gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metal-acetylide bonding in (.eta.5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2C.tplbond.CR compounds. Measures of metal-d.pi.-acetylide-.pi. interactions from photoelectron spectroscopy (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal-acetylide bonding in (.eta.5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2C.tplbond.CR compounds. Measures of metal-d.pi.-acetylide-.pi. interactions from photoelectron spectroscopyDennis L. Lichtenberger, Sharon K. Renshaw, and R. Morris BullockCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 8, 3276–3285Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00061a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00061a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views432Altmetric-Citations121LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lipid composition for the delivery of therapeutic cargos (2023)

A construct includes a core comprising an external surface and a plurality of pores, a cargo disposed in a pore of the plurality of pores, the cargo comprising a CRISPR Cas9 component or a nucleic acid sequence encoding a CRISPR Cas9 component; and a coating coupled to the core, wherein the coating comprises a cationic lipid, a pegylated lipid, a zwitterionic lipid, and a sterol. The coating may comprise a molar ratio of about 1 cationic lipid to 1 zwitterionic lipid to 0.9 sterol to 0.15 PEGylated lipid, wherein each molar ratio optionally varies by about plus or minus 10%. A method of treatment is also provided.
Future technologies from trends in computer forensic science (2002)

The origins of computer forensic science are examined and correlated to the evolution of forensic technologies and future research and development. Techniques to recover information from attempts to destroy files or inflict physical damage to the computer are illustrated. Included is a discussion on the specialized environments, tools and techniques required to recover information from physically damaged disks. Magnetic techniques to retrieve data that has been physically overwritten are also reviewed. The physical characteristics of the disks are examined to recover altered data. The influence of magnetic fields on the behavior of domains in the fringe areas are studied to determine previously recorded information. The direction, properties, position and size of the domains are correlated to determine bit values. "State file analysis" is introduced to ascertain the order in which electronic events and hence overall computer events have occurred. Sequences of events can therefore be reconstructed in cases where dates and times are altered or erased. Legal issues for the forensic scientist are as equally important in the recovery process. The significance in procedure and preparation for the courts is addressed describing concerns for both prosecution and defence. Trends in both past and current development are analyzed and correlated to future technologies.
Essentiality of Manganese for Bone Health: An Overview and Update (2021)

The evidence regarding a deficiency of manganese (Mn) in humans is scarce. So the aim of this narrative review was to consider the state of the art on the relation between manganese and bone health in humans and the effectiveness of manganese supplementation (alone or with other micronutrients) on bone mineralization. This review included 4 eligible studies. All the literature published is in agreement in showing that osteoporotic women have lower serum Mn levels than women with normal bone mineral density, thus confirming the essential role of manganese in the synthesis of cartilage and bone collagen, as well as in bone mineralization and confirming the studies on the animal model. Considering the human studies that evaluated the effectiveness of an oral Mn supplement for a long period (2 years) on the bone mineral density of menopausal women, both of the clinical trials showed that bone loss was significantly greater in the placebo group than in the group taking supplementation, equal to 5.0 mg Mn/day in the study by Strause, and equal to 2.5 mg Mn/day in the study by Saltman, considering, however, that supplementation was represented by a set of microelements (Mn, copper, and zinc) and by calcium.
The anti-borreliae efficacy of phytochemicals and micronutrients: an update (2016)

Naturally occurring substances have been used for centuries to fight against various pathogens. They serve as a source for new chemical entities or provide options to already existing therapeutics. While there is an increasing interest in studying antimicrobial properties of naturally derived agents, little is known about their effects against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the causative pathogens of Lyme disease. A better understanding of this aspect could advance knowledge about pathophysiology of these bacteria and help improve the efficacy of current approaches against Lyme disease. Here, we review all naturally occurring substances scientifically evaluated to date, including plant extracts, their metabolites, and micronutrients, against vegetative (spirochetes) and latent (rounded bodies, biofilm) forms of Borrelia sp. This summary reveals the potent anti-borreliae activity of several of these natural compounds indicating their potential in enhancing the efficacy of current treatments for Lyme disease, and offering new options to already existing therapeutic regiments.
The Practical Combination of Air Navigation Techniques (1956)

Neither airborne self-contained nor ground-based air-navigation systems can by themselves completely meet the requirements of present day aircraft for both accuracy and continuity or positional and steering data. It is shown how dead-reckoning, providing continuity and reliability through the use of air-derived acceleration or velocity data, combined with intermittent ``fixing'' by employment of accurate position data obtained through the use of ground and stellar referenced sources, can increase operational capability without ``pressing the state of the art'' in any of the components of a system. Methods of inserting position fixes and of instrumenting the associated wind-computation and wind-memory functions are described and system errors are analyzed.
Non‐synaptic receptors and transporters involved in brain functions and targets of drug treatment (2010)

Beyond direct synaptic communication, neurons are able to talk to each other without making synapses. They are able to send chemical messages by means of diffusion to target cells via the extracellular space, provided that the target neurons are equipped with high-affinity receptors. While synaptic transmission is responsible for the 'what' of brain function, the 'how' of brain function (mood, attention, level of arousal, general excitability, etc.) is mainly controlled non-synaptically using the extracellular space as communication channel. It is principally the 'how' that can be modulated by medicine. In this paper, we discuss different forms of non-synaptic transmission, localized spillover of synaptic transmitters, local presynaptic modulation and tonic influence of ambient transmitter levels on the activity of vast neuronal populations. We consider different aspects of non-synaptic transmission, such as synaptic-extrasynaptic receptor trafficking, neuron-glia communication and retrograde signalling. We review structural and functional aspects of non-synaptic transmission, including (i) anatomical arrangement of non-synaptic release sites, receptors and transporters, (ii) intravesicular, intra- and extracellular concentrations of neurotransmitters, as well as the spatiotemporal pattern of transmitter diffusion. We propose that an effective general strategy for efficient pharmacological intervention could include the identification of specific non-synaptic targets and the subsequent development of selective pharmacological tools to influence them.
Supplementary Methods from Quantifying the Activity of Adenoviral E1A CR2 Deletion Mutants Using <i>Renilla</i> Luciferase Bioluminescence and 3′-Deoxy-3′-[<sup>18</sup>F]Fluorothymidine Positron Emission Tomography Imaging (2023)

Supplementary Methods from Quantifying the Activity of Adenoviral E1A CR2 Deletion Mutants Using &lt;i&gt;Renilla&lt;/i&gt; Luciferase Bioluminescence and 3′-Deoxy-3′-[&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]Fluorothymidine Positron Emission Tomography Imaging
A Streamwise Upwind Algorithm Applied to Vortical flow over a Delta Wing (1990)

Improvements have been made to a streamwise upwind algorithm so that it can be used for calculating flows with vortices. A calculation is shown of flow over a delta wing at an angle of attack. The laminar, thin-layer, Navier-Stokes equations are used for the calculation. The results are compared with another upwind method, a central-differencing method, and experimental data. The present method shows improvements in accuracy and convergence properties.
Suppl Figure 3 from FSTL1 Promotes Metastasis and Chemoresistance in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma through NFκB–BMP Signaling Cross-talk (2023)

&lt;p&gt;FSTL1(+) cells in ESCC clinical samples that received (with treatment, n = 22) or did not receive (without treatment, n = 15) chemotherapy treatment prior to resection, as detected by IHC analyses.&lt;/p&gt;
Solid-state nanopore localization by controlled breakdown of selectively thinned membranes (2017)

We demonstrate precise positioning of nanopores fabricated by controlled breakdown (CBD) on solid-state membranes by spatially varying the electric field strength with localized membrane thinning. We show 100 × 100 nm<sup>2</sup> precision in standard SiN <sub>x</sub> membranes (30-100 nm thick) after selective thinning by as little as 25% with a helium ion beam. Control over nanopore position is achieved through the strong dependence of the electric field-driven CBD mechanism on membrane thickness. Confinement of pore formation to the thinned region of the membrane is confirmed by TEM imaging and by analysis of DNA translocations. These results enhance the functionality of CBD as a fabrication approach and enable the production of advanced nanopore devices for single-molecule sensing applications.
Generation of Rate-of-Injection (ROI) profile for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) using machine learning (2022)

Injector configuration and spray characteristics are important parameters that define diesel combustion and emissions performance. One of the critical spray inputs is the Rate-of-Injection (ROI) profile. The ROI profile depends on the spray's operating conditions, including nozzle geometry (e.g., nozzle diameter), injection pressure, and injection duration. Besides, the internal nozzle flow phenomenon and external ambient conditions can further impact fuel introduction characteristics. This study measured the ROI profile of a heavy-duty (multi-hole) diesel injector using the Bosch tube technique. Injection pressure and injection duration were varied from 600 to 2600 bar and 0.5–3.0 ms, respectively. After post-processing, measurement data were then used to train numerical models, including a developed machine learning (ML) model that can create very similar ROI profiles with experimental data. Next, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation used the ROI profile generated by ML model. For comparison, there are other simplified ROI profiles used in similar CFD simulation configuration. Results showed that the any difference in ROI profiles could affect the combustion and emissions significantly. This further emphasizes the need to provide high-fidelity spray input in terms of ROI profile for CFD simulation. The current ML model can deliver a realistic ROI profile for any given rail pressure and injection duration.
Ein neuer Zugang zu hoch enantiomerenangereicherten (Z)‐(1‐Methyl‐2‐butenyl)boronsäureestern (1990)

Es ist sicher ein Glückstreffer , daß der chirale Borsäureester 2 aus einem racemischen Gemisch der Grignard‐Verbindung 1 , die eine fluktuierende Struktur hat, mit hoher kinetischer Diastereoselektivität gerade ein Isomer „herausfischt”︁. Bei der Reaktion zum Boronsäureester 3 handelt es sich um eine neuartige Kombination einer Racemisierung durch 1,3‐Metallotropie mit einer kinetischen Racematspaltung. magnified image
Circulating chemokine ligand levels before and after successful kidney transplantation (2016)

End stage kidney disease is associated with enhanced circulating inflammatory chemokine levels. Stable kidney transplantation is associated with 1) lowered burden of circulating inflammatory chemokine levels and, 2) elevation in the pro T-helper2 chemokine, CCL26 and the homeostatic CXCL13.
Synthesis and Micellar Characterization of Novel Amphiphilic A−B−A Triblock Copolymers of N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide or N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone with Poly(ε-caprolactone) (2002)

Two novel A−B−A type amphiphilic triblock copolymers, namely poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (PHPMA-b-PCL-b-PHPMA) and poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP-b-PCL-b-PVP), were synthesized and characterized. These polymers were prepared by free radical polymerization of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in the presence of a novel biodegradable, macromolecular chain-transferring agent, α,ω-poly(ε-caprolactone) dithiol (HS-PCL-SH). All triblock copolymers self-assembled in aqueous solutions to form supramolecular aggregates of 30−200 nm size. The critical aggregation concentration of the polymers ranged from 1 to 4 mg/L. The partition equilibrium constant (Kv) of pyrene in the hydrophobic core of micelles was comprised between 2.5 × 105 and 4.2 × 105. The triblock copolymer micelles were loaded by a dialysis procedure with 1−4% (w/w) of two model poorly water-soluble drugs, i.e., doxorubicin and amphotericin B. These triblock copolymers could prove useful as nanocarriers for the solubilization and transport of hydrophobic drugs. The bifunctional macromolecular chain-transferring agent reported in this work can also find application in the synthesis of a variety of novel A−B−A type biodegradable triblock copolymers.
Nitrogen Dilution Curves and Nitrogen Use Efficiency During Winter–Spring Growth of Annual Ryegrass (2004)

For some species, mathematical models have been developed to describe tissue N dilution during crop growth and to estimate the plant N status applying the N nutrition index (NNI), the ratio between the actual tissue N concentration and the tissue N concentration needed to obtain the maximum instantaneous crop growth rate (critical tissue N concentration). The objectives of this work were (i) to obtain the critical N dilution curve (NDC) for annual ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.) corresponding to late winter and early spring growth, (ii) to compare it with NDCs obtained by other authors, (iii) to estimate the NNI for different levels of N fertilization, and (iv) to determine the apparent N use efficiency (NUE) and its components: N uptake efficiency (NUpE) and N conversion efficiency (NCE). Experiments were established in 1994 and 1995 to evaluate impacts of six N fertilization levels (0–250 kg N ha −1 ) applied at the end of winter. Fertilization significantly increased forage dry matter (DM) and N accumulation in both years. A fitted critical NDC [ N cr (g kg −1 ) = 40.73DM (t ha −1 ) −0.379 ; r 2 = 0.69] presented lower values than a published reference NDC. The NNIs calculated using the critical NDC showed higher values at higher N fertilization levels. The validity of the critical NDC and the usefulness of the NNIs should be tested in further experiments. High NUE values were observed in both years (44.20 and 52.21 kg DM kg −1 N applied in 1994 and 1995, respectively) although NUpE and NCE values varied between experiments.
A performance study of selective cell discarding using the end-of-packet indicator in AAL type 5 (2002)

The ATM adaptation layer type 5 (AAL5) is a new adaptation layer protocol for the ATM layer of broadband integrated services digital networks. Among several features, it is unique in the sense that it includes an end-of-packet (EOP) indicator in the header of the ATM cell (the ATM-layer-user-to-ATM-layer-user (AUU) parameter in the payload type (PT) field). It was previously suggested that the use of this indicator may be used to provide a means by which buffer occupancy can be reduced by dropping cells from already incomplete packets (Armitage, 1993). The objective of this paper is to study the performance of this layer and the effectiveness of the EOP indicator. The performance measures of interest are the probability of packet loss and the mean packet delay. An approximate analytical model is constructed in which the blocking of a tagged source is kept track of in an exact manner. The rest of the sources are modeled approximately. The accuracy of the model is enhanced through an iterative approach. A simulation model is also constructed to assess the accuracy of the approximate model.
Involvement of caveolae in the uptake of respiratory syncytial virus antigen by dendritic cells (1999)

The uptake of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antigen by cattle dendritic cells was investigated. Pathways of antigen uptake were monitored by flow cytometry using specific tracers and by proliferation assays, which were used to measure the presentation of RSV antigen and ovalbumin. Inhibitors that differentially affected pathways were used to distinguish them. Presentation of RSV antigen, but not ovalbumin, was inhibited by phorbol myristate acetate and filipin, which have been reported to inhibit caveolae, but not by cytochalasin D, amiloride, or mannose. These inhibitors have been reported to block macropinocytosis and other actin-dependent uptake mechanisms, endocytic pathways involving clathrin-coated pits, and the mannose receptor. Furthermore, co-localization of RSV antigen and caveolae was observed by confocal microscopy. Thus, the major route for uptake of RSV antigen by cattle dendritic cells is one mediated by caveolae, adding a pathway of antigen uptake by dendritic cells to those established.
Leveraging multi-shell diffusion for studies of brain development in youth and young adulthood (2020)

Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) has advanced our understanding of brain microstructure evolution over development. Recently, the use of multi-shell diffusion imaging sequences has coincided with advances in modeling the diffusion signal, such as Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) and Laplacian-regularized Mean Apparent Propagator MRI (MAPL). However, the relative utility of recently-developed diffusion models for understanding brain maturation remains sparsely investigated. Additionally, despite evidence that motion artifact is a major confound for studies of development, the vulnerability of metrics derived from contemporary models to in-scanner motion has not been described. Accordingly, in a sample of 120 youth and young adults (ages 12-30) we evaluated metrics derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), NODDI, and MAPL for associations with age and in-scanner head motion at multiple scales. Specifically, we examined mean white matter values, white matter tracts, white matter voxels, and connections in structural brain networks. Our results revealed that multi-shell diffusion imaging data can be leveraged to robustly characterize neurodevelopment, and demonstrate stronger age effects than equivalent single-shell data. Additionally, MAPL-derived metrics were less sensitive to the confounding effects of head motion. Our findings suggest that multi-shell imaging data and contemporary modeling techniques confer important advantages for studies of neurodevelopment.
Starches, Sugars and Obesity (2011)

The rising prevalence of obesity, not only in adults but also in children and adolescents, is one of the most important public health problems in developed and developing countries. As one possible way to tackle obesity, a great interest has been stimulated in understanding the relationship between different types of dietary carbohydrate and appetite regulation, body weight and body composition. The present article reviews the conclusions from recent reviews and meta-analyses on the effects of different starches and sugars on body weight management and metabolic disturbances, and provides an update of the most recent studies on this topic. From the literature reviewed in this paper, potential beneficial effects of intake of starchy foods, especially those containing slowly-digestible and resistant starches, and potential detrimental effects of high intakes of fructose become apparent. This supports the intake of whole grains, legumes and vegetables, which contain more appropriate sources of carbohydrates associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases, rather than foods rich in sugars, especially in the form of sugar-sweetened beverages.
Dual effect of the novel peptide antagonist K‐14585 on proteinase‐activated receptor‐2‐mediated signalling (2009)

These data reveal that K-14585 has a duality of action functioning both as an antagonist and agonist due to either partial agonist actions or possible agonist-directed signalling. The data also suggest two modes of p38 MAP kinase activation emanating from PAR(2), one G(q/11)-dependent and the other G(q/11)-independent.
Fluorescent Nanodiamond–Nanogels for Nanoscale Sensing and Photodynamic Applications (2020)

Fluorescent nanodiamonds (NDs) are carbon-based nanoparticles with various outstanding magneto-optical properties. After preparation, NDs have a variety of different surface groups that determine their physicochemical properties. For biological applications, surface modifications are crucial to impart a new interphase for controlled interactions with biomolecules or cells. Herein, a straight-forward synthesis concept denoted "adsorption-crosslinking" is applied for the efficient modification of NDs, which sequentially combines fast non-covalent adsorption based on electrostatic interactions and subsequent covalent cross-linking. As a result, a very thin and uniform nanogel coating surrounding the NDs is obtained, which imparts reactive groups as well as high colloidal stability. The impact of the reaction time, monomer concentration, molecular weight, and structure of the cross-linker on the resulting nanogel shell, the availability of reactive chemical surface functions and the quantum sensing properties of the coated NDs has been assessed and optimized. Post-modification of the nanogel-coated NDs was achieved with phototoxic ruthenium complexes yielding ND-based probes suitable for photodynamic applications. The adsorption-crosslinking ND functionalization reported herein provides new avenues towards functional probes and traceable nanocarriers for high resolution bioimaging, nanoscale sensing and photodynamic applications. &lt;br&gt;