gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A framework for a distributed key management scheme in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (2008)

Key management has become a challenging issue in the design and deployment of secure wireless sensor networks. A common assumption in most existing distributed key management schemes is that all sensor nodes have the same capability. However, recent research works have suggested that connectivity and lifetime of a sensor network can be substantially improved if some nodes are given greater power and transmission capability. Therefore, how to exploit those heterogeneity features in design of a good distributed key management scheme has become an important issue. This paper proposes a unified framework for distributed key management schemes in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. Analytical models are developed to evaluate its performance in terms of connectivity, reliability, and resilience. Extensive simulation results show that, even with a small number of heterogeneous nodes, the performance of a wireless sensor network can be improved substantially. It is also shown that our analytical models can be used to accurately predict the performance of wireless sensor networks under varying conditions.
Marsmap: an Interactive Virtual Reality Model of the Pathfinder Landing Site (1998)

The Pathfinder mission made use of a unique capability to rapidly generate and interactively display three-dimensional photo-realistic virtual reality (VR) models of the Martian surface. Marsmap, the interactive terrain visualization system developed for Pathfinder by the authors as part of a participating science project, creates and renders digital terrain models produced from stereo images of Mars' surface taken by the lander’s IMP camera. A primary benefit of using VR to display geologic information is that it provides an improved perception of depth and spatial layout of the remote site. The VR aspect of the display allows an operator to move freely in the environment, unconstrained by the physical limitations of the perspective from which the data were acquired. Virtual Reality also offers a way to archive and retrieve information in a way that is easily understood. Combining the VR models with stereo display systems can enable a feeling of presence at the remote location. The capability, implemented in Marsmap, to interactively perform measurements from within the VR model offered unprecedented ease in performing operations that are normally time consuming and difficult using standard photogrametric techniques. This ground-breaking project demonstrated the power of using Virtual Reality as a cartographic tool.
Inter-vehicle communications: assessing information dissemination under safety constraints (2007)

The main goal of inter-vehicle communication technologies is to provide each vehicle with the required information about its surrounding in order to assist the driver avoiding potential dangers. The required information level, or awareness, can be achieved by the exchange of periodic status messages (beacons) among neighboring vehicles together with the quick dissemination of information about potential hazards. In previous work, we proposed an algorithm (D-FPAV) to control the beaconing load on the medium by adjusting the transmission power in a fair and distributed fashion. In this paper, we adapt a promising position-based message forwarding strategy in order to disseminate time-critical safety information. Moreover, we evaluate its performance when making use of D-FPAV, i.e., limiting the beaconing load on the medium, in a realistic highway environment with probabilistic radio propagation characteristics
RNA silencing of lactate dehydrogenase gene in Rhizopus oryzae. (2011)

Rhizopus oryzae is a filamentous fungus, belonging to the order Mucorales. It can ferment a wide range of carbohydrates hydrolyzed from lignocellulosic materials and even cellobiose to produce ethanol. However, R. oryzae also produces lactic acid as a major metabolite, which reduces the yield of ethanol. In this study, we show that significant reduction of lactic acid production could be achieved by short (25nt) synthetic siRNAs targeting the ldhA gene. The average yield of lactic acid production by R. oryzae during the batch fermentation process, where glucose had been used as a sole carbon source, diminished from 0.07gm/gm in wild type to 0.01gm/gm in silenced samples. In contrast, the average yield of ethanol production increased from 0.39gm/gm in wild type to 0.45gm/gm in silenced samples. These results show 85.7% (gm/gm) reduction in lactic acid production as compared with the wild type R. oryzae, while an increase of 15.4% (gm/gm) in ethanol yield.
Relationships between combination tones and psychophysical suppression (1977)

Psychophysical measures of combination tone level and suppression were obtained in the same subjects. Cancellation and compared. For all subjects the pulsation thresholds were lower than the cancellation levels. For three of the four subjects the difference between these two measures was equal to the amount that the cancellation tone was suppressed by the lower primary tone f1. The cancellation results are possibly over-estimates of the combination tone levels because the cancellation tone itself is suppressed by f1. With the level of the lower primary fixed and the level of the upper primary increased, the combination tone level first increased and then decreased for both cancellation and pulsation threshold measures. The point at which these functions turn over is the same level at which the upper primary starts to suppress the lower primary.
Mechanisms of Bicarbonate Secretion: Lessons from the Airways (2012)

Early studies showed that airway cells secrete HCO(3)(-) in response to cAMP-mediated agonists and HCO(3)(-) secretion was impaired in cystic fibrosis (CF). Studies with Calu-3 cells, an airway serous model with high expression of CFTR, also show the secretion of HCO(3)(-) when cells are stimulated with cAMP-mediated agonists. Activation of basolateral membrane hIK-1 K(+) channels inhibits HCO(3)(-) secretion and stimulates Cl(-) secretion. CFTR mediates the exit of both HCO(3)(-) and Cl(-) across the apical membrane. Entry of HCO(3)(-) on a basolateral membrane NBC or Cl(-) on the NKCC determines which anion is secreted. Switching between these two secreted anions is determined by the activity of hIK-1 K(+) channels.
Empty-space-in-silicon technique for fabricating a silicon-on-nothing structure (2000)

A promising technique to form the silicon-on-nothing structure is presented as an alternative to the silicon-on-insulator structure. A large plate-shaped empty space in silicon (ESS) below the surface of the silicon substrate can be fabricated by connecting the spherical empty spaces, which are formed by surface migration of Si on the patterned Si substrate. The ESS technique has the potential to change the microprocess for the fabrication of large-scale integrated circuits and it can be applied to various manufacturing technologies.
Two-photon spectroscopy of ions in crystals: Cu+ and Ag+ in the alkali halides (1984)

The two-photon (TP) spectra of the Cu+ and Ag+ impurities in some alkali chloride hosts have been obtained; here the ion is situated in a nearly octahedral chloride environment. Since the d→s transitions observed in the near UV are electronically allowed in TP spectroscopy (δ=3 gm), a simple theory of the polarization studies, in conjunction with the DV-Xα computer code led to a definitive characterization of the 1Eg, 1T2g crystal field splitting of the d9s excited state. We also obtained evidence of the Jahn–Teller effect in the 1Eg(d9s) state as well as a good understanding of the mixing of the 1Eg, 1T2g states resulting from the dynamic and static displacements of Cu+. The absolute value of the two-photon cross section was measured and compared to a calculated value.
Analysis of microscopic leaks in polyethylene gas distribution piping. Topical report, January 1993-January 1996 (1996)

The objective was to determine the cause of tiny holes (5 micro m to 50 micro m) found in polyethylene (PE) gas distribution piping in service, with the intent of reducing the number of leaks and thereby the operational costs. Since 1993, United Cities Gas Company (UCG) in Tennessee has discovered gas leaks that were traced to small holes that traversed the pipe wall approximately radially. These holes are smaller by an order of magnitude than other small holes known to occur in PE tubing because of electrostatic discharge. The pinholes were examined and characterized both physically and chemically, followed by experimental attempts to reproduce the pinholes. The causes of the pinholes could not be proven statistically, and the occurrence could not be reproduced in a controlled environment. However, evidence suggests that the pinholes occur because of a progressive breakdown in the electric resistance of the PE under a static electric field which is smaller than that necessary for instantaneous discharge to occur.
Transcriptome response of enterocytes to dietary lipids: impact on cell architecture, signaling, and metabolism genes (2008)

Intestine contributes to lipid homeostasis through the absorption of dietary lipids, which reach the apical pole of enterocytes as micelles. The present study aimed to identify the specific impact of these dietary lipid-containing micelles on gene expression in enterocytes. We analyzed, by microarray, the modulation of gene expression in Caco-2/TC7 cells in response to different lipid supply conditions that reproduced either the permanent presence of albumin-bound lipids at the basal pole of enterocytes or the physiological delivery, at the apical pole, of lipid micelles, which differ in their composition during the interprandial (IPM) or the postprandial (PPM) state. These different conditions led to distinct gene expression profiles. We observed that, contrary to lipids supplied at the basal pole, apical lipid micelles modulated a large number of genes. Moreover, compared with the apical supply of IPM, PPM specifically impacted 46 genes from three major cell function categories: signal transduction, lipid metabolism, and cell adhesion/architecture. Results from this first large-scale analysis underline the importance of the mode and polarity of lipid delivery on enterocyte gene expression. They demonstrate specific and coordinated transcriptional effects of dietary lipid-containing micelles that could impact the structure and polarization of enterocytes and their functions in nutrient transfer.
Synthesis and characterization of the pentacarbonylmanganese(0) radical, Mn(CO)5, in low-temperature matrixes (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of the pentacarbonylmanganese(0) radical, Mn(CO)5, in low-temperature matrixesStephen P. Church, Martyn Poliakoff, John A. Timney, and James J. TurnerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 25, 7515–7520Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00415a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00415a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views392Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Use of XyCAM RI for Noninvasive Visualization and Analysis of Retinal Blood Flow Dynamics During Clinical Investigations (2021)

XyCAM RI, with its unprecedented imaging capabilities to assess blood flow dynamics provides a powerful tool to ophthalmic researchers and doctors to obtain greater clinical insights into the physiological status of the posterior segment and treatment approaches for various diseases in a very patient-friendly, noninvasive manner, unlike dye-based angiographic techniques such as FA or ICG. XyCAM RI is well suited as a modality that could close the gap between current screening and comprehensive eye exams.
[Protective mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Paeonia lactiflora for experimental liver damage]. (1991)

Experimental model of acute liver damage with D-galactosamine was made. Thereafter, Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) and Paeonia lactiflora (PL) were given to the rats. Survival rate of rats and liver coefficient (liver weight/body weight) were observed. Changes of ALT and bilirubin in serum were detected. Level of plasma fibronectin (PFN) was determined at various times. Changes of pathological histology under microscope and electron-microscope were observed. The results showed that SM and PL could increase plasma fibronectin levels in rats, and improve the reticuloendothelial system function and plasma opsonic activity. Aggregation of microaggregated albumin, collagen fragment and immune complexes were markedly reduced. Liver immune damage and microcirculation disorder were avoided. Meanwhile, PFN could cause increase of phagocytosis of Kupffer cell to endotoxin. It is concluded that SM and PL play an important role in protective hepatocyte.
Inter-comparison of ultrasonic backscatter coefficient measurements of live rat fibroadenomas across multiple imaging platforms. (2010)

The backscatter coefficient (BSC) as a function of frequency is a system and operator independent parameter. It is the basis for some quantitative ultrasound (QUS) based on spectral analysis being translated into clinical use. This study aims to extend previous work in well-characterized physical phantoms to live animals where tissue properties are unknown. Six Sprague Dawley rats with spontaneous mammary tumors (five fibroadenomas and one carcinoma) were imaged with three clinical systems (Zonare Z.one, Ultrasonix RP, and Siemens S2000) and one single element laboratory system. Data were acquired from approximately the same region of the tumor with each scanner using independent setups. Scans of a reference phantom and Plexiglas plate were acquired for the clinical and laboratory systems, respectively. The data were analyzed using methods developed by the respective research group. BSC versus frequency plots show agreement in magnitude and trend among the different systems. The BSC estimates overlap each other, showing no more variability between systems than between consecutive imaging planes demonstrating agreement across multiple platforms and varied processing techniques between laboratories. Results support the potential to base diagnoses on QUS parameters. [Work was supported by NIH Grant R01CA111289.]
ER-associated CTRP1 regulates mitochondrial fission via interaction with DRP1 (2021)

C1q/TNF-related protein 1 (CTRP1) is a CTRP family member that has collagenous and globular C1q-like domains. The secreted form of CTRP1 is known to be associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, but its cellular roles have not yet been elucidated. Here, we showed that cytosolic CTRP1 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and that knockout or depletion of CTRP1 leads to mitochondrial fission defects, as demonstrated by mitochondrial elongation. Mitochondrial fission events are known to occur through an interaction between mitochondria and the ER, but we do not know whether the ER and/or its associated proteins participate directly in the entire mitochondrial fission event. Interestingly, we herein showed that ablation of CTRP1 suppresses the recruitment of DRP1 to mitochondria and provided evidence suggesting that the ER-mitochondrion interaction is required for the proper regulation of mitochondrial morphology. We further report that CTRP1 inactivation-induced mitochondrial fission defects induce apoptotic resistance and neuronal degeneration, which are also associated with ablation of DRP1. These results demonstrate for the first time that cytosolic CTRP1 is an ER transmembrane protein that acts as a key regulator of mitochondrial fission, providing new insight into the etiology of metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders.
Fundamental Link between Folding States and Functional States of Proteins (2009)

Folding and function of proteins are two aspects of proteins which are usually considered as basically unrelated phenomena that are optimized by evolution independently. From the funnel model of folding/unfolding and the associated energy landscape, we infer the paradigm that the minimum number of folding intermediates is determined by the number of all functional states of a protein ("essential" folding intermediates). Here, we demonstrate the supposed fundamental link using the Ras protein complexed with the GTP analogue GppNHp that occurs in two structural states coexisting in solution. State 2 was shown earlier to represent the effector interacting state, and the function of state 1 was hitherto unknown. By (31)P NMR spectroscopy, we demonstrate that state 1 represents the conformation interacting with guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Denaturation experiments of the protein with a chaotropic reagent show that both functional states coexist during folding and unfolding. Application of high pressure represents another perturbation of the energy landscape, leading to an increased population of the state 1 as observed by NMR spectroscopy. The specific volume difference between the two states DeltaV(12) is 17.2 +/- 0.5 mL mol(-1), indicating that state 1 represents a more open conformation of the protein. The free energies of stabilization for state 1 and state 2 at 278 K can be determined as 8.3 and 9.8 kJ mol(-1), respectively.
Partial Characterization of a Uteroglobin-Like Protein in the Human Uterus and Its Temporal Relationship to Prostaglandin Levels in This Organ* (1988)

During the past decade several corticosteroid-dependent, low mol wt proteins with phospholipase-A2 (PLA2) inhibitory activity have been described. This family of proteins is collectively known as lipocortins. Blastokinin or uteroglobin (utg), a progesterone-induced protein, first discovered in the pregnant rabbit uterus, is also a potent PLA2 inhibitor, but genetically distinct from lipocortins. Although utg has been found in rabbits, its presence in humans has not been well established. Here, we present biochemical, immunological, and immunohistological evidence for the detection of a utg-like protein in the human uterus. Since inhibition of PLA2 may modulate tissue eicosanoid levels and since rabbit utg has been reported to be a potent PLA2 inhibitor, we also studied the temporal relationship between utg and tissue prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha levels in estrogen- and progesterone-dominated endometrial tissue. We found an inverse temporal relationship between utg-like protein and eicosanoid levels in this organ. Since some eicosanoids (e.g. prostaglandins, leukotrienes, etc.) are known to be involved in smooth muscle contractility and inflammatory processes, our findings may help to understand the pathogenesis of some human disorders in which abnormal eicosanoid production occurs.
Relationship between Microstructures and Mechanical Properties in Ti&ndash;4.5Al&ndash;2Mo&ndash;1.6V&ndash;0.5Fe&ndash;0.3Si&ndash;0.03C for Next-Generation Aircraft Applications (2013)

The effects of various heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an (α + β)-type titanium alloy, Ti–4.5Al–2Mo–1.6V–0.5Fe–0.3Si–0.03C (KS Ti-9), were investigated systematically for possible use in next-generation aircraft applications.The as-received KS Ti-9 shows strong anisotropy of mechanical strength derived from the intense texture (T-texture) of the primary α phase. This anisotropy continues to be observed in KS Ti-9 annealed at a temperature below β transus followed by air cooling, but the anisotropy drastically decreases in KS Ti-9 when subjected to a duplex heat treatment, that is, when the as-received material of KS Ti-9 is sequentially heated to a temperature slightly below β transus followed by water quenching and then annealed followed by air cooling. It is considered that the reduction in the anisotropy in KS Ti-9 subjected to this duplex heat treatment is associated with the difference in the orientation of the precipitated acicular α phase.
Buoyancy-Activated Cell Sorting Using Targeted Biotinylated Albumin Microbubbles (2015)

Cell analysis often requires the isolation of certain cell types. Various isolation methods have been applied to cell sorting, including fluorescence-activated cell sorting and magnetic-activated cell sorting. However, these conventional approaches involve exerting mechanical forces on the cells, thus risking cell damage. In this study we applied a novel isolation method called buoyancy-activated cell sorting, which involves using biotinylated albumin microbubbles (biotin-MBs) conjugated with antibodies (i.e., targeted biotin-MBs). Albumin MBs are widely used as contrast agents in ultrasound imaging due to their good biocompatibility and stability. For conjugating antibodies, biotin is conjugated onto the albumin MB shell via covalent bonds and the biotinylated antibodies are conjugated using an avidin-biotin system. The albumin microbubbles had a mean diameter of 2 μm with a polydispersity index of 0.16. For cell separation, the MDA-MB-231 cells are incubated with the targeted biotin-MBs conjugated with anti-CD44 for 10 min, centrifuged at 10 g for 1 min, and then allowed 1 hour at 4 °C for separation. The results indicate that targeted biotin-MBs conjugated with anti-CD44 antibodies can be used to separate MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells; more than 90% of the cells were collected in the MB layer when the ratio of the MBs to cells was higher than 70:1. Furthermore, we found that the separating efficiency was higher for targeted biotin-MBs than for targeted avidin-incorporated albumin MBs (avidin-MBs), which is the most common way to make targeted albumin MBs. We also demonstrated that the recovery rate of targeted biotin-MBs was up to 88% and the sorting purity was higher than 84% for a a heterogenous cell population containing MDA-MB-231 cells (CD44(+)) and MDA-MB-453 cells (CD44-), which are classified as basal-like breast cancer cells and luminal breast cancer cells, respectively. Knowing that the CD44(+) is a commonly used cancer-stem-cell biomarker, our targeted biotin-MBs could be a potent tool to sort cancer stem cells from dissected tumor tissue for use in preclinical experiments and clinical trials.