gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The influence of temperature on #ClimateChange and #GlobalWarming discourses on Twitter (2017)

Research suggests non-experts associate different content with the terms “global warming” and “climate change.” We test this claim with Twitter content using supervised learning software to categorize tweets by topic and explore differences between content using “global warming” and “climate change” between 1 January 2012 and 31 March 2014. Twitter data were combined with temperature records to observe the extent to which temperature was associated with Twitter discussions. We then used two case studies to examine the relationship between extreme temperature events and Twitter content. Our findings underscore the importance of considering climate change communication on social media.
Fibroblast growth factors signaling in bone metastasis (2020)

Many solid tumors metastasize to bone, but only prostate cancer has bone as a single, dominant metastatic site. Recently, the FGF axis has been implicated in cancer progression in some tumors and mounting evidence indicate that it mediates prostate cancer bone metastases. The FGF axis has an important role in bone biology and mediates cell-to-cell communication. Therefore, we discuss here basic concepts of bone biology, FGF signaling axis, and FGF axis function in adult bone, to integrate these concepts in our current understanding of the role of FGF axis in bone metastases.
Alchemical free energy calculations via metadynamics: Application to the theophylline‐RNA aptamer complex (2020)

We propose a computational workflow for robust and accurate prediction of both binding poses and their affinities at early stage in designing drug candidates. Small, rigid ligands with few intramolecular degrees of freedom, for example, fragment-like molecules, have multiple binding poses, even at a single binding site, and their affinities are often close to each other. We explore various structures of ligand binding to a target through metadynamics using a small number of collective variables, followed by reweighting to obtain the atomic coordinates. After identifying each binding pose by cluster analysis, we perform alchemical free energy calculations on each structure to obtain the overall value. We applied this protocol in computing free energy of binding for the theophylline-RNA aptamer complex. Of the six (meta)stable structures found, the most favorable binding structure is consistent with the structure obtained by NMR. The overall free energy of binding reproduces the experimental values very well.
Extraction and purification of molybdenum cofactor from milk xanthine oxidase (1987)

Molybdenum cofactor (mocofactor) is extracted efficiently, free of impurities and in high concentrations, by acid treatment of xanthine oxidase and subsequent incubation of the precipitate with phosphate buffer containing EDTA, molybdate and oxygen. It is suggested that cofactor is bound to the enzyme via hydrophobic forces as well as via an oxygen-sensitive mechanism. Upon extraction, the capability to complement the apo nitrate reductase of Neurospora crassa nit-1 can be conserved only in the total absence of oxygen. Cysteine and glutathione were shown to protect efficiently free mocofactor from oxidation. Two species of active mocofactor, probably a molybdoform and a demolybdoform, could be separated by means of reversed-phase HPLC with a mobile phase of 5 mM sodium citrate at a pH of 6.5. The mode of interaction between either of these species with thiol reagents is discussed.
Role of the Fermentation Process in Off-odorant Formation in White Pepper:  On-site Trial in Thailand (2005)

In white pepper samples, directly taken from a retting batch at a pepper production plant in Thailand, 3-methylindole, 4-methylphenol, 3-methylphenol, and butanoic acid, recently confirmed to be responsible for the characteristic fecal off-odor frequently detected in white pepper powders, were quantified by stable isotope dilution analyses. The results clearly showed that, in particular, 3-methylindole (fecal, swine-manure-like), 4-methylphenol (fecal, horse-like), and butanoic acid (cheese-like) were biochemically formed during retting, thus indicating that fermentation is the crucial step for off-odorant formation during white pepper processing. Model fermentation experiments performed with different manufacturing regimens revealed that white pepper, containing no substantial amounts of these odorants, can be produced from ripe starting material by a short fermentation under water and with frequent exchange of water. The overall aroma of such pepper was superior as compared to the aroma of white pepper produced according to the traditional procedure.
Impact of Variable Field of View in Indoor Visible Light Communications Networks (2019)

We propose a dynamic field of view receiver in a dense network of overhead optical access points. Through analysis, simulation, and experimentation, we demonstrate a 3X improvement in SNR over fixed field of view optical receivers.
ChemInform Abstract: AETHERSPALTUNGEN AN 1‐METHYL‐5‐(2,6‐DIMETHOXYPHENYL)‐CYCLOHEXENEN (1973)

Abstract Verschiedene Ätherspaltungsreagentien werden untersucht, wobei (Ia) mit Methylmagnesiumjodid gespalten und die Carboxylgruppe dimethyliert wird.
Identification of prothymosin alpha (PTMA) as a biomarker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by label-free quantitative proteomics and Quantitative Dot Blot (QDB) (2019)

In this study, label-free quantitative proteomics combined with QDB revealed that PTMA expression was up-regulated in ESCC tissues, and PTMA might be a potential candidate for ESCC. Since Western Blot cannot achieve rapid and high-throughput screening of mass spectrometry results, the emergence of QDB meets this demand and provides an effective method for the identification of biomarkers.
Change of Major Genotype of Enterovirus 71 in Outbreaks of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Taiwan between 1998 and 2000 (2002)

Two outbreaks of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) occurred in Taiwan between 1998 and 2000. Enteroviruses were isolated from a total of 1,892 patients in this laboratory during this period. Of the virus isolates, enterovirus 71 (EV71) was diagnosed in 44.4% of the patients (132 of 297) in 1998, 2% (13 of 646) in 1999, and 20.5% (195 of 949) in 2000. Genetic analyses of the 5'-untranslated and VP1 regions of EV71 isolates by reverse transcription-PCR and sequencing were performed to understand the diversity of EV71 in these outbreaks of HFMD. Most EV71 isolates from the 1998 epidemic belonged to genotype C, while only one-tenth of the isolates were genotype B. Interestingly, all EV71 isolates tested from 1999 to 2000 belonged to genotype B. This study indicated that two genogroups of EV71 capable of inducing severe clinical illness have been circulating in Taiwan. Furthermore, the predominant EV71 genotypes responsible for each of the two major HFMD outbreaks within the 3-year period in Taiwan were different.
Trends in total hospital financial performance under the prospective payment system. (1992)

In this article, the author examines trends in determinants of total hospital facility revenues, expenses, and net profits during the period 1977-89. Measures of change in transaction prices are developed, which enable an analysis of trends in real hospital outputs and total factor productivity. The main source of hospital spending growth in excess of the gross national product is identified as growth in hospital employee compensation.
Towards self-organization of networked medical devices (2011)

Soaring costs and an aging society originate the need for novel technologies in health care sector. Especially telemedicine and AAL systems are often promoted as such. Enabling patients to stay in their domestic environment while reducing costs due to hospital visits seems to be an evaluable opportunity on the one hand but introduces a lot of challenges, like interoperability and security, on the other. Interoperability is the main challenge to put emphasis on, when thinking of networks of medical devices recording patients vital data while acting in a plug-and-play manner. Thus, standards are needed that enable manufacturers to build interoperable medical devices and provide solutions for cost effective and easy to use telemedicine systems. Therefore this paper analyzes the ISO/IEEE11073 PHD standard towards its applicability in such environments, where the focus lies on self-organization and plug-and-play functionality. Furthermore we want to present research done on telemedicine/AAL systems during the SmartSenior project as well as introduce our own ISO/IEEE11073 implementation, which served as a basis for our analysis.
Virally vectored vaccine delivery: medical needs, mechanisms, advantages and challenges (2017)

Vaccines represent one of the most successful chapters in the history of medicine. Over the past decades, the advent of recombinant cDNA technology has enabled the biomedical community to genetically engineer viruses for vaccine delivery purposes. As a starting point, this review evaluates the unmet medical needs, which drive scientists and industry to exploit such fundamentally new technology for human vaccination. The author discusses the molecular functioning, production and safety profile of replication-competent and -deficient viral vector systems, representing two fundamentally distinct classes of "genetic vaccines". Building upon this knowledge, he dissects the immunological mechanisms rendering immune responses to viral vectors qualitatively and quantitatively distinct from those elicited by non-live vaccination approaches. These mechanisms comprise (1) the vectors' innate immune recognition by the host cell, (2) potent priming of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells as a result of dendritic cell targeting and endogenous protein synthesis, (3) conformational antigen display for protective antibody induction as well as (4) prolonged availability of substantial quantities of antigen. Deduced from these features, preferential indications for virally vectored vaccines are discussed, taking into consideration specific medical needs as well as risk-benefit assessments of replicating vector systems. The limitations and challenges in virally vectored vaccination must also be given careful consideration. Pre-existing and vaccination-induced anti-vector immunity can interfere with vaccine immunogenicity and prime-boost vaccination, respectively. Additionally, the requirement for eukaryotic production systems imposes technological as well as regulatory hurdles. Existing strategies to overcome these challenges are outlined. With the recent licensure of the first virally vectored vaccine this review seems timely to herald the introduction of virally vectored vaccines into daily medical practice.
Impact of structural defects upon electron mobility in InSb quantum wells (2011)

The detrimental effects of structural defects, micro-twins (MTs) and threading dislocations (TDs), on electron mobility have been investigated for InSb quantum wells (QWs) at room temperature (RT). The constants that are necessary to calculate the electron-mobility limits of these defects were determined by a least-squares-based method that has an advantage of clear representation of the analytical results in a two-dimensional space. Based on a mathematical consideration, a general method of converting electron-mobility limits into percentage impacts upon the total electron mobility was developed. Percentage-mobility-impact analyses showed that, when InSb QWs grown on on-axis (001) GaAs substrates have a TD density of 8.7 × 108 – 3.2 × 109/cm2, 21–14 and 18–45% of electron-mobility degradation are attributed to MTs and TDs, respectively, at RT. The use of 2° off-axis (001) GaAs substrates reduces MT densities in InSb QWs, resulting in a suppression of the MT mobility impact to 3–2% and a complementary slight increase of the TD mobility impact to 22–51% in the same TD density range. This considerable TD mobility limit indicates that it should be possible to improve RT electron mobility in InSb QWs grown on 2° off-axis (001) GaAs substrates, by means of reducing TD density further (&amp;lt; 8.7 × 108/cm2). Although the mobility impacts due to phonons in InSb QW grown on-axis and 2° off-axis (001) GaAs substrates are 54–36 and 67–42%, respectively, phonon scattering is not a single dominant scattering factor: MTs and TDs have also substantial negative impacts upon RT electron mobilities in InSb QWs.
A Finance-Based Self-Learning Online Platform for Holistic Evaluation of Innovation Projects (2021)

This paper outlines the development and the implementation of an online finance-based self-learning platform to augment the application of finance concepts by non-business undergraduate students undertaking innovation project-based modules. This online self-learning platform has two key objectives; (i) to empower students in multi-disciplinary fields to self-study finance concepts using online learning platforms and to subsequently apply them in project-based modules, (ii) to increase efficiency in teaching finance-based contents with limited resources, especially in this COVID-19 environment with an online mode of learning. This online self-learning platform allows involvement of faculty without any finance background to embed a bite-sized content as supplementary topics for students to self-learn at their own pace. The efficacy of the online self-learning platform was determined through pre and post quizzes to identify student's current and acquired finance knowledge. Quantitative data obtained demonstrate that there is significant improvement in the post-quiz scores; the mean of all the modules improves by 28% for post quiz score, and paired t-test for pre and post quiz scores are significant. These results as well as feedback received from students, demonstrate the effectiveness of the implemented online self-learning platform to augment the application of finance concepts by non-business undergraduate students.
Wire Electrical Discharge Slicing of Solar-Grade Silicon (2014)

A method of slicing solar-grade silicon into thin wafers is greatly demanded because of the rapid increase in the production volume of photovoltaic cells. Wire electrical discharge machining seems to be a suitable slicing method because it is a noncontact process that hardly cracks wafers. However, solar-grade silicon is not so highly conductive that it is difficult to slice it by wire electrical discharge machining. In this paper, we propose a new machining power supply suitable for slicing solar-grade silicon, which causes minimum damage to the machined surface. We also show that photovoltaic cells made from the wafers sliced by wire electrical dischage machining are comparable to conventional cells. We conclude that wire electrical discharge machining can be one of the practical methods of slicing solar-grade silicon.
Correlative Tomography - Extraction of Reliable Information with Adequate Resolution from mm Scale Down to Sub-nm Scale (2014)

Most of the basic quantitative parameters of the 3D microstructure such as volume ratio of different phases, specific interfaces or mean curvatures, could be estimated by applying stochastic geometry and stereology on planar sections using well known metallographic techniques in various scales. If the geometry of the microstructure and the topology are very complex, the tomographical approaches are indispensable, since they open access to image the 3D shape and arrangement of microstructural objects, as well as estimating the total curvature In order to understand how the underlying microstructure is formed during the processing and how it determines the very specific set of properties of today's highperformance materials, it is essential to analyze and quantify all the key features of the microstructures in three dimensions in a relevant scale using correlative tomography.
WEBGA - wearable electromagnetic band-gap antenna (2004)

This work presents a novel wearable electromagnetic bandgap antenna (WEBGA) made out of conventional felt fabric. By introducing an electromagnetic bandgap surface to a conventional textile antenna, the required antenna size can be reduced by more than 30%. In addition, the input-match bandwidth can be increased almost 50%. Fabric antennas have shown their usefulness in various antenna applications. Eventually, this will result in full system integration on textile materials which will replace circuit boards on wearable applications. Such a system is then called system-on-fabric (SoF).
Communication: Lateral phase separation of mixed polymer brushes physisorbed on planar substrates (2011)

Here, we present a new method to model lateral phase separation in mixed polymer brushes physisorbed to a planar surface with mobile grafting points. The model is based on a local mean field theory that combines a Flory-Huggins approximation for interaction enthalpies with an Alexander-de Gennes brush entropy contribution. Using Monte Carlo sampling, the application of these two interactions to a lattice model yields a range of phase behavior consistent with previous theoretical and experimental work. This model will be useful for predicting mixed polymer brush morphologies on planar surfaces and in principle can be extended to other geometries (e.g., spheres) and polymer systems.
In vivo evidence of altered skeletal muscle blood flow in chronic tension‐type headache (2002)

Painful impulses from tender pericranial muscles may play a major role in the pathophysiology of chronic tension-type headache. Firm evidence for peripheral muscle pathology as a cause of muscle pain and chronic headache is still lacking. Using a microdialysis technique, we aimed to estimate in vivo blood flow and interstitial lactate concentrations in the trapezius muscle at rest and during static exercise in patients with chronic tension-type headache and in healthy subjects. We recruited 16 patients with chronic tension-type headache and 17 healthy control subjects. Two microdialysis catheters were inserted into the trapezius muscle (on the non-dominant side) of subjects, and dialysates were collected at rest, 15 and 30 min after the start of static exercise (10% of maximal force) and 15 and 30 min after the exercise was completed. All samples were coded and analysed blind. The primary endpoints were to detect a difference between patients and controls in changes of muscle blood flow and the interstitial lactate concentration from baseline to exercise and post-exercise periods. The increase in muscle blood flow from baseline to exercise and post-exercise periods was significantly lower in patients than controls (P = 0.03). There was no difference in resting blood flow between patients and controls (P = 0.43). Resting interstitial concentration of lactate did not differ between patients (2.51 +/- 0.18 mM; mean +/- standard error of the mean) and controls (2.35 +/- 0.23 mM, P = 0.57). There was no difference in change in interstitial lactate from baseline to exercise and post-exercise periods between patients and controls (P = 0.38). The present study provides in vivo evidence of decreased blood flow in response to static exercise in a tender muscle in patients with chronic tension-type headache. We suggest that, because of increased excitability of neurones in the CNS, the central interpretation and response to normal sensory input are altered in patients with chronic tension-type headache. This may lead to enhanced sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction and thereby a decreased blood flow in response to static exercise.
University Library Information Resource Sharing System based on Network Technology (2009)

Grid technology is one of the emerging technologies building on the internet.Grid being used in university libraries will be the future type of university library.In accordance with the status of China's university libraries,the paper establish a University Library Information Resources Sharing system model which is based on Five hourglass model and OGSA(Open Grid Services Architecture)and Various types of protection mechanisms.
Chemical composition of some Roman glass tesserae discovered in a calidarium located in Northern Italy (2003)

Roman mosaic tesserae discovered during the excavations of a thermal pool located in Northwestern Italy were analysed and their chemical composition was compared to those of similar archaeological finds reported in literature. All the samples are soda-lime silica glasses, sometimes leaded; coloration was imputed to some elements (iron, copper, antimony, lead,..), present in low amount or even in traces, similarly to some later (Byzantine) mosaic glass tesserae. Two compositional features differentiate such glassy materials, namely a high alumina amount and the presence of chlorine, which seems to be related to sodium content, and they could be further investigated as an evidence of a local production.
Simulation of Ammonia Synthesis Reactors (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimulation of Ammonia Synthesis ReactorsChandra P. P. Singh and Deokl N. SarafCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1979, 18, 3, 364–370Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260071a002https://doi.org/10.1021/i260071a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2485Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Total Synthesis of the Tetracyclic Pyridinium Alkaloid epi‐Tetradehydrohalicyclamine B (2022)

Abstract The first total synthesis of a tetracyclic marine pyridinium alkaloid hinged on recent advances in chemoselectivity management: While many classical methods failed to afford the perceptively simple pyridine‐containing core of the target, nickel/iridium photoredox dual catalysis allowed the critical C−C bond to be formed in good yield. Likewise, ring closing alkyne metathesis (RCAM) worked well in the presence of the unhindered pyridine despite the innately Lewis acidic Mo(+6) center of the alkylidyne catalyst. Finally, an iridium catalyzed hydrosilylation was uniquely effective in reducing a tertiary amide without compromising an adjacent pyridine and the lateral double bonds; this transformation is largely without precedent. The second strained macrocycle enveloping the core was closed by intramolecular N‐alkylation with formation of the pyridinium unit; the reaction proceeded site‐ and chemoselectively in the presence of an a priori more basic tertiary amine.