gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dissemination of a Chloramphenicol- and Tetracycline-Resistant but Penicillin-Susceptible Invasive Clone of Serotype 5 Streptococcus pneumoniae in Colombia (1999)

A national surveillance conducted in Colombia between 1994 and 1996 identified serotype 5 Streptococcus pneumoniae as the second most frequent cause of invasive disease in children younger than 5 years of age. All 43 serotype 5 isolates collected during this period were shown to be susceptible to penicillin, erythromycin, cefotaxime, and vancomycin, but most (38 of 43, or 88%) were highly resistant to chloramphenicol. In order to clarify a possible genetic relatedness among these isolates, additional microbiological and molecular characterizations were performed. Most (40 of 43, or 93%) of the isolates were found to be resistant to tetracycline. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of chromosomal DNAs revealed that all the 43 isolates were closely related and that 38 of the 43 isolates were representatives of a "Colombian clone" of S. pneumoniae isolates which were recovered throughout the 3-year surveillance period from patients in 13 hospitals located in five Colombian cities. Isolates belonging to this Colombian clone were resistant to chloramphenicol and tetracycline, hybridized with the cat and tetM DNA probes in the same 340-kb SmaI fragment, and had identical PFGE patterns after both SmaI and ApaI digestions.
Soluble Mediators From Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Reduce Intestinal Permeability And Bacterial Translocation In a Rat Model of Short Bowel Syndrome Model (2016)

Objectives and study The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effects of specific preparations of soluble mediators derived from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on intestinal barrier function in a rat model of short bowel syndrome (SBS). Methods 6‐week old male SD rats were randomized into experimental groups (n=8). Sham operated rats underwent bowel transection and re‐anastomosis. The remaining animals underwent 75% small bowel resection and received either supplementation of 5*10 8 CFU viable LGG, two different LGG soluble mediator preparations in an equivalent dose only differing in the desalting methodology applied (ultrafiltration vs. column chromatography), or PBS by intragastric gavage daily from day 2 throughout day 14 after small bowel resection. Body weight of the animals was measured regularly. On day 15, intestinal permeability (fluorescein isothiocyanate‐dextran‐40,000 Daltons) and bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and spleen were measured. Serum levels of endotoxin were detected. TNF‐α and IL‐6 levels in ileum content and serum were determined by ELISA. Intestinal adaptation was evaluated by assessing villus height and crypt depth. Expression of tight junction proteins was measured by western‐blotting. Statistical analysis was performed using a one‐way ANOVA or a non‐parametric test. Results Compared with the sham operated group, rats with massive bowel resection showed significantly lower body weight, increased villus height and crypt depth. Weight gain was higher in all the intervention groups as compared to SBS control animals at the end of the experiment, with supplementation of the ultrafiltered soluble mediator preparation being particularly effective. Intestinal permeability, bacterial translocation, as well as endotoxin and cytokine levels were all affected in the SBS control group compared to sham operated animals. However, these were counteracted by the interventions, with supplementation of both LGG soluble mediator preparations leading to lower levels of FD‐40 than supplementation with viable LGG, and particularly the ultrafiltered preparation resulted in significantly lower endotoxin levels. The relative expression of occludin, ZO‐1, claudin‐1 and −4 in ileum was decreased after massive bowel resection, but this effect was ameliorated by supplementation with the specific LGG soluble mediator preparations. Conclusions Enteral supplementation of LGG or specific LGG derived soluble mediators improves intestinal permeability, reduces bacterial translocation, and lowers both systemic and local inflammation in a rat model of SBS. The LGG soluble mediators may not only mimic some of the biological effects of viable LGG, but may even show stronger activity in reducing inflammation and supporting intestinal barrier integrity, likely through up‐regulation of specific tight junction protein expression. Support or Funding Information The study was financially supported by Mead Johnson Nutrition.
A guide to condition assessment of gas turbine hot gas path components (2007)

Maintenance and/or replacement of hot gas path (HGP) components in gas turbines represent a major fraction of the cost of installation and operation. Condition assessment of HGP components can increase reliability and minimise costs, based on sound metallurgical and mechanical analysis. In this paper relevant improvements to condition assessment procedures and analyses are described, including γ’ precipitate sizing and lifing techniques used on precipitation-hardened Ni-based superalloys. Non-destructive testing, optical metallography and miniature creep testing are also covered. Understanding the operation and possible failure mechanisms of the component in service is the key to selecting an appropriate assessment procedure to facilitate optimisation of component lives and repair cycles
Appwrapping Providing Fine-Grained Security Policy Enforcement Per Method Unit in Android (2017)

Enterprise mobility management (EMM) solution is widely used to securely protect confidential information stored on an individual's smartphone, while increasing the efficiency because of BYOD policy. The application wrapping (Appwrapping) technology is one way to be applied EMM solutions, by modifying binary applications without the original source code. In the past, Appwrapping was performed to control permissions or APIs to protect privacy on Android. This method is applied collectively to the whole section, not a specific section of the app, so it is difficult to control the section (flow) desired by the user or the manager. In addition, system overhead can occur because the control is applied to the whole section of the app. In this paper, we propose a method to insert an additional security policy code at a certain interval position in the intermediate code of a binary app, so that it can be controlled at a specific interval rather than the whole interval of the app. The proposed method extracts and saves the security policy intermediate code and the related file in advance and then adds the security policy code to the specific method on the intermediate code of the specific activity acquired by decompiling the target app. Finally, the additional security policy code is modified to avoid errors caused by the additional code. We create an automation tool for performance verification, experiment with five commercial office apps, and confirm that the apps work properly with the added EMM security functions.
Superlinear Photoconductivity (1969)

Abstract Using the method described in the preceding paper [1] general conditions are derived for the case that a photocurrent increases stronger than linear with the excitation strength G . If this so‐called superlinear photoconductivity is caused by a superlinear dependence of the majority carrier concentration on G , the necessary and sufficient conditions for an n‐type conductor are as follows: 1. With increasing G a group of imperfections whose concentration is sufficiently large and which were essentially unoccupied before, has to be fully occupied by electrons. 2. There must not simultaneously be a group of hole traps fully occupied by holes. 3. The rate determining slowest process in the recombination mechanism must be the capture of holes by the recombination centres.
Biaxial fluid oscillations can propel a microcapsule swimmer in an arbitrary direction (2018)

Due to their potential usefulness in engineering and medical applications, various artificial microswimmers have been proposed. In our previous paper et al. [T. Morita, T. Omori, and T. Ishikawa, Phys. Rev. E 98, 023108 (2018)], we introduced a microcapsule swimmer that underwent amoeboidlike shape deformation under vertical fluid oscillation and showed the advantages of using a solid membrane and fluid oscillation in terms of swimmer controllability. Although the microcapsule was capable of migrating in the Stokes flow regime, the propulsion direction was limited to vertically upward or downward. In this paper, therefore, we attempted to control the propulsion of a microcapsule in an arbitrary direction by imposing biaxial fluid oscillations, which is a major step toward future applications. Numerical results showed that the microcapsule could migrate in the horizontal and vertical directions by imposing biaxial fluid oscillations in the vertical and horizontal planes, respectively. The horizontal propulsion can be understood in terms of effective and recovery strokes, i.e., a stroke swimmer, whereas vertical propulsion is similar to rigid body motion induced by a torque, i.e., a torque swimmer. By sequentially imposing three types of fluid oscillations, we successfully controlled the microswimmer to draw a \ensuremath{\Pi}-shaped trajectory. Thus, these results illustrate that the position and trajectory of the microswimmer can be controlled arbitrarily in three dimensions. The knowledge presented in this paper is important for future artificial microswimmer designs.
Petrophysics of Kerogens Based on Realistic Structures (2021)

Combining hydraulic fracturing with lateral drilling has allowed for economical hydrocarbon production from unconventional formations. Nevertheless, beyond hydraulic fracturing, our understanding of how hydrocarbons are stored and transported from the stimulated volume of a reservoir is still limited. Source rocks consist of organic materials finely dispersed within an inorganic matrix. Despite their small size, these organic pockets are capable of storing significant amounts of hydrocarbon due to their large surface area. The extent of the source rock's storage capacity is determined by several factors, including the natural fracture abundancy, organic material content, type, and level of maturity. The petrophysical properties of organic materials, also known as kerogens, are subject to a high degree of uncertainty. Kerogens are difficult to isolate experimentally, which hinders accurate petrophysical analysis. The objective of this research was to use a molecular modeling approach to explore the petrophysical characteristics of kerogen. Kerogen macromolecules of different types and maturity levels were recreated via a computational platform. Then nanoporous structures representing these kerogens were obtained and characterized. Several elemental parameters, including porosity, density, pore size distribution, and adsorption capacity were closely delineated. The kerogen properties were found to correlate with the kerogen type and thermal maturity level. Kerogen type III showed the highest storage capacity, followed by types II and I, in a descending order. Moreover, in the same type of kerogen, a general trend of increasing storage capacity was observed as the maturity level increased. Methane adsorption capacity was modeled as a function of kerogen porosity. A transition flow regime was found to be the predominant mechanism. Such observations have significant implications for reservoir-scale modeling of unconventional resources.
A phase II study of pembrolizumab in combination with mFOLFOX6 for patients with advanced colorectal cancer. (2017)

3541 Background: Pembrolizumab (PEM) has activity in patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC). Oxaliplatin (OX) and 5FU lead to immunogenic cell death and increased antigen presentation. We hypothesized that combining mFOLFOX6 and PEM may enhance immunogenic cell death and improve outcome in patients with CRC irrespective of MMR status. Methods: Subjects ≥18 years old with untreated, unresectable CRC were assigned to a single arm study. The study had a safety run in cohort of six patients (OX 85 mg/m 2 , leucovorin 400 mg/m 2 , 5FU 400 mg/m 2 , 5FU infusion 2400 mg/m 2 over 46 hours) and PEM 200 mg Q 3 weeks, followed by a phase II cohort. The primary objective was median progression free survival (mPFS), with secondary objectives: safety and toxicity per CTCAE V4.03, median overall survival, response rate, immune related response, disease control rate, and molecular correlates. Results: Between 4/2015 and 9/2016, 30 subjects were enrolled with following characteristics: 11 female, 26 Caucasian, median age: 45 years (25-75), 3 with dMMR, 22 MMR-proficient, and 5 with no available data. During the safety run in, 2 patients had G3 febrile neutropenia (FN) and 1 G4 neutropenia. The data safety monitoring committee recommended dose reduction of mFOLFOX6 to OX 68 mg/m 2 , leucovorin 400 mg/m 2 , 5FU of 320 mg/m 2 , 5FU infusion of 1920 mg/m 2 over 46 hours and PEM 200 mg Q 3 weeks. At the data cut off (12/29/16), median follow up was 24 weeks (10-66) and 27 patients remained on study. Rate of G3/4 toxicity associated with FOLFOX/PEM and PEM alone was 36.7% and 13.2%, respectively. No further FN was observed. No grade 5 toxicity was seen on study. Best response was recorded as: 1 complete response, 15 partial response (CR +PR = 53%), and 14 stable disease, with 100% DCR at 8 weeks. One patient with dMMR had resection after 2 months of therapy with complete pathologic response. MPFS has not been reached (95% CI: 5.5 months, NR). Conclusions: Based on these preliminary results, PEM/mFOLFOX6 has acceptable toxicity though demonstrated a suggestion of increased neutropenia in the initial cohort. Clinical activity was seen in patients with untreated advanced CRC including those with proficient MMR. Clinical trial information: NCT02375672.
Effect of salts on textural, color, and rheological properties of potato starch gels (2013)

The objective of this study was to determine effects of salts on textural, color, and rheological properties of potato starch gels. Sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and calcium lactate had no significant effect on textural properties of starch gels. However, gel strength was significantly increased by addition of copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, ferric sulfate, and ferric chloride, and decreased greatly by addition of ferric citrate. Effects of salts on the hardness of potato starch gels were similar to that on gel strength. The L* values of starch gels were reduced by adding sodium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium lactate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and ferric citrate. Potato starch suspensions with salts exhibited higher storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″), except with 1% sodium chloride. Results showed that salts had significant effects on the textural, color, and rheological properties of potato starch gels.
Rapid communication: polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in the bovine growth hormone gene (1994)

Journal Article Rapid communication: polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in the bovine growth hormone gene Get access M. M. Unanian, M. M. Unanian 3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. K. DeNise, S. K. DeNise 3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721 2To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. M. Zhang, H. M. Zhang 3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. L. Ax R. L. Ax 3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Animal Science, Volume 72, Issue 8, August 1994, Page 2203, https://doi.org/10.2527/1994.7282203x Published: 01 August 1994 Article history Received: 08 April 1994 Accepted: 23 May 1994 Published: 01 August 1994
Executive summary of the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop + 10 (2012)

STRAW + 10 provides a more comprehensive basis for assessing reproductive aging in research and clinical contexts. Application of the STRAW + 10 staging system should improve comparability of studies of midlife women and facilitate clinical decision making. Nonetheless, important knowledge gaps persist, and seven research priorities are identified.
ECONOMICS, INFLATION AND AUTOMATION (1977)

The development of interactive automation as against 19th and 20th century mechanisation makes it vital to understand the interplay between the capital cost of automation, usage rates and the possibilities for versatile automation. The importance of such factors is amplified even further when subjected to the pressures of an inflationary environment. This paper attempts to take a global view of these interacting forces so as to create a balanced picture for the understanding of such effects.
La Universitat de València frente a la práctica de compartir material adicional: análisis a través de las publicaciones científicas del año 2018 (2022)

Las editoriales, revistas, organismos públicos y privados, así como las instituciones académicas, han promovido en los últimos años la compartición de aquel material que forma parte del proceso de investigación, pero que por diversas razones no se ha podido incluir en la publicación final. No obstante, poco se sabe sobre cuánto de este material adicional efectivamente se comparte y cuáles son sus características. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar en qué medida comparte material adicional en publicaciones científicas el personal docente e investigador (PDI) de la Universitat de València (UV). Para ello, se obtuvo una muestra representativa de los 5.679 artículos publicados por el PDI de la UV en el año 2018. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que solo una cuarta parte de los documentos tiene algún tipo de material adicional, con una baja frecuencia de archivos con material reutilizable y focalizados especialmente en áreas del conocimiento específicas. Sin embargo, de estos, una gran mayoría están en el primer cuartil de Journal Cititation Report o Scimago Journal Rank. Se sugiere la necesidad de establecer políticas en la Universitat de València que promuevan la formación sobre el depósito de material adicional y datos de investigación en los artículos de investigación.
Intrinsic Peroxidase‐like Activity of Porous CuO Micro‐/nanostructures with Clean Surface (2014)

Abstract Porous CuO micro‐/nanostructures with clean surface, prepared through Cu 2 (OH) 2 CO 3 precursor followed by calcination in air, were proven to be an effective peroxidase mimic. They can quickly catalyze oxidation of the peroxidase substrate 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H 2 O 2 , producing a blue color. The obtained porous CuO micro‐/nanostructure have potential application in wastewater treatment. The apparent steady‐state kinetic parameter was studied with TMB as the substrate. In addition, the potential application of the porous CuO in wastewater treatment was demonstrated with phenol‐containing water as an example. Such investigation not only confirms the intrinsic peroxidase‐like activity of micro‐/nanostructured CuO, but also suggests its potential application in wastewater treatment.
General morbidity and working capacity in patients with chronic adrenal insufficiency – A prospective study (2015)

Objective: Association of chronic adrenal insufficiency (AI) with reduced subjective health status and increased morbidity and mortality has been observed in retrospective analyses. We aimed to evaluate general morbidity and impairment in working life in a prospective study of patients with chronic primary and secondary AI (PAI/SAI).
Monoclonal Antibody to Fungal Glucosylceramide Protects Mice against LethalCryptococcus neoformansInfection (2007)

Glucosylceramides (GlcCer) are involved in the regulation of Cryptococcus neoformans virulence. In the present study, we demonstrate that passive immunization with a monoclonal antibody to GlcCer significantly reduces host inflammation and prolongs the survival of mice lethally infected with C. neoformans, revealing a potential therapeutic strategy to control cryptococcosis.
Clinical Utility of a Commercial LAM-ELISA Assay for TB Diagnosis in HIV-Infected Patients Using Urine and Sputum Samples (2010)

These preliminary data indicate that in a high burden primary care setting the diagnostic usefulness of urine-LAM is limited, as a rule-in test, to a specific patient subgroup i.e. smear-negative HIV-infected TB patients with a CD4 count <200 cells/mm(3), who would otherwise have required further investigation. However, even in this group sensitivity was modest. Future and adequately powered studies in a primary care setting should now specifically target patients with suspected TB who have advanced HIV infection.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Stagonolide C (2012)

Abstract A convergent and efficient total synthesis of stagonolide C ( 1 ), a phytotoxic metabolite, was achieved ( Schemes 2 and 3 ) The synthesis exploited the high configuration control in the Prins cyclization along with alkene rearrangement and ring‐closing metathesis as key steps.
Secure Compression: Theory \& Practice. (2014)

Encryption and compression are frequently used together in both network and storage systems, for example in TLS. Despite often being used together, there has not been a formal framework for analyzing these combined systems; moreover, the systems are usually just a simple chaining of compression followed by encryption. In this work, we present the first formal framework for proving security in combined compression-encryption schemes and relate it to the traditional notion of semantic security. We call this entropy-restricted semantic security. Additionally, we present a new, efficient cipher, called the squeeze cipher, that combines compression and encryption into a single primitive and provably achieves our entropy-restricted security.
Purification, Kinetic Properties, and cDNA Cloning of Mammalian Betaine-Homocysteine Methyltransferase (1996)

Porcine liver betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT; EC) was purified to homogeneity, and the Michaelis constants for betaine, dimethylacetothetin, and L-homocysteine are 23, 155, and 32 µM, respectively. The maximum rate of catalysis is 47-fold greater using dimethylacetothetin as a methyl donor compared with betaine. Partial amino acid sequence of porcine BHMT was obtained, and inosine-containing redundant oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify an 815-base pair sequence of the porcine cDNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nondegenerate oligonucleotide primers based on the porcine cDNA were synthesized and used to isolate a 463-base pair fragment of the human cDNA by PCR. The human PCR DNA product was then used to screen a cDNA library by plaque hybridization, and cDNAs encoding human BHMT were isolated. The primary structure of the human cDNA is reported here, and the open reading frame encodes a 406-residue protein of <i>M</i><sub>r</sub> 44,969. The deduced amino acid sequence of human BHMT shows limited homology to bacterial vitamin B<sub>12</sub>-dependent methionine synthases (EC). A plasmid containing the human BHMT cDNA fused in frame to the N terminus of β-galactosidase was transformed into <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and transformants expressed BHMT activity, an activity that is absent from wild type <i>E. coli</i>.