gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Soluble lactose-binding lectin from rat intestine with two different carbohydrate-binding domains in the same peptide chain. (1993)

Of the multiple soluble lactose-binding (S-Lac) lectins in rat intestine, the major one, tentatively designated RI-H, was previously isolated as a polypeptide of molecular weight approximately 17,000. We here report the sequence of RI-H, as determined both at the peptide level and at the nucleotide level. Surprisingly the cDNA encodes a protein of molecular weight approximately 36,000, and this protein contains two homologous but distinct domains each with sequence elements that are conserved among all S-Lac lectins. The C-terminal domain, designated domain II, corresponds to the lectin with M(r) of 17,000 previously isolated from intestinal extracts and shown to have lactose binding activity. By preparing recombinant protein containing only the N-terminal domain, designated domain I, we here directly demonstrate that it too binds lactose and a related range of sugars that are roughly similar to domain II, but clearly distinct. The new lectin, which we designate L-36, is highly expressed in full-length form in rat small and large intestine and stomach but was not detected in eight other tissues including lung, liver, kidney, and spleen. Each domain has approximately 35% sequence identity with the other domain and with the carbohydrate-binding domain of L-29, another S-Lac lectin, but only about 15% identity with other known S-Lac lectins.
Athermal silicon nitride angled MMI wavelength division (de)multiplexers for the near-infrared (2017)

WDM components fabricated on the silicon-on-insulator platform have transmission characteristics that are sensitive to dimensional errors and temperature variations due to the high refractive index and thermo-optic coefficient of Si, respectively. We propose the use of NH<sub>3</sub>-free SiN<sub>x</sub> layers to fabricate athermal (de)multiplexers based on angled multimode interferometers (AMMI) in order to achieve good spectral responses with high tolerance to dimensional errors. With this approach we have shown that stoichiometric and N-rich SiN<sub>x</sub> layers can be used to fabricate AMMIs with cross-talk <30dB, insertion loss <2.5dB, sensitivity to dimensional errors <120pm/nm, and wavelength shift <10pm/°C.
Complex ternary matched filters yielding high signal-to-noise ratios (1990)

Complex ternary matched filters (CTMFs) can be implemented optically using detour phase and a single ternary spatial light modulator or a Mach-Zehnder arrangement and two ternary signal light modulators. In this paper, we present the design of CTMFs that yield high signal-tonoise ratios (SNRs) and show with the help of simulation examples that their performance (in the sense of SNRs) is close to that of optimal matched filters.
A review of parking lot design models (1988)

The efficient design of parking lots is an important element in the development of the transport infrastructure. The design process often adopted is based on broad measures of parking demand, design manuals outlining the minimum size of the components and the experience of the designer. This process may not result in the best design. It is of particular concern that this process does not provide any quantitative information on the ‘level of service’ resulting from the choice of a parking layout. Models of parking systems provide this assistance. Existing models provide information on the utilization of the parking system, its capacity, the best distribution of parking space use and the delay experienced by parkers. Recent improvements in these models have been aided by rapid developments in computer and graphics technology. This paper reviews developments in models of parking lots.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITIONS OF 3,4‐DIMETHYL‐1‐THIO‐1‐PHENYLPHOSPHOLE (1977)

Abstract Die Titelverbindung (III) unterwirft sich einer Vielzahl von Cycloadditionen.
Effect of Whey on Soil and Plant Growth1 (1962)

Synopsis Whey was effective in increasing corn yields the first and second growing season after application. If, during one season more than 4 acre‐inches of whey are applied sufficient salts may accumulate to temporarily inhibit plant growth. The protein in whey is readily converted to nitrates. Whey also benefited the soil physical status.
Vitamin E Supplementation and In Vivo Immune Response in Healthy Elderly Subjects (1997)

Our results indicate that a level of vitamin E greater than currently recommended enhances certain clinically relevant in vivo indexes of T-cell-mediated function in healthy elderly persons. No adverse effects were observed with vitamin E supplementation.
Titanium modular stems in total hip arthroplasty due to developmental dysplasia: a registry comparison with single-taper implants (2022)

Modularity did not result in lower survival rates in dysplastic patients and may even reduce the rate of aseptic loosening in comparison to ST stems. The rate of implant breakage is not negligible. Younger males are not good candidates for titanium DT stems.
Disease modification and other trials in systemic sclerosis have come a long way, but have to go further (2012)

In this issue of Arthritis Care & Research, the View article by Mendoza et al about clinical trial design in systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma) suggests that there cannot be a universal design for clinical trials of disease modification in SSc because the disease has so many different presentations (1). However, it is still important in any randomized controlled trial (RCT) to use proper statistics, including sample size calculations, to be able to recruit subjects (feasible), and ideally to have subjects enrolled that are similar to SSc patients with comparable organ-based disease activity (generalizable). There will not be a single design for every trial, but basic principles must be adhered to. We have written this article as a counterview to the views by Mendoza et al (1), but most of the opinions are in agreement. The headings are ordered in a way that would mimic the process of clinical trial design and conduct (general principles, end points, and discussion of organspecific trials in SSc skin and lung). Examples from trials of various rheumatic diseases have been provided to illustrate various aspects of trial design.
A Sequence-Filter Joint Optimization (2018)

This paper deals with the optimisation of a sequence and its associated mismatched filter. This question has already been addressed in the literature, by alternatively solving two minimisation problem, one per sequence, meaning that the optimisation is never performed on both sequences at the same time. So, this article introduces some methods in order to optimise jointly (i.e. simultaneously) a sequence and its filter. First, a gradient descent is basically applied on both sequences. Second, another algorithm studies an objective function that includes the optimal mismatched filter that minimises the Integrated Sidelobe Level (or the Peak-to-Sidelobe Level Ratio). Simulations show promising results in terms of sidelobes: as expected, a joint optimisation seems to perform better than a separate one. As both methods behave differently, their choice will depend on the applications.
A Computational Analysis of Abnormal Belief Updating Processes and Their Association With Psychotic Experiences and Childhood Trauma in a UK Birth Cohort (2021)

These findings challenge the hypothesis that atypical belief updating mechanisms (as indexed by the computational models and behavioral measures we used) underlie the development of psychotic phenomena.
Parallax View Generation for Static Scenes Using Parallax-Interpolation Adaptive Separable Convolution (2018)

Reconstructing a Densely-Sampled Light Field (DSLF) from a Sparsely-Sampled Light Field (SSLF) is a challenging problem, for which various kinds of algorithms have been proposed. However, very few of them treat the angular information in a light field as the temporal information of a video from a virtual camera, i.e. the parallax views of a SSLF for a static scene can be turned into the key frames of a video captured by a virtual camera moving along the parallax axis. To this end, in this paper, a novel parallax view generation method, Parallax-Interpolation Adaptive Separable Convolution (PIASC), is proposed. The presented PIASC method takes full advantage of the motion coherence of static objects captured by a SSLF device to enhance the motion-sensitive convolution kernels of a state-of-the-art video frame interpolation method, i.e. Adaptive Separable Convolution (AdaSep-Conv). Experimental results on three development datasets of the grand challenge demonstrate the superior performance of PIASC for DSLF reconstruction of static scenes.
Biomimetische Lipo‐Glycopolymer‐Membranen: photochemische Oberflächenanbindung supramolekularer Architekturen mit definierter Orientierung (2009)

In Reih und Glied: Mithilfe multifunktioneller Bausteine und einer Kombination verschiedener nanotechnologischer Oberflächenpräparationsmethoden wurden aus Lipo-Glycopolymeren neuartige biomimetische Zellmembranen konstruiert (siehe Schema; LB=Langmuir-Blodgett). Erstmals wurde die selektive photochemische Anbindung multifunktioneller polymerer Amphiphile mit definierter Ausrichtung der resultierenden supramolekularen Architekturen auf Metalloberflächen demonstriert.
Shenjing: A low power reconfigurable neuromorphic accelerator with partial-sum and spike networks-on-chip (2019)

The next wave of on-device AI will likely require energy-efficient deep neural networks. Brain-inspired spiking neural networks (SNN) has been identified to be a promising candidate. Doing away with the need for multipliers significantly reduces energy. For on-device applications, besides computation, communication also incurs a significant amount of energy and time. In this paper, we propose Shenjing, a configurable SNN architecture which fully exposes all on-chip communications to software, enabling software mapping of SNN models with high accuracy at low power. Unlike prior SNN architectures like TrueNorth, Shenjing does not require any model modification and retraining for the mapping. We show that conventional artificial neural networks (ANN) such as multilayer perceptron, convolutional neural networks, as well as the latest residual neural networks can be mapped successfully onto Shenjing, realizing ANNs with SNN's energy efficiency. For the MNIST inference problem using a multilayer perceptron, we were able to achieve an accuracy of 96% while consuming just 1.26mW using 10 Shenjing cores.
Characterization of the complete genomes of Camelus dromedarius papillomavirus types 1 and 2 (2011)

Camel papillomatosis has been described previously, but the genome of the suspected papillomavirus (PV) has not been identified. An outbreak of papillomatosis occurred in a dromedary farm of 55 animals in Sudan during August 2009. The disease was only present in young animals aged about 3-7 months, of which 44 % (11/25) were affected with lesions, mainly on the lips and lower jaw. This study reports for the first time the complete genomes of Camelus dromedarius papillomavirus types 1 (CdPV1) and 2 (CdPV2), isolated from a cauliflower-like nodule and a round oval raised nodule, respectively. Pairwise comparisons of their L1 nucleotide sequences revealed 69.2 % identity, and phylogenetic analyses suggested that these two PV types are grouped within the genus Deltapapillomavirus. Both viruses were isolated from fibropapillomas, although no putative E5 proteins homologous to that of bovine papillomavirus type 1 were identified. The genetic information will be useful for evolutionary studies of the family Papillomaviridae, as well as for the development of diagnostic methods for surveillance of the disease in dromedaries.
Speaker localization with moving microphone arrays (2016)

Speaker localization algorithms often assume static location for all sensors. This assumption simplifies the models used, since all acoustic transfer functions are linear time invariant. In many applications this assumption is not valid. In this paper we address the localization challenge with moving microphone arrays. We propose two algorithms to find the speaker position. The first approach is a batch algorithm based on the maximum likelihood criterion, optimized via expectation-maximization iterations. The second approach is a particle filter for sequential Bayesian estimation. The performance of both approaches is evaluated and compared for simulated reverberant audio data from a microphone array with two sensors.
Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) Thermal Protection Systems (TPS) and Hot Structures for Hypersonic Vehicles (2008)

Thermal protection systems (TPS) and hot structures are required for a range of hypersonic vehicles ranging from ballistic reentry to hypersonic cruise vehicles, both within Earth's atmosphere and non-Earth atmospheres. The focus of this paper is on air breathing hypersonic vehicles in the Earth's atmosphere. This includes single-stage to orbit (SSTO), two-stage to orbit (TSTO) accelerators, access to space vehicles, and hypersonic cruise vehicles. This paper will start out with a brief discussion of aerodynamic heating and thermal management techniques to address the high heating, followed by an overview of TPS for rocket-launched and air-breathing vehicles. The argument is presented that as we move from rocket-based vehicles to air-breathing vehicles, we need to move away from the insulated airplane approach used on the Space Shuttle Orbiter to a wide range of TPS and hot structure approaches. The primary portion of the paper will discuss issues and design options for CMC TPS and hot structure components, including leading edges, acreage TPS, and control surfaces. The current state-of-the-art will be briefly discussed for some of the components. The two primary technical challenges impacting the use of CMC TPS and hot structures for hypersonic vehicles are environmental durability and fabrication, and will be discussed briefly.
Wide-field multiphoton imaging through scattering media (2020)

Optical imaging has seen exceptional advances over the last two decades. Super-resolution and fast volumetric imaging are now key tools for biological and medical sciences. Whilst these advances have been startling, a remaining challenge in all optical microscopy is to penetrate deeper into tissue. Several approaches have been made to tackle this challenge, including aberration correction or characterisation of the complex media. Although they are remarkable, they are usually very complex, time-consuming and require a "guide star" embedded in the sample. The aim of this thesis is to develop novel microscopy approaches designed to image deeper through biological tissue without correction or characterisation of the scattering medium. The robustness of temporal focusing to speckle formation upon propagation through scattering media is used to project light patterns onto fluorescent samples located inside or behind a turbid medium. Fluorescent light emitted by the sample is collected in an epifluorescence configuration and the intensity is measured in a single-pixel detection scheme. This technique, termed TRAFIX, achieves an imaging depth of up to 7 scattering mean free path lengths. In addition, as TRAFIX lends itself to compressive sensing it enables high-resolution imaging with minimal photodamage. Separately, three-photon excitation is implemented for the first time in a light-sheet fluo- rescence microscopy geometry, combining the advantages of both techniques. The addition of propagation invariant beams to this approach, makes it possible to achieve deep penetration in large scattering samples and image at high spatio-temporal resolution over a large field of view.
<title>Nucleic acid base specific quenching of coumarin-120-derivative in nucleotid-conjugates-photoinduced electron transfer</title> (1991)

In nucleotid coumarin conjugates nucleic acid base specific quenching of the dye is observed. The lifetime of the coupled dye in aqueous solution decreases in the order: adenine (A)>cytosine(C)>thymine(T)>guanine(G). These differences in fluorescence properties of the label can be utilized to develop a new method for DNA sequencing with only one dye and one lane. The paper investigates whether quenching might result from photoinduced electron transfer. Thus redox potentials of several nucleosides and coumarin-120 were determined by cyclic voltammetry and polarography in dimethylformamide. It was found for the bases of 2'-deoxynucleosides, that G can be oxidized electrochemically (1,18 vs SCE), whereas A, C and T can be reduced (-2.69 V.-2.47 V and -2.38 V vs SCE). The correlation of the standard free energy ((Delta) G0) and log (kq) of intra- and intermolecular quenching constants, evaluated from Stern-Volmer plots, give an experimental hint, that the donor and acceptor properties of the fluorescent label are important for the specific quenching. Additional ground state interactions were found for some purine and pyrimidine bases.
Contribution of HN protein length diversity to Newcastle disease virus virulence, replication and biological activities (2016)

Abstract To evaluate the contribution of length diversity in the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein to the pathogenicity, replication and biological characteristics of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), we used reverse genetics to generate a series of recombinant NDVs containing truncated or extended HN proteins based on an infectious clone of genotype VII NDV (SG10 strain). The mean death times and intracerebral pathogenicity indices of these viruses showed that the different length mutations in the HN protein did not alter the virulence of NDV. In vitro studies of recombinant NDVs containing truncated or extended HN proteins revealed that the extension of HN protein increased its hemagglutination titer, receptor-binding ability and impaired its neuraminidase activity, fusogenic activity and replication ability. Furthermore, the hemadsorption, neuraminidase and fusogenic promotion activities at the protein level were consistent with those of viral level. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the HN biological activities affected by the C-terminal extension are associated with NDV replication but not the virulence.
Fuel Consumption Tests for Evaluating the Accuracy and Precision of Truck Engine Electronic Control Modules to Capture Fuel Data (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Many trucking fleets and organizations are extensively using truck onboard computers (OBC) to gather fuel consumption data from truck engines' Electronic Control Modules (ECM). This study aimed to assess the accuracy and the precision of truck engine control module concerning the fuel consumption data.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The testing methodology evaluated the fuel consumption data provided by the ECM using test track and road fuel consumption tests, short-term operational observation, long-term operational observation and engine dynamometer tests. ECM data were retrieved using either onboard computers (OBC) or engine scan tools. Test track and road tests were mainly intended to evaluate the precision of ECM data for short distances, between 60 and 100 km. More than 220 test runs totalizing 22,000 km were conducted using 23 test vehicles. Short-term operational observation monitored a total of 77 vehicles on 305,000 km and long-term operational observation considered periods between 16 and 43 days, with total distance of 105,000 km&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;For short distances (less than 100 km), similar engines presented different levels of precision and accuracy. The majority of the tested vehicles showed acceptable precision but for some tests, the accuracy was unsatisfactory. Short-term and long-term operational observations showed satisfactory accuracy and precision. ECM data precision and accuracy vary among engine manufacturers and among engine models from a single manufacturer. ECM accuracy and precision are more reliable when averaging over longer periods or with a larger number of tests or trips. Therefore, it is risky to use ECM fuel data alone for evaluating the impact of a technology or practice. ECM data should always be completed with other available information, such as fleet fuel records. ECM fuel data might be used for long-term operational observations when expected fuel improvements are at least 5%.&lt;/div&gt;
Local algorithm for the open loop control of thermostatically controlled loads (2016)

Recently, much research in demand response has been devoted to the global control of a population of local thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs), especially by modifying the temperature setpoints of programmable communicating thermostats (PCTs). It is now well known that shifting simultaneously and instantaneously the thermostat temperature setpoints of a homogeneous population of TCLs induces oscillations. To avoid this, closed loop control solutions have been proposed, which however necessitate real-time communication from local loads to central controller. Very recently, open loop solutions requiring only particular capabilities of the PCTs have been put forward. This paper shows how exactly simple hysteresis band shift introduces synchronization in a population of homogeneous TCLs and proposes a modification of the simple hysteresis band shift to avoid oscillations by circumventing thermostat synchronization. The algorithm's success is proved theoretically for a homogeneous TCL set. The improvement brought by the algorithm in a moderately heterogeneous case is shown by simulation. The algorithm is also compared to another recently proposed open loop solution.
ChemInform Abstract: Isochroman Structures in Lignin: A New β‐1 Pathway. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.