gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Generation of anti-rhEPO ScFv by using phage display technology]. (1998)

In this paper, the recombinant phage antibody techniques was used to construct, clone, screen, and express anti-rhEPO single chain antibody ScFv. The variable region genes of antibody were amplified by PCR from a hybridoma cell line D3 which secreted monoclonal antibody to rhEPO. The ScFv gene fragments were successfully cloned into phagemid vector pCANTAB5E. The recombinant phages were panned by rhEPO which was coated on a microtiter plate. After three rounds of panning, 8 clones were determined specifically binding to rhEPO antigen. The positive recombinant phagemids were extracted and transformed into non-suppressed E. coli HB2151. The soluble single chain antibody was expressed, and the specificity of the expressed ScFv was determined by ELISA. Western blot and Dot-blot. The result of SDS-PAGE indicated that the apparent molecular weight of the target peptide which is mainly in culture supernatant is 32 kD. The DNA sequence data showed that the ScFv gene included 783 bp, encoding 261 amino acids.
Cultural Conflicts and Social Movements (2014)

Abstract In this chapter we identify the ways in which culture often functions both as a seedbed for conflicts generative of social movements and as an instrument of challenge and social change. In order to understand cultural conflicts, we conceptualize the assortment of cultural elements and artifacts in a given cultural field into three main categories: products, practices, and meanings. We then identify three primary forms of social movement orientations in relation to these cultural elements as a way of systematically classifying the broad range of cultural claims and challenges advanced by movement actors: embracement, reform, and rejection. Finally, we introduce two proposed mechanisms for cultural change: cultural revitalization and fabrication. We argue that these proposed mechanisms capture the manner in which agents of social change utilize and deploy culture. We illustrate our arguments with case material on a range of social movements from across history, cultures, nationalities, and political context.
Secondary acute myeloid leukemia in children previously treated with alkylating agents, intercalating topoisomerase II inhibitors, and irradiation. (1993)

Intercalating topoisomerase II inhibitors (doxorubicin, dactinomycin), when combined with alkylating agents and irradiation, may cause secondary AML.
Stabilization and coil performance of RHQT-processed Nb/sub 3/Al conductors (2001)

A Nb/sub 3/Al superconductor based on jelly-rolled (JR) Nb/Al composites of high performance can be fabricated by rapid-heating and quenching of a wire of such composites with subsequent transformation-annealing to form the Nb/sub 3/Al phase (RHQT process). Since the conductor thereby is heated up to 2000/spl deg/C, far above the melting point of Cu, the Cu stabilizer needs to be externally incorporated by a mechanical-cladding method between quenching and annealing. Such an appropriate deformation promotes the transformation from a disordered bcc phase, and thereby enhances the critical current density J/sub c/. A solenoid coil was fabricated by a wind-and-react method: the Cu-clad conductor (1.61/sup w//spl times/0.71/sup t/ mm/sup 2/) with Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ yarn insulation was wound into a coil (19.7/40.8/sup /spl phi///spl times/49.7/sup H/ mm), transformed at 800/spl deg/C, and impregnated with beeswax. The resultant coil, while carrying a current of 179 A at 2.1 K in a superconducting back-up field of 21.2 T, generated an additional 1.3 T. The total magnetic field of 22.5 T is the highest record ever for a metallic superconducting coil.
Crystal Structure of the Protease Domain of a Heat-shock Protein HtrA from Thermotoga maritima (2003)

HtrA (high temperature requirement A), a periplasmic heat-shock protein, functions as a molecular chaperone at low temperatures, and its proteolytic activity is turned on at elevated temperatures. To investigate the mechanism of functional switch to protease, we determined the crystal structure of the NH(2)-terminal protease domain (PD) of HtrA from Thermotoga maritima, which was shown to retain both proteolytic and chaperone-like activities. Three subunits of HtrA PD compose a trimer, and multimerization architecture is similar to that found in the crystal structures of intact HtrA hexamer from Escherichia coli and human HtrA2 trimer. HtrA PD shares the same fold with chymotrypsin-like serine proteases, but it contains an additional lid that blocks access the of substrates to the active site. A corresponding lid found in E. coli HtrA is a long loop that also blocks the active site of another subunit. These results suggest that the activation of the proteolytic function of HtrA at elevated temperatures might occur by a conformational change, which includes the opening of the helical lid to expose the active site and subsequent rearrangement of a catalytic triad and an oxyanion hole.
Silicone Quaternium-22: New Silicone Technology for Premium Hair Conditioning with Additional Benefits (2009)

ilicone Quaternium-22 (Trade name: ABIL ® T Quat 60) represents a major step ahead in silicone conditioning technology. Verified by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, ABIL ® T Quat 60 shows excellent substantivity to hair due to its unique triple cationic charge. In addition to the outstanding conditioning profile, Silicone Quaternium-22 offers impressive heat protection properties, an improved color wash-fastness of dyed hair, a superior skin feel and enhanced foam properties. The excellent processability of Silicone Quaternium-22 ultimately turns it into a premium and at the same time easy to use conditioning agent.
Formulation of four katsevich algorithms in native geometry (2006)

We derive formulations of the four exact helical Katsevich algorithms in the native cylindrical detector geometry, which allow efficient implementation in modern computed tomography scanners with wide cone beam aperture. Also, we discuss some aspects of numerical implementation.
A comparative study between linear programming verification (LPV) and other verification methods (2003)

Compares our linear programming technology for software verification (LPV) with other verification systems: explicit exploration using partial order reduction (Spin) and implicit exploration using BDDs (Xeve/Esterel). The case study is a safety property of an easily-scalable problem (a bus arbiter). The results show that exploration-based methods (Spin and Xeve/Esterel) have an overall exponential complexity, restricting their use on small instances. The LPV technique, which does not rely on exploration, is the only one fast enough (quadratic complexity) to handle systems that are 50 times larger than the other techniques presented in this paper can do. Moreover, in opposition to exploration-based methods, LPV produces real proven facts that mean this technique shares some common points with theorem proving. We believe that the scale-change robustness of LPV shows that linear programming can be applied successfully to the verification of industrial systems.
MATCH-BOX: a fundamentally new algorithm for the simultaneous alignment of several protein sequences (1992)

Original algorithms for simultaneous alignment of protein sequences are presented, including sequence clustering and within- or between-groups multiple alignment. The way of matching similar regions is fundamentally new. Complete matches are formed by segments more similar than expected by random, according to a given probability limit. Any classic or user-defined score matrix can be used to express the similarity between the residues. The algorithm seeks for complete matches common to all the sequences without performing pairwise alignment and regardless of gap weighting. An automatic screening delineates all the similar regions (boxes) that may be defined for a given maximal shift between the sequences. The shift can be large enough to allow the matching of any region of a sequence with any region of another one. It can also be short and used to refine the alignment around anchor points. The algorithm provides the most likely optimal alignment and a comprehensive list of the alignment dilemma. Duality between automatism and interactivity is provided. Depending on the problem complexity, a final alignment is obtained fully automatically or requires some interactive handling to discriminate alternative pathways.
Transcriptional Bursting Explains the Noise–Versus–Mean Relationship in mRNA and Protein Levels (2016)

Recent analysis demonstrates that the HIV-1 Long Terminal Repeat (HIV LTR) promoter exhibits a range of possible transcriptional burst sizes and frequencies for any mean-expression level. However, these results have also been interpreted as demonstrating that cell-to-cell expression variability (noise) and mean are uncorrelated, a significant deviation from previous results. Here, we re-examine the available mRNA and protein abundance data for the HIV LTR and find that noise in mRNA and protein expression scales inversely with the mean along analytically predicted transcriptional burst-size manifolds. We then experimentally perturb transcriptional activity to test a prediction of the multiple burst-size model: that increasing burst frequency will cause mRNA noise to decrease along given burst-size lines as mRNA levels increase. The data show that mRNA and protein noise decrease as mean expression increases, supporting the canonical inverse correlation between noise and mean.
Contour recognition with a cooperative distributed radar sensor network (2015)

Cooperative Radar Sensor Systems operate several radar sensors with independent generation in a distributed network. Evaluating the cross-echo distances (bistatic responses), additional information about the target’s contour can be gained, as the locations of further reflection points of the target can be estimated. In this paper, a system model with several singlechannel stations is introduced, which enables to distinguish between spherical (point scatterers) and planar objects. For this model, the complete signal processing chain to process the bistatic response is presented. Criteria to distinguish between point and planar scatterers are derived from geometrical deliberations. The technique is demonstrated in a measurement setup with an arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) as the signal source for two stations. Results are discussed for varying phase noise parameters. The measurements reveal that the presented method enables contour classification of objects under strict phase noise requirements.
EM Site A.C. Magnetic Field Sources, Surveys and Solutions Part V : Solutions! (1996)

Abstract This month's installment completes our primer series on magnetic fields by defining conditions where remedial EM site shielding is in fact technically feasible and by illustrating examples of both passive and active shielding methods (or attaining lower site fields. For those readers who may have missed one or more previous articles, we have thus far presented some basic physics describing magnetic source fields [Microscopy Today, November, 1995), examined magnetic survey equipment and methods relevant to EM interference thresholds (Ml, January, 1996), and, in Part IV (“Survey Data Analysis”, MT, May, 1996), suggested techniques for interpretation of typical EM site survey data.
ChemInform Abstract: Dramatic Change of Regioselectivity in the Addition of Silylated Organolithium Reagents with Oxazolidines Induced by the Presence of a Titanium Salt. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Induction and multi-sensitive end-product repression in two converging pathways degrading aromatic substances in Pseudomonas fluorescens (1965)

1. Control of enzyme formation has been examined in the pathways degrading mandelate and p-hydroxymandelate in Pseudomonas fluorescens. 2. The first three enzymes form a group which is common to both pathways and which is co-ordinately induced or repressed. The genes controlling these enzymes are assumed to form a ;regulon'. This group of enzymes is induced by mandelate or p-hydroxymandelate and repressed by benzoate and by p-hydroxybenzoate (the immediate end products resulting from the action of this group of enzymes). 3. Repression is independently exerted by end products of enzymes controlled by succeeding regulons, i.e. by catechol, by protocatechuate and finally by succinate and acetate. 4. The pattern is repeated further along the pathway, so that benzoate oxidase (controlled by the second regulon) is repressed by its immediate end product, catechol, and again by succinate and acetate. 5. Pyrocatechase, an enzyme controlled by the third regulon, is repressed by succinate and acetate. 6. There is a parallel system of multi-sensitive repression mechanisms controlling production of the enzymes that degrade the hydroxy compounds. Again, the enzymes of each regulon are repressed by the immediate end product of their action and by the end products of each succeeding group of enzymes. 7. Repressor activity appears to be exerted by compounds that are likely to occur as such in the external environment or that occur at points of convergence of the degradative pathways of the cell. 8. The net effect of this control system, involving both induction and end-product repression, appears to be that cells will not form inducible degradative enzymes if the end products are already being supplied from without or are being produced by degradation of some alternative source of carbon and energy.
The RNA-binding Protein MEX3B Mediates Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy by Downregulating HLA-A Expression (2018)

<b>Purpose:</b> Cancer immunotherapy has shown promising clinical outcomes in many patients. However, some patients still fail to respond, and new strategies are needed to overcome resistance. The purpose of this study was to identify novel genes and understand the mechanisms that confer resistance to cancer immunotherapy.<b>Experimental Design:</b> To identify genes mediating resistance to T-cell killing, we performed an open reading frame (ORF) screen of a kinome library to study whether overexpression of a gene in patient-derived melanoma cells could inhibit their susceptibility to killing by autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL).<b>Results:</b> The RNA-binding protein MEX3B was identified as a top candidate that decreased the susceptibility of melanoma cells to killing by TILs. Further analyses of anti-PD-1-treated melanoma patient tumor samples suggested that higher <i>MEX3B</i> expression is associated with resistance to PD-1 blockade. In addition, significantly decreased levels of IFNγ were secreted from TILs incubated with MEX3B-overexpressing tumor cells. Interestingly, this phenotype was rescued upon overexpression of exogenous HLA-A2. Consistent with this, we observed decreased HLA-A expression in MEX3B-overexpressing tumor cells. Finally, luciferase reporter assays and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation assays suggest that this is due to MEX3B binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of <i>HLA-A</i> to destabilize the mRNA.<b>Conclusions:</b> MEX3B mediates resistance to cancer immunotherapy by binding to the 3' UTR of <i>HLA-A</i> to destabilize the <i>HLA-A</i> mRNA and thus downregulate HLA-A expression on the surface of tumor cells, thereby making the tumor cells unable to be recognized and killed by T cells. <i>Clin Cancer Res; 24(14); 3366-76. ©2018 AACR</i><i>See related commentary by Kalbasi and Ribas, p. 3239</i>.
Prevalence and determinants of sunburn in Queensland (2009)

Sunburn remains highly prevalent among Queensland residents particularly among men and in the younger age groups.
APICAL DOMINANCE AND THE EFFECT OF GRAVITY (1966)

Summary. The effect of orientation with respect to gravity on the accumulation of phosphorus-32 into lateral and leader apices has been investigated in seedling trees of Betula pubescens. In upright, well-branched seedlings, showing only weak apical dominance, basally injected 32P is distributed more or less equally among the lateral and leader apices. Re-orientation treatments which result in the assumption of strong dominance by a lateral apex also result in a marked accu mulation of 32P into that apex. This effect of orientation on nutrient transport is manifested within two to four days after application of the gravimorphic treat ments. The results are discussed in the light of modern concepts of hormone-directed nutrient transport and a working hypothesis for the role of gravity in apical dominance of woody plants is suggested.
Electroorganic Synthesis on Catalyst Coated Electrodes (2023)

The ultimate method for the pollution free oxidation or reduction of organic compounds on an industrial scale should involve only electrons and hydrogen or oxygen provided by water. By its nature, such a method must be electrochemical. For this reason, and others, attention has been directed in recent years to reactions involving mediators, that is, substances placed in an electrode compartment which, themselves, can carry out well understood redox reactions and then be regenerated at the electrode surface. The desirability of such systems has long been recognized by analytical chemists, and numerous reviews have appeared. The best way to attach a mediator to carbon would surely be through a covalent bond of some type. The rest of the reported work has involved the deposition of a polymer layer on the electrode surface. The ideal catalyst should be a perfectly reversible redox couple and should be stable over a very long time.
Familial Diffuse Cortical Dysplasia (1994)

Two brothers are described with a syndrome characterized by mental retardation, atypical absence, atonic and generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and bilateral symmetrical slow spike and wave discharges on electroencephalograms. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed dysplastic cortex probably representing pachygyria primarily over the parietal regions bilaterally in both patients. The presence of an identical clinical, electroencephalographic, and cortical developmental abnormality on imaging studies in these brothers suggests that a genetic mechanism may play a role in some developmental disorders of the cerebral cortex.
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Health Effects of Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals (2004)

Background: It has been suggested that a low dietary intakeofantioxidantvitaminsandmineralsincreasesthe incidence rate of cardiovascular disease and cancer. To date, however, the published results of randomized, placebo-controlled trials of supplements containing antioxidant nutrients have not provided clear evidence of a beneficialeffect.Wetestedtheefficacyofnutritionaldoses of supplementation with a combination of antioxidant vitamins and minerals in reducing the incidence of cancer and ischemic cardiovascular disease in the general population. Methods: The Supplementation en Vitamines et MinerauxAntioxydants(SU.VI.MAX)studyisarandomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled primary prevention trial. A total of 13017 French adults (7876 women aged 35-60 years and 5141 men aged 45-60 years) were included. All participants took a single daily capsule of a combination of 120 mg of ascorbic acid, 30 mg of vitamin E, 6 mg of beta carotene, 100 µg of selenium, and 20 mg of zinc, or a placebo. Median follow-up time was 7.5 years. Results: Nomajordifferencesweredetectedbetweenthe groups in total cancer incidence (267 [4.1%] for the study group vs 295 [4.5%] for the placebo group), ischemic cardiovasculardiseaseincidence(134[2.1%]vs137[2.1%]), or all-cause mortality (76 [1.2%] vs 98 [1.5%]). However, a significant interaction between sex and group effects on cancerincidencewasfound(P=.004).Sex-stratifiedanalysisshowedaprotectiveeffectofantioxidantsinmen(relative risk, 0.69 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.53-0.91]) but not in women (relative risk,1.04 [95% CI, 0.851.29]). A similar trend was observed for all-cause mortality (relative risk,0.63 [95% CI, 0.42-0.93] in men vs1.03 [95% CI, 0.64-1.63] in women; P=.11 for interaction). Conclusions: After 7.5 years, low-dose antioxidant supplementation lowered total cancer incidence and allcause mortality in men but not in women. Supplementationmaybeeffectiveinmenonlybecauseoftheirlower baseline status of certain antioxidants, especially of beta carotene.
새로운 내산성 PVA가교막을 이용한 불화에탄올 수용액과 메타크릴산 수용액의 투과증발분리 (2005)

본 연구는 에스텔화 막반응공정에 의한 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl metacrylate (TFEMA)의 생산을 위한 선행연구로, 가교된 poly(vinyl alcohol)막을 이용하여 TFEA (2,2,2-trifluoroethanol)/water과 MA (methacrylic acid)/water 혼합용액을 대상으로 투과증발특성을 연구하였다. 산 저항성을 가진 가교된 PVA막은 PVA와 EGDE를 같이 녹인 수용액을 Teflon plate 위에 캐스팅한 후 $140^{\circ}C$ 에서 열 가교시킴으로써 제조하였다. 제조된 막의 특성을 알아보기 위해 FT-IR과 팽윤도 측정을 실시하였다. TFEA/water 혼합용액에 대한 투과증발실험은 가교제인 EGDE농도와 운전온도를 변화시켜가면서 실시하였으며, MA/water 혼합용액에 대한 투과증발실험은 최적화된 PVA막을 가지고 실시하였다. 투과증발실험결과로부터 제조된 막은 TFEA와 MA의 에스테르화 반응온도인 $80^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 $96\%$ 의 TFEA 및 MA 수용액에 대해 각각 100, 900 이상의 매우 높은 물에 대한 선택도와 0.1, $0.3\;kg/m^2h$ 의 투과도를 얻을 수 있었다. 【Acid-resistant poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes connected with ethylene and ether groups were prepared via a thermal crosslinking reaction by varying the ratio of PVA to ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE). The crosslinked membranes were characterized using FT-IR and swelling tests, respectively. Pervaporation behaviors with the PVA membranes were investigated for aqueous TFEA (2,2,2-trifluoroethanol) as a function of EGDE content and operating temperature. The pervaporation properties far MA (methacrylic acid)/water mixture were also carried out with the optimized PVA membrane. The PVA membranes prepared with EGDE showed more excellent acid-resistance than those crosslinked with gluaraldehyde. The membranes showed high permeation fluxes of 0.1 and $0.3\;km^2h$ and high separation factors of 100 and 900 in the $96\;wt\%$ TFEA and MA aqueous fred mixtures at high temperature above $80^{\circ}C$ , respectively. These confirmed theses membranes could be used in esterification membrane reactor process for the production of 2,2,2-trifluoroethylmetacrylate (TFEMA).】
Image unmixing success estimation in spatially varying systems (2015)

A new Success Estimation Method (SEM) for image unmixing in spatially varying single-path mixing scenarios combining attenuation and spatial distortion, is presented. Staged Sparse Component Analysis is used for estimation of the mixing model and separation of the images. SEM, relying on the assumption of sparseness, inspired by the mask reconstruction method that is used in under-determined systems, is then introduced in order to close the loop and refine the source separation. The method is compared with previous known methods, demonstrating its superiority. An optimization scheme that utilizes the SEM as the cost function is used in order to refine the system vector of parameters and improve, in turn, the final source reconstruction.