gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Catalytic Synthesis of Lactic Acid from Acetaldehyde, Carbon Monoxide, and Water (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic Synthesis of Lactic Acid from Acetaldehyde, Carbon Monoxide, and WaterS. K. Bhattacharyya, S. K. Palit, and A. R. DasCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1970, 9, 1, 92–95Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360033a018https://doi.org/10.1021/i360033a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views863Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Digitalización y personas (2020)

Business organizations are experiencing a deep transformation and, in a way, “sui generis” caused, mainly, by the powerful influence of new technologies in their varied versions. This obliges them, among others, to modify organizational structures and people management policies with a double goal: firstly, to guarantee their competitiveness and, secondly, to ensure that the necessary environment which allows the provision and prosperity of the adequate talent is cultivated. With this basic purpose, throughout the following article the three main trends - identified by the authors - that influence the current configuration of organizations will be analyzed, that is: the proliferation of agile environments that allow to adapt quickly and dynamically to the continuous changes in the market, which bring new ways of directing, organizing and managing people not exempt from difficulties and peculiarities; the necessary adaptation of performance management systems according to the new business demands and the emergence of the younger generations in the labor market; and, finally, the emergence of advanced tools and techniques for massive data analysis that ask for additional reflections on their use and the risks that its potential abuse entails.
Intramolecular ring-opening reactions of 2-oxetanones leading to tetrahydrofuran ring formation: a Lewis-acid study (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular ring-opening reactions of 2-oxetanones leading to tetrahydrofuran ring formation: a Lewis-acid studyKeith T. Mead and Hui Li YangCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 10, 2991–2992Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00297a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00297a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views308Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Growth hormone and colony-stimulating factor 1 share multiple response elements in the c-fos promoter. (1995)

The c-fos protooncogene is induced by GH rapidly, but transiently. Induction requires C kinase activation and the serum response element, and recent binding studies have also implicated the sis-inducible element (SIE). However, no systematic study of the promoter elements responsible for transactivation by GH has been undertaken. Here we used Chinese hamster ovary K1 cells transiently cotransfected with rabbit GH receptor and c-fos promoter-luciferase constructs to demonstrate that the major region responsible for GH induction is located between 284-396 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site. Full induction by GH requires all of the known elements located in this region to be intact, including the SIE or signal transducer and activator of transcription binding element. We also report novel negative elements located around -216 upstream of the start site that reduce induction by GH and provide gel shift evidence for factors binding in this region. Cotransfection of Chinese hamster ovary K1 cells with c-fms and c-fos promoter constructs followed by the addition of CSF-1 revealed that these same c-fos elements contribute to transactivation by c-fms. Serum also uses the same elements to induce c-fos expression, except for the SIE. These results indicate that GH receptor and c-fms tyrosine kinase operate through multiple common response elements to regulate c-fos gene expression despite their structural differences.
On the roles of direct feedback and error field correction in stabilizing resistive-wall modes (2010)

Active feedback control in the DIII-D tokamak has fully stabilized the current-driven ideal kink resistive-wall mode (RWM). While complete stabilization is known to require both low frequency error field correction (EFC) and high frequency feedback, unambiguous identification has been made about the distinctive role of each in a fully feedback-stabilized discharge. Specifically, the role of direct RWM feedback, which nullifies the RWM perturbation in a time scale faster than the mode growth time, cannot be replaced by low frequency EFC, which minimizes the lack of axisymmetry of external magnetic fields.
Anomalies of magnetoresistance of compounds with atomic clusters RB12 (R = Ho, Er, Tm, Lu) (2009)

The magnetoresistance and magnetization of single-crystal samples of rare-earth dodecaborides RB12 (R = Ho, Er, Tm, Lu) have been measured at low temperatures (1.8–35 K) in a magnetic field of up to 70 kOe. The effect of positive magnetoresistance that obeys the Kohler’s rule Δρ/ρ = f(ρ(0, 300 K)H/ρ(0, T)) is observed for the nonmagnetic metal LuB12. In the magnetic dodecaborides HoB12, ErB12, and TmB12, three characteristic regimes of the magnetoresistance behavior have been revealed: the positive magnetoresistance effect similar to the case of LuB12 is observed at T > 25 K; in the range T N ≤ T ≤ 15 K, the magnetoresistance becomes negative and depends quadratically on the external magnetic field; and, finally, upon the transition to the antiferromagnetic phase (T < T N ), the positive magnetoresistance is again observed and its amplitude reaches 150% for HoB12. It has been shown that the observed anomalies of negative magnetoresistance in the paramagnetic phase can be explained within the Yosida model of conduction electron scattering by localized magnetic moments. The performed analysis confirms the formation of spin-polaron states in the 5d band in the vicinity of rare-earth ions in paramagnetic and magnetically ordered phases of RB12 and makes it possible to reveal a number of specific features in the transformation of the magnetic structure of the compounds under investigation.
Vanillic Acid Ameliorates Cationic Bovine Serum Albumin Induced Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis in BALB/c Mice (2016)

Preclinical Research Vanillic acid (VA) is a dihydroxybenzoic acid derivative widely used as a flavoring agent. It has chemopreventive effects on experimentally-induced carcinogenesis and in ulcerative colitis. The object of the present study was to investigate the effects of VA, alone and in combination with methylprednisolone (MP), on cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA induced immune-complex glomerulonephritis in female BALB/c mice. Pre-immunization was carried out with cBSA in BALB/c mice and repeated (cBSA, 13 mg/kg, 3 times/week, i.v.) for 6 weeks to induce glomerulonephritis which was confirmed by the presence of severe proteinuria. The effect of VA (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and its combination with MP (12.5 mg/kg, p.o.) was assessed in the nephrotic disease model. Treatment with VA decreased inflammatory nephrotic injury as evidenced by decreased proteinuria, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, serum IgG1 and TNF-α levels. Co-administration of VA with MP showed an improvement in the immunohistochemistry of glomerular nephrin and podocin. The present results indicate that VA has a nephroprotective effect in the management of autoimmune nephritis. Drug Dev Res 77 : 171-179, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chemistry of carbon monoxide free monocyclopentadienylvanadium(I) alkene and alkyne complexes (1990)

The compounds CpV(L)(PMe3)2 (L = η2-ethene (2), η2-alkyne) form a new class of highly reactive CO-free CpVI complexes. Paramagnetic 2 was prepared from CpVCl(PMe3)2 and 0.5 mol of BrMg(CH2)4MgBr. An X-ray structure determination shows a relatively short ethene C=C distance of 1.365 (5) Å. The η2-alkyne complexes are readily available by Mg reduction of CpVCl2(PMe3)2 in the presence of the alkyne. The X-ray structure of CpV(η2-PhC≡CPh)(PMe3)2 (4) shows the alkyne ligand to be asymmetrically oriented relative to the other ligands in the complex. The ethene ligand in 2 is readily replaced by CO or PhC≡CPh. 2,2'-Bipyridine displaces a phosphine as well to produce the paramagnetic CpV(η2-bpy)PMe3 (5). C,C coupling is observed in the reaction of 2 with CO2 to form the vanadalactone CpV[CH2CH2C(O)O]PMe3 (6). PhSSPh oxidatively adds to 2 to form [CpV(μ-SPh)2]2. 1-Hexene is slowly catalytically dimerized by 2. The alkyne complex 4 reacts with various hydrocarbon substrates through initial phosphine loss and subsequent C,C coupling. With 1,3-butadiene the hexadienediyl complex CpV(η1,η3-C2Ph2C4H6)PMe3 (9) is formed. With ethene 2:1 cotrimerization with the alkyne ligand occurs to produce an η4-diphenylhexadiene complex, CpV[η4-CH2=CHC(Ph)=C(Ph)Et]PMe3 (10), which was characterized by X-ray diffraction. With 2-butyne, 4 reacts to give CpV(η2-MeC≡CMe)(η2-PhC≡CPh)PMe3 (13), which subsequently forms the metallacycle CpV(C4Me2Ph2)PMe3 (14). An X-ray structure determination shows 14 to have a bent metallacyclopenta-1,3,5-triene structure (formally an V(V) dicarbene) with V=C bond distances of 1.891 (3) and 1.893 (3) Å. Analogous bicyclic products are formed through reduction of CpVCl2(PMe3)2 in the presence of diynes. A summary of the crystal data is as follows: for 2, Pbca, a = 12.351 (3) Å, b = 15.526 (4) Å, c = 16.948 (3) Å (130 K), Z = 8; for 4, P21/n, a = 8.249 (2) Å, b = 17.619 (2) Å, c = 16.278 (2) Å, β = 100.61 (2)° (130 K), Z = 4; for 10, P1, a = 8.875 (3) Å, b = 9.589 (2) Å, c = 15.081 (6) Å, α = 90.95 (3)°, β = 91.54 (3)°, γ = 117.44 (2)° (130 K), Z = 2; for 14, P212121, a = 12.957 (3) Å, b = 19.205 (5) Å, c = 9.155 (2) Å (170 K), Z = 4.
해군장병의 가령(Aging)변화에 따른 체력평가차트 구축 (2013)

Purpose: There are no reported analyses of changes with age in the physical fitness of the members of the Korean navy over several decades after reaching adulthood. Analysis of physical fitness data for Korean sailors is important from the perspective of national defense in Korea. In this study we applied a least squares approximation polynomial to the age distance values for push-up sit-up and 3,000m run in members of the Korean navy aged 19 to 50 years to evaluate the changes in their physical fitness with age. Methods: Measurement data for 2201 male sailors aged 18-60 years and people associated with the military were obtained. From among this data data for 2,137 men were finally used after restricting the ages to 19 to 50 years in consideration of the stability of the number of subjects of each age. Results: It was found that secondary approximation polynomials were valid for push-ups and sit-ups and that a primary approximation polynomial was valid for the 3,000m run. An evaluation chart was then constructed with the trends in changes with age obtained with least squares approximation polynomials. Conclusion: Using this chart it is concluded that information can be obtained on the kinds of efforts that can be made to maintain or promote physical ability which is the most basic quality for the Korean navy and measures for those efforts.
A perspective on the expansion of the genetic technologies to support the control of neglected vector-borne diseases and conservation (2022)

Genetic-based technologies are emerging as promising tools to support vector population control. Vectors of human malaria and dengue have been the main focus of these development efforts, but in recent years these technologies have become more flexible and adaptable and may therefore have more wide-ranging applications. Culex quinquefasciatus , for example, is the primary vector of avian malaria in Hawaii and other tropical islands. Avian malaria has led to the extinction of numerous native bird species and many native bird species continue to be threatened as climate change is expanding the range of this mosquito. Genetic-based technologies would be ideal to support avian malaria control as they would offer alternatives to interventions that are difficult to implement in natural areas, such as larval source reduction, and limit the need for chemical insecticides, which can harm beneficial species in these natural areas. This mosquito is also an important vector of human diseases, such as West Nile and Saint Louis encephalitis viruses, so genetic-based control efforts for this species could also have a direct impact on human health. This commentary will discuss the current state of development and future needs for genetic-based technologies in lesser studied, but important disease vectors, such as C. quinquefasciatus , and make comparisons to technologies available in more studied vectors. While most current genetic control focuses on human disease, we will address the impact that these technologies could have on both disease and conservation focused vector control efforts and what is needed to prepare these technologies for evaluation in the field. The versatility of genetic-based technologies may result in the development of many important tools to control a variety of vectors that impact human, animal, and ecosystem health.
Quantum time-space tradeoffs for sorting (2003)

We investigate the complexity of sorting in the model of sequential quantum circuits. While it is known that in general a quantum algorithm based on comparisons alone cannot outperform classical sorting algorithms by more than a constant factor in time complexity, this is wrong in a space bounded setting. We observe that for all storage bounds n/log ≥ S ≥ log3n, one can devise a quantum algorithm that sorts n numbers (using comparisons only) in time T=O(n3/2 log3/2 n/√S). We then show the following lower bound on the time-space tradeoff for sorting n numbers from a polynomial size range in a general sorting algorithm (not necessarily based on comparisons): TS=Ω(n3/2). Hence for small values of S the upper bound is almost tight. Classically the time-space tradeoff for sorting is TS=Θ(n2).
Cell Purification: A New Challenge for Biobanks (2014)

Performing '-omics' analyses on heterogeneous biological tissue samples, such as blood or bone marrow, can lead to biased or even erroneous results, particularly when the targeted cells and/or molecules are present at relatively low percentages/amounts. In such cases, whole sample analysis will most probably dilute and mask the features of the cell and/or molecules of interest, and this will negatively impact the results and their interpretation. Therefore, frequently it is critically important to have well-characterized and high-quality purified cell populations for the reliable detection of subtle variations in their specific features, such as gene expression profile, protein expression pattern and metabolic status. Biobanks are technological platforms which aim to provide researchers access to a large number of high-quality biological samples and their associated data, particularly to support high-quality scientific and clinical research projects, and such projects will benefit enormously by having access to high-quality purified cell populations or their biological components (e.g. DNA, RNA, proteins). Therefore, a clear opportunity exists for preparative cell sorting techniques in biobanks. Although multiple different cell purification approaches exist or are under development (e.g. cell purification techniques based on cell adherence, density and/or cell size properties, methods based on antibody binding as well as new lab-on-a-chip purification techniques), the choice for a specific technology depends on multiple variables, including cell recovery, purity and yield, among others. In addition, most cell purification approaches are not well suited for high-throughput (HT) purification of multiple cell populations coexisting in a sample. Here we review the most (currently) used cell sorting methods that may be applied for sample preparation in biobanks. For the different approaches, technical considerations about their advantages and limitations are highlighted, and the requirements to be met by a HT cell sorting technology to be used in biobanks are also discussed.
THREE ESSAYS ON MORTGAGE BACKED SECURITIES: HEDGING INTEREST RATE AND CREDIT RISKS (2003)

This dissertation includes three essays on hedging the interest rate and credit risks of Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS). Essay one addresses the problem of how to efficiently estimate interest rate sensitivity parameters of MBS. To do this in Monte Carlo simulation, we derive perturbation analysis (PA) gradient estimators in a general setting. Then we apply the Hull-White interest rate model and a common prepayment model to derive the corresponding specific PA estimators, assuming the shock of interest rate term structure takes the form of a trigonometric polynomial series. Numerical experiments comparing finite difference (FD) estimators with our PA estimators indicate that the PA estimators can provide better accuracy than FD estimators, while using much lower computational cost. Using the estimators, we analyze the impact of term structure shifts on various mortgage products. Based these analysis, we propose a new product to mitigate interest rate risk. Essay two addresses the problem of how to measure interest rate yield curve shift more realistically, and how to use these risk measures to hedge the interest rate risk of MBS. We use a Principal Components Analysis (PCA) approach to analyze historical interest rate data, and acquire the volatility factors we need in Heath-Jarrow-Morton interest rate model simulation. Then we propose a hedging algorithm to hedge MBS, based on PA gradient estimators derived upon these PCA factors. Our results show that the new hedging method can achieve much better hedging efficiency than traditional duration and convexity hedging. Essay three addresses the application a new regression method on credit spread data. Previous research has shown that variables in traditional structural model have limited explanatory power in credit spread regression. We argue that this is partially due to the non-constancy of the credit spread gradients to state variables. We use a Random Coefficient Regression (RCR) model to accommodate this problem. The explanatory power increases dramatically with the new RCR model, without adding new independent variables. This is the first work to address the dependence between credit spread sensitivities and state variables of structural in a systematic way. Also our estimates are consistent with prediction from Merton&#8217;s structural model.
Engineering rGO nanosheets-adsorption layer supported Pt nanoparticles to enhance photo-thermal catalytic activity under light irradiation (2019)

Constructing rGO nanosheet-adsorption layer-supported Pt nanoparticles to achieve efficient photo-thermal catalytic decomposition of volatile organic compounds.
Development of Barrier Discharges: Operation Modes and Structure Formation (2012)

Abstract A discharge cell configuration combining three high‐end diagnostic techniques (cross‐correlation spectroscopy, electro‐optic Pockels effect and laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy) has been developed. The joint application of these diagnostics enables the investigation of surface and bulk processes in barrier discharges in different arrangements. Surface charge density, N2(A) metastable state density, and optical radiation of plasma as three key parameters can be measured and correlated under identical and well‐defined experimental conditions. Systematic measurements of absolute surface charge densities and nitrogen metastable concentrations are presented for different operation modes. The operation mode is mainly controlled by the gas composition, the discharge cell geometry, and the properties of the applied voltage. In particular, in pure helium the unusual Townsend‐like discharge was investigated in detail. The described arrangements and the knowledge about reproducible control of discharge modes are an excellent base for the systematic investigation of the interaction between plasma and dielectric surface and its role on the formation, development, and structure of barrier discharges (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Regulation of immune responses and tolerance: the microRNA perspective (2013)

Much has been learned about the molecular and cellular components critical for the control of immune responses and tolerance. It remains a challenge, however, to control the immune response and tolerance at the system level without causing significant toxicity to normal tissues. Recent studies suggest that microRNA (miRNA) genes, an abundant class of non-coding RNA genes that produce characteristic approximately 22 nucleotides small RNAs, play important roles in immune cells. In this article, we discuss emerging knowledge regarding the functions of miRNA genes in the immune system. We delve into the roles of miRNAs in regulating signaling strength and threshold, homeostasis, and the dynamics of the immune response and tolerance during normal and pathogenic immunological conditions. We also present observations based on analyzes of miR-181 family genes that indicate the potential functions of primary and/or precursor miRNAs in target recognition and explore the impact of these findings on target identification. Finally, we illustrate that despite the subtle effects of miRNAs on gene expression, miRNAs have the potential to influence the outcomes of normal and pathogenic immune responses by controlling the quantitative and dynamic aspects of immune responses. Tuning miRNA functions in immune cells, through gain- and loss-of-function approaches in mice, may reveal novel approach to restore immune equilibrium from pathogenic conditions, such as autoimmune disease and leukemia, without significant toxicity.
[Isolation of a down-regulated novel gene with lower abundance in gastric cancer]. (2007)

The cloned novel gene, GDDM, is down-regulated in gastric carcinoma, and it is likely to be involved in gastric tumorigenicity.