gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical Usefulness of Recombinant Activated Factor VII in Patients with Liver Failure Undergoing Invasive Procedures (2011)

Retrospective and prospective data demonstrate that rFVIIa effectively reverses elevated PT and INR, reducing the risk of bleeding and safely facilitating invasive procedures. Based on available data, a dose of 20-40 μg/kg 30 minutes prior to an invasive procedure should be considered in patients with acute or chronic liver failure at risk for bleeding complications. A major limitation of rFVIIa use is the high cost of therapy. A prospective, randomized trial could help determine the appropriate dose of rFVIIa, timing of dose in relationship to procedure, and usefulness of subsequent doses.
Path Computation Element communication Protocol extension for relationship between LSPs and Attributes (2017)

The Path Computation Element (PCE) provides functions of path
computation in support of traffic engineering in networks controlled
by Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) and Generalized MPLS (GMPLS).
This document defines a mechanism to create associations between a set
of LSPs and a set of attributes (such as configuration parameters).
Non-invasive bioimpedance of intact skin: mathematical modeling and experiments (2010)

The functional integrity and pathology of the skin is reflected in its electrical impedance spectra. Non-invasive electrical impedance measurements of intact skin are dominated by the high impedic stratum corneum in low frequencies and with increasing frequency gradually comes to be dominated by viable skin. Models of this multi-layered organ can increase our understanding of the actual physical properties/dimensions and facilitate better diagnostics in certain applications. Therefore, a mathematical model considering conservation of charge in the various layers of the skin and adjacent electrodes is derived and validated with experimental findings; the latter was carried out on 60 young female subjects. The impact of the stratum corneum thickness, inundation, solvent and cohort size on the electrical properties is studied. Both model parameters and experimental conditions were adjusted for calibration and subsequent validation of the model with measurements. It is found that both the model's thickness of the stratum corneum as well as experimental soaking conditions (both time and saline concentration) affect the fit between the model and measurements. It is concluded that it is essential that the electrical properties of the skin are presented in the context of the ion concentration (if a moisturizer is employed) as well as the soaking time. Further refinements should be made to determine even more accurate dielectrical properties of the stratum corneum and viable skin layers by accounting for the true skin thickness and the heterogeneity of the skin layers-this would be useful in applications where subtle alterations in the skin are of interest.
Screening for oligonucleotide binding affinity by a convenient fluorescence competition assay (1999)

A competitive homogeneous quenched fluorescence assay system is described for the high throughput screening of DNA conjugates that bind to single-stranded DNA. Fluorescence signal is generated by competitive binding of the sample molecule to a target strand labelled with a quencher probe, which is otherwise hybridised to a complementary strand containing a fluorescent probe. Thus fluorescence generated is related to the affinity of the sample. Competitive analysis of a number of peptide-oligonucleotide conjugates gave data that correlated well with the corresponding UV melting data. The assay will be useful for screening of large numbers of potential single-stranded binding molecules.
Effects of Naringenin on mucous hypersecretion in the airway inflammation (2010)

【Objection】To investigate the effects of Naringenin on airway mucous hypersecretion under inflammation and the relative molecular mechanism. 【Methods】The cell model of mucous hypersecretion was made by human lung A549 cell stimulated by human neutrophil elastae (HNE), and treated with Naringenin and ROS scavenger DMTU, respectively. The relative content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assayed by special kit. The expression of mucin (MUC)5AC, EGFR, P-EGFR were detected. The cell activity after Naringenin treatment was assessed by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium method. The cells were divided into 5 groups: a negative control group, an HNE treatment group, a Naringenin pre-treatment group, a DMTU pre-treatment group and a Naringenin + DMTU group. The changes of MUC5ACmRNA and EGFRmRNA were examined by the use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein expression changes of EGFR and P-EGFR were measured by Western blot. The protein expression changes of MUC5AC were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while the protein morphological changes of MUC5AC were observed by immunofluorescence and confocal laser technology. The data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software. Differences between groups assessed for significance by t-test. 【Results】A dose-dependent increasing of ROS production in cells exposed to HNE was detected, after the cells were pre-treated with Naringenin, the content of ROS was decreased significantly as compared with the 50nmol/L HNE group (P 0.01). The expression levels of MUC5ACmRNA and its protein in the HNE group were 0.92 ± 0.08 and (152 ± 6) μg/mg, and those of EGFR were 0.91 ± 0.05 and (0.86 ± 0.03) μg/mg, both of them increased significantly as compared to those in the control group [0.70 ± 0.02, (112 ± 4) μg/mg and 0.73 ± 0.10, 0.39 ± 0.03] (P 0.05). The protein expression changes of EGFR and P-EGFR were increased significantly as compared with the control group (P 0.01). After the cells were pre-treated with Naringenin, the above measurements were decreased significantly as compared with the HNE group. The decrease was more significant in the Naringenin+DMTU group (P 0.01).【Conclusions】Naringenin inhibited the production of ROS, decreased the level of EGFR by modulating ROS and blocked the phosphorylation of EGFR, and attenuated airway mucous hypersecretion under inflammation.
Cloud Testing Tools and its Challenges: A Comparative Study (2015)

Cloud computing has emerged as a new technology across organization and cooperates that impacts several different research fields, including software testing. To provide a cloud service and sharing resources successfully, the cloud must be tested before it comes into offering services. Testing the applications has their own testing tools and testing methodologies. In this paper we provide an overview regarding cloud computing trends, types, challenges, tools and the comparison of tools for cloud testing.
Trajectory training considering global variance for HMM-based speech synthesis (2009)

This paper presents a novel method for training hidden Markov models (HMMs) for use in HMM-based speech synthesis. The primary goal of HMM parameter optimization is to ensure that parameters generated from the trained models exhibit similar properties to natural speech. In this paper, two major problems in conventional training are addressed: 1) the inconsistency between the training and synthesis optimization criterion; and 2) the over-smoothing caused by the statistical modeling process. The proposed method integrates the global variance (GV) criterion into a trajectory training method to give a unified framework for both training and synthesis which provides both a consistent optimization criterion and a closed form solution for parameter generation. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method yields a significant improvement in the naturalness of synthetic speech.
Reduced angiogenic responses in adult endoglin heterozygous mice (2006)

Although vascular development is normal in Eng(+/-) mice, angiogenic abnormalities were observed in the adult mice and their isolated endothelial cells. These results suggest that a normal level of endoglin is required for full angiogenic activity.
Model for the combination of diffusional and inertial particle deposition on inverse surfaces at low pressure (2008)

A model was developed to estimate particle contamination probabilities on inverse surfaces at low pressure for inertial and diffusional particle deposition under the influence of gravity, drag, and thermophoresis. The model shows that contamination probabilities strongly depend on particle size, initial velocity, and initial distance between particle and surface. While thermophoresis effectively protects the surface against deposition of particles with 10mm (or more) initial distance and velocities below 1m∕s, the contamination probability of particles with an initial distance of 0.1mm is very high for small particles due to their high diffusivity and for fast particles due to inertia.
The tumorigenic FGFR3-TACC3 gene fusion escapes miR-99a regulation in glioblastoma (2013)

Fusion genes are chromosomal aberrations that are found in many cancers and can be used as prognostic markers and drug targets in clinical practice. Fusions can lead to production of oncogenic fusion proteins or to enhanced expression of oncogenes. Several recent studies have reported that some fusion genes can escape microRNA regulation via 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) deletion. We performed whole transcriptome sequencing to identify fusion genes in glioma and discovered FGFR3-TACC3 fusions in 4 of 48 glioblastoma samples from patients both of mixed European and of Asian descent, but not in any of 43 low-grade glioma samples tested. The fusion, caused by tandem duplication on 4p16.3, led to the loss of the 3'-UTR of FGFR3, blocking gene regulation of miR-99a and enhancing expression of the fusion gene. The fusion gene was mutually exclusive with EGFR, PDGFR, or MET amplification. Using cultured glioblastoma cells and a mouse xenograft model, we found that fusion protein expression promoted cell proliferation and tumor progression, while WT FGFR3 protein was not tumorigenic, even under forced overexpression. These results demonstrated that the FGFR3-TACC3 gene fusion is expressed in human cancer and generates an oncogenic protein that promotes tumorigenesis in glioblastoma.
Monitoring CD8 T cell responses to NY-ESO-1: Correlation of humoral and cellular immune responses (2000)

NY-ESO-1, a member of the cancer-testis family of antigens, is expressed in a subset of a broad range of different human tumor types. Patients with advanced NY-ESO-1-expressing tumors frequently develop humoral immunity to NY-ESO-1, and three HLA A2-restricted peptides were defined previously as targets for cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells in a melanoma patient with NY-ESO-1 antibody. The objectives of the present study were (i) to develop enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) and tetramer assays to measure CD8(+) T cell responses to NY-ESO-1, (ii) to determine the frequency of CD8(+) T cell responses to NY-ESO-1 in a series of HLA-A2 patients with NY-ESO-1 expressing tumors, (iii) to determine the relation between CD8(+) T cell and humoral immune responses to NY-ESO-1, and (iv) to compare results of NY-ESO-1 ELISPOT assays performed independently in two laboratories with T cells from the same patients. NY-ESO-1 ELISPOT and tetramer assays with excellent sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility have been developed and found to correlate with cytotoxicity assays. CD8(+) T cell responses to HLA-A2-restricted NY-ESO-1 peptides were detected in 10 of 11 patients with NY-ESO-1 antibody, but not in patients lacking antibody or in patients with NY-ESO-1-negative tumors. The results of ELISPOT assays were concordant in the two laboratories, providing the basis for standardized monitoring of T cell responses in patients receiving NY-ESO-1 vaccines.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Carbon—Carbon Bond Forming Reaction via Allenylidene‐Ene Process: Synthetic Approach to Chiral Heterocycles such as Chroman, Thiochroman, and 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Erratum: Clustering Properties and Model Wave Functions for Non-Abelian Fractional Quantum Hall Quasielectrons [Phys. Rev. Lett.102, 066802 (2009)] (2009)

On page 066802-2, second column of our Letter [1], above Eq.( 2), it should read ''Hence, our HW Abelian (s ¼ 1) onequasielectron state[. ..].''In Eq. ( 3) the important Sym symbol is undefined: it means symmetrization over the coordinates (z 1 ; z 2 ; z 3 ; . . .; z N ) of the Jack polynomial.The omissions do not change the conclusions of the Letter.Our Letter [1] should have made reference to a paper on the arXiv by Hansson et al.[2], who proposed an alternative method to realize non-Abelian quasiparticles in the Moore-Read state.
Gain-robust multi-pitch tracking using sparse nonnegative matrix factorization (2011)

While nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has successfully been applied for gain-robust multi-pitch detection, a method to track pitch values over time was not provided. We embed NMF-based pitch detection into a recently proposed pitch-tracking system, based on a factorial hidden Markov model (FHMM). The original system models speech spectra with Gaussian mixture models, which is sensitive to a gain mismatch between training and test data. We therefore combine the advantages of these two approaches and derive a gain-adaptive observation model for the FHMM. As training algorithm we use a modification of ℓ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> -sparse NMF, which represents the short-time spectrum with scalable basis vectors. In experiments we show that the new approach significantly increases the gain-robustness of the original tracking system.
Optimal Cut-point and Its Corresponding Youden Index to Discriminate Individuals Using Pooled Blood Samples (2004)

Costs can hamper the evaluation of the effectiveness of new biomarkers. Analysis of smaller numbers of pooled specimens has been shown to be a useful cost-cutting technique. The Youden index (J), a function of sensitivity (q) and specificity (p), is a commonly used measure of overall diagnostic effectiveness. More importantly, J is the maximum vertical distance or difference between the ROC curve and the diagonal or chance line; it occurs at the cut-point that optimizes the biomarker's differentiating ability when equal weight is given to sensitivity and specificity. Using the additive property of the gamma and normal distributions, we present a method to estimate the Youden index and the optimal cut-point, and extend its applications to pooled samples. We study the effect of pooling when only a fixed number of individuals are available for testing, and pooling is carried out to save on the number of assays. We measure loss of information by the change in root mean squared error of the estimates of the optimal cut-point and the Youden index, and we study the extent of this loss via a simulation study. In conclusion, pooling can result in a substantial cost reduction while preserving the effectiveness of estimators, especially when the pool size is not very large.
Gestalt Psychology; Its Nature and Significance (1951)

In the preface to the American edition, the author writes: The volume is not restricted to a critical presentation of those aspects of Gestalt psychology which seem significant to me. Rather, in addition, it offers results of an experimental approach to new problems from the Gestalt viewpoint ... primarily ... Gestalt laws governing mental work, the phenomena ... [of] connective inhibition' and mental dazzle' as they appear in thought processes, and the transposition of action forms.
Integrating New Emissions Engines into Commercial Vehicles:Emissions, Performance & Affordability (2006)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Commercial vehicles carry more than 10 billion tons of goods - approximately 70 percent of all freight shipped and travel over 450 billion miles each year in the United States. These vehicles are the exclusive mode of delivery in over 75 percent of U.S. communities. Such utilization and dependency demand commercial vehicles be reliable, durable, and cost effective.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The heart of these commercial vehicles (Classes 3-8) is the diesel engine. The widespread use of the diesel engine can be attributed to its reliability, durability, and cost effectiveness. However, the 2007 and 2010 EPA emissions regulations are creating significant challenges for diesel-powered commercial vehicles. Engine and vehicle manufacturers must strike a balance between emissions, performance, and affordability.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A consequence of the evolution of the diesel engine to meet the increasingly stringent emissions regulations is that more effort to accommodate the associated changes is driven to the vehicle manufacturers. However, a result of this engine evolution is that commercial vehicles are now more environmentally-friendly as part of the vehicle evolution to become safer, more productive, ergonomic, and driver-friendly.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The diesel engine touches many of the vehicle's systems, sub-systems, and components, all of which have to be analyzed for direct and indirect influence from associated engine changes. When these changes include new technologies at the vehicle level, as is the case for 2007 with active exhaust aftertreatment, implementation for the vehicle manufacturer becomes even greater.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive exposure to the numerous tasks and challenges associated with changes to diesel engines and related vehicle systems imposed by regulatory mandates. An historical perspective on the levels of effort associated with previous emissions regulations is offered to emphasize the level of effort required to support the 2007 Diesel Engine Emissions Regulations.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Attaining the overall goal of implementing the 2007 changes in production requires a systematic engineering approach from assessing customer requirements to delivering products that meet these requirements. Elements of program management, product management, timing, overlapping programs, new considerations in trade-off decisions, higher levels of integration, higher levels of analysis, higher levels of verification, and collaboration of extended resource teams are examined as well as an exploration of potential implications for future emissions reduction technologies.&lt;/div&gt;
Advancements in the Structural Stiffness and Damping of a Large Compliant Foil Journal Bearing: An Experimental Study (2004)

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation into the dynamic structural stiffness and damping characteristics of a 21.6 cm (8.5inch) diameter compliant surface foil journal bearing. The goal of this development was to achieve high levels of damping without the use of oil, as is used in squeeze film dampers, while maintaining a nearly constant dynamic stiffness over a range of frequencies and amplitudes of motion. In the experimental work described herein, a full compliant foil bearing was designed, fabricated and tested. The test facility included a non-rotating journal located inside the bearing. The journal was connected to an electrodynamic shaker so that dynamic forces simulating expected operating conditions could be applied to the structurally compliant bump foil elements. Excitation test frequencies to a maximum of 400 Hz at amplitudes of motion between 25.4μm to 102μm were applied to the damper assembly. During testing, both compressive preload and unidirectional static loads of up to 1335N and 445N, respectively, were applied to the damper assembly. The experimental data from these tests were analyzed using both a single degree of freedom model and an energy method. These methods of data analysis are reviewed here and results are compared. Excellent agreement in results obtained from the two methods was achieved. Equivalent viscous damping coefficients as high as 1050 N.s/cm (600 lbf.s/in) were obtained at low frequencies. Dynamic stiffness was shown to be fairly constant with frequency.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients With Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Positive for IgM Rheumatoid Factor Have Higher Disease Activity (2018)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that mainly affects synovial joints. Validated laboratory parameters for RA diagnosis are higher blood levels of rheumatoid factor IgM (IgM-RF), anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies (ACPA), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Clinical parameters used are the number of tender (TJC) and swollen joints (SJC) and the global patient visual analog score (VAS). To determine disease remission in patients a disease activity score (DAS28) can be calculated based on SJC, TJC, VAS, and ESR (or alternatively CRP). However, subtle and better predictive changes to follow treatment responses in individual patients cannot be measured by the above mentioned parameters nor by measuring cytokine levels in blood. As extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in intercellular communication and carry a multitude of signals we set out to determine their value as a biomarker for disease activity. EVs were isolated from platelet-free plasma of 41 RA patients and 24 healthy controls (HC) by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). We quantified the particle and protein concentration, using NanoSight particle tracking analysis and micro-BCA, respectively, and observed no differences between RA patients and HC. In plasma of 28 out of 41 RA patients IgM-RF was detectable by ELISA, and in 13 out of these 28 seropositive RA patients (RF<sup>+</sup>RA) IgM-RF was also detected on their isolated pEVs (IgM-RF<sup>+</sup>). In seronegative RA patients (RF<sup>-</sup>RA) we did not find any RF present on pEVs. When comparing disease parameters we found no differences between RF<sup>+</sup>RA and RF<sup>-</sup>RA patients, except for increased ESR levels in RF<sup>+</sup>RA patients. However, RF<sup>+</sup>RA patients with IgM-RF<sup>+</sup> pEVs showed significantly higher levels of CRP and ESR and also VAS and DAS28 were significantly increased compared to RA<sup>+</sup> patients without IgM-RF<sup>+</sup> pEVs. This study shows for the first time the presence of IgM-RF on pEVs in a proportion of RF<sup>+</sup>RA patients with a higher disease activity.