gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of different doses of zeranol on growth, hemoglobin, and carcass traits in veal calves1 (1993)

Effects of different doses of zeranol on ADG, hemoglobin (Hb), feed efficiency (FE), and carcass traits were evaluated in special-fed veal calves in two trials. On d 0, calves were implanted subcutaneously in the middle third of the ear with either 0 (control, placebo pellet), 12, 24, 36, or 48 mg of zeranol. Trial 1 was conducted from February through May 1990 with 120 Holstein bull calves (17 to 21 d of age on d 0) and Trial 2 was conducted from May through August 1991 with 100 Holstein bull calves (24 to 28 d of age d 0). Calves were fed on an individual calf basis. Calves in Trial 1 that were implanted with 48 mg of zeranol had improved FE (P < .05) and ADG (P < .05) during Period 1 (0 to 43 d). No significant differences in ADG or FE were observed among treatments in Trial 2. Hemoglobin levels at slaughter averaged 7.88 +/- .096 and 8.19 +/- .149 g/dL over all treatments for Trials 1 and 2, respectively. The only postslaughter trait affected by zeranol dose was testicular weight. In both trials, testicular weight at slaughter decreased (P < .05) with increasing doses of zeranol. Dressing percentage tended to be higher for 48-mg implants than for controls but the difference was not significant. There were no significant zeranol dose effects on longissimus muscle area, flank color, carcass conformation, or percentage of fore- vs hind-quarter weight. These results indicated that higher doses of zeranol improved ADG and FE during the first 6 wk after the trial period (to 8 wk of age), decreased testicular weight, and increased hide-on carcass dressing percentage for calves implanted with 48 mg of zeranol compared with those that received 0 mg of zeranol.
Midkine Binds to Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) and Acts as a Growth Factor for Different Cell Types (2002)

Midkine (MK) is a developmentally regulated, secreted growth factor homologous to pleiotrophin (PTN). To investigate the potential role of MK in tumor growth, we expressed MK in human SW-13 cells and studied receptor binding, signal transduction, and activity of MK. The MK protein stimulates soft agar colony formation in vitro and tumor growth of SW-13 cells in athymic nude mice, as well as proliferation of human endothelial cells from brain microvasculature and umbilical vein (HUVEC) in the low ng/ml range. MK binds to anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), the receptor for PTN, with an apparent K(d) of 170 pm in intact cells, and this receptor binding of MK is competed by PTN with an apparent K(d) of approximately 20 pm. Monoclonal antibodies raised against the extracellular ligand-binding domain of ALK inhibit ALK receptor binding of MK as well as MK-stimulated colony formation of SW-13 cells. Furthermore, MK stimulates ALK phosphorylation in WI-38 human fibroblasts and activates PI3-kinase and MAP kinase signal transduction in WI-38, HUVEC, neuroblastoma (SH SY-5Y) and glioblastoma (U87MG) cells that express the ALK protein. We conclude that MK can act as a growth, survival, and angiogenic factor during tumorigenesis and signals through the ALK receptor.
A high-resolution annotated physical map of the human chromosome 13q12-13 region containing the breast cancer susceptibility locus BRCA2. (1996)

Various types of physical mapping data were assembled by developing a set of computer programs (Integrated Mapping Package) to derive a detailed, annotated map of a 4-Mb region of human chromosome 13 that includes the BRCA2 locus. The final assembly consists of a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) contig with 42 members spanning the 13q12-13 region and aligned contigs of 399 cosmids established by cross-hybridization between the cosmids, which were selected from a chromosome 13-specific cosmid library using inter-Alu PCR probes from the YACs. The end sequences of 60 cosmids spaced nearly evenly across the map were used to generate sequence-tagged sites (STSs), which were mapped to the YACs by PCR. A contig framework was generated by STS content mapping, and the map was assembled on this scaffold. Additional annotation was provided by 72 expressed sequences and 10 genetic markers that were positioned on the map by hybridization to cosmids.
Characterisation of proton-exchange slab optical waveguides in x-cut LiNbO3 (1986)

The paper reports on a systematic study of planar optical waveguides in X-cut LiNbO3 fabricated by the proton-exchange technique. The extent of the exchange process was monitored by measuring the infrared absorption peak at 3510 cm−1. It was established that the waveguide profile could be accurately modelled by a step index change with Δn = 0.127 at λ0 = 632.8 nm and Δn = 0.096 at λ0 = 1150 nm. From the mode effective refractive index measurements, the effective diffusion coefficients for the exchange process were calculated. A value for the activation energy for the proton-exchange process was established. The effect of off-Y-axis propagation on the mode effective indices of the waveguide was studied. A waveguide mode cutoff at 29° from the C-axis was established. The lowest optical losses measured in single-mode planar waveguides were 1.4 dB/cm at λ0 = 632.8 nm and 1.3 dB/cm at λ0 = 1150 nm for light propagating normal to the C-axis.
Prevalence of GORD (gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease) in Type 2 diabetes and a comparison of clinical profiles between diabetic patients with and without GORD (2009)

Previous studies have suggested a relationship of GORD with pioglitazone/CCB. However, the results of this study do not support this; these agents may not induce GORD.
Optical and structural properties of InGaN/GaN short-period superlattices for the active region of light- emitting diodes (2010)

The results of the study of structural and optical properties of short-period InGaN/GaN superlattices synthesized by MOCVD on sapphire substrates are presented. To form the superlattices, the method of periodic interruption of the growth of the InGaN layer with hydrogen supply into the reactor was used. It is shown that, with the use of the suggested method, an InGaN/GaN periodic structure with the developed interfaces and regions of joining the neighboring InGaN layers not correlated in a vertical direction is formed. The formation of such regions leads to a heavy dependence of the shape of the emission spectra of the super-lattices on the number of periods in the range of 400–470 nm.
Bench-stable frustrated Lewis pair chemistry: fluoroborate salts as precatalysts for the C–H borylation of heteroarenes (2016)

While the organotrifluoroborate group is commonly used as a leaving group in cross-coupling reactions, we now show that their high stability can be used to protect the Lewis acidic moieties of frustrated Lewis pair catalysts. Indeed, the air and moisture-stable trifluoro- and difluoroborate derivatives of bulky (tetramethylpiperidino)benzene are shown to be conveniently converted to their dihydroborane analogue which is known to activate small molecules. An efficient synthesis route to these stable and convenient precatalysts, their deprotection chemistry and their benchtop use for the dehydrogenative borylation of heteroarenes is presented.
Chemical conversions using sheet silicates: novel intermolecular elimination of ammonia from amines (1981)

Ammonia is readily eliminated from molecular pairs of intercalated primary amines thereby generating the secondary amines in high yield in a novel proton mediated reaction; certain cyclic secondary amines produce unusual products by a similar interlamellar reaction.
Hyaluronan inhibits expression of ADAMTS4 (aggrecanase-1) in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes (2008)

These data suggest that HA2700 suppresses aggrecan degradation by downregulating IL1alpha-induced ADAMTS4 expression through the CD44 and ICAM1 signalling pathways in osteoarthritic chondrocytes.
Optical fibre sensors embedded into technical textile for a continuous monitoring of patients under Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2008)

The potential impact of optical fiber sensors embedded into medical textiles for the continuous monitoring of the patient during Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is presented. In that way, we report on several pure optical sensing technologies for pulse oximetry and respiratory movements monitoring. The technique for pulse oximetry measurement is known as NIRS (Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy) in a reflectance mode. On the other hand, we tested two different optical based designs for the respiratory motions measurements--a macro bending sensor and a Bragg grating sensor, designed to measure the elongation of thoracic and abdominal circumferences during breathing.
Dobutamine myocardial perfusion imaging. (1994)

Dobutamine, a pharmacologic stressor, is useful for myocardial perfusion imaging in patients who cannot exercise. Patients with asthma or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who are at risk for adverse effects from either dipyridamole or adenosine are prime candidates for dobutamine perfusion studies. Dobutamine is a predominant beta-1 agonist that increases heart rate, myocardial contractility and systolic blood pressure. The sensitivity and specificity of dobutamine myocardial perfusion imaging are comparable, for the most part, to those from perfusion studies using exercise, dipyridamole or adenosine.
Landscape and settlement (2002)

The Carolingian landscape was for a large part, on the average for more than 40 per cent and in some regions up to 80 per cent, a natural landscape, consisting mainly of woods. The map of European forests in the early Middle Ages, made up by Charles Higounet, is still the best guide to study their geographical distribution. He has localised and identified nearly 150 individual forests, some of which can be studied more in detail. Most of them lay east of the Rhine and along it, and also in the adjoining eastern parts of France and Belgium, a situation that lasted to the end of the Middle Ages and persists still today. In around 1500, one-third of Germany and a quarter of France were still covered by woodland. The larger part of these forests was royal land, protected by the king as hunting reserves, which is the original meaning of 'forest' (Lat. forestis, forestum). Some of these forests consisted not only of woods but included also uncultivated land, pasture, heath, moor and even arable land. In central Europe the Thuringian forest, in the middle of which the abbey of Fulda was founded in 742, may have been inhabited around that centre before the arrival of the monks. Clearances, named capturae, took place all around from the beginning of the eighth century and continued well into the ninth, perhaps related to the military operations of Charlemagne against the neighbouring Saxons.
Sonographic cervical length in threatened preterm labor in a South African population (2004)

In this South African population, which had a high incidence of delivery within 7 days of presentation with threatened preterm labor, sonographic measurement of cervical length is equally effective as in a lower-risk population in distinguishing between true and false labor.
Monodisperse Magnetite Nanoparticles Coupled with Nuclear Localization Signal Peptide for Cell‐Nucleus Targeting (2007)

Functionalization of monodisperse superparamagnetic magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) nanoparticles for cell specific targeting is crucial for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Targeted magnetic nanoparticles can be used to enhance the tissue contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to improve the efficiency in anticancer drug delivery, and to eliminate tumor cells by magnetic fluid hyperthermia. Herein we report the nucleus-targeting Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles functionalized with protein and nuclear localization signal (NLS) peptide. These NLS-coated nanoparticles were introduced into the HeLa cell cytoplasm and nucleus, where the particles were monodispersed and non-aggregated. The success of labeling was examined and identified by fluorescence microscopy and MRI. The work demonstrates that monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles can be readily functionalized and stabilized for potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Coplanar Waveguides Used in 2-18 GHz Distributed Amplifier (2005)

This paper describes the use of coplanar waveguide as an alternative transmission medium in a monolithic distributed amplifier. The coplanar waveguide layout substantially reduces coupling effects between adjacent lines, and eliminates the need for via holes and substrate thinning, leading to higher fabrication yields. The resulting device reported here is a compact (1.3 x 1.5mm) low noise distributed amplifier on a thick GaAs substrate (15 mil), with a gain of 6.0 +- 0.5dB over the frequency range of 2 - 18GHz.
Proximity dummy feature placement and selective via sizing for process uniformity in a trench-first-via-last dual-inlaid metal process (2001)

In a trench-first-via-last (TFVL) dual-inlaid metal process, the thickness of resist coated in the via definition step after trench formation varies according to underlying trench topography. Variation in resist thickness reduces via size uniformity and thus process window. Based on the modeling of resist thickness at a via location as a weighted sum of nearby trench densities, layout modifications of proximity dummy feature placement and selective via sizing are introduced to increase via size uniformity. Experimental results show significantly enlarged process window after proximity dummy features are inserted.
Physische Belastung in der Produktionslogistik (2013)

Kurzfassung Erkrankungen des Muskel-Skelett-Systems verursachen rund ein Viertel der Arbeitsunfähigkeitstage in Deutschland. Die Analyse und Bewertung von physischen Belastungen ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung zur Erkennung von gesundheitlichen Risiken für die Beschäftigten. Ziel dieses Artikels ist die Vorstellung geeigneter Verfahren zur Gefährdungsbeurteilung für in der Produktionslogistik auftretende physische Belastungen. Hierzu wurden 195 Arbeitsplätze aus der Produktionslogistik eines Nutzfahrzeugherstellers kategorisiert und im Hinblick auf auftretende Belastungsarten analysiert.
Antenna Pattern Shaping through Functionalized Metasurface Coatings (2022)

In this contribution, we discuss the possibility to exploit functionalized metasurface coats wrapping wired antennas for manipulating their radiation pattern. Through a proper design of the Huygens metasurface coating, the quasi-cylindrical wave front of the field radiated by the antenna is locally transformed into a plane wave, leading to the generation of multiple or single radiating beams from the original omnidirectional pattern. The semi-analytical model of the device is presented, and some relevant examples are provided.
Exploring the potential of ionic bipolar diodes for chemical neural interfaces (2017)

Technology interfaces which can imitate the chemically specific signaling of nervous tissues are attractive for studying and developing therapies for neurological disorders. As the signaling in nervous tissue is highly spatiotemporal in nature, an interfacing technology should provide local neurotransmitter release in the millisecond range. To obtain such a speed, the neurotransmitters must be stored close to the release point, while avoiding substantial passive leakage. Here we theoretically investigate whether ionic bipolar diodes can be used for this purpose. We find that if a sufficiently large reverse potential is applied, the passive leakage can be suppressed to negligible levels due to the high local electric field within the bipolar diode. The influences of various design parameters are studied to determine the optimal design and operation. Finally, the delivery speed of the component is evaluated using time-dependent simulations, which show that the release of neurotransmitters to physiologically relevant concentrations can be achieved in less than 10 ms. Altogether, the results suggest that ionic bipolar diodes constitute a highly attractive technology for achieving high speed low leakage addressable delivery circuits for neural interfaces.
Hilbert transform pairs of wavelet bases (2001)

This paper considers the design of pairs of wavelet bases where the wavelets form a Hilbert transform pair. The derivation is based on the limit functions defined by the infinite product formula. It is found that the scaling filters should be offset from one another by a half sample. This gives an alternative derivation and explanation for the result by Kingsbury (1999), that the dual-tree DWT is (nearly) shift-invariant when the scaling filters satisfy the same offset.
Early Surgical Management of Medical Tourism Complications Improves Patient Outcomes (2020)

Therapeutic, III.
New Approximation Algorithms for the Steiner Tree Problems (1995)

The Steiner tree problem asks for the shortest tree connecting a given set of terminal points in a metric space. We design new approximation algorithms for the Steiner tree problems using a novel technique of choosing Steiner points in dependence on the possible deviation from the optimal solutions. We achieve the best up to now approximation ratios of 1.644 in arbitrary metric and 1.267 in rectilinear plane, respectively. Dept. of Computer Science, University of Bonn, 53117 Bonn. Research partially supported by the Leibniz Center for Research in Computer Science, by the DFG Grant KA 67314-1, by the ESPRIT BR Grants 7097 and by ECUS030. Email: marek@cs.uni-bonn.de. y Institute of Mathematics, Akademiei 5, Kishinev, 277028, Moldova. Research partially supported by Volkswagen Stiftung. Parts of this work were done in Max-Planck-Institut fur Informatik, Saarbrucken. Email: 17azz@mathem.moldova.su. 1 Introduction We consider a metric space with a distance function d. For any set of ...
Nonlinear surface acoustic waves in crystals (1999)

A theory for nonlinear surface acoustic waves in isotropic solids [E. A. Zabolotskaya, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91, 2569–2575 (1992)] is generalized to include the anisotropy of crystals. There is no restriction to material symmetry, orientation of the free surface with respect to crystal axes, or propagation direction in the plane of the free surface. Numerical simulations of waveform distortion, shock formation, and harmonic propagation curves are presented for two different cuts of potassium chloride.
Quantitative reverse transcription PCR assay to detect a genetic marker of pyrethroid resistance in Culex mosquitoes (2022)

Pyrethroid insecticides are widely used to control mosquitoes that transmit pathogens such as West Nile virus (WNV) to people. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the knockdown resistance locus (kdr) of the voltage gated sodium channel (Vgsc) gene in Culex mosquitoes are associated with knockdown resistance to pyrethroids. RNAseq was used to sequence the coding region of Vgsc for Culex tarsalis Coquillett and Culex erythrothorax Dyar, two WNV vectors. The cDNA sequences were used to develop a quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR assay that detects the L1014F kdr mutation in the Vgsc. Because this locus is conserved, the assay was used successfully in six Culex spp. The resulting Culex RTkdr assay was validated using quantitative PCR and sequencing of PCR products. The accuracy of the Culex RTkdr assay was 99%. The L1014F kdr mutation associated with pyrethroid resistance was more common among Cx. pipiens than other Culex spp. and was more prevalent in mosquitoes collected near farmland. The Culex RTkdr assay takes advantage of the RNA that vector control agencies routinely isolate to assess arbovirus prevalence in mosquitoes. We anticipate that public health and vector control agencies may employ the Culex RTkdr assay to define the geographic distribution of the L1014F kdr mutation in Culex species and improve the monitoring of insecticide resistance that will ultimately contribute to effective control of Culex mosquitoes.
Optimization of an in vivo model to study immunity to Plasmodium falciparum pre-erythrocytic stages (2019)

The PbGFP-Luc line and in vivo bioluminescence imaging provide highly sensitive read-outs of liver-stage infection in mice, and this method can be useful to reliably evaluate potency of pre-erythrocytic interventions.
Forward-Looking Ultrasound Wearable Scanner System for Estimation of Urinary Bladder Volume (2021)

Accurate measurement of bladder volume is an important tool for evaluating bladder function. In this study, we propose a wearable bladder scanner system that can continuously measure bladder volume in daily life for urinary patients who need urodynamic studies. The system consisted of a 2-D array, which included integrated forward-looking piezoelectric transducers with thin substrates. This study aims to estimate the volume of the bladder using a small number of piezoelectric transducers. A least-squares method was implemented to optimize an ellipsoid in a quadratic surface equation for bladder volume estimation. Ex-vivo experiments of a pig bladder were conducted to validate the proposed system. This work presents the potential of the approach for wearable bladder monitoring, which has similar measurement accuracy compared to the commercial bladder imaging system. The wearable bladder scanner can be improved further as electronic voiding diaries by adding a few more features to the current function.
Thymic Alterations in EphA4-Deficient Mice (2006)

In the present work, we have demonstrated in vivo an altered maturation of the thymic epithelium that results in defective T cell development which increases with age, in the thymus of Eph A4-deficient mice. The deficient thymi are hypocellular and show decreased proportions of double-positive (CD4+CD8+) cells which reach minimal numbers in 4-wk-old thymi. The EphA4 (-/-) phenotype correlates with an early block of T cell precursor differentiation that results in accumulation of CD44-CD25+ triple-negative cells and, sometimes, of CD44+CD25- triple-negative thymocytes as well as with increased numbers of apoptotic cells and an important reduction in the numbers of cycling thymocytes. Various approaches support a key role of the thymic epithelial cells in the observed phenotype. Thymic cytoarchitecture undergoes profound changes earlier than those found in the thymocyte maturation. Thymic cortex is extremely reduced and consists of densely packed thymic epithelial cells. Presumably the lack of forward Eph A4 signaling in the Eph A4 -/- epithelial cells affects their development and finally results in altered T cell development.
Sphingomyelin Synthase 2 Is One of the Determinants for Plasma and Liver Sphingomyelin Levels in Mice (2009)

We therefore believe that regulation of liver SMS2 activity could become a promising treatment for atherosclerosis.
AirTouch: Synchronizing In-air Hand Gesture and On-body Tactile Feedback to Augment Mobile Gesture Interaction (2011)

We present the design and evaluation of Air Touch, a wristwatch interface that enables mobile gesture interaction through tactile feedback during limited visual attention conditions. Unlike its predecessor, the Gesture Watch, Air Touch is supported by a push-to-gesture mechanism (PTG) where the user performs a gesture and then confirms it afterward with a trigger gesture. The Gesture Watch, in contrast, requires the user to hold a trigger gesture while performing an interaction, and its PTG method does not allow the user to preview nor reverse the action. The effect of the new PTG mechanism and tactile feedback are evaluated through two experiments. The first experiment compares Air Touch's PTG mechanism to that of the Gesture Watch both with and without visual access to the watch. The second experiment examines mobile gesture interaction with the new PTG mechanism in four conditions (with and without tactile feedback and with and without visual restriction). We found that the new PTG mechanic enabled more accurate and faster interaction in the fully visible condition. Additionally, tactile feedback in the limited visual access condition successfully compensated for the lack of visual feedback, enabling similar performance times and perceived difficulties as in the fully visible condition without tactile feedback.