gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NF-κB Essential Modulator (NEMO) Interaction with Linear and Lys-63 Ubiquitin Chains Contributes to NF-κB Activation (2011)

The IκB kinase (IKK) complex acts as a gatekeeper of canonical NF-κB signaling in response to upstream stimulation. IKK activation requires sensing of ubiquitin chains by the essential IKK regulatory subunit IKKγ/NEMO. However, it has remained enigmatic whether NEMO binding to Lys-63-linked or linear ubiquitin chains is critical for triggering IKK activation. We show here that the NEMO C terminus, comprising the ubiquitin binding region and a zinc finger, has a high preference for binding to linear ubiquitin chains. However, immobilization of NEMO, which may be reminiscent of cellular oligomerization, facilitates the interaction with Lys-63 ubiquitin chains. Moreover, selective mutations in NEMO that abolish association with linear ubiquitin but do not affect binding to Lys-63 ubiquitin are only partially compromising NF-κB signaling in response to TNFα stimulation in fibroblasts and T cells. In line with this, TNFα-triggered expression of NF-κB target genes and induction of apoptosis was partially compromised by NEMO mutations that selectively impair the binding to linear ubiquitin chains. Thus, in vivo NEMO interaction with linear and Lys-63 ubiquitin chains is required for optimal IKK activation, suggesting that both type of chains are cooperating in triggering canonical NF-κB signaling.
RNA Splicing Alterations Induce a Cellular Stress Response Associated with Poor Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2020)

Our discoveries therefore identify aberrant alternative splicing as a molecular feature of adverse AML with clinical relevance.<i>See related commentary by Bowman, p. 3503</i>.
On the Differences between Unit and Integration Testing in the TravisTorrent Dataset (2017)

Already from the early days of testing, practitioners distinguish between unit tests and integration tests as a strategy to locate defects. Unfortunately, the mining software engineering community rarely distinguishes between these two strategies, mainly because it is not straightforward to separate them in the code repositories under study. In this paper we exploited the TravisTorrent dataset provided for the MSR 2017 mining challenge, separated unit tests from integration tests, and correlated these against the workflow as recorded in the corresponding issue reports. Further analysis confirmed that it is worthwhile to treat unit tests and integration tests differently: we discovered that unit tests cause more breaking builds, that fixing the defects exposed by unit tests takes longer and implies more coordination between team members.
Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of 50 Cases of Duodenal Tumor (2013)

Objective To study the clinical diagnosis and surgical treatment of duodenal tumor.Methods The data of 50 cases of patients with duodenal tumor admitted in our hospital from March,2008 to May,2009 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Out of the 50 cases,40 cases received duodenopancreatectomy,the survival rates of 1 year,2 years and 5 years postoperative were 77.5%(31/40),60.0%(24/40)and 50.0%(20/40).5 cases received local excision of duodenal papillary carcinoma and pancreatic and bile duct drainage.1 case died 16 months after the operation,the rest are surviving(over 3 years).2 cases received duodenal segmental resection,but died 12 months,14 months after the operation for the recurrence of the disease.Conclusion The clinical symptoms of patients with duodenal tumor vary by location,but lack specificity.The treatment should be based on the diagnosis and the basic conditions of the patients.In general,pancreatoduodenectomy is the main way of treatment,but postoperative mortality is still high.
Introduction (2013)

This introductory chapter sets out the book's purpose, which is to explore the history and development of the minaret. It seeks to explain when and why Muslims decided to attach towers to mosques, why they look so different in different places, and what they were intended to mean. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.
Theory of ESR line shapes for slow molecular reorientation: A simple experimental example (1974)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation K. Hensen, W.‐O. Riede, H. Sillescu, A. v. Wittgenstein; Theory of ESR line shapes for slow molecular reorientation: A simple experimental example. J. Chem. Phys. 15 November 1974; 61 (10): 4365–4366. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1681748 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioThe Journal of Chemical Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
On the size effect of molybdenum disulfide particles on tribological performance (2005)

Purpose To provide a suitable useful mixing ration of nano‐sized molybdenum disulfide and commercial common molybdenum sulfide (MoS 2 ) particles (approximately 1.5 μ m in diameter) in liquid paraffin, which can lead to a better tribological performance. Design/methodology/approach The MoS 2 nanoparticles and commercial common MoS 2 particles (approximately 1.5 μ m in diameter) were dispersed in liquid paraffin with different concentrations and ratios by means of ultrasonic in order to study their lubrication capacity, friction reduction and wear resistance. The tribological experiments were carried out by MQ‐800 four‐ball tribometer, in which extreme pressure, wear scan diameter and friction coefficient were measured. It was analyzed that the chemical status of elements on the rubbed surface by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and it was observed that the surface topography of wear scan by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Findings The results showed that the loading capacity of liquid paraffin with different kinds of MoS 2 particles were increased with their contents. The liquid paraffin containing the mixture of MoS 2 nanoparticles and common MoS 2 particles has a better wear resistance, friction‐reducing performance and extreme pressure property than the liquid paraffin containing pure common MoS 2 or pure nano‐MoS 2 particles. The optimal mixing ratio of nano‐MoS 2 and common MoS 2 is 20 wt percent, the loading capacity reaches the highest value. By XPS and SEM it was suggested that the difference in the tribological performance between MoS 2 nanoparticles and MoS 2 common particles was attributed to the surface and interfacial size‐effect of nanoparticles and the formation of molybdenum trioxide thin film on the rubbed surface. Research limitations/implications It is not studied that the effects of mixing of common MoS 2 and nano‐MoS 2 in the actual lubricating oil with various additives. Practical implications It provided a basic research results and data for the application of nano‐MoS 2 particles. Originality/value The mixing of nanoparticles and non‐nano‐sized particles will lead to new tribological results, which is different from results obtained from other nanoparticles before.
Challenges and progress in the understanding and modelling of the wheel–rail creep forces (2021)

This paper surveys advances in the understanding and modelling of wheel–rail creep forces. The main focus is placed on tribological aspects, for which significant progress was made in the past two decades. We emphasise the role played by the surface conditions, i.e. the presence of liquid and solid layers, surface roughness, and near-surface plastic deformation. As these surface conditions may change over time, transient changes may be obtained in the creep force characteristic. This brings feedback into the picture, with consequences and opportunities for optimised adhesion recovery, traction control, and braking systems.
The pharmacology of selegiline ((−)deprenyl). New aspects (1989)

Male rats were treated from the end of their 2nd year of life either with saline (1 ml/kg, s.c.) (n = 66) or with deprenyl (0.25 mg/kg, s.c.) (n = 66) three times a week until death. Whereas none of the two-year-old saline-treated rats displayed full scale sexual activity, this appeared in 64 out of 66 rats on deprenyl. The longest living rat in the saline-treated group lived 164 weeks. The average lifespan of the group was 147.05 +/- 0.56 weeks. The shortest living animal in the (-)deprenyl-treated group lived 171 weeks and the longest living rat died during the 226th week of its life. The average lifespan was 191.91 +/- 2.31 weeks. This is the first instance that a well-aimed medication prolonged lifespan of members of a species beyond their maximum age of death (182 weeks in the rat). A close relation between sexual activity and lifespan was detected. Male rats (n = 94) selected from an 8-month old population as sexually inactive ones were found to be miserable learners. This group was treated either with saline (1 ml/kg, s.c.) (n = 46) or with (-)deprenyl (0.25 mg/kg, s.c.) (n = 48) three times a week for 36 weeks. Their performance in the shuttle box during 5 consecutive days was tested before and after treatment. The total number of conditioned avoidance responses (CAR) which remained unchanged in the saline-treated group (6.53 +/- 1.41 before and 5.98 +/- 1.15 after treatment) increased from 5.57 +/- 0.65 to 20.73 +/- 1.39 (p less than 0.001) in the (-)deprenyl-treated group of rats. (-)Deprenyl-treatment (0.25-2 mg/kg, s.c., daily for 21 days) increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the striatum of CFY rats, whereas clorgyline-treatment (0.1-1 mg/kg) inhibited it.
End-to-end detection-segmentation network with ROI convolution (2018)

We propose an end-to-end neural network that improves the segmentation accuracy of fully convolutional networks by incorporating a localization unit. This network performs object localization first, which is then used as a cue to guide the training of the segmentation network. We test the proposed method on a segmentation task of small objects on a clinical dataset of ultrasound images. We show that by jointly learning for detection and segmentation, the proposed network is able to improve the segmentation accuracy compared to only learning for segmentation. Code is publicly available at https://github.com/vincentzhang/roi-fcn.
Development of transgenic rice seed accumulating a major Japanese cedar pollen allergen (Cry j 1) structurally disrupted for oral immunotherapy (2007)

Rice seed-based edible vaccines expressing T-cell epitope peptides derived from Japanese cedar major pollen allergens have been used to successfully suppress allergen-specific Th2-mediated immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses in mouse experiments. In order to further expand the application of seed-based allergen-specific immunotherapy for controlling Japanese cedar pollinosis, we generated transgenic rice plants that specifically express recombinant Cry j 1 allergens in seeds. Cry j 1 allergens give low specific IgE-binding activity but contain all of the T-cell epitopes. The allergens were expressed directly or as a protein fusion with the major rice storage protein glutelin. Fusion proteins expressed under the control of the strong rice endosperm-specific GluB-1 promoter accumulated in rice endosperm tissue up to 15% of total seed protein. The fusion proteins aggregated with cysteine-rich prolamin and were deposited in endoplasmic reticulum-derived protein body I. The production of transgenic rice expressing structurally disrupted Cry j 1 peptides with low IgE binding activity but spanning the entire Cry j1 region can be used as a universal, safe and effective tolerogen for rice seed-based oral immunotherapy for cedar pollen allergy in humans and other mammals.
Methanol from CO2 and Solar Energy—A Literature Review (2010)

The project SolMethCO2 deals with the options of an effective methanol synthesis from atmospheric or industrial CO2 sources by implementing solar energy. First part of the projects is a wide-range survey of the many different processes and sub-processes that may be involved in methanol production and of the possibilities how to make these processes available for solarization. The different fields of research were CO2 capturing, H2/syngas-synthesis, biotechnological techniques for methanol synthesis, photocatalytical approaches and solar reactor. The impending changes in the world climate are related to an accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. One approach to counteract is by binding CO2 in different chemical form like methanol. Concerning the high amount of energy, which is necessary for this process and generally derived from fossil energy sources, the implementation of solar technologies could be a key solution for delivering the energy clean and carbon-free. The chemical and physical ways from solar energy and CO2 to methanol are manifold and hard to compare with respect to their economical and ecological potentials due to different sub-processes. To provide a comparison of the sub-processes, all established procedures have to be recorded and analyzed systematically. Based on the results of literature research, practical experiences, their results and simulations, the aim of this project will be final assessment of all CO2-to-methanol processes. Besides its technical use as a chemical feedstock, as
Signal recovery in shift-invariant spaces from partial frequency data (2011)

This paper studies conditions under which a signal can be reconstructed from partial frequency content. We focus on signals in shift-invariant spaces generated by multiple generators. For these signals, we derive a lower bound on the necessary signal bandwidth as well as sufficient conditions on the generators such that signal recovery is possible. When the available frequency content is not sufficient to recover the signal, we propose appropriate pre-processing that can improve the reconstruction ability.
Protection Elicited by Native Outer Membrane Protein Oms66 (p66) against Host-AdaptedBorrelia burgdorferi: Conformational Nature of Bactericidal Epitopes (2000)

Oms66 is a Borrelia burgdorferi outer membrane porin protein whose role in Lyme disease pathogenesis and immunity has not been well established. Oms66 was solubilized from whole-cell lysates of strain B313 (which is derived from B31 but lacks OspA, -B, -C, and -D) and purified to homogeneity by fast-protein liquid chromatography. Purified native Oms66 (nOms66), which retained the ability to form large channels in a planar lipid bilayer model membrane system, and denatured Oms66 (hOms66) were used to immunize New Zealand White rabbits. The resulting Oms66 antisera were tested in a complement-dependent borreliacidal assay in parallel with basal serum and with serum from rabbits immune to reinfection with B. burgdorferi (IRS). IRS showed high-titer complement-dependent killing of both strains B31 and B313. Sera from animals immunized with nOms66 showed high-titer complement-dependent killing activity against strain B313 but exhibited no killing of B31. By comparison, serum generated from immunizations with hOms66 showed no killing activity against either strain. Following adsorption of antiserum to nOms66 with recombinant Oms66 (rOms66), the serum antibodies no longer bound to rOms66 or to nOms66 that had been denatured with 8 M urea. However, the antibodies still bound to nOms66 and killing activity against B313 was retained, thus suggesting that native, conformational epitopes are targets of this bactericidal activity. Six C3H HeJ mice were immunized with nOms66 and were challenged using "host-adapted" B. burgdorferi B31 by skin implantation of infected mouse ear tissue. Four of the six mice were protected against both localized and disseminated infection. These findings indicate that native Oms66 can elicit potent bactericidal activity and significant protective immunity against host-adapted organisms.
Hemoglobin providence. Functional consequences of two alterations of the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate binding site at position beta 82. (1976)

Position beta 82 in human hemoglobin (Hb) is normally occupied by lysine, a positively charged residue that is involved in the binding of anionic cofactors. This residue is substituted by a neutral residue in Hb Providence Asn and by a negatively charged residue in Hb Providence Asp. Hb Providence Asp shows more differences from Hb A than does Hb Providence Asn in studies of the kinetics and equilibria of ligand binding. For both forms, homotropic (cooperative) interactions are normal with n values of 2.5 to 2.7, while heterotropic (pH and anion) interactions are reduced greatly. The reduction in anion sensitivity is attributed to the absence of a positive residue at position beta 82. Reduction in pH sensitivity may be due to a ligand-linked change in the pK of a neighboring residue, beta 143 histidine, which normally is not a Bohr group. This change in pK would act in opposition to the normal Bohr effect. Reduction in the net positive charge of the central cavity has a further consequence. Relative to Hb A, both Hb Providence Asn and Hb Providence Asp show decreased oxygen affinities at neutral pH in the absence of cofactors. This suggests that in Hb A the binding of anionic cofactors directly influences the oxygen affinity by neutralizing the charged groups of the diphosphoglycerate binding site and thus stabilizing the low affinity (T) conformation. From pH 6 to 9 in the presence of 1 M NaCl, where all the charged groups may be masked, the oxygen-binding properties of Hb A and the Hb Providence mutants are identical. Moreover, subunit dissociation of the liganded Hb Providence mutants appears to be increased, as is known to occur for Hb A in the presence of high salt. The results obtained with Hb Providence Asn and Hb Providence Asp illustrate how single amino acid substitutions can modify hemoglobins' pH and anion interactions without altering cooperative interactions between subunits. The alteration in cofactor effects observed with these mutants also illustrates differences between the allosteric effects induced by organic and inorganic anions.
Key Determinants of Nucleotide-Activated G Protein-Coupled P2Y2 Receptor Function Revealed by Chemical and Pharmacological Experiments, Mutagenesis and Homology Modeling (2009)

The P2Y(2) receptor, which is activated by UTP, ATP, and dinucleotides, was studied as a prototypical nucleotide-activated GPCR. A combination of receptor mutagenesis, determination of its effects on potency and efficacy of agonists and antagonists, homology modeling, and chemical experiments was applied. R272 (extracellular loop EL3) was found to play a gatekeeper role, presumably responsible for recognition and orientation of the nucleotides. R272 is also directly involved in binding of dinucleotides, which behaved as partial agonists. Y118A (3.37) mutation led to dramatically reduced efficacy of agonists; it is part of the entry channel as well as the triphosphate binding site. While the Y114A (3.33) mutation did not have any effect on agonist activities, the antagonist Reactive Blue 2 (6) was completely inactive at that mutant. The disulfide bridge Cys25-Cys278 was found to be important for agonist potency but neither for agonist efficacy nor for antagonist potency.
Modeling and Simulation of the Metabolic Pathway of a Novel Ethanol-tolerant Thermophilic Bacterium Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius. (2007)

Abstract not provided.
End-to-End Race Driving with Deep Reinforcement Learning (2018)

We present research using the latest reinforcement learning algorithm for end-to-end driving without any mediated perception (object recognition, scene understanding). The newly proposed reward and learning strategies lead together to faster convergence and more robust driving using only RGB image from a forward facing camera. An Asynchronous Actor Critic (A3C) framework is used to learn the car control in a physically and graphically realistic rally game, with the agents evolving simultaneously on tracks with a variety of road structures (turns, hills), graphics (seasons, location) and physics (road adherence). A thorough evaluation is conducted and generalization is proven on unseen tracks and using legal speed limits. Open loop tests on real sequences of images show some domain adaption capability of our method.
Knowledge discovery and sharing in an information system (2002)

The collection, organization, retrieval and interpretation of knowledge and information are not only important to an organization's success but vital to its survival. This paper deals with the knowledge conversion within/between tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge in new product development. Based on the framework of NII services, an Internet service for knowledge discovery and sharing, is proposed in the context of their on-going development of an information system for knowledge amplification.
Defect formation energy and magnetic properties of aluminum-substituted M-type barium hexaferrite (2014)

The site occupancy and magnetic properties of aluminum-substituted barium hexaferrite BaAlxFe12−xO19, with the fraction of Al between x = 0.5 and x = 4, has been investigated using density-functional theory within the spin-polarized generalized-gradient approximation. Our results show that Al3+ ions preferentially occupy the 2a and 12k sites, and exclude the occupancy of 4f1 and 4f2 sites (which were not ruled out in previous experimental studies due to the lack of conclusive data). Our results also show that the saturation magnetization decreases monotonically with the increase of Al concentration in agreement with the available experimental data.
Universality of a mesenchymal transition signature in invasive solid cancers (2012)

Abstract In this brief communication, additional computational validation is provided consistent with the unifying hypothesis that a shared biological mechanism of mesenchymal transition, reflected by a precise gene expression signature, may be present in all types of solid cancers when they reach a particular stage of invasiveness.
Efficient Prefix Updates for IP Router Using Lexicographic Ordering and Updatable Address Set (2008)

Dynamic IP router table schemes, proposed in the literature, perform an IP lookup or an on-line prefix update in O(log n) memory accesses. In term of lookup time, they are still slower than FEC (CNHA/CWA) scheme, which requires exactly (at most) three memory accesses for each lookup, irrespective of the number of prefixes n. The prefix update in FEC (CNHA/CWA) has a drawback: Off-line solutions need structure reconstruction, or implementing on-line prefix updates is difficult. This paper solves this problem. We propose the use of lexicographic ordered prefixes to reduce off-line construction time. Simulations on several real routing databases, run on the same platform, show that our approach constructs FEC (CNHA/CWA) tables in 2.56 to 7.74 (1.56 to 2.7) times faster than that from previous techniques. Our on-line update scheme uses an updatable-address-set and selectively decompresses the FEC and CNHA/CWA structures to modify only the next-hops of the addresses in the set. Recompressing the updated structures, the resulting tables are identical to what would have been obtained by structure reconstructions, but at much lower computational cost. Our on-line update for FEC (CNHA/CWA) scheme takes at most 10.1 (7.21) -Ýs, which is of same order as achieved by the recently proposed schemes.
Active esophageal cooling during radiofrequency ablation of the left atrium: data review and update (2022)

The use of active esophageal cooling during RF ablation reduces esophageal injury, reduces or eliminates fluoroscopy requirements, reduces procedure duration and post-operative pain, and increases long-term freedom from arrhythmia. These effects in turn increase patient same-day discharge rates, decrease operator cognitive load, and reduce cost. These findings are likely to further accelerate the adoption of active esophageal cooling.