gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IC‐P‐032: Effect of measurement variability on hippocampal volume‐based clinical trial enrichment (2013)

Hippocampal volume (HPV) measured from structural MRI scans was recently qualified by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) as an enrichment biomarker to enroll pre-demented Alzheimer's Disease subjects with a higher likelihood of imminent progression to Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, in order to be applied as an enrichment biomarker, practical questions such as the selection of cut-point, the clinical trajectories of the selected population and the effect of measurement viability on enrichment performance must be addressed. We assessed the impact of HPV measurement variability on the enrichment performance based on clinical endpoint trajectories, using the ADNI-1 MCI population (N=290) and the LEAP hippocampal segmentation algorithm. We simulated 1000 datasets by randomly sampling HPV for each subject under a Gaussian distribution with standard deviation of 1.93% (calculated in the ADNI-1 test-retest dataset) around the actual measured values. A set of cut-points corresponding to 1 st to 50 th percentile of the ADNI-1 normal population was applied. The effect size (in 1 year follow-up) and sample size (25% decrease in slope, 80% power and 5% significance level) of a set of clinical endpoints (MMSE, ADAS-Cog, CDR-SB) were calculated to evaluate the enrichment performance. These results were compared with empirical results in the same ADNI-1 MCI dataset based on four different hippocampal segmentation algorithms (LEAP, HMAPs, FreeSurfer and NeuroQuant). As shown in Figure 1, while enrichment outperforms the non-enriched scenario for most cut-off points, the optimal performance is achieved in the 5%-20% range, where the improvement is greater than two standard deviations of imputed measurement variability. For most cut-points, the 95% confidence intervals around the estimated effect sizes and sample sizes are <1% of the mean value for MMSE and CDR-SB, and <2% for ADAS-Cog13. Finally, the variability due to different HPV segmentation algorithms is comparable with measurement variability. Using cut-points derived from a normative reference population, we demonstrated that the enrichment based on low HCV can increase the effect size and statistical power in the clinical trials in the MCI population. The simulation results suggested that this enrichment strategy will result in a more homogeneous clinical populations being despite known measurement variability. The effect size and sample size estimated for simulated dataset (to evaluate measurement variability) and empirical dataset under different cut-off points (% of normal subjects).
The research of plug-in extension technology based on Android multimedia player platform (2011)

Google launched a mobile platform Android in November 2007. Since the source code of Android was released to people, a large number of communities have organized around Android.This paper studies an open-source audio and video solution FFmpeg, presenting a plug-in multimedia player software platform based on Android.The platform is an improvement and innovation for Android system's multimedia player software platform.
Assessment of Pain and Activity Using an Electronic Pain Diary and Actigraphy Device in a Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Crossover Trial of Celecoxib in Osteoarthritis of the Knee (2014)

We have identified composite pain-activity measures that are similarly or more responsive than pain-alone measures in patients with OA. Further research is warranted to determine the optimal method for computing these composites.
GERMANIUM. XXXVII. GERMANIUM DIOXIDE GEL. PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES1 (1932)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGERMANIUM. XXXVII. GERMANIUM DIOXIDE GEL. PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES1A. W. Laubengayer and P. L. BrandtCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1932, 54, 2, 549–552Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1932https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01341a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01341a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reproductive parameters of male crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) subjected to pharmacological semen collection by urethral catheterization (2022)

The crab-eating fox inhabits all Brazilian biomes, but little is known about its in situ reproduction. The objective of this study was to assess the pharmacological semen collection by urethral catheterization in crab-eating foxes. In addition, we compare seminal and reproductive biometric parameters between juveniles and adults, as well as between the breeding season (June to September) and the non-breeding season (October to May). For this study, free-living crab-eating foxes (individuals n = 8; adult = 6 and juvenile = 2; capture events N = 10) were captured in the Pantanal using Tomahawk traps. Biometric parameters, such as testis volume, differed between juveniles and adults, but there was no difference when comparing adults across seasons. All eight attempts to collect semen from adults were successful, but attempts to collect from juveniles were unsuccessful. The average semen volume (±SD) was 39.13 ± 21.98 µL, with motility averaging 40 ± 29.01 % and vigor of 2.57 ± 0.79. The sperm concentration was 277.57 ± 298.74 × 106 sperm/mL, and the percentage of morphologically normal sperm was 50.1 ± 14.7 on average. Significant increases were observed in sperm motility, concentration, and the proportion of sperm with normal morphology during the breeding season. It is the first time that pharmacological collection has been performed on the species and the first time that semen has been collected from free-living C. thous. The results suggest that male crab-eating foxes exhibit temporal variation in seminal quality, providing additional evidence that this species is a seasonal breeder.
Pregnancy outcome in 100 women with autoimmune diseases and anti-Ro/SSA antibodies: a prospective controlled study (2002)

Anti-Ro/SSA antibodies are associated with neonatal lupus but are also considered a possible cause for unexplained pregnancy loss and adverse pregnancy outcome. In a large multicentres cohort study we have prospectively followed 100 anti-Ro/SSA positive women (53 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)) during their 122 pregnancies and 107 anti-Ro/SSA negative women (58 SLE) (140 pregnancies). Anti-Ro/SSA antibodies were tested by immunoblot and counterimunoelectrophoresis. Mean gestational age at delivery (38 vs 37.9 weeks), prevalence of pregnancy loss (9.9 vs 18.6%), preterm birth (21.3 vs 13.9%), cesarean sections (49.2 vs 53.4%), premature rupture of membranes (4.9 vs 8.1%), preeclampsia (6.6 vs 8%), intrauterine growth retardation (0 vs 2.3%)and newborns small for gestational age (11.5 vs 5.8%) were similar in anti-Ro/SSA positive and negative SLE mothers; findings were similar in non-SLE women. Two cases of congenital heart block were observed out of 100 anti-Ro/SSA positive women. In conclusion, anti-Ro/SSA antibodies are responsible for congenital heart block but do not affect other pregnancy outcomes, both in SLE and in non-SLE women. The general outcome of these pregnancies is now very good, ifprospectively followed by multidisciplinary teams with ample experience in this field.
Abundance, Betweenness Centrality, Hydrophobicity, and Isoelectric Points Are Relevant Factors in the Processing of Parental Proteins of the HLA Class II Ligandome (2021)

Adaptive cellular and humoral immune responses to infectious agents require previous recognition of pathogenic peptides bound to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules exposed on the surface of the professional antigen-presenting cells. Knowledge of how these peptide ligands are generated is essential to understand the basis for CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell-mediated immunity and tolerance. In this study, a high-throughput mass spectrometry analysis was used to identify more than 16,000 cell peptides bound to several HLA-DR and -DP class II molecules isolated from large amounts of uninfected and virus-infected human cells (ProteomeXchange accession: PXD028006). The analysis of the 1808 parental proteins containing HLA class II ligands revealed that these cell proteins were more acidic, abundant, and highly connected but less hydrophilic than non-parental proteomes. Therefore, the percentage of acidic residues was increased and hydroxyl and polar residues were decreased in the parental proteins for the HLA class II ligandomes versus the non-parental proteomes. This definition of the properties shared by parental proteins that constitute the source of the HLA class II ligandomes can serve as the basis for the development of bioinformatics tools to predict proteins that are most likely recognized by the immune system through the CD4<sup>+</sup> helper T lymphocytes in both autoimmunity and infection.
Hybrid phase-matching for optical parametric amplification of few-cycle infrared pulses (2020)

Simple and compact laser systems facilitate the stable and reproducible generation of high-power few-cycle laser pulses. We demonstrate the amplification of 15 fs pulses at 2.1 µm, employing a hybrid phase-matching scheme for optical parametric chirped pulse amplification. A combination of two BBO crystals with type-I and type-II phase-matching placed in close vicinity is utilized as a single amplification stage. This allows for a greatly simplified layout, achieving high conversion efficiency while avoiding the backconversion regime and the associated spatiotemporal distortions. The resulting system yields mJ-level pulses with integrated electro-optic sampling to directly measure the output waveform and study ultrafast light–matter interaction.
Plant cell walls. Final progress report for the period August 1, 2000 - June 30, 2001 (2000)

Page Not Found - If you're seeing this page, it's because the URL you requested cannot be located. It might not exist or maybe you mistyped it into your browser. But, if you think it's our mistake, please let us know. Otherwise, you have a few options: try using our navigation bar at the top of this page, visit our home page, or browse our products below. - Homepage Basic Content,
A Virtualized Network Function for Advanced Network Flow Logging in Microsoft Azure Distributed System (2018)

Storing, viewing, and analyzing network flows in a Cloud environment is an important Virtualized Network Function (VNF) for Cloud tenants and users. It is used to store, track, and analyze traffic that belongs to Virtual Networks (VNETs), Virtual Machines (VMs), or Network Interfaces (NICs). It is used for logging ingress and egress IP traffic flows, number of bytes and packets transmitted and received, and network connections. Flow logging is critical for the investigation of firewall functionalities, security incidents, and threat detection. Moreover, it can be used for detecting connection and network anomalies such as connection outages, configuration changes, or malicious activities. Alerts can be fired for any suspicious network activities. Visualization of flows logs provides insights such as who is using a web-service or an application, when customers are logged in and out, and what are the geographical locations where connections are being initiated or terminated. In this paper, a novel method for VNF that details the framework for logging network flows in a Cloud environment is provided. The method aims at accommodating multiple and simulations Cloud tenants and enabling the logging of network flows while at the same time accommodates high incoming rates of flow events and data. One of the major benefits of this new method is that it supports high number of flows per second that facilitates flow logging of high traffic volumes. Not only customers can experience higher number of flows logged, but the flow logs are visualized and contain the number of packets and bytes transmitted and received for outbound and inbound flows, respectively.
HER3 Is Required for HER2-Induced Preneoplastic Changes to the Breast Epithelium and Tumor Formation (2012)

Increasing evidence suggests that HER2-amplified breast cancer cells use HER3/ErbB3 to drive therapeutic resistance to HER2 inhibitors. However, the role of ErbB3 in the earliest events of breast epithelial transformation remains unknown. Using mouse mammary specific models of Cre-mediated ErbB3 ablation, we show that ErbB3 loss prevents the progressive transformation of HER2-overexpressing mammary epithelium. Decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis were seen in MMTV-HER2 and MMTV-Neu mammary glands lacking ErbB3, thus inhibiting premalignant HER2-induced hyperplasia. Using a transgenic model in which HER2 and Cre are expressed from a single polycistronic transcript, we showed that palpable tumor penetrance decreased from 93.3% to 6.7% upon ErbB3 ablation. Penetrance of ductal carcinomas in situ was also decreased. In addition, loss of ErbB3 impaired Akt and p44/42 phosphorylation in preneoplastic HER2-overexpressing mammary glands and in tumors, decreased growth of preexisting HER2-overexpressing tumors, and improved tumor response to the HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib. These events were rescued by reexpression of ErbB3, but were only partially rescued by ErbB36F, an ErbB3 mutant harboring six tyrosine-to-phenylalanine mutations that block its interaction with phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase. Taken together, our findings suggest that ErbB3 promotes HER2-induced changes in the breast epithelium before, during, and after tumor formation. These results may have important translational implications for the treatment and prevention of HER2-amplified breast tumors through ErbB3 inhibition.
Remembering Nat Durlach (2016)

December 22 2016 Remembering Nat Durlach Rudy Darken Rudy Darken Professor of Computer Science Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943 darken@nps.edu Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Rudy Darken Professor of Computer Science Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943 darken@nps.edu © 2017 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology2017MIT Press Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments (2016) 25 (4): 359–360. https://doi.org/10.1162/PRES_c_00280 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Rudy Darken; Remembering Nat Durlach. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 2016; 25 (4): 359–360. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/PRES_c_00280 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2017 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology2017MIT Press Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Radiometric characterization of ultrahigh radiance xenon short-arc discharge lamps (2008)

Xenon short-arc discharge lamps exhibit ultrahigh radiance with substantial emission beyond the visible, primarily in the near infrared. Their radiance distributions are spatially and angularly inhomogeneous due to both the structure of the plasma arc and the infrared radiation from the electrodes. These characteristics are favorable for high-irradiance biomedical and high-temperature reactor applications that exploit both visible light and infrared radiation. For the affiliated optical designs, full-spectrum radiometry, rather than just visible photometry, is needed and not extensively available. We present experimental measurements for the spectral, spatial, and angular distributions of such 150 W lamps and relate the consequences for such novel applications.
Gene expression signature is shared by patients with Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia at the superior temporal gyrus (2010)

We show overwhelming statistical evidence for Alzheimer's and Schizophrenia sharing a specific molecular background at the superior temporal gyrus. We suggest that impairment of the regulation of autophagy pathway is shared, in BA 22, by the two diseases.
Development of a Palm-sized Miniature Superconducting Bulk Magnet (2012)

The development of a small, light, powerful and energy-efficient superconducting magnet has been desired in order to realize better efficiency and manipulability in guiding magnetic nano-particles, magnetic organic cells and other items to the right place. This study focuses on the development of a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) bulk magnet characterized by comparatively low leak magnetism despite a relatively high magnetic field. On this basis, the authors developed a palm-sized superconducting bulk magnet, which is the world's smallest, lightest, and lowest power consuming, as well as a new technology to effectively magnetize such a bulk magnet in a compact Stirling-cycle cryocooler (magnet C) with a pre-magnetized HTS bulk magnet (magnet B) in a compact cryocooler. This technology is demonstrated in two steps. In the first step, magnet B is magnetized using a superconducting solenoid magnet with a high magnetic field (magnet A) via the field cooling method. In the second step, magnet C is magnetized in the high magnetic field of magnet B. The prototype magnet C weighs 1.8 kg, and measures 235×65×115 mm (L×W×H). Magnet B was magnetized to 4.9 T using a 5 T magnet, and the target, magnet C, was magnetized using magnet B so that its maximum trapped magnetic flux density reached the value of 3.15 T. The net power consumption in a steady cooling state was 23 W, which is very low and comparable to that of a laptop computer.
Multi-Length Scale X-ray Tomography of Li-ion Batteries (2011)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2011 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, August 7–August 11, 2011.
Introduction to Liquid Crystals Chemistry and Physics (2017)

This text relies on only introductory level physics and chemistry as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science. Liquid crystals combine the material properties of solids with the flow properties of fluids. As such they have provided the foundation for a revolution in low- power, flat-panel display technology LCDs. In this book, the essential elements of liquid crystal science are introduced and explained from the perspectives of both the chemist and the physicist.; The text begins with an historical account of the discovery of liquid crystals and continues with a description of how different phases are generated and how different molecular architectures affect liquid crystalline properties. The rest of the book is concerned with understanding and explaining the properties of the various types of liquid crystals, and in the final part of the book, the technology of LCDs is discussed and illustrated.
Interleukin-2 and interleukin-12 mediate distinct effector mechanisms of liver allograft rejection (1997)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-12 (IL-12) or interleukin-4 (IL-4) were administered postoperatively to otherwise spontaneously accepting mouse liver allograft recipients (C57BL/10-->C3H) to test whether TH1 cytokines are critical mediators of rejection in this model. The induction of rejection at days 5 to 7 by exogenously administered IL-2 and IL-12, but not IL-4, suggests that mouse liver allograft rejection can be induced by TH1 cytokines; however, there appeared to be differences in the mechanism by which these cytokines induce liver rejection. IL-2 administration was accompanied by an increased intragraft infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ cells and an up-regulation of natural killer (NK), lymphokine-activated killer (LAK), allospecific cytotoxic killer (CTL) activity and perforin mRNA when compared with media-treated controls. In contrast, exogenous IL-12 treatment was associated with a suppression of CTL, NK, and LAK activity compared with controls but an enhanced infiltration of F4/80+ macrophages as determined by immunohistochemistry. Determination of cytokine mRNA profiles by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed the up-regulation of interferon (IFN)-gamma, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNA with IL-2 treatment when compared with media-treated controls. Interestingly, IL-2 mRNA was down-regulated in these animals, suggesting a negative feedback mechanism in IL-2 regulation. IL-12 treatment resulted in the up-regulation of IFN-gamma, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNA, but not IL-2 or IL-4 mRNA. Higher complement-directed cytotoxic antibody titers were seen in IL-12-treated recipients compared with controls, whereas IL-2 treatment showed no apparent differences in antibody titers compared with media treatment. These in vivo observations were mimicked in a mixed leukocyte reaction by supplementing the reaction with IL-2, IL-12, or media. These results suggest that rejection of mouse liver allografts may involve more than one distinct cellular immunological effector mechanism. One is mediated by IL-2 and appears to favor alloreactive CTL, whereas the other pathway is mediated by IL-12/IFN-gamma and involves macrophages and cytotoxic antibodies largely resembling a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction.
Copying Holograms (1966)

A technique for producing many copies from one hologram is presented. This method involves using either the real or the virtual image (or both) reconstructed by a hologram as an object for a second hologram, with the undiffracted or zero-order wavefront being used as the reference beam. Such a procedure allows duplicating the first hologram without requiring close contact between the two emulsions involved. As in the recording of original holograms, a laser is used for the copying described.