gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aptamer base: a collaborative knowledge base to describe aptamers and SELEX experiments (2012)

Over the past several decades, rapid developments in both molecular and information technology have collectively increased our ability to understand molecular recognition. One emerging area of interest in molecular recognition research includes the isolation of aptamers. Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acid or amino acid polymers that recognize and bind to targets with high affinity and selectivity. While research has focused on collecting aptamers and their interactions, most of the information regarding experimental methods remains in the unstructured and textual format of peer reviewed publications. To address this, we present the Aptamer Base, a database that provides detailed, structured information about the experimental conditions under which aptamers were selected and their binding affinity quantified. The open collaborative nature of the Aptamer Base provides the community with a unique resource that can be updated and curated in a decentralized manner, thereby accommodating the ever evolving field of aptamer research. DATABASE URL: http://aptamer.freebase.com.
Enhancement of Uridine Uptake in the Kidney Papilla by Urea (1974)

SummaryThe urea concentration in the kidney papilla is normally 175 times higher than that in the kidney cortex and the rest of the body. The effect of the high urea concentration on the uptake of uridine was investigated in the rat kidney papilla and cortex. High concentrations of urea (540 mM) were found to increase [14C]uridine uptake into papillary but not into cortical slices. Thus the urea concentration plays a role in regulating uridine uptake in the kidney papilla and may thereby conserve an important substrate for RNA synthesis and intermediary metabolism.This work was supported in part by Public Health Service Grants AM-11793, AM-5209, AM-13058, MH-16076, 57-164, and NIAMDD Special Fellowship AM-52183 to F.G.T., and by American Cancer Society Grant IN97A.
OFDM System Identification for Cognitive Radio Based on Pilot-Induced Cyclostationarity (2009)

International audience
Butadiene Polymers and Polyisoprene - Prepared By Alfin and Emulsion Processes (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTButadiene Polymers and Polyisoprene - Prepared By Alfin and Emulsion ProcessesJ. D. D'Ianni, F. J. Naples, and J. E. FieldCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1950, 42, 1, 95–102Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50481a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50481a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Effects of stunning and decapitation on broiler activity during bleeding, blood loss, carcass, and breast meat quality (2003)

Four experiments were conducted to determine the effects of electrical stunning and decapitation on bird activity as well as carcass and meat quality. In Experiment 1, broilers were subjected to one of four stunning and killing methods: no stun and neck cut, stun and neck cut, no stun and decapitation, and stun and decapitation. Birds were scored for severity of physical activity on a scale of 1 to 4 with 1 being no activity and 4 being severe wing flapping and muscular contractions. Carcasses were also scored for red wing tips and broken bones. In Experiments 2 to 4, all birds were stunned prior to neck cut or decapitation. Carcasses were scored as described in Experiment 1 as well as measurements of blood loss, feather removal, and breast meat pH, color, cook loss, and tenderness. Based on carcass activity in Experiment 1, decapitation following stunning was similar to a conventional stun and unilateral neck cut, except there was almost no late activity (after 60 s) observed in the decapitated birds. Decapitation following stunning did not result in any consistent carcass quality defects compared to conventional killing in the four experiments. No differences were found in 24-h lightness values, yellowness, cook yield, tenderness, and ultimate pH between conventionally killed and decapitated birds. Blood loss and breast meat redness were inconsistent. These results indicate that high frequency stunning and decapitation may be an acceptable alternative to conventional slaughter based on carcass and meat quality and by ensuring an irreversible loss of consciousness.
Basic study of heat flow in fusion welding. Progress report (1982)

The purpose of this investigation is the development of an improved fundamental understanding of heat flow and fluid flow phenomena in welding operations. The principal motivation for this work is provided by the fact that welding and joining is a key unit operation in the construction of energy processing facilities. A better fundamental understanding of the heat and fluid flow phenomena and their role on the structure of the weldments produced is likely to lead to both the optimization of existing welding operations and to the development of novel dwelling and joining processes.
Reconfigurable Antenna With Elevation and Azimuth Beam Switching (2010)

A reconfigurable microstrip antenna is proposed for low-cost adaptive beam-switching applications. A small patch-slot ring structure is used as the radiating element where an asymmetrical arrangement of p-i-n diodes is employed to switch the pattern in four directions. The antenna provides pattern switching of 65° and 45° in its fundamental mode for the elevation and azimuth planes, respectively. By maintaining the resonant frequency and beamwidth as relatively constant, beam switching is realized using a single feed point.
Glenohumeral Translations are Only Partially Restored after Repair of a Simulated Type II Superior Labral Lesion (2003)

Surgical techniques including improved repair of passive stabilizers injured in the type II lesion should be considered.
Thermal Shock Testing and Analysis of IN617 and Super 304H Samples (2007)

The DOE/OCDO sponsored Ultrasupercritical (USC) Steam Boiler Consortium is conducting thermal shock tests on austenitic and nickel-based materials to assess their use in thick-section boiler components. This paper describes the tests on CCA617 (a controlled chemistry version of IN617) and Super 304H thick-walled tubes. Details are given of the metallurgical analyses of the observed cracking in the bore and on the OD of the samples, and of the thermal-mechanical analyses to explain the results. Elastic-plastic and elastic-plastic-creep analyses are used to calculate damage based on rupture life and creep strain accumulation. Fatigue calculations are performed. The results of the metallurgical and mechanical analyses are compared and conclusions drawn as to the accuracy and effectiveness of available high temperature life prediction techniques.
Spin Density Functional Approach to the Chemistry of Transition Metal Clusters (1989)

In this contribution we review the accuracy and computational efficiency of the local spin density functional (LSDF) approach using linear combinations of Gaussian-type orbitals (LCGTO) for the calculation of the electronic structures, ground-state geometries, and vibrational properties of transition metal compounds and clusters. Specifically this is demonstrated for (1) bis(π-allyl) nickel where this approach gives an excellent qualitative and quantitative interpretation of the observed photoemission spectrum; (2) chemisorption of C atoms on a Ni(100) surface, where the present computational approach determines the adsorption site of C as the four fold-hollow position above the surface with a calculated C-Ni bond length of 1.79 Å (exp.: 1.75 ± 0.05 Å) and a vibrational frequency of 407 cm-1, (exp.: 410 cm -1); (3) vibrational frequencies of CO on Pd: the calculations reveal that inclusion of surface/sub-surface Pd-Pd motions couple significantly to the CO-Pd vibration leading to a reduction of the vibrational frequency by about 20% compared with a rigid substrate model. Inclusion of an external electrical field shows a stiffening of the C-O vibration with increased positive potential of the electrode; and (4) the electronic structure of Zn clusters where it is found that properties such as the first (s-electron) ionization potential converge rather slowly towards the value of the extended system requiring at least 20 transition metal atoms for an accurate description of the surface electronic structure. It is demonstrated that the computation of three-index two-electron integrals can be achieved with a highly efficient vector/parallel algorithm based on recursive integral formulas recently published by Obara and Saika. Furthermore, we present the theoretical framework for LCGTO-LSDF gradient calculations.
<title>Multiple quantum well (MQW) spatial light modulators (SLMs) for optical data processing and beam steering</title> (2001)

Resonant cavity Fabry-Perot structures with embedded multiple quantum well layers are used to create spatial light modulators for a number of signal processing and optical beam steering applications. A review of the SLM development including modulator design considerations, our general approach to modulator-driver integration, and array formats previously demonstrated, will be presented (linear arrays up to 2048X1 and two-dimensional arrays up to 256x256). Optical transitions in MQW structures are inherently fast ($GTR$GTRns switching times) so that SLMs based on these structures can exhibit high frame rates. The optical modulator is based on a p-i-n device design operated in a reverse bias mode. The speed of the array depends primarily on the speed of the drive electronics (based on the available CMOS or other electronic drivers), the impedance of the individual modulator device, and the scheme used to bring data into the hybrid modulator/driver module. The current drivers are based on mixed signal designs that use 0.5 square m high-voltage CMOS technology and a 50-MHz data rate. Several examples of the use of the modulators will be given, including the application of the SLMs to hyperspectral data processing and optical beam steering.
Toward a Practical Solar-Driven CO2 Flow Cell Electrolyzer: Design and Optimization (2017)

A first-of-its-kind solar CO2 flow cell electrolyzer is reported here with a solar-to-fuel efficiency (SFE) of 6.5% at high operating currents (>1 A), orders of magnitude greater than those of other reported solar-driven devices that typically operate at currents of a few milliamperes. The approach of solar module-driven electrolysis, compared to monolithic photoelectrochemical cells, allows simpler manufacture, use of commercially available components, and optimization of the power transfer between the photovoltaic and the electrochemical systems. Employing commercial high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells with a large area flow cell CO2 electrolyzer (25 cm2), we present a procedure for optimizing the SFE of a decoupled photovoltaic electrolyzer by impedance matching the source and the load using their independent current–voltage characteristics. The importance of the voltage-dependent Faradaic efficiency of the electrolyzer on device performance and optimization is highlighted.
Total Chemical Synthesis of the Enzyme Sortase AΔN59 with Full Catalytic Activity (2014)

Abstract The enzyme sortase A is a ligase which catalyzes transpeptidation reactions. 1 , 2 Surface proteins, including virulence factors, that have a C terminal recognition sequence are attached to Gly 5 on the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls by sortase A. 1 The enzyme is an important anti‐virulence and anti‐infective drug target for resistant strains of Gram‐positive bacteria. 2 In addition, because sortase A enables the splicing of polypeptide chains, the transpeptidation reaction catalyzed by sortase A is a potentially valuable tool for protein science. 3 Here we describe the total chemical synthesis of enzymatically active sortase A. The target 148 residue polypeptide chain of sortase A ΔN59 was synthesized by the convergent chemical ligation of four unprotected synthetic peptide segments. The folded protein molecule was isolated by size‐exclusion chromatography and had full enzymatic activity in a transpeptidation assay. Total synthesis of sortase A will enable more sophisticated engineering of this important enzyme molecule.
Mixing-layer height retrieval with ceilometer and Doppler lidar: from case studies to long-term assessment (2014)

Abstract. Aerosol signatures observed by ceilometers are frequently used to derive mixing-layer height (MLH) which is an essential variable for air quality modelling. However, Doppler wind lidar measurements of vertical velocity can provide a more direct estimation of MLH via simple thresholding. A case study reveals difficulties in the aerosol-based MLH retrieval during transition times when the mixing layer builds up in the morning and when turbulence decays in the afternoon. The difficulties can be explained by the fact that the aerosol distribution is related to the history of the mixing process and aerosol characteristics are modified by humidification. The results of the case study are generalized by evaluating one year of joint measurements by a Vaisala CT25K and a HALO Photonics Streamline wind lidar. On average the aerosol-based retrieval gives higher MLH than the wind lidar with an overestimation of MLH by about 300 m (600 m) in the morning (late afternoon). Also, the daily aerosol-based maximum MLH is larger and occurs later during the day and the average morning growth rates are smaller than those derived from the vertical wind. In fair weather conditions classified by less than 4 octa cloud cover the mean diurnal cycle of cloud base height corresponds well to the mixing-layer height showing potential for a simplified MLH estimation.
Trzepotanie przedsionków typu I u chorej z niewydolnością węzła zatokowego i ośrodków zastępczych oraz sprawnym przewodzeniem wstecznym - problemy terapeutyczne (2000)

U 54-letniej chorej wspolistnienie glebokich zaburzen automatyzmu serca z nawracającym trzepotaniem przedsionkow (od 44 rz.) wywolywalo napady kolatania serca oraz epizody utraty przytomności, spowodowane zatrzymaniem czynności elektrycznej serca. Wszczepienie stymulatora typu VVI (w 49 rz.) zapobieglo napadom zespolu MAS. Leczenie farmakologiczne, w tym skojarzone, nie zapobieglo utrwaleniu sie trzepotania przedsionkow. Sprawne przewodzenie przedsionkowo-komorowe stwarzalo warunki dla uporczywego kolatania serca. Podjeto probe leczenia metodą ablacji prądem wysokiej czestotliwości podloza trzepotania przedsionkow. Objawy zespolu stymulatorowego ustąpily po zmianie typu stymulacji z VVI na DDD. Zaprzestano leczenia antyarytmicznego. W czasie 3-letniej obserwacji trzepotanie nie nawrocilo.
Co-present photo sharing on mobile devices (2007)

The paper reports a mobile application that allows users to share photos with other co-present users by synchronizing the display on multiple mobile devices. Various floor control policies (software locks that determine when someone can control the displays) were implemented. The behaviour of groups of users was studied to determine how people would use this application for sharing photos and how various floor control policies affect this behaviour. Explicit policies was shown to be the best strategy for structured presentations, but when all locks were removed, the users created a new form of social interaction which seemed to be a more compelling use of the technology than the original, intended, application.
Combination Therapy of Lactobacillus plantarum Supernatant and 5-Fluouracil Increases Chemosensitivity in Colorectal Cancer Cells (2016)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. Although 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is the representative chemotherapy drug for colorectal cancer, it has therapeutic limits due to its chemoresistant characteristics. Colorectal cancer cells can develop into cancer stem cells (CSCs) with self-renewal potential, thereby causing malignant tumors. The human gastrointestinal tract contains a complex gut microbiota that is essential for the host's homeostasis. Recently, many studies have reported correlations between gut flora and the onset, progression, and treatment of CRC. The present study confirms that the most representative symbiotic bacteria in humans, Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) supernatant (SN), selectively inhibit the characteristics of 5-FU-resistant colorectal cancer cells (HT-29 and HCT- 116). LP SN inhibited the expression of the specific markers CD44, 133, 166, and ALDH1 of CSCs. The combination therapy of LP SN and 5-FU inhibited the survival of CRCs and led to cell death by inducing caspase-3 activity. The combination therapy of LP SN and 5-FU induced an anticancer mechanism by inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling of chemoresistant CRC cells, and reducing the formation and size of colonospheres. In conclusion, our results show that LP SN can enhance the therapeutic effect of 5-FU for colon cancer, and reduce colorectal cancer stem-like cells by reversing the development of resistance to anticancer drugs. This implies that probiotic substances may be useful therapeutic alternatives as biotherapeutics for chemoresistant CRC.
Oncogenic role of a developmentally regulated NTRK2 splice variant (2022)

Abstract Temporally-regulated alternative splicing choices are vital for proper development yet the wrong splice choice may be detrimental. Here we highlight a novel role for the neurotrophin receptor splice variant TrkB.T1 in neurodevelopment, embryogenesis, transformation, and oncogenesis across multiple tumor types in both humans and mice. TrkB.T1 is the predominant NTRK2 isoform across embryonic organogenesis and forced over-expression of this embryonic pattern causes multiple solid and nonsolid tumors in mice in the context of tumor suppressor loss. TrkB.T1 also emerges the predominant NTRK isoform expressed in a wide range of adult and pediatric tumors, including those harboring TRK fusions. Affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS) proteomic analysis reveals TrkB.T1 has distinct interactors with known developmental and oncogenic signaling pathways such as Wnt, TGF-ß, Hedgehog, and Ras. From alterations in splicing factors to changes in gene expression, the discovery of isoform specific oncogenes with embryonic ancestry has the potential to shape the way we think about developmental systems and oncology.
Human TLRs 10 and 1 Share Common Mechanisms of Innate Immune Sensing but Not Signaling (2010)

TLRs are central receptors of the innate immune system that drive host inflammation and adaptive immune responses in response to invading microbes. Among human TLRs, TLR10 is the only family member without a defined agonist or function. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that TLR10 is most related to TLR1 and TLR6, both of which mediate immune responses to a variety of microbial and fungal components in cooperation with TLR2. The generation and analysis of chimeric receptors containing the extracellular recognition domain of TLR10 and the intracellular signaling domain of TLR1, revealed that TLR10 senses triacylated lipopeptides and a wide variety of other microbial-derived agonists shared by TLR1, but not TLR6. TLR10 requires TLR2 for innate immune recognition, and these receptors colocalize in the phagosome and physically interact in an agonist-dependent fashion. Computational modeling and mutational analysis of TLR10 showed preservation of the essential TLR2 dimer interface and lipopeptide-binding channel found in TLR1. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments indicate that, similar to TLR2/1, TLR2/10 complexes recruit the proximal adaptor MyD88 to the activated receptor complex. However, TLR10, alone or in cooperation with TLR2, fails to activate typical TLR-induced signaling, including NF-kappaB-, IL-8-, or IFN-beta-driven reporters. We conclude that human TLR10 cooperates with TLR2 in the sensing of microbes and fungi but possesses a signaling function distinct from that of other TLR2 subfamily members.
Colloid Science in Supercritical Water (2016)

気／液臨界点（臨界温度：374℃，臨界圧力：22.1 MPa）近傍では，水は常温・常圧下とは著しく異なる性質を示す。例えば，常温・常圧下では80前後の水の比誘電率は，400℃，25 MPaでは2と，炭化水素に匹敵する値にまで低下する。その結果，水と炭化水素は自由に相溶するようになり，逆に無機塩の溶解度は著しく減少するまで低下する。そのような極限環境では，コロイド粒子の分散安定性も大きく異なってくる。本稿では，高温・高圧下でのコロイド分散液の振る舞いに関する研究結果を紹介する。加えて，臨界点（臨界温度：241℃，臨界圧力：6.1 MPa）近傍の超臨界エタノール中で，シリカ表面間に現れる超長距離の斥力相互作用に関する最新の研究成果もあわせて紹介する。
Self-addressable memory-based FSM: a scalable intrusion detection engine (2009)

One way to detect and thwart a network attack is to compare each incoming packet with predefined patterns, also called an attack pattern database, and raise an alert upon detecting a match. This article presents a novel pattern-matching engine that exploits a memory-based, programmable state machine to achieve deterministic processing rates that are independent of packet and pattern characteristics. Our engine is a self-addressable memory-based finite state machine (SAMFSM), whose current state coding exhibits all its possible next states. Moreover, it is fully reconfigurable in that new attack patterns can be updated easily. A methodology was developed to program the memory and logic. Specifically, we merge "non-equivalent" states by introducing "super characters" on their inputs to further enhance memory efficiency without adding labels. SAM-FSM is one of the most storage-efficient machines and reduces the memory requirement by 60 times. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the validity of SAM-FSM.
Learning Mesh Representations via Binary Space Partitioning Tree Networks (2021)

Polygonal meshes are ubiquitous, but have only played a relatively minor role in the deep learning revolution. State-of-the-art neural generative models for 3D shapes learn implicit functions and generate meshes via expensive iso-surfacing. We overcome these challenges by employing a classical spatial data structure from computer graphics, Binary Space Partitioning (BSP), to facilitate 3D learning. The core operation of BSP involves recursive subdivision of 3D space to obtain convex sets. By exploiting this property, we devise BSP-Net, a network that learns to represent a 3D shape via convex decomposition without supervision. The network is trained to reconstruct a shape using a set of convexes obtained from a BSP-tree built over a set of planes, where the planes and convexes are both defined by learned network weights. BSP-Net directly outputs polygonal meshes from the inferred convexes. The generated meshes are watertight, compact (i.e., low-poly), and well suited to represent sharp geometry. We show that the reconstruction quality by BSP-Net is competitive with those from state-of-the-art methods while using much fewer primitives.We also explore variations to BSP-Net including using a more generic decoder for reconstruction, more general primitives than planes, as well as training a generative model with variational auto-encoders.