gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of Air–Sea Coupling on the Madden–Julian Oscillation in a General Circulation Model (2000)

The impact of air–sea coupling on the dynamics of the tropical Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is investigated with an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) coupled to an ocean mixed layer model. In the uncoupled GCM, where climatological sea surface temperature (SST) is specified, realistic space–time spectra of near-equatorial zonal wind and precipitation are produced, with power concentrated at eastward wavenumbers 1–3 with periods of 35–90 days. However, the simulated MJO is roughly 50% stronger than observed, largely resulting from enormous activity during northern summer. Furthermore, during southern summer, when the observed MJO is most dominant across the Indian and western Pacific Oceans, intraseasonal variance in the uncoupled model is overly concentrated to the north and east of Australia with little activity extending into the equatorial Indian Ocean. Contrary to other recent modeling studies, coupling did not alleviate either of these problems nor did it have any other appreciable impact on the model’s MJO. Feedback of the SST anomalies onto the MJO, both observed and diagnosed in other coupled models, appears to result from correlation of positive equatorial SST anomalies across the warm pool with surface low pressure to the east of the convective anomaly. This feedback is insignificant in the present coupled model because the SST anomalies, besides being too weak and not spatially coherent, do not systematically exhibit the requisite phasing with the surface pressure. The observed SST anomalies result from a combination of shortwave radiation and latent heat flux, whereby reduced shortwave radiation associated with enhanced convection slightly leads enhanced latent heat flux associated with increased surface westerlies. The model does produce realistic shortwave radiation anomalies, but its latent heat flux anomalies are too weak and do not constructively add with the shortwave radiation anomalies. It is concluded that coupling is not a panacea for problems of simulating the MJO in uncoupled GCMs and that coupling, if it is important, depends critically on the structure of the surface fluxes produced by the MJO.
Abstract 16708: Data Driven Phenotyping of Patients With Heart Failure using a Deep-learning Cluster Representation of Echocardiographic and Electronic Health Record Data (2017)

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a common condition with a significant clinical burden. Despite numerous etiologies that lead to HF, the most common clinical classification is solely based on he...
Progressive dysexecutive syndrome due to Alzheimer’s disease: a description of 55 cases and comparison to other phenotypes (2020)

We report a group of patients presenting with a progressive dementia syndrome characterized by predominant dysfunction in core executive functions, relatively young age of onset and positive biomarkers for Alzheimer's pathophysiology. Atypical frontal, dysexecutive/behavioural variants and early-onset variants of Alzheimer's disease have been previously reported, but no diagnostic criteria exist for a progressive dysexecutive syndrome. In this retrospective review, we report on 55 participants diagnosed with a clinically defined progressive dysexecutive syndrome with <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers available. Sixty-two per cent of participants were female with a mean of 15.2 years of education. The mean age of reported symptom onset was 53.8 years while the mean age at diagnosis was 57.2 years. Participants and informants commonly referred to initial cognitive symptoms as 'memory problems' but upon further inquiry described problems with core executive functions of working memory, cognitive flexibility and cognitive inhibitory control. Multi-domain cognitive impairment was evident in neuropsychological testing with executive dysfunction most consistently affected. The frontal and parietal regions which overlap with working memory networks consistently demonstrated hypometabolism on positron emission tomography. Genetic testing for autosomal dominant genes was negative in all eight participants tested and at least one <i>APOE</i> ε<i>4</i> allele was present in 14/26 participants tested. EEG was abnormal in 14/17 cases with 13 described as diffuse slowing. Furthermore, CSF or neuroimaging biomarkers were consistent with Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology, although CSF p-tau was normal in 24% of cases. Fifteen of the executive predominate participants enrolled in research neuroimaging protocols and were compared to amnestic (<i>n</i> = 110), visual (<i>n</i> = 18) and language (<i>n</i> = 7) predominate clinical phenotypes of Alzheimer's disease. This revealed a consistent pattern of hypometabolism in parieto-frontal brain regions supporting executive functions with relative sparing of the medial temporal lobe (versus amnestic phenotype), occipital (versus visual phenotype) and left temporal (versus language phenotype). We propose that this progressive dysexecutive syndrome should be recognized as a distinct clinical phenotype disambiguated from behavioural presentations and not linked specifically to the frontal lobe or a particular anatomic substrate without further study. This clinical presentation can be due to Alzheimer's disease but is likely not specific for any single aetiology. Diagnostic criteria are proposed to facilitate additional research into this understudied clinical presentation.
Antibody to Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand Ameliorates T Cell-Mediated Periodontal Bone Resorption (2010)

Activated T and B lymphocytes in periodontal disease lesions express receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), which induces osteoclastic bone resorption. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of anti-RANKL antibody on periodontal bone resorption in vitro and in vivo. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans outer membrane protein 29 (Omp29) and A. actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were injected into 3 palatal gingival sites, and Omp29-specific T clone cells were transferred into the tail veins of rats. Rabbit anti-RANKL IgG antibody or F(ab')₂ antibody fragments thereof were injected into the palatal sites in each rat (days -1, 1, and 3). Anti-RANKL IgG antibody significantly inhibited soluble RANKL (sRANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro, in a dose-dependent manner, but also gave rise to a rat antibody response to rabbit IgG in vivo, with no significant inhibition of periodontal bone resorption detected. Lower doses (1.5 and 0.15 μg/3 sites) of F(ab')₂ antibody were not immunogenic in the context of the experimental model. Periodontal bone resorption was inhibited significantly by injection of the anti-RANKL F(ab')₂ antibody into gingivae. The sRANKL concentrations for the antibody-treated groups were decreased significantly compared to those for the untreated group. Osteoclasts on the alveolar bone surface were also diminished significantly after antibody injection. Gingival sRANKL concentration and bone loss showed a significant correlation with one another in animals receiving anti-RANKL F(ab')₂ antibody. These results suggest that antibody to RANKL can inhibit A. actinomycetemcomitans-specific T cell-induced periodontal bone resorption by blockade and reduction of tissue sRANKL, providing an immunological approach to ameliorate immune cell-mediated periodontal bone resorption.
On the dominant interface trap generation process during hot-carrier stressing [MOSFETs] (2002)

The analysis of a kink observed in the charge pumping current versus stress time curve supports the recent claim of a new interface-trap generation mechanism during hot-carrier stress. The trap generation process, which relates to the interaction between hot carriers and the Si-SiO/sub 2/ interface, proceeds with a generation coefficient higher than those of hot-hole or hot-electron injection. With its dominance in the late stage, it is likely to limit the lifetime of N-MOSFETs under AC operation.
Synthesis of [18F]‐labeled 2′‐deoxy‐2′‐fluoro‐5‐methyl‐1‐β‐D‐arabinofuranosyluracil ([18F]‐FMAU) (2002)

Abstract Synthesis of 2′‐deoxy‐2′‐[ 18 F]fluoro‐5‐methyl‐1‐ β ‐D‐arabinofuranosyluracil ([ 18 F]‐FMAU) is reported. 2‐Deoxy‐2‐[ 18 F]fluoro‐1,3,5‐tri‐O‐benzoyl‐ α ‐D‐arabinofuranose 2 was prepared by the reaction of the respective triflate 1 with tetrabutylammonium[ 18 F]fluoride. The fluorosugar 2 was converted to its 1‐bromo‐derivative 3 and coupled with protected thymine 4 . The crude product mixture ( 5a and 5b ) was hydrolyzed in base and purified by HPLC to obtain the radiolabeled FMAU 6a . The radiochemical yield of 6a was 20–30% decay corrected (d.c.) in four steps with an average of 25% in four runs. Radiochemical purity was &gt;99% and average specific activity was 2300 mCi/μmol at the end of synthesis (EOS). The synthesis time was 3.5–4.0 h from the end of bombardment (EOB). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
BIOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE MARINE FUNGI OF WOODS HOLE WATERS (1936)

In the foregoing paper are described fifteen species of phycomycetous marine fungi, two myxomycetes, and a Protomyxa-like protozoan, all collected in the vicinity of Woods Hole, Mass. Included in these are two new genera and two new species. With one exception, the fungi were either parasites, facultative saprophytes, or saprophytes on various species of marine algæ. One was found parasitizing the eggs of a microscopic animal, probably a rotifer. The results of preliminary attempts to culture Sirolpidium bryopsidis, a facultative saprophyte of the green alga, Bryopsis plumosa, are reported. None of these fungi, with perhaps the exception of Rhizophidium discinctum, has heretofore been known from the United States. The existence of true marine fungi, their work as one of the several types of "reducers" in the sea, and their possible importance in the formation of marine humus are discussed in particular.
Liquid scintillator for 2D dosimetry for high‐energy photon beams (2009)

Complex radiation therapy techniques require dosimetric verification of treatment planning and delivery. The authors investigated a liquid scintillator (LS) system for application for real-time high-energy photon beam dosimetry. The system was comprised of a transparent acrylic tank filled with liquid scintillating material, an opaque outer tank, and a CCD camera. A series of images was acquired when the tank with liquid scintillator was irradiated with a 6 MV photon beam, and the light data measured with the CCD camera were filtered to correct for scattering of the optical light inside the liquid scintillator. Depth-dose and lateral profiles as well as two-dimensional (2D) dose distributions were found to agree with results from the treatment planning system. Further, the corrected light output was found to be linear with dose, dose rate independent, and is robust for single or multiple acquisitions. The short time needed for image acquisition and processing could make this system ideal for fast verification of the beam characteristics of the treatment machine. This new detector system shows a potential usefulness of the LS for 2D QA.
Kinetics of bee venom specific antibodies. (2016)

&lt;p&gt;The sample at day -60 was taken at the pre-screening, the first bee venom injection was done at day 0 and the first sample after at day 30. Diamonds are for specific IgE (kU/L) and the squares for specific IgG4 (mg/L). (A)kinetics of specific IgE production for all patients; (B) kinetics for specific IgE and IgG4 for a single representative patient.&lt;/p&gt;
Integration of $S$ /Ka/$D$ -Band Antennas in LTCC With a Cylindrical Radome for Triband Applications (2019)

This paper presents the integration of S /Ka/D -band antennas in a low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) package. Three types of antennas, microstrip patch, grid array, and step-profiled horn, operating at different bands are compactly assembled in the same substrate. For electromagnetic isolation, a specific layout and extra-shielding structures, such as fences of metallic vias and air cavities, are designed to reduce the unwanted coupling between antennas. In addition to the antennas, a cylindrical radome is introduced closely attached to the surface of the LTCC substrate. Since radome acts as a dielectric superstrate, its influence on radiation performance is also taken into consideration, especially for D -band operation, where a ring-shaped cavity is introduced to suppress the detrimental propagation of surface waves inside radome and enhance the gain as a consequence of dielectric loading effect. Measured results agree well with simulation. Proposed triband antennas, working at three frequencies 3, 30.5, and 120 GHz, achieve broadside gains of 6.51, 9.74, and 13.36 dBi with -10 dB fractional impedance bandwidths of 15.3%, 6.1%, and 6.5%, respectively.
Composición de los ácidos grasos libres y totales de los cavas y de los vinos base destinados a su elaboración (1994)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether group psychotherapy was effective in improving of quality of life and would decrease the symptoms of anxiety and depression in Parkinson's disease patients. Sixteen subjects, with idiopathic Parkinson's disease recruited from the school clinical Hospital/UNICAMP. Were randomly divided in to two groups, experimental and control. Parkinson's Disease and Quality of Life - PDQL; Beck Depression Inventory - BDI; State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory - STAI were used to evaluate the patients. The statistical analysis showed significant effect of the interaction group vs. time in depression (0.0009), anxiety (<0.0001) and QuoL (0.0018) and positive changes in depression (0.0029), anxiety (0.0009) and QuoL (0.0047) for the treated group.
Treatment of menopausal oestrogen deficiency symptoms in hysterectomised women by means of 17β‐oestradiol pellet implants (1978)

Ninety-four women having undergone hysterectomy, with or without simultaneous ovariectomy, were treated for menopausal symptoms by means of subcutaneous implantation of sterile pellets containing 20 mg 17beta-oestradiol, 589 implantations in all. The subjective effect was good and lasted generally for about 6 months. The Karyopyknotic index, serum FSH and plasma oestradiol were checked in a few of the patients. The method was judged to be valuable in appropriate cases.
Phosphodiesterase-probes show distinct defects in rd mice and Irish setter dog disorders. (1985)

The phosphodiesterase from the visual cells of rd mice and affected Irish setter dogs has been analyzed, using biochemical, biophysical, and immunological techniques. The authors' findings demonstrate that the mechanisms that cause a deficiency in phosphodiesterase activity in rd mice and Irish setter dogs are distinctly different. Apparently, the phosphodiesterase complex is normal in affected Irish setter dogs but is abnormal in rd mice. The criteria used for determining the normalcy of the phosphodiesterase complex were sedimentation characteristics, immuno-cross-reactivity, and histone-activation, which is shown to be a unique characteristic of the visual cell enzyme. According to these criteria, the phosphodiesterase complex in the visual cells of rd mice is either absent or abnormal from the onset of visual cell differentiation until degeneration, because it exhibits no cross-reactivity with antibody to phosphodiesterase; it is not activated by histone; and if present, it exhibits abnormal sedimentation characteristics and perhaps subunit structure. On the other hand, phosphodiesterase from the visual cells of affected Irish setter dogs is normal by the same criteria, because it cross-reacts with antibody against phosphodiesterase; it is activated by histone; and it exhibits normal sedimentation and electrophoretic patterns. It is proposed that depressed levels of phosphodiesterase activity in affected setter photoreceptors are due, perhaps, to a defect in the light-initiated cascade which activates the enzyme normally, in situ.
Südamelihase rakkude struktuuri olulisus rakuhingamise regulatsioonis (2014)

Viimastel aastatel on järjest selgemaks saanud seos raku energeetilise ainevahetuse ja südamehaiguste vahel, mistõttu on oluline uurida seda mõjutavaid tegureid. Töös uuriti südamelihase rakkude mitokondriaalse hingamise regulatsiooni väga erineva rakustruktuuriga preparaatides: 1) permeabiliseeritud kardiomüotsüütides, kus mitokondrid on regulaarselt organiseeritud; 2) südamelihase fenotüübiga sarnastes kontraheeruvates HL-1 (B HL-1) rakkudes ja 3) HL-1 mittekontraheeruvates (NB HL-1) rakkudes. Nende preparaatide vahel esines suur erinevus mitokondriaalse hingamise regulatsioonis. Selline tulemus näitab raku struktuuri ja funktsiooni vaheliste seoste tähtsust südamelihase rakkudes ning võimaldab paremini mõista protsesse nii terves kui ka patoloogilises südamelihases. Eesti Arst 2008; 87(1):19−22
Laser-induced surface-plasmon desorption of dye molecules from aluminum films (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser-induced surface-plasmon desorption of dye molecules from aluminum filmsIda. Lee, T. A. Callcott, and E. T. ArakawaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 5, 476–478Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00029a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00029a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Metal Interconnection Using a Direct Imaging Method for HySiF (Hybrid System in Flexible) Devices (2018)

Organic based materials and devices for flexible electronics are recognized as a promising field and application while they also have significant disadvantages such as low charge transport, process temperature limitation, and etc. Those limitations, based on material itself, make the flexible electronic device very difficult to compete with Si-based rigid electronics that have excellent device performance and much advanced design rule. However, the rigid Si based devices are also vulnerable to any types of mechanical stress when they are in use for the flexible applications. Thus, we strongly feel the need to combine benefits from the organic based flexile devices and from the Si based rigid devices by attaching the rigid thin chips on the flexible substrates such as PI (Polyimide), PET (Polyethylene phthalate) and PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) which is accepted as a new or future trend for the next generation of the electronic devices. In order to achieve this new concept, thin device $(\le50 \mu ${m) showing high device performance needs to be attached on the surface of deformable substrates to construct flexible electronic device circuits and it is required to interconnect the thin Si based chip with the flexible polymer substrate. For this specific interconnection, we utilized an ElectroHydroDynamic (EHD) micro-patterning system which is not damaging the flexible substrate unlike the conventional wire bonding method that mechanically damages during the bonding process. To form narrow Ag based metal interconnections, we optimized various experimental parameters (flow rate [$\mu $l/min], applying voltage [kV], working distance [㎛], jetting velocity and acceleration [mm/s, mm/s2]) and the metal lines were sintered at 150 oC for 30 mins to remove any solvent contained in the solution based Ag ink. As a result, we expect that this work will contribute to the fabrication of 3D devices on the flexible substrate that uses the Si based thin chip interconnected by the narrow Ag based metal lines.
Surface Immobilizations of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor Based Sensors (2010)

Recent progress in AlGaN/GaN HEMT sensors is reviewed in this paper. These devices can take advantage of the advantages of microelectronics, including high sensitivity, possibility of high-density integration, and mass manufacturability. HEMT sensors show promising results for protein, DNA, prostate cancer, kidney injury molecules, pH values of solutions, mercury ions as well glucose in the exhaled breath condensate. The method relies on an amplification of small changes in antibody-structure due to binding to antigens. The characteristics of these sensors include fast response (liquid phase-5 to 10 seconds and gas phase- milli-second), digital output signal, small device size (less than 100 x 100 μm2) and chemical and thermal stability.
Characterization of Large Volume CLYC Scintillators for Nuclear Security Applications (2017)

We report on our development of large volume Cs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> LiYCl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> (CLYC) detectors for nuclear security applications. Three-inch diameter boules have been grown and 3-in right cylinders have been fabricated. Crystals containing either >95% <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> Li or >99% <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> Li have been grown for applications specific to thermal or fast neutron detection, respectively. We evaluated their gamma and neutron detection properties and the performance is as good as small size crystals. Gamma and neutron efficiencies were measured for large crystals and compared with smaller size crystals. With their excellent performance characteristics, and the ability to detect fast neutrons, CLYC detectors are excellent triple-mode scintillators for use in handheld and backpack instruments for nuclear security applications.
Improvements in Predicting Void Fraction in Subcooled Boiling (2005)

A simple two-phase thermal-hydraulic tool with the drift-flux model has been used to develop a subcooled boiling model. The tool is composed of four governing equations: mixture mass, vapor mass, mixture momentum, and mixture enthalpy. Using the developed tool, various subcooled boiling models were investigated through the published experimental data. In the process of evaluation, two models were developed associated with the subcooled boiling. First, the Saha and Zuber correlation predicting the point of the net vapor generation was modified to consider the thermal and dynamic effects at the high-velocity region. Second, the pumping factor model was developed using the pi-theorem based on parameters related to the bubble generation mechanism, and it produced an additional parameter: the boiling number. The proposed models and several other models were evaluated against a series of subcooled flow boiling experiments at the pressure range of 1 to 146.8 bars. From the root-mean-square analysis for the predicted void fraction in the subcooled boiling region, the results of the proposed model presented the best predictions for the whole-pressure ranges. Also, the implementation of the developed models into RELAP5/MOD3.3 brought about improved results compared to those of the default model of the code.