gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biologic rhythm disorders, depression, and phototherapy. A new hypothesis. (1987)

Disturbances of the circadian timing system are implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous clinical syndromes, including sleep and affective disorders. Abnormalities of circadian rhythms can now be directly measured in the clinical laboratory and potentially corrected. Sleep scheduling disorders are most commonly due to phase misalignments between the endogenous circadian pacemaker and the socioenvironmental schedule. Current research is increasing our understanding of the influence of bright light exposure on the circadian timing system and has begun to be used successfully in the management of these conditions. There is substantial evidence that abnormalities of the circadian timing system are associated with depression. However, the application of new biologic rhythm diagnostic techniques would be required to establish whether circadian dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions. We propose a new hypothesis that phototherapy for seasonal depression may act by increasing an abnormally low circadian amplitude in those patients, such as that reported in endogenously depressed patients. The powerful effect of light on the circadian system indicates that phototherapy may become an important tool in the management of disorders of circadian etiology.
Quinacridone-Based Molecular Donors for Solution Processed Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells (2010)

New soluble quinacridone-based molecules have been developed as electron donor materials for solution-processed organic solar cells. By functionalizing the pristine pigment core of quinacridone with solubilizing alkyl chains and light absorbing/charge transporting thiophene units, i.e., bithiophene (BT) and thienylbenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazolethienyl (BTD), we prepared a series of multifunctional quinacridone-based molecules. These molecular donors show intense absorption in the visible spectral region, and the absorption range and intensity are well-tuned by the interaction between the quinacridone core and the incorporated thiophene units. The thin film absorption edge extends with the expansion of molecular conjugation, i.e., 552 nm for N,N'-di(2-ethylhexyl)quinacridone (QA), 592 nm for 2,9-Bis(5'-hexyl-2,2'-bithiophene)-N,N'-di(2-ethylhexyl)quinacridone (QA-BT), and 637 nm for 4-(5-hexylthiophen-2-yl)-7-(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (QA-BTD). The change of molecular structure also influences the electrochemical properties. Observed from cyclic voltammetry measurements, the oxidation and reduction potentials (vs ferrocene) are 0.7 and -1.83 V for QA, 0.54 and -1.76 V for QA-BT, and 0.45 and -1.68 V for QA-BTD. Uniform thin films can be generated from both single component molecular solutions and blend solutions of these molecules with [6,6]-phenyl C70-butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM). The blend films exhibit space-charge limited current (SCLC) hole mobilities on the order of 1×10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) S(-1). Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells using these soluble molecules as donors and PC70BM as the acceptor were fabricated. Power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of up to 2.22% under AM 1.5 G simulated 1 sun solar illumination have been achieved and external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) reach as high as ∼45%.
Introduction (2014)

Abstract This chapter provides an overview of Peru’s family planning, a persistent health and social issue in the country. First, it introduces the wide cast of actors and organizations that have played different roles in family planning. Then, it discusses mid-twentieth century family planning programs in various developing countries which led to socioeconomic development and increased health for women and children. Finally, it concludes that the writers of the history of family planning in Latin America should examine demographic transition theory, especially the role of biomedical technology as a factor for social change.
Chancen der Digitalisierung für die Energiewende (2018)

Der schnell fortschreitende Digitalisierungs- und Automatisierungsprozess ist heute schon ein wichtiger Wegbegleiter fur die Transformation des aktuellen Energiesystems. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden sechs Anwendungsbeispiele vorgestellt, die deutlich machen, dass die Energiewende ohne Digitalisierung nicht denkbar ist.
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-4 does not protect melanoma cells during inhibition of PI3K and mTOR pathways. (2015)

CSPG4 expression does not have any impact on survival and signaling activity of melanoma cells during PI3K/mTOR inhibition.
Input/state/output modeling and control of dynamical systems with active singularities: Single- and multi-impact sequences (2008)

A general controller synthesis setting for systems with active, or controlled, singularities under incomplete information is extended to the cases of the single-impact and the multi-impact sequences - the main cases of interest in applications.
Missing values imputation using Fuzzy K-Top Matching Value (2022)

Missing data occurs when variables or observations are missing. Researchers exclude or impute influenced variables and data. This study proposes Fuzzy K-Top Matching Value (FKTM) for missing value imputation. It imputes missing numerical and categorical data with intelligent estimates based on similar records, decreasing bias. Expectation-maximization is used, where it employs fuzzy clustering to find a group of similar data and estimate them. We compare FKTM with original datasets on Immunotherapy and Cryotherapy. Multiple classification techniques are used on the imputed datasets. Random Forest achieved the best, with 93.3% for cryotherapy and 85.6% for Immunotherapy. The proposed approach is compared with Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations (MICE) utilizing a Support Vector Machine. The proposed approach beats MICE with 82.2% accuracy. On the Cryotherapy dataset, the proposed approach surpasses existing strategies with 86.6% accuracy. Levene and Shapiro-Wilk were used to examine the homoscedasticity and normality of data after imputation. The proposed imputation procedure has no detrimental influence on the dataset. Finally, execution time and RMSE of imputed values are determined for three datasets with varied sample sizes and data dimensions. The proposed system exhibits a fast execution time and low RMSE. The proposed FKTM works well in experiments and looks promising.
Monitored Tomographic Reconstruction—An Advanced Tool to Study the 3D Morphology of Nanomaterials (2021)

Detailed and accurate three-dimensional (3D) information about the morphology of hierarchically structured materials is derived from multi-scale X-ray computed tomography (XCT) and subsequent 3D data reconstruction. High-resolution X-ray microscopy and nano-XCT are suitable techniques to nondestructively study nanomaterials, including porous or skeleton materials. However, laboratory nano-XCT studies are very time-consuming. To reduce the time-to-data by more than an order of magnitude, we propose taking advantage of a monitored tomographic reconstruction. The benefit of this new protocol for 3D imaging is that the data acquisition for each projection is interspersed by image reconstruction. We demonstrate this new approach for nano-XCT data of a novel transition-metal-based materials system: MoNi<sub>4</sub> electrocatalysts anchored on MoO<sub>2</sub> cuboids aligned on Ni foam (MoNi<sub>4</sub>/MoO<sub>2</sub>@Ni). Quantitative data that describe the 3D morphology of this hierarchically structured system with an advanced electrocatalytically active nanomaterial are needed to tailor performance and durability of the electrocatalyst system. We present the framework for monitored tomographic reconstruction, construct three stopping rules for various reconstruction quality metrics and provide their experimental evaluation.
Microstructure and thermal stability of the Cu-ZrB2 and CuCr1Zr-ZrB2 composites prepared by gas pressure infiltration (2019)

Composite materials based on Cu matrix have a wide range of applications because of their extraordinary features such as high thermal conductivity and high mechanical strength. The preparation of Cu-ZrB2 and CuCr1Zr-ZrB2 composites via gas pressure infiltration technology is described in this work. In contrast to most ceramic materials, ZrB2 is electrically and thermally conductive. All tested samples, i.e. prepared from the ZrB2 porous preform with a porosity of 40 % were infiltrated with molten Cu or CuCr1Zr alloy. Microstructure and homogeneity after infiltration were examined by SEM-EDS microscopy. The interface between the Cu matrix and ZrB2 ceramics was explored by TEM microscopy. As-infiltrated composites were thermally cycled up to 800 C with heating and cooling rates of 3 C min -1 in an argon atmosphere.
Repeated Intraportal Hepatocyte Transplantation in Analbuminemic Rats (1995)

The optimal site for implantation of isolated hepatocytes has not been established. We have developed a novel technique which allows repeated infusion of hepatocytes into the portal system via an indwelling catheter. Seven Nagase Analbuminemic rats (NAR) underwent single intra-portal infusion of 2 × 107 isolated normal albumin-producing rat hepatocytes. Another seven NAR rats underwent placement of indwelling catheters into the portal venous system via the gastroduodenal vein. Each of them received six batches of 5 × 106 normal albumin producing hepatocytes. Seven control NAR rats were infused repeatedly (intraportally) with saline only. Plasma albumin (ELISA) showed significant increase in experimental animals and was more pronounced (p &lt; 0.05) in rats transplanted repeatedly than in those given a single dose of cells. Immunohistochemical staining of the liver sections confirmed the presence of transplanted albumin producing hepatocytes. Rats transplanted with a single large batch of isolated hepatocytes showed liver tissue damage, whereas those subjected to repeated cell infusions had normal liver histology. We have developed a novel intraportal transplantation method which allows successful engraftment of a large number of isolated hepatocytes.
Automated mode shape estimation in agent-based wireless sensor networks (2010)

Recent advances in wireless sensing technology have made it possible to deploy dense networks of sensing transducers within large structural systems. Because these networks leverage the embedded computing power and agent-based abilities integral to many wireless sensing devices, it is possible to analyze sensor data autonomously and in-network. In this study, market-based techniques are used to autonomously estimate mode shapes within a network of agent-based wireless sensors. Specifically, recent work in both decentralized Frequency Domain Decomposition and market-based resource allocation is leveraged to create a mode shape estimation algorithm derived from free-market principles. This algorithm allows an agent-based wireless sensor network to autonomously shift emphasis between improving mode shape accuracy and limiting the consumption of certain scarce network resources: processing time, storage capacity, and power consumption. The developed algorithm is validated by successfully estimating mode shapes using a network of wireless sensor prototypes deployed on the mezzanine balcony of Hill Auditorium, located on the University of Michigan campus.
Investigating PSMA differential expression in canine uroepithelial carcinomas to aid disease-based stratification and guide therapeutic selection (2022)

Differential expression of PSMA was not identified between canine iUC and PCA cell lines or archived patient samples, and PSMA alone cannot be used for disease stratification. Nonetheless given its conserved overexpression, PSMA may be a targetable surface marker for both canine iUC and PCA. Lastly, in uroepithelial carcinomas, vinblastine might exert the broadest anticancer activity regardless of cellular origin.
Use of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in the prevention of parturient hypocalcemia in dairy cows (1978)

The administration of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (DHC) either i/m or i/v, to adult, non-pregnant cows resulted in a rapid and persistent dose-dependent increase in serum calcium and phosphorus, and a decrease in serum magnesium. Similar doses of 1 alpha -hydroxycholecalciferol in the same animals were much less effective in increasing the serum calcium and phosphorus levels. The administration of 600 mu g DHC 24 or more hours before expected parturition prevented the rapid decline of serum calcium and phosphorus anticipated in pregnant cows with a previous history of parturient paresis. The treatment was not effective when given 8-18 hours before parturition. In one animal given one dose of 600 mu g DHC and six doses of 270 mu g over a 22 day period before parturition, no evidence of mineralization in the kidney, heart, pulmonary artery, aorta or other soft tissues, was seen at PM, as reported after long-term administration of parent vitamin D.
Intelligent Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Multi-Head Attention-Based CNN (2020)

Aiming at automatic feature extraction and fault recognition of rolling bearings, a new data-driven intelligent fault diagnosis approach using multi-head attention and convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. Firstly, a simple signal-to-image spatial transform method is utilized to generate 2D gray images within different health states from raw bearing vibration signals, and generated images are divided randomly into training data and testing data. Secondly, we adopt the multi-head attention mechanism to optimize the CNN structure and develop a new convolutional network model for intelligent bearing fault diagnosis. Next, the training data is used to train network parameters of the designed CNN model to accurately realize bearing fault recognition. Finally, the diagnostic performance of the proposed bearing diagnosis framework is verified on different sub-datasets under working loads of 0~3 hp, and comparison experiments are also conducted with other CNN models and bearing fault diagnosis methods. Experiment results show that the proposed diagnostic method can achieve effective bearing fault diagnosis with relatively fewer CNN model parameters, and has some generalization ability. The recognition rate of bearing states under working loads of 0~3 hp all reach over 99%.
Lectin-Seq: A method to profile lectin-microbe interactions in native communities (2023)

Soluble human lectins are critical components of innate immunity. Genetic models suggest that lectins influence host-resident microbiota, but their specificity for commensal and mutualist species is understudied. Elucidating lectins' roles in regulating microbiota requires an understanding of which microbial species they bind within native communities. To profile human lectin recognition, we developed Lectin-Seq. We apply Lectin-Seq to human fecal microbiota using the soluble mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and intelectin-1 (hItln1). Although each lectin binds a substantial percentage of the samples (10 to 20%), the microbial interactomes of MBL and hItln1 differ markedly in composition and diversity. MBL binding is highly selective for a small subset of species commonly associated with humans. In contrast, hItln1's interaction profile encompasses a broad range of lower-abundance species. Our data uncover stark differences in the commensal recognition properties of human lectins.
Circuit theory for decoherence in superconducting charge qubits (2005)

Based on a network graph analysis of the underlying circuit, a quantum theory of arbitrary superconducting charge qubits is derived. Describing the dissipative elements of the circuit with a Caldeira-Leggett model, we calculate the decoherence and leakage rates of a charge qubit. The analysis includes decoherence due to a dissipative circuit element such as a voltage source or the quasiparticle resistances of the Josephson junctions in the circuit. The theory presented here is dual to the quantum circuit theory for superconducting flux qubits. In contrast to spin-boson models, the full Hilbert space structure of the qubit and its coupling to the dissipative environment are taken into account. Moreover, both self- and mutual inductances of the circuit are fully included.
Understanding the opposing roles of the adaptive immune system in stroke (THER7P.955) (2015)

Abstract Stroke is caused by a loss of blood flow to the brain, which results in permanent neurological injury. Murine models of ischemic stroke implicate the immune system as both contributor and suppressor of neuro-inflammation following brain ischemia. Using a 60-min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model and a recall response assay, we have detected autoreactive immune responses to myelin, neuronal and glial peptides, suggesting a possible immune involvement in further brain inflammation. We previously found that repetitive hypoxic preconditioning (RHP) prior to stroke endogenously decreases infarct volumes and creates a unique, anti-inflammatory B-cell phenotype that may contribute to RHP-mediated reversal of neuropathology. Now, we show that B(RHP)cell adoptive transfer significantly reduces infarct volumes and CNS-antigen autoreactivity in CD4+ T-cells compared to PBS- or control B-cell treatments. B(RHP)cells exhibited increased production of IL10, a neuroprotective cytokine, and IFN-γ, a cytokine that potentiates the conversion of effector to regulatory T-cells that suppress neuropathological immune cells. Co-culture of B(RHP)cells with T-cells significantly converted naïve CD4 T-cells to Foxp3+CD25+ regulatory CD4 T-cells. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that RHP induces a novel subset of neuroprotective B-cellsas an important regulatory arm of the adaptive immune system that can be potentially harnessed for immunotherapeutic strategies.
Psychosocial adaptation and economic circumstances of persons with AIDS and ARC (1989)

Director, AIDS Research Group Chair, Division on Aging Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey (Crystal) Director, Medical Center Epidemiology Unit, Assistant Clinical Professor of Community & Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California (Jackson)
Valorisation of the Inhibitory Potential of Fresh and Dried Fruit Extracts of Prunus spinosa L. towards Carbohydrate Hydrolysing Enzymes, Protein Glycation, Multiple Oxidants and Oxidative Stress-Induced Changes in Human Plasma Constituents (2022)

<i>Prunus spinosa</i> fruits (sloes), both fresh and dried, are underexplored dietary components and ethno-phytotherapeutic remedies applied to treat chronic oxidative-stress-related diseases, including diabetes. The present study aimed to evaluate drying-related changes in the antidiabetic potential of sloe extracts and some bioactivity mechanisms, which might be connected with their traditional application. The polyphenol-enriched extracts, prepared by fractionated extraction and phytochemically standardised, i.a., by LC-MS/MS, were tested in vitro using a set of biological and chemical models. The experiments revealed the significant extracts' ability to counteract the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and inhibit the activity of key glycolytic enzymes, i.e., α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Moreover, they were proved to effectively scavenge multiple oxidants of physiological importance (O<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup>, HO<sup>•</sup>, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, NO<sup>•</sup>, HOCl), increase the non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity of human plasma (NEAC) under oxidative stress conditions induced by peroxynitrite, and protect plasma proteins and lipids against peroxidation and nitration at in vivo-relevant levels (1-50 µg/mL, equivalent to 0.03-6.32 µg polyphenols/mL). In most cases, the activity of fresh fruit extracts surpassed that of dried-based products. The correlation studies and tests on model compounds proved polyphenols as dominant contributors to the observed effects. Furthermore, the co-occurring representatives of various polyphenolic classes were found to contribute to the biological activity of sloes through additive and synergistic effects. Considering the extraction yield and activity parameters, especially the superior outcomes compared to anti-diabetic drugs aminoguanidine and acarbose in the anti-glycation and α-glucosidase inhibition tests, the methanol-water (75:25, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) extract of fresh fruits and its phenolic-enriched fractions revealed the most advantageous potential for functional application.
Flying after left ventricular assist device implantation (2020)

Literature on the air travel activities of patients supported by permanent mechanical assist devices is rare. To the best of our knowledge, no air travel guidelines or fitness prerequisites exist on whether and when ventricular assist device (VAD) patients are allowed to travel by plane after device implantation. In this study, we evaluated the topic of air travel after VAD implantation. This working group aimed to produce a report on air travel passengers supported by VADs, regarding their fitness to fly. Fifty left ventricular assist device (LVAD) patients were surveyed in a worldwide multicenter study. The single survey was performed with a multimethod design, including interviews conducted face-to-face, online, and on phone. Out of 50 patients, 97% described their traveling by aircraft as perfect and uneventful during the flight. Eighty-five percent of the study participants consulted their medical practitioner before the flight. No patient reported the occurrence of a severe condition associated with flying. LVAD alarms, especially low flow alarms, did not occur in any of the devices. Thirty-five percent of the surveyed patients, however, stated a major problem pertaining to the security check procedures at the airport. The results of this study suggest that commercial air travel is safe for stable patients on permanent VAD support and traveling can be resumed securely after VAD implantation. Conscientious preparation by packing necessary devices, fluids, medications, and careful preparation for the airport security check is recommended.