gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced resolution of geological structures from magnetic data: an example from the Abitibi Greenstone Belt of Northern Ontario (2001)

Structural information about that portion of the economically important DestorPorcupine Deformation Zone and its associated faults, which lie buried under many metres of Clay Belt sediments in the region north of Matheson, Ontario, must rely principally on interpretation of geophysical data. In this area, the Archean greenstones of the Abitibi are crosscut by at least three generations of strongly magnetic diabase dykes. The predominant dyke set, the Matachewan, trend northsouth, orthogonal to structures in the greenstones. Directional horizontal derivative analysis of the total magnetic field, which has a much sharper angular cutoff than that provided by standard Fourier-based filters, provides a method for separating the magnetic contributions from these two sources. This analysis revealed the existence of a previously unidentified fault (the Winslow fault) located to the north of, and parallel to, the economically significant Pipestone Fault. We also define a second new fault, the Carr fault, that is intimately associated with the existence of a buried felsic intrusive complex in Carr Township. Possible associations between these faults and previously known faults defined from surface mapping programs are explored.
Pituitary Adenoma in Carney Complex: An Immunohistochemical, Ultrastructural, and Immunoelectron Microscopic Study (2002)

First described in 1985, Carney complex is a rare, heritable disorder featuring abnormal skin pigmentation, cardiac and cutaneous myxoma, melanotic schwannoma of psammomatous type, and endocrine abnormalities, including pituitary adenomas. Patients with the latter present with elevated growth hormone (GH) levels and acromegaly or gigantism. Prolactin (PRL) elevation may also be seen. The authors have investigated 2 resected pituitary adenomas from patients with Carney complex. One, a 19-year-old female acromegalic with elevated GH, IgF-1, and PRL levels, had a mammosomatotroph adenoma immunoreactive for GH and PRL. Ultrastructurally, GH and PRL were present in the same secretory granules. The second patient, a 27-year-old acromegalic, had a sparsely granulated GH cell adenoma that by immuno-electron microscopy revealed GH immunoreactivity only. The lack of morphologic similarity between the 2 adenomas indicatesthat pituitary tumors in patients with Carney complex may not exhibit the same phenotype.
How Not to Be Seen — Object Removal from Videos of Crowded Scenes (2012)

Abstract Removing dynamic objects from videos is an extremely challenging problem that even visual effects professionals often solve with time‐consuming manual frame‐by‐frame editing. We propose a new approach to video completion that can deal with complex scenes containing dynamic background and non‐periodical moving objects. We build upon the idea that the spatio‐temporal hole left by a removed object can be filled with data available on other regions of the video where the occluded objects were visible. Video completion is performed by solving a large combinatorial problem that searches for an optimal pattern of pixel offsets from occluded to unoccluded regions. Our contribution includes an energy functional that generalizes well over different scenes with stable parameters, and that has the desirable convergence properties for a graph‐cut‐based optimization. We provide an interface to guide the completion process that both reduces computation time and allows for efficient correction of small errors in the result. We demonstrate that our approach can effectively complete complex, high‐resolution occlusions that are greater in difficulty than what existing methods have shown.
Supplementary Figure from Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mongolia Delineates Unique Molecular Traits and a Mutational Signature Associated with Environmental Agents (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mongolia Delineates Unique Molecular Traits and a Mutational Signature Associated with Environmental Agents
Gazealytics: A Unified and Flexible Visual Toolkit for Exploratory and Comparative Gaze Analysis (2023)

We present a novel, web-based visual eye-tracking analytics tool called Gazealytics. Our open-source toolkit features a unified combination of gaze analytics features that support flexible exploratory analysis, along with annotation of areas of interest (AOI) and filter options based on multiple criteria to visually analyse eye tracking data across time and space. Gazealytics features coordinated views unifying spatiotemporal exploration of fixations and scanpaths for various analytical tasks. A novel matrix representation allows analysis of relationships between such spatial or temporal features. Data can be grouped across samples, user-defined AOIs or time windows of interest (TWIs) to support aggregate or filtered analysis of gaze activity. This approach exceeds the capabilities of existing systems by supporting flexible comparison between and within subjects, hypothesis generation, data analysis and communication of insights. We demonstrate in a walkthrough that Gazealytics supports multiple types of eye tracking datasets and analytical tasks.
Realization of a resonant tunneling permeable base transistor with optimized overgrown GaAs interfaces (2002)

A resonant tunneling permeable base transistor has been realized experimentally by overgrowing a tungsten grating placed in direct vicinity to a double barrier heterostructure. In this way, we can directly modulate the tunneling current via an embedded gate. Since the quality of the overgrown interface is critical, special attention is paid to this issue, and the effect of different wet etchants prior to overgrowth is studied both by electrical measurements and by the use of an atomic force microscope. A clear dependence of the electrical properties and the crystal quality on the etchants used is found. This is a key result for the realization of our resonant tunneling device.
Theory of Adsorbate-Induced Surface Relaxations: Hydrogen on Cu(110) (1987)

The effective-medium theory is used to study the chemisorption and incorporation of hydrogen on the Cu(110) surface. The hydrogen-induced relaxations of the Cu lattice and their role in stabilizing hydrogen just under the surface are studied in particular. We find that hydrogen induces local lattice distortions even when chemisorbed. The relaxations are largest when hydrogen is just under the surface, but not large enough to make this site more stable than the chemisorption site.
ACE2 and COVID-19 and the resulting ARDS (2020)

This article reviews the correlation between ACE2 and COVID-19 and the resulting acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ACE2 is a crucial component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The classical ACE-angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang II)-angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) axis and the ACE2-Ang(1-7)-Mas counter-regulatory axis play an essential role in RAS system. ACE2 antagonises the activation of the classical RAS ACE-Ang II-AT1R axis and protects against lung injury. Similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) also uses ACE2 for cell entry. ARDS is a clinical high-mortality disease which is probably due to the excessive activation of RAS caused by 2019-nCoV infection, and ACE2 has a protective effect on ARDS caused by COVID-19. Because of these protective effects of ACE2 on ARDS, the development of drugs enhancing ACE2 activity may become one of the most promising approaches for the treatment of COVID-19 in the near future. In the meantime, however, the use of RAS blockers such as ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers that inhibit the damaging (ACE-Ang II) arm of the RAS cascade in the lung may also be promising. Trial registration number: NCT04287686.
Characterization of a platelet membrane protein of low molecular weight associated with platelet activation following binding by monoclonal antibody AG-1 (1986)

With the exception of the major platelet glycoproteins IIb/IIIa and Ib, which function as receptors for fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor, little is presently known regarding the possible role of other platelet surface proteins in mediating platelet aggregation. We report the production of a murine monoclonal antibody (AG-1) recognizing human platelet membrane surface protein of relatively low molecular weight (mol wt) that may be involved in this process. AG-1 added to human platelet-rich plasma induces dense granule secretion and aggregation, with lag phase and maximal extent of aggregation dependent on antibody concentration. Aggregation induced by AG-1 is inhibited by AG-1 Fab fragments, indicating that the response is not Fc receptor-mediated. Although AG-1 continues to produce platelet shape change in the presence of EDTA, aggregation is fully inhibited and appears to be mediated by fibrinogen binding to glycoproteins IIb/IIIa. AG-1 is a potent stimulus of thromboxane formation, but full inhibition of thromboxane production by 30 mumol/L indomethacin does not significantly inhibit platelet aggregation induced by 25 micrograms/mL AG-1, indicating that aggregation induced by AG-1 may proceed by way of an endoperoxide-independent pathway. Quantitation of AG-1 Fab binding to platelets reveals approximately 65,000 binding sites per platelet. When intact platelets are radioiodinated, immunoprecipitation of NP-40 lysates by AG-1 reveals an intensely labeled protein with an apparent mol wt of approximately 21,000 daltons, and several additional bands in the mol wt range of 22,000 to 28,000 daltons, all sharing the AG-1 epitope. These bands appear to be distinct from glycoprotein IX or from the beta-chains of glycoprotein Ib or IIb. Finally, studies with platelets labeled by the periodate-[3H]borohydride procedure suggest the possibility of complex formation between subpopulations of glycoprotein Ib and the low-mol-wt glycoproteins recognized by AG-1.
Knudsen flow 75 years on: the current state of the art for flow of rarefied gases in tubes and systems (1986)

Following a brief historical introduction an overview is given relating the most recent studies of rarefied gas flow to the early work of Knudsen. The first paper submitted in October 1908 (published in 1909) initiated a period of intense activity by Knudsen, Smoluchowski (1910) and, a little later, by Gaede (1913) and Langmuir (1912). This also covered the transition to the already well established hydrodynamic flow expressed in terms of the ratio of mean free path to critical apparatus dimension: which is now referred to as the Knudsen number. The desorption, evaporation and scattering of molecules from surfaces was described in terms of the Knudsen cosine law of scattering. The Knudsen effusion method for determining vapour pressure, also introduced in 1909, has become the main tool for studies of the related problem of the dissociation, chemical bonding and the vaporisation process itself. Clausing (1926) developed, as an alternative to conductances, the concept of transmission probability, still referred to as the Clausing factor, and provided a procedure for their more accurate evaluation in long and short tubes. A number of misconceptions of these early efforts have found their way into the literature and current books on vacuum science and technology. However, detailed studies have clarified the problem of gas-surface interactions; the gas flow in tubes has been tackled with Clausing-type integral equations and by statistical computation techniques based on Monte Carlo analysis procedures adaptable to more complex systems. Results have been confirmed experimentally using molecular-impact pressure probe measuring techniques.
LGG-38. GENETIC ANALYSIS OF NEUROEPITHELIAL TUMORS IN THE PEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT AND YOUNG ADULT AGE IN A SINGLE INSTITUTE (2020)

Abstract Molecular diagnosis in brain tumors has been widely spread after the publication of WHO 2016 classification. But it become a major problem that there are some tumors not to be classified on its criteria, especially in pediatric neuroepithelial tumors. To clarify the characteristics of gliomas in pediatric and adolescent and young adult age (AYA), we picked up 131 neuroepithelial tumors under 30-year-old at Kyoto University and analyze their molecular profiles. Hot spot mutations in IDH1/2, H3F3A, HIST1H3B, TERT promoter, and BRAF were analyzed by Sanger sequencing, and 1p/19q codeletion was examined by FISH or MLPA. With the pathohistological diagnosis and genetic information, all tumors were classified based on WHO 2016 classification. The terms “not otherwise specified” (NOS) and “not elsewhere classified” (NEC) were used based on cIMPACT-NOW. There were 25 glioblastomas and 34 pilocytic astrocytomas, which accounted for a larger percentage than in adult tumors. IDH-wild type gliomas accounted for 55% in diffuse astrocytomas and 69% in anaplastic astrocytomas. The percentages of gliomas with NEC were 50% of oligodendrogliomas and 20% in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, respectively. Most pilocytic astrocytomas were under 20-year-old (27 patients) and located in infratentorial area (21 patients). Based on WHO 2016 classification, not a few neuroepithelial tumors in pediatric and AYA ages could be classified clearly. These tumors had more different genetic abnormalities than those in adult. Therefore, it may be important to evaluate these tumors with comprehensive genetic analysis.
Effective Well Rate Management Using a Streamline-Based Model in Belridge Diatomite Waterflood (2022)

Abstract Summary In the early 1980's, waterflooding began in Belridge Diatomite (BD), a thick, highly porous, and tight reservoir in California. Over the years, differing injection strategies lead to mixed results. Today, there are approximately 1,900+ injectors and 2,600+ producers in the Belridge Diatomite Waterflood (BDWF) and setting injection and production well rate targets to improve recovery is extremely challenging. Multiple teams using different methods for estimating rate targets in different parts of the field adds complexity to the overall field management strategy. The main objective of this work was to simplify field management by using a quantitative, streamline-based method to establish and quantify injector-producer relationships, reduce human bias, while improving the efficiency and flood performance in the West Grande (WG) area of the BDWF subject to key surface and subsurface constraints. The pilot test targeted 52 injection strings and 142 producers in Southern WG with an approximate total water injection rate of 10,500 STB/Day and total water and oil production rates of 8,200 STB/D and 700 STB/D, respectively. An important and novel aspect of the work presented here involves constraining the injection well rate targets to surface elevation, injection string communication, 30-day average wellhead pressure, subsurface impairments, and surface injection capacity. On the production side, the constraints were surface elevation, pump runtime, and operational status. This work describes setting well rate targets using a streamline-based workflow while honoring minimum and maximum rates as deduced from the constraints above. Injection and production rates in the WG pilot area were changed four times over nine months in the period May 2020-January 2021. Not withstanding uncertainties in production and watercut measurements and interference due to operational activities, the injection and production rate changes resulted in a reversal of the oil decline observed in the previous year. The improvement in the oil decline honored all key constraints and did not cause WG to experience changes to surface elevation, an important requirement in reservoir management of the highly compressible Diatomite reservoir. Using streamlines to define well patterns based on historical production/injection rates, and considering all patterns simultaneously is a major departure from the one-at-a-time fixed pattern and reservoir team-specific strategy used in the past. Considering that the manual pattern-by-pattern review consumed well over 50% of the time spent by teams trying to improve flood performance, the approach described in the work also represents a significant improvement in productivity and a more agile reservoir management strategy. The ability to include key surface and subsurface constraints in the calculation of well target rates is a novel addition to streamline-based surveillance modeling and a key contribution of this work.
Release of residual methyl methacrylate into water from glass fibre-poly(methyl methacrylate) composite used in dentures (1997)

The aim of this study was to determine the release of residual methyl methacrylate (MMA) into water from heat-cured and chemical-cured test specimens of continuous glass fibre-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composite fabricated from experimental glass fibre reinforcement. The glass fibre concentration of the test specimens was 12% by weight. The residual MMA was extracted from the storage water of the test specimens (n = 5 per group) and its concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results revealed that release of residual MMA from heat-cured test specimens with glass fibre reinforcement was significantly higher than that from unreinforced test specimens (P = 0.003), while in chemical-cured test specimens with and without glass fibre reinforcement the amount of MMA released did not differ (P = 0.501). In general, however the test specimens made from chemical-cured PMMA released more residual MMA than specimens made from heat-cured PMMA (P < 0.001). This study suggests that the use of glass fibre reinforcement in heat-cured denture PMMA statistically increases the release of residual MMA from the material, but it is questionable whether it has clinical significance.
Optical nanofountain: A biomimetic device that concentrates optical energy in a nanometric region (2005)

We have proposed and demonstrated a nanophotonic device, which concentrates optical energy in a nanometric region. We call this device an “optical nanofountain,” which uses the energy transfer among quantum dots and acts like a light-harvesting photosynthetic system. We experimentally concentrated optical energy in a nanometric area less than 20 nm by using the optical nanofountain which was composed of CuCl quantum dots embedded in a NaCl matrix. Its focal diameter of 20 nm corresponds to the numerical aperture of 12.
On the Use of Cameras for the Detection of Critical Events in Sensors-Based Emergency Alerting Systems (2020)

The adoption of emergency alerting systems can bring countless benefits when managing urban areas, industrial plants, farms, roads and virtually any area that is subject to the occurrence of critical events, supporting in rescue operations and reducing their negative impacts. For such systems, a promising approach is to exploit scalar sensors to detect events of interest, allowing for the distributed monitoring of different variables. However, the use of cameras as visual sensors can enhance the detection of critical events, which can be employed along with scalar sensors for a more comprehensive perception of the environment. Although the particularities of visual sensing may be challenging in some scenarios, the combination of scalar and visual sensors for the early detection of emergency situations can be valuable for many scenarios, such as smart cities and industry 4.0, bringing promising results. Therefore, in this article, we extend a sensors-based emergency detection and alerting system to also exploit visual monitoring when identifying critical events. Implementation and experimental details are provided to reinforce the use of cameras as a relevant sensor unit, bringing promising results for emergencies management.
Activation of HIV-1 specific CD4 and CD8 T cells by human dendritic cells: roles for cross-presentation and non-infectious HIV-1 virus (2002)

These sources of antigens may be critical for the generation and maintenance of anti-HIV-1 immunity by DC.
Seismic Performance of Bridge Footings Designed to Current Standards (1999)

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Speech denoising using perceptual modification of Wiener filtering (2002)

A speech denoising technique based on a new perceptual modification of generalised Wiener filtering is proposed. Noisy speech is decomposed using a filterbank and auditory masking is applied to calculate the optimum denoising gains, to minimise the perceived speech distortion. The inherent novelty of this technique is contained in the calculation of these gains.
Sampling binary sparse coding QUBO models using a spiking neuromorphic processor (2023)

We consider the problem of computing a sparse binary representation of an image. To be precise, given an image and an overcomplete, non-orthonormal basis, we aim to find a sparse binary vector indicating the minimal set of basis vectors that when added together best reconstruct the given input. We formulate this problem with an $L_2$ loss on the reconstruction error, and an $L_0$ (or, equivalently, an $L_1$) loss on the binary vector enforcing sparsity. This yields a so-called Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problem, whose solution is generally NP-hard to find. The contribution of this work is twofold. First, the method of unsupervised and unnormalized dictionary feature learning for a desired sparsity level to best match the data is presented. Second, the binary sparse coding problem is then solved on the Loihi 1 neuromorphic chip by the use of stochastic networks of neurons to traverse the non-convex energy landscape. The solutions are benchmarked against the classical heuristic simulated annealing. We demonstrate neuromorphic computing is suitable for sampling low energy solutions of binary sparse coding QUBO models, and although Loihi 1 is capable of sampling very sparse solutions of the QUBO models, there needs to be improvement in the implementation in order to be competitive with simulated annealing.
O EVTux nas Artes, Explorando a Temática do Cinema de Animação (2018)

É já incontornável o facto das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação terem invadido o nosso quotidiano, tanto pessoal como profissional e, aliado a isso, é também impossível não convivermos com as tecnologias nas nossas escolas. Com a implementação das tecnologias em contexto escolar, surge agora outra necessidade: a de criar condições favoráveis para a efetiva integração das TIC no currículo, nomeadamente na área das Artes. Decorrente das características singulares desta área curricular, são muitas as erramentas digitais que podemos utilizar em contexto educativo mobilizando-as para experiências de aprendizagem baseadas em projetos que integrem as tecnologias. Este é o caso do EVTux, uma distribuição livre de Linux que permite a criação efetiva de projetos de cinema de animação em contexto educativo com recurso às tecnologias, caso que agora se apresenta, como exemplo, neste artigo e que atualmente faz parte de uma síntese do trabalho que se integra no projeto europeu TACCLE2 no qual participamos.
Mobile Si-rich compounds in the soil–plant system and methods for their determination (2016)

Different aspects of Si biogeochemistry in the soil have been reviewed. Interaction mechanisms of monosilicic acid with aluminum, phosphorus, and heavy metal compounds have been generalized. Polysilicic acids are chemically inert substances, but they participate in the formation of soil structure. Organosilicon compounds in the soil are very little investigated. From literature and our own data, the cycle of mobile Si forms in the soil–microorganism–plant system has been suggested, which shows the main fluxes of soluble Si migration and transformation. A new classification of the Si compounds based on their physicochemical and biological activities in the soil has been suggested as well as a method for the determination of mono- and polysilicic acids in the soil matrix.