gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Medroxyprogesterone acetate positively modulates specific GABAA-receptor subtypes - affecting memory and cognition (2022)

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is a progestin widely used in humans as hormone replacement therapy and at other indications. Many progestin metabolites, as the progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone, have GABA<sub>A</sub>-receptor modulatory effects and are known to affect memory, learning, appetite, and mood. In women, 4 years chronic treatment with MPA doubles the frequency of dementia and in rats, MPA causes cognitive impairment related to the GABAergic system. Activation of the membrane bound GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor results in a chloride ion flux that can be studied by whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings. The purpose of this study was to clarify the modulatory effects of MPA and specific MPA metabolites, with structures like known GABA<sub>A</sub>-receptor modulators, on different GABA<sub>A</sub>-receptor subtypes. An additional aim was to verify the results as steroid effects on GABA response in single cells taken from rat hypothalamus. HEK-293 cell-lines permanently expressing the recombinant human GABA<sub>A</sub>-receptor subtype α1β2γ2L or α5β3γ2L or α2β3γ2S were created. The MPA metabolites 3α5α-MPA,3β5α-MPA and 3β5β-MPA were synthesised and purified for electrophysiological patch-clamp measurements with a Dynaflow system. The effects of MPA and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone were also studied. None of the studied MPA metabolites affected the responses mediated by α1β2γ2L or α5β3γ2L GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors. Contrary, MPA clearly acted both as a positive modulator and as a direct activator of the α5β3γ2L and α2β3γ2S GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors. However, in concentrations up to 10 μM, MPA was inactive at the α1β2γ2L GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor. In the patch-clamp recordings from dissociated cells of the preoptic area in rats, MPA increased the amplitude of responses to GABA. In addition, MPA alone without added GABA, evoked a current response. In conclusion, MPA acts as a positive modulator of specific GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor subtypes expressed in HEK cells and at native GABA receptors in single cells from the hypothalamic preoptic area.
Combinatorial Materials Research in the Polymer Industry: Speed versus Flexibility (2003)

Abstract With combinatorial materials research (CMR), a new research approach toward the development and optimization of materials has been established at BASF. While adopting the basic ideas of combinatorial chemistry, CMR faces a whole bunch of challenges throughout the entire combinatorial process loop. New concepts for sample preparation on a smaller scale, i.e. synthesis and formulation, for parallel or fast sequential screening and characterization, and for appropriate management of yet unknown amounts of data have been developed. The integration of as many as possible workflow steps and the interplay of experts from various relevant fields, such as chemistry, engineering, robotics, informatics, and physics, are necessary. First results in the fields of polymer synthesis and coatings formulation give an impression of the innovative power and efficiency of this new kind of research. magnified image
BAFF Receptor mAb Treatment Ameliorates Development and Progression of Atherosclerosis in Hyperlipidemic ApoE−/− Mice (2013)

Anti-BAFFR monoclonal antibody selectively depletes mature B2 cells while sparing B1a cells, disrupts spleen B-cell zones and ameliorates atherosclerosis development and progression in hyperlipidemic ApoE(-/-) mice. Our findings have potential for clinical translation to manage atherosclerosis-based cardiovascular diseases.
Effect of hydrogen termination on the work of adhesion between rough polycrystalline silicon surfaces (1997)

A novel micromachined test structure has been used to measure the work of adhesion between polycrystalline silicon surfaces. The effects of several surface treatments, including a hydrogen- and an ammonium-fluoride-induced hydrogen termination and a hydrogen peroxide chemical oxidation, have been investigated with these test structures. A reduction in the average apparent work of adhesion by a factor of 2000 has been observed on the NH4F-treated surface compared to the oxide-coated surface. By using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, the observed reduction is traced to the combined effect of the surface chemistry and topography. This work demonstrates that a hydrophobic, rough surface provides a significant reduction of the apparent work of adhesion in polysilicon micromachined devices.
Removal of Fluoride Ions (F-1) from Contaminated Drinking Water using MnFe2O4 /Banana Peels Composite Synthesized through Chemical Co-Precipitation Method (2022)

Fluoride (F) contaminated water is of immense health risk. Skeletal as well as dental fluorosis is due to the excessive Fluoride (&gt; 1.5 mg/L) concentration in drinking water. In the present work, MnFe2O4 /banana Peels composite a unique adsorbent has been explored for the elimination of fluoride from aqueous system. These nanocomposites were characterized by XRD and FTIR. Retentivity and coercivity value of nanocomposite is determined by Hysteresis loop. The optimized conditions for the removal of 86% fluoride from field water sample was achieved at pH 8 and in 175 min. From the experimental results, it may be inferred that MnFe2O4 /banana peels composite is an adequate adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from water.
Machine learning model to predict recurrent ulcer bleeding in patients with history of idiopathic gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding (2019)

We developed a machine-learning model to identify those patients with a history of idiopathic gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding who are not at high risk for recurrent ulcer bleeding.
Oral Lecithin and Linoleic Acid in Friedreich’s Ataxia: II. Clinical Results (1982)

SUMMARY: Twenty-two patients with Friedreich’s Ataxia and ten normal controls were followed for one year and assessed as to their clinical performance after two successive six-month periods of lecithin or safflower oil. Results demonstrated no significant difference in performance scores according to group assignation, neither in patients nor in controls. According to stages, two patients in stage I and to a lesser degree, one patient in stage IV showed better scores for muscle strength and some motor accuracy and coordination tests with lecithin. Controls as groups maintained positive scores in all tests. Patients as groups showed negative mean values in nine out of eleven tests. Again as groups, patients receiving safflower oil demonstrated a mean 8% less deterioration than patients receiving lecithin. This study demonstrates that objective clinical tests and the participation of normal controls are a must in a therapeutic trial implicating patients with a progressive disorder such as Friedreich’s Ataxia. The possible role of linoleic acid as the active factor from which clinical improvement proceeded in some specific patients and with early functional stages of the disease, has to be considered and reevaluated in the near future.
Antimicrobial Properties of Plant Essential Oils against Human Pathogens and Their Mode of Action: An Updated Review (2016)

A wide range of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) have been explored for their essential oils in the past few decades. Essential oils are complex volatile compounds, synthesized naturally in different plant parts during the process of secondary metabolism. Essential oils have great potential in the field of biomedicine as they effectively destroy several bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens. The presence of different types of aldehydes, phenolics, terpenes, and other antimicrobial compounds means that the essential oils are effective against a diverse range of pathogens. The reactivity of essential oil depends upon the nature, composition, and orientation of its functional groups. The aim of this article is to review the antimicrobial potential of essential oils secreted from MAPs and their possible mechanisms of action against human pathogens. This comprehensive review will benefit researchers who wish to explore the potential of essential oils in the development of novel broad-spectrum key molecules against a broad range of drug-resistant pathogenic microbes.
A Study on the VHCF Fatigue Behaviors and UNSM Effects of Hydrogen Attacked STS 304 (2018)

실온에서 미처리재와 UNSM 처리재, 수소취화재(10 MPa, 300 ℃, 120 h) 및 이 수소취화재의 UNSM 처리재의 스테인리스강 304 시험편의 재료특성파악을 위한 실험에서 수소취화재는 기존의 미처리재의 S-N곡선보다 피로강도가 거의 비숫한 경향을 나타내었으며, 수소취화효과는 미미하였다. 미처리재와 수소취화재의 피로한도는 400 ㎫로 같았고, 약 8.1배의 많은 수소를 함유함에도 수소취화영향은 거의 없었다. 미처리재에 비해서 UNSM처리재의 피로한도는 약 50 % 상승하였고, 수소취화재의 UNSM처리재는 수소취화재보다 약 50 % 상승하는 경향을 나타내었다. EBSD에 의한 IQ, IPF, KAM 및 phase diagram map에서 UNSM처리 후, 이 처리의 영향을 받는 나노 입자 표면층의 두께는 약 112 ㎛이다.
Fabrication and characterization of graphene/molecule/graphene vertical junctions with aryl alkane monolayers (2017)

In this study, we fabricated and characterized graphene/molecule/graphene (GMG) vertical junctions with aryl alkane monolayers. The constituent molecules were chemically self-assembled via electrophilic diazonium reactions into a monolayer on the graphene bottom electrode, while the other end physically contacted the graphene top electrode. A full understanding of the transport properties of molecular junctions is a key step in the realization of molecular-scale electronic devices and requires detailed microscopic characterization of the junction’s active region. Using a multiprobe approach combining a variety of transport techniques, we elucidated the transport mechanisms and electronic structure of the GMG junctions, including temperature- and length-variable transport measurements, and transition voltage spectroscopy. These results provide criteria to establish a valid molecular junction and to determine the most probable transport characteristics of the GMG junctions.
Ultrathin miniaturized meta-surface for wide band gain enhancement (2017)

In this paper, a low profile ultra thin miniaturized meta-surface is used to enhance radiation and transmission characteristics of wide frequency C-band radiator. The used planner meta-surface consists of double annular ring resonator with metallic serrations having measured wide pass band characteristic from 4.25 GHz to 8.0 GHz with transmission bandwidth of 3.75 GHz. The size of meta-surface unit cell is 0.166λ × 0.166λ with planner meta-surface thickness of 0.011λ making meta-surface ultrathin and compact. The meta-surface is placed over microwave radiator at an optimum height causing radiation convergence resulting into wide band gain enhancement of 1.5 dB to 6.75 dB from 4.35 GHz to 7.45 GHz with a wide enhanced gain bandwidth of 3.15 GHz. The radiation and transmission characteristics of MS at different height with wide frequency C-band radiator are measured and optimum height is selected. A highest gain enhancement of 6.75 dB is obtained at 5.4 GHz.
Squeezed states of light (1987)

No summary of this tutorial or biographical information was available at press time.
On some problems connected with thermal motion in molecular crystals and a lattice-dynamical interpretation (1974)

Interpretation of thermal motion in molecular crystals is important for obtaining accurate bond lengths. However, even in a simple case, such as a rigid body, serious difficulties may arise. Contrary to what seems to be a widespread feeling, mathematical methods for overcoming these difficulties, such as regression on principal components, may often lead to results without physical meaning, and a good fit to individual B's is not necessarily a proof of a correct procedure. For an accurate bond-length correction, a lattice-dynamical treatment is particularly promising as a practical method of solution: examples of application, which result in a satisfactory interpretation of molecular motion, are given.
Wall deactivation with fluorosurfactants for capillary electrophoretic analysis of biomolecules (2001)

This paper describes the use of fluorosurfactants as buffer additives for capillary electrophoretic separation of proteins and peptides. Due to fluorosurfactant bilayer formation at the capillary inner wall, the surface charge can be adjusted and even reversed. If the running buffer pH is kept at a level where the proteins have the same sign of charge as the wall, electrostatic repulsion will be obtained. The protein wall adsorption can therefore be reduced and the separation performance can be noticeably increased. The separation performance can also be further improved by including mixtures of different types of fluorosurfactants in the running buffer. The buffer system can accordingly be adapted for a certain separation problem. Mechanisms for the use of fluorosurfactants for wall deactivation in capillary electrophoretic protein separations is discussed in the present work and some examples of applications are also presented.
Correction of Positional Errors and Geometric Distortions in Topographic Maps and DEMs Using a Rigorous SAR Simulation Technique (2004)

In the history of surveying and mapping, a large volumes of topographic maps and digital elevation models have been created at various scales throughout the world. However, positional errors and geometric distortions may exist in the topographic contour maps and their derived DEMs due to inaccurate ground control and poor navigation techniques in the early years. In this paper, we present a new technique to detect and correct positional errors and geometric distortions in topographic data based on rigorous Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image simulation and mathematical modeling of SAR imaging geometry. Our method has been successfully applied to two USGS topographical data sets in Antarctica. Using Radarsat SAR imagery, positional errors of these two data sets have been reduced from 5 km to 200 m and from 200 m to 50 m, respectively.
Patterns of serological markers in transfusion‐transmitted hepatitis C virus infection using second‐generation HCV assays (1992)

A semiautomated dot blot assay and cDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to study longitudinal anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) recognition patterns in relation to presence of HCV-RNA in transfusion recipients and their infectious donors. In 9 recipients, 4 different patterns of HCV infection were observed: (A) persistent HCV carriage accompanied by chronic hepatitis in 6, (B) acute resolved hepatitis, but persistent HCV replication in one, and (C) continuous HCV replication without hepatitis in one and (D) acute resolved hepatitis with clearance of infection in one. This last self-limited infection was characterized by the disappearance of HCV-RNA as well as anti-HCV reactivity. In contrast, antibody reactivity persisted in 7 of 8 patients with chronic HCV infection who could be followed until 1990. Seven of the 9 recipients developed antibodies to all recombinant peptides in dot blot assay; one became positive for anti-C33 and anti-core and one developed anti-core only. The sequence of appearance of antibodies differed among individual patients. In 7 patients with full anti-HCV recognition patterns, the sequence of events was (mean and limits in days after transfusion): onset of hepatitis at day 50 (22-74), seroconversion of anti-C33 at day 91 (59-129), anti-core at day 133 (54-203), and anti-C100 at day 143 (59-365). The incorporation of C33 and core proteins, in addition to C100, in the second generation anti-HCV ELISA enhanced the detection rate in the HCV-infected transfusion recipients from 7/9 (78%) to 9/9 (100%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Eighteen-level analysis of vertebral rotation following Harrington-Luque instrumentation in idiopathic scoliosis. (1994)

We used the Perdriolle method to measure the rotation of each vertebra from the seventh cervical to the fifth lumbar level, before and after posterior spinal arthrodesis and Harrington-Luque instrumentation in fifteen patients who had idiopathic scoliosis. The primary curve was corrected an average of 50 per cent and the secondary curve, an average of 73 per cent. Following the operation, the average number of vertebrae involved in the primary curve increased from seven (range, five to ten) to nine (range, seven to fifteen). The rotation of the apical vertebra of the primary curve increased 10 degrees in four patients and 5 degrees in two patients and decreased 5 degrees in one patient. The rotation of the apical vertebra of the secondary curve increased 10 degrees in three patients and 5 degrees in one patient and decreased 5 degrees in four patients. In seven patients, correction of the curve was associated with unexpected counter-rotation, beyond the levels of instrumentation, of three or more vertebral segments that had been in neutral position before the operation.
High Quality RF‐Sputtered Silicon Dioxide Layers (1976)

Very homogeneous layers were prepared by rf sputtering of in Ar or Si in with Ar on Si substrates which had been cleaned in situ by sputter etching. After a short anneal in (20 min at 1050°C and a 10 min postmetallization anneal at 500°C), surface charge, surface‐state density, and stability were similar to those reported for good, thermally grown oxides. Best results were obtained with reactively sputtered .
Efficient Serial Message-Passing Schedules for LDPC Decoding (2007)

Conventionally, in each low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoding iteration all the variable nodes and subsequently all the check nodes send messages to their neighbors (flooding schedule). An alternative, more efficient, approach is to update the nodes' messages serially (serial schedule). A theoretical analysis of serial message passing decoding schedules is presented. In particular, the evolution of the computation tree under serial scheduling is analyzed. It shows that the tree grows twice as fast in comparison to the flooding schedule's one, indicating that the serial schedule propagates information twice as fast in the code's underlying graph. Furthermore, an asymptotic analysis of the serial schedule's convergence rate is done using the density evolution (DE) algorithm. Applied to various ensembles of LDPC codes, it shows that for long codes the serial schedule is expected to converge in half the number of iterations compared to the standard flooding schedule, when working near the ensemble's threshold. This observation is generally proved for the binary erasure channel (BEC) under some natural assumptions. Finally, an accompanying concentration theorem is proved.
Exploring the Origins, Uses, and Interactions of Student Intuitions: Comparing the Lengths of Paths (1996)

Sixteen middle school students ranked the lengths of various paths in two audiotaped problem-solving interviews. Every student invoked at least one of four intuitions that originated from their everyday experiences: compression, detour, complexity , and straightness . After their intuitions proved inadequate in the pretest, they were taught an applicable algorithm. However, they used their intuitions again during the posttest before applying the instructed algorithm. The reuse of the inadequate intuitions demonstrates their robustness and their continued higher cueing priority despite the presence of the successful algorithm. When students applied multiple intuitions that conflicted, they often vacillated. Eventually, most students chose one. Nevertheless, they continued using the rejected intuition to compare other paths. As a result, their problem solving suggests that their intuitions are sparsely connected fragments. On the other hand, when intuitions support a common conclusion, students may integrate them to create a larger knowledge structure.
Characterization of the Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin Block: Release of Growth Factors, Cellular Content, and Structure (2019)

The L-PRF block consists of deproteinized bovine bone mineral particles surrounded by platelets and leukocytes, embedded in a fibrin network that releases growth factors up to 14 days.
Laser aided surface coating (1993)

In the field of treament of metallic surfaces in processing industry, new vistas are opened up by laser beam as a universal tool without physical contact between the tool and the workpiece. Since the generation of laser beam has a low efficiency, therefore the overall efficiency of the laser beam treatment is influenced – to a considerable effect – by the energy absorbed by the workpiece, which in turn has an effect on the quality and economics of the treatment, too. For this reason, the interaction between the CO2 laser beam of a wavelength of 10.6µm and the workpiece was examined for the case of different surface–coating substances. The examinations were carried out with the help of thermovision band–filtered to a wavelength of 10.6µm .
Supplementary Table S1 from Activation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Mediates Acquired Resistance to MEK Inhibition in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1 shows recurrent genomic alterations in MPNST cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
New Transparent Flexible UV-Cured Films from Polyisobutylene-Polyisoprene Block Polymers (1991)

Abstract Novel polyisobutylene-polyisoprene (PIB-PIP) multiblock polymers have been synthesized and used for the preparation of UV-cured transparent flexible coatings. The block polymers were tailor-made by bidirectional living carbocationic polymerization of isobutylene (IB) followed by sequential isoprene (IP) addition. PIB-PIP multiblocks containing highly cyclized tr-1,4-PIP sequences were mixed with a bisazide and photocrosslinked. Epoxidized PIB-PIP blocks were blended with a cationic photoinitiator and UV-cured. Blocks having 23 mol% total PIP content and PIB segments of M n = 16,600 and 18,800, respectively, gave transparent flexible coatings with 45 kg/cm2 tensile strength and 450% elongation. The coatings exhibited good adhesion to aluminum and are expected to have excellent barrier properties due to the presence of PIB sequences.
Supplementary Data from Unbiased Detection of Driver Mutations in Extramammary Paget Disease (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary table 1-9&lt;/p&gt;
Traumatic experiences in psychiatric outpatients (1990)

Fifty-four newly referred psychiatric outpatients were interviewed and a life history of severe traumatic experiences was taken. Forty-four gave a positive history, 17 of whom developed symptoms of post-traumatic stress (PTSS). Twelve met a past or current diagnosis of PTSD. Factors relating to the occurrence of PTSS included early trauma, more traumatic events, incest, perceiving the event as frightening, being physically injured, perceiving the event as being life threatening, seeing a physician, and being hospitalized. Age at trauma and differences between men and women are also discussed.
Transmission line delay‐based radio frequency identification (RFID) tag (2007)

Abstract This paper presents the design, simulation, fabrication, and characterization of a transmission delay line‐based RFID tag. The ID generating circuit is designed based on the transmission delay line concept. A compact, inset‐fed triangular patch antenna resonant at 915 MHz frequency is developed for integration with the tag application. The layout of the tag has been realized using conventional photolithography. Tags with a 5‐ and 10‐ns delay ID generation circuits have been tested using input signals of 10‐ns width. An OOK (On‐Off Keying) modulation technique is employed for characterization of the tag. The received output consists of delayed signal from the tag added to the direct signal from the transmitter. Transmission delay line‐based RFID technology can be exploited for low‐end commercial applications that has a large market. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 1900–1904, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22599