gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of tumor estrogen and progesterone receptor levels on the response to tamoxifen and chemotherapy in primary breast cancer. (1983)

In 1977 the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project initiated a prospectively randomized clinical trial for women with primary operable breast cancer and positive axillary nodes. In this study 1891 patients were randomized to receive L-phenylalanine mustard and 5-fluorouracil (PF) either with or without tamoxifen (T). In this interim report findings are presented concerning disease-free survival (DFS) and survival as related to age and to estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) content of the tumor. The median follow-up time is 3 yr. Patients 50 yr of age or older with either 1-3 or more than 3 positive axillary nodes had a markedly longer disease-free survival on PFT than did those receiving PF adjuvant therapy (p less than 0.001). The effectiveness of PFT was related to the levels of tumor receptors. Patients 50 yr old or more with both tumor ER and PR levels of 10 fmole or more ("high") displayed the greatest benefit in disease-free survival from PFT (p = 0.004). Analyses by age indicated that it is more appropriate to divide patients of 50 yr or older into two age groups, 50-59 and 60-70 yr old. In the former the survival results were poorer on PFT when tumor PR was low, whereas, regardless of receptor levels, those 60-70 yr old experienced an advantage on PFT. In women under 50 yr of age, there was no difference in disease-free survival (p = 0.64), but survival results favored the PF over the PFT treated (p = 0.06). Patients under 50 yr with tumor ER and PR levels under 10 fmole ("low") had a poorer survival when given PFT (p = 0.003). Those whose tumors demonstrated a high ER and a low PR also had a shorter survival on PFT (p = 0.01). The observation of no benefit in younger patients when both receptor levels were high, but a benefit in older patients with receptor-poor tumors, indicates that, at least according to the conditions of this study, the difference between the two age groups cannot be explained by the association of age with receptor content. Multivariate analyses considered the effects of the number of positive nodes, age, ER, and PR. They support the conclusion that, while nodes and ER exert strong prognostic influences in both PF- and PFT-treated patients, the PR content of tumors is a stronger predictor of the effectiveness of PFT therapy than is ER content.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Characterization of a Subgroup of Patients With Dermatitis Herpetiformis With Nonclassical Histologic Features. (2002)

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an autoimmune disease mediated by IgA antibodies. The diagnosis of DH is based on clinical presentation, biopsy for hematoxylin and eosin, and direct immunofluorescence. The chief hematoxylin and eosin finding is a subepithelial blister with neutrophils in dermal papillae. The direct immunofluorescence findings are deposition of IgA and sometimes C3 at the basement membrane with accentuation in dermal papillae. Immunofluorescence is thought to be a sensitive and specific assay in DH, and there are no other known diseases with this pattern of immunofluorescence. The aim of this project was to determine the prevalence of nonclassical histologic findings in DH. We studied 24 cases of DH received at our institution. All cases had clinical findings of DH as well as positive direct immunofluorescence with IgA. We found that 9 of 24 cases (37.5%) had nonspecific H&E findings of a lymphocytic infiltrate only with fibrosis in the dermal papillae and ectatic capillaries. The remaining 15 cases had classic findings of multilocular neutrophilic microabscesses in the dermal papillae. These findings were reproduced on step sectioning. These findings suggest that routine histology may be quite nonspecific in DH and direct immunofluorescence or other more specific immunologic assay is an essential adjunct to diagnosis.
Impact of strobilurins on physiology and yield formation of wheat. (2002)

Strobilurin fungicides have a broad spectrum activity against all major foliar pathogens of wheat. In addition to this extraordinary fungicidal activity side-effects have been reported which result in higher yields of cereals, e.g. the reduction of respiration, delayed leaf senescence, activation of nitrogen metabolism as well as increased tolerance against abiotic stress factors. In the vegetation period 2000/2001 field trials were carried out at three sites in North Rhine-Westphalia to study the effects of three strobilurin fungicides on the yield formation of six winter wheat varieties. The strobilurins were applied two times as the commercial products Stratego (trifloxystrobin + propiconazole), Amistar/Pronto Plus (azoxystrobin/spiroxamine + tebuconazole) and Juwel Top (kresoxim-methyl + epoxiconazole + fenpropimorph. Fungicide-treated plants were kept disease-free by an initial azole-application in GS 31 in order to exclude disease effects on physiological parameters relevant to yield formation. Photosynthetic electron transport of strobilurin-treated wheat, was improved as early as at GS 65 compared to azole-treated plants. Differences often increased with growth stage and were closely related to a delay in leaf senescence. A higher photosynthetic activity of strobilurin-treated plants was confirmed by gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements under field conditions. The yield benefit of wheat from strobilurin treatments varied from 2% to 9% depending on an improved photosynthetic capacity due to a higher and/or prolonged activity. Neither yield potential nor disease susceptibility of the cultivar had an effect on the height of the extra yield which, in contrast was modified by location and wheat genotype.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Cleavage of a Phosphido Bridge with H2. Synthesis, Structures, and Reactivities of the Heterobimetallic Complexes (MeCp)Mn(CO)2(μ‐tBu2P)M(COD) (M: Rh, Ir; MeCp: η5‐C5H4Me; COD: 1,5‐Cyclooctadiene). (1987)

Abstract Reaction of the Li phosphide complex, generated in situ from (I) and BuLi, with the Rh or Ir dimer (II) gives the heterobimetallic title complexes (III).
Bifunctional Platinated Nanoparticles for Photoinduced Tumor Ablation (2016)

Bifunctional self-assembled nanoparticles with a platinated fluorophore core with ultra-low radiative transition are developed, which can generate both singlet oxygen and the photothermal effect for synergistic photodynamic and photothermal therapy with tumor ablation.
Chitosan as coagulant on cyanobacteria in lake restoration management may cause rapid cell lysis (2017)

Combining coagulant and ballast to remove cyanobacteria from the water column is a promising restoration technique to mitigate cyanobacterial nuisance in surface waters. The organic, biodegradable polymer chitosan has been promoted as a coagulant and is viewed as non-toxic. In this study, we show that chitosan may rapidly compromise membrane integrity and kill certain cyanobacteria leading to release of cell contents in the water. A strain of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and one strain of Planktothrix agardhii were most sensitive. A 1.3 h exposure to a low dose of 0.5 mg l<sup>-1</sup> chitosan already almost completely killed these cultures resulting in release of cell contents. After 24 h, reductions in PSII efficiencies of all cyanobacteria tested were observed. EC50 values varied from around 0.5 mg l<sup>-1</sup> chitosan for the two sensitive strains, via about 5 mg l<sup>-1</sup> chitosan for an Aphanizomenon flos-aquae strain, a toxic P. agardhii strain and two Anabaena cylindrica cultures, to more than 8 mg l<sup>-1</sup> chitosan for a Microcystis aeruginosa strain and another A. flos-aquae strain. Differences in sensitivity to chitosan might be related to polymeric substances that surround cyanobacteria. Rapid lysis of toxic strains is likely and when chitosan flocking and sinking of cyanobacteria is considered in lake restoration, flocculation efficacy studies should be complemented with investigation on the effects of chitosan on the cyanobacteria assemblage being targeted.
ChemInform Abstract: A RAPID AND CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF THE SEX PHEROMONE OF THE DOUGLAS FIR LEPIDOPTERA ORGYIA PSEUDOTSUGATA (1978)

Abstract Das Titelpheromon (VII) wird in vier Stufen ‐ ausgehend von dem Tetrahydropyranol (I) und dem Phosphoniumbromid (II) ‐ synthetisiert.
Globally Optimal Boresight Alignment of UAV-LiDAR Systems (2022)

In airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems, misalignments between the LiDAR-scanner and the inertial navigation system (INS) mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)'s frame can lead to inaccurate 3D point clouds. Determining the orientation offset, or boresight error is key to many LiDAR-based applications. In this work, we introduce a mixed-integer quadratically constrained quadratic program (MIQCQP) that can globally solve this misalignment problem. We also propose a nested spatial branch and bound (nsBB) algorithm that improves computational performance. The nsBB relies on novel preprocessing steps that progressively reduce the problem size. In addition, an adaptive grid search (aGS) allowing us to obtain quick heuristic solutions is presented. Our algorithms are open-source, multi-threaded and multi-machine compatible.
Novel poly(l‐lactide‐co‐caprolactone)/gelatin porous scaffolds for use in articular cartilage tissue engineering: Comparison of electrospinning and wet spinning processing methods (2016)

Some novel polymeric fibrous nonwoven meshes have been processed from solution blends of poly( l ‐lactide‐ co ‐caprolactone), P(LL‐CL), and gelatin for use as biodegradable porous scaffolds in articular cartilage tissue engineering. P(LL‐CL) copolymers with LL:CL compositions ranging from 50:50 to 80:20 mol% were synthesized via the bulk ring‐opening copolymerization of L‐lactide (LL) and ε‐caprolactone (CL) using tin(II) octoate, Sn(Oct) 2 , as the initiator. To make the hydrophobic P(LL‐CL) more hydrophilic for cell culture, it was solution blended with gelatin using trifluoroethanol as a common solvent to give P(LL‐CL):gelatin contents in the final scaffolds ranging from 70:30 to 95:5 wt%. Two different processing methods were used: electrospinning and wet spinning. Although electrospinning gave a more uniform mesh of nanosized fibers, the nonwoven mesh from wet spinning with its much larger pores and greater pliability was found to be more suitable for water absorption, cell infiltration and shape‐forming. Scanning electron micrographs of the scaffolds from the two techniques are compared. From the results obtained, the wet‐spun P(LL‐CL)50:50/gelatin 95:5 scaffold gave the best combination of properties. In particular, the 5% gelatin content resulted in a fivefold increase in the scaffold's equilibrium water uptake from about 10% to over 50% by weight. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 57:875–882, 2017. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers
Cu Bump Interconnections in 20.MU.m-Pitch at Low Temperature Utilizing Electroless Tin-Plating on 3D Stacked LSI. (2003)

The electroless tin-plating on copper has the preferable characteristics for the thermal compression bonding, although it is easy to decrease in thickness by heating at the bonding because of the diffusion with copper.Therefore, the bonding profile was determined to have lower pre-heating to evaluate the bondability with copper-bumps dressed thin tin-caps in 20 μm-pitch. Then, the possibility of the interconnections in 20 μm-pitch was confirmed. Bonding temperature was 150°C and bonding force was 24.5 N.Finally, the tin-cap on a through-hole electrode (T-COTE) was performed in the electroless plating and the basic bonding condition was evaluated on the vertical interconnections.The results showed the sufficient joint between the copper electrodes through the Si die and the adjacent copper bumps on the interposer.
Localised inhibition of FGF signalling in the third pharyngeal pouch is required for normal thymus and parathyroid organogenesis (2012)

The thymus and parathyroid glands are derived from the third pharyngeal pouch endoderm. The mechanisms that establish distinct molecular domains in the third pouch and control the subsequent separation of these organ primordia from the pharynx are poorly understood. Here, we report that mouse embryos that lack two FGF feedback antagonists, Spry1 and Spry2, display parathyroid and thymus hypoplasia and a failure of these organ primordia to completely separate from the pharynx. We show that FGF ligands and downstream reporter genes are expressed in highly regionalised patterns in the third pouch and that sprouty gene deletion results in upregulated FGF signalling throughout the pouch endoderm. As a consequence, the initiation of markers of parathyroid and thymus fate is altered. In addition, a normal apoptotic programme that is associated with the separation of the primordia from the pharynx is disrupted, resulting in the maintenance of a thymus-pharynx attachment and a subsequent inability of the thymus to migrate to its appropriate position above the heart. We demonstrate that the sprouty genes function in the pharyngeal endoderm itself to control these processes and that the defects in sprouty-deficient mutants are, at least in part, due to hyper-responsiveness to Fgf8. Finally, we provide evidence to suggest that parathyroid hypoplasia in these mutants is due to early gene expression defects in the third pouch, whereas thymus hypoplasia is caused by reduced proliferation of thymic epithelial cells in the thymus primordium.
A gene for cleidocranial dysplasia maps to the short arm of chromosome 6. (1995)

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an autosomal dominant generalized bone dysplasia characterized by mild-to-moderate short stature, clavicular aplasia or hypoplasia, supernumerary and ectopic teeth, delayed eruption of secondary teeth, a characteristic craniofacial appearance, and a variety of other skeletal anomalies. We have performed linkage studies in five families with CCD, with 24 affected and 20 unaffected individuals, using microsatellite markers spanning two candidate regions on chromosomes 8q and 6. The strongest support for linkage was with chromosome 6p microsatellite marker D6S282 with a two-point lod score of 4.84 (theta = .03). Furthermore, the multipoint lod score was 5.70 in the interval between D6S282 and D6S291. These data show that the gene for autosomal dominant CCD is located within a 19-cM interval on the short arm of chromosome 6, between D6S282 and D6S291.
Too many medication errors, not enough pharmacists (2000)

Journal Article Too many medication errors, not enough pharmacists Get access Jill A. Sellers Jill A. Sellers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Volume 57, Issue 4, 15 February 2000, Page 337, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/57.4.337 Published: 15 February 2000
Abstract LB-C11: Targeting metastatic prostate cancer with a multi-functional therapy approach (2019)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) cells move throughout the body, hone to and destroy the bone microenvironment, grow and thereby cause death. Our historical inability to target cell movement has precluded our realization of multifunctional therapy wherein each of these processes is targeted. Our group has recently shown that inhibition of intracellular activation of Raf1 with the small molecule therapeutic, KBU2046, permits for the first time selective inhibition of cell motility. Here we demonstrate that simultaneous disruption of multiple distinct functions that drive progression of PCa to induce death results in advanced disease control. Using an orthotopic murine model of human PCa metastasis, KBU2046 combined with docetaxel achieves sustained anti-tumor action and improved inhibition of metastasis, compared to monotherapy. KBU2046 does not interfere with androgen deprivation or androgen receptor antagonist mediated hormone therapy in either in vitro or in vivo models. Cell movement is necessary for osteoclast-mediated bone degradation. KBU2046 inhibits Raf1 and its downstream activation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 in osteoclasts, inhibiting cytoskeleton rearrangement, resorptive cavity formation and bone destruction in vitro, with improved effects observed when the bone microenvironment is chemically modified by pretreatment with zoledronic acid. Using a murine cardiac injection model of human PCa bone destruction quantified by computed tomography, KBU2046 plus zoledronic acid exhibited improved inhibitory efficacy, compared to monotherapy. The combined disruption of pathways that drive cell movement, honing to the bone and growth constitutes a multi-functional targeting strategy that provides advanced disease control. Citation Format: Ryan Gordon, Limin Zhang, Abhinandan Pattanayak, Wenqi Li, Raymond Bergan. Targeting metastatic prostate cancer with a multi-functional therapy approach [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2019 Oct 26-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2019;18(12 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-C11. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-19-LB-C11
[Effect of thymus preparations and anti-tuberculosis agents on immunologic reactivity and the course of the tuberculosis process in experimental animals]. (1991)

The effects of thymogen, thymalin and vilosen in combination with antituberculous drugs (isoniazid, streptomycin, rifampicin) were studied on 240 CBA mice with experimental tuberculosis. Thymus preparations supplemented to the complex treatment of experimental tuberculosis significantly increased their lifespan, contributed to a decrease in the index of spleen weight lung density and significantly increased the count of T lymphocytes and their proliferative activity as compared to those on antituberculous drugs alone. Thymogen was found to be the most effective in the complex treatment of experimental tuberculosis, whereas vilosen was the least. Thymogen plus vilosen proved to be the most beneficial combination of drugs.
Ultrasound Enhances Gene Expression of Liposomal Transfection (1997)

Relatively low levels of ultrasound energy can be used to enhance gene expression from liposomal transfection. Additional experiments are needed to optimize this process and clarify the mechanisms involved.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nontoxic Hollow Iron Oxide (α-Fe2O3) Nanoparticles Using a Simple Hydrothermal Strategy (2016)

Hollow spheres of iron oxide ( α -Fe 2 O 3 ) were successfully synthesized in a simple one-pot synthesis by using hydrothermal method. Iron salt was dissolved together with glucose in water and then the mixture was heated to 180°C in an autoclave at 12 and 24 hours of synthesis time separately. Carbon spheres were formed with the metal ions into their hydrophilic shell after the hydrothermal approach. Hollow α -Fe 2 O 3 spheres of around 200 to 300 nm size were formed after the calcination that lead to the removal of carbon. Size of nanoparticles, surface area, and thickness of the α -Fe 2 O 3 shell can be precisely controlled by controlling the ratio of iron and glucose. Increasing the reaction time will decrease the shell thickness. Phase confirmation and crystalline structure of these nanoparticles were done by XRD. Surface morphology was characterized by SEM and TEM analysis showed the hollow spheres inside and a shell of α -Fe 2 O 3 . Further confirmation was done by EDX and FTIR analysis. Iron content was measured by ICP-OES. Cytotoxicity was done by using CCK-8 assay kit in the Hep G-2 cell line showing the nontoxic behavior of α -Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles. The as-prepared nanoparticles can be exploited in a number of applications in areas ranging from medicine to pharmaceutics to material science.
Extension of the generic amyloid hypothesis to nonproteinaceous metabolite assemblies (2015)

The accumulation of amyloid fibrils is the hallmark of several major human diseases. Although the formation of these supramolecular entities has previously been associated with proteins and peptides, it was later demonstrated that even phenylalanine, a single amino acid, can form fibrils that have amyloid-like biophysical, biochemical, and cytotoxic properties. Moreover, the generation of antibodies against these assemblies in phenylketonuria patients and the correlating mice model suggested a pathological role for the assemblies. We determine that several other metabolites that accumulate in metabolic disorders form ordered amyloid-like ultrastructures, which induce apoptotic cell death, as observed for amyloid structures. The formation of amyloid-like assemblies by metabolites implies a general phenomenon of amyloid formation, not limited to proteins and peptides, and offers a new paradigm for metabolic diseases.
Creating stable gain in active metamaterials (2007)

The question of losses in metamaterials that are based upon magnetic resonances deriving from split-ring arrays is addressed through the use of active inclusions designed from diode arrays. A full discussion of the way in which the current-voltage characteristics of the inclusions are deployed to produce gain is given, and the question of the overall stability of the new material is investigated in a quantitative way that is linked to absolute and convective instability. It is shown that instability associated with the inclusion of negative resistance devices can be avoided through a scheme that is approximately scalable from gigahertz to at least the low terahertz regimes. Furthermore, absolute instabilities that potentially complicate any active gain media can be controlled through a suitable choice of the system parameters. The latter step reduces the working frequency window over which spatial gain is available, leading to the need for compromise. Full numerical details are given with the conclusion that construction of such arrays of diode inclusions is possible and that a practical gain window is accessible.
Researcher identities and practices inside centres of excellence (2018)

Many science support mechanisms aim to combine excellent research with explicit expectations of societal impact. Temporary research centres such as ‘Centres of Excellence’ and ‘Centre of Excellence in Research and Innovation’ have become widespread. These centres are expected to produce research that creates future economic benefits and contributes to solving society’s challenges, but little is known about the researchers that inhabit such centres. In this paper, we ask how and to what extent centres affect individual researchers’ identity and scientific practice. Based on interviews with 33 researchers affiliated with 8 centres in Sweden and Norway, and on institutional logics as the analytical framework, we find 4 broad types of identities with corresponding practices. The extent to which individuals experience tensions depend upon the compatibility and centrality of the two institutional logics of excellence and innovation within the centre context. Engagement in innovation seems unproblematic and common in research-oriented centres where the centrality of the innovation logic is low, while individuals in centres devoted to both science and innovation in emerging fields of research or with weak social ties to their partners more frequently expressed tension and dissatisfaction.
Enzymatic activities ofCandida tropicalisisolated from hospitalized patients (2010)

Secretion of hydrolytic enzymes is considered a virulence factor in Candida spp. Extracellular enzymatic activities in 29 clinical isolates of Candida tropicalis were analyzed by plate assays. C. tropicalis, similar to Candida albicans, showed elevated hemolytic and esterase activities. However, unlike C. albicans, low aspartyl protease and very low phospholipase activities were detected in C. tropicalis isolates.