gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of bioactive oxysterols in newborn mouse brain by LC/MS (2012)

Unesterified cholesterol is a major component of plasma membranes. In the brain of the adult, it is mostly found in myelin sheaths, where it plays a major architectural role. In the newborn mouse, little myelination of neurons has occurred, and much of this sterol comprises a metabolically active pool. In the current study, we have accessed this metabolically active pool and, using LC/MS, have identified cholesterol precursors and metabolites. Although desmosterol and 24S-hydroxycholesterol represent the major precursor and metabolite, respectively, other steroids, including the oxysterols 22-oxocholesterol, 22R-hydroxycholesterol, 20R,22R-dihydroxycholesterol, and the C(21)-neurosteroid progesterone, were identified. 24S,25-epoxycholesterol formed in parallel to cholesterol was also found to be a major sterol in newborn brain. Like 24S- and 22R-hydroxycholesterols, and also desmosterol, 24S,25-epoxycholesterol is a ligand to the liver X receptors, which are expressed in brain. The desmosterol metabolites (24Z),26-, (24E),26-, and 7α-hydroxydesmosterol were identified in brain for the first time.
Water-Soluble Polypeptides at Aqueous Interface Produce Extensible Silk-Like Fiber (2002)

A silk-like extensible poly(α,L-amino acid) fiber is created by self-assembly of poly(α,L-lysine) and poly(α,L-glutamic acid) at their aqueous solutions' interface. Distinguishing features of the PLL/PLG fiber are the high extensibility and good stretch. Stretching after spinning changes this fiber to a rigid and strong one. The concept and the poly(α,L-amino acid) fibers themselves open doors for the production of new protein fibers which are more silk- and wool-like.
Hypothyroidism minimizes liver damage and improves survival in rats with thioacetamide induced fulminant hepatic failure (1998)

Recent data from animal studies suggest that induced hypothyroidism prevents the hyperdynamic circulation in portal vein ligated rats, liver cirrhosis in rats chronically treated with thioacetamide (TAA), and immune-mediated acute liver injury induced in mice by concanavalin A. Therefore, the aim of this present study is to determine whether hypothyroidism would likewise prevent fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in rats. FHF was induced by 3 consecutive ip injections of TAA (400 mg/kg) at 24-hour intervals. Hypothyroidism was induced in rats by either methimazole (MMI) or propylthiouracil (PTU) and surgical thyroidectomy and was confirmed by elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels. Serum levels of liver enzymes, blood ammonia, and prothrombin time were significantly lower in all 3 groups of hypothyroid rats. The stage of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and the survival rates were significantly improved in the hypothyroid rats (P < .01); the histologic examination of their livers showed less necrosis and inflammation (P < .01). In the hypothyroid rats, the serum levels of malondialdehyde 48 hours after thioacetamide (TAA) administration were lower than in control rats (P < .01). Exogenous supplementation of hypothyroid rats with L-thyroxine started 48 hours before TAA administration abrogated the protective effects of hypothyroidism. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL) 2 and IL-6 after 24 hours were slightly lower in the hypothyroid rats, but the administration of soluble receptor of TNF (10-1,000 microg/rat) did not prevent the induction of fulminant liver failure by TAA. Oxygen extraction, studied in isolated perfused liver preparation, was significantly lower in livers of hypothyroid rats (P < .01). These results suggest that induced hypothyroidism decreases the development of liver injury in a rat model of FHF. The mechanism may involve diminished oxidative cell injury caused by decreased oxygen utilization and hypometabolism associated with hypothyroidism.
[Prognostic value of the Lauren and Ming classifications in gastric adenocarcinoma. Multidimensional analysis]. (1988)

Of the various pathology classifications for gastric carcinoma, those of Lauren and of Ming have been claimed to be of prognostic value. We therefore reviewed the charts of 101 patients (mean age 64 +/- 11 years) treated for gastric carcinoma between 1960 and 1983 at the Institut Curie. We excluded the following patients: 1) those with distant metastases; 2) those who were not operated on; 3) those who underwent laparotomy only, and 4) those who had a palliative procedure. The type of surgery performed was partial gastrectomy in 73 cases and total gastrectomy in 28. Pathology was reviewed according to the WHO, Lauren, and Ming classifications. Were taken into consideration: 1) whether the surgeon believed that removal of tumor was grossly complete or not, 2) the degree of parietal involvement according the pTNM classification system, and 3) the number of positive lymph nodes. Survival was analyzed by the Kaplan Meier method after exclusion of all postoperative deaths. Mean overall survival was 30 months, while that for patients undergoing grossly complete removal of tumor was 34 months. In univariate analysis, no correlation was found between survival and pathology according to Lauren's or Ming's classifications, sex, parietal involvement, or age. Survival was statistically correlated with the size of the tumor (p = 0.015), the gross completeness of surgery (p = 0.008), the type of surgery performed (prognosis was better after partial gastrectomy than after total gastrectomy) and the number of positive lymph nodes (p = 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Clinical course and prognosis of non‐secretory multiple myeloma (2014)

Non-secretory myeloma is an uncommon subtype of multiple myeloma. In the last decade, there has been an improvement in the survival of non-secretory myeloma and appears superior to secretory myeloma.
Entropía: arte y ciencia (2010)

Robust modeling of CNS transport integrates molecular fluxes at the microvascular blood-brain barrier and epithelial choroid plexus blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier. Normal activity of solute transporters, channels and aquaporins, in the cerebral endothelium and choroidal epithelium, sets the microenvironment composition for neurons and glia. Conversely, perturbed transport/permeability at the barrier interfaces causes interstitial fluid dyshomeostasis (e.g. edema) arising in neural disorders. Critically-important transependymal solute/water distribution between brain and CSF needs more attention. This treatise encourages procuring transport data simultaneously for blood-brain barrier, blood-CSF barrier and CSF. In situ perfusion and multicompartmental analyses (tracers, microdialysis) provide dynamic assessments of molecular transfer among various CNS regions. Diffusion, active transport and convection are distorted by disease- and age-associated alterations in barrier permeability and CSF turnover (sink action). Clinical complications result from suboptimal conveyance of micronutrients (folate), catabolites (β-amyloid) and therapeutic agents (antibiotics) within the CNS. Neurorestorative therapies for stroke, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis and brain tumors are facilitated by insight on molecular and cellular trafficking through the choroid plexus-CSF nexus. Knowledge is needed about fluxes of growth factors, neurotrophins, hormones and leukocytes from ventricular CSF into the hippocampus, subventricular zone and hypothalamus. CSF and brain removal of potentially toxic catabolites and neuropeptides merits further investigation to manage the degeneration of Alzheimer's disease and normal pressure hydrocephalus. Novel therapies will rely on delineating peptide and drug distributions across the blood-brain barrier and choroid plexus-CSF, and how they modulate the intervening neural-glial networks and neurogenic sites. Multicompartmental transport modeling is key to devising specific pharmacologic targeting and thus impactful CSF translational research for CNS disorders.
Mechanical performance tailoring of tough ultra-high porosity foams prepared from cellulose I nanofiber suspensions (2010)

Low-density structures of mechanical function in plants, arthropods and other organisms, are often based on high-strength cellulose or chitin nanofibers and show an interesting combination of flexibility and toughness. Here, a series of plant-inspired tough and mechanically very robust cellular biopolymer foams with porosities as high as 99.5% (porosity range 93.1–99.5%) were therefore prepared by solvent-free freeze-drying from cellulose I wood nanofiber water suspensions. A wide range of mechanical properties was obtained by controlling density and nanofiber interaction in the foams, and density–property relationships were modeled and compared with those for inorganic aerogels. Inspired by cellulose–xyloglucan (XG) interaction in plant cell walls, XG was added during preparation of the toughest foams. For the cellulose–XG nanocomposite foams in particular, the mechanical properties at comparable densities were superior to those reported in the literature for clay aerogel/cellulose whisker nanocomposites, epoxy/clay aerogels, polymer/clay/nanotube aerogels, and polymer/silica aerogels. The foam structure was characterized by high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy and the specific surface area was measured by nitrogen physisorption. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and uniaxial compression tests were performed. The foam was thermally stable up to 275 °C where cellulose started to degrade.
Experimental model identification of liquid-circular angular accelerometer using subspace method (2016)

In this paper, the model of a novel liquid-circular angular accelerometer is studied. Due to the absence of theoretical model of liquid-circular angular accelerometer, a subspace identification method(SIM) based on Akaike Information Criterion(AIC) is chosen for model identification of angular accelerometer. The proposed identification method is tested on a liquid-circular angular accelerometer prototype. The experimental results indicate that SIM could obtain a more accurate model than least square method, with a degree of fitting above 90%. In addition, SIM possesses good repeatability and stability. The experimental model identified by SIM in this paper can be applied in engineering practice.
Catfish Virus (Ictalurid Herpesvirus 1) Temporal Gene Regulation of the Channel (2013)

To identify promoter regions that impart differential temporal regulation of channel catﬁsh virus (CCV)genes, the transcriptional kinetics of an immediate-early gene and prospective early and late genes were char-acterized. A cDNA clone, designated IE3C, representing a third immediate-early transcript was identiﬁed. The5
Evaluation of RyR2 inhibitors as anti-arrhythmic drugs using novel CPVT model mice (2022)

Mutations in type 2 ryanodine receptor (RyR2), a Ca2+ release channel on the sarcoplasmic reticulum, are known to cause ventricular arrhythmias such as catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). Because conventional anti-arrhythmic drugs sometimes fail to stop arrhythmias in CPVT patients, development of new antiarrhythmic agents that directly target RyR2 is desired. Recently we have screened a well-characterized chemical compound library and found 2 compounds with RyR2 inhibitory action, riluzole and chloroxylenol. In this study, we aimed to verify the anti-arrhythmic effects of these RyR2 inhibitors using a novel CPVT mouse model (RyR2-I4093V) which was established by screening of an ethylnitrosourea-induced mutagenized mice library. ECG records were obtained from the I4093V mice under anesthesia and drugs were intraperitoneally administered. The I4093V mice showed little arrhythmias at two months of age, but exhibited severe ventricular arrhythmias by β-agonist administration. Moreover, frequent spontaneous arrhythmias were observed without β-stimulation at 4-5 months old. Conventional anti-arrhythmic agents (flecainide, pilsicainide, atenolol) and the two novel RyR2 inhibitors suppressed the spontaneous arrhythmia to varying degrees. Our results indicate that the I4093V mouse is a useful model for evaluation of antiarrhythmic drugs and that RyR2 inhibitors are promising candidates for novel anti-arrhythmic drugs.
Recent changes in the epidemiology of head and neck cancer (2009)

The presence or absence of human papillomavirus in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is a new parameter for prediction of long-term outcome of cancer of the oral cavity and of the oropharynx. Head and neck cancer among women in developing countries should deserve more attention, as the mortality rates appear to be higher than those of women in developed countries. For never smokers and never drinkers, more research needs to be done to identify their risk factor patterns.
Perforator-Based Interposition Flaps Perform Better Than Full-Thickness Grafts for the Release of Burn Scar Contractures: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial (2017)

Therapeutic, I.
Microstructural Evolution and Magnetic Properties of NiFe2O4 Nanocrystals Dispersed in Amorphous Silica (2000)

NiFe2O4 nanocrystals were dispersed in silica by a sol−gel route. The dried gel was amorphous, in which isolated Fe3+ ions had a weak interaction with silica matrix, as characterized by a weak IR absorption at ca. 580 cm-1. Heat treatment at 400 °C resulted in nickel ferrite clusters being partially formed, and these clusters were observed to interact with the matrix through Si−O−Fe bonds. This interaction reached its maximum with the complete formation of NiFe2O4 clusters as the temperature was raised to 600 °C. Above this temperature, NiFe2O4 clusters grew larger into nanocrystals, while the interaction between the nanocrystals and silica matrix disappeared with breakage of Si−O−Fe bonds. The grain growth for magnetic nanoparticles was accompanied with rearrangement of amorphous silica network. The preference of forming NiFe2O4 nanocrystals eliminated the possibility of precipitation of crystallite component oxides, e.g., NiO, γ-Fe2O3, or Fe3O4 in amorphous silica matrix, or crystalline silica, e.g., cristobalite or quartz, even when the treatment temperature was 1100 °C. Fe ions in silica glasses were determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy to be present exclusively as Fe3+ ions in a high-spin state at octahedral coordination, and the chemical environment of the Fe3+ ions seemed to remain unchanged until the nickel ferrite clusters crystallized. The formation mechanism for NiFe2O4 nanocrystals can be explained in terms of Ni2+ ions shifting from the tetrahedral centers to undistorted octahedral sites in the spinel lattice and the partial transformation of FeO6 octahedron to FeO4 tetrahedron. The critical dimension for the NiFe2O4 nanocrystals in silica was detected as ca. 9 nm. Below the critical size, NiFe2O4 nanocrystals had a superparamagnetic single-domain structure, while the nanocrystals with particle sizes larger than the critical size exhibited bulklike behavior.
Differential expression of the cell‐cell adhesion molecule E‐cadherin in ascites and solid human ovarian tumor cells (1994)

Advanced ovarian cancers contain 2 distinct phenotypic populations: (a) free-floating tumor cells in the ascitic fluid and (b) solid tumors. Ascites cells are derived from the solid tumors and spread throughout the peritoneum. Changes in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions are thought to be responsible for the origin of ascites cells. Since E-cadherin molecules play a crucial role in the cell-cell interactions in epithelial cells, we investigated the expression of E-cadherin in these 2 phenotypic populations. Paired samples of ascites and solid tumors were obtained from patients. Both primary tumors and tumor cells isolated from an experimental model showed a marked decrease in E-cadherin expression in the ascites cells compared to the respective solid tumors. Semi-quantitative, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the steady-state levels of E-cadherin-specific mRNA. Results indicate that the primary tumors had significantly lower levels of E-cadherin transcript in ascites cells when compared to their solid tumor counterparts. Changes in E-cadherin expression were also reflected in the invasion capacity of tumor cells in vitro. Ascites cells were 4-fold more invasive then solid tumor cells, suggesting that ascites cells are a highly malignant phenotype.
Large orbit gyroklystron development at Los Alamos (2002)

We have designed and are testing a large orbit gyroklystron amplifier for 1.3 GHz operation in 65 ns pulses. The ultimate power output goal is 500 MW with a gain in excess of 20 dB. This initial investigation is intended to lay the groundwork for operation at 11.4 GHz for particle accelerator applications, and also at frequencies of up to 35 GHz for other uses. Computational design has been performed with the resonant cavity code MAFIA and the particle in cell codes MERLIN and ISIS. Electron beam optics through a magnetic cusp was also studied with ISIS and MERLIN, and verified experimentally, to develop a suitable electron beam trajectory from the diode into the resonator region. Performance tests of a single stage device have been performed. An unsaturated gain of 43 dB has been observed using 4 kW of input drive, yielding an amplified output of 100 MW.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Effect of Impaired Polyamine Transport on Pneumococcal Transcriptome (2021)

Infections due to <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, a commensal in the nasopharynx, still claim a significant number of lives worldwide. Genome plasticity, antibiotic resistance, and limited serotype coverage of the available polysaccharide-based conjugate vaccines confounds therapeutic interventions to limit the spread of this pathogen. Pathogenic mechanisms that allow successful adaption and persistence in the host could be potential innovative therapeutic targets. Polyamines are ubiquitous polycationic molecules that regulate many cellular processes. We previously reported that deletion of polyamine transport operon <i>potABCD</i>, which encodes a putrescine/spermidine transporter (Δ<i>potABCD</i>), resulted in an unencapsulated attenuated phenotype. Here, we characterize the transcriptome, metabolome, and stress responses of polyamine transport-deficient <i>S. pneumoniae</i>. Compared with the wild-type strain, the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress responses and the nucleotide sugar metabolism was reduced, while expression of genes involved in the Leloir, tagatose, and pentose phosphate pathways was higher in Δ<i>potABCD</i>. A metabolic shift towards the pentose phosphate pathway will limit the synthesis of precursors of capsule polysaccharides. Metabolomics results show reduced levels of glutathione and pyruvate in the mutant. Our results also show that the <i>potABCD</i> operon protects pneumococci against hydrogen peroxide and nitrosative stress. Our findings demonstrate the importance of polyamine transport in pneumococcal physiology that could impact in vivo fitness. Thus, polyamine transport in pneumococci represents a novel target for therapeutic interventions.
Deadline constrained packet scheduling for wireless networks (2006)

Third generation (3G) wireless communication net- works aim to provide quality-of-service (QoS) sensitive services to downlink users. Amongst these are real-time multimedia services like video-conferencing and live media streaming, where the packets to be delivered to the user have deadlines associated with them. Downlink packet scheduling plays a key role in efficiently allocating base station resources to meet the desired level of QoS for various users. In this paper, we study the design of a downlink wireless packet scheduler that is capable of supporting applications with packet deadlines. We use a dynamic programming (DP) approach to study a parsimonious model of the scheduling problem. We propose a heuristic scheduling policy based on the structural properties of the optimal solution to the DP. We contrast the performance of the proposed scheduler to that of standard benchmark schedulers via extensive link-level simulations. The proposed scheduler offers a significantly better trade-off between user fairness and system performance. I. INTRODUCTION
Computer‐assisted identification and clustering for regulated phytopathogenic bacteria: construction of a reference database and development of a computer system* (2005)

CABIQ is a specific computer‐assisted identification system for the reliable and rapid identification of the main regulated phytopathogenic bacteria. It is based on phenotypic and genomic properties of bacteria. About 500 reference strains have been used to initiate the database, including conventional phenotypic tests and the Biotype 100 (BioMérieux) galleries. The CABIQ system, with its database and reference matrices, is a guide on the tests to be done when identifying new isolates. The modules dealing with phenotypic and Biotype100 characteristics are already finalized. Results on repetitive PCR will soon be added to the system. This opens interesting perspectives for improving the reliability of computer‐assisted identification.
Genetics and Crime: Integrating New Genomic Discoveries Into Psychological Research About Antisocial Behavior (2018)

Drawing on psychological and sociological theories of crime causation, we tested the hypothesis that genetic risk for low educational attainment (assessed via a genome-wide polygenic score) is associated with criminal offending. We further tested hypotheses of how polygenic risk relates to the development of antisocial behavior from childhood through adulthood. Across the Dunedin and Environmental Risk (E-Risk) birth cohorts of individuals growing up 20 years and 20,000 kilometers apart, education polygenic scores predicted risk of a criminal record with modest effects. Polygenic risk manifested during primary schooling in lower cognitive abilities, lower self-control, academic difficulties, and truancy, and it was associated with a life-course-persistent pattern of antisocial behavior that onsets in childhood and persists into adulthood. Crime is central in the nature-nurture debate, and findings reported here demonstrate how molecular-genetic discoveries can be incorporated into established theories of antisocial behavior. They also suggest that improving school experiences might prevent genetic influences on crime from unfolding.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Nitrile Oxides from Aldoximes by 1‐Chlorobenzotriazole. (1990)

Abstract The title reagent, generated from benzotriazole and sodium hypochlorite, is employed in the dehydration of the oximes (I) or (IV) to form the corresponding nitrile oxides.
InteractML: Making machine learning accessible for creative practitioners working with movement interaction in immersive media (2021)

Interactive Machine Learning offers a method for designing movement interaction that supports creators in implementing even complex movement designs in their immersive applications by simply performing them with their bodies. We introduce a new tool, InteractML, and an accompanying ideation method, which makes movement interaction design faster, adaptable and accessible to creators of varying experience and backgrounds, such as artists, dancers and independent game developers. The tool is specifically tailored to non-experts as creators configure and train machine learning models via a node-based graph and VR interface, requiring minimal programming. We aim to democratise machine learning for movement interaction to be used in the development of a range of creative and immersive applications.