gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hidden planetary friends: on the stability of two-planet systems in the presence of a distant, inclined companion (2018)

Recent observational campaigns have shown that multiplanet systems seem to be abundant in our Galaxy. Moreover, it seems that these systems might have distant companions, either planets, brown-dwarfs, or other stellar objects. These companions might be inclined with respect to the inner planets, and could potentially excite the eccentricities of the inner planets through the Eccentric Kozai–Lidov mechanism. These eccentricity excitations could perhaps cause the inner orbits to cross, disrupting the inner system. We study the stability of two-planet systems in the presence of a distant, inclined, giant planet. Specifically, we derive a stability criterion, which depends on the companion’s separation and eccentricity. We show that our analytic criterion agrees with the results obtained from numerically integrating an ensemble of systems both secularly and with N-body simulations. Finally, as a potential proof-of-concept, we provide a set of predictions for the parameter space that allows the existence of planetary companions for the Kepler-56, Kepler-448, Kepler-88, Kepler-109, and Kepler-36 systems.
Optimum gain control for A/D conversion using digitized I/Q data in quadrature sampling (1991)

Calculation of optimum gain for minimum distortion due to A/D (analog-to-digital) conversion requires the estimation of the input signal strength. To use a common AGC (automatic gain control) for both the I/Q (in-phase and quadrature) signals, it is efficient to estimate the input signal strength using the quantized A/D output from both channels. Assuming a Gaussian input, the relationship between sigma of the input of the A/D converter and E( mod x mod + mod y mod ) and E(max( mod x mod , mod y mod )+1/2 min ( mod x mod , mod y mod )) for t quantized I/Q output x and y is derived. Numerical results obtained using the derived expression and the statistical data obtained through simulation show excellent agreement. It is concluded that, because of its simplicity, the cubic equation obtained by fitting the numerical results should be useful.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
INVESTIGATION OF s, PMMA AND PVC BLENDS BY NONRADIATIVE ENERGY TRANSFER. (1984)

Recently, studies have been reported dealing with non-radiative energy transfer between two chemically different polymers labeled with donor and acceptor chromophores, respectively. As the mutual approach of polymer-bound chromophores depends on the extent to which the chains of the different polymers are able to interpenetrate, the efficiency of energy transfer is a sensitive indicator of polymer miscibility, on a scale of a few nms. This work aims at characterizing the miscibility of s. PMMA/PVC blends by this investigation technique.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR KNOWLEDGE-BASED PRODUCT-SERVICE SYSTEM DESIGN SUPPORT (2012)

Compared to product design, a broader range of knowledge is required to Product-Service System (PSS) design, since both products and services are included in its design object. In this paper, a method for knowledge-based PSS design support is proposed. Th
Gene Activity Changes in Ischemically Preconditioned Rabbit Heart Gene: Discovery Array Study (2002)

This study tested the hypothesis that classic ischemic preconditioning can cause changes in gene expression patterns in the rabbit heart, assessed by gene array technology. Open-chest rabbits were randomly assigned to sham-operated and ischemically preconditioned groups. The sham-operated group received 5 hours and 20 minutes of no intervention, while the ischemically preconditioned group was subjected to two episodes of preconditioning ischemia (5 minutes each) separated by 5 minutes of reperfusion, followed by an additional 5 hours and 5 minutes of reperfusion. (33)P-labeled cDNA from the sham-operated hearts and the nonischemic and preconditioned areas of the ischemically preconditioned group was hybridized to filters spotted with 18,376 human cDNA clones. Altogether, 35 genes with significantly altered expression patterns were discovered. In the preconditioned area, genes for MAPKAP kinase 3 and cathepsin G were up-regulated. In the nonischemic area, genes for GTP exchange factor, Na(+), K(+)-ATPase, Zn finger protein 35, a representative of the CEA family, cytochrome c oxidase, mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein, and Ran-binding protein were up-regulated. None of the identified genes had been previously reported to be involved in ischemic preconditioning.
XELIRI-bevacizumab versus FOLFIRI-bevacizumab as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group phase III trial with collateral biomarker analysis (2012)

The aim was to compare two standard chemotherapy regimens combined with bevacizumab as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients previously untreated for metastatic disease were randomized in: group A (irinotecan, capecitabine, bevacizumab, every 3 weeks; XELIRI-bevacizumab) and group B (irinotecan, leucovorin, fluorouracil, bevacizumab, every 2 weeks; FOLFIRI-bevacizumab). Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Plasma concentrations of nitric oxide, osteopontin, TGF-β1 and VEGF-A were measured at baseline and during treatment. Among 285 eligible patients, 143 were randomized to group A and 142 to group B. Fifty-five patients (38.5%) in group A and 57 (40.1%) in group B responded (p = 0.81). After a median follow-up of 42 months, median PFS was 10.2 and 10.8 months (p = 0.74), while median OS was 20.0 and 25.3 months (p = 0.099), for groups A and B, respectively. Most frequent grade 3–4 toxicities (group A vs group B) were neutropenia (13% vs 22%, p = 0.053) and diarrhea (19% vs 11%, p = 0.082). Baseline plasma osteopontin concentrations demonstrated prognostic significance for both PFS and OS. This trial did not show significant differences in efficacy between the groups. However, the toxicity profile was different. Baseline plasma osteopontin concentrations demonstrated independent prognostic significance. (Registration number: ACTRN12610000270011)
Microfabricated Dual Sprayer for On-Line Mass Tagging of Phosphopeptides (2008)

Phosphopeptides tagging reactions by dinuclear zinc(II) complexes (1,3-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]-propan-2-olato dizinc(II)3+, called tag) were performed with a dual-channel microsprayer in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The reaction is first studied ex situ and analyzed with a commercial electrospray source. In situ reactions (i.e., inside the Taylor cone) were achieved with a dual-channel microsprayer both with the tag synthesized chemically before the experiments and with the tag electrogenerated by in situ oxidation of a zinc electrode, also used to apply the electrospray current. The device consists of a polyimide microchip with two microchannels (20 microm x 50 microm x 1 cm) etched on each side of the structure and connecting only at the tip of the microchip. We demonstrate here that mixing two solutions with different physicochemical properties inside the Taylor cone can be used to selectively tag target molecules.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF 6‐(N‐METHYLANILINO)‐5‐(N‐PHENYLIMINO)PYRIMIDINE‐2,4(3H,5H)‐DIONE WITH BENZYL HYDROSULFIDE AND BENZYLAMINE (1985)

Abstract Die Imino‐uracile (I) oxidieren Benzyl‐mercaptan (II) und das Amin (III) zum Benzyldisulfid (V) bzw. zum Benzylidenbenzylamin (VI).
Efficient discriminative training of long-span language models (2011)

Long-span language models, such as those involving syntactic dependencies, produce more coherent text than their n-gram counterparts. However, evaluating the large number of sentence-hypotheses in a packed representation such as an ASR lattice is intractable under such long-span models both during decoding and discriminative training. The accepted compromise is to rescore only the N-best hypotheses in the lattice using the long-span LM. We present discriminative hill climbing, an efficient and effective discriminative training procedure for long-span LMs based on a hill climbing rescoring algorithm [1]. We empirically demonstrate significant computational savings as well as error-rate reduction over N-best training methods in a state of the art ASR system for Broadcast News transcription.
The prognostic significance of amplification and overexpression of c-met and c-erb B-2 in human gastric carcinomas (1999)

These data suggest that overexpression and/or gene amplification of c-met and c-erb B-2 may be prognostic factors in gastric carcinoma.
Adhesions: preventive strategies. (1997)

Adhesions, which occur after 67% to 93% of abdominal operations, represent a major clinical problem, resulting in intestinal obstruction, infertility, and pain and incurring considerable economic costs. The magnitude and seriousness of the problem of adhesions have been underappreciated. Moreover, efforts to prevent or reduce adhesions largely have been unsuccessful, hindered by their empirical basis, the lack of good predictive animal models, and the biochemical complexities of adhesiogenesis. The two major strategies for adhesion prevention or reduction are adjusting surgical technique and applying adjuvants. Modifications in technique that all surgeons should implement include minimizing the invasiveness of surgery, minimizing surgical trauma, such as ischemia from peritoneal suturing, and avoiding the introduction of foreign material, e.g., starch glove powder, into the body. Given the adhesiogenic nature of peritoneal repair, however, improvements in surgical technique alone will help decrease but not prevent adhesion formation. Adjuvant therapy is necessary. Adjuvants fall into two main categories, drugs and barriers. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have shown questionable clinical efficacy, possibly because of difficulties in drug delivery. Corticosteroids, alone or with antihistamines, also have had equivocal clinical results and may be immunosuppressive and delay wound healing. Experimentally, fibrinolytics such as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), administered systemically or intraperitoneally (i.p.), have demonstrated conflicting results and hemorrhagic complications. However, recently, tPA, administered topically in a carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) gel, has been effective in reducing and preventing adhesions in rabbits. Phosphatidylcholine, given i.p. or orally, also has shown promise in animal studies. Barriers, by separating traumatized surfaces for the critical first five to seven days of peritoneal re-epithelialization, are useful adjuvants, and include macromolecular solutions and mechanical devices. Dextran, a macromolecular solution, has been studied widely, but has not demonstrated consistent clinical efficacy and has been largely abandoned as an anti-adhesion barrier. A newly developed hyaluronic acid-phosphate-buffered saline solution applied intraoperatively to protect peritoneal surfaces from indirect surgical trauma effectively and safely reduced adhesions in a large multicenter study of women undergoing gynecological laparotomy. Three recently developed mechanical barriers also have demonstrated clinical progress in adhesion prevention. A bioresorbable membrane consisting of hyaluronic acid and CMC has gained regulatory approval for clinical use in both general and gynecological surgery following demonstration of efficacy and safety in reducing adhesions. A barrier made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and another developed from oxidized regenerated cellulose are currently available for gynecological surgery. With continued research, new and improved approaches hopefully will become available to prevent adhesion formation.
Indocyanine-Green Fluorescence Video Angiography Used Clinically to Evaluate Tissue Perfusion in Microsurgery (2004)

Fluorescence angiography with ICG is a sensitive diagnostic tool for detecting compromised tissue perfusion in trauma surgery and microsurgery. Its use may improve perioperative management and thereby lead to better clinical results.
Long-time operation of a 100-W green average-power two-rod double-pass Nd:YAG MOPA system (2000)

A diode pumped Nd:YAG rod master-oscillator power-amplifier system that delivers 220 W average power in a near top-hat beam distribution has been developed. The repetition rate is 2.5 kHz (25% duty cycle) and the pulse width is approximately 50 ns. With a two-stage KTP crystal 131 W green average power was obtained at frequency-conversion efficiency as high as 65.2%. The system was continuously operated 100 hours starting with an initial green power of 106 W. As the experiments finished the green power was 97.4 W. The decrease in green power, which was mainly attributed to the gray tracing effect in KTP, was characterized by a slope of 0.07-%/hour. The amplifier heads incorporate new concepts for both the pump cavity and the pump source to cavity transport line. Thereby the results of which were an efficient absorption of the pumped light in the media and homogeneous pumped-beam distribution under various pump-power levels, Nd:YAG active media of different radii and concentration and shifts of the diode wavelength resulted.
Shining the RNA-Seq microscope on models of HIV latency (2015)

Author(s): Woelk, CH; White, CH; Bosque, A; Moesker, B; Spina, CA; Richman, DD; Beliakova-Bethell, N; Planelles, V
Microbial Activity in the Rhizosphere in Relation to the Iron Nutrition of Plants (1993)

Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the soil, but since it forms insoluble hydroxides at neutral and basic pH, it often falls short of meeting the basic requirements of plants and microorganisms. Most aerobic and facultative aerobic microorganisms possess a high-affinity Fe transport system in which siderophores are excreted and the consequent Fe complex is taken up via a cognate specific receptor and a transport pathway. The role of the siderophore in Fe uptake by plants and microorganisms was the focus of this study. In this research Rhizopus arrhizus was found to produce a novel siderophore named Rhizoferrin when grown under Fe deficiency. This compound was purified and its chemical structure was elucidated. Fe-Rhizoferrin was found to alleviate Fe deficiency when applied to several plants grown in nutrient solutions. It was concluded that Fe-Rhizoferrin is the most efficient Fe source for plants when compared with other among microbial siderophores known to date and its activity equals that of the most efficient synthetic commercial iron fertilizer-Fe EDDHA. Siderophores produced by several rhizosphere organisms including Rhizopus Pseudomonas were purified. Monoclonal antibodies were produced and used to develop a method for detection of the siderophores produced by plant-growth-promoting microorganisms in barley rhizosphere. The presence of an Fe-ferrichrome uptake in fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. was demonstrated, and its structural requirements were mapped in P. putida with the help of biomimetic ferrichrome analogs. Using competition experiments, it was shown that FOB, Cop B and FC share at least one common determinant in their uptake pathway. Since FC analogs did not affect FOB or Cop-mediated 55Fe uptake, it could be concluded that these siderophores make use of a different receptor(s) than FC. Therefore, recognition of Cop, FOB and FC proceeds through different receptors having different structural requirements. On the other hand, the phytosiderophores mugineic acid (MA and DMA), were utilized indirectly via ligand exchange by P. putida. Receptors from different biological systems seem to differ in their structural requirements for siderophore recognition and uptake. The design of genus- or species-specific drugs, probes or chemicals, along with an understanding of plant-microbe and microbe-microbe relationships as well as developing methods to detect siderophores using monoclonal antibodies are useful for manipulating the composition of the rhizosphere microbial population for better plant growth, Fe-nutrition and protection from diseases.
Mechanical behavior of ultrastructural biocomposites (2006)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2006.
Unbalance Compensation by Recursive Seeking Unbalance Mass Position in Active Magnetic Bearing-Rotor System (2015)

In active magnetic bearing-rotor systems, unbalance compensation is used to force the rotor to spin around its geometric axis for better rotary precision. A method, which produces the control signal according to the real-time position of the rotor's unbalance mass, is proposed to actualize the unbalance compensation. Unlike the unbalance force, the unbalance mass' magnitude and position are the inherent property of the rotor and independent of the rotor speed. While the rotor speed is varying, the unbalance mass position needs not to be recalculated continuously and frequently. It will significantly reduce the computational cost. Additionally, the seeking step size in the proposed method is a constant in order to avoid the signal disturbance, so that the control can achieve the further steady-going convergence. The control performance in the condition with different unbalance phases, different seeking step sizes and different noise levels are analyzed in simulations. The experiments indicate that the proposed method achieves the good effectiveness to suppress the rotor vibration. Furthermore, it is of benefit to reducing the computational cost and suitable for application in the varying-speed operation.
Biochemical and morphologic studies of cartilage from the adult human sacroiliac joint (1983)

The cartilage of the adult sacroiliac joint contains type II collagen and a high concentration of glycosaminoglycan. Furthermore, large aggregating proteoglycans and link proteins were extracted from the sacral cartilage. In these respects the sacroiliac cartilage is similar to that in the peripheral joints. However, while the organization of the collagen in the sacral cartilage is typical of an articular cartilage, the organization of the ilial cartilage is very different, and throughout its depth it possesses narrow collagen fibrils arranged parallel to the articular surface.
Combined Distributed Turbo Coding and Space Frequency Block Coding Techniques (2010)

The distributed space-time (frequency) coding and distributed channel turbo coding used independently represent two cooperative techniques that can provide increased throughput and spectral efficiency at an imposed maximum Bit Error Rate (BER) and delay required from the new generation of cellular networks. This paper proposes two cooperative algorithms that employ jointly the two types of techniques, analyzes their BER and spectral efficiency performances versus the qualities of the channels involved, and presents some conclusions regarding the adaptive employment of these algorithms.
[Corrigendum] The expression of Wnt‑1 inducible signaling pathway protein‑2 in astrocytoma: Correlation between pathological grade and clinical outcome (2021)

Subsequently to the publication of the above paper, an interested reader brought to the readers’ attention that some statements and primer sequences in the paper had apparently been presented incorrectly. The authors have considered the queries raised by the reader, and acknowledge that there were errors featured in the text of the paper and in the two Tables that are in need of correction; therefore, they wish to publish a corrigendum to rectify these issues. First, the opening sentence of the “<em>Tissue slides</em>” subsection of the Materials and methods section, in the left-hand column on p. 236, incorrectly stated that the number of normal brain paraffin‑embedded samples was 14; the actual number of normal specimens was 15, in agreement with what was written in Table I. Secondly, in Table I on p. 237, the means of astrocytomas was calculated incorrectly, and the actual mean should have been written as 0.650 ± 0.138 (instead of 0.986±0.138); also, the actual number of astrocytomas of pathological grade WHO I in Table I should have been written as 22, not 23. Thirdly, in Table II on p. 238, the mean of astrocytomas was likewise presently incorrectly owing to a calculation error: This should have been written as 0.694 ± 0.445 (instead of 0.677 ± 0.445). Finally, the primer sequences for human WISP‑2 cDNA were reported incorrectly on p. 236; these should have been written as follows: Forward primer, 5’‑TTTCTGGCCTTGTCTCTTCC‑3’ and reverse primer, 5’‑GCACAGGCGGCGCTGGGTCTC‑3’. Note that these errors do not affect the stated conclusions of the paper. The authors are grateful to the Editor of <em>Oncology Letters</em> for allowing them the opportunity to publish this corrigendum, thank the reader of their article for drawing these errors to their attention, and apologize to the readership for any confusion caused. [the original article was published in <em>Oncology Letters</em> 9: 235-240, 2015; DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2663]
Nuevos datos sobre La Morisma de Aínsa: estudio y edición de tres versiones del texto (2010)

En el presente articulo se quiere dar a conocer la nueva informacion que durante los ultimos anos ha aportado nuestra investigacion sobre La Morisma de Ainsa, para completar de este modo la ya expuesta en trabajos anteriores. Asi, por un lado, se editan tres versiones de esta pieza teatral, recogidas en un texto de Jose Luis Sierra Lafuerza de 1974: la ya conocida de 1930, recopilada por Luis Mur y Francisco Penuelas (version C), y otras dos anteriores e ineditas, una de 1866, firmada por Fidencio Sese, cuyo original se ha perdido (version A), y otra de 1923, recogida por Jose Sierra Salinas (version B). Por otro lado, se acompana dicha edicion de los nuevos datos de la obra encontrados en diferentes documentos y fuentes bibliograficas, y de los que surgen del estudio de estas dos nuevas versiones no conocidas, asi como del analisis comparado de todas ellas.
In Vivo Imaging of Cardiovascular Endothelin Receptors Using the Novel Radiolabelled Antagonist [18F]-SB209670 and Positron Emission Tomography (microPET) (2004)

The aim of this study was to develop an F-labelled analogue of SB209670 with subnanomolar affinity for the endothelin receptor and to test whether it would have the required pharmacokinetic properties to permit binding and imaging of endothelin receptors in rat heart in vivo using small animal positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. [18F]-SB209670 could be produced in a total radiochemical yield of 14.9 +/- 3.8% in 162 +/- 7 minutes (n = 6). The radiochemical purity of the isolated radioligand was 99% and the specific activity was 100-150 GBq/micromol. In vitro characterization using ligand-binding assays demonstrated that [18F]-SB209670 bound with a single subnanomolar affinity to human heart tissue (n = 3) with a KD = 0.67 +/- 0.14 nM and a Bmax = 168.3 +/- 29.3 fmol/mg protein. The binding was time-dependent with a half-time (t(1/2)) for association of 3.8 minutes and an association rate constant (kobs) of 0.182 +/- 0.032/min. In vivo distribution in the rat was studied using microPET. Dynamic imaging revealed a fast clearance of [F]-SB209670 from the circulation by the liver, indicative of a high degree of metabolism. However, visualization of uptake in the rat heart was achievable and dynamic PET data together with the in vitro results suggest that [F]-SB209670 binds rapidly and primarily to endothelin-A receptors in the heart.