gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of LC‐QTOF‐MS method for human lung tissue fingerprinting. A preliminary application to nonsmall cell lung cancer (2017)

The major histologic subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) include adenocarcinoma (ADC), squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCC), and large-cell carcinoma (LCC). Clinical trials of targeted agents and newer chemotherapy agents yielded differences in outcomes according to histologic subgroups providing a rationale for histology-based treatment in NSCLC. Currently, NSCLC subtyping is performed based on histopathological examinations and immunohistochemistry. However available methods leave about 10% of NSCLC cases as not otherwise specified. The purpose of this study was development of an LC-QTOF-MS method for human lung tissue metabolic fingerprinting that could discriminate NSCLC histological subtypes and propose biomarkers candidates that could support proper NSCLC diagnosis. Metabolites were extracted with acetonitrile or methanol/ethanol and different chromatographic conditions were tested. In the final method 10 mg of lung tissue was homogenized with 50% methanol and metabolites were extracted with acetonitrile. Metabolites were separated on C8-RP and HILIC columns. About 3500 and 2000 of metabolic features (in both ion modes) were detected with good repeatability (CV < 20%) by RP and HILIC methods, respectively. Lung tumor and control tissue samples obtained from NSCLC patients were analyzed with developed methodology. Acylcarnitines, fatty acids, phospholipids, and amino acids were found more abundant in tumor as compared to control tissue. Acylcarnitines, lysophospholipids, creatinine, creatine, and alanine were identified as potential targets enabling classification of NSCLC subtypes.
Learning Scene Illumination by Pairwise Photos from Rear and Front Mobile Cameras (2018)

Abstract Illumination estimation is an essential problem in computer vision, graphics and augmented reality. In this paper, we propose a learning based method to recover low‐frequency scene illumination represented as spherical harmonic (SH) functions by pairwise photos from rear and front cameras on mobile devices. An end‐to‐end deep convolutional neural network (CNN) structure is designed to process images on symmetric views and predict SH coefficients. We introduce a novel Render Loss to improve the rendering quality of the predicted illumination. A high quality high dynamic range (HDR) panoramic image dataset was developed for training and evaluation. Experiments show that our model produces visually and quantitatively superior results compared to the state‐of‐the‐arts. Moreover, our method is practical for mobile‐based applications.
Characterisation of high pressure quadrupole collision cells possessing direct current axial fields (1999)

An investigation into the performance characteristics of various designs of novel quadrupolar collision cells possessing axial fields has been undertaken. Among the advantages of such devices possessing conical, tilted or segmented rod geometries is their ability to enable the cell to be operated at high pressure without the deleterious effects of long ion transit times. The collisional focusing benefits of operating at such pressures can therefore be maximised, with increased transmission and resolution of fragment ion spectra. The present work compares the relative merits of the three main designs of axial field cells. The ion optics software package SIMION 6.0 has been utilised to simulate the various designs of cell with user-written programs to model each quadrupolar device, including ion-neutral collisional phenomena. The effect on ion transmission of applying a direct current (DC) offset voltage to the conical and tilted rod cells to generate the axial field is shown. Where possible the simulations and theory are compared to experimental data. Crown Copyright © 1999 National Research Council of Canada.
Biosynthesis of the Tunicamycins: A Review (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Functional images of hepatic perfusion obtained with dynamic CT. (1993)

A dynamic computed tomographic (CT) technique for separate quantification of arterial and portal components of liver perfusion with functional imaging was developed and used to study 24 livers. A single-location dynamic sequence was performed after intravenous administration of a 50-mL bolus of contrast medium. The time to maximum splenic enhancement was used to differentiate arterial and portal phases, and the maximal slopes of the liver time-density curve in each phase were used to calculate both arterial and portal perfusion. The arterial/total perfusion ratio was also calculated. The values of these parameters for individual pixels were used to create functional images. Arterial perfusion was increased in patients with metastases and cirrhosis. Portal perfusion was reduced in patients with cirrhosis. Functional images were successfully created in all but one case. The technique enables quantification and functional mapping of several perfusion parameters with a spatial resolution greater than that achieved with other imaging techniques.
MODE: mix driven on-line resource demand estimation (2011)

Adaptive performance management solutions often rely on models that require accurate resource demand measures that are estimated in an on-line manner. However it is typically not possible to directly measure resource demands at the abstraction they are needed, e.g., for a software service within an application server that is invoked by a URL. For such cases, linear regression techniques are often used to estimate resource demands. We evaluate the effectiveness of the Least Squares (LSQ) and Least Absolute Deviations (LAD) regression techniques, used extensively by others, as well as Support Vector Regression (SVR) for the purpose of demand estimation. To the best of our knowledge SVR has not yet been evaluated for computer resource demand estimation. We consider the predictive accuracy of these methods for three different real and simulated workloads. Our results demonstrate the importance of tuning the regression parameters of the techniques. We propose an on-line method named Mix Driven On-line Resource Demand Estimation (MODE) that automatically and quickly tunes the regression parameters for LSQ, LAD, and SVR to achieve their best results. The method is novel in that it relies on pre-defined workload mixes with known aggregate demand values to support the tuning exercise. We show that when employed in an on-line manner, tuning with respect to pre-defined mixes is significantly more accurate than the traditional approach of using only step by step data.
Case Report: Unusual Presentation of Pharyngeal Mucosal Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (2020)

Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) affects predominantly the nose and occurs usually weeks or months after the cure of the primary cutaneous lesion. The pathology of ML is characterized by an exaggerated inflammatory reaction with infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. There is also a paucity of parasites and a strong delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. Herein, we report a case of a young man who had a large ulcer in his left leg and complained of dysphagia. In nasofibrolaryngoscopy, there were nodular lesions in the oropharynx and rhinopharynx. The skin lesion biopsy showed a chronic inflammation with amastigotes inside macrophages, and DNA of <i>Leishmania braziliensis</i> confirmed the diagnosis of ML in tissue biopsied from the pharynx. The leishmaniasis skin test was negative. Cytokine evaluation showed lack of production of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-17 with enhancement of these cytokine levels after cure.
The Effect of Nutritional Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases on Longevity (2009)

Journal Article The Effect of Nutritional Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases on Longevity Get access D. Gonzalez Biosca, M.D., D. Gonzalez Biosca, M.D. Internal Medicine Department, San Carlos University Hospital, 28049, Madrid, Spain. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. Mizushima, M.D., S. Mizushima, M.D. WHO Collaborating Center for Research on Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Pathology, Shimane Medical University, 693 Izumo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Sawamura, Ph.D., M.D., M. Sawamura, Ph.D., M.D. WHO Collaborating Center for Research on Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Pathology, Shimane Medical University, 693 Izumo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Y. Nara, Ph D, Y. Nara, Ph D WHO Collaborating Center for Research on Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Pathology, Shimane Medical University, 693 Izumo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Y. Yamori, Ph.D., M.D. Y. Yamori, Ph.D., M.D. WHO Collaborating Center for Research on Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Pathology, Shimane Medical University, 693 Izumo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nutrition Reviews, Volume 50, Issue 12, December 1992, Pages 407–412, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1992.tb02492.x Published: 01 December 1992
Near-Threshold Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of Mil S-24645 HSLA Steel and Its Weldments (1993)

The near-threshold corrosion fatigue crack propagation behavior of Mil S-24645 HSLA steel, its weld metal and heat-affected zone have been studied in simulated marine environments. Tests were conducted in air and ASTM seawater, at both the free corrosion potential and −1.0V (SCE), using a frequency of 0.2 Hz and a stress ratio, R = 0.1. The results were compared with previous data for Mil S-24645 and ASTM A710 steel tested at frequencies of 10 and 2 Hz. The influence of frequency, microstructure, and cathodic protection on crack closure contributions in the near-threshold regime will be discussed.
Voltage stability and control in autonomous electric power systems with variable frequency (2007)

This work focuses on the safe and stable operation of an autonomous power system interconnecting an AC source with various types of power electronic loads. The stability of these systems is a challenge due to the inherent nonlinearity of the circuits involved. Traditionally, the stability analysis in this type of power systems has been approached by means of small-signal methodology derived from the Nyquist stability criterion. The small-signal analysis combined with physical insight and the adoption of safety margins is sufficient, in many cases, to achieve a stable operation with an acceptable system performance. Nonetheless, in many cases, the margins adopted result in conservative measures and consequent system over designs. 
This work studies the system stability under large-perturbations by means of three different tools, namely parameter space mapping, energy functions, and time domain simulations. The developed parameters space mapping determines the region of the state and parameter space where the system operation is locally stable. In this way stability margins in terms of physical parameters can be established. Moreover, the boundaries of the identified stability region represent bifurcations of the system where typical nonlinear behavior appears. The second approach, based on the Lyapunov direct method, attempts to determine the region of attraction of an equilibrium point, defined by an operation condition. For this a Lyapunov function based on linear matrix inequalities was constructed and tested on a simplified autonomous system model. In Addition, the third approach simulates the system behavior on a computer using a detailed system model. The higher level of model detail allows identifying unstable behavior difficult to observe when simpler models are used. 
Because the stability of the autonomous power system is strongly associated with the characteristics of the energy source, an improved voltage controller for the generator is also presented. The generator of an autonomous power system must provide a good performance under a wide variety of regimes. Under these conditions a model based controller is a good solution because it naturally adapts to the changing requirements. To this extent a controller based on the model of a variable frequency synchronous generator has been developed and tested. The results obtained show a considerable improvement performance when compared to previous practices.
Ranging performance models based on negative-binomial (NB) distribution for photon-counting lidars (2019)

For photon-counting lidars, the current ranging performance models are based on Poisson statistics that are a special case of a negative-binomial (NB) distribution. In this paper, a new ranging performance model that considers the effect of a target's speckle, the noise, and the dead-time of photon-counting detectors is derived from the NB distribution. The derived ranging performance model is verified by both an experiment based on a Geiger mode avalanche photodiode (GM-APD) lidar and a simulation using the recursive method. The ranging performance model is then used to analyze the effect of target speckle for two typical photon-counting ranging systems aimed at different types of target: the space-borne Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) for detecting the Earth's surface, and the ground-based laser ranging system at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (SHAO) station for detecting space debris. The results indicate that for space-borne or airborne lidar, the ranging performance model can be approximated to the classic models based on Poisson statistics, but for a ground-based laser ranging system, the approximation model introduces differences of ~1 cm in ranging bias and 4.8 cm in ranging precision from the theoretical model of the NB distribution. In addition, the new model is universal because it is compatible with the classic model of a Poisson distribution, i.e., when the speckle diversity is greater than 100, the result calculated from the new model is identical to the classic model.
HOSP(R) as a low dielectric material: comparative study against hydrogen silsesquioxane (2003)

Low-k candidate SOG material HOSP(R) is evaluated and compared to HSQ. Particularly, the chemical nature of the film and the effects of various processing steps were investigated using FTIR, TDS, oscilloscope and stress gauge. The water absorption upon various post etch treatments turned out to be a crucial factor affecting the dielectric properties of the film. HOSP(R) proved to be a dielectric with lower k value compared to the HSQ film but was more vulnerable to moisture uptake.
Conformal coating by photoresist of sharp corners of anisotropically etched through-holes in silicon (2002)

The authors describe a photoresist treatment yielding conformal coating of three-dimensional silicon structures. This even includes the sharp corners of through-holes obtained by anisotropic etching in (100)-silicon. Resist reflow from these corners is avoided by replacing the common baking procedure with a proper vacuum treatment. The investigated photoresist is Shipley's Eagle 2100 ED, a negative-working electrodeposited photoresist. Electrical frontside to backside interconnections have been made using this photoresist as an etch mask.
Hydrogen peroxide-independent production of α-alkenes by OleTJE P450 fatty acid decarboxylase (2014)

The discovery of the H2O2-independent activity of OleTJE not only raises a number of fundamental questions on the monooxygenase-like mechanism of this peroxygenase, but also will direct the future metabolic engineering work toward improvement of O2/redox partner(s)/NADPH for overproduction of α-alkenes by OleTJE.
Effects of Intrathecally Administered Nociceptin, and Opioid Receptor-like1Receptor Agonist, and N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antagonistst on the Thermal Hyperalgesia Induced by Partial Sciatic Nerve Injury in the Rat (1997)

Intrathecal injection of nociceptin attenuated the level of thermal hyperalgesia induced by partial sciatic nerve injury, and NMDA receptor-dependent spinal facilitation does not play an important role in maintaining thermal hyperalgesia in rats with partial sciatic nerve injury.
iDNS: Enabling information centric networking through The DNS (2014)

Information centric networking (ICN) architectures represent a conceptual shift from naming end-hosts in the Internet to naming content directly, and require either significant changes to the existing IP infrastructure or replacing it entirely. We present iDNS (information-centric DNS), an evolutionary path towards deploying ICN at Internet scale based on modifications to the DNS that leave the current routing infrastructure unmodified. We build and evaluate an iDNS prototype, and use it to show that iDNS achieves the benefits associated with ICN (i.e. location-independent naming, nearest-replica-routing) in a manner that both leverages current infrastructure, including content delivery protocols and caches, and supports future evolution towards other network-layer ICN architectures.
Graphene-Based Ammonia Sensors Functionalised with Sub-Monolayer V2O5: A Comparative Study of Chemical Vapour Deposited and Epitaxial Graphene † (2019)

Graphene in its pristine form has demonstrated a gas detection ability in an inert carrier gas. For practical use in ambient atmosphere, its sensor properties should be enhanced with functionalisation by defects and dopants, or by decoration with nanophases of metals or/and metal oxides. Excellent sensor behaviour was found for two types of single layer graphenes: grown by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and transferred onto oxidized silicon (Si/SiO₂/CVDG), and the epitaxial graphene grown on SiC (SiC/EG). Both graphene samples were functionalised using a pulsed laser deposited (PLD) thin V₂O₅ layer of average thickness ≈ 0.6 nm. According to the Raman spectra, the SiC/EG has a remarkable resistance against structural damage under the laser deposition conditions. By contrast, the PLD process readily induces defects in CVD graphene. Both sensors showed remarkable and selective sensing of NH₃ gas in terms of response amplitude and speed, as well as recovery rate. SiC/EG showed a response that was an order of magnitude larger as compared to similarly functionalised CVDG sensor (295% vs. 31% for 100 ppm NH₃). The adsorption site properties are assigned to deposited V₂O₅ nanophase, being similar for both sensors, rather than (defect) graphene itself. The substantially larger response of SiC/EG sensor is probably the result of the smaller initial free charge carrier doping in EG.
Nitrogen mineralization from digestate in comparison to sewage sludge, compost and urea in a laboratory incubated soil experiment (2017)

Abstract This paper evaluated, in a laboratory incubated soil, the properties of digestate as a nitrogen fertilizer in comparison with sewage sludge, compost and urea, this last as a typical mineral fertilizer. The incubation period lasted for 90 d and during this time, pH, CO 2 and evolution were measured. The maximum concentration of nitrate was reached in the incubated microcosm fertilized by urea (133 mg kg −1 after 62 d), and that of digestate was very similar (113 mg kg −1 ). Soil treated with compost showed a slower nitrate evolution. A significantly negative correlation was detected between cumulative nitrogen nitrified at the end of the trial, and the values of the C:N ratio of the biomasses used (compost, sludge and digestate) (mg kg −1 vs . C:N, r = –0.94, n = 3, p &lt; 0.05), and between the alkyl‐C content at the end of the experiment (mg kg −1 vs . alkyl‐C, r = –0.95, n = 3, p &lt; 0.05). As expected, pH decreases and soil respiration (CO 2 evolution) were also well correlated with the content of nitrate. Considering that about 90% of the nitrogen content in the digestate is short acting, the results obtained indicate that the nitrogen rate of mineralization in digestate is very similar to that of urea, confirming that digestate could replace traditional mineral fertilizers.
Replication Proteins and Human Disease (2013)

In this article, we discuss the significance of DNA replication proteins in human disease. There is a broad range of mutations in genes encoding replication proteins, which result in several distinct clinical disorders that share common themes. One group of replication proteins, the MCMs, has emerged as effective biomarkers for early detection of a range of common cancers. They offer practical and theoretical advantages over other replication proteins and have been developed for widespread clinical use.
Thiol-Reactive Derivatives of the Solvatochromic 4-N,N-Dimethylamino-1,8-naphthalimide Fluorophore: A Highly Sensitive Toolset for the Detection of Biomolecular Interactions (2009)

The solvatochromic fluorophore 4-N,N-dimethylamino-1,8-naphthalimide (4-DMN) possesses extremely sensitive emission properties due largely to the low intrinsic fluorescence it exhibits in polar protic solvents such as water. This makes it well suited as a probe for the detection of a wide range of biomolecular interactions. Herein we report the development and evaluation of a new series of thiol-reactive agents derived from this fluorophore. The members of this series vary according to linker type and the electrophilic group required for the labeling of proteins and other biologically relevant molecules. Using the calcium-binding protein calmodulin as a model system, we compare the performance of the 4-DMN derivatives to that of several commercially available solvatochromic fluorophores identifying many key factors important to the successful application of such tools. This study also demonstrates the power of this new series of labeling agents by yielding a fluorescent calmodulin construct capable of producing a greater than 100-fold increase in emission intensity upon binding to calcium.
Molecular and immunological characterization of Can f 4: a dog dander allergen cross‐reactive with a 23 kDa odorant‐binding protein in cow dander (2010)

Recombinant Can f 4 brings the panel of available dog allergens closer to completion and will be important in component-resolved diagnostics in allergy to animal epithelial allergens.