gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Cesium Lithium Borate (1995)

Nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of CsLiB 6 O 10 (CLBO) have been investigated. Frequency quadrupling of the 1.064 µ m Nd:YAG laser output for type-I phase matching was observed by using CLBO. The walk-off angle and the effective NLO coefficient deff were estimated to be 1.83° and 1.01 pm/V for fourth harmonics generation of Nd:YAG laser output, respectively. Phase matching for sum frequency generation of 4ω (fourth harmonics of Nd:YAG laser)+ω (fundamental of Nd:YAG laser), resulting in fifth harmonics of Nd:YAG laser output, has been observed.
A direct torque and reactive power control approach for doubly fed induction generator in wind turbine applications (2012)

This paper focuses on a new direct torque and reactive power control approach for doubly fed induction generators for wind turbines. In order to design the rotor side controller and study the transient behavior, equations which directly describe the dynamics of the torque and reactive power in a doubly fed induction generator are proposed in this paper. Relying on these equations, controllers using internal model control are discussed to guarantee the transient behaviors of the torque and reactive power. These controllers are designed based on stator flux orientation but can also be implemented in a stationary reference frame, where the full order model of the doubly fed induction generator is considered. The stability and robustness of the proposed control approach are demonstrated in the paper. The proposed control approach is implemented and validated in Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results demonstrate different transient dynamics with different transient compensations and the robustness of the proposed direct control approach.
Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line carrying the Parkinson’s disease linked LRRK2 variant S1647T (2016)

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from a clinically diagnosed 64-year old male Parkinson's disease (PD) patient with S1647T variant in the LRRK2 gene. The PMBCs were reprogrammed with the human OSKM transcription factors using the Sendai-virus reprogramming system. The transgene-free iPSC showed pluripotency confirmed by immunofluorescent staining for pluripotency markers and differentiated into the 3 germ layers in vivo. The iPSC line also showed normal karyotype. This cellular model will be useful for further function studies and therapeutic screening.
In Vivo Middle Ear Imaging with a Light Field Otoscope (2015)

We present a novel design of a light field otoscope for use in pediatric primary care settings to acquire diagnostic features such as 3D shape and multispectral information. Compared to prior art, the prototype improves speed, field-of-view, depth-of-field and illumination.
Interconnection concepts for rigid micro-electrodes of a dielectric elastomer bending tube actuator (2011)

A new concept for a tube-like dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) utilizes rigid micro-electrodes to stabilize the tube structure in azimuthal direction. The individual electrodes are stacked in axial direction within the tube wall. An axial arrangement of a number of those electrode stacks forms a single actuator filament. Application of electrical voltage induces mechanical tension into those stacks by the effect of Maxwell-stress. The interaction of individual electrodes causes a change of the total length of selected actuator filaments. A circular arrangement of a number of actuator filaments allows bending of the tube in any direction. The desired tube actuator is focused on thin walled structures with an outer diameter less than 6 mm and an available wall thickness of less than 0.4 mm. To supply individual electrode stacks with different electric potentials an efficient electrical circuit has to be integrated within the DEA structure. The challenges for the design and fabrication of this circuit primarily lie on the micro-electrode dimensions, the minimization of electrical resistances and severe requirements regarding low mechanical interference. As assumption the actuator electrodes are already stacked and each individual electrode must be accessible at the edge. Considering different surface manufacturing technologies an especially shaped conductor geometry should be deposited onto the electrode edges and the surrounding dielectric. The design of the interconnections considers electrical and mechanical requirements as well as the definition of applicable material parameters. The present work details different concepts for interconnecting rigid electrodes of a thin walled tube-like DEA and discusses related manufacturing technologies.
On Boundary Conditions for Cavitation CFD and System Dynamics of Closed Loop Channel (2011)

The unsteady two dimensional CFD for the cavitation in a orifice passage were carried out by using a commercial software ANSYS-CFX. The mass flow rate and the static pressure were controlled at the inlet and the outlet boundaries respectively. The CFD result showed periodic fluctuation of the cavitation flow. The time derivative of the cavitation volume showed relatively good agreement with the difference of the inlet and the outlet volume flow rate. The periodic fluctuation was ceased by the extension of the passage length downstream of the cavitation. The periodic fluctuation of cavitation flow was also induced by the fluctuation of the inlet volume flow rate or the fluctuation of the outlet static pressure. The dynamic flow behavior of the closed loop system including the orifice were analyzed by using the orifice cavitation CFD with the inlet and the outlet boundary conditions derived from the lumped parameter system dynamics for the tank, the pump and the pipes in the loop.
<title>Uncooled infrared sensors for surveillance and law enforcement applications</title> (1997)

Uncooled infrared imaging technology provides a new, affordable, high performance tool for both conventional and emerging applications in the surveillance and law enforcement markets. This technology offers users significant advantages, including high reliability, low power consumption, excellent image clarity, and good performance in adverse environments. This paper briefly discusses the various technologies used for night imaging, the advantages that infrared systems offer law enforcement and surveillance applications, how uncooled infrared systems fit into this market, and the status of uncooled microbolometer systems at Lockheed Martin.
Aging effects of leakage optimizations for caches (2010)

Besides static power consumption, sub-90nm devices have to account for NBTI effects, which are one of the major concerns about system reliability.
A Study on the Effect of Food Containing Pine Bark Extract on Vascular Endothelial Function―A randomized, Double—blind, Placebo—controlled, Parallel—group Study― (2020)

Objectives　A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted to evaluate the effect of food containing pine bark extract（PBE）on vascular endothelial function in healthy subjects. Methods　Forty healthy subjects with a body mass index（BMI）＜30 were enrolled in the present study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups and ingested either a food containing pine bark extract or a food without pine bark extract（placebo）for 8 weeks. Vascular endothelial function was evaluated by flow-mediated dilation（FMD）measured before, and at 4 and 8 weeks following ingestion. Results　After 8 weeks, FMD improved significantly in the PBE group compared with the placebo group（P＜0.05）. Conclusions　These results indicate that the food containing pine bark extract improves the vascular endothelial function in healthy subjects. （UMIN-CTR ID: UMI36602）
Supplementary Table 1 from Topotecan and Doxorubicin Combination to Treat Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: The Influence of Drug Exposure Time and Delivery Systems to Achieve Optimum Therapeutic Activity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 72 KB, Mean IC50 values of topotecan and doxorubicin as assessed in ovarian cancer cell lines ES-2, SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3.&lt;/p&gt;
Implementation of High Speed and Low Power Carry Select Adder with BEC (2021)

One of the most substantial areas of research in VLSI is the design of power-efficient and high-speed data path logic systems. The speed of addition is constrained in digital adders by the time taken to propagate a carry through the adder. When the previous bit has been added and the carry generated from this addition is propagated onto the next bit, the sum for each bit in an elementary adder is generated sequentially in this manner. In several computer systems, the Carry Select Adder (CSLA) is used to mitigate the issue of carry propagation delay by generating multiple carry bits and then selecting a carry for the desired output. The CSLA, however, is not area-efficient since it utilizes several Ripple Carry Adders (RCA) pairs to produce partial sum and carry by considering carry data, and then multiplexers pick the final sum and carry (mux). The core concept of this study is to use the Binary to Excess-1 Converter (BEC) to achieve high speed and low-power consumption instead of the RCA in the regular CSLA. The results have been analyzed and compared for implementation of three adders (conventional CSA, CSA with RCA, CSA with BEC). The results from the performance evaluations of the adders are compared with each other. All the simulation is carried out in 45nm technology. The delay of CSA and CSA with RCA are same, but the main difference is in reduction of area and power. Similarly when CSA(BEC) and CSA(RCA) are compared, the area has been reduced by approximately 18.67% and power has been reduced by 25.85%.
Type-1 ribosome-inactivating protein from iris (Iris hollandica var. Professor Blaauw) binds specific genomic DNA fragments (2001)

The capacity of IRIP, a type-1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) isolated from the bulbs of Iris hollandica, to bind specific DNA sequences from a mixture of approx. 200 bp (average length) fragments of total genomic DNA from Iris genome was studied. Fragments that were preferentially bound by IRIP were enriched by several cycles of affinity binding and PCR, and were cloned and sequenced. The selected DNA fragments do not share conserved sequences, indicating that IRIP does not bind DNA fragments in a strictly sequence-specific manner. According to sequence analysis, most IRIP-bound fragments contain one or more possible free energy-stable hairpin structure(s) in their secondary structure, which may be the basis for recognition between IRIP and these DNA fragments. Some, but not all, DNA fragments moderately lower the RNA N-glycosidase activity of IRIP towards rabbit reticulocyte lysate ribosomes. IRIP does not remove adenines from the binding fragments, which implies that it does not act as a polynucleotide:adenosine glycosidase towards these DNA fragments. The selective binding of IRIP to conspecific DNA fragments is also discussed in view of the novel concept that RIPs may act as DNA-binding proteins with a regulatory activity on gene expression.
Double tearing mode in plasmas with anomalous electron viscosity (2003)

The linear behavior of the double tearing mode in plasmas with a phenomenological anomalous electron viscosity is investigated within the framework of magnetohydrodynamic theory. In the large Reynolds number R=τv/τh (τv and τh are, respectively, the viscosity penetration time of the magnetic field and the Alfvén time for a plasma sheet of width a) limit, the growth rate is found to scale as R−1/5 if the two resonant surfaces, at x=±xs, are close enough to satisfy xs/a≪(kya)−11/15R−1/15. For larger separation between the resonant surfaces, the growth rate transits to a R−1/3 scaling. The transition occurs at xs/a∼(kya)−11/15R−1/15. The R−1/5 is shown to be closely correlated with the violation of the constant-ψ approximation. The nonlinear velocity perturbations associated with the unstable double tearing mode are estimated to saturate at a level high enough to serve as a trigger for the formation of transport barriers observed in advanced tokamaks.
Automatic generation of a coarse grained WordNet (2001)

This paper discusses automatic generation of a coarse grained WordNet.
5-Amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid monohydrate (2008)

The title compound, C(8)H(4)I(3)NO(4)·H(2)O, shows an extensive hydrogen-bond network; in the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O, N-H⋯O and O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds involving all possible donors and also the water mol-ecule.
The Feasibility and Inevitability of Stealth Attacks (2021)

We develop and study new adversarial perturbations that enable an attacker to gain control over decisions in generic Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems including deep learning neural networks. In contrast to adversarial data modification, the attack mechanism we consider here involves alterations to the AI system itself. Such a stealth attack could be conducted by a mischievous, corrupt or disgruntled member of a software development team. It could also be made by those wishing to exploit a ``democratization of AI'' agenda, where network architectures and trained parameter sets are shared publicly. We develop a range of new implementable attack strategies with accompanying analysis, showing that with high probability a stealth attack can be made transparent, in the sense that system performance is unchanged on a fixed validation set which is unknown to the attacker, while evoking any desired output on a trigger input of interest. The attacker only needs to have estimates of the size of the validation set and the spread of the AI's relevant latent space. In the case of deep learning neural networks, we show that a one neuron attack is possible - a modification to the weights and bias associated with a single neuron - revealing a vulnerability arising from over-parameterization. We illustrate these concepts using state of the art architectures on two standard image data sets. Guided by the theory and computational results, we also propose strategies to guard against stealth attacks.
Supplementary Data from Anti-KIT DNA Aptamer for Targeted Labeling of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1&lt;/p&gt;
Metal vs. ligand exchange upon reaction of [(.eta.5-C5H5)Mo(CO)3]- with (.mu.3-S)Co3(CO)7LX clusters. A two-step synthesis of the optically active cluster (.mu.3-S)Mo(.eta.5-C5H5)Co2(CO)6[.mu.-1,2-.eta.2-C(R1)N(R2)] (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal vs. ligand exchange upon reaction of [(.eta.5-C5H5)Mo(CO)3]- with (.mu.3-S)Co3(CO)7LX clusters. A two-step synthesis of the optically active cluster (.mu.3-S)Mo(.eta.5-C5H5)Co2(CO)6[.mu.-1,2-.eta.2-C(R1)N(R2)]Christian Mahe, Henri Patin, Jean Yves Le Marouille, and Alain BenoitCite this: Organometallics 1983, 2, 8, 1051–1053Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om50002a023https://doi.org/10.1021/om50002a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Direct Arylations of 1,2,3‐Triazoles. (2010)

Abstract Biheteroaryl products are formed under ambient pressure of air via a dehydrogenative cyclization.
Air‐Stable Ultra‐Flexible Organic Photonic System for Cardiovascular Monitoring (2022)

Abstract Ultra‐flexible organic optical devices are increasingly attracting attention as devices for medical and healthcare applications because they can be directly attached to the skin and continuously monitor biological information in humans noninvasively. However, integrating different optical devices on the same ultra‐flexible substrate is difficult owing to the instability of the devices. In this study, the stability of ultra‐flexible organic light‐emitting diodes and photodiodes is successfully improved using an inverted structure that does not employ atmospherically unstable cathode materials. Furthermore, an ultra‐flexible organic pulse wave sensor is developed by integrating an organic light‐emitting diode and an organic photodiode on the same substrate.
Are current drug development programmes realising the full potential of new agents? Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2009)

The process of drug development is expensive and time consuming, with millions of dollars spent on the testing of new chemical entities [1,2]. Unfortunately many agents that show initial promising activity against a particular biological target will be discarded due to concerns regarding their safety, toxicity and efficacy in humans. There is also a perception that preclinical models may foster unrealistic expectations, and many promising drugs are failing to reach their potential. In addition, reporting of clinical trials may disadvantage certain drugs at an early stage in their development.
Inferring 3D Object Pose in RGB-D Images (2015)

The goal of this work is to replace objects in an RGB-D scene with corresponding 3D models from a library. We approach this problem by first detecting and segmenting object instances in the scene using the approach from Gupta et al. [13]. We use a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the pose of the object. This CNN is trained using pixel normals in images containing rendered synthetic objects. When tested on real data, it outperforms alternative algorithms trained on real data. We then use this coarse pose estimate along with the inferred pixel support to align a small number of prototypical models to the data, and place the model that fits the best into the scene. We observe a 48% relative improvement in performance at the task of 3D detection over the current state-of-the-art [33], while being an order of magnitude faster at the same time.
Vowel System Sandbox: Complex System Modelling of Language Change (2019)

Vowel System Sandbox is a complex agent-based modelling tool which is intended for linguists and speech researchers to test hypotheses about how vowel sounds are transmitted and used through the generations in a language community, and thus how vowel systems may change over generational time. Written in Python 3, the code repository is on Github and can be run in Linux, Windows 7+ and MacOS. This is the first software that provides a computational model of sound change in language by implementing first principles of speech perception and production. Funding statement: This project was partially funded by Provost awards for Research, Scholarship and Creative Activity at Fresno State University.
Examples of ill-conditioned matrices where simple inversion yields satisfactory results (2002)

In this paper we solve for the scattered field from a periodic surface, which is usually referred as a frequency selective surface (FSS). Due to inherent discontinuities in the derivative of the scattered field as a function of frequency, the condition number increases without bound. Even though the condition number is extremely high (>10/sup 15/), the solution of the scattered field is very accurate.
Pyrrolo[2,3-d]Pyrimidine Nucleosides: Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of 7-Substituted 7-Deaza-2′-Deoxyadenosines (2000)

A one step synthesis, using the nucleoside 7-iodo-2'-deoxytubercidin (2b) in a Pd(0)/Cu(I)-catalyzed cross coupling reaction furnished a series of 7-alkynyl-2'-deoxytubercidin derivatives. The 7-iodo-, 7-chloro- or 7-bromo 2'-deoxytubercidins 2b-d as well as certain 7-alkynyl derivatives show significant activity against several tumor cell lines, with 7-iodo-2'-deoxytubercidin (2b) as the most effective compound.
Bistable behavior of a continuous optical discharge as a laser beam propagation effect (2013)

Two stable configurations of a continuous optical discharge (COD) were observed in experiments with plasma sustained continuously in xenon at high pressure by radiation of a medium power CW ytterbium fiber laser. One is the plasmoid of relatively small length with one temperature maximum and laser beam absorption of 10-30%. The other one is the plasma formation stretched along the laser beam with two or three local temperature maxima. The laser beam absorption in the second plasma configuration is increased dramatically up to 70-80% due to increased plasma length. Both plasma shapes were obtained under close conditions, so that oscillations between the two states were possible and also have being observed. The effect was studied and explained on the base of simplified consideration of the laser beam propagation through lens-like plasma medium surrounded by refractive near-spherical bounds between cold and hot gas. Other experimental results on the sustaining conditions of COD and plasma properties are also presented.
[Initial division behavior of cord blood hematopoietic stem cells depends on microenvironment]. (2002)

(1) CD(34)(+) CD(38)(-) cells are heterogeneous and composed of various subpopulations with different initial proliferative behavior, including asymmetric division. (2) The hematopoietic microenvironmental mimicked by AFT024 supports the hematopoietic progenitors better than cytokines and single adhesion factor do, for their proliferation extensively and preservation the self-renewal capacity.
ChemInform Abstract: Fundamental and Applied Studies in Asymmetric Oxidation Catalysis (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effects of the Non-Protein Amino Acids L-Canavanine and L-Canaline on the Nervous System of the Moth Manduca Sexta (L.) (1978)

ABSTRACT Injection of L-canavanine, a naturally occurring arginine analogue, and of its metabolic derivative, L-canaline, induced almost continuous motor activity in adult tobacco hornworms, Manduca sexta (L.). Initially the moths flew normally, but after a time interval that depended both on the amino acid and on the dose (1−45 μmol/g fresh weight) the moths became disorientated and muscle activity was less patterned. Canaline produced its initial effects 12−30 min after injection, whereas activity in response to canavanine began after a delay of 1−2 h. Canaline (derived from canavanine by an arginase-mediated hydrolytic cleavage) is probably the biologically active factor. Canaline did not affect axonal conduction of action potentials nor the activity of mechanoreceptors on the forewing. Canaline (22μmol/g fresh weight) prolonged the postsynaptic potential of flight muscle fibres, but after 20−40 min. the electrical activity of muscle fibres was normal. The results show that canaline alters the activity of the central nervous system of adult M. sexta, but its mode of action is unknown.