gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Redoxpotential und alternativen Elektronenakzeptoren als Umweltfaktoren auf die reduktive Dehalogenierung von Tetrachlorethen in Sulfurospirillum multivorans (2011)

Tetrachloroethene (PCE) is among the most ubiquitous contaminats in aquifers and is degradable to less chlorinated ethenes by microorganisms under reductive conditions. The anaerobic bacterium Sulfurospirillum multivorans can couple the reductive dechlorination of PCE to energy conversion via chemiosmotic mechanism (organohalid respiration). In this study the influence of different alternative electron acceptors and the redox potentials on the reductive dechlorination of PCE by S. multivorans was investigated.&#13;\nDuring the growth of S. multivorans the redox potential of the cultivation media changed and was, depending on the used substrates, adjusted to values between -250 mV and &#13;\n-50 mV. The redox potential of the medium was adjusted by the usage of redox active compounds and by potentiostat-controlled graphite electrodes. There was only a little impact on the dechlorination of PCE when the redox potential of the media was adjusted between +400 mV and -600 mV.&#13;\nIt could be demonstrated that S. multivorans is able to grow in the presence of O2 in the gas phase of closed cultivation vessels and pyruvate as electron donor. The optimal growth was observed with 10 % O2 in the gas phase. During growth oxygen and pyruvate are consumed. This indicates, S. multivorans is a microaerobic organism. The dechlorination of PCE was not inhibited in the presence of the alternative electron acceptors fumarate, nitrate and oxygen, respectively, in combination with pyruvate as electron donor. &#13;\nDuring long term cultivation with different substrates in the absence of PCE or trichloroethene (TCE) the activity of the PCE dehalogenase (PceA) was lost attended with a loss of pceA gene expression and protein biosynthesis of PceA after more than 60 generations. However, the PCE dehalogenase in PceA depleded (PceA–) cells was inducible with PCE or TCE. It was shown that long-term cultivated cells still contain the functional pceA gene.
A radial slot based leaky-wave antenna design for continuous one-sided beam scanning and broadside radiation (2012)

A leaky-wave antenna (LWA) for continuous beam scanning and broadside radiation is presented for microwave and millimeter-wave applications. The fabricated and measured LWA design is defined by a two layer parallel-plate guiding structure and power leakage is achieved by a radial configuration of rectangular slots etched in the top conducting plate. One-sided frequency beam scanning in the far-field is shown over a large radiating bandwidth (19.0 GHz to 25.7 GHz), and pointing angles ranging from -19.5° to +39.0° are observed in the E(x-z) plane. In addition, measurements are in agreement with the simulations and realized gain values are greater than 10 dBi from 20.9 to 24.2 GHz (inclusive) with a 14.6 dBi measured maximum gain at 23.4 GHz, and +15° away from the broadside direction.
A Mutation in the FHA Domain ofCoprinus cinereusNbs1 Leads to Spo11-Independent Meiotic Recombination and Chromosome Segregation (2013)

Nbs1, a core component of the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex, plays an essential role in the cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and poorly understood roles in meiosis. We used the basidiomycete Coprinus cinereus to examine the meiotic roles of Nbs1. We identified the C. cinereus nbs1 gene and demonstrated that it corresponds to a complementation group previously known as rad3. One allele, nbs1-2, harbors a point mutation in the Nbs1 FHA domain and has a mild spore viability defect, increased frequency of meiosis I nondisjunction, and an altered crossover distribution. The nbs1-2 strain enters meiosis with increased levels of phosphorylated H2AX, which we hypothesize represent unrepaired DSBs formed during premeiotic replication. In nbs1-2, there is no apparent induction of Spo11-dependent DSBs during prophase. We propose that replication-dependent DSBs, resulting from defective replication fork protection and processing by the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex, are competent to form meiotic crossovers in C. cinereus, and that these crossovers lead to high levels of faithful chromosome segregation. In addition, although crossover distribution is altered in nbs1-2, the majority of crossovers were found in subtelomeric regions, as in wild-type. Therefore, the location of crossovers in C. cinereus is maintained when DSBs are induced via a Spo11-independent mechanism.
New Insights into Influenza Vaccines (2007)

The makeup of influenza vaccines is adjusted annually to meet the changing antigenic characteristics of circulating influenza A and B viruses. The
Detailed Spectral Analysis of the 260 ksXMM‐NewtonData of 1E 1207.4−5209 and Significance of a 2.1 keV Absorption Feature (2005)

We have reanalyzed the 260 ks XMM-Newton observation of 1E 1207.45209. There are several significant improvements over previous work. First, a much broader range of physically plausible spectral models was used. Second, we have used a more rigorous statistical analysis. The standard F-distribution was not employed, but rather the exact finite statistics F-distribution was determined by Monte Carlo simulations. This approach was motivated by the recent work of Protassov and coworkers and Freeman and coworkers. They demonstrated that the standard F-distribution is not even asymptotically correct when applied to assess the significance of additional absorption features in a spectrum. With our improved analysis we do not find a third and fourth spectral feature in 1E 1207.4 5209 but only the two broad absorption features previously reported. Two additional statistical tests, one line model dependent and the other line model independent, confirmed our modified F-test analysis. For all physically plausible continuum models in which the weak residuals are strong enough to fit, the residuals occur at the instrument Au M edge. As a sanity check we confirmed that the residuals are consistent in strength and position with the instrument Au M residuals observed in 3C 273.
Recall rendered dependent on an opiate state. (1999)

Remembering may require that the organism be in a state that is similar to that in which the event was initially experienced (state dependence [StD]). We determined whether morphine induces StD and whether this StD is conceivably involved in the analgesic effects that opiates produce. Rats trained while treated with morphine recalled the learned response when tested with this opiate but not when in their nondrugged state, and vice versa. Furthermore, morphine analgesia occurred in a manner that was similar to StD in terms of both dose and time. In as much as responses to nociceptive stimulation are learned during the course of ontogeny, StD may constitute the psychophysiological mechanism whereby opiates produce their characteristic analgesic effects.
A hybrid DCT-SVD image-coding algorithm (2002)

We propose an image-coding algorithm which combines the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the singular value decomposition (SVD). The DCT is used to transform those blocks in the source image that exhibit a high correlation, while blocks with greater high-frequency content are transformed using the SVD. A simple criterion is used to decide which transform should be used on each block. Simulation results show that the new hybrid algorithm provides good distortion, bit rate, and image quality-especially in images which are less spatially correlated.
Tunable Mach-Zehnder polarization splitter using height-tapered Y-branches (1997)

A tunable TE/TM polarization splitter, based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with an electrooptic switch, is demonstrated in GaAs-AlGaAs. Symmetric and asymmetric Y-branches employing height-tapered waveguides are used to achieve power splitting and mode sorting, respectively, in the interferometer. The device has an extinction ratio of /spl sim/20 dB and an excess loss less than 1.5 dB for both TE and TM polarized light. The device can be reconfigured by tuning the switching voltage for operation at both 1.3- and 1.55-pm wavelengths.
Anti-Aflatoxigenic Constituents of Pistacia and Juglans Species (1999)

Tree nuts such as pistachios (Pistacia vera), almonds (Prunus dulcis) and walnuts (Juglans regia) are major crops in the state of California, with an aggregate annual value in excess of $1.4 billion. Under certain conditions these nuts may be infected by various strains of Aspergillus flavus and A. paraciticus, resulting in biosynthesis and accumulation of mycotoxins detrimental to qualify and food safety. The carcinogenicity in animals of the primary metabolites, the aflatoxins, has resulted in establishment of tolerance levels. In the U. S. a maximum guidance level limit of 20 ng/g (20 ppb) for nuts intended for human consumption has been set by the Food and Drug Administration, while standards imposed by importing countries are 10 ng/g or less. Phytochemical constituents which are anti-aflatoxigenic have been isolated and identified from pistachios and walnuts, consisting of anacardic acids and naphthoquinones, respectively, and their possible mode of action is describe.
Tests for cream sediment (1935)

Commercial milk plants have employed the sediment test for milk for many years. In fact, the milk sediment test has its place on the milk score card. The amount of sediment is always determined in scoring milk. The test is extremely simple; it consists of passing 1 pint of milk through a sediment tester and catching the sediment present in the milk on a circular pad 1 inch in diameter.\nThe application of a sediment test to cream, on the other hand, has been attempted only very recently. A test as simple as that for milk is impossible. The cream’s high fat content necessitates warming it to melt the fat so that the sample will filter easily; the variable acidity of cream for butter-making necessitates the use of a neutralizing agent, in many instances in order that the filter pad will not clog. Because of the high fat content of the cream it is imperative to use less than a pint in order to reduce the cost and eliminate the handling of a bulky sample after dilution.
D2: Anomaly Detection and Diagnosis in Networked Embedded Systems by Program Profiling and Symptom Mining (2013)

Detecting and diagnosing anomalies in networked embedded systems like sensor networks is a very difficult task, due to the variable workloads and severe resource constraints. We notice that most node-level debugging tools can provide detailed program information inside the node but fail to detect when and where a problem occurs in the network. On the other hand, most network-level diagnosis tools can effectively detect a problem from the network but fail to narrow down the problem within the node because they lack detailed program information. To close the gap, we propose D2, a new anomaly detection and diagnosis method by combining program profiling and symptom mining. D2 employs binary instrumentation to perform lightweight function count profiling. Based on the statistics, D2 uses PCA (Principal Component Analysis) based approach for automatically detecting network anomalies. Compared to previous methods, D2 is able to point programmers closer to the most likely causes by a novel approach combining statistical tests and program call graph analysis. We implement our method based on TinyOS 2.1.1 and evaluate its effectiveness by case studies in the development of a working sensor network. Results show that our method is effective for detecting and diagnosing problems in real-world sensor network systems, and at the same time, incurs an acceptable overhead.
ChemInform Abstract: Room Temperature Asymmetric Allylic Trifluoromethylation of Morita—Baylis—Hillman Carbonates. (2012)

Abstract The bisolvent system permits an optimal ratio of enantioselectivity to reaction rate and good to excellent results are obtained for arylsubstituted substrates.
Cholesterol metabolism in Mycobacterium smegmatis (2012)

The metabolism of cholesterol in Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2) 155 has been investigated by using a microarray approach. The transcriptome of M. smegmatis growing in cholesterol was compared with that of cells growing in glycerol as the sole carbon and energy sources during the middle exponential phase. Microarray analyses revealed that only 89 genes were upregulated at least threefold during growth on cholesterol compared with growth on glycerol. The upregulated genes are scattered throughout the 7 Mb M. smegmatis genome and likely reflect a general physiological adaptation of the bacterium to grow on this highly hydrophobic polycyclic compound. Nevertheless, 39 of the catabolic genes are organized in three specific clusters. These results not only supported the role of KstR and KstR2 as auto-regulated repressors of cholesterol catabolism, and revealed some metabolic similarities and differences on actinobacteria, but more important, they have facilitated the identification of new catabolic genes, opening a research scenario that might provide important clues on the role of cholesterol in tuberculosis infection.
The Relationship between AMP-activated Protein Kinase Activity and AMP Concentration in the Isolated Perfused Rat Heart (2002)

The objective of this study was to define the relationship among AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, AMP concentration ([AMP]), and [ATP] in perfused rat hearts. Bromo-octanoate, an inhibitor of beta-oxidation, and amino-oxyacetate, an inhibitor of the malate-aspartate shuttle, were used to modify substrate flux and thus increase cytosolic [AMP]. Cytosolic [AMP] was calculated using metabolites measured by (31)P NMR spectroscopy. Rat hearts were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution containing glucose and either no inhibitor, the inhibitors, or the inhibitors plus butyrate, a substrate that bypasses the metabolic blocks. In this way, [AMP] changed from 0.2 to 27.9 microm, and [ATP] varied between 11.7 and 6.8 mm. AMPK activity ranged from 7 to 60 pmol.min(-1).microg of protein(-1). The half-maximal AMPK activation (A(0.5)) was 1.8 +/- 0.3 microm AMP. Measurements in vitro have reported similar AMPK A(0.5) at 0.2 mm ATP, but found that A(0.5) increased 10-20-fold at 4 mm ATP. The low A(0.5) of this study despite a high [ATP] suggests that in vivo the ATP antagonism of AMPK activation is reduced, and/or other factors besides AMP activate AMPK in the heart.
Design of a self-portrait application with sensor-assisted guiding for smart devices (2013)

Taking self-portrait on a smart device, such as a smart phone and a digital camera, is a lot of fun and can be easy when we know how. However, there are rare cases that we can get satisfied snapshots at our first try. Furthermore, the snapshots are usually stored on the camera. The user would not able to check the snapshots immediately on the remote side since she stands away the camera. In this paper, we propose a self-portrait application which enables a smart device to prevent faces from being cut out of the camera frame by giving suggestions to users until they are in a suitable position in the frame. In the same time, we enable the smart device to share the photos automatically to the remote device by machine-to-machine technique. The remote device can also control the camera to take photos again. The proposed application has been implemented on an Android smart phone.
Adjustment of the 4-port single-junction circulator (1968)

The 4-port junction circulator differs from the 3-port junction in that the circulation adjustment cannot be reduced to an admittance a t c h i n g procedure. To adjust the 4-port junction circulator requires setting three independent variables. A unique procedure is given for setting the three independent variables one at a time in terms of the scattering coefficients of the junction. The procedure is demonstrated on an experimental waveguide junction.
Charting the Unknown Association of COVID-19 with Thyroid Cancer, Focusing on Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Call for Caution (2021)

A multidisciplinary patient-centered decision-making will ensure high-quality (D)TC care for patients, with or without COVID-19.
Therapy of breast cancer brain metastases: challenges, emerging treatments and perspectives (2018)

Brain metastases are the most common central nervous system tumors in adults, and incidence of brain metastases is increasing due to both improved diagnostic techniques (e.g. magnetic resonance imaging) and increased cancer patient survival through advanced systemic treatments. Outcomes of patients remain disappointing and treatment options are limited, usually involving multimodality approaches. Brain metastases represent an unmet medical need in solid tumor care, especially in breast cancer, where brain metastases are frequent and result in impaired quality of life and death. Challenges in the management of brain metastases have been highlighted in this review. Innovative research and treatment strategies, including prevention approaches and emerging systemic treatment options for brain metastases of breast cancer, are further discussed.
Immunocytochemical localization of alpha2,3(N)-sialyltransferase (ST3Gal III) in cell lines and rat kidney tissue sections: evidence for golgi and post-golgi localization (1998)

Sialylation is a biosynthetic process occurring in the trans compartments of the Golgi apparatus. Corresponding evidence is based on localization and biochemical studies of alpha2, 6(N)-sialyltransferase (ST6Gal I) as previously reported. Here we describe generation and characterization of polyclonal antibodies to recombinant rat alpha2,3(N)-sialyltransferase (ST3Gal III) expressed as a soluble enzyme in Sf9 cells or as a beta-galactosidase-human-ST3Gal III fusion-protein from E.coli , respectively. These antibodies were used to localize ST3Gal III by immunofluorescence in various cell lines and rat kidney tissue sections. In transiently transfected COS cells the antibodies directed to soluble sialyltransferase or the sialyltransferase portion of the fusion-protein only recognized the recombinant antigen retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, an antibody fraction crossreactive with beta-galactosidase recognized natively expressed ST3Gal III which was found to be colocalized with beta1, 4-galactosyltransferase in the Golgi apparatus of several cultured cell lines. Antibodies affinity purified on the beta-galactosidase-ST3Gal III fusion-protein column derived from both antisera have then been used to localize the enzyme in perfusion-fixed rat kidney sections. We found strong staining of the Golgi apparatus of tubular epithelia and a brush-border-associated staining which colocalized with cytochemical staining of the H+ATPase. This subcellular localization was not observed for ST6Gal I which localized to the Golgi apparatus. These data show colocalization in the Golgi apparatus and different post-Golgi distributions of the two sialyltransferases.
Supplementary Fig 2 from HER2-Mediated Internalization of Cytotoxic Agents in <i>ERBB2</i> Amplified or Mutant Lung Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Fig 2&lt;/p&gt;
Observation of time-crystalline eigenstate order on a quantum processor (2022)

We report on the first experimental observation of a non-equilibrium phase of matter, the discrete time crystal (DTC). A DTC breaks time-translational symmetry and displays spatio-temporal quantum order in all of its eigenstates, a feature dubbed “eigenstate order”. We implement Floquet dynamics on a 1D chain of 20 superconducting qubits [2]. Engineered disorders in the two-qubit couplings allow many-body localization (MBL) to occur despite strong external drive, thereby stabilizing the non-equilibrium phase [3]. We carefully validate the phase structure of the DTC by probing the average response of all eigenstates belonging to the Floquet unitary. Using a suitable choice of order parameter, we further identify the location of the MBL-ergodicity crossover via experimentally observed finite-size effects. These results open a direct path to studying quantum phase transitions and critical phenomena on NISQ quantum processors.
Involvement of the Membrane Trafficking Factor PATROL1 in the Salinity Stress Tolerance of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2021)

The Arabidopsis thaliana stomatal complex contains a pair of guard cells surrounded by subsidiary cells, which assist in turgor-driven stomatal movement and receive water and ions. This transport, driven by environmental signals, involves a translocation factor of the plasma membrane proton pump H+-ATPase AHA1, PATROL1. In this study, we investigated the responses of PATROL1 to salinity and hyperosmotic stresses. Specifically, we analyzed the effects of 125 mM NaCl or 231 mM mannitol on the cotyledon pavement cell cortexes in transgenic A. thaliana seedlings expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged PATROL1. Cells treated with NaCl had few GFP-PATROL1-labeled dot-like structures but contained unusual labeled large bodies and rod-like structures. Cells treated with mannitol had similar large bodies, but not rods, indicating that the rod-like structures form specifically under salinity stress conditions. Dual observations of GFP-PATROL1 and red fluorescent protein (RFP)-tagged AHA1 in stress-treated cells revealed that the latter did not accumulate in the stress-induced GFP-PATROL1 structures, suggesting that the stress-induced GFP-PATROL1 structures are not involved in RFP-AHA1 localization. Additionally, the primary root growth of the patrol1 mutant was more sensitive to NaCl treatment than was that of wild type. Thus, PATROL1 appears to contribute to salinity stress tolerance, possibly by regulating membrane trafficking.
Measurements of magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instability growth in solid liners on the 20 MA sandia Z facility (2010)

Summary form only given. The magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor (MRT) instability is ubiquitous to pinch plasmas compressed by magnetic pressure, and is an important factor in determining whether a cylindrical liner can reach the axis in a relatively intact form. While there are many RT characterization experiments, there are few well-characterized MRT experiments and none for fast (∼100 ns) z-pinch implosions in which the magnetic pressure typically quickly dominates over material strength. We will present data from our initial two campaigns to study the growth of MRT instabilities.
Dichloromethyllithium (2005)

[2146-67-0] CHCl2Li (MW 90.87) InChI = 1/CHCl2.Li/c2-1-3;/h1H;/rCHCl2Li/c2-1(3)4/h1H InChIKey = XJBGQVPLRFIVLG-XXTNAXBMAN (reagent used for chlorocyclopropanation, nucleophilic dichloromethylation, ring expansion, α-chloro aldehyde preparation, α-hydroxy aldehyde preparation, chain homologation) Physical Data: low temperature 13C and 6Li NMR data are available,1 as are matrix IR data.2 The X-ray crystal structure of the complex with 3 moles of pyridine has been reported.3 Preparative Methods: solutions of the title compound can be obtained by treatment of CH2Cl2 with n‐Butyllithium in THF/ether/pentane (4∶1∶1) at −110 °C for 20 min;4 alternate conditions include n-BuLi–N,N,N′,N′‐Tetramethylethylenediamine as the base in ether/THF (60∶40) for 1 h at −90 °C.5 One may also deprotonate CH2Cl2 with amide bases at −100 to −78 °C.6 Although −78 °C is often convenient for laboratory operations,6, 7 large-scale generation of LiCHCl2 is best carried out by adding lithium diisopropylamide to a well stirred THF solution of CH2Cl2 and a boronic ester or other reactive substrate at internal temperatures below 0 °C.8 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the reagent is generally stable from −110 to about −80 °C, depending on the solvent. There is evidence that carbenoids of this nature show greater thermal stability in THF than in ether.9 Solutions of LiCHCl2 in THF/ether mixtures of greater than about 20% (v/v) THF are quite stable for ∼20 h at −74 °C.9a Further, transmetalation with Titanium Tetraisopropoxide is reputed to give a reagent with greater thermal stability,9e although subsequent reports confirming this have not appeared. The reagent is not usually isolated, the complex with 3 moles of pyridine has been crystallized from THF/t-BuOMe/Et2O/hexane at −100 to −98 °C.3