gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Developmental trajectories of EEG aperiodic and periodic components: Implications for understanding thalamocortical development during infancy (2023)

The development of neural circuits has long-lasting effects on brain function, yet our understanding of early circuit development in humans remains limited. Here, periodic EEG power features and aperiodic components were examined from longitudinal EEGs collected from 592 healthy 2-44 month-old infants, revealing age-dependent nonlinear changes suggestive of distinct milestones in early brain maturation. Consistent with the transient developmental progression of thalamocortical circuitry, we observe the presence and then absence of periodic alpha and high beta peaks across the three-year period, as well as the emergence of a low beta peak (12-20Hz) after six months of age. We present preliminary evidence that the emergence of the low beta peak is associated with higher thalamocortical-dependent, anesthesia-induced alpha coherence. Together, these findings suggest that early age-dependent changes in alpha and beta periodic peaks may reflect the state of thalamocortical network development.
Modelling the Cure of a Commercial Epoxy Resin for Applications in Resin Transfer Moulding (1996)

An analytical procedure has been developed for modelling the kinetics of the cure process of a commercial epoxy resin for resin transfer moulding (RTM) applications, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in the isothermal and dynamic modes to obtain the experimental database. The overall reaction rate of the epoxide groups with amines was determined and fitted by an autocatalytic kinetic model. An improvement of the model to allow for diffusion limitation effects results in a good agreement between experimentally determined and predicted reaction rates. A non-linear least squares regression analysis method based on Marquardt's algorithm was used to fit the DSC reaction rate data with an appropriate model and to evaluate the activation energies and the reaction orders for this particular resin system. The Di Benedetto equation was utilised to establish the relationship between conversion and glass transition temperature (Tg), required to develop the diffusion-dominated part of the model.
Combination compression and linear gain processing for digital hearing aids (2002)

Amplitude compression processing is used to reduce the amplitude level variations of speech to fit the reduced dynamic ranges of sensorineural impaired listeners. However this processing results in spectral smearing due in part to reduced peak-to-valley ratios. Presented here is a processing algorithm based on a sinusoidal speech model which preserves the important spectral peaks through a hybrid of compression and linear gain processing. Preliminary listening tests indicate that listeners with moderate losses showed marked benefit from the processing algorithm through increased detectability of high frequency information.
Mie scattering as a technique for the sizing of air bubbles (1985)

A technique has been developed which allows the radius of a bubble in a fluid to be accurately measured without disturbing the bubble. Results are presented which show that radius measurements of single air bubbles in water can be achieved by shining a He–Ne laser on the bubble and measuring the light scattered at 80°. Light intensity measurements at a scattering angle of 55° were used to calibrate a photodiode detection system and to demonstrate the correlation of data with Mie scattering theory. The photodiode was then moved to 80° for actual radius measurements. This technique was accurate to within 3% for bubbles with radii of &lt;80 μm.
Serendipitous crystallization and structure determination of cyanase (CynS) fromSerratia proteamaculans (2015)

Cyanate hydratase (CynS) catalyzes the decomposition of cyanate and bicarbonate into ammonia and carbon dioxide. Here, the serendipitous crystallization of CynS from Serratia proteamaculans (SpCynS) is reported. SpCynS was crystallized as an impurity and its identity was determined using mass-spectrometric analysis. The crystals belonged to space group P 1 and diffracted to 2.1 Å resolution. The overall structure of SpCynS is very similar to a previously determined structure of CynS from Escherichia coli . Density for a ligand bound to the SpCynS active site was observed, but could not be unambiguously identified. Additionally, glycerol molecules bound at the entry to the active site of the enzyme indicate conserved residues that might be important for the trafficking of substrates and products.
Nonlinear Electrophoresis of Colloids Controlled by Anisotropic Conductivity and Permittivity of Liquid-Crystalline Electrolyte (2017)

When a standard, isotropic electrolyte is replaced with a liquid crystal, a nonlinear mechanism of electrophoresis is introduced, and one unresolved issue is how the electrophoretic velocity depends on the crucial properties of the liquid crystal: the anisotropy of its dielectric permittivity and conductivity. The authors establish these dependencies with experiments and simulations, and demonstrate how to use them for controlled $r\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}v\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}r\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}s\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}a\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}l$ of electrokinetics, by changing either temperature or composition. This work embraces a wide range of problems, from electrokinetic phenomena and microfluidics to soft matter physics.
Optimization of the Reaction Conditions for Synthesis of 3-(Aryloxy)quinoline Derivatives via Friedländer's Cyclization Reaction (2013)

6,7-Dimethoxy-2-methyl-3-(4-nitrophenoxy)quinoline was synthesized by Friedl<TEX>$\ddot{a}$</TEX>nder's cyclization reaction. Different bases and solvents were tested in order to optimize the reaction conditions. The highest yields were obtained using piperidine in refluxing ethanol. Further reactions were carried out in order to prepare different diarylamide and diarylurea derivatives in moderate to high yields in order to examine their anticancer activities.
Cellular Uptake of Silica and Gold Nanoparticles Induces Early Activation of Nuclear Receptor NR4A1 (2022)

The approval of new nanomedicines requires a deeper understanding of the interaction between cells and nanoparticles (NPs). Silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) and gold (Au) NPs have shown great potential in biomedical applications, such as the delivery of therapeutic agents, diagnostics, and biosensors. NP-cell interaction and internalization can trigger several cellular responses, including gene expression regulation. The identification of differentially expressed genes in response to NP uptake contributes to a better understanding of the cellular processes involved, including potential side effects. We investigated gene regulation in human macrophages and lung epithelial cells after acute exposure to spherical 60 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> NPs. SiO<sub>2</sub> NPs uptake did not considerably affect gene expression in epithelial cells, whereas five genes were up-regulated in macrophages. These genes are principally related to inflammation, chemotaxis, and cell adhesion. Nuclear receptor NR4A1, an important modulator of inflammation in macrophages, was found to be up-regulated. The expression of this gene was also increased upon 1 h of macrophage exposure to spherical 50 nm AuNPs and 200 nm spherical SiO<sub>2</sub> NPs. NR4A1 can thus be an important immediate regulator of inflammation provoked by NP uptake in macrophages.
Loss-of-function genomic variants highlight potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease (2020)

Pharmaceutical drugs targeting dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) may increase the risk of fatty liver disease and other metabolic disorders. To identify potential novel CVD drug targets without these adverse effects, we perform genome-wide analyses of participants in the HUNT Study in Norway (n = 69,479) to search for protein-altering variants with beneficial impact on quantitative blood traits related to cardiovascular disease, but without detrimental impact on liver function. We identify 76 (11 previously unreported) presumed causal protein-altering variants associated with one or more CVD- or liver-related blood traits. Nine of the variants are predicted to result in loss-of-function of the protein. This includes ZNF529:p.K405X, which is associated with decreased low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (P = 1.3 × 10<sup>-8</sup>) without being associated with liver enzymes or non-fasting blood glucose. Silencing of ZNF529 in human hepatoma cells results in upregulation of LDL receptor and increased LDL uptake in the cells. This suggests that inhibition of ZNF529 or its gene product should be prioritized as a novel candidate drug target for treating dyslipidemia and associated CVD.
Two Independent Regions of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Are Important for Its Oligomerization and Telomerase Activity (2002)

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of telomerase, contains motifs conserved among reverse transcriptases. Several nucleic acid-dependent polymerases that share a "fingers, palm, and thumb substructure" were shown to oligomerize. Here we demonstrate that hTERT also has this ability using partially purified recombinant hTERTs and mammalian cells co-expressing differently tagged hTERTs. Human template RNA (hTR), by contrast, has no effect on the structural oligomerization of hTERTs. Therefore, hTERT has an intrinsic ability of oligomerization in the absence of hTR. We identified two separate regions as essential for the oligomerization. The regions, amino acids 301-538 (amino-terminal region) and amino acids 914-928 (carboxyl-terminal region), are outside the fingers and palm substructure covering motif T to D and interact with each other in vivo. A substituted mutant of hTERT, hTERT-D712A-V713I, which was reported as a dominant negative form of hTERT, bound to the wild-type hTERT and inhibited its telomerase activity transiently expressed in telomerase-negative finite normal human fibroblast. The truncated forms of hTERT containing the binding region to the wild-type hTERT partially inhibited the telomerase activity, probably by preventing the wild-type hTERT from forming an oligomer. Taken together, the oligomerization of hTERT is an important step for telomerase activity.
Protocol for Screening Water Oxidation or Reduction Electrocatalyst Activity in a Three-Electrode Cell for Alkaline Exchange Membrane Electrolysis (2022)

Accurate and reproducible screening of the electrocatalytic activity of novel materials for Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) and Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) requires establishing an easily adoptable harmonized testing protocol. Herein, we describe a robust, instrumentation-independent testing technique utilizing a three-electrode cell with a fully immersed working electrode. Compared to rotating disk electrode (RDE) techniques, this protocol produces current densities close to those obtained in real electrolyzers and eliminates the usage of the expensive RDE apparatus.
Influence of laser hardening on mechanical properties of a low alloy steel (1997)

An investigation was carried out to examine the influence of laser hardening on the mechanical properties of 300M steel. The mechanical properties(including high cycle fatigue strength) of 300M steel surfaces hardened by several conventional techniques such as shot peening, carbonitriding, and induction hardening have been compared with the mechanical properties of CO 2 laser hardened specimens. The effects of such sUlface coatings as manganese phosphate and colloidal graphite on the laser hardening were also examined. The influence of all these hardening methods on the nature and magnitude of the resulting residual stresses was studied. The results of the present investigation indicate that the induction hardening produces the largest improvement in high cycle fatigue strength. Laser hardened specimens with manganese phosphate coating also showed significant improvement in high cycle fatigue strength over untreated specimens. In contrast, the high cycle fatigue strength of the graphite coated laser treated specimens was lower than that of untreated specimens. Test results also show that laser hardening produced surface hardness comparable to that achieved by induction hardening. However, the ductility of the laser hardened specimens (both manganese phosphate and graphite coats) was significantly lower than that of the induction hardened specimens. The major problem appears to be the formation of a diffusion bonded phosphate layer on the interface of manganese phosphate coated specimens.The lower fatigue strength and ductility of the laser treated graphite coated specimens appear to be a result of surface melting. Induction hardening introduced significant amounts of compressive residual stresses into the surface of these specimens.
NGC 300 ULX1: spin evolution, super-Eddington accretion, and outflows (2019)

Abstract NGC 300 ULX1 is an ultraluminous X-ray pulsar, showing an unprecedented spin evolution, from about 126 s to less than 20 s in only 4 yr, consistent with steady mass accretion rate. Following its discovery we have been monitoring the system with Swift and NICER to further study its properties. We found that even though the observed flux of the system dropped by a factor of ≳20, the spin-up rate remained almost constant. A possible explanation is that the decrease in the observed flux is a result of increased absorption of obscuring material due to outflows or a precessing accretion disc.
Wonder, Metaphor and Fact (1988)

The unique character of the Carlylean-Novalian image reflected in the mountain passage cited above becomes even clearer when one remembers Carlyle’s sense of wonder, a word he uses often implicitly and explicitly. He had written not only of mighty glimpses into the ‘spiritual Universe’ and the possibility of ‘supernatural (really natural) influences’; he had also talked of every living man being a ‘living mystery: he walks between two Eternities and two Infinitudes’. Perhaps Carlyle’s attitude is summed up best by his statement: ‘Wonderful Universe! Were our eyes but opened, what a “secret” were it that we daily see and handle, without heed!’ (2NB, p. 142). Carlyle’s sense of wonder and his constant use of the word ‘miracle’ are connected, of course, with his emphasis on the ‘Spiritual Force’ behind the laws of Nature, and these concepts also reflect his attitude towards art. His ideas and his way of expressing them metaphorically are linked.
Isolation and characterization of Corynebacterium ulcerans from cephalic implants in macaques. (2000)

To determine the prevalence of colonization by Corynebacterium ulcerans, we cultured samples from the cephalic implant-skin margin and pharynx of 26 rhesus macaques and one pig-tailed macaque. All but one of the samples from the cephalic implants yielded a mixed population of bacteria. C. ulcerans grew from the cephalic implants in 56% and from the pharynx in 3% of the implanted animals. We screened nine of these isolates for diphtheria toxin (DT) and phospholipase D (PLD). Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) failed to identify DT in any of the tested isolates, which also lacked DT activity in Elek tests. However, all nine isolates tested had PLD toxin activity as determined by conjoint hemolysis on sheep blood agar plates in the presence of equi factor (Rhodococcus equi). In addition, PCR assays and Southern blot hybridization confirmed the presence of pld in the isolates. The role of the PLD toxin in promoting colonization of cephalic implants by C. ulcerans is unknown. We found C. ulcerans to be a frequent contaminant of the cephalic implant-skin margin. Further studies are necessary to investigate the relative clinical importance of this organism and the efficacy of various implant maintenance protocols in preventing infection.
Current views ontheaetiology andmanagement ofthe irritable bowel syndrome (1991)

Manyofthese will havethe classical 'painful variant' oftheirritable bowel syndrome (IBS) which Thompson hasdefined as thepresence ofabdominal painandaltered bowel habit (constipation ordiarrhoea orbothinalternation) intheabsence ofpositive findings onphysical investigation.2 Sixcardinal symptoms havebeen identified: abdominal painrelieved bybowel action, morefrequent orlooser stools withthe onset ofpain, visible abdominal distension, the rectal passage ofmucusandasensation ofincomplete evacuation oftherectum after defaecation.3 Thefinding ofclusters ofthese symptoms intwo independent groups ofwomendrawnfromthe community supports theexistence ofIBSasa distinct syndrome.4 Questionnaires administered tohealthy subjects haveindicated that approximately 15%havesymptoms compatible withIBS andthatmanyofthese hadneverconsulted a doctor fortheir bowel complaints.5 6Thissuggests thatpsychological andsociocultural factors play animportant part inthehelp-seeking behaviour of somepatients withIBS. Psychological factors Indeed, ahighprevalence ofpsychological symptomsandpsychoneurotic personality traits has beenidentified inIBSpatients compared tohealthy controls.7'8 Butwhencomparisons aremade between IBSsufferers whoseekmedical careand those whodonot, opinions aredivided. Welchand colleagues9 foundno psychological differences between thetwogroups butothers have shownthat the'patients' exceeded the'non-patients' intheir degree ofdepression, hypochondriasis andhysteria orintheir frequency oflearned illness behaviour.'0' Patients withIBSorlactose malabsorptionhadmorepsychological symptoms than subjects withthesamediagnosis whohadnot sought medical attention, suggesting that itisthe psychological distress whichinfluences which patient consults adoctor.'2 Furthermore, women 'non-patients' withIBSsymptoms hadnomore psychological symptoms thanasymptomatic controls.'2 Despite this bodyofevidence demonstrating
Organic Reactions in Ionic Liquids: Gewald Synthesis of 2‐Aminothiophenes Catalyzed by Ethylenediammonium Diacetate. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A novel cyclization reaction between 2,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)buta-1,3-diene and acyl chlorides with straightforward formation of polysubstituted furans (2007)

A novel cyclization process of 2,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)buta-1,3-diene with various acyl chlorides in the presence of aluminium trichloride affords 2,5-disubstituted or 2,3,5-trisubstituted furans in short reaction time; a subsequent acylation process of the furan ring occurs if the reaction time is prolonged.
The Hunter Librarian (2009)

This paper reports the evaluation of a five-month project delivering library services to support a new initiative of the University of Otago Faculty of Medicine. The Faculty has revised its undergraduate medical curriculum to place a much greater emphasis on collaborative, case-based, small group and self-directed learning, with patient contact introduced in the first week. This new curriculum demanded a different approach to space provision and a new facility, known as the Hunter Centre, opened in mid-2008 with small and large teaching rooms, study ‘pods’, computer resources room, cafeteria and social spaces – but no library. With a new curriculum and facility, a new approach to Library support was mandated. The core service consisted of a subject liaison librarian, equipped with a laptop and portable phone, without an office, working alongside students and staff in the Hunter Centre. This approach was based on the idea of an information suite (developed by the Welch Medical Library at Johns Hopkins University; see www.welch.jhu.edu/services/information_suites.html) which is a model for delivering collaborative information services from a liaison librarian; it does not include a collection of print books and journals and is not a satellite library or dedicated library space.
Long‐Term Controlled Protein Release from Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Hydrogels by Modulating Mesh Size and Degradation (2015)

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels are popular biomaterials for protein delivery to guide desirable cellular fates and tissue repair. However, long-term protein release from PEG-based hydrogels remains challenging. Here, we report a PEG-based hydrogel platform for long term protein release, which allows efficient loading of proteins via physical entrapment. Tuning hydrogel degradation led to increase in hydrogel mesh size and gradual release of protein over 60 days of with retained bioactivity. Importantly, this platform does not require the chemical modification of loaded proteins, and may serve as a versatile tool for long-term delivery of a wide range of proteins for drug-delivery and tissue-engineering applications.
ADAM17-induced signaling pathways in the liver are essentially involved in DNA-damage and HCC formation (2018)

Proteolytic release of ectodomains, a process termed ectodomain shedding, is an irreversible post-translational mechanism to regulate protein function and provide signals to neighbouring cells. A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17 is a major sheddase involved in the release of soluble growth factors like the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family and cytokines like tumour necrosis factor (TNF) α. Release of EGF family members from myeloid cells in the liver have been implicated in the control of DNA-damage and the induction of hepatocarcinogenesis. Here we addressed the question if ADAM17-induced signal pathways are involved in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Reconfigurable Reflectarrays and Array Lenses for Dynamic Antenna Beam Control: A Review (2013)

Advances in reflectarrays and array lenses with electronic beam-forming capabilities are enabling a host of new possibilities for these high-performance, low-cost antenna architectures. This paper reviews enabling technologies and topologies of reconfigurable reflectarray and array lens designs, and surveys a range of experimental implementations and achievements that have been made in this area in recent years. The paper describes the fundamental design approaches employed in realizing reconfigurable designs, and explores advanced capabilities of these nascent architectures, such as multi-band operation, polarization manipulation, frequency agility, and amplification. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing future challenges and possibilities for these antennas.
Laser Ablation of Poly(methyl methacrylate) at 266 nm (2001)

Department of Chemistry, Kyunghee University, Seoul 130-701, KoreaReceived March 27, 2001Keywords : Laser ablation, Pulsed laser deposition, Poly(methyl methacrylate).Polymer films have been deposited by diverse techniquessuch as vacuum evaporation, plasma polymerization, electro-chemical polymerization, and spin coating.