gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A lossless, passive isolator for optically pumped far-infrared lasers (1980)

A lossless, passive technique which isolates the pump and the far-infrared cavities in an optically pumped far-infrared laser system has been applied successfully. The isolator consists of a polarizer and a quarter-wave plate. Pumping is accomplished with a circularly polarized beam, and the resulting circular polarization of the far-infrared output stability without sacrifice of either power or mode quality.
Experimental study: brachial motion artifact reduction in the ECG (2002)

This study focuses on a dual-input adaptive noise reduction technique by investigation of brachial motion artifact in the ECG under a special experimental protocol. The ECG and motion artifact signals are acquired from a three-electrode system. Primary input is obtained from the standard EGG lead II. Because limbs function like fixed resistors in ECG measurement, we obtain EGG-free brachial motion noise between two electrodes located on the arm, near the right biceps muscle. The separation distance of the electrodes is 5 mm to acquire the motion noise signal, and this signal is the auxiliary input for adaptive filtering. The results show that the LMS algorithm has a very slow rate of convergence. Comparatively, an RLS algorithm converges almost immediately once motion artifact appears and performs satisfactorily in reducing even rapidly varying brachial artifact. It also significantly improves the low-frequency baseline drift. Although the RLS algorithm imposes a large computational burden, a 33-MHz PC486 can execute the algorithm, written in C language, in real time. To prevent the ill-conditioning matrix in the RLS algorithm when the noise is very small, we add white noise to the auxiliary input The experiment shows that this approach can significantly improve the condition of the matrix.
MR measurement of pulsatile pressure gradients (1994)

A magnetic resonance (MR) imaging method for evaluating pulsatile pressure gradients in laminar blood flow is presented. The technique is based on an evaluation of fluid shear and inertial forces from cardiac-gated phase-contrast velocity measurements. The technique was experimentally validated by comparing MR and manometer pressure gradient measurements performed in a pulsatile flow phantom. Analyses of random noise propagation and sampling error were performed to determine the precision and accuracy of the method. The results indicate that a precision of 0.01-0.03 mmHg/cm and an accuracy of better than 8% can be achieved by using standard clinical pulse sequences in tubes exceeding 6 mm in diameter. The authors conclude that MR measurement of pressure gradients is feasible and that additional hemodynamic information may be derived from conventional phase-contrast imaging studies.
p70 S6 kinase as a therapeutic target in cancers: More than just an mTOR effector (2022)

p70 S6 kinase (p70<sup>S6K</sup>) is best known for its regulatory roles in protein synthesis and cell growth by phosphorylating its primary substrate, ribosomal protein S6, upon mitogen stimulation. The enhanced expression/activation of p70<sup>S6K</sup> has been correlated with poor prognosis in some cancer types, suggesting that it may serve as a biomarker for disease monitoring. p70<sup>S6K</sup> is a critical downstream effector of the oncogenic PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and its activation is tightly regulated by an ordered cascade of Ser/Thr phosphorylation events. Nonetheless, it should be noted that other upstream mechanisms regulating p70<sup>S6K</sup> at both the post-translational and post-transcriptional levels also exist. Activated p70<sup>S6K</sup> could promote various aspects of cancer progression such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stemness and drug resistance. Importantly, novel evidence showing that p70<sup>S6K</sup> may also regulate different cellular components in the tumor microenvironment will be discussed. Therapeutic targeting of p70<sup>S6K</sup> alone or in combination with traditional chemotherapies or other microenvironmental-based drugs such as immunotherapy may represent promising approaches against cancers with aberrant p70<sup>S6K</sup> signaling. Currently, the only clinically available p70<sup>S6K</sup> inhibitors are rapamycin analogs (rapalogs) which target mTOR. However, there are emerging p70<sup>S6K</sup>-selective drugs which are going through active preclinical or clinical trial phases. Moreover, various screening strategies have been used for the discovery of novel p70<sup>S6K</sup> inhibitors, hence bringing new insights for p70<sup>S6K</sup>-targeted therapy.
Permeation prediction of M100240 using the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay. (2004)

We predicted M100240 is likely to be well absorbed via passive diffusion across the human gastrointestinal tract following oral administration.
The economic burden of schizophrenia in Canada in 2004 (2005)

Despite significant improvements in the past decade in pharmacotherapy, programs and services available for patients with schizophrenia, the economic burden of schizophrenia in Canada remains high. The most significant factor affecting the cost of schizophrenia in Canada is lost productivity due to morbidity. Programs targeted at improving patient symptoms and functioning to increase workforce participation has the potential to make a significant contribution in reducing the cost of this severe mental illness in Canada.
Antigenic peptides (1995)

Although most short, linear peptide fragments of proteins are unstructured in aqueous solution, a number of immunogenic and antigenic peptides have been shown to have conformational preferences for structured forms. By using mainly NMR and CD spectroscopy, it has been possible to detect and quantify quite small populations of beta-turn, helical, and nascent helical conformations. Recent studies have been published indicating that the presence of structured forms is correlated with the location of T cell and/or B cell epitopes in peptide sequences. X-ray crystal structures of complexes between peptides and anti-peptide antibodies frequently show the peptides bound in beta-turn conformations, and the presence of helix in one peptide-antibody complex has been shown by NMR spectroscopy. Studies of peptides free in solution and bound to anti-peptide antibodies in the crystal indicate that the structure of the principal neutralizing determinant of HIV-1 probably includes at least one beta-turn in a highly conserved region. These results can potentially be used in the design of peptide-based vaccines.
Thermodynamic Assessment of Heat Recovery from a Fluidized-Bed Ventilation Air Methane Abatement Unit (2018)

Methane, a greenhouse gas, is the second largest contributor to global warming after carbon dioxide and is 25 times more effective at trapping heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide. In 2015, fugitive emissions of methane from Australian underground coal mines were reported at 25 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent. Ventilation air methane (VAM) is present in low concentrations (below 1.0 vol %), and its abatement and use as an energy source are a challenge for the coal mining industry. This paper examines the recovery of heat from a fluidized-bed VAM abatement unit and utilization in power generation via the Brayton cycle. The objective of the study was to determine the minimum methane concentration required to maintain autothermal operations and produce sufficient power to operate a fluidized-bed plant without supplementary power or fuel. Four configurations were studied and simulated using Aspen Plus software. For direct heat recovery, the minimum methane concentration increased with an increase in both the reactor outlet temperature and compressor outlet pressure. The minimum methane concentration for the indirect heat recovery configurations decreased when both the reactor outlet temperature and compressor outlet pressure increased. For all configurations, the minimum methane concentration was limited by the maximum reactor inlet temperature of 600 °C (to prevent autoignition of methane upstream of the reactor).
Sedimentation Velocity and Expansion Ratio of Emulsion Phase in Gas-Solid Fluidized Bed (1973)

内径6.6cmの流動層を用いて, FCC粒子, アルミナ球粒子, ガラスビード, ポリ塩化ビニル粒子の沈降速度-Ud+uf'と濃厚相の膨張率 (Le-Lc)/Lcの測定を行なった。その結果, 沈降速度は流動時に濃厚相中を流れるガス流速にほぼ等しく, また, 粒fの種類, 性状によって異なることがわかった。すなわち, 平均粒径が大きい場合には, 沈降速度は流動化開始速度umfにほぼ等しいが, 平均粒径が小さく, また粒径分布の幅が広くなるにつれて沈降速度はumfよりしだいに大きくなる。濃厚相の膨張率は平均粒径が小さく, また粒径分布の幅が広くなる程大きくなる。沈降速度および濃厚相の膨張率がガス流速に無関係な範囲について, つぎの実験式が得られた。[(-Ud+uj)umj-1]=[(Le-Lc/Lc]2)
Photoluminescence Characterization of Carrier Recombination Centers in 4H-SiC Substrates by Utilizing below Gap Excitation (2017)

Though the crystal growth technology of SiC is improving steadily, it is still crucial to reduce crystalline defects which act as carrier recombination (CR) centers and deteriorate device performance. We detected CR centers in a p-type 4H-SiC substrate by observing the intensity change of photoluminescence due to the addition of a below-gap excitation (BGE) light of 0.93[eV]. We noticed the temperature and the BGE density dependence of band edge (BE) emission in addition to donor acceptor pair (DAP) emission and discriminated the temperature effect from that of BGE. The BGE density dependence of the PL intensity quenching is different among the BE emission, B 0 - and C 0 -lines of the DAP, respectively. It gives us an important clue for understanding CR mechanisms inside the bandgap of SiC.
Calcium Hydroxylapatite (Radiesse) for Correction of the Mid- and Lower Face: Consensus Recommendations (2007)

Restoring volume in the middle and lower portions of the face is becoming an indispensable component of modern facial rejuvenation. Radiesse (BioForm Medical, San Mateo, Calif.) is an injectable filler material composed of synthetic calcium hydroxylapatite microspheres (30 percent) suspended in an aqueous carrier gel (70 percent). At present, Radiesse is indicated in the United States for correction of moderate to deep nasolabial folds and for correction of the signs of facial fat loss (lipoatrophy) in people with human immunodeficiency virus. Its off-label use in other facial aesthetic indications is widely reported in the literature. The ability of Radiesse to provide immediate and durable effects has fueled interest in its use for expanded aesthetic applications, particularly in the middle and lower face. The authors' consensus panel, consisting of a cross-section of experts in plastic surgery, facial plastic surgery, and dermatology, was convened to review the scientific literature and compare clinical experiences regarding the use of calcium hydroxylapatite. This report describes the characteristic effects of aging in the middle and lower face and reviews the composition of calcium hydroxylapatite, its safety and durability, and its appropriate use in a variety of facial applications, including nasolabial folds, correction of human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipoatrophy, augmentation of the malar, submalar, and zygomatic regions, and correction of oral commissure defects, marionette lines, and prejowl sulcus. Recommendations for Radiesse use in each area, including anesthesia, and injection techniques are provided. Measures for enhancing patient comfort, anticipating and minimizing potential complications, and optimizing aesthetic results are also discussed.
Tracking structural transitions of bovine serum albumin in surfactant solutions by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime analysis (2015)

The structural dynamics of proteins is crucial to their biological functions. A precise and convenient method to determine the structural changes of a protein is still urgently needed. Herein, we employ fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) to track the structural transition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in low concentrated cationic (cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, CTAC), anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS), and nonionic (pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, C12E5 and octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, C12E8) surfactant solutions. BSA is labelled with the fluorescence dye called ATTO-488 (ATTO-BSA) to obtain steady fluorescence signals for measurements. We find that the diffusion coefficient of BSA decreases abruptly with the surfactant concentration in ionic surfactant solutions at concentrations below the critical micelle concentration (CMC), while it is constant in nonionic surfactant solutions. According to the Stokes-Sutherland-Einstein equation, the hydrodynamic radius of BSA in ionic surfactant solutions amounts to ∼6.5 nm, which is 1.7 times larger than in pure water or in nonionic surfactant solutions (3.9 nm). The interaction between BSA and ionic surfactant monomers is believed to cause the structural transition of BSA. We confirm this proposal by observing a sudden shift of the fluorescence lifetime of ATTO-BSA, from 2.3 ns to ∼3.0 ns, in ionic surfactant solutions at the concentration below CMC. No change in the fluorescence lifetime is detected in nonionic surfactant solutions. Moreover, by using FCS we are also able to identify whether the structural change of protein results from its self-aggregation or unfolding.
On Automatically Generating Commit Messages via Summarization of Source Code Changes (2014)

Although version control systems allow developers to describe and explain the rationale behind code changes in commit messages, the state of practice indicates that most of the time such commit messages are either very short or even empty. In fact, in a recent study of 23K+ Java projects it has been found that only 10% of the messages are descriptive and over 66% of those messages contained fewer words as compared to a typical English sentence (i.e., 15-20 words). However, accurate and complete commit messages summarizing software changes are important to support a number of development and maintenance tasks. In this paper we present an approach, coined as Change Scribe, which is designed to generate commit messages automatically from change sets. Change Scribe generates natural language commit messages by taking into account commit stereotype, the type of changes (e.g., files rename, changes done only to property files), as well as the impact set of the underlying changes. We evaluated Change Scribe in a survey involving 23 developers in which the participants analyzed automatically generated commit messages from real changes and compared them with commit messages written by the original developers of six open source systems. The results demonstrate that automatically generated messages by Change Scribe are preferred in about 62% of the cases for large commits, and about 54% for small commits.
O-linked mucin-type glycosylation regulates the transcriptional programme downstream of EGFR (2020)

Aberrant mucin-type O-linked glycosylation is a common occurrence in cancer where the upregulation of sialyltransferases is often seen leading to the early termination of O-glycan chains. Mucin-type O-linked glycosylation is not limited to mucins and occurs on many cell surface glycoproteins including EGFR, where the number of sites can be limited. Upon EGF ligation, EGFR induces a signaling cascade and may also translocate to the nucleus where it directly regulates gene transcription, a process modulated by Galectin-3 and MUC1 in some cancers. Here, we show that upon EGF binding, breast cancer cells carrying different O-glycans respond by transcribing different gene expression signatures. MMP10, the principal gene upregulated when cells carrying sialylated core 1 glycans were stimulated with EGF, is also upregulated in ER-positive breast carcinoma reported to express high levels of ST3Gal1 and hence mainly core 1 sialylated O-glycans. In contrast, isogenic cells engineered to carry core 2 glycans upregulate CX3CL1 and FGFBP1 and these genes are upregulated in ER-negative breast carcinomas, also known to express longer core 2 O-glycans. Changes in O-glycosylation did not significantly alter signal transduction downstream of EGFR in core 1 or core 2 O-glycan expressing cells. However, striking changes were observed in the formation of an EGFR/galectin-3/MUC1/β-catenin complex at the cell surface that is present in cells carrying short core 1-based O-glycans but absent in core 2 carrying cells.
Interspecific and intraspecific differences in two Liriomyza leafminer species in California (2002)

Abstract In recent years, the pest status of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) and L. huidobrensis (Blanchard) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) has changed in California, as well as other areas of the world. In California, L. huidobrensis has become the predominant Liriomyza species in valleys along the central coast, while L. trifolii remains the predominant species in southern California. To investigate possible reasons for this change in status, differences in host plant use and reproductive success of intraspecific populations were examined for Liriomyza trifolii and L. huidobrensis from both central and southern California. The southern L. trifolii fed, oviposited and reproduced successfully on all five hosts tested, but the central population fed significantly less on all hosts and was restricted to reproducing on pepper only. With the exception of pepper, southern L. trifolii had significantly greater larval survival on all hosts than central L. trifolii. In contrast, the central L. huidobrensis population had greater reproductive success than the southern population of that species on all hosts plants tested. However, pepper was not a suitable host for either L. huidobrensis population. Both species showed positive assortative mating, with homotypic mating occurring more frequently than heterotypic mating; however, the difference between L. trifolii populations was much more pronounced than between L. huidobrensis populations. These data indicate that central and southern California populations of each species are distinct biotypes. Furthermore when coupled with previous genetic data, our results suggest the possible existence of cryptic species within L. trifolii.
"La tierra de Alvargonzález": verso y prosa (1955)

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Abstract 5862: 3,5-bis(2,4-difluorobenzylidene)-4-piperidone, a novel compound potently inhibits HNSCC through a DCLK1 mediated mechanism (2018)

Abstract Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) affects 40,000 patients annually and is associated with &amp;lt;50% 5-year survival despite aggressive therapy. Cancer stem cells (CSC) have been reported to contribute to tumor aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance in several tumor types, including HNSCC. Very little is known about the molecular characterization of CSCs in HNSCC. High expression of Doublecortin-like Kinase 1 (DCLK1), a microtubule associated protein that has been previously reported to mark quiescent CSCs of the colon and pancreas, is correlated with poor prognostic outcomes according to TCGA databases. We hypothesized that DCLK1 expression confers stem cell properties and hence is a target for therapy in HNSCC. Methods: HNSCC tumor micro array was stained with DCLK1 to evaluate DCLK1 expression in HNSCC compared to normal mucosal tissue. Additionally, HNSCC cells were screened for expression of DCLK1 to assess expression. HN5 and FaDu cells were treated with DiFiD (0-10µM) and analyzed for cell viability in 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional cultures. Expression for markers of apoptosis, stemness, and cell cycle regulation were determined by western blotting. Furthermore, Caspase 3/7 assay and Annexin V/Pi staining were performed to confirm induction of apoptosis. Thermal shift binding assays (CETSA) were performed to confirm DiFiD:DCLK1 interaction. Lastly, HN5 tumor xenograft toxicity studies were performed in Balb c/ nude FOXN1 mice to determine the antitumor efficacy of DiFiD in vivo. Results: We identified expression of DCLK1 in HNSCC cell lines and patient samples. IHC demonstrated increased expression of DCLK1 in HNSCC compared to normal mucosal tissue. Furthermore, DCLK1 was upregulated in HNSCC cells lines. CETSA assay demonstrated increased thermal stability of DCLK1 following incubation with DiFiD, suggesting DiFiD binds to DCLK1. There was a dose and time dependent reduction in cell viability both in 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional culture models following treatment with DiFiD in both cell lines. DiFiD induced caspase mediated apoptosis following G2/M cell cycle arrest. DiFiD significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo, as confirmed by reduction in tumor volume and weight. DiFiD also showed little off target toxicity, as mouse weights were not significantly altered following DiFiD treatment. Conclusions: Taken together, these data demonstrate that DiFiD has potent anti-cancer activity and therefore may serve as a potential novel therapy for the treatment of HNSCC. Citation Format: David Standing, Jake New, Prasad Dandawate, Dharmalingam Subramaniam, Vusala Snyder, Jonathan Enders, Afreen Sayed, Shrikant Anant, Sufi M. Thomas. 3,5-bis(2,4-difluorobenzylidene)-4-piperidone, a novel compound potently inhibits HNSCC through a DCLK1 mediated mechanism [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5862.
An update on auricular reconstruction: three major auricular malformations of microtia, prominent ear and cryptotia (2010)

A number of articles highlighting clinical experiences with auricular reconstructions for microtia, prominent ear, and cryptotia have been included in this review. We believe that the information synthesized here will become a basis for further development of auricular reconstruction techniques.
Diacylglycerol kinase ζ controls diacylglycerol metabolism at the immunological synapse (2011)

Diacylglycerol (DAG) generation at the T cell immunological synapse (IS) determines the correct activation of antigen-specific immune responses. DAG kinases (DGKs) α and ζ act as negative regulators of DAG-mediated signals by catalyzing DAG conversion to phosphatidic acid (PA). Nonetheless, the specific input of each enzyme and their spatial regulation during IS formation remain uncharacterized. Here we report recruitment of endogenous DGKα and DGKζ to the T cell receptor (TCR) complex following TCR/CD28 engagement. Specific DGK gene silencing shows that PA production at the activated complex depends mainly on DGKζ, indicating functional differences between these proteins. DGKζ kinase activity at the TCR is enhanced by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate cotreatment, suggesting DAG-mediated regulation of DGKζ responsiveness. We used GFP-DGKζ and -DGKα chimeras to assess translocation dynamics during IS formation. Only GFP-DGKζ translocated rapidly to the plasma membrane at early stages of IS formation, independent of enzyme activity. Finally, use of a fluorescent DAG sensor confirmed rapid, sustained DAG accumulation at the IS and allowed us to directly correlate membrane translocation of active DGKζ with DAG consumption at the IS. This study highlights a DGKζ-specific function for local DAG metabolism at the IS and offers new clues to its mode of regulation.