gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phytochelatins: The Principal Heavy-Metal Complexing Peptides of Higher Plants (1985)

A set of novel heavy-metal complexing peptides was isolated from plant cell suspension cultures; the structure of the peptides was established as (gamma-glutamic acid-cysteine)n-glycine (n = 3 to 7). These peptides appear upon induction of plant cells with heavy metals and represent the principal metal-binding activities in the cells. The name phytochelatin is proposed for this new class of natural products.
Systematic Review: Safety and Diagnostic Impact of Double-Balloon Enteroscopy in Crohnʼs Disease: Presidential Poster (2015)

Introduction: Double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) allows for direct visualization and sampling of the small bowel and therefore may be of significant value when treating to a target of mucosal healing in Crohn's disease (CD). The diagnostic performance, therapeutic utility, and safety of this endoscopic technique in CD remain to be established. Methods: Systematic review (PROSPERO #CRD42015016381) of studies reporting on CD patients undergoing DBE. Fifty-six studies reporting on 1,252 patients undergoing 1,494 DBEs were included. Our primary outcome of interest was the overall and comparative risk for procedure related perforation with DBE in CD. Results: The per procedure perforation rate when utilizing DBE in CD (4.69 per 1,000 procedures) was higher than that seen when utilizing balloon assisted enteroscopy (single or double balloon) for all indications (1.1 per 1,000 procedures; IRR 3.76, 95% CI 1.40 - 8.67, p=0.006) or when utilizing DBE specifically for indications other than CD (2.2 per 1,000 procedures, IRR 1.87, 95% CI 0.67 - 4.61, p = 0.171). After excluding patients who underwent stricture dilation, the rate of perforation with DBE in CD (2.18 per 1,000 procedures) was more similar to that seen when utilizing balloon assisted enteroscopy for all indications (IRR 1.82, 95% CI 0.36 - 5.83, p = 0.167) or when utilizing DBE for indications other than CD (IRR 0.91, 95% CI 0.17 - 3.06, p = 0.932). Stricture dilation was attempted in 119 patients, and during a median follow-up of 17 months (range 10 - 70) 90 (76%) patients avoided surgery. All of the perforations occurred in patients with strictures or at the site of a prior surgical anastomosis, with the majority occurring during stricture dilation. When DBE was used to assess for small bowel mucosal healing, changes in medical therapy resulted in endoscopic improvement or complete mucosal healing in 59% (n=33/56) of patients. Conclusion: DBE is a useful therapeutic tool in CD and in selected patients, it has potential to help guide medical therapy based on mucosal healing. The rate of perforation with DBE in CD is higher than that seen when utilizing balloon-assisted enteroscopy for other indications, and the majority of this risk is seen in patients undergoing stricture dilation. In the appropriate patient population, DBE is safe and effective. Further studies are needed to identify additional patient and stricture characteristics at highest risk for procedure related complications.Table 1: Cases with procedure-related perforationFigure 1Figure 2Figure 3
The design and performance characteristics of a multileaf collimator (1994)

A multileaf collimator, which has been in routine clinical use for both conventional and conformal radiotherapy for over four years, is described in detail. The collimator replaces the conventional treatment head of a Philips SL series linear accelerator and comprises 80 tungsten leaves and two orthogonal pairs of back-up collimators. Each leaf projects a width of 1 cm in the isocentric plane, allowing shaped photon treatment beams of up to 40 cm square. The performance of the prototype and first production model have been thoroughly tested against the design specifications and the requirements of IEC standards. Radiation attenuation by the collimator components has been measured and substantially exceeds those requirements. The irregular portion of a field (shielded by the leaves only) receives, on average, a dose of less than 2% of the tumour dose. The effect on the penumbra of using leaves which translate linearly and have curved faces has been assessed and found not to degrade the sharpness of the beam fall-off significantly. The reproducibility of the video system used in positioning the leaves has been measured and gave a root mean square deviation of less than 0.3 mm in repeat setting of a 10 cm square field, and an accuracy always within 1 mm. The rationale for clinical use of the device is discussed and its effect on treatment quality control and reliability, is considered.
Transient electron transport in wurtzite GaN, InN, and AlN (1999)

Transient electron transport and velocity overshoot in wurtzite GaN, InN, and AlN are examined and compared with that which occurs in GaAs. For all materials, we find that electron velocity overshoot only occurs when the electric field is increased to a value above a certain critical field, unique to each material. This critical field is strongly dependent on the material, about 4 kV/cm for the case of GaAs but much higher for the III–nitride semiconductors: 140 kV/cm for GaN, 65 kV/cm for InN, and 450 kV/cm for AlN. We find that InN exhibits the highest peak overshoot velocity and that this velocity overshoot lasts over the longest distances when compared with GaN and AlN. Finally, using a one-dimensional energy–momentum balance approach, a simple model is used to estimate the cutoff frequency performance of nitride based heterojunction field effect transistors (HFETs) and a comparison is made to recently fabricated AlGaN/GaN HFETs.
Operating system support for NVM+DRAM hybrid main memory (2009)

Technology trends may soon favor building main memory as a hybrid between DRAM and non-volatile memory, such as flash or PC-RAM. We describe how the operating system might manage such hybrid memories, using semantic information not available in other layers. We describe preliminary experiments suggesting that this approach is viable. 1
Alternative orbits for commercial communication networks (1992)

The limited number of positions available in the geostationary arc make it necessary to identify alternative satellite constellations for communication systems. Highly Inclined Elliptical Orbits (HIEO) represent an opportunity to increase the number of satellites in service without contributing to the crowding problems experienced in the geostationary arc. This crowding is a particular problem in the areas servicing North America and Europe. A specific application capable of exploiting these little used orbits is Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) networks. However, these new orbits require that certain technical issues be studied, such as: antenna tracking requirements, Doppler shift due to relative satellite motion, satellite change-over issues and varying free space loss. The advantages to the highly inclined satellite orbits are: more favorable look angles at high latitudes, low interference to and from geostationary satellites, and coverage areas that closely match areas of high population concentrations in the high latitudes. The author proposes a list of parameters for characterizing HIEO communication networks and the methodology for quantifying these parameters. An example VSAT network serving CONUS, Canada, and Europe with Tundra and Molniya HIEOs is analyzed and the performance is discussed. The conclusion drawn is that highly inclined elliptical orbit alternatives, suitable for VSAT data networks, do exist. Results of analysis on a CONUS, Canada, and Europe HIEO VSAT network are included. Section 1.0 Introduction
Self-Reports of Anxiety Level and EEG Changes after a Single Dose of Benzodiazepines (1984)

A new formulation of oxazepam especially designed to increase the speed of absorption and eliminate the need to use water (freeze-dried dosage formulation; FDDF) was compared in double-blind and crossover conditions with the standard tablets of the same compound. 5 inpatients with generalized anxiety disorder received at 1-week intervals a single 30 mg dose of one of the compounds. Every 8 min for 96 min after drug intake, they completed a battery of visual analogue scales and had an EEG recording with computerized spectral analysis. Results showed a significantly more rapid onset of activity of FDDF oxazepam for both the self-reports of anxiety level (p less than 0.005) and the specific beta 2 EEG changes (p less than 0.0001), which were significantly correlated (r = -0.73; p less than 0.01). Moreover, all patients rated FDDF oxazepam as having faster onset of action in clinical change than regular tablets (p less than 0.05). This study shows the value of visual analogue scales, pharmaco-EEG, and crossover design in well-selected anxious inpatients in substantiating clinical differences between anxiolytic pharmacotherapies.
Optical Properties of Christiansen Filter Systems (1960)

This thesis examines the optical properties of Christiansen filter systems.
Genetic relationships among actinomycetes that produce the immunosuppressant macrolides FK506, FK520/FK523 and rapamycin (1993)

A polyphasic taxonomic study was undertaken to establish the genetic and phenotypic relationships among six actinomycetes that produce the immunosuppressant macrolides FK506, FK520/FK523 and rapamycin. Chemotaxonomic studies reveal that all have Type I cell walls. Gas chromatography (GC) of fatty acid methyl esters revealed patterns consistent for strains of Streptomyces with 16:0 and 15:0 anteiso predominating. Principal component analysis of GC data revealed distinct profiles for each culture. Reciprocal DNA homology studies at Tm-25 showed the rapamycin-producing strain and one FK506-producing strain to have 38-50% homology with the type strain of Streptomyces hygroscopicus (ATCC 27438). The remaining strains exhibited 6-17% homology. To further explore the relationships among these strains all were probed for the presence of an O-methyltransferase gene specific to this biosynthetic pathway. Among the strains of interest, only Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. yakushimaensis, the patent strain for FK520/FK523, failed to hybridize with the probes.
Supplementary Table S1 from A Phase IB Trial of the PI3K Inhibitor Alpelisib and Weekly Cisplatin in Patients with Solid Tumor Malignancies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;A) Rationale for study drug dose interruption or reduction; B) Rationale for cisplatin dose interruption or reduction; C) Cisplatin dose intensity, stratified by dose level&lt;/p&gt;
Eradication of Intracellular Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium with a Small-Molecule, Host Cell-Directed Agent (2009)

Eradication of intracellular pathogenic bacteria with host-directed chemical agents has been an anticipated innovation in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We previously synthesized and characterized a novel small-molecule agent, AR-12, that induces autophagy and inhibits the Akt kinase in cancer cells. As both autophagy and the Akt kinase have been shown recently to play roles in the intracellular survival of several intracellular bacteria, including Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, we investigated the effect of AR-12 on the intracellular survival of Salmonella serovar Typhimurium in macrophages. Our results show that AR-12 induces autophagy in macrophages, as indicated by increased autophagosome formation, and potently inhibits the survival of serovar Typhimurium in macrophages in association with increased colocalization of intracellular bacteria with autophagosomes. Intracellular bacterial growth was partially rescued in the presence of AR-12 by the short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of Beclin-1 or Atg7 in macrophages. Moreover, AR-12 inhibits Akt kinase activity in infected macrophages, which we show to be important for its antibacterial effect as the enforced expression of constitutively activated Akt1 in these cells reverses the AR-12-induced inhibition of intracellular serovar Typhimurium survival. Finally, oral administration of AR-12 at 2.5 mg/kg/day to serovar Typhimurium-infected mice reduced hepatic and splenic bacterial burdens and significantly prolonged survival. These findings show that AR-12 represents a proof of principle that the survival of intracellular bacteria can be suppressed by small-molecule agents that target both innate immunity and host cell factors modulated by bacteria.
A prototype system for retrieval of gene functional information. (2003)

Microarrays allow researchers to gather data about the expression patterns of thousands of genes simultaneously. Statistical analysis can reveal which genes show statistically significant results. Making biological sense of those results requires the retrieval of functional information about the genes thus identified, typically a manual gene-by-gene retrieval of information from various on-line databases. For experiments generating thousands of genes of interest, retrieval of functional information can become a significant bottleneck. To address this issue, we are currently developing a prototype system to automate the process of retrieval of functional information from multiple on-line sources.
Application of N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides in solid-phase peptide synthesis (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplication of N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides in solid-phase peptide synthesisChu Biao Xue and Fred NaiderCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 2, 350–355Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00054a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00054a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views483Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Low profile frequency agile MIMO slot antenna with TCM characterization (2017)

In this paper, a frequency reconfigurable multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) slot antenna is presented. The proposed design is low profile and compact with wide tunability range, covering several well-known frequency bands from 1800 MHz to 2450 MHz. The frequency reconfigurability is achieved by loading the annular slot with varactor diodes. The antenna system is also analyzed for MIMO performance metrics. Moreover, the effect of circular slot antenna on the chassis modes is also investigated using the theory of characteristic modes (TCM). The physical principle behind frequency reconfigurability is also investigated using TCM analysis. An interesting finding is observed using varactor diodes for frequency reconfigurability, that is the reactive impedance loading does not alter the modal significance (MS) plots but only aid in the input impedance matching at different frequency bands.
<title>Application Of An N-Dimensional Algebra To Processing "Battlefield Obscuration" Stereo-Pair Video Data</title> (1983)

An n-dimensional Algebra computer code, NDIMEN, based on the Generalized Balanced Tern-ary (GBT) system is applied to the processing of &quot;Battlefield Obscuration&quot;--Dust, Smoke, Artillery Bursts. The obscurant data is obtained from the Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory&apos;s Multispectral Image Data Acquisition System (MIDAS), which video records multi-wavelength time-sequenced images of the obscurant cloud from a stereo-pair or more MIDAS camera stations. Examples of the GBT algebra and its application to 3-D objects plus the potential for modeling combat clouds will be given.
A Long-term Randomized, Cross-over Comparison of Auto-titrating and Standard Nasal Continuous Airway Pressure (2000)

This study is a 12-week randomized, cross-over, single-blind comparison of the tolerance, compliance, and symptomatic improvement obtained with standard nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs. an auto-titrating, self-adjusting device (APAP). Sixty newly diagnosed patients, 53 with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and seven with upper airway resistance syndrome were studied. Thirty-nine patients (65%) completed the 24-week protocol. Data were complete in 33. In these 33 patients CPAP and APAP reduced the Epworth Sleepiness score from 15+/-1 (+/-SEM) to 8+/-1 and 9+/-1 respectively (both <0.0001 from baseline but NS between modes). The APAP average pressure was lower than the CPAP pressure, 6.4+/-0.4 and 10.6+/-0.4 cm H20, respectively. The average daily machine use was greater with APAP, 6.0+/-0.3 hrs. versus 5.5+/-0.3 hrs. with CPAP (P < 0.04). The number of days of machine use, and the pattern of use were not different between CPAP and APAP. A higher proportion of patients who did not complete the study was randomized to CPAP for their initial treatment period. This study showed that: 1) CPAP and APAP produced an equivalent improvement in daytime sleepiness, 2) APAP pressure was lower than CPAP pressure, 3) patients wore the APAP device longer during nights they used the pressure support system, and 4) patients who began the study with APAP were more prone to continue treatment. We conclude that APAP was better tolerated and used a greater number of hours than CPAP, but the extent of improvement in excessive daytime sleepiness was similar between the two modes of therapy.
Cation regulation differentiates specific binding of [3 H]sulpiride and [3 H]spiperone to rat striatal preparations (1980)

Journal Article Cation regulation differentiates specific binding of [3 H]sulpiride and [3 H]spiperone to rat striatal preparations Get access A E Theodorou, A E Theodorou University Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and King's College Hospital Medical School, Denmark Hill, London SE5, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M D Hall, M D Hall University Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and King's College Hospital Medical School, Denmark Hill, London SE5, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P Jenner, P Jenner University Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and King's College Hospital Medical School, Denmark Hill, London SE5, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C D Marsden C D Marsden University Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and King's College Hospital Medical School, Denmark Hill, London SE5, UK Correspondence: University Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and King's College Hospital Medical School, Denmark Hill, London SE5, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 32, Issue 1, September 1980, Pages 441–444, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1980.tb12965.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 14 April 1980 Published: 12 April 2011
FRED Pose Prediction and Virtual Screening Accuracy (2011)

Results of a previous docking study are reanalyzed and extended to include results from the docking program FRED and a detailed statistical analysis of both structure reproduction and virtual screening results. FRED is run both in a traditional docking mode and in a hybrid mode that makes use of the structure of a bound ligand in addition to the protein structure to screen molecules. This analysis shows that most docking programs are effective overall but highly inconsistent, tending to do well on one system and poorly on the next. Comparing methods, the difference in mean performance on DUD is found to be statistically significant (95% confidence) 61% of the time when using a global enrichment metric (AUC). Early enrichment metrics are found to have relatively poor statistical power, with 0.5% early enrichment only able to distinguish methods to 95% confidence 14% of the time.
Erysipelas and tinea pedis (2000)

During a 2-year period 30 adults were selected out of a group of patients diagnosed with erysipelas, who, except for tinea pedis, were apparently otherwise healthy patients. Clinical and epidemiological studies were performed to establish how tinea pedis and erysipelas are related. Thirteen of 30 patients with a diagnosis of erysipelas were found to have tinea pedis due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum. In seven of the patients (23%) tinea pedis was found to be the unique predisposing factor for erysipelas. Tinea pedis may be a risk factor for streptococcal infections such as erysipelas, mainly in tropical countries, where tinea pedis is a frequent disease.
LMMSE detection for DS-CDMA systems in fading channels (2000)

The linear minimum mean-squared-error (LMMSE) criterion can be used to obtain near-far resistant receivers in direct-sequence code-division multiple-access systems. The standard version of the LMMSE receiver (postcombining LMMSE) minimizes the mean-squared error between the filter output and the true transmitted data sequence. Since the detector depends on the channel coefficients of all users, it cannot be implemented adaptively in fading channels due to severe tracking problems. A modified criterion for deriving LMMSE receivers (precombining LMMSE) in fading channels is presented. The precombining LMMSE receiver is independent of the users' complex channel coefficients, and it effectively converts the time-varying Rayleigh fading channel to an equivalent fixed additive white Gaussian noise channel from the point of view of updating the detector. The performance of the LMMSE receivers in fading channels is studied via computer simulations and numerical analysis. The results show that the postcombining LMMSE receiver has potentially larger capacity, but it cannot be used in fast fading channels. The precombining LMMSE receiver has slightly worse capacity than the postcombining LMMSE receiver, but remarkably larger capacity than the conventional RAKE receiver at the signal-to-noise ratios of practical interest.
Labeling of Sperm Cells via the Spontaneous Penetration of Eu3+ Ions as Nanoparticles Complexed with PVA or PVP (2008)

This paper describes the synthesis of an aqueous colloidal solution of Eu(OH)3 nanoparticles stabilized by polyvinylalcohol or polyvinylpyrolidone prepared in a sonication bath. These nanoparticles were used as nanolabeling agents for living sperm cells. The nanoparticles retain their desirable optical properties, which are typical of europium inside the sperm cell. The nanoparticles did not affect the sperm cell motility or the sperm’s ability to undergo an acrosome reaction. Furthermore, this work demonstrates for the first time the localization and the quantification of the loaded nanoparticles in the subcellular fractions, cytosol, plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoskeleton, using ICP measurements.