gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification and Properties of a Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate-linked Aldohexose Dehydrogenase from Gluconobacter cerinus (1968)

Abstract A soluble NADP-linked aldohexose dehydrogenase has been isolated and purified about 100-fold from extracts of Gluconobacter cerinus cells. The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of d-glucose, d-mannose, 2-deoxy-d-glucose, and 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-mannose with apparent Km values at pH 8.0 of 5.3 x 10-3 m, 1.8 x 10-3 m, 3.9 x 10-2 m, and 2.9 x 10-2 m, respectively. Other aldohexoses or aldopentoses examined were inert either as substrates or as inhibitors. The product of the enzymatic oxidation of d-glucose was characterized as the corresponding hexonic acid-δ-lactone. Reversibility of the reaction has been shown by the identification of d-glucose as the product of NADPH oxidation in the presence of d-glucono-δ-lactone. The enzyme shows high specificity for NADP+ (Km = 1.2 x 10-5 m) and NADPH (Ki = 3.8 x 10-5 m).
Binding Interactions of Peptide Aptamers (2020)

Peptide aptamers are short amino acid chains that are capable of binding specifically to ligands in the same way as their much larger counterparts, antibodies. Ligands of therapeutic interest that can be targeted are other peptide chains or loops located on the surface of protein receptors (e.g., GCPR), which take part in cell-to-cell communications either directly or via the intermediary of hormones or signalling molecules. To confer on aptamers the same sort of conformational rigidity that characterises an antibody binding site, aptamers are often constructed in the form of cyclic peptides, on the assumption that this will encourage stronger binding interactions than would occur if the aptamers were simply linear chains. However, no formal studies have been conducted to confirm the hypothesis that linear peptides will engage in stronger binding interactions with cyclic peptides than with other linear peptides. In this study, the interaction of a model cyclic decamer with a series of linear peptide constructs was compared with that of a linear peptide with the same sequence, showing that the cyclic configuration does confer benefits by increasing the strength of binding.
INVESTIGATIONS ON THE DRYING BEHAVIOUR OF ADHESIVES ON PLASMA-TREATED WOOD MATERIALS (2009)

In this study, the drying behaviour of a polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive and an emulsion polymer isocyanate adhesive on particle board and heat-treated beech wood in untreated and plasma-treated (by a dielectric barrier discharge at standard atmospheric pressure) state was investigated. Shear strength tests were performed to monitor the increase in bonding strength during the drying process. Th e results show an accelerated increase in bonding strength of PVAcglued particle boards after plasma treatment, but no change in the drying characteristics of heattreated beech wood was found.
Insights into Mcl-1 Conformational States and Allosteric Inhibition Mechanism from Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Enhanced Sampling, and Pocket Crosstalk Analysis (2020)

In this study, we explored the structural dynamics of Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein. On the basis of structural ensembles, the essential dynamics was extracted and showed two major axes of variability: a breathing motion at the binding interface and a correlated motion through the internal loops. A free energy surface characterizing the breathing motion at the binding interface was generated and suggested an equilibrium between a closed conformation and a "ready to bind" conformation as the predominant states of Mcl-1 in solution. Moreover, the analysis of the dynamics along the internal loops revealed a hidden communication network of transient and cryptic pockets controlling the allosteric inhibition of Mcl-1. A detailed model joining the pocket crosstalk and salt bridge networks along the internal loops was proposed and allowed us to shed light on the key interactions governing Mcl-1's allosteric inhibition.
Decreased Atherosclerosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Knockout Mice Transplanted With Abcg1 −/− Bone Marrow (2006)

These studies reveal an inverse relationship between Abcg1 expression and apoE accumulation and secretion in macrophages. The reduced atherosclerosis in recipients of Abcg1-deficient bone marrow may be explained by induction of Abca1 and an associated increase in macrophage apoE secretion.
Polymeric Nanoparticles Encapsulating White Tea Extract for Nutraceutical Application (2015)

With the aim to obtain controlled release and to preserve the antioxidant activity of the polyphenols, nanoencapsulation of white tea extract into polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and alginate was successfully performed. NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation method and were characterized in terms of morphology and chemical properties. Total polyphenols and catechins contents before and after encapsulation were determined. Moreover, in vitro release profiles of encapsulated polyphenols from NPs were investigated in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The antioxidant activity and stability of encapsulated extract were further evaluated. Interestingly, NPs released 20% of the polyphenols in simulated gastric medium, and 80% after 5 h at pH 7.4, showing a good capacity to control the polyphenols delivery. Furthermore, DPPH(•) assay confirmed that white tea extract retained its antioxidant activity and NPs protected tea polyphenols from degradation, thus opening new perspectives for the exploitation of white tea extract-loaded NPs for nutraceutical applications.
Source Resolution of Fine Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using a Receptor Model Modified for Reactivity (1994)

This paper provides source contribution estimates from vehicular and meat-cooking emissions to particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations measured at two Los Angeles sites during a field study in 1989. The source concentration matrix for PAH was based on new data for vehicular emissions and literature data for meat-cooking operations. The chemical mass balance (CMB 7.0) receptor model was used, and source profiles were modified to reflect reactive decay of PAH in the atmosphere. The calculations indicate that the Pico Rivera site was dominated by auto emissions, which account for more than 90 percent of all the PAH (except chrysene), carbon monoxide (CO), and 61 percent of the EC concentrations. In contrast, emissions from meat cooking contributed significantly (20 to 75 percent) to the concentrations of four-ring PAH measured at a residential site at Upland. The five-ring and larger PAH were attributed to auto emissions at Upland as well.
Docetaxel and Radiotherapy and Pancreatic Cancer (2003)

Even the MTD was not reached, dose escalation was stopped at 35 mg/m2/week. This dose is comparable to the ones previously published using docetaxel in combination with radiotherapy in other tumors. Three patients achieved stable disease and 1 patient an objective response. This combination of weekly docetaxel and radiotherapy shows a feasible and well-tolerated regimen, with, nonetheless, a significant rate of rehospitalization, for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer.
When precession electron diffraction tomography goes dynamical (2016)

Automated three-dimensional electron diffraction methods, for example automated diffraction tomography (ADT) [1] and rotation electron diffraction (RED) [2][3], can be used to collect and process completed 3D electron diffraction data from nanometer sized crystals and have been very successful in application of solving complex structures. However, limited crystal tilting range and steps, electron beam damage and dynamical scattering of electrons degrade the RED data quality and result in high R values and inaccurate structural parameters from refinement. Often structure models obtained from RED data are refined against powder X-ray diffraction data for confirmation and better accuracy.
Improving Prospects for Targeting RAS (2015)

RAS mutations are among the most common oncogenic drivers in human cancers, affecting nearly a third of all solid tumors and around a fifth of common myeloid malignancies, but they have evaded therapeutic interventions, despite being the focus of intense research over the last three decades. Recent discoveries lend new understanding about the structure, function, and signaling of RAS and have opened new avenues for development of much needed new therapies. We discuss the various approaches under investigation to target mutant RAS proteins. The recent development of direct RAS inhibitors specific to KRAS G12C mutations represents a landmark discovery that promises to change the perception about RAS's druggability. Multiple clinical trials targeting synthetically lethal partners and/or downstream signaling partners of RAS are underway. Novel inhibitors targeting various arms of RAS processing and signaling have yielded encouraging results in the laboratory, but refinement of the drug-like properties of these molecules is required before they will be ready for the clinic.
Characteristic Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms Related to Quality of Life in Drug-Naïve Patients with Late-Onset Parkinson Disease (2018)

LOPD patients showed different characteristic clinical features, and different symptoms were related with QoL for LOPD than YOPD and MOPD patients.
Fatty Acid Synthase (Fas) Predictive Strength in Poorly Differentiated Early Breast Carcinomas (1999)

FAS is a reliable prognosticator of recurrence in poorly differentiated early breast carcinomas. Association of FAS with PLVI may be useful to plan a correct follow-up in patients with breast neoplasms.
Relationship between core strength and balance ability in high school female handball and basketball players (2011)

Background Although a lot of reports have suggested that the core strength has an important role for the prevention of sports injuries, the relationship between core strength and balance ability is poorly documented. Objective The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between core strength and balance ability. Participants 119 healthy high school female players (age: 15–16 years, handball: 49 players, basketball: 70 players) were participated in this study. Main outcome measurements We measured endurance time of right side-bridge, left side-bridge and frontal-bridge as the core strength test (CST). To assess static balance, we used stabilometer and recorded the circumference area of the single leg standing position of 30 s. For the assessment of dynamic balance, we used star excursion balance test (SEBT). SEBT reach distances and limb lengths were examined, then the distance scores (cm) for each direction of the SEBT grid were averaged over the three trials and normalised to leg length (reach distance/leg length x 100=percentage of leg length). The normalised distances in each direction were then summed for both leg. We divided the players into three groups according to their CST score and compared them with the results of static balance and dynamic balance. Results No significant differences were found in body size among the three groups (p&lt;0.05). The significant difference was not found with the static balance among the CST (p&lt;0.05). In the dynamic balance, the players with good result of CST score had significantly better results of the SEBT in frontal-bridge and left side-bridge (p&lt;0.05). There was no significant difference in right side-bridge. Conclusion This study showed that the core strength had certain relationship to the dynamic balance and may contribute to the prevention of sports injuries.
Iterative equalization for underwater acoustic channels using bit interleaved coded modulation and decision feedback equalization (2009)

An iterative receiver scheme combining decision feedback equalizer (DFE) and bit interleaved coded modulation (BCIM-ID), suitable for transmission over frequency selective channels with large delay spread is proposed, where adaptive equalization and channel decoding are jointly optimized. Extensive simulation results presented for a realistic underwater time varying multipath channel exhibiting multipath delay spread of the order of 10 ms for data rates of 8 kbps, demonstrate that the proposed receiver not only reduces intersymbol interference and error propagation in the DFE, but also provides better bit error rate (BER) performance than the system employing turbo codes.
Relationship of mildly increased albuminuria and coronary artery revascularization outcomes in patients with diabetes (2018)

Mildly increased albuminuria is a significant predictor of all-cause mortality in those with type-II diabetes mellitus and stable coronary artery disease, as well as for cardiovascular events those who are nonwhites.
Nutritional risk index is a better predictor of early mortality than conventional nutritional markers after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A prospective cohort study (2019)

The geriatric nutritional risk index predicts short-term mortality after TAVR and has a higher discriminating ability than other commonly used nutritional variables. It is a simple parameter that identifies those patients who could benefit from pre-procedural nutritional therapy.
Realistic Prediction of BER for Adaptive OFDM Systems (2013)

International audience
Heterologous Overexpression of Poplar SnRK2 Genes Enhanced Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana (2016)

Subfamily 2 of SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK2) plays important roles in plant abiotic stress responses as a global positive regulator of abscisic acid signaling. In the genome of the model tree Populus trichocarpa, 12 SnRK2 genes have been identified, and some are upregulated by abiotic stresses. In this study, we heterologously overexpressed the PtSnRK2 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and found that overexpression of PtSnRK2.5 and PtSnRK2.7 genes enhanced stress tolerance. In the PtSnRK2.5 and PtSnRK2.7 overexpressors, chlorophyll content, and root elongation were maintained under salt stress conditions, leading to higher survival rates under salt stress compared with those in the wild type. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that PtSnRK2.7 overexpression affected stress-related metabolic genes, including lipid metabolism and flavonoid metabolism, even under normal growth conditions. However, the stress response genes reported to be upregulated in Arabidopsis SRK2C/SnRK2.6 and wheat SnRK2.8 overexpressors were not changed by PtSnRK2.7 overexpression. Furthermore, PtSnRK2.7 overexpression widely and largely influenced the transcriptome in response to salt stress; genes related to transport activity, including anion transport-related genes, were characteristically upregulated, and a variety of metabolic genes were specifically downregulated. We also found that the salt stress response genes were greatly upregulated in the PtSnRK2.7 overexpressor. Taken together, poplar subclass 2 PtSnRK2 genes can modulate salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis, through the activation of cellular signaling pathways in a different manner from that by herbal subclass 2 SnRK2 genes.
Dense spectral beam combining with volume Bragg gratings in photo-thermo-refractive glass (2009)

Beam combining techniques have become an important tool in the design of high-power high-brightness laser systems. Spectral beam combining (SBC) is an incoherent combining technique that does not require phase control of sources, allowing for a stable and robust system. Using SBC, beams from an array of lasers with each element operated at a different wavelength are combined into a single near-diffraction-limited beam with the same aperture using dispersive optical elements. SBC by means of volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) utilizes unique spectral response of VBGs: diffraction efficiency is close to unity when the Bragg condition is satisfied and is close to zero at multiple points corresponding to particular wavelength offsets from Bragg condition. High-efficiency VBGs can be recorded in UV-sensitive photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass. Narrow-band reflecting VBGs allow multi-channel SBC with high spectral density of channels. In this dissertation, experimental results of SBC with high spectral density of combined channels in two spectral regions of interest (1064 and 1550 nm) are reported. The behavior of narrow-band VBGs under high-power laser radiation is investigated. A laser system with kW-
Identification and Characterization of an Aβ Oligomer Precipitating Peptide That May Be Useful to Explore Gene Therapeutic Approaches to Alzheimer Disease (2012)

A key feature of Alzheimer disease (AD) is the pathologic self-association of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, leading to the formation of diffusible toxic Aβ oligomers and extracellular amyloid plaques. Next to extracellular Aβ, intraneuronal Aβ has important pathological functions in AD. Agents that specifically interfere with the oligomerization processes either outside or inside of neurons are highly desired for the elucidation of the pathologic mechanisms of AD and might even pave the way for new AD gene therapeutic approaches. Here, we characterize the Aβ binding peptide L3 and its influence on Aβ oligomerization in vitro. Preliminary studies in cell culture demonstrate that stably expressed L3 reduces cell toxicity of externally added Aβ in neuroblastoma cells.
Analysis of Mutations in Alpha-Actinin 4 and Podocin Genes of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Due to Sporadic Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (2003)

Although the pathogenesis of idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) may be heterogeneous, autosomal dominant and recessive forms of FSGS are recognized. Recently, mutations in alpha-actinin 4 (ACTN4) and podocin genes were reported in patients with such familial FSGS. However, whether mutations in ACTN4 and podocin genes are associated with sporadic FSGS has not been determined. In the present study, we clarified the relation between mutations in ACTN4 and podocin genes and sporadic FSGS. We analyzed these reported mutations in ACTN4 and podocin in five patients with chronic renal failure due to therapy-resistant FSGS by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction products of ACTN4 and podocin. We found a C to T transition at nucleotide 465 in the ACTN4 gene in all of patients, and a T to C transition at nucleotide 954 in exon eight of podocin gene in two of five patients, resulting in no amino acid substitutions. Other mutations were not found in ACTN4 and podocin genes. Our findings suggest that sporadic FSGS is a heterogeneous disease, since ACTN4 and podocin genes are not found in our patients with sporadic FSGS.
THE EFFECT OF LOW MELTING POINT IMPURITIES ON THE PROPERTIES OF Al-Li ALLOYS (1987)

The effect of low melting point impurities, such as sodium and potassium, on the properties and microstructure of Al-Li alloys has been investigated. These impurities have been shown to occur as discret lenticular particles along grain boundaries. In underaged and peak-aged conditions, the impurity particles are liquid and the toughness and ductility of alloys in this condition were found to be improved by lowering the test temperature below the freezing point of the impurity. In the overaged condition, the sodium and potassium occur as a solid phase and materials in this condition were found to follow the pattern of most aluminum alloys and show a decrease in Charpy impact toughness as the testing temperature was lowered. The addition of sodium and potassium to Al-Li alloys reduced toughness and ductility at room temperature in the range of compositions investigated (up to 476 ppm Na and up to 23 ppm K). Low melting point impurities were found to have little effect on the toughness or ductility of high purity aluminum.
Pitfalls in poststack data conditioning: Distinguishing enhanced geology from enhanced artifacts (2016)

Poststack data conditioning is critical to many, if not most interpretation workflows, particularly when working with legacy, low-fold seismic data volumes. The two most common data conditioning processes are structure-oriented filtering and spectral balancing. By construction, filters change the original data. Depending on the algorithm assumptions and input data statistics, such conditioning can enhance subtle geologic features and suppress noise, or increase subtle noise and suppress geology. Although not professional processors, the interpreter’s task and the objective of this paper is to differentiate between these two outcomes based on their understanding of the filter construction and the geology they wish to enhance. We demonstrate these concepts through application of poststack data conditioning to a legacy survey acquired over the Taranaki Basin, NZ. Presentation Date: Wednesday, October 19, 2016 Start Time: 8:25:00 AM Location: 170/172 Presentation Type: ORAL
Shrinkage Control in Fibre Reinforced Polymers III: Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyesters with Expanding Monomers and Low Profile Additives (1995)

Copolymers of polyester were made with two spiro orthocarbonates: cyclohexane and cyclohexene. They were also used to make unidirectional carbon fibre composites, and the properties of polymers and composites were compared with those made with a low profile additive (a copolymer of methyl and allyl methacrylates). The copolymers were not effective in reducing the shrinkage stress of the resin, except through a reduction in glass transition temperature. They gave composites with poor properties. The low profile additive was effective in reducing the shrinkage volume, but at the cost of a reduction in tensile strength. It did not affect the shrinkage stress very much, and did not have much effect on composite properties. Thus, while it is advantageous to use low profile additives with reinforced polyesters, it is not beneficial to use spiro orthocarbonate expanding monomers. Overall, the three papers in this series strongly suggest that, while controlling shrinkage stress may well be useful, it cannot be realized to any useful extent by using expanding monomers.
Almost Uniform Distributions for Computer Image Enhancement (1974)

The use of a gray level transformation which transforms a given empirical distribution function of gray level values in an image into a uniform distribution has been used as an image enhancement as well as for a normalization procedure. This transformation produces a discrete variable whose empirical distribution might be expected to be approximately uniform since it is related to the well known distribution transformation. In this correspondence, an extension of the theorem is given which shows that the theorem "almost" holds for an "almost" continuous input distribution. The application of the discrete distribution transformation to computer image enhancement is considered.
Messenger RNA in Early Sea-Urchin Embryos: Cytoplasmic Particles (1965)

Three structures containing messenger RNA can be demonstrated in the cytoplasm of early sea-urchin embryos: (i) particles that sediment more slowly than ribosomes and contain newly synthesized DNA-like RNA, (ii) light polyribosomes, which also contain this newly synthesized RNA, and (iii) heavy polyribosomes, which seemingly contain only already existing or "maternal" messenger RNA and account for the bulk of the synthesis of protein.
Shape-based recognition of wiry objects (2004)

We present an approach to the recognition of complex-shaped objects in cluttered environments based on edge information. We first use example images of a target object in typical environments to train a classifier cascade that determines whether edge pixels in an image belong to an instance of the desired object or the clutter. Presented with a novel image, we use the cascade to discard clutter edge pixels and group the object edge pixels into overall detections of the object. The features used for the edge pixel classification are localized, sparse edge density operations. Experiments validate the effectiveness of the technique for recognition of a set of complex objects in a variety of cluttered indoor scenes under arbitrary out-of-image-plane rotation. Furthermore, our experiments suggest that the technique is robust to variations between training and testing environments and is efficient at runtime.