gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antagonism of serotonergic 5‐HT2A/2Creceptors: mutual improvement of sleep, cognition and mood? (2009)

Serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] and 5-HT receptors are involved in sleep and in waking functions such as cognition and mood. Animal and human studies support a particular role for the 5-HT(2A) receptor in sleep, which has led to renewed interest in this receptor subtype as a target for the development of novel pharmacological agents to treat insomnia. Focusing primarily on findings in healthy human volunteers, a review of the available data suggests that antagonistic interaction with 5-HT(2A) receptors (and possibly also 5-HT(2C) receptors) prolongs the duration of slow wave sleep and enhances low-frequency (< 7 Hz) activity in the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG), a widely accepted marker of sleep intensity. Despite certain differences, the changes in sleep and the sleep EEG appear to be remarkably similar to those of physiologically more intense sleep after sleep deprivation. It is currently unclear whether these changes in sleep are associated with improved vigilance, cognition and mood during wakefulness. While drug-induced interaction with sleep must be interpreted cautiously, too few studies are available to provide a clear answer to this question. Moreover, functional relationships between sleep and waking functions may differ between healthy controls and patients with sleep disorders. A multimodal approach investigating subjective and objective aspects of sleep and wakefulness provides a promising research avenue for shedding light on the complex relationships among 5-HT(2A/2C) receptor-mediated effects on sleep, the sleep EEG, cognition and mood in health and various diseases associated with disturbed sleep and waking functions.
MP75-20 THE RATE OF PIRADS 3 IS NOT A PROXY OF THE QUALITY OF MRI OF THE PROSTATE. RESULTS OF A SINGLE HIGH VOLUME RADIOLOGIST SERIES (2020)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The rate and trend over time of PIRADS 3 at MRI has been suggested to represent a proxy of radiologist experience and quality. Our hypothesis is that radiologist experience is not necessarily associated with a decreasing rate of PIRADS 3 over time. Rather, detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) should be correlated with radiologist expertise. We tested our hypothesis in a large series of MRI assessed by a single, high volume reader METHODS: We selected 402 men who underwent a systematic plus targeted biopsy (TBx) for a positive MRI (PIRADS≥3) reported by a single radiologist at a tertiary referral centre between 2013 and 2019. The study outcome was to assess the trend of PIRADS score (3 vs 4/5) over time and its association with the trend of csPCa (Gleason score≥7) diagnosis at TBx. Multivariable logistic regression analysis (MVA) predicting the presence of PIRADS 3 and 4/5 respectively were performed using age, PSA density, biopsy history and year of biopsy (yob) as covariates. Non-parametric loess function was used to explore the relationship between yob and rate of PI-RADS 3 and 4/5. The same analysis was used to assess the relationship between yob and csPCa detection RESULTS: Overall 39% and 61% of men had a PIRADS 3 and 4/5, respectively. The detection of csPCa at TBx in PI-RADS 3 and 4/5 was 18% and 61%. At MVA, yob (OR: 1.22), PSA density (OR: 0.04) and age (OR: 0.9) were independent predictors of PIRADS 3 score at MRI (all p<0.04). Moreover, yob (OR: 0.82), PSA density (OR: 15) and age (OR: 1.07) were independent predictors of the presence of PIRADS 4/5 lesions (all p<0.04). Fig 1 shows as the multivariable probability of presence of PIRADS 3 increased from roughly 30 to 50% from 2013 to 2019. However, despite an increase in PIRADS 3 and a decrease in PIRADS 4-5 over time, the csPCa detection rate increased from 38% to 55% from 2013 to 2019. This was confirmed at MVA, where yob (OR: 1.13) was positively associated with csPCa detection at TBx (p=0.02) after accounting for confounders CONCLUSIONS: The rate of PIRADS 3 is not necessarily a proxy of radiologist expertise since it increased over time even in the hands of a single, highly experienced reader. Rather, the detection of csPCa over time should be considered as the main endpoint and a more accurate proxy of radiologist and urologist expertiseSource of Funding: none
Liver triglyceride accumulation after chronic ethanol administration: a possible protective role of metadoxina and ubiquinone. (1990)

Hepatoprotective actions of metadoxina and ubiquinone have been studied in alcoholic rats by evaluating hepatic triglyceride accumulation and serum biochemical parameters of liver function. The two drug-treated groups displayed significantly lower triglyceride concentrations as compared to the ethanol-treated group. No significant differences were found among the two drug-treated and the control groups. Electron-microscopic abnormalities were found only in ethanol-treated rats. Serum biochemical parameters of liver function did not show any significant difference among all four groups. These results suggest a possible protective role of metadoxina and ubiquinone in ethanol-induced liver triglyceride accumulation.
Nonisothermal nip flow in calendering operations (1977)

Abstract An efficient and simple numerical technique is presented for analyzing nonisothermal nip flow of viscous liquids. It has been applied on calendering to calculate the design parameters as well as the interaction effects between roller characteristics, operation conditions, and material properties. Viscous heating is shown to drastically change the mechanics near the nip exit if the rollers rotate at different speeds. Consequences for scaling‐up and model experiments are indicated.
Evaluation of Several Methods for Computing Stroke Volume from Central Aortic Pressure (1973)

Six pulse-contour methods for estimating stroke volume from a single central aortic blood pressure were evaluated in 8 dogs and 17 patients. In the dogs, wide variations in stroke volume, measured with an electromagnetic flowmeter, were obtained by pacing the heart at various rates during a control period and during several pharmacologic interventions. Good correlations existed between measured stroke volume and most estimators when the data from each intervention were analyzed separately. However, regression analysis revealed considerable variation in the individual slopes and intercepts, and thus a poor correlation was obtained when all data for one dog were combined in a single analysis. Similar evaluations were carried out in two groups of patients in whom the pressure-gradient technique was used to measure stroke volume. In the group with minimal variations in hemodynamic status, the correlations between estimated and true stroke volume were reasonably good. In the patients having a wide range of hemodynamic conditions, considerable variation in both slopes and intercepts was observed, and the combined correlation coefficients were generally poor. Although pulse contour methods of estimating stroke volume may work reasonably well over a range of stroke volumes when the variation is induced by a single perturbing agent, none of these methods perform adequately when the variation is induced by multiple perturbing agents; thus their clinical usefulness is markedly limited.
MiR-199a inhibits the angiogenic potential of endometrial stromal cells under hypoxia by targeting HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. (2015)

We previously reported that miR-199a suppressed the invasiveness of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) by targeting IkappaB kinase beta (IKKβ). This study was to investigate the role of miR-199a in the angiogenic potential of ESCs under hypoxia. Forced overexpression of miR-199a in ESCs significantly attenuated its angiogenic potential under hypoxia. Moreover, miR-199a down-regulated the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) in ESCs under hypoxic conditions. To delineate the mechanism by which miR-199a reduced VEGF-A production, further analysis of the target genes of miR-199a showed that miR-199a targeted both VEGF-A and Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in ESCs. Our findings indicate that miR-199a may attenuate the angiogenic potential of ESCs under hypoxia partly through HIF-1α/VEGF-A pathway suppression. Therefore, miR-199a may play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and may become a potential therapeutic target of this disease.
Redundant residue number systems for error detection and correction in digital filters (1980)

In spite of rapid advances during the last few years in the design and realization of digital filters, very little attention has been given to the problems of error detection and correction in digital filters. This paper describes how redundant residue number system properties can be used for this purpose. The theory is presented with special emphasis on overflow detection, error correction, and gradual system degradation in the presence of recurring errors. A filter simulation program is described and simulation results are presented to illustrate the principles in recursive digital filters.
LARGE-BASIS MESON WAVEFUNCTIONS (1989)

Full O(g) meson wavefunctions are constructed in the context of Perturbative Cavity Dynamics. In addition to the valence [Formula: see text] state these wavefunctions contain [Formula: see text] (Bremsstrahlung) and [Formula: see text] (vacuum fluctuation) configurations. The divergent O(g 2 ) self-energy contributions to the ground state energy are regulated by truncating the basis size and demanding that the bound state mass be independent of the cut-off parameter. This regularization procedure results in a nontrivial cut-off dependence of the model parameters. Parameter functions are computed for the light mesons π-ρ, K-K* and ϕ.
Analytical, experimental, and computer-simulation results on the interactive effects of speckle with multidither adaptive optics systems* (1977)

A comprehensive study of the interactive effects of multidither adaptive optics (COAT) systems with the spurious signals induced by speckle modulations is presented. An analysis based on a statistical model of a COAT system is developed in order to predict convergence levels in the presence of such modulations. A computer simulation study of these effects is also presented. Good agreement is found between the data gathered in both of these studies. In order to further corroborate these results, experimental data is then presented. These data were gathered using a laboratory model of a COAT system interacting with a real target that produced speckle modulations.
A late Neandertal femur from Les Rochers-de-Villeneuve, France (2005)

In 2002, a Neandertal partial femoral diaphysis was discovered at Les Rochers-de-Villeneuve (Vienne, France). Radiocarbon dated to approximately 40,700 14C years before present, this specimen is one of the most recent Middle Paleolithic Neandertals. The diaphysis derives from an archeological level indicating alternating human and carnivore (mostly hyena) occupation of the cave, reinforcing the close proximity and probable competition of Middle Paleolithic humans with large carnivores for resources and space. Morphological aspects of the diaphysis and ancient DNA extracted from it indicate that it is aligned with the Neandertals and is distinct from early modern humans. However, its midshaft cortical bone distribution places it between other Middle Paleolithic Neandertals and the Châtelperronian Neandertal from La Roche-à-Pierrot, supporting a pattern of changing mobility patterns among late Middle Paleolithic Neandertals on the eve of modern human dispersals into Europe.
Green tea polyphenol (–)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate prevents N‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine‐induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration (2001)

In the present study we demonstrate neuroprotective property of green tea extract and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mice model of Parkinson's disease. N-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine neurotoxin caused dopamine neuron loss in substantia nigra concomitant with a depletion in striatal dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase protein levels. Pretreatment of mice with either green tea extract (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) or (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (2 and 10 mg/kg) prevented these effects. In addition, the neurotoxin caused an elevation in striatal antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (240%) and catalase (165%) activities, both effects being prevented by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate itself also increased the activities of both enzymes in the brain. The neuroprotective effects are not likely to be caused by inhibition of N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine conversion to its active metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium by monoamine oxidase-B, as both green tea and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate are very poor inhibitors of this enzyme in vitro (770 microg/mL and 660 microM, respectively). Brain penetrating property of polyphenols, as well as their antioxidant and iron-chelating properties may make such compounds an important class of drugs to be developed for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases where oxidative stress has been implicated.
Well‐Defined Bifunctional Iron Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Ketones: Iron, the New Ruthenium (2011)

Two functions are important: Three examples of well-defined bifunctional iron catalysts that are very efficient in the hydrogenation of ketones are described (see scheme). These remarkable studies will contribute significantly to the development of more environmentally friendly and sustainable reduction reactions in the near future.
Precipitation of Intermetallic Compounds in Austenite and Its Effects on Toughness of As-Quenched Martensite in 13%Ni Maraging Steel (1978)

The precipitation of intermetallic compounds in austenite and its effects on the toughness of as-quenched martensite in 13%Ni maraging steel have been studied by means of Charpy impact tests and structural observations. The heat-treatment process investigated comprises intermediate isothermal holding in the temperature range from 800°C to 1100°C after homogenization at 1200°C reheating of the martensite to the austenite region below 1100°C after quenching to room temperature from 1200°C.Not only the intermediate holding but also the reheating introduced a drastic decrease in Charpy impact energy of the as-quenched martensite. Structural observations revealed the coarse precipitates on prior austenite grain boundaries and within the grains for both heat-treatments. Prolonged intermediate isothermal holding was necessary to cause the precipitation within the grains. However, when the martenisite was reheated to the range between Af and the austenite recrystallization temperature, the precipitation within the grains was promoted in short time, due to the presence of the nucleation sites formed in martensite on the heating up to the austenitic region, or probably to the internal strains of the reverted austenite.These precipitates were considered to be intermetallic compounds of Fe2Mo or (Fe, Co) 7Mo6. The major loss in the toughness of as-quenched martensite of 13%Ni maraging steel was associated with the precipitation of intermetallic compound containning Mo during holing in the austenite regions.
Peripheral Suppression of Arthritic Pain by Intraarticular Fadolmidine, an α2-Adrenoceptor Agonist, in the Rat (2007)

In rats, intraarticular administration of fadolmidine provides a marked suppression of pain-related behavior in arthritis, due to a selective action on peripheral alpha(2)-adrenoceptors and opioid receptors.
Supplementary Figure 2 from NORE1A Tumor Suppressor Candidate Modulates p21<sup>CIP1</sup> via p53 (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from NORE1A Tumor Suppressor Candidate Modulates p21&lt;sup&gt;CIP1&lt;/sup&gt; via p53
Fluorescence-based thermal shift data on multidrug regulator AcrR from Salmonella enterica subsp. entrica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2 (2016)

The fluorescence-based thermal shift (FTS) data presented here include Table S1 and Fig. S1, and are supplemental to our original research article describing detailed structural, FTS, and fluorescence polarization analyses of the Salmonella enterica subsp. entrica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2 multidrug transcriptional regulator AcrR (StAcrR) (doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2016.01.008) (Manjasetty et al., 2015 [1]). Table S1 contains chemical formulas, a Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number (CAS no.), FTS rank (a ligand with the highest rank) has the largest difference in the melting temperature (ΔT m), and uses as drug molecules against various pathological conditions of sixteen small-molecule ligands that increase thermal stability of StAcrR. Thermal stability of human enolase 1, a negative control protein, was not affected in the presence of various concentrations of the top six StAcrR binders (Fig. S1).
Involvement of thioredoxin‐binding protein 2 in the antitumor activity of CD437 (2008)

The present authors previously reported that a synthetic retinoid, CD437, induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in ovarian adenocarcinoma cells in spite of no response to natural retinoids. However, the precise mechanism of its proapoptotic action has not been fully determined. The present study herein demonstrates that apoptosis induction of ovarian adenocarcinoma SKOV3 cells by CD437 involves the upregulation of thioredoxin-binding protein 2 (TBP2) by a mechanism that is dependent on the intracellular calcium concentration. TBP2 is known to bind to and suppress thioredoxin (TRX) activity whereas TRX has an anti-apoptotic effect by inhibiting apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1). The activation of ASK1 and its downstream molecule, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, was observed after induction of TBP2 by CD437. Interestingly, CD437 induced the association of TBP2 with TRX and, in turn, facilitated the dissociation of ASK1 from TRX. Moreover, blockade of TBP2 induction by small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly attenuated the cytotoxic effect of CD437. These results suggest that TBP2 plays a critical role in the mechanism by which CD437 exerts proapoptotic action against SKOV3 cells.
Up-Regulation of Functional Kinin B1 Receptors in Allergic Airway Inflammation (2002)

B1 receptors are known to be induced during allergic airway inflammation in animal models. However, little is known regarding in vivo B1 receptor expression in humans. We examined B1 receptor mRNA expression in nasal tissue samples from allergic rhinitis and normal subjects. Allergic rhinitis subjects displayed significantly higher expression of B1 receptor mRNA than did the normal subjects, and nasal allergen challenge increased B1 receptor mRNA expression at 8 to 24 h time points in allergic rhinitis subjects. No significant difference was found in B2 receptor expression. To confirm B2 and B1 receptor functional activity, subjects were challenged with kinin agonists. Nasal challenge with the B1 receptor ligand, Lys-des-Arg-bradykinin (BK), activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase in allergic rhinitis, but not normal, subjects. Nasal challenge with the B2 receptor ligand, BK, activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase in both allergic rhinitis and normal subjects. The consequences of B1 receptor activation were investigated using the human airway epithelial cell lines A549 and BEAS-2B. We demonstrated that Lys-des-Arg-BK activates the transcription factor AP-1. Taken together, these results show that functional B1 receptors are induced in the airway during allergic inflammation and suggest that they participate in the regulation of gene expression.
An image sensor for on-sensor-compression (2002)

We present a novel image sensor on which image signal can be compressed. Since image signal is compressed on an imager plane by making use of parallel nature of image signals, the amount of signal read out from the imager can be significantly reduced. Thus, the proposed sensor can be potentially applied to high pixel rate cameras and processing systems which require very high speed imaging and very high resolution real time imaging; the very high bandwidth is the fundamental limitation for feasibility of those high pixel rate sensors and processing systems. Analog circuits have been designed both for processing in each pixel and for controlling entire data rate. A first prototype of a VLSI chip has been fabricated. Some results of the examination are shown in this paper.
Mutations That Destabilize the gp41 Core Are Determinants for Stabilizing the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-CPmac Envelope Glycoprotein Complex (2002)

The human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV) envelope glycoprotein consists of a trimer of two noncovalently and weakly associated subunits, gp120 and gp41. Upon binding of gp120 to cellular receptors, this labile native envelope complex undergoes conformational changes, resulting in a stable trimer-of-hairpins structure in gp41. Formation of the hairpin structure is thought to mediate membrane fusion by placing the viral and cellular membranes in close proximity. An in vitro-derived variant of SIVmac251, denoted CPmac, has acquired an unusually stable virion-associated gp120-gp41 complex. This unique phenotype is conferred by five amino acid substitutions in the gp41 ectodomain. Here we characterize the structural and physicochemical properties of the N40(L6)C38 model of the CPmac gp41 core. The 1.7-A resolution crystal structure of N40(L6)C38 is very similar to the six-helix bundle structure present in the parent SIVmac251 gp41. In both structures, three N40 peptides form a central three-stranded coiled coil, and three C38 peptides pack in an antiparallel orientation into hydrophobic grooves on the coiled-coil surface. Thermal unfolding studies show that the CPmac mutations destabilize the SIVmac251 six-helix bundle by 15 kJ/mol. Our results suggest that the formation of the gp41 trimer-of-hairpins structure is thermodynamically coupled to the conformational stability of the native envelope glycoprotein and raise the intriguing possibility that introduction of mutations to destabilize the six-helix bundle may lead to the stabilization of the trimeric gp120-gp41 complex. This study suggests a potential strategy for the production of stably folded envelope protein immunogens for HIV vaccine development.
Multiple vehicle 3D tracking using an unscented Kalman filter (2005)

This article describes a system to track vehicles on images taken from a mobile platform. The objective is to determine the position and velocity of vehicles ahead of the mobile platform, in order to make possible the prediction of their position in future instants of time. This problem is addressed by modeling a 3D dynamic system, where both the acquisition platform and the tracked vehicles are represented in a state vector. From measurements obtained in every frame, this state vector is re-estimated using an unscented Kalman filter, instead of the extended Kalman filter used in previous works. Assuming that vehicles progress on a flat surface, a novel model of their dynamics is proposed, which explicitly considers constraints on the velocity. With respect to previous approaches, this model improves tracking reliability, since the estimation of unfeasible states is avoided. Experiments on real sequences display promising results, although a more systematic evaluation of the system should be done.