gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular properties of bemarinone: A new orally active quinazolinone cardiotonic agent (1988)

Abstract The cardiovascular properties of bemarinone (5, 6‐dimethoxy‐4‐methyl‐2‐(1H)‐quinazolinone), a new chemical entity with positive inotropic and vasodilator activity, were investigated. Bemarinone (10 −6 −10 −3 M) selectively increased contractile force 144 ± 15% in electrically paced guinea pig left atria while marginally affecting sinus rate (16 ± 13%, peak effect) in spontaneously beating right atria. In anesthetized dogs, bemarinone (0.125–0.875 mg/kg, i.v.) increased myocardial contractile force (21–114%) and left ventricular dP/dt max (7–45%) in a dose‐related manner. Selective inotropic activity was observed in vivo since no significant change in mean arterial pressure or heart rate occurred at a 50% increase in contractile force (ED 50 = 0.23 mg/kg). In conscious instrumented dogs, oral administration of bemarinone (2.5–10 mg/kg) produced peak increases in left ventricular dP/dt max ranging from 28% to 87% (ED 50 = 3.7 mg/kg). The onset of positive inotropic activity after 10 mg/kg p.o. occurred within 5 min, and the duration exceeded 3 hr. Bemarinone decreased mean arterial blood pressure (0.4–16%) via a reduction in total peripheral resistance. Direct vascular effects were observed in vitro since bemarinone relaxed rabbit aortic strips contracted with phenylephrine or KCl. In an acute model of ischemic left ventricular failure, bemarinone increased cardiac output (41%) and stroke volume (34%) while reducing left ventricular end diastolic pressure (63%) and total peripheral resistance (29%) without significantly changing mean arterial pressure or heart rate. The positive inotropic effect of bemarinone was not antagonized by propranolol and atropine pretreatment. The compound selectively and competitively inhibited cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase fraction III from canine ventricle (K i = 15.8.μM). In summary, bemari none is an orally active, positive inotropic and vasodilator agent with potential clinical utility in the management of congestive heart failure.
Work stress, family stress and depression in professional and managerial employees (1991)

Detailed interviews were conducted with 1523 married professional and managerial employees of a major US corporation to test associations of acute and chronic occupational and domestic stress with DSM-III-R major depression and current depressive symptoms. After controlling for demographic and clinical risk factors, both sources of stress were significantly associated with the two measures of depression. On the other hand, neither the demographic and clinical risk factors, nor several psychosocial characteristics (social support, sense of mastery and organizational commitment) moderated the relationship between stress and depression.
The predictive power of geographic health care utilization for unintentional fatal fall rates (2022)

Machine learning models have high accuracy in predicting geographic age-adjusted mortality rates from health care utilization data. In the United States from 2001 through 2018, adults aged 85+ years carried the highest death rate from unintentional falls and this rate is forecasted to accelerate.
An ms2 male‐sterile, female‐fertile soybean sharing phenotypic expression with other ms mutants (2002)

Abstract Genetic and cytological studies of microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis were conducted with a natural male‐sterile, female‐fertile soybean mutant (BR97‐17971) found in an F 4 breeding line of the Brazilian soybean breeding programme. Allele tests with ms Type Collection from USDA/ARS showed that the gene was allelic to ms2. Conventional analysis of microsporogenesis revealed a differential meiotic behaviour from the normal one reported in ms2 male‐sterile plants. Sterile plants have different levels of meiotic abnormalities related to chromosome segregation. Despite segregational abnormalities in the first and second divisions leading to micronuclei formation, the main meiotic cause of pollen sterility was absent or the defective cytokinesis following telophase II. Absent or defective cytokinesis has never been reported in ms2 mutants, but it was reported in the ms1 and ms4 mutants. After telophase II, one to four nucleate microspores underwent degeneration. Cross‐sections of sterile plant anthers showed that, at telophase II, the tapetal cells with large vacuoles degenerated. Despite callose deposition around meiocytes, sterile plants did not form tetrads. They degenerated and collapsed after callose dissolution, forming an amorphous mass. Anthers from male‐sterile plants were shrivelled.
Period2 Expression Pattern and its Role in the Development of the Pineal Circadian Clock in Zebrafish (2006)

In zebrafish, pineal arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (zfaanat2) mRNA expression begins at 22 h post-fertilization (hpf), and the clock-controlled rhythm of its transcript begins on the third day of development. Here we describe the role of light and of the clock gene, period2 (zper2) in the development of this rhythm. In 1-day-old zebrafish embryos, zper2 expression is transiently up-regulated by light in the pineal gland and, to a lesser extent, in other areas of the brain. Expression of zper2 that was not affected by light occurred in the olfactory placode and lactotroph cells of the pituitary primordium. Circadian analysis of pineal zfaanat2 mRNA expression indicated that light exposure is required for proper development of the circadian clock-controlled rhythmic expression of this gene. Knockdown of zPER2 using antisense technology abolished the effect of light on development of the zfaanat2 rhythm in the pineal gland, corroborating the role of zper2 in light entrainment of the circadian oscillator in zebrafish. Further analysis of zper2 expression at earlier stages of development revealed that light exposure at the blastula to mid-segmentation stages also caused a transient increase in zper2 expression. At mid-segmentation, before pineal differentiation, light-induced zper2 expression was enhanced in pineal progenitor cells. Thus, a possible role for early photoreception and light-induced zper2 expression in the development of clock-controlled rhythms remains to be investigated.
DNA Repair by Thiols in Air Shows Two Radicals Make a Double-Strand Break (1995)

Jamie R. Milligan, Jennifer Y-Y. Ng, Cindy C. L. Wu, Joe A. Aguilera, Robert C. Fahey, John F. Ward, DNA Repair by Thiols in Air Shows Two Radicals Make a Double-Strand Break, Radiation Research, Vol. 143, No. 3 (Sep., 1995), pp. 273-280
Peptidylarginine deiminase: a candidate factor in demyelinating disease (2002)

In earlier studies we demonstrated that an increase in the relative amounts of citrullinated myelin basic protein (MBP) was found in multiple sclerosis (Moscarello et al. 1994). To determine the temporal relationship between the citrullinated MBP and peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD), the enzyme responsible for deiminating arginyl residues in proteins, we studied enzyme activity, enzyme protein, PAD mRNA in a spontaneously demyelinating transgenic mouse model and we correlated the amount of PAD with citrullinated MBP. Both PAD protein as measured in an immunoslot blot method and PAD RNA were elevated. In fractionation studies we showed that the increase in PAD enzyme was due to an increase in the PAD found in membrane fractions and not the soluble PAD (PADII). From our data we concluded that up-regulation of myelin-associated PAD was responsible for the increase in citrullinated MBP in our transgenic mice prior to onset of clinical or pathological signs of demyelination. We postulate that a similar mechanism may be responsible for the increase in citrullinated MBP in multiple sclerosis.
Conducting pharmaceutical R&D in India - Critical components of entry strategies. (2008)

In the face of challenges associated with expiring patents, the rising cost of R&D and pressure on pricing, most major pharmaceutical companies are seeking ways to enhance productivity, reduce costs and augment the late-stage new-product pipeline. Exploiting the R&D capabilities in India is one option that can be helpful in achieving these goals. However, considering the challenges involved, important considerations must be incorporated to ensure that an appropriate R&D strategy is meticulously implemented. In creating suitable strategies, it is important to understand the historical perspective that provides insight into the relative strengths of companies in India across the R&D value chain. In addition, the ability of a company to take risks and commit to a long-term investment will largely determine the model that is selected. To implement a given model, an understanding of cultural differences and infrastructural challenges that must be overcome is extremely important. The ultimate factor that determines success or failure, however, lies within the organization. Preparing an organization by establishing appropriate structures and processes is imperative.
Landmark detection for distinctive feature-based speech recognition (1996)

This work is a component of a proposed knowledge-based speech recognition system which uses landmarks to guide the search for distinctive features. In the speech signal, landmarks identify times when the acoustic manifestations of the linguistically motivated distinctive features are most salient. This paper describes an algorithm for automatically detecting acoustically abrupt landmarks. Some examples of acoustically abrupt landmarks are stop closures and releases, nasal closures and releases, and the point of cessation of free vocal fold vibration due to a velopharyngeal port closure at a nasal-to-obstruent juncture. As a consequence of landmark detection, the algorithm provides estimates of the broad phonetic class (articulator-free features) of the underlying segment. The algorithm is hierarchically structured, and is rooted in linguistic and speech production theory. It uses several factors to detect landmarks: energy abruptness in five frequency bands and at two levels of temporal resolution, segmental duration, broad phonetic class constraints, and articulatory constraints. Tested on a database of continuous, clean speech of women and men, the landmark detector has detection rates over 90%. A large majority of the detections were within 20 ms of the landmark transcription, and almost all were within 30 ms. The results are analyzed by landmark type and phonetic class.
Guideline for design of substrate stiffness for mesenchymal stem cell culture based on heterogeneity of YAP and RUNX2 responses (2023)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential for self-renewal and multipotency to differentiate into various lineages. Thus, they are of great interest in regenerative medicine as a cell source for tissue engineering. Substrate stiffness is one of the most extensively studied exogenous physical factors; however, consistent results have not always been reported for controlling MSCs. Conventionally used stiff culture substrates, such as tissue-culture polystyrene and glass, enhance nuclear localization of a mechanotransducer YAP and a pre-osteogenic transcription factor RUNX2, and bias MSCs towards the osteogenic lineage, even without osteogenic-inducing soluble factors. The mechanosensitive nature and intrinsic heterogeneity present challenges for obtaining reproducible results. This review summarizes the heterogeneity in human MSC response, specifically, nuclear/cytoplasmic localization changes in the mechanotransducer yes-associated protein (YAP) and the osteogenic transcription factor RUNX2, in response to substrate stiffness. In addition, a perspective on the intracellular factors attributed to response heterogeneity is discussed. The optimal range of stiffness parameters, Young's modulus, for MSC expansion culture to suppress osteogenic differentiation bias through the suppression of YAP and RUNX2 nuclear localization, and cell cycle progression is likely to be surprisingly narrow for a cell population from an identical donor and vary among cell populations from different donors. We believe that characterization of the heterogeneity of MSCs and understanding their biological meaning is an exciting research direction to establish guidelines for the design of culture substrates for the sophisticated control of MSC properties.
Mass spectrometric approaches in the characterization of the decomposition products of Dowicil 200® (1991)

The decomposition products of aged Dowicil 200® have been investigated by means of different mass spectrometric techniques. The use of both fast atom bombardment linked with collisional specroscopy on the raw mixture and high-performance liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis have led to the identification of decomposition products consistent with the structures of protonated and methylated methenamine.
Regulation of antibody response in different immunoglobulin classes. I. Selective suppression of anti-DNP IgE antibody response by preadministration of DNP-coupled mycobacterium. (1976)

Selective suppression of IgE antibody response was demonstrated. Preadministration of DNP-coupled mycobacterium (DNP-Tbc) inhibited the formation of anti-DNP IgE antibody induced by DNP-OA without any suppressive effect on anti-DNP IgG antibody response. Secondary anti-DNP IgE antibody response by DNP-OA was also significantly depressed by the preadministration of DNP-Tbc. Anti-OA IgE antibody response induced by DNP-OA was also depressed by DNP-Tbc, whereas anti-OA IgE antibody response induced by PAB-OA was not affected by the preadministration of DNP-Tbc. Preimmunization with DNP-MGG induced much higher anti-DNP IgG antibody response than DNP-Tbc, but DNP-MGG did not suppress the induction of anti-DNP IgE antibody. The transfer of DNP-Tbc-primed spleen cells into normal mice depressed anti-DNP IgE antibody response. B cell-depleted cell populations also showed a comparable inhibitory effect to that of unfractionated DNP-Tbc primed cells. In the adoptive cell transfer experiment, DNP-Tbc-primed cells depressed anti-DNP IgE antibody response of DNP-OA-primed cells when these cells were stimulated with DNP-OA. These results suggested that DNP-specific T cells induced with DNP-Tbc selectively inhibited IgE antibody response.
Observation of multiphoton detachment of theH−ion (1989)

We have observed nonresonant multiphoton electron detachment of ${\mathrm{H}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ ions in moderately intense (a few tens of GW/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$) laser fields. A well-collimated beam of ${\mathrm{H}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ ions with an energy of 581 MeV was intersected by focused 10.6-\ensuremath{\mu}m radiation from a pulsed ${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$ laser. The center-of-mass photon energy was tuned using the relativistic Doppler shift so that the minimum number of simultaneous photons required for electron detachment ranged from three to sixteen. Definite signals were observed for the minimum photon number ranging from three to eight. Our preliminary results show evidence for structure in the relative total cross section.
Differences in blood activation related to roller/centrifugal pumps and heparin coated/uncoated surfaces in a cardiopulmonary bypass model circuit (1996)

An in vitro model cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit consisting ot tubing, oxygenator and venous reservoirs with either a roller or a centrifugal pump, and with either heparin-coated (Carmeda Bioactive Surface, CBAS) or uncoated surfaces, was studied with respect to 'blood activation', using small-scale-based blood volume (450 + 500 ml). Sixteen circuits were tested in each pump group, eight with and eight without heparin-coated surfaces, by circulating heparinized fresh human blood for 72 hours at 30 degrees C. Blood plasma, sampled at defined intervals, was analysed for haemolysis (lactate dehydrogenase and potassium), complement activation (C3bc and C5b-9 (TCC)), complement lytic inhibitors (vitronectin and clusterin), coagulation activation (fibrinopeptide A), granulocyte (lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase) and platelet (beta-thromboglobulin) activation and contaminating endotoxin. The heparin coating significantly reduced the concentrations of C3bc, TCC, fibrinopeptide A, lactoferrin, myeloperoxidase and beta-thromboglobulin. The two pump types did not differ with respect to these parameters, but the roller pump caused significantly higher increases in plasma LDH and potassium and significantly greater reductions in clusterin and vitronectin than the centrifugal pump. Endotoxin concentration was low at the start and after 24 hours in all groups. These results confirm that heparin-coated CPB surfaces reduce blood activation, and suggest that centrifugal pumps cause less haemolysis and less reduction in lytic complement inhibitors than roller pumps.
Stereo magnification (2018)

The view synthesis problem---generating novel views of a scene from known imagery---has garnered recent attention due in part to compelling applications in virtual and augmented reality. In this paper, we explore an intriguing scenario for view synthesis: extrapolating views from imagery captured by narrow-baseline stereo cameras, including VR cameras and now-widespread dual-lens camera phones. We call this problem stereo magnification , and propose a learning framework that leverages a new layered representation that we call multiplane images (MPIs). Our method also uses a massive new data source for learning view extrapolation: online videos on YouTube. Using data mined from such videos, we train a deep network that predicts an MPI from an input stereo image pair. This inferred MPI can then be used to synthesize a range of novel views of the scene, including views that extrapolate significantly beyond the input baseline. We show that our method compares favorably with several recent view synthesis methods, and demonstrate applications in magnifying narrow-baseline stereo images.
System Level Optimisation of Passive Energy Balancing (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-0172.vid A common issue with morphing structures is that the actuators must work against significant structural and aerodynamic stiffness. The concept of Passive Energy Balancing (PEB) aims to ameliorate this, and thereby reduce system mass, by connecting negative stiffness elements to the actuated degrees of freedom. However, these devices can be complex to design and will also add their own mass to the system. It is therefore difficult to determine the potential for system level mass saving without significant detailed design effort. This work treats a PEB device as essentially a local energy storage mechanism. This framework leads to an approach to optimisation that will deliver a lightweight PEB mechanism in addition to reducing actuator requirements. It also allows a high level method to obtain an approximate evaluation of system level benefits with only basic information about the application being considered, by comparing general properties of the actuators used to the energy storage properties of the underlying materials used in the PEB device. The work concludes with a case study that shows how the PEB can potentially reduce system mass both through reduced energy consumption requirements and actuator mass savings, and can work particularly well for actuators with non ideal stroke/force profiles.
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin: Structure, Function and Role in Human Pathogenesis (2011)

Acute Phase Proteins -Regulation and Functions of Acute Phase Proteins 346 the "kernel" and the "outlier" lipocalins (Table 1).The kernel lipocalins contain all three motifs while the outlier lipocalins contain only one or two of these (but not all three) SCRs.
Botulinum toxin‐induced paralysis leads to slower myosin heavy chain isoform composition and reduced titin content in juvenile rat gastrocnemius muscle (2009)

Intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin A (Btx-A) and exercise are used in the treatment of muscle spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. However, little is known about the biological changes within muscle subsequent to Btx-A-induced paralysis and how the combination of Btx-A and exercise might affect the growing muscle. The wet mass, myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition, and titin content of the juvenile rat gastrocnemius muscle were determined 3 weeks after Btx-A injections and subsequent voluntary wheel-running exercise. Btx-A increased the proportion of type IIa (+121%) and IIx (+65%) MHC while decreasing the proportion of type IIb MHC (-51%) and reducing the titin content (-18%). Exercise did not amplify or reduce the changes induced by Btx-A. Thus, we conclude that although the sarcomeric stability of paralyzed muscle might be impaired, moderate mechanical loading does not seem to affect paralyzed muscle protein composition.
Management of Hyperglycemia in Hospitalized Adult Patients in Non-Critical Care Settings: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline (2022)

The recommendations are based on the consideration of important outcomes, practicality, feasibility, and patient values and preferences. These recommendations can be used to inform system improvement and clinical practice for this frequently encountered inpatient population.
The Solubility of ϵ‐CL‐20 in Selected Materials (1994)

Abstract The solubility of the epsilon polymorph of CL‐20 was determined in thirteen liquids over the temperature range of ambient to 74°C using high performance liquid chromatography. The experiments included ϵ‐CL‐20 produced by two different synthesis routes; one lot contained a higher level of polymorphic impurity, the other lot contained a higher level of non‐CL‐20 impurity.In general, the ϵ‐CL‐20 was found to be highly soluble in the solvents with carbonyl groups, and relatively insoluble in hydrocarbons and materials containing ether linkages. The amount of phase conversion to γ‐CL‐20 which occured during the solubility testing was measured using FTIR, and ranged from essentially zero to ∼ 10% conversion. It appears that the presence of β‐CL‐20 in the virgin ϵ‐CL‐20 lots will affect the amount of gamma‐phase present in the final residue.
Analysis of acetic acid-induced whitening of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (2001)

Immature and dysplastic cervical squamous epithelium whitens after the application of acetic acid during a colposcopic examination. The whitening process occurs visually over several minutes and subjectively discriminates between dysplastic and normal tissue. In this work, examples of the acetowhitening process are detailed in three ways: the color-imaged colposcopic appearance of the acetowhitening of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2/3), the kinetics of these reflectance patterns transformed to reduce noise in the signal, and a self-normalized green to red ratio measurement of the kinetics of these reflectance patterns. A total of six patients with biopsy confirmed CIN 2/3 were examined to obtain a set of timed images tracking the acetowhitening and the whitening-decay process over the course of 5-10 min. Regions of normal mature squamous epithelium within the same patients were also followed as an internal control. We determined that the temporal change over a 10 min time period in the ratio of green to red light intensities, taken from the respective color channels of the CCD, provides a reliable measure to clearly distinguish CIN 2/3 from normal cervical epithelium. This imaging and data normalization procedure may be applied to cervical lesions of different grades, to determine if a quantitative estimate provides predictive value during the colposcopic diagnosis.
An integrated approach to dissolved air flotation (2001)

DAFRapide techniques utilising reduced flocculation times, of the order of 5 minutes, together with flotation loading rates of up to 40 m/h, can be incorporated with conventional filtration systems operating at up to 20 m/h. Product quality of typically < 1 NTU and < 0.1 NTU after flotation and filtration respectively can be achieved.