gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning to Produce Direct Tests for Security Verification Using Constrained Process Discovery (2017)

Security verification relies on using direct tests manually prepared. Test preparation often requires intensive efforts from experts with in-depth domain knowledge. This work presents an approach to learn from direct tests written by an expert. After the learning, the learned model acts as a surrogate for the expert to produce new tests. The learning software comprises a database for accumulating and sharing security verification knowledge. The learning approach uses process discovery to build an upper-bound model and continuously adds constraints to refine it. We demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the learning approach in a commercial SoC verification environment.
공동저작물과 저작재산권의 행사 - 대법원 2014. 12.11. 선고 2012도16066 판결(친정엄마 사건)의 평석을 중심으로 - (2016)

최근 책, 시나리오, 대본 등을 다수의 자가 참여하여 집필하는 사례가 증가함에 따라, 각자의 창작적 기여에 대해서 개별적 이용가능성이 있는 결합저작물과 개별적 이용가능성이 없는 공동저 작물의 구별기준, 저작권의 공유 및 공동저작자의 저작재산권의 행사 법리가 조명을 받고 있다.
대상 판결은 창작적인 표현형식 자체에 공동의 기여를 한 경우에 저작인정이 되며,...
Automating battlefield event reporting using conceptual spaces and fuzzy logic for passive speech interpretation (2009)

This research explores the feasibility of performing passive information capture on voice data in order to analyze and classify the contents of interpersonal communication. The general form of this problem is very difficult as fully automated speech understanding technology does not exist. This is further complicated by battlefield realities including: noise, jargon and unstructured speech. However, when specific topics are isolated for extraction, the challenge becomes manageable. Conceptual Spaces is used as a fusion framework to classify data passively captured by traditional speech recognition software coupled with fuzzy logic to provide matching of phonetics to jargon. Together these technologies prove to be a valuable fusion framework because of their ability to mitigate the high levels of errors inherent in speech recognition. An initial study focused on recognizing important topics in communications between commanders and field personnel amidst background chatter. Results indicate the Conceptual Spaces model is flexible enough to define “spaces” for military events, and the underlying optimization model used for classification was robust and fast enough to quickly and accurately classify the noisy scenario data. This technology enables a new and more general class of automation, permitting conversion of passive speech into structured data. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
Ruthenium Hydride Complex with 1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf). Characterization and Molecular Structure of [RuH3(dppf)2]PF6 (1990)

Abstract The ruthenium trihydride complex [RuH3(dppf)2]PF6 (dppf = 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene) was prepared by contacting [RuH(dppf)2]PF6 with H2 gas, and its molecular structure was determined by the X-ray crystallography. The four phosphorus atoms were found to adopt a distorted tetrahedral arrangement around the Ru atom. The 1H and 31P NMR characteristics suggested that the above dppf complex is regarded as a Ru(IV) trihydride complex in the range 243–303 K.
<title>Holmium:YAG laser effects on articular cartilage metabolism: in vitro</title> (1994)

We report effects of applying variable doses of Holmium:YAG laser energy to bovine articular cartilage in vitro. The response of the cartilage to the Holmium:YAG laser energy was determined by quantification of cell proliferation and extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan synthesis. This study demonstrates that articular cartilage cell metabolism was maintained at a normal level following treatment of cartilage at a dose of 0.6 joules/pulse. The laser energy was applied at 10 Hz for 10 seconds at 1 mm distance from the cartilage. Under these conditions and at a dose of 0.6 joules/pulse, the total energy density was calculated to be 240 joules/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, assuming minimal loss of energy due to water absorption. Energy levels grater than 0.8 joules/pulse corresponding to calculated energy densities greater than 320 joules/cm<SUP>2</SUP> proved harmful to cartilage. Our data demonstrate that low levels of Holmium:YAG laser energy can be applied to articular cartilage under conditions that maintain and/or stimulate cell metabolism.
Aerosol Deposition Method - A Promising Novel Method to Produce Ceramic Gas Sensor Films at Room Temperature (2019)

The Aerosol Deposition Method (ADM), which bases on the mechanism of Room Temperature Impact Consolidation (RTIC), allows for producing dense ceramic films completely without any high-temperature process directly from an initial ceramic powder on almost any substrate material. This contribution gives examples for some applications of the ADM in the field of gas sensing. The deposition at room temperature may also allow for using substrates that cannot be used presently due to the high firing temperatures.
Pasting and leaching properties of irradiated starches from various botanical sources (2009)

Changes to the physicochemical properties of wheat, sago and tapioca starches subjected to gamma ray, electron beam and microwave irradiations and the conditions that lead to wheat starch having leaching behaviour similar to sago or tapioca starch were studied. The properties were characterised through swelling and leaching behaviours of the starch granules and retrogradation following pasting. The leaching of wheat starch increased tremendously and resulted in amylose to amylopectin ratios in the leachate similar to that of native sago and tapioca starches. This observation is significant as wheat starch is known to have a leachate composition of mostly amylose. This opens up the possibility of utilising wheat starch in snacks where tapioca and sago starch are commonly used. It was observed that the required conditions for such changes were exposure to microwave for 8 and 10 minutes, electron beam at 5 and 10 kGy and gamma ray at 5 kGy.
Efficient Hardware Data Mining with the Apriori Algorithm on FPGAs (2005)

The Apriori algorithm is a popular correlation-based data mining kernel. However, it is a computationally expensive algorithm and the running times can stretch up to days for large databases, as database sizes can extend to Gigabytes. Through the use of a new extension to the systolic array architecture, time required for processing can be significantly reduced. Our array architecture implementation on a Xilinx Virtex-II Pro 100 provides a performance improvement that can be orders of magnitude faster than the state-of-the-art software implementations. The system is easily scalable and introduces an efficient "systolic injection" method for intelligently reporting unpredictably generated mid-array results to a controller without any chance of collision or excessive stalling.
[Synapses of the superior cervical ganglion of the white rat]. (1979)

In the complexe system of synapses in the white rat's superior cervical ganglion, authors show the existence of: 1 - somato-somatic neuronal synapses 2 - somatic synapses between S.I.F. cells 3 - recurrent auto-synapses They moreover mention widening of synaptic cleft of the synapses between S.I.F. cells and their processes.
Construction of cyclic enones via gold-catalyzed oxygen transfer reactions (2011)

During the last decade, gold-catalyzed reactions have become a tour de force in organic synthesis. Recently, the gold-, Brønsted acid- or Lewis acid-catalyzed oxygen transfer from carbonyl to carbon-carbon triple bond, the so-called alkyne-carbonyl metathesis, has attracted much attention because this atom economical transformation generates α,β-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives which are of great interest in synthetic organic chemistry. This mini-review focuses on the most recent achievements on gold-catalyzed oxygen transfer reactions of tethered alkynones, diynes or alkynyl epoxides to cyclic enones. The corresponding mechanisms for the transformations are also discussed.
The MoS2-Graphene-Sapphire Heterostructure: Influence of Substrate Properties on the MoS2 Band Structure (2023)

Van der Waals MoS2/graphene heterostructures are promising candidates for advanced electronics and optoelectronics beyond graphene. Herein, scanning probe methods and Raman spectroscopy were applied for analysis of the electronic and structural properties of monolayer (ML) and bilayer 2H-MoS2 deposited on single-layer graphene (SLG)-coated sapphire (S) substrates by means of an industrially scalable metal organic chemical vapor deposition process. The SLG/S substrate shows two regions with distinctly different morphology and varied interfacial coupling between SLG and S. ML MoS2 nanosheets grown on the almost free-standing graphene show no detectable interface coupling to the substrate, and a value of 2.23 eV for the MoS2 quasiparticle bandgap is determined. However, if the graphene is involved in hydrogen bonds to the hydroxylated sapphire surface, an increased MoS2/graphene interlayer coupling results, marked by a shift of the conduction band edge toward Fermi energy and a reduction of the ML MoS2 quasiparticle bandgap to 1.98 eV. The surface topography reveals a buckle structure of ML MoS2 in conformity with SLG that is used to determine the dependence of the ML MoS2 bandgap on the interfacial spacing of this heterostructure. In addition, an in-gap acceptor state about 0.9 eV above the valence band minimum of MoS2 has been observed on locally elevated positions on both SLG/S regions, which is attributed to local bending strain in the grown MoS2 nanosheets. These fundamental insights reveal the impact of the underlying substrate on the topography and the band alignment of the ML MoS2/SLG heterostructure and provide the possibility for engineering the quasiparticle bandgap of ML MoS2/SLG grown on controlled substrates that may impact the performance of electronic and optoelectronic devices therewith.
Estimation of relative body segment orientation during movement using accelerometry (2011)

A method is presented to estimate relative orientations of human body segments directly from 3D accelerometers.
Effect of increased pressures of oxygen, nitrogen, and helium on activity of a Na-K-Mg ATPase of beef brain. (1977)

Increased pressure of O2, N2,or He exert inhibitory or stimulatory effects on activity of Na-K-Mg ATPase obtained from beef brain cortex. Oxygen at 2 ATA and N2 at 4 ATA exert significant inhibitory effects whereas 3 & 4 ATA O2, 1-3 ATA N2 exert significant stimulatory effects. Effects of He on ATPase activity are qualitatively similar to those of N2. The effects of the gases are not qualitatively altered by the presence or absence of ATP. A pressure compensated analysis reveals that at the same pressures, O2 and N2 exert different effects of ATPase activity.
Prospective Evaluation of Single Nucleotide Variants by Two Different Technologies in Paraffin Samples of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients (2020)

Targeted therapies are a new paradigm in lung cancer management. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques have allowed for simultaneous testing of several genes in a rapid and efficient manner; however, there are other molecular diagnostic tools such as the nCounter<sup>®</sup> Vantage 3D single nucleotide variants (SNVs) solid tumour panel which also offer important benefits regarding sample input and time-to-response, making them very attractive for daily clinical use. This study aimed to test the performance of the Vantage panel in the routine workup of advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and to validate and compare its outputs with the Oncomine Solid Tumor (OST) panel DNA kit, the standard technique in our institution. Two parallel multiplexed approaches were performed based on DNA NGS and direct digital detection of DNA with nCounter<sup>®</sup> technology to evaluate SNVs. A total of 42 advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients were prospectively included in the study. Overall, 95% of samples were successfully characterized by both technologies. The Vantage panel accounted for a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 82%. In terms of predictive values, the probability of truly presenting the SNV variant when it is detected by the nCounter panel was 82%, whereas the probability of not presenting the SNV variant when it is not detected by the platform was 95%. Finally, Cohen's Kappa coefficient was 0.76, indicating a substantial correlation grade between OST and Vantage panels. Our results make nCounter an analytically sensitive, practical and cost-effective tool.
THG-1 suppresses SALL4 degradation to induce stemness genes and tumorsphere formation through antagonizing NRBP1 in squamous cell carcinoma cells (2019)

Knockdown of THG-1 in TE13 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells is known to suppress tumorsphere growth. THG-1 was identified as an NRBP1 binding protein, and NRBP1 was reported to downregulate an stemness-related transcriptional factor SALL4, so we decided to examine the possibility that tumorigenic function of THG-1 is achieved by the competition to the tumor-suppressive function of NRBP1. SALL4 was decreased in THG-1 deficient TE13 cells with reduced tumorsphere formation, while exogenous SALL4 expression in THG-1 deficient TE13 cells recovered expression of stemness genes (NANOG and OCT4) and partially, but significantly, recovered tumorsphere formation ability. Additionally, we found that NRBP1 induced ubiquitination of SALL4, and THG-1 interrupted the ubiquitination of SALL4 by antagonizing NRBP1 binding to SALL4. These results suggest that THG-1 promotes tumorsphere growth of ESCC cells by the stabilization of SALL4 protein and induction of the target stemness genes through competitive binding to NRBP1.
Introns Regulate Gene Expression in Cryptococcus neoformans in a Pab2p Dependent Pathway (2013)

Most Cryptococccus neoformans genes are interrupted by introns, and alternative splicing occurs very often. In this study, we examined the influence of introns on C. neoformans gene expression. For most tested genes, elimination of introns greatly reduces mRNA accumulation. Strikingly, the number and the position of introns modulate the gene expression level in a cumulative manner. A screen for mutant strains able to express functionally an intronless allele revealed that the nuclear poly(A) binding protein Pab2 modulates intron-dependent regulation of gene expression in C. neoformans. PAB2 deletion partially restored accumulation of intronless mRNA. In addition, our results demonstrated that the essential nucleases Rrp44p and Xrn2p are implicated in the degradation of mRNA transcribed from an intronless allele in C. neoformans. Double mutant constructions and over-expression experiments suggested that Pab2p and Xrn2p could act in the same pathway whereas Rrp44p appears to act independently. Finally, deletion of the RRP6 or the CID14 gene, encoding the nuclear exosome nuclease and the TRAMP complex associated poly(A) polymerase, respectively, has no effect on intronless allele expression.
Detection and utilisation of quantitative trait loci in dairy cattle (1998)

The focus of the thesis is on the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) in dairy cattle and their utilisation in breeding programmes. Analysis of one bovine chromosome for quantitative trait loci for milk production traits is described and a QTL for protein percent was identified that was significant at the 1% level.When analysing the chromosome it was observed that the degree of precision in estimating QTL location and size (or variance) is poor. Through stochastic simulation, the effect of incorrect parameter estimates for quantitative trait locus effect, and position on genetic response from marker assisted selection is investigated.From this study it was concluded that studies should be undertaken to verify estimates of QTL and location to enable optimal use of marker assisted selection. Strategies to confirm the existence and size of quantitative trait loci identified in a genome scan are outlined. Also through stochastic simulation the effect of reducing flanking-marker bracket size was found to increase the genetic response from marker assisted selection.Simulation is used to estimate improvements in rate of genetic gain from marker assisted selection for two scenarios, the current situation and a futuristic setting. The increase in rate of genetic gain with marker assisted selection is some 5% in the current situation with the potential of 30% with improvements in level of genetic variance identified and the identified loci being in disequilibrium with marker alleles.The general discussion of this thesis addresses the use of significance levels in quantitative trait loci detection, experimental designs to identify further quantitative trait loci in the New Zealand dairy industry, and the current and possible future application of marker assisted selection in dairy breeding programmes.
A simulator for social exchanges and collaborations &#x2014; Architecture and case study (2012)

Social collaboration scenarios, such as sharing resources between friends, are becoming increasingly prevalent in recent years. An example of this new paradigm is Social Cloud Computing, which aims at leveraging existing digital relationships within social networks for the exchange of resources among users and user communities. Due to their complexity, such platforms and systems have to be carefully designed and engineered to suit their purpose. In this paper, we propose a general-purpose simulation tool to help in the design and analysis of Social Collaboration Platforms, and discuss potential use cases and the architecture of the simulator. To show the usefulness of the simulator, we present a simple use case in which we study the effects of an incentive scheme on the system and its user community.
Phosphate Tether-Mediated Approach to the Formal Total Synthesis of (−)-Salicylihalamides A and B (2011)

A concise formal synthesis of the cytotoxic macrolides (-)-salicylihalamides A and B is reported. Key features of the synthetic strategy include a chemoselective hydroboration, highly regio- and diastereoselective methyl cuprate addition, Pd-catalyzed formate reduction, and an E-selective ring-closing metathesis to construct the 12-membered macrocycle subunit. Overall, two routes have been developed from a readily prepared bicyclic phosphate (4 steps), a 13-step route and a more efficient 9-step sequence relying on regioselective esterification of a key diol.
Expression and phosphorylation of a MARCKS‐like protein in gastric chief cells: Further evidence for modulation of pepsinogen secretion by interaction of Ca2/calmodulin with protein kinase C (1997)

In gastric chief cells, agents that activate protein kinase C (PKC) stimulate pepsinogen secretion and phosphorylation of an acidic 72-kDa protein. The isoelectric point and molecular mass of this protein are similar to those for a common PKC substrate; the MARCKS (for Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate) protein. We examined expression and phosphorylation of the MARCKS-like protein in a nearly homogeneous suspension of chief cells from guinea pig stomach. Western blotting of fractions from chief cell lysates with a specific MARCKS antibody resulted in staining of a myristoylated 72-kDa protein (pp72), associated predominantly with the membrane fraction. Using permeabilized chief cells. we examined the effect of PKC activation (with the phorbol ester PMA), in the presence of basal (100 nM) or elevated cellular calcium (1 μM), on pepsinogen secretion and phosphorylation of the 72-kDa MARCKS-like protein. Secretion was increased 2.3-, 2.6-, and 4.5-fold by incubation with 100 nM PMA, 1 μM calcium, and PMA plus calcium, respectively. A PKC inhibitor (1 μM CGP 41 251) abolished PMA-induced secretion, but did not alter calcium-induced secretion. This indicates that calcium-induced secretion is independent of PKC activation. Chief cell proteins were labeled with 32P-orthophosphate and phosphorylation of pp72 was detected by autoradiography of 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gels. In the presence of basal calcium PMA (100 nM) caused a > two-fold increase in phosphorylation of pp72. Without PMA, calcium did not alter phosphorylation of pp72. However, 1 μM calcium caused an approx. 50% attenuation of PMA-induced phosphorylation of pp72. Experiments with a MARCKS “phosphorylation/calmodulin binding domain peptide” indicated that calcium/calmodulin inhibits phosphorylation of pp72 by binding to the phosphorylation/calmodulin binding domain and not by inhibiting PKC activity. These observations support the hypothesis that, in gastric chief cells, interplay between calcium/calmodulin binding and phosphorylation of a common domain on the 72-kDa MARCKS-like protein plays a role in modulating pepsinogen secretion. J. Cell. Biochem. 64:514–523. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The ROSETTA Lander anchoring system (2003)

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Telomeric Protein Pin2/TRF1 as an Important ATM Target in Response to Double Strand DNA Breaks (2001)

ATM mutations are responsible for the genetic disease ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). ATM encodes a protein kinase that is activated by ionizing radiation-induced double strand DNA breaks. Cells derived from A-T patients show many abnormalities, including accelerated telomere loss and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation; they enter into mitosis and apoptosis after DNA damage. Pin2 was originally identified as a protein involved in G(2)/M regulation and is almost identical to TRF1, a telomeric protein that negatively regulates telomere elongation. Pin2 and TRF1, probably encoded by the same gene, PIN2/TRF1, are regulated during the cell cycle. Furthermore, up-regulation of Pin2 or TRF1 induces mitotic entry and apoptosis, a phenotype similar to that of A-T cells after DNA damage. These results suggest that ATM may regulate the function of Pin2/TRF1, but their exact relationship remains unknown. Here we show that Pin2/TRF1 coimmunoprecipitated with ATM, and its phosphorylation was increased in an ATM-dependent manner by ionizing DNA damage. Furthermore, activated ATM directly phosphorylated Pin2/TRF1 preferentially on the conserved Ser(219)-Gln site in vitro and in vivo. The biological significance of this phosphorylation is substantiated by functional analyses of the phosphorylation site mutants. Although expression of Pin2 and its mutants has no detectable effect on telomere length in transient transfection, a Pin2 mutant refractory to ATM phosphorylation on Ser(219) potently induces mitotic entry and apoptosis and increases radiation hypersensitivity of A-T cells. In contrast, Pin2 mutants mimicking ATM phosphorylation on Ser(219) completely fail to induce apoptosis and also reduce radiation hypersensitivity of A-T cells. Interestingly, the phenotype of the phosphorylation-mimicking mutants is the same as that which resulted from inhibition of endogenous Pin2/TRF1 in A-T cells by its dominant-negative mutants. These results demonstrate for the first time that ATM interacts with and phosphorylates Pin2/TRF1 and suggest that Pin2/TRF1 may be involved in the cellular response to double strand DNA breaks.