gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Bacterial Species in Skin, Urine, Diarrheal Stool, and Respiratory Samples in Cats (2022)

Bacterial infections are a significant cause of illness and death in different animals. However, these bacterial infections could be a source of human disease or illness if these pathogenic bacteria are present in companion animals. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria associated with different site infections in cats in the Republic of Korea. For this purpose, samples were collected from the skin/ear, urine, respiratory, and diarrheal stool origins of cats obtained between 2018 and 2019 from seven different laboratories and centers participating in the Korean Veterinary Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System. These samples were subjected to analysis for the identification and isolation of associated bacterial species using a bacterial culture approach. A total of 609 isolates were identified in four different cat samples. Among them, 267, 184, 57, and 101 were extracted from diarrheal stool, skin, urine, and respiratory samples, respectively. The findings of this study showed that <i>Escherichia coli</i> was the most prevalent species among isolated bacterial species of diarrheal stool and urine origin. <i>Staphylococcus felis</i> and <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> were most prevalent in the skin and respiratory tract, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in bacterial distribution among the different age groups in all samples. This is the first nationwide surveillance report that associates bacterial prevalence with their site of origin and helps in the prevention of bacterial infections in cats. Moreover, the pattern of bacterial prevalence could provide sufficient guidance for the selection of empirical antimicrobial therapy against infections in cats.
The Charlottesville Blood-Pressure Survey (1976)

The population of a community of 29,608 adults was screened door-to-door for elevated blood pressure. Of 12,371 adults screened, 20% were classified as hypertensive. After repeated blood-pressure measurement, however, there were only 9% with sustained hypertension, while 11% had labile hypertension. Sixty percent of the cases of sustained hypertension had been either undiagnosed, untreated, or inadequately treated. Eighty-two percent who initially were unaware of hypertension had labile hypertension after repeated blood-pressure measurement, and 18% were unaware of having, sustained hypertension. Labile hypertension was most prevalent in the young and decreased with age. In contrast, sustained hypertension was least prevalent in the young and increased with age. Labile hypertension was most prevalent in white men, and sustained hypertension was more prevalent in blacks than in whites. Labile hypertension represents a large segment (52%) of the population initially identified as having hypertension in a home blood-pressure survey.
Breastfeeding: A Clinical Imperative (2011)

Hospital breastfeeding initiation rates (75%) show that most mothers in the United States want to breastfeed and are trying to do so. Even from the very start, however, mothers may not be getting the breastfeeding support they need. Low breastfeeding rates at 3, 6, and 12 months illustrate that women face multiple additional barriers to maintaining breastfeeding. What can we do to help more mothers be more successful? As healthcare providers, we need to be believers that breastfeeding is worth the effort. Perhaps most important for us is to realize that human milk is not simply a food but rather a complex, human infant support system. We can then articulate to families the importance of breastfeeding as a clinical imperative, a preventer of acute and chronic illness and disease. It will take integration, normalization, and mainstreaming of breastfeeding into our culture for acceptance and growth of the practice. Once we assist families in making educated decisions about breastfeeding, we need to provide supportive environments in our hospitals, medical practices, workplaces, and communities that implement the best ways to support breastfeeding. Breast milk is worth the effort, and the time has come to be ardent supporters of mothers and infants and their breastfeeding intentions.
Two-Dimensional Dynamic Patterns in Illuminated Langmuir Monolayers (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo-Dimensional Dynamic Patterns in Illuminated Langmuir MonolayersYuka Tabe and Hiroshi YokoyamaCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 12, 4609–4613Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00012a003https://doi.org/10.1021/la00012a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views328Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reduction of FWM and XGM for dynamic range improvement in SOA-based multiwavelength amplification using holding beam (2010)

We demonstrate reduction of nonlinear crosstalks for dynamic range (DR) enhancement in SOA-based multiwavelength amplification using holding beam (HB). DR is improved to 18dB with extension to low- and high-power ranges by HB at 7.6dBm.
Probe of bending motion following the 1s−1π* excitation of N2O (2004)

The doubly degenerate core-excited Pi state of N2O splits into two due to the static Renner-Teller effect. The lower state, A1, has a bent stable geometry and the molecule excited to this state starts to deform itself toward this bent geometry. To probe the effect of the potential energy surfaces of the core-excited A1 states on the nuclear motion, we measure the momenta of the three atomic ions in coincidence by means of the ion momentum imaging technique. We find that the potential energy surface affects the molecular deformation significantly. N2O in the terminal N 1s(-1)3piA1 excited state is observed to be bent more than that in the central N 1s(-1)3piA1 excited state. This means that N2O in the terminal N 1s(-1)3piA1 excited state bends faster than that in the central N 1s(-1)3piA1 excited state. When the excitation energy is decreased within the 1s(-1)3pi resonances, the nuclear motion in the A1 states becomes faster. This is interpreted by the notion that the excitation occurs onto the steeper slope part of the potential energy surface of the excited state for the lower excitation energy. The branching ratio of the A1 excitation increases with the decrease in the excitation energy.
Rewritable Holographic Structures Formed in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials by Photothermal Processing (2009)

Abstract Holographic and direct‐written structures are fabricated in tin‐doped silicophosphite thin plates containing rhodamine 6G dye by a photothermal process based on the principle of glass softening/frozen‐in behavior. To be highly processable by photothermal treatment and stable at room temperature after processing, the intrinsic viscoelastic property is improved by increasing the crosslinking density of the network structure, and the photothermal conditions for efficient transfer of the irradiated photons to thermal phonons are explored. Then, the excellent rewritability and reliability of the fine processed structure are found by examining the writing/erasing repetition. Furthermore, the origins of the changes in refractive index due to photothermal treatment are classified into density change and photobleaching, and the dynamics of the formation process of holographic gratings are studied by measuring refractive index changes as functions of irradiation time and wavelength. As a result, it is found that the holographic structure consists of spatial modulation of the refractive index and the refractive index change results primarily from the change in the frozen structure, although there is a slight influence by photobleaching.
Détermination combinée des constantes et enthalpies de formation de complexes métal-coordinat multifonctionnel par couplage de la calorimétrie à la potentiométrie (1985)

Après la description du montage expérimental dans un article précédent, les auteurs donnent ici les méthodes de calcul qui permettent l'exploitation des résultats expérimentaux et l'obtention combinée des paramètres log β et ΔH de la complexation; deux méthodes de calcul (successive et à point de référence) sont décrites et comparées. Deux systèmes cuivre(II)-dipeptides ont été étudiés à titre de tests; les résultats montrent le bon fonctionnement de l'ensemble appareil-calcul, ainsi que ses limites d'application. En outre, l'exploitation des résultats a permis l'estimation de deux grandeurs non accessibles par des mesures directes : l’enthalpie de déprotonation du groupement —NH d'une liaison peptidique et l'enthalpie de formation d'une liaison de coordination cuivre(II)-ion hydroxyle.
DESFLURANE, ISOFLURANE, AND HALOTHANE PHARMACOKINETICS IN HUMANS (1990)

Yasuda, N. M.D.; Lockhart, S. H. Ph.D., M.D.; Eger, I E. II M.D.; Weiskopf, R. B. M.D.; Johnson, B. H. M.S.; Faussolaki, Argyro M.D. Author Information
Supplementary Fig 3 from Naturally Occurring Mutations in the <i>MPS1</i> Gene Predispose Cells to Kinase Inhibitor Drug Resistance (2023)

&lt;p&gt;CCT251455 kills cancer cells by inhibiting the kinetochore recruitment of SAC protein.&lt;/p&gt;
GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL SUPPORT AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMES (2018)

Government support programmes are viewed as important tools for enhancing the performance of SMEs. Despite enormous effort by government to foster growth and development in the SMEs sector through various support programmes, the rising failure and underperformance of the SMEs sector suggest a contrary effect. This study explored the impact of financial assistance on the performance of SMEs across three states in Nigeria. Mixed methods approach was adopted using the survey and semi-structured interview methods. The study makes use of stratified and simple random technique to select the respondent of the questionnaire. A total of four hundred (400) copies of questionnaire were administered to owners/managers of SMEs, out of which only three hundred and sixty (360) were returned and adjudged usable for the analysis, while 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted on the owners/managers of SMEs. Descriptive statistics and Multiple Regression were used to facilitate the estimation process. In addition, thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative interviews. The study identified that while financial assistance has significant impact on the performance of SMEs, these supports are inadequate and characterized by stringent, unrealistic bureaucratic details. Based on these findings, the study recommended that facilitating access to adequate funding are highly effective in enhancing performance.
Lentiviral Vector-Mediated Expression of pre-miRNAs and AntagomiRs (2009)

Micro (mi)RNAs are highly conserved small regulatory RNAs, which regulate gene expression by hybridization to specific binding sites in the 3'untranslated region (UTR) of many mRNAs. Upon miRNA-guided recruitment of a multiprotein complex, target mRNAs are either degraded or their translation is blocked depending on the complementarity between the miRNAs and their binding sites in target mRNAs. Individual miRNAs have been shown to regulate the expression of hundreds of genes with corresponding miRNA binding sites in the 3'UTR in a dose-dependent manner. Although miRNA-target genes may be predicted by bioinformatic tools, each potential target needs to be confirmed experimentally. We describe here the expression of individual miRNAs or miRNA-specific antagomiRs by lentiviral gene transfer to induce stable gain- and loss-of-function phenotypes. These techniques provide some tools to analyze miRNA function in cell culture or animal models.
Femtosecond measurement of enhanced optical nonlinearities of sulfide glasses and heavy-metal-doped oxide glasses (1995)

Studies of the nonlinear absorption and refraction of a variety of heavy-metal oxide and sulfide glasses are reported. The third-order nonlinearities were measured with ~100-fs pulses at wavelengths between 600 nm and 1.25 μm, allowing for what we believe is the first systematic study of the dispersion of the third-order nonlinearities of these glasses. The results confirm that the nonlinearities of heavy-metal oxide glasses are determined by heavy-metal content, as reported previously. The measured nonlinear refractive indices are predicted reasonably well by the semiempirical Boling–Glass–Owyoung formula and include several results that are among the largest nonresonant nonlinearities reported. The measured dispersion of the nonlinearities is consistent with simple theoretical expectations. Finally, most of the glasses obey Kleinman’s symmetry, from which we conclude that the origin of the femtosecond-time-scale nonlinearities is electronic.
A case study of multi-threading in the embedded space (2006)

The continuing miniaturization of technology coupled with wireless networks has made it feasible to physically embed sensor network systems into the environment. Sensor net processors are tasked with the job of handling a disparate set of interrupt driven activity, from networks to timers to the sensors themselves.In this paper,we demonstrate the advantages of a tiny multi-threaded microcontroller design which targets embedded applications that need to respond to events at high speed. While multi-threading is typically used to improve resource utilization, in the embedded space it can provide zero-cycle context switching and interrupt service threads (IST), enabling complex programmable control in latency constrained environments. To explore the advantages of multi-threading on these embedded problems, we have implemented in hardware a family of controllers supporting eight dynamically interleaved threads and executing the AVR instruction set. This allows us to carefully quantify the effects of threading on interrupt latency, code size, overall processor throughput, cycle time, and design area for complete designs with different numbers of threads.
Polymerization or Cyclic Dimerization: Solvent Dependent Homo-Coupling of Terminal Alkynes at HOPG Surface (2014)

Surface reactivity has become one of the most important issues in surface chemistry over the past few years. In this work, we, for the first time, have investigated the homo-coupling of a special terminal alkyne derivative on the highly oriented pyrolitic graphite (HOPG) surface. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) technique, we have found that such coupling reaction seriously depends on the supramolecular assembly of the monomer on the studied substrate, whereas the latter appears an obvious solvent effect. As a result, the reaction in our system undergoes polymerization and cyclic dimerization process in 1-phenyloctane and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, respectively. That is to say, the solvent effect can be extended from the two-dimensional (2D) supramolecular self-assembly to surface chemical reactions, and the selective homo-coupling has been successfully achieved at the solid/liquid interface.
Semantic Web and Linked Learning to Support Workplace Learning (2012)

In the last few years, the Social Web has offered new affordances for how learning is conceptualized and supported. Supporting workplace learning, however, faces specific challenges, some in particular due to its informal, contextual and social nature. The informal nature of workplace learning requires knowledge workers to be supported in their self-regulatory learning processes, whilst the social side draws attention to the role of collective in those processes. To address these challenges, in this paper we present Learn-B, a workplace learning environment. We also present how we developed and applied a common ontological foundation for the integration of our proposed learning services and existing tools in this environment. Categories and Subject Descriptors K.3.1 [Organizational Impacts] Computer-supported collaborative work Keywords workplace learning, organizational learning, self-regulated learning, linked data, semantic web technologies 1.
Gene knockdown by structure defined single-stem loop small non-coding RNAs with programmable regulatory activities (2022)

Gene regulation by <i>trans-</i>acting small RNAs (sRNAs) has considerable advantages over other gene regulation strategies. However, synthetic sRNAs mainly take natural sRNAs (MicC or SgrS) as backbones and comprise three functional elements folding into two or more stem-loop structures: an mRNA base pairing region, an Hfq-binding structure, and a rho-independent terminator. Due to limited numbers of natural sRNAs and complicated backbone structures, synthetic sRNAs suffer from low activity programmability and poor structural modularity. Moreover, natural sRNA backbone sequences may increase the possibility of unwanted recombination. Here, we present a bottom-up approach for creating structure defined single-stem loop small non-coding RNAs (<i>ssl</i>-sRNAs), which contain a standardized scaffold of a 7 bp-stem-4 nt-loop-polyU-tail and a 24 nt basing pairing region covering the first eight codons. Particularly, <i>ssl</i>-sRNA requires no independent Hfq-binding structure, as the polyU tail fulfills the roles of binding Hfq. A thermodynamic-based scoring model and a web server sslRNAD (http://www.kangzlab.cn/) were developed for automated design of <i>ssl</i>-sRNAs with well-defined structures and programmable activities. <i>ssl</i>-sRNAs displayed weak polar effects when regulating polycistronic mRNAs. The ssl-sRNA designed by sslRNAD showed regulatory activities in both <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. A streamlined workflow was developed for the construction of customized <i>ssl</i>-sRNA and <i>ssl</i>-sRNA libraries. As examples, the <i>E. coli</i> cell morphology was easily modified and new target genes of ergothioneine biosynthesis were quickly identified with <i>ssl</i>-sRNAs. <i>ssl</i>-sRNA and its designer sslRNAD enable researchers to rapidly design sRNAs for knocking down target genes.
The State Underground Petroleum Environmental Response Bank (2012)

This paper examines the South Carolina Underground Storage Tank program and the problems associated with it.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 5‐ENDO‐BENZOYLOXY‐N‐(AMINO(LOWER)ALKYL)BICYCLO(2,2,1)HEPTANE‐2,3‐DI‐ENDO‐CARBOXYLIC ACID IMIDES AS POTENTIAL ANTIARRHYTHMIA AGENTS (1975)

Abstract Durch säurekatalysierte Lactonisierung von endo‐ oder exo‐cis‐Bicyclo( 2,2,l )hept‐5‐en‐ 2,3‐dicarbonsä.ureanhydrid (I) bzw.(III) wird das Lacton (II)erhalten, dessen Umsetzung mit Acetylchlorid oder Phosphortrichlorid und anschließend mit Alkylendiaminen die Imide (IV) ergibt.
Injury risk functions in frontal impacts using data from crash pulse recorders. (2012)

Knowledge of how crash severity influences injury risk in car crashes is essential in order to create a safe road transport system. Analyses of real-world crashes increase the ability to obtain such knowledge.The aim of this study was to present injury risk functions based on real-world frontal crashes where crash severity was measured with on-board crash pulse recorders.Results from 489 frontal car crashes (26 models of four car makes) with recorded acceleration-time history were analysed. Injury risk functions for restrained front seat occupants were generated for maximum AIS value of two or greater (MAIS2+) using multiple logistic regression. Analytical as well as empirical injury risk was plotted for several crash severity parameters; change of velocity, mean acceleration and peak acceleration. In addition to crash severity, the influence of occupant age and gender was investigated.A strong dependence between injury risk and crash severity was found. The risk curves reflect that small changes in crash severity may have a considerable influence on the risk of injury. Mean acceleration, followed by change of velocity, was found to be the single variable that best explained the risk of being injured (MAIS2+) in a crash. Furthermore, all three crash severity parameters were found to predict injury better than age and gender. However, age was an important factor. The very best model describing MAIS2+ injury risk included delta V supplemented by an interaction term of peak acceleration and age.
A biomorphic digital image sensor (2003)

An arbitrated address-event imager has been designed and fabricated in a 0.6-μm CMOS process. The imager is composed of 80 × 60 pixels of 32 × 30 μm. The value of the light intensity collected by each photosensitive element is inversely proportional to the pixel's interspike time interval. The readout of each spike is initiated by the individual pixel; therefore, the available output bandwidth is allocated according to pixel output demand. This encoding of light intensities favors brighter pixels, equalizes the number of integrated photons across light intensity, and minimizes power consumption. Tests conducted on the imager showed a large output dynamic range of 180 dB (under bright local illumination) for an individual pixel. The array, on the other hand, produced a dynamic range of 120 dB (under uniform bright illumination and when no lower bound was placed on the update rate per pixel). The dynamic range is 48.9 dB value at 30-pixel updates/s. Power consumption is 3.4 mW in uniform indoor light and a mean event rate of 200 kHz, which updates each pixel 41.6 times per second. The imager is capable of updating each pixel 8.3K times per second (under bright local illumination).
Dynamics and rheology under continuous shear flow studied by x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (2010)

X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XPCS) has emerged as a unique technique allowing the measurement of dynamics in materials on mesoscopic lengthscales. In particular, applications in soft matter physics cover a broad range of topics which include, but are not limited to, nanostructured materials such as colloidal suspensions or polymers, dynamics at liquid surfaces, membranes and interfaces, and the glass or gel transition. One of the most common problems associated with the use of bright X-ray beams with soft materials is beam induced radiation damage, and this is likely to become an even more limiting factor at future synchrotron and free electron laser sources. Flowing the sample during data acquisition is one of the simplest method allowing to limit the radiation damage. In addition to distributing the dose over many different scatterers, the method also enables new functionalities such as time-resolved studies in mixing cells. Here, we further develop an experimental technique that was recently proposed combining XPCS and continuously flowing samples. More specifically, we use a model system to show how the macroscopic advective response to flow and the microscopic dissipative dynamics (diffusion) can be quantified from the X-ray data. The method has many potential applications, e.g. dynamics of glasses and gels under continuous shear/flow, protein aggregations processes, the interplay between dynamics and rheology in complex fluids.