gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Live Attenuated H7N3 and H7N7 Vaccine Viruses for Their Receptor Binding Preferences, Immunogenicity in Ferrets and Cross Reactivity to the Novel H7N9 Virus (2013)

Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) candidates of the H7 subtype, A/Netherlands/219/03 (H7N7, NL03 ca) and A/chicken/British Columbia/CN-6/2004 (H7N3, BC04 ca), were evaluated for their receptor binding specificity and immunogenicity in ferrets. The BC04 ca virus exhibited α2,3-SA and α2,6-SA dual receptor binding preference while the NL03 ca virus preferentially bound to α2,3-SA. Substitution of the Q226 and G228 (Q-G) by the L226 and S228 (L-S) residues in the HA improved binding to α2,6-SA for NL03 ca. The vaccine viruses with L-S retained the attenuation phenotype. NL03 L-S ca replicated more efficiently than the original NL03 ca virus in the upper respiratory tract of ferrets, and induced higher levels of humoral and cellular immune responses. Prior vaccination with seasonal LAIV reduced H7-specific antibody responses, but did not reduce the H7N7 vaccine mediated protection against a heterologous H7N3 BC04 wt virus infection in ferrets. In addition, the H7N3 and H7N7 vaccine immunized ferret sera cross reacted with the newly emerged H7N9 virus. These data, in combination with the safety data from previously conducted Phase 1 studies, suggest that these vaccines may have a role in responding to the threat posed by the H7N9 virus.
Criterion for the Design of Low-Power Variable Stiffness Mechanisms (2017)

Designing robotic systems capable of low-power operation, inherent to their compliant actuation, has been elusive in practical application. In this paper, we propose a physical measure to mathematically define mechanical designs that are suitable to realize stiffness modulation with low power cost. Using this measure, we present a mathematical formulation of an ideal variable stiffness mechanism unaffected by the external load during its operation. We then analyze several existing mechanisms from the literature to relate design features with analytical conditions inherent to low power stiffness modulation in practical designs. Through this analysis, we identify an approximate practical realization of an ideal actuator capable of stiffness modulation with inherently low power cost. Similar to a number of existing efficient variable stiffness mechanisms, this mechanism is able to hold a given stiffness setting with zero input force under no external load. However, unlike many other previously designed mechanisms, it enables infinite range stiffness modulation using finite control forces. A practical variable stiffness mechanism that is capable of infinite range stiffness modulation using finite control forces leads to lower power cost and reduced energy consumption.
A reduced‐voltage differential signaling (RVDS) interface for chip‐on‐glass TFT‐LCD applications (2010)

Abstract— Reduced‐voltage differential signaling (RVDS) is a novel interface for TFT‐LCD panels with a chip‐on‐glass (COG) structure, which has a point‐to‐point topology and a voltage mode differential signaling scheme. The voltage‐driving interface scheme has advantages in high‐speed operation owing to its relatively small time constant for the resistive channel condition. And reduced‐voltage signaling can reduce the power consumption of a transmitter. The display source driver IC with an RVDS interface, which is fabricated by using a 0.25‐μm CMOS process with a 2.5‐V logic supply voltage, offers a high data rate up to 500 Mbps, low‐current consumption of 2.2 mA, and good EMI characteristics. Also, an RVDS interface has programmable options that control the bandwidth, system power, and EMI performance. Therefore, the RVDS interface is a competitive solution for low‐power, low‐cost, and slim notebook applications.
Selective Catalytic Oxidations in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2005)

Supercritical carbon dioxide is ideally suited as reaction medium for catalytic oxidations of organic substrates, and it may be exploited as one of the most promising strategies to realize some fundamental chemical transformations under environmentally benign conditions. The use of supercritical carbon dioxide as solvent for unselective hydrocarbons auto-oxidations is extensively described in the literature. Conversely, only a limited number of reports deal with selective oxidations carried out by molecular oxygen or by other primary oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide, alkyl hydroperoxides, monopersulfate, etc. In this paper recent developments in selective catalytic oxidations are reviewed and particular attention is devoted to those processes in which a metal derivative, capable of selectively oxidizing various substrates, is formed by action of a terminal oxidant such as oxygen or an organic or inorganic peroxide.
Torque teno virus for risk stratification of graft rejection and infection in kidney transplant recipients—A prospective observational trial (2020)

The nonpathogenic and ubiquitous torque teno virus (TTV) is associated with immunosuppression in solid organ transplant recipients. Studies in kidney transplant patients proposed TTV quantification for risk stratification of graft rejection and infection. In this prospective trial (DRKS00012335) 386 consecutive kidney transplant recipients were subjected to longitudinal per-protocol monitoring of plasma TTV load by polymerase chain reaction for 12 months posttransplant. TTV load peaked at the end of month 3 posttransplant and reached steady state thereafter. TTV load after the end of month 3 was analyzed in the context of subsequent rejection diagnosed by indication biopsy and infection within the first year posttransplant, respectively. Each log increase in TTV load decreased the odds for rejection by 22% (odds ratio [OR] 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62-0.97; P = .027) and increased the odds for infection by 11% (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.06-1.15; P < .001). TTV was quantified at a median of 14 days before rejection was diagnosed and 27 days before onset of infection, respectively. We defined a TTV load between 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> and 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> copies/mL as optimal range to minimize the risk for rejection and infection. These data support the initiation of an interventional trial assessing the efficacy of TTV-guided immunosuppression to reduce infection and graft rejection in kidney transplant recipients.
A new approach to evaluating intestinal acute graft‐versus‐host disease by transabdominal sonography and colour Doppler imaging (2001)

An objective and non-invasive method to assess the extent, severity, course and prognosis of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) of the gastrointestinal tract would be of great importance. As high-resolution ultrasonography (HRU) and colour Doppler imaging (CDI) are used in inflammatory and ischaemic bowel diseases, we introduced these techniques to evaluate acute intestinal GvHD. In this study, 12 patients with suspected intestinal and/or severe cutaneous aGvHD were investigated by HRU and CDI. The structure and thickness of the bowel wall and the blood flow pattern in the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) as well as in the bowel wall were evaluated. All patients showed thickened bowel wall segments, especially in the ileocaecal region. Even in patients without any clinical signs of intestinal involvement (3/12), sonographic changes were observed. In six patients with severe diarrhoea, sonographic signs of secretory diarrhoea were observed. In 4/12 patients, an increased arterial blood flow in the bowel wall was demonstrated as a typical characteristic of an inflammatory bowel process. In contrast, in 4/12 patients, ischaemic bowel wall lesions with high-resistance flow pattern in the SMA were found. These patients did not respond to immunosuppressive therapy and died. In conclusion, HRU is a useful tool for detecting acute bowel GvHD even before clinical symptoms. Moreover, HRU and CDI can be applied to define the severity of aGvHD and to identify patients with a poor prognosis.
Peri-procedural thrombin generation predicts ischemic complications in primary percutaneous coronary intervention of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a substudy of the ATOLL trial (2013)

Background: The ATOLL (Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction Treated with primary angioplasty and intravenous enoxaparin Or unfractionated heparin to Lower ischemic and bleeding events at short- and Long-term follow-up) randomized trial showed that intravenous heparin compared with unfractionated heparin (UFH) significantly reduced ischemic events. Purpose: The study aimed to assess biomarkers of coagulation and platelet activation in patients on intravenous enoxaparin or UFH in the primary PCI (PPCI) setting with significant antiplatelet therapy and to correlate these findings with 1 month clinical outcomes. Methods: Patients presenting with STEMI that were randomized to receive an intravenous bolus or either enoxaparin or UFH had blood sampling performed at sheath insertion at the commencement (T1) and at the end of the PPCI procedure (T2). The thrombotic factors, von Willebrand factor antigen (vWFAg), prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complex, tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) were measured along with the platelet marker, soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L). Results were correlated with the primary endpoint, a composite of death, complication of MI, procedure failure, or major bleeding (net clinical benefit) and the main secondary outcome, a composite of death, recurrent ACS, or urgent revascularization (ischemic outcome) Results: A total of 129 patients (n=58 enoxaparin and n=71 UFH) were included. Baseline characteristics and treatment were matched apart from a greater use of glycoprotein IIb/IIa inhbitors in the UFH group (p=0.04). Of the numerous parameters measured, univariate analysis identified significant association between increased plasma levels of F1+2 and TAT measured at T2 and the incidence of both the primary endpoint (p=0.05 and p=0.03) and the secondary ischemic endpoint (p=0.035 and 0.036). The increasing release of F1+2 between T1 and T2 (Δ T2-T1) also predicted the primary (184.9±61.1 vs 3.2±34.7 pmol/L, p= 0.01) and secondary endpoints (318.8±132.2 vs 36.9±30.3 pmol/L, p=0.05). Multivariate analysis identified increased plasma levels of F1+2 and TAT complex as independent correlates of the secondary ischemic endpoint at 1 month. Although patients treated with enoxaparin compared with UFH showed a trend to decreased release (Δ T2-T1) of both F1+2 and TAT (23.6±49.7 vs 119±44.6 pmol/L and 4.0±4.1 vs 9.1±3.2 respectively), the impact did not reach statistical significance (p=0.15 and 0.33, respectively) Conclusions: In this substudy of the ATOLL trial, markers of thrombin generation F1+2 and TAT complex are independently associated with short-term adverse ischemic events in PPCI patients.
Novel biodegradable ester‐based polymer blends (1997)

Abstract We have found, within the polyester family, interesting and potentially useful patterns of three‐component compatibility. The bacterially produced biodegradable polyester, poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and its copolymers with hydroxyvalerate (HV) together with polymers such as cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), polycaprolactone, poly(lactic acid), and a series of high‐molecular‐weight, non‐crystallizable ester‐based plasticisers have been identified as possible candidates in the production of blends in which aspects of performance can be varied with a degree of independence of cost. The compatibility ranges can be conveniently represented in the form of triangular graphs, with the relative weight fraction, or percentage, being represented along each of the three axes. The extent to which the modulation of the physical properties in general, but the stability in various environments in particular, is possible by the formation of three‐component blends, such as those formed between P(HB‐HV), cellulose acetate butyrate and poly(alkylene adipate) plasticisers, is discussed.
Spiral Bragg grating waveguides for TM mode silicon photonics (2015)

We demonstrate spiral Bragg grating waveguides (BGWs) on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform for the fundamental transverse magnetic (TM) mode. We also compare TM spiral waveguides to equivalent transverse electric (TE) spiral waveguides and show that the TM spiral waveguides have lower propagation losses. Our spiral waveguides are space-efficient, requiring only areas of 131×131 µm(2) to accommodate 4 mm long BGWs, and, thus, are less susceptible to fabrication non-uniformities. Due to the lengths and reduced susceptibility to fabrication non-uniformities, we were able to obtain narrow bandwidth, large extinction ratio (ER) devices, as narrow as 0.09 nm and as large as 52 dB, respectively. Finally, we demonstrate a 4 mm long TM chirped spiral Bragg grating waveguide with a negative, average, group delay slope of -11 ps/nm.
Handling-Qualities Perspective on Rotorcraft Load Alleviation Control (2020)

The objective of this research effort is to assess the impact of load alleviation control on the quantitative handling-qualities specifications (also known as predicted handling qualities) of both conventional helicopters and compound rotorcraft in forward flight. First, an overview on how the harmonic decomposition methodology is used toward load alleviation control is presented. Next, flight control laws are developed based on an explicit model-following architecture. Parametric studies are performed to provide insights on how both the feedforward and feedback paths of the model-following control laws can be used to alleviate the rotor loads. The impact of load alleviation on predicted handling qualities is studied. It is shown that, for the standard helicopter configuration considered, load alleviation comes at the cost of a degradation in handling qualities. However, for the compound rotorcraft considered, allocation of the control signal to the redundant control surfaces provides load alleviation without degradation in predicted handling qualities. The flight control laws are subsequently optimized using the Control Designer’s Unified Interface to meet a comprehensive set of stability, handling-qualities, and performance specifications for specific mission task elements while minimizing the unsteady rotor loads.
A fully surface-micromachined piezoelectric accelerometer (2002)

A micromachined piezoelectric accelerometer has been designed and fabricated using an entirely surface-micromachining-based process flow. The device consists of a 1000 /spl mu/m long polysilicon cantilever structure with sputtered ZnO as the piezoelectric material. Experimental results show good linearity (<2%) over a /spl plusmn/25 g range. The theoretical device sensitivity and noise performance are determined and compared to actual performance. A second-generation accelerometer design is presented which offers higher sensitivity and utilizes piezoelectric force balancing in order to achieve improved dynamic range and linearity.
PARADIGM-SHIFT predicts the function of mutations in multiple cancers using pathway impact analysis (2012)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Low Frequency Noise Spectroscopy in Advanced nFinFETS (2011)

International audience
32‐channel phased‐array receive with asymmetric birdcage transmit coil for hyperpolarized xenon‐129 lung imaging (2012)

Hyperpolarized xenon-129 has the potential to become a noninvasive contrast agent for lung MRI. In addition to its utility for imaging of ventilated airspaces, the property of xenon to dissolve in lung tissue and blood upon inhalation provides the opportunity to study gas exchange. Implementations of imaging protocols for obtaining regional parameters that exploit the dissolved phase are limited by the available signal-to-noise ratio, excitation homogeneity, and length of acquisition times. To address these challenges, a 32-channel receive-array coil complemented by an asymmetric birdcage transmit coil tuned to the hyperpolarized xenon-129 resonance at 3 T was developed. First results of spin-density imaging in healthy subjects and subjects with obstructive lung disease demonstrated the improvements in image quality by high-resolution ventilation images with high signal-to-noise ratio. Parallel imaging performance of the phased-array coil was demonstrated by acceleration factors up to three in 2D acquisitions and up to six in 3D acquisitions. Transmit-field maps showed a regional variation of only 8% across the whole lung. The newly developed phased-array receive coil with the birdcage transmit coil will lead to an improvement in existing imaging protocols, but moreover enable the development of new, functional lung imaging protocols based on the improvements in excitation homogeneity, signal-to-noise ratio, and acquisition speed.
Conversion Characteristics of Some Major Cannabinoids from Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Raw Materials by New Rapid Simultaneous Analysis Method (2021)

This study was carried out to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography method for short-time analysis of the main cannabinoids in the inflorescence of hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.). We also performed decarboxylation of the raw material using our advanced analysis technique. In this study, the UV spectrum was considered to analyze each of the four common cannabinoids, solvents, and samples, where the uniform elution of acidic cannabinoids without peak tailing and acids was tested. Optimal results were obtained when readings were taken at a wavelength of 220 nm using water and methanol containing trifluoroacetic acid as mobile phases in a solvent gradient system. The established conditions were further validated by system suitability, linearity, precision, detection limit, and quantitation limit tests. The decarboxylation index (DT<sub>50</sub>) confirmed that Δ9-THCA decarboxylated faster than CBDA, and both maintained a linear relationship with time and temperature. In addition, the loss of cannabidiol was better prevented during the decarboxylation process in the natural state than in the extracted state.
Mycoparasitism illuminated by genome and transcriptome sequencing of Coniothyrium minitans, an important biocontrol fungus of the plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (2020)

<i>Coniothyrium minitans</i> is a mycoparasite of the notorious plant pathogen <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>. To further understand the parasitism of <i>C. minitans</i>, we assembled and analysed its genome and performed transcriptome analyses. The genome of <i>C. minitans</i> strain ZS-1 was assembled into 350 scaffolds and had a size of 39.8 Mb. A total of 11 437 predicted genes and proteins were annotated, and 30.8 % of the blast hits matched proteins encoded by another member of the Pleosporales, <i>Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa</i>, a worldwide soilborne fungus with biocontrol ability. The transcriptome of strain ZS-1 during the early interaction with <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> at 0, 4 and 12 h was analysed. The detected expressed genes were involved in responses to host defenses, including cell-wall-degrading enzymes, transporters, secretory proteins and secondary metabolite productions. Seventeen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of fungal cell-wall-degrading enzymes (FCWDs) were up-regulated during parasitism, with only one down-regulated. Most of the monocarboxylate transporter genes of the major facilitator superfamily and all the detected ABC transporters, especially the heavy metal transporters, were significantly up-regulated. Approximately 8 % of the 11 437 proteins in <i>C. minitans</i> were predicted to be secretory proteins with catalytic activity. In the molecular function category, hydrolase activity, peptidase activity and serine hydrolase activity were enriched. Most genes involved in serine hydrolase activity were significantly up-regulated. This genomic analysis and genome-wide expression study demonstrates that the mycoparasitism process of <i>C. minitans</i> is complex and a broad range of proteins are deployed by <i>C. minitans</i> to successfully invade its host. Our study provides insights into the mechanisms of the mycoparasitism between <i>C. minitans</i> and <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> and identifies potential secondary metabolites from <i>C. minitans</i> for application as a biocontrol agent.
Cyclin-dependent protein kinase and cyclin homologs SSN3 and SSN8 contribute to transcriptional control in yeast. (1995)

The SSN3 and SSN8 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were identified by mutations that suppress a defect in SNF1, a protein kinase required for release from glucose repression. Mutations in SSN3 and SSN8 also act synergistically with a mutation of the MIG1 repressor protein to relieve glucose repression. We have cloned the SSN3 and SSN8 genes. SSN3 encodes a cyclin-dependent protein kinase (cdk) homolog and is identical to UME5. SSN8 encodes a cyclin homolog 35% identical to human cyclin C. SSN3 and SSN8 fusion proteins interact in the two-hybrid system and coimmunoprecipitate from yeast cell extracts. Using an immune complex assay, we detected protein kinase activity that depends on both SSN3 and SSN8. Thus, the two SSN proteins are likely to function as a cdk-cyclin pair. Genetic analysis indicates that the SSN3-SSN8 complex contributes to transcriptional repression of diversely regulated genes and also affects induction of the GAL1 promoter.
Measurement of {sup 13}C chemical-shift anisotropy in coal (1993)

The methods available in NMR spectroscopy to obtain the principal values of the chemical-shift tensor are discussed. Applications to coal and to compounds with model structures that might be important in coal are presented. The composition of aromatic carbons in coal as determined by chemical-shift powder patterns is compared to results obtained by cross-polarization with magic-angle spinning and dipolar dephasing. 36 refs., 8 figs., 5 tabs.