gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Competing reaction pathways in protonation reactions of a low-valent tungsten alkylidyne isocyanide complex: formation of nitrilium and aminoalkyne ligands (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCompeting reaction pathways in protonation reactions of a low-valent tungsten alkylidyne isocyanide complex: formation of nitrilium and aminoalkyne ligandsAndreas Mayr and Cecilia M. BastosCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 21, 7797–7799Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00177a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00177a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views157Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Inverse design of focused vector beams for mode excitation in optical nanoantennas (2022)

We propose a free-space, inverse design of nanostructure's effective mode-matching fields via a backward propagation of tightly focused vector beams to the pupil plane of an aplanatic system of high numerical aperture. First, we study the nanostructure's eigenmodes without considering any excitation fields and then extract the modal near fields in the focal plane. Each modal field is then taken as the desired focal field, the band-limited waves of which are backward propagated to the pupil plane via a reversal of the Richards--Wolf vector diffraction formula. The pupil fields can be designed to be genuinely paraxial by associating the longitudinal electric/magnetic field component with the radial one on the reference sphere. The inversely designed pupil field in turn is propagated forwardly into the focal region to generate the designed focal field, whose distribution over the nanostructure's surface is used to evaluate the overlap between the designed focal field and the modal fields, i.e., the modal expansion coefficients. Studies for a silicon nanodisk monomer, dimer, and tetramer demonstrate the ability of our inverse approach to design the necessary tightly focused vector field that can effectively and exclusively match a certain eigenmode of interest. Compared with the forward beam-shaping method, the inverse design approach tends to yield quantitatively more precise mode-matching field profiles. This work can have a significant impact on optical applications that rely on controllable and tunable mode excitation and light scattering.
Influence of surface treatment on the durability of stainless steel sheets bonded with epoxy (1992)

Fifteen different surface treatments were used to bond AISI 304 stainless steel. The objectives of the programme were to select treatments able to produce durable adhesive bonds and to contribute to the understanding of interface bonding phenomena and of phenomena responsible for debonding while ageing. Peel and sheer tests were carried out to assess the behaviour of the bonded joints at the initial state and after ageing. The test results indicate that only two treatments, sulphuric chromic acid anodization and nitric acid anodization, exhibit a high performance level after exposure to a moist environment. The chemical and physical properties of surfaces were determined. The surface morphology was observed with a scanning electron microscope, and chemical composition was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry. A correlation between bond durability, surface morphology, and oxide film composition was established.
InGaAs/GaAs quantum well lasers grown on exact GaP/Si (001) (2014)

InGaAs/GaAs strained quantum well lasers on both GaP and exact Si (001) via an epitaxial GaP/Si template are developed. Ridge lasers of length 1.2 mm and width 80 µm on GaP and GaP/Si templates show threshold current densities of 1.6 and 5.6 kA/cm 2 , respectively, in pulsed mode at room temperature. The emission wavelength of 1043 nm for lasers on GaP/Si was red shifted from 1030 nm for lasers on GaP and GaAs, due to the thermal mismatch with the Si substrate.
A high-speed and low-voltage associative co-processor with exact Hamming/Manhattan-distance estimation using word-parallel and hierarchical search architecture (2004)

A high-speed and low-voltage associative co-processor with exact Hamming or Manhattan distance estimation is presented. The word-parallel and hierarchical search architecture is achieved using a logic-in-memory digital implementation. In the bit-serial search architecture, it is important to shorten the search cycle time since the total search time generally increases in proportion to the bit length. The present hierarchical architecture achieves a high-speed operation with a large input number. Furthermore, it provides a result for the data close to the input with a fewer number of clocks. Therefore, it reduces the number of clocks required for nearest-match detection in practical use. The circuit implementation allows unlimited database capacity and achieves a low-voltage operation under 1.0 V for system-on-a-chip applications. The capacity scalability makes it easy to compute a function of Manhattan distance estimation using thermometer encoding. A 64-bit 32-word associative co-processor has been designed using a one-poly-Si five-metal 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS process and has been successfully tested. The measurement results show that the operation achieves a speed of 411.5 MHz at a supply voltage of 1.8 V. The worst-case search time is 158.0 ns for a 64-bit 32-word database. In a low-voltage operation, the operation speed achieves 40.0 MHz at a supply voltage of 0.75 V.
Relationship between wood porosity, wood density and methyl methacrylate impregnation rate (2008)

Abstract Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) was used to evaluate the impregnation mechanisms of wood by methyl methacrylate (MMA) through examining the changes in porosity, pore volume, pore size distribution and bulk density of solid wood before and after MMA impregnation. Porosities of MMA-impregnated (hardened) wood samples were lower than those of solid wood samples for six studied species, five hardwoods and one softwood. Densities of hardened wood were enhanced from 45 to 130% depending on the species. The pore volume available for mercury intrusion was shifted from pore d>0.1 µm for solid wood to pore d≤0.1 µm for hardened wood. A pore diameter of 0.1 µm was used as the transition point for MMA impregnation and the increased mercury penetration below this point was attributed to the MMA polymer pore structure. Porosity as an intrinsic property of wood appears to be the main determinant of impregnation rate and polymer retention, especially for porosity with pore diameter >0.1 µm. The results indicate that the MIP technique is an effective tool with which to study the impregnation process.
Antagonistic activities of Klp10A and Orbit regulate spindle length, bipolarity and function in vivo (2006)

The metaphase-spindle steady-state length occurs as spindle microtubules ;flux', incorporating new subunits at their plus ends, while simultaneously losing subunits from their minus ends. Orbit/Mast/CLASP is required for tubulin subunit addition at kinetochores, and several kinesins regulate spindle morphology and/or flux by serving as microtubule depolymerases. Here, we use RNA interference in S2 cells to examine the relationship between Orbit and the four predicted kinesin-type depolymerases encoded by the Drosophila genome (Klp10A, Klp59C, Klp59D and Klp67A). Single depletion of Orbit results in monopolar spindles, mitotic arrest and a subsequent increase in apoptotic cells. These phenotypes are rescued by co-depleting Klp10A but none of the other three depolymerases. Spindle bipolarity is restored by preventing the spindle collapse seen in cells that lack Orbit, leading to functional spindles that are similar to controls in shape and length. We conclude that Klp10A exclusively antagonises Orbit in the regulation of bipolar spindle formation and maintenance.
A GC-rich element confers epidermal growth factor responsiveness to transcription from the gastrin promoter. (1991)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha are important determinants of mucosal integrity in the gastrointestinal tract, and they act both directly and indirectly to prevent ulceration in the stomach. Consistent with this physiological role, EGF stimulates transcription of gastrin, a peptide hormone which regulates gastric acid secretion and mucosal growth. EGF stimulation of gastrin transcription is mediated by a GC-rich gastrin EGF response element (gERE) (GGGGCGGGGTGGGGGG) which lies between -54 and -68 in the human gastrin promoter. The gERE sequence also confers weaker responsiveness to phorbol ester stimulation. The gERE sequence differs from previously described EGF response elements. The gERE DNA sequence specifically interacts with a GH4 DNA-binding protein distinct from previously described transcription factors (Egr-1 and AP2) which bind GC-rich sequences and mediate transcriptional activation by growth factors. Furthermore, the gERE element does not bind the Sp1 transcription factor even though the gERE sequence contains a high-affinity Sp1-binding site (GGCGGG).
Rapid Emergency Pipeline Repairs Utilizing CFRP (2010)

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) has been utilized in strengthening structural elements for over 20 years. More recently, CFRP has been introduced as a repair alternative for failing pipe sections and joints as well as other emergency applications that afford a shortened construction schedule, minimal curing time and immediate return to service conditions and pressures. Studies have recently been performed at a university testing laboratory to determine the effectiveness of CFRP when used for emergency repairs. Column samples have been tested to failure without yielding the steel. The failed samples have then been repaired by patching the damaged concrete, injecting epoxy into the cracks and applying CFRP to strengthen the column. The repaired columns were then tested within 48 hours of the CFRP application to determine the effectiveness of the concrete patch, epoxy injection and CFRP repair under a shortened allowable cure schedule. The shortened schedule is intended to simulate an immediate recurrence of a large scale seismic event or other loading condition that would test the capacity of the element to determine if it is feasible to take an unserviceable element (column) and immediately return it to serviceability. In all cases, the CFRP repaired columns have performed as well or better than the original un-strengthened test specimen. This paper will use a recent emergency pipe repair to illustrate the benefits of utilizing the CFRP repair method in an effort to obtain a sound and timely emergency pipe repair.
Ischemic tolerance and lipid peroxidation in the brain (1998)

Using a modified method of focal ischemic preconditioning (FIP) followed by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), we studied the effects of ischemic tolerance on infarct volume. The FIP was achieved by obstructing the blood flow into the MCA using miniature clamps at two points simultaneously. The first point was proximal to its origin and the second was where it intersects the middle cerebral vein. In rats subjected to three short conditioning periods (3 x 3 min with 7 min reperfusion between occlusions), there were significant reductions in the infarct volume in the cerebral cortex induced by the subsequent MCAO in FIP-treated rats compared with sham-operated controls. This rapid FIP-induced ischemic tolerance to subsequent MCAO occurred within 1 day and lasted for 5 days. Tissue lipid peroxidation in the cortex was significantly reduced for up to 2 days after FIP. In contrast, lipid peroxidation increased rapidly after MCAO. A significant reduction in this increase was observed in FIP-treated rats, suggesting a correlation with the subsequent reduction in the infarct volume.
Dynamic Reluctance Mesh Modeling and Losses Evaluation of Permanent Magnet Traction Motor (2017)

In this paper, dynamic reluctance mesh model (DRM) combined with an improved iron losses prediction model are presented to provide fast and accurate way to evaluate the iron losses for permanent magnet (PM) motors with pulsewidth-modulated power supply. A DRM model for high-speed train PM traction motor is first built. The magnetic field distribution for one cycle is then obtained using the DRM method. An improved engineering model of iron losses prediction is applied. Finally, the simulation and testing results are presented to confirm that the proposed combined method is accurate and effective as the finite element method (FEM) model with much less time consumed.
Nanoimprint lithography of topology optimized photonic crystal devices (2006)

We demonstrate a nanoimprint process for fabrication of photonic crystal devices. The nanoimprint process, defining stamp patterns in a thin e-beam resist, yields improved pattern replication compared to direct e-beam writing of the devices.
Performance of WebRTC in the context of a decentralised storage solution (2015)

Distributed Hash Table-based storage solutions provide a secure means for the storage and retrieval of data. While DHTs present interesting features, specifically around their inherently decentralised nature, in contrast to most Internet services, they also experience a significant reduction in performance when the latency increases between two peers. The challenge of latency is a particular concern for mobile users, and those using cellular connections to the Internet, which typically encounter higher network latencies than users on fixed-line wired connections. This paper proposes that the challenge can be partially mitigated by using the DHT only once, for peer discovery, to coordinate the initiation of data transfer directly between two peers using WebRTC. This raises potential for the deployment of such techniques in the near future, on account of the widespread availability of WebRTC technology in modern Internet browsers, both on desktop and mobile platforms.
Mehr Wahl, mehr Qual? Zum Zusammenhang von Wahlbeteiligung und neuem Wahlrecht in Hamburg (2013)

ZParl Zeitschrift für Parlamentsfragen , Seite 264 - 275
Three-Dimensional Transient Heat Conduction Analysis with Non-Linear Boundary Conditions by Boundary Element Method (1985)

A computational method based on boundary element method (BEM) has been developed to analyze transient temperature distribution in a three-dimensional solid having non-linear boundary condition (for example boiling or thermal radiation). To obtain high numerical accuracy, the heat transfer coefficient which depends on the surface temperature was approximated as a linear combination of interpolation functions with respect to time and analytical time integration of the non-linear term included in boundary integral equation was made. To investigate feasibility of the present method, it was applied to calculations of the temperature distribution in an infinite flat plate cooled on one side. The heat transfer co-efficient of cooling surface was in proportion to n-th power of the surface temperature. Results are (1) the method has given a stable solution for non-linear boundary value problems such as conventional BEM could not solve, (2) it has given an accurate solution for large time increment except for first time step, and (3) an optimal relaxation factor decreases with strength of non-linearity of the heat transfer coefficient. Applying the method to thermal analysis of limiter and divertor plate installed in a fusion test facility and fusion reactor respectively, availability of the method has been confirmed.
A search for the mosaic block structure in polyethylene single crystals (1974)

Abstract A diffraction contrast study with the aid of an image intensifier was undertaken to obtain direct evidence for the existence of a mosaic block structure in polyethylene single crystals grown by self seeding under isothermal conditions. Dark‐field microscopy indicates that the crystals do not contain a mosaic block structure. High‐resolution electron diffraction confirms that the crystal is coherent (i.e., mosaic block‐free) over regions of several thousands of Angstroms. It is concluded that a mosaic structure on the scale of ∼300 Å does not exist in polyethylene single crystals grown under carefully controlled conditions from dilute solutions. Possible reasons for previous results that indicate the presence of a ∼300 Å mosaic block structure are discussed.
Metathese ungesättigter Fettsäureester – ein einfacher Zugang zu langkettigen Dicarbonsäuren (1992)

Abstract Langkettige, symmetrisch ungesättigte C 18 ‐, C 20 ‐ und C 26 ‐Dicarbonsäureester sind ausgehend von nativen Fettsäureestern durch Metathese nach einem Zwei‐Stufen‐Verfahren einfach zugänglich. In der ersten Stufe werden die ungesättigten Fettsäureester metathetisch mit Ethylen gespalten. Reiner Ölsäureester sowie die durch Umesterung von ölsäurereichem Sonnenblumenöl oder von Rapsöl mit Methanol erhältlichen Fettsäuremethylester liefern dabei 1‐Decen‐ und 9‐Decensäuremethylester. Aus Erucasäuremethylester werden 1‐Decen‐ und 13‐Tetradecensäuremethylester gebildet. Unter Verwendung eines neu entwickelten, hochaktiven Katalysatorsystems (B 2 O 3 ‐Re 2 O 7 /Al 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 + SnBu 4 ) werden Metatheseumsätze von 86 – 96% erzielt und die endständig ungesättigten Fettsäureester in Ausbeuten von 61 – 83% in reiner Form isoliert. In der zweiten Reaktionsstufe werden 9‐Decen‐ und 13‐Tetradecensäuremethylester sowie der durch Pyrolyse von Ricinolsäureester technisch erhältliche 10‐Undecensäuremethylester metathetisch unter Abspaltung von Ethylen zu 9‐Octadecen‐, 13‐Hexacosen‐ sowie 10‐Eicosendisäuredimethylester kondensiert. Bei Umsätzen von 89 – 99% werden die Dicarbonsäuredimethylester in Ausbeuten von 77 – 84% isoliert.
Towards Automated Analysis of Model-Driven Artifacts in Industry (2018)

Developing complex (sub)systems is a multi-disciplinary activity resulting in several, complementary models, possibly on different abstraction levels. The relations between all these models are usually loosely defined in terms of informal documents. It is not uncommon that only till the moment of integration at implementation level, shortcomings or misunderstanding between the different disciplines is revealed. In order to keep models consistent and to reason about multiple models, the relations between models have to be formalized. MultiDisciplinary System Engineering (MDSE) ecosystems provide a means for this. These ecosystems formalize the domain of interest using Domain Specific Languages (DSLs), and formalize the relations between models by means of automated model transformations. This enables consistency checking between domain and aspect models and facilitates multi-disciplinary analysis of the single (sub)system at hand. MDSE ecosystems provide the means to analyze a single (sub)system model. A set of models of different (sub)systems can be analyzed to derive best modeling practices and modeling patterns, and to measure whether a MDSE ecosystem fulfills its needs. The MDSE ecosystem itself can be instrumented to analyze how the MDSE ecosystem is used in practice. The evolution of models, DSLs and complete MDSE ecosystems is studied to identify and develop means that support evolution at minimal costs while maintaining high quality. In this paper, we present the anatomy of MDSE ecosystems with industrial examples, the ongoing work to enable the various types of analysis, each with their dedicated purpose. We conclude with a number of future research directions.
EEG Parameter Selection Reflecting the Characteristics of Internet Gaming Disorder While Playing League of Legends (2023)

Game playing is an accessible leisure activity. Recently, the World Health Organization officially included gaming disorder in the ICD-11, and studies using several bio-signals were conducted to quantitatively determine this. However, most EEG studies regarding internet gaming disorder (IGD) were conducted in the resting state, and the outcomes appeared to be too inconsistent to identify a general trend. Therefore, this study aimed to use a series of statistical processes with all the existing EEG parameters until the most effective ones to identify the difference between IGD subjects IGD and healthy subjects was determined. Thirty subjects were grouped into IGD (n = 15) and healthy (n = 15) subjects by using the Young's internet addition test (IAT) and the compulsive internet use scale (CIUS). EEG data for 16 channels were collected while the subjects played League of Legends. For the exhaustive search of parameters, 240 parameters were tested in terms of t-test, factor analysis, Pearson correlation, and finally logistic regression analysis. After a series of statistical processes, the parameters from Alpha, sensory motor rhythm (SMR), and MidBeta ranging from the Fp1, C3, C4, and O1 channels were found to be best indicators of IGD symptoms. The accuracy of diagnosis was computed as 63.5-73.1% before cross-validation. The most interesting finding of the study was the dynamics of EEG relative power in the 10-20 Hz band. This EEG crossing phenomenon between IGD and healthy subjects may explain why previous research showed inconsistent outcomes. The outcome of this study could be the referential guide for further investigation to quantitatively assess IGD symptoms.
“Molecular Basket” Sorbents for Separation of CO2 and H2S from Various Gas Streams (2009)

A new generation of "molecular basket" sorbents (MBS) has been developed by the optimum combination of the nanoporous material and CO(2)/H(2)S-philic polymer sorbent to increase the accessible sorption sites for CO(2) capture from flue gas (Postdecarbonization), and for CO(2) and H(2)S separation from the reduced gases, such as synthesis gas, reformate (Predecarbonization), natural gas, coal/biomass gasification gas, and biogas. The sorption capacity of 140 mg of CO(2)/g of sorb was achieved at 15 kPa CO(2) partial pressure, which shows superior performance in comparison with other known sorbents. In addition, an exceptional dependence of MBS sorption performance on temperature for CO(2) and H(2)S was found and discussed at a molecular level via the computational chemistry approach. On the basis of the fundamental understanding of MBS sorption characteristics, an innovative sorption process was proposed and demonstrated at the laboratory scale for removing and recovering CO(2) and H(2)S, respectively, from a model gas. The present study provides a new approach for development of the novel CO(2)/H(2)S sorbents and may have a major impact on the advance of science and technology for CO(2)/H(2)S capture and separation from various gases.
Clinical use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors: therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia and other cancers. (2000)

Since the initial discovery of tyrosine-specific protein kinases encoded by transforming viruses and their normal cellular homologues, there has been a great deal of interest in understanding their role in cancer and exploring their potential as therapeutic targets. Several approaches confirmed the