gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Myosin Va molecular motors manoeuvre liposome cargo through suspended actin filament intersections in vitro (2017)

Intracellular cargo transport relies on myosin Va molecular motor ensembles to travel along the cell's three-dimensional (3D) highway of actin filaments. At actin filament intersections, the intersecting filament is a structural barrier to and an alternate track for directed cargo transport. Here we use 3D super-resolution fluorescence imaging to determine the directional outcome (that is, continues straight, turns or terminates) for an ∼10 motor ensemble transporting a 350 nm lipid-bound cargo that encounters a suspended 3D actin filament intersection in vitro. Motor-cargo complexes that interact with the intersecting filament go straight through the intersection 62% of the time, nearly twice that for turning. To explain this, we develop an in silico model, supported by optical trapping data, suggesting that the motors' diffusive movements on the vesicle surface and the extent of their engagement with the two intersecting actin tracks biases the motor-cargo complex on average to go straight through the intersection.
The skip quadtree (2005)

We present a new multi-dimensional data structure, which we call the skip quadtree (for point data in R2) or the skip octree (for point data in Rd, with constant d > 2). Our data structure combines the best features of two well-known data structures, in that it has the well-defined "box"-shaped regions of region quadtrees and the logarithmic-height search and update hierarchical structure of skip lists. Indeed, the bottom level of our structure is exactly a region quadtree (or octree for higher dimensional data). We describe efficient algorithms for inserting and deleting points in a skip quadtree, as well as fast methods for performing point location, approximate range, and approximate nearest neighbor queries.
The guanine exchange factor SWAP70 mediates vGPCR-induced endothelial plasticity (2015)

SWAP70 appears to act as a molecular intermediate between vGPCR and endothelial activation. Because of the important role of vGPCR-mediated endothelial plasticity in KS pathogenesis, inhibition of SWAP70 function could be of interest for blocking vGPCR-driven activities in HHV8-defined diseases.
Measurements and analyses of the distribution of the radioactivity induced by the secondary neutrons produced by 17-MeV protons in compact cyclotron facility (2017)

Measurements of reaction rates by secondary neutrons produced from beam losses by 17-MeV protons are conducted at a compact cyclotron facility with the foil activation method. The experimentally obtained distribution of the reaction rates of 197Au (n, γ) 198Au on the concrete walls suggests that a target and an electrostatic deflector as machine components for beam extraction of the compact cyclotron are principal beam loss points. The measurements are compared with calculations by the Monte Carlo code: PHITS. The calculated results based on the beam losses are good agreements with the measured ones within 21%. In this compact cyclotron facility, exponential attenuations with the distance from the electrostatic deflector in the distributions of the measured reaction rates were observed, which was looser than that by the inverse square of distance.
Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) in Malaysia: An observational clinical study (2017)

BackgroundMethadone is widely used to treat opiate addiction, in particular heroin.Proper administration via drug optimisation is the only way to achieve net clinical outcomes. AimsThis is an observational cross-sectional study, sought to observe the clinical response to a methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) program. MethodsSetting: Four treatment clinics in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Patients and methods: One-hundred and twenty-two methadone patients.Their demographic characteristics, medical history, methadone doses, duration in the program, and compliance rates were recorded.Main outcome measures: The opiate withdrawal scale was used to assess the severity of withdrawal symptoms. ResultsThe mean methadone dose was 50mg (range, 20-160mg).The minimum recorded duration in the MMT program was three months, the maximum was 40 months, and the mean was seven months.90 per cent of the patients were addicted to multiple substances; of those, 70 per cent were addicted to three or more substances.Many patients reported cravings and seeking behaviours while on methadone. ConclusionGradual increments in methadone doses are relatively safe, but patients should be monitored daily.Doses should be increased to control withdrawal symptoms.Despite optimal dosing, cravings and drug-seeking behaviours may not be controlled in some patients, and an alternative to methadone may be an option.
Conversion of the Native N-Terminal Domain of TDP-43 into a Monomeric Alternative Fold with Lower Aggregation Propensity (2022)

TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) forms intraneuronal cytoplasmic inclusions associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Its N-terminal domain (NTD) can dimerise/oligomerise with the head-to-tail arrangement, which is essential for function but also favours liquid-liquid phase separation and inclusion formation of full-length TDP-43. Using various biophysical approaches, we identified an alternative conformational state of NTD in the presence of Sulfobetaine 3-10 (SB3-10), with higher content of α-helical structure and tryptophan solvent exposure. NMR shows a highly mobile structure, with partially folded regions and β-sheet content decrease, with a concomitant increase of α-helical structure. It is monomeric and reverts to native oligomeric NTD upon SB3-10 dilution. The equilibrium GdnHCl-induced denaturation shows a cooperative folding and a somewhat lower conformational stability. When the aggregation processes were compared with and without pre-incubation with SB3-10, but at the identical final SB3-10 concentration, a slower aggregation was found in the former case, despite the reversible attainment of the native conformation in both cases. This was attributed to protein monomerization and oligomeric seeds disruption by the conditions promoting the alternative conformation. Overall, the results show a high plasticity of TDP-43 NTD and identify strategies to monomerise TDP-43 NTD for methodological and biomedical applications.
Collecting and processing of crowd behaviour data by the use of cell phone data (2011)

The MOVE project focuses on the collection and analyses of crowd behavior data. The two main goals of the project are first, the collection of data through mobile phones. The second goal is to develop new technologies to process and mine the collected data for crowd behaviour analysis. The technology will allow to make advanced interpretations of historic and dynamic mobile crowd data coming from GSM/GPS and from different classes of users (vehicle, pedestrian, indoor/outdoor). Fusion will be made between data coming from different sources (smartphone, navigation device) and external map data. The interpretation will allow the mining of advanced features/geometry from the crowd data as well as interprete the dynamic behaviour of the population.
A Randomized Trial of 72- Versus 24-Hour Intravenous Tubing Set Changes in Newborns Receiving Lipid Therapy (1999)

Microbial contamination of infusion sets is significantly more frequent with 72- than with 24-hour set changes in neonates receiving lipid solutions. This may be associated with an increased mortality rate.
NetSlices (2012)

Modern commodity operating systems do not provide developers with user-space abstractions for building high-speed packet processing applications. The conventional raw socket is inefficient and unable to take advantage of the emerging hardware, like multi-core processors and multi-queue network adapters. In this paper we present the NetSlice operating system abstraction. Unlike the conventional raw socket, NetSlice tightly couples the hardware and software packet processing resources, and provides the application with control over these resources. To reduce shared resource contention, NetSlice performs domain specific, coarse-grained, spatial partitioning of CPU cores, memory, and NICs. Moreover, it provides a streamlined communication channel between NICs and user-space. Although backward compatible with the conventional socket API, the NetSlice API also provides batched (multi-) send / receive operations to amortize the cost of protection domain crossings. We show that complex user-space packet processors---like a protocol accelerator and an IPsec gateway---built from commodity components can scale linearly with the number of cores and operate at 10Gbps network line speeds.
Size control of the inner ear via hydraulic feedback (2019)

This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see decision letter).
Simultaneous parametric oscillation and signal-to-idler conversion for efficient downconversion (2010)

We experimentally demonstrate an optical parametric oscillator, whose signal pumps another difference-frequency generation process. Engineered idler frequency coincidence of both processes in a single quasiperiodic crystal improves pump-to-idler slope efficiency by 52.8%, from 15.25% to 23.3%, and pump-to-idler conversion efficiency (at an average pump power of 1.2 W) by 16.6%, from 12.5% to 14.58%.
A Cyclic Carbazole Oligomer for Electroluminescence Applications (1998)

Abstract A novel cyclic carbazole oligomer, which contains the EL chromophore in the main-chain, for organic light-emitting diodes is described. The device structure of glass substrate/indium tin oxide/hole transport layer/cyclic oligomer (electron transport layer)/Al was employed. The EL device exhibited green light with a luminance of 60 cd/m2 at 15 V.
Multiple applications of the light addressable potentiometric sensor (2003)

Summary form only given. The light-addressable potentiometric sensor has been used to perform a variety of fundamentally different types of measurements. This versatility is primarily a function of the mechanical configuration of the sensor. Various mechanical configurations are discussed, including flow chambers, porous membrane contact sensors, and compartmentalized sensors for measuring electrical properties of lipid bilayer membranes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Unequal Partners: Power Relations, Devolution and Development in Uttar Pradesh (1999)

Devolution and Village Democracy Land, Politics, People Diversity and Change An Introduction to the Fieldwork Areas Dominance Land, Caste and Power Dependence, Contradiction and Resistance Panchayat Councils, Leadership and Co-option Panchayats, Development and Poverty Alleviation The Development Priorities from Below Conclusion Devolution and Accountability
Refractive lenticule extraction small incision lenticule extraction: A new refractive surgery paradigm (2017)

Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), a variant of refractive lenticule extraction technology is becoming increasingly popular, as a flapless and minimally invasive form of laser vision correction (LVC) for the treatment of myopia and myopic astigmatism. This review aims at summarizing the principles, surgical technique, and clinical outcomes in terms of visual and refractive results, safety, efficacy, postoperative dry eye, aberrations, and biomechanics of SMILE and its comparison with other conventional techniques of LVC, such as laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Recent advancements in the laser frequency and energy delivery patterns, instrumentation, and surgical techniques have shown significant improvement in the visual recovery and outcomes after SMILE, compared to the initial results published by Sekundo and Shah et al. Most of the recently published literature on long-term outcomes of SMILE shows excellent stability of the procedure, especially for higher myopia. In terms of the postoperative dry eye, SMILE shows a clear advantage over LASIK as numerous studies have shown significant differences about the Schirmer's, Tear film break up time, corneal sensitivity, and corneal nerve regeneration to be better following SMILE compared to LASIK. There is some evidence that since the Bowman's membrane (BM) and the anterior lamellae remain intact after SMILE, this may be a potential advantage for corneal biomechanics over LASIK and PRK where the BM is either severed or ablated, respectively, however, the data on biomechanics are inconclusive at present. Overall, this procedure has proved to be promising, delivering equivalent, or better visual and refractive results to LASIK and providing clear advantage in terms of being a flapless, minimally invasive procedure with minimal pain and postoperative discomfort thus offering high patient satisfaction.
Chemoprevention of mammary carcinoma by LGD1069 (Targretin): an RXR-selective ligand. (1996)

Recently, 9-cis retinoic acid, a high affinity ligand for retinoic acid receptors and retinoid X-receptors (RXRs), was shown to have efficacy superior to all-trans retinoic acid as a chemopreventive agent in the N-nitroso-N-methylurea-induced rat mammary carcinoma model. To further explore the specific contribution RXR activation may play in suppression of carcinogenesis, the efficacy of LGD1069 (Targretin), an RXR-selective ligand, in the N-nitroso-N-methylurea-induced rat mammary tumor model was studied. LGD1069-treated animals showed a 90% reduction in tumor burden and tumor incidence compared with vehicle-treated rats with an efficacy similar to that achieved with tamoxifen. LGD1069 was very well tolerated during 13 weeks of chronic therapy with no classic signs of "retinoid-associated" toxicities. These data demonstrate that LGD1069, an RXR-selective ligand, can act as a highly effective and benign chemopreventive agent for mammary carcinoma.
Phosphorylation of p53 on Key Serines Is Dispensable for Transcriptional Activation and Apoptosis (2004)

The p53 tumor suppressor is a key mediator of the cellular response to stress. Phosphorylation induced by multiple stress-activated kinases has been proposed to be essential for p53 stabilization, interaction with transcriptional co-activators, and activation of p53 target genes. However, genetic studies suggest that stress-activated phosphorylation may not be essential for p53 activation. We therefore investigated the role of p53 phosphorylation on six key serine residues (Ser(6), Ser(15), Ser(20), Ser(37), Ser(46), and Ser(392)) for p53 activation using nutlin-3, a recently developed small molecule MDM2 antagonist. We show here that nutlin does not induce the phosphorylation of p53. Comparison of the activity of unphosphorylated and phosphorylated p53 induced by the genotoxic drugs doxorubicin and etoposide in HCT116 and RKO cells revealed no difference in their sequence-specific DNA binding and ability to transactivate p53 target genes and to induce p53-dependent apoptosis. We conclude that p53 phosphorylation on six major serine sites is not required for activation of p53 target genes or biological responses in vivo.
Comparison of oxidation methods for magnetic tunnel junction material (2000)

Advances in reducing the resistance and enhancing the magnetoresistance (MR%) of the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) material has made it useful for magnetoresistive random access memory as well as magnetic field sensing applications. One of the most important aspects for producing the MTJ material is the method used for forming the tunnel barrier, and its impact on the properties of MTJ such as resistance and area product (RA), MR%, and RA uniformity across a large area. We have explored forming the aluminum oxide tunnel barrier with air; reactive sputtering; plasma oxidation with plasma source; plasma oxidation with power introduced from the target side; and plasma oxidation with power introduced from the substrate side. Our results show that all techniques can be made to work. Plasma oxidation is favored due to its simplicity and manufacturing compatibility. It was also discovered that different oxidation methods used in this study caused little difference in MTJ resistance uniformity. The latter is mainly determined by the Al metal-thickness uniformity. Modeling based on Simmons’ theory supports our experimental finding. This illustrates the importance in improving Al metal-film uniformity for producing MTJ with ultra-uniform resistance.
Mammalian Target of Rapamycin as a Rational Therapeutic Target for Breast Cancer Treatment (2012)

Therapies directed at endocrine receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 are important treatment options for patients with breast cancer; however, drug resistance and subsequent disease progression in patients with advanced disease is inevitable. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of cell growth and proliferation implicated in the cellular processes that lead to the uncontrolled growth of cancer cells. Hence, overactivation of the mTOR pathway may also represent a key process in the development of resistance to these therapies, and interrupting this signaling cascade may alleviate resistance and help restore drug sensitivity. A number of agents that target the mTOR pathway have shown potent antitumorigenic effects in vitro, and several agents have also shown promise in treating patients with breast cancer. Everolimus and temsirolimus are the most clinically advanced agents in this class, with recent data from the BOLERO-2 study indicating significant benefit associated with everolimus when added to endocrine therapy in patients with endocrine therapy-resistant disease. In this review, we consider the translation of mTOR inhibitors from laboratory studies to large clinical trials, driven by a rational understanding of the role of mTOR in the processes that underlie breast cancer tumorigenesis.
Chemistry of Aliphatic Disulfides. X. Studies on the Mechanism of the Alkoxide Cleavage of 1,6-Diphenyl-3,4-dithia-1,6-hexanedione1,2 (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of Aliphatic Disulfides. X. Studies on the Mechanism of the Alkoxide Cleavage of 1,6-Diphenyl-3,4-dithia-1,6-hexanedione1,2Richard G. Hiskey, John A. Kepler, and Brantley D. ThomasCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 12, 3684–3687Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01035a062https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01035a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views54Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Immunohistochemical Localization of Testin in the Female Reproductive System of the Rat is Consistent with its Involvement in the Turnover of Specialized Junctional Complexes1 (1997)

The distribution of testin in the female reproductive system of rats throughout the estrous cycle was examined immunohistochemically. In ovarian follicles, immunostainable testin was localized at the junctions between adjacent granulosa cells. During follicular development, immunostainable testin surrounding the granulosa cells increased in every follicle but was reduced drastically when the follicle was undergoing atresia. Testin was also found in the junctions between adjacent germinal epithelial cells that covered the surface of the ovary, at the lower or the lower lateral borders of each cell. In the uterus and oviduct, immunostainable testin was detected only in the luminal and glandular epithelium, where it formed a polygonal network encircling the apical border of the epithelial cells. During the estrous cycle, there was no drastic change in the distribution of testin in the epithelial cells of the ovary. In the vaginal mucosa, testin was found to be localized only at the junction of the epithelial cells on the surface layer of the stratified epithelium; at different stages of the estrous cycle, distinctive staining for testin could be found at proestrus, metestrus, and diestrus, but not at estrus. It is postulated that testin is a cell junction-associated protein in the female reproductive system.
Multiresolution decomposition and adaptive filtering with rank order based filters-application to defect detection (1991)

A class of nonlinear filters called rank order based filters, including, as special cases, rank order and morphological (with flat structuring element) filters, are dealt with. How they achieve size-sensitive multiresolution decompositions is described. The necessity of a special processing stage dedicated to shape preservation is shown, and a solution is proposed. The problem of filter mask (or structuring element) optimization to minimize a statistical criterion is also studied. The proposed algorithms are very simple, and their derivation is performed by using an implicit formulation of the filtering process. Both techniques are applied to a practical defect detection problem.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Rotavirus shedding in symptomatic and asymptomatic children using reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR (2013)

Reverse transcription-real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for the VP6 gene was used to study group A rotavirus shedding in children with symptomatic and asymptomatic rotavirus infection. Sequential stool samples (n = 345) from 10 children with rotavirus associated diarrhea and from five children (n = 161) with asymptomatic rotavirus infection were collected over a period of 2 months. A RT-qPCR assay on the samples using a rotavirus VP6 plasmid standard demonstrated high reproducibility, with an inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.40-2.97% and an intra-assay CV of 0.03-3.03%. The median duration of shedding was longer in children with diarrhea compared to asymptomatic children (24 days vs. 18 days; P = 0.066). The median quantitation cycle (C(q)) at presentation in symptomatic children was 17.21 compared to 30.98 in asymptomatic children (P = 0.086). The temporal pattern in symptomatic children consisted of a high initial viral shedding coinciding with the duration of diarrhea, followed by a rapid fall, and then a small increase in secondary shedding 21 days later. Compared to children with rotavirus diarrhea, those with asymptomatic infection shed lower quantities of virus throughout the observation period. No difference was noted between the G and P genotypes of samples collected at onset of infection and during the shedding period. Shedding was intermittent in a subset of children in both groups. RT-qPCR is a useful method to characterize shedding patterns.