gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estrogen Elicits Dorsal Root Ganglion Axon Sprouting via a Renin-Angiotensin System (2008)

Many painful conditions occur more frequently in women, and estrogen is a predisposing factor. Estrogen may contribute to some pain syndromes by enhancing axon outgrowth by sensory dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The objective of the present study was to define mechanisms by which estrogen elicits axon sprouting. The estrogen receptor-alpha agonist propyl pyrazole triol induced neurite outgrowth from cultured neonatal DRG neurons, whereas the estrogen receptor-beta agonist diarylpropionitrile was ineffective. 17beta-Estradiol (E2) elicited sprouting from peripherin-positive unmyelinated neurons, but not larger NF200-positive myelinated neurons. Microarray analysis showed that E2 up-regulates angiotensin II (ANGII) receptor type 2 (AT2) mRNA in vitro, and studies in adult rats confirmed increased DRG mRNA and protein in vivo. AT2 plays a central role in E2-induced axon sprouting because AT2 blockade by PD123,319 eliminated estrogen-mediated sprouting in vitro. We assessed whether AT2 may be responding to locally synthesized ANGII. DRG from adult rats expressed mRNA for renin, angiotensinogen, and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and protein products were present and occasionally colocalized within neurons and other DRG cells. We determined if locally synthesized ANGII plays a role in estrogen-mediated sprouting by blocking its formation using the ACE inhibitor enalapril. ACE inhibition prevented estrogen-induced neuritogenesis. These findings support the hypothesis that estrogen promotes DRG nociceptor axon sprouting by up-regulating the AT2 receptor, and that locally synthesized ANGII can induce axon formation. Therefore, estrogen may contribute to some pain syndromes by enhancing the pro-neuritogenic effects of AT2 activation by ANGII.
Variation of host resistance to influenza viruses in the allantois (1959)

1. Methods are described for altering the susceptibility of the surviving allantois to infection by influenza viruses. 2. Under natural conditions susceptibility is a linear function of age between 10 and 18 days of incubation. The drop is 0·11 log 10 unit per day for all strains of influenza tested. 3. In whole eggs this decline is masked by the effect of acid allantoic fluid which prevents infection when the pH falls below 6. The effect is not directed against the virus particle, nor does it do permanent damage to the cell, as surviving tissues are equally susceptible whatever the pH of the allantoic fluid that bathed them in ovo . 4. Surviving membranes can be made less susceptible by incubating the eggs at 35° rather than 38° C.; by maintenance for 24 hr. in vitro ; by use of deficient or inappropriate medium. These methods lower susceptibility more for some strains than for others. 5. All treatments which lower susceptibility also increase its variation from egg to egg.
Restoration of coronary microvascular function by OGA overexpression in a high-fat diet with low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice (2023)

Sustained hyperglycemia results in excess protein <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation, leading to vascular complications in diabetes. This study aims to investigate the role of <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation in the progression of coronary microvascular disease (CMD) in inducible type 2 diabetic (T2D) mice generated by a high-fat diet with a single injection of low-dose streptozotocin. Inducible T2D mice exhibited an increase in protein <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation in cardiac endothelial cells (CECs) and decreases in coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR, an indicator of coronary microvascular function) and capillary density accompanied by increased endothelial apoptosis in the heart. Endothelial-specific <i>O</i>-GlcNAcase (OGA) overexpression significantly lowered protein <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation in CECs, increased CFVR and capillary density, and decreased endothelial apoptosis in T2D mice. OGA overexpression also improved cardiac contractility in T2D mice. OGA gene transduction augmented angiogenic capacity in high-glucose treated CECs. PCR array analysis revealed that seven out of 92 genes show significant differences among control, T2D, and T2D + OGA mice, and <i>Sp1</i> might be a great target for future study, the level of which was significantly increased by OGA in T2D mice. Our data suggest that reducing protein <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation in CECs has a beneficial effect on coronary microvascular function, and OGA is a promising therapeutic target for CMD in diabetic patients.
Quantitative Network Monitoring with NetQRE (2017)

In network management today, dynamic updates are required for traffic engineering and for timely response to security threats. Decisions for such updates are based on monitoring network traffic to compute numerical quantities based on a variety of network and application-level performance metrics. Today's state-of-the-art tools lack programming abstractions that capture application or session-layer semantics, and thus require network operators to specify and reason about complex state machines and interactions across layers. To address this limitation, we present the design and implementation of NetQRE, a high-level declarative toolkit that aims to simplify the specification and implementation of such quantitative network policies. NetQRE integrates regular-expression-like pattern matching at flow-level as well as application-level payloads with aggregation operations such as sum and average counts. We describe a compiler for NetQRE that automatically generates an efficient implementation with low memory footprint. Our evaluation results demonstrate that NetQRE allows natural specification of a wide range of quantitative network tasks ranging from detecting security attacks to enforcing application-layer network management policies. NetQRE results in high performance that is comparable with optimized manually-written low-level code and is significantly more efficient than alternative solutions, and can provide timely enforcement of network policies that require quantitative network monitoring.
Compact adaptive optics line scanning retinal imager; closer to the clinic (2014)

The performance of clinical confocal SLO and OCT imagers is limited by ocular aberrations. Adaptive optics (AO) addresses this problem, but most research systems are large, complex, and less well suited to the clinical environment. PSI's recently developed compact retinal imager is designed for rapid, automated generation of cone photoreceptor density maps. The device has a compact foot-print suitable for clinical deployment. The system previously presented at Photonics West and ARVO 2013 has been upgraded to include numerous new features that support clinical research applications. These upgrades significantly enhance the capabilities of the imager, providing the clinician with simultaneously-acquired (registered) en face photoreceptor images and AO-OCT retinal cross-sections.
Advanced Stirling Radioisotope Generator Engineering Unit 2 (ASRG EU2) Final Assembly (2015)

NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) has recently completed the assembly of a unique Stirling generator test article for laboratory experimentation. Under the Advanced Stirling Radioisotope Generator (ASRG) flight development contract, NASA GRC initiated a task to design and fabricate a flight-like generator for in-house testing. This test article was given the name ASRG Engineering Unit 2 (EU2) as it was effectively the second engineering unit to be built within the ASRG project. The intent of the test article was to duplicate Lockheed Martin's qualification unit ASRG design as much as possible to enable system-level tests not previously possible at GRC. After the cancellation of the ASRG flight development project, the decision was made to continue the EU2 build, and make use of a portion of the hardware from the flight development project. GRC and Lockheed Martin engineers collaborated to develop assembly procedures, leveraging the valuable knowledge gathered by Lockheed Martin during the ASRG development contract. The ASRG EU2 was then assembled per these procedures at GRC with Lockheed Martin engineers on site. The assembly was completed in August 2014. This paper details the components that were used for the assembly, and the assembly process itself.
Mini-incubators improve the adventitious rooting performance of Corymbia and Eucalyptus microcuttings according to the environment in which they are conditioned (2017)

We addressed a major challenge in the in vitro clonal propagation of Corymbia citriodora, Eucalyptus urophylla and E. benthamii by using an ex vitro adventitious rooting strategy in a mini-incubator. Mini-incubators were placed in four environments for rooting. A shade house with no fogging system and a greenhouse with no ventilation but with a fogging environment had the best performance in terms of rooting, root growth and survival of microcuttings. Daily recording of the temperature within each mini-incubator in each environment allowed the verification of negative correlations between the maximum average temperature and the survival, adventitious rooting and root growth. The ideal maximum air temperature for the efficient production of clonal plants was 28.4°C (± 5.5°C), and the minimum was 20.3°C (± 6.2°C). E. benthamii was more sensitive to higher temperatures than C. citriodora and E. urophylla. Nevertheless, placing mini-incubators in the shade house with no fogging system resulted in a stable and uniform performance among the three species, with 100.0% survival and 81.4% rooting. Histological sections of the adventitious roots revealed connection with the stem vascular cambium. Therefore, our experimental system demonstrated the potential of mini-incubators coupled with the proper environment to optimize the adventitious rooting performance of microcuttings.
Comorbidity and competing risks for mortality in men with prostate cancer (2011)

Men with the highest Charlson scores should consider conservative management of low-risk and intermediate-risk tumors, given their exceedingly high risk of death from other causes and low risk of prostate cancer mortality.
Drones Heading Toward Remote Sensing Platforms [From the Editor] (2018)

Presents the introductory editorial for this issue of the publication.
Coverage Analysis of Joint Localization and Communication in THz Systems with 3D Arrays (2022)

&lt;p&gt;As a key enabler of Terahertz (THz)-based wireless technologies, large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output systems are well known for their advantages in both communication and localization. Different from existing works that mostly focus on planar arrays, this paper first explores the potential of the three-dimensional (3D) spatial array structure in joint localization and communication coverage enhancement. We consider a THz-band wireless system where a user is equipped with a 3D array receiving downlink far-field signals from multiple base stations with known positions and orientations over Rician fading channels. First, we derive the constrained Cramér-Rao bound (CCRB) for the localization (i.e., position and orientation estimation) performance, based on which we define the localization coverage metrics. Then, we derive the communication key performance indicators (KPIs) including instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, outage probability, and ergodic capacity, and define the corresponding coverage metrics. To facilitate localization applications using 3D arrays, a maximum likelihood-based algorithm for joint user equipment (UE) position and orientation estimation is proposed, which is initialized by a least squares-based solution. Our numerical results show the 3D array configuration offers overall higher coverage than the planar array w.r.t. both localization and communication KPIs, although with minor performance loss in certain UE positions and orientations. The proposed localization algorithm is also verified to be efficient in simulations as it attains the derived CCRB.&lt;/p&gt;
Cloud Governance (2020)

Corporate governance has received a lot of prominence since the accounting scandals of the early 2000s. Corporate governance not only includes maintaining correct financial records, but also the information technology aspects of the corporation. These include cyber security governance, artificial intelligence governance and cloud governance. Most corporations are migrating their data, software and processes to the cloud and therefore it is critical that the cloud be governed by appropriate policies and procedures. We also need cloud governance frameworks. The roles and responsibilities of the people involved have to be clearly identified. In this paper we discuss some of the essential points of cloud governance.
Analysis of All-Solid Li-Ion Batteries By Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Experimental Procedures, Interpretation and Results (2015)

Electrochemical devices such as lithium-ion secondary batteries consist of complex layer systems with interfaces and interphases that play a crucial role in cell performance and degradation. The understanding of the energy level alignment and double layer formation especially at electrode-electrolyte interfaces is therefore mandatory. Photoelectron Spectroscopy (PES) is a reliant tool and widely accepted method in surface science to probe the electronic structure of thin, electronically conducting layer systems on a nanometer scale, e.g. of semiconductor devices. For such systems, an aligned Fermi level (i.e. electrochemical potential of electrons) can usually be presumed resulting in well-defined experimental conditions for PES. For ionic systems involving (solid) electrolytes, the experimental conditions are less clear due to the lack of sufficient electronic conductivity. Nevertheless, also in such cases PES proofs to be a useful tool, i.e. for analysis of solid electrolytes or characterization of full cells and interfaces [1]. In this contribution, we focus on the different electrolyte- and ionic-interface related effects, such as charging and Fermi level misalignment, and discuss experimental strategies and interpretation of PES measurements. By example of a LiCoO2|LiPON|Li thin film battery, we demonstrate how interface experiments and analysis of the top electrode of a layer stack can be performed and interpreted. Key factors taken into consideration are the electrochemical equilibrium of the lithium ions at the interfaces as well as the ability of the electrolyte to sustain an electric (ionic) current, given corresponding (de)intercalation reactions are triggered. Next to information on electron energy level alignment and double layer formation, information on ion energy levels, ionic and electronic contribution to cell voltage, formation of reaction layers as well as electronic structure of intercalation electrodes can be obtained from suitable experiments (see e.g.[1-3]). 1. Hausbrand, R., D. Becker, and W. Jaegermann, A surface science approach to cathode/electrolyte interfaces in Li-ion batteries: Contact properties, charge transfer and reactions. Progress in Solid State Chemistry, 2014. 42 (4): p. 175-183. 2. Tonti, D., C. Pettenkofer, and W. Jaegermann, In-Situ Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of a TiS2 Thin Film Cathode in an Operating Na Intercalation Electrochemical Cell. Ionics, 2000. 6 (3-4): p. 196-202. 3. Schwöbel, A., R. Hausbrand, and W. Jaegermann, Interface reactions between LiPON and lithium studied by in-situ X-ray photoemission. Solid State Ionics, in press.
Human melanoma cells transcribe interleukin 1 genes identical to those of monocytes. (1991)

Two molecular species of the pleotropic cytokine interleukin 1 (IL-1) are produced as products of two distinct genes transcribed by cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. We have shown previously that a significant proportion of human melanoma cell lines express IL-1 biological activity, but it has not been demonstrated that this activity is the same as authentic monocyte IL-1 alpha and -beta. Here we report the cloning and sequencing of IL-1 complementary DNAs from a metastatic melanoma cell line and demonstrate that they encode bona fide IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta. In addition, IL-1 complementary DNAs encoding a different amino acid at position 145 were revealed.
Active Learning Literature Survey (2009)

The key idea behind active learning is that a machine learning algorithm can achieve greater accuracy with fewer training labels if it is allowed to choose the data from which it learns. An active learner may pose queries, usually in the form of unlabeled data instances to be labeled by an oracle (e.g., a human annotator). Active learning is well-motivated in many modern machine learning problems, where unlabeled data may be abundant or easily obtained, but labels are difficult, time-consuming, or expensive to obtain. This report provides a general introduction to active learning and a survey of the literature. This includes a discussion of the scenarios in which queries can be formulated, and an overview of the query strategy frameworks proposed in the literature to date. An analysis of the empirical and theoretical evidence for successful active learning, a summary of problem setting variants and practical issues, and a discussion of related topics in machine learning research are also
Interval Routing (1987)

An interval routing scheme is a general method of routing messages in a distributive network using compact routing tables. In this paper, concepts related to optimal interval routing schemes are introduced and explored. Several problems concerning the insertion of nodes and joining of separate networks by a new link to form larger ones are considered. Various applications to distributed computing are given. In particular, leader-finding and generation of spanning trees in arbitrary networks are shown to require at most O(N+E) messages when a suitable interval routing scheme is available.
Characterization and In Vitro Cyto-compatibility of Hydroxyapatite Bio Ceramics (2022)

International audience
What can visual content analysis do for text based image search? (2009)

Modern image search engines such as Google, Yahoo!, Microsoft Live image search are all text meta word based. To search for images, the users type in a text query and the search engines rank the result images almost sorely based on the text meta-words. The abundant visual information in the images themselves is largely neglected. Recently, we have observed several new features released in the aforementioned image search engines, especially Microsoft Live image search, which are clearly based on the analysis of the visual content. We summarize some of these features, give insights about how they are designed, and motivate new content analysis based features for text based image search engines.
Performance characteristics of microcomputer Prolog implementations. (1986)

In this paper we present the results of several different categories of benchmarks performed on microcomputer PROLOG interpreters and compilers. These tests were found useful in our lab in determining optimal environments for research in several different categories of non-numerical applications. The PROLOG clause sets, as well as the benchmark results, are provided.
Solving nucleic acid structures by molecular replacement: examples from group II intron studies (2013)

Structured RNA molecules are key players in ensuring cellular viability. It is now emerging that, like proteins, the functions of many nucleic acids are dictated by their tertiary folds. At the same time, the number of known crystal structures of nucleic acids is also increasing rapidly. In this context, molecular replacement will become an increasingly useful technique for phasing nucleic acid crystallographic data in the near future. Here, strategies to select, create and refine molecular-replacement search models for nucleic acids are discussed. Using examples taken primarily from research on group II introns, it is shown that nucleic acids are amenable to different and potentially more flexible and sophisticated molecular-replacement searches than proteins. These observations specifically aim to encourage future crystallographic studies on the newly discovered repertoire of noncoding transcripts.
Probabilistic location of a populated chessboard using computer vision (2010)

Development of autonomic chess-playing robots creates several interesting computer vision problems, including plane calibration and object recognition. Various solutions have been attempted, but most either require a modified chess set or place unreasonable constraints on board conditions and camera angles. A more general solution uses computer vision to automatically determine arbitrary chessboard location and identify chessmen on a standard, unmodified chess set. Although much work has been devoted to probabilistic image recognition in general, this paper presents a novel solution to the specific chessboard location problem that is accurate, less restrictive, and relatively time efficient.
Verification of spray breakup model in nozzle for direct injection gasoline engine (2020)

The Purpose of this study is to construct a spray breakup model that can predict the breakup process of direct injection gasoline spray with high accuracy by paying attention to the breakup form of spray directly under the injection hole of the nozzle for direct injection gasoline engine.
Table S4 from N-Glycosylation Patterns Correlate with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Genetic Subtypes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;N-glycan structures increased in non-tumor tissue cores compared to tumor tissue cores in the tissue micro-array&lt;/p&gt;
Virtualization Mechanisms for Mobility, Security and System Administration (2010)

This dissertation demonstrates that operating system virtualization is an effective method for solving many different types of computing problems. We have designed novel systems that make use of commodity software while solving problems that were not conceived when the software was originally written. We show that by leveraging and extending existing virtualization techniques, and introducing new ones, we can build these novel systems without requiring the applications or operating systems to be rewritten. We introduce six architectures that leverage operating system virtualization. *Pod creates fully secure virtual environments and improves user mobility. AutoPod reduces the downtime needed to apply kernel patches and perform system maintenance. PeaPod creates least-privilege systems by introducing the pea abstraction. Strata improves the ability of administrators to manage large numbers of machines by introducing the Virtual Layered File System. Apiary builds upon Strata to create a new form of desktop security by using isolated persistent and ephemeral application containers. Finally, ISE-T applies the two-person control model to system administration.
Multiplex Communication with Synchronous Shift and Weight Learning in 2D Mesh Neural Network (2015)

We have previously proposed a multiplex communication system in a neural network. However, this system is designed to force the network to communicate in a multiplexed manner, in which “codes” or “temporal sequences” are inevitably induced. This means that the network has a main loop and coding/decoding circuits, which are somewhat artificial. In this paper, we show that it is also possible to communicate without these artificial guidance aids by multiplexing in a 2D mesh-type neural network, where learning procedures are used to find paths from an originating neuron to a destination neuron. We also provide statistics from these neural networks to show that random sequences occur more frequently than non-random sequences.