gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inference-Based Similarity Search in Randomized Montgomery Domains for Privacy-Preserving Biometric Identification (2017)

Similarity search is essential to many important applications and often involves searching at scale on high-dimensional data based on their similarity to a query. In biometric applications, recent vulnerability studies have shown that adversarial machine learning can compromise biometric recognition systems by exploiting the biometric similarity information. Existing methods for biometric privacy protection are in general based on pairwise matching of secured biometric templates and have inherent limitations in search efficiency and scalability. In this paper, we propose an inference-based framework for privacy-preserving similarity search in Hamming space. Our approach builds on an obfuscated distance measure that can conceal Hamming distance in a dynamic interval. Such a mechanism enables us to systematically design statistically reliable methods for retrieving most likely candidates without knowing the exact distance values. We further propose to apply Montgomery multiplication for generating search indexes that can withstand adversarial similarity analysis, and show that information leakage in randomized Montgomery domains can be made negligibly small. Our experiments on public biometric datasets demonstrate that the inference-based approach can achieve a search accuracy close to the best performance possible with secure computation methods, but the associated cost is reduced by orders of magnitude compared to cryptographic primitives.
Isolation and Characterization of Thiamin Pyrophosphotransferase from Glycine max Seedlings (1980)

Thiamin:ATP pyrophosphotransferase (EC2.7.6.2) activity from soybean (Merr.) seedlings grown for 48 hours was determined by measuring the rate of [2-(14)C]thiamin incorporation into thiamin pyrophosphate. With partially purified (11-fold) enzyme, optimal activity occurred between pH 7.1 and 7.3, depending on the buffer system that was used. Assays were routinely conducted at a final pH of 8.1 in order to minimize interference from competing reactions. Enzyme activity required the presence of a divalent cation, and a number of nucleoside triphosphates proved to be active as pyrophosphate donors. Apparent K(m) values of 18.3 millimolar and 4.64 micromolar were obtained for Mg.ATP and thiamin, respectively. Among the compounds tested, pyrithiamin and thiamin pyrophosphate were most effective in inhibiting thiamin pyrophosphotransferase activity. Based on Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, soybean thiamin pyrophosphotransferase has a molecular weight of 49,000.
Mass spectrometry in structural and stereochemical problems—CLXXI: Factors governing the preferential loss of small vs. Large radicals in the α‐fission of aliphatic amines (1969)

Abstract A study of the α‐cleavage processes of aliphatic amines (using R L CH 2 N(R)CH 2 R s and R L CH(NR)R s R L represents the larger R s the smaller alkyl group throughout this paper and both, unless indicated to the contrary, have similar degrees of lsubstitution on the α‐carbon atom. as typical substrates) at several ionizing voltages indicates that the loss ratio of large and small alkyl radicals, [M  R L ]/[M  R s ], decreases with ionizing voltage. This ratio, greater than 1·0 at 70 eV, may become less than unity at low voltage (15 eV, 10 eV) in some cases. Comparison of similarly structured compounds with nitrogen or oxygen as the heteroatom suggests that the effects of ionizing voltage are lessened when the fragment is of greater stability (e.g. amine vs. ether or imine vs. ketone). The effects of lowering the ionizing voltage became much less pronounced as the alkyl groups become larger or similar in size.
A new approach to 3-D ray tracing for propagation prediction in cities (1998)

A vertical-plane-launch (VPL) technique for approximating a full three dimensional (3-D) site-specific ray trace to predict propagation effects in cities for frequencies in the 300 MHz-3-GHz band is described and its predictions are compared with measurements for Rosslyn, VA. The VPL technique employs the standard shoot and bounce method in the horizontal plane while using a deterministic approach to find the vertical displacement of the unfolded ray paths. This approximation is valid since building walls are almost always vertical. The VPL method shows significant improvement compared with the slant-plane/vertical-plane (SP/VP) method for rooftop antennas. For a base station located at street level, the VPL method gives better predictions than the two-dimensional (2-D) method in locations where propagation over buildings is significant.
Introducing djatoka (2008)

The ISO-standardized JPEG 2000 image format has started to attract significant attention. Support for the format is emerging in major consumer applications, and the cultural heritage community seriously considers it a viable format for digital preservation. So far, only commercial image servers with JPEG 2000 support have been available. They come with significant license fees and typically provide the customers with limited extensibility capabilities. Here, we introduce djatoka, an open source JPEG 2000 image server with an attractive basic feature set, and extensibility under control of the community of implementers. We describe djatoka, and point at demonstrations that feature digitized images of marvelous historical manuscripts from the collections of the British Library and the University of Ghent. We also caIl upon the community to engage in further development of djatoka.
REAL-WORLD USE OF HIGH-BEAM HEADLAMPS (2006)

Drivers in this study participated in a field operational test of two crash warning systems and were unaware that data about their high-beam use were being collected. Drivers were given instrumented vehicles to drive as their own car for periods ranging from 7 to 27 days. Most of the driving was in southeastern Michigan. The results indicate that high-beam headlamp use is low, a finding consistent with previous studies that used different methods. Combined over all drivers and all road types, high beams were used for 3.1% of the distance driven at night. Drivers used high beams most frequently on local roads, but even that use was only 8.9%. Under the most favorable conditions for high-beam use (rural roads with, no opposing or preceding vehicles), drivers used their high beams 25.4% of the nighttime distance driven. Older drivers used high beams three times more frequently than did younger drivers, suggesting that older drivers, to at least some extent, understand their visual impairment at night, and therefore take some compensatory measures. Because low beams do not provide sufficient illumination in many driving situations, the present findings imply that (1) increased high-beam use should be encouraged and (2) the use of automatic switching between high and low beams is likely to be beneficial.
Double resonant quadrature birdcage (1993)

The combined acquisition of proton images and localized spectra is considered essential to the application of NMR techniques to human and animal research. The ideal imaging/spectroscopy coil for our purposes would be one that provides the highest possible signal-to-noise, high homogeneity, and operation on two or more frequencies without retuning requirements or cable changes. To address these needs we have developed a quadrature double-tuned birdcage. We have incorporated our earlier work on the transformer coupled double-tuned surface coil into the birdcage structure by placing two birdcages in a coaxial configuration. This structure resonates at 34.6 MHz (phosphorus resonance at 2.0 T) and 85.5 MHz (proton resonance at 2.0 T). The quadrature performance of this coil for phosphorus was excellent, with a signal-to-noise that was 133% of our linear reference. The proton performance was less efficient, with a signal to noise that was 67% of our linear reference, but still quite sufficient for imaging. A phosphorus spectra and proton image of a rat abdomen are shown.
Detailed Chemical Kinetic Modeling of Methylamine in Supercritical Water (2005)

We constructed a detailed chemical kinetics model (DCKM) for the oxidation and pyrolysis of methylamine in supercritical water (400−500°C). The model contains 72 species and 603 elementary free-radical and molecular reactions. This DCKM for methylamine oxidation is the first to include peroxy radical chemistry, which becomes important at these lower temperatures. The major products from oxidation in supercritical water are predicted to be formamide, ammonia, CO2, and formic acid. The major products predicted for methylamine hydrothermolysis are ammonia, HCN, methane, water, CO2, and H2. The activation energies are predicted to be 47 and 51 kcal/mol for oxidation and thermolysis, respectively, in supercritical water. The main route for methylamine removal during oxidation is OH attack. The main route to ammonia is hydrolysis of formamide. Predictions from the DCKM, which is built upon homogeneous chemistry, are not consistent with published experimental results for either methylamine pyrolysis or oxidation in supercritical water. This inconsistency is due primarily to heterogeneous catalytic reactions occurring in the experimental system, but also to uncertainties in the homogeneous mechanism and its kinetics parameters. Reaction pathway and sensitivity analyses indicate that several of the most important elementary steps are ones with estimated kinetic parameters, due to a lack of information in the combustion literature. These modeling results highlight the need for an improved understanding of the mechanism and kinetics for organo-nitrogen chemistry during gas-phase oxidation in this low-temperature region. Additionally, they point to the need for experimental data for methylamine reactivity in supercritical water in the absence of heterogeneous reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase‐Transfer Synthesis of Optically Pure Oxetanes Obtained from 1,2, 2‐Trisubstituted 1,3‐Propanediols. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Waveguide type optical nonreciprocal devices by wafer bonding technology (2010)

The wafer bonding technology enables one to integrate dissimilar crystals like magneto-optic garnet, Si, III-V semiconductors and LiNbO 3 . Optical nonreciprocal devices are fabricated based on the wafer bonding technology.
On the mechanism of toxicity of illudins: the role of glutathione (1990)

Illudin M and illudin S, antitumor sesquiterpenes from Omphalotus illudens, have been found to react with thiols in a pH-dependent manner. The optimum pH values for reaction of illudin M with methyl thioglycolate, cysteine, and glutathione were 5.8, 5.6, and 6.1, respectively, and pseudo-first-order rate constants at 25 degrees C (10-fold excess of thiol) were 44 x 10(-3), 11.5 x 10(-3), and 11.3 x 10(-3) min-1. In all cases, thiol added to the alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone giving an unstable intermediate. Subsequent loss of the tertiary hydroxyl and opening of the cyclopropane ring afforded a stable aromatic product. The toxicity of illudin S to HL60 cells was increased by lowering glutathione levels in the cells and vice versa. General toxicity and antitumor activity of illudins are discussed in the light of these results.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Multilayers: Spin Configurations, Excitations and Giant Magnetoresistance (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A specialized fast cross-correlation for acoustical measurements using coded sequences (2006)

In acoustics applications, binary maximal-length sequences and related sequences are increasingly used for acoustics system identification tasks. A number of coded sequences, such as binary maximal-length related sequences and ternary sequences possess two-valued or pulselike autocorrelation functions. It is this correlation property that is exploited in most of acoustical applications. However, the length of some of these sequences is not directly suitable for FFT-based cross-correlation algorithms. This paper explores using standard FFTs to calculate the cross-correlation between two periodic finite-length sequences of equal length, where the lengths of the sequences are not a power of 2. We apply our specialized correlation algorithm to analyze data collected in a room-acoustic environment to simultaneously obtain impulse responses between multiple sources and multiple receivers.
Injection-Molded Solid and Microcellular Polylactide and Polylactide Nanocomposites (2007)

Microcellular injection molding is capable of producing lightweight, dimensionally stable plastic components with less material and energy. This process allows the material to be processed at lower temperatures and pressures, making it suitable for temperature-sensitive biobased plastics and/or additives. This paper presents the effects of adding montmorillonite nanoclay (Cloisite ® 20A and Cloisite ® 30B) on the mechanical properties (specific modulus, specific tensile strength, specific toughness, and strain at break) of both solid and microcellular polylactide components, as well as their effects on the cell morphology of the microcellular components. In general, the addition of nanoclay into biobased polylactide improved the specific moduli of both solid and microcellular components and facilitated the formation of smaller cell sizes and higher cell densities. Adding nanoclay also reduced the strain at break and the specific toughness of solid polylactide nanocomposite components. However, the strain at break and specific toughness of microcellular polylactide nanocomposite components were largely improved in comparison with microcellular polylactide components, especially when the loading level of the nanoclay was at 3% and 5%, presumably due to the lack of large voids, as well as the smaller cell size and higher cell density.
Biodegradation of polyethylene via complete solubilization by the action of Pseudomonas fluorescens, biosurfactant produced by Bacillus licheniformis and anionic surfactant (2017)

Abstract BACKGROUND Long hydrocarbon (∼CH 2 ) chain, absence of polar bonds and highly hydrophobic nature of polyethylene, make it one of most difficult environmental pollutants to degrade. In the present study, commercially available polyethylenes were treated with biosurfactant produced by Bacillus licheniformis , anionic surfactant and bacterially treated with Pseudomonas fluorescens in different combinations to achieve higher biodegradation. RESULTS Polyethylene was slightly oxidized by P. fluorescens in the first month and the oxidation of polyethylene induced by the biosurfactant during the second month was enhanced by the presence of lower amounts of carbonyl groups as observed in FTIR analysis. During the third month, highly oxidized polyethylene was entirely solubilized by the action of 10% SDS forming two‐layered liquid consisting of yellow oil‐like liquid as upper layer and an aqueous colourless lower layer. Biodegradable aliphatic acids, alcohols and short hydrocarbon molecules of 10–30 carbon chains were identified by GC–MS analysis in the aqueous solution. Weight loss of 7.13 ± 0.05% was also observed in polyethylene samples which were treated with SDS in the first month, then bacterially treated with P. fluorescens in the second month and finally treated with biosurfactant in the third month. CONCLUSIONS Polyethylene became biodegradable after complete solubilization in water by treating consecutively with Pseudomonas fluorescens in the first month, then with biosurfactant in the second month and finally treating with 10% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) at 60 °C for the third month. Simultaneous treatment of polyethylene with P. fluorescens , surfactant and biosurfactant has a tremendous effect on the oxidation and biodegradation of polyethylene. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Real space charge density mapping by quantitative convergent beam electron diffraction (QCBED) (2011)

C519 method to determine the surface crystallography of single crystal gold nanorods grown in the presence of Ag and found that, contrary to the current consensus, the surface facets are sparsely packed atomic planes This result has profound implications for understanding nanocrystal growth and morphology and forces a reconsideration of established theoretical models of nanoparticle growth.
Layer Number Dependence of MoS2 Photoconductivity Using Photocurrent Spectral Atomic Force Microscopic Imaging (2015)

Atomically thin MoS2 is of great interest for electronic and optoelectronic applications because of its unique two-dimensional (2D) quantum confinement; however, the scaling of optoelectronic properties of MoS2 and its junctions with metals as a function of layer number as well the spatial variation of these properties remain unaddressed. In this work, we use photocurrent spectral atomic force microscopy (PCS-AFM) to image the current (in the dark) and photocurrent (under illumination) generated between a biased PtIr tip and MoS2 nanosheets with thickness ranging between n = 1 to 20 layers. Dark current measurements in both forward and reverse bias reveal characteristic diode behavior well-described by Fowler-Nordheim tunneling with a monolayer barrier energy of 0.61 eV and an effective barrier scaling linearly with layer number. Under illumination at 600 nm, the photocurrent response shows a marked decrease for layers up to n = 4 but increasing thereafter, which we describe using a model that accounts for the linear barrier increase at low n, but increased light absorption at larger n creating a minimum at n = 4. Comparative 2D Fourier analysis of physical height and photocurrent images shows high spatial frequency spatial variations in substrate/MoS2 contact that exceed the frequencies imposed by the underlying substrates. These results should aid in the design and understanding of optoelectronic devices based on quantum confined atomically thin MoS2.
Antioxidant Flavonoid Diosmetin Is Cardioprotective in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction Induced by Beta 1-Adrenergic Receptors Activation (2023)

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common and life-threatening manifestation of ischemic heart diseases (IHD). The most important risk factor for MI is hypertension. Natural products from medicinal plants have gained considerable attention globally due to their preventive and therapeutic effects. Flavonoids have been found to be efficacious in ischemic heart diseases (IHD) by alleviating oxidative stress and beta-1 adrenergic activation, but the mechanistic link is not clear. We hypothesized that antioxidant flavonoid diosmetin is cardioprotective in a rat model of MI induced by beta 1-adrenergic receptor activation. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the cardioprotective potential of diosmetin on isoproterenol-induced MI in rats by performing lead II electrocardiography (ECG), cardiac biomarkers including troponin I (cTnI) and creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), CK-myocardial band, (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotranferase (AST) by using biolyzer 100, as well as histopathological analysis. We found that diosmetin (1 and 3 mg/kg) attenuated isoproterenol-induced elevation in the T-wave and deep Q-wave on the ECG, as well as heart-to-body weight ratio and infarction size. In addition, pretreatment with diosmetin attenuated the isoproterenol-induced increase in serum troponin I. These results demonstrate that flavonoid diosmetin may provide therapeutic benefit in myocardial infarction.
Corrosion Protection of High-Copper Aluminum Alloys Using Green Technology (1995)

Abstract The concept of surface modification as a new method of corrosion protection using chemicals without toxic problems is described for the Al alloys Al 6061, Al 7075-T6 and Al 2024-T3. In the Ce-Mo process Ce and Mo are incorporated into the original oxide film by chemical and electrochemical processes. The resulting surfaces are resistant to pitting in aggressive solutions such as 0.5 N NaCl. Surface modified Al 6013 has passed the salt spray test according to ASTM B 117. For Al 6061 and 7075, hot solutions of CeCl3 and Ce(NO3)3 are used, while for Al 2024 CeCl3 is replaced by Ce acetate. For all alloys anodic polarization is carried out in Na2MoO4. For Al 2024 and Al 7075 a Cu removal pre-treatment step is used in which Cu intermetallic compounds are removed from the outer surface layers. The resistance to localized corrosion has been evaluated by recording of impedance spectra in 0.5 N NaCl for 30 days. Surface analysis data suggest that Ce and Mo are concentrated at sites where local cathodes such as Cu intermetallic compounds are located. Polarization curves show that both the cathodic and the anodic reaction are inhibited on modified surfaces. The pitting potential Epit is increased for surface modified samples at constant corrosion potential Ecorr. This result could be due to a decrease of the amount of Cl− adsorbed at a given potential for oxide layers containing Ce and Mo.
Underwater acoustic channel estimation via complex Homotopy (2012)

Underwater acoustic (UWA) channel is typically sparse. In this paper, a complex Homotopy algorithm is presented and then applied for UWA OFDM channel estimation. Two enhancements that exploit UWA channel temporal correlation for the compressed-sensing(CS)-based channel estimators are proposed. The first one is based on a first-order Gauss-Markov (GM) model which uses the previous channel estimate to assist current one. The other is to use the recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm together with the CS algorithms to track the time-varying UWA channel. Simulation results show that the Homotopy algorithm offers faster and more accurate UWA channel estimation performance than other sparse recovery methods, and the proposed enhancements offer further performance improvement.
Benchmarking e-business security : a model and framework (2005)

\n\t\t\t\t\tThe dynamic nature of threats and vulnerabilities within the E-business environment can impede online functionality, compromise organisational or customer information, contravene security implementations and thereby undermine online customer confidence. To negate these problems, E-business security has to become proactive, by reviewing and continuously improving security to strengthen E-business security measures and policies. This can be achieved through benchmarking the security measures and policies utilised within the Ebusiness, against recognised information technology (IT) and information security (IS) security standards.&lt;br /&gt;\n\t\t\t\t
Applied Health Information Technologies - Clinical Looking Glass (2013)

Abstract : The Department of Defense/Tricare system faces significant challenges in protecting the health of nine million service members, their families, and retirees. At the same time these entities must control costs and monitor, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to its members. Clinical Looking Glass (CLG) provides actionable health care metrics on longitudinal patterns of care generated from a data repository of clinical and administrative information. Implementation of CLG on a proof-of-concept data set from the Military Health Service will allow demonstration of its effectiveness as part of the DoD s arsenal of quality of care analysis tools.