gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electric Double‐Layer Capacitor Composed of Activated Carbon Fiber Cloth Electrodes and Solid Polymer Electrolytes Containing Alkylammonium Salts (1994)

Solid polymer electrolytes consisting of complexes of poly(ethylene oxide)‐grafted poly(methyl)‐methacrylate (PEO‐PMMA) and tetraalkylammonium salts [tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium perchlorate, and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF4)] have been investigated for electric double‐layer capacitors with activated carbon fiber cloth electrodes. The PEO‐PMMA and tetraalkylammonium composites obtained showed high ionic conductivity (>10−4 S cm−1 at 298 K). The ionic conductivity depended on both the concentration and the size of each ion. The composites had good stability over a wide potential range (ca. 5.0 V). When the PEO‐PMMA and TEABF4 composites were used in solid‐state electric double‐layer capacitors with activated carbon fiber cloths as polarizable electrodes, the capacitors showed charge/discharge behavior with large values of capacitance and high coulombic efficiency. The long voltage retention was observed in the self‐discharge test of the capacitor with TEABF4.
Réflexions sur l'évaluation supervisée de la qualité d'un arbre binaire de partitions d'image (2017)

National audience
ChemInform Abstract: Giant Magnetoresistance in the Half‐Metallic Double‐Perovskite Ferrimagnet Mn2FeReO6. (2015)

Abstract Polycrystalline Mn 2+ 2 Fe 3+ Re 5+ O 6 is prepared by hot pressing of a stoichiometric mixture of MnO, Fe 2 O 3 , and ReO 3 (multianvil press, 5 GPa, 1623 K, 1 h; decompression within 8‐12 h).
THE EFFECT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED BY t‐BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE ON THE STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS OF MEMBRANE PROTEINS OF CHINESE HAMSTER FIBROBLASTS (1999)

A method based on the measurement at room temperature of tryptophan phosphorescence (RTTP) gives the unique possibility to investigate the dynamic structure of membrane proteins without their isolation from cells. This method was used to study the influence of tert- butyl hydroperoxide (t -BHP) on Chinese hamster fibroblasts. The treatment of fibroblasts with t -BHP in a concentration range of 0. 5-2 m m for 60 min caused an increase of frequency and amplitude of membrane protein motions with lifetimes of hundreds miliseconds (a decrease of RTTP tau(2)). In parallel, cell viability was studied by trypan blue exclusion test and the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was measured in cells. The dependences of the RTTP tau(2)and cell viability on t -BHP concentration were similar. Contrary to this, t -BHP did not induce the activation of lipid peroxidation processes in cells. This indicates that cell death is connected with the excessive increase of intramolecular dynamics of membrane proteins during t -BHP action.
High-Temperature Fatigue/Creep/Environment Interactions in Compressor Alloys (2002)

The high-temperature fatigue response of titanium and nickel alloys destined for high-performance gas turbine applications is considered with particular emphasis given to the role of creep and environmental damage during crack growth. In an attempt to partition the respective contributions from these two rate controlling factors, data are presented for a range of temperature, stress ratio, and pressure conditions. The implications for the extended use of such alloys in future gas turbine designs are discussed.
Safety of Perioperative Subcutaneous Heparin for Prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy (1999)

Perioperative heparin may be safe to administer to patients undergoing craniotomy, but a larger study is needed to demonstrate efficacy.
PS-C36-8: BLOOD PRESSURE REDUCTION AFTER RENAL DENERVATION IN PATIENTS WITH OR WITHOUT CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: THE ERLANGER EXPERIENCE (2023)

Background: Hypertension is associated with major cardiovascular and renal adverse events and the 24h-ambulatory blood pressure (BP) is superior than the office BP in predicting these complications. Overactivitiy of the sympathetic nervous system is linked with elevation of systemic BP and is also present in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to compare the BP lowering effects of renal denervation (RDN) in patients with and without CKD. Methods: Radiofrequency or ultrasound device based renal denervation was performed in 47 patients with and 127 without CKD in our center. Office and 24h-ambulatory BP were assessed after 3, 6 and 12 months by validated devices. CKD was defined by clinical diagnosis or according to the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR: 15–60 ml/min/1.73m 2 ; CKD-EPI formula). Results: Until today, 174 patients with a mean age of 59.0 ± 10 were followed up for at least 12 months. At baseline mean eGFR was 55.8 ± 21 ml/min/1.73m 2 in patients with CKD and 87.3 ± 13 ml/min/1.73m 2 in patients without CKD. There was no significant eGFR decline in either of the groups during follow up. In patients with CKD eGFR was after 12 months 54.4 ± 23 ml/min/1.73m 2 (p = 0.699 vs baseline). Office and 24h-systolic and -diastolic BP were significantly reduced from baseline in patients with or without CKD at all time points after RDN (all p &lt; 0.01). There was no significant difference in the reduction of 24 h, day- and nighttime ambulatory BP between the 2 groups at any time point (see table below). With exception of rare local adverse events (e.g. haematoma at the puncture site), we had no safety signals, especially in our patients with CKD, e.g. there was no dissection, embolism or periprocedural cardiovascular complications. Conclusion: In our single center registry, we observed a similar BP reduction in 24 h, day- and nighttime ambulatory BP as well as in office BP in patients with and without CKD at any time point up to 12 months. There was no safety signal related to RDN. In particular, we did not observe a significant eGFR decline in both CKD positive or negative patients. We conclude that RDN is an effective and safe treatment option for patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease.
Physiologic Axial Load, Frictional Resistance, and the Football Shoe—Surface Interface (2003)

The purpose of this investigation was to report on the interaction between different types of athletic shoes and playing surfaces using physiologic loads of 40 and 220 lbs. This is a continuation of our previous report using a load of 25 lbs. Nine shoes by three manufacturers were characterized as turf, court, molded cleat, or traditional cleat and tested on both natural grass and synthetic turf. A specially designed pneumatic testing device was used in order to measure translational resistance and rotational torque of the shoe-surface interface. Measurements were acquired for 1) force-X describing translational loading, 2) moment-Y describing the torque generated by linear translation, and 3) moment-Z describing the moment generated by axial rotation, and data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc comparison. It was found that increased the axial loads from 40 to 220 lbs significantly increased the frictional resistance (p < .05) between the shoe and the artificial turf surface in a nonlinear fashion. Turf shoes demonstrated the most frictional resistance of any group for this condition. Increases in the forces generated in linear translation from the axial load of 40 to 220 lbs produced the most significant increases of any resistance test on the turf surface. The cleated shoes (both traditional and molded) generated the highest frictional and torsional resistance on the grass surface when compared to the other categories of shoes. Grass generated higher peak moments than turf for the cleated shoes. These results demonstrate the considerable differences between laboratory and physiologic conditions and that the increase in frictional resistance is nonlinear with increasing loads.
Meßunsicherheiten, verursacht durch die endliche Länge eines Detektors (1970)

Mathematische Modelle mit verschiedener räumlicher Anordnung von Strahlenquelle und Detektor sind für den Punktdetektor, den linearen Detektor und den zylindrischen Detektor dargestellt. Das Verhältnis I von durchschnittlicher Dosisleistung und Dosisleistung im Zentrum des Detektors wurde bei Verwendung eines numerischen Verfahrens für den linearen und den zylindrischen Detektor bestimmt. Tabellen mit dem berechneten I für verschiedene Detektorlängen und mehrere typische Anordnungen zwischen Strahlenquelle und Detektor wurden aufgestellt. Aus den erhaltenen Ergebnissen läßt sich folgende Schlußfolgerung ziehen: Um sicher zu sein, daß ein Fehler von 5% nicht überschritten wird, sollten Dosismessungen nicht näher als eineinhalb Detektorlängen von der Strahlenquelle ausgeführt werden.
The Early Introduction of HIV Infection among Norwegians at Highest Risk (1990)

Patients with acute hepatitis B and hepatitis non-A non-B-like illness seen between 1981 and 1984 were chosen for the study of the introduction of HIV among persons at highest risk for HIV infection in Norway. HIV was introduced into these risk groups in 1982, but the prevalence of HIV seropositivity increased only slightly during the following 2 years.
Long-Term Use of Gabapentin for Treatment of Pain After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (2002)

Gabapentin may be an effective treatment of pain after spinal cord injury among those able to tolerate initial and long-term side effects.
Inter-Landau-level transitions near the threshold of 2D-2D tunneling (1997)

We have studied 2D-2D tunneling in a GaAs/Al${}_{x}$Ga${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$As double barrier resonant tunneling structure with an ${\mathrm{In}}_{y}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}\mathrm{As}$ emitter prewell. In a magnetic field we observe the threshold of elastic tunneling when the lowest unoccupied Landau level in the quantum well becomes resonant with the highest occupied Landau level in the emitter prewell. We suggest that an additional unusual transition at higher biases is associated with inelastic inter-Landau-level tunneling assisted by the emission of a low-energy collective excitation.
Mechanisms of adaptation in the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia (2011)

Giardia lamblia, a parasite of humans, is a major source of waterborne diarrhoeal disease. Giardia is also an excellent system to study basic biochemical processes because it is a single-celled eukaryote with a small genome and its entire life cycle can be replicated in vitro. Giardia trophozoites undergo fundamental changes to survive outside the intestine of their host by differentiating into infective cysts. Encystation entails the synthesis, processing, transport, secretion and extracellular assembly of cyst wall components. To survive within the intestine, Giardia undergoes antigenic variation, a process by which the parasite continuously switches its major surface molecules, allowing the parasite to evade the host's immune response and produce chronic and recurrent infections. The objective of the present chapter is to provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in adaptation and differentiation in Giardia, with a particular focus on the process of encystation and antigenic variation of this interesting micro-organism.
Epidemiological Evidence of the Association between Dietary Protein Intake and Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis of Published Data. (2002)

The purpose of this study was to address the association between dietary protein intake and blood pressure (BP) by combining information from all epidemiological studies that presented quantitative estimates of dietary protein intake and BP assessment. A literature search of MEDLINE, restricted to human studies on dietary protein intake and BP, was conducted. References cited in related studies were also reviewed. The results were as follows. 1) Of eleven cross-sectional studies identified, nine were suitable for quantitative pooled analysis. In men (total sample, n=19,954 for SBP, and 19,982 for DBP), the pooled regression coefficients (betas) of SBP and DBP on dietary protein intake were -0.03 (0.001) and -0.025 (0.01) (both, p<0.01). In women (n=950), the pooled betas were -0.014 (0.01) for SBP (p<0.05) and -0.021 (0.00) for DBP (p<0.01). In the studies that reported data for both sexes (n=12,716 for SBP and 12,508 for DBP), the pooled betas were -0.029 (0.01) and -0.0156 (0.00) for SBP and DBP (both p<0.01). 2) Twenty-four-hour dietary recall and 24-h urine collection were the main methods used for diet assessment, and their pooled results were consistent with the combined results for both sexes. 3) Results from two longitudinal studies showed inverse associations between dietary protein intake and BP after 3 and 7 years' follow-up. In conclusion, a convincing cross-sectional inverse association between dietary protein intake and BP was demonstrated by the meta-analysis of nine population-based studies. The evidence from longitudinal epidemiological studies was limited. Further studies will be needed to confirm the hypothesis of the inverse dietary protein-BP association.
Development of Bovine Fetal Testis Tissue After Ectopic Xenografting in Mice (2011)

Testis tissue xenografting represents a versatile model to study testis biology, and to preserve fertility in immature animals. To evaluate whether bovine fetal testes can mature when grafted into mouse hosts, small fragments of testes from midgestation (125 to 145 days of gestation) bovine fetuses were grafted ectopically into immunodeficient castrated male mice. At grafting, donor tissue displayed the typical seminiferous cords composed of gonocytes and primitive Sertoli cells. At 5 or 10 months after grafting, weight of the seminal vesicles in recipient mice was indicative of production of bioactive testosterone by xenografts. Xenografts showed similar development regardless of donor age. At 5 months, tubule formation occurred but germ cell differentiation had not proceeded beyond the spermatogonia stage. At 10 months, an increase in tubule size was evident and pachytene spermatocytes were observed as the most advanced type of germ cells in the xenografts of 2 donors. The number of tubules with germ cells was reduced in xenografts compared to donor tissue, but at 10 months the number of germ cells per tubule was higher than in donors. Germ cell proliferation was similar in donor tissue and xenografts. However, Sertoli cells showed a higher proliferation rate in xenografts collected at 5 months than in donor fetal testes and xenografts collected at 10 months. Sertoli cells in xenografts showed a progressive but incomplete loss of expression of Müllerian inhibiting substance and weak androgen receptor expression, indicating an incomplete Sertoli cell maturation. In conclusion, fetal testis tissue developed partially, qualitatively similar to pubertal testes in situ.
Diffusion of Drug Delivery Nanoparticles into Biogels Using Time-Resolved MicroMRI (2014)

Nanoparticle-based therapeutic agents can in some cases provide selective delivery to tumors, yet this field would greatly benefit from more detailed understanding of particle transport into and within tumor tissue. To provide fundamental information for optimizing interstitial transport of polymeric nanoparticles, we have developed a quantitative approach employing real-time analysis of nanoparticle diffusion into bulk biological hydrogels using microMRI. We use two distinct imaging approaches to probe the migration of two novel "theranostic" polymeric agents (combining drug delivery and contrast agent functions) into bulk hydrogels. Theranostic agent diffusion measured using time-resolved MRI agrees well with diffusion measured for simple probe particles using fluorescence spectroscopies. Furthermore, compared with established fluorescence techniques, which are restricted by sample thickness, our approach provides a three-dimensional diffusion rate and concentration distribution of nanoparticles over macroscopic distances in biological media. These results carry implications for in vivo tracking of theranostic nanoparticles into tumor interstitium.
Effect of repeatedin vitrosub-culturing on the virulence ofMetarhizium anisopliaeagainstHelicoverpa armigera(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (2008)

Abstract The effect of repeated conidial sub-culturing of Metarhizium anisopliae on its virulence against Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) was studied. The LT50 observed against third instar larvae of H. armigera for the first sub-culture was 3.4 days; it increased to 4.5 and 5.6 days for the 20th and the 40th sub-cultures, respectively. The LT50 values after passage of the 40th sub-culture on H. armigera decreased to 4.4 and 3.7 days for the 40th (first in vivo) and the 40th (fifth in vivo) passages, respectively. Similarly, the LC50 of M. anisopliae towards third instar larvae of H. armigera increased from the first sub-culture (0.17×104) to (3.0×104) for the 40th conidial transfers on potato dextrose agar and again decreased to 0.74×104 and 0.23×104 in the 40th (first in vivo) and the 40th (fifth in vivo) passage, respectively. Similar trends for LC50 and LT50 values were seen when sugarcane woolly aphid, Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner was used as a host. Significant variation in appressorium formation and cuticle-degrading enzyme production such as chitinase, chitin deacetylase, chitosanase and protease during subsequent sub-culturing and passage through H. armigera was observed. Though there was no effect on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence pattern, interestingly, in randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), significant differences in the band intensities and in the banding pattern for different sub-cultures of M. anisopliae were observed. As stable virulence towards the insect pest is desirable for commercialisation of a mycoinsecticide, such changes in virulence due to repeated in vitro transfer need to be monitored and minimised.
Oleuropein-rich Gellan Gum/Alginate films as innovative treatments against photo-induced skin aging (2023)

Supplementary Material
An Overview of Vehicular Ad hoc Network Evaluation Alternatives (2010)

International audience
Tether monitoring for entanglement detection, disentanglement and localisation of autonomous robots (2014)

SUMMARY Tethered mobile robots are ideal for electrically noisy environments and for time-consuming tasks that require robust data communication and uninterrupted power delivery. However, tethers may become entangled in cluttered environments, leading to immobilisation and consequent mission failure. This work addresses real-time monitoring of tethers to detect tether entanglement, perform disentanglement through tether following and localise within line of sight. Experimental hardware is proposed to implement the tether monitoring techniques. Experiments are performed for single and dual mobile robots to search a target environment and entanglement detection is shown to be successful using quantitative metrics such as mean localization error.
SU‐GG‐J‐168: Respiratory‐Gated Radiation Therapy for the Liver: A 5‐Patient Study (2008)

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility and accuracy of using a combination of internal and external fiducials for respiratory‐gated image‐guided radiotherapy of liver tumors with commercially‐available systems. Method and Materials: Five patients were enrolled in the study. Patients were treated on either a 2100EX or Trilogy linear accelerator (Varian Medical Systems). Respiration was tracked and the beam was gated using the RPM system (Varian). Radio‐opaque fiducials implanted adjacent to the liver tumor were used for daily online set‐up using non‐simultaneous orthogonal electronic portal or kV images and ISOLOC software (MedTec). The threshold for couch shifts was 2 mm, while the respiratory gate was set at 1 mm. The accuracy of respiratory‐gated treatment using an external fiducial was verified offline using cine mode images acquired during treatment. Results: The range of tumor motion was between 8.0 mm and 44.3 mm in the supero‐inferior (SI) direction, which is the dominant direction of motion due to respiration. For all patients, interfractional variation, a measure of set‐up uncertainty, was 0.3 ± 2.3 mm (1σ) in the SI direction. The intrafractional variation, a measure of the precision of gating, was found to be ±1.0 mm (1σ). The average duty cycle varied between 18% and 28%. Conclusion: Respiratory gating with either EPID or kV imaging using readily available and affordable infrastructural elements can provide accurate, reproducible, and verifiable means to deliver precision radiotherapy to liver tumors. Daily analysis of the cine images is an effective way to verify that the treatment was delivered as planned and we strongly recommended it.
An Ultrahigh Efficiency Excitonic Micro-LED (2023)

High efficiency micro-LEDs, with lateral dimensions as small as one micrometer, are desired for next-generation displays, virtual/augmented reality, and ultrahigh-speed optical interconnects. The efficiency of quantum well LEDs, however, is reduced to negligibly small values when scaled to such small dimensions. Here, we show such a fundamental challenge can be overcome by developing nanowire excitonic LEDs. Harnessing the large exciton oscillator strength of quantum-confined nanostructures, we demonstrate a submicron scale green-emitting LED having an external quantum efficiency and wall-plug efficiency of 25.2% and 20.7%, respectively, the highest values reported for any LEDs of this size to our knowledge. We established critical factors for achieving excitonic micro-LEDs, including the epitaxy of nanostructures to achieve strain relaxation, the utilization of semipolar planes to minimize polarization effects, and the formation of nanoscale quantum-confinement to enhance electron-hole wave function overlap. This work provides a viable path to break the efficiency bottleneck of nanoscale optoelectronics.
Tropical Entrainment Time Sclaes Inferred from Stratospheric N(sub 2)0 and CH(sub 4) Observations (1998)

Simultaneous in situ measurements of the long-lived trace gases N(sub 2)O and CH(sub 4) were made with a tunable diode laser spectrometer (ALIAS II) aboard the Observations from the Middle Stratosphere (OMS) balloon platform from New Mexico, Alaska, and Brazil during 1996 and 1997.
A pricing strategy to promote low-fat snack choices through vending machines. (1997)

Reducing relative prices may be effective in promoting lower-fat food choices in the population. Vending machines may be a feasible method for implementing such nutrition interventions.
The RNA world : the nature of modern RNA suggests a prebiotic RNA world (1993)

THE ORIGINS OF RNA AND RNA AT THE ORIGIN 1. Setting the Stage. The History, Chemistry, and Geobiology behind RNA 2. Progress toward Understanding the Origin of the RNA World 3. Protocells: Genetic Polymers Inside Membrane Vesicles BUILDING A FUNCTIONAL RNA 4. Riboswitches and the RNA World 5. Catalytic Strategies of Self-cleaving Ribozymes: Relics of an RNA World? 6. How the Group I Intron Works: A Case Study of RNA Structure and Function EXITING THE ANCIENT RNA WORLD - SYNTHETASES AND RIBOSOMES 7. RNA, Lipids, and Membranes 8. Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases: From the RNA World to the Theater of Proteins 9. The Roles of RNA in the Synthesis of Protein 10. Evolution of Ribosomes and Translation from an RNA World RICHNESS OF RNA ROLES IN MODERN RNA WORLD 11. The RNA World 12. The Ever-Growing World of Small Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins 13. Spliceosome Structure and Function 14. Urdine Insertion/Deletion RNA Editing as a Paradigm for Site-specific Modifications of RNA Molecules 15. Telomerase RNA 16. The Shapely mRNA: Knotting Ventured, Knotting Gained RNA CONTINUES TO TRIUMPH OVER DNA 17. Group II Introns: Ribozymes that Splice RNA and Invade DNA 18. SINEs and LINEs: Troublemakers, Saboteurs, Benefactors, Ancestors 19. The Biology of Short RNAs 20. Versatile Roles of Small RNA Regulators in Bacteria 21. Large Noncoding RNAs in Mammalian Gene Dosage Regulation EMERGING TOOLS 22. Predicting RNA Secondary Structure 23. A Modular and Hierarchical Approach for All-Atom RNA Modeling 24. Automated In Vitro Selection and Microarray Applications for Functional RNA Sequences 25. RNA Folding, Unfolding, and Dynamics, One Molecule at a Time Appendix Index