gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photo‐induced processes in heterogeneous nanosystems. From photoexcitation to interfacial chemical transformations (2001)

This article briefly reviews some of our recent work carried out both from an experimental point of view as well as from a theoretical perspective to gain further understanding of the events that take place in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis. Previously, the multitude of reports from our laboratory and from many others looked at the primary photocatalytic events as involving (a) absorption of light, (b) formation of the free (electrons and holes) and/or trapped charge carriers (Ti 3+ and •OH radicals), and (c) reaction of pre‐adsorbed acceptor or donor molecules with the relevant trapped carrier. Our recent work notes that this view is reasonable if the only purpose of photocatalysis is elimination of undesirable environmental pollutants. But when we begin to query how to render a process more efficient, we need to address the primary events following photoexcitation of the photocatalyst, which in most instances has been titanium dioxide (in the anatase form). Owing to the nature of light absorption by TiO 2 we resorted to examining other metal oxides, most of which are dielectric insulators with very large bandgap energies, for example zirconia (ZrO 2 ) and scandia (Sc 2 O 3 ). These dielectrics have provided added information on the photophysical events, many of which are masked by the strong light absorption in titania. Despite some of our recent progress, much remains to be done for a fuller understanding of the events that occur at the surface, which we have often considered to be the greatest and most complex defect in metal oxide particulates.
Formation and Surface Modification of Nanopatterned Thiol‐ene Substrates using Step and Flash Imprint Lithography (2008)

Functionalized, thiol-ene nanopatterned materials are fabricated using step and flash imprint lithography (SFIL) and are readily modified with a micropatterned, secondary polymer layer through the unreacted pendant thiols on the surface. Thiol-enes offer versatile chemistry, rapid curing and excellent control over polymer properties using stoichiometry and functionality for both base substrate and attached secondary polymer layer. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2008/adma200800672_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Digital Intervention in Loneliness in Older Adults: Qualitative Analysis of User Studies (2022)

Smartphone apps have the potential to increase older adults' awareness of the richness of their social connections, which may support loneliness reduction. Our qualitative approach to app design enabled the inclusion of older adults' experiences in technology design. Thus, we conclude that the older adults in our study most desired functionalities that can support mutual activities and maintain or find new connections rather than enable them to share an emotional state. They were wary of the app replacing their preferred in-person social interaction. Participants also raised concerns about making the user aware of the lack of support in their social network and wanted specific means of addressing their needs. Further user-centered design work could identify how the app can support mutual activities and socializing.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Oncolytic Immunotherapy of Advanced Solid Tumors with a CD40L-Expressing Replicating Adenovirus: Assessment of Safety and Immunologic Responses in Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1.2MB, Blood samples for all 9 patients were collected before (baseline) and at several time points after the treatment. Soluble CD40L (sCD40L) and RANTES concentrations in the serum were assessed. Data are presented as median � SD.&lt;/p&gt;
SaO061RADIOISOTOPIC EVALUATION OF RENAL FUNCTION IN KIDNEY DONORS AFTER NEPHRECTOMY FOR DETECTION OF EARLY AKI AND LONG TERM COMPENSATORY RENAL HYPERTROPHY (2018)

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Establish a register of individuals with an AKI warning test score and to estimate a population rate of AKI warning test score and thirty-day mortality. METHODS: In June 2014 NHS England issued a patient safety alert which required biochemistry laboratories analysing serum creatinine on NHS patients to implement, by March 2015, a standard algorithm to identify individuals with potential AKI, based on the KDIGO biochemical classification of AKI. The algorithm has been externally validated [Sawhney et al] with a high sensitivity and specificity for a clinical diagnosis of AKI. Laboratories were required to submit this information to the UK Renal Registry (UKRR) on a monthly basis. To understand population levels of AKI, a novel method was developed by the UKRR to calculate a Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG) population rate to three levels at confidence (Green, Amber, Red) depending on an estimate of the laboratory population coverage. CCG are responsible for primary and secondary healthcare commissioning across populations with a median size of 220000 people. First warning score during an episode was counted and a new warning more than 90 days after the last warning was considered a new episode. Thirty-day mortality was calculated from the first warning score and adjusted by age and sex. RESULTS: On the 2 nd January 2018 137 of 158 (87%) laboratories had submitted at least one month of data, and 112 had supplied sufficient data between Jul-Sept 2017 to allow calculation of an estimate of the population AKI warning test score rate. Fifty-one CCG with green confidence representing 9.1 million population (age 18) had a quarterly AKI rate of the 2,560 per million population with significant variation between CCG (Interquartile range 2,160 to 2,990). 109 CCG had an amber confidence where some incomplete coverage made an exact rate estimate unreliable. Across all the episodes submitted age-sex standardised thirty-day mortality was 17.0% and varied by AKI stage 1, 2 and 3 (12.2, 25.4 and 27.3% respectively). CONCLUSIONS: With the NHS England national mandate to submit information on all patients who trigger an AKI warning test score, information is now available on AKI warning score rate at national and CCG level of population and shows substantial variation. Mortality associated with a warning test score is high and increases with warning stage.
Toward Emotion Recognition From Physiological Signals in the Wild: Approaching the Methodological Issues in Real-Life Data Collection (2020)

Emotion, mood, and stress recognition (EMSR) has been studied in laboratory settings for decades. In particular, physiological signals are widely used to detect and classify affective states in lab conditions. However, physiological reactions to emotional stimuli have been found to differ in laboratory and natural settings. Thanks to recent technological progress (e.g., in wearables) the creation of EMSR systems for a large number of consumers during their everyday activities is increasingly possible. Therefore, datasets created in the wild are needed to insure the validity and the exploitability of EMSR models for real-life applications. In this paper, we initially present common techniques used in laboratory settings to induce emotions for the purpose of physiological dataset creation. Next, advantages and challenges of data collection in the wild are discussed. To assess the applicability of existing datasets to real-life applications, we propose a set of categories to guide and compare at a glance different methodologies used by researchers to collect such data. For this purpose, we also introduce a visual tool called Graphical Assessment of Real-life Application-Focused Emotional Dataset (GARAFED). In the last part of the paper, we apply the proposed tool to compare existing physiological datasets for EMSR in the wild and to show possible improvements and future directions of research. We wish for this paper and GARAFED to be used as guidelines for researchers and developers who aim at collecting affect-related data for real-life EMSR-based applications.
CNN-based pansharpening of multi-resolution remote-sensing images (2017)

We propose a convolutional neural network for the pansharpening of remote-sensing imagery. A very compact architecture is designed, which enables accurate training even with small-size datasets. Prior knowledge on the remote sensing domain is taken into account by augmenting the input with several maps of radiometric indices. Extensive experiments on images from various multiresolution sensors show the proposed CNN to outperform the current state of the art in terms of both full-reference and no-reference measures.
High-brightness ultraviolet radiation source based on a cumulative plasmadynamic discharge (1982)

A high-power quartz light source was developed on the basis of a three-channel cumulative plasmadynamic discharge with high brightness temperatures in the visible (~25×103 °K) and near ultraviolet (~20×103 °K) parts of the spectrum. This source was pulse-periodic and it could be used to illuminate uniformly extended objects ensuring a high optical energy density (~4.2 J/cm2) on the surface. The plasma was heated by shock interaction and cumulation of oppositely directed hypersonic dense plasma streams formed as a result of high-current electric discharges in magnetoplasma compressors. An experimental study was made of the dynamics of the discharge, as well as of its energy and radiative characteristics. The possibility of increasing the brightness of plasma light sources in the near ultraviolet part of the spectrum was considered.
A cooperative intrusion detection system for ad hoc networks (2003)

Mobile ad hoc networking (MANET) has become an exciting and important technology in recent years because of the rapid proliferation of wireless devices. MANETs are highly vulnerable to attacks due to the open medium, dynamically changing network topology, cooperative algorithms, lack of centralized monitoring and management point, and lack of a clear line of defense. In this paper, we report our progress in developing intrusion detection (ID) capabilities for MANET. Building on our prior work on anomaly detection, we investigate how to improve the anomaly detection approach to provide more details on attack types and sources. For several well-known attacks, we can apply a simple rule to identify the attack type when an anomaly is reported. In some cases, these rules can also help identify the attackers. We address the run-time resource constraint problem using a cluster-based detection scheme where periodically a node is elected as the ID agent for a cluster. Compared with the scheme where each node is its own ID agent, this scheme is much more efficient while maintaining the same level of effectiveness. We have conducted extensive experiments using the ns-2 and MobiEmu environments to validate our research.
"Nadie está preparado para esto": el relato del padre de un niño con lesión cerebral adquirida (2013)

En meningitis el doble de la dosis sealada. ** En <1.200 g se dosifica cada 18-24 horas. Hay que monitorizar niveles plasmticos. *** Es nefrotxico, sobre todo en combinacin con aminoglucsidos. * En meningitis, el doble de la dosis sealada. ** En <1.200 g se dosifica cada 18-24 horas. Hay que monitorizar los niveles plasmticos.
Tight junction modulator and drug delivery (2009)

Recent progress in pharmaceutical technology based on genomic and proteomic research has provided many drug candidates, including not only chemicals but peptides, antibodies and nucleic acids. These candidates do not show pharmaceutical activity without their absorption into systemic flow and movement from the systemic flow into the target tissue. Epithelial and endothelial cell sheets play a pivotal role in the barrier between internal and external body and tissues. Tight junctions (TJs) between adjacent epithelial cells limit the movement of molecules through the intercellular space in epithelial and endothelial cell sheets. Thus, a promising strategy for drug delivery is the modulation of TJ components to allow molecules to pass through the TJ-based cellular barriers. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the development of TJ modulators and the possibility of absorption enhancers and drug-delivery systems based on TJ components.
DNA-Coatings: Bioactive Properties and Effects on Osteoblast-Like Cells (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
ChemInform Abstract: EXCITED‐STATE ACID‐BASE REACTIONS OF DICYANOBIS(2,2′‐BIPYRIDINE)RUTHENIUM(II) AND DICYANOBIS(1,10‐PHENANTHROLINE)RUTHENIUM(II) (1980)

Abstract Für die Titelkomplexe werden bei Raumtemp. und bei 77 Kdie Säure‐Basen‐Reaktionen im angeregten Zustand untersucht.‐Dabei liegen bei Raumtemp. neben den Komplexen die mono‐ und diprotonierten Komplexformen vor.
Specific Inhibition of Orthopoxvirus Replication by a Small Interfering RNA Targeting the D5R Gene (2008)

These results suggest that siD5R-2 could be a potential candidate to treat poxvirus infections.
Design of Microwave Vitrification Systems for Radioactive Waste (1995)

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is involved in the research and development of high-power microwave heating systems for the vitrification of DOE radioactive sludges. Design criteria for a continuous microwave vitrification system capable of processing a surrogate filtercake sludge representative of a typical waste-water treatment operation are discussed. A prototype 915 MHz, 75 kW microwave vitrification system or `microwave melter` is described along with some early experimental results that demonstrate a 4 to 1 volume reduction of a surrogate ORNL filtercake sludge.
Frontispiece: Utilizing Benign Oxidants for Selective Aerobic Oxidations Using Heterogenized Platinum Nanoparticle Catalysts (2015)

The frontispiece shows a novel in situ method of generating metal nanoparticles within porous molecular frameworks, thereby affording highly active and selective single-site heterogeneous catalysts for industrially significant aerobic oxidations. The Communication on page 1226 by Robert Raja and Andy Hor et al. highlights the importance of spectroscopic and kinetic studies in establishing structureproperty correlations that are fundamental in the design of sustainable heterogeneous catalysts.
Antioxidants in Chemistry and Biology (2012)

Abstract Antioxidants are omnipresent in nature and industry; they are used to slow down the autoxidative degradation of both organic tissues and petroleum‐derived products. Various mechanisms by which antioxidants can act are known, the most common of which are introduced here. Since autoxidation is a radical chain reaction, radical‐trapping antioxidants play a particularly important role; therefore, we will discuss these compounds in most detail. To introduce and develop central concepts relating to this topic, we present kinetic and thermodynamic data obtained for the reactions of phenols, the archetypical radical‐trapping antioxidants, with chain‐carrying peroxyl radicals, and describe the means to obtain these data. We then extend our discussion to other important classes of radical‐trapping antioxidants, beginning with the closely related polyphenols and newly developed pyridinol and pyrimidinol antioxidants, and then further to aromatic amines, organosulfur compounds, and their derivatives. We go on to touch upon the synergistic behavior in antioxidant combinations, and the effects of the medium on these interactions, and finally round things up with a few more important biological examples: ascorbate and β‐carotene. A few comments on the state of the field and areas requiring further research and development are included.
Mascando (chicle) espero... (2011)

La goma de mascar, es que llamamos habitualmente chicle, es un producto ubicuo, cuya historia y esencia encierra curiosos detalles y anécdotas que narra con precisión John Emsley en un interesantísimo libro de divulgación, “Vanitiy, vitality and virility”, que describe la presencia de la química en muchos y variados aspectos cotidianos.
Multifunction wide-band array design (1999)

High-performance active arrays operating over C, X, and Ku-band have been demonstrated using newly developed designs of wide-band radiating elements and wide-band monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs). The advanced shared aperture program (ASAP) explored the development of wide-band multifunction arrays capable of simultaneous and time interleaved radar, electronic warfare, and communications functions. Two iterations of radiating element and transmit/receive (T/R) module design were completed during this program. The radiating aperture design approach, overall array concepts, and current design technology and performance are summarized.
Chromosome-scale genome assembly ofCucumis hystrix—a wild species interspecifically cross-compatible with cultivated cucumber (2021)

Cucumis hystrix Chakr. (2n = 2x = 24) is a wild species that can hybridize with cultivated cucumber (C. sativus L., 2n = 2x = 14), a globally important vegetable crop. However, cucumber breeding is hindered by its narrow genetic base. Therefore, introgression from C. hystrix has been anticipated to bring a breakthrough in cucumber improvement. Here, we report the chromosome-scale assembly of C. hystrix genome (289 Mb). Scaffold N50 reached 14.1 Mb. Over 90% of the sequences were anchored onto 12 chromosomes. A total of 23,864 genes were annotated using a hybrid method. Further, we conducted a comprehensive comparative genomic analysis of cucumber, C. hystrix, and melon (C. melo L., 2n = 2x = 24). Whole-genome comparisons revealed that C. hystrix is phylogenetically closer to cucumber than to melon, providing a molecular basis for the success of its hybridization with cucumber. Moreover, expanded gene families of C. hystrix were significantly enriched in "defense response," and C. hystrix harbored 104 nucleotide-binding site-encoding disease resistance gene analogs. Furthermore, 121 genes were positively selected, and 12 (9.9%) of these were involved in responses to biotic stimuli, which might explain the high disease resistance of C. hystrix. The alignment of whole C. hystrix genome with cucumber genome and self-alignment revealed 45,417 chromosome-specific sequences evenly distributed on C. hystrix chromosomes. Finally, we developed four cucumber-C. hystrix alien addition lines and identified the exact introgressed chromosome using molecular and cytological methods. The assembled C. hystrix genome can serve as a valuable resource for studies on Cucumis evolution and interspecific introgression breeding of cucumber.
Suppression of intra- and intergranular properties by transport current in Bi-based ceramic superconductors (1992)

The influence of a direct transport current I/sub dc/ on the diamagnetic response of Bi/sub 2/Sr/sub 2/Ca/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub y/ ceramics as a function of temperature T has been investigated experimentally. The real chi '(T) and imaginary chi "(T) parts of AC susceptibility shift toward lower temperatures, and the hysteretic loss values decrease as I/sub dc/ increases. In contrast to what is observed with increasing exciting magnetic field H/sub ac/, increase of I/sub dc/ does not broaden the transition regimes in chi '(T) and chi "(T).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
P1‐039: Development of a simple and sensitive method for measurements of Aß, and its application to measure Aß contents in human nasal smear (2012)

We and others have reported finding amyloid ß (A ß) deposits in the nasal cavity of AD patients and transgenic mouse models of AD. However, it is difficult to measure trace Aß amounts in the nasal cavity. At the 2011 Alzheimer' Association International Conference, we reported a highly sensitive method to measure Aß levels, using formic acid to disassemble Aß aggregates. In the present study, we sought to develop a method for assaying biological samples simply and reliably. Ethical statement: This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Shiga University of Medical Science. The procedures were explained to all the volunteers participating in the study, and informed consent was obtained from them. AB Measurements:Nasal smears from five volunteers were obtained with a cotton swabs. Each swab was immersed in 200 μl of distilled water, and 500 μl of 100% formic acid (FA) was added to disassemble any Aß aggregates. Fifty μl of that solution was used for total protein concentration measurement. The remaining 650 μl of solution was centrifuged for 5 min at 9,000 x g using a filter (MW 150,000 cut off) to remove larger proteins that interfere with Aβ measurements. The eluent was incubated at 70 ËšC for one hour, and then concentrated into 20 μl by vacuum concentrator in a custom-made predetermined capacity tube. That solution was neutralized by adding 480 μl of 1M Tris. Then, ELISA was used to measure the Aß42 concentration in that extract. Aß relative protein concentrations in nasal smears from individuals were measurable using this method. The mean concentration of Aß smears was 2.0 pg/ml and 12.3 pg/g protein. This study provides a simple and accurate method to measure trace Aß levels in biological samples.
A Reappraisal of the 21-Day Cumulative Irritation Test in Man (1982)

The standard 21-day cumulative irritation test was reexamined to determine if it could be abbreviated in order to lessen costs and delays and simplify operations. The relative scores on 150 cosmetic-type products were compared at 14 and 21 days. In more than 90% of products studied, we found that we would have made the same decision regarding the level of irritation and the relative ranking of the products at either 14 or 21 days. This high correlation between scores at 14 or 21 days justifies using a 14-day test for many products and for product development comparisons.
Herstellung von Getreideamylase‐Präparaten durch Gelfiltration und Lyophilisierung (1969)

Abstract Aus dem Mahlprodukt von gesundem, ungekeimtem Weizen wird mit 1%iger NaCl‐Lösung ein β‐Amylase (EC 3.2.1.2) enthaltender Rohextrakt gewonnen, aus dem die begleitenden Spuren von α‐Amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) durch Ansäuerung mit Essigsäure (pH 3,6) entfernt und die Enzyme zusammen mit anderen Eiweißstoffen mit Ammoniumsulfat ausgefällt werden. Dem Niederschlag entzieht man das störende Sulfat mittels Gelfiltration (Sephadex G‐10). Die gereinigte enzymhaltige Lösung wird durch Lyophilisierung entwässert. Die Aktivität der β‐Amylase‐Präparate beträgt 10000 ME/g. α‐Amylase extrahiert man aus auswuchsgeschädigtem Weizen analog der eben beschriebenen Technik, wobei die Ansäuerung unterbleibt; die Aktivität des α‐Amylase‐Präparates liegt bei 1000 SKB‐Einheiten/g. Beide Enzymkonzentrate bewahren ihre Aktivität in zugeschmolzenen Glasphiolen über längere Zeit hinweg.