gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional activation of the tat-defective human immunodeficiency virus type-1 provirus: Effect of interferon (1992)

The effect of human interferon-alpha 2 (HuIFN-alpha 2) on the activation of HIV-1 provirus was studied in cell lines containing either an integrated tat-defective HIV-1 provirus (HIV-1 (-tat)) (HNHIVdt4 cells) or the HIV-1 (-tat) provirus and a plasmid in which the expression of HuIFN-alpha 2 was under the control of HIV LTR (HNHIV alpha 1 cells). In both cell lines, the expression of HIV-1 RNA was below the limit of detection, but transcription of the HIV-1 (-tat) provirus could be induced either by transfection with Tat-expressing plasmid or by treatment with TPA and cycloheximide (CHX). By contrast, stimulation with TPA alone induced HIV-1 transcription only in HNHIVdt4 cells, but not in HNHIV alpha 1 cells that produced low levels of IFN-alpha constitutively. Similarly in a transient expression assay, TPA upregulated transcription of the transfected HIV-1 CAT plasmid only in HNHIVdt4 cells, but not in HNHIV alpha 1 cells. UV-crosslinking analysis of NF-kappa B-specific proteins induced in TPA-treated cells showed the presence of 45 and 55 kDa NF-kappa B-binding protein in TPA-induced HNHIVdt4 cells while, in HNHIV alpha 1 cells, we detected only 55-, 110-, and 200-kDa proteins, but no 45-kDa protein. The transcriptional effects of IFN could not, however, be seen in the presence of Tat protein, suggesting that the virus developed a mechanism to overcome the IFN-mediated restrictions.
POWER DOPPLER ULTRASOUND MAPPING IN NONOBSTRUCTIVE AZOOSPERMIC PATIENTS PRIOR TO TESTICULAR SPERM EXTRACTION (2005)

This study was conducted to localize the testicular regions, which have better blood circulation by power Doppler ultrasonography in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia before testicular sperm extraction (TESE), and to investigate whether these vascularized areas have a high sperm retrieval rate or not. We evaluated 110 testes of 55 cases that were diagnosed as nonobstructive azoospermia. The mean age of the study group was 33 years (range 26 to 42). Patients with Y chromosome microdeletions, karyotype and hormonal abnormalities (except elevated FSH levels) were excluded from the study. In all cases, testes were evaluated by power Doppler ultrasonography before testicular sperm extraction. Testis was divided vertically into five equal parts and the area with maximum vascularity was determined subjectively. During testicular sperm extraction, starting from best-perfused areas, biopsies were done. If no motile or sufficient amount of sperm was found, TESE procedure was tried on the contralateral testis. TESE were performed from 82 testes and for the regions that show good and poor vascularity. The sperm finding rate was 38% and 14%, respectively (OR = 3.55)(p = 0.001). Power Doppler ultrasound mapping of the testis in nonobstructive azoospermic cases is a reliable and informative method to assess spermatogenic foci. It is a noninvasive technique that minimizes the unnecessary removal of hormone producing tissue and gives chance to end the TESE earlier than currently practiced procedures.
Eiffcient Implementation of Convolution Neural Networks Inference On Manycore Architectures (2017)

The convolution module of convolution neural networks is highly computation demanding. In order to execute a neural network inference on embedded platforms, an ecient implementation of the convolu ...
A Shape-Shifting Wall Display that Supports Individual and Group Activities (2015)

We contribute a shape-shifting wall display that dynamically changes its physical shape to support particular individual and group activities. Our current prototype comprises three vertical slim screens, each mounted on a mobile robot. Different shapes are created by controlling the position and angle of each robot. Examples include: (1) a flat wall display for collaboratively sharing visual content; (2) three separated screens for individual work; (3) a concave screen that provides a more immersive and private experience; (4) a convex screen that supports a mix of individual and group work, (5) tilted screens, and others. Shape-changing is controlled explicitly or implicitly. Explicit control occurs when a collaborator indicates a desired shape via a hand gesture. Implicit control occurs when the system infers a change in the group’s context, e.g., as determined from a change in the screen’s contents, or by monitoring the spatial relations between participants around the display (via proxemics and F-formations). Several interaction scenarios illustrate how a shape-changing display is used in practice.
Health care expenses in retirement and the use of health savings accounts. (2004)

The new Medicare drug law that was enacted in late 2003 makes two changes that supporters of the law say should make it easier for today's workers to prepare to pay the medical bills they will confront in retirement: prescription drug benefits (the new Medicare Part D) and health savings accounts (HSAs). This paper examines the impact of Medicare Part D on savings needed for insurance premiums to supplement Medicare, Medicare Part B and D premiums, and out-of-pocket expenses in retirement, and examines the viability of using HSAs to save for these expenses. It presents a wide range of estimates based on various ages at the time of death, because longevity risk is a major threat to retirement income security. This range of estimates also varies with various assumptions regarding health insurance premium inflation rates and out-of-pocket expenses. Projecting the amount needed for medical expenses in retirement is tentative and complex because it requires conclusions about the range by which medical inflation will exceed consumer prices generally, as well as assumptions about whether medical practices will change in a way that makes Medicare coverage for a given ailment more or less likely.
Implications of a resource-poor future for the development of armour materials (2008)

We are using too much resources with too many people much too fast on a global scale.For a number of essential resources, amongst others regular oil and a number of metals, the maximum possible rate of production has been reached or will be reached soon, causing a growing gap between restricted supply and growing world demand.The problem of mineral resources is not so much the dwindling of supplies but the increasing amount of energy required to extract the same amount of minerals from lower ore grades while at the same time energy is steadily becoming less affordable.By getting by on less energy and resources and by using careful substitution, by recycling and by reusing we can anticipate the future restrictions in materials selection.Not coincidentally, important material technology breakthroughs from a less energy-intensive past may point towards armour material developments for future mass production which are suitable for a less energy-intensive future.Examples are armour steels using minor amounts of alloying elements (development started a century ago) and aluminium-magnesium alloys (developed half a century ago).
Insecticides for Cat Flea Larvae Control, 1980 (1981)

Abstract The performance of residual deposits of insecticides applied to carpet was evaluated against 2nd to 3rd instar cat flea larvae. Larvae were obtained from eggs from adult fleas maintained on caged domestic cats. Larvae were provided rearing medium consisting of pulverized dog chow, dried beef blood and brewer’s yeast (20:3:2 by wt). When 7 days old, larvae were aspirated from a thin layer of their media scattered in a porcelain pan. A very common short shag carpet 5/8-inch deep was treated. The carpet had 196 double mulfifiber strands of 100% nylon/sq inch. Discs of carpet (3.5 in diam) were treated with the liquid insecticides sprayed from a custom-made paint gun sprayer equipped with a fine-fan nozzle. The Spray was delivered at 20 psi. Replicated series of discs were sprayed to provide 23.7 mg ai/sq ft when 0.5% concentration was used. Higher and lower concentrations provided proportionately more or less active ingredient. A predetermined amount of aerosol was applied from ca 6-8 in to provide comparable rates of active ingredient with insecticides applied with the sprayer. Sprays of Ficam W and Knox Out were also applied at 20 psi from a 1-gal B&amp;G compression sprayer equipped with a Spraying Systems Multeejet no. 800067 fine-fan nozzle. Sprays were applied at 1-gal/800 sq ft. Three plugs (0.8-in diam) cut from treated and untreated carpet were placed at the bottom of individual 0.8-inch diam x 3-inch glass shell vials. Larval medium (ca 0.1 cc) was tapped to the base of each plug. Ten larvae placed on each plug were maintained for at least 5 days in a desiccator chamber at 80°F, 75% RH. After exposure, each replicate was examined for adults, pupae and larvae. About 95% of larvae in the untreated series could be accounted for, mortality ranging from 0 to 10%. Larval mortality on treated carpet was corrected with Abbott’s formula.
Superconductivity in Pb cluster assembled systems with different degrees of coagulation (2010)

Superconducting properties are observed and investigated in Pb nanogranular systems prepared by deposition of clusters produced in a laser vaporization cluster source. Different morphologies were achieved by controlling the degree of coagulation via the substrate temperature and the magnetic response of these systems was studied. Deposition on substrates at temperatures above $200\text{ }\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\text{C}$ results in an ensemble of weakly coupled islands showing superconducting confinement effects. Cluster deposition on cooled substrates limits the coagulation and results in cluster assembled thin films with strong intergrain coupling. This method provides a unique way to produce systems with very high flux pinning leading to avalanche effects.
Induction of settlement in mussel (Perna canaliculus) larvae by vessel noise (2012)

Underwater sound plays an important role in the settlement behaviour of many coastal organisms. Large steel-hulled vessels are known to be a major source of underwater sound in the marine environment. The possibility that underwater sound from vessels may promote biofouling of hulls through triggering natural larval settlement cues was investigated for the mussel, Perna canaliculus. The mussel larvae showed significantly faster settlement when exposed to the underwater noise produced by a 125-m long steel-hulled passenger and freight ferry. Median time to attachment on the substrata (ie settlement) was reduced by 22% and the time taken for all experimental larvae to settle was reduced by 40% relative to a silent control. There was no difference in the survival of the mussel larvae among the various noise treatments. The decrease in settlement time of the mussel larvae appeared to correlate with the intensity of the vessel sound, suggesting that underwater sound emanating from vessels may be an important factor in exacerbating hull fouling by mussels.
“En-Glove” Lysis of Lower Eyelid Retractors With AlloDerm and Dermis-Fat Grafts in Lower Eyelid Retraction Surgery (2010)

"En-glove" lower eyelid retraction surgical technique offers a minimally invasive approach for the release of the lower eyelid retractors and allows for volume augmentation using either AlloDerm or dermis-fat spacer graft.
Cover Picture: Understanding Palladium Acetate from a User Perspective (Chem. Eur. J. 23/2016) (2016)

The illusion of pure palladium acetate from antiquated methods has been dispelled. Now that the magic card has been discovered, all other methods to synthesize Pd3(OAc)6 have been trumped. More information on the trick can be found in the Minireview by W. A. Carole and T. J. Colacot on page 7686 ff. The illusion of pure palladium acetate from antiquated methods has been dispelled. Now that the magic card has been discovered, all other methods to synthesize Pd3(OAc)6 have been trumped. More information on the trick can be found in the Minireview by W. A. Carole and T. J. Colacot on page 7686 ff.
Data representation and reduction for chromatin texture in nuclei from premalignant prostatic, esophageal, and colonic lesions (2000)

Background To identify nuclei and lesions with great specificity, a large set of karyometric features is arranged in the form of a linear profile, called a nuclear signature. The karyometric feature values are normalized as z-values. Their ordering along the profile axis is arbitrary but consistent. The profile of the nuclear signature is distinctive; it can be characterized by a new set of variables called contour features. A number of data reduction methods are introduced and their performance is compared with that of the karyometric features in the classification of prostatic, colonic, and esophageal lesions. Methods Contour characteristics were reduced to descriptive statistics of the set of z-values in the nuclear signature and to sequence information. The contour features derived were (1) relative frequencies of occurrence of z-values and of their differences and (2) co-occurrence statistics, run lengths of z-values, and statistics of higher-order dependencies. Performance was evaluated by comparing classification scores of diagnostic groups. Results Rates for correct classification by karyometric features alone and contour features alone indicate equivalent performance. Classification by a combined set of features led to an increase in correct classification. Conclusions Image analysis and subsequent data reduction of nuclear signatures of contour features is a novel method, providing quantitative information that may lead to an effective identification of nuclei and lesions. Cytometry 41:133–138, 2000 © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Proximity awareness and fast connection establishment in Bluetooth (2000)

Proximity awareness in Bluetooth technology is implemented via an asymmetric point to point sender-receiver protocol where senders are trying to discover receivers in the vicinity. This paper tries to shed some light on the link formation delay by first identifying the delay bottlenecks in the asymmetric neighborhood discovery process and then discussing the factors that affect certain parameter decisions. A symmetric technique for establishing ad hoc connectivity is introduced which imposes each node to alternate between the sender and receiver state in a random fashion. The results show that the connection establishment delay can be reduced if appropriate decisions are made in the choice of parameters.
<title>Performance of laser guide star adaptive optics at Lick Observatory</title> (1995)

A sodium-layer laser guide star adaptive optics system has been developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) for use on the 3-meter Shane telescope at Lick Observatory. The system is based on a 127-actuator continuous-surface deformable mirror, a Hartmann wavefront sensor equipped with a fast-framing low-noise CCD camera, and a pulsed solid-state-pumped dye laser tuned to the atomic sodium resonance line at 589 nm. The adaptive optics system has been tested on the Shane telescope using natural reference stars yielding up to a factor of 12 increase in image peak intensity and a factor of 6.5 reduction in image full width at half maximum (FWHM). The results are consistent with theoretical expectations. The laser guide star system has been installed and operated on the Shane telescope yielding a beam with 22 W average power at 589 nm. Based on experimental data, this laser should generate an 8th magnitude guide star at this site, and the integrated laser guide star adaptive optics system should produce images with strehl ratios of 0.4 at 2.2 micrometer in median seeing and 0.7 at 2.2 micrometer in good seeing.
Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Cinnolinium Salts from Azobenzenes and Alkynes: Application to the Synthesis of Indoles and Cinnolines (2013)

Versatile salts: A new rhodium-catalyzed synthesis of cinnolinium salts from various azobenzenes and alkynes under air is described. These salts readily transform into three important classes of products, including indoles, indoloindoles, and cinnolines (see scheme).
Frontispiece: Reversal of a Single Base‐Pair Step Controls Guanine Photo‐Oxidation by an Intercalating Ruthenium(II) Dipyridophenazine Complex (2015)

DNA Photooxidation Small changes in DNA sequence can have major biological effects. P. M. Keane, C. J. Cardin, J. M. Kelly et al. show on page 8364 ff. that the reversal of a single base-pair step has a dramatic effect on the guanine photooxidation by a DNA-intercalating RuII complex.
Genome Sequencing of Ralstonia solanacearum FQY_4, Isolated from a Bacterial Wilt Nursery Used for Breeding Crop Resistance (2013)

Ralstonia solanacearum strain FQY_4 was isolated from a bacterial wilt nursery, which is used for breeding crops for Ralstonia resistance in China. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of FQY_4 and its comparison with other published R. solanacearum genomes, especially with the strains GMI1000 and Y45 in the same group.
Rate of Rumen Metabolism of C14-Labeled Alfalfa Hay as Determined by Specific Activity of Rumen Volatile Fatty Acids, Blood, Urine, and Feces (1964)

Studies were initiated with C~Mabeled alfalfa hay to determine how the unaltered forage is metabolized in the rumen. Labeled hay was placed in the rumens of three fistulated cows fed unlabeled hay initially and at 12-hr intervals. The specific activity (SA) of rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA) was high in the first sample taken (15 min). Peak activity occurred at 1 hr, then declined steadily until the last sample was taken (75 hr). The SA cmwe for urine was similar to that of rumen VFA, but the peak SA of urine lagged behind that of rumen VFA. The SA of jugular vein blood increased during the first 24 hr and remained at this level until the last sample was obtained (80 hr). A small degree of activity appeared in the first fecal sample obtained at 6 hr. Fecal SA increased rapidly and reached maximum values between 20 and 38 hr, thereafter declining until collections were terminated (95 hr). In a second experiment, ClMabeled hay was partitioned into a hot water-soluble extract and an insoluble residue and administered separately to a pair of identical-twin cows. The soluble extract was metabolized about four times faster than the insoluble residue. Apparently, certain constituents of the insoluble residue were metabolized to rumen VFA at a rapid rate. Samples taken 5 rain after feeding had high specific activities. The SA peaks for urine, blood, and feces were similar to those observed in Experiment 1. These results indicate that the rumen metabolism of certain components of alfalfa hay begins a few minutes after feeding and the metabolism of others may continue for several hours.
Do users get what they want? (1993)

article Free Access Share on Do users get what they want? Authors: Janet Low View Profile , Bob Malcolm View Profile , Steve Woolgar View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGOIS BulletinVolume 14Issue 2Dec. 1993 pp 3–7https://doi.org/10.1145/170846.170849Online:01 December 1993Publication History 2citation14DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads14Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
In Situ Infrared Reflection Absorption Spectroscopic Studies of Coadsorption of CO with Underpotential-Deposited Lead on Pt(111) in an Aqueous Acidic Solution (2000)

The effects of underpotential-deposited lead on the adsorption of CO on Pt(111) surfaces have been investigated in 0.1 M HClO4 by in situ infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). Lead coverages of about 0.4 on Pt(111) electrodes polarized at 0.1 V vs RHE prevent CO from adsorbing on multiply bonded sites, reducing the overall coverage to about a third of that observed in the absence of coadsorbed Pb under otherwise identical conditions, yielding a single, sharply-defined feature in the infrared reflection absorption spectra characteristic of atop-bonded CO. However, the integrated absorption band of atop CO at 0.1 V in the presence of coadsorbed Pb was found to be about 3 times higher than that predicted from the corresponding spectral features observed for Pb-free surfaces at that specific coverage corrected for dipole−dipole coupling interactions. Although much of this effect may be due to a Pb-induced decrease in the dielectric screening within the CO adlayer, the gains in intensity are too large to be explained solely on this basis, pointing to chemical factors, such as Pt−Pb charge polarization, as an important factor.
DNA Extraction from Liquid Blood Using QIAamp (1997)

The implementation of convicted felon DNA databases by increasing numbers of forensic science laboratories has engendered the need for a quick, efficient, and cost-effective method for the isolation of DNA from liquid blood samples. Because of the large numbers of samples involved, the ideal method would combine high throughput capability with maximal yield, high quality, and minimal time. We have found that the QIAGEN QIAamp Blood Kit/Tissue Kit satisfy all of these requirements. This simple, low cost spin column procedure yields purified DNA of approximately 20-30 kb that can be used directly in PCR or other enzymatic reactions without further purification. We compared the QIAamp isolation procedure to the standard SDS-Proteinase K/organic extraction/microcon purification procedure currently used by many forensic laboratories. The QIAamp procedure consistently gave a two- to four-fold increased yield relative to the organic extraction procedure. The DNA obtained was of high molecular weight, exhibited little degradation, and was suitable for RFLP and PCR analyses. We have found QIAGEN's QIAamp DNA isolation procedure to be ideally suited for preparation of samples for DNA databasing.
Probabilistic stopping rules for GRASP heuristics and extensions (2013)

Abstract The main drawback of most metaheuristics is the absence of effective stopping criteria. Most implementations of such algorithms stop after performing a given maximum number of iterations or a given maximum number of consecutive iterations without improvement in the best‐known solution value, or after the stabilization of the set of elite solutions found along the search. We propose effective probabilistic stopping rules for randomized metaheuristics such as GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedures). We show how the probability density function of the solution values obtained along the iterations of such algorithms can be used to implement stopping rules based on the tradeoff between solution quality and the time needed to find a solution that might improve the best solution found. We show experimentally that, in the particular case of GRASP heuristics, the solution values obtained along its iterations fit a normal distribution that may be used to give an online estimation of the number of solutions obtained in forthcoming iterations that might be at least as good as the incumbent. This estimation is used to validate the stopping rule based on the tradeoff between solution quality and the time needed to find a solution that might improve the incumbent. The robustness of this strategy is illustrated and validated by a thorough computational study reporting results obtained with GRASP implementations to four different combinatorial optimization problems.