gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation and design optimization guidelines of characteristic variability in silicon nanowire CMOS technology (2009)

In this paper, the characteristic variability in gate-all-around (GAA) silicon nanowire MOSFETs (SNWTs) is experimentally studied. Variation sources in SNWTs are extracted for the first time, taking into account the strongly-confined geometry induced quantum effect, quasi-ballistic effects, as well as the parasitic quantum resistance at the interface of 1D channel and 3D wide S/D regions. The measured results show that with suppressed random dopant fluctuations (RDF) in the intrinsic channel, variations in radius (R) and metal-gate work function (WF) of SNWTs dominate both the threshold voltage and on-current fluctuations, and line-edge-roughness (LER) shows minor impact. The influence of the SNWT variation sources on SRAM performance is estimated and compared with planar devices. In addition to process variation, variation induced by random telegraph signal (RTS) noise in SNWTs is also investigated for the evaluation of SRAM cell operating window. Design optimization guidelines are given based on the SRAM variation analyzed results.
Removal of Direction of Time Ambiguity in Two-Color SHG FROG (2022)

A method to eliminate the direction-of-time ambiguity in SHG FROG measurements of two-color pulses is proposed. It involves recording an additional FROG trace with a different temporal separation between the pulse's components.
Role of conspecific cues and sugars in the settlement of cyprids of the barnacle, Balanus amphitrite (2011)

Gregarious settlement in barnacle is attributed to the settlement-inducing protein complex of cuticular glycoprotein, arthropodin. In this study, we characterized arthropodin protein complex (APC) from crude protein extracts of whole barnacle (AE), and also from soft body (SbE) and shell (ShE). The settlement of cyprids exposed to surfaces coated with different crude protein extracts and APC components was evaluated. In the natural environment, larvae are also exposed to different dissolved sugars. Therefore, the cyprids were tagged with different sugars and exposed to AE, SbE and ShE in order to elucidate their specific role in determining the way barnacle cyprids identify conspecifics. A previously undescribed 66-kDa subunit was observed in shell and soft body APC, and a 98-kDa subunit was observed in shell APC. Both the subunits were shown to inhibit settlement when alone but promoted settlement in combination (ShE), suggesting that these proteins interact in a coordinated manner. The crude adult extract (AE) facilitated higher settlement compared with shell or soft body extract. However, when cyprids were tagged with different sugars and exposed to the surfaces coated with different crude protein extracts, settlement response differed and was jointly determined by the type and concentration of sugars. Such interactions could play an important role in nature as larvae encounter surfaces covered with different glycoproteins and also experience different dissolved cues.
Application of anodization in Oxygen plasma to fabrication of GaAs IGFET's (1980)

Anodic oxide grown in oxygen plasma has been used to fabricate the gate insulator of GaAs insulated-gate field-effect transistors (IGFET's), by patterning the gate electrode of 1.2 µm in length with the dry etching process. It is found that the oxidation process does not damage the electrical property of the channel layer. However, the trap states at the interface between the oxide and the channel affect the low-frequency characteristics, especially at positive gate voltage. The IGFET's show a good high-frequency performance comparable to GaAs MESFET's. The following characteristics are confirmed from the measurement of the S-parameters and the equivalent circuit analysis; the maximum stable power gain is 11.4 dB at 8 GHz, the cut-off frequency of the unilateral power gain is 48 GHz, and the intrinsic gain-bandwidth product is 18 GHz. The minimum noise figure is measured to be 4.8 dB at 8 GHz.
ŞİRKET ETKİNLİKLERİ: İMKB 100 İMALAT SANAYİ ŞİRKETLERİ UYGULAMASI (2015)

In this study, efficiency levels of 25 manufacturing firms listed in the ISE 100 index are measured for the period before and after the 2008 crisis by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Afterwards, a ranking is made between the firms which are efficient by using super efficient analysis. In the study current ratio, receivables turnover ratio, inventory turnover ratio, long term debt/equity and financial leverage are used as input data and return on asset and return on equity are used as output data in order to analyze input oriented efficiency. As a result of the analysis, only 3 of the firms are found efficient before and after crisis period. Nonetheless, 3 firms were not able to remain efficient during global crisis period
Supination External Rotational Ankle Fracture Injury Pattern Correlation With Regional Bone Density (2018)

Level III, prognostic retrospective cohort study.
<title>Multilayered focal plane structures with self-aligning detector assembly</title> (1996)

ISC has developed an unique form of bump bonding based on a plug and socket concept which allows high density reflow solder array interconnects. Solder bumps with diameters of 50 microns and heights of 15 microns are plugged into sockets of photo definable polyimide 75 microns in diameter and 10 microns high. The technique is used to flip chip bond infrared detector arrays to Z-technology modules without the need for complex aligner-bonder tooling. The same method has been used for die interconnection bonding to substrates and motherboards, module to module interconnect array bonding and die to module bonding. The inherent self-alignment which occurs during reflow of an array of solder bumps has been shown useful in obtaining precise, 1 micron range, alignment accuracy between electro-optical components, such as gallium arsenide light emitting diodes and polymer waveguides deposited on a silicon substrate. The same plug and socket technology is being extended for applications using compliant polymer bumps.
Error probability evaluation of a novel cooperative communications signaling strategy in CDMA systems (2006)

The powerful benefits of multi-antenna systems can be obtained by cooperative communications among users in multiple access environments without the need for physical arrays. This paper studies a novel cooperative signaling strategy that achieves high performance and low implementation complexity for synchronous code division multiple access (CDMA) wireless mobile networks. The validity of the proposed strategy under slow flat Rayleigh fading channel plus additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) is verified through closed-form error probability expressions and Monte-Carlo simulations. A variety of analytical results reveal that the new cooperative strategy significantly outperforms direct transmission subject to the same spectral efficiency and transmit power constraint.
Circulating Foamy Macrophages in the Golden Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) Model of Leptospirosis (2021)

Leptospirosis is a world-wide zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira and can be asymptomatic or can cause clinical signs ranging from influenza-like to multi-organ failure and death in severe cases. While species and strain specificity can play a major role in disease presentation, the hamster is susceptible to most leptospiral infections and is the model of choice for vaccine efficacy testing. During evaluation of blood smears from hamsters challenged with different species and strains of Leptospira, a circulating population of large, mononuclear, lipid-filled cells, most similar to foamy macrophages (FMs), was detected. Circulating FMs were identified by Giemsa staining and verified by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. FMs were found in the circulating blood of all Leptospira-challenged hamsters, indicating that the finding was not species or strain specific, although higher numbers of FMs tended to correlate with severity of disease. The unique finding of circulating FMs in the hamster model of leptospirosis can yield additional insights into the pathogenesis of leptospirosis and other diseases that induce circulating FMs.
Locally Adaptive Support-Weight Approach for Visual Correspondence Search (2005)

In this paper, we present a new area-based method for visual correspondence search that focuses on the dissimilarity computation. Local and area-based matching methods generally measure the similarity (or dissimilarity) between the image pixels using local support windows. In this approach, an appropriate support window should be selected adaptively for each pixel to make the measure reliable and certain. Finding the optimal support window with an arbitrary shape and size is, however, very difficult and generally known as an NP-hard problem. For this reason, unlike the existing methods that try to find an optimal support window, we adjusted the support-weight of each pixel in a given support window. The adaptive support-weight of a pixel is computed based on the photometric and geometric relationship with the pixel under consideration. Dissimilarity is then computed using the raw matching costs and support-weights of both support windows, and the correspondence is finally selected by the WTA (winner-takes-all) method. The experimental results for the rectified real images show that the proposed method successfully produces piecewise smooth disparity maps while preserving sharp depth discontinuities accurately.
Critical Roles of Calpastatin in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Aged Livers (2021)

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury unavoidably occurs during hepatic resection and transplantation. Aged livers poorly tolerate I/R during surgical treatment. Although livers have a powerful endogenous inhibitor of calpains, calpastatin (CAST), I/R activates calpains, leading to impaired autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and hepatocyte death. It is unknown how I/R in aged livers affects CAST. Human and mouse liver biopsies at different ages were collected during in vivo I/R. Hepatocytes were isolated from 3-month- (young) and 26-month-old (aged) mice, and challenged with short in vitro simulated I/R. Cell death, protein expression, autophagy, and mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) between the two age groups were compared. Adenoviral vector was used to overexpress CAST. Significant cell death was observed only in reperfused aged hepatocytes. Before the commencement of ischemia, CAST expression in aged human and mouse livers and mouse hepatocytes was markedly greater than that in young counterparts. However, reperfusion substantially decreased CAST in aged human and mouse livers. In hepatocytes, reperfusion rapidly depleted aged cells of CAST, cleaved autophagy-related protein 5 (ATG5), and induced defective autophagy and MPT onset, all of which were blocked by CAST overexpression. Furthermore, mitochondrial morphology was shifted toward an elongated shape with CAST overexpression. In conclusion, CAST in aged livers is intrinsically short-lived and lost after short I/R. CAST depletion contributes to age-dependent liver injury after I/R.
Polyhedral classifier for target detection (2008)

In this study we introduce a novel algorithm for learning a polyhedron to describe the target class. The proposed approach takes advantage of the limited subclass information made available for the negative samples and jointly optimizes multiple hyperplane classifiers each of which is designed to classify positive samples from a subclass of the negative samples. The flat faces of the polyhedron provides robustness whereas multiple faces contributes to the flexibility required to deal with complex datasets. Apart from improving the prediction accuracy of the system, the proposed polyhedral classifier also provides run-time speedups as a by-product when executed in a cascaded framework in real-time. We evaluate the performance of the proposed technique on a real-world Colon dataset both in terms of prediction accuracy and online execution speed.
Relevance of rosette patterns in variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (2020)

These findings demonstrate that in our dataset the architectural pattern of RLC was not recognised within PTC variants. However, we did identify a pseudo-RLC pattern that was observed in association with tall cell variant and hobnail variant cases of PTC.
The effect of (−)-hydroxycitrate on the activity of the low-density-lipoprotein receptor and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase levels in the human hepatoma cell line Hep G2 (1990)

(-)-Hydroxycitrate, a potent inhibitor of ATP citrate-lyase, was tested in Hep G2 cells for effects on cholesterol homoeostasis. After 2.5 h and 18 h incubations with (-)-hydroxycitrate at concentrations of 0.5 mM or higher, incorporation of [1,5-14C]citrate into fatty acids and cholesterol was strongly inhibited. This most likely reflects an effective inhibition of ATP citrate-lyase. Cholesterol biosynthesis was decreased to 27% of the control value as measured by incorporations from 3H2O, indicating a decreased flux of carbon units through the cholesterol-synthetic pathway. After 18 h preincubation with 2 mM-(-)-hydroxycitrate, the cellular low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity was increased by 50%, as determined by the receptor-mediated association and degradation. Measurements of receptor-mediated binding versus LDL concentration suggests that this increase was due to an increase in the numbers of LDL receptors. Simultaneously, enzyme levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase as determined by activity measurements increased 30-fold. Our results suggest that the increases in HMG-CoA reductase and the LDL receptor are initiated by the decreased flux of carbon units in the cholesterol-synthetic pathway, owing to inhibition of ATP citratelyase. A similar induction of HMG-CoA reductase and LDL receptor was also found after preincubations of cells with 0.3 microM-mevinolin, suggesting that the underlying mechanism for this induction is identical for both drugs.
Interleukin‐8 Receptor Knockout Mice Have Subepithelial Neutrophil Entrapment and Renal Scarring following Acute Pyelonephritis (2000)

Interleukin (IL)-8 receptor knockout (KO) mice were shown to have a dysfunctional neutrophil response to urinary tract infection and to develop renal scarring. Intravesical Escherichia coli infection stimulated epithelial chemokine secretion and IL-8 receptor expression in control mice. Neutrophils migrated through the tissues and crossed the epithelial barrier into the urinary tract lumen. In murine IL-8 receptor homologue (mIL-8Rh) KO mice, infection triggered a chemokine response, and neutrophils were recruited but failed to traverse the mucosal barrier and accumulated under the epithelium. After 7 days, control mice were healthy, and infection was cleared, but mIL-8Rh KO mice had swollen kidneys, with neutrophil abscesses and high numbers of bacteria. After 35 days, they developed kidney pathology and renal scarring. The results demonstrate that chemokine receptors drive transepithelial neutrophil migration. In their absence, the neutrophils are trapped, and the tissues are destroyed. This molecular deficiency may determine the progression from acute pyelonephritis to renal scarring.
Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective C-5 Arylation of 1,2,3-Triazoles with Diaryliodonium Salts (2017)

An effective method for C-5 arylation of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles and C-5 regioselective arylation of 1-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles via sp2 C–H activation with palladium as a catalyst and diaryliodonium salts as arylating reagents is described. Various electron-rich and electron-deficient substituents attached to triazoles and diaryliodonium salts were tolerable to give the desired products with good isolated yields in 24 hours under air atmosphere.
Impact of vane clocking on the TEC loss in Rig (2017)

The 30% span profile section of the H-TEC highly loaded Turbine Exit Casing was transformed into a plain cascade configuration with identical pressure distribution and loading level. At increasing levels of complexity the incompressible flow in cascade is studied first at different inlet turbulence levels at the Technische Universität Braunschweig. Unsteady inlet conditions were then generated using rotating bars at the cascade wind tunnel of the Armed Forces University Munich at compressible flow speeds and varying Reynolds numbers. Finally the TEC configuration is investigated in the TU Graz STTF 1.5 stage turbine rig using a conventional 5-hole-probe, a miniature Pitot-probe and a hot wire anemometer. A special test- and evaluation concept allows for highly accurate data. The results show a strong vane-TEC clocking, which for the TEC total pressure inlet profile may be approximated by a sine-function. Downstream the TEC, between the wakes, still a sinus shaped total pressure variation is found. Two loss coefficients are evaluated (i) by a classical control volume approach between TEC inlet and exit plane and (ii) by a so-called viscous wake approach. This method compares the viscous flow in the wake region with a hypothetical potential flow deduced from the flow in the same exit plane between the TEC wakes. The viscous wake method compared at 30% span quite nicely to the cascade data. However, the control volume approach yields more than twice the cascade loss, which indicates further loss sources to exist, e.g. unsteady losses to rise from a vane wake - rotor - TEC interaction or turbulence to impact the probe reading.
An optimal signal design for band-limited asynchronous DS-CDMA communications (2002)

An optimal signal design for band-limited, asynchronous, direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) communications with aperiodic random spreading sequences and a conventional matched filter receiver is considered in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. With bandwidth defined in the strict sense, two optimization problems are solved under finite bandwidth and zero interchip interference constraints. First, a chip waveform optimization is performed given the system bandwidth, the data symbol transmission rate, and the processing gain. A technique to characterize a band-limited chip waveform with a finite number of parameters is developed, and it is used to derive optimum chip waveforms which minimize the effect of multiple-access interference (MAI) for any energy and delay profile of users. Next, a joint optimization of the processing gain and the chip waveform is performed, given the system bandwidth and the data symbol transmission rate. A sufficient condition for a system to have lower average probability of bit error for any energy profile is found, and it is used to derive some design strategies. It is shown that the flat spectrum pulse with the processing gain leading to zero excess bandwidth results in the minimum average probability of bit error. Design examples and numerical results are also provided.
Effect of oxygen vacancies on the laser-induced damage resistance of Y_026Hf_074O_x thin films (2014)

The influence of the oxygen sub-stoichiometry on the femtosecond laser-induced damage resistance of Y0.26Hf0.74Ox films was investigated in this work. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy was applied to analyze the various states of oxygen vacancies (V(O)), and laser-induced damage measurement was performed using a single 500 fs pulse laser at a wavelength of 1030 nm. Based on the PL spectra, a probable band gap structure with different defect energy levels was obtained, which is significant in explaining an observed inverse correlation between the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) and the concentration of V(O). The crystallization and the refractive index, which were previously found to be crucial factors in laser-induced damage resistance of optical thin films, are also closely dependent on the amount of induced oxygen vacancies.
Diphenylamino-Substituted 2,5-Diarylsiloles for Single-Layer Organic Electroluminescent Devices (2001)

Abstract A series of diphenylamino-substituted 2,5-diarylsiloles has been prepared and their photophysical and electrochemical properties have been determined. The single layer EL devices with the ITO/silole/Mg:Ag configuration emitted a greenish-yellow light with a high luminous efficiency.
Predictors of Sacubitril/Valsartan High Dose Tolerability in a Real World Population with HFrEF (2022)

Our study is the first to analyse the potential role of echocardiography and, in particular, of RV dysfunction, measured by TAPSE, in predicting Sac/Val maximum dose tolerability. Therefore, patients with RV dysfunction (baseline TAPSE <16 mm, in our cohort) might benefit from a different strategy to titrate Sac/Val, such as starting from the lowest dose and/or waiting for a more extended period of observation before attempting with the higher doses.
INFLUENCE OF TRANSPLANT NEPHRECTOMY ON PANEL REACTIVE ANTIBODY TITER AND WAITING TIME FOR SECOND KIDNEY TRANSPLANTS (1999)

651 The optimum management of patients with a chronically rejected but asymptomatic renal allograft is not known. Several authors have suggested that transplant nephrectomy is associated with elevated panel reactive antibody (PRA) titers and diminished second graft survival when compared to non-nephrectomized patients. Removal of chronically rejected renal allografts is usually done for symptoms (ie: hematuria). The role and utility of elective transplant nephrectomy has not been studied. Methods: A retrospective review of transplant patients with graft failure due to chronic rejection who were retransplanted or who are awaiting a second kidney transplant. Results: Between 1986 and 1996, 52 patients lost their first kidney graft due to chronic rejection and returned to the cadaver kidney transplant waiting list. Forty-one have received a second kidney transplant and 11 are still waiting. Twenty-six patients (50%) underwent transplant nephrectomy prior to receiving their second kidney transplant. There were no statistically significant differences between the nephrectomized and non-nephrectomized patients when compared for age, sex, primary kidney disease, HLA matching, number of rejection episodes, use of ALG induction immunosuppression or length of survival of the first graft. Patients who underwent transplant nephrectomy were more likely to have high peak titers (>50%) of PRA (14/26 versus 4/26; p=.002) and waited longer for a second transplant (31 months versus 14 months; p=.0002). A subset of patients (n=12) underwent transplant nephrectomy electively whereas the remainder underwent nephrectomy for symptoms (n=14). Patients having elective nephrectomies were less likely to have a high peak titer of PRA (4/12 versus 10/14; p=.02) however waiting times for second kidney transplants were equally long (29 months versus 32 months; p=NS) when compared to patients undergoing nephrectomy for symptoms. Conclusion: If managed expectantly, 35% of patients with a failed renal allograft due to chronic rejection will develop symptoms that require transplant nephrectomy. When transplant nephrectomy is performed for symptoms, it is associated with a very high probability of developing a high peak titer of PRA and prolonged waiting times for repeat transplantation. If transplant nephrectomy is performed electively, the probability of developing a high titer of PRA is reduced.