gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mild heat treatment does not reduce the colitis-protective effects of bovine colostrum in preterm pigs (2013)

Objective and study: Fresh bovine colostrum (BC) prevents development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm pigs. Spray drying and pasteurization are required to use BC in clinical settings but this may also reduce its bioactivity. In studies on preterm pigs, we compared raw BC with spray dried and pasteurized BC. Methods: Preterm pigs were fed total parenteral nutrition for 2 d, followed by two boluses of milk formula (15 mL/kg/3h) and continued enteral feeding with milk formula (FORM, n = 14), fresh BC (COLOS, n = 14), spray dried, powdered BC (POW, n = 8), or spray dried, pasteurized BC (POWPAS, n = 9). Pigs were euthanized after two days of enteral feeding and NEC lesions, intestinal structure, digestive and absorptive functions, microbiota, and tissue protein and mRNA levels of immune factors were analyzed. Finally, we determined the concentrations of some bioactive proteins in the colostrum products and studied treatment-related aggregation of proteins. Results: POW and POWPAS pigs showed lowered gut NEC severity, IL-1β and IL-8 levels and lactic acid levels, and higher intestinal villus heights, hexose absorption, hydrolase activities (lactase, maltase, peptidases) than FORM pigs (all P < 0.05). These values in POW and POWPAS groups were similar to those in the COLOS group. Intestinal expression of IL1B, IL6 and IL8 and bacterial abundance score were positively correlated with NEC severity (P < 0.05). Spray drying, and especially pasteurization, increased the breakdown of growth factors (TGF-β1 and -β2) and aggregation of milk proteins. Conclusion: Spray drying and pasteurization affect BC proteins but such treatments do not necessarily decrease its trophic and anti-inflammatory effects on the immature intestine. It remains to be studied if such colostrum products also improve gut maturation in preterm infants.
Intramolecular reactions of free radicals formed from artemisinin (2005)

Abstract Two cyclic alkoxyl radicals are formed as a result of peroxide bridge scission in artemisinin. Intramolecular reactions of these radicals induce the cascade of reactions of isomerization, decyclization, and decomposition of formed free radicals. It includes 14 reactions of intramolecular free radical hydrogen transfer, 17 reactions of decyclization of alkoxyl and alkyl radicals, and 4 reactions of decomposition of alkoxyl, acyl, and carboxyl radicals. The enthalpies of these 35 reactions are calculated. Using intersection parabolas method, activation energies and rate constants of all these reactions are calculated. The most rapid reactions are selected for every intermediate free radical. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 37: 554–565, 2005
[Oral treatment of acute dehydration in infants by an electrolyte-glucose-solution (author's transl)]. (1979)

For oral treatment of acute dehydration in infants a solution of electrolytes and glucose in water is indicated. Selfmixing of this solution is not advisable. 30 infants with dehydration caused by acute diarrhoea were treated with a granulat (Normolyt) dissolved in water resulting in a solution of appropriate composition. The solution was well accepted and well tolerated. All babies without clinical signs of shock were successfully rehydrated by the solution. No untoward effects were observed.
Reverse-Engineering Satire, or “Paper on Computational Humor Accepted despite Making Serious Advances” (2019)

Humor is an essential human trait. Efforts to understand humor have called out links between humor and the foundations of cognition, as well as the importance of humor in social engagement. As such, it is a promising and important subject of study, with relevance for artificial intelligence and human– computer interaction. Previous computational work on humor has mostly operated at a coarse level of granularity, e.g., predicting whether an entire sentence, paragraph, document, etc., is humorous. As a step toward deep understanding of humor, we seek fine-grained models of attributes that make a given text humorous. Starting from the observation that satirical news headlines tend to resemble serious news headlines, we build and analyze a corpus of satirical headlines paired with nearly identical but serious headlines. The corpus is constructed via Unfun.me, an online game that incentivizes players to make minimal edits to satirical headlines with the goal of making other players believe the results are serious headlines. The edit operations used to successfully remove humor pinpoint the words and concepts that play a key role in making the original, satirical headline funny. Our analysis reveals that the humor tends to reside toward the end of headlines, and primarily in noun phrases, and that most satirical headlines follow a certain logical pattern, which we term false analogy. Overall, this paper deepens our understanding of the syntactic and semantic structure of satirical news headlines and provides insights for building humor-producing systems.
19F NMR Study of the Equilibria and Dynamics of the Al3+/F- System (2000)

A careful reinvestigation by high-field 19F NMR (470 MHz) spectroscopy has been made of the Al3+/F- system in aqueous solution under carefully controlled conditions of pH, concentration, ionic strength (I), and temperature. The 19F NMR spectra show five distinct signals at 278 K and I = 0.6 M (TMACl) which have been attributed to the complexes AlFi(3-i)+(aq) with i < or = 5. There was no need to invoke AlFi(OH)j(3-i-j)+ mixed complexes in the model under our experimental conditions (pH < or = 6.5), nor was any evidence obtained for the formation of AlF6(3-)(aq) at very high ratios of F-/Al3+. The stepwise equilibrium constants obtained for the complexes by integration of the 19F signals are in good agreement with literature data given the differences in medium and temperature. In I = 0.6 M TMACl at 278 K and in I = 3 M KCl at 298 K the log Ki values are 6.42, 5.41, 3.99, 2.50, and 0.84 (for species i = 1-5) and 6.35, 5.25, and 4.11 (for species i = 1-3), respectively. Disappearance of the 19F NMR signals under certain conditions was shown to be due to precipitation. Certain 19F NMR signals exhibit temperature- and concentration-dependent exchange broadening. Detailed line shape analysis of the spectra and magnetization transfer measurements indicate that the kinetics are dominated by F- exchange rather than complex formation. The detected reactions and their rate constants are AlF2(2+) + *F- reversible AlF*F2+ + F- (k02 = (1.8 +/- 0.3) x 10(6) M-1 s-1), AlF3(0) + *F- reversible AlF2*F0 + F- (k03 = (3.9 +/- 0.9) x 10(6) M-1 s-1), and AlF3(0) + H*F reversible AlF2*F0 + HF (kH03 = (6.6 +/- 0.5) x 10(4) M-1 s-1). The rates of these exchange reactions increase markedly with increasing F- substitution. Thus, the reactions of AlF2+(aq) were too inert to be detected even on the T1 NMR time scale, while some of the reactions of AlF3(0)(aq) were fast, causing large line broadening. The ligand exchange appears to follow an associative interchange mechanism. The cis-trans isomerization of AlF2+(aq), consistent with octahedral geometry for that complex, is slowed sufficiently to be observed at temperatures around 270 K. Difference between the Al3+/F- system and the much studied Al3+/OH- system are briefly commented on.
Catching a glimpse of the bacterial gut community of companion animals: a canine and feline perspective (2020)

Dogs and cats have gained a special position in human society by becoming our principal companion animals. In this context, efforts to ensure their health and welfare have increased exponentially, with in recent times a growing interest in assessing the impact of the gut microbiota on canine and feline health. Recent technological advances have generated new tools to not only examine the intestinal microbial composition of dogs and cats, but also to scrutinize the genetic repertoire and associated metabolic functions of this microbial community. The application of high-throughput sequencing techniques to canine and feline faecal samples revealed similarities in their bacterial composition, with Fusobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes as the most prevalent and abundant phyla, followed by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Although key bacterial members were consistently present in their gut microbiota, the taxonomic composition and the metabolic repertoire of the intestinal microbial population may be influenced by several factors, including diet, age and anthropogenic aspects, as well as intestinal dysbiosis. The current review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the multitude of factors which play a role in the modulation of the canine and feline gut microbiota and that of their human owners with whom they share the same environment.
A 22.4 μW 80dB SNDR ΣΔ modulator with passive analog adder and SAR quantizer for EMG application (2012)

A Feed-Forward (FF) multi-bit ΣΔ modulator with passive analog adder and 4-bit Successive Approximation (SA) quantizer is presented. The modulator covers the 10KHz bandwidth according to electromyography application. The design utilizes the same DAC array of the SAR quantizer to realize analog summation for the FF signal, which significantly reduces the power dissipation and the silicon area. The modulator operates at 1MS/s with 1V supply. The prototype chip implemented in 65nm CMOS achieves 80dB SNDR and 81dB DR with 22.4μW power consumption. The Figure of Merit (FoM) is 0.13 pJ/conv.-step.
Fast and reliable identification of microorganisms by means of Raman spectroscopy (2007)

The identification of bacteria is necessary as fast as possible e.g. to provide an appropriate therapy for patients. Here the cultivation time should be kept to a minimum. Beside microbiological identification methods Raman spectroscopy is a valuable tool for bacteria identification. UV-resonance Raman spectroscopy enables selective monitoring of the cellular DNA/RNA content and allows for a genotaxonomic classification of the bacteria. Since UV excitation may lead to sample destruction the measurements are performed on rotated bacterial films. For a faster identification avoiding the cultivation step single bacteria analysis is necessary. Using micro-Raman spectroscopy a spatial resolution in the size range of the bacteria can be achieved. With this Raman excitation the chemical components of the whole cell are measured which leads to a phenotypic classification. For localization of bacteria inside complex matrices fluorescence labeling is achieved.
Electrocardiographic and respiratory responses to coal-fired power plant emissions in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction: results from the Toxicological Evaluation of Realistic Emissions of Source Aerosols Study (2011)

Short-term exposure to primary and unneutralized secondary PM formed from aged emissions from a coal-fired power plant, as simulated by the POS scenario, may be associated with increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias in susceptible animals.
Moros de Navarra en la Edad Media (1982)

LOS MUDEJARES DE NAVARRA SE ENCUENTRAN SOLO EN LA RIBERA TUDELANA. AUNQUE ERAN MINORIA EN ALGUNOS LUGARES -COMO TUDELA Y CORTES- PERMANECIERON ARRAIGADOS HASTA SU EXPULSION. COMO EN OTROS REINOS DE ESPANA LA POBLACION MUSULMANA SE ORGANIZABA COMO UNA COMUNIDAD APARTE MANTENIENDO SUS PROPIAS LEYES RELIGION Y SISTEMA ADMINISTRATIVO AUNQUE LA JURISDICCION CRIMINAL PARECE QUE PASO A MANOS DEL MONARCA. LOS MUDEJARES ERAN DE SITUACION ECONOMICA MODESTA Y DE PROFESIONES MANUALES. LOS DE TUDELA SE CARACTERIZAN POR LA ARTESANIA Y LOS DE LOS OTROS PUEBLOS POR LA AGRICULTURA. EN AMBOS CASOS MUESTRAN UNA CIERTA CAPACIDAD PROFESIONAL QUE ES COMUN A TODOS LOS MUDEJARES DE LA PENINSULA IBERICA.
Capture of linear fragments at a double-strand break in yeast (2007)

Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are dangerous chromosomal lesions that must be efficiently repaired in order to avoid loss of genetic information or cell death. In all organisms studied to date, two different mechanisms are used to repair DSBs: homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Previous studies have shown that during DSB repair, non-homologous exogenous DNA (also termed 'filler DNA') can be incorporated at the site of a DSB. We have created a genetic system in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to study the mechanism of fragment capture. Our yeast strains carry recognition sites for the HO endonuclease at a unique chromosomal site, and plasmids in which a LEU2 gene is flanked by HO cut sites. Upon induction of the HO endonuclease, a linear extrachromosomal fragment is generated in each cell and its incorporation at the chromosomal DSB site can be genetically monitored. Our results show that linear fragments are captured at the repaired DSB site at frequencies of 10 6 to 10 4 per plated cell depending on strain background and specific end sequences. The mechanism of fragment capture depends on the NHEJ machinery, but only partially on the homologous recombination proteins. More than one fragment can be used during repair, by a mechanism that relies on the annealing of small complementary sequences. We present a model to explain the basis for fragment capture.
TrackSign: Guided Web Tracking Discovery (2021)

Current web tracking practices pose a constant threat to the privacy of Internet users. As a result, the research community has recently proposed different tools to combat well-known tracking methods. However, the early detection of new, previously unseen tracking systems is still an open research problem. In this paper, we present TrackSign, a novel approach to discover new web tracking methods. The main idea behind TrackSign is the use of code fingerprinting to identify common pieces of code shared across multiple domains. To detect tracking fingerprints, TrackSign builds a novel 3-mode network graph that captures the relationship between fingerprints, resources and domains. We evaluated TrackSign with the top-100K most popular Internet domains, including almost 1M web resources from more than 5M HTTP requests. Our results show that our method can detect new web tracking resources with high precision (over 92%). TrackSign was able to detect 30K new trackers, more than 10K new tracking resources and 270K new tracking URLs, not yet detected by most popular blacklists. Finally, we also validate the effectiveness of TrackSign with more than 20 years of historical data from the Internet Archive.
Investigation of Dynamic Behaviors of Asialoglycoprotein Receptors of Hepatocytes Using a Latex Probe Whose Surface Was Coated with Lactose-Carrying Polystyrene (1992)

Characteristic properties of oligosaccharide-substituted poly styrenes as a hepatocyte-specific culture substratum were investigated from the viewpoint of adsorption and recognition. X-ray photoelectron spectra sug gest that the adsorption of the polymer onto a polystyrene film occurred in near mono-molecular layer thickness of 10-25 Å in globular conformations. Distri bution and migration of asialoglycoprotein receptors on the surface of a hepato cyte was followed under a scanning electron microscope using a latex probe whose surface was coated with lactose-substituted polystyrene.
Well-width dependence of valley splitting in Si/SiGe quantum wells (2009)

The valley splitting in Si two-dimensional electron systems is studied using Si/SiGe single quantum wells (QWs) with different well widths. The energy gaps for 4 and 5.3 nm QWs, obtained from the temperature dependence of the longitudinal resistivity at the Landau level filling factor ν=1, are much larger than those for 10 and 20 nm QWs. This is consistent with the well-width dependence of the bare valley splitting estimated from the comparison with the Zeeman splitting in the Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations.
Focal electroporation in ovo (2009)

Gene expression fields in embryogenesis are spatially precise and often small, so experimental gene expression often requires similar spatial definition. For in ovo electroporation, typically a gene construct is injected into a natural body cavity in the embryo prior to electroporation. Limited control of the size and location of the electroporated field can be obtained by varying electrode placement and geometry, and by altering the miscibility and viscosity of the construct vehicle but it is difficult to tightly constrain electroporation to small regions. Electroporation of different constructs in close proximity has not been possible. We show that loading the construct into an agarose bead, which is then microsurgically implanted, allows for focal electroporation. Different constructs can be electroporated in close proximity by emplacing several agarose beads. This technique is simple, cheap, rapid, and requires no more specialised equipment than that required for conventional in ovo electroporation.
Path Computation Clients (PCC) - Path Computation Element (PCE) Requirements for Point-to-Multipoint MPLS-TE (2010)

The Computation Element (PCE) provides path computation functions
in support of traffic engineering in Multi-Protocol Label Switching
(MPLS) and Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) networks. Extensions to the MPLS
and GMPLS signaling and routing protocols have been made in support of
point-to-multipoint (P2MP) Traffic Engineered (TE) Label Switched
Paths (LSPs). The use of PCE in MPLS networks is already established,
and since P2MP TE LSP routes are sometimes complex to compute, it is
likely that PCE will be used for P2MP LSPs. Generic requirements for
a communication protocol between Computation Clients (PCCs) and
PCEs are presented in Path Computation Element (PCE) Communication
Protocol Generic Requirements. This document complements the generic
requirements and presents a detailed set of PCC-PCE communication
protocol requirements for point-to-multipoint MPLS/GMPLS traffic
engineering.
Is Low Selenium Status a Risk Factor for Lung Cancer? (1998)

The hypothesis that low selenium may in some circumstances be a risk factor for lung cancer was investigated in a case-control study nested within a longitudinal study. Serum samples from 9,101 cancer-free individuals were collected and stored at -20 degrees C by the Finnish Mobile Clinic in 1968-1971 and 1973-1976. During follow-up until the end of 1991, 95 cases of lung cancer were diagnosed. Selenium concentrations were determined from the serum samples of the cases and 190 controls, individually matched for sex, age, and place of residence. Mean levels of serum selenium in cases and controls were 53.2 microg/liter and 57.8 microg/liter, respectively. The relative risk of lung cancer between the highest and lowest tertiles of serum selenium, adjusted for smoking, serum alpha-tocopherol, serum cholesterol, serum copper, serum orosomucoid, and body mass index (kg/m2), was 0.41 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17-0.94). The association was stronger at lower levels (<5.9 mg/liter) of alpha-tocopherol (relative risk=0.24, 95% CI 0.07-0.85). The association was also pronounced among current smokers and at higher levels of serum orosomucoid and serum copper. The relative risk for smokers who were twice ranked in higher selenium tertiles, at an interval of 4-7 years, in comparison with smokers who remained in the lowest tertile was 0.16 (95% CI 0.04-0.74). In accordance with the hypothesis, the findings suggest that very low selenium status may contribute to the risk of lung cancer.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylation of 6‐N‐Acylated Adenosine Derivatives by the Use of Phase Transfer Catalysis. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 14873: Integrated Cross-Sectional Modeling for the Prediction of 30-Day Unplanned Readmissions or All-Cause Mortality in Primary Heart Failure (2019)

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a chronic condition that is associated with exacerbations and progressive decline in cardiac function, leading to frequent and unpredictable inpatient admissions...
Characterization of a heat exchanger by virtual temperature sensorsbased on identified transfer functions (2016)

International audience
Advanced Multi-level Transmission Systems (2008)

Multi-level transmission having advantage of wider dispersion tolerance and narrower bandwidth, is one of the strong candidate for ultra high-speed serial interface. We review recent progress in multi-level systems, especially, incoherent multi-level receiver.
A low-power ASK demodulator for inductively coupled implantable electronics (2000)

An amplitude shift keying (ASK) demodulator is presented which is suitable for implantable electronic devices that are powered through an inductive link.The demodulator has been tested with carrier frequencies in the range 1-15 MHz, covering most commonly used frequencies.Data rates up to several 100kbit/s are supported, suitable for complex implants such as stimulating electrode arrays or visual implants.The circuit is compatible with modulation depths in the range 10-100%.The low end of the range permits data transmission without significant reduction in power transfer, or the use of transmitter designs with limited modulation capability.The power consumption is 60 W from a 3 V supply.The circuit has been implemented in a standard CMOS process.
Nutrition education and cooking workshops for families of children with cancer: a feasibility study (2019)

Despite high interest, workshops delivered in a face-to-face format were poorly feasible in our sample population. This supports the need to develop educational programs in pediatric oncology using strategies and delivery formats that address the major barriers for participation encountered by families.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Sulfide/Gallium Phosphide Composites by Chemical Vapor Transport. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Simulation and evaluation of sensor characteristics in vision based advanced driver assistance systems (2014)

This paper presents a method for the simulation of images in the scope of virtual camera prototypes under the constraint of color correctness. This is a first step to gain a complete simulatable camera model that can be used to generate synthetic images using real data. Each real camera system has its own color processing characteristics. Real images recorded with a reference camera model can be computationally simulated as if they have been recorded with another real or virtual camera. The resulting images are transformed to underly the color characteristics of the targeted virtual camera system. Our approach can be used at the design phase of vision-based advance driver assistance systems to verify the exact behaviour under varying optical properties of the optical system and to test and evaluate the overall robustness of the system when color processing changes. It can as well lead to a decision basis for the selection of the hardware to be used. In this paper, we show how cameras can be calibrated and in a second step we evaluate the simulation errors. Finally, we apply our simulation to a traffic sign recognition algorithm and evaluate its behaviour in relation to ground truth data.
Environmental Hazards in Nepal: Altitude Illness, Environmental Exposures, Injuries, and Bites in Travelers and Expatriates (2007)

Environmental hazards are important causes of morbidity and potential mortality among adventure travelers and expatriates. Current pre-travel interventions are missing certain risk groups entirely and failing to have the desired educational impact in others.