gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of supercooled liquid and plastic crystalline ethanol: Dielectric relaxation and AC nanocalorimetry distinguish structural α- and Debye relaxation processes (2017)

Physical vapor deposition has been used to prepare glasses of ethanol. Upon heating, the glasses transformed into the supercooled liquid phase and then crystallized into the plastic crystal phase. The dynamic glass transition of the supercooled liquid is successfully measured by AC nanocalorimetry, and preliminary results for the plastic crystal are obtained. The frequency dependences of these dynamic glass transitions observed by AC nanocalorimetry are in disagreement with conclusions from previously published dielectric spectra of ethanol. Existing dielectric loss spectra have been carefully re-evaluated considering a Debye peak, which is a typical feature in the dielectric loss spectra of monohydroxy alcohols. The re-evaluated dielectric fits reveal a prominent dielectric Debye peak, a smaller and asymmetrically broadened peak, which is identified as the signature of the structural α-relaxation and a Johari-Goldstein secondary relaxation process. This new assignment of the dielectric processes is supported by the observation that the AC nanocalorimetry dynamic glass transition temperature, T<sub>α</sub>, coincides with the dielectric structural α-relaxation process rather than the Debye process. The combined results from dielectric spectroscopy and AC nanocalorimetry on the plastic crystal of ethanol suggest the occurrence of a Debye process also in the plastic crystal phase.
A case of paraneoplastic pemphigus with antidesmoglein 1 antibodies as determined by immunoblotting (2000)

Journal Article A case of paraneoplastic pemphigus with antidesmoglein 1 antibodies as determined by immunoblotting Get access P. Martel, P. Martel Clinique dermatologique, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, 1 rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Gilbert, D. Gilbert Laboratoire d'immunopathologie clinique et expérimentale, INSERM U519, 22 boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Labeille, B. Labeille Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier de Valence, 179 boulevard du Maréchal Juin, 26000 Valence, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Kanitakis, J. Kanitakis Service de Dermatologie Vénérologie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 5 place Arsonval, 69003 Lyon, France E‐mail: pascal.joly@chu‐rouen.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Joly P. Joly Clinique dermatologique, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, 1 rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 4, 1 April 2000, Pages 812–813, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03433.x Published: 01 April 2000
Spiral inductors and transmission lines in silicon technology using copper-damascene interconnects and low-loss substrates (1997)

Spiral inductors and different types of transmission lines are fabricated by using copper (Cu)-damascene interconnects and high-resistivity silicon (HRS) or sapphire substrates. The fabrication process is compatible with the concepts of silicon device fabrication. Spiral inductors with 1.4-nH inductance have quality factors (Q) of 30 at 5.2 GHz and 40 at 5.8 GHz for the HRS and the sapphire substrates, respectively. 80-nH inductors have Q's as high as 13. The transmission-line losses are near 4 dB/cm at 10 GHz for microstrips, inverted microstrips, and coplanar lines, which are sufficiently small for maximum line lengths within typical silicon-chip areas. This paper shows that inductors with high Q's for lumped-element designs in the 1-10-GHz range and transmission lines with low losses for distributed-element designs beyond 10 GHz can be made available with the proposed adjustments to commercial silicon technology.
Efficacy of emamectin Benzoate and Bacillus thuringiensis at Controlling Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Populations on Cabbage in Florida (1995)

Gary L. Leibee, Richard K. Jansson, Gregg Nuessly, James L. Taylor, Efficacy of emamectin Benzoate and Bacillus thuringiensis at Controlling Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Populations on Cabbage in Florida, The Florida Entomologist, Vol. 78, No. 1 (Mar., 1995), pp. 82-96
Dimerization of Fab fragments enables ready screening of phage antibodies that affect hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor activity on target cells (1997)

A number of applications of antibodies in diagnosis and therapy require multivalent reagents either because of the polymeric nature of the antigens or because biological activity depends on an effect on the formation of homodimeric species. Here, we report a procedure for mass screening of phage-derived monomeric antibody fragments that depend on valency for activity. As a model system, a set of 13 phage-derived human Fab fragments were first selected against mouse and human recombinant hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF), a high molecular weight polypeptide growth factor related to the blood protease plasminogen and involved in development and cancer. These Fab fragments were subsequently screened for an effect on HGF/SF activity either as monomeric fragments or after dimerization with a monoclonal antibody (9E10) directed against a peptide tag on the fragments. Fab were identified that either inhibited or enhanced HGF/SF activity on target cell lines, but dimerization was required for this effect. The approach proposed should facilitate mass screening of phage-derived antibody fragments that depend on multiple valency for activity.
ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRATION OF OLIGOMERIC DNA IN POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS AND IN FREE SOLUTION (2001)

We review a model for the free-solution electrophoretic mobility of oligomeric double-stranded (ds) DNA. We have found that the free-solution mobility of ds DNA increases as the molecular weight of the fragment increases, up to a few hundred base pairs. This insight is combined with recent advances in the nature of counterion condensation theory of very short DNA fragments to describe quantitatively the electrophoretic mobility of oligomeric single-stranded DNA in polyacrylamide gels. The model predicts, in agreement with recent experiments, that significant anomalous migration exists with short DNA sequences, the onset of which is dependent on the size of polyacrylamide gel pores. For terminal phosphate-labeled DNA fragments, the free-solution mobility is no longer proportional to the ratio of the total effective charge and the friction coefficient. These changes in properties affect the characteristics of migration of end-labeled DNA fragments in polyacrylamide gels.
Thermoresponsive Interpolymeric Complex Assemblies from Co‐association of Linear PAAc Homopolymers with PNIPAAm Segments Containing PAAc‐Based Graft Copolymer (2011)

Abstract In aqueous solution at pH 3.0 and 20 °C, poly(acrylic acid)‐g‐poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide)/monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (PAAc‐g‐PNIPAAm/mPEG) can assemble spontaneously with linear poly(acrylic acid) homopolymers (homoPAAc) into interpolymeric complexes (IPC). The resultant IPC assemblies exhibit a core–corona structure consisting of a hydrophobic PAAc/PNIPAAm complex core surrounded by hydrated PNIPAAm/mPEG coronas. At temperatures above 30 °C, the assemblies transform into a core–shell–corona micelle. Highly loose, irregular IPC assemblies developed at a reduced weight ratio of homoPAAc with the graft copolymer at 20 °C show particle size enlargement and structural variation above 30 °C. By contrast, co‐assembly of long homoPAAc chains with the copolymer leads to large aggregates comprising several IPC assemblies interconnected by homoPAAc chain segments. magnified image
Targeted Delivery of Immunomodulators to Lymph Nodes (2016)

Active-targeted delivery to lymph nodes represents a major advance toward more effective treatment of immune-mediated disease. The MECA79 antibody recognizes peripheral node addressin molecules expressed by high endothelial venules of lymph nodes. By mimicking lymphocyte trafficking to the lymph nodes, we have engineered MECA79-coated microparticles containing an immunosuppressive medication, tacrolimus. Following intravenous administration, MECA79-bearing particles showed marked accumulation in the draining lymph nodes of transplanted animals. Using an allograft heart transplant model, we show that targeted lymph node delivery of microparticles containing tacrolimus can prolong heart allograft survival with negligible changes in tacrolimus serum level. Using MECA79 conjugation, we have demonstrated targeted delivery of tacrolimus to the lymph nodes following systemic administration, with the capacity for immune modulation in vivo.
Research on visualized data quality control methods of ground object spectrum in Yanzhou mining area (2010)

This article has been retracted by the publisher.
The case for liquid mirrors in orbiting telescopes (1992)

The characteristics of very large (10-1000 m diameter) orbiting-liquid mirror telescopes (OLMTs) continuously accelerated by the radiation pressure from the sun on solar sails are considered. OLMTs in halo orbits can be used for pointed observations. Orbit patching would allow access to different regions of the sky. Several practical considerations and issues are addressed.
Single-shot compressed ultrafast photography in the ultraviolet spectral range (2021)

The conventional ultrafast optical imaging methods in the ultraviolet (UV) spectral range are based on pump-probe techniques, which cannot record non-repeatable and difficult-to-produce transient dynamics. Compressed ultrafast photography (CUP), as a single-shot ultrafast optical imaging technique, can capture an entire transient event with a single exposure. However, CUP has been experimentally demonstrated only in visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. Moreover, the requirement to tilt a digital mirror device (DMD) in the system and the limitation of controllable parameters in the reconstruction algorithm also hinder CUP’s performance. To overcome these limitations, we extended CUP to the UV spectrum by integrating a patterned palladium photocathode into a streak camera. This design also nullifies the previous restrictions in DMD-based spatial encoding, improves the system’s compactness, and offers good spectral adaptability. Meanwhile, by replacing the conventional TwIST algorithm with a plug-and-play alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm, the reconstruction process is split into three secondary optimization problems to precisely update the separated variables in different steps, which considerably enhances CUP’s reconstruction quality. The system exhibits a sequence depth of up to 1500 frames with a size of 1750&times;500 pixels at an imaging speed of 0.5 trillion frames per second. The system’s ability of ultrafast imaging was investigated by recording the process of UV pulses travel through various transmissive targets with a single exposure. We envision that our system will open up many new possibilities in imaging transient UV phenomena.
Investigation of the performance of state-of-the-art defect inspection tools within EUV lithography (2012)

Optical bright field wafer inspection followed by repeater analysis is used to find a maximum number of programmed and natural defects on a EUV patterned mask. Each aspect of the inspection methodology affecting the sensitivity of the wafer inspection is optimized individually. A special focus is given to the wafer stack. Simulation is used to predict the optimum stack properties and experimental verification is performed through exposures on the IMEC EUV Alpha Demo Tool. The final result is benchmarked against state-of-the-art patterned mask inspection and blank inspection to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of the optical wafer inspection. In addition, the locations obtained by each inspection technique (wafer and mask) were reviewed on wafer by means of a new automated methodology that is based on a tight stage accuracy of both inspection tool and review SEM.
Methotrexate for immunosuppression in life‐supporting pig‐to‐cynomolgus monkey renal xenotransplantation (2003)

Methotrexate (MTX) has been used successfully as an immunosuppressant in rodent xenotransplantation models, but the data generated so far with MTX in pig-to-baboon cardiac transplantation studies have been disappointing. The potential of this agent was consequently explored in a life-supporting pig-to-primate renal model using the cynomolgus monkey as the recipient species. Introductory in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies with MTX were conducted in three cynomolgus monkeys. Subsequently, 10 cynomolgus monkey recipients of a life-supporting kidney from human decay-accelerating factor transgenic pigs were administered MTX intravenously according to three different regimens. All the animals also received cyclosporine A and steroids. In addition, mycophenolate sodium (MPS) was administered post-operatively in two of the three groups of transplanted animals. At clinically relevant concentrations, MTX is able in vitro to inhibit the mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) in cynomolgus monkeys. After intravenous administration, moreover, exposure of cynomolgus monkeys to MTX appeared to be higher than had been previously reported in baboons. Graft function was observed in the transplanted animals, which survived from 0 to 41 days. All but two animals revealed acute humoral rejection in the explanted graft and developed diarrhea. Diarrhea was the cause of euthanasia in five cases. It was unrelated to the administration of MPS and associated with severe histopathological signs of enteritis. This study demonstrates that the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles if MTX vary substantially between non-human primate species. In vitro, MTX has immunosuppressive properties in the cynomolgus monkey at clinically relevant concentrations. In vivo, MTX has a very narrow therapeutic window in cynomolgus monkeys, however, as it does in baboons. We conclude that MTX is scarcely effective as an immunosuppressant, be it for induction or maintenance, in pig-to-cynomolgus monkey renal xenotransplantation.
Distinctive Normal Harmonic Vibrations of [2.2]Paracyclophane (1997)

The hybrid Hartree−Fock/density functional method B3LYP and 4-31G(d) basis set were used for geometry optimizations and vibrational analysis of both the D2 and D2h conformers of [2.2]paracyclophane. The unprecedented full geometry optimization with a split valence basis set and a method that includes electron correlation shows the equilibrium structure of [2.2]paracyclophane to be the twisted D2 conformation with a calculated twist angle (CringCbridgeCbridgeCring) of 3.9°. We present the first complete assignment of all 90 normal harmonic vibrations of [2.2]paracyclophane. Upon examination of the calculated normal modes and comparison with prior assignments for paracyclophanes and p-xylene, we have identified vibrations that are cyclophane specific modes. Our calculated harmonic frequencies and relative intensities are in excellent overall agreement with the experimental IR spectrum. We have thus demonstrated the potential of hybrid Hartree−Fock/density functional theory as an electron-correlated method suitable and practical for characterizing even the large, highly strained, structurally and electronically unique parent of the [2.2]paracyclophane family.
Algorithm for automatic atmospheric corrections to visible and near-IR satellite imagery (1988)

Abstract An algorithm is developed for automatic atmospheric correction of satellite imagery of the Earth's surface. The algorithm is based solely on the satellite image being corrected and on climatology of the area. It is applicable to low resolution (1 km field of view) and high resolution (10-80m field of view) imagery of land areas for the solar spectrum. The algorithm requires that some pixels in the image will correspond to dense dark vegetation as the surface cover. Once the presence of such pixels is established, the algorithm automatically chooses these pixels, derives the atmospheric optical thickness (a measure of the amount of haze) and corrects the image. The algorithm is sensitive to the assumed reflectance of the dense dark vegetation. As a result, the accuracy of the corrected surface reflectance (p) is expected to be δp-±0.01. It is not very sensitive to the assumed aerosol characteristics, the accuracy of satellite calibration or the knowledge of the exact fraction of the image covered by the dense dark vegetation. The correction algorithm was applied to clear and hazy Landsat Multispectral Scanner images of the same area in the Washington D.C. and the Chesapeake Bay region. The aerosol optical thickness (ta) derived from the imagery shows a good agreement with simultaneous sunphotometer measurements from the ground within δTa=±0.20 in band 1 (0.5.0.6) and δta=±0.05 in band 2 (0.6-0.7μm). The images in the hazy and clear days were corrected and compared. The comparison shows, for example, that the vegetation index was corrected from 0-39 in the clear day and 0-21 in the hazy day to 0-57± 0.01 in these two days. The algorithm, in its present form, can be applied to satellite imagery that includes at least two channels in the visible part of the spectrum, preferably blue and red. Application to the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer type of sensor (with one broad channel in the visible part of the spectrum) would need some modifications.
Examination of index gradients created by Fick’s law diffusion (2020)

In the last few years, interest in research and development into new ways of creating gradient index optics has increased dramatically. One approach revisited was to employ diffusion, governed by Fick’s law, to generate both axial and radial index gradients. However, Fick’s law of diffusion tends to yield index gradients that are mathematically uncommon in optical engineering and lens design. The impact of these new gradients on lens aberrations and image quality are not well understood. We will examine index gradients that can be described by (makeable by) solving Fick’s diffusion laws but limited by the assumptions made to simplify the mathematics, the most significant of these being a diffusion coefficient of 1 on both sides of the boundary (implying a concentration change only) and that the change in concentration yields a one-to-one change in refractive index.
Molecular mechanism of two noncompetitive inhibitors of Na(+)-glucose cotransporter: comparison of DCCD and PCMB (1993)

The effects of noncompetitive inhibitors of Na(+)-dependent glucose uptake, p-chloromercuribenzoate N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD), on substrate-induced cotransporter conformational changes were examined using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and tryptophan fluorescence. p-chloromercuribenzoate (PCMB) inhibited both substrate-induced conformational changes with similar concentration required for 50% quenching/enhancement of tryptophan or FITC fluorescence. In contrast, DCCD inhibited the Na(+)-induced conformational change with an apparent concentration resulting in 50% inhibition (K0.5) of 18 microM and the glucose-induced conformational change with an apparent K0.5 of 5 microM. DCCD slightly increased the apparent K0.5 for the Na+ concentration required for Na(+)-induced conformational change. DCCD and PCMB altered tryptophan accessibility to quench reagents in all three conformations. Tryptophan residues on the PCMB-treated cotransporter were more Cs+ than I- sensitive in contrast to the unlabeled cotransporter. The PCMB-treated cotransporter had a reduced response to Na+, suggesting that the mode of PCMB inactivation of cotransporter activity resulted from conformational changes in the substrate-free cotransporter. DCCD had a smaller effect on cotransporter tryptophan quench reagent susceptibility. However, DCCD-labeled cotransporter was equally accessible to I- and Cs+, and the DCCD-labeled cotransporter did not respond to substrates. Loss of charge distribution around cotransporter tryptophans correlated with loss of substrate-induced conformational changes.
An Electro-Mechanical Actuator with Hydrostatic Drive for Subsea Trees to Reduce CAPEX and OPEX with Higher Reliability and Safety Levels (2018)

Abstract Although subsea production is already a mature technology, a high engineering effort is currently needed to "industrialize" the applied systems for cost optimization. The drive system applied for the actuation of subsea valves in trees and manifolds reflects exactly this challenge: how to reduce manufacturing costs by increasing safety and availability? The first approach was based on hydraulic cylinders, which were operated by electric-piloted hydraulic subsea valves with topside Hydraulic Power Units. This system is very robust, but leads to very cost-intensive umbilicals to provide the needed fluid power and prevent environmental damages due to leakage of hydraulic fluid into the sea. To reduce environmental pollution, complexity and costs; all-electric solutions were developed. However, hydraulic actuators continue to be used because of important benefits such as high power-density, lower friction and integration of a mechanical override. Is it possible to create a hybrid solution which can combine the benefits of both technologies? In other industries, this dilemma was solved by integrating the hydraulic cylinder into a self-contained electro-hydraulic servo axis, which applies pumps driven by variable-speed motors for accurate positioning. This paper presents the results of the development of an electro-mechanical actuator with hydrostatic drive to operate gate valves of subsea trees and manifolds. The main achievements, demonstrated by simulation and testing using a 2″ valve actuator at 3,000 m water depth, are: Cost-effective modular design using industrial componentsEnvironmentally friendly set upLower power consumptionHigh availability and condition monitoringFunctional safety able to achieve SIL 3Integration of mechanical overrideAdvanced Electric Controls with Industry 4.0 connectivity This system is an important step to close the technology gap to accomplish the all-subsea factory. Especially, it can be applied in cases where the hydraulic actuators are still preferred instead of all-electric actuators.
Modeling Visible/Near-Infrared Photometric Properties of Dustfall on a Known Substrate (2005)

We present a comprehensive visible/near-infrared two-layer radiative transfer modeling study using laboratory spectra of variable dust thicknesses deposited on substrates with known photometric parameters. The masking effects of Martian airfall dust deposition on rocks, soils, and lander/rover components provides the incentive to improve two-layer models [1-3]. It is believed that the model presented will facilitate understanding of the spectral and compositional properties of both the dust layer and substrate material, and allow for better compensation for dust deposition.
Peak torque, total work and power values when comparing individuals with Q-angle differences (2001)

The objective of this study was to examine possible differences in peak torque, total work and power between the quadriceps muscles relating to smaller or larger Q-angle. Twenty asymptomatic females between the ages of 23 to 27 met the inclusion crit