gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Innovative Methods for Low-Temperature Contact Formation For Photovoltaics Applications (2015)

Interest in silicon heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer and newly proposed wider bandgap carrier selective contact solar cells in recent years motivates the investigation of low temperature contact formation in order to preserve the order of electronic quality of these layers as well as the chemical surface passivation provided by hydrogenated passivation layers. The realization of low temperature contacts may also broaden solar cell and other optoelectronic devices opportunities, e.g. to use thermally sensitive materials, such as flexible polymer substrates, while at the same time reducing the thermal budget expended on device fabrication. In this work, two methods for low-temperature ohmic contact formation are investigated. The first is a rapid localized annealing technique using electromagnetic induction and the second a deposition method using inkjet printing of reactive silver inks. These techniques are evaluated for use in solar cell devices (not only silicon-based) by comparing demonstrated properties to those targeted for front contacts to solar cells, i.e. finger width, aspect ratio, resistivity, specific contact resistance, and apparent adhesion.
Four cases of pleomorphic adenoma of the cheek and the upper lip. (1991)

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common tumor in all salivary glands. It affectsat the parotid gland in the major salivary gland or palatal mucosa in the minor salivarygland, but it seems to be rare in the cheek, lip, and tongue.Recently we have experienced four cases of pleomorphic adenoma of the cheek and theupper lip, and reported that outline as follows:1. At the cheek was one case (44-year-old female), at the upper lip were three cases (23-year-old male, 42-year-old female, 74-year-old female).2. In all cases, the tumor was covered with fibrous capsula, and clearly separated fromthe marginal tissues, so we have enucleated the tumors.3. We thought that echography, CT, xeroradiography was more useful for the tumorsize, the relation to marginal tissues, the diagnosis of quality and inner structure of the tumorin pleomorphic adenoma of the cheek.4. During the observation ranging from six months to three years and nine months, therewas no recurrence and the prognosis was good for all cases.
X‐ray structure analysis of poly[di‐(3,4‐dimethylphenoxy)phosphazene] (1983)

Abstract The crystal structure of oriented poly[di‐(3,4‐dimethylphenoxy) phosphazene] (PDMP) was determined by x‐ray diffraction. Unit‐cell parameters were found to be a = 15.85, b = 19.43, and c = 9.85 Å. The unit cell is metrically orthorhombic with monoclinic space group P2 1 . There were 48 refinable diffraction spots in the observed reciprocal lattice region, of which 28 were observed and 20 were unobserved. A refined model yielded the following residuals: R (obs) = 0.162 and 0.138. It was shown that a two‐chain unit cell with a [T 3 C] 2 ( trans, trans, trans, cis, trans, trans, trans, cis ) backbone conformation was the correct structure. The dimethylphenoxy side groups were arranged in nearly parallel planes, slightly off‐normal to the fiber c axis. The polymer chains are extremely tightly packed and contain close but reasonable steric contacts.
“Super” SERPINs—A stabilizing force against fibrinolysis in thromboinflammatory conditions (2023)

The superfamily of serine protease inhibitors (SERPINs) are a class of inhibitors that utilise a dynamic conformational change to trap and inhibit their target enzymes. Their powerful nature lends itself well to regulation of complex physiological enzymatic cascades, such as the haemostatic, inflammatory and complement pathways. The SERPINs α2-antiplasmin, plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1, plasminogen-activator inhibitor-2, protease nexin-1, and C1-inhibitor play crucial inhibitory roles in regulation of the fibrinolytic system and inflammation. Elevated levels of these SERPINs are associated with increased risk of thrombotic complications, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. Conversely, deficiencies of these SERPINs have been linked to hyperfibrinolysis with bleeding and angioedema. In recent years SERPINs have been implicated in the modulation of the immune response and various thromboinflammatory conditions, such as sepsis and COVID-19. Here, we highlight the current understanding of the physiological role of SERPINs in haemostasis and inflammatory disease progression, with emphasis on the fibrinolytic pathway, and how this becomes dysregulated during disease. Finally, we consider the role of these SERPINs as potential biomarkers of disease progression and therapeutic targets for thromboinflammatory diseases.
A new method of current density control during the pulse plating process (2005)

AbstractDuring metal deposition, the current density employed has a significant effect on the electrodeposition rate, the composition of the deposits, the throwing power, the filling capability and the surface morphology. Our investigations have shown that the value of current density used for metal deposition under changes of deposition area is adjustable by means of overpotential control and that provides the properties required for the plating deposit. It is possible to estimate the value of the overpotential by using a measuring electrode and to change it by the changing plating pulse width. The method of overpotential estimation depends on the ratio between the rate of overpotential change during the plating pulse and the width of the plating pulse. A constant current density for metal deposition yields a constant electrodeposition rate and the required metal deposit weight or average thickness can be provided with high accuracy. A system for current density control based on the above described metho...
Acousto-mechanical and thermal properties of clotted blood (2005)

The efficacy of ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis as an adjunct treatment of ischemic stroke is being widely investigated. In order to determine the role of ultrasound hyperthermia in the process of blood clot disruption, the thermal and acousto-mechanical properties of clotted blood were measured in vitro. Whole blood clots were prepared from either fresh porcine or human blood by aliquoting 1.5 or 2.0 ml into 10 ml glass tubes (BD VacutainerTM, Franklin Lakes, NJ), immersing the tubes in a 37°C water bath for three hours and storing the clots at 5°C for at least three days prior to assessment of the properties, which ensured complete clot retraction. Direct calorimetric measurements using calibrated E-type thermocouples (Omega Engineering, Inc., Stanford, CT) were performed to determine the heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the human and porcine thrombi against a standard fluid, saline [0.9%]. The amplitude coefficient of attenuation of the clots was determined from 120 kHz to 3.5 MHz with a calibrated hydrophone (TC4038, RESON, Inc., Goleta, CA) in a 20±2°C water bath using the substitution method. The experimentally measured values of heat capacity, density, and thermal conductivity of porcine clotted blood are 3.23±0.46 J/g⋅K, 1.058±0.014 g/cm3, and 0.52±0.14 W/m⋅K. The attenuation coefficient ranged from 0.10 to 0.30 Nepers/cm over 120 kHz to 3.5 MHz. Measurements of the acousto-mechanical and thermal properties of clotted blood can be helpful in theoretical modeling of ultrasound hyperthermia in ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis.
Supplementary material from "The stentable in vitro artery: an instrumented platform for endovascular device development and optimization" (2016)

Although vascular disease is a leading cause of mortality, <i>in vitro</i> tools for controlled, quantitative studies of vascular biological processes in an environment that reflects physiological complexity remain limited. We developed a novel <i>in vitro</i> artery that exhibits a number of unique features distinguishing it from tissue-engineered or organ-on-a-chip constructs, most notably that it allows deployment of endovascular devices including stents, quantitative real-time tracking of cellular responses and detailed measurement of flow velocity and lumenal shear stress using particle image velocimetry. The wall of the stentable <i>in vitro</i> artery consists of an annular collagen hydrogel containing smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and whose lumenal surface is lined with a monolayer of endothelial cells (ECs). The system has <i>in vivo</i> dimensions and physiological flow conditions and allows automated high-resolution live imaging of both SMCs and ECs. To demonstrate proof-of-concept, we imaged and quantified EC wound healing, SMC motility and altered shear stresses on the endothelium after deployment of a coronary stent. The stentable <i>in vitro</i> artery provides a unique platform suited for a broad array of research applications. Wide-scale adoption of this system promises to enhance our understanding of important biological events affecting endovascular device performance and to reduce dependence on animal studies.
Noise control on computer and business equipment using speed controlled blowers (2003)

The authors present a method to reduce the noise level of computer and business equipment by the implementation of temperature-controlled variable-speed blowers. The possibility for reducing the noise emission is given by the fact that today's cooling design is mostly based on worst-case environmental conditions (maximum temperature and altitude above sea level) to cover the wide variety of the products' worldwide installations. The potential acoustical benefits of adaptive cooling are significant and would be extremely expensive to attain using conventional path noise-control methods such as mufflers or enclosures. However, it should not be overlooked that the price paid for lower noise levels, in addition to the cost of the controller (which is in most cases balanced by the removal of acoustical treatments), is a possible effect on the reliability of the electronics, since their cooling is no longer overdesigned.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Effect of coupled oscillations on microbubble behavior (2003)

Ultrasound contrast agents are encapsulated microbubbles whose nonlinear acoustic scattering signatures have been the foundation of their use in diagnostic imaging. The coupled oscillations of microbubbles along their lines of center are investigated theoretically using radial equations in the monopole approximation and an energy balance, which is obtained for the system. Coupled microbubble pairs of different initial radii are investigated numerically relative to the normal modes for the linearized system. For microbubble pairs of different size bubbles driven below the mode of the smaller bubble and above the mode of the larger bubble, it is shown that oscillations of the smaller agent are affected substantially more by the coupling than those of the larger one. For separation distances of 10 and 500 microns, a difference of approximately 10 dB occurs in the second harmonic output of a 1.0-micron radius agent coupled with a 2.2-micron radius agent forced at 2.0 MHz and 0.3 MPa. The subharmonic spectral peak is shown to decrease approximately 19 dB for the coupling of 1.5- and 2.2-micron radius agents at 10- and 500-micron distances under the same acoustic forcing conditions. These coupling effects on the radiated pressure and its spectral power are highlighted for contrast agent imaging applications.
Simultaneous switching noise and IR drop in graphene nanoribbon power distribution networks (2012)

The work in this paper presents the analyses of simultaneous switching noise (SSN) and power supply voltage (IR drop) in graphene nanoribbon (GNR) interconnects for 16 nm technology node. The electrical equivalent model is used to derive the electrical circuit parameters for GNR interconnects. The results are compared with that of traditional copper (Cu) based interconnects. It has been found that the peak SSN in GNR is 41-23% less than that in Cu interconnects. The peak IR drop is 38-34% less in GNR as compared to Cu wires. The propagation delay is critically impacted due to SSN and IR drop. GNR shows up to 64.49% less impact in the delay in comparison to that of Cu based power networks.
Human herpesvirus 6 and multiple sclerosis: potential mechanisms for virus-induced disease. (2005)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological disease of unknown cause that affects people between 20 and 40 years of age. While several viruses have been associated with MS, none has proven causative. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is one agent that may play a role in MS. Some studies have demonstrated an association between HHV-6 and MS based on immunological and molecular data, suggesting that a subset of MS patients may have reactivation of this widespread herpesvirus. New studies investigating the biology of HHV-6 have given insights towards understanding how HHV-6 may play a role in MS pathology. By inducing molecular mimicry or excessive complement activation, HHV-6 reactivation may have the potential to trigger autoimmunity and tissue damage associated with MS lesion development.
Disease-specific Proteins from Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients (2006)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly destroys cartilages or bones at the joints. This inflammatory disorder is initiated by self-attack using own immune system, but the detail of pathological mechanism is unclear. Features of autoantigens leading to autoimmune disease are also under veil although several candidates including type II collagen have been suggested to play a role in pathogenesis. In this report, we tried to identify proteins responding to antibodies purified from RA patients and screen proteins up-regulated or down-regulated in RA using proteomic approach. Fibronectin, semaphorin 7A precursor, growth factor binding protein 7 (GRB7), and immunoglobulin mu chain were specifically associated with antibodies isolated from RA synovial fluids. In addition, some metabolic proteins such as adipocyte fatty acid binding protein, galectin-1 and apolipoprotein A1 precursor were overexpressed in RA synovium. Also, expression of peroxiredoxin 2 was up-regulated in RA. On the contrary, expression of vimentin was severely suppressed in RA synoviocytes. Such findings might give some insights into understanding of pathological mechanism in RA.
Identification of low-order linear power system models from EMTP simulations using the Steiglitz-McBride algorithm (1998)

This paper presents the implementation of an efficient method for computing low order linear system models of power systems from time domain simulations. The method is the identification algorithm initially introduced by K. Steiglitz and L.E. McBride for calculating the transfer function of a linear system from samples of its input and output. The paper describes the original algorithm, added extensions, and issues addressed for its practical implementation. The applicability of the method is demonstrated by computing a low-order equivalent linear system of a detailed three-phase power system, modeled on an Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP). The paper discusses practical implementation issues.
469-nm fiber laser source (2005)

We have demonstrated 466 mW of 469 nm light from a frequency doubled continuous wave fiber laser. The system consisted of a 938 nm single frequency laser diode master oscillator, which was amplified in two stages to 5 Watts using cladding pumped Nd <sup>3+</sup> fiber amplifiers and then frequency doubled in a single pass through periodically poled KTP. The 3 cm long PPKTP crystal was made by Raicol Crystals Ltd. with a period of 5.9 &mu;m and had a phase match temperature of 47 degrees Centigrade. The beam was focused to a 1/e<sup>2</sup> diameter in the crystal of 29 &mu;m. Overall conversion efficiency was 11% and the results agreed well with standard models. Our 938 nm fiber amplifier design minimizes amplified spontaneous emission at 1088 nm by employing an optimized core to cladding size ratio. This design allows the 3-level transition to operate at high inversion, thus making it competitive with the 1088 nm 4-level transition. We have also carefully chosen the fiber coil diameter to help suppress propagation of wavelengths longer than 938 nm. At 2 Watts, the 938 nm laser had an M<sup>2</sup> of 1.1 and good polarization (correctable with a quarter and half wave plate to >10:1).
Efficient Weight Estimation in Neural Networks for Adaptive Control (1991)

This paper considers the applicaton of neural networks in controlling a system with unknown process equations. To make such an approach practical, it is required that connection weights in the neural network be estimated efficiently. This paper considers the use of a new stochastic approximation algorithm for this weight estimation. It is shown that this algorithm can greatly reduce the computational burden that would be incurred if a more standard stochastic approximation algorithm, based on a finite-difference gradient approximation, were used.
Thermal Imaging To Visualize and Characterize Combustion Fronts in Porous Media (2020)

We developed a novel technique based upon time-lapse infrared (IR) images to relate the effects of crude-oil oxidation kinetics on flow during one-dimensional homogeneous and heterogeneous laboratory-scale combustion tube experiments. We performed combustion tube experiments under variable conditions including different sands (i.e., grain-size distribution), air injection rate history (constant versus variable), degree of packing heterogeneity, and reaction heterogeneity. The latter is achieved by using reaction enhancing nanoparticles in controlled packing configurations. During every experiment, we obtain high-resolution IR images of the outer wall of the combustion tube that we calibrate using point-wise temperature measurements from a thermocouple. Here, a new experimental workflow that uses these images and combines knowledge obtained from kinetic cell experiments is used to isolate the spatial zones within the tube where so-called low-temperature and high-temperature oxidation (pseudoreaction regimes) occurs during combustion tube experiments for the first time. Additionally, the IR imaging technique is shown to provide new insight into the propagation of the combustion front in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems and, importantly, visualizes gravity drainage of hot oil.
Besteuerungsstrukturen von Auslieferungslagern im Kontext sich abzeichnender BEPS-Entwicklungen illustriert anhand ausgewählter Fallstudien (2017)

Article Besteuerungsstrukturen von Auslieferungslagern im Kontext sich abzeichnender BEPS-Entwicklungen illustriert anhand ausgewählter Fallstudien was published on June 1, 2017 in the journal UbG - Die Unternehmensbesteuerung (volume 10, issue 6).
Hydrocarbon gases and oils from the recycling of polystyrene waste by catalytic pyrolysis (2003)

The yield and composition of oils and gases derived from the pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis of polystyrene has been investigated. The pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis was carried out in a fixed bed reactor. Two catalysts were used, zeolite ZSM-5 and Y-zeolite and the influence of the temperature of the catalyst, the amount of catalyst loading and the use of a mixture of the two catalysts was investigated. The main product from the uncatalysed pyrolysis of polystyrene was an oil consisting mostly of styrene and other aromatic hydrocarbons. The gases were found to consist of methane, ethane, ethene, propane, propene, butane and butene. In the presence of either catalyst an increase in the yield of gas and decrease in the amount of oil produced was found, but there was significant formation of carbonaceous coke on the catalyst. Increasing the temperature of the Y-zeolite catalyst and also the amount of catalyst in the catalyst bed resulted in a decrease in the yield of oil and increase in the yield of gas. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Case Studies on Glazing Robot Technology on Construction Sites (2015)

Glass panel (curtain-wall, glass ceiling etc.) is a type of building material for interior/exterior finishing. The demand for larger glass panel has increased along with the number of high-rise buildings and an increased interest in interior design. Typical construction machineries are, however, not adequate for installing the glass panel and most of the construction works have been still managed by a human operator. Construction processes are, therefore, fraught with a number of problems. The objective of this paper to introduce case studies on glazing robot technology for installing glass panel on construction sites. The first case is related to robot technology for installing curtain-walls in a high-rise building construction site. To satisfy curtain-walls installing needs for precise and safe work, especially, a hybrid motion typed curtain-wall glazing robot (HCGR) has been developed and applied to real construction sites. After applying HCGR to a real construction site, the second case study is directly planned to apply glazing robot technology to glass ceiling installing process. In all cases, a novel control strategy of glazing robot is proposed for installation of heavy glass panels in cooperation between a human operator and a glazing robot.
[Quality of life instruments for women with pelvic organ prolapse]. (2003)

Based on two previously validated English questionnaires, the PFDI and the PFIQ, we have developed the first quality-of-life instruments in French for women with pelvic organ prolapse, the ISP and the QIP.
Differing effects of apical and basolateral adenosine on colonic epithelial cell line T84 (1989)

Adenosine and its agonists, 5'-(N-ethylcarboxamido)adenosine and N6-(D-2-phenylisopropyl)-adenosine, induced a sustained increase in chloride secretion when added to either the apical or basolateral aspect of monolayers of the human colonic epithelial cell line T84. Secretion was induced with identical kinetics by addition to both sides, but apical addition was less potent. The rank order of potency of the agonists on either side was consistent with the presence of an adenosine A2-receptor, but the apical and basolateral receptors differed in both their ability to stimulate increases in adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, and their susceptibility to down-modulation by chronic exposure to 5'-(N-ethylcarboxamido) adenosine in culture.