gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-power switching device based on field emission mechanism fabricated using highly crystalline single-walled carbon nanotubes (2021)

Since the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, there has been a growing interest in energy conservation all over the world. To build a society centered on renewable energy, it is essential to obtain inexpensive and stable renewable energy, and completely eliminate energy loss in the energy utilization system for conserving energy optimally. Towards the construction of an energy-saving low-carbon society, we have utilized the field emission (FE) characteristics of highly crystalline single-walled carbon nanotubes (HC-SWCNTs), which are synthesized by arc discharge, purified, and annealed at high temperatures, to form an excellent electron emission layer with high current density and high durability. The thin films containing HC-SWCNTs exhibit electrical properties that result in almost no heat generation at high current densities (i.e., high power densities). When the thin films fabricated in this research were used in a power switching device, the FE characteristics of HC-SWCNTs as an electron source in the device were applied to switch the ampere-order currents on and off. Owing to their high crystallinity, SWCNTs exhibit potentials close to the ideal conductive characteristics, and their performance is expected to meet the requirements of high-power density, zero energy loss, and high-frequency responses, even when compared with power devices fabricated using semiconductors, for example, SiC and GaN. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to establish a high-power-density and low-energy-loss thin-film formation technology and to develop a high-performance switching device.
Quality of life implications of osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer patients: a pilot study (2008)

17557 Background: Presenting as exposed, necrotic bone, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is associated with intravenous (IV) bisphosphonate use in cancer patients. Because these patients usually have incurable cancers, side effects that decrease health related quality of life (HRQoL) need to be understood. The overall aim of the study is to estimate the QoL impact of ONJ in order to inform individual and societal bisphosphonate treatment decisions; the aim of this pilot study was to develop and test the feasibility of the survey instruments, assess the level of emotional discomfort caused by the survey and provide preliminary QoL estimates. Methods: A phone survey was developed in collaboration with oncology, oral medicine, oral surgery, psychiatry and QoL experts. Subjects were randomly identified from a cohort of 80 cancer patients with ONJ. A chart review determined eligibility. Oral health-specific QoL before and after ONJ was determined with the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), a validated psychometric instrument. Four standardized health states for cancer in the bone and ONJ were developed and preference values (utilities) for each state were obtained using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the EQ5D and time- tradeoff (TTO) questions. Emotional discomfort during and after the survey was evaluated. Results: With a response rate of 100%, the pilot study included 5 subjects. Two subjects reported “a little” emotional discomfort during the survey (2 on a 5 point Likert scale) but none were upset afterwards. The mean OHIP score was 1.6 pre-ONJ and 7.2 post-ONJ (0–28 scale). The largest change occurred for the pain domain (mean increase =1.2). The only domain not affected was overall function. Subjects reporting more ONJ symptoms had larger OHIP score changes. The utility value decreased when cancer in bone alone was compared to cancer in the bone with Stage 3 ONJ: 0.76 to 0.42 (VAS), 0.88 to 0.49 (EQ5D) and 0.86 to 0.56 (TTO). Rank order was appropriate and consistent across instruments. Conclusions: Preliminary results suggest study design was feasible and instrument results were internally consistent. Both oral-health specific and global HRQoL instruments capture QoL changes associated with ONJ. There was minimal subject distress. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Prospective Evaluation of Dietary and Other Predictors of Fatal Stroke in Shanghai, China (1997)

Our data demonstrate that hypertension is by far the most important contributor to stroke mortality in Shanghai and that among dietary factors, only alcohol consumption shows any evidence whatsoever of being a risk factor.
Bile Acids and Steroids. XV. Thiosteroids. (4). Ring-opening Reaction of 11β, 12β-Episulfide with Acetic Anhydride and p-Toluenesulfonic Acid. (1960)

Treatment of 11β, 12β-epithiocholane-3α, 24-diol (I) with acetic anhydride and p-tolu-enesulfonic acid gave 12β-acetylthio-9(11)-olefin (II), structure of which was assumed by its chemical conversion into the 9(11)-ene or 9(11)-en-12-one compound and also by comparison of molecular rotation differences between the 12-mercapto-9(11)-ene and the corresponding alcohols.
IFN-γ Primes Intact Human Coronary Arteries and Cultured Coronary Smooth Muscle Cells to Double-Stranded RNA- and Self-RNA–Induced Inflammatory Responses by Upregulating TLR3 and Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5 (2010)

Atherosclerosis of native coronary arteries and graft arteriosclerosis in transplanted hearts are characterized by activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Nucleic acids generated by infections or cell death have been detected within arteriosclerotic lesions, and it is known that microbial and synthetic nucleic acids evoke inflammatory responses in cultured vascular cells. In this study, we report that model RNA, but not DNA, instigated robust cytokine and chemokine production from intact human coronary arteries containing both intrinsic vascular cells and resident/infiltrating leukocytes. An ssRNA analog induced TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma-induced protein of 10 kDa secretion by isolated human PBMCs, but not vascular cells. Conversely, synthetic dsRNA induced these inflammatory mediators by vascular cells, but not PBMCs. IFN-gamma, a cytokine linked to atherosclerosis and graft arteriosclerosis, potentiated the inflammatory responses of intact arteries and cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] and was necessary for inflammatory responses of VSMC to self-RNA derived from autologous cells. IFN-gamma also induced the expression of TLR3, melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5, and retinoic acid-inducible gene I dsRNA receptors. Small interfering RNA knockdown revealed that TLR3 mediated VSMC activation by poly(I:C), whereas melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 was more important for VSMC stimulation by self-RNA. IFN-gamma-mediated induction of dsRNA receptors and priming for inflammatory responses to poly(I:C) was confirmed in vivo using immunodeficient mice bearing human coronary artery grafts. These findings suggest that IFN-gamma, and by inference adaptive immunity, sensitizes the vasculature to innate immune activators, such as RNA, and activation of IFN-gamma-primed vascular cells by exogenous or endogenous sources of RNA may contribute to the inflammatory milieu of arteriosclerosis.
Two-step Learning of Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Discriminative Face Recognition under Varying Illumination (2016)

In real-world face recognition (FR) scenario, illumination variation has been known to be a challenging problem because face appearance dramatically changes depending on the illumination conditions. In order to deal with this illumination variation effectively, an illumination-reduced feature learning method using deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) is proposed in this paper. It is motivated by the capability of deep learning that represents highly complicated nonlinear structures. Our learning method is mainly comprised of following two-steps: 1) learning illumination patterns for eliminating illumination effect and 2) learning for maximizing discriminative power of feature representation. Experimental results on CMU Multi-PIE database have demonstrated that the proposed method outperforms the previous works in terms of FR accuracy.
Towards Twitter context summarization with user influence models (2013)

Twitter has become one of the most popular platforms for users to share information in real time. However, as an individual tweet is short and lacks sufficient contextual information, users cannot effectively understand or consume information on Twitter, which can either make users less engaged or even detached from using Twitter. In order to provide informative context to a Twitter user, we propose the task of Twitter context summarization, which generates a succinct summary from a large but noisy Twitter context tree. Traditional summarization techniques only consider text information, which is insufficient for Twitter context summarization task, since text information on Twitter is very sparse. Given that there are rich user interactions in Twitter, we thus study how to improve summarization methods by leveraging such signals. In particular, we study how user influence models, which project user interaction information onto a Twitter context tree, can help Twitter context summarization within a supervised learning framework. To evaluate our methods, we construct a data set by asking human editors to manually select the most informative tweets as a summary. Our experimental results based on this editorial data set show that Twitter context summarization is a promising research topic and pairwise user influence signals can significantly improve the task performance.
Synthesis of MXOY and Related Rings (2001)

By the hydrothermal reaction of lead (II) acetate with 2-benzonylbenzoic acid, colourless crystals of a hexanuclear lead carboxylate with bridging oxide ligands was obtained. The structure of the molecule could be described as being like a tennis ball of lead atoms at the centre of a soccer ball of carboxylate ligands. For clarity the carboxylate and oxide ligands have been omitted.
Supplementary Figure 2 from DLC1 Interaction with S100A10 Mediates Inhibition of <i>In Vitro</i> Cell Invasion and Tumorigenicity of Lung Cancer Cells through a RhoGAP-Independent Mechanism (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from DLC1 Interaction with S100A10 Mediates Inhibition of &lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; Cell Invasion and Tumorigenicity of Lung Cancer Cells through a RhoGAP-Independent Mechanism
Immunotherapy: the good, the bad, the ugly, and the really ugly (2019)

See article on page 730–737, in this issue
(Invited) GaAs Acoustic Distributed Feedback Lasers (1979)

Principles and recent experiments of a two-dimensional acoustic distributed feedback laser are described. In the experiments, a set of distributed Bragg reflectors were formed on a GaAs crystal and a surface acoustic wave at a frequency around 1.2 GHz was injected into the planar region between the Bragg reflectors. We also discuss a possibility of an injection laser with the acoustic distributed feedback.
Charging a Battery-Powered Device with a Fiber-Optically Connected Photonic Power System for Achieving High-Voltage Isolation (2008)

We are developing a system to provide isolated power to the filament power supply of an X-ray tube located at a potential of several hundred kilovolts. In this design a fiber-optically connected photonic power system (PPS) is used to recharge a lithium-ion battery pack, which will subsequently supply power to the rest of the system. This paper evaluates the suitability for using the commercially available JDSU Photonic Power System for charging Li-Ion batteries. The output of the PPC converter is characterized. The technical aspects of its use for charging a variety of Li-ion batteries are discussed. Battery charge protection requirements and safety concerns are also addressed.
Simultaneous heart-kidney transplantation results in respectable long-term outcome but a high rate of early kidney graft loss in high-risk recipients – a European single center analysis (2021)

Our data demonstrates the increased rate of early kidney graft loss and thus significantly inferior graft survival in high-risk patients undergoing HKTx. Thus, we advocate for a "kidney-after-heart" program in such patients to ensure responsible and reasonable utilization of scarce resources in times of ongoing organ shortage crisis.
A new toolbox for better crops (2017)

Sometime around 2020, a new corn variety will mark a huge leap in how humans design agricultural crops. It will be the first commercialized, gene-edited plant altered using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. But don’t be surprised if the corn debuts without much hype. It is a starchy or “waxy” corn that is not much different from varieties already on the market. When the seed firm DuPont Pioneer first announced the new corn in early 2016, few people paid attention. Pharmaceutical companies using CRISPR for new drugsgot the headlines instead. But people should notice DuPont’s waxy corn because using CRISPR—an acronym for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats—to delete or alter traits in plants is changing the world of plant breeding, scientists say. Moreover, the technique’s application in agriculture is likely to reach the public years before CRISPR-aided drugs hit the market. Until CRISPR tools were developed, the process of finding useful traits
Aufbau des Rahmenplanes (2008)

Die Funktion des Rahmenplanes ergibt sich aus den oben dargestellten Bildungszielen. Er schafft die Voraussetzungen für materiale und formale Bildungsprozesse in den Kindertagesstätten in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Um Bildungsprozesse im materialen Sinne handelt es sich in der Tagesförderung immer dann, wenn die Erzieherin sich bemüht, den Kindern einen Grundbestand an wünschenswertem und unverzichtbarem Grundwissen zu vermitteln. Bildung ist abhängig von Wissen. Wem es daran mangelt, dem muss Gelegenheit gegeben werden, es zu erwerben, um in dieser Gesellschaft als gebildet zu gelten. Die Kindertagesstätten sind personell, qualitativ und quantitativ in besonderer Weise geeignet, kindliche Bildung von Anfang an auf verlässliche und wirksame Grundlagen zu stellen. Um Bildungsprozesse im formalen Sinne handelt es sich immer dann, wenn es um die Förderung von Fähigkeiten geht. In diesem Sinne sollen die Kinder durch die Vermitdung der dem Rahmenplan zu entnehmenden Bildungsgüter befähigt werden, immer wieder neu zu lernen — in wechselnden oder dem gleichen Gegenstandsbereich, und zwar auf ansteigendem Anspruchsniveau.
Sub-Micron Scale Chemical and Mineralogical Analyses on Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitates (2022)

Journal Article Sub-Micron Scale Chemical and Mineralogical Analyses on Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitates Get access Neerja Zambare, Neerja Zambare Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tamas Varga, Tamas Varga Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Anil K Battu, Anil K Battu Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Libor Kovarik, Libor Kovarik Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Alice Dohnalkova Alice Dohnalkova Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 28, Issue S1, 1 August 2022, Pages 1322–1323, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622005438 Published: 01 August 2022
Privacy-Aware Federated Learning for Page Recommendation (2020)

Traditional page recommendation models are endangered by stricter privacy regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The performance of these models suffer when only a part of the users share their personal data, such as cookies, with web servers, while the rest of the users choose to opt-out from sharing these data. Furthermore, these models are not designed to provide recommendations for users who do not share their data. This paper addresses the question of how to provide good page recommendations to all users, independent of their privacy attitudes. We propose Fed4Rec, a privacy-preserving framework for page recommendation based on federated learning (FL) and model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML), which allows machine learning models to train on data collected from both public users, who share data with the server, and private users, who do not share data with the server. Fed4Rec enables recommendations for both public users, computed at the server, and private users, computed at their local devices. Private users' data are stored only on user devices and never shared with the server. FL is used to train on local data, and Fed4Rec shares with the server only partial model parameters, computed on local devices. MAML is used to jointly train on the public data and the model parameters from the private users. We compare Fed4Rec against several baseline frameworks, using a publicly available dataset from a large news portal. The results show that Fed4Rec outperforms the baselines in terms of recommendation accuracy. We also conduct one ablation study to examine the impact of varying the ratio between the number of public and private users. Fed4Rec performs better than the baselines for all ratios, but it is especially beneficial w hen t he p ercentage of public users is low.
Automated Repair Service Bureau: Evolution (1982)

This paper describes the evolution of a family of integrated computer-based operations support systems, the Automated Repair Service Bureau (ARSB). The ARSB supports the maintenance of a telephone customer's service from the local switch to the subscriber's premises (i.e., the loop portion of the service). The automation of labor-intensive manual tasks has made it possible to provide better service at lower cost.
Chemical Tailoring of Porous Silica Xerogels: Local Structure by Vibrational Spectroscopy (2004)

Monolithic porous silica xerogels were synthesized by the sol-gel process, and their local structure was analysed by vibrational spectroscopy. The silica alcogels were prepared by a two-step hydrolytic polycondensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in isopropanol, with a water/TEOS molar ratio of 4. The hydrolysis step was catalysed by hydrochloric acid (HCl), with different HCl/TEOS molar ratios (ranging from 0.0005 to 0.009), and the condensation step was catalysed by ammonia (NH(3)), with different NH(3)/HCl molar ratios (ranging from 0.7 to 1.7). After appropriate ageing, the alcogels were washed with isopropanol and subcritically dried at atmospheric pressure. The diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectra were analysed in terms of the main siloxane rings that form the silica particles, taking into account the splitting of the nu(as)Sibond;Obond;Si mode into pairs of longitudinal and transverse optic components, by long-range Coulomb interactions. It was proven that the proportion of residual silanol groups (which correlates with hydrophilicity), and the fraction of siloxane 6-rings (which correlates with porosity) may be tailored by adequate catalytic conditions, mostly by the hydrolysis pH. This was explained in terms of the reactions' mechanisms taking place in the two-step sol-gel process followed.
Automatisierter Greiferentwurf/Automated gripper design (2022)

Die langwierige manuelle Entwicklung von Greifsystemen wird durch das im Beitrag vorgestellte Softwaresystem automatisiert. Basierend auf dem Anforderungsprofil werden die einzelnen Bereiche der Softwarelösung vorgestellt und deren Funktionsweise erläutert. Am Beispiel der Gruppierung von Spannpunkten für Türmontagesysteme durch multikriterielle Optimierung wird das Potenzial für die breitere Anwendung der Softwarelösung in flexiblen und modularen Anlagen gezeigt. The software system presented in this paper allows for automating the tedious manual development of gripping systems. Based on a requirements profile, the individual areas of the software solution are presented and their functionality is explained. The example of grouping clamping points for door assembly systems using multi-criteria optimization, points out the potential for a broader application of the software solution in flexible and modular systems.
Binary Independence Language Model in a Relevance Feedback Environment (2019)

Model construction is a kind of knowledge engineering, and building retrieval models is critical to the success of search engines. This article proposes a new (retrieval) language model, called binary independence language model (BILM). It integrates two document-context based language models together into one by the log-odds ratio where these two are language models applied to describe document-contexts of query terms. One model is based on relevance information while the other is based on the non-relevance information. Each model incorporates link dependencies and multiple query term dependencies. The probabilities are interpolated between the relative frequency and the background probabilities. In a simulated relevance feedback environment of top 20 judged documents, our BILM performed statistically significantly better than the other highly effective retrieval models at 95% confidence level across four TREC collections using fixed parameter values for the mean average precision. For the less stable performance measure (i.e. precision at the top 10), no statistical significance is shown between the different models for the individual test collections although numerically our BILM is better than two other models with a confidence level of 95% based on a paired sign test across the test collections of both relevance feedback and retrospective experiments.
Viral shedding by vaccination status. (2017)

&lt;p&gt;Genome copy number per μl of transport media was determined by RT-qPCR all samples from the 2007–2008 season. (A) Copy number by vaccination status. IIV, inactivated influenza vaccine; LAIV, live attenuated influenza vaccine. (B) Copy number by day of infection (onset of symptoms is day 0) and vaccination status. Circle, IIV; Square, LAIV; Triangle, Placebo. (C) Copy number by HAI titer (D) Copy number by NAI titer. There were no differences among any of the groups by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction.&lt;/p&gt;
Interleukin-6 promotes dietary carcinogen-induced DNA damage in colorectal cancer cells (2015)

Pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 promotes dietary carcinogen-mediated DNA damage in 2D and 3D cultured cells by inducing<italic>CYP1B1</italic>expression through miR27b downregulation.
Increasing signal amplitude in fiber Bragg grating detection of Lamb waves using remote bonding (2016)

Networks of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors can serve as structural health monitoring systems for large-scale structures based on the collection of ultrasonic waves. The demodulation of structural Lamb waves using FBG sensors requires a high signal-to-noise ratio because the Lamb waves are of low amplitudes. This paper compares the signal transfer amplitudes between two adhesive mounting configurations for an FBG to detect Lamb waves propagating in an aluminum plate: a directly bonded FBG and a remotely bonded FBG. In the directly bonded FBG case, the Lamb waves create in-plane and out-of-plane displacements, which are transferred through the adhesive bond and detected by the FBG sensor. In the remotely bonded FBG case, the Lamb waves are converted into longitudinal and flexural traveling waves in the optical fiber at the adhesive bond, which propagate through the optical fiber and are detected by the FBG sensor. A theoretical prediction of overall signal attenuation also is performed, which is the combination of material attenuation in the plate and optical fiber and attenuation due to wave spreading in the plate. The experimental results demonstrate that remote bonding of the FBG significantly increases the signal amplitude measured by the FBG.