gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14127: Gene Level Data Extraction, Integration and Comparison of Preclinical Atherosclerosis Investigations in the ApoE and LDLR Knockout Mouse Models (2021)

Introduction: Animal models are extensively used to interrogate molecular mechanisms of disease. The apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-KO) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-KO mouse models are well established preclinical models of atherosclerosis. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that integrated analysis of preclinical data will identify novel signaling pathways and regulatory networks driving atherogenesis. Comparison of findings between models may implicate model-specific mechanisms of atherosclerosis. Methods: Data were extracted from 716 ApoE KO and 422 LDLR KO manuscripts published in ATVB journal from 1995-2020. Extracted data described the impact of an experimental gene perturbation on atherosclerotic phenotypes. Impacts on plaque size and composition were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, separately for each model and as an aggregate dataset. Results: Distinct regulatory pathways and networks were identified across models and in early versus late stages of atherosclerosis. Of top networks in each model, 8/10 were inflammatory and cell growth networks in the ApoE-KO whereas 6/10 were lipid and carbohydrate metabolism networks in the LDLR-KO dataset. Integration of data identified SC-58125, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, as the top regulatory network that linked 53% (n=168) of genes implicated in atherosclerosis into a single network. Aggregate data from early atherogenesis (&lt;11 wks. high fat diet (HFD)) was enriched in inflammatory functions, whereas late atherosclerosis (14+ wks. HFD) was associated with cell growth and metabolic pathways. Conclusion: Integration of data from two genetic KO mouse models identified distinct gene programs driving atherosclerosis in each model system. Aggregation of data from two models strengthened key findings and identified novel associations. Finally, combining datasets provided greater power to identify distinct gene pathways and networks in early versus late atherosclerosis.
Do Environmental, Social, and Governance Performance Impact Firm Performance? Evidence from Indian Firms (2022)

This paper investigates the impact of individual environmental (E), social (S), and governance (G) and the overall ESG performance on the firms’ performance in Indian context. Three dimensions of a firm’s performance, i.e., operational, financial, and market performance, are measured through return on assets, return on equity, and firm value (Tobin’s Q), respectively. The study spans the period from 2012 to 2019, with NSE 500 firms as the first sample set and NSE 100 ESG enhanced index firms as the second sample set. Panel data analysis was performed with efficiency tests for the random and fixed-effects models. The study deduced that the ESG index listed firms have better operational and financial performance than the non-listed ESG firms. With the second sample set, the impact of ESG and its subcomponents’ performance on firms’ performance was examined. Overall, ESG had a positive and significant association with operational and market performance. All the subcomponents positively impact operational performance and negatively impact market performance. The impact of ESG and its subcomponents on financial performance could not be established except for the governance score. The study findings will be beneficial for investors, regulators, and corporate sustainability decision-makers in their different capacities and roles across global markets.
The phase transition in superconductors - I. Nucleation (1952)

Abstract A detailed study of ‘supercooling' in tin rods has confirmed the hypothesis that this is caused by the difficulty of forming a nucleus of the superconducting phase. The experiments show that when nucleation does occur it only happens at certain flaws in the metal, which have been proved to lie at the surface and to be between 10-4 and 10-3 cm in size. These flaws do not appear to be necessarily associated with surface conditions, impurity content, or crystal boundaries. Any handling of the specimen affects them, but simply warming it to room temperature often does not, in which case the supercooling observed in separate experiments is reproducible. The degree of supercooling ϕl defined as (H2c - H2l)/H2c, where Hl is the field at which nucleation is first possible, varies in magnitude from flaw to flaw (0⋅8 is the largest value found), but it always depends on temperature in the same way, rising as T → Tc, The supercooling can sometimes be increased by applying a high field to the specimen beforehand, indicating that some of the flaws can be temporarily destroyed by such treatment. The behaviour of the flaws can be accounted for if they are assumed to be domains where the interphase surface tension has become negative, perhaps as the result of local lattice distortion produced by dislocations. Using a simple model based on this picture the magnitude and temperature dependence of ϕl have been explained quantitatively in terms of the characteristic flaw size and the positive surface tension in the undistorted metal (as estimated from work on the intermediate state). Slight superheating (up to 1⋅5% of Hc) has also been observed.
Development and Preclinical Evaluation of Acellular Collagen Scaffolding and Autologous Artificial Connective Tissue in the Regeneration of Oral Mucosa Wounds (2009)

This work assessed wound healing response in rabbit oral lesions grafted with autologous artificial connective tissue or acellular collagen scaffolds. Autologous artificial oral connective tissue (AACT) was produced using rabbit fibroblasts and collagen I scaffolds. Before implantation, AACT grafts were assayed to demonstrate the presence of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix components, as well as the expression of characteristic genes and secretion of chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors. AACT grafts were tested in the rabbits from which the fibroblasts were obtained, whereas acellular collagen type I scaffolds (CS) were evaluated in a separate group of rabbits. In both cases, contralateral wounds closed by secondary intention were used as controls. In a separate experiment, AACT-grafted wounds were directly compared with contralateral CS-grafted wounds in the same animals. Wound contraction and histological parameters were examined to evaluate closure differences between the treatments in the three animal experiments performed. Contraction of wounds grafted with AACT and CS was significantly lower than in their controls (p < 0.05). Additionally, AACT significantly lowered wound contraction when compared with CS (p < 0.05). Intriguingly, it was observed that AACT-grafted wounds initially displayed a significantly higher (p < 0.05)-albeit transient-inflammatory response than seen in CS-grafted wounds and secondary healed wounds. This suggests that an early inflammatory component may contribute to tissue regeneration. Altogether, the results suggest that AACT- and CS-grafted wounds favor regeneration of oral mucosa.
Entanglement in continuous-variable systems: recent advances and current perspectives (2007)

We review the theory of continuous-variable entanglement with special emphasis on foundational aspects, conceptual structures, and mathematical methods. Much attention is devoted to the discussion of separability criteria and entanglement properties of Gaussian states, for their great practical relevance in applications to quantum optics and quantum information, as well as for the very clean framework that they allow for the study of the structure of nonlocal correlations. We give a self-contained introduction to phase-space and symplectic methods in the study of Gaussian states of infinite-dimensional bosonic systems. We review the most important results on the separability and distillability of Gaussian states and discuss the main properties of bipartite entanglement. These include the extremal entanglement, minimal and maximal, of two-mode mixed Gaussian states, the ordering of two-mode Gaussian states according to different measures of entanglement, the unitary (reversible) localization, and the scaling of bipartite entanglement in multimode Gaussian states. We then discuss recent advances in the understanding of entanglement sharing in multimode Gaussian states, including the proof of the monogamy inequality of distributed entanglement for all Gaussian states, and its consequences for the characterization of multipartite entanglement. We finally review recent advances and discuss possible perspectives on the qualification and quantification of entanglement in non Gaussian states, a field of research that is to a large extent yet to be explored.
Evolution of the Kallikrein Gene Family (1992)

All kallikrein-like genes that have been studied to date are composed of 5 exons and the tertiary structures of the encoded enzymes are remarkably similar. In the mouse and rat, these genes are highly conserved, tightly linked and tandemly arranged. In other species, such as the human, the family is less well defined and seems to be much smaller than that of the mouse and rat. Although extensively studied, the exact physiologic significance is not known for many kallikrein gene family members, however, they are thought to play important roles in processing biologically important peptide precursors. Given the potential importance of these mammalian enzymes as a group of highly selective peptide processing enzymes, it would be helpful to know more about the ways in which this family varies from species to species, especially with respect to the size of the family in each species. The evolutionary mechanisms which have shaped this family of genes are largely unknown, however, enough data has been generated to begin understanding the pathway by which this gene family has evolved.
Therapy decisions after diagnosis of prostate cancer in men with negative prostate MRI (2022)

Only few men with MRI negative PCa need active cancer treatment at the time of diagnosis, while the majority opts for AS. Omitting prostate biopsies and performing a follow-up MRI may be a safe alternative to reduce the number of unnecessary interventions.
Structured Video Tokens @ Ego4D PNR Temporal Localization Challenge 2022 (2022)

This technical report describes the SViT approach for the Ego4D Point of No Return (PNR) Temporal Localization Challenge. We propose a learning framework StructureViT (SViT for short), which demonstrates how utilizing the structure of a small number of images only available during training can improve a video model. SViT relies on two key insights. First, as both images and videos contain structured information, we enrich a transformer model with a set of \emph{object tokens} that can be used across images and videos. Second, the scene representations of individual frames in video should "align" with those of still images. This is achieved via a "Frame-Clip Consistency" loss, which ensures the flow of structured information between images and videos. SViT obtains strong performance on the challenge test set with 0.656 absolute temporal localization error.
Endocan in Acute Leukemia: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives (2022)

Endocan is a soluble dermatan sulfate proteoglycan expressed by endothelial cells and detected in serum/plasma. Its expression is increased in tumors/tumor vessels in several human malignancies, and high expression (high serum/plasma levels or tumor levels) has an adverse prognostic impact in several malignancies. The p14 endocan degradation product can also be detected in serum/plasma, but previous clinical studies as well as previously unpublished results presented in this review suggest that endocan and p14 endocan fragment levels reflect different biological characteristics, and the endocan levels seem to reflect the disease heterogeneity in acute leukemia better than the p14 fragment levels. Furthermore, decreased systemic endocan levels in previously immunocompetent sepsis patients are associated with later severe respiratory complications, but it is not known whether this is true also for immunocompromised acute leukemia patients. Finally, endocan is associated with increased early nonrelapse mortality in (acute leukemia) patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation, and this adverse prognostic impact seems to be independent of the adverse impact of excessive fluid overload. Systemic endocan levels may also become important to predict cytokine release syndrome after immunotherapy/haploidentical transplantation, and in the long-term follow-up of acute leukemia survivors with regard to cardiovascular risk. Therapeutic targeting of endocan is now possible, and the possible role of endocan in acute leukemia should be further investigated to clarify whether the therapeutic strategy should also be considered.
NON-LINEAR LOW-LEVEL IMAGE PROCESSING IMPROVEMENT BY A PURPOSELY INJECTION OF NOISE (2011)

International audience
Spherical Ceramic Interpositional Arthroplasty for Basal Fourth and Fifth Metatarsal Arthritis (2007)

Lateral column tarsometatarsal interpositional arthroplasty is an effective salvage operation for lateral column midfoot arthrosis and should be considered in this patient population. The use of the ceramic ball allows a technically simple procedure and rapid recovery.
Paradoxical Association of Lipoprotein Measures With Incident Atrial Fibrillation (2014)

ClinicalTrials.gov; Unique Identifier: NCT00000479.
On Comparative Performance Testing of Prechamber and Open Chamber Laser Ignition (2011)

Laser ignition is a potential ignition technology to achieve reliable lean burn ignition in high brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) internal combustion engines. The technology has the potential to increase brake thermal efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions. This submission reports on engine testing of a Caterpillar G3516C stationary natural gas fueled engine with three types of ignition approaches: (i) nonfueled electric prechamber plug with electrodes at the base of the prechamber, (ii) nonfueled laser prechamber plug with laser spark in the middle of the prechamber, and (iii) open chamber plug with laser spark in the main chamber. In the second configuration, a stock nonfueled prechamber plug was modified to incorporate a sapphire window and a focusing lens to form a laser prechamber plug. A 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was used to create laser sparks. For these tests, a single cylinder of the engine was retrofitted with the laser plug while the remaining cylinders were run with conventional electric ignition system at baseline ignition timing of 24 deg before top dead center (BTDC). The performances of the three plugs were compared in terms of indicated mean effective pressures (IMEP), mass burn fraction duration and coefficient of variation (COV) of IMEP, and COV of peak pressure location. Test data show comparable performance between electric and laser prechamber plugs, albeit with a lower degree of variability in engine’s performance for electric prechamber plug compared to the laser prechamber plug. The open chamber plug exhibited poorer variability in engine performance. All results are discussed in the context of prechamber and engine fluid mechanics.
Coating Characterization and Evaluation of Directionally Solidified CM 186 LC® and Single Crystal CMSX-4® (1996)

Hot corrosion and long-time dynamic oxidation tests were conducted on several alloy (equiaxed MM-0011 and IN738. SX CMSX-4. and DS CM186LC) and coating (Simple aluminide, Pt-aluminide, and NiCoCrAlY) combinations. The coating performance in both hot corrosion and oxidation testing was, in most cases, influenced by the substrate composition. An overlay NiCoCrAlY on either CMSX-4 or CM186LC appeared unaffected visually, but there were indications during metallographic examination that this coating substrate combination was beginning to degrade after a 1000 hour hot corrosion test. The results of the oxidation test indicated that several of the alloy/coating combinations that were superior in the hot corrosion test were inferior in oxidation. After 6000 hours of dynamic oxidation testing at 1038°C (1900°F) two of the alloy/coating combinations had not yet reached negative weight changes. Metallographic results from the oxidation test show a significant reaction layer in the CMSX-4 coated with either simple or modified aluminides or NiCoCrAlY overlay coatings.
Pulmonary Emphysema Diagnosis with a Preclinical Small-Animal X-ray Dark-Field Scatter-Contrast Scanner (2013)

http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.13122413/-/DC1.
Analysis of Impression Evaluation of Fragrances Associated with ‘<I>Omotenashi</I>’ in Elderly People using Perfumes (2020)

In this study, we used 6 different fragrances to better understand the tendency of scents to elicit a sense of omotenashi (hospitality) in elderly people. To first understand how elderly people perceive scents associated with feelings of omotenashi we performed an impression evaluation using SD method of 22 adjective pairs. We then analyzed the results taken from a questionnaire survey we conducted on 51 elderly Japanese men and women using a factor analysis, and extracted the factors that represent sensations of scents which produced a sense of omotenashi. Our subsequent examination of the main underlying factors indicated that scents with sensations of freshness, adulthood and pleasure hinted a sense of omotenashi in scents for elderly people. We also noted differences in the way the scent was perceived compared to young people.
Recurrent Neural Network Classifier for Three Layer Conceptual Network and Performance Evaluation (2009)

This article was published in JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS [© 2010 ACADEMY PUBLISHER] and the definite version is available at : http://www.jcomputers.us/vol5/jcp0501-05.pdf The article website is at: http://www.jcomputers.us/
Characterization of Chemisorbed Species and Active Adsorption Sites in Mg–Al Mixed Metal Oxides for High-Temperature CO2 Capture (2022)

Mg-Al mixed metal oxides (MMOs), derived from the decomposition of layered double hydroxides (LDHs), have been purposed as adsorbents for CO<sub>2</sub> capture of industrial plant emissions. To aid in the design and optimization of these materials for CO<sub>2</sub> capture at 200 °C, we have used a combination of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) and density functional theory (DFT) to characterize the CO<sub>2</sub> gas sorption products and determine the various sorption sites in Mg-Al MMOs. A comparison of the DFT cluster calculations with the observed <sup>13</sup>C chemical shifts of the chemisorbed products indicates that mono- and bidentate carbonates are formed at the Mg-O sites with adjacent Al substitution of an Mg atom, while the bicarbonates are formed at Mg-OH sites without adjacent Al substitution. Quantitative <sup>13</sup>C NMR shows an increase in the relative amount of strongly basic sites, where the monodentate carbonate product is formed, with increasing Al/Mg molar ratios in the MMOs. This detailed understanding of the various basic Mg-O sites presented in MMOs and the formation of the carbonate, bidentate carbonate, and bicarbonate chemisorbed species yields new insights into the mechanism of CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption at 200 °C, which can further aid in the design and capture capacity optimization of the materials.
Effects of L-malate on physical stamina and activities of enzymes related to the malate-aspartate shuttle in liver of mice (2007)

L-malate, a tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) intermediate, plays an important role in transporting NADH from cytosol to mitochondria for energy production and may be involved in the beneficial effects of improving physical stamina. In the present study, we investigated the effects of L-malate on the performance of forced swimming time and blood biochemical parameters related to fatigue - blood urea nitrogen (BUN), glucose (Glc), creatine kinase (CK),total protein (TP) and lactic acid (LA). To investigate the effects of L-malate on the malate-aspartate shuttle and energy metabolism in mice, the activities of enzymes related to the malate-aspartate shuttle were measured. L-malate was orally administered to mice continuously for 30 days using a feeding atraumatic needle. The swimming time was increased by 26.1 % and 28.5 %, respectively, in the 0.210 g/kg and 0.630 g/kg L-malate-treated group compared with the control group. There were no differences in the concentrations of Glc, BUN and TP between the L-malate-treated groups and the control groups. However, the levels of CK were significantly decreased in the L-malate-treated groups. The results predict a potential benefit of L-malate for improving physical stamina and minimizing muscle damage during swimming exercise. The activities of cytosolic and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase were significantly elevated in the L-malate-treated group compared with the control group. These enzymatic activities may be useful indicators for evaluating changes affecting the malate-aspartate shuttle and energy metabolism in the liver of mice.
Convertisseur de reequilibrage de la tension d'un reseau (1997)

Cet article traite du dimensionnement, du pilotage et de la simulation d'un convertisseur statique de rééquilibrage dynamique de la tension d'un réseau de distribution. Les sources de déséquilibre sont identifiées et les structures statiques de rééquilibrage sont décrites. Le principe du rééquilibrage consiste en une compensation des systèmes inverse et homopolaire de courants au moyen d'un onduleur de tension en modulation de largeur d'impulsion. L'identification du système inverse de courants repose sur le calcul des puissances active et réactive fluctuantes mises en jeu par la charge déséquilibrée, permettant une compensatiori en régime transitoire. Une formulation générale du dimensionnement du compensateur est proposée permettant de lier les paramètres caractéristiques du déséquilibre à la valeur des éléments constitutifs. L'asservissement des courants et la régulation de la tension de l'onduleur sont analysés. Les résultats de simulation ont permis de valider et d'affiner l'étude théorique sur la base d'un cahier des charges. Cette étude s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une opération contractuelle entre le LEEI et les Etablissements CENTRALP Automatismes.