gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Extracellular Vesicles from Osteogenic Differentiated Human BMSCs on Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation Capacity of Naïve Human BMSCs (2022)

Osteoporosis, or steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the hip, is accompanied by increased bone marrow adipogenesis. Such a disorder of adipogenic/osteogenic differentiation, affecting bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), contributes to bone loss during aging. Here, we investigated the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from human (h)BMSCs during different stages of osteogenic differentiation on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacity of naïve (undifferentiated) hBMSCs. We observed that all EV groups increased viability and proliferation capacity and suppressed the apoptosis of naïve hBMSCs. In particular, EVs derived from hBMSCs at late-stage osteogenic differentiation promoted the osteogenic potential of naïve hBMSCs more effectively than EVs derived from naïve hBMSCs (naïve EVs), as indicated by the increased gene expression of COL1A1 and OPN. In contrast, the adipogenic differentiation capacity of naïve hBMSCs was inhibited by treatment with EVs from osteogenic differentiated hBMSCs. Proteomic analysis revealed that osteogenic EVs and naïve EVs contained distinct protein profiles, with pro-osteogenic and anti-adipogenic proteins encapsulated in osteogenic EVs. We speculate that osteogenic EVs could serve as an intercellular communication system between bone- and bone-marrow adipose tissue, for transporting osteogenic factors and thus favoring pro-osteogenic processes. Our data may support the theory of an endocrine circuit with the skeleton functioning as a ductless gland.
The effects of abomasal infusions of glucose or casein on milk yield and on some blood constituents of dairy cows in early and late lactations (1984)

Abomasal infusion of casein has been shown to increase the milk yield, fat yield, protein content and protein yield while no clear-cut effects were observed with infusion of glucose (Ørskov, Grubb and Kay, 1977 and confirmed by Oldham, Bines and MacRae, 1983). Little information is available about the changes in blood parameters with abomasal infusion of glucose or casein. The objective of the present experiments was to relate changes in milk production to blood parameters in dairy cows given casein or glucose as an infusion into the abomasum during early or late lactation.
InAs Nanowire MOS Capacitors (2008)

We present a capacitance-voltage study for arrays of vertical InAs nanowires. MOS capacitors are obtained by insulating the nanowires with a conformal 10nm HfO2 layer and using a top Cr/Au metallization as one of the capacitor's electrodes. The described fabrication and characterization technique enables a systematic investigation of the carrier density in the nanowires as well as of the quality of the MOS interface.
Mechanical Performance of Multidirectional Buckling-Based Negative Stiffness Metamaterials: An Analytical and Numerical Study (2018)

Unidirectional, bidirectional and tridirectional Buckling-based Negative Stiffness (BNS) lattice metamaterials are designed by adding prefabricated curved beams into multidimensional rigid frames. Finite Element Analysis models are built, and their mechanical performance is investigated and discussed. First, geometric parameters of the curved beam were systematically studied with numerical analyses and the results were validated by theoretical solutions. Next, within unidirectional designs of different layer numbers, the basic properties of multilayer BNS metamaterials were revealed via quasi-static compressions. Then, the bidirectional and tridirectional designs were loaded on orthogonal axes to research both the quasi-static and dynamic behaviors. For dynamic analysis conditions, simulation scenarios of different impact velocities were implemented and compared. The results demonstrate that the proposed numerical analysis step has accurately predicted the force-displacement relations of both the curved beam and multilayer designs and the relations can be tuned via different geometric parameters. Moreover, the macroscopic performance of the metamaterials is sensitive to the rigidity of supporting frames. The shock force during impact is reduced down below the buckling thresholds of metamaterial designs and sharp impact damage is avoided. The presented metamaterials are able to undergo multiaxial stress conditions while retaining the negative stiffness effect and energy-absorbing nature and possess abundant freedom of parametric design, which is potentially useful in shock and vibration engineering.
Mediation of calcium-independent contraction in trabecular meshwork through protein kinase C and rho-A. (2000)

The data indicate that contrary to CM, the TM features calcium-independent contractile mechanisms linked to rho-A and PKC isoforms that do not require calcium for activation. ROCK inhibitors may allow specific modulation of the TM to enhance outflow facility, thus lowering intraocular pressure.
SYNTHESIS OF (E,E)-BIS(ARYLCYCLOPROPYL) SULFONES FROM NOVEL (E,E)-BIS(STYRYL) SULFONES (1991)

(1991). SYNTHESIS OF (E,E)-BIS(ARYLCYCLOPROPYL) SULFONES FROM NOVEL (E,E)-BIS(STYRYL) SULFONES. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 633-638.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Antibody blockade of the Cripto CFC domain suppresses tumor cell growth in vivo. (2003)

Cripto, a cell surface-associated protein belonging to the EGF-CFC family of growth factor-like molecules, is overexpressed in many human solid tumors, including 70-80% of breast and colon tumors, yet how it promotes cell transformation is unclear. During embryogenesis, Cripto complexes with Alk4 via its unique cysteine-rich CFC domain to facilitate signaling by the TGF- ligand Nodal. We report, for the first time to our knowledge, that Cripto can directly bind to another TGF- ligand, Activin B, and that Cripto overexpression blocks Activin B growth inhibition of breast cancer cells. This result suggests a novel mechanism for antagonizing Activin signaling that could promote tumorigenesis by deregulating growth homeostasis. We show that an anti-CFC domain antibody, A8.G3.5, both disrupts Cripto-Nodal signaling and reverses Cripto blockade of Activin Binduced growth suppression by blocking Cripto's association with either Alk4 or Activin B. In two xenograft models, testicular and colon cancer, A8.G3.5 inhibited tumor cell growth by up to 70%. Both Nodal and Activin B expression was found in the xenograft tumor, suggesting that either ligand could be promoting tumorigenesis. These data validate that functional blockade of Cripto inhibits tumor growth and highlight antibodies that block Cripto signaling mediated through its CFC domain as an important class of antibodies for further therapeutic development.
Correlation-based technique for automated tunable diode laser scan stabilization (1992)

A software-based method for real-time, active stabilization of tunable diode laser spectral scans is described. The procedure is suitable for use with field and laboratory instrumentation where automated, unattended spectrometer operation is required. An autocorrelation of two high-resolution reference gas infrared spectra is computed at regular intervals, and the location of the maximum value of the autocorrelation provides the relative abscissa shift between the spectra. Small adjustments to the laser scan parameters are thereby made to ensure that drifts in the laser output frequency are tracked and compensated. Calculations required for stabilization of a 512-point spectrum can be completed in under 25 ms using an inexpensive, moderate-speed, array processor installed in a PC.
Chiral resolution of atropine, homatropine and eight synthetic tropinyl and piperidinyl esters by capillary zone electrophoresis with cyclodextrin additives (1999)

Chiral resolution of atropine, homatropine and eight synthetic tropinyl and piperidinyl esters were studied by capillary zone electrophoresis with cyclodextrin additives. Atropine and eight synthetic derivatives were successfully resolved by heptakis-(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin (TM-β-CD) at concentrations ranging from 10 to 40 mM. Homatropine was baseline resolved by 10 mM β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), respectively. The developed method was employed for the determination of atropine enantiomers in human serum.
Sample-Rate Selection (2010)

This chapter discusses the selection of sampling rate for a digital control system. As the sampling rate is increased, the performance of the digital controller usually improves. Computer cost also increases because less time is available to process the controller equations. Reducing the sample rate for the sake of reducing cost, however, may degrade system performance or even cause instability. Additionally, for systems with analog-to-digital converters, higher sample rates require faster A/D conversion speed which may also be expensive. Sampling is the process of deriving a discrete-time sequence from a continuous-time function. The main objective of many digital control system designs is to select a controller so that the system-tracking output, as nearly as possible, tracks or “follows” the tracking command input. An interesting problem involving the sample rate selection is encountered in the control system design of flexible spacecraft.
Cost‐Effectiveness of Telavancin versus Vancomycin for Treatment of Complicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections (2008)

Telavancin LOS(ir) and total COST(ir) were similar to those of vancomycin for the treatment of cSSSIs. Particularly in those infected with MRSA, telavancin may be more cost-effective than vancomycin over the range of acquisition prices tested.
Dynamic resource allocation in QoS-enabled/MPLS supported virtual private networks and its Linux based implementation (2003)

This paper describes a proposal for the support of quality of service over virtual private networks (VPN). We combine DiffServ, MPLS and a dynamic resource allocation technique in order to provide a QoS-enabled VPN. We apply dynamic resource allocation using traffic predictors. Our predictor assumes that the statistical behavior of aggregate traffic streams is statistically described through /spl alpha/-stable long-range dependent stochastic processes. This is a valid assumption, since some of the authors of this work proved in the past that such distributions more accurately describe aggregate traffic passing through modern networks as compared to earlier models. In our work, we investigate a scenario in which the service provider establishes service level agreements (SLA) with the customers, where the resources and QoS requirements are defined. When operating the network, the provider uses dynamic resource allocation algorithms to pace and forward traffic while optimizing the resource utilization. The conceptual architecture of this technology is provided along with a description of our Linux-based experimental testbed. We also discuss some important performance considerations obtained through extensive computer simulations.
Design of nonlinear PID-smith predictor controllers with large time delays (2015)

The process with large time delay exhibit poor stability and significant overshoot with a conventional Smith Predictor or by using a simple PID controller. This is mainly because the additional phase lag contributed by the time delay tends to destabilize the closed loop system. In this work, an improvement by introducing a non-linear PID controller in a Smith predictor compensator is proposed. Therefore, it's important to note that the method can guarantee a small time response and a little overshoot than the conventional Smith predictor controller for a bounded non-linear gain in the sector. Finally, a numerical example is presented to show the applicability and performances of the proposed design.
A topological model for predicting adsorption energies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on late-transition metal surfaces (2018)

We introduce and validate by first-principles calculations an analogy between metal coordination chemistry and the adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at metal surfaces for the derivation of a model for predicting the PAH adsorption energies. We correlate the binding of PAH on the metal surface with the coordination between metal atom and the ligands in the metal complex, where the formation enthalpy of metal complexes is mainly determined by the strength of a single metal-ligand (M-L) bond and by the number of the M-L bonds. This analogy allows estimation of the adsorption energies only on the basis of the structure of the PAHs and of their adsorption configurations. The adsorption energies of PAHs are found to depend on simple geometric parameters, such as the number of metal-carbon bonds. Moreover, when the lattice of the metal surface is commensurate with the size of benzene rings, the contribution to the adsorption energy from η<sup>2</sup>-coordination is about twice that from η<sup>1</sup>-coordination. These results show that the principles of coordination chemistry can facilitate the modeling of processes at metal surfaces, and pave the way to systematically model reactions involving complex adsorbates at surfaces.
In vitroandin vivocharacteristics of doxorubicin-loaded cyclodextrine-based polyester modified gadolinium oxide nanoparticles: a versatile targeted theranostic system for tumour chemotherapy and molecular resonance imaging (2019)

<i>β</i>-Cyclodextrine-based polyester was coated on the surface of gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (NPs) and then functionalised with folic acid to produce an efficient pH-sensitive targeted theranostic system (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@PCD-FA) for doxorubicin delivery and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@PCD-FA was fully characterised by FTIR, vibrating sample magnetometer, TGA, XRD, SEM and TEM analyses. The dissolution profile of DOX showed a pH sensitive release. No significant toxicity was observed for the targeted NPs (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@PCD-FA) and DOX-loaded NPs inhibiting M109 cells viability more efficiently than free DOX. Moreover, the negligible hemolytic activity of the targeted NPs showed their appropriate hemocompatibility. The preferential uptake was observed for the developed Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@PCD-FA-DOX NPs in comparison with Dotarem using <i>T</i><sub>1</sub>- and <i>T</i><sub>2</sub>-weighted MRI in the presence of folate receptor-positive and folate receptor-negative cancer cells (M109 and 4T1, respectively). Furthermore, <i>in vivo</i> studies revealed that Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@PCD-FA-DOX not only exhibited considerably relaxivity performance as a contrast agent for MRI, but also improved <i>in vivo</i> anti-tumour efficacy of the system. The results suggest that Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@PCD-FA-DOX improves its therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of solid tumours and also reduces the adverse effects, so it could be proposed as a promising drug delivery system for chemotherapy and molecular imaging diagnosis in MRI.
Spectroscopic study of the coordination and valence of Fe and Mn ions in and on the surface of aluminas and silicas (1971)

A comparative study of the first-row transition metal ions Fe3+ and Mn2+ on the surfaces of aluminas and silicas has been made using the conventional techniques e.s.r., X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility and in addition a relatively new technique phosphorescence spectroscopy.The results indicate that Fe3+ ions dissolve readily in γ-alumina up to 1 w% in samples calcined at 200°C and up to at least 10 % in samples calcined at 800°C. In silica not more than 0.1 w% Fe3+ could be dissolved, the remainder crystallizing as α-Fe2O3 on the surface. E.s.r. and phosphorescence indicate that Fe3+ ions on γ-Al2O3 calcined below 400°C are mostly octahedrally coordinated on the surface, but above this temperature the majority of the Fe3+ ions take up tetrahedral coordination. Mn2+ ions almost exclusively occupy tetrahedral holes at the surface. At the phase transition θ→α-Al2O3 above 1000°C, Fe3+ ions move into trigonally distorted octahedral sites whereas Mn2+ changes valence to Mn4+ in octahedral sites. Also in silica, Fe3+ ions preferentially take up tetrahedral coordination above 400°C heat treatments and remain in these sites up to 1200°C calcination temperatures.Most of these results can be explained on the basis of the differences between the structures of silicas and aluminas.
Semitic inscriptions in the St. Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod: a reply to alternative interpretations (2020)

Abstract In the present article, we offer a detailed reply to alternative interpretations of our explanation of two eleventh-century phrases inscribed many times on the walls of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod: коуни рони and парехъ мари . According to our previous article in this journal, the phrases have a Semitic origin: Hebrew qūmī ronnī and Syriac /barren̲k mār/, respectively. In both instances new empirical evidence is provided by S. Ju. Temčin. In the case of коуни рони we argue that his alternative hypothesis cannot be maintained for a number of compelling reasons; our interpretation stands as it is. In the case of парехъ мари we basically agree with Temčin and provide evidence that sheds further light on its path of transmission into Slavic.
Regulated nuclear export of the homeodomain transcription factor Prospero (2001)

Subcellular distribution of the Prospero protein is dynamically regulated during Drosophila embryonic nervous system development. Prospero is first detected in neuroblasts where it becomes cortically localized and tethered by the adapter protein, Miranda. After division, Prospero enters the nucleus of daughter ganglion mother cells where it functions as a transcription factor. We have isolated a mutation that removes the C-terminal 30 amino acids from the highly conserved 100 amino acid Prospero domain. Molecular dissection of the homeo- and Prospero domains, and expression of chimeric Prospero proteins in mammalian and insect cultured cells indicates that Prospero contains a nuclear export signal that is masked by the Prospero domain. Nuclear export of Prospero, which is sensitive to the drug leptomycin B, is mediated by Exportin. Mutation of the nuclear export signal-mask in Drosophila embryos prevents Prospero nuclear localization in ganglion mother cells. We propose that a combination of cortical tethering and regulated nuclear export controls Prospero subcellular distribution and function in all higher eukaryotes.
An analytic method for spectrum recovery from wedge or staircase spectrometers (2018)

Wedge or staircase micro-optics have become important components for building miniature optical spectrometers. These devices create spectral discrimination through interference between beams resulting from reflections at the surfaces of the optic. The literature has examples of low reflectance wedge spectrometer system where the Fourier transform is used to recover the spectrum (with no inherent bandwidth limit), and high-reflectance, band-limited simplex spectrometers where no data processing is required. Instruments in the first category tend to be for the thermal infrared range, and instruments in the second category are more often encountered in the visible band. This second category includes linear variable filters and discrete etalon staircases. Though in practice, the signal treatment for these two types of spectrometers is radically different, the underlying interference mechanism is identical. It follows, that a single signal processing algorithm must exist which correctly treats the two types of signals. We present a mathematical description of the signal model for such spectrometers. We show that in the case of spectrally uniform reflectance, the signal has a specific relationship to the spectrum’s Fourier transform. We cast the spectral recovery problem as a matrix inversion, and derive formulas for calculating the solution matrix. The solution matrix is shown to yield the exact spectrum when applied to modeled wedge spectrometer signals in both low and high reflectance cases.
Multi-Grained Block Management to Enhance the Space Utilization of File Systems on PCM Storages (2015)

Phase-change memory (PCM) is a promising candidate as a storage medium to resolve the performance gap between main memory and storage in battery-powered mobile computing systems. However, it is more expensive than flash memory, and thus introduces a more serious storage capacity issue for low-cost solutions. This issue is further exacerbated by the fact that existing file systems are usually designed to trade space utilization for performance over block-oriented storage devices. In this work, we propose a multi-grained block management strategy to improve the space utilization of file systems over PCM-based storage systems. By utilizing the byte-addressability and fast read/write feature of PCM, a methodology is proposed to dynamically allocate multiple sizes of blocks to fit the size of each file, so as to resolve the space fragmentation issue with minimized space and management overheads. The space utilization of file systems is analyzed with consideration of block sizes. A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed strategy, and the results show that the proposed strategy can significantly improve the space utilization of file systems.
Intensity Sensitive Organic Photodiodes Patterned by Inkjet Method (2011)

In this work, intensity sensitive organic photodiodes were made based on the drop-on-demand piezoelectric inkjet printing of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend on the ITO substrates. Inkjet conditions for printing the P3HT:PCBM/chlorobenzene solution were studied and the influences of concentration and inkjet parameters such as pulse voltage and the method of stacking spots were systematically investigated under the goal of optimizing the morphology and uniformity of P3HT:PCBM spots on various kinds of ITO substrates. P3HT:PCBM films in any shape and size were prepared by overlapping the neighboring spots and bulk heterojunctions were fabricated after the deposition of a thin Al film as cathode on their top. Under the excitation of a 532 nm pulse laser source, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) between the ITO and Al electrodes could be detected. Intensity sensitive photo-diodes were obtained with a quantum yield of ∼0.35% and the time constant was estimated to be ∼1.0 μs. Ways for further improvement on the performance of the photo-diodes were also suggested.
Reduced-state sequence estimation for trellis-coded modulation on intersymbol interference channels (2003)

The authors consider the detection of trellis codes designed for ideal channels when they operate in the presence of intersymbol interference (ISI). A well-structured reduced-state sequence-estimation (RSSE) algorithm is described which can achieve the performance of maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) at drastically reduced complexity. The authors start by constructing proper reduced-state trellises by merging the states of the ML supertrellis using set-partitioning principles. Then the Viterbi algorithm (VA) searches these trellises using a modified ML metric. The authors examine the performance and complexity of RSSE and compare it to that of MLSE and DFE (decision-feedback equalization). They also discuss the application of RSSE to higher dimensional trellis codes and to trellis coding with interleaving.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Supplemental Methods from Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy Relies on T-bet but Not Eomes to Induce Effector Function in Tumor-Infiltrating CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Contains qPCR probe and antibody information.&lt;/p&gt;