gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobile Millennium: GPS Mobile Phones as Traffic Probes, California Networked Traveler - Safe Trip 21 Phase II (2011)

Recent advances in mobile devices and internet technology have led the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) to investigate a data collection solution that offers improved data reliability and availability at a significantly lower cost. It has been postulated that information from GPS cell phones could provide position and speed data -- referred to as probe data -- for highways and arterials in near real time over much of the transportation network. The Mobile Millennium project was established to determine if the collection and use of probe data for traveler information and traffic management was technically and institutionally feasible in order to provide a more reliable solution to the collection of traffic data. The Mobile Millennium project deployed thousands of phones in the San Francisco Bay Area in a short timeframe. The traffic data collected from those phones was processed into meaningful traveler information and fed back to a variety of channels, including the mobile handsets that generated it in the first place. Mobile Millennium established a community of individuals that generated valuable mobile content for one another and for society at large. The privacy of those individuals was strongly protected. It was also one of the first instances of crowd sourcing of GPS data for travel information purposes.
Calcium antagonists stimulate sperm motility in ejaculated human semen. (1985)

Three calcium antagonists, diltiazem, flunarizine and verapamil stimulated human sperm motility in vitro. Among them, diltiazem induced the largest amplitude of motility increase. The concentration-response curve of diltiazem was similar in shape to those of calcium chelators. EGTA, a calcium chelator, potentiated the stimulatory effect of diltiazem while A23187, a calcium ionophore, antagonized it. These observations supported our previous hypothesis that an increased concentration of calcium ion was detrimental to human sperm motility. Whether calcium antagonists could be used in the treatment of subfertile patients awaits further investigation.
Diastereomeric Fluoroolefins as Peptide Bond Mimics Prepared by Asymmetric Reductive Amination of α‐Fluoroenones. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Lysostaphin-Resistant Variants of Staphylococcus aureus Demonstrate Reduced Fitness In Vitro and In Vivo (2006)

Lysostaphin is under development as a therapy for serious staphylococcal infections. During preclinical development, lysostaphin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus variants have occasionally been reported in vitro and in vivo. The acquisition of resistance to this drug, however, leads to a significant increase in beta-lactam antibiotic susceptibility, rendering methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains functionally methicillin susceptible. In this study, we have demonstrated that the development of lysostaphin resistance by two strains of MRSA also led to a loss of fitness in the variants. Consistent with the mutations found in previously reported lysostaphin-resistant S. aureus variants, these two variants had mutations in their femA genes, resulting in nonfunctional FemA proteins and, thus, monoglycine cross bridges in the peptidoglycan. The diminished fitness of the lysostaphin-resistant variants was reflected by (i) a reduced logarithmic growth rate, with the variants being outcompeted in cocultures by their wild-type parental strains; (ii) increased susceptibility to elevated temperatures; and (iii) at least fivefold less virulence of the lysostaphin-resistant variants than their wild-type strains in a mouse kidney infection model, with the lysostaphin-resistant variants being outcompeted in coinfections with their wild-type parental strains. During a 14-day serial passage without selective pressure, the lysostaphin-resistant variants failed to develop compensatory mutations which restored their fitness. These results suggest that should lysostaphin resistance due to an alteration in the FemA function emerge in S. aureus during therapy with lysostaphin, the resistant variants would be less fit and less virulent, and, in addition, infections with these strains would be easily treatable with beta-lactam antibiotics.
Simulated dose reduction by adding artificial noise to measured raw data: a validation study (2010)

The purpose of this study was to verify and validate a noise simulation tool called Dose Tutor (VAMP GmbH) in terms of level and texture of the simulated noise. By adding artificial noise to measured computed tomography (CT) raw data, a scan acquired with a lower dose (mAs) than the actual one can be simulated. A homogeneous polyethylene phantom and an anthropomorphic chest phantom were scanned for different mAs levels, tube voltages, slice thicknesses and reconstruction kernels. The simulated noise levels were compared with the noise levels in real transverse slice images actually acquired with corresponding mAs values. In general, the noise comparisons showed acceptable agreement in magnitude (<20 % deviation in pixel standard deviation). Also, the calculated noise power spectra were similar, which indicates that the noise texture is correctly reproduced. In conclusion, this study establishes that the Dose Tutor might be a useful tool for estimating the dose reduction potential for CT protocols.
Fruit Surface Topographic Survey Supported By a Phase Shifting Projection Moire Technique (2008)

The pertinent literature discloses relevant research work on plant organs shape survey, considered important to all sort of crop mechanical handling, aiming mechanical bruising minimization and losses as consequences. A sequence of research work was proposed by Lino et ali, 2002 [3] starting with a topographic survey of a virtual surface (1), followed by a survey of solid symmetric figures surfaces (2), a fruit surface survey (3) and finally, the generation of a 3D digital model (4). In testing virtual surfaces, a Ronchi grid named G1 was generated in a PC, from which other grids referred as G2, G3, and G4 were set out of phase by 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of period from G1. However, in the present case, i.e. the step (3), grid G1 was projected onto a fruit surface instead of being virtually distorted. Projected grid was named Gd. The difference between Gd and G1 followed by filtration, generated de moiré fringes M1. The same procedure generated the fringes M2, M3 and M4 from Gd. Fringes are out of phase one from each other by 1/4 of period, which were processed by the Rising Sun Moiré software to produce packed phase and further on the unpacked fringes. Final representations in gray levels as well as in contour lines showed fruit surface topography. Images of parallel line segments projected onto the processed surface had been captured by means of the ImageJ software and the corresponding curve fitting obtained. Defective as well as bruised fruits had been tested as well. The work conclusions included commences on the reliability and usefulness of the proposed method.
Note: A Note on Phase‐Modulated Flow Birefringence: A Promising Rheo‐Optical Method (1984)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Paul L. Frattini, Gerald G. Fuller; Note: A Note on Phase‐Modulated Flow Birefringence: A Promising Rheo‐Optical Method. J. Rheol. 1 February 1984; 28 (1): 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.549768 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Clinical implications of chemotherapeutic agent organ toxicity on perioperative care (2021)

Cancer is the second most common cause of death in the United States and is a challenging disease to treat. The treatment options for various cancers include but are not limited to surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The mechanism behind chemotherapy is intended to promote cellular damage to cells that are proliferating uncontrollably. Unfortunately for the recipients, most chemotherapeutic agents cannot differentiate between malignant cells and healthy cells and tissues. Thus, chemotherapy-induced toxicities are often observed in once-healthy organs. These effects can be acute and self-limiting or chronic, appearing long after chemotherapy is completed. Cancer survivors can then present for non-cancer related surgeries later in life, due to this toxicity. Furthermore, the administration of chemotherapeutic agents can profoundly impact the anesthetic management of patients who are undergoing surgery. This review discusses how chemotherapy-induced organ toxicity can occur in multiple organ systems and what drugs should be avoided if prior toxicity exists in these organ systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Oxygen‐Atom Transfer Agent: Photochemical Hydroxylation of Benzene Derivatives by Pyrimido[5,4‐g]pteridine N‐Oxide. (1986)

Abstract Aromaten (II) können durch das Pyrimidino‐pteridin‐N‐oxid (I) unter Bildung von (III) zu Phenolen (IV) oxidiert werden.
Myogenic differentiation potential of human tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their potential for use to promote skeletal muscle regeneration (2016)

Stem cells are regarded as an important source of cells which may be used to promote the regeneration of skeletal muscle (SKM) which has been damaged due to defects in the organization of muscle tissue caused by congenital diseases, trauma or tumor removal. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which require less invasive harvesting techniques, represent a valuable source of cells for stem cell therapy. In the present study, we demonstrated that human tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) may differentiate into myogenic cells in vitro and that the transplantation of myoblasts and myocytes generated from human T-MSCs mediates the recovery of muscle function in vivo. In order to induce myogenic differentiation, the T-MSC-derived spheres were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium/nutrient mixture F-12 (DMEM/F‑12) supplemented with 1 ng/ml transforming growth factor-β, non-essential amino acids and insulin‑transferrin-selenium for 4 days followed by culture in myogenic induction medium [low-glucose DMEM containing 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 10 ng/ml insulin‑like growth factor 1 (IGF1)] for 14 days. The T-MSCs sequentially differentiated into myoblasts and skeletal myocytes, as evidenced by the increased expression of skeletal myogenesis-related markers [including α-actinin, troponin I type 1 (TNNI1) and myogenin] and the formation of myotubes in vitro. The in situ transplantation of T-MSCs into mice with a partial myectomy of the right gastrocnemius muscle enhanced muscle function, as demonstrated by gait assessment (footprint analysis), and restored the shape of SKM without forming teratomas. Thus, T-MSCs may differentiate into myogenic cells and effectively regenerate SKM following injury. These results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of T-MSCs to promote SKM regeneration following injury.
AA-Sort: A New Parallel Sorting Algorithm for Multi-Core SIMD Processors (2007)

Many sorting algorithms have been studied in the past, but there are only a few algorithms that can effectively exploit both SIMD instructions and thread-level parallelism. In this paper, we propose a new parallel sorting algorithm, called aligned-access sort (AA-sort), for shared-memory multi processors. The AA-sort algorithm takes advantage of SIMD instructions. The key to high performance is eliminating unaligned memory accesses that would reduce the effectiveness of SIMD instructions. We implemented and evaluated the AA-sort on PowerPC <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">reg</sup> 970MP and Cell Broadband Enginetrade. In summary, a sequential version of the AA-sort using SIMD instructions outperformed IBM's optimized sequential sorting library by 1.8 times and GPUTeraSort using SIMD instructions by 3.3 times on PowerPC 970MP when sorting 32 M of random 32-bit integers. Furthermore, a parallel version of AA-sort demonstrated better scalability with increasing numbers of cores than a parallel version of GPUTeraSort on both platforms.
Isolation ofOnchocerca lupiin Dogs and Black Flies, California, USA (2015)

In southern California, ocular infections caused by Onchocerca lupi were diagnosed in 3 dogs (1 in 2006, 2 in 2012). The infectious agent was confirmed through morphologic analysis of fixed parasites in tissues and by PCR and sequencing of amplicons derived from 2 mitochondrially encoded genes and 1 nuclear-encoded gene. A nested PCR based on the sequence of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene of the parasite was developed and used to screen Simulium black flies collected from southern California for O. lupi DNA. Six (2.8%; 95% CI 0.6%-5.0%) of 213 black flies contained O. lupi DNA. Partial mitochondrial16S rRNA gene sequences from the infected flies matched sequences derived from black fly larvae cytotaxonomically identified as Simulium tribulatum. These data implicate S. tribulatum flies as a putative vector for O. lupi in southern California.
Antibody coated bacteria in urine of patients with recent spinal injury. (1990)

Twenty patients with an acute spinal injury were prospectively studied to assess the clinical importance of antibody coated bacteria (ACB) in the urine and the association among the different bacterial species with a positive antibody coated bacteria test. Clinical urinary tract infection was associated with a positive ACB test on 45% of occasions. Three hundred and ninety nine urine samples containing 541 bacterial isolates were assessed for the presence of ACB; 13% were found to be positive and 87% negative for ACB; 67% of urines contained a single bacterial isolate. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most commonly associated with clinical urinary tract infection, found in 25% of episodes, followed by Proteus mirabilis (17.5%), Klebsiella sp (12.5%), and Proteus morganii (10%). Providencia stuartii, however, was most commonly associated with a positive ACB test (found in 17%). Other bacteria associated with a positive ACB test included Klebsiella sp (14%), Acinetobacter sp (12.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12%), Citrobacter sp (11.5%). A positive ACB test is not to be expected from a patient with spinal injury who has a catheter in place, and the test may provide a useful guide to identify those patients with an invasive infection. It is doubtful that a decision to treat or not treat bacteriuria could rest on the identification of the bacterial species alone.
Effects of Fluvastatin Treatment on Insulin Sensitivity in Patients with Hyperlipidaemia (2002)

This study aimed to determine the effects of fluvastatin treatment on insulin sensitivity in patients with hyperlipidaemia. Non-obese, normoglycaemic, normotensive patients with hyperlipidaemia (n = 20) and a reference group of healthy subjects of similar age, sex, and body mass index (n = 20) were evaluated. Patients with other causes of peripheral insulin resistance were excluded. All participants underwent a diagnostic protocol, which included measurements of insulin sensitivity index and other metabolic parameters. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA). Serum insulin levels were tested by radioimmunoassay. Patients were treated with fluvastatin 40 mg once daily for 3 months. Before fluvastatin treatment, fasting serum insulin levels were significantly raised in patients with hyperlipidaemia compared with subjects from the reference group (19.1 +/- 13.4 versus 8.1 +/- 3.4 microIU/ml). The fasting serum insulin levels and HOMA-estimated insulin sensitivity were correlated in the whole group. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between HOMA-estimated insulin resistance and plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Patients with hyperlipidaemia had reduced insulin sensitivity that was reflected by high serum fasting insulin levels. Anti-hyperlipidaemic treatment with fluvastatin increases insulin sensitivity.
[A study on the relationship between Lp(a) and arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction]. (1998)

Using a 1:1 matched case control study, we analysed the data of 105 arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction cases and controls to detect the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and Lp(a). The results showed that the average level of Lp(a) in cases was (238.38 mg/L), significantly higher than that of controls (149.98 mg/L t = 3.96, P < 0.001). Comparing the levels of different age groups and sex, no significant difference, except the group over 70 years, which was higher than that in other groups was found. Dose-response analysis also showed that the OR value was positively correlated with the Lp(a). Multi-variable logistic regression model indicated that Lp(a) was an independent risk factor with OR = 1.93. Another risk factor was TG. However, LDL-C, HDL-C were found to be the protective factors of arteriosclerotic cerebral infarction, with an OR = 0.32.
Stability of dust voids (2005)

Dust voids are frequently observed as dust-free regions in a dusty plasma. Experiments demonstrate a variety of dust void structures such as stable or unstable voids, global “heatbeat” modes of oscillations of voids, dust voids in the center of the chamber or near its walls. Theory shows that a dust void generally results from the balance of the electrostatic and the plasma (such as the ion drag) forces acting on a dust particle. Here, the stability theory of a void is developed and the void behavior is modeled. It is shown that sequences of stable and unstable void sizes can exist. The dynamics of dust in a plasma follows these stability characteristics leading to various stable and/or unstable dust void structures.
Development of a membrane resistance based modeling framework for comparison of ultrafiltration processes (2000)

A parametric study was conducted to develop a more general modeling framework as a basis for comparison of ultrafiltration membrane modules and separation processes. Discrete experiments were performed to examine the effects of operating parameters on permeate flux behavior in the tubular and high-shear rotary ultrafiltration (HSRUF) systems using a synthetic metal working (MW) fluid as a surrogate feed stream due to its relevance in industrial process and treatment applications. The conventional thin-film model was successfully applied to permeate flux data collected at low feed oil concentrations; however, model predictions at high concentrations were physically meaningless due to the formation of a two phase limiting permeate flux. Application of the resistance-in-series (RIS) approach was examined as an alternative to the conventional model and was successful in predicting permeate flux values at all oil concentrations examined in this study. The RIS model was then modified by postulating an explicit form of the resistance index in terms of operating parameters characteristic of all ultrafiltration (UF) processes. Due to the general nature of the modified RIS approach, the relationships developed in this study were utilized as a means of comparison between the tubular and HSRUF modules resulting in the development of a technical operating scheme for a hybrid tubular-HSRUF separation system. The general form of the modified RIS approach enables application of the procedures presented in this study as a means for comparison between a wide range of UF modules. Further, the approach developed is a general foundation for future investigations of emerging focus areas in separations research, such as hybrid schemes.
Should Life Insurers Have Access to Genetic Test Results? (2014)

Should life insurance companies have access to consumers’ genetic information? In deciding whether to sell life insurance policies and at what price, insurers routinely consider applicants’ risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. Should genetic information be excluded? The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) bars use of genetic information for health insurance underwriting decisions, but not for life, long-term care, or disability insurance. These questions have received occasional attention in the past but have become more salient with the rapidly decreasing cost and increasing use of predictive genetic testing. Individuals at risk for serious genetic diseases may fear loss of insurance coverage or higher rates and thus decline genetic testing that could improve disease prevention, early diagnosis, or treatment.
High-Resolution Remote Sensing Image Classification Using Associative Hierarchical CRF Considering Segmentation Quality (2018)

This letter proposes an associative hierarchical conditional random field (AHCRF) model to improve the classification accuracy of high-resolution remote sensing images. It considers segmentation quality of superpixels, avoids a time-consuming selection of optimal scale parameters, and alleviates the problem of classification accuracy sensitive to undersegmentation errors that is present in traditional object-oriented classification methods. The model is built on a graph hierarchy, including the pixel layer as a base layer and multiple superpixel layers derived from a mean shift presegmentation. It extracts clustered features of pixels for superpixels at each layer and then defines the potentials of the AHCRF model. We suggest a weighted version of the interlayer potential using the size of a superpixel as a measure to reflect segmentation quality. In this way, erroneously labeled pixels of a superpixel are penalized. Experiments are presented using a part of the downsampled Vaihingen data from the ISPRS benchmark data set. Results confirm that our model shows more than 80% overall classification accuracy and is superior to the original AHCRF model and comparable to other models. It also alleviates the choosing of suitable segmentation parameters.
The GSM System for Mobile Communications (1992)

From the Publisher:
This book is out-of-print, and a new second edition will be released by the end of 2002.
The digital standard known as the Global System for Mobile (GSM) has captured a large share of the global cellular market. This book aims to bridge the gap between a readers basic knowledge of telecommunications and the complexities of the 5000-page GSM technical specification. It describes the system as a whole, covering all aspects of the standard, including mobile stations, switching equipment, the radio interface, infrastructure, transmission methods, and signaling protocols. System architects involved in the design of personal communications systems will find the book to be a complete description of the GSM communications system. It also may serve as a general introduction to digital cellular systems.