gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pelargonium sidoides extract EPs 7630 inhibits adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to human gastric mucosa (2006)

Pelargonium sidoides (DC.), belonging to the family of Geraniaceae, originates from the southern parts of Africa. In traditional medicine extracts from roots are used in diseases of the respiratory system and gastrointestinal complaints. Nowadays a root extract (Umckaloabo®) is used therapeutically as antimicrobial agent against infections of the respiratory system. In order to elucidate possible modes of actions we investigated the influence of the extract EPs7630 concerning its influence on microbial adhesion. As model microorganism Helicobacter pylori was used, a germ with a strong adherence to human stomach tissue via its highly specific surface adhesions. In an in-situ anti-adhesion assay intact human stomach tissue from patient resectates was incubated with fluorescent-labelled bacteria. Epithelial adhesion occurred in untreated samples and was quantified by fluorescent microscopy. Pre-treatment of the bacteria with EPs 7630 showed good anti-adhesive activity, being less than that obtained by the positive control blocker sialyllactose. The antiadhesive effect was clearly dose-dependent in a range from 0.001 to 10mg/mL. Using an agar diffusion-test it was shown that EPs7630 had no direct cytotoxicity against Helicobacter pylori over the concentration range used in the adhesion assays. The results show that the extract from Pelargonium sidoides is a potent anti-adhesive agent against Helicobacter pylori and could therefore be a useful choice to avoid the first step of a bacterial infection.
Adsorção como um processo complementar à Hidrodessulfurização na redução da emissão de SOx pela queima de óleo diesel (2017)

A remoção de compostos de enxofre do diesel através da adsorção em carvão ativado foi investigada, bem como a possibilidade de regeneração aplicando-se a técnica de lavagem por solvente. A adsorção realizada em batelada com diesel sintético e comercial mostrou que é possível remover grande parte do enxofre presente, reduzindo 73% da concentração de enxofre do diesel sintético e 44% do diesel comercial. Em leito fixo foi possível atingir 77% de remoção de enxofre. Além disso, 54,8% da capacidade adsortiva foi restaurada após a lavagem do carvão ativado empregando-se etanol, mostrando que a adsorção de compostos sulfurados como etapa complementar à Hidrodessulfurização é uma técnica promissora a qual merece destaque na obtenção de níveis reduzidos de sulfurados no diesel comercial.
3-dimensional object reconstruction from frequency diverse rf systems (2004)

Conventional phased arrays operate on narrow bandwidth principles to achieve resolution in imaging of buildings and other objects of interest. Unfortunately, such narrow bandwidth methods to not allow sufficient resolution to reconstruct objects of interest in 3 dimensions at low frequencies and with small apertures. We propose a method that is computationally efficient and allows dynamic use of spectrum to achieve high resolution 3 dimensional reconstruction of objects from small or distributed apertures. This method also allows available spectrum bands to be used on a non-interference basis.
The Texturometer—A New Instrument for Objective Texture Measurement (1963)

SUMMARY A new recording instrument, the “texturometer,” gave good correlation between instrumental values and subjective evaluation by a trained texture profile panel. It was applied to measurement of the mechanical textural parameters: hardness, cohesiveness, viscosity, elasticity, adhesiveness, brittleness, chewiness, and gumminess. Subjective definitions of these parameters are interpreted in terms of physical measurement characterized by the texture “profile.” Examples of representative profiles are included.
On-line flicker measurement of gaseous flames by image processing and spectral analysis (1999)

The flicker of a flame is an important physical parameter associated with the characteristics of a combustion process. This paper presents a novel instrumentation system developed for on-line continuous flicker measurements of combustion flames. The system comprises a high-speed CCD camera, a frame grabber and associated image processing software. The flicker signal was obtained by processing the radiation intensity of individual pixels within the luminous region of a flame image. Power spectral density analysis was performed to obtain the frequency components of the flicker signal. The quantitative flicker of a flame is defined in terms of weighted spectral components in the frequency domain and this definition has been proven to be well suited to quantification of the flickering characteristics of a flame. A tungsten lamp driven by a frequency-varying power supply was employed to calibrate the measurement system. The calibration results show that the system is capable of measung the flicker of an unknown light source with a relative error no greater than 3% . The system developed has been utilized to investigate the relationship between the flicker of a diffusion flame and the burner diameter, and to study the effect of the equivalence ratio on the flicker of a premixed flame under a range of combustion conditions. The experimental results obtained by both motion image analysis and spectral analysis have demonstrated that the flicker of a diffusion flame depends predominantly on the burner diameter. It has also been found that the flicker of a premixed flame varies with the equivalence ratio and a peak flicker exists for a given air flow rate.
Novel twelve-generation kindred of fatal familial insomnia from Germany representing the entire spectrum of disease expression (1999)

We present a novel large German kindred of fatal familial insomnia (FFI) consisting of three branches and comprising more than 800 individuals of 12 generations, the largest pedigree of any familial prion disease known today. There is a wide spectrum of clinical presentations leading to misdiagnoses of Olivo-Ponto-Cerebellar Atrophy (OPCA), Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease in addition to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) syndrome. Molecular genetic analysis of the prion protein gene (PRNP) confirmed the mutation D178N segregating with methionine at the polymorphic codon 129 of PRNP in all 7 patients examined. This polymorphism at codon 129 is supposed to discriminate between familial CJD (fCJD) and FFI; the 129M allele determines FFI and 129V fCJD. Furthermore, heterozygosity at this site appears to induce prolonged disease duration as compared to the homozygous condition. The variability of the clinical and pathological findings documented for our patients indicates the difficulty in establishing the diagnosis of FFI on clinical and on pathological grounds alone. In three cases (IX-97, XI-21, V-2) followed up by us prospectively insomnia was an early and severe symptom; however, in case notes analyzed retrospectively this symptom was frequently missed. In contrast to previous reports and in agreement with recent studies we cannot confirm a clear relationship between the status of the M/V polymorphism at codon 129 and the age-of-onset of this disease.
Rac1 Activation in Podocytes Induces Rapid Foot Process Effacement and Proteinuria (2013)

The kidney's vital filtration function depends on the structural integrity of the glomerulus, the proximal portion of the nephron. Within the glomerulus, the architecturally complex podocyte forms the final cellular barrier to filtration. Injury to the podocyte results in a morphological change called foot process effacement, which is a ubiquitous feature of proteinuric diseases. The exact mechanism underlying foot process effacement is not known, but recently it has been proposed that this change might reflect activation of the Rac1 GTPase. To test this hypothesis, we generated a podocyte-specific, inducible transgenic mouse line that expressed constitutively active Rac1. When the Rac1 transgene was induced, we observed a rapid onset of proteinuria with focal foot process effacement. Using superresolution imaging, we verified that the induced transgene was expressed in damaged podocytes with altered foot process morphology. This work sheds new light on the complex balance of Rho GTPase signaling that is required for proper regulation of the podocyte cytoskeleton.
Quantitative measurement of binocular color fusion limit for non-spectral colors (2011)

Human perception becomes difficult in the event of binocular color fusion when the color difference presented for the left and right eyes exceeds a certain threshold value, known as the binocular color fusion limit. This paper discusses the binocular color fusion limit for non-spectral colors within the color gamut of a conventional LCD 3DTV. We performed experiments to measure the color fusion limit for eight chromaticity points sampled from the CIE 1976 chromaticity diagram. A total of 2480 trials were recorded for a single observer. By analyzing the results, the color fusion limit was quantified by ellipses in the chromaticity diagram. The semi-minor axis of the ellipses ranges from 0.0415 to 0.0923 in terms of the Euclidean distance in the u'v´ chromaticity diagram and the semi-major axis ranges from 0.0640 to 0.1560. These eight ellipses are drawn on the chromaticity diagram.
Research progress of clincal translation on signal pathway and relevant drugs in tumor angiogenesis (2014)

Angiogenesis plays an important role in almost all aspects of tumor biology, including the occurrence, proliferation, progression and metastasis. Accordingly, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis through targeting key molecules in the signal pathways involved in angiogenesis has become a subject of extensive and intensive research in the field of anti-tumor drug development. Amongst these molecules are VEGF/VEGFR, Angiopoietin(Ang)/Tie, platelet derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, Delta-like Ligand (DLL4)/Notch, transforming growth factor β, hepatocyte growth factor, and endothelin. A few drugs, such as bevacizumab, sorafinib and sunitinib, targeting angiogenic molecules have been approved by FDA and their clinical use has generated satisfactory results in treating colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma, non small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and gastrointestinal stroma tumor; dozens of unapproved drugs in this class are under evaluation in clinical trials. This article aims to review recent advances in both bench-top and translational research on essential signal pathways involved in tumor angiogenesis.
A Century of Anaerobes: A Look Backward and a Call to Arms (1993)

It has been a hundred years since the role of anaerobic bacteria and, especially, non-spore-forming anaerobes in infections began to be appreciated. Accordingly, it is of interest to review the history of anaerobes and anaerobic infections. The waxing and waning of interest on the part of clinicians and microbiologists over this period is noteworthy and suggests that we need to avoid complacence lest we lose much of what has been gained over the years. In this review I discuss a number of milestones marking our progress in this field and consider some areas of concern.
Acute reconstruction results in less sick-leave days and as such fewer indirect costs to the individual and society compared to delayed reconstruction for ACL injuries (2019)

II.
The synthesis of substituted 8‐quinolinols (1966)

Abstract 2‐Isopropyl‐8‐quinolinol was prepared by alkylation of 8‐methoxyquinoline followed by demethylation. The 7‐isopropyl‐8‐quinolinol was prepared in three steps from o ‐isopropylphenol. The reaction of 5‐chloromethyl‐8‐quinolinol hydrochloride with alcohols, amines, ethylene glycols and ether‐alcohols gave the corresponding 5‐substituted derivatives of 8‐quinolinol.
Convulsions in 2 Patients After Bilateral Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Blocks for Cesarean Analgesia (2014)

<h3>Objective</h3> Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is commonly used for postcesarean section analgesia and compares favorably with other systemic and regional analgesia techniques. No major complications of ultrasound-guided TAP block have previously been reported in this indication. We report 2 cases of systemic local anesthetic toxicity in this context leading to seizures and treated with lipid emulsion. <h3>Case Report</h3> The first event occurred 10 minutes after ultrasound-guided bilateral injections, each consisting of 20 mL of levobupivacaine 3.75 mg/mL. Two episodes of tonic-clonic seizure required resuscitation measures and 200 mL of lipid emulsion. The second case 25 minutes after a 20-mL bilateral injection of ropivacaine 7.5 mg/mL. One generalized tonic-clonic seizure required bag-mask ventilation and 250 mL of lipid emulsion. In both cases, patients were successfully treated and fully recovered. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These cases cast a cautionary note for the use of TAP blocks after cesarean delivery. The risk of systemic local anesthetic toxicity after this procedure remains unknown in this population and plasma concentration of local anesthetics should be measured in case of suspected toxicity. To limit this risk, a low concentration of local anesthetic solution should be chosen when a “20 mL bilaterally” regimen is necessary to achieve the required spread for a successful block.
Reconstruction of undersampled 3D non‐Cartesian image‐based navigators for coronary MRA using an unrolled deep learning model (2020)

We have developed a deep neural network architecture to reconstruct undersampled 3D non-Cartesian VD cones iNAVs. Our approach decreases reconstruction time for 3D iNAVs, while preserving the accuracy of nonrigid motion information offered by them for correction.
Movement‐Induced Knot Migration After Anterior Stabilization in the Shoulder (2013)

Movement-induced knot migration may be detrimental to articular cartilage in the event that a knot becomes interposed between the glenoid and humeral head.
Zwitterionic Dipicolinic Acid-Based Tracers for Reservoir Surveillance Application (2021)

Chemical tracing within oil reservoirs enables the determination of fluid allocation and interwell flow characteristics for improving injection fluid sweep efficiency and reservoir management, and thus novel instrument-readable, independently distinguishable tracers with ultralow sensitivity and detectability are highly desired. We present a series of dipicolinic acid (DPA)-based molecules as a new class of water tracers for reservoir surveillance applications, demonstrating the design and synthesis of three novel DPA-based molecules confirmed and characterized via NMR and mass spectroscopy. Further installation of zwitterionic functional groups onto the structure of these DPA-based tracer candidates leads to marked reductions in their dynamic rock retention, as demonstrated via core flooding experiments. From an optical detection standpoint, all synthesized DPA derivatives exhibit strong chelation with rare earth ions such as terbium (Tb3+) and emit long-lived fluorescence characteristic of lanthanide chelates, making them detectable using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy down to the parts-per-trillion (ppt) level. The time-resolution component is critical for their application as water tracers in reservoir fluids, enabling bypassing of background fluorescence from crude oil and other interferents present in brine. Results show that the stepwise derivatization of native DPA and its analogues generates a suite of molecular structures that can be effectively separated and identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Studies on long-term thermal stability at 100 °C and orthogonal detection by optical and chromatographic methods have demonstrated that the newly developed DPA-based ligands described herein have great potential to serve as highly traceable interwell oilfield tracers.
Controlled synthesis of highly-branched plasmonic gold nanoparticles through peptoid engineering (2018)

In nature, specific biomolecules interacting with mineral precursors are responsible for the precise production of nanostructured inorganic materials that exhibit complex morphologies and superior performance. Despite advances in developing biomimetic approaches, the design rules for creating sequence-defined molecules that lead to the synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials with predictable complex morphologies are unknown. Herein we report the design of sequence-defined peptoids for controlled synthesis of highly branched plasmonic gold particles. By engineering peptoid sequences and investigating the resulting particle formation mechanisms, we develop a rule of thumb for designing peptoids that predictively enabled the morphological evolution from spherical to coral-shaped nanoparticles. Through a combination of hyperspectral UV-Vis extinction microscopy and three-photon photoemission electron microscopy, we demonstrate that the individual coral-shaped gold nanoparticles exhibit a plasmonic enhancement as high as 10<sup>5</sup>-fold. This research significantly advances our ultimate vision of predictive bio-inspired materials synthesis using sequence-defined synthetic molecules that mimic proteins and peptides.
Drop-Downs of an Outer Rotor Flywheel in Different Planetary Touch-Down Bearing Designs (2022)

With an increase in renewable energy in the electricity grid, more storage capacity for grid stabilization and energy flexibilization is necessary. Dynamic grid stabilization is one possible application for flywheels. To increase the energy density of flywheels, they can be built as highly integrated outer rotor systems. The losses of the flywheel are reduced by magnetic levitation and operation under vacuum conditions. In the case of the failure or overload of the active magnetic bearings, the system needs touch-down bearings to prevent system destruction. Planetary touch-down bearings consisting of several small bearing units circumferentially distributed around the stator are especially suited for these systems. In the literature, these planetary touch-down bearings are rarely investigated, especially the number of bearing units. Therefore, this paper investigates the influence of the number of touch-down bearing elements in simulations and experiments for an 8-element and a 6-element touch-down bearing arrangement. For the investigation, drop-downs at four different speeds were performed. Simulation and experimental results showed that, for the 6-element touch-down bearing, in contrast to the 8-element touch-down bearing, maximal velocity did not increase with the drop-down speed. Therefore, the touch-down bearing arrangement with fewer elements is preferrable.
Reaction of 1,2‐diarylethylamides with ethyl polyphosphate (Epp): Correlation of the von braun, ritter and bischler‐napieralski reactions (1989)

Abstract The Bischler‐Napieralski cyclization of the 1,2‐diaryiethylamides in a “one‐pot” process using ethyl poly‐phosphate as the reagent only yields the dihydroisoquinolines in certain cases. The trans ‐stilbenes and in‐danes are obtained as neutral products and sometimes as sole products. Results clearly indicate the effect of aryl group substitution on the course of the reaction and the relationship between the Bischler‐Napieralski and Ritter reactions.
Production and separation of 43Sc for radiopharmaceutical purposes (2017)

It was determined that higher <sup>43</sup>Sc activities were accessible <i>via</i> the <sup>43</sup>Ca production route, with a comparatively less complex target preparation and separation procedure. The product isolated from irradiated <sup>46</sup>Ti, however, revealed purer <sup>43</sup>Sc with minor radionuclidic impurities. Based on the results obtained herein, the <sup>43</sup>Ca route features some advantages (such as higher yields and direct usage of the purchased target material) over the <sup>46</sup>Ti path when aiming at <sup>43</sup>Sc production on a routine basis.
A novel bis-triazole scaffold accessed via two tandem [3 + 2] cycloaddition events including an uncatalyzed, room temperature azide–alkyne click reaction (2022)

The previously described α-acetyl-α-diazomethanesulfonamide was employed in a three-component reaction with azide-containing benzaldehydes and propargylamines. Besides the initial formation of the triazole core, the reaction proceeded further, in uncatalyzed fashion at room temperature and yielded, after intramolecular azide-alkyne click reaction novel, structurally intriguing bistriazoles.
Interpreting Graph-based Sybil Detection Methods as Low-Pass Filtering (2022)

Online social networks (OSNs) are threatened by Sybil attacks, which create fake accounts (also called Sybils) on OSNs and use them for various malicious activities. Therefore, Sybil detection is a fundamental task for OSN security. Most existing Sybil detection methods are based on the graph structure of OSNs, and various methods have been proposed recently. However, although almost all methods have been compared experimentally in terms of detection performance and noise robustness, theoretical understanding of them is still lacking. In this study, we show that existing graph-based Sybil detection methods can be interpreted in a unified framework of low-pass filtering. This framework enables us to theoretically compare and analyze each method from two perspectives: filter kernel properties and the spectrum of shift matrices. Our analysis reveals that the detection performance of each method depends on how well low-pass filtering can extract low frequency components and remove noisy high frequency components. Furthermore, on the basis of the analysis, we propose a novel Sybil detection method called SybilHeat. Numerical experiments on synthetic graphs and real social networks demonstrate that SybilHeat performs consistently well on graphs with various structural properties. This study lays a theoretical foundation for graph-based Sybil detection and leads to a better understanding of Sybil detection methods.
Effects of Crystal Orientation on the Stability of Cu Ultra-Fine-Wire Structure (2008)

Cu is now commonly used for wires in LSI because of high conductivity and EM resistance. However, voids are frequently produced at the bottom of the Cu wire during heat treatment process and wire breaking occurs. To clarify the origin of the defect production process at the atomistic level, we have performed molecular dynamics simulation. The focus of the present study is how the difference of crystal orientation affects on the stability of Cu ultra-fine-wire structure. Cu atoms with fcc structure were placed in the wire form surrounded by rigid Ti walls. Three different orientations of Cu wire were examined: (111) stacked on the bottom, on the side wall and parallel to the wiring direction. The isothermal annealing was at 300-900 K and the compression strain of the buried wire was 0-4%. It was found that the wire structure with (111) stacked parallel to the front of the drain is most unstable. Therefore the controlling crystal orientation is shown to be one of the key technologies for the next generation wiring process.