gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrating Molecular Dynamics for DNA Bio-Chip Fabrication and Hybridization Automation (2005)

Integrating molecular dynamics for DNA bio- chip fabrication and hybridization automation is promising. The challenge is on obtaining dynamic models for micro- /nano-scale system controls. This paper concerns dynamics of single-stranded DNA molecules tethered to substrate surfaces. A nonlinear control model based on the dynamics model is proposed for DNA bio-chip fabrication and hybridization automation. The contributions of this paper consist of a nonlinear control model for single-stranded DNA molecules tethered to silica surfaces, and integration of the dynamics model for wafer-scale bio-chip fabrication and hybridization automation. I. INTRODUCTION DNA bio-chips discussed in this paper are devices made of less than 100 bases single-stranded DNA molecules tethered to substrate surfaces. Examples of DNA bio-chips include DNA bio-sensors and DNA microarrrays. Dynamics of DNA molecules tethered to surfaces is very important for bio-chip fabrication and hybridization. Unfortunately, most of current understandings of the dynamics take place at micro-level. Many physical observations lack high lateral resolutions in nano-scale for further understanding and miniaturization of the chips. Very little is known about the structure and physical behaviors of DNA molecules and their interactions with substrate surfaces, which are important not only for designing, optimizing DNA bio- chips, but also for controlling dynamics behavior of the DNA molecules during the DNA chip fabrication and hy- bridization processes. During DNA microarray hybridization process, single- stranded DNA molecules find their complimentary se-
CT Appearance of Cerebellar Glioblastoma Multiforme (1983)

We report a case of cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme in a young adult. The rarity of this tumor in this location is discussed along with its computed tomographic appearance.
Development of Various Photovoltaic‐Driven Water Electrolysis Technologies for Green Solar Hydrogen Generation (2021)

Direct solar hydrogen generation via a combination of photovoltaics (PV) and water electrolysis can potentially ensure a sustainable energy supply while minimizing greenhouse emissions. The PECSYS project aims at demonstrating a solar‐driven electrochemical hydrogen generation system with an area &gt;10 m 2 with high efficiency and at reasonable cost. Thermally integrated PV electrolyzers (ECs) using thin‐film silicon, undoped, and silver‐doped Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 and silicon heterojunction PV combined with alkaline electrolysis to form one unit are developed on a prototype level with solar collection areas in the range from 64 to 2600 cm 2 with the solar‐to‐hydrogen (StH) efficiency ranging from ≈4 to 13%. Electrical direct coupling of PV modules to a proton exchange membrane EC to test the effects of bifaciality (730 cm 2 solar collection area) and to study the long‐term operation under outdoor conditions (10 m 2 collection area) is also investigated. In both cases, StH efficiencies exceeding 10% can be maintained over the test periods used. All the StH efficiencies reported are based on measured gas outflow using mass flow meters.
Patient-Specific Screening Using High-Grade Glioma Explants to Determine Potential Radiosensitization by a TGF-β Small Molecule Inhibitor (2016)

High-grade glioma (HGG), a deadly primary brain malignancy, manifests radioresistance mediated by cell-intrinsic and microenvironmental mechanisms. High levels of the cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in HGG promote radioresistance by enforcing an effective DNA damage response and supporting glioma stem cell self-renewal. Our analysis of HGG TCGA data and immunohistochemical staining of phosphorylated Smad2, which is the main transducer of canonical TGF-β signaling, indicated variable levels of TGF-β pathway activation across HGG tumors. These data suggest that evaluating the putative benefit of inhibiting TGF-β during radiotherapy requires personalized screening. Thus, we used explant cultures of seven HGG specimens as a rapid, patient-specific ex vivo platform to test the hypothesis that LY364947, a small molecule inhibitor of the TGF-β type I receptor, acts as a radiosensitizer in HGG. Immunofluorescence detection and image analysis of γ-H2AX foci, a marker of cellular recognition of radiation-induced DNA damage, and Sox2, a stem cell marker that increases post-radiation, indicated that LY364947 blocked these radiation responses in five of seven specimens. Collectively, our findings suggest that TGF-β signaling increases radioresistance in most, but not all, HGGs. We propose that short-term culture of HGG explants provides a flexible and rapid platform for screening context-dependent efficacy of radiosensitizing agents in patient-specific fashion. This time- and cost-effective approach could be used to personalize treatment plans in HGG patients.
An extension to Fisher Linear Semi-Discriminant analysis for Speaker Diarization (2014)

The Fisher Linear Semi-Discriminant Analysis is used in Speaker Diarization to project acoustic features into a discriminant and lower dimensional space. Given that such analysis uses short segments to estimate the scatter matrices, the projection could be improved by using longer segments (i.e., more information). Since a change of speaker is more likely to occur during periods of non-speech, we propose to use segments of speech produced by the boundaries estimated from a voice activity detection method based on Hidden Markov Models. Using datasets from the NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluations, we show that the estimated segments provide a better scatter matrices for the analysis. The results show a relative improvement of 21% in the Speaker Error Time on the Switchboard corpus used in the evaluations.
Chronic exposure of primates to 60‐Hz electric and magnetic fields: III. Neurophysiologic effects (1989)

The neurophysiologic effects of combined 60-Hz electric (E) and magnetic (B) fields, of magnitudes comparable to those produced by high-voltage powerlines, were investigated in 10 monkeys (Macaca nemestrina). Six animals (experimental group) were each exposed to three different levels of E and B fields: 3 kV/m and 0.1 G, 10 kV/m and 0.3 G, and 30 kV/m and 0.9 G. Field exposures were preceded and followed by sham exposures, during which factors of field generation were present (e.g., heat, vibration, noise, etc.) without E and B fields. Each of the five segments (i.e., the three exposure segments and the initial and final sham exposure segments) lasted 3 weeks. Animals were exposed for 18 h/day (fields on at 1600 h, off at 1000 h). Four other animals (external control group) were given sham exposure for the entire 15-week period. Auditory, visual, and somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded twice a week, during the daily 6-h field-off period. E- and B-field exposure had no effect on the early or mid-latency evoked potential components, suggesting that exposure at these levels has no effect on peripheral or central sensory afferent pathways. However, there was a statistically significant decrease in the amplitudes of late components of the somatosensory evoked potential during the 10kV/m and 0.3 G, and 30 kV/m and 0.9 G exposure levels. This result is possibly related to the opiate antagonist effect of electromagnetic field exposure reported by others.
Design optimization of gate-all-around vertical nanowire transistors for future memory applications (2013)

This paper investigates the application of gate-all-around (GAA) vertical nanowire transistors (VNWFET) as an access element in future non-volatile memories (NVM) such as resistive random-access memory (RRAM), phase-change random access memory (PCRAM) and spin-torque-transfer memory (STT-RAM or MRAM). We primarily choose direct-current (DC) parameters I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> and I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> /I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> as our figure of merit (FOM) and optimize the vertical nanowire FET by taking various critical process parameters into account such as channel length, fin doping, gate overlap, and cross-sectional shape of the nanowire transistor. Further, using the optimized device in a 3×3 cross-bar array arrangement, we evaluate the read/write disturb due to the active device on it's neighboring inactive devices. We show that the optimized access device can be used for a range of currents ratings required by different memory devices, I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> being as high as 0.19 A/μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> being as low as 2 nA/μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Inter-application redundancy elimination in Wireless Sensor Networks with compiler-assisted scheduling (2012)

Most current-generation Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes are equipped with multiple sensors of various types, and therefore support for multi-tasking and multiple concurrent applications is becoming increasingly common. This trend has been fostering the design of WSNs allowing several concurrent users to deploy applications with dissimilar requirements. In this paper, we extend the advantages of a holistic programming scheme by designing a novel compiler-assisted scheduling approach (called REIS) able to identify and eliminate redundancies across applications. To achieve this useful high-level optimization, we model each user application as a linear sequence of executable instructions. We show how well-known string-matching algorithms such as the Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) and the Shortest Common Super-sequence (SCS) can be used to produce an optimal merged monolithic sequence of the deployed applications that takes into account embedded scheduling information. We show that our approach can help in achieving about 60% average energy savings in processor usage compared to the normal execution of concurrent applications.
Syntheses of Novel Tripodal Calix[n]cryptands (n = 4, 6) and Their Extraction Abilities toward Cations (2000)

The tripodal calixcryptands have been one of the scarcely explored fields in calixarene chemistry due to the difficulties in their preparation. The strategy presented in this paper shows that novel tripodal calixcryptands can be conveniently prepared by directly treacing p-tert-butylcalix[n]arenes (n = 4, 6) with a multi-functional polypode reagent, e.g. 1,1,1-tris(tosyloxyethoxyethoxymethyl)propane or tetrakis(tosyloxyethoxyethoxymethyl)methane, under selected conditions. The first example of 1,2,4-tripodal calix[6]cryptands has been prepared. Novel calix[6]crown and doublecalix[4]arenes were co-prepared. The extraction abilities of these novel calixcryptands toward several alkali metal ions, ammonium and alkylammonium ions are presented.
Enhanced Look-Up Table Approach for Modeling of Floating Body SOI MOSFET (2017)

The Look-Up Table (LUT) approach is an effective tool for modeling semiconductor devices in the early stages of technology development for the purpose of circuit simulation. In this paper, it is shown that the conventional LUT approach leads to significant errors for SOI circuits. The cause for this discrepancy is explained. An improved LUT approach is proposed in which an auxiliary circuit is added to the conventional LUT model in order to accurately handle SOI devices. The new approach is validated for different circuits like CMOS inverter and SRAM cells. The proposed model shows substantial improvement in accuracy with 3% error as compared to 27% error in conventional LUT model.
Reduction of joint damage in severe rheumatoid arthritis by high‐dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (2005)

The results of the present analysis demonstrate major beneficial effects of HDC + ASCT on the rate of joint destruction during the first 2 years of followup after treatment.
A new fuzzy-based supervisory control concept for the demand-responsive optimization of HVAC control systems (2002)

In many cases the user of multivariable control systems is interested in operating them in a demand- or event-responsive manner according to various, sometimes opposing performance criteria, e.g. within well isolated low-energy houses there is an increasing requirement to coordinate the control of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems (HVAC) in such a way that both economy and comfort criteria can be considered with a user-specific tradeoff. In order to find an online solution of this multiobjective process optimization problem, a new supervisory control concept has been developed at IITB. By means of a simple slide button the user is enable to choose his individual weighting factors for the economy and comfort criteria which are taken to optimize the reference commands of heating and ventilation controllers. The disturbing influence of external climate changes is considered as well as variations of the room occupancy. The performance of the fuzzy-based multiobjective optimization concept which has been implemented and is being trialled in a test environment at IITB is analyzed and discussed by means of practice-relevant simulation results.
ChemInform Abstract: Photofragmentation of OClO(A2A2 v1v2v3) → Cl(2PJ) + O2. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
CFTR Gene Transfer Reduces the Binding of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa to Cystic Fibrosis Respiratory Epithelium (1996)

Much of the morbidity and mortality seen in cystic fibrosis (CF) is related to chronic infection of the respiratory tract with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Some studies have attributed the strong relationship between CF and Pseudomonas colonization to the presence of increased numbers of specific cell-surface receptors, although other work suggests that this relates to the presence of mucus. Several groups are now assessing the use of gene transfer as a novel form of treatment for CF. We have examined whether P. aeruginosa binding to freshly obtained CF respiratory epithelial cells is increased, and have studied the effects of transfer of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene on this attachment. Binding of P. aeruginosa to noncultured nasal epithelial cells from both CF patients (n = 31) and healthy controls (n = 15) was studied with scanning electron microscopy. Binding was also assessed for CF cells following transfection with CFTR/liposome complexes. Epifluorescence microscopy was used to assess the effects of gene transfer on chloride fluxes. Adherence of P. aeruginosa directly to the cell surface of CF airway epithelium was significantly (P < 0.001) increased over that in non-CF controls. Liposome-mediated CFTR gene transfer resulted in a significant (P < 0.01) reduction in the numbers of bacteria bound to ciliated epithelial cells. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed correction of the basic chloride defect. Thus, in CF, the absence of normal CFTR results in increased binding of P. aeruginosa to respiratory epithelial cells. This abnormality can be corrected in vitro by restoration of CFTR function. This has important implications both for the pathogenesis of CF and for the future application and assessment of gene therapy for this disease.
황사 발생 기간 동안 WRF-Chem 모델을 이용한 미세먼지 예측과 관련 기상장에 대한 민감도 분석 (2014)

이 연구의 목적은 2008년 5월 29일 우리나라에 영향을 미치는 황사를 예측하기 위해 WRF-Chem 모델 내 에어로졸 스킴과 광물성 먼지 옵션에 따른 미세먼지 농도 변화와 그에 따른 기상장의 민감도를 분석하는 것이다. 미세먼지의 인위적 배출량에 대해서는 0.5°×0.5°RETRO 전구 배출량을, 광해리의 경우 Fast-J 광해리 스킴을, 그리고 황사 발생량을 추정하기 위해 RADM2 화학메커니즘 및 MADE/SORGAM 에어로졸 시나리오, MOSAIC 8 섹션 에어로졸 시나리오, 그리고 GOCART 먼지 침식 시나리오를 각각 적용하였다. 그 결과 RADM2 화학메커니즘 및 MADE/SORGAM 에어로졸 시나리오가 다른 시나리오들보다 우리나라 황사 먼지 농도와 배경 PM 농도를 더 높게 모사하였다. 그리고 이 시나리오와 서울의 각 대기질 측정망의 평균 PM10 농도와의 비교 결과, 상관계수는 0.67, 평균제곱근오차는 44 μgm-3으로 나타났다. 또한 WRF-Chem 모델에서 상기 3가지 시나리오와 이들 시나리오가 없는 순수 기상에서의 온도, 풍속, 경계층 높이, 장파복사의 기상 민감도를 분석한 결과, 1,800-3,000 m 경계층 높이와 2-16 m s-1 풍속 U 성분의 공간적 분포가 황사 먼지 발생의 공간적 분포와 유사하게 나타났다. 그리고 GOCART 먼지 침식 시나리오와 RADM2 화학 메커니즘 및 MADE/SORGAM 에어로졸 시나리오는 황사 먼지 또는 에어로졸과 기상이 온라인으로 상호작용함으로써 지구장파복사가 더 낮게 모사되었다.
Characteristics of unsteady one-dimensionl two-phase flow (1973)

ABS>From joint meeting of the American Nuclear Society and the Atomic Industrial Forum and Nuclear Energy Exhibition; San Francisco, California, USA (11 Nov 1973). See CONF-731101-.
Proximity-effect-induced superconducting phase in the topological insulator Bi2Se3 (2012)

We have studied the electron transport properties of topological insulator-related material Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$ near the superconducting Pb-Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$ interface, and found that a superconducting state is induced over an extended volume in Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$. This state can carry a Josephson supercurrent, and demonstrates a gaplike structure in the conductance spectra as probed by a normal-metal electrode. The establishment of the gap is not by confining the electrons into a narrow space close to the superconductor-normal metal interface, as previously observed in other systems, but presumably via electron-electron attractive interaction in Bi${}_{2}$Se${}_{3}$.
Development of patient specific implants for Minimum Invasive Spine Surgeries (MISS) from non-invasive imaging techniques by reverse engineering and additive manufacturing techniques (2014)

Reverse Engineering and Rapid Prototyping are extensively used technologies by both research and industrial community for rapid developments in various industrial as well as Bio-medical applications. Recent advances in computer technology and Bio-medicines enabled Computer Aided Design (CAD) to find many novel applications in Bio-medical engineering and integration of CAD and Bio-medical technology is usually referred as Bio-CAD. The major objective of the current research work is to generate an efficient algorithm for generation of free form surface from non-invasive CT scan images. Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (MISS) have enabled spinal surgeons to select patients and treat several spinal disorders like degenerative disc disease, herniated disc, fractures, tumors, infections, instability, deformity, etc. with less disruption of muscles, which enables patient towards faster recovery to normal functions, reduces operative blood loss. In this paper, it is proposed to extract point cloud data from stalk of non-invasive CT scan images by using Image Processing techniques and Reverse Engineering approach. This point cloud data is to be processed for noise reduction, point cloud data segmentation and CAD model generation. This image-based CAD modeling approach begins with the acquisition of CT scan in DICOM 3.0 format. The point cloud estimation is based on threshold techniques and edge detection method. This point cloud data is used for construction of 3D CAD model by fitting free form NURB surface between theses points and then fitting surface between these curve networks by swept blend technique. An efficient and robust algorithm has been developed for generation of curves from unorganized point cloud data.
Automatic tracking and 3D localization of moving objects by active contour models (2002)

The matching problem is an important task in computer vision. It consists either to find the image of the same object in all the images of a sequence (temporal matching), or in two stereoscopic images (stereoscopic matching). In order to simplify the matching, only particular features of the images, called primitives, are used. Thus the matching is performed with primitives containing a low level of descriptive information which do not take into account the global structure of the objects. We propose to model moving objects by active contours, or snakes, to simplify both the temporal and the stereoscopic matching. When the stereoscopic matching is achieved, the distance between the object and the cameras is computed by triangulation. The mono vision algorithms used for the tracking and the stereo vision matching are described.
Modeling Susceptible Infective Recovered Dynamics and Plague Persistence in California Rodent–Flea Communities (2010)

Plague persists as an enzootic in several very different rodent-flea communities around the world. In California, a diversity of rodent-flea communities maintains the disease, and a single-host reservoir seems unlikely. Logistic regression of plague presence on climate and topographic variables predicts plague in many localities where it is absent. Thus, a dynamic community-based analysis was needed. Deterministic Susceptible Infective Recovered (SIR) models were adapted for plague and analyzed with an eye for insights concerning disease persistence. An R simulation program, Plaguesirs, was developed incorporating multihost and multivector SIR dynamics, demographic and environmental stochasticity, density dependence, and seasonal variation in birth and death. Flea-rodent utilization matrices allowed us to get transmission rates as well as flea carrying capacities. Rodent densities allowed us to estimate host carrying capacities, while maximum birth rates were mainly approximated through an examination of litter phenology and demography. We ran a set of simulations to assess the role of community structure in maintaining plague in a simulated version of Chuchupate campground in Ventura County. Although the actual campground comprises 10 rodent and 19 flea species, we focused on a subset suspected to act as a reservoir community. This included the vole Microtus californicus, the deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus, the Ceratophyllid fleas Aetheca wagneri and Malareus telchinum, and the Leptopsyllid flea Peromyscopsylla hesperomys. The dynamics of 21 subsets of this community were simulated for 20 years. Single-rodent communities showed much lower disease persistence than two-rodent communities. However, so long as Malareus was present, endemicity was enhanced; removal of the other two fleas slightly increased disease persistence. Two critical features improved disease persistence: (1) host breeding season heterogeneity and (2) host population augmentation (due to two similar host species instead of one). Voles are winter-spring breeders compared to the spring-summer deer mice. While host synchronicity may enhance epidemics, host asynchronicity favors endemics.
Position-based impedance control of a biped humanoid robot (2004)

Abstract This paper describes position-based impedance control for biped humanoid robot locomotion. The impedance parameters of the biped leg are adjusted in real-time according to the gait phase. In order to reduce the impact/contact forces generated between the contacting foot and the ground, the damping coefficient of the impedance of the landing foot is increased largely during the first half double support phase. In the last half double support phase, the walking pattern of the leg changed by the impedance control is returned to the desired walking pattern by using a polynomial. Also, the large stiffness of the landing leg is given to increase the momentum reduced by the viscosity of the landing leg in the first half single support phase. For the stability of the biped humanoid robot, a balance control that compensates for moments generated by the biped locomotion is employed during a whole walking cycle. For the confirmation of the impedance and balance control, we have developed a life-sized humanoid robot, WABIAN-RIII, which has 43 mechanical d.o.f. Through dynamic walking experiments, the validity of the proposed controls is verified. Keywords: BIPED HUMANOID ROBOTIMPEDANCE CONTROLBALANCE CONTROL LOCOMOTIONIMPACT/CONTACT FORCECOMPENSATORY MOTION.