gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A purified Bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein with therapeutic activity against the hookworm parasite Ancylostoma ceylanicum (2006)

Crystal (Cry) proteins produced by the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are harmless to vertebrates, but they are highly toxic to insects and nematodes. Their value in controlling insects that destroy crops and transmit human diseases is well established. Although it has recently been demonstrated that a few individual Bt Cry proteins, such as Cry5B, are toxic to a wide range of free-living nematodes, the potential activity of purified Cry proteins against parasitic nematodes remains largely unknown. We report here studies aimed at characterizing in vitro and in vivo anthelminthic activities of purified recombinant Cry5B against the hookworm parasite Ancylostoma ceylanicum, a bloodfeeding gastrointestinal nematode for which humans are permissive hosts. By using in vitro larval development assays, Cry5B was found to be highly toxic to early stage hookworm larvae. Exposure of adult A. ceylanicum to Cry5B was also associated with significant toxicity, including a substantial reduction in egg excretion by adult female worms. To demonstrate therapeutic efficacy in vivo, hamsters infected with A. ceylanicum were treated with three daily oral doses of purified Cry5B, the benzimidazole anthelminthic mebendazole, or buffer. Compared with control (buffer-treated) animals, infected hamsters that received Cry5B showed statistically significant improvements in growth and blood hemoglobin levels as well as reduced worm burdens that were comparable to the mebendazole-treated animals. These data demonstrate that Cry5B is highly active in vitro and in vivo against a globally significant nematode parasite and that Cry5B warrants further clinical development for human and veterinary use.
The combination method for dependent evidence and its application for simultaneous faults diagnosis (2009)

This paper provides a method based on Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) for simultaneous faults diagnosis when evidence is dependent. Firstly, according to the characteristics of simultaneous faults, a frame of discernment is given for both single fault and simultaneous faults diagnosis, the DSmT combination rule applicable to simultaneous faults diagnosis is introduced. Secondly, the dependence of original evidence is classified according to three main factors in information acquisition and extraction, a method for evidence decorrelation is provided. On the other hand, the weights for measuring evidence credibility are given to modify independent evidence based on Generalized Ambiguity Measure. Next, DSmT combination rule is used to aggregate the modified evidence. Finally, an example of rotor faults diagnosis is given to illustrate effectiveness of the proposed method.
In Situ Preparation and Glucose Sensing Property of Ternary NiO/Ni/C Microspheres (2017)

秦冬昱 1, 2 , 何晓龙 1 , 聂秋林 1 , 殷好勇 1 , 袁求理 2 (杭州电子科技大学 1. 材料与环境工程学院; 2. 理学院, 杭州 310018)射线光谱(EDS) 和拉曼(Raman)等手段, 分析 NiO/Ni/C 微球三元复合材料的形貌结构以及物相组成。结果表明: NiO/Ni/C 微球为 珊瑚花状结构, 直径约 1.7 μm, Ni、NiO 呈立方相。通过循环伏安法和计时电流法研究了 NiO/Ni/C 微球三元复 合材料的电化学行为及葡萄糖传感性能。当 Ni/NiO 摩尔比为 0.19 时, 形成的 NiO/Ni/C 三元复合微球具有优异 的葡萄糖传感性能, 其灵敏度为 241.09 μA•mmol/(L•cm 2 ), 线性响应范围为 10 μmol/L~5.05mmol/L, 最低检测限
Specifying Database Designs (2007)

In this chapter, we’ll give a demonstration of how you can formally specify a database design. Formalizing a database design specification has the advantage of avoiding any ambiguity in the documentation of not only the database structure but, even more importantly, of all involved data integrity constraints.KeywordsDatabase StateDatabase DesignMonthly SalaryTable StructureTable ConstraintThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Self-assembly of 1,4-cis-polybutadiene and an aromatic host to fabricate nanostructured crystals by CH⋯π interactions (2010)

Self-assembled supramolecular crystals fabricated by solvent-free mechanochemical treatments of a crystalline host and a rubbery polymer are stabilized by cooperative CH⋯π interactions as revealed by 1H fast-MAS and 2D solid state NMR.
Emerging Forms of Formative Intervention Research in Education (2014)

This article focuses on emerging forms of formative intervention research in educational settings in the United States. The examples presented share three key features with cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) formative intervention research: (a) a focus on historically accumulating structural tensions within and across activity systems, (b) use of double-stimulation as a method of intervention, and (c) expanding agency as the object of intervention. The examples differ from CHAT approaches in that they employ theories and tools from research on subject-matter learning and organizations. In presenting these examples, I aim to renew dialogue between CHAT researchers and learning scientists about intervention research.
El Frayle: el personaje mejor dotado para la interlocución, en la Farsa del matrimonio (2001)

Es de particular interés analizar esta farsa que es una de las más complejas en el teatro de Diego Sánchez, a la vez por el número de personajes utilizados y por la flexibilidad alcanzada en el diálogo. Es quizás la farsa más representada y leída en el teatro de nuestro dramaturgo, por no limitarse a una fiesta determinada del calendario litúrgico. A buen seguro se habrá representado en muchas bodas, como lo sugieren las numerosas ediciones sueltas posteriores a la versión que figura en la Re...
Rôle de l’échoendoscopie dans le diagnostic de la pancréatique chronique (2000)

La haute résolution apportée par l’échoendoscopie permet d’analyser avec précision les signes parenchymateux (hétérogénéité, calcifications, kytes) et canalaires (dilatation, paroi hyperéchogène, irrégularité) spécifiques de pancréatite chronique calcifiante. L’association de ces deux types de signes permet un diagnostic fiable de pancreéatite chronique au début, c’est-à un stade non calcifié. A ce stade de la maladie, l’échoendoscopie peut donc remplacer la cholangiopancréatographie rétrograde per-endoscopique. Cette dernière sera par contre plus utile que l’échoendoscopie à un stade avancé de la pancréatite chronique où les problèmes thérapeutiques éventuels se posent plus que les problèmes de diagnostic positif. Malgré ses performances, l’échoendoscopie fait difficielement la différence entre et pancréatite chronique dans sa forme pseudo-tumorale. L’avenir sera peut être, dans ces cas difficiles, à la ponction guidée sous échoendoscopie.
Induction and expression of cell-mediated immune responses in inbred mice infected with Coccidioides immitis (1988)

Comparisons of the course of coccidioidomycosis in two strains of inbred mice established that BALB/c mice are significantly more susceptible to pulmonary infection with Coccidioides immitis than are DBA/2 mice. The susceptibility of BALB/c mice does not reside in their inability to mount a delayed-type hypersensitivity response to C. immitis antigen. That is, BALB/c mice manifested footpad hypersensitivity to coccidioidin early during the course of disease, to a level comparable to that of DBA/2 mice. In contrast to the more resistant DBA/2 mouse strain, however, BALB/c mice developed anergy by day 15 postinfection. Suppression of the delayed-type hypersensitivity response was not specific for C. immitis antigen, as evidenced by the finding that BALB/c mice immunized with mycobacterial purified protein derivative prior to infection with C. immitis were suppressed in their footpad response to mycobacterial antigen at day 15 postinfection. Taken together, these results establish that genetically determined susceptibility to this fungus is associated with an acquired suppression of cell-mediated immune reactivity.
Thick Grating (2016)

This paper presents quantities, terminology, and symbols of terms related to photothermal phenomena and used in photothermal and related spectroscopies. The terms used in the literature to describe photothermal phenomena and methods are reviewed, and a glossary of terms is given. The origins of photothermal phenomena, as well as the relations among various photothermal effects, are summarized. The listed terms cover the terminology in transient grating, transient lens, photoacoustic spectroscopy, photothermal radiometry, calorimetry, interferometry, deflection, reflection, and other related spectroscopies, which use or are related to photothermal effects.
Origin of emission energy blue shift in a 1.3 /spl mu/m GaAsSb type-II quantum well (2001)

Summary form only given. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) gain structures that can be epitaxially grown on GaAs substrates are of particular interest. One such system is the type-II GaAsSb/GaInAs/GaAs quantum well structure. For this gain structure, experiments found significant increase in the optical emission peak energy with increasing excitation. This blue shift is a serious concern because it is detrimental to long wavelength operation.This paper describes experimental and theoretical investigations of the significant blue shift of the emission peak with increasing injection current in a type-II quantum well. We find the blue shift to depend on the interplay of the competing effects of type-II quantum confinement, and the resulting Coulomb attraction and band distortion.
Identification of a Small Molecule Inhibitor of Importin β Mediated Nuclear Import by Confocal On-Bead Screening of Tagged One-Bead One-Compound Libraries (2010)

In eukaryotic cells, proteins and RNAs are transported between the nucleus and the cytoplasm by nuclear import and export receptors. Over the past decade, small molecules that inhibit the nuclear export receptor CRM1 have been identified, most notably leptomycin B. However, up to now no small molecule inhibitors of nuclear import have been described. Here we have used our automated confocal nanoscanning and bead picking method (CONA) for on-bead screening of a one-bead one-compound library to identify the first such import inhibitor, karyostatin 1A. Karyostatin 1A binds importin β with high nanomolar affinity and specifically inhibits importin α/β mediated nuclear import at low micromolar concentrations in vitro and in living cells, without perturbing transportin mediated nuclear import or CRM1 mediated nuclear export. Surface plasmon resonance binding experiments suggest that karyostatin 1A acts by disrupting the interaction between importin β and the GTPase Ran. As a selective inhibitor of the importin α/β import pathway, karyostatin 1A will provide a valuable tool for future studies of nucleocytoplasmic trafficking.
Inhibition of Superoxide Generation from Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase by Heat Shock Protein 90:  Implications in NOS Regulation (2002)

Besides NO, neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) also produces superoxide (O(2)(-.) at low levels of L-arginine. Recently, heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) was shown to facilitate NO synthesis from eNOS and nNOS. However, the effect of hsp90 on the O(2)(-.) generation from NOS has not been determined yet. The interrelationship between its effects on O(2)(-.) and NO generation from NOS is also unclear. Therefore, we performed electron paramagnetic resonance measurements of O(2)(-.) generation from nNOS to study the effect of hsp90. Purified rat nNOS generated strong O(2)(-.) signals in the absence of L-arginine. In contrast to its effect on NO synthesis, hsp90 dose-dependently inhibited O(2)(-.) generation from nNOS with an IC(50) of 658 nM. This inhibition was not due to O(2)(-.) scavenging because hsp90 did not affect the O(2)(-.) generated by xanthine oxidase. At lower levels of L-arginine where marked O(2)(-.) generation occurred, hsp90 caused a more dramatic enhancement of NO synthesis from nNOS as compared to that under normal L-arginine. Significant O(2)(-.) production was detected from nNOS even at intracellular levels of L-arginine. Adding hsp90 prevented this O(2)(-.) production, leading to enhanced nNOS activity. Thus, these results demonstrated that hsp90 directly inhibited O(2)(-.) generation from nNOS. Inhibition of O(2)(-.) generation may be an important mechanism by which hsp90 enhances NO synthesis from NOS.
Supplementary Methods from Discrete Adaptive Responses to MEK Inhibitor in Subpopulations of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Table S2 from Genomic Aberrations and Late Recurrence in Postmenopausal Women with Hormone Receptor–positive Early Breast Cancer: Results from the SOLE Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Distribution of mutations identified in the genes targeted for mutation (SNV) analysis according to tumor subtypes.&lt;/p&gt;
Differential effects of interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta on human peripheral blood eosinophils (1989)

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a major role in the response to infection, inflammation, and immunological challenge. Eosinophils participate in the host response to parasitic infection and allergic and hypersensitivity diseases. The role of IL-1 in these disease states has not been extensively explored. We have reported that purified human monocyte derived IL-1 (mIL-1), a mixture of the two IL-1 forms but predominantly consisting of IL-1 beta, modulates eosinophil oxidative metabolism and enzyme secretion. Although the two major species of IL-1 (IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta) have identical specific activities on T cells, we now report the selective effects of human recombinant IL-1 (hrIL-1) alpha and hrIL-1 beta on eosinophil function. Whereas hrIL-1 beta caused a significant increase in arylsulfatase secretion (235.4 +/- 29% of resting secretion, P less than or equal to .01) and beta- glucuronidase secretion (135.8 +/- 9.6% of resting secretion, P less than or equal to .02) similar to our experience with mIL-1, hrIL-1 alpha had no effect on enzyme secretion. However, a mixture of hrIL-1 alpha and hrIL-1 beta reproduced the ability of mIL-1 to inhibit the oxidative response to suboptimal doses of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). When eosinophils were separated into subpopulations by density gradients, we found that eosinophil responses to IL-1 differed among the populations. These results suggest that eosinophil subpopulations respond selectively to each form of IL-1.
Age disparities in the trend of colorectal cancer incidence in California. (2013)

e12528 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence has decreased over the past three decades, due in part to screening for pre-malignant polyps. Relatively little is known about CRC incidence among adults under age 50 (when screening recommendations commence for average-risk individuals). We examined CRC incidence trends with a focus on adults under age 50, in order to identify high-risk subgroups. Methods: 231,544 incident CRC cases (including 21,220 adults &lt;50) from the California Cancer Registry from 1988-2009 were analyzed. We assessed age-specific incidence rates by race/ethnic group, gender, and tumor location within the colorectum, and calculated annual percent change (APC) to monitor change in incidence over the 21-year study period. Results: We observed increased CRC incidence rates in the adult population under age 50 in all examined race/ethnic groups, especially in Hispanic males (APC=+7.5%/p=0.0001) and Caucasian females (APC=+6.5%/p&lt;0.0001). Young individuals were also more likely to present with metastatic disease at diagnosis. Overall, African Americans had the highest overall incidence rates and were most likely to present with metastatic disease compared to other groups. Conclusions: Incidence of CRC in adults under 50 is increasing across all race/ethnic groups. The high frequency of metastatic disease at initial presentation in this age group is particularly concerning. However, a considerable limitation of this analysis is the lack of data on family history of CRC. Our observations highlight the importance of identifying at-risk adults under age 50, especially those in higher-risk race/ethnic groups, with the overarching goal of decreasing the burden of CRC through screening and early detection.
Effect of disodium cromoglycate on antigen-evoked histamine release from human skin. (1974)

The effect of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) on antigen-evoked histamine release from IgE-sensitized human skin in vitro has been studied using breast skin from six donors. Concentrations of DSCG ranging from 10–200 μM did not produce any consistent effect on histamine release, the results ranging from moderate inhibition to moderate enhancement. With higher concentrations of DSCG (400–500 μM) enhancement of release occurred in nearly all experiments. Variation of antigen concentration did not modify the response to DSCG. These results do not support the possibility that DSCG may be effective in the treatment of immediate hypersensitivity reactions in human skin.
THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF EX-VIVO LUNG PERFUSION (2022)

A current limiting factor within the field of lung transplantation is the availability of viable donor lungs to meet the increasing recipient demand. Exvivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is a novel technology which involves the active ventilation of lungs in a physiologic-like environment outside of the body. During EVLP, high risk donor lungs can be assessed, treated and repaired prior to transplantation. Indeed, many transplant centers have now reported comparable outcomes of using these extended criteria lungs to conventional donors through the use of EVLP. Pre-clinical studies and case reports have demonstrated EVLP as an ideal intervention for targeted therapeutics to address donor-related complications such as infection, pulmonary emboli, and aspiration-injury. In addition, increasing evidence has been put forth demonstrating that EVLP usage can extend the total length of pulmonary preservation, which may serve a variety of clinical purposes.
Abstract 12521: Assessing Arrhythmia Burden After Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation by a Subcutaneous Implantable Loop Recorder: ABACUS Study (2011)

Introduction Arrhythmia monitoring in patients (pts) undergoing atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation remains challenging. Holter and trans-telephonic monitors (TTMs) are cumbersome to use and provide ...
P4 Inhibition of thromboplastin activity by the C-terminal of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) (1996)

Gleeson, A. M.; Ettelaie, C.; Wilbourn, B. R.; James, N. J.; Adam, J. M.; Bruckdorfer, K. R. Author Information
Usability Evaluation Framework for Ubiquitous Computing Device (2008)

With the development of electronic engineering technology, diversifications of devices are being created. Moreover, computing machines are more accessible and with the development of communication technology, entrance of new products related with ubiquitous paradigm are appearing. Ubiquitous computing device are connected within it, and they are convergence. Consequently, there is need of new methodology of device evaluation. In this paper, by collecting and integrating the current usability factor and ubiquitous characteristic factors, ubiquitous evaluation factors are derived. Usability evaluation of each part of the ubiquitous device, decomposition is performed. It is able to obtain the evaluation score of the device components from usability evaluation and score of the evaluation done in each usability factor. This framework is developed by Web-based system allowing real product evaluation, and making comparison of the usability evaluation score obtained. Though this framework, usability test on ubiquitous device is simplified and systematized.
Following Tracks of Hemichannels (2003)

It has been suggested that plasma membrane-bound hemichannels perform physiological and pathophysiological functions per se. Such functions require the presence of hemichannels on the cell surface and their accessibility to the extracellular environment for at least some limited period of time. We have previously shown that hemichannels can be labeled by means of antibodies directed to an external loop domain of connexin (Cx) 43. We now provide evidence that trafficking of hemichannel vesicles can be visualized upon binding of a labeled homophilic peptide corresponding to a region of the first extracellular loop (EL1) of Cx43. In vivo imaging was performed after labeling hemichannels from the extracellular site with a mimetic peptide tagged with a fluorochrome (Alexa-546). Using a Cx43-CFP transfected HeLa cell line for incubation with the mimetic peptide, a significant number of double-labeled vesicles were found inside the cells. This double labeling indicates that a portion of Cx43 within the cell had accessed the cell surface as hemichannels where it bound to the peptide and was subsequently endocytosed. Pulse labeling with the peptide showed a decrease in the number of dual-labeled vesicles over time, indicating degradation and/or concurrent recycling of hemichannel vesicles.
Nonlinear time-series analysis with non-singleton fuzzy logic systems (2002)

We initiate an investigation of the use of nonsingleton fuzzy logic systems (NSFLSs) in forecasting of financial markets. The abilities of NSFLSs to approximate arbitrary functions, and to effectively deal with noise and uncertainty, are used to analyze several time series. First we show how to construct NSFLSs and train them using recursive least squares, or backpropagation. Then we use them to build predictive models of discrete and continuous chaotic time series corrupted by additive noise. Finally, we present an example of how NSFLSs can be used to produce predicted estimates of future values of commodities, and baseline our results with linear regression. Our NSFLS outperforms the linear regression results.
An intelligent fault diagnosis framework for raw vibration signals: adaptive overlapping convolutional neural network (2018)

Intelligent fault diagnosis methods are promising in dealing with mechanical big data owing to their efficiency in extracting representative features. However, there is always an undesirable shift variant property embedded in raw vibration signals, which hinders the direct use of raw signals in fault diagnosis networks. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is a widely used and efficient method to extract features in various fields for its excellent sparse connectivity, equivalent representation and weight sharing properties. However, raw CNN is time-consuming and has a marginal problem. Heuristically, we construct a fault diagnosis framework called adaptive overlapping CNN (AOCNN) to deal with one dimension (1D) raw vibration signals directly. The shift variant problem is dealt with by the adaptive convolutional layer and the root-mean-square (RMS) pooling layer, and the marginal problem embedded in the CNN is relieved by employing the overlapping layer. Meanwhile, the AOCNN is also characterized by adopting different convolutional strides and diverse activation functions in feature extraction network training and usage. Furthermore, sparse filtering is embedded into the AOCNN, and experiments on a bearing dataset and a gearbox dataset are conducted to verify the validity of the proposed method separately. When compared with other state-of-the-art methods this method reveals its superiority.
Reflectometry-based wavelength scanning interferometry for thickness measurements of very thin wafers (2010)

With the development of microelectronics, the demand for silicon wafers is greatly increased for various purposes, especially the use of thin wafers for smart cards, cellular phones and stacked packages. In this paper, we describe an innovative scheme of combining wavelength scanning interferometry (4 nm tuning range centered at 1550 nm) with spectroscopic reflectometry that enables us to measure the thickness profile of thin wafers below 100 microm with high thickness resolution. The performance of this method is compared with that of an existing technique and verified by measuring several thin wafers.