gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transdisciplinary Team Building Using a Real-World Case Study on the Pandemic COVID-19 (2020)

The COVID-19 data sets and associated Jupyter Hub notebooks are support for a manuscript describing how data science was shown to be effective in developing a transdisciplinary team and the production of novel outputs in part due to the common learning process of all team members being part of an online professional data science and analytics master’s degree program. This online curriculum helped the team members to find a common process that allowed them learn in common (Kläy, Zimmermann, &amp; Schneider, 2015), transdisciplinary learning a key component of transdisciplinary teamwork (Yeung, 2015). Our team's Jupyter Hub files with complete coding and data set explanations are uploaded to document this teamwork and the outputs of the team.
A Spatial-Spectral Interference Model for Millimeter Wave 5G Applications (2017)

The potential of the millimeter wave (mmWave) band in meeting the ever growing demand for high data rate and capacity in emerging fifth generation (5G) wireless networks is well-established. Since mmWave systems are expected to use highly directional antennas with very focused beams to overcome severe pathloss and shadowing in this band, the nature of signal propagation in mmWave wireless networks may differ from current networks. One factor that is influenced by such propagation characteristics is the interference behavior, which is also impacted by simultaneous use of the unlicensed portion of the spectrum by multiple users. Therefore, considering the propagation characteristics in the mmWave band, we propose a spatial-spectral interference model for 5G mmWave applications, in the presence of Poisson field of blockages and interferers operating in licensed and unlicensed mmWave spectrum. Consequently, the average bit error rate of the network is calculated. Simulation is also carried out to verify the outcomes of the paper.
A Real-Time Scheme for Validation of an Auto-regressive Time Series Model for Power System Ambient Inter-area Mode Estimation (2014)

A lattice time series model may be used to estimate the inter-area electromechanical modes of a power system from measured synchrophasor data. The accuracy of these estimates is sensitive to the order of the model. This paper describes a methodology for real-time, order-recursive whiteness testing of the prediction errors. This hypothesis testing methodology may be used in conjunction with the lattice mode-meter algorithm to validate the model in real-time. Results are presented on a model of the western North American power system.
Effect of Discharge Energy and Cavity Geometry on Flame Ignition by Transient Plasma (2004)

Effects of number of ignition site on burning times and comparison between pulsed corona and spark discharges with single ignition site and the same energy show that there are two possible mechanisms— chemical and geometric effects, which contribute to shortening delay and rise times of pulsed corona ignitions, respectively. Burning time shortening has also be demonstrated in a geometrically IC engine like combustion chamber at elevated pressure. Discharge efficiency of pulsed corona discharge is observed much higher than spark discharge.
Computational methods in radionuclide dosimetry (1996)

The various approaches in radionuclide dosimetry depend on the size and spatial relation of the sources and targets considered in conjunction with the emission range of the radionuclide used. We present some of the frequently reported computational techniques on the basis of the source/target size. For whole organs, or for sources or targets bigger than some centimetres, the acknowledged standard was introduced 30 years ago by the MIRD committee and is still being updated. That approach, based on the absorbed fraction concept, is mainly used for radioprotection purposes but has been updated to take into account the dosimetric challenge raised by therapeutic use of vectored radiopharmaceuticals. At this level, the most important computational effort is in the field of photon dosimetry. On the millimetre scale, photons can often be disregarded, and or electron dosimetry is generally reported. Heterogeneities at this level are mainly above the cell level, involving groups of cell or a part of an organ. The dose distribution pattern is often calculated by generalizing a point source dose distribution, but direct calculation by Monte Carlo techniques is also frequently reported because it allows media of inhomogeneous density to be considered. At the cell level, and electron (low-range or Auger) are the predominant emissions examined. Heterogeneities in the dose distribution are taken into account, mainly to determine the mean dose at the nucleus. At the DNA level, Auger electrons or -particles are considered from a microdosimetric point of view. These studies are often connected with radiobiological experiments on radionuclide toxicity.
Mechanisches Verhalten L-PBF-gefertigter Gitterstrukturen (2019)

No AccessRapid.Tech + FabCon 3.D International Hub for Additive Manufacturing: Exhibition + Conference + NetworkingJul 2019Mechanical Properties of L-PBF-made Lattice StructuresLena Farahbod-Sternahl, Yasin Ugur, Christian Läßig, Anna Schulze, Tobias Thiede, Christoph Haberland, Sebastian Piegert, Martin Leary, Heinz Voggenreiter, Gerd WittLena Farahbod-SternahlSearch for more papers by this author, Yasin UgurSearch for more papers by this author, Christian LäßigSearch for more papers by this author, Anna SchulzeSearch for more papers by this author, Tobias ThiedeSearch for more papers by this author, Christoph HaberlandSearch for more papers by this author, Sebastian PiegertSearch for more papers by this author, Martin LearySearch for more papers by this author, Heinz VoggenreiterSearch for more papers by this author, Gerd WittUniversität Duisburg-Essen, Institut für Produkt Engineering, DuisburgSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446462441.027SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2019Pages: 389-402Print ISBN: 978-3-446-46223-6eISBN: 978-3-446-46244-1 Copyright & Permissions© 2019 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
FEATUREHOUSE: Language-independent, automated software composition (2009)

Superimposition is a composition technique that has been applied successfully in many areas of software development. Although superimposition is a general-purpose concept, it has been (re)invented and implemented individually for various kinds of software artifacts. We unify languages and tools that rely on superimposition by using the language-independent model of feature structure trees (FSTs). On the basis of the FST model, we propose a general approach to the composition of software artifacts written in different languages, Furthermore, we offer a supporting framework and tool chain, called FEATUREHOUSE. We use attribute grammars to automate the integration of additional languages, in particular, we have integrated Java, C#, C, Haskell, JavaCC, and XML. Several case studies demonstrate the practicality and scalability of our approach and reveal insights into the properties a language must have in order to be ready for superimposition.
A peritoneal marker for optimal timing of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt revision in early childhood (1998)

The ventriculo-peritoneal shunt placed in a neonate or infant needs revision to lengthen the peritoneal tube at certain times during childhood. The critical time for this revision is not exactly the same between individuals. Furthermore, the level of peritoneal insertion of the shunt tube is often unclear on x-ray films. To plan for and determine the optimal timing of revision, we applied a titanium clip on the peritoneal suture line in three infants as a marker of peritoneal insertion level. During the 31- to 37-month follow-up period, abdominal x-ray clearly demonstrated the peritoneal insertion level in all three patients, allowing accurate determination of the length of the intraperitoneal portion (i.p.) of the shunt tube. The rate of shortening of the length of i.p was 20 to 27% of the increase in body height (BH). This technique allows accurate determination of the length of i.p. and also optimal timing for revision.
In vitro evaluation of the antineoplastic activity of combretastatin A-4, a natural product from Combretum caffrum (arid shrub) (1993)

Combretastatin A-4 is a natural product which was isolated from the South African tree Combretum caffrum. In this study, the cytotoxic activity of combretastatin A-4 was tested in radiometric and human tumor cloning assays against eight different tumor cell lines and against 15 patient tumors in the human tumor cloning assay. To test the preferential cytotoxicity of combretastatin A-4 against tumor cells versus non-tumor cells, it was also tested in the radiometric assay against both normal human diploid fibroblasts and human bone marrow cells. Of the eight cell lines used, combretastatin A-4 showed preferential cytotoxicity for six of them. In addition, combretastatin A-4 showed a concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against a variety of human tumors. Based on the data generated in this study, combretastatin A-4 should be further tested in in vivo preclinical models.
A design of multi band chip antenna with the shorting pin for mobile handsets (2007)

The novel monopole chip antenna of multi-band operation for wireless communication is proposed. This antenna occupies a small volume 6 x 30 x 3.2 m3 and is suitable to be embedded in a mobile phone as an internal antenna. Also, the proposed antenna is assumed to be installed at the mobile handset whose size is 35 x 85 mm2. The minimization of the antenna was realized by using spiral line, meander line and branch structure on FR-4 of dielectric permittivity ɛr=4.4 with a single shorting pin and a gap feeding. The antenna is SMD(Surface Mount Device) type to be easily installed in the practical mobile handset. I used PCB(Printing Circuit Board) technology which can allow this antenna to be produced massively with low cost. The antenna has been designed by a commercial software HFSS. (4 pages)
Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Pentachlorophenol from Pressure-Treated Wood (1997)

Abstract The extraction of pentachlorophenol (PCP) from pressure-treated wood wafers with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was studied in a continuous-flow extractor. PCP extraction rates were determined as a function of pressure (17.5–25 MPa), temperature (313–353 K), flow rate (1–3 mL/min at supercritical conditions), and sample size (0.8 × 10 × 50 mm and 2.2 × 10 × 50 mm) by measuring PCP concentrations in the extractor effluent intermittently. The rate of extraction increased with an increase in solvent pressure and a decrease in particle size. A fundamental model was developed which includes rates of intraparticle diffusion, external film mass transfer, linear desorption isotherms, and initial distribution of PCP between pore volume (cell lumen) and pore surfaces (cell wall) of wood wafers. The overall mass transfer coefficient and the rate of extraction increased with an increase in solvent pressure, temperature, and flow rate. The adsorption equilibrium coefficients of PCP with wood substance were very small, and more than 80% of the PCP was found to be in the cell lumen initially.
Simultaneous removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater by coupling two-step anaerobic digestion with a sequencing batch reactor (1998)

The objective of this study was to develop an integrated process for simultaneous removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from industrial wastewaters. The process consisted of a-two step anaerobic digestion reactor, for carbon removal, coupled with a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for nutrient removal. In the proposed process, carbon is eliminated into biogas by anaerobic digestion: acidogenesis and methanogenesis. The volatile fatty acids (VFA) produced during the first step of anaerobic digestion can be used as electron donors for both dephosphatation and denitrification. In the third reactor (SBR) dephosphatation and nitrification are induced through the application of an anaerobic–aerobic cycle. This paper describes the first trials and experiments on the SBR and a period of 210 days during which the SBR was connected to the acidogenic and methanogenic reactors. It was shown that nitrification of ammonia took place in the SBR reactor, during the aerobic phase. Furthermore, denitrification and VFA production were achieved together in the acidogenic reactor, when the efflux of nitrates from the SBR reactor was added to the first reactor influx. The proposed process was fed with a synthetic industrial wastewater, the composition of which was: total organic carbon (TOC)=2200 mg dm−3, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)=86 mg dm−3, phosphorus under phosphate form (P-PO4)=20 mg dm−3. In these conditions, removals of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were 98%, 78% and 95% respectively. The results show that the combination of the two-step anaerobic digestion reactor and an SBR reactor is effective for simultaneous carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Reactor arrangements enabled zones of bacterial populations to exist. Complete denitrification occurred in the acidogenic reactor and hence the anaerobic activity was not reduced or inhibited by the presence of nitrate, thus allowing high TOC removal. Stable phosphorus release and phosphorus uptake took place in the SBR after coupling of the three reactors. A fast-settling compact sludge was generated in the SBR with the operational conditions applied, thus giving good separation of supernatant fluid. The benefits from this process are the saving of (i) an external carbon source for denitrification and phosphorus removal, (ii) a reactor for the denitrification step. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry
Amino acid receptors and uptake systems in the mammalian central nervous system. (1988)

The inhibitory and excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian central nervous system mediate functionally opposite synaptic responses yet appear to share certain structural features. Recent conceptual advances in this field have relied heavily on information obtained by single channel analyses, by the expression of receptors in oocytes, and by autoradiographic studies of receptor distribution among brain receptors. This article reviews the pharmacology, cellular physiology, and regional distribution of these receptors and discusses their role in several well-characterized neurological disease states. Also reviewed are the recent advances made in purifying (in some instances cloning) the receptors and uptake sites involved in synaptic transmission in the brain. Throughout, the emphasis is on synthesis and concept rather than on methodological detail.
A new approach to implement synchronous demultiplexers in high-speed ISDN switching network (2001)

This paper proves that a synchronous demultiplexer has the same logic function as a synchronous multiplexer. A new approach is proposed to implement synchronous demultiplexers in high-speed ISDN switching networks. A synchronous demultiplexer is designed utilizing the same structure as a synchronous shuffle multiplexer. Both the theoretical analysis and experimental results show that for the same capacity, the new method is more tolerant of signal delay variation, so a very high-speed synchronous demultiplexer can be designed with the larger capacity required in large capacity synchronous switching networks.
Softwarization and Network Coding in the Mobile Edge Cloud for the Tactile Internet (2018)

Future communication systems, such as those enabling the Tactile Internet, will face disruptive changes compared to the state-of-the-art systems, which are 1) highly dynamic topology changes; 2) replacement of the end-to-end paradigm by real mesh topologies; and 3) a massive number of devices. To overcome these disruptive changes, future communication systems will substitute specialized hardware with generic hardware boxes and the softwarization paradigm. Furthermore, this approach will allow for a quick deployment of new services, which was known to the cloud service already. In this paper, we will introduce the most prominent candidates for softwarization such as software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) and explain the importance of these technologies for the upcoming 5G communication system and Tactile Internet applications realizing novel mobile edge computing, storage, and networking solutions. Specifically, we will discuss use cases of SDN/NFV such as network coding as a service, and ultrareliable distributed edge caching. Finally, we will describe our holistic testbed at the 5G Lab Germany as a fundamental step toward creating an experiment infrastructure that anticipates the 5G communication systems and Tactile Internet applications.
Barbituric Acid Initiated Rearrangement of 2,2‘-Pyridil into 5,5‘-(2-pyrilidine)bisbarbituric Acid (2002)

[reaction: see text] In the study of the barbituric acid initiated 2,2'-pyridil rearrangement, a very efficient synthetic procedure (isolated yield 80-90%) for the preparation of useful 2-pyrilidenes 3 was developed.
Fast FEC synchronization for 10G Ethernet receiver (2010)

The synchronization duration is longer in 10G Ethernet application compare with previous ones due to higher performance and reliability requirement. In worse case, a 2112-bit FEC block in 10G/40G/100G Ethernet applications needs around 9 million bit cycles to achieve synchronized status. This paper introduces a faster method to synchronize the FEC block. Add a smart shift to drop less frame bits and re-use FEC decoder components can help to reduce the synchronization time to 26% compare with traditional way.
Mimiviruses and Marseilleviruses, the Largest Known Viruses (2013)

Abstract Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus was discovered in 2003 but was isolated two decades ago during the investigation of a pneumonia outbreak, while trying to isolate Legionella ‐like bacterial pathogens that infect and survive in amoebae. Acanthamoeba polyphaga marseillevirus was isolated five years thereafter. These two viruses are the founding members of two new viral families whose members are the largest known viruses based on the sizes of the capsid and the genome. Beyond being giant, mimiviruses and marseilleviruses exhibit several unexpected and remarkable features. Their genomes encode proteins involved in translation, these viruses harbour messenger ribonucleic acid in addition to their double‐stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) genome, and their gene repertoire indicates that they have a common ancestral origin with other large DNA viruses. Finally, mimiviruses and marseilleviruses are likely to be common in our biosphere and have begun to be isolated from humans. Key Concepts: Mimiviruses and marseilleviruses are giant viruses that infect phagocytic protists (Acanthamoeba spp. in most cases). Mimiviruses are the largest known viruses, and their genomes are the largest among viruses and are larger than those of the smallest cellular life. Mimiviruses and marseilleviruses differ greatly from ‘classical’ viruses in several respects. Mimiviruses and marseilleviruses are linked by phylogeny based on certain genes and their core genomes to the members of the five families of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses; these seven families were recently proposed to be assigned to a new viral order, Megavirales. The mosaic gene repertoires of mimiviruses and marseilleviruses are likely linked to their sympatric lifestyle within phagocytic protistan grazers. Mimiviruses and marseilleviruses are common in our biosphere. Mimiviruses may cause pneumonia in humans.
Genomic and Phenotypic Trait Variation of the Opportunistic Human Pathogen Aspergillus flavus and Its Close Relatives (2022)

Fungal diseases affect millions of humans annually, yet fungal pathogens remain understudied. The mold Aspergillus flavus can cause both aspergillosis and fungal keratitis infections, but closely related species are not considered clinically relevant. To study the evolution of A. flavus pathogenicity, we examined genomic and phenotypic traits of two strains of A. flavus and three closely related species, Aspergillus arachidicola (two strains), Aspergillus parasiticus (two strains), and Aspergillus nomiae (one strain). We identified >3,000 orthologous proteins unique to A. flavus, including seven biosynthetic gene clusters present in A. flavus strains and absent in the three nonpathogens. We characterized secondary metabolite production for all seven strains under two clinically relevant conditions, temperature and salt concentration. Temperature impacted metabolite production in all species, whereas salinity did not affect production of any species. Strains of the same species produced different metabolites. Growth under stress conditions revealed additional heterogeneity within species. Using the invertebrate fungal disease model Galleria mellonella, we found virulence of strains of the same species varied widely; A. flavus strains were not more virulent than strains of the nonpathogens. In a murine model of fungal keratitis, we observed significantly lower disease severity and corneal thickness for A. arachidicola compared to other species at 48 h postinfection, but not at 72 h. Our work identifies variations in key phenotypic, chemical, and genomic attributes between A. flavus and its nonpathogenic relatives and reveals extensive strain heterogeneity in virulence that does not correspond to the currently established clinical relevance of these species. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Aspergillus flavus is a filamentous fungus that causes opportunistic human infections, such as aspergillosis and fungal keratitis, but its close relatives are considered nonpathogenic. To begin understanding how this difference in pathogenicity evolved, we characterized variation in infection-relevant genomic, chemical, and phenotypic traits between strains of A. flavus and its relatives. We found extensive variation (or strain heterogeneity) within the pathogenic A. flavus as well as within its close relatives, suggesting that strain-level differences may play a major role in the ability of these fungi to cause disease. Surprisingly, we also found that the virulence of strains from species not considered to be pathogens was similar to that of A. flavus in both invertebrate and murine models of disease. These results contrast with previous studies on Aspergillus fumigatus, another major pathogen in the genus, for which significant differences in infection-relevant chemical and phenotypic traits are observed between closely related pathogenic and nonpathogenic species.