gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beyond single mothers: Cohabitation and marriage in the AFDC program (1998)

We investigate the extent and implications of cohabitation and marriage among U.S. welfare recipients. An analysis of four data sets (the Current Population Survey, the National Survey of Families and Households, the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth) shows significant numbers of cohabitors among recipients of AFDC. An even more surprising finding is the large number of married women on welfare. We also report the results of a telephone survey of state AFDC agencies conducted to determine state rules governing cohabitation and marriage. The survey results indicate that, in a number of respects, AFDC rules encourage cohabitation. Finally, we conduct an analysis of the impact of AFDC rules on cohabitation, marriage, and single motherhood and find weak evidence in support of incentives to cohabit.
Correlation Dependent LMS for Fading Channel Tracking (2007)

Maximal-ratio combining (MRC) is known to be optimal in receivers employing antenna arrays. In applications where rapid changes in the propagation environment occur due to transmitter or receiver motion, the performance of the MRC is dependent on the ability of the receiver to track local channel variations. The least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm is often utilised in tracking applications due to its low computational complexity [1], however its rate of convergence is known to be poorer than that of other tracking algorithms such as the Kalman filter.

The LMS rate of convergence is strongly dependent on step size, μ [2]; if μ is improperly chosen the algorithm can suffer from paralysis (μ too small) or instability (μ too large). In this paper we modify the standard LMS algorithm by introducing a step size dependent on instantaneous channel correlation, creating a correlation dependent LMS (CDLMS) algorithm. Using simulation, we confirm CDLMS is better able to track channel variations than the LMS algorithm in slow Rayleigh fading channels, allowing more efficient use of MRC at the receiver. 

Selected List of References:

 1. J. H. Winters, “Signal Acquisition and Tracking with Adaptive Arrays in Wireless Systems,” IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, 1993, pp 85-88.
 2. S. Haykin, Adaptive Filter Theory. 2nd ed, Prentice Hall, 1996.
Flexible Wing Base Micro Aerial Vehicles: Towards Flight Autonomy: Vision-Based Horizon Detection for Micro Air Vehicles (2002)

Recently substantial progress has been made towards design building and testifying remotely piloted Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs). This progress in overcoming the aerodynamic obstacles to flight at very small scales has, unfortunately, not been matched by similar progress in autonomous MAV flight. Thus, we propose a robust, vision-based horizon detection algorithm as the first step towards autonomous MAVs. In this paper, we first motivate the use of computer vision for the horizon detection task by examining the flight of birds (biological MAVs) and considering other practical factors. We then describe our vision-based horizon detection algorithm, which has been demonstrated at 30 Hz with over 99.9% correct horizon identification, over terrain that includes roads, buildings large and small, meadows, wooded areas, and a lake. We conclude with some sample horizon detection results and preview a companion paper, where the work discussed here forms the core of a complete autonomous flight stability system.
Bayesian Pharmacokinetically Guided Dosing of Paclitaxel in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (2004)

The results indicate that the applied pharmacokinetically guided dosing strategy for paclitaxel is safe and technically feasible. A randomized study is necessary to demonstrate whether dose individualization may result in improved activity and efficacy in patients with NSCLC.
Prefiltered antialiased lines using half-plane distance functions (2000)

We describe a method to compute high-quality antialiased lines by adding a modest amount of hardware to a fragment generator based upon half-plane edge functions. (A fragment contains the information needed to paint one pixel of a line or a polygon.) We surround an antialiased line with four edge functions to create a long, thin, rectangle. We scale the edge functions so that they compute signed distances from the four edges. At each fragment within the antialiased line, the four distances to the fragment are combined and the result indexes an intensity table. The table is computed by convolving a filter kernel with a prototypical line at various distances from the line's edge. Because the convolutions aren't performed in hardware, we can use wider, more complex filters with better high-frequency rejection than the narrow box filter common to supersampling antialiasing hardware. The result is smoother antialiased lines.
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is up-regulated by CCL21/CCR7 interaction via extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 signaling and is involved in CCL21-driven B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell invasion and migration (2007)

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) progression is frequently accompanied by clinical lymphadenopathy, and the CCL21 chemokine may play an important role in this process. Indeed, CCR7 (the CCL21 receptor), as well as matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), are overexpressed in infiltrating B-CLL cells. We have studied whether MMP-9 is regulated by CCL21 and participates in CCL21-dependent migration. CCL21 significantly increased B-CLL MMP-9 production, measured by gelatin zymography. This was inhibited by blocking extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) activity or by cell transfection with CCR7-siRNA. Accordingly, CCL21/CCR7 interaction activated the ERK1/2/c-Fos pathway and increased MMP-9 mRNA. CCL21-driven B-CLL cell migration through Matrigel or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was blocked by anti-CCR7 antibodies, CCR7-siRNA transfection, or the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126, as well as by anti-MMP-9 antibodies or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1). These results strongly suggest that MMP-9 is involved in B-CLL nodal infiltration and expand the roles of MMP-9 and CCR7 in B-CLL progression. Both molecules could thus constitute therapeutic targets for this disease.
Underdetermined Sound Source Separation Using Power Spectrum Density Estimated by Combination of Directivity Gain (2013)

A method for separating underdetermined sound sources based on a novel power spectral density (PSD) estimation is proposed. The method enables up to <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</i> ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</i> -1)+1 sources to be separated when we use a microphone array of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</i> sensors and a Wiener post-filter calculated by the estimated PSDs. The PSD of a beamformer's output is modelled by a mixture of source PSDs multiplied by the beamformer's directivity gain in the particular angle where each source is located. Based on this model, the PSD of each sound source is estimated from the PSD of multiple fixed beamformers' outputs using the difference in the combination of directivity gains. Simulation results proved that the proposed method effectively separated up to <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</i> ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</i> -1)+1 sound sources if the fixed beamformers were appropriately selected. Experiments were also conducted in a reverberant chamber to ensure the proposed method was also effective in practical use.
500&deg;F Embrittlement and Fracture Toughness of Steels (1973)

500°F embrittlement in various steels (JIS: S 15 C, S 35 C, SNCM 8, SKS 3 and SKD 5) were studied in terms of fracture toughness.The results obtained are as follows:(1) 500°F embrittlement reveals itself clearly in crack initiation resistance K*C or crack propagation resistance KC, but not in plane strain crack propagation resistance KIC. This indicates that the plastic deformation under plane stress at notch or crack tip is necessary for occurrence of 500°F embrittlement.(2) In order to detect 500°F embrittlement of these steels sensitively, a smaller ratio of the notch root radius to the specimen thickness must be chosen as plane strain fracture toughness KIC in the as-quenched state is larger, and vice versa.(3) The dimple fracture occurs not only in the toughened specimen but also in the embrittled one, so that 500°F embrittlement is not necessarily connected with intergranular fracture.
Inhibition of Rabies Virus in vitro by the Ammonium-5-Tungsto-2-Antimoniate (1978)

In vitro multiplication of rabies virus was inhibited by a condensed mineral ion, ammonium-5-tungsto-2-antimoniate (HPA 23). The inhibitory effect was evaluated by two different methods, plaque reduction and one step virus growth. Plaquing showed 50% inhibition with 4.5 microgram/ml of HPA 23 and complete inhibition with 12.5 microgram/ml. A reduction of two logs in virus yield was obtained in BHK21C13S cells in suspension treated with 50 microgram/ml of HPA 23. Inhibition also occurred when treatment with HPA 23 was started 18 to 24 h after infection in the plaque assay but no effect was seen when HPA 23 was added 48 h after virus inoculation. All these inhibitory effects of HPA 23 on rabies virus multiplication were observed at non cytotoxic doses. Therefore HPA 23 contrasts with other antiviral drugs which do not inhibit rabies virus multiplication without affecting the viability of cells.
局部连通图的群 Z 3 -连通性 (2015)

本文研究了局部连通图的群连通性的问题.利用不断收缩非平凡Z3-连通子图的方法, 在G是3-边连通且局部连通的无爪无沙漏图的情况下, 获得了G不是群Z3-连通的当且仅当G是K4或W5.推广了当G是2-边连通且局部3-边连通时, G是群Z3-连通的这个结果.
Incident Renal Events and Risk Factors in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (2006)

For determination of the incidence of renal events in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) all patients who had ADPKD and attended nephrology/urology clinics in Newfoundland in 1981 were identified, and members of 18 families who were at 50% risk for inheriting ADPKD were followed prospectively for 22 yr, including research clinics at 6-yr intervals. Time to hypertension treatment, stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD), ESRD, and death was measured, and the impact of genotype, gender, gender of parent who transmitted PKD, family, family history of essential hypertension, parity, and oral contraceptive pill was assessed. Nine (50%) families had PKD1, four (22%) had PKD2, and one had both PKD1 and PKD2. The number of family members with PKD1 was 136 and with PKD2 was 60. In PKD1 median age to hypertension treatment was 46 yr, to CKD stage 3 was 50 yr, to ESRD was 53 yr, and to death was 67 yr. In PKD2, median age to hypertension treatment was 51 yr, to CKD stage 3 was 66 yr, to death was 71 yr, and ESRD was infrequent. Although the incidence of CKD was later and ESRD occurred infrequently in PKD2 compared with PKD1, early onset of hypertension occurred and life expectancy was compromised. Genotype, family, and proteinuria were identified as risk factors for incident renal events. Gender, gender of parent who transmitted PKD, family history of essential hypertension, multiparity, and use of the oral contraceptive pill were not identified as risk factors for renal events in ADPKD.
Architectures and Circuits for Software-Defined Radios: Scaling and Scalability for Low Cost and Low Energy (2007)

Energy scalable architectures and circuits for SDRs are proposed, for both a reconfigurable RF front-end and a heterogeneous multiprocessor SoC in a baseband platform. A performance/energy manager dynamically exploits the energy scalability and the dynamics in application requirements and propagation environment, realizing low-power operation. For the transmitter, the energy-scalability is translated to an average system-level energy-efficiency improvement of up to 40%.
An Analysis of Scaling Issues for Point-to-Multipoint Label Switched Paths in MPLS-TE Core Networks (2010)

Traffic engineered Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS-TE) is deployed
in providers' core networks, and the scaling properties have been
analyzed to show how much control state must be maintained to support
a full mesh of edge-to-edge point-to-point (P2P) Label Switched Paths
(LSPs) in various network topologies and with several different
scaling techniques. Point-to-multipoint (P2MP) MPLS-TE LSPs are very
interesting to service providers as a means to provide multicast
services (such as TV distribution, or multicast VPN connectivity)
across core MPLS networks. P2MP LSPs have different scaling properties
than P2P LSPs, and service providers need to understand whether
existing protocols and implementations can support the network sizes
and service levels that they are planning in their P2MP MPLS-TE
networks. This document presents an analysis of the scaling
properties MPLS-TE core networks that support P2MP LSPs.
Effects of Certain Growth Factors on In Vitro Maturation of Rat Fetal Islet-like Structures (1996)

We have previously studied the expression of protein tyrosine kinases in different preparations of insulin producing cells by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among the tyrosine kinases thus identified were the fibroblast growth factor receptor-4 (FGFR-4), c-Kit, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) receptor, and the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase Jak2, which associates with the activated receptor for growth hormone (GH). To elucidate the putative biological effects of the receptors identified, fetal islet-like structures were cultured in the absence or presence of the ligands to the receptors identified, namely, acidic FGF (aFGF), stem-cell factor (SCF), IGF-I, and GH, whereafter insulin and DNA contents as well as insulin secretion to the culture medium were determined. Nerve growth factor (NGF), the ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor Trk-A, was also included. aFGF and GH were found to stimulate insulin release to the culture medium, whereas SCF augmented insulin contents/DNA as well as islet DNA contents. No effects of NGF or IGF-I were detected. Immunohistochemical studies of fetal rat pancreas showed localization of the c-Kit protein to the pancreatic ducts, whereas immuno-reactivity against FGFR-4 could be detected in both endocrine and exocrine parts of the pancreas as well as in the pancreatic ducts. It is concluded that tyrosine kinase receptors may be involved in the maturation of pancreatic beta cells.
Benefit/risk profile of high-dose antithrombin in patients with severe sepsis treated with and without concomitant heparin (2006)

A randomised, prospective, placebo-controlled phase III multicentre clinical trial (KyberSept) has been performed to test the efficacy of high-dose antithrombin therapy in patients with severe sepsis. Concomitant low-dose heparin has been routinely given in two thirds of patients for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis. This study analyses heparin - antithrombin interactions in terms of long-term mortality, adverse events, and thromboembolic events. From a total of 2,314 patients with severe sepsis (placebo: n = 1,157; antithrombin: n = 1,157) 1,616 patients (placebo: 811, antithrombin: 805) received heparin concomitantly with study drug (antithrombin 30,000 IU) over four days, whereas 698 patients (346 and 352, respectively) did not. In patients with no concomitant heparin, 28-day mortality was lower with antithrombin than with placebo (37.8% vs. 43.6%; absolute reduction: 5.8%; risk ratio: 0.860 [0.725-1.019]), which increased until day-90 (44.9% vs. 52.5%; absolute reduction: 7.6%; risk ratio: 0.851 [0.735-0.987]). In patients with concomitant heparin, no effect of antithrombin on mortality was seen (28-day mortality: 39.4% vs. 36.6%; absolute increase: 2.8%; risk ratio: 1.08 [0.96-1.22]). Frequency of use of concomitant heparin increased during conduct of the study. Increased bleeding incidences were reported with antithrombin plus concomitant heparin as compared to antithrombin alone. Rates of thromboembolic events were similar when antithrombin was given with or without concomitant heparin. In the treatment of severe sepsis, high-dose antithrombin may sufficiently protect against development of venous thromboembolism when no concomitant heparin is given. Combined administration of the two increases bleeding risk and probably abolishes efficacy of antithrombin.
Modeling cell-death patterning during biofilm formation (2013)

Self-organization by bacterial cells often leads to the formation of a highly complex spatially-structured biofilm. In such a bacterial biofilm, cells adhere to each other and are embedded in a self-produced extracellular matrix (ECM). Bacillus substilis bacteria utilize localized cell-death patterns which focuses mechanical forces to form wrinkled sheet-like structures in three dimensions. A most intriguing feature underlying this biofilm formation is that vertical buckling and ridge location is biased to occur in region of high cell-death. Here we present a spatially extended model to investigate the role of the bacterial secreted ECM during the biofilm formation and the self-organization of cell-death. Using this reaction-diffusion model we show that the interaction between the cell's motion and the ECM concentration gives rise to a self-trapping instability, leading to variety of cell-death patterns. The resultant spot patterns generated by our model are shown to be in semi-quantitative agreement with recent experimental observation.
A stochastic method for convective storm identification, tracking and nowcasting (2008)

The convective storm identification, tracking and nowcasting method is one of the important nowcasting methodologies against severe convective weather. In severe convective cases, such as storm shape or rapid velocity changes, existing methods are apt to provide unsatisfied storm identification, tracking and nowcasting results. To overcome these difficulties, this paper proposes a novel approach to identify, track and short-term forecast (nowcast) of convective storms. A mathematical morphology-based storm identification method is adopted which can identify storm cells accurately in a cluster of storms. As for the difficult tracking problem, sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) method is utilized to simplify the tracking process. It is not only inherently suitable for handling complicated splits and mergers, but also capable of handling the case of storm-missing detection. In order to provide more accurate forecast of a storm position, this method takes the advantages of the cross-correlation method. The qualitative and quantitative evaluations show the efficiency and robustness of the proposed approach.
Clinicopathological and prognostic value of transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (TACC3) expression in soft tissue sarcomas (2017)

Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (TACC3), a microtubule regulator, is associated with various cancers. However, the relationship between TACC3 and soft tissue sarcomas (STS) remains unclear. We investigated the expression of TACC3 in 136 STS patient samples using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and the statistical associations between TACC3 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated. Additionally, the expression levels of the tumor suppressor p53 and of the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 were also assessed by IHC. High TACC3 expression was detected in 94/136 of STS cases (69.1%), and significantly correlated with higher grade according to the French Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer system (P<0.0001), poorer tumor differentiation (P<0.0001), increased mitotic counts (P<0.0001), advanced stage per American Joint Committee on Cancer guidelines (P<0.0001), higher p53 expression (P = 0.0487), higher Ki-67 expression (P<0.0001), and undergoing postoperative therapy (P = 0.0001). Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with high TACC3 expression were significantly shorter (P<0.0001 and P<0.0001, respectively). On multivariate analyses, high TACC3 expression was an independent negative prognostic factor for both DFS and OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.074; P = 0.0235 and HR: 8.521; P = 0.0415, respectively). Our results suggest that TACC3 is an independent prognostic factor and may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of STS.
Inline perfusion mapping provides insights into the disease mechanism in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (2019)

Microvascular dysfunction is common in HCM and associated with hypertrophy and LGE. Perfusion can fall during vasodilator stress and is abnormal even in apparently normal myocardium suggesting it may be an early disease marker.
Formulation and Properties of ADN/GAP Propellants (2009)

Abstract In this contribution two ways are described, how it is possible to achieve perfectly cured and processible propellants with prilled ADN, low amounts of HMX 5 μm mps and a binder system based on GAP diole and GAP triole oligomers with and without TMETN as a nitrate ester plasticizer. It was shown how it will be possible to suppress the strongly gas forming reaction between ADN and reactive isocyanates by a mixture of stabilizers. In this way it was possible to create minimum smoke ADN/HMX/GAP/TMETN propellants cured with the triisocyanate N100. In the second part an unconventional binder system based on the 1.3 dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azido groups with acetylene compounds forming 1,2,3‐triazole heterocyclic rings has been applied for ADN/GAP and AP/GAP propellants. Together with small parts of HMX formulations with ADN/HMX/GAP and the corresponding AP/HMX/GAP exhibit high thermodynamic performance, are easily processible, and cure successfully at 60 °C. Their basic properties consisting of burning behavior and mechanical properties, at ambient temperature, chemical stability, and sensitivity have been investigated and are compared to each other.
HEAT SHOCK ATTENUATES LPS-INDUCED TNF PRODUCTION VIA MKP-1 MEDIATED INHIBITION OF NUCLEAR P38 AND ERK ACTIVATION (2002)

SOCIETY OF CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE 32ND CRITICAL CARE CONGRESS SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS, USA JANUARY 28-FEBRUARY 2, 2003: ORAL/SANDWICH PRESENTATIONS: Oral Presentation: Sepsis: PDF Only
Tunable VCSELs (2002)

We review basic principle and recent advances in wavelength engineering of VCSEL and discuss how the VCSEL structure has been used to effectively control the laser emission. We discuss the design, fabrication, performance and applications of wavelength tunable VCSELs using MEMS.
Abstract 9887: Metformin Improves Metabolic, Functional, and Structural Abnormalities in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Hearts (2019)

Introduction: In a chronic hypertension model [spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)], we observed profound myocardial metabolic changes during early hypertension, before or concomitant with cardia...