gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of heme oxygenase induction in ethinylestradiol‐induced cholestasis (2015)

Estrogen-induced cholestasis is characterized by impaired hepatic uptake and biliary bile acids secretion because of changes in hepatocyte transporter expression. The induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), the inducible isozyme in heme catabolism, is mediated via the Bach1/Nrf2 pathway, and protects livers from toxic, oxidative and inflammatory insults. However, its role in cholestasis remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of HMOX1 induction by heme on ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis and possible underlying mechanisms. Wistar rats were given ethinylestradiol (5 mg/kg s.c.) for 5 days. HMOX1 was induced by heme (15 μmol/kg i.p.) 24 hrs prior to ethinylestradiol. Serum cholestatic markers, hepatocyte and renal membrane transporter expression, and biliary and urinary bile acids excretion were quantified. Ethinylestradiol significantly increased cholestatic markers (P ≤ 0.01), decreased biliary bile acid excretion (39%, P = 0.01), down-regulated hepatocyte transporters (Ntcp/Oatp1b2/Oatp1a4/Mrp2, P ≤ 0.05), and up-regulated Mrp3 (348%, P ≤ 0.05). Heme pre-treatment normalized cholestatic markers, increased biliary bile acid excretion (167%, P ≤ 0.05) and up-regulated hepatocyte transporter expression. Moreover, heme induced Mrp3 expression in control (319%, P ≤ 0.05) and ethinylestradiol-treated rats (512%, P ≤ 0.05). In primary rat hepatocytes, Nrf2 silencing completely abolished heme-induced Mrp3 expression. Additionally, heme significantly increased urinary bile acid clearance via up-regulation (Mrp2/Mrp4) or down-regulation (Mrp3) of renal transporters (P ≤ 0.05). We conclude that HMOX1 induction by heme increases hepatocyte transporter expression, subsequently stimulating bile flow in cholestasis. Also, heme stimulates hepatic Mrp3 expression via a Nrf2-dependent mechanism. Bile acids transported by Mrp3 to the plasma are highly cleared into the urine, resulting in normal plasma bile acid levels. Thus, HMOX1 induction may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis.
Early detection of colorectal neoplasia: application of a blood-based serological protein test on subjects undergoing population-based screening (2022)

The performance of the biomarker signature in this FIT-positive screening population did not reflect the positive performance of biomarker signatures seen in symptomatic populations. Additional biomarkers are needed if the serological biomarkers are to be used as a frontline screening test.
Microstructure, Wettability, and Thermal Stability of Semifluorinated Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs) on Gold (2000)

The microstructure, wettability, and thermal stability of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold generated from semifluorinated alkanethiols F(CF2)10(CH2)nSH, where n = 2, 6, 11, 17, and 33 (F10HnSH), were examined by polarization modulation infrared reflection absoprtion spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) and dynamic contact angle measurements. Analysis by PM-IRRAS revealed that the length of the methylene spacer (Hn) influenced the tilt angle of the fluorocarbon segments in the semifluorinated SAMs. As the length of the methylene spacer was increased, the tilt angle of the perfluorocarbon moiety increased with respect to the surface normal. The longer methylene spacers (Hn, n = 11, 17, and 33) exhibited well-ordered trans-extended conformations as indicated by the position of the antisymmetric methylene band (νaCH2 = 2919 cm-1). Shortening the length of the methylene spacer to n = 6, however, led to a decrease in conformational order (νaCH2 = 2925 cm-1). Dynamic contact angle measurements using the Wilhelmy plate method showed that the semifluorinated SAMs were poorly wet by both water (average θa = 120°) and hexadecane (average θa = 81°). The wettability varied with the length of the methylene spacer; in particular, both the thinnest and the thickest semifluorinated SAMs (derived from F10H2SH and F10H33SH, respectively) exhibited relatively low dynamic contact angle values. In addition, the thermal stability of the semifluorinated SAMs was found to increase as the length of the methylene spacer was increased. Overall, these films exhibited remarkable resistance to thermal degradation (e.g., SAMs derived from F10H33SH sustained a relatively high contact angles after incubation at 150 °C for 1 h in air).
ChemInform Abstract: cis‐Bromination of a Non‐Conjugated Cyclic Alkene. Unprecedented Electrophilic Stereoselection by Means of a Remote SO2 Group. (1986)

Abstract Bei der Bromaddition von (I) entsteht neben (IIa) unerwarteterweise das cis‐Dibromid (IIb).
Altered expression of UVB-induced cytokines in human papillomavirus-immortalized epithelial cells (2008)

Keratinocytes can be induced to produce cytokines by exogenous stimuli, such as UVB, and dysregulation of this production has been described in various skin diseases, including cancer. In this study, we compared the effect of UVB on the secretion of several cytokines involved in inflammation by human keratinocytes immortalized or not with human papillomavirus (HPV)16 or HPV38 at the mRNA and protein levels. We show that expression of the HPV E6/E7 oncoproteins influences not only the basal cytokine secretion profile of keratinocytes, but also its modulation upon UVB irradiation. In particular, UVB upregulates interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta in HPV-immortalized cells to a higher extent than in control keratinocytes. Moreover, expression of other pro-inflammatory molecules such as S100A8/9 and interferon (IFN)-kappa was downregulated in HPV-immortalized cells. These data support the functional similarity between HPV16 and 38, and suggest an active role of these viruses in modulation of the inflammatory process.
SERGIO CÁRDENAS Y LA SINFÓNICA DE MÚSICA, EN LA FIT 2007 (2007)

LA PIEZA MUSICAL DE RECIENTE FACTURA, DEL COMPOSITOR SERGIO C RDENAS, SER  ESCUCHADA POR PRIMERA VEZ EN PUBLICO EN LOS CONCIERTOS QUE TAMBIEN SER N CONDUCIDOS POR ESTE DESTACADO DIRECTOR TAMAULIPECO AL FRENTE DE LA ORQUESTA SINFONICA DE LA ESCUELA NACIONAL DE MUSICA, DE ESTA CASA DE ESTUDIOS, COMO PARTE DE LA NOVENA EDICION DEL FESTIVAL INTERNACIONAL TAMAULIPAS, QUE COMENZO EN FRONTERIZO ESTADO MEXICANO A PARTIR DEL 13 DE OCTUBRE. CON ESTA OBRA ORQUESTAL C RDENAS RINDE HOMENAJE AL QUE SE CONSIDERA GENERO MUSICAL MEXICANO POR ANTONOMASIA. DEDICADA A EUGENIO HERN NDEZ FLORES, GOBERNADOR DE TAMAULIPAS, SER  ESCUCHADA POR PUBLICOS DE NUEVO LAREDO, REYNOSA, MATAMOROS Y CIUDAD VICTORIA, LOS DIAS 13, 14, 15 Y 18 DE OCTUBRE, RESPECTIVAMENTE. LOS PROGRAMAS DE LOS CONCIERTOS DE LA ORQUESTA INCLUYEN TAMBIEN LA SUITE DEL BALLET EL LAGO DE LOS CISNES, DEL RUSO PIOTR ILLICH CHAIKOVSKY, Y DIVERSAS P GINAS CELEBRES DEL REPERTORIO OPERISTICO ITALIANO. TENOR NEOLAREDENSE LEONARDO GONZ LEZ SER  ENCARGADO DE CANTAR ALGUNAS DE ESAS P GINAS. LUEGO DE SENALAR QUE ES UNA EXPRESION CONSUMADA DEL FENOMENO DEL MESTIZAJE Y NO POCOS QUIENES LA CONSIDERAN LA M S REPRESENTATIVA DE LA MUSICA MEXICANA, C RDENAS REFIERE QUE LA PIEZA CUENTA CON SU PRIMERA VERSION, QUE DATA DE 2000, FUE COMPUESTA PARA UNA COMBINACION INSTRUMENTAL NO COMUN: PARA 2 VIOLONCHELOS SOLOS. ELLO PORQUE LA OBRA FUE ENCARGADA POR LOS 12 VIOLONCHELISTAS DE LA FILARMONICA DE BERLIN PARA LA PRODUCCION DISCOGR FICA QUE TAMBIEN INCLUIA SU PIEZA THE FLOWER IS A KEY (A RAP FOR MOZART). POR ACUERDO CON LA CASA DISQUERA SE INCLUYO SOLO ESTA ULTIMA EN LA PRODUCCION ROUND MIDNIGHT DE EMICLASSICS, Y HUAPANGOS, EN ESA VERSION, QUEDO ARCHIVADA. ANOS DESPUES COMPOSITOR PREPARO UNA NUEVA VERSION PARA ORQUESTA SINFONICA, QUE ES LA QUE SE ESCUCHAR  EN FESTIVAL INTERNACIONAL TAMAULIPAS. SERGIO C RDENAS AGREGO QUE ESTA OBRA CONTIENE ALGUNAS MELODIAS DE CORTE HUAPANGUERO DE SU AUTORIA, AUNQUE TAMBIEN CITA BREVES GIROS MELODICOS DE ALGUNOS DE LOS HUAPANGOS MEXICANOS M S CONOCIDOS O DE FUERTE ASOCIACION CON TAMAULIPAS Y CON MEXICO, COMO EL MIL AMORES, SON DE LA NEGRA, GUADALAJARA, EL BALAJU, CITADO POR MONCAYO EN SU HUAPANGO Y GIROS MELODICOS TIPICOS DE LA PICOTA DE SAN CARLOS.
A novel quasi-alignment-based method for discovering conserved regions in genetic sequences (2012)

This paper presents an alignment-free technique to efficiently discover similar regions in large sets of biological sequences using position sensitive p-mer frequency clustering. A set of sequences is broken down into segment and then a frequency distribution over all oligomers of size p (referred to as p-mers) is obtained to summarize each segment. These summaries are clustered while the order of segments in the set of sequences is preserved in a Markov-type model. Sequence segments within each cluster have very similar DNA/RNA patterns and form a so called quasi-alignment. This fact can be used for a variety of tasks such as species characterization and identification, phylogenetic analysis, functional analysis of sequences and, as in this paper, for discovering conserved regions. Our method is computationally more efficient than multiple sequences alignment since it can apply modern data stream clustering algorithms which run in time linear in the number of segments and thus can help discover highly similar regions across a large number of sequences efficiently. In this paper, we apply the approach to efficiently discover and visualize conserved regions in 16S rRNA.
Temperature compensated high Q and high thermal conductivity dielectrics for Ku and Ka band communications (2000)

Aluminium oxide is a favourable candidate for use as a dielectric resonator in Ku and Ka band microwave devices especially at high powers due to its very low tanδ~2×10-5 at 10 GHz, modest relative permittivity of 9.8 and high thermal conductivity of 30 W/mK. However, its temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency TCf of -60 ppm/K is rather high for practical purpose. The application of a film of titanium oxide which has an opposite sign TCf of +450 ppm/K onto an alumina puck, produces a composite in which the TCf can be tuned to be zero across a large temperature range. The tanδ of the composite at zero TCf is 3.3×10-5 (Qd=30,000) at room temperature and 10 GHz. (4 pages)
Ultrastructural Comparison of External Morphology of Immature Stages of Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia and Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae), Vectors of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, by Scanning Electron Microscopy (2007)

Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia (Lutz & Neiva 1912) and Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho 1939) (Diptera: Psychodidae) are vectors of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in several endemic regions of Brazil. We analyzed the external morphological aspects of the immature stages of these two vectors by using scanning electron microscopy. In general, the larval stages of the two species are morphologically similar, although some differences were noted. Detailed examination of the eggs of both species revealed similar exchorionic ornamentations of unconnected parallel ridges. The larval head capsules are well defined, heavily sclerotized, and bear prominent chewing mouthparts. The abdominal segments are easily recognized by the presence of prolegs on their ventral surfaces. The morphology of the anal lobe on the terminal abdominal segment differs between the two species. We found the following three types of sensillae inserted on the antennae: 1) clavate basiconic; 2) small, blunt coeloconic; and 3) multipourous clavate coleoconic. In addition; five subtypes of trichoid sensillae were found on the larval body: 1) long, 2) short, 3) curved long, 4) brush-like, and 5) weakly brush-like. The caudal filaments located on the last abdominal segment were recognized as long trichoid sensillae. We observed pores on the surface of the clavate coelonic sensillae and on the caudal filaments that presumably function as chemoreceptors. The larvae of the two species show similarities in the lobular-form antennae of L1 larvae, which changes to digitiform in second instar (L2), L3, and L4. This study demonstrated that the external surface of the eggs and larvae of Lu. intermedia and Lu. whitmani are morphologically similar, but they can be distinguished by details in the microanatomy observed by scanning electron microscopy.
Extending Foam Technology from Improved Oil Recovery to Environmental Remediation (2002)

Abstract In the petroleum industry, foams are used for improved oil recovery, reducing gas breakthrough to productions wells, and diverting acid in well-stimulation treatments. A substantial body of research on foam for these applications is extended here to the high-permeabilities and low pressures of environmental remediation, through both laboratory experiments and computer simulations based on the laboratory results. New data confirm that the two steady-state flow regimes identified by Alvarez et al. for petroleum applications exist under conditions relevant to groundwater remediation. The low-quality regime is strongly shear-thinning, in agreement with Alvarez et al. The high-quality regime is more sensitive to surfactant concentration than the low-quality regime, while the low-quality regime is more sensitive to permeability. Therefore, diversion between layers differing in permeability would be more effective in the high-permeability regime, while the low-quality regime has advantages for injectivity and liquid diversion. A foam simulator can be fitted to these steady-state foam data. Simulations indicate that foam can propagate without gravity segregation over long distances at an overall average pressure gradient of well under 1 psi/ft. Moreover, a simple correlation for gravity segregation developed for petroleum applications works well for aquifers overlain by a vadose zone, as long as the assumptions of that correlation (Newtonian rheology, incompressible flow) are satisfied. Local steady state would not be achieved in the field if pressure gradient were insufficient for foam generation, however. New results indicate that at moderate ∇p foam may exist in an unstable regime between strong and coarse foam.
The Influence of Viscous Flow Deformation on the Thermal Stability and Hardness of ZrCuAlNi Bulk Glassy Alloy (2007)

We investigated the thermal stability and hardness of a Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 bulk glassy alloy after isothermal viscous flow deformation in the supercooled liquid region. The influence of deformation temperature, holding time and initial strain rate on the thermal stability and hardness of a Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 bulk glassy alloy subjected to the high temperature compression test was examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and with a Vickers micro-hardness tester. The results showed that the incubation time for isothermal annealing crystallization reduced during the viscous flow deformation. Thermal stability of supercooled liquid decreased after viscous flow deformation. As the deformation temperature increased, the SCL region decreases. At lower temperatures below 713 K the structural relaxation occurred, resulting in a slight increase in hardness. The crystallization at higher temperatures of over 723 K caused a rapid increase in hardness. The supercooled liquid region decreased and the hardness increased with increasing deformation time. Higher strain rate resulted in larger deformation in the same deformation time, and had slight influence on the thermal stability and hardness of the Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 glassy alloy. When the Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 bulk glassy alloy was compressed for 300 s with an initial strain rate of 3.3×10−3 s−1 at the temperatures of 723 K, nanocrystallization occurred, and the grain size was evaluated to be smaller than 5 nm.
Self-frequency-shifted solitons in a polarization-maintaining, very-large-mode area, Er-doped fiber amplifier (2016)

We demonstrate soliton self-frequency-shifted, femtosecond-pulse amplification in a newly-developed, polarization-maintaining, Er-doped, very-large-mode-area fiber amplifier. The PM-VLMA Er fiber had a core diameter of 50 μm, an effective area of ~1050 μm<sup>2</sup>, and Er absorption of 50 dB/m. The measured birefringence beat length of the PM-VLMA Er fiber was 14.1 mm. The soliton wavelength could be shifted by more than 90 nm. The soliton generation process resulted in remarkably clean, 86 fs pulses with 21 nJ energy at 1650 nm and 244 kW peak power from an all-fiber, fusion spliced system without bulk-optics for pulse compression. The polarization extinction ratio of the soliton was greater than 40 dB, and the M<sup>2</sup> was 1.1. The fully polarization-maintaining fiber laser system provides robust and stable soliton generation. Peak-to-peak variation in the soliton wavelength, measured over the course of an hour was only 0.03% and pulse energy variation was only 0.5%.
CNN based central pattern generators with sensory feedback (2003)

In this paper the topic of including feedback from sensors in the central pattern generator (CPG) for a hexapod robot realized through cellular neural networks (CNNs) is addressed. An approach based on local bifurcation of the CNN cells constituting the sub-units of the CPG network is introduced, allowing control of the direction of the robot. Suitable control can be realized by changing the value of the bias of the CNN cells. Moreover, inspired by the idea of Braitenberg creatures, purely reactive control of the hexapod direction is illustrated with an example of a robot able to avoid obstacles.
Optical Conductivity Spectral Anomalies in the Off-Center Rattling Systemβ−Ba8Ga16Sn30 (2011)

We present optical conductivity studies of the type-I clathrate Ba8Ga16Sn30, using a terahertz time-domain spectrometer (0.3-3.0 THz). The lowest-lying spectral peak at 0.72 THz due to the Ba(2) ion's off-center vibration in the oversized cage shows a drastic and anomalous temperature dependence. Below about 100 K, the single broad peak splits into two subpeaks, and with further lowering of the temperature, the spectral shape of this so-called rattling phonon shows non-Boltzmann broadening to the point that the linewidth becomes comparable to the peak frequency. Whereas the initial splitting can be understood by assuming a multiwell anharmonic potential, the strong linewidth broadening toward low temperature cannot, since the Boltzmann factor generally sharpens the low-temperature spectra. The observed behavior suggests strong interaction between the local anharmonic phonons and other excitations.
Comutation of PIK3CA and TP53 in Residual Disease After Preoperative Anti-HER2 Therapy in ERBB2 (HER2)-Amplified Early Breast Cancer (2019)

HER2-amplified RD tissue after preoperative H, L, or H+L plus chemotherapy was enriched for <i>PIK3CA</i> and <i>TP53</i> comutations, and the RD tissue demonstrated activation of EGFR/AKT/mTOR signaling on RPPA.
Volume rendering of smoke propagation CFD data (2006)

The evacuation of buildings in the event of a fire requires careful planning of ventilation and evacuation routes during early architectural design stages. Different designs are evaluated by simulating smoke propagation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Visibility plays a decisive role in finding the nearest fire exit. This paper presents real-time volume rendering of transient smoke propagation conforming to standardized visibility distances. We visualize time dependent smoke particle concentration on unstructured tetrahedral meshes using a direct volume rendering approach. Due to the linear transfer function of the optical model commonly used in fire protection engineering, accurate pre-integration of diffuse color across tetrahedra can be carried out with a single 2D texture lookup. We reduce rounding errors during frame buffer blending by applying randomized dithering if high accuracy frame buffers are unavailable on the target platform. A simple absorption-based lighting model is evaluated in a preprocessing step using the same rendering approach. Back-illuminated exit signs are commonly used to indicate the escape route. As light emitting objects are visible further than reflective objects, the transfer function in front of illuminated exit signs must be adjusted with a deferred rendering pass.
Prospective Decision Analysis Study of Clinical Genomic Testing in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Impact on Outcomes and Patient Perceptions (2019)

In this prospective study, genomic profiling of tumors in patients with MBC frequently identified potential treatments and resulted in treatment change in a minority of patients. Patients whose therapy was not changed on the basis of genomic testing seemed to have a decrease in confidence of treatment success.
A Novel Validated UHPLC Method for the Estimation of Rosuvastatin and Its Complete Impurity Profile in Tablet Formulations (2023)

A key step in the development of medicinal products is the research and validation of selective and sensitive analytical methods for the control of impurities from synthesis and degradation. As most impurities are similar in structure to the drug substance, the achievement of chemo-selective conditions is usually challenging. Herein, a direct and highly selective ultra-high-performance liquid chromatographic method for determining the assay and related substances content in medicinal products containing rosuvastatin calcium salt (RSV) is presented. RSV is used to treat high cholesterol levels and prevent heart attacks and strokes. The most engaging feature of this method was the baseline separation of all organic related substances listed in the European Pharmacopoeia (EP) monograph for the RSV tablets, achieved for the first time in less than 15 min using the Acquity BEH C18 (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) column under reversed-phase isocratic conditions. The mobile phase adopted for the chemo-selective analysis does not contain buffers but instead contains trifluoroacetic as an acid additive. The chromatographic method was validated according to the guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) and proved to be linear, precise and accurate for determining the content of RSV and related chiral substances in tablet formulations.
The Adaptive Hough Transform (1987)

We introduce the Adaptive Hough Transform, AHT, as an efficient way of implementing the Hough Transform, HT, method for the detection of 2-D shapes. The AHT uses a small accumulator array and the idea of a flexible iterative "coarse to fine" accumulation and search strategy to identify significant peaks in the Hough parameter spaces. The method is substantially superior to the standard HT implementation in both storage and computational requirements. In this correspondence we illustrate the ideas of the AHT by tackling the problem of identifying linear and circular segments in images by searching for clusters of evidence in 2-D parameter spaces. We show that the method is robust to the addition of extraneous noise and can be used to analyze complex images containing more than one shape.