gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ceramic-polymer composite for high energy density capacitors (2008)

he U.S. Department of Defense vision for future weapons systems requires the development of electrical pulsers that exceed current state-of-the-art in energy storage density by an order of magnitude or more. Capacitors made from composite dielectric materials consisting of ceramic nanoparticles in a polymer matrix show promise for attaining these goals. TPL Inc. and Sandia National Laboratories have teamed to investigate the limits of these new materials for use in high energy density and high power capacitor designs. The major challenges encountered thus far are quality control in the processing of the materials as well as mechanical stresses resulting from the thermal curing process while forming prototype capacitor devices. This paper reports on the development progress of the composite dielectric for high energy density capacitors.
Particle Transport–Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self‐Powered Mass‐Flow Detection and Explosion Early Warning (2018)

Abstract In the process of particle transport in pipes, particles get charged, and the discharge process can cause fire and explosion, which causes great harm to the safe production. In this paper, a particle transport triboelectric nanogenerator (PT‐TENG) based on particle transport in pipes is developed. The PT‐TENG can be utilized to monitor the mass‐flow of the particles and make explosion early warning without supplying the power. Under the condition of particles passing one by one, the moving speed of the particles can be obtained. When the particles transport continuously, the PT‐TENG can be used as a self‐powered detector to detect the mass flow of the particles in time. The mass flow detector can be installed both inside and outside the transport pipe. The PT‐TENG can be used as a power source to charge capacitors and light up light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Moreover, a self‐powered explosion early warning device has been developed based on the PT‐TENG, which will have widespread application in the safety production.
A Framework for Analyzing Spectrum Characteristics in Large Spatio-temporal Scales (2019)

Understanding spectrum characteristics with little prior knowledge requires fine-grained spectrum data in the frequency, spatial, and temporal domains; gathering such a diverse set of measurements results in a large data volume. Analysis of the resulting dataset poses unique challenges; methods in the status quo are tailored for specific spectrum-related applications (apps), and are ill equipped to process data of this magnitude. In this paper, we design BigSpec, a general-purpose framework that allows for fast processing of apps. The key idea is to reduce computation costs by performing computation extensively on compressed data that preserves signal features. Adhering to this guideline, we build solutions for three apps, i.e., energy detection, spatio-temporal spectrum estimation, and anomaly detection. These apps were chosen to highlight BigSpec's efficiency, scalability, and extensibility. To evaluate BigSpec's performance, we collect more than 1 terabyte of spectrum data spanning a year, across 300MHz-4GHz, covering 400 km2. Compared with baselines and prior works, we achieve 17× run time efficiency, sublinear rather than linear run time scalability, and extend the definition of anomaly to different domains (frequency & spatio-temporal). We also obtain high-level insights from the data to provide valuable advice on future spectrum measurement and data analysis.
Clinical evaluation and follow-up of body mass and blood pressure in pre-elementary school children: program review. (2012)

While administrators of pre-elementary school programs throughout the country recognize the importance of screening and monitoring body mass and hypertension in early childhood populations, typically, few efforts are undertaken to systematically, retrospectively, and critically review them. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of measures, reflective of body mass and blood pressure, collected from a targeted group of 10 urban pre-elementary schools in the Midwestern region of the country, was therefore undertaken. Overweight, obesity, and blood pressure readings suggestive of pre-hypertension and hypertension were found to be more prevalent among both boys and children whose school and residences were located in low-income neighborhoods. More surprising, however, was the lack of documentation of notations in their health records about their BMI status, blood pressure status, and/or need for re-assessment, referral, or follow-up.
Algorithmic cooling in liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (2016)

Algorithmic cooling is a method that employs thermalization to increase qubit purification level; namely, it reduces the qubit system's entropy. We utilized gradient ascent pulse engineering, an optimal control algorithm, to implement algorithmic cooling in liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. Various cooling algorithms were applied onto the three qubits of $^{13}\mathrm{C}_{2}$-trichloroethylene, cooling the system beyond Shannon's entropy bound in several different ways. In particular, in one experiment a carbon qubit was cooled by a factor of 4.61. This work is a step towards potentially integrating tools of NMR quantum computing into in vivo magnetic-resonance spectroscopy.
Large Anisotropic Normal-State Magnetoresistance in CleanMgB2Thin Films (2006)

We report a large normal-state magnetoresistance with temperature-dependent anisotropy in very clean epitaxial MgB2 thin films (residual resistivity much smaller than 1 microOmega cm) grown by hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition. The magnetoresistance shows a complex dependence on the orientation of the applied magnetic field, with a large magnetoresistance (Delta(rho)/(rho)0=136%) observed for the field H perpendicular ab plane. The angular dependence changes dramatically as the temperature is increased, and at high temperatures the magnetoresistance maximum changes to H||ab. We attribute the large magnetoresistance and the evolution of its angular dependence with temperature to the multiple bands with different Fermi surface topology in MgB2 and the relative scattering rates of the sigma and pi bands, which vary with temperature due to stronger electron-phonon coupling for the sigma bands.
Thermal Profiling of Cooled Radial Turbine Wheel (2020)

Abstract Compliance with incoming new emission standards such as Euro6d and China6b will require new approaches to the design of thermally loaded automotive components e.g. turbochargers, exhaust valves and manifolds. However, the validation of those new designs and the need for a rapid market entry will require new temperature measurement technologies to provide accurate data across the entire component. A limited number of techniques are currently available, and all have limitations in the harsh operating conditions of turbomachinery. A new technique, called Thermal History Paint (THP), has been developed to overcome these limitations to enable accurate temperature profiles to be recorded in harsh environments. There are limited publications that cover the use of this technique and this paper demonstrates the capability of the THP through the implementation on turbocharger turbine wheels. A cooled, hollow radial turbine wheel was designed, manufactured via 3D printing and tested. A solid wheel of the same external dimensions was manufactured and tested under the same conditions to act as a baseline. The THP was used to measure the temperature profile of the blade surfaces and to quantify the effectiveness of the cooling. The paint exhibited good durability through the tests of both wheels in a hot gas rig at the University of Bath. Specific calibration data were generated for the test and the repeatability of the measurements was determined to be within 8K. Both the cooled and baseline wheels were measured at many locations and the THP recorded a significantly higher temperature on the baseline solid wheel. The measured temperature profiles were in good agreement with expectation and CFD simulations. The results enable the validation of thermal models and demonstrate the capability of the new measurement technique.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Genetic and Epigenetic Inactivation of Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Promotes an Invasive Phenotype in Human Lung Cancer by Disrupting ECM Homeostasis (2023)

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Is staff consistency important to parents’ satisfaction in a longitudinal study of children at risk for type 1 diabetes: the TEDDY study (2022)

NCT00279318 .
Combretastatins: From Natural Products to Drug Discovery (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Breast Reconstruction after Mastectomy (1995)

The severely deformed septum remains a problem. We recommend removing the whole septum and reconstructing a new, straight, septum plane that will be replanted (i.e., extracorporeal correction). Until April 1993 we had used this technique in 1012 patients with functionally as well as aesthetically encouraging results. All septal replants healed primarily. A problem may occur with this technique in reconstructing the dorsum and in stabilizing the replant. The exact technique is explained in detail, and the results are compared with those reported in the literature. Even with this radical procedure, the rate of complication was only 2.2 percent. Biopsies provided the histologic proof of cartilage survival.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Two 1,3‐2,4‐Calix[4]bis‐crown Ethers Containing Two 1,2‐Phenylene and One Pyridine or Anisole Units in Each Crown Ether Moiety. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fluorine and Siloxane Free Waterborne Near Superhydrophobic Organic Coating Based on Styrene Acrylic Polymer Emulsion through Surface Engineering (2021)

Abstract A superhydrophobic coating, free of fluorinated and siloxane materials, has been prepared via reactive compatibilization of all organic blends of hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials. In this case, styrene acrylic emulsion and a combination of hydrophobic waxes (functional rice bran wax and functional polypropylene wax) are blended together in the presence of polycarbodiimide as the reactive compatibilizer. The effect of blending and crosslinking on surface morphology is studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, microscopy analyses (SEM and AFM), contact angle, and surface energy measurements. After heat treatment and crosslinking, synergistic improvements of surface properties with a gradual trend toward superhydrophobicity are observed (water contact angle ≈144° and roll‐off angle of &lt;10°). The system is free of nanoparticles, and the desired surface morphology and microstructure is formed from the mixture of renewable (rice bran) wax and petrochemical (polypropylene) wax. These coatings are shown to have easy‐cleaning as well as self‐cleaning characteristics. Further, the coatings can withstand exposure to solvents as well as mechanical abrasion.
Encapsulation of functional cells by sol–gel silica: actual progress and perspectives for cell therapy (2004)

The conjugation of inorganic materials with biological systems has attracted research interest, as a consequence of the availability of the sol–gel process, operating under experimental conditions compatible with biomolecules and whole cells. In Section 2, the merits and limitations of alkoxide-based sol–gel silica as an immobilization material are presented and discussed with particular attention to the confinement of living cells and cell clusters. Biosil technology is based on the encapsulation of whole cells by a sol–gel silica layer deposited on the cell surface using silica precursors in the gas phase. It is presented in Section 3, which describes some important Biosil features such as mechanical stability, versatility for porosity control with the aim of immunological protection, and maintenance of cell viability with free expression of cell functions. Some recent unpublished results are presented to substantiate the properties of Biosil materials for encapsulation of functional animal cells. Extension of the Biosil process to alginate microencapsulation is then presented in Section 4, with emphasis on biocompatibility within the perspective of cell grafts and therapy. Section 5 covers some clinical transplantations concerning grafts with allogenic pancreatic islets and adenovirus infected cells. The conclusions (Section 6) present some potential guidelines for future trends, specifically for whole cell immobilization by silica and, more in general, for advanced biomaterials.
Apolipoprotein D-mediated preservation of lysosomal function promotes cell survival and delays motor impairment in Niemann-Pick type A disease (2020)

Lysosomal Storage Diseases (LSD) are genetic diseases causing systemic and nervous system dysfunction. The glia-derived lipid binding protein Apolipoprotein D (ApoD) is required for lysosomal functional integrity in glial and neuronal cells, ensuring cell survival upon oxidative stress or injury. Here we test whether ApoD counteracts the pathogenic consequences of a LSD, Niemann Pick-type-A disease (NPA), where mutations in the acid sphingomyelinase gene result in sphingomyelin accumulation, lysosomal permeabilization and early-onset neurodegeneration. We performed a multivariable analysis of behavioral, cellular and molecular outputs in 12 and 24 week-old male and female NPA model mice, combined with ApoD loss-of-function mutation. Lack of ApoD in NPA mice accelerates cerebellar-dependent motor deficits, enhancing loss of Purkinje neurons. We studied ApoD expression in brain sections from a NPA patient and age-matched control, and the functional consequences of ApoD supplementation in primary human fibroblasts from two independent NPA patients and two control subjects. Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, and lysosomal functional integrity (pH, Cathepsin B activity, Galectin-3 exclusion) were examined. ApoD is endogenously overexpressed in NPA patients and NPA mouse brains and targeted to lysosomes of NPA patient cells, including Purkinje neurons and cultured fibroblasts. The accelerated lysosomal targeting of ApoD by oxidative stress is hindered in NPA fibroblasts, contributing to NPA lysosomes vulnerability. Exogenously added ApoD reduces NPA-prompted lysosomal permeabilization and alkalinization, reverts lipid peroxides accumulation, and significantly increases NPA cell survival. ApoD administered simultaneously to sphingomyelin overload results in complete rescue of cell survival. Our results reveal that ApoD protection of lysosomal integrity counteracts NPA pathology. ApoD supplementation could significantly delay not only the progression of NPA disease, but also of other LSDs through its beneficial effects in lysosomal functional maintenance.
An Ontological Approach to Integrate Commercial Space Operations with an In-time Aviation Safety Management System (IASMS) (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-4087.vid The emergence of commercial space operations (CSO) is one of many Advanced Air Mobility domains that pose major challenges to in-time safety assurance because of the different architectures used by the operators and other agents. The National Academies recognized the need to improve integration of disparate architectures and recommended that an In-time Aviation Safety Management System (IASMS) be developed to provide seamless connectivity across interacting architectures and enable in-time safety assurance. An ontological approach to integrating CSO with IASMS involves in-time Services, Functions, and Capabilities design to manage operational risks and inform changes to design. The resulting integrated architecture provides a common basis for risk management and in-time safety assurance.
Bespoke Force Field for Simulating the Molecular Dynamics of Porous Organic Cages (2012)

Most organic molecules pack in such a way to minimize free space, therefore exhibit minimal void volume and hence permanent porosity in the solid state is rare. We have previously demonstrated the synthesis of porous organic cages that are permanently porous to a variety of gases. However, study of the static structure alone does not adequately explain the porosity of these materials. This is especially evident in CC3, which takes up a large amount of nitrogen experimentally but its porosity is not obvious from consideration of the computed geometric solvent accessible surface area of the static crystal structure obtained from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. In this study, we show that the structure and flexibility of these organic cages is not well represented by “off the shelf” force fields that have been developed in other areas. Hence, we develop and test a bespoke force field (CSFF) for simulating the molecular dynamics of a series of porous organic cage materials. The development of CSFF has unlocked the ability to investigate phenomena that are difficult to study by direct experiments, for example, molecular dynamic analysis of the window diameters in CC3 has helped to rationalize its high N2 uptake. In the future, there is much scope to use CSFF to understand the uptake of gases and also larger guests such as halogens and solvents within a whole host of different cage systems leading on to the use of MD analysis for in silico screening of cage materials for particular molecular separations. If reliable, this could be faster than the associated sorption experiments.
Telomere DNA Content Predicts Breast Cancer–Free Survival Interval (2007)

TC in breast cancer tissue is an independent predictor in this group of breast cancer-free survival interval.
Applying Tamm plasmon polaritons for determining the birefringence of a thin film (2020)

The anisotropy of a thin film can be created by a wide variety of methods and it has found many applications. Liquid crystal (LC) molecules are aligned in a specific orientation on a rubbed polyimide film for conventional LC displays (LCDs). The rubbing process on the polyimide film controls the azimuthal and polar angles of the LCs, and it can cause physicochemical anisotropy on the polyimide film and produce the birefringence <i>Δ</i><i>n</i> in the azimuthal direction. Knowing the rubbing-induced optical axis of polyimide films is crucial for achieving optimum electro-optical properties of LCDs. The rubbing-induced <i>Δ</i><i>n</i> and the resolution less than 2 deg for determining the optical axis of the rubbed polyimide are obtained by applying Tamm plasmon polaritons in this Letter.
High-Capacity Methane Storage in Metal−Organic Frameworks M2(dhtp): The Important Role of Open Metal Sites (2009)

We found that metal-organic framework (MOF) compounds M(2)(dhtp) (open metal M = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn; dhtp = 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate) possess exceptionally large densities of open metal sites. By adsorbing one CH(4) molecule per open metal, these sites alone can generate very large methane storage capacities, 160-174 cm(3)(STP)/cm(3), approaching the DOE target of 180 cm(3)(STP)/cm(3) for material-based methane storage at room temperature. Our adsorption isotherm measurements at 298 K and 35 bar for the five M(2)(dhtp) compounds yield excess methane adsorption capacities ranging from 149 to 190 cm(3)(STP)/cm(3) (derived using their crystal densities), indeed roughly equal to the predicted, maximal adsorption capacities of the open metals (within +/-10%) in these MOFs. Among the five isostructural MOFs studied, Ni(2)(dhtp) exhibits the highest methane storage capacity, approximately 200 cm(3)(STP)/cm(3) in terms of absolute adsorption, potentially surpassing the DOE target by approximately 10%. Our neutron diffraction experiments clearly reveal that the primary CH(4) adsorption occurs directly on the open metal sites. Initial first-principles calculations show that the binding energies of CH(4) on the open metal sites are significantly higher than those on typical adsorption sites in classical MOFs, consistent with the measured large heats of methane adsorption for these materials. We attribute the enhancement of the binding strength to the unscreened electrostatic interaction between CH(4) and the coordinatively unsaturated metal ions.
Optimum culture conditions of degradation of poplar lignin by Coriolus hirstus IFO 4917. (1985)

Biodegradation of lignin was investigated by usingCoriolus hirstusIFO 4917 and poplar wood meal (42-60 mesh). The optimum cultivation conditions were also studied.Optimum temperature and pH were 35°C and 4.0 to 7.0, respectively. The optimum moisture content was ca. 54% (This value is equivalent to ca. 2 mlof the basal medium to ca. 1 g of poplar wood meal.). Under conditions above mentioned, about 25% of lignin was decomposed after ten days.As a carbon source, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC) was most effective in the lignin decomposition by C. hirstus IFO 4917. By using CMC, lignin decomposition after 10 days increased to 27.4%. Two percent molasses was also effective as the carbon source.For a nitrogen source, urea was the most effective one. Addition of 0.5% glucose as the carbon source and 0.2% urea as the nitrogen source to the basal medium increased poplar lignin decomposition to as much as 31.5% for 10 days. Amino acids such as L-Arginine, L-Asparagine, and L-Citrulline were also effective as another nitrogen source in lignin decomposition of poplar wood meal. These components are well known as the members of the urea cycle.
Improved Conditions for the Proline-Catalyzed Aldol Reaction of Acetone with Aliphatic Aldehydes (2014)

The proline-catalyzed asymmetric aldol reaction between aliphatic aldehydes and acetone has, to date, remained underdeveloped. Challenges in controlling this reaction include avoiding undesired side reactions such as aldol condensation and self-aldolization. In recent years we have developed optimized conditions, which enable high yields and good to excellent enantioselectivities, and which are presented in this communication.
Is the internet for porn? An insight into the online adult industry (2010)

The online adult industry is among the most profitable business branches on the Internet, and its web sites attract large amounts of visitors and traffic. Nevertheless, no study has yet characterized the industry’s economical and securityrelated structure. As cyber-criminals are motivated by financial incentives, a deeper understanding and identification of the economic actors and interdependencies in the online adult business is important for analyzing securityrelated aspects of this industry. In this paper, we provide a survey of the different economic roles that adult web sites assume, and highlight their economic and technical features. We provide insights into security flaws and potential points of interest for cybercriminals. We achieve this by applying a combination of automatic and manual analysis techniques to investigate the economic structure of the online adult industry and its business cases. Furthermore, we also performed several experiments to gain a better understanding of the flow of visitors to these sites and the related cash flow, and report on the lessons learned while operating adult web sites on our own. 1