gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controllable-stiffness components based on magnetorheological elastomers (2000)

So-called magnetorheological (MR) elastomers, comprising rubbery polymers loaded with magnetizable particles that are aligned in a magnetic field, possess dynamic stiffness and damping that can subsequently be controlled by applied fields. Tunable automotive bushings and mounts incorporating these materials and an embedded magnetic field source have been constructed. In this article, the response of these components to dynamic mechanical loading is described. They behave essentially as elastomeric springs with stiffness and damping that is increased by tens of percent with an applied electrical current. Their time of response to a change in current is less than ten milliseconds. In addition to a tunable spring or force generator, these components may also serve as deflection sensors.
Why the Central Dogma: on the nature of the great biological exclusion principle (2015)

The Central Dogma of molecular biology posits that transfer of information from proteins back to nucleic acids does not occur in biological systems. I argue that the impossibility of reverse translation is indeed a major, physical exclusion principle that emerges due to the transition from the digital information carriers, nucleic acids, to analog information carriers, proteins, which involves irreversible suppression of the digital information.
A tutorial overview of IPA-SQP approach for optimization of constrained nonlinear systems (2014)

This paper reviews the integrated perturbation analysis - sequential quadratic programming (IPA-SQP) approach. The IPA-SQP approach has been proposed to address computational challenges in nonlinear model predictive control (MPC) problems. This approach combines the complementary features of perturbation analysis and sequential quadratic programming in a unified framework. An overview of the IPA-SQP approach is provided, its methodological extension to adaptive MPC is discussed, and computational issues related to nonlinear MPC are discussed. Several successful applications of the IPA-SQP will also be highlighted. References to relevant literature are included.
Clinical Tests of the Simple Method of Estimating Cardiac Stroke Volume from Blood Pressure and Age (1954)

The results secured by the simple method of estimating cardiac output, described in the previous paper, have been applied to data already in the literature. Hundreds of comparisons are possible between estimates of cardiac output made by our blood pressure method from values given by the authors, and the results of estimates of cardiac output by some other well known method employed at the same time. The correlations between the results secured by our method and those obtained by Fick, acetylene, ethyl iodide, and nitrous oxide methods are often surprisingly good. There is an unexplained difference in level between the Fick and blood pressure estimates, but not between the blood pressure estimates and those of the three older methods.
Wet beds in times of trouble: Narrative therapy, trauma and enuresis (2013)

Dulwich Centre Foundation is involved in projects aiming to assist children living in vulnerable circumstances, including children who have experienced or witnessed violence. During these projects we hear about how children and young people in such distressing circumstances are increasingly vulnerable to experiencing bedwetting.
Preparation of Feather Keratin Hydrolyzate‐Gelatin Composites and Their Graft Copolymers (2005)

With the aim of utilizing the Keratinous waste material, poultry feather, which is up till now discarded as a waste, was hydrolyzed to form keratin hydrolyzate (FH). As FH does not form a film, it was mixed with gelatin (G) and FH‐G composite was prepared in film form. FH‐G was further graft co‐polymerized with 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) to achieve better physico‐chemical properties for the resultant hydrogels. Percentage grafting studies and IR studies confirmed the grafting of PHEMA onto FH‐G. FH‐G‐PHEMA exhibited better mechanical properties compared to FH‐G and FH‐PHEMA. TG studies clearly indicated the grafting of HEMA onto FH and FH‐G. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) pictures of FH‐G and FH‐PHEMA films exhibited brittle nature on their surface, whereas continuity and A smooth surface was observed on for the FH‐G‐PHEMA films.
Abnormal and collateral innervations of sympathetic and peripheral sensory fields associated with a case of causalgia (1984)

A 41-year-old female developed spontaneous burning pain (causalgia) and stimulus-induced dysesthesia (allodynia) of the dorso-lateral part of her right foot following trauma. An L3 and L4 sympathectomy eliminated the spontaneous burning pain for only 1 year, but did not affect the stimulus-induced dysesthesia. We evaluated her two years post-sympathectomy with grouped sequential anesthetic blocks and sensory testing. Sympathetic blocks at L1 and L2 eliminated the burning pain and normalized heat perception from baseline hyperalgesia, indicating that the causalgia had been reactivated via more rostral sympathetic ganglia. Anesthetic block of the sural nerve eliminated both the burning pain and the stimulus-induced dysesthesia. During the sural nerve block, perception of touch and pin, but not heat, was preserved in the sural distribution. All perception was lost following subsequent block of the peroneal branches. When the peroneals were blocked first, perception of touch, pin and heat remained in the sural distribution. With peroneal block the burning pain was eliminated, but the stimulus-induced dysesthesia remained, even in the anesthetic peroneal territory. When sural block was added to the peroneal block the stimulus-induced dysesthesia was eliminated, and sensation in the sural distribution was lost. We conclude that the sural distribution received overalapping innervation for touch and pin-prick perception, but that heat perception, burning pain and the stimulus-induced dysesthesia were sural nerve dependent. Further, we were able to dissociate causalgia pain from allodynia in this patient.
Time–Temperature Equivalence of Heat-Induced Changes in Cells and Proteins (1998)

Research Papers Time–Temperature Equivalence of Heat-Induced Changes in Cells and Proteins N. T. Wright, N. T. Wright Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. S. Chen, S. S. Chen Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. D. Humphrey J. D. Humphrey Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and Article Information N. T. Wright Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 S. S. Chen Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 J. D. Humphrey Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 J Biomech Eng. Feb 1998, 120(1): 22-26 (5 pages) https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2834301 Published Online: February 1, 1998 Article history Received: March 13, 1996 Revised: April 3, 1997 Online: January 7, 2008
Global loss of promoter-enhancer connectivity and rebalancing of gene expression during early colorectal cancer carcinogenesis (2022)

Abstract Although 3D genome architecture can be essential for gene regulation, the biological implications of long-range chromatin interactions in disease remain elusive. In this study, we traced the early evolution and malignant transformation of colorectal cancer by generating high-resolution chromatin conformation maps of 33 colon samples spanning different stages of early neoplastic growth from polyps of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) patients. Our analysis reveals a substantial progressive loss of genome-wide cis-regulatory connectivity at early stages of malignancy, which correlates with a non-linear effect on gene regulation. Genes with high promoter-enhancer (P-E) connectivity in unaffected mucosa are not correlated with elevated baseline expression, but instead tend to be up-regulated at advanced stages. Inhibition of highly connected promoters preferentially represses gene expression in colorectal cancer cells relative to normal colonic epithelial cells. Our results suggest a two-phase model whereby neoplastic transformation reduces P-E connectivity from a redundant state to a rate-limiting one for transcriptional levels. Overall, our study illuminates the intricate interplay between 3D genome architecture and gene regulation during early colorectal cancer progression, and provides valuable insights for potential therapeutic interventions targeting the connectivity of cis-regulatory elements.
Effectiveness of simulation-based interprofessional education for medical and nursing students in South Korea: a pre-post survey (2020)

We observed an effect of interprofessional education on cultivating self-confidence and recognizing the importance of interprofessional collaboration between medical professions. It can be inferred that exposure to collaboration situations through Interprofessional education leads to a positive perception of interprofessional learning. However, even after their interprofessional education experience, existing perceptions of the role of other professional groups in the collaboration situation did not change, which shows the limitations of a one-time short-term program. This suggests that efforts should be made to ensure continuous exposure to social interaction experiences with other professions.
Additional file 4: of CHIMERA repetitive mild traumatic brain injury induces chronic behavioural and neuropathological phenotypes in wild-type and APP/PS1 mice (2019)

Brain cytokines and tau and plasma neurofilament-light. The carbonate-soluble fraction of brain homogenates were assayed for (a) inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and (b) total tau, p-tau at Thr231, and the ratio of p-tau to total tau. c Plasma levels of neurofilament-light at 8 M post-injury is also reported. In (a), data are plotted as median ± interquartile range. In (b) and (c), data are plotted as mean ± SE. (PDF 50 kb)
An efficacious multifunction codoping strategy on a room-temperature solution-processed hole transport layer for realizing high-performance perovskite solar cells (2020)

A simple room-temperature solution-based and post-treatment-free processed (Li, Cu):NiO<sub>x</sub>HTL is successfully demonstrated for high-performance rigid and flexible perovskite solar cells.
Model-driven, Wavefield Baseline Subtraction for Damage Visualization using Dictionary Learning (2017)

Wavefield acquisition is a powerful visualization tool for studying wave propagation. Yet, without a baseline, damage visualization is a challenge because the damage wavefield is usually orders of magnitude weaker than the incident waves. Researchers have created several baseline-free approaches for suppressing incident waves, but these methods often rely on simple assumptions. We address this challenge with a dictionary learning framework that uses simulation data to guide the suppression of incident waves. Dictionary learning produces new baselines with geometric features similar to the simulations as well as velocity and frequency response features similar to the experimental data. We show that our framework can visualize reflections from a circular 2 mm diameter half thickness hole in a 10 cm Ã— 10 cm steel plate without a baseline.
Failure of epoprostenol (prostacyclin, PGI2) to inhibit platelet aggregation and to prevent restenosis after coronary angioplasty: results of a randomised placebo controlled trial. (1994)

The dose of PGI2 given was designed to limit side effects and as a short-term infusion did not significantly decrease the six month restenosis rate after PTCA. The sample size, which was determined by the original protocol and chosen because of the potency of the agent being tested, would have detected only a 50% reduction in restenosis rate. There was, however, no effect in the treated patients on the increased platelet aggregation seen in placebo group as a result of angioplasty. Angioplasty is a powerful stimulus to blood factor activation. Powerful agents that prevent local platelet adhesion and aggregation are likely to be required to reduce restenosis.
Burden of diarrhea and antibiotic use among children in low-resource settings preventable by Shigella vaccination: a simulation study (2023)

ABSTRACT Background Shigella is a leading cause of diarrhea and dysentery in children in low resource settings, which is frequently treated with antibiotics. The primary goal of a Shigella vaccine would be to reduce mortality and morbidity associated with Shigella diarrhea. However, ancillary benefits could include reducing antibiotic use and antibiotic exposures for bystander pathogens carried at the time of treatment, specifically for fluoroquinolones and macrolides (F/M), which are the recommended drug classes to treat dysentery. Methods We used data from the Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development (MAL-ED) study to estimate the impact of two one-dose (6 or 9 months) and three two-dose (6 &amp; 9 months, 9 &amp; 12 months, and 12 &amp; 15 months) Shigella vaccines on diarrheal episodes, overall antibiotic use, and F/M use. Further, we considered additional protection through indirect and boosting effects. To estimate the absolute and relative reductions in the incidence of diarrhea and antibiotic use under each vaccination scenario, Monte Carlo simulations with random sampling were performed. Findings We analyzed 9392 diarrhea episodes and 15697 antibiotic courses among 1715 children in the MAL-ED birth cohort study. There were 273.8 diarrhea episodes, 30.6 shigellosis episodes, and 457.6 antibiotic courses per 100-child years. A Shigella vaccine given at 9 &amp; 12 months prevented 1.7 (95% CI: 1.3, 2.1) severe Shigella diarrhea episodes (46.5% reduction), 11.0 (95% CI: 10.0, 11.9) Shigella diarrhea episodes of any severity (35.9% reduction), 3.1 (95% CI: 2.6, 3.7) F/M courses (2.9% reduction overall), 5.8 (95% CI: 5.2, 6.6) antibiotic courses (1.0% reduction overall), and 6.3 (95% CI: 5.2, 7.5) F/M (3.2% reduction) and 11.2 (95% CI: 9.7, 12.9) antibiotic (1.2% reduction) exposures to bystander pathogens, respectively, per 100-child years. Interpretation A Shigella vaccine could make substantial reductions in Shigella diarrhea, antibiotic use to treat shigellosis, and bystander exposures due to shigellosis treatment. However, the reductions in overall diarrhea episodes and antibiotic use would be modest. Funding Wellcome Trust, Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation
Electrochemical Preparation of Pd Seeds/Inorganic Multilayers on Structured Metallic Fibres (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Brief Review on Preparation Method Explanation of the Proposed Preparation Method Multilayer Preparation on Metal Substrates Final Remarks and Conclusion References
Catalytic Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Aliphatic Alcohols (2020)

We developed the first acceptorless dehydrogenation of aliphatic secondary alcohols to ketones under visible light irradiation at room temperature by devising a ternary hybrid catalyst system comprising a photoredox catalyst, a thiophosphate organocatalyst, and a nickel catalyst. The reaction proceeded through three main steps: hydrogen atom transfer from the α-C-H bond of an alcohol substrate to the thiyl radical of the photo-oxidized organocatalyst, interception of the generated carbon-centered radical with a nickel catalyst, and β-hydride elimination. The reaction proceeded in high yield under mild conditions without producing side products (except H<sub>2</sub> gas) from various alcohols, including sterically hindered alcohols, a steroid, and a pharmaceutical derivative. This catalyst system also promoted acceptorless cross-dehydrogenative esterification from aldehydes and alcohols through hemiacetal intermediates.
Preparation of Acrylic and Methacrylic Acids by Pyrolysis of Their Alkyl Esters (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of Acrylic and Methacrylic Acids by Pyrolysis of Their Alkyl EstersW. P. Ratchford, C. E. Rehberg, and C. H. FisherCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1944, 66, 11, 1864–1866Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1944https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01239a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01239a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views647Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The lead debate continues (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe lead debate continuesCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1982, 16, 4, 208A–209APublication Date (Print):April 1, 1982Publication History Published online30 May 2012Published inissue 1 April 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/es00098a709Copyright © 1982 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views11Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (500 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Depletion Performance of Poorly Stimulated Layered Reservoirs Without Crossflow (2000)

Abstract Many layered no-crossflow gas reservoirs when initially completed did not benefit from the use of selective stimulation. Without aid of an effective diversion technique, the stimulation treatment only acts on the high permeability layers. This generally leaves the lower permeability layers in a poorly stimulated condition. Significant upside potential may exist in mature areas through restimulation of the lower permeability intervals. We present the results of a study of the depletion performance of a two-layer gas reservoir suffering from a poor initial stimulation. We assume that only the higher permeability interval has been successfully stimulated. A 2-D radial simulator is used to investigate the subsequent depletion performance after the low permeability layer is restimulated. Using a graphical presentation of rate versus time and pressure-cumulative production, we illustrate the restimulation effects on the depletion performance of these reservoirs. The graphical presentations clearly illustrate the advantages of re-stimulation as a function of volume ratio, layer skin, and abandonment rate. In addition, a 3-D Cartesian model is used to investigate the restimulation impact in competitive reservoirs. We discuss the magnitude of potential reserve increases and present several field case histories illustrating the restimulation effect. Guidelines for selecting potential restimulation candidates are presented.
Spontaneous Rotational Inversion in Phycomyces (2011)

The filamentary fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus undergoes a series of remarkable transitions during aerial growth. During what is known as the stage IV growth phase, the fungus extends while rotating in a counterclockwise manner when viewed from above (stage IVa) and then, while continuing to grow, spontaneously reverses to a clockwise rotation (stage IVb). This phase lasts for 24-48 h and is sometimes followed by yet another reversal (stage IVc) before the overall growth ends. Here, we propose a continuum mechanical model of this entire process using nonlinear, anisotropic, elasticity and show how helical anisotropy associated with the cell wall structure can induce spontaneous rotation and, under appropriate circumstances, the observed reversal of rotational handedness.
HLA Expression in Uveal Melanoma: An Indicator of Malignancy and a Modifiable Immunological Target (2019)

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, and gives rise to metastases in 50% of cases. The presence of an inflammatory phenotype is a well-known risk factor for the development of metastases. This inflammatory phenotype is characterized by the presence of high numbers of lymphocytes and macrophages, and a high expression of the HLA Class I and II antigens. An abnormal expression of HLA Class I may influence cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) as well as Natural Killer (NK) cell responses. We provide a comprehensive review regarding the inflammatory phenotype in UM and the expression of locus- and allele-specific HLA Class I and of Class II antigens in primary UM and its metastases. Furthermore, we describe the known regulators and the role of genetics (especially chromosome 3 and BRCA-Associated Protein 1 (BAP1 status)), and, last but not least, the effect of putative therapeutic treatments on HLA expression.