gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotection by dopamine agonists (1994)

Research on Parkinson's disease has led to new hypotheses concerning the mechanisms of neurodegeneration and to the development of neuroprotective agents. Recent findings of impaired mitochondrial function, altered iron metabolism and increased lipid peroxidation in the substantia nigra of parkinsonian patients emphasize the significance of oxidative stress and free radical formation in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Present research is therefore focussing on improvements in neuroprotective therapy to prevent or slow the rate of progression of the disease. Possible neuroprotective strategies include free radical scavengers, monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors, iron chelators and glutamate antagonists. Recent studies point to the possibility of achieving neuroprotection in ageing and parkinsonism by the administration of dopamine agonists. In the rat, the dopamine agonist pergolide appears to preserve the integrity of nigrostriatal neurones with ageing. The prevention of age-related degeneration may be achieved as a result of a decreased dopamine turnover and reduced conversion of dopamine to toxic compounds. In our own study, bromocriptine treatment prevented the striatal dopamine reduction following MPTP administration in the mouse. These results suggest that the neurotoxic effects of MPTP can be prevented by bromocriptine. Monotherapy with the dopamine agonist lisuride in the early stages of Parkinson's disease delays the need for the initiation of levodopa treatment to a similar extent as has been reported for L-deprenyl. It remains to be shown whether this is due to neuroprotective efficacy of the dopamine agonist or to a direct symptomatic effect.
Pesticides and other occupational exposures are associated with airway obstruction: the LifeLines cohort study (2013)

Occupational exposure to both VGDF and pesticides is associated with airway obstruction in the general population.
Oxidation of arylacetylhydrazones of carbonyl compounds with lead tetraacetate (1982)

Abstract Oxidation of the title compounds 8, 9 with lead tetraacetate at room temperature gives a variety of products depending on the substituents on the carbonyl carbon atom. Thus, on oxidation of the aldehyde derivatives 8 1,3,4‐oxadiazolo derivatives 10 are obtained in good yields. However in some cases formation of N ‐acetyl‐ N ‐arylacetyl‐ N ′‐benzoylhydrazines 11 is also observed, whereas oxidation of the ketone hydrazones 9 gives in good yields the 2H,5H‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles 15 or substituted monoacetoxy‐ 17 and diacetoxyalkanes 18 . The reaction mechanisms are also discussed.
4-Anilidopiperidine analgesics. 2. A study of the conformational aspects of the analgesic activity of the 4-anilidopiperidines utilizing isomeric N-substituted 3-(propananilido)nortropane analogs (1979)

Relatively little information is available concerning the influence of conformational factors on the potent analgesic actions of the 4-anilidopiperidines. A series of N-substituted 3 alpha- and 3 beta-(propananilido)nortropanes have been designed, synthesized, and stereochemically characterized as semirigid analogues of the 4-anilidopiperidine analgesics in an attempt to study the influence of certain stereochemical factors on analgesia in this class of compounds. Conformational analysis of 3 alpha-propananilides (4) reveals a boat conformation for the preferred conformation of the piperidine ring of these tropane analogues. Evaluation of the analgesic potencies of the isomeric N-substituted 3-(propananilido)nortropanes of this study indicates greater potency for the 3 beta-(propananilido) isomers (5) with N-benzyl and N-phenethyl substitution as compared to the corresponding N-substituted 3 alpha-propananilides. Analysis of relative solubility differences among these isomers suggests that both structural and stereochemical influences predominate in affecting analgesic potency.
Experimental Verification of Model-Free Vibration Control Technique Based on a Virtual Controlled Object Considering Actuator Parameter Uncertainty (2021)

Abstract This study proposes a novel model-free vibration controller based on a virtual controlled object (VCO) considering actuator parameter uncertainty. A proof-mass actuator, which is modeled as a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system, is employed. A VCO, which is defined as an SDOF system, is inserted between the actual controlled object and the actuator model. Considering frequency transfer characteristic from actual controlled object to VCO, setting appropriate parameters of the VCO realizes model-free control. A state equation to design the model-free controller is derived based on the two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) system composed of the actuator model and the VCO. The actuator parameter uncertainty is quantitatively modeled in the 2DOF plant. Traditional mixed H2/H∞ control theory is applied for the uncertain plant to design a model-free controller with high damping performance and robustness to the actuator uncertainty. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is confirmed by vibration control experiments.
Blood micronutrient, oxidative stress, and viral load in patients with chronic hepatitis C (2005)

The levels of Zn, Se, Cu, and oxidative stress (MDA), as well as related anti-oxidative enzymes (GR and GPX) in blood have important impact on the viral factors in chronic hepatitis C. The distribution of these parameters might be significant biomarkers for HCV.
Why do we need elastic optical path networking in the 1 Tb/s era? (2011)

We overview the concept and key elements of elastic optical path networking and the benefits in terms of spectral resource savings, disaster survivability, and efficient IP traffic offloading. We also discuss the growing anticipation for advanced optoelectronic devices to support future elastic optical networks.
Studying ancient materials with multi-physics for preventive purposes. The case of prehistoric wall paintings. (2015)

International audience
Planar Hall Effect in Ferromagnetic Films (1968)

Abstract The planar Hall effect of Ni, Fe, Co and Ni‐Fe films with thicknesses between 100 and 1500 Å is investigated in the temperature range 77 to 293°K. It is shown that the experimental data obtained may be explained by assuming that the mechanism of scattering and reflection on film surfaces does not give an appreciable contribution to the planar Hall effect.
Increased expression and colocalization of GAP43 and CASP3 after brain ischemic lesion in mouse (2015)

GAP43 is a protein involved in neurite outgrowth during development and axon regeneration reflecting its presynaptic localization in developing neurons. Recently, it has been demonstrated that GAP43 is a ligand of CASP3 involved in receptor endocytosis and is also localized post-synaptically. In this study, by using a transgenic mouse strain carrying a bioluminescent reporter for GAP43 combined with an in vivo bioluminescence assay for CASP3, we demonstrated that one day after brain ischemic lesion and, even more pronounced, four days after stroke, expression of both CASP3 and Gap43 in neurons increased more than 40 times. The in vivo approach of CASP3 and GAP43 colocalization imaging was further validated and quantified by immunofluorescence. Importantly, in 82% of GAP43 positive cells, colocalization with CASP3 was present. These findings suggested that one and four days after stroke CASP3 expression, not necessarily associated with neuronal death, increased and suggested that CASP3 and GAP43 might be part of a common molecular pathway involved in early response to ischemic events occurring after onset of stroke.
CMOS EIGHT-TRANSISTOR MEMORY CELL FOR LOW-DYNAMIC-POWER HIGH-SPEED EMBEDDED SRAM (2008)

Embedded SRAM design with high noise margin between read and write, low power, low supply voltages, and high speed become essential features in VLSI embedded applications. The complete embedded SRAM design of self-timing synchronization is proposed based on the CMOS eight-transistor (8T-Cell) memory cell circuit. The cell is based on the traditional six-transistor (6T-Cell) cross-coupled invertors with the addition of two NMOS transistors for separate read buffer circuit. The read buffer structure is based on pre-charging the read bit-line during the low value of read clock and evaluating the read bit-line during the high value of read clock, thereby maintaining one active line per column and eliminating the use of traditional sense amplifier with all its synchronization schemes. The simulation results show that the embedded SRAM of size 128-bit × 128-bit is operating at a maximum frequency of 200 MHz for Write and Read clock cycles with 1.62 V power supply, and measures a total average power consumption of 22.60 mW. All simulation results were conducted on 0.18 μm TSMC single poly and three layers of metals measuring a cell area of 2.2 × 3.0 μ m 2 . The circuit is not meant to replace the SRAM with 6T-Cell transistor structure; however, it is attractive for applications related to high density with automation road-map design, such as graphic and network processor chips. In these applications, memory sizes are introduced in many different irregular geometries and uses all over the chip with storage sizes less than 20 k-bit, in addition, it is susceptible to large substrate noise as well as large coupling wire routing.
Heavy Metal Leaching Behavior of Glasses Containing EAF Dust (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
History and Basic Concepts (1993)

The concept of the blood-brain barrier derives from the classical studies of the pioneers in chemotherapy, such as Ehrlich, who administered dyestuffs parenterally in the hope that they would attack infective organisms. Thus Ehrlich observed that many dyes, after intravenous injection, stained the tissues of practically the whole body, while the brain was spared. Later, Lewandowsky (1900) showed that the Prussian blue reagents (iron salt and potassium ferrocyanide) did not pass from blood to brain, and he formulated clearly the concept of the blood-brain barrier (Bluthirnschranke). The more definitive demonstration of the barrier we owe to Goldmann, who showed (1909) that, after intravenous injection with trypan blue, the brain was unstained; the dye did not enter the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), although the choroid plexuses and meninges were stained. In a second paper (Goldmann, 1913), he described experiments in which trypan blue was injected into the CSF; in this event, the brain tissue was strongly stained, so that Goldmann rightly concluded that there was, indeed, a barrier between blood, on the one hand, and brain tissue on the other. Any argument that the failure to stain the brain with trypan blue after intravenous injection was due to a peculiar staining feature of the nervous tissue was negated by this fundamental ‘second experiment’, the first experiment being the demonstration that nervous tissue was unstained after intravenous injection.
O papel da Odontologia no incentivo ao aleitamento materno em ação interprofissional na Ilha do Combu, na Amazônia: relato de experiência do PET-Saúde/UFPA (2023)

Objetivo: A integralidade deve ser aplicada a todos os âmbitos de cuidado em saúde, sendo a odontologia uma área de grande importância neste processo. Este estudo objetiva relatar a experiência de um grupo de alunos e preceptores dos cursos de Odontologia, Medicina, Nutrição e Terapia Ocupacional em uma ação de saúde interprofissional, desenvolvida com o grupo de mulheres do Programa de Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo na Ilha do Combu, na Semana Mundial de Amamentação, além de elucidar a colaboração da odontologia no cuidado integral no puerpério e amamentação. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, fomentado pelo PET-Saúde/Interprofissionalidade. As gestantes, puérperas e lactantes ribeirinhas da Unidade Básica de Saúde Ilha do Combu foram convidadas pela equipe de saúde para palestras, rodas de conversa e dinâmicas os mais diversos benefícios do aleitamento materno. Resultados: Durante a ação apresentada, houve grande interação entre as diversas áreas da saúde, relacionando os benefícios nutricionais do aleitamento materno ao desenvolvimento do complexo estomatognático e das arcadas dentárias, imunológico, emocional e motor da criança. Conclusão: Foi possível obter uma comunicação horizontal entre as mães da comunidade e a equipe de saúde, promovendo, assim, significativa troca de conhecimento e saúde humanizada na Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Altered cytokine and nitric oxide secretion in vitro by macrophages from diabetic type II-like db/db mice. (2000)

Macrophage dysfunction is a likely mechanism underlying common diabetic complications such as increased susceptibility to infection, accelerated atherosclerosis, and disturbed wound healing. There are no available studies on the function of tissue macrophages in diabetes in humans. We have therefore studied peritoneal macrophages from diabetic type 2-like db/db mice. We found that the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta from lipopolysaccharide plus interferon-gamma-stimulated macrophages and vascular endothelial growth factor from both stimulated and nonstimulated macrophages was significantly reduced in diabetic animals compared with nondiabetic controls. Nitric oxide production from the stimulated db/db macrophages was significantly higher than that in the db/+ cultures, whereas there was no difference in their ability to generate reactive oxygen species. When studied both at light and electron microscopic levels, macrophages in diabetic animals had an altered morphological appearance compared with those of normal controls. We conclude that the function and morphology of the macrophages are disturbed in db/db mice and that this disturbance is related to the mechanisms underlying common inflammatory and degenerative manifestations in diabetes.
Regulatory T Cell–Derived IL-10 Ameliorates Crescentic GN (2013)

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) exert their immunosuppressive activity through several immunoregulatory mechanisms, including the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Although several studies suggest a role for Tregs in modulating crescentic GN, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, using IL-10 reporter mice, we detected IL-10-producing Foxp3(+) T cells in the kidney, blood, and secondary lymphoid tissue in a mouse model of crescentic GN. Specific inactivation of Il10 in Foxp3(+) Tregs eliminated the ability of these cells to suppress renal and systemic production of IFNγ and IL-17; these IL-10-deficient Tregs lost their capacity to attenuate renal tissue injury. These data highlight the suppressive functions of Tregs in crescentic GN and suggest the importance of Treg-derived IL-10 in ameliorating disease severity and in modulating both the Th1 and most notably Th17 immune response.
Estimating Perfusion Deficits in Acute Stroke Patients Without Perfusion Imaging (2022)

The NIH-FHV score provides an estimate of the PWI lesion volume and, when combined with diffusion weighted imaging, may be helpful when trying to determine whether there is a clinically relevant diffusion-perfusion mismatch in situations where perfusion imaging is not available. Further studies are needed to validate this approach.
Sludge production characteristics of small-scale wastewater treatment facilities using anaerobic/aerobic biofilm reactors (1996)

Sludge production characteristics were investigated in many on-site small-scale wastewater treatment facilities used to treat domestic wastewater of about 1.25m3/day. Two popular types have been used in experiments for several years; one was an anaerobic bed reactor with constant flow-rate control system followed by aerobic bio-filtration reactor CFR type facility), and the other was an aerobic bed reactor with plug-flow stream followed by aerobic biofilm reactor (PFS type facility). Circulation ratio was set at 0 and 4. From the results obtained, lower sludge production rates were observed in CFR type facilities. Furthermore, it was suggested that a promotion of sludge decrease occurred in facilities with high denitrification activity at circulation ratio of 4. The results from experiments with different SS loading rates in laboratory-scale reactors suggested that at higher loading rates, the produced sludge was greater on account of the decrease of nitrification activity even on a circulating operation.
A deprotection strategy of a BODIPY conjugated porous polymer to obtain a heterogeneous (dipyrrin)(bipyridine)ruthenium(ii) visible light photocatalyst (2016)

A deprotection strategy of BODIPY conjugated porous polymers (CMPBDP) has been applied to synthesize a new (dipyrrin)(bipyridine)Ru(<sc>ii</sc>) (<bold>CMPBDP-Ru</bold>) efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst for iminium ion generation under visible light.
A Prospective Study of Calcium Intake and Incident and Fatal Prostate Cancer (2006)

Prostate cancer is the most common incident cancer and the second leading cause of cancer mortality in U.S. males. Higher milk intake has been relatively consistently associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, especially advanced prostate cancer. Some data suggest that high intake of calcium might account for this association, but this relationship remains controversial. We hypothesized that high calcium intake, possibly by lowering 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D levels, is associated with poorer differentiation in prostate cancer and thereby with fatal prostate cancer. We examined calcium intake in relation to prostate cancer risk using data from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, a prospective cohort study of 47,750 male health professionals with no history of cancer other than nonmelanoma skin cancer at baseline. We assessed total, dietary, and supplementary calcium intake in 1986, 1990, 1994, and 1998, using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We calculated the multivariable relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using Cox proportional hazards regression. Over 16 years of follow-up, we identified 3,544 total cases of prostate cancer, 523 advanced (extraprostatic) cases, and 312 fatal cases. Higher calcium intake was not appreciably associated with total or nonadvanced prostate cancer but was associated with a higher risk of advanced and fatal prostate cancer [for fatal prostate cancer, compared with men whose long-term calcium intake was 500-749 mg/d (excluding supplement use of <5 years); those with intakes of 1,500-1,999 mg/d had a RR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.17-3.01; and those with > or = 2,000 mg/d had a RR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.32-4.48; P(trend) = 0.003]. Dietary calcium and supplementary calcium were independently associated with an increased risk. For high-grade prostate cancer (Gleason > or = 7), an association was observed for high versus low calcium intake (RR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.32-2.71; P(trend) = 0.005), but a nonsignificant, inverse association was observed for organ-confined, low-grade prostate cancer (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.50-1.25; P(trend) = 0.09). In a sample of this cohort, higher calcium intake was associated with lower circulating 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D levels. Our findings suggest that calcium intakes exceeding 1,500 mg/d may be associated with a decrease in differentiation in prostate cancer and ultimately with a higher risk of advanced and fatal prostate cancer but not with well-differentiated, organ-confined cancers.
Quantitative determination of straight and cyclic hydrocarbons in crystallized permethylated-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes by static headspace-gas chromatography (2001)

Static headspace-gas chromatography (HS-GC) method is used for determination of the stoichiometry of crystalline inclusion complexes of heptakis (2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin (TRIMEB) with methylcyclohexane, pentane, cyclohexane, hexane, (–)-α-pinene, and (±)-α-pinene. The ‘Full Evaporation Technique’ (FET) with Multiple Headspace Extraction (MHE) measurements is realized in a straightforward manner on the solid material; this appears to be the most convenient method for quantitative determination of the guest/host ratio. As an interesting alternative, the ‘solution approach’ (sample dissolved in the solvent) is also performed by a single extraction with ethanol as solvent, which is sufficiently polar to dissociate these complexes. TRIMEB forms stable 1 : 1 complexes with cycloalkanes or cycloalkenes at room temperature and normal pressure. In contrast, the stoichiometry with n-alkane is different from ratio of 1 : 1 because this solid shows efflorescent behavior under the same conditions.
Bioconversion of plant biomass to ethanol. Final report, December 1, 1979-December 31, 1980 (1980)

This final report describes research performed on a process for the direct fermentation of pretreated hardwood and corn stover to ethanol. Experimental investigations were conducted on the technical problem areas that limit the utilization of lignocellulose for ethanol production, i.e., wood pretreatment, culture development, and fermentation. Considerable technical progress has been demonstrated in each area. The experimental findings have led to process design improvements that can reduce the capital cost for ethanol production. Studies on wood pretreatment to enhance carbohydrate recovery and susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis continued to show progress. Rapid decompression of treated fibers to atmospheric pressure was found to make little or no contribution to enhancing the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis. Acid extraction of the hemicellulose component prior to sulfur dioxide augmented wood steaming increased the overall fermentable carbohydrate recovery and, therefore, the attainable yield of ethanol. Only modest improvements in fiber digestibility are now required to meet the pretreatment goals. A new and highly cellulolytic strain of C. thermocellum, designated as strain YS, was isolated from hot springs soil samples and tested. A previously unreported effect of stirring and hydrogen on the fermentation product pattern of several strains of C. thermocellum was discovered. Mono- and co-culture fermentations were performed to understand the factors that affect the yield of ethanol. Co-culturing C. thermocellum strain YS with efficient ethanol-producing non-cellulolytic strains resulted in higher ethanol yields than that observed in strain YS mono-culture cellulose fermentation. The feasibility of ethanol production at high substrate concentrations was investigated in serum bottle experiments. The amount of ethanol produced declined as the substrate concentration increased.