gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Some unexplained properties of bird song (1977)

The standard theory of avian “song” production of Greenewalt [Bird Song: Acoustics and Physiology, Washington, D.C.(1968)] claims a generation by the syringeal internal tympaniform membrane, vibrating at a “carrier frequency,” with amplitude modulation supplied by secondary vibration of the external labium. Whether these are driving or driven members is currently under investigation. However, several interesting questions remain either unaddressed or unresolved. Vertical spectrographic lines appear at the onset of “voicing” for some species comparable to those for unvoiced stops in human speech; “trills” (8–25 per sec) too slow for “amplitude modulation” are found in others. What are the articulatory correlates for these phenomena? Again, Greenewalt has argued that for species which generate a harmonic series (he admits even most passerines can and do), the harmonic emphasized varies in ratio to how much the bird descends below a “frequency threshold” where the Fourier transform is actuated, but Sutherland and McChesney [“Sound production in two species of geese,” Living Bird 4, (1965)] have demonstrated that the harmonic emphasized by the blue and snow goose depends on tracheal length. Tracheal length for many species is such that it could reinforce source-generated harmonics. Possible articulatory correlates for the first two phenomena are discussed, and for the third problem spectrographic evidence is presented to support a theory that a frequency capable of tracheal reinforcement serves as a “target,” or “home” frequency for many species.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF NEW WATER‐SOLUBLE PHOSPHORUS‐ AND NITROGEN‐CONTAINING FIREPROOFING COMPOUNDS (1981)

Abstract Umsetzung von Alkylphosphonsäuredichloriden (IV), die auf dem im Formelschema skizzierten Weg zugänglich sind, mit Rhodaniden (V) führt zu den Isothiocyanaten (VI).
High quality graphene with large flakes exfoliated by oleyl amine (2010)

Large-flake graphene membranes up to 300 microm(2) can be exfoliated from graphite by oleyl amine based on solvothermal conditions. The exfoliated graphene sheets are of high quality and have few defects. The graphene dispersion, predominantly composed of monolayer graphene, had a high concentration of 0.15 mg ml(-1), and can be stabilized against re-aggregation.
Jacob Da Silva Solis-Cohen: America's first head and neck surgeon (1997)

Jacob Da Silva Solis-Cohen was a Renaissance physician and healer, who possessed great technical and intellectual skills. He was a self-made specialist in aerodigestive tract disease at a time when this was generally perceived as charlatanism. Unlike his contemporaries in laryngology, he was a trained surgeon, and he believed strongly that the laryngologist should be capable of doing his own surgery. Solis-Cohen was not a general surgeon who did work in the head and neck, but rather the first general surgeon who became a specialist in diseases of the upper air and food passages. His educational development is the model by which today's conventional paradigm in the training of Head and Neck Surgeons is designed. He fathered a medical and surgical specialty in America from its infancy in the 19th century until it was firmly grounded in the beginnings of this century. Just as Mosher was known as the "Chief" in the first half of this century, Jacob Da Silva Solis-Cohen had been designated the "Nestor" and "Chief" in laryngology many decades earlier. He died 2 months shy of 90 years on December 22, 1927.
Parasitological and pathological observations on schistosomiasis in sheep in Senegal (1984)

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INTEGRATED ROBOT-HUMAN CONTROL IN MINING OPERATIONS (2006)

This report describes the results of the 2nd year of a research project on the implementation of a novel human-robot control system for hydraulic machinery. Sensor and valve re-calibration experiments were conducted to improve open loop machine control. A Cartesian control example was tested both in simulation and on the machine; the results are discussed in detail. The machine tests included open-loop as well as closed-loop motion control. Both methods worked reasonably well, due to the high-quality electro-hydraulic valves used on the experimental machine. Experiments on 3-D analysis of the bucket trajectory using marker tracking software are also presented with the results obtained. Open-loop control is robustly stable and free of short-term dynamic problems, but it allows for drifting away from the desired motion kinematics of the machine. A novel, closed-loop control adjustment provides a remedy, while retaining much of the advantages of the open-loop control based on kinematics transformation. Additional analysis of previously recorded, three-dimensional working trajectories of the bucket of large mine shovels was completed. The motion patterns, when transformed into a family of curves, serve as the basis for software-controlled machine kinematics transformation in the new human-robot control system.
The Impacts of Aqueous Ions on Interfacial Tension and Wettability of an Asphaltenic–Acidic Crude Oil Reservoir during Smart Water Injection (2014)

The use of adjusted/optimized saline water categorized into two different classes namely smart water (SW) and low salinity (LoSal) water injection has been proposed for more oil recovery from specific types of oil reservoirs. There are possible mechanisms concerning SW flooding that have been proposed in the literature, some of them are still subject to more examination. In this study, an experimental investigation is performed to determine the influence of type and amount of salt to the surface properties including interfacial tension (IFT) and contact angle (CA) of aqueous solution + acidic and asphaltenic crude oil + carbonate rock systems. For this purpose, the concentration of different salts including NaCl, KCl, Na2SO4, MgSO4, CaSO4, CaCl2, and MgCl2 are examined in a wide range of concentrations. The measurements revealed that salinity has dual impacts on the CA of water wet surfaces of carbonate rock. That is, CA could remain unchanged or increase as a function of brine salinity, though the increase was still within the strongly water-wet region of wettability with high film stability. The results of IFT measurements show that using ions especially divalent cations in the presence of chloride anion could substantially decrease the IFT values. The results show that the lowest IFT values are obtained at high salinity conditions (above 0.053 mol·kg–1) especially if divalent ions of MgCl2 are utilized. High values of IFT are obtained if monovalent salts such as NaCl and KCl are used.
High power orbital-angular-momentum beam generation system based on coherent beam array combination technique (2017)

High power orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) beam has dominant advantages in capacity increasing and data receiving for free-space optical communication systems at long distance. Utilizing coherent combination of beam array technique and helical phase approximation by piston-phase-array, we have proposed a generation system of high power novel beam carrying OAM, which could overcome power limitation of common vortex phase modulator and single beam. We have experimentally implemented a high power OAM beam by coherent beam combination (CBC) of a six-element hexagonal fiber amplifier array. We show that the CBC technique utilized to control the piston phase differences among the array beams has a high accuracy with residual phase errors superior to λ/30. On the premise of CBC, we have obtained novel vortex beams carrying OAM of +/- 1 by applying an additional piston-phase-array modulation on the corresponding beam array. The experimental results approximately coincide with the theoretical analysis. This work could be beneficial to the areas that need high power OAM beams, like ultra-distance free-space optical communications, biomedical treatments, powerful trapping and manipulation under deep potential well.
Selective chemical surface modification of fluidic microsystems and characterization studies (2004)

Control of wetting behaviour of fluidic microsystems was achieved by selective chemical surface modification using either a solution-based procedure or micro-contact printing. The modification procedures were designed in such a way as to obtain optimum wetting in fluid channels, sample reservoirs and nozzles, while at the same time preventing intermixing of fluids from different nozzle exits and thus enabling multiple long-term stable delivery of nano-litre droplets. Analysis included thickness measurements by ellipsometry, contact angle measurements and fluorescence microscopy. Selectively coated TopSpot dosage chips as are used for the fabrication of DNA and protein micro-arrays exhibit superior performance over uncoated dosage chips. Mixed and back-filled silane coatings show enhanced stability versus hydrolysis in basic and acidic solutions, as has been determined from measurements of contact angle as a function of immersion time.
Central Action of Atropine on Cardiovascular Reflexes in Humans (1992)

Effects of exciting the central nervous system (CNS) with low doses of atropine on cardiovascular reflexes was investigated in 6 healthy volunteers. Cumulative doses of atropine sulfate (1.43-28.57 micrograms/kg intravenously, i.v.) were used. The ECG parameters used to quantify the nervous activities on the heart were ratios of the longest to the shortest R-R intervals recorded during forced expirations and deep inspirations (respiratory sinus arrhythmia), the ratio of the longest to the shortest R-R intervals which occur immediately after one rises from a low sitting position (30:15 ratio), and the SD of R-R intervals recorded in standing and supine positions. Very low doses of atropine (1-3 micrograms/kg) increased the 30:15 ratios from (means +/- SEM) 1.21 +/- 0.07 to 1.34 +/- 0.04 (60% increase, p less than 0.01) and SD recorded in standing positions from 32.4 +/- 3.5 to 56.0 +/- 11.0 ms (71% increase, p less than 0.01). Respiratory sinus arrhythmia was not affected in either the standing or supine position, nor was SD recorded in supine positions significantly affected by these low doses of atropine. The only indexes increased by low doses of atropine were those that measure cardiovascular responses to active standing, consistent with an increased excitability of the medullary cardiovascular (vasomotor) centre. There was no evidence of central vagal excitation caused by low doses of atropine in the conscious, spontaneously breathing volunteers. The increased excitability of the medullary cardiovascular centre in response to a low dose of atropine may suggest that normal responses of this centre to arterial baroreceptor stimulation is restrained by a cholinergic inhibitory pathway.
Electrophoretic deposition of semiconducting polymer metal oxide nanocomposites and characterization of the resulting films (2005)

Conducting polymer nanocomposites composed of metal oxides and polythiophene was synthesized by chemical polymerization in colloidal suspensions. The electrochemical and photoelectrochemical properties of such nanocomposites have been studied. For these investigations films of nanocomposites were prepared by an electrophoretic deposition process. The deposition process was studied in greater detail and kinetic details were determined. The high voltage electrophoretic deposition process was combined with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Then the films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and photocurrent spectroscopy.
Blockchain And Supply Chain Management: Aircrafts’ Parts’ Business Case (2017)

To serve target customers better than their competitors, supply chain management (SCM) teams today look into new technologies such as Big Data, Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain. These new technologies allow managers to develop and provide complex supply chain services and products faster with improved reliabilities. With these technologies, SCM teams can build complex models of a supply chain or systems of supply chains using a data-driven approach. With the growth of aviation domain across the world, there has been increasing demand in aircraft for airlines and other customers. In this domain, SCM teams deal with complex networked supply chains for aircraft's spare part purchase and delivery for aircraft's maintenance and repair. Aircraft's spare parts are shipped to single assembly hubs, located globally. All parts come with certain life expectancy, specific requirements and maintenance attributes. With thousands of spare parts, hundreds of parameters, and number of manufactures distributed globally, SCM team need to deal with very large amount of data. In this paper, we use an industrial scenario of aviation industry SCM to demonstrate the necessity of having decentralized system based on distributed data-driven application technologies such as Blockchain, not only to assist in maintaining inventory of the aircraft's parts but also to monitor the performance, usage, etc. This will help to achieve a transparent network of supply chain for aircraft's parts and reduce the risk of availability of aircraft's parts in black market. These new data-driven technologies when embedded into SCM scenarios will help the SCM managers to analyse the supply, demands, source of availability of spare parts and provide methods to procure them from the right sources.
In vivo expansion of MDR1‐transduced cells accompanied by a post‐transplantation chemotherapy regimen with mitomycin C and methotrexate (2010)

Abstract Background A recurrent breast cancer patient received high‐dose chemotherapy, a transplant of multidrug resistance 1 ( MDR1 )‐transduced cells and four different protocols of post‐transplantation chemotherapy. We report the analysis of MDR1 ‐transduced cells in this patient. Methods MDR1 transgene levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patient were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Retroviral integration sites of the MDR1 ‐transduced cells were identified by linear amplification‐mediated (LAM)‐PCR. Results Twelve days after transplantation, approximately 1% of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were MDR1 transgene‐positive. The transgene levels decreased quickly, and were at low levels until day 504. A remarkable increase in MDR1 transgene‐positive cells was observed on day 532, during combination chemotherapy with mitomycin C and methotrexate. Using LAM‐PCR, 31 MDR1 ‐transduced clones were identified, and eight of these were long‐life clones that survived for more than 500 days. Among the 31 clones, ten had a retroviral integration site near genes listed in the Retroviral Tagged Cancer Gene (RTCG) Database. Two long‐life clones, N‐30 and N‐31, had retroviral integration sites within the MDS1‐EVI1 locus. Another two long‐life clones had integration sites close to PRDM16 or CUEDC1 . Conclusions These results suggest that MDR1 ‐transduced cells were enriched in vivo by an MDR1 substrate, mitomycin C. The possible activation of EVI1 or other RTCGs by retroviral insertion may have affected the survival and persistence of a proportion of the transduced cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloalkadiynes ‐ From the Bent Triple Bond to the Strained Cage Structure (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Performance analysis of non-coherent OOK detection with complex BPF based low IF receiver (2015)

We consider a non-coherent receiver architecture with low IF frequency down-conversion, complex band pass filtering and envelope detection for ultra low power (ULP) wireless communications. We model and evaluate the performance of ULP transceiver with IEEE 802.15.4q PHY packet format. Moreover, we provide a theoretical analysis of the image rejection properties of low IF receiver. We evaluate the performance of the low IF receiver via PER sweeps and ACI tests. Finally, we compare its performance with that of Weaver receiver.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Better than RECIST and Faster than iRECIST: Defining the Immunotherapy Progression Decision Score to Better Manage Progressive Tumors on Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Distribution of primary cancer types in the development set (n=107).&lt;/p&gt;
Influence of nanoparticle surface treatment on the electrical properties of cycloaliphatic epoxy nanocomposites (2010)

This experimental study reports the influence of the surface treatment of silica nanoparticles on the morphology and electrical properties of epoxy composites. (3-Glycidoxypropyl)methyldiethoxysilane was used as a silane coupling agent for the surface treatment of the silica nanoparticles. It was found that the incorporation of the silane onto the surface of silica nanoparticles not only improved the dispersion of the nanoparticles in epoxy, but also improved the electrical properties as compared with the composites filled with unsurface-treated nanoparticles. The surface treatment makes it possible to increase volume resistivity, dielectric strength, and provides an excellent approach able to reduce the dielectric loss of the nanocomposites. It is concluded that the improved properties could be directly ascribed to the good dispersion and special physicochemical characteristics of the surface-treated nanoparticles in the polymer matrix.
Cleveland Clinic Imaging Institute’s “Commitment to Respect” and Impact on Quality of Care and Patient Satisfaction (2017)

Cleveland Clinic's Imaging Institute implemented a "Commitment to Respect" initiative and survey process in March 2013 with the goal of improving communication and teamwork among employees and, in turn, improving patient satisfaction. Since the rollout of this initiative, we have worked to increase acceptance of the process, improve the survey response, and more fully incorporate results into staff development. Now that we have 4 years of annual data for analysis, we can state based on feedback from caregivers that the process has had a positive effect on relationships between radiologists and frontline clinical staff. The survey identifies behaviors that individuals were not previously aware of, allowing staff members to make changes based on this feedback. Additionally, institute leaders are able to reinforce the respectful behaviors of those scoring well and support the efforts of those whose scores need improvement. Both scenarios are reinforced through the radiologist annual performance review process.
High-performance deployable structures for the support of high-concentration ratio solar array modules (1985)

A study conducted on high-performance deployable structures for the support of high-concentration ratio solar array modules is discussed. Serious consideration is being given to the use of high-concentration ratio solar array modules or applications such as space stations. These concentrator solar array designs offer the potential of reduced cost, reduced electrical complexity, higher power per unit area, and improved survivability. Arrays of concentrators, such as the miniaturized Cassegrainian concentrator modules, present a serious challenge to the structural design because their mass per unit area (5.7 kg/square meters) is higher than that of flexible solar array blankets, and the requirement for accurate orientation towards the Sun (plus or minus 0.5 degree) requires structures with improved accuracy potentials. In addition, use on a space station requires relatively high structural natural frequencies to avoid deleterious interactions with control systems and other large structural components. The objective here is to identify and evaluate conceptual designs of structures suitable for deploying and accurately supporting high-concentration ratio solar array modules.
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging as a Tool for Evaluating Disease Resistance of Common Bean Lines in the Western Amazon Region of Colombia (2022)

The evaluation of disease resistance is considered an important aspect of phenotyping for crop improvement. Identification of advanced lines of the common bean with disease resistance contributes to improved grain yields. This study aimed to determine the response of the photosynthetic apparatus to natural pathogen infection by using chlorophyll (Chl<sub>a</sub>) fluorescence parameters and their relationship to the agronomic performance of 59 common bean lines and comparing the photosynthetic responses of naturally infected vs. healthy leaves. The study was conducted over two seasons under acid soil and high temperature conditions in the western Amazon region of Colombia. A disease susceptibility index (DSI) was developed and validated using chlorophyll a (Chl<sub>a</sub>) fluorescence as a tool to identify Mesoamerican and Andean lines of common bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) that are resistant to pathogens. A negative effect on the functional status of the photosynthetic apparatus was found with the presence of pathogen infection, a situation that allowed the identification of four typologies based on the DSI values ((i) moderately resistant; (ii) moderately susceptible; (iii) susceptible; and (iv) highly susceptible). Moderately resistant lines, five of them from the Mesoamerican gene pool (ALB 350, SMC 200, BFS 10, SER 16, SMN 27) and one from the Andean gene pool (DAB 295), allocated a higher proportion of energy to photochemical processes, which increased the rate of electron transfer resulting in a lower sensitivity to disease stress. This photosynthetic response was associated with lower values of DSI, which translated into an increase in the accumulation of dry matter accumulation in different plant organs (leaves, stem, pods and roots). Thus, DSI values based on chlorophyll fluorescence response to pathogen infection could serve as a phenotyping tool for evaluating advanced common bean lines. Six common bean lines (ALB 350, BFS 10, DAB 295, SER 16, SMC 200 and SMN 27) were identified as less sensitive to disease stress under field conditions in the western Amazon region of Colombia, and these could serve as useful parents for improving the common bean for multiple stress resistance.
Tunable high resistance voltage-controlled pseudo-resistor with wide input voltage swing capability (2011)

A tunable pseudo-resistor featuring a wide input voltage range and ultra-high resistance is proposed. It is composed of serial-connected PMOS devices operating in the subthreshold region. An auto-tuning circuit involved makes the pseudo-resistor robust against process variations and common-mode voltage shifting. Operation and theoretical analysis are detailed. Simulation results in a 0.18 µm technology demonstrate the advantages of the proposed pseudo-resistor.
Photoreversible [2] Catenane via the Host–Guest Interactions between a Palladium Metallacycle and β-Cyclodextrin (2015)

We report the efficient preparation of an A2D2 (A = acceptor and D = donor) metallacycle 2 = [(en)2Pd2(1)2](NO3)4, using the coordination driven self-assembly of trans-azobenzene based bispyridyl ligand 1 and (en)Pd(NO3)2 (en = ethylenediamine). In the metallacycle, the trans-azobenzene units serve both as a structural element and as sites for subsequent host-guest chemistry with β-cyclodextrin, leading to the formation of a [2] catenane 3. This catenation process is reversible and can be switched off and on in a photocontrollable manner via the trans-cis isomerization of the azobenzene units.
Cyclopropanation of electron-deficient alkenes and wideqvist-type synthesis of cyclopropanes mediated by indium metal (1989)

Cyclopropanation of electron-deficient alkenes and Wideqvist-type transformation of carbonyl compounds to cyclopropanes have been achieved by the action of active methylene dibromides and metallic indium.