gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The antibacterial effect of camphorated paramonochlorophenol, camphorated phenol and calcium hydroxide in the treatment of infected root canals (1985)

Abstract The bactericidal efficacy of calcium hydroxide, camphorated phenol and camphorated paramonochlorophenol as intracanal dressings was evaluated clinically when the root canals of 65 single‐rooted teeth with periapical lesions were treated. A bacteriological technique that could detect even small numbers of anaerobic bacteria in the canals was used. After treatment, including intracanal dressing with calcium hydroxide paste (Calasept), bacteria were recovered from one of 35 treated root canals. After use of camphorated phenol or camphorated paramonochlorophenol as the dressing, bacteria were recovered from 10 of 30 treated root canals. The isolated bacteria were predominantly Gram‐positive and anaerobic. There was no indication that specific bacteria were resistant to the treatment. The results indicate that the endodontic treatment of infected root canals can be completed in two appointments when calcium hydroxide paste is used as an intracanal dressing.
Figure S1 from Dissecting the Origin of Heterogeneity in Uterine and Ovarian Carcinosarcomas (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Collection and selection of tumor samples.&lt;/p&gt;
Color Image Enhancement (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: False Colors and Pseudocolors Enhancement of Real Color Images Noise Removal in Color Images Contrast Enhancement in Color Images References
A computational model of a human single sinoatrial node cell (2016)

For the investigation of the spontaneous rhythmical activity response in the application of cardiac neuromodulation, we formulated a human sinoatrial node (SAN) cell model. With the aim of decreasing elevated heart rate (HR), we want to establish a hardware-in-the-loop system including this model for the analysis of optimal stimulation patterns of the neurostimulation system. Base model structures are adopted from rabbit SAN cell models available in literature and conveyed with Hodgkin-Huxley-type model equations describing the complex time and voltage dependent activation and deactivation processes of individual ion channels. The resulting model consists of 15 currents which are currently known to be responsible for the generation of the membrane action potential (AP). The model reproduces AP frequencies equivalent to those measured in isolated human SAN cells with a resulting HR of 71.8 bpm. Model validation via simulation of the inhibitory effect of ivabradine showed accordance with experimental results obtained in human studies. Furthermore, we could validate the model in regard to its HR effects upon parasympathetic stimulation with results obtained in a human trial study.
Cross‐linking of Hydroxyl‐terminated Polyols with Triethyleneglycol Diglycidyl Ether: An Alternative to Toxic Isocyanates (2018)

Abstract Isocyanates are highly reactive and toxic substances with severe health effects. Certain diisocyanates are restricted under REACH – The European Regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals. Triethyleneglycol diglycidyl ether (TEGDGE) was used as an alternative to toxic isocyanates for the cross‐linking of hydroxyl‐terminated pre‐polymers at 70 °C. The effect of three curing accelerators was determined while following the reaction kinetics by 1 H‐NMR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Polybutadiene (Poly BD R45HT‐LO) and acrylic ester (HyTemp 4454) successfully cross‐linked in 7–10 days to produce thermally stable networks with low glass transition temperatures, as observed by DSC. Pre‐aging the polybutadiene resin promoted cross‐linking with TEGDGE. Four energetic compositions were then prepared using cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and pentaerythritoltetranitrate (PETN) as fillers, and polybutadiene (Poly BD R45HT‐LO) and acrylic ester (HyTemp 4454) as binders. Both binders successfully cross‐linked with TEGDGE in the presence of RDX and PETN, but only PETN was found to be chemically compatible with the cross‐linked polymers. These results show that TEGDGE is suitable as a replacement for toxic isocyanates for the cross‐linking of hydroxyl‐terminated polyols.
Pharmacokinetics of the individual enantiomers of vigabatrin (gamma‐ vinyl GABA) in epileptic children. (1990)

1. The pharmacokinetics of the enantiomers of vigabatrin were investigated after oral administration of a single 50 mg kg-1 dose of the racemate to two groups of six epileptic children (I: 5 months-2 years, II: 4-14 years). 2. The mean (+/- s.d.) values of maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve of the R(-) enantiomer were significantly higher than those of S(+) vigabatrin in both groups: R(-) Cmax: 21 +/- 6.6 (I)-41.3 +/- 13.9 (II) vs S(+) Cmax: 13.9 +/- 4.5 (I)-23.8 +/- 12.2 (II) mg l-1; R(-) AUC: 106 +/- 28.5 (I)-147 +/- 34 (II) vs S(+) AUC: 90.9 +/- 27.9 (I)-117 +/- 26 (II) mg l-1 h. In group I, the half-life of the R(-) isomer was significantly shorter than that of the S(+) isomer; in group II, the half-lives were comparable. 3. For the R(-) enantiomer the area under the curve, and the elimination half-life increased linearly with age. 4. During chronic administration (50 mg kg-1 vigabatrin racemate twice a day for 4 days), the morning trough plasma drug concentrations did not increase.
Optimization and Evaluation of a High-Performance Liquid Metal CPU Cooling Product (2013)

This paper is dedicated to present theoretical optimization and experimental investigations on a practical liquid metal CPU cooling product. On the basis of a former working prototype developed in the lab, a series of critical parameters were identified and the optimization criterion was established. A schematic thermal resistance model revealed that the electromagnetic pump and fin radiator in the heat transport loop were the key components to determining the output of the system level cooling performance. Then all the critical parameters for the electromagnetic pump and fin radiator were investigated and optimized using related theoretical sub-models. With appropriate industrial design, a practical liquid metal CPU cooling product was fabricated and compared to six typical commercial cooling products. The results demonstrated that the liquid metal product could serve as one of the best CPU cooling devices in the market. Though it was inferior to the best heat pipe product with heating power of below 100 W, it, however, exhibited much better performance when the heating was increased to a level of 400 W or higher, thus ensuring a promising prospect for future high-profile CPUs.
Magnitude and orientation of rotation in exchange reactions A+BC→AB+C (1975)

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A QFD- and concurrent engineering-based outsourced product development methodology for ODM customers (2012)

Although the original design manufacturing (ODM) outsourcing business model has been quite popular among various industries, many ODM customers do not have dedicated product development methodologies for their ODM-outsourced product development. Instead, they use their in-house methodologies that often lead to serious quality issues and schedule delays during the product development process. In order for the ODM outsourcing project to succeed, a dedicated product development methodology is necessary for an ODM customer to develop products with its ODM suppliers. The objective of this article is to present a quality function deployment- and concurrent engineering-based outsourced product development methodology for ODM customers to use in place of their current in-house product development methodologies. Fifteen people from nine Taiwanese electronics companies were interviewed regarding their ODM-outsourced product development process. Findings from these interviews were used to develop the proposed methodology. Three case studies focusing on the implementation of the proposed methodology in successful projects are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Tingle-a suite for monitoring networks (1991)

The Tingle suite consists of three programs that monitor remote hosts on a network, perform user-specified actions in response to changing network conditions, and generate reports related to network performance. The first program, Tingle, sends echo requests to user-specified hosts. Echo replies are captured and used to generate one-line reports regarding the state of the remote hosts. The other two programs of the suite process the output of Tingle. The first, twarn, performs user-specified actions in response to network transitions, such as hosts going up or down. The second, tsum, generates summaries of measurements of network performance, such as echo response time and the ratio of echo replies to echo requests.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Amphiphilic Copolymers for Versatile, Facile, and In Situ Tunable Surface Biofunctionalization (2021)

Precision surface engineering is key to advanced biomaterials. A new platform of PEGylated styrene-maleic acid copolymers for adsorptive surface biofunctionalization is reported. Balanced amphiphilicity renders the copolymers water-soluble but strongly affine for surfaces. Fine-tuning of their molecular architecture provides control over adsorptive anchorage onto specific materials-which is why they are referred to as "anchor polymers" (APs)-and over structural characteristics of the adsorbed layers. Conjugatable with an array of bioactives-including cytokine-complexing glycosaminoglycans, cell-adhesion-mediating peptides and antimicrobials-APs can be applied to customize materials for demanding biotechnologies in uniquely versatile, simple, and robust ways. Moreover, homo- and heterodisplacement of adsorbed APs provide unprecedented means of in situ alteration and renewal of the functionalized surfaces. The related options are exemplified with proof-of-concept experiments of controlled bacterial adhesion, human umbilical vein endothelial cell, and induced pluripotent cell growth on AP-functionalized surfaces.
Biodistribution and clearance of 99mTc-labeled Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide in rats with ischemic acute renal failure. (1996)

Based on the previous demonstration of a renoprotective effect of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides in acute renal failure, experiments were designed to test the distribution and renal accumulation of the peptide. To accomplish this goal, in this study, RGD peptide was radiolabeled and its biodistribution and renal accumulation was determined in rats with ischemic acute renal failure (ARF). 99mTc-RGD with or without 111In-DTPA were injected intravenously in control and ARF rats. Various organs were dissected at different times after injection and subjected to gamma-scintillation counting and autoradiography (ARG). Blood clearance of 99mTc-RGD was rapid, with t1/2 < 10 min, and unchanged in ARF compared with control rats. Kidneys retained the largest portion of the injected dose in both control and ARF rats, as detected using scintillation counting and whole-body ARG (10.56 +/- 1.05% and 10.12 +/- 3.16% injected dose/g wet weight, respectively). Renal ARG revealed a significant increase in binding to the cortex in ARF kidneys, compared with that of control kidneys. Given the differences in renal blood flow and GFR in control and postischemic kidneys, the next series of experiments was performed with two radiopharmaceuticals, 99mTc-RGD and 111In-DTPA. The ratio of 99mTc-RGD:111In-DTPA was increased more than three-fold in ARF kidneys compared with control kidneys (2.7 +/- 0.15 versus 0.8 +/- 0.19, respectively). The results indicate that (1) RGD peptide undergoes a rapid clearance predominantly via the renal route; (2) despite a significant reduction in the renal perfusion, 99mTc-RGD peptide accumulates in the postischemic kidney; (3) this is consistent with the hypothesis on the involvement of RGD-recognizing integrins in the development of tubular obstruction in renal ischemia.
Labellisation UNESCO… et après ? (2021)

Fondée sur une revue de la littérature et sur des entretiens semi-directifs avec des responsables de deux sites suisses, l’urbanisme horloger situé à La Chaux-de-Fonds et au Locle, ainsi que les vignobles en terrasses de Lavaux, cette recherche examine et analyse l’influence d’une inscription au patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO de ces sites une dizaine d’années après leur « labellisation ». Il en ressort que l’impact touristique est limité en termes de fréquentation supplémentaire et que les indicateurs quantitatifs font défaut. En revanche, cette inscription procure plus de fierté aux habitants, plus de visibilité médiatique aux sites concernés et amorce des perspectives de projets de développement territorial.
IL2 triggers a tumor progression process in a melanoma cell line MELP derived from a patient whose metastasis increased in size during IL2/INFalpha biotherapy. (1996)

Human melanomas may express both in vivo and in vitro functional IL-Rs and may be expected to directly respond to injected IL2. This may generate biological situations which may be favourable for the patient, but also for tumor progression. Here, we analyse the latter hypothesis. MELP is a melanoma cell line derived from a patient whose metastasis increased in size during IL2/IFN alpha biotherapy [correction of biotheraphy]. These cells have been characterized in vitro for their phenotype and for their sensitivity to IL2. In vitro MELP cells express an IL2-R alpha(+) beta(+) gamma(-) phenotype and IL2 treatment induces the acquisition of new functional characteristics represented (i) by the increased surface expression of two markers of metastatic evolution (ICAM-1 and CD44); (ii) by the stable induction of the IL2-R gamma with the appearance of functional IL2-R beta complex, which are also recognized by GM-CSF; (iii) by the inhibition of transcription of a regulatory cytokine such as IL6; (iv) by a differential effect of IL6 on CD44 surface expression in MELP cells treated or not with IL2 (MILG cells); (v) by the acquisition of faster growth rates and appearance of piling up and multilayer cellular organization; (vi) by the development of rapidly growing tumors in nude mice. IL2 induces in MELP cells a tumor progression process that could mimic the metastatic evolution observed in vivo during biotherapy. Therefore, MELP phenotype may help to define a subset of patients in which IL2 therapy may trigger unfavourable evolution.
TWO NEW PEDESTRIAN NAVIGATION PATH OPTIONS BASED ON SEMI-INDOOR SPACE (2020)

Abstract. Navigation is very critical for our daily life, especially when we have to go through the unfamiliar areas where the spaces are very complex, such as completely bounded (indoor), partially bounded (semi-indoor and/or semi-outdoor), entirely open (outdoor), or combined. Current navigation systems commonly offer the shortest distance/time path, but it is not always appropriate for some situations. For instance, on a rainy day, a path with as many places that are covered by roofs/shelters is more attractive. However, current navigation systems cannot provide such kinds of navigation paths, which can be explained by that they lack information about such roofed/sheltered-covered spaces. This paper proposes two roofed/sheltered navigation path options by employing semi-indoor spaces in the navigation map: (i) the Most-Top-Covered path (MTC-path) and (ii) path to the Nearest sI-space from departure (NSI-path). A path selection strategy is introduced to help pedestrians in making choices between the two new path options and the traditional shortest path. We demonstrate and validate the research with path planning on two navigation cases. The results show the two path options and the path selection strategy bring in new navigation experience for humans.
Numerical Studies and Potential Applications of the Vertical Array-Differential Target Antenna Coupling (DTAC) Method for Rapid Sensing and Imaging of Subsurface Targets (2015)

Abstract A new electromagnetic geophysical system has been developed that significantly improves target sensing and imaging capabilities compared to conventional measurements. The Differential Target Antenna Coupling (DTAC) method uses at least two frequencies. One frequency is used as a reference signal to establish the null direction in the magnetic field at that frequency, and then a different frequency is used to measure the change in the null at the new frequency. We can also use an arbitrary number of frequencies with just one reference frequency for wide-bandwidth spectral measurements. Using numerical simulations, we have demonstrated six key aspects of the vertical array-DTAC method: 1) Errors in the receiver coil orientation have little effect on the measurements; 2) anomalies caused by variations in the background resistivity have little effect on the measurements; 3) surface interference, e.g., fences, buildings, and vehicles, have little effect on the measurements; 4) high resolution mapping of targets has been demonstrated through a series of model simulations; 5) frequency-domain measurements, or off-time transient measurements, can be used to provide the required information. Current airborne electromagnetic (AEM) technology can be adapted to this method; and 6) the method can be adapted to a variety of rapidly moving survey applications, including near-surface targets (civil engineering, water resource, and environmental restoration) as well as deep targets (mining and other natural-resource exploration).
Semantic annotation and linking of competitive intelligence reports for business clusters (2008)

Competitive intelligence (CI) is a sub-discipline of business intelligence that supports the decision makers in understanding the competitive environment by means of textual reports prepared based on public resources. CI is particularly demanding in the context of larger business clusters. We report on a long-term project featuring large-scale manual semantic annotation of CI reports wrt. business clusters in several industries. The underlying ontologies are the result of collaborative editing by multiple student teams. The results of annotation are finally merged into CI maps that allow easy access to both the original documents and the knowledge structures.
[Endocarditis caused by heart valve prosthesis. Apropos of 35 cases]. (1992)

35 cases of prosthetic valve endocarditis are reported. The diagnostic is based on clinical, echocardiographic, bacteriological and anatomical aspects. Heart failure, neurologic complications, positive culture of prosthesis, Staphylococcus aureus infection and perivalvular abscess are factors of a bad prognosis. The current therapeutic trends associate antibiotic treatment and infected prosthetic valve replacement rather for hemodynamic indications than bacteriological factors. General prognosis has a mortality of 40 p. cent. Prophylaxis of infection, although simple is necessary.
Selectively Doped n-GaInP/GaAs Heterostructures Grown by MOCVD (1986)

We report the first growth of selectively doped n-GaInP/GaAs heterostructures by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using trimethylindium, triethylgallium, phosphine and arsine as source materials. The Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation and the temperature dependence of electron mobility indicate that a two-dimensional electron gas is present at the GaInP/GaAs interface. It is noted that the persistent photoconductivity observed in these heterostructures was very weak. These results suggest potential application of this material system to high electron mobility transistors (HEMT).
Steam Reforming1A list of abbreviations/acronyms used in the text is provided at the end of the chapter. (2008)

Abstract The sections in this article are Introduction Reactions Thermodynamics Applications Industrial Developments The Reforming Process The Tubular Reformer Convective Reformers Reforming Rates and New Reformer Concepts Catalysts Catalyst Activity Non‐Metal Catalysts Kinetics Industrial Catalysts Major Catalyst Problems Sintering Sulfur Poisoning Carbon Formation Catalyst Promotion The Active Site Step Sites Carbon Formation Blockage of Step Sites Geometric and Electronic Effects
Self-Amplified Surface Charging and Partitioning of Ionic Liquids in Nanopores (2017)

Room-temperature ionic liquids in nanopores are important for a wide range of emerging applications---consider electrodes in batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors, for example. Using a coarse-grained model that captures the essential physics, this study finds that nanopores favor adsorption of small ions even without surface attraction, which differs qualitatively from the situation for aqueous electrolyte solutions. Moreover, the imbalanced distribution of cations and anions inside a pore yields a net surface charge, promoting further enrichment of small ions. This self-amplified ion partitioning may open further avenues of research on such systems.
Synthesis of the cyclic heptapeptides axinastatin 2 and axinastatin 3 (1996)

Practical total syntheses of axinastatins 2 2b and 3 2c were completed by employing Fmoc protection for the N-terminal, and tert-butyl ester blocking for the C-terminal, units of the amino acid and peptide intermediates. Generally, diethyl phosphorocyanidate proved effective for formation of the peptide bond, and in the one exception, asparagine, the o-nitrophenyl active ester proved to be useful. For the final cyclization reaction BOP-Cl was found especially effective.
Mechanism of Growth Promoting Activity of Epiregulin in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes (2002)

In spite of lower receptor affinity, epiregulin exhibits a stronger stimulation of DNA synthesis than epidermal growth factor (EGF) in rat hepatocytes. To determine the mechanism of stimulation, we examined the activities of epiregulin on growth stimulation, signal transduction, and mRNA induction of hepatotrophic factors in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Epiregulin stimulated hepatocyte proliferation as efficiently as hepatotrophic factors, including heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha). Epiregulin induced a more prolonged activation of EGF receptor (EGFR) and p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) than EGF. Furthermore, epiregulin up-regulated the mRNAs of TGF-alpha and HB-EGF, and in turn, these growth factors enhanced the expression of epiregulin mRNA. In vivo, increased production of epiregulin was noted in extracts of the remnant liver obtained 24 h after partial hepatectomy, and EGFR phosphorylation by these extracts was partially inhibited by anti-epiregulin antibody. Our results showed a more potent hepatocyte proliferative activity for epiregulin compared with EGF in vitro, which depends on prolonged activation of EGFR and p42/44 MAPK. Our findings suggest that epiregulin may play significant roles in liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy in cooperation with other growth factors.