gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Superconductivity in the Presence of Strong Pauli Paramagnetism: CeCu2Si2 (1979)

A comparison was made between four low-temperature properties of La${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$ and Ce${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$. Whereas La${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$ behaves like a normal metal, Ce${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$ shows (i) low-temperature anomalies typical of "unstable $4f$ shell" behavior and (ii) a transition into a superconducting state at ${T}_{c}\ensuremath{\simeq}0.5$ K. Our experiments demonstrate for the first time that superconductivity can exist in a metal in which many-body interactions, probably magnetic in origin, have strongly renormalized the properties of the conduction-electron gas.
Syntheses, Substitution and Cyclization Reactions of 7a,8,9,10,11a-Hexahydro-pyrido[3,2,1-jk]carbazoles With a Strychnos Alkaloids Partial Structure (2016)

4a-Methyl-2,3,3,4a-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole (3), obtained from phenylhydrazinium chloride and 2-methylcyclohexanone, was regioselectively reduced with sodium borohydride to 4a-methyl-2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydro-1H-carbazole (4). Cyclocondensation of hexahydrocarbazole 4 with 2 molecules of diethyl malonate 5a gives 7-hydroxy-13a-methyl-9a,10,11,12,13,13a-hexahydro-5H,8H-pyrano[2',3':4,5] pyrido[3,2,1-jk]carbazole-5,8-dione (6), which affords in a 2-step degradation 5-unsubstituted 4-hydroxy-11a-methyl-7a,8,9,10,11,11a-hexahydro-6H-pyrido[3,2,1-jk]carbazol-6-one (9). Nitration of 9 forms the 5-nitro compound 12, which cyclized after chlorination and azidation at position 4 on thermolysis to the 12a-methyl-7-oxo-8a,9,10,11,12,12a-hexahydro-7H-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3',4':4,5]pyrido[3,2,1-jk] carbazol-6-oxide 15. Cyclocondensation of hexahydrocarbazole 4 with phenylmalonate 5b forms 4-hydroxy-11a-methyl-5-phenyl-7a,8,9,10,11,11a-hexahydro-6H-pyrido[3,2,1-jk]carbazol-6-one (16a), which cyclized after chlorination and azidation at position 4 on thermolysis to the 3b-methyl-3b,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydroindolo[2',3':4,5]pyrido[3,2,1-jk]carbazol-9(14H)-one derivative 19. The conditions in the thermolytical decomposition and cyclization of the azido compounds were investigated by differential thermal analysis (DSC).
Highly efficient, very low-thrust transfer to geosynchronous orbit -Exact and approximate solutions (1984)

Very low-thrust minimum-fuel orbit transfers for spacecraft with constant specific-impulse propulsion systems require multiple burns at perigee and apogee to keep gravity losses small. A lengthy iterative computer program has been developed to solve for the optimal thrust direction histories of such transfers, given specific numbers of burns, for fixed-thrust and fixed-acceleration cases. Algebraic approximations for total time and loss are presented that provide quick determination of the best numbers of burns vs trip time. Results for the low Earth orbit to geosynchronou s orbit case show the approximations to be good; moreover, for long trip times, loss varies inversely as the square of the acceleration limit for fixed trip time, and loss varies inversely as the square of time for fixed-acceleration limits.
Analysis of Ethernet-Switch Traffic Shapers for In-Vehicle Networking Applications (2015)

Switched Ethernet has been proposed as network technology for automotive and industrial applications. IEEE AVB is a collection of standards that specifies (among other elements) a set of network traffic shaping mechanisms (i.e., rules to regulate the traffic flow) to have guaranteed Quality of Service for Audio/Video traffic. However, in-vehicle control applications like advanced driver-assistance systems require much lower latencies than provided by this standard. Within the context of IEEE TSN (Time Sensitive Networking), three new traffic shaping mechanisms are considered, named Burst Limiting, Time Aware and Peristaltic shaper respectively. In this paper we explain and compare these shapers, we examine their worst case end-to-end latencies analytically and we investigate their behavior through a simulation of a particular setup. We show that the shapers hardly satisfy the requirements for 100Mbps Ethernet, but can come close under further restrictions. We also show the impact the shapers have on AVB traffic.
Biochemical and biological mode of action of ecdysone agonists on the spruce budworm (1999)

The mode of action of RH-5992 (tebufenozide), a non-steroidal ecdysone agonist, on the eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, was investigated. This diacyl hydrazine compound, upon ingestion, initiates a precocious incomplete molt that is lethal in most lepidopteran larvae including the spruce budworm. This was found to be induced when the larvae ingested the compound early in the stadium prior to the appearance of the ecdysone peak in the hemolymph. The larvae stopped feeding within 8 h post feeding (PF) and remained quiescent just as they do in preparation for a normal molt. Head capsule slippage started at 12 h PF, became pronounced by 24 h, and by 48 h an untanned new head capsule was visible behind the old one. The lack of tanning of the new cuticle was due to the failure of dopadecarboxylase gene expression. Although the old cuticle was loose around the entire body, indicating that apolysis had occurred, there was no evidence of ecdysis of the old cuticle, suggesting that eclosion hormone was probably not released. The transcription factor, Choristoneura hormone receptor 3 (CHR3), which is normally expressed at the onset of the hemolymph ecdysone peak, was expressed in the epidermis 1 h PF of RH-5992 confirming that this analogue acts through the ecdysone receptor system. This unique mode of action at the molecular level of this ecdysone agonist and its effectiveness as an environmentally benign control agent for the spruce budworm are described.
Clinical and Radiologic Outcomes after Submerged and Transmucosal Implant Placement with Two-Piece Implants in the Anterior Maxilla and Mandible: 3-Year Results of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial (2013)

The results demonstrate excellent clinical and radiographic conditions after 3 years for implants supporting single-tooth restorations, regardless of whether a submerged or transmucosal surgical technique was used.
Formation of nanocrystalline silicon in SiOxby soft X-ray irradiation at low temperature (2017)

The low-temperature formation of nanocrystalline Si (nc-Si) in SiOx film is one of the key technologies in the realization of Si-based photonics and memories. We proposed a low-temperature nc-Si formation method with soft X-ray irradiation. The nc-Si formation depended on the Si/O atomic ratio in the pristine SiOx film. The Si-rich regions in SiOx films with Si/O ratios higher than 0.67 were crystallized by atomic migration via electron excitation with soft X-ray irradiation at a photon energy near the core level of Si 2p. nc-Si with a mean size of 20 nm was formed by soft X-ray irradiation at a low temperature of 660 °C.
SALVAGE PROCEDURES FOR FAILED TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY (2003)

Christie, Michael J. MD; DeBoer, David K. MD; McQueen, David A. MD; Cooke, Francis W. PhD; Hahn, D. L. MS Author Information
Modulating donor mitochondrial fusion/fission delivers immunoprotective effects in cardiac transplantation (2021)

Early insults associated with cardiac transplantation increase the immunogenicity of donor microvascular endothelial cells (ECs), which interact with recipient alloreactive memory T cells and promote responses leading to allograft rejection. Thus, modulating EC immunogenicity could potentially alter T cell responses. Recent studies have shown modulating mitochondrial fusion/fission alters immune cell phenotype. Here, we assess whether modulating mitochondrial fusion/fission reduces EC immunogenicity and alters EC-T cell interactions. By knocking down DRP1, a mitochondrial fission protein, or by using the small molecules M1, a fusion promoter, and Mdivi1, a fission inhibitor, we demonstrate that promoting mitochondrial fusion reduced EC immunogenicity to allogeneic CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, shown by decreased T cell cytotoxic proteins, decreased EC VCAM-1, MHC-I expression, and increased PD-L1 expression. Co-cultured T cells also displayed decreased memory frequencies and Ki-67 proliferative index. For in vivo significance, we used a novel murine brain-dead donor transplant model. Balb/c hearts pretreated with M1/Mdivi1 after brain-death induction were heterotopically transplanted into C57BL/6 recipients. We demonstrate that, in line with our in vitro studies, M1/Mdivi1 pretreatment protected cardiac allografts from injury, decreased infiltrating T cell production of cytotoxic proteins, and prolonged allograft survival. Collectively, our data show promoting mitochondrial fusion in donor ECs mitigates recipient T cell responses and leads to significantly improved cardiac transplant survival.
Effects of novel maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)-associated mutations on glucokinase activity and protein stability (2005)

Glucokinase acts as the pancreatic glucose sensor and plays a critical role in the regulation of insulin secretion by the beta-cell. Heterozygous mutations in the glucokinase-encoding GCK gene, which result in a reduction of the enzymatic activity, cause the monogenic form of diabetes, MODY2 (maturity-onset diabetes of the young 2). We have identified and functionally characterized missense mutations in the GCK gene in diabetic families that result in protein mutations Leu165-->Phe, Glu265-->Lys and Thr206-->Met. The first two are novel GCK mutations that co-segregate with the diabetes phenotype in their respective families and are not found in more than 50 healthy control individuals. In order to measure the biochemical effects of these missense mutations on glucokinase activity, we bacterially expressed and affinity-purified islet human glucokinase proteins carrying the respective mutations and fused to GST (glutathione S-transferase). Enzymatic assays on the recombinant proteins revealed that mutations Thr206-->Met and Leu165-->Phe strongly affect the kinetic parameters of glucokinase, in agreement with the localization of both residues close to the active site of the enzyme. In contrast, mutation Glu265-->Lys, which has a weaker effect on the kinetics of glucokinase, strongly affects the protein stability, suggesting a possible structural defect of this mutant protein. Finally, none of the mutations tested appears to affect the interaction of gluco-kinase with the glucokinase regulatory protein in the yeast two-hybrid system.
28 Prevalence and prognosis of lynch syndrome and sporadic mismatch repair deficiency in the combined PORTEC-1,-2 and -3 endometrial cancer trials (2020)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Here we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and prognosis of Lynch Syndrome (LS)-associated endometrial cancer (EC) in relation to sporadic mismatch repair deficient EC (MMRd-EC) in the combined PORTEC-1,-2 and 3 trials comprising 1336 ECs. <h3>Methods</h3> MMR-status was determined by MMR-immunohistochemistry (MLH1/PMS2/MSH6/MSH2). MMRd-ECs with detected promoter hypermethylation of MLH1 were classified as sporadic (methylated MMRd-EC). For unmethylated MMRd-EC cases tumor and normal tissue next-generation sequencing was performed. ECs with MMR germline mutations were classified as LS-associated (LS MMRd-EC). Unmethylated MMRd-ECs without MMR germline mutations were classified as MMRd-EC due to other causes (other MMRd-EC). Overall and recurrence-free survival were estimated and compared using Kaplan-Meier method and pairwise log-rank test. <h3>Results</h3> Among the 1336 ECs, 926 were MMR proficient. Of the 410 MMRd-EC, 376 could be fully triaged; 281 (75%) were methylated MMRd-ECs; 37 (10%) LS MMRd-ECs, and 58 (15%) other MMRd-ECs. The overall LS prevalence was 2.8%. Overall 5-year survival for LS MMRd-EC was 89% (95%CI 79–100%; p=0.055), other MMRd-EC 96% (92–100%; p=0.001), both compared to methylated MMRd-EC 79% (74–84%); 5-year recurrence-free survival was 92% (84–100%; p=0.123), 95% (89–100%; p=0.002), compared to 79% (74–84%), respectively. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The prevalence of LS in the PORTEC EC trial population was 3% and within the MMRd group 10%. LS MMRd-EC seems to have a better overall and recurrence-free survival than sporadic MMRd-EC caused by hypermethylation. Further research into the underlying causes of non-hypermethylated somatic MMRd-EC is ongoing.
Resonant cavity enhanced InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well solar cells (2016)

We reported a new method of enhancing the quantum efficiency (n) of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) solar cells using resonant cavity. The resonant cavity enhanced (RCE) structure is designed with a top mirror and a bottom distributed Bragg reflector (DBR). The origin of the enhancement in n is the resonance-induced increase of the optical field which causes more photons to be absorbed in the InGaN absorption layers. We simulated the photovoltaic performances of InGaN/GaN MQW solar cells by comparing RCE-type and conventional solar cells. The results show the RCE-type solar cells exhibit enhancements in short-circuit current density by 2.12 times and conversion efficiency by 2.13 times, as compared to those of conventional solar cell.
Pathogenomics of Gastric and Enterohepatic Helicobacter Species (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Helicobacter pylori Key Features of the H. pylori Genome Related to Pathogenesis Colonization Factors: Urease and Motility Phase Variation The H. pylori Outer Membrane Protein Family Intraspecies Variation of H. pylori Genomes The cag Pathogenicity Island Nucleotide Sequence Variation in H. pylori Helicobacter hepaticus The HHGI1 Genomic Island Other Putative H. hepaticus Virulence Factors Genome Comparisons of Gastric and Enterohepatic Helicobacter Species with Related Bacteria Outlook
opaque2 modifiers act post-transcriptionally and in a polar manner on gamma-zein gene expression in maize endosperm. (1993)

The opaque2 (o2) modifier genes convert the soft endosperm of an o2 mutant to a hard, vitreous phenotype. The primary biochemical change associated with the expression of these genes is a two- to threefold increase in synthesis of the 27-kD gamma-zein storage protein. To investigate the mechanism of modifier gene activity, we examined the level of gamma-zein mRNA and protein synthesis during the early stages of endosperm development in normal, o2, and modified o2 geno-types. Although the o2 mutation was found to reduce expression of the 27-kD gamma-zein genes, the activity of o2 modifier genes dramatically increased the level of both gamma-zein protein and mRNAs as early as 16 days after pollination. At this stage, transcription of gamma-zein genes is reduced by approximately 50% in both o2 and modified o2 genotypes compared to wild type. Thus, it appears that the modifiers regulate gamma-zein synthesis through a post-transcriptional mechanism. Analysis of transcripts from the two nearly identical genes (A and B) encoding the 27-kD gamma-zein protein showed differences in the mRNA ratios in different genotypes. In modified o2 mutants, accumulation of A over B transcript was greatly enhanced during endosperm development. Somatic recombination at this locus was found to reduce the number of B genes in the endosperm, but this could not account for the preferential accumulation of the A transcript. Our results suggest that a product of the o2 modifier genes increases the translation or stability of the A gene mRNA, leading to enhanced synthesis of 27-kD gamma-zein protein.
A Novel Mechanism for Human K2P2.1 Channel Gating (2008)

The mammalian K2P2.1 potassium channel (TREK-1, KCNK2) is highly expressed in excitable tissues, where it plays a key role in the cellular mechanisms of neuroprotection, anesthesia, pain perception, and depression. Here, we report that external acidification, within the physiological range, strongly inhibits the human K2P2.1 channel by inducing "C-type" closure. We have identified two histidine residues (i.e. His-87 and His-141), located in the first external loop of the channel, that govern the response of the channel to external pH. We demonstrate that these residues are within physical proximity to glutamate 84, homologous to Shaker Glu-418, KcsA Glu-51, and KCNK0 Glu-28 residues, all previously argued to stabilize the outer pore gate in the open conformation by forming hydrogen bonds with pore-adjacent residues. We thus propose a novel mechanism for pH sensing in which protonation of His-141 and His-87 generates a local positive charge that serves to draw Glu-84 away from its natural interactions, facilitating the collapse of the selectivity filter region. In accordance with this proposed mechanism, low pH modified K2P2.1 selectivity toward potassium. Moreover, the proton-mediated effect was inhibited by external potassium ions and was enhanced by a mutation (S164Y) known to accelerate C-type gating. Furthermore, proton-induced current inhibition was more pronounced at negative potentials. Thus, voltage-dependent C-type gating acceleration by protons represents a novel mechanism for K2P2.1 outward rectification.
Delay-based Bandwidth-aware Topology Abstraction Scheme for OIF E-NNI Multi-domain Routing (2010)

An abstraction scheme for delay-based metric advertisement of virtual intra-domain links is proposed for multi-domain traffic engineering. The scheme guarantees an effective combination of blocking probability, control plane scalability and service level performance.
Unveiling phase diagram of the lightly doped high-Tc cuprate superconductors with disorder removed (2023)

The currently established electronic phase diagram of cuprates is based on a study of single- and double-layered compounds. These CuO<sub>2</sub> planes, however, are directly contacted with dopant layers, thus inevitably disordered with an inhomogeneous electronic state. Here, we solve this issue by investigating a 6-layered Ba<sub>2</sub>Ca<sub>5</sub>Cu<sub>6</sub>O<sub>12</sub>(F,O)<sub>2</sub> with inner CuO<sub>2</sub> layers, which are clean with the extremely low disorder, by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and quantum oscillation measurements. We find a tiny Fermi pocket with a doping level less than 1% to exhibit well-defined quasiparticle peaks which surprisingly lack the polaronic feature. This provides the first evidence that the slightest amount of carriers is enough to turn a Mott insulating state into a metallic state with long-lived quasiparticles. By tuning hole carriers, we also find an unexpected phase transition from the superconducting to metallic states at 4%. Our results are distinct from the nodal liquid state with polaronic features proposed as an anomaly of the heavily underdoped cuprates.
Früherkennung des Mammakarzinoms: Welchen Einfluss hat die mammografische Drüsengewebs-Dichte tatsächlich bei mammografisch okkulten Karzinomen? (2017)

Es ist gut belegt, dass die Dichte des Drüsengewebes die Detektion von Karzinomen in der Mammografie erschwert. Daten zur falsch-negativ Quote der Mammografie im Früherkennungs-Kollektiv basieren im Wesentlichen auf der Erfassung von tastbaren (Intervall-)Karzinomen. Ziel unserer Studie war es zu klären, welche Drüsengewebs-Dichte bei asymptomatischen Frauen vorliegt, deren Karzinom nicht mittels Früherkennungs-Mammografie diagnostiziert wurde, sondern mittels Ultraschall oder MRT.
HTS Microstrip Antenna Array for Circular Polarization With Cryostat (2005)

We report the comparison results of an HTS antenna array for circular polarization with a self cryostat and comparison with a gold counterpart. The HTS antenna array designed in this work was fabricated using a YBCO superconducting thin film on an MgO substrate, and the designed resonant frequency was 11.85 GHz. We used square patches with truncated corners for circular polarization and employed a corporate feed network using sequential rotation techniques for enhancement of axial ratio. A cryostat was constructed for the measurement of each antenna, and liquid nitrogen was used as a coolant. Measurements from HTS antennas, including return loss, bandwidth, gain, efficiency and axial ratio are presented and compared with those of gold counterparts. The measured results show that useful antennas can be made using the proposed architecture for satellite communication systems.
Smart Atlas for Supporting the Interpretation of probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (pCLE) of Gastric Lesions: First Classification Results of a Computer-Aided Diagnosis Software based on Image Recognition (2014)

International audience
Investigation of alternative organic solvents and methods for the preparation of long-circulating and pH-sensitive liposomes containing cisplatin (2013)

Recent studies using long-circulating and pH-sensitive liposomes containing cisplatin (SpHL-CDDP) have resulted in a formulation with improved pharmacokinetic, toxicity and tumor localization properties. In this study, SpHL-CDDP were prepared in both laboratory and pilot scales. This study evaluated the possibility of using the dehydration-rehydration method, as well as using alternative organic solvents (ethyl acetate/ethanol mixtures at 2:1 and 1:1 volume ratios), for the preparation of liposomes by the reverse-phase evaporation (REV) method. The influence of different concentrations of cisplatin (CDDP) (2.0, 1.0, 0.5 and 0.25 mg/mL) on the entrapment percentage and size of SpHL-CDDP was also investigated. In addition, carbohydrates were tested as cryoprotectants in a freeze-thaw study as a pretest to screen the type to be used in the freeze-drying process. A decrease in the encapsulation percentage of CDDP and an increase in the vesicle diameter could be observed for both liposome formulations prepared with ethyl acetate:ethanol mixtures, as compared with REV liposomes prepared with ethyl ether. It is important to note that after applying either quick or slow cooling, the mean diameter of SpHL (empty liposomes) proved to be similar when in the presence of cryoprotectants. In sum, the optimal processing conditions were achieved when using a 0.5 mg/mL CDDP solution, ethyl ether and the REV method, resulting in liposomal dispersions of mean diameters and homogeneities that were deemed suitable for intravenous administration.