gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
79 DEVELOPMENT TO TERM OF RAT ZYGOTES DERIVED FROM CRYOPRESERVED MATURE OOCYTES AND SPERM THROUGH INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION (2007)

The rat, as well as the mouse, is one of the most valuable experimental animals for biomedical and physiological research. There are numerous valuable mutant rats including transgenetic strains. Cryopreservation of rat oocytes and sperm as haploid germ cells is a key technology for banking the genetic resources efficiently. The aim of the present study was to examine survival of vitrified/warmed oocytes and developmental competence of resultant zygotes in the rat. Rats used in the present study were all Wistar rats. Epididymal spermatozoa were frozen as described previously (Seita et al . 2005 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 18, 256). After thawing, spermatozoa were sonicated to obtain sperm heads for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Oocytes were collected from immature females superovulated with eCG and hCG. Oocytes were equilibrated in 7.5% (v/v) ethylene glycol (EG) + 7.5% (v/v) dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) + 20% (v/v) FCS in PB1 for 5 min and then transferred into 15.0% EG (v/v) + 15.0% DMSO (v/v) + 20% FCS + 0.5 m sucrose in PB1 (vitrification solution) for 1 min at room temperature (22–24°C). During exposure to the vitrification solution, oocytes were loaded on a Cryotop® (Kitazato Supply Co., Tokyo, Japan). At warming, the film of Cryotop was directly immersed into PB1 containing 0.5 m sucrose and 20% FCS at 37.5°C. The warmed oocytes were washed three times and put into a HEPES-buffered (22 mm) modified R1ECM (310 mOsm) medium. The sperm heads were microinjected intracytoplasmically into the warmed oocytes. Then, presumptive zygotes were transferred surgically into the oviducts of recipient females (Day 0), and Caesarean section of the recipients was performed on Day 22. After vitrification and warming, 245 of 275 (88%) oocytes survived morphologically, 240 of the warmed oocytes were injected, and 156 oocytes (65%) were morphologically normal after the injection. To confirm development to term of zygotes derived from cryopreserved oocytes and sperm, 143 injected oocytes were transferred to 9 recipients, resulting in 3 pregnancies and the generation of one live pup. The results indicate that rat zygotes derived from cryopreserved oocytes and sperm through ICSI can develop to term, and full developmental competence can be preserved in rat oocytes after cryopreservation.
Correction to: Concordance analysis of microarray studies identifies representative gene expression changes in Parkinson's disease: A comparison of 33 human and animal studies (BMC Neurology (2017) 17 (58) DOI: 10.1186/s12883-017-0838-x) (2019)

© 2019 The Author(s). Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported the following errors on their article. 1) In Table 1, the 'Average concordance of expression signatures' of the 'Basal ganglia' should be 0.11' instead of 0.10. 2) The rightmost bar in Fig. 2 should be 0.21 instead of 0.29. Below is the correct version of the figure.
High-Temperature Performance of UNS N07718 Processed by Additive Manufacturing (2014)

Abstract The effect of processing, microstructure and composition on the oxidation behavior and mechanical properties of UNS(1) N07718 fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM) using the electron beam melting (EBM) process was evaluated and compared with properties of wrought UNS N07718. Material was evaluated in three conditions: 1) as-fabricated, 2) following hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and 3) following HIP and a standard 2-stage heat treatment. The EBM processing resulted in a texture in the build direction and the microstructure consists of three typical precipitates in each condition: L12 structured γ′ Ni3(Al,Ti), disc-like DO22 structured γ″ and δ-Ni3Nb. Tensile properties were measured at room temperature and 650 °C. With only HIP, a lower yield stress and higher elongation were measured. However, the as-fabricated and HIP + heat treated conditions led to tensile properties that are comparable to wrought UNS N07718. Oxidation testing was performed in wet air and processing was shown to have little effect on the behavior at 650° and 700 °C for 1,000 h. Differences were observed in accelerated testing at 750 °C with a thicker oxide formed on the EBM UNS N07718. In general, the EBM processing appeared to have only minor effects on oxidation behavior.
Increasing the Operation Window for Drilling Risers on DP Vessels by Monitoring Riser Angles (2012)

Drilling operations are taking place in ever deeper waters and harsher environments using dynamically positioned (DP) vessels. A DP control system maintains the vessel in a fixed position or pre-determined track exclusively by means of active thrusters based on measured position from satellites and hydroacoustics. In particular, two failure scenarios are critical for safe DP operations: drift-off with loss of thrust and drive-off with unstable thruster usage. For drilling operations; ensuring safe emergency disconnect (ESD) when needed and avoiding unnecessary disconnecting when not needed, both the drilling riser behavior and the vessel offsets are of main concern. Concerning the time required to correctly decide and execute ESD drive-off is considered as most critical. It is important to ensure safe operations, maximize operability and avoid disconnection of the riser as far as possible. In this paper we will investigate riser and vessel dynamics during drive-off in order to increase the operation window that is normally defined from quasi-static considerations. Our analyses show that the traditional limits for vessel offset might be too conservative, and that more realistic criteria can be found by taking riser dynamics during transition into account.
Decrease in the reaction of DNA repair synthesis in response to nicotinamide or 3-aminobenzamide in ultraviolet irradiated systemic lupus erythematosus lymphocytes. (1985)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) lymphocytes failed to accelerate ultraviolet (UV) induced DNA repair synthesis normally observed following inhibition of poly(adenosine diphosphoribose) polymerization. Without inhibitors of poly(adenosine diphosphoribose) polymerase such as nicotinamide or 3-aminobenzamide, DNA repair synthesis following UV irradiation was found to occur normally in the cells of patients. These data suggest that DNA repair is disturbed under special conditions in the lymphocytes of SLE patients.
Computational implementation of a systems prioritization methodology for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant: A preliminary example (1996)

A systems prioritization methodology (SPM) is under development to provide guidance to the US DOE on experimental programs and design modifications to be supported in the development of a successful licensing application for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) for the geologic disposal of transuranic (TRU) waste. The purpose of the SPM is to determine the probabilities that the implementation of different combinations of experimental programs and design modifications, referred to as activity sets, will lead to compliance. Appropriate tradeoffs between compliance probability, implementation cost and implementation time can then be made in the selection of the activity set to be supported in the development of a licensing application. Descriptions are given for the conceptual structure of the SPM and the manner in which this structure determines the computational implementation of an example SPM application. Due to the sophisticated structure of the SPM and the computational demands of many of its components, the overall computational structure must be organized carefully to provide the compliance probabilities for the large number of activity sets under consideration at an acceptable computational cost. Conceptually, the determination of each compliance probability is equivalent to a large numerical integration problem. 96 refs., 31 figs., 36 tabs.
Pluripotency state of mouse ES cells determines their contribution to self-organized layer formation by mesh closure on microstructured adhesion-limiting substrates (2021)

Assembly of pluripotent stem cells to initiate self-organized tissue formation on engineered scaffolds is an important process in stem cell engineering. Pluripotent stem cells are known to exist in diverse pluripotency states, with heterogeneous subpopulations exhibiting differential gene expression levels, but how such diverse pluripotency states orchestrate tissue formation is still an unrevealed question. In this study, using microstructured adhesion-limiting substrates, we aimed to clarify the contribution to self-organized layer formation by mouse embryonic stem cells in different pluripotency states: ground and naïve state. We found that while ground state cells as well as sorted REX1-high expression cells formed discontinuous cell layers with limited lateral spread, naïve state cells could successfully self-organize to form a continuous layer by progressive mesh closure within 3 days. Using sequential immunofluorescence microscopy to examine the mesh closure process, we found that KRT8+ cells were particularly localized around unfilled holes, occasionally bridging the holes in a manner suggestive of their role in the closure process. These results highlight that compared with ground state cells, naïve state cells possess a higher capability to contribute to self-organized layer formation by mesh closure. Thus, this study provides insights with implications for the application of stem cells in scaffold-based tissue engineering.
Selective targeting of BD1 and BD2 of the BET proteins in cancer and immunoinflammation (2020)

The two tandem bromodomains of the BET (bromodomain and extraterminal domain) proteins enable chromatin binding to facilitate transcription. Drugs that inhibit both bromodomains equally have shown efficacy in certain malignant and inflammatory conditions. To explore the individual functional contributions of the first (BD1) and second (BD2) bromodomains in biology and therapy, we developed selective BD1 and BD2 inhibitors. We found that steady-state gene expression primarily requires BD1, whereas the rapid increase of gene expression induced by inflammatory stimuli requires both BD1 and BD2 of all BET proteins. BD1 inhibitors phenocopied the effects of pan-BET inhibitors in cancer models, whereas BD2 inhibitors were predominantly effective in models of inflammatory and autoimmune disease. These insights into the differential requirement of BD1 and BD2 for the maintenance and induction of gene expression may guide future BET-targeted therapies.
Targeting OX40 Promotes Lung-Resident Memory CD8 T Cell Populations That Protect against Respiratory Poxvirus Infection (2011)

One goal of vaccination is to promote development of mucosal effector cells that can immediately respond to peripheral infection. This is especially important for protection against viruses that enter the host through the respiratory tract. We show that targeting the OX40 costimulatory receptor (CD134) strongly promotes mucosal memory in the CD8 T cell compartment. Systemic injection of an agonist antibody to OX40 strongly enhanced development of polyfunctional effector CD8 T cells that were induced after intraperitoneal infection with a highly virulent strain of vaccinia virus. These cells were located in lymphoid organs and also the lung, and importantly, long-term memory CD8 T cells were maintained in the lung over 1 year. Anti-OX40 also boosted memory development when mice were vaccinated subcutaneously with viral peptide. These CD8 T cells were sufficient to provide protection from lethal respiratory infection with live vaccinia virus independent of CD4 T cells and antibody. Again, the CD8 T cell populations that were induced after secondary infection displayed polyfunctionality and were maintained in the lung for over a year. These data suggest that agonists to the OX40 costimulatory receptor represent potential candidates for incorporation into vaccines for respiratory viruses.
Mapping Anti-phase Domains by Polarity Sensitive Orientation Imaging Using Electron Backscatter Diffraction (2017)

Journal Article Mapping Anti-phase Domains by Polarity Sensitive Orientation Imaging Using Electron Backscatter Diffraction Get access G Naresh-Kumar, G Naresh-Kumar Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S Vespucci, S Vespucci Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A Vilalta-Clemente, A Vilalta-Clemente Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H Jussila, H Jussila Department of Micro and Nanosciences, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A Winkelmann, A Winkelmann Bruker Nano GmbH, Am Studio 2D, Berlin, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G Nolze, G Nolze BAM, Unter den Eichen 87, Berlin, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S Nagarajan, S Nagarajan Department of Micro and Nanosciences, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A J Wilkinson, A J Wilkinson Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C Trager-Cowan C Trager-Cowan Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 23, Issue S1, 1 July 2017, Pages 1522–1523, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927617008273 Published: 04 August 2017
Impairment of Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Rat Aortas by Homocysteine Thiolactone and Attenuation by Captopril (2007)

To explore the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on endothelial dysfunction induced by homocysteine thiolactone (HTL). Both endothelium-dependent relaxation and nondependent relaxation of thoracic aortic rings in rats induced by acetylcholine (Ach) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and biochemical parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured in rat isolated aorta. Exposure of aortic rings to HTL (3 to 30 mM) for 90 minutes made a significant inhibition of endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by Ach, decreased contents of NO, and increased MDA concentration in aortic tissue. After incubation of aortic rings with captopril (0.003 to 0.03 mM) attenuated the inhibition of endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) and significantly resisted the decrease of NO content and elevation of MDA concentration caused by HTL (30 mmol/L) in aortic tissues, a similarly protective effect was observed when the aortic rings were incubated with both N-acetylcysteine (0.05 mM). Treatment with enalaprilat (0.003 to 0.01 mM) made no significant difference with the HTL (30 mM) group regarding EDR, but enalaprilat (0.03 mM) and losartan (0.03 mM) could partly restore the EDR in response to HTL (30 mM). Captopril was more effective than enalaprilat and losartan in attenuation of the inhibition of on acetylcholine-stimulated aortic relaxation by HTL in the same concentration. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD, 200 U/mL), which is a scavenger of superoxide anions, apocynin (0.03 mM), which is an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, and l-Arginine (3 mmol/L), a precursor of nitric oxide (NO), could reduce HTL (30 mM)-induced inhibition of EDR. After pretreatment with not only the NO synthase inhibitor Nomega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 0.01 mM) but also the free sulfhydryl group blocking agent p-hydroxymercurybenzoate (PHMB, 0.05 mM) could abolish the protection of captopril and N-acetylcysteine, respectively. These results suggest that mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction induced by HTL may include the decrease of NO and the generation of oxygen free radicals and that captopril can restore the inhibition of EDR induced by HTL in isolated rat aorta, which may be related to scavenging oxygen free radicals and may be sulfhydryl-dependent.
Effective self-training for parsing (2006)

We present a simple, but surprisingly effective, method of self-training a twophase parser-reranker system using readily available unlabeled data. We show that this type of bootstrapping is possible for parsing when the bootstrapped parses are processed by a discriminative reranker. Our improved model achieves an f -score of 92.1%, an absolute 1.1% improvement (12% error reduction) over the previous best result for Wall Street Journal parsing. Finally, we provide some analysis to better understand the phenomenon.
CD45RB-targeting strategies for promoting long-term allograft survival and preventingchronic allograft vasculopathy1 (2003)

CD45RB-targeting strategy in combination with the use of rapamycin or costimulatory blockade promotes allograft tolerance and prevents chronic rejection.
Frequency Selective Surfaces for Reduced Specular Reflection under Oblique Incidence at 240 GHz (2023)

As the alignment of a feed antenna to a steerable reflectarray becomes increasingly complicated at upper mm-wave frequencies, illuminating the structure from the far field is desirable. Simultaneously, the required fabrication precision makes large arrays expensive, effectively limiting the size. Consequently, spill-over feed radiation results in specular reflections, degrading the array’s far-field pattern. To mitigate these undesired reflections, planar periodic structures can be employed to implement spatial filtering. Three designs that reduce specular reflections of a planar surface, caused by an obliquely-incident wave at 240 GHz, are proposed. Additional to standard evaluation of the absorptivity per unit cell, this paper examines the suppression mechanism by studying the scattered far field of size-limited structures. To verify each design, the frequency dependency of the specular reflection and the far-field pattern of a small array are measured. In accordance with simulations, two polarization-maintaining variants feature 10 dB attenuation, whereas a mode-converting design achieves 23 dB.
Functional organization and nucleotide sequence of the Bacillus subtilis pyrimidine biosynthetic operon (1991)

A 12.5-kilobase segment of Bacillus subtilis chromosomal DNA containing the entire pyrimidine biosynthetic (pyr) gene cluster has been cloned and sequenced. The sequenced DNA has seven cistrons encoding the six enzymes of de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis and two open reading frames of unknown function. Based on the sequence and mapping of transcripts, the genes in this cluster appear to be transcribed on one large polycistronic message in the order ORF1, pyrB, pyrC, pyrAA, pyrAB, ORF2, pyrD, pyrF, pyrE. The deduced amino acid sequences for six pyrimidine biosynthetic enzymes from B. subtilis and comparisons with the corresponding sequences from numerous other species are presented. The 3' ends of the reading frames overlap the 5' ends of the downstream open reading frames for all cistrons in the cluster except ORF1 and pyrB, which are separated by a 145-base pair intercistronic region. The start of transcription was mapped by primer extension to a G residue 158 nucleotides upstream from the translation initiation codon of ORF1. This site is preceded by a typical B. subtilis sigma A-dependent promoter. A promoter indicator plasmid was used to show that this region carried a promoter from which transcription was regulated by pyrimidines. Transcription from this promoter was not detected in primer extension experiments using mRNA prepared from B. subtilis cells grown in the presence of excess uracil. No transcripts initiating from the intercistronic space between ORF1 and pyrB were detected with S1 nuclease mapping; however, a transcription terminator was detected in this region that reduced but did not fully block transcriptional readthrough. This terminator was not regulated by pyrimidines in the growth medium under the conditions tested. The region immediately following the promoter and 5' to ORF1 has a potential transcription terminator sequence. The roles, if any, of these transcription terminators in the regulation of pyr operon expression are yet to be determined. However, deletion of the terminator immediately following the promoter abolished pyrimidine regulation of transcription in the indicator plasmid.
Binäre Tellur(IV)‐azide: Te(N3)4 und [Te(N3)5]− (2003)

Brisantes Material: Beschrieben wird die Synthese von Te(N3)4 in Form eines extrem stoßempfindlichen Festkörpers aus TeF4 und Me3SiN3 sowie die Azidierung des Pentafluorotellurat(IV)- zum Pentaazidotellurat(IV)-Anion. Die Struktur einzelner, durch Te⋅⋅⋅N-Wechselwirkungen verbundener [Te(N3)5]−-Einheiten im Pyridiniumsalz [pyH][Te(N3)5] weicht deutlich von der idealen quadratisch-planaren Symmetrie ab (siehe Bild).
Long-offset transient electromagnetic (LOTEM) depth soundings applied to crustal studies in the Black Forest and Swabian Alb, Federal Republic of Germany (1990)

Abstract The long-offset transient electromagnetics (LOTEM) sounding method is a valuable complementary technique for deep seismic exploration as applied to earth crustal investigations. During 1986, two LOTEM surveys were conducted to augment completed seismic investigations for crustal studies in southern West Germany, east of the Rhine graben. Our studies were motivated by the geoscientific activities within the framework of the German Continental Deep Drilling (KTB) project. The survey objectives were (1) to determine the applicability of the LOTEM method to crustal geophysics, (2) to investigate the correlation of resistivity anomalies with velocity anomalies, and (3) to confirm the method and interpretation in an area of known geology with existing geophysical data.The Black Forest and the Urach geothermal area survey results exhibit conductive features in the upper 10 km of the crust which were not previously defined by other geophysical data. Importantly, the results demonstrate a very strong correlation of a low-velocity zone with low electrical resistivity at 5 to 7 km depth within the crystalline basement at both locations.
Microwave response of a two-dimensional electron stripe (2005)

Electromagnetic response of a finite-width two-dimensional electron stripe is theoretically studied. It is shown that retardation and radiative effects substantially modify the absorption spectrum of the system at microwave frequencies, leading to a nontrivial zigzag behavior of the magnetoplasmon-polariton modes in magnetic fields, similar to that recently observed by Kukushkin et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 156801 (2003)].
Relationship between the Scavenging Coefficient for Pollutants in Precipitation and the Radar Reflectivity Factor. Part I: Derivation (1999)

The relation between the scavenging coefficient Λ (s−1) for air pollutants in precipitation and the radar reflectivity factor Z (mm6 m−3) is based on the fact that they are both functions of the hydrometeor size distribution. In this paper, which combines the fields of air pollution physics, cloud physics, and radar meteorology, Λ–Z relationships are derived analytically for below-cloud gaseous and particulate pollutants and, with certain restrictions, for pollutants incorporated into cloud droplets. For the types of precipitation and pollutant considered, it can be shown that Λ ≈ aZb, where the coefficient a has an order of magnitude of 10−7–10−6 for submicron aerosol particles, 10−6–10−5 for highly soluble gases, and 10−5 for pollutants in cloud droplets. In stratiform rain the exponent b ranges between about 0.4 and 0.6, so that an increase of Z by a factor of 10 approximately corresponds to a twofold to fourfold increase in Λ. In snowfall, mainly due to the diversity of solid hydrometeors, the value of b may vary more considerably but probably is somewhat smaller than in rain. Because weather radar estimates the spatial distribution of Z essentially in real time, Λ–Z relationships can be used to monitor and nowcast those areas most significantly exposed to wet deposition.