gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Invasive meningococcal infection after splenectomy (1994)

EDITOR, - Various articles have emphasised the lifelong risk of overwhelming sepsis after splenectomy,1 and the importance of immunising asplenic patients with polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine.2,3 Mary McMullin and George Johnston point out that, while Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common infecting organism, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Escherichia coli are also important potential pathogens after splenectomy.1 We report two recent deaths from fulminant meningococcal septicaemia in people in Western Australia who had undergone …
Conservative Cell Load Approximation for Radio Networks with Shannon Channels and its Application to LTE Network Planning (2010)

The aim of this work is wireless network design and optimization. The well-known Shannon-Hartley formula describes the achievable bitrate of a noisy transmit channel. The downlink air-interface of UTRAN Long Term Evolution (LTE) seems to closely follow such a law, when it is modified with appropriate bandwidth and signal to noise ratio (SNR) efficiency factors. Motivated by this observation, we address the problem to characterize the cell loads in large radio networks when the achieved downlink air interface bitrates follow modified Shannon-Hartley laws. We take advantage of the concavity of an appropriate transform of these laws in order to establish a system of conservative cell load and call acceptance probability equations. This approximation achieves a dimension reduction from the number of mobiles to the number of cells. We suggest to solve the obtained fixed-point equations through a direct iteration and to deduce the network capacity from the solution. This procedure yields network capacity evaluations which are fast enough to support network planning processes. For this purpose we sketch a simple local search algorithm for the selection of base station locations and optimization of cell parameters. In an example we show that the proposed cell load calculation and network capacity optimization is fast enough to support this site selection and cell configuration planning method for LTE networks.
Immunotoxicology in the Pharmaceutical Industry (1982)

Development of an immunotoxicology program within the pharmaceutical industry is described. With few guidelines in the area and a multitude of factors to consider, a basic screen for evaluating immune competence in species routinely used in toxicologic studies has been proposed. The future of immunotoxicology depends upon the ability of the selected immune function tests to be predictive of human risk.
Deviations of different systems for guided implant surgery (2016)

The clinician may have considerable impact on the accuracy of GIS when applying eccentric forces.
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Rates of Penetrating or Endothelial Keratoplasty for Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy Among US Medicare Beneficiaries (2016)

In 2014, keratoplasty was 1.9 times more likely in US Medicare fee-for-service white patients than African American patients with FECD. This might be caused by racial/ethnic differences in the biology of FECD, access to care, or other unidentified factors.
Increased Levels of Inflammatory Mediators in Lung Cancer and Their Modulation by Oral Anticoagulant Treatment. (2006)

Abstract Venous thromboembolic events (VTE) are associated with lung cancer and significantly contributes to the increased mortality in these patients. While the increased prevalence of VTE is fully recognized in lung cancer, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Even the patients undergoing therapeutic interventions are at high risk to develop VTE. These patients provide a unique clinical setting to investigate the pathogenesis of lung cancer associated thrombosis. In a prospective, randomized, controlled study patients with inoperable lung cancer (n=100) were randomized to receive chemotherapy, radiation and warfarin (INR 1.5–2.5) or chemotherapy, radiation without warfarin (n=50). Blood samples were drawn prior to and after the second treatment cycle with warfarin. All samples were analyzed for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF a), CD 40 ligand (CD 40L), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1b), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and nitric oxide (NO) as summarized in Table 1. All of the surrogate markers of inflammation showed a decreased trend (13–50%) in the warfarin treated group, whereas the non-warfarin treated group exhibited an increase (18–46%) in all markers except CRP and ADMA. The levels of various inflammatory markers are upregulated in lung cancer suggesting a pathogenic role of this process in lung cancer. Warfarin down regulated the inflammatory process in contrast to the non-warfarin treated group. The clinical relevance of these observations require additional analysis. Table 1 Test Warfarin Treated Warfarin Treated Warfarin Treated Non-Warfarin Treated Non-Warfarin Treated Non-Warfarin Treated Pre Post % Change Pre Post % Change TNF α (pg/ml) 63±22 44.4±18.2 ↓30 50.7±18 62.9±19.2 ↑24 CD 40L (ng/ml) 671±212 470±123 ↓29 563±176 712±234 ↑26 CRP (μg/ml) 19.1±8.5 9.6±2.8 ↓50 18.2±9.2 9.9±3.1 ↓46 NO (μM) 33.4±9.8 29±8.5 ↓13 29.9±8.8 35.2±8.2 ↑18 IL-1β (pg/ml) 14.6±5.7 11.1±5.3 ↓24 15.3±6.2 15.2±5.8 NC ADMA (μ/ml) 2.0±0.8 1.53±0.8 ↓24 2.0±0.8 1.9±0.7 ↓18
Joust: a platform for liquid software (1999)

The authors describe a Java-based platform for liquid software, called Joust, that is specifically designed to support low-level, communication-oriented systems and to avoid the limitations of general-purpose OSs. The authors contrast the platform requirements for communication-oriented liquid software with those of computation-oriented software, identify the limitations of current platforms, and outline the benefits of Joust. They also offer an overview of Scout (the underlying OS upon which Joust is built), its runtime system, and its just-in-time (JIT) compiler.
Validated LC‐ESI‐MS/MS method for simultaneous quantitation of felodipine and metoprolol in rat plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats (2013)

A highly sensitive and specific LC-ESI-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of felodipine (FDP) and metoprolol (MPL) in rat plasma (50 μL) using phenacetin as an internal standard (IS) as per the FDA guidelines. Liquid-liquid extraction method was used to extract the analytes and IS from rat plasma. The chromatographic resolution of FDP, MPL and IS was achieved with a mobile phase consisting of 0.2% formic acid in water-acetonitrile (25:75, v/v) with a time program flow gradient on a C18 column. The total chromatographic run time was 4.0 min and the elution of FDP, MPL and IS occurred at 1.05, 2.59 and 1.65 min, respectively. A linear response function was established for the range of concentrations 0.59-1148 and 0.53-991 ng/mL for FDP and MPL, respectively, in rat plasma. The intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision values for FDP and MPL met the acceptance as per FDA guidelines. FDP and MPL were stable in battery of stability studies viz., bench-top, auto-sampler and freeze-thaw cycles. The validated assay was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rats.
A single sub‐erythematous exposure of solar‐simulated radiation on the elicitation phase of contact hypersensitivity induces IL‐10‐producing T‐regulatory cells in human skin (2006)

Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation has hazardous effects on human health that are, in part, associated with its immunosuppressive effects via the induction of interleukin (IL)-10 production. Although IL-10 is produced by both T helper type 2 (Th2) cells and T-regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells, the relative contribution of either subset in UV radiation-induced immunosuppression has not been established. Here, we show that T cells isolated from non-treated allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) reactions, 48 h following nickel challenge and propagated for 7-10 days in the presence of IL-2, were mainly CD4(+) and produced IL-10, but little interferon-gamma. A single sub-erythematous solar-simulated radiation (SSR) prior to antigen challenge exposure resulted in a clinical attenuation of the intensity of ACD reactions which was associated with a significant increase in both the magnitude of IL-10 production by skin-infiltrating T cells and the frequency of IL-10-producing Tr1 cells. Skin-infiltrating T cells in SSR-exposed, as well as non-exposed, ACD reactions showed a perturbed T-cell receptor (TCR)-Vbeta repertoire, without overexpression of a particular TCR-Vbeta gene product, indicating the presence of high frequencies of nickel non-specific T cells in ACD reactions. These results show that a single sub-erythematous SSR induces immunosuppression via the cutaneous infiltration of IL-10-producing Tr1, and to a lesser extent, Th2 cells.
Session 1 overview memory 1/ semiconductor memory circuits [breaker page] (1971)

Start of the above-titled section of the conference proceedings record.
An overview of on-chip buses (2006)

The electronics industry has entered the era of multi-million-gate chips, and there Xs no turning back. This technology promises new levels of integration on a single chip, called the System-on-a-Chip (SoC) design, but also presents significant challenges to the chip designer. Processing cores on a single chip, may number well into the high tens within the next decade, given the current rate of advancements, [1]. Interconnection networks in such an environment are, therefore, becoming more and more important [2]. Currently on-chip interconnection networks are mostly implemented using buses. For SoC applications, design reuse becomes easier if standard internal connection buses are used for interconnecting components of the design. Design teams developing modules intended for future reuse can design interfaces for the standard bus around their particular modules. This allows future designers to slot the reuse module into their new design simply, which is also based around the same standard bus [3]. In this paper we give an overview of the more popular on-chip bus-based interconnection networks such as AMBA, Avalon CoreConnect, STBus, Wishbone, etc. The main characteristics of the considered buses in respect to topology, arbitration method, bus-width, and types of data transfers are discussed.
PARAINFLUENZA 2 (CA) VIRUS IN YOUNG ADULTS1 (1961)

Journal Article PARAINFLUENZA 2 (CA) VIRUS IN YOUNG ADULTS Get access WILLIAM J. MOGABGAB, WILLIAM J. MOGABGAB Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ELLIOT C. DICK, ELLIOT C. DICK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar BARBARA HOLMES BARBARA HOLMES Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 74, Issue 3, November 1961, Pages 304–310, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120221 Published: 01 November 1961 Article history Received: 27 June 1961 Published: 01 November 1961
Mode of action-based risk assessment of genotoxic carcinogens (2020)

The risk assessment of chemical carcinogens is one major task in toxicology. Even though exposure has been mitigated effectively during the last decades, low levels of carcinogenic substances in food and at the workplace are still present and often not completely avoidable. The distinction between genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens has traditionally been regarded as particularly relevant for risk assessment, with the assumption of the existence of no-effect concentrations (threshold levels) in case of the latter group. In contrast, genotoxic carcinogens, their metabolic precursors and DNA reactive metabolites are considered to represent risk factors at all concentrations since even one or a few DNA lesions may in principle result in mutations and, thus, increase tumour risk. Within the current document, an updated risk evaluation for genotoxic carcinogens is proposed, based on mechanistic knowledge regarding the substance (group) under investigation, and taking into account recent improvements in analytical techniques used to quantify DNA lesions and mutations as well as "omics" approaches. Furthermore, wherever possible and appropriate, special attention is given to the integration of background levels of the same or comparable DNA lesions. Within part A, fundamental considerations highlight the terms hazard and risk with respect to DNA reactivity of genotoxic agents, as compared to non-genotoxic agents. Also, current methodologies used in genetic toxicology as well as in dosimetry of exposure are described. Special focus is given on the elucidation of modes of action (MOA) and on the relation between DNA damage and cancer risk. Part B addresses specific examples of genotoxic carcinogens, including those humans are exposed to exogenously and endogenously, such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and the corresponding alcohols as well as some alkylating agents, ethylene oxide, and acrylamide, but also examples resulting from exogenous sources like aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub>, allylalkoxybenzenes, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoxaline (MeIQx), benzo[a]pyrene and pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Additionally, special attention is given to some carcinogenic metal compounds, which are considered indirect genotoxins, by accelerating mutagenicity via interactions with the cellular response to DNA damage even at low exposure conditions. Part C finally encompasses conclusions and perspectives, suggesting a refined strategy for the assessment of the carcinogenic risk associated with an exposure to genotoxic compounds and addressing research needs.
Isocyanate‐Free and Dual Curing of Smokeless Composite Rocket Propellants (2012)

Abstract Traditional composite rocket propellants are cured by treatment of hydroxyl‐terminated prepolymers with polyfunctional aliphatic isocyanates. For development of smokeless composite propellants containing nitramines and/or ammonium dinitramide (ADN), energetic binder systems using glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) are of particular interest. Polyfunctional alkynes are potential isocyanate‐free curing agents for GAP through thermal azide‐alkyne cycloaddition and subsequent formation of triazole crosslinkages. Propargyl succinate or closely related aliphatic derivatives have previously been reported for such isocyanate‐free curing of GAP. Herein, we present the synthesis and use of a new aromatic alkyne curing agent, the crystalline solid bisphenol A bis(propargyl ether) (BABE), as isocyanate‐free curing agent in smokeless propellants based on GAP, using either octogen (HMX) and/or prilled ADN as energetic filler materials. Thermal and mechanical properties, impact and friction sensitivity and ballistic characteristics were evaluated for these alkyne cured propellants. Improved mechanical properties could be obtained by combining isocyanate and alkyne curing agents (dual curing), a combination that imparted better mechanical properties in the cured propellants than either curing system did individually. The addition of a neutral polymeric bonding agent (NPBA) for improvement of binder‐filler interactions was also investigated using tensile testing and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It was verified that the presence of isocyanates is essential for the NPBA to improve the mechanical properties of the propellants, further strengthening the attractiveness of dual cure systems.
Variations du temps de séjour du foin, du son de blé et de la pulpe de betteraves avec le niveau alimentaire et la proportion d'aliment concentré dans une ration mixte chez des chèvres laitières (1988)

R
Substrate temperature dependence of feature profile of carbon films on substrate with submicron trenches (2010)

To control deposition profile of carbon films in trenches, we have studied substrate temperature dependence of deposition rate of carbon films and we have realized anisotropic deposition of carbon films in trenches above 250° deposited by CVD plasma of toluene diluted H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , in trenches. Here, we report dependence of properties of plasma CVD carbon films on substrate temperature.
CRYOPRESERVATION OF MOUSE PANCREATIC ISLETS (1986)

In most previous studies of cryopreserved isolated pancreatic islets, a slow cooling rate has been employed. We recently observed that faster cooling (5 degrees C/min) resulted in better functional islet preservation than cooling at 0.5 degrees C/min. We found that a culture period after the collagenase isolation of the islets, but prior to freezing, is crucial for the preservation of the islet B cell function. In the present investigation the function of isolated mouse pancreatic islets cooled in Hanks' solution supplemented with 2 M dimethylsulphoxide was compared with that of nonfrozen, cultured islets prepared from the same donors. The islets were cultured in RPMI 1640 + 10% calf serum for 3 days before freezing, and for 3 days after rapid thawing at 37 degrees C. Islets were cooled at rates of 5, 15, or 25 degrees C/min to 70 degrees C and then plunged into liquid nitrogen. All three groups of cryopreserved islets responded with insulin secretion when challenged with high glucose concentrations in batch-type incubations. In further experiments it was found that glucose-stimulated (pro)insulin biosynthesis in islets frozen at 25 degrees C/min was the same as that in the controls. Similar observations were made with respect to glucose-stimulated insulin release in perifusion experiments. However, a 30% reduction in insulin content was observed in the rapidly frozen islets. There was no difference in the replicatory capacity of the islets cells in vitro, as determined by an autoradiographic technique, between control islets and islets cooled at 5 degrees C or 25 degrees C/min. Intrasplenic implantation of 600-800 cryopreserved syngeneic islets into alloxan-diabetic mice led to complete or partial normalization of the hyperglycemia in seven of nine mice. When splenectomy was performed in five animals the serum glucose concentrations increased promptly. We conclude that relatively rapid cooling rates may be useful for cryopreservation of isolated pancreatic islets.
Regulation of the expression of whiB1 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: role of cAMP receptor protein (2006)

The wbl (whiB-like) genes encode putative transcription factors unique to actinomycetes. This study characterized the promoter element of one of the seven wbl genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, whiB1 (Rv3219c). The results reveal that whiB1 is transcribed by a class I-type cAMP receptor protein (CRP)-dependent promoter, harbouring a CRP-binding site positioned at -58.5 with respect to its transcription start point. In vivo promoter activity analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays suggest that the expression of whiB1 is indeed regulated by cAMP-dependent binding of CRP(M) (encoded by the M. tuberculosis gene Rv3676) to the whiB1 5' untranslated region (5'UTR). beta-Galactosidase gene fusion analysis revealed induction of the whiB1 promoter in M. tuberculosis on addition of exogenous dibutyric cAMP (a diffusible cAMP analogue) only when an intact CRP-binding site was present. These results indicate that M. tuberculosis whiB1 transcription is regulated in part by cAMP levels via direct binding of cAMP-activated CRP(M) to a consensus CRP-binding site in the whiB1 5'UTR.
Annual Report to the Nation on the status of cancer, 1975‐2008, featuring cancers associated with excess weight and lack of sufficient physical activity (2012)

Although improvements are reported in the US cancer burden, excess weight and lack of sufficient physical activity contribute to the increased incidence of many cancers, adversely affect quality of life for cancer survivors, and may worsen prognosis for several cancers. The current report highlights the importance of efforts to promote healthy weight and sufficient physical activity in reducing the cancer burden in the United States.
OPEN STANDARDS FOR CBTC AND CCTV RADIO-BASED COMMUNICATION (2004)

Train control places high demands on effective wireless roaming due to high-speed mobility. Unlike a home or office environment, where roaming is rare and deferred communication is tolerated, Communications-Based Train Control (CBTC) demands continuous communication in an environment where roaming is a certainty and often occurs at very high speeds. This paper demonstrates the concept of continuous wireless scanning and seamless roaming hand-over providing reliable and sustained communication for smooth CBTC operation. Alcatel is pioneering the implementation of an open standards RF communications technology (802.11 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)) for trains moving in excess of 120km/h. Whether it's used for Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC) or Closed Circuit Television (CCTV), 802.11 remains the preferred choice since it's the only standard that supports mobility and defends against obsolescence. Alcatel adopted 802.11 FHSS technology in 1999 and has performed several trials and demonstrations since then. The network established to provide communications between all major CBTC subsystems is called the Data Communication System (DCS). The DCS is an integrated seamless Ethernet-IP network that includes both wire-line and a wireless component. Although simple in concept, the DCS is a complicated mix of network equipment and RF wireless components, all protected by a robust security system. The DCS uses only commercial-off-the-shelf components and open standard software and protocols. Designing uniform wireless coverage is the foundation for delivering uninterrupted wireless communication. The fundamental principle for maintaining consistent wireless performance is a strategy based on the balanced combination of interference, threshold settings, radio location and signal strength, antenna selection and orientation, as well as antenna diversity vs. coverage. Any unbalanced combination of these will produce erratic behavior within the wireless coverage area; to include irregular mis-associations, excessive retransmissions, unacceptable dropped packets, and/or unpredictable sporadic SA resets. This paper discusses the methods used to provide seamless wireless coverage in a rail environment.
Synthesis and Higher-order Structural Characterization of Polyimides Containing Chain-length-controlled Polysiloxanes (2022)

The synthesis of polyimides (PIs) containing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with controlled chain length and the formation of higher-order structures were studied. Polycondensation was carried out using diphenyl-3,3',4,4'-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) and diamine oligomers having amino groups on both ends of PDMS. The obtained poly(amic acid) (PAA) and PI showed good solubility in several common polar solvents while less soluble in non-protic amide polar solvents. The obtained bulk films of PI suggested forming a microphase-separated structure with domains based on PDMS and other aromatic moieties.
Epitaxial growth of quad-crystal Co-alloy magnetic recording media (1999)

Quad-crystal CO-alloy/Cr/Ag thin film media were epitaxially grown on hydrofluric acid etched Si(111) single crystal substrates by sputter deposition. The orientation relationship was studied by x-ray θ/2θ diffraction and pole figure Φ-scan, and it was determined to be Co(1011) || Cr(ll0) || Ag(111) || Si(111). The Ag layer contains two twin-related orientations of grains. Cr grows with three variants of grains on the Ag(111) layer. Since Co(1011) contains grains with four possible easy axis directions when grown on each Cr variant, the quad-crystal media consist of grains with twelve easy axis directions and exhibit nearly isotropic in-plane magnetic properties.