gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Operating system data structures for shared memory mimd machines with fetch-and-add (1988)

Ideally, procedures and data structures on a shared-memory MIMD machine should be serialization-free and concurrently accessible to avoid (potential) performance-limiting bottlenecks. The fetch-and-add coordination primitive, in conjunction with interconnection networks, has been proposed as a means for achieving this goal. The first is essentially an indivisible add-to-memory and the second combines simultaneous requests to the same memory location.
In this thesis we address serialization-free memory and process management for a shared-memory MIMD machine with fetch-and-add and a combining network. To meet this goal we adopt a self-service paradigm for the operating system that permits each processing element (PE) to service its own requests (thereby avoiding central server bottlenecks). The success of this approach depends upon the use of concurrently accessible data structures to hold data shared among the PEs.
We begin by reviewing existing fetch-and-add based queue and multiqueue (a compressed queue) implementations that support concurrent queue insertion and deletion. We then extend these implementations to include a new operations (e.g., the removal of an interior queue item) and new data structure representations (e.g., linked lists).
Parallel memory allocation algorithms, many based on the modified queue and multiqueue data structures, are then given. These algorithms include parallel analogs to a number of existing serial algorithms such as Knuth's boundary tag method and the binary buddy system.
Next, we define a set of primitives that permit various task activities, such as creation and scheduling, to be done in parallel. Task-switching readers/writers and event primitives are given as well. In the readers/writers implementations, reader activity is fully parallel in the absence of writers. An important feature of both the readers/writers and event implementations is that tasks waiting for a resource can be resumed in parallel by multiple PEs.
We then demonstrate how high-level parallel programming constructs (e.g., parallel loops) may be implemented via the task primitives and the queue and multiqueue data structures.
Finally, we prove that one of the readers/writers implementations satisfies certain correctness criteria including freedom from deadlock and the mutual exclusion of readers and writers.
Study of optical fibers strain-temperature sensitivities using hybrid Brillouin-Rayleigh system (2013)

In this paper, the most recent progress as well as challenges of distributed optical fiber sensing (DOFS) in industrial applications is discussed. Compared to the vast market of sensors used to measure strain or temperature, the success of distributed optical fiber sensing (DOFS) at the industrial level is very limited, at best. One of the reasons for this lack of the wider acceptance is the mismatch between the commercially available systems and actual industrial requirements, especially for the spatial resolution and precision. These requirements are organized and clarified in the paper. It also describes the hybrid Brillouin-Rayleigh system, which exhibits capabilities surpassing those of strain gauges. The principles of the system are illustrated considering the fiber calibration methodology. Formulas required for determining strain, temperature, and hydro-pressure are derived and discussed. Finally, the examples of applications are presented.
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Affects Vasculature Development in the Neonatal Brain (2012)

Prenatal alcohol exposure affects cortical angiogenesis both in mice and in pFAS/FAS patients, suggesting that vascular defects contribute to alcohol-induced brain abnormalities.
Structure‐Guided Design of Thiazolidine Derivatives as Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pantothenate Synthetase Inhibitors (2014)

The pantothenate biosynthetic pathway is essential for the persistent growth and virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and one of the enzymes in the pathway, pantothenate synthetase (PS, EC: 6.3.2.1), encoded by the panC gene, has become an appropriate target for new therapeutics to treat tuberculosis. Herein, we report nanomolar thiazolidine inhibitors of Mtb PS developed by a rational inhibitor design approach. The thiazolidine compounds were discovered by using energy-based pharmacophore modelling and subsequent in vitro screening, which resulted in compounds with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of (1.12 ± 0.12) μM. These compounds were subsequently optimised by a combination of modelling and synthetic chemistry. Hit expansion of the lead by chemical synthesis led to an improved inhibitor with an IC50 value of 350 nM and an Mtb minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.55 μM. Some of these compounds also showed good activity against dormant Mtb cells.
Oxidative Stress in Shiga Toxin Production by Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (2015)

Virulence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains depends on production of Shiga toxins. These toxins are encoded in genomes of lambdoid bacteriophages (Shiga toxin-converting phages), present in EHEC cells as prophages. The genes coding for Shiga toxins are silent in lysogenic bacteria, and prophage induction is necessary for their efficient expression and toxin production. Under laboratory conditions, treatment with UV light or antibiotics interfering with DNA replication are commonly used to induce lambdoid prophages. Since such conditions are unlikely to occur in human intestine, various research groups searched for other factors or agents that might induce Shiga toxin-converting prophages. Among other conditions, it was reported that treatment with H2O2 caused induction of these prophages, though with efficiency significantly lower relative to UV-irradiation or mitomycin C treatment. A molecular mechanism of this phenomenon has been proposed. It appears that the oxidative stress represents natural conditions provoking induction of Shiga toxin-converting prophages as a consequence of H2O2 excretion by either neutrophils in infected humans or protist predators outside human body. Finally, the recently proposed biological role of Shiga toxin production is described in this paper, and the "bacterial altruism" and "Trojan Horse" hypotheses, which are connected to the oxidative stress, are discussed.
Neural Style Transfer: A Review (2017)

The seminal work of Gatys et al. demonstrated the power of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in creating artistic imagery by separating and recombining image content and style. This process of using CNNs to render a content image in different styles is referred to as Neural Style Transfer (NST). Since then, NST has become a trending topic both in academic literature and industrial applications. It is receiving increasing attention and a variety of approaches are proposed to either improve or extend the original NST algorithm. In this paper, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current progress towards NST. We first propose a taxonomy of current algorithms in the field of NST. Then, we present several evaluation methods and compare different NST algorithms both qualitatively and quantitatively. The review concludes with a discussion of various applications of NST and open problems for future research. A list of papers discussed in this review, corresponding codes, pre-trained models and more comparison results are publicly available at https://github.com/ycjing/Neural-Style-Transfer-Papers.
Modeling Java Threads in UML (1998)

Modern programming languages such as Java facilitate the use of concurrent threads of control within computer applications. Considering concurrency is an important prerequisite for the adequate realization of object-oriented ideas, since real world objects usually operate in parallel. This brings up the requirement to be able to express concurrency issues already in design models, which precede implementation activities. The paper examines the possibilities of modeling Java threads using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). UML is the official industry standard for object-oriented modeling as defined by the Object Management Group (OMG).
Comparative Study of Dezincification Tests (1973)

The paper describes a comparative investigation of tests for determining the propensity to dezincification of brass alloys. Eleven different alloys were tested by seven different dezincification tests, six of which have previously been used and one proposed by the authors. The results are compared, and their relation to practical conditions is discussed, in order to assess their applicability as a basis for the approval of dezincification-resistant brass alloys for tap water fittings.
Focused-ultrasound mediated anti-alpha-synuclein antibody delivery for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (2017)

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with the selective death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). While the specific cause of the neuronal loss remains elusive, the abnormal accumulation of alpha synuclein (α-syn), a major constituent of Lewy bodies, is considered to play a central role in the pathology of PD. Previous studies have shown the potential of immunotherapy with antibodies against α-syn, but such treatments remain ineffective due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which hinders most therapeutic agents to diffuse to the brain parenchyma. Therefore, in this study, we used focused ultrasound (FUS) in conjunction with microbubbles to transiently and noninvasively open the BBB and deliver anti-α-syn monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to the brains of transgenic PD mouse models. Preliminary histological findings demonstrate that the FUS promotes the delivery of anti-α-syn mAb to the transgenic mice overexpressing the human A53T or A30P α-synuclein. We hypothesize that weekly FUS treatments with mAb will help ameliorate histopathological deficits such as alpha-synuclein and Lewy bodies represented in these mouse models of PD. Ongoing work aims to explore the potential of FUS-mediated drug delivery to achieve both neuroprotection and neurorestoration for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
The Quantum and Classical Complexity of Translationally Invariant Tiling and Hamiltonian Problems (2009)

We study the complexity of a class of problems involving satisfying constraints which remain the same under translations in one or more spatial directions. In this paper, we show hardness of a classical tiling problem on an (N x N) 2-dimensional grid and a quantum problem involving finding the ground state energy of a 1-dimensional quantum system of N particles. In both cases, the only input is N, provided in binary. We show that the classical problem is NEXP-complete and the quantum problem is QMAEXP-complete. Thus, an algorithm for these problems that runs in time polynomial in N (exponential in the input size) would imply EXP = NEXP or BQEXP = QMAEXP, respectively. Although tiling in general is already known to be NEXP-complete, to our knowledge, all previous reductions require that either the set of tiles and their constraints or some varying boundary conditions be given as part of the input. In the problem considered here, these are fixed, constant-sized parameters of the problem. Instead, the problem instance is encoded solely in the size of the system.
Récepteur de type “wake-up” radio à identification par empreinte fréquentielle (2016)

National audience
Effects of a Low Manganese Diet on Certain Ovine Characteristics (1968)

Four sets of twin ewe lambs were employed in an experiment so that one member of each twin was fed a control purified diet and the other an equal amount of the diet without manganese. By the 12th week of the experiment lambs on the low manganese diet showed clinical symptoms of joint pains, reluctance to move and a tendency to “rabbit hop” when forced. After 22 wk. lambs receiving the low manganese diet exhibited reduced wool manganese levels while control lambs showed increased manganese levels. Control lambs had tibias that were longer, stronger and contained higher ash, calcium and manganese levels. Control lambs also had higher serum alkaline phosphatase values. The heart and liver but not kidney or skeletal muscle of control lambs also had higher manganese levels.
A reconfigurable data path processor (2002)

A configurable data path processor is presented which can be modified to optimize performance. FPGA, PLA and PAL devices provide a great amount of flexibility to realize arbitrary control functions. The new processor is specifically designed for arbitrary data path operations and can be dynamically reconfigured.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Effect of biogas generation on radon emissions from landfills receiving radium-bearing waste from shale gas development (2012)

Increased development of hydrocarbons from organic-rich shale formations has raised public concern that wastes from these activities containing naturally occurring radioactive materials, particularly radium, may be disposed in municipal solid waste landfills and endanger public health by releasing radon to the atmosphere. This paper analyses the processes by which radon may be emitted from a landfill to the atmosphere. The analyses indicate that landfill gas generation can significantly increase radon emissions, but that the actual level of radon emissions depend on the place of the waste, construction of the landfill cover, and nature of the landfill gas control system.
Competing Schedulers (2010)

Previous work on machine scheduling has considered the case of agents who control the scheduled jobs and attempt to minimize their own completion time. We argue that in cloud and grid computing settings, different machines cannot be considered to be fully cooperative as they may belong to competing economic entities, and that agents can easily move their jobs between competing providers. We therefore consider a setting in which the machines are also controlled by selfish agents, and attempt to maximize their own gains by strategically selecting their scheduling policy. We analyze the equilibria that arise due to competition in this 2-sided setting. In particular, not only do we require that the jobs will be in equilibrium with one another, but also that the schedulers' policies will be in equilibrium. We also consider different mixtures of classic deterministic scheduling policies and random scheduling policies.
An improved time-slot assignment algorithm for TDM hierarchical switching systems (1993)

It is shown that any hierarchical switching system can be modeled by a special class of flow networks called unit networks. Using the results available for finding maximum flow through a unit network, a time-slot assignment (TSA) algorithm that runs in O(min(L,M/sup 2/)*min(N, square root M)*M/sup 2/) time is presented. This is an O(max(M/N, square root M)) improvement over the TSA algorithm proposed by M.A. Bonucelli (1989).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Numerical Investigation of Temperature Field During Sintering of Bioceramic Nanoparticles by Pulse Lasers (2008)

Traditional numerical study of the temperature field of laser thermal processing is based on two assumptions: 1. heat source is a surface heat flux, and 2. uniform material properties. This method is not accurate when it comes to the laser sintering of nanoparticle integrated bioceramics coating with certain porosity. In this paper, Heat transfer (HT) model and electromagnetic (EM) model is coupled to investigate the temperature field of bioceramics nanoparticles. The heat source calculated from EM field is simultaneously input into the HT model to calculate the temperature field of the nanoparticle assembly. The interaction between the nanoparticles in the EM field is analyzed and its influence to the optical penetration depth of laser is discussed. The effects of laser parameter, including wavelength, pulse energy, pulse width, and mixing ratio of nanoparticles are also investigated.
Preliminary Evaluation of the Single-Tree, Huanglongbing Find in California (2014)

Huanglongbing (HLB, citrus greening) associated with ‘Candidatus Liberibacter’ species is a widespread devastating citrus disease not previously reported in California (CA). In March 2012, ‘C. Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas) was detected from an Asian citrus psyllid (ACP, Diaphorina citri) sample from Los Angeles, CA at the Jerry Dimitman Laboratory of the Citrus Research Board. Subsequent citrus plant surveys within a 400m area of the CLas-positive ACP sample performed by the California Department of Food and Agriculture identified an infected multi-grafted citrus tree at a residence in Los Angeles, CA. The CLas-positive tree was removed and nucleic acids from different plant tissues (i.e. roots, trunk, stems, and leaves) were extracted and distributed to several federal, state, and university laboratories nationwide for preliminary evaluation.&nbsp; Labs attempted to identify the species and graft types of the infected citrus, study the genetic characteristics and genome diversity of the detected bacterium, as well as test for other graft-transmissible citrus pathogens (GTCP). Preliminary data suggested that one type of lemon was the original rootstock that received over 20 citrus grafts. CLas DNA population analysis suggested a possible single Asian origin. Preliminary tests indicated the possible presence of other GTCP. Further evaluations on the CA CLas-positive find are ongoing.
PET and SPECT Imaging of the NMDA Receptor System: An Overview of Radiotracer Development (2010)

Imaging the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in the living human brain by positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) would provide useful information on the role of these receptors in ischemia and in various neurological disorders such as degenerative diseases, epilepsy or schizophrenia. To assess NMDAR radiotracer development and to propose perspectives, we overviewed the PET and SPECT candidate radioligands developed until now. Labelled molecules of interest were classified in three groups according to their binding site: intrachannel pore site blockers, glycine site inhibitors and NR2B selective subunit antagonists.
The LUE-200 accelerator at the IREN facility: Current status and development (2014)

The general scheme and current status of an electron linear accelerator with an S-band travelling wave (f = 2856 MHz) accelerating structure—a driver for a pulsed neutron source (the Intense Resonance Neutron source (IREN)) at the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research—are presented. The parameters of the accelerating system and the measured parameters of the electron beam—pulse-beam current, duration of the current pulse, repetition rate, electron-energy spectrum, and loading characteristics of the accelerating structure—are given. The beginning of the implementation of the project of the second stage of the IREN facility, which forms the basis for the development of the accelerator aimed at increasing its beam power, is reported. Technical solutions underlying the modernization of the accelerator’s electrophysical systems are discussed: accelerating system, RF power supplies, and modulators.
Systemic Absorption of Catechins after Intraruminal or Intraduodenal Application of a Green Tea Extract in Cows (2016)

Green tea catechins have various potential health benefits in humans including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and hepato-protective effects. If present in the circulation, they might have similar effects in ruminants, which are exposed to oxidative stress and fatty liver disease such as dairy cows during the periparturient phase. However, the bioavailability of a substance is a prerequisite for any post absorptive effect in vivo. This study aimed to investigate the appearance of catechins from a green tea extract (GTE) in cattle plasma after intraruminal and intraduodenal administration because absorption is of major importance regarding the bioavailability of catechins. The studies were performed in 5 rumen-fistulated non-lactating heifers and 6 duodenally fistulated lactating dairy cows, respectively, equipped with indwelling catheters placed in a jugular vein. The GTE was applied intraruminally (10 and 50 mg/kg BW, heifers) or duodenally (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg BW, dairy cows) in a cross-over design with a 2 d washout period between different dosages. Blood samples were drawn following the GTE administration at various pre-defined time intervals. The concentration of the major GTE catechins (gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin-gallate, epicatechin-gallate) in plasma samples were analysed by HPLC with electrochemical detection. Irrespective of the dose, almost none of the catechins originally contained in the GTE were detected in plasma samples after intraruminal application. In contrast, intraduodenal administration of GTE resulted in increased plasma concentrations of epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, we can conclude that intraruminally or orally administered catechins are intensively metabolized by ruminal microorganisms.
743 A Guideline of accuracy improvement by changing shape of measurement point in inverse-acoustic analysis (2010)

This paper describes guideline of accuracy improvement in inverse-acoustic analysis (IAA). IAA is a technique for identifying the vibration with a high contribution of the sound radiation. However, the identification result has the possibility that the result of good accuracy is not obtained. One reason is the shape of measurement points of the acoustic pressure decreases the result of accuracy. Therefore, this study focused on the shape of measurement points of the acoustic pressure. To reveal influences of shape of measurement points in identification, sound source is identified from the measured sound pressure with different shape of measurement points.
Saccharification of cellulosic biomass using sulfonated mesoporous carbon‐based catalysts (2015)

A series of sulfonated mesoporous carbon‐based catalysts with intact silica template (MC) were prepared through incomplete carbonization of sucrose followed by sulfonation. The MC catalysts were characterized by use of Fourier Transform‐infrared spectra, N 2 adsorption–desorption, and titration method. The effects of preparation conditions such as carbonization temperature, amount of carbon precursor, sulfonation time, and temperature on the structural and acidic properties of the catalysts were investigated. Preparation conditions such as amount of carbon precursor, sulfonation time, and temperature significantly influenced the surface area and acidic properties of MC catalysts. The activity of prepared catalysts in saccharification was tested using cellulose and rice straw as substrates and high saccharification yield can be obtained using these catalysts. In saccharification of cellulose without pretreatment, the highest yield of 25.2% of C6 monosaccharide can be attained after reaction at 180°C for 3 h. In saccharification of rice straw, the total monosaccharide yield of 43.4% can be achieved after reaction at 150°C for 1 h. In addition, it was found that despite the versatility of mesoporous structure in varied chemical reactions has been confirmed, acid amount was the most important property that determined the effectivity of cellulose saccharification. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 574–581, 2016