gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A dynamic programming approach to optimal load shedding control of cascading failure in DC power networks (2016)

We postulate the problem of optimal load shedding over multiple rounds to prevent cascading failure in power networks as a dynamic programming problem over a state space consisting of discrete and continuous variables, corresponding to link active status and demand-supply at the nodes respectively. We propose a generic branch and bound algorithm for this problem, and present tools to reduce the associated computational complexity. In particular, we adapt results on rank one perturbations of pseudo-inverse of Laplacian matrices to compute flow redistribution under link failure, and introduce monotonicity properties under which the set of control policies requiring consideration reduces to a considerably small set. These tools are illustrated in the context of proportional load shedding control and simple network topologies. Simulation results to compare the residual load under an optimal control policy and under an optimal proportional control policy, on a benchmark IEEE network, are also included.
A full‐duplex ultra‐wideband over multimode fiber link for internet of things based smart home applications (2020)

Abstract We propose a bidirectional ultra‐wideband (UWB) over multi‐mode fiber link for internet of things based smart home applications that is compatible with globally emerging green radio trend. Employing direct modulation and coupled with carrier‐reuse makes the proposed architecture cost efficient. UWB signals are all‐optically generated by converting phase modulation to intensity modulation by using a shaping filter that has a Gaussian profile. Bidirectional data at the rate of 2 Gbps is transmitted while achieving low receiver sensitivities.
ADAMTS proteases and cancer (2015)

ADAMTSs (A disintegrin and metalloprotease domains with thrombospondins motifs) are complex extracellular proteases that have been related to both oncogenic and tumor-protective functions. These enzymes can be secreted by cancer and stromal cells and may contribute to modify the tumor microenvironment by multiple mechanisms. Thus, ADAMTSs can cleave or interact with a wide range of extracellular matrix components or regulatory factors, and therefore affect cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and angiogenesis. The balance of protumor versus antitumor effects of ADAMTSs may depend on the nature of their substrates or interacting-partners upon secretion from the cell. Moreover, different ADAMTS genes have been found overexpressed, mutated or epigenetically silenced in tumors from different origins, suggesting the direct impact of these metalloproteases in cancer development. However, despite the important advances on the tumor biology of ADAMTSs in recent years, more mechanistic and functional studies are necessary to fully understand how these proteases can influence tumor microenvironment to potentiate cancer growth or to induce tumor regression. This review outlines current and emerging connections between ADAMTSs and cancer.
Quantitative Evaluation for the Peak Selectionin the Raman Spectroscopy Classification of Plastics Based on the Support Vector Machine (2020)

To perform mechanical recycling of massive amounts of waste plastics, we developed an identifier oriented on industrial use and based on Raman spectroscopy. For the purpose of designing a practical classification technique that is accurate, fast, and robust against external noise, a simple comparison of spectroscopic peak intensities is considered to be more useful than a complicated multivariate analysis. However, such peak choosing is carried out empirically so far based on expert spectroscopic knowledges. In this report, we successfully demonstrate the classification of three kind plastics using only two peaks that are selected based on support vector machine (SVM) of machine learning; three types of plastic, polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer (ABS), are categorized well even in the case of the large artificially generated noise conditions. We could choose automatically a set of two peaks among six sets of four peaks that become candidates in the Raman spectra. Margin values in SVM allow obtaining the decisive information on how to select the peaks in the spectra quantitatively, for distinguishing different types of plastics.
Impact of Prenatal Exposure to Piperonyl Butoxide and Permethrin on 36-Month Neurodevelopment (2011)

Prenatal exposure to piperonyl butoxide was negatively associated with 36-month neurodevelopment.
Automatic Generation of English Vocabulary Tests (2015)

This paper presents a novel method for automatically generating English vocabulary tests using TOEFL vocabulary

questions as a model. English vocabulary questions in TOEFL is a multiple-choice question consisting

of four components: a target word, a reading passage, a correct answer and distractors. Given a target

word, we generate a reading passage from Web texts retrieved from the Internet, and then employ that reading

passage and the WordNet lexical dictionary for generating question options, both the correct answer and

distractors. Human evaluation indicated that 45% of the responses from English teachers mistakenly judged

the automatically generated questions by the proposed method to be human-generated questions. In addition,

half of the machine-generated questions were received average rating more than or equals than 3 in 5 point

scale. This suggests that our machine-generated questions succeeded in capturing some characteristics of the

human-generated questions, and half of them can be used for English test.
Hybrid Amino Acid‐TiO2 Materials with Tuneable Crystalline Structure and Morphology for Photocatalytic Applications (2021)

Abstract A method to produce hybrid organotitanias, both as thin films and suspensions, showing excellent photocatalyic activity in the degradation of organic dyes in aqueous solutions under visible light irradiation is disclosed. This method is based on the in situ incorporation of an amino acid, l ‐tyrosine, during the synthesis of the titanias owing to its coordination and co‐condensation with the titania precursor under acidic conditions. This methodology allows the fine ‐tuning of their crystalline structure, size, and shape by simply varying the pH of the synthesis gel, leading to anatase nanoparticles of ≈5 nm and surface areas of ≈200 m 2 g −1 at pH = 2.2, while highly crystalline rutile nanorods are formed at pH = 0. The incorporation of l ‐tyrosine to both anatase nanoparticles and rutile nanorods enables these materials to absorb light in the visible range due to both the decrease in their band gap, as compared to the reference materials, and the presence of additional absorption edges at wavelengths higher than 400 nm. Consequently, the photocatalytic activity of both hybrid anatase nanoparticles and rutile nanorods exhibits a 120% enhanced photocatalytic efficiency, as compared to that of l ‐Tyr‐free titanias and the commercial P25, which confirms their potential application in water remediation.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Exosomal Annexin II Promotes Angiogenesis and Breast Cancer Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Signaling pathways induced by exosomal AnxA2&lt;/p&gt;
Genetic fine structure of the albino (al) region ofNeurospora crassa (1970)

SUMMARY By crossing a pair of albino strains each with a different adjacent nutritional marker and then crossing the same pair of albino markers with the nutritional markers transposed it was possible to order a series of al mutants with a resolution approaching that available for nutritional markers. A genetic map with approximated distances is provided demonstrating a grouping of mutant sites for a range of discrete carotenoidless phenotypes.
Palladium-catalyzed vinyl substitution reactions. I. New synthesis of 2- and 3-phenyl-substituted allylic alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones from allylic alcohols (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed vinyl substitution reactions. I. New synthesis of 2- and 3-phenyl-substituted allylic alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones from allylic alcoholsAlan J. Chalk and Steven A. MagennisCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 2, 273–278Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00864a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00864a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views973Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Relative inductance extraction method (2004)

A new relative inductance extraction method is defined to solve massive coupled RLC interconnects. The new relative inductance generates a sparse inductance matrix. Therefore, it enables modeling of large circuits with reasonable speed and accuracy. It maintains accuracy for all frequencies, even for the cases that there are no near return paths. Simulations done for a 16 bit bus with each line divided into 16 segments show that this method is 4 times faster than using the dense inductance matrix.
Dissolved Wear Metal Monitoring in Lubricating Fluids (2007)

Lubricating fluids play a critical role in the operation of many machines in commerce, industry, and the military. Failure of a lubricant often results in accelerated metal wear and the release of wear debris in the lubricant. Early detection of abnormal metal wear is important for fault detection and failure prevention. An electrochemical cell can be operated in a lubricating fluid in such a way that the operating characteristics of the cell can provide an indication of the chemistry of the fluid. For example, certain ions in the fluid, such as wear metal ions, will react to particular potential values applied to electrodes in the electrochemical cell. By applying a changing potential across the electrodes in an electrochemical cell and observing the resulting current it is possible to detect and identify the ionic species present in the lubricating fluid. The objective is to provide real-time monitoring of lubricating fluids using an in situ sensor to detect and diagnose conditions leading to machinery failure. A series of experiments have been conducted to confirm the ability of an electrochemical cell to detect wear metal ions in lubricating fluids extracted from machinery. Additional tests have been conducted to test the hypothesis that the presence and amount of wear metal ions corresponds to the type and amount of wear particles in the fluid. Initial laboratory tests have established a positive correlation with wear particles detected in used lubricating oil with ion presence determined using ion chromatography. The results reported indicate that a small, real-time multielement sensor with an electrochemical cell will be able to detect wear metal ions and provide an early indication of unusual material wear. This capability may provide an early warning of atypical wear patterns and provide a cue to an operator or service engineer indicating the type of fault occurring and the specific component experiencing wear or early failure.
Trace Compaction using SAT-based Reachability Analysis (2007)

In today's designs, when functional verification fails, engineers perform debugging using the provided error traces. Reducing the length of error traces can help the debugging task by decreasing the number of variables and clock cycles that must be considered. We propose a novel trace length compaction approach based on SAT-based reachability analysis. We develop procedures and algorithms using pre-image computation to efficiently traverse the state space and reduce the trace lengths. We further introduce a data structure used to store the visited states which is critical to the performance of the proposed approach. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the reachability approach as approximately 75% of the traces are reduced by one or two orders of magnitudes.
Guidance from a special teacher: My teacher, TKV Desikachar (2013)

This is an excerpt from an article written to honour the celebrations for the 75th birthday of TKV Desikachar, yoga teacher and son of the extraordinary scholar and Yoga Teacher, Sri Krishnamacharya. As a personal story it describes the way in which a guru or inspirational teacher might lead a person through the creative experience of chaos to a place of peace and resolution.
Computed tomography perfusion of the liver: assessment of pure portal blood flow studied with CT perfusion during superior mesenteric arterial portography (2004)

CT perfusion studies during superior mesenteric arterial portography allow quantitative assessment of pure portal blood flow in the liver.
Human interferon--properties, clinical application, and production. (1982)

Interferon synthesis is stimulated by a variety of factors including exposure to virus, antigen, or antibody and various mitogens. Three classes of interferon have been described and multiple subtypes identified. The use of interferon in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer and viral infections has been limited by the relatively low quantities of interferon available. Nonetheless, preliminary evidence suggests that human interferon has potent pharmacologic activity against at least some forms of cancer and viral infection. Extended clinical evaluation will be made possible by newly developed production processes, including the application of large scale biosynthesis and separation methodologies to interferon produced by human cells and the incorporation of human genes for interferons into simple, unicellular organisms.
A randomised comparison of the effect of haemodynamic monitoring with CardioMEMS in addition to standard care on quality of life and hospitalisations in patients with chronic heart failure (2019)

The MONITOR HF trial will evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of haemodynamic monitoring by CardioMEMS in addition to standard HF care in patients with chronic HF. Clinical Trial Registration number NTR7672.
Shortest Path to a Segment and Quickest Visibility Queries (2015)

We show how to preprocess a polygonal domain with a fixed starting point s in order to answer efficiently the following queries: Given a point q, how should one move from s in order to see q as soon as possible? This query resembles the well-known shortest-path-to-a-point query, except that the latter asks for the fastest way to reach q, instead of seeing it. Our solution methods include a data structure for a different generalization of shortest-path-to-a-point queries, which may be of independent interest: to report efficiently a shortest path from s to a query segment in the domain.
Data from Activation of CCR9/CCL25 in Cutaneous Melanoma Mediates Preferential Metastasis to the Small Intestine (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Specific chemokines and their respective receptors have been implicated in distant tumor cell metastasis. Cutaneous melanoma has a distinct pattern of metastasis, preferentially targeting the submucosa of the small intestine. However, the underlying pathogenic mechanism remains unknown. Migration of CCR9(+) lymphocytes to the small intestine is known to occur in response to the chemoattractant effects of CCL25 (thymus-expressed chemokine). The integrin heterodimers αβ are also known to be important mediators of cellular adhesion. We hypothesize that the mechanism of small intestinal metastasis by melanoma is via the CCR9-CCL25 axis and specific integrins.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry were used to assess melanoma tumors for CCR9 and CCL25. Integrin expression was assessed using flow cytometry. CCR9 expression by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR was assessed in primary (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 23) and metastatic (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 198) melanomas, and melanoma lines derived from small intestinal metastases (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 23).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We showed CCR9 expression in 88 of 102 paraffin-embedded metastatic melanomas from the small intestine, 8 of 8 melanoma lines derived from metastases in the small intestine, and 0 of 96 metastatic melanomas from other sites. &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; migration and invasion studies done on CCR9(+) melanoma lines showed migration in response to CCL25 that was inhibited by anti-CCR9 antibody or by short interfering RNA CCR9. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed CCR9 expression by melanomas to the small intestine and showed concomitant α&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;β&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; integrin expression.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our findings show that functionally active CCR9 on melanoma cells facilitates metastasis to the small intestine. The CCR9-CCL25 axis may explain the high incidence of melanoma metastasis to this specific location.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Molecular genetics in the National Health Service in Britain. (1989)

A recent report from the Departments of Health draws attention to the value of DNA diagnosis for inherited diseases and the need for planning these services in the National Health Service. There is great potential for preventive medicine, but a major immediate benefit is the newfound ability to exclude the carrier state in many people at risk and to protect fetuses from abortion when, as in most cases, they are shown to be normal by DNA tests. However, the widespread application of these new techniques requires prior evaluation and general acceptance. This will only be obtained after public debate, education of professionals and the population, and the establishment of adequate non-directive genetic counselling services. Some of the points to be considered in setting up molecular genetics laboratories are described.
Study on CNN in the recognition of emotion in audio and images (2016)

In this paper, the performance of Convolution Neural Network (CNN) in image recognition and emotion recognition in speech will be compared and presented. Feature extraction and selection in pattern recognition is an important issue and have been frequently discussed. Moreover, two-dimensional signals such as image and voice are hard to be modelled well by traditional models like SVM. The ability of CNN to characterize two-dimensional signals is prominent. And CNN can adaptively extract feature to eliminate the dependence on human subjectivity or experience. It mimics the effect of local filtering in visual cortex cells to dig local correlation in natural dimensional space. In this work, for the problems of the image recognition and emotion recognition in speech, CNN and SVM which is used as baseline for comparison of the recognition effect. Different kernel functions in SVM have been experimented for image recognition with, the best accuracy is 94.17%. However, the accuracy of using CNN is 95.5% (7291 pictures for train and 2007 pictures for test) with less time consuming. In the emotion recognition of speech, the accuracy of CNN is 97.6% corresponds to 55.5% by baseline model (4000 utterances for training, 1500 for validation, 500 for test). The experimental results showed that CNN can effectively extract features and its modeling capability for two-dimensional signals is prominent.
The generality constraint and conscious thought (1987)

The generality constraint and conscious thought Get access G. R. Gillett G. R. Gillett Magdalen College and Ian Ramsey CentreOxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Analysis, Volume 47, Issue 1, January 1987, Pages 20–24, https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/47.1.20 Published: 01 January 1987
Curvature-induced lateral phase segregation in two-component vesicles (1993)

Shape transformations of two-compoent vesicles in which the spontaneous curvature depends on the local compositions in the two monolayers are investigated theoretically. Even if the two components do not exhibit lateral phase separation in spherical vesicles, temperature-induced shape transformations cause lateral phase segregation. Vesiculation of smaller buds is favored in the two-component system. In two-component vesicles with intermonolayer phase separation, thermal budding is dominated by the different thermal expansion coefficients of the two monolayers.
Propagating Uncertainty in Power Flow With the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (2017)

In this paper, we develop an optimization-based method to propagate input and parametric uncertainty to the power flow solution. The approach is based on maximizing and minimizing quadratic approximations of the power-flow states as a function of the uncertainties subject to inequality constraints that capture all possible values the uncertain elements can take. A major computational bottleneck in such an approach is that the formulation of the quadratic approximations requires the solution of sensitivities (up to second order) from algebraic equations that are derived from the power flow equations. We demonstrate how decoupling assumptions based on the form and function of power networks can be applied to facilitate computations in this regard. The formulated quadratic programs are non-convex in general, and we adopt the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers to solve them. Conditions for convergence in this non-convex setting are established leveraging recent advances in optimization theory. Numerical simulations for the matpower 1354-bus test system are provided to validate the accuracy and demonstrate the scalability of the approach.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐SILYLIERTE ISOTHIOHARNSTOFF‐DERIVATE (1971)

Abstract Die N‐ständigen Protonen des Isothioharnstoffes (I), der leicht zugänglichen Isothiuroniumsalze (V) sowie der cyclischen Isothioharnstoffe (X) werden durch Silylierung mit Trimethylchlorsilan (II)/Triäthylamin substituiert.