gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Redesign of a Multistage Axial Compressor for a Heavy Duty Industrial Gas Turbine (GT11NMC) (2005)

Different approaches to compressor design exist in industrial practice. This paper describes two design philosophies that can be followed with compressor development (re-staggering and new airfoil design), and reports on field experience gained with an advanced compressor design using CDA (Controlled Diffusion Airfoils) profiles. The first philosophy described is based on incremental changes of compressor design, consisting of keeping the same blade profiles and re-staggering a number of rotor blades and/or stator vanes. The second philosophy described is to utilize advanced CDA profiles in compressor design, optimized for increased mass-flow and backpressure. The second philosophy was followed in the development of a compressor upgrade for ALSTOM’s GT11NM gas turbines, where a significant increase in GT power output (exceeding 10%) and improved overall engine efficiency (+0.4% additive) at unchanged surge margin were achieved. Power output and improved efficiency resulted solely from the advanced blade design, requiring no additional power augmentation techniques. These figures were measured on a natural gas-fired GT operating in an open-cycle power plant.
<title>Optical localization for interactive, image-guided neurosurgery</title> (1994)

Interactive, image-guided (IIG) surgery requires three processes or devices: a 3-D spatial localizer, a technique for mapping physical space into image space, and the display of present surgical position onto medical images. A number of types of 3-D localizers have been tried including articulated arms, magnetic field sensors, and ultrasonic time-of-flight devices. Optical localization techniques have been suggested in the past but rejected due to problems with angular sensitivity, system size, and data rates. In this paper we present an optical localization device for use in neurosurgery that addresses those problems and provides an accurate, easy to use localizer that, when coupled to the IIG software and image display, allows for enhanced surgical guidance.
A Case Report of Hemodialysis Intolerance With Eosinophilia (2007)

We report the case of a patient who developed eosinophilia during hemodialysis and became intolerant to dialysis therapy. The patient, a 40-year-old woman, was initiated on hemodialysis for end-stage renal failure caused by chronic glomerulonephritis. After starting on dialysis, her eosinophil count gradually increased. During the ninth session, she developed abdominal pain of an unknown cause after approximately 1 h of dialysis. The symptom, which persisted in the following sessions, was considered to be a dialysis-related complication. We attempted different dialyzers and anticoagulants, but without improvement. The dialysis therapy was discontinued and steroid treatment was given. The hypereosinophilic condition improved rapidly and dialysis therapy was restarted successfully without causing abdominal pain. To investigate the cause of this problem, we measured the leukocyte count and anaphylatoxin C3a level in peripheral blood during dialysis, and compared the results before and after steroid treatment. The results showed that the significant decrease in the leukocyte count observed before steroid treatment was reduced to a mild decrease after steroid treatment. In contrast, C3a did not show a significant difference between the values obtained before and after steroid treatment. These findings suggest that eosinophilia played an important role in the etiology of dialysis intolerance and that C3a was not involved in the decrease in leukocytes under the conditions experienced by the present patient.
Lipopolysaccharide regulates thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression via TLR4/MAPK/Akt/NF‐κB‒signaling pathways in nasal fibroblasts: differential inhibitory effects of macrolide and corticosteroid (2020)

LPS induces TSLP production via the TLR4, MAPK, Akt, and NF-κB pathways. The effects of corticosteroids and macrolides are related to LPS-induced TSLP expression. We explored new treatment modalities targeting LPS-induced TSLP production that could replace the currently used corticosteroid and macrolides for treatment of CRS.
Client- Server Interactions in Multi-Server Operating Systems: The Mach-US Approach, (1994)

This paper describes requirements placed upon client-server interaction in a multi-server operating system and how to answer those requirements. Addressed are the problems of binding maintenance in the face of: remote method invocation, forking, binding transfer, authentication, asynchronous interruption, and client crashes. Design and implementation choices are analyzed. The solutions, used by the CMU Mach-US multi-server UNIX 4.3BSD emulation on the Mach3.0 kernel, are described. The lessons learned are applicable to multi-server OS design and should be applicable to object based systems that must resolve these binding problems in a micro kernel environment.
Free radical alkylation of adamantanes (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFree radical alkylation of adamantanesIwao Tabushi and Koushi FukunishiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 25, 3748–3750Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00939a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00939a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views227Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Link Level Study on LDM for Mixed Broadcast-Broadband Service Delivery in 5G (2023)

This paper addresses the use of Layered Division Multiplexing (LDM) as a method to deliver multiple services in 5G New Radio (NR). LDM is a technique that allows multiple services to be delivered over the same time-frequency resource by allocating transmission power between different layers. A two-layered LDM system can be implemented in 5G NR to deliver both Single Frequency Network (SFN) broadcast service and broadband service over a single time-frequency resource. The integration of 5G beamforming into LDM allows for the creation of sufficiently wide beams for SFN broadcast service and narrow beams for broadband service. Theoretical analysis and link level simulation demonstrate that this approach can provide both services with more spectral efficiency and energy saving.
Synthesis and Structure–Activity Relationships of Indazole Arylsulfonamides as Allosteric CC-Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) Antagonists (2013)

A series of indazole arylsulfonamides were synthesized and examined as human CCR4 antagonists. Methoxy- or hydroxyl-containing groups were the more potent indazole C4 substituents. Only small groups were tolerated at C5, C6, or C7, with the C6 analogues being preferred. The most potent N3-substituent was 5-chlorothiophene-2-sulfonamide. N1 meta-substituted benzyl groups possessing an α-amino-3-[(methylamino)acyl]-group were the most potent N1-substituents. Strongly basic amino groups had low oral absorption in vivo. Less basic analogues, such as morpholines, had good oral absorption; however, they also had high clearance. The most potent compound with high absorption in two species was analogue 6 (GSK2239633A), which was selected for further development. Aryl sulfonamide antagonists bind to CCR4 at an intracellular allosteric site denoted site II. X-ray diffraction studies on two indazole sulfonamide fragments suggested the presence of an important intramolecular interaction in the active conformation.
Feel-good touch (2008)

Earlier research has shown the benefits of tactile feedback for touch screen widgets in all metrics: performance, usability and user experience. In our current research the goal was to go deeper in understanding the characteristics of a tactile click for virtual buttons. More specifically we wanted to find a tactile click which is the most pleasant to use with a finger. We used two actuator solutions in a small mobile touch screen: piezo actuators or a standard vibration motor. We conducted three experiments: The first and second experiments aimed to find the most pleasant tactile feedback done with the piezo actuators or a vibration motor, respectively, and the third one combined and compared the results from the first two experiments. The results from the first two experiments showed significant differences for the perceived pleasantness of the tactile clicks, and we used these most pleasant clicks in the comparison experiment in addition to the condition with no tactile feedback. Our findings confirmed results from earlier studies showing that tactile feedback is superior to a nontactile condition when virtual buttons are used with the finger regardless of the technology behind the tactile feedback. Another finding suggests that the users perceived the feedback done with piezo actuators slightly more pleasant than the vibration motor based feedback, although not statistically significantly. These results indicate that it is possible to modify the characteristics of the virtual button tactile clicks towards the most pleasant ones, and on the other hand this knowledge can help designers to create better touch screen virtual buttons and keyboards.
Continuous Flow Synthesis of a Key 1,4-Benzoxazinone Intermediate via a Nitration/Hydrogenation/Cyclization Sequence (2016)

The preparation of a functionalized 4H-benzo-[1,4]-oxazin-3-one was completed via a three-step nitration/hydrogenation/cyclization sequence. The unstable nature of the nitro and amino intermediates, in addition to the hazards associated with the nitration of organic compounds in general, makes this procedure exceedingly difficult to perform on industrial scale. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a fully integrated continuous protocol in which the aromatic starting material (2,2-difluoro-2-(3-fluorophenoxy)-N,N-dimethylacetamide) is subjected to an initial continuous flow dinitration using 20% oleum in combination with 100% HNO3 (2.5 equiv) using a microstructured device heated to 60 °C. This was followed directly by continuous flow hydrogenation of the dinitrointermediate over a Pd/C fixed bed catalyst at 45 °C. The resulting air-sensitive diamino derivative was then directly cyclized to the desired 6-amino-2,2,7-trifluoro-4H-benzo-[1,4]-oxazin-3-one target compound via an acid-catalyzed cyclization step at 80 °C using a tubular reactor. Uninterrupted continuous flow processing was achieved by integrating liquid–liquid membrane separation technology and the inline removal of excess of hydrogen gas using gas permeable tubing into the process. The overall product yield for the continuous flow process was 83%, a significant increase compared to yield reported for the batch process (67%).
1D and 3D Sensitivity Analysis of an Airborne VCP TDEM System (2015)

Summary An airborne time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) system is currently under development. Its building setup would allow it to use a configuration that has, to our knowledge, never been used in airborne TDEM prospection. Both its transmitting and receiving coils can be simultaneously vertical, resulting in a vertical coplanar (VCP) configuration emitting and recording a horizontal EM field. The aim of the presented work is to determine the advantages and disadvantages of this kind of measure. First, a db/dt signal comparison shows that using VCP implies obtaining measures with a lower depth of investigation. This is due to the signal level and to the horizontal EM field noise level. Frequency electromagnetic (FEM) commonly uses both VCP and HCP (horizontal coplanar) configurations, with VCP usually giving better results in 3D anomalies detection. It can be wondered if the same observation can be made in TDEM. 3D forward modeling has been carried out to compare HCP and VCP sensitivities to a near-surface conductive formation. Results show that VCP has both a better sensitivity to this structure and a better lateral resolution in the flight direction. VCP, though inefficient for deep targets, could then be a way to improve near-surface TDEM prospection.
Brain-Inspired Image Quality Assessment Method based on Electroencephalography Feature Learning (2021)

With the explosion of multimedia data, quality of experience (QoE) has become a critical metric in multimedia transmission, and therefore, QoE-oriented image quality assess-ment (IQA) turns more important and urgent. However, the performance of the traditional user-based assessment methods is limited by the deviation caused by human cognitive activities. In this paper, we propose a brain-inspired IQA method based on electroencephalography (EEG) feature learning, which is a psychophysiological method for studying human perception for IQA. We first establish the EEG dataset by collecting the corresponding EEG signals when subjects watch distorted facial images and then design a siamese network to extract the EEG features that can distinguish image quality levels and measure user scores. The siamese network establishes the relationship between image quality and QoE that is reflected by the EEG scores. The relationship is then embedded into a prediction network that directly obtains the EEG scores from images with different qualities. In this way, EEG scores can be predicted through end-to-end learning. Experiment results show that our proposed method can not only better evaluate the perceptual quality of facial images and reflect real human perceptions but also achieve better score prediction performance on the facial image datasets.
Disruption of miR-200b Leads to Female Infertility. (2008)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 19-25nt non-coding RNAs and are reported to cleave or repress translation by binding to 3'-UTR of target mRNAs that have complementary sequence to "seed sequence" of miRNAs, This regulatory activity of miRNAs is indicated to play important roles in animals and plants. Recent evidences have shown that miRNA controls cell growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. In mammals, the role of miRNAs is indicated in a few miRNAs, but the understanding of a relationship between the impairment of miRNA and diseases in animals is not clearly demonstrated. In order to investigate the roles of miRNAs in reproduction, we were interested in studying miR-200b, which was indicated to be expressed in testis and ovary. Using homologous recombination technique, we established miR-200b knockout mouse lines. Intercrosses between heterozygous F1 mice yielded offspring that segregated in a Mendelian distribution, and homozygous mutant mice did not show any overt developmental abnormalities. However, it was found that miR-200b -/- female mice were nearly sterile, while male -/- mice showed normal fertilizing ability. The miR-200b disrupted females were able to mate and the plugs were formed after coitus but their mating behaviors were somewhat irregular by daily observation of plugs. To examine the oocyte from miR-200b disrupted mice, we tried to collect ovulated eggs from the oviducts on the day plug was formed. However, we failed to obtain any eggs from the oviducts from miR-200b disrupted females. However, when we tried to superovulate the miR-200b disrupted females with hormonal treatment, the females showed normal response to the treatment and we could obtain about 30 eggs per female as an average. It was apparent that the ovulation became aberrant in the miR-200b null females. Although miR-200b disrupted ovary which is one of the miR-200b expressed tissue has normal function. We therefore analyzed the expression of miR-200b in pituitary which plays an important role in regulating the ovulation. A strong expression of miR-200b was observed in pituitary while the expression was not detected in hypothalamus, and low expression of LH-β and Fsh-β mRNA were found in pituitary. These results indicated that miR-200b is an essential factor to maintain the ovulation in pituitary.
Use of Cis- and Trans-Ribozymes to Remove 5' and 3' Heterogeneities From Milligrams of In Vitro Transcribed RNA (1996)

In vitro transcription with phage T7 RNA polymerase is the method of choice for obtaining multi-milligram quantities of RNA for structural studies. However, run-off transcription with this enzyme results in molecules that are heterogeneous at their 3′-, and depending on template sequence, 5′-termini. For transcripts longer than ∼50 nucleotides (nt), these impurities cannot be removed by preparative purification techniques. Use of cis-delta, or trans-VS ribozymes allows preparation of homogeneous RNA with any 3′-terminal sequence. If present, 5′ heterogeneity can be overcome with a cis-hammerhead ribozyme. During the course of a structural investigation of Group II self-splicing introns, we sought to prepare a 70 nt RNA molecule comprising domains V and VI (d56) of the ai5γ intron (Fig. 1). Run-off transcription from a plasmid linearized with the restriction enzyme BsaI to generate a DNA terminus ...TAGCC-3′ on the template strand resulted in six to eight different molecules, the shortest of which (∼30% of the full-length transcript) is the desired product (Fig. 2, lane A). Although resolved on an analytical gel, these different molecules could not be separated on a preparative scale either by gel electrophoresis or chromatography, making the resulting RNA inadequate for biophysical studies. Addition of random nucleotides to the 3′-terminus of run-off transcripts by T7 RNA polymerase is well documented (1); we chose to use a ribozyme to cleave the 3′-end of our transcript to make it homogeneous. The hammerhead (HH) and hairpin ribozymes have been employed previously to cleave transcripts (2, and references therein). However, the well-characterized hammerhead has sequence requirements 5′ to the cleavage site that are incompatible with our desired product. This catalytic RNA needs the sequence UX (X G) to precede the cleavage site. The hairpin ribozyme, which needs (G/C/U)N instead, is prone to aberrant cleavage (2). Furthermore, when used to remove 3′-termini, both require sequence complementarity with nucleotides internal to the product, necessitating ribozymes of different sequence for cleaving different constructs. In contrast, the hepatitis delta virus ribozyme (δ) and the Neurospora Varkud satellite RNA ribozyme (VS) have minimal sequence requirements: δ will cut after any base other than G (3, and references therein), while VS will cleave efficiently after any base other than C (4). Thus, these two ribozymes used in concert should allow cleavage after any desired sequence. Figure 1. Schematic representation of the hammerhead-d56-VSsl construct. The sequences of domains V and VI are shown in upper case letters, in their conventional base-paired representation. The hammerhead ribozyme (HH) and VS ribozyme substrate stem–loop (VSsl) are in lower case. Bonds that are cleaved by the ribozymes are shown in broken lines. Note that the first 11 nt of domain V are complementary to a portion of HH. VSsl is longer than that of (4) because the template plasmid was linearized with BamHI rather than AvaI.
Analysis by Surface Plasmon Resonance of the Influence of Valence on the Ligand Binding Affinity and Kinetics of an Anti-carbohydrate Antibody (1996)

The kinetics of ligand binding by Se155-4, an antibody specific for the Salmonella serogroup B O-polysaccharide, were studied by surface plasmon resonance. Because trace amounts of oligomers in Fab and single-chain antibody variable domain (scFv) preparations resulted in biphasic binding profiles that were difficult to analyze, all kinetic measurements were performed on purified monomeric fragments and, for certain mutant scFv, dimeric forms. Results obtained with monomeric forms indicated that the relatively low affinity of the antibody was due to rapid dissociation (koff approximately 0.25 s-1). Dimeric forms generally showed off-rates that were approximately 20-fold slower and a 5-fold increase in association rate constants to approximately 2 x 10(5) M-1 s-1. Although the association phases for scFv dimers showed good curve fitting to a one component interaction model, the dissociation phases were biphasic, presumably because the availability and accessibility of sites on the antigen always leads to some monovalent attachment. The fast off-rate for dimers was the same as the monomer off-rate. Se155-4 IgG off-rates were very similar to those observed for scFv dimer, whereas the onrate was the same as that obtained with Fab and scFv monomer.
Cholesterol supply and SREBPs modulate transcription of the Niemann-Pick C-1 gene in steroidogenic tissues (2008)

We tested whether sterol-regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) mediate sterol-regulated transactivation of the Niemann-Pick C-1 (NPC-1) gene. Loading granulosa cells with 22- or 25-hydroxycholesterol decreased NPC-1 mRNA, whereas culturing in cholesterol-depleted medium or inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis increased NPC-1 promoter activity and NPC-1 mRNA abundance. Cotransfection of SREBP1a, SREBP1c, and SREBP2 and the NPC-1 promoter-luciferase reporter into granulosa cell lines increased the transcriptional activity of porcine, human, and mouse NPC-1 promoters. Deletion analysis of the 5' flanking region of the pig NPC-1 gene demonstrated significant promoter activity between fragments -934 and -636 bp upstream from the transcription initiation site. Sequence analysis revealed three sterol-regulatory elements (SREs) clustered between -558 and -650 bp. Each site, along with E-box sequences, bound recombinant SREBP in electromobility shift assays. Mutation of all three sites attenuated the SREBP induction of promoter activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays revealed that cholesterol depletion enriched the association of both SREBP and acetylated histone H3 with the NPC-1 promoter fragment containing the three SREs. ChIP analysis confirmed that SREBP's association with SRE and the E-box was enriched in cells cultured in cholesterol-depleted medium. We conclude that NPC-1 is sterol-regulated, achieved by SREBP acting via SRE and the E-box sequences.
Mechanisms of action of zinc in acute diarrhea (2010)

All these data support the use of zinc in the treatment of acute diarrhea, but further clinical studies are needed to explore the selective effects of zinc against specific pathogens responsible for diarrhea.