gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of active oxygen scavengers on protein degradation and photochemical function in photosystem I submembrane fractions during light stress (2005)

The protective role of reactive oxygen scavengers against photodamage was studied in isolated photosystem (PS) I submembrane fractions illuminated (2000 microE x m(-2) x s(-1)) for various periods at 4 degrees C. The photochemical activity of the submembrane fractions measured as P700 photooxidation was significantly protected in the presence of histidine or n-propyl gallate. Chlorophyll photobleaching resulting in a decrease of absorbance and fluorescence, and a blue-shift of both absorbance and fluorescence maximum in the red region, was also greatly delayed in the presence of these scavengers. Western blot analysis revealed the light harvesting antenna complexes of PSI, Lhca2 and Lhca1, were more susceptible to strong light when compared to Lhca3 and Lhca4. The reaction-center proteins PsaB, PsaC, and PsaE were most sensitive to strong illumination while other polypeptides were less affected. Addition of histidine or n-propyl gallate lead to significant protection of reaction-center proteins as well as Lhca against strong illumination. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra revealed that the alpha-helix content decreased with increasing period of light exposure, whereas beta-strands, turns, and unordered structure increased. This unfolding was prevented with the addition of histidine or n-propyl gallate even after 10 h of strong illumination. Catalase or superoxide dismutase could not minimize the alteration of PSI photochemical activity and structure due to photodamage. The specific action of histidine and n-propyl gallate indicates that 1O2 was the main form of reactive oxygen species responsible for strong light-induced damage in PSI submembrane fractions.
Acid Tunneling Technology: Application Potential in Timan-Pechora Carbonates (2010)

Abstract Petroleum industry needs low-cost and efficient hydrocarbon production enhancement techniques. Oil and gas reserves production need to be economic; therefore high-technology stimulation methods should be used. The considerable part of hydrocarbon world reserves is associated with carbonate reservoirs. To enhance production in carbonate reservoirs, the conventional and special techniques are applied. Sidetracking includes heavy expenses in both money and time, since it requires rig installation and drilling crew gathering. The carbonate natural property of dissolution with acid is used in acidizing and acid fracs. Acid treatment is inefficient in thick reservoirs, thus the treatment design becomes quite complex to achieve efficient acid placement. The acid frac efficiency in carbonate reservoirs is controlled by matrix to fracture porosity ratio, whereas acid fracs in fractured reservoir with zero matrix porosity will be unefficient. This paper describes the possibility to apply a relatively new enhancement technique – acid-tunneling – in Timan- Pechora oil province carbonate reservoirs in Russia. In this paper the evaluation methods of vertical and multilateral well potential are specified; the productivity ratios of various multilateral well designs in dual porosity reservoirs vs. permeability anisotropy are shown; the pseudoradial skin- factor calculation procedures of multilateral well are described. The well candidate technologic and economic selection criteria are also considered. As a result, the matrix of production enhancement technology application in Timan-Pechora oil and gas province has been developed.
Identification of macrophage liver X receptors as inhibitors of atherosclerosis (2002)

Recent studies have identified the liver X receptors (LXR alpha and LXR beta) as important regulators of cholesterol metabolism and transport. LXRs control transcription of genes critical to a range of biological functions including regulation of high density lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism, hepatic cholesterol catabolism, and intestinal sterol absorption. Although LXR activity has been proposed to be critical for physiologic lipid metabolism and transport, direct evidence linking LXR signaling pathways to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease has yet to be established. In this study bone marrow transplantations were used to selectively eliminate macrophage LXR expression in the context of murine models of atherosclerosis. Our results demonstrate that LXRs are endogenous inhibitors of atherogenesis. Additionally, elimination of LXR activity in bone marrow-derived cells mimics many aspects of Tangier disease, a human high density lipoprotein deficiency, including aberrant regulation of cholesterol transporter expression, lipid accumulation in macrophages, splenomegaly, and increased atherosclerosis. These results identify LXRs as targets for intervention in cardiovascular disease.
Microengineering of Optical Properties of GeO2 Glass by Ultrafast Laser Nanostructuring (2017)

Abstract Nanostructuring in glass by ultrafast laser paves the way for integrated optics. In this paper, form birefringence induced by ultrafast laser direct writing in GeO 2 glass is systematically investigated. It is shown that the pulse energy for maximum retardance in GeO 2 glass is ≈65% lower than in fused silica. The induced retardance by laser scanning is two times higher than that by stationary irradiation under the same processing conditions. The optimum pulse duration for maximum retardance in GeO 2 glass lies within sub‐picosecond region, i.e., typically around 500 fs, while in fused silica it is in the picosecond regime at around 1–2 ps. A reversed polarization dependence of retardance at low pulse densities and low pulse repetition rates is observed in GeO 2 glass. As a result, two optical applications including a radial polarization vortex converter and a computer‐generated hologram are demonstrated in GeO 2 glass by spatial manipulation of the optical axis of the locally induced form birefringence. The microengineering of optical properties of GeO 2 glass by ultrafast laser direct writing may lead to new applications in near‐/mid‐infrared optics.
Cyclic Enkephalin Analogues with Exceptional Potency and Selectivity for δ-Opioid Receptors (1997)

Superpotent and highly delta-opioid receptor selective cyclic peptides of the general formula H-Tyr-c[D-Pen-Gly-Phe(p-X)-Pen]-Phe-OH (where X = hydrogen or halogen) have been synthesized. In the binding assays the most selective and most potent compound is the p-bromophenyl-alanine-4 analogue (IC50 value = 0.19 nM, selectivity ratio = 21,000 for delta vs mu). In the GPI and MVD bioassays the most selective and most potent analogue is the p-fluoro-substituted analogue Tyr-[D-Pen-Gly-Phe(p-F)-Pen]-Phe-OH. In the MVD assay it has an exceptionally low IC50 value of 0.016 nM and a delta vs mu selectivity ratio of 45,000.
Euro Trough Collector Qualification Complete - Performance Test Results from PSA (2003)

The EUROTROUGH solar concentrating parabolic trough collector has been developed by a consortium from industry and research during the last years. The EU-funded R&D work has been finished successfully and project results are available for project developers. The collector is line-focussing, with glass reflector and metal support structure in industrial design. The weight of the improved framework metal structure has been reduced to 18.5 kg/m2 including drive. The length of the collector has been extended by 50% to 150 m. The thermal tests were performed with the improved UVAC absorber tube. The significant increase in absorber tube properties showed up in the test results. The paper presents characteristics of the EUROTROUGH collector types, specific results obtained from the PSA-prototype in the project, and results of the thermal tests and optical analysis.
Preface (2009)

‘<sc>The</sc> <sc>American’</sc>, which I had begun in Paris early in the winter of 1875–76, made its first appearance in ‘The Atlantic Monthly’ in June of the latter year and continued there, from month to month, till May of the next. It started on...
Carbon‐13 and nitrogen‐15 nuclear magnetic resonance of physostigmine (eserine) (1977)

Abstract The 15 N and 13 C nmr spectra of physostigmine are discussed along with complete assignment of the signals. This alkaloid 15 N nmr spectrum is notable because it contains nitrogens in three different environments.
JAK3 Is Expressed in the Nucleus of Malignant T Cells in Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) (2021)

Perturbation in JAK-STAT signaling has been reported in the pathogenesis of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). JAK3 is predominantly associated with the intra-cytoplasmic part of IL-2Rγc located in the plasma membrane of hematopoietic cells. Here we demonstrate that JAK3 is also ectopically expressed in the nucleus of malignant T cells. We detected nuclear JAK3 in various CTCL cell lines and primary malignant T cells from patients with Sézary syndrome, a leukemic variant of CTCL. Nuclear localization of JAK3 was independent of its kinase activity whereas STAT3 had a modest effect on nuclear JAK3 expression. Moreover, JAK3 nuclear localization was only weakly affected by blockage of nuclear export. An inhibitor of the nuclear export protein CRM1, Leptomycin B, induced an increased expression of SOCS3 in the nucleus, but only a weak increase in nuclear JAK3. Importantly, immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that JAK3 interacts with the nuclear protein POLR2A, the catalytic subunit of RNA Polymerase II. Kinase assays showed tyrosine phosphorylation of recombinant human Histone H3 by JAK3 in vitro-an effect which was blocked by the JAK inhibitor (Tofacitinib citrate). In conclusion, we provide the first evidence of nuclear localization of JAK3 in malignant T cells. Our findings suggest that JAK3 may have a cytokine-receptor independent function in the nucleus of malignant T cells, and thus a novel non-canonical role in CTCL.
Effects of naloxone on glucose homeostasis during insulin-induced hypoglycemia (1989)

The present study was designed to examine the role played by beta-endorphin in the physiological response to the stress of insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Three groups (n = 5, each) of conscious overnight-fasted dogs, chronically fitted with catheters in the femoral artery and in the third ventricle were used for these studies. Each experiment consisted of an 80-min equilibration period (0-80 min), a 40-min basal period (80-120 min), and a 180-min (120-300 min) experimental period. One group received a 220-min intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of naloxone (0.2 mg/h) beginning at t = 80 min. The second group received a 3-h intravenous infusion of insulin at 5.0 mU.kg-1.min-1 beginning at t = 120 min. The third group received naloxone at t = 80 min and insulin beginning at t = 120 min, and both were continued throughout the experimental period. The studies show that insulin-induced hypoglycemia was associated with a rise in plasma cortisol, beta-endorphin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and glucagon. Pretreatment with naloxone diminished the rises in plasma beta-endorphin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine without affecting the responses of plasma glucagon and cortisol. Although the levels of hypoglycemia achieved in the two groups were identical, glucose rates of appearance into and disappearance from the plasma compartment were higher in the group pretreated with icv naloxone (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Registration of Multi-Sensor Bathymetric Point Clouds in Rural Areas Using Point-to-Grid Distances (2019)

This article proposes a method for registration of two different point clouds with different point densities and noise recorded by airborne sensors in rural areas. In particular, multi-sensor point clouds with different point densities are considered. The proposed method is marker-less and uses segmented ground areas for registration.Therefore, the proposed approach offers the possibility to fuse point clouds of different sensors in rural areas within an accuracy of fine registration. In general, such registration is solved with extensive use of control points. The source point cloud is used to calculate a DEM of the ground which is further used to calculate point to raster distances of all points of the target point cloud. Furthermore, each cell of the raster DEM gets a height variance, further addressed as reconstruction accuracy, by calculating the grid. An outlier removal based on a dynamic threshold of distances is used to gain more robustness against noise and small geometry variations. The transformation parameters are calculated with an iterative least-squares optimization of the distances weighted with respect to the reconstruction accuracies of the grid. Evaluations consider two flight campaigns of the Mangfall area inBavaria, Germany, taken with different airborne LiDAR sensors with different point density. The accuracy of the proposed approach is evaluated on the whole flight strip of approximately eight square kilometers as well as on selected scenes in a closer look. For all scenes, it obtained an accuracy of rotation parameters below one tenth degrees and accuracy of translation parameters below the point spacing and chosen cell size of the raster. Furthermore, the possibility of registration of airborne LiDAR and photogrammetric point clouds from UAV taken images is shown with a similar result. The evaluation also shows the robustness of the approach in scenes where a classical iterative closest point (ICP) fails.
Pooling (1999)

Can different healthcare professionals really work as a team? Yes, but only if their managers are behind them, says Dr Marnie Freeman
DC-side high impedance ground fault detection for transformerless single-phase PV systems (2015)

The ground fault is one of the most common faults in the Photovoltaic (PV) power generation system. Previously, the ground fault detection interrupter (GFDI) and spread spectrum time domain reflectometry (SSTDR) methods were applied in the PV system to detect the ground fault of PV arrays. However, the limitations of GFDI constrain its ability to detect high impedance ground fault (HIGF) at PV arrays, and the implementation of SSTDR will increase the system cost. A novel approach based on the common mode (CM) model of the full-bridge inverter to detect the HIGF of PV arrays is proposed in this paper. Both the mathematical verification and PSIM simulation prove the effectiveness of CM model in detecting the HIGF for transformerless single-phase PV systems.
Concepts of Fracture Control and Damage Tolerance Analysis (1996)

Abstract Fracture control is a systematic process to prevent fracture during operation that depends on the criticality of the component, the economic consequences of the structures being out of service, and the damage that would be caused by a fracture failure. This article describes the key principles of fracture control and reviews the concepts of damage tolerance analysis. It further presents practical guidelines to obtain useful and reasonable answers from damage tolerance analysis. The article concludes with information on fracture mechanics and fatigue design.
Content and component analysis of lipid in three freshwater diatoms. (2011)

Three strains of freshwater diatoms(Nitzschia capitellata,Synedra acus,Synedra ulna var.danica) were cultured and their lipid content and composition were examined and analyzed to assess the potential of these microalgae as biodiesel feedstocks.Growth period of Nitzschia capitellata was shorter and its biomass higher than that of Synedra acus and Synedra ulna var.danica.Total lipid represented 2.92%~9.25% of dry weight with the highest percentage in Nitzschia capitellata(9.25%).The fatty acid component was similar and indicated that the main components were myristic(C14:0),palmitic(C16:0),palmitoleic(C16:1),oleic(C18:1),linoleic(C18:2)and parinaric acids(C18:4);The percentage of unsaturated fatty acids(UFAs) in each lipid fraction was more than 60% of the total fatty acids with Nitzschia capitellata reaching up to 63.54%.The results indicated that Nitzschia capitellata could be used as a biodiesel feedstock after further improvement of the culture conditions.
Discontinuing anticoagulation following successful atrial fibrillation ablation in patients with prior strokes (2013)

Patients with prior CVA/TIAs, who undergo successful AF ablation, have a low incidence of subsequent thromboembolic events. Most patients who appear AF free postablation may be able to discontinue OAC after successful ablation with a low thromboembolic risk and with a reduced bleeding risk.
[Relation of venous drainage and inadequate circulation in the rat pedicled TRAM flap model]. (2000)

Our results demonstrated that conventional rat TRAM flap with poor arterial inflow differs from that with venous stasis in terms of manifestations and extent of inadequate circulation. Necrosis of the lateral portion of human TRAM flaps may therefore be attributed to problems of venous stasis. Such problems might then be ameliorated by creating an additional cutaneous venous return system.
Patient, client or service user? A survey of patient preferences of dress and address of six mental health professions (2003)

Aims and Method A positive therapeutic relationship is essential to psychiatry and should take into account patients' preferences. Preferences of 133 community care patients were surveyed regarding dress and forms of address of six professions. Participants' sex, age, ethnicity and diagnosis were recorded. Results Ninety-eight per cent of participants expressed a preference. While most preferred to be called ‘patients' by general practitioners (75%) and psychiatrists (67%), there was no statistically significant difference in preference for the term ‘patient’ or ‘client’ when used by community psychiatric nurses, occupational therapists, psychologists or social workers. Participants over the age of 40 preferred the term ‘client’. Asymmetrical relationships were preferred with general practitioners and psychiatrists, evidenced by a preference to be addressed by first name (71% and 68%, respectively), to address the professional by title (81% and 80%, respectively), and the professional to be ‘smartly’ dressed (67% and 66%, respectively). Clinical Implications A more differentiated approach may be suggested by taking professional background and some demographic characteristics into consideration.
A Novel High-Throughput Screen Reveals Yeast Genes That Increase Secretion of Heterologous Proteins (2006)

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an attractive host for the production of heterologous proteins. However, low-yield production of many proteins (from micrograms to milligrams/liter) leaves considerable room for optimization. By engineering the yeast cell via traceable genome-wide libraries, genes that can enhance protein expression level because of their roles in protein transcription, translation, folding, and trafficking processes can be readily identified. This report details a novel approach that combines yeast cDNA overexpression libraries with yeast surface display to allow the rapid flow cytometric screening of engineered yeast for gene products that improve the display of heterologous proteins. After optimization of the screening conditions, a genome-wide scan yielded five yeast gene products that promoted increased display levels of a single-chain T-cell receptor (scTCR). The display-enhancing genes included those coding for cell wall proteins (CCW12, CWP2, and SED1), a ribosomal subunit protein (RPP0), and an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein (ERO1). Under the premise that yeast surface display levels could be used as a predictor of secretion efficiency, each display-enhancing gene product was tested for its ability to affect secretion levels of multiple scTCR and single-chain antibodies (scFv). All of the selected yeast gene products were shown to promote increased secretion of active protein (1.5-fold to 7.9-fold), with CCW12 and ERO1 being the most generalizable enhancers of scFv/scTCR secretion.
Preparation and Characterization of Electrospun Colon-Specific Delivery System for Quercetin and Its Antiproliferative Effect on Cancer Cells (2018)

To improve the oral bioavailability of quercetin (Q) and achieve colon-specific release, a core-sheath electrospun fiber mat containing Q-loaded chitosan nanoparticle (Q-loaded EFM) was developed in this study. The nanoparticle was first fabricated, and its antioxidant activity was as effective as free Q. Then the uniform Q-loaded EFM was obtained using response surface methodology optimization, and its core-sheath structure was characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. In vitro release kinetics confirmed the colon targeting profile, and the release rate of Q varied inversely with fiber diameter. The data of Cell Counting Kit-8 suggested Q-loaded EFM inhibited the proliferation of Caco-2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner with an IC50 of 4.36, 2.81, and 2.01 mg/mL after 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively, and it was caused by arresting cell cycle on G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> phase and triggering apoptotic cell death. This study suggests that the Q-loaded EFM represents a promising form in the oral therapy of colon disorders.
Molekulare Diagnostik und zukünftige Therapien bei Hepatitis C Schwerpunkt: Molekulare Diagnostik und Therapie (2011)

Von einer Infektion mit dem Hepatitis-C-Virus (HCV) sind weltweit uber 130 Millionen Menschen betroffen, in Deutschland geht man von ungefahr 500.000 Infizierten aus [23]. Die Rate an Neuinfektionen ist seit der Einfuhrung serologischer und molekularer Diagnostika deutlich zuruckgegangen. Trotzdem sind die dekompensierte Leberzirrhose und das hepatozellulare Karzinom als Folgen der chronischen Hepatitis C fuhrende Indikationen zur Lebertransplantation in der westlichen Welt. Der gegenwartige „Standard of Care“ mit pegy liertem IFN-α und Ribavirin erreicht beim hierzulande haufigsten HCVGenotyp 1 nur in etwa der Halfte der Falle eine Heilung und hat zahlreiche Nebenwirkungen. Daher sind neue Therapien dringend erforderlich.
3D nanoimprint for NIR Fabry-Pérot filter arrays: fabrication, characterization and comparison of different cavity designs (2016)

We report on the fabrication of miniaturized NIR spectrometers based on arrays of multiple Fabry-Pérot (FP) filters. The various cavities of different height are fabricated via a single patterning step using high resolution 3D nanoimprint technology. Today, low-cost patterning of extended cavity heights for NIR filters using the conventional spin-coated nanoimprint methodology is not available because of insufficient coating layers and low mobility of the resist materials to fill extended cavity structures. Our investigation focuses on reducing the technological effort for fabrication of homogeneous extended cavities. We study alternative cavity designs, including a new resist and apply large-area 3D nanoimprint based on hybrid mold and UV Substrate Conformal Imprint Lithography (UV-SCIL) to overcome these limitations. We compare three different solutions, i.e. (1) applying multiple spin coating of the resist to obtain thicker initial resist layers, (2) introducing a hybrid cavity (combination of a thin oxide layer and the organic cavity) to compensate the height differences, and (3) optimizing the imprint process with a novel resist material. The imprint results based on these methods demonstrate the implementation of NIR FP filters with high transmission intensity (best single filter transmission >90 %) and small line widths (<5 nm in full width at half maximum).
(CL-216)RESULTS OF A ONE YEAR CLINICAL TRIAL COMPARING MONOVISION AND BIFOCAL CONTACT LENSES (2000)

Dutoit, Renee Dip Optom, MPhilOptom; Situ, Ping BMed, MSc; Simpson, Trefford DipOptom, PhD; Fonn, Desmond DipOptom, MOptom Author Information