gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neural Fuzzy Based Indoor Localization by Extending Kalman Filtering with Propagation Channel Modeling (2010)

Kalman Filter 328 probabilistic approach based indoor localization that uses the received signal strength indication as only sensor reading in the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), the estimation of location and orientation are computed by a Bayesian filter on the sample set derived using Monte-Carlo sampling. Subject to the power map obtained through the field measurements An artificial neural network based work with the supervised learning strategy to reduce the localization error caused by the interference, reflection and other unexpected interruption is presented in During the offline phase, RSSI and the corresponding location coordinates are adopted as the inputs and the targets for the training purpose. The input vector of signal strengths is multiplied by the trained input weight matrix. Thus the location of a mobile device is directly obtained by the outputs of the trained neural network without the detailed knowledge of the access point locations and the specific building characteristics. An indoor localization according to the Maximum Likelihood (ML) algorithm is applied to the measured reference radio map of RSSI In this research, a comprehensive study of the wireless indoor localization based on the three kinds of the propagation channel modeling is addressed. Due to the unpredictability of radio propagation such as the interference, reflection and multipath effects, the adaptive neural fuzzy inference system based on the supervised self-learning strategy is proposed to adapt the indoor environment and reduce the erroneous mapping of the physical distances from RSSI values. In addition, an alternative approach such as interpolation is offered to extend the capability of the propagation model for the small, median and large scale environment, which provides the possibility and the flexibility for the adaption of the indoor positioning. The presented techniques can be developed without any hardware factors of the access point and the knowledge of the test environment. Furthermore, a curve fitting based method is used to compare with the ANFIS and the interpolation. Finally, the extended Kalman filtering is used to perform the location estimation of the mobile terminal in the real indoor environment with 4 access points only. This chapter is organized as follows. Section 2 introduces the problem formulation for the WLAN indoor positioning and an overview of the proposed appraoch. Section 3 develops three kinds of the radio wave propagation channel models based on the curve fitting, interpolation and neural fuzzy based approach, respectively. Section 4 presents a position estimation computed by using the extended Kalman filtering with the basis of the distance estimates. Section 5 provides a description of the experimental evaluation of the proposed indoor positioning techniques and reports the results. Conclusion and the future work are given in Section 6.
Bandwidth Enhancement and Radiation Characteristics Improvement of Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna (2011)

Abstract-A simple, compact, wideband rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (RDRA) is presented. The bandwidth is enhanced using a proper tapered strip excitation from one side of the DR. The radiation characteristics are improved by adding a shorted narrow strip to the opposite side of the excitation. In addition, by using this shorted strip, further improvement of the bandwidth is obtained. A parametric study on the strip dimension is carried out. The proposed DRA with good radiation characteristics offers a measured bandwidth of 96% between 2.13 and 6.08 GHz for VSWR <; 2.
Key Strike Forces and Their Relation to High Level of Musculoskeletal Symptoms (2016)

The key strike force exerted while typing on a keyboard may be a risk factor for MSS, and should therefore be considered in ergonomic evaluations and interventional programs.
Induced dystrophin exon skipping in human muscle explants (2007)

Antisense oligonucleotide (AO) manipulation of pre-mRNA splicing of the dystrophin gene shows potential in overcoming Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)-causing mutations. AOs are used to alter dystrophin pre-mRNA splicing to reduce the consequences of nonsense or frame-shifting mutations that would otherwise prematurely terminate translation. We have developed a panel of AOs, targeting 77 out of 79 exons, to address mutations across the human dystrophin gene transcript that will restore the reading frame by either removing single or multiple exons. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that AOs could be used to induce exon skipping in human muscle. To date, this approach has been limited to studies using animal models or cultured monolayers of human muscle cells. We used different AO chemistries to induce exon skipping in human muscle explants, derived from normal and DMD human tissue, with great success. We propose that inducing exon skipping in human muscle explants is closer to in vivo conditions than cells in monolayer cultures, and that it is possible that explant studies may be used as a further tool to assist in the design of the AOs and evolution of different AO chemistries.
Convection-enhanced delivery of131I-chTNT-1/B mAB for treatment of high-grade adult gliomas (2011)

Novel agents and therapeutic modalities, such as (131)I-chTNT-1/B mAB, are of interest for treatment of malignant glioma, for which the prognosis continues to be dismal. (131)I-chTNT-1/B mAB targets tumor cells and radioisotope labeling allows radiation delivery to the tumor with sharp fall-off. Data from Phase I and II trials of CED delivery of (131)I-chTNT-1/B mAB shows it is well tolerated. Phase II trial data suggests it could be promising therapeutically, though conclusions about efficacy require further trials and clinical experience. The compound is currently in a Phase II trial for dose confirmation in patients with malignant gliomas.
Mitochondrial DNA m.13514G>A heteroplasmy is associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly (2018)

Objectives Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmy is a mixture of normal and mutated mtDNA molecules in a cell. High levels of heteroplasmy at several mtDNA sites in complex I lead to inherited neurological neurologic diseases and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities. Here, we test the hypothesis that mtDNA heteroplasmy at these complex I sites is associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly. Methods We examined platelet mtDNA heteroplasmy for associations with depressive symptoms among 137 participants over age 70 from the community‐based Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10‐point version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D 10). Complete mtDNA sequencing was performed and heteroplasmy derived for 5 mtDNA sites associated with neurologic mitochondrial diseases and tested for associations with depressive symptoms. Results Of 5 candidate complex I mtDNA mutations examined for effects on depressive symptoms, increased heteroplasmy at m.13514A&gt;G, ND5 , was significantly associated with higher CES‐D score ( P = .01). A statistically significant interaction between m.13514A &gt; G heteroplasmy and sex was detected ( P = .04); in sex‐stratified analyses, the impact of m.13514A&gt;G heteroplasmy was stronger in male ( P = .003) than in female ( P = .98) participants. Men in highest tertile of mtDNA heteroplasmy exhibited significantly higher ( P = .0001) mean ± SE CES‐D 10 scores, 5.37 ± 0.58, when compared with those in the middle, 2.13 ± 0.52, and lowest tertiles, 2.47 ± 0.58. No associations between the 4 other candidate sites and depressive symptoms were observed. Conclusions Increased mtDNA heteroplasmy at m.13514A&gt;G is associated with depressive symptoms in older men. Heteroplasmy may represent a novel biological risk factor for depression.
Malaria Eradication (2010)

A global campaign to eradicate malaria in the middle of the last century relied chiefly on two powerful tools, insecticide spraying of mosquitoes to interrupt transmission and chloroquine treatment to reduce the human reservoir of infection. While this effort, led by the World Health Organization, did succeed in eliminating malaria from some areas on the edges of the malaria map, it was abandoned as a failure after little more than a decade. The emergence of insecticideresistant Anopheles mosquitoes and drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasites, failure to understand and adapt to local differences in mosquito ecology and malaria epidemiology, and donor fatigue, all contributed to the demise of the campaign, which never included Africa, the region with by far the greatest malaria burden, then and now. In the ensuing decades, the focus shifted from eradication to control, and worldwide malaria deaths increased in the face of chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria and weak health care systems. The development and deployment of two new tools, long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and artemisinin-based combination drug treatments, have led to dramatic reductions in malaria in several countries, including some in Africa. Malaria has even been completely eliminated recently from some endemic areas with low levels of transmission and relatively good health infrastructure. These success stories have generated such optimism that Bill and Melinda Gates and other donors and, following their lead, malariologists, are talking again about eradication. To achieve a better outcome than the first campaign, malaria eradicators in the 21st century will need to learn and apply lessons from both past and recent failures and successes. If a renewed malaria eradication effort is started with the tools in hand now, it will be essential to keep the pipeline flowing with improved insecticides and drugs to replace those that succumb to resistance, as well as to develop new tools, including safe and effective drugs and vaccines that block malaria transmission. Prospects for malaria eradication may be jeopardized by the apparent recent emergence of artemisinin-resistant falciparum malaria in Southeast Asia. Abstracts for SupplementInternational Journal of Infectious DiseasesVol. 14Preview Full-Text PDF Open Archive
The Evolution of Centriole Degradation in Mouse Sperm (2023)

Abstract Centrioles are subcellular organelles found at the cilia base with an evolutionarily conserved structure and a shock absorber-like function. In sperm, centrioles are found at the flagellum base and are essential for embryo development in basal animals. Yet, sperm centrioles have evolved diverse forms, sometimes acting like a transmission system, as in cattle, and sometimes becoming dispensable, as in house mice. How the essential sperm centriole evolved to become dispensable in some organisms is unclear. Here, we test the hypothesis that this transition occurred through a cascade of evolutionary changes to the proteins, structure, and function of sperm centrioles and was possibly driven by sperm competition. We found that the final steps in this cascade are associated with a change in the primary structure of the centriolar luminal protein FAM161A in rodents. This information provides the first insight into the molecular mechanisms and adaptive evolution underlying a major evolutionary transition within the internal structure of the mammalian sperm neck. Graphical abstract Highlights – Barrel-shaped centrioles are present in all rodents except members of the Muridae taxonomical family. – The FAM161A sequence evolved selectively in rodents and specifically in a murid subgroup. – The evolution of centriole degradation is correlated with the expression of a novel FAM161A isoform. – The ancestral centriole remodeling program involves elongation followed by redistribution. – The mouse centriole degradation program involves elongation followed by elimination.
Identification of a minimal transforming domain of p53: negative dominance through abrogation of sequence-specific DNA binding. (1992)

Mutations in the p53 gene are most frequent in cancer. Many p53 mutants possess transforming activity in vitro. In cells transformed by such mutants, the mutant protein is oligomerized with endogenous cell p53. To determine the relevance of oligomerization for transformation, miniproteins containing C-terminal portions of p53 were generated. These miniproteins, although carrying no point mutation, transformed at least as efficiently as full-length mutant p53. Transforming activity was coupled with the ability to oligomerize with wild-type p53, as well as with the ability to abrogate sequence-specific DNA binding by coexpressed wild-type p53. These findings suggest that p53-mediated transformation may operate through a dominant negative mechanism, involving the generation of DNA binding-incompetent oligomers.
AXIS-AX 200 für die Behandlung des akuten ischämischen Schlaganfalls (2005)

Ax 200 (Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor, G-CSF) besitzt bei akuten zerebralen Insulten eine multimodale Wirkungsweise, die vor allem anti-excitatorische, anti-apoptotische, immun-modulatorische und pro-regenerative Effekte aufweist. Umfangreiche experimentelle Untersuchungen zeigen eine potente Wirksamkeit von Ax 200 (G-CSF) in einer Vielzahl experimenteller Schlaganfallmodelle. Infolge der bekannten guten Verträglichkeit der Substanz bei klinischer Anwendung in anderen Indikationen, stellt Ax 200 (G-CSF) somit den idealen Kandidaten für eine potentielle Behandlung beim Schlaganfall dar. Bei der hier vorzustellenden Studie, handelt es sich um eine randomisierte, placebo-kontrollierte, multizentrische Dosis-Eskalationsstudie (Phase IIa) von Ax 200 (G-CSF) für die Behandlung des akuten ischämischen Schlaganfalles. Es werden 42 Patienten in 4 Dosis-Gruppen in 6 teilnehmenden Zentren (Münster, Heidelberg, Düsseldorf, Hamburg,Leipzig, Dresden) randomisiert. Es handelt sich primär um eine Verträglichkeitsstudie. Als sekundärer Endpunkt wurde jedoch neben dem funktionell-neurologischen outcome die Entwicklung der Infarkt-Größe basierend auf MRT-Verlaufsuntersuchungen (Baseline, Tag 4 und 90) definiert. Die Patienten-Rekrutierung begann im Dezember 2004, wobei derzeit bereits 20% aller Patienten eingeschlossen wurden.
Reaction Modes and Mechanism in Indolizine Photooxygenation Reactions (2004)

Photooxygenations of 1,2-, 1,3-, and 2,3-di- and 1,2,3-trisubstituted indolizines 1a−1f under different reaction conditions in methanol and acetonitrile have been investigated to establish the general reaction pattern and mechanism in indolizine photooxygenation in view of the influence of the ring substituents and substitution pattern. Photooxygenations of 1-acyl-2-phenylindolizines 1a and 1b and 1,3-dibenzoyl-2-phenylindolizine (1d) are self-sensitized, while those of 1-(p-nitrobenzoyl)-2-phenylindolizine (1c) and 2-phenyl-3-(p-chlorobenzoyl)indolizine (1e) need to be sensitized by rose bengal (RB) or methylene blue (MB). These reactions proceed via a singlet oxygen mechanism yet follow different pathways in methanol and in acetonitrile, with peroxidic zwitterion D (in methanol) and dioxetane E across the indolizine C2−C3 bond (in acetonitrile) as the intervening intermediates. Methanol trapping of the peroxidic zwitterion results in C3−N bond cleavage and pyrrole ring opening to give the corresponding (E)- and (Z)-3-(2-pyridinyl)-3-benzoylpropenoic acid methyl esters (2 and 3) and 4-(2-pyridinyl)-3-phenyl-5-aryl-5-hydroxyfuran-2-one (4) as products in methanol, while O−O bond homolysis of the dioxetane furnishes 3-(2-pyridinyl)-3-benzoyl-2-phenyloxirane-2-carboxaldehyde (6) and 1-(6-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-2-phenylethanedione (5) as products in acetonitrile. 3-Benzoyl-1-indolizinecarboxylic acid methyl ester (1f) is unreactive toward singlet oxygen; however, it could be photooxygenated under electron transfer conditions with 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA) as a sensitizer. This reaction takes place by the combination of the indolizine cation radical with the superoxide anion radical (or molecular oxygen) to give the pyridine ring oxidized methyl 3-benzoyl-5-methoxy-8-hydroxy-1-indolizinecarboxylate (9f), dimethyl 2-(2-pyridinyl)fumarate (8f), and dimethyl 2-(2-pyridinyl)maleate (7f) as products.
Converting exo-Selective Diels−Alder Reaction to endo-Selective in Chloroloaluminate Ionic Liquids (2004)

The endo:exo ratio of 0.35:1 for the reaction of cyclopentadiene with methyl methacrylate observed in organic solvents can be converted to 3:1 in chloroaluminate ionic liquids with their effective reuse in Diels-Alder reactions.
Model Predictive Control Design: New Trends and Tools (2006)

Model-based design is well recognized in industry as a systematic approach to the development, evaluation, and implementation of feedback controllers. Model predictive control (MPC) is a particular branch of model-based design: a dynamical model of the open-loop process is explicitly used to construct an optimization problem aimed at achieving the prescribed system's performance under specified restrictions on input and output variables. The solution of the optimization problem provides the feedback control action, and can be either computed by embedding a numerical solver in the real-time control code, or pre-computed off-line and evaluated through a lookup table of linear feedback gains. This paper reviews the basic ideas of MPC design, from the traditional linear MPC setup based on quadratic programming to more a advanced explicit and hybrid MPC, and highlights available software tools for the design, evaluation, code generation, and deployment of MPC controllers in real-time hardware platforms
The introduction of a base component to porous organic salts and their CO2 storage capability (2023)

The introduction of a base component to porous organic salts allows them to have CO 2 storage capability.
Novel Stabilization Mechanism on Polar Surfaces: ZnO(0001)-Zn (2003)

The (1x1) terminated (0001)-Zn surface of wurtzite ZnO was investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy. The surface is characterized by the presence of nanosized islands with a size-dependent shape and triangular holes with single-height, O-terminated step edges. It is proposed that the resulting overall decrease of the surface Zn concentration stabilizes this polar surface. Ab initio calculations of test geometries predict triangularly shaped reconstructions over a wide range of oxygen and hydrogen chemical potentials. The formation of these reconstructions appears to be electrostatically driven.
Dilated and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mutations in Troponin and α-Tropomyosin Have Opposing Effects on the Calcium Affinity of Cardiac Thin Filaments (2007)

Dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can be caused by mutations in thin filament regulatory proteins of the contractile apparatus. In vitro functional assays show that, in general, the presence of dilated cardiomyopathy mutations decreases the Ca(2+) sensitivity of contractility, whereas HCM mutations increase it. To assess whether this functional phenomenon was a direct result of altered Ca(2+) affinity or was caused by altered troponin-tropomyosin switching, we assessed Ca(2+) binding of the regulatory site of cardiac troponin C in wild-type or mutant troponin complex and thin filaments using a fluorescent probe (2-[4'-{iodoacetamido}aniline]-naphthalene-6-sulfonate) attached to Cys35 of cardiac troponin C. The Ca(2+)-binding affinity (pCa(50)=6.57+/-0.03) of reconstituted troponin complex was unaffected by all of the HCM and dilated cardiomyopathy troponin mutants tested, with the exception of the troponin I Arg145Gly HCM mutation, which caused an increase (DeltapCa(50)=+0.31+/-0.05). However, when incorporated into regulated thin filaments, all but 1 of the 10 troponin and alpha-tropomyosin mutants altered Ca(2+)-binding affinity. Both HCM mutations increased Ca(2+) affinity (DeltapCa(50)=+0.41+/-0.02 and +0.51+/-0.01), whereas the dilated cardiomyopathy mutations decreased affinity (DeltapCa(50)=-0.12+/-0.04 to -0.54+/-0.04), which correlates with our previous functional in vitro assays. The exception was the troponin T Asp270Asn mutant, which caused a significant decrease in cooperativity. Because troponin is the major Ca(2+) buffer in the cardiomyocyte sarcoplasm, we suggest that Ca(2+) affinity changes caused by cardiomyopathy mutant proteins may directly affect the Ca(2+) transient and hence Ca(2+)-sensitive disease state remodeling pathways in vivo. This represents a novel mechanism for this class of mutation.
Synthesis of a Gene Coding for Vasoactive intestinal Peptide (VIP) (1985)

Abstract A solid phase phosphoramidite triester coupling approach was used for the synthesis of the 16 fragments of a gene coding for human/porcine VIP. The design, synthesis, purification, subcloning and sequencing of the gene will be described.
Hybrid Text Mining for Finding Abbreviations and their Definitions (2001)

We present a hybrid text mining method for finding abbreviations and their definitions in free format texts. To deal with the problem, this method employs pattern-based abbreviation rules in addition to text markers and cue words. The pattern-based rules describe how abbreviations are formed from definitions. Rules can be generated automatically and/or manually and can be augmented when the system processes new documents. The proposed method has the advantages of high accuracy, high flexibility, wide coverage, and fast recognition.
Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. (2003)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/12277/thumbnail.jpg
Amputations at the middle level of the foot. A retrospective and prospective review. (1986)

Recent trends in amputation surgery favor amputation at the most distal level to preserve the patient's ability to walk. This paper reports the results of sixty-four amputations performed at the level of the middle of the foot in fifty-eight patients. All were performed in patients with peripheral vascular disease who had a diagnosis of either gangrene or resistant, nonhealing ulcers. Forty-three patients (74 per cent) had diabetes. Nutritional evaluation of the patient was used to improve the potential for healing. In the initial forty-six patients, a retrospective review of the serum albumin level, the blood total-lymphocyte count, and the Doppler ischemic index was performed. A prospective study was performed in the final twelve patients, in whom a minimum level in each of these three factors was required before the distal amputation was done. The healing rate for all sixty-four amputations was 81 per cent. When all three factors were above the minimum level, the healing rate was increased to 92.2 per cent. When one or two of the factors was below the minimum level, the rate of healing decreased to 38.5 per cent. Aggressive distal amputation can be performed with a high rate of success when the factors influencing the decision on the amputation level include non-invasive vascular testing and nutritional evaluation.
Identification of Porphyromonas levii isolated from clinical cases of bovine interdigital necrobacillosis by 16S rRNA sequencing. (2009)

Laboratories use pigmentation, antibiotic susceptibility, and biochemical tests to identify anaerobic organisms that play a role in bovine interdigital necrobacillosis (bovine foot rot). In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to identify strains to the species level that were originally classified as Prevotella or Porphyromonas spp by conventional phenotype assessment methods. Of 264 qualified strains from ceftiofur clinical trials, 241 isolates were definitively identified by 16S rRNA sequencing as Porphyromonas levii. Similarly, of 275 qualified strains from tulathromycin clinical trials, 156 isolates were definitively identified by 16S rRNA sequencing as P. levii. The predominance of P. levii in this study supports the role of this organism as an associative agent of bovine foot rot and may have implications for routine laboratory diagnosis.