gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of an mHealth self-management intervention for persons living with HIV: the WiseApp randomized clinical trial (2022)

The WiseApp intervention initially improved ART adherence but did not have a sustained effect on outcomes.
Immunolocalization of MMP-19 in the human intervertebral disc: implications for disc aging and degeneration (2005)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade components of the extracellular matrix of the disc, but the presence of MMP-19 has not been explored. In other tissues, MMP-19 is known to act in proteolysis of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-3, thereby exposing this protein to make it available to influence cell behavior. MMP-19 also has been shown to inhibit capillary-like formation and thus play a role in the avascular nature of the disc. Using immunohistochemistry, normal discs from six subjects aged newborn through 10 years and 20 disc specimens from control donors or surgical patients aged 15-76 (mean age 40.2 years) were examined for immunolocalization of MMP-19; six Thompson grade I discs, five Thompson grade II, eight Thompson grade III, five Thompson grade IV, and one Thompson grade V discs were analyzed. The results indicate that in discs from young subjects, MMP-19 was uniformly localized in the outer annulus. In discs from adult donors and surgical patients, outer and inner annulus cells only occasionally showed MMP-19 localization. The greatest expression of MMP-19 was observed in young discs, and little expression was seen in older or degenerating discs. Because MMP-19 has been shown to regulate IGF-mediated proliferation in other tissues, its decline in the aging/degenerating disc may contribute to the age-related decrease in disc cell numbers.
ChemInform Abstract: The Molecular Structures of Gaseous Tetrakis(dimethylamino)diboron, B2( NMe2)4, and Tetrakis(methoxy)diboron, B2(OMe)4, as Determined by Electron Diffraction. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dewey Meets Turing (2005)

Reviews the relationship between computer scientists and librarians during the 10-year NSF Digital Library Initiative.
Synchronization of Multiple Camera Videos Using Audio-Visual Features (2009)

Digital video capturing is getting popular with the decreasing price of camcorders and the increasing availability of devices with embedded video cameras such as digital-still cameras, mobile phones and PDAs. While a raw home video is considered as visually non-appealing, having multiple recordings of the same event provides the opportunity to combine audio and video segments from different cameras for improving quality and aesthetics. Mixing content from different recordings requires precise synchronization among the recordings. In most present applications, synchronization is done manually and considered as a very tedious task. In this paper, we propose a novel automated synchronization approach based on detecting and matching audio and video features extracted from the recorded content. We assess experimentally three realizations of this approach on a common data set and make recommendations on the usability of the different realizations in practical use cases. The realizations have no limitations on the number and movement of the cameras. Moreover, they are robust against various ambient noises and audio-visual artifacts occurring during the recordings.
Crystal Structure of Cucumene Synthase, a Terpenoid Cyclase That Generates a Linear Triquinane Sesquiterpene (2018)

Linear triquinanes are sesquiterpene natural products with hydrocarbon skeletons consisting of three fused five-membered rings. Importantly, several of these compounds exhibit useful anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antibiotic properties. However, linear triquinanes pose significant challenges to organic synthesis because of the structural and stereochemical complexity of their hydrocarbon skeletons. To illuminate nature's solution to the generation of linear triquinanes, we now describe the crystal structure of Streptomyces clavuligerus cucumene synthase. This sesquiterpene cyclase catalyzes the stereospecific cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate to form a linear triquinane product, (5 S,7 S,10 R,11 S)-cucumene. Specifically, we report the structure of the wild-type enzyme at 3.05 Å resolution and the structure of the T181N variant at 1.96 Å resolution, both in the open active site conformations without any bound ligands. The high-resolution structure of T181N cucumene synthase enables inspection of the active site contour, which adopts a three-dimensional shape complementary to a linear triquinane. Several aromatic residues outline the active site contour and are believed to facilitate cation-π interactions that would stabilize carbocation intermediates in catalysis. Thus, aromatic residues in the active site not only define the template for catalysis but also play a role in reducing activation barriers in the multistep cyclization cascade.
Comparison of stimulated Brillouin scattering thresholds and spectra in nonpolarization-maintaining and polarization-maintaining passive fibers (2005)

Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) is a polarization-dependent, nonlinear process that is often the limiting factor for high-power fiber laser applications. We report the results of experiments measuring the SBS thresholds and the SBS gain bandwidths in several passive optical fibers. Fibers with nearly identical mode-field diameters and loss coefficients from different manufacturers were selected. Observations from these experiments indicate that the SBS gain coefficient for fibers from different manufacturers varied significantly resulting in a 70% deviation in SBS threshold. Also, polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber exhibited a significant increase in the SBS threshold for a linearly polarized pump beam that is launched into the PM fiber at 45&deg; relative to the fiber's slow axis. This increase in threshold was not mirrored in non-PM fiber. These results suggest that the polarization multiplier in the SBS threshold equation may be highest when a PM fiber is used with the appropriate launch conditions, rather than a non-PM conventional single-mode fiber. We will present the experimental results and a theoretical model demonstrating the polarization dependent gain properties in both PM and non-PM fiber.
Energy Efficiency of Mobile Device Recharging (2013)

Because of losses in electricity conversion and storage only part of the energy taken from the power grid produces useful work in a battery-operated mobile device; the rest evaporates as heat. The authors analyze the recharging activity of a mobile phone to understand the efficiency of the different units involved (charger, EPM chipset, battery). Their measurements show that the efficiency is quite low; only about 15% of the electricity from the power grid ends up being used for the actual computing and communication elements of the mobile phone. It seems that there is room for improvement in the recharging efficiency. However, as the consumption of electricity of a single phone is small the incentive for improvements has been weak.
Managing Schema Evolution in Hybrid XML-Relational Database Systems (2010)

Many applications and data enterprises need to change their data content and structure from time to time. The schema evolution in database systems has been studied well by the database community and several projects have been proposed for supporting schema modifications in XML and relational models individually. However, these studies do not investigate well the evolutionary process in hybrid XML-relational systems. In this paper we will investigate the schema evolution for current hybrid XML-relational systems. We will propose a taxonomy for schema evolution in a way that preserves a schema after data evolves. Finally, we proposed a general model which will be evaluated through a case study.
Recontextualizing Neuromyelitis Optica as a Systemic Condition: A Perspective (2023)

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a demyelinating CNS disorder in which inflammatory cells infiltrate the spinal cord and optic nerve, has been identified as an AQP4-IgG-positive disease. Some of its most common clinical characteristics are optic neuritis, acute myelitis, area postrema syndrome, and brainstem syndrome. However, the relationship between aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and NMOSD appears to be involved in pathologies outside of the CNS due to the fact that autoimmune, muscular, and paraneoplastic syndromes are more common in patients with NMOSD. This perspective presents an analysis of the current literature on neuromyelitis optica in an effort to further understand and compile pathologies that arise outside of the CNS secondary to NMOSD. Recontextualizing neuromyelitis optica as a systemic condition will facilitate greater diagnostic ability and improved treatment approaches.
Flash correct-and-refresh: Retention-aware error management for increased flash memory lifetime (2012)

With the continued scaling of NAND flash and multi-level cell technology, flash-based storage has gained widespread use in systems ranging from mobile platforms to enterprise servers. However, the robustness of NAND flash cells is an increasing concern, especially at nanometer-regime process geometries. NAND flash memory bit error rate increases exponentially with the number of program/erase cycles. Stronger error correcting codes (ECC) can be used to tolerate higher error rates, but these have diminishing returns with increasing P/E cycles and can have prohibitively high power, area, and latency overheads. The goal of this paper is to develop new techniques that can tolerate high bit error rates without requiring prohibitively strong ECC. Our techniques, called Flash Correct-and-Refresh (FCR) exploit the observation that the dominant error source in NAND flash memory is retention errors, caused by flash cells losing charge over time. The key idea is to periodically read, correct, and reprogram (in-place) or remap the stored data before it accumulates more retention errors than can be corrected by simple ECC. Detailed simulations of a solid-state drive (SSD) storage system driven by measured experimental data from error characterization on real flash memory chips show that our techniques provide 46× average lifetime improvement on a variety of workloads at no additional hardware cost. We also find that our techniques achieve lifetime improvements that cannot feasibly be achieved with stronger ECC.
Stem Cells and Bioactive Scaffolds as a Treatment for Traumatic Brain Injury (2011)

Successful repair of the injured brain is critical, as traumatic brain injury pathology often involves a secondary cascade of insults that may ultimately lead to worsened neurologic dysfunction. Damage is balanced by the brains attempt to repair itself, the genetic profile of the person, underlying health issues, and age, among other factors. The challenge in using a tissue engineering approach to repair and regeneration is centered at the heterogeneous and complex environment, variables that are difficult to measure and interpret. The brain must be in a state that minimizes rejection, inflammation, immune response, and donor cell death to maximize the intended benefit. Tissue engineering, using a bioactive based scaffold to both counter some of the hostile factors and to chaperone donor cells into the brain, has merit, yet the complexity of transplanting a combination biologic construct to the brain has yet to be successfully transferred to the clinic. Several options, such as cell source, scaffold composition, as well as delivery methods will be discussed. Keywords: Traumatic brain injury, stroke, tissue engineering, stem cell, cell transplantation, Scaffolds, pathology, neurologic dysfunction, immune response, inflammation
High-quality image acquisition using a compact compound-eye camera (2007)

We develop a method for high-quality image acquisition using a compact compound-eye camera. Experimental results confirm effectiveness of the method.
TBAI/TBHP-Mediated Cascade Cyclization toward Sulfonylated Indeno[1,2-c]quinolines (2017)

Treatment of ortho-amino-substituted aryldiyne derivatives with sulfonyl hydrazides in the presence of tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) led to a cascade cyclization reaction to yield sulfonylated indeno[1,2-c]quinolines in moderate to good yields. The features of the methodology include metal-free reaction, the ease of reagent handling, and a broad functional group tolerance.
Learning nonrigid deformations for constrained point-based registration for image-guided MR-TRUS prostate intervention (2015)

This paper presents and validates a low-dimensional nonrigid registration method for fusing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) in image-guided prostate biopsy. Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men in the United States. Conventional clinical practice uses TRUS to guide prostate biopsies when there is a suspicion of cancer. Pre-procedural MRI information can reveal lesions and may be fused with intra-procedure TRUS imaging to provide patient-specific, localization of lesions for targeting. The state-of-the-art MRI-TRUS nonrigid image fusion process relies upon semi-automated segmentation of the prostate in both the MRI and TRUS images. In this paper, we develop a fast, automated nonrigid registration approach to MRI-TRUS fusion based on a statistical deformation model of intra-procedural deformations derived from a clinical sample.
A Novel Fringe Field Switching Mode with 3-partition Pixel Slit (2005)

We proposed a novel fringe field switching (FFS) liquid crystal (LC) mode with a 3-partition pixel slit. In this mode, a pixel branch is partitioned into 3 areas, namely, two edges and a center, where the edge slit angle is larger than the center slit angle. Thus the reverse twist region in the pixel edge is reduced and the LC dynamics in this region becomes very stable. Also, when an external pressure is applied to the panel at the operating voltage, the disclination line is barely extended into the active area. Consequently, this mode exhibits a high external pressure resistance with a wide viewing angle and is attractive for pen-based touch panels such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) and tablet personal computers (PCs).
Significantly enhanced lung metastasis and reduced organ NK cell functions in diet-induced obese rats (2017)

We conclude that induction of obesity in F344-rats leads to reduced lung NK cell function against tumor cells and results in significantly enhanced lung metastasis as compared to lean animals. It can be hypothesized that obesity-induced altered NK cell functions play an important role in cancer growth and metastasis.
Molecular Recognition in the Digital Radio Domain (2010)

In this paper we discuss the theoretical and experimental constructs which together point the way towards the transduction of biomolecular recognition events into a palpable set of electrical signals. This combines the applied physics of surface perturbations on acoustic wave device surfaces and the biochemistry of the interactions between an immobilized biomolecule (e.g., an antibody) and a target molecule which is flowing past the sensor surface (e.g., an antigen). We will first provide the theoretical basis for our contention that we can extract information about both molecular recognition and conformational change from the electrical signal and will then confirm this assertion with experimental results relating to induced conformational changes in DNA on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) surface. Next we will discuss our digital radio technique whereby the real time measurements using antibody coated surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices in the vapor phase allow us to differentiate between close chemical analogs of nitro-based molecules (e.g., tri-nitro toluene vs musk oil) by virtue of the cross-reactivity of the antibody-antigen interaction. In immunochemistry this is referred to as antibody promiscuity. Finally, we present two- and three-dimensional plots illustrating our technique which derives much from in-phase and quadrature phase (IQ) mapping. The end result is a powerful technique which allows one to differentiate between target molecules and chemically similar interferrents.
Improving the Peer Mentoring Experience through Evaluation. (2007)

Peer mentoring programs are designed to address problems experienced by new students to assist them in making the transition to university study. The University of New South Wales offers such a program to new undergraduate students. Feedback on the program is obtained from participants through questionnaires and is used to identify problems and to elicit suggestions for program improvement. The study examines the effectiveness of improvements to the program as a result of evaluation feedback. Findings show that improvements to program content and delivery result in better outcomes for mentees but that administrative problems still need to be addressed. Peer mentoring programs are now widely used in universities and colleges to assist beginning students to make a successful transition into their courses of study. They are conducted at both the undergraduate (Hall, 2004; Hedges & Mania-Farnell, 2002; Muldoon & Godwin, 2003; Rodger & Tremblay, 2002; Stevens & Crase, 2003) and graduate levels (Fugate, Jaramillo & Preuhs, 2001, Grant-Vallone & Ensher, 2000; Waldeck et. al., 1997) as well as for special categories of students, such as those from ethnic minority backgrounds (Pope, 2002). Many of these programs involve using senior students as mentors. The use of peers as mentors rather than faculty or counselling staff aims to provide a more supportive environment for addressing transitional problems, such as dealing with stress (Jacobi, 1991); accessing services and resources on campus; understanding requirements (Rodger & Tremblay, 2002); making social contacts (Pope & Van Dyke, 2004); and identifying with the institution (Evans & Peel, 1999; Hall, 2004). Evidence of the effectiveness of these programs has been documented (e.g. Drew et. al., 2000, Hall, 2004), but few studies have sought to identify For further information contact: Ralph Hall | School of Social Science and International Studies | Room G25, Morven Brown Building | Sydney | Australia NSW 2052 | r.hall@unsw.edu.au | TLAR, Volume 1 , Number implementation problems and strategies for improving delivery. In view of the widespread use of peer mentoring programs, research is needed on the features that make them successful. The purpose of this paper is to identify, through evaluation feedback, those components of the program that are successful and to ascertain where deficiencies exist so that new components can be devised to address these deficiencies. Through this process an exemplary peer-mentoring program can be developed that addresses the needs of students new to university study and helps reduce the high attrition levels among this group.
Robust Pixel Gain Calibration with Limited Statistics (2019)

Pixel detectors typically display pixel-to-pixel gain variation of a few percent which result in reduced spectroscopic performance. We have developed a calibration method which relies on cross-correlating histograms of many pixel pairs and obtaining large sets of relative shifts. These were subsequently used to calculate absolute pixel shifts and corresponding pixel gains. We demonstrate that this method yields stable gain calibration maps with an order of magnitude less statistics than required by typical approaches. Finally, we demonstrate the accuracy of the method by comparing with gain maps obtained with good statistics and monochromatic radiation at a synchrotron beamline.
The HNCO heat of formation and the N–H and C–N bond enthalpies from initial state selected photodissociation (1996)

We measure upper limits for the bond enthalpies of the N–H and C–N bonds in HNCO by observation of photodissociation appearance thresholds for the NCO (X2Π) and NH (a1Δ) fragments from initially selected HNCO vibrational states. The upper limit of the dissociation energy of the H–N bond is D0(H–NCO)≤109.6±0.4 kcal/mol and that of the N–C bond is D0 (HN–CO)≤122.1±0.3 kcal/mol. Observation of unrelaxed fragment quantum state distributions at fixed energies supports the bond enthalpy measurement. The two appearance thresholds, together with known heats of formation of NH, NCO, H, and CO, provide two independent methods of calculating the HNCO heat of formation. Both methods give a value of ΔHf00 (HNCO)≥−27.7±1.1 kcal/mol. The consistency of the two methods for calculating ΔHf00 (HNCO) suggests that the actual bond enthalpies for the N–H and C–N bonds are close to the upper limits from the measurement.
NEURONAL SUBSTRATES OF COMPLEX BEHAVIORS IN C. ELEGANS (2005)

A current challenge in neuroscience is to bridge the gaps between genes, proteins, neurons, neural circuits, and behavior in a single animal model. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has unique features that facilitate this synthesis. Its nervous system includes exactly 302 neurons, and their pattern of synaptic connectivity is known. With only five olfactory neurons, C. elegans can dynamically respond to dozens of attractive and repellent odors. Thermosensory neurons enable the nematode to remember its cultivation temperature and to track narrow isotherms. Polymodal sensory neurons detect a wide range of nociceptive cues and signal robust escape responses. Pairing of sensory stimuli leads to long-lived changes in behavior consistent with associative learning. Worms exhibit social behaviors and complex ultradian rhythms driven by Ca(2+) oscillators with clock-like properties. Genetic analysis has identified gene products required for nervous system function and elucidated the molecular and neural bases of behaviors.
Biomedical Informatics in chronic infectious and inflammatory disease research: periodontitis as a case study (2006)

The management and control of chronic inflammatory diseases are a major challenge for the health systems of all the European countries. Data collection using new approaches in the field of Biomedical Informatics (BMI) gives the opportunity to build large datasets that can be analyzed. The development and implication of new data warehouse tools that become available for clinicians and researchers, will allow use of newly developed techniques in data mining and visualization. New tools in these fields will help in meta-learning. This opens up new steps towards understanding the (relative) roles of various proposed etiologic factors. The current case study, i.e. periodontitis, will serve as a model for complex chronic inflammatory diseases. A periodontitis data warehouse (PDW) has been structured with the INFOBIOMED network and allows an integrative research approach, where the new field of BMI will contribute to new insights in chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases.