gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development & Deployment of a Real-time Healthcare Predictive Analytics Platform (2023)

The deployment of predictive analytic algorithms that can safely and seamlessly integrate into existing healthcare workflows remains a significant challenge. Here, we present a scalable, cloud-based, fault-tolerant platform that is capable of extracting and processing electronic health record (EHR) data for any patient at any time following admission and transferring results back into the EHR. This platform has been successfully deployed within the UC San Diego Health system and utilizes interoperable data standards to enable portability.
Novel Node-Arc Model and Multiiteration Heuristics for Static Routing and Spectrum Assignment in Elastic Optical Networks (2013)

We consider an elastic optical network and study the static routing and spectrum assignment (RSA) problem aiming to minimize the maximum number of frequency slots required to accommodate all lightpath demands. We introduce a novel node-arc integer linear programming (ILP) model, which jointly decides optimal routes and assigned spectra for lightpaths between all source-destination pairs. To reduce the total number of variables, and therefore lower the computational complexity, our new node-arc model extends previous work by representing the spectrum assigned to each lightpath by two variables (i.e., the starting and ending boundary frequency slot indexes). To achieve scalability, we also develop an efficient spectrum-window-based greedy heuristic algorithm, and further propose three multiiteration-based algorithms that consider the effect of demand-serving sequences. Analytical and numerical results show that comparing with an existing approach, our solution to the RSA problem based on the new node-arc ILP model achieves a significant computational complexity improvement. Further numerical results demonstrate that the proposed multiiteration algorithms obtain solutions closer to optima than existing algorithms.
Innovative applications of microwave photonics (2016)

In this paper we present three applications of microwave photonics: a wideband spectrum analyzer based on spectral hole burning, an ultra-low noise optoelectronic oscillator, and a semiconductor-based mode-locked laser for high-speed sampling.
Absence of an interaction between the ACE insertion-deletion polymorphism and ACE inhibitor versus other antihypertensive treatments on cardiovascular risk in high-risk hypertensives: The Genhat study (2005)

Preliminary evidence suggested that in hypertensive patients the -adducin 460Trp allele might be associated with a twofold higher risk of coronary heart disease. In a prospective population study, we investigated whether the -adducin Gly460Trp polymorphism, alone or in combination with other risk factors, predicted outcome. From August 1985 until July 2003, we randomly recruited 2235 Belgian residents. We obtained information on vital status (until July 1, 2004) and the incidence of events via registries and repeat (median, 3) examinations. For the main analyses, we used multiple Cox regression. After adjustment for other risk factors, we found strong interaction between systolic blood pressure at baseline, analyzed as a continuous variable, and the -adducin polymorphism in relation to total (P0.01) and cardiovascular mortality (P0.008), all cardiovascular (P0.003) complications, and cardiac (P0.0009) and coronary events (P0.03). The hazard ratios for total mortality associated with the Trp allele relative to GlyGly homozygosity were 2.30 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.09 to 4.83) in patients with stage-2 systolic hypertension (160 mm Hg) and 0.88 (0.62 to 1.25) in the other participants. For all cardiovascular complications, these estimates were 2.94 (1.24 to 6.95) and 0.83 (0.58 to 1.19), respectively. For all cardiovascular events in stage-2 systolic hypertension, the positive predictive value and the attributable risk associated with the Trp allele were 76.9 percent and 44.3 percent, respectively. In combination with systolic blood pressure, the -adducin Gly460Trp polymorphism is a strong predictor of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.
Fluorescence Study of the Curcumin−Casein Micelle Complexation and Its Application as a Drug Nanocarrier to Cancer Cells (2008)

In milk caseins exists a natural nanostructure, which can be exploited as a carrier of hydrophobic drugs. Here we investigated the complex formation of curcumin with bovine casein micelles (CMs) and its use as a vehicle for drug delivery to cancer cells. DLS studies of the CM suspension that was stable in buffer solution (pH 7.4) showed an average size distribution of <200 nm. SEM and AFM studies showed that the particles were roughly spherical in shape. Steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy of the CM-curcumin complex formation revealed that curcumin molecules formed complexes with CMs (CM-curcumin complex) through hydrophobic interactions. The binding constant for the CM-curcumin interaction was calculated to be 1.48 x 10(4) M(-1), as determined by the curcumin fluorescence. Fluorescence quenching showed that curcumin molecules quench the intrinsic fluorescence of caseins upon binding. We evaluated the utility of CMs as carriers of curcumin by using in vitro cultured HeLa cells. Cytotoxicity studies of HeLa cells revealed that the IC50 of free curcumin and the CM-curcumin complex was 14.85 and 12.69 microM, respectively.
Brief for Petitioner (1964)

Brief outlining the support and circumstances of why Sam Sheppard was not allowed a fair trial for the murder of his wife, Marylin. Includes a clear Statement of the Case, Statement of Facts, Statement of Questions Involved, Legal History of the Case, and the seven legal arguments presented by Sheppard's Counsel. Presented Arguments: 1. Arraignment without counsel 2. Denial of a peremptory challenge 3. Illicit communications to the jurors 4. Seizure of petitioner's house and new evidence 5. Lie-Detector evidence 6. Illegally constituted Ohio Supreme Court 7. Inadequate review by Ohio Supreme Court
Increased sensitivity to natural killing in Raji cells is due to effector recognition of molecules appearing on target cell membranes following EBV cycle induction. (1983)

Previous studies demonstrated that NK resistant Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) carrying human lymphoblastoid cell lines become sensitive to NK cell-mediated destruction following induction of the viral cycle by superinfection with the P3HR-1 substrain of EBV or chemicals. In the present report we analysed the cellular membrane changes that were related to the development of sensitivity to NK activity in Raji cells with metabolic inhibitors. NK sensitivity does not develop in P3HR-1 superinfected Raji cells that are cultured in the presence of the RNA synthesis inhibitor actinomycin D and drops to half the amount usually detected in superinfected cells that are grown with the protein synthesis inhibitor cyclohexamide. In experiments with cyclohexamide blocks removed after 24 h, the target cell sensitivity to NK returns to normal levels. Control Raji cells cultured with the same inhibitors for up to 72 h do not develop any sensitivity to NK cell activity. These findings suggest that the development of sensitivity to NK destruction in Raji cells following superinfection is due to the addition to the cell membrane of a virally promoted molecule(s) that requires active RNA and protein synthesis.
Contribution of Kir2.1 channels to cell functions in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophage. (2019)

Intracellular Ca2+ signal controls various cell functions such as gene expression, cell death, proliferation, and migration. In immune cells, the activation of K+ channels promotes Ca2+ entry and therefore regulates cell functions. Inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channels play important roles in the formation of resting membrane potential in various types of cells. Kir2.1 channel is expressed in macrophages, however, the contribution of Kir2.1 channels to the pathophysiological functions is unclear. In this study, we examined the pathophysiological roles of Kir2.1 channels in murine bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM). The resting membrane potential in BMDM significantly depolarized by 100 μM Ba2+ (a Kir blocker). The resting [Ca2+]i and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) induced by 1 μM thapsigargin were significantly reduced by 100 μM Ba2+. Neither application of Ba2+ nor ML133 (a Kir2 selective blocker) affected differentiation of myeloid progenitor cell into BMDM, phagocytosis, and proliferation. On the other hand, migration of BMDM was significantly inhibited by these Kir2.1 inhibitors. These results suggest that the activity of Kir2.1 channels regulates resting membrane potential and [Ca2+]i, and thus promotes migration to inflammatory regions in macrophage.
The structure of 1,2‐dithioles studied by 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy (1977)

Abstract The charge separation between the dithiole ring and oxygen in 3‐(1′,2′‐dithiole‐3′‐ylidene)‐6‐methyl‐2,3‐dihydropyran‐2,4‐diones and 3‐(1′,2′‐dithiole‐3′‐ylidene)‐2,3‐dihydrobenzo[ b ] pyran‐2,4‐diones has been determined by 13 C and 19 F n.m.r. spectroscopy. By both methods it is found that these compounds are relatively polar. A correlation is established between the 13 C chemical shift of some carbon atoms and the S2p binding energies measured by e.s.c.a. in the 1,2‐dithiole derivatives. This correlation shows that these 13 C shifts depend on the positive charge taken by the 1,2‐dithiole ring and can then constitute a convenient evaluation of this charge.
Searching for similar products through patent analysis (2011)

During problem solving, TRIZ users map a specific problem to a generic problem, solve it via TRIZ tools, and map back to a specific solution, a process relying heavily on their TRIZ skills. To aid less skilled users, a methodology and algorithm are proposed that, through identification of specific word categories in patents, analysis of term-term correlation data, and data mining techniques, automatically identify similar products, and properties relating or differentiating products. This algorithm can quantifiably guide creativity efforts and aid in patent portfolio management.
Improved Power Durability of Surface Acoustic Wave Filters for an Antenna Duplexers (1995)

For portable telephone applications, we improved the power durability of ladder-type filters composed of one-port surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators. In these ladder-type filters, the chip temperature was raised and power durability was weak around both cut-off frequencies in transmission characteristics. Power durability tests of a duplexer composed of ladder-type filters showed that the receiver filter (Rx) in which the power was leaked from the transmitter one (Tx) was weaker than the Tx. We therefore studied Rx in this work. In filter design, reducing the resonator resistance to suppress the rise in chip temperature improved power durability. The lifetime of electrode material was improved to up to 10,000 times longer than that of an Al-Cu single-layer film by use of a 3-layered film of Al-Cu/Cu/Al-Cu.
The debubbling of marine source signatures (1978)

Abstract We propose two novel approaches for the removal of bubble oscillations from marine seismograms. Both methods involve filters containing matched as well as least-squares inverse components. The techniques are deterministic rather than statistical because we require explicit knowledge of the source pulse shape such as a far-field signature. The first approach leads to the design of a matched filter in cascade with a two sided Wiener-shaping operator. The second begins with the computation of the zero-delay Wiener filter that is inverse to the source signature and continues with the autocorrelation of the resulting output.This performance is illustrated with seismic field data. Our techniques are general ones, applicable in principle to any type of source; however, the examples displayed use Maxipulse and Aquapulse seismic records. Acoustic oscillations caused by successive expansions and contractions of gas bubbles initiated by the seismic source can be attenuated effectively with these filters, and the process has been called debubbling by other investigators. Our procedures improve the definition of seismic reflections (resolution), and the debubbling procedure is a first step in data processing prior to applying other deconvolution and pulse compression techniques.
A hybrid maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic applications with reduced offline measurements (2017)

In this paper, an improved hybrid maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method is presented. The proposed hybrid method is a hybrid version of fractional short circuit current (FSCC) and perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT method. The proposed improvement in this paper enables the hybrid MPPT method to detect the dynamic weather conditions more precisely than the previously developed methods. Moreover, under slowly varying weather condition the algorithm tracks the maximum power point (MPP) using the P&O MPPT. Thus, the proposed method experiences fewer offline (short circuit current) measurements and hence, better energy harnessing. The proposed MPPT method is validated using a buck-boost converter designed at a rated power of 125W and simulated using Simulink.
Magnetic Soft Continuum Robots With Braided Reinforcement (2022)

Flexible catheters are used in a wide variety of surgical interventions including neurological, pancreatic and cardiovascular. In many cases a lack of dexterity and miniaturization along with excessive stiffness results in large regions of the anatomy being deemed inaccessible. Soft continuum robots have the potential to mitigate these issues. Due to its enormous potential for miniaturization, magnetic actuation is of particular interest in this field. Currently, flexible magnetic catheters often rely on interactive forces to generate large deformations during navigation and for soft anatomical structures this could be considered potentially damaging. In this study we demonstrate the insertion of a high aspect ratio, 50 mm long by 2 mm diameter, soft magnetic catheter capable of navigating up to a 180 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> bend without the aid of forces of anatomical interaction. This magnetic catheter is reinforced with a lengthwise braided structure and its magnetization allows it to shape form along tortuous paths. We demonstrate our innovation in a planar silicone pancreas phantom. We also compare our approach with a mechanically equivalent tip driven magnetic catheter and with an identically magnetized, unreinforced catheter.
Novel frame selection methods for multi-reference motion estimation (2009)

This paper proposes two efficient frame selection methods to improve rate distortion performance and to reduce the computation complexity for frame selection. The proposed Reference Selection Pass (RSP) method can simplify early termination conditions by using the results of the previous coded blocks. The improved frame selection (IFS) method controls the number of reference frames according to the accuracy of frame selection. The simulation results show the proposed methods can eliminate the overhead of early termination conditions with only 0.05 dB average Bjontegaard Delta (BD)-PSNR degradation.
Decollectivization and the agricultural transition in Eastern and Central Europe (1991)

The agricultural transition is an essential part of stabilization and adjustment in Eastern and Central Europe because agricultural sectors are large and food is important. The supply response that many within and outside the region expected to emerge early and expeditiously is complicated by the removal of consumer subsidies and constrained export demand. In an atmosphere of acute economic uncertainty and declining farm incomes, the distribution of agricultural land is proceeding. The author traces the liberalization of food prices and the distribution of agricultural land to date. The essence of the agricultural transition is the state's withdrawal from its traditional role as residual claimant of rents forthe use of agricultural resources. This role will pass in stages to owners of land. The author concludes that an agricultural transition when demand is constrained is more difficult to manage than one in which the fruits of institutional change and productivity growth find ready outlets. Moreover, although price movements are not yet clear, it appears that removing subsidies on feed, credit, fertilizer, machinery, and energy will move the terms of trade against agriculture - particularly against the large livestock sector. The need to increase productivity will thus be even greater than in the past. Any progress on the demand side will thus give a major impetus to the institutional changes needed on the supply side.
Michael-Type Addition of Illudin S, a Toxic Substance from Lampteromyces japonicus, with Cysteine and Cysteine-Containing Peptides in Vitro. (1996)

Reactions of illudin S with cysteine derivatives (cysteine methyl ester, glutathione and a peptide, Cys-Asp-Pro-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg) were investigated. In the reaction with cysteine methyl ester, four products (P1, P2, P3, P4) were obtained and their structures were determined, on the basis of MS and NMR data, to be adducts of the mercapto group of cysteine methyl ester with the alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl group of illudin S. In the reactions with glutathione and the peptide, two addition products in each case were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and NMR analyses. The structures of these adducts also indicated that the alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl group in illudin S behaves as a Michael acceptor for the mercapto group in cysteine.
Noncontact atomic force microscopy of a mixed self-assembled monolayer of thiolates with an H- or a Cl-terminated bicyclo[2.2.2]octane moiety on Au(111) (2003)

A mixed self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of two kinds of thiolate with a hydrogen- or a chlorine-terminated bicyclo[2.2.2]octane moiety was formed on Au(111). The terminal groups (X = H and Cl) on the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane moieties were identified with noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) using a Si tip with a native oxide layer.
Empirical Study of Nonparametric Model of Interest Rate Term Structure Based on Different Kernel Functions (2009)

The term structure models of interest rate have been extensively applied to asset pricing, design of financial instruments, hedging, arbitraging and investment decision. Therefore, the estimation of parameters in the term structure model has been a key problem. In this paper, the parameters of term structure model is estimated by using two different kernel functions: Gauss kernel function and Epanechnikov kernel function with the data of the repurchasing rate in Shanghai stock market. The empirical results show that the density function of short interest rate is non-normal distribution, and both the drift and diffusion function are nonlinear, which is accord with the facts of financial market in China. Meanwhile we find that the estimation effects of Gauss kernel function are almost identical with one of Epanechnikov kernel function.
Wireless LAN Access Points as a Queuing System (2002)

This paper presents a research study of wireless LAN access points for IEEE 802.11b, where we seek to model the access point as a queuing system. The model can be used to compare performance metrics of different wireless LAN access points and to investigate the QoS of specific applications in the presence of a wireless LAN access point. In this paper, we focus on two parameters: the delay introduced by a wireless LAN access point and the average service time required to serve a packet passing through an access point. A major result is an analytic solution for the average service time of a packet in relationship to payload.
Noise enhancement caused by polarization dependent loss and the effect of dynamic gain equalizers (2002)

We have shown that in cases where polarisation dependent loss (PDL) induced SNR penalties are significant, the signal to noise ratio degradation is dominated by the coupling of orthogonal noise into the polarization of the signal. As a result only a small number of dynamic gain equalisers (DGEs) is effective in mitigating PDL related degradation in performance.
Equivariant Spherical Deconvolution: Learning Sparse Orientation\n Distribution Functions from Spherical Data (2021)

We present a rotation-equivariant unsupervised learning framework for the\nsparse deconvolution of non-negative scalar fields defined on the unit sphere.\nSpherical signals with multiple peaks naturally arise in Diffusion MRI (dMRI),\nwhere each voxel consists of one or more signal sources corresponding to\nanisotropic tissue structure such as white matter. Due to spatial and spectral\npartial voluming, clinically-feasible dMRI struggles to resolve crossing-fiber\nwhite matter configurations, leading to extensive development in spherical\ndeconvolution methodology to recover underlying fiber directions. However,\nthese methods are typically linear and struggle with small crossing-angles and\npartial volume fraction estimation. In this work, we improve on current\nmethodologies by nonlinearly estimating fiber structures via unsupervised\nspherical convolutional networks with guaranteed equivariance to spherical\nrotation. Experimentally, we first validate our proposition via extensive\nsingle and multi-shell synthetic benchmarks demonstrating competitive\nperformance against common baselines. We then show improved downstream\nperformance on fiber tractography measures on the Tractometer benchmark\ndataset. Finally, we show downstream improvements in terms of tractography and\npartial volume estimation on a multi-shell dataset of human subjects.\n
Thin silica shell coated Ag assembled nanostructures for expanding generality of SERS analytes (2017)

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) provides a unique non-destructive spectroscopic fingerprint for chemical detection. However, intrinsic differences in affinity of analyte molecules to metal surface hinder SERS as a universal quantitative detection tool for various analyte molecules simultaneously. This must be overcome while keeping close proximity of analyte molecules to the metal surface. Moreover, assembled metal nanoparticles (NPs) structures might be beneficial for sensitive and reliable detection of chemicals than single NP structures. For this purpose, here we introduce thin silica-coated and assembled Ag NPs (SiO2@Ag@SiO2 NPs) for simultaneous and quantitative detection of chemicals that have different intrinsic affinities to silver metal. These SiO2@Ag@SiO2 NPs could detect each SERS peak of aniline or 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) from the mixture with limits of detection (LOD) of 93 ppm and 54 ppb, respectively. E-field distribution based on interparticle distance was simulated using discrete dipole approximation (DDA) calculation to gain insight into enhanced scattering of these thin silica coated Ag NP assemblies. These NPs were successfully applied to detect aniline in river water and tap water. Results suggest that SiO2@Ag@SiO2 NP-based SERS detection systems can be used as a simple and universal detection tool for environment pollutants and food safety.
All-Optical Electrophysiology in hiPSC-Derived Neurons With Synthetic Voltage Sensors (2021)

Voltage imaging and "all-optical electrophysiology" in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons have opened unprecedented opportunities for high-throughput phenotyping of activity in neurons possessing unique genetic backgrounds of individual patients. While prior all-optical electrophysiology studies relied on genetically encoded voltage indicators, here, we demonstrate an alternative protocol using a synthetic voltage sensor and genetically encoded optogenetic actuator that generate robust and reproducible results. We demonstrate the functionality of this method by measuring spontaneous and evoked activity in three independent hiPSC-derived neuronal cell lines with distinct genetic backgrounds.