gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DECKSCHICHTEN AUS DRAENBETON - EINE OEKOLOGISCHE BAUWEISE (1996)

In Deutschland hat der Umweltschutz seit langem einen hohen Stellenwert. Mit dem permanent wachsenden oeffentlichen und politischen Druck bezueglich der Reduzierung der Laermemissionen (Laermminderung) an Strassen einerseits und der Entsiegelung von Flaechenbefestigungen andererseits sind die Verkehrsplaner und Strassenbauer immer staerker gefordert, entsprechend oekologisch und oekonomisch vertretbare Loesungen fuer den Strassenbau zu finden und diese in der Praxis wirkungsvoll und dauerhaft umzusetzen. Mit der ein- oder zweischichtigen, offenporigen Draenbeton-Bauweise kann heute bereits auf breiter Basis den hohen gesetzlichen und oekologischen Anforderungen in bezug auf Laerm-, Boden- und Gewaesserschutz in hohem Masse Rechnung getragen werden. Neben der starken Verminderung des Verkehrslaerms an Strassen und Schienen - bis zu 7 dB(A) gegenueber dichten Belaegen - bietet auch eine Draenbeton-Deckschicht dem Verkehrsteilnehmer ein hohes Mass an Verkehrssicherheit sowohl auf trockener als auch auf nasser Fahrbahn. Hierbei ist besonders die gute Griffigkeit sowie das Vermeiden von Aquaplaning und Spruehfahnen als positive Belagseigenschaft hervorzuheben. Ein weiteres grosses Anwendungsfeld einer offenporigen, wasserdurchlaessigen Tragdeckschicht liegt in der effektiven Entsiegelung von Verkehrsflaechen im privaten und oeffentlichen Bereich. Beim Draenbeton handelt es sich um einen sogenannten Einkornbeton mit einem Hohlraumgehalt von 20-25 Volumen-Prozent. Die einzelnen Zuschlagkoerner sind in der Regel mit einem kunststoffmodifizierten Zementleim stabil und dauerhaft verkittet. Der Einbau des Draenbetons erfolgt mit einem konventionellen Strassenfertiger und einer fuer den Betoneinbau konzipierten Hochverdichtungsbohle. Mit diesem Geraet lassen sich sehr rationell und wirtschaftlich Verkehrsflaechen - in ein- oder zweischichtiger Bauweise - als Tragdeck- oder Deckschicht herstellen.
O2‐07‐02: Modeling the temporal evolution of Alzheimer's pathology with autopsy data (2011)

Recent longitudinal clinical and imaging studies suggest that Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology begins before clinical symptoms can be diagnosed, and evolves non-linearly. However, the association between longitudinal changes and autopsy findings cannot be easily determined because autopsy data are available only after death. In this study, we combine autopsy data with latent growth curve (LGC) models of in vivo cognitive change in formal and arguably causal mediation models of the temporal development of AD neuropathology. Autopsy data from 435 participants in the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS) were combined into latent factor measures of neuritic plaque (NP) and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) counts. These were associated with latent intercept and slope parameters from a LGC model of 10-year change in cognitive test performance. Figure 1 presents the NFT model. Change in cognition fully mediated the association between baseline cognitive performance and NFT counts. In contrast, change in cognition was not a mediator of the association between baseline cognition and NP counts.
Wave functions for nonAbelian vortices (1995)

We construct exact wavefunctions of two vortices on a plane, a single vortex on the cylinder and a vortex on the torus. In each case, the physics is shown to be equivalent to a particle moving in a covering space, something simple to solve in those examples. We describe how our solutions fit into the general theory of quantum mechanics of N particles on a two-dimensional space and attribute our success to the fact that the fundamental groups are Abelian in the simple cases that we are considering.
Neutrophil-mediated endothelial injury in vitro mechanisms of cell detachment. (1981)

Neutrophil-mediated endothelial injury was assessed in vitro using assays of cell lysis and cell detachment. Activation of human peripheral blood neutrophils adherent to human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers by serum-treated zymosan produced dose-dependent endothelial cell detachment without concomitant cell lysis. This injury was inhibited by neutral protease inhibitors, but not by catalase or superoxide dismutase. Neutrophils from a patient with chronic granulomatous disease also produced endothelial cell detachment when activated by serum-treated zymosan similar to normal neutrophils. Endothelial detachment was also produced by cell-free postsecretory media from activated neutrophils or by partially purified human neutrophil granule fraction and was inhibitable by tryptic, elastase, and serine protease inhibitors, but not by an acid protease inhibitor. Analysis of iodinated endothelial cell surface proteins that had been exposed to partially purified neutrophil granule fraction showed complete loss of proteins migrating in the region of fibronectin by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This result was prevented in the presence of neutral protease inhibitors. We conclude that neutrophil-derived neutral proteases mediate endothelial cell detachment in vitro through digestion of endothelial cell surface proteins including fibronectin.
System test and flight results from infrared astronomical satellite external thermal subsystem (1985)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Dynamically reconfigurable framework for pixel-level visible light communication projector (2014)

We have developed the Pixel-level Visible Light Communication (PVLC) projector based on the DLP (Digital Light Processing) system. The projector can embed invisible data pixel by pixel into a visible image to realize augmented reality applications. However, it cannot update either invisible or visible contents in real time. In order to solve the problem, we improve the projector so that a PC can dynamically control the system and enable us to achieve a high-frame-rate feature by resolution conversion. This paper proposes the system framework and the design method for the dynamically reconfigurable PVLC projector.
Side-Chain LC Block Copolymers with Well Defined Structures Prepared by Living Anionic Polymerization. 2: Effect of the Glass Transition Temperature of Amorphous Segments on the Phase Behaviour and Structure of the LC Segment (1998)

We have prepared two classes of LC diblock copolymers, OcSt-b-LC and MeStb-LC, by living anionic polymerization. These are composed of the side-chain LC polymer as one segment and two different amorphous polymers, poly(octyl styrene) (OcSt) and poly(α-methyl styrene) (MeSt), as the other segment. OcSt and MeSt segments have glass transition temperatures of − 60 °C and 160 °C respectively, which are relatively lower and higher than the transition temperatures of crystal–S A (∼90 °C) and S A –isotropic (∼130 °C) in the LC segment. In OcSt-b-LC the lamellar domain size decreases gradually from that of the crystal phase to that of the isotropic phase, indicating that the global conformation of the backbone changes throughout the S A temperature region. In MeSt-b-LC, in contrast, no change in the lamellar size is observed and the crystallinity of the LC segment is reduced in comparison with that in OcSt-b-LC while the liquid crystal is well formed. Such a distinction between two copolymer systems, arising from an interplay between the LC and amorphous segments, shows that the global conformation of the backbone is significant for understanding the phase behaviour and structure of side-chain LC polymers.
High-power fiber lasers (1998)

Summary form only given. Cladding-pumped Er,Yb doped fiber lasers have been constructed with fiber Bragg gratings and Nd- or Yb-doped cladding-pumped fiber to produce output powers in excess of 10 W at wavelengths around 1100 nm. This has been possible through the design of efficient cladding pumped fibers with good diode to single-mode conversion efficiencies.
Room temperature thin film Ba/sub x/Sr/sub 1-x/TiO/sub 3/ Ku-band coupled microstrip phase shifters: effects of film thickness, doping, annealing and substrate choice (2003)

We report on measurements taken on thirteen Ku-band coupled microstrip phase shifters (CMPS) using thin ferroelectric films of Ba/sub x/Sr/sub 1-x/TiO/sub 3/. This CMPS design is a recent innovation designed to take advantage of the high tunability and tolerate the high dielectric constant of ferroelectric films at Ku- and K-band frequencies. These devices are envisioned as a component in low-cost steerable beam phased array antennas. Comparisons are made between devices with differing film thickness, annealed vs. unannealed, Mn-doped vs. undoped, and also substrates of LaAlO/sub 3/ and MgO.
Multimodal Solution for a Waveguide Radiating Into Multilayered Structures&#x2014;Dielectric Property and Thickness Evaluation (2009)

Open-ended rectangular waveguides are widely used for microwave and millimeter-wave nondestructive testing (NDT) applications, such as detecting disbond and delamination in multilayered composite structures, thickness evaluation of dielectric sheets and coatings on metal substrates, etc. When inspecting a complex multilayered composite structure that is made of generally lossy dielectric layers with arbitrary thicknesses and backing, the dielectric properties of a particular layer may be of particular interest (e.g., radome inspection). The same is also true when one is interested in the thickness, or, more importantly, thickness variation, of a particular layer within such complex structures. An essential tool for closely estimating the complex permittivity and/or thickness is an accurate forward electromagnetic model for simulating the reflection coefficient at the aperture of the probing open-ended waveguide. To this end, this paper provides a full-wave accurate forward model for calculating the reflection coefficient from a generally lossy multilayered composite structure possessing an arbitrary number of layers and respective thicknesses while accounting for the influence of higher order modes. This model is subsequently validated through comparisons with a commercial numerical tool and actual measurements. Furthermore, a measurement model is provided, which results in an iterative inverse technique for estimating the complex permittivity and thickness of a dielectric layer. Subsequently, this technique is applied to the measured reflection coefficients of several structures. To evaluate the accuracy of this technique, an analysis on its sensitivity to various sources of errors, and, most importantly, the effect of a finite flange size, is also demonstrated by using the simulated data. Finally, the potential of this model to accurately estimate the thickness of an individual layer, which represents a thin disbond, in a multilayered composite structure is presented.
The chemistry of tea flavonoids (1997)

(1997). The chemistry of tea flavonoids. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition: Vol. 37, Tea and Health, pp. 693-704.
Multi-stage structure-based virtual screening approach towards identification of potential SARS-CoV-2 NSP13 helicase inhibitors (2022)

On account of its crucial role in the virus life cycle, SARS-COV-2 NSP13 helicase enzyme was exploited as a promising target to identify a novel potential inhibitor using multi-stage structure-based drug discovery approaches. Firstly, a 3D pharmacophore was generated based on the collected data from a protein-ligand interaction fingerprint (PLIF) study using key interactions between co-crystallised fragments and the NSP13 helicase active site. The ZINC database was screened through the generated 3D-pharmacophore retrieving 13 potential hits. All the retrieved hits exceeded the benchmark score of the co-crystallised fragments at the molecular docking step and the best five-hit compounds were selected for further analysis. Finally, a combination between molecular dynamics simulations and MM-PBSA based binding free energy calculations was conducted on the best hit (compound <b>FWM-1</b>) bound to NSP13 helicase enzyme, which identified <b>FWM-1</b> as a potential potent NSP13 helicase inhibitor with binding free energy equals -328.6 ± 9.2 kcal/mol.
Normal brain perfusion pattern of technetium-99m-ethylcysteinate dimer in children. (1997)

Technetium-99m-ECD is a safe agent for children and should be the radiopharmaceutical of choice for brain perfusion studies because of favorable radiation dosimetry and stability. The age dependence of perfusion necessitates a database comparison before concluding that the observed perfusion pattern is normal.
Estimation of the amniotic fluid volume using the Cavalieri method on ultrasound images (2003)

Design-based and efficient estimation of AFV is possible with the combination of consecutive ultrasound images and the Cavalieri method.
Task allocation for crowdsourcing using AI planning (2016)

Crowdsourcing is a relatively new phenomenon in computer science and software engineering. In crowdsourcing a task is delivered to a crowd of participants who will work on this task. Task allocation is then an important aspect in the context of crowdsourcing. If done properly, it delivers successful results based on the answers provided by the crowd. However, task allocation in crowdsourcing is not a trivial problem. Factors like a task's requirements, the knowledge required for its resolution, and the size and heterogeneity of the participants in the crowd all impact task allocation, and therefore, the expected quality of the task results. In this case, the execution of actions from a plan, which assist the dynamic tasks' allocation in crowdsourcing systems, become relevant as an alternative solution. This paper formalizes task allocation in crowdsourcing scenarios as an artificial intelligence planning problem. Our results suggest that task allocation has several challenges when it is observed in distributed, undefined and dynamic environments, like in crowdsourcing scenarios. Our goal is to evaluate if automated planning is appropriate for providing a plan to match skills of crowd workers for the right tasks in software engineering projects. Preliminary results are presented in this paper.
Highly active and stable catalysts based on nanotubes and modified platinum for fuel cells (2016)

Results on the development of new cathodic catalysts (monoplatinum and cobalt-modified platinum) applied on carbon nanotubes are shown. By means of a complex of electrochemical and structural techniques, it is shown that as regards their activity under model conditions and within membrane-electrode assembles, the catalysts synthesized by the polyol method are close to commercial monoplatinum systems with the same mass content of platinum (20 wt %) and their corrosion stability is double that of commercial catalysts. Platinum modified with cobalt is characterized by still higher stability, which allows considering these catalytic systems as the candidates to be used in fuel cells after the corresponding optimization.
AUTOMATIC CYLINDER SPEED CONTROL FOR COMBINES. (1978)

ABSTRACT AN automatic feedback-control system was developed to adjust the combine threshing-cylinder speed bas-ed on a continuous-flow measurement of soybean moisture. Data are presented on the results of laboratory tests of the moisture sensor and the complete control system. Data are presented on variations in soybean moisture content caused by both time of day and soybean location in the field. Moisture-content variations were influenced more by different harvest times than by different posi-tions within the field. The moisture-sensor accuracy was affected by changes in the mass flow rate of grain. Control-system stability was dependent on speed of the adjustment motor.
Distributed Sensitivity Analysis of Flood Inundation Model Calibration (2005)

Uncertainties in hydrodynamic model calibration and boundary conditions can have a significant influence on flood inundation predictions. Uncertainty analysis involves quantification of these uncertainties and their propagation through to inundation predictions. In this paper the inverse problem of sensitivity analysis is tackled, in order to diagnose the influence that model input variables, together and in combination, have on the uncertainty in the inundation model prediction. Variance-based global sensitivity analysis is applied to simulation of a flood on a reach of the River Thames (United Kingdom) for which a synthetic aperture radar image of the extent of flooding was available for model validation. The sensitivity analysis using the method of Sobol’ quantifies the significant influence of variance in the Manning channel roughness coefficient in raster-based flood inundation model predictions of flood outline and flood depth. The spatial influence of the Manning channel roughness coefficient is analyzed by dividing the channel into subreaches and calculating variance-based sensitivity indices for each subreach. Replicated Latin hypercube sampling is used for sensitivity analysis with correlated input variables. The methodology identifies subreaches of channel that have the most influence on variance in the model predictions, demonstrating how far boundary effects propagate into the model and indicating where further data acquisition and nested higher-resolution model studies should be targeted.
Applications of Ruthenium Hydride Borohydride Complexes Containing Phosphinite and Diamine Ligands to Asymmetric Catalytic Reactions (2005)

[reaction: see text] A series of novel trans-ruthenium hydride borohydride complexes with chiral phosphinite and diamine ligands were synthesized. They can be used in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aryl ketones, including base-sensitive ones, to give chiral alcohols in moderate to good enantioselectivities (up to 94% ee). They are also efficient catalysts for the Michael addition of malonates to enones with enantioselectivities of up to 90%. This kind of catalyst allows a one-pot tandem Michael addition/H(2) hydrogenation protocol to build structures with multiple chiral centers.
Closed-form Molecular Mechanics Formulations for the 3D Local Buckling and 2D Effective Young’s Modulus of the Nanosheets (2015)

A closed form three-dimensional solution is presented for determination of the local buckling (cell buckling) load of the nanosheets. Moreover, an expression is proposed for the effective 2D Young’s modulus of the unit cell of the nanosheet. In this regard, a three-dimensional efficient space-frame-like geometrical model with angular and extensional compliances is considered to investigate stability and effective Young’s modulus of the nanosheet in terms of the generally possible relative movements of the atoms of the unit cell, in the Cartesian coordinates. The molecular dynamics approach is employed in development of the formulation, taking into account the force constants and bond characteristics. The governing equations are derived based on the principle of minimum total potential energy. Results of the special cases of each of the proposed expressions are verified by the results available in literature or results of the traditional approaches. Comparisons are made with various buckling results reported for different nanosheets, based on different approaches of determination of the stiffness parameters, and a good agreement is noticed.
Image tamper detection and classification using support vector machines (2004)

The use of robust watermarks for attack characterisation is an area of considerable potential which has been largely overlooked to date. The authors extend their earlier work on accurate attack characterisation using a double watermarking technique to include a larger library of attacks. It is shown that the complexity of the double watermarking technique can be reduced with only a very small performance penalty. A further reduction in the algorithm complexity can be achieved by removing the thresholding process from the watermark estimation procedure. Analysis of the nature and location of the characterisation errors for the above methods is also presented.
Elastin fragments drive disease progression in a murine model of emphysema (2006)

Mice lacking macrophage elastase (matrix metalloproteinase-12, or MMP-12) were previously shown to be protected from the development of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema and from the accumulation of lung macrophages normally induced by chronic exposure to cigarette smoke. To determine the basis for macrophage accumulation in experimental emphysema, we now show that bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from WT smoke-exposed animals contained chemotactic activity for monocytes in vitro that was absent in lavage fluid from macrophage elastase-deficient mice. Fractionation of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid demonstrated the presence of elastin fragments only in the fractions containing chemotactic activity. An mAb against elastin fragments eliminated both the in vitro chemotactic activity and cigarette smoke-induced monocyte recruitment to the lung in vivo. Porcine pancreatic elastase was used to recruit monocytes to the lung and to generate emphysema. Elastin fragment antagonism in this model abrogated both macrophage accumulation and airspace enlargement.
Broadband fractal acoustic metamaterials for low-frequency sound attenuation (2016)

We fabricate and experimentally characterize a broadband fractal acoustic metamaterial that can serve to attenuate the low-frequency sounds at selective frequencies ranging from 225 to 1175 Hz. The proposed metamaterials are constructed by the periodic Hilbert fractal elements made of photosensitive resin via 3D printing. In analogy to electromagnetic fractal structures, it is shown that multiple resonances can also be excited in the acoustic counterpart due to their self-similar properties, which help to attenuate the acoustic energy in a wide spectrum. The confinement of sound waves in such subwavelength element is evidenced by both numerical and experimental results. The proposed metamaterial may provide possible alternative for various applications such as the noise attenuation and the anechoic materials.
Fast on-line integer multiplication (1973)

A Turing machine multiplies on-line if it receives its inputs low order digits first and it produces the k-th output digit before reading in the (k+1)-st inputs. We present a general method for converting any off-line multiplication algorithm which forms the product of two n-bit binary numbers in time F(n) into an on-line method, and the new algorithm requires time only 0(F(n) log n). Applying this technique to the fast multiplication algorithm of Schonhage and Strassen gives an upper bound of 0(n (log n)2 log log n) for on-line multiplication of integers. Other applications are to the on-line problems of products of polynomials over a finite ring, recognition of palindromes, and multiplication by a constant.
Endocrine support in the critically ill * (2002)

Department of Intensive Care Erasme Hospital Free University of Belgium Brussles, Belgium *See also p. 497.
Laser-Induced Chorioretinal Venous Anastomosis for Treatment of Nonischemic Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (1995)

Peripheral chorioretinal venous anastomoses can be created in a nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion and appear to be well tolerated. This technique may have some value in the treatment of patients with this condition; however, to address this fully, a properly constructed randomized prospective clinical trial will need to be performed.