gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal rollover characteristics up to 150/spl deg/C of buried-stripe type 980-nm laser diodes with a current injection window delineated by a SiNx layer (2000)

In order to improve device robustness of buried-stripe type 980-nm laser diodes against excess current injection even under high temperature operation, we have introduced a current injection window delineated by a SiN/sub x/ layer to suppress current injection near the facets. The devices showed complete thermal rollover characteristics at temperatures up to 150/spl deg/C with 800-mA continuous-wave current injection while devices without the layer failed due to front facet degradation during high temperature tests. We think the improvement of device robustness with a SiN/sub x/ layer is attributable to suppression of nonradiative recombination of carriers overflowing from the active layers near the facet and to reduced light absorption at the facet brought about by suppression of carrier-induced bandgap shrinkage.
Generalized PF scheduling for bidirectional and user-multiplexing unidirectional full-duplex links (2015)

In-band full-duplex (IBFD) operation can potentially double the spectral efficiency of wireless networks. For IBFD operation, self-interference is a critical issue. In addition, in full-duplex cellular (FDC) networks, particularly when the cell size is small, inter-user interference would be another limiting factor for the performance. To overcome these issues, the scheduling scheme proposed in this paper is to adaptively utilize bidirectional IBFD in addition to half-duplex (HD) and unidirectional IBFD in FDC networks according to the residual self-interference after interference cancellation and inter-user interference. The proposed scheme is based on generalized proportional fair scheduling by using a fairness parameter. Extensive simulations are conducted to analyze the impact of the cell size. Simulation results revealed that the use of bidirectional IBFD is extremely effective for a small cell with few users if self-interference is sufficiently canceled because inter-user interference is large in small cell and the scheduler tends to select bidirectional IBFD in the cell with few users.
Oncogenic microRNAs to predict relapse in early breast cancer patients. (2017)

e23021 Background: Early breast cancer is a frequent female disease with different outcomes. New approaches are needed in order to improve its prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRs) are modulators of gene expression and act as oncogenes and function to inhibit tumor suppressors and to promote metastasizing. Monitoring of miRs could be of benefit to the prognosis of EBC patients. Methods: We prospectively collected sera from 133 EBC patients (follow-up 53,25 months) in 3 time points (before I and after surgery II, after therapy III). Patients were stratified into high and low-risk groups according to HR, HER2, Ki-67, grade, LN. For RNA isolation serum was used followed by RT-qPCR and was applied longitudinal multivariate data analysis. Aim of the project was to determine serum expression of miR-155, miR-19a, miR-181b, miR-24 in 3 time points, to find difference in expressions between high and low-risk groups, to find association between miRs and clinical/pathological risk factors and associations in miRs expression and prognosis of EBC. Results: EBC patients significantly over-express miRs in time point I. In time point II the levels of miR-155, miR-181b, miR-24 significantly decreased ( p&lt; 0.05). miR-19a decreased in time point III ( p= 0.00869). Levels of miR-155, miR-19a, miR-181b, miR-24 are significantly more abundant in high-risk in comparison to low-risk patients ( p&lt; 0.05) and decrease upon therapy. The multivariate GEE model revealed that miR-155, miR-24 were predictive of the relapse ( p= 0.025 and 0.041). miR-19a, miR-181b are insignificant with respect to the relapse ( p&gt; 0.05). Triple-negativity, HER2+, grade III, LN+ have no effect on the probability of relapse ( p&gt; 0.05) when miRs are simultaneously taken into an account. The only risk factor that makes the prediction of relapse more precise is Ki-67 &gt; 20% ( p= 0.013 in case of miR-155 and p= 0.023 in case of miR-24). Conclusions: OncomiRs are significantly more abundant in EBC patients at diagnosis and decline after therapy. Differences in miR levels reflect EBC risk groups. The data shows that miR-155 and miR-24 enable monitoring of EBC and predict relapse independently of clinical/pathological risk factors. Combining the miR levels with Ki-67 expression further specifies the relapse probability.
Transmission Power Measurements for Wireless Sensor Nodes and their Relationship to the Battery Level (2005)

In this work we focus on the new generation EYESIFXv2 (Eyes Project) wireless sensor nodes by carrying out experimental measurements on power related quantities. In particular, our aim is to characterize the relationship between the level of the battery and the transmission power radiated by the node. The present results point out the non linear and non trivial effects due to the output potentiometer which can be used to tune the transmission power. It shall be observed that a thorough study of how battery and/or potentiometer settings translate to actual transmitted power levels is crucial to e.g. design correct power control algorithms, which can effectively operate under any operational condition of the wireless sensor device
Lithium Ion Conductivity in New Perovskite Oxides [AgyLi1-y]3xLa2/3-x1/3-2xTiO3 (x = 0.09 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 1) (2001)

New perovskite-type lithium ion conductors [AgyLi1-y]3xLa2/3-xTiO3 were synthesized and their crystal structure and ionic conductivity were characterized. The La3+ and vacancies contents have been fixed (x = 0.09) and the substitution of Ag+ for Li+ was varied from 0 to 1. The X-ray powder diffraction analysis revealed that the symmetry of the doubled-perovskite lattice changes from tetragonal for the nonsubstituted oxide (y = 0) to orthorhombic when substitution occurs (0 < y < 1), to come back to tetragonal when substitution is complete (y = 1). The substitution leads to changes in the bottleneck sizes and form of the two different A-cages of the structure and consequently to the lowest activation energy of the conduction process ever found in these titanates (Ea = 0.28 eV for y = 0.5). The immobile ions (La3+ and Ag+) can be considered as obstacles for the lithium motion through the conduction pathways. Conductivity measurements show that lithium and vacancies no longer percolate when the number of immobile ions per Ti in these oxides is greater than 75%. These immobile ions are distributed differently in the two perovskite subcells of the unit cell, leading to an immobile-ions(La3+/Ag+)-poor layer and an immobile-ions-rich layer. The ionic conductivity is found to follow the occupancy of the poor layer; that is, the higher the occupancy, the smaller the lithium conductivity. The lithium motion occurs then mainly in the (La3+/Ag+)-poor layer of these oxides.
Analysis of the impact of surface heat transfer on a new modification of the Angstroem’s method (2004)

A new modification of the Angstroem's method for thermal diffusivity measurement has been developed. This relies on the propagation of harmonic thermal waves with mean value equal to the ambient temperature. The diffusivity is evaluated by relatively simple processing of temperature data, acquired by infrared thermography.
Use of nanocrystal seeding chemical admixture in improving Portland cement strength development: application for precast concrete industry (2014)

This paper summarises an investigation into the potential advantages to the precast concrete industry of using a new ‘seeding’ type of chemical admixture in Portland cement (PC) based concrete mixes. Results indicated that the addition of 2–4% nanocrystal seeding chemical (NCS) admixture by weight of PC can provide a doubling of early strength, particularly at 6 and 12 h. This strength gain could lead to the turnover of moulds in precast concrete plants being completed twice in 24 h, thus increasing production capacity. Isothermal conduction calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis techniques were used to investigate the reasons for the improvement in compressive strength development. Results indicated that the increase in early compressive strength is due to an acceleration of early hydration of PC in presence of the NCS. Indeed, after 6 h, the degree of hydration was more than 50% greater when NCS was used. This paper also highlights the possibility of the NCS chemical admixture being used in conjunction with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in PC blended concrete mixes. 2% NCS was added to a blend containing 70% PC and 30% ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). Results indicated that early strength values were greater compared to the blend without NCS and comparable to the 100% PC mix.
Escherichia coli Serotype O55:H7 Diversity Supports Parallel Acquisition of Bacteriophage at Shiga Toxin Phage Insertion Sites during Evolution of the O157:H7 Lineage (2012)

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) continues to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children around the world. Two EPEC genomes have been fully sequenced: those of EPEC O127:H6 strain E2348/69 (United Kingdom, 1969) and EPEC O55:H7 strain CB9615 (Germany, 2003). The O55:H7 serotype is a recent precursor to the virulent enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7. To explore the diversity of O55:H7 and better understand the clonal evolution of O157:H7, we fully sequenced EPEC O55:H7 strain RM12579 (California, 1974), which was collected 1 year before the first U.S. isolate of O157:H7 was identified in California. Phage-related sequences accounted for nearly all differences between the two O55:H7 strains. Additionally, O55:H7 and O157:H7 strains were tested for the presence and insertion sites of Shiga toxin gene (stx)-containing bacteriophages. Analysis of non-phage-associated genes supported core elements of previous O157:H7 stepwise evolutionary models, whereas phage composition and insertion analyses suggested a key refinement. Specifically, the placement and presence of lambda-like bacteriophages (including those containing stx) should not be considered stable evolutionary markers or be required in placing O55:H7 and O157:H7 strains within the stepwise evolutionary models. Additionally, we suggest that a 10.9-kb region (block 172) previously believed unique to O55:H7 strains can be used to identify early O157:H7 strains. Finally, we defined two subsets of O55:H7 strains that share an as-yet-unobserved or extinct common ancestor with O157:H7 strains. Exploration of O55:H7 diversity improved our understanding of the evolution of E. coli O157:H7 and suggested a key revision to accommodate existing and future configurations of stx-containing bacteriophages into current models.
Chronic stress modulates the virus-specific immune response to latent herpes simplex virus Type 1 (1997)

We compared 71 family caregivers of dementia sufferers and 58 control subjects on three different immune measures relevant to latent herpes simplex virus Type 1 (HSV-1) infection: neutralizing antibody titers, antibody titers to a total viral antigen, and a proliferative memory T-cell response. Caregivers had significantly higher antibody titers to the total viral antigen and a poorer HSV-1 specific T-cell response than controls, but no significant difference in neutralizing antibody titers between groups was observed. These data provide additional evidence that psychological stress can modulate a virus-specific immune response associated with caregiving.
Impacts of the Surfactant Concentration on the Sedimentation Characteristics of Silica Hard-Shell Microcapsules Containing Phase Change Materials (2020)

The effects of surfactant concentration on the sedimentation characteristics of silica hard-shell microcapsules containing trimethylolethane clathrate hydrates as phase change materials have been investigated. A combination additive of a cationic surfactant system and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) was used to inhibit sedimentation. The concentration of surfactants was varied between 0 and 6,000 ppm, while that of PVA was maintained at 2,000 ppm. The apparent shear viscosities and the apparent volume fractions of the sedimentation were measured. In each solution, the hydraulic diameter of the molecular structure in each solution was also determined. From the results of sedimentation experiments, it was found that the sedimentation was effectively reduced when the surfactant concentration was greater than 4,000 ppm. The extensional viscosity of the fluid was found to dominate the sedimentation characteristics of the systems with high concentrations. In contrast, the sedimentation velocity was observed to be comparatively high for a surfactant concentration of 2,000 ppm. In the present study, surfactant molecules were found to adsorb on the surface of the microcapsules. This leads to the disappearance of high-order structure of the combination additives, increasing counter-ion molar ratio, while the extensional viscosity decreases. Considering that the viscosity affects the flow characteristics, a surfactant concentration of 4,000 ppm was found to be optimal among the present conditions.
Generic Model for the Localization of the Cerebral Cortex and Preoperative Multimodal Integration in Epilepsy Surgery (1995)

In cerebral cortex neurosurgery and particularly in epilepsy surgery, the recognition of individual cortical anatomic landmarks is necessary for presurgical evaluation and planning. To overcome the classical great variability in the superficial aspect of the human cerebral cortex, we have developed an original generic description of the cerebral cortex in a three-dimensional structure. The result is a generic model matching the cortical topography of each brain regardless of inter- and intra-individual variability. In this model, sulcal roots (fundi) are separated by more or less superficial annectent gyrus, and buried by operculization during the gyrification. This original generic model of the cerebral cortex enabled us to develop a mathematical methodology for the construction of a structural representation of the cortical topography from a T1-weighted three-dimensional MR image. This program can provide automatic detection and recognition of the main cortical sulci.
Systematic comparison of a new generation of columns packed with sub‐2 μm superficially porous particles (2013)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibilities/limitations of recent RP-LC columns packed with 1.6 μm superficially porous particles (Waters Cortecs) and to compare its potential to other existing sub-2 μm core-shell packings. The kinetic performance of Kinetex 1.3 μm, Kinetex 1.7 μm and Cortecs 1.6 μm stationary phases was assessed. It was found that the Kinetex 1.3 μm phase outperforms its counterparts for ultra-fast separations. Conversely, the Cortecs 1.6 μm packing seemed to be the best stationary phase for assays with longer analysis time in isocratic and gradient modes, considering small molecules and peptides as test probes. This exceptional behaviour was attributed to its favourable permeability and somewhat higher mechanical stability (ΔPmax of 1200 bar). The loading capacity of these three columns was also investigated with basic and neutral drugs analysed under acidic conditions. It appears that the loading capacities of Cortecs 1.6 μm and Kinetex 1.7 μm were very close, while it was reduced by 2-7-fold on the Kinetex 1.3 μm packing. However, this observation is dependent on the nature of the compound and certainly also on mobile phase conditions.
Hardware/Software Co-verification (2005)

Co-verifying hardware and software in an SOC device calls for new methodologies and tools. The amount of software in SOC devices is also increasing, so software debugging early in design development is even more critical.
Real-Time Beam Profile Uniformity Monitoring System (2013)

New, multi-pixel, air-filled ionization chamber for beam monitoring was constructed. For processing of 400 input signals, it utilizes a dedicated, homemade ASIC. Device parameters: sensitivity, resolution, dynamic range, etc. are discussed together with results from the particle beam tests.
Efficacy of a Novel Orally Administered Formulation of DTPA Tablets for Decorporating an Intravenously Injected Radionuclide: A Comparison with Intravenously Administered Licensed DTPA (2012)

Abstract Strategy, Management and Health Policy Enabling Tchnology, Genomics, Proteomics Preclinical Research Preclinical Development Toxicology, Formulation Durg Delivery, Pharmacokinetics Clinical Development Phases I‐III Regulatory, Quality, Manufacturing Postmarketing Phase IV A proprietary minitablet formulation of the chelating agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid ( DTPAMT ) was administered orally to rats injected with ( 241 A m) ( III )‐citrate and compared with untreated controls. The positive control was intravenously administered diethylenetriaminepentaacetate ( DTPA ) ( IVDTPA ). Groups of six young adult rats (three male, three female) were injected intravenously with 241 A m, with each rat placed in an individual metabolism cage for excreta collection. The groups were then treated once with IVDTPA or DTPAMT at 1 h, or 1, 5, or 14 days postinjection, with sacrifice at 8, 8, 12, and 21 days postinjection, respectively. Sacrifice of three untreated control groups occurred 8, 12, and 21 days postinjection. At necropsy, all tissues, associated urine, feces, and cage wash samples were collected and analyzed for ( 241 A m) content. The average recovery for all experimental groups was 95.2 ± 3.6% administered 241 A m dose. Tissue and excreta analyses of ( 241 A m) were compared for the treatment groups and untreated controls and with IVDTPA using two‐way analysis of variance. DTPAMT 241 A m removal efficacy was statistically significant for all administration times compared with untreated controls. For systemically administered ( 241 A m), the primary deposition sites, bone and liver, incurred the highest radiation doses. DTPAMT reduced liver ( 241 A m) content by 60–70% and bone content by 40% at treatment times of 1 h,1 day, and 5 days when compared with untreated controls. For all times, DTPAMT compared well with IVDTPA . For DTPAMT , ( 241 A m) excretion elevation in urine was protracted beyond that typically observed with IVDTPA .
Incidence of complications related to catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter: a nationwide in-hospital analysis of administrative data for Germany in 2014 (2018)

Administrative data of all atrial fibrillation ablations in Germany in 2014 revealed higher overall and major complication rates than previously reported. Few patients were treated in low volume centres, but were exposed to a higher overall complication risk. Atrial flutter ablations were associated with surprisingly high rates of life-threatening complications. Advanced age combined with highly prevalent cardiac, pulmonary and, vascular comorbidities likely play a major role. In addition, individual-level clinical studies need to address the safety and benefits of catheter ablation in an elderly, diseased population.
Decentralized Sensor Localization by Decision Fusion of RSSI and Mobility in Indoor Environments (2018)

Localization of sensors has become an essential issue in wireless networks. This paper presents a decentralized approach to localize sensors in indoor environments. The targeted area is partitioned into several sectors, each of which having a local calculator capable of emitting, receiving, and processing data. Each calculator runs a local localization algorithm, by investigating the belief functions theory for decision fusion of radio fingerprints, to estimate the sensors zones. The fusion of all calculators estimates, is combined with a mobility model to yield a final zone decision. The decentralized algorithm is described and evaluated against the state-of-the-art. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of localization accuracy, processing time, and robustness.
Computerized analysis of prostate lesions in the peripheral zone using dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (2008)

A novel automated computerized scheme has been developed for determining a likelihood measure of malignancy for cancer suspicious regions in the prostate based on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (DCE-MRI) images. Our database consisted of 34 consecutive patients with histologically proven adenocarcinoma in the peripheral zone of the prostate. Both carcinoma and non-malignant tissue were annotated in consensus on MR images by a radiologist and a researcher using whole mount step-section histopathology as standard of reference. The annotations were used as regions of interest (ROIs). A feature set comprising pharmacokinetic parameters and a T1 estimate was extracted from the ROIs to train a support vector machine as classifier. The output of the classifier was used as a measure of likelihood of malignancy. Diagnostic performance of the scheme was evaluated using the area under the ROC curve. The diagnostic accuracy obtained for differentiating prostate cancer from non-malignant disorders in the peripheral zone was 0.83 (0.75-0.92). This suggests that it is feasible to develop a computer aided diagnosis system capable of characterizing prostate cancer in the peripheral zone based on DCE-MRI.
Superselective intraarterial papaverine administration: effect on regional cerebral blood flow in patients with arteriovenous malformations (1996)

In this study the authors determined the effect of papaverine on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the angiographically normal arteriolar beds of patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) who underwent transfemoral superselective angiography. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) branch vessels were catheterized during 10 procedures performed in nine patients. The mean (+/- standard deviation) largest AVM diameter was 4.4 +/- 1 cm. Regional CBF was measured by recording the washout of a bolus of xenon-133 injected through the microcatheter. In a dose-ranging study. rCBF and MCA pressure in two patients were repeatedly measured after 3-minute infusions of papaverine at 0.07, 0.7, and 7 mg/minute. In a single-dose study, an additional eight patients received only the highest dose of papaverine administered over a 3-minute period. In the dose-ranging study, CBF increased from baseline in a dose-dependent fashion. In the single-dose study, papaverine increased in rCBF 103%, from 48 +/- 11 to 95 +/- 23 ml/100 g/minute at an MCA pressure of 55 +/- 23 mm Hg. Increase in rCBF was linearly related (y = 2.2x - 17, r2 = 0.84; p = 0.001) to baseline MCA pressure (range 22-84 mm Hg). Papaverine increases rCBF in a direct proportion to baseline MCA pressure, even at low baseline pressures. Selective infusion of vasodilators should be investigated in acute cerebral hypotension to facilitate either primary or collateral recruitment of CBF by aiding spontaneous autoregulatory vasodilation. In addition, rCBF monitoring may be useful in determining the most effective intraarterial dose of papaverine while minimizing complications due to hyperemia.
Carbon Nanotube-based Nanocomposites: Effect of Dispersion on Release during Wear (2013)

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