gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using Drosophila behavioral assays to characterize terebrid venom-peptide bioactivity (2018)

The number of newly discovered peptides from the transcriptomes and proteomes of animal venom arsenals is rapidly increasing, resulting in an abundance of uncharacterized peptides. There is a pressing need for a systematic, cost effective, and scalable approach to identify physiological effects of venom peptides. To address this discovery-to-function gap, we developed a sequence driven:activity-based hybrid approach for screening venom peptides that is amenable to large-venom peptide libraries with minimal amounts of peptide. Using this approach, we characterized the physiological and behavioral phenotypes of two peptides from the venom of predatory terebrid marine snails, teretoxins Tv1 from Terebra variegata and Tsu1.1 from Terebra subulata. Our results indicate that Tv1 and Tsu1.1 have distinct bioactivity. Tv1 (100 µM) had an antinociceptive effect in adult Drosophila using a thermal nociception assay to measure heat avoidance. Alternatively, Tsu1.1 (100 µM) increased food intake. These findings describe the first functional bioactivity of terebrid venom peptides in relation to pain and diet and indicate that Tv1 and Tsu1.1 may, respectively, act as antinociceptive and orexigenic agents. Tv1 and Tsu1.1 are distinct from previously identified venom peptides, expanding the toolkit of peptides that can potentially be used to investigate the physiological mechanisms of pain and diet.
The new “rapid responder” (2008)

As rapid response team members, pharmacists set appropriate dosing levels, make medications available, and determine if medications contributed to patient deterioration.
37.3: Development of Electrophoretic Display Using Microcapsulated Suspension (1998)

Abstract A newly developed electrophoretic display(EPD) using the microcapsule technique is reported. The EPD is composed of two films with electrodes and microcapsulated suspensions having a diameter of 40 to 60 micrometers sandwiched in between. Besides lower current consumption, longer power‐off display memory and others, the significant merit is the increased possibilities of structuring to meet a wide variety of applications, e.g., fine‐pitched display, large‐area‐matrix, etc.
Boosting Second-Harmonic Generation in Nonlinear Metasurfaces with Bound States in the Continuum (2019)

We apply the concept of bound states in the continuum to nonlinear metasurfaces with a broken in-plane symmetry and realize high-Q resonances boosting dramatically the SHG efficiency via a smart asymmetry engineering.
Combination of Multimode Traveling-Wave Excitation and TIAMO for Human Brain Imaging at 9.4 T (2013)

Purpose/Introduction: Remotely placed antennas may find application as a 1H “body coil” substitute in setups where free space in the scanner is crucial or where transmit/receive coils for other nuclei are already present around the subject's head [1]. However, one weakness of the conventional traveling-wave approach [2] is the small number of RF channels (usually the two TE11 modes) which limits B1 + management and parallel receive capabilities. In this work, we utilize the natural propagation of the TM01 mode in the RF screen of our scanner. Human brain images acquired with the TE11 and TM01 modes are combined using the TIAMO approach [3] to investigate possible improvements in image uniformity for traveling-wave MRI at 9.4 T. Subjects and Methods: Experiments were conducted on a Siemens Magnetom 9.4 T scanner equipped with SC72 gradients. A 3-port antenna [4] (Fig.1B) was constructed by integrating a monopole into a tunable patch antenna [5] for additional excitation of the TM01 mode. Two modes were excited separately (Fig.1A): The CP mode, i.e. both TE11 modes with a 90° phase difference, as well as the monopole. In both cases, signal reception was performed with both patch antenna channels; the monopole was not used for reception in these initial experiments. First in vivo FLASH images and B1 + field maps were acquired on a single subject with an antennasubject distance of 50 cm. Numerical simulations were performed with CST Studio Suite (CST, Germany). Results: The B1 + patterns of the well-decoupled CP and monopole modes show complementary features (Fig.1C) and their root-sum-squares (RSS) combination, which is a measure of transmit uniformity using TIAMO reconstruction [3], yields improved homogeneity compared to the single modes. Improved image quality can also be observed using a simple RSS reconstruction of FLASH images (Fig.1D) that were acquired by transmitting with each mode separately. Discussion/Conclusion: TIAMO reconstruction of monopole and CP mode excitations can be used to yield images with an improved homogeneity. With full control over the three transmit/receive channels, optimized modes may be found that complement each other even better. Hence, a simple 3-port antenna may be a reasonable tradeoff between imaging performance and setup-complexity for traveling-wave neuroimaging at 9.4 T.
Personalized Chemotherapy Profiling Using Cancer Cell Lines from Selectable Mice (2013)

Chemotherapy can be personalized using patient-specific cell lines derived in biochemically selectable mice.
Ion channels formed by chemical analogs of gramicidin A. (1978)

Channel-forming peptides such as gramicidin A offer the opportunity to study the relationship between chemical structure and transport properties of an ion channel. This article summarizes a number of recent experiments with chemical analogs and derivatives of gramicidin A using artificial lipid bilayer membranes. The introduction of negative charges near the channel mouth leads to an increase in the cation transport rate. Hybrid channels consisting of a neutral and a negatively charged or of a positively and a negatively charged half-channel may be formed. The current-voltage characteristic of these hybrid channels exhibits a pronounced asymmetry. Experiments with charged derivatives of gramicidin A have been used in order to distinguish between different structural models of the dimeric channel; these studies strongly support Urry's model of a single-stranded, head-to-head associated helical dimer. In a further set of experiments gramicidin analogs with modified amino acid sequence were studied. It was found that a single substitution (tryptophan replaced by phenylalanine) leads to marked changes in the conductance of the channel. Analogs with a simplified amino acid sequence such as (L-Trp-D-Leu)7-L-Trp or L-Trp-Gly-(L-Trp-D-Leu)6-L-Trp are able to form cation permeable channels with similar properties as gramicidin A.
IMU Hand Calibration for Low-Cost MEMS Inertial Sensors (2023)

This paper proposes a technique to calibrate a low-cost inertial measurement unit (IMU) in the field without relying on expensive laboratory-based equipment. The main parameters to be calibrated in any IMU are misalignment factors, sensitivity scale factors, and gyro and accelerometer biases, all of which are temperature dependent. Usually, IMU manufacturers have highly accurate and expensive rate tables and centrifuges that can provide high-resolution angular rates to the equipment under test but require costly regular maintenance and highly trained technicians. We propose an alternative method of performing this calibration by hand in the field, using a special Kalman filter that benefits from zero velocity measurement updates. The performance of the proposed calibration technique is evaluated and validated via extensive simulations and real experiments.
Virtual material characterization process for composite materials: an industrial solution (2016)

Detailed material modeling covering low continuum scales and scale-transition methods offers material and design engineers a virtual tool for the virtual material assessment and optimization, relaxing on the experimental testing efforts. This contribution demonstrates the different steps of a Virtual Material Characterization (VMC) process applied for the prediction of elastic properties of a real meso-scale composite geometry. The presented R&D results have been achieved as part of a running R&D program (M3 MacroModelMat), in which the meso-modeling framework will be extended with a key and unique aspect: non-linear and damage composite behavior to be used for attributes such as static strength, dynamic strength and NVH.
Microfluidic organ-on-chip technology for blood-brain barrier research (2016)

Organs-on-chips are a new class of microengineered laboratory models that combine several of the advantages of current in vivo and in vitro models. In this review, we summarize the advances that have been made in the development of organ-on-chip models of the blood-brain barrier (BBBs-on-chips) and the challenges that are still ahead. The BBB is formed by specialized endothelial cells and separates blood from brain tissue. It protects the brain from harmful compounds from the blood and provides homeostasis for optimal neuronal function [corrected]. Studying BBB function and dysfunction is important for drug development and biomedical research. Microfluidic BBBs-on-chips enable real-time study of (human) cells in an engineered physiological microenvironment, for example incorporating small geometries and fluid flow as well as sensors. Examples of BBBs-on-chips in literature already show the potential of more realistic microenvironments and the study of organ-level functions. A key challenge in the field of BBB-on-chip development is the current lack of standardized quantification of parameters such as barrier permeability and shear stress. This limits the potential for direct comparison of the performance of different BBB-on-chip models to each other and existing models. We give recommendations for further standardization in model characterization and conclude that the rapidly emerging field of BBB-on-chip models holds great promise for further studies in BBB biology and drug development.
A Benes packet network (2013)

Benes networks are constructed with simple switch modules and have many advantages, including small latency and requiring only an almost linear number of switch modules. As circuit-switches, Benes networks are rearrangeably non-blocking, which implies that they are full-throughput as packet switches, with suitable routing. Routing in Benes networks can be done by time-sharing permutations. However, this approach requires centralized control of the switch modules and statistical knowledge of the traffic arrivals. We propose a backpressure-based routing scheme for Benes networks, combined with end-to-end congestion control. This approach achieves the maximal utility of the network and requires only four queues per module, independently of the size of the network.
Application of Next Generation Sequencing in Laboratory Medicine (2020)

The rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, including advances in sequencing chemistry, sequencing technologies, bioinformatics, and data interpretation, has facilitated its wide clinical application in precision medicine. This review describes current sequencing technologies, including short- and long-read sequencing technologies, and highlights the clinical application of NGS in inherited diseases, oncology, and infectious diseases. We review NGS approaches and clinical diagnosis for constitutional disorders; summarize the application of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved NGS panels, cancer biomarkers, minimal residual disease, and liquid biopsy in clinical oncology; and consider epidemiological surveillance, identification of pathogens, and the importance of host microbiome in infectious diseases. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives of clinical NGS tests.
Bacillusin A, an Antibacterial Macrodiolide from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AP183 (2015)

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extracts of a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain (AP183) led to the discovery of a new macrocyclic polyene antibiotic, bacillusin A (1). Its structure was assigned by interpretation of NMR and MS spectroscopic data as a novel macrodiolide composed of dimeric 4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-6-alkenylbenzoic acid lactones with conjugated pentaene-hexahydroxy polyketide chains. Compound 1 showed potent antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium with minimum inhibitory concentrations in a range of 0.6 to 1.2 μg/mL. The biosynthetic significance of this unique class of antibiotic compounds is briefly discussed.
On Universality of Ternary Reversible Logic Gates (2003)

A set of p-valued logic gates (primitives) is called universal if an arbitrary p-valued logic function can be realized by a logic circuit built up from a finite number of gates belonging to this set. In the paper, we consider the problem of determining the number of universal single-element sets of ternary reversible logic gates with two inputs and two outputs. We have established that over 97 % of such sets are universal. 1.
Fanconi Anemia Group J Helicase and MRE11 Nuclease Interact To Facilitate the DNA Damage Response (2013)

FANCJ mutations are linked to Fanconi anemia (FA) and increase breast cancer risk. FANCJ encodes a DNA helicase implicated in homologous recombination (HR) repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) and interstrand cross-links (ICLs), but its mechanism of action is not well understood. Here we show with live-cell imaging that FANCJ recruitment to laser-induced DSBs but not psoralen-induced ICLs is dependent on nuclease-active MRE11. FANCJ interacts directly with MRE11 and inhibits its exonuclease activity in a specific manner, suggesting that FANCJ regulates the MRE11 nuclease to facilitate DSB processing and appropriate end resection. Cells deficient in FANCJ and MRE11 show increased ionizing radiation (IR) resistance, reduced numbers of γH2AX and RAD51 foci, and elevated numbers of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit foci, suggesting that HR is compromised and the nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway is elicited to help cells cope with IR-induced strand breaks. Interplay between FANCJ and MRE11 ensures a normal response to IR-induced DSBs, whereas FANCJ involvement in ICL repair is regulated by MLH1 and the FA pathway. Our findings are discussed in light of the current model for HR repair.
Pretreatment of waste frying oil with high levels of free fatty acids for biodiesel production (2014)

The decrease of fossil fuel resources and the awareness of the impact of greenhouse gases emissions on the environment have created a need to find alternative energy sources to replace traditional ones. Thus, recent years have seen the development of several sectors of renewable energy production with the government incentives. The production of biodiesel is an alternative of production of non-toxic, clean, renewable and biodegradable fuels. The aim of this work was to investigate the optimum conditions of the biodiesel production from waste frying oil in two-step catalyzed process and the optimization of methanol and acid concentration during its pretreatment. The oil had an acid value of 32.82 mg KOH/g. The first step, an acid was used as a catalyst for the esterification reaction to reduce the free fatty acid content in waste frying oil under 2% that was, with different dosages of the acid. The next base catalyzed transesterification processes converted the pretreated frying oil to biodiesel with the optimum combination. The highest yield of biodiesel after transesterification and purification process was 98% ester content with 0.214% of free fatty acid. The results showed that the acid catalysis a promising pretreatment to acidic oils or fats as they led to the production of an intermediary material with a low content of free fatty acid that can be directly used in the transesterification reaction for the production of biodiesel.
Antagonism of synaptic potentials in ventral horn neurones by 6‐cyano‐7‐nitroquinoxaline‐2,3‐dione: a study in the rat spinal cord in vitro (1992)

1. The rat spinal cord in vitro has been used to assess the effect of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) on the dorsal root evoked extracellular ventral root reflex (DR-VRR) and the intracellular excitatory postsynaptic potential (e.p.s.p.) in ventral horn neurones and motoneurones. 2. CNQX (1-5 microM) produces a selective and dose-dependent reduction in the amplitude of the monosynaptic component of the DR-VRR recorded from lumbar spinal segments. 3. With low intensity dorsal root stimulation CNQX selectively attenuates the amplitude of the short latency intracellular e.p.s.p. (70% reduction, P < 0.005) and its rise-time (75%, P < 0.01) without affecting the half-time to decay. 4. When high intensity stimulation is used CNQX significantly attenuates the amplitude of the e.p.s.p. (56%, P < 0.005), rise-time (76%, P < 0.01) and abolishes the short latency spike. In addition longer latency synaptic components are attenuated and the half-time to decay significantly reduced (47%, P < 0.005). 5. The results with CNQX are compared to D-aminophosphonovalerate and discussed in relation to the recruitment of low versus high threshold afferents. The data supports an involvement of non-NMDA receptors in transmission through both mono- and polysynaptic pathways in the ventral horn.
Experimental study of integrated-optics microcavity resonators: Toward an all-optical switching device (1997)

An integrated all-optical switch based on a high-Q nonlinear cylindrical microcavity resonator is proposed. The switch consists of single mode planar waveguides that allow coupling light in and out to a microresonator, exhibiting whispering gallery modes. Due to the high Q factor and the small dimensions, fast switching at low power is feasible for devices based on presently available nonlinear polymers as the active material. In this approach, the transmission of an integrated optical waveguide close to a microcavity has been measured and related to the resonances of the cylindrical microcavity.
Design of a low-cost, underwater acoustic modem for short-range sensor networks (2010)

A fundamental impediment to the use of dense underwater sensor networks is an inexpensive acoustic modem. Commercial underwater modems that do exist were designed for sparse, long range, applications rather than for small, dense, sensor nets. Thus, we are building an underwater acoustic modem starting with the most critical component from a cost perspective - the transducer. The design substitutes a commercial transducer with a homemade transducer using cheap piezo-ceramic material and builds the rest of the modem's components around the properties of the transducer to extract as much performance as possible. This paper presents the design considerations, implementation details, and initial experimental results of our modem.
Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing. Disassemblability Evaluation Method. (1998)

再資源化指向の設計の必要性と, これに有効な分解性評価法 (DEM) の概要を紹介した.この評価法はリサイクルしやまさを評価まるリサイクル性評価法の一部をなしており, またLCC (Life Cycle Costing) への発展を目指して, 組立性評価法との結合, CADとの結合も図られている.
Lack of effect of desglycinamide-arginine-vasopressin (DGAVP) on memory in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome (1983)

The effect of desglycinamide9-[Arg8]-vasopressin (DGAVP) on memory processes was studied in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome. Intranasal treatment with DGAVP for 7 days affected neither attention nor short- and long-term memories. It is suggested that treatment with DGAVP is not indicated for all types of memory disorders, and that the beneficial effect of this treatment may depend on the integrity of certain brain structures.
Lexical-Constraint-Aware Neural Machine Translation via Data Augmentation (2020)

Leveraging lexical constraint is extremely significant in domain-specific machine translation and interactive machine translation. Previous studies mainly focus on extending beam search algorithm or augmenting the training corpus by replacing source phrases with the corresponding target translation. These methods either suffer from the heavy computation cost during inference or depend on the quality of the bilingual dictionary pre-specified by user or constructed with statistical machine translation. In response to these problems, we present a conceptually simple and empirically effective data augmentation approach in lexical constrained neural machine translation. Specifically, we make constraint-aware training data by first randomly sampling the phrases of the reference as constraints, and then packing them together into the source sentence with a separation symbol. Extensive experiments on several language pairs demonstrate that our approach achieves superior translation results over the existing systems, improving translation of constrained sentences without hurting the unconstrained ones.
Galectin expression and modulation by viruses in fish cell lines (89.54) (2010)

Abstract The galectin family of β-galactoside-binding proteins is evolutionarily conserved. In homeotherm vertebrates, galectin-virus interactions can affect viral infectivity and/or pathogenicity. We hypothesize that in teleost fish, galectin interactions with viral proteins modulate viral infectivity. We examined fish cell lines for expression of galectin-like molecules, and assessed changes in expression of identified galectins as well as of cytokines in response to viral infection. Minnow (EPC), trout (RTG-2), bluegill (BF-2), salmon (CHSE-214, ASK), zebrafish (ZFL), and catfish (COO, 42TA, G14D, 28S.3, 1G8, and 3B11) cells were tested. A proto-type galectin-like protein is expressed in EPC, RTG-2, and ZFL cell lines, and a chimera-type in EPC and RTG-2 cell lines. All tested cell lines express mRNA that exhibits high conservation with the zebrafish Drgal1-L2 proto-type galectin. Ten of the 12 cell lines express Drgal1-L3-like mRNA, 7 express Drgal1-L1-like mRNA, and 6 express Drgal1-L4-like mRNA. With the exception of 3B11, all tested cell lines express Drgal3-L1-like mRNA. Eight of the 12 express Drgal3-L2-like mRNA. Two of the 12 cell lines expressed Drgal9-like mRNA. Following infection of EPC cells with IHNV or IPNV, we observe modulations in expression of proto-type and tandem-repeat-type galectin-like molecules. We see modulations in expression of various cytokines, including type I and II interferons and TNF family members.
Effects of Antibiotic Timing on Culture Results and Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infection (2016)

Level III-retrospective cohort.
Squeezed states of motion in ion traps (1993)

We propose a scheme for preparing squeezed states of motion of a single ion trapped in a harmonic potential based on the multichromatic excitation of the ion.
Bayesian Adaptive Methods for Clinical Trials (2010)

Already popular in the analysis of medical device trials, adaptive Bayesian designs are increasingly being used in drug development for a wide variety of diseases and conditions, from Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis to obesity, diabetes, hepatitis C, and HIV. Written by leading pioneers of Bayesian clinical trial designs, Bayesian Adapti
Open Your Eyes! Public Ordering and the Policing Gaze (2008)

In November 1919, the Weimar Republic was a year old, yet no domestic consensus seemed in sight. The international military conflict had transformed into a war at home, where assassinations, street fighting, and protests disrupted public order. Through all this, law enforcement agencies in Berlin worked alongside other civic and private institutions to establish a sense of day-to-day normalcy and security. In the case discussed in this essay, a fictional manhunt known as "Augen auf!" or "Open Your Eyes!" sponsored by the Berliner Morgenpost, representatives of the newly reformed local criminal police helped to set the tone of the popular discourse on civility and sociability in the nascent democracy.
Study and Optimization of a Non-Foster Circuit for the Design of Wideband Metasurfaces (2019)

International audience