gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiadhesive Role of Apical Decay-accelerating Factor (CD55) in Human Neutrophil Transmigration across Mucosal Epithelia (2003)

Neutrophil migration across mucosal epithelium during inflammatory episodes involves the precise orchestration of a number a cell surface molecules and signaling pathways. After successful migration to the apical epithelial surface, apically localized epithelial proteins may serve to retain PMN at the lumenal surface. At present, identification of apical epithelial ligands and their PMN counter-receptors remain elusive. Therefore, to define the existence of apical epithelial cell surface proteins involved in PMN-epithelial interactions, we screened a panel of antibodies directed against epithelial plasma membranes. This strategy identified one antibody (OE-1) that both localized to the apical cell membrane and significantly inhibited PMN transmigration across epithelial monolayers. Microsequence analysis revealed that OE-1 recognized human decay-accelerating factor (DAF, CD55). DAF is a highly glycosylated, 70-80-kD, glycosyl-phosphatidyinositol-linked protein that functions predominantly as an inhibitor of autologous complement lysis. DAF suppression experiments using antisense oligonucleotides or RNA interference revealed that DAF may function as an antiadhesive molecule promoting the release of PMN from the lumenal surface after transmigration. Similarly, peptides corresponding to the antigen recognition domain of OE-1 resulted in accumulation of PMN on the apical epithelial surface. The elucidation of DAF as an apical epithelial ligand for PMN provides a target for novel anti-inflammatory therapies directed at quelling unwanted inflammatory episodes.
Virtual Screening and Experimental Validation Identify Novel Inhibitors of the Plasmodium falciparum Atg8–Atg3 Protein–Protein Interaction (2016)

New therapies are needed against malaria, a parasitic infection caused by Plasmodium falciparum, as drug resistance emerges against the current treatment, artemisinin. We previously characterized the Atg8-Atg3 protein-protein interaction (PPI), which is essential for autophagy and parasite survival. Herein we illustrate the use of virtual library screening to selectively block the PPI in the parasite without inhibiting the homologous interaction in humans by targeting the A-loop of PfAtg8. This A-loop is important for Atg3 binding in Plasmodium, but is absent from the human Atg8 homologues. In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate a shift in lipidation state of PfAtg8 and inhibition of P. falciparum growth in both blood- and liver-stage cultures upon drug treatment. Our results illustrate how in silico screening and structure-aided drug design against a PPI can be used to identify new hits for drug development. Additionally, as we targeted a region of Atg8 that is conserved within apicomplexans, we predict that our small molecule will have cross-reactivity against other disease-causing apicomplexans, such as Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, Theileria, Neospora, Eimeria, and Babesia.
Iron‐Catalyzed Furfural Production in Biobased Biphasic Systems: From Pure Sugars to Direct Use of Crude Xylose Effluents as Feedstock (2011)

Working with real samples: Aqueous solutions of FeCl3–NaCl (or seawater) dehydrate xylose to afford furfural, which can extracted in situ into 2-MTHF as second phase. Furfural is successfully obtained when aqueous nonpurified xylose effluents directly from lignocellulose fractionation are tested.
Timing-driven partial scan (2002)

A partial scan approach that aims to reduce both area overhead and performance degradation caused by test logic is presented. Given a target speed and an initial design that meets the target, the algorithm selects a minimum set of scan flip-flops, if they exist, that (1) will break all sequential cycles and (2) will not violate the performance requirement after the scan logic is added. If such a set does not exist, the algorithm will find a set of scan flip-flops in which (1) all sequential cycles are broken and (2) the total area increase caused by the scan logic and the subsequent performance optimization is minimized, For circuits synthesized by automatic synthesis tools, the authors suggest a novel design flow, which selects/inserts the partial scan logic after area optimization, but before performance optimization. For meeting both performance and testability requirements, this design flow produces designs with less area increase than the traditional design flow, which considers testability and adds test logic after performance optimization. Experimental results on the ISCA'89 sequential circuits are presented as well as comparisons between the proposed method and previous methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Modulation of breast cancer cell adhesion, invasion, epidermal growth factor signaling, and anchorage-independent growth by β-parvin: Implications in cancer therapy (2004)

5039 Invasion and metastasis involves dysregulation of integrin-mediated cell adhesion and migration. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a serine/threonine kinase that is required for integrin adhesion. β-parvin (PARVB) is an ILK-binding protein that is involved in the regulation of cell anchorage. Interestingly, the PARVB gene is located in a region of chromosome 22q13 that is deleted in breast cancer patients. We hypothesize that PARVB is a potential tumor suppressor, and that PARVB-deficiencies contribute to tumorigenesis through altered integrin-mediated cell adhesion, invasion, signaling, and tumor growth. By western blot analysis, we show that PARVB is deficient in the highly invasive human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. To study the role of PARVB in cell invasion and metastasis, we first investigated its effects on breast cancer cell adhesion. Intriguingly, MDA-MB-231 cells that stably express myc-PARVB exhibit a significant increase in ability to bind to collagen I. Since highly metastatic cells are less adherent, the finding that PARVB promotes cell-substrate adherence, and hence, decreases metastatic capability, supports an anti-cancer role for PARVB. Another feature of invasive cancer cells is increased migratory potential. Consistent with a tumor suppressor role, PARVB inhibits EGF-induced MDA-MB-231 cell invasion through matrigel. In addition, PARVB abrogates MDA-MB-231 anchorage-independent growth in soft agar, thus, further supporting a role of PARVB in tumor growth suppression. Our preliminary results suggest that PARVB expression does not affect MDA-MB-231 cell cycle distribution or suspension-induced apoptosis (anoikis). Since EGF induces breast cancer cell migration, we also examined the role of PARVB in EGF receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling by immunoblot analysis using a phospho-specific antibody for GSK3β, an ILK substrate. Remarkably, PARVB inhibits EGF-stimulated GSK3β serine 9 phosphorylation, suggesting a novel point of cross-talk between RTK and integrin signaling. Studies using ILK adenovirus and RNAi to overexpress and inhibit ILK expression, respectively, are in progress to assess the role of ILK in RTK signaling in the PARVB stables. To determine whether PARVB inhibits tumor development in vivo, the ability of myc-PARVB breast cancer cells to develop tumors and metastasize in nude mice will be evaluated. Our study will elucidate the novel functions of PARVB, and provide new insights into therapeutic approaches for treatments of invasive and metastatic breast cancers.
Selbstorganisation eines supramolekularen tetraedrischen M4L6-Clusters (1998)

Nicht zu groß und nicht zu klein sollte der Gast im Hohlraum sein: Der homochirale tetraedrische Cluster [Ga4L6]12− weist eine hohe Selektivität für den Einschluß von Et4N+ gegenüber Pr4N+ auf, das seinerseits eingeschlossenes Me4N+ verdrängt (L=zweifach zweizähniger Ligand); dieser sukzessive Austausch von R4N+-Ionen verläuft 1H-NMR-spektroskopischen Untersuchungen zufolge schnell und quantitativ (siehe unten). Der Einschluß von Et4N+ wurde auch im Festkörper nachgewiesen.
Ligand affinity chromatographic purification of rat liver Golgi endomannosidase. (1994)

In order to achieve isolation of endo-alpha-D-mannosidase, a Golgi-located processing enzyme that accomplishes deglucosylation of glycoproteins with N-linked carbohydrate units by cleaving the linkage between the glucose-substituted mannose residue and the remainder of the oligosaccharide, we have prepared an affinity matrix (Glc alpha 1-->3Man-O-(CH2)8CONH-Affi-Gel 102) containing the derivative of the characteristic disaccharide product of this enzyme. Chromatography of a Triton extract of rat liver Golgi membranes on a column of this gel in the presence of castanospermine to prevent binding of alpha-glucosidases permitted a rapid purification of the endomannosidase (70,000-fold over the homogenate) with a 12% yield. This purified enzyme was free of other processing glycosidases and was completely inhibited by Glc alpha 1-->3(1-deoxy)mannojirimycin. Examination of the endomannosidase by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a doublet (M(r) 60,000 and 56,000) with the bands being of approximately equal density. Gel permeation high performance liquid chromatography indicated that in its native form the enzyme has an oligomeric structure (M(r) approximately 560,000) consisting of eight to ten subunits.
Kinetics of the Fast Gas Phase Reaction between Ozone and Nitric Oxide (1954)

The rate of reaction between ozone and nitric oxide was followed optically at —43 and —75°. The reaction appears to be elementary bimolecular NO+O3=NO2+O2and the rate constant is k=0.8×1012e−2500/RT cc mole−1sec−1. The pre-exponential factor for this reaction is compared with those of six other elementary gas phase reactions of the type X+Y=Z+W+···involving the oxides of nitrogen for which the energies of activation were higher. For this series of similar reactions the molecular complexity of the reactants is about constant (five or six atoms), and there appears to be no systematic difference in pre-exponential factor between the fast and the slow reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSITION METAL‐SUBSTITUTED GROUP VB ELEMENT SYSTEMS. 13. TRIS(DICARBONYL(ε‐CYCLOPENTADIENYL)FERRIO)STIBANE, A GROUP VB ELEMENT BASE WITH TOTAL TRANSITION METAL SUBSTITUTION (1977)

Abstract Die heterogene Umsetzung von Sb‐tribromid mit Na‐cyclopentadienyldicarbonyl‐Fe (I) führt über die isolierbaren mono‐ und dimetallierten Zwischenstufen (II) zur Titelverbindung (III).
Hemodynamic Effects of Atrial Natriuretic Factor Clearance Receptor Occupancy in Conscious Sheep (1990)

The present study examined the hemodynamic actions of a non-guanylate cyclase linked or "clearance" atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) receptor ligand--des[Gln116Ser117Gly118Leu119Gly120] ANF 102-121 (C-ANF 4-23)--in conscious sheep. The effect of this peptide on the duration and potency of the hypotensive action of ANF (99-126) was also studied. C-ANF (4-23), infused at 400 micrograms/h for 2 h, reduced blood pressure, cardiac output and stroke volume, and increased total peripheral resistance slightly. These changes were similar to those previously observed with infusion of 20 micrograms/h ANF (99-126) in sheep. Endogenous ANF concentration increased from 28 +/- 13 to 85 +/- 18 pg/mL after 80 min infusion of C-ANF (4-23). The duration of hypotensive action from injection of ANF (99-126) was increased almost two-fold during infusion of C-ANF (4-23), however the hypotensive potency of ANF (99-126) was similar both prior to and during infusion of C-ANF (4-23). These studies support the concept of the metabolism of ANF via clearance receptors, suggesting that long-term hemodynamic actions of endogenous ANF may be achieved via prolonged blockade of these clearance receptors.
The water absorbability of beech (Fagus sylvatica l.) and fir (Abies alba mill.) organic matter in the forest floor (2019)

The organic horizons of forest soils are characterised by double capillarity: between particles and inside them. It has been hypothesized that the time required to fill the internal capillarity of organic particles depends on their botanical origin and the degree of their decomposition. The aim of the present study is to determine the time of water absorption by organic matter that is part of the Ol and Ofh horizons of selected beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and fir (Abies alba Mill.) stands. The present research on water absorbability lasted for 14 days and consisted in measuring the absorption time in organic particles from the moment of immersion of an air-dry sample in water until the particles soaked in water exceeded the density of 1.0 gÂ·cm-3. Â It was found that in fir organic matter the time of water absorption decreases with the advancement of decomposition.Â In beech stands, progressing decomposition processes result in a longer water absorption time.Â The dynamics of water absorption of organic matter indicates that no single rainfall is able to entirely fill the internal capillarity of organic particles, whereby the organic horizons of forest soils can maintain the ability to retain water even in long-term rainfall.
ChemInform Abstract: An Asymmetric Route to Chiral, Nonracemic 2‐Substituted Piperidines. Synthesis of (‐)‐Pipecoline, (+)‐Coniine, and (‐)‐Coniceine. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Simultaneous Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal from High-Strength Industrial Wastewater Using Aerobic Granular Sludge (2009)

Aerobic granular sludge technology was applied to the simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal from livestock wastewater that contains high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus (TN: 650mg∕L ; TP: 125mg∕L ). A lab-scale sequencing batch reactor was operated in an alternating anaerobic/oxic/anoxic denitrification mode. Granular sludge was first formed using synthetic wastewater. When livestock wastewater was diluted with tap water, the shape and settleability of aerobic granular sludge were maintained even though livestock wastewater contained suspended solids. Simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphate uptake were observed under an aerobic condition. However, when nondiluted livestock wastewater was used, the diameter of granular sludge and the denitrification efficiency under an oxic condition decreased. When the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater increased, hydraulic retention time (HRT) increased resulting in a decrease in selection pressure for granular sludge. Therefore, the sustainment of granular sludge was difficult in livestock wastewater treatment. However, by applying a new excess sludge discharge method based on Stokes’ law, the shape of granular sludge was maintained in spite of the long HRT (7.5days) . To select large granular sludge particles, excess sludge was discharged from the upper part of settled sludge because small particles localized there after settling. Finally, excellent nitrogen and phosphorus removal was accomplished in practical livestock wastewater treatment. The effluent concentrations of NH4–N , NOx–N , and PO4–P were <0.1 , 1.4, and 1.2mg∕L , respectively.
ARTIMIS: natural dialogue meets rational agency (1997)

We present an effective generic communicating rational agent, ARTIMIS, and its application to cooperative spoken dialogue. ARTIMIS &amp;apos; kernel is the implementation of a formal theory of interaction. This theory involves a set of generic axioms which models, in a homogeneous logical framework, principles of rational behaviour, communication, and cooperation. The theory is interpreted by a specifically designed reasoning engine. When applied to the context of natural dialogue, ARTIMIS includes specialised components for speech and natural language processing. 1
Detect accessible chromatin using ATAC-sequencing, from principle to applications (2019)

In this review, we summarize both principle and features of ATAC-seq, highlight its applications in basic and clinical research. ATAC-seq has generated comprehensive chromatin accessible maps, and is becoming a powerful tool to understand dynamic gene expression regulation in stem cells, early embryos and tumors.
Terminal area arrival management concepts using tactical merge management techniques (2010)

This paper describes operational concept options for 4D trajectory-based arrival management in the terminal area, using Flight Management Systems (FMS) capable of Area Navigation (RNAV), Required Navigation Performance (RNP), Vertical Navigation (VNAV), as well as Required Time of Arrival (RTA) and airplane-based Interval Management (IM). Furthermore, it is assumed that the ATM automation system provides support to the controller to enable the airplane to fully utilize the above capabilities while maximizing the throughput of a large airport. The paper assumes an arrival management process that is consistent with the current FAA automation architecture for Time-Based Metering, and with the capabilities of the NASA Center-TRACON Automation System (CTAS), i.e. the Traffic Management Advisor (TMA) and Efficient Descent Advisor (EDA). The paper refers to the use of these particular capabilities, but many other similar capabilities are already in use or under development across the ATM industry. The paper also assumes the use of an automation capability for efficient operations through the TRACON that supports the airplane capabilities described above. The capability considered in this paper is based on the Relative Position Indicator (RPI) developed by MITRE CAASD, which is scheduled for demonstration in selected FAA TRACON facilities in 2010. The paper discusses the RPI concept in the context of other concepts that involve RNAV/RNP, RTA and IM capabilities. An analysis of the technical performance of these arrival management concepts using the Boeing Trajectory Analysis and Modeling Environment (TAME) is presented. The paper describes how the authors chose to represent the potential application of the RPI in a fast-time simulation of the Denver TRACON airspace. The results show the influence of speed control strategies and scenario design on spacing performance and runway delivery accuracy.
Antibacterial potency of different deposition methods of silver and copper containing diamond-like carbon coated polyethylene (2016)

The results obtained in this study suggest that PIII as a deposition method and Ag-DLC-PE as a surface have high bactericidal effects.
Mutation of conserved cysteines in the Ly6 domain of GPIHBP1 in familial chylomicronemia (2009)

We investigated a family from northern Sweden in which three of four siblings have congenital chylomicronemia. LPL activity and mass in pre- and postheparin plasma were low, and LPL release into plasma after heparin injection was delayed. LPL activity and mass in adipose tissue biopsies appeared normal. [(35)S]Methionine incorporation studies on adipose tissue showed that newly synthesized LPL was normal in size and normally glycosylated. Breast milk from the affected female subjects contained normal to elevated LPL mass and activity levels. The milk had a lower than normal milk lipid content, and the fatty acid composition was compatible with the milk lipids being derived from de novo lipogenesis, rather than from the plasma lipoproteins. Given the delayed release of LPL into the plasma after heparin, we suspected that the chylomicronemia might be caused by mutations in GPIHBP1. Indeed, all three affected siblings were compound heterozygotes for missense mutations involving highly conserved cysteines in the Ly6 domain of GPIHBP1 (C65S and C68G). The mutant GPIHBP1 proteins reached the surface of transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells but were defective in their ability to bind LPL (as judged by both cell-based and cell-free LPL binding assays). Thus, the conserved cysteines in the Ly6 domain are crucial for GPIHBP1 function.
Convergence of the simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) (2003)

Computed tomography (CT) has been extensively studied for years and widely used in the modern society. Although the filtered back-projection algorithm is the method of choice by manufacturers, efforts are being made to revisit iterative methods due to their unique advantages, such as superior performance with incomplete noisy data. In 1984, the simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) was developed as a major refinement of the algebraic reconstruction technique (ART). However, the convergence of the SART has never been established since then. In this paper, the convergence is proved under the condition that coefficients of the linear imaging system are nonnegative. It is shown that from any initial guess the sequence generated by the SART converges to a weighted least square solution.
Coherent laser terminals for LEO satellite constellations (2003)

Summary form only given. We present an overview of the inter-satellite optical terminal technical evolution since the beginning of ESA and German Space Agency Studies in the seventies up to the current LEO constellation optical inter-satellite link terminals as developed by Bosch.
Control of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready‐to‐Eat Meats Containing Sodium Levulinate, Sodium Lactate, or a Combination of Sodium Lactate and Sodium Diacetate (2008)

This study investigated the use of sodium levulinate to prevent outgrowth of Listeria monocytogenes in refrigerated ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products. Turkey breast roll and bologna were formulated to contain 1%, 2%, or 3% (w/w) sodium levulinate, 2% sodium lactate, a 2% combination of sodium lactate and sodium diacetate (1.875% sodium lactate and 0.125% sodium diacetate), or no antimicrobial (control). Samples of the RTE products were sliced, inoculated with 10(2) to 10(3) CFU/cm(2) of a 5-strain cocktail of L. monocytogenes, vacuum packaged, and stored at refrigeration temperature for 0 to 12 wk. Counts reached 10(8) CFU/cm(2) on control turkey roll product after 8 wk, and over 10(7) CFU/cm(2) on control bologna after 12 wk. Addition of 2% or more sodium levulinate to turkey roll and 1% or more sodium levulinate to bologna completely prevented growth of L. monocytogenes during 12 wk of refrigerated storage. A consumer taste panel with pathogen-free samples found no differences in the overall liking among the preparations of turkey roll or among preparations of bologna. These results show that sodium levulinate is at least as effective at inhibiting outgrowth of L. monocytogenes in RTE meat products as the current industry standards of lactate or lactate and diacetate, and levulinate addition does not alter the overall liking of the RTE meat products.
Measurements of the Modulation Transfer Function of Image Displays (2004)

Measurements of the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of image displays are often required for objective image quality assessments, but are difficult to carry out due to the need for specialized apparatus. This article presents a simple method for the measurement of the MTF of a sample CRT display system which involves the use of a still digital camera for the acquisition of displayed test targets. Measurements are carried out using, first, the sine wave method, where a number of artificial sine wave images of discrete spatial frequency and constant modulation are captured from a close distance. Fourier techniques are employed to extract the amplitude of the display signal from the resulting macroimages. In a second phase, displayed artificial step edges are captured, and the ISO 12333 SFR (Spatial Frequency Response) Slanted Edge plugin is used for automatic edge analysis. The display MTF, in both cases, is cascaded from the closed-loop system MTF. The two measuring techniques produced matching results, indicating that under controlled test conditions accurate measurements of the display MTF can be achieved with the use of relatively simple equipment.