gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced reliability of phase-change memory via modulation of local structure and chemical bonding by incorporating carbon in Ge2Sb2Te5 (2021)

In this study, we investigated the effect of phase-change characteristics on the device performance of carbon-incorporated Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> (CGST) to understand the origin of the enhanced reliability and stabilization of the device. Macroscopic and microscopic measurements confirmed that the structural stability significantly increased with the incorporation of as much as 10% carbon. After the completion of bond formation between C and Ge, the excess C (>5 atomic%) engages in bonding with Sb in localized regions because of the difference in formation energy. These bonds of C with Ge and Sb induce non-uniform local charge density of the short-range order. Finally, because the strong bonds between Ge and C shorten the short Ge-Te bonds, the high thermal stability of CGST relative to that of GST can be attributed to intensified Peierls distortion. The formation of strong bonds successfully underpins the local structures and reduces the stochastic effect. Moreover, extension of the C bonding to Sb enhances the structural reliability, resulting in highly stable CGST in the amorphous phase. Finally, the device stability of CGST in the reset state of the amorphous structure during the device switching process was significantly improved.
Supplementary Figures 1-8 from Cotargeting Androgen Receptor and Clusterin Delays Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer Progression by Inhibiting Adaptive Stress Response and AR Stability (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 359K, S1: Schema illustrating generation of CRPC and MDV3100 resistant tumors and cell lines. S2: CLU is induced by CSS, bicalutamide and MDV3100 in LNCaP cells. S3: CLU is induced by MDV3100 in time and dose dependent manner. S4: CLU knockdown synergistically enhances MDV3100-induced inhibition of C4-2 but not in PC-3 cell growth. S5: CLU silencing enhances MDV3100 effect on AR transcription activity. S6: CLU knockdown in combination with MDV3100 decreases AR protein levels. S7: Effect of CLU knockdown and MDV3100 on AR expression. S8: Effect of MDV3100 on HSF-1 transcriptional activity.&lt;/p&gt;
<title>Optical Multiplex Systems For Vehicles</title> (1980)

Optical multiplex technology, presently in vogue in many segments of industry, is now under scrutiny at General Motors. We are evaluating this technology as a means of simplifying the vehicle harness, reducing weight, eliminating electromagnetic interference, and providing drastically new interior styling options. Door, seat, steering column, forward and rear harness vehicle assemblies, are replaced with a single fiber optic cable in each area. A four bit microprocessor at the top of the steering column, and in each door, multiplexes control console button commands over fiber optic cables. A microprocessor at the other end of the cables decodes the optical signals and operates seats, windows, windshield wipers, etc.
Serum starvation: caveat emptor (2011)

Serum starvation is one of the most frequently performed procedures in molecular biology and there are literally thousands of research papers reporting its use. In fact, this method has become so ingrained in certain areas of research that reports often simply state that cells were serum starved without providing any factual details as to how the procedure was carried out. Even so, we quite obviously lack unequivocal terminology, standard protocols, and perhaps most surprisingly, a common conceptual basis when performing serum starvation. Such inconsistencies not only hinder interstudy comparability but can lead to opposing and inconsistent experimental results. Although it is frequently assumed that serum starvation reduces basal activity of cells, available experimental data do not entirely support this notion. To address this important issue, we studied primary human myotubes, rat L6 myotubes and human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells under different serum starvation conditions and followed time-dependent changes in important signaling pathways such as the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, the AMP-activated protein kinase, and the mammalian target of rapamycin. Serum starvation induced a swift and dynamic response, which displayed obvious qualitative and quantitative differences across different cell types and experimental conditions despite certain unifying features. There was no uniform reduction in basal signaling activity. Serum starvation clearly represents a major event that triggers a plethora of divergent responses and has therefore great potential to interfere with the experimental results and affect subsequent conclusions.
Finite element solution for a class of unbounded geometrics (EM scattering) (1991)

An efficient and systematic procedure is described for the finite-element solution of a class of electromagnetic radiation and scattering problems involving unbounded geometries. The numerical procedure is well suited for analyzing infinite metallic structures with cavity regions filled with inhomogeneous and anisotropic media. The formulation is based upon an approach that combines the finite-element method (FEM) with the surface integral equation to truncate the mesh region. The efficiency of the proposed technique arises from the use of the Green's function of the first kind in the surface integral. Illustrative numerical representations that demonstrate the validity, versatility, and efficiency of the method are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Noninvasive and continuous blood pressure measurement via superficial temporal artery tonometry (2016)

The measurement of blood pressure is an important cardiovascular health assessment, yet the current set of methodologies is limited in resolution, repeatability, accuracy, simplicity, and safety. This paper presents the design and prototype implementation of a novel and easy-to-use medical device for noninvasive and continuous blood pressure monitoring through tonometry at the superficial temporal artery (STA). The device features a stable form factor inspired by over-ear headphones that adjusts easily from person to person using a combination prismatic and rotational joint. A stepper motor and pressure sensor, built into the device, apply a controlled force to flatten the artery and measure the wearer's blood pressure. The design is fully wireless, using Bluetooth communication to connect to a custom control and monitoring interface on the user's laptop that allows for easy calibration and real-time measurement. Preliminary testing of the device showed a percentage error from a blood pressure cuff mean arterial pressure measurement of 7.7% (7.0 mmHg). This was also compared to a Nexfin vascular unloading device, which showed a percentage error from the blood pressure cuff of 7.3% (6.6 mmHg).
Derivation of the Exact Curvature Formulation for Gothic Arch Ball Screw Grooves (2022)

Abstract No exact formulations are present in literature to calculate the principal curvatures of the ball screw grooves, while approximate equations are commonly adopted due to their simplicity. However, they derive from the ball bearing theory and do not take into account ball screw’s characteristic main geometric parameters, such as the helix angle. This leads to approximation relative errors up to 50% for commercial off-the-shelf ball screws. In this paper a new exact explicit exact solution is proposed by means of a rigorous mathematical approach. The helix angle and a generic gothic arch shape of the raceway profile are taken into account. The results of the exact and literature formulations are presented and compared. The principal curvature is seen to be strongly dependent on the helix angle and, therefore, the proposed exact solution should be used in the design phase and, in general, when high accuracy is required, such as in high-fidelity models for prognostic activities.
The Long and Winding Road to the Google Books Settlement, 9 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 227 (2009) (2009)

In its Library Project, Google is scanning millions of books from the world’s leading research libraries to include in a searchable database. This scanning has occurred without the copyright owners’ authorization, leading to the class action copyright infringement lawsuit, Authors Guild v. Google, Inc. The central legal issue in the litigation is whether copyright law’s fair use doctrine provides Google with a defense against the authors’ claims. Ultimately, the parties reached a settlement. The proposed Settlement Agreement is an extremely complex document which, if approved by the court, will govern the future of the Google Library Project. It creates a mechanism that allows Google to scan and display the full text of millions of books. In exchange, Google will pay fees to each book's rightsholder. The proposed settlement has precipitated a heated public debate over competition concerns, privacy, intellectual freedom, and the rights of authors and publishers. This article traces the history of the Google Library Project and discusses in-depth the original Google Library Project, the litigation, the original Settlement Agreement, the debate concerning the approval of the Settlement Agreement, and the Amended Settlement Agreement.
Extreme ultraviolet mask observations using a coherent extreme ultraviolet scatterometry microscope with a high-harmonic-generation source (2015)

In extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, the three-dimensional structure of an EUV mask, which has an absorber layer and a Mo/Si multilayer on a glass substrate, strongly affects the EUV phase. We have developed a coherent EUV scatterometry microscope (CSM) to observe EUV patterns with a quantitative phase contrast based on the coherent-diffraction-imaging method, which is a simple system without an objective. A coherent stand-alone high-harmonic-generation (HHG) EUV source has been developed for practical use. Although the throughput of the relay optics in the previous study was insufficient to compensate for the fluctuation of the beam position, herein the beam position is stabilized and the relay optics are upgraded, increasing the throughput of the EUV power 130-fold. Consequently, the detection time for the same defect size is markedly reduced from 1000 to 1 s. Furthermore, a 52 × 52 nm2 absorber defect is detected in 10 s.
New Products (1961)

Article MetricsDownloadsCitationsNo data available.0123AugSepOctNovDecJan610Total6 Months12 MonthsTotal number of downloads for the most recent 6 whole calendar months.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Inhibition of Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Prevents Chemically Induced Carcinogenesis in Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Gating strategy for STAT3 single-color flow cytometry analysis of splenic monocytes and granulocytes. Splenocytes were fixed, permeabilized, stained with IgG control or anti-pSTAT3 antibodies, and gated similarly as shown in Suppl. Fig. 1, Gate 2: Gate 1, single cells; Gate 2, large non-granular (Monocytes) and granular (Granulocytes) splenocytes; Gate 3 and Gate 4, single-color flow cytometry analysis of monocytes and granulocytes, respectively, for intracellular staining with isotype control (Control), anti-pSTAT3y705 or pSTAT3s727 mAbs.&lt;/p&gt;
A point field driven approach to process metrics based on laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing models and in situ process monitoring (2023)

Abstract The widespread adoption of additive manufacturing (AM) in different industries has accelerated the need for quality control of these AM parts. Some of the complex and labor-intensive challenges associated with qualification and certification of AM parts are addressed by modeling and monitoring process conditions. Quantifying melt-track process conditions remains a significant computational challenge due to the large-scale differential between melt pool and part volumes. This work explores a novel point field (PF) driven AM model-based process metric (AM-PM) approach for calculating melt track resolved process conditions with maximal computational speed. A cylindrical Ti-6Al-4V test article with 16 equiangular zones having varied process parameters was built. The melt-track resolved AM-PMs were calculated and mapped to porosity existence for the 5.8-million-point PF of the test article. AM-PMs were calculated in 6.5 min, ~ 665 × faster than a similarly sized finite element calculation. This approach enables efficient prediction, assessment, and adjustment of AM builds. Graphical abstract
A Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene Cyclophane:  An Addition to the Toolbox for Molecular Electronics (2004)

Cyclophanes with the largest-to-date polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene, HBC) to be entrained in such a structural motif are reported. The two disks are covalently captured by intermolecular ring-closing olefin metathesis of dienes in good yield. DSC, optical microscopy, and WAXD show the new cyclophanes to self-assemble to thermotropic columnar liquid crystal mesophases similar to monomeric analogues. Solution spectroscopic studies reveal that the two disks within a single unit lie face-to-face, with a small average lateral offset. Self-assembly into two-dimensional crystals at a solid-liquid interface was visualized by STM, and the electrical properties of single molecules were assessed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy revealing a diode-like behavior which is similar to that previously reported for single HBC disks, laying the groundwork for future electrical interrogations of dynamic molecular complexes.
Supplementary Video 1 from Cep63 Recruits Cdk1 to the Centrosome: Implications for Regulation of Mitotic Entry, Centrosome Amplification, and Genome Maintenance (2023)

Supplementary Video 1 from Cep63 Recruits Cdk1 to the Centrosome: Implications for Regulation of Mitotic Entry, Centrosome Amplification, and Genome Maintenance
Analysis of a Dual-Fuel Combustion Engine Fueled with Diesel Fuel and CNG in Transient Operating Conditions (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The paper presents the thermodynamic analysis of the engine supplied with small and large diesel fuel doses while increasing natural gas quantity. The paper presents changes in the combustion process thermodynamic indexes and changes in the exhaust gas emissions for dynamically increased share of the gaseous fuel. The cylinder pressure history was subject to thermodynamic analysis, . based on which the mean indicated pressure, the heat release rate, the quantity of heat released as well as the pressure rate increase after self-ignition were determined. These parameters were also referred to the subsequent engine operation cycles by specifying the scope of the change per cycle. The relationship between the engine load and the start, the center and the end of combustion while increasing the gas amount supplied to the cylinder was indicated. The presented analysis of the results indicates significant impact of the changes in the supplied gas amount on the engine operating indexes and exhaust emissions. The conducted tests made it possible to confirm that significant cooling of the cylinder (determined by the constant temperature of exhaust gas) does not allow combustion of a dual-fuel mixture during dynamic change of the engine fueling. It was shown that there is a relation between the thermal history of the cylinder (steady state conditions), the engine fueling rate and the possibility of combustion of a diesel-methane mixture.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The Effect of Inter-bundle Resistive Barriers on Coupling Loss, Current Distribution and DC Performance in ITER Conductors (2006)

The role of inter-bundle resistive barriers (metal sheet wraps), introduced to reduce the inter-bundle coupling loss in multistage cabled Cable-In-Conduit Conductors (CICC) for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is evaluated, based on results gained recently on short sample experiments in the Twente Cable Press and SULTAN. The obvious benefit of limiting the inter bundle coupling loss unavoidably goes together with impeding the redistribution of nonuniform currents in the coil winding introduced at the terminations, as well as reduction of the heat exchange between the bundles. Six-element numerical electromagnetic code simulations are presented that qualitatively explain the effect of wraps on the DC performance, strongly depending on the testing geometry. The computations illustrate that wraps can reduce the DC performance in short sample tests. At the same time simulations of the Poloidal Field Coil Insert (PFCI), with a winding length of 50 m, have shown that omitting sub-stage wraps, can even degrade the DC performance of coils due to the short current transfer length in combination with current nonuniformity causing peak voltages in the most overloaded petals
Cutinase-Like Enzyme from the Yeast Cryptococcus sp. Strain S-2 Hydrolyzes Polylactic Acid and Other Biodegradable Plastics (2005)

A purified lipase from the yeast Cryptococcus sp. strain S-2 exhibited remote homology to proteins belonging to the cutinase family rather than to lipases. This enzyme could effectively degrade the high-molecular-weight compound polylactic acid, as well as other biodegradable plastics, including polybutylene succinate, poly (epsilon-caprolactone), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate).
EE-ACML: Energy-Efficient Adiabatic CMOS/MTJ Logic for CPA-Resistant IoT Devices (2021)

Internet of Things (IoT) devices have strict energy constraints as they often operate on a battery supply. The cryptographic operations within IoT devices consume substantial energy and are vulnerable to a class of hardware attacks known as side-channel attacks. To reduce the energy consumption and defend against side-channel attacks, we propose combining adiabatic logic and Magnetic Tunnel Junctions to form our novel Energy Efficient-Adiabatic CMOS/MTJ Logic (EE-ACML). EE-ACML is shown to be both low energy and secure when compared to existing CMOS/MTJ architectures. EE-ACML reduces dynamic energy consumption with adiabatic logic, while MTJs reduce the leakage power of a circuit. To show practical functionality and energy savings, we designed one round of PRESENT-80 with the proposed EE-ACML integrated with an adiabatic clock generator. The proposed EE-ACML-based PRESENT-80 showed energy savings of 67.24% at 25 MHz and 86.5% at 100 MHz when compared with a previously proposed CMOS/MTJ circuit. Furthermore, we performed a CPA attack on our proposed design, and the key was kept secret.
Analysis of biomolecule detection with optofluidic ring resonator sensors (2007)

We theoretically and experimentally analyze the biomolecule detection capability of the liquid core optical ring resonator (LCORR) as a label-free bio/chemical sensor. We first establish a simple and general linear relationship between the LCORR's bulk refractive index sensitivity (BRIS) and its response to molecule deposition onto the surface, which enables us to easily characterize the LCORR sensing performance. Then, biosensing experiments are performed with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and LCORRs of various BRISs. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical prediction. Further analysis shows that the LCORR is capable of detecting BSA below 10 pM with sub-picogram/mm2 mass detection limit.
Masitinib is Safe and Effective for the Treatment of Canine Mast Cell Tumors (2008)

Masitinib is safe and effective at delaying tumor progression in dogs presenting with recurrent or nonresectable grade II or III nonmetastatic MCT.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent Free Synthesis and Deprotection of 1,1‐Diacetates over a Commercially Available Zeolite Y as a Reusable Catalyst. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
d10-Metal coordination polymers based on analogue di(pyridyl)imidazole derivatives and 4,4′-oxydibenzoic acid: influence of flexible and angular characters of neutral ligands on structural diversity (2008)

A series of mixed-ligand coordination complexes, namely [Zn(L(1))(oba)] (), [Cd(L(1))(oba)] (), [Zn(2)(L(2))(oba)(2)].8H(2)O (), [Cd(2)(L(2))(oba)(2)].2H(2)O (), [Zn(3)(L(3))(oba)(3)] (), [Cd(2)(L(3))(oba)(2)].(L(3)) (), [Cd(L(4))(oba)].H(2)O () and [Cd(L(5))(oba)].3H(2)O (), where L(1) = 2-(2-pyridyl)imidazole, L(2) = 1,4-bis[2-(2-pyridyl)imidazol-1-yl]butane, L(3) = 1,4-bis[2-(2-pyridyl)imidazol-1-ylmethyl]benzene, L(4) = 1,3-bis[2-(2-pyridyl)imidazol-1-ylmethyl]benzene, L(5) = 1,2-bis[2-(2-pyridyl)imidazol-1-ylmethyl]benzene and H(2)oba = 4,4'-oxydibenzoic acid, have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Their structures have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and further characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses. In compounds and , oba(2-), L(1) ligand and Zn(II) or Cd(II) ions assemble to form the parallel chains or parallel sheets which are linked by the weak hydrogen bonding and pipi stacking interactions to give the 2D supramolecular sheet or 3D supramolecular net, respectively. For , L(2) ligands connect [Zn(oba)] chains to generate a unusual (10,3)-b topological structure which is the first example for eight-fold interpenetrating framework based on the (10,3)-b net. In , L(2) ligands link [Cd(oba)] double-chains to give a 2D sheet which is assembled by pipi stacking interactions to obtain a 3D supramolecular net. In , L(3) ligands link Zn(II) ions from alpha-Po net formed by Zn(II) ions and oba(2-) anions to show a novel 3D 8-connected self-penetrating framework with the unreported (4(16).6(11).8) topological structure. In , the double-chains constructed by Cd(II) and oba(2-) anions are linked by one kind of L(3) ligand to form a layer-like structure which is assembled by pipi stacking interactions to show a 3D supramolecular structure. In , oba(2-) anions coordinate to Cd(II) cations to form chains which are connected by L(4) to form a four-fold interpenetrating diamond network. In , the weak hydrogen bonding and pipi stacking interactions connect the [Cd(L(5))(oba)] chains to give a 2D supramolecular sheet. By careful inspections of the structures of , we believe that the different flexible and angular neutral ligands, coordination geometries of metal centers and weak interactions (hydrogen bonds and pipi stacking interactions) are crucial factors for the formation of the different structures. The photoluminescent properties of have been studied in the solid state at room temperature.