gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Online game props recommendation with real assessments (2016)

With the rapid development of smart mobile devices, phone games become an important way of entertainments. Benefitting from sophisticated payment environments of mobile platforms, e.g., Apple APP store, the In-APP purchases which sell equipments or virtual props bring in the main profits for game carriers and developers. Although virtual props from a certain type of smart phone game are monopolized by only one seller, like other commodities, products’ recommendation is able to improve the profit margins as well. One main difference between virtual props recommendation and the general good recommendations lies in that the virtual props are closely related to the game contexts, and this will lead to complicated dependencies. Therefore, general recommendation systems without consideration on game contexts cannot perform very well. Besides, multiple types of props in one game may depend on different game characters of players, thus single player trends to buy only appropriate props for improving the skills of his game characters. Moreover, the purchase intensions of players are influenced by multiple factors, and will change over time. Therefore, it is desired recommendation approach to be capable of handling the role dependencies and concept variations. In this paper, we treat the game contexts as events from game log records, and model the game props recommendation into a multi-instance multi-label learning task for utilizing the complicated dependencies and capturing the rank of purchase intentions. We proposed three variants of solutions against the concept variation problem as well. Finally, we conduct comprehensive empirical investigations on real-world data sets and a series of real online smart phone games. The positive experiment results and increasing profit margins validate the remarkable effectiveness of our solutions.
PAPER 151: THE AOA RESIDENT LEADERSHIP FORUM OF 2007: PRESENT STATE OF THE CURRENT FELLOWSHIP HIRING PROCESS (2010)

Purpose: Currently, approximately 90% of the 620 graduating orthopaedic residents are planning on entering a post-graduate fellowship. Since January of 2005, two of the largest orthopaedic fellowship match programs, Sports Medicine and Spine Surgery, were dissolved by the NRMP due to gradual decline and reduced participation leaving approximately 70% of applicants in a non-match, decentralized system. Method: An on-line survey was designed by orthopaedic leadership of the AOA with the help of two Harvard business school “match” economists. The survey was administered to PGY-4 orthopaedic residents participating in the AOA Resident Leadership Forum (RLF) of 2007. This data was used as the cornerstone of the RLF for 2007, where the residents deliberated the results of the survey and formulated a brief recommendation list. The survey responses were then tabulated electronically and subjected to market analysis. Results: Sixty-five out of 112 (58%) RLF Residents answered the on-line survey, while 93 (83%) answered audience response questions at the RLF. Thirty percent of residents (19/64) did not have enough time and exposure in their residency to decide which subspecialty to enter. They felt the ideal interview period should be held from January through March of the PGY-4 year. Over 50% of residents felt pressure to accept early offers, had to accept an offer before finishing interviewing or accepted their first offer. Sixty-eight percent (43/64) had to respond to an offer in less than one week. Seventy-six percent (31/47) felt they were given inadequate time to accept or reject offers. Thirty-six percent (17/47) asked for more time to think about an offer. Over 50% (33/65) accepted their first offer and 8% (5/47) had an offer withdrawn because they did not give a response within a designated time frame (exploded offer). Residents cancelled a mean of 2.7 interviews per resident (range 0–9). Eighty-percent (50/64) thought a match would be better than the current system, if most programs would adhere to it. Approximately 47% (41/88) of the residents favored a more centralized process involving all orthopedic surgery fellows, while 35% (31/88) favored a subspecialty based system. Conclusion: The RLF deliberations can be summarized as follows: The current fellowship hiring process is decentralized, poorly functioning, unraveled and generally unfair. It creates anxiety for residents, residency directors, and fellowship directors alike. Residents are facing exploding offers, limited exposure to fellowship programs and, ultimately, an unraveling hiring market. Residents are in favor of changing the current decentralized process into either a more centralized clearing-house system or subspecialty-based match approach. In either system, accountability for both residents and fellowship directors is critical. Both the AOA and AAOS should devote resources to improve the fellowship hiring process.
USG guided popliteal sciatic and adductor canal block for below knee surgeries and postoperative analgesia in high risk patients (2021)

Aim: The aim of the present study is to determine the USG guided popliteal sciatic and adductor canal block for below knee surgeries and postoperative analgesia in high risk patients.Methods: A prospective study was conducted at Bone & Joint hospital an associated hospital of GMC Srinagar, department of Anaesthesiology and critical care medicine, from September 2018 to August 2019. 50 patients with ASA physical status III–IV (diabetes, hypertension, hepatorenal disease, ischemic heart disease), aged 30–70 years were included in this study. Patients allergic to local anaesthetics, on opioids and other analgesics for chronic pain, a refusal for peripheral nerve block and with neurological deficits were excluded from the study. Routine investigations, coagulation profile, renal and hepatic function tests were obtained and ‘nil per oral’ order was placed six hours prior to the surgery. Analyse the block success rate and sensory and motor block onset time, hemodynamic parameters, duration of post operative analgesia and patient’s overall satisfaction.Results: A total of 50 patients with significant co morbidities scheduled for below-knee surgery were included in this study. All patients obtained an adequate sensory and motor blockade and the surgery was performed successfully under ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic and adductor canal block, with no additional analgesic requirement. The mean duration for sensory and motor block onset time was 3.45±0.52 and 4.77±0.47 minutes respectively. Hemodynamic parameters were maintained stable without gross fluctuation from baseline value throughout the procedure. Average duration of post-operative analgesia as assessed by NRS was ± 0.9 hours. Patient satisfaction as assessed by three-point Lickert’s scale was satisfactory, with 80% of patients were graded as per Lickert’s scale 1 and 20% of patients were graded as per Lickert’s scale 2.Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided combined popliteal sciatic and adductor canal block is an effective alternative anaesthetic technique for below-knee surgeries with better stability of hemodynamic parameters and pain management in high-risk patients.
<title>Simulation of imaging in the presence of cirrus clouds</title> (1998)

The effect of atmospheric phase perturbations on the diffractive and coherent properties of the uplink and downlink paths of an active imaging illumination beam has been studied in some detail. Similarly, the scattering and depolarization induced by water and ice cloud particles in the path of coherent laser illumination is currently an area of much production research. In contrast, the effect of cloud particles on the diffractive properties of a laser illumination beam has not received as much attention due primarily to the daunting mathematics of the physical mode. This paper seeks to address some of the mathematical issues associated with modeling the interaction of a coherent illumination beam with a cloud of ice particles. The simulation constructs a 3D model of a cirrus cloud consisting of randomly oriented hexagonal ice crystals in the shape of plates, columns, and bullet rosettes. The size, shape, and vertical distribution of the crystals are modeled after measured particles concentrations and distributions. An illumination pattern, in the form of grid of rays, is traced through the cloud, and the properties of the exiting wavefronts are analyzed.
Improvement of Observer/Kalman Filter Identification (OKID) by Residual Whitening (1995)

This paper presents a time-domain method to identify a state space model of a linear system and its corresponding observer/Kalman filter from a given set of general input-output data. The identified filter has the properties that its residual is minimized in the least squares sense, orthogonal to the time-shifted versions of itself, and to the given input-output data sequences. The connection between the state space model and a particular auto-regressive moving average description of a linear system is made in terms of the Kalman filter and a deadbeat gain matrix. The procedure first identifies the Markov parameters of an observer system, from which a state space model of the system and the filter gain are computed. The developed procedure is shown to improve results obtained by an existing observer/Kalman filter identification method, which is based on an auto-regressive model without the moving average terms. Numerical and experimental results are presented to illustrate the proposed method.
A Multipath TCP Based on Network Coding in Wireless Mesh Networks (2009)

It is a challenge that network coding achieve wide use in wireless mesh networks. Network coding must be compatible or friendly with TCP in practice. We propose a mechanism that naturally add network coding to current network systems. In our scheme, the destination feedback the degree of freedom of encoding block, and delays of packet delivery minimize reordering and timeouts. Using multipath routing, the source side can send more encode packets and the transmission rate becomes more faster, as a result, the network achieves higher throughput compared to TCP in the presence of lossy wireless links.
Cellulose: Its Regeneration in the Native Lattice (1974)

The regeneration of cellulose from solutions in 85 percent phosphoric acid into glycerol at 170 degrees C resulted in its recovery wholly in the native or cellulose I lattice. Identification of the structure of the regenerated material is based on comparisons of its x-ray diffractogram and its Raman spectrum with those of the native fiber, cellulose II, and cellulose IV.
Smectic A liquid single crystal elastomers showing macroscopic in‐plane fluidity (1997)

Abstract The mechanical response of a smectic A liquid single crystal elastomer (LSCE) to stress applied perpendicular and parallel to the layers is described. We find that the static modulus perpendicular to the layers is two orders of magnitude larger than the modulus parallel to the layer direction, where the latter is completely due to the crosslinking. Macroscopically the width of the smectic A LSCE does not shrink when a mechanical stress is applied parallel to the layers while the length of the film increases by a factor of 2 thus demonstrating the in‐plane fluidity of the smectic layering.
Structure of branched lactosaminoglycan, the carbohydrate moiety of band 3 isolated from adult human erythrocytes. (1984)

The structure of branched lactosaminoglycan isolated from Band 3 glycoprotein of adult human erythrocytes was elucidated. The glycopeptides were digested by endo-beta-galactosidase under various conditions and oligosaccharides and core glycopeptides thus obtained and intact glycopeptides were analyzed by methylation, exoglycosidase digestion, and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. Based on these experiments, the structure of adult lactosaminoglycan was found to have the following unique features: 1) two (as major components) or three (as minor components) polylactosaminyl side chains composed of (Gal beta 1----4 GlcNAc beta 1----3) repeating units are attached to the core portion, the structure of which is Man alpha 1----6(Man alpha 1----3) [+/- GlcNAc beta 1----4]Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----6)GlcNAc----Asn, 2) the polylactosaminyl side chain arising from the mannose C-6 side is composed of 10-12 N-acetyllactosaminyl units and three branches; the lactosaminyl side chain arising from the mannose C-3 side is composed of 5-6 lactosaminyl units and contains one or two branches, 3) each branch is short and is composed of the Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----6 structure, 4) fucose and sialic acid are preferentially linked to nonreducing terminal regions but not on the branches in the internal portion of the polylactosaminyl chain.
Waveguide Dichroism and Depolarization Measurements for Molecular Orientation (1990)

Modern surface science is now emerging into a regime in which understanding the relationship betweeen structure and function will occupy an ever more prominent role. To this end one important piece of information concerns the three dimensional orientation of complex adsorbates at an interface. We have been using total internal reflection excited surface Raman scattering and waveguide mediated linear dichroism to measure the tilt angles of molecules adsorbed under realistic conditions (i.e. at the solid-liquid interface). These efforts will be described and compared.
Mobile Cellular Telecommunications: Analog and Digital Systems (1995)

From the Publisher:
Here's the second edition of the classic reference in the field,Mobile Cellular Telecommunications Systems. From highly respected industry pioneer William Lee,this thoroughly updated reference provides a complete technical description of the design,analysis,and maintenance of cellular systems. To reflect the many changes cellular technology has undergone in the past five years,the second edition features new chapters on the CDMA standard,microcell systems,and digital cellular systems,along with updated coverage of the practical concepts,design techniques,and operation of mobile cellular systems for telecommunications engineers and technicians.
A review of friction processes for aerospace applications (2014)

Friction welding is now extensively used in industries as divergent as sub–sea and aerospace. This paper will focus on some of the variants of friction welding which already provide or may further provide technical opportunities for the aerospace industry. The following techniques are reviewed: Continuous Drive, Inertia, Linear, Taper Stitch, Friction Stir Welding, Friction Pillar Processing, Friction Transformation Hardening, Third–body Friction Joining, and Friction Surfacing. Friction welding is now an established process for the manufacture of aero engine components, and further development work will include a number of emergent process variants and deal with material combinations which are difficult to weld by other processes.
Prevention of neonatal oxygen-induced brain damage by reduction of intrinsic apoptosis (2012)

Within the last decade, it became clear that oxygen contributes to the pathogenesis of neonatal brain damage, leading to neurocognitive impairment of prematurely born infants in later life. Recently, we have identified a critical role for receptor-mediated neuronal apoptosis in the immature rodent brain. However, the contribution of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway accompanied by activation of caspase-2 under hyperoxic conditions in the neonatal brain still remains elusive. Inhibition of caspases appears a promising strategy for neuroprotection. In order to assess the influence of specific caspases on the developing brain, we applied a recently developed pentapeptide-based group II caspase inhibitor (5-(2,6-difluoro-phenoxy)-3(R,S)-(2(S)-(2(S)-(3-methoxycarbonyl-2(S)-(3-methyl-2(S)-((quinoline-2-carbonyl)-amino)-butyrylamino)propionylamino)3-methylbutyrylamino)propionylamino)-4-oxo-pentanoic acid methyl ester; TRP601). Here, we report that elevated oxygen (hyperoxia) triggers a marked increase in active caspase-2 expression, resulting in an initiation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway with upregulation of key proteins, namely, cytochrome c, apoptosis protease-activating factor-1, and the caspase-independent protein apoptosis-inducing factor, whereas BH3-interacting domain death agonist and the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-2 are downregulated. These results coincide with an upregulation of caspase-3 activity and marked neurodegeneration. However, single treatment with TRP601 at the beginning of hyperoxia reversed the detrimental effects in this model. Hyperoxia-mediated neurodegeneration is supported by intrinsic apoptosis, suggesting that the development of highly selective caspase inhibitors will represent a potential useful therapeutic strategy in prematurely born infants.
Impaired muscle growth and response to insulin-like growth factor 1 in dysferlin-mediated muscular dystrophy (2010)

Loss-of-function mutations in dysferlin cause muscular dystrophy, and dysferlin has been implicated in resealing membrane disruption in myofibers. Given the importance of membrane fusion in many aspects of muscle function, we studied the role of dysferlin in muscle growth. We found that dysferlin null myoblasts have a defect in myoblast-myotube fusion, resulting in smaller myotubes in culture. In vivo, dysferlin null muscle was found to have mislocalized nuclei and vacuolation. We found that myoblasts isolated from dysferlin null mice accumulate enlarged, lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2)-positive lysosomes. Dysferlin null myoblasts accumulate transferrin-488, reflecting abnormal vesicular trafficking. Additionally, dysferlin null myoblasts display abnormal trafficking of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor, where the receptor is shuttled to LAMP2-positive lysosomes. We studied growth, in vivo, by infusing mice with the growth stimulant IGF1. Control IGF1-treated mice increased myofiber diameter by 30% as expected, whereas dysferlin null muscles had no response to IGF1, indicating a defect in myofiber growth. We also noted that dysferlin null fibroblasts also accumulate acidic vesicles, IGF receptor and transferrin, indicating that dysferlin is important for nonmuscle vesicular trafficking. These data implicate dysferlin in multiple membrane fusion events within the cell and suggest multiple pathways by which loss of dysferlin contributes to muscle disease.
골반경에 의한 질식 전자궁적출술의 임상적 고찰 (1993)

본 연구는 202명의 골반경에 의한 질식 전자궁적출술 환자를 대상으로 복식 자궁적출술이 나 질식 자궁적출술에 비해 부작용이 적고 여러가지 장점이 있기 때문에, 개복을 하여 자궁 적출술을 시행할 수 밖에 없었던 많은 환자를 골반경을 통하여 방해되는 인자를 제거하여 질 식 자궁적출술을 가능하게 함으로써 복식 자궁적출술 대상 환자의 상당부분을 골반경에 의한 질식 전자궁적출술로 전환시켜 성공적으로 치료할 수 있음을 보여주었다. 그러나 이 수술방법의 평가는 어떠한 결론을 내리기 전에 더 많은 환자에서 추적 조사가 필 요할 것으로 사료된다.
The element effect in methoxide ion substitution of the (Z) and (E) isomers of O-methyl-4-methoxybenzohydroximoyl halides (1997)

The (Z) and (E) isomers ofO-methyl-4-methoxybenzohydroximoyl
chloride [p-OCH3ArC( Cl )=NOCH3] and 0-methyl-4-methoxybenzohyd roximoyl
bromide [p-OCH3ArC(Br)=NOCH3] were synthesized, and the rates of
methoxide substitution were measured (90% dimethyl sulfoxide and 10%
methanol at 44.6° C). Kinetic measurements demonstrated the reaction to be
first order in methoxide and first order in the hydroximoyl halide. Two
mechanisms were considered for this reaction: a multistep addition-elimination
mechanism (AN+ ON) and a concerted (SN2-like) mechanism (ANON)- The
element effect (k8r11<c,) was investigated to determine if carbon-halogen bond
cleavage occurs in the rate-determining step. A k8r11<c, ratio ~ 30 suggests that
the bond is cleaved in the rate-determining step; a k8r11<c, ratio approximately
equal to 1 indicates that the bond is not broken in the rate-determining step.
The (Z) isomers gave a k8r11<c, ratio of 2. 78, and the (E) isomers gave a ker11<c,
ratio of 1.97. These findings support the addition-elimination type mechanism
with nucleophilic attack being the rate-determining step.
Proximity discovery for device-to-device communications over a cellular network (2014)

This article first reviews the proximity discovery techniques used in most device-to-device communication systems. The associated issues when applied to a cellular network and the potential solutions are then addressed. We propose a unified discovery design for full, partial, and off-network coverage scenarios. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of packet and signature-based discovery schemes. We present a signature-based discovery design as a conceptual example for cellular applications. Through this example, we demonstrate that a cellular network can benefit from the information provided by the device discovery that a traditional cellular system lacks so that resources, interference, and connection selection can be more efficiently managed under a unified cellular network centric architecture.
A Compact UHF RFID Tag Antenna for Sub-soil Temperature Sensing in Precision Agriculture (2020)

This paper presents a unique compact passive UHF RFID tag that is capable of hosting a temperature sensor for wireless sub-soil measurements. In particular, a newly developed dipole antenna is matched to the complex conjugate of the temperature sensing passive RFID AMS SL900A IC at 900 MHz. A prototype tag is then buried 7.62 cm in the top soil of a field used for agricultural purposes and the read range is measured. It is shown that the sensor has a maximum measured read range of 0.5 m in the field and has a 50% reduction in overall size when compared to previously reported designs. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the prototype can transmit accurate temperature data of the soil. These measurements of the tag in the field demonstrate that the proposed low-profile UHF RFID tag can be used in other sub-soil applications to support precision agriculture.
Microstructure and failure modes during scratch testing of laser cladded WC–NiCrBSi coatings with spherical and angular carbides (2013)

Laser cladded coatings have been used extensively to extend the service life of components exposed to severe abrasive wear. One of the main wear resistant materials used in laser cladding is ceramic–metallic composite. Despite extensive use of this class of material, there is very limited knowledge regarding mechanical degradation mechanisms, such as cracking and plastic deformation, under different wear conditions. In this investigation a mixture of nickel alloy and tungsten carbide powders were used to deposit the coating. Two types of tungsten carbide powders with spherical and angular carbides were employed. The microstructures of the coatings were analysed thoroughly by optical microscopy, electron probe microanalysis and wavelength dispersive spectrometry. Failure and cracking mechanisms of laser cladded coatings under normal and tangential loading were systematically investigated using scratch testing. In the nickel alloy matrix, fine mixed secondary carbides were formed due to partial dissolution and formation of the secondary tungsten carbide during laser cladding. These secondary carbides were rich in chromium, tungsten and nickel and had a blocky and/or bar-like shape. Failure mechanisms associated with scratch testing were dependent on the microstructure and carbide morphology, applied stress and location of carbide particles with regard to the scratch groove. Owing to the high binder mean free path between the carbide particles, plastic deformation of the binder was the dominant failure mechanism. Additionally, partial or whole fragmentation of carbides, carbide/binder interface cracking and limited binder fracture were observed.
Coagulation profile of liquid‐state plasma (2012)

These data demonstrate that LP maintains at least 50% of factor activity and thrombin-generating capacity up to 15 days of refrigerated storage. It may be more appropriate to limit LP storage and supplement with FFP when used for management of massively bleeding patients.