-terminal signal peptide from preflagellins. In methanogens and several other archaeal species, the typical flagellin signal peptide length is 11 to 12 amino acids, while in other archaea preflagellins possess extremely short signal peptides. A systematic approach to address the signal peptide length requirement for preflagellin processing is presented in this study. M. voltae preflagellin FlaB2 proteins with signal peptides 3 to 12 amino acids in length were generated and used as a substrate in an in vitro assay utilizing M. voltae membranes as an enzyme source. Processing by FlaK was observed in FlaB2 proteins containing signal peptides shortened to 5 amino acids; signal peptides 4 or 3 amino acids in length were unprocessed. In the case of Sulfolobus solfataricus, where the preflagellin peptidase PibD has broader substrate specificity, some predicted substrates have predicted signal peptides as short as 3 amino acids. Interestingly, the shorter signal peptides of the various mutant FlaB2 proteins not processed by FlaK were processed by PibD, suggesting that some archaeal preflagellin peptidases are likely adapted toward cleaving shorter signal peptides. The functional complementation of signal peptidase activity by FlaK and PibD in an M. maripaludis DeltaflaK mutant indicated that processing of preflagellins was detected by complementation with either FlaK or PibD, yet only FlaK-complemented cells were flagellated. This suggested that a block in an assembly step subsequent to signal peptide removal occurred in the PibD complementation.
Switching between Elasticity and Plasticity by Network Strength Competition (2019)

Switching a material between highly elastic and plastic would be of great use in many fields but has proven to be extremely challenging. Here, the use of mechanical strength competition between two networks in a hybrid material is reported to switch between elasticity and plasticity. In a gel material composed of an elastic polymer network and a shear-thinning nanofiber network, the excellent elasticity of the gel is demonstrated when the former is stronger than the latter. In contrast, the gel exhibits an extraordinary plasticity, which can be stretched to form a permanent anisotropic and tough gel due to the orientation of the nanofibers. The mechanical strength of each network can be simply tuned by adjusting either the crosslinking density or the loading of the nanofibers. This work may open a window to transform a material between superior elastic and plastic, which is useful for the development of adaptable materials.
Coomaraswamy, Vols. I-III edited by Roger Lipsey (Bollingen Series, Princeton University Press; Vol. I, 560 pp., $30.00; Vol. II, 464 pp., $30.00; Vol. III, 400 pp., $17.50) (1978)

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Bacillus subtilis (DSM17299) significantly reduces Salmonella in broilers (2011)

Salmonella continues to be a major public health burden worldwide. Poultry are known to be one of the main reservoirs for this zoonotic pathogen. It has previously been shown that a single dose of Bacillus subtilis reduces fecal shedding of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, whereas no effect on long-term colonization of the cecum has been observed. Here we report experiments that were undertaken to test the efficacy of a conventional diet supplemented with a probiotic (B. subtilis DSM17299) on 1) Salmonella colonization in the intestinal tract of broiler chickens, and 2) fecal shedding of Salmonella under production-like conditions. The trial birds fed the B. subtilis diet showed a significant 58% reduction in Salmonella-positive drag swabs compared with control birds, which had 100% presence of Salmonella. Feeding B. subtilis significantly reduced the average Salmonella load of cecum samples of the chickens, by 3 log units. This reduction in Salmonella colonization might not only positively affect broilers on the live production side by reducing the risk of infection between birds, but could also aid on the processing side by decreasing the amount of Salmonella entering the facility and improving food safety. Furthermore, numerical, but not statistically significant, improvements in feed conversion rate and BW gain at d 42 were observed in the B. subtilis-treated group compared with control birds.
Performance Analysis of Short Range Inter-Vehicle DS/CDMA Communication System (2000)

In this paper, short range IVC(Inter-Vehicle Communication) channel is modeled in three kinds considering rain attenuation and oxygen absorption. And the performance of DS/CDMA communication system in one path Rician model suitable for platton driving which is the final goal of AVHS(Advanced Vehicle & Highway System) is analyzed. Also, the reflection coefficients in 60 GHz is calculated. For the performance improvement both BCH channel coding and MRC diversity reception technique are adopted. The BER performance is evaluated as a function of packet length, Rician depth and the distance between vehicles.
Attention funnel (2006)

The attention funnel is a general purpose AR interface technique that interactively guides the attention of a user to any object, person, or place in space. The technique utilizes dynamic perceptual affordances to draw user attention "down" the funnel to the target location. Attention funnel can be used to cue objects completely out of sight including objects behind the user, or occluded by other objects or walls.An experiment evaluating user performance with the attention funnel and other conventional AR attention directing techniques found that the attention funnel increased the consistency of the user's search by 65%, increased search speed by 22%, and decreased mental workload by 18%. The attention funnel has potential applicability as a general 3D cursor or cue in a wide array of spatially enabled mobile and AR systems, and for applications where systems can support users in visual search, object awareness, and emergency warning in indoor and outdoor spaces.
CUBES: prototyping the high efficiency UV transmission grating (2022)

The development of a small size prototype of a UV-grating for the CUBES instrument of ESO’s VLT is presented. It has a line density of 3600 l/mm and is manufactured on a fused-silica substrate using electron-beam lithography, reactive ion etching and atomic layer deposition. In the ideal case the grating has a pure lamellar profile with a groove width in the range of 100nm only. To achieve a high polarization independent diffraction efficiency the grating depth is required to be in the range of 700nm and the duty cycle needs to be met with an accuracy in the nm-range. To achieve this high aspect ratio with sufficient accuracy a trimming process based on a conformal overcoating by ALD is performed.
Successful Lung Transplantation in an HIV- and HBV-Positive Patient with Cystic Fibrosis (2009)

Prior to the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV-infected patients were usually not considered as transplant candidates because of the poor prognosis of their underlying disease and concerns regarding the potential detrimental effects of immunosuppression on viral load and immune status. However, with the significant HAART-associated improvements in morbidity and mortality, good short-term outcomes after liver and kidney transplantation for patients with HIV infection have been reported. Nevertheless, HIV infection is currently considered a contraindication to lung transplantation in most transplant centers worldwide. The results of a double lung transplant performed in an HIV and HBV co-infected patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) and end-stage respiratory failure (ESRF) are presented after a 2-year follow-up. Approval of and recommendations for the management of this patient were obtained from the Italian National Center for Transplantation as an extension of the ongoing Italian protocol for liver and kidney transplantation in HIV-infected individuals. The operation was successful and the patient recovered rapidly after surgery. A cautious infectious and immunosuppressive management allowed so far the avoidance of major infectious complications and rejection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of lung transplantation in an HIV and HBV co-infected patient.
A Way-Halting Cache for Low-Energy High-Performance Systems (2003)

We have designed a low power four-way setassociativecache that stores the four lowest-order bits of all way’stags into a fully associative memory, which we call the halt tagarray. The comparison of the halt tag array with the desired tagoccurs concurrently with the address decoding that determineswhich tag and data ways to read from. The halt tag array predeterminesmost tags that cannot match due to their low-orderfour bits mismatching. Further accesses to ways with knownmismatching tags are then halted, thus saving power. Our halttag array has the additional feature of using static logic only,rather than dynamic logic used in highly-associative caches,making our cache consumes even less power. Our result shows55% savings of memory access related energy over a conventionalfour-way set-associative cache. We show nearly 2x energy savingscompared with highly associative caches, while imposing noperformance overhead and only 2% cache area overhead.
Dispersion Tailoring and Four-Wave Mixing in Silica Microspheres with Germanosilicate Coating (2021)

Optical whispering gallery mode microresonators with controllable parameters in the telecommunication range are demanded for diverse applications. Controlling group velocity dispersion (GVD) in microresonators is an important problem, as near-zero GVD in a broad wavelength range could contribute to the development of new microresonator-based light sources. We demonstrated theoretically near-zero dispersion tailoring in the SCL-band in combination with free-spectral range (FSR) optimization for FSR = 200 GHz and 300 GHz in silica glass microspheres with micron-scale germanosilicate coating. As an illustration of a possible application of such a GVD, we also performed a theoretical study of degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) processes in the proposed microresonators for pumping in the SCL-band. We found that in some cases the generation of two or even three pairs of waves–satellites in a FWM process is possible in principle due to the specific GVD features. We also determined optimal microresonator configurations for achieving gradual change in the satellite frequency shift for the pump wavelengths in the SCL-, S-, CL-, C-, and L-bands. The maximum obtained FWM satellite tunability span was ~78 THz for a pump wavelength change of ~30 nm, which greatly exceeds the results for a regular silica microsphere without coating.
Boosted Binary Audio Fingerprint Based on Spectral Subband Moments (2007)

An audio fingerprinting system identifies an audio based on a unique feature vector called the audio fingerprint. The performance of an audio fingerprinting system is directly related to the fingerprint that the system uses. To reduce both the DB size and the DB search time, binary fingerprints are often used. However converting a real-valued fingerprint into a binary fingerprint results in loss of information and leads to severe degradation in performance. In this paper, an algorithm known as boosting is used as a binary conversion method which minimizes the degradation. The experimental results showed that the proposed binary audio fingerprint obtained by boosting the spectral subband moments outperformed some of the state-of-the-art binary audio fingerprints in the context of both robustness and pair-wise independence (reliability).
Stormflow behaviour in blanket peat catchments affected by severe wildfire: implications for natural flood management (2020)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The restoration of damaged UK peatlands is a major conservation concern, and landscape-scale restoration is extensive in areas of upland Britain. Peatland headwater catchments are important areas of hillslope runoff production, and over the last decade there has been increasing focus on how restoration schemes can reduce downstream flood risk through natural flood management (NFM). Stormflow in degraded catchments can be incredibly flashy, as water is quickly evacuated from hillslopes across bare peat surfaces and through erosional gullies, but there is increasing evidence that restoration by revegetation and damming of channels can significantly slow the flow of water.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Recent major peatland wildfires in the UK have focused attention on the effects of wildfire and post-wildfire restoration on the hydrology of peatland catchments, but to date, relatively little is known about the effects of wildfire on peatland flood hydrology. Current understanding is largely drawn from process studies, with evidence suggesting that severely burnt peatlands will have flashier hydrograph responses to rainfall events, with higher peak flows relative to unburnt peatlands. This assumption is based on three key factors which promote rapid overland flow: (i) the development of hydrophobic crusts due to high intensity fires, (ii) the clogging of peat pores by ash, and (iii) removal of vegetation cover reducing surface roughness. Further influences on runoff production could result from changes in water table or post-fire peat shrinkage and cracking.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This paper details stormflow characteristics from nine gullies in an area of peatland affected by the high-severity Saddleworth wildfire which burned over 1000 hectares of UK peatland in June and July 2018. This field area is upstream of the community of Stalybridge, which the Environment Agency had highlighted as a priority community at risk of flooding. We compare this behaviour to catchments that were unaffected by the fire. Preliminary findings suggest that the fire affected gullies produce highly variable stormflow behaviour, with some sites producing discharges similar to bare peat sites, while others are more similar to relatively intact catchments. The planned restoration of this area has great potential to provide NFM benefits.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
A practical, highly enantioselective synthesis of the taxol side chain via asymmetric catalysis. (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA practical, highly enantioselective synthesis of the taxol side chain via asymmetric catalysis.Li Deng and Eric N. JacobsenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 15, 4320–4323Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00041a054https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00041a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3949Altmetric-Citations262LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Glycosylation with Glycosyl Sulfonates (2017)

This chapter focuses on the chemistry of the glycosyl sulfonates subsequent to a review that covered the area up to and including the year 2000, to which the reader is referred for earlier work. Early work focused on the synthesis of glycosyl sulfonates by substitution of glycosyl halides with silver sulfonate salts and enabled the formation of a number of such substances and, in the hands of Scheurch and his coworkers, the study of their reactivity toward nucleophiles. The main evidence for glycosyl sulfonates derives from NMR spectroscopy with many glycosyl sulfonates, predominantly triflates. The mechanism of glycosylation reactions is best viewed as an example of the Winstein ion pair formalization of nucleophilic substitution. Triflic-anhydride-activated glycosyl sulfoxides were first applied to the polymer-supported synthesis of oligosaccharides and the parallel synthesis of oligosaccharide libraries, using an acceptor-bound approach, by the Kahne laboratory.
Calcium-calmodulin kinase I cooperatively regulates nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of CCTα by accessing a nuclear export signal (2012)

We identified a new calmodulin kinase I (CaMKI) substrate, cytidyltransferase (CCTα), a crucial enzyme required for maintenance of cell membranes. CCTα becomes activated with translocation from the cytoplasm to the nuclear membrane, resulting in increased membrane phospholipids. Calcium-activated CCTα nuclear import is mediated by binding of its C-terminus to 14-3-3 ζ, a regulator of nuclear trafficking. Here CaMK1 phosphorylates residues within this C-terminus that signals association of CCTα with 14-3-3 ζ to initiate calcium-induced nuclear entry. CaMKI docks within the CCTα membrane-binding domain (residues 290-299), a sequence that displays similarities to a canonical nuclear export signal (NES) that also binds CRM1/exportin 1. Expression of a CFP-CCTα mutant lacking residues 290-299 in cells results in cytosolically retained enzyme. CRM1/exportin 1 was required for CCTα nuclear export, and its overexpression in cells was partially sufficient to trigger CCTα nuclear export despite calcium stimulation. An isolated CFP-290-299 peptide remained in the nucleus in the presence of leptomycin B but was able to target to the cytoplasm with farnesol. Thus CaMKI vies with CRM1/exportin 1 for access to a NES, and assembly of a CaMKI-14-3-3 ζ-CCTα complex is a key effector mechanism that drives nuclear CCTα translocation.
"Bright" and "dark" spin wave envelope solitons in magnetic films (1994)

The properties of "bright" and "dark" spin wave envelope solitons in dielectric magnetic films are analyzed. It is shown that the nonlinear mechanism responsible for spin wave envelope soliton formation in films is a four-wave interaction between linearly excited spin waves. The coefficients of this interaction are calculated in the case of a tangentially magnetized magnetic film by means of classical Hamiltonian formalism for spin waves. Results of this rigorous calculation are compared with the results of the approximate calculation done by means of the "method of envelopes." Durations of "bright" and "dark" magnetostatic wave envelope solitons are calculated and compared to the results of experiments performed in tangentially magnetized yttrium-iron garnet (YIG) films.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dispersion in porous media in oscillatory flow between flat plates: applications to intrathecal, periarterial and paraarterial solute transport in the central nervous system (2019)

In the basement membranes, flow and dispersion are both quasi-steady and enhancement of dispersion is small even if lateral dispersion is reduced by the porous media to achieve maximum enhancement. In the paraarterial space, maximum enhancement R<sub>max</sub> = 73,200 has the potential to be significant. In the SSS, the dispersion is unsteady and the flow is in the transition zone between porous and unsteady. Enhancement is 5.8 times that of molecular diffusion, and grows to a maximum of 1.6E+6 when lateral dispersion is increased. The maximum enhancement produces rostral transport time in agreement with experiments.
<b>DISTRIBUTION AND MOLECULAR FORMS OF PRO-LHRH-RELATED PEPTIDE IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN PORCINE </b><b>BRAIN </b> (1989)

LHRH precursor (proLHRH) is a 69 amino acid peptide in which LHRH is located at the N-terminus followed by a Gly-Lys-Arg sequence and a C-terminal 56 amino acid peptide which has been called gonadotropin-releasing hormone-associated peptide (GAP). The purpose of this report is to describe the development of radioimmunoassays (RIAs) for the N-and C-termini of proLHRH and to characterize the distribution and molecular forms of proLHRH-related peptide immunoreactivity (IR) in porcine brain by using these proLHRH RIAs together with an LHRH assay. The highest concentrations of proLHRH-related peptide-IR were found in pituitary stalk (proLHRH-IR: 0.45i0.02 fmollmg wet weight tissue (wwt), GAP-IR: 39.36i3.75 fmol/mg wwt, LHRH-IR: 353.07i20.83 fmol/mg wwt). The proLHRH-related peptide-IR was also detected in the hypothalamus, posterior pituitary and other brain regions. Three molecular forms of proLHRH-related peptide-IR were identified in hypothalamic and pituitary stalk extracts on Sephadex chromatography. The most predominant form co-eluted with LHRH; the second predominant form eluted at the same position as a 25 K marker protein; and the third form co-eluted with GAP. Chromatography profiles of pituitary stalk extracts did not change when extracts were treated with 8 M urea and 100 mM dithiothreitol. The 25 K immunoreactive form was detected by both the proLHRH Nand C-terminal RIAs, and yielded GAP and GAP(34-56)-like immunoreactivities upon treatment with trypsin. These data suggest that the 25 K form is a precursor for both GAP and LHRH.
Iron and chemical control of breathing (2010)

Iron is a constituent of eukaryotic cells. In a previous study we found that chronic deficiency of iron decreases the acute hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) along with morphological changes in the carotid body, which supports iron's role in chemoreception. The question arises to what extend this role is specific for the carotid generated hypoxic chemoreflex. We addressed the issue in the current study in which we compared the effects of iron chelation on the HVR (14 and 9% O2 in N2) and hypercapnic ventilatory (5 and 10% CO2 in O2) (HCVR) responses, mediated, in the main, by peripheral and central chemoreceptors, respectively. The experiments were performed in conscious, male, Wistar rats. Ventilation was measured using a whole body rodent plethysmography, before and after 7-day administration of the lipophilic intracellular iron chelator – ciclopirox olamine (CPX; 20mg/kg, ip, daily). We found that CPX dampened the hypoxic, but not hypercapnic responses. The peak HVR was decreased from the basal 1499±116SE and 2142±83ml·min-1kg-1 before to 1079±108 and 1732±149ml·min-1kg-1 at 14 and 9% hypoxia, respectively (P&lt;0.01 for both), after iron chelation. On the other hand, the peak HCVR changed inappreciably from 1608±189SE and 2833±267ml·min-1kg-1 before to 1619±193 and 3053±331ml·min-1kg-1 at 5 and 10% hypercapnia, respectively, after iron chelation. In a separate ultrastructural comparative investigation that followed the functional study we found that iron chelation caused profound degenerative changes in carotid body parenchyma, which were distinctly different from the nearly unaffected brainstem or the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion cells taken as the reference neural tissues. We conclude that iron is a specific regulator of the carotid body chemoreceptive mechanisms.