gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
POLARIZATION EFFECTS IN MOLECULAR X-RAY FLUORESCENCE (1987)

Highly polarized x-ray fluorescence has been observed following K-shell excitation of several Cl-containing molecules. Monochromatic synchrotron radiation (SR) with a high degree of linear polarization was used to resonantly excite Cl 1s electrons in CH3Cl, and the three Freons, CF3Cl, CF,Cl2, and CF3Cl. The subsequent Cl Kβ fluorescence was found to be strongly linearly polarized. The direction of polarization of the Kβ fluorescence is determined in part by the symmetry of the valence-orbital electron involved in the fluorescence decay which fills the Cl 1s hole. Our results illustrate that the core-level resonance lifetimes are short enough to preclude substantial disorientation of the molecule prior to fluorescence decay. Measurements of this type may prove to be a sensitive probe of orbital symmetry in more complicated molecular systems, condensed matter, and adsorbates.
Compensation of harmonics and negative sequence components in line current and voltage by a SuperSMES (1999)

A SuperSMES is composed of inverters connected in series to a power system and another inverter in parallel, and a superconducting magnet for energy storage. It is a universal power quality controller because of its multi-purpose ability. The application presented here aims at a general filtering system in large industrial power consumers. The SuperSMES can provide sinusoidal and balanced voltage to loads which are sensitive for voltage distortion and unbalancing. It also eliminates current harmonics and unbalance in three phase lines of the distribution system, which flow upstream of the connecting point. The ability was demonstrated by simulation results.
Towards a Trust and Contract Management Framework for Dynamic Virtual Organisations (2004)

Abstract: TrustCom is a new European integrated project that aims to develop a framework for trust, security and contract management in dynamic Virtual Organisations. The framework will enable the secure enactment of collaborative business processes in self-managed, and dynamic value-chains of businesses and governments. The framework will leverage and extend the emerging convergence of open-standards, and in particular Web Services, and open Grid Services architectures. Validation will take place within industrial strength test-beds in the areas of collaborative design engineering (CE) and provision of adhoc, dynamic processes (ADP) for the on-demand provision of aggregate electronic services. This paper provides an overview of the TrustCom project vision, objectives and anticipated results. 1.
Theoretically optimal and empirically efficient r-trees with strong parallelizability (2018)

The massive amount of data and large variety of data distributions in the big data era call for access methods that are efficient in both query processing and index bulk-loading, and over both practical and worst-case workloads. To address this need, we revisit a classic multidimensional access method - the R-tree. We propose a novel R-tree packing strategy that produces R-trees with an asymptotically optimal I/O complexity for window queries in the worst case. Our experiments show that the R-trees produced by the proposed strategy are highly efficient on real and synthetic data of different distributions. The proposed strategy is also simple to parallelize, since it relies only on sorting. We propose a parallel algorithm for R-tree bulk-loading based on the proposed packing strategy, and analyze its performance under the massively parallel communication model. Experimental results confirm the efficiency and scalability of the parallel algorithm over large data sets.
A novel TGS/70:30 VDF:TrFE copolymer composite material for pyroelectric sensors (1993)

Abstract A novel thin composite film has been fabricated in which both phases are electroactive. Triglycine sulphate crystals (5μm in size), grown by rapid quenching and freeze drying of an aqueous solution, were mixed (10% w/w) with 70:30 vinylidene fluoride:trifluoroethylene copolymer in butanone. When spin cast, the material possessed a pyroelectric coefficient of (60±2)μCm−2K−1 and a figure of merit (pyroelectnc coefficient/√(relative permittivity x dielectric loss)) of 150μCm−2K−1, some 18% and 35% larger, respectively, than that of the pure copolymer.
Traffic management in a multicode CDMA system supporting soft handoffs (2002)

A traffic management scheme is proposed in a multicode code-division multiple-access system supporting soft handoff that uses guard channels and a queue for real-time traffic. Preemptive queue control gives priority to queued handoff calls. Handoff traffic is derived as a function of the new call arrival rate, the size of the soft handoff region, mobile speed, the new call blocking probability, and the handoff failure probability. System performance with K types of calls is analyzed by introducing a concept of effective channel. The effects of the number of guard channels, the number of effective channels, system capacity, and other factors are numerically investigated. The effectiveness of the proposed queue control scheme is also observed in terms of handoff processing delay.
Micromechanical modeling of devulcanized ground tyre rubber, graphene platelets, and carbon black in recycled natural rubber blends (2023)

Abstract Waste tyres are a global problem, with 1.5 billion being generated annually. To reduce this problem, a circular economy for tyres should be developed. This requires the incorporation of recycled tyre rubber in tyre products. Yet, most recycled rubber is of insufficient quality. Recycled rubber must react sufficiently well with virgin rubber to be elastically effective in the 3D crosslinked network. Although a broad range of devulcanization techniques have been developed, many recycled‐virgin rubber blends show significant reductions in stiffness compared with their virgin counterparts. This paper demonstrates that micromechanical models for filler reinforcement can be used to evaluate whether recycled rubber behaves in an elastically effective manner. Furthermore, mechanical devulcanization of ground tyre rubber (GTR) by solid‐state shear milling was shown to produce a recycled rubber powder that is elastically effective when blended with virgin natural rubber (vNR). These blends match the equivalent virgin rubber stiffness, despite high‐recyclate content (30/70 vNR/GTR). The addition of nanofillers (carbon black and graphene nanoplatelets) to these blends was evaluated to see how they compared with virgin compounds and filler reinforcement theories. This process may allow for incorporation of devulcanized rubber into existing products, promoting a circular economy for high‐value rubber recycling.
Nonlinear dichroism of intersubband absorption and its effect on polarisation properties of vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (2003)

A mechanism of nonlinear dichroism of net gain in VCSELs, based on polarisation-dependent saturation of intersubband absorption in p-contact layers, is proposed and analysed. The mechanism is due to the dependence of the intersubband absorption coefficient on the mutual orientation of the light polarisation and the momentum of the holes involved in optical transition. Microscopic calculations are used to obtain an approximate analytical expression for the magnitude of the effect. Calculations (performed for typical VCSEL parameters) imply that the proposed mechanism can play a significant part in polarisation switching and bistability in VCSELs.
Methylene reductase: responsible for the in vitro formation of formaldehyde from 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. (1975)

Formaldehyde formation from 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid, as well as its further reaction with beta -phenylthanolamine to form a tetrahidroisoquinoline derivative, is activated in rat crude tissue extracts by the addition of menadione to the incubation mixtures. FAD also stimulates the process in the presence of oxygen, but fails to do so in the absence of the latter compound. Together, FAD and menadione maximally stimulate the formation of formaldehyde, or of the amine derivative, under anaerobic conditions. These properties of the "formaldehyde-forming enzyme" correlate to those previously reported for methylene reductase and strongly suggest that both enzyme activities are identical.
Design of potent, orally effective, nonpeptidal antagonists of the peptide hormone cholecystokinin. (1986)

We describe the design and synthesis of nonpeptidal antagonists of the peptide hormone cholecystokinin. Several of these compounds have high specificity and nanomolar binding affinity and are active after oral administration. To our knowledge, the design of such agents has not previously been accomplished for any peptide hormone. The structural similarities between these synthetic compounds and the anxiolytic 1,4-benzodiazepines are noted, and the potential of this structural feature for future design of ligands for other peptide hormone receptors is discussed.
Teach Yourself VISUALLY Office 2013 (2013)

Learn the new Microsoft Office suite the easy, visual way Microsoft Office 2013 is a power-packed suite of office productivity tools including Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, Access, and Publisher. This easy-to-use visual guide covers the basics of all six programs, with step-by-step instructions and full-color screen shots showing what you should see at each step. You'll also learn about using Office Internet and graphics tools, while the additional examples and advice scattered through the book give you tips on maximizing the Office suite. If you learn best when you can see how
Feasibility of prenatal diagnosis of β thalassaemia by DNA polymorphisms in an Italian population (1986)

A feasibility study of prenatal diagnosis of beta thalassaemia in a northern Italian population has been carried out. Twenty-five families have been studied, each consisting of two parents and a homozygous beta thalassaemia child, thus enabling linkage analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) to the normal and the thalassaemic chromosomes. Using seven standard RFLPs, 19/25 families could be offered prenatal diagnosis; inclusion of the recently described Ava II psi beta polymorphism increased this figure to 23/25 (92%) of the families.
Correlation and path analysis for seed yield and its components in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) (2018)

Sesame is one of the oldest cultivated crops, “known as queen of oilseed crops”. The field experiment was carried out to know the character association and also for determining the cause and effect situation through the assessment of direct and indirect effects of various yield contributing traits by using 45 sesame genotypes. Analysis of variance indicated the presence of good amount of genetic variability among the genotypes under study. Seed yield showed positive significantcorrelation with number of branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, capsule length, number of seeds per capsule and 1000-seed weight both at genotypic as well as phenotypic levels revealing that selection made on the basis of these characters will assist in enhancing the seed yield. The trait number of capsules per plant showed the highest phenotypic and genotypic correlation with seed yield followed by 1000-seed weight. Path coefficient analysis revealed that 1000-seed weight recorded the highest positive direct effect on seed yield followed by number of capsules per plant and number of seeds per capsules both at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Number of seeds per capsules, capsule length and plant height are the other traits which showed positive direct effect on seed yield. From the study it was concluded that, 1000-seed weight, number of capsules per plant and number of seeds per capsule were determined as most critical ones as both the correlation coefficients and the direct effects were high with seed yield per plant.
A low-power fully integrated Gaussian-MSK modulator based on the sigma-delta fractional-N frequency synthesis (2002)

A fully integrated GMSK modulator in DRRS band is presented All components of the transmitter except the power amplifier, including the loop filter and the oscillator are on-chip. Transistor and system level simulations demonstrate that the modulator meets the performance requirements of the DRRS standard. The circuit power consumption of the modulator at 1.4 GHz is 37 mW with a single 3 V power supply, in a 0.6 /spl mu/m digital CMOS technology. Low power consumption of the modulator is due to the low-power frequency divider and low-power low-phase noise ring oscillator.
Multiple Emulsions Controlled by Stimuli‐Responsive Polymers (2013)

The phase inversion of water-toluene emulsions stabilized with a single thermo- and pH-sensitive copolymer occurs through the formation of multiple emulsions. At low pH and ambient temperature, oil in water emulsions are formed which transform into highly stable multiple emulsions at pHs immediately lower than the inversion border. At higher pHs, the emulsion turns into a water in oil one.
COMPOSITION DEPENDENCE OF MAGNETIC AND ANISOTROPY PROPERTIES OF YCo4B (1993)

It turns out from our investigations on YCo 4+δ B 1−δ (δ=0, ±0.1, ±0.2) that the CeCo 4 B structure is stable for a considerable range of δ. Upon increasing the B content, the saturation magnetisation decreases, the spin reorientation temperature is nearly unchanged but the character of the spin reorientation process is strongly affected.
Desarrollo de un proceso de manufactura rápida de piezas quirúrgicas (2014)

Actualmente, la mayor parte el equipo quirurgico en Mexico es importado por empresas privadas que estan enfocadas mas al comercio que a la fabricacion de las mismas, esto provoca que su costo aumente para los
consumidores finales. Este metodo de importacion y venta, hace que el catalogo de productos disponibles sea centrado a la demanda de la mayoria de los consumidores, provocando una problematica que es principalmente
de disponibilidad, a las que se enfrentan tanto los hospitales como los pacientes, haciendo que el sistema sea inflexible a cambios y peculiaridades que en caso de atenderse serian altamente costosas.
La motivacion de este trabajo se centra en el hecho de producir instrumental quirurgico en nuestro pais, cumpliendo con los estandares de calidad requeridos para este tipo de productos, logrando disminuir los
precios a los consumidores finales, generando fuentes de empleo y brindando servicios de salud mas economicos en tiempos mas cortos. Este trabajo trata del desarrollo de un proceso de manufactura rapida para la produccion de material quirurgico de alta calidad, mediante una
variante en el metodo de “Investment Casting” (cera perdida). Para esto se realizo una investigacion sobre el metodo de impresion de Acrilonitrilo butadieno estireno (ABS), sus ventajas y procesos necesarios para integrarlo
al metodo de cera perdida. Para lograrlo se desarrollo y se modifico el proceso de “Investment Casting”, usando una maquina de prototipos rapidos de (ABS), con el cual se imprimio un modelo de un implante quirurgico de cadera, se diseno el arbol de colada y se analizaron los posibles defectos de fundicion. Con este proceso se logro dar flexibilidad al proceso de manufactura, reduciendo el
costo y tiempo de manufactura.
Nearly Optimal Control for Mixed Zero-Sum Game Based on Off-Policy Integral Reinforcement Learning (2022)

In this article, we solve a class of mixed zero-sum game with unknown dynamic information of nonlinear system. A policy iterative algorithm that adopts integral reinforcement learning (IRL), which does not depend on system information, is proposed to obtain the optimal control of competitor and collaborators. An adaptive update law that combines critic-actor structure with experience replay is proposed. The actor function not only approximates optimal control of every player but also estimates auxiliary control, which does not participate in the actual control process and only exists in theory. The parameters of the actor-critic structure are simultaneously updated. Then, it is proven that the parameter errors of the polynomial approximation are uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by two given simulations.
Analysis of CPTU data for the geotechnical characterization of intermediate sediments (2018)

The intermediate soil (e.g.silt, sandy silt, clayey silt) response at the standard cone penetration (CPT) velocity of 20 mm/s is generally partially drained, falling between that of sand and clay.As a result, a proper interpretation of CPT (or CPTU) in such mixed soils is not always straightforward.In order to properly analyse the in situ soil response and avoid incorrect estimates of soil parameters, the preliminary assessment of drainage conditions is essential.In this paper, changes in normalized CPTU measurements caused by changes in cone velocity are analysed.Penetration rate effects are assessed by means of No. 8 piezocone tests, with penetration rates ranging from about 0.9 to 61.7 mm/s.Tests were performed at a site located at the southern margin of the Po river valley (Northern Italy), where the subsoil mainly consists in a clayey silt deposit.Limitations on the applicability of some widely used empirical correlations, proposed for sands, are investigated and some preliminary results are shown.
Studies of IgE-dependent histamine releasing factors: heterogeneity of IgE. (1987)

Nasal lavage fluids from unstimulated individuals contain a histamine-releasing factor (HRF) similar to those which we have previously described from macrophages, platelets, and from blister fluids obtained during the late cutaneous reaction. The nasal HRF was partially purified by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Although some m.w. heterogeneity was observed, the majority of the HRF eluted at an apparent m.w. range of 15,000 to 30,000. This partially purified HRF induced histamine release from basophils of certain individuals. Histamine release occurred via a mechanism which is IgE-dependent in that: basophils desensitized by exposure to anti-IgE in the absence of calcium no longer respond to HRF, and desensitization with HRF reduces responsiveness to anti-IgE; and removal of IgE from the basophil surface by using lactic acid renders cells unresponsive to HRF. We have further defined this IgE dependence and have shown that the reason that only selected basophil donors respond to HRF is due to a previously unrecognized, functional heterogeneity of IgE. Thus, passive sensitization using sera from responders restored the responsiveness of acid-stripped basophils and conferred responsiveness to basophils of a nonresponder with naturally unoccupied IgE receptors. Sera from nonresponders failed to do this even though similar numbers of IgE molecules were put onto the basophil surface in each case. This property of responder sera was due to IgE because both heating sera at 56 degrees C for 2 hr and passage of sera over anti-IgE-Sepharose (which removes greater than 90% of the IgE) markedly reduced the ability of sera to induce responsiveness, and because an excess of either purified IgE myeloma or purified penicillin-specific IgE antibody from a nonresponder competitively inhibited the ability of IgE from responder sera to induce responsiveness to HRF. We conclude that nasal lavage fluids contain an HRF which induces basophil histamine release in a specific, IgE-dependent fashion but only from individuals with the appropriate type of IgE. Because we have shown that basophils are recruited into the nose during the late-phase reaction, we suggest that nasal HRF may induce these cells to release histamine and other mediators which could contribute to the symptomatology of the late-phase reaction.
Origin of lattice compression of FeSe1-xTex thin films on CaF2 substrates (2016)

Microstructure of FeSe1-xTex thin films near the interface to CaF2 is investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). TEM observation at the initial crystal-growth stage reveals that marked lattice compression occurs along the in-plane direction in the films with Se-rich composition, while the a-axis length of FeTe remains as its original value of bulk crystal. Subsequent EDX analysis demonstrates substantial diffusion of Se into the CaF2 substrate. Such diffusion is not prominent for Te. Thus, the formation of Se-deficient layer at the initial growth stage on CaF2 is concluded to be the main reason of the lattice compression in FeSe1-xTex thin films.
A Monte Carlo track structure code for electrons (~10 eV-10 keV) and protons (~0.3-10 MeV) in water: partitioning of energy and collision events (2000)

An event-by-event Monte Carlo simulation code for track structure studies is described. In the present form the code transports protons (approximately 0.3-10 MeV) and electrons (approximately 10 eV-10 keV) in a water medium in the gas phase approximation. For the type of particles and energy range considered, ionization, electronic excitation and electron elastic scattering are the most important collision events accounted for in the transport simulation. Efforts were made to ensure that the analytic representation of the various interaction cross sections rests on well established experimental data and theory. For example, the secondary-electron spectrum as well as partial and total ionization cross sections are represented by a semitheoretical formulation combining Bethe's asymptotic expansion and binary-encounter theory. Binding effects for five levels of ionization and eight levels of electronic excitation of the water molecule are explicitly considered. The validity of the model cross sections is examined against available experimental data and theoretical predictions from other similar studies. Results pertaining to the partitioning of energy loss and interaction events for the first-collision probability and nanometre-size track segments are presented.
Gelatin: A Valuable Protein for Food and Pharmaceutical Industries: Review (2001)

Many works have appeared in various scientifically reputable journals and publications worldwide that seem to have made potential or satisfactory contribution to our knowledge on the functions and utilization of gelatin--an important source of animal protein. Irrespective of these worldwide publications, room still exists for more work to be done to fully understand the utilization, chemical, biological, physical and functional properties of gelatin. Chemical and enzymatic modifications as well as biological studies should be undertaken with accuracy to be able to extend the utilization of gelatin in food and pharmaceuticals.
Preparation of Biopolymer Fibers by Electrospinning from Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (2006)

Electrospinning is a versatile process used to prepare micro- and nano- sized fibers from various polymers dissolved in volatile solvents. In this report, cellulose and cellulose-heparin composite fibers are prepared from nonvolatile room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) solvents by electrospinning. RTILs are extracted from the biopolymer fiber after the fiber formation using a cosolvent. Micron to nanometer sized, branched fibers were obtained from 10% (w/w) concentration of polysaccharide biopolymer in RTIL solution with an applied voltage of 15-20 kV. Cellulose-heparin composite fibers showed anticoagulant activity, demonstrating that the bioactivity of heparin remained unaffected even on exposure to a high voltage involved in electrospinning.
Is Sjögren's syndrome involved in the formation of localised nodular amyloidosis? (2002)

The case of a patient who presented with Sjögren's syndrome complicated by localised cutaneous nodular amyloidosis is reported. We discuss the possible link between these two diseases.