gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A quasicontinuous wave, optically pumped violet vertical cavity surface emitting laser (2000)

We have fabricated and studied a violet (λ=403 nm) vertical cavity surface emitting laser structure, composed of an InGaN multiple quantum well active medium and a pair of high reflectivity dielectric mirrors. Lasing under high repetition rate (76 MHz) pulsed optical pumping has been achieved at temperatures up to T=258 K at average pump power of approximately 30 mW.
The Failure of Anti-Suffragism (2002)

Abstract This chapter describes the fluctuations in Liberal support for women's suffrage. After the initial, and largely Liberal, launch of the suffrage campaign in the 1860s, a number of supporters who had been attracted to the cause, partly by sheer respect for John Stuart Mill, retracted, and, as a result, the debate over votes for women became an argument within the ranks of Liberalism. What made the relationship between Liberalism and suffragism so complicated were the inconclusive attempts by Liberals to weigh the significance of the growing support for the cause expressed by Conservatives; in the process questions of principle became entangled with considerations of party advantage. The prolonged confrontation between the government and the suffragists had not been wholly barren of results. It established that votes for women could not be treated as a question of principle but had to be translated into a form acceptable to the governing party.
Prokaryotic and viral genomes recovered from 787 Japanese gut metagenomes revealed microbial features linked to diets, populations, and diseases (2022)

We reconstructed 19,084 prokaryotic and 31,395 viral genomes from 787 Japanese gut metagenomes as Japanese metagenome-assembled genomes (JMAG) and Japanese Virus Database (JVD), which are large microbial genome datasets for a single population. Population-specific enrichment of the <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and β-porphyranase among the JMAG could derive from the Japanese traditional food natto (fermented soybeans) and nori (laver), respectively. Dairy-related <i>Enterococcus_B lactis</i> and <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> were nominally associated with the East Asian-specific missense variant rs671:G>A in <i>ALDH2</i>, which was associated with dairy consumption. Of the species-level viral genome clusters in the JVD, 62.9% were novel. The β crAss-like phage composition was low among the Japanese but relatively high among African and Oceanian peoples. Evaluations of the association between crAss-like phages and diseases showed significant disease-specific associations. Our large catalog of virus-host pairs identified the positive correlation between the abundance of the viruses and their hosts.
Analysis of position and isometric joysticks for powered wheelchair driving (2000)

The control interface is one of the most critical components of the electric-powered wheelchair (EPW). The control interface must accommodate the user's limitations and maximize the user's abilities. This study extended Fitts' Law for target-acquisition to a continuously updated target. The extended Fitts' Law was used to examine EPW driving with a standard position sensing joystick and a prototype isometric joystick (IJ). The extended Fitts' Law provides insight into the difficulty of performing target-acquisition tasks with an EPW. The test results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) among the two types of joysticks for selected measures of information processing capacity, movement time, root-mean-square-error, and average velocity while performing turning maneuvers. The mean values indicate that the IJ may provide superior turning performance.
Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor HhAntag691 Is a Potent Inhibitor of ABCG2/BCRP and ABCB1/Pgp (2009)

HhAntag691 (GDC-0449), a low-molecular weight inhibitor of the tumor-promoting hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, has been used to treat medulloblastoma in animal models and has recently entered clinical trials for a variety of solid tumors. Here, we show that HhAntag691 inhibits multiple ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ATP-binding cassette transporters are within a family of membrane proteins, the overexpression of which is associated with multidrug resistance, a major impediment to successful cancer treatment. HhAntag691 is a potent inhibitor of two ABC transporters, ABCG2/BCRP and ABCB1/Pgp, and is a mild inhibitor of ABCC1/MRP1. In ABCG2-overexpressing HEK293 cells, HhAntag691 increased retention of the fluorescent ABCG2 substrate BODIPY-prazosin and resensitized these cells to mitoxantrone, an antineoplastic ABCG2 substrate. In Madin-Darby canine kidney II cells engineered to overexpress Pgp or MRP1, HhAntag691 increased the retention of calcein-AM and resensitized them to colchicine. HhAntag691 also resensitized human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells NCI-H460/par and NCI-H460/MX20, which overexpress ABCG2 in response to mitoxantrone, to mitoxantrone, and to topotecan or SN-38. The IC(50) values of HhAntag691 for inhibition of ABCG2 and Pgp were approximately 1.4 and approximately 3.0 microM, respectively. Because ABC transporters are highly expressed at the blood-brain barrier and on many tumor cells, they contribute significantly to treatment failure of many types of cancer, particularly of those within the neuraxis. In addition to its effect on Hh signaling, the ability of HhAntag691 and related compounds to inhibit two key ABC transporters could contribute to their effectiveness in treating malignancies.
cyd, a mutant of pea that alters embryo morphology is defective in cytokinesis (1995)

Abstract Embryogenesis in higher plants requires the precise regulation of cell division, orientation of cell elongation and specification of cell differentiation. The division plane is determined by the position of a new cell plate at cytokinesis. A mutant of pea has been isolated in which both the embryo pattern and surface morphology is altered. The phenotype of the mutant is manifest primarily in the cotyledons where cell plates only partially form, generating cell wall stubs and multinucleate cells. Some cotyledonary cells of the mutant proceed through nine DNA replication cycles, including nuclear division, but not cytokinesis, producing nuclei with a DNA content of ca. 1000C. The cytological phenotype of the mutant could be mimicked by the treatment of wild‐type cells with caffeine. We have termed this mutant cytokinesis‐defective ( cyd ). © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS: A CHRONIC DISEASE WITH EVER-INCREASING RECOGNITION AND PREVALENCE (2005)

No AccessJournal of UrologyEditorials1 Jan 2005INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS: A CHRONIC DISEASE WITH EVER-INCREASING RECOGNITION AND PREVALENCE C. Lowell Parsons C. Lowell ParsonsC. Lowell Parsons More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000148569.76480.bdAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS: A CHRONIC DISEASE WITH EVER-INCREASING RECOGNITION AND PREVALENCE." The Journal of Urology, 173(1), p. 6 References 1 : The prevalence of interstitial cystitis in gynecologic patients with pelvic pain as detected by intravesical potassium sensitivity. Am J Obstet Gynecol2002; 187: 1395. Google Scholar 2 : Prostatitis, interstitial cystitis, chronic pelvic pain, and urethral syndrome share a common pathophysiology: lower urinary dysfunctional epithelium and potassium recycling. Urology2003; 62: 976. Google Scholar 3 : Increased prevalence of interstitial cystitis: previously unrecognized gynecologic cases, identified using a new symptom questionnaire and intravesical potassium sensitivity. Urology2002; 60: 573. Google Scholar Division of Urology; University of California San Diego Medical Center; San Diego, California© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 1January 2005Page: 6 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information C. Lowell Parsons More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Conception de microsystèmes sur silicium (Traité EGEM, série Electronique et micro-électronique) (2002)

ISBN: 2-7462-0506-8
Proteolytic cleavage of IgG bound to the Fc receptor of Schistosoma mansoni schistosomula (1981)

After the binding of IgG to the surface Fc receptor of Schistosoma mansoni schistosomula, the Fab portions of IgG are cleaved and small peptides are liberated in the culture medium. At least two types of proteinase activities have been demonstrated in the secretory products of schistosomula. One is an endoprotease with trypsin-like activity, with an optimum pH of 7 and an optimum temperature of 45 degrees C. The other is a metalloaminopeptidase with an optimum pH of 7 and temperature of 37 degrees C.
SEGMENTAL HUMERAL HEAD ALLOGRAFTS FOR RECURRENT ANTERIOR INSTABILITY OF THE SHOULDER WITH LARGE HILL-SACHS DEFECTS: A TWO TO 8 YEAR FOLLOW UP (2008)

Although soft tissue capsulolabral repairs are the mainstay of treatment for recurrent anterior shoulder instability, bone defects are becoming more commonly recognized as additional problems for these patients. Humeral Head defects have been commonly ignored, however, there are a group of patients with failed procedures who have this as their main pathology. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of patients with large Humeral Head impression defects with a large structural irradiated Allograft. From April 1995 to January 2001, eighteen patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability with Large Humeral Head Defects (>25%) were treated with irradiated humeral allografts. Patients underwent physical and radiographic examination, subjective assessments including VAS scores for pain, instability, and satisfaction and completed a Constant and WOSI scores to determine clinical result. Radiograhic evaluation included standard radiographs and either MR or CT assessment. Eighteen Patients with an average age of 31.5 (18–52) were reviewed at an average time of fifty months (24–96) following their surgical procedure. There were fourteen male and four female patients each having had an average of 2.1 (1–8) prior operative procedures. All patients had resolution of their instability with no documented recurrences. All patients had severe apprehension preop and this resolved completely in fifteen. Average loss of external rotation was forty degrees preop and improved to ten degrees postop. Two patients had partial collapse of the graft with symptoms of pain in External Rotation requiring screw removal. There were no other complications. Patients improved on WOSI from 1882 to 381 and had an avearage Constant score of eighty-seven postop. Subjectively all patients would have the procedure again and pain improved from 72.5 to 22.5. There are certain situations where large humeral head defects contribute to the failure of instability repairs and ongoing instability. Allograft reconstruction with matched irradiated grafts is an excellent alternative for eliminating instability. Funding: Smith and Nephew
Burden of diarrhea among children in Honduras, 2000-2004: estimates of the role of rotavirus (2006)

Diarrhea is a major cause of illness among children < 5 years old in Honduras, and RV is likely the most common cause. Our preliminary estimates need to be refined so that health planners in Honduras can make decisions on the future use of rotavirus vaccines. A program of hospital-based surveillance for rotavirus in Honduras has been established to address this need.
Artificial two-dimensional polar metal at room temperature (2018)

Polar metals, commonly defined by the coexistence of polar crystal structure and metallicity, are thought to be scarce because the long-range electrostatic fields favoring the polar structure are expected to be fully screened by the conduction electrons of a metal. Moreover, reducing from three to two dimensions, it remains an open question whether a polar metal can exist. Here we report on the realization of a room temperature two-dimensional polar metal of the B-site type in tri-color (tri-layer) superlattices BaTiO<sub>3</sub>/SrTiO<sub>3</sub>/LaTiO<sub>3</sub>. A combination of atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy with electron energy-loss spectroscopy, optical second harmonic generation, electrical transport, and first-principles calculations have revealed the microscopic mechanisms of periodic electric polarization, charge distribution, and orbital symmetry. Our results provide a route to creating all-oxide artificial non-centrosymmetric quasi-two-dimensional metals with exotic quantum states including coexisting ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, and superconducting phases.
Artificial neural network control of FES in paraplegics for patient responsive ambulation (1995)

This paper describes an ART-1-based artificial neural network (ANN) adapted for controlling functional electrical stimulation (FES) to facilitate patient-responsive ambulation by paralyzed patients with spinal cord injuries. This network is to serve as a controller in an FES system developed by the first author which is presently in use by 300 patients worldwide (still without ANN control) and which was the first and the only FES system approved by the FDA. The proposed neural network discriminates above-lesion upper-trunk electromyographic (EMG) time series to activate standing and walking functions under FES and controls FES stimuli levels using response-EMG signals. For this particular application, we introduce several modifications of the binary adaptive resonance theory (ART-1) for pattern recognition and classification. First, a modified on-line learning rule is proposed. The new rule assures bidirectional modification of the stored patterns and prevents noise interference. Second, a new reset rule is proposed which prevents "exact matching" when the input is a subset of the chosen pattern. We show the applicability of a single ART-1-based structure to solving two problems, namely, 1) signal pattern recognition and classification, and 2) control. This also facilitates ambulation of paraplegics under FES, with adequate patient interaction in initial system training, retraining the network when needed, and in allowing patient's manual override in the case of error, where any manual override serves as a retraining input to the neural network. Thus, the practical control problems (arising in actual independent patient ambulation via FES) were all satisfied by a relatively simple ANN design.
Evaluation of Atypical Cytochrome P450 Kinetics with Two-Substrate Models:  Evidence That Multiple Substrates Can Simultaneously Bind to Cytochrome P450 Active Sites (1998)

Some cytochrome P450 catalyzed reactions show atypical kinetics, and these kinetic processes can be grouped into five categories: activation, autoactivation, partial inhibition, substrate inhibition, and biphasic saturation curves. A two-site model in which the enzyme can bind two substrate molecules simultaneously is presented which can be used to describe all of these observed kinetic properties. Sigmoidal kinetic characteristics were observed for carbamazepine metabolism by CYP3A4 and naphthalene metabolism by CYPs 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, and 3A5 as well as dapsone metabolism by CYP2C9. Naphthalene metabolism by CYP3A4 and naproxen metabolism by CYP2C9 demonstrated nonhyperbolic enzyme kinetics suggestive of a low Km, low Vmax component for the first substrate molecule and a high Km, high Vmax component for the second substrate molecule. 7, 8-Benzoflavone activation of phenanthrene metabolism by CYP3A4 and dapsone activation of flurbiprofen and naproxen metabolism by CYP2C9 were also observed. Furthermore, partial inhibition of 7, 8-benzoflavone metabolism by phenanthrene was observed. These results demonstrate that various P450 isoforms may exhibit atypical enzyme kinetics depending on the substrate(s) employed and that these results may be explained by a model which includes simultaneous binding of two substrate molecules in the active site.
GaInAs/InP Hot Electron Transistors Grown by OMVPE (1987)

GaInAs/InP hot electron transistors were fabricated for the first time by using an organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE) method. A base transport efficiency was measured as 0.52 at 77 K for the structure of a 160 nm thick Ga 0.47 In 0.53 As base and InP barrier layers. High energy peaks observed in current spectra suggested an appreciable hot electron transport. These show a promising potential of the OMVPE grown GaInAs/InP for its use in ballistic electron devices.
GSK3β Regulates Brain Energy Metabolism (2018)

GSK3β is a serine threonine kinase implicated in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Although the role of GSK3β in growth and pathology has been extensively studied, little is known about the metabolic consequences of GSK3β manipulation, particularly in the brain. Here, we show that GSK3β regulates mitochondrial energy metabolism in human H4 neuroglioma cells and rat PC12-derived neuronal cells and that inhibition of GSK3β in mice in vivo alters metabolism in the hippocampus in a region-specific manner. We demonstrate that GSK3β inhibition increases mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential and alters NAD(P)H metabolism. These metabolic effects are associated with increased PGC-1α protein stabilization, enhanced nuclear localization, and increased transcriptional co-activation. In mice treated with the GSK3β inhibitor lithium carbonate, changes in hippocampal energy metabolism are linked to increased PGC-1α. These data highlight a metabolic role for brain GSK3β and suggest that the GSK3β/PGC-1α axis may be important in neuronal metabolic integrity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Interferon‐α Inducer Imiquimod by Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions of 1‐ and 2‐Azahexatriene Systems. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecular Detection of Spotted-Fever Group Rickettsiae in Ticks Collected from Domestic and Wild Animals in Corsica, France (2019)

To obtain a better understanding of the current magnitude of tick-borne rickettsioses in Corsica, we used molecular methods to characterize the occurrence of <i>Rickettsia</i> spp. in ixodid ticks collected from domestic and wild animals. The presence of <i>Rickettsia</i> spp. was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting the <i>gltA</i> gene and by sequencing of <i>gltA</i> and <i>ompA</i> partial genes for species identification and phylogenetic analysis. Infection rates were calculated as the maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). In total, 1117 ticks belonging to four genera (<i>Rhipicephalus</i>, <i>Hyalomma</i>, <i>Ixodes</i>, and <i>Dermacentor</i>) were collected from cattle, sheep, wild boars, and companion animals during July-August 2017 and July 2018-January 2019. Overall, <i>Rickettsia</i> DNA was detected in 208 of 349 pools of ticks (MLE = 25.6%, 95% CI: 22.6-28.8%). The molecular analysis revealed five different rickettsial species of the spotted-fever group (SFG). We highlighted the exclusive detection of <i>Candidatus</i> Ri. barbariae in <i>R. bursa</i> and of <i>Ri. aeschlimanii</i> in <i>H. marginatum.</i> <i>Rickettsia slovaca</i> was detected in <i>D. marginatus</i> collected from wild boars. This study provides the first evidence of the presence of <i>Ri. monacensis</i> in <i>I. ricinus</i> ticks isolated from a dog in Corsica. In conclusion, our data revealed wide dispersal of SFG Rickettsiae and their arthropod hosts in Corsica, highlighting the need for surveillance of the risk of infection for people living and/or working close to infected or infested animals.
Comparison of Nonlinear Tracking Controllers for a Compressible Flow Process (1992)

Comparisons are made of two pressure-temperature controllers for a wind-tunnel type compressible flow process that includes control of pressures across a converging nozzle. Nonlinear flow characteristics of the nozzle present the key challenge for tracking rapid command trajectories. One controller is a linear integral-plus-state feedback configuration with gain scheduling. The other is a model-following controller that includes a feedforward inverse-process model to decouple and linearize the system. Simulation testing is used to compare the controllers, and sensitivity to feedforward modeling errors and feedback bandwidth is evaluated. Operational and implementation features are also compared.
New Synthetic Routes to Analogs of DDT (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Synthetic Routes to Analogs of DDTWilliam P. Keaveney and Douglas J. HennessyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 3, 1057–1058Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01050a518https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01050a518research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views81Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Can Percutaneous Cholecystostomy be a Definitive Management for Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis? (2011)

Percutaneous cholecystostomy is an effective procedure and a good alternative for patients unfit to undergo immediate surgery because of severe sepsis or an underlying comorbidity. After patients with AAC have recovered from percutaneous cholecystostomy, further treatment such as cholecystectomy might not be needed.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Aromatic Ketones Catalyzed by Ru Complex Using a New Bipyridyl Diphosphine. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Spectroelectrochemical Study of a Series of Fused Oligothiophenes (2010)

Optical, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical features of a family of triisopropylsilyl (TIPS) end-capped oligothienoacenes from the tetramer to the octamer are studied. The oxidation potentials and the formation and stability of the different oxidized species are influenced by the oligothienoacene chain length. The effect of the steric hindrance caused by the substituents on the p-dimerization of the radical cations is also investigated by comparing a trimethylsilyl (TMS) substituted pentathienoacene with a TIPS substituted one.