gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of the Phosphorylated N-linked Oligosaccharides from the mnn9 and mnn10 Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1989)

The N-linked oligosaccharides, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae mnn1 mnn9 mutant mannoprotein extracted from the cells in hot citrate buffer, were separated by ion exchange into a monophosphate diester, a monophosphate monoester, a diphosphate diester, and a diphosphate monoester diester. The structures of the major components with diesterified phosphate were assigned as follows (where M = mannose), according to a recently revised oligosaccharide structure for the mnn mutants (Hernandez, L. M., Ballou, L., Alvarado, E., Gillece-Castro, B. L., Burlingame, A. L., and Ballou, C. E. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 11849-11856). formula; see text The monoester derivatives were mixtures of the possible isomers produced by removal of one or the other phosphoglycosyl-linked mannose units, and they were shown to arise by chemical degradation during isolation. The mnn1 mnn2 mnn10 acidic oligosaccharide fraction contained a mono- and a diphosphate ester. The monophosphate consisted predominantly of a single isomer with a mannosyl phosphate unit located at the end of the outer chain in an oligosaccharide with the following structure, where x may range from 2 to 12. The diphosphate had a mannosyl phosphate in this formula; see text position as well as one on the terminal alpha 1----6-linked mannose in the core. The presence in the mnn1 mnn9 or mnn1 mnn2 mnn10 background of the mnn4 or mnn6 mutations, which are known to regulate phosphorylation in yeast, reduced phosphorylation by 90% but did not eliminate it. AI-12522
Toward Runtime-Throttleable Neural Networks (2019)

As deep neural network (NN) methods have matured, there has been increasing interest in deploying NN solutions to "edge computing" platforms such as mobile phones or embedded controllers. These platforms are often resource-constrained, especially in energy storage and power, but state-of-the-art NN architectures are designed with little regard for resource use. Existing techniques for reducing the resource footprint of NN models produce static models that occupy a single point in the trade-space between performance and resource use. This paper presents an approach to creating runtime-throttleable NNs that can adaptively balance performance and resource use in response to a control signal. Throttleable networks allow intelligent resource management, for example by allocating fewer resources in "easy" conditions or when battery power is low. We describe a generic formulation of throttling via block-level gating, apply it to create throttleable versions of several standard CNN architectures, and demonstrate that our approach allows smooth performance throttling over a wide range of operating points in image classification and object detection tasks, with only a small loss in peak accuracy.
Randomized rumor spreading (2002)

Investigates the class of epidemic algorithms that are commonly used for the lazy transmission of updates to distributed copies of a database. These algorithms use a simple randomized communication mechanism to ensure robustness. Suppose n players communicate in parallel rounds in each of which every player calls a randomly selected communication partner. In every round, players can generate rumors (updates) that are to be distributed among all players. Whenever communication is established between two players, each one must decide which of the rumors to transmit. The major problem is that players might not know which rumors their partners have already received. For example, a standard algorithm forwarding each rumor form the calling to the called players for /spl Theta/(ln n) rounds needs to transmit the rumor /spl Theta/(n ln n) times in order to ensure that every player finally receives the rumor with high probability. We investigate whether such a large communication overhead is inherent to epidemic algorithms. On the positive side, we show that the communication overhead can be reduced significantly. We give an algorithm using only O(n ln ln n) transmissions and O(ln n) rounds. In addition, we prove the robustness of this algorithm. On the negative side, we show that any address-oblivious algorithm needs to send /spl Omega/(n ln ln n) messages for each rumor, regardless of the number of rounds. Furthermore, we give a general lower bound showing that time and communication optimality cannot be achieved simultaneously using random phone calls, i.e. every algorithm that distributes a rumor in O(ln n) rounds needs /spl omega/(n) transmissions.
Tissue microstructure information from T2 relaxometry and diffusion MRI can identify multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions undergoing blood-brain barrier breakdown (BBB) (2019)

International audience
Clock drift reduction for relative time slot TDMA-based sensor networks (2005)

In an ad hoc sensor network clock synchronization is a serious issue as nodes in the sensor network have different clock drifts. One of the common solutions for the time synchronization among these nodes is the active transmission of time stamp messages. However this method consumes some resources and channel bandwidth, and is not suitable for resource constrained nodes in the sensor network. This work presents a novel method with minimum overhead that reduces clock drift effects in the synchronization of nodes in sensor networks using relative time-slot referencing TDMA based MAC protocol.
Tag quantity estimation for RFID based on probability (2010)

Anti-Collision algorithm based on probability can be used to estimate the number of frame slots needed at the next query round in tag identification of RFID. Each tag is equipped with a random counter to save the number that is relevant to whether the tag responds the query of reader or not. For this specific anti-collision algorithm, estimating the number of tags is the most important step in the algorithm. The estimation decides the best number of frame slots that minimises the number of collisions and maximises the tag identification speeds in RFID communication. In this paper, an algorithm for estimating the number of tags in the interrogation zone based on Pigeonhole Principle is presented - when number of collision is more than 50% of frame size in the presented query round, both the identification and idle will therefore occupy less than 50% of frame size. When the idle and identification becomes less than 50% of frame size, the indentifying speed will become slower. The presented algorithm analyses the numbers of collisions, idles, and identifications in the present query round to evaluate the optimal number of time slots for the next query round. The experiment results show that the presented algorithm is efficient for estimating the real number of tags.
Properties of Transparent Color Coating Glass Fabricated by Sol-Gel Technology (2007)

Color sol was fabricated and coated it on glass substrate using sol-gel method. Silicate sol prepared by the use of commercially available tetraethoxysilane(TEOS), tetramethoxysilane (TMOS), methoxysilane(MTSO), phenytrimethoxysilane(PTMS) as a raw material of alkoxysilane family, and C.I. solvent red 122 and C.I. solvent yellow 82 as a organic dye, and C.I. pigment blue 28 and C.I. pigment red 26 as a pigment. Colored thin films were fabricated with changing the withdrawal speed by dip coating method, and heat treatment at 100~400°C. The visible light transmittance of colored thin film was measured with UV/VIS spectrophotometer, the surface hardness measured by pencil test, the surface turbidity measured by haze meter, and the film thickness was measureded by Alpha-step surface profiler.
Coupling impedance and energy loss with magnet laminations (1985)

The purpose of this note is to review the calculation of longitudinal coupling impedance for the Fermilab Booster and to estimte the energy loss in the magnet laminations.
Tannins and related compounds. LV Isolation and characterization of acutissimins A and B, novel tannins from Quercus and Castanea species. (1987)

Two novel and closely related tannins, designated as acutissimins A (1) and B (2), have been isolated from various Fagaceous plants : Quercus acutissima, Q. miyagii, Q. stenophylla, Q. mongolica var. grosseserrata and Castanea crenata. Degradative and synthetic studies combined with 1H- and 13C-NMR spectrometry and various mass spectral measurements have permitted the assignments. of the structures, in which (+) -catechin (4) and the C-glycosylated ellagitannin, castalagin (3), are connected through a carbon-carbon linkage.
Parallel 1024-ch Cyclic Voltammetry on Monolithic CMOS Electrochemical Detector Array (2019)

Large-scale microelectrode arrays offers enhanced spatiotemporal resolution in electrophysiology studies. In this paper, we discuss the design and performance of an electrochemical detector array which is capable of 1024-ch parallel cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical detector is fabricated using a custom-designed CMOS chip, which integrates both the circuity and on-chip microelectrode array, to operate the array and record electrochemical signals. For parallel 1024-ch recordings, 1024 capacitor-based integrating transimpedance amplifiers are designed. The amplifier design features bipolar capabilities for measuring both negative and positive electrochemical currents due to reduction and oxidation reactions. The cyclic voltammetry functionality was validated by measuring the double-layer capacitance of the on-chip electrode array. Cyclic voltammetry can be used to examine the quality of electrochemical electrodes by measuring the double-layer capacitance that forms at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Double-layer capacitance is a function of the effective area of the electrode. A contaminated electrode can have smaller effective area resulting in smaller double-layer capacitance. Using the parallel cyclic voltammetry capability of the monolithic CMOS device, the double layer capacitance of all 1024 electrodes can be simultaneously measured to examine the status of the electrode array in real time. The initial measurement of the electrode array showed a mean capacitance of 0.47 nF. After plasma treatment to remove contamination on the electrode's surface, the increased capacitance was 1.36 nF nearly tripling the effective surface area. This method can accelerate the characterization of an electrode array before analytical experiments to provide well-controlled electrochemical electrodes, which are crucial in conducting reliable electrochemical measurements.
Mechanism of Lysophosphatidic Acid-Induced Amyloid Fibril Formation of β2-Microglobulin in Vitro under Physiological Conditions (2009)

Beta(2)-microglobulin- (beta2m-) based fibril deposition is the key symptom in dialysis-related amyloidosis. beta2m readily forms amyloid fibrils in vitro at pH 2.5. However, it is not well understood which factors promote this process in vivo, because beta2m cannot polymerize at neutral pH without additives even at elevated concentration. Here we show that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), an in vivo occurring lysophospholipid mediator, promotes amyloid formation under physiological conditions through a complex mechanism. In the presence of LPA, at and above its critical micelle concentration, native beta2m became sensitive to limited proteolytic digestion, indicating increased conformational flexibility. Isothermal titration calorimetry indicates that beta2m exhibits high affinity for LPA. Fluorescence and CD spectroscopy, as well as calorimetry, showed that LPA destabilizes the structure of monomeric beta2m inducing a partially unfolded form. This intermediate is capable of fibril extension in a nucleation-dependent manner. Our findings also indicate that the molecular organization of fibrils formed under physiological conditions differs from that of fibrils formed at pH 2.5. Fibrils grown in the presence of LPA depolymerize very slowly in the absence of LPA; moreover, LPA stabilizes the fibrils even below its critical micelle concentration. Neither the amyloidogenic nor the fibril-stabilizing effects of LPA were mimicked by its structural and functional lysophospholipid analogues, showing its selectivity. On the basis of our findings and the observed increase in blood LPA levels in dialysis patients, we suggest that the interaction of LPA with beta2m might contribute to the pathomechanism of dialysis-related amyloidosis.
An Amphotericin B–Fluorescein Conjugate as a Powerful Probe for Biochemical Studies of the Membrane (2004)

In dieser Zuschrift wurden während der Drucklegung versehentlich die Adressen einiger der Autoren vertauscht. Die richtigen Institutszugehörigkeiten sind hier angegeben.1
A comparison of soft-in/soft-out algorithms for 'turbo-detection' (1998)

In turbo--detection the &amp;quot;turbo principle&amp;quot; is applied to joint equalization and decoding. The performance of a turbo scheme strongly depends on the quality of the soft values passed between the soft--in/soft-- out decoders. In this paper we describe the differences between optimum and suboptimum soft--in/soft--out algorithms for equalization and decoding and compare them in a turbo--detection scheme concerning complexity and performance for perfect and mismatched channel estimation. Furthermore, a possibility to improve the soft--values of suboptimum algorithms which tend to be too optimistic is mentioned. I. INTRODUCTION AND PRINCIPLE OF TURBO--DETECTION The &amp;quot;turbo principle&amp;quot; which was first applied to parallel concatenated convolutional codes (&amp;quot;turbo--codes&amp;quot;) in [1] can be applied to many detection and decoding problems. The idea of turbo--codes is to build a strong code by concatenation of simple component codes so that decoding can be performed in steps using algorithms of managea...
Evidence that an archaeal alpha-like DNA polymerase has a modular organization of its associated catalytic activities. (1994)

In this study we report on the evidence that an alpha-like DNA polymerase purified from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus has a modular organization of its associated catalytic activities (polymerase and 3'-5' exonuclease). This enzyme, a monomer of about 100 kDa whose complete primary structure is available, has a protease hypersensitive site that is likely to be cleaved by the action of endogenous proteases during the purification procedure. As a consequence of that, two proteolytic fragments of about 50 and 40 kDa, in addition to the intact 100-kDa molecular species, can be detected upon SDS-PAGE of highly purified S. solfataricus DNA polymerase samples. The amino-terminal microsequence analysis by Edman degradation has revealed that the 50- and the 40-kDa polypeptides correspond to the carboxyl- and the amino-terminal portion of the protein molecule, respectively. Using the bidimensional activity gel assay procedure, recently described by Longley and Mosbaugh (Longley, M. J., and Mosbaugh, D. W. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 2655-2664), we have demonstrated that the 50-kDa fragment retains a Mg(2+)-dependent DNA polymerizing activity, whereas the 40-kDa polypeptide is able to catalyze the excision of mispaired nucleotides at the 3'-OH terminus of a primer/template DNA substrate in the presence of Mn2+ ions. On the other hand, the 100-kDa protein possess both activities. To date, this is the first report indicating, on the basis of direct functional data, that the polymerization and the 3'-5' exonuclease activity of a family B DNA polymerase can be ascribed to physically distinct modules of the enzyme molecule.
Treatment of advanced gastrointestinal cancer with genetically modified autologous mesenchymal stem cells - TREAT-ME-1 - a phase I, first in human, first in class trial (2017)

Treatment with MSC_apceth_101 in combination with GCV demonstrated acceptable safety and tolerability in patients with advanced gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma.
Defending Survivors: Case Studies of the Michigan Women's Justice & Clemency Project (2015)

In the United States, the pursuit of clemency in cases involving battered women who defended themselves against abusers and prisoners on death row has raised crucial legal questions about the flaws and failures of our criminal legal system and the critical role that clemency needs to play in an unjust, oppressive system.Amid the politicized, punitive landscape of recent decades, the widespread grassroots movement for clemency for battered women emerged from a larger feminist movement to challenge sexist laws, unfair trials, excessive sentences, and the denial of equal rights that results from systemic injustice on the basis of gender, race, or sexual bias.In a comprehensive review of the fifty-five cases that comprised the original caseload of the Michigan Women's Justice & Clemency Project-most of them involving convictions for murder or manslaughter-this study categorizes and analyzes the cases and outcomes on the basis of types of confrontations and gender, race, and economic issues.In addition to reflecting upon the lessons and losses, accomplishments and failures, political strategies, and creative tools assembled in more than two decades of grassroots struggles for and with incarcerated women, the Article addresses some of the profoundly disturbing human rights abuses perpetrated against women within our current, punitive penal regime.By linking the battered women's clemency movement with other growing movements such as the innocence, anti-death penalty, and prison abolition movements, the Article contributes to the growing body of research and advocacy that is changing public policies and implementing feminist change in the criminal processing arena.
Noise and signal decoupling in maximum-likelihood reconstructions and Metz filters for PET brain images (1994)

Images reconstructed with the maximum-likelihood-by-expectation-maximization (ML) algorithm have lower noise in some regions, particularly low count areas, compared with images reconstructed with filtered backprojection (FBP). The use of statistically correct noise model coupled with the positivity constraint in the ML algorithm provides this noise improvement, but whether this model confers a general advantage for ML over FBP with no noise model and any reconstruction filter, is unclear. We have studied the quantitative impact of the correct noise model in the ML algorithm applied to simulated and real PET fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG) brain images, given a simplified but accurate reconstruction model with spatially invariant resolution. For FBP reconstruction, several Metz filters were chosen and images with different resolution were obtained depending on the order (1-400) of the Metz filters. Comparisons were made based on the mean Fourier spectra of the projection amplitudes, the noise-power spectra, and the mean region-of-interest signal and noise behaviour in the images. For images with resolution recovery beyond the intrinsic detector resolution, the noise increased significantly for FBP compared with ML. This indicates that in the process of signal recovery using ML, the noise is decoupled from the signal. Such noise decoupling is not possible for FBP. However, for image resolution equivalent to or less than the intrinsic detector resolution, FBP with Metz filters of various orders can achieve a performance similar to ML. The significance of the noise decoupling advantage in ML is dependent on the reconstructed image resolution required for specific imaging tasks.
OP07.04: Screening for placental insufficiency by uterine artery Doppler at 11–14 weeks in high risk patients (2006)

To evaluate the performance of uterine artery Doppler at 11–14 weeks of gestation in predicting the risk for pre-eclampsia or fetal growth restriction (FGR) in high risk patients. 259 pregnant women recruited from a high risk population (previous history of placental insufficiency, second or third-trimester fetal loss, chronic hypertension, obesity, diabetes,…) were evaluated during the first-trimester scan. The presence of uni- or bilateral notches, resistance and pulsatility indexes of both uterine arteries were recorded by transabdominal Doppler ultrasound. The outcomes measures were pre-eclampsia and FGR (< 10th centile). Complicated pre-eclampsia, FGR below the 3th centile or patients requiring delivery before 32 weeks were considered as severe. Statistical comparison between screening parameters was performed using ROC curve analysis. Recording of both uterine arteries was possible in 241 (93%) patients and outcome was obtained for 252 patients (97.3%). Pre-eclampsia occurred in 59 (23.4%) and FGR in 82 (32.5%) with a total of 29 (11.5%) severe or complicated outcome. Performance of uterine artery notches, RI and PI were similar with an area under ROC curve of 0.68; 066 and 0.67 respectively. Combining uterine artery notches and RI was the best screening strategy reaching an area under ROC curve of 0.79. The sensitivity of bilateral notches and a mean RI > 0.685 was 80% (86% for severe outcome) with a specificity of 62%. Association of bilateral uterine artery notching and RI may be a useful tool in high risk patients to predict those at risk for placental insufficiency as they may the target of choice for future treatments to improve placental development.
Predictors of complete pathological response (pT0) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC). (2014)

e15501 Background: Randomized trials support the use of NAC in MIBC due to survival advantage which appeared to be strongly related to down staging of the cancer to pT0. However, only 30-40% of patients receiving NAC have a pT0 response at cystectomy and the remaining have either residual disease or progressive disease. The purpose of our study is to identify factors which could predict a pT0 response to NAC. Methods: Among 310 patients who underwent robotic cystectomy at our institute from 2007 to 2013, we identified 48 patients who received NAC for MIBC. We did a retrospective study dividing these 48 patients into 2 groups- pT0 group and those without pT0 (either residual or progressive disease). Factors including age, histology, multifocality, hydronephrosis at initial presentation and type of chemotherapy were examined by both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to see if they predict pT0 response to NAC. The tests were two-sided and tested at level alpha=0.05. Results: Twelve (25%) of the 48 patients had pT0 response at cystectomy, 18 (37.5%) had progressive disease and 18 (37.5%) had residual disease. Median age of the cohort was 67.5 years, median glomerular filtration rate at presentation was 86 ml/min, median number of chemotherapy cycles was 3 and median time from end of chemotherapy to surgery was 4.3 weeks. The odds of pT0 response for pure urothelial carcinoma (UC) was approximately 4.5 times higher relative to cancers with additional transitional cell variants or non-urothelial components (mixed tumors) [Odds Ratio, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.99; p=0.0489], including squamous, glandular differentiation, micropapillary, sarcomatoid, nested component and lymphoepithelioma. Absence of multifocality, absence of hydronephrosis and receipt of cisplatin based chemotherapy (compared to non-cisplatin chemotherapy) favored pT0 response without statistical significance. Conclusions: In this study, presence of pure UC favored pT0 response to NAC as compared to those with mixed tumors. The results and trends are hypothesis generating. These potential predictors warrant further investigation in larger studies which could lead to ideal selection of patients for NAC.