gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobile X-Ray Computed Tomography for Nuclear and Aviation Industry (2013)

Abstract Digital detectors such as phosphor imaging plates (IP) and digital detector arrays (DDA) enable radiographic inspection with higher efficiency and improved image quality in comparison to the classic film technique. The mobile mechanised tomographic system TomoCAR (tomographic computer aided radiology) was developed first for inspection of circumferential welded seams of pipes. It consists of the manipulator based position control of an X-ray tube in front of the region to inspect and a digital detector array behind it. The high contrast sensitivity technique was combined with planar tomography. The tomographic reconstruction allows the three-dimensional (3D) representation of the material structure and included defects, equivalent to a metallographic cross sectioning. The hardware design is based on a specially developed flat X-ray tube and a direct converting CMOS detector array on CdTe basis. TomoCAR is applied for sizing of volumetric and planar defects. It allows the reliable detection of planar defects with openings larger than 25μm by subpixel resolution due to the achieved high signal-to-noise ratio. TomoCAR was successfully qualified as the result of a German pilot study on the basis of the European Network of Inspection and Qualification (ENIQ) guidelines for application in the nuclear power industry. Application examples are presented. The TomoCAR design was modified for in situ inspection of large aircraft components under production conditions. A gantry gate based planar tomograph was constructed and tested for inspection of the integrity of large flat CFRP panel components of up to 3 m × 9 m size. The integrity of imbedded stringers has been successfully observed. Different trials were performed to prove the finding rate of cracks in embedded stringers, which will be presented and discussed.
Effect of heparin on the inactivation rate of human factor XIa by antithrombin-III (1982)

Factor XIa catalyzes an important reaction in the early phase of blood coagulation by converting factor IX to an active enzyme (factor IXa). Although antithrombin-III, an inhibitor of factor XIa, normally accounts for only one-sixth of the plasma inhibitory activity against factor XIa, its effectiveness has been reported to be enhanced by heparin. We have reinvestigated the ability of heparin to potentiate factor XIa inhibition by both purified antithrombin-III and plasma using synthetic tripeptide amide substrates as well as a coagulant assay. No increase in the inactivation rate of factor XIa amidolytic activity by purified antithrombin-III was observed in the presence of therapeutic heparin concentrations (1 U/ml), although inhibition of the amidolytic activity of thrombin by purified antithrombin-III was enhanced at least 20-fold by the same concentration of heparin. Furthermore, despite the ability of heparin (1 U/ml) to increase the inactivation rate of thrombin by plasma, no acceleration of the rate of inhibition of factor XIa by plasma was observed. Similar results were found when the inhibition of factor XIa was monitored with a coagulant assay after first removing the heparin. Only at heparin concentrations of 5 and 10 U/ml, was a 2- and 4-fold increase in the inactivation rate of factor XIa by purified antithrombin III observed. Therefore, in both purified systems as well as plasma, heparin, at concentrations observed in clinical practice, does not accelerate the inactivation rate of human factor XIa by antithrombin-III.
The Green500 List: A Look Back to Look Forward (2017)

From the birth of supercomputing, the metric of importance has been performance relative to operations per second, or more specifically, floating-point operations per second (FLOPS). With the cost of power, cooling, and facilities all rising rapidly, a departure from the &quot;performance at any cost&quot; mantra came into the public eye in 2002 with the announcement of the &quot;Green Destiny&quot; cluster supercomputer at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). From the turn of the millennium through the first decade of the millennium, the awareness and necessity of green supercomputing continued to increase and build momentum in the HPC community. What the community needed was a venue in which to compete with respect to energy efficiency, in view of the public eye, with standardized methods and comparable results. Thus was born the Green500. Linpack has been a point of contention as long as it has been used in the Green500.
Programming Cloud Resource Orchestration Framework: Operations and Research Challenges (2012)

The emergence of cloud computing over the past five years is potentially one of the breakthrough advances in the history of computing. It delivers hardware and software resources as virtualization-enabled services and in which administrators are free from the burden of worrying about the low level implementation or system administration details. Although cloud computing offers considerable opportunities for the users (e.g. application developers, governments, new startups, administrators, consultants, scientists, business analyst, etc.) such as no up-front investment, lowering operating cost, and infinite scalability, it has many unique research challenges that need to be carefully addressed in the future. In this paper, we present a survey on key cloud computing concepts, resource abstractions, and programming operations for orchestrating resources and associated research challenges, wherever applicable.
Piston Thermal Deformation and Friction Considerations (1982)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The piston assembly is generally believed to account for a large percentage of the total engine mechanical power loss. Maintaining a proper running skirt profile and skirt-to-bore clearance at operating temperature is essential in piston friction reduction. Pistons for current automotive engines are made of an aluminum alloy which has a thermal expansion coefficient 80% higher than that of the cast iron material commonly used for the engine block. The running clearance under engine operating conditions is, therefore, quite different from the design clearance, and a capability to compute the piston thermal expansion is needed.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In this study, a three-dimensional finite element model was developed to calculate the piston operating temperature and the corresponding thermal expansion in the presence of asymmetric structural features such as a translot, a steel strut, and a pin boss. The model can be used to design skirt profiles which have the potential to decrease break-in time, reduce friction, and minimize piston slap.&lt;/div&gt;
Effect of dehulling of rapeseed on feed value and nutrient digestibility of rape products in pigs (2004)

In the presented study the influence of dehulling rapeseed on the composition of rapeseed meal (RM) and rapeseed cake (RC) and on its feed value for piglets and growing-finishing pigs was investigated. Before withdrawal of oil, rapeseed (variety Express) was dehulled applying a procedure developed by SKET GmbH Magdeburg and the Section Food-Technology of the University Essen. The steps of the dehulling procedure were described. For RM the oil was removed by the prepress-solvent procedure till a crude fat content of 2.1% in DM. RC was produced by pressing only resulting approximately 13% crude fat in DM. The RM and RC from not dehulled (ND) and dehulled (D) rapeseed were examined analytically. Crude nutrients, sugar and fibre substances, amino acids, some minerals and trace elements, fatty acids, glucosinolates and sinapine, and phytate were determined. By dehulling the seed the crude fibre content was decreased in RM and RC by approximately 40%. The ADF content declined by 35 and 39%, and the NDF content by 28% and 40% in RM and RC, respectively. The decrease in ADL content amounted to 50% and 65% for RM and RC, respectively. On the other hand, the CP content of RM and RC was increased by 7% and 13%, respectively, by dehulling the seed while the amino acid content of rape protein increased only slightly. The contents of glucosinolates and sinapine were also increased by dehulling, while the contents of phytate and phytate P were decreased. In digestibility and balance experiments with piglets and intact hybrid breeds of growing-finishing pigs, the digestibility of organic matter and of crude nutrients and the contents of digestible energy and metabolizable energy were estimated. Furthermore, the precaecal digestibility of crude nutrients and amino acids was determined with fistulated mini-pigs. By dehulling the seeds the digestibility of organic matter from RM and RC was improved in piglets and adult pigs by approximately 10%, and the ME contents increased by 13-15%. The precaecal digestibility of the sum of amino acids was increased by approximately 3 and 6 units in RM and RC, respectively. The precaecal digestibility of lysine in RM and RC reached that of soybean oil meal from not dehulled beans.
Control of Epstein-Barr virus infection in vitro by T helper cells specific for virion glycoproteins (2006)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes lifelong persistent infections in humans by latently infecting B cells, with occasional cycles of reactivation, virus production, and reinfection. Protective immunity against EBV is mediated by T cells, but the role of EBV-specific T helper (Th) cells is still poorly defined. Here, we study the Th response to the EBV lytic cycle proteins BLLF1 (gp350/220), BALF4 (gp110), and BZLF1 and show that glycoprotein-specific Th cells recognize EBV-positive cells directly; surprisingly, a much higher percentage of target cells than those expressing lytic cycle proteins were recognized. Antigen is efficiently transferred to bystander B cells by receptor-mediated uptake of released virions, resulting in recognition of target cells incubated with <1 virion/cell. T cell recognition does not require productive infection and occurs early after virus entry before latency is established. Glycoprotein-specific Th cells are cytolytic and inhibit proliferation of lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) and the outgrowth of LCL after infection of primary B cells with EBV. These results establish a novel role for glycoprotein-specific Th cells in the control of EBV infection and identify virion proteins as important immune targets. These findings have implications for the treatment of diseases associated with EBV and potentially other coated viruses infecting MHC class II-positive cells.
Greater pQCT Calf Muscle Density Is Associated with Lower Fracture Risk, Independent of FRAX, Falls and BMD: A Meta‐Analysis in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study (2022)

We investigated the predictive performance of peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) measures of both calf muscle density (an established surrogate for muscle adiposity, with higher values indicating lower muscle adiposity and higher muscle quality) and size (cross-sectional area [CSA]) for incident fracture. pQCT (Stratec XCT2000/3000) measurements at the tibia were undertaken in Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) United States (US), Hong Kong (HK), and Swedish (SW) cohorts. Analyses were by cohort and synthesized by meta-analysis. The predictive value for incident fracture outcomes, illustrated here for hip fracture (HF), using an extension of Poisson regression adjusted for age and follow-up time, was expressed as hazard ratio (HR) per standard deviation (SD) increase in exposure (HR/SD). Further analyses adjusted for femoral neck (fn) bone mineral density (BMD) <i>T</i>-score, Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) 10-year fracture probability (major osteoporotic fracture) and prior falls. We studied 991 (US), 1662 (HK), and 1521 (SW) men, mean ± SD age 77.0 ± 5.1, 73.9 ± 4.9, 80 ± 3.4 years, followed for a mean ± SD 7.8 ± 2.2, 8.1 ± 2.3, 5.3 ± 2.0 years, with 31, 47, and 78 incident HFs, respectively. Both greater muscle CSA and greater muscle density were associated with a lower risk of incident HF [HR/SD: 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-1.0 and 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66-0.91, respectively]. The pattern of associations was not materially changed by adjustment for prior falls or FRAX probability. In contrast, after inclusion of fn BMD <i>T</i>-score, the association for muscle CSA was no longer apparent (1.04; 95% CI, 0.88-1.24), whereas that for muscle density was not materially changed (0.69; 95% CI, 0.59-0.82). Findings were similar for osteoporotic fractures. pQCT measures of greater calf muscle density and CSA were both associated with lower incidence of fractures in older men, but only muscle density remained an independent risk factor for fracture after accounting for fn BMD. These findings demonstrate a complex interplay between measures of bone, muscle size, and quality, in determining fracture risk. © 2022 The Authors. <i>JBMR Plus</i> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
DNA Binding Specificity and Cytotoxicity of Novel Antitumor Agent Ge132 Derivatives. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Waveform prototype-based feature learning for automatic detection of the early repolarization pattern in ECG signals (2018)

Objective Our aim was to develop an automated detection method, for prescreening purposes, of early repolarization (ER) pattern with slur/notch configuration in electrocardiogram (ECG) signals using a waveform prototype-based feature vector for supervised classification. Approach The feature vectors consist of fragments of the ECG signal where the ER pattern is located, instead of abstract descriptive variables of ECG waveforms. The tested classifiers included linear discriminant analysis, k-nearest neighbor algorithm, and support vector machine (SVM). Main results SVM showed the best performance in Friedman tests in our test data including 5676 subjects representing 45 408 leads. Accuracies of the different classifiers showed results well over 90%, indicating that the waveform prototype-based feature vector is an effective representation of the differences between ECG signals with and without the ER pattern. The accuracy of inferior ER was 92.74% and 92.21% for lateral ER. The sensitivity achieved was 91.80% and specificity was 92.73%. Significance The algorithm presented here showed good performance results, indicating that it could be used as a prescreening tool of ER, and it provides an additional identification of critical cases based on the distances to the classifier decision boundary, which are close to the 0.1 mV threshold and are difficult to label.
Thumb Lengthening by Metacarpal Distraction (1980)

A case with 1-cm distraction elongation of a child's thumb metacarpal 7 years after initial injury is presented. The thumb to long finger pinch was improved by this procedure. The metacarpal elongation has been maintained for 3 years. The mechanism of this repair appears to be ossification of connective tissue. Immobilization until bony union is complete is recommended to avoid loss of length gained.
Application of relevance vector machine in battery's remaining capacity prediction (2012)

Remaining capacity is an important parameter for battery's administration and control.In order to predict the remaining capacity of VRLA battery accurately and enhance the prediction precision,relevance vector machine was introduced.Compared with LS-SVM and GA-BPNN model,the simulation results show that the proposed method reduce the prediction model's complexity and has higher precision of prediction for practical application.
Oxidative Stress is Intrinsic to Staphylococcal Adaptation to Fatty Acid Synthesis Antibiotics (2022)

Abstract Antibiotics inhibiting the fatty acid synthesis (FASII) pathway of the major pathogen Staphylococcus aureus reach their enzyme targets, but bacteria continue growth by using environmental fatty acids (eFAs) to produce phospholipids. We assessed how extreme changes in membrane phospholipids provoked by FASII-antibiotics affect global S. aureus physiology. Anti-FASII provoked massive lasting expression changes without genomic rearrangements. Several regulators, rather than one master switch, contributed to the timing of anti-FASII adaptation. Numerous virulence and adhesion factors showed decreased levels and/or activity. Conversely, stress response protein levels increased, and correlated with greater tolerance to peroxides. Notably, peroxide priming stimulated eFA incorporation efficiency and facilitated adaptation to FASII inhibition. These findings establish a link between oxidative stress and FA incorporation. Consistent with major shift in protein expression, anti-FASII-adapted S. aureus killed an insect host more slowly but continued multiplying. Thus, while anti-FASII-adapted populations are less equipped to damage the host, they may be better fit for long term survival, and could constitute a reservoir for re-infection.
A refined method to evaluate diapers for effectiveness in reducing skin hydration using the adult forearm (1997)

Evaporative water loss measurement on adult forearms was shown to be a reliable test for comparing the effectiveness of absorbent articles in preventing excessive skin hydration provided that 1) the complete garment was used and 2) fluid was loaded in a manner that simulated normal urination. Skin on adult forearms and skin in the diaper region of children were concordant in their response to wet diapers. Skin wetness was directly related to the amount of liquid retained in absorbent layers close to the skin.
Rack cooling effectiveness in data centers and telecom central offices : The rack cooling index (RCI). Discussion (2005)

Managing today’s dense equipment environments is a challenge; over-temperatures may not only harm expensive electronic equipment but also interrupt critical and/or revenue generating services. This paper is proposing a methodology and an index for analyzing the rack cooling effectiveness in data centers, telecom central offices, and other mission critical facilities. Although Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling allows visualization of temperatures throughout equipment rooms, to sort out the cooling effectiveness of different design options can be challenging. By using the same CFD technology, however, the rack intake temperatures can be established. They provide a “complete” picture of the thermal environment for air-cooled equipment. Still, there is no yardstick for interpreting the modeled (or measured) temperatures. This paper proposes a dimensionless index as the vehicle for such a common standard. The Rack Cooling Index (RCI) is designed to be a measure of how effectively equipment racks are cooled and maintained within industry thermal guidelines and standards. By testing the methodology and the index on a typical data center environment with two contrasting cooling systems, it is shown that the index indeed provides a meaningful measure of the rack cooling effectiveness. The index has the capacity to help evaluate the equipment room health for managing existing environments or designing new environments.
Direct monocular odometry using points and lines (2017)

Most visual odometry algorithm for a monocular camera focuses on points, either by feature matching, or direct alignment of pixel intensity, while ignoring a common but important geometry entity: edges. In this paper, we propose an odometry algorithm that combines points and edges to benefit from the advantages of both direct and feature based methods. It works better in texture-less environments and is also more robust to lighting changes and fast motion by increasing the convergence basin. We maintain a depth map for the keyframe then in the tracking part, the camera pose is recovered by minimizing both the photometric error and geometric error to the matched edge in a probabilistic framework. In the mapping part, edge is used to speed up and increase stereo matching accuracy. On various public datasets, our algorithm achieves better or comparable performance than state-of-the-art monocular odometry methods. In some challenging texture-less environments, our algorithm reduces the state estimation error over 50%.
Google Docs 4 Everyone (2009)

Who needs expensive, old-fashioned office software? Now, you can do everything online, free, with Google Docs! Experts Steve and Nancy Holzner offer simple, step-by-step instructions and great insider tips for making the most of Googles powerful online word processing, spreadsheet, and presentation tools. Youll get started fast... learn how to create and format professional-quality documents of all kinds... collaborate with colleagues to build better proposals and presentations... use advanced tools like revision history, templates, and charts... discover Google Docs latest features and shortcuts... and a whole lot more! No matter what kind of documents you create, this book can help you do the job better, faster, and more efficiently... and youll never pay for office software again! Youll Learn How To Get your free Google account and set up iGoogle for instant access to your documents Upload and use the documents youve already created with Microsoft Office Use Google Spreadsheet to create charts to display spreadsheet data Master Google Docs easy, powerful document-editing and formatting tools Insert images into your documents and presentations Share documents securely with your colleagues Back up your documents offline and edit them when you dont have an Internet connection Steven Holzner, former contributing editor at PC Magazine, is author of 108 computer books that have sold more than 2.5 million copies. His most recent Pearson book is Facebook Marketing. Nancy Holzner writes and edits technology books from her home in central New York state. Her recent publications include books on Intuit QuickBase and Zoho. Nancy has also worked as a medievalist, a high school teacher, and a corporate trainer. CATEGORY: Productivity Suites COVERS: Google Docs USER LEVEL: Beginning-Intermediate
Epidermal growth factor receptor and AKT1 gene copy numbers by multi‐gene fluorescence in situ hybridization impact on prognosis in breast cancer (2015)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway aberrations play significant roles in breast cancer occurrence and development. However, the status of EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers remains unclear. In this study, we showed that the rates of EGFR and AKT1 gene copy number alterations were associated with the prognosis of breast cancer. Among 205 patients, high EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers were observed in 34.6% and 27.8% of cases by multi-gene fluorescence in situ hybridization, respectively. Co-heightened EGFR/AKT1 gene copy numbers were identified in 11.7% cases. No changes were found in 49.3% of patients. Although changes in EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers had no correlation with patients' age, tumor stage, histological grade and the expression status of other molecular makers, high EGFR (P = 0.0002) but not AKT1 (P = 0.1177) gene copy numbers correlated with poor 5-year overall survival. The patients with co-heightened EGFR/AKT1 gene copy numbers displayed a poorer prognosis than those with tumors with only high EGFR gene copy numbers (P = 0.0383). Both Univariate (U) and COX multivariate (C) analyses revealed that high EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers (P = 0.000 [U], P = 0.0001 [C]), similar to histological grade (P = 0.001 [U], P = 0.012 [C]) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.046 [U], P = 0.158 [C]), were independent prognostic indicators of 5-year overall survival. These results indicate that high EGFR and AKT1 gene copy numbers were relatively frequent in breast cancer. Co-heightened EGFR/AKT1 gene copy numbers had a worse outcome than those with only high EGFR gene copy numbers, suggesting that evaluation of these two genes together may be useful for selecting patients for anti-EGFR-targeted therapy or anti-EGFR/AKT1-targeted therapy and for predicting outcomes.