gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of specific RASSF1A tumor suppression through C19ORF5 (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

5317 

Isoform-specific epigenetic silencing of RASSF1A (3p21.3) by promoter-specific CpG-island hypermethylation occurs at high frequency in human tumors while the closely related product of the same gene, RASSF1C, continues to be expressed. Both isoforms in isolation exhibit tumor suppressor properties and we show here similar cellular locations on mitochondria and microtubules, paclitaxel-like microtubule hyperstabilization and disruption of mitosis. C19ORF5 is a sequence homologue of microtubule-associated protein MAP1B and binds specifically with paclitaxel or RASSF1A-hyperstabilized microtubules. When A or C isoforms of RASSF1 are co-expressed with C19ORF5 the unique N-terminal sequence of RASSF1C prevents it from hyperstabilizing microtubules although both A and C equally interact with C19ORF5. When overexpressed in mammalian cells the 393-amino acid residue C-terminus of C19ORF5 (C19ORF5C) that is homologous to the light chain of MAP1B, induced and associated with perinuclear aggregates of cytochrome c-deficient and membrane potential-reduced mitochondria that caused gross degradation of DNA. We refer to this distinct mode of cell death as mitochondrial aggregation and genome destruction (MAGD). The accumulation of C19ORF5 and resultant MAGD signalled by hyperstabilized microtubules may be involved in the tumor suppression activity of both RASSF1A and the taxoid drug family.
Doses and Time-Dependent Effects of 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine on T47D Human Breast Cancer Cells in vitro (2000)

The objective of the present work was to study the effects of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (azidothymidine, Zidovudine) on human breast cancer cells by using, as a model, the T47D cell line (typified as oestrogen-dependent and p53-mutated). Low azidothymidine doses (3.125 microM) increase the percentage of cells in S-phase, with the effect reversing after 24 hr of incubation; as azidothymidine doses increase, the magnitude and duration of its effect increase proportionally, although, even with the highest concentrations (50-100 microM) the effects decline after 48 hr of incubation. If media (containing azidothymidine or vehicle) are daily renewed, the azidothymidine effects (accumulation of cells in S-phase) are higher and decline later than when media and drug are not changed during the whole culture period, thereby suggesting that the reversion of azidothymidine effects could be related with a degradation of the drug or accumulation in media of substances which counteract its effects. Azidothymidine inhibits T47D cell proliferation at concentrations higher than 50 microM. The exposure to 50 or 100 microM azidothymidine induced cell apoptosis after 48 hr or more of incubation. We conclude that: a) azidothymidine, with appropriate doses and duration of treatment, synchronizes cells in S-phase, inhibits proliferation, and induces apoptosis, b) the discontinuous application of the drug rather than continuous exposure to it increases its efficiency to synchronize the T47D cell cycle. This in vitro anti-breast cancer activity suggests that a possible clinical usefulness of azidothymidine, either alone or associated with other drugs with cycle-specific antitumoural activity circumscribed to the S-phase of cell cycle, is worthy of investigation.
Leiomyolipoma of the Orbit (2011)

Orbital leiomyolipoma is a rare benign tumor characterized by a mixture of mature smooth muscle cells and adipocytes. The authors present a case which, to the best of their knowledge, is the second case of leiomyolipoma of the orbit reported in the ophthalmic literature. A 65-year-old patient presented with a painful and swollen left eye, the symptoms having been present for 1 week. Imaging (CT, MRI follow up) confirmed the presence of a nearly 2-cm lesion medial to the lacrimal gland. A biopsy was planned, and 3 specimens were taken for histologic examination. Histology showed diffusely intermingling smooth muscle cells and mature adipocytes; immunohistochemistry demonstrated positive staining for smooth muscle actin and negativity for HMB45, MART-1, and Cytokeratin AE1/3. Although it is very rare, ophthalmologists should consider leiomyolipoma in the differential diagnosis of orbital tumors. The long-term prognosis for patients affected by this benign tumor is good.
Testing of low GWP replacements for R-410A in stationary air conditioning. (2016)

R-410A is one of the most widely used fluids for small and mid-sized air conditioning systems globally.Â While R-410A has many positive attributes for cooling, it is the subject of valid criticisms regarding its high direct global warming potential (GWP) and environmental impact. Â Although no single refrigerant fluid has yet been developed that meets every proposed requirement for use in conventional R-410A type stationary air conditioning system designs, blended HFO-based refrigerant compositions have been developed and optimized to provide improved overall safety and performance, while retaining significant environmental sustainability properties versus the legacy refrigerants.Â This paper discusses two potential alternative fluids, DR-55 and DR-5A, that have been developed to most nearly meet the most often cited sets of environmental, physical and performance properties for air conditioning.Â DR-55 and DR-5A are optimizations of GWP, flammability, and performance while retaining compatibility with existing R-410A system designs to enable an orderly transition to low GWP.Â Â Data presented will include thermodynamic properties, performance test results, thermal stability, lubricant miscibility, and materials compatibility compared to the existing refrigerant.Â Performance will be evaluated in a residential air conditioning system designed for R-410A with minimal equipment modifications at both standard air conditioning and high ambient temperature operating conditions.Â These new refrigerant blends provide useful options to help maintain the quality of life and health benefits from air conditioning and refrigeration, but in an energy efficient, cost effective, and environmentally sustainable manner.
Experimental Investigation of UWB Impulse Response and Time Reversal Technique Up to 12 GHz: Omnidirectional and Directional Antennas (2012)

An experimental study of the time reversal (TR) technique is presented in a single-input-single-output configuration over the frequency range of 2-12 GHz. A special emphasis of this work is to investigate and compare impulse response (IR) and TR characteristics for omnidirectional biconical and directional spiral antennas over realistic indoor ultrawideband (UWB) channels in both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments. We discuss the effects of channel multipath dispersion and antenna frequency-dependant delay distortions on the received responses in both time and frequency domains. The effectiveness of TR for waveform compression is characterized by computing root mean square delay spread and peak-to-average power ratio. Our study suggests that the effectiveness of time reversal is subject to a tradeoff between competing effects-namely, compensation of spectral phase variation (which leads to compression) and aggravation of spectral amplitude structure (which opposes compression). Although TR is a powerful technique for compensation of phase distortions associated with broadband frequency-independent antennas (as shown in LOS experiments with spiral antennas), it shows only modest performance in compressing time spread associated with multipath delays.
Genetic Vulnerability to Drug Abuse (1992)

Alcoholics are more likely than nonalcoholics to display the Taq I A1 restriction fragment length polymorphism of the D2 dopamine receptor gene, according to four of six studies that examined alcoholics and controls. The current study examines whether the association observed in alcoholism might extend to other addictive substances by examining D2 dopamine receptor Taq I A and B restriction fragment length polymorphisms in polysubstance users and controls free of significant substance use. We hypothesized a stronger association for the B1 restriction fragment length polymorphism since it lies closer to dopamine receptor protein coding and 5' regulatory regions. Heavy polysubstance users and subjects with DSM-III-R psychoactive substance use diagnoses displayed significantly higher Taq I B1 frequencies than control subjects; Taq I A1 results for these comparisons were less robust. These results are consistent with a role for a D2 dopamine receptor gene variant marked by these restriction fragment length polymorphisms in enhanced substance abuse vulnerability.
Molecular modeling of lipid drug formulations (2012)

Lipid formulations can improve the bioavailability of drugs that have low aqueous solubility. A variety of chemical compounds, including triglyceride oils (lipids), fatty acid esters and surfactants, can be included in lipid formulations. This heterogeneity makes spectroscopic study of the in ternal structure of formulation difficult. Understanding of lipid formulations at a molecular level will greatly improve our knowledge of in vivo dispersion and solubilisation patterns of lipid formulations.



Figure 1



Molecular dynamics studies have provided useful insight into the structure and dynamics of different types of aggregates, including mixed glycerides with and without propylene glycol [1] and bile salts [2]. To date, such studies have not been performed on lipid drug formulations . The objective of this research is to develop a molecular dynamics protocol to examine the interaction between drugs and formulations at the atomic level. To evaluate and parameterize the force field of choice we are calculating Gibbs free energy of solvation of a number of alcohols and short poly -(ethylene glycol) polymers. Following this, the aggregation behaviour of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), sodium glycochenodeoxycholate (GDX), different digestion products and polyethylene glycol surfactants will be investigated. Moreover, the phase diagram s of three component systems composed of i) bile salts, digested products and water and ii) surfactants, lipids and water will be modelled.

Simulations are being performed using the molecular dynamics software suite GROMACS. Calculations are being performed on a high performance computing cluster at the Victorian Life Sciences Com putation Initiative (VLSCI). The methods highlighted in this study will prove to be an essential tool for formulators of lipid systems for oral administration.
Exergonic fragmentations in photogenerated zwitterions (1999)

The competition between the fluorescent back-electron transfer and the exergonic fragmentation of radical anions in photogenerated intramolecular zwitterions showed that the rate of fragmentation followed the driving force of the reaction, with the notable exception of the most exergonic case.
The Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Intracellular Minerals in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (2009)

Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the expression of intracellular proinflammatory cytokines and mineral contents in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: Serum samples from 40 patients with AS and 19 healthy individuals were collected for this study. Flow cytometry was used to determine the intracellular concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the CD3–, CD4–, and CD8– bearing T cells. The mass fraction of calcium (Ca(superscript 2+)) and magnesium (Mg(superscript 2+)) in phytohemagglutin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocytes were measured using a spectrofluorometer. Clinical variables, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI), age at onset, uveitis and family history were recorded.
Results: Intracellular proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, TNF-α, & IFN-γ) expression in CD3+ and CD4+ T cells after phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation was more significantly increased in AS patients than in healthy controls (p＜0.05). Intracellular Ca(superscript 2+) exhibited a significant correlation to the TNF-α level in stimulated CD8+ T cells in AS patients (r=0.439, p＜0.05), but not in healthy controls. Comparison between an increase in cytokine expression and clinical variables showed that the increase in IFN-γ was significantly less prominent in patients with a lower BASFI score (BASFI＜20 vs. ≧20, p＜0.05) and more prominent in patients with uveitis. The IL-1β increase after stimulation was less prominent in patients with a higher age of onset (＞30 years of age, p＜0.05).
Conclusion: The increased expression of intracellular proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ after PMA-stimulation was more pronounced in AS patients than in normal individuals. A significant correlation between intracellular TNF-α level and Ca(superscript 2+) was found in AS patients. Whether the elevation of intracellular Ca(superscript 2+) can enhance intracellular TNF-α expression in AS patients requires further study.
An Eco-Friendly Technique: Solvent-Free Microwave Synthesis and Docking Studies of Some New Pyridine Nucleosides and Their Pharmacological Significance (2019)

Two series of novel 5-arylazo-3-cyano-2-(2″,3″,4″,6″-tetra-<i>O</i>-acetyl-β-d-galacto pyranosyloxy) pyridines and 3-cyano-2-(2″,3″,4″,6″-tetra-<i>O</i>-acetyl-β-d-galactopyranosyloxy) pyridines were synthesized in high yields utilizing a microwave-assisted synthesis tool guided by the principles of green chemistry. The chemical structures of the new substances were confirmed on the basis of their elemental analysis and spectroscopic data (FT-IR, 1D, 2D-NMR). Activity against different bacterial strains was studied. The anticancer potential of the new compounds is also discussed. Molecular docking was used as a tool in this research work to get better insight into the possible interactions, affinities, and expected modes of binding of the most promising derivatives of the potential chemotherapeutic target (DHFR).
Experimental demonstration of topological effects in bianisotropic metamaterials (2016)

Existence of robust edge states at interfaces of topologically dissimilar systems is one of the most fascinating manifestations of a novel nontrivial state of matter, a topological insulator. Such nontrivial states were originally predicted and discovered in condensed matter physics, but they find their counterparts in other fields of physics, including the physics of classical waves and electromagnetism. Here, we present the first experimental realization of a topological insulator for electromagnetic waves based on engineered bianisotropic metamaterials. By employing the near-field scanning technique, we demonstrate experimentally the topologically robust propagation of electromagnetic waves around sharp corners without backscattering effects.
CXCL9:SPP1 macrophage polarity identifies a network of cellular programs that control human cancers (2023)

Tumor microenvironments (TMEs) influence cancer progression but are complex and often differ between patients. Considering that microenvironment variations may reveal rules governing intratumoral cellular programs and disease outcome, we focused on tumor-to-tumor variation to examine 52 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. We found that macrophage polarity-defined by <i>CXCL9</i> and <i>SPP1</i> (CS) expression but not by conventional M1 and M2 markers-had a noticeably strong prognostic association. CS macrophage polarity also identified a highly coordinated network of either pro- or antitumor variables, which involved each tumor-associated cell type and was spatially organized. We extended these findings to other cancer indications. Overall, these results suggest that, despite their complexity, TMEs coordinate coherent responses that control human cancers and for which CS macrophage polarity is a relevant yet simple variable.
The growth factor progranulin attenuates neuronal injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion through the suppression of neutrophil recruitment (2013)

PGRN exerted ameliorative effects against I/R-induced inflammation, and these effects may be due to the inhibition of neutrophil recruitment into the I/R brain.
ChemInform Abstract: TORSIONALLY DISTORTED OLEFINS. RESOLUTION OF CIS‐ AND TRANS‐4,4′‐BI‐1,1′,2,2′,3,3′‐HEXAHYDROPHENANTHRYLIDENE (1977)

Abstract Durch reduktive Dimerisierung des Ketons (I) wird ein trennbares Gemisch der racemischen Titelverbindungen (II) und (III) erhalten (Ausbeutenangaben in g); beide Isomeren können weiterhin in die jeweiligen (‐)‐ und (+)‐Enantiomeren aufgetrennt werden.
Eagle Ford Completion Optimization Using Horizontal Log Data (2013)

Abstract Schlumberger and four Eagle Ford Shale Play operators drilling in South Texas joined a consortium initiative to acquire various types of open hole logging data in several horizontal wells, and use the data to design the completions with optimum fracture stage and perforation cluster positioning. Horizontal production logs were subsequently used to gauge the effectiveness of using the log data to engineer the completions. This paper outlines the data acquisition techniques, analyses made on that data, application, results and conclusion. Previous work carried out on production logging data acquired in several shale plays including the Eagle Ford (Miller et al, 2011) shows a significant variation in perforation cluster contribution. Other documented results showing the effect of targeting similarly stressed rock for fracture treatments (Waters, Heinze, Jackson, 2011) in the Marcellus. The objective of this study was to improve the initial flow capacity of the well by increasing the number of perforation clusters contributing to production. A related objective was to determine the optimal horizontal logging program that was needed to characterize the rock with minimal interruption to existing work flows. This paper will show the results of data acquired over 12 horizontal wells in the Eagle Ford Shale (see map in figure 1). Petrophysical and geomechanical analyses were based on horizontal logging measurements and used as inputs to an engineered completion design tool that generated a recommendation on each well design. The design tool grouped intervals with similar properties for stimulation treatment. Following the treatment, horizontal production logs were run through the zones to measure the perforation cluster contribution. The results of the study have the potential to change the way Unconventional Resources are developed. Recent trends have seen a shift away from data acquisition to blind geometrical fracturing. This paper examines the value of acquiring petrophysical data in the lateral section and its application to completion optimization, the minimization of wasted resources, and the impact on early production.
Algal growth potential and nutrient limitation in spring in Three-Gorges Reservoir, China. (2009)

In China, especially in Three-Gorges Reservoir, our knowledge of the algal growth potential and nutrient limitation was still limited. In the spring of 2006, the water column ratios of total nitrogen/total phosphorus were investigated and algal bioassays performed to determine algal growth potential of waters and nutrient limitation of mainstream and Xiangxi Bay of Three-Gorges Reservoir. The results showed sampling sites in mainstream were co-limited by N and P or P-limited alone, and sites in Xiangxi Bay were N-limited alone. Fe likely played an important role in determining the appearance and disappearance of algal blooms of Three-Gorges Reservoir. Native algae, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Cyclotella meneghiniana, had high growth potential in Three-Gorges Reservoir.
Atomic force microscope with combined FTIR-Raman spectroscopy having a micro thermal analyzer (2023)

An atomic force microscope is provided that includes a micro thermal analyzer with a tip. The micro thermal analyzer is configured for obtaining topographical data from a sample. A raman spectrometer is included and is configured for use in obtaining chemical data from the sample.
Supp Figure 1 from Delta-24-RGD, an Oncolytic Adenovirus, Increases Survival and Promotes Proinflammatory Immune Landscape Remodeling in Models of AT/RT and CNS-PNET (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supp Figure 1 Infectivity of Delta24-RGD in PNET-like cell cultures.&lt;/p&gt;
Somatic retrotransposition in the developing rhesus macaque brain (2022)

The retrotransposon LINE-1 (L1) is central to the recent evolutionary history of the human genome and continues to drive genetic diversity and germline pathogenesis. However, the spatiotemporal extent and biological significance of somatic L1 activity are poorly defined and are virtually unexplored in other primates. From a single L1 lineage active at the divergence of apes and Old World monkeys, successive L1 subfamilies have emerged in each descendant primate germline. As revealed by case studies, the presently active human L1 subfamily can also mobilize during embryonic and brain development in vivo. It is unknown whether nonhuman primate L1s can similarly generate somatic insertions in the brain. Here we applied approximately 40× single-cell whole-genome sequencing (scWGS), as well as retrotransposon capture sequencing (RC-seq), to 20 hippocampal neurons from two rhesus macaques (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>). In one animal, we detected and PCR-validated a somatic L1 insertion that generated target site duplications, carried a short 5' transduction, and was present in ∼7% of hippocampal neurons but absent from cerebellum and nonbrain tissues. The corresponding donor L1 allele was exceptionally mobile in vitro and was embedded in <i>PRDM4</i>, a gene expressed throughout development and in neural stem cells. Nanopore long-read methylome and RNA-seq transcriptome analyses indicated young retrotransposon subfamily activation in the early embryo, followed by repression in adult tissues. These data highlight endogenous macaque L1 retrotransposition potential, provide prototypical evidence of L1-mediated somatic mosaicism in a nonhuman primate, and allude to L1 mobility in the brain over the past 30 million years of human evolution.
Identification of D-D Fusion Reaction by Simultaneous Neutron and Proton Measurements in an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device (2001)

Simultaneous measurements of neutrons and protons were carried out to identify D-D fusion reactions in an Inertial-Electrostatic Confinement Fusion (IECF) device, which is theoretically expected to produce D-D protons and neutrons in a dense plasma core at the center. Experimental results showed an excellent agreement of a measured proton energy with the predicted one, and a strong linear correlation between neutron and proton yields, both indicating conclusively D-D fusion reactions in the IECF device. It is also found, through comparison between neutron and collimated proton yields, that more than 98 % of the fusion reactions take place outside the central core region under the present experimental conditions.
Smoothness processing of infrared image based on AMSS (2009)

The Infrared images have been applied in clinical diagnoses, but the images are noisy and blurred. Therefore the smooth processing that can keep edges is needed. Traditional smoothing methods have the common defect that they smooth not only the noise region but also the edges. AMSS (affine morphological scale space) algorithm can be used to better save the edge information, it has the Partial Differential Equation that is of morphological affine invariability and contrast invariability. The smooth processing method based on AMSS is introduced to handle the infrared image in this paper, and the better performance is obtained.