gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of mycobacterial 3′-to-5′ RNA:DNA helicase Lhr bound to a ssDNA tracking strand highlights distinctive features of a novel family of bacterial helicases (2017)

Mycobacterial Lhr is a DNA damage-inducible superfamily 2 helicase that uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis to drive unidirectional 3'-to-5' translocation along single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and to unwind RNA:DNA duplexes en route. ATPase, translocase and helicase activities are encompassed within the N-terminal 856-amino acid segment. The crystal structure of Lhr-(1-856) in complex with AMPPNP•Mg2+ and ssDNA defines a new helicase family. The enzyme comprises two N-terminal RecA-like modules, a winged helix (WH) domain and a unique C-terminal domain. The 3' ssDNA end binds in a crescent-shaped groove at the interface between the first RecA domain and the WH domain and tracks 5' into a groove between the second RecA and C domains. A kissing interaction between the second RecA and C domains forms an aperture that demarcates a putative junction between the loading strand tail and the duplex, with the first duplex nucleoside bookended by stacking on Trp597. Intercalation of Ile528 between nucleosides of the loading strand creates another bookend. Coupling of ATP hydrolysis to RNA:DNA unwinding is dependent on Trp597 and Ile528, and on Thr145 and Arg279 that contact phosphates of the loading strand. The structural and functional data suggest a ratchet mechanism of translocation and unwinding coupled to ATP-driven domain movements.
Agabelus porcatus(Cetacea, Odontoceti) is a stingray spine (2008)

" Agabelus porcatus (Cetacea, Odontoceti) is a stingray spine." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28(1), pp. 251–252
Which model for future speech recognition systems: hidden Markov models or finite-state automata? (2002)

Representation of speech using hidden Markov models is compared with a representation based on finite-state automata. Experimental results are presented for both methods and the respective advantages and disadvantages discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Response : Analysis of Small Amounts of Fatty Acids (1958)

Article MetricsDownloadsCitationsNo data available.01JulAugSepOctNovDec20Total6 Months12 MonthsTotal number of downloads for the most recent 6 whole calendar months.
Pathogenesis and management of postprandial hyperglycemia: role of incretin-based therapies (2013)

Postprandial plasma glucose concentrations are an important contributor to glycemic control. There is evidence suggesting that postprandial hyperglycemia may be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are antidiabetic agents that predominantly reduce postprandial plasma glucose levels. DPP-4 inhibitors are associated with fewer gastrointestinal side effects than GLP-1 receptor agonists and are administered orally, unlike GLP-1 analogs, which are administered as subcutaneous injections. GLP-1 receptor agonists are somewhat more effective than DPP-4 inhibitors in reducing postprandial plasma glucose and are usually associated with significant weight loss. For these reasons, GLP-1 receptor agonists are generally preferred over DPP-4 inhibitors as part of combination treatment regimens in patients with glycated hemoglobin levels above 8.0%. This article reviews the pathogenesis of postprandial hyperglycemia, the mechanisms by which GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors reduce postprandial plasma glucose concentrations, and the results of recent clinical trials (ie, published 2008 to October 2012) that evaluated the effects of these agents on postprandial plasma glucose levels when evaluated as monotherapy compared with placebo or as add-on therapy to metformin, a sulfonylurea, or insulin. Findings from recent clinical studies suggest that both GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors could become valuable treatment options for optimizing glycemic control in patients unable to achieve glycated hemoglobin goals on basal insulin, with the added benefits of weight loss and a low risk of hypoglycemia.
Response Criteria in Oncologic Imaging: Review of Traditional and New Criteria (2013)

There has been a proliferation and divergence of imaging-based tumor-specific response criteria over the past 3 decades whose purpose is to achieve objective assessment of treatment response in oncologic clinical trials. The World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, published in 1981, were the first response criteria and made use of bidimensional measurements of tumors. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) were created in 2000 and revised in 2009. The RECIST criteria made use of unidimensional measurements and addressed several pitfalls and limitations of the original WHO criteria. Both the WHO and RECIST criteria were developed during the era of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents and are still widely used. However, treatment strategies changed over the past decade, and the limitations of using tumor size alone in patients undergoing targeted therapy (including arbitrarily determined cutoff values to categorize tumor response and progression, lack of information about changes in tumor attenuation, inability to help distinguish viable tumor from nonviable components, and inconsistency of size measurements) necessitated revision of these criteria. More recent criteria that are used for targeted therapies include the Choi response criteria for gastrointestinal stromal tumor, modified RECIST criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma, and Immune-related Response Criteria for melanoma. The Cheson criteria and Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumors make use of positron emission tomography to provide functional information and thereby help determine tumor viability. As newer therapeutic agents and approaches become available, it may be necessary to further modify existing anatomy-based response-assessment methodologies, verify promising functional imaging methods in large prospective trials, and investigate new quantitative imaging technologies.
Median nerve penetration by an anomalous tendon (2000)

Because surgery is performed frequently in this region, knowledge of anatomical variation of the median nerve at the wrist is essential. We recently observed a variation of the median nerve that has not been reported in large clinical series or cadaveric studies. 5 A previously asymptomatic 34-year-old man presented with a 1year history of weakness in the left hand and numbness of the thumb and the index and middle fingers. These symptoms developed immediately following a motor vehicle accident in which he had sustained a significant closed head injury and multiple fractures. An open left wrist fracture/dislocation was debrided, reduced, and stabilized on the day of injury and was closed with split-thickness skin grafting in a delayed manner. Because of hand and finger pain and stiffness, the function of his hand further deteriorated postoperatively. Clinical and electrodiagnostic examinations at our institution were used to confirm a longstanding complete lower median nerve lesion. At surgery, a partially transected and badly contused median nerve was identified at the proximal extent of the carpal canal. Several inches proximal to the neuroma we noted incidentally an anomalous tendon slip penetrating the middle of the median nerve (Fig. 1). The fascicular pattern of the nerve was undisturbed at this level, and there was no local irritation or inflammation. The tendinous slip originated from the fascia of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle, inserted into the palmar aponeurosis, and represented a variant palmaris longus; 3 a normal-appearing palmaris longus was also present. The median nerve traversed the carpal tunnel along with the other usual constituents (nine flexor tendons). The tendon slip was excised and tenolysis of the flexor tendons was performed. The median neuroma did not conduct a nerve action potential and was excised. Four sural nerve grafts, each measuring 2.75 in in length, were sutured from the median nerve to the various thenar and digital nerve branches. Anatomical variations of the median nerve at the wrist level are relatively common and typically involves variant branching patterns. 5 Cases of median nerve penetration by muscles 1,4 or arteries, 2 usually resulting in symptoms of nerve compression, have been reported. We report penetration of the nerve by a tendon. This case also illustrates that not all anatomical variations associated with neurological symptoms are necessarily responsible for them.
Experimental swine models for perforator flap dissection in reconstructive microsurgery (2022)

These five pig perforator flap models provide a fast and efficient learning tool to develop perforator flap harvesting skills safely. Surgical training using these five experimental models offers a similar hands-on perforator flap dissection experience as with human tissue, based on the similar sized calibers of both perforators and pedicles with their human counterparts.
Evidence for the existence of a solvation term in the mutual interaction of hydrophobic surfaces in disperse systems (2008)

The adsorption of the 2-, 3-, and 4-substituted methyl, ethyl-, and chlorophenols from aqueous solution in the presence of chiefly sodium chloride of the concentration 10−4–3 mol dm−3 onto active carbon was determined by an improved experimental device. It could be shown that for the alkylphenols the adsorption increased when going from the 2- to the 4-substituted compounds which can be explained when including water structure. For the chlorophenols the order is changed and follows the dissociation constants. In the concentration range above 0.5 mol dm−3 electrolyte the adsorption grows stronger. It is of interest that in most cases and adsorption minimum occurs at about 0.1 mol dm−3 which can obviously be ascribed to a particularly strong interfacial hydration in this region. The results suggest that hydration layers on adsorbents impede the adsorptional process.
Allenyldiene electrocyclization, a stereospecific tandem center-axis-center chirality transfer: synthesis of drimatrienes and related trans-decalins (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAllenyldiene electrocyclization, a stereospecific tandem center-axis-center chirality transfer: synthesis of drimatrienes and related trans-decalinsWilliam H. Okamura, Roland Peter, and Wolfgang ReischlCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 4, 1034–1041Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00290a047RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views936Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Efficient Regenerator Placement and Wavelength Assignment in Optical Networks (2011)

We present a novel auxiliary graph approach for optical networks regenerator placement and wavelength assignment (RPWA) problem. Simulation results show that our proposed approach outperforms other two approaches significantly.
Neuromodulation: more than a placebo effect? (2019)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
Preparation and Characterization of Some Nanometal Oxides Using Microwave Technique and Their Application to Cotton Fabrics (2015)

The objective of this paper is the synthesis of some nanometal oxides via microwave irradiation technique and their application to augment multifunctional properties of cotton fabric. Cotton fabrics containing nanometal oxides were prepared via a thiol‐modification of cotton fabric samples and then dipped into the metal salt solutions precursors and transferred to the microwave oven. The surface morphology and quantitative analysis of the obtained modified cotton fabrics containing nanometal oxides were studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with high energy dispersive X‐ray (SEM‐EDX). The shape and distribution of nanometal oxide inside the fabric samples were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy of cross‐section fabric samples. The iron oxide nanoparticles had a nanosphere with particle size diameter 15–20 nm, copper oxide nanoparticles had a nanosphere with particle size diameter 25–30 nm, and cobalt oxide nanoparticles had a nanotube‐like shape with a length of 100–150 nanometer and a diameter of ~58 nanometer, whereas the manganese oxide nanoparticles had a linear structure forming nanorods with a diameter of 50–55 nanometer and a length of 70–80 nanometers. Antibacterial activity was evaluated quantitatively against gram‐positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and gram‐negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli , UV‐protection activity was analyzed using UV‐DRS spectroscopy, and flame retardation of prepared fabric samples was evaluated according to the limiting oxygen index (LOI). Results revealed that the prepared fabric sample containing nanometal oxide possesses improved antibacterial, LOI, and UV‐absorbing efficiency. Moreover, the metal oxide nanoparticles did not leach out the fabrics by washing even after 30 laundering washing cycles.
The synthesis of isotopically labeled retinoids (1990)

Abstract Retinyl acetate ( 4a ) has been prepared with a tritium label at the C‐11 and C‐12 positions by partial reduction of oxenin ( 1 ) with tritium gas followed by acetylation and rearrangement. Specific activities of up to 40 curies/mmole have been attained. By alkaline hydrolysis, retinol ( 5 ) has been obtained and derivatized as one of several retinyl esters or has been oxidized to all‐ trans retinoic acid ( 6 ) having equally high specific tritium activities. From beta ionone ( 12 ), 13‐ cis retinoic acid ( 10 ) has been elaborated in a variety of isotopically labeled forms. A key reaction in the sequence, the Wittig coupling of the triphenylphosphonium derivative of vinyl beta ionol ( 15a‐c ) and the butenolide, 5‐hydroxy‐4‐methyl‐2(5H)‐furanone ( 8 ), provides access to 13‐ cis retinoic acid and its 4‐oxo metabolite labeled with either isotopic hydrogen or carbon.
Discussion of paper by D. Pratchayanan, J.-C. Yang, C. L. Lewis, N. Thoppey, and M. Anthamatten, entitled ‘Thermomechanical insight into the reconfiguration of Diels–Alder networks’ (2017)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Discussion of paper by D. Pratchayanan, J.-C. Yang, C. L. Lewis, N. Thoppey, and M. Anthamatten, entitled ‘Thermomechanical insight into the reconfiguration of Diels–Alder networks’. J. Rheol. 1 November 2017; 61 (6): 1369–1370. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.5008884 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Non-native macroalga may increase concentrations of Vibrio bacteria on intertidal mudflats (2014)

We investigated whether the proliferation of a non-native macroalga, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, within the mid-Atlantic coast region, USA, could be related to concentrations of Vibrio bacteria in water, sediment, and oysters on intertidal mudflats where mats of the macroalga are found. Vibrio spp. are naturally found in a range of aquatic environments; in estuaries they are recognized as being biogeochemically and ecologically important. While most species are harmless, some pathogenic species (e.g. V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus) can cause symptoms of disease in humans that range from gastrointestinal and wound infections to septicemia and death. Recent research efforts have focused on potential reservoirs and environmental conditions that can increase the incidence of human exposure to these species of bacteria. Our data indicated that V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus were commonly found on the macroalga in both summer and early fall. Summer and fall seasonal samplings indicated that mudflats with mats of G. vermiculophylla were associated with higher total Vibrio, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus concentrations of proximal water, sediment, and oysters when compared with mudflats without macroalgal coverage. In addition, of all isolates confirmed to be V. vulnificus, regardless of source, 68% were confirmed as a highly virulent genotype, which indicated the presence of pathogenic forms of Vibrio across a range of matrices within the estuarine environment.
An Ultra Wideband Antenna Based on Tightly Coupled Effect with Practical Compact Balun (2019)

An ultra wideband low-profile antenna array based on tightly coupled effect is presented. The proposed antenna array consists of tightly coupled dipoles, the size of an element is 4cm×4cm×10cm. A compact balun of microstrip line gradual changing to parallel double-strip line at both sides is designed, providing unbalanced to balanced transformation and impedance transformation. With resistive frequency select surface, the proposed antenna achieves a wide operating bandwith of 0.5GHz~11.5GHz with . To avoid cutoff effect, extra no-feeding elements are added in each row of the array.
Evidence That Cynomolgus Monkey Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Has Two Neutral Lipid Binding Sites (1995)

Two inhibitors of cynomolgus monkey cholesteryl ester transfer protein were evaluated. One, a monoclonal antibody made against purified cynomolgus monkey cholesteryl ester transfer protein, was capable of severely inhibiting triglyceride transfer, but had a variable effect on cholesteryl ester transfer. At low antibody to antigen ratios, there was what appeared to be a stoichiometric inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer, but at high antibody to antigen ratios the inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer was completely relieved, even though triglyceride transfer remained blocked. Fab fragments of the antibody had no effect whatsoever on cholesteryl ester transfer, but were capable of completely blocking triglyceride transfer. The other inhibitor, 6-chloromecuric cholesterol, severely inhibited cholesteryl ester transfer with minimal inhibition of triglyceride transfer. When both inhibitors were added to the assay, both cholesteryl ester and triglyceride transfer were inhibited; an indication that the inhibitors did not compete for the same binding site on cholesteryl ester transfer protein. When the antibody was given subcutaneously to cynomolgus monkeys at a dose which inhibited triglyceride transfer in the plasma by more than 90%, there was no detectable effect on the high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, but the HDL triglyceride levels decreased from 13 +/- 2 to 1 +/- 0 mol/mol of HDL (mean +/- S.D.); an indication that the antibody uncoupled cholesteryl ester and triglyceride transfer in vivo. The 6-chloromecuric cholesterol could not be evaluated in vivo because it is a potent lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor. The fact that cholesteryl ester transfer can be inhibited without effect on triglyceride transfer and, conversely, that triglyceride transfer can be inhibited without effect on cholesteryl ester transfer indicates that these two lipids are not transferred by a single, non-discriminatory process.
Endothelin receptors: Receptor classification, novel receptor antagonists, and potential therapeutic targets (1996)

The development of endothelin receptor antagonists has progressed rapidly since the initial discovery of endothelin. Highly potent, orally active nonpeptide endothelin receptor antagonists have been identified, and are being used as pharmacological tools to elucidate the role of endothelin in pathological disorders. Subtype selective endothelin receptor antagonists will also be useful in understanding the physiological and pathological roles of the different subtypes of the endothelin receptors. The selectivity profile for the ideal endothelin receptor antagonist is presently unknown, and it may actually be that the optimal profile for a compound may depend on the clinical indication. In the near future, data from clinical trials with endothelin receptor antagonists will become available and will help to establish the role of endothelin in the etiology of human disease, as well as to provide valuable information concerning the optimum endothelin receptor subtype selectivity for antagonists needed for therapeutic agents.
Supplemental Figure 3 from Constitutive Signaling from an Engineered IL7 Receptor Promotes Durable Tumor Elimination by Tumor-Redirected T Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 3: C7R signaling does not change phenotypic composition of GD2-CAR T-cells during culture.&lt;/p&gt;
CONTENT OF TOCOPHEROL ISOMERS IN OILSEED RADISH CULTIVARS - A SHORT REPORT (2009)

Three oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus [cv. Daikon, China Rose, and German]) cultivars from two research farms in Saskatchewan, Canada, were analysed for their tocopherol contents. The findings were compared to tocopherol levels determined in an oriental mustard, a field mustard, a canola, and an arugula cultivar. HPLC data revealed that the oilseed radish cultivars were devoid of both α- and β-tocopherol, but contained γ-tocopherol at levels similarly found in many canola varieties (i.e., 11.4 mg/100 g seed). In addition, they possessed a small content of δ-tocopherol (∼1-1.4 g/100 g seed). Application of a YMC™ Carotenoid (C 30 ) column successfully separated and allowed quantification of all tocopherol isomers using reversed-- phase HPLC with UV detection in < 15 min.