gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SBR–PVDF based binder for the application of SLMP in graphite anodes (2013)

A styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)–polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) based binder system has been developed for an electrochemical system that is not compatible with the conventional N-methyl pyrrolidinone (NMP) solvent used to cast most Li-ion electrode slurries. This polymer system's binding properties decouple the mechanical and ionic-transport properties. It demonstrates comparable mechanical properties to SBR-based electrodes and cell performance to traditional PVDF-based electrodes. This new binder design however enables the incorporation of stabilized lithium metal powder (SLMP) into a graphite anode to improve its first cycle coulombic efficiency.
Modelling the impact of deep-water crustacean trawl fishery in the\n marine ecosystem off Portuguese Southwestern and South Coasts: I) the trophic\n web and trophic flows (2019)

The concentration of the population in coastal regions, in addition to the\ndirect human use, is leading to an accelerated process of change and\ndeterioration of the marine ecosystems. Human activities such as fishing\ntogether with environmental drivers (e.g. climate change) are triggering major\nthreats to marine biodiversity, and impact directly the services they provide.\nIn the South and Southwest coasts of Portugal, the deep-water crustacean trawl\nfishery is not exemption. This fishery is recognized to have large effects on a\nnumber of species while generating high rates of unwanted catches. However,\ntaking into account an ecosystem-based perspective, the fishing impacts along\nthe food web accounting for biological interactions between and among species\ncaught remains poorly understood. These impacts are particularly troubling and\nare a cause of concern given the cascading effects that might arise. Facing the\nmain policies and legislative instruments for the restoration and conservation\nof the marine environment, times are calling for implementing ecosystem-based\napproaches to fisheries management. To this end, we use a food web modelling\n(Ecopath with Ecosim) approach to assess the fishing impacts of this particular\nfishery on the marine ecosystem of southern and southwestern Portugal. In\nparticular, we describe the food web structure and functioning, identify the\nmain keystone species and/or groups, quantify the major trophic and energy\nflows, and ultimately assess the impact of fishing on the target species but\nalso on the ecosystem by means of ecological and ecosystem-based indicators.\nFinally, we examine limitations and weaknesses of the model for potential\nimprovements and future research directions.\n
Golden Fetish of Ad and Art (1977)

The purpose of this writing is to discuss an idea concerning advertising that will be established, as it is, rather dogmatically. Advertising is the most conspicuous ideological expression of the capitalist or 'free' market society.
Association of TDP-43 proteinopathy, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and Lewy bodies with cognitive impairment in individuals with or without Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology (2020)

Alzheimer's disease patients typically present with multiple co-morbid neuropathologies at autopsy, but the impact of these pathologies on cognitive impairment during life is poorly understood. In this study, we developed cognitive trajectories for patients with common co-pathologies in the presence and absence of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. Cognitive trajectories were modelled in a Bayesian hierarchical regression framework to estimate the effects of each neuropathology on cognitive decline as assessed by the mini-mental state examination and the clinical dementia rating scale sum of boxes scores. We show that both TDP-43 proteinopathy and cerebral amyloid angiopathy associate with cognitive impairment of similar magnitude to that associated with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. Within our study population, 63% of individuals given the 'gold-standard' neuropathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in fact possessed either TDP-43 proteinopathy or cerebral amyloid angiopathy of sufficient severity to independently explain the majority of their cognitive impairment. This suggests that many individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease may actually suffer from a mixed dementia, and therapeutics targeting only Alzheimer's disease-related processes may have severely limited efficacy in these co-morbid populations.
A novel RP-HPLC method development and validation of Perindopril Erbumine in bulk drug and tablet dosage form (2014)

International audience
Genetic diversity in camelina germplasm as revealed by seed quality characteristics and RAPD polymorphism (2005)

Abstract Camelina is an alternative oilseed crop species with limited information about the origin and diversity of available germplasm. Therefore, a set of 130 camelina accessions from a world collection was evaluated for oil content, protein content and 1000‐seed weight in field experiments grown in three macro‐environments in Austria. Based on phenotypic data, accessions were categorized into four groups with different seed characteristics using k ‐means cluster analysis or principal component extraction. Subsequently, a representative set of 41 accessions was subjected to random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Of 24 primers, 15 were polymorphic producing a total of 30 marker loci. Genetic distance estimates between the 41 accessions were calculated, based both on RAPD polymorphism and on seed quality characteristics, and dendrograms were generated for comparison. Similarities were found between the two different clustering approaches, and grouping was partly in agreement with pedigree information or geographic origin. However, as the two estimates of diversity sampled different segments of the genome, i.e. regions coding for seed characteristics or phenotypically neutral genomic regions highlighted by discrete markers, the correlation between the two distance matrices was low.
Synthesis and Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF)-Antagonistic Activities of 1,4-Disubstituted Piperazine Derivatives. (1994)

2- or 3-Substituted 1-(2,3-dimethoxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzocyclohepten-8- ylcarbonyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)- and 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)piperazines (2a-s, 3a, b) were prepared and evaluated for antagonistic activities against platelet-activating factor (PAF)-induced platelet aggregation and blood pressure reduction. The 2-methoxymethyl derivative (2f) showed the most potent activities in this series. The enantiomers (R)-(+)-2f and (S)-(-)-2f were synthesized from carbobenzoxy-O-benzyl-L- and D-serine in several steps. In the binding experiment, (S)-(-)-2f showed thirty times greater affinity than the R isomer for the PAF receptor.
Robust control of STATCOM based on sliding mode technique (2009)

This paper presents a robust controller for GTO based static compensators (STATCOM), which guarantees fast and stable voltage regulation under all operating conditions. The design of control system is based upon the Sliding Mode technique. The system is simulated in order to validate the controller performances. The stability of proposed composite controller is proved by Lyaponuv theory. The effectiveness and validity of the controller system is supported by computer simulation. Simulation results obtained, confirm that the controller is robust and stable against all of the parameters variations and uncertainties.
Application of Acyzol in the Context of Zinc Deficiency and Perspectives (2019)

Zinc is one of the most important essential trace elements. It is involved in more than 300 enzyme systems and is an indispensable participant in many biochemical processes. Zinc deficiency causes a number of disorders in the human body, the main ones being the delay of growth and puberty, immune disorders, and cognitive dysfunctions. There are over two billion people in the world suffering from zinc deficiency conditions. Acyzol, a zinc-containing medicine, developed as an antidote against carbon monoxide poisoning, demonstrates a wide range of pharmacological activities: Anti-inflammatory, reparative, detoxifying, immunomodulatory, bacteriostatic, hepatoprotective, adaptogenic, antioxidant, antihypoxic, and cardioprotective. The presence of zinc in the composition of Acyzol suggests the potential of the drug in the treatment and prevention of zinc deficiency conditions, such as Prasad's disease, immune system pathology, alopecia, allergodermatoses, prostate dysfunction, psoriasis, stomatitis, periodontitis, and delayed mental and physical development in children. Currently, the efficiency of Acyzol in the cases of zinc deficiency is shown in a large number of experimental studies. So, Acyzol can be used as a highly effective drug for pharmacologic therapy of a wide range of diseases and conditions and it opens up new perspectives in the treatment and prevention of zinc deficiency conditions.
GABA and Epilepsy: Their Complex Relationship and the Evolution of Our Understanding (1992)

Because of its abundance in the brain, its ability to produce hyperpolarizing inhibition of almost all neurons, its association with benzodiazepines, and the discovery that many convulsants inhibited its synthesis, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has often appeared to be the key to epilepsy. Many assumed that "primary" or "genetic" epilepsy must be a disorder of GABA synapses and that GABA agonists would be universal anticonvulsants if permeability and drug metabolism were controlled. The GABA synthetic gene was a logical "candidate gene" for epilepsy. However, the GABA-deficiency theory of epilepsy is less convincing today. GABA agonists were found to intensify seizures in some rodent and human cases. Absence and other generalized seizures in humans often worsened when treated with GABA transaminase inhibitors such as gamma-vinyl-GABA. Surprisingly, the GABA transaminase inhibitors appear to be more useful in partial than in generalized epilepsies. Neuronal GABA uptake blockers are proconvulsant. GABA agonists aggravate seizures in several mutants, ranging from the photosensitive baboon to the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. How can this be understood? Muscimol injections into the pedunculopontine nucleus increase seizures due to systematically administered convulsants, while the receptor blocker bicuculline suppresses seizures after injection into several brain regions, including the striatum. The result of inhibiting inhibitory circuits is excitation. Studies with GABA uptake blockers and the GABAB agonist baclofen are presented in which their combined administration provoked seizures in rats. Baclofen was shown also to increase the incidence of seizures evoked by pentylenetetrazole without increasing seizures due to local injections of excitatory amino acids. Baclofen antagonized the myoclonic effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan in rats with serotonin lesions. Baclofen augments some seizures and inhibits others. Selective inhibition of a particular tract, whether GABAergic or not, may have convulsant or anticonvulsant effects, depending on its connections and the state of the organism. GABAA receptor stimulation is usually but not always anticonvulsant. GABAB receptor stimulation may facilitate absence seizures and related primary generalized seizures. GABAB receptors may be abnormal in some forms of nonfocal epilepsy seen in childhood. It is likely that mutations of GABA transporter and GABAA receptor genes will be found in humans but they will probably not be patients with "pure epilepsy."
Solvent Effects on the Heterogeneous Adsorption and Reactions of (2-Chloroethyl)ethyl Sulfide on Nanocrystalline Magnesium Oxide (2002)

The noncatalytic destructive adsorption of (2-chloroethyl)ethyl sulfide (2-CEES), a mimic of bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide (“HD” or Mustard Gas), on nanocrystalline magnesium oxide (AP-MgO) was studied in several solvents from pentane to methanol. The decomposition products formed in these reactions were vinylethyl sulfide and (2-hydroxyethyl)ethyl sulfide. Reactions in pentane allowed the highest reaction rates, while tetrahydrofuran (THF) and methanol gave results quite different from those for the hydrocarbon solvent. Reactions in methanol yielded (methoxyethyl)ethyl sulfide and not the vinylethyl sulfide and (2-hydroxyethyl)ethyl sulfide compounds. These studies showed that the MgO-2-CEES reaction chemistry is significantly affected by the solvent present and can be enhanced by choice of solvent and the addition of small amounts of water. Interestingly, the least polar, least reactive solvent (pentane) allowed the most rapid 2-CEES reactions, indicating that the solvent simply aided material transfer to the reactive surface sites without blocking these sites. Rate changes upon water addition, coupled with FTIR studies, indicate that isolated surface OH groups are important reactive sites. These results indicate that the use of certain “inert” solvents greatly aids material transfer, and thereby the reaction rates of the sorbent with the toxin are significantly enhanced.
Evaluation Model of Maritime Search and Rescue Response Capability (2019)

Considering the problems of randomness and fuzziness in evaluating indexes from maritime search and rescue response capability system, a novel method based on subjective-objective attribute weights integrated and center normal grey cloud method was presented. Firstly, cloud theory was introduced to transform the uncertainty of factors into quantitative digital features, to achieve the qualitative indicators of quantitative processing. Secondly, the improved analytic hierarchy process(IAHP) and criteria improved through inter-criteria correlation(CRITIC) were used respectively to determine the subjective and objective weights. The comprehensive weights were thus obtained through the relative information entropy principle. Thirdly, grey cloud method was used to make the second level evaluation indexs to get the assessment of maritime search and rescue response capability. And on the basis of that, the maritime search and rescue response capability evaluation results was obtained. Finally, the model was evaluated on three ports and the results showed the IAHP-CRITIC combination weighting method can effectively integrate the subjective and objective weights information. Compared with the other traditional models, our proposed model in this paper is closer to the actual situation which can comprehensively consider grey, fuzziness and randomness in the evaluation process. The above illustrative example analysis shows the effectiveness and feasibility of this method.
Integrated Wide-Band Millimeter Wave Imaging System (2004)

Abstract : In this project, we developed and demonstrated the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of a millimeter wave imaging system. To achieve these goals we employed our electromagnetic modeling expertise to design and refine the system specifications. A novel two-element all-diffractive millimeter wave imaging system has been implemented to significantly reduce the overall size and weight of the system while maintaining mission criteria. We also set up a new and dedicated mmW characterization and testing system. The new test platform with a capability of 3D vector-based near field scanning allows us to fully characterize and simulate mmW radiation. Based on this testing system, the in-house fabricated diffractive mmW lens has been characterized and shown to have diffraction limited performance, which results in a demonstrated capability for mmW imaging. In addition, we investigated two broadband frequency-independent antennas: conical and planar spiral antennas, which offer possible integration into the mmW imaging system. Detailed achievements and progress made during the course of this effort are presented in this report.
SaberLDA: Sparsity-Aware Learning of Topic Models on GPUs (2016)

Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is a popular tool for analyzing discrete count data such as text and images. Applications require LDA to handle both large datasets and a large number of topics. Though distributed CPU systems have been used, GPU-based systems have emerged as a promising alternative because of the high computational power and memory bandwidth of GPUs. However, existing GPU-based LDA systems cannot support a large number of topics because they use algorithms on dense data structures whose time and space complexity is linear to the number of topics. In this paper, we propose SaberLDA, a GPU-based LDA system that implements a sparsity-aware algorithm to achieve sublinear time complexity and scales well to learn a large number of topics. To address the challenges introduced by sparsity, we propose a novel data layout, a new warp-based sampling kernel, and an efficient sparse count matrix updating algorithm that improves locality, makes efficient utilization of GPU warps, and reduces memory consumption. Experiments show that SaberLDA can learn from billions-token-scale data with up to 10,000 topics, which is almost two orders of magnitude larger than that of the previous GPU-based systems. With a single GPU card, SaberLDA is able to learn 10,000 topics from a dataset of billions of tokens in a few hours, which is only achievable with clusters with tens of machines before.
Software development with code maps (2010)

Could ubiquitous hand-drawn code map diagrams become a thing of the past?
Negative electron resists for direct fabrication of devices (1978)

The Bell Laboratories electron-beam exposure system (EBES) is currently being used to fabricate master masks and experimental devices using a negative resist based on poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate) (COP) and a positive resist, poly(butene-1-sulfone) (PBS). COP was designed to have a sensitivity of 2–4×10−7 C cm−2 and good wet chemical etching resistance for a variety of thin-film conductors and insulators. The resolution obtained with a 0.6-μm initial COP film exposed with EBES and processed on a routine line is 2.0 μm. These characteristics are satisfactory for current requirements; soon however, machine improvements, smaller device geometries, and new processing procedures are going to place increasing demands on resist systems. In addition to resolution requirements, it is desirable to have a resist which is resistant to ion beam milling, plasma etching, or other dry etching techniques. Each of these requirements will be discussed in detail. This paper summarizes the results of the synthesis and initial lithographic evaluation of several potential negative electron resist systems. These resists were designed to have higher resolution and improved dry etching resistance than the negative resist, COP. Specifically copolymers of glycidyl methacrylate and/or glycidyl acrylate with styrene, and phenyl methacrylate will be discussed.
ENZYMES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 7.[1] EVALUATION OF HOMOCHIRAL t-BUTYL(PHENYL)PHOSPHINOTHIOIC ACID FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ENANTIOMERIC EXCESSES AND ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATIONS OF α-SUBSTITUTED PHOSPHONATES (1998)

Abstract α-Hydroxy-, α-acetoxy-. α-chloroacetoxg, α-azido-, α-phthalimidooxy-, and α-aminooxy-phosphonates are investigated by 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy in the presence of homochiral t−butyl(phenyl)phosphinothioic acid as chiral solvating agent. The 31P NMR shift differences for the diastereomeric complexes of α-hydroxyphosphonates are large (0.10 -0.30 ppm) and allow the determination of their enantiomeric excess and the cautious assignment of their absolute configuration.
Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization by using femtosecond laser pulses in the near‐infrared wavelength regime (2009)

We observe a substantial matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) signal when irradiating femtosecond laser pulses in the near-infrared spectral range centered around 800 nm and using standard MALDI matrices with absorption bands in the ultraviolet (UV) regime. The laser pulse energy dependence of this novel phenomenon is investigated in comparison with MALDI with near-UV laser pulses. Our observations show that multiphoton absorption/ionization could be a major issue among the MALDI processes when the sample is irradiated with ultra-short laser pulses.
Giant terahertz surface plasmon polaritons on a wire (2009)

Abstract only.
Molecular analysis of mutations in T-lymphocytes from experienced Soviet cosmonauts (1997)

Somatic mutation in five cosmonauts who have completed spaceflights of 7 to 365 days was analyzed using the clonal HPRT assay. The doses received in space by the cosmonauts ranged from 4 to 127 mGy. hprt mutant frequencies were 2.4-5.0-fold higher than age-corrected values established for healthy, unexposed subjects in western countries [Tates et al. (1991): Mutat Res 253: 199-213; Branda et al. (1993): Mutat Res 285: 267-279] and 2- to 3-fold higher than those determined for unexposed individuals residing in Russia [Jones et al. (1995): Mutat Res 338: 129-139]. A total of 107 collected mutant clones were analyzed by multiplex PCR. No excess of deletions was detected and their frequency did not correlate with either accumulated dose or the age of the cosmonauts. In 62 mutants cDNA was isolated by RT-PCR and sequenced. Those with splicing errors, as well as the mutants that did not produce cDNA, were further analyzed by the sequencing of exon(s)-containing fragments amplified from genomic DNA. The mutational spectrum recovered from the cosmonauts differed substantially from that of unexposed healthy subjects (P = 0.042), and exhibited an increased incidence of splicing errors, frameshifts, and complex mutations. Higher frequencies of contribution of AT-->GC transitions and GC-->TA transversions were also observed. The increased mutant frequencies and observed shifts in mutational spectra likely indicate a combination of potential influences, including environment, lifestyle, and occupational exposures. Further elucidation of these potential influences will require a more extensive study involving the general population sharing similar environment, cosmonauts in training and cosmonauts participating in space flights.
A Linear Combination of Pharmacophore Hypotheses as a New Tool in Search of New Active Compounds – An Application for 5-HT1A Receptor Ligands (2013)

This study explores a new approach to pharmacophore screening involving the use of an optimized linear combination of models instead of a single hypothesis. The implementation and evaluation of the developed methodology are performed for a complete known chemical space of 5-HT1AR ligands (3616 active compounds with K i < 100 nM) acquired from the ChEMBL database. Clusters generated from three different methods were the basis for the individual pharmacophore hypotheses, which were assembled into optimal combinations to maximize the different coefficients, namely, MCC, accuracy and recall, to measure the screening performance. Various factors that influence filtering efficiency, including clustering methods, the composition of test sets (random, the most diverse and cluster population-dependent) and hit mode (the compound must fit at least one or two models from a final combination) were investigated. This method outmatched both single hypothesis and random linear combination approaches.
Stentless Aortic Xenograft Heart Valves (2003)

The history of stentless aortic valves dates back as far as the history of valve replacement per se. The first stentless valves were homografts1 and as early as 1967 the Ross-operation has been performed with remarkable long term success.2 Binet3 was the first surgeon who described the use of porcine stentless xenografts, however, due to poor tissue fixation technology these valves were abandoned very soon. Since then the fate of stented as well as stentless bioprostheses has been closely related to tissue processing technology. Analogous to the experience with homografts, which had evidenced that stentless freehand sewn grafts lasted longer than stented ones, a renewed interest in stentless valves occurred.