gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The correction of Doppler errors and receiver chain anomalies in CW radars (2002)

The conventional algorithm often used in coded CW radar processing is summarised and a generic frequency domain equivalent to this algorithm is defined. The algorithm gives the ability to control the correlation function at each Doppler bin, thereby removing the usual losses, and associated increase in sidelobes, caused by the correlation of Doppler targets. Phase coded CW radars can exhibit a number of problems, such that when 'perfect' codes are implemented 'perfect' performance is not realised. The problems are discussed and the approach of smoothing the spectrum over the code bandwidth in order to correct for system losses and interference is presented. Correction of inaccuracies in I and Q channels is demonstrated which reduces frequency images. Real and simulated results show that these techniques improve the resolution of the range Doppler plane by removing noise sources and sidelobes.
Long-term clinical outcome and performance of transcatheter aortic valve replacement with a self-expandable bioprosthesis (2019)

Abstract Aims In the last decade, transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) replacement determined a paradigm shift in the treatment of patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. Data on long-term TAV performance are still limited. We sought to evaluate the clinical and haemodynamic outcomes of the CoreValve self-expandable valve up to 8-year follow-up (FU). Methods and results Nine hundred and ninety inoperable or high-risk patients were treated with the CoreValve TAV in eight Italian Centres from June 2007 to December 2011. The median FU was 4.4 years (interquartile range 1.4–6.7 years). Longest FU reached 11 years. A total of 728 died within 8-year FU (78.3% mortality from Kaplan–Meier curve analysis). A significant functional improvement was observed in the majority of patients and maintained over time, with 79.3% of surviving patients still classified New York Heart Association class ≤ II at 8 years. Echocardiographic data showed that the mean transprosthetic aortic gradient remained substantially unchanged (9 ± 4 mmHg at discharge, 9 ± 5 mmHg at 8 years, P = 0.495). The rate of Grade 0/1 paravalvular leak was consistent during FU with no significant change from post-procedure to FU ≥5 years in paired analysis (P = 0.164). Structural valve deterioration (SVD) and late bioprosthetic valve failure (BVF) were defined according to a modification of the 2017 EAPCI/ESC/EACTS criteria. In cumulative incidence functions at 8 years, moderate and severe SVD were 3.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.1–4.3%] and 1.6% (95% CI 0.6–3.9%), respectively, while late BVF was 2.5% (95% CI 1.2–5%). Conclusion While TAVs are questioned about long-term performance and durability, the results of the present research provide reassuring 8-year evidence on the CoreValve first-generation self-expandable bioprosthesis.
Advanced development of voltage source soft-switching high-frequency inverter for silent discharge tube loads (2002)

Ozone utilizing technologies, ultraviolet light and excimer laser applications are spreading very rapidly and have tends to enter daily life as small-size desinfection, ozonation devices etc. Since silent discharge in gas has been recognized as one of the most effective ways for ozone, ultraviolet and excimer laser generation, the development of low cost and high effective driver for silent discharge load becomes the task of great importance. This paper presents a switched-mode power supply designed for such type of load. Introduced here is a voltage source type resonant inverter, operating under ZVS (zero voltage switching) principle and developed for driving a silent discharge (SD) type high-frequency ozone generation tube. Applied in this inverter, a PDM (pulse density modulation) and PFM (pulse frequency modulation) hybrid control strategy allows to achieve zero voltage switching in all power regulating ranges (10-100%) that reduces total switching losses and EMI noises and increases total system efficiency.
Hyperspectral imaging using novel LWIR OPO for hazardous material detection and identification (2014)

Current stand-off hyperspectral imaging detection solutions that operate in the mid-wave infrared (MWIR), nominally 2.5 – 5 &mu;m spectral region, are limited by the number of absorption bands that can be addressed. This issue is most apparent when evaluating a scene with multiple absorbers with overlapping spectral features making accurate material identification challenging. This limitation can be overcome by moving to the long wave IR (LWIR) region, which is rich in characteristic absorption features, which can provide ample molecular information in order to perform presumptive identification relative to a spectral library. This work utilises an instrument platform to perform negative contrast imaging using a novel LWIR optical parametric oscillator (OPO) as the source. The OPO offers continuous tuning in the region 5.5 – 9.5 &mu;m, which includes a number of molecular vibrations associated with the target material compositions. Scanning the scene of interest whilst sweeping the wavelength of the OPO emission will highlight the presence of a suspect material and by analysing the resulting absorption spectrum, presumptive identification is possible. This work presents a selection of initial results using the LWIR hyperspectral imaging platform on a range of white powder materials to highlight the benefit operating in the LWIR region compared to the MWIR.
The Genetic Architecture of Depression in Individuals of East Asian Ancestry (2021)

These results support caution against generalizing findings about depression risk factors across populations and highlight the need to increase the ancestral and geographic diversity of samples with consistent phenotyping.
Membrane process for CO[sub 2] removal tested at Texas plant (1994)

Although polymeric membrane systems are available for CO[sub 2] removal, dehydration, and separation of small amounts of H[sub 2]S, available field-operating data on these systems have been limited. And there are no publicly available multihydrocarbon data on membrane-based CO[sub 2] separation systems' performances. Proper field assessment of the capabilities of commercially available membranes will permit a definition of the role that CO[sub 2] membrane separation systems can have. Field testing for this project occurred at a small, commercial-size, spiral-wound membrane system on a gas well. Because CO[sub 2] and H[sub 2]O are more permeable than methane, ethane, and higher hydrocarbons, an efficient separation can be achieved. Reductions of CO[sub 2] contents from the 25 mole % level to a 2--3 mole % pipeline specification are achievable. A recent economic study showed that hybrid membrane/amine systems may be more economic in some feed-gas flow rate and CO[sub 2]-concentration ranges.
Experimental characterization of the human non-sequence-specific nucleic acid interactome (2013)

The dataset described here represents a rich resource of experimentally determined nucleic acid-binding proteins, and our methodology has great potential for further exploration of the interface between the protein and nucleic acid realms.
Alteration of Ammonia and Carnitine Levels in Short-Term Treatment with Pivalic Acid-Containing Prodrug. (1995)

We investigated the influence on mitochondrial functions in carnitine deficiency caused by short-term treatment of cefteram-pivoxil (CFTM-PI) which is one of pivaloyloxymethyl-esterified antibiotics in adult volunteers and diseased children. Administration of CFTM-PI caused hypocarnitinemia in all cases, and we observed a significant elevation of blood ammonia levels compared with those after its withdrawal in diseased children. A significant negative correlation was found between the levels of serum free carnitine and blood ammonia, and a positive correlation was observed between serum carnitine and blood glutamine levels in all adult samples and samples during administration in diseased children. Our data suggest that these antibiotic medications affect the mitochondrial function even in a short-term treatment and that L-carnitine supplementation would be necessary for patients treated with CFTM-PI.
Directed Self-Assembly of Nanoparticles (2010)

Within the field of nanotechnology, nanoparticles are one of the most prominent and promising candidates for technological applications. Self-assembly of nanoparticles has been identified as an important process where the building blocks spontaneously organize into ordered structures by thermodynamic and other constraints. However, in order to successfully exploit nanoparticle self-assembly in technological applications and to ensure efficient scale-up, a high level of direction and control is required. The present review critically investigates to what extent self-assembly can be directed, enhanced, or controlled by either changing the energy or entropy landscapes, using templates or applying external fields.
Further Evaluation of Soluble CD4 as an Anti-HIV Type 1 Gene Therapy: Demonstration of Protection of Primary Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Infection by HIV Type 1 (1994)

We previously reported on the construction of retroviral vectors that produce a secreted form of the HIV-1 receptor, T cell antigen CD4 (Morgan et al., AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1990;6:183-191). In this article we test the ability of these sCD4-expressing retroviral vectors to protect human T-cell lines or primary T cells from HIV-1 infection. To demonstrate that protection from HIV-1 infection is mediated by the soluble nature of this protein, two coculture protection experiments were conducted. In these experiments, sCD4-expressing retroviral vectors were used to engineer mouse NIH 3T3 cells. In one coculture experiment the human SupT1 cell line was added directly to the culture of sCD4-producing NIH 3T3 cells, and in another experiment the two cell types were separated physically by a semipermeable membrane. In both coculture configurations, the T cell line was protected from HIV-1 challenge as measured by syncytium formation and indirect immunofluorescent assays. In addition, the SupT1 line was directly engineered with sCD4-expressing retroviral vectors and shown to be protected from HIV-1 challenge. As a prelude to further preclinical studies, we tested the ability of retroviral vectors to transduce primary human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Conditions used to stimulate T cell growth resulted in significant shifts in the CD4/CD8 cell in favor of CD8 cells. Retroviral-mediated gene transfer under these conditions resulted in low levels of gene transfer (< 5%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Choroidal malignant melanoma masquerading as orbital cellulitis (2021)

"Choroidal malignant melanoma masquerading as orbital cellulitis." Orbit, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
Bifunctional Anchors Connecting Carbon Nanotubes to Metal Electrodes for Improved Nanoelectronics (2007)

We show that the electrical and mechanical properties of the metal electrodes to the side walls of carbon nanotubes or graphene sheets can be dramatically improved through incorporation of (−CON−) and (−COO−) bifunctional molecular anchors. Thus for Pt, the (−CON−) anchor has a contact resistance 60 times lower than that of the simple nonanchored contact, while providing a much stronger mechanical linkage between the carbon and platinum metal contact. This should be useful for applications such as electronics, fuel cell catalysts, and spintronics.
Endotoxin tolerance induces selective alterations in neutrophil function (2005)

Endotoxin tolerance has the potential to limit phagocyte responses to Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, but the role of tolerance in regulating neutrophil responses is unknown. We investigated neutrophil responses to prolonged lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure and observed induction of tolerance in intracellular signaling pathways and respiratory burst. These effects were not prevented by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) pretreatment, and tolerized neutrophils retained the ability to respond to GM-CSF and other survival factors with a delay in apoptosis. In addition, LPS-exposed neutrophils showed continued generation of CXC chemokine ligand 8, which was not reduced in tolerized cells. Induction of tolerance was associated with a loss of TLR4 surface expression. Tolerance, therefore, induces a selective reprogramming of neutrophil function, but cells retain a predominantly proinflammatory phenotype.
Coats' Syndrome as a Cause of Secondary Open-Angle Glaucoma (2003)

A case of Coats' syndrome presenting with acute secondary open-angle glaucoma is described. A 41-year-old woman presented with eye pain and an intraocular pressure of 50 mm Hg in the right eye. Numerous hyperrefringent yellow-white crystals were seen in the anterior chamber and in a recessed anterior chamber angle. Fundus examination revealed an inferior yellow exudative retinal detachment with retinal vascular abnormalities resembling Coats' disease. Following lensectomy, vitrectomy, retinal reattachment, and endolaser photocoagulation, the intraocular pressure stabilized within normal limits. Coats' syndrome may cause increased intraocular pressure by a secondary open-angle mechanism, even in phakic eyes. Removal of the lipid crystals and treatment of the anomalous vessels may be sufficient to control the intraocular pressure.
Biofilms in the Food Industry: Health Aspects and Control Methods (2018)

Diverse microorganisms are able to grow on food matrixes and along food industry infrastructures. This growth may give rise to biofilms. This review summarizes, on the one hand, the current knowledge regarding the main bacterial species responsible for initial colonization, maturation and dispersal of food industry biofilms, as well as their associated health issues in dairy products, ready-to-eat foods and other food matrixes. These human pathogens include <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (which secretes toxins that can cause diarrhea and vomiting symptoms), <i>Escherichia coli</i> (which may include enterotoxigenic and even enterohemorrhagic strains), <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (a ubiquitous species in soil and water that can lead to abortion in pregnant women and other serious complications in children and the elderly), <i>Salmonella enterica</i> (which, when contaminating a food pipeline biofilm, may induce massive outbreaks and even death in children and elderly), and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (known for its numerous enteric toxins). On the other hand, this review describes the currently available biofilm prevention and disruption methods in food factories, including steel surface modifications (such as nanoparticles with different metal oxides, nanocomposites, antimicrobial polymers, hydrogels or liposomes), cell-signaling inhibition strategies (such as lactic and citric acids), chemical treatments (such as ozone, quaternary ammonium compounds, NaOCl and other sanitizers), enzymatic disruption strategies (such as cellulases, proteases, glycosidases and DNAses), non-thermal plasma treatments, the use of bacteriophages (such as P100), bacteriocins (such us nisin), biosurfactants (such as lichenysin or surfactin) and plant essential oils (such as citral- or carvacrol-containing oils).
Gram-equivalent weight (2015)

AccessScience is an authoritative and dynamic online resource that contains incisively written, high-quality educational material covering all major scientific disciplines. An acclaimed gateway to scientific knowledge, AccessScience is continually expanding the ways it can demonstrate and explain core, trustworthy scientific information that inspires and guides users to deeper knowledge.
CCR Translation for the Article from Novel Oligoamine Analogues Inhibit Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 and Induce Reexpression of Epigenetically Silenced Genes (2023)

CCR Translation for the Article from Novel Oligoamine Analogues Inhibit Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 and Induce Reexpression of Epigenetically Silenced Genes
Fast clustering using MapReduce (2011)

Clustering problems have numerous applications and are becoming more challenging as the size of the data increases. In this paper, we consider designing clustering algorithms that can be used in MapReduce, the most popular programming environment for processing large datasets. We focus on the practical and popular clustering problems, k-center and k-median. We develop fast clustering algorithms with constant factor approximation guarantees. From a theoretical perspective, we give the first analysis that shows several clustering algorithms are in MRC0, a theoretical MapReduce class introduced by Karloff et al. [26]. Our algorithms use sampling to decrease the data size and they run a time consuming clustering algorithm such as local search or Lloyd's algorithm on the resulting data set. Our algorithms have sufficient flexibility to be used in practice since they run in a constant number of MapReduce rounds. We complement these results by performing experiments using our algorithms. We compare the empirical performance of our algorithms to several sequential and parallel algorithms for the k-median problem. The experiments show that our algorithms' solutions are similar to or better than the other algorithms' solutions. Furthermore, on data sets that are sufficiently large, our algorithms are faster than the other parallel algorithms that we tested.
Air core pulse transformer design (2003)

Cylindrical-air-core pulse transformers capable of passing high-voltage/high-energy pulse waveforms with high efficiency and low distortion require a much more delicate design balance of physical dimensions and electrical parameters than iron or ferrite core units. Special computer codes were written to evaluate their performance. The analysis includes calculation of the self and mutual inductances as determined by the dimensions and insulation stresses, and evaluation of the waveform distortion and energy transfer efficiency. It is concluded that air-core transformers operating at hundreds of kilovolts and tens of kilojoules in the microsecond region with energy transfer efficiencies of 70% to 85% are feasible. Effects of the high-frequency-current distribution in the windings and the use of slug-type ferrite cores are also evaluated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Evaluation of Oil Soluble Resin Mixtures as Diverting Agents for Matrix Acidizing (1971)

Abstract A new oil soluble resin mixture has proved extremely effective as a diverting agent for matrix acidizing treatments. The mixture has three major advantages which make it a more effective diverter than other agents currently in use: 1. It effectively equalizes flow into zones of varying permeability. 2. It is completely oil soluble and leaves no residual formation damage. 3. It can penetrate a gravel pack and divert in the formation behind the pack. It is the only diverter which is effective for this application at temperatures above 125degrees F. One of the major factors controlling the success or failure of any sandstone matrix acidizing treatment is that of proper distribution of the treating acid over the entire producing interval. Unless an effective diverting agent is used, the largest portion of the acid may be expended on only a small part of the total zone. A study was made of the various diverting agents presently used in matrix acidizing. These diverters were evaluated in terms of (1) their ability to equalize acid flow into zones of varying permeability, and (2) clean-up following the treatment without residual formation damage. Diverters evaluated included viscous gels, natural gums, emulsions, acid swellable polymers, solid organic acids and a new system employing a mixture of finely divided oil-soluble solids. Of the materials tested, some were found to be totally ineffective while others produced extensive formation damage. Best diversion was obtained with the swellable polymers or the mixture of oil soluble resins. This paper presents data comparing effectiveness of various matrix diverters. The diversion mechanism of the oil soluble resins is described and case histories are presented to show how better diversion improves production increases. Introduction In recent years, renewed interest has been shown in the use of hydrochloric-hydrofluoric acid mixtures for the matrix treatment of sandstone formations.
Acidic cellular environments: Activation of latent tgf‐β and sensitization of cellular responses to tgf‐β and egf (1989)

Transient (about 2 hr) acidification to approx. pH 5.0 of agar-gelled overlayers containing untransformed NRK-49F or KiMSV-transformed NRK-49F cells in the presence of fetal calf serum or crude 49F-cell conditioned medium, as sources of latent TGF-beta, elicited EGF-dependent colony formation of 49F cells and inhibited spontaneous growth of transformed cells. Pure, active TGF-beta (porcine, type I) had the same effects on these respective cell types, suggesting that the above results were due to activation of latent TGF-beta in the transiently acidic cellular environment. Similar acidifications in the absence of a source of latent TGF-beta enhanced the positive growth response of 49F and AKR-2B cells to EGF and active TGF-beta and also the negative growth response of KiMSV-transformed 49F cells to active TGF-beta. These results are compatible with the idea that acidic cellular environments, particularly in tumor tissues, are conducive to activation of latent TGF-beta, perhaps in conjunction with other activating mechanisms, and to an enhanced response to some growth factors. However, the heterogeneity of cell populations within tumoral masses presents an obstacle to a clear understanding of the consequences of such activation.
Preparation of Large Area Site Specific Plan View TEM Samples by Combining Focused Ion Beam and Etching Techniques (2004)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Sequential bioprocessing of Ulva rigida to produce lignocellulolytic enzymes and to improve its nutritional value as aquaculture feed (2019)

The macroalgae aquaculture industry has grown up in the last years, and new applications for macroalgae should be considered. In this work, sequential biological treatments as solid-state fermentation (SSF) by Aspergillus ibericus and enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) were applied to washed and unwashed Ulva rigida. SSF of unwashed macroalgae showed higher xylanase (359.8 U/g), cellulase (73.07 U/g) and β-glucosidase (14.9 U/g) activities per dry mass of macroalgae. After SSF, two strategies to carry out EH were assayed. The best process was SSF followed by EH by simply adding a buffer. The non-starch polysaccharides content was reduced by 93.2%, achieving a glucan conversion of 98%. In addition, the antioxidant activity was improved 2.8-fold and the protein concentration of macroalgae extracts increased from 16.9% to 29.8% (w/w). These biological treatments allowed to increase macroalgae value as feedstuff with potential for use in aquafeeds.