gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generation and Reactivity of Oxazolidinone Derived N-Acyl Radicals (1999)

The N-acyl(phenylseleno)oxazolidinone 5 was prepared (85% yield) by treatment of the lithium salt of oxazolidinone with triphosgene, followed by addition of benzeneselenol. Reduction of 5 with n-Bu3SnH/AIBN gave the N-formyloxazolidinone 6 (99%) and reaction with allyltri-n-butylstannane gave 7 (89%). Bimolecular additions to various alkenes using the N-acyl radical derived from oxazolidinone 5 were also studied. Best results were obtained with electron rich olefins, such as enol ether derivatives. Eight such additions are reported, with yields ranging from 51-90%. Two prochiral substrates showed significant levels of diastereoselectivity in reactions with 5/Bu3SnH.
Vision-based grasping of unknown objects to improve disabled persons autonomy (2008)

Abstract This paper presents our contribution to vision basedrobotic assistance for people with disabilities. The rehabilitativerobotic arms currently available on the market are directlycontrolled by adaptive devices, which lead to increasing strainon the user's disability. To reduce the need for user's actions,we propose here several vision-based solutions to automatize thegrasping of unknown objects. Neither appearance data basesnor object models are considered. All the needed informationis computed on line. This paper focuses on the positioning of thecamera and the gripper approach. For each of those two steps,two alternative solutions are provided. All the methods have beentested and validated on robotics cells. Some have already beenintegrated into our mobile robot SAM . I. I NTRODUCTION This work relates to robotic assistance for disable people,where autonomous robotic systems are designed to compen-sate for a human motor disability. We propose solutions forthe grasping of any object within a domestic environment suchas an apartment. Providing a robust, generic and easy-to-usesolution to improve the user's interaction with their personalenvironment would largely increase their autonomy.Contrary to an industrial environment [19], the domesticenvironment is highly unstructured. Thus, the robotic systemneeds exterioceptive sensors to adapt its behavior to the currentsituation. Vision sensors are almost always used: this sensoris quite cheap, the acquired information is very rich, and itcan even be directly used as feedback for the user.A. State of the artBefore starting a grasping procedure, a robotic system rstneeds to extract information on the object from the visualinput. In order to handle any object shape and appearance, itis necessary to make some assumptions on the situations therobot can handle.Some approaches propose to constrain the possible locationsfor the object. For example, [11] assumes that the scene isknown and uses a simple image difference with the knownbackground to localize the object. The project
Combining acid-based deep eutectic solvents and microwave irradiation for improved chestnut shell waste valorization (2021)

Key features of the deep eutectic solvent-microwave assisted simultaneous extraction of polyphenols and delignification pretreatment of chestnut shell waste are presented.
Increased Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Advanced Glycation End Products in Aqueous Humor of Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy (2001)

Clinical studies have shown a relationship between diabetic retinopathy and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in ocular fluid. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in diabetes complications, including diabetic retinopathy. Nepsilon-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) is a glycoxidation product that may be a marker of oxidative stress. In this study, we used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to determine the levels of VEGF, non-CML AGE and CML in the aqueous humor and serum of 82 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and 60 non-diabetic subjects. VEGF, non-CML AGE, and CML concentrations in aqueous humor and serum were then compared with the severity of diabetic retinopathy. Immunohistochemical detection analysis of non-CML AGE and CML was also performed using retinal tissues from patients with progressive diabetic retinopathy. Aqueous levels of VEGF, non-CML AGE and CML increased along with the progression of diabetic retinopathy compared to age-matched controls. After coagulation therapy, the VEGF, non-CML AGE, and CML levels were significantly reduced. Immunostaining showed diffuse co-localization of non-CML AGE and CML around microvessels and in the glial cells of proliferative membranes from patients with progressive diabetic retinopathy. These findings suggest that glycation and glycoxidation reactions (or oxidation, as revealed by CML) may contribute to both the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Single-molecule magnets assembled from oxime stabilized Mn₃III triangles (2009)

A series of progressively larger molecules assembled from oxo-centered Mn₃III triangles is presented. All reported complexes have been characterized by bulk magnetic susceptibility and X-ray diffraction. A series of three "single decker" trigonal bipyrimidal [Mn₂IIMn₃III]⁺¹³ single-molecule magnets (SMMs) is reported. The complexes have the general formula of [NEt₄]₃[Mn₅(R-salox)₃O(N₃)₆X₂] where R = H, Me, or Et; and X⁻ = Cl⁻ or Br⁻. The complexes consist of an oxime stabilized [mu]₃-O²⁻ Mn³III triangular core capped with two azide bridged MnII ions. Complexes were synthesized using oxime ligands with increasingly larger alkyl groups pendent to the oximate carbon. Crystal packing of these alkyl groups induced structural distortions which have marked effects on crystal packing, molecular symmetry, and magnetic exchange interactions Structural distortions were induced by crystal packing effects in two "double decker" complexes of the formula [X]₂[Mn₈(salox)₆O₂(N₃)₆(MeOH)₂Cl₂] · 2S, where X⁺ is either NPr₄+С or NBu₄+С and S is either MeOH or CHCl₃, which resulted in changes in magnetic behavior. A third compound that is an antiferromagnetic one dimensional chain magnet constructed from Mn₈ units bridged by N³⁻ ions is described. Two larger compounds are also reported, one comprised of four interconnected oxo-centered Mn₃III triangles. The other is a magnetic 3D metal-organic framework (MOF) synthesized using a modified salicylaldoxime. The complex has the formula [Mn₁₃Na₉O₄(EtO-salox)₁₂(N₃)₆(MeOH)₆(H₂O)₁₀Cl₃][alpha] where EtO-salox is 3-ethoxysalicylaldoxime. The MOF exhibited gas adsorption behavior in addition to magnetic data suggestive of a negative D. Finally, a salicylaldehyde functionalized fullerene has been synthesized and characterized through NMR and mass spectrometry
Using wireless technologies for healthcare monitoring at home: A survey (2012)

The use of cable-free communications between distributed and small sensor devices in healthcare application offers many advantages to monitor people and their surrounding physical environment. In this paper we present a comparative analysis of wireless technologies for healthcare monitoring in heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) context. The study presents analysis on how to choose the suited technology taking into account the application requirements. The choice depends on some criteria like delay and quality of service requirements, topology, energy consumption, and other factors. This paper gives advantages and drawbacks and compares standardized and proprietary wireless technologies.
Calculations on the effect of supply frequency on the positive column of a low-pressure Hg-Ar AC discharge (1972)

Results of a theoretical study of the positive column of a Hg-Ar discharge sustained by an AC current with a sinusoidal waveform (pAr=3 Torr, pHg=6×10−3 Torr, R=1·8 cm, Ieff=0·4-0·55 A) show a decrease in efficiency for UV emission with increasing supply frequency f for f<500 Hz, and an increase in efficiency for f>500 Hz. The efficiency can be slightly higher than the DC efficiency for a properly chosen frequency (fgreater, similar10 kHz). A comparison with experimental results, available in the literature for comparable discharges, is made, indicating a qualitative agreement. In addition, the temporal behaviour of a number of plasma quantities is presented for various supply frequencies.
Statistical analysis of comparative tumor growth repeated measures experiments in the ovarian cancer patient derived xenograft (PDX) setting (2021)

Repeated measures studies are frequently performed in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models to evaluate drug activity or compare effectiveness of cancer treatment regimens. Linear mixed effects regression models were used to perform statistical modeling of tumor growth data. Biologically plausible structures for the covariation between repeated tumor burden measurements are explained. Graphical, tabular, and information criteria tools useful for choosing the mean model functional form and covariation structure are demonstrated in a Case Study of five PDX models comparing cancer treatments. Power calculations were performed via simulation. Linear mixed effects regression models applied to the natural log scale were shown to describe the observed data well. A straight growth function fit well for two PDX models. Three PDX models required quadratic or cubic polynomial (time squared or cubed) terms to describe delayed tumor regression or initial tumor growth followed by regression. Spatial(power), spatial(power) + RE, and RE covariance structures were found to be reasonable. Statistical power is shown as a function of sample size for different levels of variation. Linear mixed effects regression models provide a unified and flexible framework for analysis of PDX repeated measures data, use all available data, and allow estimation of tumor doubling time.
Analysis and characterization of single-poly floating gate device on 0.35-/spl mu/m partially-depleted SOI (2005)

This paper presents the characterization results of a single-poly floating gate device (FGD) in 0.35 /spl mu/m partially-depleted silicon-on-insulator (PDSOI) technology. Programmability of threshold voltage (V/sub TH/) of these devices gives them a unique advantage in the development of post-process adjustable low offset operational amplifiers, highly accurate current mirrors, etc. This paper demonstrates a post-process trimmable current reference using these devices as resistive elements. A MATLAB model incorporating the tunneling parameters has been developed and the simulation results are found to match well with the experimental results.
Full-scanning nonlinear Fourier-transform spectroscopy of D<inf>2</inf> using high-order harmonic radiation (2011)

We present results of NFTS of D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> by extending the delay range of IAC without losing sampling resolution of scanning by virtue of high-repetition rate (100 Hz) and short pulse duration (sub 15fs) of the driving fundamental laser pulse. We compare the spectral shape obtained from the NFTS to that measured directly with a spectrometer because the delay range is much broader than the pulse duration of the fundamental pulse.
RECONSIDERING THE LAYER THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION IN AORTIC VALVE CUSPS USING HIGH-FREQUENCY ULTRASOUND (2007)

A non-destructive high-frequency ultrasound method for measuring the thickness of thin tissue layers was adapted to map the thicknesses of the fibrosa, spongiosa, and ventricularis layers of aortic valve cusps. The sound speed and layer thicknesses of thirteen porcine aortic valve cusps were measured. The measurements yielded results of (mean plusmn standard deviation) 0.81 plusmn 0.13 mm, 0.30 plusmn 0.07 mm, 0.23 plusmn 0.05 mm, and 0.32 plusmn 0.08 mm for the total, fibrosa, spongiosa, and ventricularis thicknesses, respectively, and a sound speed of 1527 plusmn 33 m/s. The uncertainty introduced by variations in sound speed plays a relatively small role in the variability of the thickness measurements. The relative distribution of layer thicknesses of fresh, intact cusps measured with this method differs from that of fixed, sliced cusps measured with conventional methods
Antimicrobial Activity of Constituents Isolated fromLychnophora salicifolia (Asteraceae) (1996)

Lychnophora salicifolia (Asteraceae), a native Brazilian medicinal plant used in folk medicine against some diseases, revealed the presence of two known caryophyllene derivatives, in a satisfactory yield: lychnopholic acid 1 and acetyl lychnopholic acid 2. These compounds exhibited antifungal activity by the agar diffusion method, and antibacterial activity by the methods of diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). However, compound 2 was more potent than 1, suggesting that the acetyl group is responsible for antimicrobial activity.
Importance of dietary arachidonic acid for the growth, survival and stress resistance of larval European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed high dietary docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids (2010)

Together with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (ARA) is being considered to be an essential fatty acid in marine fish larval diets. The objective of the present study was to determine the importance of dietary ARA levels for larval European sea bass performance, when EPA and DHA are also present in the diet. Eighteen-day-old larvae were fed, for 14 days, gelatine-based microdiets containing the following ARA levels: 0.3%, 0.6% or 1.2%. Elevation of dietary ARA up to 1.2% showed a positive correlation with larval survival and a significant improvement in the specific growth rates, body weight and total length. Arachidonic acid was efficiently incorporated into larval lipids, even at a higher proportion than that in the diets. Increased accumulation of ARA did not affect the incorporation of DHA or EPA from the diet into larval total lipids. A significant positive correlation was found between dietary ARA levels and survival after handling stress, indicating the importance of this fatty acid in sea bass larvae response to acute stressors. The results show the importance of ARA for sea bass larvae, but higher dietary levels should be tested to determine whether there is a negative effect of ARA in sea bass as reported for other species.
Cholecystokinin in the Brains of Obese and Nonobese Mice (1979)

Extracts of the cerebral cortes of genetically obese (ob/ob) mice with hyperphagia contain 0.05 +/- 0.02 microgram (mean +/- standard error) of cholecystokinin octapeptide equivalent per gram of wet weight compared to 0.15 +/- 0.01 microgram per gram for their nonobese littermates and 0.20 +/- 0.01 microgram per gram for normal LAF1 mice. These findings are suggestive of a causal relation between the diminished brain immunoreactive cholecystokinin content and the unrestrained appetite of the obese mice.
Two-photon interferometry, the quantum measurement problem, and more (1997)

As was demonstrated in the previous chapter, the process of observation and acquisition of information or at least the possibility of ‘knowing’ (whether or not we bother to ‘look’) can profoundly change the outcome of an experiment. For example, in the case of the micromaser which-path detector, we do not need to ‘look at’ or ‘interrogate’ the masers in order to lose the interference cross term; it is enough that we could have known. Experiments along these lines provide a dramatic example of the importance of which-path, or ‘Welcher-Weg’, information.
Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Cosmology from combined galaxy clustering and lensing validation on cosmological simulations (2022)

We present a validation of the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (DES Y3) $3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2$-point analysis choices by testing them on Buzzard2.0, a new suite of cosmological simulations that is tailored for the testing and validation of combined galaxy clustering and weak-lensing analyses. We show that the buzzard2.0 simulations accurately reproduce many important aspects of the DES Y3 data, including photometric redshift and magnitude distributions, and the relevant set of two-point clustering and weak-lensing statistics. We then show that our model for the $3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2$-point data vector is accurate enough to recover the true cosmology in simulated surveys assuming the true redshift distributions for our source and lens samples, demonstrating robustness to uncertainties in the modeling of the nonlinear matter power spectrum, nonlinear galaxy bias, and higher-order lensing corrections. Additionally, we demonstrate for the first time that our photometric redshift calibration methodology, including information from photometry, spectroscopy, clustering cross-correlations, and galaxy--galaxy lensing ratios, is accurate enough to recover the true cosmology in simulated surveys in the presence of realistic photometric redshift uncertainties.
History of passive antibody administration for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases (2015)

This technology combined with new sequencing technology, advances in structural biology, atomic-level molecular design, and increased capacity for synthetic biology, promises new opportunities to apply passive immunization to the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.
Confined Planar Helix: A Novel Waveguide Structure (2006)

A new waveguide structure, with properties similar to those of a helix, is reported. The structure can be fabricated using printed-circuit techniques. Characteristic equations and dispersion characteristics for the structure are presented. These results show that some of the guided modes of the structure have slow-wave nature similar to that of the helix; other guided modes of the structure are similar to those of a NRD waveguide. Measurement results are also presented. The structure is expected to have applications in guided-wave, radiating, and electron-beam devices.
Defined Engineered Human Myocardium With Advanced Maturation for Applications in Heart Failure Modeling and Repair (2017)

We provide proof-of-concept for a universally applicable technology for the engineering of macroscale human myocardium for disease modeling and heart repair from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes under defined, serum-free conditions.
The Semiconducting Properties of CdSb (1961)

Infrared absorption in the direction of single crystal samples of gave a value for the energy gap at room temperature for indirect transitions of 0.45 ev with a temperature variation of . From resistivity, Hall coefficient and Seebeck coefficient data the energy gap at 0°K was calculated to be 0.57 ev, the mobility ratio 0.9, and the hole effective mass was found to increase with temperature from 0.2 to 0.38 between 100° and 300°K. The conductivity was found to be anisotropic, the three principal conductivities being in the ratio .
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Indole Fused Triazine Derivatives (2010)

A series of indole fused triazine derivatives have been synthesized and characterized by elemental and spectral analysis, further the compounds have been screened for antimicrobial activity against ten strains of Gram (+) and Gram (−) bacteria. Compound 5a was found to be most active in the series against E. faecalis ATCC29212 with MIC 12.5 μg/mL. From the antimicrobial screening result, it was observed that the newly synthesized compounds 5a, 5i and 5j showed good antimicrobial activity compared with standard sulphamethoxazole.
Distinct energy metabolism of auditory and vestibular sensory epithelia revealed by quantitative mass spectrometry using MS2 intensity (2012)

Measuring the abundance of many proteins over a broad dynamic range requires accurate quantitation. We show empirically that, in MS experiments, relative quantitation using summed dissociation-product ion-current intensities is accurate, albeit variable from protein to protein, and outperforms spectral counting. By applying intensities to quantify proteins in two complex but related tissues, chick auditory and vestibular sensory epithelia, we find that glycolytic enzymes are enriched threefold in auditory epithelia, whereas enzymes responsible for oxidative phosphorylation are increased at least fourfold in vestibular epithelia. This striking difference in relative use of the two ATP-production pathways likely reflects the isolation of the auditory epithelium from its blood supply, necessary to prevent heartbeat-induced mechanical disruptions. The global view of protein expression afforded by label-free quantitation with a wide dynamic range reveals molecular specialization at a tissue or cellular level.
Regulation of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Functions by Modification of the Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier (2008)

Modification of the Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) (SUMOylation) appears to regulate diverse cellular processes, including nuclear transport, signal transduction, apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle control, ubiquitin-dependent degradation and gene transcription. Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK 3beta) is a serine/threonine kinase that is thought to contribute to a variety of biological events, including embryonic development, metabolism, tumorigenesis, and cell death. GSK 3beta is a constitutively active kinase that regulates many intracellular signaling pathways by phosphorylating substrates such as beta-catenin. We noticed that the putative SUMOylation sites are localized on K(292 )residueof (291)FKFPQ(295) in GSK 3beta based on analysis of the SUMOylation consensus sequence. In this report, we showed that the SUMOylation of GSK 3beta occurs on its K(292) residue, and this modification promotes its nuclear localization in COS-1. Additionally, our data showed that the GSK 3beta SUMO mutant (K292R) decreased its kinase activity and protein stability, affecting cell death. Therefore, our observations at first time suggested that SUMOylation on the K(292) residue of GSK 3beta might be a GSK 3beta regulation mechanism for its kinase activation, subcellular localization, protein stability, and cell apoptosis.
Hydrothermal Reaction Kinetics and Pathways of Phenylalanine Alone and in Binary Mixtures (2012)

We examined the behavior of phenylalanine in high-temperature water (HTW) at 220, 250, 280, and 350 °C. Under these conditions, the major product is phenylethylamine. The minor products include styrene and phenylethanol (1-phenylethanol and 2-phenylethanol), which appear at higher temperatures and longer batch holding times. Phenylethylamine forms via decarboxylation of phenylalanine, styrene forms via deamination of phenylethylamine, and phenylethanol forms via hydration of styrene. We quantified the molar yields of each product at the four temperatures, and the carbon recovery was between 80-100 % for most cases. Phenylalanine disappearance follows first-order kinetics with an activation energy of 144 ± 14 kJ mol⁻¹ and a pre-exponential factor of 10(12.4 ± 1.4) min⁻¹. A kinetics model based on the proposed pathways was consistent with the experimental data. Effects of five different salts (NaCl, NaNO₃, Na₂ SO₄, KCl, K₂ HPO₄) and boric acid (H₃BO₃) on phenylalanine behavior at 250 °C have also been elucidated. These additives increase phenylalanine conversion, but decrease the yield of phenylethylamine presumably by promoting formation of high molecular weight compounds. Lastly, binary mixtures of phenylalanine and ethyl oleate have been studied at 350 °C and three different molar concentration ratios. The presence of phenylalanine enhances the conversion of ethyl oleate and molar yields of fatty acid. Higher concentration of ethyl oleate leads to increased deamination of phenylethylamine and hydration of styrene. Amides are also formed due to the interaction of oleic acid/ethyl oleate and phenylethylamine/ammonia and lead to a decrease in the fatty acid yields. Taken collectively, these results provide new insights into the reactions of algae during its hydrothermal liquefaction to produce crude bio-oil.