gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Morphology of a Discotic Liquid Crystalline Charge Transfer Complex B (2012)

Discotic liquid crystalline (DLC) charge transfer (CT) complexes, which combine visible light absorption with rapid charge transfer characteristics within the CT complex, can have a great potential for photovoltaic applications when they can be made to self-assemble in a bulk heterojunction arrangement with separate channels for electron and hole conduction. However, the morphology of some liquid crystalline CT complexes has been under debate for many years. In particular, the liquid crystalline CT complex built from the electron acceptor 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone (TNF) and discotic molecules has been reported to have the TNF “sandwiched” either between the discotic molecules within the same column or between the columns within the aliphatic tails of the discotic molecules. We present a detailed structural study of the prototypic 1:1 mixture of the discotic 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexakis(hexyloxy)triphenylene (HAT6) and TNF. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) line widths and cross-polarization rates are consistent with the picosecond time scale anisotropic thermal motions of the HAT6 and TNF molecules previously observed. By computational integration of Rietveld refinement analyses of neutron diffraction patterns with density experiments and short-range structural constraints from heteronuclear 2D NMR, we determine that the TNF molecules are vertically oriented between HAT6 columns. The data provide the insight that a morphology of separate hole conducting channels of HAT6 molecules can be realized in the liquid crystalline CT complex.
Insulinoma in a 94-year-old Woman: Long-term Therapy with Verapamil (1986)

Several drugs can be used to control hypoglycemia caused by insulin-secreting pancreatic tumors but none are reliably efficacious or free of side effects. We report the case of a woman with an insulinoma who refused surgical intervention and was successfully treated with the Ca2+-channel blocker verapamil.
Blockade of caspase‐1 increases neurogenesis in the aged hippocampus (2007)

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis dramatically decreases with increasing age, and it has been proposed that this decline contributes to age-related memory deficits. Central inflammation contributes significantly to the decrease in neurogenesis associated with ageing. Interleukin-1beta is a proinflammatory cytokine initially synthesized as an inactive precursor that is cleaved by caspase-1 to generate the biologically active mature form. Whether IL-1beta affects neurogenesis in the aged hippocampus is unknown. Here we analysed cells positive for 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU; 50 mg/kg) in animals in which cleavage of IL-1beta was inhibited by the caspase-1 inhibitor Ac-YVAD-CMK (10 pmol). Aged (22 months) and young (4 months) rats received Ac-YVAD-CMK for 28 days intracerebroventricularly through a brain infusion cannula connected to an osmotic minipump. Starting on day 14, animals received a daily injection of BrdU for five consecutive days. Unbiased stereology analyses performed 10 days after the last injection of BrdU revealed that the total number of newborn cells generated over a 5-day period was higher in young rats than in aged rats. In addition, there was a 53% increase in the number of BrdU-labelled cells of the aged Ac-YVAD-CMK-treated rats compared to aged controls. Immunofluorescence studies were performed to identify the cellular phenotype of BrdU-labelled cells. The increase in BrdU-positive cells was not due to a change in the proportion of cells expressing neuronal or glial phenotypes in the subgranular zone. These findings demonstrate that the intracerebroventricular administration of Ac-YVAD-CMK reversed the decrease in hippocampal neurogenesis associated with ageing.
Digital Optical Computing with Fibers and Directional Couplers (1989)

The goal of the Digital Optical Computing program of the Center for Optoelectronic Computing Systems is to design and demonstrate a prototype of a stored program optical computer using the knowledge base developed in connection with electronic digital computers. The target architecture is to be all-optical. This means that components with only optical inputs and outputs (except perhaps for power) are the basis of the architecture. The devices making up these components may have significant electronic parts which mediate the optical switching. From the architectural point of view, however, these components are treated as "black boxes" and could be replaced with any optical switching devices yielding the same functionality. The emphasis is thus on optical architecture, which we take to mean the architecture of a machine in which all information is carried between logic elements by optical signals, and in which the role of electronics interior to switching elements is minimized to the extent which is realizable.
Investigating the Influence of Ribavirin on Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus RNA Synthesis by Using a High-Resolution Transcriptome Sequencing Approach (2015)

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a major pediatric pathogen. Ribavirin can be used in children who are extremely ill to reduce the amount of virus and to lower the burden of disease. Ribavirin is used as an experimental therapy with other viruses. The mechanism of action of ribavirin against HRSV is not well understood, although it is thought to increase the mutation rate of the viral polymerase during replication. To investigate this hypothesis, we used a high-resolution approach that allowed us to determine the genetic sequence of the virus to a great depth of coverage. We found that ribavirin did not cause a detectable change in the relative amounts of viral mRNA transcripts. However, we found that ribavirin treatment did indeed cause an increase in the number of mutations, which was associated with a decrease in virus production.
Kinetic studies of interaction between acridine orange and DNA (1971)

Abstract The interaction between acridine orange (AO) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was studied by the stopped‐flow method. The spectral change of AO due to interaction with DNA was followed over the wavelength range 350–600 nm at various concentration ratios of DNA phosphate to dye. The spectral change observed by the stopped‐flow method was found distinctly different from that, during the dead‐time, leading to a conclusion that the binding of AO to the outside of DNA occurs much faster than the intercalation into base pairs of DNA. The dependence of the rate of reaction on the reactant concentration and on the salt, concentration of the solution was also studied. The results are consistent with the mechanism that the intercalation proceeds via the outside bound state.
Leuchtende Zukunft für effiziente weiße OLEDs (2010)

Abstract Tagsüber transparente und nachts leuchtende Fensterscheiben, leuchtende Tapeten oder Fliesen, durchsichtige Displays? Organische Leuchtdioden eröffnen viele faszinierende und neue Anwendungsfelder. Erste Produkte wie Fernseher, mp3‐Player oder Handy nutzen bereits ein Display aus organischenLeuchtdioden und profitieren von der hohen Energieeffizienz und dem überragenden Kontrast der OLEDs. Allerdings spielen die organischen Leuchtdioden ihre ganze Stärke hinsichtlich ihres geringen Energiebedarfs bei einem anderen Anwendungsfeld aus: der Beleuchtungstechnik.
POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES AS ABLATIVE MATERIALS-A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW (2013)

A comprehensive review was conducted on the research and development of polymer nanocomposites used as thermal protection systems (TPS) for re-entry vehicles and as nozzle and internal insulation materials for propulsion systems. This paper summarizes the significant R&D efforts on the studies of nanostructured ablative materials by scientists from China, India, Italy, Iran, and the US for the past decade. Thermoset, thermoplastics, elastomers, and thermoplastic elastomers were used as polymer matrices. Nanomaterials, such as montmorillonite organoclays, carbon nanofibers (CNFs), polyhedral oligomeric silssequioxanes (POSS), nanosilicas, nanoalumina, carbon black, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were incorporated into the different resin matrices as nanofillers. Conventional fibers, such as asbestos, carbon, glass, and silica, were used as reinforcements. Ablation mechanisms were studied and proposed by the researchers on their nanostructured ablatives.
Prevalence of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis and Associated Health Care Utilization Among Patients With Concomitant Asthma in US Commercial Claims Database (2019)

Objective To estimate the prevalence and associated disease burden of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) in patients with asthma from a US claims database. Methods Two cohorts were defined using enrollees (aged ≥18 years) from the Optum deidentified Clinformatics Datamart claims database 2010–2014, based on validated EGPA case definitions with varying specificity: EGPA 1 (main cohort; more specific; patients with 2 codes [in any combination] within 12 months of each other for eosinophilia, vasculitis, or mononeuritis multiplex) and EGPA 2 (sensitivity analysis cohort; less specific; patients with 2 codes of above conditions and/or neurologic symptoms within 12 months of each other). Patients had 3 or more asthma medications in the 12-month baseline before index date (date of the second code). Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis prevalence, asthma severity during the baseline period, oral corticosteroid (OCS) use, and health care utilization during the 12-month follow-up period were determined. Results Overall, 88 and 604 patients were included in main cohort EGPA 1 and sensitivity analysis cohort EGPA 2, respectively; corresponding annual EGPA prevalence rates were 3.2 to 5.9 and 23.4 to 30.7 cases/million patients. Approximately 75% of patients were prescribed OCS and ~30% experienced 1 or more hospitalization; 75% in EGPA 1 and 52% in EGPA 2 with 1 or more non-OCS prescription in the 90 days before index date had severe asthma. Conclusions Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis prevalence estimates varied based on specificity of the case definition but were generally consistent with previous country-specific estimates. Despite differences in prevalence, both cohorts displayed a generally similar, high burden of OCS use and health care utilization, highlighting the substantial disease burden among patients with EGPA and the need for specific treatments.
Identification of novel proteins in chemoresistant lung cancer cells by quantitative proteomics. (2018)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with a five-year survival rate of only 18%. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in addition to large cell lung cancer, comprise 85%-90% of all lung cancer diagnoses. Chemoresistance of the cancer cells is one of the reasons for the poor survival rate. In this research, we used mitoxantrone-induced resistant (MXR) NCl-H460 cells to find the mechanism of chemoresistance. We found that the MXR-resistant cells had high single-cell clonogenic ability like cancer stem cells. From the quantitative proteomics study, we found that the MXR-resistant cells high upregulated many metabolism and stem cell-related proteins, such as STAT3 and ALDH. The high level expression of histone 3.1 showed the possibility of genetic changing of resistant cells. Using Western blot assays, we confirmed enhancement of EZH2 in MXR-resistant NCl-H460 cells. Therefore, the EZH2-STAT3 pathway has an important role in the MXR-resistant NCI-H460 cancer cells. Both EZH2 and STAT3 can be used as new target proteins for chemotherapy in the treatment of large cell lung cancer.
Scytalidamides A and B, New Cytotoxic Cyclic Heptapeptides from a Marine Fungus of the Genus Scytalidium (2003)

Two new cyclic heptapeptides have been isolated from the culture broth of a marine fungus, Scytalidium sp., collected from the Bahamas. The planar structures of scytalidamides A (1) and B (2) were assigned on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques, while the absolute configuration of the amino acid residues in both molecules was determined by application of the advanced Marfey's method. The absolute stereochemistry of the uncommon 3-methylproline moiety in scytalidamide B (2) was confirmed by isolation and CD measurements, as well as application of the advanced Marfey's method. Scytalidamides A (1) and B (2) showed moderate in vitro cytotoxicity toward HCT-116 human colon adenocarcinoma with IC(50) values of 2.7 and 11.0 microM, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Hydrogenation of Thiophene to Thiolane in the Gas Phase. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fabrication of Al Microspheres by Utilizing Electromigration (2009)

Aluminum microspheres with diameters of 4-7 microm have been fabricated by utilizing electromigration. In a passivated Al line with a slit at the anode end, atoms accumulated before the slit due to high current density and high substrate temperature are released from the pre-introduced holes in the passivation layer, and form microspheres with aid of surface tension. The spheres are formed at the specific range of the temperature at the anode end of Al line.
ChemInform Abstract: New Crown Ether‐Like Macrocycles Containing a Nitrophenol Unit. Synthesis and Metal Ion Effects on the Reactivity of Their Acetates in Transacylation Reactions. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Simplified EPR4 detection (1998)

A new detector implementation for the extended class 4 partial response channel is presented. This implementation uses two, interleaved ternary 1-D detectors followed by a post-processor to detect the recorded data. The post-processor consists of a sequence check followed by a determination of the N most-likely paths through the two 1-D detectors, if necessary. This system is shown via simulation to perform as well as the standard EPRI maximum likelihood detector.
La integración de los procesos y funciones sustantivas universitarias como estrategia para contribuir al equilibrio entre equidad y calidad en instituciones de educación superior (2011)

This investigation had as main purpose to present an introduction about the importance of the integration of the university processes and functions as a strategy to contribute to the balance between equity and quality of the institutions of the higher education. Ton accomplish this aim, it was applied a documental investigation with autonomous design. This investigation allowed to assure that the educative university effort is carried out where educative processes are held; which go though all the actions and spaces of the educative organization from the classroom to the institutional life. Itas also shown that the integration of the university processes and main functions may contribute to the balance between equity and quality of rhe institutions of the higher education. It as also shown that the formation of a continuous and permanent process should be considered as an integrating part of the educative process, which involves all the educators and it should reach all the people in all its aspects during a vital cicle. Finally, the profesional formation, the investigation, the postgraduate courses and outskirt activities should be valued as complementary and integrated processes, which set together to motivation ease the balance between equity and quality.
Retracted article: Selective scission of pyridine–boronium complexes: mechanical generation of Brønsted bases and polymerizationcatalysts (2011)

The Royal Society of Chemistry hereby wholly retracts this Journal of Materials Chemistry article with the agreement of Christopher W. Bielawski, Andrew G. Tennyson and Kelly M. Wiggins (other co-authors could not be reached) due to data fabrication as detailed below. This retraction supersedes the information provided in the Expression of Concern related to this article. The Royal Society of Chemistry has been contacted by the corresponding author of this article and the Research Integrity Officer at The University of Texas at Austin regarding concerns of scientific misconduct affecting this article. The Research Integrity Officer has informed us that an investigation to ascertain the validity of the work reported has found that scientific misconduct by one of the articles co-authors has taken place as follows: the kinetics data and plots in this article were fabricated. Specifically, the rates and associated data in the Results and Discussion section were fabricated. The data acquired from the kinetics experiments discussed in the Supporting Information section entitled “3. Polymer Chain Scission Experiments: Kinetic Analyses”, was fabricated. The data found in Figures 1B, 1C, and 1D, Supplementary Figures S5 and S6, and Supplementary Table S2 was fabricated. In addition, all of the Gel Permeation Chromatographs presented in this article and the accompanying Supplementary Information were smoothed. The signing authors would like to apologise for this and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers. Signed: Christopher W. Bielawski, Andrew G. Tennyson and Kelly M. Wiggins, March 2015
Molecular Oxygen as a Redox Catalyst in Intramolecular Photocycloadditions of Coumarins (2012)

Oxygen as a catalyst! While oxygen is usually excluded in nonoxidative photochemical reactions, the photocycloaddition of 3-(alk-4-en-1-yl)-substituted coumarins greatly benefits from the presence of O2, which was shown to act as a redox catalyst, preferentially in combination with the common antioxidant 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (BHT).
Pyrimidine Salvage Enzymes in Microorganisms: Labyrinths of Enzymatic Diversity (1995)

Pyrimidine salvage pathways are essential to all cells. They provide a balance of RNA synthesis with the biosynthetic pathway in pyrimidine prototrophs and supply all the pyrimidine requirements in auxotrophs. While the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway is found in almost all organisms and is nearly identical throughout nature, the salvage pathway often differs from species to species, with aspects of salvage seen in every organism. Thus significant taxonomic value may be ascribed to the salvage pathway. The pyrimidine salvage pathways were studied in 55 microorganisms. Nine different salvage motifs, grouped I-IX, were identified in this study based on the presence of different combinations of the following enzymes: cytidine deaminase (Cdd), cytosine deaminase (Cod), uridine phosphorylase (Udp), uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (Upp), uridine hydrolase (Udh), nucleoside hydrolase (Nuh), uridine/cytidine kinase (Udk), 5'-nucleotidase and CMP kinase (Cmk).
Biasing Buckling Direction in Shape‐Programmable Hydrogel Sheets with Through‐Thickness Gradients (2019)

Abstract A photocrosslinkable poly( N , N ′‐diethylacrylamide) copolymer allows for the photolithographic fabrication of hydrogel sheets with nonuniform crosslinking density and swelling ratio. Using this material system, different 3D shapes with nonzero Gaussian curvature K are successfully programmed by prescribing a “metric” defined by in‐plane variations in swelling. However, this methodology does not control the direction of buckling adopted by each positive K feature, and therefore cannot controllably select between different isometric shapes defined by a single metric. Here, by introducing gradients in swelling through the thickness of the gel sheet by tuning the absorption of the UV‐light used for crosslinking, a preferential buckling direction is locally specified for each feature by the direction of UV exposure. By also controlling the strength of coupling between neighboring features, this is shown to be an effective method to program buckling direction of each unit within a canonical corrugated surface shape.
Date-Leaf Carbon Micro-Nanostructured Particles DLCMNPs for Enhance Oil Recovery (2019)

Abstract To make proper utilization of natural resources, we try to explore the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) potential of the date leaf as the date tree is available all over the Saudi Arab as well as the Middle East. The aims of the study are to develop carbon nanoparticle from green Date-leaf and apply in EOR process. Date-leaf carbon micro-nanostructured particles (DLCMNPs) were prepared from date leaves using pyrolysis method. After that, carboxylic acid functionalization was performed by acid treatment to make water soluble. Finally, morphological and chemical compositional characterizations of the DLCMNPs were done. Interfacial tension (IFT) between Arab light crude oil and DLCMNPs was measured using ASTM D 971-99a method [1] to find out the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and do core flood experiment. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopic (FESEM) images revealed that the carbon particles are in the range of few μm to 20 μm and are micro-nanostructured (i.e the micro-particles composed from nanosheets). The Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) indicates the presence of oxygen and little amount of silicon in addition to carbon in the particles. The TEM images indicated that the particles are porous in nature and contain nanosheets which correlate the findings of FESEM study. The selected area diffraction (SAED) pattern showed that the particles are crystalline in nature. XPS analysis of the DLCMNPs found that the presence of Si, C and O which was similar to the observation of EDS analysis. It also confirmed that the DLCMNPs is carboxylated functionalized. IFT between Arab Light crude oil and different concentrations of DLCMNPs solutions with distilled water were measured to determine the CMC. It was found that the particle has the capability to reduce IFT significantly. Core flood are going to conduct to explore the oil recovery potential. The novelty of this work are: (1) the DLCMNPs are invented from low cost and locally available biomass, and (2) it has the capability to reduce IFT which is a vital parameter of EOR process.
NF-Y Recruitment of TFIID, Multiple Interactions with Histone Fold TAFIIs (2002)

The nuclear factor y (NF-Y) trimer and TFIID contain histone fold subunits, and their binding to the CCAAT and Initiator elements of the major histocompatibility complex class II Ea promoter is required for transcriptional activation. Using agarose-electrophoretic mobility shift assay we found that NF-Y increases the affinity of holo-TFIID for Ea in a CCAAT- and Inr-dependent manner. We began to dissect the interplay between NF-Y- and TBP-associated factors PO1II (TAF(II)s)-containing histone fold domains in protein-protein interactions and transfections. hTAF(II)20, hTAF(II)28, and hTAF(II)18-hTAF(II)28 bind to the NF-Y B-NF-YC histone fold dimer; hTAF(II)80 and hTAF(II)31-hTAF(II)80 interact with the trimer but not with the NF-YB-NF-YC dimer. The histone fold alpha2 helix of hTAF(II)80 is not required for NF-Y association, as determined by interactions with the naturally occurring splice variant hTAF(II)80 delta. Expression of hTAF(II)28 and hTAF(II)18 in mouse cells significantly and specifically reduced NF-Y activation in GAL4-based experiments, whereas hTAF(II)20 and hTAF(II)135 increased it. These results indicate that NF-Y (i) recruits purified holo-TFIID in vitro and (ii) can associate multiple TAF(II)s, potentially accommodating different core promoter architectures.