gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tu1210 Long Term Symptom Outcome After an Evidence Based Medicine Trial of Gastric Electrical Stimulation (2015)

Background: We previously published (GIE 2011; 74: 496-503) an evidence based medicine study (CTRN 00432835) designed to evaluate the capacity of a 72 hour course of temporary mucosal gastric electrical stimulation (GES) to reduce nausea and vomiting, as well as other symptoms associated with the syndrome of gastroparesis. Following this study, we examined the outcomes data available from our long term clinical care of patients enrolled in the original trial subsequently implanted with permanent GES devices. Methods: Of the 58 patients in the original cross-over trial, 38 were approved by insurers and returned for permanent GES. The mean patient age was 46 years, 78% were female, 68% white, with 30% diabetic and 70% non-diabetic status. Average follow-up time in our clinical records was 4.1 years, with a maximum follow-up of 5.5 years (61% returned for 6-month followup, 71% for 12-month follow-up, and 63% for follow-up between 2.2 and 5.5 years after permanent stimulator placement). We employed a linear mixed model (random intercept), empirical Bayes approach to use the full longitudinal outcome trajectories in estimating patient-specific average long-term symptom levels after permanent placement. We then examined relationships between patient-specific final results with temporary stimulation (ON phase) during the trial and patient-specific, average long-term symptom levels. Results: Positive relationships between short-term and long-term outcomes existed, with significant associations for the Nausea and Total Symptom Score measures. We noted that 76% of the patients had no vomiting (Final Temp GES vomiting score=0) after 72 hours of temp GES, which, though a positive result from the original trial, interferes with our ability to determine associations with long-term outcomes due to minimal variation in the predictor of Vomiting (x-axis). For each unit increase in final temporary GES symptom Nausea, long-term Nausea outcomes showed associated increases of 0.3 units, 95% CI (0.02, 0.32) p=0.030. TSS showed similar significant associations between short and long-term outcomes, with a positive association of 2.1 units, (0.1, 4.1) p=0.045 (Figure 1). Gastric emptying tests (GET) for the whole group of patients changed little with temporary stimulation but did improve with long term GES, although the results were not statistically significant (Table 1). Conclusion: Long term follow up of a temporary double masked trial of endoscopic GES shows good correlation with the original symptoms improvements. We conclude that a trial of temporary GES can predict long term permanent GES outcome in patients with the symptoms of gastroparesis. Gastric motility measures pre and post treatment with GES: (N=37)
Vector magnetometry based on electromagnetically induced transparency in linearly polarized light (2010)

We develop a generalized principle of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) vector magnetometry based on high-contrast EIT resonances and the symmetry of atom-light interaction in the linearly polarized bichromatic fields. Operation of such vector magnetometer on the ${D}_{1}$ line of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ has been demonstrated. The proposed compass-magnetometer has an increased immunity to shifts produced by quadratic Zeeman and ac-Stark effects, as well as by atom-buffer gas and atom-atom collisions. In our proof-of-principle experiment the detected angular sensitivity to magnetic field orientation is ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ deg/Hz${}^{1/2}$, which is limited by laser intensity fluctuations, light polarization quality, and magnitude of the magnetic field.
Adolescent externalizing behaviour, psychological control, and peer rejection: Transactional links and dopaminergic moderation (2017)

This study investigated (1) reciprocal links among parental psychological control, peer rejection, and adolescent externalizing (aggressive and rule-breaking behaviour), and (2) the moderating effect of an adolescent genetic factor (biologically informed polygenic score for dopamine signalling). Three-year longitudinal data from 1,116 adolescents (51% boys; M age = 13.79) and their parents included psychological measures (adolescent-reported psychological control, peer-reported rejection, and parent-reported aggressive and rule-breaking behaviour). Cross-lagged analyses showed bidirectional effects between psychological control and both aggressive and rule-breaking behaviour and a unidirectional effect of peer rejection on both forms of problem behaviour over time. Multigroup structural equation modelling revealed genetic moderation only for rule-breaking behaviour: for adolescents with intermediate levels of dopamine signalling significant environmental effects were present, whereas adolescent effects of rule-breaking behaviour on psychological control were significant for adolescents with both intermediate and high profiles and effects on peer rejection only for adolescents with high dopamine profiles. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Parental psychological control is related to adolescent externalizing problems. Experiencing peer rejection reinforces aggressive and rule-breaking behaviour. Single-gene studies show that dopaminergic genes influence externalizing problems directly or in interaction with the environment. What does this study add? Parental psychological control and adolescent aggressive and rule-breaking behaviour exacerbate one another longitudinally. Longitudinal associations between peer rejection and both subtypes of externalizing behaviour are unidirectional. With a polygenic approach, dopaminergic moderation is present for rule-breaking behaviour only.
Rule of Five (2016)

The evolution that has taken place in medicinal chemistry practice as a result of major advances in genomics and molecular biology arising from the Human Genome Project has carried with it an extensive additional working vocabulary that has become both integrated and essential terminology for the medicinal chemist. Some of this augmented terminology has been adopted from the many related and interlocked scientific disciplines with which the modern medicinal chemist must be conversant, but many other terms have been introduced to define new concepts and ideas as they have arisen. In this supplementary Glossary, we have attempted to collate and define many of the additional terms that are now considered to be essential components of the medicinal chemist’s expanded repertoire.
Simulated moving bed multiobjective optimization using standing wave design and genetic algorithm (2008)

Abstract Multiobjective optimization of simulated moving bed systems for chiral separations is studied by incorporating standing wave design into the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm with jumping genes. It allows simultaneous optimization of seven system and five operating parameters to show the trade‐off between productivity, desorbent requirement (DR), and yield. If pressure limit, product purity, and yield are fixed, higher productivity can be obtained at a cost of higher DR. If yield is not fixed, it can be sacrificed to achieve higher productivity or vice versa. Short zones and high feed concentration favor high productivity, whereas long zones favor high yield and low DR. At fixed product purity and yield, increasing the pressure limit allows the use of smaller particles to increase productivity and to decrease DR. The performance of low‐pressure simulated moving bed can be improved significantly by using shorter columns and smaller particles than those in conventional systems. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 54: 2852–2871, 2008
Evaluating structural models for the U.S. short rate using EMM and optimal filters (2007)

We combine the efficient method of moments with appropriate algorithms from the optimal filtering and signal extraction literature to study a collection of models for the U.S. short rate. Our models include two continuous time stochastic volatility models and two regime switching models, which provided the best fit in previous work that examined a larger collection of models. The continuous time stochastic volatility models fall into the class of nonlinear, non-Gaussian state space models for which we apply particle filtering and smoothing algorithms. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the particle filter for continuous time processes. Our analy-sis also provides an alternative and complementary approach to the reprojection technique of Gallant and Tauchen (1998) for studying the dynamics of volatility.
Testing the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (1997)

Laminin, a major structural glycoprotein complex of basement membranes has been found to be modulated by angiotensin II in vitro and in vivo. In cultures of aortic organoids and vascular smooth muscle cells, expression of laminin was stimulated by exogenous vasoconstrictor peptide. Stimulation of laminin protein and mRNA expression was observed for both laminin B1/ B2-chains and an unknown laminin heavy chain. Compared with PYS-2 cells, a mouse teratocarcinoma cell line which constitutively expresses a 10-kb mRNA transcript for ‘classical’ laminin A-chain, cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) did not express a corresponding mRNA. However, cultured VSMC were found to express laminin A-chain-related mRNAs of ≈1.8 kb and ≈3.8kb, respectively. The 1.8-kb species of transcript was expressed in a constitutive manner, whereas the 3.8-kb mRNA was found to be regulated by angiotensin II. Laminin complexes secreted by cultured cells contained a ≈300 kD heavy chain which did not immunoreact with immuno-reagents raised against either the classical laminin complex secreted by EHS tumor cells or the merosin heavy chain. The putative A-chain analogue possibly represents a new form of a tissue-specific laminin heavy chain, distinct from the A- and M-chains thus far described. Translation products encoded by the A-chain-related transcripts of cultured smooth muscle cells could not be specified using currently available antibodies. The putative protein(s) is speculated to contain the biological features of the N-terminus of the laminin A-chain, namely self-assembly and association with collagen type IV.
Ultrashort pulse periodic surface structuring of metallic surfaces (2010)

A detailed study has been conducted into the effect of laser process parameters on the production of periodic surface structures in AISI 316L stainless steel using an ultra-short pulse fibre laser. Links were found between scan speed and pulse energy on feature depth and uniformity. The Gaussian beam profile was found to have a large effect on the quality of features produced across laser scanned tracks. A threshold intensity value for the production of surface ripples was calculated from a Gaussian analysis of measured track widths. The threshold value when machining at 200kHz, 750mms−1, and 2 J was calculated to be 2.35x1014 Wm−2 and was found to agree well with the presented experimental data. Finally an initial study into the effect of incident angle on ripple production was carried out.
Preclinical imaging of epidermal growth factor receptor with ABY‐029 in soft‐tissue sarcoma for fluorescence‐guided surgery and tumor detection (2019)

ABY-029 demonstrates promise to assist in wide local excision of soft-tissue sarcomas. Further clinical evaluation of in situ or freshly excised ex vivo tissues using fluorescence imaging systems is warranted.
The Conformation of the Mannopyranosyl Phosphate Repeating Unit of the Capsular Polysaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup A and Its Carba‐Mimetic (2018)

<i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> serogroup A (MenA) is an aerobic diplococcal Gram-negative bacterium responsible for epidemic meningitis disease. Its capsular polysaccharide (CPS) has been identified as the primary virulence factor of MenA. This polysaccharide suffers from chemical lability in water. Thus, the design and synthesis of novel and hydrolytically stable structural analogues of MenA CPS may provide additional tools for the development of therapies against this disease. In this context, the structural features of the natural phosphorylated monomer have been analyzed and compared to those of its carba-analogue, where the endocyclic oxygen has been replaced by a methylene moiety. The lowest energy geometries of the different molecules have been calculated using a combination of quantum mechanical techniques and molecular dynamics simulations. The predicted results have been compared and validated using NMR experiments. The results indicate that the more stable designed glycomimetics may adopt the conformation adopted by the natural monomer, although they display a wider flexibility around the torsional degrees of freedom.
Optimizing block size in motion-compensated video coding (1998)

The <i>Journal of Electronic Imaging</i> (JEI), copublished bimonthly with the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, publishes peer-reviewed papers that cover research and applications in all areas of electronic imaging science and technology.
188Re-SSS Lipiodol Radioembolization in HCC Patients: Results of a Phase 1 Trial (Lip-Re-01 Study) (2023)

The high in vivo stability of <sup>188</sup>Re-SSS lipiodol was confirmed, resulting in encouraging responses for a Phase 1 study. As the 3.6 GBq activity proved to be safe, it will be used in a future Phase 2 study.
Validation of a Rapid and Sensitive UPLC–MS-MS Method Coupled with Protein Precipitation for the Simultaneous Determination of Seven Pyrethroids in 100 µL of Rat Plasma by Using Ammonium Adduct as Precursor Ion (2016)

United States Environmental Protection Agency has recommended estimating pyrethroids' risk using cumulative exposure. For cumulative risk assessment, it would be useful to have a bioanalytical method for quantification of one or several pyrethroids simultaneously in a small sample volume to support toxicokinetic studies. Therefore, in the present study, a simple, sensitive and high-throughput ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for simultaneous analysis of seven pyrethroids (fenvalerate, fenpropathrin, bifenthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin and deltamethrin) in 100 µL of rat plasma. A simple single-step protein precipitation method was used for the extraction of target compounds. The total chromatographic run time of the method was 5 min. The chromatographic system used a Supelco C18 column and isocratic elution with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and 5 mM ammonium formate in the ratio of 90 : 10 (v/v). Mass spectrometer (API 4000) was operated in multiple reaction monitoring positive-ion mode using the electrospray ionization technique. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 7.8-2,000 ng/mL with correlation coefficients of ≥ 0.99. All validation parameters such as precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect and stability met the acceptance criteria according to the regulatory guidelines. The method was successfully applied to the toxicokinetic study of cypermethrin in rats. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first LC-MS-MS method for the simultaneous analysis of pyrethroids in rat plasma. This validated method with minimal modification can also be utilized for forensic and clinical toxicological applications due to its simplicity, sensitivity and rapidity.
Chemistry of Transition Metal Cyanide Compounds: Modern Perspectives (1996)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction General Aspects of Transition Metal Cyanides Cyanide Inclusion Compounds Structures of Prussian Blue and Prussian Blue Analogues Electronic Aspects of Cyanide Compounds Special Topics Summary and Outlook
Third universal definition of myocardial infarction (2019)

"Myocardial infarction (MI) can be recognised by clinical features, including electrocardiographic (ECG) findings, elevated values of biochemical markers (biomarkers) of myocardial necrosis, and by imaging, or may be defined by pathology. It is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. MI may be the first manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD) or it may occur, repeatedly, in patients with established disease. Information on MI rates can provide useful information regarding the burden of CAD within and across populations, especially if standardized data are collected in a manner that distinguishes between incident and recurrent events. From the epidemiological point of view, the incidence of MI in a population can be used as a proxy for the prevalence of CAD in that population. The term ‘myocardial infarction’ may have major psychological and legal implications for the individual and society. It is an indicator of one of the leading health problems in the world and it is an outcome measure in clinical trials, observational studies and quality assurance programmes. These studies and programmes require a precise and consistent definition of MI. In the past, a general consensus existed for the clinical syndrome designated as MI. In studies of disease prevalence, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined MI from symptoms, ECG abnormalities and cardiac enzymes. However, the development of ever more sensitive and myocardial tissue-specific cardiac biomarkers and more sensitive imaging techniques now allows for detection of very small amounts of myocardial injury or necrosis. Additionally, the management of patients with MI has significantly improved, resulting in less myocardial injury and necrosis, in spite of a similar clinical presentation. Moreover, it appears necessary to distinguish the various conditions which may cause MI, such as ‘spontaneous’ and ‘procedure-related’ MI. Accordingly, physicians, other healthcare providers and patients require an up-to-date definition of MI."
Quantitative Anatomic Study of the Transciliary Supraorbital Approach (2010)

TCSO combined with orbital osteotomy improves exposure. Removing the orbital rim and roof increases the area for instrument use and improves the vertical angle of attack to common sites in the anterior circulation involving aneurysms.
Measurements of the longitudinal wakefields in a multimode, dielectric wakefield accelerator driven by a train of electron bunches (2000)

We report on the experimental demonstration of a novel wakefield acceleration technique where a short electron bunch excites a broadband harmonic frequency spectrum, in a cylindrical dielectric structure, to synthesize an accelerating waveform. The structure is designed to have its ${\mathrm{TM}}_{0n}$ modes nearly equally spaced so that the modes generated by a single short electron bunch constructively interfere in the neighborhood of integral multiples of the fundamental wavelength producing large acceleration gradients. Realization of a harmonic multimode structure requires more stringent design considerations than a single-mode structure, since the permittivity and loss tangent of the material should not change substantially over the bandwidth of the structure. In this experiment, a bunch train of four 5 nC electron bunches, separated by 760 ps (one net wavelength), were passed through a 60 cm long dielectric-lined cylindrical harmonic structure. Use of a train of drive bunches spaced by one wavelength reinforced the accelerating wakefield; observation of the energy loss of each bunch via a magnetic spectrometer served as a diagnostic of the wakefield. The measured energy spectrum of the four beams after passing through the waveguide was found to be in excellent agreement with the predictions of the analytic model. This result demonstrates that a dielectric can be fabricated which can synthesize the required wakefield. We also discuss potential advantages of this harmonic approach over conventional single-mode wakefield accelerators.
Novel aminonaphthoquinone mannich bases derived from lawsone and their copper(II) complexes: synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity (2009)

A series of novel Mannich bases (HL1-HL13) derived from 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (lawsone), substituted benzaldehydes [C6H2R¹R²R³C(O)H] and various primary amines (NH2R4, R4 = n-butyl, benzyl, allyl, 2-furfuryl), and their Cu2+ complexes, [Cu(L1)2]-[Cu(L13)2], have been synthesized and fully characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods. The structures of complexes 1(R¹ = R² = R³ = H; R4 = Bu), 2(R¹ = R³ = H; R² = NO2; R4= Bu) and 7 (R¹ = OH; R² = R³ = H; R4= Bu) were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. All complexes crystallize in centrosymmetric space groups, with a copper atom in the inversion centre. Two L- coordinate through the naphthalen-2-olate oxygen and secondary amine-N atoms, forming six-membered chelate rings around the copper atom in a trans-N2O2 environment; spectroscopic data confirm that the other complexes exhibit similar molecular arrangement. The antimicrobial activity of all compounds has been tested on seven different strains of bacteria: Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosaand Staphylococcus aureus. In general, Mannich bases were more active than complexes, HL11(R¹ = OH; R² =H; R³ = Me; R4= Bn) and HL13(R¹ = OH; R² = H; R³ = Br; R4= Bn) being the most potent inhibitors. The MIC for the most active compound HL11against S. Coliwas 20 µmol L-1 (8 µg mL-1), better than Chloramphenicol (90 µmol L-1) and well below most values reported for other naphthoquinones.
A Service-Oriented Algebra for Optimizing the Management of Service Requests (2015)

The Work-as-a-Service (WaaS) paradigm models work engagements as compositions of service requests, with the intention of separating the work coordination and enactment. In this chapter we present a definition of the WaaS conceptual meta-model a WaaS protocol, based on algebraic ideas from the area of business artifacts, that enables work decomposition, delegation, control, and enactment. The meta-model supports management and coordination during planning and enactment of work. The essential part is a coordination lifecycle, consisting of loosely coupled milestones, domain-specific information attributes, and sets of abstract observable activities to be performed. The presented service-oriented algebra consists of operations for coordination lifecycles when encapsulated service requests are torn, merged, paused, and resumed. The meta-model and protocol presented in this chapter are independent from the specific coordination enactment model which may employ centralized coordination, fully distributed coordination, or other models of coordination between requestors and providers under various optimization objectives.
NEXT cancellation system with improved convergence rate and tracking performance (2005)

A near-end crosstalk (NEXT) cancellation system that uses frequency-domain least-mean-squares (FDLMS) adaptive filters is proposed. The new system is equipped with a mechanism whereby the NEXT signals are detected and then FDLMS adaptive filters are assigned to cancel only the significant NEXT signals. The paper also explores various schemes of assigning step sizes to the adaptive filters. It has been found that by making the step sizes proportional to the magnitudes of the NEXT signals during the initial phases of adaptation, and equal later on, significant improvement in the convergence rate can be achieved. By returning after convergence to step sizes that are proportional to the magnitudes of the NEXT signals, a much better tracking performance can also be achieved.