gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Power Long Life Superluminescent Diode (1987)

High power superluminescent diodes(SLD)havebeen fabricated from both gain guided and index guided AlGaAs/GaAs lasers. The spectral width (FWHM) of 15nm for the gain guided SLD and 8 nm for the index guided SLD are typical measured values. Output power of over 30mW/ facet is achieved for the SLD at wavelength of .83um. Over 3 mW has been obtained from the core of pigtailed single mode polarization preserving fiber. SLDsoperating at 1.3 um wave-length region has also been fabricated from index guided GaInAsP/InP lasers. Output power of 15 mW have been obtained. Coupling into single mode polarization preserving fiber with output power from fiber core over 2 mW has been achieved. Life testing of both SLDson heat sinks and single mode fiber pigtailed SLD5havebeen performed at different temperatures. Room temperature extrapolated life time of over 100,000 hours is expected.
Ridge Augmentation Using Recombinant Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2 Techniques: An Experimental Study in the Canine (2010)

The combination of rhBMP-2 and a block allograft provides the greatest ridge width of the four treatment options used in this canine ridge augmentation model.
Hepatitis G virus infection in intravenous drug users with or without human immunodeficiency virus infection. (2001)

The prevalence of HGV infection in intravenous drug users proved to be high especially in the HIV+ve group. Moreover HGV was associated with HCV in all our cases. The actual clinical impact of HGV infection remains unclear since HGV does not seems to influence the biochemical, virological or histological alterations caused by HCV infection.
Untersuchungen an 1,3‐Dicarbonylverbindungen, 9. Mitt.: Enolacetate von 2‐Benzoyl‐1‐indanonen (1976)

Abstract 2‐Benzoyl‐1‐indanone, die in 2′‐Stellung substituiert sind, reagieren mit Acetanhydrid/konz. H 2 SO 4 unter Bildung von (Z)‐2‐(1‐Acetoxybenzyliden)‐1‐indanonen 2Z ; sind dagegen nur Substituenten in 3′‐oder 4′‐Stellung vorhanden, so entstehen 2‐Benzoyl‐3‐indenyl‐acetate 1Z .
Selectively de-animating video (2012)

We present a semi-automated technique for selectively deanimating video to remove the large-scale motions of one or more objects so that other motions are easier to see. The user draws strokes to indicate the regions of the video that should be immobilized, and our algorithm warps the video to remove the large-scale motion of these regions while leaving finer-scale, relative motions intact. However, such warps may introduce unnatural motions in previously motionless areas, such as background regions. We therefore use a graph-cut-based optimization to composite the warped video regions with still frames from the input video; we also optionally loop the output in a seamless manner. Our technique enables a number of applications such as clearer motion visualization, simpler creation of artistic cinemagraphs (photos that include looping motions in some regions), and new ways to edit appearance and complicated motion paths in video by manipulating a de-animated representation. We demonstrate the success of our technique with a number of motion visualizations, cinemagraphs and video editing examples created from a variety of short input videos, as well as visual and numerical comparison to previous techniques.
Overview of IEC 61508. Design of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems (2000)

This article reviews the principal requirements of the IEC 61508 international standard relating to the specification and design of hardware and software in programmable electronic systems intended for use in safety-related applications.
Windkraftanlagen (2005)

Die Windenergie hat in Deutschland bei der ElektrizitÃ¤tserzeugung den Beitrag der Wasserkraft bereits Ã¼bertroffen. Mit dieser groÃtechnischen Anwendung erlangt die VertrÃ¤glichkeit der Windkraftanlagen mit der Natur und Umwelt sowie mit dem ElektrizitÃ¤tsnetz zunehmend an Bedeutung. Das Buch beantwortet die Frage, wie Windkraftanlagen durch Regelung und FÃ¼hrung dem Verhalten konventioneller Kraftwerke nÃ¤her gebracht werden kÃ¶nnen. Dabei werden die Turbine, der Generator, die Regelung sowie die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Komponenten maÃgeblich betrachtet. Dazu kommt die Integration der Anlagen in die ElektrizitÃ¤tsnetze sowie zahlreiche Betriebsergebnisse und Wirtschaftlichkeitsbetrachtungen. FÃ¼r die 4. Auflage wurde das Buch entsprechend dem neuesten Stand der Entwicklungen in der Windkraftindustrie sowie der Richtlinien Ã¼berarbeitet und aktualisiert.
BorderPatrol: IsolatingEventsforBlack-boxTracing (2008)

Causal request traces are valuable to developers of large concurrent and distributed applications, yet difficult to obtain. Traces show how a request is processed, and can be analyzed by tools to detect performance or correctness errors and anomalous behavior. We present BorderPatrol, which obtains precise request traces through systems built from a litany of unmodified modules. Traced components include Apache, thttpd, PostgreSQL, TurboGears, BIND and notably Zeus, a closedsource event-driven web server. BorderPatrol obtains traces using active observation which carefully modifies the event stream observed by modules, simplifying precise observation. Protocol processors leverage knowledge about standard protocols, avoiding application-specific instrumentation. BorderPatrol obtains precise traces for black-box systems that cannot be traced by any other technique. We confirm the accuracy of BorderPatrol’s traces by comparing to manual instrumentation, and compare the developer effort required for each kind of trace. BorderPatrol imposes limited overhead on real systems (approximately 10-15%) and it may be enabled or disabled in at run-time, making it a viable option for deployment in production environments.
An adaptive clustering algorithm for image segmentation (1992)

The problem of segmenting images of objects with smooth surfaces is considered. The algorithm that is presented is a generalization of the K-means clustering algorithm to include spatial constraints and to account for local intensity variations in the image. Spatial constraints are included by the use of a Gibbs random field model. Local intensity variations are accounted for in an iterative procedure involving averaging over a sliding window whose size decreases as the algorithm progresses. Results with an 8-neighbor Gibbs random field model applied to pictures of industrial objects, buildings, aerial photographs, optical characters, and faces show that the algorithm performs better than the K-means algorithm and its nonadaptive extensions that incorporate spatial constraints by the use of Gibbs random fields. A hierarchical implementation is also presented that results in better performance and faster speed of execution. The segmented images are caricatures of the originals which preserve the most significant features, while removing unimportant details. They can be used in image recognition and as crude representations of the image.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier via Real Frequency Technique (2011)

A comprehensive method of designing a broadband Doherty power amplifier is presented in this paper. The essential limitations of bandwidth extension of a Doherty power amplifier are discussed based on the proposed structure of the Doherty power amplifier, which also takes the output matching networks of both sub-amplifiers into account. The broadband matching is realized by applying the simplified real frequency technique with the desired frequency-dependent optimum impedances. GaN transistors were selected to implement the circuit structure.
Effects of fuel particle and reactor core design on modular HTGR source terms (1986)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1987.
Onchocerca volvulus -neurotransmitter tyramine is a biomarker for river blindness (2013)

Onchocerciasis, also known as "river blindness", is a neglected tropical disease infecting millions of people mainly in Africa and the Middle East but also in South America and Central America. Disease infectivity initiates from the filarial parasitic nematode Onchocerca volvulus, which is transmitted by the blackfly vector Simulium sp. carrying infectious third-stage larvae. Ivermectin has controlled transmission of microfilariae, with an African Program elimination target date of 2025. However, there is currently no point-of-care diagnostic that can distinguish the burden of infection--including active and/or past infection--and enable the elimination program to be effectively monitored. Here, we describe how liquid chromatography-MS-based urine metabolome analysis can be exploited for the identification of a unique biomarker, N-acetyltyramine-O,β-glucuronide (NATOG), a neurotransmitter-derived secretion metabolite from O. volvulus. The regulation of this tyramine neurotransmitter was found to be linked to patient disease infection, including the controversial antibiotic doxycycline treatment that has been shown to both sterilize and kill adult female worms. Further clues to its regulation have been elucidated through biosynthetic pathway determination within the nematode and its human host. Our results demonstrate that NATOG tracks O. volvulus metabolism in both worms and humans, and thus can be considered a host-specific biomarker for onchocerciasis progression. Liquid chromatography-MS-based urine metabolome analysis discovery of NATOG not only has broad implications for a noninvasive host-specific onchocerciasis diagnostic but provides a basis for the metabolome mining of other neglected tropical diseases for the discovery of distinct biomarkers and monitoring of disease progression.
Prostaglandin E2 reduces radiation-induced epithelial apoptosis through a mechanism involving AKT activation and bax translocation (2004)

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis modulates the response to radiation injury in the mouse intestinal epithelium through effects on crypt survival and apoptosis; however, the downstream signaling events have not been elucidated. WT mice receiving 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 (dmPGE2) had fewer apoptotic cells per crypt than untreated mice. Apoptosis in Bax(-/-) mice receiving 12 Gy was approximately 50% less than in WT mice, and the ability of dmPGE2 to attenuate apoptosis was lost in Bax(-/-) mice. Positional analysis revealed that apoptosis in the Bax(-/-) mice was diminished only in the bax-expressing cells of the lower crypts and that in WT mice, dmPGE2 decreased apoptosis only in the bax-expressing cells. The HCT-116 intestinal cell line and Bax(-/-) HCT-116 recapitulated the apoptotic response of the mouse small intestine with regard to irradiation and dmPGE2. Irradiation of HCT-116 cells resulted in phosphorylation of AKT that was enhanced by dmPGE2 through transactivation of the EGFR. Inhibition of AKT phosphorylation prevented the reduction of apoptosis by dmPGE2 following radiation. Transfection of HCT-116 cells with a constitutively active AKT reduced apoptosis in irradiated cells to the same extent as in nontransfected cells treated with dmPGE2. Treatment with dmPGE2 did not alter bax or bcl-x expression but suppressed bax translocation to the mitochondrial membrane. Our in vivo studies indicate that there are bax-dependent and bax-independent radiation-induced apoptosis in the intestine but that only the bax-dependent apoptosis is reduced by dmPGE2. The in vitro studies indicate that dmPGE2, most likely by signaling through the E prostaglandin receptor EP2, reduces radiation-induced apoptosis through transactivation of the EGFR and enhanced activation of AKT and that this results in reduced bax translocation to the mitochondria.
Long-term implications of left atrial appendage thrombus identified incidentally by pre-procedural cardiac computed tomography angiography in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (2020)

LAAT visualized by pre-procedural CCTA is an independent predictor of late mortality following TAVR, but not peri-procedural stroke. When reporting TAVR-CCTA, particular note should be made of LAA features and presence of LAAT which may have prognostic and management implications.
Cobalamins and cobalamin-dependent enzymes in Candida utilis (1979)

Candida utilis has been shown to contain 4.7 pmol of cobalamin per g of wet cell paste. Purification of the cobalamin showed it to be a mixture of methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin. Two cobalamin-dependent enzyme systems have been found in the yeast: methylcobalamin-dependent methionine biosynthesis and leucine 2,3-aminomutase. The cobalamin extracted from the yeast is as effective as authentic adenosylcobalamin in stimulating leucine 2,3-aminomutase.
Deficiency of the Intestinal Growth Factor, Glucagon-Like Peptide 2, in the Colon of SCID Mice with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Induced by Transplantation of CD4+ T Cells (2000)

The amount of GLP-2 is markedly reduced in the colon of mice with a T-cell-induced inflammatory bowel disease histopathologically resembling both Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. This observation may provide a pathophysiologic rationale for administration of GLP-2 as a trophic factor in inflammatory bowel disease.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient and Efficient Protocol for the Synthesis of 4(1H)‐Cinnolones, 1,4‐Dihydrocinnolines, and Cinnolines in Aqueous Medium: Application for Detection of Nitrite Ions. (2012)

Abstract Richter cyclization of o‐alkynylaniline derivatives with sodium nitrite in diluted hydrochloric acid provides an efficient access towards 4(1H)‐cinnolones (II) and (VI).
Application of a New Yeast Preparation for Problem Grape Musts (2007)

Novel, non-GMO active dry yeast preparations (YSEO—Yeast SEcurity & Optimization) of commercialized strains were compared with standard preparations in the production of commercial and laboratory scale wines. Fermentation rate, yeast growth, and hydrogen sulfide production were monitored with sensory evaluation performed on the finished commercial wines. Laboratory fermentations of low nitrogen musts demonstrated no differences in fermentation rates between yeast treatments, but significantly lower production of hydrogen sulfide. The YSEO strains completed commercial scale Syrah fermentations between 4 and 20 days faster than the standard preparations. Sensory evaluation of the commercially scale wines by an expert panel showed differences between the wines with respect to key aroma and flavor attributes.
Electron-accepting π-Conjugated Systems Based on Cyclic Imide and Cyano-substituted Benzothiadiazole for Non-fullerene Organic Photovoltaics (2015)

Abstract To develop organic semiconductors for the application to acceptor materials in organic photovoltaics, we synthesized new π-conjugated compounds consisting of cyclic imide and cyano-substituted benzothiadiazole. Photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as semiconducting performance of these compounds were investigated.
Interlaminar tension strength of graphite/epoxy composite laminates (1994)

An L-shaped curved beam specimen and a tension loading fixture were proposed to measure the interlaminar tension strength of laminated and textile composites. The specimen size was 2 X 2 in. (51 X 51 mm). The use of a standard tension test machine and the introduction of load nearly at the specimen midthickness were the advantages of the proposed specimen. Modified Lekhnitskii and beam theory equations for calculating interlaminar stresses of an L-beam were verified by finite element analysis. The beam theory equation is simple and accurate for mean radius to thickness ratios greater than 1.5. The modified Lekhnitskii equations can be used for detailed stress field calculation. AS4/3501-6 graphite/epoxy unidirectional specimens with thicknesses of 16, 24, and 32 piles were fabricated and tested. The delamination initiation site agreed with the calculated maximum interlaminar tension stress location for all three thicknesses. Average interlaminar tension strengths of 16-, 24-, and 32-ply laminates were 47.6, 40.9, and 23.4 MPa, respectively.
A simple, dual knife-edge test for phasing segmented aperture space telescopes (2018)

Over the past twenty-five years, ground based telescopes have made the leap from single, continuous primary mirrors to segmented apertures. This transition was motivated by the cost and complexity of large, monolithic optical surfaces. Space telescopes, driven by the same practicalities, are beginning to make this same transition. The challenge is to accurately phase these apertures such that they behave as a single monolithic mirror. Here we introduce a new method for this co-alignment based upon a classic knife-edge technique. The advantage of this method is: 1) it has a very large dynamic range, 2) it works with broadband light and is therefore very photon efficient, 3) it requires only a single mechanism and single sensor, 4) it works equally well with sparsely filled apertures as well as filled apertures, 5) it phases all the segments simultaneously, 6) requires no additional segment motion diversity for sensing. In this paper, we review the knife-edge method, provide context for the segment phasing problem, perform numerical simulations of the sensor, and provide preliminary laboratory confirmation of this method with a demonstration with a segmented deformable mirror.
Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for Onchocerca Volvulus nodules characterization (2019)

We show the potential of Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy to identify Onchocerca Volvulus nodules, cysts, ganglions and lipomas on humans. We develop a new probe to take into account the geometry of the O. Volvulus model and implement a new measurement protocol and analysis method to deal with the melanin skin contribution. The nodule has a specific intensity and spectral signature compared to its background. It is therefore a relative measure that estimates a signal variation due to the worm and its environment. This may be used to monitor the worm state along time.
24-Hour Rhythm of Human Plasma Noradrenaline and the Effect of Fusaric Acid, a Dopamine-β-Hydroxylase Inhibitor (1980)

A 24-hour of basal noradrenaline (NA) levels in normal human plasma in the supine position was observed; higher NA levels during daytime and lower NA levels at night, especially early in the morning. This pattern of the 24-hour rhythm of plasma NA levels was similar to that of serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) levels. After oral administration of fusaric acid, a DBH inhibitor, the rhythm changed, and plasma NA levels increased at 3 h and returned to the initial level at 23 h. In contrast, plasma DBH activity was markedly inhibited during 23 h after fusaric acid administration.
Physics and applications of defect structures in photonic crystals (2003)

Photonic crystals are three dimensional periodic structures having the property of reflecting the electromagnetic (EM) waves in all dimensions, for a certain range of frequencies. Defects or cavities around the same geometry can also be built by means of adding or removing material. The electrical fields in such cavities are usually enhanced, and by placing active devices in such cavities, one can make the device benefit from the wavelength selectivity and the large enhancement of the resonant EM field within the cavity. By using coupled periodic defects, we have experimentally observed a new type of waveguiding in a photonic crystal. A complete transmission was achieved throughout the entire waveguiding band. The transmission, phase, and delay time characteristics of the various coupled-cavity structures were measured and calculated. We observed the eigenmode splitting, waveguiding through the coupled cavities, splitting and switching of electromagnetic waves in waveguide ports, and Mach-Zender interferometer effect in such structures. The corresponding field patterns and the transmission spectra were obtained from the finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) simulations. We developed a theory based on the classical wave analog of the tight-binding (TB) approximation in solid state physics. Experimental results are in good agreement with the FDTD simulations and predictions of the TB approximation.
High temperature 1 Gbit/s data transmission usingλ = 835 nm GaAs VCSELs (1997)

Using laterally oxidised VCSELs, the authors demonstrate 1 Gbit/s pseudo-random data transmission at 10-11 bit-error rate over the temperature range 20 – 100°C, applying constant 2.5 mA bias current and fixed 0.5 Vpp voltage swing for modulation.
Oxidation of 2,6-dialkylphenols catalyzed by cobalt(II) schiff base complexes. (1986)

[N, N'-ジサリシリデン-2, 3-ジメチル-2, 3-ブタンジアミン] コバルト(II)[1b]および[N, N'-ビス(3-メトキシサリチリデン)-2, 3-ジメチル-2, 3-ブタンジアミン] コバルト(II)[1d]を合成し, 対応するサルコミンコバルト錯体[1a], [1c]と酸化触媒としての活性および安定姓を調べた。[1]を触媒とする酸素下での2, 6-ジメチルフェノールの2, 6-ジメチル-ρ-ベンゾキノンへの酸化反応では, [1b], [1d]は[1a], [1c]よりもメチル基の立体障害のため活性は低かったが, 触媒寿命はいちじるしく長く有効なターンオーバー触媒として働いた。DMF中では転化率,選択率(2, 6-ジメチル-ρ-ベンゾキノンに対する)とも高く(90%), とくに[1d]は転化率, 選択率とも100%を与えた。クロロホルム中の[1a]にアキシアル塩基となるピリジンを添加すると, 選択率はわずかに向上する(35→48%)が, 転化率はいちじるしく低下した(97→69%)。一方, [1b]は転化率の低下はほとんどなく, 選択率は向上した, (37→64%)。以上の結果は, 通常のサルコミンコバルト錯体は酸素酸化の触媒として使用する条件下では劣化が誘起されるが, テトラメチル置換Schff塩基のコバルト錯体では分解が抑勧され, 有効な触媒として働くことが明らかとなった。
Preliminary Studies in the Electrodeposition of PbSe/PbTe Superlattice Thin Films via Electrochemical Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) (2006)

This paper concerns the electrochemical growth of compound semiconductor thin film superlattice structures using electrochemical atomic layer deposition (ALD). Electrochemical ALD is the electrochemical analogue of atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) and ALD, methods based on nanofilm formation an atomic layer at a time, using surface-limited reactions. Underpotential deposition (UPD) is a type of electrochemical surfaced-limited reaction used in the present studies for the formation of PbSe/PbTe superlattices via electrochemical ALD. PbSe/PbTe thin-film superlattices with modulation wavelengths (periods) of 4.2 and 7.0 nm are reported here. These films were characterized using electron probe microanalysis, X- ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and infrared reflection absorption measurements. The 4.2 nm period superlattice was grown after deposition of 10 PbSe cycles, as a prelayer, resulting in an overall composition of PbSe0.52Te0.48. The 7.0 nm period superlattice was grown after deposition of 100 PbTe cycle prelayer, resulting for an overall composition of PbSe0.44Te0.56. The primary Bragg diffraction peak position, 2theta, for the 4.2 superlattice was consistent with the average (111) angles for PbSe and PbTe. First-order satellite peaks, as well as a second, were observed, indicating a high-quality superlattice film. For the 7.0 nm superlattice, Bragg peaks for both the (200) and (111) planes of the PbSe/PbTe superlattice were observed, with satellite peaks shifted 1 degrees closer to the (111), consistent with the larger period of the superlattice. AFM suggested conformal superlattice growth on the Au on glass substrate. Band gaps for the 4.2 and 7.0 nm period superlattices were measured as 0.48 and 0.38 eV, respectively.
VHDL Code Generation in the Ptolemy II Environment (2008)

It is becoming increasingly popular to describe real time signal proessing systems targetted for FPGA or ASIC implementation using structural signal flow graphs. We have implemented support for generation of synthesizeable as well as testbench VHDL code from Ptolemy II models. A helper based approach borrowing heavily from the existing Ptolemy II C code generation framework is used. This work demonstrates the extensibility of the helper based code- generation approach and sets the stage for future research in synthesis of efficient hardware descriptions from heterogenous visual models.