gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epitope-relatedness and phenotyping of hepatic cytochromes P-450 with monoclonal antibodies (1985)

The epitope-specific cytochrome P-450 content of animal livers was analysed by radioimmunoassay using a panel of seven monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) made to a 3-methylcholanthrene-induced rat liver cytochrome P-450. Competitive radioimmunoassays utilizing a reference radiolabelled MAb and a series of unlabelled MAbs indicated that there are at least three distinct classes of MAbs to different epitopes on cytochrome P-450. In addition, a direct radioimmunoassay employing a radiolabelled second antibody detected MAb-specific cytochromes P-450 in livers from different animals. This radioimmunoassay detected large elevations in the levels of these cytochromes P-450 in the livers of 3-methylcholanthrene-treated rats and C57BL/6 mice compared with untreated rats, 3-methylcholanthrene-treated DBA/2 mice or guinea pigs. The two complementary radioimmunoassay methods are sensitive, efficient, and easily applicable for screening large number of tissue samples for MAb-defined cytochrome P-450 phenotype.
A modified formula for defining tissue phantom ratio of photon beams (2008)

Tissue phantom ratio (TPR), for square fields of various dimensions has been determined at varying depths in water. The dose in water has been measured at a fixed source-to-surface distance (SSD) of 100 cm and reference depth of 5 cm for 6 MV photon beam of Siemens Linear Accelerator Primus 11 in German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. A modified formula has been developed to calculate the TPR value for isocentric treatment. The present article describes the conversion of the measured data values into a comprehensive and consistent data set by the modified formula, that gives the TPR from Percentage Depth Dose (PDD) with depth as a function of field sizes from 10 mm x 10 mm upto 300 mm x 300 mm) and depth (from 0 mm to 300 mm).
Research on Radar/Infrared Fusion Algorithm Based on IMM/MS-MDPDAF (2019)

Abstract In the clutter environment, radar/infrared sensors are used to track the background of maneuvering targets. Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional probabilistic data association theory in solving multiple target echoes and numbers in measurement, it is presented by combining interactive multiple model (IMM) and multiple detection probabilistic data association filter (MDPDAF) in a multi-sensor (radar and infrared) scenario known as IMM/MS-MDPDAF algorithm. The IMM algorithm has the ability to adapt to the target high maneuver and clutter environment. The MS-MDPDAF algorithm can detect multiple effective target echoes, considering various uncertainties in the clutter environment. According to the multi-detection mode of radar sensor, the target is effectively measured and the state vector is updated. Then the data fusion and probability data association theory are used to calculate the corresponding probability and state prediction, estimation and update under the Bayesian framework. The simulation results show that the IMM/MS-MDPDAF algorithm can improve the effectiveness and tracking accuracy of target, and has better tracking performance than IMM/MSPDAF.
Early Surgery in Prone Position for Associated Injuries in Patients Undergoing Non‐operative Management for Splenic and Liver Injuries (2018)

In this single-center analysis, surgery in prone position was performed in a substantial number of patients with splenic/liver injuries without increasing the fNOM rate. However, caution should be used in patients with grade IV/V splenic injuries.
Fucoidans: Downstream Processes and Recent Applications (2020)

Fucoidans are multifunctional marine macromolecules that are subjected to numerous and various downstream processes during their production. These processes were considered the most important abiotic factors affecting fucoidan chemical skeletons, quality, physicochemical properties, biological properties and industrial applications. Since a universal protocol for fucoidans production has not been established yet, all the currently used processes were presented and justified. The current article complements our previous articles in the fucoidans field, provides an updated overview regarding the different downstream processes, including pre-treatment, extraction, purification and enzymatic modification processes, and shows the recent non-traditional applications of fucoidans in relation to their characters.
Sand-control method. Pt. 2. Shortcomings suggest new fail-safe concept (1975)

In Pt. 1, some of the factors were covered which limit present sand-control methods for high-rate wells and for the stimulation of unconsolidated sands. A new concept includes a specifically designed screen and quite large gravel placed with a prior treatment of consolidating plastic. It promises to eliminate most disadvantages of currently used techniques. It is a fail-safe system by protecting against failure of the plastic in all or in part of the consolidated region. The process first introduces a resin material into the formation before the well is gravel-packed with large gravel. The resin consolidates the formation sand that remains in direct contact with the pack gravel after the job is complete. The use of large gravel maximizes productivity throughout the gravel-packed interval and especially in the perforation tunnels. Since the formation sand has been consolidated at the interface, the large pack gravel will not become invaded with the formation sand. How the new plastic pack is placed is illustrated. (24 refs.)
Imaging and Sizing of Atrial Septal Defects by Magnetic Resonance (1995)

Phase-contrast cine MR images acquired in the plane of an ASD define the defect shape by the cross section of the shunt flow stream and allow noninvasive determination of defect size with sufficient accuracy to permit stratification of patients to closure of the defect by catheter-based techniques versus surgery. Spin-echo images, on the other hand, are not adequate for defining ASD size, because septal thinning adjacent to a secundum ASD may appear to be part of the defect.
[81mKr scintigraphic evaluation of hemodynamics in gynecologic malignancies under condition of angiotensin II-induced hypertension]. (1992)

Transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy is one of the most useful therapeutic procedures for gynecologic malignancies. Recently, several reports have been published about Angiotensin II-induced hypertension chemotherapy and the efficacy of the method, but there have been no reports to evaluate an application for gynecologic malignancies. We evaluate the usefulness of the method for gynecologic malignancies demonstrating the changes of hemodynamics of the tumor using 81mKr scintigraphy. Thirteen patients with pathologically confirmed gynecologic malignancies were evaluated by angiography and continuous infusion of 81mKr via the catheter with and without Angiotensin II. At first, continuous infusion of 81mKr was performed under the superselective catheterization of the uterine artery. The radioactivities in the ROI were counted. Then, withdrew the catheter from the uterine artery to the internal iliac artery, and again continuously infused 81mKr and counted the radioactivities in the same ROI. Finally, keeping the catheter in the internal iliac artery, Angiotensin II and 81mKr were infused simultaneously. And counted the radioactivities. The radioactivities were highest when the catheter tip was placed in uterine arteries and lowest when the catheter tip was placed in internal iliac arteries. But radioactivities in the ROIs were definitely increased when Angiotensin II was used, even if the catheter tip was keeping in the internal iliac arteries. The optimal catheter position of transcatheter arterial chemotherapy for gynecologic malignancies is at proximal uterine artery. Since Angiotensin II-induced hypertension may increase blood flow of tumors, it seems to have indication for post-operative cases, highly advanced cases and cases with difficulties to perform superselective catheterization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Transmission Power Control for Link-Level Handshaking in Wireless Sensor Networks (2015)

In practical wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the main mechanism for link-level data exchange is through handshaking. To maximize the network lifetime, the transmission power levels for both data and acknowledgement (ACK) packets should be selected optimally. If the highest transmission power level is selected then the handshake failure is minimized, however, minimizing handshake failure does not necessarily result in the maximized lifetime due to the fact that for some links selection of the maximum transmission power may not be necessary. In this paper, we investigate the impact of optimal transmission power assignment for data and ACK packets on network lifetime in WSNs. We built a novel family of mathematical programming formulations to accurately model the energy dissipation in WSNs under practical assumptions by considering a wide range of energy dissipation mechanisms. We also investigate the validity of a commonly made assumption in wireless communication and networking research: lossless feedback channel (i.e., ACK packets never fail). Our results show that the global optimal assignment of data and ACK packets can be replaced with link scope power level assignment strategies without any significant deterioration of network lifetime. The assumption that ACK packets do not fail is shown to be misleading.
Cloning and Characterizing Genes Involved in Monoterpene Induced Mammary Tumor Regression. (1996)

Abstract : Monoterpene-induced/repressed genes were identified in regressing rat mammary carcinomas treated with dietary limonene using a newly developed method termed subtractive display. The subtractive display screen identified 42 monoterpene-induced genes comprising 9 known genes and 33 unidentified genes, as well as 58 monoterpene-repressed genes comprising 1 known gene and 57 unidentified genes. Several of the identified differentially expressed genes are involved in the mitoinhibitory transforming growth factor B signal tranduction pathway, as demonstrated by isolation of the mannose 6-phosphateAnsulin-like growth factor II receptor and the transforming growth factor B type II receptor. The monoterpene induced/repressed genes indicate that apoptosis and differentiation act in concert to effect carcinoma regression. Apoptosis is suggested by the cloning of a marker of programmed cell death, lipocortin 1. Consistent with a differentiation/remodeling process occurring during tumor regression, subtractive display identified YWK-II and neuroligin 1. Thus far, of the cDNAs putatively identified as differentially expressed in this complex in situ carcinoma model, 5 were tested, and each one has been confirmed to be differentially expressed. Additionally, many of the identified known genes are expressed as rare transcripts and exhibit small but significant changes in abundance.
Authentication Authorization and Accounting (AAA) Schemes in WiMAX (2006)

Authorization, authentication, and accounting schemes for WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) are the focus of this paper. WiMAX works as a wireless metropolitan area network (MAN) technology, based on IEEE 802.16 specifications, which was designed to provide high-throughput wireless broadband connections (up to 70 Mbps for fixed scheme and up to 15 Mbps for mobile scheme) over long distances (up to 30 miles) , which is described as a "framework for the evolution of wireless broadband". The main focus of the authentication and authorization is based on the privacy key management $extensible authentication protocol for pairwise key manegement "EAP-PKM" and the accounting issue
Flux pinning properties of Gd–Ba–Cu–O trapped field magnets grown by a modified top-seeded melt growth (2014)

International audience
SER UMA EMPRESA GRANDE É VANTAGEM PARA CRESCER? (2007)

O crescimento pode ser considerado como uma evidência de sucesso empresarial e, portanto, uma conseqüência desejável de uma boa estratégia. Apesar disso, o fenômeno tem sido pouco estudado com uma abordagem empírica na área. Esta pesquisa explora um aspecto do tema, especificamente a relação entre tamanho e taxa de crescimento. A pesquisa foi feita com uma grande amostra internacional com 80.320 observações, cobrindo 13.221 empresas, 9 anos e 46 países. Técnicas multivariadas foram usadas para análise. Os resultados indicam uma relação positiva entre tamanho e taxa de crescimento contrariando estudos anteriores feitos com amostras menores e de menor abrangência. Os resultados apresentam alta significância estatística. A significância prática e o caráter relativo desta influência dentro da ampla variabilidade observada nas taxas de crescimento são discutidos
Radical Scavenging Activity and Performance of Novel Phenolic Antioxidants in Oils During Storage and Frying (2011)

Abstract Novel phenolic antioxidants: 2a (6′‐hydroxy‐2′,5′,7′,8′‐tetramethylchroman‐2′‐yl)methyl 3‐methoxy‐4‐hydroxycinnamate, 2b (6′‐hydroxy‐2′,5′,7′,8′‐tetramethylchroman‐2′‐yl)methyl 3,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐hydroxycinnamate, 2c (6′‐hydroxy‐2′,5′,7′,8′‐tetramethylchroman‐2′‐yl)methyl 3,4‐dihydroxycinnamate, and 3 (6‐hydroxy‐2,5,7,8‐tetramethylchroman‐2‐yl)methyl (6′‐hydroxy‐2′,5′,7′,8′‐tetramethylchroman‐2′‐carboxylate) have been prepared in good yields and fully characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR, and HRMS. Their radical scavenging activities have been evaluated by DPPH and ORAC assays. Each of the synthesized antioxidants exhibited significantly higher radical scavenging activities than trolox and α‐tocopherol. These novel antioxidants efficiently protected canola oil triacylglycerides (CTG) during accelerated storage and frying. Compounds 2c and 3 were significantly more efficient than α‐tocopherol protecting CTG under accelerated storage. All new antioxidants were more efficient than α‐tocopherol under frying conditions and present significantly higher thermal stability.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Components of Dendrobium polyanthum (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Spatial transform skip in the emerging High Efficiency Video Coding standard (2012)

To meet the still growing compression efficiency needs for high definition content, ITU and MPEG are now defining the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. The HEVC codec still relies on a hybrid motion compensated predictive video coding architecture as its H.264/AVC ancestor though novel coding tools are introduced. These novel coding tools provide a highly uncorrelated prediction residue for which classical frequency decomposition methods as the discrete cosine transform may not provide an effective energy compaction. Therefore this paper proposes a transform skip mode which allows skipping one or both directions where the transform is applied. The proposed transform skip mode is integrated in the HEVC codec and is able to provide bitrate reductions of up to 5% at the same objective quality when compared with the HEVC reference codec.
The Thermophilic Yeast Hansenula polymorpha Does Not Require Trehalose Synthesis for Growth at High Temperatures but Does for Normal Acquisition of Thermotolerance (1999)

The TPS1 gene from Hansenula polymorpha, which encodes trehalose-6-phosphate (Tre6P) synthase, has been isolated and characterized. The deletion of TPS1 rendered H. polymorpha cells incapable of trehalose synthesis under conditions where wild-type cells normally accumulate high levels of trehalose. Interestingly, the loss of Tre6P synthase did not cause any obvious growth defects on a glucose-containing medium, even at high temperatures, but seriously compromised the cells' ability to acquire thermotolerance.
Search for unexplored effects in speech production (2002)

Speech coders invariably spend about 1/3 of their bits replicating a number of effects collectively termed "excitation". The need for so much bandwidth stems from two causes. The frame rate must be relatively high, because transient changes must be resolved. The data needed for each frame is high because unpredictable broad-band components must be reproduced. In this paper, we discuss three projects to learn more about these elusive aspects of speech. One project models the transient behavior. Two others seek to characterize stochastic processes that accompany periodic vibration in voiced sounds.
Extremely Low Doses of X-Radiation can Induce Adaptive Responses in Mouse Prostate (2007)

The pKZ1 mouse chromosomal inversion assay is the only assay that has detected modulation of a mutagenic endpoint after single whole body X-irradiation with doses lower than 1 mGy. A non-linear dose response for chromosomal inversion has been observed in spleen and prostate between 0.001 mGy and 10 mGy, with doses between 0.005-0.01 mGy causing an increase in inversions and doses between 1-10 mGy causing a reduction below spontaneous inversion frequency. An adaptive response is a decreased biological effect induced by a low radiation dose. Adaptive responses contradict the linear-no-threshold model of risk estimation. We demonstrated that very low (0.001 mGy, 0.01 mGy, 1 mGy and 10 mGy) doses of X-radiation induced a chromosomal inversion adaptive response as measured by a reduction in the frequency of subsequent high dose (1000 mGy) induced inversions in prostate. These are the lowest X-radiation doses reported to induce an adaptive response for any endpoint. Adaptive response experiments were also performed where the high dose was administered four hours prior to a low dose of 0.01 mGy or 10 mGy In both cases an adaptive response was observed. Identification of the modifying factors involved in the adaptive response may provide candidates for radioprotection.
Correction: Substituent interference on supramolecular assembly in urea gelators: synthesis, structure prediction and NMR (2016)

Correction for ‘Substituent interference on supramolecular assembly in urea gelators: synthesis, structure prediction and NMR’ by Francesca Piana et al., Soft Matter, 2016, 12, 4034–4043.
Supply Chain Sustainability Analysis of Renewable Hydrocarbon Fuels via Indirect Liquefaction, Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis, Hydrothermal Liquefaction, Combined Algal Processing, and Biochemical Conversion: Update of the 2020 State-of-Technology Cases (2021)

This technical report describes the SCSAs for the production of renewable hydrocarbon transportation fuels via a range of conversion technologies in the 2020 SOTs: (1) renewable high octane gasoline (HOG) via indirect liquefaction (IDL) of woody lignocellulosic biomass (note that the IDL pathway in this SCSA represents the syngas conversion design); (2) renewable gasoline (RG) and diesel (RD) blendstocks via ex situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of woody lignocellulosic biomass; (3) RD via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of wet sludge from a wastewater treatment plant; (4) renewable hydrocarbon fuels via biochemical conversion of herbaceous lignocellulosic biomass; (5) renewable diesel via HTL of a blend of algae and woody biomass; and (6) renewable diesel via combined algae processing (CAP). This technical report focuses on the environmental performance of these six biofuel production pathways in their 2020 SOT cases. The results of these renewable hydrocarbon fuel pathways in these SCSA analyses update those for the respective 2019 SOT cases. They also provide an opportunity to examine the impact of technology improvements in both biomass feedstock production and biofuel production that have been achieved in 2020 SOTs on the sustainability performance of these renewable transportation fuels. The SCSA results also reflect updates to Argonne National Laboratory’s Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Technologies (GREET®) model, which was released in October 2020. These GREET updates include the production of natural gas, electricity, and petroleum-based fuels that can influence biofuels’ supply chain greenhouse gas (GHG) (CO2, CH4, and N2O) emissions, water consumption, and air pollutant emissions. GHG emissions, water consumption, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions are the main sustainability metrics assessed in this analysis. In this analysis, we define water consumption as the amount of water withdrawn from a freshwater source that is not returned (or returnable) to a freshwater source at the same level of quality. Life-cycle fossil energy consumption and net energy balance, which is the life-cycle fossil energy consumption deducted from the renewable biofuel energy produced, are also assessed.
Measurement of Protein Glycation, Glycated Peptides, and Glycation Free Adducts (2005)

Protein glycation adducts, early glycation adducts, such as N(epsilon)-fructosyl-lysine, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are uremic toxins. Glycation adducts are found in plasma and tissue proteins (glycation adduct residues), in peptides (glycation adduct peptide residues), and glycated amino acids (glycation free adducts). The latter two analyte groups arise from proteolysis of glycated proteins and glycation of peptides and amino acids. Quantitation of glycation adducts in uremia is difficult because of the presence of many different AGEs at low concentrations in different forms in the presence of many potential interferences. Application of liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) detection to plasma, urine, and dialysate samples of uremic patients has provided a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of glycation adducts in uremia. Glycation free adducts accumulate markedly in the plasma of uremic patients and are eliminated in the peritoneal dialysate. Multiple glycation adducts, and also protein oxidation and nitration adducts, may be quantified concurrently. Glycation free adducts are the major form of glycation adduct eliminated in dialysate. LC-MS/MS may now be used to quantify concentrations, extents of protein modification, clearances, and excretion rates of glycation adducts in uremia.
Liposome Gene Transfection (2006)

Varied results have been obtained using cationic liposomes for in vivo delivery. Furthermore, optimization of cationic liposomal complexes for in vivo applications is complex involving many diverse components. These components include nucleic acid purification, plasmid design, formulation of the delivery vehicle, administration route and schedule, dosing, detection of gene expression, and others. This chapter will also focus on optimization of the delivery vehicle formulation. These formulation issues include morphology of the complexes, lipids used, flexibility versus rigidity, colloidal suspension, overall charge, serum stability, half-life in circulation, biodistribution, delivery to and dissemination throughout target tissues. Broad assumptions have been frequently made on the basis of the data obtained from focused studies using cationic liposomes. However, these assumptions do not necessarily apply to all delivery vehicles and, most likely, do not apply to many liposomal systems when considering these other key components that influence the results obtained in vivo. Optimizing all components of the delivery system is pivotal and will allow broad use of liposomal complexes to treat or cure human diseases or disorders. This chapter will highlight the features of liposomes that contribute to successful delivery, gene expression, and efficacy.