gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: 2,4‐BIS(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)‐7‐HYDROXYQUINOLINE‐BASED DYES (1984)

Abstract Als Vertreter der im Titel genannten Farbstoffklasse werden der Merocyaninfarbstoff (VI) = (VII) und der Cumarin farbstoff (X), wie im Formelschema angegeben, hergestellt.
The Evaluation of a Biologically Inspired Engineered MAV Wing Compared to the Manduca Sexta Wing under Simulated Flapping Conditions (2011)

In recent years, researchers have expressed a vested interest in the concepts surrounding flapping wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs) that are capable of both range and complex maneuvering. Most research in this arena has found itself concentrated on topics such as flapping dynamics and the associated fluid-structure interactions inherent in the motion; however there still remain a myriad of questions concerning the structural qualities intrinsic to the wings themselves. Using nature as the template for design, FWMAV wings were constructed using carbon fiber and Kapton and tested under simplified flapping conditions by analyzing ‘frozen’ digital images of the deformed wing by methods of photogrammetry. This flapping motion was achieved via the design and construction of a flapper that emulates several of the kinematic features that can be seen in naturally occurring flyers. The response to this motion was then compared to the inspiring specimen's wings, the North American Hawkmoth ( Manduca Sexta), under the same flapping conditions in order to identify some of the key features that nature has deemed necessary for successful flight. Results showed that though the engineered wing emulated several of the structural characteristics of the biological wing; it still required some design modifications to compare more closely to the biological wing in the flapping motion. Additionally, this research also speaks to the effects of air on the biological wing.
Plasma Clearance and Plasma Half-Disappearance Time of Exogenous Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone and Pyroglutamyl-N3im-Methyl-Histidyl Prolineamide* (1979)

The plasma clearance rate (PCR) and plasma half-disappearance time (t½) of TRH was compared to the PCR and t½ of pyroglutamyl-N3im-methyl-histidyl prolineamide (methyl-TRH), a more potent analog of TRH in normal subjects. The PCR for TRH was 1500 ± 329 (SD) ml/min, which was significantly greater than the PCR of methyl-TRH (783 ± 96 ml/min). The t½ of TRH was 6.2 min compared to a t½ of 11.5 min for methyl-TRH. The slower clearance of methyl-TRH is probably due to the increased resistance to degradation by serum enzymes of methyl-TRH compared to TRH. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab48: 377, 1979)
[Modification of gastrectomy by the Roux and Ridiger methods]. (1991)

The author recommends a more effective operative method after Roux-Ridiger with an invagination intestinal anastomosis in the management of severe complications of gastric and duodenal ulcer, particularly in duodenostasis and reconstructive operations for a disease of an operated stomach, and in the postvagotomy syndrome. He carried out 340 economical resections of the stomach after Roux-Ridiger with an invagination intestinal anastomosis in various complications of gastric and duodenal ulcer and the post-gastrectomy and postvagotomy syndromes. The immediate and late-term results of the operation were good. Modified gastric resection after Roux and Ridiger with invagination techniques was performed in 26 experimental dose to study the secretory and motor-emptying function of the gastric stump in the immediate and late-term periods after the operation; the results were good.
Compressed sensing based synthetic transmit aperture for phased array imaging (2017)

Based on the linear relationship of channel data between synthetic transmit aperture (STA) and apodized plane wave (PW) firing, we previously proposed compressed sensing (CS) based STA (CS-STA) for linear array (Liu et al, IEEE TMI 2017), which achieves higher frame rate and higher contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) than STA while maintaining its high resolution. Because diverging wave (DW) instead of PW firing is usually adopted in phased array, CS-STA cannot be directly applied to phased array. In this study, we adapt CS-STA to phased array applications by compensating for the time delays associated with DW firing.
Inhibition of Phosphofructokinase by Quinone Methide and α-Methylene Lactone Tumor Inhibitors (1970)

The plant-derived tumor inhibitors taxodone, taxodione, vernolepin, eupacunin, and euparotin acetate each inhibit the sulfhydryl enzyme, phosphofructokinase. The substrates, fructose-6-phosphate and adenosine triphosphate, protect the enzyme from this, inhibition as does the addition of dithiothreitol to the inhibitors. Incubation of taxodione with phosphofructokinase is associated with the loss of about one sulfhydryl group per inhibitor molecule, and the substrates protect six sulfhydryl groups per protomer of 93,000 daltons.
A comprehensive study of corner effects in tri-gate transistors (2004)

We have performed extensive 2D and 3D device simulations to assess the impact of gate and drain voltages, channel doping, discrete impurity effects, and the device dimensions on the electron density accumulation in the corner regions of tri-gate transistors. For channel doping concentrations higher than 10/sup 18/ cm/sup -3/, these 'corner effects' are found to dominate the device behavior. They are most pronounced in the subthreshold regime and significantly reduced in short devices with rounded corners, thin gate oxides, and narrow channels.
Proteomic analysis of the distribution of the major seed allergens in wild, landrace, ancestral, and modern soybean genotypes (2007)

Abstract BACKGROUND: A comparative analysis of seed allergens from various soybean genotypes is crucial for identifying and eliminating potential allergens. We have investigated the distribution of three major allergens (Gly m Bd 60K, Gly m Bd 30K and Gly m Bd 28K) in wild, landrace, ancestral and modern soybean genotypes. RESULTS: Gly m Bd 60K allergens consist of α subunits of β‐conglycinin and G2 subunits of glycinin. In wild genotypes, α subunits of β‐conglycinin separated into six to seven protein spots whereas five to seven spots were observed in the landraces. All genotypes of modern and ancestral groups showed 3–5 protein spots of α subunits of β‐conglycinin. All genotypes showed eight spots of glycinin G2 subunits except one ancestral genotype which had seven spots. Two protein spots were detected for Gly m Bd 30K in 14 genotypes but one spot was detected in two wild genotypes. Two protein spots were detected for Gly m Bd 28K in all genotypes. CONCLUSION: Considerable heterogeneity of the α subunit of β‐conglycinin distribution exists among these 16 soybean genotypes. Significant proteomic variation was observed between different soybean groups rather than among genotypes in the same group. This investigation would be valuable to researchers working with soybean and nutrition. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Bandwidth expansion and slow-wave effect achievement of bond wire interconnection on LTCC substrate (2011)

This paper compares performances of several bandwidth expansion approaches of bond wire interconnection on low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) substrate. Approaches using multiple bond wires match, lumped element match, rectangle stub match, radial stub match, butterfly stubs match and “L” shape gap match are included in the comparison. Moreover, Slow-wave effect constructed with bond wires is also presented and its slow-wave factor improved structure using crossing bond wires is proposed.
Progress in the CU-HTK broadcast news transcription system (2006)

Broadcast news (BN) transcription has been a challenging research area for many years. In the last couple of years, the availability of large amounts of roughly transcribed acoustic training data and advanced model training techniques has offered the opportunity to greatly reduce the error rate on this task. This paper describes the design and performance of BN transcription systems which make use of these developments. First, the effects of using lightly supervised training data and advanced acoustic modeling techniques are discussed. The design of a real-time broadcast news recognition system is then detailed using these new models. As system combination has been found to yield large gains in performance, a range of frameworks that allow multiple recognition outputs to be combined are next described. These include the use of multiple types of acoustic models and multiple segmentations. As a contrast a system developed by multiple sites allowing cross-site combination, the "SuperEARS" system, is also described. The various models and recognition configurations are evaluated using several recent BN development and evaluation test sets. These new BN transcription systems can give gains of over 25% relative to the CU-HTK 2003 BN system
Application performance and flexibility on exokernel systems (1997)

The exokemel operating system architecture safely gives untrusted software efficient control over hardware and software resources by separating management from protection. This paper describes an exokemel system that allows specialized applications to achieve high performance without sacrificing the performance of unmodified UNIX programs. It evaluates the exokemel architecture by measuring end-to-end application performance on Xok, an exokernel for Intel x86-based computers, and by comparing Xok's performance to the performance of two widely-used 4.4BSD UNIX systems (FreeBSD and OpenBSD). The results show that common unmodified UNIX applications can enjoy the benefits of exokernels: applications either perform comparably on Xok/ExOS and the BSD UNIXes, or perform significantly better. In addition, the results show that customized applications can benefit substantially from control over their resources (e.g., a factor of eight for a Web server). This paper also describes insights about the exokemel approach gained through building three different exokemel systems, and presents novel approaches to resource multiplexing.
The promotion and inhibition of chromium and kinetic analysis on the growth of Platymonas Helgolandica (2018)

In this work, Platymonas helgolandica was used as an experimental material to study the effect of chromium on it. Under the experimental ecological condition, the concentrations of Cr (VI) were set as 0, 0.05, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L. Every concentration designed with three parallel groups. The ecotoxicology method was used to investigate the impact of Cr (VI) on P. helgolandica , and (EC 50 ) was calculated by the method of linear interpolation. The results showed the growth of P. helgolandica had a more obvious “Hormesis” when chromium was 0.05 mg/L. However, with Cr (VI) increased, the inhibition on P. helgolandica was increasing, and the cell density of P. helgolandica decreased. The EC 50 achieved at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h revealed that the relative growth rate had a downward trend over time. The remodified Logistic model, the modified Gompertz model, and the Logistic model were suitable to describe cell density in an operating cycle and were beneficial to explore the growth of P. helgolandica .
Equivalent Codes, Optimality, and Performance Analysis of OSTBC: Textbook Study (2014)

An equivalent model for a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communication system with orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBCs) is proposed based on a newly revealed connection between OSTBCs and Euclidean codes. Examples of distance spectra, signal constellations, and signal coordinate diagrams of Euclidean codes equivalent to simplest OSTBCs are given. A new asymptotic upper bound for the symbol error rate (SER) of OSTBCs, based on the distance spectra of the introduced equivalent Euclidean codes is derived, and new general design criteria for signal constellations of the optimal OSTBC are proposed. Some bounds relating distance properties, dimensionality, and cardinality of OSTBCs with constituent signals of equal energy are given, and new optimal signal constellations with cardinalities M = 8 and M = 16 for Alamouti's code are designed. Using the new model for MIMO communication systems with OSTBCs, a general methodology for performance analysis of OSTBCs is developed. As an example of the application of this methodology, an exact evaluation of the SER of any OSTBC is given. Namely, a new expression for the SER of Alamouti's OSTBC with binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signals is derived.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of theα-Helix toβ-Sheet Transition in Coiled Protein Filaments: Evidence for a Critical Filament Length Scale (2010)

The alpha-helix to beta-sheet transition (α-β transition) is a universal deformation mechanism in alpha-helix rich protein materials such as wool, hair, hoof, and cellular proteins. Through a combination of molecular and theoretical modeling, we examine the behavior of alpha-helical coiled-coil proteins with varying lengths under stretch. We find that the occurrence of the α-β transition is controlled by the length of constituting alpha-helical proteins. In the asymptotic limit, short proteins with less than 26 amino acids or 3.8 nm length reveal interprotein sliding, whereas proteins with greater lengths feature an α-β transition, leading to a significant increase in the protein's stiffness, strength, and energy dissipation capacity at large deformation. Our study elucidates the fundamental physics of this mechanism and explains why the α-β transition typically occurs in protein filaments with long alpha-helical domains.
<title>Hyperspectral remote sensing of shallow water environments: a review</title> (2001)

Near-shore coastal waters are important for our quality of life, but near-shore environments are under continuous stress due to human activities and natural events. Also, data on some navigational charts are often decades old. Many do not reveal changes due to recent strong storms or coastal evolution. As a result, the doubtful bathymetric data can make coastal navigation dangerous. Methods and techniques are also needed to monitor the properties of near-shore waters as well as the condition of benthic ecosystems such a seagrass beds. Traditional ship-borne surveys are slow and expensive, and there is no need to remeasure all coastal areas as environmental change is in general a slow process. It is more important to find and flag the places where significant changes may have occurred and then focus field programs in those regions. One practical method may be to use satellite sensors, which have been proven very useful for quickly providing important environmental information over large areas. Satellite sensors for ocean studies use the relationship between the spectral signals received at the sensor and the contents below the sea surface to detect oceanic properties such as chlorophyll concentration. The use of passive spectral data for bathymetry was first demonstrated in the late 1960s (Polcyn and Sattinger 1969). Using several different approaches, reasonable results were obtained with limited spectral channels (Polcyn et al. 1970, Lyzenga 1985, Clark et al. 1987). All of these approaches require some important assumptions, however. These assumptions are not always valid. There is a strong need for a method to analytically and simultaneously derive bottom depth and albedo and the optical properties of the water column relying simply on remotely sensed data.
Recapitulation of posttransfusion purpura by cross-strain platelet immunization in mice (2020)

Posttransfusion purpura (PTP) is an uncommon but life-threatening condition characterized by profound thrombocytopenia occurring ∼1 week after a blood transfusion. The hallmark of PTP is a potent immunoglobulin G antibody specific for a transfused platelet-specific alloantigen, usually located on glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa; αIIb/β3 integrin). It is widely thought that this alloantibody somehow causes the thrombocytopenia, despite absence from host platelets of the alloantigen for which it is specific. In studies described here, we found that cross-strain platelet immunization in mice commonly induces GPIIb/IIIa-specific alloantibodies combined with platelet-specific autoantibodies and varying degrees of thrombocytopenia, and we identified 1 strain combination (129S1Svlm/PWKPhJ) in which 95% of immunized mice made both types of antibody and developed severe thrombocytopenia. There was a strong inverse correlation between autoantibody strength and platelet decline (P < .0001) and plasma from mice that produced autoantibodies caused thrombocytopenia when transfused to syngeneic animals, arguing that autoantibodies were the cause of thrombocytopenia. The findings define a model in which a routine alloimmune response to platelets regularly transitions to an autoimmune reaction capable of causing severe thrombocytopenia and support the hypothesis that PTP is an autoimmune disorder.
Role of Mesopore Structure of Hierarchical Porous Carbons on the Electrosorption Performance of Capacitive Deionization Electrodes (2019)

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising alternative approach for water desalination and treatment. Hierarchical porous carbons, HPCs, have been viewed as a promising porous structure material for electrosorption purposes. However, limitations associated with the synthesis and porosity control of HPCs limit their utilization as model systems in correlating the textural characteristics and the CDI performance. Here we report for the first time a systematic investigation using a wide range of tightly control primary mesopore size, mesopore surface area, mesopore volume, and high mesopore fraction synthesized by the ice templation approach and correlate to their CDI performance. Larger mesopores are preferable for faster ion removal as they can provide easier pathways for the ions to diffuse and establish the electric double layer. However, smaller mesopores are more preferable in order to achieve higher salt capacity. While for meso–macro HPCs the salt capacity scales up with the mesopore surface area, HPCs that contain all levels of porosity (i.e. micro–meso–macro) do not show such correlation. Besides the excellent CDI performance reported, the model systems allow us to delineate of the role of several materials design parameters and correlate with their electrosorption behavior.
ABA Type Amphiphiles with Poly(2‐benzhydryl‐2‐oxazine) Moieties: Synthesis, Characterization and Inverse Thermogelation (2021)

Abstract Thermoresponsive polymers are frequently involved in the development of materials for various applications. Here, polymers containing poly(2‐ benzhydryl‐2‐oxazine) (pBhOzi) repeating units are described for the first time. The homopolymer pBhOzi and an ABA type amphiphile comprising two flanking hydrophilic A blocks of poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) (pMeOx) and the hydrophobic aromatic pBhOzi central B block (pMeOx‐ b ‐pBhOzi‐ b ‐pMeOx) are synthesized and the latter is shown to exhibit inverse thermogelling properties at concentrations of 20 wt.% in water. This behavior stands in contrast to a homologue ABA amphiphile consisting of a central poly(2‐benzhydryl‐2‐oxazoline) block (pMeOx‐ b ‐pBhOx‐ b ‐pMeOx). No inverse thermogelling is observed with this polymer even at 25 wt.%. For 25 wt.% pMeOx‐ b ‐pBhOzi‐ b ‐pMeOx, a surprisingly high storage modulus of ≈22 kPa and high values for the yield and flow points of 480 Pa and 1.3 kPa are obtained. Exceeding the yield point, pronounced shear thinning is observed. Interestingly, only little difference between self‐assemblies of pMeOx‐ b ‐pBhOzi‐ b ‐pMeOx and pMeOx‐ b ‐pBhOx‐ b ‐pMeOx is observed by dynamic light scattering while transmission electron microscopy images suggest that the micelles of pMeOx‐ b ‐pBhOzi‐ b ‐pMeOx interact through their hydrophilic coronas, which is probably decisive for the gel formation. Overall, this study introduces new building blocks for poly(2‐oxazoline) and poly(2‐oxazine)‐based self‐assemblies, but additional studies will be needed to unravel the exact mechanism.
High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HRMAS NMR) for Studies of Reactive Fabrics (2015)

Abstract : An analytical chemistry method is described for measuring the reactivity and permeation of fabrics, films, and other solid materials. Reactivity is measured using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with a high resolution magic angle spinning (solids) probe. Methods for sample preparation and interpretation of results are described.
Synthesis of Donor–Acceptor-Type Benzo[b]phosphole and Naphtho[2,3-b]phosphole Oxides and Their Solvatochromic Properties (2017)

A series of donor–acceptor-type benzo[b]phosphole and naphtho[2,3-b]phosphole oxides have been synthesized through metal-catalyzed reactions as key steps: that is, (1) cobalt- and copper-catalyzed multicomponent coupling of an arylzinc reagent, an alkyne, and dichlorophenylphosphine to assemble the electron-deficient benzophosphole or naphthophosphole oxide core and (2) palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling to introduce an electron-donating substituent to the “benzo” or “naphtho” moiety. These donor–acceptor molecules are strongly fluorescent, showing weak to strong solvatochromism depending on the electron-donating substituent.
Contamination du lait caillé et de l’œuf consommés en Côte d’Ivoire par des pesticides organochlorés (2014)

La presente etude vise a evaluer l’aspect sanitaire de l’alimentation humaine a travers de deux produits a forte consommation en Cote d’Ivoire : le lait caille et l’œuf. Ainsi, 30 echantillons de lait caille ont ete achetes et 30 echantillons d’œufs de poulet  ont ete collectes dans trois fermes dans la ville d’Abidjan. Ces echantillons ont ete traites dans le but de determiner les residus de 12 POC (Pesticides OrganoChlores). Les analyses ont ete realisees au CG sur colonne capillaire avec un detecteur a capture d'electrons. Les resultats observes revelent une contamination du lait caille et de l’œuf par 5 POC. Ainsi, des charges moyennes en µg/kg des isomeres hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) allant de 0,125 a 0,997 et de 1,870 a 35,907, de l’endosulfan allant de 0,045 a 0,563 et non detecte, de la dieldrine allant de 0,025 a 0,263 et de 5,727 a 69,710 et du Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) et metabolites allant de 0,133 a 0,813 et de 21, 105 a 75,22, ont ete respectivement determinees dans le lait caille et dans l’œuf. La teneur residuelle  moyenne des isomeres HCH, des cyclodienes (dieldrine, et endosulfane) et du DDT et ses  metabolites constituent respectivement 40%, 40% et 20% de la moyenne du total des POC mesures dans le lait caille et respectivement 20%, 20% et 60% de celle mesuree dans l’œuf.