gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analytical test of 3D integrated circuits (2017)

Multilayer (3D) integrated circuit technology (3D chip technology) provides an attractive alternative to conventional circuit scaling methods, which rely solely on continued shrinking of device dimension. Chip stacking, through the use of through silicon vias (TSVs) and micro ball grid arrays or copper pillars, allows increasing chip complexity in a node independent way. 3D chip technology also opens up a new way to combine different chip technologies for the fabrication of advanced hybrids. The difficulties associated with 3D technology development include basic technology questions, such as thermal characteristics of chip stacks, chip design, design for test, and test methodologies. We will review results from a test site designed expressly to investigate these issues and discuss test methods used to support diagnostic test of 3D chips in a research environment.
A Companion to Pragmatism (2011)

Book Review| July 01 2011 A Companion to Pragmatism A Companion to Pragmatism. John R. Shook and Joseph Margolis, eds. Oxford, Eng.: Blackwell, 2006. Matthew J. Brown Matthew J. Brown The University of Texas at Dallas Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google The Pluralist (2011) 6 (2): 101–103. https://doi.org/10.5406/pluralist.6.2.0101 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Matthew J. Brown; A Companion to Pragmatism. The Pluralist 1 January 2011; 6 (2): 101–103. doi: https://doi.org/10.5406/pluralist.6.2.0101 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressThe Pluralist Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2011 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois2011 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Recursive Memory-based Hysteresis Modeling for Solid-state Smart Actuators (2009)

This article presents a new modeling approach for the memory-dependent hysteresis phenomenon in a broad class of smart structures and systems. We propose a recursive formulation to relate the minor hysteresis trajectories to their surrounding loops. More specifically, each internal (minor) trajectory targets its previous turning point and converges to its neighboring loop with a tunable exponential rate. By applying the ‘curve alignment’ and the ‘wiping out’ properties at the turning points, we present a new strategy within the context of a memory-based hysteresis modeling framework. A Galfenol-driven micropositioning actuator and a piezoelectrically driven nanopositioning stage are used to experimentally validate the model. Galfenol exhibits large butterfly-type nonlinearity with a small hysteresis effect, while the piezoelectric actuator exhibits wide hysteresis loops. The model is able to precisely predict the major and minor hysteresis loops in both the Galfenol and piezoelectric actuators, and is expected to be effectively and conveniently applicable to general systems exhibiting memory-dependent hysteresis.
α‐CH‐Acidität von Allyliden‐Komplexen: Rheniumorganische Derivate des 1,2,3‐Butatriens durch Dehydrochlorierung von Rhena(V)‐allylidenen. Synthese und Strukturchemie (1989)

Abstract Der Rhena(V)‐allyliden‐Komplex (η 5 ‐C 5 Me 5 )ReCl 2 [η 1 :η 3 ‐(CH 3 )‐CC(Cl)CH 2 ] ( 2 ) wird durch Lithiumhydroxid in Gegenwart von überschüssigem Pyridin quantitativ zu dem neuartigen rhenium‐organischen 1,2,3‐Butatrien‐Derivat (η 5 ‐C 5 Me 5 )ReCl 2 [η 3 ‐H 2 CC(C 5 H 5 N)CCH 2 ] ( 3 ) dehydrohalogeniert. Dieses Ergebnis weist auf die bisher nicht beachtete CH‐Acidität von Methylgruppen hin, die ein π‐gebundenes Allyliden‐Gerüst α‐ständig substituieren. Einer Röntgenstrukturanalyse zufolge ist der von 1,2,3‐Butatrien abgeleitete Ligand allylartig an das (η 5 ‐C 5 Me 5 )ReCl 2 ‐Fragment gebunden.
Loss of Antigen Presentation in Adipose Tissue Macrophages or in Adipocytes, but Not Both, Improves Glucose Metabolism (2019)

Macrophages, B cells, and adipocytes are among the adipose tissue (AT) APCs that differentiate and activate naive CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells. Mice with adipocyte loss of MHC class II (MHC II) are more insulin sensitive. Because macrophages are professional APCs, mice with genetic myeloid MHC II depletion (myeloid MHC II knockout [mMHCII<sup>-/-</sup>]) were created and metabolically characterized. FITC<sup>+</sup> glucan-coated particles (glucan-encapsulated small interfering RNA [siRNA] particles [GeRPs]) were also used to target MHC II knockout specifically in AT macrophages (ATMs). Mice with total body mMHCII<sup>-/-</sup> were generated by crossing LyzMCre with H2Ab1 floxed mice. For specific ATM depletion of H2Ab1, GeRPs containing H2Ab1 siRNA were administered to high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mice. Unexpectedly, mMHCII<sup>-/-</sup> mice had loss of both macrophage and adipocyte H2Ab1, one of only two Ag-presenting arms; thus, neither cell could present Ag and activate CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells. This inability led to a reduction in AT immunosuppressive regulatory T cells, increased AT CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, and no improvement in systemic metabolism. Thus, with combined systemic myeloid and adipocyte MHC II loss, the impact of ATM-specific alterations in APC activity could not be delineated. Therefore, GeRPs containing H2Ab1 siRNA were administered to specifically reduce ATM H2Ab1 which, in contrast, revealed improved glucose tolerance. In conclusion, loss of either ATM or adipocyte APC function, but not both, improves systemic glucose metabolism because of maintenance of AT regulatory T cells.
Trace Amounts of Water-Induced Distinct Growth Behaviors of NiO Nanostructures on Graphene in CO2-Expanded Ethanol and Their Applications in Lithium-Ion Batteries (2013)

In this work, we have developed a new method to grow NiO nanomaterials on the surface of graphene nanosheets (GNSs). The morphologies of NiO nanomaterials grown on GNSs could be tailored by trace amounts of water introduced into the mixed solvents of CO2-expanded ethanol (CE). Small and uniform Ni-salt nanoparticles (Ni-salt-NPs) were grown on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) through the decomposition of nickel nitrate directly in CE. However, when trace amounts of water were introduced into the mixed solvents, Ni-salt nanoflakes arrays (Ni-salt-NFAs) were grown on the surface of GO with almost perpendicular direction. After thermal treatment in N2 atmosphere, these Ni-salt @GO composites were converted to NiO@GNSs composites. The forming mechanisms of the NiO-NPs@GNSs and NiO-NFAs@GNSs were discussed by series comparative experiments. The presence of the trace amounts of water affected the chemical composition and structure of the precursors formed in CE and the growth behaviors on the surface of GNSs. When used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, the NiO-NPs@GNSs composite exhibited better cycle and rate performance compared with the NiO-NFAs@GNSs.
Augmented Zika and Dengue Neutralizing Antibodies Are Associated With Guillain-Barré Syndrome (2018)

The role of neutralizing antibodies in Zika-induced Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has not yet been investigated. We conducted a case-control study using sera from the 2016 Zika epidemic in Colombia to determine the neutralizing antibody activity against Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2). We observed increased neutralizing antibody titers against DENV2 in ZIKV-infected individuals compared with uninfected controls and higher titers to both ZIKV and DENV2 in ZIKV-infected patients diagnosed with GBS compared with non-GBS ZIKV-infected controls. These data suggest that high neutralizing antibody titers to DENV and to ZIKV are associated with GBS during ZIKV infection.
Combined Metabolic and Chemical (CoMetChem) Labeling Using Stable Isotopes—a Strategy to Reveal Site-Specific Histone Acetylation and Deacetylation Rates by LC–MS (2021)

Histone acetylation is an important, reversible post-translational protein modification and a hallmark of epigenetic regulation. However, little is known about the dynamics of this process, due to the lack of analytical methods that can capture site-specific acetylation and deacetylation reactions. We present a new approach that combines metabolic and chemical labeling (CoMetChem) using uniformly 13C-labeled glucose and stable isotope-labeled acetic anhydride. Thereby, chemically equivalent, fully acetylated histone species are generated, enabling accurate relative quantification of site-specific lysine acetylation dynamics in tryptic peptides using high-resolution mass spectrometry. We show that CoMetChem enables site-specific quantification of the incorporation or loss of lysine acetylation over time, allowing the determination of reaction rates for acetylation and deacetylation. Thus, the CoMetChem methodology provides a comprehensive description of site-specific acetylation dynamics.
Strength analysis of parallel robot components in PLM Siemens NX 8.5 program (2015)

This article presents a series of numerical analyses in order to identify the states of stress in elements, which arise during the operation of the mechanism. The object of the research was parallel robot, which is the basis for the prototype of a driving simulator. To conduct the dynamic analysis was used the Motion Simulation module and the RecurDyn solver. In this module were created the joints which occur in the mechanism of a parallel robot. Next dynamic analyzes were performed to determine the maximal forces that will applied to the analyzed elements. It was also analyzed the platform motion during the simulation a collision of a car with a wall. In the next step, basing on the results obtained in the dynamic analysis, were performed the strength analyzes in the Advanced Simulation module. For calculation the NX Nastran solver was used.
Volatile Flavor Constituents of Fruits from Southern Africa:  Mobola Plum (Parinari curatellifolia) (2004)

The volatile flavor components of Mobola plum (Parinari curatellifolia), a native fruit of Southern Africa, have been isolated by a vacuum headspace concentration method. The concentrate was analyzed by hyphenated gas chromatographic techniques, including gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry (MS) and GC/Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), together with other GC-coupled detection devices for the specific and selective detection of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds. A total of 88 components were identified. Of these compounds, 12 contain nitrogen, including 2-aminobenzaldehyde and phenylacetaldoxime, which are detected for the first time in an edible fruit. In addition, two unusual nitrated compounds have been identified, including optically active (2-nitrobutyl)benzene, which is a new natural product. Quantitative and sensory data of the new compounds are provided.
<title>Approach for particle sizing using DPIV</title> (2000)

Many industrial and fossil fuel energy processes involve two phase flows for mass transit. In order to improve and better understand these two phase flows, knowledge of both the droplet/particle size and spatial distribution are required. The useful diagnostic tools should be able to make in-situ measurements without disturbing the flow field so that undisturbed flow measurements can be obtained. This suggests the need for a novel non-intrusive optical technique that can provide instantaneous measurements of particle size and velocity at multiple spatial points in planar (2-D) fields. Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV) is being studied as a candidate technique for making these measurements. A Monte-Carlo simulation has been developed that simulates the PIV optical recording system and the electric field scattered from particles in the flow. The simulation incorporates diffraction and the variation in light sheet intensity across the depth of field of the optical system. The simulation also computes the Mie scattered electric fields and images these onto the CCD detector. For small size particles, diffraction effects of the optical system dominate the recorded particle image light intensity distribution on the CCD array, and precludes our ability to determine their size. However, for larger sized particles other effects become more dominant, such as the glare spots in optically clear particles. The simulation allows us to examine the Mie scattered electric field of the particles recorded on the CCD and use the higher order structure in the recorded images to determine particle size. A technique for sizing is proposed which uses the separation between two glare spots visible on the particle image to estimate the particle diameter. The results show that the input particle size distribution to the simulation can be reasonably reproduced using the proposed sizing technique. Analysis of experimental PIV images also demonstrated that this technique is capable of providing moderate accuracy particle size estimates.
Enrichment of the amino acid l -isovaline by aqueous alteration on CI and CM meteorite parent bodies (2009)

The distribution and enantiomeric composition of the 5-carbon (C(5)) amino acids found in CI-, CM-, and CR-type carbonaceous meteorites were investigated by using liquid chromatography fluorescence detection/TOF-MS coupled with o-phthaldialdehyde/N-acetyl-L-cysteine derivatization. A large L-enantiomeric excess (ee) of the alpha-methyl amino acid isovaline was found in the CM meteorite Murchison (L(ee) = 18.5 +/- 2.6%) and the CI meteorite Orgueil (L(ee) = 15.2 +/- 4.0%). The measured value for Murchison is the largest enantiomeric excess in any meteorite reported to date, and the Orgueil measurement of an isovaline excess has not been reported previously for this or any CI meteorite. The L-isovaline enrichments in these two carbonaceous meteorites cannot be the result of interference from other C(5) amino acid isomers present in the samples, analytical biases, or terrestrial amino acid contamination. We observed no L-isovaline enrichment for the most primitive unaltered Antarctic CR meteorites EET 92042 and QUE 99177. These results are inconsistent with UV circularly polarized light as the primary mechanism for L-isovaline enrichment and indicate that amplification of a small initial isovaline asymmetry in Murchison and Orgueil occurred during an extended aqueous alteration phase on the meteorite parent bodies. The large asymmetry in isovaline and other alpha-dialkyl amino acids found in altered CI and CM meteorites suggests that amino acids delivered by asteroids, comets, and their fragments would have biased the Earth's prebiotic organic inventory with left-handed molecules before the origin of life.
Reactive oxygen species reprogram macrophages to suppress antitumor immune response through the exosomal miR-155-5p/PD-L1 pathway (2022)

Our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism, ROS-induced down-regulation of miR-155-5p, by which tumors modulate the microenvironment that favors tumor growth. Understanding of the negative impact of ROS on the tumor immune response will improve current therapeutic strategies. Targeting miR-155-5p can be an alternative approach to prevent formation of an immunosuppressive TME through downregulation of PD-L1 and other immunosuppressive factors.
HISTORY AND PRESENT STATE OF TRANSLATIONAL ELECTRO-OPTICAL APPLICATIONS TO MEDICINE (2008)

This paper reviews the history of the optoelectric devices applied to biomedical sciences in 20th century. It describes history of Vacuum tubes and Spectroscopies with the author's personal experiences, especially doublebeam spectroscopy. Further, the present developments of Near Infra Red (NIR) devices are described in translational biomedical applications. It includes particulary micro optoelectronics developments and present status of NIR breast cancer detection. Lastly, intrinsic molecular biomarkers are discussed especially NIR measurements of angiogenensis, hypermetabolism and heat production for cancer detection.
Chelating resins VI: Chelating resins of formaldehyde condensed phenolic Schiff bases derived from 4,4?-diaminodiphenyl ether with hydroxybenzaldehydes?synthesis, characterization, and metal ion adsorption studies (2000)

Phenolic Schiff bases derived from o-, m-, and p-hydroxybenzaldehydes and 4, 4′-diaminodiphenyl ether were subjected to polycondensation reaction with formaldehyde. The resins were found to form polychelates readily with several metal ions. The materials were characterized by elemental analysis, GPC, IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, XRD, and thermal analyses like TG, DTG, and DSC studies. The 1H-NMR spectra of the resins provided evidence of polycondensation with well-defined peaks for bridging methylene and terminal methylol functions. The metal-ligand bonds were registered in the IR spectra of the polychelates. The thermal analysis data provided the kinetic parameters like activation energy, frequency factor, and entropy changes associated with the thermal decomposition. These data indicated the resins to be more stable than the polychelates. The DSC and XRD data indicated that the incorporation of metal ions significantly enhanced the crystallinity of the polymers. The resins could adsorb several metal ions from dilute aqueous solutions. Adsorption characteristics of the resins towards Cu(II) and Ni(II) were studied spectrophotometrically both in competitive and noncompetitive conditions. The effects of pH, contact time, quantity of the sorbent, concentration of the metal ions in a suitable buffer medium were studied. The resins were found to be selective for Cu(II) leading to its separation from a mixture of Cu(II) and Ni(II). © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 967–981, 2000
lmmunofluorescentAnalysisof Expressionof the RNA Tumor Virus Major Glycoprotein,gp7l , on the Surfaces of Normal (1977)

SUMMARY The expression of the major glycoprotein, gp7l , of mu mineleukemia virus was studied on the surfaces of a variety of normal munine cell lines with a monospecific rabbit anti serum raised against purified Friend mumineleukemia virus gp7l . Using viable cell membrane immunofluorescence, most established and early passage normal muminecell lines were significantly reactive with the antiserum, irrespective of neoplastic transformation, strain genotype, or whether they were of embryonic or adult tissue origin. The only muminecells tested not detectably expressing gp7l detenmi nants were BALB/3T3 lines. Although some Friend gp7l interspecies reactivity was discernible on normal munine cells, the principal reactivity was shown to be group spe cific. Fresh thymocytes from BALB/cJ (G1@-), C57BL/6J (G1@-), and 129/J (G1@+) mouse strains were also reactive with Friend gp7l antiserum, and this activity, as well as that of an antiserum prepared against purified AKR gp7l , were also group specific. An activity discriminating G1@+ from G1@thymocytes was not observed with either Friend or AKR gp7l antisera.
Whole-genome sequencing reveals that Shewanella haliotis Kim et al. 2007 can be considered a later heterotypic synonym of Shewanella algae Simidu et al. 1990 (2018)

Previously, experimental DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) between Shewanellahaliotis JCM 14758<sup>T</sup> and Shewanellaalgae JCM 21037<sup>T</sup> had suggested that the two strains could be considered different species, despite minimal phenotypic differences. The recent isolation of Shewanella sp. MN-01, with 99 % 16S rRNA gene identity to S. algae and S. haliotis, revealed a potential taxonomic problem between these two species. In this study, we reassessed the nomenclature of S. haliotis and S. algae using available whole-genome sequences. The whole-genome sequence of S. haliotis JCM 14758<sup>T</sup> and ten S. algae strains showed ≥97.7 % average nucleotide identity and >78.9 % digital DDH, clearly above the recommended species thresholds. According to the rules of priority and in view of the results obtained, S. haliotis is to be considered a later heterotypic synonym of S. algae. Because the whole-genome sequence of Shewanella sp. strain MN-01 shares >99 % ANI with S. algae JCM 14758<sup>T</sup>, it can be confidently identified as S. algae.
Phase Variation of Biofilm Formation inStaphylococcus aureusby IS256Insertion and Its Impact on the Capacity Adhering to Polyurethane Surface (2004)

While ica gene of Staphylococcus epidermidis is known to undergo phase variation by insertion of IS256, the phenomenon in Staphylococcus aureus has not been evaluated. Six biofilm-positive strains were tested for the presence of biofilm-negative phase-variant strains by Congo red agar test. For potential phase-variant strains, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was done to exclude the possibility of contamination. To investigate the mechanism of the biofilm-negative phase variation, PCR for each ica genes were done. Changes of ica genes detected by PCR were confirmed by southern hybridization, and their nucleotides were analyzed by DNA sequencing. Influence of ica genes and biofilm formation on capacity for adherence to biomedical material was evaluated by comparing the ability of adhering to polyurethane surface among a biofilm-negative phase-variant strain and its parent strain. A biofilm-negative phase-variant S. aureus strain was detected from 6 strains tested. icaC gene of the phase-variant strain was found to be inactivated by insertion of additional gene segment, IS256. The biofilm-negative phase-variant strain showed lower adhering capacity to polyurethane than its parent strain. This study shows that phase variation of ica gene occurs in S. aureus by insertion of IS256 also, and this biofilm-negative phase variation reduces adhering capacity of the bacteria.
Seated lumbar/pelvic alignment. A comparison between spinal cord-injured and noninjured groups. (1992)

It has been postulated that loss of voluntary trunk stability, combined with the posture imposed by the configuration of the wheelchair seat, biomechanically necessitates that a person with diminished trunk control assume an abnormal sitting posture. This posture is characterized by a long, "C"-shaped kyphotic thoracolumbar spine, an extended cervical spine, a flattened lumbar spine, and a posteriorly tilted pelvis. If lateral trunk deformities are present, trunk imbalance and pelvic deformities in the coronal (frontal) plane can exist. This study has investigated the spinal/pelvic postural alignment of a limited sample of seated spinal cord-injured people and compared the results to a similar sample of able-bodied individuals seated in the same standardized positions. The results suggests that there are distinct differences in the spinal/pelvic alignment between the two study groups. These differences and the movements that take place in the pelvic structures during active wheelchair sitting have implications relative to pressure sore prevention and postural management.
Environment Mapping and Other Applications of World Projections (1986)

Various techniques have been developed that employ projections of the world as seen from a particular viewpoint. Blinn and Newell introduced reflection mapping for simulating mirror reflections on curved surfaces. Miller and Hoffman have presented a general illumination model based on environment mapping. World projections have also been used to model distant objects and to produce pictures with the fish-eye distortion required for Omnimax frames. This article proposes a uniform framework for representing and using world projections and argues that the best general-purpose representation is the is projection onto a cube. Surface shading and texture filtering are discussed in the context of environment mapping, and methods are presented for obtaining diffuse and specular surface illumination from prefiltered environment maps. Comparisons are made with ray tracing, noting that two problems with ray tracing-obtaining diffuse reflection and antialiasing specular reflection-can be handled effectively by environment mapping.