gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
2-Substituted Cyclopropylamines. I. Derivatives and Analogs of 2-Phenylcyclopropylamine (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2-Substituted Cyclopropylamines. I. Derivatives and Analogs of 2-PhenylcyclopropylamineCarl. Kaiser, Bruce M. Lester, Charles L. Zirkle, Alfred. Burger, Charles S. Davis, Thomas J. Delia, and Ludwig. ZirngiblCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1962, 5, 6, 1243–1265Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm01241a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jm01241a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views607Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Table S1: from Cancer Therapy Directed by Comprehensive Genomic Profiling: A Single Center Study (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Next generation sequencing gene list&lt;/p&gt;
Barium Titanate and Cobalt Ferrite Nano‐Particles Decorated SiCN/MWCNT Nanotubes: Synthesis and Microstructural Characterization (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Abstract Introduction Experiment Results and Discussion Summary
Editorial (aims and scope, table of content, editorial board, preface) (2012)

International Journal of Science and Engineering (IJSE) aims to be the principal international journal for publication of high quality, original papers in the branches of science and engineering.Papers showing how research results can be used in science and engineering design, and accounts of experimental or theoretical research work bringing new perspectives to established principles, highlighting unsolved problems or indicating directions for future research, are particularly welcome.
Collaboration of Antibody and Inflammation in Clearance of Rabies Virus from the Central Nervous System (1998)

ABSTRACT To investigate the involvement of various cellular and humoral aspects of immunity in the clearance of rabies virus from the central nervous system, (CNS), we studied the development of clinical signs and virus clearance from the CNS in knockout mice lacking either B and T cells, CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, B cells, alpha/beta interferon (IFN-α/β) receptors, IFN-γ receptors, or complement components C3 and C4. Following intranasal infection with the attenuated rabies virus CVS-F3, normal adult mice of different genetic backgrounds developed a transient disease characterized by loss of body weight and appetite depression which peaked at 13 days postinfection (p.i.). While these animals had completely recovered by day 21 p.i., mice lacking either B and T cells or B cells alone developed a progressive disease and succumbed to infection. Mice lacking either CD8 + T cells, IFN receptors, or complement components C3 and C4 showed no significant differences in the development of clinical signs by comparison with intact counterparts having the same genetic background. However, while infectious virus and viral RNA could be detected in normal control mice only until day 8 p.i., in all of the gene knockout mice studied except those lacking C3 and C4, virus infection persisted through day 21 p.i. Analysis of rabies virus-specific antibody production together with histological assessment of brain inflammation in infected animals revealed that clearance of CVS-F3 by 21 days p.i. correlated with both a strong inflammatory response in the CNS early in the infection (day 8 p.i.), and the rapid (day 10 p.i.) production of significant levels of virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA). These studies confirm that rabies VNA is an absolute requirement for clearance of an established rabies virus infection. However, for the latter to occur in a timely fashion, collaboration between VNA and inflammatory mechanisms is necessary.
T cell subpopulations in the labial minor salivary gland histopathologic lesion of Sjögren's syndrome. (1991)

The majority of T cells constituting the focal lymphocytic infiltrates in the labial minor salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome bear the helper phenotype (CD4); activation is expressed by class II (HLA-DR) MHC products. In our immunohistologic study of snap frozen minor salivary gland biopsies from 16 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome, it was shown that the majority (77%) of the infiltrating T cells exhibit the memory helper/inducer phenotype (UCHL-1) and express LFA-1 molecules. In addition most of the T cells express the alpha beta receptor while only 2.8% express the gamma delta receptor. Our findings suggest that these T cell infiltrates in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome may explain the intense B lymphocyte hyperreactivity observed in the exocrine glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome.
Monomere Bis‐ und Tris(amide) des Indiums (1996)

Abstract Die Darstellung von Tris(2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidino)indium 1 und von Bis(2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidino)‐indiumbromid 2 werden beschrieben. Beide Verbindungen wurden NMR und massenspektroskopisch untersucht. Sie liegen in Lösung und Gasphase monomer vor. Die Analyse der Kristallstruktur von 1 belegt dessen monomeres Vorliegen.
Directed delivery of heat-labile enterotoxin by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (2006)

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), leading causes of diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in developing countries, are heterogenous pathogens that elaborate heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins which elicit watery, cholera-like diarrhoea. The molecular events permitting efficient delivery of LT remain undefined. Here, we characterize the role of host-pathogen interaction as it relates to the delivery of LT by ETEC. Separation of bacteria from target intestinal epithelial monolayers by semipermeable filters prevented activation of adenylate cyclase suggesting that pathogen-host cell contact is required for efficient toxin delivery. Likewise, a non-motile strain bearing a mutation in the flagellar fliD gene was deficient in delivery of LT relative to the ETEC (H10407) prototype. Although LT secretion via the type II secretion system (T2SS) was responsive to a variety of environmental factors, neither toxin release nor delivery depended on transcriptional activation of genes encoding LT or the T2SS. Fusions of green fluorescent protein to GspM (a component of the T2SS system for LT) and to LT demonstrated that both T2SS and toxin are distributed at one pole of the ETEC bacterium. Optimal LT delivery may occur in a polarized fashion with transfer of preformed toxin upon close interaction with host cells, preventing neutralization of LT.
Increased Systemic Inflammation After Laparotomy vs Laparoscopy in an Animal Model of Peritonitis (1998)

Laparotomy and laparoscopy increased the incidence of bacteremia and systemic inflammation in this peritonitis model. The inflammatory response was significantly higher in the laparotomy group compared with the laparoscopy group.
The Effect of Mentoring on Beginning Chemistry Teacher's Teaching Practice (2011)

In this study, we investigated the changes in beginning chemistry teachers' teaching practice without mentoring program and after the implementation of mentoring program. Participants in our study included two chemistry teachers who have less than one year of teaching experience and three mentor teachers. We collected data such as video recordings of teacher's classes, interview, and recordings of mentoring after each class. The results show there were slight changes in teaching contents, teaching procedure, and explanation method without mentoring. On the other hand, there were a lot of significant improvement in classroom environment, teaching contents and teaching procedure, teaching-learning techniques, questioning and feedback, and explanation method after mentoring has been implemented. However, there were no easy changes in the teaching style, understanding of students, and ways of interaction with students in connection with teaching purposes. Based on the results of this study, we explored the possibilities of instructional improvement through mentoring on beginning chemistry teacher's teaching practice. Therefore, we consider that more systematic and long-term mentoring is necessary to improve professionalism in teaching beginning teachers. In particular, we propose mentoring programs reflecting the individual needs of beginning teachers.
Supplementary Methods from Algorithmic guided screening of drug combinations of arbitrary size for activity against cancer cells (2023)

Supplementary Methods from Algorithmic guided screening of drug combinations of arbitrary size for activity against cancer cells
Twenty Novel Disease Group-Specific and 12 New Shared Macrophage Pathways in Eight Groups of 34 Diseases Including 24 Inflammatory Organ Diseases and 10 Types of Tumors (2019)

The mechanisms underlying pathophysiological regulation of tissue macrophage (Mφ) subsets remain poorly understood. From the expression of 207 Mφ genes comprising 31 markers for 10 subsets, 45 transcription factors (TFs), 56 immunometabolism enzymes, 23 trained immunity (innate immune memory) enzymes, and 52 other genes in microarray data, we made the following findings. (1) When 34 inflammation diseases and tumor types were grouped into eight categories, there was differential expression of the 31 Mφ markers and 45 Mφ TFs, highlighted by 12 shared and 20 group-specific disease pathways. (2) Mφ in lung, liver, spleen, and intestine (LLSI-Mφ) express higher M1 Mφ markers than lean adipose tissue Mφ (ATMφ) physiologically. (3) Pro-adipogenic TFs C/EBPα and PPARγ and proinflammatory adipokine leptin upregulate the expression of M1 Mφ markers. (4) Among 10 immune checkpoint receptors (ICRs), LLSI-Mφ and bone marrow (BM) Mφ express higher levels of CD274 (PDL-1) than ATMφ, presumably to counteract the M1 dominant status via its reverse signaling behavior. (5) Among 24 intercellular communication exosome mediators, LLSI- and BM- Mφ prefer to use RAB27A and STX3 than RAB31 and YKT6, suggesting new inflammatory exosome mediators for propagating inflammation. (6) Mφ in peritoneal tissue and LLSI-Mφ upregulate higher levels of immunometabolism enzymes than does ATMφ. (7) Mφ from peritoneum and LLSI-Mφ upregulate more trained immunity enzyme genes than does ATMφ. Our results suggest that multiple new mechanisms including the cell surface, intracellular immunometabolism, trained immunity, and TFs may be responsible for disease group-specific and shared pathways. Our findings have provided novel insights on the pathophysiological regulation of tissue Mφ, the disease group-specific and shared pathways of Mφ, and novel therapeutic targets for cancers and inflammations.
Deformation of Time-Varying-Mesh Based on Semantic Human Model (2007)

In this paper, an approach is presented for deformation of time-varying-mesh, which is a sequence of 3D mesh models. The deformation here is a process to generate mid-frames between two frames that transform smoothly from one to the other. Motion vectors between two frames are extracted based on a semantic human model with an assumption of the articulated object with piecewise-rigid motions. For this purpose, each mesh model is transformed to a volumetric model, where a distance field is constructed. In the first frame, the user manually segments the volumetric model into the semantic human model. Then, fast motion estimation of the volumetric models is performed between the two frames with a cost function based on the distance field. Using the estimated motion vectors, a realistic deformation of a mesh model is achieved. Lastly, mid-frames are interpolated linearly. The technique can be applied in many areas such as frame rate up-conversion and motion blending.
NREL Fast Modeling for Blade Load Control with Plasma Actuators (2018)

Reducing extreme and fatigue loads on the rotor blades of a wind turbine lowers the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), which is particularly critical for future wind turbines equipped with longer and more flexible blades. With larger rotors, the span-wise variability of the wind challenges the capabilities of the blade load control strategies of current operational systems. Active flow control (AFC) has emerged as an appealing solution to fast and localized rotor control for load mitigation and energy capture enhancement. Among the existing AFC devices, plasma actuators have drawn attention due to their mechanical simplicity (no moving parts), fast response time and low cost. This paper presents a simulation tool for design of plasma-based AFC systems for blade load reduction. The tool is based on the NREL FAST code. The FAST module with integrated plasma actuation is demonstrated using the NREL 5-MW reference turbine in above-rated wind conditions (Region 3). With the feedback of blade-root flapwise bending moments, a Coleman transformation based controller is used to drive the voltage commands to the plasma actuators. Load reduction is observed without noticeable penalty in turbine performance as measured by rotor speed and power errors in Region 3.
Manipulating the Amount and Structure of the Organic Matrix Affects the Water Compartments of Human Cortical Bone (2019)

Being predictors of the mechanical properties of human cortical bone, bound and pore water measurements by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are being developed for the clinical assessment of fracture risk. While pore water is a surrogate of cortical bone porosity, the determinants of bound water are unknown. Manipulation of organic matrix properties by oxidative deproteinization, thermal denaturation, or nonenzymatic glycation lowers bone toughness. Because bound water contributes to bone toughness, we hypothesized that each of these matrix manipulations affect bound water fraction (V<sub>bw</sub>/V<sub>bone</sub>). Immersing cadaveric bone samples in sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) for 96 hours did not affect tissue mineral density or cortical porosity, but rather decreased V<sub>bw</sub>/V<sub>bone</sub> and increased short-T<sub>2</sub> pore water signals as determined by <sup>1</sup>H nuclear MR relaxometry (<sup>1</sup>H NMR). Moreover, the post treatment V<sub>bw</sub>/V<sub>bone</sub> linearly correlated with the remaining weight fraction of the organic matrix. Heating bone samples at 110°C, 120°C, 130°C, and then 140°C (∼24 hours per temperature and rehydration for ∼24 hours before <sup>1</sup>H NMR analysis) did not affect V<sub>bw</sub>/V<sub>bone</sub>. After subsequently heating them at 200°C, V<sub>bw</sub>/V<sub>bone</sub> increased. Boiling bone samples followed by heating at 110°C, 120°C, and then 130°C in water under pressure (8 hours per temperature) had a similar effect on V<sub>bw</sub>/V<sub>bone</sub>. Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the increase in V<sub>bw</sub>/V<sub>bone</sub> coincided with an increase in an Amide I subpeak ratio that is sensitive to changes in the helical structure of collagen I. Glycation of bone by ribose for 4 weeks, but not in glucose for 16 weeks, decreased V<sub>bw</sub>/V<sub>bone</sub>, although the effect was less pronounced than that of oxidative deproteinization or thermal denaturation. We propose that MR measurements of bound water reflect the amount of bone organic matrix and can be modulated by collagen I helicity and by sugar-derived post translational modifications of the matrix. © 2019 The Authors. <i>JBMR Plus</i> published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Multi-Path TCP with Network Coding for Mobile Devices in Heterogeneous Networks (2013)

Existing mobile devices have the capability to use multiple network technologies simultaneously to help increase performance; but they rarely, if at all, effectively use these technologies in parallel. We first present empirical data to help understand the mobile environment when three heterogeneous networks are available to the mobile device (i.e., a WiFi network, WiMax network, and an Iridium satellite network). We then propose a reliable, multi-path protocol called Multi-Path TCP with Network Coding (MPTCP/NC) that utilizes each of these networks in parallel. An analytical model is developed and a mean-field approximation is derived that gives an estimate of the protocol's achievable throughput. Finally, a comparison between MPTCP and MPTCP/NC is presented using both the empirical data and mean-field approximation. Our results show that network coding can provide users in mobile environments a higher quality of service by enabling the use of multiple network technologies and the capability to overcome packet losses due to lossy, wireless network connections.
Macrophages as effector cells of protective immunity in murine schistosomiasis: macrophage activation in mice vaccinated with radiation-attenuated cercariae (1984)

Cell-mediated immune responses contributing to macrophage activation were compared in mice that demonstrated partial resistance to challenge Schistosoma mansoni infection as a result of vaccination with radiation-attenuated cercariae or of ongoing low-grade primary infection. Vaccinated mice developed significant delayed hypersensitivity reactions to soluble schistosome antigens in vivo. Splenocytes from vaccinated animals responded to in vitro culture with various specific antigens (soluble adult worm extract, living or disrupted schistosomula) by proliferation and production of macrophage-activating lymphokines as did lymphocytes from S. mansoni-infected animals. Macrophage-activating factors produced by spleen cells from vaccinated mice upon specific antigen stimulation eluted as a single peak on Sephadex G-100 with a molecular weight of approximately 50,000 and contained gamma interferon activity. Moreover, peritoneal macrophages with larvicidal and tumoricidal activity were recovered from vaccinated mice after intraperitoneal challenge with soluble schistosome antigens, a procedure also observed to elicit activated macrophages in S. mansoni-infected animals. These observations demonstrate that vaccination with irradiated cercariae stimulates many of the same cellular responses observed after primary S. mansoni infection, and suggest that lymphokine-activated macrophages may participate in the effector mechanism of vaccine-induced and concomitant immunity to challenge schistosome infection. This is the first demonstration of a potential immune effector mechanism in the irradiated vaccine model.
Host switching pathogens, infectious outbreaks and zoonosis: A Marie Skłodowska-Curie innovative training network (HONOURs). (2018)

The increase of the human population is accompanied by growing numbers of livestock to feed this population, as well as by an increase of human invasion into natural habitats of wild animals. As a result, both animals and humans are becoming progressively vulnerable to infections with known (zoonotic) pathogens, but are also increasingly exposed to novel viruses. Global trade as well as climate changes can contribute to pathogen transmission, e.g. through import of infected vectors or expansion of habitats for arthropod vectors such as mosquitoes and midges. Infectious disease outbreaks, especially those by novel viruses, are generally unexpected, and therefore we should be prepared with tools and abilities for immediate action, including the identification of the causative agent, the evaluation of its pathogenic potential for animals and humans, and the fast development of diagnostic assays to allow contact tracing and quarantine measures.\n\nHONOURs is a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Innovative Training Network (MSCA-ITN), teaching 15 talented young researchers to become “preparedness-experts”. HONOURs, initiated in April 2017, involves 11 laboratories from 6 different European countries, all at the forefront of novel virus investigations and characterizations. The network includes surveillance experts in both the veterinary and the human health sector, who have developed and utilize highly sensitive virus discovery techniques, e.g. next generation sequencing based genomics and universal primers based PCR, to allow identification and characterization of novel viruses. Production of pure viral proteins, providing high-resolution structures, aids in the design of novel, fast and easy-to-use diagnostics. Organotypic in vitro cell cultures systems (e.g. pseudostratified human airway epithelia) provide tools for virus replication, if needed via a reverse genetics platform, and the production of virus stocks permits inoculation in animal models to examine disease, evaluate candidate vaccines, and fulfilment of the Koch’s postulates. Scientists of the various institutes will provide training in the HONOURs network through specialized courses and workshops, combined with challenging research projects. The final aim of the network is to deliver 15 expert scientists, ready to act in case of the emergence of an epidemic.
Classification tree models of software quality over multiple releases (2003)

Software quality models are tools for focusing software enhancement efforts. Such efforts are essential for mission-critical embedded software, such as telecommunications systems, because customer-discovered faults have very serious consequences and are very expensive to repair. We present an empirical study that evaluated software quality models over several releases to address the question, "How long will a model yield useful predictions?" We also introduce the Classification And Regression Trees (CART) algorithm to software reliability engineering practitioners. We present our method for exploiting CART features to achieve a preferred balance between the two types of misclassification rates. This is desirable because misclassifications of fault-prone modules often have much more severe consequences than misclassifications of those that are not fault-prone. We developed two classification-tree models based on four consecutive releases of a very large legacy telecommunications system. Forty-two software product, process, and execution metrics were candidate predictors. The first software quality model used measurements of the first release as the training data set and measurements of the subsequent three releases as evaluation data sets. The second model used measurements of the second release as the training data set and measurements of the subsequent two releases as evaluation data sets. Both models had accuracy that would be useful to developers.
Recent developments in drug resistance mechanism in chronic myeloid leukemia: a review (2011)

A revolution in medical science was marked with the advent of imatinib, a site-specific drug for the management of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Imatinib mesylate (also known as Glivec, Gleevec, STI-571, CGP57148), an orally administered 2-phenylaminopyrimidine derivative approved by FDA in 2001 for the treatment for CML, is highly effective in treating the early stages of CML, but remission induced in advanced phase was observed to be relatively short-lived. The primary cause of resistance in patients with CML is the mutations in the BCR-ABL kinase domain. This review discusses the different mechanisms leading to imatinib resistance and various treatment options to over-ride imatinib resistance.