gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4D seismic monitoring of the Girassol field (Angola): enhanced interpretation of production mechanisms through impedance inversion (2007)

4D-seismic is regarded with increasing interest as a strategic source of dynamic information, and as an added&lt;br&gt;value monitoring tool to optimise reservoir management decisions. The actual value of the 4D-seismic information relies on the possibility to bring it early enough in the project life to impact the development plan, and to&lt;br&gt;participate in the construction of a reliable Reservoir Model. Two seismic monitors have been acquired on Girassol-&lt;br&gt;Jasmim, as part of a seismic monitoring project. The 4D processing and interpretation workflow we have&lt;br&gt;developed has allowed us to start exploiting the essential of 4D information very early after the monitor acquisition.&lt;br&gt;This key dynamic information has been used to constrain the reservoir model history match. The integration of 4D&lt;br&gt;information has impacted fundamental decisions, like the drilling of a development well on a poorly drained area &lt;br&gt;identified on 4D data. Girassol-Jasmim 4D experience proves that time-lapse seismic brings added-value information all along the project life. 4D can effectively help optimising the development wells locations. The additional reserves associated to wells targeting undrained panels, the optimisation of development well locations and the increase in reliability of the Reservoir Model (basis for the reservoir management decisions) largely justify 4D expenses. The main goal of this work is to deconvolve, at least partially, pressure and saturation changes from 4D data. To advance in this direction, we have inverted seismic traces to extract reliable P and S time-lapse impedance changes through 4D-seismic multi-offset simultaneous inversion. Combined with the results of time shift&lt;br&gt;inversion process we have been able to split the P Impedance changes into Velocity and density parts. As Pressure does not impact the density in first approximation it is theoretically possible to approach pressure and saturation evolutions within the reservoir. A first step of well inversion tie have been performed and shows very consistent results..
Dynamic assignment of orthogonal variable-spreading-factor codes in W-CDMA (2000)

This paper presents an optimal dynamic code assignment (DCA) scheme using orthogonal variable-spreading-factor (OVSF) codes. The objective of dynamic code assignment is to enhance statistical multiplexing and spectral efficiency of W-CDMA systems supporting variable user data rates. Our scheme is optimal in the sense that it minimizes the number of OVSF codes that must be reassigned to support a new call. By admitting calls that would normally be blocked without code reassignments, the spectral efficiency of the system is also maximized. Simulation results are presented to show the performance gain of dynamic code assignment compared to a static assignment scheme in terms of call blocking rate and spectral efficiency. We also discuss various signaling techniques of implementing our proposed DCA scheme in third-generation wideband CDMA systems.
Assesment of Macintosh Laryngoscope and Truview EVO2 Video-laryngoscope With Respect to Hemodynamic and Intubation Quality in Patients With Presumptive Difficult Intubation (2011)

This study aims to compare Macintosh laryngoscope and Truview EVO2 video-laryngoscope with respect to the quality of glottic image, the success rate of intubation and their impact on the duration of intubation, hemodynamic responses and also related complications in patients with expected difficult intubation according to the Mallampati scoring system.Sixty patients in ASA I-II group ranging from 18-65 years of age were included in the study.Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 30 cases as group M (the group intubated with Macintosh laryngoscope) and Group V (the group intubated with Truview EVO2 video-laryngoscope).C-L (Cormack-Lehanne) score detected during intubation, duration of intubation, neck extansion needs, the success of intubation, complications, and antihypertensive requirement were recorded.Preoperatively, before induction, after induction, immediately after intubation, after intubation, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5 minute heart rate, systolic artesial pressure, diastolic arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure, peripheral oxygen saturation were recorded.There was a significant difference between both groups as for the quality of glottic images obtained.C-L III score was rated for 1 patient in Group M, and 10 patients in Group V (p<0.05) .Duration of intubation was 23 secs in Group M, and 42 secs in Group V, respectively (p<0.05).During intubation neck extension was significantly higher in Group M (p<0.05).Bleeding complication was observed in one patient's mouth during intubation in Group M while no complications were observed in Group V (p>0.05) .Number of attempts of intubation, hemodynamic parameters and need for antihypertensive showed no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05).Truview EVO2 video-laryngoscope may be preferred to Macintosh blade laryngoscope because of better glottic and orafaringeal image acquisition in patients expected with difficult intubation and providing successful intubation in patients with contraindicated neck extension.
Twenty Second Synthesis of Pd Nanourchins with High Electrochemical Activity through an Electrochemical Route (2010)

A rapid, templateless, surfactantless, electrochemical route is reported to synthesize uniform and clean Pd nanoparticles (∼350 nm in diameter) with a substructure of sharp nanospikes (∼95 nm in length). The effects of electrodeposition potential, PdCl(2) concentration, and supporting electrolyte were explored for the formation of the Pd nanourchins. The systematic studies revealed that the concentration of Pd(II) greatly affects the density of the nanospikes on the Pd nanourchins in this short-time synthesis. The substructure of the nanospikes on the nanourchins was examined to be a single-crystal quadrangular pyramid. Further investigation of the Pd nanourchins by cyclic voltammetry (CV) showed their high electrochemical activity toward formic acid oxidation.
Observations of Pulsar Spectra (1970)

Analysis of multichannel radio observations of pulsars has demonstrated slow systematic drifting of spectral features of CP 0834, CP 1133, and CP 1919. An interpretation of the data witha sim le inter- stellar-scintillation model determines transverse velocities of 100 km s-i for the pulsar wit respect to the interstellar medium and Earth. Additionally, the widths of spectral features of CP 0328 ,CP0834, and CP 1919 are found to scale approximately as the fourth power of frequency, in agreement with the model.
Mapping cells through time and space with moscot (2023)

Abstract Single-cell genomics technologies enable multimodal profiling of millions of cells across temporal and spatial dimensions. Experimental limitations prevent the measurement of all-encompassing cellular states in their native temporal dynamics or spatial tissue niche. Optimal transport theory has emerged as a powerful tool to overcome such constraints, enabling the recovery of the original cellular context. However, most algorithmic implementations currently available have not kept up the pace with increasing dataset complexity, so that current methods are unable to incorporate multimodal information or scale to single-cell atlases. Here, we introduce multi-omics single-cell optimal transport (moscot), a general and scalable framework for optimal transport applications in single-cell genomics, supporting multimodality across all applications. We demonstrate moscot’s ability to efficiently reconstruct developmental trajectories of 1.7 million cells of mouse embryos across 20 time points and identify driver genes for first heart field formation. The moscot formulation can be used to transport cells across spatial dimensions as well: To demonstrate this, we enrich spatial transcriptomics datasets by mapping multimodal information from single-cell profiles in a mouse liver sample, and align multiple coronal sections of the mouse brain. We then present moscot.spatiotemporal, a new approach that leverages gene expression across spatial and temporal dimensions to uncover the spatiotemporal dynamics of mouse embryogenesis. Finally, we disentangle lineage relationships in a novel murine, time-resolved pancreas development dataset using paired measurements of gene expression and chromatin accessibility, finding evidence for a shared ancestry between delta and epsilon cells. Moscot is available as an easy-to-use, open-source python package with extensive documentation at https://moscot-tools.org .
Supplementary Figure 2 from Cetuximab Attenuates Metastasis and u-PAR Expression in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: u-PAR and E-Cadherin are Novel Biomarkers of Cetuximab Sensitivity (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Cetuximab Attenuates Metastasis and u-PAR Expression in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: u-PAR and E-Cadherin are Novel Biomarkers of Cetuximab Sensitivity
Reconfigurable photonics metasurfaces (2016)

The changing balance of forces at the nanoscale offers the opportunity to develop reconfigurable nanomembrane metamaterials in which thermal, electromagnetic Coulomb, Lorentz and Ampère forces can be used to control their optical properties.
Fabrication and characteristics of ZnS nanocrystals/polymer composite doped with tetraphenylbenzidine single layer structure light-emitting diode (1996)

The hexagonal ZnS nanocrystals were synthesized in polymer matrix. The ZnS polymer composite doped with tetraphenylbenzidine (TPB) as light-emitting layer was used to fabricate a single layer structure light-emitting diode which has a low turn on voltage such as 2.5 V. The electroluminescence spectrum was obtained at room temperature. Owing to the effect that TPB interacted with ZnS nanocrystal to form the luminescent center, the emission was peaking at 520 nm which shifts to the lower energy compared with that of ZnS, and the half-width of the emission was about 20 nm.
Elastic helium-scattering studies of ordered overlayers of Ar, Kkr, and Xe physisorbed on Ag(111). Interim technical report (1988)

Experiments are described that measured the angle-resolved intensity of helium (Ei=18 and 66 meV) elastically scattering from the surfaces of rare-gas overlayers physisorbed on Ag(111). These studies were done on a layer-by-layer basis for 1, 2, 3, and 25 ordered overlayers of argon, krypton, and xenon. Two types of experiments are described. The first is diffraction, where the scattered-helium intensity was measured as a function of the detector angle, with the incident polar and azimuthal angles held constant. In the second type of experiment, selective adsorption, the specular intensity was measured as a function of incident angle. The purpose of these experiments was to examine the helium-surface potential, to assess the relative contributions that various helium-rare gas pair potentials, nonadditive multibody terms, and helium-substrate interactions make to the systems studied. The experiments are compared with the results of accurate close-coupling calculations, in order to quantitatively perform these assessments. The comparisons between the selective adsorption data and scattering calculations demonstrate the extreme sensitivity that such measurements have to the helium-surface potential.
Microwave signal regeneration from mode-locked lasers with 1.9&#x00D7;10<sup>&#x2212;19</sup> stability (2008)

A 10.225-GHz microwave signal is regenerated from a 200.5-MHz repetition rate mode-locked fiber laser with 6.8 fs rms relative timing jitter in 1-MHz bandwidth integrated over 10 hours. This corresponds to a stability of 1.9×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−19</sup> .
Over-expression of extracellular superoxide dismutase in mouse synovial tissue attenuates the inflammatory arthritis (2012)

Oxidative stress such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the inflamed joint have been indicated as being involved as inflammatory mediators in the induction of arthritis. Correlations between extracellular- superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) and inflammatory arthritis have been shown in several animal models of RA. However, there is a question whether the over-expression of EC-SOD on arthritic joint also could suppress the progression of disease or not. In the present study, the effect on the synovial tissue of experimental arthritis was investigated using EC-SOD over-expressing transgenic mice. The over-expression of EC- SOD in joint tissue was confirmed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The degree of the inflammation in EC-SOD transgenic mice was suppressed in the collagen-induced arthritis model. In a cytokine assay, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as, IL-1β, TNFα, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was decreased in fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) but not in peripheral blood. Histological examination also showed repressed cartilage destruction and bone in EC-SOD transgenic mice. In conclusion, these data suggest that the over-expression of EC-SOD in FLS contributes to the activation of FLS and protection from joint destruction by depressing the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and MMPs. These results provide EC-SOD transgenic mice with a useful animal model for inflammatory arthritis research.
Cross‐Linked Hyaluronan‐Coated Stents in the Prevention of Airway Stenosis (2006)

Stents or endotracheal tubes coated with a cross-linked derivative of HA may prevent stenosis in patients without airway injury but require long-term intubation or laryngotracheal stenting.
Kinetic Analyses of Potentiation of Plasminogen Activation by Streptokinase in the Presence of Fibrin or Its Degradation Products (1987)

When Glu-plasminogen (Glu-plg) was activated by various amounts of streptokinase (SK), Km of the hydrolysis of S-2251 by the mixture of Glu-plg and SK did not change, but Vmax increased with an increase in the amount of SK. Since low concentrations of SK-plg complex do not result in its conversion to the SK-plasmin complex by mutual activation, these results seem to suggest that the SK-plg complex may be a better activator when S-2251 is used as a substrate. When Glu-plg was activated by SK in the presence of fibrin(ogen) or its degradation products (potentiating agents), Km did not change with an increase in the concentration of each potentiating agent, but Vmax increased. The effects of potentiating agents on the kcat values of these activators were in the order of fibrin greater than fibrinogen greater than D greater than E.
Flame Spray Pyrolysis of Precursors as a Route to Nano‐mullite Powder: Powder Characterization and Sintering Behavior (2001)

The flame spray pyrolysis of alcohol‐soluble precursors allows the synthesis of mullite‐composition nanopowders (average size of ∼60–100 nm) that, when annealed carefully, provide processable nano‐mullite powders. The powders have been characterized using several spectroscopic and microscopy methods, including thermal gravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Preliminary studies on the pressureless‐sintering behavior of these powders are presented. Without additives or any efforts to optimize the process, powder compacts could be sintered to relative densities of &gt;90%, with grain sizes of &lt;500 nm at 1600°C.
Modeling Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Technology for Seed Planting Depth Detection using Numerical Scheme based on Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Method (2016)

<abstract> <b><sc>Abstract.</sc></b> Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is an electromagnetic (EM) signal based technology, commonly used as a non-destructive technique to explore subsurface features and identify different depth profiles in materials. The overall goals of this work is to evaluate GPR for non-destructive mapping of seed planting depth. Soils are inherently complex materials and numerous factors affect GPR behavior. The fundamental factors affecting GPR response are dielectric permittivity, magnetic permeability, and electrical conductivity, which are influenced by soil bulk density, texture, salinity, organic matter, volumetric water content, seed properties and physical geometry. To successfully optimize GPR‘s ability to detect seed planting depth, the influence of these factors must be evaluated. This paper describes the development of a single dimensional GPR simulation model, based on finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, to evaluate the use of GPR sensing of seed planting depth. The simulation results shows that the EM signal is highly sensitive to high values of the electrical conductivity. High permittivity values decrease the EM signal velocity, wavelength and strength. A combination of these two properties leads to a significant EM signal attenuation ranging from 0 to ~ 800 dBm-1 as the signal traverses through the soil and seed. The lack of sufficient dielectric contrast between soil and seed presents a challenge on the detectability of the reflected signal by the radar receiver, therefore a sufficient dielectric contrast between the soil and seed has to be present to allow the GPR to be a viable tool to map the seed planting depth.
Atypical Yersinia enterocolitica: clinical and epidemiological parameters (1978)

Infections due to biochemically typical Yersinia enterocolitica usually present as gastroenteritis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, terminal ileitis, and septicemia often with visceral abscesses. In these instances, the isolates have been biochemically typical and of well-established serotypes, namely 0:3 or 0:9 and, in the United States, 0:5 or 0:8. The recovery, recognition, and significance of biochemically and serologically atypical Y. enterocolitica in human infections has proceeded more slowly. From an analysis of the clinical histories of 20 patients infected with 21 such aberrant Y. enterocolitica, it appears that these strains are of restricted pathogenic potential, producing various clinical entities such as localized skin abscesses, conjunctivitis, self-limiting enteritis, and wound and urinary tract infections in hosts with predisposing factors. Epidemiologically, whereas episodic acquisition of atypical strains by hospitalized patients is indicative of nosocomial transmission, in the present series sporadic isolations over a 4-year period, mainly from ambulatory patients, suggest an occult reservoir in the community serviced by The Mount Sinai Hospital. In contrast to typical Y. enterocolitica, which has become well adapted in animal and human hosts, it appears that environmental strains may be in the evolutionary process of becoming adapted to humans.
Failure of chronic hyperinsulinemia to suppress pancreatic glucagon in vivo in the rat (1991)

To determine the effects of chronic hyperinsulinemia on glucagon release, rats were made hyperinsulinemic for 14 days by supplementation of drinking water with sucrose (10%; sucrose-fed) to increase endogenous release or by implantation of osmotic minipumps (subcutaneous, s.c.; or intraperitoneal, i.p.) to deliver exogenous insulin (6 U/day). Both s.c. and i.p. rats also had sucrose in the drinking water to prevent hypoglycemia. Plasma insulin levels were significantly elevated in sucrose-fed, s.c., and i.p. rats. However, glucose levels were significantly elevated in sucrose-fed rats only. Surprisingly, plasma glucagon concentrations were elevated in i.p. and s.c. rats and were not suppressed in sucrose-fed rats. Inverse relationships were found between the plasma levels of insulin and glucose (n = 65; r = -0.42, p less than 0.0001) and between glucose and glucagon (n = 73; r = -0.46, p less than 0.0001). However, unexpectedly, a positive correlation between insulin and glucagon (n = 65; r = 0.47, p less than 0.0001) was established. As suppression of plasma glucagon levels below basal was not observed in any of the hyperinsulinemic or hyperglycemic rats, we wished to establish further whether pancreatic glucagon release could be suppressed below basal levels in the rat by another means. Thus, high doses of somatostatin (50-100 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) were infused for 45 min into normal rats without or with a concomitant hyperinsulinemic, hyperglycemic glucose clamp. Somatostatin fully suppressed insulin, but although plasma glucagon levels were decreased by somatostatin infusion relative to saline-infused animals, there was still no suppression below basal levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Self-compression of ultrashort pulses in filaments (2006)

We report the self-compression of linearly and circularly polarized light pulses down to the few-cycle regime by self-guided beam propagation of intense 38-fs pulses in different gases with uniform density and with a pressure gradient.
Role of individual drugs in the chemotherapy of tuberculosis. (2000)

During the course of chemotherapy, certain drugs are predominant in their bactericidal activities. Isoniazid is responsible for an initial kill of about 95% of organisms during the first 2 days of treatment. Its bactericidal role is then replaced by rifampicin and pyrazinamide during the intensive phase. In the continuation phase with an isoniazid/rifampicin regimen, rifampicin is the only effective drug against persisters, as shown by the similarity of response by patients with initially isoniazid-resistant or sensitive strains. If the continuation phase regimen does not contain rifampicin but does contain isoniazid, the dominant bactericidal drug is isoniazid. In this case, the response of patients with initial isoniazid resistance is appreciably less good than in those with sensitive organisms. The review suggests exploration in randomised control trials of a continuation phase of rifampicin (or rifapentine) alone. It also suggests the importance of the dose size of rifampicin and the need for exploring a higher dose. Finally, it emphasises the importance of finding drugs that act on persisting organisms that are phenotypically but not genetically resistant to rifampicin.
Optical compensation of system impairments (2006)

Summary form only for tutorial. This paper discusses an optical means for correcting deterministic impairments. Two main types of system impairments in optical links are enumerated: nondeterministic and deterministic impairments. Electrical and optical compensation which are often called equalization are used to overcome deterministic impairment systems.
Longitudinal Associations of Phospholipid and Cholesteryl Ester Fatty Acids With Disorders Underlying Diabetes (2016)

In a Canadian population at risk for diabetes, we found that higher PL stearate and GLA and lower cis-vaccenic acid predicted consistently lower IS and β-cell function over 6 years.