gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of Nanoscale Surface Heterogeneity on Precursor Film Growth and Macroscopic Spreading of [Rmim][NTf2] Ionic Liquids on Mica (2013)

The connection between the interfacial properties of ionic liquids and their wetting behavior has been studied very little to date and not at all on heterogeneous surfaces. Therefore, we have investigated the static and dynamic wetting for a family of ionic liquids, 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, [Rmim][NTf2], on mica, where R represents an ethyl, butyl, or hexyl alkyl chain on the imidazolium ring. Spreading is impacted greatly by a precursor film that forms on both homogeneous and heterogeneous mica surfaces. Macroscopically, the initial viscous spreading of the ionic liquid droplet on bare mica occurs within seconds but is then followed by a very slow relaxation that can be closely correlated with the typical time-scales of the precursor film growth. The contact angle for [emim][NTf2] and [bmim][NTf2] relaxes from about 40° to 23° over 30 and 90 min, respectively. For [hmim][NTf2], the process takes approximately 24 h and approaches complete wetting. The thickness of the precursor films for [emim][NTf2], [bmim][NTf2], and [hmim][NTf2] were 0.53, 0.65, and 1.0 nm, respectively, according to atomic force microscopy (AFM). These values are consistent with a monolayer of ionic liquid cations on mica, rather than ion pairs. A monolayer of octadecylphosphonic acid (OPA) on mica prevents both the formation of a precursor film and the relaxation of the contact angle. However, only a partial surface coverage of ~60% OPA is required to have the same effect. Quenching of precursor film formation (and associated contact angle relaxation) is due to an increasingly connected network of OPA regions that closes the nanoscale paths of bare mica on which the precursor film can develop via surface diffusion.
Conditioning and Future Plans for a Multi-purpose 805 MHz Pillbox Cavity for Muon Acceleration (2013)

An 805 MHz RF pillbox cavity has been designed and constructed to investigate potential muon beam acceleration and cooling techniques for a Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory. The cavity can operate in vacuum or under pressure to 100 atmospheres, at room temperature or in a liquid nitrogen bath at 77 K. The cavity has been designed for easy assembly and disassembly with bolted construction using aluminum seals. To perform vacuum and high pressure breakdown studies of materials and geometries most suitable for the collider or factory, the surfaces of the end walls of the cavity can be replaced with different materials such as copper, aluminum, beryllium, or molybdenum, and with different geometries such as shaped windows or grid structures. The cavity has been designed to fit inside the 5-Tesla solenoid in the MuCool Test Area at Fermilab. In this paper we present the vacuum conditioning results and discuss plans for testing in a 5-Tesla magnetic field. Additionally, we discuss the testing plan for beryllium (a material research has shown to be ideal for the collider or factory) end walls.
Atomic-level control of the thermoelectric properties in polytypoid nanowires (2011)

Thermoelectric materials have generated interest as a means of increasing the efficiency of power generation through the scavenging of waste heat. Materials containing nanometer-sized structural and compositional features can exhibit enhanced thermoelectric performance due to the decoupling of certain electrical and thermal properties, but the extent to which these features can be controlled is often limited. Here we report a simple synthesis of M2O3(ZnO)n (M = In, Ga, Fe) nanowires with controllable polytypoid structures, where the nanostructured features are tuned by adjusting the amount of metal precursor. After the introduction of nanometer-scale features (individual atomic layers and alloying), thermal and electrical measurements on single In2-xGaxO3(ZnO)n nanowires reveal a simultaneous improvement in all contributing factors to the thermoelectric figure of merit, indicating successful modification of the nanowire transport properties.
Inverse Functions of the Products of Two Bessel Functions (1969)

Special cases of the inverse function of the product of two spherical Bessel functions have been found recently by other writers as 1F2 hypergeometric functions. We give the general expression as the derivative of a product of spherical Bessel functions. These results have also been found in the classical literature.
[Carcinoma of the convergence of the hepatic ducts. A case treated with extended hepatic resection]. (1979)

The case of a patient with carcinoma of the convergence of the hepatic ducts successfully treated with more extensive hepatic resection is reported. Stress is laid on the problems of exact preoperative diagnosis and of treatment. Most operations are in fact purely palliative and the literature contains very few cases of hepatic resection for neoplasia of the convergence.
Nanotopography reveals metabolites that maintain the immunosuppressive phenotype of mesenchymal stem cells (2019)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that are immunosuppressive and thus of considerable therapeutic potential in transplant operations. However, MSCs rapidly differentiate once in culture, making their large-scale expansion for use in immunosuppressive therapies challenging. Although the differentiation mechanisms of MSCs have been extensively investigated using materials, little is known about how materials can modulate paracrine activities of MSCs. Here, we show for the first time that nanotopography can control the immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs through decreased intracellular tension increasing oxidative glycolysis. We also use the nanotopography to identify bioactive metabolites that modulate intracellular tension, growth and immunomodulatory phenotype of MSCs in standard culture. Our findings show a novel route to support large-scale expansion of functional MSCs for therapeutic purposes
Effects of probiotics on the gastrointestinal tract (2005)

Considering the clinical trial evidence of therapeutic benefit, probiotics are an underused treatment modality for prevention and amelioration of diarrhoeal illness. Better understanding of strain-specific effects, dosing regimens and any contraindications should help resolve this.
Research for a multi-modal mobility and manipulation propulsion core (2015)

There are many challenges for robotics, many of which may be placed in the context of robots acting as a teammate to Soldiers. In general one may see a robotic teammate as an unmanned system that complements a Soldier’s capability, may perform some of the duties of a Soldier, or may actually protect the Soldier. There is much research that needs to be performed before robots are physically capable of performing as teammates to Soldiers in dynamic environments where speed matters, and in complex 3-D environments where navigation for today’s robots is difficult. This research addresses a fundamental obstacle to addressing this issue, which is how to safely and cost effectively develop theory and controls for a new generation of robots that may operate at operations tempo (OPTEMPO) in dynamic complex 3-D environments. This paper documents design and fabrication of a research platform capable of demonstrating theory and control algorithms developed for highly dynamic robotics systems, which may need to navigate and perform a task in complex 3-D environments. The research platform has been designed to address challenging basic research in the areas of airborne manipulation, transition to and interaction with vertical surfaces, exploration of a constrained space such as urban environments (street level to rooftop), forests, and underground facilities. The platform will allow controls development and validation for a vehicle that’s weight is at least partially supported by a propulsion system to perform work on the environment and/or an object within the environment.
Phospholipids chiral at phosphorus. 5. Synthesis and configurational analysis of chiral [17O,18O]phosphatidylethanolamine (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhospholipids chiral at phosphorus. 5. Synthesis and configurational analysis of chiral [17O,18O]phosphatidylethanolamineKarol Bruzik and Ming Daw TsaiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 3, 747–754Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00315a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00315a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views197Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The emerging role of miR‐375 in cancer (2013)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved, small noncoding RNAs that are believed to play fundamental roles in various biological processes through regulation of gene expression at the level of posttranscription. MiR-375 was first identified as a pancreatic islet-specific miRNA regulating insulin secretion. However, further study revealed that miR-375 is a multifunctional miRNA participating in pancreatic islet development, glucose homeostasis, mucosal immunity, lung surfactant secretion and more importantly, tumorigenesis. Recently, miR-375 has been found significantly downregulated in multiple types of cancer, and suppresses core hallmarks of cancer by targeting several important oncogenes like AEG-1, YAP1, IGF1R and PDK1. The alteration of miR-375 in cancer is caused by a variety of mechanisms, including the dysregulation of transcription factors, aberrant promoter methylation and so on. Reduced expression of miR-375 in tissue or circulation may indicate the presence of neoplasia as well as a poor prognosis of many malignant cancers. Moreover, miR-375 stands for a promising direction for developing targeted therapies due to its capacity to inhibit tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Here, we summarize the present understanding of the tumor suppressive role of miR-375 in cancer progression; the mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of miR-375; the potential use of miR-375 in prognosis and diagnosis and the therapeutic prospects of miR-375 in cancer.
A closed form solution of junction to substrate thermal resistance in semiconductor chips (1996)

The model presented in this work is based on an extension of the constant angle heat spreading, taking into account chip and substrate dimensions, and changing the spreading angle accordingly. This yields to closed form expressions accurate enough for most practical applications. Circular, square, and rectangular geometries have been analyzed and the results compared with Bessel and Fourier series-like solutions.
Observations of ammonia in selected galactic regions (1977)

Ammonia emission has been studied from 21 galactic regions associated with interstellar molecules. Optical depths, kinetic temperatures, and a measure of the ammonia dumpiness have been determined. Subject headings: interstellar: abundances - interstellar: molecules - molecular processes
Data-Efficient Quickest Outlying Sequence Detection in Sensor Networks (2014)

A sensor network is considered where at each sensor a sequence of random variables is observed. At each time step, a processed version of the observations is transmitted from the sensors to a common node called the fusion center. At some unknown point in time the distribution of observations at an unknown subset of the sensor nodes changes. The objective is to detect the outlying sequences as quickly as possible, subject to constraints on the false alarm rate, the cost of observations taken at each sensor, and the cost of communication between the sensors and the fusion center. Minimax formulations are proposed for the above problem and algorithms are proposed that are shown to be asymptotically optimal for the proposed formulations, as the false alarm rate goes to zero. It is also shown, via numerical studies, that the proposed algorithms perform significantly better than those based on fractional sampling, in which the classical algorithms from the literature are used and the constraint on the cost of observations is met by using the outcome of a sequence of biased coin tosses, independent of the observation process.
Effecten van luchtvochtigheid, temperatuur en CO2 op de fotosynthese van Cymbidium (2004)

Het onderzoeksbedrijf Plant Dynamics heeft bij Cymbidium in maart, mei en in juli 2003 fotosynthesemetingen uitgevoerd bij de mid-bloeiende cultivars Rijsenhout en Freeke. Met de apparatuur was het mogelijk om de effecten van licht, CO2, temperatuur en r.v. op de fotosynthese te bestuderen. Het bleek dat de hoogste fotosynthese bij het 2e of 3e blad van een nieuwe scheut gevonden werd. Vergeleken met andere gewassen is de fotosynthese wel laag, voornamelijk door de grote weerstand van de huidmondjes. De fotosynthese nam in de ochtend snel toe, maar nam af in de middag a.g.v. het sluiten van de huidmondjes. Het tijdstip van de afname ging gepaard met een verhoging van de bladtemperatuur; boven de ca. 280C gebeurde dit al tussen 12 en 14 uur. Bij verlaging van de bladtemperatuur steeg de fotosynthese weer. De optimum bladtemperatuur voor de fotosynthese lag tussen de 24 en 260C. CO2 had een groot effect op de fotosynthese: de verhoging was 33 tot 100% (afhankelijk van het lichtniveau) bij een verhoging van CO2 van 400 =&gt; 800 ppm. Hoge concentraties in de vroege morgen remden echter de fotosynthese. Naar aanleiding van deze constatering werd later een uitvoerig experiment verricht in klimaatkamers (zie verderop). Hoewel een verlaging van de r.v. in het meetcuvet een relatief gering effect op de fotosynthese had, valt een lage r.v. bij hoge kas- en bladtemperaturen niet geheel uit te sluiten als oorzaak voor de huidmondjessluiting. Om meer duidelijkheid te krijgen over het belang van RV dan wel temperatuur werden aanvullende experimenten verricht in klimaatkamers. Bij temperaturen van 30 0C en 23 0C en verschillende RV’s werd de fotosynthese gedurende meerdere dagen geregistreerd. De resultaten bevestigen de conclusie uit de kasproef dat de verlaging van de fotosynthese voornamelijk wordt veroorzaakt door hoge temperatuur. Het herstel na een periode van hoge temperatuur lijkt bevorderd te worden door een hoge RV. Hoewel het belang van een hoge RV dus minder is dan dat van temperatuurmatiging werd bij 30%-40% RV wel een verlaging van de fotosynthese geconstateerd (ongeveer 25%). Deze verlaging was echter snel opgeheven als de RV verhoogd werd. In de klimaatkamers werden tevens experimenten verricht met verschillende CO2 concentratie. Cymbidium reageert zeer positief op een CO2 verhoging tot ongeveer 800-1000 ppm. De vraag was of een hoge CO2 concentratie in de ochtend de huidmondjesopening zou verhinderen. Uit experimenten in de kas waren daarvoor aanwijzingen gevonden. Detail studies in de klimaatkamer konden dit niet bevestigen en een hoge CO2 concentratie in de ochtend was geen belemmering. Mogelijk heeft een lage temperatuur in de ochtend de remming in de kasproef veroorzaakt. De resultaten zijn overeenkomstig maar ook een uitbreiding op eerder verkregen resultaten bij Cymbidium. Aanwijzingen voor optimale teeltomstandigheden worden gegeven.
Comparison of Bowel Preparation Depending on Completion Time of Polyethylene Glycol Ingestion and Start Time of Colonoscopy (2010)

Background/Aims: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution is the most widely used bowel preparation agent for colonoscopy because of its safety and efficacy in colon cleansing. It has been hypothesized that the timing of colon preparation may influence the quality of colon cleansing, and therefore affect the diagnostic yield of colonoscopy. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal interval of time between complete ingestion of PEG and performing colonoscopy. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 1,355 patients who had undergone a PEG-based bowel preparation on the day of colonoscopy in 11 tertiary hospitals in Korea between March 2008 and February 2009. All colonoscopies were performed in the afternoon. The start time of PEG ingestion, completion time of PEG ingestion, dose of PEG ingested, start time of colonoscopy, and the quality of bowel cleansing were recorded. Results: There was no difference of cleansing quality of bowel preparation between three groups of less than 7 hours of elapsed time (2 and <3 hours, 3 and <5 hours, 5 and <7 hours). However, group of more than 7 hours of elapsed time presented poor cleansing quality than others (P<0.01). Conclusions: If >7 hours elapses after ingestion of PEG, the quality of bowel preparation is poor. Therefore, depending on the time colonoscopy is scheduled, the start time of PEG ingestion may need to be adjusted. (
Integration of Thermal Treatment and Catalytic Transformation for Upgrading Biomass Pyrolysis Oil (2007)

The upgrading of bio-oil by catalytic transformation upon acidic catalysts is aimed at adapting its composition to that of conventional fuel, or at obtaining petrochemical raw materials, such as olefins and aromatics. A further alternative of growing interest for bio-oil upgrading is catalytic reforming for obtaining H2. The viability of any of these alternatives requires minimizing both the plugging problems that arise in the reactor when the bio-oil is fed and the rapid deactivation of the catalyst, which are associated with the thermal degradation of the lignocellulosic components. In this paper, the catalytic transformation of bio-oil (obtained by fast pyrolysis of vegetable biomass) in a fluidized bed reactor upon a Ni-HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst has been studied, and special attention has been paid to the design of the feed preheating zone. Operation in a single-unit (U-shaped steel tube) for the thermal treatment of the bio-oil (in the downward zone of the U-tube) and its catalytic transformation (in a fluidized bed located in the upward zone of the U-tube) has been compared with operation in a two-unit system, where both steps are carried out in separate units connected through a thermostated line (U-shaped tube for thermal treatment, followed by a fluidized bed reactor for catalytic transformation). It has been proven that a separate step of thermal treatment prior to the catalytic transformation notably improves the global process of bio-oil upgrading. Firstly, it contributes to minimizing coke deposition on the acidic catalyst, mainly the deposition of "thermal" coke (which is associated with the thermal degradation of the bio-oil components at high temperatures), leading to an important attenuation of catalyst deactivation. Secondly, the bio-oil components degraded in the thermal treatment can subsequently be subjected to another upgrading treatment (by steam activation or pyrolysis) in order to obtain a high quality char, which involves upgrading the entire bio-oil.
A High Compliance Input and Output Regulated Body-Driven Current Mirror for Deep-Submicron CMOS (2006)

A current mirror circuit that uses body-driven MOSFETs to achieve an ultra-low input and output voltage is presented. High-gain amplifiers, suitable for a deep submicron process, are used to provide matching as well as input and output regulation. Simulation results were verified with measurements performed on a fabricated chip using the 90-nm CMOS process from ST-Microelectronics.
CLUBS: An RGB-D dataset with cluttered box scenes containing household objects (2019)

With the progress of machine learning, the demand for realistic data with high-quality annotations has been thriving. In order to generalize well, considerable amounts of data are required, especially realistic ground-truth data, for tasks such as object detection and scene segmentation. Such data can be difficult, time-consuming, and expensive to collect. This article presents a dataset of household objects and box scenes commonly found in warehouse environments. The dataset was obtained using a robotic setup with four different cameras. It contains reconstructed objects and scenes, as well as raw RGB and depth images, camera poses, pixel-wise labels of objects directly in the RGB images, and 3D bounding boxes with poses in the world frame. Furthermore, raw calibration data are provided, together with the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters for all the sensors. By providing object labels as pixel-wise masks, 3D, and 2D object bounding boxes, this dataset is useful for both object recognition and instance segmentation. The realistic scenes provided will serve for learning-based algorithms applied to scenarios where boxes of objects are often found, such as in the logistics sector. Both the dataset and the tools for data processing are published and available online.
Fault location method based on zero sequence admittance measurement in non-effectively earthed system (2012)

A new fault location method based on zero sequence admittance measurement is presented in order to solve the fault location problem of single phase-to-earth fault in non-solidly earthed distribution network. The zero sequence admittance is calculated using measured zero sequence current and zero sequence voltage at sectionalized switch. The fault direction is determined by master station according to the angle of measured admittance, and then the faulty section is located by analyzing the fault direction results of different sectionalized switches. This method can be implemented in distribution automation (DA) system using the feeder terminal unit (FTU) as field measurement equipment, without requiring of additional equipment. The feasibility and accuracy of this proposed method is proved by the ATP simulation results.