gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptable real-time distributed object management for command and control systems (2003)

Between now and the early part of the next century, significant portions of today's real-time command, control, and communication (C3) systems will become either functionally inadequate or logistically insupportable. Furthermore, due to the continuing budget reductions, new developments of next generation real-time C3 systems may not be possible. Therefore, current real-time C3 systems need to become easier, faster and less costly to upgrade in capability, and easier to support. What is needed is an approach to evolve current real-time C3 systems into the extensible systems required for the future. This paper describes our Adaptable Real-time Distributed Object Management (ARTDOM) approach for command and control systems. We have constructed a testbed environment and experimented with a Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) Object Request Broker (ORB). This project is a three year initiative and is expected to be completed at the end of 1999.
Prototyping symbolic execution engines for interpreted languages (2014)

Symbolic execution is being successfully used to automatically test statically compiled code. However, increasingly more systems and applications are written in dynamic interpreted languages like Python. Building a new symbolic execution engine is a monumental effort, and so is keeping it up-to-date as the target language evolves. Furthermore, ambiguous language specifications lead to their implementation in a symbolic execution engine potentially differing from the production interpreter in subtle ways. We address these challenges by flipping the problem and using the interpreter itself as a specification of the language semantics. We present a recipe and tool (called Chef) for turning a vanilla interpreter into a sound and complete symbolic execution engine. Chef symbolically executes the target program by symbolically executing the interpreter's binary while exploiting inferred knowledge about the program's high-level structure. Using Chef, we developed a symbolic execution engine for Python in 5 person-days and one for Lua in 3 person-days. They offer complete and faithful coverage of language features in a way that keeps up with future language versions at near-zero cost. Chef-produced engines are up to 1000 times more performant than if directly executing the interpreter symbolically without Chef.
Cycling, and Male Sexual and Urinary Function: Results from a Large, Multinational, Cross-Sectional Study (2017)

Cyclists had no worse sexual or urinary functions than swimmers or runners but cyclists were more prone to urethral stricture. Increased time standing while cycling and a higher handlebar height were associated with lower odds of genital sores and numbness.
Structure−Property Relationships for Methylsilsesquioxanes (2010)

Critical structure−property relationships are delineated for a widely used class of methylsilsesquioxane (MSQ) materials. We obtained a range of MSQ prepolymers with different microstructures by varying the synthetic conditions. The structure of such different oligomers were measured and correlated with the physical properties of final (thermally cured) MSQ films. The microstructural analysis was performed using a combination of graphite plate laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GPLDI-TOF MS), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). These measurements show that, as the MSQs grow in size, the propensity to form closed cage-type architectures is higher for molecular masses below 1000 u. When these prepolymers are spin-cast into thin films and thermally cured (vitrified) into final organosilicate polymers, the cage-type microstructures have detrimental effects on the physical properties of the film. They result in films with poor optical quality and a very large coefficient of thermal expansion. The structural basis for these variations in the physical properties is discussed in detail.
Slip Systems and Their Critical Shear Stress in 3% Silicon Iron (1964)

Single crystals of 3% silicon iron with controlled orientation were deformed in tension between 20°C and -196°C at various strain-rates. The orientation was systematically selected so that the maximum shear stress was in <111> direction on low index planes. The operative slip systems were examined by surface observation and analysis of yield stress. The result showed the existence of {112} <111> system as well as {110} <111> system. The temperature dependence of critical shear stress of the two systems was separately determined and that of {112} <111> system was stronger than that of {110} <111> system. The critical shear stress for slip is different by 5% between two opposite <111> directions on {112} plane. The strain-rate dependence of critical shear stress was also examined and found to be derived from the stress dependence of dislocation velocity.
Design of Efficient FPGA Circuits for Matching Complex Patterns in Network Intrusion Detection Systems (2004)

The objective of this research is to design and develop a reconfigurable string matching co-processor using field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology that is capable of matching thousands of complex patterns at gigabit network rates for network intrusion detection systems (NIDS). The motivation for this work is to eliminate the most significant bottleneck in current NIDS software, which is the pattern matching process. The tasks involved with this research include designing efficient, high-performance hardware circuits for pattern matching and integrating the pattern matching co-processor with other NIDS components running on a network processor. The products of this work include a system to translate standard intrusion detection patterns to FPGA pattern matching circuits that support all the functionality required by modern NIDS. The system generates circuits efficient enough to enable the entire ruleset of a popular NIDS containing over 1,500 patterns and 17,000 characters to fit into a single low-end FPGA chip and process data at an input rate of over 800 Mb/s. The capacity and throughput both scale linearly, so larger and faster FPGA devices can be used to further increase performance. The FPGA co-processor allows the task of pattern matching to be completely offloaded from a NIDS, significantly improving the overall performance of the system.
Canada's Official Languages: Policy versus Work Practice in the Federal Public Service Helaina Gaspard, Ottawa, University of Ottawa Press, 2019, pp. 162. (2020)

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Sequential Neural Models with Stochastic Layers (2016)

How can we efficiently propagate uncertainty in a latent state representation with recurrent neural networks? This paper introduces stochastic recurrent neural networks which glue a deterministic recurrent neural network and a state space model together to form a stochastic and sequential neural generative model. The clear separation of deterministic and stochastic layers allows a structured variational inference network to track the factorization of the model's posterior distribution. By retaining both the nonlinear recursive structure of a recurrent neural network and averaging over the uncertainty in a latent path, like a state space model, we improve the state of the art results on the Blizzard and TIMIT speech modeling data sets by a large margin, while achieving comparable performances to competing methods on polyphonic music modeling.
Implementation of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) Decked I-Beam in Ontario (2019)

The structural engineering firm, e.construct (Omaha, Nebraska, United States), has designed an Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) decked I-beam to be installed at a new privately-owned vehicular bridge in Shanty Bay, Ontario, Canada for demonstration and evaluation. Through a technology transfer joint venture agreement between FACCA Incorporated (Ruscom, Ontario, Canada) and Dura Technology (Ipoh, Malaysia), the Dura UHPC is batched using local North American raw materials. This paper will focus on development of the UHPC decked I-beam and adjustments that have come about during the on-going implementation process for this Design-Build project. The paper will also list items needing further investigation. One of the biggest challenges faced thus far has been the creation of formwork that will allow for the top flange waffle deck to be cast simultaneously with the rest of the beam without creation of any cold joints. Economy in utilizing the relatively expensive UHPC and desire to reduce the number of ribs in the top flange resulted in an optimized spacing of 500 mm (20 in.). To keep the rib width to a minimum, high strength corrosion resistant steel, ChrōmX, was introduced. Prototype pieces and small specimens are currently being cast for element testing.
Oral administration of bovine milk-derived extracellular vesicles induces senescence in the primary tumor but accelerates cancer metastasis (2021)

The concept that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the diet can be absorbed by the intestinal tract of the consuming organism, be bioavailable in various organs, and in-turn exert phenotypic changes is highly debatable. Here, we isolate EVs from both raw and commercial bovine milk and characterize them by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, western blotting, quantitative proteomics and small RNA sequencing analysis. Orally administered bovine milk-derived EVs survive the harsh degrading conditions of the gut, in mice, and is subsequently detected in multiple organs. Milk-derived EVs orally administered to mice implanted with colorectal and breast cancer cells reduce the primary tumor burden. Intriguingly, despite the reduction in primary tumor growth, milk-derived EVs accelerate metastasis in breast and pancreatic cancer mouse models. Proteomic and biochemical analysis reveal the induction of senescence and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells upon treatment with milk-derived EVs. Timing of EV administration is critical as oral administration after resection of the primary tumor reverses the pro-metastatic effects of milk-derived EVs in breast cancer models. Taken together, our study provides context-based and opposing roles of milk-derived EVs as metastasis inducers and suppressors.
Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Cellular Physiology of Cysteine Metabolism inArabidopsis thaliana (2011)

Cysteine is one of the most versatile molecules in biology, taking over such different functions as catalysis, structure, regulation and electron transport during evolution. Research on Arabidopsis has contributed decisively to the understanding of cysteine synthesis and its role in the assimilatory pathways of S, N and C in plants. The multimeric cysteine synthase complex is present in the cytosol, plastids and mitochondria and forms the centre of a unique metabolic sensing and signaling system. Its association is reversible, rendering the first enzyme of cysteine synthesis active and the second one inactive, and vice-versa. Complex formation is triggered by the reaction intermediates of cysteine synthesis in response to supply and demand and gives rise to regulation of genes of sulfur metabolism to adjust cellular sulfur homeostasis. Combinations of biochemistry, forward and reverse genetics, structural- and cell-biology approaches using Arabidopsis have revealed new enzyme functions and the unique pattern of spatial distribution of cysteine metabolism in plant cells. These findings place the synthesis of cysteine in the centre of the network of primary metabolism.
Low Vitamin D Levels are Associated With Need for Surgical Correction of Pediatric Fractures (2015)

Level III.
Panclicins, novel pancreatic lipase inhibitors. II. Structural elucidation. (1994)

Panclicins A-E are novel and potent pancreatic lipase inhibitors produced by Streptomyces sp. NR 0619. Their structures have been elucidated based on NMR and FAB-MS experiments. The relative configurations have also been determined by NMR experiments. The absolute stereochemistry has been determined by the chiral HPLC analysis of the hydrolysates of panclicins A and B and by modified Mosher's method on a derivative of panclicin A. They are structurally related to beta-lactone esterase inhibitors of microbial origin, lipstatin, valilactone, ebelactones and esterastin. Panclicins also contain a beta-lactone structure with two alkyl chains, one of which has an N-formylalanyloxy or N-formylglycyloxy substituent.
A new wall compensation algorithm for through-the-wall radar imaging (2008)

The effects of velocity change, refraction and absorption all must be considered for through-the-wall radar, which can displace the target and defocus in imaging. Based on signal propagation model in presence of the wall and the system concept, the relationship is obtained among the transmit signal, target position and the wall transfer function. In this paper, we will present a method to estimate the wall transfer function using the real data and a new wall compensation algorithm based on the inverse system. The new wall compensation algorithm can eliminate the effects of unknown wall parameters very well, which is proved by processing real data collected in a laboratory environment.
Nitrate Effects on Nitrate Reductase Activity and Nitrite Reductase mRNA Levels in Maize Suspension Cultures (1989)

Nitrate reductase (NR) activity and nitrite reductase (NiR) mRNA levels were monitored in Black Mexican Sweet maize (Zea mays L.) suspension cultures after the addition of nitrate. Maximal induction occurred with 20 millimolar nitrate and within 2 hours. Both NR and NiR mRNA were transiently induced with levels decreasing after the 2 hours despite the continued presence of nitrate in the medium. Neither ammonia nor chlorate prevented the induction of NR. Furthermore, removal of nitrate, followed by its readdition 22 to 48 hours later, did not result in reinduction of activity or message. NR was synthesized de novo, since cycloheximide completely blocked its induction. Cycloheximide had no effect on the induction of NiR mRNA or on the transient nature of its induction. These results are similar to those reported previously for maize seedlings.
Spectrally Consistent Satellite Image Fusion with Improved Image Priors (2006)

Here an improvement to our previous framework for satellite image fusion is presented. A framework purely based on the sensor physics and on prior assumptions on the fused image. The contributions of this paper are two fold. Firstly, a method for ensuring 100% spectrally consistency is proposed, even when more sophisticated image priors are applied. Secondly, a better image prior is introduced, via data-dependent image smoothing
Compiler optimizations for the PA-8000 (1997)

Compiler optimizations play a key role in unlocking the performance of the PA-8000 (L. Gwennap, 1994), an innovative dynamically scheduled machine which is the first implementation of the 64 bit PA 2.0 member of the HP PA-RISC architecture family. This wide superscalar, long out of order machine provides significant execution bandwidth and automatically hides latency at runtime; however despite its ample hardware resources, many of the optimizing transformations which proved effective for the PA-8000 served to augment its ability to exploit the available bandwidth and to hide latency. While legacy codes benefit from the PA-8000's sophisticated hardware, recompilation of old binaries can be vital to realizing the full potential of the PA-8000, given the impact of new compilers in achieving peak performance for this machine.
Gene targeting using a promoterless gene trap vector (“targeted trapping”) is an efficient method to mutate a large fraction of genes (2005)

A powerful tool for postgenomic analysis of mammalian gene function is gene targeting in mouse ES cells. We report that homologous recombination using a promoterless gene trap vector ("targeting trapping") yields targeting frequencies averaging above 50%, a significant increase compared with current approaches. These high frequencies appear to be due to the stringency of selection with promoterless constructs, because most random insertions are silent and eliminated by drug selection. The promoterless design requires that the targeted gene be expressed in ES cells at levels exceeding a certain threshold (which we estimate to be approximately 1% of the transferrin receptor gene expression level, for the secretory trap vector used here). Analysis of 127 genes that had been trapped by random (nontargeted) gene trapping with the same vector shows that virtually all are expressed in ES cells above this threshold, suggesting that targeted and random trapping share similar requirements for expression levels. In a random sampling of 130 genes encoding secretory proteins, about half were expressed above threshold, suggesting that about half of all secretory genes are accessible by either targeted or random gene trapping. The simplicity and high efficiency of the method facilitate systematic targeting of a large fraction of the genome by individual investigators and large-scale consortia alike.
A new compression technique for surveillance videos: Evaluation using new dataset (2016)

Traditional video surveillance takes a huge amount of space storage. Recording everything captured by a surveillance camera consumes the storage devices used by the system. Extracting useful and meaningful information from surveillance videos is a time consuming process due to the long time of the recorded videos. These drawbacks limit the effectiveness of traditional video surveillance systems. In this paper, we propose and elaborate on a compression method which investigates the fact that surveillance videos may last for a long time with no changes in the scene it monitors. Using this fact, a new compression technique that reduces the size of the videos dramatically was developed. We also present a dataset for low quality surveillance videos which can be used by researchers for applying different algorithms and techniques in the field of surveillance videos.
Solid state electrochemiluminescence from homogeneous and patterned monolayers of bifunctional spirobifluorene (2018)

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) generated by a monolayer of a spirobifluorene derivative covalently bound onto an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate is reported for the first time. Our approach allows the efficient preparation homogeneous and patterned substrates through micromolding in capillaries (MIMIC), and opens novel scenarios for multicolour ECL applications.
Inhibition of murine osteosarcoma lung metastases using the CXCR4 antagonist, CTCE-9908. (2005)

256 Background The chemokine SDF-1 and its receptor, CXCR4, are involved in the regulation of metastases in many human tumors. Expression of CXCR4 in human osteosarcomas correlates with poor prognosis. SDF-1 is expressed at high levels in lung, bone marrow and liver, all of which are organs to which osteosarcoma can metastasize. These findings suggest that therapy that is aimed at disruption of this specific ligand/receptor complex may lead to a decrease in metastases. We utilized CTCE-9908, a SDF-1 analog and CXCR4 antagonist to determine whether inhibition of CXCR4 leads to a decrease in lung metastases in a murine model of osteosarcoma metastasis. Methods K7M2 murine osteosarcoma cells were pre-treated with CTCE-9908, or with T22, a different CXCR4 antagonist that has been shown to decrease lung metastases in a murine melanoma model. Control cells were treated with PBS. Following pre-treatment, 1x^6 cells were injected by tail vein into female Balb/C mice. Mice were then treated with CTCE-9908 subcutaneously, T22 intraperitoneally, or PBS, once daily x5, for 4 weeks. All animals were sacrificed on day 26 and the number of surface lung metastases counted. Results For the control mice, the average number of surface lung metastases was 9.9 (SD 7.3). Mice treated with CTCE-9908 had an average number of 3.4 nodules (SD 5.0, p-value 0.03). Interestingly, mice treated with T22 did not have a decrease in the number of nodules as compared to the control mice, 13.9 (SD 7.3, p-value 0.24). Conclusions Mice treated with the CXCR4 inhibitor, CTCE-9908, had a 67% decrease in the number of visible metastatic lung nodules. A phase I study of this compound in healthy adults did not reveal any significant toxicities. These results suggest that clinical studies of CTCE-9908 in human osteosarcomas may be warranted.
Dentate Gyrus Immaturity in Schizophrenia (2019)

Hippocampal abnormalities have been heavily implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus was shown to manifest an immature molecular profile in schizophrenia subjects, as well as in various animal models of the disorder. In this position paper, we advance a hypothesis that this immature molecular profile is accompanied by an identifiable immature morphology of the dentate gyrus granule cell layer. We adduce evidence for arrested maturation of the dentate gyrus in the human schizophrenia-affected brain, as well as multiple rodent models of the disease. Implications of this neurohistopathological signature for current theory regarding the development of schizophrenia are discussed.
Si-Substrate Removal for AlGaN/GaN Devices on PCB Carriers (2020)

This work presents a Si-substrate removal technique for AlGaN/GaN devices on PCB carriers. The Si-removal method is explained and experimentally applied to PCB-embedded AlGaN/GaN-on-Si devices. The PCB-embedding package is reopened at the thermal pad by laser-removal and the Si-substrate is removed by wet chemical etching. The paper presents a direct comparison of the electrical characteristics for devices before and after Si-removal. Different substrate related effects are observed and investigated. The pulsed drain currents degrade after Si-removal, due to the absence of the thermal substrate capacitance. Furthermore, the dynamic on-state resistance is increased by surface trapping on the exposed backside. Measurement results are discussed and physically interpreted. The on-state resistance is unaffected in the range of $175 \mathrm{m}\Omega$ before and after Si-removal. The measurements show an increase of the off-state voltage from 600 V to 1400 V for devices after Si-removal.
Polymer Membranes for Fuel Cells (2013)

Abstract Polymeric membranes are a key component of hydrogen/air and direct methanol fuel cells. The desired properties of fuel cell membranes are (i) high proton conductivity, (ii) high mechanical strength, (iii) good oxidative and thermal stability, (iv) low fuel and oxidant permeability, and (v) low cost. The most important and most widely studied membrane polymers include perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs), poly(arylene ether)s, polyimides, polyphosphazenes, and polybenzimidazole. Membranes are fabricated via melt extrusion and, most frequently, by solution casting. Composite membranes offer improved mechanical strength and higher temperature stability. Typically, composite membranes are obtained by pore filling, layer‐by‐layer assembly, and electrospinning. The list of current fuel cell membrane manufacturers is relatively short. Most notable is E.I. DuPont de Nemours and Co., which sells PFSA membranes under the trade name Nafion®. Other manufacturers are Solvay Solexis, FuMA‐Tech, BASF, Tokuyama, and Asahi Kasei Chemical Corporation.