gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PZ-peptidase from chick embryos. Purification, properties, and action on collagen peptides. (1977)

PZ-peptidase is an endopeptidase that cleaves the synthetic substrate developed for clostridial collagenase, 4-phenylazobenzyloxycarbonyl-L-Pro-L-Leu-Gly-L-Pro-D-Arg (PZ-peptide). The peptidase has been purified to homogeneity from chicken embryos. The enzyme has a pH optimum of 7.5 to 8.5, and isoelectric point of 5.0, and a molecular weight of 77,000. The kinetic parameters at pH 8 and 37 degrees are: Km = 2 X 10(-4) M and Vmax = 4.2 mumol/min/mg of protein. The enzyme is inhibited by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (100%), N-ethylmaleimide (60%), and chelating agents (40 to 60%). Maximum activity is attained in the presence of reducing agents and Ca2+, Sr2+, or Mg2+. The peptidase has no detectable action on casein, serum albumin, collagen, collagen alpha chains, various collagen peptides (alpha1)(I)-CB2, alpha1(I)-CB3, alpha1(I)-CB4), (Gly-Pro-Pro)10, or (Gly-Pro-Pro)5. It does catalyze the hydrolysis of the Hyp--Gly bond in the 17-residue collagen peptide alpha1(II)-CB6-C2 and it partially digested a mixture of collagen peptides of molecular weight 350 to 2500. A role of this peptidase in collagen breakdown appears to be restricted to a late stage when degradation products would fall in the range of 5 to 30 residues.
Dynamic Behavior of Cryogen Spray Cooling: Effect of Spray Distance (2003)

Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is used to minimize the risk of epidermal damage during laser dermatologic surgery. During CSC, skin surface is cooled by a short spurt of refrigerant R134a with boiling point of −26.2°C. Since R134a is volatile in open atmospheric conditions, the atomized liquid droplets undergo continuous evaporation as they fly in air, leading to a lost momentum and mass. Therefore, the cooling effect of CSC depends strongly on the spray distance between the nozzle and the skin surface (L). The objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate the effect of L on the dynamic heat transfer of CSC. A skin model system made of poly methyl-methacrylate resin (Plexiglass®) is used to simulate CSC during laser dermatologic surgery. A fast-response temperature measurement sensor is built using thin (20 μm) aluminum foil and placed on top of the plexiglass with a 50 μm bead diameter thermocouple positioned in between. Variation of the surface temperature is then measured under various spray distances. The surface heat flux (q) as well as the heat transfer coefficient (h) between the surface and the cryogen is estimated by solving an inverse heat conduction problem with the measured temperature data as input. The effect of L on surface cooling in CSC is then investigated systematically. Both the estimated q and h show strong dynamic characteristics and are strong functions of the L. Two distinct spray-surface interaction mechanisms are identified within the spray distances studied. For short L (&amp;lt; 30 mm), the spurt droplets impinge on the substrate violently, resulting in a fairly thin cryogen film deposited on the surface. Strong dynamics and high q result in this case, corresponding to a high h as well. Interestingly, h becomes strongly fluctuating and even larger after spurt termination for these cases. For long L (&amp;gt; 30 mm), q is lower and it steadily decreases after spurt termination. The dynamic variation of h in this case is similar to that of q. These results should help in the selection of optimal CSC parameters, which are needed to produce high heat fluxes at the skin surface and thus obtain maximal epidermal protection during various dermatologic laser therapies.
Miniature Biomimetic Acoustic Sensors (1999)

Abstract : Stereocilia, Nature's fundamental acoustic sensors are found in all hearing living systems. They are located on hair cells in the cochlea. Deflection of stereocilia, induced by shear in the endolymphatic fluid, generates neural impulses. Stereocilia are also found in the lateral line of fish for water flow detection. Even in non-hearing organisms (hydra, jellyfish, sea anemones), stereocilia may be present as mechanoreceptors for swimming prey detection (plankton). Highly ordered arrays of parallel carbon nanotubes were grown by pyrolysis of acetylene on cobalt within a hexagonal close-packed nanochannel alumina template at 650 degrees Celsius. The nanotubes are characterized by a narrow size distribution, large scale periodicity and high densities. Using this method ordered nanotubes with diameters from 10 nanometers to several hundred nanometers and lengths up to 100 micrometers can be produced. Stereocilia as sensors: 1. Miniature microphones/hydrophones 2. Miniature acoustic imaging arrays 3. Micro-flow detectors 4. Shear stress micro-sensors 5. Microscale bio-sound detectors. Stereocilia as actuators: 1. Similar to crustacean/insect stridulatory pegs 2. Micro-Sonar/Sodar emitting arrays, Handheld Sonars, Air-Coupled Acoustic Sensors.
The Visible Human Project (1998)

The Visible Human Project data sets are designed to serve as a common reference point for the study of human anatomy, as a set of common public-domain data for testing medical imaging algorithms, and as a testbed and model for the construction of image libraries that can be accessed through networks. The data sets are being applied to a wide range of educational, diagnostic, treatment planning, virtual reality, artistic, mathematical, and industrial uses by more than 800 licensees in 27 countries. But key issues remain in the development of methods to link such image data to text-based data. Standards do not currently exist for such linkages. Basic research is needed in the description and representation of image-based structures and in the connection of image-based structural-anatomical data to text-based functional-physiological data. This is the larger, long-term goal of the Visible Human Project: to link the print library of functional-physiological knowledge with the image library of structural-anatomical knowledge transparently into one unified resource of health information.
Temporal Trends in Complex Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (2022)

In the current cohort, we have detected a temporal increase in PCI complexity coupled with improved 1-year clinical outcomes in C-PCI.
Protein Origami: Therapeutic Rescue of Misfolded Gene Products (2002)

Receptor mutations that elicit loss of function are sometimes equated with defects that ablate receptor-ligand binding or receptor-effector interactions. Similarly, mutationally defective enzymes and ion channels are often viewed as compromised in substrate or ion recognition, respectively. Recent observations, however, suggest that an alternate mechanism may be surprisingly common, namely, that mutations in structural genes may not interfere with the inherent functionality of the affected protein, but nevertheless cause disease by preventing the cell's trafficking machinery from placing the affected protein at the appropriate subcellular compartment (e.g., at the cell membrane). Accordingly, therapies may be devised to ensure the placement of receptors (or other proteins) at locations where they can support cell function.
Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Via Linear Programming (1995)

Two medical applications of linear programming are described in this paper. Specifically, linear programming-based machine learning techniques are used to increase the accuracy and objectivity of breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The first application to breast cancer diagnosis utilizes characteristics of individual cells, obtained from a minimally invasive fine needle aspirate, to discriminate benign from malignant breast lumps. This allows an accurate diagnosis without the need for a surgical biopsy. The diagnostic system in current operation at University of Wisconsin Hospitals was trained on samples from 569 patients and has had 100% chronological correctness in diagnosing 131 subsequent patients. The second application, recently put into clinical practice, is a method that constructs a surface that predicts when breast cancer is likely to recur in patients that have had their cancers excised. This gives the physician and the patient better information with which to plan treatment, and may eliminate the need for a prognostic surgical procedure. The novel feature of the predictive approach is the ability to handle cases for which cancer has not recurred (censored data) as well as cases for which cancer has recurred at a specific time. The prognostic system has an expected error of 13.9 to 18.3 months, which is better than prognosis correctness by other available techniques.
A cis -carotene derived apocarotenoid regulates etioplast and chloroplast development (2019)

ABSTRACT Carotenoids are core plastid components, yet a regulatory function during plastid biogenesis remains enigmatic. A unique carotenoid biosynthesis mutant, carotenoid chloroplast regulation 2 ( ccr2 ), that has no prolamellar body (PLB) and normal PROTOCHLOROPHYLLIDE OXIDOREDUCTASE (POR) levels, was used to demonstrate a regulatory function for carotenoids under varied dark-light regimes. A forward genetics approach revealed how an epistatic interaction between a (-carotene isomerase mutant ( ziso-155 ) and ccr2 blocked the biosynthesis of specific cis -carotenes and restored PLB formation in etioplasts. We attributed this to a novel apocarotenoid signal, as chemical inhibition of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase activity restored PLB formation in ccr2 etioplasts during skotomorphogenesis. The apocarotenoid acted in parallel to the transcriptional repressor of photomorphogenesis, DEETIOLATED1 (DET1), to post-transcriptionally regulate PROTOCHLOROPHYLLIDE OXIDOREDUCTASE (POR), PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR3 (PIF3) and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) protein levels. The apocarotenoid signal and det1 complemented each other to restore POR levels and PLB formation, thereby controlling plastid development. One-sentence summary Carotenoids are not just required as core components for plastid biogenesis, they can be cleaved into an apocarotenoid signal that regulates etioplast and chloroplast development during extended periods of darkness.
Effects of testosterone on messenger ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis in rat seminal vesicle (1978)

In a previous report [Higgins et al. (1976) Biochem. J.158, 271-282] we described the effects of alterations in androgen status on the synthesis of two basic secretory proteins of the rat seminal vesicle. In the present paper we examine the effects of testosterone on the activity of mRNA in the seminal vesicle. Total cellular poly(A)-rich RNA was isolated and translated in a cell-free system prepared from wheat germ. Translation products were separated on denaturing polyacrylamide gels and the protein bands corresponding to the two basic secretory proteins were identified immunologically. Incorporation of radioactive methionine into these bands was taken as a measure of the individual mRNA activities. Total mRNA activity was estimated by radioactivity in total acid-precipitable material. The results show that 1 to 2 weeks after castration the activities of mRNA molecules for the basic secretory proteins were decreased 10-20-fold on a tissue basis. Testosterone given in vivo rapidly and substantially restores mRNA activity to normal. Since these changes correlate closely with variations in the rates of synthesis of the secretory proteins in whole cells it suggests that androgenic steroids control protein synthesis chiefly via mRNA availability. In this respect their action resembles those of other steroid hormones acting in other systems. However, these effects of testosterone on the mRNA molecules for the major secretory proteins could not be distinguished from those on total mRNA. Thus the proportion of the total mRNA population accounted for by the two specific mRNA molecules showed less than a 2-fold variation with androgen status. Similarly the two secretory proteins always accounted for 25-33% of general protein synthesis. This is in sharp contrast with the markedly differential effects of other steroid hormones controlling synthesis of major proteins in other well-studied systems. We interpret our results as indicating that testosterone regulates the mRNA population of the seminal vesicle as a whole.
Scalable Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on Hybrid Organic/Biopolymer Electrodes (2017)

A trihybrid bioelectrode composed of lignin, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and poly(aminoanthraquinone) (PAAQ) is prepared by a two‐step galvanostatic electropolymerization, and characterized for supercapacitor applications. Using PEDOT/Lignin as a base layer, followed by the consecutive deposition of PAAQ, the hybrid electrode PEDOT/Lignin/PAAQ shows a high specific capacitance of 418 F g −1 with small self‐discharge. This trihybrid electrode material can be assembled into symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors. The asymmetric supercapacitor uses PEDOT + Lignin/PAAQ as positive electrode and PEDOT/PAAQ as negative electrode, and exhibits superior electrochemical performance due to the synergistic effect of the two electrodes, which leads to a specific capacitance of 74 F g −1 . It can be reversibly cycled in the voltage range of 0–0.7 V. More than 80% capacitance is retained after 10 000 cycles. These remarkable features reveal the exciting potential of a full organic energy storage device with long cycle life.
Platelet P2Y1 receptor exhibits constitutive G protein signaling and β-arrestin 2 recruitment (2023)

This study sheds new light on P2Y<sub>1</sub>-R pharmacology, highlighting for the first time the existence of a constitutively active P2Y<sub>1</sub>-R population in human platelets. Given the recent interest of P2Y<sub>12</sub>-R constitutive activity in patients with diabetes, this study suggests that modification of constitutive P2Y<sub>1</sub>-R signaling might be involved in pathological conditions, including bleeding syndrome or high susceptibility to thrombotic risk. Thus, targeting platelet P2Y<sub>1</sub>-R constitutive activation might be a promising and powerful strategy for future antiplatelet therapy.
ERCP (2014)

The results of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures are dependent on the expertise of the involved endoscopist, and the quality of the facility and assisting team. Metrics of these quality issues are now available and should be used to provide information on individuals (report cards) and how they compare with peers (benchmarking).
Low dose-intensity docetaxel in the treatment of pre-treated elderly patients with metastatic breast cancer. (2005)

We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity profile of single-agent docetaxel administered in daily clinical practice at low-dose regimen in 37 pre-treated elderly patients with metastatic breast cancer previously exposed to chemotherapy. Docetaxel was employed by physician's preference according to a weekly (8 patients, 25-30 mg/m2 every 7 days), bi-weekly (19 patients, 40-50 mg/m2 every 14 days), or tri-weekly (10 patients, 75-100 mg/m2 every 21-28 days) schedule. The median age of patients was 70 yrs, and most of them (84%) had a good PS; visceral metastases were found in 26 patients. Twenty-five patients were pre-treated by two or more chemotherapy lines. Anthracycline or anthracycline/paclitaxel therapy was previously employed in 25 patients (67%). Median delivered dose-intensity of docetaxel was 21 mg/m2/week (range 11-32), without significant differences between the regimens used. Thirty-three patients were evaluable for response. Eight (24%) patients had objective responses (2 complete and 6 partial) to docetaxel, with a median duration of response of 18 months; 14 (42%) patients had stable disease lasting more than 6 months (median 10 months). Median overall time to progression was 6 months. Median overall survival was 16 months, with 1- and 2-year survival rates of 64% and 34%, respectively. Grade 3/4 toxicities were rare: leucopenia in 18% of patients, neutropenia in 13%, emesis in 8%, diarrhea in 5%, and mucositis in 5%. Severe fatigue was recorded in 4 patients. In conclusion, docetaxel, even when administered at low dose-intensity, demonstrated good disease control and toxicity profile. This approach provides an excellent alternative for pre-treated elderly patients with advanced breast cancer.
Telomerase as a therapeutic target in glioblastoma (2021)

Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and it continues to have a dismal prognosis. The development of targeted therapeutics has been particularly challenging, in part due to a limited number of oncogenic mutations and significant intra-tumoral heterogeneity. TERT promoter mutations were first discovered in melanoma and later found to be present in up to 80% of glioblastoma samples. They are also frequent clonal alterations in this tumor. TERT promoter mutations are one of the mechanisms for telomerase reactivation, providing cancers with cellular immortality. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase ribonucleoprotein complex that maintains telomere length in cells with high proliferative ability. In this article, we present genomic and pre-clinical data that support telomerase as a potential "Achilles' heel" for glioblastoma. We also summarize prior experience with anti-telomerase agents and potential new approaches to tackle this target.
Electronic Sensors for Assessing Interactions between Healthcare Workers and Patients under Airborne Precautions (2012)

The RFID was well accepted by HCWs. This original technique holds promise for accurately and continuously measuring interactions between HCWs and patients, as a less resource-consuming substitute for direct observation. The results could be used to model the transmission of significant pathogens. HCW perceptions of interactions with patients accurately reflected reality.
“Switching On” the Properties of Single-Molecule Magnetism in Triangular Manganese(III) Complexes (2007)

The reaction between oxide-centered, triangular [MnIII3O(O2CR)6(py)3](ClO4) (R = Me (1), Et (2), Ph (3)) compounds and methyl 2-pyridyl ketone oxime (mpkoH) affords a new family of Mn/carboxylato/oximato complexes, [MnIII3O(O2CR)3(mpko)3](ClO4) [R = Me (4), Et (5), and Ph (6)]. As in 1-3, the cations of 4-6 contain an [MnIII3(mu3-O)]7+ triangular core, but with each Mn2 edge now bridged by an eta1:eta1:mu-RCO2- and an eta1:eta1:eta1:mu-mpko- group. The tridentate binding mode of the latter causes a buckling of the formerly planar [MnIII3(mu3-O)]7+ core, resulting in a relative twisting of the three MnIII octahedra and the central O2- ion now lying approximately 0.3 A above the Mn3 plane. This structural distortion leads to ferromagnetic exchange interactions within the molecule and a resulting S = 6 ground state. Fits of dc magnetization data for 4-6 collected in the 1.8-10.0 K and 10-70 kG ranges confirmed S = 6 ground states, and gave the following D and g values: -0.34 cm(-1) and 1.92 for 4, -0.34 cm(-1) and 1.93 for 5, and -0.35 cm(-1) and 1.99 for 6, where D is the axial zero-field splitting (anisotropy) parameter. Complexes 4-6 all exhibit frequency-dependent out-of-phase (chi" M) ac susceptibility signals suggesting them possibly to be single-molecule magnets (SMMs). Relaxation rate vs T data for complex 4 down to 1.8 K obtained from the chi" M vs T studies were supplemented with rate vs T data measured to 0.04 K via magnetization vs time decay studies, and these were used to construct Arrhenius plots from which was obtained the effective barrier to relaxation (Ueff) of 10.9 K. Magnetization vs dc field sweeps on single-crystals of 4.3CH2Cl2 displayed hysteresis loops exhibiting steps due to quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM). The loops were essentially temperature-independent below approximately 0.3 K, indicating only ground-state QTM between the lowest-lying Ms = +/-6 levels. Complexes 4-6 are thus confirmed as the first triangular SMMs. High-frequency EPR spectra of single crystals of 4.3CH2Cl2 have provided precise spin Hamiltonian parameters, giving D = -0.3 cm(-1), B40 = -3 x 10(-5) cm(-1), and g = 2.00. The spectra also suggest a significant transverse anisotropy of E > or = 0.015 cm(-1). The combined work demonstrates the feasibility that structural distortions of a magnetic core imposed by peripheral ligands can "switch on" the properties of an SMM.
[no title] (1999)

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Locked Plating of Distal Femur Fractures Leads to Inconsistent and Asymmetric Callus Formation (2010)

Stabilization of distal femur fractures with periarticular locking plates can cause inconsistent and asymmetric formation of periosteal callus. A larger bridge span only minimally improves callus formation. The more flexible titanium plates enhanced callus formation compared with stainless steel plates.
Thermodynamics of protein association reactions: forces contributing to stability (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamics of protein association reactions: forces contributing to stabilityPhilip D. Ross and S. SubramanianCite this: Biochemistry 1981, 20, 11, 3096–3102Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00514a017https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00514a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8439Altmetric-Citations4552LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Diverse effects of anti‐CD44 antibodies on the stromal cell‐mediated support of normal but not leukaemic (CML) haemopoiesis in vitro (1997)

We have identified three non-cross-reacting anti-human CD44 monoclonal antibodies that have significant positive or negative (or no) effects on normal human haemopoiesis in the long-term culture (LTC) system. These effects manifested as increases or decreases in the number of LTC-initiating cells (LTC-IC), and the number of colony-forming cells (CFC) recovered from cultures in which either unseparated or highly purified CD34+ CD38- normal marrow cells were placed on pre-established normal marrow feeder layers in the presence or absence of each antibody. The effects seen were rapid and sustained, and dependent on the presence of a preformed feeder layer. Interestingly, the same anti-CD44 antibodies had no effect on the maintenance of leukaemic (Ph+) progenitors (from patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia) when these cells were cultured on preformed feeder layers established from normal marrow. CD44 appears to be part of a mechanism by which stromal elements can regulate primitive normal haemopoietic cells but not their leukaemic (Ph+) counterparts.