gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Memory behavior-based automatic malware unpacking in stealth debugging environment (2010)

Malware analysts have to first extract hidden original code from a packed executable to analyze malware because most recent malware is obfuscated by a packer in order to disrupt analysis by debuggers and dis-assemblers. There are several studies on automatic extraction of hidden original code, which executes malware in an isolated environment, monitors write memory accesses and instruction fetches at runtime, determines if the code under execution is newly generated, then dumps specific memory areas into a file as candidates for the original code. However, the conventional techniques output many dump files as candidates for the original code when experiments are conducted on malware in the wild. Thus, manual identification of the true original code is needed. In this paper, we present “memory behavior-based unpacking,” an algorithm that automatically identifies the true original code from among many candidates depending on the change in the trend of accessed memory addresses before and after the dumping points. To achieve this algorithm, we have implemented Stealth Debugger, a virtual machine monitor for debugging and monitoring all memory accesses of a process without interruption by any anti-debug functions of the malware. We have evaluated our proposed system by using malware obfuscated by various common packers. The results show that our proposed system successfully finds the original entry points and obtains the original code of the malware.
Design and realisation of an audiovisual speech activity detector (2006)

For many speech telecommunication technologies a robust speech activity detector is important. An audio-only speech detector will givefalse positives when the interfering signal is speech or has speech characteristics. The modality video is suitable to solve this problem. In this report the approach to and implementation of a decision-based audiovisual speech detector is given. Acoustic and visual features of speech are first separately investigated. Firstly, a common method for speech detection based on audio has been built. Secondly, from the video data the mouth features have been extracted with the implementation of an own idea. The visual features were used to create a conservative visual non-speech detector. The low false detection rate makes the visual non-speech detector suitable to rule out some false speech detections of an audio only solution. Finally, the combinationof the audio detector and the video detector leads to an audiovisualspeech detector which uses basic mouth features and a common acousti-cal speech detection method to outperform an audio-only solution.
On Application of Carbon-Containing Electrode Materials in Technology of Electrospark Alloying: Part 1. Peculiarities of Coating Formation Using Electrospark Treatment of Titanium Alloy OT4-1 (2018)

Electrospark treatment of OT4-1 titanium alloy was performed sequentially with a STIM-20N hard-alloy electrode (TiC–20% Ni) and carbon-containing material (graphite and carbon-based composite materials). Kinetics of the mass transfer of the hard-alloy electrode was studied. The cathode mass loss during the first minute of the treatment was established. The kinetics results were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics. The erosion resistance of the applied carbon-containing materials was determined. Phase composition and relief of the coatings formed were analyzed. It was found that the application of the carbon-containing material increases the content of refractory phases in the coatings. Increase in the time of the treatment using the carbon-containing materials decreases the roughness of the coatings.
Naturally Assembled Excimers in Xanthenes as Singular and Highly Efficient Laser Dyes in Liquid and Solid Media (2013)

Herein, for the first time, outstanding laser performance is demonstrated in liquid solution and solid state by naturally assembling excimers of organic fluorophores (rosamine dyes). Highly efficient and photostable laser dye properties, with broadened tunability covering 80 nm in the red spectral region (590–670 nm), is attributed to the coexistence of monomers and excimers induced under high optical gain conditions. Amplified spontaneous emission measurements in rosamine‐doped polymer thin films show that the excimer exhibits a threshold lower and a gain higher than those corresponding to the monomer species. These laser properties make rosamines excellent candidates for biophotonic and spectroscopic applications, overcoming the main drawbacks exhibited by other long‐wavelength (&gt;600 nm) laser dyes, including low absorption at the standard pump wavelength (532 nm), low laser efficiency, and poor chemo‐ and photostability.
Podocyte autophagy is associated with foot process effacement and proteinuria in patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (2020)

Autophagy is a cellular mechanism involved in the bulk degradation of proteins and turnover of organelle. Several studies have shown the significance of autophagy of the renal tubular epithelium in rodent models of tubulointerstitial disorder. However, the role of autophagy in the regulation of human glomerular diseases is largely unknown. The current study aimed to demonstrate morphological evidence of autophagy and its association with the ultrastructural changes of podocytes and clinical data in patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, a disease in which patients exhibit podocyte injury. The study population included 95 patients, including patients with glomerular disease (minimal change nephrotic syndrome [MCNS], n = 41; idiopathic membranous nephropathy [IMN], n = 37) and 17 control subjects who underwent percutaneous renal biopsy. The number of autophagic vacuoles and the grade of foot process effacement (FPE) in podocytes were examined by electron microscopy (EM). The relationships among the expression of autophagic vacuoles, the grade of FPE, and the clinical data were determined. Autophagic vacuoles were mainly detected in podocytes by EM. The microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-positive area was co-localized with the Wilms tumor 1 (WT1)-positive area on immunofluorescence microscopy, which suggested that autophagy occurred in the podocytes of patients with MCNS. The number of autophagic vacuoles in the podocytes was significantly correlated with the podocyte FPE score (r = -0.443, p = 0.004), the amount of proteinuria (r = 0.334, p = 0.033), and the level of serum albumin (r = -0.317, p = 0.043) in patients with MCNS. The FPE score was a significant determinant for autophagy after adjusting for the age in a multiple regression analysis in MCNS patients (p = 0.0456). However, such correlations were not observed in patients with IMN or in control subjects. In conclusion, the results indicated that the autophagy of podocytes is associated with FPE and severe proteinuria in patients with MCNS. The mechanisms underlying the activation of autophagy in association with FPE in podocytes should be further investigated in order to elucidate the pathophysiology of MCNS.
Macrovelocity Reconstruction by Reflection FWI (2016)

Summary The paper deals with development of reliable techniques of full waveform inversion which guarantee correct reconstruction of a macrovelocity model for reasonable acquisitions and frequency ranges. As reasonable we mean realistic offsets (about one-two depths of target objects) and temporal frequency above 5 – 7 Hz. The paper proposes the so-called Migration Based Travel Times (MBTT) formulation of the data misfit functional in time frequency domain. This approach relies on the decomposition of a velocity model onto two subspaces – smooth propagator and rough depth reflectors. On this base the modified data misfit functional is introduced and compared with standard least squares formulation. Numerical Singular Value Decomposition proves that these two formulations produce functionals which have almost orthogonal stable subspaces. As is well known the classical formulation leads to stable subspaces mainly made of fast oscillating functions (reflectors). At the same time we prove that MBTT modification ensures appearance of the propagator in these stable subspaces. Numerical experiments prove the feasibility of full inversion for reflected waves in this modified reformulation for the well known Marmoussi velocity model. We demonstrate Common Image Gathers for initial guess and reconstructed model to valdate good quality of reconstructed velocity.
Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of Stevastelin C3 Analogues and Their Activity Against the Dual‐Specific Vaccina H1‐Related Phosphatase (2009)

In the paper by H. Waldmann, H.-D. Arndt et al., the entry for compound 29 in Table 3 has been found to list the stereochemical compound assignment wrongly. The correct descriptors for compound 29 in Table 3 should read 2S,3R,4S. The authors apologize for this oversight and confirm that it does not affect any of the hypotheses or conclusions delineated in the original paper.
Impact of Glucose Measurement Processing Delays on Clinical Accuracy and Relevance (2013)

This analysis suggests that processing delays in glucose measurements reduce the clinical relevance of results in patients with T1DM and may similarly degrade the clinical value of measurements in other patient populations.
Dimensionality Reduction of Hyperspectral Images Using Empirical Mode Decompositions and Wavelets (2012)

This paper presents a novel method for dimensionality reduction of hyperspectral images. It combines Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) with wavelets in order to generate the smallest set of features that leads to the best classification accuracy. The introduced method exploits both spatial and spectral information of the image which leads to more and better class separability and hence to better classification accuracy. Specifically, the 2D-EMD is applied to each hyperspectral band to enhance spatial information and then 1D-DWT is applied to each EMD feature's signatures to enhance spectral information. The reduced Wavelet-based Intrinsic Mode Function Features (WIMF) are obtained by selecting coefficients. Then, new features are generated by summing up the lower order WIMF features. Support Vector Machine (SVM) based classification is performed with two different hyperspectral data sets, namely AVIRIS Indian Pine and ROSIS Pavia. The experimental results show that features obtained by the proposed method significantly increase the classification accuracy compared to features obtained by other frequency based direct dimensionality reduction methods.
The error exponent with delay for lossless source coding (2006)

In channel coding, reliable communication takes place at rates below capacity at the fundamental cost of end-to-end delay. Error exponents tell us how much faster convergence is when we settle for less rate. For lossless source coding, entropy takes the place of capacity and error exponents tell us how much faster convergence is when we use more rate. While in channel coding without feedback the block error exponent is a good proxy for studying the more fundamental tradeoff with fixed end-to-end delay, it is not so in source coding. Block-coding error exponents are quite conservative (despite being tight!) when it comes to the tradeoff with delay. Nonblock codes can achieve much better performance with fixed delay and we present both the fundamental bound and how to achieve it in a delay-universal manner. The proof gives substance to Shannon's cryptic statement about how the duality between source and channel coding is like the duality between the past and the future.
An extensive study of the influence of dopants on the ferroelectric properties of HfO2 (2016)

The ferroelectric properties of hafnium oxide based thin films prepared by chemical solution deposition (CSD) are investigated.
Mission-Based Energy Consumption Prediction of Multirotor UAV (2019)

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is lately one of many popular research topics. High variety of its usage makes it attentive to be studied on its construction or the control. However, without knowing the energy that will be consumed in each mission, the available flight duration will be unknown and the usages of this vehicle will be limited. A mission-based black box modeling of UAV's energy consumption prediction was proposed in this paper. The setup consists of ArduPilot with Mission Planner Firmware installed to a custom built hexarotor. The method consists of three consecutive steps: data collection, data preprocessing, and regression. To collect the required data, flight patterns that contained several types of movements were defined, where the flight data log that contained missions, GPS, and battery, was collected. The preprocessing included the movement separation and also included the acceleration and the deceleration of horizontal movement. Finally, the regression was done using the Elastic Net Regression from Sklearn. The model was then tested on two flight patterns to simulate a surveillance application of a UAV and could predict with 98.773% mean of energy accuracy of the missions that started from the takeoff and ended with the return to launch command.
The Role of Ancillary Techniques in Pulmonary Cytopathology (2019)

Ancillary techniques play an essential role in pulmonary cytopathology. Immunoperoxidase and special stains are by far the most common ancillary techniques used in cytopathology; however, the role of molecular diagnosis is growing, especially in the fields of pulmonary oncology and infectious disease. In this article, we review the uses of ancillary techniques in lung tumor diagnosis, lung tumor classification, predictive marker determination, primary versus metastasis differential diagnosis, and infectious organism detection.
What is the clinical impact of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers on final diagnosis and management in patients with mild cognitive impairment in clinical practice? Results from a nation-wide prospective survey in France (2019)

This nation-wide survey, reflecting clinical practice in French memory clinics, describes the impact of CSF AD biomarkers in patients with MCI in clinical practice.
A variation-aware preferential design approach for memory based reconfigurable computing (2009)

Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) arrays designed in sub-90nm technologies are highly vulnerable to process variation induced read/write/access failures. In memory based reconfigurable computing frameworks, which use large high density memory array, such failures lead to incorrect execution of mapped applications. It causes loss in Quality of Service (QoS) for Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications. We propose a Preferential Design approach at both application mapping and circuit level, which can significantly improve QoS and yield under large parameter variations. Such a architecture/circuit co-design approach can also tolerate increased failure rate at low operating voltage, thus facilitating low-power operation. Simulation results for a common DSP application show 45% improvement in power at iso--QoS and 47% in yield for a target Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) at 45nm technology.
QuickRelease: A throughput-oriented approach to release consistency on GPUs (2014)

Graphics processing units (GPUs) have specialized throughput-oriented memory systems optimized for streaming writes with scratchpad memories to capture locality explicitly. Expanding the utility of GPUs beyond graphics encourages designs that simplify programming (e.g., using caches instead of scratchpads) and better support irregular applications with finer-grain synchronization. Our hypothesis is that, like CPUs, GPUs will benefit from caches and coherence, but that CPU-style “read for ownership” (RFO) coherence is inappropriate to maintain support for regular streaming workloads. This paper proposes QuickRelease (QR), which improves on conventional GPU memory systems in two ways. First, QR uses a FIFO to enforce the partial order of writes so that synchronization operations can complete without frequent cache flushes. Thus, non-synchronizing threads in QR can re-use cached data even when other threads are performing synchronization. Second, QR partitions the resources required by reads and writes to reduce the penalty of writes on read performance. Simulation results across a wide variety of general-purpose GPU workloads show that QR achieves a 7% average performance improvement compared to a conventional GPU memory system. Furthermore, for emerging workloads with finer-grain synchronization, QR achieves up to 42% performance improvement compared to a conventional GPU memory system without the scalability challenges of RFO coherence. To this end, QR provides a throughput-oriented solution to provide fine-grain synchronization on GPUs.
Positional Uncertainty of Isocontours: Condition Analysis and Probabilistic Measures (2010)

Uncertainty is ubiquitous in science, engineering and medicine. Drawing conclusions from uncertain data is the normal case, not an exception. While the field of statistical graphics is well established, only a few 2D and 3D visualization and feature extraction methods have been devised that consider uncertainty. We present mathematical formulations for uncertain equivalents of isocontours based on standard probability theory and statistics and employ them in interactive visualization methods. As input data, we consider discretized uncertain scalar fields and model these as random fields. To create a continuous representation suitable for visualization we introduce interpolated probability density functions. Furthermore, we introduce numerical condition as a general means in feature-based visualization. The condition number-which potentially diverges in the isocontour problem-describes how errors in the input data are amplified in feature computation. We show how the average numerical condition of isocontours aids the selection of thresholds that correspond to robust isocontours. Additionally, we introduce the isocontour density and the level crossing probability field; these two measures for the spatial distribution of uncertain isocontours are directly based on the probabilistic model of the input data. Finally, we adapt interactive visualization methods to evaluate and display these measures and apply them to 2D and 3D data sets.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Targeting PARP1 in XRCC1-Deficient Sporadic Invasive Breast Cancer or Preinvasive Ductal Carcinoma <i>In Situ</i> Induces Synthetic Lethality and Chemoprevention (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Western blots, FACS and clonogenic assays&lt;/p&gt;
Inhibitory effect of acyclic retinoid (polyprenoic acid) on the secretion of .ALPHA.-fetoprotein in CCl4-treated rats. (1990)

A study was conducted to examine the inhibitory effect of acyclic retinoid (polyprenoic acid) on the secretion of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in rats with chronic liver damage induced by CCl4. Oral administration of the compound brought about a significant reduction of serum AFP levels at the time when liver cirrhosis was formed. Acyclic retinoid also decreased the activities of serum aminotransferases and ornithine carbamyl transferase, while it increased serum albumin levels, demonstrating the reduction of hepatic parenchymal damage. Significant negative correlation was observed between serum AFP and albumin levels. This cytoprotective effect of the retinoid on the parenchymal cell may well be related to the inhibition of the synthesis and/or secretion of AFP. No significant side effect was observed, despite a long-term administration of the compound. The present finding will provide a potential scope for the future use of acyclic retinoid for the treatment of chronic liver damage.
Implementation and testing of a proposed differential omega system. (1972)

http://archive.org/details/implementationnd1094516185
Effect of elastic waves in the metal reflector on bubble dynamics at the focus of an electrohydraulic lithotripter (2008)

In extracorporeal electrohydraulic lithotripters, a hemi-ellipsoidal metal reflector is used to focus a spherical wave generated by an electrical discharge. The spark source is positioned at one of the ellipsoid foci (F1); this makes the reflected wave focused at the other focus (F2). Despite the common assumption that the reflector behaves as a rigid mirror, the true reflection phenomenon includes the generation and reverberation of elastic waves in the reflector, which reradiate to the medium. Although these waves are much lower in amplitude than the specularly reflected wave, they may influence cavitation at F2. To explore such effects, waves in water and a brass reflector were modeled in finite differences based on the linearized equations of elasticity. The bubble response was simulated based on a Rayleigh-type equation for the bubble radius. In addition, the role of acoustic nonlinearity was estimated by numerical modeling. It is shown that the elastic waves in the reflector give rise to a long "ringing" tail, which results in nonmonotonic behavior of the bubble radius during its inertial growth after shock wave passage. This numerical result is qualitatively confirmed by experimental observations of bubble behavior using high-speed photography. Work supported by NIH-DK43881, NSBRI-SMS00402, NIH-DK075090, and RFBR.
Levels of Glutathione and Related Enzymes in Yellowtail Fish Muscle Subjected to Ice Storage in a Modified Atmosphere (2011)

This study examined whether modified atmosphere packaging preserves the level of GSH, which is unstable to oxidative stress, in fish muscle. The use of an oxygen absorber for packaging can allow us to take in a sufficient amount of the bioactive compound from fish meat after storage as well as fresh fish.
Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Control of Nonlinear Uncertain Systems: An Information-Based Diagnostic Approach (2004)

This paper presents a unified methodology for detecting, isolating and accommodating faults in a class of nonlinear dynamic systems. A fault diagnosis component is used for fault detection and isolation. On the basis of the fault information obtained by the fault-diagnosis procedure, a fault-tolerant control component is designed to compensate for the effects of faults. In the presence of a fault, a nominal controller guarantees the boundedness of all the system signals until the fault is detected. Then the controller is reconfigured after fault detection and also after fault isolation, to improve the control performance by using the fault information generated by the diagnosis module. Under certain assumptions, the stability of the closed-loop system is rigorously investigated. It is shown that the system signals remain bounded and the output tracking error converges to a neighborhood of zero.
¡Niké, niké, niké! (2020)

Los riders de las plataformas de entrega fisica causan, por su sola imagen, una alarma social que se ve agudizada por las condiciones 
laborales. La regulacion apenas puede copar con el rapido despliegue de estos nuevos trabajos y surgen los conflictos. Todo se arreglara, 
no sin esfuerzos de todas las partes sociales. Pero tambien se puede ver en los riders, a pesar de su apariencia, a los heraldos de un trabajo 
mejor en el futuro, cuando la digitalizacion se haya puesto al servicio de la productividad y calidad del trabajo.
Current-Induced Magnetic Domain Wall Motion in Co/Ni Nanowire at Low Temperature (2011)

Magnetic domain wall (DW) motion induced by currents in a perpendicularly magnetized Co/Ni nanowire has been investigated both at room temperature and low temperature. The threshold current density was almost independent of temperature, although the external magnetic field to depin a DW was doubled at low temperature. The result is consistent with the theory based on the adiabatic spin transfer model.