gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local adaptation in populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis endemic to the Indian Ocean Rim (2021)

<ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Background:</ns3:bold> Lineage 1 (L1) and 3 (L3) are two lineages of the <ns3:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</ns3:italic> complex (MTBC) causing tuberculosis (TB) in humans. L1 and L3 are prevalent around the rim of the Indian Ocean, the region that accounts for most of the world’s new TB cases. Despite their relevance for this region, L1 and L3 remain understudied. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Methods:</ns3:bold> We analyzed 2,938 L1 and 2,030 L3 whole genome sequences originating from 69 countries. We reconstructed the evolutionary history of these two lineages and identified genes under positive selection. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Results:</ns3:bold> We found a strongly asymmetric pattern of migration from South Asia toward neighboring regions, highlighting the historical role of South Asia in the dispersion of L1 and L3. Moreover, we found that several genes were under positive selection, including genes involved in virulence and resistance to antibiotics . For L1 we identified signatures of local adaptation at the <ns3:italic>esxH</ns3:italic> locus, a gene coding for a secreted effector that targets the human endosomal sorting complex, and is included in several vaccine candidates. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Conclusions:</ns3:bold> Our study highlights the importance of genetic diversity in the MTBC, and sheds new light on two of the most important MTBC lineages affecting humans. </ns3:p>
Rapid retrieval of first-order spatiotemporal distortions for ultrashort laser pulses (2021)

Abstract High-intensity, ultrashort laser sources are a foundational pillar for High-Energy-Density (HED) physics, and as the repetition rates of these systems increase, diagnostics must be developed to match their data collection speed. Characterization of any spatiotemporal distortions in the laser pulse is necessary to standardize results across facilities. We have previously developed a laser diagnostic called spatially and temporally resolved intensity and phase evaluation device: full information from a single hologram, or STRIPED FISH, to measure the full spatiotemporal laser electric field on a single shot. In order to provide rapid feedback, we here adapt the STRIPED FISH retrieval algorithm, which typically has computation times of up to 30 min due to the high spatial resolution of the device and its retrieval of the complete four-dimensional pulse field, to distill the key electric field quantities into a handful of scalars for rapid assessment of the pulse’s 1st-order distortions. Here, our new, rapid non-iterative retrieval algorithm is validated with simulated and experimental data, and it provides, within seconds, the same 1st-order information as given by the full analysis. This algorithm is suitable for on-shot assessment of spatiotemporal distortions and can be adapted to assess high repetition-rate laser quality in HED experiments.
Figures S1-S3 from <i>TGF</i>β Receptor 1: An Immune Susceptibility Gene in HPV-Associated Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figures S1-S3. All supplementary figures are included in this file. Descriptions are given for each figure on the image itself. Supplementary Figure S1: OPC GWAS analysis Supplementary Figure S2: Comparative scatter plot by HNSCC tumor site vs HPV E6 serology Supplementary Figure S3: DAPPLE randomization and extended boundary analysis&lt;/p&gt;
User Persona in Personalized Wireless Networks: A Big Data-Driven Prediction Framework (2020)

Wireless network personalization is an emerging technology that has considerable potential to achieve the ultimate balance between resource allocation and user satisfaction. One of the main enablers of personalized networks is the continuous monitoring and prediction of dynamic user satisfaction levels in various contexts. Accurate satisfaction prediction requires a lot of data, and unfortunately, data and the process of acquiring it are expensive. A closer look at user behavior and satisfaction levels reveal that certain users share certain behavioral similarities. A group of users who share similar user behavior and satisfaction patterns is referred to as a persona. Associating users with preexisting user personas will enable networks to provide highly personalized services with a minimal amount of data, thereby improving the efficiency of personalized networks. In this paper, we propose a novel big data-driven framework to predict user personas in personalized wireless networks. Also, we conduct a comprehensive study to investigate the impact of different amounts of data and confidence levels on the performance of the overall framework. Finally, using a simulated personalized wireless network, we compare the behavior of different personas in terms of the amount of saved resources and achieved satisfaction levels.
The Linker Domain of Stat1 Is Required for Gamma Interferon-Driven Transcription (1999)

Upon binding of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) to its receptor, the latent transcription factor Stat1 becomes phosphorylated, dimerizes, and enters the nucleus to activate transcription. In response to IFN-alpha, Stat1 binds to Stat2 in a heterodimer that recruits p48, an IRF family member, to activate transcription. A number of functional domains of the STATs, including a C-terminal transactivation domain, a dimerization domain, and an SH2 domain, are known. However, the highly conserved residues between the DNA binding and SH2 domains (463 to 566), recently christened the linker domain on the basis of crystallographic studies, have remained without a known function. In the present study, we report that KE544-545AA point mutants in Stat1 abolish transcriptional responses to IFN-gamma but not to IFN-alpha. We further show that this mutant Stat1 undergoes normal phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and DNA binding. Taken together with recent structural evidence, these results suggest that the linker domain acts as a critical contact point during the construction of a Stat1-driven transcriptional complex.
Emotion recognition in human-computer interaction (2001)

Two channels have been distinguished in human interaction: one transmits explicit messages, which may be about anything or nothing; the other transmits implicit messages about the speakers themselves. Both linguistics and technology have invested enormous efforts in understanding the first, explicit channel, but the second is not as well understood. Understanding the other party's emotions is one of the key tasks associated with the second, implicit channel. To tackle that task, signal processing and analysis techniques have to be developed, while, at the same time, consolidating psychological and linguistic analyses of emotion. This article examines basic issues in those areas. It is motivated by the PKYSTA project, in which we aim to develop a hybrid system capable of using information from faces and voices to recognize people's emotions.
Non-dissociative C2-and C2H-ion formation by double electron transfer in one collision (1990)

Positive ions produced from C2H2 by electron impact were collided with Cs, K and Na vapours in the keV energy range. Negative ions formed by two electron transfers were mass-analysed. C-, CH-, C2- and C2H- ions formed by dissociative and/or nondissociative processes were observed. The dependences of each ion on target density were measured. Formations of nondissociative C2- ions from C2+ ions and C2H- ions from C2H+ ions were determined to be double electron transfers in one collision from the density dependence for the Cs target. The cross sections of nondissociative C- and CH- ion formations were much less than those of C2- and C2H- ion formations. The order of cross sections for nondissociative C2- and C2H- ions in the condition of a Cs target at the collision energy of 3.0 keV was estimated to be 10-18 cm2. Nondissociative peaks of C2- and C2H- ions which were detected with a Cs target were not, however, observed with either the K or Na targets. The double electron transfer cross sections are discussed in relation to the endothermicity.
Substrate integrated hybrid Butler matrix (2011)

In this paper, a substrate integrated hybrid Butler matrix is proposed and experimented making full use of the mode-to-mode coupling effect between a half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) and a conductor-backed slotline etched on its broad wall. Several microstrip-to-slotline transitions are employed to connect such four hybrid HMSIW-slotline structures and also offer required phase shifts. This type of hybrid Butler matrix not only keeps a compact and small physical dimension, but also associates the HMSIW's excellent property with the planar structure's flexibility and integrated circuit compatibility. Thus it is believed that this substrate integrated hybrid circuit (SIHC) technology has great potentialities for microwave and millimeter-wave applications.
La amenaza en el derecho contractual europeo: una reflexión sobre la influencia del derecho romano clásico en algunos aspectos de su configuración jurídica (2020)

espanolcon el presente estudio lo que trato es aproximarme, en lineas generales, a la configuracion juridica de la amenaza, segun las principales propuestas de armonizacion del Derecho contractual europeo, para que aquella pueda ser calificada de vicio del consentimiento y, por ende, posibilitar la anulacion del contrato; y ello, con el fin ultimo de reflexionar sobre los aspectos de su formulacion juridica que, a primera vista, parecen asentarse en bases romanas, asi como tambien en las novedades que se separan de la tradicion romanista. Englishwith this study I try to approach, in general terms, the legal configuration of the threat, according to the main proposals of harmonization of European contract law, so that it can be qualified as a defect of consent and, therefore, make possible the annulment of the contract; and this, with the ultimate aim of reflecting on the aspects of its legal formulation that, at first sight, seem to be based on Roman foundations, as well as on the novelties that are separated from the Romanist tradition
A Simulation Algorithm Capable Of Modelling Spatial Impact Points From The Neutralization Of An Improvised Explosive Device (2021)

An improvised explosive device (IED) is a bomb constructed from unknown materials, often concealed, such as inside an innocuous container, and deployed in unconventional ways resulting in a potentially deadly weapon. Public safety personnel such as Explosive Disposal Units (EDUs), are trained in the safe handling of explosives and the threats posed by IEDs. One method of neutralizing a suspect IED is to use water fired from a high-powered dispersion weapon commonly known as a disrupter cannon. Our research proposes an algorithm for developing an IED neutralization simulation that can emulate real-world physical effects of the successful neutralization of an IED without danger to the public or first responders. This algorithm includes 6 methodologies with the goal of providing EDU with additional information on the potential physical dispersion of the components of an IED and any major points of impact (splatter) and possible actionable intelligence on the pose and direction of a disrupter cannon for a successful neutralization of an IED. We have developed a prototype simulation based on this algorithm and evaluated the simulation with an appropriate real-world disrupter and compared the real-world splatter to our simulation’s splatter. We argue systems developed with our algorithm may provide relevant information directly from the simulation and can be accurately used to analyze particle dispersion for the purposes of augmenting EDU IED neutralization processes.
Ligand Surface Chemistry Dictates Light Emission from Nanocrystals (2015)

There are several contradictory accounts of the changes to the emissive behavior of semiconductor nanocrystal upon a ligand exchange from trioctylphosphine/cadmium-phosphonates passivation to N-butylamine. This communication explains the contradictory accounts of this reaction using new insights into ligand chemistry. Also, a previously unknown link between surface emission and cadmium-phosphonate (Z-type) ligands is shown.
Organic sulfur chemistry. IX. Chemistry of thiolsulfonates and related derivatives. Nucleophilic reactions on sulfenyl sulfur (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic sulfur chemistry. IX. Chemistry of thiolsulfonates and related derivatives. Nucleophilic reactions on sulfenyl sulfurDavid N. Harpp, John G. Gleason, and David K. AshCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 2, 322–326Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00801a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00801a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views412Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Solar fuel processing: Comparative mini-review on research, technology development, and scaling (2022)

Solar energy provides an unprecedented potential as a renewable and sustainable energy resource and will substantially reshape our future energy economy. It is not only useful in producing electricity but also (high-temperature) heat and fuel, both required for non-electrifiable energy services. Fuels are particularly valuable as they are energy dense and storable, and they can also act as a feedstock for the chemical industry. Technical pathways for the processing of solar fuels include thermal pathways (e.g. solar thermochemistry), photo pathways (e.g. photoelectrochemistry), and combinations thereof. A review of theoretical limits indicates that all technical solar fuel processing pathways have the potential for competitive solar-to-fuel efficiencies (>10 %) but require very different operating conditions (e.g. temperature levels or oxygen partial pressures), making them complementary and highly versatile for process integration. Progress in photoelectrochemical devices and solar thermochemical reactors over the last 50 + years are summarized, showing encouraging trends in terms of performance, technological viability, and scaling.
Acute encephalomyelitis syndromes associated with H1N1 09 influenza vaccination (2010)

### Case reports.

#### Case 1.

A previously healthy 38-year-old man presented with acute urinary retention and constipation after 4 days of progressive weakness affecting all 4 limbs and patchy sensory disturbance over the trunk and upper arms. Ten days prior to the onset of symptoms, he had received H1N1 09 influenza (Panvax H1N1, CSL Biotherapies, Parkville, Australia) vaccination and had experienced a spontaneously resolving febrile reaction 24–48 hours following administration.

MRI of the brain, cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine was performed (figure,A). Several areas of central cord T2 signal hyperintensity were demonstrated, extending from C3 to C6 and from T7 to L1, and a diagnosis of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis was made. Serologic investigations for infective and autoimmune etiologies were unremarkable. CSF demonstrated an inflammatory pattern, with 80 × 106/L lymphocytes and 0.78 g/L total protein.



Figure MRI from clinical cases 
(A) MRI thoracic spine, demonstrating extensive longitudinal intramedullary T2 hyperintensity. (B) MRI cervical spine, demonstrating multilevel cord edema and hyperintensity of proximal thoracic segments.



The patient received IV methylprednisolone (1 g/d for 3 days), with resolution in power and sphincter function over the following 10 days.

#### Case 2.

A previously healthy 19-year-old …
Visual Tracing for the Eclipse Java Debugger (2012)

In contrast to stepping, tracing is a debugging technique that does not suspend the execution. This technique is more suitable for debugging programs whose correctness is compromised by the suspension of execution. In this work we present a tool for visually tracing Java programs in Eclipse. Trace point hits are collected on a per-instance basis. This enables finding out which trace points were hit for which objects at which time. The interactive visualization provides detailed information about the hits such as thread, stack trace, and assigned values. We implemented the tool as an Eclipse plug in that integrates with other features of Eclipse Java debugger. In an informal evaluation, developers appreciated the utility of our method as a solution in the middle between full tracing and stop-and-go debugging. They suggested scenarios in which our tool can help them in debugging and understanding their programs.
Synthesis of Al(III), Bi(III), Sb(III), Sn(II) and Pb(II) Complexes Based on a Plant Auxin Hormone: Characterization; DFT, Pharmacokinetics and MOE‐Docking with Plant‐Cell Proteins (2021)

Abstract Series of complexes was prepared from some p‐block elements and indole‐3‐acetic acid (HIAA) as a plant hormone categorized from auxin class. Trivalent [Al(III), Bi(III)&amp; Sb(III)] and divalent [Sn(II) &amp; Pb(II)] ions, were used for complexation with indole‐3‐acetic acid. These complexes were analytically (elemental &amp; EDX), spectrally (IR, Raman, UV‐Vis, SEM &amp; XRD) and theoretically characterized. All complexes proposed having 1 : 2 molar ratio (M : L) through mono‐negative bi‐dentate binding mode. A tetrahedral geometry was proposed for Al(III) complex. While, the other complexes were suggested to be in distorted octahedral geometry due to presence of five bonds only and the sixth site inhabits by lone pair of electrons. Hirshfeld surface properties were obtained through Crystal explorer 3.1 software over structures oriented by VESTA package. The 3D‐crystals of Bi(III) and Sb(III) complexes displayed a noticeable red spots which point to the best contact site on their surfaces. Also, the conformational study reveals many physical characteristics that suggest the superiority of some complexes than the original ligand. Also, drug‐likeness outcomes clarify the lipophilic feature of Sn(II) and Pb(II) complexes. This feature may play a well bioactive behavior within living cells. Furthermore, pharmacokinetics as well as MOE‐docking simulation, were carried out versus 1lr5 &amp; 3c6p proteins. Such proteins, were the co‐crystal forms of auxin‐class that act as hormone receiver inside plant cells. This study proposed the priority of Al(III), Sn(II) and Pb(II) complexes than the free hormone itself in the interaction with selected auxin proteins. We recommend these complexes for practical application in the field from specialist, they will improve the vital process within plant cells based on in‐silico results in this research.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Chain Elongation at C‐3 of Cysteine Through 2,3‐ Dihydrothiazoles, Without Racemization. Preparation of 2‐Amino‐5‐ hydroxy‐3‐mercaptoalkanoic Acid Derivatives. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The effect of ocular aberrations on steady-state errors of accommodative response (2005)

It is well accepted that the accommodation system is characterized by steady-state errors in focus. The purpose of this study was to correlate these errors with changes in ocular wavefront aberration and corresponding image quality when accommodating. A wavefront analyzing system, the Complete Ophthalmic Analysis System (COAS), was used in conjunction with a Badal optometer to allow continuous recording of the aberration structure of the eye for a range of accommodative demands (up to 8 D). Fifty consecutive recordings from seven subjects were taken. Monocular accommodative response was calculated as (i) the equivalent refraction minimizing wavefront error and (ii) the defocus needed to optimize the modulation transfer function at high spatial frequencies. Previously reported changes in ocular aberrations with accommodation (e.g., the shift of spherical aberration to negative values) were confirmed. Increased accommodation errors for near targets (lags) were evident for all subjects, although their magnitude showed a significant intersubject variability. It is concluded that the one-to-one stimulus/response slope in accommodation function should not always be considered as ideal, because higher order aberrations, especially changes of spherical aberration, may influence the actual accommodative demand. Fluctuations may serve to preserve image quality when errors of accommodation are moderate, by temporarily searching for the best focus.
High Energy Transient Explorer 2Observations of the Extremely Soft X‐Ray Flash XRF 020903 (2004)

We report High Energy Transient Explorer 2 (HETE-2) Wide Field X-Ray Monitor/French Gamma Telescope observations of the X-ray flash XRF 020903. This event was extremely soft: the ratio log(SX/Sγ) = 0.7, where SX and Sγ are the fluences in the 2-30 and 30-400 keV energy bands, is the most extreme value observed so far by HETE-2. In addition, the spectrum has an observed peak energy of E < 5.0 keV (99.7% probability upper limit), and no photons were detected above ~10 keV. The burst is shorter at higher energies, which is similar to the behavior of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We consider the possibility that the burst lies at very high redshift and that the low value of E is due to the cosmological redshift, and show that this is very unlikely. We find that the properties of XRF 020903 are consistent with the relation between the fluences S(7-30 keV) and S(30-400 keV), found by Barraud et al. for GRBs and X-ray-rich GRBs, and are consistent with the extension by a decade of the hardness-intensity correlation found by the same authors. Assuming that XRF 020903 lies at a redshift z = 0.25, as implied by the host galaxy of the candidate optical and radio afterglows of this burst, we find that the properties of XRF 020903 are consistent with an extension by a factor ~300 of the relation between the isotropic-equivalent energy Eiso and the peak Epeak of the νFν spectrum (in the source frame of the burst) found by Amati et al. for GRBs. The results presented in this paper therefore provide evidence that X-ray flashes (XRFs), X-ray-rich GRBs, and GRBs form a continuum and are a single phenomenon. The results also impose strong constraints on models of XRFs and X-ray-rich GRBs.
Holographic spectrometers using cylindrical beam volume holograms for large spectral range and high throughput spectroscopy (2007)

Compact slit-less spectrometers using cylindrical beam volume holograms (CBVHs) are presented with several advantages over conventional spectrometers. Spectrometers with large spectral range, large acceptance angle, or high throughput can be demonstrated using special- designed multiplexed CBVHs.
Aspects biochimiques de la technologie fromagère (2010)

Conférence invitée par la Société Brésilienne Tangara<br/>Conférence invitée par la Société Brésilienne Tangara