gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-legged ROV Crabster and an acoustic camera for survey of underwater cultural heritages (2015)

In west coast of Korea peninsula, there are some offshore sites where ancient sunken shipwrecks have been discovered. These ships are supposed to carry an amount of artifacts what show lifestyle and culture of the day. In these areas, however, because of fast ocean currents and low visibility, underwater survey and excavation by divers are strictly restricted. Especially, optical cameras and human's visual inspection become defective. To overcome these conditions, use of unmanned underwater vehicles such like a ROV(Remotely Operated Vehicle) which is equipped with acoustic imaging devices has been raised. This paper describes preliminary performance experiments for survey of underwater cultural heritages using a ROV whose name is Crabster driven by six artificial legs with a high-resolution acoustic camera in sea. The Crabster uses the six articulated legs actuated by BLDC motors as its thrusters. Therefore, it moves on the sea floor without disturbances by propellers which are widely used as thrusters of any other general ROVs. In addition, The robot is expected to minimize shadow areas of acoustic imaging sensors by controlling its body posture precisely using the legs. In this paper, we introduce operations of Crabster and the acoustic imaging devices when we conducted from April to May in 2015. Using acoustic imaging devices, we could find dispersed potteries and iron caldrons. Mosaicked image to show surround of the robot is also included.
Composite Hybrid Quasi-Solid Electrolyte for High-Energy Lithium Metal Batteries (2021)

Exploring quasi-solid electrolytes with superior ionic conductivities, wide electrochemical stability window, desirable compatibility toward lithium metal, and facile processability for high-energy lithium metal batteries remains a challenge. In this work, all of these issues are fully addressed via a composite hybrid design, of which poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) is used as a polymeric host and guarantees the interfacial compatibility toward lithium metal, highly conductive and thermally stable ionogel aims at suppressing PEO crystallization and enhancing conductivity, and garnet conductor enhances mechanical and electrochemical stabilities. Such a composite hybrid design yields the required quasi-solid electrolyte, which not only shows a high ionic conductivity of 7.4 × 10–4 S cm–1 at 25 °C but also extends the electrochemical stability window to 5.5 V vs Li/Li+, demonstrated with the interacted and monolithic structure of the composite hybrid quasi-solid electrolyte by XPS. Moreover, the composite hybrid quasi-solid electrolyte suppresses dendrite growth with a current density up to 0.7 mA cm–2. The quasi-solid Li∥LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 and Li∥LiFePO4 cells using this composite hybrid quasi-solid electrolyte are demonstrated. This study suggests that engineering integration of ionogel, polymer, and inorganic conductor offers an alternative to explore new electrolytes for lithium metal batteries.
Capacity comparison between the GSM mobile radio system and a CDMA-based one (2002)

Performance comparisons between the European mobile radio system, GSM, and one with a DS-CDMA access technique, based on the IS 95 Standard, are carried out in terms of link budgets and capacity evaluations. The same working conditions and the same cellular coverage have been adopted with the aim of performing significant comparison between the two systems. In particular, the performance has been evaluated in outdoor urban and quasi-open rural environments, under the hypothesis that the mobile terminals transmit with the same mean power.
The intravenous route to blood glucose control (2001)

This article discusses closed-loop blood glucose regulation algorithms that use the intravenous route for insulin delivery to insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Classical control methods and advanced algorithms using implicit knowledge or explicit models (empirical, fundamental, or "gray-box") of the diabetic patient are examined. Current research on characterizing patient variability is presented, in the context of a model predictive controller able to adjust to changes in patient glucose and insulin sensitivity.
On-the-Fly Text Retrieval for end-to-end ASR Adaptation (2023)

End-to-end speech recognition models are improved by incorporating external text sources, typically by fusion with an external language model. Such language models have to be retrained whenever the corpus of interest changes. Furthermore, since they store the entire corpus in their parameters, rare words can be challenging to recall. In this work, we propose augmenting a transducer-based ASR model with a retrieval language model, which directly retrieves from an external text corpus plausible completions for a partial ASR hypothesis. These completions are then integrated into subsequent predictions by an adapter, which is trained once, so that the corpus of interest can be switched without incurring the computational overhead of retraining. Our experiments show that the proposed model significantly improves the performance of a transducer baseline on a pair of question-answering datasets. Further, it outperforms shallow fusion on recognition of named entities by about 7% relative; when the two are combined, the relative improvement increases to 13%.
Evaluating and defining the sharpness of intraocular lenses (2005)

Results shows that the edge design of IOLs plays an important role in the prevention of posterior capsule opacification. A specific optic edge design was most effective in this prevention.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Metabolites of Imipramine and Phenytoin. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Biogenesis of Methane (1977)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More
The zebrafish digital embryo: in toto reconstruction of zebrafish early embryonic development with digital scanned laser light sheet fluorescence microscopy (2009)

The analysis of all cell movements and all cell interactions in a vertebrate during the entire period of embryonic development is a fundamental goal in biology. Using DSLM, we recorded the development of entire zebrafish embryos in vivo and with sub-cellular resolution. By imaging at a speed of 1.5 billion volume elements per minute, image data in the order of several terabytes were acquired for each embryo over the time course of an entire day, i.e. up to a stage, in which the embryo comprises 20,000 cells and major organs are in a functional state. By using automated image processing algorithms the image data of each embryo were converted into a digital representation of the embryo (the "digital embryo"), i.e. a database with comprehensive information about migratory tracks and divisions of the embryo's cells. The digital embryos permit to follow single cells as a function of time such that the "fate" as well as the origin of the cells can be reconstructed. By means of these analyses, developmental blueprints of tissues and organs can be determined in a whole-embryo context. Defects in embryonic development or disease models can now be analyzed and understood on a quantitative level.
Kinect Depth Sensor Evaluation for Computer Vision Applications (2012)

This technical report describes our evaluation of the Kinect depth sensor by Microsoft for Computer Vision applications. The depth sensor is able to return images like an ordinary camera, but instead of color, each pixel value represents the distance to the point. As such, the sensor can be seen as a range- or 3D-camera. We have used the sensor in several different computer vision projects and this document collects our experiences with the sensor. We are only focusing on the depth sensing capabilities of the sensor since this is the real novelty of the product in relation to computer vision. The basic technique of the depth sensor is to emit an infrared light pattern (with an IR laser diode) and calculate depth from the reflection of the light at different positions (using a traditional IR sensitive camera). In this report, we perform an extensive evaluation of the depth sensor and investigate issues such as 3D resolution and precision, structural noise, multi-cam setups and transient response of the sensor. The purpose is to give the reader a well-founded background to choose whether or not the Kinect sensor is applicable to a specific problem.
Abstract 4232: GFP imaging of DNA repair after UV irradiation of cancer cells (2012)

Abstract The ability to image DNA repair in cancer cells after irradiation as well as its inhibition by potential therapeutic agents is important for the further development of radiotherapy of cancer. The relocalization of GFP fused to the chromatin-binding domain of a check-point-adapter protein 53BP1 was imaged after UV irradiation of breast cancer and MiaPaca-2 human pancreatic cancer cells. 53BP1 is a DNA repair protein that is over-expressed when double-stranded breaks occur in DNA. During live-cell imaging, 53BP1-GFP foci formation was observed within 15 minutes after UV irradiation. Most 53BP1 foci resolved by 90 min. To block UV-induced double stranded break (DSB) repair in cancer cells, we targeted poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with ABT-888 (veliparib). PAPR inhibition markedly enhanced UV-irradiation-induced foci persistence, even more than 90 min after UV irradiation, and decreased cell proliferation of breast and pancreatic cancer cells. The results suggest UV-irradiation and PAPR inhibition are a promising therapeutic combination for breast and pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4232. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4232
Nucleophile specificity of subtilisin in an organic solvent with low water content: Investigation via acyl transfer reactions (1996)

Nucleophile specificity of subtilisin (subtilopeptidase A) was studied via acyl transfer reactions in acetonitrile containing piperidine and 10 vol% of water. Ac-Tyr-OEt was used as acyl donor and a series of amino acid derivatives, di- and tripeptides of the general structure Xaa-Gly, Gly-Xaa, Gly-Gly-Xaa (Xaa represents all natural L-amino acids except cysteine) were used as nucleophiles. The nucleophilic efficiencies of these peptides were characterized by the values of the apparent partition constants, papp, determined from the HPLC analysis of the reactions. The order of preference for the P′1 position was estimated to be: Gly > hydrophilic, positively charged > hydrophobic, aromatic > negatively charged > Leu >>> Pro side chain. For the P′2 position the order of preference was: Gly > hydrophilic, charged > hydrophobic, aromatic > Pro side chain. The values of papp for Gly-Gly-Xaa tripeptides cover a range of only two orders of magnitude, with lower nucleophile efficiency for those with hydrophobic amino acid residues in the P′3 position. The dipeptide with Pro in P′1 did not react at all, but a tripeptide having Pro in P′3 was a very good nucleophile. The negatively charged amino acid residues in the P′1 position result in very weak nucleophilic behavior, whereas the peptides with Asp or Glu in P′2 and P′3 are well accepted. Generally, peptides of the Gly-Xaa or Gly-Gly-Xaa series were better nucleophiles than peptides of the Xaa-Gly series. The length of the peptide chain or amidation of α-carboxyl function had no influence on nucleophilic behavior. No significant difference in nucleophile specificity between subtilopeptidase A and nagarse was observed. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A Fast DVC to HEVC Transcoding for Mobile Video Communication (2019)

In the geological hazards rescue, it is one of the most important demands to provide the longer real-time video communication with the same battery capacity. In this paper, a novel fast transcoding from distributed video coding (DVC) to high efficiency video coding (HEVC) is proposed to provide an effective solution. Firstly, the proposed transcoding shifts the high computational complexity including DVC decoding and HEVC encoding to the DVCHEVC transcoding server. And then, by means of support vector machine, this algorithm fully exploits the correlation between DVC and HEVC to accelerate the transcoding. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional cascade transcoding, the proposed algorithm can save the transcoding time complexity, on average, by 52.44% with acceptable RD performance loss.
A self-consistent spin-diffusion model for micromagnetics (2016)

Abstract We propose a three-dimensional micromagnetic model that dynamically solves the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation coupled to the full spin-diffusion equation. In contrast to previous methods, we solve for the magnetization dynamics and the electric potential in a self-consistent fashion. This treatment allows for an accurate description of magnetization dependent resistance changes. Moreover, the presented algorithm describes both spin accumulation due to smooth magnetization transitions and due to material interfaces as in multilayer structures. The model and its finite-element implementation are validated by current driven motion of a magnetic vortex structure. In a second experiment, the resistivity of a magnetic multilayer structure in dependence of the tilting angle of the magnetization in the different layers is investigated. Both examples show good agreement with reference simulations and experiments respectively.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Regulation of subchondral bone osteoblast metabolism by cyclic compression. (2012)

OBJECTIVE: Recent data have shown that abnormal subchondral bone remodeling plays an important role in osteoarthritis (OA) onset and progression, and it was suggested that abnormal mechanical pressure applied to the articulation was responsible for these metabolic changes. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of cyclic compression on osteoblasts from OA subchondral bone.METHODS: Osteoblasts were isolated from sclerotic and nonsclerotic areas of human OA subchondral bone. After 28 days, the osteoblasts were surrounded by an abundant extracellular matrix and formed a resistant membrane, which was submitted to cyclic compression (1 MPa at 1 Hz) for 4 hours. Gene expression was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Protein production in culture supernatants was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or visualized by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Compression increased the expression of genes coding for interleukin-6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase 2, RANKL, fibroblast growth factor 2, IL-8, matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3), MMP-9, and MMP-13 but reduced the expression of osteoprotegerin in osteoblasts in both sclerotic and nonsclerotic areas. Colα1(I) and MMP-2 were not significantly affected by mechanical stimuli. Nonsclerotic osteoblasts were significantly more sensitive to compression than sclerotic ones, but after compression, differences in messenger RNA levels between nonsclerotic and sclerotic osteoblasts were largely reduced or even abolished. Under basal conditions, sclerotic osteoblasts expressed similar levels of α5, αv, β1, and β3 integrins and CD44 as nonsclerotic osteoblasts but 30% less connexin 43, an important mechanoreceptor.CONCLUSION: Genes involved in subchondral bone sclerosis are mechanosensitive. After compression, nonsclerotic and sclerotic osteoblasts expressed a similar phenotype, suggesting that compression could be responsible for the phenotype changes in OA subchondral osteoblasts.Copyright © 2012 by the American College of Rheumatology. PMID: 22034083 Funding information This work was supported by: Intramural NIH HHS, United States
The Exodus subfamily of CC chemokines inhibits the proliferation of chronic myelogenous leukemia progenitors (2000)

Chemokines are a family of related proteins that regulate leukocyte infiltration into inflamed tissue and play important roles in disease processes. Among the biologic activities of chemokines is inhibition of proliferation of normal hematopoietic progenitors. However, chemokines that inhibit normal progenitors rarely inhibit proliferation of hematopoietic progenitors from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We and others recently cloned a subfamily of CC chemokines that share similar amino-terminal peptide sequences and a remarkable ability to chemoattract T cells. These chemokines, Exodus-1/LARC/MIP-3alpha, Exodus-2/SLC/6Ckine/TCA4, and Exodus-3/CKbeta11/MIP-3beta, were found to inhibit proliferation of normal human marrow progenitors. The study described here found that these chemokines also inhibited the proliferation of progenitors in every sample of marrow from patients with CML that was tested. This demonstration of consistent inhibition of CML progenitor proliferation makes the 3 Exodus chemokines unique among chemokines. (Blood. 2000;95:1506-1508)
Crystal Structures and Photocarrier Generation of Thioindigo Derivatives (1998)

The X-ray crystal structures of thioindigo derivatives, 4,4‘7,7‘-tetrachlorothioindigo and 4,4‘,5,5‘,7,7‘-hexachlorothioindigo, have been determined to clarify the photocarrier generation process in these compounds. The crystals belong to the same space group (P21/a), but the stacking manner of the molecules differs with respect to the slip angles of the molecular stacking columns. In tetrachlorothioindigo, the stacking molecules are arranged in such a way that all of the atoms of the indigoid part effectively overlap, so that the superior overlap between the HOMOs and between the LUMOs of the nearest stacking neighbors are realized to those in hexachlorothioindigo and thioindigo. These overlaps and the resultant intermolecular interactions in the tetrachlorothioindigo crystal are also revealed by differences between the bond lengths in the indigoid part of the isolated molecule and those of the solid-state molecule. In hexachlorothioindigo, there are no such differences, indicating that neither significant overlap of molecular orbitals nor strong intermolecular interactions exists. As a result, in the tetrachlorothioindigo crystal, intermolecular charge transfer and subsequent electron-hole pair dissociation occur more efficiently than in the others. This leads to a higher photocarrier generation efficiency of tetrachlorothioindigo expressed experimentally by a large thermalization length of 6 nm.
Epidemiological Change of Atopic Dermatitis and Food Allergy in School-Aged Children in Korea between 1995 and 2000 (2004)

Little is known about the prevalence of atopic dermatitis and food allergy outside North America and Europe. We evaluated the prevalence of atopic dermatitis and food allergy with the comparison of prevalence between 1995 and 2000 in Korea and evaluated the correlation of prevalence between atopic dermatitis and food allergy. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on random samples of schoolchildren 6 to 14 yr at two time points, 1995 and 2000 throughout Korea. The last twelve months prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Korean school-aged children was increased from 1995 to 2000. The twelve-month prevalence of atopic dermatitis and food allergy were higher in Seoul than in any other provincial cities in 1995, but the prevalence of both diseases in Seoul and Provincial Centers became to be similar in 2000. The rate responded to food allergy of children with atopic dermatitis (9.5%) was lower than that of the western countries (60%). And our data demonstrated paternal and maternal allergy history is very significantly correlated to developing atopic dermatitis in their offspring. The further objective evaluations are required to confirm these outcomes because the environmental and risk factors may be different among the countries according to their living cultures.
Analysis of Thymectomy for Myasthenia Gravis in Older Patients: A 20-Year Single Institution Experience (2001)

Increased age does not alter the outcomes of thymectomy for myasthenia gravis. Older patients can expect to have similar responses and require a similar number of postoperative medications as younger patients, but with a higher short-term morbidity.
Localization based on region descriptors in grid maps (2014)

This paper presents a novel approach towards highly precise self-localization of a vehicle on a digital map. The proposed approach utilizes a map containing region descriptors extracted from ordinary occupancy grid maps. The Maximally Stable Extremal Regions (MSER) algorithm provides robust feature extraction from grid maps in a completely unsupervised process. This allows for the automatic creation of huge maps. Since only single region descriptor points of grid maps are saved in the map database, the data volume of the produced map is kept low. The approach uses a particle filter to estimate the vehicle position on the digital map. The particle filter associates MSER features extracted from an online generated grid map with features of the digital map. An evaluation with real world sensor data, collected on a German rural road, shows that the approach locates the vehicle very precisely.
Multivariate Metal–Organic Frameworks for the Simultaneous Capture of Organic and Inorganic Contaminants from Water (2019)

We report a new water-stable multivariate (MTV) metal–organic framework (MOF) prepared by combining two different oxamide-based metalloligands derived from the natural amino acids l-serine and l-methionine. This unique material features hexagonal channels decorated with two types of flexible and functional “arms” (−CH2OH and −CH2CH2SCH3) capable of enabling, synergistically, the simultaneous and efficient removal of both inorganic (heavy metals such as Hg2+, Pb2+, and Tl+) and organic (dyes such as Pyronin Y, Auramine O, Brilliant green, and Methylene blue) contaminants, and, in addition, this MTV-MOF is completely reusable. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements allowed solving the crystal structure of a host–guest adsorbate, containing both HgCl2 and Methylene blue, and offered unprecedented snapshots of this unique dual capture process. This is the very first time that a MOF can be used for the removal of all sorts of pollutants from water resources, thus opening new perspectives for this emerging type of MTV-MOF.