gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Metric for Performance Evaluation of Multi-Target Tracking Algorithms (2011)

Performance evaluation of multi-target tracking algorithms is of great practical importance in the design, parameter optimization and comparison of tracking systems. The goal of performance evaluation is to measure the distance between two sets of tracks: the ground truth tracks and the set of estimated tracks. This paper proposes a mathematically rigorous metric for this purpose. The basis of the proposed distance measure is the recently formulated consistent metric for performance evaluation of multi-target filters, referred to as the OSPA metric. Multi-target filters sequentially estimate the number of targets and their position in the state space. The OSPA metric is therefore defined on the space of finite sets of vectors. The distinction between filtering and tracking is that tracking algorithms output tracks and a track represents a labeled temporal sequence of state estimates, associated with the same target. The metric proposed in this paper is therefore defined on the space of finite sets of tracks and incorporates the labeling error. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed metric behaves in a manner consistent with our expectations.
Regulation of the Cell Surface Expression and Function of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor by Rab1-mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum-to-Golgi Transport in Cardiac Myocytes (2004)

Rab1 GTPase coordinates vesicle-mediated protein transport specifically from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus. We recently demonstrated that Rab1 is involved in the export of angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) to the cell surface in HEK293 cells and that transgenic mice overexpressing Rab1 in the myocardium develop cardiac hypertrophy. To expand these studies, we determined in this report whether the modification of Rab1-mediated ER-to-Golgi transport can alter the cell surface expression and function of endogenous AT1R and AT1R-mediated hypertrophic growth in primary cultures of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of wild-type Rab1 (Rab1WT) significantly increased cell surface expression of endogenous AT1R in neonatal cardiomyocytes, whereas the dominant-negative mutant Rab1N124I had the opposite effect. Brefeldin A treatment blocked the Rab1WT-induced increase in AT1R cell surface expression. Fluorescence analysis of the subcellular localization of AT1R revealed that Rab1 regulated AT1R transport specifically from the ER to the Golgi in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Consistent with their effects on AT1R export, Rab1WT and Rab1N124I differentially modified the AT1R-mediated activation of ERK1/2 and its upstream kinase MEK1. More importantly, adenovirus-mediated expression of Rab1N124I markedly attenuated the Ang II-stimulated hypertrophic growth as measured by protein synthesis, cell size, and sarcomeric organization in neonatal cardiomyocytes. In contrast, Rab1WT expression augmented the Ang II-mediated hypertrophic response. These data strongly indicate that AT1R function in cardiomyocytes can be modulated through manipulating AT1R traffic from the ER to the Golgi and provide the first evidence implicating the ER-to-Golgi transport as a regulatory site for control of cardiomyocyte growth.
Unraveling the Complex Structure of Graphite Oxide: An Interview with Tamás Szabó for Chemistry of Materials’ 1k Club (2022)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTUnraveling the Complex Structure of Graphite Oxide: An Interview with Tamás Szabó for Chemistry of Materials' 1k ClubCarlos ToroCarlos ToroMore by Carlos Torohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-462X and Sara E. SkrabalakSara E. SkrabalakMore by Sara E. Skrabalakhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1873-100XCite this: Chem. Mater. 2022, 34, 19, 8469–8470Publication Date (Web):October 11, 2022Publication History Received15 September 2022Published online11 October 2022Published inissue 11 October 2022https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c02840https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c02840editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © Published 2022 by American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views556Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (3 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy,Materials,Oxides,Two dimensional materials Get e-Alerts
Albumin‐based Solutions for Peritoneal Dialysis: Investigations with a Rat Model (1995)

To evaluate albumin, an osmotic agent for peritoneal dialysis, the peritoneal fluid and solute transport were investigated during a 4-h single cycle peritoneal dialysis with albumin-based dialysis solutions. Two different albumin solutions were used in 15 normal Sprague-Dawley rats: isotonic 7.5% albumin solution (ADS 1, n = 7) and a combined 7.5% albumin and 1.35% glucose solution (ADS 2; n = 8). A standard 1.36% Dianeal solution was used to provide control values (n = 6). The rate of the intraperitoneal volume change (Qv) was positive during the initial 90 min with ADS 2 and during the initial 60 min with Dianeal 1.36% solution but negative with ADS 1. The peritoneal bulk flow reabsorption rate, Qa, was similar in all three groups. The estimated rate of transcapillary ultrafiltration (Qu = Qv + Qa) was positive with all three solutions throughout the dialysis. With ADS 1, Qu increased gradually during the initial 90 min and then remained stable, but it decreased with ADS 2 and Dianeal 1.36% solution. Qu with ADS 2 did not differ from that with Dianeal 1.36% solution during the initial 60 min, but it was significantly higher during the latter part of dialysis. The value of Qu during the last 2 h of dialysis was 0.026 +/- 0.010 and 0.025 +/- 0.009 ml/min with ADS 1 and ADS 2, respectively, and it was significantly higher than that with Dianeal 1.36% solution (0.005 +/- 0.007 ml/min; p < 0.017).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Frequency of genetic homologous recombination (HR) alterations in metastatic cutaneous melanoma. (2017)

e21033 Background: In various cancer types, cells with “BRCA-like” or HR mutations/alterations have been shown to be sensitive to PARP inhibitors in preclinical studies. In ovarian cancer, PARP inhibitors have shown improved response rate and progression-free survival in clinical studies. We investigated the frequency of HR mutations/alterations in melanoma. Methods: Comprehensive genomic profiling, (next-generation sequencing [NGS]) that included the entire coding sequence of 315 cancer-related genes was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples. The patient and tumor characteristics were obtained from electronic health records. Results: At our institution (CPMC), 59 patients underwent NGS analysis of melanoma specimens. Eighteen (30.5%) harbored a mutation in at least 1 of the HR genes in their tumor. The patient characteristics are: median age 69, male (83%), primary head and neck melanoma (61%), absence of ulceration at the primary site (86%) and mitotic rate &gt;1 mm/m2 (86%). Tumor mutation burden was high in 12 (67%) patients and low in 1 (6%) patient. The most commonly altered gene was ARID2 (11.9%), followed by ARID1A, FANCA, ATM, BRCA1 (3.4% each). Three patients had multiple HR alterations: one with mutations in ARID1A, BRCA1 and MRE11A, one with mutations in ARID2 and ATM, and one with mutations in ARID2 and CHEK2. Among the 18 patients with HR mutation(s), concurrent NF1, NRAS, BRAF (V600), and KIT mutations were found in 7 (39%), 6 (33%), 5 (28%) and 1 (6%) patients, respectively. A larger dataset analyzed by Foundation Medicine (FM) (n=1,986) showed a similar pattern: The most common mutations/alterations were ARID2, followed by ARID1A, ATM, ATRX, BRCA2, ATR, BRCA1, BRIP1 and FANCA (Table). Conclusions: HR mutations / alterations are frequently observed in metastatic melanoma. Melanomas with these alterations may represent a unique subset of patients who could potentially benefit from PARP inhibitors. [Table: see text]
Giant Electric Field Modulation of Double Exchange Ferromagnetism at Room Temperature in the Perovskite Manganite/Titanatep−nJunction (2001)

We report on the electrical modulation of double exchange ferromagnetism at room temperature in hole-doped manganites of a metal oxide p-n junction. In this (La0.9Ba0.1)MnO(3)/Nb doped SrTiO3 p-n junction, the temperature dependence of the junction resistance shows a metal-insulator transition whose temperature, corresponding to that of ferromagnetic transition, is hugely modulated from 290 to 340 K by a bias voltage increasing from +1.0 to +1.8 V. The magnetoresistance can also be modulated electrically.
Customizable Domain-Specific Computing (2010)

To meet computing needs and overcome power density limitations, the computing industry has entered the era of parallelization. However, highly parallel, general-purpose computing systems face serious challenges in terms of performance, energy, heat dissipation, space, and cost. We believe that there is significant opportunity to look beyond parallelization and focus on domain-specific customization to bring significant power-performance efficiency improvement.
Enhancing the Sensitivity of Solid-State NMR Experiments with Very Low Gyromagnetic Ratio Nuclei with Fast Magic Angle Spinning and Proton Detection (2018)

Many transition metals commonly encountered in inorganic materials and organometallic compounds possess NMR-active nuclei with very low gyromagnetic ratios (γ) such as <sup>89</sup>Y, <sup>103</sup>Rh, <sup>109</sup>Ag, and <sup>183</sup>W. A low-γ leads to poor NMR sensitivity and other experimental challenges. Consequently, nuclei with low-γ are often impossible to study with conventional solid-state NMR methods. Here, we combine fast magic angle spinning (MAS) and proton detection to enhance the sensitivity of solid-state NMR experiments with very low-γ nuclei by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Coherence transfer between <sup>1</sup>H and low-γ nuclei was performed with low-power double quantum (DQ) or zero quantum (ZQ) cross-polarization (CP) or dipolar refocused insensitive nuclei enhanced by polarization transfer (D-RINEPT). Comparison of the absolute sensitivity of CP NMR experiments performed with proton detection with 1.3 mm rotors and direct detection with 4 mm rotors shows that proton detection with a 1.3 mm rotor provides a significant boost in absolute sensitivity, while requiring approximately 1/40<sup>th</sup> of the material required to fill a 4 mm rotor. Fast MAS and proton detection were applied to obtain <sup>89</sup>Y and <sup>103</sup>Rh solid-state NMR spectra of organometallic complexes. These results demonstrate that proton detection and fast MAS represents a general approach to enable and accelerate solid-state NMR experiments with very low-γ nuclei.
Association between interluekin-17 gene polymorphisms and the risk of cervical cancer in a Chinese population. (2015)

We conducted a study to analyze the association of three common SNPs of IL-17A rs2275913 and rs3748067 and IL-17F rs763780 gene polymorphisms with the risk of cervical cancer in a Chinese population. Our study included 352 cervical cancer patients and 352 controls between January 2013 and December 2014. Genotyping of IL-17A rs2275913 and rs3748067 and IL-17F rs763780 genes was performed by multiplex PCR assays using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). By χ(2) test, there was significantly difference in the genotype distribution of IL-17A rs2275913 between cervical cancer patients and control subjects (χ(2)=11.45, P=0.003). By conditional logistic regression analysis, we found that individuals with the GA and AA genotypes were associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer when compared with the GG genotype in codominant model, and the adjusted Ors (95% CI) were 1.57 (1.13-2.18) and 2.01 (1.15-3.49), respectively. In dominant model, we found that the GA+AA genotype of rs2275913 was correlated with a moderate increased risk of cervical cancer compared with the GG genotype (OR=1.64, 95% CI=1.20-2.24). We only found significant interaction between rs2275913 polymorphism and HPV-16 or 18 infection in the risk of cervical cancer (P for interaction <0.05). In conclusion, our study suggests that IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphism may affect the development of cervical cancer in codominant and dominant models, and this gene polymorphism has interaction with HPV-16 or 18 infection.
Fast test for the durability of PEM fuel cell catalysts (2008)

ETek Pt/C catalyst was used as standard materials to develop a new test protocol for fast screening durable catalyst for PEM fuel cells. Potential step (Pstep) method with the upper potential of 1.4V and the potential-static (Pstat) holding at 1.4 V or 1.2V are used to degrade the catalyst. The degradation in the electrochemical surface area (ESA) for Pt/C under Pstep conditions is greatly accelerated as compared with that under other conditions. The durability of Pt/Vulcan and Pt/CNT were studied using the new protocol with the electrochemical stressing of Pstep(1.4V/0.6V), which provided the same results as those tested using conventional protocols: Pt/CNT is more durable than Pt/Vulcan. This confirms that the new protocol works well in screening catalyst in terms of durability. The new protocol can differentiate the durability of electrocatalysts by shortening the test time to several hours.
Clinical Uses Of Fentanyl, Sufentanil, And Alfentanil (1991)

The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical uses of fentanyl, sufentanil, and alfentanil are reviewed. The fentanyl derivatives have reduced or eliminated many of the disadvantages of opioid anesthetics, such as incomplete amnesia and undesirable hemodynamic responses to surgery. Fentanyl is 50-100 times as potent as morphine and was the first of the three to be marketed. Sufentanil is even more potent than fentanyl. Alfentanil has the fastest onset of action, followed by sufentanil and then fentanyl. Alfentanil also has the shortest duration of action of the group. Most studies of these agents have been done to assess their role as anesthetics in cardiac surgery. All three provide cardiovascular stability when administered before noxious surgical stimuli, except when given as a single bolus during the induction of anesthesia. All seem to produce adequate anesthesia, particularly when used in combination with nitrous oxide. Because of its short duration of action, alfentanil is preferred for brief procedures or when rapid changes in the level of consciousness are desired. All three agents have also been used for analgesia; epidural administration provides adequate relief of pain. Fentanyl has been formulated as a transdermal patch that seems to provide the same degree of analgesia as a continuous i.v. infusion. Fentanyl has also been formulated as an investigational lozenge that has shown advantages as a preoperative sedative in children. As more is learned about these agents, their perioperative uses for anesthesia, analgesia, and sedation will continue to be refined.
Antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetics of nitroimidazoles. A review. (1985)

The antibacterial activity of metronidazole and tinidazole are comparable. The former is subject to biotransformation with the production of both hydroxy-metronidazole and acetylmetronidazole. The hydroxylated moiety has an antibacterial activity and may act either synergistically or additively in combination with metronidazole, thus enhancing the therapeutic activity of the latter. Metronidazole and tinidazole may be given both orally and parenterally. The bioavailability of oral doses of metronidazole is 88-95%, that of tinidazole 90%. Rectal suppositories have a bioavailability of 60-70%. The serum half-life of metronidazole is 6-10 hours, that of hydroxy-metronidazole 9.5-19 hours, and that of tinidazole 9-14 hours. The half-life may be longer in patients who have undergone colorectal surgery. Renal failure enhances the elimination of hydroxy-metronidazole and acetyl-metronidazole, whereas the consequences for unchanged metronidazole are negligible. The effect of reduced renal function on tinidazole is unclear. The extravascular penetration of metronidazole and tinidazole are similar. A single prophylactic intravenous dose of 1500 mg of either drug causes prolonged antibacterial effects which would last 36-48 hours for both drugs.
New Application Design for a 3D Hydropathic Map-Based Search for Potential Water Molecules Bridging between Protein and Ligand # (2005)

The design of an extension to the HINT (Hydropathic INTeractions) program for locating and automatically placing in relevant orientations bridging water molecules is described in detail. This application is used to analyze the structures of HIV–1 protease–inhibitor complexes for five key bridging water molecules. The tool locates the water molecules with an overall accuracy of 1.28 ± 0.55 A, and orients them (relative to potentially erroneous molecular mechanics optimized water molecules) to 41 ± 23 degrees. This automated placement is in contrast to other programs that calculate 3D contour maps of energetically–likely binding locations for water molecules, which must be followed by manual placement and energy minimization of these water positions and orientations to create the model. Also, the new object–oriented toolkit design for the HINT program (http://www.edusoft–lc.com/toolkits/) is described. The toolkit includes molecule, atom and monomer objects to represent chemical structure. A second class of objects describes 3D maps and includes tools for their manipulation. The hint objects are designed around the primary goals of HINT: partitioning (calculating LogPo/w for) molecules, calculating interaction scores between molecules and calculating 3D maps of molecular and intermolecular hydropathy.
Site-Specific Study on Stabilization of Acid-Generating Mine Tailings Using Coal Fly Ash (2006)

A site-specific study on stabilizing acid-generating mine tailings from Sudbury Mine using a coal fly ash from Nanticoke Generating Station is presented in this paper. The objective of the study is to evaluate the feasibility of codisposal of the fly ash and mine tailings to reduce environmental impacts of Sudbury tailings disposal sites. The study includes three phases, i.e., characterization of the mine tailings, and coal fly ash, oxidation tests on the mine tailings and kinetic column permeation tests. The results of the experiments indicate that when permeated with acid mine drainage, the hydraulic conductivity of Nanticoke coal fly ash decreased more than three orders of magnitude (from 1×10−6 to 1×10−9cm∕s), mainly due to chemical reactions between the ash solids and acid mine drainage. Furthermore, the hydraulic gradient required for acid mine drainage to break through the coal fly ash is increased up to ten times (from 17 to 150) as compared with that for water. The results also show that the leachate from coal fly ash neutralizes the acidic pore fluid of mine tailings. The concentrations of trace elements in effluents from all kinetic column permeation tests indicated that coplacement of coal fly ash with mine tailings has the benefit of immobilizing trace elements, especially heavy metals. All regulated element concentrations from effluent during testing are well below the leachate quality criteria set by the local regulatory authority.
ChemInform Abstract: PALLADIA‐CYCLOPENTADIEN‐ UND PLATINIA‐CYCLOPENTADIEN‐KOMPLEXE ALS ZWISCHENSTUFEN BEI PD(0)‐ UND PT(0)‐KATALYSIERTEN CYCLOTRIMERISIERUNGSRK. VON ACETYLENEN (1972)

Abstract Der Palladium‐Komplex (I) reagiert mit Acetylendicarbonsäuredimethylester (II) zum Komplex (III), der mit verschiedenen Liganden zu (IV) bzw. (V) und mit Brom zum Dibromid (VI) umgesetzt wird.
Design, Synthesis, and Docking Studies of Novel Benzimidazoles for the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome (2010)

In addition to lowering blood pressure, telmisartan, an angiotensin (AT(1)) receptor blocker, has recently been shown to exert pleiotropic effects as a partial agonist of nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma). On the basis of these findings and docking pose similarity between telmisartan and rosiglitazone in PPAR gamma active site, two classes of benzimidazole derivatives were designed and synthesized as dual PPAR gamma agonist/angiotensin II antagonists for the possible treatment of metabolic syndrome. Compound 4, a bisbenzimidazole derivative showed the best affinity for the AT(1) receptor with a K(i) = 13.4 nM, but it was devoid of PPAR gamma activity. On the other hand 9, a monobenzimidazole derivative, showed the highest activity in PPAR gamma transactivation assay (69% activation) with no affinity for the AT(1) receptor. Docking studies lead to the designing of a molecule with dual activity, 10, with moderate PPARgamma activity (29%) and affinity for the AT(1) receptor (K(i) = 2.5 microM).
Circulating osteopontin released by injured kidneys causes pulmonary inflammation and edema (2021)

Abstract Multiorgan failure is devastating, and its mechanisms and mediators are not clear. Tissue injury in one organ appears to trigger disease in remote organs. Kidney and lung are frequently affected, such as when acute kidney injury (AKI) causes acute lung injury (ALI), a frequent clinical condition with high mortality. Here we identify factors secreted from the injured kidney that cause acute lung injury. We developed a murine model mimicking the generation of respiratory failure following acute kidney injury. To identify interorgan crosstalk mediators involved, we performed scRNAseq of mouse kidneys and lungs after AKI. We then applied ligand-receptor (L-R) pairing analysis across cells residing in kidney (ligands) or lung (receptors) to identify kidney-released circulating osteopontin (OPN) as a novel mediator of AKI-induced ALI (AKI-ALI). OPN release very early after AKI largely from tubule cells triggered neutrophil and macrophage infiltration into lungs associated with endothelial leakage, interstitial edema, and functional impairment. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of OPN prevented AKI-ALI. Transplantation of ischemic wt kidneys into wt mice caused AKI-ALI, while transplantation of ischemic OPN-global-knockout kidneys failed to induce lung endothelial leakage and AKI-ALI, identifying circulating kidney-released OPN as sufficient to cause AKI-ALI in vivo . We show that AKI in humans results in elevations in OPN levels in the serum. Increased serum OPN levels in patients with multiorgan failure have been shown to positively correlate with reduced kidney function, respiratory failure, and mortality. Thus, our results identifying OPN as a mediator of AKI-ALI may have important therapeutic implications in human AKI-ALI and multiorgan failure.