gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the automated network vulnerability assessment framework (2007)

It is an essential network security management process to grasp the network security status precisely and rapidly by identifying the vulnerabilities on the network. Manual check-up method by security experts and automatic vulnerability assessment tools can be used to check the network security. But it is inevitable option to use the automatic vulnerability assessment tools to cover large-scale network. There are lots of automatic vulnerability assessment tools available in the market. But the vulnerability assessment tool cannot find an acceptable percentage of vulnerabilities by itself. When the multiple vulnerability assessment tools are used, integrating and analyzing the results can be a time-consuming job. This paper presents the implementation of the automated network vulnerability assessment framework which can integrate various kinds of vulnerability assessment tools with the purpose of complementing each other, manage them consistently from the central manager, and be easily extended to large-scale network using distributed messaging servers.
Koninginin A. A novel plant growth regulator from Trichoderma koningii. (1989)

Trichoderma koningii, isolated from the roots and soil line of an ornamental Diffenbachia sp., yielded, when cultured on shredded wheat, a novel metabolite trivially named koninginin A. The compound is a ketal that weakly inhibits the growth of etiolated wheat coleoptiles at 10-3 M, and is a white, finely crystalline compound with the molecular formula of C16H28O4 and a melting point of 80-84°C. The structure has been established by UV, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS.
Closing the Loop with Liquid-Metal Sensing Skin for Autonomous Soft Robot Gripping (2020)

Soft robots are often limited in high-level decision making and feedback control due to a lack of multimodal sensing capabilities and material architectures that tightly integrate sensing and actuation. However, the recent development of elastic multimodal sensing skins has created the opportunity for closing the loop in soft robotic systems. In this work, we present a sensor-based finite state machine for a soft sensorized gripper mounted to a 4-degree-of-freedom robot arm. The soft gripper actuates between binary open and close states by activating shape-memory alloy springs, and contains proximity, pressure, and orientation sensors. The closed-loop control is demonstrated through scanning, grasping, and sorting tasks driven by sensor feedback. Using a time-of-flight distance sensor, the system can calculate the length, width, height, and center of mass of an object within a 60 mm x 25 mm workspace. With the time-of-flight distance sensor, pressure sensors, and inertial measurement unit, the system can detect and respond to external perturbations that interfere with the grasp, release, and transport of the object. The control strategy demonstrated in this paper can be expanded in the future to integrate basic autonomy in other soft robot systems.
Algorithms for Budget Management with Gate-Sizing and Other Low-Power Applications (2006)

This paper presents an overview of budget management and its application to low-power CMOS design. Budget management involves the incremental distribution of delay within a circuit without violating timing constraints. In low-power applications, the assigned budget can be used to reduce combinational circuit area and power dissipation. The zero-slack algorithm for slack assignment (ZSA) and the maximum-independent-set-based algorithm (MISA) for budget management are discussed, while a gate-sizing algorithm for low-power applications of budget management is presented. In gate-sizing algorithms, the template of a gate on a non-critical path is replaced by a smaller template, thereby, reducing its power dissipation. In addition, ultra-low power optimization techniques such as multi-threshold CMOS and transistor stacks are introduced as potential low-power applications for budget management.
Robust region merging for spatio-temporal segmentation (2002)

A region merging technique for spatio-temporal segmentation of scenes is presented. The proposed technique is a bottom-up method and expects an initial set of regions. These regions are compared on the basis of a similarity measure that integrates both spatial and temporal information. The unsupervised merging procedure is based on a weighted, directed graph that is updated dynamically. Two graph based clustering rules are presented. These rules are used to cluster regions into ensembles that represent meaningful objects present in the scene. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
Single-Trip Completion Concept Replaces Multiple Packers and Sliding Sleeves in Selective Multi-Zone Production and Stimulation Operations (1995)

ABSTRACT In conventional multi-zone completion operations, selective production and/or stimulation requirements are accomplished by opening and closing sliding sleeves in each producing zone. This completion method requires at least one trip per zone as well as substantial amounts of equipment in the well. An alternative method that is being field tested will move the internal control of the well from the tubing string to the casing. This eliminates equipment from inside the well and reduces the number of trips required from one per zone to a single trip for the entire well. This paper describes the single-trip completion concept, primarily for horizontal wells, as well as the new technology that has been developed to support it.
The Dwarf Data Cube Eliminates the Highy Dimensionality Curse (2003)

The data cube operator encapsulates all possible groupings of a data set and has proved to be an invaluable tool in analyzing vast amounts of data. However its apparent exponential complexity has significantly limited its applicability to low dimensional datasets. Recently the idea of the dwarf data cube model was introduced, and showed that high-dimensional ``dwarf data cubes'' are orders of magnitudes smaller in size than the original data cubes even when they calculate and store every possible aggregation with 100\% precision. In this paper we present a surprising analytical result proving that the size of dwarf cubes grows polynomially with the dimensionality of the data set and, therefore, a full data cube at 100% precision is not inherently cursed by high dimensionality. This striking result of polynomial complexity reformulates the context of cube management and redefines most of the problems associated with data-warehousing and On-Line Analytical Processing. We also develop an efficient algorithm for estimating the size of dwarf data cubes before actually computing them. Finally, we complement our analytical approach with an experimental evaluation using real and synthetic data sets, and demonstrate our results. UMIACS-TR-2003-120
Continuous Glucose Monitoring by Insulin-Treated Pilots Flying Commercial Aircraft Within the ARA.MED.330 Diabetes Protocol: A Preliminary Feasibility Study (2023)

<b><i>Background and Aims:</i></b> A preliminary study compared the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with the use of self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) by aircraft pilots with insulin-treated diabetes in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Austria, certified to fly commercial aircraft within the European Aviation Safety Agency ARA.MED.330 protocol. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> SMBG and simultaneous interstitial glucose measurements using CGM (Dexcom G6<sup>®</sup>) were recorded during pre- and in-flight periods. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Eight male pilots (seven with type 1 diabetes and one with type 3c diabetes), median age of 48.5 years and median diabetes duration of 11.5 years, participated. The correlation coefficient (<i>R</i>) between 874 contemporaneously recorded SMBG and CGM values was 0.843, <i>P</i> < 0.001. The mean glucose concentration was 8.78 mmol/L (standard deviation [SD] 0.67) using SMBG compared with 8.71 mmol/L (SD 0.85) recorded using CGM. The mean absolute relative difference was 9.39% (SD 3.12). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> CGM using Dexcom G6 systems is a credible alternative to SMBG for monitoring glucose levels when insulin-treated pilots fly commercial aircraft. The study was registered with Clinical Trials.gov NCT04395378.
Successful donor cell engraftment in a recipient of bone marrow from a cadaveric donor (1986)

A 12-year-old male with acute lymphocytic leukemia received donor bone marrow from his histocompatible father whose marrow was harvested 40 minutes postmortem after he suffered a myocardial infarction. The marrow was stored in liquid nitrogen for 17 days prior to infusion into the recipient. Trypan blue viability was greater than 99% for the fresh marrow. Progenitor cell assays revealed that 20% of the CFU-MIX, 16% of the BFU-E, 10% of the CFU-E, and 17% of the CFU-GM were spared during the cryopreservation period. Posttransplantation, the recipient had a leukocyte count greater than 10(3)/microL by day 26. Southern blotting analysis documented the donor origin of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and granulocytes isolated 46 days posttransplantation. Unfortunately, the patient died of complications relating to graft-v-host disease 67 days following transplantation. This case demonstrates the feasibility of cadaveric marrow as a source of donor cells and is the first reported case of documented leukocyte engraftment in a recipient of cadaveric marrow.
Reconfigurable computing middleware for application portability and productivity (2013)

Reconfigurable computing (RC) devices such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) offer significant advantages over fixed-logic, many-core CPU and GPU architectures, including increased performance for many computationally challenging applications, superior power efficiency, and reconfigurability. Difficulties of using FPGAs, however, has limited their acceptance in high-performance computing (HPC) and high-performance embedded computing (HPEC) applications. These difficulties stem from a lack of standards between FPGA platforms and the complexities of hardware design, and lead to higher costs and time to market over competing technologies. Differences in FPGA platform resources such as the type and number of FPGAs, memories and interconnects, as well as vendor-specific procedural APIs and hardware interfaces, inhibits application portability and code reusability. Despite efforts to reduce FPGA application design complexity through technologies such as high-level synthesis (HLS) tools, platform support and portability remains limited, and is typically left as a challenge for application developers. In this paper, we present a novel RC Middleware (RCMW), an extensible framework which enables FPGA application portability and enhances developer productivity by providing an application-centric development environment. Developers focus specifically on the optimal resources and interfaces required by their application, and RCMW handles the mapping and translation of those resources onto a target platform. We demonstrate that RCMW enables application portability over three heterogeneous platforms from two vendors, using both Xilinx and Altera FPGAs, with less than 10% performance and area overhead for several application kernels, and microbenchmarks for the common case. We present the productivity benefits of RCMW, showing that RCMW reduces required number of hardware and software driver lines of code and total development time with respect to native platform deployment methods for several application kernels.
International Changes in COVID-19 Clinical Trajectories Across 315 Hospitals and 6 Countries: Retrospective Cohort Study (2021)

Patients hospitalized in the second wave were at significantly lower risk for severe COVID-19. This corresponded to mean laboratory values in the second wave that were more likely to be in typical physiological ranges on the seventh hospital day compared to the first wave. Our federated approach demonstrated the feasibility and power of harmonizing heterogeneous EHR data from multiple international health care systems to rapidly conduct large-scale studies to characterize how COVID-19 clinical trajectories evolve.
Inhibition of DNA Repair by Inappropriate Activation of ATM, PARP, and DNA-PK with the Drug Agonist AsiDNA (2022)

AsiDNA is a DNA repair inhibitor mimicking DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) that was designed to disorganize DSB repair pathways to sensitize tumors to DNA damaging therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We used the property of AsiDNA of triggering artificial DNA damage signaling to examine the activation of DSB repair pathways and to study the main steps of inhibition of DNA repair foci after irradiation. We show that, upon AsiDNA cellular uptake, cytoplasmic ATM and PARP are rapidly activated (within one hour) even in the absence of irradiation. ATM activation by AsiDNA leads to its transient autophosphorylation and sequestration in the cytoplasm, preventing the formation of ATM nuclear foci on irradiation-induced damage. In contrast, the activation of PARP did not seem to alter its ability to form DNA repair foci, but prevented 53BP1 and XRCC4 recruitment at the damage sites. In the nucleus, AsiDNA is essentially associated with DNA-PK, which triggers its activation leading to phosphorylation of H2AX all over chromatin. This pan-nuclear phosphorylation of H2AX correlates with the massive inhibition, at damage sites induced by irradiation, of the recruitment of repair enzymes involved in DSB repair by homologous recombination and nonhomologous end joining. These results highlight the interest in a new generation of DNA repair inhibitors targeting DNA damage signaling.
Frame Design and Throughput Evaluation for Practical Multiuser MIMO OFDMA Systems (2011)

This paper describes the design of a time-division duplexing frame with a variety of pilots for multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (MU-MIMO OFDMA) systems, where the base station and users are equipped with four and two transmitting and receiving antennas, respectively. In addition, a simplified scheduling algorithm for the MU-MIMO OFDMA is proposed, and its computational complexity is analyzed. The proposed scheduling algorithm shows comparable sum achievable rates to the optimal MU-MIMO OFDMA scheduling that searches for user pairs in an exhaustive manner, whereas its complexity is fairly reduced. Furthermore, to verify the performance of MU-MIMO OFDMA systems that employ the proposed frame structure and scheduling algorithm, a system-level comparison of the average cell throughputs between the proposed MU-MIMO and the conventional MIMO OFDMA systems is numerically performed in a practical cellular environment. As a result, vital information on how we can apply MU-MIMO OFDMA schemes in cellular environments is provided.
Models of Cortical Networks (1995)

Abstract This chapter provides an overview of a long-term project undertaken to study a particular population of cells within the cortex: the network of interacting neurons within layer V of the visual cortex. The first step is the development of realistic models of single cortical neurons based on accurate anatomical and physiological data. The responses of these model neurons are matched against single neuron responses to natural sensory and electrical stimuli recorded in vivo. The second step is to reduce the complexity of the single-cell model for use in large-scale simulations of networks. The reduction is necessary to make the simulation times tractable. If the essential dynamical elements of the neuron are intact in the reduced models, simulations of large networks of neurons can then serve as a tool for exploring properties that are difficult to approach experimentally. Such a model was used to study the synchronization of layer V neurons and its dependence on the pattern of connectivity between columns of excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
Immune receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (IREM-1) inhibits B cell activation factor (BAFF)-mediated inflammatory regulation of THP-1 cells through modulation of the activities of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) (2010)

The immune receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (IREM-1) has been known to regulate the activities of myeloid cells through its immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs (ITIMs) in its intracellular region. In order to investigate its effect on macrophage activation, a human macrophage cell line (THP-1) was tested after stimulation of its membrane-bound form of B cell activation factor (BAFF), which has been shown to modulate inflammatory activities through induction of proinflammatory mediator expression and suppression of phagocytosis. IREM-1-specific monoclonal antibodies detected the expression of high levels of IREM-1 in THP-1 cells. Cross-linking of IREM-1 with these antibodies resulted in the blockage of the BAFF-mediated expression of interleukin (IL)-8 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 through inhibition of the activation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphorylation/degradation of IκB. Furthermore, cross-linking of IREM-1 also reversed the BAFF-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. In order to demonstrate the role of ITIM in the IREM-1-mediated suppression of BAFF signalling, a decapeptide containing YADL (an ITIM in IREM-1) was fused with HIV-TAT(48-57) which was required for the internalization of the synthetic polypeptide (TAT-YADL). TAT-YADL, but not control peptides, recapitulated the effect of the anti-IREM-1 monoclonal antibody. These observations indicate that IREM-1 exerted its inhibitory effect on BAFF-medicated signalling through ITIM-mediated regulation of ERK activities in THP-1 cells.
Strategic Importance of Technical Computer Systems in a Synthetic Fuel Manufacturing Complex (1987)

Processing natural gas into crude methanol then into synthetic gasoline encompasses a wide variety of process units plus supporting utilities and offsites facilities. These units include processes ranging from -160 C to over 900 C, partial vacuum to 105 bar. The units are carefully integrated, and required to operate continuously for several years between scheduled turnarounds for inspection. Computer systems are key tools for sustaining a high degree of reliability, efficiency and product yields. Direct involvement with the processes is via distributed microprocessor control with data highway to a central control room where process technicians have CRT-based control panels, aided by process schematic graphics and historical trending of variables. In addition, the condition of critical rotating equipment is monitored continuously and critical alarms hardwired to local panels with central summary alarms. Programmable Logic Controllers are used for batch sequencing, and specialist microprocessors for product blending. Technical computer support includes process variable and laboratory analysis database histories, process monitoring diagnostics, steady-state and dynamic process simulation, project and capital commitment tracking, and Computer-Aided Drafting system. This paper provides an overview of computer systems of interest to process engineers - their role in supporting engineers in moving from the design and commissioning mode into full operating mode.
A New Rapidly Absorbed Paracetamol Tablet Containing Sodium Bicarbonate. I. A Four-Way Crossover Study to Compare the Concentration–Time Profile of Paracetamol from the New Paracetamol/Sodium Bicarbonate Tablet and a Conventional Paracetamol Tablet in Fed and Fasted Volunteers (2002)

The primary objective of this four-way crossover study was to compare the concentration-time profile of paracetamol from a new rapidly absorbed paracetamol tablet containing sodium bicarbonate (PS) with a conventional paracetamol tablet (P), in a panel of 28 fed and fasted healthy volunteers. The results demonstrated that paracetamol was absorbed more rapidly from tablets containing sodium bicarbonate compared to conventional tablets, as indicated by a shorter tmax in both the fed and fasted state and a higher Cmax in the fasted state. The two formulations were bioequivalent with respect to area under curve (AUC). Food did not affect the extent of absorption from either formulation, as indicated by AUC, however, food did reduce the rate of absorption from both formulations, as indicated by a longer tmax and a lower Cmax. Metabolic activation of paracetamol to its oxidation metabolites, as assessed by combined partial clearances to subsequent secondary metabolites cysteine and mercapturic acid conjugates, indicated that the two formulations were bioequivalent in this respect.
Beam Probability Metric for OTA Testing of Adaptive Antenna Systems in Multi-Probe Anechoic Chamber Setups (2019)

With the utilization of massive multiple-input<br/>multiple-output (MIMO) and millimeter-wave (mmWave) technologies<br/>in 5G communications, over-the-air (OTA) testing for 5G<br/>antenna systems has become a strong need because conducted<br/>testing is no longer applicable. New OTA testing metrics are<br/>required to evaluate new performance of 5G antenna systems.<br/>This paper investigates whether the recently proposed metric,<br/>e.g. beam probability is suitable to evaluate channel emulation<br/>accuracy for adaptive antenna systems in multi-probe anechoic<br/>chamber (MPAC) OTA setups. Well-known 2D spatial channel<br/>models are selected as examples in simulation results to discuss<br/>the relationship between device under test (DUT) size and<br/>number of OTA antennas for beam probability metric.
<title>Nanometer optical fiber pH sensor</title> (1993)

A thousandfold miniaturization of immobilized optical fiber sensors has been achieved by a near-field optical technique. This technology is based on nanofabricated optical fiber tips and near-field photoinitiated polymerization. Submicrometer pH sensors have been prepared by attaching a copolymer covalently to a silanized fiber tip surface. The sensors have demonstrated their high spatial resolving ability, excellent detection limit (zeptomoles), very fast response time (milliseconds) and good stability. The potential applications include concentration profile measurements of cytoplasms, the monitoring of fast chemical and biological reactions and other microscopic operations.
Determination of ethylene glycol in alkali wastewater by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (2004)

Treatment with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution plays an important role to impart certain desirable properties - feel and luster on the surface of polyester fiber. In this process alkali wastewater contains disodium terephthalate, ethylene glycol (EG) and residual sodium hydroxide. In this paper we report a new method containing the pretreatments of derivatization with benzoyl chloride and solvent extraction using pentane. The calibration curve of EG determined by GC/MS-SIM shows a good linearity in the range of 0.1 to 25 ㎍/mL having the standard deviation of ≤8.7 %. The recovery and the detection limit of this method are 91.9-93.7% and 0.05 ㎍/mL respectively.