gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Special Issue on The Fifth World Congress on Computational Mechanics (2004)

Computational Mechanics is a far-reaching field, ranging from basic science over applied research to applications in a variety of engineering disciplines.It is playing a prominent role among the fields in the lead of technological progress.The adjective 'computational' in front of the noun 'mechanics' emphasizes the strong methodical component of this field, which is inseparably connected with computational mathematics and the digital computer.Equally impressive as the impact of computational mechanics on technological progress is the development of the International Association for Computational Mechanics (IACM), founded in the early 1980s.The objective of IACM, a non-governmental association, is to stimulate and promote education, research, and practice in computational mechanics, to foster the interchange of ideas among various fields contributing to computational mechanics, and to provide a forum for dissemination of knowledge about this discipline.
Living With Someone Who's Living With Bipolar Disorder: A Practical Guide for Family, Friends, and Coworkers (2010)

Preface. Introduction. Part One Understanding Bipolar Disorder. 1 What Is (and Isn t) Bipolar Disorder? 2 A Brief, Colorful History (and Some Science) of Bipolar Disorder. 3 Getting an Accurate Diagnosis. 4 Understanding Medication. 5 Understanding Psychosocial Therapies and Medical Treatment Options. Part Two Living with Your Partner. 6 Building a Support Team. 7 Bipolar Disorders and the Workplace. 8 Communication and Coping Skills. 9 Coping with Negative and Dangerous Behaviors. 10 Sex, Intimacy, and Relationship Issues. 11 Suicide Attempts, Hospitalization, and Commitment. 12 Family Matters. Appendix: Excerpts from the DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Criteria for Bipolar Disorder. Notes. Resources. About the Authors. Index.
Towards multi-tenant and interoperable monitoring of virtual machines in cloud (2012)

The advent of Cloud Computing introduced new challenges in various computer science fields and disciplines, monitoring being one of them. Due to the multi-tenant nature of Cloud environment, its size and use of massive virtualization, the current monitoring solutions are approaching their limits. Unlike some other approaches, focusing on data integration, aggregation, and abstraction, our work focuses on a virtual machine representing the primary source of monitoring information. In this paper, we propose requirements for the producer of monitoring information addressing existing issues related to monitoring data representation, storage, processing and distribution. As a proof-of-concept, conforming to these requirements, prototype of event-based monitoring daemon is presented in detail. The resulting solution allows multiple users to consume monitoring information in an extensible data format without impairing interoperability.
ChemInform Abstract: Building Photoactive Molecular‐Scale Wires (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Orthogonal 18F and 64Cu labeling of functionalized bis(thiosemicarbazonato) complexes of copper (2008)

391 Objectives: A suggested mechanism of hypoxic selectivity of copper(II) bis(thiosemicarbazone) complexes (Cu-ATSM/R) proceeds via the reduction and protonation of the complexes in cells leading to irreversible dissociation and trapping of the copper. Orthogonal labeling of either the metal 64Cu or the ligand with 18F may give valuable information into the metabolic fate of the complexes in vivo. Methods: Fluorine functionalized ligands (ATSM/PhF and ATSM/EtF) were synthesized by hydrazone coupling or Huisgen cycloaddition between a fluorinated group and either the hydrazine or propargyl functionalized bisthiosemicarbazones, and subsequently radiolabeled with 64Cu. Their 18F-labeled counterparts were synthesized by coupling of known 18F-labeled prosthetic groups (18F-4-fluorobenzaldehyde and 18F-fluoroethylazide) with the functionalized Zn complexes and further transmetalation with Cu acetate. The one-electron-reduction potentials were determined by cyclic voltammetry. Cellular uptakes and intracellular localization in HeLa cells were assessed using confocal fluorescence microscopy for Zn complexes, and radioactivity for 64Cu- and 18F-labeled ones. Results: 64Cu- and 18F-labeled fluorinated complexes were prepared for the first time in high radiochemical purity. A quasi-reversible reduction process occurs at redox potentials similar to Cu(II)-ATSM/R derivatives. Lipophilicities (logP = 1.7-2.5) were similar to the non-fluorinated compounds. Noteworthy uptake in cells was observed. Conclusions: Orthogonal labeling with 64Cu and 18F of Cu-ATSM/R complexes proved feasible. In vitro experiments give encouraging results to study ligand and metal biodistributions in vivo with PET. Research Support: DTI/Siemens/GSK
Headache Induced by Serotonergic Agonists—a Key to the Interpretation of Migraine Pathogenesis? (1997)

Serotonergic agonists such as m-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP) and fenfluramine may induce migraine attacks. This has led to opposing theories concerning the role of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) in triggering migraine attacks; is there hyperfunction or hypofunction of the central serotonergic system. Our review of the literature strongly suggests that m-CPP and fenfluramine provoke migraine attacks by stimulating, directly or indirectly, the 5HT2C/5HT2B receptors, although there is no total agreement with this interpretation. Central 5HT hypersensitivity in migraine patients, probably due to 5HT neuronal depletion, is proposed on the basis of review of electrophysiological tests and neuroendocrine challenge paradigms.
Multilayer real-time video image stabilization (2011)

In many camera-based robotics applications, stabilizing video images in real-time is often critical for successful performance. In particular vision-based navigation, localization and tracking tasks cannot be performed reliably when landmarks are blurry, poorly focused or disappear from the camera view due to strong vibrations. Thus a reliable video image stabilization system would be invaluable for these applications. This paper presents a real-time video image stabilization system (VISS) primarily developed for aerial robots. Its unique architecture combines four independent stabilization layers. Layer 1 detects vibrations via an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and performs external counter-movements with a motorized gimbal. Layer 2 damps vibrations by using mechanical devices. The internal optical image stabilization of the camera represents Layer 3, while Layer 4 filters remaining vibrations using software. VISS is low-cost and robust. It has been implemented on a ¿Photoship One¿ gimbal, using GUMBOT hardware for processing Sparkfun-IMU data (Layer 1). Lord Mount vibration isolators damp vibrations (Layer 2). Video images of Panasonic's Lumix DMCTZ5 camera are optically stabilized with Panasonic's ¿Mega O.I.S.¿ technique (Layer 3) and digitally stabilized with ¿Deshaker¿ software (Layer 4). VISS significantly improved the stability of shaky video images in a series of experiments.
Automatic Video-based Analysis of Athlete Action (2007)

Video analysis of athlete action is becoming an important tool for sports training, since it has no intervention to the athlete and there are abundant archived data it can exploit. In this paper we present our work on the automatic analysis of complex individual actions in diving video aiming at providing biometric measurements and visual tools for coaching assistant and performance improving. The main body joint angles of the athlete are automatic obtained by 2D articulated human body model fitting and shape analysis techniques. Two visual analyzing tools: motion panorama and overlay composition, which are extremely suitable for individual sports game training are presented. The encouraging experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed system.
A 60‐GHz compact mobile terminal for full‐duplex radio‐on‐fiber system (2005)

Abstract A 60‐GHz highly integrated small mobile terminal (MT) with integrated IF modem for a high‐data‐rate millimeter‐wave radio‐on‐fiber communication system is proposed and inspected by the BER and PER experiment between the access point and mobile terminal. This terminal integrates a 60‐GHz transmitter, receiver, and IF modem in one module. To minimize the volume of the mobile terminal, a microstrip line to rectangular waveguide transition, surface‐mountable three‐pole bandpass filter, successive detection‐log video amplifier (SDLVA), and DPSK demodulator are used. As the performance of this mobile terminal is confirmed by the experiment results, it can access the high‐data‐rate (155.52 Mb/s) communication network in the picocell area. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 44: 504–507, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20680
Effects of cobalt precursor on pyrolyzed carbon-supported cobalt-polypyrrole as electrocatalyst toward oxygen reduction reaction (2013)

A series of non-precious metal electrocatalysts, namely pyrolyzed carbon-supported cobalt-polypyrrole, Co-PPy-TsOH/C, are synthesized with various cobalt precursors, including cobalt acetate, cobalt nitrate, cobalt oxalate, and cobalt chloride. The catalytic performance towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is comparatively investigated with electrochemical techniques of cyclic voltammogram, rotating disk electrode and rotating ring-disk electrode. The results are analyzed and discussed employing physiochemical techniques of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma, elemental analysis, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure. It shows that the cobalt precursor plays an essential role on the synthesis process as well as microstructure and performance of the Co-PPy-TsOH/C catalysts towards ORR. Among the studied Co-PPy-TsOH/C catalysts, that prepared with cobalt acetate exhibits the best ORR performance. The crystallite/particle size of cobalt and its distribution as well as the graphitization degree of carbon in the catalyst greatly affects the catalytic performance of Co-PPy-TsOH/C towards ORR. Metallic cobalt is the main component in the active site in Co-PPy-TsOH/C for catalyzing ORR, but some other elements such as nitrogen are probably involved, too.
Genome-scale metabolic analysis of Clostridium thermocellum for bioethanol production (2010)

By incorporating genomic sequence data, network topology, and experimental measurements of enzyme activities and metabolite fluxes, we have generated a model that is reasonably accurate at predicting the cellular phenotype of C. thermocellum and establish a strong foundation for rational strain design. In addition, we are able to draw some important conclusions regarding the underlying metabolic mechanisms for observed behaviors of C. thermocellum and highlight remaining gaps in the existing genome annotations.
Using Intranet Technology in the ICU (1997)

Current information management tends to focus on patient information, although non-patient-derived information is equally important in the delivery of health care. Intranets, based on technologies derived from the global Internet and the World Wide Web, are a viable means to strategically bring nonclinical information to the point of care.
Utilisation des sous-produits industriels – Les cendres volantes - Des possibilités d'emploi très diversifiées (2010)

Les cendres volantes sont les résidus de la combustion du charbon dans les centrales thermiques. Elles apparaissent quand le charbon est broyé en une fine poussière puis calciné dans une centrale thermique. Leurs caractéristiques physiques et chimiques, comme liants ou sous forme de granulats, en font des produits très utilisés en construction routière et ferroviaire, et ce à tous les stades de la réalisation des ouvrages en terre : remblai, plate-forme supérieure des terrassements, couche de forme, assise de chaussée. Ce dossier présente de manière exhaustive les possibilités d'emploi des cendres volantes en construction, tout en détaillant le rôle que jouent ces particules sur la protection de l'environnement.
Frame loss due to buffer overflows in fast packet networks (2002)

An analytical method is derived to estimate the protocol data unit (PDU) frame loss probability as a function of buffer size when identical sources are multiplexed on a fast packet link. The generation of PDUs from each source is governed by an on-off source model, and upper and lower bounds on the frame loss probability are derived. The analysis takes into account the correlated nature of fast packet losses within a PDU due to buffer overflows. The required buffer size for a given frame loss probability is directly proportional to the expected PDU frame length, and the loss probability decreases exponentially with increasing buffer size.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Review paper: Principles and Applications of Surface Analytical Techniques at the Vascular Interface (2006)

Surface properties have been found to be one of the key parameters which cause degradation and of thrombogenicity in all polymers used in biomedical devices, thus signifying the importance and the necessity for quantitative and accurate characterization of the polymer surface itself as used in the construction of the device. The characterization techniques employed generally involve thermal and spectroscopic measurements, in which class the electrochemical investigations and scanning probe microscopies can also be included. Current hypotheses on the correlations that exist between surface parameters and hemocompatibility and degradation of polymers are examined herein, but concentrating on the field of clinically utilized polymeric materials as used within medical devices themselves. Furthermore, this review provides a brief but complete synopsis of these techniques and other emerging ones, which have proven useful in the analysis of the surface properties of polymeric materials as used in the construction of cardiovascular devices. Statements and examples are given as to how specific information can be acquired from these differing methodologies and how it aids in the design and development of new polymers for usage in biomedical device construction.
Anti-nociceptive action of peripheral mu-opioid receptors by G-beta-gamma protein-mediated inhibition of TRPM3 channels (2017)

Opioids, agonists of µ-opioid receptors (µORs), are the strongest pain killers clinically available. Their action includes a strong central component, which also causes important adverse effects. However, µORs are also found on the peripheral endings of nociceptors and their activation there produces meaningful analgesia. The cellular mechanisms downstream of peripheral µORs are not well understood. Here, we show in neurons of murine dorsal root ganglia that pro-nociceptive TRPM3 channels, present in the peripheral parts of nociceptors, are strongly inhibited by µOR activation, much more than other TRP channels in the same compartment, like TRPV1 and TRPA1. Inhibition of TRPM3 channels occurs via a short signaling cascade involving Gβγ proteins, which form a complex with TRPM3. Accordingly, activation of peripheral µORs in vivo strongly attenuates TRPM3-dependent pain. Our data establish TRPM3 inhibition as important consequence of peripheral µOR activation indicating that pharmacologically antagonizing TRPM3 may be a useful analgesic strategy.
A Novel Indirect Wollastonite Carbonation Route for CO2 Sequestration (2010)

Abstract A new CO 2 sequestration approach through indirect wollastonite carbonation is proposed to mitigate anthropogenic CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion. The wollastonite carbonation process includes three steps: (1) dissolution of wollastonite in hydrochloric acid to leach Ca 2+ from mineral matrix; (2) reaction of the resulting CaCl 2 solution with CO 2 in triisooctylamine (TIOA) at low temperature, producing CaCO 3 and an amino acid complex; (3) regeneration of the extractant and acid by backextraction through a temperature swing process and recycling to the dissolution and carbonation steps. It was found that the wollastonite dissolution rate was accelerated by hydrochloric acid and a maximum Ca 2+ dissolution extent of 95 % was obtained.
Blockchain Competition Between Miners: A Game Theoretic Perspective (2020)

We model the competition over mining resources and over several cryptocurrencies as a non-cooperative game. Leveraging results about congestion games, we establish conditions for the existence of pure Nash equilibria and provide efficient algorithms for finding such equilibria. We account for multiple system models, varying according to the way that mining resources are allocated and shared and according to the granularity at which mining puzzle complexity is adjusted. When constraints on resources are included, the resulting game is a constrained resource allocation game for which we characterize a normalized Nash equilibrium. Under the proposed models, we provide structural properties of the corresponding types of equilibrium, e.g., establishing conditions under which at most two mining infrastructures will be active or under which no miners will have incentives to mine a given cryptocurrency. Copyright Â© 2020 Altman, MenaschÃ©, Reiffers-Masson, Datar, Dhamal, Touati and El-Azouzi.
The co-evolution of the genome and epigenome in colorectal cancer (2021)

Abstract Colorectal malignancies are a leading cause of cancer death. Despite large-scale genomic efforts, DNA mutations do not fully explain malignant evolution. Here we study the co-evolution of the genome and epigenome of colorectal tumours at single-clone resolution using spatial multi-omic profiling of individual glands. We collected 1,373 samples from 30 primary cancers and 9 concomitant adenomas and generated 1,212 chromatin accessibility profiles, 527 whole-genomes and 297 whole-transcriptomes. We found positive selection for DNA mutations in chromatin modifier genes and recurrent chromatin changes in regulatory regions of cancer drivers with otherwise no mutation. Genome-wide alterations in transcription factor binding accessibility involved CTCF , downregulation of interferon, and increased accessibility for SOX and HOX , indicating developmental genes reactivation. Epigenetic aberrations were heritable, distinguishing adenomas from cancers. Mutational signature analysis showed the epigenome influencing DNA mutation accumulation. This study provides a map of (epi)genetic tumour heterogeneity, with fundamental implications for understanding colorectal cancer biology.
Screening for the early detection of breast cancer (1988)

The mortality rate of carcinoma of the breast has remained unchanged for the last 60 years. Screening by means of physical examination and mammography can significantly improve the mortality associated with this disease, but the procedures have been underutilized. Surveys indicate that among the major reasons for the failure of utilization are questions concerning efficacy, fear of radiation and costs. The amount of radiation delivered to the breast during mammography no longer poses a significant risk and there is ample documentation that screening mammography can detect occult disease. Although there is an unequivocal benefit for those older than 50 years of age, debate concerning the 40 to 50 age group continues. Objections center primarily about the expense of mammography. Current cost-cutting techniques suggest that the procedure can be justified for all women older than 40 years.
Model order selection criterion with application to physical systems (2010)

In this paper, it is shown that poles of the discrete-time equivalent of continuous system will lie in the right-half of the complex plane if the sampling rate is chosen to be more than twice the Nyquist rate. This new criterion allows for a quick and reliable separation between the system's poles and any extraneous poles emanating from a variety of artifacts such as high frequency noise and nonlinearities in the system. The system is identified for different model orders and only those for which the poles lie in the right-half plane are chosen. Then using a conventional scheme such as Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), the correct order is chosen from the selected model set. The proposed model order selection criterion has been evaluated on a physical system.
Intermediate band solar cells: Recent progress and future directions (2015)

Extensive literature and publications on intermediate band solar cells (IBSCs) are reviewed. A detailed discussion is given on the thermodynamics of solar energy conversion in IBSCs, the device physics, and the carrier dynamics processes with a particular emphasis on the two-step inter-subband absorption/recombination processes that are of paramount importance in a successful implementation high-efficiency IBSC. The experimental solar cell performance is further discussed, which has been recently demonstrated by using highly mismatched alloys and high-density quantum dot arrays and superlattice. IBSCs having widely different structures, materials, and spectral responses are also covered, as is the optimization of device parameters to achieve maximum performance.
3D Skin Texture Analysis: A Neural Network and Photometric Stereo Perspective (2012)

Cancerous skin lesions often exhibit irregular and non-axisymmetric morphologies and 3D textures, which are difficult to detect using existing techniques. Consequently, this paper describes the employment of a novel technique incorporating Multilayer perceptron (MLP) Neural Network (NN) and photometric stereo (PS) techniques for the analysis of complex lesions. The analyses of surface normal data (tilt and slant angles), for measurement of the degree of 3D skin surface disruption can provide potentially useful indicators for melanoma. Here this was achieved by replacing the axisymmetric 3D hemispherical profile with NN models of irregular lesion morphologies. PS was used to recover surface data and a NN was used to model the underlying forms of complex morphologies and irregular 3D textures. Initially, application of the method to three types of lesion resulted in an average difference (in slant angle) between the NN output and the actual surface normal of: 1.02, 2.11 and 2.86 degrees for axisymmetric, irregular and complex lesions, respectively. The proposed method performance was significantly better when compared to other methods. The experimental study performed shows the effectiveness of the proposed method, with ROC area under the curve of 84% to 88%.