gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of magnetic silica nanomarkers with controlled physicochemical properties (2016)

Magnetic markers which can be detected with an extremely high sensitivity with the method of magnetic particle quantification (MPQ) were synthesized. Using a controlled Stober reaction, a set of magnetic silica markers of different sizes and zeta potentials was obtained. The use of a carboxymethyl dextran polymer to stabilize the magnetite particles during the synthesis made it possible to substantially reduce the detection limit of the obtained construct, which opens up new opportunities for creating effective diagnostic nanoagents.
Dietzia psychralcaliphila sp. nov., a novel, facultatively psychrophilic alkaliphile that grows on hydrocarbons. (2002)

A novel, facultatively psychrophilic alkaliphile that grows on a chemically defined medium containing n-alkanes as the sole carbon source was isolated from a drain of a fish product-processing plant. The isolate was an aerobic, non-motile, gram-positive bacterium. The bacterium was catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose and galactose; the glycan moiety of the cell wall contained acetyl residues. The G+C content of the DNA was 69.6 mol %. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate was closely related to members of the genus Dietzia (96.1-96.8% similarity). Comparisons of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics between the isolate and the two known Dietzia species showed that they were very similar. However, the isolate differed from the two known Dietzia species in growth temperature range and certain physiological characteristics. DNA-DNA hybridization revealed that the isolate had 38.4 and 49.7% relatedness, respectively, to Dietzia maris and Dietzia natronolimnaea. On the basis of the physiological and biochemical characteristics, the phylogenetic position as determined by 16S rRNA gene analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness, it is concluded that the isolate should be designated as a novel species, for which the name Dietzia psychralcaliphila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ILA-1T (= JCM 10987T = IAM14896T = NCIMB 13777T).
Study of the impact of managers' attitudes towards creativity (2022)

Contemporary entities need professionals with the ability to act independently, effectively and efficiently, through creative activities. This professionalism in the context of organization requires not only perfection in performing activities but also having the appropriate predispositions. The scientific aim of this article is to explain and extend the conceptualization in the field of creative activities performed by employees, and the relationships that occur with the relevant characteristics determining the development of creative activities. In this article, the research on cognitive, theoretical-methodological, and empirical issues in the development of managers in the field of creative activities in organizations was reviewed. The analysis of the literature allowed us to establish the research framework and indicate which attitudes of managers are important and may be related to creative activities. The results of the research showed the existence of significant relationships between the selected attitudes that determine appropriate attitudes toward creativity and the performance of creative activities. Keywords: Creativity, creative activities, employees;
A preliminary study of correlation of immuno-histological and ultrastructural characteristics of neural granuloma in leprosy patients. (1992)

With an aim to better understand the pathogenesis of nerve damage in leprosy, peripheral nerve biopsies from six untreated leprosy cases (3 BT/TT and 3 BL/LL) were studied by electronmicroscopy and immuno-histology. In addition to routine histopathology for diagnosis, infiltrating cells of granuloma were characterized after preparation of single cell suspension. The lymphocytes in the lesion were characterized by E and EAC rosetting and macrophage phagocytic system (MPS) cells were studied using histochemical markers like esterase and peroxidase. The results indicate that the lymphocyte content was significantly greater in tuberculoid neural granuloma compared to lepromatous nerves and these formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (E) and expressed HLA-DR antigen suggesting that they are activated T cells. Infiltrating macrophages in both the tuberculoid and lepromatous neural granuloma were esterase positive, peroxidase negative and did not form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes or EAC. Ultrathin sections of tuberculoid granuloma showed lymphocytes clearly associated to epithelioid macrophages having well developed Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Correlation of these immunological and ultrastructural characters suggests that hypersensitivity mechanisms are possibly responsible for nerve damage in tuberculoid leprosy. Ultrastructural examination of lepromatous nerves, on the other hand, showed the predominance of macrophages with large nucleus, heavily bacillated Schwann cells, and a few lymphocytes. The correlation of immuno-histological and ultrastructural characters indicates that the mechanism(s) of nerve damage in lepromatous leprosy are basically different wherein hypersensitivity appears to play a very limited role.
Significance of Shale Gas as an Indicator of Abnormal Pressures (1973)

Abstract Drilling-mud logging through the years has primarily been a tool of the explorationist for formation evaluation. However, continuous well-site analysis of the mud and cutting returns has also become an important tool in drilling control. The amount of the gas content in the mud system while drilling shales can be indicative of abnormal formation pressures. However, experience indicates that depending on the geological environment and the drilling technique applied such mud logging methods may or may not be directly related to downhole, in-situ pressure profiles. Introduction Modern drilling technology is based on three main concepts, namely: well planning, well control, and optimization of drilling operations. Often there is only a fine line between minimum over-balance of the drilling mud and the possibility of a well kick. This in turn makes well control a must, and the ability to immediately recognize and evaluate abnormal, downhole pressure conditions is critical. Many pressure detection methods are available or have been proposed and numerous technical papers have been written on the subject. The best approach for identification and evaluation still is the study of a combination of several surface measured parameters verified by the interpretation of open hole logging data. The amount of the gas content in the mud system while drilling shales can be indicative of abnormal formation pressures. However, since the gas cut can be a function of the geological environment penetrated, the drilling technique applied, and the downhole penetrated, the drilling technique applied, and the downhole thermodynamic conditions prevailing, this gas parameter may not have any direct relation to in-situ pressure profiles.
Preparation and Optical Characterization of Hemicyanine Self-Assembled Monolayer on Au Substrate (2001)

Abstract In order to construct hemicyanine self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), we have synthesized a hemicyanine with a disulfide group. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and reflection absorption spectroscopy revealed formation of the hemicyanine monolayer array on the Au surface with simple immersion of the Au substrate in its ethanol solution. While many works have reported the association of H-aggregates in hemicyanine monolayers, we could not observe the H-aggregation in the present case.
DIDS (distributed intrusion detection system)—motivation, architecture, and an early prototype (1997)

Intrusion detection is the problem of identifying unauthorized use, misuse, and abuse of computer systems by both system insiders and external penetrators. The proliferation of heterogeneous computer networks provides additional implications for the intrusion detection problem. Namely, the increased connectivity of computer systems gives greater access to outsiders, and makes it easier for intruders to avoid detection. IDS&amp;apos;s are based on the belief that an intruder&amp;apos;s behavior will be noticeably different from that of a legitimate user. We are designing and implementing a prototype Distributed Intrusion Detection System (DIDS) that combines distributed monitoring and data reduction (through individual host and LAN monitors) with centralized data analysis (through the DIDS director) to monitor a heterogeneous network of computers. This approach is unique among current IDS&amp;apos;s. A main problem considered in this paper is the Network -user Identification problem, which is concerned ...
Electrooxidation Potential as a Tool in the Early Screening for New Safer Clozapine-like Analogues (2001)

The chemical modification of clozapine (1) has permitted the finding of new analogues, e.g., olanzapine (2), quetiapine (3), 5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-8-chloropyrido[2,3-b][1,5]benzoxazepine fumarate (9), with a clinical or psychopharmacological profile similar to that of clozapine. However, when developing new derivatives, the designers are discouraged by the development of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis. Different researchers have raised the role played by the oxidizability of the molecule in such a deleterious effect. In the present paper, we examined the oxidation profile (direct scavenging abilities, efficacy in inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and electrooxidation potential) of newly developed methoxy and trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy analogues related to clozapine, some of them being described as putative antipsychotic. The oxazepine derivative 7, unlike the other diazepine derivatives (6, 10--12), was not readily oxidized. Using a statistical predictive model for hematotoxicity previously described, 7 was found in the cluster of potentially nontoxic compounds while diazepine derivatives 6 and 10-12 were classified as potentially toxic compounds. Among these original compounds, 7, which presents a preclinical clozapine-like profile and a low sensitivity to oxidation, could be a promising antipsychotic candidate with low side effects. Considering the tricyclic derivatives examined so far, some elements of structure-oxidation relationship (SOR) might be pointed out. Regarding the nature of the tricyclic ring substituent, from the most to the least sensitive to oxidation, the sequence was as follows: HO > Cl > CH(3)O > CF(3)SO(2)O. The nature of the tricyclic ring influenced also the sensitivity to oxidation; the diazepine moiety appeared to be the most reactive ring compared to oxa- and thiazepine congeners. These parameters could be advantageously integrated in the early design of new safer clozapine-like analogues.
Layer health and performance : : feed science (2013)

The impact of genetic selection on the performance of layer hens has been dramatic. Hens reared in colonies now produce up to 350 eggs over an 80-week period. Free-range hens face additional challenges affecting gut health and shell quality. This requires nutritionists to provide a balance of key nutrients to sustain the health and welfare of the bird and to ensure the quality of the product.
Intra-articular treatment with hyaluronic acid in osteoarthritis of the knee joint: a controlled clinical trial versus mucopolysaccharide polysulfuric acid ester. (1993)

In a single-blind, randomized clinical trial, both the efficacy and safety of hyaluronic acid (HA) were compared with that of mucopolysaccharide polysulfuric acid ester (MPA) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Both agents were administered intra-articularly over six weeks. Patients received either seven injections of HA or 13 injections of MPA. Joint function, range of motion, severity of pain, the general condition of the bony structure and soft tissue of the joint area, and the global clinical efficacy and safety of the medication were assessed. The mean improvement in the modified total Larson rating score was 22% (SD = 28) after HA treatment and 7% (SD = 17) after treatment with MPA (analysis of variance: p = 0.02). This change was mainly caused by a reduction of pain. The onset of pain relief was more rapid in the HA group. The therapeutic effect increased in both treatment groups during the follow-up period. During this interval, lasting six months after the start of treatment, a further reduction of pain and an improvement of knee joint function could be observed. At the end of the study, 25 out of 33 (76%) patients in the HA group and 11 out of 24 (46%) patients in the MPA group were symptom-free or markedly improved (Chi-square test: p = 0.02). Both agents were tolerated very well.
Modeling and Simulation of Microresonators with Meander Suspensions (2018)

Surface-micromachined comb-drive resonators suspended by meander springs are modeled and simulated. General analytic expressions for lateral spring constants and effective mass of meander springs are derived and verified by finite-element simulations. The spring constant equations are accurate to within 1% over a wide range of geometries. Analytic, simulated, and measured resonant frequency values agree to within 0.3% for each of ten different microresonator designs.
Collaborative Aggregation of Individual Rating for Group Evaluation (2013)

The aggregation of individual evaluations into a group evaluation is a key issue in decision theory. Inspired by the collaboration idea on Web2.0, two group evaluation methods of collaborative weighting evaluators where evaluators rate the objects evaluated are presented to form group decision. Among the most commonly applied methods for group evaluation are to average the scores obtained by each objects evaluated and then consider the associated collective evaluation, which not consider the difference between individual evaluators. The proposed methods can offset the effect resulted by some evaluator’s irregular evaluation through considering the contribution of the individual evaluation to the collective evaluation. Sometimes the irregularity is owing to the subjectivity reason. For example, since some evaluators are prejudiced against some objects evaluated, the evaluators will subjectivity give very high or very low rating on the objects evaluated. In this paper, two nonlinear group evaluation methods achieved through mutual restraints between individual evaluators and consequently are more stable than traditional group evaluation method in an actual example and a synthetic data set.
Deciphering the Electron Transport Pathway for Graphene Oxide Reduction by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (2011)

We determined that graphene oxide reduction by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 requires the Mtr respiratory pathway by analyzing a range of mutants lacking these proteins. Electron shuttling compounds increased the graphene oxide reduction rate 3- to 5-fold. These results may help facilitate the use of bacteria for large-scale graphene production.
DNA Minor Groove Alkylating Agents (2001)

Recent work on a number of different classes of anticancer agents that alkylate DNA in the minor groove is reviewed. There has been much work with nitrogen mustards, where attachment of the mustard unit to carrier molecules can change the normal patterns of both regio- and sequence-selectivity, from reaction primarily at most guanine N7 sites in the major groove to a few adenine N3 sites at the 3'-end of poly(A/T) sequences in the minor groove. Carrier molecules discussed for mustards are intercalators, polypyrroles, polyimidazoles, bis(benzimidazoles), polybenzamides and anilinoquinolinium salts. In contrast, similar targeting of pyrrolizidine alkylators by a variety of carriers has little effect of their patterns of alkylation (at the 2-amino group of guanine). Recent work on the pyrrolobenzodiazepine and cyclopropaindolone classes of natural product minor groove binders is also reviewed.
Environmental Degradation and Food Security Policies in China (2010)

Food is the material basis to human survival, and in each nation-state, providing a system for the development, production, and distribution of food and its security is a primary national objective. Many forces have influenced the food security of peoples since ancient times, with particular challenges from natural disasters (floods, famines, drought, and pestilence) and growing populations globally. From the late twentieth century to the early twenty-first, however, analysts have riveted their attention on environmental change and crises, for example, pollution of arable land and water, insufficiency of water, deforestation, desertification, and over-fishing among others. Our focus is on the food security of the world’s most populous nation, China, and the impact on food security of vast environmental change in the past 50 years. First, however, we explain why China must be considered in any global discussion of food security.
Spectroscopy and Coordination Chemistry of a New Bisnaphthalene−Bisphenanthroline Ligand Displaying a Sensing Ability for Metal Cations (2005)

A new fluorescent macrocyclic structure (L1) bearing two naphthalene units at both ends of a cyclic polyaminic chain containing two phenanthroline units was investigated with potentiometric and fluorescence (steady-state and time-resolved) techniques. The fluorescence emission spectra show the simultaneous presence of three bands: a short wavelength emission band (naphthalene monomer), a middle emission band (phenanthroline emission), and a long-wavelength band. All three bands were found to be dependent on the protonation state of the macrocyclic unit (including the polyaminic and phenanthroline structures). The existence of the long-wavelength emission band is discussed and is shown to imply that a bending movement involving the two phenanthroline units leads to excimer formation. This is determined by comparison with the excimer emission formed by intermolecular association of 1,10-phenanthroline. With ligand L1, excimer formation occurs only at pH values above 4. At very acidic pH values, the protonation of the polyamine bridges is extensive leading to a rigidity of the system that precludes the bending movement. The interaction with metal cations Zn(II) and Cu(II) was also investigated. Excimer formation is, in these situations, increased with Zn(II) and decreased with Cu(II). The long-emission band is shown to present a different wavelength maximum, depending on the metal, which can be considered as a characteristic to validate the use of ligand L1 as a sensor for a given metal.
Recognizing and Localizing Individual Activities through Graph Matching (2010)

In this paper we tackle the problem of detecting individual human actions in video sequences. While the most successful methods are based on local features, which proved that they can deal with changes in background, scale and illumination, most existing methods have two main shortcomings: first, they are mainly based on the individual power of spatio-temporal interest points (STIP), and therefore ignore the spatio-temporal relationships between them. Second, these methods mainly focus on direct classification techniques to classify the human activities, as opposed to detection and localization. In order to overcome these limitations, we propose a new approach, which is based on a graph matching algorithm for activity recognition. In contrast to most previous methods which classify entire video sequences, we design a video matching method from two sets of ST-points for human activity recognition. First, points are extracted, and a hyper graphs are constructed from them, i.e. graphs with edges involving more than 2 nodes (3 in our case). The activity recognition problem is then transformed into a problem of finding instances of model graphs in the scene graph. By matching local features instead of classifying entire sequences, our method is able to detect multiple different activities which occur simultaneously in a video sequence. Experiments on two standard datasets demonstrate that our method is comparable to the existing techniques on classification, and that it can, additionally, detect and localize activities.
A Method for Reduced Finite Precision Effects in Parallel Filtering Echo Cancellation (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The two-path algorithm is an adaptive filter algorithm based on a parallel filter structure, which has been found to be useful for line echo cancellation as well as for acoustic echo cancellation. It is well known that in finite precision arithmetic, the adaptation process of adaptive algorithms can be reduced or even halted due to finite precision effects. This paper proposes a variant of the two-path scheme where the effects of quantization are reduced, without any significant increase in complexity. The improvement is shown by simulations using bandlimited flat spectrum noise as well as real speech signals. </para>
Non-specific DNA Binding of Genome Regulating Proteins as a Biological Control Mechanism: 1. The lac Operon: Equilibrium Aspects (1974)

The regulatory system of the lactose operon has been "modeled" by a set of mass action equations and conservation constraints which describe the system at equilibrium. A "base-set" of values of binding constants and total component concentrations has been assembled from the available experimental data, and the simultaneous equations solved by computer procedures, to yield equilibrium concentrations of all the relevant molecular species. Considering the operator-repressor-inducer system alone, it is shown that the in vivo basal and induced (derepressed) levels of lac enzyme synthesis in both wild-type and certain mutant Escherichia coli can be accounted for only if binding of repressor and repressor-inducer complexes to non-specific DNA sites is included in the calculations as an integral component of the ovrall control system. A similar approach was applied to the RNA polymerase-promoter system to show that sigma factor may modulate the general level of transcription in the cell by "inducing" polymerase off non-specific DNA binding sites, thus making it available to promoters. Competitive and non-competitive models for the interaction of repressor and polymerase at the lac operon can, in principle, be distinguished by these computational procedures, though data sufficient to permit unambiguous differentiation between the models are not available at this time. However, for any competitive binding model the results show that repression in the entire (operator-repressor-RNA polymerase-lac promoter) system can occur only because non-specific binding of the regulatory proteins reduces the concentration of free polymerase, relative to that of repressor, to appropriate levels.
Developing a Multi-Timescale PIC Code for Plasma Accelerators (2006)

An idea for advancing beam and plasma particles with different time scales in a full PIC model of plasma accelerators is proposed. Because beam particles usually respond much slower than plasma particles, large time steps can be used to update beam particles to save computation time. In this paper, we will describe how to apply this multi-timescale method in a particle-in-cell (PIC) [1] code OSIRIS [2]. Simulation results for SLAC E164 [3] experimental parameters are given and show a high degree of accuracy while gaining a factor of 4-6 in computing time. The limitations of this method are also studied. The maximum time saving is determined by driver beam energy and size of simulation box.