gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figures S1-S12 from Dll4 Blockade in Stromal Cells Mediates Antitumor Effects in Preclinical Models of Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1: Correlation of REGN421 serum concentrations and anti-HT1080 tumor activity Supplementary Figure S2: The potent anti-tumor activity of targeting Dll4 in ovarian xenograft models is dependent on blocking stromal Dll4 Supplementary Figure S3: Dll4 antibody REGN1035 treatment induces abnormal tumor vessels in ovarian cancer xenograft models Supplementary Figure S4: Dll4 expression in ovarian cancer xenograft models is restricted to the tumor vasculature Supplementary Figure S5: Notch receptor expression in ovarian cancer xenograft models Supplementary Figure S6: Notch signaling in TOV-112D cells is mediated predominantly by Notch1 Supplementary Figure S7: Combined blockade of Dll4 and VEGF reverses liver vascular changes induced by Dll4 blockade alone Supplementary Figure S8: Dll4 is expressed in the endothelium of adult heart and liver Supplementary Figure S9: Notch1 signaling activity in heart and liver is dependent on Dll4 Supplementary Figure S10: Pericyte coverage in ovarian xenograft tumors is unaltered in response to anti-Dll4 antibody treatment Supplementary Figure S11: Direct contact between endothelial and tumor cells in TOV-112D tumors Supplementary Figure S12: Direct contact between endothelial and tumor cells in A2780 tumors&lt;/p&gt;
Probing Ionic Liquid/Electrode Interfaces by Hyperspectral Imaging (2016)

Understanding the interface between ionic liquids (ILs) and electroactive surfaces is of great importance for a wide range of applications including batteries, capacitors, and sensors. In this work, we discuss analyses and characterization of the structure and dynamics of the electric double layer (EDL) by surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRA). In particular, we are interested in developing a high throughput imaging version of the SEIRA consisting of a quantum cascade laser coupled to a hyperspectral imaging camera detector. Rather than generating single spectra at a time for single experiments, hyperspectral imaging techniques can be utilized to both increase signal to noise for capturing rapid dynamics while multiplexing experiments simultaneously. We are particularly interested in IL systems which exhibit hysteresis at interfaces. That is, systems for which interfacial structure is dependent on past events. Here, we discuss several cases studies and some preliminary findings.
Sequenced Reactions with Samarium(II) Iodide. Domino Epoxide Ring-Opening/Ketyl Olefin Coupling Reactions (1997)

A new sequential reductive coupling process promoted by samarium(II) iodide is described. Cascade epoxide ring opening and ketyl radical olefin cyclization leads to a variety of cis-1,3-cyclopentanediols and cis-1,3-cyclohexanediols in good yields and with high diastereoselectivity.
In Vivo and in Vitro Studies of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes using near-IR Fluorescence (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Novel GPU implementation of Jacobi algorithm for Karhunen-Lo&#x00E8;ve transform of dense matrices (2012)

Jacobi algorithm for Karhunen-Loève transform of a symmetric real matrix, and its parallel implementation using chess tournament algorithm are revisited in this paper. Impact of memory access patterns and significance of memory coalescing on the performance of the GPU implementation for the parallel Jacobi algorithm are emphasized. Two novel memory access methods for the Jacobi algorithm are proposed. It is shown with simulation results that one of the proposed methods achieves 77.3% computational performance improvement over the traditional GPU methods, and it runs 73.5 times faster than CPU for a dense symmetric square matrix of size 1,024.
Density of States Estimation for Out-of-Distribution Detection (2020)

Perhaps surprisingly, recent studies have shown probabilistic model likelihoods have poor specificity for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection and often assign higher likelihoods to OOD data than in-distribution data. To ameliorate this issue we propose DoSE, the density of states estimator. Drawing on the statistical physics notion of ``density of states,'' the DoSE decision rule avoids direct comparison of model probabilities, and instead utilizes the ``probability of the model probability,'' or indeed the frequency of any reasonable statistic. The frequency is calculated using nonparametric density estimators (e.g., KDE and one-class SVM) which measure the typicality of various model statistics given the training data and from which we can flag test points with low typicality as anomalous. Unlike many other methods, DoSE requires neither labeled data nor OOD examples. DoSE is modular and can be trivially applied to any existing, trained model. We demonstrate DoSE's state-of-the-art performance against other unsupervised OOD detectors on previously established ``hard'' benchmarks.
Computer-Aided Synthesis of the Optimum Refractive-Index Profile for a Multimode Fiber (1977)

In a multimode optical fiber, the so-called multimode dispersion (mode-delay difference) is the principal cause that widens the transmitted pulse. The multimode dispersion can be controlled by the refractive-index profile. However, the optimum profile that minimizes the multimode dispersion has not yet been determined. This paper describes the computer-aided trial-and-error synthesis of the optimum refractive-index profile. It is shown that the group delay is reduced to about 10/sup -3/ times the value obtained with the uniform core fiber, to about 10 ps/km. This value is comparable to the material dispersion obtained with an ordinary fused-silica fiber and a typical semiconductor laser. It is also shown that the optimum profile is a smoothed W-shaped one.
Multiple Attribute Authorities Attribute-Based Designated Confirmer Signature Scheme with Unified Verification (2015)

In this paper, we first propose a notion of multiple authorities attribute-based designated confirmer signature scheme with unified verification. In a multiple authorities attribute-based designated confirmer signature scheme with unified verification, both the signer and the designated confirmer can run the same protocols to confirm a valid signature or disavow an invalid signature. Then, we construct a multiple authorities attribute-based designated confirmer signature scheme with unified verification. Finally, we prove the correctness and security of the proposed scheme.
Cycle Aging Effect on the Open Circuit Voltage of Lithium-Ion Battery (2023)

Nowadays, the issues concerning green mobility and energy production are leading researchers to study novel energy storage systems. Among them, lithiumion batteries are currently one of the most popular technologies under study. Battery modeling and parameter estimation are important challenges to build reliable battery management systems able to allow the battery to work in proper conditions. State of charge (SOC) estimation is one of the most important for predicting the current battery available energy. Many methods to estimate the SOC need knowledge of the open circuit voltage (OCV) curve. In the literature, it is possible to find a lot of OCV models as a function of SOC. Another important aspect is how these curves change as a function of battery degradation. Some studies deal with the correction of the OCV-SOC curve considering the aging, but the dependency of the OCV curve as a function of the exchanged absolute charge on aging seems to be lacking. In the present work, a simple model of the OCV-charge curve that considers the cycle aging is proposed and analyzed. An experimental campaign was carried out to validate the proposed model.
QnAMaker: Data to Bot in 2 Minutes (2020)

Having a bot for seamless conversations is a much-desired feature that products and services today seek for their websites and mobile apps. These bots help reduce traffic received by human support significantly by handling frequent and directly answerable known questions. Many such services have huge reference documents such as FAQ pages, which makes it hard for users to browse through this data. A conversation layer over such raw data can lower traffic to human support by a great margin. We demonstrate QnAMaker, a service that creates a conversational layer over semi-structured data such as FAQ pages, product manuals, and support documents. QnAMaker is the popular choice for Extraction and Question-Answering as a service and is used by over 15,000 bots in production. It is also used by search interfaces and not just bots.
Vitamin B1 Blocks Damage Caused by Hyperglycemia (2003)

Diabetes accelerates the aging process and leads to complications that include blindness, renal failure, nerve damage, stroke, and cardiovascular disease. It has been hypothesized that high plasma glucose concentrations are responsible for increased mitochondrial free radical production and subsequent inactivation of glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in vascular endothelial cells and other cells implicated in these complications. As a result of the decreased ability of GAPDH to process upstream metabolites, three pathways of metabolic damage are activated, which include the advanced glycation end-product formation pathway, the protein kinase C pathway, and the hexosamine pathway. All three pathways have been implicated in abnormal cell signaling in diabetes. A group of German and U.S. scientists has now found that treating diabetic rats with high doses of benfotiamine, a lipid-soluble form of vitamin B1, can prevent diabetic retinopathy and all three forms of metabolic damage by stimulating transketolase activity and thus diverting excess metabolites toward the pentose pathway. Although vitamin B1 is available over the counter, the researchers at this time do not advocate self-treatment without further clinical data.
Evaluation of Salmonella-Lytic Properties of Bacteriophages Isolated from Commercial Broiler Houses (2008)

Because of recent interest in bacteriophage therapy in poultry, information regarding the interaction of bacteriophages and potential host bacteria in the environment should be collected. The present studies were initiated with a rather typical commercial broiler integrator within the south-central United States to examine environmental Salmonella levels in two broiler complexes, attempt to isolate Salmonella-lytic bacteriophages, and elucidate a possible reason for differing apparent Salmonella prevalence. Significantly (P < 0.05) less Salmonella was isolated from houses in complex 1 (15/44 [34%] Salmonella-positive drag swabs) as compared to houses in complex 2 (22/24 [92%]). A total of seven Salmonella-lytic bacteriophages were isolated from Salmonella-positive environments, and two bacteriophages were isolated from a single Salmonella-negative house. During the initial bacteriophage isolation, individual bacteriophages did not replicate in the Salmonella host isolated from the same environment, and lysis of additional Salmonella hosts relied on high numbers of bacteriophage to be present. This suggests that the presence of these bacteriophages in the environment of a commercial broiler house had little to no effect on the presence of Salmonella. This study highlights the need to find additional bacteriophage sources, more effective isolation methods, and more innovative approaches to using bacteriophages to treat enteric disease.
Data-flow Distribution in FICAS Service Composition Infrastructure (2002)

This paper presents FICAS, a distributed data-flow infrastructure for composing software services into megaservices. We discuss the basic features of FICAS that enable the distribution of data-flows within megaservices. An autonomous service access protocol, ASAP, is defined to enforce the explicit separation of control-flows from dataflows of software services. We illustrate the procedure to construct and optimize megaservice execution plans that form distributed data-flows among collaborating services. The megaservice performance under FICAS is evaluated and compared with that under the centralized data-flow infrastructures. FICAS enhances the megaservice performance and is especially suitable for large-scale service composition.
Diminished satellite cells and elevated adipogenic gene expression in muscle as caused by ovariectomy are averted by low-magnitude mechanical signals (2015)

Age-related degeneration of the musculoskeletal system, accelerated by menopause, is further complicated by increased systemic and muscular adiposity. The purpose of this study was to identify at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels the impact of ovariectomy on adiposity and satellite cell populations in mice and whether mechanical signals could influence any outcomes. Eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were ovariectomized, with one half subjected to low-intensity vibration (LIV; 0.3 g/90 Hz, 15 min/day, 5 day/wk; n = 10) for 6 wk and the others sham vibrated (OVX; n = 10). Data are compared with age-matched, intact controls (AC; n = 10). In vivo μCT analysis showed that OVX mice gained 43% total (P < 0.001) and 125% visceral adiposity (P < 0.001) compared with their baseline after 6 wk, whereas LIV gained only 21% total (P = 0.01) and 70% visceral adiposity (P < 0.01). Relative to AC, expression of adipogenic genes (PPARγ, FABP4, PPARδ, and FoxO1) was upregulated in OVX muscle (P < 0.05), whereas LIV reduced these levels (P < 0.05). Adipogenic gene expression was inversely related to the percentage of total and reserve satellite cell populations in the muscle, with both declining in OVX compared with AC (-21 and -28%, respectively, P < 0.01). LIV mitigated these declines (-11 and -17%, respectively). These results provide further evidence of the negative consequences of estrogen depletion and demonstrate that mechanical signals have the potential to interrupt subsequent adipogenic gene expression and satellite cell suppression, emphasizing the importance of physical signals in protecting musculoskeletal integrity and slowing the fat phenotype.
N-Acetylaspartylglutamate: possible role as the neurotransmitter of the lateral olfactory tract. (1985)

N-Acetylaspartylglutamate, an endogenous brain peptide that binds with high affinity to a subpopulation of glutamate-binding sites in rat brain, is excitatory on rat piriform cortex pyramidal cells studied in a perfused brain slice. Both the monosynaptic excitation of the pyramidal cells elicited by stimulation of the lateral olfactory tract and the response to N-acetylaspartylglutamate were blocked by DL-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate but not by other excitatory amino acid antagonists. Responses to glutamate and aspartate, previously considered to be candidates as the lateral olfactory tract transmitter, were unaffected by 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate. Three days after unilateral bulbectomy there was a significant decrease in concentrations of N-acetylaspartylglutamate as well as aspartate, N-acetylaspartate, and gamma-aminobutyrate in the pyriform cortex of the side from which the olfactory bulb had been removed. These results are consistent with the possibility that N-acetylaspartylglutamate is the endogenous transmitter of the lateral olfactory tract.
Modeling of power fluctuations induced by refractive turbulence in a multiple-beam ground-to-satellite optical uplink (2005)

As a support for the experimental activities related to the operation of bi-directional optical links between the European Space Agency (ESA) ARTEMIS geostationary satellite and the Optical Ground Station (OGS) in Teide Observatory (Tenerife island, Canary Islands, Spain), carried out by ESA and Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), calculations on the behavior of a multi-beam ground-to-satellite link have been performed. The goal is to assess the impact of refractive turbulence on the uplink (deemed to be more critical than the downlink because of beam-wander effects) and the mitigation effect on the power fluctuations in the satellite receiver achievable with such a space diversity approach, that involves several mutually time-incoherent beams in the uplink. Results from the multiple-beam uplink model and comparison with experiments are presented.
Superficial temporal-middle cerebral artery bypass: clinical pre- and postoperative angiographic correlation (1988)

Between 1974 and 1982, an anastomosis between a pedicle of the superficial temporal artery (STA) and a cortical branch of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) was performed in 163 carotid systems in 157 patients for internal carotid artery occlusion in whom postoperative angiograms were available for analysis. The angiographic opacification of the arterial system was correlated with the patient's preoperative neurological function and stroke in the follow-up period. From this analysis, the following observations were made: 1) 96% of bypasses were patent; 2) 80% of bypasses achieved a high or medium MCA filling score; 3) there was hypertrophy of the STA in 70% of the cases; 4) greater bypass filling occurred in hemispheres with nonvisualized preoperative collateral circulation than in those with readily visualized collateral flow; 5) a meaningful correlation between angiographically assessed postoperative bypass function and stroke rate was not possible because only four patients suffered an ipsilateral hemispheric stroke in the 8-year follow-up period; and 6) patients who were neurologically unstable before the procedure were at greatest risk for a stroke in the follow-up period. It is apparent that objective analysis of the effectiveness of an STA-MCA bypass, or any other form of extracranial bypass, must await the development of new diagnostic studies in which high-resolution three-dimensional quantification of cerebral blood flow is possible. These studies will necessarily be correlated with preoperative and follow-up clinical data.
An online learning approach to dynamic pricing for demand response (2014)

In this paper, the problem of optimal dynamic pricing for retail electricity with an unknown demand model is considered. Under the day-ahead dynamic pricing (a.k.a. real time pricing) mechanism, a retailer obtains electricity in a twosettlement wholesale market and serves its customers in real time. Without knowledge on the aggregated demand function of its customers, the retailer aims to maximize its retail surplus by sequentially adjusting its price based on the behavior of its customers in the past. An online learning algorithm, referred to as piecewise linear stochastic approximation (PWLSA), is proposed. It is shown that PWLSA achieves the optimal rate of learning defined by the growth rate of cumulative regret. In particular, the regret of PWLSA is shown to grow logarithmically with respect to the learning horizon, and no other on-line learning algorithm can have the growth rate slower than that of PWLSA. Simulation studies are presented using traces of actual day-ahead prices, and PWLSA compares favorably under both static and dynamically changing parameters.
Energy Efficient Signal Detection in Sensor Networks Using Ordered Transmissions (2008)

Signal detection is one application for which dedicated sensor networks have been proposed. Joint signal processing and communication design of such networks has been of great interest recently. We consider new approaches where transmissions can be ordered and halted when sufficient evidence is accumulated. We demonstrate that these approaches require, on average, fewer sensor transmissions and that the savings can be significant in cases of interest. We describe a highly efficient approach which saves transmissions over either the optimum unconstrained energy approach or censoring while achieving the same error probability as these approaches. The average number of transmissions saved (ANTS) is lower bounded by a quantity proportional to the number of sensors employed provided a well-behaved distance measure between the sensor distributions is sufficiently large. For such cases, the ANTS over the optimum unconstrained energy approach is shown to be larger than half the number of sensors employed. Numerical results for a mean-shift hypothesis testing problem with Gaussian noise show significant savings even for smaller values of the distance measure.
Die Acylierung primärer Alkohole mit Dialkyl‐aminoäthanol‐Esterbasen (1965)

Abstract Dialkyl‐aminoäthanol‐Esterbasen können zur Acylierung primärer Alkohole verwendet werden. Da hier tertiäres Amin und umzusetzende Estergruppe covalent miteinander verbunden sind, kommt es bei Verwendung der Esterbasen als basische Katalysatoren der eigenen Alkoholyse zu einer katalytischen Kettenreaktion. In wasserfreien und wäßrigen Medien werden eine Reihe von neuen Estern, insbesondere Ester der Hydroxyalkyl‐xanthine, synthetisiert.
Genetic and Biochemical Tools for Investigating Sirtuin Function in Drosophila melanogaster (2013)

Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most widely used genetic model systems in biology. The ease of working in an invertebrate model system allows the design and execution of many experiments that would be infeasible in a vertebrate model. Although the strength of the fly as a model system lies primarily in the ease of genetic manipulation, it is flexible enough that biochemical and proteomic approaches can also be used to build a more comprehensive study. Here we present a pair of complementary protocols that we have used to examine sirtuin biology in Drosophila. First, we describe our protocol for measuring lifespan in flies expressing a gene of interest under the inducible control of the Gene-Switch system. Finally, we describe a method for performing chromatin immunoprecipitation on adult flies, including some of the difficulties associated with using this technique in chitinous tissue.
030 Effects of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Growth and Reproduction in Gilts Farrowed By Sows Fed Diets Rich in Omega-3 Fatty Acids (2016)

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of menhaden oil (MO), a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, on growth and puberty onset in gilts farrowed by sows fed diets also containing MO. Yorkshire × Landrace sows (n = 44) received: 1) control gestation and lactation diets, or 2) diets that included 4% MO (Virginia prime; Omega Protein, Inc., Houston, TX). Control and MO diets were isocaloric and isolysinic. At weaning, 84 gilts farrowed by control or MO sows were placed in pens of three gilts each and provided ad libitum nursery and then grow-finish control or 4% MO diets. After grow-finish, gilts received daily boar exposure and were sacrificed 8 to 11 d after puberty onset for reproductive tract evaluation. Nursery, grow-finish and overall ADG, ADFI and Feed:Gain (F:G) were similar (P > 0.21) for gilts farrowed by control or MO sows. Nursery, grow-finish, and overall ADG were also similar (P > 0.24) for gilts fed control or MO diets. Compared to controls, however, gilts fed MO diets tended to consume less feed in the nursery (1.18 ± 0.08 vs. 0.98 ± 0.08 kg; P = 0.09) and overall (1.83 ± 0.04 vs. 1.72 ± 0.04 kg; P = 0.06). Thus, overall F:G was greater (2.52 ± 0.03 vs. 2.33 ± 0.03; P < 0.01), and nursery (2.12 ± 0.04 vs. 1.80 ± 0.14; P = 0.10) and grow-finish (3.07 ± 0.19 vs. 2.58 ± 0.19; P = 0.08) F:G tended to be greater, for control compared with MO gilts. Age at puberty was greater (P = 0.02) for gilts farrowed by MO sows (205.1 ± 3.2 d) compared to gilts farrowed by controls (193.9 ± 3.2 d). Age at puberty tended to be greater (P = 0.09), however, for control gilts (203.5 ± 3.2 d) compared to gilts fed MO (195.5 ± 3.2 d). Ovulation rate was greater (P = 0.03) for gilts farrowed by controls (14.9 ± 0.7) compared to gilts farrowed by MO sows (12.6 ± 0.7). In summary, feeding gilts MO diets enhanced feed conversion efficiency and hastened puberty onset. In contrast, puberty was delayed and ovulation rate decreased in gilts farrowed by sows that consumed MO during gestation and lactation.
Ventricular arrhythmia during automated lead testing: What is the mechanism? (2022)

Peer reviewed