gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IRAP Identifies an Endosomal Compartment Required for MHC Class I Cross-Presentation (2009)

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules present peptides, produced through cytosolic proteasomal degradation of cellular proteins, to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In dendritic cells, the peptides can also be derived from internalized antigens through a process known as cross-presentation. The cellular compartments involved in cross-presentation remain poorly defined. We found a role for peptide trimming by insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) in cross-presentation. In human dendritic cells, IRAP was localized to a Rab14+ endosomal storage compartment in which it interacted with MHC class I molecules. IRAP deficiency compromised cross-presentation in vitro and in vivo but did not affect endogenous presentation. We propose the existence of two pathways for proteasome-dependent cross-presentation in which final peptide trimming involves IRAP in endosomes and involves the related aminopeptidases in the endoplasmic reticulum.
In-Band Full-Duplex Wireless: Challenges and Opportunities (2014)

In-band full-duplex (IBFD) operation has emerged as an attractive solution for increasing the throughput of wireless communication systems and networks. With IBFD, a wireless terminal is allowed to transmit and receive simultaneously in the same frequency band. This tutorial paper reviews the main concepts of IBFD wireless. One of the biggest practical impediments to IBFD operation is the presence of self-interference, i.e., the interference that the modem's transmitter causes to its own receiver. This tutorial surveys a wide range of IBFD self-interference mitigation techniques. Also discussed are numerous other research challenges and opportunities in the design and analysis of IBFD wireless systems.
A 32‐channel lattice transmission line array for parallel transmit and receive MRI at 7 tesla (2010)

Transmit and receive RF coil arrays have proven to be particularly beneficial for ultra-high-field MR. Transmit coil arrays enable such techniques as B(1) (+) shimming to substantially improve transmit B(1) homogeneity compared to conventional volume coil designs, and receive coil arrays offer enhanced parallel imaging performance and SNR. Concentric coil arrangements hold promise for developing transceiver arrays incorporating large numbers of coil elements. At magnetic field strengths of 7 tesla and higher where the Larmor frequencies of interest can exceed 300 MHz, the coil array design must also overcome the problem of the coil conductor length approaching the RF wavelength. In this study, a novel concentric arrangement of resonance elements built from capacitively-shortened half-wavelength transmission lines is presented. This approach was utilized to construct an array with whole-brain coverage using 16 transceiver elements and 16 receive-only elements, resulting in a coil with a total of 16 transmit and 32 receive channels.
Optimality Study of Logic Synthesis for LUT-Based FPGAs (2007)

Field-programmable gate-array (FPGA) logic synthesis and technology mapping have been studied extensively over the past 15 years. However, progress within the last few years has slowed considerably (with some notable exceptions). It seems natural to then question whether the current logic-synthesis and technology-mapping algorithms for FPGA designs are producing near-optimal solutions. Although there are many empirical studies that compare different FPGA synthesis/mapping algorithms, little is known about how far these algorithms are from the optimal (recall that both logic-optimization and technology-mapping problems are NP-hard, if we consider area optimization in addition to delay/depth optimization). In this paper, we present a novel method for constructing arbitrarily large circuits that have known optimal solutions after technology mapping. Using these circuits and their derivatives (called Logic synthesis Examples with Known Optimal (LEKO) and Logic synthesis Examples with Known Upper bounds (LEKU), respectively), we show that although leading FPGA technology-mapping algorithms can produce close to optimal solutions, the results from the entire logic-synthesis flow (logicoptimization+mapping) are far from optimal. The LEKU circuits were constructed to show where the logic synthesis flow can be improved, while the LEKO circuits specifically deal with the performance of the technology mapping. The best industrial and academic FPGA synthesis flows are around 70 times larger in terms of area on average and, in some cases, as much as 500 times larger on LEKU examples. These results clearly indicate that there is much room for further research and improvement in FPGA synthesis
Développement d’une nouvelle méthode analytique microfluidique pour la détection et la quantification du méthanal gazeux (2014)

International audience
Supplementary Figure Legends, Figures 1 - 5 from TGFβ1-Mediated SMAD3 Enhances PD-1 Expression on Antigen-Specific T Cells in Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. The effect of various cytokines on PD-1 expression is shown as fold changes in MFI relative to the αCD3/αCD28 condition with no cytokines in both CD4+ (black bars) 4 and CD8+ (white bars) T cells. Supplementary Figure 2. qPCR analysis of Smad2 and Smad3 mRNA levels in Jurkat T cells. Supplementary Figure 3. Foxp3 expression in CD4+ PD-1+ T cells infiltrating the tumor 56 microenvironment in WT, Smad2 cKO and Smad3 cKO mice. Supplementary Figure 4. Representative histograms of CFSE (left), PD-1(middle) and LAG3 (right) 66 expression on WT (thin grey histogram) and Smad3 (thin black histogram) cKO OT-I cells originating 67 from the draining lymph nodes (DLN) (top) and non-draining lymph nodes (NDLN) (bottom). Supplementary Figure 5. (a) WT and DNTGFβRII Tg+ mice were injected with 105 B16 melanoma 74 cells in foot-pads, and tumor volume (mm3) is shown as mean +/- SEM on different days.&lt;/p&gt;
Musical Performance Over Internet2 Using The AccessGrid (2006)

Artists and technicians at seven universities collaborated on an interactive multimedia dramatic work, that included acting, performance art, virtual reality, animation, motioncapture dancing, and electroacoustic music performance, streamed between six venues over Internet2. The music for this distributed performance included two structured improvisations between a percussionist in Alaska and an electric violinist in Montana, a piece in which the position data of a dancer in a motion-capture system in Indiana was used to trigger and select samples from soundfiles in Montana, and two solo pieces for percussion and tape and one for electric violin and interactive computer processing.
Role of inflammasomes in neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke (2021)

Ischemic stroke is a devastating disease for which there is no effective medical treatment. In the era of extensive reperfusion strategies, established neuroprotectant candidates and novel therapeutic drugs with better targets are promising for treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Such targets include the inflammasome pathway, which contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Following ischemic stroke, damage-associated molecular patterns from damaged cells activate inflammasomes, incur inflammatory responses, and induce cell death. Therefore, inhibiting inflammasome pathways has great promise for treatment of ischemic stroke. However, the efficacy and safety of inflammasome inhibitors remain controversial, and better upstream targets are needed for effective modulation. Herein, the roles of the inflammasome in ischemic injury caused by stroke are reviewed and the potential of neuroprotectants targeting the inflammasome is discussed.
Synthesis and characterization of seven-coordinate tripodal imidazole complexes of iron(ii) and manganese(ii) (2005)

The iron(II) and manganese(II) complexes of the N(7) Schiff-base condensate of tris(3-aminopropyl)amine with 1-methyl-2-imidazolecarbaldehyde and the manganese(II) complex of the N(7) Schiff-base condensate of tris(3-aminopropyl)amine with 4-imidazolecarbaldehyde are high-spin mono capped octahedral seven-coordinate complexes with a short, approximately 2.44 è, metal to apical nitrogen bond.
Vascular Endothelium in Neonatal Sepsis: Basic Mechanisms and Translational Opportunities (2019)

Neonatal sepsis remains a major health issue worldwide, especially for low-birth weight and premature infants, with a high risk of death and devastating sequelae. Apart from antibiotics and supportive care, there is an unmet need for adjunctive treatments to improve the outcomes of neonatal sepsis. Strong and long-standing research on adult patients has shown that vascular endothelium is a key player in the pathophysiology of sepsis and sepsis-associated organ failure, through a direct interaction with pathogens, leukocytes, platelets, and the effect of soluble circulating mediators, in part produced by endothelial cells themselves. Despite abundant evidence that the neonatal immune response to sepsis is distinct from that of adults, comparable knowledge on neonatal vascular endothelium is much more limited. Neonatal endothelial cells express lower amounts of adhesion molecules compared to adult ones, and present a reduced capacity to neutralize reactive oxygen species. Conversely, available evidence on biomarkers of endothelial damage in neonates is not as robust as in adult patients, and endothelium-targeted therapeutic opportunities for neonatal sepsis are almost unexplored. Here, we summarize current knowledge on the structure of neonatal vascular endothelium, its interactions with neonatal immune system and possible endothelium-targeted diagnostic and therapeutic tools for neonatal sepsis. Furthermore, we outline areas of basic and translational research worthy of further study, to shed light on the role of vascular endothelium in the context of neonatal sepsis.
Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia of the Newborn: Neurodevelopmental Sequelae (1996)

Alloimmune thrombocytopenia of the newborn (AITN) is due to the transplacental passage of maternal antibodies directed against fetal platelet antigens, most commonly PLA, (HPA-1a). Sensitization and clinical manifestations of disease can occur in the first pregnancy. It carries a mortality rate of 15%, usually due to intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Twenty-four cases of AITN were reviewed, five of whom had radiological evidence of ICH in utero. Petechiae and/or bruising were present in 14 babies. Platelet counts at birth ranged from 5 to 206 x 10(9)/L. One infant died. The duration of follow-up for the four survivors of ICH ranged from 15 to 71 months. All had serious neurodevelopmental sequelae, including severe mental retardation, cortical blindness, seizures, and cerebral palsy. The emotional and financial cost created by the care of these children is immeasurable. Steps to identify and prevent AITN should be part of routine prenatal care if we are to reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by this disorder.
Plasmon Amplification In Semiconductor Superlattices (1988)

We have studied surface plasma modes in type I and type II semiconductor superlattices, with and without an in-plane electric field. We demonstrate feasibility of the current driven mode-amplification in both systems, and determine the threshold drift velocities for this effect.
Effect of Hf-N bond on properties of thermally stable amorphous HfSiON and applicability of this material to sub-50nm technology node LSIs (2004)

The electric and structural properties of hafnium silicon oxynitride (HfSiON) with high Hf/(Hf+Si) (35/spl sim/100%) were investigated, focusing on the role of Hf-N bonds inside the material. The results show that the existence of Hf-N bonds in the films result in a high dielectric constant and high thermal stability. Using ultra-thin HfSiON with high Hf and high N concentrations, thermally stable amorphous high-k stacks with EOT of 0.6 nm and with 10/sup -5/ times Jg reduction, relative to that in SiO/sub 2/ was obtained.
Conservative Treatment of Unilateral Displaced Condylar Fractures in Children With Mixed Dentition (2012)

Conservative treatment of displaced condylar fractures in children, using a progressively remodeled splint, showed satisfactory functional outcomes at 12 months of follow-up.
Dual T cell receptor T cells with two defined specificities mediate tumor suppression via both receptors (2004)

Grafting T cells with new antigen specificity by T cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer could greatly facilitate adoptive T cell immunotherapy. Little is known about how two TCR on one T cell influence each other. Among other reasons, this is often due to the fact that only one TCR specificity is known. We have genetically generated murine dual TCR T cells (OT-I/P14), specific for ovalbumin(ova257) and lymphocyte choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein (gp33). These cells retain both specificities and can be stimulated by either antigenic peptide to proliferate and produce IFN-gamma. Even though one TCR (P14) is expressed at reduced levels on dual TCR T cells, the peptide sensitivity of these cells is similar to that of single TCR T cells of the same specificity. TCR down-modulation on dual TCR T cells depends primarily on binding of the specific ligand. Adoptively transferred dual TCR T cells suppress the growth of both B16-ova and B16-gp33 melanoma cells, regardless of the peptide used for in vitro activation. Taken together, despite a certain dominance of expression between two TCR on the same T cell, this need not necessarily have functional consequences.
Effective and Versatile Synthesis of Ginkgotoxin and Its 4′-O-Derivatives through Regioselective 4′-O-Alkylation and 4′-O-Chlorination of 3,5′-O-Dibenzylpyridoxine (2020)

A regioselective synthesis of ginkgotoxin and its derivatives is described. A blocking–deblocking strategy was employed in this new methodology, which relied on selective ketal protection of the 3- and 4′-hydroxy groups of pyridoxine. The key intermediate, O-dibenzylpyridoxine, was prepared in four steps with a reasonable yield. The present synthetic route enables convenient and versatile preparation of diversified 4′-substituted pyridoxine derivatives.
Serial concatenated trellis coded modulation with iterative decoding (2002)

We propose a design approach for serial concatenation of an outer convolutional code and an inner trellis code with multilevel amplitude/phase modulations using a bit-by-bit iterative decoding scheme. An example is given for throughput of 2 bits/sec/Hz with 2/spl times/8PSK modulation to clarify the approach. In this example, an 8-state outer code with rate 4/5 and a 2-state inner trellis code with 5 inputs and 2/spl times/8PSK outputs per trellis branch were used. The performance of this code with input block of 16384 bits is within 1.1 dB from the Shannon limit for 8PSK at a bit error probability of 5/spl times/10/sup -8/ for 2 bits/sec/Hz with 10 iterations,.
METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR THE DETERMINATION OF GAMMA EMITTING RADIONUCLIDES IN MOSS-SOIL (IAEA-447) AND STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF THE PROFICIENCY TEST RESULTS SUBMITTED TO THE IAEA (2011)

The gamma spectrometry laboratory, Chemistry Division, PINSTECH, participated in the world-wide proficiency test organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for the determination of radionuclides in moss-soil (IAEA447). The analysis methodology involved five standards IAEA-RGU-1, IAEA-RGTh-1, 9803SO, 9903SO and 0003SO for the quantification of 228Ac, 214Bi, 137Cs, 40K, 212Pb, 214Pb and 234Th. Although, all of our results were declared acceptable by the IAEA performance evaluation criteria even then we suggest the use of z-score, sum of rescaled z-score and sum of square of z-score as useful indicators
Flexible Recruitment of Balance Mechanisms to Environmental Constraints During Walking (2020)

Background: Humans need to actively control their upright posture during walking to avoid loss of balance. We do not have a comprehensive theory for how humans regulate balance during walking, especially in complex environments. The nervous system must process many aspects of the environment to produce an appropriate motor output in order to maintain balance on two legs. We have previously identified three balance mechanisms that young healthy adults use to maintain balance while walking: 1) The ankle roll mechanism, a modulation of ankle inversion/eversion; 2) The foot placement mechanism, a shift of the swing foot placement; and 3) The push-off mechanism, a modulation of the ankle plantar flexion angle during double stance. We know that these mechanisms are inter dependent and can be influenced by internal factors such as the phase of the gait cycle and walking cadence. Here we seek to determine whether there are changes in neural control of balance when walking in the presence of environmental constraints. Methods: Subjects walked on a self-paced treadmill while immersed in a virtual environment that provides three different colored pathways. Subjects were instructed not to step in the No-Step Zone, which appeared either on the right or left side of the subject. While walking, subjects received balance perturbations in the form of galvanic vestibular stimulation,providing the sensation of falling sideways, either toward the No-Step zone or toward the Neutral zone on the other side. Results: The results indicate that the use of the balance mechanisms are altered depending on whether the perceived fall is toward the No-Step or the Neutral zone. Participants increased the use of the lateral ankle and foot placement mechanisms for No-Step stimuli resulting in a larger shift of the center of mass (CoM) compared to the Neutral stimuli. Conclusion:This experiment provides further evidence that the balance control system during walking is extremely flexible, recruiting multiple mechanisms at different times in the gait cycle to adapt to environmental constraints.
Sensing Chemical Warfare Agent Simulants via Photonic Crystals of the Morpho didius Butterfly (2017)

The rapid and portable detection of trace chemical warfare agents (CWAs) remains a challenge for the international security and monitoring community. This work reports the first use of natural photonic crystals (PhCs) as vapor sensors for CWA simulants. Dimethyl methylphosphonate, a nerve agent simulant, and dichloropentane, a mustard gas simulant, were successfully detected at the parts per million level by processing visible light reflected from the PhC inherent to the wing scales of the <i>Morpho didius</i> butterfly. Additionally, modeling of this natural system suggested several parameters for enhancing the sensitivity of a synthetic PhC toward CWA simulants, including materials selection, structure, and spacing of the PhC, and partial functionalization of the PhC toward the analyte of interest. Collectively, this study provides strategies for designing a sensitive, selective, rapid, and affordable means for CWA detection.
Towards an automatic vehicle access control system: License plate location (2011)

An automatic vehicle access control system (AVACS) can be divided into three steps: vehicle location, vehicle license plate (VLP) location, and VLP recognition. This paper presents a new method for VLP location based on the horizontal gradient, morphological operations, connected components analysis, and statistical measures. First, the horizontal gradient is acquired and a mean filter is applied on it. Morphological operations are then used to darken non-VLP high-valued regions (saliences). At this step, we work on an integer-valued image rather than on the binary one, improving salience detection. Finally, the image is binarized, then a connected component analysis is performed, and statistical measures are used to decide among the VLP candidates. Experiments show that, in a database of 722 images, our method correctly locates the VLP in 95% of the cases, outperforming previous approaches.
MoCap-guided Data Augmentation for 3D Pose Estimation in the Wild (2016)

This paper addresses the problem of 3D human pose estimation in the wild. A significant challenge is the lack of training data, i.e., 2D images of humans annotated with 3D poses. Such data is necessary to train state-of-the-art CNN architectures. Here, we propose a solution to generate a large set of photorealistic synthetic images of humans with 3D pose annotations. We introduce an image-based synthesis engine that artificially augments a dataset of real images with 2D human pose annotations using 3D Motion Capture (MoCap) data. Given a candidate 3D pose our algorithm selects for each joint an image whose 2D pose locally matches the projected 3D pose. The selected images are then combined to generate a new synthetic image by stitching local image patches in a kinematically constrained manner. The resulting images are used to train an end-to-end CNN for full-body 3D pose estimation. We cluster the training data into a large number of pose classes and tackle pose estimation as a K-way classification problem. Such an approach is viable only with large training sets such as ours. Our method outperforms the state of the art in terms of 3D pose estimation in controlled environments (Human3.6M) and shows promising results for in-the-wild images (LSP). This demonstrates that CNNs trained on artificial images generalize well to real images.
Automatic measurement of head-perineum distance during intrapartum ultrasound: description of the technique and preliminary results (2020)

The automatic algorithm for the assessment of the HPD represents a reliable technique.
ENDOSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF BILE DUCT STONES (2010)

Endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) are endoscopic techniques that are used for the removal of bile duct stones. Although EST and EPBD have become established techniques, occasionally the management of bile duct stones may be difficult in cases of large stones, multiple stones, and tapering or tortuosity of the distal common bile duct. In such patients, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, mechanical lithotripsy or electrohydraulic lithotripsy, laser lithotripsy, or surgical intervention may be necessary. Furthermore, recently EST plus a large papillary balloon dilation has been popular for the treatment of difficult bile duct stones. Currently, endoscopic lithotripsy for bile duct stones seems to be a promising standard technique.