gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature and magnetic field-dependent x-ray powder diffraction study of dysprosium (2008)

An x-ray powder diffraction study of polycrystalline Dy was performed over the temperature interval from 5 to $300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ in applied magnetic fields up to $40\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kOe}$. A complex first-order magnetostructural transformation, which occurs below $\ensuremath{\sim}8\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kOe}$ and above $\ensuremath{\sim}20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kOe}$, is decoupled into a first-order magnetic (helix-fan) transition and a second-order magnetostructural (hexagonal-orthorhombic) transition between $\ensuremath{\sim}135$ and $\ensuremath{\sim}175\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ in magnetic fields between $\ensuremath{\sim}8$ and $\ensuremath{\sim}20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kOe}$. The transition to the ferromagnetic (FM) state is always accompanied by an orthorhombic distortion of the hexagonal lattice, including a transition from the paramagnetic (PM) to the FM state in magnetic fields exceeding $20\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kOe}$.
Mononuclear Leukocytes Invade Rabbit Arterial Intima During Thickening Formation via CD18- and VLA-4–Dependent Mechanisms and Stimulate Smooth Muscle Migration (1995)

The role of mononuclear leukocytes for the migration of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) during intimal thickening was investigated in the rabbit model of electrically stimulated carotid artery. The approach was to inhibit leukocyte entry into the arterial intima with antibodies against the adhesion molecules very late activation antigen-4 (VLA-4) and CD11/CD18. In electrically stimulated control rabbits treated either with saline or a nonspecific antibody, all types of granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes migrated across an intact endothelium into the acellular subendothelial space, followed by the movement of SMCs from the media into the intima within 36 hours of applying electrical current. Treatment of the rabbits with monoclonal antibody (mAb) HP1/2 directed toward the alpha 4 subunit (CD49d) of VLA-4 inhibited mononuclear leukocyte invasion (consisting of monocytes and lymphocytes) by approximately 70% compared with the IgG-treated control rabbits and completely abolished the minimal influx of basophils and eosinophils after 36 hours. Neutrophil infiltration, however, remained unaffected by anti-VLA-alpha 4 treatment. Under these conditions, SMC migration across the internal elastic lamina was reduced by 50%. The use of mAb HP1/2 together with mAb 60.3 (directed to the beta 2 chain of CD11/CD18) completely abolished the influx of monocytes, lymphocytes, and all types of granulocytes into the arterial intima. This complete blockade of leukocyte infiltration resulted in a 70% reduction of intimal SMC accumulation. Together with our previous findings excluding neutrophils as stimulators of SMC migration, the present results indicate that mononuclear leukocyte promote lesion development by stimulating SMC migration.
Wide bandwidth time-domain electromagnetic sensor for metal target classification (2001)

A portable, wide bandwidth, time-domain electromagnetic sensor system has been developed and used extensively to measure the eddy current time-decay response of a wide variety of metal targets. The sensor has demonstrated the ability to measure metal target decay times starting approximately 3 to 5 /spl mu/s after the transmitter current is turned off and target decay time constants as short as 1.4 /spl mu/s. The sensor has demonstrated the potential for detecting very low-metal content mines due to the void they create in some types of electrically lossy soils. The development of the sensor is described in detail, and time-decay data are shown for a variety of metal targets, including low metal antitank and antipersonnel mines.
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Should a Chaperone Accompany Our Therapeutic Approach? (2012)

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes that is associated with axonal atrophy, demyelination, blunted regenerative potential, and loss of peripheral nerve fibers. The development and progression of DPN is due in large part to hyperglycemia but is also affected by insulin deficiency and dyslipidemia. Although numerous biochemical mechanisms contribute to DPN, increased oxidative/nitrosative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction seem intimately associated with nerve dysfunction and diminished regenerative capacity. Despite advances in understanding the etiology of DPN, few approved therapies exist for the pharmacological management of painful or insensate DPN. Therefore, identifying novel therapeutic strategies remains paramount. Because DPN does not develop with either temporal or biochemical uniformity, its therapeutic management may benefit from a multifaceted approach that inhibits pathogenic mechanisms, manages inflammation, and increases cytoprotective responses. Finally, exercise has long been recognized as a part of the therapeutic management of diabetes, and exercise can delay and/or prevent the development of painful DPN. This review presents an overview of existing therapies that target both causal and symptomatic features of DPN and discusses the role of up-regulating cytoprotective pathways via modulating molecular chaperones. Overall, it may be unrealistic to expect that a single pharmacologic entity will suffice to ameliorate the multiple symptoms of human DPN. Thus, combinatorial therapies that target causal mechanisms and enhance endogenous reparative capacity may enhance nerve function and improve regeneration in DPN if they converge to decrease oxidative stress, improve mitochondrial bioenergetics, and increase response to trophic factors.
Signatures of inflammation and impending multiple organ dysfunction in the hyperacute phase of trauma: A prospective cohort study (2017)

In this study, we showed how the hyperacute postinjury time window contained a focused, specific signature of the response to critical injury that led to widespread genomic activation. A transcriptomic signature for later development of MODS was present in this hyperacute window; it showed a strong signal for cell death and survival pathways and implicated NK cells and neutrophil populations in this differential response.
Optical Processing for Artificial Neural Vision (2021)

Convolutional neural networks have become established as the primary mechanisms for image processing over the past decade. While general purpose optical neural networks remain a long term project, in the near term optical prefilters act as the first layers of electronic deep convolutional networks and enable 10-100x reduction in system power per reconstructed voxel.
Vacancy and self-interstitial concentration incorporated into growing silicon crystals (1999)

The concentration of vacancies (for the growth rate V over the critical value Vt) and of self-interstitials (for V&amp;lt;Vt) incorporated into growing silicon crystals is obtained numerically by solving the axial diffusion problem for fast-recombining point defects. An analytical solution is obtained for the important near-critical case. A simple but quite precise interpolation expression is found. The critical growth rate Vt for the changeover from interstitial to vacancy incorporation is proportional to the near-interface temperature gradient G0 even if the axial profile of the gradient, G(z), is of considerable nonuniformity. The experimental critical ratio V/G0, together with the observed amount of vacancies in voids, provides a good estimate for the interstitial self-diffusional product at the melting point, 3×1011 cm−1 s−1, in accord with reported data.
Predicate Encryption Supporting Disjunctions, Polynomial Equations, and Inner Products. (2007)

Abstract. Predicate encryption is a new paradigm generalizing, among other things, identity-based encryption. In a predicate encryption scheme, secret keys correspond to predicates and ciphertexts are associated with attributes; the secret key SKf corresponding to a predicate f can be used to decrypt a ciphertext associated with attribute I if and only if f(I) = 1. Constructions of such schemes are currently known for relatively few classes of predicates. We construct such a scheme for predicates corresponding to the evaluation of inner products over ZN (for some large integer N). This, in turn, enables constructions in which predicates correspond to the evaluation of disjunctions, polynomials, CNF/DNF formulae, or threshold predicates (among others). Besides serving as a significant step forward in the theory of predicate encryption, our results lead to a number of applications that are interesting in their own right. 1
0474 Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Lemborexant in Elderly Adults with Insomnia Disorder: Results from SUNRISE-2 (2020)

Abstract Introduction In SUNRISE-2 (NCT02952820; E2006-G000-303), the dual orexin receptor antagonist lemborexant (LEM) demonstrated significant benefit versus placebo (PBO) on subjective sleep endpoints over 6mo in subjects age ≥18y; benefits were sustained over 12mo. Here we present 12mo efficacy and safety data for LEM from the elderly (≥65y) subgroup. Methods SUNRISE-2 was a 12mo, randomized, double-blind, PBO-controlled (first 6mo [Period 1]), global phase 3 study. During Period 1, subjects were randomized to PBO or LEM (5mg, [LEM5]; 10mg, [LEM10]). During Period 2 (second 6mo), LEM subjects continued their assigned dose while PBO subjects were rerandomized to LEM5 or LEM10 (not reported here). Patient-reported (subjective) sleep endpoints were assessed from sleep diary data (sleep onset latency [sSOL]; sleep efficiency [sSE]; wake after sleep onset [sWASO]). Results Of the 949 subjects in the Full Analysis Set, 262 were age ≥65y. At 6mo, in subjects ≥65y, median sSOL significantly decreased from baseline for LEM5 (−21.7) and LEM10 (−26.0) versus PBO (−10.8; P&amp;lt;0.0001, P&amp;lt;0.01, respectively). At 12mo, LEM5 and LEM10 subjects maintained decreases in median sSOL (−29.3, −34.3, respectively). At 6mo, the mean (SD) increase from baseline in sSE was significantly larger versus PBO (8.5[13.3]) for LEM5 (16.9[13.6]; P&amp;lt;0.001) and LEM10 (14.9[15.9]; P&amp;lt;0.01). At 12mo, mean (SD) increase in sSE was maintained for LEM5 (18.1[12.5]) and LEM10 (18.0[16.8]). At 6mo, mean (SD) change from baseline in sWASO was significantly decreased versus PBO (−26.5 [52.9]) for LEM5 and LEM10 (−54.8[64.4], P&amp;lt;0.01; −51.4[69.3], P&amp;lt;0.05, respectively). At 12mo, mean (SD) decrease in sWASO was maintained for LEM5 (−58.6[46.0]) and LEM10 (−60.9[80.4]). Over 12mo, the most common (&amp;gt;10% either group) treatment emergent adverse events with LEM5 and LEM10, respectively, were somnolence (9.3%, 19.0%), nasopharyngitis (9.3%, 10.7%), and headache (10.5%, 6.0%). Conclusion In elderly subjects, LEM demonstrated efficacy at 6mo, which persisted at 12mo; LEM was well tolerated. Support Eisai Inc.
On Scalar LQG Control with Communication Cost (2006)

We study the LQG control of scalar systems under communication constraints by naturally extending the LQG cost to include a quadratic penalty for communication. We show that the resulting optimization problem is quasiconvex in the communications parameter so that it can be solved in a computationally efficient manner.
Decreased serum leptin levels in women with uterine leiomyomas (2003)

The lower plasma leptin levels observed in the women with myomas were independent of body mass index, and unlike the normal women there was no significant up-regulation of leptin production in response to increased adiposity.
Computer-aided Detection of Pulmonary Embolism on CT Angiography (2007)

With the evaluated CAD system, it is relatively simple and fast to check all detected findings and decide if they represent true PE. However, high false-negative results demand technologic improvement, to increase the sensitivity of the system. It is anticipated to become a promising supplement to the work and eyes of the radiologist in detecting PE on pulmonary CT angiography.
Flavonoids from Polygonum lapathifolium ssp. tomentosum (2002)

Two acetylated flavonoid glycosides: quercetin-3- O -ß-D-(6?- O -galloyl)-glucopyranooside and quercetin-3- O -ß-D-(6?- O -galloyl)-galactopyranoside together with quercetin-3- O -ß-D-glucuronide, quercetin-3- O -ß-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3- O -ß-D-galactopyranoside, quercetin-3- O -a-Lrhamnpyranoside, quercetin-3- O -rhamnoglucoside, kaempferol-3- O -D-glucopyranoside, quercetin, kaempferol and taxifolin, were isolated from the aerial parts of Polygonum lapathifoluim ssp tomentosum (Schrank) Dans. The structures of the compounds were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods.
Wasserstein Fair Classification (2019)

We propose an approach to fair classification that enforces independence between the classifier outputs and sensitive information by minimizing Wasserstein-1 distances. The approach has desirable theoretical properties and is robust to specific choices of the threshold used to obtain class predictions from model outputs. We introduce different methods that enable hiding sensitive information at test time or have a simple and fast implementation. We show empirical performance against different fairness baselines on several benchmark fairness datasets.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Properties and Structure of 6‐Methyl‐2,4‐diphenyl‐1‐(p‐ tolyl)pyrimidinium Perchlorate and the Product of Its Photocyclization. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Conformational States of Exchange Protein Directly Activated by cAMP (EPAC1) Revealed by Ensemble Modeling and Integrative Structural Biology (2019)

Exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (EPAC1 and EPAC2) are important allosteric regulators of cAMP-mediated signal transduction pathways. To understand the molecular mechanism of EPAC activation, we performed detailed Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) analysis of EPAC1 in its apo (inactive), cAMP-bound, and effector (Rap1b)-bound states. Our study demonstrates that we can model the solution structures of EPAC1 in each state using ensemble analysis and homology models derived from the crystal structures of EPAC2. The <i>N</i>-terminal domain of EPAC1, which is not conserved between EPAC1 and EPAC2, appears folded and interacts specifically with another component of EPAC1 in each state. The apo-EPAC1 state is a dynamic mixture of a compact (Rg = 32.9 Å, 86%) and a more extended (Rg = 38.5 Å, 13%) conformation. The cAMP-bound form of EPAC1 in the absence of Rap1 forms a dimer in solution; but its molecular structure is still compatible with the active EPAC1 conformation of the ternary complex model with cAMP and Rap1. Herein, we show that SAXS can elucidate the conformational states of EPAC1 activation as it proceeds from the compact, inactive apo conformation through a previously unknown intermediate-state, to the extended cAMP-bound form, and then binds to its effector (Rap1b) in a ternary complex.
Enhancing Stability and Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO Nanoparticles by Surface Modification of Graphene Oxide (2012)

This work reports a simple method for the preparation of high-quality GO-ZnO nanocomposite materials. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the ZnO nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on the GO sheets and the diameter of the ZnO nanoparticles falls in 5-8 nm. Further experimental results imply that involving GO sheets into the system could remarkably prevent the aggregation of ZnO nanoparticles compared to pure ZnO. The photocatalytic activity and stability of the prepared GO-ZnO composite for the degradation of Acid Orange 7 (AO 7) under UV light irradiation is significantly enhanced in comparison to the as-synthesized pristine ZnO nanoparticles. Considering the high photocatalytic acitivity and relative stability, this high-quality GO-ZnO nanocomposite is beneficial for the applications in environmental engineering and other fields.
Design of a reconfigurable ankle rehabilitation robot and its use for the estimation of the ankle impedance (2009)

This paper presents the design, analysis, and a clinical application of a reconfigurable, parallel mechanism based, force feedback exoskeleton for the human ankle. The device can either be employed as a balance/proprioception trainer or configured to accommodate range of motion (RoM)/strengthening exercises. The exoskeleton can be utilized as a clinical measurement tool to estimate dynamic parameters of the ankle and to assess ankle joint properties in physiological and pathological conditions. Kinematic analysis and control of the device are detailed and a protocol for utilization of the exoskeleton to determine ankle impedance is discussed. The prototype of the device is also presented.
Statistical Characteristics of Thin, Vertical, Wavy, Liquid Films (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStatistical Characteristics of Thin, Vertical, Wavy, Liquid FilmsA. S. Telles and A. E. DuklerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1970, 9, 3, 412–421Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160035a018https://doi.org/10.1021/i160035a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views353Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
2.0 Å refined crystal structure of the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase complexed with a peptide inhibitor and detergent (1993)

. A mutant (Serl39Ala) of the mouse recombinant catalytic (C) subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase was co-crystallized with a peptide inhibitor, PKI(5-24), and MEGA-8 (octanoyl-N-methylglucamide) detergent. This structure was refined using all observed data (30 248 reflections) between 30 and 1.95 A resolution to an R factor of 0.186. R.m.s. deviations of bond lengths and bond angles are 0.013 A and 2.3 degrees, respectively. The final model has 3075 atoms (207 solvent) with a mean B factor of 31.9 A(2). The placement of invariant protein-kinase residues and most C:PKI(5-24) interactions were confirmed, but register errors affecting residues 55-64 and 309-339 were corrected during refinement by shifting the affected sequences toward the C terminus along the previously determined backbone path. New details of C:PKI(5-24) interactions and the Ser338 autophosphorylation site are described, and the acyl group binding site near the catalytic subunit NH(2) terminus is identified.
Effects of cholesterol and apolipoprotein E on retinal abnormalities in ApoE-deficient mice. (2001)

Overall, there were increasing abnormalities of retinal function and cellular morphology among the four groups of mice in the order of C57-R < C57-C < ApoE-R < ApoE-C. These findings suggest that apoE and/or cholesterol play an important role in retinal function.
Additions and Corrections to The ordered assembly of the ϕX174-type primosome. I. Isolation and identification of intermediate protein-DNA complexes. (1996)

Page 2441, Table I:The dissociation constant of the insulin receptor mutant V713A should be amended.Additional analyses of this mutant have failed to confirm that this mutation is disruptive of insulin binding.The correct dissociation constant for this mutant receptor is 0.61 Ϯ 0.04 ϫ 10 Ϫ9 M (mean Ϯ S.E., n ϭ 4).Page 2441, Fig. 2: The ratio of the K d of the mutant to that of wild type for the V713A mutation is 1.09 and not too high to be accurately determined as indicated in the original figure.
Worsening Angle Closure After Successful Laser Peripheral Iridotomy (2022)

A woman in her 40s developed nausea and headache after a dilated eye examination. She had shifting, shallow subretinal fluid with choroidal detachments without retinal breaks, inflammation, or optic nerve edema and leopard spotting and an irregular and thickened choroid. What would you do next?
Sharing Privacy Information in Credit Analysis Environment (2015)

Credit analysis is used by financial companies to grant credit to customers. The analysis is expensive, bureaucratic, and requires the collection of customer personal information. However, shopping malls are selling goods in several installments and need a simple, fast, and cheap process to grant credit to their customers. One way to improve the efficiency of this process is to facilitate the sharing of private information from customers and stores. The challenge here is how to share private information without disclosing the identity of its owner. Here we propose a protocol to share information while preserving the privacy of the customer as well as the information of the commercial institution.
Analytical Techniques for Small Molecule Solid Phase Synthesis (2002)

Although resin-based chemistry offers many practical advantages over conventional solution phase for the synthesis of combinatorial libraries, effective monitoring of reactions conducted on the support remains a challenge. A number of techniques have been developed to enable the analysis of solid phase organic synthesis either by monitoring the resin-bound species directly or by the analysis of small quantities of material cleaved from the support. This review outlines some of the principles of the various techniques for the analysis of intermediates and products obtained from solid-phase chemistry.
Multiplex detection of disease marker proteins with arrayed imaging reflectometry (2010)

Arrayed Imaging Reflectometry, or "AIR", is a new label-free optical technique for detecting proteins. AIR relies on binding-induced changes in the response of an antireflective coating on the surface of a silicon chip. Thus far, we have demonstrated the use of AIR for the detection of pathogenic <i>E. coli</i>, and for multiplex detection of a broad range of proteins in human serum. Creation of the near-perfect antireflective coating on the surface of silicon requires careful control over preparation of the chip surface prior to probe molecule immobilization. We present methods for highly reproducible, solution-phase silanization and glutaraldehyde functionalization of silicon chips carrying a layer of thermal oxide. Following functionalization with antibodies and passivation of remaining reactive groups, these surfaces provide exceptional performance in the AIR assay.