gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti‐dipsotropic isoflavones: The potential therapeutic agents for alcohol dependence (2003)

Daidzin is the active principle of Radix puerariae (RP), an herbal remedy that has been used apparently safely and effectively for the treatment of "alcohol addiction" in China for more than a millennium. It has been shown to reduce alcohol consumption in all animal models tested to date. A link between daidzin's capacity to reduce alcohol consumption and its ability to increase liver mitochondrial monoamine oxidase (MAO): aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) activity ratio has been established. Daidzin analogs that potently inhibit ALDH-2 but not MAO are the most anti-dipsotropic, whereas those that also inhibit MAO are not. On the basis of these findings, it was proposed that the liver mitochondrial MAO-ALDH-2 pathway is the primary site of action of daidzin and that a biogenic aldehyde derived from the action of MAO mediates its anti-dipsotropic action. Therefore, to design and synthesize more potent anti-dipsotropic analogs, structural features that would enhance ALDH-2 inhibition and/or decrease MAO inhibition needed to be evaluated. Structure-activity-relationship (SAR) studies have revealed that a sufficient set of criteria for a potent anti-dipsotropic analog is an isoflavone with a free 4'-OH function and a straight-chain alkyl at the 7 position that has a terminal polar function such as -OH, -COOH, or -NH2. The preferable chain lengths for the 7-O-omega-carboxy, 7-O-omega-hydroxy, and 7-O-omega-amino substituents are 5 < or = n < or = 10, 2 < or = n < or = 6, and n > or = 4, respectively. Analogs that meet these criteria have increased potency for ALDH-2 inhibition and/or decreased potency for MAO inhibition and are, therefore, likely to be potent anti-dipsotropic agents.
On Sensor Networking and Signal Processing for Smart and Safe Buildings (2006)

The monitoring and control of indoor environments has become an increasingly important concern, with multiple objectives including maximizing the comfort and minimizing health risks of occupants, in everyday operating conditions as well as emergency situations. The deployment of many networked sensors, equipped with reasoning and communicating abilities, can significantly contribute towards these objectives. This chapter discusses a framework for sensor networking in smart and safe buildings, and considers various issues relevant in the development of such networks and effective use of the information obtained by sensors in these networks. A hierarchical decision model is envisaged spanning multiple reasoning levels. Examples of control and response planning applications are discussed.
An evaluation of the emerging vaccines and immunotherapy against staphylococcal pneumonia in children (2011)

In order to provide an effective vaccine against S. aureus, a number of unresolved issues in vaccine development relating to optimal antigenic target identification, criteria for acceptable efficacy, identification of target population, commercial development limitations, optimal timing of immunization strategy, storage, cold chain requirements and cost need to be addressed properly. There is still a great deal unknown about the complex interaction between S. aureus and the human host. However, given the nature of S. aureus and the lessons learned from the recent failure of two emerging vaccines, it is clear that a multi-component vaccine is essential. Combating only one virulence factor is not sufficient in the human host but finding the right combination of factors will be very challenging.
Détection de Signatures Temps-Fréquence sur des Crises d'Epilepsie (1997)

In the field of epilepsy, the analysis of stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) signals provides major information on interactions between brain structures during seizures. This paper presents an application of time-frequency analysis on SEEG signals in order to study the variability of time-frequency patterns in different channels and different seizures of a patient. This problem stands as a detection problem of the patterns similar to a reference one. Some statistics based on time-frequency information of the reference pattern and of the observation signal are presented and their performances are compared. The results show that the smoothing of the time-frequency representations, especially that of signal dependent time-frequency representation, allows to detect similar patterns.
Optical detection of surface plasmons on tunnel-junction structures (1987)

The surface-plasmon-polariton mode at the Ag-air interface of typical Al-alumina-Ag tunnel junctions and of novel Ag-Al-alumina-Ag tunnel junctions is excited in an attenuated-total-reflection arrangement. It is found that the photon-SPP coupling efficiency is determined principally by the amount of Al in the base electrode. The use of an extremely thin ( approximately 5 nm) Al base electrode or a base electrode ( approximately 20 nm thick) composed largely of Ag can lead to coupling efficiencies of up to 100%. These results indicate that the efficiency of light emission from prism-coupled tunnel junctions could possibly be increased by an order of magnitude over that previously observed. In addition, the fitting of theoretical curves to the experimental spectra affords a most useful characterisation, in terms of values for the dielectric function and thickness, of the thin films comprising the tunnel-junction structures. In particular the thickness of the alumina tunnel barrier in Al-alumina-Ag junctions is found to be approximately 2.2 nm, in good agreement with thickness values demanded by electron tunnelling studies.
Molecular genomic characterization of tick- and human-derived severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus isolates from South Korea (2017)

Full-length sequence analysis revealed a clear association between the genetic origins of tick- and human-derived SFTSV strains. While the most prevalent Korean SFTSV is genotype B, at least four different genotypes of SFTSV strains are co-circulating in South Korea. These findings provide information regarding the molecular epidemiology, genetic diversity, and evolution of SFTSV in East Asia.
Effect of Durian Peel Ash Added in Zinc Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites Used as a Chemical Sensor for Hydrazine Detection (2021)

As the hydrazine is toxic, the methods to detect hydrazine at low concentrations are essential in scientific research. This preliminary study reported on how to increase the efficiency of ZnO/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by adding durian peel ash (DPA) and using three-electrode method. The ZnO/rGO composites were prepared using chemical reaction of graphene oxide (GO) with zinc chloride. The rGO was prepared by the chemical reduction of GO using hydrazine. The properties of the samples were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Potentiostat/Galvanostat. The results showed that the optimal condition for the composite material was 70%DPA:30%ZnO/rGO with the sensitivity of 222.92 mA/mM·cm2 and the current density up to 116.50 ± 0.95 A/g. The relationship between the current and the hydrazine concentration was I (μA) = 48.69 + 21.91C (mM) with R2 of 0.9870. The minimum concentration of hydrazine solution that the modified electrode can measure was 0.125 mM. The DPA powder can then be used to enhance the hydrazine detection efficiency at low concentrations.
ACTIVIDAD DE DISTINTAS PRESENTACIONES COMERCIALES DE SACCHAROMYCES BOULARDII (2004)

Saccharomyces boulardii es una levadura recomendada para la prevencion y el tratamiento de la diarrea. Se presentan los resultados de la comparacion de la actividad relativa de varias presentaciones de esta levadura disponibles en Chile. La comparacion se realizo midiendo: i) la rapidez de crecimiento en el producto suspendido en un medio de cultivo y ii) el numero de celulas vivas despues de re-hidratar los productos. En las diferentes experiencias, la presentacion Perenterylâ mostro un crecimiento mas rapido, alcanzando los valores maximos de concentracion de celulas alrededor de tres a cinco horas antes que los otros productos. Aunque el numero total de celulas fue practicamente igual en todas las presentaciones, el numero de celulas vivas fue muy superior en las presentaciones Perenterylâ
Estimation of the transfer function of a subscriber loop by means of a one-port scattering parameter measurement at the central office (2002)

In order to qualify a subscriber loop for xDSL transmission, the channel capacity has to be estimated, which depends on the transfer function of the network. A method is provided to estimate the transfer function of the subscriber loop only measuring the one-port scattering parameter at the central office. We consider three types of networks according to their topology: a single line, a homogeneous network with a bridged tap, and a cascade of two line sections. For each type of network a parametric model is derived of its one-port scattering parameter and transfer function based on the physical line model VUB0. The model for the scattering parameter is used to identify the network based on the corresponding measurements by means of a maximum-likelihood estimator. The estimated parameters are substituted in the transfer function model, which is needed for the capacity estimation. The proposed models and estimators are validated by measurements and simulations. For the measurements, which were performed with a network analyzer, three types of twisted-pair cables were used: British Telecom (BT), Deutsch Telekom (FT), and Belgacom.
Low-Frequency Pulse Width Modulation Control Methods of Ultrasonic Motor (2013)

Because of the serious non-linearity and coupling among state variables caused by the complex energy conversion process in ultrasonic motor, the motion control strategy of ultrasonic motor still need to be studied in detail to obtain better performance. As a kind of special control method, the low-frequency PWM control strategy can make the on-line optimum control easier, and may be an effective means to realize high performance motion control using ultrasonic motor. But this kind of strategy has not been studied in detail until now. This paper analyzes the difference among three low-frequency PWM control methods in details, works out the principle of selection among these methods. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i9.3262
Preparation and Application of Odorless 1,3‐Propanedithiol Reagents. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
MEMS Series Switch with Nanometer Wide Gaps in Suspended Coplanar Waveguide Transmission Lines (2006)

A MEMS switch with sub-micron wide air gaps, milled into suspended center conductors of CPW transmission lines using focused ion beam milling, is introduced. The gaps were milled at an angle to produce two independent overlapping and electro-statically actuated cantilevers. By applying a voltage to the upper electrode, the gap ( ~ 0.1 mum) can be closed to provide a signal path in the series switch. When the bias is applied to the lower electrode, the isolation can be increased. An insertion loss of less than 1 dB and isolation greater than 20 dB were measured from 1 to 23 GHz
Growth and Electrical Characterization of TlInTe2 Single Crystal (2008)

High efficiency design for single crystal growth from melt based on Bridgman technique is constructed locally and used for growing TlInTe2 crystals. Measurements of Hall coefficient and DC electrical conductivity covering a temperature range from 158 to 473 K were conducted. The investigated samples have P-Type conductivity with RH of 2.3 × 109 cm3/coul. at room temperature and carrier concentrations as 2.81×109 cm-3. Energy gap ?Eg and ionization energy ?Ea were estimated as 0.72 eV and 0.113 eV, respectively. The diffusion coefficient, diffusion length, as well as relaxation time were evaluated, and the scattering mechanism of charge carrier was checked.
Resonant Detection and Modulation of Terahertz Radiation by 2DEG Plasmons in GaN Grating-Gate Structures (2007)

We observed, for the first time, resonant absorption and modulation of THz radiation by 2DEG plasmons in GaN-based large area grating-gate structures. Transmission spectra of the fabricated grating-gate devices were measured by a commercial FTIR system using a blackbody emitter as broadband radiation source and a CW FIR gas laser. Obtained spectra clearly showed the absorption peaks, which were attributed to the resonance plasmon excitation in the 2DEG at the AlGaN/GaN heterointerface. The results demonstrate the potential of using GaN-based plasmonic device for THz applications.
Microwave assisted acylation of methoxyarenes catalyzed by EPZG®catalyst (2002)

Solventless acylation and benzoylation of 1-methoxynaphthalene, 2-methoxynaphthalene and anisole with different acyl chlorides and anhydrides catalyzed with EPZG® under microwave irradiation were studied. The high yields of the monoacylation products were achieved in a very short time and diacetylation products were also isolated.
Understanding the mechanism of hepatic fibrosis and potential therapeutic approaches (2012)

Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a progressive condition with serious clinical complications arising from abnormal proliferation and amassing of tough fibrous scar tissue. This defiance of collagen fibers becomes fatal due to ultimate failure of liver functions. Participation of various cell types, interlinked cellular events, and large number of mediator molecules make the fibrotic process enormously complex and dynamic. However, with better appreciation of underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis, the assumption that HF cannot be cured is gradually changing. Recent findings have underlined the therapeutic potential of a number of synthetic compounds as well as plant derivatives for cessation or even the reversal of the processes that transforms the liver into fibrotic tissue. It is expected that future inputs will provide a conceptual framework to develop more specific strategies that would facilitate the assessment of risk factors, shortlist early diagnosis biomarkers, and eventually guide development of effective therapeutic alternatives.
Assessment of AGC Performance Based on Thermal Power Unit Model (2019)

Automatic generation control (AGC) technology is an important technical to maintain balance between power generators and loads. As the proportion of new energy power generation increases, the grid has higher requirements for frequency stability, so an accurate AGC performance evaluation method is necessary. This paper establishes a model of thermal power unit, and the model considers the influence of primary frequency control. After the model established, the model parameters are calculated by the genetic algorithm. And the accuracy is obtained of the model by calculating the fit between the actual output and the model output. Then the AGC performance evaluation results are obtained through the established model. It can be seen from the industrial case that the proposed method can accurately calculate the AGC performance evaluation index.
Dual-rod Yb:YAG laser for high-power and high-brightness applications (2000)

We describe a diode-pumped Yb.YAG laser producing 1080 W cw with 27.5% optical-optical efficiency and 532 W Q-switched with M 2 =2.2 and 17% optical-optical efficiency. The laser uses two composite Yb.YAG rods separated by a 90 degree quartz rotator for bifocusing compensation. A microlensed diode array end-pumps each rod using a hollow lens duct for pump delivery. By changing resonator parameters, we can adjust the fundamental mode size and the output beam quality. Using a flattened gaussian intensity profile to calculate the modefill efficiency and clipping losses, we compare experimental data to modeled output power vs beam quality.
A Transmission-Based Dielectric Property Probe for Clinical Applications (2018)

We have developed a transmission-based, open-ended coaxial dielectric probe that can be used in clinical situations and overcomes many of the limitations related to the typical reflection-based dielectric probes. The approach utilizes the low profile, open-ended coaxial cables enabling clinicians to still probe relatively compact spaces. The sensing depth can be extended to as large as 1.5 to 2 cm compared with the more typical range of 0.3 mm for conventional probes and is dramatically less affected by measurement technique variability including poor sample contact and cable bending. As a precursor to an actual clinical implementation, we study the technique in a range of homogeneous liquids with substantially varying dielectric properties. The initial results demonstrate good agreement between the transmission-based probe and commercial, reflection-based probes and pave the way for more substantial clinical implementation.
Interim Models for Basal Area and Volume Projection of Uneven-Aged Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Stands (1982)

Abstract Equations are presented for estimating current volume, projected basal area, and projected volume for stands of loblolly-shortleaf (Pinus taeda L.-Pinus echinata Mill.) pine managed under the selection system. The independent variables are initial stand basal area and elapsed time. The estimates should provide a guide to the cubic-foot volume production that might be expected from stands on average sites (site indices 80-90 ft.), medium basal areas (30 to 70 sq. ft.) and time periods of 10 years or less.
Septic Gonococcal Dermatitis (1971)

The overall incidence in gonorrhoea of septic gonococcal dermatitis was found to be 1.9% (3% for the females and 0.7% for the males). In 23 patients the common presenting symptoms were arthritis or arthralgia and bouts of fever, but the characteristic skin lesions served as an early clue to the diagnosis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated from the genitourinary tract or from the blood. With the use of immunofluorescent techniques gonococci were also found in smears prepared from the skin lesions. An immune response to gonococci was found with the complement fixation technique in 90% of the patients. The response to treatment with penicillin was prompt, with complete relief from joint pains and fever, usually within two to seven days. The skin lesions faded within a few days, but scars could be observed for up to four weeks.
Sun-Synchronous Orbit Transfer Scheme Based on Solar Sail (2019)

Aiming at the sun-synchronous orbit transfer task of the micro-nano satellite solar sail, the method of combining the weighted control law and the solar sail optimal direction is used for maneuvering the orbit, and a segmentation control strategy is proposed to control the local time of the descending node of target orbit. The theoretical and simulation results show that the sun-synchronous orbit transfer task can be completed by using the micro-nano satellite solar sail, and the local time of the descending node is consistent with the initial value. In addition, the local time of the descending node has a certain impact on the orbit maneuvering efficiency of the solar sail, and the task can be completed by using the segmentation control strategy on orbits with different local time of the descending node.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of the Aryl Groups as the Carboxyl Synthon. Application to the Synthesis of Some Natural Products Containing Hydroxy Amino Acid Functions. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Engineering design tools for shape memory alloy actuators: CASMART collaborative best practices and case studies (2019)

One of the primary goals of the Consortium for the Advancement of Shape Memory Alloy Research and Technology is to enable the design of revolutionary applications based on shape memory alloy technology. To advance this goal and reduce the development time and required experience for the fabrication of shape memory alloy actuation systems, several modeling tools were developed for common actuator types and are discussed along with case studies, which highlight their capabilities and limitations. Shape memory alloys have many potential applications as reliable, lightweight, solid-state actuators given their ability to sustain high stresses and recover large deformations. In this article, modeling frameworks are developed for three common actuator designs: wires, lightweight, low-profile, and easily implemented; coiled springs, offering actuation strokes upward of 200% at reduced mechanical loads; and torque tubes, which can provide large actuation torques in small volumes and repeatable low-load actuation. Although the design and integration of a shape memory alloy–based actuation system requires application- and environment-specific engineering considerations, common modeling tools can significantly reduce the investment required for actuation system development and provide valuable engineering insight. This analysis presents a collection of Consortium for the Advancement of Shape Memory Alloy Research and Technology collaborative best practices to allow readers to utilize the available design tools and understand their modeling principles.
Relational Embeddedness and Learning: The Case of Bank Loan Managers and Their Clients (2003)

As a complement to the literature on learning in firms, we investigate learning in markets, a nascent area of study that focuses on how learning occurs between, rather than within, firms. The core idea behind our framework is that networks shape knowledge transfer and learning processes by creating channels for knowledge trade and reducing the risk of learning. In developing our framework, we elaborate on the knowledge transfer capabilities of different types of social ties, the informational properties of public and private knowledge, and how types of knowledge transfer and forms of learning follow from the networks within which firms embed their exchanges. We conducted fieldwork at Chicago-area banks to examine our framework's plausibility and application to learning in financial lending markets, a setting relevant to most firms. Findings indicate that learning is located not only in actors' cognitions or past experiences, but also in relations among actors, and that viewing learning as a social process helps solve problems regarding knowledge transfer and learning in markets.
Spatially resolved argon microplasma diagnostics by diode laser absorption (2011)

Microplasmas were diagnosed by spatially resolved diode laser absorption using the Ar 801.4 nm transition (1s5-2p8). A 900 MHz microstrip split ring resonator was used to excite the microplasma which was operated between 100–760 Torr (13–101 kPa). The gas temperatures and the Ar 1s5 line-integrated densities were obtained from the atomic absorption lineshape. Spatially resolved data were obtained by focusing the laser to a 30 μm spot and translating the laser path through the plasma with an xyz microdrive. At 1 atm, the microplasma has a warm core (850 K) that spans 0.2 mm and a steep gradient to room temperature at the edge of the discharge. At lower pressure, the gas temperature decreases and the spatial profiles become more diffuse.
Heeft armoede nieuwe gedaantes? Amsterdamse armoedecijfers afgezet tegen landelijke trends (2014)

In dit hoofdstuk staan drie vragen centraal: Is de armoede in Amsterdam de afgelopen tien jaar kleiner geworden? In welke opzichten is de armoede van karakter veranderd? En hoe kan de armoede het beste worden aangepakt? Duidelijk zal worden dat het gezicht van de armoede minder is veranderd dan vaak wordt gedacht. Toch dienen zich wel degelijk nieuwe groepen aan die door de gemeente onvoldoende worden bereikt, zoals de werkende armen.