gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Bayesian Methodology to Measure Equivalence Between Two Rating Scales (2012)

Prior and new information collected from this study was used to determine a posterior probability that a mean difference (±0.5 points) between the relevance and correlation group exists, thereby demonstrating equivalence between two rating scales.
Energy savings in mobile networks based on adaptation to traffic statistics (2010)

The traffic load in mobile networks is very unevenly distributed both over time and over cells. Excessive waste of energy occurs in low traffic situations since the radio system is optimized for maximum load. Drastic improvements can be achieved by adapting to the actual traffic demand. The solutions we introduce below rely on automatically switching off unnecessary cells, modifying the radio topology, and reducing the radiated power with methods such as bandwidth shrinking and cell micro-sleep. The challenge is to maintain reliable service coverage and quality of service (QoS) in the related area, while simultaneously consuming the lowest energy. The self-organizing network (SON) supports proper selection of the appropriate energy saving mechanism and automatic collaborative reconfiguration of cell parameters with the neighbor cells.
Zone plate reflector antennas for applications in space (2002)

The zone plate (ZP) reflector antenna is presented as a low cost, low weight alternative to parabolic reflector and array antennas on satellites and interplanetary spacecraft when antennas with high gain and low sidelobes are required. The reflector efficiency of a zone plate antenna with four phase segments in each Bone is 95 percent. The directional patterns of zone plate antennas were computed by recursive integration of the circular aperture Fresnel integral. Computed antenna patterns are similar to the pattern of a uniformly illuminated parabolic reflector. The ZP reflector has 4 to 5 percent larger beamwidth than the same diameter parabolic reflector, and the first sidelobe level approaches /spl minus/17.7 dB as the number of zones increases. Peak sidelobe levels decrease monotonically. The beamwidth increases and peak sidelobe levels decrease as edge illumination decreases. Chromatic aberration limits the instantaneous bandwidth of a zone plate antenna, but the antenna can be tuned over broad frequency bands by moving the feed position. Aberration limited scan angles are larger than obtainable with parabolic reflectors but, for a given scan angle, the maximum frequency for aberration free beam forming reduces with plate diameter and increases with the F-number. Achievement of large scan angles at K-band and higher frequencies requires corrective optics. Zone plate antennas can be used in a variety of applications where low cost, low weight, multiple beam or scanning of a narrow beam over a large angular field are required.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A scheduling algorithm for aperiodic groups of tasks in distributed real-time systems and its holistic analysis (1997)

The paper deals with the problem of scheduling aperiodic groups of tasks in distributed systems. It proposes two contributions, namely: (i) a distributed scheduling algorithm to be included, together with a set of aperiodic servers to deal with the processor utilisation and the network bandwidth local to the system nodes, in a distributed aperiodic server, and (ii) an extensive analysis of the behaviour of the proposed scheduling algorithm by applying an holistic approach. The sensitivity of the response time of the algorithm to the parameters involved is also studied.
DDIS-06. ONC206, AN IMIPRIDONE FAMILY MEMBER, SUPPRESSES GLIOMA STEM CELL MAINTENANCE (2017)

Imipridones selectively target G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that control critical signaling pathways in various cancer cells. Aberrant overexpression of GPCRs has been implicated in tumorigenesis. ONC201, a first generation imipridone that directly antagonizes dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), continues to be evaluated in clinical trials for advanced cancers. The immediate downstream mechanism(s) of DRD2 inhibition and resulting anti-cancer activity remains an area of active study. Here, we show that ONC206, an analog of ONC201 that shares the same imipridone core chemical structure and selective antagonism of DRD2, potently inhibits patient-derived glioma stem cell (GSC) populations. In silico analysis of a glioma patient database led us to investigate DRD2 signaling in glioma; alteration of DRD2 mRNA expression was directly connected to global gene expression change in glioma patient database. CellTiter-Glo cell viability assay showed that exposure to ONC206 in a dose dependent manner preferentially eliminated GSCs, compared to differentiated glioma cells. Protein array of stem cell markers revealed treatment of ONC206 down-regulated protein expression of oncogenic stem cell markers in the GSCs. Further, in vitro limiting dilution assay and sphere formation analysis showed that ONC206 prevented tumor sphere formation and tumor growth. These observations indicate that ONC206 exhibits promising anti-glioma activity and suggest that elucidating the downstream effects of antagonizing DRD2 signaling with ONC206 in gliomas is warranted.
Antiretroviral Therapy and HIV Prevention in India: Modeling Costs and Consequences of Policy Options (2006)

The design of ART policy should capitalize on the potential of ART to decrease HIV transmission through institutional arrangements that reward effective prevention programs, thereby raising the likelihood that treatment has beneficial rather than negative external effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and General Synthesis of Quaternary 3‐Aminooxindoles. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Ordered Porous Gold Electrodes to Enhance the Sensitivity of Enzyme-Based Glucose Sensors (2013)

Glucose sensors are essential tools for diabetes patients to use in monitoring their blood glucose levels. However, to be able to detect glucose in non-invasively collected physiological fluids, such as tears and urine, the sensitivity of these glucose sensors must be significantly higher than sensors that are currently used to detect glucose concentrations in blood. Increasing the specific surface area of enzyme-based glucose sensors through the use of ordered porous gold electrodes has been shown to enhance the sensitivity of these sensors. The enzyme-based ordered porous gold glucose sensor was demonstrated to be suitable in detecting glucose concentrations ranges that are similar to those occurring in tears. Although sensitivity of the glucose sensor is enhanced, the saturation threshold of the sensor is lowered. Further optimizations of the porous gold electrodes are required to eliminate signal saturation of these improved sensors.
Fast and accurate programming method for multi-level NAND EEPROMs (2002)

For the replacement of conventional hard disks by NAND EEPROMs, a very high density and a high programming speed are required. An increased density can be achieved by using multi-level memory cells. With the new method, using staircase programming pulses combined with a bit-by-bit verify, a very narrow threshold voltage distribution of 0.7 V, necessary for 4-level or 2-bit operation, and a high programming speed of 300 /spl mu/s/page or 590 ns/byte can be obtained.
Gas phase formation of phenalenevia10π-aromatic, resonantly stabilized free radical intermediates (2020)

For the last few decades, the Hydrogen-Abstraction/aCetylene-Addition (HACA) mechanism has been fundamental in aiding our understanding of the source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in combustion processes and in circumstellar envelopes of carbon rich stars. However, the reaction mechanisms driving high temperature molecular mass growth beyond triphenylene (C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>12</sub>) along with the link between PAHs and graphene-type nanostructures as identified in carbonaceous meteorites such as in Murchison and Allende has remained elusive. By exploring the reaction of the 1-naphthyl radical (C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>7</sub>˙) with methylacetylene (CH<sub>3</sub>CCH) and allene (H<sub>2</sub>CCCH<sub>2</sub>) under conditions prevalent in carbon-rich circumstellar environments and combustion systems, we provide compelling evidence on a facile formation of 1H-phenalene (C<sub>13</sub>H<sub>10</sub>) - the central molecular building block of graphene-type nanostructures. Beyond PAHs, molecular mass growth processes from 1H-phenalene via ring-annulation through C3 molecular building blocks may ultimately lead to two-dimensional structures such as graphene nano flakes and after condensation of multiple layers to graphitized carbon. These fundamental reaction mechanisms are of crucial significance to facilitate an understanding of the origin and chemical evolution of carbon in our Galaxy.
Comparative Study of Strain‐Dependent Structural Changes of Silkworm Silks: Insight into the Structural Origin of Strain‐Stiffening (2017)

Structure-property relationships of silk is an intriguing topic for silk-based biomaterials research since these features are related to biomimicking the processing in natural silk fiber formation which results in excellent mechanical properties. Strain-stiffening is common for spider silks and nonmulberry silkworm silks. However, the structural origin of strain-stiffening remains unclear. In this paper, the strain-dependent structural change of Antheraea pernyi silkworm silk is studied by X-ray fiber diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy under stretching. Based on a combination of mechanical and structural analysis, the molecular origins of strain-stiffening in A. pernyi silk were determined. The relatively high content of the β-sheets within the amorphous domains in A. pernyi silk is responsible for strain-stiffening, where "molecular spindles" enhance the extensibility and toughness of the fiber.
Biosynthetically Intriguing Chlorinated Lipophilic Metabolites from Geographically Distant Tropical Marine Cyanobacteria (2012)

Five new vinylchlorine-containing metabolites, the lipoamides janthielamide A and kimbeamides A-C and the ketide-extended pyranone kimbelactone A, have been isolated from collections of marine cyanobacteria made in Curaçao and Papua New Guinea. Both janthielamide A and kimbeamide A exhibited moderate sodium channel blocking activity in murine Neuro-2a cells. Consistent with this activity, janthielamide A was also found to antagonize veratridine-induced sodium influx in murine cerebrocortical neurons. These lipoamides represent the newest additions to a relatively rare family of marine cyanobacterial-derived lipoamides and a new structural class of compounds exhibiting neuromodulatory activities from marine cyanobacteria.
A Cannabigerol Derivative Suppresses Immune Responses and Protects Mice from Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2014)

Phytocannabinoids that do not produce psychotropic effects are considered of special interest as novel therapeutic agents in CNS diseases. A cannabigerol quinone, the compound VCE-003, has been shown to alleviate symptoms in a viral model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Hence, we studied T cells and macrophages as targets for VCE-003 and its efficacy in an autoimmune model of MS. Proliferation, cell cycle, expression of activation markers was assessed by FACs in human primary T cells, and cytokine and chemokine production was evaluated. Transcription was studied in Jurkat cells and RAW264.7 cells were used to study the effects of VCE-003 on IL-17-induced macrophage polarization to a M1 phenotype. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG₃₅₋₅₅) immunization and spinal cord pathology was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Neurological impairment was evaluated using disease scores. We show here that VCE-003 inhibits CD3/CD28-induced proliferation, cell cycle progression and the expression of the IL-2Rα and ICAM-1 activation markers in human primary T cells. VCE-003 inhibits the secretion of Th1/Th17 cytokines and chemokines in primary murine T cells, and it reduces the transcriptional activity of the IL-2, IL-17 and TNFα promoters induced by CD3/CD28. In addition, VCE-003 and JWH-133, a selective CB2 agonist, dampened the IL-17-induced polarization of macrophages to a pro-inflammatory M1 profile. VCE-003 also prevented LPS-induced iNOS expression in microglia. VCE-003 ameliorates the neurological defects and the severity of MOG-induced EAE in mice through CB2 and PPARγ receptor activation. A reduction in cell infiltrates, mainly CD4+ T cells, was observed, and Th1 and Th17 responses were inhibited in the spinal cord of VCE-003-treated mice, accompanied by weaker microglial activation, structural preservation of myelin sheets and reduced axonal damage. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of VCE-003 as an agent for the treatment of human immune diseases with both inflammatory and autoimmune components.
Fractional response analysis reveals logarithmic cytokine responses in cellular populations (2020)

ABSTRACT Although we can now measure single-cell signaling responses with multivariate, high-throughput techniques our ability to interpret such measurements is still limited. Even interpretation of dose-response based on single-cell data is not straightforward: signaling responses can differ significantly between cells, encompass multiple signaling effectors, and have dynamic character. Here, we use probabilistic modeling and information-theory to introduce fractional response analysis (FRA), which quantifies changes in fractions of cells with given response levels. FRA can be universally performed for heterogeneous, multivariate, and dynamic measurements and, as we demonstrate, uncovers otherwise hidden patterns in single-cell data. In particular, we show that fractional responses to type I interferon in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells are very similar across different cell types, despite significant differences in mean or median responses and degrees of cell-to-cell heterogeneity. Further, we demonstrate that fractional responses to cytokines scale linearly with the log of the cytokine dose, which uncovers that cellular populations are sensitive to fold-changes in the dose, as opposed to additive changes.
Ethics and Human Resource Management (2002)

The collection of articles in this issue is drawn from papers presented at the International Conference on Ethics and Human Resource Management held at Middlesex University Business School in April 2001. The title of this conference was Professional Development and Practice, which reflected the belief that continuous professional development is the cornerstone of effective professional practice both for individual practitioners and the pro fessional community in HRM. The papers presented provide an opportunity to review and reflect on practice, subjecting it to public scrutiny and ex posing the gap between rhetoric and reality. The papers are multidisciplinary in scope drawing on psychology, moral philosophy, professional education and development, as well spe cialist areas of human resource management including: employment law, health and safety and employee resourcing. They all encourage reflection and the development of knowledge and skills on a variety of issues and contribute to our appreciation of the nature of complex ethical decision making in HR practice, drawing our attention to innovations in professional development and thinking in the field. Additionally, several papers build on the theme of the previous conference Toward a Human Centered Organiza tion held in January 2000 at Imperial College, some papers from which were published in a special issue of this journal (vol. 19, nos. 3 and 4, and in Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 10, no. 4). A special section
Use of a mucolytic agent (Cytoclair) in the preparation of cell material for the detection of malignant cells in sputum. (1978)

A mucolytic agent, methyl cysteine HC1 (Cytoclair), has been used to obtain a centrifuged cell deposit for the detection of malignant cells in sputum. In 178 sputum samples from 52 patients with primary lung cancer there was a slightly higher rate of detection with the mucolytic method than with the routine method: 54 positives from 27 patients compared with 48 positives from 24 patients. Morphological studies using the mucolytic agent indicated that a millipore filter with fixation of cells in suspension produces a satisfactory cell preparation and is valuable in certain problem cases.
Look-Align: an interactive web-based multiple sequence alignment viewer with polymorphism analysis support (2006)

The Supplementary information includes sample lists of multiple sequence alignment software and sample screenshots of the viewer.
Plural stage residue hydrodesulfurization process with hydrogen sulfide addition and removal. [hydrogenation, desulfurization, and demetallization] (1975)

A multiple stage process is described for the catalytic hydrodesulfurization and hydrodemetallization of a residual petroleum oil boiling above the gasoline range. The product of the process comprises essentially material boiling above the gasoline range and comprises little material boiling below the initial boiling point of the residual oil feed. The hydrodesulfurization-demetallization process comprises an initial stage involving relatively high hydrogen pressure in the presence of a catalyst comprising a relatively low proportion of catalytically active hydrogenation metals. Hydrogen sulfide is removed from the process after the initial stage and the process employs a final stage in series having a relatively lower hydrogen pressure and a catalyst comprising a relatively higher proportion of hydrogenation metals. The stream entering the final stage contains hydrogen sulfide or a hydrogen sulfide precursor added thereto and contains an amount up to 10, 20 or even 25 weight percent of the asphaltene content of the charge to the first stage while the effluent from the final stage is essentially free of asphaltenes.
Increase in NREM sleep slow waves following injections of sodium oxybate in the mouse cerebral cortex and the role of somatostatin‐positive interneurons (2022)

The systemic administration of sodium oxybate (SXB), the sodium salt of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, promotes slow wave activity (SWA, 0.5-4 Hz EEG power) and increases non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. These effects are mediated by the widely expressed GABAb receptors, and thus, the brain areas targeted by SXB remain unclear. Because slow waves are mainly a cortical phenomenon, we tested here whether systemic SXB promotes SWA by acting directly on the cortex. Moreover, because somatostatin (SOM) + cortical interneurons play a key role in SWA generation, we also assessed their contribution to the effects of SXB. In adult SOM-Cre mice, the injection of SXB in left secondary motor cortex increased SWA during NREM sleep in the first 30 min post-injection (11 mice: either sex). SWA, the amplitude and frequency of the slow waves, and the frequency of the OFF periods increased ipsilaterally and contralaterally to the SXB injection in frontal and parietal cortex. All these changes disappeared when the intracortical injection of SXB was preceded by the chemogenetic inhibition of the SOM+ cells. Thus, SXB may promote the slow waves of NREM sleep, at least in part, by acting directly on the cortex, and this effect involves GABAergic SOM+ interneurons. Our working hypothesis is that SXB potentiates the ability of these cells to inhibit all other cortical cell types via a GABAb mechanism, thus promoting the transition from ON to OFF periods during NREM sleep.
Treadmill exercise-induced release of endothelin-1 in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease at Fontaine stage IIb. (2000)

In conclusion, this study shows that in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease, plasma endothelin-1 increases after treadmill exercise performed until claudication pain supervenes. Raised endothelin-1 could be a marker of ischaemic acute endothelial damage and/or could contribute to increase the vascular resistance in ischaemic limbs of these patients during dynamic exercise by promoting arterial/arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasospasm.
Functionalized luminescent YVO 4 : Ln3+nanoparticles (2003)

The synthesis and the emission properties of colloidal YVO<sub>4</sub>:Ln nanocrystals (8nm in diameter) are investigated, where Ln = Eu, Nd, Yb, Er. The nanoparticles synthesized here are constituted of a (Y,Ln)VO<sub>4</sub> crystalline core and stabilized by a lanthanide-citrate complexing shell. Surface derivatization of the particles can be achieved through the controlled growth of a silicate shell using a functionalized silane, with elimination of the citrate shell. The luminescence of the Eu<sup>3+</sup> -doped YVO<sub>4</sub> colloids is studied in details and compared to the bulk material. Chemical treatments are achieved in order to explain the observed differences. Improvement of the emission quantum yield after the transfer of the colloidal particles into D<sub>2</sub>O shows that surface OH groups act as efficient quenchers of the Eu<sup>3+</sup> emission. The growth of a silica shell around the particles decreases the optimum europium concentration, showing that energy transfers within the nanoparticles are limited by the quenching of the excited states of the vanadate ions. Moreover, site selective excitation spectroscopy seems to prove the coexistence of core sites and surface sites for the europium ions. Finally, colloidal nanoparticles exhibit an emission yield of about 25%, which appears already suitable for some applications.
Investigation of Beam Impedance and Heat Load in a High Temperature Superconducting Undulator (2021)

The use of high temperature superconducting (HTS) materials can enhance the performance of superconducting undulators (SCU), which can later be implemented in free electron laser facilities, synchrotron storage rings and light sources. In particular, the short period 10 mm undulators with narrow magnetic gap 4 mm are relevant. One of the promising approaches considers a 10 cm meander-structured HTS tapes stacked one above the other. Then, the HTS tape is wound on the SCU. The idea of this jointless undulator has been proposed by, and is being further developed at KIT. Since minimizing the different sources of heat load is a critical issue for all SCUs, a detailed analysis of the impedance and heat load is required to meet the cryogenic system design. The dominant heat source is anticipated to be the resistive surface loss, which is one of the subjects of this study. Considering the complexity of the HTS tape, the impedance model includes the geometrical structure of the HTS tapes as well as the anomalous skin effect. The results of the numerical investigation performed by the help of the CST PS solver will be presented and discussed.
Fragmentation of amidinated peptide ions (2004)

The collision-induced dissociation characteristics of amidinated and unmodified tryptic peptides are compared using an ion trap mass spectrometer with both electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization (MALDI). Several fragmentation pathways in a number of tryptic peptides of various precursor charge states are found to be enhanced. The additional information conveyed by the observed fragment ions should facilitate protein identifications.
Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in Premenopausal Women: Efficacy of Flibanserin in the DAISY Study (2012)

In premenopausal women with HSDD, flibanserin 100 mg once daily was well tolerated and associated with statistically significant improvements in SSE, sexual desire (FSFI desire domain score but not eDiary desire score), sexual function, and decrease in sexual distress vs. placebo.