gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Predictive Threshold Model for Real-Time Abnormal Gait Detection (2018)

Falls are critical events for human health due to the associated risk of physical and psychological injuries. Several fall-related systems have been developed in order to reduce injuries. Among them, fall-risk prediction systems are one of the most promising approaches, as they strive to predict a fall before its occurrence. A category of fall-risk prediction systems evaluates balance and muscle strength through some clinical functional assessment tests, while other prediction systems investigate the recognition of abnormal gait patterns to predict a fall in real time. The main contribution of this paper is a nonlinear model of user gait in combination with a threshold-based classification in order to recognize abnormal gait patterns with low complexity and high accuracy. In addition, a dataset with realistic parameters is prepared to simulate abnormal walks and to evaluate fall prediction methods. The accelerometer and gyroscope sensors available in a smartphone have been exploited to create the dataset. The proposed approach has been implemented and compared with the state-of-the-art approaches showing that it is able to predict an abnormal walk with a higher accuracy (93.5%) and a higher efficiency (up to 3.5 faster) than other feasible approaches.
Proposal of Surface Undulation Detection System Using Scanning Soft Haptic Sensor Sheet (2019)

In this research, we propose a measurement system for surface undulation detection using a scanning soft haptic sensor. The scanning soft tactile sensor is a haptic device in which two long strain gauges are embedded in rubber layers. When the haptic sensor is pressed against the surface to be measured and traced, the haptic sensor outputs a signal corresponding to the shape of the surface. By learning the signal on machine learning and using the result, it is possible to detect the size of the surface undulation in real time. Furthermore, by aligning one of the embedded strain gauges by tilting, the position of the surface undulation can be measured from the phase difference of the two strain gauges and the tracing position. A measurement system that enables the detection of the position and size of the surface undulation on the measurement target surface by using the scanning soft haptic sensor is described.
Semiconductor-based heterostructure formation using low energy ion beams: Ion beam deposition (IBD) & combined ion and molecular beam deposition (CIMD) (1988)

In our previous work, we investigated the use of ion beam deposition (IBD) to grow epitaxial films at temperatures lower than those used in thermal processing (less than 500°C). Presently, we have applied IBD to the growth of dense (6.4×1022 atom/cm3) silicon dioxide thin films at 400°C. Through these experiments we have found several clues to the microscopic processes leading to the formation of thin film phases by low energy ions. Using Monte‐Carlo simulations, we have found that low energy collision cascades in silicon have unique features such as a high probability of relocation events that refill vacancies as they are created. Our results show that the combination of a low defect density in low energy collision cascades with the high mobility of interstitials in covalent materials can be used to athermally generate atomic displacements tha can lead to ordering. These displacements can lead to epitaxial ordering at substrate temperatures below the minimum temperature necessary for molecular beam epitaxy (550°C). It can also lead to the formation of high quality silicon dioxide at temperatures well below that of thermal oxidation in silicon (i.e. <850°C). A growth model which we derive from these observations provides a fundamental understanding of how atomic collisions can be used to induce epitaxy or compound formation at low temperatures.
Olefinic Aldehydes as Constituents of Sex Attractants for Noctuid Moths1 (1977)

Alkenals have recently become known as components of the sex pheromones of a few lepidopterous specis. A field survey of aldehydes and aldehyde-acetate mixtures as candidate lures for moths revealed general attractant activity in straight olefinic aldehydes of carbon number 12, 14 and 16. The numerous species captured by baited traps indicated that aldehydes may be as important in sex attractants as the better known acetates and alcohols. The main species captured were Acronicta sperata Grote, Ceramica picta (Harris), Agrotis volubilis Harvey, Cry modes devastator (Brace), Eurois astricta Morrison, Euxoa acornis Smith, Euxoa obeliscoides Guenée Faronta diffusa (Walker), Feltia ducens (Walker), Fishia derelicta Hampson, Lithomoia solidaginis Hübner, Nephelodes emmedonia (Cramer), Polia tacoma Strecker and Schinia bina Guenée.
Concerning the Standardization ofFabiana imbricata (1990)

peer reviewed
Involvement of lymphocytes in dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis (2006)

These results indicate that the presence of lymphocytes contributes to colitis progression at low dose of DSS stimulation. Lymphocytes may play roles as an aggravating factor in DSS-induced colitis.
An efficient synthesis of 2-vinylbenzimidazoles from 1-(2-(benzimidazol-2-ylethyl)pyridinium salts using an anion-exchange resin (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn efficient synthesis of 2-vinylbenzimidazoles from 1-(2-(benzimidazol-2-ylethyl)pyridinium salts using an anion-exchange resinErmitas Alcalde, Lluisa Perez-Garcia, Immaculada Dinares, and Jordi FrigolaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 23, 6516–6521Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00023a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00023a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views417Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Swarm of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles with 3D deconfliction (2018)

We present a swarm of autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) capable of persistent surveillance as well as engagement of the hostile targets identified on the ground. That is, for a given area of interest, that might be hostile, we design a capability of monitoring ground targets by the swarm of autonomous armed UAVs in persistent way that will be capable of engaging these targets if necessary. The UAVs decide by themselves when and how to come back to the maintenance site(s) in order to be recharged of refueled. A single Operating Control Unit (OCU) is sufficient to integrate with such a swarm of UAVs. Its role is mainly focused on sending high level commands, some of which might overwrite the UAVs autonomous intention. For example, a commander might request through OCU engagement of target(s), look for specific target(s), or immediate return of some UAVs to the maintenance sites. Since UAVs are autonomous then the communication links from OCU to UAVs do not need to be continuously maintained.
Exosome Release Is Regulated by mTORC1 (2018)

Exosomes are small membrane-bound vesicles released into extracellular spaces by many types of cells. These nanovesicles carry proteins, mRNA, and miRNA, and are involved in cell waste management and intercellular communication. In the present study, it is shown that exosome release, which leads to net loss of cellular membrane and protein content, is negatively regulated by mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). It is found that in cells and animal models exosome release is inhibited by sustained activation of mTORC1, leading to intracellular accumulation of CD63-positive exosome precursors. Inhibition of mTORC1 by rapamycin or nutrient and growth factor deprivation stimulates exosome release, which occurs concomitantly with autophagy. The drug-stimulated release is blocked by siRNA-mediated downregulation of small GTPase Rab27A. Analysis of the cargo content in exosomes released from rapamycin-treated cells reveals that inhibition of mTORC1 does not significantly alter its majority protein and miRNA profiles. These observations demonstrate that exosome release, like autophagy, is negatively regulated by mTORC1 in response to changes in nutrient and growth factor conditions.
Prognostic Value of Growth-Differentiation Factor-15 in Patients With Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (2007)

GDF-15 is a new biomarker of the risk for death in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome that provides prognostic information beyond that provided by established clinical and biochemical markers.
Independent characterization by duel staining of progesterone receptor (PR) and estrogen receptor (ER) in breast cancer (BC). (2013)

596 Background: The oncology literature indicates that ER and PR are linked and in BC the presence of PR usually indicates functional ER. BCs express both ER and PR to varying degree, but little has been published on expression of ER + PR in individual cancer cells. The goal of this study is to 1. Determine the expression ER and PR at the cellular level, 2. Determine if ER and PR are expressed in the same BC cells. If ER and PR are separate, this may indicate that antiestrogens and antiprogestins may target different cells. Methods: Archived 1° BC specimens were processed using standard IHC techniques for ER/PR testing. The procedure consisted of sequential double staining on the same microtone section, where the PR was visualized through brown staining using HRP/DAB, and the ER was visualized through red staining using AP/Permanent Red. The initial testing on 13 tumor samples utilized a duel anti-PR-A/B antibody (Ab) and an ER Ab. The next 63 tumor samples utilized; 1. anti-ER and anti-PR-A Abs, 2. anti-ER and anti-PR-B Abs. A pathologist experienced with IHC, interpreted and enumerated the cells staining positive for ER only, for PR only and cells staining positive for both ER &amp; PR. The number of cells expected to be stained for both ER &amp; PR by chance can be calculated as the rate of total ER by the rate of total PR and compared with the observed rate (paired rank test). ER/PR positivity is defined as ≥ 5% cells positive. Results: In the first series, 11/13 tumors were ER pos , 13/13 were PR pos , 7/13 tumors had both ER &amp; PR expressed in 5-20% (median 5%) of the same tumor cells. In the 2 nd series of 63 tumors; 1. 50/53 were ER pos , 52/53 were PRA pos and 44/53 had both ER &amp; PRA expressed in &lt;5-20% (median 5%) of the same tumor cells, 2. 44/52 were ER pos , 52/52 were PRB pos and 42/52 tumors had both ER &amp; PRB expressed in &lt;5-20% (median 10%) of the same tumor cells. Areas of ER or PR only predominance were frequent. A paired rank test indicates that the observed rate (median 9%) of ER/PR duel staining is less than predicted (median 18%, p &lt;0.000). Conclusions: ER &amp; PR were expressed in the majority of tumors examined with a minority the tumor cells expressing both ER &amp; PR. These data support evaluating antiprogestins as a different therapeutic target from ER.
Polymeric Nanocomposites of Iron–Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs) Synthesized Using Terminalia chebula Leaf Extract for Enhanced Adsorption of Arsenic(V) from Water (2019)

This study demonstrates the ecofriendly synthesis of iron–oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and their stabilization with polymers, i.e., chitosan (C) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–alginate (PA), along with a further investigation for the removal of arsenic(As(V)) from water. IONPs with an average diameter of less than 100 nm were prepared via a green synthesis process using an aqueous leaf extract of Terminalia chebula. Batch experiments were conducted to compare the removal efficiency of As(V) by these adsorbents. Factors such as pH and adsorbent dosages significantly affected the removal of arsenate As(V) by IONPs and polymer-supported reactive IONPs. Several adsorption kinetic models, such as pseudo first-order, and pseudo second-order Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, were used to describe the adsorption of As(V). The removal of As(V) by IONPs follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The highest monolayer saturation adsorption capacity as obtained from the Langmuir adsorption isotherm for IONPs was 28.57 mg/g. As(V) adsorption by polymer-supported IONPs best fit the Freundlich model, and maximum adsorption capacities of 34.4 mg/g and 40.3 mg/g were achieved for chitosan- and PVA–alginate-supported IONPs, respectively. However, among these absorbents, PVA–alginate-supported IONPs were found to be more effective than the other adsorbents in terms of adsorption, stability, and reusability.
XOR gates for low-energy and near-Vth operation (2015)

XOR gates are essential components of many logic circuits. With the aim of reducing energy dissipation, this paper proposes the use of genetic-algorithm-based optimization for XOR gates operating in the near-threshold region. We applied the proposed technique on four different types of XOR gates built using 22 nm devices. The resultant energy savings for the optimized gates ranged from 28% to 48% when compared with the traditionally-sized gates. The areas of the energy-optimized gates are also appreciably less than their conventional counterparts. The presented technique can be readily used for optimizing the gates for power, performance, noise-margin, etc.
Automating the generation of coordinated multimedia explanations (1993)

An explanation system developed to overcome the disadvantages of conventional authoring in multimedia applications is presented. This experimental test bed for the automated generation of multimedia explanations is called COMET (coordinated multimedia explanation testbed), and has as its goal the coordinated, interactive generation of explanations that combine text and three-dimensional graphics, all of which is generated on the fly. In response to a user request for an explanation, COMET dynamically determines the explanation's content using constraints based on the type of request, the information available in a set of underlying knowledge bases, and information about the user's background and goals. Having determined what to say, COMET also determines how to express it at the time of generation. A brief overview of COMET's domain and architecture is followed by a description of the specific ways in which COMET can coordinate its text and graphics. The current status and limitations of COMET are discussed. >
Variable constraint control of underactuated free flying robots-mechanical design and convergence (1999)

A new control method for underactuated nonlinear systems called a variable constraint control (VCC) is proposed. In this control method the first integral obtained by adding control constraints is used as an invariant manifold. The results are applied to the posture control problems of free flying robots and relations between convergence of the control and structural parameters of robots are discussed.
In vitro chemosensitivity testing of human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. (1998)

Three human non-small cell lung cancer (non-SCLC) cell lines, one each derived from squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma were tested for chemosensitivity to 23 cytostatic agents using the soft agarose clonogenic assay. Results were compared with in vitro responses of SCLC cell lines derived from patients with and without prior chemotherapy and with in vivo phase II clinical trials in non-SCLC. Carboplatin, daunorubicin, paclitaxel, and teniposide were active in two non-SCLC cell lines and actinomycin D, bleomycin, etoposide, irinotecan, and mithramycin were active in one cell line. The cell line from the treated SCLC patient was less sensitive to cytostatic agents than the cell line from the untreated SCLC patient and had a sensitivity pattern comparable to non-SCLC cell lines. These data are consistent with clinical experience in non-SCLC and suggest that non-SCLC cell lines in conjunction with the soft agarose clonogenic assay can be useful for in vitro drug screening. They confirm that carboplatin and paclitaxel are among the most active drugs in non-SCLC and suggest that daunorubicin and teniposide may be more active then their more frequently used analogues.
The influence of charge and flexibility on smectic phase formation in\n filamentous virus suspensions (2004)

We present experimental measurements of the cholesteric-smectic phase\ntransition of suspensions of charged semiflexible rods as a function of rod\nflexibility and surface charge. The rod particles consist of the bacteriophage\nM13 and closely related mutants, which are structurally identical to this\nvirus, but vary either in contour length and therefore ratio of persistence\nlength to contour length, or vary in surface charge. Surface charge is altered\nin two ways; by changing solution pH and by comparing M13 with {\\it fd} virus,\na mutant which differs from M13 only by the substitution of a single charged\namino acid for a neutral one per viral coat protein. Phase diagrams are\nmeasured as a function of particle length, particle charge and ionic strength.\nThe experimental results are compared with existing theoretical predictions for\nthe phase behavior of flexible rods and charged rods. In contrast to the\nisotropic-cholesteric transition, where theory and experiment agree at high\nionic strength, the nematic-smectic transition exhibits complex charge and\nionic strength dependence significantly different from predicted phase\nbehavior. Possible explanations for these unexpected results are discussed.\n
Optical Splitting Trees for High-Precision Monocular Imaging (2007)

In this article, we consider the design of monocular multiview optical systems that form optical splitting trees, where the optical path topology takes the shape of a tree because of recursive beam splitting. Designing optical splitting trees is challenging when it requires many views with specific spectral properties. We introduce a manual design paradigm for optical splitting trees and a computer-assisted design tool to create efficient splitting-tree cameras. The tool accepts as input a specification for each view and a set of weights describing the user's relative affinity for efficiency, measurement accuracy, and economy. An optimizer then searches for a design that maximizes these weighted priorities. Our tool's output is a splitting-tree design that implements the input specification and an analysis of the efficiency of each root-to-leaf path. Automatically designed trees appear comparable to those designed by hand; we even show some cases where they are superior. With the help of the optimizer, the system demonstrates high dynamic range, focusing, matting, and hybrid imaging implemented on a single, reconfigurable camera containing eight sensors
Optimal Design of a Novel Asymmetrical Rotor Structure to Obtain Torque and Efficiency Improvement in Surface Inset PM Motors (2015)

This paper proposes an optimal design of a novel asymmetrical rotor structure for surface inset permanent magnet (PM) motors to obtain torque and efficiency improvement. Different from the conventional approach, the proposed design of asymmetrical rotor structures is employed to improve the torque production by creating rotor asymmetry to allow the reluctance torque and the magnetic torque to reach a maximum at the same current phase angle. To evaluate the contribution, the frozen permeability method is utilized to segregate the torque into its reluctance and magnetic torque components. For demonstrating the design concept and obtaining a criterion for improving torque by making full use of torque components, an optimal design by iterative computation is first to be performed utilizing the finite-element method. Based on the obtained criterion, the optimal design by algorithms, such as the Kriging method and genetic algorithm, is applied to further improve the torque and efficiency. As a result, the performance of the proposed surface inset PM motor by two-step optimization is dramatically improved compared with that of the conventional surface inset PM motor. Furthermore, a comparison between the optimized surface inset PM motor and a conventional surface-mounted PM (SPM) motor is also performed under the same operating condition, which demonstrates that the optimized surface inset PM motor can significantly save the magnet amount compared with the conventional SPM motor for producing the same output torque.
Combination of Plant Virus Nanoparticle-Based in Situ Vaccination with Chemotherapy Potentiates Antitumor Response (2017)

Immunotherapeutics are gaining more traction in the armamentarium used to combat cancer. Specifically, in situ vaccination strategies have gained interest because of their ability to alter the tumor microenvironment to an antitumor state. Herein, we investigate whether flexuous plant virus-based nanoparticles formed by the potato virus X (PVX) can be used as an immunotherapeutic for in situ vaccine monotherapy. We further developed dual chemo-immunotherapeutics by incorporating doxorubicin (DOX) into PVX yielding a dual-functional nanoparticle (PVX-DOX) or by coadministration of the two therapeutic regimes, PVX immunotherapy and DOX chemotherapy (PVX+DOX). In the context of B16F10 melanoma, PVX was able to elicit delayed tumor progression when administered as an intratumoral in situ vaccine. Furthermore, the coadministration of DOX via PVX+DOX enhanced the response of the PVX monotherapy through increased survival, which was also represented in the enhanced antitumor cytokine/chemokine profile stimulated by PVX+DOX when compared to PVX or DOX alone. Importantly, coadministered PVX+DOX was better for in situ vaccination than PVX loaded with DOX (PVX-DOX). Whereas the nanomedicine field strives to design multifunctional nanoparticles that integrate several functions and therapeutic regimens into a single nanoparticle, our data suggest a paradigm shift; some therapeutics may need to be administered separately to synergize and achieve the most potent therapeutic outcome. Altogether, our studies show that development of plant viral nanoparticles for in situ vaccines for treatment is a possibility, and dual mechanistic therapeutics can increase efficacy. Nonetheless, combining immunotherapeutics with cytolytic chemotherapy requires detailed investigation to inform optimal integration of cytolytic and immunotherapies and maximize synergy and efficacy.