gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kernel-Weighted Graph Convolutional Network: A Deep Learning Approach for Traffic Forecasting (2018)

Traffic forecasting is of great significance and has many applications in Intelligent Traffic System (ITS). In spite of many thoughtful attempts in the past decades, this task still remains far from being solved, due to the diversity, complexity and nonlinearity of traffic situations. Technically, it can be cast on the framework of regressions with spatial-template data. Typically, one may consider to employ the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to achieve this goal. Unfortunately, the traditional CNN is developed for grid data. By contrast, here we are facing with non-grid traffic data points that are observed spatially at locations of interest. To this end, this paper proposes a novel Kernel-Weighted Graph Convolutional Network (KW-GCN) for traffic forecasting, which learns simultaneously a group of convolutional kernels and their linear combination weights for each of the nodes in the graph. This yields a mechanism that is able to learn the features locally and exploit the structure information of traffic road-network globally. By introducing additional parameters, our KW-GCN can relax the restriction of weight sharing in classical CNN to better handle the traffic data of non-stationarity. Furthermore, it has been illustrated that the proposed linear weighting of kernels can be viewed as the low-rank decomposition of the well-known locally-connected networks, and thus it avoids over-fitting to some degree. We apply our approach to the real-world GPS data set of about 30,000 taxis in seven months in Beijing. Experiments on both taxi-flow forecasting and road-speed forecasting demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art ones.
Arachidonic Acid Signalling in the Nervous System (2006)

Abstract Arachidonic acid integrates phospholipid molecules of cell membranes. When arachidonic acid is released it becomes itself a messenger or is the precursor of a wide variety of arachidonic acid‐derived messengers. These bioactive lipids modulate the function of ion channels, receptors, neurotransmitter release, synaptic plasticity, glia–neuron relationships and programmes of neuronal gene expression. Therefore, arachidonic acid signalling participates in cell function and in certain pathologic conditions of the nervous system. The availability of arachidonic acid is regulated by the biosynthesis of specific phospholipids molecular species, their arachidonate remodelling, and the regulation of the release of arachidonic acid from membrane reservoirs and the subsequent conversion steps (e.g. cyclo‐oxygenation, lipooxygenation).
Hydrodesulfurization Pathway of 4,6-Dimethyldibenzothiophene through Isomerization over Y-Zeolite Containing CoMo/Al2O3 Catalyst (1996)

Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reactivity of a refractory sulfur species, 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT), was examined over a Y-zeolite containing CoMo/Al2O3 (CoMo/Al2O3-zeolite), conventional CoMo/Al2O3, and NiMo/Al2O3. Isomerization and considerable transalkylation of 4,6-DMDBT into 3,6-DMDBT and into tri- or tetramethyldibenzothiophenes, respectively, were observed characteristically over CoMo/Al2O3-zeolite catalyst. Migration of methyl groups enhances the HDS reactivity of the refractory sulfur species by diminishing the steric hindrance. Among the catalysts examined, CoMo/Al2O3-zeolite exhibited the best activity for HDS of the gas oil through the effective desulfurization of refractory alkyldibenzothiophenes.
Quasi-Dynamic Electromagnetic Field Safety Analysis and Mitigation for High-Power Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles (2021)

Dynamic wireless charging of electric vehicles (EV) is an emerging charging technology to enable non-contact wireless charging while the vehicle is moving. Compared to stationary wireless charging, in-motion wireless charging involves dynamic processes in which an EV is passing over the charging pads (transmitters). This in-motion process makes the dynamic electromagnetic (EM) environment more complicated, and EM safety needs to be ensured under all circumstances. This is due to the fact that the entire vehicle body may be exposed to magnetic fields while the vehicle moves over the energized transmitter. This paper investigates several typical charging scenarios when EVs approach, pass over, and move away from the charging pads. Quasi-dynamic models, which are preliminarily verified by coils' inductance measurements, are developed to analyze the dynamic process. Based on the quasi-dynamic analysis, shielding solutions are also studied to ensure EM safety for the dynamic wireless charging processes.
Drug Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure (2003)

Congestive heart failure (CHF), a syndrome with several pathologic backgrounds, is associated with a series of neuroendocrine (neurohumoral) processes that are triggered by the underlying problem of cardiac pump failure. Several important pathophysiologic systems are stimulated, including the reninangiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), the release of vasopressin from the hypothalamus/pituitary axis, and the release of atrial-brain natriuretic peptides from the heart. These neuroendocrine mechanisms are not only highly relevant from diagnostic and pathophysiologic viewpoints, but are also realistic targets for drug treatment. Over the years, it has become clear that drug treatment of CHF with inotropic agents, aiming at the improvement of pump failure, offers but modest benefit. It appears to be preferable to use drugs to target the neuroendocrine processes, and this approach will be the goal of this review. Accordingly, the following therapeutic principles may be applied: 1. Suppression of the hyperactivity of the RAAS, by means of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin type 1-receptor antagonists (AT,-blockers); 2. Antagonism of the effects of aldosterone, by means of spironolactone and (possibly) other aldosterone antagonists; 3. Suppression of the hyperactivity of the SNS by means of f-blockers, and (possibly) centrally acting agents such as clonidine, which cause peripheral sympatho-inhibition; and 4. Vasopressin antagonists. The validity of these various concepts will be the subject of the present review.
Challenging issues in the management of extranodal lymphomas (2008)

This chapter provides an overview of the main challenging questions and controversial issues that one has to tackle when dealing with the management of extranodal lymphomas. The term extranodal lymphoma encompasses a vast assortment of morphologies, molecular alterations, and clinical presentations. The exact designation of extranodal lymphoma is controversial, particularly in the presence of both nodal and extranodal disease. The proportion of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas presenting at extranodal sites accounts for from one-quarter to more than one-half of new lymphoma cases, with important geographic variations. The influence of the localization site on the outcome is less clear in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, where multifocal lesions are present in 20–40% of patients. Dissemination is more frequent in non-gastric lymphomas and can occur either to other mucosal sites or to a non-mucosal site such as spleen, bone marrow, or liver. Considering the many variables which influence site-specific outcome in extranodal lymphomas, it is questionable whether a general distinction has clinical relevance.
Estimating the parameters of a random amplitude sinusoid from its sample covariances (2002)

In this paper, we consider the best asymptotic accuracy that can be achieved when estimating the parameters of a random-amplitude sinusoid from its sample covariances. An estimator, based upon matching in a weighted least-squares sense the sample correlation sequence to the theoretical sequence is presented. The asymptotic properties of the estimator are analyzed. A lower bound on the estimation of the parameters from sample covariances is derived. This bound is shown to be attainable by appropriately choosing the weighting matrix. Numerical simulations illustrate the performance of the proposed estimator and the validity of the theoretical analysis. Finally, a comparison with Yule-Walker methods is given.
A systematic investigation of the stability of green fluorescent protein fusion proteins (2015)

X-ray crystallography provides important insights into structure-function relationship in biomolecules. However, protein crystals are usually hard to obtain which hinders our understanding of multiple important processes. Crystallization requires large amount of protein sample, whereas recombinant proteins are often unstable or insoluble. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion is one of the approaches to increase protein synthesis, solubility and stability, facilitating crystallization. In this study we analyze the influence of the linker length, composition and the position of GFP relative to the fusion partner on the fusion protein production and stability. To this end, multiple constructs of enzymatically impaired variant of PemKSa toxin from Staphylococcus aureus CH91 fused to GFP were generated. Fusion protein production in Escherichia coli was evaluated. The proteins were purified and their stability tested. PemKSa-α14aa-GFP fusion provided best production and stability. Obtained results demonstrate the importance of optimization of fusion protein construct, including linker selection and the order of fusion partners, in obtaining high quantities of stable protein for crystallization.
Simultaneous and Rapid Detection of Salmonella typhi, Bacillus anthracis, and Yersinia pestis by Using Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (2013)

The designed methods are accurate, rapid, and inexpensive to find and differentiate these bacteria from similar bacteria. They can be applied for rapid diagnosis of these agents in different specimens, and bioterrorism cases.
High-power single-mode neodymium fibre laser (1997)

A double-clad single-mode neodymium fibre laser was constructed. The cw output power of the laser was 3 W at the wavelength of 1.06 μm. The fibre laser was pumped by a fibre-coupled diode laser array. The efficiency of the fibre laser was 43%.
Ceramic packaging reliability study of a 13.5 kV multichip thyristor (2011)

We present our work on the reliability of the new ceramic housing of our 13.5 kV multichip thyristor. First ceramic versions manifested terrible failure after only a few shots under a bias voltage of 10 kV and a peak current of 110 kA in the best case. This problem has been solved and the newer ceramic-housing version is now fully commercialized under the model number 5SPB36Z1350. This product version completes successfully a stress test of 200 shots under previous conditions without failing. Moreover, no aging behavior has been detected.
THE FEATSYNTH FRAMEWORK FOR FEATURE-BASED SYNTHESIS: DESIGN AND APPLICATIONS (2007)

This paper describes the FeatSynth framework, a set of open-source C++ classes intended to make it as easy as possible to integrate feature-based synthesis techniques into audio software.We briefly review the key ideas behind feature-based synthesis, and then discuss the framework's architecture.We emphasize design choices meant to make the framework more flexible and straightforward to use.A number of illustrative examples of applications and tools developed using FeatSynth are presented to highlight different ways in which the API can be used.These examples include a command-line system for performing (among other things) offline non-phonorealistic analysis-synthesis transformations, a system allowing users to interactively manipulate the feature values used to control synthesis, and a ChucK FeatSynth plugin making use of the new "Chugin" ChucK plugin framework.
Exploiting Multi-Antennas for Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks (2007)

For opportunistic spectrum sharing in cognitive radio (CR) networks, maximizing own transmit rate and minimizing interference powers at primary receivers are in general two conflicting goals to be accomplished by a secondary user. This paper studies this fundamental tradeoff from an information-theoretic perspective by characterizing the secondary user's channel capacity under both its own transmit-power constraint and an interference-power constraint at each primary receiver. In particular, this paper exploits multi-antennas at the secondary transmitter to balance effectively between spatial multiplexing and interference avoidance. Both optimal and suboptimal algorithms for design of the secondary user's transmit spatial spectrum are presented and their performances are compared.
Carbon Dioxide Decomposition by Plasma Methods and Application of High Energy and High Density Plasmas in Material Processing and Nanostructures (2010)

The increase of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere can cause climatic and geographical changes which will destroy nature. In order to combat this destruction many researchers have attempted either decomposition of carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide sequestration so as to bring the carbon dioxide content down to 260 ppm in the atmosphere. In the present paper, we have summarized some of the earlier attempts at the decomposition of carbon dioxide. We give a detailed introduction about the gas tunnel type of plasma jet for the decomposition of carbon dioxide. However, in most of the earlier attempts, carbon dioxide decomposed into carbon monoxide which is highly poisonous and it is a drawback in these attempts. In order to circumvent this drawback we have proposed a scheme for decomposition of carbon dioxide using an array of high voltage electrode systems with which it may be possible to decompose carbon dioxide to its constituents. We will also present some of the results of material processing using the gas tunnel type plasma jet and high energy high density non equilibrium plasma under fusion conditions such as those prevailing in dense plasma focus (DPF) device.
Vacuum Microwave Treatment of Potato Starch and the Resultant Modification of Properties (2011)

Abstract The study focuses on the vacuum microwave treatment of low‐moisture potato starch. Typical temperature and drying profiles are presented and explained with the help of other process parameters such as sample weight, pressure, incident and absorbed microwave power. Subsequently water absorption capacity of vacuum microwave treated and conduction heated samples was investigated at 55 °C. During vacuum microwave treatment, 50 g samples were treated with incident powers of 460, 500 and 750 W at 3800 Pa for durations between 30 and 300 s. Water absorption capacity increased exponentially with the net absorbed energy but could not be functionally correlated to end temperature and incident power. During conduction heating, starch samples were treated at temperature values of 120, 130, 140, 150 and 160 °C, till constant weight. The water absorption capacity was observed to increase with increase in treatment temperature.
Neonatal enteroviral myocarditis: a potentially devastating disease (2020)

Abstract Myocarditis is the most common cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. Diagnosis can be challenging—the presentation can vary from mild heart failure to cardiogenic shock and is often preceded by respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms. The aetiology is predominantly viral in childhood. The electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, and cardiac biomarkers all assist in making the diagnosis. There is an emerging role for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging as a diagnostic tool. Endocardial biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis, but the risk of the procedure often precludes its use in childhood. Treatment of myocarditis comprises standard heart failure management and, in the most severe cases, mechanical support and transplant. Overall, myocarditis has a better outcome than other causes of dilated cardiomyopathy. Surviving the initial episode is not assured but does lead to excellent long-term outcomes, both in terms of survival and recovery of left ventricular function.
Effect of Carbon Fiber in Dry Brake Formulations (1991)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Carbon fiber is known to contribute to a new generation of asbestos-free brake friction formulations. Carbon fiber's thermal properties make it a desirable component in applications where high temperatures are involved. It is not an exotic material, and is used commercially by major friction material producers. Carbon fiber is not known to be a hazard to human health or the environment under present conditions of manufacture and use. It is easily processed in dry brake formulations with equipment typically used in the friction industry. The present paper demonstrates how one unique type of carbon fiber can make significant improvements in durability and structural properties of dry brake formulations.&lt;/div&gt;
Volume regulation by human lymphocytes. Identification of differences between the two major lymphocyte subpopulations. (1982)

Following exposure to hypotonic media, human peripheral blood lymphocytes swell initially but restore their isotonic volume within minutes. In contrast, tonsillar lymphocytes demonstrate a similar initial phase of swelling but fail to restore their isotonic volume. We have studied the ionic basis for this second or regulatory volume decrease (RVD) phase using lymphocytes from peripheral blood, tonsil, and thymus. RVD was characterized by 86Rb efflux and a decrease in K+ content. The increase in K+ permeability in response to hypotonic challenge was characteristic for T lymphocytes obtained from peripheral blood, tonsil, or thymus. B lymphocytes showed only a modest increase in K+ permeability and consequently little RVD. The data confirm that the response of peripheral blood and tonsillar lymphocytes to a hypotonic environment can be accounted for by differences in the proportions of T and B cells, and the differential behaviour of B and T lymphocytes is based on differences in membrane permeability to K+ upon swelling.
Anti-obesity drug use before professional treatment in Taiwan. (2007)

Between July 2004 and June 2005, a cross-sectional study was performed to determine the prevalence and patterns of anti-obesity medicine use among subjects seeking obesity treatment in Taiwan. Eighteen obesity outpatient clinics were selected via a random stratified sampling method and 1,060 first-visit clients (791 females and 269 males) aged above 18 years were enrolled and then completed a self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence of anti-obesity medicine use was 50.8%; more females than male used anti-obesity medicines (53.6% vs. 42.4%). Of the 1,060 subjects, 17.1% had used orlistat, 21.1% had taken sibutramine, and 18.3% had utilized un-proven drugs such as cocktail therapy and other anti-obesity drugs. Furthermore, 23.6% and 22.4% of subjects indicated that they concurrently used Chinese herbal preparations and dietary supplements, respectively. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that the odds ratio (OR) for anti-obesity medicine use was substantially higher in females (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.6), those aged 18-24 years (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0-2.6), those with a body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2 (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 2.1-5.7) and respondents concurrently using Chinese herbal preparations (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.4) and dietary supplements (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.6-3.1). In conclusion, the prevalence of anti-obesity drugs use is high among Taiwanese adults before they seek obesity treatment. Young, obese females, and those who had taken Chinese herbal preparations/dietary supplements had a high likelihood to report using anti-obesity medicines. Use of unproven weight-loss drugs is common and warrants further investigation.
Study of the rare $B^0_d \to K^{*0}(K^+ \pi^-) \mu^+\mu^-$ decay with the LHCb detector (2004)

The status of the study of the rare decay B0_d -&gt; K*0 mu+mu-, with K*0 -&gt; K+pi-, or its charged conjugate state, using the LHCb detector is presented. This decay is very sensitive to deviations from Standard Model physics through Forward-Backward and CP asymmetries, among other observables. In one year of LHCb data taking we expect to collect about 4400 of these events with a B/S ratio below 2. This allows the determination of the branching ratio and of the possible CP asymmetry of the branching ratio with a precision of a few percent. The evaluation of the sensitivity of the other observables needs a better understanding of the backgrounds and their distributions. Therefore, more statistics of background simulations is needed. However I find good resolutions for the measurement of the relevant quantities.
Design and analysis of an antenna for wireless energy harvesting in a head-mountable DBS device (2013)

This paper presents design and simulation of a circular meander dipole antenna at the industrial, scientific, and medical band of 915 MHz for energy scavenging in a passive head-mountable deep brain stimulation device. The interaction of the proposed antenna with a rat body is modeled and discussed. In the antenna, the radiating layer is meandered, and a FR-4 substrate is used to limit the radius and height of the antenna to 14 mm and 1.60 mm, respectively. The resonance frequency of the designed antenna is 915 MHz and the bandwidth of 15 MHz at a return loss of -10 dB in free space. To model the interaction of the antenna with a rat body, two aspects including functional and biological are considered. The functional aspect includes input impedance, resonance frequency, gain pattern, radiation efficiency of the antenna, and the biological aspect involves electric field distribution, and SAR value. A complete rat model is used in the finite difference time domain based EM simulation software XFdtd. The simulated results demonstrate that the specific absorption rate distributions occur within the skull in the rat model, and their values are higher than the standard regulated values for the antenna receiving power of 1W.
Phase rotation in correlation coefficient filtering and multi-pass methods for 3-D speckle tracking in 4-D echocardiography (2014)

In 4-D echocardiographic (4DE) strain estimation using speckle tracking, large interframe strains resulting from moderate volumetric frame rates can cause significant peak hopping artifacts. Conventional correlation filters applied spatially at constant lags are effective for reducing peak hopping in low strain cases, but can exacerbate false peak artifacts when large strains are present. Alternatively, a tilted method of filtering 3-D correlation coefficients can correct for strain-induced incoherence across the correlation function by applying phase rotations in accordance with the local strain distribution prior to filtering. In addition, an iterative or multi-pass process for speckle tracking, using displacement estimates from the previous pass as an initial guess for a subsequent pass, can improve displacement accuracy. 3-D speckle tracking with tilt filtering and two-pass processing was implemented on 4DE data acquired in the left ventricle (LV) of an open chest canine at six weeks following surgical coronary occlusion. Tilt filtering reduced peak hopping compared to filtering without phase rotation. The most notable improvements were seen in the transitions zones where axial displacements had a high degree of variation along the orthogonal directions. In the transition zones, larger correlation filters without tilt processing exacerbated peak hopping, whereas larger tilt filters were able to overcome peak hopping artifacts. The lowest peak hopping was seen when both tilt filtering and multi-pass methods were applied. Tilt filtering and two-pass processing can improve the quantification of myocardial deformation using 3-D speckle tracking and may be valuable in the assessment of cardiac function using echocardiography.