gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variability of Home Blood Pressure Measurements Between First and Second Measurements on One Occasion, and Factors Related to Variability (2012)

The number of home blood pressure (BP) measurements on one occasion has continued to be discussed. Therefore, we evaluated the variability of the first and second measurements on one occasion. The subjects except hypertensive patients (393 males, 212 females; mean age 38.7 y) were recruited from one company. Home blood pressure was measured with a semiautomatic device, and subjects were instructed to perform triplicate morning and evening measurements on 7 consecutive days. The standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly greater in the first measurement than in the second measurement, but there was no significant difference in standard deviation of diastolic blood pressure. As for the coefficient of variation (CV), CV of morning SBP alone was significantly greater in the first measurement (5.3% ± 0.1%) than in the second measurement (4.9% ± 0.1%). Therefore, factors related to CV of morning SBP in the first measurement were studied, which indicated that it was significantly greater in smokers (5.8% ± 0.1%) than in nonsmokers (5.2% ± 0.1%), and in women (5.6% ± 0.1%) than in men (5.2% ± 0.1%). In conclusion, CV of morning SBP was significantly greater in the first measurement than in the second measurement. The coefficient of variation of morning SBP in the first measurement might be influenced to some extent by the presence or absence of smoking habit and gender. Therefore, physicians should pay special attention to the above-mentioned fact in the future.
Effect of Normalization of Hypometabolic State on Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and in Patients with Essential Hypertension* (1976)

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) manifest a hypothyroid state as evidenced by increased thyroid weight, an increased level of plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and a decreased level of plasma thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). In 18 patients with essential hypertension, plasma TSH, T4 and T3 concentrations were all within the normal range, but the T4 level was significantly lower than in the controls. Among 21 hypothyroid patients, 2 had essential hypertension. Administration of thyroid hormone brought the metabolic state to normal in SHR and in hypothyroid patients but failed to affect the blood pressure. It is suggested that abnormality of thyroid function is neither the cause nor the accentuating factor in the development of hypertension in SH rats and in man.
InGaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes With a Sawtooth-Shaped Sidewall on Sapphire Substrate (2012)

An InGaN light-emitting diode (LED) with a cone-shaped GaN structure and a sawtooth-shaped sapphire sidewall structure was fabricated through a laser-drilling process. The fabricated procedures consisted of a laser scribing/drilling process, a wet etching process, and a chip cleaving process. In the treated LED structure with the laser-drilling sawtooth-shaped sidewall, the light output power had a 16% enhancement compared to a conventional LED structure with a laser-scribing sidewall. A periodic high light emission intensity, with a 2.6- μm width spaced at regular intervals of 3.8 μm, was observed on the treated LED sidewall structure corresponding to the laser-drilling patterns. The LED structure consists of a laser-drilling sidewall and a cone-shaped GaN structure that increases the light extraction efficiency for high efficiency InGaN LED applications.
Pancreatic Ductal Perfusion at Organ Procurement Enhances Islet Yield in Human Islet Isolation (2014)

Both ET-Kyoto solution and cold storage/purification stock solution are suitable for PDP and consistently resulted in isolation success. Further studies with a larger number of pancreas donors should be done to compare the effects of the PDP solutions.
Dense and accurate whole-chromosome haplotyping of individual genomes (2017)

The diploid nature of the human genome is neglected in many analyses done today, where a genome is perceived as a set of unphased variants with respect to a reference genome. This lack of haplotype-level analyses can be explained by a lack of methods that can produce dense and accurate chromosome-length haplotypes at reasonable costs. Here we introduce an integrative phasing strategy that combines global, but sparse haplotypes obtained from strand-specific single-cell sequencing (Strand-seq) with dense, yet local, haplotype information available through long-read or linked-read sequencing. We provide comprehensive guidance on the required sequencing depths and reliably assign more than 95% of alleles (NA12878) to their parental haplotypes using as few as 10 Strand-seq libraries in combination with 10-fold coverage PacBio data or, alternatively, 10X Genomics linked-read sequencing data. We conclude that the combination of Strand-seq with different technologies represents an attractive solution to chart the genetic variation of diploid genomes.
iRGD‐modified exosomes effectively deliver CPT1A siRNA to colon cancer cells, reversing oxaliplatin resistance by regulating fatty acid oxidation (2021)

Fatty acid oxidation (FAO) plays a vital role in drug resistance in cancer cells. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), a key enzyme of FAO, is widely recognized as an emerging therapeutic target. Here, we confirmed that CPT1A was heterogeneously expressed in colon cancer cells, with a high expression in oxaliplatin-resistant cells but low expression in oxaliplatin-sensitive cells, and expression could be increased by oxaliplatin stimulation. In addition, we verified that CPT1A was more highly expressed in colon cancer tissues than in noncancerous tissues. Silencing CPT1A by siRNA or etomoxir, a specific small-molecule inhibitor of CPT1A, could reverse the sensitivity of drug-resistant colon cancer cells to oxaliplatin. Subsequently, the combination of oxaliplatin with CPT1A inhibition promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation. In addition, exosomes were generated with the iRGD peptide on the surface, which showed highly efficient targeting compared with control exosomes in vivo. Furthermore, we loaded and therapeutically applied iRGD-modified exosomes with siCPT1A to specifically deliver siCPT1A into tumours to suppress FAO. As a consequence, iRGD-modified exosomes showed the significant inhibition of CPT1A in tumour tissues and exhibited the ability to reverse oxaliplatin resistance and inhibit tumour growth by inhibiting FAO with high safety in vivo.
Therapeutic potential of fetal liver cell transplantation in hemophilia A mice (2023)

Hemophilia A (HA) cell therapy approaches in pediatric individuals require suitable factor (F)VIII-producing cells for stable engraftment. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) have been demonstrated to be suitable for the treatment of adult HA mice. However, after transplantation in busulfan (BU)-conditioned newborn mice, adult LSEC/HSC cannot efficiently engraft, while murine fetal liver (FL) hemato/vascular cells from embryonic day 11-13 of gestation (E11-E13), strongly engraft the hematopoietic and endothelial compartments while also secreting FVIII. Our aim was to investigate the engraftment of FL cells in newborn HA mice to obtain a suitable "proof of concept" for the development of a new HA treatment in neonates. Hence, we transplanted FL E11 or E13 cells and adult bone marrow (BM) cells into newborn HA mice with or without BU preconditioning. Engraftment levels and FVIII activity were assessed starting from 6 weeks after transplantation. FL E11-E13+ BU transplanted newborns reached up to 95% engraftment with stable FVIII activity levels observed for 16 months. FL E13 cells showed engraftment ability even in the absence of BU preconditioning, while FL E11 cells did not. BM BU transplanted newborn HA mice showed high levels of engraftment; nevertheless, in contrast to FL cells, BM cells cannot engraft HA newborns in BU non-conditioning regimen. Finally, none of the transplanted mice developed anti-FVIII antibodies. Overall, this study sheds some light on the therapeutic potential of healthy FL cells in the cure of HA neonatal/pediatric patients.
Retinoic acid and cyclic AMP synergistically induce the expression of liver/bone/kidney-type alkaline phosphatase gene in L929 fibroblastic cells (1993)

In L929 mouse fibroblastic cells, liver/bone/kidney type alkaline phosphatase (L/B/K-ALP) enzymic activity is induced by all-trans-retinoic acid at concentrations between 10(-6) and 10(-5) M. At lower concentrations, retinoic acid is incapable of inducing this enzymic activity per se, but increases cyclic AMP (cAMP)-mediated induction. This effect is observed after incubation of the retinoid with dibutyryl cAMP, 8-bromo cAMP or forskolin. The synergism is dependent on the order of addition of retinoic acid and the activator of the cAMP pathway. Contemporaneous addition of the two agents, or addition of cAMP prior to retinoic acid (but not addition of retinoic acid before cAMP), is necessary to produce this synergistic interaction. The synergism results in increased steady-state levels of L/B/K-ALP mRNA and it is the consequence of increased transcriptional activity of the gene. The expression of the mouse L/B/K-ALP gene is regulated by the presence of two leader exons, 1A and 1B, resulting in the synthesis of two alternatively spliced mRNAs that are different only in part of their 5' untranslated region [Studer, Terao, Giannì and Garattini (1991) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 179, 1352-1360]. PCR amplification and nuclear run-on experiments performed using probes specific for each leader exon demonstrate that treatment of these cells with retinoic acid, forskolin or dibutyryl cAMP, and with the combination of the retinoid and one of the cAMP-elevating agents, leads to the accumulation of nascent and mature L/B/K-ALP mRNA containing exon 1B. The synergistic induction of the transcription of the L/B/K-ALP gene is well correlated with quantitative and qualitative changes of retinoic-acid-receptor mRNAs mediated by cAMP.
978 (2014)

Jaehne, Anja Kathrin; Sachwani-Daswani, Gul; Rivers, Emanuel; Blyden, Dionne; Horst, Harriette; Kuzich, Mark; Onkoba, Violet; Jayaprakash, Namita Author Information
Profilometry with a coherence scanning microscope (1990)

Coherence scanning microscopy is a new technique in high resolution imaging. It shares many of the features of confocal microscopy but uses coherence effects to enhance the lateral and longitudinal resolution rather than physical apertures. This approach has two significant implications for profilometry: the longitudinal resolution is decoupled from the lateral resolution, and interference effects can be used to further enhance the longitudinal resolution. We detail the features of coherence scanning profilometry and give some examples.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Dendrimer-based postnatal therapy for neuroinflammation and cerebral palsy in a rabbit model. (2012)

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a chronic childhood disorder with no effective cure. Neuroinflammation, caused by activated microglia and astrocytes, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of CP and disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. Targeting neuroinflammation can be a potent therapeutic strategy. However, delivering drugs across the blood-brain barrier to the target cells for treating diffuse brain injury is a major challenge. We show that systemically administered polyamidoamine dendrimers localize in activated microglia and astrocytes in the brain of newborn rabbits with CP, but not healthy controls. We further demonstrate that dendrimer-based N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) therapy for brain injury suppresses neuroinflammation and leads to a marked improvement in motor function in the CP kits. The well-known and safe clinical profile for NAC, when combined with dendrimer-based targeting, provides opportunities for clinical translation in the treatment of neuroinflammatory disorders in humans. The effectiveness of the dendrimer-NAC treatment, administered in the postnatal period for a prenatal insult, suggests a window of opportunity for treatment of CP in humans after birth. PMID: 22517883 Funding information This work was supported by: NICHD NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: 5K08HD050652 Intramural NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: ZIA HD002400-18 NICHD NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: K08 HD050652
Algebraic Tuning Guidelines for Model Predictive Torque and Flux Control (2018)

Finite control set model predictive torque and flux control uses a scalar weight in its cost function to determine the tradeoff between the torque and flux magnitude tracking error terms. This weight strongly influences the current distortions. It will be shown that an optimal weight can be computed algebraically, which minimizes the current distortions. The resulting predictive torque and flux controller achieves current distortions per switching frequency that are very similar to those of a predictive current controller, provided that the corresponding weight on the switching effort is selected appropriately. To this end, a second analytical expression will be derived.
Orthogonal immunoassays for IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 antigens reveal that immune response lasts beyond 4 mo post illness onset (2021)

Significance The COVID-19 pandemic continues to ravage our society, posing serious economic, social, health, and educational concerns in communities. Understanding the human humoral immune response to COVID-19 infection will greatly inform public health measures to help contain the spread of the disease in the foreseeable future. Here, we present an orthogonal approach to SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing using distinct viral antigens. Using this testing platform, we conducted a community-based analysis of patients with varying experiences with COVID-19. The data from our study show correlations between IgG titer and clinical features (i.e. length and severity of COVID-19 illness) and that IgG titers against SARS-CoV-2 may persist for more than 4 mo post onset of COVID-19 illness.
Nitrate, thiocyanate, and perchlorate clearance in relation to chloride clearance (1965)

Simultaneous clearances of inulin, chloride, and nitrate, thiocyanate, or perchlorate were measured in salt-depleted dogs and/or dogs undergoing diuresis induced by mannitol, saline, or sulfate. A method for perchlorate determination in body fluids using methylene blue is given. Plots of excreted/filtered NO 3 , SCN, or ClO 4 against excreted/filtered Cl were made for the present data and for data taken from the literature. All of the available nitrate data conform to a power function between these two variables with an exponent of .36–.38. Thiocyanate clearance was nearly equal to chloride clearance; during infusion of other foreign anions it was usually higher than chloride clearance. Perchlorate clearance was much higher than chloride clearance but varied with it. It is concluded that all of these anions may be reabsorbed passively and noncompetitively in the same portions of the nephron; distal active reabsorption may also play a role.
Elastic and Fracture Behavior of Three-Dimensional Ply-to-Ply Angle Interlock Woven Composites: Through-Thickness, Size Effect, and Multiaxial Tests (2020)

This work presents a comprehensive investigation of the elastic and fracture behavior of ply-to-ply angle interlock three-dimensional woven composites. The research investigated novel splitting and wedge-driven out-of-plane fracture tests to shed light on the tensile fracture behavior in the thickness direction and to provide estimates of the out-of-plane tensile strength and fracture energy. In addition, size effect tests on geometrically-scaled Single Edge Notch Tension (SENT) specimens were performed to fully characterize the intra-laminar fracture energy of the material and to study the scaling of structural strength in this type of three-dimensional composites. The results confirmed that size effect in the structural strength of these materials is significant. In fact, even if the range of sizes investigated was broader than in any previous size effect study on traditional laminated composites and two-dimensional textile composites, all the experimental data fell in the transition zone between quasi-ductile and brittle behavior. This implies strong damage tolerance of the investigated three-dimensional composites. The analysis of the data via Bazant's Type II Size Effect Law (SEL) enabled the objective characterization of the intra-laminar fracture energy of three-dimensional composites for the first time. Finally, Arcan rig tests combined with X-ray micro-computed tomography allowed unprecedented insights on the different damage mechanisms under multi-axial nominal loading conditions, particularly tension-dominated and shear-dominated conditions.
Optimal operation of oil and gas production using simple feedback control structures (2019)

The purpose of this paper is to describe the control challenges related to optimal operation of oil and gas production wells, and show that optimal operation can be achieved using simple feedback control structures. In particular, we find that conventional feedback control structures can efficiently handle changes in active constraint regions using simple logics such as split-range and selectors. This eliminates the need for complex models to be used in the optimization problem, and in addition eliminates the need to solve numerical optimization problems online. Thus, by using only simple feedback controllers that have been used widely in the oil and gas industry, it has a higher chance of implementation. We demonstrate the use of simple feedback controllers on two application examples; 1) a gas-lift optimization simulation study with a network of six gas-lifted wells, 2) an experimental study of optimal control of electrical submersible pump (ESP) lifted oil wells tested on a large-scale experimental test facility with a full scale ESP and live viscous crude oil.
Successful treatment‐free remission in chronic myeloid leukaemia and its association with reduced immune suppressors and increased natural killer cells (2020)

There is currently no biomarker that reliably predicts treatment-free remission (TFR) in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). We characterised effector and suppressor immune responses at the time of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) cessation in patients from the CML8 and CML10 clinical studies. Natural killer (NK) cells with increased expression of activating NK receptors were higher in patients who achieved TFR. There was no difference in the proportion of CD4<sup>+</sup> or CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. Furthermore, we found that FoxP3<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells (T reg) and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (Mo-MDSCs) were concomitantly decreased in TFR patients, suggesting that the effector and suppressor arms of the immune system work in concert to mediate TFR. A discovery cohort (CML10) was used to generate a predictive model, using logistic regression. Patients classified into the high-risk group were more likely to relapse when compared with the low-risk group (HR 7·4, 95% CI 2·9-19·1). The model was successfully validated on the independent CML8 cohort (HR 8·3, 95% CI 2·2-31·3). Effective prediction of TFR success may be obtained with an effector-suppressor score, calculated using absolute NK cell, T reg, and Mo-MDSC counts, at TKI cessation, reflecting the contribution of both immune suppressors and effectors in the immunobiology underlying successful TFR.
Controllable Neural Text-to-Speech Synthesis Using Intuitive Prosodic Features (2020)

Modern neural text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis can generate speech that is indistinguishable from natural speech.However, the prosody of generated utterances often represents the average prosodic style of the database instead of having wide prosodic variation.Moreover, the generated prosody is solely defined by the input text, which does not allow for different styles for the same sentence.In this work, we train a sequence-to-sequence neural network conditioned on acoustic speech features to learn a latent prosody space with intuitive and meaningful dimensions.Experiments show that a model conditioned on sentencewise pitch, pitch range, phone duration, energy, and spectral tilt can effectively control each prosodic dimension and generate a wide variety of speaking styles, while maintaining similar mean opinion score (4.23) to our Tacotron baseline (4.26).
Perspectives of TGF-β inhibition in pancreatic and hepatocellular carcinomas (2013)

Advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are non-curable diseases with a particularly poor prognosis. Over the last decade, research has increasingly focused on the microenvironment surrounding cancer cells, and its role in tumour development and progression. PDAC and HCC differ markedly regarding their pathological features: PDAC are typically stromal-predominant, desmoplastic, poorly vascularized tumours, whereas HCC are cellular and highly vascularized. Despite these very different settings, PDAC and HCC share transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) as a common key-signalling mediator, involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and stroma-tumour dialogue. Recently, novel drugs blocking the TGF-β pathway have entered clinical evaluation demonstrating activity in patients with advanced PDAC and HCC. TGF-β signalling is complex and mediates both pro- and anti-tumoural activities in cancer cells depending on their context, in space and time, and their microenvironment. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the role of the TGF-β pathway and its deregulation in PDAC and HCC development and progression at the cellular and microenvironment levels. We also summarize key preclinical and clinical data on the role of TGF-β as a target for therapeutic intervention in PDAC and HCC, and explore perspectives to optimize TGF-β inhibition therapy.
Quantitative Evaluation of Confidence Measures in a Machine Learning World (2017)

Confidence measures aim at detecting unreliable depth measurements and play an important role for many purposes and in particular, as recently shown, to improve stereo accuracy. This topic has been thoroughly investigated by Hu and Mordohai in 2010 (and 2012) considering 17 confidence measures and two local algorithms on the two datasets available at that time. However, since then major breakthroughs happened in this field: the availability of much larger and challenging datasets, novel and more effective stereo algorithms including ones based on deep learning and confidence measures leveraging on machine learning techniques. Therefore, this paper aims at providing an exhaustive and updated review and quantitative evaluation of 52 (actually, 76 considering variants) state-of-the-art confidence measures - focusing on recent ones mostly based on random-forests and deep learning - with three algorithms on the challenging datasets available today. Moreover we deal with problems inherently induced by learning-based confidence measures. How are these methods able to generalize to new data? How a specific training improves their effectiveness? How more effective confidence measures can actually improve the overall stereo accurac?
Graphs of restrictions and DNA physical mapping (1988)

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