gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
UEBER DIE UNTERSUCHUNG DER NACHTFAHREIGNUNG VON KRAFTFAHRERN MIT DEM MESOPTOMETER (1970)

DAS MESOPTOMETER IST EIN PRUEFGERAET ZUR UNTERSUCHUNG DER SEHBEDINGUNG DES KRAFTFAHRERS BEI NACHT UND BEI DAEMMERUNG. ES WIRD EIN DUNKLER, DREHBARER, GLEICHBLEIBEND GROSSER LANDOLT'SCHER RING MIT VERAENDERLICHEN LICHTDICHTEUNTERSCHIEDEN BENUTZT. FUER DIE KONTRASTWAHRNEHMUNG WERDEN ACHT VERSCHIEDENE STUFEN GEWAEHLT , MIT DENEN VIER FUNKTIONEN DES DAEMMERUNGSSEHENS GEPRUEFT WERDEN: DIE DAEMMERUNGSSEHSCHAERFE BEI EINER ADAPTATIONSLEUCHTDICHTE VON 0,32 ASB UMFELD SOWIE BEI 0,1 ASB UMFELD, FERNER DIE DAEMMERUNGSSEHSCHAERFE WAEHREND EINER BLENDUNG UND DIE READAPTIONSZEIT NACH BLENDUNG. VON EINER ARBEITSGRUPPE WURDEN ETWA 3.000 AUGENGESUNDE PROBANDEN ALLER ALTERSSTUFEN UNTER GLEICHEN VORAUSSETZUNGEN UNTERSUCHT. HINSICHTLICH DER VIER GEPRUEFTEN FUNKTIONEN ZEIGTE SICH EIN DEUTLICHER LEISTUNGSABFALL MIT ZUNEHMENDEM ALTER. MIT ZUNEHMENDEM ALTER VERLAENGERT SICH AUCH DIE READAPTIONSZEIT NICHT NUR DURCH VERMEHRTE LICHTSTREUUNG UND NACHLASSENDE NETZHAUTFUNKTION, SONDERN AUCH DURCH DIE UNFAEHIGKEIT, UNTER ZEITDRUCK SCHNELL EINE AUSSAGE UEBER EINE GESICHTSWAHRNEHMUNG ZU MACHEN. HINSICHTLICH DER NACHTMYOPIE ERGAB SICH, DASS SIE NUR BEI 25 % PRUEFLINGEN VORKAM UND IN DER HAELFTE DIESER FAELLE NUR -0,5 SPH BETRUG. SIE SPIELT ALSO BEIM NAECHTLICHEN KRAFTFAHREN NUR EINE SEHR GERINGE ROLLE. DIE EINZELNEN ANFORDERUNGEN DER PRUEFUNG WERDEN MIT REALSITUATIONEN IM NAECHTLICHEN STRASSENVERKEHR IN BEZIEHUNG GESETZT. AUS DEN UNTERSUCHUNGSERGEBNISSEN WERDEN GRENZWERTE ABGELEITET, VON DENEN AB KRAFTFAHRER ALS NACHTFAHRUNGEEIGNET ANGESEHEN WERDEN MUESSEN. DARUEBER HINAUS WIRD DIE FORDERUNG ABGELEITET, ALLE AELTEREN FAHRERLAUBNISINHABER UND -BEWERBER SOWIE ALLE FAHRERLAUBNISINHABER UND -BEWERBER MIT EINEM AUGENLEIDEN DIESER SPEZIELLEN EIGNUNGSPRUEFUNG FUER DAS NACHTFAHREN ZU UNTERZIEHEN.
Multiplicity and expression of xylanases in the rumen fungus Neocallimastix frontalis (1998)

The time course production of xylanolytic enzymes by the rumen anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis was studied during growth on different carbon sources and revealed using isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting. A constant low level of endoxylanase expression was observed in glucose medium. A high level of xylanase activity was detected in methyl glucoside medium corresponding to the induction of new isoforms which were repressed by the presence of glucose. β-Xylosidases were constitutively produced at a high level and remained mainly associated to the fungal cells. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the endoxylanases XYLI and XYLII revealed that XYLI was secreted to the different culture media showing a characteristic pattern of constitutive expression, while anti-XYLII recognized several polypeptides larger than XYLII indicating the production of multiple antigenically related enzymes during growth on the inducing substrate.
Long-term measles-induced immunomodulation increases overall childhood infectious disease mortality (2015)

Immunosuppression after measles is known to predispose people to opportunistic infections for a period of several weeks to months. Using population-level data, we show that measles has a more prolonged effect on host resistance, extending over 2 to 3 years. We find that nonmeasles infectious disease mortality in high-income countries is tightly coupled to measles incidence at this lag, in both the pre- and post-vaccine eras. We conclude that long-term immunologic sequelae of measles drive interannual fluctuations in nonmeasles deaths. This is consistent with recent experimental work that attributes the immunosuppressive effects of measles to depletion of B and T lymphocytes. Our data provide an explanation for the long-term benefits of measles vaccination in preventing all-cause infectious disease. By preventing measles-associated immune memory loss, vaccination protects polymicrobial herd immunity.
Tentoxin effects on infrastructure and greening of ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea var. hederacea) cotyledons (1980)

Abstract The effects of 20 μ M tentoxin on mesophyll chloroplast ultra‐structural development, chlorophyll organization and accumulation, and pigment transformations in cotyledons of dark‐grown, 4‐day‐old ivyleaf morningglory [ Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. var. hederacea ]were monitored. After 6 h of white light (200 μEm −2 T.s −1 ), many plastids of tentoxin‐treated tissues contained prolamellar bodies or inconsistent internal membrane orientation in contrast to the uniform internal membrane orientation and absence of prolamellar bodies in controls. Grana stacking did not progress beyond three to four disc loculi in tentoxin‐treatments, and fret membranes were usually discontinuous and reduced. Cylindrical or cupped grana appeared in many chloroplasts after 3 days of light, while other chloroplasts in which disruption was more pronounced had few grana except for remnants, but usually did possess vesicles or structures resembling prolamellar bodies. Tentoxin had no apparent effect on stroma density or plastoglobuli size and number. No starch grains appeared in any of the tentoxin treatments, whereas they appeared after 24 h in controls. Initial protochlorophyllide content and its photoconversion to chlorophyllide and subsequent Shibata shift were not affected by tentoxin. Chlorophyll accumulation rates in tentoxin‐treated cotyledons were about 10% of control rates during the first 24 h of greening and about 20% of controls from 48 to 72 h of greening. Chlorophyll alb ratio and PSU size (total Chl/P700) were not significantly affected by tentoxin.
Effects of a low fat diet with and without intermittent saturated fat and cholesterol ingestion on plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein levels in normal volunteers (1988)

Diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol are recommended to the American public for improving plasma lipoprotein patterns and reducing the risk of heart disease. However, since dietary intake cannot always be controlled, the effects of different degrees of dietary saturated fat lowering and occasional high saturated fat and cholesterol meals on the expected lipoprotein pattern improvement of these diets needs to be defined. In the current study, we compared lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein levels in 14 young normal volunteers on a metabolic ward when they were consuming a high saturated fat diet (42% fat), an AHA Phase II diet (25% fat), and a third diet which approximated the AHA Phase I diet (30% fat). The latter actually consisted of intermittent ingestion of meals high in saturated fat and cholesterol on the background of an AHA Phase II diet (Intermittent Saturated Fat diet). When compared to the high saturated fat diet, the AHA Phase II diet significantly reduced total, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, apoB, and apoA-I levels, and improved the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio, whereas the intermittent saturated fat diet lowered total and LDL cholesterol and apoB levels, and also improved the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio. When compared to the AHA Phase II diet, the intermittent saturated fat diet raised total and HDL cholesterol levels. Thus, in these normal volunteers, intermittent saturated fat ingestion, in the context of an overall 30% fat diet and a 25% fat diet, did not differ with respect to the effect on improving the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio.
Creating Causal Embeddings for Question Answering with Minimal\n Supervision (2016)

A common model for question answering (QA) is that a good answer is one that\nis closely related to the question, where relatedness is often determined using\ngeneral-purpose lexical models such as word embeddings. We argue that a better\napproach is to look for answers that are related to the question in a relevant\nway, according to the information need of the question, which may be determined\nthrough task-specific embeddings. With causality as a use case, we implement\nthis insight in three steps. First, we generate causal embeddings\ncost-effectively by bootstrapping cause-effect pairs extracted from free text\nusing a small set of seed patterns. Second, we train dedicated embeddings over\nthis data, by using task-specific contexts, i.e., the context of a cause is its\neffect. Finally, we extend a state-of-the-art reranking approach for QA to\nincorporate these causal embeddings. We evaluate the causal embedding models\nboth directly with a casual implication task, and indirectly, in a downstream\ncausal QA task using data from Yahoo! Answers. We show that explicitly modeling\ncausality improves performance in both tasks. In the QA task our best model\nachieves 37.3% P@1, significantly outperforming a strong baseline by 7.7%\n(relative).\n
Integrating DNN-based and spatial clustering-based mask estimation for robust MVDR beamforming (2017)

Recently, time-frequency mask-based beamforming has been extensively studied as the frontend of deep neural network (DNN) based automatic speech recognition (ASR) in noisy environments. Two mask estimation approaches have been separately developed for this beamforming method, namely the the DNN-based approach, which exploits the time-frequency features of the signal, and the spatial clustering-based approach, which exploits the spatial features of the signal. This paper proposes a new method that integrates the two approaches in a probabilistic way to further improve mask estimation by exploiting the advantages of both approaches. Experiments using the real data of the CHiME-3 multichannel noisy speech corpus show that the proposed method almost always outperforms the conventional approaches in terms of word error rate (WER) improvement.
Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in the Oxidation of Guanosine Monophosphate by Ru(bpy)3 3+ (2025)

Oxidation of guanine by the outer-sphere metal complex oxidant Ru&shy;(bpy)3 3+ (bpy is 2,2&prime;-bipyridine) has been explored in deoxyguanosine-5&prime;-monophosphate with the added buffers succinic acid/succinate Hsuc/suc&ndash;&bull; (pK a = 5.6), H2PO4 &ndash;/HPO4 2&ndash; (pK a = 7.2), and Tris [(HOCH2)3CNH3 +/(HOCH2)3CNH2] (pK a = 8.1) at 23 &plusmn; 2 &deg;C. Over an extended range of buffer concentrations and ratios, there is clear evidence for the mechanistic importance of pathways involving concerted electron&ndash;proton transfer. In this pathway, proton transfer to the base form of the buffer occurs in concert with electron transfer to the oxidant, Ru&shy;(bpy)3 3+.
Humoral and cell-mediated autoimmunity in allergy to Aspergillus fumigatus. (1996)

A cDNA encoding an allergenic protein was isolated from an Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) cDNA library displayed on the surface of filamentous phage. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) from A. fumigatus-sensitized individuals was used to enrich phage-expressing gene products binding to IgE. One of the cDNAs encoded a 26.7-kD protein that was identified as a manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) sharing 51.5% identity and 67.2% homology to the corresponding human enzyme. Both human and A. fumigatus MnSOD coding sequences were expressed in Escherichia coli as [His]6-tagged fusion proteins and purified by Ni(2+)-chelate affinity chromatography. The two recombinant MnSODs were both recognized by IgE antibodies from subjects allergic to the A. fumigatus MnSOD and elicited specific immediate type allergic skin reactions in these individuals. Moreover, both human and A. fumigatus MnSOD induced proliferation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of A. fumigatus-allergic subjects who showed specific IgE responses and reacted in skin tests to MnSOD. These observations provide evidence for autoreactivity to the human MnSOD in allergic persons sensitized to an environmental allergen from A. fumigatus who share a high degree of sequence homology to the corresponding human enzyme.
Expression pattern of Popdc2 during mouse embryogenesis and in the adult (2008)

Abstract Whole‐mount staining of beta galactosidase activity in a heterozygous E15.5 Popdc2‐LacZ embryo. After staining the embryo was cleared in benzyl benzoate to visualize internal structures. Differentiated skeletal muscle tissue as well as the umbilical vessels display strong LacZ activity. Expression of the marker gene in the heart and in smooth muscle tissue of the gastrointestinal tract and the coelomic wall are not visible here. See Froese and Brand, Developmental Dynamics 237:762–769, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Advanced Analytical Dynamics (2017)

Providing a unique bridge between the foundations of analytical mechanics and application to multi-body dynamical systems, this textbook is particularly well suited for graduate students seeking an understanding of the theoretical underpinnings of analytical mechanics, as well as modern task space approaches for representing the resulting dynamics that can be exploited for real-world problems in areas such as biomechanics and robotics. Established principles in mechanics are presented in a thorough and modern way. The chapters build up from general mathematical foundations, an extensive treatment of kinematics, and then to a rigorous treatment of conservation and variational principles in mechanics. Parallels are drawn between the different approaches, providing the reader with insights that unify his or her understanding of analytical dynamics. Additionally, a unique treatment is presented on task space dynamical formulations that map traditional configuration space representations into more intuitive geometric spaces.
The stress analysis of cracks handbook (2000)

This extensive source of crack stress analysis information is nearly double the size of the previous edition. Along with revisions, the authors provide 150 new pages of analysis and information. This classic volume can serve as an excellent reference, as well as a text for in-house training courses in various industries and academic settings
Antioxidative effect of nitrite in cured meat products: nitric oxide-iron complexes of low molecular weight (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntioxidative effect of nitrite in cured meat products: nitric oxide-iron complexes of low molecular weightJoseph Kanner, Stela Harel, Joseph Shagalovich, and Shura BermanCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1984, 32, 3, 512–515Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00123a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00123a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views195Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ATTCT and ATTCC repeat expansions in the ATXN10 gene affect disease penetrance of spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (2022)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCA10) is an autosomal-dominant disorder caused by an expanded pentanucleotide repeat in the <i>ATXN10</i> gene. This repeat expansion, when fully penetrant, has a size of 850-4,500 repeats. It has been shown that the repeat composition can be a modifier of disease, e.g., seizures. Here, we describe a Mexican kindred in which we identified both pure (ATTCT)<sub>n</sub> and mixed (ATTCT)<sub>n</sub>-(ATTCC)<sub>n</sub> expansions in the same family. We used amplification-free targeted sequencing and optical genome mapping to decipher the composition of these repeat expansions. We found a considerable degree of mosaicism of the repeat expansion. This mosaicism was confirmed in skin fibroblasts from individuals with <i>ATXN10</i> expansions with RNAScope <i>in situ</i> hybridization. All affected family members with the mixed <i>ATXN10</i> repeat expansion showed typical clinical signs of spinocerebellar ataxia and epilepsy. In contrast, individuals with the pure <i>ATXN10</i> expansion present with Parkinson's disease or are unaffected, even in individuals more than 20 years older than the average age at onset for SCA10. Our findings suggest that the pure (ATTCT)<sub>n</sub> expansion is non-pathogenic, while repeat interruptions, e.g., (ATTCC)<sub>n</sub>, are necessary to cause SCA10. This mechanism has been recently described for several other repeat expansions including SCA31 (<i>BEAN1</i>), SCA37 (<i>DAB1)</i>, and three loci for benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy BAFME (<i>SAMD12</i>, <i>TNRC6A</i>, <i>RAPGEF2</i>). Therefore, long-read sequencing and optical genome mapping of the entire genomic structure of repeat expansions are critical for clinical practice and genetic counseling, as variations in the repeat can affect disease penetrance, symptoms, and disease trajectory.
Rates of Potentially Inappropriate Dosing of Direct‐Acting Oral Anticoagulants and Associations With Geriatric Conditions Among Older Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The SAGE‐AF Study (2020)

Background Direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) dosing guidelines for atrial fibrillation recommend dose alteration based on age, renal function, body weight, and drug-drug interactions. There is paucity of data describing the frequency and factors associated with prescription of potentially inappropriate doses. Methods and Results In the ongoing SAGE-AF (Systematic Assessment of Geriatric Elements in Atrial Fibrillation) study, we performed geriatric assessments (frailty, cognitive impairment, sensory impairments, social isolation, and depression) for participants with atrial fibrillation (age ≥65 years, CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>VASc ≥2, no anticoagulant contraindications). We developed an algorithm to analyze DOAC dose appropriateness accounting for drug-drug interactions, age, renal function, and body weight. We also examined whether geriatric impairments were related to inappropriate dosing. Of 1064 patients prescribed anticoagulants, 460 received a DOAC. Participants were aged 74±7 years, 49% were women, and 82% were white. A quarter (23%; n=105) of participants received inappropriate DOAC dose, of whom 82 (78%) were underdosed and 23 (22%) were overdosed. Among participants receiving an inappropriate dose, 12 (11%) were identified using the drug-drug interactions criteria and would have otherwise been misclassified. In multivariable regression analyses, older age, higher CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>VASc score, and history of renal failure were associated with inappropriate DOAC dosing (<i>P</i><0.05). Geriatric conditions were not associated with inappropriate dosing. Conclusions In this cohort, over 20% of older patients with atrial fibrillation treated with DOACs were prescribed an inappropriate dose, with most being underdosed. Drug-drug interactions were common. Factors that influence prescription of guideline-nonadherent doses may be perception of higher bleeding risk or presence of renal failure in addition to lack of familiarity with dosing guidelines.
Poly(vinylidene chloride)-Based Carbon with Ultrahigh Microporosity and Outstanding Performance for CH4 and H2 Storage and CO2 Capture (2014)

Poly(vinylidene chloride)-based carbon (PC) with ultrahigh microporisity was prepared by simple carbonization and KOH activation, exhibiting great potential to be superior CO2, CH4, and H2 adsorbent at high pressures. The CO2 uptake for pristine PC is highly up to 3.97 mmol/g at 25 °C and 1 bar while the activated PC exhibits a slightly lower uptake at 1 bar. However, the activated PC has an outstanding CO2 uptake of up to 18.27 mmol/g at 25 °C and 20 bar. Gas uptakes at high pressures are proportional to the surface areas of carbons. The CH4 uptake for the activated PC is up to 10.25 mmol/g (16.4 wt % or 147 v/v) at 25 °C and 20 bar which is in a top-ranked uptake for large surface area carbons. Furthermore, H2 uptake on the activated PC reaches 4.85 wt % at -196 °C and 20 bar. Significantly, an exceptionally large H2 storage capacity of up to 2.43 wt % at 1 bar was obtained, which is among the largest value reported to date for any porous adsorbents, to the best of our knowledge. The ease of preparation and large capture capacities endow this kind of carbon attractive as promising adsorbent for CH4, H2, and CO2 storage.
Performance Evaluation of LAMMPS on Multi-core Systems (2013)

With the widespread use of multi-core processors, specialized applications requiring parallel processing can be run on general desktops. In this study, we measure and analyze the parallel performance of LAMMPS, a classical well-known molecular dynamics code, on single multi-core systems. In order to check the parallel efficiency on single machines, the various types of simulations with LAMMPS were performed with MPI and OpenMP. Although LAMMPS was run on a single machine, MPI based LAMMPS showed higher performance, because LAMMPS has been designed based on MPI and only some part of LAMMPS was parallelized with OpenMP. The preliminary experiments also showed that the memory sub-system affects the performance of LAMMPS.
Rochalimaea species stimulate human endothelial cell proliferation and migration in vitro. (1994)

Rochalimaea henselae and R. quintana are associated clinically with proliferative neovascular lesions. The effect of Rochalimaea species on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation and migration was evaluated in vitro. Cocultivation of Rochalimaea organisms with HUVECs resulted in enhanced HUVEC proliferation. Fibroblast proliferation was unaffected by R. henselae. HUVECs were also stimulated to migrate by Rochalimaea. When R. henselae organisms were disrupted and subjected to centrifugation, the ability to enhance HUVEC proliferation and migration was localized to the particulate, noncytosolic fraction. Trypsin treatment of this fraction diminished its stimulatory activity. These data suggest that the neovascular manifestations of infection with Rochalimaea are likely caused by the production of an angiogenic factor by these bacteria.
A nearby transiting rocky exoplanet that is suitable for atmospheric investigation (2023)

Spectroscopy of transiting exoplanets can be used to investigate their atmospheric properties and habitability. Combining radial velocity (RV) and transit data provides additional information on exoplanet physical properties. We detect a transiting rocky planet with an orbital period of 1.467 days around the nearby red dwarf star Gliese 486. The planet Gliese 486 b is 2.81 Earth masses and 1.31 Earth radii, with uncertainties of 5%, as determined from RV data and photometric light curves. The host star is at a distance of ~8.1 parsecs, has a J-band magnitude of ~7.2, and is observable from both hemispheres of Earth. On the basis of these properties and the planet's short orbital period and high equilibrium temperature, we show that this terrestrial planet is suitable for emission and transit spectroscopy.