gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Air and the Corneal Endothelium (1980)

In 25 cat eyes 0.7 mL of air and in 11 cat eyes 0.7 mL of balanced salt solution were injected into the anterior chamber after paracentesis. This air persisted for three to four days, and specular microscopy was performed before and two months after air injection. There was an overall significant decrease in the endothelial cell density as a percentage of the preinjection density for the eyes with air when compared with those with balanced salt solution (102% +/- 7% for balanced salt solution and 93% +/- 11% for air). Thus, while air is generally well tolerated by the corneal endothelium, it is a toxic material in the anterior chamber and probably can cause endothelial damage. If not otherwise indicated and if safe to do so, it seems best to avoid its use or to replace it with physiologic solutions after its use.
Diffractive grating structures for colour-separating backlights (2006)

A colour-separating backlight can be made by using a surface-relief grating as an outcoupling structure on top of a lightguide. By combining such a structure with a birefringent layer, a polarised colour-separating backlight can be realised. We discuss experiments and simulations on a prototype of such backlight structures, as well as directions how to optimise them. First optimised samples of gratings made by laser-interference lithography show promising results.
Multiple Copies of Brochure on Handling of Antineoplastic Drugs Available (1983)

Journal Article Multiple Copies of Brochure on Handling of Antineoplastic Drugs Available Get access Joseph F. Gallelli, Ph.D Joseph F. Gallelli, Ph.D Chief Pharmacy Department The Clinical Center Building 10, Room lS-257 Nationallnstitutes of Health Bethesda,MD 20205 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Volume 40, Issue 8, 1 August 1983, Page 1306, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/40.8.1306b Published: 01 August 1983
40 Gbit/s, 16-ary (4 bit/symbol) optical modulation/demodulation scheme (2005)

A practical 16-ary amplitude-phase-shift-keying (16APSK) optical modulation/demodulation scheme (4 bit/symbol) with a combination of multilevel amplitude and phase modulations is proposed, and its feasibility is successfully demonstrated for the first time. The spectral width of return-to-zero 16APSK signal is only 0.27 nm (33.75 GHz) at 20 dB down, even with 40 Gbit/s modulation.
Extension of Spherical Unreacted Core Shrinking Model in Fluid-Solid Reactions to Cylindrical and Ringed Solids (1973)

1.1-
Resonance in herbaceous plant stems as a factor in vibrational communication of pentatomid bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) (2012)

Pentatomid bugs communicate using substrate-borne vibrational signals that are transmitted along herbaceous plant stems in the form of bending waves with a regular pattern of minimal and maximal amplitude values with distance. We tested the prediction that amplitude variation is caused by resonance, by measuring amplitude profiles of different vibrational pulses transmitted along the stem of a Cyperus alternifolius plant, and comparing their patterns with calculated spatial profiles of corresponding eigenfrequencies of a model system. The measured distance between nodes of the amplitude pattern for pulses with different frequencies matches the calculated values, confirming the prediction that resonance is indeed the cause of amplitude variation in the studied system. This confirmation is supported by the resonance profile obtained by a frequency sweep, which matches theoretical predictions of the eigenfrequencies of the studied system. Signal bandwidth influences the amount of amplitude variation. The effect of both parameters on signal propagation is discussed in the context of insect vibrational communication.
Thermal Escher sensors: Pixel-efficient lensless imagers based on tiled optics (2017)

Thermal Escher sensors are pixel-efficient lensless diffractive computational thermal imagers whose point-spread functions contain sharp transitions and effectively wrap around pixel array borders. These compact devices support high-resolution sensing and imaging.
Fabrication of sub-micron Thick, low loss As<inf>2</inf>S<inf>3</inf> planar waveguides (2009)

This work demonstrates the fabrication of sub-micron thick, compact waveguides that posses low propagation loss. As <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> film, a chalcogenide glass-based material is utilized for a more compact photonic integrated circuit waveguide device. Therefore, these sub-micron thick, low loss waveguides show a promising platform for parametric amplifiers and supercontinuum generation.
Framework and Requirements for Virtual Private Multicast Service (VPMS) (2012)

This document provides a framework and service level requirements for
Virtual Private Multicast Service (VPMS). VPMS is defined as a Layer 2
VPN service that provides point-to-multipoint connectivity for a
variety of Layer 2 link layers across an IP or MPLS-enabled PSN. This
document outlines architectural service models of VPMS and states
generic and high level requirements. This is intended to aid in
developing protocols and mechanisms to support VPMS.
Major influence of liver function itself but not of immunosuppression determines glucose tolerance after living-donor liver transplantation (2006)

Controversial data exists concerning the impact of immunosuppressive therapy on the development of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM). Therefore, we investigated glucose metabolism in healthy donors and in recipients of living-donor liver transplants (LD-LTX, n=18) without pre-existing diabetes mellitus before, on day 10, month 6, and month 12 after intervention. The computer-assisted analysis of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide profiles obtained from frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests allows to achieve an integrated view of factors controlling glucose tolerance, i.e., insulin sensitivity (SI), first and second phase insulin secretion (phi1 and phi2). SI of donors declined by day 10 after operation (SI 2.65 +/- 0.41 vs. 4.90 +/- 0.50 10(-4) minute(-1) microU ml(-1), P < 0.01) but returned to values as before after 6 months. Phi1 did not change. Phi(2), however, significantly increased by day 10 (8.57 +/- 0.82 10(9) minute(-1) to 13.77 +/- 1.53 10(9) minute(-1), P < 0.01) but was in the same range as before after 6 months. In parallel to donors SI of recipients progressively increased after LD-LTX. Phi1 did not alter in recipients. Phi2 continuously decreased and was not different from donors by month 12. The extent of liver injury assessed by liver enzyme concentrations and liver function represented by cholinesterase activity, albumin, and INR were closely related with changes of SI in donors and recipients during the first year after intervention. In conclusion, the extent of liver damage plays a predominant role in regulating glucose tolerance. No impact of immunosuppressive therapy on SI, phi1 and phi2 was detected.
Physics-based Deep Learning (2021)

This document is a hands-on, comprehensive guide to deep learning in the realm of physical simulations. Rather than just theory, we emphasize practical application: every concept is paired with interactive Jupyter notebooks to get you up and running quickly. Beyond traditional supervised learning, we dive into physical loss-constraints, differentiable simulations, diffusion-based approaches for probabilistic generative AI, as well as reinforcement learning and advanced neural network architectures. These foundations are paving the way for the next generation of scientific foundation models. We are living in an era of rapid transformation. These methods have the potential to redefine what's possible in computational science.
Classifying search queries using the Web as a source of knowledge (2009)

We propose a methodology for building a robust query classification system that can identify thousands of query classes, while dealing in real time with the query volume of a commercial Web search engine. We use a pseudo relevance feedback technique: given a query, we determine its topic by classifying the Web search results retrieved by the query. Motivated by the needs of search advertising, we primarily focus on rare queries, which are the hardest from the point of view of machine learning, yet in aggregate account for a considerable fraction of search engine traffic. Empirical evaluation confirms that our methodology yields a considerably higher classification accuracy than previously reported. We believe that the proposed methodology will lead to better matching of online ads to rare queries and overall to a better user experience.
A low-power 6.3 GHz FBAR overtone-based oscillator in 90 nm CMOS technology (2007)

Film bulk acoustic wave resonators (FBARs) are useful to make very selective filters and low-power oscillators in the low-GHz frequency region. To extend the useful range of FBARs to higher frequencies, we demonstrate the use of an FBAR at an overtone frequency. A Colpitts oscillator has been designed by combining via wire bonding 90 nm CMOS circuitry with an FBAR on a separate chip. The simulated oscillation frequency of the oscillator is 6.3 GHz with a power consumption of 475 muW in the core. The oscillator achieves phase noise of-110 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the carrier. To the authors' knowledge this is the first FBAR overtone- based oscillator in the low-GHz range.
Monitoring evolution of HIFU-induced lesions with backscattered ultrasound (2003)

Backscattered radio frequency (rf) data from a modified commercial ultrasound scanner were collected in a series of in vitro experiments in which high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) was used to create lesions in freshly excised bovine liver tissue. Two signal processing approaches were used to visualize the temporal evolution of lesion formation. First, apparent tissue motion due to temperature rise was detected using cross-correlation techniques. Results indicate that differential processing of travel time can provide temperature change information throughout the therapy delivery phase and after HIFU has been turned off, over a relatively large spatial region. Second, changes in the frequency spectrum of rf echoes due to changes in the scattering properties of the heated region were observed well before the appearance of hyper-echogenic spots in the focal zone. Furthermore, the increase in attenuation in the lesion zone changes the measured backscatter spectrum from regions distal to it along the imaging beam. Both effects were visualized using spectral processing and display techniques that provide a color spatial map of these features for the clinician. Our results demonstrate potential for these ultrasound-based techniques in targeting and monitoring of HIFU therapy, and perhaps post-treatment visualization of HIFU-induced lesions.
Survivin Expression in Intracranial Ependymomas and Its Correlation With Tumor Cell Proliferation and Patient Outcome (2005)

Survivin expression has been described as prognostic factor in various tumor types and has been shown to correlate with cytologic anaplasia in ependymoma. We immunohistochemically studied survivin expression and its association with Ki-67 and topoisomerase IIalpha (TIIalpha) expression and outcome in 63 patients with intracranial ependymoma. Survivin is expressed in a fraction of nuclei of tumor and endothelial cells including mitotic figures. Survivin indices range from 0.6% to 43.2% and correlate with Ki-67 and TIIalpha indices. On average, 62.86% of Ki-67-expressing tumor cell nuclei coexpress survivin, whereas 92.2% of survivin-expressing nuclei coexpress Ki-67. High survivin, Ki-67, and TIIalpha indices univariately correlated with an unfavorable outcome. In multivariate analysis, only the Ki-67 index remained an independent prognostic factor. In ependymoma, survivin is expressed in a subset of proliferating cells. High survivin expression is associated with poor patient outcome. However, the Ki-67 index is a more accurate prognostic marker than the survivin or TIIalpha index.
Observations of reaction intermediates and the mechanism of aldose-ketose interconversion by D-xylose isomerase. (1990)

Crystallographic studies of D-xylose isomerase (D-xylose ketol-isomerase, EC 5.3.1.5) incubated to equilibrium with substrate/product mixtures of xylose and xylulose show electron density for a bound intermediate. The accumulation of this bound intermediate shows that the mechanism is a non-Michaelis type. Carrell et al. [Carrell, H. L., Glusker, J. P., Burger, V., Manfre, F., Tritsch, D. & Biellmann, J.-F. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 4440-4444] and the present authors studied crystals of the enzyme-substrate complex under different conditions and made different interpretations of the substrate density, leading to different conclusions about the enzyme mechanism. All authors agree that the bound intermediate of the sugar is in an open-chain form. It is suggested that the higher-temperature study of Carrell et al. may have produced an equilibrium of multiple states, whose density fits poorly to the open-chain substrate, and led to incorrect interpretation. The two groups also bound different closed-ring sugar analogues to the enzyme, but these analogues bind differently. A possible explanation consistent with all the data is that the enzyme operates by a hydride shift mechanism.
CD44, Hyaluronan, the Hematopoietic Stem Cell, and Leukemia-Initiating Cells (2015)

CD44 is an adhesion molecule that varies in size due to glycosylation and insertion of so-called variant exon products. The CD44 standard isoform (CD44s) is highly expressed in many cells and most abundantly in cells of the hematopoietic system, whereas expression of CD44 variant isoforms (CD44v) is more restricted. CD44s and CD44v are known as stem cell markers, first described for hematopoietic stem cells and later on confirmed for cancer- and leukemia-initiating cells. Importantly, both abundantly expressed CD44s as well as CD44v actively contribute to the maintenance of stem cell features, like generating and embedding in a niche, homing into the niche, maintenance of quiescence, and relative apoptosis resistance. This is surprising, as CD44 is not a master stem cell gene. I here will discuss that the functional contribution of CD44 relies on its particular communication skills with neighboring molecules, adjacent cells and, last not least, the surrounding matrix. In fact, it is the interaction of the hyaluronan receptor CD44 with its prime ligand, which strongly assists stem cells to fulfill their special and demanding tasks. Recent fundamental progress in support of this "old" hypothesis, which may soon pave the way for most promising new therapeutics, is presented for both hematopoietic stem cell and leukemia-initiating cell. The contribution of CD44 to the generation of a stem cell niche, to homing of stem cells in their niche, to stem cell quiescence and apoptosis resistance will be in focus.
QSAR Classification Models for Prediction of Hydroxamate Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Activity against Malaria Parasites (2022)

Malaria, caused by <i>Plasmodium</i> parasites, results in >400,000 deaths annually. There is no effective vaccine, and new drugs with novel modes of action are needed because of increasing parasite resistance to current antimalarials. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic regulatory enzymes that catalyze post-translational protein deacetylation and are promising malaria drug targets. Here, we describe quantitative structure-activity relationship models to predict the antiplasmodial activity of hydroxamate-based HDAC inhibitors. The models incorporate <i>P. falciparum</i> in vitro activity data for 385 compounds containing a hydroxamic acid and were subject to internal and external validation. When used to screen 22 new hydroxamate-based HDAC inhibitors for antiplasmodial activity, model <b>A7</b> (external accuracy 91%) identified three hits that were subsequently verified as having potent in vitro activity against <i>P. falciparum</i> parasites (IC<sub>50</sub> = 6, 71, and 84 nM), with 8 to 51-fold selectivity for <i>P. falciparum</i> versus human cells.
Image Transmission over Space Time Coded MIMO-OFDM System with Punctured Turbo Codes (2012)

A robust progressive compressed image using Punctured Turbo Codes (PTC) is considered while the image is transmitting over Space Time Coded (STC) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) systems. The Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) technique is used regarding to image coding and compression. SPIHT compression technique fits to be best in this scheme for quality improvement. The BER performance of the PTC over Gaussian noisy channel is first evaluated by assuming perfect channel state information at the receiver for coherent detection. Then this PTC applied to end to end system over wireless fading channel. In simulation results, BER performance of PTC SPIHT system evaluated and Punctured Convolutional Coded (PCC) scheme compared with PTC scheme. Generally, Turbo codes stands to combat the interference of the fading channel. Thus, the simulation results show the effectiveness of our proposed practical image transmission system.
240 nm UV LEDs for LISA test mass charge control (2015)

Test Masses inside the LISA Gravitational Reference Sensor must maintain almost pure geodesic motion for gravitational waves to be successfully detected. LISA requires residual test mass accelerations below 3 fm/s2/VHz at all frequencies between 0.1 and 3 mHz. One of the well-known noise sources is associated with the charges on the test masses which couple to stray electrical potentials and external electromagnetic fields. LISA Pathfinder will use Hg-discharge lamps emitting mostly around 254 nm to discharge the test masses via photoemission in its 2015/16 flight. A future LISA mission launched around 2030 will likely replace the lamps with newer UV-LEDs. Presented here is a preliminary study of the effectiveness of charge control using latest generation UV-LEDs which produce light at 240 nm with energy above the work function of pure Au. Their lower mass, better power efficiency and small size make them an ideal replacement for Hg lamps.
The Sword of the Spirit: Puritan Responses to the Bible (1981)

Other| March 01 1981 The Sword of the Spirit: Puritan Responses to the Bible R. KNOTT, JR JOHN. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1980. ix + 194 pp. $18.00. Ilona Bell Ilona Bell Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Modern Language Quarterly (1981) 42 (1): 90–93. https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-42-1-90 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Ilona Bell; The Sword of the Spirit: Puritan Responses to the Bible. Modern Language Quarterly 1 March 1981; 42 (1): 90–93. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-42-1-90 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsModern Language Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1981 by Duke University Press1981 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Reviews You do not currently have access to this content.
Mutagenesis (1992)

The prelims comprise: Introduction Taxonomy of Mutational Lesions Spontaneous Mutations Mutation Rates Mutational Spectra Mutator Genes Repair Mechanisms Induced Mutagenesis Antimutagenesis Insertional Mutagenesis with Transposable Genetic Elements Site-Specific Mutagenesis Industrial Application of Mutagenesis Conclusions References
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Application of Size-Controlled Nanocrystalline NaYF4:Yb,Er Infrared-to-Visible Up-Conversion Phosphors (2004)

Nanocrystalline infrared-to-visible up-conversion phosphors, ytterbium and erbium co-doped sodium yttrium fluoride, were synthesized. Spherical particles with narrow size distribution were prepared by a co-precipitation method in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Particles of controlled size in the range of 37 to 166 nm diameter were obtained by adjusting the molar ratio of EDTA to total lanthanides. Although the as-prepared nanoparticles emit very weak up-conversion fluorescence when excited by infrared light, the emission was enhanced by up to 40-fold after they were annealed at temperatures between 400 and 600 °C. By comparison with the bulk phosphor, the luminescence efficiency of the nanoparticle was estimated to be 1%. Factors affecting the particle size and their up-conversion fluorescence intensity were investigated by various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. Preliminary results demonstrated the nanoparticles as promising up-converting fluorescence labels in the detection of biological interactions.
A flexible architecture for the computation of direct and inverse transforms in H.264/AVC video codecs (2011)

A new high throughput and scalable architecture for unified transform coding in H.264/AVC is proposed in this paper. Such flexible structure is capable of computing all the 4×4 and 2×2 transforms for Ultra High Definition Video (UHDV) applications (4320×7680@30fps) in real-time and with low hardware cost. These significantly high performance levels were proven with the implementation of several different configurations of the proposed structure using both FPGA and ASIC 90 nm technologies. In addition, such experimental evaluation also demonstrated the high area efficiency of the proposed architecture, which in terms of Data Throughput per Unit of Area (DTUA) is at least 1.5 times more efficient than its more prominent related designs.
A Temperature Window for Chemical Vapor Decomposition Growth of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (2002)

Carbon single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs) grow efficiently from methane on alumina-supported metal catalysts within a fairly narrow temperature window from 680 to 850 °C. An abrupt onset in SWNT growth occurs at the low temperature side of the window, and SWNTs produced at these lower temperatures appear to be relatively free of amorphous or nanocrystalline carbon impurities. Raman spectroscopy shows that SWNT yield drops dramatically at the high-temperature side of the window where most previous chemical vapor decomposition (CVD) studies have been performed. The turn-on at the low-temperature side appears to be controlled by the thermodynamics of SWNT growth, while the turn-off at high temperatures is associated with competitive deposition of amorphous and nanocrystalline carbon. The existence of a temperature window for SWNT growth has not been reported elsewhere, and has important general consequences for CVD growth of SWNTs.