gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro effects of radiation on human retinoblastoma cells (2001)

Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most common intraocular tumor of childhood and has been demonstrated clinically to be very sensitive to external beam radiation (EBR). The purpose of this study was to determine the survival of Rb cell lines at different endpoints following irradiation. We also studied Rb-reconstituted cell lines postirradiation to gain insight into the role of Rb following DNA damage. Suspension cultures were exposed to single doses of 1, 2, 5, and 10 Gy. Following irradiation, cell viability and cell death was assessed for up to 72 hr using Trypan blue exclusion and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining, respectively. Morphological features were examined with light and electron microscopy (LM and EM). Clonogenic survival was assessed 2 weeks postirradiation. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. A time- and dose-dependent decrease in cell viability was induced in Y79 and WERI-Rb1 cells following irradiation, although not below approximately 45% for the times and doses used. A similar but much-reduced effect on viability was observed in Rb-reconstituted cells. AO/EB staining, LM, and EM revealed features characteristic of apoptosis following irradiation and a time- and dose-dependent increase in apoptosis was observed. For Y79 and WERI-Rb1 cells, 30-40% apoptosis was observed 72 hr after 10 Gy irradiation; however, apoptosis was much reduced in Rb-reconstituted cells (approximately 8% Y79LxRb28; approximately 18% WERILxRb8). Rb cell lines were extremely sensitive to radiation, although less so in Rb-reconstituted lines, with clonogenic survivals after 2 Gy (SF2) of 0.14 for Y79, 0.06 for WERI-Rb1, 0.36 for Y79LxRb28, and 0.19 for WERILxRb8. Postirradiation, a sub-G1 population was observed, consistent with radiation-induced apoptosis, and Rb-reconstituted cells displayed a prolonged G2 phase. The clonogenic survival parameters of Rb cell lines are consistent with clinical observations, where extreme sensitivity to irradiation has been reported. Additionally, Rb protein protected cells from DNA damage and may also play a role in radiation-induced G2 delay. This in vitro approach provides a useful model for further radiobiological studies of Rb.
FROM DESIGN RESEARCH TO RESEARCH DESIGN - TRANSFER OF DESIGN THEORY TO NATURAL SCIENCE (2012)

Researchers in natural science must create new knowledge in ever more specialized disciplines and at the same time indicate the economic and scientific value of their work. In this article we summarise past work regarding creativity and method application
High-Dose Ziprasidone Monotherapy in Bipolar I Disorder Patients With Depressed or Mixed Episodes (2008)

Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 28(2):p 240-241, April 2008. | DOI: 10.1097/JCP.0b013e31816745de
The cellular and molecular biology of skin aging (1994)

<h3>Background:</h3> The dramatic alterations in the appearance of the integument with increasing age are due in part to a progressive destruction of the delicate architecture of the connective tissue components of the dermis. Both collagenous and elastic components display a degeneration consistent with the overexpression of proteolytic activity. Recent advances in the field of molecular gerontology, using in vitro models of cellular aging, are yielding clues as to the fundamental causes of dermal aging. <h3>Observations:</h3> Dermal fibroblasts possess a finite replicative capacity of 50 to 100 doublings, then cease replicating in response to growth factors. Cells cultivated to the end of their replicative lifespan in vitro display alterations consistent with their playing a role in aging in vivo. In particular, senescent dermal fibroblasts overexpress metalloproteinase activities that may explain the age-related atrophy of extracellular matrix architecture. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> The recent discovery of a structural change in the telomeric region of the genome with cellular aging and new insights into DNA damage checkpoint mechanisms offer new opportunities to uncover both the molecular mechanisms regulating cellular aging and possibly to devise new strategies to manipulate these molecular events for therapeutic effect. (Arch Dermatol. 1994;130:87-95)
Synthesis of some new 4-Heteroaryl substituted 3-cyano coumarins starting from 3-formylchromones (2004)

Article Synthesis of some new 4-Heteroaryl substituted 3-cyano coumarins starting from 3-formylchromones was published on October 1, 2004 in the journal Heterocyclic Communications (volume 10, issue 4-5).
Dynamic range compression based on illumination compensation (2001)

This paper presents a new approach for effectively compressing the dynamic range of a visual scene while preserving the local contrast in order to reproduce a high quality image on devices with limited dynamic range. In this method, dynamic range compression is performed through a reduction of the illumination effect, by taking into account the characteristics of the human visual system. To precisely extract the illumination component within a reasonable complexity, a multi-scale nonlinear filtering scheme, referred to here as nonlinear multi-scale retinex (NMR), was developed.
CAN AN ENERGY-COMPENSATED SOLID-STATE X-RAY DETECTOR BE USED FOR RADIATION PROTECTION APPLICATIONS AT HIGHER PHOTON ENERGIES? (2015)

The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of a solid-state detector commonly available at hospitals for parallel use as a real-time personal radiation monitor following radiation emergency situations. A solid-state detector probe with an inherent filtration (R100, RTI Electronics AB, Mölndal, Sweden) was chosen for evaluation. The energy dependence and the linearity in signal response with kerma in air were examined, and the detector was exposed to both X-ray beams using a conventional X-ray unit with effective photon energies ranging between 28.5 and 48.9 keV and to gamma rays 1.17 and 1.33 MeV from (60)Co. The R100 exhibited ∼1.7 times over-response at the lowest X-ray energy relative to the (60)Co source. The detector demonstrated a linear response (R(2) = 1) when irradiated with (60)Co to air kerma values in the range of 20-200 mGy. The conclusion is that high-energy photons such as those from (60)Co can be detected by the R100 with an energy response within a factor of <2 over the energy range examined and that the detector can provide real-time dose measurements following nuclear or radiological events.
An Interactive Microcomputer Program for One-Dimensional Solute Transport in Saturated Soil-Water Systems (1989)

This paper presents a user-friendly microcomputer program for one-dimensional solute transport in saturated soil-water systems. Eight different types of adsorption isotherms, ranging from linear to non-linear, equilibrium to non-equilibrium, and single to multiple components, are modelled.
Secretion from submucosal salivary glands of the ferret in response to a cholinesterase inhibitor applied onto the oral mucosa (2002)

Parasympathomimetics or cholinesterase inhibitors taken orally may relieve dry-mouth symptoms, but this route of administration is often associated with adverse systemic reactions. In the present study, an animal model was worked out aimed at stimulating the submucosal glands and avoiding systemic effects. In the anesthetized ferret, saliva from the parotid, sublingual and submandibular glands was prevented from reaching the mouth. Vehicle or physostigmine was applied topically for 10 min on the buccal and labial mucosa on one side, while the other side served as a control. Fluid from each side was collected every 5 min Mean basal secretion was 0.17 mg 5 min(-1). The response to physostigmine 0.1% did not exceed that of the vehicle. At higher concentrations the responses lasted 80-120 min. Peak secretion was nine (0.25% physostigmine), 13 (0.5% physostigmine) and 40 (1% physostigmine) times higher than baseline. At 1% physostigmine, the secretion from the control side was elevated, and a small flow from the duct-cannulated parotid gland occurred, indicating systemic effects. Arterial blood pressure was well maintained. Additional observations on the duct-cannulated zygomatic gland showed that secretion from this gland increased already within the 10-min period of application of physostigmine to the overlying mucosa. The distance between the mucosa and the zygomatic gland was only about 1 mm. Physostigmine-induced secretion was abolished by atropine. Local gland stimulation may be an attractive alternative for the treatment of dry mouth.
Millimeter wave high gain antenna based on gap waveguide technology (2017)

In this work, we present wideband gap waveguide planar array antenna for millimeter wave point to point backhauling systems. The proposed antenna is designed using ridge gap waveguide technology and the design is based on the cavity-backed slots as the core radiating elements. There exists a coupling slot in the cavity layer which allows the excitation of the radiating slot elements using ridge gap waveguide feeding section. The designed antennas have 8×8 or 16×16 radiating slot elements and the antenna operate over 15% relative bandwidth from 56-67GHz frequency range with -11 dB reflection coefficient. The measured gain for the slot arrays are within the range from 27 dBi-33dBi at the center of the band.
600 C Logic Gates Using Silicon Carbide JFET's (2000)

Complex electronics and sensors are increasingly being relied on to enhance the capabilities and efficiency of modernjet aircraft. Some of these electronics and sensors monitor and control vital engine components and aerosurfaces that operate at high temperatures above 300 C. However, since today's silicon-based electronics technology cannot function at such high temperatures, these electronics must reside in environmentally controlled areas. This necessitates either the use of long wire runs between sheltered electronics and hot-area sensors and controls, or the fuel cooling of electronics and sensors located in high-temperature areas. Both of these low-temperature-electronics approaches suffer from serious drawbacks in terms of increased weight, decreased fuel efficiency, and reduction of aircraft reliability. A family of high-temperature electronics and sensors that could function in hot areas would enable substantial aircraft performance gains. Especially since, in the future, some turbine-engine electronics may need to function at temperatures as high as 600 C. This paper reports the fabrication and demonstration of the first semiconductor digital logic gates ever to function at 600 C. Key obstacles blocking the realization of useful 600 C turbine engine integrated sensor and control electronics are outlined.
Antioxidant Activity of Quercetin against Metmyoglobin-induced Oxidation of Fish Oil-bile Salt Emulsion (1997)

The antioxidative effect of quercetin was examined in metmyoglobin-induced oxidation of a fish oil-bile salt emulsion (average diameter of particles; 2.0 μm) to evaluate its effectiveness during the digestion of highly oxidizabile oils. The activity of quercetin increased with the lowering of the initial peroxide value (PV) of the oil and its effectiveness was superior to that of α-tocopherol. A synergistic antioxidant effect was observed upon the addition of quercetin and α-tocopherol irrespective of the initial PV of the oils, and quercetin was consumed faster than α-tocopherol. The loss of quercetin was larger than that of α-tocopherol when cumene hydroperoxide and metmyoglobin were mixed in a trimyristin-bile salt emulsion. In an ultrafiltration experiment on emulsified oil with a membrane filter of 100 nm pore size, the recovery of quercetin in the filtrate was higher than that of α-tocopherol. These data suggest that quercetin was an antioxidant in the digestion of fish oil. The effectiveness seems to come from its distribution in the emulsified oil, different from that of α-tocopherol, and its ability to scavenge radicals generated from the reaction of lipid hydroperoxides with metmyoglobin.
Bifunctional Organocatalysts for the Asymmetric Addition of Malonate to Nitroalkenes (2005)

A new class of highly active and selective (thio)urea-substituted cinchona-alkaloid-based catalysts for the Michael addition of malo­nate to nitroalkenes is presented. The power of these catalysts is due to their bifunctionality: the quinuclidine ring generates the deprotonated ma­lonate nucleophile, whereas the (thio)urea moiety activates the nitroolefin electrophile through hydrogen-bonding interactions. Using the catalyst 9-epi-DHQT (see scheme) at low catalyst loading (only 0.5-5 mol%), the addition of malonate to a single face of the (thio)urea-bound nitroalkene provides Michael products in high yields and enantioselectivities. This organocatalytic reaction works well with both activated and unactivated nitroolefins.
A Mutation in the RNF170 Gene Causes Autosomal Dominant Sensory Ataxia (P05.014) (2012)

Objective: Identify the gene defect caused by a new disease entity called autosomal dominant sensory ataxia. Background Autosomal dominant sensory ataxia is a rare genetic condition that results in a progressive ataxia that is caused by degeneration of the posterior columns of the spinal cord. To date only two families have been clinically ascertained with this condition, both from Maritime Canada. Design/Methods: We previously mapped both families to chromosome 8p12-8q12 and have now screened the majority of annotated protein-coding genes in the shared haplotype region by direct DNA sequencing. Results: We have identified a putative pathogenic mutation in the gene encoding ring-finger protein RNF170, a potential ubiquitin ligase. This mutation is a rare non-synonymous change in a well-conserved residue and is predicted to be pathogenic by SIFT, PolyPhen, PANTHER and Align-GVD. Microinjection of wild-type or mutant orthologous messenger RNAs into zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos confirmed that the mutation dominantly disrupts normal embryonic development. Conclusions: Together these results suggest that the mutation in RNF170 is causal for the sensory ataxia in these families. Supported by: Canadian Institutes of Health Research (to P.N.V., V.V.B., I.T., N.D. and G.A.R.); Genome Atlantic; Genome Canada; the Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation; the Nova Scotia Research and Innovation Trust; the Capital Health Research Foundation; the IWK Health Centre Foundation (to M.E.S.). Disclosure: Dr. Dupre has nothing to disclose. Dr. Valdmanis has nothing to disclose. Dr. Stochmanski has nothing to disclose. Dr. Belzil has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dion has nothing to disclose. Dr. Thiffault has nothing to disclose. Dr. Brais has nothing to disclose. Dr. Weston has nothing to disclose. Dr. Saint-Amant has nothing to disclose. Dr. Samuels has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rouleau has nothing to disclose.
Robust keys from physical unclonable functions (2014)

Weak physical unclonable functions (PUFs) can instantiate read-proof hardware tokens (Tuyls et al. 2006, CHES) where benign variation, such as changing temperature, yields a consistent key, but invasive attempts to learn the key destroy it. Previous approaches evaluate security by measuring how much an invasive attack changes the derived key (Pappu et al. 2002, Science). If some attack insufficiently changes the derived key, an expert must redesign the hardware.
Tremor compensation for robotics assisted microsurgery (1992)

This paper presents a novel scheme to suppress the tremors in a surgeon's hand during a micro-surgical operation. This method uses position sensing and feedback technique to compensate for the tremor and allows a surgeon to do all the operations himself while an assist system supports the hand and helps eliminate the effects of tremor on the surgical instrument.
Percutaneous Femoral Derotational Osteotomy for Excessive Femoral Torsion (2014)

Femoral derotational osteotomy is an acceptable treatment for excessive femoral torsion. The described procedure is a minimally invasive single-incision technique based on an intramedullary saw that enables an inside-out osteotomy, preserving the periosteum and biological activity in the local bone and soft tissue. After the osteotomy is complete and correction is achieved, an expandable intramedullary nail is used to achieve immediate stability, without the need for locking screws. Indications, tips, and pitfalls related to this novel osteotomy technique are discussed.
Influence of the welding process on the martenistic high strength steel (2014)

Předmětem teto studie jsou Martenziticke oceli 22Mn5B využivane v automobilovem průmyslu. Hlavnim cilem provedených analýz je studium mechanických rozdilů v tepelně ovlivněne oblasti, v důsledku bodoveho svařovani. Vznik tepelně ovlivněne oblasti je experimentalně simulovan různými způsoby. Cilem teto prace je zjistit optimalni metodiku pro stanoveni meze kluzu a popsat zpevňujici tendence v těchto zonach.
<title>Optimization of a spaceborne sensor for the determination of cloud speed and height with a numerical simulation system</title> (1995)

A simulation system allows analyses of specific sensor configurations. Application areas for such an approach are: (1) design and optimization of optical sensors for specific (well known) applications, (2) sensitivity of different data products to position and calibration errors, (3) test of retrieval algorithms, and (4) mission support. The simulation system consists of mathematical and physical models to simulate the passage of electromagnetic radiation from the source of the emission to the sensor. The key part of this simulation system is a ray tracer interacting with a digital terrain model around an ellipsoid, it also includes sensor opto- electronics and spacecraft orbit calculation. Other parts are the simulation of the planetary atmosphere and the hardware of the sensor with additional retrieving algorithms. The usefulness of the simulation system for the optimization has been shown with a three-line CD sensor for the determination of cloud position and speed. For the simulation system clouds are assumed as a partly transparent, uniformly moving body, modeled by a digital terrain model over the surface. Furthermore a simple radiometric model was implemented: A cloud has a constant transmission, the ground surface and the clouds have constant albedos. The simulation shows that some conditions are mandatory for the determination of cloud speed and height, especially the movement of the sensor has to be an accelerated one. This will be reached though a highly elliptical orbit of the satellite. However, the determination will not be possible near pericentre.
COMPARISION OF PRE- AND POSTOPERATIVE COSMETIC OUTCOME AFTER CORRECTION SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH ADOLESCENT IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS (2011)

Study Design: A prospective study evaluated patients’, orthopaedists’ and not affected children of the same age ratings’ of preoperative and postoperative cosmesis in adolescents undergoing posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis. The cosmetic result based on a questionnaire was compared to clinical and radiological parameters. There was no correlation between the SAQ and objective clinical and radiologic parameters at all, whereas clinical and radiological parameters showed good correlation. We recommend to standardly evaluate the cosmetic outcome as after scoliosis correction surgery. Introduction: Improving cosmesis is an important goal in scoliosis surgery. Patients’ satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome is essential in their evaluation of the surgical result. However, only few efforts were made in the past to investigate the cosmetic outcome. We performed a a prospective study evaluated patients’, orthopaedists’ and not affected children of the same age ratings’ of preoperative and postoperative cosmesis in adolescents undergoing posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis. The cosmetic result based on a standardized questionnaire (SAQ, spinal appearance questionnaire) was compared to clinical and radiological parameters. Patient sample: Preoperative and postoperative photographs were taken from 32 patients (22 female, 10 male, average age 14.6 years) preoperatively and postoperatively in a standardized manner. Materials: The photographs were assessed by use of a modified SAQ. In addition radiological measurements were performed like the cobb angles of the main curves in the coronal and sagittal plane, plumb line deviation, shoulder inequality and pelvic obliquity. The clinical investigation included the measurements of shoulder asymmetry, pelvic obliquity, rip and lumbar hump, plumb line deviation, breast asymmetry and the postoperative evaluation of the scar. Results: The items general appearance, body shape, rib hump, and shoulder inequality of the SAQ improved most (p Conclusion: As shown in our results objective clinical and radiological parameters do not correlate with the evaluation of the cosmetic result. Therefore we recommend to establish the evaluation of the cosmetic outcome as standard investigation after scoliosis correction surgery.
Characterization and modeling of high-voltage field-stop igbts (2003)

The high-voltage field-stop (FS) insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a promising power device for high-power applications thanks to the robust characteristics offered by the FS technology, which combines the inherent advantages offered by punch-through and nonpunch-through structures while overcoming the drawbacks of each structure. In this paper, an electrothermal physics-based model for the FS IGBT is developed. The model contains a detailed description of the FS layer and it is validated using experimental results for a commercial 1200-V/60-A FS IGBT over the entire temperature range specified in the data sheets. The validated model is then used to simulate a 6.5-kV FS IGBT. The simulation results are compared with experimental results published in the literature and good agreement is obtained.
Paired electrocatalytic hydrogenation and oxidation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural for efficient production of biomass-derived monomers (2019)

Electrocatalytic hydrogenation and oxidation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural in one paired electrolyzer produces two biorenewable monomers with a combined electron efficiency of 187%.
The association of VEGF-C expression with tumor lymphatic vessel density and lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumor. (2013)

These results indicate that the expression of VEGF-C is associated with tumor LVD and lymph node metastasis, suggesting that VEGF-C plays a critical role in node metastasis via lymphangiogenesis. The clinical observation that GIST rarely metastasizes to the lymph nodes may depend on the lack of VEGF-C expression.
Single‐Cell Elastography: Probing for Disease with the Atomic Force Microscope (2004)

The atomic force microscope (AFM) is emerging as a powerful tool in cell biology. Originally developed for high-resolution imaging purposes, the AFM also has unique capabilities as a nano-indenter to probe the dynamic viscoelastic material properties of living cells in culture. In particular, AFM elastography combines imaging and indentation modalities to map the spatial distribution of cell mechanical properties, which in turn reflect the structure and function of the underlying cytoskeleton. Such measurements have contributed to our understanding of cell mechanics and cell biology and appear to be sensitive to the presence of disease in individual cells. This chapter provides a background on the principles and practice of AFM elastography and reviews the literature comparing cell mechanics in normal and diseased states, making a case for the use of such measurements as disease markers. Emphasis is placed on the need for more comprehensive and detailed quantification of cell biomechanical properties beyond the current standard methods of analysis. A number of technical and practical hurdles have yet to be overcome before the method can be of clinical use. However, the future holds great promise for AFM elastography of living cells to provide novel biomechanical markers that will enhance the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of disease.