gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of the binding of cartilage link protein and the hyaluronate-binding region of the cartilage proteoglycan to hyaluronate-substituted Sepharose gel (1981)

The hyaluronate-binding proteins from bovine nasal cartilage, i.e. the hyaluronate-binding region of the proteoglycan and the link protein, were labelled with 125I and separated from each other by gel chromatography. The proteins were characterized by molecular-weight determinations and their purity was established by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and immunodiffusion. The binding properties of the two proteins by hyaluronate-substituted Sepharose gel were compared. It was found that both proteins behaved similarly. They bound with the same efficiency to the gel, they showed the same time course of binding, had slightly different pH optima for binding and both proteins had a decreasing affinity for the gel with increasing ionic strength. The binding to the gel could be inhibited by soluble hyaluronate, and the minimum size of a hyaluronate oligosaccharide required for inhibition was in both cases a decasaccharide (only even-numbered oligosaccharides were tested). The proteins did not show any co-operative binding in the system tested, which could be explained by the large number of binding sites in the hyaluronate-substituted gel. Binding constants for the protein-hyaluronate interaction were estimated. A value of 1.3 x 10(7) M-1 was obtained for the hyaluronate-binding region of the proteoglycan, in agreement with literature data. The corresponding value for the link protein was 0.7 x 10(7) M-1.
S’exercer à l’afflux massif de victimes hospitalières… Comment faire ? (2019)

La capacité à accueillir un afflux massif de victimes au sein d’un hôpital fait partie des obligations de tout établissement de santé (ES). Les modalités de cet accueil sont définies de façon réglementaire par le plan blanc d’établissement. Chaque ES doit s’entraîner. Les exercices sont un élément clé pour apprendre à mieux faire face à ces situations sanitaires exceptionnelles et inhabituelles. Ils permettent de tester les dispositifs et procédures en place, d’acquérir de l’expérience, de déterminer les points forts, les faiblesses et les axes d’amélioration. La conception d’un exercice nécessite avant tout la définition de ses grandes caractéristiques (contexte, type, objectifs), la détermination du cadre et du périmètre de l’exercice (convention d’exercice), la détermination des ressources humaines (animateurs, plastrons, évaluateurs, observateurs) et matérielles nécessaires. Il faudra aussi écrire le scénario (initial, cadence, évolutions prévues), organiser les conditions d’animation (dossier d’exercice) et d’observation, définir les modalités de briefing, de débriefing et les modalités d’évaluation (outils et critères). L’exercice devra mener à un retour d’expérience avec propositions de mesures correctrices si nécessaire. Il doit être piloté par un comité de pilotage multiprofessionnel sous l’égide du directeur d’établissement ou de son représentant. Il doit être conçu comme une étape dans un processus d’amélioration des pratiques professionnelles au profit des patients.
LWFA PIConGPU setup for minimizing transverse phase space effects paper (2021)

This repository contains the PIConGPU source code and setup files used for the "Minimizing transverse phase space effects on beam-loaded laser-wakefield accelerated electron beams" paper.
Cellular ceramic architectures produced by hybrid additive manufacturing: a review on the evolution of their design (2020)

We present in this work a review on the developments of computer aided design (CAD) for ceramic cellular architectures. From the first attempts in using CAD to explain by finite element modelling the behaviour of ceramic foams, this practice became a fundamental step with the newcomer ceramic additive manufacturing (AM) technique. Suddenly AM allowed the realization of such complex structures. End users requirements in several industrial fields could be satisfied thanks to the combination of CAD, simulation and AM. As structures became more complex, new tools were developed in order to solve multi-physical tasks. We first developed a tool to generate and crop periodic and random architectures. Digitally connecting the boundary struts allowed then to increase their mechanical strength. Further tools were developed to obtain periodic and random architectures with variable porosity and pore sizes. We also present an innovative tool, inspired from the atoms patterns within the grain boundaries, which allows to create a solution of continuity between two different periodic architectures. The final chapter presents a set of real components which were produced and tested in different industrial fields.
An approach of PI gain scheduling with hysteresis switching for the control of boiler drum level in the coal-fired power generation units (2006)

An approach, where hysteresis switching logic is used in gain scheduling of PI controller, is proposed and applied practically in the control of boiler drum level of 4× 300MW coal-fired power generation units. The parameterized candidate PI controllers are designed at a number of operating points based on on-site engineering tuning/tests, and, hysteresis switching logic, which is shown theoretically can be used with the aim that switching stops in finite time, is applied to make controller decision over those candidate PI controllers. The unit generation output is used as scheduling variable by the hysteresis switching logic. The proposed controller structure is used to control drum level of 4×300MW coal-fired power generation units at Zouxian Power Generation Inc, P.R.China.
Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine modifies the effect of pravastatin on myocardial blood flow in young adults (2003)

Elevated plasma levels of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are related to decreased myocardial vasodilatory capacity and increased risk of acute coronary events. As statin treatment is known to increase nitric oxide bioavailability and enhance myocardial function, we tested whether ADMA concentration modifies the effect of pravastatin on myocardial blood flow in young adults with mild hypercholesterolemia. Fifty-one men (35 +/- 4 years) were randomly assigned to receive either pravastatin (40 mg/day) or placebo for 6 months. Myocardial blood flow was measured at rest and during adenosine-induced hyperemia using positron emission tomography and oxygen-15-labeled water at baseline and after treatment. Plasma ADMA levels were assessed with high performance liquid chromatography. Low baseline plasma ADMA concentration (< median) predicted a significant improvement of adenosine-induced blood flow after statin intervention (baseline to follow-up change +35%, p = 0.004), whereas high baseline ADMA (> or = median) was associated with no increase in adenosine-induced flow.
Contrasted responses of Botrytis cinerea isolates developing on tomato plants grown under different nitrogen nutrition regimes (2010)

The nutritional status of a plant is known to influence its susceptibility to pathogens. In the case of Botrytis cinerea, the role of nitrogen fertilization of various host plants on disease development appears to be variable. This study was carried out to characterize possible variability associated with isolates and inoculum density of B. cinerea in its ability to infect leaf‐pruning wounds and to develop stem lesions on tomato plants, as affected by the nitrogen input. Six isolates differing in their aggressiveness to tomato were compared. They all had similar reaction patterns in vitro in response to differential nitrogen levels. In tests on plants grown with contrasted regimes of nitrate fertilization, overall disease severity was lower for all isolates on plants with higher nitrogen inputs, regardless of inoculum concentration. However, differences among isolates were observed in the effect of plant nitrogen nutrition on infection and on lesion expansion. Disease onset was delayed on all plants with higher nitrogen inputs, but the response was greater for isolates with lower aggressiveness on tomato. The highest contrast among isolates was observed with the colonization of stems. The daily rate of stem lesion expansion decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilization levels for the more aggressive isolates, while it increased for the less aggressive isolate. Hypotheses to explain these results are discussed in light of the possible physiological effects of nitrogen fertilization on nutrient availability for the pathogen in the host tissue and of possible production of defence metabolites by the plant.
Chemistry of detonation soot II: More diamonds and volatiles (1990)

Soot samples obtained from detonation of explosive charges were subjected to perchloric acid oxidation. Diamond peaks were confirmed by x-ray diffraction in most of the residues. Untreated soot samples were pyrolyzed and evaluated by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry; a total of 31 different volatiles were recovered. The volatiles observed in detonation soot are similar to those found in carbon blacks, naphthalene and benzonitrile being the most abundant and frequently observed pyrolysis products. Differences among the volatile components result in a characteristic fingerprint of each soot and may provide insight into energy release and chemical transformations involved in explosive reactions. 11 refs., 1 fig., 3 tabs.
Interleukin 34: a new modulator of human and experimental inflammatory bowel disease (2015)

IBD (inflammatory bowel disease), where CD (Crohn's disease) and UC (ulcerative colitis) represent the two main forms, are chronic inflammatory conditions of the intestine. Macrophages play a central role in IBD pathogenesis and are regulated by major differentiation factors such as CSF-1 (colony-stimulating factor 1) in homoeostasis and inflammation. IL (interleukin)-34 has recently been discovered as a second ligand for CSF-1R (CSF-1 receptor). However, expression and involvement of IL-34 in IBD remain unknown. In the present paper, we investigated the expression of IL34, CSF1 and their shared receptor CSF1R in normal human ileum and colon, in inflamed and non-inflamed tissues of CD and UC patients, and in a mouse model of experimental colitis. We found distinct expression patterns of IL34 and CSF1 in ileum and colon, with higher IL34 in ileum and, in contrast, higher CSF1 in colon. Furthermore, IL34 and CSF1 expression was increased with inflammation in IBD patients and in experimental colitis. In humans, infiltrating cells of the lamina propria and intestinal epithelial cells expressed IL-34, and TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor α) regulated IL-34 expression in intestinal epithelial cells through the NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) pathway. These data demonstrate the expression pattern of IL-34 in ileum and colon and suggest IL-34 as a new modulator of inflammation in IBD.
EMILIN1/α9β1 Integrin Interaction Is Crucial in Lymphatic Valve Formation and Maintenance (2013)

Lymphatic vasculature plays a crucial role in the maintenance of tissue interstitial fluid balance. The role of functional collecting lymphatic vessels in lymph transport has been recently highlighted in pathologies leading to lymphedema, for which treatments are currently unavailable. Intraluminal valves are of paramount importance in this process. However, valve formation and maturation have not been entirely elucidated yet, in particular, the role played by the extracellular matrix (ECM). We hypothesized that EMILIN1, an ECM multidomain glycoprotein, regulates lymphatic valve formation and maintenance. Using a mouse knockout model, we show that in the absence of EMILIN1, mice exhibit defects in lymphatic valve structure and in lymph flow. By applying morphometric in vitro and in vivo functional assays, we conclude that this impaired phenotype depends on the lack of α9β1 integrin engagement, the specific lymphatic endothelial cell receptor for EMILIN1, and the ensuing derangement of cell proliferation and migration. Our data demonstrate a fundamental role for EMILIN1-integrin α9 interaction in lymphatic vasculature, especially in lymphatic valve formation and maintenance, and underline the importance of this ECM component in displaying a regulatory function in proliferation and acting as a "guiding" molecule in migration of lymphatic endothelial cells.
Document Retrieval Based on Key Information of Sentence (2008)

Most of the document retrieval systems are limited to the query processing based on keywords. Some question answering systems are more efficient in understanding the natural language questions and responding on it. The major deficiency in such systems is that these systems do not take into account the semantic relation between the nouns and verbs. In this paper we used the relation between the nouns and the verbs in a sentence. The subject verb and object of a sentence are identified as the key information in the processing phase. For the purpose we used the natural language processing method to parse and extract key information from sentences in the document. We then perform semantically related keyword search in the extracted key information to retrieve the document.
The role of photodynamic therapy (PDT) physics (2008)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging treatment modality that employs the photochemical interaction of three components: light, photosensitizer, and oxygen. Tremendous progress has been made in the last 2 decades in new technical development of all components as well as understanding of the biophysical mechanism of PDT. The authors will review the current state of art in PDT research, with an emphasis in PDT physics. They foresee a merge of current separate areas of research in light production and delivery, PDT dosimetry, multimodality imaging, new photosensitizer development, and PDT biology into interdisciplinary combination of two to three areas. Ultimately, they strongly believe that all these categories of research will be linked to develop an integrated model for real-time dosimetry and treatment planning based on biological response.
Anisotropic temperature–electric field phase diagrams and domain structure evolution in rhombohedral Mn-doped PIN–PMN–PT single crystals (2018)

Anisotropic temperature–electric field phase diagrams are established based on microscopic domain observation and macroscopic dielectric and strain properties.
Programmed Death–1 Expression in Liver Transplant Recipients as a Prognostic Indicator of Cytomegalovirus Disease (2007)

Immunological parameters that distinguish solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients at risk for life-threatening cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease are being actively pursued to aid posttransplant management. A candidate marker is programmed death (PD)-1 receptor, whose overexpression has been associated with disease progression during persistent viral infections. To determine whether levels of this negative regulator of T cell activity are altered in SOT recipients with symptoms of CMV disease, a comparative PD-1 expression analysis was done in healthy, CMV-positive individuals and in liver transplant recipients. PD-1 levels were measured among the total population of CD8(+) and CD8(+) T cells binding to CMV-specific major histocompatibility complex class I tetramers. Minimal PD-1 expression was found in the healthy, CMV-positive cohort, and symptomatic SOT recipients had significantly higher PD-1 levels. PD-1 up-regulation was significantly associated with incipient and overt CMV disease and with viremia. Our findings suggest that PD-1 could be developed as a prognostic tool to predict CMV disease and guide therapeutic interventions.
Design of bioreactors for mesenchymal stem cell tissue engineering (2008)

Abstract There is a growing need for efficient mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) production processes for a wide spectrum of clinical conditions ranging from the treatment of life‐threatening graft‐ versus ‐host disease to cartilage repair. Development of cell and tissue engineered products derived from MSCs will be enabled by scalable production processes with standards of safety and efficacy similar to those established for the pharmaceutical industry. Many of the bioreactor design principles established for production of biopharmaceuticals can be applied to production of MSC products; however, specific control of the microenvironment is required for MSC expansion and differentiation. We review how porous scaffolds and bioreactor technologies are applied to the study of the MSC microenvironment. Current methods for MSC production are based on growth in tissue culture flasks, which is labour‐intensive and expensive. We suggest that stirred, perfusion or microfluidic bioreactor technologies can more efficiently address the clinical need for large‐scale MSC production. Soft lithography and microfluidic design offer extreme geometric precision to study MSC function as well as defining the microenvironment for tissue engineering at the micron scale. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
[Parental experiences of distance schooling during the COVID-19 pandemic: Effects on children with and without mental health problems]. (2022)

Children with mental health problems seem more negatively affected by distance learning, especially when parents have problems themselves. These findings are in line with multiple recent studies and argue for minimizing distance learning.
Global Conformational Changes upon Receptor Stimulation in Photoactive Yellow Protein (1998)

Biological signal transduction starts with the activation of a receptor protein. Two central questions in signaling are the mechanism of activation by a stimulus and the nature and extent of the protein conformational changes involved. We report extensive evidence for the occurrence of large structural changes upon the light activation of photoactive yellow protein (PYP), a eubacterial photosensor. Absorption of a blue photon by the p-coumaric acid (pCA) chromophore in pG, the initial state of PYP, results in the formation of pB, a putative signaling state. In the presence of an adequate hydration shell, large structural changes in the protein backbone, involving both solvent accessible and core regions, were detected using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) difference spectroscopy. A significant part (23%) of the amide groups which are buried in pG become exposed to the solvent in pB, as measured through light-induced H/D exchange, using both electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and FTIR spectroscopy. Exposure of previously buried hydrophobic sites would lead to an increase in heat capacity during pB formation and a decrease in heat capacity during pB decay. Thermodynamic studies indeed show that the heat capacity change of pB activation is -2.35 +/- 0.08 kJ/(mol/K), independent of pH from pH 2.4-7.5. A model for photoactivation of PYP is proposed, which provides a framework for a deeper understanding of receptor activation in general.
Adsorption of Ambient Moisture by Silica Aerogel (2013)

Silica aerogel, an extremely low-density and high-surface-area material, is a vital component of many target designs for inertial confinement fusion and high-energy-density physics experiments. Silica aerogel utilized in targets is found in a variety of densities and configurations. Material properties must be well characterized to minimize uncertainties in experimental data. In particular, density must be accurately known to predict shock velocity and timing of diagnostics. One potentially problematic attribute of silica is its hygroscopic nature. Here we describe adsorption of ambient moisture by silica aerogel, based on its density and processing parameters. Quick and simple methods of characterizing water uptake are needed to provide confidence in aerogel components. We find that aerogel manufactured using supercritical methanol is much more stable toward moisture (and therefore more suitable for use in targets) than that produced using supercritical carbon dioxide. Aerogel materials were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
Robust Ultrathin (20-25 nm)Trilayer Dielectric Low k Cu Damascene Cap for Sub-30 nm Nanoelectric Devices (2012)

Robust ultrathin (20 nm) trilayer low k SiNx/SiNy/SiCNH dielectric Cu caps (k ~4.0-4.2) with post ultraviolet (UV) cure compressive stress were developed and integrated into 22nm CMOS Back End Of Line (BEOL) devices. The new cap reduces device's capacitance (~ 4 %) and enhances stress stability in Cu-Ultra low k structures
A method for optimizing and validating institution-specific flagging criteria for automated cell counters. (2010)

This method can be used to optimize thresholds for flag alerts on automated cell counters of any type and to improve the overall positive predictive value of the flagging system at the expense of a reduction in the negative predictive value. A reduced manual review rate helps to focus resources on differential white blood cell counts that are of clinical significance and may improve turnaround time.
Denoising the 3-Base Periodicity Walks of DNA Sequences in Gene Finding (2013)

A nonlinear Tracking-Differentiator is one-input-two-output system that can generate smooth approximation of measured signals and get the derivatives of the signals. The nonlinear tracking-Differentiator is explored to denoise and generate the derivatives of the walks of the 3-periodicity of DNA sequences. An improved algorithm for gene finding is presented using the nonlinear Tracking-Differentiator. The gene finding algorithm employs the 3-base periodicity of coding region. The 3-base periodicity DNA walks are denoised and tracked using the nonlinear Tracking-Differentiator. Case studies demonstrate that the nonlinear Tracking-Differentiator is an effective method to improve the accuracy of the gene finding algorithm.
Desulfovibrio vulgaris bacterioferritin uses H2O2 as a co-substrate for iron oxidation and reveals DPS-like DNA protection and binding activities (2012)

A gene encoding Bfr (bacterioferritin) was identified and isolated from the genome of Desulfovibrio vulgaris cells, and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. In vitro, H(2)O(2) oxidizes Fe(2+) ions at much higher reaction rates than O(2). The H(2)O(2) oxidation of two Fe(2+) ions was proven by Mössbauer spectroscopy of rapid freeze-quenched samples. On the basis of the Mössbauer parameters of the intermediate species we propose that D. vulgaris Bfr follows a mineralization mechanism similar to the one reported for vertebrate H-type ferritins subunits, in which a diferrous centre at the ferroxidase site is oxidized to diferric intermediate species, that are subsequently translocated into the inner nanocavity. D. vulgaris recombinant Bfr oxidizes and stores up to 600 iron atoms per protein. This Bfr is able to bind DNA and protect it against hydroxyl radical and DNase deleterious effects. The use of H(2)O(2) as an oxidant, combined with the DNA binding and protection activities, seems to indicate a DPS (DNA-binding protein from starved cells)-like role for D. vulgaris Bfr.
40 Gbit/s transmission over 202 km of standard fibreusing midspan spectral inversion (1995)

The authors demonstrate for the first time the transmission of a 4 × 10 Gbit/s OTDM data sequence over two unrepeatered links of 100 km of nondispersion shifted fibre. The experiment is enabled using midspan spectral inversion and electroabsorption modulator sources and demultiplexers, and results in a record bit-rate-distance product of 8.1 Tbit/s km for a single channel over standard fibre.