gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Community dynamics mining (2006)

In this paper we propose a model to analyze community dynamics. Recently, several methods and tools have been proposed to extract communities from static graphs. However, since communities are not static, but change over time, it is necessary to provide methods to determine and observe the community transitions and to extract the factors that cause the development. We regard a community as an object that exists over time and propose to observe community transitions along the time axis. For this we partition the time axis under observation by time windows. In each time window, a set of interactions between community participants is aggregated. These static networks are analyzed for subcommunities by applying community detection mechanisms. Through this we detect communities in each interval and can observe if communities persist over time or undergo a transition. We present community transitions and the observable indicators for the respective development. We furthermore present a software environment that incorporates several community detection and analysis methods to analyze community transitions. It supports a dynamic temporal community analysis and provides several forms of visualizations and analysis settings thus providing an interactive tool to observe community dynamics.
A generalized spectral decomposition technique to solve stochastic partial differential equations (2006)

We propose a new robust technique for solving stochastic partial difierential equations. The solution is approximated by a series of terms, each of which being the product of a scalar stochastic function by a deterministic function. None of these functions are flxed a priori but determined by solving a problem which can be interpreted as an extended eigenvalue problem. This technique generalizes the classical spectral decomposition, namely the Karhunen-Loµeve expansion. Ad-hoc iterative techniques to build the approximation, inspired by the power method for classical eigenproblems, then transform the problem into the resolution of a few uncoupled deterministic problems and stochastic equations. This method drastically reduces the calculation costs and memory requirements of classical resolution techniques used in the context of Galerkin stochastic flnite element methods. Finally, this technique is particularly suitable to non-linear and evolution problems since it enables the construction of a relevant reduced basis of deterministic functions which can be e‐ciently reused for subsequent resolutions.
Engineering the morphology of porous InP for waveguide applications (2005)

We research the possibilities for engineering the morphology of porous structures in n-InP. Lithographic patterning of the sample surface before anodic etching is shown to modify considerably the electric field distribution which, in turn, defines the direction of pore growth inside the specimen. We show that local formation of the nucleation layer combined with the possibility to introduce current-line oriented pores in a controlled manner represents a promising tool for manufacturing waveguide structures based on porous InP. First results on simulation of the properties of these structures are presented. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Good to see you again (2011)

Designers and researchers have been involving users as part of their design processes for some time now. However, there are limited examples of user-driven innovation processes that are conducted and studied in an industrial context. In this paper we present and provide a detailed account of the design process for the Social and Spatial Interactions (SSI) platform. This research project was conducted by systematically involving end users from the very start of and throughout the design process. Some activities conducted as part of this project include a probes study, co-design workshops, and evaluations of prototypes. We describe and illustrate the individual steps of the process, as well as reflect on the overall impact and challenges of introducing and applying user-driven innovation in an industrial research context. In particular, we discuss aspects such as shifting attitudes in different phases of the user engagement, overcoming skepticism in a multidisciplinary research team, and the role and the competence of the facilitator.
Scattering of ALFVtN Waves 13Y Random Density Fluctuations. (1974)

The scattering of coherent Alfve'n waves by random density fluctuations is considered, using both the method of first-order smoothing and the first Born approximation. The method of first- order smoothing provides dispersion relations for the propagation of Alfven waves in an infinite medium in which the density is a spatially homogeneous random function. The Born approximation is used to solve the problem of the scattering of a coherent Alfven wave by a patch of density fluctuations and to calculate the mean square scattered dilatation (divergence of velocity) and vorticity and the ratio of average total energy scattered into magnetosonic modes to that scattered into Alfven modes. It is shown that in general a coherent Alfve'n wave undergoes damping while propagating through a medium which contains random density fluctuations, and several interesting properties of the mean scattered energy are discussed. Applications of the results to hydromagnetic wave propagation in the solar wind, scattering of Alfven waves by tangential discontinuities, and the problem of heating the solar wind are given. Subject headings: hydromagnetics - interplanetary medium
Preliminary results of drilling and testing in the Puna geothermal system, Hawaii (1985)

On cover: "Preprints, tenth workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, January 22-24, 1985. Stanford Geothermal Program, Interdisciplinary Research in Engineering and Earth Science, Stanford University."
Innovations in the brewing industry: light beer (2014)

The demand for light beers has led brewers to innovate by developing light beer. However, these products are not widely accepted in Europe compared to North America and Australasia because of their lack of fullness in the taste and low bitterness compared with conventional beer. The lower levels of some important compounds, present in light beer, can explain these features since they are responsible for the characteristics of the beer. These include alcohol soluble proteins, oligosaccharides, glycerol, polyphenols, iso-α-acids, fusel alcohols and trihydroxy fatty acids. Light beer is produced by several methods, the most commonly used is the addition of glucoamylase to the wort before or during fermentation. This enzyme metabolizes residual carbohydrates (mainly dextrins) transforming them into fermentable sugars and reducing the caloric and alcohol content in this type of beer. Recently pilot studies have been carried out with genetically engineered yeast strains in which amylolytic genes are introduced into the yeast genome in order to metabolize carbohydrate residues. When introducing amylolytic genes, a better fermentability occurs although the fullness of flavor still becomes reduced.
Two FGFRL-Wnt circuits organize the planarian anteroposterior axis (2016)

How positional information instructs adult tissue maintenance is poorly understood. Planarians undergo whole-body regeneration and tissue turnover, providing a model for adult positional information studies. Genes encoding secreted and transmembrane components of multiple developmental pathways are predominantly expressed in planarian muscle cells. Several of these genes regulate regional identity, consistent with muscle harboring positional information. Here, single-cell RNA-sequencing of 115 muscle cells from distinct anterior-posterior regions identified 44 regionally expressed genes, including multiple Wnt and ndk/FGF receptor-like (ndl/FGFRL) genes. Two distinct FGFRL-Wnt circuits, involving juxtaposed anterior FGFRL and posterior Wnt expression domains, controlled planarian head and trunk patterning. ndl-3 and wntP-2 inhibition expanded the trunk, forming ectopic mouths and secondary pharynges, which independently extended and ingested food. fz5/8-4 inhibition, like that of ndk and wntA, caused posterior brain expansion and ectopic eye formation. Our results suggest that FGFRL-Wnt circuits operate within a body-wide coordinate system to control adult axial positioning.
The radical ions from bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3-diphosphaallene. A multi-disciplinary approach and a reassessment (1999)

The radical ions from bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3-diphosphaallene were investigated through EPR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and pulse radiolysis. Cyclic voltammetry indicated an oxidation potential of 2.0 V vs. SCE and a reduction potential in the range –1.97 to –2.10 V vs. SCE, depending on solvent. Whilst the starting compound does not significantly absorb beyond 300 nm, the absorption spectrum of the radical cation is characterised by bands centred at ca. 320 and ca. 410 nm: according to EOM-CCSD calculations on the unsubstituted diphosphaallene the latter band should be due to a transition from the SOMO to the second LUMO, while the former might result from the overlapping of three different transitions. The EPR spectra recorded in the present study upon reduction of the title compound are far more complex than those recently published, and significant differences have been observed upon chemical or electrochemical reduction. A higher spin density on the phosphorus atoms is observed in the anion than in the cation, in agreement with the different nature of the SOMO in the two species predicted by UB3LYP calculations on the model compound diphenyl-1,3-diphosphaallene, which also predict for both ions the existence of cis and trans geometrical isomers, the latter being more stable. In both radical ions the unpaired electron is mainly localised in the PCP moiety, namely in a π-allylic type MO in the cation and in a σ MO in the anion. These pictures of the SOMO are opposite to those recently published following MP2 calculations on the unsubstituted diphosphaallene.
Multimedia semantics (2010)

Digital media production and consumption has skyrocketed in recent years and is now commonplace in many parts of our lives - from the way we entertain and inform ourselves to the way we communicate, socialize, and learn. With the tremendous growth of multimedia come great opportunities but even greater expectations and challenges. Traditional approaches of multimedia description based on manual tagging, production metadata, and link analysis are typically coarse-grained and inadequate. Advances in semantic understanding of multimedia content over recent years are instrumental for unlocking the full potential of multimedia.
Lateral semicircular canal plugging: a simple and effective surgical treatment against incapacitating Menière's disease. (2008)

LCP is a simple and safe new treatment that could be very useful to control vertigo in Menière's disease. Early and late tolerance are excellent. This prospective study will go on to evaluate the potential of this innovating treatment: LCP could be recommended as an alternative to VN or chemical labyrinthectomy, except in case of drop attacks.
Concurrent Monitoring of Brainstem Auditory and Somatosensory Evoked Potentials During Carotid Endarterectomy (1990)

Intraoperative management of a 68-year-old man with a 3-month history of presyncopal attacks presenting for left carotid endarterectomy is reported. Preoperative angiograms revealed that the patient had a 90% stenosis of his left internal carotid artery and a 35% stenosis of right internal carotid artery, absent posterior communicating arteries, a totally occluded left vertebral artery, and a right vertebral artery that became compressed upon turning his head to the right, often precipitating the presyncopal attacks. The surgical procedure was managed with intraoperative monitoring of both brainstem auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials. The patient had an uneventful outcome. The anesthetic management is discussed.
Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase 1 Mediates Survival Signals in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia via Kynurenine/Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated MCL1 Modulation (2022)

The indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) metabolic circuitry, comprising the first tryptophan (Trp) catabolite L-kynurenine (Kyn) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), has emerged as a mechanism of cancer immune evasion. Here, we investigated the functional role of the IDO1/Kyn/AHR axis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Our data show that CLL cells expressed an active form of the IDO1 enzyme and microenvironmental stimuli can positively modulate its expression. Interferon (IFN)-γ induces IDO1 expression through the Jak/STAT1 pathway and mediates Kyn production concomitantly with Trp consumption in CLL-conditioned media, while INCB018424 (ruxolitinib), a JAK1/2 inhibitor, impaired both effects. To characterize the involvement of IDO1 in leukemic cell maintenance, we overexpressed IDO1 by vector transfection measuring enhanced resistance to spontaneous apoptosis. IDO1 pro-survival influence was confirmed by treating CLL cells with Kyn, which mediated the increase of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (MCL1). Conversely, AHR silencing or its blockade <i>via</i> CH-223191 improved the apoptosis of leukemic clones and mitigated MCL1 expression. Moreover, Kyn-treated CLL cells are less affected by the pro-apoptotic effect of ABT-199 (venetoclax), while CH-223191 showed synergistic/additive cytotoxicity with this drug. Lastly, targeting directly MCL1 in CLL cells with AMG-176, we abrogate the pro-survival effect of Kyn. In conclusion, our data identify IDO1/Kyn/AHR signaling as a new therapeutic target for CLL, describing for the first time its role in CLL pathobiology.
SPR photo diode detector using transportation phenomenon of photon and electron coupling (2011)

We propose a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) photodiode (PD) detector using transportation phenomenon of photon and electron coupling. Since SPR is usually measured by reflection intensity, a large space for measuring the intensity is required. Thus, we develop an SPR detector, which can detect an SPR condition without measuring the reflection intensity as shown in Figure 1(a). In this paper, we show that an SPR can be measured by using the sensor. And we verified the SPR transportation phenomenon of photon and electron coupling from experimental results.
Genetic Diversity of Archaea in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Environments (1999)

Molecular phylogenetic analysis of naturally occurring archaeal communities in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments was carried out by PCR-mediated small subunit rRNA gene (SSU rDNA) sequencing. As determined through partial sequencing of rDNA clones amplified with archaea-specific primers, the archaeal populations in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments showed a great genetic diversity, and most members of these populations appeared to be uncultivated and unidentified organisms. In the phylogenetic analysis, a number of rDNA sequences obtained from deep-sea hydrothermal vents were placed in deep lineages of the crenarchaeotic phylum prior to the divergence of cultivated thermophilic members of the crenarchaeota or between thermophilic members of the euryarchaeota and members of the methanogen-halophile clade. Whole cell in situ hybridization analysis suggested that some microorganisms of novel phylotypes predicted by molecular phylogenetic analysis were likely present in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments. These findings expand our view of the genetic diversity of archaea in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments and of the phylogenetic organization of archaea.
Multiple beam generation using a stratified volume holographic grating (1993)

The parameters of several stratified volume holographic gratings are optimized in order to obtain high diffraction efficiency beam spliters. Two-, three-, five-, seven-, and nine-beam fan-outs are theoretically studied and compared with what has been achieved by other means. With a simple optical setup, a fan-out element that generates seven beams of equal intensity is experimentally realized and a comparison with theory is made.
Thermal behavior ofc(2×2)layers in the Pb/Cu(110) system and the influence of surface defects on the order-disorder transition (2000)

The thermal behavior of a $c(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ Pb overlayer on Cu(110) surface is studied by thermal energy atom scattering. Diffraction analysis reveals a continuous reversible order-disorder transition with temperature at $437\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.5$ K. Two of the extracted critical exponents, $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and $\ensuremath{\nu},$ are in good agreement with those of the two-dimensional Ising universality class. The third, $\ensuremath{\beta},$ associated with the disappearance of long-range order in the layer, is, however, smaller than the theoretical expectations. The observed transition is discussed in a framework of model, where the deviation of one of the exponents $\ensuremath{\beta},$ $\ensuremath{\gamma},$ and $\ensuremath{\nu}$ from its exact value depends in a different way on the kind of ``imperfection'' (mean terrace width, domain boundaries, ``frozen-in'' surface defects, local distortions, and surface alloying) in the real physical system. The annihilation of domain walls, created during the simultaneous growth of $c(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ phase on two equivalent sublattices of ${$110$}$ fcc surface, is found at 310 K. The experimental findings indicate also a noticeable change in the surface corrugation during the observed order-disorder transition.
Influence of Film Adhesion on PET-hair of Laminated Steel in the Forming Process of DI Can (2013)

Application of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film laminated steel to DI process was expected to be beneficial but had a problem (hereinafter referred to as PET-hair) of film shaving or breaking at formed can edge due to no flange making in process. We indicated in our previous study some findings related to the influences of material properties on the PET-hair. In this study, we investigated influences of PET film adhesion to substrate as a possible factor on the generation of PET-hair, through evaluating the PET-hair on DI forming with different PET laminated steels, where 4 kinds of plating as surface treatment on steel were used, and have reached the following conclusions. The steel substrates with tin nickel alloy plating, which indicate strong adhesion to PET film, tend to get the PET-hair generation reduced more than the substrates with the other plating materials. Reviewing the obtained data from the point of PET film adhesion, we found also reduction of the PET-hair generation in the case of over 15N in 180 degree peel strength of the laminated materials. We presume that stronger film adhesion makes smaller deformation of PET film at the interface, leading to reduction of the PET-hair generation.
Ökonomische Auswirkungen der durch Biomarker uPA/PAI-1-Testung vermiedenen Chemotherapien bei nodal-negativem primären Mammakarzinom (2012)

Fragestellung: Invasionsfaktoren uPA/PAI-1 sind ASCO- bzw. AGO-Leitlinien-empfohlene Biomarker zur Entscheidungsfindung für die individuelle Notwendigkeit einer adjuvanten CTX bei primärem nodal-negativen Mammakarzinom. In der Zielgruppe des Tests kann die Notwendigkeit von CTX so um rd. 40% reduziert werden. In einem Modell sollen gesundheitsökonomische Auswirkungen der Test-Anwendung untersucht werden. Methode:
The Ants and Nothing but the Ants The Ants Bert Hölldobler Edward O. Wilson (1991)

The Ants and Nothing but the Ants The Ants. Hölldobler Bert and Wilson Edward O.. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1990. 732 pp., illus. $65.00 (ISBN 0-674-04075-9 cloth). Jerry L. Stimac Jerry L. Stimac Department of Entomology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, Volume 41, Issue 3, March 1991, Page 168, https://doi.org/10.2307/1311458 Published: 01 March 1991
Media Resource Control Protocol Version 2 (MRCPv2) (2012)

The MRCPv2 protocol allows client hosts to control media service
resources such as speech synthesizers, recognizers, verifiers and
identifiers residing in servers on the network. MRCPv2 is not a
stand-alone protocol - it relies on a session management protocol
such as the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) to establish the MRCPv2
control session between the client and the server, and for rendezvous
and capability discovery. It also depends on SIP and SDP to establish
the media sessions and associated parameters between the media source
or sink and the media server. Once this is done, the MRCPv2 protocol
exchange operates over the control session established above, allowing
the client to control the media processing resources on the speech
resource server.
Group I Introns in Staphylococcus Bacteriophages (2013)

The abundance of group I introns, intragenic RNA sequences capable of self-splicing, in Gram-positive bacteriophage genomes, is illustrated by various new group I introns recently described in Staphylococcus phage genomes. These introns were found to interrupt DNA metabolism genes as well as late genes. These group I introns often code for homing endonucleases, which promote lateral transfer of group I introns, thereby enabling spread through a population. Homing endonucleases encoded by group I introns in Staphylococcus phage genomes were predicted to belong to the GIY-YIG, LAGLIDADG, HNH or EDxHD family of endonucleases. The group I intron distribution in Staphylococcus phage genomes exemplifies the homology between these introns as well as the encoded endonucleases. Despite several suggested functions, the role of group I introns in bacteriophages remains unclear or might be nonexistent. However, transcriptome analysis might provide additional information to elucidate the possible purpose of group I introns in phage genomes.
Phage Lysin LysK Can Be Truncated to Its CHAP Domain and Retain Lytic Activity against Live Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococci (2008)

A truncated derivative of the phage endolysin LysK containing only the CHAP (cysteine- and histidine-dependent amidohydrolase/peptidase) domain exhibited lytic activity against live clinical staphylococcal isolates, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This is the first known report of a truncated phage lysin which retains high lytic activity against live staphylococcal cells.
Platelet Activation in the Cerebral Circulation in Different Subtypes of Ischemic Stroke and Binswanger’s Disease (1995)

Platelets were activated in the cerebral circulation of patients with stroke even in the chronic phase, which suggests the development of underlying vascular lesions and of thrombogenesis with or without infarction. Platelets were activated mainly within the heart in cases of cardioembolic stroke. An enhanced release reaction secondary to platelet activation was often seen in patients with Binswanger's disease, which indicates that its pathophysiology differs from that of other subtypes of stroke.