gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self‐Powered Intelligent Voice Navigation Tactile Pavement Based on High‐Output Hybrid Nanogenerator (2022)

Abstract Improving the safety and usability of the blind movement is of great significance. The blind navigation system has always been the focus of attention. However, achieving an unconscious interaction and long‐term operation with high navigation accuracy is an urgent challenge. In this study, a distributed self‐powered intelligent voice navigation tactile pavement (SVP) based on a hybrid nanogenerator for blind navigation is reported. More than 4‐s effective output time is achieved under a single instantaneous pressure to the hybrid nanogenerator. The system is integrated with an inertial storage hybrid nanogenerator (ISNG), RF transmitter module, and voice broadcast module. It has the advantages of outstanding navigation accuracy, fatigue resistance (16 000 cycles), temperature stability (−50 to 50 °C), no required operation, and easy fabrication. The SVP may solve the difficulties of GPS navigation delay and lack of map information and realize the accurate identification and feedback of key locations, providing an effective and unconscious interaction navigation strategy for the blind. Integrating the hybrid nanogenerator under the road can provide an energy supply for the construction of the Internet of Things and smart city in the future.
Continuous-wave operation of a broadly tunable thermoelectrically cooled external cavity quantum-cascade laser (2005)

Continuous-wave operation of an external cavity quantum-cascade laser on a thermoelectric cooler is reported. The active region of the gain element was based on a bound-to-continuum design emitting near 5.15 microm. The external cavity setup was arranged in a Littrow configuration. The front facet of the gain chip was antireflection coated. The laser could be tuned over more than 170 cm(-1) from 4.94 to 5.4 microm and was single mode over more than 140 cm(-1). The output power was in excess of 10 mW over approximately 100 cm(-1) and in excess of 5 mW over approximately 130 cm(-1) at -30 degrees C.
Cycling Ireland to work: sustainable job creation in the tourism sector through the construction of a National Cycling Network (2011)

In the midst of a challenging situation for the tourism sector and the broader economy, Ireland could be presented with the means to cycle its way back to work. One innovative proposal is the establishment of a National Cycle Network (NCN), which would connect major urban centres and open up extensive rural, recreational and commuter routes in Ireland. A NCN could lead to significant job creation in construction and maintenance and kick-start the development of a cycle tourism industry in Ireland. This study will focus on one major route corridor in the proposed NCN: Mullingar (a town of 18,000 inhabitants located in the middle of Ireland) to Galway (a population of 72,000 located on the west coast of Ireland). The study will consider: (i) route selection (ii) design issues and (iii) cost benefit analyses, with the aim of prioritising safety, attractiveness and economic development. The study will lead to guidelines on best practice for the development of a NCN. Cycle tourism is an established industry across much of Europe and it has been found that cycle tourists spend at least as much as other types of tourists, and in some cases more. However, in 2009, only 114,000 tourists (2%) cycled while staying in Ireland. In Germany and the Netherlands, this figure is above 20%. One factor impeding the development of cycle tourism in Ireland is the lack of safe, traffic-free cycle routes. This could be achieved through a combination of on-road and off-road cycle tracks, possibly using existing paths along canal tow-paths and disused railway lines, e.g. the disused Mullingar-Athlone railway line. The use of local, cost-effective and durable construction materials will be investigated and the route selection methodologies carefully studied. Revenue arising from the development of cycle tourism has the potential to revolutionise Irish tourism, particularly in rural areas. On the Veloland Schweiz network in Switzerland (of similar length to Ireland's proposed NCN), the average spend per day by holiday cyclists was 94 pounds in its first year of operation and the initial investment was returned within 2-3 years of opening the network. Aside from geographic and engineering issues, the route selection of the Mullingar-Galway corridor will consider linking in with local business and tourism attractions and the potential for start-up business along the route in the Midlands. The guidelines developed for the Mullingar-Galway route will provide a standard that can enable the efficient and cost-effective implementation of up to 2000 km of cycle routes proposed in the Irish national cycling strategy.
T cell responses to repeat and non-repeat regions of the circumsporozoite protein detected in volunteers immunized with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites (1992)

The design of a malarial vaccine based on the circumsporozoite (CS) protein, a major surface antigen of the sporozoite stage of the malaria parasite, requires the identification of T and B cell epitopes for inclusion in recombinant or synthetic vaccine candidates. We have investigated the specificity and function of a series of T cell clones, derived from volunteers immunized with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites, in an effort to identify relevant epitopes in the immune response to the pre-erythrocytic stages of the parasite. CD4+ T cell clones were obtained which specifically recognized a repetitive epitope located in the 5' repeat region of the CS protein. This epitope, when conjugated to the 3' repeat region in a synthetic MAPs construct, induced high titers of antisporozoite antibodies in C57BL mice. A second T cell epitope, which mapped to aa 326-345 of the carboxy terminal, was recognized by lytic, as well as non-lytic, CD4+ T cells derived from the sporozoite-immunized volunteers. The demonstration of CD4+ CTL in the human volunteers, and the recent studies in the rodent model (Renia et al., 1991; Tsuji et al., 1990), suggest that CS-specific CD4+ T cells, in addition to their indirect role as helper cells in the induction of antibody and CD8+ effector cells, may also play a direct role in protection against sporozoite challenge by targeting EEF within the liver.
Displacement of an aromatic nitro group using phenoxides (1987)

P. G. Sammes, D. Thetford and M. Voyle, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1987, 1373 DOI: 10.1039/C39870001373
Vertical ordering in multilayers of self-assembled Ge/Si(001) quantum dots (2002)

The effect of vertical ordering in multilayers of self-assembled Ge/Si(001) quantum dots was investigated by a combination of structural and optical characterizations via in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. We show that the vertical ordering observed in quantum-dot multilayers is characterized not only by the alignment of islands along the growth direction but also by a reduction of the critical thickness. The better the vertical ordering, the more pronounced the reduction of the critical thickness is observed. Such an evolution of the critical thickness could be explained by elastic strain fields induced by buried islands and propagate through the spacer layers. An important result issued from this work is the realization of multilayers in which dots have equal size in all layers. Furthermore, experiments performed on the transformation of the island shape suggest that preferential nucleation induced by surface roughness may be the main mechanism responsible for the vertical ordering in quantum-dot multilayers.
Beyond PDMS and Membranes: New Materials for Organ-on-a-Chip Devices (2021)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTBeyond PDMS and Membranes: New Materials for Organ-on-a-Chip DevicesMilica Radisic*Milica Radisic*Email: [email protected]More by Milica Radisichttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1249-4135 and Peter Loskill*Peter Loskill*Email: [email protected]More by Peter Loskillhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5000-0581Cite this: ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng. 2021, 7, 7, 2861–2863Publication Date (Web):July 12, 2021Publication History Received21 June 2021Published online12 July 2021Published inissue 12 July 2021https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00831https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00831editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © Published 2021 by American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views4933Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (624 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Cells,Manufacturing,Materials,Organ-on-a-chip,Sensors Get e-Alerts
The Sensorium: A Multimodal Neurofeedback Environment (2010)

The Sensorium is a neurofeedback environment that allows people to experience signals from their nonperceptible body processes visually and auditorily. Various (neuro-)physiological rhythms and frequencies are projected simultaneously as soundscapes and “lightscapes” into the environment. A wireless physiological amplifier device sends signals such as EEG and ECG to a computer for real-time processing using the modified brain-computer interface software “Thought Translation Device” (TTD). The TTD performs signal filtering, parametric orchestral sonification, and light control. In a pilot study, 20 participants have been exposed to their ongoing brain and heart signals while sitting inside the Sensorium, a small room equipped with a speaker and lighting system. Almost all of them reported an increase in contentment, relaxation, happiness, and inner harmony. They also reported a widening in their body consciousness. In future, therapeutic paradigms will be developed and the treatment effects on people with psychosomatic diseases will be evaluated.
Equine locomotion: 1. The analysis of linear and temporal stride characteristics of trotting Standardbreds (1980)

The movements of the individual limbs of 30 clinically sound Standardbred trotters were studied using high-speed cinematography. At a speed of 12 metres per second (m/sec; 1:23.6 min/km) the mean stride length was 545 cm and the mean duration of the stride was 455 milliseconds (msecs). The stance phase in the forelimbs was 100 msecs and 177 msecs in the hindlimbs. This difference was due to a longer restraint period in the hindlimbs and resulted in slightly shorter swing phases for the hindlimbs. The variations in any particular horse for stride length and for the duration of stride, stance, swing and propulsion were very small (variation coefficient: approximately 2 per cent). For the restraint stage, however, the variation coefficient was around 5 per cent. The variations noted between different horses were generally 2 to 3 times greater than those recorded for the same horse. There was a close correlation between stride and swing phase duration, suggesting that the swing phase was the main contributor to the stride-time variations of different horses trotting at the same speed. The restraint and propulsion stages did not seem to play an important role in this respect for this group of animals.
Nitric Oxide Synthase inhibition counteracts the stress-induced DNA methyltransferase 3b expression in the hippocampus of rats (2020)

Abstract It has been postulated that activation of NMDA receptors (NMDAr) and nitric oxide (NO) production in the hippocampus is involved in the behavioral consequences of stress. Stress triggers NMDAr-induced calcium influx in limbic areas, such as the hippocampus, which in turn activates neuronal NO synthase (nNOS). Inhibition of nNOS or NMDAr activity can prevent stress-induced effects in animal models, but the molecular mechanisms behind this effect are still unclear. In this study, cultured hippocampal neurons treated with NMDA or dexamethasone showed increased of DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b) mRNA expression, which was blocked by pre-treatment with nNOS inhibitor n ω -propyl-L-arginine (NPA). In rats submitted to the Learned Helplessness paradigm (LH), we observed that inescapable stress increased of DNMT3b mRNA expression at 1h and 24h in the hippocampus. The NOS inhibitors 7-NI and aminoguanidine (AMG) decreased the number of escape failures in LH, and counteracted the changes in hippocampal DNMT3b mRNA induced in this behavioral paradigm. Altogether, our data suggest that NO produced in response to NMDAr activation following stress upregulates DNMT3b in the hippocampus.
Phase 2 feasibility study of dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by eribulin mesylate with or without prophylactic growth factor (GF) for adjuvant treatment of early-stage breast cancer (EBC). (2014)

TPS670^ Background: In a previous phase 3 randomized, open-label trial, eribulin mesylate demonstrated antitumor activity and significantly improved overall survival (OS) in patients (pts) with heavily pretreated locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. This trial will assess feasibility of eribulin as adjuvant therapy following dose-dense AC for pts with HER2-normal EBC. The study required prophylactic pegfilgrastim with each AC cycle; with eribulin, GF was used following a neutropenia episode (Cohort 1). Based on neutropenic events without prophylactic GF in Cohort 1 and to improve feasibility, Cohort 1 was closed and the study was amended to require prophylactic GF with eribulin (Cohort 2). Methods: Pts with confirmed HER2-normal, stage I-III invasive EBC and adequate bone marrow, liver, and renal function may enroll. Pts receive dose-dense AC (doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 IV + cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 IV) on Day 1 of a 14-day cycle x 4 cycles, followed by 4 cycles of eribulin mesylate (1.4 mg/m2 IV) on Days 1 and 8 every 21 days. A protocol amendment established 2 cohorts. Cohort 1 includes the 55 pts enrolled, who received GF at physician’s discretion following a neutropenic event during eribulin treatment (per original protocol). Cohort 2 will include 55 new pts who will receive prophylactic GF on Days 3, 4, 10, and 11 of each eribulin cycle. Feasibility is determined by the ability to complete the eribulin portion of the regimen with no dose delay/reduction due to eribulin-related AE. A feasibility target of 80% was set. Feasibility rates will be calculated separately in the 2 cohorts. Relative dose intensity of eribulin and toxicities will be summarized by cohort. Exploratory objectives include efficacy endpoints of 3-year disease-free survival and OS. Clinical trial information: NCT01328249.
The effect of reduced glutathione on the toxicity of silver diamine fluoride in rat pulpal cells (2021)

SDF severely disturbed the viability, mineralization-ability, and morphology of pulpal-like cells, while controlled concentrations of GSH had a short-term protective effect against SDF-induced damage. GSH showed an inhibitory effect on SDF-induced dentinal deposit formation. Further research is warranted to evaluate the effect of GSH on caries-arresting, anti-hypersensitivity, and antibacterial functions of SDF.
Phototriggered Production of Reactive Oxygen Species by TIO2 Nanospheres and Rods (2012)

We present the study of reactive oxygen species production under the light irradiation of two different types of TiO 2 nanocrystals. Both TiO 2 spheric NPs and anisotropic nanorods were investigated using activation of the horseradish peroxidase enzyme and subsequent substrate oxidation into a fluorescent product. The influence of the surface ligand dopamine was also explored to shed more light on the effect of catechol binders on the photoactivity of TiO 2 species.
Fabric Defect Classification based on Deep Hashing Learning (2021)

Classifying categories of fabric defects can greatly help to identify the source of causing fabric defects in the textile manufacturing process. Most existing artificial intelligence based methods focus on identifying and locating defective regions and do not analyze the categories of the defects. On the other hand, as current fabric defect detection methods depend on handcrafted features, they can only handle fabric with specific patterns or textures. In this paper, we propose a novel model which can learn high-level representation from the automatic observations of the input images that can recognize the categories of the defects for various fabric patterns and textures, instead of only locating defects on specific patterns. Experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to the state-of-the-art deep hash methods in terms of fabric defect classification.
Learning from Mistakes: Weakly Supervised Learning of Rocks (2019)

A standard method for teaching an object detector a new class is to fine-tune it with a fully-supervised image set. The issue with fully-supervised image sets are that they are tedious to create and rely on human annotators. In this work we demonstrate that a new class can be learned by leveraging the `mistakes' of a pre-trained object detector under a weakly supervised learning (WSL) paradigm and removing the need for a fully-supervised image set. Our method iteratively cycles over four stages: observation, filtering, generation, and fine-tuning. The observation stage uses an object detector to gather inferences on an image set containing many instances of the new class. These observed inferences are passed to the filtering stage that keeps only the most frequently observed class inferences. These filtered inferences are used as object-level annotations and are passed to the generation stage. In the generation stage a training set is created by superimposing the image content of the annotations onto a set of background images. The generated training set is then used in the fine-tuning stage to create an updated object detector. We trained an object detector to recognize the novel object class, rock using this method. We compared the average precision obtained by an object detector trained using our method to an object detector trained using the fully-supervised method. We were able to achieve ~78% of the average precision obtained by the fully-supervised version.
Listen with Intent: Improving Speech Recognition with Audio-to-Intent Front-End (2021)

Comprehending the overall intent of an utterance helps a listener recognize the individual words spoken. Inspired by this fact, we perform a novel study of the impact of explicitly incorporating intent representations as additional information to improve a recurrent neural network-transducer (RNN-T) based automatic speech recognition (ASR) system. An audio-to-intent (A2I) model encodes the intent of the utterance in the form of embeddings or posteriors, and these are used as auxiliary inputs for RNN-T training and inference. Experimenting with a 50k-hour far-field English speech corpus, this study shows that when running the system in non-streaming mode, where intent representation is extracted from the entire utterance and then used to bias streaming RNN-T search from the start, it provides a 5.56% relative word error rate reduction (WERR). On the other hand, a streaming system using per-frame intent posteriors as extra inputs for the RNN-T ASR system yields a 3.33% relative WERR. A further detailed analysis of the streaming system indicates that our proposed method brings especially good gain on media-playing related intents (e.g. 9.12% relative WERR on PlayMusicIntent).
Interactions between superoxide dismutase and paraoxonase polymorphic variants in nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in the Brazilian population (2018)

During development, oxidative stress is hypothesized to mediate embryotoxicity, which may be intensified by exposition to environmental factors and by genetic variations in the enzymes involved in protecting cells from these damaging effects, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and paraoxonase (PON). The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes associated with the neutralization of oxidative stress (SOD and PON family members) in the risk of nonsyndromic oral cleft in the Brazilian population. Initially, we tested for association between 28 SNP in SOD1, SOD2, SOD3, PON1, PON2, and PON3 among 325 nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL±P) case-parent trios. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to explore gene, GxG and GxE, involving factors that induce oxidative stress accumulation during pregnancy. Signals still significant after both Bonferroni correction and in permutation test were subsequently confirmed in an ancestry-structured case-control analysis with 722 NSCL±P and 866 controls from the same population. In the trio sample, transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) (allele and haplotype) and GxE analysis showed no significant associations, but multiple pairwise GxG interactions involving 10 SNP in PON1, PON2, and PON3 were detected and further examined in the case-control sample. The PON1 rs2237583 and PON2 rs17166879 yielded significant evidence of SNP-SNP interactions after adjustment for multiple tests (both Bonferroni correction and 10,000 permutation test). The C allele and the CT genotype of PON1 rs2237583 were associated with significant protective effects against NSCL±P, while rs3917490 showed a significant association only in the sample composed of patients displaying high African ancestry. Our results reveal associations between rs2237583 and rs3917490 in PON1 and GxG interactions containing rs2237583 and rs17166879 with the susceptibility of NSCL±P in the Brazilian population. Furthermore, this study underlines the recent tendency of taking into account potential GxG interactions to clarify the underlying mechanisms associated with the etiology of this common malformation. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60: 185-196, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.