gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analgesic and antipyretic properties ofEuphorbia royleanalatex (1997)

The ethyl acetate fraction (EA) from the residue of an 85% ethanol extract of the latex of Euphorbia royleana (Euphorbiaceae) was investigated for antipyretic and analgesic properties. The results showed a dose related peripheral analgesic effect. The fraction assayed exhibited a significant antipyretic effect in hyperthermic rats and rabbits. The oral LD50 was more than 2 g/kg in rats and mice. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of Betaine Systems Derived from 2‐Hydrazino‐3, 4,6‐trichloro‐5‐cyanopyridine and Diazomethane. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
PUF-based Authentication Scheme for Edge Data Centers in Collaborative Edge Computing (2022)

Fog computing gained importance when the re-quired infrastructure became more decentralized. The difference between Fog and Edge computing is that the former has nodes between the cloud and edge devices. In a way both fog and edge computing bring data processing closer to end-user devices. Edge Data Centers (EDCs) are employed to bring the processing power closer to the end-user to address latency in real-time applications, bandwidth, battery life constraints, as well as data privacy and safety. Edge Data centers are employed in collaborative edge computing environments across network edges, and they deliver uninterrupted processing through load balancing, where an overloaded Edge Data Center can off-load its task to the next available EDC. Authenticating EDCs is one of the challenges in collaborative edge computing environment where load balancing is applied. Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are lightweight innovative primitives that are used for authentication and secure key storage. This work proposes a novel authentication scheme for EDCs using virtual Physical Unclonable Functions as a secure oPtion.
Scalable content-aware request distribution in cluster-based networks servers (2000)

We present a scalable architecture for content-aware request distribution in web server clusters. In this architecture, a level-4 switch acts as the point of contact for the server on the Inernet and distributes the incoming requests to a number of back-end nodes. The switch does not perform any contect-based distribution. This function is performed by each of the back-end nodes, which may forward the incoming request to another back-end based on the requested contect.

In terms of scalability, this architecture compares favorably to existing approaches where a front-end node performs contect-based distribution. In our architecture, the expensive operations of TCP connection estabilishment and handoff are distributes among the back-ends, rather than being centralized in the front-end node. Only a minimal additional latency penatly is paid for much improved scalability.

We have implemented this new architecture, and we demonstrate its superior scalability by comparing it to a system that performs contect-aware distribution in the front-end, both under synthetic and trace-drive workloads.
Regsim: a software tool for real time control and simulation (2002)

This paper presents a software tool, Regsim, that bridges the gap between simulation and real world experiments of control systems. The ideas behind Regsim are that it should be interactive, easy to use and that it should behave uniformly irrespective of the use, whether it is simulation or real-time control.
Erratum: Synthesis and characterization of quasi-aligned ZnCdO nanorods” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 143101 (2005)] (2009)

First Page
ChemInform Abstract: CARBON‐CARBON BOND FORMATION BY USE OF CHLOROIODOMETHANE AS A C1 UNIT. I. FORMATION OF CHLOROMETHYLTRIPHENYLPHOSPHONIUM IODIDE AND ITS APPLICATION FOR THE WITTIG CHLOROMETHYLENATION OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES (1979)

Abstract Aus dem Phoshoniumiodid (III) ‐ zugänglich aus (I) und (II) ‐ wird mit KO‐tBu in tBu‐OH das Phosphoran (IV) erzeugt, das in situ mit den Ketonen (V) bzw. den Aldehyden (VIII) unter Chlormethylenierung (Wittig‐Reaktion) zu E/Z‐Gemischen der Chlorolefine (VI) bzw. (IX) reagiert; als Nebenprodukte entstehen die Olefine (VII) bzw. die Acetylene (X); aus den Aldehyden (VIIIa)‐(VIIIc), (VIIIe) und (VIIIf) bilden sich zusätzlich die entsprechenden Styrole R3‐CH=CH,.
Perspectives on Global Water Security (2020)

Highlights ASABE and ISAE convened the Global Water Security Conference for Agriculture and Natural Resources in Hyderabad, India, in 2018. Recommendations represent collective contribution of attendees and presenters in seven key priorities. Continuation of a narrow focus on technical aspects will likely prevent the success of technical solutions. Scientists and engineers should work together across all disciplines and boundaries to ensure global water security. Keywords: Climate change, Crop water productivity, Food security, Irrigation efficiency, Natural resource policy, Wastewater reuse, Water resource infrastructure, Water scarcity.
Unlocking Bloch-type chirality in ultrathin magnets through uniaxial strain (2015)

Chiral magnetic domain walls are of great interest because lifting the energetic degeneracy of left- and right-handed spin textures in magnetic domain walls enables fast current-driven domain wall propagation. Although two types of magnetic domain walls are known to exist in magnetic thin films, Bloch- and Néel-walls, up to now the stabilization of homochirality was restricted to Néel-type domain walls. Since the driving mechanism of thin-film magnetic chirality, the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, is thought to vanish in Bloch-type walls, homochiral Bloch walls have remained elusive. Here we use real-space imaging of the spin texture in iron/nickel bilayers on tungsten to show that chiral domain walls of mixed Bloch-type and Néel-type can indeed be stabilized by adding uniaxial strain in the presence of interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Our findings introduce Bloch-type chirality as a new spin texture, which may open up new opportunities to design spin-orbitronics devices.
Torsade de Pointes Due to Noncardiac Drugs (2003)

Numerous medications, including drugs prescribed for noncardiac indications, can lead to QT prolongation and trigger torsade de pointes. Although this complication occurs only rarely, it may have lethal consequences. It is therefore important to know if patients with torsade de pointes associated with noncardiac drugs have risk factors that are easy to identify. We reviewed reports of drug-induced torsade de pointes and analyzed each case of torsade de pointes associated with a noncardiac drug for the presence of risk factors for the long QT syndrome that can be easily identified from the medical history or clinical evaluation (female gender, heart disease, electrolyte disturbances, excessive dosing, drug interactions, and history of familial long QT syndrome). We identified 249 patients with torsade de pointes caused by noncardiac drugs. The most commonly identified risk factor was female gender (71%). Other risk factors were frequently present (18%-41%). Virtually all patients had at least 1 of these risk factors, and 71% of patients had 2 or more risk factors. Our study suggests that almost all patients with torsade de pointes secondary to noncardiac drugs have risk factors that can be easily identified from the medical history before the initiation of therapy with the culprit drug.
Improvements in MBD lab outcomes associated with improved pharmaceutical care in hemodialysis patients. (2017)

End stage renal disease (ESRD) patients require a large number of medications and are known to have high rates of nonadherence. It is estimated that >50% of ESRD patients do not take their phosphate binders as prescribed. The renal pharmacy FreseniusRx provides coordinated ESRD medication delivery and adherence support for enrolled patients. We investigated whether coordinated pharmacy care of mineral and bone disorder (MBD) therapies is associated with improvements in laboratory. outcomes. We used data from hemodialysis patients treated at Fresenius Medical Care North America (FMCNA) clinics from February 2014 to January 2015. We included patients who were residing in a state with >100 patients in the FMCNA network, not in a nursing home, and prescribed a phosphate binder and/or calcimimetic. We found 15,287 pharmacy patients who met the study criteria. Concurrent control patients not in the pharmacy were matched to pharmacy patients on a monthly basis that was based off the first date of receipt of therapy from FreseniusRx using 1:1 nearest neighbor matching on the logit of the propensity score for an array of clinical and non-clinical parameters. Logistic regression was used to measure the association between pharmacy care and patients achieving their laboratory goals for phosphorus (PO4) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and combined goals for total calcium (Ca), PO4, and iPTH. We analyzed data from 30,574 patients (15,287 pharmacy and control). In unadjusted and adjusted analyses, we consistently observed that pharmacy patients were more likely to achieve their MBD laboratory goals as compared to controls. In an adjusted analysis, we found pharmacy patients were more likely to achieve their MBD laboratory targets at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months for PO4 (11.1%, 10.5%, 11.8% and 12.7% respectively), iPTH (8.9%, 17.5%, 23.4% and 27.9% respectively) and combined goals for Ca, PO4, and. iPTH (12.1%, 13.4%, 16.7% and 21.2% respectivelv) versus controls (n<0.01 for all comparisons). These findings indicate that coordinated pharmaceutical care may be associated with improvements in patients achieving their MBD laboratory goals.
Emerging pollutants in the EU: 10 years of NORMAN in support of environmental policies and regulations (2018)

In 2005, the European Commission funded the NORMAN project to promote a permanent network of reference laboratories and research centers, including academia, industry, standardization bodies, and NGOs. Since then, NORMAN has (i) facilitated a more rapid and wide-scope exchange of data on the occurrence and effects of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), (ii) improved data quality and comparability via validation and harmonization of common sampling and measurement methods (chemical and biological), (iii) provided more transparent information and monitoring data on CECs, and (iv) established an independent and competent forum for the technical/scientific debate on issues related to emerging substances. NORMAN plays a significant role as an independent organization at the interface between science and policy, with the advantage of speaking to the European Commission and other public institutions with the "bigger voice" of more than 70 members from 20 countries. This article provides a summary of the first 10 years of the NORMAN network. It takes stock of the work done so far and outlines NORMAN's vision for a Europe-wide collaboration on CECs and sustainable links from research to policy-making. It contains an overview of the state of play in prioritizing and monitoring emerging substances with reference to several innovative technologies and monitoring approaches. It provides the point of view of the NORMAN network on a burning issue-the regulation of CECs-and presents the positions of various stakeholders in the field (DG ENV, EEA, ECHA, and national agencies) who participated in the NORMAN workshop in October 2016. The main messages and conclusions from the round table discussions are briefly presented.
Characterization of macrophage colony-stimulating factor in body fluids by immunoblot analysis (1991)

We characterized the molecular species of human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hM-CSF) found in serum and urine, using immunoblot analysis after partial purification on an antibody-bound affinity column. Although antibodies were prepared using the recombinant product of the large form of hM-CSF with a molecular weight (MW) of 85 Kd as the antigen, this immunoblot system was also capable of detecting the small form of hM-CSF with a MW of 40 to 60 Kd. A single band with a MW of 43 Kd, which reacted with anti-recombinant hM-CSF IgG but not with control IgG, was found when serum and urine from normal adults underwent electrophoresis on reduced sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel and subsequent immunoblotting. This band represented a subunit of the large form of hM-CSF, because the large form of hM-CSF is a homodimer of a subunit with a MW of 43 Kd and the small form of hM-CSF is a homodimer of a subunit with a MW of 20 to 30 Kd. Analysis of serum and urine from leukemic patients and pregnant women, who had higher serum levels of hM-CSF than normal adults, showed only a single band with a MW of 43 Kd as a hM-CSF-specific molecule. These results suggest that the large form of hM-CSF is the major species in human body fluids.
Flexible Network Integrated Supervisory Control for Power Systems based on Distributed Objects (2000)

This paper introduces flexibility of SCOPE (System Configuration Of PowEr control system) which is a new architecture to realize flexible and reliable supervisory control for power systems. Energy Management Systems/Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (EMS/SCADA) systems are usually geographically distributed and have hierarchical operational organizations. They are continuously changing in accordance with various requirements and varying environments. Therefore, they should be flexible enough to adapt to those changes quickly SCOPE classifies programs in conventional electric power systems into three hierarchical layers, i.e Application dependent part, Power system dependent part and Computer system dependent part. The power system dependent part realizes flexibility for changing of power system equipment and operational organization; by introducing an enhanced abstract function of object oriented technology. Therefore, SCOPE architecture enables EMS/SCADA systems to be flexible, and also enables to develop efficiently and economically. Through developing and evaluating a SCOPE prototype system, it has been confirmed that the flexibility of EMS/SCADA systems had been improved.
Grain Refining during Heavy Deformation in Fe-C Alloys with (α+θ) Two-Phase Structure (1999)

Mechanical milling using high energy ball mill was applied to Fe-(0-3. 8)mass%C alloy powders with (ferrite+cementite) two-phase structures to give an ultimate large strain to the powders. Relation between strength and microstructure was investigated in the mechanically milled Fe-C alloys, by means of X -ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and hardness testing. After milling for 360ks, the microstructure consists of nanocrystalline ferrite and grain boundary amorphous layer in the alloys with less than 2mass%C, while it is composed of nanocrystalline ferrite, nanocrystalline cementite and grain boundary amorphous layer in the alloys with more than 2mass%C. Below 1mass%C ferrite grains become smaller with increasing carbon content, and the grain size remains constant to be 10nm above 1 mass%C. Hardness of the Fe-C alloy powders increases with grain refining, but it is independent of the volume fraction of undissolved cementite. TEM observation indicates that these alloy powders have equiaxed grains. which is characterized by the substructure having few dislocations within the grains. These findings suggest the outset of deformation in grai n bound ry amorphous lay er, i.e grai n boundary sliding, in the nano-sized grain materials.
Capacity analysis and bit allocation design for variable-resolution ADCs\n in Massive MIMO (2018)

We derive an expression for the capacity of massive multiple-input\nmultiple-output Millimeter wave (mmWave) channel where the receiver is equipped\nwith a variable-resolution Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) and a hybrid\ncombiner. The capacity is shown to be a function of Cramer-Rao Lower Bound\n(CRLB) for a given bit-allocation matrix and hybrid combiner. The condition for\noptimal ADC bit-allocation under a receiver power constraint is derived. This\nis derived based on the maximization of capacity with respect to bit-allocation\nmatrix for a given channel, hybrid precoder, and hybrid combiner. It is shown\nthat this condition coincides with that obtained using the CRLB minimization\nproposed by Ahmed et al. Monte-carlo simulations show that the capacity\ncalculated using the proposed condition matches very closely with the capacity\nobtained using the Exhaustive Search bit allocation.\n
Fast 3-D scanning systems using a limited tilting angle (1977)

A cone-beam scanning geometry is proposed with a linear array of x-ray sources and a flat 2-D detector array. A simple method is given for the reconstruction of the 3-D object.
Long-term outcome of severe chronic plaque psoriasis following treatment with high-dose topical calcipotriol (1998)

We have previously reported the effectiveness of high-dose calcipotriol in extensive psoriasis. We now report the long-term outcome in patients following this treatment. Twenty-eight patients with severe psoriasis were treated as in-patients with high-dose topical calcipotriol for 2 weeks. There was a mean reduction in the psoriasis area and severity index of 65%. Sixty-nine per cent were controlled for 3 months and 42% for 6 months. The relapse rate was comparable with that following Ingram's regimen, the in-patient stay was shorter and the treatment more acceptable. Careful monitoring of calcium homeostasis is mandatory.
Ancrage des lignes de vortex dans les supraconducteurs (1971)

Après avoir rappelé comment on peut déduire la force globale d'ancrage du réseau de vortex des mesures de courant critique ou d'aimantation, on expose rapidement les différents modèles et théories proposés depuis une dizaine d'années, pour calculer cette force globale à partir des forces élémentaires d'interaction entre lignes de vortex et inhomogénéités structurales. On expose enfin les différents mécanismes proposés jusqu'ici pour ces interactions.
Use of extracorporeal life support in patients with congenital heart disease (1992)

Extracorporeal life support can be useful in supporting patients with congenital heart disease with life-threatening cardiac or pulmonary failure. Improvements in limiting neurologic and bleeding complications may lead to improvements in the use of extracorporeal life support for this indication. However, prospective, randomized studies are needed to appreciate the role of extracorporeal life support in these patients.
Applications of MRI in Fluidics: Single Echo Acquisition MRI Toward Microfluidics (2006)

Microscale devices capable of manipulating fluids have potential to give rise to a paradigm shift in the fields of biology and medicine. The purpose of this research is to assess the feasibility of applying single echo acquisition (SEA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to microscale fluid flow quantification. This is important because development and improvement of microfluidic devices requires the ability to accurately and non-invasively measure microscale flow. Lab-on-a-chip aims to integrate an array of chemical laboratory tools onto a single chip, utilizing microfluidic flow for mass transport. Use of microfluidics results in improved speed and efficiency and allows operations that harness physical properties unique to the microscale. Current microscale flow visualization methods rely on fluorescence, requiring optically non-opaque fluids and device boundaries. Furthermore, these methods require insertion of labeled chemicals or seed particles into the flow, which may interfere with processes under observation. MRI has an established history of non-invasively quantifying flow through opaque boundaries but is limited by its slow image acquisition rate. SEA employs a 64-channel array coil to acquire a full image with each echo, significantly improving temporal resolution. Methods involve assessing the performance of SEA flow velocimetry on a scale of several millimeters by utilizing time-of-flight techniques. By taking a series of 5 ms snapshots, quantitative velocity information is obtained for laminar, transitional, and turbulent flow with Reynolds numbers ranging from 100 to 1200. Findings show that the turbulent eddies are visible and velocity information can be extracted from images, which means that SEA can accurately asses flow at the millimeter scale. In addition, SEA allows visualization of turbulent flow not accessible to standard MRI velocimetry techniques. It is concluded that SEA could be adapted as new tool for non-invasive quantification of optically inaccessible flow. Implications of this are that through integrated radio frequency microcoils, SEA MRI could be adapted as a new tool to study microfluidic flow resulting in improved microfluidic devices.
Reduction of Nitric Oxides by Hydrocarbon (1988)

The reaction of nitric oxides with methane, ethane, propane and n-butane was investigated in the heating temperature range 900-1100°C using a tubular flow reactor.In one-stage reaction, the conversion of NOx was accelerated at air ratio below 1.0 and the per-cent of conversion of NOx to HCN increased with the decrease of air ratio. The intermediate products were oxidized by adding secondary oxygen and by reheating. They were oxidized completely at reheating temperature above 1100°C and at residual oxygen concentration above 0.5‰. It was sug-gested that both NO regeneration and N2 production were taking place on oxidation of HCN. The ratio of NO regeneration increased at higher oxygen and lower NOx concentration, and the percent of NOx reduction in two-stage reaction decreased. Propane and n-butane showed higher percent of NOx conversion and reduction than methane and ethane at high primary air ratio. The percent of NOx con-version increased with the increase of concentration of hydrocarbon. The maximum percent of NOx reduction was obtained at concentrations of propane 0.33-0.67‰ or n-butane 0.25-0.5‰. The ef-fect of first-stage temperature, gas flow rate, CO2, SO2 and H2O was also investigated.
Corrections to Graham’s Law of Effusion for Predicting Leak Rates Through Hermetic Seals (2017)

Graham's law of effusion has been used for decades to facilitate the prediction of the flow rates of gases penetrating into hermetically sealed devices. Typically, a trace gas such as He is used as a measure of gas flow into or out of a device. He flow is then related via Graham's law to the flow of an unwanted gas, and this in turn is used to predict the service lifetime of the device based on the maximum allowable leak rate. As hermetically sealed devices become smaller and lower leak rates are required, there is evidence to suggest that Graham's law is inaccurate. We evaluate Graham's law by measuring the flow rates of noble gases (He, Kr, and Xe) and diatomic gases (D <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) through realistic leaks. Our findings indicate that Graham's law is not always accurate, and the incorporation of a relative tangential momentum accommodation coefficient into Graham's law leads to improved correlation between different gases and thus improved predictions of service lifetime.