gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional COMT Val158Met Polymorphism, Risk of Acute Coronary Events and Serum Homocysteine: The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (2020)

BackgroundThe role of circulating levels of total homocysteine tHcy in the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) is still under debate. One reason for conflicting results between previous studies on homocysteine and heart diseases could be consequence of different interactions between homocysteine and genes in different study populations. Many genetic factors play a role in folate-homocysteine metabolism, like functional polymorphism (Val108Met) in the Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene.Methodology and FindingsOur aim was to examine the role of COMT Val158Met polymorphism and interaction of this polymorphism with serum tHcy and folate concentration on the risk of acute coronary and events in middle-aged men from eastern Finland. A population-based prospective cohort of 792 men aged 46–64 years was examined as part of the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. During an average follow-up of 9.3 years, there were 69 acute coronary events in men with no previous history of CHD. When comparing the COMT low activity genotype with the others, we found an age and examination year adjusted hazard rate ratio (HRR) of 1.73 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07–2.79), and an age, examination year, serum LDL and HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride concentration, systolic blood pressure and smoking adjusted HRR of 1.77 (95% CI, 1.05–2.77). Although serum tHcy concentration was not statistically significantly associated with acute coronary events (HRR for the highest third versus others 1.52, 95% CI, 0.93–2.49), subjects with both high serum tHcy and the COMT low activity genotype had an additionally increased adjusted risk of HRR 2.94 (95% CI 1.50–5.76) as compared with other men.ConclusionsThis prospective cohort study suggests that the functional COMT Val158Met polymorphism is associated with increased risk of acute coronary events and it may interact with high serum tHcy levels.
Cationic polymerizations of 2‐alkyloxazolines catalyzed by bismuth salts (2008)

Abstract Acidic bismuth salts, such as BiCl 3 , BiBr 3 , BiJ 3 , and Bi‐triflate catalyzed the ring‐opening polymerization of 2‐methoxazoline (MOZ) in bulk at 100 °C, whereas less acidic salts such as Bi 2 O 3 or Bi(III)acetate did not. Bi‐triflate‐catalyzed polymerizations of 2‐ethyloxazoline (EtOZ) were performed with variation of the monomer–catalyst ratio ( M / C ). It was found that the molecular weights were independent of the M / C ratio. The formation of cationic chain ends and the absence of cycles was proven by reactions of virgin polymerization products with N , N ‐dimethyl‐4‐aminopyridine or triphenylphosphine. The resulting polymers having modified cationic chain ends were characterized by 1 H NMR spectroscopy and MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry. The polymerization mechanism including chain‐transfer reactions is discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 4777–4784, 2008
Improving Occluded Face Recognition with Image Fusion (2020)

The application of vision technology has penetrated into many fields such as tourism, education, government affairs, housing, Internet applications, etc. Among them, face recognition technology has been closely related to our lives, such as mobile phone unlocking, attendance check-in, residential access control, etc., resulting in an increasing demand for high success rate face recognition. The recent new crown virus epidemic has caused many people to wear masks to go out, and the masks covering the face will reduce the effective recognition rate. In order to improve the inconvenience caused by masks to the application of face recognition technology, we try to apply image fusion technology to improve the success rate of face recognition. We compared the recognition rates of six common image fusion technologies. These technologies use the Labeled Faces in the Wild database as the data source and the Iterative Weighted Regular Robust Coding (IR3C) algorithm as the evaluation method. The final results show that the use of these image fusion technologies can greatly improve the recognition success rate of images occluded by masks. In particular, the weighted average technique and principal component analysis give a stable performance on recognition accuracy of 99.6% and 99.0% in a relatively small-scale data set, while the LFW simulated masked face dataset provided by Wuhan University that did not perform image fusion Only has a recognition rate of 85.4%. The application of image fusion can solve some limitations in the use of face recognition and bring more convenience to various fields.
Recent Dispersion Technology Using Liquid Crystal (2018)

Lyotropic liquid crystals have prospective potentials for several industrial applications and also being a key technology in terms of the quality assurance of a product, drug carrier, as well as interpretation of biological phenomena. This chapter will provide the recent topics on several applications of liquid crystals in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields and review how to generate the lyotropic liquid crystals in the amphiphilic material system on the basis of the phase behavior and why the liquid crystal structure can impact the respective application.
A Research on Aspirin Sustained-Release Formulation (1997)

AbstractFormulation design is a time-consuming work. Much effort has been made to simplify it by using experimental design or statistical analysis. In this work, polynomial regression and response surface methodology was used to characterize the relationship between tablet dissolution and HPMC content, and/or viscosity. The results revealed that through the combination of HPMC viscosity and content in formulation, an ideal dissolution projile could be produced. Pharmacokinetic research showed that a good linear correlation existed between absorption in vivo and dissolution in vitro. Dissolution could be used in quality controlling of aspirin sustained-release dosage forms.
Modern French Short Stories, Fannière, E. Oxford University Press (1960)

"Modern French Short Stories, Fannière, E. Oxford University Press." Canadian Modern Language Review, 16(4), p. 54
MyD88 controls airway epithelial Muc5ac expression during TLR activation conditions from agricultural organic dust exposure (2018)

Inflammation from airborne microbes can overwhelm compensatory mucociliary clearance mechanisms, leading to mucous cell metaplasia. Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation via myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling is central to pathogen responses. We have previously shown that agricultural organic dust extract (ODE), with abundant microbial component diversity, activates TLR-induced airway inflammation. With the use of an established model, C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and global MyD88 knockout (KO) mice were treated with intranasal inhalation of ODE or saline, daily for 1 wk. ODE primarily increased mucin (Muc)5ac levels relative to Muc5b. Compared with ODE-challenged WT mice, ODE-challenged, MyD88-deficient mice demonstrated significantly increased Muc5ac immunostaining, protein levels by immunoblot, and expression by quantitative PCR. The enhanced Muc5ac levels in MyD88-deficient mice were not explained by differences in the differentiation program of airway secretory cells in naïve mice. Increased Muc5ac levels in MyD88-deficient mice were also not explained by augmented inflammation, IL-17A, or neutrophil elastase levels. Furthermore, the enhanced airway mucins in the MyD88-deficient mice were not due to defective secretion, as the mucin secretory capacity of MyD88-KO mice remained intact. Finally, ODE-induced Muc5ac levels were enhanced in MyD88-deficient airway epithelial cells in vitro. In conclusion, MyD88 deficiency enhances airway mucous cell metaplasia under environments with high TLR activation.
Improvement of the plastid transformation protocol by modifying tissue treatment at pre- and post-bombardment in tobacco (2012)

Plastid transformation in higher plants has been established in tobacco using particle bombardment, and the protocol has been used as a model in other plant species; however, as target materials, tobacco leaves may be partially exposed to unexpected abiotic stresses―drought stress during post-bombardment culture and damage due to cutting before selection culture. Plastid transformation efficiency may be increased by modification of leaf treatment to lessen such damage. In the modified protocol, tobacco leaves were cut into pieces (5×5 mm) and placed on the culture medium plate (approximately fifty pieces per plate) for one day before bombardment. After bombardment, these pieces were transferred onto the non-selection medium and cultured for three days; they were then transferred onto spectinomycin selection culture medium. A transformation vector containing an aminoglycoside 3′-adenylyltransferase gene and a green fluorescence protein gene were used for plastid transformation. Approximately four independent plastid transformants per bombarded plate were obtained on average using the modified protocol; the transformation efficiency was 1.6 times higher than that in a control experiment using the standard protocol. Modified leaf treatment improved the efficiency and stability of plastid transformation. This finding should aid plastid transformant production in tobacco and other plant species.
Structure and Molecular Recognition Mechanism of IMP-13 Metallo-β-Lactamase (2020)

Multidrug resistance among Gram-negative bacteria is a major global public health threat. Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) target the most widely used antibiotic class, the β-lactams, including the most recent generation of carbapenems. Interspecies spread renders these enzymes a serious clinical threat, and there are no clinically available inhibitors. We present the crystal structures of IMP-13, a structurally uncharacterized MBL from the Gram-negative bacterium <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> found in clinical outbreaks globally, and characterize the binding using solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. The crystal structures of apo IMP-13 and IMP-13 bound to four clinically relevant carbapenem antibiotics (doripenem, ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem) are presented. Active-site plasticity and the active-site loop, where a tryptophan residue stabilizes the antibiotic core scaffold, are essential to the substrate-binding mechanism. The conserved carbapenem scaffold plays the most significant role in IMP-13 binding, explaining the broad substrate specificity. The observed plasticity and substrate-locking mechanism provide opportunities for rational drug design of novel metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors, essential in the fight against antibiotic resistance.
Flagellin Glycoproteomics of the Periodontitis Associated Pathogen Selenomonas sputigena Reveals Previously Not Described O-glycans and Rhamnose Fragment Rearrangement Occurring on the Glycopeptides (2018)

Flagellated, Gram-negative, anaerobic, crescent-shaped <i>Selenomonas</i> species are colonizers of the digestive system, where they act at the interface between health and disease. <i>Selenomonas sputigena</i> is also considered a potential human periodontal pathogen, but information on its virulence factors and underlying pathogenicity mechanisms is scarce. Here we provide the first report of a <i>Selenomonas</i> glycoprotein, showing that <i>S. sputigena</i> produces a diversely and heavily <i>O</i>-glycosylated flagellin C9LY14 as a major cellular protein, which carries various hitherto undescribed rhamnose- and <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine linked <i>O</i>-glycans in the range from mono- to hexasaccharides. A comprehensive glycomic and glycoproteomic assessment revealed extensive glycan macro- and microheterogeneity identified from 22 unique glycopeptide species. From the multiple sites of glycosylation, five were unambiguously identified on the 437-amino acid C9LY14 protein (Thr149, Ser182, Thr199, Thr259, and Ser334), the only flagellin protein identified. The <i>O</i>-glycans additionally showed modifications by methylation and putative acetylation. Some <i>O</i>-glycans carried hitherto undescribed residues/modifications as determined by their respective <i>m/z</i> values, reflecting the high diversity of native <i>S. sputigena</i> flagellin. We also found that monosaccharide rearrangement occurred during collision-induced dissociation (CID) of protonated glycopeptide ions. This effect resulted in pseudo Y1-glycopeptide fragment ions that indicated the presence of additional glycosylation sites on a single glycopeptide. CID oxonium ions and electron transfer dissociation, however, confirmed that just a single site was glycosylated, showing that glycan-to-peptide rearrangement can occur on glycopeptides and that this effect is influenced by the molecular nature of the glycan moiety. This effect was most pronounced with disaccharides. This study is the first report on <i>O</i>-linked flagellin glycosylation in a <i>Selenomonas</i> species, revealing that C9LY14 is one of the most heavily glycosylated flagellins described to date. This study contributes to our understanding of the largely under-investigated surface properties of oral bacteria. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD005859.
The Prevalence and Causes of Nocturia (2010)

Nocturia is common across populations. It is most prevalent in older people but it also affects a significant proportion of younger individuals. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility that nocturia may impact the sleep, quality of life and overall health of their patients. Since the condition is highly multifactorial, frequency-volume charts are invaluable tools for the diagnosis of underlying factors and for treatment selection.
Exposure of the orthopaedic surgeon to radiation. (1993)

A prospective study of sixty-five orthopaedic procedures performed with fluoroscopic assistance was undertaken to determine the risk to the primary orthopaedic surgeon with regard to radiation. Radiation was monitored with the use of a universal film badge placed outside the collar of a lead apron, and a gas-sterilized thermoluminescent dosimeter ring worn on each hand. The rings were changed with every operation, but the same film badge was transferred from surgeon to surgeon. The hand dominance of the surgeon, the duration of the operative procedure, the type of operation, and the total time that fluoroscopy had been used were noted. The study was conducted during twenty-one intramedullary nailing procedures (thirteen involving distal locking), forty open reductions with internal fixation (plates and screws), and four external-fixation procedures. All of the badges and rings were submitted for a report regarding radiation exposure. No relationship was found between a ring with a positive reading for exposure to radiation and the duration of the operation. Similarly, there was no correlation between a positive reading and the surgeon's hand dominance. The mean duration of the fluoroscopy was 2.3 minutes for the group for which the rings did not show a positive reading and 4.7 minutes for the group for which the rings did show a positive reading. This was a significant difference (p < 0.0001). There was no positive reading for exposure to radiation from any ring that had been worn during a procedure in which the fluoroscope had been used for less than 1.7 minutes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Glenn A. Fry Award Lecture 2011 (2012)

There has been a low level of interest in peripheral aberrations and corresponding image quality for over 200 years. Most work have been concerned with the second-order aberrations of defocus and astigmatism that can be corrected with conventional lenses. Studies have found high levels of aberration, often amounting to several dioptres, even in eyes with only small central defocus and astigmatism. My investigations have contributed to understanding shape changes in the eye with increases in myopia, changes in eye optics with ageing, and how surgical interventions intended to correct central refractive errors have unintended effects on peripheral optics.My research group has measured peripheral second- and higher-order aberrations over a 42° horizontal × 32° vertical diameter visual field. There is substantial variation in individual aberrations with age and pathology. While the higher-order aberrations in the periphery are usually small compared with second-order aberrations, they can be substantial and change considerably after refractive surgery.The thrust of my research in the next few years is to understand more about the peripheral aberrations of the human eye, to measure visual performance in the periphery and determine whether this can be improved by adaptive optics correction, to use measurements of peripheral aberrations to learn more about the optics of the eye and in particular the gradient index structure of the lens, and to investigate ways of increasing the size of the field of good retinal image quality.
Class I Histone Deacetylase Expression Has Independent Prognostic Impact in Human Colorectal Cancer: Specific Role of Class I Histone Deacetylases In vitro and In vivo (2008)

The strong prognostic impact of HDAC isoforms in colorectal cancer, the interactions of HDACs with tumor cell proliferation and differentiation in vivo, and our finding that HDACs are differentially expressed in colorectal tumors suggest that the evaluation of HDAC expression in clinical trials for HDAC inhibitors might help to identify a patient subgroup who will exceptionally profit from such a treatment.
Neuronal Inﬂuence on the Local Control of Microcirculation (2005)

The brain is a very complex structure; it is the origin of thoughts and actions, has 1011 neurons, with more than 1000-fold more dendrites. The neurons not only interact with each other but also with the surrounding glial cells. Electrical impulses propagate along dendrites and axons to communicate between pre-and postsynaptic functions. It is no wonder that these complex functions in the brain require a constant microenvironment to provide the necessary fuel (oxygen and glucose) and to transport away the waste products. In order to secure a constant microenvironment and to maintain adequate metabolism, it is important to have a precise local regulation of the cerebral circulation. Traditionally, cerebral vascular resistance is regulated by metabolic factors, chemical stimuli, perfusion pressure, and perivascular nerves (1). We have recently reviewed the neuronal messengers in the human cerebral circulation (2), with a focus on large arteries belonging to the circle of Willis and their involvement in cerebrovascular disorders. In this chapter, we focus on intracerebral microvessels and their relation to the control of the microenvironment in the brain.
Value of Concurrent Engineering for A/E/C Industry (1994)

Producing constructed facilities of the highest quality in a cost‐effective environment will benefit not only owners and end users, but also all participants engaged in the conception, design, construction, operation, maintenance, rehabilitation, or decommission phase of its life cycle. Cost‐effective and top‐quality facilities can be conceived, designed, built, and operated if these activities are not performed in a vacuum, but rather, performed in a life‐cycle context. Concurrent engineering is a philosophy, which is conducive to true life‐cycle analysis. It brings together, from project inception, multiple individuals to address all angles of a project and enables the accumulation of knowledge and information so as to reduce downstream risks and anticipate constructability, operability, and maintainability expectations. Aspects of concurrent engineering are already practiced in the architecture/engineering‐construction (A/E/C) industry in the form of Total Quality Management (TQM), constructability reviews, and partnering. Other aspects like multifunctional team formation, macrolevel reorganization, and computer‐based cooperative and distributed design still have not been adopted. This paper suggests that the A/E/C industry should continue adopting more facets of the concurrent engineering paradigm. Concurrent engineering can turn the industry's high degree of fragmentation and specialization into a strength, as opposed to a current debility.
Cytokines in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. (1993)

The authors evaluate the involvement of various cytokines (interleukin-1, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and gamma-interferon) in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. The cytokines might participate in nervous tissue damage by promoting demyelination and oligodendrocyte injury or by enhancing local immune response. In addition, several authors reported increased levels of some cytokines in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis. These findings suggest that cytokines can play a significant role in the immunopathogenesis of the disease.
Region-Specific Medial Fiber Micro-Architecture in the Longitudinal-Radial and Circumferential-Radial Planes of Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Among Bicuspid and Tricuspid Aortic Valve Patients (2013)

Aortic dissection is a life-threatening cardiovascular emergency with a high potential for death. It usually begins with an intimal tear which permits blood to enter the wall, split the media and create a false lumen, which can reenter the true lumen or exit through the adventitia causing complete rupture. A possible mechanism for dissection of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) can be the occurrence of blood pressure-induced wall stresses in excess to the adhesive strength between the degenerated aortic wall layers.
Plant Phosphorus Efficiency from Raw and Composted Agro- and Bio-Waste Anaerobic Digestates (2023)

Abstract The rising generation of organic waste (OW) can be a concern, representing at the same time a valuable opportunity for the phosphorous (P) recycling; however, yet little is known about plant-available P release from this source. In this work, two anaerobic digestates, from agro- (AW D ) and bio-waste (BW D ), and their respective composts (AW C and BW C ), were selected to assess their P-release via sequential chemical extraction (SCE) and P species via solution 31 P-NMR in NaOH+EDTA extracts. These products were also tested for the relative-P efficiency (RPE soil ) in a soil incubation (30 mg P kg −1 ), in comparison with a chemical-P source and a reference compost. The organic products were also compared for the ryegrass relative-P efficiency (RPE tissue ) at the same P-rate (30 mg P kg −1 ), in a 112-day pot experiment in an Olsen-P poor soil (&lt;3 mg kg −1 ), under a non-limiting N environment. The NaOH+EDTA extractions showed that inorganic P prevailed in all samples as proven by solution 31 P-NMR. SCE showed very different labile-P (H 2 O+NaHCO 3 ) and AW doubling BW products (84 vs. 48%); this was also confirmed by the soil incubation test in which AW D and AW C attained the best RPE soil . Pot tests generally confirmed laboratory outcomes showing that AW D and AW C attained the best RPE tissue , from 3 to 4-folds of the BW D and BW C performance. The results showed that the feedstock mainly affects plant P availability from recycled OW and that their SCE are very informative in the description of plant-available P from this type of products to be used in rational fertilization plan.