gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fate of Supplementary B-Vitamins in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Dairy Cows (2005)

Four lactating Holstein cows equipped with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas were used in 2 studies to evaluate the disappearance of supplementary B-vitamins before and from the small intestine. The cows were fed a total mixed ration with chromic oxide in 12 daily meals. Each study consisted of a control (no vitamin supplementation) and a treatment period (with vitamin supplementation). Amounts of vitamins (mg/d) supplemented in studies 1 and 2, respectively, were: thiamin: 300 and 10; riboflavin: 1600 and 2.0; niacin: 12,000 and 600; vitamin B6: 800 and 34; biotin: 20 and 0.02; folic acid: 2600 and 111; vitamin B12: 500 and 0.4. In study 1, vitamins were added to the feed 5 d before and during the 4-d collection period. In study 2, vitamins were infused postruminally 1 d before and during the 4-d collection period. Substantial disappearance before the duodenal cannula was noted in study 1 (67.8% thiamin, 99.3% riboflavin, 98.5% nicotinamide, 41.0% pyridoxine, 45.2% biotin, 97.0% folic acid, and 62.9% vitamin B12). Except for nicotinamide and folate, there was almost no disappearance of postruminally infused vitamins before the duodenal cannula (study 2), suggesting extensive ruminal destruction or use. Apparent intestinal absorption values differed greatly among vitamins, but the proportion of vitamins disappearing from the small intestine was not negatively influenced by supplementation. Except for riboflavin and niacin, absolute amounts disappearing from the small intestine were greater during the treatment than the control periods, suggesting that B-vitamin supply in dairy cows is increased by supplementation, although losses in the rumen are extensive.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Organic Crystals as Candidates for Frequency Up‐Converted Materials: Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two Troeger′s Bases (III). (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Photomultiplication type organic photodetectors based on electron tunneling injection (2019)

Photomultiplication (PM) type organic photodetectors (OPDs) based on electron tunneling injection are achieved with a specific structure of ITO/ZnO/PC<sub>71</sub>BM:P3HT (100 : 5, wt/wt)/Au and can work well under forward and reverse bias. A rather low dark current density of the PM type OPDs is obtained due to the large electron injection barrier of 0.7 eV from the ITO electrode or 1.1 eV from the Au electrode, as well as the absence of continuous hole transport channels in the active layers. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) spectral shape of PM type OPDs can be easily adjusted by altering the bias polarity and active layer thickness, which can be well explained by the trapped hole distribution near the ITO and Au electrodes, respectively. The PM type OPDs with 400 nm active layers exhibit the maximum EQE of 3900% and 4900% under 5 V and -5 V bias, respectively. This work firstly achieves PM type OPDs with electron-only transport properties, which has great potential to well match with other organic electronic devices.
Coenzyme Q 10 quantification in muscle, fibroblasts and cerebrospinal fluid by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry using a novel deuterated internal standard (2013)

Use of d6 -CoQ10 internal standard has enabled the development of a sensitive LC/MS/MS method to accurately determine total CoQ10 levels. Clinical applications of CSF CoQ10 determination include identification of patients with cerebral CoQ10 deficiency, and monitoring CSF CoQ10 levels following supplementation.
An investigation of the morphological and tensile properties of vacuum resin impregnated sugar palm fibers with various thermosetting resins (2019)

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) is a type of natural fiber that belongs to the Palmae family. It is versatile, readily available, and virtually the entire tree can be formed into many different products. This paper discusses the effect of vacuum resin impregnation on a single sugar palm fiber (SPF) using various thermosetting resins such as epoxy, vinyl ester (VE), and polyester (PE). The fibers were vacuum impregnated at a constant pressure of 600 mmHg for 5 min. The excessive resins were wiped off, and the impregnated fibers were cured in an oven for approximately 30 min at a temperature of 140 °C. Following this, the tensile properties of the single SPF impregnated with epoxy, VE, and PE were determined. The results indicated that impregnation of SPF with epoxy resin increased the tensile strength and modulus of SPF 50% and 59%, respectively. Scanning electron microscope images also illustrated that the epoxy resin offered better impregnation on the SPF compared to the other thermosetting resins. A suitable application for the impregnated SPF is as a roofing material.
Early Stall Warning Technique for Axial-Flow Compressors (2006)

This paper proposes a unique stall risk index based on pressure signals by high-response transducers on the casing wall at the rotor leading-edge location. The aim of the research is to explore the possibility of reducing current excessive stall margin requirement for compressor design based on the worst-case scenario. The index is generated by computing correlation degradation of pressure time histories of current and one revolution before over each blade pitch. Tests conducted on a single-stage low-speed compressor exhibits that the correlation diminishes significantly with proximity to stall, and the proposed technique might have the capability of generating a stall warning signal sufficiently in advance of spike inception. Extensive experiments on a research compressor show that the degree of the index degradation depends on various factors, such as flow coefficient, tip clearance, and rotor blade incidence. In order to obtain a reliable stall warning signal in practical use, these effects must be carefully examined.
On the Performance of Incremental Redundancy Hybrid ARQ Schemes with Rate Compatible LDPC Codes (2006)

Rate compatible LDPC codes with only one parity check matrix can be applicable to rate matching. An incremental redundancy hybrid ARQ scheme based on rate compatible LDPC codes is introduced. We studied the throughput of the new HARQ scheme. Furthermore, the throughput of the new HARQ scheme is simulated. It shows that for arbitrary block fading channel, comprising AWGN channel, the performance of IR_HARQ schemes based on RC-LDPC is same as those based on random LDPC. But the encoding and decoding of RC_LDPC is simpler, and the wider range changing of code rates of RC_LDPC can be obtained than those of random LDPC
Low pH Does Not Affect the Dose Response for 5′-Amino-5′-Deoxythymidine Modulation of IdUrd DNA Incorporation and Radiosensitization in a Human Bladder Cancer Cell Line (1992)

We report that coincubation of 647V cells for one cell cycle with low concentrations (30 microM) of 5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine increased IdUrd DNA incorporation and radiosensitivity at low extracellular pH (pHe 6.8) in a fashion similar to treatment at normal pHe. IdUrd DNA incorporation is inhibited by high (300 microM) 5'-AdThd concentrations at both normal and low pHe (7.4 and 6.8), resulting in no significant radiosensitization. These results at low pHe were not anticipated based on previously published studies of 5'-AdThd modulation of thymidine kinase (TK) activity and nucleoside cellular uptake. Our results suggest that regulation of intracellular pH (pHi) during the course of one cell cycle negates the 5'-AdThd dose-dependent modulation of TK activity demonstrated previously. Flow cytometric measurement of pHi in 647V cells showed that normal pHi (pH 7.4) was maintained in 647V cells over a 12- to 24-h exposure to low pHe (pH 6.8). Thus the concomitant use of IdUrd and high concentrations of 5'-AdThd (> 30 microM) is unlikely to result in selective in vivo radiosensitization of human tumors under conditions which are intermittently or chronically acidic. However, low concentrations of 5'-AdThd may prove to be an effective in vivo modulator of IdUrd radiosensitization of human tumors under both normal and acidic conditions.
Occlusion robust tracking utilizing spatio-temporal Markov random field model (2002)

It is very important to achieve reliable vehicle tracking in ITS application such as accident detection. The most difficult problem associated with vehicle tracking is the occlusion effect among vehicles. In order to resolve this problem, we applied the dedicated algorithm which we defined as spatio-temporal Markov random field model to traffic images at an intersection. The spatio-temporal MRF considers texture correlations between consecutive images as well as the correlation among neighbors within a image. As a result, we were able to track vehicles at the intersection robustly against occlusions. Vehicles appear in various kinds of shapes and they move in random manners at the intersection. Although occlusions occur in such complicated manners, the algorithm given was able to segment and track such occluded vehicles at a high success rate of 93-96%. The algorithm requires only gray scale images and does not assume any physical models of vehicles.
Chromosomal location of the genes for human immunoglobulin heavy chains. (1979)

We have studied somatic cell hybrids between P3x63Ag8 mouse myeloma cells deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8) and either human peripheral lymphocytes or human lymphoblastoid or myeloma cells for the production of human immunoglobulin chains and for the expression of enzyme markers assigned to each of the different human chromosomes. Human chromosome 14 was the only human chromosome present in all independent hybrids producing mu, gamma, and alpha human heavy chains. In two of the independent hybrids that produced human heavy chains, human chromosome 14 was the only human chromosome present in the hybrid cells. Loss of human chromosome 14 from these hybrids resulted in the concomitant loss of their ability to produce human immunoglobulin heavy chains. In view of these results, we conclude that the genes for human immunoglobulin heavy chains are located on human chromosome 14 in immunoglobulin-producing human cells.
BrachyView: Tomographic reconstruction using Timepix detectors in post-implant dosimetry checks for permanent prostate brachytherapy implants (2013)

Computed tomography imaging is a mandatory part of the permanent prostate brachytherapy procedure. It is used as a post-implant dosimetric check to evaluate the quality of the implant. It is proposed that by using a novel assembly of multiple high-resolution pixelated detectors Timepix, an in-body probe can be used as a multi-modality imaging device. Preliminary phantom studies of a PMMA prostate phantom with implanted dummy I-125 seeds (Oncura Model 6711) have shown a qualitative confirmation of three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction from limited angles and limited field of view based on iterative reconstruction algorithms.
Inherent limitations on disjoint-access parallel implementations of transactional memory (2009)

Transactional memory (TM) is a promising approach for designing concurrent data structures, and it is essential to develop better understanding of the formal properties that can be achieved by TM implementations. Two fundamental properties of TM implementations are disjoint-access parallelism, which is critical for their scalability, and the invisibility of read operations, which reduces memory contention.
Remarkable isomer-selective gelation of aromatic solvents by a polymorph of a urea-linked bile acid–amino acid conjugate (2014)

A urea-linked bile acid–amino acid conjugate was developed as a remarkable isomer-selective gelator for various disubstituted aromatic solvents. Polymorphism shown by the urea derivative was studied in detail which showed that only the amorphous polymorph acts as a gelator, but not the crystalline one.
The Duke of Wellington and the Peace Negotiations At Ghent in 1814 (1921)

I8I 4 T the beginning of 1814, four countries in Europe and America were waging three distinct wars.Great Britain and France had been continuously at war since May, 1808.In June, 1812, the United States had declared war on Great Britain because of her infringement of neutral rights, and from other motives.And during the same month, Napoleon had begun the invasion of Russia.In October, 18113, Napoleon was decisively defeated at the battle of Leipsic.In April, 1814, the Allies entered .Pads, Napoleon abdicated, and two out of the three wars came to an end.The third between Great Britain and the United States went on for another eight months, because Great Britain felt strong and angry and wanted revenge.The British policy of April, 1814, was "to give Jonathan a good drubbing ".•Such a policy was naturally popular in England.In June, 1812, the United States had declared war on Great Britain under the impression that Napoleon was winning.Madison admitted in later years that he had put his money on the wrong horse.To the Americans British maritime claims were offensive, British diplomacy irritating.Monroe had suffered much while minister in London.Clay, the champion of the West, was convinced that he could dictate the proper course to the overwise men of the East, with their commercial ideas.Madison followed the advice of Monroe and Clay, and hoped that by declaring war the United States would smash British pretensions and
Neuromorphic Memristive Chips: Design and Technology (2021)

Memristive neuromorphic chips exploit a prospective class of novel functional materials (memristors) to deploy a new architecture of spiking neural networks for developing basic blocks of brain-like systems. Memristor-based neuromorphic hardware solutions for multi-agent systems are considered as challenges in frontier areas of chip design for fast and energy-efficient computing. As functional materials, metal oxide thin films with resistive switching and memory effects (memristive structures) are recognized as a potential elemental base for new components of neuromorphic engineering, enabling a combination of both data storage and processing in a single unit. A key design issue in this case is a hardware defined functionality of neural networks. The gradient change of resistive properties of memristive elements and its non-volatile memory behavior ensure the possibility of spiking neural network organization with unsupervised learning through hardware implementation of basic synaptic mechanisms, such as Hebb's learning rules including spike — timing dependent plasticity, long-term potentiation and depression. This paper provides an overview of scientific researches carrying out at Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI" since 2014 in the field of novel electronic components for neuromorphic hardware solutions of brain-like chip design. Among the most promising concepts developed by ETU "LETI" are: the design of metal-insulator-metal structures exhibiting multilevel resistive switching (gradient tuning of resistive properties and bipolar resistive switching are combined together in a sin¬gle memristive element) for further use as artificial synaptic devices in neuromorphic chips; computing schemes for spatio-temporal pattern recognition based on spiking neural network architecture implementation; breadboard models of analogue circuits of hardware implementation of neuromorphic blocks for brain-like system developing.
International Symposium on Halide Glasses (2nd) (Extended Abstracts). (1983)

Abstract : This document is the Extended Abstracts of the 2nd International Symposium on Halide Glasses held at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, August 2-5, 1983. It contains extended abstracts of 60 papers on optical, thermal, electrical and mechanical properties of halide glasses and on their potential applications. Symposium; halide glass; fluoride glass; iodide glass.
Blue Light Induces Degradation of the Negative Regulator Phytochrome Interacting Factor 1 to Promote Photomorphogenic Development of Arabidopsis Seedlings (2009)

Phytochrome interacting factors (PIFs) are nuclear basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors that negatively regulate photomorphogenesis both in the dark and in the light in Arabidopsis. The phytochrome (phy) family of photoreceptors induces the rapid phosphorylation and degradation of PIFs in response to both red and far-red light conditions to promote photomorphogenesis. Although phys have been shown to function under blue light conditions, the roles of PIFs under blue light have not been investigated in detail. Here we show that PIF1 negatively regulates photomorphogenesis at the seedling stage under blue light conditions. pif1 seedlings displayed more open cotyledons and slightly reduced hypocotyl length compared to wild type under diurnal (12 hr light/12 hr dark) blue light conditions. Double-mutant analyses demonstrated that pif1phyA, pif1phyB, pif1cry1, and pif1cry2 have enhanced cotyledon opening compared to the single photoreceptor mutants under diurnal blue light conditions. Blue light induced the rapid phosphorylation, polyubiquitination, and degradation of PIF1 through the ubi/26S proteasomal pathway. PIF1 interacted with phyA and phyB in a blue light-dependent manner, and the interactions with phys are necessary for the blue light-induced degradation of PIF1. phyA played a dominant role under pulses of blue light, while phyA, phyB, and phyD induced the degradation of PIF1 in an additive manner under prolonged continuous blue light conditions. Interestingly, the absence of cry1 and cry2 enhanced the degradation of PIF1 under blue light conditions. Taken together, these data suggest that PIF1 functions as a negative regulator of photomorphogenesis under blue light conditions and that blue light-activated phys induce the degradation of PIF1 through the ubi/26S proteasomal pathway to promote photomorphogenesis.
Supplementary Figures references from 3D Collagen Vascular Tumor-on-a-Chip Mimetics for Dynamic Combinatorial Drug Screening (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary references&lt;/p&gt;
Figure S5 from IGF1R Inhibition Enhances the Therapeutic Effects of G<sub>q/11</sub> Inhibition in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S5: Quantification of 92.1 cell western blots from Fig. 7. Bands were normalized to GAPDH quantification. Error bars represent the mean + SEM from 3 independent experiments. P &lt; 0.05 (*), P &lt; 0.005 (**), P &lt; 0.0005 (***), P &lt; 0.0001 (****), Two-way ANOVA.&lt;/p&gt;
Development of Modelling Methods for Materials to be Used as Bone Substitutes (2007)

The demand in the medical industry for load bearing materials is ever increasing. The techniques currently used for the manufacture of such materials are not optimized in terms of porosity and mechanical strength. This study adopts a microstructural shape design approach to the production of open porous materials, which utilizes spatial periodicity as a simple way to generate the models. A set of triply periodic surfaces expressed via trigonometric functions in the implicit form are presented. A geometric description of the topology of the microstructure is necessary when macroscopic properties such as mechanical strength, stiffness and isotropy are required to be optimised for a given value of volume fraction. A distinction between the families of structures produced is made on the basis of topology. The models generated have been used successfully to manufacture both a range of structures with different volume fractions of pores and samples of functional gradient material using rapid prototyping.
Catalytic–adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of ultratrace levels of molybdenum in the presence of organic hydroxy acids (1992)

The adsorptive collection of the molybdenum complex with 3-methoxy-4-Hydroxymandelic acid was coupled with the catalytic current of the adsorbed complex to yield an ultrasensitive voltammetric procedure for measuring picomolar levels of molybdenum. Optimum solution conditions (particularly the solution composition) were established to give a detection limit of 4 ng dm–3(4 × 10–11 mol dm–1) of molybdenum (following a 2 min preconcentration). The relative standard deviation (at 0.5 µg dm–3) was 3.7%. Possible interferences were investigated and the applicability to assays of tap water is illustrated. Such coupling of catalytic and adsorptive collection processes holds great promise for the development of ultratrace voltammetric procedures for other analytes.
Data from Integrated Genome-Wide DNA Copy Number and Expression Analysis Identifies Distinct Mechanisms of Primary Chemoresistance in Ovarian Carcinomas (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; A significant number of women with serous ovarian cancer are intrinsically refractory to platinum-based treatment. We analyzed somatic DNA copy number variation and gene expression data to identify key mechanisms associated with primary resistance in advanced-stage serous cancers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Genome-wide copy number variation was measured in 118 ovarian tumors using high-resolution oligonucleotide microarrays. A well-defined subset of 85 advanced-stage serous tumors was then used to relate copy number variation to primary resistance to treatment. The discovery-based approach was complemented by quantitative-PCR copy number analysis of 12 candidate genes as independent validation of previously reported associations with clinical outcome. Likely copy number variation targets and tumor molecular subtypes were further characterized by gene expression profiling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Amplification of 19q12, containing cyclin E (&lt;i&gt;CCNE1&lt;/i&gt;), and 20q11.22-q13.12, mapping immediately adjacent to the steroid receptor coactivator &lt;i&gt;NCOA3&lt;/i&gt;, was significantly associated with poor response to primary treatment. Other genes previously associated with copy number variation and clinical outcome in ovarian cancer were not associated with primary treatment resistance. Chemoresistant tumors with high &lt;i&gt;CCNE1&lt;/i&gt; copy number and protein expression were associated with increased cellular proliferation but so too was a subset of treatment-responsive patients, suggesting a cell-cycle independent role for &lt;i&gt;CCNE1&lt;/i&gt; in modulating chemoresponse. Patients with a poor clinical outcome without &lt;i&gt;CCNE1&lt;/i&gt; amplification overexpressed genes involved in extracellular matrix deposition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; We have identified two distinct mechanisms of primary treatment failure in serous ovarian cancer, involving &lt;i&gt;CCNE1&lt;/i&gt; amplification and enhanced extracellular matrix deposition. &lt;i&gt;CCNE1&lt;/i&gt; copy number is validated as a dominant marker of patient outcome in ovarian cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Arc carving: obtaining accurate, low latency maps from ultrasonic range sensors (2004)

In this paper we present a new technique for improving the azimuth resolution of ultrasonic range sensors frequently used with mobile robots. This improvement is achieved without a significant increase in the latency, or processing delay, of the system. Our approach decreases the azimuth uncertainty of a sensor reading by eliminating portions of the reading that are contradicted by subsequent readings. Our idea bears resemblance to space carving as used by the vision community, where a ray of light is used to define the boundaries of an obstacle. A sonar model similar to that commonly utilized by occupancy grids is used. Our method, termed arc carving, can be used to produce maps that are both accurate and with low enough latency for robust mobile robot navigation. Experimental results verify this approach over spaces as large as 5000 square meters.