gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The supercurrent diode effect and nonreciprocal paraconductivity due to the chiral structure of nanotubes (2022)

The research interest in the supercurrent diode effect (SDE) has been growing. It has been found in various kinds of systems, in a large part of which it may be understood by combining spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman field. Here, we show that there exists another mechanism of generating SDE in chiral nanotubes that trap magnetic fluxes, without spin-orbit coupling or Zeeman field. We further show that the same generalized Ginzburg-Landau theory leads to nonreciprocal paraconductivity (NPC) near the transition temperature. The main features of both the SDE and the NPC are revealed by their parameter dependence. Our study suggests a new kind of platforms to explore nonreciprocal properties of superconducting materials. It also provides a theoretical link between the SDE and the NPC, which were often studied separately.
N-Methyl Indoxyl Esters As Fluorometric Substrates For Lipase (1969)

Abstract The results of a study of 6 N-methyl indoxyl esters as substrates for lipase indicated N-methyl indoxyl myri-state to be the best substrate for the analysis of this enzyme. Using this ester from 0.0002 to 4.0 units per ml of porcine pancreas lipase can be determined in the presence of several other esterases with an accuracy and precision of about 1.5%. Analysis is performed by a direct initial reaction rate method in 2–3 minutes.
Embedded Data Representations (2016)

We introduce embedded data representations, the use of visual and physical representations of data that are deeply integrated with the physical spaces, objects, and entities to which the data refers. Technologies like lightweight wireless displays, mixed reality hardware, and autonomous vehicles are making it increasingly easier to display data in-context. While researchers and artists have already begun to create embedded data representations, the benefits, trade-offs, and even the language necessary to describe and compare these approaches remain unexplored. In this paper, we formalize the notion of physical data referents - the real-world entities and spaces to which data corresponds - and examine the relationship between referents and the visual and physical representations of their data. We differentiate situated representations, which display data in proximity to data referents, and embedded representations, which display data so that it spatially coincides with data referents. Drawing on examples from visualization, ubiquitous computing, and art, we explore the role of spatial indirection, scale, and interaction for embedded representations. We also examine the tradeoffs between non-situated, situated, and embedded data displays, including both visualizations and physicalizations. Based on our observations, we identify a variety of design challenges for embedded data representation, and suggest opportunities for future research and applications.
Two way satellite time transfer (2006)

The method of the two way satellite time transfer(TWSTT)is described in this paper.The signal delay estimation from the ionosphere effect,receiving and transmitting systems,the satellite transfer and the Sagnac effect are introduced.The high precision result is obtained by using data sets in Kunming Station and Lintong Station datas selected at random.
Impact of Defects and Crystal Size on Negative Gas Adsorption in DUT-49 Analyzed by In Situ 129 Xe NMR Spectroscopy (2020)

The origin of crystal-size-dependent adsorption behavior of flexible metal-organic frameworks is increasingly studied. In this contribution, we probe the solid-fluid interactions of DUT-49 crystals of different size by <i>in situ</i> <sup>129</sup>Xe NMR spectroscopy at 200 K. With decreasing size of the crystals, the average solid-fluid interactions are found to decrease reflected by a decrease in chemical shift of adsorbed xenon from 230 to 200 ppm, explaining the lack of adsorption-induced transitions for smaller crystals. However, recent studies propose that these results can also originate from the presence of lattice defects. To investigate the influence of defects on the adsorption behavior of DUT-49, we synthesized a series of samples with tailored defect concentrations and characterized them by <i>in situ</i> <sup>129</sup>Xe NMR. In comparison to the results obtained for crystals with different size, we find pronounced changes of the adsorption behavior and influence of the chemical shift only for very high concentrations of defects, which further emphasizes the important role of particle size phenomena.
Rearward-facing infant restraints: optimum reclining angles for the design of safer, more protective and comfortable restraints (1979)

For the infant who cannot sit up by himself the most protective car restraint is one which is designed to face the infant rearward in the automobile and is sufficiently reclined to afford support for the infant's back, neck and head at all times. If the restraint is too upright, the infant's head falls forward onto his chest and receives no support whatsoever. If the restraint is too reclined, under impact it tends to flatten out risking undue loading of the possible partial or total release of the infant from the device. In this study rear-facing restraints were installed on an auto seat with a seat slope representative of the average slope of the seats in a survey of 1978 and 1979 automobiles. An infant was placed in each restraint which was then positioned at the manufacturer's recommended reclining angle or angles. The restraints were studied to evaluate the back and head support provided by each. These restraints were then impact sled tested installed on an auto seat with the same average seat slope employed in the first phase of this study. The harness loading on the shoulders of the 6-months dummy was measured for each restraint. The purpose of this study is to determine for a rear-facing infant restraint: (1) the optimum reclining angle that will provide adequate support for the infant at rest; and (2) the optimum reclining angle on impact that will afford the best back, neck and head support for the infant without imposing undue loading on the infant's shoulders.
Analysis of an optical SDM ring network model for applying MIMO processing (2021)

Optical multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is introduced into optical space division multiplexing (SDM) communication as an effective solution for the crosstalk issue. Unfortunately, this application is limited because all the channel information over the transmission link must be transmitted to MIMO receivers for complete crosstalk compensation, which indicates difficulty in applying MIMO to the transmission path via optical switches. We newly propose that one of the solutions to this limitation is a ring network because all channel information can be maintained in the ring. In particular, a typical ring network model comprising optical add-drop multiplexers (OADMs) and multicore fibers (MCFs) is introduced, and the ability of MIMO to compensate for capacity degradation because of the inter-core crosstalk is investigated. Moreover, the protection function, which is essential for the ring network, is also evaluated under the fiber and fiber core failures. As per the simulation results, although the protection operation affects the transmission capacity, the capacity loss is suppressed in the event of a failure to < 5%. We believe that these results provide useful information for designing SDM-based optical networks.
Toward a SPR imaging in situ system to detect marine biotoxin (2020)

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) are increasingly recognized as having profound effects upon the ecology of coastal waters and upon the economics of fisheries and aquaculture. HABs by contaminating shellfish with biotoxins affect human health and require effective surveillance and management programs to protect human consumers of seafood. Blooms of Pseudo-nitzschia producing a neurotoxin known as Domoic Acid (DA) are of increasing concern as their frequency and intensity increase rapidly. Although these toxic algal blooms represent a serious public health and economic problems, no cost-effective device, allowing the detection of dissolved DA in seawater is not yet available on the market. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensors have demonstrated their ability to detect small molecules at very low concentrations in real-time. We recently reported a rapid SPR biosensor inhibition assay to measure dissolved DA in the seawater matrix in-field deployment. Based on antibodies recognition, this system can detect DA at concentration over a range of 0.1–2 ng.mL<sup>−1</sup>. However, this first prototype suffered from certain limitations. Multiplexing the assay increasing of the detection range, reproducibility and sample replicates are now required. Thus, a new biosensor based on SPR imaging (SPRi) technique was developed. The prototype was designed to meet high sensitivity, compactness and cost efficiency requirements. The performances of this sensor were first studied in laboratory conditions, then it was deployed mesocosm facility. The new automated SPRi sensor showed promise for in situ detection of DA.
L'homologue du gène FOXL2 chez le poulet. L'étude comparative des profils d'expression des gènes CFOXL2 et aromatase dans les gonades d'embryons de poulet après l'inversion sexuelle induite par un inhibiteur d'aromatase ou l'oestradiol (2004)

National audience
Calibration of Chlorine Decay Rates by a Combined Optimization Algorithm (2009)

Accurate prediction of chlorine residue concentration has become one of the most important tools for water quality modeling and management in water distribution systems. Although former researchers used genetic algorithm (GA) solver to calibrate relative parameters, it was found difficult to apply this method in large-scale water distribution systems due to its long computational time. In this paper, the chlorine decay rates in the wall reactions within the pipes are calibrated dynamically by a new combined optimization algorithm of CORS-RBF-GA. The CORS-RBF-GA algorithm takes CORS (Constrained Optimization using Response Surface) as the whole optimization framework, RBF (Radial Basis Function) as a surrogate of the water quality detailed model, GA as RBF optimization solver. The computational time of water quality modeling and simulation of water networks is reduced four times. One engineering case study is also presented for testifying this method, followed with more efficient and promising results of chlorine residue simulations, comparing with the field measurements.
Amylograph Pasting Behaviour of Cereal and Tuber Starches (1987)

Abstract The pasting characteristics in terms of peak viscosity (P), hot paste viscosity (H), cold paste viscosity (C) and at the selected fixed peak viscosities, the various ratios i.e., breakdown (H/P), setback (C/P), total setback (C/H) and relative breakdown, BD r , (P‐H)/(C‐H) to distinguish the starches from different species, are reported. Important differences in these characteristics among various starches have been observed. The amount of soluble amylose present in a starch, significantly affected its tendency for retrogradation. The breakdown (H/P), setback (C/P), total setback (C/H) ratios and especially the relative breakdown (BD r ) can be made use of in distinguishing the starches from different species of wheat.
Binding of an organo–osmium(ii) anticancer complex to guanine and cytosine on DNA revealed by electron-based dissociations in high resolution Top–Down FT-ICR mass spectrometry (2015)

The Os(II) arene anticancer complex [(η(6)-bip)Os(en)Cl](+) (Os1-Cl; where bip = biphenyl, and en = ethylenediamine) binds strongly to DNA. Here we investigate reactions between Os1-Cl and the self-complementary 12-mer oligonucleotide 5'-TAGTAATTACTA-3' (DNA12) using ultra high resolution Fourier Transform-Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Identification of the specific sites of DNA osmiation with {(η(6)-bip)Os(en)}(2+) was made possible by the use of Electron Detachment Dissociation (EDD) which produced a wide range of assignable osmiated MS/MS fragments. In contrast, the more commonly used CAD and IRMPD techniques produced fragments which lose the bound osmium. These studies reveal that not only is guanine G3 a strong binding site for {(η(6)-bip)Os(en)}(2+) but, unexpectedly, so too is cytosine C10. Interestingly, the G3/C10 di-osmiated adduct of DNA12 also formed readily but did not undergo such facile fragmentation by EDD, perhaps due to folding induced by van der Waal's interactions of the bound osmium arene species. These new insights into osmium arene DNA adducts should prove valuable for the design of new organometallic drugs and contribute to understanding the lack of cross resistance of this organometallic anticancer complex with cisplatin.
Cognitive Functions in a Patient With Parkinson-Dementia Syndrome Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation (2009)

Such a broad effect on cognition is consistent with ample experimental evidence revealing that the nucleus basalis of Meynert provides cholinergic innervation to the cortical mantle, complemented by glutaminergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid-transmitting projections from the basal forebrain. These projections provide background tuning facilitating cortical operations. Furthermore, nucleus basalis of Meynert stimulation paired with sensory stimuli can accomplish persistent reorganization of specific processing modules. The improvements in cognitive and behavioral performance in our patient are likely to be related to the effects of stimulating residual cholinergic projections and cell bodies in the nucleus basalis of Meynert.
What Happens When Real World Operation of Steam Generators Deviates from Design Conditions (2008)

Abstract Tales abound concerning operational failures in steam generating systems. In most cases, during the investigation phase of the root cause analysis, it becomes clear that the unit was not operated in the manner consistant with what the designers had in mind. To illustrate this point, several case studies are offered in this paper to demonstrate how out of design operation can lead to poor performance and possibly, tube failures.
ChemInform Abstract: Compound Formation in the Ce2O3‐SiO2 System (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Plug-and-Play Algorithms for Large-scale Snapshot Compressive Imaging (2020)

Snapshot compressive imaging (SCI) aims to capture the high-dimensional (usually 3D) images using a 2D sensor (detector) in a single snapshot. Though enjoying the advantages of low-bandwidth, low-power and low-cost, applying SCI to large-scale problems (HD or UHD videos) in our daily life is still challenging. The bottleneck lies in the reconstruction algorithms; they are either too slow (iterative optimization algorithms) or not flexible to the encoding process (deep learning based end-to-end networks). In this paper, we develop fast and flexible algorithms for SCI based on the plug-and-play (PnP) framework. In addition to the widely used PnP-ADMM method, we further propose the PnP-GAP (generalized alternating projection) algorithm with a lower computational workload and prove the convergence of PnP-GAP under the SCI hardware constraints. By employing deep denoising priors, we first time show that PnP can recover a UHD color video ($3840\times 1644\times 48$ with PNSR above 30dB) from a snapshot 2D measurement. Extensive results on both simulation and real datasets verify the superiority of our proposed algorithm. The code is available at https://github.com/liuyang12/PnP-SCI.
Multi-Scale Aligned Distillation for Low-Resolution Detection (2021)

In instance-level detection tasks (e.g., object detection), reducing input resolution is an easy option to improve runtime efficiency. However, this option traditionally hurts the detection performance much. This paper focuses on boosting the performance of low-resolution models by distilling knowledge from a high- or multi-resolution model. We first identify the challenge of applying knowledge distillation (KD) to teacher and student networks that act on different input resolutions. To tackle it, we explore the idea of spatially aligning feature maps between models of varying input resolutions by shifting feature pyramid positions and introduce aligned multi-scale training to train a multi-scale teacher that can distill its knowledge to a low-resolution student. Further, we propose crossing feature-level fusion to dynamically fuse teacher's multi-resolution features to guide the student better. On several instance-level detection tasks and datasets, the low-resolution models trained via our approach perform competitively with high-resolution models trained via conventional multi-scale training, while outperforming the latter's low-resolution models by 2.1% to 3.6% in terms of mAP. Our code is made publicly available at https://github.com/dvlab-research/MSAD.
Exploitation of self-focusing in the operation of optically pumped molecular lasers (1990)

We have demonstrated that in optically pumped molecular lasers, where self-focusing plays a dominant role, use of multitransverse mode pumping has a decided advantage over TEM(oo) mode pumping.
Lipophilic (Hydrophobic) Cyclams with Long Alkyl Side-Chains (1977)

One or two long alkyl chains were introduced either on carbon or nitrogen atom of cyclam (1,4,8,11tetraazacyclotetradecane) via the direct alkylation or the condensation of the alkylmalonate with the tetramine followed by the borane reduction.Long alkyl substituted cyclams thus obtained are sparingly soluble in water and can extract heavy metal ions from aqueous solution to an organic phase.Macrocyclic polyamines form very stable complexes with various heavy metal ions in water.For the successful application of such unique ligands to extract heavy metals from (dillute) aqueous solution, it is necessary for polyamines to be fixed on the (water insoluble) polymer2) or to be converted to the oil not miscible with water.We have already reported the synthesis of cyclams substituted on the ring carbon. 3 ,NOW we wish to report the synthesis of lipophilic cyclams with long alkyl side chains on C or N which are practically insoluble in 5.This extraction rate is ca.5,000 times faster than that using the cyclam chemically bound on polystyrene.6) 6. I. Tabushi, Y. Taniguchi, and H.
Regulation of intestinal glucose absorption: A new issue in animal science (1998)

Intestinal glucose absorption occurs via Na + -dependent glucose cotransporters (SGLT1) located in the luminal membrane of enterocytes and is driven by an electrochemical gradient maintained by Na + /K + ATPase located on the basolateral membrane. Twenty percent of whole animal energy expenditures can be accounted for by the gastrointestinal tract, most of which is the result of Na + /K + ATPase function. Active intestinal glucose transport is regulated by a number of gastrointestinal peptides such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and peptide YY (PYY). PYY and EGF can upregulate intestinal glucose absorption by as much as 200–300%. Of special interest is the fact that the energetic costs of intestinal tissue function can vary in relationship to the amount of glucose transported. This value termed "apparent energetic efficiency of glucose uptake" (APEE) may be of value in evaluating the energetic costs of glucose and other nutrients during various physiological and nutritional states. Recent studies suggest that intensive genetic selection for production traits in poultry may result in intestinal absorption being rate-limiting for full phenotypic expression of these traits. Further research is needed to clarify this issue. Key words: Glucose absorption, intestinal, energy metabolism, peptides, genetic selection
Constitutively Active Protein Kinase A Disrupts Motility and Chemotaxis inDictyostelium discoideum (2003)

The deletion of the gene for the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) results in constitutively active PKA in the pkaR mutant. To investigate the role of PKA in the basic motile behavior and chemotaxis of Dictyostelium discoideum, pkaR mutant cells were subjected to computer-assisted two- and three-dimensional motion analysis. pkaR mutant cells crawled at only half the speed of wild-type cells in buffer, chemotaxed in spatial gradients of cyclic AMP (cAMP) but with reduced efficiency, were incapable of suppressing lateral pseudopods in the front of temporal waves of cAMP, a requirement for natural chemotaxis, did not exhibit the normal velocity surge in response to the front of a wave, and were incapable of chemotaxing toward an aggregation center in natural waves generated by wild-type cells that made up the majority of cells in mixed cultures. Many of the behavioral defects appeared to be the result of the constitutively ovoid shape of the pkaR mutant cells, which forced the dominant pseudopod off the substratum and to the top of the cell body. The behavioral abnormalities that pkaR mutant cells shared with regA mutant cells are discussed by considering the pathway ERK2 perpendicular RegA perpendicular [cAMP] --> PKA, which emanates from the front of a wave. The results demonstrate that cells must suppress PKA activity in order to elongate along a substratum, suppress lateral-pseudopod formation, and crawl and chemotax efficiently. The results also implicate PKA activation in dismantling cell polarity at the peak and in the back of a natural cAMP wave.
Bifunctional bamboo-like CoSe2 arrays for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor and electrocatalytic oxygen evolution (2018)

Bifunctional bamboo-like CoSe<sub>2</sub> arrays are synthesized by thermal annealing of Co(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>0.5</sub>OH grown on carbon cloth in Se atmosphere. The CoSe<sub>2</sub> arrays obtained have excellent electrical conductivity, larger electrochemical active surface areas, and can directly serve as a binder-free electrode for supercapacitors and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). When tested as a supercapacitor electrode, the CoSe<sub>2</sub> delivers a higher specific capacitance (544.6 F g<sup>-1</sup> at current density of 1 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>) compared with CoO (308.2 F g<sup>-1</sup>) or Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (201.4 F g<sup>-1</sup>). In addition, the CoSe<sub>2</sub> electrode possesses excellent cycling stability. An asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) is also assembled based on bamboo-like CoSe<sub>2</sub> as a positive electrode and active carbon as a negative electrode in a 3.0 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. Owing to the unique stucture and good electrochemical performance of bamboo-like CoSe<sub>2</sub>, the as-assembled ACS can achieve a maximum operating voltage window of 1.7 V, a high energy density of 20.2 Wh kg<sup>-1</sup> at a power density of 144.1 W kg<sup>-1</sup>, and an outstanding cyclic stability. As the catalyst for the OER, the CoSe<sub>2</sub> exhibits a lower potential of 1.55 V (versus RHE) at current density of 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>, a smaller Tafel slope of 62.5 mV dec<sup>-1</sup> and an also outstanding stability.
Kohonen neural network based approach to voltage weak buses/areas identification (1997)

The paper presents a neural network based method for the identification of voltage-weak buses/areas. By using power flow analysis and the singular value decomposition method, a Kohonen neural network is trained to cluster/rank buses in terms of voltage stability. Special emphasis is placed on the selection of input information and analysis of the neural network output results. The generalisation capability of the Kohonen network under various operating conditions has been tested on a number of systems. The results obtained for the IEEE 30-bus test system are very encouraging.