gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diversity of Vibrio navarrensis Revealed by Genomic Comparison: Veterinary Isolates Are Related to Strains Associated with Human Illness and Sewage Isolates While Seawater Strains Are More Distant (2017)

Strains of <i>Vibrio navarrensis</i> are present in aquatic environments like seawater, rivers, and sewage. Recently, strains of this species were identified in human clinical specimens. In this study, <i>V. navarrensis</i> strains isolated from livestock in Germany were characterized that were found in aborted fetuses and/or placentas after miscarriages. The veterinary strains were analyzed using phenotypical and genotypical methods and compared to isolates from marine environments of the Baltic Sea and North Sea. The investigated phenotypical traits were similar in all German strains. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used to evaluate a phylogenetic relationship by performing a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. For the SNP analysis, WGS data of two American human pathogenic strains and two Spanish environmental isolates from sewage were included. A phylogenetic analysis of concatenated sequences of five protein-coding housekeeping genes (<i>gyrB, pyrH, recA, atpA</i>, and <i>rpoB</i>), was additionally performed. Both phylogenetic analyses reveal a greater distance of the environmental seawater strains to the other strains. The phylogenetic tree constructed from concatenated sequences of housekeeping genes places veterinary, human pathogenic and Spanish sewage strains into one cluster. Presence and absence of virulence-associated genes were investigated based on WGS data and confirmed by PCR. However, this analysis showed no clear pattern for the potentially pathogenic strains. The detection of <i>V. navarrensis</i> in human clinical specimens strongly suggests that this species should be regarded as a potential human pathogen. The identification of <i>V. navarrensis</i> strains in domestic animals implicates a zoonotic potential of this species. This could indicate a potential threat for humans, as according to the "One Health" concept, human, animal, and environmental health are linked. Future studies are necessary to search for reservoirs of these bacteria in the environment and/or in living organisms.
Novel Selectively Targeted Multifunctional Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Prostate Cancer Treatment (2021)

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men over 50 and the 4th most prevalent human malignancy. PC treatment may include surgery, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. However, the therapeutic efficacy of systemic chemotherapy is limited due to low drug solubility and insufficient tumor specificity, inflicting toxic side effects and frequently provoking the emergence of drug resistance. Towards the efficacious treatment of PC, we herein developed novel selectively PC-targeted nanoparticles (NPs) harboring a cytotoxic drug cargo. This delivery system is based upon PEGylated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), decorated with a selective ligand, targeted to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). NPs loaded with cabazitaxel (CTX) displayed a remarkable loading capacity of 168 ± 3 mg drug/g SA-PEG, encapsulation efficiency of 67 ± 1%, and an average diameter of 159 ± 3 nm. The time-course of in vitro drug release from NPs revealed a substantial drug retention profile compared to the unencapsulated drug. These NPs were selectively internalized into target PC cells overexpressing PSMA, and displayed a dose-dependent growth inhibition compared to cells devoid of the PSMA receptor. Remarkably, these targeted NPs exhibited growth-inhibitory activity at pM CTX concentrations, being markedly more potent than the free drug. This selectively targeted nano-delivery platform bears the promise of enhanced efficacy and minimal untoward toxicity.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed Ring-Opening Reactions of Sugar-Derived Semicyclic N,O-Acetals (2002)

N-(Alkoxycarbonyl)-N-glycosides (polyoxygenated semicyclic N,O-acetals) were efficiently synthesized from regular acetyl or methyl glycosides (glucopyranoside, ribofuranoside, arabinofuranoside, and 2-deoxyribofuranoside) and a carbamate by treatment of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate and 4 Å molecular sieves. It was found that these N-glycosides underwent Lewis acid catalyzed ring-opening reactions with silylated nucleophiles to give ring-opened amino alcohols with good-to-high diastereoselectivity. The reactivity order, 2-deoxyribofuranoside > arabinofuranoside > ribofuranoside > glucopyranoside, was revealed. Ring-opening reductions were also investigated with silanes or diisobutylaluminium hydride. An appropriate reducing agent was found to be dependent on the N-glycosides used. A glycosidase inhibitor, (2S,3R,4R)-2-hydroxymethylpyrrolidine-3,4-diol (7) was synthesized by means of the reactions.
GNSS-Based Verticality Monitoring of Super-Tall Buildings (2018)

In the construction of super-tall buildings, it is rather important to control the verticality. In general, a laser plummet is used to transmit coordinates of reference points from the ground layer-by-layer, which can effectively control the verticality of super-tall buildings. However, the errors in transmission will accumulate with increasing height and motion of the buildings in construction. This paper presents a global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based method to check the results of laser plumbing. The method consists of four steps: (1) Computing the coordinate time series of monitoring points by adjusting the GNSS monitoring network observations at each epoch; (2) Analyzing the horizontal motion of super-tall buildings and its effect on vertical reference transmission; (3) Calculating the deflections of the vertical at the monitoring point using an Earth gravity field model and a geoid model. With deflections of the vertical, the static GNSS-measured coordinates are aligned to the same datum as used by the laser plummet; and (4) Finally, validating/checking the result of laser plumbing by comparing it with static GNSS results corrected by deflections of the vertical. A case study of a 438-m high building is tested in Guangzhou, China. The result demonstrates that the gross errors of baseline vectors can be eliminated effectively by GNSS network adjustment of the first step. The two-dimensional displacements can be measured at millimeter-level accuracy; the difference between the coordinates of the static GNSS measurement and laser plumbing is less than ±2.0 cm after correction with the deflections of the vertical, which meets the design requirement of ±3.0 cm according to the Technical Specification for Concrete Structures of Tall Buildings in China.
Venae Comitantes as a Potential Vascular Resource to Create Native Arteriovenous Fistulae (2010)

AVF employing venae comitantes may represent a suitable alternative in the absence of other vascular accesses for HD.
In Situ Gelling of Alginate/Pluronic Solutions for Ophthalmic Delivery of Pilocarpine (2004)

We prepared a series of alginate and Pluronic-based solutions as the in situ gelling vehicles for ophthalmic delivery of pilocarpine. The rheological properties, in vitro release as well as in vivo pharmacological response of polymer solutions, including alginate, Pluronic solution, and alginate/Pluronic solution, were evaluated. The optimum concentration of alginate solution for the in situ gel-forming delivery systems was 2% (w/w) and that for Pluronic solution was 14% (w/w). The mixture of 0.1% alginate and 14% Pluronic solutions showed a significant increase in gel strength in the physiological condition; this gel mixture was also found to be free flowing at pH 4.0 and 25 degrees C. Both in vitro release and in vivo pharmacological studies indicated that the alginate/Pluronic solution retained pilocarpine better than the alginate or Pluronic solutions alone. The results demonstrated that the alginate/Pluronic mixture can be used as an in situ gelling vehicle to increase ocular bioavailability.
Pathogenesis, clinical features and management of hidradenitis suppurativa. (1997)

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic skin condition involving the apocrine glandular zones. Affected patients may present with acute abscesses, but the condition often progresses to a chronic state with persistent pain, sepsis, sinus tract and fistula formation, purulent discharge and dermal scarring. Treatment of patients with severe disease can be difficult and may require complex surgical intervention. This review encompasses the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and management options for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.
Experimental and theoretical investigations of a low-pressure He–Xe discharge for lighting purpose (2004)

Low-pressure cylindrical dc glow discharges in a mixture of helium and 2% xenon are studied by experiment and self-consistent modeling. They can be used for the design of mercury-free vacuum ultraviolet sources and fluorescent lamps for publicity lighting. Experimental diagnostics of the column plasma includes measurements of the axial electric field strength and of the axis densities of the four lowest excited states of xenon. The electric field is determined from probe measurements. The particle densities are derived from the results of tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. Experimental investigations are assisted by a self-consistent analysis of the dc positive column plasma. A comparison between calculated and measured values of the axial electric field strength and the densities of excited xenon atoms is presented and discussed. The validated model is used for optimization of the discharge conditions by variation of the discharge current, gas pressure, and tube radius with respect to the radiation power and efficiency of the 147 nm resonance line of xenon. The discussion includes an analysis of the power budget of the column plasma.
Weak in the NEES?: Auto-tuning Kalman Filters with Bayesian Optimization (2018)

Kalman filters are routinely used for many data fusion applications including navigation, tracking, and simultaneous localization and mapping problems. However, significant time and effort is frequently required to tune various Kalman filter model parameters, e.g. process noise covariance, pre-whitening filter models for non-white noise, etc. Conventional optimization techniques for tuning can get stuck in poor local minima and can be expensive to implement with real sensor data. To address these issues, a new "black box" Bayesian optimization strategy is developed for automatically tuning Kalman filters. In this approach, performance is characterized by one of two stochastic objective functions: normalized estimation error squared (NEES) when ground truth state models are available, or the normalized innovation error squared (NIS) when only sensor data is available. By intelligently sampling the parameter space to both learn and exploit a nonparametric Gaussian process surrogate function for the NEES/NIS costs, Bayesian optimization can efficiently identify multiple local minima and provide uncertainty quantification on its results.
Memory Management: International Workshop IWMM 95, Kinross, UK, September 27 - 29, 1995. Proceedings (1995)

Dynamic storage allocation: A survey and critical review.- Static analysis refuses to stay still: Prospects of static analyis for dynamic allocation.- Compile-time garbage collection for lazy functional languages.- Generational garbage collection without temporary space leaks for lazy functional languages.- Complementary garbage collector.- Performance tuning in a customizable collector.- MOA - A fast sliding compaction scheme for a large storage space.- A survey of distributed garbage collection techniques.- Garbage collection on an open network.- Indirect mark and sweep: A distributed GC.- On-the-fly global garbage collection based on Partly Mark-Sweep.- LEMMA: A distributed shared memory with global and local garbage collection.- One pass real-time generational mark-sweep garbage collection.- Garbage collection for control systems.- A garbage collector for the concurrent real-time language Erlang.- Progress in hardware-assisted real-time garbage collection.- A miss history-based architecture for cache prefetching.- Memory management in flash-memory disks with data compression.
On repeated-root cyclic codes (1991)

A parity-check matrix for a q-ary repeated-root cyclic code is derived using the Hasse derivative. Then the minimum distance of a q-ary repeated-root cyclic code is expressed in terms of the minimum distance of a certain simple-root cyclic code. With the help of this result, several binary repeated-root cyclic codes of lengths up to n=62 are shown to contain the largest known number of codewords for their given length and minimum distance. The relative minimum distance d/sub min//n of q-ary repeated-root cyclic codes of rate r>or=R is proven to tend to zero as the largest multiplicity of a root of the generator g(x) increases to infinity. It is further shown that repeated-root cycle codes cannot be asymptotically better than simple-root cyclic codes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Towards Automated 3D Reconstruction of Defective Cultural Heritage Objects (2014)

Due to recent improvements in 3D acquisition and shape processing technology, the digitization of Cultural Heritage (CH) artifacts is gaining increased application in context of archival and archaeological research. This increasing availability of acquisition technologies also implies a need for intelligent processing methods that can cope with imperfect object scans. Specifically for Cultural Heritage objects, besides imperfections given by the digitization process, also the original artifact objects may be imperfect due to deterioration or fragmentation processes. Currently, the reconstruction of previously digitized CH artifacts is mostly performed manually by expert users reassembling fragment parts and completing imperfect objects by modeling. However, more automatic methods for CH object repair and completion are needed to cope with increasingly large data becoming available. In this conceptual paper, we first provide a brief survey of typical imperfections in CH artifact scan data and in turn motivate the need for respective repair methods. We survey and classify a selection of existing reconstruction methods with respect to their applicability for CH objects, and then discuss how these approaches can be extended and combined to address various types of physical defects that are encountered in CH artifacts by proposing a flexible repair workflow for 3D digitizations of CH objects. The workflow accommodates an automatic reassembly step which can deal with fragmented input data. It also includes the similarity-based retrieval of appropriate complementary object data which is used to repair local and global object defects. Finally, we discuss options for evaluation of the effectiveness of such a CH repair workflow.
Using Soluble Polymers to Recover Catalysts and Ligands (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A tutorial on logic synthesis for lookup-table based FPGAs (1992)

Discusses combinational logic synthesis for FPGAs that use lookup tables (LUTs). Issues that differentiate LUT synthesis from conventional logic synthesis are emphasized. The ability of a K-input LUT to implement any Boolean function of K variables differentiates the synthesis of LUT circuits from that for conventional ASIC technologies. The major different occurs during the technology mapping phase of logic synthesis. For values of K greater than 3, the larger number of functions that can be implemented by a K-input LUT makes it impractical to use a conventional library-based technology mapping. However, the completeness of the set of functions that can be implemented by a LUT eliminates the need for a library of separate functions. In addition, this completeness can be leveraged to optimize the final circuit.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Biologically enabled sub-diffractive focusing (2014)

Evolution shows that photonic structures are a constituent part of many animals and flora. These elements produce structural color and are useful in predator-prey interactions between animals and in the exploitation of light for photosynthetic organisms. In particular, diatoms have evolved patterned hydrated silica external valves able to confine light with extraordinary efficiency. Their evolution was probably guided by the necessity to survive in harsh conditions of sunlight deprivation. Here, we exploit such diatom valves, in conjunction with structured illumination, to realize a biological super-resolving lens to achieve sub-diffractive focusing in the far field. More precisely, we consider a single diatom valve of Arachnoidiscus genus which shows symmetries and fine features. By characterizing and using the transmission properties of this valve using the optical eigenmode technique, we are able to confine light to a tiny spot with unprecedented precision in terms of resolution limit ratio, corresponding in this case to 0.21λ/NA.
High Thermal Stability Solution-Processable Narrow-Band Gap Molecular Semiconductors (2014)

A series of narrow-band gap conjugated molecules with specific fluorine substitution patterns has been synthesized in order to study the effect of fluorination on bulk thermal stability. As the number of fluorine substituents on the backbone increase, one finds more thermally robust bulk structures both under inert and ambient conditions as well as an increase in phase transition temperatures in the solid state. When integrated into field-effect transistor devices, the molecule with the highest degree of fluorination shows a hole mobility of 0.15 cm(2)/V·s and a device thermal stability of >300 °C. Generally, the enhancement in thermal robustness of bulk organization and device performance correlates with the level of C-H for C-F substitution. These findings are relevant for the design of molecular semiconductors that can be introduced into optoelectronic devices to be operated under a wide range of conditions.
Anaerobic dechlorination of polychlorobiphenyls (Aroclor 1242) by pasteurized and ethanol-treated microorganisms from sediments (1992)

A polychlorobiphenyl (PCB)-dechlorinating inoculum eluted from upper Hudson River sediments was treated with either heat or ethanol or both. The treated cultures retained the ability to dechlorinate PCBs (Aroclor 1242) under strictly anaerobic conditions. The dechlorination activity was maintained in serial cultures inoculated with transfers of 1% inoculum when the transferred inoculum was treated each time in the same manner. No methane production was detected in any treated culture, although dechlorination of PCBs in the untreated cultures was always accompanied by methane production. All treated cultures preferentially removed meta chlorines, yielding a dechlorination pattern characterized by accumulation of certain ortho- and para-subsituted congeners such as 2-4-chlorobiphenyl (2-4-CB), 2,4-2-CB, and 2,4-4-CB. In contrast, the untreated cultures showed more extensive dechlorination activities, which almost completely removed both meta and para chlorines from Aroclor 1242. These results suggest that microorganisms responsible for the dechlorination of PCBs in the upper Hudson River sediments can be grouped into two populations according to their responses to the heat and ethanol treatments. Microorganisms surviving the heat and ethanol treatments preferentially remove meta chlorines, while microorganisms lost from the enrichment mainly contribute to the para dechlorination activity. These results indicate that anaerobic sporeformers are at least one of the physiological groups responsible for the reductive dechlorination of PCBs. The selection of a dechlorinating population by such treatments may be an important step in isolation of PCB-dechlorinating microorganisms.
Fast dynamic power estimation considering glitch filtering (2009)

In this paper, we discuss probabilistic simulation techniques used to estimate dynamic power and especially glitch power. Major attention is paid to the problem of modeling inertial delay for using these techniques to estimate switching density at gate level. The inertial delay has a great impact on the glitch power due to filtering effects and is almost impossible to be modeled completely. We propose an approximation algorithm to achieve better accuracy compared to existing approaches. Examples show up to 60% improvement using our solution.
Power function-based power distribution normalization algorithm for robust speech recognition (2009)

A novel algorithm that normalizes the distribution of spectral power coefficients is described in this paper. The algorithm, called power-function-based power distribution (PPDN) is based on the observation that the ratio of arithmetic mean to geometric mean changes as speech is corrupted by noise, and a parametric power function is used to equalize this ratio. We also observe that a longer ¿medium-duration¿ observation window (of approximately 100 ms) is better suited for parameter estimation for noise compensation than the briefer window typically used for automatic speech recognition. We also describe the implementation of an online version of PPDN based on exponentially weighted temporal averaging. Experimental results shows that PPDN provides comparable or slightly better results than state of- the-art algorithms such as vector Taylor series for speech recognition while requiring much less computation. Hence, the algorithm is suitable for both real-time speech communication or as a real-time preprocessing stage for speech recognition systems.
3GPP compliant adaptive wireless video streaming using H.264/AVC (2005)

In 3GPP a standard for multimedia streaming over mobile networks called PSS (packet-switched streaming service) has been specified. In order to deal with changing transmission characteristics like varying link bit-rate or handover, adaptive streaming features like client feedback have been included into Release 6 of 3GPP PSS. The adaptive behavior of the streaming server is not specified in PSS. In this paper, an adaptive video streaming system is presented that is compliant with PSS. Using PSS client feedback, transmission characteristics and client buffer status are determined. By means of transmission rate control, packet scheduling, video thinning, and bit-stream switching, the streaming server reacts to the determined transmission characteristics and the client buffer status. As video coding standard, H.264/AVC is used in the adaptive streaming system. Experimental results show that using the presented adaptive streaming system the overall video quality at the client is significantly improved in case of varying link bit-rate or handover.
Effective Stereoselective Total Synthesis of 16,16-Dimethyl Prostaglandin E2 (1998)

The first stereoselective synthesis of the specific EP1 receptor agonist, 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E21, is described. The key intermediate 3 was obtained from the E-allyl alcohol 6 via Sharpless epoxidation followed by stereospecific transformations to the γ-iodo vinyl compound 3. Two component coupling of 2 and 3, using the dilithiocyanocuprate technology, gave the 1,4-addition product. Mild desilylation and enzymatic ester cleavage produced the optically pure prostaglandin 1 in high yield.