gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cultivando alternativas al petróleo (2006)

This review was derived from a presentation made on September 2, 2016 for the first Academy Day presented by the Working Party on Immunohematology at the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) Congress in Dubai. The focus of this review is to provide a brief overview of the clinical significance of blood group antibodies. Blood group antibodies can be naturally occurring (e.g., anti-A and anti-B through exposure to naturally occurring red blood cell [RBC] antigen-like substances) or can occur via exposure to foreign (donor) RBC antigens through previous transfusions, transplants, or exposure to fetal RBCs during or after pregnancy. However, not all blood group antibodies are clinically significant. Clinically significant blood group antibodies can cause adverse events after blood component transfusion or transplantation and/or can cause hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn.
Changes in coagulation factors by passage through a dextran sulfate cellulose column during low-density lipoprotein apheresis. (1992)

To determine the extent of adsorption of coagulation factors by a dextran sulfate cellulose column used for selective removal of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), various coagulation factors were measured before and after application to the column during LDL apheresis. The column almost completely adsorbed many coagulation factors. Although the bradykinin concentration was markedly increased by passing the plasma through the column, this increment was suppressed by nafamostat mesilate which inhibits the initial contact phase of the intrinsic coagulation pathway. The von Willebrand factor, which forms a complex with factor VIII in plasma, is reduced in apheresis with nafamostat mesilate to the same extent as in apheresis without nafamostat mesilate. Thus, coagulation factors seem to be adsorbed by different mechanisms which include activation of the initial contact phase by the negative charges of dextran sulfate and concomitant adsorption with the phospholipid portion of lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B or with von Willebrand factor.
Transforming growth factor beta signaling is disabled early in human endometrial carcinogenesis concomitant with loss of growth inhibition. (2002)

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), a potent ubiquitous endogenous inhibitor of epithelial cell growth, is secreted as a latent molecule (LTGF-beta)requiring activation for function. TGF-beta signals through the type I(TbetaRI) and type II (TbetaRII) receptors, which cooperate to phosphorylate/activate Smad2/3, the transcriptional regulators of genes that induce cell cycle arrest. That carcinomas grow in vivo suggests that they are refractory to TGF-beta. However, this has been difficult to prove because of an inability to analyze the functional status of TGF-beta in vivo as well as lack of close physiological paradigms for carcinoma cells in vitro. The current studies demonstrate that whereas primary cultures of endometrial epithelial cells derived from normal proliferative endometrium (PE; n = 10) were dose-dependently and maximally growth inhibited by 55% +/- 5.3% with 10 pM TGF-beta1, endometrial epithelial cells derived from endometrial carcinomas (ECAs; n = 10) were unresponsive (P < or = 0.0066). To determine the mechanism of TGF-beta resistance in ECAs, we analyzed the TGF-beta signaling pathway in vivo by immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies to TbetaRI and TbetaRII, Smads, and to the phosphorylated form of Smad2 (Smad2P), an indicator of cells responding to bioactive TGF-beta. Smad2P was expressed in all of the normal endometria (n = 25), and was localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus in PE, and only nuclear in the secretory endometrium. In marked contrast, Smad2P immunostaining was weak or undetectable in ECA (n = 22; P < or = 0.001) and reduced in glandular hyperplasia (n = 25) compared with normal endometrium. However, total Smad2 and Smad7 (which inhibits Smad2 activation) levels were identical in ECA and normal tissue. Consistent with loss of downstream signaling, both TbetaRI (n = 19) and TbetaRII (n = 22) protein expression were significantly reduced in ECA compared with PE (n = 11; P < or = 0.05). By in situ hybridization, the mRNA levels of TbetaRI and TbetaRII were decreased in the carcinoma cells compared with normal PE glands, suggesting that receptor down-regulation occurs at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, a somatic frameshift mutation in the polyadenine tract at the 5' end of the TbetaR-II gene was detected in two of six cases examined. Finally, the ability of explants of ECA to activate endogenous LTGF-beta was deficient compared with normal tissue (23.5% versus 7.4%). Therefore, our results suggest that loss of Smad2 signaling in ECA may be because of down-regulation of TbetaRI and TbetaRII, and/or decreased activation of LTGF-beta. Because disruption of TGF-beta signaling occurred independent of grade or degree of invasion and was evident in premalignant hyperplasia, we conclude that inactivation of TGF-beta signaling leading to escape from normal growth control occurs at an early stage in endometrial carcinogenesis, thereby defining novel molecular targets for cancer prevention.
First Demonstration of AlSiO as Gate Dielectric in GaN FETs; Applied to a High Performance OG-FET (2017)

Gate dielectricplays an integral role in advancing the performance and reliability of GaN-based transistors. Si-alloying of aluminum oxide (Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) dielectrics have been shown to provide a promising route to improve gate dielectric properties in GaN. In this letter, we report on the first demonstration of a GaN FET with aluminum silicon oxide (AlSiO) as the gate dielectric. Vertical normally-off GaN MOSFETs were fabricated on bulk GaN substrate. Excellent dc performance was achieved with a breakdown voltage of 1.2 kV, an on-resistance of 2 mΩ.cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and a threshold voltage of 1.5 V (defined at I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DS</sub> = 1 μA/mm). A high breakdown electric-field of 2.3 MV/cm was calculated in these devices. In addition to vertical GaN MOSFET results, a comparative study of Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> and AlSiO-based in situ GaN MOS capacitors, including time-dependent dielectric breakdown characteristics is also presented.
Model and predict age and sex in healthy subjects using brain white matter features: A deep learning approach (2022)

The human brain's white matter (WM) structure is of immense interest to the scientific community. Diffusion MRI gives a powerful tool to describe the brain WM structure noninvasively. To potentially enable monitoring of age-related changes and investigation of sex-related brain structure differences on the mapping between the brain connectome and healthy subjects' age and sex, we extract fiber-cluster-based diffusion features and predict sex and age with a novel ensembled neural network classifier. We conduct experiments on the Human Connectome Project (HCP) young adult dataset and show that our model achieves 94.82% accuracy in sex prediction and 2.51 years MAE in age prediction. We also show that the fractional anisotropy (FA) is the most predictive of sex, while the number of fibers is the most predictive of age and the combination of different features can improve the model performance.
Wittkowski and Colleagues Respond (1999)

Wittkowski and Colleagues Respond Knut Wittkowski, Ezra Susser, and Klaus Dietz CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.89.1.109 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Cryo-EM Structure of an Atypical Proton-Coupled Peptide Transporter: Di- and Tripeptide Permease C (2022)

Proton-coupled Oligopeptide Transporters (POTs) of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) mediate the uptake of short di- and tripeptides in all phyla of life. POTs are thought to constitute the most promiscuous class of MFS transporters, with the potential to transport more than 8400 unique substrates. Over the past two decades, transport assays and biophysical studies have shown that various orthologues and paralogues display differences in substrate selectivity. The <i>E. coli</i> genome codes for four different POTs, known as Di- and tripeptide permeases A-D (DtpA-D). DtpC was shown previously to favor positively charged peptides as substrates. In this study, we describe, how we determined the structure of the 53 kDa DtpC by cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), and provide structural insights into the ligand specificity of this atypical POT. We collected and analyzed data on the transporter fused to split superfolder GFP (split sfGFP), in complex with a 52 kDa Pro-macrobody and with a 13 kDa nanobody. The latter sample was more stable, rigid and a significant fraction dimeric, allowing us to reconstruct a 3D volume of DtpC at a resolution of 2.7 Å. This work provides a molecular explanation for the selectivity of DtpC, and highlights the value of small and rigid fiducial markers such as nanobodies for structure determination of low molecular weight integral membrane proteins lacking soluble domains.
The association between missing teeth and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults (2018)

The number of missing teeth was associated with a higher presence of NAFLD in males but not females.
Redox-Active Metal Oxides (2016)

Dr. Raptis obtained his Ph.D in Inorganic Chemistry from Texas A & M University. His research is focused on the synthesis of novel metal complexes with unusual topologies, electron transfer and magnetic properties. The synthesis and study of a new class of iron-based MRI contrast agents has been a major theme of his recent work. The study of porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for the selective sorption of gases is a new direction currently pursued by Dr. Raptis’ laboratory. Susana Herrera (Logesh Mathivathanan, Raphael G, Raptis) “Bio-inspired Dinuclear Copper Oxygenation Catalysts: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity Studies” Zimarayn Urdaneta (D.I. Kreiger, Raphael G. Raptis) “Studies Toward Copper Pyrazolate Based Water Oxidation” Raphael G. Raptis (Raphael G. Raptis) “Redox-Active Metal Oxides”
Parallel algorithms for hierarchical clustering (1995)

Hierarchical clustering is a common method used to determine clusters of similar data points in multidimensional spaces. O(n2) algorithms are known for this problem [3,4,11,19]. This paper reviews important results for sequential algorithms and describes previous work on parallel algorithms for hierarchical clustering. Parallel algorithms to perform hierarchical clustering using several distance metrics are then described. Optimal PRAM algorithms using n/log n processors are given for the average link, complete link, centroid, median, and minimum variance metrics. Optimal butterfly and tree algorithms using n/log n processors are given for the centroid, median, and minimum variance metrics. Optimal asymptotic speedups are achieved for the best practical algorithm to perform clustering using the single link metric on a n/log n processor PRAM, butterfly, or tree.
Internal Water Dynamics Control the Transglycosylation/Hydrolysis Balance in the Agarase (AgaD) of Zobellia galactanivorans (2017)

In retaining glycoside hydrolases (GHs), transglycosylase activity is often low due to the natural hydrolytic activity that is favored in water. Improving the relative transglycosylase activity of these enzymes is of particular interest to obtain enzymes suitable for the synthesis of oligosaccharides. We explored the effect of engineering the water dynamics within the endo-β-agarase AgaD on the transglycosylation/hydrolysis (T/H) balance. By mutating three amino acids (D341, Q342, and S351), which could control water access to a putative water channel ending close to the active site, we obtained AgaD variants with an inverted T/H balance. For the best mutant, D341L/Q342H/S351F, the hydrolysis activity was reduced 50-fold in comparison to the wild type, while the transglycosylase activity was maintained and even slightly improved. This variant produced a large amount of oligo-agaroses by a disproportionation reaction with deca-agarose as the substrate. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that these enzymatic modifications were correlated with higher water dynamics, as revealed by a marked reduction in the water survival time and a decrease in the purge time of water in a channel ending close to the active site. These results suggest that modifying the water dynamics in GHs could be a rational basis for engineering of transglycosylase activity.
Propulsion of particles using ultrathin optical fibers (2015)

Propulsion of polystyrene particles under the evanescent field of higher order microfiber modes was studied. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrated much faster speeds for particles under higher order mode propulsion compared with the fundamental mode.
P3526Heart Failure hospitalization and mortality in non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation: The ENGAGE-AF TIMI 48 Trial (2019)

Abstract Introduction Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Heart Failure (HF) represents the most common CV complication, more common than thromboembolic events. Purpose We aimed to determine clinical factors associated with HF hospitalization and mortality in a contemporary cohort of patients with AF without previous history of HF. Methods The Effective Anticoagulation with Factor Xa Next Generation in AF–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 48 (ENGAGE-AF TIMI 48) study tested the oral factor Xa inhibitor edoxaban in comparison with warfarin for the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism, in 21,105 patients with AF. We assessed the composite endpoint of HF hospitalization, death due to HF or sudden cardiac death in 8981 patients without a history of HF. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the significant clinical predictors associated with the endpoint of interest. Results Over a median follow-up of 2.8 years, 589 patients (6.5%) experienced the composite endpoint. Older patients, cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, heart valve disease), history of stroke and coronary artery disease, impaired renal function (ClCr ≤50 ml/min), heart rate at baseline and diuretic use were associated with increased risk of the composite endpoint (model c-statistic 0.66) (Figure 1). Outcomes were not affected by randomization to edoxaban or warfarin. In patients with available cardiac-derived biomarkers, elevated levels of both NT-proBNP and Troponin I were significantly associated with the endpoint after adjustment for the clinical predictors (Figure 1). The addition of the biomarkers to clinical predictors enhanced risk estimation (c-statistics 0.69, NRI 0.40, IDI 0.01, all p&lt;0.001 for NT-proBNP and c-statistics 0.70, NRI 0.43, IDI 0.03, all p&lt;0.001 for Troponin I). Figure 1 Conclusions HF hospitalization and mortality are important complications in AF patients without a history of HF. The addition of cardiac biomarkers to clinical characteristics enhances risk estimation. These findings may improve risk stratification.
New HTS Conductor Design for Large Scale Applications (2021)

We propose a new design of high-performance HTS cable and CICC conductor for large magnet application, including magnets for prospective thermonuclear installations. The design allows a large number of HTS REBCO tapes to be assembled in a relatively small cable diameter. In this case, the cable is made according to the full transposition scheme with the calculated the critical current value equal to 30-150 kA. One of the main problems that needs to be solved for the successful implementation of thermonuclear projects is the creation of high-current conductors for toroidal field coils (TF) and Central Solenoid (CS) sections. For the successful solution of this problem, development of a HTS conductor with a high engineering current density in strong magnetic fields up to 20 T is required. There should be enough space in the conductor structure, for the allocation of stabilizing and strengthening materials, and for cooling channels. Preliminary calculations show that for various electromagnetic subsystems of a thermonuclear reactor, the required engineering current density in the conductor should be about 100 A/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> or more. The report provides an analysis of the previously proposed design options for high-current conductors based on HTS REBCO materials and proposes a new one. Original design solution allows engineering current density along the HTS cable up to several hundred amperes per square millimeter in magnetic fields 16 – 20 T to be achieved.
A 3D shape retrieval system. (1991)

NTTヒューマンインタフェース研究所では,立体形状検索システムの開発を行っている。このシステムは,立体物の形状を超二次関数という数式で記述しており,ユーザが普段立体を表現するために使う言葉やスケッチにより立体形状を指示するだけで,それに類似した画像を検索することができる。この超二次関数は,少ないパラメータで多様な形状を表現でき,言葉と結び付けやすいといった特徴を有する。この関数パラメータを用いることで,三次元形状を客観的な数値データに変換することができ,言葉による変形操作を可能にしている。本稿では,超二次関数の特徴を述べ,検索システムの検索方法について紹介する。
Transformer-Less Boost Converter With Reduced Voltage Stress for High Voltage Step-Up Applications (2021)

In this article, a new transformer-less boost converter (TBC) is proposed to achieve high step-up voltage with a reduced voltage across switches. The proposed topology has the advantage of providing a high voltage gain, low voltage stress on the active switches, simplified control, and high efficiency. The structure is derived by modifying the classical switched inductor boost converter (SIBC) by replacing two of the diodes with a capacitor and a control switch, which results in a total output voltage equally shared by the two switches. Thus, the proposed converter needs a lesser number of diodes than the conventional SIBC, where the two active switches equally share the total output voltage and thereby reducing the voltage stress across the switches to half. Hence, low voltage rating switches can be used to design the proposed TBC structure. Also, a higher voltage gain is achieved using TBC without increasing the number of components of the existing SIBC. Furthermore, the proposed converter provides the common ground connection of source and load. The detailed analysis, effect of nonidealities, design, and comparison are presented. The experimental results of the proposed TBC are presented to validate its functionality and theoretical analysis.
Incomplete penetrance of a novel SDHD variation causing familial head and neck paraganglioma (2021)

Main outcomes were clinical analysis and SDH genotyping RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: A novel heterozygous c.298delA frameshift variation in exon 3 of SDH subunit D (SDHD) was associated with a paternal transmission pattern of PGL in affected family members available to the study. Family history over five generations in adulthood indicated a variable penetrance for PGL inheritance in older generations. The c.298delA variant would cause translation of a 34-residue C-terminus distal to lysine residue 99 in the predicted transmembrane domain II of the full-length sequence p.(Thr100LeufsTer35) and would affect the translation products of all protein-coding SDHD isoforms containing transmembrane topologies required for positional integration in the inner mitochondrial membrane and complex formation. These results underly the importance of genetic screening for PGL also in cases of unclear inheritance, and variation carriers should benefit from screening and lifelong follow-up.
‘A World Turned Upside Down’: Mobilising Women for the Revolution (2012)

On 1 May 1928 the thirty-three-year-old Xiang Jingyu, first director of the Chinese Communist Party’s Women’s Bureau, was publicly executed in Wuhan (capital of Hubei province) on the orders of the newly established Nationalist (Guomindang) regime. Xiang’s execution marked the final and tragic end to an extraordinary period in the twentieth-century history of Chinese women, when they had been mobilised in unprecedented numbers to participate in the cause of national revolution, a revolution led by an alliance (the United Front) that had been forged in 1923 between the Nationalists and the Chinese Communist Party in the quest to rid the country of provincial and local warlords and reunite the country under a more legitimate government. With the breakup of the United Front in 1927 and the violent suppression of the CCP by the Nationalists, Xiang had had to operate underground before finally being apprehended in the French Concession area of Hankou (one of the three ‘sub-cities’ making up Wuhan, the others being Hanyang and Wuchang) and handed over to Nationalist authorities. Like her predecessor, Qiu Jin, Xiang’s death earned her subsequent mythologisation in Chinese communist historiography as a martyred heroine who unflinchingly sacrificed her life for a grand cause — in Xiang’s case the communist revolution.
Efficient Cloning and Sequence Validation of Repetitive and High GC-Content Short Hairpin RNAs (2022)

Short hairpin RNAs, or short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), are a proven tool for gene knockdown and a promising therapeutic approach for suppression of disease-associated genes. The efficient preparation of shRNA-expressing vectors can sometimes become a bottleneck due to the complexity of shRNA hairpin sequence and structure, especially for repetitive or high GC-content targets. Here, we present improved shRNA cloning and validation methods that enabled efficient and rapid cloning of several shRNAs targeting disease-associated repeat expansions, including GGGGCC, CAG, CTG, CCTG, and CGG into modified pLKO.1 vectors. Improvements included shRNA insert design and preparation, recombination-based cloning, and sequencing-based validation that included Sanger and nanopore long-read sequencing. This improved method should enable practical, efficient cloning of nearly any shRNA sequence.
Long-term enhancement of hippocampal synaptic transmission and the acquisition of spatial information (1986)

The hypothesis that memories are stored as a specific distribution of strengths in a population of modifiable synapses was examined by the bilateral induction of long-term enhancement in synapses of the main afferent fiber system to the hippocampal formation in rats. Brief, high-frequency activation of the perforant pathway in chronically prepared animals resulted in a persistent increase in the field EPSP and population spike, measured extracellularly in fascia dentata. This treatment resulted in a profound and persistent deficit in the acquisition of new spatial information in a task requiring spatial "reference" memory, and disruption of recently acquired spatial information. Well-established spatial memory was completely unaffected, however, as was the acquisition of spatial information into short-term "working" memory. These results support the hypothesis that, during the formation of "cognitive maps," spatial information must be temporarily stored at modifiable synapses at the input stage to the hippocampal formation, but that this information is not needed once the representation of the environment is well established. Spatial working memory, in a familiar environment, appears not to depend on the distribution of synaptic strengths in this system at all.