gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Minimization of transceiver energy consumption in wireless sensor networks with AWGN channels (2008)

In this paper, we determine how to minimize energy consumption per information bit in a single link, with the consideration of packet retransmission and overhead. This is achieved by deriving expressions for the optimum target bit error probability and packet length at different transmission distances. Furthermore, the energy consumptions of different modulation schemes are compared over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Finally, it is shown that the optimum target bit error probability and packet length converge to a constant value for long distances. Numerical results show that at short distances, it is optimum to use bandwidth efficient modulation with large packets and low target BER, and at long distances, it is optimum to use energy efficient modulation with short packets and high target BER.
Use of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to characterize chiral reactive intermediates in a titanium alkoxide mediated sulfoxidation reaction (1997)

The ESIMS technique, combined with 1 H NMR evidence, provides a precise inventory of the catalytic Ti IV precursors and the characterization of the reactive peroxometal complex involved in enantioselective sulfoxidation employing the Ti IV –homochiral trialkanolamine–alkylhydroperoxide system.
Interference with the Preovulatory Luteinizing Hormone Surge and Blockade of Ovulation in Immature Pregnant Mare's Serum Gonadotropin-Primed Rats with the Anti-Androgenic Drug, Hydroxyflutamide1 (1987)

The involvement of androgens in the control of ovulation has been assessed by administration of the androgen antagonist, hydroxyflutamide, to prepubertal rats treated with pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) to induce first estrus and ovulation. Without human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection, only 46% of rats that received six 5-mg, s.c. injections of hydroxyflutamide at 12-h intervals, beginning an hour before s.c. injection of 4 IU PMSG on Day-2 (Day 0 = the day of proestrus), had ovulated a mean of 1.3 +/- 0.4 oocytes per rat when killed on the morning of Day 1, whereas 92% of sesame oil-treated controls had ovulated a mean of 6.9 +/- 0.6 oocytes. After i.p. injection of hCG at 1600 h on Day 0, 92% of hydroxyflutamide-treated rats ovulated a mean of 8.3 +/- 1.2 oocytes compared to 100% of controls, which ovulated 7.3 +/- 0.4 oocytes per rat: these groups were not significantly different from each other, nor from control rats that received no hCG. Thus, exogenous hCG completely overcame the inhibitory effect of hydroxyflutamide on ovulation. Rats treated with PMSG and hydroxyflutamide without hCG were killed either on the morning of Day 0 to determine serum and ovarian steroid levels or on the afternoon of Day 0 to determine serum LH levels. Serum levels of estradiol-17 beta and testosterone in hydroxyflutamide-treated rats were significantly higher (178% and 75%, respectively; p less than 0.01) than levels observed in controls on the morning of Day 0. Ovarian concentrations of the steroids were also elevated in hydroxyflutamide-treated rats (p less than 0.01 for testosterone only).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Nanostructured zinc oxide thin film for application to surface plasmon resonance based cholesterol biosensor (2015)

ZnO thin film was deposited on gold coated glass prism by RF sputtering technique in glancing angle deposition (GLAD) configuration. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the deposited film were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. ZnO coated Au prisms (ZnO/Au/prism) were used to excite surface plasmons in Kretschmann configuration at the Au- ZnO interface on a laboratory assembled Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) measurement setup. Cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) enzyme was immobilized on the ZnO/Au/prism structure by physical adsorption technique. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannels were fabricated over ChOx/ZnO/Au/prism system and various concentrations of cholesterol were passed over the sensor surface. The concentration of cholesterol was varied from 0.12 to 10.23 mM and the SPR reflectance curves were recorded in both static as well as dynamic modes demonstrating a high sensitivity of 0.36&deg; mM<sup>-1</sup>.
The Nef Reaction of 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,14-Dodecahydro-9-nitrophenanthrene (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Nef Reaction of 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,14-Dodecahydro-9-nitrophenanthreneBoris Weinstein and A. H. FenselauCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 11, 4094–4096Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01058a530https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01058a530research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Milestone for Smart MRC Wells in Saudi Arabia (2008)

Abstract Smart completions in maximum reservoir contact (MRC) wells have played a critical role in advanced reservoir management and production optimization in Saudi Aramco. Smart MRC wells are mostly completed along the motherbore in cased holes, and occasionally in open holes. The main smart completion equipment consists of hydraulically-controlled interval control valves (ICVs), isolation packers with feed-through control lines, and permanent downhole monitoring systems (PDHMS). Due to the complexity of smart MRC well drilling and completion, it sometimes becomes necessary to have the option to retrieve the completion equipment. Examples of these situations include downhole equipment failure during the completion process, or less than optimal or poor wellbore placement. Previous field experiences show that it can be difficult – or at least challenging – to de-complete a smart MRC well. This paper will present a technical milestone achieved in a workover operation in November 2007. Recently, Saudi Aramco decided to workover a smart MRC well first completed in July 2005, due to poor lateral placement. After the de-completion, the plan was to sidetrack the well to regain oil production. This paper will also discuss the planning and operational steps that led to a successful three-day rig time involved with a coiled tubing (CT) operation to shift sleeves and unset packers. This resulted in the first time that smart equipment had been completely retrieved without a problem. That successful de-completion paves the way for further workover requirements of smart MRC wells, if needed. This paper will also summarize key equipment requirements and lessons learned in order to achieve successful de-completion of smart MRC wells.
A literature review of actinide-carbonate mineral interactions (1993)

Chemical retardation of actinides in groundwater systems is a potentially important mechanism for assessing the performance of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), a facility intended to demonstrate safe disposal of transuranic waste. Rigorous estimation of chemical retardation during transport through the Culebra Dolomite, a water-bearing unit overlying the WIPP, requires a mechanistic understanding of chemical reactions between dissolved elements and mineral surfaces. This report represents a first step toward this goal by examining the literature for pertinent experimental studies of actinide-carbonate interactions. A summary of existing models is given, along with the types of experiments on which these models are based. Articles pertaining to research into actinide interactions with carbonate minerals are summarized. Select articles involving trace element-carbonate mineral interactions are also reviewed and may serve as templates for future research. A bibliography of related articles is included. Americium(III), and its nonradioactive analog neodymium(III), partition strongly from aqueous solutions into carbonate minerals. Recent thermodynamic, kinetic, and surface studies show that Nd is preferentially removed from solution, forming a Nd-Ca carbonate solid solution. Neptunium(V) is rapidly removed from solution by carbonates. Plutonium incorporation into carbonates is complicated by multiple oxidation states. Little research has been done on the radium(H) and thorium(IV) carbonate systems. Removal of uranyl ion from solution by calcite is limited to monolayer surface coverage.
An adaptive half duplex data transmission FEC/ARQ procedure: results on real HF ionospheric channel (1994)

An automatic data rate adaptation is described for HF modems in degraded ionospheric propagation conditions by associating rate compatible punctured codes with a dedicated automatic repeat request procedure. Real transmission of data files with a 3 kHz high rate modem is up to 2.6 kb/s automatically accorded with the channel capacity. TCM codes may extend throughput up to 3.8 kb/s with the same ARQ procedure. >
Molecular-dynamics study of elasticity and failure of ideal solids (1991)

Results are presented from molecular-dynamics simulations of ideal solids under conditions of constant temperature, pressure, and uniaxial tensile force. We show that the system remains in metastable equilibrium all the way up to a critical value of the applied stress or force, at which point it fails irreversibly via the nucleation of small-scale defects. The critical load (failure strength) is found to decrease strongly with temperature.
Modulation of the Immune System for the Treatment of Glaucoma (2017)

This recapitulation of recent literature demonstrates that the immune system definitely plays a role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Multiple changes in the peripheral innate as well as adaptive immune system have been detected and give room for further research concerning valuable therapeutic targets. We conclude that there still is a great need to bring together the results derived from basic research analysing different aspects of the immune system in glaucoma to understand the immune context of the disease. Furthermore local immune changes in the retina of glaucoma patients still leave room for further therapeutic targets.
Investigation on phase properties of circular microstrip antenna (2002)

Phased array antennas for scanning a beam over large angles have numerous applications, which are expected to increase with the expansion of wireless systems and the use of smart antennas. In large arrays, however, the number of phase shifters can be large and at UHF and millimetre wavebands can introduce insertion losses. Alternative approaches to simplify the phase shifter complexity or reduce their number can be beneficial. One possibility is to use the antenna parameters as variables to modify its impedance characteristics, and thus the insertion phase. This possibility is becoming realistic by the use of MEMS technology (see Bozler, C. et al., MTT-S, 2000). Due to this fact, the phase properties of a microstrip antenna, in terms of its dimensions, are studied. The antenna dimensions are modified such that its input impedance match remains acceptable, by keeping S/sub 11/<-10 dB. For the study, both the cavity model and the full wave numerical analysis method are utilized and discussed. Using micromachining techniques, the antenna parameters may be made a source of the phase shift for phase array antennas. With a circular microstrip patch antenna, up to 70 degree phase shift can be achieved.
A Regulatory Checkpoint during Flagellar Biogenesis in Campylobacter jejuni Initiates Signal Transduction To Activate Transcription of Flagellar Genes (2013)

Despite the presence of numerous two-component regulatory systems (TCSs) in bacteria, direct signals sensed by TCSs to activate signal transduction are known for only a minority. Polar flagellates, including Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Helicobacter, and Campylobacter species, require a similar TCS and σ(54) for flagellar gene transcription, but the activating signals for these TCSs are unknown. We explored signals that activate the Campylobacter jejuni FlgSR TCS to initiate σ(54)-dependent flagellar gene transcription. Our discoveries suggest that the FlgS histidine kinase monitors the formation of the flagellar type III secretion system and the surrounding MS and C rings. The synthesis of these structures creates a regulatory checkpoint in flagellar biogenesis that is sensed by FlgS to ensure proper transcription of the next set of genes for subsequent steps in flagellation. Given the conservation of flagellar-associated TCSs and transcriptional cascades in polar flagellates, this regulatory checkpoint in flagellar biogenesis likely impacts flagellation in a broad range of bacteria.
Quasi-biological apatite film induced by titanium in a simulated body fluid (1998)

Commercially pure titanium (c.p.Ti) is capable of inducing the formation of a carbonated apatite onto its surface in a simulated body fluid (SBF) comprised of calcium ions, phosphate ions, and other inorganic species present in the body fluid. In addition to the incorporation of carbonate ions, such formed apatite has other important characteristics of the bone mineral phase, such as a small crystal size and ionic substitution by Mg2+ and Cl-. Thus, we call this apatite a quasi-biological apatite. The formation of the quasi-biological apatite is proposed to be related to TiOH groups that develop on the titanium surface through interaction with the SBF. The results suggest that titanium implants may be activated such that they can form a strong bond with bone tissue through the in vivo formation of apatite. Since the solution can reach any open space, the process discussed in this study is very suitable for coating porous titanium implants with a quasi-biological apatite film.
Synthesis and Photophysical Studies of a New Nonaggregated C60−Silicon Phthalocyanine−C60 Triad (2007)

A C60-SiPc-C60 triad showing no aggregation is synthesized and characterized. Photoexcitation of the triad results in formation of the charge-separated state by photoinduced electron transfer from the singlet excited state of the SiPc moiety to the C60 moiety. The charge-separated state has a lifetime of 5 ns in benzonitrile at 298 K.
Goal-Centralized Metamodel Based Requirements Integration for Machine Learning Systems (2021)

Designing a software model using Unified Modeling Language (UML) does not fully integrate some essential model elements, including goals and non-functional requirements. However, it can extend model elements and relationships through the UML profile to develop model components. In this study, we propose a goal-centralized metamodel that explicitly captures functional and non-functional requirements-based goal-oriented analysis for machine learning systems in an integrated manner. This study aims to present the integration approaches to specific ML model elements that focus on modeling and analyzing goals and scenarios.
A serial study of splenic reticuloendothelial system fc receptor functional activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (1982)

A serial study of reticuloendothelial system splenic Fc receptor function was undertaken in 13 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fc receptor function was assessed by measuring the clearance half times of IgG-sensitized 51Cr-labeled autologous erythrocytes from the circulation. Prolonged clearance half times were initially detected in all patients, and the magnitude of the clearance defect was significantly correlated with disease activity (P less than 0.01, Spearman rank correlation) and immune complex levels (P less than 0.01). Clinical course and changes in receptor functional activity over time were found to be significantly correlated. Clearance half-times tended to return to normal in all 11 patients who clinically improved. The clearance half-time remained unchanged in 1 patient whose disease activity was stable, and it worsened in 1 patient whose illness flared. Levels of immune complexes also changed concordantly with clearance half-times and disease activity. These studies underscore the interrelationship between the presence of circulating immune complexes, defects in Fc receptor function that might lead to prolonged circulation of these complexes, and disease activity in SLE.
STREET: Simulator for Safety Evaluation - Cognition Model (2008)

We are developing a traffic simulator called STREET which is intended to enable us to evaluate safety systems. To evaluate safety systems, however, we have to be able to faithfully reproduce accidents that are caused by interactive events between vehicles and pedestrians. To this end, it is necessary to construct a driver model that incorporates cognition, decision-making, and operation behaviors. In this paper, we focus on a driver’s visual behavior, which is the first phase of the cognition process, with the goal of solving some assignments in STREET. We propose a novel behavior model by employing a model-based approach. First, we construct a hypothetical model whereby the driver estimates the risks in his/her surroundings through a recording process. Second, we measure the unknown parameters within the model by way of experiment. Finally, we confirm that the proposed model allows STREET to faithfully reproduce the driver’s visual behaviors.
Electrical properties of (001)- and (116)-oriented epitaxial SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films prepared by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1999)

(001)- and (116)-oriented epitaxial SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) thin films were deposited on (100)SrRuO3∥(100)SrTiO3 substrates at 750 °C and (110)SrRuO3∥(110)SrTiO3 substrates at 820 °C by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, respectively. The remanent polarization and the coercive field of the 200-nm-thick (116)-oriented SBT films normal to the substrate were 11.4 μC/cm2 and 80 kV/cm, respectively. The dielectric constant of this film was 140 at 1 kHz. On the other hand, the 200-nm-thick (001)-oriented SrBi2Ta2O9 films normal to the substrate showed no ferroelectricity and the dielectric constant was 70 at 1 kHz.
<p>Objective Evaluation Of On-Eye Optical Quality Of Daily Disposable Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens With Internal Wetting Agents</p> (2019)

Quantitative sequential measurement of HOAs objectively showed the possibility of better and more stable optical quality with silicone hydrogel daily disposable contact lens with the internal wetting agent than with hydrogel lens without the added wetting agent.
Assessing the Biological Stability of a Terpene-Based Advanced Biofuel and Its Relationship to the Corrosion of Carbon Steel (2015)

Energy-dense terpene biofuels have recently been recognized as renewable alternatives for high-density petroleum-derived fuels. While the physicochemical properties of terpene dimer fuel (TDF) have been well-documented, the propensity of these mixtures to undergo biodegradation and exacerbate the corrosion of the fuel infrastructure remains unknown. Coastal seawater/sediment incubations were amended with TDF or a blend of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons and incubated under strict anaerobic conditions. In some incubations, a model hydrocarbon-degrading sulfate-reducing bacterium (Desulfoglaeba alkanexedens, strain ALDC) was inoculated as a positive control. No increase in sulfate reduction or corrosion was observed in long-term experiments (300 days) relative to TDF-free controls when only seawater/sediment served as the inoculum. However, inoculation with the positive control organism and a mixture of C6–C12 n-alkanes increased both the sulfate reduction rate (95.2 ± 5.2 μM/day) and general corrosion, as determined by both coupon weight loss (27.9 ± 1.6 mg) and the number of pits (495 ± 62). The ratio of manganese (Mn)/weight loss (0.34) in incubations exhibiting coupon pitting was lower than those (0.53–0.68) showing only generalized coupon corrosion. Despite no indication for TDF biodegradation under all test conditions, the detection of a suite of alkylsuccinate metabolites attested to the anaerobic metabolism of the suite of n-alkanes when strain ALDC and the hydrocarbons served as amendments. These findings suggest that TDF is resistant to biodegradation and will not exacerbate the corrosion of carbon steel. If used in combination with petroleum hydrocarbons, the degree of metal corrosion would be that expected as a result of labile fuel components. However, the relatively recalcitrant nature of TDF might pose other risks if released to the environment and, thus, warrants further study.
Flat Band Slow Light Performance in Dual-Slot Silicon-on-Insulator Based Photonic Crystal Waveguide (2013)

The photonic band structure and slow light performance in dual-slot photonic crystal waveguide based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate are studied by using three-dimensional (3D) plane wave expansion method. The numerical results show that both the position and the width of the slots have significant effect on photonic band structure. The guided mode edge and the photonic band gap increases with the increasing of the two slots' widths. When slots move close to the boundary of the waveguide, a flat band of slow light appears. The slow light property has also been discussed by modifying the radius of the two rows of air holes nearest to the dual-slot waveguide. The negligible dispersion bandwidths ranging from 6.70 to 25.70 nm for group indices from 62 to 20 are obtained, respectively. The numerical results show that the proposal structure has potential application in optical buffer.
Impact of Infrared Optical Properties on Crystalline Si and Thin Film CdTe Solar Cells (2017)

Photons with energies below the photovoltaic (PV) absorber band gap do not generate current and adversely impact performance when absorbed in other solar cell components to produce heat. Here we incorporate infrared (IR) optical response in simulations for understanding thermal losses. Spectroscopic ellipsometry is used to measure Al-Si interface optical properties in Si PV. Reflectance of an Si module has been analyzed to account for encapsulant and Al-Si interface contributions. IR extended quantum efficiency simulations calculate efficiency gains / losses arising from variations in current generated and total reflectance as functions of transparent front contact material in thin film CdTe PV.
Luminescence Properties of a Red Phosphor, CaAlSiN[sub 3]:Eu[sup 2+], for White Light-Emitting Diodes (2006)

We developed a new red phosphor, , which has a broad excitation band extended from UV region to . At the optimum Eu concentration of , quantum output is seven times higher than for a conventional red phosphor, , under excitation. The phosphor is also more efficient than or at any excitation wavelength. One reason of the high room-temperature efficiency is small thermal quenching, which is probably related to a rigid network of and tetrahedra. The phosphor is chemically stable as well. Accordingly, it is a promising material for warm-white light-emitting diodes.