gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pure rhombohedral Bi1‐xEuxPO4 nano‐/micro‐structures: fast synthesis, shape evolution and luminescence properties (2015)

Abstract BiPO 4 and Eu‐doped BiPO 4 crystals were synthesized via a simple precipitation route at room temperature , employing Bi ( NO 3 ) 3 and ( NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 as the reactants , Eu 2 O 3 as the dopant and citric acid as a template . X‐ray powder diffraction analyses showed that pure rhombohedral BiPO 4 form was obtained , and was the preferential orientation growth of the crystal . Field emission scanning electron microscope observations showed that the concentration of Bi 3 + obviously changed the products ' morphologies from nanosphere , hollow sphere to hexagonal prism . The acidity of the solution and the contents of citric acid and Eu 3 + ion tailored the size of the final crystals . Effects of concentration of Eu 3 + ion on the luminescence emission intensity were also investigated . Copyright © 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Homogeneous catalysis by metal clusters. 2. Tetranuclear osmium complexes as catalyst precursors in the hydrogenation of styrene (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHomogeneous catalysis by metal clusters. 2. Tetranuclear osmium complexes as catalyst precursors in the hydrogenation of styreneRoberto A. Sanchez-Delgado, Antida Andriollo, Jose Puga, and Gonzalo MartinCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1987, 26, 12, 1867–1870Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00259a012RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views161Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Applying a New Precision Op Amp (1995)

A new bipolar op amp design has advanced the state of the art by reducing offset voltage and bias current errors. Its characteristics are described here, indicating an ultimate input resolution of 10 mV and 1 pA under laboratory conditions. Practical circuits for making voltmeters, amme- ters, differential instrumentation amplifiers and a variety of other designs that can benefit from the improved perform- ance are covered in detail. Methods of coupling the new device to existing fast amplifiers to take advantage of the best characteristics of both, even in follower applications, are explored.
Autonomous agents for business process management (2000)

T raditional approaches to managing business processes are often inadequate for large scale, organisation wide, dynamic settings. However, since Internet and Intranet technologies have become widespread, an increasing number of business processes exhibit these properties. T herefore, a new approach is needed. T o this end, we describe the motivation, conceptualization, design, and implementation of a novel agent based business process management system. T he key advance of our system is that responsibility for enacting various components of the business process is delegated to a number of autonomous problem solving agents. T o enact their role, these agents typically interact and negotiate with other agents in order to coordinate their actions and to buy in the services they require. This approach leads to a system that is signi cantly more agile and robust than its traditional counterparts. T o help demonstrate these bene ts, a companion paper describes the application of our system to a real world problem faced by British T elecom.
Mycobacterial Trehalose Synthase as a potential drug target for tuberculosis (2014)

Trehalose synthase (TreS) catalyzes the reversible conversion of maltose to trehalose in mycobacteria as one of three biosynthetic pathways to this non-reducing disaccharide. Given the importance of trehalose to survival of mycobacteria there has been considerable interest in understanding the enzymes involved in its production; indeed the structures of the key enzymes in the other two pathways have already been determined. Herein we present the first structure of TreS from Mycobacterium smegmatis, thereby providing insights into the catalytic machinery involved in this intriguing intramolecular reaction. This structure, which is of interest both mechanistically and as a potential pharmaceutical target, reveals a narrow and enclosed active site cleft within which the intramolecular rearrangement can occur with minimal hydrolysis. We also present the structure of a complex of TreS with acarbose, revealing a hitherto unsuspected oligosaccharide binding site within the C-terminal domain. This may well provide an anchor point for the association of TreS with glycogen, thereby enhancing its role in glycogen biosynthesis and degradation.
Predictive current control of asynchronous machines by optimizing the switching moments (2013)

In this paper a model-based predictive control (MBPC) scheme for the current control of induction machines is presented. The controller directly selects the optimal switch state of the inverter. The proposed scheme uses a longer prediction horizon and a limited amount of optimal switching instants to reduce the average switching frequency. The next iteration of the MBPC-scheme is performed at the established optimal switching instant, as such suppressing the receding horizon property for short time spans. The proposed method is compared to a more conventional MBPC-scheme with a very short prediction horizon. Both simulations and experiments clearly show a significant reduction in average switching frequency. However, with a reduction in switching frequency the torque ripple is increased. To correctly asses the properties of the different schemes, a key performance indicator is proposed that offers a fair and unbiased comparison in terms of switching frequency and torque ripple.
Further investigation of the target resistance penetration parameter R[sub t] (2000)

The quasi steady-state penetration of long rods into semi-infinite targets has been described by the modified Bernoulli equation (MBE) 12 ρp(V−U)2+Yp=12 ρtU2+Rt, where Rt is a material dependent parameter corresponding to target resistance to penetration. Rosenberg and Dekel (1994) investigated the dependence of Rt on target strength Yt and impact velocity V. They found an Rt(Yt) dependence similar to the one obtained from cavity expansion analysis, and a decreasing Rt(V) dependence. Following Rosenberg and Dekel, we use AUTODYN2D/EULER to investigate further the parameter Rt. We use a strengthless projectile (Yp=0), monitor the penetration velocity, and evaluate Rt from the MBE. We find that: 1) Rt goes to zero for Yt=0; 2) Rt increases with Yt by a somewhat weaker than linear relation; 3) Rt increases with V at high impact velocity; and 4) for low values of q=12 ρpV2/Yt, the turned projectile material interacts with the incoming projectile, and steady state is never reached, thus Rt is not defined.
A vector quantization approach to speaker recognition (2005)

In this study a vector quantization (VQ) codebook was used as an efficient means of characterizing the short-time spectral features of a speaker. A set of such codebooks were then used to recognize the identity of an unknown speaker from his/her unlabelled spoken utterances based on a minimum distance (distortion) classification rule. A series of speaker recognition experiments was performed using a 100-talker (50 male and 50 female) telephone recording database consisting of isolated digit utterances. For ten random but different isolated digits, over 98% speaker identification accuracy was achieved. The effects, on performance, of different system parameters such as codebook sizes, the number of test digits, phonetic richness of the text, and difference in recording sessions were also studied in detail.
Phase reflection—a new solution for the detection of shape defects on car body sheets (2000)

This paper describes the development of a highly sensitive optical profilometer well suited for the detection of faults with millimeter lateral dimensions and a micrometer depth. The objective is to meet the requirements of the automotive industry. The principle combines the high sensitivity of reflection techniques with the evaluation potential of phase shifted fringe projection. After a mathematical description the paper gives a number of experimental results with both reference surfaces and original sheet metal parts.
[Predictive factors of the first digestive hemorrhage and death in cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices]. (1989)

Predictive factors for the first digestive tract hemorrhage and for death in cirrhotic patients have been partially studied in prophylactic shunt trials and never prospectively according to multivariate analysis method. We prospectively followed 106 cirrhotic patients (88 p. 100 with alcohol abuse) with large esophageal varices without past history of bleeding during a mean period of 13.3 +/- 6.1 months. Of 23 clinical and biochemical variables recorded at entry as well as alcohol withdrawal evaluated during the course of the study, we looked for those which had independent prognostic value for the risks of bleeding and death according to a multiple regression analysis (Cox's model). At the end of the study, 30 patients had bled and 40 were dead. The cumulative one-year percentages of patients were 72 p. 100 free of bleeding and 65 p. 100 surviving (95 p. 100 confidence limits: 62 and 81, 54 and 73, respectively). The bleeding risk was positively correlated with variceal size, plasma creatinine and negatively correlated with age and mean arterial pressure. The bleeding risk varied according to variceal size: medium: 23 p. 100, large: 44 p. 100 (p less than 0.05). An increase in Child-Pugh score, plasma creatinine and mean corpuscular volume as well as hepatomegaly were independent predictive factors for death. The death rate was (according to Child-Pugh grade): A: 14 p. 100, B: 33 p. 100, C: 50 p. 100 (p less than 0.01). We conclude that bleeding risk is maximum in young patients with large varices and the death rate is dependent on severity of liver disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A 2G-Satellite System for Bridging Broadband Digital Divide (2004)

We proposed the future need of research and development of communications satellite for the next 30 years and proposed the approach of three generations of future Internet satellite. Then we examined a configuration of the first stage of 2G-satellite. Furthermore, the satellite cost of such a high capacity satellite was studied. We also proposed global ring satellite and gave its cost consideration. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the possible configuration of the broadband satellite communications system as a 2G-satellite (second generation Internet satellite) configuration, whose capacity is around 120 Gbps, for bridging broadband digital divide. This study will include service area selection, antenna system, onboard switch and optical inter satellite link technology. First, the paper reviews the updated proposal for the future needs of communications satellite briefly. Then it examines the communications satellite applicability for bridging the broadband digital divide in the Asia-Oceania as an example. The service area for the 2G-satellite will be selected based on various factors such as Internet penetration, land area, population growth, etc. Second, we discuss the possible antenna system, and Link budget of the 2G-satellite. The satellite will be designed as a global ring satellite system. The design of the satellite borne Ka-band phased array antenna will be a key technology. Finally, optical inter-satellite system is considered, including link budget and optical antenna configuration.
Black is Green: Adaptive Color Transformation For Reduced Ink Usage (2012)

Abstract A vast majority of color transformations applied to an image in the digital press industry are static and pre‐calculated. In order to achieve the best quality on a wide variety of different images, these transformations tend to be highly conservative with respect to the use of black ink. This results in excessive use of inks, which has a negative economic and environmental impact. We present a method for dynamic computation of color transformation based on image content, with the aim to reduce ink usage. We analyze the image, and predict areas in which quality artifacts that may result from such a reduction will be masked by the image content. These areas include detailed textures, noisy areas and structure. We then replace the image CMYK values by a new combination with increased black. Our algorithm ensures negligible color shifts in the resulting image, and no visible reduction in quality. We achieve an average of over 10% ink savings.
New infrared-sensitive photorefractive polymers and polymer composites (2003)

We report on the synthesis, the molecular properties and an evaluation of the photorefractive performance of different types of polymer composites. Samples were C<sub>60</sub> and (2, 4, 7-trinitro-9-fluorenylidene)malonitrile (TNFDM) sensitized and characterized by four-wave mixing and two-beam coupling experiments at 680 and 780 nm. In a first type of composite, new synthesized N-arylated carbazoles were used as bifunctional chromophores to demonstrate the importance of the relative orientation of dipole moment and polarizability tensor on the Figure-of-Merit (FOM) of photorefractive experiments. Investigations were performed on mixed inorganic/organic nanocomposites to extend the photosensitivity of the samples to longer wavelengths, photoconductivity at 980 nm was studied on PbS colloids/PVK samples. Finally, a fully functionalized photorefractive polymer was synthesized and analyzed by four-wave mixing and two beam coupling experiments. The polymer showed a strange oscillating behavior in diffraction efficiency and gain. Thus far the temporally oscillation couldn’t be explained properly.
Bedeutung der Repertorien von Bönninghausen und Jahr (2007)

Der Verfasser vergleicht die alten Repertorien Bönninghausens und Jahrs miteinander und mit den heute bekannten Repertorien. Er zeigt, daß im Laufe der Zeit dadurch Verwirrungen entstanden sind, daß die beiden großen Repertorien der genannten Autoren in Amerika kaum bekannt geworden sind.
Stereotactic body radiation therapy for metastasis to the adrenal glands (2012)

Many primary cancers can metastasize to the adrenal glands. Adrenalectomy via an open or laparoscopic approach is the current definitive treatment, but not all patients are eligible or wish to undergo surgery. There are only limited studies on the use of conventional radiation therapy for palliation of symptoms from adrenal metastasis. However, the advent of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) - also named stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for primary lung cancer, metastases to the lung, and metastases to the liver - have prompted some investigators to consider the use of SBRT for metastases to the adrenal glands. This review focuses on the emerging data on SBRT of metastasis to the adrenal glands, while also providing a brief discussion of the overall management of adrenal metastasis.
Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 p12 I Enhances Interleukin-2 Production during T-Cell Activation (2003)

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and a variety of lymphoproliferative disorders. The early virus-cell interactions that determine a productive infection remain unclear. However, it is well recognized that T-cell activation is required for effective retroviral integration into the host cell genome and subsequent viral replication. The HTLV-1 pX open reading frame I encoding protein, p12(I), is critical for the virus to establish persistent infection in vivo and for infection in quiescent primary lymphocytes in vitro. p12(I) localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and cis-Golgi apparatus, increases intracellular calcium and activates nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-mediated transcription. To clarify the function of p12(I), we tested the production of IL-2 from Jurkat T cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) expressing p12(I). Lentiviral vector expressed p12(I) in Jurkat T cells enhanced interleukin-2 (IL-2) production in a calcium pathway-dependent manner during T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation. Expression of p12(I) also induced higher NFAT-mediated reporter gene activities during TCR stimulation in Jurkat T cells. In contrast, p12 expression in PBMC elicited increased IL-2 production in the presence of phorbal ester stimulation, but not during TCR stimulation. Finally, the requirement of ER localization for p12(I)-mediated NFAT activation was demonstrated and two positive regions and two negative regions in p12(I) were identified for the activation of this transcription factor by using p12(I) truncation mutants. These results are the first to indicate that HTLV-1, an etiologic agent associated with lymphoproliferative diseases, uses a conserved accessory protein to induce T-cell activation, an antecedent to efficient viral infection.
Acylative Dimerization of Tetrahydrofuran Catalyzed by Rare‐Earth Triflates (2004)

Abstract Ytterbium, scandium, and lanthanum triflates catalyze the cleavage reactions of cyclic ethers to give various products. Most notable was the acylative cleavage of tetrahydrofuran with acetic anhydride catalyzed by Yb(triflate)3 to give the dimeric compound CH3CO2(CH2)4O(CH2)4OCOCH3 in 69% yield. Keywords: Lewis acidsTetrahydrofuranRare‐earth triflates Acknowledgments We gratefully acknowledge the generous financial support of Lafayette's Committee on Advanced Study and Research in the form of stipends under the EXCEL Scholar program to DAR, ST, and RLG. We gratefully acknowledge a grant from the Kresge Foundation for the purchase of a 400 MHz NMR spectrometer.
A DIRECT SYNTHESIS OF CARBAMATE ESTER PROM CARBON DIOXIDE, AMINE AND ALKYL HALIDE (1984)

Abstract Carbon dioxide reacted with diethylamine and alkyl halide derivatives to give the corresponding alkyl N,N-diethylcarhamate esters in fair yields.
New zeolite technology for maximum midbarrel production. [HC-22 catalyst] (1981)

A zeolite middle-distillate catalyst, designated HC-22, is made available by Union Oil Co. for use in Union's licensed Unicracking process. The catalyst demonstrates superior activity and stability for maximum middle-distillate production when compared to amorphous middle-distillate catalyst technology. Additionally, this latest Unicracking catalyst is capable of processing higher end-point feeds. Data are shown for maximum diesel yields (96.3 vol % of fresh feed) and maximum Jet A-1 yields (85.3 vol %) for a 701-1023/degree/F Light Arabian Vacuum Gas Oil. The flexibility of maximum middle-distillate Unicracking.
Generation of Chinese hamster ovary cell glycosylation mutants by retroviral insertional mutagenesis. Integration into a discrete locus generates mutants expressing high levels of N-glycolylneuraminic acid. (1994)

Retroviral insertional mutagenesis can both generate somatic cell mutants and pinpoint the genomic locus associated with a mutant phenotype. In the present study, this approach was applied to Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) made susceptible to Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMuLV) infection by stable expression of an ecotropic retrovirus receptor. These CHO cells were infected with a replication incompetent MoMuLV construct with a promoterless hygromycin phosphotransferase (hygro) gene inserted into the U3 region of the long terminal repeat and a second selectable marker, neomycin phosphotransferase (neo), expressed from an internal promoter. CHO clones containing integrated proviruses were selected with hygromycin or G418, and the subset of these with reduced cell surface Neu5Ac were then selected with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). The majority of the resulting clones had a phenotype not previously described for WGA-resistant CHO mutants arising spontaneously or from chemical mutagenesis: Neu5Ac was almost completely replaced by Neu5Gc. We have provisionally termed these clones SAP mutants, for sialic acid phenotype. Southern analysis of HindIII digested DNA from four SAP mutants revealed that the MoMuLV provirus is present in a 10.4-kilobase (kb) fragment. Probing with a flanking CHO sequence resulted in equivalent hybridization to a 4.6-kb fragment and the 10.4-kb provirus-containing fragment in all four cases, while uninfected parental cells and non-SAP glycosylation mutants generated in the same retrovirus insertional mutagenesis experiments yielded only the 4.6-kb fragment. Sequencing of the 3'-flanking DNA revealed that each of the four SAP mutants had a unique provirus integration site falling within a 796 bp region of the CHO genome. The frequency with which SAP mutants arise suggests that this may be a preferred site for retrovirus integration.
An improved force field for structures of mixed RuO2-TiO2 oxides (2015)

Heterogeneous electrocatalysis is the usage of solid materials to decrease the amount of energy needed to produce chemicals using electricity. It is of core importance for modern life, as it enables production of chemicals, such as chlorine gas and sodium chlorate, needed for e.g. materials and pharmaceuticals production. Furthermore, as the need to make a transition to usage of renewable energy sources is growing, the importance for electrocatalysis used for electrolytic production of clean fuels, such as hydrogen, is rising. In this thesis, work aimed at understanding and improving electrocatalysts used for these purposes is presented.A main part of the work has been focused on the selectivity between chlorine gas, or sodium chlorate formation, and parasitic oxygen evolution. An activation of anode surface Ti cations by nearby Ru cations is suggested as a reason for the high chlorine selectivity of the “dimensionally stable anode” (DSA), the standard anode used in industrial chlorine and sodium chlorate production. Furthermore, theoretical methods have been used to screen for dopants that can be used to improve the activity and selectivity of DSA, and several promising candidates have been found. Moreover, the connection between the rate of chlorate formation and the rate of parasitic oxygen evolution, as well as the possible catalytic effects of electrolyte contaminants on parasitic oxygen evolution in the chlorate process, have been studied experimentally.Additionally, the properties of a Co-doped DSA have been studied, and it is found that the doping makes the electrode more active for hydrogen evolution. Finally, the hydrogen evolution reaction on both RuO2 and the noble-metal-free electrocatalyst material MoS2 has been studied using a combination of experimental and theoretically calculated X-ray photoelectron chemical shifts. In this way, insight into structural changes accompanying hydrogen evolution on these materials is obtained.