gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional MRI of large scale activity in behaving mice (2020)

ABSTRACT Behaviour involves complex dynamic interactions across many brain regions. Detecting whole-brain activity in mice performing sophisticated behavioural tasks could facilitate insights into distributed processing underlying behaviour, guide local targeting, and help bridge the disparate spatial scales between rodent and human studies. Here, we present a comprehensive approach for recording brain-wide activity with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) compatible with a wide range of behavioural paradigms and neuroscience questions. We introduce hardware and procedural advances to allow multi-sensory, multi-action behavioural paradigms in the scanner. We identify signal artefacts arising from task-related body movements and propose novel strategies to reduce them. We validate and explore our approach in a 4-odour classical conditioning and a visually-guided operant task, illustrating how it can be used to extract information so far inaccessible to rodent behaviour studies. Our work paves the way for future studies combining fMRI and local circuit techniques during complex behaviour to tackle multi-scale behavioural neuroscience questions.
Methyliodid als Quelle für CH2: zwei Wege zur Erzeugung 1,1‐disubstituierter Butatriene in der Koordinationssphäre eines Übergangsmetalls (1996)

Die Addition einer CH 2 ‐Gruppe an das α‐C‐Atom der Metallacumuleneinheit RhCCC(R)Ph gelingt sowohl mit CH 2 N 2 (1 → 2) als auch überraschenderweise mit CH 3 I (1 → 3). Das freie Butatrien H 2 CCCC(rBu)Ph entsteht aus 2(R = t Bu) und CO. Analog sind aus den Allenkomplexen trans ‐[RhCl{(1,2‐η)‐ H 2 C′C 2 C 3 (R)Ph}(PiPr 3 ) 2 ], die aus 1 (R = Ph, CF 3 ) durch Hydrierung hergestellt werden, und CO die Allene H 2 C–C–C(R)Ph erhältlich. L = PiPr 3 . magnified image
Microstructure of Built Part Obtained by Powder Bed Fusion Process with Metal (2019)

The influence of various process parameters on the building of maraging steel powder by the selective laser melting (SLM) processes is investigated. The microstructure in the built part was observed and the influence of the heat treatment was evaluated. As results, the depth of solidified layer was higher than that of deposited metal powder, and its value was influenced with the process parameters. The microstructure in the boundary between the built part and the substrate was quite different from the built part even if the suitable heat treatment was performed.
Facile in situ synthesis of copper nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (2014)

A facile<italic>in situ</italic>procedure has been successfully applied for synthesis of a RGO/Cu nanocomposite, which leads to the highest catalytic activity of Cu nanocatalysts up to now for the dehydrogenation of ammonia borane.
Intermolecular Photocatalytic Chemo‐, Stereo‐ and Regioselective Thiol–Yne–Ene Coupling Reaction (2022)

Abstract The first example of an intermolecular thiol–yne–ene coupling reaction is reported for the one‐pot construction of C−S and C−C bonds. Thiol–yne–ene coupling opens a new dimension in building molecular complexity to access densely functionalized products. The employment of Eosin Y/DBU/MeOH photocatalytic system suppresses hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and associative reductant upconversion (via C−S three‐electron σ‐bond formation). Investigation of the reaction mechanism by combining online ESI‐UHRMS, EPR spectroscopy, isotope labeling, determination of quantum yield, cyclic voltammetry, Stern–Volmer measurements and computational modeling revealed a unique photoredox cycle with four radical‐involving stages. As a result, previously unavailable products of the thiol–yne–ene reaction were obtained in good yields with high selectivity. They can serve as stable precursors for synthesizing synthetically demanding activated 1,3‐dienes.
Electrocardiographic and Clinical Characteristics of Idiopathic Restrictive Cardiomyopathy in Children (2007)

Obliquely elevated ST-T segments and the late peak T wave on ECG are characteristic, and reflect the restrictive physiology, which may indicate abnormalities of repolarization of ventricular muscle. The mode of death was either heart failure from pulmonary hypertension or sudden death from presumed ventricular arrhythmia.
Factor-Analysis Methods for Higher-Performance Neural Prostheses (2009)

Neural prostheses aim to provide treatment options for individuals with nervous-system disease or injury. It is necessary, however, to increase the performance of such systems before they can be clinically viable for patients with motor dysfunction. One performance limitation is the presence of correlated trial-to-trial variability that can cause neural responses to wax and wane in concert as the subject is, for example, more attentive or more fatigued. If a system does not properly account for this variability, it may mistakenly interpret such variability as an entirely different intention by the subject. We report here the design and characterization of factor-analysis (FA)-based decoding algorithms that can contend with this confound. We characterize the decoders (classifiers) on experimental data where monkeys performed both a real reach task and a prosthetic cursor task while we recorded from 96 electrodes implanted in dorsal premotor cortex. The decoder attempts to infer the underlying factors that comodulate the neurons' responses and can use this information to substantially lower error rates (one of eight reach endpoint predictions) by <or=75% (e.g., approximately 20% total prediction error using traditional independent Poisson models reduced to approximately 5%). We also examine additional key aspects of these new algorithms: the effect of neural integration window length on performance, an extension of the algorithms to use Poisson statistics, and the effect of training set size on the decoding accuracy of test data. We found that FA-based methods are most effective for integration windows >150 ms, although still advantageous at shorter timescales, that Gaussian-based algorithms performed better than the analogous Poisson-based algorithms and that the FA algorithm is robust even with a limited amount of training data. We propose that FA-based methods are effective in modeling correlated trial-to-trial neural variability and can be used to substantially increase overall prosthetic system performance.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF RF IMPEDANCE AND DC CONDUCTANCE MEASUREMENTS FOR SINGLE-KERNEL MOISTURE DETERMINATION IN CORN (1991)

ABSTRACT Two electrical measurement techniques for rapidly detemiining the moisture content of individual kernels of com, Zea mays L., were compared directly with an oven drying reference method. One was a dc conductance measurement on kernels as they passed between cmshing-roller electrodes. The other involved a radio-frequency (RF) complex impedance measurement on a parallel-plate capacitor with the kemel between the plates. Twenty-kernel samples from bands around the corn ear, near the butt, midsection, and tip, were measured from ears of several moisture levels ranging between 12 and 40%, wet basis, for four yellow-dent field com hybrids that dried naturally in the fields in Illinois and Nebraska. Both techniques provided reliable kemel moisture contents, independent of kemel size, with standard errors of performance of 0.6 and 0.7% moisture content for the cmshing-roller conductance and parallel-plate impedance methods, respectively, and can therefore be recommended for practical application. KEYWORDS. Com, Moisture content.
Inter-wavelength-band conversions and demultiplexings of 640 Gbit/s OTDM signals (2002)

We have experimentally demonstrated 640 Gbit/s OTDM signals inter-wavelength-band conversions between C- and L-band accompanied by 640-to-10 Gbit/s OTDM DEMUX. By use of HNL-DSFs, almost pulse broadening-free, highly efficient wavelength-band conversions were successfully demonstrated at BERs less than 10/sup -9/. This scheme would be a key technology in wavelength-band path routing in hierarchical hybrid OTDM/WDM networks.
Session details: Session 10: Multimedia Quality Perception (2015)

No abstract available.
Kinetic effects in protein crystals. II. Geometry and misalignment tolerance with experimental results (1995)

For part I see ibid., vol. 28, pp. 1384-92 (1995). A geometric model for protein crystallization and attachment kinetics is considered. The tolerance for misalignment is found for random versus preferred orientation. The protein growth unit can either be modelled as a sphere or as a rough and stringy fractal. It is found that the larger surface area available for a fractal makes its attachment orientation more critical than for a solidly modelled protein. The magnitude of such tolerance increases threefold compared with a simple sphere. The probability of successful (aligned) binding varies as the exponential of the number of attachment sites, so larger protein building blocks place a premium on correct orientation. Larger proteins (more residues) or oligomeric growth units are thus predicted to show marked sensitivity to solution conditions that favour or disfavour preferred orientation. For an octameric (N=8) fractal aggregate, these tolerances reach a 1000-fold narrowing compared with single molecular spheres. Very weak electric fields (V) as low as 50D2, where D is the surface diffusion coefficient, are found to be of the same order of magnitude as the randomizing surface diffusion and thus offer one experimentally realizable condition for setting a particular molecular alignment. In conclusion, protein geometry is found to be a significant factor in determining crystallization and attachment kinetics in solution-sensitive growth.
Natural genetic variability reduces recalcitrance in poplar (2016)

Glucan yields from high severity HTPH of rare natural poplar variants with reduced lignin content were significantly higher than from the high lignin comparator. Because of the significant effect of processing conditions on the performance rankings, selection of the best performing biofuel feedstocks should be based on sugar yields tested at conditions that represent industrial practice. From a feedstock perspective, the most consistent variants, SKWE-24-2 and GW-11012, provide key insights into the genetic improvement of versatile lignocellulosic biofuels feedstock varieties.
S. 18 de marzo de 2005: Donación de cosa futura. Impugnación de la validez de una donación de acciones suscritas en aumento de capital no inscrito en el Registro Mercantil (art. 62 LSA). (2005)

Donacion de cosa futura. Impugnacion de la validez de una donacion de acciones suscritas en aumento de capital no inscrito en el Registro Mercantil (art. 62 LSA).
Plasma exchange does not improve survival in a canine model of human septic shock (1993)

Whether plasma exchange would improve survival in antibiotic-treated canines with septic shock was investigated. Escherichia coli O86H8 (1.4 X 10(10)) was surgically implanted as an intraperitoneal clot in 18 two-year-old (10-12 kg) purpose-bred beagles. Beginning 4 hours after surgery, all animals received cefoxitin and gentamicin for 5 days. Three treatment groups were defined: 1) a no apheresis, or control group, (n = 6); 2) a sham apheresis group, whose whole blood plasma was removed, separated, and then transfused (n = 6); and 3) a plasma exchange group from whom blood and plasma were removed and separated, to whom the blood was returned, and in whom infected plasma was replaced with compatible fresh-frozen canine plasma (n = 6). For the sham apheresis and plasma exchange groups, a commercial blood cell processor was used to separate 1.5 blood volumes of plasma at 5 and 24 hours after surgery. Serial radionuclide left ventricular ejection fractions and femoral and pulmonary arterial catheter hemodynamics were measured simultaneously in awake animals. All six animals in the plasma exchange group died. In both the sham and control groups, only one of six animals survived. Survival times were ordered (median in hours) (control [372 h] > sham apheresis [48 h] > plasma exchange [24 h] [p < 0.038]). Decreases in mean cardiac index and mean arterial pressure (from before apheresis to after) at 5 to 7 hours after surgery were ordered (plasma exchange > sham apheresis > control; p < 0.03). Thus, plasma exchange in this controlled trial of septic shock was associated with decreased survival and worsened hemodynamics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Genetic engineering of poplar to improve Kraft pulping (2000)

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Removing degeneracies by perturbing the problem or the world (1997)

International audience
Novel Experimental-Computational Method for Quantitative Applications in Electronic Packaging (2001)

Abstract Rapid advances in microelectronics require design and optimization of components and packages, for new and ever more demanding applications, in relatively short periods of time while satisfying electrical, thermal, and mechanical specifications, as well as cost and manufacturability expectations. In addition, reliability and durability have to be taken into consideration. As a consequence, some of the most sophisticated analytical, computational, and experimental methods are being used for development, optimization, and quantitative characterization of electronic packages. In this paper, a novel experimental-computational method, based on combined use of recent advances in laser-based optics and computational modeling, is described and its application is demonstrated by case studies of microelectronic components subjected to electro-thermo-mechanical loads. Results of these studies show that this methodology provides an effective engineering tool for nondestructive testing (NDT) applications in electronic packaging and provides indispensable quantitative data for development, optimization, and applications in electronic packaging.
Contact stresses in the knee during walking and squatting (2002)

In this study, five cadaver knees and one total knee prostheses underwent biomechanical testing from which were measured the contact stress in the loaded joint in positions simulating the various weight-bearing phases during walking, and deep flexion angles in squatting.
Camaronesite, [Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4)·1–2H2O, a new phosphate-sulfate from the Camarones Valley, Chile, structurally related to taranakite (2013)

Abstract Camaronesite (IMA 2012-094), [Fe 3+ (H 2 O) 2 (PO 3 OH)] 2 (SO 4 )·1–2H 2 O, is a new mineral from near the village of Cuya in the Camarones Valley, Arica Province, Chile. The mineral is a low-temperature, secondary mineral occurring in a sulfate assemblage with anhydrite, botryogen, chalcanthite, copiapite, halotrichite, hexahydrite, hydroniumjarosite, pyrite, römerite, rozenite and szomolnokite. Lavender-coloured crystals up to several mm across form dense intergrowths. More rarely crystals occur as drusy aggregates of tablets up to 0.5 mm in diameter and 0.02 mm thick. Tablets are flattened on {001} and exhibit the forms {001}, {104}, {015} and {018}. The mineral is transparent with white streak and vitreous lustre. The Mohs hardness is 2½, the tenacity is brittle and the fracture is irregular, conchoidal and stepped. Camaronesite has one perfect cleavage on {001}. The measured and calculated densities are 2.43(1) and 2.383 g/cm 3 , respectively. The mineral is optically uniaxial (+) with ω = 1.612(1) and ε = 1.621(1) (white light). The pleochroism is O (pale lavender) &gt; E (colourless). Electron-microprobe analyses provided Fe 2 O 3 31.84, P 2 O 5 29.22, SO 3 15.74, H 2 O 23.94 (based on O analyses), total 100.74 wt.%. The empirical formula (based on 2 P a.p.f.u.) is: Fe 1.94 (PO 3 OH) 2 (S 0.96 O 4 )(H 2 O) 4 ·1.46H 2 O. The mineral is slowly soluble in concentrated HCl and extremely slowly soluble in concentrated H 2 SO 4 . Camaronesite is trigonal, R32, with cell parameters:a = 9.0833(5), c = 42.944(3) Å, V = 3068.5(3) Å 3 and Z = 9. The eight strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are [ d obs Å (I)(hkl) ]: 7.74(45)(101), 7.415(100)(012), 4.545(72)(110), 4.426(26)(018), 3.862(32)(021,202,116), 3.298(93)(027,119), 3.179(25)(208) and 2.818(25)(1·1·12,125). In the structure of camaronesite ( R 1 = 2.28% for 1138 F o &gt; 4σ F ), three types of Fe octahedra are linked by corner sharing with (PO3OH) tetrahedra to form polyhedral layers perpendicular to c with composition [Fe 3+ (H 2 O) 2 (PO 3 OH)]. Two such layers are joined through SO 4 tetrahedra (in two half-occupied orientations) to form thick slabs of composition [Fe 3+ (H 2 O) 2 (PO 3 OH)] 2 (SO 4 ). Between the slabs are partially occupied H 2 O groups. The only linkages between the slabs are hydrogen bonds. The most distinctive component in the structure consists of two Fe octahedra linked to one another by three PO 4 tetrahedra yielding an [Fe 2 (PO 4 ) 3 ] unit. This unit is also the key component in the sodium super-ionic conductor (NASICON) structure and has been referred to as the lantern unit. The polyhedral layers in the structure of camaronesite are similar to those in the structure of taranakite. The Raman spectrum exhibits peaks consistent with sulfate, phosphate, water and OH groups.
Magnesium sulfate and digitalis-toxic arrhythmias (1983)

Seven patients with congestive heart failure receiving long-term diuretic treatment (more than three years) experienced idionodal tachycardia in the presence of apparently normal serum digoxin levels. Intravenous bolus administration of magnesium (Mg) sulfate, followed by intramuscular Mg repletion, abolished the digitalis-toxic arrhythmia. The finding of decreased lymphocyte Mg and potassium contents proved the existence of cellular Mg depletion associated with normal serum Mg levels in five patients and with hypomagnesemia in the other two. Decreased cellular Mg content with normal serum Mg level predisposes to digitalis-toxic arrhythmias. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:2808-2810)
Development of Vapor Phase Hydrogen Peroxide Sterilization Process for Spacecraft Applications (2001)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In order to meet microbial reduction requirements for all Mars in-situ life detection and sample return missions, entire planetary spacecraft (including planetary entry probes and planetary landing capsules) may have to be exposed to a qualified sterilization process. At JPL, we are developing a low temperature (~45°C) vapor phase hydrogen peroxide sterilization process. This process is currently being used by the medical industry and its effectiveness is well established.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In order to effectively and safely apply this technology to sterilize a spacecraft, which is made out of various man-made materials and electronic circuit boards, the following technical issues need to be resolved: &lt;ol class="list nostyle"&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt; &lt;span class="li-label"&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Efficacy of sterilization process.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt; &lt;span class="li-label"&gt;2.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Diffusion of H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; under sterilization process conditions into hard to reach places.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt; &lt;span class="li-label"&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Materials and components compatibility with the sterilization process.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li class="list-item"&gt; &lt;span class="li-label"&gt;4.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Development of methodology to protect (isolate) sensitive components (i.e. electronic ) from H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; vapor.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper will present test data and discussion on the work we are conducting at JPL to address these issues.&lt;/div&gt;
A non‐coaxial constitutive model for sand deformation under rotation of principal stress axes (2007)

Abstract A constitutive model for the simulation of non‐coaxiality, an aspect of anisotropic behavior of sand subjected to the rotation of the principal stress axes, is presented in this paper. Experimental studies have shown that non‐coaxiality or non‐coincidence of principal plastic strain increments with principal stress axes under loadings involving the rotation of principal stress axes may be considerable. Besides, the rotation of the principal stress axes results in dramatic effects on stiffness and dilatant behavior of sand. Therefore, the consequences of principal stress axes rotation on deformational behavior, dilatancy and soil stiffness must be taken into account in theoretical and practical problems. To this aim, the following steps are taken: (1) A general relationship for flow direction with respect to possibility of non‐coaxial flow is developed. Moreover, special circumstances linking non‐coaxiality to instantaneous interaction between loading and soil fabric are proposed. (2) Proposing novel expressions for plastic modulus and dilatancy function, the model is enforced to provide realistic simulations when sand is subjected to the rotation of the principal stress axes. Finally, with numerous examples and comparisons, the model capabilities are shown under various stress paths and drainage conditions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Facial Amphiphilicity-Induced Self-Assembly (FAISA) of Amphiphilic Copolymers (2019)

Amphiphilic molecules, including macromolecules and small surfactants, inherently self-assemble into a wide variety of nanostructures in selective solvents. However, the sequential structure for synthetic polymers is largely restricted to block copolymers. In this work, we report facial amphiphilicity-induced self-assembly (FAISA) of gradient amphiphilic copolymers. This new approach is demonstrated using facial amphiphilic multicyclic compounds. The facial amphiphilicity of bile acids allows cationic copolymers to form aggregates with different morphologies in aqueous solution. By tuning the compositions of hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments, these copolymers can self-assemble in water to produce spherical, vesicle, and rodlike nanostructures via supramolecular and electrostatic interactions. The hydrophobic interaction from multicyclic hydrocarbon moieties largely dictates the self-assembly process, which can be further modulated by integrating neutral hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) in copolymer compositions with additional stimuli such as temperature, charge density, and ionic screening.
Quantisation effects in PDMM: A first study for synchronous distributed averaging (2017)

Large-scale networks of computing units, often characterised by the absence of central control, have become commonplace in many applications. To facilitate data processing in these large-scale networks, distributed signal processing is required. The iterative behaviour of distributed processing algorithms combined with energy, computational power, and bandwidth limitations imposed by such networks, place tight constraints on the transmission capacities of the individual nodes. In this paper we investigate the effects of subtractive dithered uniform quantisation in PDMM for the synchronous distributed averaging problem. This is done by deriving expressions for the mean squared error (MSE) that include quantisation noise. Also, the required data rate for quantised PDMM is considered. It was found that for practical applications quantisation in PDMM can be applied with a fixed-rate quantiser, such that significant data rate reduction can be achieved, without compromising the rate of convergence.