gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Short-wavelength solar-blind detectors-status, prospects, and markets (2002)

Recent advances in the research work on III-nitride semiconductors and Al/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/N materials in particular has renewed the interest and led to significant progress in the development of ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors able to detect light in the mid- and near-UV spectral region (/spl lambda//spl sim/200-400 nm). There have been a growing number of applications which require the use of such sensors and, in many of these, it is important to be able to sense UV light without detecting infrared or visible light, especially from the Sun, in order to minimize the chances of false detection or high background. The research work on short-wavelength UV detectors has, therefore, been recently focused on realizing short-wavelength "solar-blind" detectors which, by definition, are insensitive to photons with wavelengths longer than /spl sim/285 nm. In this paper the development of Al/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/N-based solar-blind UV detectors will be reviewed. The technological issues pertaining to material synthesis and device fabrication will be discussed. The current state-of-the-art and future prospects for these detectors will be reviewed and discussed.
Recovery from Total Acute Lung Failure After 20 Months of Extracorporeal Life Support (2019)

Since the first successful case report in 1972, extracorporeal life support or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has become a standard approach for severe respiratory failure unresponsive to other therapy. In the past, if there was no recovery by approximately 30 days or if right ventricular heart failure occurred, ECMO was discontinued and the patient died. More recently patients with severe lung disease have been maintained for months, as opposed to days, with eventual decannulation and recovery. We report the case of a child, 7 years old, with severe inhalational burn injury and rapid progression to multisystem organ failure. She was supported by ECMO with no lung function for almost 2 years. Central nervous system function remained normal and lung function recovered. This is the longest successful case of ECMO to date and prompts further discussion regarding "irreversible" lung injury.
Induction of DNA‐adducts and increase of 8‐hydroxy‐2‐deoxyguanosine, but no development of preneoplastic lesions in offspring liver with transplacental and trans‐breast milk exposure to 2‐amino‐3,8‐dimethylimidazo [4,5‐f]quinoxaline (MelQx) in rats (2004)

Humans may be exposed to 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f ]quinoxaline (MeIQx) at low doses during the period of gestation and lactation, and thereafter throughout life. The current study was designed to examine the possibility that early exposure may increase the risk of liver tumor development and related genetic changes. Male and female F344 rats were therefore administered MeIQx in diet (1, 10 and 100 ppm) for 4 weeks before mating and also during gestation and lactation. We also examined the carcinogenic risk of low-dose maternal and post-weaning exposure (MeIQx at doses of 1 and 10 ppm). Surviving male F1 rats were sacrificed under ether anesthesia at 19 weeks of age for analyses of glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive foci in the liver and aberrant crypt foci in the colon, as putative preneoplastic lesions. Transplacental and trans-breast milk exposure to MeIQx did not enhance development of the lesions, and levels of cell proliferation in the liver also did not differ from control values. However, excretion of MeIQx into breast milk and transfer to the fetus and offspring were observed with resultant hepatic MeIQx-DNA adducts and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine formation. Thus, our data suggest that maternal exposure to MeIQx during the period of pregnancy and lactation may not increase the risk of hepatocarcinogenesis in male offspring, despite causing genetic damage. If this result can be extrapolated to humans, exposure to MeIQx may not increase carcinogenic risk in offspring at usual human exposure levels.
Use of various genetic markers in differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis strains from animals and humans and for studying epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis (1994)

One hundred fifty-three Mycobacterium bovis strains from cattle, various animal species from zoos and wild parks, and humans were analyzed for three different genetic markers for use in the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis. M. bovis strains isolated from cattle were found to carry a single IS6110 element, whereas the majority of strains from other animals such as antelopes, monkeys, and seals harbored multiple IS6110 elements, suggesting that the reservoirs in cattle and wild animals are separated. Because the single IS6110 element in cattle strains is located at the same chromosomal position, strain differentiation by insertion sequence fingerprinting was hampered. Therefore, we investigated the usefulness of the direct repeat and polymorphic GC-rich repeat elements for strain differentiation. Both markers allowed sufficient strain discrimination for epidemiological purposes. Evidence is presented that in Argentina, most human M. bovis infections are due to transmission from cattle, whereas M. bovis infections among humans in the Netherlands are mainly contracted from animals other than cattle. Various outbreaks of M. bovis among animals and humans are described, including a small one which likely involved transmission from human to human.
Loss Increase of (LuNdBi)3(FeAl)5O12 Films Caused by Sputter Etching (1994)

Rib waveguides, which are made of magnetic garnet films of composition (LuNdBi) 3 (FeAl) 5 O 12 (LNB), fabricated by Ar sputter etching have large propagation loss in comparison with LNB slab waveguides. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used to investigate chemical states of constituent elements existing in the surface layer where a Ti mask has been deposited during the etching process. The analysis shows that Fe chemical shift due to Ar + ion bombardment can cause increase in the optical absorption loss, and hence the propagation loss. It is effective for suppressing the loss increase to employ a SiO 2 mask deposited onto LNB film instead of a Ti mask.
Effect of Topical 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-Ribofuranoside in a Mouse Model of Experimental Dry Eye (2015)

Topical application of 0.01% AICAR can markedly improve clinical signs and decrease inflammation in the ocular surface of EDE, suggesting that AICAR eye drops may be used as a therapeutic agent for dry eye disease.
RNA-Cholesterol Nanoparticles Function as Potent Immune Activators via TLR7 and TLR8 (2022)

The innate immune system senses viral and bacterial ribonucleic acid (RNA) <i>via</i> pattern recognition receptors (PRR) leading to subsequent activation of the immune system. One group of RNA sensors is formed by endosomal/lysosomal Toll-like receptors (TLR) such as TLR7 and TLR8. During viral or bacterial infection, immunostimulatory RNA is part of the pathogen reaching the endosomal/lysosomal compartment after cellular uptake. Synthetic single-stranded or double-stranded oligoribonucleotides (ORN) can mimic RNA from pathogens and are widely used as activating ligands for TLR7 and TLR8. However, one limitation in the use of synthetic ORN driven immune stimulation is the need for transfection reagents for RNA delivery into cells. Here we demonstrate that the conjugation of cholesterol to a double-stranded version of immunostimulatory RNA40 strongly enhanced RNA uptake into monocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells when compared to naked RNA. Cholesterol-conjugated RNA (RNA-chol) formed nanoparticles that were superior to RNA-liposomes complexes in regard to induction of type I interferon from human and murine plasmacytoid dendritic cells as well as proinflammatory cytokine production (e.g. TNF-α, IL12p70 or IL-6) in human monocytes. Furthermore, the RNA40-chol induced cytokines in human monocyte cultures supported T<sub>H1</sub> and T<sub>FH</sub> cell differentiation underscoring a strong adjuvant function of RNA-chol nanoparticles for adaptive immune responses. In summary, cholesterol-conjugated immunostimulatory RNA forms nanoparticles and functions as a potent immune adjuvant in human and murine immune cells. It further simplifies the use of immunostimulatory RNA by avoiding the need for liposomal transfection reagents.
Comparing Algorithms for Aggressive Driving Event Detection Based on Vehicle Motion Data (2021)

Aggressive driving is one of the main causes of fatal crashes. Correctly identifying aggressive driving events still represents a challenge in the literature. Furthermore, datasets available for testing the proposed approaches have some limitations since they generally (a) include only a few types of events, (b) contain data collected with only one device, and (c) are generated in drives that did not fully consider the variety of road characteristics and/or driving conditions. The main objective of this work is to compare the performance of several state-of-the-art algorithms for aggressive driving event detection (belonging to anomaly detection-, threshold- and machine learning-based categories) on multiple datasets containing sensors data collected with different devices (black-boxes and smartphones), on different vehicles and in different locations. A secondary objective is to verify whether smartphones could replace black-boxes in aggressive/non-aggressive classification tasks. To this aim, we propose the AD<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^2$</tex-math></inline-formula> (Aggressive Driving Detection) dataset, which contains (i) data collected using multiple devices to evaluate their influence on the algorithm performance, (ii) geographical data useful to analyze the context in which the events occurred, (iii) events recorded in different situations, and (iv) events generated by traveling the same path with aggressive and non-aggressive driving styles, in order to possibly separate the effects of driving style from those of road characteristics. Our experimental results highlighted the superiority of machine learning-based approaches and underlined the ability of smartphones to ensure a level of performance similar to that of black-boxes.
Surgical treatment for patients with solitary metastasis in the mediastinal lymph node from renal cell carcinoma (2009)

We performed surgical treatment on two patients, each with a solitary metastasis in a mediastinal lymph node from a renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The first case was a 58-year-old male with a chief complaint of chest discomfort due to pretracheal mediastinal lymph node (#3) swelling. He had undergone a right nephrectomy for RCC 13 years previously. Because of difficulty in establishing the diagnosis, a mini-thoracotomy was performed, and this lymphadenopathy was judged to be metastasis from the RCC. The pretracheal lymph nodes were completely resected, and he has experienced no recurrence for two years postoperatively. The second case was a 60-year-old female who had undergone a left nephrectomy for RCC two years previously. Because of the Botallo's lymph node (#5) swelling, a mini-thoracotomy was performed. This swollen lymph node was resected, and it was finally diagnosed to be metastasis from the RCC. Unfortunately, the tumor recurred in the mediastinal lymph nodes with multiple lung metastases five years later. A solitary metastasis in a mediastinal lymph node from a RCC is an unusual event, particularly in the absence of lung metastasis. The diagnostic and clinicopathological problems associated with this unique disease are herein discussed.
Evaluation of NOAA-AVHRR data for crop assessment (1982)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. J. Duggin, D. Piwinski, V. Whitehead, and G. Ryland, "Evaluation of NOAA-AVHRR data for crop assessment," Appl. Opt. 21, 1873-1875 (1982) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Analysis of weighting of normals for spherical harmonic cross-correlation (2013)

Spherical harmonic cross-correlation is a robust registration technique that uses the normals of two overlapping meshes to bring them into coarse rotational alignment. The amount of overlap between the two meshes is the primary determinant of whether the spherical harmonic cross-correlation achieves correct registration. By weighting each normal or clusters of normals, their contribution to the registration is influenced, allowing beneficial normals to be emphasized and deemphasizing those that are not. In this paper we evaluate how different weighting schemes impact registration efficiency and accuracy. It is found that two of the proposed weighting schemes are capable of correctly registering 22% of the mesh pairs, while the baseline, which equally weighted all normals, registered 14% of the mesh pairs. Using Fibonacci binning to equally weight surfaces provided the best all-round advantage, especially if efficiency is considered, as binning allows spherical harmonics to be pre-computed. By increasing the threshold that is applied to the weighting schemes, meshes with minimal overlap can be registered, with one case only having 2% overlap. The performed analysis shows that weighting normals when applied in a conducive manner can achieve considerable improvements improvements to registration accuracy.
Predictors of survival in patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treated with trastuzumab. (2011)

e11100 Background: Trastuzumab (T) is associated with improvements in overall survival (OS) among patients (pts) with HER2+ MBC; however disease course in individual pts is highly variable. We aimed to identify predictors of OS in pts with HER2+ MBC who were treated with a T-based regimen. Methods: Using pharmacy records, 113 HER2+ pts diagnosed with MBC from January 1999 to May 2005 who received T-based therapy at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute were retrospectively identified to allow for a minimum of 5 years (yrs) of follow up. Median OS and 95% CI were determined using Kaplan-Meier methods; group comparisons utilized the log-rank test. Hazard ratios (HR) were obtained using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for age at recurrence, era of first line therapy, hormone receptor status and disease-free interval (DFI). Results: Median follow up was 6.7 yrs (range 0.7-20.8) from diagnosis of primary breast cancer. Median number of metastatic T-based regimens was 3 (range 1-12). Median OS was 3.5 yrs (95% CI 3.0-4.4). On univariate analysis, median OS was worse in pts with a DFI < 2 yrs (3.0 yrs, CI 1.6-3.9) compared to ≥ 2 yrs (4.4 yrs, CI 3.1-5.5; p=0.03); and in pts with ≥ 2 metastatic sites (2.6 yrs, CI 2.0-3.3) vs. pts with only 1 site (4.1 yrs, CI 3.2-6.0; p=0.01). CNS disease at first recurrence was associated with a shorter OS compared with liver and/or lung mets or other sites (CNS: 1.9 yrs CI 0.1-5.9, liver/lung: 3.2 yrs CI 2.5-4.2, other: 4.6 yrs CI 2.7-8.0; p=0.05). CNS mets developed in 62 (55%) pts by the time of death or last follow up; of the pts alive at 1, 3 and 5 yrs, CNS disease was present in 20%, 39%, and 41% of pts respectively. To explore a potential selection bias, we evaluated a subset of 56 pts diagnosed with primary breast cancer ≥ 1999 (i.e. after the adoption of routine HER2 testing); CNS mets at first recurrence in these pts predicted for worse median OS compared to other sites (CNS: 1.1 yrs CI 0.1-2.7, liver/lung: 2.1 yrs CI 1.3-3.5, other: 4.4 yrs CI 0.5-6.3; p=0.004) with a HR 6.3 (CI 1.2-33.0; p=0.03). Conclusions: The natural history of HER2+ MBC has evolved with T-based therapy, with median OS now exceeding 3 yrs. CNS metastases are common, and the presence of CNS disease predicts for a worse outcome.
Identification of novel extracellular protein for PCB/biphenyl metabolism in Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 (2016)

Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 (RHA1) degrades polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) via co-metabolism with biphenyl. To identify the novel open reading frames (ORFs) that contribute to PCB/biphenyl metabolism in RHA1, we compared chromatin immunoprecipitation chip and transcriptomic data. Six novel ORFs involved in PCB/biphenyl metabolism were identified. Gene deletion mutants of these 6 ORFs were made and were tested for their ability to grow on biphenyl. Interestingly, only the ro10225 deletion mutant showed deficient growth on biphenyl. Analysis of Ro10225 protein function showed that growth of the ro10225 deletion mutant on biphenyl was recovered when exogenous recombinant Ro10225 protein was added to the culture medium. Although Ro10225 protein has no putative secretion signal sequence, partially degraded Ro10225 protein was detected in conditioned medium from wild-type RHA1 grown on biphenyl. This Ro10225 fragment appeared to form a complex with another PCB/biphenyl oxidation enzyme. These results indicated that Ro10225 protein is essential for the formation of the PCB/biphenyl dioxygenase complex in RHA1.
Reliability of Pavement Structures using Empirical-Mechanistic Models (2005)

1 The National Cooperative Highway Research Program has undertaken a sizeable research effort to develop a mechanistic-empirical design procedure for pavement structures: NCHRP 1-37A. This procedure will likely replace the current AASHTO empirical design method, which has been in use since the early 1970s. However, this change may take many years to materialize and become widely accepted. One of the main improvements is the use of axle load spectra instead of an aggregate measure of mixed traffic, such as the number of equivalent single axle loads (ESALs). This change will considerably reduce the uncertainty in the pavement performance estimations. In their present format, both the current AASHTO design method and the forthcoming mechanistic procedure incorporate ad hoc procedures to assess design reliability. The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate an alternative approach to assess this reliability, and to highlight some important aspects that are often ignored. Using Monte Carlo simulation techniques, the performance of a pavement structure designed with the 1993 Guide with various levels of reliability under different traffic volumes is evaluated.
Ball-milled nano-colloids of rare-earth compounds as liquid gain media for capillary optical amplifiers and lasers (2017)

Nano-colloids and nano-crystals doped with ions of rare-earth elements have recently attracted a lot of attention in the scientific community due to their potential applications as biomarkers, fluorescent inks, gain media for lasers and optical amplifiers. Many rare-earth doped materials of different compositions, shapes and size distribution have been prepared by different synthetic methods, such as chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel process, micro-emulsion techniques, gas phase condensation methods, hydrothermal methods and laser ablation. In this paper micro-crystalline powder of the rare-earthdoped compound NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Yb<sup>3+</sup>, Er<sup>3+</sup> was synthesized using a simple wet process followed by baking in open air. Under 980 nm diode laser excitation strong fluorescence in the 100 nm band around 1531-nm peak was observed from the synthesized micro-powder. The micro-powder was pulverized using a ball mill and prepared in the form of nano-colloids in different liquids. The particle size of the obtained nano-colloids was measured using an atomic force microscope and a dynamic light scatterometer. The size of the nano-particles was close to 100-nm. The nano-colloids were utilized as a filling media in capillary optical amplifiers and lasers. The gain of a 7-cm-long capillary optical amplifier (150-micron inner diameter) was as high as 6 dB at 200 mW pump power. The synthesized nano-colloids and the active optical components using them can be potentially used in optical communication, signal processing, optical computing, and other applications.
Unsupervised Image Categorization and Object Localization using Topic Models and Correspondences between Images (2007)

Topic models from the text understanding literature have shown promising results in unsupervised image categorization and object localization. Categories are treated as topics, and words are formed by vector quantizing local descriptors of image patches. Limitations of topic models include their weakness in localizing objects, and the requirement of a fairly large proportion of words coming from the object. We present a new approach that employs correspondences between images to provide information about object configuration, which in turn enhances the reliability of object localization and categorization. This approach is efficient, as it requires only a small number of correspondences. We show improved categorization and localization performance on real and synthetic data. Moreover, we can push the limits of topic models when the proportion of words coming from the object is very low.
Description of the Male ofCoomanius lugubrisFleutiaux, 1924 (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Macraulacinae: Nematodini) (2013)

Otto, Robert L. (2013): Description of the Male ofCoomanius lugubrisFleutiaux, 1924 (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Macraulacinae: Nematodini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 67 (1): 50-51, DOI: 10.1649/072.067.0111, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/072.067.0111
Recent Developments in Semiconducting Polymer Dots for Analytical Detection and NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging (2020)

In recent years, semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) have attracted enormous attention in applications from fundamental analytical detection to advanced deep-tissue bioimaging due to their ultrahigh fluorescence brightness with excellent photostability and minimal cytotoxicity. Pdots have therefore been widely adopted for a variety types of molecular sensing for analytical detection. More importantly, the recent development of Pdots for use in the optical window between 1000 and 1700 nm, popularly known as the "second near-infrared window" (NIR-II), has emerged as a class of optical transparent imaging technology in the living body. The advantages of the NIR-II region over the traditional NIR-I (700-900 nm) window in fluorescence imaging originate from the reduced autofluorescence, minimal absorption and scattering of light, and improved penetration depths to yield high spatiotemporal images for biological tissues. Herein, we discuss and summarize the recent developments of Pdots employed for analytical detection and NIR-II fluorescence imaging. Starting with their preparation, the recent developments for targeting various analytes are then highlighted. After that, the importance of and latest progress in NIR-II fluorescence imaging using Pdots are reported. Finally, perspectives and challenges associated with the emergence of Pdots in different fields are given.
Cantu Syndrome (2011)

Abstract This chapter provides pictures and clinical details of CANTU SYNDROME