gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic properties and radiation damage investigation of a diamond based Schottky diode for ion-beam therapy microdosimetry (2015)

In this work, a detailed analysis of the properties of a novel microdosimeter based on a synthetic single crystal diamond is reported. Focused ion microbeams were used to investigate the device spectropscopic properties as well as the induced radiation damage effects. A diamond based Schottky diode was fabricated by chemical vapor deposition with a very thin detecting region, about 400 nm thick (approximately 1.4 μm water equivalent thickness), corresponding to the typical size in microdosimetric measurements. A 200 × 200 μm2 square metallic contact was patterned on the diamond surface by standard photolithography to define the sensitive area. Experimental measurements were carried out at the Ruder Boškovic′ Institute microbeam facility using 4 MeV carbon and 5 MeV silicon ions. Ion beam induced charge maps were employed to characterize the microdosimeter response in terms of its charge collection properties. A stable response with no evidence of polarization or memory effects was observed up to the maximum investigated ion beam flux of about 1.7 × 109 ions·cm−2·s−1. A homogeneity of the response about 6% was found over the sensitive region with a well-defined confinement of the response within the active area. Tests of the radiation damage effect were performed by selectively irradiating small areas of the device with different ion fluences, up to about 1012 ions/cm2. An exponential decrease of the charge collection efficiency was observed with a characteristic decay constant of about 4.8 MGy and 1 MGy for C and Si ions, respectively. The experimental data were analyzed by means of GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulations. A direct correlation between the diamond damaging effect and the Non Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL) fraction was found. In particular, an exponential decay of the charge collection efficiency with an exponential decay as a function of NIEL is observed, with a characteristic constant of about 9.3 kGy-NIEL for both carbon and silicon ions.
PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND GASTROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF EUGENIA MATTOSII FRUITS (2018)

The results demonstrate that the specie E. mattosii has bioactive compounds that provide gastroprotective activity, presenting possible therapeutic potential.
Frequency graded 1D metamaterials: A study on the attenuation bands (2017)

Depending on the frequency, waves can either propagate (transmission band) or be attenuated (attenuation band) while travelling through a one-dimensional spring-mass chain with internal resonators. The literature on wave propagation through a 1D mass-in-mass chain is vast and continues to proliferate because of its versatile applicability in condensed matter physics, optics, chemistry, acoustics, and mechanics. However, in all these areas, a uniformly periodic arrangement of identical linear resonating units is normally used which limits the attenuation band to a narrow frequency range. To counter this limitation of linear uniformly periodic metamaterials, the attenuation bandwidth in a one-dimensional finite chain with frequency graded linear internal resonators are investigated in this paper. The result shows that a properly tuned frequency graded arrangement of resonating units can extend the upper part of the attenuation band of 1D metamaterial theoretically up to infinity and also increases the lower part of the attenuation bandwidth by around 40% of an equivalent uniformly periodic metamaterial without increasing the mass. Therefore, the frequency graded metamaterials can be a potential solution towards low frequency and wideband acoustic or vibration insulation. In addition, this paper provides analytical expressions for the attenuation and transmission frequency limits for a periodic mass-in-mass metamaterial and demonstrates the attenuation band is generated by the high absolute value of the effective mass not only due to the negative effective mass.
Architecture of a message-driven processor (1998)

We propole a machine architecture for a high-performaxe proceuieg node for a mueage-pas&g, MIMD concurrent computer. The principal mee,haaismn for attaining this goal are the direct execution and bufferius of meesylee and a memory-based architecture that permit@ very fast contut witches. Our architecture &o ineluder a aevel msmory orga-nis&x~ that permita both indexed and aeeecikve acceuu and that incorporates sa itwtruction buffer and me-age queer. Simulation re mite suggest that thL architecture reduccl mauge reception overheed by more thau an order of magnitude.
Assay for detection of Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in human sera based on reaction with synthetic peptides (1991)

Synthetic peptides modelled according to the amino acid sequences derived from the repeated domains of five Trypanosoma cruzi antigens were used in an immunoradiometric assay to detect antibodies appearing after natural human infections. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and an indirect immunofluorescence assay performed with a complex antigenic mixture from parasites were used as controls. The results indicate that the synthetic peptides were recognized by a large proportion of serum samples collected from 34 patients with Chagas' disease in Chile and point to their possible use in diagnosis.
Methyl β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-allopyranoside tetrahydrate (2010)

The title compound, C(13)H(24)O(11).4H(2)O, (I), crystallized from water, has an internal glycosidic linkage conformation having phi' (O5(Gal)-C1(Gal)-O1(Gal)-C4(All)) = -96.40 (12) degrees and psi' (C1(Gal)-O1(Gal)-C4(All)-C5(All)) = -160.93 (10) degrees , where ring-atom numbering conforms to the convention in which C1 denotes the anomeric C atom, C5 the ring atom bearing the exocyclic hydroxymethyl group, and C6 the exocyclic hydroxymethyl (CH(2)OH) C atom in the betaGalp and betaAllp residues. Internal linkage conformations in the crystal structures of the structurally related disaccharides methyl beta-lactoside [methyl beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside] methanol solvate [Stenutz, Shang & Serianni (1999). Acta Cryst. C55, 1719-1721], (II), and methyl beta-cellobioside [methyl beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside] methanol solvate [Ham & Williams (1970). Acta Cryst. B26, 1373-1383], (III), are characterized by phi' = -88.4 (2) degrees and psi' = -161.3 (2) degrees , and phi' = -91.1 degrees and psi' = -160.7 degrees , respectively. Inter-residue hydrogen bonding is observed between O3(Glc) and O5(Gal/Glc) in the crystal structures of (II) and (III), suggesting a role in determining their preferred linkage conformations. An analogous inter-residue hydrogen bond does not exist in (I) due to the axial orientation of O3(All), yet its internal linkage conformation is very similar to those of (II) and (III).
La percepción de las personas no videntes sobre la disciplina laboral en edades de 20-60 años participantes del proyecto AGORA (ASCATED). (2010)

Determina la percepcion de las personas no videntes sobre la disciplina laboral.
La investigacion se realizo en el proyecto AGORA (ASCATED). La muestra estuvo conformada por 17 personas comprendidas entre 20 a 60 anos de edad, hombres y mujeres. Para recopilar datos se utilizo la tecnica de entrevista profunda, que permitio a los entrevistados expresarse libremente y expusieron sus puntos de vista. Analiza e interpreta los resultados y concluye que, existe discriminacion laboral segun la percepcion de las personas no videntes que participaron en el estudio. La discriminacion laboral se manifiesta a traves de actitudes como racismo, aislamiento, rechazo, marginacion, incomprension, falta de creencia en sus capacidades, falta de informacion sobre el tema de la discapacidad y la negacion de oportunidades laborales.
Intra block prediction using first-second row non-directional samples in HEVC video coding (2017)

This paper presents two intra prediction algorithms in High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) encoder for reducing the computational complexity and increase the encoding speed. The first algorithm takes advantage of the high spatial correlation among neighboring pixels to substitute the reference samples as the first row or first and second rows of the current block to be predicted, while the pixels intensities in the remaining rows or columns as in the case of horizontal predictions, are extrapolated as usual. Secondly, due to spatial correlations in video block data among adjacent blocks, it has been established that the intra prediction mode of the current block has a high probability of being a member of the most probable mode set or a slight variation of one of the most probable modes. These algorithms are combined and implemented on the HM16 reference software, and show speedup of 23.4% and 22.7% in encoding time using the all-intra-main configuration, with minimal reduction in bitrate of 0.21% and 0.22% respectively.
Quasi-2-Day Wave in Low-Latitude Atmospheric Winds as Viewed From the Ground and Space During January&#8211;March, 2020 (2022)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In the mesosphere and lower-thermosphere, quasi-2-day waves are spectacular planetary-scale oscillations. Almost all relevant observational studies are based on ground-based single-station or single-satellite methods and, therefore, cannot determine the zonal wavenumber unambiguously. We employ a series of multi-station methods on winds measured by four longitudinally separated low-latitude ground-based radars in the current work. These methods help us to determine two dominant zonal wavenumbers at 80&amp;amp;#8211;100 km altitude. These results are used to complement satellite measurements. The agreement between datasets is extraordinary, allowing us to extend the characteristics of the waves to higher altitudes using satellite measurements.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The current work was published in He et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/93jd00380), which was extended into a broad altitude range up to the topside F-region in Forbes et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029961).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Seventeen-Armed Star Polystyrenes in Various Molecular Weights: Structural Details and Chain Characteristics (2020)

Star-shaped polymers are very attractive because of their potential application ability in various technological areas due to their unique molecular topology. Thus, information on the molecular structure and chain characteristics of star polymers is essential for gaining insights into their properties and finding better applications. In this study, we report molecular structure details and chain characteristics of 17-armed polystyrenes in various molecular weights: 17-Arm(2k)-PS, 17-Arm(6k)-PS, 17-Arm(10k)-PS, and 17-Arm(20k)-PS. Quantitative X-ray scattering analysis using synchrotron radiation sources was conducted for this series of star polymers in two different solvents (cyclohexane and tetrahydrofuran), providing a comprehensive set of three-dimensional structure parameters, including radial density profiles and chain characteristics. Some of the structural parameters were crosschecked by qualitative scattering analysis and dynamic light scattering. They all were found to have ellipsoidal shapes consisting of a core and a fuzzy shell; such ellipse nature is originated from the dendritic core. In particular, the fraction of the fuzzy shell part enabling to store desired chemicals or agents was confirmed to be exceptionally high in cyclohexane, ranging from 74 to 81%; higher-molecular-weight star polymer gives a larger fraction of the fuzzy shell. The largest fraction (81%) of the fuzzy shell was significantly reduced to 52% in tetrahydrofuran; in contrast, the lowest fraction (19%) of core was increased to 48%. These selective shell contraction and core expansion can be useful as a key mechanism in various applications. Overall, the 17-armed polystyrenes of this study are suitable for applications in various technological fields including smart deliveries of drugs, genes, biomedical imaging agents, and other desired chemicals.
Computing H/D-exchange speeds of single residues from data of peptic fragments (2008)

Determining the hydrogen-deuterium exchange speeds of single residues from data for peptic fragments obtained by FT-ICS MS is currently mainly done by manual interpretation. We provide an automated method based on combinatorial optimization. More precisely, we present an algorithm that enumerates all possible exchange speeds for single residues that explain the observed data of the peptic fragments.
Periprocedural Stroke and Bleeding Complications in Patients Undergoing Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation With Different Anticoagulation Management (2014)

http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01006876.
Novel single stage power factor corrected LED driver topology for space constrained applications of aircraft exterior lighting system (2018)

This paper proposes a novel converter topology based on a single stage LED driver with Power Factor Correction (PFC) which is optimized for weight, volume and cost, for space constrained environments such as Aerospace exterior lighting product. The proposed topology utilizes a single switch to harmonize the input current as well as control the intensity of lighting system. A typical Power Factor Pre-regulator (PFP) uses a bulk energy storage capacitor, which is subjected to wear out at higher altitudes due to low pressure conditions and freezes at negative temperatures, resulting in poor reliability converter for Aerospace applications. Unlike a regular Power Factor Pre-regulator (PFP), the proposed topology avoids the use of bulk energy storage capacitor which results in a fast transient response with enhanced reliability, reduced board real estate and weight. The proposed LED driver topology can control the LED current with both Buck and Boost mode of control, making it a good choice for applications with wide input voltage variation. A 110 W prototype based on proposed converter was built to verify the operation of proposed topology. The experimental results are in line with the predicted performance. The proposed converter is able to achieve a power factor of 0.988 with an input current THD of <; 10%.
3D Interlock Composite Preforming Simulation (2012)

In order to simulate 3D interlock composite reinforcement behavior in forming processes like Resin Transfer Molding (RTM), it is necessary to predict yarns positions in the fabric during the preforming stage of the process. The present paper deals about thick 3D interlock fabric forming simulation using a specific hexahedral semi-discrete finite elements simulation tool : Plast4. Using the virtual work principle, we distinguish the virtual internal work due to tensions in yarns from other internal virtual works. The part of material stiffness relative to yarns tension is described as "first order stiffness" by a 3D discrete beam model. The rest of the rigidities - like transverse compression, shear strains or friction between yarns - are depicted by a continuous quad-based discretization designated in our work as "second order stiffness". A combination of this "first order" discrete model and a continuous orthotropic hyperelastic "second order" material formulation will enables us to simulate interlock preforming process. Jointly to the simulation work, we also had to specify and perform experimental testing identification of material's parameters. Thoses parameters concern both parts of the model. A bilinear tension approach for the yarns discrete modelization and an orthotropic continuous material for the "second order" part.
Quantification of NV-Centres in Diamond for Room-Temperature Maser (2019)

Here we report the room-temperature and low-temperature absorption spectroscopy (UV-VIS-NIR), and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) conducted over a range of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) grown diamond samples. Room temperature absorption and fluorescence studies are shown. We also compared the room-temperature spectra with the experimental results conducted at 80 K. Finally, we used these data to calculate the density of NV in these samples that is responsible for the maser action. The number of NV defect centres is crucial since the total available number of NVs that are useful for maser are limited by the hyperfme coupling with nitrogen. From our previous studies, an NV concentration that lies between 0.2 to 2 ppm will offer the best solution in terms of pumping efficiency and uniform pumping rate for maser.
TRLFS Evidence for Precipitation of Uranyl Phosphate on the Surface of Alumina: Environmental Implications (2011)

We studied the ligand-enhanced sorption of uranyl ions (1-12 μM) on α-alumina colloids suspended in (and pre-equilibrated with) solutions at various concentrations of phosphate ions (P(T) = 0-900 μM). A highly sensitive technique, time resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS), was used to examine the chemical speciation of uranyl sorbed at trace concentrations (0.4-4 μmol U·g⁻¹). The suspensions with P(T) ≥ 100 μM exhibited high uranyl adsorption, and a very high intensity of fluorescence that increased with the sorbed amounts of phosphate and uranyl. These samples exhibited similar spectral and temporal characteristics of fluorescence emission, evidencing a uniform speciation pattern and a single coordination environment for sorbed U, despite large variation in parameters such as aqueous uranyl speciation, U loading, and extent of coverage of alumina by secondary Al phosphates precipitating on the surface. The results pointed formation of surface precipitates of uranyl phosphates, which are characterized by high quantum yield, peak maxima at positions similar to those of U(VI) phosphate minerals and four lifetimes indicating distortions, in-homogeneities or varying number of water molecules in the lattice. The findings have major implications for our understanding of the mechanisms of immobilization of U at trace levels on surfaces of oxides submitted to phosphated solutions in soils with low pH.
Synthesis of Tetraarylmethanes by the Triflic Acid-Promoted Formal Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Triarylmethanes with Arenes (2017)

The formal cross-dehydrogenative coupling of triarylmethanes with arenes promoted by triflic acid and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone is described. This method provides a variety of tetraarylmethane derivatives in good to excellent yields from triarylmethanes that can be readily prepared by our previous methods. Control experiments suggest a possible catalytic cycle involving the generation of a trityl cation intermediate followed by nucleophilic addition of the arene.
Reaktionen aktiver Methylenverbindungen mit Aziden, VI: Eine neue Synthese für α‐Diazo‐carbonylverbindungen (1965)

Abstract α‐Diazo‐ketone wie III, VIIIa und b sowie XIV entstehen, wenn die Reaktionsgemische aus den entsprechenden Methylenverbindungen, Tosylazid und einem Mol. Kaliumäthylat mit einem weiteren Mol. der Base zersetzt werden. Im Falle von XX genügt es bereits, das Primärprodukt in Äthanol zu erwärmen. Hydrolysiert man die Reaktionsgemische mit Wasser oder verd. wäßr. Salzsäure, so erhält man unter N 2 ‐Abspaltung Carbonsäure‐tosylamide (II, Xa und b, XV), formal die Endprodukte einer W OLFF ‐Umlagerung der Diazoketone mit Tosylamid. Nitro‐substituierte Phenylessigsäureester werden bereits in Pyridin/Piperidin mit Tosylazid in die α‐Diazo‐phenylessigsäureester (XXV, XXVII) umgewandelt. Mit Kaliumäthylat als Base werden, wie im Falle von XXIV gezeigt wird, α‐Diazo‐carbonsäure‐sulfonylamide (XXVIa und b) erhalten, da das bei der Reaktion gebildete Sulfonylamid die Äthoxygruppe nucleophil verdrängt. Der Reaktionsablauf der Diazogruppenübertragung wird diskutiert.
Resurfacing elbow prosthesis: Shape and sizing of the humeral component (1985)

The sizing and dimensioning of a new unconstrained elbow prosthesis makes use of a geometric axis for humeral articulating surface definition, an axis which is precisely positioned with respect to extra-articular anatomical landmarks. The geometry of the joint was determined by a slicing and digitization technique. It was found that for the humerus an axisymmetric surface is evident and that there exists a centroidal axis which is mostly linear except for a portion at the posterior lateral flange of the trochlea. Sizing studies were carried out on dry bone anatomical specimens and, using a standardized X-ray technique, on the elbows of volunteer subjects. Seven dimensions were chosen for statistical analysis of the joint. A multi-variate normal distribution model, using only the first principal component was found to account for 70% of the variance; components 2 and 3 explained a further 19%. From this analysis, one series of three and five sizes of prosthetic dimensions were established for 95% overall coverage of population.
Cholera toxin, LT-I, LT-IIa and LT-IIb: the critical role of ganglioside binding in immunomodulation by Type I and Type II heat-labile enterotoxins (2007)

The heat-labile enterotoxins expressed by Vibrio cholerae (cholera toxin) and Escherichia coli (LT-I, LT-IIa and LT-IIb) are potent systemic and mucosal adjuvants. Coadministration of the enterotoxins with a foreign antigen produces an augmented immune response to that antigen. Although each enterotoxin has potent adjuvant properties, the means by which the enterotoxins induce various immune responses are distinctive for each adjuvant. Various mutants have been engineered to dissect the functions of the enterotoxins required for their adjuvanticity. The capacity to strongly bind to one or more specific ganglioside receptors appears to drive the distinctive immunomodulatory properties associated with each enterotoxin. Mutant enterotoxins with ablated or altered ganglioside-binding affinities have been employed to investigate the role of gangliosides in enterotoxin-dependent immunomodulation.
Model-based optical coherence elastography using acoustic radiation force (2014)

Acoustic Radiation Force (ARF) stimulation is actively used in ultrasound elastography to estimate mechanical properties of tissue. Compared with ultrasound imaging, OCT provides advantage in both spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, a combination of ARF and OCT technologies can provide a unique opportunity to measure viscoelastic properties of tissue, especially when the use of high intensity radiation pressure is limited for safety reasons. In this presentation we discuss a newly developed theoretical model of the deformation of a layered viscoelastic medium in response to an acoustic radiation force of short duration. An acoustic impulse was considered as an axisymmetric force generated on the upper surface of the medium. An analytical solution of this problem was obtained using the Hankel transform in frequency domain. It was demonstrated that layers at different depths introduce different frequency responses. To verify the developed model, experiments were performed using tissue-simulating, inhomogeneous phantoms of varying mechanical properties. The Young’s modulus of the phantoms was varied from 5 to 50 kPa. A single-element focused ultrasound transducer (3.5 MHz) was used to apply the radiation force with various durations on the surface of phantoms. Displacements on the phantom surface were measured using a phase-sensitive OCT at 25 kHz repetition frequency. The experimental results were in good agreement with the modeling results. Therefore, the proposed theoretical model can be used to reconstruct the mechanical properties of tissue based on ARF/OCT measurements.