gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Response to Comment on “Tumor Progression Can Occur despite the Induction of Very High Levels of Self/Tumor Antigen-Specific CD8+ T Cells in Patients with Melanoma” (2006)

Health information technology (health IT) has potential to improve patient safety but its implementation and use has led to unintended consequences and new safety concerns. A key challenge to improving safety in health IT-enabled healthcare systems is to develop valid, feasible strategies to measure safety concerns at the intersection of health IT and patient safety. In response to the fundamental conceptual and methodological gaps related to both defining and measuring health IT-related patient safety, we propose a new framework, the Health IT Safety (HITS) measurement framework, to provide a conceptual foundation for health IT-related patient safety measurement, monitoring, and improvement. The HITS framework follows both Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) and sociotechnical approaches and calls for new measures and measurement activities to address safety concerns in three related domains: 1) concerns that are unique and specific to technology (e.g., to address unsafe health IT related to unavailable or malfunctioning hardware or software); 2) concerns created by the failure to use health IT appropriately or by misuse of health IT (e.g. to reduce nuisance alerts in the electronic health record (EHR)), and 3) the use of health IT to monitor risks, health care processes and outcomes and identify potential safety concerns before they can harm patients (e.g. use EHR-based algorithms to identify patients at risk for medication errors or care delays). The framework proposes to integrate both retrospective and prospective measurement of HIT safety with an organization9s existing clinical risk management and safety programs. It aims to facilitate organizational learning, comprehensive 360 degree assessment of HIT safety that includes vendor involvement, refinement of measurement tools and strategies, and shared responsibility to identify problems and implement solutions. A long term framework goal is to enable rigorous measurement that helps achieve the safety benefits of health IT in real-world clinical settings.
Clustered event2ledger: Docker event traceability using consortium Hyperledger blockchains (2023)

Abstract Container virtualization environments provide high flexibility in the way computing resources are used. In particular, the dynamic (de)allocation of containers in response to service loads addresses issues in the scalability and availability of cloud applications. One drawback of such dynamism, though, is that it becomes harder to monitor the constant stream of state changes in the lifecycle of containers. In this article, we tackle this issue by proposing a monitoring solution called Clustered event2ledger, which benefits from consortium blockchain to implement a distributed collection and storage solution that guarantees data integrity, reliability, and availability. Also, it creates a uniform source of information for providers, end-users, and developers of the container-based solution, thus facilitating auditing of resources usage and analyses involving the chronology of performed operations. We also include a security attack model analysis based on identified threats, which shows that Clustered event2ledger follows the best security practices.
A low-temperature modification of hexa-tert-butyldisilane and a new polymorph of 1,1,2,2-tetra-tert-butyl-1,2-diphenyldisilane (2014)

Crystals of hexa-tert-butyldisilane, C24H54Si2, undergo a reversible phase transition at 179 (2) K. The space group changes from Ibca (high temperature) to Pbca (low temperature), but the lattice constants a, b and c do not change significantly during the phase transition. The crystallographic twofold axis of the molecule in the high-temperature phase is replaced by a noncrystallographic twofold axis in the low-temperature phase. The angle between the two axes is 2.36 (4)°. The centre of the molecule undergoes a translation of 0.123 (1) Å during the phase transition, but the conformation angles of the molecule remain unchanged. Between the two tri-tert-butylsilyl subunits there are six short repulsive intramolecular C-H···H-C contacts, with H···H distances between 2.02 and 2.04 Å, resulting in a significant lengthening of the Si-Si and Si-C bonds. The Si-Si bond length is 2.6863 (5) Å and the Si-C bond lengths are between 1.9860 (14) and 1.9933 (14) Å. Torsion angles about the Si-Si and Si-C bonds deviate by approximately 15° from the values expected for staggered conformations due to intramolecular steric H···H repulsions. A new polymorph is reported for the crystal structure of 1,1,2,2-tetra-tert-butyl-1,2-diphenyldisilane, C28H46Si2. It has two independent molecules with rather similar conformations. The Si-Si bond lengths are 2.4869 (8) and 2.4944 (8) Å. The C-Si-Si-C torsion angles deviate by between -3.4 (1) and -18.5 (1)° from the values expected for a staggered conformation. These deviations result from steric interactions. Four Si-C(t-Bu) bonds are almost staggered, while the other four Si-C(t-Bu) bonds are intermediate between a staggered and an eclipsed conformation. The latter Si-C(t-Bu) bonds are about 0.019 (2) Å longer than the staggered Si-C(t-Bu) bonds.
Syntheses and properties of triborane(5)s possessing bulky diamino substituents on terminal boron atoms (2011)

The present communication reports the chemistry of three linear triborane(5) compounds possessing bulky diamino substituents on the terminal boron atoms. Fluorotriborane 2 was synthesized by a reaction of boryllithium and BF(3)·OEt(2). Halogen exchange reaction of 2 took place by a treatment with ClSiMe(3) to give the corresponding chlorotriborane(5) 3. Addition of silver tetraarylborate to 3 in ether afforded a hydroxylated triborane(5) compound 5 probably via an unstable cationic boron intermediate 4.
Differential susceptibility to experimental autoimmune neuritis in Lewis rat strains is associated with T-cell immunity to myelin antigens (2010)

Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a CD4(+) T-cell-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that serves as a model for Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in humans. Various rat strains show different susceptibility to EAN. We examined PNS myelin-induced T- and B-cell responses and cytokine production in order to explore the mechanisms behind different EAN susceptibility in the three Lewis rat strains, Hannover, Charles River, and Taconic. Lewis rats of Hannover and Charles River strains exhibited a higher susceptibility to EAN than Lewis rats of the Taconic strain. The higher susceptibility was associated with increased inflammatory cell infiltrates and major histocompatibility class II expression as well as enhanced mitogenic (phytohemagglutinin-induced) and antigen-specific (P2 peptide 57-81-induced) lymphocyte proliferation compared with the Taconic strain. The Hannover strain also showed increased proinflammatory cytokine (interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α) production in the PNS. Cross-cultures of T cells and macrophages from Hannover and Taconic rats revealed that the Hannover rats exerted the strongest priming function of T cells. In contract, the P2 peptide-induced antibody production was not different among the three Lewis rat strains. In conclusion, the differential susceptibility to EAN of Lewis rat strains is correlated primarily with T-cell immunity to myelin antigens.
Adaptive Controller with Mode Tracking and Parametric Estimation (2007)

Digital controller algorithms are presented in this paper which allows detecting DCM and CCM operations without instantaneous or cycle by cycle sensing and sampling of inductor current. The presented control scheme also allows the estimation on output inductor value, the peak inductor current value and other information on converter operations. The objective is to estimate all of this information from the input current with low speed sensing without feeding any constants to the controller. The presented controller does not depend on sensing the input voltage, the load current, or any other information of the converter design. The presented algorithms are discussed and analyzed.
Text-dependent Speaker Verification and RSR2015 Speech Corpus (2016)

RSR2015 (Robust Speaker Recognition 2015) is the largest publicly available speech corpus for text-dependent robust speaker recognition. The current release includes 151 hours of short duration utterances spoken by 300 speakers. RSR2015 is developed by the Human Language Technology (HLT) department at Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R) in Singapore. This newsletter describes RSR2015 corpus that addresses the reviving interest of text-dependent speaker recognition.
A Mutant Androgen Receptor from Patients with Reifenstein Syndrome: Identification of the Function of a Conserved Alanine Residue in the D Box of Steroid Receptors (1993)

Reifenstein syndrome is an eponymic term that describes partial androgen-insensitive disorders. Androgen receptor isolated from five patients with this syndrome contains a specific mutation in the DNA binding domain of the receptor. This mutation converts an alanine to a threonine at position 596 next to the zinc catenation site at the second finger. The threonine 596 mutant receptor mediated normal androgen response at promoters with closely positioned multiple regulatory elements for the androgen receptor and other transcription factors. Promoters with single isolated androgen response elements were not transactivated by the mutant receptor. In in vitro receptor-DNA binding studies, interaction with DNA by the mutant receptor was achieved only in the presence of an anti-androgen receptor antibody. Exchanging alanine 596 in the wild-type androgen receptor with serine or valine produced mutants with properties indistinguishable from those of the naturally occurring threonine 596 mutant receptor. These results indicate that an alanine residue at position 596 contributes important structural and functional activities to the androgen receptor. In the androgen receptor from the patients with Reifenstein syndrome, in which this alanine is converted to a threonine, wild-type receptor properties can be restored by exchanging an additional threonine at position 602 to an alanine. An alanine residue at position 596 or 602 in the DNA binding domain of the androgen receptor is therefore important for the full function of this receptor. In all steroid receptors that bind the core sequence AGAACANNNTGTTCT, an alanine residue is also present at a position equivalent to alanine 596 in the androgen receptor.
Transgenic East African Highland Banana Plants Are Protected against Radopholus similis through Host-Delivered RNAi (2023)

The burrowing nematode <i>Radopholus similis</i> is considered a major problem of intensive banana cultivation. It can cause extensive root damage resulting in the toppling disease of banana, which means that plants fall to the ground. Soaking <i>R. similis</i> in double-stranded (ds) RNA of the nematode genes <i>Rps13</i>, chitin synthase (<i>Chs-2</i>), <i>Unc-87</i>, <i>Pat-10</i> or beta-1,4-endoglucanase (<i>Eng1a</i>) suppressed reproduction on carrot discs, from 2.8-fold (<i>Chs-2</i>) to 7-fold (<i>Rps13</i>). The East African Highland Banana cultivar Nakitembe was then transformed with constructs for expression of dsRNA against the same genes, and for each construct, 30 independent transformants were tested with nematode infection. Four months after transfer from in vitro culture to the greenhouse, the banana plants were transferred to a screenhouse and inoculated with 2000 nematodes per plant, and thirteen weeks later, they were analyzed for several parameters including plant growth, root necrosis and final nematode population. Plants with dsRNA constructs against the nematode genes were on average showing lower nematode multiplication and root damage than the nontransformed controls or the banana plants expressing dsRNA against the nonendogenous gene. In conclusion, RNAi seems to efficiently protect banana against damage caused by <i>R. similis</i>, opening perspectives to control this pest.
Correlation of gene expressions between nucleus and cytoplasm reflects single-cell physiology (2017)

Background Eukaryotes transcribe RNAs in nuclei and transport them to the cytoplasm through multiple steps of post-transcriptional regulation. Existing single-cell sequencing technologies, however, are unable to analyse nuclear (nuc) and cytoplasmic (cyt) RNAs separately and simultaneously. Hence, there remain challenges to discern correlation, localisation, and translocation between them. Results Here we report a microfluidic system that physically separates nucRNA and cytRNA from a single cell and enables single-cell integrated nucRNA and cytRNA-sequencing (SINC-seq). SINC-seq constructs two individual RNA-seq libraries, nucRNA and cytRNA per cell, quantifies gene expression in the subcellular compartments and combines them to create a novel single-cell RNA-seq data enabled by our system, which we here term in-silico single cell. Conclusions Leveraging SINC-seq, we discovered three distinct natures of correlation among cytRNA and nucRNA that reflected the physiological state of single cells: The cell-cycle-related genes displayed highly correlated expression pattern with minor differences; RNA splicing genes showed lower nucRNA-to-cytRNA correlation, suggesting a retained intron may be implicated in inhibited mRNA transport; A chemical perturbation, sodium butyrate treatment, transiently distorted the correlation along differentiating human leukemic cells to erythroid cells. These data uniquely provide insights into the regulatory network of mRNA from nucleus toward cytoplasm at the single cell level.
VIII.—NEW BOOKS (1909)

Journal Article VIII.—NEW BOOKS Get access Institutiones Metaphysicae Specialis. P. STANISLAUS DE BECKER Tomus Quartus: Theologia Naturalia. Paris, 1908. Pp. 306. A. E. TAYLOR A. E. TAYLOR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume XVIII, Issue 1, 1909, Pages 468–470, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/XVIII.1.468 Published: 01 January 1909
Fetal Micro and Macroglossia (2022)

We present novel fetal tongue size charts from 13 to 40 weeks of gestation. Clinical application of these nomograms may be beneficial in the prenatal diagnosis of syndromes or malformations associated with abnormal fetal tongue size.
Fermentation (In Metabolomics) (2019)

Recommendations are given concerning the terminology of methods of bioanalytical chemistry. With respect to dynamic development particularly in the analysis and investigation of biomacromolecules, terms related to bioanalytical samples, enzymatic methods, immunoanalytical methods, methods used in genomics and nucleic acid analysis, proteomics, metabolomics, glycomics, lipidomics, and biomolecules interaction studies are introduced.
Development of new TB regimens: Harmonizing trial design, product registration requirements, and public health guidance (2019)

Christian Lienhardt and colleagues discuss the importance of communication and coordination between regulators, researchers, and policy makers to ensure tuberculosis trials provide high-quality evidence for policy decisions.
CUMULVS: Collaborative infrastructure for developing distributed simulations (1997)

The CUMULVS software environment provides remote collaboration among scientists by allowing them to dynamically attach to, view, and &amp;quot;steer&amp;quot; a running simulation. Users can interactively examine intermediate results on demand, saving effort for longrunning applications gone awry. In addition, CUMULVS provides fault tolerance to distributed applications via user-directed checkpointing, heterogeneous task migration and automatic restart. This paper describes CUMULVS and how this tool benefits scientists developing large distributed applications. 1 Introduction Computer simulation is becoming increasingly important as an alternative to the often expensive task of constructing physical prototypes and experiments for scientific research and development. More and more, scientists are developing software simulations of their work to be run on high-performance parallel or distributed computer systems. Such software experiments provide a cost-effective means for exploring a wide range of varia...
Fluorescence detection of cellular nucleotide excision repair of damaged DNA (2014)

To maintain genetic integrity, ultraviolet light-induced photoproducts in DNA must be removed by the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, which is initiated by damage recognition and dual incisions of the lesion-containing strand. We intended to detect the dual-incision step of cellular NER, by using a fluorescent probe. A 140-base pair linear duplex containing the (6-4) photoproduct and a fluorophore-quencher pair was prepared first. However, this type of DNA was found to be degraded rapidly by nucleases in cells. Next, a plasmid was used as a scaffold. In this case, the fluorophore and the quencher were attached to the same strand, and we expected that the dual-incision product containing them would be degraded in cells. At 3 h after transfection of HeLa cells with the plasmid-type probes, fluorescence emission was detected at the nuclei by fluorescence microscopy only when the probe contained the (6-4) photoproduct, and the results were confirmed by flow cytometry. Finally, XPA fibroblasts and the same cells expressing the XPA gene were transfected with the photoproduct-containing probe. Although the transfer of the probe into the cells was slow, fluorescence was detected depending on the NER ability of the cells.
Low-backlobe microwave transmitting horn (1979)

By superimposing two hybrid modes, backlobes of S-band gain calibration horn are down 70 to 80 dB.
Carbohydrate Phosphinites as Practical Ligands in Asymmetric Catalysis:  Electronic Effects and Dependence of Backbone Chirality in Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenations. Synthesis of R- or S-Amino Acids Using Natural Sugars as Ligand Precursors (1997)

Vicinal diarylphosphinites derived from carbohydrates are excellent ligands for the Rh(I)-catalyzed enantioselective asymmetric hydrogenation of dehydroamino acid derivatives, producing the highest enantioselectivity of any ligands directly prepared from natural products. The enantioselectivity can be enhanced by the appropriate choice of substituents on the aromatic rings of the phosphinites. For example, the use of phosphinites with electron-donating bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl) groups on phosphorus provides ee's up to 99% for a wide range of amino acids including some with easily removable N-protecting groups. Electron-withdrawing aryl substituents, on the other hand, decrease the enantioselectivity. Sense of chiral induction in the amino acid product depends on the relative juxtaposition of the vicinal diphosphinites on a given sugar backbone. When readily available d-glucopyranosides are used as the starting sugars, 2,3-phosphinites give the S-amino acids and 3,4-phosphinites give the R-amino acids. In the case of aromatic and heteroaromatic amino acids, enantioselectivities > 95% are consistently obtained. Practical considerations such as the ease of ligand synthesis, rates of reactions, catalyst turnover, and scope and limitations in terms of substrates are discussed. A possible explanation for the enhancement of enantioselectivity by electron-rich phosphinites is offered.
Configuration–Interaction Perturbation Theory Calculations of Pu II (2020)

Configuration–interaction perturbation theory (CI–PT) is applied to calculations of low-energy states of Pu II. This ion is quite challenging due to a large number of possible determinants arising from seven valence electrons and strong relativistic effects. The CI–PT calculations agree with experiments for the energies and g-factors for many low-energy states that allowed positive identification of the theoretical levels. Isotope shifts were also used to aid in identification, and, in case of the odd states, fitting with three independent parameters was used to match theoretical isotope shifts to the experimental values with good accuracy. The CI–PT approach tested here on the Pu II ion can be generally used to calculate properties of many complex atoms, including U I that can find application in fundamental and applied science.
Effects of STZ-Induced Diabetes and Fasting on Insulin Receptor mRNA Expression and Insulin Receptor Gene Transcription in Rat Liver (1992)

Insulinopenic states in rodents are known to cause an increase in the number of hepatic insulin receptors. To determine if this change is related to an abnormality in insulin receptor gene expression, insulin receptor binding, insulin receptor mRNA levels, and insulin receptor gene transcription rates have been measured in livers from rats rendered hypoinsulinemic by STZ administration (65 mg/kg) or fasting. In the two groups of experimental rats, insulin binding to liver plasma membranes was increased (approximately 40 and 25%, respectively) relative to control, normoinsulinemic animals. Northern blot analysis of either total or poly (A)+ RNA from livers of hypo- and normoinsulinemic rats revealed two major insulin receptor mRNA species of 9.5 and 7.5 kbs. In hypoinsulinemic rats, insulin receptor mRNA levels were increased > or = 10-fold, with similar effects on the two mRNA species. The effects of STZ administration and fasting on insulin receptor binding and insulin receptor mRNA levels were fully reversed by insulin treatment or refeeding, respectively. Injection of ACT D, an inhibitor of gene transcription, decreased insulin receptor mRNA levels by > or = 80% in control and diabetic rats and suppressed the overexpression of mRNA seen in diabetic rats. In vitro nuclear transcription assays showed that the rate of transcription of the insulin receptor gene was increased 2-fold in STZ-induced diabetic rats and fasted rats relative to control animals. Taken together, these results suggest that the upregulation of the insulin receptor induced by chronic insulinopenia results, at least in part, from an increase in insulin receptor gene transcription.
An Assessment of Various Challenges Perceived by Dental Students amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Digital Questionnaire Study (2022)

The objective of our study was to evaluate dental students' perception of the challenges faced during the COVID-19 pandemic related to their clinical work, education, performance, online examinations, psychological health, and teamwork. A validated online questionnaire consisting of closed ended questions was sent to all the undergraduate dental students at our institute. Data were collected and analyzed statistically using a chi-square test to compare responses of male with female and junior with senior students. A total of 317 undergraduate dental students (N = 317) participated in this cross-sectional study. The most common challenges perceived by the participants were related to their exam duration (77.3%), patient availability (66.9%), difficulty in understanding online lectures (58.4%), and a fear of losing grades (57.4%). Participants reported that the COVID-19 pandemic affected their performance in the courses (75.4%), teamwork (72.2%), educational aspects (67.5%), and psychological health (51.1%). A significantly greater proportion of female students reported the adverse effects of COVID-19 on their psychological health than male students (<i>p</i> = 0.031). Senior students perceived the negative impact of COVID-19 on teamwork significantly more than the junior students (<i>p</i> = 0.004). The majority of students reported challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Female students and senior students perceived more challenges than their counterparts. Future studies from other institutes of this region are recommended to establish a clearer picture of COVID-19 related challenges faced by dental students.