gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ABI-1, a Human Homolog to Mouse Abl-Interactor 1, Fuses theMLL Gene in Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(10;11)(p11.2;q23) (1998)

Recurrent translocation t(10;11) has been reported to be associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recently, two types of chimeric transcripts, MLL-AF10 in t(10;11)(p12;q23) and CALM-AF10 in t(10;11)(p13;q14), were isolated. t(10;11) is strongly associated with complex translocations, including invins(10;11) and inv(11)t(10;11), because the direction of transcription of AF10 is telomere to centromere. We analyzed a patient of AML with t(10;11)(p11.2;q23) and identified ABI-1 on chromosome 10p11.2, a human homolog to mouse Abl-interactor 1 (Abi-1), fused with MLL. Whereas the ABI-1 gene bears no homology with the partner genes of MLL previously described, the ABI-1 protein exhibits sequence similarity to protein of homeotic genes, contains several polyproline stretches, and includes a src homology 3 (SH3) domain at the C-terminus that is required for binding to Abl proteins in mouse Abi-1 protein. Recently, e3B1, an eps8 SH3 binding protein 1, was also isolated as a human homolog to mouse Abi-1. Three types of transcripts of ABI-1 gene were expressed in normal peripheral blood. Although e3B1 was considered to be a full-length ABI-1, the MLL-ABI-1 fusion transcript in this patient was formed by an alternatively spliced ABI-1. Others have shown that mouse Abi-1 suppresses v-ABL transforming activity and that e3B1, full-length ABI-1, regulates cell growth. In-frame MLL-ABI-1 fusion transcripts combine the MLL AT-hook motifs and DNA methyltransferase homology region with the homeodomain homologous region, polyproline stretches, and SH3 domain of alternatively spliced transcript of ABI-1. Our results suggest that the ABI-1 gene plays a role in leukemogenesis by translocating to MLL.
Knockdown of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α by siRNA inhibits C2C12 myoblast differentiation (2006)

We analyzed the role of Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha in myoblast differentiation by examining the expression and regulation of HIF-1alpha in proliferating and differentiating C2C12 myoblast, and by knocking down HIF-1alpha of C2C12 myoblasts with small interfering RNA (siRNA), given that HIF-1alpha has been shown to be involved in differentiative process in non-muscle tissues. Although HIF-1alpha mRNA was constantly expressed in C2C12 myoblasts both under growth and differentiating phase, HIF-1alpha protein was hardly detectable in the growth phase but became detectable only during myogenic differentiation even under normoxia. During early stage of C2C12 myogenesis, HIF-1alpha accumulated in the nuclei of myogenin-positive myoblasts. The inhibition of proteasome in the growth phase led to HIF-1alpha protein accumulation, whereas in the differentiation phase the inhibition of Hsp90, which stabilizes HIF-1alpha, suppressed HIF-1alpha accumulation. Therefore, we suggest that the level of HIF-1alpha protein expression is regulated by a proteasome-and chaperon-dependent pathway in C2C12 myoblast. Knockdown of HIF-1alpha effectively blocked myotube formation and myosin heavy chain (MHC) expression. Finally, HIF-1alpha expression in vivo was confirmed in the regenerative muscle tissue of mice after eccentric exercise. We conclude that HIF-1alpha is required for C2C12 myogenesis in vitro, and suggest that HIF-1alpha may have an essential role in regenerative muscle tissue in vivo.
Patent Document Retrieval and Classification at KAIST (2005)

In this paper, we propose a method to retrieve similar patent documents for a given patent and classify a given patent. We focus on the one of patents’ characteristics: “patents are structuralized by claims, purposes, effects, embodiments of the invention and so on.” In order to retrieve similar documents from target document set, some specific components to denote the so-called ‘semantic elements’ such as “claim”, “purpose” and “application field” are compared instead of the whole texts. Keyword: Patent Retrieval, Patent Classification, Structural Information, kNN, MEM, Hierarchical Classification
Sensitivity of F-106B Leading-Edge-Vortex Images to Flight and Vapor-Screen Parameters (1988)

A flight test was undertaken at NASA Langley Research Center with vapor-screen and image-enhancement techniques to obtain qualitative and quantitative information about near-field vortex flows above the wings of fighter aircraft. In particular, the effects of Reynolds and Mach numbers on the vortex system over an angle-of-attack range were sought. The relevance of these flows stems from their present and future use at many points in the flight envelope, especially during transonic maneuvers. The aircraft used in this flight program was the F-106B because it was available and had sufficient wing sweep (60 deg) to generate a significant leading-edge vortex system. The sensitivity of the visual results to vapor screen hardware and to onset flow changes is discussed.
[Contrast echocardiography of the left heart by intravenous injection of perfluorochemical emulsion]. (1983)

We evaluated a new method of contrast echocardiography of the left heart utilizing the intravenous injection of perfluorochemical emulsion (PFC emulsion: Fluosol-DA 20 W/V%: Green Cross Corp), which was prepared as artificial blood. Observations were made in 18 open-chest dogs. To assess the possibility of detection of mitral valve regurgitation and myocardial perfusion by this method, a small series of experiments were made. Results were as follows: Following the appearance of contrast echoes in the right heart after the injection of PFC emulsion (10 ml) into the inferior vena cava, the left heart contrast echo images were clearly obtained in 16 of the 18 dogs, and they were visible but weak in the remainder 2. The solution of surfactants (Pluronic F-68, yolk phospholipids, and glycerol), which were added to Fluosol-DA, was also used as contrast agent in 6 dogs. The left heart was also opacified by contrast echoes after intravenous injections. However, the density of the left heart contrast echoes appeared lower, as compared with that after the injection of PFC emulsion. When oxygen (95%) was mixed in PFC emulsion or inhaled through the intratracheal tube, the left heart contrast images were slightly enhanced. In 4 of 6 dogs with surgically created mitral valve regurgitation, systolic contrast echoes in the left atrial cavity were detected on the M-mode echograms after the intravenous injection of PFC emulsion (15 ml). These echoes appeared to move across the mitral valve from the left ventricle to the left atrium or away from the mitral valve in the left atrium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Highly Absorbent Antibacterial and Biofilm-Disrupting Hydrogels from Cellulose for Wound Dressing Applications (2020)

In this study, a carboxyl-modified cellulosic hydrogel was developed as the base material for wound dressings. ε-poly-l-lysine, a natural polyamide, was then covalently linked to the hydrogel through a bioconjugation reaction, which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The antibacterial efficacy of the hydrogel was tested against two model bacteria, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, two of the most commonly found bacteria in wound infections. Bacterial viability and biofilm formation after exposure of bacteria to the hydrogels were used as efficacy indicators. Live/Dead assay was used to measure the number of compromised bacteria using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The results show that the antibacterial hydrogel was able to kill approximately 99% of the exposed bacteria after 3 h of exposure. In addition, NIH/3T3 fibroblasts were used to study the biocompatibility of the developed hydrogels. Water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST)-1 assay was used to measure the metabolic activity of the cells and Live/Dead assay was used to measure the viability of the cells after 24, 48, and 72 h. The developed antibacterial hydrogels are light weight, have a high water-uptake capacity, and show high biocompatibility with the model mammalian cells, which make them a promising candidate to be used for wound dressing applications.
Supplemental Figure S1 from The Impact of Macrophage- and Microglia-Secreted TNFα on Oncolytic HSV-1 Therapy in the Glioblastoma Tumor Microenvironment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S1. Percoll gradient isolated CD11b+CD45hi cells are predominantly infiltrating macrophages&lt;/p&gt;
Dynamically reconfigurable regular expression matching architecture (2008)

Regular Expressions are generic representations for a string or a collection of strings. This paper focuses on implementation of a regular expression matching architecture on reconfigurable fabric like FPGA. We present a Non-deterministic Finite Automata based implementation with extended regular expression syntax set compared to previous approaches. We also describe a dynamically reconfigurable generic block that implements the supported regular expression syntax. This enables formation of the regular expression hardware by a simple cascade of generic blocks as well as a possibility for reconfiguring the generic blocks to change the regular expression being matched. Further, we have developed an HDL code generator to obtain the VHDL description of the hardware for any regular expression set. Our optimized regular expression engine achieves a throughput of 2.45 Gbps. Our dynamically reconfigurable regular expression engine achieves a throughput of 0.8 Gbps using 12 FPGA slices per generic block on Xilinx Virtex2Pro FPGA.
HIGH FREQUENCY HYDRODYNAMIC DAMPING OF A TLP LEG (1991)

A tension leg platform experience a second-order springing in its tendons which is amplified due to the presence of low hydrodynamic damping at high frequencies. Thus, the knowledge of hydrodynamic damping has a significant impact on the determination of the TLP tendon loads. Not much is known about the heave damping characteristics of a TLP. In this study, the hydrodynamic coefficients of a floating moored vertical cylinder representing the column of a TLP were determined experimentally. Model tests were performed on a cylinder with 2.5 ft. diameter and 4 ft. draft. Linear springs were used to moor the cylinder vertically. The tests were conducted in still water. A wide range of frequencies was tested. These results supersedes the earlier reported data in still water which were contaminated with externally imposed damping. The heave damping was found to be essentially linear with a mean value ranging from 0.3 to 1 percent of critical damping. Despite the limitation of the model scale, this quantitative information on damping is expected to be valuable to the TLP design community.
Cation Distributions and Magnetic Properties of Ferrispinel MgFeMnO4 (2020)

The research deals with spinel compounds MgFeMnO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, which is known as a cathode material of magnesium battery. It exhibits a cationic disordering in cubic spinel structure and ferrimagnetism at room-temperature. The experimental data is acquired using a combination of magnetization, Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements, powder diffractions and muon spin rotation, relaxation and resonance (μ&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;SR) techniques. &lt;br&gt;
Isolation of Protonated Arenes (Wheland Intermediates) with BArF and Carborane Anions. A Novel Crystalline Superacid (1999)

Protonated arenes are widely accepted intermediates in electrophilic aromatic substitution chemistry.1 Known as Wheland intermediates, but more correctly ascribed to Pfeiffer and Wizinger,2,3 they have been characterized by isolation and spectroscopy at low temperatures in superacid media.4,5 However, obtaining an X-ray crystal structure of a protonated arene salt is an unrealized experimental challenge,5 and thermal instability has prevented their development as useful reagents. In this paper, we show how modern anions lead to readily crystallized salts of remarkable thermal stability. The salt of protonated benzene is a crystalline superacid with distinct advantages over existing superacid media.
Contention under Heavy Traffic Load in a 224x224 Wavelength-Routing OXC Made of Smaller Clustered Sub-OXCs (2022)

By assessing the internal contention under very high traffic load in a clustered wavelength-routing optical cross-connect enabling 224x224 degree of connectivity, this study draws conclusions notably different from related prior arts. It also highlights why such a clustering might not suit most of the meshed transparent WDM networks.
Maintenance of the Patency of Indwelling Central Venous Catheters (1991)

The use of indwelling central venous catheters for the ambulatory management of children with cancer has been well described. There remains uncertainty as to the best method for maintaining the patency of these catheters. The standard approach at our institution is to flush the catheter twice daily with a solution containing heparin. This is both costly and inconvenient for most families. We describe a randomized cross-over study designed to compare the standard approach to a less intense program using an isotonic saline flush once a week. Evaluation continued for approximately 1,515 days in each study arm. The catheters were monitored for blockage, clot formation, and infection. One catheter blocked in a patient receiving the experimental method of care. Two episodes of thrombus formation were demonstrated at the end of the study (one in each of the study arms). The incidence of infection, while in keeping with our overall experience, was higher in the experimental arm. This led to a subsequent study, reported separately in this symposium. The results indicate that there is no significant difference, in the incidence of blocked catheters or other complications, between the two forms of care.
Handbook of Regional Anesthesia (1986)

Handbook of regional anesthesia , Handbook of regional anesthesia , کتابخانه دیجیتالی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی شهید بهشتی
Spirometallodendrimers: terpyridine-based intramacromolecular cyclization upon complexation (2002)

The first examples of metallodendritic spiranes have been obtained via incorporation of single terpyridine units within each dendritic quadrant.
Letter (1994)

Dear Editor I am a staff nurse on a paediatric unit in a district general hospital. We are currently looking into introducing primary nursing and would like to hear from any other paediatric units who are using primary nursing or have tried to implement it but have found it unsuccessful.
Non-Solid Explosives for Shaped Charges. Part III. Metal Liner Devices Used in Explosive Ordnance Disposal Operations (2009)

Disposal of time-expired and unexploded ordnance has proved problematical in the past because of the procedures adopted; i.e., attach an explosive charge and cause the munition to function or long-range projectile attack. Improvements used explosively driven metallic liners to impact on the munition but detonation occurred with the standard plastic explosive fillings. If the munition can be persuaded to burn or at worst deflagrate, then the region of collateral damage could be reduced, even though the extended detonation safety zone would still be required. This article describes some work performed on the initiation of munitions ranging from simulated mortar shells, filled with plastic explosive PE4, via NATO standard 81-mm mortar shells to 1000-lb (450-kg) bombs by either copper cone or dish liners devices filled with various sensitized nitromethane formulations. Most of these formulations initiated deflagrations in the attacked munitions. Detonations resulted in some cases when plastic explosive, PE 4, or chemically (DETA) sensitized NM was used as the device filling. The results were analyzed in terms of the critical rate of energy delivery. Both heat dose and blast overpressure produced by the deflagrations were measured and indicated that the region of collateral damage would be extensively reduced even though the safety exclusion zone, based on full detonation, would have to be maintained. Use of these fillings would reduce the hazard to the operator during EOD work.
Confirmation of Kramers-Henneberger Atoms (2016)

In a remarkable experiment, Eichmann et al. attained unprecedented acceleration of neutral atoms by strong short-pulse IR laser fields. The driving mechanism was identified as the ponderomotive force on excited electrons bound in Rydberg orbits that survive long enough to enable the atoms to reach the detector. However, the observed velocities lie somewhat above the theoretical prediction. The systematic discrepancy was attributed to "absolute laser intensity uncertainties or a slightly non-Gaussian intensity distribution". Here, we examine the process by transforming to the Kramers-Henneberger (KH) reference frame. We find that in addition to the ponderomotive potential there exists a smaller but significant term that comes from the binding energy of the KH atom. Including this KH term brings the calculated maximum velocities to a close match with experimental results over the full range of laser pulse durations.
Performance Limits of Fluid Antenna Systems (2020)

Fluid antenna represents a concept where a mechanically flexible antenna can switch its location freely within a given space. Recently, it has been reported that even with a tiny space, a single-antenna fluid antenna system (FAS) can outperform an L-antenna maximum ratio combining (MRC) system in terms of outage probability if the number of locations (or ports) the fluid antenna can be switched to, is large enough. This letter aims to study if extraordinary capacity can also be achieved by FAS with a small space. We do this by deriving the ergodic capacity, and a capacity lower bound. This letter also derives the level crossing rate (LCR) and average fade duration (AFD) for the FAS.
Hot and warm electron energy distribution at different electron cyclotron resonance ion source operation regimes (1996)

High charge states of heavy ions inside the electron cyclotron resonance plasma are produced by hot and warm electrons with energies above 3 keV. The slope of the electron energy distribution function and the density of these populations were obtained from bremsstrahlung spectra emitted by the 7.5 GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source of the Forschungszentrum Rossendorf measured with a HP Ge solid state detector. For this a new deconvolution method has been used. The operating condition of the ion source influences the behavior of the electrons. Mixing in of light gases to the discharge strongly increases the electron density.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Mature Cytotoxic CD56<sup>bright</sup>/CD16<i><sup>+</sup></i> Natural Killer Cells Can Infiltrate Lymph Nodes Adjacent to Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 167K, Analyses of CD4+ Foxp3 Tregs in LN cell suspensions.&lt;/p&gt;
Revisiting the Electronic Ground State of Copper Corroles (2006)

Back in the saddle: Copper corroles do not contain a CuIII ion, but rather a well-hidden CuII ion. A comparative crystallographic and theoretical study (see spin-density representation) of isostructural corroloid complexes with copper ions in different formal oxidation states suggests that the divalent state is stabilized through a saddling distortion of the corrole ligand. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z603676_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Two-stage cyclic operation of anaerobic filters (1987)

Over the past few years, the need to pretreat industrial wastes has generated considerable interest in development and application of anaerobic treatment systems. This interest is due, in part, to recent research that has introduced new anaerobic process applications. Other reasons include the attractive features of anaerobic reactions such as methane gas production and low sludge yields. While many desired results may be sought when treating low to medium strength industrial waste streams, the ultimate pretreatment goal is to economically achieve an effluent that has organic concentrations reduced to below levels that can be discharged to municipal wastewater systems. Only in the past few years have researchers and process engineers demonstrated that anaerobic systems can achieve this goal, specifically using fixed-film processes such as the anaerobic filter. Recent studies have shown the impressive performance of a new anaerobic treatment process variation. This process, two-stage cyclic operation has shown considerable improvement in anaerobic filter treatment capabilities, especially in the levels to which soluble effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) can be reduced. Research objectives were to compare the performance of two-stage cyclic anaerobic filters to that of single-stage units operated at equal volumetric organic loadings, and to evaluate the individual response ofmore » the two reactor stages immediately following stage reversals.« less
microRNA s (9, 138, 181A, 221, and 222) and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in developing brains (2013)

Abstract Background: Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted much attention as novel players in the pathogenesis of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) in mature and developing brains. This study aimed to investigate the expression dynamics of miR-9, miR-138, miR-181a, miR-221, and miR-222 in the hippocampus of an immature rat model during the three stages of MTLE development and in children with MTLE. Methodology: qPCR was used to measure expression levels during the three stages of MTLE development (2 h, 3, and 8 weeks after induction of lithium-pilocarpine status epilepticus, representing the acute, latent, and chronic stages, respectively. Expression levels were also measured in hippocampi obtained from children with MTLE and normal controls. Results: In the rat model, miR-9 was significantly upregulated during the acute and chronic stages relative to controls, but not during the latent stage. MiR-138, miR-221 and miR-222 were all downregulated during all three stages of MTLE development. MiR-181a was downregulated during the acute stage, upregulated during the chronic stage, and unaltered during the latent stage. In children, miR-9 and miR-181a were upregulated, while miR-138, miR-221, and miR-222 were downregulated. Conclusion: Modulation of these miRNAs may be a new strategy in designing antiepileptic and anticonvulsant therapies for the developing brain.
Oxathiaphospholane Approach to the Synthesis of Conjugates of Amino Acids Methyl Esters with Nucleosides (2002)

Based upon 1,3,2-oxathiaphospholane chemistry, 5'-O-derivatization of nucleosides with the O-methyl esters of amino acids was performed and corresponding conjugates were obtained in satisfactory yield.