gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Does Gener Impact the Immune Response of Chicks? (2017)

Sequencing technology allows us tosee how the gene expression of each genechanges under different treatment conditions. In this study, chicks of two inbred lines were challenged with Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), a pathogen with devastating impacts on poultry throughout the world. At each of the three time points post-infection, one-third of the chicks were sacraficed and their lungs were harvested. When comparing males and females infected with NDV, differences in gene expression that were predicted to impact growth and apoptosis were identified. Differences between the response of males and females to viral challenges could be useful information for production operations. The interaction between production traits and immune related traits require further study.
Intrusion detection using mobile agents in wireless ad hoc networks (2003)

In this paper we propose a distributed intrusion detection system for ad hoc wireless networks based on mobile agent technology. Wireless networks are particularly vulnerable to intrusion, as they operate in open medium, and use cooperative strategies for network communications. By efficiently merging audit data from multiple network sensors, we analyze the entire ad hoc wireless network for intrusions and try to inhibit intrusion attempts. In contrast to many intrusion detection systems designed for wired networks, we implement an efficient and bandwidth-conscious framework that targets intrusion at multiple levels and takes into account the distributed nature of ad hoc wireless network management and decision policies.
Volume of the crocodilian brain and endocast during ontogeny (2017)

Understanding complex situations and planning difficult actions require a brain of appropriate size. Animal encephalisation provides an indirect information about these abilities. The brain is entirely composed of soft tissue and, as such, rarely fossilises. As a consequence, the brain proportions and morphology of some extinct vertebrates are usually only inferred from their neurocranial endocasts. However, because the morphological configuration of the brain is not fully reflected in the endocast, knowledge of the brain/endocast relationship is essential (especially the ratio of brain volume to endocast volume or the equivalent proportion of interstitial tissue) for studying the endocasts of extinct animals. Here we assess the encephalic volume and structure of modern crocodilians. The results we obtained using ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging reveal how the endoneurocranial cavity and brain compartments of crocodilians change configuration during ontogeny. We conclude that the endocasts of adult crocodilians are elongated and expanded while their brains are more linearly organised. The highest proportion of brain tissue to endocast volume is in the prosencephalon at over 50% in all but the largest animals, whereas the proportion in other brain segments is under 50% in all but the smallest animals and embryos. Our results may enrich the field of palaeontological study by offering more precise phylogenetic interpretations of the neuroanatomic characteristics of extinct vertebrates at various ontogenetic stages.
Computing Iceberg Queries Efficiently (1998)

Many applications compute aggregate functions over an attribute (or set of attributes) to find aggregate values above some specified threshold. We call such queries iceberg queries, because the number of abovethreshold results is often very small (the tip of an iceberg), relative to the large amount of input data (the iceberg). Such iceberg queries are common in many applications, including data warehousing, information-retrieval, market basket analysis in data mining, clustering and copy detection. We propose efficient algorithms to evaluate iceberg queries using very little memory and significantly fewer passes over data, when compared to current techniques that use sorting or hashing. We present an experimental case study using over three gigabytes of Web data to illustrate the savings obtained by our algorithms. 1 Introduction In this paper we develop efficient execution strategies for an important class of queries that we call iceberg queries. An iceberg query performs an aggre...
Synthesis and fluorescence of N‐substituted‐1,8‐naphthalimides (1986)

Abstract A number of novel N ‐substituted‐1,8‐naphthalimides have been prepared and their fluorescence yields measured in water at p H 7.4. The type of substitutent and the substitution pattern on the naphthalimide nucleus produce markedly different fluorescence yields, (quantum efficiencies, ø varying from ø = 0‐0037 for N ‐(3‐N'‐morpholino‐1‐propyl)‐4‐amino‐3‐methoxy‐1,8‐naphthalirnide (7) to ø = 0–77 for N ‐(3‐bromopropyl)‐4‐acetamido‐1,8‐naphthalimide (31).
Serum Aldosterone Concentrations and Urine Output in Oliguric Intensive Care Unit Patients Receiving Low-Dose Dopamine (1994)

Low-dose dopamine significantly increases urine output and urine sodium excretion in oliguric, critically ill, surgical patients, and is associated with a decrease in serum aldosterone concentration. The diuretic and natriuretic effects of low-dose dopamine may be, in part, related to a dopamine-mediated inhibition of aldosterone secretion.
One-pot synthesis of an inorganic heterostructure: uniform occlusion of magnetite nanoparticles within calcite single crystals (2013)

A facile one-pot method is described for the formation of novel heterostructures in which inorganic nanoparticles are homogeneously distributed throughout an inorganic single crystal matrix. Our strategy uses nanoparticles functionalised with a poly(sodium 4-styrenesulphonate)-poly(methacrylic acid) [PNaStS-PMAA] diblock copolymer as a soluble crystal growth additive. This copolymer plays a number of essential roles. The PMAA anchor block is physically adsorbed onto the inorganic nanoparticles, while the PNaStS block acts as an electrosteric stabiliser and ensures that the nanoparticles retain their colloidal stability in the crystal growth solution. In addition, this strong acid block promotes binding to both the nanoparticles and the host crystal, which controls nanoparticle incorporation within the host crystal lattice. We show that this approach can be used to achieve encapsulation loadings of at least 12 wt% copolymer-coated magnetite particles within calcite single crystals. Transmission electron microscopy shows that these nanoparticles are uniformly distributed throughout the calcite, and that the crystal lattice retains its continuity around the embedded magnetite particles. Characterisation of these calcite/magnetite nanocomposites confirmed their magnetic properties. This new experimental approach is expected to be quite general, such that a small family of block copolymers could be used to drive the incorporation of a wide range of pre-prepared nanoparticles into host crystals, giving intimate mixing of phases with contrasting properties, while limiting nanoparticle aggregation and migration.
P2GS.27 - Self-Assembled MoO3 Nano Golf Balls: A Trimethylamine Gas Sensor (2018)

Development of trimethylamine (TMA) sensor is of potential interest, since TMA is one of the biomarkers of sea food quality / freshness assessment. In this context, self-assembled MoO3 golf ball like nanospheres based sensing element was fabricated using spray pyrolysis technique. Investigations were carried-out to understand the growth features by varying the substrate temperature in the interval of 50 K from 523 K to 623 K. An intermediate tetragonal phase molybdenum compound was formed at 523 K and it was completely transformed to MoO3 with orthorhombic phase at higher deposition temperatures. Surface morphology revealed the nanorod structure for the molybdenum intermediate compound and it was transformed to self-assembled golf ball like nanospheres. The stoichiometry of molybdenum oxide was found to be 3+ and it was confirmed through the stretching mode of terminal oxygen (Mo 6+ = O) from Raman spectra. Presence of Mo oxidation levels such as 3p, 3d and 4p were revealed by the XPS analysis. Further, room temperature gas sensing signatures were recorded employing customized gas sensing chamber and it was found that all the sensing elements were highly selective and sensitive towards TMA. Golf ball like nanospheres deposited at 623 K showed a maximum response of 335 towards 100 ppm of TMA at room temperature with response and recovery times of 40 and 56 s respectively.
Insights from Stratigraphic Modeling: Mud-Limited Versus Sand-Limited Depositional Systems (1995)

Quantitative stratigraphic modeling provides new perspectives on the controls on basin-fill stacking patterns, gross lithology distributions, and submarine fan deposition in siliciclastic systems. Our modeling relates basin-fill geometries to the ratio of space creation vs. sediment supply. Facies components differentially distribute sand/mud mixtures below rising base-level surfaces across a basin profile. We model alluvial architecture, shoreline position, shelf width, and the occurrence of turbidite sands as a function of relative base-level rise and varying receiving-basin geometries. Slope unconformities and onlapping submarine fans are the erosional and depositional responses to changing basin physiography. Sediment budgeting reveals two types of siliciclastic systems. Sand-limited systems develop in shallow basins or on basin-margin platforms; have broad, muddy, wave-graded shelves; and are subject to exposure and major basinward shifts of shoreline with minor sea level falls. Mud-limited systems develop during progradation into deep-water basins, have narrow shelves with turbidites in a base-of-slope position, and are not particularly susceptible to major basinward shifts in facies. We emphasize the fundamental importance of basin physiography and lithology budgeting, as well as sea level, in contrast to eustatically based models. In addition to accommodation and sediment supply, alluvial architecture and basin depth also act as primary controls on shelf width, basin-fill geometry, and submarine fan deposition.
Study by Nuclear Microanalysis and O18 Tracer Techniques of the Oxygen Transport Processes and the Growth Laws for Porous Anodic Oxide Layers on Aluminum (1973)

The method of nuclear microanalysis of stable oxygen isotopes by the reactions was used to investigate the mechanisms of growth, dissolution, and transport associated with oxygen during the formation of relatively thin (≤7000Aå) porous anodic layers on aluminum. The average charge associated with an oxygen ion fixed in the film was calculated on. the basis of the direct measurement of sulfur incorporation in the films. The current efficiency of the oxidation was determined (and found to be low, ∼55%) by comparing the amount of oxygen fixed on the metal surface deduced from nuclear microanalysis to that deduced from the amount of charge fed into the circuit. The rate of chemical dissolution of the oxide was measured in open circuit and under polarization and was found to be two orders of magnitude lower than that which would explain the low current efficiency. Hence the existence of an electrochemical process of cation transfer must be assumed. It was found, by using oxygen 18 tracer techniques, that the growing oxide layer is formed at the metal/oxide interface by oxygen transport through the base layer. The results show that about 60% of the ionic current is transported by oxygen ions and about 40% by cations during the growth of porous oxide layers on aluminum.
Design of Switching Current Sensor for Three-Phase SiC Inverter (2021)

This paper proposes an offset compensation method of the switching current sensor for the current control of the three-phase SiC inverter. Switching current sensors with Rogowski coils, which have analog signal processing circuits implemented with the operational amplifier (op amp), are integrated into the four-layer PCB gate drive board; in the end, the phase currents are reconstructed with the op amp subtractor. To eliminate the op amp offset voltage and bias current effect on the sensor output, an offset compensation S/W algorithm is proposed. A three-phase SiC inverter prototype was built and tested with the three-phase load to verify the feasibility of the method.
Diffused silicon nonlinear capacitors (1959)

Diffused silicon nonlinear capacitors have been fabricated by solid-state diffusion. The resulting graded p-n junction is a planar structure which permits low series resistance R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</inf> relative to the minimum capacitance <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C_{\min}</tex> , which is measured at a reverse voltage slightly less than the breakdown voltage. A cutoff frequency <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f_{c} = (2\piR_{s}C_{\min})^{-1}</tex> is used as a figure of merit; values up to 150 kmc have been obtained. These "varactor" diodes may be used as UHF and microwave amplifiers and as harmonic generators. The noise figures of the UHF amplifiers are better than the best noise figures obtainable by present electron-tube techniques. These diodes are also efficient harmonic generators.
Target-antigen Detection and Localization of Human Amniotic-derived Cells after in Utero Transplantation in Rats. (2015)

Human amniotic-derived cells (hAMCs) have recently raised interest for their differentiation capability and immunomodulatory properties. To assess the feasibility of hAMCs therapeutic treatment during fetal development, we explored the localization of cells derived from the human amniotic membrane in rat organs after in utero transplantation. Rats were sacrificed at different time points and their organs were analyzed for the distribution of hAMCs by immunohistochemistry using an antibody against Human Cytoplasm and through detection of human DNA. Immunohistochemical and PCR analysis showed that most of the rat tissues presented human cells/DNA suggesting a widespread migration of hAMCs after transplantation. We developed an efficient target-antigen detection method based on an immunohistochemical technique that resulted to be highly specific and sensitive to identify the hAMCs into rat tissues.
Constructing reality (2007)

Laboratories play a crucial role in the education of future scientists and engineers, yet there is disagreement among science and engineering educators about whether and which types of technology-enabled labs should be used. This debate could be advanced by large-scale randomized studies addressing the critical issue of whether remotely operated or simulation-based labs are as effective as the traditional hands-on lab format. The present article describes the results of a large-scale (N = 306) study comparing learning outcomes and student preferences for several different lab formats in an undergraduate engineering course. The lab formats that were evaluated included traditional hands-on labs, remotely operated labs, and simulations. Learning outcomes were assessed by a test of the specific concepts taught in each lab. These knowledge scores were as high or higher (depending on topic) after performing remote and simulated laboratories versus performing hands-on laboratories. In their responses to survey items, many students saw advantages to technology-enabled lab formats in terms of such attributes as convenience and reliability, but still expressed preference for hands-on labs. Also, differences in lab formats led to changes in group functions across the plan-experiment-analyze process: For example, students did less face-to-face work when engaged in remote or simulated laboratories, as opposed to hands-on laboratories.
A Novel Allele of kaiA Shortens the Circadian Period and Strengthens Interaction of Oscillator Components in the Cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (2009)

The basic circadian oscillator of the unicellular fresh water cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, the model organism for cyanobacterial circadian clocks, consists of only three protein components: KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC. These proteins, all of which are homomultimers, periodically interact to form large protein complexes with stoichiometries that depend on the phosphorylation state of KaiC. KaiA stimulates KaiC autophosphorylation through direct physical interactions. Screening a library of S. elongatus transposon mutants for circadian clock phenotypes uncovered an atypical short-period mutant that carries a kaiA insertion. Genetic and biochemical analyses showed that the short-period phenotype is caused by the truncation of KaiA by three amino acid residues at its C terminus. The disruption of a negative element upstream of the kaiBC promoter was another consequence of the insertion of the transposon; when not associated with a truncated kaiA allele, this mutation extended the circadian period. The circadian rhythm of KaiC phosphorylation was conserved in these mutants, but with some modifications in the rhythmic pattern of KaiC phosphorylation, such as the ratio of phosphorylated to unphosphorylated KaiC and the relative phase of the circadian phosphorylation peak. The results showed that there is no correlation between the phasing of the KaiC phosphorylation pattern and the rhythm of gene expression, measured as bioluminescence from luciferase reporter genes. The interaction between KaiC and the truncated KaiA was stronger than normal, as shown by fluorescence anisotropy analysis. Our data suggest that the KaiA-KaiC interaction and the circadian pattern of KaiC autophosphorylation are both important for determining the period, but not the relative phasing, of circadian rhythms in S. elongatus.
Cleaning and doping of CVD graphene using tailored voltage waveform capacitively coupled plasma (2015)

International audience
Analytical Modeling of UAV-to-Vehicle Propagation Channels in Built-Up Areas (2019)

This letter presents an analytical path loss model for air-ground (AG) propagation between unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and ground-based vehicles. We consider built-up areas, such as the ones defined by ITU-R. The three-dimensional (3D) path loss model is based on propagation conditions and essential parameters are derived by using geometric methods. Owing to the generality, the analytical model is capable of arbitrary deployments of buildings, such as suburban, urban and dense urban. The analytical model is evaluated numerically, and validations conducted by ray-tracing simulations show the high accuracy of the proposed model. The closed-form analytical formulas provide a useful tool for quick and accurate prediction of UAV-to-vehicle propagation channels.
LTBP2 knockdown by siRNA reverses myocardial oxidative stress injury, fibrosis and remodelling during dilated cardiomyopathy (2019)

LTBP2 silencing can attenuate myocardial oxidative stress injury, myocardial fibrosis and myocardial remodelling in DCM rats by down-regulating the NF-κB signalling pathway.
Liquid crystal-based optical time delay units for phased array antennas (1994)

Novel two-dimensional (2-D) spatial light modulator (SLM)-based optical time delay units (OTDU's) using freespace/solid optics and fiber delays are introduced for phased array antenna and wideband signal processing applications. In particular, the mature nematic liquid crystal (NLC) SLM technology is considered for the proposed architectures. A 1/spl times/2 optical switch is demonstrated using a parallel-rub birefringent-mode NLC cell, a bulk optics cube polarizing beamsplitter, and a sheet polarizer. Switch measurements taken at 633 nm show a >3400:1 or >35 dB output port optical isolation. The 1/spl times/2 NLC switch is used to build a 1-bit, 3.33-ns-duration, free-space OTDU using mirrors and total internal reflection corner prisms. The unit demonstrated a >30 dB optical (or >60 dB electrical) signal-to-noise ratio for both delay and no-delay positions. A 1500 pixel NLC SLM is built, and a 128:1 or 21 dB on/off isolation is demonstrated limited by the digital drive electronics of thin-film transistor (TFT)-based pixel control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Pilot Study Investigating the Expression Levels of Pluripotency-Associated Genes in Rectal Swab Samples for Colorectal Polyp and Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis (2021)

Change in gene expression is inevitable in cancer development. With more studies demonstrating the contributions of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) development, this study is aimed at investigating whether rectal swab specimen serves as a tool for detection of dysregulation of CSC or stem cell (SC) markers and at evaluating its potential as a new promising screening method for high-risk patients. Expression levels of 15 pluripotency-associated genes were assessed by quantitative PCR in 53 rectal swab specimens referred for endoscopic screening. Dysregulated genes and joint panels based on such genes were examined for their diagnostic potentials for both polyp and CRC. Out of 15 genes, <i>Oct4</i>, <i>CD26</i>, <i>c-MYC</i>, and <i>CXCR4</i> showed significantly differential expression among normal, polyp, and CRC patients. A panel of <i>Oct4</i> and <i>CD26</i> showed an AUC value of 0.80 (<i>p</i> = 0.003) in identifying CRC patients from polyp/normal subjects, with sensitivity and specificity of 84.6% and 69.2%. A panel of <i>c-MYC</i> and <i>CXCR4</i> achieved CRC/polyp identification with an AUC value of 0.79 (<i>p</i> = 0.002), with a sensitivity of 82.8% and specificity of 80.0%. The sensitivity for polyp and CRC was 80.0% and 85.7%, respectively. Further analysis showed that higher <i>c-MYC</i> and <i>CXCR4</i> level was detected in normal subjects who developed polyps after 5-6 years, in comparison with subjects with no lesion developed, and the AUC of the <i>c-MYC</i> and <i>CXCR4</i> panel increased to 0.88 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with sensitivity and specificity of 84.4% and 92.3%, respectively, when these patients were included in the polyp group. This study suggests that the <i>Oct4</i> and <i>CD26</i> panel is a promising biomarker for distinguishing CRC from normal and polyp patients, whereas the <i>c-MYC</i> and <i>CXCR4</i> panel may identify polyp and CRC from normal individuals.
Dependence of lasing characteristics of quantum well lasers on substrate orientation: Tight-binding theory (1991)

Band-structure analysis using the tight-binding method indicates that there is a significant dependence of lasing properties of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well lasers on substrate orientation, which suggests the importance of choosing the substrate orientation carefully for improving lasing properties. These results are mainly due to changes in the in-plane effective mass of the heavy hole.