gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensing applications for POF and hybrid fibres using a photon counting OTDR (2007)

The concept of distributed pH measurement was demonstrated at a sensitized region 4 m from the distal end of a 20 m length of plastic optical fibre. The cladding was removed from the fibre over 150 mm and the bare core was exposed to an aqueous solution of methyl red at three values of pH, between 2.89 and 9.70. The optical fibre was interrogated at 648 nm using a Luciol photon counting optical time domain reflectometer, showing the sensing region was attenuated as a function of pH. Least-squares analysis of the traces yielded the linear equation Y ≤ -1.35 pH + 11.4 with a correlation coefficient of -0.96 indicating a high degree of correlation, permitting pH measurement to an estimated 1.0 pH at the sensing region. Chemical sensing measurements by photon counting OTDR using a standard PCS fibre in aqueous (0.0010 M) and ethanolic (0.000 65 M) solutions of methyl red at 657 nm are also presented. The ingress of methyl red in ethanol was detectable after 2 h and showed reversibility to the pre-doped condition in under 7 min. A case for a silicone resin clad PMMA core hybrid optical fibre as a chemical or pH sensor is presented. © 2007 IOP Publishing Ltd.
A Local Improvement Heuristic for the Design of Less-than-Truckload Motor Carrier Networks (1986)

The load planning problem for less-than-truckload motor carriers is formulated as a fixed charge network design problem where level of service constraints are represented heuristically through a set of minimum frequencies on links. If direct service is offered between two terminals, it is required to do so at a given minimum frequency, implying not only a fixed charge from adding direct service but also a link cost function that is then flat until the flow on the link exceeds the minimum frequency. A local improvement heuristic is proposed which adds and drops links to and from the network in an intelligent sequence. After each change, the routing of the freight over the network is approximately reoptimized. Empty balancing of equipment is also handled explicitly. The approach has been applied successfully to a network with over 300 terminals; numerical tests on a 140 terminal network are reported.
Copper complexes in radical photoinitiating systems: applications to free radical and cationic polymerization under visible lights (2014)

International audience
Appendix B: Charging for Integrated Prepaid VoIP and Messaging Services (2008)

This appendix contains sections titled: Prepaid Application Server of SIP-based Services Charging Integration for Prepaid Calls and Instant Messaging Performance for the PAS Charging Policy Concluding Remarks Notation References
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE OREGON ISOLATE OFNEOSPORA HUGHESIFROM A HORSE (2001)

Neospora hughesi was isolated in cell cultures inoculated with homogenate of spinal cord from a horse in Oregon. Tachyzoites of this Oregon isolate of N. hughesi were maintained continuously by cell culture passage and tachyzoites were infective to immunosuppressed mice. Gamma interferon gene knockout (KO) mice injected with tachyzoites developed fatal myocarditis and numerous tachyzoites were seen in lesions. Gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) inoculated with tachyzoites developed antibodies (> or = 1:500) as indicated by the Neospora caninum agglutination test but did not develop clinical signs, and Neospora organisms were not demonstrable in their tissues. Tissue cysts were not found in gerbils, nude mice, KO mice, immunosuppressed outbred Swiss Webster mice, or BALB/c mice injected with the Oregon isolate of N. hughesi. Ultrastructurally, tachyzoites of the Oregon isolate from the myocardium of infected KO mice and from cell culture were similar to N. caninum tachyzoites. Western blot analysis using NcSAG1 and NcSRS2 polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies and characterization of the internal transcribed spacer 1 sequences from the equine isolates and different isolates of N. caninum from dogs and cattle indicated that the Oregon isolate of N. hughesi is distinct from N. caninum isolates from cattle and dogs.
D-Grasp: Physically Plausible Dynamic Grasp Synthesis for Hand-Object Interactions (2021)

We introduce the dynamic grasp synthesis task: given an object with a known 6D pose and a grasp reference, our goal is to generate motions that move the object to a target 6D pose. This is challenging, because it requires reasoning about the complex articulation of the human hand and the intricate physical interaction with the object. We propose a novel method that frames this problem in the reinforcement learning framework and leverages a physics simulation, both to learn and to evaluate such dynamic interactions. A hierarchical approach decomposes the task into low-level grasping and high-level motion synthesis. It can be used to generate novel hand sequences that approach, grasp, and move an object to a desired location, while retaining human-likeness. We show that our approach leads to stable grasps and generates a wide range of motions. Furthermore, even imperfect labels can be corrected by our method to generate dynamic interaction sequences.
Covariance and contravariance (1995)

In type-theoretic research on object-oriented programming, the issue of “covariance versus contravariance” is a topic of continuing debate. In this short note we argue that covariance and contravariance appropriately characterize two distinct and independent mechanisms. The so-called contravariance rule correctly captures the subtyping relation (that relation which establishes which sets of functions can replace another given set in every context ). A covariant relation, instead, characterizes the specialization of code (i.e., the definition of new code which replaces old definitions in some particular cases ). Therefore, covariance and contravariance are not opposing views, but distinct concepts that each have their place in object-oriented systems. Both can (and should) be integrated in a type-safe manner in object-oriented languages. We also show that the independence of the two mechanisms is not characteristic of a particular model but is valid in general, since covariant specialization is present in record-based models, although it is hidden by a deficiency of all existing calculi that realize this model. As an aside, we show that the λ&amp;-calculus can be taken as the basic calculus for both an overloading-based and a record-based model. Using this approach, one not only obtains a more uniform vision of object-oriented type theories, but in the case of the record-based approach, one also gains multiple dispatching, a feature that existing record-based models do not capture
Engineering microalgae: transition from empirical design to programmable cells (2021)

Domesticated microalgae hold great promise for the sustainable provision of various bioresources for human domestic and industrial consumption. Efforts to exploit their potential are far from being fully realized due to limitations in the know-how of microalgal engineering. The associated technologies are not as well developed as those for heterotrophic microbes, cyanobacteria, and plants. However, recent studies on microalgal metabolic engineering, genome editing, and synthetic biology have immensely helped to enhance transformation efficiencies and are bringing new insights into this field. Therefore, this article, summarizes recent developments in microalgal biotechnology and examines the prospects for generating specialty and commodity products through the processes of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. After a brief examination of empirical engineering methods and vector design, this article focuses on quantitative transformation cassette design, elaborates on target editing methods and emerging digital design of algal cellular metabolism to arrive at high yields of valuable products. These advances have enabled a transition of manners in microalgal engineering from single-gene and enzyme-based metabolic engineering to systems-level precision engineering, from cells created with genetically modified (GM) tags to that without GM tags, and ultimately from proof of concept to tangible industrial applications. Finally, future trends are proposed in microalgal engineering, aiming to establish individualized transformation systems in newly identified species for strain-specific specialty and commodity products, while developing sophisticated universal toolkits in model algal species.
The Morpheme: A Theoretical Introduction (2015)

This book develops a theory of the morpheme in the framework of Distributed Morphology. Particular emphasis is devoted to the way in which functional morphemes receive their phonological form post-syntactically, through the operation of Vocabulary Insertion. In addition to looking closely at syncretism, the primary motivation for Vocabulary Insertion, the book examines allomorphy, blocking, and other key topics in the theory of the morpheme.
Lenalidomide (Revlimid™), Adriamycin and Dexamethasone Chemotherapy (RAD) Is Safe and Effective in Treatment of Relapsed Multiple Myeloma - First Results of a German Multicenter Phase I/II Trial. (2006)

Abstract A more widespread use of thalidomide (Thal) in patients (pts) with relapsed multiple myeloma has been prevented by its considerable neurotoxicity. The immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) form a new class of Thal successors aiming at reduced toxicity with reliable anti-tumour effect. Recently, lenalidomide (CC-5013; Revlimid™) was the first IMiD to be approved by the FDA for treatment of both MDS and multiple myeloma. Several trials in pts with advanced myeloma demonstrated lenalidomide (alone or in combination with dexamethasone) to induce significant and durable response. We sought to establish a protocol with superior efficacy and decided to add lenalidomide (R) to adriamycin (A)/dexamethasone (D; RAD). A dose escalation study was set up to include pts after a maximum of 3 previous treatment lines. They had to have measurable disease and adequate organ and bone marrow function. No dose limiting toxicity occurred until two cases of non-febrile neutropenia were seen with R 15 mg, day 1–21; A 9 mg/m2 for days 1–4 as a continuous infusion; and D 40 mg, days 1–4, and 17–20. The protocol was amended for G-CSF support (Pegfilgrastim [Neulasta™] 6mg, day 6) resulting in an uneventful course in all pts treated subsequently at the two highest dose levels. Surprisingly, maximum tolerated dose of lenalidomide in combination with A and D as described before was 25 mg day 1–21, thus being the daily dose from the monotherapy trials. Up to now, 41 subjects have been enrolled, 37 of whom had received autologous and five additional allogeneic stem cell transplants. 31 pts are currently evaluable for response and toxicity: 26 pts achieved reduction of paraprotein levels of at least 50% for a response rate of 84 % including one confirmed CR and 14 PRs according to the EBMT criteria (Bladé et al). An additional three pts had SD while two progressed. Notably, eight of ten pts who displayed del (13) on cytogenetic analysis responded up to now, including six confirmed PRs. One patient each experienced acute renal failure due to emesis and hypovolemia, pneumocystis pneumonitis, and catheter related infection. All subjects recovered without sequelae. Neither somnolence nor constipation, thromboembolism or neuropathy occurred. We conclude that RAD induces substantial remission with an acceptable toxicity profile and thus significantly contributes to the therapeutic armamentarium even in heavily pretreated myeloma pts.
Improving graph based multidocument text summarization using an enhanced sentence similarity measure (2015)

Multi document summarization is a process to produce a single summary from a set of related documents collected from heterogeneous sources. Since the documents may contain redundant information, the performance of a multi document summarization system heavily depends on the sentence similarity measure used for removing redundant sentences from the summary. For graph based multi document summarization where existence of an edge between a pair of sentences is determined based on how much two sentences are similar to each other, the sentence similarity measure also plays an important role. This paper presents an enhanced method for computing sentence similarity aiming for improving multidocument summarization performance. Experiments using two different datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed sentence similarity measure in improving the performance of a graph based multidocument summarization system.
Guest Editorial (2013)

This special issue presents a wide variety of papers related to phased arrays covering both the component advances (GaN, SiGe, and CMOS chips) and system-level advances (digital beamforming).
Molecular mechanisms of ethylene regulation of gene transcription (1997)

Ethylene‐regulated gene transcription has been studied in the context of plant defense, carnation flower petal senescence, and tomato fruit ripening. This review summarizes what is known about the molecular mechanisms of this process. Activation of plant defense genes in response to ethylene involves a promoter element called the GCC box, which interacts with ethylene‐responsive element‐binding proteins (EREBPs). Genes expressed in response to ethylene during petal senescence and fruit ripening use different promoter elements. For fruit ripening genes, two cooperative promoter elements are required for ethylene‐responsive transcription. DNA‐binding proteins of carnation and tomato that interact with ethylene‐responsive promoter elements have been studied, and in some cases cDNAs encoding such proteins have been isolated. The immediate goal of this work is to determine which DNA‐binding proteins are involved in mediating ethylene‐responsive gene transcription, and how they interact with other components of the ethylene signaling pathway. This work will lead to a more complete understanding of ethylene signal transduction.
Micro-Anatomy Imager (2013)

The Micro-Anatomy Imager provides noncontact visualization of tissue cell structure and organization to detect abnormal changes associated with the presence of disease such as cancer. For the first time, visualization of the structure and function of live cells at the tissue level is possible (Figures 1 and 2). Images can be acquired without any need for prior preparation of the tissue or use of contrast agents. The technology can be used to rapidly evaluate excised tissue specimens of patients during surgery to determine if, for example, all cancer has been removed. The instrument addresses current limitations in histological examination of tissue specimens obtained during surgery to help advance patient care and reduce healthcare costs. The technology is simple and inexpensive. This technology can also be used in experimental in vivo animal research, to enhance education in biology and, in future implementation, as an imaging modality that can visualize cancer lesions in real time to guide surgery.
NICE: Noise Injection and Clamping Estimation for Neural Network Quantization (2021)

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are very popular in many fields including computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, etc. Though deep learning leads to groundbreaking performance in those domains, the networks used are very computationally demanding and are far from being able to perform in real-time applications even on a GPU, which is not power efficient and therefore does not suit low power systems such as mobile devices. To overcome this challenge, some solutions have been proposed for quantizing the weights and activations of these networks, which accelerate the runtime significantly. Yet, this acceleration comes at the cost of a larger error unless spatial adjustments are carried out. The method proposed in this work trains quantized neural networks by noise injection and a learned clamping, which improve accuracy. This leads to state-of-the-art results on various regression and classification tasks, e.g., ImageNet classification with architectures such as ResNet-18/34/50 with as low as 3 bit weights and activations. We implement the proposed solution on an FPGA to demonstrate its applicability for low-power real-time applications. The quantization code will become publicly available upon acceptance.
Endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (2002)

Glaucoma surgery can be classified as either cyclodestructive (reducing inflow) or filtering (increasing outflow). Filtration has traditionally been the procedure of first resort because of its efficacy and relative predictability, whereas ciliary destruction has been reserved for more refractory cases of glaucoma and in eyes which have little or no visual potential. Refractory glaucomas include neovascular glaucoma, post-traumatic glaucoma, glaucoma associated with aphakia, severe congenital/developmental glaucoma, post-retinal surgery glaucoma, glaucoma associated with penetrating keratoplasties, and glaucoma in eyes with scarred conjunctiva from surgery or disease processes.
Excitación de Modos Multipolares en Cristales Fotónicos Bidimensionales (2011)

En este trabajo se presenta un estudio detallado de las formas posibles de excitacion de modos multipolares en una cavidad, producida por el aumento del radio de un poste dielectrico en cristales fotonicos bidimensionales de red cuadrada y triangular. Para este fin se calculan las resonancias y perfiles de campo del sistema, con el proposito de excitar modos multipolares en funcion de la posicion, ancho de banda y frecuencia de una fuente de radiacion electromagnetica en su interior. Finalmente, se explora un caso de comportamiento colectivo entre modos monopolares y dipolares en dos cavidades acopladas. In this article we present a detailed study of multiple ways of exciting multipolar modes in a cavity by increasing the radius of a dielectric post in 2D photonic crystals (triangular and square cases). In order to do this, we calculate resonances and field profiles of the system, with the goal of exciting multipolar modes as a function of position, bandwidth and frequency of an electromagnetic source that is inside. Finally, we explore a special case of colective behavior between monopolar and dipolar modes for coupled cavities.
Microwave Imaging of the Breast (2005)

Microwave imaging for medical applications has been of interest for many years. Recently, microwave imaging for breast cancer detection has gained attention due to advances in imaging algorithms, microwave hardware and computational power. The breast is relatively translucent to microwaves, accessible for imaging, and there appears to be a significant electromagnetic property contrast between tumors and healthy tissues. Therefore, breast imaging may be the first clinically viable application of microwave imaging. This paper reviews recent developments in passive, hybrid, and active approaches to microwave breast cancer detection.
Photodimerization of Thymine Derivatives in Single Crystal. (1998)

having long alkyl chain showed a very high photoreactivity in a single crystal and gave only one isomer of photodimer while the photodimerization in solution gave the four isomers. The crystal structure determined by X-ray diffraction method suggested the formation of the traps-syn or cis-anti photodimer.
Required usage of supplementary cementitious materials in concrete (2010)

Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) has resulted in hundreds of millions of dollars of replacement costs in airfield concrete pavements alone, and prompted research into the development of prevention measures. In particular, the use of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) as cement replacement in concrete has proven effective. These SCMs are often recycled materials, reducing upfront costs and resulting in reduced carbon dioxide emissions, in addition to enhanced concrete durability (and reduced maintenance costs). Specifications using complex decision trees have been developed to establish the need for SCM usage. A simpler approach consists of simply prescribing minimum amounts of cement replacement with the chosen SCM. If the aggregates show no significant ASR potential, a minimum replacement amount is still chosen to insure low concrete permeability and high durability, recycling of SCMs, and to provide a safety margin against ASR in case the aggregates reactivity varies. If the aggregates are reactive, these minimum values are increased to insure that ASR is prevented. These concepts are being extended to all unified facilities criteria and guide specifications dealing with concrete. This paper summarizes the current specifications and their development.
Enhanced diagnosis of hand and wrist disorders by triple phase radionuclide bone imaging. (1984)

Triple phase radionuclide bone imaging (TPI), a diagnostic study, consists of a blood flow evaluation by means of an intravenous bolus injection of radionuclide tracer and rapid sequential images which show the arterial pattern; an immediate static image reflecting the pooling of activity in the soft tissues; and delayed static images taken about one hour later which reflect bone localization of the radiotracer. TPI is not specific for a particular condition, but it will confirm or rule out the presence of disease.
Composite metal membranes for hydrogen separation applications (1997)

A novel multilayer metal membrane has been developed that can be used for the separation of hydrogen from feed streams with near perfect selectivity. The membrane is comprised of very thin layers of fully dense palladium film deposited on both sides of a thin Group V metal foil, ion-milled prior to sputtering of the palladium. Palladium loading are kept low using the thin film deposition technology: 0.0012 grams of palladium per square centimeter of membrane is typically used, although thinner coatings have been employed. This membrane operates at temperatures on the order of 300 C and is capable of high rates of hydrogen flow. Flows are dependent on the pressure differential applied to the membrane, but flows of 105 sccm/cm{sup 2} and higher are regularly observed with differentials below one atmosphere. Long term testing of the membrane for a period in excess of 775 hours under constant conditions showed stable flows and an 85% hydrogen recovery efficiency. A system has been successfully applied to the hydrogen handling system of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and was tested using a pseudo-reformate feed stream without any degradation in performance.
The Immune Response of Mice Vaccinated with Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine, CJ50003 Produced in Vero Cells (1999)

In this study, to evaluate newly developed Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine candidate CJ50003, we assessed its immunogenicity along with a previously commercialized inactivated JE Biken vaccine. The CR0003 viral antigens produced in Vero cells were administered suhcutaneouly to mice either with alum-adjuvanled or free form. The ELISA titers and neutralizing (NEUV antibody titers accounting for major protective immunity in JE were determined. Mice given alum-adjuvanted vaccine had a 10 times higher antigen-specific NEUT antibody response than did those which {lad received free antigens. This NEUT antibody response was maintained until day 168 with NEUT titer more than 1:160. Even with the 0.5 ng of alum-adjuvanted antigen dose, NEUT titer was induced more than 1:10 which is considered as an evidence for seroconversion and protection. Thc mice immune sera had a similar rate of cross-reactivity against three different viral antigens, Nakayama-NlH, P3 and SA14; as determined by ELISA assay. In a mice challenge model, vaccination with the GI50003 conferred more protection than with commercialized Biken vaccine against Nakayama virus. These data demonstrated that CJ50003 vaccine candidate has an excellent prophylactic efficacy and implicated it has a strong potential for further development and commercialization.