gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Presentation on systems cluster research (1989)

This viewgraph presentation presents an overview of systems cluster research performed by the Center for Space Construction. The goals of the research are to develop concepts, insights, and models for space construction and to develop systems engineering/analysis curricula for training future aerospace engineers. The following topics are covered: CSC systems analysis/systems engineering (SIMCON) model, CSC systems cluster schedule, system life-cycle, model optimization techniques, publications, cooperative efforts, and sponsored research.
Peptidoglycan O Acetylation and Autolysin Profile ofEnterococcus faecalisin the Viable but Nonculturable State (2006)

The O acetylation of peptidoglycan occurs specifically at the C-6 hydroxyl group of muramoyl residues. Using a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography-based organic acid analysis and carbohydrate analysis by high-pH anion-exchange chromatography, we determined that strains of Entercoccus durans, E. faecalis, E. faecium, and E. hirae produce O-acetylated peptidoglycan. The levels of O acetylation ranged from 19% to 72% relative to the muramic acid content, and they were found to vary with the growth phase of the culture. Increases of 10 to 40% in O acetylation were observed with cultures entering the stationary phase. Cells of E. faecalis in the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state had the highest levels of peptidoglycan O acetylation. The presence of this modification to peptidoglycan was shown to inhibit the action of hen egg white lysozyme in a concentration-dependent manner. Zymography using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels containing either O-acetylated or chemically de-O-acetylated peptidoglycan was used to monitor the production of specific autolysins in E. faecalis. Differences in the expression of specific autolysins were observed with the age of the culture, and VBNC E. faecalis produced the highest levels of these enzymes. This technique also permitted classification of the enterococcal autolysins into enzymes that preferentially hydrolyze either O-acetylated or non-O-acetylated peptidoglycan and enzymes that show no apparent preference for either substrate type.
Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Alumina by Dispersed Titanium Diboride Particulate Inclusions (1991)

The mechanical properties of composite ceramics composed of 0 to 20 vol% of titanium diboride particles dispersed in an α‐alumina matrix were investigated. The alumina–titanium diboride composite powder was hot‐pressed at 1470°C for 20 min to achieve over 98.8% of the theoretical composite density. The strength and fracture toughness of the twophase, hot‐pressed composite were both significantly improved compared to the single‐phase alumina. Results from different methods of measuring the stress intensity factor, ( K I c ) are compared and discussed.
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein decreases the induced nitric oxide synthesis in rat mesangial cells (1998)

Recently, the close relation between oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and the progression of glomerular injury has been demonstrated. The nitric oxide (NO) pathway in glomerular mesangial cells may be a potential target for the adverse effects of Ox-LDL in the development of glomerular injury. In this study, we treated cultured rat mesangial cells (RMC) with Fe(2+)-oxidized LDL and then stimulated the cells with lipopolysacharride (LPS, 10 micrograms ml-1). The LPS-induced NO production, assessed by NO2-concentrations in cultured supernatants, decreased from 7.83 nmol per 10(6) cells in control to 4.00 nmol per 10(6) cells and 1.67 nmol per 10(6) cells in RMC preincubated with Ox-LDL at 20 micrograms ml-1 and 40 micrograms ml-1, respectively (P < 0.01). Native LDL had no significant effects on LPS-induced NO production. Using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique, we could not detect significant alteration of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA levels in RMC preincubated with Ox-LDL. Our results suggest that Ox-LDL decreases induced NO production in RMC, which may contribute to the adverse effects of Ox-LDL in progressive glomerular injury. The mechanisms of this decrease may not involve changes of iNOS genic transcription.
Location of Power System Harmonic Sources Using Power Flows (1990)

Degradation of power supply quality by harmonic distortion is of concern to all Australian supply utilities. The location of a troublesome harmonic source can be difficult in a multi-source environment. Provided a source is dominant, the direction of the harmonic power flow should provide the information required to track the source. This paper describes the measuring and analysis techniques required to enable the location of harmonic sources based on the post-processing of digitised data obtained from a multi-channel, high speed data acquisition system.
Deregulation of microRNAs by HIV-1 Vpr protein leads to the development of neurocognitive disorders. (2013)

VOLUME 286 (2011) PAGES 34976–34985 The microarray and microRNA data were deposited in the NCBI GEO database with accession no. GSE44266 in compliance with JBC policy (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE44266).
Evolving Concepts in Pulmonary Hypertension (2017)

Pulmonary hypertension is becoming an important global health problem that may complicate a wide range of conditions.[1] [2] [3] All age groups can be affected, and left heart and lung diseases are the leading causes of pulmonary hypertension worldwide.[1] [2] [3] In developing countries, pulmonary hypertension may also be due to highly prevalent infectious diseases, such as schistosomiasis.[1] Independently of its causes, pulmonary hypertension is associated with clinical deterioration and increased mortality.[1] [2] [3]
G-Quadruplex (G4) Motifs in the Maize (Zea mays L.) Genome Are Enriched at Specific Locations in Thousands of Genes Coupled to Energy Status, Hypoxia, Low Sugar, and Nutrient Deprivation (2014)

The G-quadruplex (G4) elements comprise a class of nucleic acid structures formed by stacking of guanine base quartets in a quadruple helix. This G4 DNA can form within or across single-stranded DNA molecules and is mutually exclusive with duplex B-form DNA. The reversibility and structural diversity of G4s make them highly versatile genetic structures, as demonstrated by their roles in various functions including telomere metabolism, genome maintenance, immunoglobulin gene diversification, transcription, and translation. Sequence motifs capable of forming G4 DNA are typically located in telomere repeat DNA and other non-telomeric genomic loci. To investigate their potential roles in a large-genome model plant species, we computationally identified 149,988 non-telomeric G4 motifs in maize (Zea mays L., B73 AGPv2), 29% of which were in non-repetitive genomic regions. G4 motif hotspots exhibited non-random enrichment in genes at two locations on the antisense strand, one in the 5' UTR and the other at the 5' end of the first intron. Several genic G4 motifs were shown to adopt sequence-specific and potassium-dependent G4 DNA structures in vitro. The G4 motifs were prevalent in key regulatory genes associated with hypoxia (group VII ERFs), oxidative stress (DJ-1/GATase1), and energy status (AMPK/SnRK) pathways. They also showed statistical enrichment for genes in metabolic pathways that function in glycolysis, sugar degradation, inositol metabolism, and base excision repair. Collectively, the maize G4 motifs may represent conditional regulatory elements that can aid in energy status gene responses. Such a network of elements could provide a mechanistic basis for linking energy status signals to gene regulation in maize, a model genetic system and major world crop species for feed, food, and fuel.
A Solid-State Microwave Magnetometer with Picotesla-Level Sensitivity (2022)

Quantum sensing of low-frequency magnetic fields using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center ensembles has been demonstrated in multiple experiments with sensitivities as low as $\sim$1 pT/$\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$. To date, however, demonstrations of high-frequency magnetometry in the GHz regime with NV diamond are orders of magnitude less sensitive, above the nT/$\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ level. Here we adapt for microwave frequencies techniques that have enabled high-performance, low-frequency quantum sensors. Using a custom-grown NV-enriched diamond combined with a noise cancellation scheme designed for high-frequency sensing, we demonstrate a Rabi-sequence-based magnetometer able to detect microwave fields near 2.87 GHz with a record sensitivity of 3.4 pT/$\sqrt{\textrm{Hz}}$. We demonstrate both amplitude and phase sensing and project tunability over a 300 MHz frequency range. This result increases the viability of NV ensembles to serve as microwave circuitry imagers and near-field probes of antennas.
High-Quality 10 and 20 GHz Repetition Rate Optical Sources Based on the Spectral Phase Tailoring of a Temporal Sinusoidal Phase Modulation (2019)

We theoretically introduce and experimentally demonstrate a new approach to generate high-quality, high repetition-rate pulse trains. This method is based on a temporal sinusoidal phase modulation combined with a triangular spectral phase shaping. Experimental results validate the concept at repetition rates of 10 and 20 GHz.
Daptomycin Antibiotic Lock Therapy in a Rat Model of Staphylococcal Central Venous Catheter Biofilm Infections (2011)

Antibiotic lock therapy (ALT) is an adjunctive procedure to prevent or treat central venous catheter infections, ensuing catheter-related bacteremia, and catheter-related metastatic infections. Daptomycin is a cyclic lipopeptide that is rapidly bactericidal against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The efficacies of daptomycin against central venous catheter biofilms, catheter-related bacteremia, and catheter-related metastatic infections were evaluated by adapting a previously reported central venous catheter biofilm model in rats. Combined daptomycin ALT and systemic dosing resulted in the clearance of an established in vivo S. aureus central venous catheter biofilm after just two daily ALT treatments (30 min with daptomycin at 5 mg/ml) with concurrent systemic daptomycin dosing (40 mg/kg of body weight/day subcutaneously [s.c.]; equivalent exposure of 6 mg/kg/day in people). Daptomycin ALT solutions formulated in either saline or lactated Ringer's solution were equally fast in eradicating established in vivo methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) central venous catheter biofilms. However, the lactated Ringer's formulation was superior to that of saline in sustaining the bacterial clearance of treated central venous catheters (83% versus 50%). In MRSE-infected central venous catheter studies, 3 days of daptomycin or vancomycin ALT (18 h at 5 mg/ml) with systemic s.c. dosing (40 mg/kg/day daptomycin or 100 mg/kg/day vancomycin) was equally effective 1 week posttherapy in maintaining cleared central venous catheters (90% [n = 10] versus 100% [n = 8]). These results suggest that daptomycin ALT, along with systemic dosing, could be an effective treatment option for the prevention or eradication of staphylococcal central venous catheter biofilm infections, thereby reducing the occurrence of catheter-related bacteremia or catheter-related metastatic infections.
A fourier transform infrared spectroscopic investigation of polyethylene single crystals. I. Methylene wagging mode (1977)

Abstract The application of the spectral subtraction routine to the determination of the morphology of polyethylene single crystals is discussed in detail. An analysis of the CH 2 methylene wagging mode is presented. A band at 1346 cm −1 is observed to be unique to polyethylene single crystals. The assignment of this band to a regular, tight fold structure is discussed.
Prediction of incident diabetes mellitus or coronary artery disease by atypical sphingoid bases (2014)

Sphingolipid de-novo biosynthesis is initiated by the condensation of palmitoyl-CoA and serine by the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). Besides these canonical substrates, SPT can also metabolize other acyl-CoAs and other amino acids, thereby generating atypical sphingoid bases. We here investigated the predictive potential of these atypical sphingoid bases for the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) events and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). 349 Subjects enrolled in this study were followed up for 8 years. The plasma sphingoid base profile was analyzed using LC/MS. Confirming our previous results, we found plasma levels of 1-deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySLs, which are formed by the use of alanine instead of serine by SPT) significantly elevated in patients with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and T2DM. In the prospective analysis, baseline 1-deoxySLs were identified as independent predictors for the development of T2DM after adjustment for HbA1c and the presence of MetS. This may reflect the toxicity of 1-deoxySLs towards beta cells which we also showed previously. In addition baseline C20 sphingoid base backbones were associated with the incidence of cardiovascular events even after the adjustment for traditional risk factors including the degree of coronary artery stenosis at baseline. Interestingly, cross sectional plasma C20-based sphingolipids were not significantly different between CAD patients and controls. Other sphingoid bases including the canonical C18-sphingoids showed no independent association with the presence or incidence of CAD. In summary, we show that atypical sphingoid bases are promising and potentially causal biomarkers of T2DM and CAD.
Conversion of Commensal Escherichia coli K-12 to an Invasive Form via Expression of a Mutant Histone-Like Protein (2011)

Escherichia coli K-12 is well established as a benign laboratory strain and a human intestinal commensal. Recent evidences, however, indicate that the typical noninvasive nature of resident E. coli can be reversed under specific circumstances even in the absence of any major genomic flux. We previously engineered an E. coli strain with a mutant histone-like protein, HU, which exhibited significant changes in nucleoid organization and global transcription. Here we showed that the changes induced by the mutant HU have critical functional consequences: from a strict extracellular existence, the mutant E. coli adopts an almost obligate intracellular lifestyle. The internalized E. coli exhibits many of the prototypical characteristics of traditional intracellular bacteria, like phagosomal escape, intracellular replication, and subversion of host cell apoptosis. We suggest that E. coli K-12 can switch between widely divergent lifestyles in relation to mammalian host cells by reprogramming its cellular transcription program and without gross changes in its genomic content.
Cryoprobe transbronchial lung biopsy: How we do it? (2018)

Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) is commonly utilized for diagnosis of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. TBLB has a high yield in granulomatous interstitial lung diseases like sarcoidosis, but small size of biopsies limits its utility in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Surgical lung biopsy provides large size tissue, but there is associated morbidity, longer hospital stay, the risk of air leak, and mortality. Cryoprobe-TBLB, a relatively newer diagnostic procedure, provides larger biopsies than TBLB that are usually crush artifact free and enable the pathologist to provide diagnosis with greater confidence. We describe our technique of performing cryoprobe-TBLB.
Response enhancement of WO<inf>3</inf> gas sensors by metallic nanograins (2013)

In the present work, we have studied the effect of metal nanoparticles on the enhancement of the sensor response. These nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of WO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> sensors.
Online Learning for Position-Aided Millimeter Wave Beam Training (2018)

Accurate beam alignment is essential for beam-based millimeter wave communications. Conventional beam sweeping solutions often have large overhead, which is unacceptable for mobile applications like vehicle-to-everything. Learning-based solutions that leverage sensor data like position to identify good beam directions are one approach to reduce the overhead. Most existing solutions, though, are supervised-learning where the training data is collected beforehand. In this paper, we use a multi-armed bandit framework to develop online learning algorithms for beam pair selection and refinement. The beam pair selection algorithm learns coarse beam directions in some predefined beam codebook, e.g., in discrete angles separated by the 3dB beamwidths. The beam refinement fine-tunes the identified directions to match the peak of the power angular spectrum at that position. The beam pair selection uses the upper confidence bound (UCB) with a newly proposed risk-aware feature, while the beam refinement uses a modified optimistic optimization algorithm. The proposed algorithms learn to recommend good beam pairs quickly. When using 16x16 arrays at both the transmitter and receiver, it can achieve on average 1dB gain over the exhaustive search (over 271x271 beam pairs) on the unrefined codebook within 100 time-steps with a training budget of only 30 beam pairs.
Determination of sulfate ester content in sulfated oligo‐ and poly‐saccharides by capillary electrophoresis with indirect UV detection (2010)

Carbohydrates having sulfate groups such as glycosaminoglycans and chemically synthesized sucrose sulfate show interesting and important biological activities. We adapted CE with indirect UV detection technique to the determination of sulfate ester in sulfated carbohydrates, which were previously hydrolyzed with HCl. The liberated sulfate ion was analyzed using a background electrolyte consisting of triethanolamine-buffered chromate with hexamethonium bromide. Sulfate contents of glucose 3-sulfate and sucrose octasulfate used as a model were in good agreement with theoretical values (accuracy, 95.9-96.7 and 97.4-101.9%, respectively), and relative standard deviation values run-to-run were 0.977 and 1.90%, respectively. We applied the method to the determination of the sulfate contents of some glycosaminoglycan samples and showed that the contents were in good agreement with those calculated from sulfur content.
Expensive Function Optimization with Stochastic Binary Outcomes (2018)

Real world systems often have parameterized controllers which can be tuned to improve performance. Bayesian optimization methods provide for efficient optimization of these controllers, so as to reduce the number of required experiments on the expensive physical system. In this paper we address Bayesian optimization in the setting where performance is only observed through a stochastic binary outcome – success or failure of the experiment. Unlike bandit problems, the goal is to maximize the system performance after this offline training phase rather than minimize regret during training. In this work we define the stochastic binary optimization problem and propose an approach using an adaptation of Gaussian Processes for classification that presents a Bayesian optimization framework for this problem. We propose an experiment selection metric for this setting based on expected improvement. We demonstrate the algorithm’s performance on synthetic problems and on a real snake robot learning to move over an obstacle.
23.5 A dual 64Gbaud 10kΩ 5% THD linear differential transimpedance amplifier with automatic gain control in 0.13µm BiCMOS technology for optical fiber coherent receivers (2016)

Long-haul optical links are experiencing a transition to coherent techniques because they enable the use of modulation techniques with high spectral efficiency, such as QPSK and QAM [1], which in turn require highly linear low-noise optical-electrical front-ends. To cope with the ever-growing demand for high data rates in the consumer market, the Ethernet standard for long-haul optical links is moving soon from 100 to 400Gb/s. A possible candidate symbol rate to reach this bit rate using complex modulation formats is 64Gbaud.
A New Post-Filtering for Artificially Replicated High-Band in Speech Coders (2006)

Pure estimation in bandwidth extension of bandlimited speech does not provide transparent quality in the extended band. Combining coding and estimation of the missing band can achieve higher quality by transmitting additional information. However, substantial artifacts can remain in the extended band. In this paper, we introduce a new postfiltering designed to reduce these artifacts. Based on a source-filter model, the adopted bandwidth extension transmits spectral envelope parameters, while estimates the excitation at the receiver. The perceptual quality is then enhanced by processing the estimated excitation by a short-term and a long-term postfilter. Objective and subjective assessments show substantial gains when using the new postfiltering. It confirms that low bit-rate wideband coding based on bandwidth extension can get closer to the performances of the single band wideband coders
Characterizing the learning dynamics in extremum seeking (2018)

We consider perturbation-based extremum seeking, which recovers an approximate gradient of an analytically unknown objective function through measurements. Using classical needle variation analysis, we are able to explicitly quantify the recovered gradient in the scalar case. We reveal that it corresponds to an averaged gradient of the objective function, even for very general extremum seeking systems. From this, we create a recursion which represents the learning dynamics along the recovered gradient. These results give rise to the interpretation that extremum seeking actually optimizes a function other than the original one. From this insight, a new perspective on global optimization of functions with local extrema emerges: because the gradient is averaged over a certain time period, local extrema might be evened out in the learning dynamics. Moreover, a multidimensional extension of the scalar results is given.
Characterising the signal structure of Locata’s pseudolite-based positioning system (2009)

Locata is a Pseudolite-based Positioning System (PPS) operating in the licence-free 2.4GHz Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) frequency band. Unlike its predecessors, Locata utilises time-diversity methods to overcome the near-far problem. Therefore Locata is able to operate over larger regions than previous PPSs. Since the School of Surveying &amp; Spatial Information Systems (SSIS) at the University of New South Wales (UNSW) has considerable experience in designing GNSS receivers, the integration of PPS signal processing within its own GNSS receiver (known as “Namuru”) is currently being investigated. Research into Locata’s signal structure is aimed at gaining insight and detailed technical knowledge to support alternate receiver designs for processing terrestrial PPS-type signals. In this investigation, several important signal variables were identified via coaxially connecting the Locata transmitter to a Radio Frequency (RF) down-converter, high speed digitiser and signal recorder. Using spectral analysis methods, and having apriori knowledge of the signal’s operating frequency range (i.e. the ISM band), the centre frequency of the signal was found. It was assumed that the signal has CDMA-type characteristics. This was further verified by fine tuning the centre frequency, and sampling the down-converted signal at very high frequency. Exploiting its autocorrelation function, the code sequence and code period was also deciphered. Other signal parameters (e.g. code chipping rate, code sequence generator, and Time Hopping sequence) were then progressively discovered using various signal processing/diagnostic methods.