gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cavitation bubble collapse in a vicinity of a liquid-liquid interface – Basic research into emulsification process (2020)

The initial motivation for the study was to gain deeper understanding into the background of emulsion preparation by ultrasound (cavitation). In our previous work (Perdih et al., 2019) we observed rich phenomena occurring near the liquid-liquid interface which was exposed to ultrasonic cavitation. Although numerous studies of bubble dynamics in different environments (presence of free surface, solid body, shear flow and even variable gravity field) exist, one can find almost no reports on the interaction of a bubble with a liquid-liquid interface. In the present work we conducted a number of experiments where single cavitation bubble dynamics was observed on each side of the oil-water interface. These were accompanied by corresponding simulations. We investigated the details of bubble interface interaction (deformation, penetration). As predicted, by the anisotropy parameter the bubble always jets toward the interface if it grows in the lighter liquid and correspondingly away from the interface if it is initiated inside the denser liquid. We extended the analysis to the relationships of various bubble characteristics and the anisotropy parameter. Finally, based on the present and our previous study (Perdih et al., 2019), we offer new insights into the physics of ultrasonic emulsification process.
Ultrafast photoinduced anisotropy and optical switching in azobenzene sidechain polymers (2003)

Photoinduced anisotropic and optical switching properties have been studied in two kinds of azobenzene sidechain polymers, a disazobenzene sidechain polymer (DAP–PGMA) and a monoazobenzene sidechain polymer P(MMA–co–MAZ). Picosecond optical switching dynamics have been observed in both DAP–PGMA and P(MMA–co–MAZ) films. The rise time of the optical switching in DAP–PGMA film is about 40 ps, which is much faster than that of P(MMA–co–MAZ) film (∼100 ps). DAP–PGMA shows enhanced photoanisotropy and larger birefringence (∼7.04×10−4) than that of P(MMA–co–MAZ) (∼1.34×10−4). The influence of the azobenzene sidechain groups on the photoanisotropic dynamics is discussed.
Model reduction and nonlinear MPC for energy management in buildings (2013)

In this paper, we introduce a singular perturbations framework for the dynamic analysis and model reduction of building models. Working with a prototype building, we present a theoretical justification of the empirically acknowledged multiple time scale dynamic response of buildings, and develop a mathematically rigorous methodology for deriving reduced-order models for the dynamics in each time scale. Our analysis accounts for the potential use of Heat Recovery Ventilators (HRVs), and we show that their presence leads to the emergence of a dynamic behavior with three time scales, including an overall, system-wide component which involves both the building and the HVAC system. The second part of the paper presents a simulation case study, where we demonstrate the use of the derived reduced-order models in the synthesis of a nonlinear predictive model-based optimal energy management strategy for a single-zone test building situated on the University of Texas campus. The proposed controller exhibits excellent performance, can easily be executed in real-time and its application results in significant energy savings compared to setpoint tracking strategies.
NOX Inhibitors as a Therapeutic Strategy for Stroke and Neurodegenerative Disease (2012)

NADPH oxidase was originally identified in immune cells as playing an important microbicidal role. In neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases, inflammation is increasingly being recognized as contributing negatively to neurological outcome, with NADPH-oxidase as an important source of superoxide. Recently, several forms of this oxidase have been found in a variety of non-immune cells. Neuronal NADPH oxidase is thought to participate in longterm potentiation and intercellular signaling. However, excessive superoxide production is damaging and has been shown to play an important role in the progression of brain injury. NADPH oxidase is a multisubunit complex composed of membrane-associated gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits and cytosolic subunits, p47(phox), p67(phox), and p40(phox) and Rac. When NADPH oxidase is activated through phosphorylatoin of p47(phox), cytosolic subunits translocate to the cell membrane and fuse with the catalytic subunit, gp91(phox). The activated enzyme complex transports electrons to oxygen, thus producing the superoxide anion (O₂˙⁻), a precursor of reactive oxygen species. The advantage of a targeted NADPH oxidase inhibitor that would inhibit the production of superoxide non-phagocytic cells is clear. To date no such therapeutically viable inhibitor exists but recent research using current inhibitors has enhanced our knowledge of the role of NADPH oxidase in CNS diseases and provides impetus to develop a very specific, potent and safe NADPH oxidase inhibitor.
ChemInform Abstract: Comprehensive and Facile Entry into Substituted Amidines via the Condensation of N‐Pmc‐Substituted Thioamides with Amines Using Mukaiyama Reagent as a Thiophile. (2011)

Abstract A novel methodology for the synthesis of substituted amides is presented using The condensation step can be followed by removal of the protecting group i the presence of formic acid or TFA.
Magnetically tunable nano-superlattice metaconductors for RF applications (2016)

A nanomachined ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic superlattice approach is used for tunable radio frequency (RF) conductors, where the current flow profile through the volume of the conductor is magnetically manipulated and so is the RF resistance. The magnetically tunable nano-superlattice conductors with a variable ohmic resistance in GHz range are successfully demonstrated. The realized superlattice conductor consists of an alternating 20 layers of Cu/Ni and Cu/NiFe thin films with a thickness of each pair of 150 nm/25 nm where 150 nm is a few times smaller than the skin depth of Cu in the frequency range of interest. As a total multi-layer conductor's thickness of 1.75 μm has shown to have a reverse RF resistance performance as a function of frequency compared to its solid Cu counterpart with the same thickness, we call this artificial conductor as the “metaconductor”. In 10 MHz - 20 GHz frequency range, the metaconductors show an increased ohmic resistance in less than 10 GHz, but a reduced ohmic resistance in greater than 10 GHz range as “low loss conductors” in especially Ku and K bands. The RF frequency showing maximum resistance is magnetically tunable by more than 700 % (1 GHz ~ 7 GHz).
ChemInform Abstract: New Strategy for Targeting of Photosensitizers. Synthesis of Glycodendrimeric Phenylporphyrins, Incorporation into a Liposome Membrane and Interaction with a Specific Lectin. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 124: Chest Compression Pause Duration is Associated with Worse Survival Outcomes Following Pediatric In-hospital Cardiac Arrest (2020)

Introduction: The association between chest compression (CC) pause duration and pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) survival outcomes is unknown. We hypothesized that longer maximum CC pause durations are associated with worse survival and neurological outcomes. Methods: Cohort study of all index pediatric IHCAs (&lt;18 years of age) ≥1 min in the Pediatric Resuscitation Quality (PediRES-Q) Network from July 2015 through December 2019. We used multivariate logistic regression with mixed effects and robust standard errors to analyze association of 5-sec increments of longest CC pause duration with survival and neurologic outcomes. Favorable neurological outcome was defined as Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) at discharge ≤3 or no change from baseline. Results: We identified 371 index IHCAs: median [Q1,Q3] age 2.6 [0.6,9.4] years, female 46%, shockable rhythm 13%, CPR duration 23 [9,47] min. Median length of the longest pause was 17 [8,27] sec. Each 5 sec increase in longest CC pause duration was associated with 6% lower odds for survival with favorable neurological outcome, even after adjusting for age, defibrillation, intubation, extracorporeal CPR, illness category, hypotension as etiology for arrest, CC depth, and clustering by site (aOR 0.94 [95% CI:0.88-0.99], p=0.04). Analyses controlling for the same factors demonstrated an association of longest pause duration with lower odds for survival to hospital discharge (aOR 0.94 [95% CI: 0.90-0.99, p=0.02) and return of spontaneous circulation (aOR 0.91 [(95% CI: 0.86-0.96], p=0.001). Conclusions: Longest CC pause duration is associated with favorable neurological outcome, survival to hospital discharge, and return of spontaneous circulation following pediatric IHCA, even when controlling for known confounders and clustering by site. Each 5 sec. increment in longest CC pause duration was associated with 6% lower odds for survival with favorable neurological outcome.
Trip-oriented Energy Management Control strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (2011)

This paper presents a trip-oriented Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) energy management control (EMC) strategy that aims to improve the real world PHEV energy usage efficiency, economy and flexibility. The designed control architecture and methodologies enable the energy management control to utilize different levels of available trip foreknowledge, from as limited as distance between charges to as much as driving patterns, routing and real time traffic information, to optimize the onboard energy (fuel and electricity) usage. The proposed EMC first programs a battery SOC profile along a specific trip that governs an optimized energy consumption process with respect to a customer's energy usage budget and foreseeable trip information. Next, a feedback controller manages the fuel consumption to electricity depletion ratio to achieve the preplanned energy consumption process by following the SOC profile and controlling the PHEV powertrain to its most efficient admissible operating states.
Supplementary Table 4 from A Novel Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Locus at 19q13 (2023)

Supplementary Table 4 from A Novel Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Locus at 19q13
Revealing enzyme functional architecture via high-throughput microfluidic enzyme kinetics (2021)

Systematic and extensive investigation of enzymes is needed to understand their extraordinary efficiency and meet current challenges in medicine and engineering. We present HT-MEK (High-Throughput Microfluidic Enzyme Kinetics), a microfluidic platform for high-throughput expression, purification, and characterization of more than 1500 enzyme variants per experiment. For 1036 mutants of the alkaline phosphatase PafA (phosphate-irrepressible alkaline phosphatase of Flavobacterium), we performed more than 670,000 reactions and determined more than 5000 kinetic and physical constants for multiple substrates and inhibitors. We uncovered extensive kinetic partitioning to a misfolded state and isolated catalytic effects, revealing spatially contiguous regions of residues linked to particular aspects of function. Regions included active-site proximal residues but extended to the enzyme surface, providing a map of underlying architecture not possible to derive from existing approaches. HT-MEK has applications that range from understanding molecular mechanisms to medicine, engineering, and design.
Routing in LEO-based satellite networks (2003)

Several strategies have been proposed for routing in a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite system. Some of them are based on the Internet protocol (IP) and a few on asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switching. However, issues like memory requirements of the satellites in the LEO network and the overheads involved in transmitting packets over the network have tended to be ignored. This paper focuses on developing an efficient solution to the routing issue in a LEO network. It also discusses the issue of the placement of the network operations and control centers (NOCC) required to support the satellite system.
Treatment of Experimental (Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid) Colitis by Intranasal Administration of Transforming Growth Factor (Tgf)-β1 Plasmid (2000)

In this study, we show that a single intranasal dose of a plasmid encoding active transforming growth factor beta1 (pCMV-TGF-beta1) prevents the development of T helper cell type 1 (Th1)-mediated experimental colitis induced by the haptenating reagent, 2,4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). In addition, such plasmid administration abrogates TNBS colitis after it has been established, whereas, in contrast, intraperitoneal administration of rTGF-beta1 protein does not have this effect. Intranasal pCMV-TGF-beta1 administration leads to the expression of TGF-beta1 mRNA in the intestinal lamina propria and spleen for 2 wk, as well as the appearance of TGF-beta1-producing T cells and macrophages in these tissues, and is not associated with the appearances of fibrosis. These cells cause marked suppression of interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon (IFN)-gamma production and enhancement of IL-10 production; in addition, they inhibit IL-12 receptor beta2 (IL-12Rbeta2) chain expression. Coadministration of anti-IL-10 at the time of pCMV-TGF-beta1 administration prevents the enhancement of IL-10 production and reverses the suppression of IL-12 but not IFN-gamma secretion. However, anti-IL-10 leads to increased tumor necrosis factor alpha production, especially in established colitis. Taken together, these studies show that TGF-beta1 inhibition of a Th1-mediated colitis is due to: (a) suppression of IL-12 secretion by IL-10 induction and (b) inhibition of IL-12 signaling via downregulation of IL-12Rbeta2 chain expression. In addition, TGF-beta1 may also have an inhibitory effect on IFN-gamma transcription.
Prescribing Behavior of General Practitioners for Generic Drugs (2020)

The factors influencing General Practitioners' (GPs) prescribing behavior are diverse in terms of health care policies and regulations, GPs' education and experience, demographic trends and disease profiles. Thus, it can be useful to analyze the specific local patterns, as they affect the quality of healthcare and the stability of the healthcare market. The aim of the present longitudinal retrospective study is to investigate the prescription of generic drugs in a database of about 4.6 million prescriptions from a sample of 38 GPs practicing in Salerno, Italy, within a timeframe of 15 years, from 2001 to 2015. The GPs in our study show a general tendency to increase prescriptions of generic drugs during the studied time span, to fulfill regulatory obligations and with some differences in prescription behavior according to age, gender and experience. The generics prescription depends also on the different diagnoses, with some diagnostic areas showing a greater generic drug prescription rate. Expanding this research to larger datasets would allow deepening the knowledge of the patterns of GPs' prescribing decisions, to provide evidence to be used in comparison between different national settings.
Single potential step chronoabsorptometric determination of heterogeneous electron transfer kinetic parameters of quasi-reversible processes (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSingle potential step chronoabsorptometric determination of heterogeneous electron transfer kinetic parameters of quasi-reversible processesEric E. Bancroft, Henry N. Blount, and Fred M. HawkridgeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 12, 1862–1866Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00235a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00235a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views137Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Bayesian non parametric time-switching autoregressive model for multipath errors in GPS navigation (2016)

Multipath is one of the most penalizing error sources in GPS navigation. It occurs when the satellite signals are reflected on obstacles before reaching the GPS receiver, corrupting the satellite-receiver distance measurements. In recent works, Bayesian non parametric (BNP) models of the measurement errors in the presence of multipath were considered. The latter were assumed to be distributed according to an a priori infinite mixture of Gaussian probability density functions. However, the errors were considered temporally white. This assumption does not hold in practice. In this paper, we extend the proposed BNP formalism to the case of time-correlated errors. For this purpose, we model the correlated measurement errors as an infinite mixture of autoregressive processes. Then, the on-line joint estimation of the navigation variables, the correlated measurement errors and their parameters from the GPS measurements is performed by particle filtering.
Allergen-Derived T Cell Peptide-Induced Late Asthmatic Reactions Precede the Induction of Antigen-Specific Hyporesponsiveness in Atopic Allergic Asthmatic Subjects (2001)

Allergen-derived peptides can induce T cell tolerance in naive and Ag-primed mice. This is preceded by transient T cell activation. In humans, intradermal administration of short allergen-derived T cell peptide epitopes provokes IgE-independent isolated late asthmatic reactions (LARs) in sensitized subjects. In this study, we determine whether, as in mouse models, such peptides produce hyporesponsiveness to rechallenge with peptides, or whole allergen, either clinically or in terms of in vitro T cell responses. We found that a second injection of cat allergen (Fel d 1)-derived T cell peptides was associated with a marked reduction, or absence, of the LAR, and that up to 40 wk was required for return to baseline values. The cutaneous late-phase reaction to whole cat dander was also inhibited, even in subjects who did not experience an initial LAR. These observations were associated with a significant decrease in peptide- and whole allergen-induced proliferation of PBMCs and the production of IL-4, IL-13, and IFN-gamma in cultures. Thus, allergen-derived peptides induce tolerance to subsequent peptide injection in the target organ (the lung), reduce late-phase cutaneous responsiveness to whole allergen, and alter in vitro T cell reactivity.
Membrane bioreactor: a new treatment tool (1996)

Preliminary results from a full‐scale plant in Douchy, France, show successful use of membrane bioreactor technology for denitrification and pesticides removal. A new process that combines membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology and powdered activated carbon (PAC) has been developed at industrial scale. This process denitrifies, removes natural organic matter (NOM) and pesticides, and disinfects. Denitrification is carried out by heterotrophic bacteria using ethanol as a carbon source. PAC added to the bioreactor adsorbs pesticides and a fraction of NOM. The membrane keeps the solids and high‐molecular‐weight compounds in the bioreactor by separating them from the treated water. Ultrafiltration removes protozoa, bacteria, and viruses, thus achieving disinfection. Chlorine is added to the ultrafiltered water to maintain quality in the distribution system.
Rational design of palladium single-atoms and clusters supported on silicoaluminophosphate-31 by a photochemical route for chemoselective hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin (2021)

Chemoselective hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin is of great importance in converting biomass into high value-added chemicals. Herein, we describe a facile photochemical route to access palladium single atoms and clusters supported on silicoaluminophosphate-31 (SAPO-31) as a highly active, chemoselective, and reusable catalyst for hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin. Characterizations by aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy, extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurement, and CO-absorbed diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy reveal the atomically dispersed palladium single atoms and clusters are loosely bonded and randomly dispersed, without forming strong palladium-palladium metallic bonding, over the SAPO-31 support. This catalyst, with a full metal availability to the reactants, exhibits exceptional catalytic activity (TOF: 3,000 h−1, Yield: > 99%) in the hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin toward 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol (MMP) under mild conditions (1 atm, 80 °C, 30 min), along with excellent stability, scalability (up to 100-fold), and wide substrate scope. The superior catalytic performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the positively charged palladium single atoms and fully exposed clusters, as well as the strong metal-support interactions. This work may offer a new avenue for the design and synthesis of fully exposed metal catalysts with targeted functionalities.
Revealing anyonic features in a toric code quantum simulation (2007)

Anyons are quasiparticles in two-dimensional systems that show statistical properties very distinct from those of bosons or fermions. While their isolated observation has not yet been achieved, here we perform a quantum simulation of anyons on the toric code model. By encoding the model in the multi-partite entangled state of polarized photons, we are able to demonstrate various manipulations of anyonic states and, in particular, their characteristic fractional statistics.
Integrating communication protocol selection with partitioning in hardware/software codesign (1998)

This paper presents a codesign approach which incorporates communication protocol selection as a design parameter within hardware/software partitioning. The presented approach takes into account data transfer rates depending on communication protocol types and configurations, and different operating frequencies of system components, i.e. CPUs, ASICs, and busses. It also takes into account the timing and area influences of drivers and driver calls needed to perform the communication. The approach is illustrated by a number of design space exploration experiments which use models of the PCI and USB communication protocols.
Livestock Impacts on Riparian Ecosystems and Streamside Management Implications... A Review (1984)

This material was digitized as part of a cooperative project between the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries.
Synthesis of 2‐substituted benzimidazoles by iodine‐mediated condensation of orthoesters with 1,2‐phenylenediamines (2007)

Abstract magnified image Iodine was found to be an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 2‐substituted benzimidazoles by the condensation of orthoesters and 1,2‐phenylenediamines in good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions.