gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The influence of traumatic intrusion of primary teeth on their permanent successors in monkeys A macroscopic, polarized light and scanning electron microscopic study (1977)

Primary maxillary and mandibular central incisors were experimentally intruded on 13 monkeys, in order to examine changes of the enamel in the permanent successors. To study the effect of removal of the displaced tooth, the left primary incisor was extracted 1 h after the trauma, whereas that on the right was left in the jaw. Six weeks later the animals were sacrificed. Macroscopically, circumscribed areas of opacities on labial enamel were noted. The SEM examination showed that non-affected parts of enamel had reached anatomical form, whereas inhibition studies and microradiographs demonstrated that the maturation process was far from complete. Arrest of enamel maturation was noted as corresponding to the extent of the surface opacity. In the SEM small areas displaying rupture of the surface enamel were seen. No differences were observed either macroscopically or histologically in relation to immediate removal or preservation of the intruded primary incisor.
Learning Based Media Access Control for UAV Ad-Hoc Networks (2020)

With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and the drastic growth of multi-UAV collaborative applications, research on UAV Ad-Hoc Network (UAVNET) has received extensive attention in recent years. Due to the decentralization nature and being prone to failure and high dynamics, the performance of traditional contention-based carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) protocols and variants is far from satisfaction for UAVNETs. In this paper, we propose an intelligent access mechanism based on actor-critic (AC) algorithm, called AC-CSMA, with aim of achieving low access collision rate and high throughput for UAVNETs in dynamic environments. The UAVs are modeled as decision-making agents without priori information about the network (e.g., the number of nodes, link conditions, and other agents' strategies). Individual UAV agents learn their optimal strategy by using the historical sensory information including the number of collisions or successful transmissions. Numerical results show that the proposed AC-CSMA mechanism significantly outperforms traditional access mechanism in terms of collision rate and throughput for UAVNETs without compromising access fairness.
Maintenance metrics: A hierarchical model of balanced scorecard (2011)

The system of performance measurement of maintenance function should cover all processes related to it within the organization. There must be an interconnection between the different indicators, so the numbers can be interpreted in order to reach a good conclusion for decision making. This premise implies a hierarchy of indicators needed in a dual way. First, it will require maintenance indicators to be segmented according to the areas of influence for the rest of the organization, posed by interactions with finance department, human resources, purchasing, and, of course, with production in the seeking of compliance with corporate objectives. Simultaneously, these indicators correspond to different levels in the organization and therefore they will be segmented according to the hierarchical position of end users.
The design of experiments (DoE) in optimization of an aerobic flow Pd-catalyzed oxidation of alcohol towards an important aldehyde precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase inhibitor (CPL302415) (2022)

Herein, we describe the development of a green, scalable flow Pd-catalyzed aerobic oxidation for the key step in the synthesis of CPL302415, which is a new PI3K<i>δ</i> inhibitor. Applying this environmental-friendly, sustainable catalytic oxidation we significantly increased product yield (up to 84%) and by eliminating of workup step, we improved the waste index and E factor (up to 0.13) in comparison with the stoichiometric synthesis. The process was optimized by using the DoE approach.
Fiber-optic pressure transducer for use near MR magnetic fields. (1985)

Measurement of physiologic pressures in the vicinity of magnetic fields has been difficult because present pressure transducers contain conductive elements. A fiber-optic pressure transducer was developed that contains no conductive parts and is useful for making continuous pressure measurements within magnetic resonance magnetic fields.
Semiautomatic segmentation and quantification of calcified plaques in intracoronary optical coherence tomography images (2010)

Coronary calcified plaque (CP) is both an important marker of atherosclerosis and major determinant of the success of coronary stenting. Intracoronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) with high spatial resolution can provide detailed volumetric characterization of CP. We present a semiautomatic method for segmentation and quantification of CP in OCT images. Following segmentation of the lumen, guide wire, and arterial wall, the CP was localized by edge detection and traced using a combined intensity and gradient-based level-set model. From the segmentation regions, quantification of the depth, area, angle fill fraction, and thickness of the CP was demonstrated. Validation by comparing the automatic results to expert manual segmentation of 106 in vivo images from eight patients showed an accuracy of 78±9%. For a variety of CP measurements, the bias was insignificant (except for depth measurement) and the agreement was adequate when the CP has a clear outer border and no guide-wire overlap. These results suggest that the proposed method can be used for automated CP analysis in OCT, thereby facilitating our understanding of coronary artery calcification in the process of atherosclerosis and helping guide complex interventional strategies in coronary arteries with superficial calcification.
SQUID-Detected MRI in the Limit of Zero Static Field (2009)

This thesis describes an implementation of the so-called"zero-field MRI" (ZFMRI) pulse sequence, which allows for imaging in an arbitrarily low B0 field. The ZFMRI sequence created an effective unidirectional gradient field by using a train of pi pulses to average out the concomitant gradient components during encoding. The signals were acquired using a low-transition temperature dc Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (low-Tc dc SQUID) coupled to a first-order axial gradiometer. The experiments were carried out in a liquid helium dewar which was magnetically shielded with a single-layer mu-metal can around the outside and a superconducting Pb can contained within the helium space. We increased the filling factor of the custom-made, double-walled Pyrex insert by placing the liquid alcohol sample, at a temperature of approximately -50 degrees C, at the center of one loop of the superconducting gradiometer, which was immersed in the helium bath.
Multi-Edge Server-Assisted Dynamic Federated Learning With an Optimized Floating Aggregation Point (2023)

We propose cooperative edge-assisted dynamic federated learning ( <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE-FL</monospace> ). <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE-FL</monospace> introduces a distributed machine learning (ML) architecture, where data collection is carried out at the end devices, while the model training is conducted cooperatively at the end devices and the edge servers, enabled via data offloading from the end devices to the edge servers through base stations. <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE-FL</monospace> also introduces floating aggregation point, where the local models generated at the devices and the servers are aggregated at an edge server, which varies from one model training round to another to cope with the network evolution in terms of data distribution and users’ mobility. <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE-FL</monospace> considers the heterogeneity of network elements in terms of communication/computation models and the proximity to one another. <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE-FL</monospace> further presumes a dynamic environment with online variation of data at the network devices which causes a drift at the ML model performance. We model the processes taken during <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE-FL</monospace> , and conduct analytical convergence analysis of its ML model training. We then formulate network-aware <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE-FL</monospace> which aims to adaptively optimize all the network elements via tuning their contribution to the learning process, which turns out to be a non-convex mixed integer problem. Motivated by the large scale of the system, we propose a distributed optimization solver to break down the computation of the solution across the network elements. We finally demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework with the data collected from a real-world testbed.
Suppressive Oligodeoxynucleotides Inhibit Th1 Differentiation by Blocking IFN-γ- and IL-12-Mediated Signaling (2004)

Repetitive TTAGGG motifs present at high frequency in mammalian telomeres can suppress Th1-mediated immune responses. Synthetic oligonucleotides (ODN) containing TTAGGG motifs mimic this activity and have proven effective in the prevention/treatment of certain Th1-dependent autoimmune diseases. This work explores the mechanism by which suppressive ODN block the induction of Th1 immunity. Findings indicate that these ODN inhibit IFN-gamma-induced STAT1 phosphorylation and IL-12-induced STAT3 and STAT4 phosphorylation. As a result, T-bet expression is reduced as is the maturation of naive CD4+ cells into Th1 effectors. These changes indirectly support the generation of Th2-dominated immune responses. Suppressive ODN may thus represent a novel approach to influence the Th1:Th2 balance in vivo.
Multimedia Convergence for Citizens' Well-Being (2020)

A digital twin is a digital replication of a living or non-living physical entity. By bridging the physical and the virtual worlds, data is transmitted seamlessly allowing the virtual entity to exist simultaneously with the physical entity. A digital twin facilitates the means to monitor, understand, and optimize the functions of the physical entity and provides continuous feedback to improve quality of life and wellbeing of citizens in smart cities. In this research program, we explore the design and development of frameworks, methodologies and methods regarding the convergence of multimedia technologies {AR/VR, AI, IoT, Big Data, Cybersecurity and 5G) towards the digital twin for health care. We address diverse challenges and the open research questions.
Silent Stroke (2012)

A significant number of strokes may be "silent" due to lack of awareness of stroke-like symptoms in the elderly and their families. Enhanced stroke prevention education strategies are needed for the elderly population and, in particular, for their families.
On the performance of swarm routing utilizing light-weight agents (2003)

In this work, we present a relaxed swarm-routing algorithm in the spirit or AntNet and agent based control (ABC). Our approach reduces the utilization of route tables by allowing for pure random route path searches similar to ABC while utilizing the current path diameter for updates as oppose to the commonly used link delay metrics.
Rare-earth ions doped heavy metal germanium tellurite glasses for fiber lighting in minimally invasive surgery (2010)

In Er(3+)/Yb(3+) codoped Na(2)O-ZnO-PbO-GeO(2)-TeO(2) (NZPGT) glass fiber, a clear and compact green upconversion amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) trace is observed, and the NZPGT glasses are proved to be a desirable candidate in fabricating low-phonon energy fiber. Intense green upconversion luminescence of Er(3+), balanced green and red upconversion emissions of Ho(3+), and dominant three-photon blue upconversion fluorescence of Tm(3+) have been represented. By varying the excitation power of 974 nm wavelength laser diode, a series of green and white fluorescences have been achieved in Tm(3+)/Er(3+)/Yb(3+) and Tm(3+)/Ho(3+)/Yb(3+) triply doped glass systems, respectively. These results reveal that high-intensity blue, green, and white upconversion ASE fluorescences, which can be adopted for lighting in minimally invasive photodynamic therapy and minimally invasive surgery, are reasonable to be expected in rare-earth doped NZPGT glass fibers.
The sorption behaviour of amine micropollutants on polyethylene microplastics – impact of aging and interactions with green seaweed (2020)

Microplastics are ubiquitous in the environment. Due to still rising global production, the emission of polymers into the environment and the abundance of microplastics have increased accordingly. Due to the long mineralization processes of microplastics, distribution in all compartments can be found. The hydrophobic surfaces of the particles can sorb chemical pollutants, therefore providing a potential pathway to accumulation by organisms within the food web. However, little is known about how long-term aging and degradation processes of microplastics can affect the sorption behaviours of organic pollutants on the particles. In this study, important industrial additives of emerging environmental concern, such as hydrophobic aromatic amines, were studied in relation to their sorption behaviour on high-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene microplastics. Diphenylamine (log POW (logarithmic octanol-water partition coefficient) = 3.5) showed strong sorption, carbamazepine (log POW = 2.5) showed moderate sorption, and aniline (log POW = 0.9) showed no detectable sorption behaviour. Artificially aged particles exposed to photochemical aging and long-term mechanical treatment in water were compared to pristine microplastics. While mechanically aged microplastics promoted the sorption of aromatic amines, photochemically aged particles showed a decrease in sorption capacity due to changed surface chemistry. Importantly, the sorption capacity increased with increasing salinity, leading to strong implications for ocean systems, as an elevated uptake of pollutants could occur under marine conditions. Moreover, our study demonstrates that the ecotoxicological effects of diphenylamine on the growth of the seaweed Ulva (sea lettuce, Chlorophyta) were reduced in the presence of microplastics. As the plastic particles withdrew enough contaminants from solution, even toxic levels of diphenylamine (c = 10-4 M) became tolerable for the algae. However, the pollutants initially sorbed on the microplastics can be released again at a later point in the ageing process, thus having delayed pollution potential.
Dynamic Dilution Effects in Polymeric Networks (2006)

Abstract The relaxation processes occurring in slightly and well-entangled polydimetylsiloxane (PDMS) networks are investigated. Swelling experiments are performed in order to determine the sol fractions. The low-frequency linear rheology of the two types of networks reveal two significant relaxation processes, namely the reptation of linear species within the network and the arm withdrawal process of star arms in the sol fraction and of dangling single-chain ends attached to the network. The relaxation spectra are influenced by the stoichiometry to a large extent due to dynamic dilution effects caused by the change in the amount of dangling arms and solubles with stoichiometry. The star arm relaxation is suppressed by washing out the sol fraction which is seen as a clear example of the dynamic dilution effect arising from the small amount of non-reactive PDMS.
Growth of Boric Acid Crystallites on the Surface of Boron‐Doped Silicon Carbide Samples (1996)

White crystallites were visually observed on fractured or polished surfaces of SiC samples (grain sizes below ∼500 nm) during exposure to air at room temperature for several days. Characterization of the crystallites by scanning electron microscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction identified B(OH) 3 crystals with a strong (002) texture. The rate of boric acid formation was determined by a gravimetric experiment. The rate of weight gain increased significantly after an incubation period of 1 week. Nucleation is initially the rate‐limiting process. Subsequently small B(OH) 3 crystals form on the surface, whose growth rate is determined by grain boundary diffusion of boron to the SiC surface. An estimated grain boundary diffusion coefficient of boron in SiC was many orders of magnitude higher than extrapolated literature values.
Removal of ethene to very low concentrations by immobilised mycobacterium E3 (1986)

Abstract Removal of ethene to concentrations below 1 vpm from the air in storage facilities is necessary to prevent the deterioration of stored fruits, vegetables and flowers. Ethene‐utilising Mycobacterium E3 organisms are able to oxidise ethene to these low concentrations. Ethene was oxidised at the same rate by organisms immobilised on lava or perlite as it was by the suspension of cells. The residence times in a gas/solid bioreactor necessary to convert 66% of the ethene with an initial concentration of 3.2 vpm, and with cell loads on lava of 0.72 or 0.36 mg protein g −1 support, were 15 s and 33 s respectively. Mycobacterium E3 organisms immobilised on lava lost half of their activity in 250 h while organisms immobilised on perlite lost half of their activity in 60 h. Although the operational stability of the biocatalyst should be improved and the biocatalyst is only suitable at temperatures above 10°C, the application of ethene‐utilising bacteria in a gas/solid bioreactor appears attractive.
A high performance hand-printed numeral recognition system with verification module (2002)

The paper describes a high performance offline system for recognizing hand printed numerals. An innovative verification module is applied which drastically improves the recognition rate. The approaches used in the modules are described. The importance of the verification module is analysed in detail. A practical automatic form reading system TOCR V1.0 was developed based on the algorithms. The system was put into practical use in several provinces of China for statistical analysis of Revenue China. Test results are given based on: 1) data collected when the system was used in China, as well as 2) the CENPARMI database.
Anomalous luminescence of ZnO nanoparticles irradiated by the nonresonant intense THz pulses (2016)

We report anomalous luminescence in ZnO nanocrystals under the nonresonant THz free electron laser excitation. The strong excitation-frequency and power dependences of the time-resolved luminescence measurement show that the electrons emitted via field electron emission excite the nitrogen molecules in the air and nanoparticles selectively.
Soliton Resonances in Dispersion Oscillating Optical Fibers (2009)

A novel method to increase the pulse repetition rate by means of flssion of second- order solitons in the flber with periodically modulated dispersion is studied. The experiments conflrm the results of numerical simulations. The e-cient doubling of the pulse repetition rate takes place in dispersion oscillating flber (DOF). Good agreement between theory and experiment was obtained.
Automatic Extrinsic Calibration of 3D LIDAR and Multi-Cameras Based on Graph Optimization (2022)

In recent years, multi-sensor fusion technology has made enormous progress in 3D reconstruction, surveying and mapping, autonomous driving, and other related fields, and extrinsic calibration is a necessary condition for multi-sensor fusion applications. This paper proposes a 3D LIDAR-to-camera automatic calibration framework based on graph optimization. The system can automatically identify the position of the pattern and build a set of virtual feature point clouds, and can simultaneously complete the calibration of the LIDAR and multiple cameras. To test this framework, a multi-sensor system is formed using a mobile robot equipped with LIDAR, monocular and binocular cameras, and the pairwise calibration of LIDAR with two cameras is evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. The results show that this method can produce more accurate calibration results than the state-of-the-art method. The average error on the camera normalization plane is 0.161 mm, which outperforms existing calibration methods. Due to the introduction of graph optimization, the original point cloud is also optimized while optimizing the external parameters between the sensors, which can effectively correct the errors caused during data collection, so it is also robust to bad data.
AN ELLIPTIC-FUNCTION LOW-PASS FILTER WITH A RING-RESONATOR (2005)

This paper proposed a new elliptic-function low-pass filter (LPF). This LPF includes a ring resonator in order to create a transmission zero just above its cut-off frequency, and can eliminate coupled-lines in conventional elliptic-function LPFs, resulting in a more simplified design and fabrication of the elliptic-function LPF. The LPF can realize a sharp frequency selectivity which is especially useful for reduction of spurious spectra in feeding networks for antennas.
COMET: code offload by migrating execution transparently (2012)

In this paper we introduce a runtime system to allow unmodified multi-threaded applications to use multiple machines. The system allows threads to migrate freely between machines depending on the workload. Our prototype, COMET (Code Offload by Migrating Execution Transparently), is a realization of this design built on top of the Dalvik Virtual Machine. COMET leverages the underlying memory model of our runtime to implement distributed shared memory (DSM) with as few interactions between machines as possible. Making use of a new VM-synchronization primitive, COMET imposes little restriction on when migration can occur. Additionally, enough information is maintained so one machine may resume computation after a network failure.We target our efforts towards augmenting smartphones or tablets with machines available in the network. We demonstrate the effectiveness of COMET on several real applications available on Google Play. These applications include image editors, turn-based games, a trip planner, and math tools. Utilizing a server-class machine, COMET can offer significant speed-ups on these real applications when run on a modern smartphone. With WiFi and 3G networks, we observe geometric mean speed-ups of 2.88× and 1.27× relative to the Dalvik interpreter across the set of applications with speed-ups as high as 15× on some applications.
Gastric volvulus and giant Bochdalek hernia in an adult patient that were safely repaired by endoscopic reduction and elective laparoscopic surgery (2020)

A Bochdalek hernia (BH) is a congenital abnormality with incomplete closure of the diaphragm. It is usually manifested in infants but rarely in adults. Here, we report an adult patient with gastric volvulus and giant BH that were safely repaired by endoscopic reduction and elective laparoscopic surgery, respectively. A 79-year-old woman presented with left upper abdominal pain but no history of trauma. CT revealed a giant BH with gastric volvulus. After emergency endoscopic reduction of the volvulus, elective laparoscopic repair of the BH was performed. The 8 × 8-cm defect was repaired with interrupted nonabsorbable sutures and a mesh. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and no complications or recurrence were observed in the 6 months that followed.