gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Permanent Magnet Assemblies Using Genetic Algorithms (2011)

This paper describes the utilization of genetic algorithms to optimize the topology of assemblies of permanent magnets. Conventional genetic algorithms are modified to employ pixel refinement to improve the computational efficiency of the optimization process. An example case is demonstrated for optimizing the figure of merit of a permanent magnet dipole. By using only four magnetization directions, a figure of merit value of 0.11 is achieved using the proposed optimization method.
Microfluidic synthesis and post processing of non-spherical polymeric microparticles (2011)

Monodisperse spherical and non-spherical particles as well as their suspensions have diverse applications in optoelectronics, photonics, abrasives, catalysis, drug delivery, and field responsive rheological fluids. The synthesis of highly monodisperse particles with tunable functionalities has been a great challenge. Microfluidics technology, however, presents an attractive approach to synthesizing monodisperse non-spherical particles with tunable functionalities for application breakthroughs. The microfluidics method, described in a previous study, uses a UV-curable prepolymer with an appropriate photo-initiator. The prepolymer solution passes through a microfluidic channel positioned on a microscope stage, and a microscope objective focuses UV light that is launched into the microfluidic channel. A photo mask patterned with transparent geometric features that define the shape of the particles masks the UV light to synthesize micron sized organic particles. Typically, particles synthesized using this method remain suspended. However, this study describes post-processing methods that allow the recovery of high fidelity, solvent-free particles. Particles in cubic, tetragonal and cylindrical shapes as well as those in pentagonal, hexagonal and triangular cross sections with a size range of ~40–130 μm were synthesized and collected. Then, they were characterized using electron microscopy and image processing to demonstrate the efficacy of the post processing techniques described.
High-Precision PLL Delay Matrix With Overclocking and Double Data Rate for Accurate FPGA Time-to-Digital Converters (2020)

An extremely high-resolution, 2-D Vernier field-programmable gate array (FPGA) time-to-digital converter (TDC) with phase wrapping and averaging has been proposed recently to get an extremely fine resolution of 2.5 ps. However, the cell delays in a delay matrix are not fully controlled so that the TDC performance strongly depends on the stochastic distribution of cell delays, and the input range is limited to less than 20 ns. To achieve both high-precision phase division and wide measurement range, a phase-locked loop (PLL)-based delay matrix, which is capable of overclocking and double data rate (DDR), is proposed in this article. All delay cells are under the precise control of PLLs to generate output phases evenly divided within the reference clock period. For a concept proof, the TDC architecture is implemented on an Altera Stratix-IV FPGA chip to achieve 15.6-ps resolution. The differential nonlinearity (DNL), integral nonlinearity (INL), and rms resolution are measured to be merely -0.157 to 0.137 LSB, -0.176 to 0.184 LSB, and 1.0 LSB, which prove the superiority of the proposed structure to its stochastic counterparts. The proposed high-precision phase division technique can be applied to not only the TDC but also the digital-to-time converter (DTC) to enrich its future applications.
Temperature dependent geminal P–P coupling constants (1969)

The geminal P–P coupling constant increases by more than 90 Hz. as the temperature is decreased from 0 to –120° in PF2SPF2; equally large percentage variations in 2JPP have been observed in bis(phosphino)silanes and germanes.
Estimating the ad hoc horizon for TCP over IEEE 802.11 networks (2004)

In this paper we explore the hypothesis of -In this paper we explore the hypothesis of an "ad hoc horizon" for wireless multihop networks. This horizon is defined in terms of number of nodes and number of hops beyond which TCP based network services are not useful anymore. We show that with IEEE 802.11 this horizon is as narrow as 2 to 3 hops and approximately 15 nodes. Our results are obtained through simulations by choosing optimal settings (e.g., enabeling link layer feedback but no mobility) and focusing on worst case figures. The main reason for this horizon to form is TCP capture. We suggest that only combined efforts on MAC, routing and TCP level will permit to extend this limit, which can serve as a benchmark for future proposals. The ad hoc horizon also defines a narrow target size for the design of ad hoc routing protocols.
Myoelectric Activity of an Heal Isoperistaltic or Antiperistaltic Loop Interposed between Colon and Rectum: An Experimental Study in Pigs (1993)

The myoelectric activity of 25-30 cm ileal loops interposed isoperistaltically or antiperistaltically between colon and rectum was investigated 1-3 and 20-22 weeks after surgery, in growing pigs chronically fitted with intraparietal electrodes on the loop and the ileum. The fundamental motor profile of the small intestine consisting of migrating myoelectric complexes (MMC) was present on both loops; the MMCs were propagated on the antiperistaltic loop in the original anatomical direction. There was no coordination between the occurrence of phase 3 on the loop and the ileum. Some minor differences concerning the duration, the frequency and the velocity of propagation of phase 3 were observed between the loops and the ileum. Moreover propagated clusters of spike bursts and propagated long duration spike bursts appeared on the isoperistaltic and antiperistaltic loop, respectively, but not on the ileum. No prominent differences in the motor profiles of the loops have been observed between 1-3 and 20-22 weeks after surgery. It is concluded that despite the presence of semisolid contents with an abundant microflora the fundamental intestinal motor profile persists in ileal loops interposed between colon and rectum.
The difference-bit cache (1996)

The difference-bit cache is a two-way set-associative cache with an access time that is smaller than that of a conventional one and close or equal to that of a direct-mapped cache. This is achieved by noticing that the two tags for a set have to differ at least by one bit and by using this bit to select the way. In contrast with previous approaches that predict the way and have two types of hits (primary of one cycle and secondary of two to four cycles), all hits of the difference-bit cache are of one cycle. The evaluation of the access time of our cache organization has been performed using a recently proposed on-chip cache access model.
Sensitivity of reliability of logic gates (2017)

Ever-shrinking dimensions of transistors in CMOS have caused the failure rates/probabilities to increase dramatically. Monte Carlo simulations are one way of estimation the failure probabilities, however, such simulations tend to be very time-consuming. A much speedier alternative is to use models for the estimation. This paper presents a method for creating the mathematical models for the probabilities of failures of CMOS logic gates/blocks. The models of five common gates are included, i.e., NAND3, NAND4, NOR3, NOR4 and OAI22. The models can also be used to study the sensitivity of the gates' failures to their individual transistors' failures. The presented technique is applicable to larger logic cells such as 28-transistor full-adders, etc. The given models are anticipated to be useful for Pareto-optimization of logic blocks, for instance, power-and-reliability, performance-and-reliability etc.
Lgr5+ telocytes are a signaling hub at the intestinal villus tip (2019)

Abstract The intestinal epithelium is a structured organ composed of crypts harboring Lgr5+ stem cells, and villi harboring differentiated cells. Spatial transcriptomics have demonstrated profound zonation of epithelial gene expression along the villus axis, but the mechanisms shaping this spatial variability are unknown. Here, we combined laser capture micro-dissection and single cell RNA sequencing to uncover spatially zonated populations of mesenchymal cells along the crypt-villus axis. These included villus tip telocytes (VTTs) that express Lgr5, a gene previously considered a specific crypt epithelial stem cell marker. VTTs are elongated cells that line the villus tip epithelium and signal through Bmp morphogens and the non-canonical Wnt5a ligand. Their ablation strongly perturbs the zonation of enterocyte genes induced at the villus tip. Our study provides a spatially-resolved cell atlas of the small intestinal stroma and exposes Lgr5+ villus tip telocytes as regulators of the epithelial spatial expression programs along the villus axis.
Raman Spectroscopy for Chemical Biology Research (2022)

In chemical biology research, various fluorescent probes have been developed and used to visualize target proteins or molecules in living cells and tissues, yet there are limitations to this technology, such as the limited number of colors that can be detected simultaneously. Recently, Raman spectroscopy has been applied in chemical biology to overcome such limitations. Raman spectroscopy detects the molecular vibrations reflecting the structures and chemical conditions of molecules in a sample and was originally used to directly visualize the chemical responses of endogenous molecules. However, our initial research to develop "Raman tags" opens a new avenue for the application of Raman spectroscopy in chemical biology. In this Perspective, we first introduce the label-free Raman imaging of biomolecules, illustrating the biological applications of Raman spectroscopy. Next, we highlight the application of Raman imaging of small molecules using Raman tags for chemical biology research. Finally, we discuss the development and potential of Raman probes, which represent the next-generation probes in chemical biology.
Independent component analysis of gene expression profiles in the hepatic inflammatory response (2005)

The response of the liver to inflammatory cues involves a complex interplay by which input signals from the circulation are translated into outputs in the form of differential gene and protein expression, resulting in the diversion of metabolic and synthetic machinery from the normal state to one that is focused on host defense. We seek to understand better the molecular programs (sources) driving these changes in order to better control adverse effects of the inflammatory response without compromising its beneficial aspects. To this end, we have used independent component analysis (ICA) of gene expression profiles obtained from both in vivo and in vitro models of the hepatic acute phase response. We have found that the most significant sources obtained from ICA analysis clustered the profiles into groups of genes with common molecular function. The comparison of in vitro and in vivo modes of gene expression shows both conserved and stimulus-specific programs within the overall inflammatory response.
The Serial Microprocessor Array (SMA) (1978)

The structure of the Processing Element (PE), which is the basic component of SMA1, is presented. The PE consists of a simple serial arithmetic unit, a local high speed data memory, serial input and output ports, serial communication channels with neighbouring PE's, and some local control logic. The PE array operates under the control of a microprogrammed Array Control Unit (ACU). The peculiarities of ACU microprogramming are discussed, and some typical microprograms are reported. After presentation of the SMA principal instructions, some application programs are described implementing common radar filtering algorithms.
Histomorphometric assessment of bone formation in sinus augmentation utilizing a combination of autogenous and hydroxyapatite/biphasic tricalcium phosphate graft materials: at 6 and 9 months in humans (2008)

The biphasic HA/TCP showed biocompatible and osteoconductive properties. This alloplast as a composite with autogenous bone chips promotes newly formed bone, which increases in its fraction along an extended healing period.
On the Cationic Polymerization of 4-Methyl-1-pentene and the Structure of the Product Polymer (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOn the Cationic Polymerization of 4-Methyl-1-pentene and the Structure of the Product PolymerGiuseppe Ferraris, Carlo Corno, Aldo Priola, and Sebastiano CescaCite this: Macromolecules 1977, 10, 1, 188–197Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60055a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60055a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views619Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: EINE NEUE VON CHLORSILANEN AUSGEHENDE METHODE ZUR KNUEPFUNG VON SILICIUM‐KOHLENSTOFF‐BINDUNGEN 8. MITT. C‐SILYLIERUNG BETA‐UNGESAETTIGTER ALDEHYDE UND KETONE (1971)

Abstract Ungesättigte Ketone wie Phoron (I), Benzalaceton (VIIa) oder Benzalacetophenon (VIIb) bilden bei der Umsetzung mit einem Magnesium/Trimethylchlorsilan‐Gemisch in Hexamethylphosphorsäuretriamid (HMPT) O‐ und C‐silylierte Produkte, z.B. (II), aus denen durch Hydrolyse die C‐silylierten Ketone (III) und (VIII) erhalten werden.
Pros and Cons of ST and SIG FinFET Inverters for Low Power Designs (2020)

Advanced technologies introduce new challenges as higher process variability impact and tight power constraints, mainly for IoT applications. Schmitt Trigger inverters are traditionally used for noise immunity enhancement due to their hysteresis characteristic, and have been recently applied to mitigate radiation effects and process variability impact. Alongside, Stacked-Inverter Gates are applied for gain increase, consequently, robustness enhancement as well. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is to investigate the relationship between transistor sizing, supply voltage, energy, and process variability robustness to get a minimal energy consumption circuit with FinFET technology, while keeping robustness and to identify the recommended circuit for different applications. Results show that adjusting the supply voltage and transistor sizing, at a high variability scenario, it is possible to decrease the energy consumption up to 32.19% while maintaining adequate robustness. It was possible to show a considerable difference concerning the Schmitt Trigger noise-immunity characteristics, in comparison to other designs, over supply voltage and variability scaling.
Rectification of images for binocular and trinocular stereovision (2003)

A technique is presented for calibrating and rectifying in a very efficient and simple manner pairs or triplets of images taken for binocular or trinocular stereovision systems. After the rectification of images, epipolar lines are parallel to the axes of the image coordinate frames. Therefore, potential matches between two or three images satisfy simpler relations, allowing for simpler and more efficient matching algorithms. Experimental results obtained with a binocular and a trinocular stereovision system are presented, and a complexity analysis is provided.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Tacrolimus therapy causes hepatotoxicity in patients with a history of liver disease (2015)

Results indicate that tacrolimus may have a higher risk of inducing liver injury in Korean patients with a history of liver disease and may require close monitoring.
Optical pulse compression and soliton lasers. (1987)

Recent progress on optical pulse compression techniques, optical solitons, and soliton lasers has been discussed. It is shown that nonlinear pulse propagation in single-mode fibers, which includes self-phase modulation and group velocity dispersion, plays an important role in making linearly chirped rectangular pulses, resuiting in efficient compression with a grating pair. The self steepening effect, a third-order dispersion, and the stimulated Raman scattering, which would deteriorate the compression characteristics, have been discussed in dctail. For a negative GVD region, an optical soliton described with a nonlinear schrodinger equation can be creiatcd by balancing SPM with GVD. A soliton laser by means of a color center Iaser and a fiber Raman soliton laser are discussed in terms of a perturbation theory.
Discrete-Time Sliding Mode Control System Design with Frequency Shaping (2008)

Discrete-time sliding mode control is a realistic approach for implementation on digital processors and chattering reduction. A frequency shaping technique enables us to design more detailed hyperplanes and has been used for many vibration reduction problems. This paper deals discrete-time sliding mode control with frequency shaping and gives a design procedure. The performance analysis of tracking and disturbance rejection is shown. Based on the analysis, the design policy of an appropriate switching gain and sampling interval is proposed.
Probing cell type–specific functions of Gi in vivo identifies GPCR regulators of insulin secretion (2007)

The in vivo roles of the hundreds of mammalian G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are incompletely understood. To explore these roles, we generated mice expressing the S1 subunit of pertussis toxin, a known inhibitor of G(i/o) signaling, under the control of the ROSA26 locus in a Cre recombinase-dependent manner (ROSA26(PTX)). Crossing ROSA26(PTX) mice to mice expressing Cre in pancreatic beta cells produced offspring with constitutive hyperinsulinemia, increased insulin secretion in response to glucose, and resistance to diet-induced hyperglycemia. This phenotype underscored the known importance of G(i/o) and hence of GPCRs for regulating insulin secretion. Accordingly, we quantified mRNA for each of the approximately 373 nonodorant GPCRs in mouse to identify receptors highly expressed in islets and examined the role of several. We report that 3-iodothyronamine, a thyroid hormone metabolite, could negatively and positively regulate insulin secretion via the G(i)-coupled alpha(2A)-adrenergic receptor and the G(s)-coupled receptor Taar1, respectively, and protease-activated receptor-2 could negatively regulate insulin secretion and may contribute to physiological regulation of glucose metabolism. The ROSA26(PTX) system used in this study represents a new genetic tool to achieve tissue-specific signaling pathway modulation in vivo that can be applied to investigate the role of G(i/o)-coupled GPCRs in multiple cell types and processes.
Changes in the sialylglycoconjugate distribution on the human sperm surface during in-vitro capacitation: partial purification of a 20 kDa sialylglycoprotein of capacitated spermatozoa (1995)

Changes in the distribution of sialylglycoconjugates on the surface of uncapacitated and in-vitro capacitated human spermatozoa were studied by means of two sialic acid specific lectins (Maackia amurensis agglutinin and Sambucus nigra agglutinin). On the uncapacitated sperm surface, sialylglycoconjugates were found to be localized from the post-acrosomal region of the sperm head to the tail middle piece, whereas after in-vitro capacitation these molecules were only found in a small area of the post-acrosomal region. The surface of capacitated human spermatozoa was also investigated by specifically radiolabelling its terminal sialic acid residues. A 20 kDa glycoprotein, which was partially purified by anion-exchange chromatography, was the main component of the sialylglycoconjugate pattern after in-vitro capacitation.
COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand: Implementing Containment Measures and Their Ethical Challenges (2020)

Abstract Containment measures have been implemented in Thailand after the country was hit by the Covid-19 pandemic. The top priority is to save people’s lives. Unavoidably, serious consequences that affected the people’s income, privacy, needs, equality, and equity emerged, presenting new challenges. In order to begin to investigate these complex ethical questions, the Office of Research Integrity of National Science and Technology Development Agency organized a meeting in order to bring together key experts in various fields related to the Covid-19 pandemic to discuss what was going on in Thailand and how to manage it properly. Three key ethical settings, each of which caused significant effects, were discussed in the meeting, namely public health, medical services, and research and clinical trial settings. Many key ethical issues were revealed during the meeting, as well as how best to address and manage them properly.
Intracranially Recorded Auditory Nerve Response in Man: New Interpretations of BSER (1982)

Compound action potentials were recorded from the intracranial part of the human auditory nerve when it was exposed during surgery with the use of a posterior fossa approach. Monopolar recordings of the response to tone bursts were dominated by a negative deflection that reached a peak 3 to 3.5 ms after the onset of a 5-ms 2-kHz tone burst. This negative peak matched the latency of the second vertex-negative peak of the scalp-recorded brainstem evoked responses (BSERs). Bipolar recordings from the intracranial part of the auditory nerve showed the biphasic waveshape that is typical for a nerve trunk. The results indicate that the neural generators not only of the peak in the BSER are likely to be located in the auditory nerve. Furthermore, the results indicate that it is the third wave that originates in the cochlear nucleus, not the second wave as was previously assumed.
QTL Mapping in chicken using a three generation full sib family structure of an extreme broiler X broiler cross (1997)

Abstract A three generation population has been created for mapping both production and health traits in chicken. The Fl and F2 population were genotyped while phenotypes were collected on the F3 animals. The population consisted of 10 full‐sib families with a total of 476 individuals (Fl and F2), and an F3 generation consisting of over 18,000 animals. In total, 264 microsatellites were analyzed on all Fl and F2 animals, and an additional 120 microsatellites were analyzed on only 4 of the 10 families (196 animals). A linkage map of the chicken genome containing 384 microsatellite markers has been constructed by analyzing the segregation of these markers in this population. Preliminary analysis indicate a QTL for body weight at 48 days on chromosome 1. Body weight was measured on 2100 F3 animals housed in cages, and the data was analyzed by a regression interval mapping approach. Higher F‐values were obtained by using a bivariate approach showing that differences in mean and variance of a trait measured on both sexes should be taken into account in the analysis.