gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering of the Nonspecific Phospholipase C from Bacillus cereus:  Replacement of Glutamic Acid-4 by Alanine Results in Loss of Interfacial Catalysis and Enhanced Phosphomonoesterase Activity (1998)

The nonspecific phospholipase C from Bacillus cereus is a zinc metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids to yield diacylglycerol and a phosphate monoester. Glu-4 has been proposed as a potential candidate for the general base in the hydrolysis reaction and was shown to interact with the substrate headgroup. Site-specific mutagenesis studies suggest that Glu-4 is important for substrate binding but not for catalysis. This residue is also critical for the enzyme's preference for a phosphodiester substrate. PA, both monomeric and micellar, is shown to be a poor substrate and inhibitor of wild-type PLC. When Glu-4 was mutated to an alanine, a significant increase in PA hydrolysis and a decrease in PC hydrolysis were observed. Unlike the wild type, kinetic studies suggest that the Glu-4-->Ala mutant does not exhibit interfacial activation and processive catalysis. Glu-4 is part of a highly flexible loop flanking the entrance to the active site, suggesting that this loop might constitute an interfacial binding recognition site. This is the first evidence for the presence of an interfacial binding site distinct from the active site in the nonspecific PLC.
A Simple Grammar Defines Activating and Repressing cis-Regulatory Elements in Photoreceptors (2016)

Transcription factors often activate and repress different target genes in the same cell. How activation and repression are encoded by different arrangements of transcription factor binding sites in cis-regulatory elements is poorly understood. We investigated how sites for the transcription factor CRX encode both activation and repression in photoreceptors by assaying thousands of genomic and synthetic cis-regulatory elements in wild-type and Crx<sup>-/-</sup> retinas. We found that sequences with high affinity for CRX repress transcription, whereas sequences with lower affinity activate. This rule is modified by a cooperative interaction between CRX sites and sites for the transcription factor NRL, which overrides the repressive effect of high affinity for CRX. Our results show how simple rearrangements of transcription factor binding sites encode qualitatively different responses to a single transcription factor and explain how CRX plays multiple cis-regulatory roles in the same cell.
Image Processing for Picking Task of Random Ordered PET Drinking Bottles (2019)

In this research, six brands of soft drinks are decided to be picked up by a robot with a monocular Red Green Blue (RGB) camera. The drinking bottles need to be located and classified with brands before being picked up. The Mask Regional Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN), a mask generation network improved from Faster R-CNN, is trained with common object in contest datasets to detect and generate the mask on the bottles in the image. The Inception v3 is selected for the brand classification task. Around 200 images are taken or found at first; then, the images are augmented to 1500 images per brands by using random cropping and perspective transform. The result shows that the masked image can be labeled with its brand name with at least 85% accuracy in the experiment.
A compact underactuated gripper with two fingers and a retractable suction cup (2023)

Modern industrial applications of robotics such as small-series production and automated warehousing require versatile grippers, i.e., grippers that can pick up the widest possible variety of objects. These objects must often be grasped or placed inside a container, which limits the size of the gripper. In this article, we propose to combine the two most popular gripper technologies in order to maximise versatility: finger grippers and suction-cup (vacuum) grippers. Many researchers and a few companies have followed this same idea in the past, but their gripper designs are often overly complex or too bulky to pick up objects inside containers. Here, we develop a gripper where the suction cup is lodged inside the palm of a two-finger robotic hand. The suction cup is mounted on a retractile rod that can extend to pick up objects inside containers without interference from the two fingers. A single actuator drives both the finger and sliding-rod motions so as to minimise the gripper complexity. The opening and closing sequence of the gripper is achieved by using a planetary gear train as transmission between the actuator, the fingers and the suction cup sliding mechanism. Special attention is paid to minimise the overall gripper size; its diameter being kept to 75 mm, which is that of the end link of the common UR5 robot. A prototype of the gripper is built and its versatility is demonstrated in a short accompanying video.
DEGRADATION OF TOXAPHENE IN SELECTED ANAEROBIC SOIL ENVIRONMENTS (1976)

No toxaphene degradation was observed in a Crowley silt loam, either unamended or amended with alfalfa meal, and incubated aerobically in the laboratory for 6 weeks. There was little degradation in unamended soil incubated in a moist anaerobic environment under N2. However, extensive degradation occurred during anaerobic incubation, especially where the soil was amended with alfalfa meal as an energy source. The order of toxaphene degradation after 6 weeks of incubation was flooded anaerobic (stirred) > moist anaerobic > flooded anaerobic (unstirred) > moist aerobic. During this time, the extent of degradation was 98, 90, 50, and 0 percent, respectively. Microbiological involvement was demonstrated when no respiratory activity or toxaphene degradation occurred after the amended soil was autoclaved and incubated anaerobically. When these soils were reinoculated, rapid degradation resumed, and microbiological activity was evident. Rate of toxaphene degradation under soil anaerobiosis increased as the redox potential (Eh) decreased and became very rapid over the Eh range of 0 to −100 mV.
Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the Adolescent Athlete (2022)

Greater psychological readiness was associated with return to sport in adolescent athletes after ACL reconstruction, with the athletes' emotional response appearing to be more influential than their confidence in their performance or their appraisal of risk.
Patient‐to‐patient variation of susceptibility‐induced B0 field in bilateral breast MRI (2012)

The shape of the air-tissue boundary determines most of the observed B(0) distribution in bilateral breast. Despite significant variability among subjects, a common feature traceable to generic anatomy exists in the linear gradient. Nonlinear variation of susceptibility-induced B(0) field occurs over a relatively short length scale and is likely best shimmed by slice-dependent or localized shimming.
Pyroelectricity, Piezoelectricity, Flexoelectricity and Thermopolarization Effects in Ionic-Crystals (1987)

Note: Tagantsev, Ak Af Ioffe Engn Phys Inst,Leningrad,UssrK1291Times Cited:13Cited References Count:39 Reference LC-ARTICLE-1987-011 Record created on 2006-08-21, modified on 2017-11-27
Palladium(2+)-catalyzed intramolecular aminocarbonylation of 3-hydroxy-4-pentenylamines and 4-hydroxy-5-hexenylamines (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium(2+)-catalyzed intramolecular aminocarbonylation of 3-hydroxy-4-pentenylamines and 4-hydroxy-5-hexenylaminesYoshinao Tamaru, Makoto Hojo, and Zenichi YoshidaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 24, 5731–5741Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00259a024RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views989Altmetric-Citations114LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Formation of fluorinated ethers in a modified halohydrin reaction (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of fluorinated ethers in a modified halohydrin reactionF. W. Evans, M. H. Litt, A. M. Weidler-Kubanek, and F. P. AvondaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 5, 1839–1844Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01269a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01269a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views288Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cc2d1a, a C2 domain containing protein linked to nonsyndromic mental retardation, controls functional maturation of central synapses (2011)

Cc2d1a is an evolutionarily conserved protein composed of NH(2)-terminal Drosophila melanogaster 14 domain (DM14) domains and a COOH-terminal C2 domain. Human patients with homozygotic mutation in the gene suffer from nonsyndromic mental retardation, implying that Cc2d1a functions in the central nervous system. To examine the physiological role of the Cc2d1a, we generated and analyzed Cc2d1a knockout (KO) mice. Cc2d1a KO mice die soon after birth, apparently because of their inability to breathe. Histological analysis of Cc2d1a KO animals did not identify any structural defects in the peripheral respiratory apparatus. However, functional analysis of synapses formed between Cc2d1a-deficient cortical neurons revealed a robust increase in the pace of maturation of evoked synaptic responses as well as synaptic vesicle trafficking. This synaptic anomaly was rescued by reintroducing full-length Cc2d1a but not C2-domain-deletion mutant, underscoring the functional importance of C2 domain. Our data suggest that Cc2d1a is required for mouse survival and performs essential function in controlling functional maturation of synapses.
Numerical Study on Mixed Convection Heat Transfer in Inclined Triangular Cavities (2014)

This article presents a parametric study on flow behavior and heat transfer in an inclined triangular cavity subjected to a moving lid and temperature differential. The systematic study considers three physical parameters (inclination angle, Reynolds number, and Grashof number) and explores the influence of these parameters on flow pattern and heat transfer characteristics. A series of computations were performed for the inclination angle (θ) ranging from 0° to 360° (in increments of 45°), Reynolds number (Re) from 100 to 1,500, and Grashof number (Gr) from 105 to 107. The numerical results show that there are three kinds of flow regime in a triangular cavity inclined from 0° to 360°: buoyancy-dominant, inertia-dominant, and intermediate transition (mixed convection flow). It is interesting that the case with Re = 100, Gr = 107, and θ = 0° exhibits five circulation cells and induces excellent thermal performance, corresponding to wavy profiles in local Nusselt number and local friction factor. The study also reveals that the good thermal performance within a local region can generate higher friction force on the neighboring boundary and this friction force may reduce the strength of the vortex.
The influence of alkylene spacers on conformational and thermal properties of poly (aryl methacrylates) (1994)

Abstract The effect of introducing alkylene spacers on the thermal and conformational properties of poly(aryl methacrylates) has been studied. Poly(2‐phenylethyl‐1‐methacrylate) (PPEMA) and poly(4‐phenylbutyl‐1‐methacrylate) (PPBMA) samples of narrow poly‐dispersities and covering a very broad range of molecular weights were produced by free radical solution polymerization, followed by fractionation. These materials were studied by a combination of differential scanning calorimetry, light scattering, and viscometry measurements to allow evaluation of their glass transition temperatures ( T g ) and characteristic ratios ( C ∞ ). These results are compared with literature data available for poly(phenyl methacrylate) (PPMA), which has no alkylene spacer, and poly(benzylmethacrylate) (PBMA), which has a methylene spacer. A progressive decrease in T g is observed as the length of the alkylene spacer is increased, reflecting the enhancement of side group (local) flexibility. C ∞ decreases substantially on going from PPMA to PBMA but then increases on going to PPEMA and PPBMA. This behavior is attributed to the fact that while side group flexibility increases for the materials with longer alkylene spacers, and this would be expected to decrease C ∞ , the side group size is progressively increasing. Larger side groups generally increase C ∞ of polymethacrylates. Thus the observed C ∞ behavior for these polymers reflects both the size and flexibility of the substituents. © 1994 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
A voxel-wise assessment of growth differences in infants developing autism spectrum disorder (2020)

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a phenotypically and etiologically heterogeneous developmental disorder typically diagnosed around 4 years of age. The development of biomarkers to help in earlier, presymptomatic diagnosis could facilitate earlier identification and therefore earlier intervention and may lead to better outcomes, as well as providing information to help better understand the underlying mechanisms of ASD. In this study, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of infants at high familial risk, from the Infant Brain Imaging Study (IBIS), at 6, 12 and 24 months of age were included in a morphological analysis, fitting a mixed-effects model to Tensor Based Morphometry (TBM) results to obtain voxel-wise growth trajectories. Subjects were grouped by familial risk and clinical diagnosis at 2 years of age. Several regions, including the posterior cingulate gyrus, the cingulum, the fusiform gyrus, and the precentral gyrus, showed a significant effect for the interaction of group and age associated with ASD, either as an increased or a decreased growth rate of the cerebrum. In general, our results showed increased growth rate within white matter with decreased growth rate found mostly in grey matter. Overall, the regions showing increased growth rate were larger and more numerous than those with decreased growth rate. These results detail, at the voxel level, differences in brain growth trajectories in ASD during the first years of life, previously reported in terms of overall brain volume and surface area.
Lead Alloys for Superconducting Cavities (1985)

For the superconducting separated orbit cyclotron Tritron six large, wedge shaped cavities for simultaneous acceleration of 19 parallel ions beams are needed. The indirectly cooled superconducting cavities with frequencies of ~170 MHz ± 3 % will be made of copper electroplated with lead alloy. With PbSn and PbBi as superconductor stable surfaces without chemical polishing can be obtained. The results of measurements on a 500 MHz test cavity (PbSn) are reported.
Simplified Reconstruction After Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy Using a Single-Pass Suturing Technique (2009)

Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has been underused because of its technical complexity and difficulty. We present a knotless and bolsterless technique that allows simultaneous repair of the pelvicaliceal system and compression of the parenchyma defect using a series of single-pass running sutures. We believe that this technique will simplify reconstruction and aid in popularization of LPN.
Studies on the mode of action of essential oils of scented‐leaf Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) (1998)

A selection of essential oils obtained by steam distillation from scented-leaf Pelargonium species, hybrids and cultivars were assessed for their method of spasmolytic activity in vitro using an isolated smooth muscle preparation. Their mechanism of action was postsynaptic and not atropine-like. The spasmolytic action was correlated with the chemical composition of the essential oils assessed by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. The spasmolytic effect of Pelargonium essential oils with a rose-like odour was most likely mediated through cAMP, and not through cGMP; the action of all other essential oils with diverse odours was neither through cAMP, cGMP, nor via calcium channel blockade or potassium channel activation. The mechanism of action of the main components of the rose-like pelargoniums, citronellol and geraniol, reflected that of the whole oils. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Androgen deprivation induces senescence characteristics in prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo (2012)

We conclude that AD induces characteristics consistent with cellular senescence in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells. This finding may explain incomplete tumor regression in response to AD.
Event detection from MPEG video in the compressed domain (2002)

The paper describes two techniques for detecting dynamic events using the motion vectors obtained from the MPEG video encoding. In the first technique, feature vectors from motion information form a high dimensional curve for a video clip, and curve simplification allows us to browse the clip along portions where interesting events are likely to happen. In the second technique, the camera motion, pan, tilt, and zoom are computed from the motion vectors, and the residual vectors which are not explained by the camera motion are regarded as generated by moving blobs. Events are detected from these moving blobs.
Dynamic mechanical properties of homogeneous copolymers of ethylene and 1‐alkenes (1987)

Abstract The dynamic mechanical properties of homogeneous copolymers of ethylene with 1‐butene, 1‐octene, and 1‐octadecene prepared by means of a vanadium‐based catalyst system have been determined. The 1‐butene copolymers show α′ and α transitions in the 20–60°C temperature range, whereas the 1‐octene and 1‐octadecene copolymers show single α transitions. The intensity of the β transition increases with comonomer content in 1‐butene and 1‐octene copolymers and also with the amount of interfacial material present. In ethylene‐1‐octadecene copolymers, this intensity is comparatively low, even though there is about 20% interfacial material present. The implications of these results with regard to the nature of interfacial material are discussed.
On the design of broadband resonant cavity antennas with feeds suitable for integration with millimeter-wave transceiver chips (2019)

This paper demonstrates the resonant cavity antenna's (RCA) integration capability with the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) transceiver chips. A broadband RCA fed by a probe-fed microstrip patch, which is readily integrated with transceiver chips, is designed at 60 GHz. It exhibits a peak broadside gain of 19 dBi with a VSWR 2:1 bandwidth ranging from 57 GHz to beyond 70 GHz. Radiation performance of the RCA fed by a traditional waveguide aperture is also presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed RCA in mm-wave practical applications.
NADP-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase: a dispensable function in ectomycorrhizal fungi (2006)

International audience
Exploring 3D gestural interfaces for music creation in video games (2009)

In recent years the popularity of music and rhythm-based games has experienced tremendous growth. However almost all of these games require custom hardware to be used as input devices, and these devices control only one or two similar instruments. In this paper we describe One Man Band, a prototype video game for musical expression that uses novel 3D spatial interaction techniques using accelerometer-based motion controllers. One Man Band provides users with 3D gestural interfaces to control both the timing and sound of the music played, with both single and collaborative player modes. We further investigate the ability to detect different musical gestures without explicit selection of mode, giving the user the ability to seamlessly transition between instrument types with a single input device. A formal user study is then presented comparing the musical interface of One Man Band to that of Nintendo's Wii Music. Our results indicate that users generally preferred the interface of One Man Band over that of Wii Music. We also found that users desire to express their own ideas and have explicit control of the melodies created in music-based video games.
Reductive Spiroannulation of Nitriles with Secondary Electrophiles. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Carbon stock and humification index of organic matter affected by sugarcane straw and soil management (2013)

The maintenance of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) straw on a soil surface increases the soil carbon (C) stocks, but at lower rates than expected. This fact is probably associated with the soil management adopted during sugarcane replanting. This study aimed to assess the impact on soil C stocks and the humification index of soil organic matter (SOM) of adopting no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) for sugarcane replanting. A greater C content and stock was observed in the NT area, but only in the 0-5 cm soil layer (p < 0.05). Greater soil C stock (0-60 cm) was found in soil under NT, when compared to CT and the baseline. While C stock of 116 Mg ha-1 was found in the baseline area, in areas under CT and NT systems the values ranged from 120 to 127 Mg ha-1. Carbon retention rates of 0.67 and 1.63 Mg C ha-1 year-1 were obtained in areas under CT and NT, respectively. Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy showed that CT makes the soil surface (0-20 cm) more homogeneous than the NT system due to the effect of soil disturbance, and that the SOM humification index (H LIF) is larger in CT compared to NT conditions. In contrast, NT had a gradient of increasing H LIF, showing that the entry of labile organic material such as straw is also responsible for the accumulation of C in this system. The maintenance of straw on the soil surface and the adoption of NT during sugarcane planting are strategies that can increase soil C sequestration in the Brazilian sugarcane sector.