gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cirrhotic Liver Expresses Low Levels of the Full-Length and Truncated Growth Hormone Receptors1 (1998)

In cirrhosis, as in other conditions of protein catabolism, there is a state of acquired GH resistance, as defined by high circulating GH levels with low insulin-like growth factor I levels. However, patients with end-stage liver failure respond to supraphysiological doses of GH with an increase in circulating insulin-like growth factor I levels. The present study represents a detailed analysis of GH receptor (GHR) expression in cirrhotic liver from 17 patients with end-stage liver disease. Specific binding of labeled GH was identified in all cirrhotic livers studied. The binding affinity for the GHR was similar in cirrhotic and normal livers, but the number of binding sites per mg protein of liver membrane was variable in both normal and cirrhotic liver, although it were generally lower in cirrhotic liver. GHR expression was identified in cirrhotic liver by Northern blotting, RT-PCR, and ribonuclease protection assay. On Northern blotting, a single transcript of 4.8 kb was identified in normal and cirrhotic tissues. RT-PCR identified expression of both full-length GHR and a truncated form of the GHR; this was confirmed by ribonuclease protection assay. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry confirmed the expression of GHR in regenerating hepatocytes and isolated cells in fibrous tissue. In conclusion, 1) the low level of GHR in cirrhotic liver may contribute to the acquired GH resistance found in cirrhotic patients; 2) the reduced expression of both full-length and truncated GHR is compatible with the low level of GH-binding protein found in cirrhosis, as this truncated receptor has previously been reported to generate large amounts of GH-binding protein; and 3) the demonstration of GH binding to cirrhotic liver explains why these patients with GH resistance may still respond to supraphysiological doses of GH.
Color model-based real-time learning for road following (2006)

Road following is an important skill vital to the development and deployment of autonomous vehicles. Over the past few decades, a large number of road following computer vision systems have been developed. All of these systems have limitations in their capabilities, arising from assumptions of idealized conditions. The systems show dependency on highly structured roads, road homogeneity, simplified road shapes, and idealized lighting conditions. In the real world, the systems are only effective in specialized cases. This paper proposes a vision system that is capable of dealing with many of these limitations, accurately segmenting unstructured, nonhomogeneous roads of arbitrary shape under various lighting conditions. The system uses color classification and learning to construct and use multiple road and background models. Color models are constructed on a frame by frame basis and used to segment each color image into road and background by estimating the probability that a pixel belongs to a particular model. The models are constructed and learned independently of road shape, allowing the segmentation of arbitrary road shapes. Temporal fusion is used in the stabilization of the results. Preliminary testing demonstrates the system's effectiveness on roads not handled by previous systems
Cooperative Nucleophilic and General-Acid Catalysis by the HisH+−His Pair and Arginine Transition State Binding in Catalysis of Ester Hydrolysis Reactions by Designed Helix−Loop−Helix Motifs (1998)

A histidine-based two-residue reactive site for the catalysis of hydrolysis and transesterification reactions of p-nitrophenyl esters has been engineered into a helix in a designed helix−loop−helix motif, and it has been shown to function through cooperative nucleophilic and general-acid catalysis. The two-residue site has been expanded by the incorporation of two arginine residues in the neighboring helix, and the arginines have been found to provide further transition state binding of the anionic transition state. The second-order rate constant in aqueous solution at pH 5.1 and 290 K for the peptide with the most efficient two-residue site is 0.054 M-1 s-1, the pKa value of both the histidine residues, His-30 and His-34, is 5.6, and the kinetic solvent isotope effect is 1.5. The introduction of Arg-11 and Arg-15 increases the second-order rate constant to 0.105 M-1 s-1. The second-order rate constant of a peptide with a two-residue site of His-26 and His-30 is 0.010 M-1 s-1, and the pKa values of the two His residues are 6.8 and 5.6, respectively. The difference in reactivity between the two peptides is consistent with a model where the His with the higher number in the sequence is the nucleophile and the His with the lower number is a general-acid catalyst. The results are incompatible with a model where the histidine residue with the lower number is the nucleophile.
Eifect of AIN on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of FePt Thin Films (2005)

FePt(50nm) and [FePt(2,3,5nm)/AlN(1nm)]n films were prepared by RF magnetron sputtering technique, then annealed at 550℃ for 30min. The effect of the number of bilayer repetitions (n) and AlN content on structure and magnetic properties of various FePt/AlN multilayers was studied. The highest coercivity and squareness of FePt/AlN multilayers annealed at 550℃ were obtained for n=8. The grain size of the FePt/AlN films by post-annealing increases with increasing n. Introducing the nonmagnetic AlN not only hinders the growth of FePt particles, but also reduces the intergrain exchange interactions of the FePt/AlN films. And the interactions are decreased as AlN content is increased. Grain size (Vgrain) has almost the same size as magnetic activation volume (V*) due to the addition of AlN in films by post-annealing.
On Interference Snppression in DS-CDMA Systems (2002)

This paper presents considerations on DS-CDMA interference suppression in the presence of bursty TDMA interference. Throughout the paper we assume that the interference is bursty with power well above the DS-CDMA transmission power. The studied areas cover lnterference rejection combining, an enhanced version of Interference rejection Combining. soft weighting principle in combining and some automatic gain control considerations. These methods are shown to be good enough for practical purposes.
Enlargement of measurement range of optical-fiber Brillouin distributed strain sensor using correlation-based continuous-wave technique (2001)

Summary form only given. We have demonstrated strain distribution measurement in a longer range with high spatial resolution by connecting different kinds of fibers. In the experiment, a measurement range of 8 m with spatial resolution of 4 cm can be achieved.
Modeling-based Design of Strategic Supply Chain Networks for Aircraft Manufacturing (2013)

The aerospace supply chain network has evolved and become more complex over the years. New methods are needed to design and analyze the system, and to establish the interactions between aircraft (product) design and supply chain (process) design. This paper aims to introduce a strategic multi-product, multi-period design model for the manufacturing of an aircraft wing-box with a planning horizon of the full program duration. The supply chain systems consist of a number of external suppliers, candidate manufacturing sites, and a number of customers at fixed locations. The design model is a mixed-integer linear programming optimization routine that minimizes the total time-discounted network cost. The model generates a system configuration that specifies the location and capacity of the manufacturing sites, the material flow, and the transportation routes within the network. The model is implemented using open-source tools, and has a comprehensive and flexible data structure to support the decision-making process during the early aircraft design stages.
A 2007 Model Curriculum for a Liberal Arts Degree in Computer Science (2007)

In 1986, guidelines for a computer science major degree program offered in the context of the liberal arts were developed by the Liberal Arts Computer Science Consortium (LACS) [4]. In 1996 the same group offered a revised curriculum reflecting advances in the discipline, the accompanying technology, and teaching pedagogy [6]. In each case, the LACS models represented, at least in part, a response to the recommendations of the ACM/IEEE-CS [1][2]. Continuing change in the discipline, technology, and pedagogy coupled with the appearance of Computing Curriculum 2001 [3] have led to the 2007 Model Curriculum described here. This report begins by considering just what computer science is and what goals are appropriate for the study of computer science in the landscape of the liberal arts. A curricular model for this setting follows, updating the 1996 revision. As in previous LACS curricula, [4] and [6], the model is practical; that is, students can schedule it, it can be taught with a relatively small size faculty, and it contributes to the foundation of an excellent liberal arts education. Finally, this 2007 Model Curriculum is compared with the recommendations of CC2001 [3].
Infrared electrochromic conducting polymer devices (2017)

Metal-free, flexible infrared electrochromic devices were fabricated using PEDOT:Tos as both the electrochromic and the electrode material, enabling modulation of the devices' infrared signature and their effective temperature as seen by a thermal camera. In addition to evaluating the practical suitability of these devices, we report a detailed investigation of the thin film spectroscopic properties.
Identification of Target Genes of Oncogenic Transcription Factors (1999)

Disregulation of many transcription factors is associated with the development of human neoplasia. Transcription factors regulate cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis by binding to specific DNA sequences within the promoter regions of growth-regulatory genes and modulating expression of these genes. This simple model is complicated by the fact that mammalian transcription factors are often members of large protein families that bind to similar DNA sequences. This raises the question as to whether members of a particular family regulate expression of overlapping or unique sets of genes. This review is focused on addressing this question using the Ets, Myc, and E2F transcription factor families as examples. Deregulated activity of some, but not all, members of these families is observed in cancer. Here, we summarize the data illustrating the concept that binding of individual members of these families of factors can result in promoter-specific responses and review the studies that have provided some insight into how target gene specificity is achieved. Since, for all of these oncogenic transcription factors, it remains unclear exactly which target genes are important in neoplasia, we have also reviewed the many approaches researchers are using to identify target genes of the various Ets, Myc, and E2F family members.
Local cerebral blood flow measurements (1981)

Local cerebral blood flow measurementsD Gur and L ShabasonAudio Available | Share
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Domino C—H/N—H Functionalization: An Efficient Approach to Nitrogen‐Bridged Heteroacenes. (2015)

Abstract The Pd‐catalyzed reaction of 3‐arylamino‐substituted benzothiophenes with vicinally dibrominated arenes and hetarenes is developed to yield condensed thienoindole type heterocycles (III), (V), and (VII).
Controlled Excitation of a Cold Turbulent Swirling Free Jet (1988)

Experimental results from acoustic excitation of a cold free turbulent jet with and without swirl are presented. A flow with a swirl number of 0.35 (i.e., moderate swirl) is excited internally by plane acoustic waves at a constant sound pressure level and at various frequencies. It is observed that the cold swirling jet is excitable by plane waves, and that the instability waves grow about 50 percent less in peak r.m.s. amplitude, and saturate further upstream compared to corresponding waves in a jet without swirl having the same axial mass flux. The preferred Strouhal number based on the mass-averaged axial velocity and nozzle exit diameter for both swirling and nonswirling flows is 0.4. So far no change in the mean velocity components of the swirling jet is observed as a result of excitation.
Challenges of Giant Omphalocele (2008)

Advances in the diagnosis of congenital defects have led to the development of a multidisciplinary approach to prenatal counseling and postnatal management. New techniques in fetal imaging, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), provide clinicians with better anatomic detail of such anomalies. This added information facilitates frank prenatal discussions with families, anticipating challenges in delivery room resuscitation and planning of postnatal care. In this report, we review three cases of giant omphalocele (GO) at our institution, highlighting the changes in practice management for prenatal diagnosis and consultation. We discuss controversies regarding mode of delivery and describe the evolution toward an initial nonsurgical approach to GO.
Adaptive Building Blocks Consisting of Rigid Triangular Core and Flexible Alkoxy Chains for Self-Assembly at Liquid/Solid Interfaces (2016)

Abstract Supramolecular self-assembly in two-dimensional (2D) spaces on solid surfaces is the subject of intense current interest because of perspectives for various applications in nanoscience and nanotechnology. At the liquid/graphite interface, we found by means of scanning tunneling microscopy molecules with a rigid triangular core, a twelve-membered phenylene-ethynylene macrocycle called dehydrobenzo[12]annulene (DBA), substituted by six flexible alkoxy chains self-assembled to form hexagonal porous 2D molecular networks via van der Waals interactions between interdigitated alkyl chains as the directional intermolecular linkages. Factors that affect the formation of the porous 2D molecular networks including alkyl chain length, solvent, solute concentration, and temperature were elucidated through a systematic study. Because DBA molecules are versatile for chemical modification, they turned out to be highly adaptive for on-surface supramolecular chemistry with respect to (i) pore size control by changing the chain length, (ii) study of parity effect due to even or odd number chains, (iii) generation of supramolecular chirality on surfaces by introducing stereocenters, (iv) chemical modification of the pore interior for selective co-adsorption of guest molecules by introducing functional groups. Additionally, formation of superlattice structures on surfaces was incidentally observed by mixing DBAs of different alkoxy chain parity or by addition of guest molecules via an induced-fit mechanism. These results made significant contribution to advancement of supramolecular chemistry in 2D space.
Associations of Baseline Blood Pressure Levels and Efficacy of Benazepril Treatment with Interaction of α-Adducin and ACE Gene Polymorphisms in Hypertensives (2005)

The molecular mechanisms underlying essential hypertension are not fully elucidated. Although Benazepril is being widely used in antihypertensive medication, the agent is efficacious in only a portion of hypertensive patients. To evaluate the interaction of alpha-adducin gene Gly460Trp and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene I/D polymorphisms in regard to baseline blood pressure (BP) levels and the reductions of blood pressures after Benazepril treatment, we conducted an investigation of 954 Chinese hypertensive patients in Anhui province, China. We found that compared with the baseline systolic BP (SBP) of subjects with one ACE I allele and one alpha-adducin Trp allele, the baseline SBP of those with ACE DD and alpha-adducin Gly/Gly genotypes was significantly higher [Crude: beta(SE) = 7.83(3.09), p = .01; Adjusted: beta(SE) = 5.83(2.83), p = .04]. However, no associations were found between the interaction of ACE I/D and alpha-adducin Gly460Trp polymorphisms and the baseline diastolic BP or the BP response to Benazepril treatment. Our results suggested that the interaction effect of alpha-adducin Gly460Trp and ACE I/D polymorphisms might play a significant role in regulating baseline BP but not BP response to Benazepril.
Succinimide Derivatives. II. Synthesis and Antipsychotic Activity of N-(4-(4-(1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl)butyl)-1,2-cis-cyclohexanedicarboximide (SM-9018) and Related Compounds. (1995)

Cyclic imides bearing omega-(4-benzisothiazol-3-yl-1-piperazinyl)alkyl moieties were synthesized and tested for antipsychotic activity. The in vitro binding affinities of these compounds were examined for dopamine 2 (D2) and serotonin 2 (5-HT2) receptor sites. Structure-activity relationships within these series are discussed. One of these compounds, N-[4-[4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl]butyl]-1,2-cis- cyclohexamedicarboximide (SM-9018), was found to be more potent and more selective in vivo than tiospirone in its antipsychotic activity. SM-9018 (17) is currently undergoing clinical evaluation as a selective antipsychotic agent.
Design and tensile properties of a bcc Ti-rich high-entropy alloy with transformation-induced plasticity (2016)

A new bcc Ti-rich high-entropy alloy (HEA) of composition Ti35Zr27.5Hf27.5Nb5Ta5 was designed using the ‘d-electron alloy design’ approach. The tensile behavior displays a marked transformation-induced plasticity effect resulting in a high normalized work-hardening rate of 0.103 without loss of ductility when compared to the reference composition Ti20Zr20Hf20Nb20Ta20. In this paper, a detailed microstructural analysis was performed to understand the deformation process, revealing architectural-type microstructures and a high volume fraction (65%) of internally twinned stress-induced martensite α″ after mechanical testing. This study opens the way to mechanical properties optimization and enhancement of titanium-based HEAs by combining multiple alloying designs.IMPACT STATEMENTFor the first time, proof is given that transformation-induced plasticity was triggered in a bcc refractory high-entropy alloy, leading to a twofold increase in the normalized work-hardening rate.
No association between the protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor‐type, Z Polypeptide 1 (PTPRZ1) gene and schizophrenia in the Japanese population (2008)

NRG1-ERBB signaling influences the risk for schizophrenia pathology. A recent study has reported that MAGI1, MAGI2, and protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor-type, Z polypeptide 1 (PTPRZ1; located on 7q31.3) gene products regulate the NRG1-ERBB4 signaling pathway, and PTPRZ1 is associated with schizophrenia in a Caucasian population. By applying a gene-based association concept, we analyzed any association between PTPRZ1 tagging SNPs and schizophrenia in the Japanese population (576 schizophrenics and 768 controls). After linkage disequilibrium analysis, 29 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using a 5'-exonuclease allelic discrimination assay. We found a significant association of one tagging SNP in a genotype-wise analysis (P = 0.007); however, this might be resulted from type I error due to multiple testing (P = 0.17 after SNPSpD correction). No association was observed between schizophrenic patients and controls in either allelic, genotypic, or haplotypic analyses. Our results therefore suggest that PTPRZ1 is unlikely to be related to the development of schizophrenia in the Japanese population.
Modelling the Breakthrough Curves Obtained from the Adsorption of Propene onto Microporous Inorganic Solids (2010)

The modelling of breakthrough curves obtained in the adsorption of propene as a model compound onto different inorganic solids is described. All the runs were performed in a fixed bed at atmospheric pressure, employing a process temperature of 30 °C and propene concentrations in the range 0.0022–0.0222 mol/Nm 3 . The experimental conditions were therefore similar to those observed in the initial flue gases of cold start engines. The work described was mainly focused on the study of the influence of the adsorbent characteristics (composition, porous structure and surface area) on the kinetics of the adsorption process. The equilibrium adsorption values were initially determined from the breakthrough curves and satisfactorily fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model. These values were then used together with experimental breakthrough curves to analyse the kinetic expressions obtained applying the Linear Driving Force (LDF) model to the dynamic adsorption process. Values of the mass-transfer coefficient, surface and effective diffusion coefficients of propene have been calculated and are reported.
Long Term Follow-Up on Pediatric Cases With Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes—A Retrospective Single Centre Cohort Study (2020)

<b>Introduction</b>: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) refer to a heterogenic group of neuromuscular transmission disorders. CMS-subtypes are diverse regarding exercise intolerance and muscular weakness, varying from mild symptoms to life-limiting forms with neonatal onset. Long-term follow-up studies on disease progression and treatment-response in pediatric patients are rare. <b>Patients and Methods</b>: We analyzed retrospective clinical and medication data in a cohort of 32 CMS-patients including the application of a standardized, not yet validated test (CMS-ST) to examine muscular strength and endurance in 21 patients at the last follow-up. Findings obtained in our cohort were compared with long-term follow-up studies of (adult) CMS-cohorts from the literature by considering the underlying molecular mechanisms. Outcomes of CMS-ST were compared to results of normal clinical assessment. <b>Results</b>: Thirty-two pediatric patients with defects in eight different CMS-genes were followed by a median time of 12.8 years. Fifty-nine percentage of patients manifested with first symptoms as neonates, 35% as infants. While 53% of patients presented a reduced walking distance, 34% were wheelchair-bound. Even under adequate therapy with pyridostigmine (PS) and 3,4-diaminopyridine, <i>CHAT</i>-mutations led to the progression of muscular weakness partly in combination with persistent respiratory and bulbar symptoms. <i>RAPSN, CHRND</i>, and <i>CHRNB1</i> patients with neonatal manifestation, early respiratory problems, and bulbar symptoms showed a good and maintained treatment response. <i>CHAT</i> and <i>CHRNE</i> patients required higher PS dosages, whereas <i>RAPSN</i> patients needed a lower mean dosage at the last follow-up. The benefits of short-term medication and long-term progression of symptoms were highly dependent on the specific genetic defect. CMS-ST was carried out in 17/21 patients, determined affected muscle groups including bulbar and ocular symptoms, some of which were not reported by the patients. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings and comparison with the literature- suggest a better treatment-response and less severe progression of symptoms present in patients suffering from mutations in CMS-genes directly associated with receptor deficiency, while patients with defects leading to synaptopathy and presynaptic defects tend to have worse outcomes. Assessment of affected muscular groups and clinical symptoms by CMS-ST may be a useful tool for optimal therapeutic management of the patients, especially for future clinical studies.