gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticle Targeting to Neurons in a Rat Hippocampal Slice Culture Model (2012)

We have previously shown that CdSe/ZnS core/shell luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals or QDs (quantum dots) coated with PEG [poly(ethylene glycol)]-appended DHLA (dihydrolipoic acid) can bind AcWG(Pal)VKIKKP(9)GGH(6) (Palm1) through the histidine residues. The coating on the QD provides colloidal stability and this peptide complex uniquely allows the QDs to be taken up by cultured cells and readily exit the endosome into the soma. We now show that use of a polyampholyte coating [in which the neutral PEG is replaced by the negatively heterocharged CL4 (compact ligand)], results in the specific targeting of the palmitoylated peptide to neurons in mature rat hippocampal slice cultures. There was no noticeable uptake by astrocytes, oligodendrocytes or microglia (identified by immunocytochemistry), demonstrating neuronal specificity to the overall negatively charged CL4 coating. In addition, EM (electron microscopy) images confirm the endosomal egress ability of the Palm1 peptide by showing a much more disperse cytosolic distribution of the CL4 QDs conjugated to Palm1 compared with CL4 QDs alone. This suggests a novel and robust way of delivering neurotherapeutics to neurons.
Phonon-assisted lasing in ZnO microwires at room temperature (2014)

We report on room temperature phonon-assisted whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing in ZnO microwires. For WGM laser action on the basis of the low gain phonon scattering process high quality resonators with sharp corners and smooth facets are prerequisite. Above the excitation threshold power PTh of typically 100 kW/cm2, the recombination of free excitons under emission of two longitudinal optical phonons provides sufficient gain to overcome all losses in the microresonator and to result in laser oscillation. This threshold behavior is accompanied by a distinct change of the far and near field emission patterns, revealing the WGM related nature of the lasing modes. The spectral evolution as well as the characteristic behavior of the integrated photoluminescence intensity versus the excitation power unambiguously proves laser operation. Polarization-resolved measurements show that the laser emission is linear polarized perpendicular to the microwire axis (TE).
Catalytic Enantioselective Benzylation Directly from Aryl Acetic Acids (2018)

The stability and wide availability of carboxylic acids make them valuable reagents in chemical synthesis. Most transition metal catalyzed processes using carboxylic acid substrates are initiated by a decarboxylation event that generates reactive carbanion or radical intermediates. Developing enantioselective methodologies relying on these principles can be challenging, as highly reactive species tend to react indiscriminately without selectivity. Furthermore, anionic or radical intermediates generated from decarboxylation can be incompatible with protic and electrophilic functionality, or groups that undergo trapping with radicals. We demonstrate that metal-catalyzed enantioselective benzylation reactions of allylic electrophiles can occur directly from aryl acetic acids. The reaction proceeds via a pathway in which decarboxylation is the terminal event, occurring after stereoselective carbon–carbon bond formation. The mechanistic features of the process enable enantioselective benzylation without the generation of a highly basic nucleophile. Thus, the process has broad functional group compatibility that would not be possible employing established protocols.
Extraction of Mn(II) from NaCl solution by NaCl/sodium oleate/n-pentanol/n-heptane microemulsion system (2018)

A microemulsion (ME) consisting of sodium oleate, n-pentanol, n-heptane and sodium chloride (NaCl) solution was used for Mn(II) extraction. The cation exchange mechanism of Mn(II) extraction by sodium oleate (NaOL) was confirmed by the analysis of continuous variation of the NaOL concentration and the infrared spectrum. The effect of the extraction time, the cosurfactant type and volume fraction, the volume ratio of aqueous to ME (R), the initial concentration of Mn(II), temperature, pH and the NaCl concentration in aqueous phase on the extraction yield of Mn(II) were investigated. The extraction percentage of Mn(II) was up to 99% when R = 1. Both the extraction and re-extraction had good extraction efficiency. Therefore, the extraction of Mn(II) by NaCl/sodium oleate/n-pentanol/n-heptane ME is an effective approach.
Pressure-induced Shape-shifting of Helical Bacteria (2022)

Many bacterial species are helical in form, including the widespread pathogen H. pylori. Motivated by recent experiments on H. pylori showing that cell wall synthesis is not uniform, we investigate the possible formation of helical cell shape induced by elastic heterogeneity. We show, experimentally and theoretically, that helical morphogenesis can be produced by pressurizing an elastic cylindrical vessel with helical reinforced lines. The properties of the pressurized helix are highly dependent on the initial helical angle of the reinforced region. We find that steep angles result in crooked helices with, surprisingly, reduced end-to-end distance upon pressurization. This work helps to explain the possible mechanisms for the generation of helical cell morphologies and may inspire the design of novel pressure-controlled helical actuators.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Resistance Exercise Training to Improve Glycemic Control in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes (2002)

PRT as an adjunct to standard of care is feasible and effective in improving glycemic control and some of the abnormalities associated with the metabolic syndrome among high-risk older adults with type 2 diabetes.
Multi-view face detection in videos with online adaptation (2013)

Most learning-based approaches to face detection suffer from the problem of performance degradation on faces that are not covered by training data. However, including all variations of faces in training is practically infeasible due to the scalability restriction of machine learning algorithms and expensive manual labeling. In this work, we focus on face detection in videos, and alleviate this problem by exploiting strong correlation among video frames. We augment a pre-trained multiview face detection with an incrementally derived Gaussian process regressor. The regressor can extract and propagate visual knowledge across frames, and adapts the detector to handle unseen faces. Testing on two datasets, the promising results manifest the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Vitamin C, Collagen, and Cracks in the Plaque (2002)

ost fatal acute myocardial infarctions result from a fracture of the plaque's fibrous cap. We proposed the hypothesis some years ago that the level of collagen in the fibrous cap depends on a dynamic balance of synthesis and degradation. 3]
A Throughput Improved Path Selection Method Based on Throughput Prediction Model and Available Bandwidth for MPTCP (2014)

Nowadays, many network devices have more than one network interface. Meanwhile, many protocols have been proposed to utilize multiple paths simultaneously. MPTCP (Multipath TCP) is a transport layer protocol that transfers data by multiple paths simultaneously, which is designed to improve the throughput and increase robustness of end to end transmission. However, when we use MPTCP, we find that MPTCP can not improve the throughput but even reduce the throughput in some cases. In this paper, we study this issue. Firstly, we study the effects of path characteristics for throughput of MPTCP, and find that path characteristics especially those bad paths have a great impact on the performance of MPTCP. Secondly, we analyze the reasons why the bad path characteristics have a serious impact on throughput of MPTCP, and propose a path selection method based on throughput prediction model and available bandwidth to improve the throughput. Finally, we validate our path selection method by simulations, and the results show that our method can improve the throughput of MPTCP.
Gelation and gel properties of polysaccharides gellan gum and tamarind xyloglucan (2005)

Polysaccharide is used widely in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The main use is to give appropriate texture to the products. Thus the polysaccharides used in such way are called texture modifier. Here two important texture modifiers, gellan and tamarind xyloglucan are introduced. The former one is a microbial polysaccharide with gelling ability. Gelling ability makes gellan valuable since only a few polysaccharides can form a gel. Most polysaccharides do not form a gel by themselves; however, some can form a gel under appropriate conditions. The latter one is a plant polysaccharide which forms a gel under appropriate conditions. Gelation and gel properties of gellan and tamarind xyloglucan are described.
Techniques to Reduce the Soft Error Rate of a High-Performance Microprocessor (2004)

Transient faults due to neutron and alpha particle strikes posea significant obstacle to increasing processor transistor counts infuture technologies. Although fault rates of individual transistorsmay not rise significantly, incorporating more transistors into adevice makes that device more likely to encounter a fault. Hence,maintaining processor error rates at acceptable levels will requireincreasing design effort.This paper proposes two simple approaches to reduce errorrates and evaluates their application to a microprocessor instructionqueue. The first technique reduces the time instructions sit invulnerable storage structures by selectively squashing instructionswhen long delays are encountered. A fault is less likely to cause anerror if the structure it affects does not contain valid instructions.We introduce a new metric, MITF (Mean Instructions To Failure),to capture the trade-off between performance and reliability introducedby this approach.The second technique addresses false detected errors. In theabsence of a fault detection mechanism, such errors would nothave affected the final outcome of a program. For example, a faultaffecting the result of a dynamically dead instruction would notchange the final program output, but could still be flagged by thehardware as an error. To avoid signalling such false errors, wemodify a pipeline's error detection logic to mark affected instructionsand data as possibly incorrect rather than immediately signalingan error. Then, we signal an error only if we determine laterthat the possibly incorrect value could have affected the program'soutput.
Managing Florida's Fracture Critical Bridges - Phases I & II (2016)

Based on the definition given in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Load and Resistance Factor Design (AASHTO LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications, twin steel box-girder bridges are classified as bridges with fracture critical members (FCMs), in which a failure of a tension member is expected to lead to a collapse of the bridge. However, a number of such bridges with either a partial or full-depth crack in one girder have been reported and are still providing service without collapsing. The main objective of this research project is to understand the behavior of twin steel box-girder bridges and to develop methods for evaluating their redundancy level in the event of the fracture of one tension member. The research project included an experimental investigation on a small-scale steel twin box-girder bridge, field testing of a full-scale twin box-girder, analysis of existing research and design data, and an extensive amount of numerical analyses carried out on calibrated 3-D nonlinear finite element models. The results from this study provide in-depth understanding of twin steel box-girder bridge behavior before and after a fracture in the tension member occurs. In addition to the experimentally verified finite element method, the report also proposes a simplified method for evaluating the performance of twin steel box-girder bridges and provides a list of important factors that could control the reserve capacity of the damaged bridge. A result of this project is the development of a comprehensive roadmap for assessing the redundancy of twin steel box-girder bridges in which the elements of the roadmap are identified, and solutions for several of the steps are provided. The development of solutions for remaining steps of the roadmap is proposed for a future research.
Albumin-Bilirubin Grade Analyses of Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab versus Sorafenib in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Phase III IMbrave150 Study (2023)

ALBI grade appeared to be prognostic for outcomes with both atezolizumab + bevacizumab and sorafenib treatment in patients with HCC. Atezolizumab + bevacizumab preserved liver function for a numerically longer duration than sorafenib.
Guidelines on mobile device forensics (2014)

44 U.S.C. 3541 et seq., Public Law (P.L.) 107-347. NIST is responsible for developing information security standards and guidelines, including minimum requirements for Federal information systems, but such standards and guidelines shall not apply to national security systems
Effect of Fluticasone With and Without Salmeterol on Pulmonary Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease A Randomized Trial: a randomized trial (2009)

Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and long-acting beta(2)-agonists (LABAs) are used to treat moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objective: To determine whether long-term ICS therapy, with and without LABAs, reduces inflammation and improves pulmonary function in COPD. Design: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00158847) Setting: 2 university medical centers in The Netherlands. Patients: 114 steroid-naive current or former smokers with moderate to severe COPD. Measurements: Cell counts in bronchial biopsies and sputum (primary outcome); methacholine responsiveness at baseline, 6, and 30 months; and clinical outcomes every 3 months. Intervention: Random assignment by minimization method to receive fluticasone propionate, 500 mu g twice daily, for 6 months (n = 31) or 30 months (n = 26); fluticasone, 500 mu g twice daily, and salmeterol, 50 mu g twice daily, for 30 months (single inhaler; n = 28); or placebo twice daily (n = 29). Results: 101 patients were greater than 70% adherent to therapy. Fluticasone therapy decreased counts of mucosal CD3(+) cells (-55% [95% CI, -74% to -22%]; P = 0.004), CD4(+) cells (-78% [CI, -88% to 60%]; P &lt;0.001), CD8(+) cells (-57% [CI, -77% to -18%]; P = 0.010), and mast cells (-38% [CI, -60% to -2%]; P = 0.039) and reduced hyperresponsiveness (P = 0.036) versus placebo at 6 months, with effects maintained after 30 months. Fluticasone therapy for 30 months reduced mast cell count and increased eosinophil count and percentage of intact epithelium, with accompanying reductions in sputum neutrophil, macrophage, and lymphocyte counts and improvements in FEV1 decline, dyspnea, and quality of life. Reductions in inflammatory cells correlated with clinical improvements. Discontinuing fluticasone therapy at 6 months increased counts of CD3(+) cells (120% [CI, 24% to 289%]; P = 0.007), mast cells (218% [CI, 99% to 407%]; P &lt;0.001), and plasma cells (118% [CI, 9% to 336%]; P = 0.028) and worsened clinical outcome. Adding salmeterol improved FEV1 level. Limitations: The study was not designed to evaluate clinical outcomes. Measurement of primary outcome was not available for 24% of patients at 30 months. Conclusion: ICS therapy decreases inflammation and can attenuate decline in lung function in steroid-naive patients with moderate to severe COPD. Adding LABAs does not enhance these effects.
VLIW compilation techniques in a superscalar environment (1994)

We describe techniques for converting the intermediate code representation of a given program, as generated by a modern compiler, to another representation which produces the same run-time results, but can run faster on a superscalar machine. The algorithms, based on novel parallelization techniques for Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) architectures, find and place together independently executable operations that may be far apart in the original code. i.e., they may be separated by many conditional branches or belong to different iterations of a loop. As a result, the functional units in the superscalar are presented with more work that can proceed in parallel, thus achieving higher performance than the approach of using hardware instruction dispatch techniques alone. While general scheduling techniques improve performance by removing idle pipeline cycles, to further improve performance on a superscalar with only a few functional units requires a reduction in the pathlength. We have designed a set of new algorithms for reducing pathlength and removing stalls due to branches, namely speculative load-store motion out of loops, unspeculation, limited combining, basic block expansion, and prolog tailoring. These algorithms were implemented in a prototype version of the IBM RS/6000 xlc compiler and have shown significant improvement in SPEC integer benchmarks on the IBM POWER machines. Also, we describe a new technique to obtain profiling information with low overhead, and some applications of profiling directed feedback, including scheduling heuristics, code reordering and branch reversal.
Bragg Grating Fiber Optic Based Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) (2001)

Abstract : Fiber optic Bragg grating sensors coupled with a variety of demodulation or readout techniques offer an elegant means to monitor the processing or health of materials in a variety of applications. Laboratory research has demonstrated the feasibility of using fiber optic Bragg grating sensors to determine strain and temperature in structures, monitor the processing of composites, monitor adhesive joints, serve as chemical sensors and corrosion detection sensors, and to detect acoustic emission. Several multiplexing techniques have been demonstrated that allow a number of sensors to be used on a single fiber.
Behavioral self-organization in lifelike agents (1998)

Article Free Access Share on Behavioral self-organization in lifelike agents Authors: Jiming Liu Department of Computing Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Department of Computing Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong KongView Profile , Hong Qin Department of Computing Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Department of Computing Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong KongView Profile Authors Info & Claims AGENTS '98: Proceedings of the second international conference on Autonomous agentsMay 1998 Pages 254–260https://doi.org/10.1145/280765.280841Published:01 May 1998Publication History 2citation650DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads650Last 12 Months6Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Pindolol Augmentation in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Panic Disorder: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial (2000)

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of pindolol as an augmentor of fluoxetine in treatment-resistant panic disorder (PD). Twenty-five outpatients having PD with or without agoraphobia were included. These patients had not responded to two different trials with antidepressants and an 8-week trial of fluoxetine 20 mg/day. Treatment-resistant PD was defined as a less than 20% reduction in score on the Panic Self-Questionnaire (number of attacks per week) (PSQ) and the Clinical Anxiety Scale With Panic Attacks (CAS+PA). These patients continued to receive fluoxetine 20 mg/day and were randomly assigned to additionally receive either pindolol (2.5 mg three times daily) or placebo for the following 4 weeks. Evaluations were performed weekly using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), the CAS+PA, the NIMH Anxiety Scale, the PSQ, and the Clinical Global Impression Scale. The data were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a t-test for independent samples. Patients treated with the combination of pindolol and fluoxetine (N = 13) demonstrated a significant improvement over the patients treated with fluoxetine and placebo on all rating scales, with the exception of HAM-D. The statistical differences were shown using the repeated-measures ANOVA (baseline, week 2, week 4) and also with t-tests from the second week of the trial. These preliminary results demonstrate that pindolol has an augmenting effect on fluoxetine in patients with treatment-resistant PD.
The Antiviral Antibiotic Feglymycin: First Direct‐Methods Solution of a 1000+ Equal‐Atom Structure (2005)

Die doppelhelicale Struktur des antiviral wirkenden Peptids Feglymycin (siehe Bild) erinnert an die von Gramicidin, doch Feglymycin dient wahrscheinlich als Ionentransporter und nicht als Membrankanal. Die Verbindung enthält mehr als 1000 unabhängige Atome und ist damit die größte „Equal-Atom“-Struktur, die mit direkten Ab-initio-Methoden gelöst wurde.
Internationaliseringsprocessen - en fallstudie av små innovativa företag (2002)

Uppsatsens huvudsakliga tema är internationaliseringsprocessen för små innovativa företag. Vårt syfte har varit att undersöka huruvida de evolutionistiska modellerna kan förklara internationaliseringsmönstret hos små innovativa företag eller om det är andra faktorer som styr. Några av de teorier vi behandlar är uppsalamodellen och nätverksmodellen samt den så kallade born global teorin. Vi vill med vår studie komma fram till om den stegvisa internationaliseringen, som uppsalamodellen förespråkar, även kan förklara de innovativa företagens internationaliseringsprocess. Den huvudsakliga empirin har vi hämtat från fallstudier med tre små innovativa företag där vi närmare granskat dess olika internationaliseringsprocesser. Våra fallföretag utgörs av tjänsteföretaget Q-labs och de utvecklingsinriktade företagen Anoto AB och Biogaia AB. Resultatet vi har kommit fram till är att de innovativa företag skiljer sig från det traditionella tillvägagångssättet. Här kännetecknas det mer av en tidig samt snabb internationalisering där de innovativa företagen snarare söker sig direkt ut på internationella marknader än att de väntar på att hemmamarknaden först ska mättas. Det vill säga företagen ser den globala marknaden som sin hemmamarknad.