gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CoFF: Cooperative Spatial Feature Fusion for 3D Object Detection on Autonomous Vehicles (2020)

To reduce the amount of transmitted data, feature map based fusion is recently proposed as a practical solution to cooperative 3D object detection by autonomous vehicles. The precision of object detection, however, may require significant improvement, especially for objects that are far away or occluded. To address this critical issue for the safety of autonomous vehicles and human beings, we propose a cooperative spatial feature fusion (CoFF) method for autonomous vehicles to effectively fuse feature maps for achieving a higher 3D object detection performance. Specially, CoFF differentiates weights among feature maps for a more guided fusion, based on how much new semantic information is provided by the received feature maps. It also enhances the inconspicuous features corresponding to far/occluded objects to improve their detection precision. Experimental results show that CoFF achieves a significant improvement in terms of both detection precision and effective detection range for autonomous vehicles, compared to previous feature fusion solutions.
In vitro selection of antisense oligonucleotides targeted to a hairpin structure. (1994)

Antisense oligonucleotides are widely used to selectively prevent pre-RNA splicing, mRNA translation or cDNA synthesis from a retroviral RNA template. However, intramolecular folding of the RNA chain can sequester the target sequence into a stable structure. Consequently, the antisense effect can be greatly reduced or even abolished. Hydrogen donor and acceptor sites are still available on nucleic acid bases involved in secondary structures. However, the rational design of antisense sequences able to recognize the three dimensional array of these sites is not available. We used an in vitro selection procedure to fish out aptastrucs, i.e., oligomers able ("apte") to bind to a structure. A population of randomly synthesized oligonucleotides was mixed with the structure of interest and oligodeoxynucleotide sequences bound to the target were selected and amplified. The selection involves the destruction of the unbound candidates by a restriction enzyme. This procedure can be used both for RNA and DNA target structures and does not require the purification of the bound oligonucleotides at each cycle of selection. Several cycles of selection-amplification, followed by cloning and sequencing, allowed us to identify three oligonucleotides able to form a complex with a DNA hairpin. Due to the sequence of the selected candidates, these aptastruc-hairpin complexes involve very likely non-canonical interactions between the two partners.
Uveitis Caused byTropheryma whippelii(Whipple's Bacillus) (1995)

Whipple's disease is a multisystem bacterial disease usually characterized by malabsorption, diarrhea, and polyarthritis. Ocular manifestations of Whipple's disease include blurred vision or visual loss with one or more of the following findings: vitritis, uveitis, retinitis, retinal hemorrhage, choroiditis, papilledema, optic atrophy, and keratitis.1 In general, these ocular manifestations occur in patients who also have gastrointestinal or central nervous system involvement. We report a case of chronic, bilateral uveitis with unusual ophthalmologic features. The patient had no clinical evidence of gastrointestinal disease, and light microscopy of repeated duodenal-biopsy specimens was negative. A preliminary diagnosis of Whipple's disease was made on . . .
Abstract 368: Development of a highly potent and non-invasive optical imaging agent for glioblastoma (2012)

Abstract Using the “one-bead one-compound” (OBOC) combinatorial library approach, we have previously identified a peptide ligand LXY1, cyclic c-d-G-L-G-Hyp-N-c, that targets the α3β1 integrin of U87MG glioblastoma cells. Very recently, we have further optimized LXY1 using the OBOC focused library approach, and subsequently traditional medicinal chemistry. Three focused OBOC peptide libraries have been designed by fixing the motif c-d-G_G_ _c, randomizing the other positions with a large number of D- and other unnatural amino acids, and extending with 1-2 random amino acids at the N-terminus and/or C-terminus of LXY1. The bead libraries have been screened against U87MG cells using an on-bead cell binding assay. Three out of the twelve positive ligands have an additional L-amino acid at the C-terminus of LXY1. However, none of the positive beads has an extension of additional residues at the N-terminus. A series of new ligands has been designed based on the screening results, and extensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies have been performed. Several ligands have shown more potent in vitro binding to U87MG cells, and better in vivo tumor uptake than LXY1. Among them, LXY30 [cyclic c-d-G-Phe(3,5-diF)-G-Hyp-N-c-R] is the most promising ligand. Optical imaging of LXY30, using LXY30-biotin/streptavidin-Cy5.5 conjugate, in both subcutaneous and orthotopic U87MG glioblastoma mouse models, will be presented. LXY30 could be used as an efficient vehicle for the delivery of imaging probes and therapeutic agents against glioblastoma and other tumors with a high expression of the α3β1 integrin. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 368. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-368
Identification of aquifer dispersivities in two‐dimensional transient groundwater Contaminant transport: An optimization approach (1979)

The problem of identifying unknown aquifer dispersivities in two‐dimensional transient groundwater contaminant transport from given observations on the concentration field is addressed. This inverse problem is formulated as a general nonlinear programing problem, the purpose of which is to minimize the discrepancy between calculated and observed values of the concentration field. The method of quasilinearization is used to linearize the above problem, and the inverse algorithm becomes the solution of a sequence of linear programs that converge to the solution of the original nonlinear problem. The finite elements method in conjunction with finite differencing is used to discretize the governing differential equations which are then used as constraints for the optimization (mathematical programing) problem stated above. The effect on the inverse problem of the choice of observation points, objective function, number of finite elements, size of time step, and observation errors is studied. The proposed identification algorithm is shown to be fast, stable, and accurate.
Interference Issues between UMTS & WLAN in a Multi-Standard RF Receiver (2006)

There is an increasing demand for single user equipment (UE) supporting multi standards in third generation communication systems and beyond. Nevertheless, integrating several standards in one UE increases the front-end design complexity due to the coexistence of several systems. This paper investigates one of these issues which is the signal interference between UMTS and WLAN applications. By considering the system issues, multi-standard operation and interfering effects in a multi-standard transceiver supporting UMTS and WLAN, the receiver requirements have been derived based on the existing 3GPP specifications. The derived constrains are generally valid for all types of receiver architectures. Therefore, they are applicable for selection of components such as LNAs and filters in a multi-standard receiver front-end regardless of the chosen architecture.
Semiconducting ferroelectric perovskites with intermediate bands viaB-siteBi5+doping (2014)

We propose $B$-site ${\mathrm{Bi}}^{5+}$-doped ferroelectric perovskite materials as suitable candidates for the bulk photovoltaic effect and related solar applications. The low-lying $6s$ empty states of the electronegative Bi atom produce empty bands in the energy gap of the parent materials, effectively lowering the band gap by 1--2 eV, depending on the composition of the ferroelectric end member and the concentration of ${\mathrm{Bi}}^{5+}$ in the solid solution. The polarization decreases but survives upon doping, which enables the ``shift-current'' mechanism for photocurrent generation, while the decreased band gap allows absorption of much of the visible spectrum. The magnitude of shift-current response is calculated for $0.75{\mathrm{Pb}}_{2}{\mathrm{InNbO}}_{6}\text{\ensuremath{-}}0.25{\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{InBiO}}_{6}$ (PIN-BIB) and $0.75{\mathrm{Pb}}_{2}{\mathrm{ScNbO}}_{6}\text{\ensuremath{-}}0.25{\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{ScNbO}}_{6}$ (PSN-BSB) and is predicted to exceed the visible-light bulk photovoltaic response of all previously reported materials, including ${\mathrm{BiFeO}}_{3}$. Furthermore, the existence of their intermediate bands and multiple band gaps, combined with Fermi-level tuning by $A$-site co-doping, also allows for their potential application in traditional $p\ensuremath{-}n$ junction-based solar cells as broad-spectrum photoabsorbers.
Experimental determination of wettability and heterogeneity effect on CO2 distribution in porous media (2015)

Abstract: The geological sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is considered a promising technology for CO 2 emissions. However, accurate estimation of the storage capacity for CO 2 remains a challenge owing to the effect of capillary pressure variation. The CO 2 ‐salty aqueous contact angle and sub‐core scale heterogeneity are the major factors that influence capillary pressure. This paper reports the results of CO 2 /brine two‐phase flow experiments in porous media by using an X‐ray computed tomography (CT) technique at 40°C and 8 Mpa and examines the strong influence of wettability and sub‐core scale heterogeneities on the spatial distribution of CO 2 . Gas injection experiments were conducted at flow rates of 0.1 mL/min, 0.2 mL/min, and 0.5 mL/min, and the porous media were packed with feldspar, quartz, or dolomite. This study indicates that at the core scale, the wettability of porous media is a crucial factor in determining CO 2 saturation. Capillary fingering and low CO 2 saturation occurred with high water wettability. Sub‐core scale heterogeneities controlled the CO 2 distribution and saturation variation along the porous media, particular that with small pore sizes. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd
Diels-Alder reactions of naphthacene (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiels-Alder reactions of naphthaceneJohn S. Meek, Fred M. Dewey, and Melvin W. HannaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 1, 69–72Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01277a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01277a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Association of Epicuticular Sugars with Aphid Resistance in Hybrids with Wild Tomato (1990)

Behavioral studies have shown that aphid resistance in Lycopersicon pennellii (Corr.) D'Arcy is due to the presence of sugar esters in glandular exudate of the type IV trichomes. In this study, various methods for the estimation of epicuticular sugar ester concentrations were examined. There was a significant negative relationship between the concentration of sugar esters on the leaf and the level of potato aphid infestation in a segregating L. esculentum × L. pannellii F 2 population. Selection for sugar ester accumulation should be an efficient selection technique for the aphid resistance of L. pennellii and other species that synthesize epicuticular sugar esters.
Impact of Immunoglobulin M-Type Donor-Specific Human Leukocyte Antigen–Antibody Levels in Supernatants from Cultured Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells as Predictors of Antibody-Mediated Rejection (2020)

In the transplant recipients, the assessment of supernatants of cultured PBMCs provide more details of immune reactions than the commonly used method that directly measures IgG DSA levels in patient sera and some IgM DSA detection may be a better predictor of IgG DSAs production, which may cause AMR and enable early intervention, in initial stages of AMR development.
Inactivation of the Enveloped Bacteriophage ø6 by Butylated Hydroxytoluene and Butylated Hydroxyanisole (1976)

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a potent inactivator of the enveloped bacterial virus ø6 at concentrations as low as 3 x 10(-5) M. The viral envelope is not removed by BHT treatment, in contrast to the effects of exposure to the detergent Triton X-100. BHT-treated viruses are morphologically indistinguishable from controls but are defective in their ability to attach to the host cell. Temperature at the time of exposure was found to be a crucial factor in the effectiveness of BHT against ø6. A precipitous drop in the degree of inactivation by 3 x 10(-5) M BHT occurred when the temperature was lowered from 20 to 15 C. Calcium ions were found to potentiate the effect of BHT, particularly at lower temperatures where BHT alone was relatively ineffective. Barium and strontium, but not magnesium, were also effective in enhancing the activity of BHT. A structurally related molecule, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), was also found to inactivate ø6 virus, but higher concentrations were required than with BHT. Both BHT and BHA are commonly used as food additives, have apparent low toxicity to humans and other animals, and are potentially useful as antiviral agents.
Adaptive IIR filtering employing subband decomposition (2002)

In this paper, a novel adaptive IIR filter employing subband decomposition is presented, To derive the subband IIR adaptive filter, the subband ARMA model is introduced. Then the subband IIR adaptive filter is proposed. The proposed subband IIR filter employs reduced order adaptive IIR filter in each subband, which can approximate high order adaptive ARMA system. The computer simulations reveal that the convergence performance of the proposed subband IIR filter outperforms the conventional parallel form adaptive IIR filter.
The performance of bandwidth-efficient RS-coded multilevel DPSK schemes on a mobile fading channel (2003)

The performance of bandwidth-efficient Reed-Solomon (RS)-coded multilevel differential phase shift keying (MDPSK) schemes is evaluated on a shadowed Rician fading channel. The error bounds are derived for RS-coded MDPSK schemes for the case of ideally interleaved slow-fading channels. The effects of fading bandwidth and imperfect interleaving on the performance of these coded-modulation schemes are studied by computer simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A study of electrically active defects created in p-InP by CH4:H2 reactive ion etching (1997)

The electrical effects of reactive ion etching (RIE) of p-InP by CH4:H2 are investigated. By using optical deep-level transient spectroscopy, several deep-level defects could be detected. The main defect (E3) is found to be a donor with an energy level at Ec−0.38 eV. From depth profiles of both the net acceptor concentration and this defect, it follows that after RIE, the E3 defects are passivated by hydrogen. Simultaneous passivation of both acceptors and donors on p-InP is reported. Subsequent rapid thermal annealing at increasing temperatures shows that the E3 defects are first depassivated and then annealed out. The change of the Schottky barrier height with the anneal temperature could be explained by Fermi-level pinning due to E3 and depinning either by its passivation for low enough temperatures or by its annealing out at higher temperatures. Some possibilities concerning the physical nature of E3 are discussed.
The conversion of the human membrane-associated folate binding protein (folate receptor) to the soluble folate binding protein by a membrane-associated metalloprotease (1991)

The membrane-associated (M-FBP) and soluble (S-FBP) forms of human folate binding proteins (FBP) have been well characterized. Although related in a precursor-product manner, the mechanism of conversion and the basis for differences between M-FBP and S-FBP are not known. The conversion of M-FBP to S-FBP in crude human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (KB) cell preparations is demonstrated based on characteristic gel filtration elution profiles of M-FBP and S-FBP (Ve/V0 = 1.3 and 1.7, respectively) in Triton X-100. M-FBP is stoichiometrically converted to S-FBP in a time- and temperature-dependent reaction by a metalloprotease which is: heat-labile; particulate; contained in human KB cell and placental membranes, and rat kidney homogenates; inhibited by EDTA, 1,10-phenanthroline, and parahydroxymercuribenzoate; requires divalent cations; is maximally active at neutral pH; and is active in the presence or absence of detergent. The purified soluble FBP product appears to be identical to S-FBP. Conversion of purified endogenously [3H]leucine-labeled M-FBP yields a soluble FBP characterized by a 45% decrease in specific activity (moles of 3H/mol folate bound) relative to M-FBP and a non-folate binding fragment which contains 45% of the [3H]leucine from M-FBP, requires detergent and/or urea to remain soluble, and migrates aberrantly on gel filtration in 1% (v/v) Triton X-100 and 8 M urea. Based on changes in the specific activity and the gel filtration elution profiles of purified labeled M-FBP associated with conversion to S-FBP, the endoproteolytic cleavage site is predicted between residues 226 and 229 of the cDNA predicted human FBP amino acid sequence. These results suggest that the cDNA predicted hydrophobic carboxyl terminus (residues 227-257) remains intact on the fully processed, membrane-anchored M-FBP, contains the Triton binding domain, and is involved in the formation of the membrane anchor of M-FBP.
High data rate multiple input multiple output (MIMO) optical wireless communications using white led lighting (2009)

Solid-state lighting is a rapidly growing area of research and applications, due to the reliability and predicted high efficiency of these devices. The white LED sources that are typically used for general illumination can also be used for data transmission, and Visible Light Communications (VLC) is a rapidly growing area of research. One of the key challenges is the limited modulation bandwidth of sources, typically several MHz. However, as a room or coverage space would typically be illuminated by an array of LEDs there is the potential for parallel data transmission, and using optical MIMO techniques is potentially attractive for achieving high data rates. In this paper we investigate non-imaging and imaging MIMO approaches: a non-imaging optical MIMO system does not perform properly at all receiver positions due to symmetry, but an imaging based system can operate under all foreseeable circumstances. Simulations show such systems can operate at several hundred Mbit/s, and up to Gbit/s in many circumstances.
Effects of AT 1 and AT 2 Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists in Angiotensin II-Infused Rats (1998)

Angiotensin II (Ang II) appears to exert its contractile and growth-promoting effects through the AT1 receptor subtype, whereas the AT2 subtype may have growth-inhibitory and proapoptotic properties. Recently, some data have challenged this emerging concept. To clarify the role of AT1 and AT2 receptors, we treated Wistar rats that were infused with Ang II (120 ng/kg/min subcutaneously by osmotic minipump), with the AT1 antagonist losartan (10 mg/kg/d in the drinking water) and the AT2 antagonist PD123319 (30 mg/kg/d subcutaneously by osmotic minipump) for 21 days. At the end of the study, tail-cuff systolic blood pressure was 106+/-2.8 mm Hg in untreated rats and 108+/-2.0 mm Hg in rats infused with Ang II that received losartan, whereas it rose to 158+/-4.9 mm Hg in Ang II-infused rats and 158+/-3.0 mm Hg in rats infused with Ang II rats and PD123319 (the two latter groups P<.01 versus the two other groups). Heart weight, and aorta cross-section/body weight ratio were higher in Ang II-infused rats than in controls and were significantly reduced in Ang II-infused rats that received losartan (P<.05). Wire-myograph-mounted coronary, renal, mesenteric, and femoral small arteries from Ang II-infused rats and Ang II-infused rats receiving PD123319 had a greater media, media cross-section, and media/lumen ratio than vessels from untreated or Ang II-infused rats treated with losartan. These results support the concept that in Wistar normotensive rats infused for 3 weeks with angiotensin II, growth in the heart, aorta, and coronary, renal, mesenteric, and femoral small arteries is mediated by the AT1 receptor; the results show little evidence of a role of AT2 receptors in mediating angiotensin II effects in this experimental paradigm.
Mechanisms of Androgen Induction of Sebocyte Differentiation (1998)

It has been difficult to induce the expected sebocyte differentiation in vitro with dihydrotestosterone (DHT). We reasoned that our culture system lacks differentiating factors, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) were the prime candidates. We tested PPAR activators informative about diverse PPAR subtypes, with and without DHT (10(-6) M): BRL-49653 (10(-6) M, PPAR-gamma), WY-14643 (10(-6) M, PPAR-alpha), and linoleic acid (LIN, 10(-4) M, PPAR-delta). Treatments were added in serum-free medium to cultures of rat preputial sebocytes. Control, DHT, BRL and BRL + DHT treatments caused 11, 25, 66 and 80%, respectively, of preputial cell colonies to differentiate into lipid-forming colonies (LFCs) (p < 0.001). WY induced 20% and LIN over 95% LFC formation. PPAR-gamma mRNA was identified in preputial sebocytes by the RNase protection assay. These data suggest that differentiation of sebocytes is transduced by PPARs and have implications for the development of new treatments for acne.