gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduced Gas-Phase Kinetic Models for Burning of Douglas Fir (2019)

New skeletal chemical kinetic models have been obtained by reducing a detailed model for the gas-phase combustion of Douglas Fir pyrolysis products. The skeletal models are intended to reduce the cost of high-resolution wildland fire simulations, without substantially affecting accuracy. The reduction begins from a 137 species, 4533 reaction detailed model for combustion of gas-phase biomass pyrolysis products, and is performed using the directed relation graph with error propagation and sensitivity analysis method, followed by further reaction elimination. The reduction process tracks errors in the ignition delay time and peak temperature for combustion of gas-phase products resulting from the pyrolysis of Douglas Fir. Three skeletal models are produced as a result of this process, corresponding to a larger 71 species, 1179 reaction model with less than 1\% error in ignition delay time compared to the detailed model, an intermediate 54 species, 637 reaction model with 24\% error, and a smaller 54 species, 204 reaction model with 80\% error. Using the skeletal models, peak temperature, volumetric heat release rate, premixed laminar flame speed, and diffusion flame extinction temperatures are compared with the detailed model, revealing an average maximum error in these metrics across all conditions considered of less than 1\% for the larger skeletal model, 10\% for the intermediate model, and 24\% for the smaller model. All three skeletal models are thus sufficiently accurate and computationally efficient for implementation in high-resolution wildland fire simulations, where other model errors and parametric uncertainties are likely to be greater than the errors introduced by the reduced kinetic models presented here.
Figure S1 from Mechanism-informed Repurposing of Minocycline Overcomes Resistance to Topoisomerase Inhibition for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Platinum-resistant human epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR-5 and OVCAR-4 expresses tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1). The Tdp1 protein expression levels in human epithelial ovarian carcinoma cell lines OVCAR-5 (derived from the ascitic fluid of EOC patient without prior treatment; tumor characterized to be platinum-resistant) and OVCAR-4 (derived from the ascitic fluid of platinum-refractory EOC patient) were evaluated by Western Blot. Tdp1 expression was found higher in the OVCAR-4 cells compared to that in the OVCAR-5 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Motion Constrained Simultaneous Localization and Mapping in Neighbourhood Environments (2006)

The ability to construct a consistent map whilst determining its pose is a prerequisite for mobile robot navigation. When operating in circuit-like trajectories (e.g. surveillance), acquiring large cyclic maps and closing these trajectories is very important. This paper presents the use of map-based a-priori knowledge for constraining the solution to the simultaneous localization and mapping problem. This is formulated in a Bayesian framework where a probabilistic model of the traversable environment (e.g. road network map) is used to minimise the accumulated errors in robot localization during cyclic mapping. The implementation uses an adaptive Rao-Blackwellized particle filter to optimise computation. The map-based priors are generated from a road network map that describes the robot traversable areas. The principle is to bind effectively the adaptive sample-based representation of the robot estimation using the probability map whilst detecting and mapping distinct features found at the roadsides. it allows the number of samples to be reduced and the particle depletion problem that compromises the robot closing large loops minimized. Extensive experiments were conducted using a vehicle test-bed travelling at 15Km/h in a University Campus road network. These have shown that our approach enables us to build cyclic maps and thus close the cycles (trajectories) in a much better manner than other existing methods.
Butyrate and Class I Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Promote Differentiation of Neonatal Porcine Islet Cells into Beta Cells (2021)

Neonatal porcine islets-like clusters (NPICCs) are a promising source for cell therapy of type 1 diabetes. Freshly isolated NPICCs are composed of progenitor cells and endocrine cells, which undergo a maturation process lasting several weeks until the normal beta cell function has developed. Here, we investigated the effects of short-chain fatty acids on the maturation of islet cells isolated from two to three day-old piglets. NPICCs were cultivated with acetate, butyrate and propionate (0-2000 µM) for one to eight days. Incubation with butyrate resulted in a significant upregulation of insulin gene expression and an increased beta cell number, whereas acetate or propionate had only marginal effects. Treatment with specific inhibitors of G-protein-coupled receptor GPR41 (β-hydroxybutyrate) and/or GPR43 (GPLG0974) did not abolish butyrate induced insulin expression. However, incubation of NPICCs with class I histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) mocetinostat and MS275, but not selective class II HDACi (TMP269, MC1568) mimicked the butyrate effect on beta cell differentiation. Our study revealed that butyrate treatment has the capacity to increase the number of beta cells, which may be predominantly mediated through its HDAC inhibitory activity. Butyrate and specific class I HDAC inhibitors may represent beneficial supplements to promote differentiation of neonatal porcine islet cells towards beta cells for cell replacement therapies.
Psychophysical testing of visual prosthetic devices: a call to establish a multi-national joint task force (2014)

Recent advances in the field of visual prostheses, as showcased in this special feature of Journal of Neural Engineering , have led to promising results from clinical trials of a number of devices. However, as noted by these groups there are many challenges involved in assessing vision of people with profound vision loss. As such, it is important that there is consistency in the methodology and reporting standards for clinical trials of visual prostheses and, indeed, the broader vision restoration research field.
Exploring bacterial outer membrane barrier to combat bad bugs (2017)

One of the main fundamental mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria comprises an effective change in the membrane permeability to antibiotics. The Gram-negative bacterial complex cell envelope comprises an outer membrane that delimits the periplasm from the exterior environment. The outer membrane contains numerous protein channels, termed as porins or nanopores, which are mainly involved in the influx of hydrophilic compounds, including antibiotics. Bacterial adaptation to reduce influx through these outer membrane proteins (Omps) is one of the crucial mechanisms behind antibiotic resistance. Thus to interpret the molecular basis of the outer membrane permeability is the current challenge. This review attempts to develop a state of knowledge pertinent to Omps and their effective role in antibiotic influx. Further, it aims to study the bacterial response to antibiotic membrane permeability and hopefully provoke a discussion toward understanding and further exploration of prospects to improve our knowledge on physicochemical parameters that direct the translocation of antibiotics through the bacterial membrane protein channels.
Improved measurements of shear modulus and pleural membrane tension of the lung (1979)

The continuum solution for the deformation of an elastic half space covered by a membrane is used to interpret measurements of the indentation of lung lobes under a column of fluid. The shear modulus mu of the underlying parenchyma is found to be approximately 0.7 times transpulmonary pressure, independent of species size. The tension in the pleural membrane T increases rapidly with increasing membrane area. For dog lungs, the value of T is 10(3) to 10(4) dyn/cm. For the larger species tested, pigs and horses, T is larger. The continuum solution shows that a concentrated force applied to the pleural surface is distributed over a distance T/mu as it is transmitted across the pleural membrane. The membrane is important in determining the displacement produced by forces that act within a region that is small compared to this distance, approximately 2 cm for dog lungs. By comparing the tension-area curve of the pleural membrane with the pressure-volume curve of the lobe, it is found that the pleural membrane contributes about 20% of the work done by the lung during deflation.
Production, purification, and properties of a bacteriocin from Staphylococcus aureus isolated from saliva (1983)

Staphylococci from samples of human saliva were isolated on staphylococcal-selective agar plates. These strains were tested for the inhibition of the growth of Staphylococcus aureus FDA209P. The frequency of inhibitory strains among all of the staphylococcal isolates was 5.2%. Strain IYS2, which formed the biggest inhibitory zone against the growth of the indicator strain, was used as the producer of bacteriocin. IYS2 was identified to be S. aureus, based on its biological properties. The bacteriocin was purified by sequential procedures, including ammonium sulfate precipitation, fractionation with ethanol, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. Its molecular weight was determined to be 5,000. The isoelectric point was 10.0. In amino acid composition, lysine, histidine, aspartic acid, valine, and phenylalanine were predominant. The bacteriocin was heat stable but inactivated by proteases or peptidase. The bacteriocin had a bactericidal effect on susceptible cells. An analysis of the inhibitory spectrum among typical oral indigenous bacteria showed that Streptococcus salivarius, Propionibacterium acnes, Corynebacterium parvulum, and Actinomyces israelii were susceptible to the bacteriocin. Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mitis, Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacterionema matruchotii, and Bacteroides melaninogenicus were resistant. The majority of S. aureus tested were susceptible, and all Staphylococcus epidermidis strains tested were resistant.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Isothiocyanates from Primary Nitroalkanes. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Laser Light Scattering (2018)

This chapter provides introduction to both the classical and quasi-elastic forms of laser light scattering, which can serve as an introductory text for students and a reference for research workers. Classical light scattering studies are concerned with the measurement of the intensity of scattered light as a function of the scattering angle. Lasers produce collimated, quasi-monochromatic radiation having high intensity. In all but the least expensive lasers, the output is highly polarized. The chapter describes information that can be obtained from the various experiments rather than either presenting a comprehensive survey of the literature. The decrease in intensity may seem a nuisance, but it turns out to be a unique source of information pertaining to the size and shape of the particle. Inhomogeneity in either the size or shape of the particles leads to ambiguity in the interpretation of the angular dependence of the scattered intensity.
A Blue-Emitting Organic Electroluminescent Device Using a Novel Emitting Amorphous Molecular Material, 5,5'-Bis(dimesitylboryl)-2,2'-bithiophene (1999)

A multilayer, blue-emitting electroluminescent device based on a novel, thermally stable, amorphous molecular material with electron-transport properties, BMB-2T (the title compound, see also the Figure), is described. Its fabrication and performance are reported. It is shown that the device efficiency increases when a thin layer of another new amorphous material is inserted between the BMB-2T and the hole-transporting layer to prevent exciplex formation.
Coexpression of Rat P2X2and P2X6Subunits inXenopusOocytes (2000)

Transcripts for P2X(2) and P2X(6) subunits are present in rat CNS and frequently colocalize in the same brainstem nuclei. When rat P2X(2) (rP2X(2)) and rat P2X(6) (rP2X(6)) receptors were expressed individually in Xenopus oocytes and studied under voltage-clamp conditions, only homomeric rP2X(2) receptors were fully functional and gave rise to large inward currents (2-3 microA) to extracellular ATP. Coexpression of rP2X(2) and rP2X(6) subunits in Xenopus oocytes resulted in a heteromeric rP2X(2/6) receptor, which showed a significantly different phenotype from the wild-type rP2X(2) receptor. Differences included reduction in agonist potencies and, in some cases (e.g., Ap(4)A), significant loss of agonist activity. ATP-evoked inward currents were biphasic at the heteromeric rP2X(2/6) receptor, particularly when Zn(2+) ions were present or extracellular pH was lowered. The pH range was narrower for H(+) enhancement of ATP responses at the heteromeric rP2X(2/6) receptor. Also, H(+) ions inhibited ATP responses at low pH levels (<pH 6.3). The pH-dependent blocking activity of suramin was changed at this heteromeric receptor, although the potentiating effect of Zn(2+) on ATP responses was unchanged. Thus, the rP2X(2/6) receptor is a functionally modified P2X(2)-like receptor with a distinct pattern of pH modulation of ATP activation and suramin blockade. Although homomeric P2X(6) receptors function poorly, the P2X(6) subunit can contribute to functional heteromeric P2X channels and may influence the phenotype of native P2X receptors in those cells in which it is expressed.
The protective mechanism ofLactobacillus plantarumFZU3013 against non-alcoholic fatty liver associated with hyperlipidemia in mice fed a high-fat diet (2020)

Lactobacillus plantarum FZU3013, a probiotic previously isolated from the traditional brewing process of Hongqu rice wine, may have the beneficial effect of improving the disorders of lipid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the role of L. plantarum FZU3013 in improving non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) associated with hyperlipidemia in mice fed a high-fat diet. The results indicated that L. plantarum FZU3013 intervention significantly reduced the HFD-induced body weight gain and the abnormal levels of serum total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and inhibited the excessive accumulation of liver lipids. In addition, L. plantarum FZU3013 also promoted the excretion of bile acids through feces. Metagenomic and multivariate statistical analysis revealed that L. plantarum FZU3013 made significant structural changes in the intestinal microbiome of the mice fed with HFD, in particular by modulating the relative abundance of some function related microbial phylotypes. Furthermore, ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadruple-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS)-based liver metabolomics demonstrated that L. plantarum FZU3013 had a significant regulatory effect on the composition of liver metabolites in hyperlipidemic mice, especially on the levels of some important biomarkers involved in the pathways of glycerophospholipid metabolism, fatty acid degradation, fatty acid elongation, glycerolipid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, etc. Moreover, L. plantarum FZU3013 regulated the mRNA expression levels of the genes responsible for liver lipid and cholesterol metabolism. L. plantarum FZU3013 intervention increased the hepatic mRNA levels of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and the bile salt export pump (BSEP), suggesting enhanced bile acid synthesis and excretion from the liver. These findings present new evidence supporting that L. plantarum FZU3013 has the potential to improve lipid metabolism disorders through modulating specific intestinal microbial phylotypes and regulating hepatic lipid metabolism related genes, therefore it could be used as a potential functional food for the prevention of NAFL and hyperlipidemia.
Usefulness of duplex ultrasonography to detect collagen sponge misplacement into the arterial lumen during the use of Angio-Seal: A case report (2021)

A 76-year-old man who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention suffered intermittent claudication. Duplex ultrasonography revealed superficial femoral artery stenosis with an intraluminal heterogeneous echogenic mass. We suspected that stenosis was caused by the puncture procedure of the Angio-Seal. Open surgery revealed that a collagen sponge that should have been outside the arterial wall was misplaced in the wall with massive granulation, and atherectomy with patchplasty was performed. Vessel deterioration was considered due to several factors, including inappropriate access site, arterial wall calcification, and comorbidities like Behçet's disease. Ultrasonography is a convenient and useful method to evaluate arterial lesions.
The Power Button Sign: A Newly Described Central Sulcal Pattern on Surface Rendering MR Images of Type 2 Focal Cortical Dysplasia (2014)

Given its excellent reproducibility and specificity, the PBS, when present, could become a useful qualitative diagnostic MR criterion of FCD2 in the central region.
Prophylaxis of Migraine with Anionic Polyelectrolytes (1988)

SYNOPSIS In previous studies on patients with migraine headaches we found that 50% had reduced concentrations of basophils and lymphocytes. Treatment with inhalations of heparin often restored these blood indices to normal and was accompanied by a reduction in migraine headache, We report here data on the long term treatment of 37 migraine patients with inhalations of heparin and with an oral semi‐synthetic heparinoid, Pentosan Polysulfate (PNP). 27 patients responded with a mean improvement in migraine index of 79% and as a group showed significant increases in basophil, total lymphocyte, and in particular T‐cell concentrations. Ten patients whose migraine headaches were related to their menstrual cycles were relatively unresponsive to heparin or PNP. They had a general leukopenia, but basophils were within normal range.
Graph Database Based Knowledge Graph Storage and Query for Power Equipment Management (2020)

The knowledge graph is a graph-based data structure that mines the value of data from a large number of associations. Therefore, it is necessary to find a database that can support the expression, storage, and query of associated data as a way of storing knowledge graph. Different than the normally used relational database and RDF tabular storage, the graph database stores data in “vertex” and “edge” as basic storage units, which can realize distributed storage and parallel processing of massive data with complex associations. The graph database utilizes the characteristics of physical “pointing” between nodes to provide “no index” association operations for adjacent nodes and has technical advantages in applications of network-structured data. This paper proposes a knowledge graph storage and query method based on the graph database, and compares the storage and query performance between the general storage format of RDF and graph database based on a constructed power equipment management knowledge graph.
Altered gut microbiota and its association with inflammation in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a single-center observational study in Japan (2022)

The composition of the gut microbiota in patients with CTEPH was distinct from that of healthy participants, which may be associated with the elevated inflammatory cytokines and endotoxins in CTEPH.
The Galactic Club: Intelligent Life in Outer Space (1975)

Reprint of the 1974 ed. published by the Stanford Alumni Association, Stanford, Calif., which was issued in series: The Portable Stanford
Vulnerability analysis of power systems based on cyber-attack and defense models (2018)

Reliable operation of power systems is a primary challenge for the system operators. With the advancement in technology and grid automation, power systems are becoming more vulnerable to cyber-attacks. The main goal of adversaries is to take advantage of these vulnerabilities and destabilize the system. This paper describes a game-theoretic approach to attacker / defender modeling in power systems. In our models, the attacker can strategically identify the subset of substations that maximize damage when compromised. However, the defender can identify the critical subset of substations to protect in order to minimize the damage when an attacker launches a cyber-attack. The algorithms for these models are applied to the standard IEEE-14, 39, and 57 bus examples to identify the critical set of substations given an attacker and a defender budget.
Electroless Nickel Nucleation on Textured Silicon Substrate (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Coumarins from aerial parts of Cachrys libanotis L., Apiaceae (2015)

International audience
UNITED STATES: AUSTRIA (1964)

Journal Article UNITED STATES: AUSTRIA Get access DONALD C. JOHNS DONALD C. JOHNS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Musical Quarterly, Volume L, Issue 2, April 1964, Pages 236–243, https://doi.org/10.1093/mq/L.2.236 Published: 01 April 1964
Evidence for transgenerational metabolic programming inDrosophila (2013)

Worldwide epidemiologic studies have repeatedly demonstrated an association between prenatal nutritional environment, birth weight and susceptibility to adult diseases including obesity, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Despite advances in mammalian model systems, the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are unclear, but might involve programming mechanisms such as epigenetics. Here we describe a new system for evaluating metabolic programming mechanisms using a simple, genetically tractable Drosophila model. We examined the effect of maternal caloric excess on offspring and found that a high-sugar maternal diet alters body composition of larval offspring for at least two generations, augments an obese-like phenotype under suboptimal (high-calorie) feeding conditions in adult offspring, and modifies expression of metabolic genes. Our data indicate that nutritional programming mechanisms could be highly conserved and support the use of Drosophila as a model for evaluating the underlying genetic and epigenetic contributions to this phenomenon.
Shaping Soft Robotic Microactuators by Wire Electrical Discharge Grinding (2020)

Inflatable soft microactuators typically consist of an elastic material with an internal void that can be inflated to generate a deformation. A crucial feature of these actuators is the shape of ther inflatable void as it determines the bending motion. Due to fabrication limitations, low complex void geometries are the de facto standard, severely restricting attainable motions. This paper introduces wire electrical discharge grinding (WEDG) for shaping the inflatable void, increasing their complexity. This approach enables the creation of new deformation patterns and functionalities. The WEDG process is used to create various moulds to cast rubber microactuators. These microactuators are fabricated through a bonding-free micromoulding process, which is highly sensitive to the accuracy of the mould. The mould cavity (outside of the actuator) is defined by micromilling, whereas the mould insert (inner cavity of the actuator) is defined by WEDG. The deformation patterns are evaluated with a multi-segment linear bending model. The produced microactuators are also characterised and compared with respect to the morphology of the inner cavity. All microactuators have a cylindrical shape with a length of 8 mm and a diameter of 0.8 mm. Actuation tests at a maximum pressure of 50 kPa indicate that complex deformation patterns such as curling, differential bending or multi-points bending can be achieved.