gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure–5‐HT/D2 Receptor Affinity Relationship in a New Group of 1‐Arylpiperazynylalkyl Derivatives of 8‐Dialkylamino‐3,7‐dimethyl‐1H‐purine‐2,6(3H,7H)‐dione (2016)

In our previous papers, we have reported that some 8-amino-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione derivatives possessed high affinity and displayed agonistic, partial agonistic, or antagonistic activity for serotonin 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> and dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptors. In order to examine further the influence of the substituent in the position 8 of the purine moiety and the influence of the xanthine core on the affinity for serotonin 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> , 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> , 5-HT<sub>6</sub> , 5-HT<sub>7</sub> , and dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptors, two series of 1-arylpiperazynylalkyl derivatives of 8-amino-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione were synthesized. All the final compounds were investigated in in vitro competition binding experiments for the serotonin 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> , 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> , 5-HT<sub>6</sub> , 5-HT<sub>7</sub> , and dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptors. The structure-affinity relationships for this group of compounds were discussed. For selected compounds, the functional assays for the 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> and D<sub>2</sub> receptors were carried out. The results of the assays indicated that these groups of derivatives possessed antagonistic activity for 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptors and agonistic, partial agonistic, or antagonistic activity for D<sub>2</sub> receptors. In total, 26 new compounds were synthesized, 20 of which were tested in in vitro binding experiments and 5 were tested in in vitro functional assays.
Novel Method for Enzymatic Synthesis of CMP-NeuAc (2001)

A novel method for synthesizing CMP-NeuAc was established. We first confirmed that the putative neuA gene of Haemophilus influenzae, identified by its whole genome sequence project, indeed encodes CMP-NeuAc synthetase (EC 2.7.7.43). The enzyme requires CTP as a cytidylyl donor for cytidylylation of NeuAc. The enzyme was coupled with an enzymatic CTP-generating system from CMP and inorganic polyphosphate as a sole phospho-donor driven by the combination of polyphosphate kinase and CMP kinase, where phosphorylation of CMP is done by the combined activity expressed by both enzymes, and subsequent phosphorylation of CDP by polyphosphate kinase itself occurred efficiently. When CMP-NeuAc synthetase of H. influenzae, polyphosphate kinase, and CMP kinase were added to the reaction mixture containing equimolar concentrations (15 mM) of CMP and NeuAc, and polyphosphate (150 mM in terms of phosphate), CMP-NeuAc was synthesized up to 10 mM in 67% yield.
Example‐Driven Deformations Based on Discrete Shells (2011)

Abstract Despite the huge progress made in interactive physics‐based mesh deformation, manipulating a geometrically complex mesh or posing a detailed character is still a tedious and time‐consuming task. Example‐driven methods significantly simplify the modelling process by incorporating structural or anatomical knowledge learned from example poses. However, these approaches yield counter‐intuitive, non‐physical results as soon as the shape space spanned by the example poses is left. In this paper, we propose a modelling framework that is both example‐driven and physics‐based and thereby overcomes the limitations of both approaches. Based on an extension of the discrete shell energy we derive mesh deformation and mesh interpolation techniques that can be seamlessly combined into a simple and flexible mesh‐based inverse kinematics system.
FoxO3a transcription factor differentially modulates the metastatic potential of ER+ and ER− breast tumors (2012)

FoxO3a (F3a) transcription factor has been reported to suppress estrogen(E2)‐dependent breast cancer cell growth and tumorigenesis through its functional interaction with the estrogen receptor α (ER). However, the role of this interplay in tumor metastasis is poorly defined and is the aim of the present study. To this purpose, F3a and its active form AAA, were over‐expressed both in ER+ and in ER− breast cancer cell lines. Our results show decreased migration and invasion of F3a/ER+ cells compared to control, paralleled by a strong upregulation of Caveolin‐1 (Cav‐1), the main constituent of caveolae that seems to function as a negative regulator of cell transformation and invasion in breast cancer, and a significant reduction of MMP‐13 mRNA. F3a mediated effects were more evident in AAA expressing cells and were emphasized by E2. On the other hand, in ER− cells, F3a and AAA increased cell migration and invasion with a concomitant induction of MMP‐13 transcripts, while no difference was observed in Cav‐1 levels. Since both Cav‐1 and MMP‐13 promoters bear Forkhead canonical motifs next to ER binding sequences, our hypothesis is that F3a exerts a protective role in ER+ breast cancers through F3a/ER mediated regulation of Cav‐1 and MMP‐13, while it could represent a bad prognostic factor in ER− breast tumors. Financial support has been provided by AIRC (Associazione Italiana Ricerca Cancro).
Sensing fabrication errors in diffraction gratings using high dynamic range imaging (2019)

We describe the design of a simple instrument for the identification and characterization of fabrication errors in diffraction gratings. The instrument uses an uncooled charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and a high dynamic range imaging process to detect the light scattered off a grating under test in the focal plane of a lens. We demonstrate that the instrument can achieve a dynamic range around nine orders of magnitude and we show that we are able to clearly identify small, periodic fabrication errors in two test gratings that could not be detected with microscopic techniques.
Therapy for antiphospholipid miscarriages: Throwing the baby out with the bathwater? (2017)

The association of LMWH and LDASA is the most effective therapeutic option for pregnant aPL-positive women. The lack of a clear demonstration of the pharmacological action of LMWH/LDASA should urge to further invtrestigate the pathophysiology of aPL-associated miscarriages.
Visual Identification of Articulated Object Parts (2021)

As autonomous robots interact and navigate around real-world environments such as homes, it is useful to reliably identify and manipulate articulated objects, such as doors and cabinets. Many prior works in object articulation identification require manipulation of the object, either by the robot or a human. While recent works have addressed predicting articulation types from visual observations alone, they often assume prior knowledge of category-level kinematic motion models or sequence of observations where the articulated parts are moving according to their kinematic constraints. In this work, we propose FormNet, a neural network that identifies the articulation mechanisms between pairs of object parts from a single frame of an RGB-D image and segmentation masks. The network is trained on 100k synthetic images of 149 articulated objects from 6 categories. Synthetic images are rendered via a photorealistic simulator with domain randomization. Our proposed model predicts motion residual flows of object parts, and these flows are used to determine the articulation type and parameters. The network achieves an articulation type classification accuracy of 82.5% on novel object instances in trained categories. Experiments also show how this method enables generalization to novel categories and can be applied to real-world images without fine-tuning.
The development of epithelial phenotypes in the human fetal and infant breast (1998)

In order to explain the molecular events that contribute to benign and malignant breast disease, it is essential to understand the cellular context in which these are occurring. This study describes a detailed analysis of the epithelial phenotypes in the human fetal and infant breast and provides a starting point for such consideration. Using methacarn-fixed, paraffin sections from ten fetal and 45 infant breast, immunostained with a panel of antibodies to cytoskeletal proteins and κ-casein, it has been possible to define in detail the chronological evolution of the major cell types in the human breast from 16 weeks of intrauterine life to 2 years of age, in both sexes. Cells at the tips of the lobular buds and terminal end buds have a characteristic cytoskeletal protein profile, suggesting that they may have the capacity to generate both basal cells and luminal cells. Based on the expression of cytoskeletal proteins in the developing fetal and infant breast, a model system has been proposed for mammary epithelial differentiation. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pathophysiology of bronchial smooth muscle remodelling in asthma (2010)

Whereas the role of bronchial smooth muscle remains controversial in healthy subjects its role is well established in asthmatics. Bronchial smooth muscle contraction induces airway narrowing. The smooth muscle also contributes to bronchial inflammation by secreting a range of inflammatory mediators, recruiting and activating inflammatory cells, such as mast cells or T-lymphocytes. In addition, bronchial smooth muscle mass is significantly increased in asthma. Such an increase has been related to a deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, and an increase in both cell size and number. However, the mechanisms of this smooth muscle remodelling are complex and not completely understood. The article will review recent data regarding the pathophysiology of bronchial smooth muscle remodelling in asthma.
Production of Microparticles by High-Pressure Homogenization (1998)

A high-pressure homogenization method for the production of aqueous suspensions of poly(D,L-lactide) and poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) was investigated. Depending on the production conditions it was possible to produce micro--as well as nanoparticulate systems without the use of organic solvents. The influence of different homogenization temperatures and different dispersion media on particle size and charge was investigated. Additionally, various polymer/surfactant ratios were investigated. Homogenization in phosphate buffer at temperatures above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymers resulted in wide particle size distributions with a high percentage of particles in the nanometer range. The effect of a second homogenization step at a temperature below Tg was examined at two different homogenization pressures. Additional homogenization cycles at 10 degrees C led to smaller particle size distributions and the average particle sizes were smaller. The stability of the particles was affected by the concentration of surfactant as well as by the zeta potential of the particles. Phosphate buffer kept the pH of the suspension in a range that provided a high surface charge of the particles because of deprotonization of the carboxylic functions of the polymer.
An Inverse Fire Modeling Methodology for the Determination of Fire Size, Fire Location, and Soot Deposition in a Compartment (2012)

Fire models are routinely used in life safety design projects and are being used more often in fire and arson investigations as well as reconstructions of firefighter line-of-duty deaths (LODDs) and injuries. In all of these applications, the fire heat release rate (HRR), location of a fire in a compartment, gas-phase soot concentration, and solid-phase soot accumulation are important parameters that govern the evolution of thermal conditions within the fire compartment. These input parameters can be a large source of uncertainty in fire models, especially in scenarios in which experimental data or detailed information on fire behavior are not available, such as fire investigations and LODD reconstructions. Various methods have been reported in literature to determine the size and location of a fire in a compartment using ceiling-mounted detectors [1–4]. A previous study by the authors developed an inverse fire modeling technique to determine the time-varying HRR of fire in a compartment using measured thermocouple data [5]. The work presented in this paper extends the inverse HRR methodology by developing a technique to determine the location of a fire using wall-mounted heat flux sensors or a surrogate such as degradation characteristics of enclosure boundaries that can be collected during post-fire assessments. Additionally, the presence of soot modifies the radiative transfer field in the hot gas layer (gas phase) as well as radiative heat transfer to surfaces (condensed phase). As a detailed history of compartment conditions becomes less available, there is a need for an inversion methodology to accurately recover governing input parameters such as fire size, fire location, and fire burning properties while maintaining an adequate level of accuracy. As an intermediate step using measured fire test data, we can begin to construct an approach to use rich data to invert for fire intensity, fire location, and fire properties such as the amount of soot produced by the fire.
Low‐frequency raman‐active modes in methoxy‐ended and hydroxy‐ended oligo(oxyethylene)s (1991)

Abstract Low‐frequency Raman spectra were recorded for α‐methyl, ω‐methoxy‐oligo(oxyethylene)s, C 1 E m C 1 with m in the range 4–25 (i.e., 15–78 atoms). Longitudinal acoustical mode (LAM‐1) frequencies were identified and compared with those determined previously for α‐hydro, ω‐hydroxy‐oligo (oxyethylene)s. Nonlinear relationships between LAM‐1 frequency and reciprocal chain length were explained as an effect of intermolecular end forces.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of primary liver cancer--MRI-pathologic correlation. (1986)

In seven primary liver cancers (HCC 5, CCC 1, mixed 1), MR images (0.35 Tesla super-conducting) were compared with macroscopic appearances, and relaxation times (T1 and T2) with microscopic characteristics. MRI was able to reveal the gross appearance of five nodular lesions, but did not reveal one diffuse HCC and one nodular HCC with marked extracapsular extension. T2-weighted SE images could not demonstrate fibrous capsules around the tumor in four nodular HCCs. The T1 and T2 values of the tumors were longer than those of the surrounding liver parenchyma, and the T1 elongation corresponded roughly to the degree of necrosis and fibrosis within the tumors.
Data from Abcc2 (Mrp2), Abcc3 (Mrp3), and Abcg2 (Bcrp1) are the main determinants for rapid elimination of methotrexate and its toxic metabolite 7-hydroxymethotrexate <i>in vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The multidrug transporters ABCC2, ABCC3, and ABCG2 can eliminate potentially toxic compounds from the body and have overlapping substrate specificities. To investigate the overlapping functions of Abcc2, Abcc3, and Abcg2 &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;, we generated and characterized &lt;i&gt;Abcc3;Abcg2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Abcc2;Abcc3;Abcg2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; mice. We subsequently analyzed the relative impact of these transport proteins on the pharmacokinetics of the anticancer drug methotrexate (MTX) and its main, toxic, metabolite 7-hydroxymethotrexate (7OH-MTX) after i.v. administration of MTX (50 mg/kg). Whereas in single and double knockout mice, the plasma and liver concentrations of MTX and 7OH-MTX decreased rapidly after MTX administration, in the &lt;i&gt;Abcc2;Abcc3;Abcg2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; mice, they remained very high. One hour after administration, 67% of the MTX dose was still present in livers of &lt;i&gt;Abcc2;Abcc3;Abcg2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; mice as MTX or 7OH-MTX versus 7% in wild-type, showing dramatic liver accumulation of these toxic compounds when Abcc2, Abcc3, and Abcg2 were all absent. Furthermore, the urinary and fecal excretion of the nephrotoxic metabolite 7OH-MTX were increased 27- and 7-fold, respectively, in &lt;i&gt;Abcc2;Abcc3;Abcg2&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt; mice. Thus, Abcc2, Abcc3, and Abcg2 together mediate the rapid elimination of MTX and 7OH-MTX after i.v. administration and can to a large extent compensate for each other's absence. This may explain why it is still comparatively safe to use a toxic drug such as MTX in the clinic, as the risk of highly increased toxicity due to dysfunctioning of ABCC2, ABCC3, or ABCG2 alone is limited. Nevertheless, cotreatment with possible inhibitors of ABCC2, ABCC3, and ABCG2 should be done with utmost caution when treating patients with methotrexate. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12):3350–9]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Mutations in the second-largest subunit of Drosophila RNA polymerase II interact with Ubx. (1992)

Abstract Specific mutations in the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RpII215) cause a partial transformation of a structure of the third thoracic segment, the capitellum, into the analogous structure of the second thoracic segment, the wing. This mutant phenotype is also caused by genetically reducing the cellular concentration of the transcription factor Ultrabithorax (Ubx). To recover mutations in the 140,000-D second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RpII140) and determine whether any can cause a mutant phenotype similar to Ubx we attempted to identify all recessive-lethal mutable loci in a 340-kilobase deletion including this and other loci. One of the 13 complementation groups in this region encodes RpII140. Three RpII140 alleles cause a transformation of capitellum to wing but unlike RpII215 alleles, only when the concentration of Ubx protein is reduced by mutations in Ubx.
Preparation and Reactions of 11-Substituted 1,3,5(10)-Estratrienes.1 I. 11-Oxygenated Estrones and Estradiols (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Reactions of 11-Substituted 1,3,5(10)-Estratrienes.1 I. 11-Oxygenated Estrones and EstradiolsBarney J. Magerlein and John A. HoggCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 9, 2220–2225Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01542a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01542a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views173Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of a new locus inListeria monocytogenesinvolved in cellobiose-dependent repression ofhlyexpression (1999)

Expression of the PrfA-controlled virulence gene hly (encoding the pore-forming cytolysin listeriolysin) is down-regulated by readily metabolized carbon sources in Listeria monocytogenes. We isolated a Tn917-insertional mutant of L. monocytogenes (strain LO28), which expressed a hemolytic phenotype in the presence of cellobiose. Using hly fusions to luxAluxB genes, we show that hly expression was derepressed in the presence of cellobiose at the transcriptional level. Surprisingly, hly expression was still repressed by glucose, as observed for the parental strain. Genetic analysis of the Tn917-flanking regions indicated that the transposon had inserted in a non-coding region located between two genes in opposite orientations. These two newly identified genes were designated orfA and mdrL. The insertion occurred immediately upstream of orfA, likely into its promoter region. Transcriptional analysis of orfA and mdrL revealed that Tn917 had abolished orfA expression whereas it had activated expression of mdrL. orfA encodes a putative protein of 176 amino acids homologous to YfiO of Bacillus subtilis (28% identity), a protein of unknown function. mdrL codes for a putative protein of 398 amino acids homologous to Bmr and Blt of B. subtilis (21-24% identity), two members of the multidrug resistance efflux pump family. Our results indicate that we have identified a new locus which plays a crucial role in the cellobiose-dependent repression of hly expression.
Protein kinase C isoforms: Mediators of reactive lipid metabolites in the development of insulin resistance (2010)

The role of protein kinase C (PKCs) isoforms in the regulation of glucose metabolism by insulin is complex, partly due to the large PKC family consisting of three sub-groups: conventional, novel and atypical. Activation of some conventional and novel PKCs in response to increased levels of diacylglycerol (DAG) have been shown to counteract insulin signalling. However, roles of atypical PKCs (aPKCs) remain poorly understood. aPKCs act as molecular switches by promoting or suppressing signalling pathways, in response to insulin or ceramides respectively. Understanding how DAG- and ceramide-activated PKCs impair insulin signalling would help to develop treatments to fight insulin resistance.
Power Consumption in Handheld Computers (2006)

While the computing requirements of mobile battery-powered systems in general are increasing, it is clear that advances in battery technology have not kept pace with the ever increasing energy demands of these devices. Researchers are exploring architectural, hardware, software and system level optimization techniques to minimize the overall energy consumption of these computers. An analysis of the power consumption behavior of these devices when running representative workloads will provide a critical and a needed insight that will assist designers in developing low power future generations devices. In this work, and in order to get a better understanding of the factors that affect power consumption in pocket PCs, a series of experiments were performed on pocket computers while being subjected to a variety of operational scenarios. Based on the analysis and observations made from these measurements we were able to relate the consumption behavior of the computer to some of its operational parameters
Dispirofluorene–Indenofluorene Derivatives as New Building Blocks for Blue Organic Electroluminescent Devices and Electroactive Polymers (2007)

A series of new dispiro[fluorene-9',6,9'',12-indeno[1,2b]fluorenes] (DSF-IFs) has been synthesised. These new building blocks for blue-light-emitting devices and electroactive polymers combine indenofluorene (IF) and spirobifluorene (SBF) properties. We report here our synthetic investigations towards these new structures and their thermal, structural, photophysical and electrochemical properties. These properties have been compared to those of IF and SBF. We also report the anodic oxidation of DSF-IFs that leads to the formation of non-soluble transparent three-dimensional polymers. The structural and electrochemical behaviour of these polymers has been studied. The first application of these building blocks as new blue-light-emitting materials in organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) is also reported.
Prediction error in iris suture fixated intraocular lenses and long‐term stability (2020)

Iris-suture fixation may require moderate lens power adjustment to compensate for prediction error, especially in eyes with higher axial length. Longer follow-up demonstrates that iris-suture fixation remains a viable technique, yet re-subluxations require routine monitoring of such eyes.