gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Les plasmas atmosphériques hors équilibre et le traitement des effluents gazeux. (1999)

International audience
Simple Relay Selection for Wireless Network Coding System (2011)

Broadcasting nature of wireless communications makes it possible to apply opportunistic network coding (OPNC) by overhearing transmitted packets from a source to sink nodes. However, it is difficult to apply network coding to the topology of multiple relay and sink nodes. We propose to use relay node selection, which finds a proper node for network coding since the OPNC alone in the topology of multiple relays and sink nodes cannot guarantee network coding gain. The proposed system is a novel combination of wireless network coding and relay selection, which is a key contribution of this paper. In this paper, with the consideration of channel state and potential network coding gain, we propose relay node selection techniques, and show performance gain over the conventional OPNC and a channel-based selection algorithm in terms of average system throughput.
Innovative interactive flexible docking method for multi-scale reconstruction elucidates dystrophin molecular assembly (2014)

At present, our molecular knowledge of dystrophin, the protein encoded by the DMD gene and mutated in myopathy patients, remains limited. To get around the absence of its atomic structure, we have developed an innovative interactive docking method based on the BioSpring software in combination with Small-angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) data. BioSpring allows interactive handling of biological macromolecules thanks to an augmented Elastic Network Model (aENM) that combines the spring network with non-bonded terms between atoms or pseudo-atoms. This approach can be used for building molecular assemblies even on a desktop or a laptop computer thanks to code optimizations including parallel computing and GPU programming. By combining atomistic and coarse-grained models, the approach significantly simplifies the set-up of multi-scale scenarios. BioSpring is remarkably efficient for the preparation of numeric simulations or for the design of biomolecular models integrating qualitative experimental data restraints. The combination of this program and SAXS allowed us to propose the first high-resolution models of the filamentous central domain of dystrophin, covering repeats 11 to 17. Low-resolution interactive docking experiments driven by a potential grid enabled us to propose how dystrophin may associate with F-actin and nNOS. This information provides an insight into medically relevant discoveries to come.
Analytical high-performance affinity chromatography: evaluation by studies of neurophysin self-association and neurophysin-peptide hormone interaction using glass matrixes (1986)

Bovine neurophysin II (BNP II) was covalently immobilized on both nonporous and porous (200-nm pore diameter) glass beads and incorporated in a high-performance liquid chromatograph to evaluate analytical high-performance affinity chromatography as a microscale method for characterizing biomolecular interactions. By extension of the theoretical treatment of analytical affinity chromatography, both the self-association of neurophysin and its binding of the peptide hormone vasopressin were characterized by using a single chromatographic column containing immobilized neurophysin predominantly in the monomer form. Both [3H] [Arg8]vasopressin (AVP) and 125I-BNP II were rapidly eluted (less than 25 min). The relatively symmetrical elution peaks obtained allowed calculation of both equilibrium dissociation constants and kinetic dissociation rate constants. The dissociation constant measured chromatographically for the AVP-immobilized neurophysin complex, KM/L = 11 microM with porous glass beads and 75 microM with nonporous glass (NPG) beads, was in reasonable agreement with those previously obtained by curve fitting of Scatchard plots (16-20 microM) and from binding to [BNP II]Sepharose (50 microM). The values obtained are larger than that for dissociation of AVP from BNP II dimer, by a factor consistent with the intended nature of immobilized BNP II as monomers. Chromatography of BNP II on the [BNP II]NPG gave a dimer dissociation constant of 166 microM, a value in excellent agreement with that derived from equilibrium sedimentation studies (172 microM). In contrast to the agreement of chromatographic equilibrium binding constants with those measured in solution, the dissociation rate, k-3, determined from the variance of the affinity chromatographic elution profile with nonporous beads, was several orders of magnitude smaller than the solution counterpart.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Polymer Stereocomplexation as a Scalable Platform for Nanoparticle Assembly (2020)

DNA-mediated assembly of inorganic particles has demonstrated to be a powerful approach for preparing nanomaterials with a range of interesting optical and electrical properties. Building on this inspiration, we describe a generalizable gram-scale method to assemble nanoparticles through the formation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) triple-helices. In this work, alkene-terminated <i>syndiotactic</i> (<i>st</i>-) and <i>isotactic</i> (<i>it</i>-) PMMA polymers were prepared and subsequently functionalized to afford nanoparticle ligands. Nanoparticles with complementary <i>st</i>- and <i>it</i>-PMMA ligands could then be spontaneously assembled upon mixing at room temperature. This process was robust and fully reversible through multiple heating and cooling cycles. The versatility of PMMA stereocomplexation was highlighted by assembling hybrid structures composed of nanoparticles of different compositions (e.g., Au and quantum dots) and shapes (e.g., spheres and rods). These initial demonstrations of nanoparticle self-assembly from inexpensive PMMA-based materials present an attractive alternative to DNA-based nanomaterials.
Metal Wet Etch Process Development for Dual Metal Gate CMOS (2005)

Wet etch chemistries using standard chemicals and tools available in the industrial clean room have been studied to successfully integrate dual work function metal gate complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS). Candidate gate materials included TiN, Ta, TaN, TaCN, TaSiN, and TiSiN deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD), physical vapor deposition, and chemical vapor deposition. A plasma enhanced tetraethylorthosilicate hard mask and two gate dielectric films, ALD-based and , were also studied for their etch selectivity to various chemical formulations. In addition, preliminary electrical results of capacitor devices processed using these wet etch processes are reported.
Engineering the electronic structure of two-dimensional subnanopore nanosheets using molecular titanium-oxide incorporation for enhanced photocatalytic activity (2015)

Regulating the electronic band structure of 2D CN nanosheets via subnanopore engineering.
Detector Identification with Four BGO Crystals on a Dual PMT (1984)

The current trend towards higher resolution positron emission tomography (PET) requires the development of small but efficient detectors. This paper presents the initial characterization of a detector composed of four equally spaced, 4.5mm wide bismuth germanate (BGO) crystals coupled to the face of a Hamamatsu R1548 dual photomultiplier tube (PMT). The intrinsic optical cross talk between the two segments of the dual PMT exhibits a spatial dependence that has been exploited for crystal identification. Misidentification of crystals due to the combined effects of compton scattering of gamma rays between crystals, crystal penetration of gamma rays, and the imperfection of the optical cross talk identification scheme has been studied under various conditions. The detector pair spatial resolution on axis was measured to be 2.9mm full width at half maximum (FWHM), and the intrinsic peak efficiency was found to be higher than that of the larger detectors currently in use in the Montreal Neurological Institute's (MNI) Positome III camera.
Learning Word Importance with the Neural Bag-of-Words Model (2016)

The Neural Bag-of-Words (NBOW) model
performs classification with an average of
the input word vectors and achieves an impressive
performance. While the NBOW
model learns word vectors targeted for
the classification task it does not explicitly
model which words are important for
given task. In this paper we propose an
improved NBOW model with this ability
to learn task specific word importance
weights. The word importance weights
are learned by introducing a new weighted
sum composition of the word vectors.
With experiments on standard topic and
sentiment classification tasks, we show
that (a) our proposed model learns meaningful
word importance for a given task (b)
our model gives best accuracies among the
BOW approaches. We also show that the
learned word importance weights are comparable
to tf-idf based word weights when
used as features in a BOWSVM classifier.
Fluorescence Probe Based on Hybrid Mesoporous Silica/Quantum Dot/Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Detection of Tetracycline (2016)

A newly designed fluorescence probe made from a hybrid quantum dot/mesoporous silica/molecularly imprinted polymer (QD/MS/MIP) was successfully created, and the probe was used for the detection of tetracycline (TC) in serum sample. QD/MS/MIP was characterized by transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiment and fluorescence spectroscopy. Tetracycline, which is a type of broad-spectrum antibiotic, was selected as the template. The monomer and the template were combined by covalent bonds. After the template was removed to form a binding site, a hydrogen bonding interaction formed between the hole and the target molecule. Moreover, when rebinding TC, a new complex was produced between the amino group of QD/MS/MIP and the hydroxyl group of TC. After that, the energy of the QDs could transfer to the complex, which explains the fluorescence quenching phenomenon. The fluorescent intensity of QD/MS/MIP decreased in 10 min, and an excellent linearity from 50 to 1000 ng mL(-1) was correspondingly obtained. This composite material has a high selectivity with an imprinting factor of 6.71. In addition, the confirmed probe strategy was successfully applied to serum sample analyses, and the recoveries were 90.2%-97.2% with relative standard deviations of 2.2%-5.7%. This current work offers a novel and suitable method to synthesize QD/MS/MIP with a highly selective recognition ability. This composite material will be valuable for use in fluorescence probe applications.
A novel approach for partial blur detection and segmentation (2013)

This paper proposes a novel approach for partial blur detection and segmentation. The local blur kernels of image blocks are firstly estimated and then a reblurring technique is used to measure relative blur degrees of the local blur kernels. The output of reblurring is a metric to classify blurred and non-blurred image blocks. Furthermore, block-based and pixel-based techniques are incorporated for a fine segmentation of blurred and non-blurred regions. Our approach is evaluated for out-of-focus and motion blurred images. The experimental results show that the proposed approach detects and segments the blurred and non-blurred regions in partial blurred images with 88% accuracy for natural out-of-focus blur, 86% accuracy for artificial out-of-focus blur and 83% accuracy for artificial motion blur, which outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches of partial blur detection and segmentation.
Annular grain structures in pulsed laser recrystallized Si on amorphous insulators (1981)

Polycrystalline silicon films on SiO2 and Si3N4 may be processed by tightly focused, overlapping laser pulses to yield large-grained (1–5μm) material. In individual nonoverlapping spots the large grains are arranged in concentric rings whose origin is clarified in this letter.
Contents (2016)

This book presents new theories and international empirical evidence on the state of work and employment around the world. Changes in production systems, economic conditions and regulatory conditions are posing new questions about the growing use by employers of precarious forms of work, the contradictory approaches of governments towards employment and social policy, and the ability of trade unions to improve the distribution of decent employment conditions. Designed as a tribute to the highly influential contributions of Jill Rubery, the book proposes a 'new labour market segmentation approach' for the investigation of issues of job quality, employment inequalities, and precarious work. This approach is distinctive in seeking to place the changing international patterns and experiences of labour market inequalities in the wider context of shifting gender relations, regulatory regimes and production structures.
Processing and Characterization of (Y 1‐x Tb x )Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7‐z Superconducting Thin Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements
Adjoint-Based Sensitivities for Optimization of Satellite Electron/Proton Shields. (2018)

Abstract not provided.
The effect of age on adjuvant chemotherapy with uracil-tegafur for completely resected stage I lung adenocarcinoma (2008)

7538 Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) with uracil-tegafur (UFT) has been shown to increase survival in stage I lung adenocarcinomas, although adjuvant platinum-based CT is being still investigated among this population. However, uncertainty concerning its efficacy and toxicity exists in elderly patients (70 years old or more). Methods: We analyzed individual patient data of 979 patients in the Japan Lung Cancer Research Group trial, which was a prospective randomized study of CT with UFT for stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Patient characteristics, UFT toxicity and compliance, overall survival and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared among 3 age groups: 549 (56%) young (<65), 242 (25%) middle (65–69) and 188 (19%) elderly (≥70). The analysis was performed on an intent-to-treat basis. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and difference in survival between the two groups was compared with the log-rank test. Cox models were used to test the trend of UFT efficacy on survival according to age. Results: Baseline characteristics were not statistically different among the age groups, although women were more frequent in elderly patients. The drug compliance of the elderly group was significantly lower than that of other ones (Chi-square test: p<0.05). Statistical differences in several kinds of toxicity, such as AST and anorexia, were observed between elderly population and other groups. The hazard ratio (HR) of death was 0.78 (95% C.I., 0.46–1.28) for the young patients, 0.76 (95% C.I., 0.40–1.39) for the middle category and 0.63 (0.35–1.10) for the elderly patients (test to trend: p=0.58). The HR for DFS was 0.79 (95% C.I., 0.53–1.16) for the young, 0.90 (0.54–1.50) for the mid category and 0.86 (0.52–1.40) for the elderly patients (test for trend: p=0.80). No difference in non-cancer related death was observed among the age groups. Conclusions: Although the drug compliance of UFT was significantly lower in the elderly patients, age did not have a statistical impact on the survival benefit from adjuvant treatment with UFT for patients with p-stage I lung adenocarcinoma. This may be due to lack of statistical power. Further molecular epidemiologic and molecular profiling studies investigating age as a prognostic factor for survival are required. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Design of high-voltage cable joints (1950)

WHILE there exists a large volume of printed matter on all the aspects of high-voltage cables, the design of the related joints on a theoretically rigorous basis has not hitherto been published in a comprehensive manner. Joints can be classified as the homogeneous case and the heterogeneous case. In the former case the joint and cable insulants are assumed of identical material, whereas in the latter the conditions pertain where the cable insulant is of the usual graded construction and the joint insulant of some different material or dielectric constant.
THE INTERACTIONS OF APC, E‐CADHERIN AND β‐CATENIN IN TUMOUR DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION (1997)

Much progress has been made in identifying genes mutated during the development of colorectal carcinoma. Mutation of the APC gene in particular appears to be fundamental for colorectal tumour initiation. In contrast, loss of expression of E-cadherin appears to be a late event, which may be important in the development of invasion. Recent clarification of the function of APC, however, has shown that it exists in equilibrium with β-catenin and E-cadherin. This review discusses the functions of these molecules, their interactions, and how APC mutations may alter the equilibrium with β-catenin and E-cadherin. It is argued that these changes cause aberrant architectural development of tissue, which results in loss of growth control. It is this escape from growth control, rather than acquisition of cell-autonomous growth, which results in the initial development of adenomas. The role of the E-cadherin–catenin unit in colorectal tumour invasion is discussed and the evidence is reviewed for the involvement of APC and E-cadherin in tumours arising from non-intestinal epithelia. © John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Das Frauenstudien-Programm in Groningen (1994)

In den späten 60er Jahren begann die sogenannte “Zweite Feministische Welle” bzw. die Zweite Frauenbewegung. Die Beziehungen zwischen den Geschlechtern wurden thematisiert, und viele Praktiken, die sich historisch entwickelt hatten, wurden nun als ungerecht angesehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund entstanden die Frauenstudien-Programme.
Methods of processing marrow samples may affect the frequency of detectable aneuploid cells (1981)

Karyotypes were analyzed from 14 patients with various myeloproliferative disorders who had marrow samples processed directly and cultured in various ways. Eleven patients had acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) (seven patients) or a dysmyelopoietic syndrome (four patients). All of these patients were known to have an abnormal karyotype, and in each case, two samples of a bone marrow aspirate were available: one processed directly and another cultured for 24 hr. Five of the 11 patients had essentially the same proportion of abnormal cells in the direct and 24-hr samples; in five other patients, the percentage of aneuploid cells in the sample cultured for 24 hr was higher than that in the direct preparation. A higher percentage of aneuploid cells was observed in the direct preparation in only one case. In three other cases of ANLL, a marrow aspirate was cultured with methotrexate in addition to samples processed directly and after 24-hr culture; only two of these had an abnormal clone in any sample. The results of karyotype analysis differed in these two patients. The proportion of aneuploid cells was substantially higher in the methotrexate culture than in the 24-hr culture in one patient; in the other patient, the 24-hr culture contained aneuploid cells, whereas the methotrexate culture showed none. Three of the 13 aneuploid patients would have been incorrectly classified as being karyotypically normal on the basis of the initial analysis of the direct preparation, since only a single abnormal cell was detected in each case. The karyotypic pattern in untreated patients with ANLL has prognostic significance; therefore, the method of processing marrow aspirates may substantially influence the degree of correlation between the karyotype and survival reported by different laboratories.
Low-dose brachytherapy for early stage penile cancer: a 20-year single-institution study (73 patients) (2016)

IBT provides good local control with organ preservation, excellent tolerance and low complication rates in early-stage penile cancers.
Information extraction using optical and radar remote sensing data fusion (2012)

Information extraction from multi-sensor remote sensing imagery is an important and challenging task for many applications such as urban area mapping and change detection. Especially for optical and radar data fusion a special acquisition (orthogonal) geometry is of great importance in order to minimize displacements due to an inaccuracy of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) used for data ortho-rectification and due to the presence of unknown 3D structures in a scene. Final data spatial alignment is performed manually using ground control points (GCPs) or by a recently proposed automatic co-registration method based on a Mutual Information measure. These data preprocessing steps are of a crucial importance for a success of the following data fusion. For a combination of features originating from different sources, which are quite often non-commensurable, we propose an information fusion framework called INFOFUSE consisting of three main processing steps: feature fission (feature extraction for complete description of a scene), unsupervised clustering (complexity reduction and feature conversion to a common domain) and supervised classification realized by Bayesian/Neural/Graphical networks. Finally, a general data processing chain for multi-sensor data fusion is presented. Examples of buildings in an urban area are presented for very high resolution space borne optical WorldView-2 and radar TerraSAR-X imagery over Munich city, Germany in different acquisition geometries including the orthogonal one. Additionally, theoretical analysis of radar signatures of buildings in urban area and its impact on the joint classification or data fusion is discussed.
Rat ventral prostate cell lysis at 2 degrees C. (1986)

In order to physically separate epithelial from nonepithelial cells, well-minced rat ventral prostate at 2 degrees C was passed through a tissue sieve, and the disrupted tissue suspended and washed several times before centrifugation on a Ficoll gradient. While limited separation of single prostate epithelial and nonepithelial cells and small aggregates could be achieved, the yield of intact undamaged cells was low, and many nuclei contaminated the 2 major cell fractions obtained from the gradient. During subsequent experiments, it became apparent that most single cells released from prostates minced at 2 degrees C rapidly lysed, yielding cytoplasmic debris and cell nuclei. Yet the morphology of red and white blood cells, examined by light microscopy, was unaffected, suggesting a soluble factor was not responsible. These results indicated that mechanical dissociation of rat ventral prostate at 2 degrees C with release of single cells was accompanied by a powerful prostate cell-associated lytic 'event', affecting both epithelial and connective tissue cells, without destruction of cell nuclei or accompanying red and white blood cells. Some properties of this process are described in this report.