gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anaplastic Transformation of Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma in Pulmonary Metastasis With Gradually Progressive Intra-tumoral Cavitation: A Case Report (2022)

Anaplastic transformation of differentiated thyroid cancer is rare but clinically important because of the dismal prognosis after anaplastic transformation. Therefore, cases and findings of anaplastic transformation must be accumulated, which could ultimately lead to an earlier diagnosis and an improved prognosis. Here, we present a case of anaplastic transformation of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) in a pulmonary metastatic lesion associated with gradually progressive tumor cavitation. The patient with FTC was diagnosed with multiple lung metastases three years after surgery for the primary tumor and metastatic neck lymph nodes. Annual treatment with radioactive iodine resulted in disease stability for 10 years. However, one lung metastasis in the left lower lobe gradually enlarged and was associated with intra-tumoral cavitation. The growing lung nodule was resected and pathologically diagnosed as an anaplastic transformation of FTC. Fourteen months after diagnosis, the patient died of pneumothorax caused by pleural dissemination despite multiple treatment interventions. This case highlights pulmonary metastasis with progressive cavitary lesions as a potential early sign of the anaplastic transformation of differentiated thyroid cancer.
A bounded search algorithm for segmented channel routing for FPGA's and associated channel architecture issues (1993)

The segmented channel routing problem arises in the context of a special type of architecture called field programmable gate arrays (FPGA's), which contain predefined segmented routing tracks that can be connected together to form longer segments. The segments may be connected to the pins of the gates by programmable elements. The segmented channel routing problem is formulated as a special case of a matrix row matching problem. A bounded tree search algorithm has been developed which provides a wide spectrum of solutions compromising the fixed available resources and the given requirements. The algorithm is complete; i.e., it finds a solution if one exists. We have also developed an algorithm to generate channel segmentation based on distribution of nets across channels. The segmented channels are evaluated on the basis of performance versus cost criteria. The algorithms have been implemented in C on an Apollo 4000 workstation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Partial amino acid sequence of purified von Willebrand factor–cleaving protease (2001)

von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease (vWF-cp) is responsible for the continuous degradation of plasma vWF multimers released from endothelial cells. It is deficient in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, who show unusually large vWF multimers in plasma. Purified vWF-cp may be useful for replacement in these patients, who are now treated by plasma therapy. In this study, vWF-cp was purified from normal human plasma by affinity chromatography on the IgG fraction from a patient with autoantibodies to vWF-cp and by a series of further chromatographic procedures, including affinity chromatography on Protein G, Ig-TheraSorb, lentil lectin, and heparin. Four single-chain protein bands, separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under nonreducing conditions, showed M(r) of 150, 140, 130, and 110 kd and were found to share the same N-terminal amino acid sequence, suggesting that they were derived from the same polypeptide chain that had been partially degraded at the carboxy-terminal end. A hydrophobic sequence (Ala-Ala-Gly-Gly-Ile-Leu-His-Leu-Glu-Leu-Leu-Val-Ala-Val-Gly) of the first 15 residues was established. The protease migrates in gel filtration as a high-molecular-weight complex with clusterin, a 70-kd protein with chaperonelike activity. vWF-cp bound to clusterin is dissociated by the use of concentrated chaotropic salts. vWF-cp in normal human plasma or serum is not associated with clusterin, suggesting that the observed complex is due to vWF-cp denaturation during the purification procedure. Activity of vWF-cp is unusually stable during incubation at 37 degrees C; its in vitro half-life in citrated human plasma, heparin plasma, or serum is longer than 1 week. There was even a temporary increase in protease activity during the first 3 days of incubation.
Virtual Heritage: Researching and Visualizing the Past in 3D (2014)

ABSTRACT The approaches and technologies of virtual heritage provide archaeologists, researchers, and students with the ability to “see” and understand the past interactively and in 3D, just as the past happened. The results of various projects underscore the new insights into the past that inevitably result from virtual reality re-creations of ancient sites, buildings, and artifacts. Interactive 3D virtual worlds offer many advantages over traditional 2D-based media. By collecting, integrating, and visualizing field data digitally, in 3D, and in a single software toolkit, excavations can participate in the coming paradigm shift in archaeology. This change in how the discipline works is exemplified by REVEAL, a new software system that is already having an impact on dozens of excavations around the world.
Augmentation as a treatment complication of restless legs syndrome: Concept and management (2007)

Augmentation constitutes the main complication of long-term dopaminergic treatment in restless legs syndrome (RLS). Although this condition was first described in 1996, and is characterized by an overall increase in severity of RLS symptoms (including earlier onset of symptoms during the day, faster onset of symptoms when at rest, expansion to the upper limbs and trunk, and shorter duration of the treatment effect), precise diagnostic criteria were not established until 2003. These criteria have recently been updated to form a new definition of augmentation based on multicentric studies. The present article reviews our current knowledge on clinical diagnosis, evaluation, pathophysiology, and treatment recommendations for this condition.
Vision-based relative altitude estimation of small unmanned aerial vehicles in target localization (2011)

This paper presents a UAV vision-based relative altitude estimation method using a given size (length) of the ground vehicle. In conjunction with a well known target localization technique, the proposed method relaxes the flat ground assumption and provides an independent approach of altitude correction. It offers possible improvement or expansion in small UAV applications in target localization, tracking, and terrain exploration missions, such as ground terrain mapping. In addition, the proposed kinematic method is reliable and computationally efficient. Its feasibility and effectiveness is further demonstrated by extensive experiments, including both stationary and moving target estimations.
Gene Changes and Pancreatic Carcinoma: The Significance of K-<i>ras</i> (1994)

A continuously increasing number of gene changes have been identified in pancreatic cancer. Similar abnormalities, however, have also been detected in other malignancies. The only exception is the high incidence of <i>K-ras </i>point mutation at codon 12. This article examines the significance of <i>K-ras </i>point mutation in pancreatic cancer for the definition of tumor entities, identification of high risk groups, discrimination between inflammatory and neoplastic lesions, and diagnosis of ductal changes with preneoplastic potential.
NE-CAT Crystallography Beamlines for Challenging Structural Biology Research (2014)

The NorthEastern Collaborative Access Team (NE-CAT) focuses on the design and operation of synchrotron X-ray beamlines for the solution of technically challenging structural biology problems and provides an important resource for the national and international research community. Currently NE-CAT operates two undulator beamlines: 24ID-C - tunable in the energy range from 6 to 22keV and 24ID-E - not-tunable, but optimized for Se SAD experiments. Both beamlines are equipped with state-of-the-art instrumentation. MD2 microdiffractometers installed at both beamlines provide very clean beams down to 5 microns in diameter and are capable of visualizing micron-sized crystals. Large area detectors (ADSC Quantum 315 at 24ID-E beamline and Pilatus-6MF at 24ID-C beamline), not only provide the best diffraction data, but also make possible to resolve large unit cells. Both beamlines are equipped with ALS style automatic sample mounters. Locally developed software suite RAPD provides data collection strategies, quasi-real time data integration and scaling and simple automated MR/SAD pipeline through 384 core computing cluster. Users of the beamlines are supported by experienced resident crystallographers. To meet the needs of technically challenging crystallographic projects, cutting-edge hardware and software ideas are implemented. A summary of beamline capabilities, technology, scientific highlights and details of availability will be presented. Funding for NE-CAT is provided through P41 grant from the NIGMS and from the NE-CAT member institutions.
Renewable waste biomass-derived carbon materials for energy storage (2022)

Abstract It is crucial to develop high-performance electrode materials for the increasing energy demands of various energy storage systems. Biomass-derived carbons demonstrate great potential due to their rich structure, low cost, abundance in reserves, and excellent electrochemical performance. So far, various carbon structures ranging from highly disordered non-graphitic carbon to locally ordered graphite-like carbon have been achieved from different biomass. And they are employed as electrodes for different energy storage systems. However, to our best knowledge, there is no systematic review to show the latest progress in this area. Herein, we have systematically classified the waste biomass and discussed the microstructures of their derived carbons. In particular, as electrode materials, the effects of biomass-derived carbons’ structure, porosity, interlayer spacing, and heteroatomic doping on different energy storage devices are analyzed in detail. Furthermore, the challenges, as well as the corresponding solutions and developing trends to biomass-derived carbons, have been summarized.
Global pathways to sustainable development to 2030 and beyond (2020)

Progress to-date towards the UN Agenda 2030 has fallen short of expectations. We undertake a model-based global integrated assessment to project future progress by 2030, 2050, and 2100 and to characterise the transformations needed to deliver the global Sustainable Development Goals and an increasingly ambitious 21st century sustainability agenda. Our results quantify the scale and pace of transformations required through eight key entry points: increasing education access, powering sustainable economic development, controlling global population growth, lowering energy intensity across sectors, decarbonising energy systems, promoting healthy food diets, limiting agricultural land expansion, and reducing global emissions intensity. Our findings indicate many actions that appear to make a limited contribution to initial progress are in fact vital for accelerating change towards sustainable development later in the century.
Enhancement of the NAD(P)(H) Pool in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2008)

Abstract Asymmetric biosyntheses allow for an efficient production of chiral building blocks. The application of whole cells as biocatalysts for asymmetric syntheses is advantageous because they already contain the essential coenzymes NAD(H) or NADP(H), which additionally can be regenerated in the cells. Unfortunately, reduced catalytic activity compared to the oxidoreductase activity is observed in many cases during whole‐cell biotransformation. This may be caused by low intracellular coenzyme pool sizes and/or a decline in intracellular coenzyme concentrations. To enhance the intracellular coenzyme pool sizes, the effects of the precursor metabolites adenine and nicotinic acid on the intracellular accumulation of NAD(H) and NADP(H) were studied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Based on the results of simple batch experiments with different precursor additions, fed‐batch processes for the production of yeast cells with enhanced NAD(H) or enhanced NADP(H) pool sizes were developed. Supplementation of the feed medium with 95 mM adenine and 9.5 mM nicotinic acid resulted in an increase of the intracellular NAD(H) concentration by a factor of 10 at the end of the fed‐batch process compared to the reference process. The final NAD(H) concentration remains unchanged if the feed medium was solely supplemented with 95 mM adenine, but intracellular NADP(H) was increased by a factor of 4. The effects of NADP(H) pool sizes on the asymmetric reduction of ethyl‐4‐chloro acetoacetate (CAAE) to the corresponding (S)‐4‐chloro‐3‐hydroxybutanoate (S‐CHBE) was evaluated with S. cerevisiae FasB His6 as an example. An intracellular threshold concentration above 0.07 mM NADP(H) was sufficient to increase the biocatalytic S‐CHBE productivity by 25 % compared to lower intracellular NADP(H) concentrations.
A chip-to-chip nanoliter microfluidic dispenser (2009)

A high-throughput microfluidic device is developed to handle liquid dispensation in nanoliter range. The dispenser system shows no cross-contamination between the microwells, indicating its great potential in large-scale screening experiments. An array of 115 nl PCR reactions, as well as the single channel addressable chip demonstrate the high flexibility and wide applications of this novel system.
Mesophase Formation Stabilizes High-Purity Magic-Sized Clusters (2018)

Magic-sized clusters (MSCs) are renowned for their identical size and closed-shell stability that inhibit conventional nanoparticle (NP) growth processes. Though MSCs have been of increasing interest, understanding the reaction pathways toward their nucleation and stabilization is an outstanding issue. In this work, we demonstrate that high concentration synthesis (1000 mM) promotes a well-defined reaction pathway to form high-purity MSCs (>99.9%). The MSCs are resistant to typical growth and dissolution processes. On the basis of insights from in situ X-ray scattering analysis, we attribute this stability to the accompanying production of a large (>100 nm grain size), hexagonal organic-inorganic mesophase that arrests growth of the MSCs and prevents NP growth. At intermediate concentrations (500 mM), the MSC mesophase forms, but is unstable, resulting in NP growth at the expense of the assemblies. These results provide an alternate explanation for the high stability of MSCs. Whereas the conventional mantra has been that the stability of MSCs derives from the precise arrangement of the inorganic structures (i.e., closed-shell atomic packing), we demonstrate that anisotropic clusters can also be stabilized by self-forming fibrous mesophase assemblies. At lower concentration (<200 mM or >16 acid-to-metal), MSCs are further destabilized and NPs formation dominates that of MSCs. Overall, the high concentration approach intensifies and showcases inherent concentration-dependent surfactant phase behavior that is not accessible in conventional (i.e., dilute) conditions. This work provides not only a robust method to synthesize, stabilize, and study identical MSC products but also uncovers an underappreciated stabilizing interaction between surfactants and clusters.
Towards nonlinear ultrasonic characterization of air microbubbles in water (2009)

The characterization of argon microbubbles in liquid sodium is currently being investigated in connection with the development of Generation IV nuclear reactors. It seems that nonlinear acoustic techniques can be used to determine the void fraction (volumetric fraction of free gas) and the histogram of the bubble radii. We discuss the first stage of our work here: the development of an experimental test bench suitable for generating air microbubbles in water and then measuring them optically, before attempting an acoustic characterization. The bubble clouds generated have a radius distribution centred on about 20 microns.
Synthesis of Demethoxy-Lycoraminone (2011)

Demethoxy-lycoraminone (8) was prepared in several steps starting from the appropriate benzo[c]azepine dione derivative (9).Ketone ( 9) was protected as a ketal group followed by methylation on the azepine nitrogen atom.After reduction of the imide carbonyl groups, deprotection, demethylation and ring closure were carried out as a one-pot reaction in methanesulfonic acid in the presence of racemic methionine.
Low-Complexity Cooperative Coding for Sensor Networks using Rateless and LDGM Codes (2006)

Given limitations with current technology, nodes in a sensor network have stringent energy and complexity constraints. This paper presents a scheme for cooperative error-control coding, using rateless and low-density generator-matrix codes, for sensor networks. Assuming knowledge of the source-relay channel quality, we show that the proposed scheme achieves good performance and a good energy tradeoff despite low computational complexity. The scheme exploits the flexibility of rateless and LDGM codes to permit, depending on the channel conditions, independent, relay and cooperative modes of operation. As a motivating example, we analyze networks of two cooperating nodes communicating with a more sophisticated receiver. We also discuss the generalization of our framework to a multi-node system.
Extracorporeal Photopheresis for Colitis Induced by Checkpoint-Inhibitor Therapy (2020)

Extracorporeal Photopheresis for Autoimmune Colitis Extracorporeal photopheresis has been an effective treatment for graft-versus-host disease. In this case, it was used to treat a patient with sev...
Perceived Usability and Cognitive Demand of Secondary Tasks in Spoken Versus Visual-Manual Automotive Interaction (2016)

We present results from a study of truck drivers experience of using two different interfaces; spoken interaction and visual manual interaction, to perform secondary tasks while driving. The instruments used to measure their experience are based on three popular questionnaires, measuring different aspects of usability and cognitive load: SASSI, SUS and DALI. Our results show that the speech interface is preferred both regarding usability and cognitive demand.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Immunohistochemical Studies in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Using the Survival Tree Model (2009)

In this study, the subgrouping by the survival tree model might be helpful for predicting the patients' prognosis in ICC.
Developing an Information Paradigm Approach to Build and Support the Home-School Nexus (2010)

Collaborative, networked learning alters also how we think about learning institutions, and network culture about how to conceive of institutions more generally. Traditionally, institutions have been thought about in terms of rules, regulations, norms governing interactivity, production, and distribution within the institutional structure. Network culture and associated learning practices and arrangements suggest that we think of institutions, especially those promoting learning, as mobilizing networks. The networks enable a mobilizing that stresses flexibility, interactivity, and outcome. And the mobilizing in turn encourages and enables networking interactivity that lasts as long as it is productive, opening up or giving way to new interacting networks as older ones ossify or newly emergent ones signal new possibilities. Institutional culture thus shifts from the weighty to the light, from the assertive to the enabling.
An inexpensive device for the measurements of particle size distribution (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn inexpensive device for the measurements of particle size distributionEvangelos Dalas and Petros G. Koutsoukos Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 4, 356Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 April 1990Published inissue 1 April 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/ed067p356Request reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A decentralized fault-tolerant scheme for flight control applications (2000)

We present a new decentralized failure detection and identification (FDI) and adaptive reconfigurable control (ARC) scheme that is well suited for achieving the desired flight performance in the presence of multiple control effector failures that occur at different times. The failures include lock-in-place and hard-over. The problem of stable control reconfiguration in the presence of such failures is solved using a decentralized scheme employing multiple adaptive FDI observers and controllers and a suitably chosen decision-making mechanism. All the parameters can be estimated rapidly and the observers can be modified online to reflect the new operating regime following the failure. This enables fast FDI and effective ARC in the case of subsequent failures. The stability of the overall decentralized FDI-ARC system is demonstrated using the Lyapunov method, while the approach is illustrated through numerical simulations of the F-18 aircraft carrier landing maneuver.
Integrating immersion lithography in 45-nm logic manufacturing (2007)

Semiconductor manufacturers work hard to shrink critical dimensions in their device architectures and are in the midst of the 45nm node development. Generally, for the 65nm node, critical layers are processed using 193-nm scanners with numerical apertures up to 0.85 and non-immersion technology. It is clear that the capabilities and potential benefits of immersion lithography (at this wavelength and NA) need to be examined, especially as the industry turns its attention towards the 45-nm technology generation. The potential benefits of immersion lithography; increased DOF in the near term and hyper-NA imaging in the next phase, have been widely reported. In this paper, we report on the progress of development for the 45nm device level lithography with imaging systems >1NA at the Crolles 2 Alliance. Our continued focus is the insertion of an immersion lithography process into an established pilot manufacturing line to support 45nm process development. We will present immersion resist performance, OPC feasibility, process integration, and defectivity comparisons. Finally, conclusions will be made as to the overall readiness of immersion to support 45nm node processing.