gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rigid soles improve balance in beam walking, but improvements do not persist with bare feet (2020)

Maintaining balance while walking on a narrow beam is a challenging motor task. One important factor is that the foot's ability to exert torque on the support surface is limited by the beam width. Still, the feet serve as a critical interface between the body and the external environment, and it is unclear how the mechanical properties of the feet affect balance. This study examined how constraining the motion of the foot joints with rigid soles influenced balance performance when walking on a beam. We recorded whole-body kinematics of subjects with varying skill levels as they walked on a narrow beam with and without wearing flat, rigid soles on their feet. We computed changes in whole-body motion and angular momentum across the two conditions. Results showed that walking with rigid soles improved balance performance in both expert and novice subjects, but that improvements in balance performance with rigid soles did not affect or transfer to subsequent task performance with bare feet. The absence of any aftereffects suggested that the improved balance performance resulting from constraining the foot joints by a rigid sole was the result of a mechanical effect rather than a change in neural control. Although wearing rigid soles can be used to assist balance, there appears to be limited benefit for training or rehabilitation of balance ability.
ENTIRE and GOBLET promote leaflet development in tomato by modulating auxin response (2012)

Compound leaves produce leaflets in a highly controlled yet flexible pattern. Here, we investigate the interaction between auxin, the putative auxin response inhibitor ENTIRE (E, SlIAA9) and the CUC transcription factor GOBLET (GOB) in compound-leaf development in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Auxin maxima, monitored by the auxin response sensor DR5, marked and preceded leaflet and lobe initiation. The DR5 signal increased, but maxima were partially retained in response to the external or internal elevation of auxin levels. E directly interacted with the auxin receptors SlTIR1 and SlAFB6. Furthermore, E was stabilized by a mutation in domain II of the protein and by the inhibition of auxin or proteasome activity, implying that E is subjected to auxin-mediated degradation. In e mutants the DR5 signal expanded to include the complete leaf margin, and leaf-specific overexpression of a stabilized form of E inhibited the DR5 signal and lamina expansion. Genetic manipulation of GOB activity altered the distribution of the DR5 signal, and the inhibition of auxin transport or activity suppressed the GOB overexpression phenotype, suggesting that auxin mediates GOB-regulated leaf patterning. Whereas leaves of single e or gob mutants developed only primary leaflets, the downregulation of both E and GOB resulted in the complete abolishment of leaflet initiation, and in a strong DR5 signal throughout the leaf margin. These results suggest that E and GOB modulate auxin response and leaflet morphogenesis via partly redundant pathways, and that proper leaflet initiation and separation requires distinct boundaries between regions of lamina growth and adjacent regions in which growth is inhibited.
Smooth Nonparametric Estimation of Mean Residual Life (1999)

In this paper we propose a smooth nonparametric estimator of mean residual life based on a complete sample. This estimator is constructed using the maximum likelihood estimate of cumulative failure rate in the class of distributions which have piecewise linear failure rate functions between each pair of observations. We derive the asymptotic properties of our estimator. Examples using simulated data are used to illustrate the performance of this estimation.
Enhydrazine, 1. Symmetrische N‐Methyl‐pyrrole über Enhydrazine (1970)

Abstract Einige cyclische Ketone werden mit N . N ′‐Dimethyl‐hydrazin in einer Fischer ‐analogen Reaktion unter milder Säurekatalyse zu symmetrischen N ‐Methyl‐pyrrolen umgesetzt. Die als Zwischenstufen postulierten Bis‐en‐hydrazine können im Fall des β‐Tetralons und des Phenyl‐acetaldehyds beobachtet werden.
Evaluation of Zinc-α-2-Glycoprotein and Proteasome Subunit β-Type 6 Expression in Prostate Cancer Using Tissue Microarray Technology (2010)

Prostate cancer (CaP) is a significant cause of illness and death in males. Current detection strategies do not reliably detect the disease at an early stage and cannot distinguish aggressive versus nonaggressive CaP leading to potential overtreatment of the disease and associated morbidity. Zinc-α-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) and proteasome subunit β-Type 6 (PSMB-6) were found to be up-regulated in the serum of CaP patients with higher grade tumors after 2-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis analysis. The aim of this study was to investigate if ZAG and PSMB-6 were also overexpressed in prostatic tumor tissue of CaP patients. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on CaP tissue microarrays with samples from 199 patients. Confirmatory gene expression profiling for ZAG and PSMB-6 were performed on 4 cases using Laser Capture Microdissection and TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction. ZAG expression in CaP epithelial cells was inversely associated with Gleason grade (benign prostatic hyperplasia>G3>G4/G5). PSMB-6 was not expressed in either tumor or benign epithelium. However, strong PSMB-6 expression was noted in stromal and inflammatory cells. Our results indicate ZAG as a possible predictive marker of Gleason grade. The inverse association between grade and tissue expression with a rising serum protein level is similar to that seen with prostate-specific antigen. In addition, the results for both ZAG and PSMB-6 highlight the challenges in trying to associate the protein levels in serum with tissue expression.
NIF Large Optics Metrology Software: Description and Algorithms (2002)

Several software packages have been developed for use by NIF large optics vendors during production of NIF optics. These packages allow specific comparison of the interferometer measurements done on optics against the wavefront requirements for those optics, as given on relevant drawings. This document outlines the various packages, and their specific applications, and describes in some detail the calculational algorithms used. It is intended as the primary reference document for the codes (aside from the source codes themselves). In order to ensure good laser beam quality, NIF requires that all large optics be measured with an interferometer to monitor how that optic will affect beam wavefront quality and focusability. Various specifications for transmitted wavefront (TWF) and reflected wavefront (RWF) for the full-aperture parts, and for various sub-apertures, are given on the large optics drawings. For reference, a summary of the various specifications for the NIF large optics is given in Figure 1. Each large optic in production will be measured against some of these specifications. Other specifications will be monitored in a 'process validation' fashion by measuring a representative sample of parts to assure the process is yielding parts which pass specification. This document will focus on the specifications requiring measurements on every part. This document will not go into detail concerning the procedures and limitations of the measurements themselves.
Process design of wastewater treatment complex ecopond under green belt. (2010)

The complex ecopond was designed as wastewater treatment process to achieve the goal of diversification and sustainability of urban and rural wastewater treatment. The complex ecopond mainly was composed of coagulating sedimentation tank,sludge thickening tank,rapid infiltration wetlands,subsurface flow wetlands and surface flow wetlands in Maojiayu Longevity Resort of Ji County,Tianjin. Starting from the process design and key parameters of the pond,it creatively combined constructed wetlands with green belt to reduce the area of ecological pond,based on settling problem of system clogging,frost and degreasing. Results showed that the effluent can satisfy Grade I of discharge standard for municipal wastewater treatment plant of GB8978-2002 as well as standard of irrigation and urban miscellaneous water,with removal of various pollutants as SS 87.5%～96.7%,BOD5 93.3%,COD 61.5%～84.8%,TP 50%～91.7%,NH3-N up to the highest rate of 87.5%. The design which was the organic unity of wastewater treatment,landscaping and land saving could be used for the government,enterprise and residential districts.
Zero-Inflated Poisson Distribution of Sedimented Cells in Multi-Layered Microwell Arrays (2021)

Open arrays of micro-scale wells (microwells; MW) are a popular platform for trapping biological cells, as they are gentler than other methods and their openness circumvents several problems associated with enclosed alternatives. This paper presents a dual-layered polymeric film featuring an imprinted MW array (MWA) and various complimentary shallower features that streamline both optical microscopy and alignment with an immunobiosensing (IBS) slide. The dual-layered MWA design presented in this paper represents a substantial improvement over our previous designs. The most substantial contribution of this paper lies with its statistical analysis of the trapped cell count datasets obtained from experiments using this refined MWA design. This analysis confirms experimentally that the distribution of cells into a MWA following sedimentation is indeed naturally Poisson distributed. Moreover, this analysis also shows that a zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) distribution provides a superior fit, by incorporating an additional variable quantifying dataset sparsity. Furthermore, it is shown that maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) for the parameters of these Poisson fits are superior to method of moments-based alternatives. This paper should prove useful for those seeking to develop a MWA with which to trap cells via sedimentation, and to mathematically describe this trapping process.
Synthesis of part of a mouse immunoglobulin light chain in a bacterial clone (1980)

We have cloned double stranded cDNA sequences encoding a mouse immunoglobulin light chain (L-321) into the PstI site of the beta-lactamase gene of plasmid pBR322 by the oligo (dG)-oligo (dC) tailing procedure. Escherichia coli X1776 transformed by the recombinant plasmids were screened for the expression of L-321 antigenic determinants by a newly developed in situ radio-immunoassay. One out of seven transformants screened was found to synthesize an L-chain like protein. Each bacterial cell produces about 550 molecules of the L-chain sequence. Preferential segregation of the L-chain sequence to the periplasmic space suggest covalent attachment of the L-chain sequence to the N-terminal portion of beta-lactamase. Restriction mapping of the plasmid DNA isolated from the positive clone indicated the presence of a DNA sequence coding for the entire constant region and extending into the variable region for a length corresponding to about 40 amino acid residues. The orientation of the cloned cDNA with respect to the plasmid DNA is compatible with the formation of a fused beta-lactamase-L-321 peptide.
Tyrosyl free radical formation in the small subunit of mouse ribonucleotide reductase. (1990)

Each R2 subunit of mammalian ribonucleotide reductase contains a pair of high spin ferric ions and a tyrosyl free radical essential for activity. To study the mechanism of tyrosyl radical formation, substoichiometric amounts of Fe(II) were added to recombinant mouse R2 apoprotein under strictly anaerobic conditions and then the solution was exposed to air. Low temperature EPR spectroscopy showed that the signal from the generated tyrosyl free radical correlated well with the quantity of the Fe(II) added with a stoichiometry of 3 Fe(II) needed to produce 1 tyrosyl radical: 3 Fe(II) + P + O2 + Tyr-OH + H+----Fe(III)O2-Fe(III)-P + H2O. + Tyr-O. + Fe(III), where P is an iron-binding site of protein R2 and Tyr-OH is the active tyrosyl residue. The O-O bond of a postulated intermediate O2(2-)-Fe(III)2-P state is cleaved by the extra electron provided by Fe(II) leading to formation of OH., which in turn reacts with Tyr-OH to give Tyr-O.. In the presence of ascorbate, added to reduce the monomeric Fe(III) formed, 80% of the Fe(II) added produced a radical. The results strongly indicate that each dimeric Fe(III) center during its formation can generate a tyrosyl-free radical and that iron binding to R2 apoprotein is highly cooperative.
Cyclosporine and gingival overgrowth (1987)

A case of cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth is presented. Overgrown and inflamed gingivae were noted at several sites in the mouth of a patient taking cyclosporine following a renal transplant. These were associated with areas adjacent to heavy plaque and calculus deposits on the teeth. Histological examination of the overgrown tissues revealed fibro-epithelial changes characterized by elongated rete pegs, myxomatous degeneration of the connective tissue associated with dense infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes. The fibroblasts from normal and overgrown sites were studied in vitro. Fibroblasts from the overgrown tissue proliferated at a slower rate and produced slightly less protein than the cells from normal, healthy gingival sites. These features reflect a site-specific alteration in fibroblast activity and indicate that the lesion is related to local factors exacerbated by cyclosporine therapy.
Report on the First Workshop on Linking and Contextualizing Publications and Datasets (2014)

This document reports on the goal of the first workshop on Linking and Contextualizing Publications and Datasets (LCPD).That goal was to provide researchers and practitioners in the fields of Digital Library, e-Science, and e-Research with a forum where they can constructively explore foundational, organizational and systemic challenges in contexts having publishing, interlinking, preservation, discovery, access, and reuse of publications and datasets.
Phage Endolysins with Broad Antimicrobial Activity Against Enterococcus faecalis Clinical Strains (2012)

Increasing antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens has drawn the attention to the potential use of bacteriophage endolysins as alternative antibacterial agents. Here we have identified, characterized, and studied the lytic potential of two endolysins, Lys168 and Lys170, from phages infecting Enterococcus faecalis. Lys168 and Lys170 belong to the cysteine, histidine-dependent amidohydrolases/peptidases (CHAP) and amidase-2 protein families, respectively. Lys168 is quite a unique enterococcal phage endolysin. It shares 95% amino acidic identity with the endolysin of Staphylococcus aureus phage SAP6, which in turn is distantly related to all known CHAP endolysins of S. aureus phages. Lys170 seems to be a natural chimera assembling catalytic and cell-wall-binding domains of different origin. Both endolysins showed a clear preference to act against E. faecalis and they were able to lyse a high proportion of clinical isolates of this species. Specifically, Lys168 and Lys170 lysed more than 70% and 90% of the tested isolates, respectively, which included a panel of diverse and typed strains representative of highly prevalent clonal complexes. Lys170 was active against all tested E. faecalis VRE strains. The quasi specificity toward E. faecalis is discussed considering the nature of the enzymes' functional domains and the structure of the cell wall peptidoglycan.
Electrospray ionizer for mass spectrometry of aerosol particles (2023)

A device and method are disclosed to apply ESI-based mass spectroscopy to submicrometer and nanometer scale aerosol particles. Unipolar ionization is utilized to charge the particles in order to collect them electrostatically on the tip of a tungsten rod. Subsequently, the species composing the collected particles are dissolved by making a liquid flow over the tungsten rod. This liquid with dissolved aerosol contents is formed into highly charged droplets, which release unfragmented ions for mass spectroscopy, such as time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. The device is configured to operate in a switching mode, wherein aerosol deposition occurs while solvent delivery is turned off and vice versa.
Direct observation of independently moving replisomes in Escherichia coli (2020)

The replication and transfer of genomic material from a cell to its progeny are vital processes in all living systems. Here we visualize the process of chromosome replication in widened E. coli cells. Monitoring the replication of single chromosomes yields clear examples of replication bubbles that reveal that the two replisomes move independently from the origin to the terminus of replication along each of the two arms of the circular chromosome, providing direct support for the so-called train-track model, and against a factory model for replisomes. The origin of replication duplicates near midcell, initially splitting to random directions and subsequently towards the poles. The probability of successful segregation of chromosomes significantly decreases with increasing cell width, indicating that chromosome confinement by the cell boundary is an important driver of DNA segregation. Our findings resolve long standing questions in bacterial chromosome organization.
Infrared spectroscopy of supported lipid monolayer, bilayer, and multibilayer membranes (1998)

Cecropin A was examined in supported monolayer, bilayer, and multibilayer lipid membranes using attenuated total internal reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The spectral features provide an abundance of information about the conformation and orientation of the peptide, as well as about the effects of the peptide on lipid order. In this case, they serve to contrast results from the three preparations. The results of monolayer and bilayer studies are generally similar, although differences in the nature of the membranes appear to cause minor changes in the conformation and orientation of the peptide. The results of the multibilayer studies are different in many respects from those of the monolayer and bilayer studies, suggesting that fundamentally different peptide-lipid interactions occur in multibilayers.
Addendum of: Fall Detection in Individuals With Lower Limb Amputations Using Mobile Phones: Machine Learning Enhances Robustness for Real-World Applications (2017)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.8201.].
Studies on the Structure and Function of Ribosomes by Combined Use of Chemical Probing and X-Ray Crystallography (2014)

The study of the process of protein synthesis, which encompasses translation of the genetic code, has been intensively under way for about 4 decades. This chapter summarizes recent studies of the structure and function of ribosomes by a combination of biochemical and X-ray-crystallographic approaches, focusing primarily on work from the laboratory. Ribosomologists have traditionally used a wide variety of experimental strategies to study the many molecular interactions of the translational machinery. EF-G was bound in the presence of fusidic acid and GTP to ribosomes containing mRNA and tRNA bound to the P site, and hydroxyl radicals were initiated. Three-dimensional crystals of ribosomes and ribosomal subunits were obtained more than a decade ago, but only recently has X-ray crystallography begun to provide detailed information about the large-scale structure of the ribosome. In the X-ray map, bridges from elements originating in the 50S subunit can be seen to contact the minor groove of this helix at positions corresponding closely to those predicted from the foot printing studies. The arrangement of the S8-16S rRNA interaction has been investigated extensively by directed hydroxyl radical probing. Modification interference studies with kethoxal showed that modification of a set of guanines in 16S rRNA interferes with subunit association. The RNA chemical-probing studies left unaddressed the possibility that protein-RNA (or protein-protein) interactions might play a role in subunit association.
Retiform hemangioendothelioma of the breast in a man with 18F-flurodeoxyglucose accumulation on positron emission tomography: a case report (2023)

RH was found in the male breast and was accompanied by FDG uptake on PET. PET may be useful in diagnosing RH. Although metastasis is rare in RH, local recurrence may occur, and careful follow-up is required.
Mid-IR supercontinuum generation and applications: a review (2014)

In this paper, a review on mid-IR supercontinuum generation (SCG) and its applications is presented. First, the physical mechanism of the supercontinuum generation in IR crystal fiber is introduced. Second, the recent progress on IR single crystal fiber, in particular ultrathin core double cladding IR single crystal fiber is described. Third, the transmission characteristics of mid-IR crystal fiber is illustrated. Fourth, the mid-IR supercontinuum generation in IR single crystal fiber is presented. Finally, the application of IR supercontinuum for smart target recognition is illustrated
Energy Management for a Microgrid With Different Charging and Discharging Priorities of Batteries Using Modified Grey Wolf Optimizer (2019)

Energy management plays an important role in the efficient and reliable operation of microgrid with various distributed energy resources. In this paper, the energy management of an isolated microgrid involving two batteries and other distributed energy resources such as photovoltaic, wind turbine and diesel generator is presented. For obtaining a better energy management, a modified grey wolf optimizer is proposed to determine the optimal power schedule plan of a microgrid. Moreover, different charging and discharging priorities of the two batteries result in operation cost and the equivalent pollutant gas emissions are investigated so as to obtain a more economic operation strategy. Simulation results show a good reduction in operation cost and pollution emissions as well verify the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Distributed computing with fibre channel fabric (2003)

The author describes the architecture, characteristics, and performance of Canstar switching fabric products based on the Fibre Channel Standard. It is noted that the deployment of Fibre Channel Fabric to achieve homogeneous interconnection of processors and peripheral devices provides the following advantages: the same physical interconnect scheme for both processors and peripheral devices; seamless access from workstation to peripherals to supercomputers, topology, media, and upper-level protocol independence; and high-speed internodal communication.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: CARBON DISULFIDE COMPLEXES OF ZEROVALENT IRON‐ SYNTHESIS AND SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES. X‐RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF (η2‐CARBON DISULFIDE)DICARBONYL(TRIMETHYLPHOSPHINE)(TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE)IRON(0) (1978)

Abstract Die n′‐CS2‐Fe(0)‐Komplexe (II) werden durch die Reaktion des Benzylidenaceton‐tricarbonyls (I) mit den tert. P‐Liganden in Schwefelkohlenstoff synthetisiert.