gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plant Succession and Hydrologic Recovery on a Deforested and Herbicided Watershed (1983)

Abstract The recovery of a 60-acre watershed that had been maintained nearly barren of vegetation for several years with herbicides was monitored. Increases in water yield returned rapidly to pretreatment levels. Aboveground biomass increased as the woody vegetation became dominant, averaging 14.7 ovendry tons/acre at the end of 10 growing seasons. There was a close relationship between biomass, height, percent ground cover, and increases in growing-season streamflow, Specific conductance of streamflow increased from a pretreatment level of 19 μmho/cm to 57 μmho/cm when the treatment was terminated. As the vegetation regrew, specific conductance decreased to about 24 μmho/cm 10 years later. Considering the drastic treatment of this watershed, the area has become well stocked with 3,800 stems/acre of commercial tree species. Forest Sci. 29:545-558.
A state of art on source code plagiarism detection (2016)

Plagiarism is becoming a serious problem for intellectual community. The detection of plagiarism at various levels is a major issue. The complexity of the problem increases when we are finding the plagiarism in the source codes that may be in the same language or they have been transformed into other languages. This type of plagiarism is found not only in the academic works but also in the industries dealing with software designing. The major issue with the source code plagiarism is that different programming languages may have different syntax. In this paper the authors will explain various techniques and algorithms to discover the plagiarism in source code. So organization or academic institution can simply discover plagiarism in source code using these techniques. The authors will differentiate among these given techniques of plagiarism to discover how one technique is conflicting with the other.
Synthesis and SAR of Highly Potent and Selective Dopamine D3‐Receptor Antagonists: Quinolin(di)one and Benzazepin(di)one Derivatives. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Molecular Compounds. VII. Interactions between 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene and Pyridine-N-Oxides in Chloroform Solution (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Compounds. VII. Interactions between 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene and Pyridine-N-Oxides in Chloroform SolutionSidney D. Ross, Donald J. Kelley, and Mortimer M. LabesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 15, 3625–3627Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01596a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01596a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Influence of Process Parameters on Structure of YSZ Coating Deposited by Plasma Spraying on AISI 316L Stainless Steel Surface by APS Method and on Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy Surface by PS-PVD Method (2021)

The plasma spraying is commonly used in medical application. The Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS) method was applied for production of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) on AISI 316L stainless steel surface and also on Ti6Al4V titanium alloy surface. In present article two examples of coatings production were presented. In first experimental the YSZ was plasma sprayed (APS) on 316L stainless steel surface. The coating was deposited using A60 (Thermico) plasma torch. The initial parameters were selected and it was concluded that minimal power current was 500A. The thickness of obtained coating was in range 100-150 micrometers. The X-ray phase analysis showed the presence of tetragonal t-phase of ZrO 2 . The lamellar structure of coatings with large porosity was observed. In second experimental the newly developed Plasma Spray Physical Vapor Deposition method (PS-PVD) was used. The YSZ coating was deposited on titanium Grade 5 surface. The conducted research showed the formation of two types of coatings structure. When the power current was lower (2000 A) the dense lamellar-like coatings was obtained. If the power current was increased (up to 2200A) the columnar ceramic coating was observed.
Bioactive Properties of Wild Blueberry Fruits (2000)

ABSTRACT: Bioactive extracts from wild blueberries were isolated, fractionated, and analyzed. Antioxidant activity, cardioprotective capacity, and ability to inhibit the initiation stage of chemically‐induced carcinogenesis were evaluated. Many fractions had antioxidant activity, especially those rich in anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins. The ease of isolation of bioactive compounds and the ability to obtain accurate bioassays depended strongly on the source material used. Extracts from spray‐dried formulations containing magnesium citrate and tri‐calcium phosphate provided easier materials for bioactivity assessment and demonstrated antioxidant, cancer preventive and cardioprotective activity. Extracts with potent antioxidant activity degraded readily, underscoring the need for rapid alternative fractionation tactics and rigorously controlled storage conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoelectronic Effects in the Reactions of Conformationally Restricted, Substituted Cyclohexane‐1,2‐diones with 1,2‐Diols. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Activity of Transcription Factor IIIC1 Is Impaired during Differentiation of F9 Cells (2002)

Differentiation in vitro of mouse F9 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells to the parietal endoderm (PE) mimics processes of development of the early mouse embryo. This differentiation is accompanied by a dramatic down-regulation of all genes transcribed by RNA polymerase III (pol III). Complementation of extracts from cells, differentiated for various time periods with purified pol III transcription factors show for the first time that TFIIIC1 can substantially restore this impaired transcription, particularly in the early stages of differentiation. At later stages (day 7) the TBP (TATA-binding protein )-TAF complex, TFIIIBbeta, may also become limiting, which can contribute to but cannot account for the reduced transcription of type 2 promoters in PE cells. Because TFIIIBbeta is not required for the expression of type 3 promoters, other components must necessarily be involved, and our results show that U6 transcription can significantly be reactivated by TFIIIC1. By employing a variant type 3 promoter construct, which essentially requires a mutant form of TBP (TBP-DR2), we show that TBP is not limiting in PE extracts. The partial purification of pol III transcription factors from PE and EC cells revealed that TFIIIC2 activity could be purified from both cell types, whereas TFIIIC1 activity was dramatically reduced in extracts from PE cells.
Critical adsorption: The renormalization-group approach (1983)

A wall having unequal interactions with the two components of a binary mixture is responsible for critical adsorption. We have analyzed with the renormalization-group formalism the scaling laws which govern this phenomenon. Furthermore, we have computed, within the $\ensuremath{\epsilon}$-expansion formalism, the universal order-parameter profile for a range of possible values of the wall parameters (surface field and decoupling factor).
Mucin changes in ileoanal pouches monitored by metabolic labelling and histochemistry (1992)

The pattern of mucin synthesis and secretion in mucosal biopsies from the proximal ileum, distal ileum, rectum and pouch before and after ileostomy closure was monitored in patients undergoing restorative proctocolectomy by metabolic labelling with [3H]glucosamine and [35S]sulphate and compared with the mucin histochemistry in each patient. Metabolic labelling clearly demonstrated a reduction in sulphation associated with the rectal mucosa in colitis. Significant differences in the turnover of isolated secreted mucin between proximal and distal ileum and rectum were also found, as was a metaplastic change towards a colonic-type mucosa in the pouch before and after ileostomy closure relative to the proximal and distal ileum, and rectum. This technique can be used to monitor colonic metaplasia in the pouch mucosa and is suitable for comparative studies where mucin changes are implicated.
Generating Conditional Knockout Mice (2010)

Gene targeting in ES cells is extensively used to generate designed mouse mutants and to study gene function in vivo. Knockout mice that harbor a null allele in their germline provide appropriate genetic models of inherited diseases and often exhibit embryonic or early postnatal lethality. To study gene function in adult mice and in selected cell types, a refined strategy for conditional gene inactivation has been developed that relies on the DNA recombinase Cre and its recognition (loxP) sites. For conditional mutagenesis, a target gene is modified by the insertion of two loxP sites that enable to excise the flanked (floxed) gene segment through Cre-mediated recombination. Conditional mutant mice are obtained by crossing the floxed strain with a Cre transgenic line such that the target gene becomes inactivated in vivo within the expression domain of Cre. A large collection of Cre transgenic lines has been generated over time and can be used in a combinatorial manner to achieve gene inactivation in many different cell types. A growing number of CreER(T2) transgenic mice further allows for inducible inactivation of floxed alleles in adult mice upon administration of tamoxifen. This chapter covers the design and construction of loxP flanked alleles and refers to the vectors, ES cells, and mice generated by the European conditional mouse mutagenesis (EUCOMM) project. We further describe the design and use of Cre and CreER(T2) transgenic mice and a convenient breeding strategy to raise conditional mutants and controls for phenotype analysis.
Abstract P4-01-17: Preventing adaptive therapeutic resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition with CDK8/19 inhibitors (2022)

Abstract Inhibitors of CDK4/6 have provided a major addition to the clinical armamentarium in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers. Palbociclib and other FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitors slow down tumor growth and induce senescence (irreversible cell cycle arrest) by inhibiting downstream phosphorylation of the Rb protein by the CDK4/6-Cyclin D complex. However, long-term treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors inevitably leads to drug resistance and an overall decline in drug efficacy, both in laboratory models and in the clinic. Therefore, identifying an approach to preventing the development of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors would be beneficial to improving patient outcomes.CDK8 or its isoform, CDK19, together with their binding partner Cyclin C (CCNC) and proteins MED12 and MED13, form the regulatory CDK module of the transcriptional Mediator complex. CDK8/19 are actively pursued drug targets, with highly selective pharmacological inhibitors of CDK8/19 becoming available. The primary function of CDK8/19 Mediator kinase is potentiation of several signal-responsive transcription factors, such as ER, NFκB, SMADs, STATs and HIF1α; CDK8/19 inhibition suppresses signal-induced expression of a subset of genes activated by such transcription factors. This function defines CDK8/19 as mediators of transcriptional reprogramming, a critical process for the development of drug resistance, and CDK8/19 inhibition has been found to prevent the development of resistance to several classes of anticancer drugs. We have now tested if selective CDK8/19 inhibitors, Senexin B and SNX631, could prevent the development of Palbociclib resistance in ER-positive breast cancers. Our experiments have shown that Palbociclib-treated ER-positive breast cell lines, when cultured in the presence of Palbociclib, rapidly become resistant. CDK8/19 inhibitors have only a moderate growth-inhibitory effect in these cells and do not overcome acquired Palbociclib resistance. However, when CDK8/19 inhibitors are added together with Palbociclib, resistance does not develop. We have found that CDK8/19 inhibitors counteract some of the transcriptomic effects of Palbociclib and interact with this drug in modulating Rb expression and phosphorylation and attenuating the senescent phenotype. These results suggest specific mechanisms through which CDK8/19 inhibition prevents the development of adaptive resistance to Palbociclib. These in vitro findings are currently being investigated in vivo in an ER-positive breast cancer xenograft model. Citation Format: Zachary Mack, Margarita Yastrebova, Alvina Khamidullina, Amanda Sharko, Xiaokai Ding, Stephan Bowe, Nikitha Sashi, Samantha Safa, Kaitlyn Digsby, Amanda Eckstrom, Vitali Sikirzhitski, Chang-uk Lim, Victor Tatarskiy, Igor Roninson, Eugenia Broude. Preventing adaptive therapeutic resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition with CDK8/19 inhibitors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-17.
DAZL: Density-Aware Zone-based packet forwarding in vehicular networks (2012)

Multi-hop message forwarding based on geographic coordinates is a fundamental building block for vehicular communication. However, the unstable links and wide range of node densities make it challenging to design an algorithm suitable for vehicular use. We introduce DAZL, a new forwarding protocol that combines three concepts in a novel way. First, multiple nodes cooperate in packet forwarding. Compared with traditional single relay schemes, this provides robustness against changes in topology and packet delivery rates. Second, network-layer slotting is used to control duplication and contention in high density scenarios. Third, a distributed prioritization algorithm is used to opportunistically maximize hop length. Through both experiments and simulations, we show that DAZL provides improvements of up to 60% in throughput over single relay forwarding, while ensuring low latency and replication.
A CNN Based Approach for the Near-Field Photometric Stereo Problem (2020)

Reconstructing the 3D shape of an object using several images under different light sources is a very challenging task, especially when realistic assumptions such as light propagation and attenuation, perspective viewing geometry and specular light reflection are considered. Many of works tackling Photometric Stereo (PS) problems often relax most of the aforementioned assumptions. Especially they ignore specular reflection and global illumination effects. In this work, we propose the first CNN based approach capable of handling these realistic assumptions in Photometric Stereo. We leverage recent improvements of deep neural networks for far-field Photometric Stereo and adapt them to near field setup. We achieve this by employing an iterative procedure for shape estimation which has two main steps. Firstly we train a per-pixel CNN to predict surface normals from reflectance samples. Secondly, we compute the depth by integrating the normal field in order to iteratively estimate light directions and attenuation which is used to compensate the input images to compute reflectance samples for the next iteration. To the best of our knowledge this is the first near-field framework which is able to accurately predict 3D shape from highly specular objects. Our method outperforms competing state-of-the-art near-field Photometric Stereo approaches on both synthetic and real experiments.
Pravastatin Attenuates Hypertension, Oxidative Stress, and Angiogenic Imbalance in Rat Model of Placental Ischemia-Induced Hypertension (2013)

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific condition characterized by an imbalance of circulating angiogenic factors and new-onset hypertension. Although current treatment options are limited, recent studies suggest that pravastatin may improve angiogenic profile and reduce blood pressure in preeclampsia. We hypothesized pravastatin would restore angiogenic balance and reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) in rats with reduced utero-placental perfusion pressure (RUPP)-induced hypertension. Pravastatin was administered intraperitoneally (1 mg/kg per day) in RUPP (RUPP+P) and normal pregnant rats (NP+P) from day 14 to 19 of pregnancy. On day 19, MAP was measured via catheter, conceptus data were recorded, and tissues collected. MAP was increased ( P &lt;0.05) in RUPP compared with NP dams, and pravastatin ameliorated this difference. Pravastatin attenuated decreased fetal weight and plasma vascular endothelial growth factor and the RUPP-induced increased soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 when compared with NP dams. Pravastatin treatment did not improve angiogenic potential in RUPP serum and decreased ( P &lt;0.05) endothelial tube formation in NP rats. RUPP rats presented with indices of oxidative stress, such as increased placental catalase activity and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances along with decreased plasma total antioxidant capacity compared with NP controls, and pravastatin attenuated these effects. MAP, fetal weight, plasma vascular endothelial growth factor, and plasma soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 were unchanged in NP+P compared with NP controls. The present data indicate that treatment with pravastatin attenuates oxidative stress and lowers MAP in placental ischemia-induced hypertension, but may have negative effects on circulating angiogenic potential during pregnancy. Further studies are needed to determine whether there are long-term deleterious effects on maternal or fetal health after pravastatin treatment during pregnancy-induced hypertension or preeclampsia.
Biodegradable fumarate‐based drug‐delivery systems for ophthalmic applications (2008)

The function of a photocrosslinked poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF)/poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) matrix for the sustained release of three ophthalmic model drugs, acetazolamide (AZ), dichlorphenamide (DP), and timolol maleate (TM), was investigated. The drugs differ in molecular weight and degree of dissociation in aqueous environments; both are parameters that significantly influence drug diffusivity. AZ, DP, and TM-loaded cylindrical rods (10 mm length, 0.6 mm diameter) were fabricated by photoinduced cross-copolymerization of PPF and N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) in molds. The released amounts of AZ, DP, TM, and NVP were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The effects of drug properties and loading on the release kinetics were investigated. The in vitro release of AZ, DP, and TM was well sustained from the polymer matrices over a period of approximately 210, 270, and 250 days, respectively. The release kinetics correlated with the HPLC retention profiles of the different drugs. Following a small initial burst release (<10%), a dual modality release controlled by diffusion and bulk erosion was found for all drugs. Drug release rates of up to 4 microg/day were reached. Matrix drug loading generally affected the extent of the burst release, release kinetics, as well as the matrix water content and matrix degradation that were determined gravimetrically. Microcomputed tomography was used to image structural and dimensional changes of the devices. A preliminary rabbit implantation study revealed promising ocular biocompatibility of drug-free PPF/PVP matrices. All results indicate the potential of photocrosslinked PPF-based matrices as polymeric carriers for long-term ophthalmic drug delivery.
Signal processing under uncertain conditions by parallel projections onto fuzzy sets (1999)

Projection methods have been shown to be extremely powerful for signal restoration and other signal and image processing tasks. However, they break down when some system parameters cannot be exactly defined. To mitigate this problem, we propose a new algorithm that is based on the extended parallel projection method combined with fuzzy set theory. The incompleteness of the available information is taken into account by considering the constraint sets and/or the iterates as fuzzy. Then some maximum membership is searched by using parallel projections. The introduction of the fuzzy sets formalism results in a flexible technique that improves substantially the results obtained by conventional methods. The conventional projection method is shown to be a special case of this fuzzy algorithm. Moreover, whereas in the conventional algorithm the projection weights were chosen arbitrarily, in the new algorithm they are related to the degree of uncertainty involved.
Effects of locally administered insulin on bone formation in non‐diabetic rats (2012)

The possibility to control bone formation would be favorable in many areas of medicine, where bone defects is still a major challenge. Insulin has been suggested to exert both systemic and local anabolic effects in bone tissues. This raised the question whether locally administrated insulin could provide new therapeutic strategies for patients with local bone defects and impaired bone healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone formation in non-diabetic rats when local insulin is administered. This study differs from previous reports in two aspects: the use of non-diabetic animals and locally administered insulin. Twenty-four implants were inserted into 12 rats-one insulin-coated and one control-in each tibia for four weeks. Interferometry and histomorphometry were used to evaluate the surface topography and bone formation, respectively. Results demonstrated no significant changes in surface topography after insulin immobilization. Histomorphometry revealed significantly more bone around the insulin-coated implants (BA) (p = 0.005) and a similar amount of bone at the implant surface (BIC) (p = 0.117) compared with the controls. It was concluded that locally administered insulin from a titanium implant surface has the potential to increase bone formation not only in diabetic subjects but also in non-diabetic subjects.
Author Correction: Germline susceptibility variants impact clinical outcome and therapeutic strategies for stage III colorectal cancer (2020)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.