gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in normal human articular chondrocytes (1995)

This study analyzes cyclooxygenase II (COX-2) gene expression, protein synthesis, and PGE2 release in normal human articular chondrocytes. Stimulation of chondrocytes in primary culture resulted in a dose-dependent induction of COX-2 mRNA in response to IL-1 with an ED50 between 0.1 and 1 ng/ml. COX-2 mRNA was detectable after 2 h, reached high levels at 6 h, and showed a remarkably long duration of expression for at least 72 h. Analysis of other extracellular stimuli showed that COX-2 mRNA was inducible by other cytokines including TNF-alpha, IL-6, and LIF and by bacterial LPS. Dexamethasone completely inhibited IL-1-induced COX-2 mRNA expression. Analysis of signaling pathways showed that PMA and calcium ionophore A23187, but not dibutyryl cAMP, induced COX-2 mRNA. The combination of IL-1 and A23187 resulted in synergistic increases. IL-1 effects were not reduced by the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine or by the protein kinase A inhibitor H89 but blocked by the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A. COX-2 protein was detected at 71 kDa by Western blotting in IL-1-stimulated, and to almost similar levels in A23187-treated, cells. Flow cytometric analysis showed that after IL-1 stimulation 78% of the chondrocytes expressed COX-2 protein. The patterns of COX-2 protein expression and the levels of PGE2 release correlated with the effects of the different stimuli and inhibitors on mRNA expression.
Miscibility Variation in Compositionally Grading Reservoirs (2001)

Summary Minimum miscibility conditions of pressure and enrichment (MMP/MME) have been computed with an equation of state (EOS) for several reservoir-fluid systems exhibiting compositional gradients with depth owing to gravity/chemical equilibrium. MMP/MME conditions are calculated with a multicell algorithm developed by Aaron Zick, where the condensing/vaporizing (C/V) mechanism of developed miscibility is used as the true measure of minimum miscibility conditions when it exists. The Zick algorithm is verified by detailed one-dimensional (1D) slimtube simulations with elimination of numerical dispersion. The miscibility conditions based on the traditional vaporizing-gas-drive (VGD) mechanism are also given for the sake of comparison, where it is typically found that this mechanism overpredicts conditions of miscibility. Significant variations in MMP and MME with depth exist for reservoirs with typical compositional gradients, particularly for near-critical oil reservoirs and gas-condensate reservoirs where the C/V mechanism exists. An important practical implication of these results is that miscible displacement in gas-condensate reservoirs can be achieved far below the initial dewpoint pressure. The requirement is that the injection gas (slug) be enriched somewhat beyond a typical separator gas composition and that the C/V miscibility mechanism exist. This behavior results in many more gas-condensate reservoirs being viable candidates for miscible gas cycling than previously assumed, and at cycling conditions with lower cost requirements (i.e., lower pressures) and greater operational flexibility (e.g., cycling only during summer months).
Effect of phenolic compounds from the rind of Punica granatum on the activity of three metabolism‐related enzymes (2019)

Enzyme activity modulation by synthetic compounds provide strategies combining the inhibitory and therapeutic mode of action of the confirmed inhibitors. However, natural modulators could offer a valuable alternative for synthetic ones for the treatment of different chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, cancer) due to the numerous side effects of the latter. In vitro screening assays were conducted for Punica granatum rind methanolic extract against three metabolism-related enzymes: α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase. The obtained results showed that the examined extract retained high multitarget inhibition with inhibition percentages 31.5 ± 1.3%, 75.9 ± 4.7%, and 68.5 ± 5.3% against α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase, respectively. Bioguided fractionation of P. granatum rind extract revealed that quercetin is the major active compound with inhibitory activities: 54.3 ± 2.7%, 94.2 ± 3.5%, and 90.9 ± 2.7% against α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase, respectively. Kinetic studies of enzymes showed that quercetin inhibition was noncompetitive, uncompetitive, and competitive for α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase, respectively. The molecular docking of quercetin with α-amylase and hyaluronidase showed high binding energy with different bonds stabilizing the ligand-protein complex. Compiling all obtained results led to conclude that both P. granatum rind extract and quercetin have multitarget activities with potential therapeutic applications in many metabolic disorders.
Wafer Backside Thinning Process Integrated with Post-Thinning Clean and TSV Exposure Recess Etch (2012)

The development of 3D-SIC technology has been requiring more delicate backside processing with increasing complexity and process requirements. As one of the key enabling process steps, wafer backside thinning must also evolve to satisfy the emerging demands. In addition to extreme wafer thickness control, the process requirements has also been extended into contamination control and cost reduction aspects, etc. In this work, we demonstrated a novel wafer backside thinning process integrated with post thinning clean and TSVs exposure recess etch in the context of imec's 300 mm wafer backside integration scheme. We expected that implementation of this process in the production line could dramatically simplify and eventually reduce the totally cost of wafer backside processing for 3D-SIC.
Neuromodulation of the Pineal Gland via Electrical Stimulation of Its Sympathetic Innervation Pathway (2020)

Stimulation of the pineal gland via its sympathetic innervation pathway results in the production of N-acetylserotonin and melatonin. Melatonin has many therapeutic roles and is heavily implicated in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle. In addition, N-acetylserotonin has recently been reported to promote neurogenesis in the brain. Upregulation of these indoleamines is possible via neuromodulation of the pineal gland. This is achieved by electrical stimulation of structures or fibres in the pineal gland sympathetic innervation pathway. Many studies have performed such pineal neuromodulation using both invasive and non-invasive methods. However, the effects of various experimental variables and stimulation paradigms has not yet been reviewed and evaluated. This review summarises these studies and presents the optimal experimental protocols and stimulation parameters necessary for maximal upregulation of melatonin metabolic output.
Modification of early-postmortem muscle pH and use of postmortem aging to improve beef tenderness. (1996)

This study was conducted to determine whether modification of early-postmortem muscle pH and(or) control of postmortem aging time could be used to improve tenderness of strip loin (longissimus, LM), top sirloin (GM), and top round (SM) steaks. Muscle pH, at 1.5 and 3 h postmortem, was modified using three 60-Hz electrical stimulation (ES) treatments (240 V, 35 V, or combined use of 240 and 35 V). Vacuum-packaged sections of the LM, GM, and SM were aged for 6, 12, 18, or 24 d postmortem. Use of ES increased rate of postmortem muscle pH decline and decreased shear force of LM steaks but had no effect on tenderness of GM or SM steaks. Reducing 3-h pH of the LM reduced variability in LM shear force but had little effect on tenderness of GM or SM steaks. However, lower values for 24-h pH of the LM were associated with increased tenderness of all three cuts. Tenderness of all cuts also improved as length of the postmortem aging period was increased. For LM and SM steaks, the greatest improvements in tenderness were achieved by 12 d; however, tenderness of GM steaks continued to increase up to 24 d postmortem.
Charge trapping at high doses in an active matrix flat panel dosimeter (2003)

Active matrix flat panel dosimeters (AMFPD's) have a high density of charge trapping centers (/spl sim/3/spl times/10/sup 15//cm/sup 3/) which lead to both lag and ghosting in reconstructed dose measurements. Lag is due to charge release within the detector and is a function of the lifetime of the trapping centers within the detector. Ghosting, defined as excess charge not produced by charge release, is a phenomenon believed to be caused by reduced charge trapping probability due to the trapped charge population density being greater after exposure to a radiation field than previous to the exposure. This work examines the characteristics of a large AMFPD (26 cm /spl times/ 26 cm) detector for long exposure times (up to 1 minute) and high doses (up to 3 Gy). This detector was operated in a direct detection mode. Nonlinear response functions were mapped as a function of both exposure time and dose at a beam energy of 6 MV. Additionally, the impulse response functions (IRF's) were also measured at 6 MV for the same set of exposure times and doses used for the measurement of the nonlinear mapping. These IRF's are shown to be functions of both exposure time and dose delivered to the detector. The reproducibility of the dose measurements is discussed.
EDTA enhances the antitumor efficacy of intratumoral cisplatin in s.c. grafted rat colon tumors (2004)

We have investigated whether EDTA, a calcium chelator, could improve the accumulation of platinum in tumors and enhance the antitumor efficacy by increasing drug diffusion through the extracellular tumor matrix. Intratumoral injection of 0.3 mg/kg cisplatin combined with 10 mg/ml EDTA in 2 ml saline serum led to tumor cure in four of eight rats and produced major tumor regression in the other animals. In contrast, intratumoral injection of cisplatin alone or EDTA alone had no antitumoral effect. EDTA increased platinum accumulation both in vivo and ex vivo in the PROb tumors. EDTA alone was cytotoxic at a concentration of 10 mg/ml, but neither increased platinum accumulation nor cisplatin toxicity on cultured PROb colonic cancer cells. We conclude that EDTA could be a useful and well-tolerated adjuvant for enhancing intratumoral cisplatin chemotherapy.
Subtype and cell type specific expression of lncRNAs provide insight into breast cancer (2022)

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in breast cancer pathogenesis through chromatin remodeling, transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation. We report robust associations between lncRNA expression and breast cancer clinicopathological features in two population-based cohorts: SCAN-B and TCGA. Using co-expression analysis of lncRNAs with protein coding genes, we discovered three distinct clusters of lncRNAs. In silico cell type deconvolution coupled with single-cell RNA-seq analyses revealed that these three clusters were driven by cell type specific expression of lncRNAs. In one cluster lncRNAs were expressed by cancer cells and were mostly associated with the estrogen signaling pathways. In the two other clusters, lncRNAs were expressed either by immune cells or fibroblasts of the tumor microenvironment. To further investigate the cis-regulatory regions driving lncRNA expression in breast cancer, we identified subtype-specific transcription factor (TF) occupancy at lncRNA promoters. We also integrated lncRNA expression with DNA methylation data to identify long-range regulatory regions for lncRNA which were validated using ChiA-Pet-Pol2 loops. lncRNAs play an important role in shaping the gene regulatory landscape in breast cancer. We provide a detailed subtype and cell type-specific expression of lncRNA, which improves the understanding of underlying transcriptional regulation in breast cancer.
Valence Change of A′-Site Mn by A-Site Doping in La1–xNaxMn3Ti4O12 (2012)

A-site-ordered perovskites La1–xNaxMn3Ti4O12 with (x = 0, 0.5, 1) were synthesized under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions, and their crystal structures and magnetic properties were investigated. Ti/Mn occupancies at the B site were also examined by using resonant X-ray diffraction, and the results confirm that they are stoichiometric with high Ti/Mn site selectivity. Substitution of Na+ for some of the La3+ changes the valence state of the A′-site Mn but not of the B-site Ti, and thus the compositions of the synthesized samples are expressed as La1–xNaxMn{(5+2x)/3}+3Ti4+4O12. The magnetic properties change from spin-glass-like to antiferromagnetic to spin-glass-like behavior according to the valence states of A′-site Mn.
New Amide Derivatives of Quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-Oxide with Leishmanicidal and Antiplasmodial Activities (2013)

Malaria and leishmaniasis are two of the World's most important tropical parasitic diseases. Continuing with our efforts to identify new compounds active against malaria and leishmaniasis, twelve new 1,4-di-N-oxide quinoxaline derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antimalarial and antileishmanial activity against Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3 strain, Leishmania infantum and Leishmania amazonensis. Their toxicity against VERO cells (normal monkey kidney cells) was also assessed. The results obtained indicate that a cyclopentyl derivative had the best antiplasmodial activity (2.9 µM), while a cyclohexyl derivative (2.5 µM) showed the best activity against L. amazonensis, and a 3-chloropropyl derivative (0.7 µM) showed the best results against L. infantum. All these compounds also have a Cl substituent in the R⁷ position.
Preface (1997)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text C. R. Pollock and W. R. Bosenberg, "Preface," in Advanced Solid State Lasers, C. Pollock and W. Bosenberg, eds., Vol. 10 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1997), paper P1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Relationship Between the Liver Tissue Shear Modulus and Histopathologic Findings Analyzed by Intraoperative Shear Wave Elastography and Digital Microscopically Assisted Morphometry in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2013)

Fibrosis predictably affects elastographic estimation, but hepatocellular density (ie, hepatocellular nuclear areas) also alters elastographic assessment.
Análisis de variación morfológica de semillas y embriones de diez especies distribuidas en los bosques secos de la provincia de Loja (2010)

El presente trabajo de investigacion se realizo en el banco de germoplasma de la U.T.P.L. y tuvo como objetivo caracterizar morfologicamente semillas de las especies Ochroma pyramidale (Bombacaceae), Cucurbita maxima, Cyclanthera pedata, Luffa cylindrica, Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae), Albizia multiflora, Piscidia carthagenensis (Fabaceae), Physalis peruviana, Solanum albidum y Solanum sisymbrifolium (Solanaceae) distribuidas en los bosques secos de la provincia de Loja.
Se seleccionaron 50 semillas de cada una de las especies y se evaluaron caracteres externos e internos como: tamano, forma y color de la semilla, hilum, forma, tipo y disposicion del embrion. Para determinar patrones de asociacion entre los caracteres cuantitativos, se realizo un cluster mediante el programa R utilizando el metodo de aglomeracion “average”, para la grafica del dendrograma (Cluster).
Concentrating solar power + desalination plants (CSP+D): models and performance analysis (2015)

Em 2013 a capacidade mundial para produção de água potável através de processos industriais de dessalinização era aproximadamente de 81 milhões de metros cúbicos por dia. Além disso, 9 dos 10 países com maior capacidade instalada para produzir água por dessalinização situam-se em regiões com altos níveis de irradiação solar. A combinação de centrais Solares Termoeléctricas de Concentração (CSP) e unidades de produção de água potável, poderá ser uma alternativa viável com vista a minimizar a poluição gerada com a cogeração de água e de electricidade. O trabalho apresentado descreve o desenvolvimento de modelos para a análise termodinâmica deste tipo de centrais em cogeração (em fase de pré-dimensionamento). Foi desenvolvido um novo modelo que descreve o processo de Destilação por Multi-Efeito (MED), tendo sido validado com dados de uma central comercial. Este modelo foi integrado num modelo existente capaz de simular a operação de centrais de CSP. A simulação de centrais de CSP em cogeração com centrais de Osmose Inversa (RO) também foi analisada. A região de Trapani, na Sicília foi utilizada como caso de estudo. Os resultados da utilização destas novas ferramentas apontam para um potencial bom desempenho térmico de centrais de dessalinização em cogeração com centrais de CSP.
The association of cataract and cataract surgery with the long-term incidence of age-related maculopathy: the Beaver Dam eye study. (2002)

These findings indicate an association of cataract with subsequent risk for early ARM. Cataract surgery increased the risk for late ARM.
Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (2004)

TLIF reconstruction with a solitary cage did not increase overall spine flexibility from the intact condition but significantly increased segmental flexibility at L4-L5 in axial rotation. A unilateral translaminar facet screw had minimal stabilizing effect at L4-L5. Unilateral pedicle screws frews further increased stiffness at the L4-L5 segment. However, TLIF with bilateral pedicle screws most closely approximated the L4-L5 segmental flexibility of the intact spine.
DECIDING ON HOW TO DECIDE BEST (2001)

Regarding all methods of decision making as parts of the same subject, one is astounded to find that the field speaks to the practitioners about multicriteria decision making with a multi-forked tongue, different methods give different and conflicting outcomes even for very simple decisions. In this paper, five well-known decision theories are described and used to work out a simple decision to choose the best of three cars. The outcomes turn out not to be the same for all the methods, which is troubling because one would expect unique answers in decision making. Several meta criteria that are essential for making a decision theory to make a choice as to which decision approach is best.h is best.
Studies of plant cell walls and plant-microbe interactions. Technical progress report, December 1982-July 1983 (1983)

Studies included: (1) advances in the ability to structurally characterize complex carbohydrates; (2) the structural characterization of cell wall polysaccharides; (3) the structural analysis of polysaccharides secreted by rhizobia; (4) the characterization of the hepta-..beta..-glucoside elicitor of phytoalexins; (5) characterization of oligosaccharins; (6) new assays for oligosaccharins and oligosaccharia-releasing enzymes; (7) characterization of the enzymes produced by the pathogen Pyricularia to degrade its host's cell walls; and (8) isolation of strains of Pyriculeria. (ACR)
Three-Dimensional Kinematics of Ocular Drift in Humans With Cerebellar Atrophy (2000)

One of the signs of the cerebellar ocular motor syndrome is the inability to maintain horizontal and vertical fixation. Typically, in the presence of cerebellar atrophy, the eyes show horizontal gaze-evoked and vertical downbeat nystagmus. We investigated whether or not the cerebellar ocular motor syndrome also includes a torsional drift and, specifically, if it is independent from the drift in the horizontal-vertical plane. The existence of such a torsional drift would suggest that the cerebellum is critically involved in maintaining the eyes in Listing's plane. Eighteen patients with cerebellar atrophy (diagnosis confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging) were tested and compared with a group of normal subjects. Three-dimensional eye movements (horizontal, vertical, and torsional) during attempted fixations of targets at different horizontal and vertical eccentricities were recorded by dual search coils in a three-field magnetic frame. The overall ocular drift was composed of an upward drift that increased during lateral gaze, a horizontal centripetal drift that appeared during lateral gaze, and a torsional drift that depended on horizontal eye position. The vertical drift consisted of two subcomponents: a vertical gaze-evoked drift and a constant vertical velocity bias. The increase of upward drift velocity with eccentric horizontal gaze was caused by an increase of the vertical velocity bias; this component did not comply with Listing's law. The horizontal-eye-position-dependent torsional drift was intorsional in abduction and extorsional in adduction, which led to an additional violation of Listing's law. The existence of torsional drift that is eye-position-dependent suggests that the cerebellum is critically involved in the implementation of Listing's law, perhaps by mapping a tonic torsional signal that depends on the direction of the line of sight. The magnitude of this signal might reflect the difference in torsional eye position between the torsional resting position determined by the mechanics of the eye plant and the torsional position required by Listing's law.
Coexistence of unipolar and bipolar resistive switching characteristics in ZnO thin films (2010)

This paper reports the coexistence of unipolar and bipolar resistive switching (BRS) in an Ag/ZnO/Pt structure fabricated by sputtering deposition at room temperature. The structure shows reproducible and stable unipolar resistive switching after electroforming with high compliance current (Ic)=40 mA, regardless of the applied voltage polarity. With low Ic=5 mA at electroforming, BRS was also observed; this phenomenon depended on the voltage polarity. Both states were stable and reproducible over 100 cycles. The switching mode was changed with adjusting Ic but the transition was irreversible. Based on the results, switching mechanism based on filament theory is proposed to explain both resistive switching.
Direct imaging of ionizing radiation via the Pockels Effect in electrooptic crystals. (2011)

Abstract not provided.
Advancements in Gradient System Performance for Clinical and Research MRI (2022)

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), spatial field gradients are applied along each axis to encode the location of the nuclear spin in the frequency domain. During recent years, the development of new gradient technologies has been focused on the generation of stronger and faster gradient fields for imaging with higher spatial and temporal resolution. This benefits imaging methods, such as brain diffusion and functional MRI, and enables human imaging at ultra-high field MRI. In addition to improving gradient performance, new technologies have been presented to minimize peripheral nerve stimulation and gradient-related acoustic noise, both generated by the rapid switching of strong gradient fields. This review will provide a general background on the gradient system and update on the state-of-the-art gradient technology. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Stable Fluorine‐Containing Thiete. (1987)

Abstract The thiacyclobutene (III) is prepared from the perfluoroalkene (I) and the thiol (II) in the presence of triethylamine.
A horizontal inflatable habitat for SEI (1992)

The inflatable habitat described in this paper is a horizontally-oriented cylindrical pneumatic structure. It is part of NASA's ongoing effort to study inflatables as alternative habitats for the Space Exploration Initiative. This inflatable habitat provides a living and working environment for a crew of 12. It is an 8-m diameter by 45.34-m cylinder containing 2145 cu m of volume. Two levels of living and working areas make up the 547 sq m of floor space.