gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PML induces compaction, TRF2 depletion and DNA damage signaling at telomeres and promotes their alternative lengthening (2015)

The alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism allows cancer cells to escape senescence and apoptosis in the absence of active telomerase. A characteristic feature of this pathway is the assembly of ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies (APBs) at telomeres. Here, we dissected the role of APBs in a human ALT cell line by performing an RNA interference screen using an automated 3D fluorescence microscopy platform and advanced 3D image analysis. We identified 29 proteins that affected APB formation, which included proteins involved in telomere and chromatin organization, protein sumoylation and DNA repair. By integrating and extending these findings, we found that APB formation induced clustering of telomere repeats, telomere compaction and concomitant depletion of the shelterin protein TRF2 (also known as TERF2). These APB-dependent changes correlated with the induction of a DNA damage response at telomeres in APBs as evident by a strong enrichment of the phosphorylated form of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase. Accordingly, we propose that APBs promote telomere maintenance by inducing a DNA damage response in ALT-positive tumor cells through changing the telomeric chromatin state to trigger ATM phosphorylation.
Application of Real-Time 3D Navigation System in CT-Guided Percutaneous Interventional Procedures: A Feasibility Study (2017)

A 3D navigation system can be performed along the existing workflow and has the potential to navigate precision needle placement in CT-guided interventional procedures.
Putting beauty back in the eye of the beholder. (2002)

W F OUR magazines and television screens are filled with images of ‘attractive’ people, and it is obvious that both women and men are highly concerned with good looks in a partner. But exactly what is it that makes a face beautiful? What makes people seek out and desire to mate with the owners of beautiful faces? It is difficult to verbalise what differentiates average from good-looking individuals, and in modern times there is a pervasive view that attractiveness simply cannot be defined. Common phrases such as ‘beauty is in the eye of the beholder’ and ‘beauty is only skin deep’ are testaments to our belief that attractiveness is ephemeral. For example, the philosopher David Hume is often quoted for making the argument that beauty ‘is no quality in things themselves: it exists merely in the mind which contemplates them; and each mind contemplates a different beauty’ (Hume, 1757, p.208–209). But something in this politically correct view of beauty just does not ring true. Admittedly the latest big movie star is not everyone’s favourite pin-up; but it is undeniable that on average Hollywood stars are generally more attractive than the people we meet in the street. You may disagree over your best friend’s choice of partner but there are countless individuals that you and your friend could agree were more or less attractive than the particular partner.
Proteolytic Cleavage of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase μ Regulates Glioblastoma Cell Migration (2009)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common malignant primary brain tumor, represents a significant disease burden. GBM tumor cells disperse extensively throughout the brain parenchyma, and the need for tumor-specific drug targets and pharmacologic agents to inhibit cell migration and dispersal is great. The receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase mu (PTPmu) is a homophilic cell adhesion molecule. The full-length form of PTPmu is down-regulated in human glioblastoma. In this article, overexpression of full-length PTPmu is shown to suppress migration and survival of glioblastoma cells. Additionally, proteolytic cleavage is shown to be the mechanism of PTPmu down-regulation in glioblastoma cells. Proteolysis of PTPmu generates a series of proteolytic fragments, including a soluble catalytic intracellular domain fragment that translocates to the nucleus. Only proteolyzed PTPmu fragments are detected in human glioblastomas. Short hairpin RNA-mediated down-regulation of PTPmu fragments decreases glioblastoma cell migration and survival. A peptide inhibitor of PTPmu function blocks fragment-induced glioblastoma cell migration, which may prove to be of therapeutic value in GBM treatment. These data suggest that loss of cell surface PTPmu by proteolysis generates catalytically active PTPmu fragments that contribute to migration and survival of glioblastoma cells.
Hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (2016)

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an alkalinizing lysosomatropic drug that accumulates in lysosomes where it inhibits some important functions by increasing the pH. HCQ has proved to be effective in a number of autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Areas covered: In this review the mechanisms of action, the efficacy, and the safety of HCQ in the management of patients with SLE have been reviewed. HCQ may reduce the risk of flares, allow the reduction of the dosage of steroids, reduce organ damage, and prevent the thrombotic effects of anti-phospholipid antibodies. The drug is generally safe and may be prescribed to pregnant women. However, some cautions are needed to prevent retinopathy, a rare but serious complication of the prolonged use of HCQ. Expert opinion: HCQ may offer several advantages not only in patients with mild SLE but can also exert important beneficial effects in lupus patients with organ involvement and in pregnant women. The drug has a low cost and few side effects. These characteristics should encourage a larger use of HCQ, also in lupus patients with organ involvement.
Synthesis of Compositional Animations from Textual Descriptions (2021)

"How can we animate 3D-characters from a movie script or move robots by simply telling them what we would like them to do?" "How unstructured and complex can we make a sentence and still generate plausible movements from it?" These are questions that need to be answered in the long-run, as the field is still in its infancy. Inspired by these problems, we present a new technique for generating compositional actions, which handles complex input sentences. Our output is a 3D pose sequence depicting the actions in the input sentence. We propose a hierarchical two-stream sequential model to explore a finer joint-level mapping between natural language sentences and 3D pose sequences corresponding to the given motion. We learn two manifold representations of the motion -- one each for the upper body and the lower body movements. Our model can generate plausible pose sequences for short sentences describing single actions as well as long compositional sentences describing multiple sequential and superimposed actions. We evaluate our proposed model on the publicly available KIT Motion-Language Dataset containing 3D pose data with human-annotated sentences. Experimental results show that our model advances the state-of-the-art on text-based motion synthesis in objective evaluations by a margin of 50%. Qualitative evaluations based on a user study indicate that our synthesized motions are perceived to be the closest to the ground-truth motion captures for both short and compositional sentences.
What Is Not in the Bag of Words for Why-QA? (2010)

While developing an approach to why-QA, we extended a passage retrieval system that uses off-the-shelf retrieval technology with a re-ranking step incorporating structural information. We get significantly higher scores in terms of MRR@150 (from 0.25 to 0.34) and success@10. The 23% improvement that we reach in terms of MRR is comparable to the improvement reached on different QA tasks by other researchers in the field, although our re-ranking approach is based on relatively lightweight overlap measures incorporating syntactic constituents, cue words, and document structure.
Identification of a mimotope for circulating anti-cytokeratin 8/18 antibody and its usage for the diagnosis of breast cancer (2012)

A novel circulating tumor-associated autoantibody, K94, obtained from a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mouse model was characterized. The target antigen of K94 autoantibody was expressed in various tumor cell lines including liver cancer, and its secretion was detectable using MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Proteomic analysis revealed that the protein bands reactive to K94 included cytokeratin (CK) 8 and 18, which are known to be related to tumorigenesis and form a heterotypic complex with each other. However, K94 showed no activity toward CK8 or CK18 separately. The epitope of the K94 antibody was only presented by a complex between CK8 and CK18, which was confirmed by analysis using recombinant CK8 and CK18 proteins. To formulate an assay for anti-CK8/18 complex autoantibody, a mimotope peptide reactive to K94 was selected from loop-constrained heptapeptide (-CX7C-) display phage library, of which sequence was CISPDAHSC (K94p1). A mimotope enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using phage-displayed K94p1 peptide as a coating antigen was able to discriminate breast cancer (n=30) patients from normal subjects (n=30) with a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 82.61%. CA15.3 was detected at very low levels in the same breast cancer subjects and did not discriminate breast cancer patients from normal subjects, although it is a conventional biomarker of breast cancer. These results suggest that a mimotope ELISA composed of K94p1 peptide may be useful for the diagnosis of breast cancer.
Clinical assessment of tumour size in primary breast carcinoma. (1984)

In a consecutive series of 100 operable breast carcinomas clinical and mammographic assessment of tumour size each resulted in only 75% being placed in the correct T category when compared to the actual tumour size. In a further 50 breast carcinomas it was shown that an accurate assessment of actual tumour size could be obtained by subtracting the thickness of the skin, fat and subcutaneous tissue in the corresponding area in the contralateral breast from the clinical measurement obtained using calipers (adjusted clinical size). The T category using this method was correct in 49 out of the 50, significantly better than clinical measurement or mammographic assessment of tumour size (p less than 0.003 McNemar's Test). Analysis of the regression lines obtained comparing clinical measurement, mammographic assessment and adjusted clinical size with actual tumour size showed that: clinical measurement overestimated actual tumour size by 0.5 to 1 cm; mammographic assessment overestimated small tumour and underestimated larger ones, whereas the adjusted clinical size never differed by more than a fraction of a centimeter from the actual size. This new method of assessment of tumour size allows accurate pre-operative selection of patients into appropriate treatment options.
Composite polymer electrolyte membranes comprising P(VDF‐co‐CTFE)‐g‐PSSA graft copolymer and zeolite for fuel cell applications (2009)

Abstract Hybrid organic/inorganic composite polymer electrolyte membranes based on a poly(vinylidene fluoride‐ co ‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) grafted membrane and varying concentrations of zeolite were investigated for application in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). A proton conducting comb copolymer consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐ co ‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) backbone and poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSA) side chains, i.e. P(VDF‐ co ‐CTFE)‐ g ‐PSSA (graft copolymer) with 47 wt% of PSSA was synthesized using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and solution blended with zeolite. Upon incorporation of zeolite, the symmetric stretching band of both SO group (1169 cm −1 ) and the OH group (3426 cm −1 ) shifted to lower wavenumbers. The shift in these FT‐IR spectra suggests that the zeolite particles strongly interact with the sulfonic acid groups of PSSA chains. When the weight percent of zeolite 5A is above 7%, the proton conductivity at room temperature was reduced to 0.011 S/cm. The water uptake of the composite membranes decreased from 234 to 125% with an increase of the zeolite 5A weight percent to 10 wt%. The decrease in water uptake is likely a result of the decrease in the number of available water absorption sites because of the hydrogen bonding interactions between the zeolite particles and the graft copolymer matrix. This behavior is successfully investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) also showed that all the membranes were stable up to 300°C. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Magnetic field sensor by giant magneto-impedance (2003)

Following the demands of industrial and automotive electronics, a direction sensitive micro-magnetic field sensor is developed using the giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect in a 30 /spl mu/m diameter amorphous FeCoSiBNd wire. Consisting of a micro-sized zero-magnetostrictive amorphous wire of about 70 /spl mu/m length, the GMI sensor was connected to a self oscillating Colpitts oscillator circuit by laser welding. It shows a high sensitivity with a resolution of 100 nT for dc fields, quick response, and a high temperature stability. Reproducible measurements of a surface-flux distribution of mechanically 100 /spl mu/m structured magnetic barcodes were carried out. Finally, the outline of a surface acoustic wave device with GMI effect is discussed.
Mechanical response to functional and therapeutic loading of a retromolar endosseous implant used for orthodontic anchorage to mesially translate mandibular molars (1995)

Three finite element models were created to investigate the potential of rigid osseous fixation (osseointegration) for orthodontic anchorage: a mandible without an implant; a mandible with an implant; and a mandible and implant with a superimposed orthodontic load. Force was applied to different locations and the stresses were computed. The mechanical stress distributions adjacent to the implant were not affected by different biting forces, hence only one case needed to be analyzed. The stresses adjacent to the bone-implant interface changed drastically due to implantation, with major changes occurring on the buccal and mesiobuccal sides. A strong, concordant gradient for intraosseous stress and bone remodeling rate was observed that reflects a mismatch in the moduli of elasticity between the implant and the supporting bone. These results suggest important clinical implications. Osseointegration of symmetrically threaded titanium implants appears to be maintained by a sustained elevation of the mechanical stresses that continuously stimulate the bone remodeling activity within 1 mm of the implant surface. It is unlikely that a rigidly fixed (osseointegrated) implant will lose integration due to an orthodontic load superimposed on normal function. (Implant Dent 1995;4:246–258)
Disturbance observer based robust finite control set predictive torque control for induction motor systems (2016)

A disturbance observer (DOB) based finite control set predictive torque control (PTC) scheme for induction motors subject to lumped disturbances is proposed in this paper. To control an induction motor using the inverter switching character directly, the finite control set predictive torque control (PTC) method is studied which evaluates the electromagnetic torque and stator fiux in the object function. The optimized switching vector is choosed to control the insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), it also can minimize the error between reference signals and predicted values. Similar to direct torque control (DTC), PTC method does not need a modulator and an internal current PI controller, but the speed loop also adopts the PI controller. For improving the disturbance reject ability and simplifying the PTC control structure, this work introduces a novel PTC method based on DOB technique which does not need the PI speed controller.
Topical Tocoretinate Improved Hypertrophic Scar, Skin Sclerosis in Systemic Sclerosis and Morphea (1999)

Four patients with systemic scleroderma (SSc), 4 patients with morphea, and 4 patients with hypertrophic scar were treated with topical tocoretinate for 6 months to 3 years and studied clinically and histopathologically. Clinically, all of the lesions responded to this therapy. The stiffness of the skin lesions, glossy appearance of the lesions, and telangiectasia improved. Histopathologically, the proliferated collagen fibers decreased in thickness, and the inter-fiber spaces increased. Immunoreactive tenascin-C expressed in the proliferated deep dermal fibers of the SSc and hypertrophic scar lesions was markedly decreased compared with the level before the topical tocoretinate therapy. Topical tocoretinate has been used for the treatment of ulcers; it is also a potent treatment for sclerotic skin diseases.
Ergänzende Verfahren in der Aknetherapie – Aktualisierung 2010 (2010)

Modern acne therapy is based on the application of anticomedogenic, antimicrobial, or antiinflammatory substances, and antiandrogens. Additionally, traditional or newly developed therapeutic approaches may be considered, including pharmacologic (dapsone, zinc) and physical measures (phototherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser, comedone extraction, abrasives). This article reviews such adjunctive therapies with regard to efficacy and their roles in the therapy of acne.
ChemInform Abstract: Remote Functionalization of (‐)‐Menthol ‐ Synthesis of 4a,5,6,7,8,8a‐ Hexahydro‐4H‐benzo(1,3)oxazine Derivatives with the Selectfluor Reagent F‐TEDA‐BF4. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[A case of isolated tricuspid valve endocarditis caused by Campylobacter fetus]. (1997)

We reported a rare case of isolated tricuspid valve endocarditis in a non-addict with no underlying cardiac disease. A 48-year-old man was presented with high fever and newly developed leg edema. The diagnosis of tricuspid endocarditis was established following detection of a large vegetation (3.0 cm) on the tricuspid valve on echocardiography. One blood culture showed positive for Campylobacter fetus. At operation, a large and a small vegetation were found attached to the anterior leaflet of the tricuspid valve, and the septal leaflet was also found to be involved by the infective endocarditis. These leaflets were therefore removed and the tricuspid valve was replaced with CarboMedics valve. He has remained free of endocarditis for nineteen months after surgery.
A New Approach to Scalable ROIA in Cloud (2013)

Real-time online interactive application (ROIA) is an emerging distributed application in recent years. Scalability is a hot and key issue in ROIA. We are motivated by the facts that the number of concurrent users around the world is widely and periodically fluctuant and requirements for network latency in various ROIA are different. So we propose the Multi-ROIA Cloud Platform (MRCP), a new approach to achieve high scalability in ROIA under Cloud environment. In this paper, we firstly make a classification of the traditional approach to scalability in ROIA and compare their merits and disadvantages. And then we propose MRCP, explain the motivation and describe the architecture and balance strategy of MRCP.
Reconfigurable sigma delta ADC architecture for area efficient calibration (2015)

CMOS technology has seen a trend of scaling. Digital and RF circuits benefit from this scaling as it results in reduced area and higher operating frequencies. Analog circuits, in many cases, suffer from this scaling. Designing precision analog circuits becomes increasingly difficult as CMOS technology scales. As a result, classically established design approaches do not work satisfactorily. Creative circuit design techniques have to be applied to build precision analog blocks. This time consuming process often results in the circuit being over-designed to meet process, voltage and temperature (PVT) corners. This wastes resources and, in many cases, results in sub-optimal performance. Calibration can increase the effective analog precision at the cost of slightly increased digital complexity. Calibration thus acts as a safety net for more ambitious designs while keeping the design time practical.&lt;br/&gt;\tCalibration requires the designed circuit to incorporate some form of redundancy in its architecture. This redundancy depends on the quantity being calibrated. The cut-off frequency of a filter defined by its RC time constant may require tuning to compensate for the effects of component variation. This is accomplished by using extra resistors and/or capacitors and switching them in as required. This form of redundancy uses extra passive components. An amplifier whose gain is defined by its bias current may require redundancy in the form of extra current sources to tune away variations in the bias current. &lt;br/&gt;Continuous time sigma delta modulators (CT-SDMs) have successfully met the industry demands for high resolution using relatively simple circuits. However, an upper bound on that resolution is imposed by various non-idealities that CT-SDMs suffer from. Calibrating CT-SDMs also requires redundancy in its structure. However, redundancy costs area and power. This work aims to investigate various system level and circuit level techniques of implementing redundancy while keeping the area and power tradeoff to a minimum.&lt;br/&gt;In order to minimize the area cost for implementing redundancy, a new feedback DAC circuit is proposed. This new circuit implements a programmable gain using a programmable time reference. This programmability facilitates the use of the multiple feedback sigma delta modulator architecture. Using this structure the loop coefficients can be programmed by simply programming the time reference. This results in a compact architecture which is also power efficient.&lt;br/&gt;