gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hypertension and prolonged vasoconstrictor signaling in RGS2-deficient mice (2003)

Signaling by hormones and neurotransmitters that activate G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) maintains blood pressure within the normal range despite large changes in cardiac output that can occur within seconds. This implies that blood pressure regulation requires precise kinetic control of GPCR signaling. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed mice deficient in RGS2, a GTPase-activating protein that greatly accelerates the deactivation rate of heterotrimeric G proteins in vitro. Both rgs2(+/–) and rgs2(–/–) mice exhibited a strong hypertensive phenotype, renovascular abnormalities, persistent constriction of the resistance vasculature, and prolonged response of the vasculature to vasoconstrictors in vivo. Analysis of P2Y receptor–mediated Ca(2+) signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro indicated that loss of RGS2 increased agonist potency and efficacy and slowed the kinetics of signal termination. These results establish that abnormally prolonged signaling by G protein–coupled vasoconstrictor receptors can contribute to the onset of hypertension, and they suggest that genetic defects affecting the function or expression of RGS2 may be novel risk factors for development of hypertension in humans.
Fabrication and Morphological Stability of Aluminium Nanostructures En Route to Nanopatterned Sapphire (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Energy recoverable multi-stage dry sorbent CO2 capture process (2014)

To reduce the energy required for CO2 desorption, an energy exchangeable three-stage dry sorbent CO2 capture process was designed and in the step of efficiency evaluation. The process is composed of three stages working at different sorption- desorption temperatures to utilize the heat released at higher temperature absorption cycles for the regeneration of sorbent working at lower temperature cycles; low-, medium- and high-temperature stages. For this process three kinds of sorbents having different sorption-desorption temperatures were developed; amines supported on silica (low temperature), alkali-promoted MgO (medium temperature) and Li4SiO4 (high temperature). Based on the kinetic properties of these three types of sorbents, several process models were simulated and it was found that dilute-dilute sorption-desorption process is the most efficient. According to the simulation, the thermal energy demand for the three-stage CO2 capture process was 1.68 GJ/ton-CO2, which means about 60% of the thermal energy required for a single-stage dry sorbent process can be saved. To evaluate this concept, real facility which can treat 60 Nm3/hr exhaust gas was constructed and in the step of operation.
Preclinical and clinical aspects of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor anagliptin (2013)

アナグリプチン（スイニー®錠）は（株）三和化学研究所で創製され，興和（株）と共同で開発されたジペプチジルペプチダーゼ-4（DPP-4）阻害薬である．アナグリプチンは濃度依存的にDPP-4を可逆的かつ競合的に阻害し，ヒト組換えDPP-4活性を50%阻害する濃度（IC50）は3.3 nMである．また，極めて高い酵素選択性を有し，DPP-8，DPP-9等のDPP-4類縁酵素に対する阻害作用は極めて弱く，他のプロテアーゼに対する作用もほとんど認められない．ラットまたはイヌを用いた検討において，アナグリプチンの経口投与は，用量に依存した強力な血漿DPP-4活性阻害作用を示した．また，アナグリプチンは糖尿病モデルラットにおいても，血中のDPP-4を強力に阻害し，インスリン濃度を増加させ，糖負荷後の血糖上昇を抑制した．グルカゴン様ペプチド-1（GLP-1）分泌促進作用が知られているα-グルコシダーゼ阻害薬またはビグアナイド薬とアナグリプチンを併用投与した結果では，糖尿病モデルラットにおいて，血中活性型GLP-1濃度がさらに増加し，これらの薬剤との併用によるGLP-1作用の増強が期待された．臨床試験では，健康成人を対象とした第I相試験において，アナグリプチンの投与量依存的な血中濃度の上昇と血漿DPP-4活性阻害率の上昇が確認され，1回100 mgを1日2回投与することにより24時間にわたって血漿DPP-4活性の阻害を高率に維持できることが示された．2型糖尿病患者を対象として，アナグリプチンを1回50～200 mg，1日2回（BID），12週間投与した第II相試験では，用量依存的なHbA1cの低下が確認され，推奨されるアナグリプチンの用法・用量は100 mg BIDであることが示された．続く第II／III相試験では，アナグリプチンの1回100または200 mg，1日2回，12週間投与の有効性および安全性が再確認され，ボグリボースを有意に上回るHbA1c低下作用が示された．さらに，第III相の単独長期投与試験および経口血糖降下薬（α-グルコシダーゼ阻害薬，ビグアナイド薬，スルホニルウレア薬またはチアゾリジン薬）との併用長期投与試験では，いずれの単独または併用療法においても，アナグリプチン100 mg，1日2回投与の有効性および安全性が確認され，血糖コントロール改善効果が治療期52週まで持続することが示された．また，効果不十分な患者では，200 mg，1日2回に増量することにより，37.6%～59.7%の患者でさらなるHbA1cの低下が認められた．これまでの臨床試験において低血糖症の発現率は低く，報告された低血糖症はいずれも軽度の事象であった．また，アナグリプチン投与による重篤な副作用は認められていない．以上の結果が示すように，アナグリプチンは優れた有効性と安全性を有しており，新しい糖尿病治療薬として期待される．
Ion-Molecule Reaction between Ionized Photochemical Intermediates of Acetophenone and Alcohol Following Multiphoton Excitation in a Liquid Beam (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon-Molecule Reaction between Ionized Photochemical Intermediates of Acetophenone and Alcohol Following Multiphoton Excitation in a Liquid BeamJ. Kohno, Fumitaka Mafune, and Tamotsu KondowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 21, 9801–9802Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00100a076https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00100a076research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enhancer-binding activity of the tal-1 oncoprotein in association with the E47/E12 helix-loop-helix proteins. (1991)

Almost 30% of patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) bear structural alterations of tal-1, a presumptive proto-oncogene that encodes sequences homologous to the helix-loop-helix (HLH) DNA-binding and dimerization domain. Analysis of the tal-1 gene product reveals that its HLH domain mediates protein-protein interactions with either of the ubiquitously expressed HLH proteins E47 and E12. The resultant tal-1/E47 and tal-1/E12 heterodimers specifically recognize the E-box DNA sequence motif found in eucaryotic transcriptional enhancers. Hence, the tal-1 protein shares biochemical properties with other tissue-specific HLH proteins that control cell type determination during myogenesis (e.g., MyoD1) and neurogenesis (e.g., achaete-scute). The data suggest that HLH heterodimers involving tal-1 may function in vivo as transcriptional regulatory factors that influence cell type determination during hematopoietic development.
Sifuvirtide Screens Rigid Membrane Surfaces. Establishment of a Correlation between Efficacy and Membrane Domain Selectivity among HIV Fusion Inhibitor Peptides (2008)

Sifuvirtide, a 36 amino acid negatively charged peptide, is a novel and promising HIV fusion inhibitor, presently in clinical trials. Because of the aromatic amino acid residues of the peptide, its behavior in aqueous solution and the interaction with lipid-membrane model systems (large unilammelar vesicles) were studied by using mainly fluorescence spectroscopy techniques (both steady-state and time-resolved). No significant aggregation of the peptide was observed with aqueous solution. Various biological and nonbiological lipid-membrane compositions were analyzed, and atomic force microscopy was used to visualize phase separation in several of those mixtures. Results showed no significant interaction of the peptide, neither with zwitterionic fluid lipid membranes (liquid-disordered phase), nor with cholesterol-rich membranes (liquid-ordered phase). However, significant partitioning was observed with the positively charged lipid models (K(p) = (2.2 +/- 0.3) x 10(3)), serving as a positive control. Fluorescence quenching using Förster resonance acrylamide and lipophilic probes was carried out to study the location of the peptide in the membrane models. In the gel-phase DPPC (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) membrane model, an adsorption of the peptide at the surface of these membranes was observed and confirmed by using Förster resonance energy-transfer experiments. These results indicate a targeting of the peptide to gel-phase domains relatively to liquid-disordered or liquid-ordered phase domains. This larger affinity and selectivity toward the more rigid areas of the membranes, where most of the receptors are found, or to viral membrane, may help explain the improved clinical efficiency of sifuvirtide, by providing a local increased concentration of the peptide at the fusion site.
Deep ultraviolet-to-NIR broad spectral response organic photodetectors with large gain (2016)

We developed organic photodetectors with high photocurrent gain by enhancing the electron tunneling from the electrode owing to the effect of interface charge trapping.
Originalmessung (1974)

Von 1966–1969 wurde in Scholven, Ruhrgebiet, ein Kraftwerk mit vier in Reihe stehenden Naturzugkühltürmen errichtet. Während der Bauphase bot sich die Gelegenheit, Druckmeßdosen in die Betonschale einzubauen, um die instationären Winddrucke an der Außenseite der Schale zu messen. Die erste Meßanordnung wurde am ersten Turm in Höhe des engsten Querschnittes installiert, eine weitere Messung am dritten Turm in drei Ebenen durchgeführt. Im Zuge des Baufortschrittes konnten Meßwerte sowohl am freistehenden Einzelturm als auch am Turm in Reihenanordnung erhalten werden.
Three-Level Schemes for the Advection Equation (2019)

The advection equation, which is central to mathematical models in continuum mechanics, can be written in the symmetric form in which the advection operator is the half-sum of advection operators in the conservative (divergence) and nonconservative (characteristic) forms. In this case, the advection operator is skew-symmetric for any velocity vector. This fundamental property is preserved when using standard finite element spatial approximations in space. Various versions of two-level schemes for the advection equation have been studied earlier. In the present paper, unconditionally stable implicit three-level schemes of the second order of accuracy are considered for the advection equation. We also construct a class of schemes of the fourth order of accuracy, which deserves special attention.
Traffic classification using clustering algorithms (2006)

Classification of network traffic using port-based or payload-based analysis is becoming increasingly difficult with many peer-to-peer (P2P) applications using dynamic port numbers, masquerading techniques, and encryption to avoid detection. An alternative approach is to classify traffic by exploiting the distinctive characteristics of applications when they communicate on a network. We pursue this latter approach and demonstrate how cluster analysis can be used to effectively identify groups of traffic that are similar using only transport layer statistics. Our work considers two unsupervised clustering algorithms, namely K-Means and DBSCAN, that have previously not been used for network traffic classification. We evaluate these two algorithms and compare them to the previously used AutoClass algorithm, using empirical Internet traces. The experimental results show that both K-Means and DBSCAN work very well and much more quickly then AutoClass. Our results indicate that although DBSCAN has lower accuracy compared to K-Means and AutoClass, DBSCAN produces better clusters.
Ultrasensitive Interferons quantification in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies serve as biomarkers of activity in dermatomyositis and anti-synthetase syndrome (2020)

<title>Abstract</title> Objectives Inflammatory idiopathic myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of disorders, ranging from a muscle-specific autoimmune disease to a systemic one that are difficult to assess. Recent insights into IIM pathogenesis highlighted the role of interferon (IFN) in the pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to test if IFN serum levels can a use as a biomarker of disease activity in IIM. Methods IFN type I and II were measured using an ultrasensitive detection technology and assess the potential of IFN. Results One hundred and fifty-two patients (dermatomyositis (DM); n=50, anti-synthetase syndrome (ASyS); n=46, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM); n=32, inclusion body myositis (IBM); n=24) and 33 age-matched healthy donors were included. IFN-α levels were higher only in DM (0.07 pg/ml [0.03-0.23], p&lt;0.005) and ASyS groups (0.07 [0.02-0.16], p&lt;0.05) compared with controls (0.02 [0.01-0.05]). IFN-β was increased only in DM and IFN-γ among all IIM. IFN-α levels were correlated with disease activity in DM (r=0.76, p&lt;0.0001). The predictive accuracy of IFN-α level to discriminate active and non-active disease was excellent as reflected by an area under the ROC-curve of 0.88. Using an IFN-α level cut-off above 0.11 pg/ml, the sensitivity was 75% and the specificity was 96% in DM patient. IFN-α and IFN-γ were correlated with disease activity in ASyS groups (r=0.55 and r=0.46 p&lt;0.05)). Conclusions IFNs are promising biomarker for DM and ASyS disease activity.
Virtual Magnetic Imaging Logs: Generation of Synthetic MRI Logs from Conventional Well Logs (1998)

Abstract MRI logs are well logs that use nuclear magnetic resonance to accurately measure free fluid, irreducible water (MBVI), and effective porosity (MPHI). Permeability is then calculated using a mathematical function that incorporates these measured properties. This paper describes the methodology developed to generate synthetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging logs using data obtained by conventional well logs such as SP, Gamma Ray, Caliper, and Resistivity. The synthetically generated logs are named Virtual Magnetic Imaging Logs or "VMRI" logs for short. This methodology incorporates artificial neural networks as its main tool. Virtual MRI logs for irreducible water saturation (MBVI) and effective porosity (MPHI) as well as permeability (MPERM) were generated for four wells. These wells are located in East Texas, Gulf of Mexico, Utah, and New Mexico. The results are quite encouraging. It is shown that MPHI, MBVI, and MPERM logs can be generated with a high degree of accuracy. For each case, 30% of the data were used to develop the neural model. The model was then tested on the remaining 70% of the data for verification. The models provide VMRI logs with approximately 80 to 97 percent accuracy using data not employed during model development. This methodology does not supersede the need for performing MRI logging in a field. It is designed to supplement the process by reducing the cost of using MRI logging on an entire field. The natural application of this process is in fields that have conventional logs for all of the wells but MRI logs for only a few wells. To generate the Virtual MRI logs for every well in a field, data from wells that have both conventional and MRI logs are used in the model development and verification. The model is then applied to the other wells in the field to generate the virtual MRI logs for these wells. Using this process, the operator can log a few strategically chosen wells using physical MRI tools and produce virtual MRI logs for the entire field. This will allow the development of an accurate representation of effective porosity, free fluid, irreducible water saturation, and permeability for the entire field.
Doctrine juridique et science juridique (2002)

La confusion très généralement opérée entre « doctrine juridique » et « science juridique » se traduit en pratique par l'hypertrophie de la première au détriment de la seconde, confinée dans un statut marginal. En réaction contre cette confusion, on entend montrer ici que l'une et l'autre adoptent des perspectives fondamentalement différentes sur le droit : alors que la doctrine juridique est partie prenante au processus de production du droit, la science juridique se place en position d'extériorité par rapport à lui. Néanmoins, la nécessaire distinction des points de vue, indispensable à la construction d'une authentique science du droit, ne saurait déboucher sur un strict cloisonnement : s'ils sont de nature différente, savoir doctrinal et savoir scientifique sont en effet également nécessaires à la connaissance du phénomène juridique.
On Lifting Factorization for 2-D LPPRFB (2006)

For multidimensional system, since the factorization theory is not well developed and multivariate system is generally much complex than univariate system, they are much less mature than ID filter banks. In this paper, a class of 2-D 2-channel linear phase perfect reconstruction filter banks is investigated. Based on a proposed conjecture, a lifting based approach to factorize a given FB of this class is presented. Though may not be provably complete, a construction method related to the factorization is also proposed. It is also compared with McClellan transform based design, and found to be better in terms of filter performance.
Gastric, pancreatic, and biliary responses to meals in hyperthyroidism. (1980)

Upper gastrointestinal function in response to a mixed nutrient meal was evaluated in hyperthyroid patients, both before and after therapy, and in healthy controls. Gastric secretion, gastric emptying, and pancreatic secretion were all normal and normally integrated postprandially in the hyperthyroid patients. Bile acid output was reduced (P less than 0.05) in this group of patients relative to healthy controls. Duodenal bile acid concentrations, however, were above the critical micellar concentration in most of the hyperthyroid patients, and the bile acid output and concentration remained unchanged in all patients three months after treatment. After radioactive iodine therapy, when gastrointestinal symptoms were returning toward normal, a small but statistically significant increase in gastric secretion was observed. However, gastric emptying and pancreatic secretion, like biliary secretion, remained unchanged. Abnormalities responsible for the diarrhoea and steatorrhoea in hyperthyroidism appear to reside primarily distal to the duodenum. However, reduced bile acid output may be a contributory factor in some patients.
Measurement of system penalty due to multipath interference (2002)

The impact of multipath interference (MPI) arising from dispersion compensation modules is measured in an experiment designed to isolate this effect from all others. It is found that MPI acts as an additional source of noise, and the amount of noise is quantified
MAP kinases as structural adaptors and enzymatic activators in transcription complexes (2004)

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways regulate eukaryotic gene expression in response to extracellular stimuli. MAPKs and their downstream kinases phosphorylate transcription factors, co-regulators and chromatin proteins to initiate transcriptional changes. However, the spatial context in which the MAPKs operate in transcription complexes is poorly understood. Recent findings in budding yeast show that MAPKs can form integral components of transcription complexes and have novel structural functions in addition to phosphorylating local substrates. Hog1p MAPK is stably recruited to target promoters by specific transcription factors in response to osmotic stress, and acts as both a structural adaptor and enzymatic activator driving the assembly and activation of the transcription complex. We review the evidence that suggests a similar bifunctional role for MAPKs in mammalian transcription complexes.
Polarization of the Effects of Autoimmune and Neurodegenerative Risk Alleles in Leukocytes (2014)

To extend our understanding of the genetic basis of human immune function and dysfunction, we performed an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) study of purified CD4(+) T cells and monocytes, representing adaptive and innate immunity, in a multi-ethnic cohort of 461 healthy individuals. Context-specific cis- and trans-eQTLs were identified, and cross-population mapping allowed, in some cases, putative functional assignment of candidate causal regulatory variants for disease-associated loci. We note an over-representation of T cell-specific eQTLs among susceptibility alleles for autoimmune diseases and of monocyte-specific eQTLs among Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease variants. This polarization implicates specific immune cell types in these diseases and points to the need to identify the cell-autonomous effects of disease susceptibility variants.
Enhanced Indexing and Querying of Trajectories in Road Networks via String Algorithms (2018)

In this article, we propose a novel indexing and querying method for trajectories constrained in a road network. We aim to provide efficient algorithms for various types of spatiotemporal queries that involve routing in road networks, such as (1) finding moving objects that have traveled along a given path during a given time interval, (2) extracting all paths traveled after a given spatiotemporal context, and (3) enumerating all paths between two locations traveled during a certain time interval. Unlike the existing methods in spatial database research, we employ indexing techniques and algorithms from string processing. This idea is based on the fact that we can represent spatial paths as strings, because trajectories in a network are represented as sequences of road segment IDs. The proposed SNT-index (&lt;u&gt;s&lt;/u&gt;uffix-array-based &lt;u&gt;n&lt;/u&gt;etwork-constrained &lt;u&gt;t&lt;/u&gt;rajectory index) introduces two novel concepts to trajectory indexing. The first is FM-index, which is a compact in-memory data structure for pattern matching. The second is an inverse suffix array, which allows the FM-index to be integrated with the temporal information stored in a forest of B + -trees. Thanks to these concepts, we can reduce the number of B + -tree accesses required by the query processing algorithms to a constant number, something that cannot be achieved with existing methods. Although an FM-index is essentially a static index, we also propose a practical method of appending new data to the index. Finally, experiments show that our method can process the target queries for more than 1 million trajectories in a few tens of milliseconds, which is significantly faster than what the baseline algorithms can achieve without string algorithms.
Other macromolecular crystal diffraction disorders (2010)

Abstract The phenomenon of so‐called ‘order—disorder’ in crystals has few examples in the world of biological macromolecules. Thus, the crystal repetition may only approximately be covered by the unit cell. Commensurate multiples of the unit cell repeat produce sublattices of diffraction spots; a doubling of one unit cell producing a halving of the diffraction spot lattice. The case of incommensurate, i.e. noninteger multiples of a basic unit cell produce diffraction spots at some noninteger fraction between diffraction spots. We present case studies in this chapter. Technical challenges of resolving the sublattice reflections of up to 5 times the unit cell repeat, using synchrotron radiation, illustrate how to measure these diffraction data.