gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluorine and chlorine doping in oxygen-deficient perovskites: A strategy for improving chemical stability (2019)

The present work describes the effect of fluorine and chlorine doping on the chemical stability of proton conductors Ba 2 In 2 O 5 , Ba 4 In 2 Zr 2 O 11 , and Ba 4 Ca 2 Nb 2 O 11 against carbon dioxide and water steam. It was proved that both undoped and halide-doped compositions demonstrate good chemical stability under H 2 O treatment without degradation and without any hydrolytic decomposition. The hydration process leads to the change in the crystal structure only. The treatment in the CO 2 /air (1:1) atmosphere (500 °C, 10 h) leads to the decomposition of undoped samples only. Halide-doped samples retain their structure without detectable products, that is, they are more chemically stable compared with undoped compositions. The method of halide doping can be used as the promising technique for obtaining the new perovskite-related materials with high level of chemical stability.
A Retrospective Evaluation of the Utility of Capsule Endoscopy and Double-Balloon Endoscopy in Crohn’s Disease (2015)

Background. Although the usefulness of capsule endoscopy (CE) and double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) for the evaluation of Crohn's disease (CD) is established, their capabilities in the differential diagnosis of small bowel stenosis have not been sufficiently addressed. The present study therefore aimed to retrospectively determine the types of patients for whom CE and DBE would confer the most benefit. Patients and Methods. We retrospectively reviewed data from 185 patients with established CD. A change of treatment based on CE or DBE results or successful DBE balloon dilation was defined as clinically useful indication. We then analyzed the factors significantly related to useful and poor indications. Results. CE results were assessed as useful indications in 28 (45%) of 62 patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that positive CRP and low IOIBD score are factors significantly related to a useful indication. DBE results were recognized as useful indications in 118 (77%) of 153 patients. Multivariate analysis indicated small bowel stenosis and abdominal pain as factors significantly associated with useful indications. All patients with a poor indication on CE had small bowel stenosis. Conclusions. CE was most useful for patients in clinical remission with positive CRP and without stenosis, whereas DBE was useful for patients with symptoms of stenosis.
Distributed error confinement (2003)

We initiate the study of error confinement in distributed applications, where the goal is that only nodes that were directly hit by a fault may deviate from their correct external behavior, and only temporarily. The external behavior of all other nodes must remain impeccable, even though their internal state may be affected. Error confinement is impossible if an adversary is allowed to inflict arbitrary transient faults on the system, since the faults might completely wipe out input values. We introduce a new fault tolerance measure we call agility, which quantifies the strength of an algorithm that disseminate information, against state corrupting faults.We study the basic problem of broadcast, and propose algorithms that guarantee error confinement with optimal agility to within a constant factor, even in asynchronous networks when the topology is unknown. These algorithms can serve as building blocks in more general reactive systems. Previous results in exploring locality in reactive systems were not error confined, and relied on the assumption (not used in current paper) that the errors hitting each node are probabilistic, such that a faulty node itself, or its neighbor, can detect the node faulty.The main algorithm uses the novel core bootstrapping technique, that seems inherent for voting in reactive networks; its analysis leads to an interesting combinatorial problem. The technique and the analysis may be of independent interest
Mechanism for the plasma oxidation of wool fiber surfaces from XPS studies of self‐assembled monolayers (2001)

Abstract The O 2 plasma treatment of self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of octadecyl mercaptan on gold substrates was investigated as a model for the oxidation of wool fiber surfaces. Three controlled low‐pressure gas‐plasma treatments were employed in which the active species were (i) atomic oxygen, (ii) atomic oxygen plus vacuum UV radiation, and (iii) full plasma treatment (charged particles in addition to the above). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the plasma treatments differ from each other in the extent of oxidation and etch rate with the full plasma treatment being the most aggressive plasma. The results have confirmed that the charged particles present in a full O 2 plasma treatment are responsible for rapid etching of the organic surface and thus play a significant role in the oxidation mechanism due to radical formation during this process. Vacuum UV radiation also contributes to the oxidation process. Only short plasma treatment is necessary for the oxidation of the lipid layer and the SAM is a suitable model for this process. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1461–1469, 2001
Sharp and intense emission of Si-vacancy luminescent center in diamond film grown on Si (100) substrate (2014)

Sharp and intense emission from the Si-V luminescent center in diamond grown on Si is observed. Possibility of the Si-V luminescence center as a light source for integrated quantum photonics on Si chip is suggested.
A Secure Received Signal Strength based Indoor Localization Algorithm Using OS-ELM and Clustering Analysis Technique (2019)

In this paper, a secure machine learning based indoor localization algorithm is proposed, when the received signal strength (RSS) measurement fingerprint based training data set is given by chunk-by-chunk and contains the attacked training data samples. In the off-line phase, the hierarchical clustering approach is proposed to distinguish the attacked training data and the attacked-free training data, firstly. By the above data pre-processing, the attacked RSS measurements is found and can be deleted. Then, the online sequential extreme learning machine (OS-ELM) algorithm is used to training the attacked-free data in turn. In on-line phase, according to the obtained RSS measurements, the obtained regression models are straightly used for final position estimation. Field tests are carried out to show the advantage of the proposed secure localization algorithm over traditional OS-ELM based approach.
Prospective Development and Validation of the Computerized Adaptive Screen for Suicidal Youth (2021)

In this study, the adaptive and personalized CASSY demonstrated excellent suicide attempt risk recognition, which has the potential to facilitate linkage to services.
Efficacy of medication for therapeutic angiogenesis in combined treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus and critical limb ischemia (2016)

The combination of peripheral atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus is a severe pathology, characterized by a high rate, mortality and social significance. The results of limb salvage and distant survival in this pathology in a remote period are unsatisfactory in spite of all existing treatment methods. Clinical trials in previous years have shown efficacy and safety of the medication, which is a plasmid construct with the gene encoding vascular endothelial growth factor - kambiogenplasmid, in patients with disease stage IIa-III according to the A.V. Pokrovsky and Fontaine classification, who were not indicated for surgical treatment. The article presents the clinical cases of successful use of this drug for therapeutic angiogenesis in patients with critical limb ischemia and severe type 2 diabetes mellitus. The inclusion of therapeutic angiogenesis in the conservative treatment algorithms is promising for the treatment of this group of patients. There is a need for further research on the efficacy and safety of the medication in patients with peripheral atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus in a remote period.
Solvent‐Ligated Manganese(II) Complexes for the Homopolymerization of Isobutene and the Copolymerization of Isobutene and Isoprene (2004)

Polyisobutenes with a high content of terminal olefinic groups can be synthesized by using manganese(II) initiators in homogeneous solution. These easily accessible complexes initiate the polymerization at room temperature and above, and afford highly reactive, gel-free polyisobutenes with high viscosities. Furthermore, the initiators were successfully used for the copolymerization of isobutene with isoprene. The high activities of the Mn(II) initiators seem to be related to their weakly coordinating nitrile ligands, which are easily displaced by substrate molecules. Replacing the nitrile ligands by other more strongly coordinating ligands such as water reduces the initiator activity significantly. The Mn(II) initiators are surprisingly resistant to temperature.
39K NMR measurement of intracellular potassium during ischemia in the perfused guinea pig heart (1998)

The hyperfine shift reagent, TmDOTP5-, was used to resolve the 39K NMR resonances of intra- (Ki+) and extracellular (Ke+) potassium in isolated, perfused guinea pig hearts. [Ki+] as measured by 39K NMR was 25.9 +/- 10.3 mM, compared with 114.4 +/- 10.8 mM as measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) using TmDOTP5- as a marker of extracellular space. Thus, only approximately 23% of intracellular potassium was detected by 39K NMR using our experimental conditions. The area of the Ki+ signal increased during early ischemia then returned to baseline levels during reperfusion. In an effort to learn more about the Ki+ not detected by 39K NMR, hearts were perfused with a Rb+-enriched, K+-depleted buffer for an extended period. This resulted in loss of the entire 39K NMR signal, and Ki+, as measured by AAS, decreased from approximately 60 to approximately 6 to 7 micromol/g wet weight. When K+-depleted hearts were subjected to global ischemia, a small 39K NMR signal reappeared, suggesting that at least a portion of the nonexchangeable Ki+ becomes detectable by NMR during ischemia. This newly visible K+ signal subsequently dissipated during reperfusion of ischemic hearts. We conclude that ischemia induces changes in the NMR visibility of 39K in perfused guinea pig hearts.
Convolutional neuronal networks combined with X-ray phase-contrast imaging for a fast and observer-independent discrimination of cartilage and liver diseases stages (2020)

We applied transfer learning using Convolutional Neuronal Networks to high resolution X-ray phase contrast computed tomography datasets and tested the potential of the systems to accurately classify Computed Tomography images of different stages of two diseases, i.e. osteoarthritis and liver fibrosis. The purpose is to identify a time-effective and observer-independent methodology to identify pathological conditions. Propagation-based X-ray phase contrast imaging WAS used with polychromatic X-rays to obtain a 3D visualization of 4 human cartilage plugs and 6 rat liver samples with a voxel size of 0.7 × 0.7 × 0.7 µm<sup>3</sup> and 2.2 × 2.2 × 2.2 µm<sup>3</sup>, respectively. Images with a size of 224 × 224 pixels are used to train three pre-trained convolutional neuronal networks for data classification, which are the VGG16, the Inception V3, and the Xception networks. We evaluated the performance of the three systems in terms of classification accuracy and studied the effect of the variation of the number of inputs, training images and of iterations. The VGG16 network provides the highest classification accuracy when the training and the validation-test of the network are performed using data from the same samples for both the cartilage (99.8%) and the liver (95.5%) datasets. The Inception V3 and Xception networks achieve an accuracy of 84.7% (43.1%) and of 72.6% (53.7%), respectively, for the cartilage (liver) images. By using data from different samples for the training and validation-test processes, the Xception network provided the highest test accuracy for the cartilage dataset (75.7%), while for the liver dataset the VGG16 network gave the best results (75.4%). By using convolutional neuronal networks we show that it is possible to classify large datasets of biomedical images in less than 25 min on a 8 CPU processor machine providing a precise, robust, fast and observer-independent method for the discrimination/classification of different stages of osteoarthritis and liver diseases.
An articulated universal joint based flexible access robot for minimally invasive surgery (2011)

This paper introduces an articulated robotic device based on universal joints with embedded micro motors for minimally invasive surgery. The device features an articulated distal tip with seven independently controllable degrees-of-freedom (DoF), arranged as two universal joints (intersecting pitch and yaw) and three single DoF joints (yaw only); two Ø3mm internal channels, one for an on-board camera for visualization and the other for passing interventional instruments. The design allows the robot to explore the entire peritoneal cavity from a chosen single incision point. A trans-vaginal procedure using the device to locate the uterine horn, as a model of a human fallopian tube, and apply an endoscopic clip was carried out during a live porcine trial to demonstrate the potential for performing a Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) tubal ligation procedure.
Que sont ces enfants devenus ? Les enfants des procréations médicalement assistées. (1993)

Une etude psychologique prospective et comparative a ete menee sur un groupe de 33 enfants nes par fecondation in vitro (FIV). Ces enfants ont ete compares a deux groupes temoins composes, l'un d'enfants nes apres stimulation d'ovulation, l'autre d'enfants nes par procreation naturelle, sans intervention medicale. Un groupe de 15 enfants nes par don d'ovocytes a ete adjoint aux groupes precedents, selon la meme methodologie. Le developpement psychomoteur des enfants ainsi que la relation avec leur mere sont satisfaisants. Il est permis de penser que les procreations medicalement assistees n'influent pas de maniere defavorable sur le devenir psychomoteur de ces enfants
Synthesis and in vitro Behavior of Multivalent Cationic Lipopeptide for DNA Delivery and Release in HeLa Cells (2007)

We report here that a synthesized multivalent cationic lipopeptide can be used for the delivery and release of gene assembled into lipopeptide vesicles. It is found experimentally that the synthesized lipopeptide is safe for gene therapy because of its biocompatibility and the innocuity of the hydrolysis products, such as lipids and amino acids. The experimental results also show that the assembled DNA/lipopeptide complex has high transfection efficiency in HeLa cells compared to that of the selected commercial reagent, which represents a novel vector for the delivery of therapeutic DNA.
Mutation analysis of the ROM1 gene in retinitis pigmentosa (1995)

To examine the role of ROM1, a homologue of peripherin/RDS, in autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP), we screened 224 adRP and 29 simplex RP probands for ROM1 mutations. Four ROM1 alleles were designated as potentially pathogenic because they were found only in RP patients but not in 50-100 controls nor in 249 other RP probands. The substitutions P60T and T108M were present in a single allele in a subject with typical adRP, and this allele cosegregated with the disease in the small family. The putative null allele L114 [1 bp] was present in an individual with atypical RP but not in three unaffected siblings. This insertion has been previously reported to cause RP only when accompanied by a peripherin/RDS mutation, but no peripherin/RDS mutations were found in any of the four probands reported here. Two substitutions (G75D, R242Q) were present in two other probands with simplex RP. These data suggest that potentially pathogenic ROM1 mutations occur in 1% or less of patients with adRP or simplex RP. The absence of detectable peripherin/RDS mutations in these families suggests either that: (i) mutations in other digenic partners are required for pathogenic ROM1 alleles to cause retinal degeneration; (ii) these ROM1 mutations do not cause RP; or (iii) peripherin/RDS mutations are present but were not identified in these patients.
Combined approach of a couple fire model with atmospheric releases: the case of the 2003 Glacier wildfires (2014)

A combined GIS and remote sensing approach is applied to map and model the Glacier National Park wildfires of the summer 2003. Numerical simulations were performed using the Clarke Fire Automaton Model, and the fire extents were associated with the atmospheric plumes, observed using remote sensing data from the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer and Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer. The wildfire simulation results show a correlation between the predicted and the actual fires. Remote sensing data are used to quantify the optical dimming of the atmosphere caused by the fires. The observed atmospheric dimming is correlated both spatially and temporally, with the fire simulations. Such knowledge is crucial to build a coupled land-atmosphere fire model.
Differential Associations of GAD Antibodies (GADA) and C-Peptide With Insulin Initiation, Glycemic Responses, and Severe Hypoglycemia in Patients Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes (2023)

There is considerable heterogeneity in autoimmunity and β-cell dysfunction in T2D with GADA+ and high CP associated with early insulin initiation, while GADA+ and low CP, increased the risk of severe hypoglycemia. Extended phenotyping is warranted to increase the precision of classification and treatment in T2D.
Synthesis of the First Microporous Aluminum Phosphonate with Organic Groups Covalently Bonded to the Skeleton (1994)

A hydrothermal procedure is used to prepare the molecular sieve Al 2 (CH 3 PO 3 )3 ( 1 ). This compound has a new three‐dimensional framework, in which one six‐coordinate and two four‐coordinate Al centers are bound to the CH 3 PO 3 units. The channel walls of the micropores of 1 are probably not lined with O atoms but with methyl groups.
Manipulating Spin–Orbit Interaction in Semiconductors (2008)

Spin–orbit interaction (SOI), where the orbital motion of electrons is coupled with the orientation of electron spins, originates from a relativistic effect. Generally, in nonrelativistic momentum, \( p = \hbar k\ll m_{0}c\), the SOI is negligible. However, in a semiconductor heterostructure, the small energy-band gap ( E g ≪ m 0 c 2 ) and the electron wave modulated by the atomic core potential markedly enhance the SOI. Since the SOI acts as an effective magnetic field, it may offer novel functionalities for controlling the spin degree of freedom such as the electrical spin generation and the electrical control of the spin precession in a semiconductor heterojunction. Here, we review recent experimental studies on the manipulation of the SOI in a semiconductor two-dimensional electron gas. We first present a theoretical overview of the Rashba SOI, which lifts the spin degeneracy due to structural inversion asymmetry. We then present experimental results on the quantum well (QW) thickness dependences of the Rashba SOI in InP/InGaAs/InAlAs asymmetric QWs by analyzing the weak antilocalization. Finally, we show quantum interference effects due to the spin precession in a small array of mesoscopic InGaAs rings, which is an experimental demonstration of the time-reversal Aharonov–Casher effect and the electromagnetic dual to the Al'tshuler–Aronov–Spivak effect.
HYBID (alias KIAA1199/CEMIP) and hyaluronan synthase coordinately regulate hyaluronan metabolism in histamine-stimulated skin fibroblasts (2020)

The immune-regulatory compound histamine is involved in the metabolism of the essential skin component hyaluronan (HA). We previously reported that histamine up-regulates the expression of HYBID (hyaluronan-binding protein involved in hyaluronan depolymerization, also called CEMIP or KIAA1199), which plays a key role in HA degradation. However, no information is available about histamine's effects on HA synthase (HAS) expression, the molecular sizes of HA species produced, and histamine receptors and their signaling pathways in skin fibroblasts. Moreover, histamine's effects on photoaged skin remain elusive. Here, we show that histamine increases HA degradation by up-regulating HYBID and down-regulating <i>HAS2</i> in human skin fibroblasts in a dose- and time-dependent manner and thereby decreases the total amounts and sizes of newly produced HA. Histamine H1 blocker abrogated the histamine effects on HYBID up-regulation, <i>HAS2</i> suppression, and HA degradation. Histamine H1 agonist exhibited effects on HA levels, composition, and breakdown similar to those of histamine. Of note, blockade of protein kinase Cδ or PI3K-Akt signaling abolished histamine-mediated <i>HYBID</i> stimulation and <i>HAS2</i> suppression, respectively. Immunohistochemical experiments revealed a significant ∼2-fold increase in tryptase-positive mast cells in photoaged skin, where <i>HYBID</i> and <i>HAS2</i> expression levels were increased and decreased, respectively, compared with photoprotected skin. These results indicate that histamine controls HA metabolism by up-regulating <i>HYBID</i> and down-regulating <i>HAS2</i> via distinct signaling pathways downstream of histamine receptor H1. They further suggest that histamine may contribute to photoaged skin damage by skewing HA metabolism toward degradation.
Semantic metadata for the integration of Web-based data for electronic commerce (2003)

Today, the Internet can be seen as a global marketplace populated by a huge number of providers and consumers that exchange data from a wide range of domains. A combination of data from different sources for further automatic processing is often hindered by differences in the underlying modeling assumptions and representation. In addition, the available sources are in most cases semistructured, i.e., provide no fixed and explicitly specified schema. Therefore, an integrated use of Web-based data requires explicit information about its organization and meaning. In this paper we present a representation model well-suited for explicit description of implicitly described semistructured data, and show how this model can be used for the integration of heterogeneous data sources from the Web.
A modified superconducting current injection transistor and distributed amplifier design (1989)

The authors have modified the design of the superconducting current injection transistor (Super-CIT) for use in a distributed amplifier. The super-CIT consists of a resistively damped long Josephson junction in which the maximum Josephson current is modulated by the magnetic field produced by current in a control line. The device is modified by DC-coupling the control line from the Josephson junction so that the Super-CIT can be embedded in a distributed amplifier configuration. The distributed amplifier design is used to raise the input impedance and the power gain of the amplifier over a wide bandwidth. The small signal current gain of the device can be increased by biasing the Josephson junction in an asymmetric configuration. A simulation using practical values results in an amplifier with an input impedance of 6.5 Omega using only four devices, which produces 15 dB of gain into a 2.5- Omega load over a bandwidth of 90 GHz with very little reverse gain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>