gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microwave Assisted Iron Oxide Nanoparticles—Structural and Magnetic Properties (2014)

Microwave energy is used as an alternative source of high temperature treatment for synthesis and sintering. Till 1990s, the main focus was on the thermal effects caused by microwave heating. After 1990s reports began to emerge on the effects called microwave effects, including changes in material's structure and so on. We here report the effects of microwave assisted sol-gel method on structural and magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs). Microwave power (MP) is varied as 136, 264, 440, 616, and 800 W. The MPs used in this paper are among the lowest for the synthesis of NPs. X-ray diffractometer result of NPs with 136-W MP shows amorphous behavior with paramagnetic properties. Magnetite NPs are observed with MPs of 264-440 W. Magnetite phase tends to transform to maghemite phase with the appearance of characteristic (310) peak at MPs of 616-800 W. Scanning electron microscope results show NPs with diameter ~20 nm for MPs of 264 and 440 W. Relatively larger diameters ~50 nm are observed with MPs of 616 and 800 W. Variations in phase and size of iron oxide NPs strongly affect magnetic properties from superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic. It is observed that microwave assisted synthesis can be fast, low cost, and low energy consumption method to synthesize NPs with uniform shape and size distribution along with strengthened magnetic properties as compared with the conventional high-temperature annealing process.
Maxwell®: An Unsupervised Learning Approach for 5P Medicine (2019)

In the 5P medicine (Personalized, Preventive, Participative, Predictive and Pluri-expert), the general trend is to process data by displacing the barycenter of the information from hospital centered systems to the patient centered ones through his personal medical records. Today, the use of artificial intelligence for supporting this transition shows real limitations in its implementation in operational practice, both at the level of patient care, but also in the general daily life of the health professional, because of the medico-legal imperatives induced by the promises of the '5P medicine'. In this paper, we propose to fill this gap by introducing an original artificial intelligence platform, named Maxwell, which follows an unsupervised learning approach in line with the medico-legal imperatives of the '5P medicine'. We describe the functional platform characteristics and illustrate them by two examples of clustering in genomics and magnetic resonance imaging.
Deriving simulators for hybrid Chi models (2006)

The hybrid Chi language is a formalism for modeling, simulation and verification of hybrid systems. The formal semantics of hybrid Chi allows the definition of provably correct implementations for simulation, verification and real-time control. This paper discusses the principles of deriving an implementation for simulation and verification directly from the semantics, and presents an implementation based on a symbolic solver. The simulator is illustrated by means of a case study.
Clinical Significance and Epidemiologic Analyses of Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare among Patients without AIDS (2005)

The clinical significance and prevalence of Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare were analyzed in a cohort of 7,472 patients who, from 1999 to 2003, sought care at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, and had cultures performed for mycobacteria. Patients were stratified for age, sex, and underlying diseases, and bacteria were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. M. avium was isolated in 62 (0.83%) of 7,472 patients and M. intracellulare in 65 (0.87%). Clinically, only 10 of the 62 (16.2%) patients with M. avium had probable to definite evidence of infection, whereas the majority (83.8%) had weak evidence of infection. Sex and age did not affect the isolation or infection of M. avium. Hematological tumors predisposed to M. avium colonization but not infection. In contrast, 41 of the 65 (63.1%) patients with M. intracellulare had probable to definite infection, a level much higher than those with M. avium (P < 0.001). M. intracellulare was more prevalent in women (1.33% of 3,311) than in men (0.50% of 4,161) (P < 0.001), and underlying diseases had no effect in women. Men with lung cancer had a higher prevalence (1.37%) than men without (0.34%) (4.0-fold; P < 0.001), but it was similar to that in women. A marked age trend for the isolation of M. intracellulare among women was noted: 0.27% (1-fold) for ages of <50 years, 0.85% (3.1-fold) for ages 50 to 59 years, 1.50% (5.6-fold) for ages 60 to 69 years, and 3.74% (13.9-fold) for ages >/=70 years (trend, P < 0.001). The combined rate for women >/=50 was 1.86% (95% confidence interval [1.30 to 2.42%]) (6.9-fold). Together, these results suggest that, among non-AIDS patients, M. intracellulare is more pathogenic and tends to infect women increasingly beyond menopause (age >/=50 years) regardless of underlying disease. The prevalence rate of 1.86% in postmenopausal women suggests the need to further investigate the public health significance of M. intracellulare.
Mammograms Classification with NeuroMem® Chip for Breast Cancer Detection (2021)

This paper presents an embedded AI model for breast cancer detection on mammogram images. Two different methods are defined and evaluated using the NeuroMem® neural network chip device. Both methods are tested on the CBIS-DDSM which is a public dataset of labeled mammograms and deliver a classification accuracy of 85 %.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ГРАВИЙНОDГЛИНИСТОГО ГРУНТА ПРИ ТРЕХОСНЫХ ИСПЫТАНИЯХ The behavior of Gravel-soil Interface during triaxial testing of the Mixed Soil (2020)

С помощью методов компьютерной томографии, цифровой обработки изображений, реверсивной инженерной реконструкции была создана 3D численная модель гравелистоглинистой грунтовой смеси. Проведено численное моделирование процесса трехосного испытания цилиндри ческих образцов диаметром 100 и высотой 200 мм в стабилометрическом приборе. Движение гравийных частиц различного размера (10…25 мм) контролировалось и анализировалось на основе предложенного геометрического метода особых точек. Исследовалось и описывалось взаимодействие между частицами гравия и глинистой массой и влияние этого взаимодействия на характер деформирования и разрушения образцов при трехосном испытании в зависимости от количественного содержания и пространственного положения гравия, а также величины обжимающего давления. Показано хорошее совпадение результатов численного 3D моделирования и экспериментальных данных.
The need for and cost of mandating private insurance coverage of contraception. (1998)

A public policy debate in the US is considering whether it is in the public interest to mandate that private, employment-related health insurance plans cover contraception. Industry representatives oppose mandates as unnecessary and costly, but women's health advocates point out that mandates were necessary to remove other health insurance disadvantages to women. For example, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 was necessary to mandate coverage for maternity care. US women rely on contraception to avoid pregnancy for approximately 20 years during their reproductive lives, but health insurance policies vary widely in the amount of contraceptive coverage provided. Some fail to cover contraception but cover sterilization and abortion. Coverage is important because women cite cost as a consideration when choosing a method, and some of the more effective methods are more costly. Estimates show that the cost of covering the full range of approved reversible contraception would be a minimal $21.40/employee/year, of which employers would pay $17.12, a 0.6% increase in costs. The cost of plans that already cover some reversible methods would increase even less. Public opinion overwhelmingly favors mandated contraception coverage, even if employee costs were to increase. Congress is considering legislation to mandate coverage in private, employment-related plans, and the industry has indicated that it will not fight the legislation.
Recognition of lipid A variants by the TLR4-MD-2 receptor complex (2013)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component of the outer membrane of almost all Gram-negative bacteria and consists of lipid A, core sugars, and O-antigen. LPS is recognized by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and MD-2 on host innate immune cells and can signal to activate the transcription factor NFκB, leading to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that initiate and shape the adaptive immune response. Most of what is known about how LPS is recognized by the TLR4-MD-2 receptor complex on animal cells has been studied using Escherichia coli lipid A, which is a strong agonist of TLR4 signaling. Recent work from several groups, including our own, has shown that several important pathogenic bacteria can modify their LPS or lipid A molecules in ways that significantly alter TLR4 signaling to NFκB. Thus, it has been hypothesized that expression of lipid A variants is one mechanism by which pathogens modulate or evade the host immune response. Additionally, several key differences in the amino acid sequences of human and mouse TLR4-MD-2 receptors have been shown to alter the ability to recognize these variations in lipid A, suggesting a host-specific effect on the immune response to these pathogens. In this review, we provide an overview of lipid A variants from several human pathogens, how the basic structure of lipid A is recognized by mouse and human TLR4-MD-2 receptor complexes, as well as how alteration of this pattern affects its recognition by TLR4 and impacts the downstream immune response.
Position Control of Electronic Throttle Chamber Using Sliding-Mode Controller with Prescribed Transient Response (2004)

With increasing demand for high fuel efficiency, better exhaust control measures, comfort and high performance on current vehicles, electronic control of the throttle chamber which decides the engine output, is getting advanced day by day. It is expected that this trend will be maintained towards electronic control of the throttle chamber in conjunction with injection air-amount control, drive control, traction control, etc. A control method for electronic throttle servo system is proposed, which consists of a DC motor, a throttle valve and a return spring. The control method fulfills the demand for high robustness in nonlinear opening of the throttle. In this paper, a sliding-mode controller with prescribed transient response is designed for electronic throttle chamber systems. By using a function augmented sliding hyperplane, it is guaranteed that the output tracking error converges to zero in a finite time. Simulation and experimental results are shown for the confirmation of effectiveness of the sliding-mode controller with prescribed transient response.
Ultraviolet optogalvanic laser spectroscopy of iron for reference wavelengths (1987)

We present a preliminary study of a UV optogalvanic spectrum obtained by using a see-through iron hollow cathode and a tunable pulsed laser in the 240-260-nm range. The hollow cathode used and described is a homemade device that can be run in static- or dynamic-flow gas regimes. Spectra have been recorded with argon and neon buffer gases, and many classified Fe I lines have been identified. The accuracy of the measured wave numbers is limited at present to 0.05 cm(-1) by the spectral width of the UV laser. This iron optogalvanic spectrum is proposed for reference-wavelength calibration in UV laser spectroscopy, and an application to the study of Ba(+) Rydberg levels is reported. Possibilities for future developments of such a device are analyzed.
CdS-Nanoparticle Architectures on Electrodes for Enhanced Photocurrent Generation (2002)

Enhanced photocurrents are detected in the presence of bipyridinium-modified CdS nanoparticles associated with electrodes. The enhanced photocurrents originate from vectorial electron transfer that retards recombination processes. The Figure shows different architectures for CdS nanoparticles on Au electrodes.
Manganese and Cadmium Benzoate Complexes Having 8-Aminoquinoline Ancillary Ligand (2008)

Simple synthetic methods for synthesis of trinuclear manganese(II) benzoate complexes having 8aminoquinoline as ancillary ligand are reported.The crystal structure of two trinuclear manganese(II) complexes, [Mn 3 (2-NO 2 C 6 H 4 COO) 6 (AQ) 2 ] (I) and [Mn 3 (3-CH 3 C 6 H 4 COO) 6 (AQ) 2 ].NPD (II) is reported (where AQ = 8-aminoquinoline, NPD = 1,5 dihydroxynaphthalene).In solution, the degradation of trinuclear complex I leads to a dinuclear complex [Mn 2 (2-NO 2 C 6 H 4 COO) 4 (AQ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] (III) and structure of complex III is reported.A solution phase synthetic method for the synthesis of the dinuclear manganese(II) complex III is also reported.This complex has a Mn 2 O 2 bridge originating from the carboxylate ligand.Synthesis of a cadmium 2-nitrobenzoate co-ordination polymer [Cd(2-NO 2 C 6 H 4 COO) 2 (AQ)] n (IV) having eight co-ordination number is reported and its structure is explained as aggregation of multiple numbers of six coordinated mononuclear cadmium complexes.
BRANDVERSUCH IN WAERMEGEDAEMMTEM TUNNEL (1992)

Fuer Tunnel mit haeufigem Frostwechsel, wie zum Beispiel in Skandinavien oder in den Alpen wurde von der Huels Troisdorf AG ein Abdichtungssystem mit Waermedaemmung entwickelt. Es besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Carbofol-Tunnelbahn, einer 4 cm dicken Trocellen-Waermedaemmung und einer ca. 8 cm dicken Spritzbetonschale. Dieses System wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit der Studiengesellschaft fuer unterirdische Verkehrsanlagen STUVA e.V. - und dem Institut fuer Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz - IBMB an der TU Braunschweig hinsichtlich seines Brandverhaltens getestet. Dazu wurde eine Brandlast von ca. 1 t Kiefernholz entzuendet, die zwei brennenden Pkw entspricht. Bei Temperaturen bis zu 1200 Grad C erlitt der Schichtenaufbau keinen nennenswerten Schaden. (A*)
Leaf constituents of Curcuma spp. suppress Meloidogyne hapla and increase bacterial-feeding nematodes (2015)

Bioactive compounds extracted from agronomical plants have the potential to be ecologically safe and efficient alternatives to restricted broad-spectrum nematicides for managing root pests like Meloidogyne hapla . This study determined the effects of Curcuma longa and C. mangga leaf extracts and constituents on M. hapla infection, beneficial nematodes found in soil, and plant growth under glasshouse conditions over 350-420 degree-days (base 10°C). Incorporation of 60 and 120 g fresh leaves (kg soil) −1 of both Curcuma spp. suppressed the numbers of M. hapla infecting roots of tomato cv. Rutgers but increased beneficial nematodes in soil with minimal negative effect on plant health and growth. Curcuma mangga appears to be more favourable to beneficial nematodes than C. longa . Rhabditis , Acrobeloides and Eucephalobus were the dominant beneficial nematodes isolated from soils amended with Curcuma spp. The safe and selective activities of Curcuma spp. suggest potential for developing biologically integrated M. hapla management strategies.
Cognate Stimulatory B-Cell–T-Cell Interactions Are Critical for T-Cell Help Recruited by Glycoconjugate Vaccines (1999)

Covalent linkage of a bacterial polysaccharide to an immunogenic protein greatly enhances the carbohydrate's immunogenicity and induces polysaccharide-specific B-cell memory in vivo. These findings have spurred the development of glycoconjugate vaccines for serious bacterial infections. The specific B-cell-T-cell interactions responsible for recruitment of T-cell help by glycoconjugate vaccines are not well defined. We used mice deficient in molecules critical for stimulatory, cognate B-cell-T-cell interactions to study how T cells improve the immunogenicity of a glycoconjugate vaccine against group B streptococcal disease. Isotype switching to immunoglobulin G (IgG) was abrogated in mice deficient in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen (Ag)-T-cell receptor (TCR), B7-CD28, or CD40-CD40L interactions. However, expression of either the B7-1 or the B7-2 molecule on antigen-presenting cells was sufficient for optimal T-cell costimulation. T cells activated by the vaccine also played a pivotal role in determining the magnitude of the IgM response to the polysaccharide. Comparable results were obtained with pathway antagonists. These data suggest that MHC class II Ag-TCR, B7-CD28, and CD40-CD40L interactions are critical for immune responses to glycoconjugate vaccines in vivo.
Quinone–Quinoneimine Tautomerism of Some Aminonaphthoquinonoid Dyes (1984)

Quinone–quinoneimine tautomerism of 7, 10–dihydroxy–2, 3, 4–trihydrobenzo f quinoxalin–6–one derivatives has been investigated by means of their n. m. r. and visible absorption spectra. The quinonoid ring protons gave signals in the range 5. 6–6. 1 p. p. m., while the benzenoid ring protons showed signals in the range 6. 9–7. 0 p. p. m. These differences in chemical shift were valuable in identifying the structure of the tautomer. Tautomerism was found to be largely influenced by the nature of the substituents and the polarity of the solvent, and the equilibrium shift to the quinoneimine form in polar solvents. The quinone form absorbed visible light at much longer wavelengths (by about 100 nm) than does the quinoneimine form. The isosbestic point of the tautomerism was observed at about 510 nm. The calculated absorption maximum of each tautomer obtained using the PPP MO method was correlated with the observed values to predict the principal tautomer in solution.
High-order entropy-compressed text indexes (2003)

We present a novel implementation of compressed suffix arrays exhibiting new tradeoffs between search time and space occupancy for a given text (or sequence) of n symbols over an alphabet σ, where each symbol is encoded by lgvσv bits. We show that compressed suffix arrays use just nHh + σ bits, while retaining full text indexing functionalities, such as searching any pattern sequence of length m in O(m lg vσv + polylog(n)) time. The term Hh ≤ lg vσv denotes the hth-order empirical entropy of the text, which means that our index is nearly optimal in space apart from lower-order terms, achieving asymptotically the empirical entropy of the text (with a multiplicative constant 1). If the text is highly compressible so that Hn = o(1) and the alphabet size is small, we obtain a text index with o(m) search time that requires only o(n) bits. Further results and tradeoffs are reported in the paper.
A Supervised Learning Framework for Joint Angle-of-Arrival and Source\n Number Estimation (2021)

Machine learning is a promising technique for angle-of-arrival (AOA)\nestimation of waves impinging a sensor array. However, the majority of the\nmethods proposed so far only consider a known, fixed number of impinging waves,\ni.e., a fixed source number. This paper proposes a machine-learning-based\nestimator designed for the case when the source number is variable and hence\nunknown a priori. The proposed estimator comprises a framework of single-label\nclassifiers. Each classifier predicts if waves are present within certain\nrandomly selected segments of the array's field of view (FOV), resulting from\ndiscretising the FOV with a certain (FOV) resolution. The classifiers'\npredictions are combined into a probabilistic angle spectrum, whereupon the\nsource number and the AOAs are estimated jointly by applying a probability\nthreshold whose optimal level is learned from data. The estimator's performance\nis assessed using a new performance metric: the joint AOA estimation success\nrate. Numerical simulations show that for low SNR (-10 dB), a low FOV\nresolution (2$^\\circ$) yields a higher success rate than a high resolution\n(1$^\\circ$), whereas the opposite applies for mid (0 dB) and high (10 dB) SNRs.\nIn nearly all simulations, except one at low SNR and a high FOV resolution, the\nproposed estimator outperforms the MUSIC algorithm if the maximum allowed AOA\nestimation error is approximately equal to (or larger than) the FOV resolution.\n
A new control strategy for the unified power flow controller (2003)

The unified power flow controller (upfc) is the most versatile among a variety of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices, which can be used for power flow control, enhancement of transient stability, damping system oscillations and voltage regulation. In this paper, we propose a new PI based approach for the dynamic control of UPFC. With the new control strategy, not only the active and reactive power flow control but also the system oscillations damping can be achieved. The digital simulation results developed in MATLAB and PSCAD/EMTDC environments are presented to verify the efficiency of the proposed control algorithm.
Respuesta al tratamiento radioterápico en pacientes con tumores malignos de cabeza y cuello (2018)

RESUMEN Introducción: La radioterapia es una de las variantes de tratamiento más antiguas con que contamos hoy día para curar los pacientes afectos de neoplasias malignas, pero debe ser cuidadosamente seleccionada en pacientes pediátricos. Objetivo: Evaluar la respuesta al tratamiento radiante en niños con tumores de cabeza y cuello. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo lineal, donde se incluyeron 26 pacientes ingresados en el Servicio de Oncocirugía del hospital “William Soler” desde enero de 2000 a enero de 2013, con diferentes tipos de tumores malignos de cabeza y cuello y edades comprendidas entre 1 y 18 años. Se tuvieron en cuenta los efectos tóxicos a largo plazo del tratamiento radiante, asociado o no a tratamiento quimioterápico adyuvante o concurrente y a la cirugía. Resultados: Todos los pacientes recibieron radioterapia corporal externa, el 73,1 % de los casos recibió quimioterapia adyuvante en su mayoría con diagnóstico de linfomas y 7,7 % recibió quimioterapia concurrente. Esta última en dos pacientes: uno con sarcoma facial y otro con carcinoma de parótida. Cinco pacientes (19,2 %) solo recibieron cirugía y radioterapia como tratamiento: dos casos con neuroblastoma, un caso con sarcoma facial y dos con hemangiopericitomas. Conclusión: El estudio demostró la gran utilidad del empleo de la radioterapia en el control de las enfermedades malignas de la infancia localizadas en cabeza y cuello.
Assessment of Physical Properties of Care Foods for Dysphagic Patients: What Foods Are Easy to Swallow for Aged People? (2019)

嚥下困難者用介護食としては，①べたつきにくく，②口腔内や咽頭部でまとまりやすいものが適するとされ，ゲル化剤や増粘剤を添加したものが多い．“べたつき”や“まとまりやすさ”はよく，TPA（Texture Profile Analysis）から求められる付着性や凝集性で評価される．われわれは以前，本誌に「高齢者が誤嚥しにくい介護食の物性」というタイトルの総説を寄稿した(1)．そこでは，食品の力学物性と咽頭部の食塊の流動性の関係を概説し，TPA, 特に凝集性の問題点について物理的視点から考察した．今回は，その後得られた知見も踏まえ，食品の“まとまりやすさ”，嚥下困難者が誤嚥しにくい食品の力学物性について論じる．