gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determining the bubble nucleation efficiency of low-energy nuclear recoils in superheated C3F8 dark matter detectors (2022)

The bubble nucleation efficiency of low-energy nuclear recoils in superheated liquids plays a crucial role in interpreting results from direct searches for weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter. The PICO collaboration presents the results of the efficiencies for bubble nucleation from carbon and fluorine recoils in superheated ${\mathrm{C}}_{3}{\mathrm{F}}_{8}$ from calibration data taken with five distinct neutron spectra at various thermodynamic thresholds ranging from 2.1 to 3.9 keV. Instead of assuming any particular functional forms for the nuclear recoil efficiency, a generalized piecewise linear model is proposed with systematic errors included as nuisance parameters to minimize model-introduced uncertainties. A Markov chain Monte Carlo routine is applied to sample the nuclear recoil efficiency for fluorine and carbon at 2.45 and 3.29 keV thermodynamic thresholds simultaneously. The nucleation efficiency for fluorine was found to be $\ensuremath{\ge}50%$ for nuclear recoils of 3.3 keV (3.7 keV) at a thermodynamic Seitz threshold of 2.45 keV (3.29 keV), and for carbon the efficiency was found to be $\ensuremath{\ge}50%$ for recoils of 10.6 keV (11.1 keV) at a threshold of 2.45 keV (3.29 keV). Simulated datasets are used to calculate a p value for the fit, confirming that the model used is compatible with the data. The fit paradigm is also assessed for potential systematic biases, which although small, are corrected for. Additional steps are performed to calculate the expected interaction rates of WIMPs in the PICO-60 detector, a requirement for calculating WIMP exclusion limits.
Trace Analysis for Steroidal Carboranes via Gas Chromatography/Microwave-lnduced Plasma Emission Spectroscopic Detection (1982)

Steroidal carboranes represent the attachment of a carboranyl moiety to a normal steroidal molecule, and therefore contain an unusually high ratio of boron:carbon atoms in comparsion with most organoboron compounds reported. In part, this is one of the reasons that such compounds have potential as neutron capture radiation therapy agents in cancer chemotherapy. Because of a general lack of selective and sensitive methods for the trace analysis of these compounds from biological matrices, it has thus far been difficult to study their pharmacokinetics, metabolisms, lifetimes, or distributions in mammalian systems. In order to capitalize on the high boron:carbon ratio inherent within these systems, the authors have developed unique methods of trace analysis involving gas chromatography (GC) in combination with both flame ionization detection (FID) and microwave induced plasma (MIP) emission detection in the boron/carbon modes. These overall methods provide a high degree of selectivity along with limits of detection. The study also presents analogous results using GC/FID/MIP for the trace analysis of certain diol and catechol boronate esters, comparing the boron/carbon normalized emission responses for this class of compounds with the steroidal carboranes via MIP detection. Applications are suggested for the use of these trace methods of analysis for bifunctional, biologically active organic compounds via boronation-GC/MIP.
Transition Metal Chemistry of Main Group Hydrazides. 8. A new Long-Chain Diphosphine with the PIII-N-N-PV-N-N-PIII Backbond as a Chelating Ligand for Molybdenum, Platinum, and Palladium. Crystal and Molecular Structures of cis-[Mo(CO)4{PhP(S)[N(Me)NHP(i-Pr)2]2}] and cis-[PtCl2{PhP(S)[N(Me)NHP(i-Pr)2]2}] (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransition Metal Chemistry of Main Group Hydrazides. 8. A new Long-Chain Diphosphine with the PIII-N-N-PV-N-N-PIII Backbond as a Chelating Ligand for Molybdenum, Platinum, and Palladium. Crystal and Molecular Structures of cis-[Mo(CO)4{PhP(S)[N(Me)NHP(i-Pr)2]2}] and cis-[PtCl2{PhP(S)[N(Me)NHP(i-Pr)2]2}]V. Sreenivasa Reddy, Kattesh V. Katti, and Charles L. BarnesCite this: Organometallics 1994, 13, 6, 2391–2396Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00018a034https://doi.org/10.1021/om00018a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The Gamma Cube: a novel concept of gamma-ray telescope (2014)

There is a large gap in between the Integral and Fermi spectral domains that is unobserved since the end of the CGRO mission and its Comptel experiment. There were many attempts to fill this gap but no proposal succeeded yet to convince a space agency to plan a mission. There are many reasons contributing to this situation but the most important one is that neither mirrors nor present particle tracking devices are effective at these energies. We propose here a novel design allowing particle tracking for a gamma-ray telescope in the 5–100 MeV band. The idea of this experiment is to image the ionizing tracks of charged particles using the light produced in a scintillator. The experiment operates as a pair creation telescope at high energy and as a Compton telescope with electron tracking at low energy. The telescope features a large scintillator transparent to the produced scintillation light, an ad-hoc optical system and a high resolution and highly sensitive imager. We review the requirements for each of these sub-systems and propose an experiment design taking into account the space constraints. We emphasize the numerous conceptual advantages of such a system as well as the identified difficulties.
Increase in acid sphingomyelinase level in human retinal endothelial cells and CD34+ circulating angiogenic cells isolated from diabetic individuals is associated with dysfunctional retinal vasculature and vascular repair process in diabetes (2017)

Collectively, these findings support that diabetes-induced ASM upregulation has a marked detrimental effect on both retinal endothelial cells and CACs.
A New Orbit System for the CERN Antiproton Decelerator (2016)

This contribution will describe the new orbit system foreseen for the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) located at CERN. The AD decelerates antiprotons from 3.57 GeV/c down to 100 MeV/c, with an intensity ranging from 1×107 to 5×107 particles. The orbit system developed is based on 34 horizontal and 29 vertical electrostatic beam position monitors (BPMs) fitted with existing low noise front-end amplifiers. After amplification, the BPM signals will be digitized and down-mixed to baseband, decimated and filtered before computation to extract the position. The digital acquisition part of the orbit measurement system is based on the VME Switched Serial (VXS) enhancement of the VME64x standard and includes VITA57 standard FPGA Mezzanine Cards (FMC). The system is foreseen to measure complete orbits every 2.5 ms with a resolution of 0.1 mm.
Widefield Imaging with Infrared-resonant Third-order Sum-frequency Spectroscopy (2022)

An infrared wide-field microscopy based on the infrared-resonant third-order sum-frequency (ITS) process is demonstrated. Video-rate imaging was achieved. The resulting 0.9 µm resolution is much higher than the diffraction limit defined by the input wavelengths.
Theoretical Study of Molecular Structure and Gas-Phase Acidity of Some Biologically Active Sulfonamides (2003)

The geometries of substituted sulfonamides [sulfonamide (I) sulfamic acid (II), sulfamide (III), methane sulfonamide (IV), 1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide (V), 4-aminobenzenesulfonamide (VI), 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-(2H)-one-1,1-dioxide (saccharin) (VII), N-(5-sulfamoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2yl)acetamide (acetazolamide) (VIII), 4-(aminosulfonyl)-N-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-benzamide (1I9L) (IX), (R)-(+)-4-(ethylamino)-2-(3-methoxypropyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2-thiazine-6-sulfonamide-1,-dioxide (brinzolamide) (X), and (4S-trans)-(+)-4-(ethylamino)-5,6-dihydro-6-methyl-4H-thieno-[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-dioxide (dorzolamide) (XI)] in both neutral and deprotonated forms, were optimized using CBS-QB3 theory (compounds I−IV), the Becke3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) method (compounds I−VIII), and the two-layered ONIOM(B3LYP 6-311+G(d,p): MNDO) method (compounds VIII - XI). Sulfamic acid behaves in the gas phase as O-acid. The investigated acids are weak acids with calculated acidity of about 1320−1420 kJ mol-1. Of the N-acids studied, saccharin possesses the highest gas-phase acidity (1324 kJ mol-1). The acidities of phenyl-substituted derivatives computed using the hybrid ONIOM (B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p): MNDO) method are in good agreement with the full DFT ones, and this method can be adopted to model large substituted sulfonamides.
Supervised Belief Propagation: Scalable Supervised Inference on Attributed Networks (2017)

Given an undirected network where some of the nodes are labeled, how can we classify the unlabeled nodes with high accuracy? Loopy Belief Propagation (LBP) is an inference algorithm widely used for this purpose with various applications including fraud detection, malware detection, web classification, and recommendation. However, previous methods based on LBP have problems in modeling complex structures of attributed networks because they manually and heuristically select the most important parameter, the propagation strength. In this paper, we propose Supervised Belief Propagation (SBP), a scalable and novel inference algorithm which automatically learns the optimal propagation strength by supervised learning. SBP is generally applicable to attributed networks including weighted and signed networks. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that SBP generalizes previous LBP-based methods and outperforms previous LBP and RWR based methods in real-world networks.
Transmission zeros with topological symmetry in complex systems (2021)

Understanding vanishing transmission in Fano resonances in quantum systems and metamaterials and perfect and ultralow transmission in disordered media has advanced the knowledge and applications of wave interactions. Here, we use analytic theory and numerical simulations to understand and control the transmission and transmission time in complex systems by deforming a medium and adjusting the level of gain or loss. Unlike the zeros of the scattering matrix, the position and motion of the zeros of the determinant of the transmission matrix (TM) in the complex plane of frequency and field decay rate have robust topological properties. In systems without loss or gain, the transmission zeros appear either singly on the real axis or as conjugate pairs in the complex plane. As the structure is modified, two single zeros and a complex conjugate pair of zeros may interconvert when they meet at a square root singularity in the rate of change of the distance between the transmission zeros in the complex plane with sample deformation. The transmission time is the spectral derivative of the argument of the determinant of the TM. It is a sum over Lorentzian functions associated with the resonances of the medium, which is the density of states, and with the zeros of the TM. Transmission vanishes, and the transmission time diverges as zeros are brought near the real axis. Monitoring the transmission and transmission time when two zeros are close may open new possibilities for ultrasensitive detection.
Effects of the clozapine national registry system on incidence of deaths related to agranulocytosis (1996)

The clozapine national registry system fostered early detection of white blood cell suppression, prevented retreatment with clozapine of patients who had previously developed white blood cell suppression, and brought about lower than expected rates of agranulocytosis and associated deaths.
Reducing energy availability losses with open parallel microchannels embedded in a micropatterned surface (2005)

This article develops a new technique of reducing exergy losses of external viscous flow over surfaces, based on optimized microchannels embedded within the surface. The rate of entropy production and loss of available optimized energy are formulated by an integral solution and modified Blasius profiles of boundary layer flow. The optimized number of microchannels, width and height of each microchannel and spacing between microchannels involve a selective compromise between added heat exchange due to surface area, together with reduced friction through slip conditions within each microchannel. Mixed Knudsen numbers across each microchannel require simultaneous modelling of both slip-flow and no-slip conditions at the wall. Results involving the minimal entropy production and optimized microchannel profiles are presented and compared to other benchmark results involving classical macro-scale configurations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantifying Rock Fatigue and Decreasing Compressive and Tensile Strength after Repeated Freeze‐Thaw Cycles (2015)

Abstract Frost action is believed to control rock slope erosion in cold environments and is a major driver of rockfall generation. While other frost weathering by ice segregation has been proved effective in previous laboratory studies, we investigate the effects of volumetric expansion on samples of sandstone because it is the best‐constrained process for quantifying damage. We conducted up to 17 freeze‐thaw cycles using 26 identical sandstone cylinders and repeatedly measured porosity, elastic moduli and compressive and tensile strength in the laboratory. To analyse the damage mechanism, we monitored strain during single freeze‐thaw cycles. In contrast to previous studies, both partially (50%) and highly (90%) water‐saturated samples display significant deformation during freeze‐thaw cycles. This indicates that rapid freezing in a non‐uniformly sized pore space can cause damage if only a portion of the pores is fully saturated. Compressive and tensile strength of highly saturated samples decreases by approximately 40 per cent and 95 per cent, respectively, over 17 freeze‐thaw cycles. Porosity increases by 80 per cent after three cycles and only by another 30 per cent in the next 14 cycles, indicating rock fatigue by destruction of the grain bonds. We introduce a generalised fatigue damage model, capable of comparing fatigue damage under different weathering regimes and in different rock types. We show how repeated frost action systematically causes rock fatigue and a major decrease in compressive and tensile strength of rocks. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Development of a platform to combine sensor networks and home robots to improve fall detection in the home environment (2011)

Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in the development of wearable sensor systems for continuous health monitoring in the home and community settings. One of the main areas of application for these wearable sensor systems is in detecting emergency events such as falls. Wearable sensors like accelerometers are increasingly being used to monitor daily activities of individuals at a risk of falls, detect emergency events and send alerts to caregivers. However, such systems tend to have a high rate of false alarms, which leads to low compliance levels. Home robots can enable caregivers with the ability to quickly make an assessment and intervene if an emergency event is detected. This can provide an additional layer for detecting false positives, which can lead to improve compliance. In this paper, we present preliminary work on the development of a fall detection system based on a combination sensor networks and home robots. The sensor network architecture comprises of body worn sensors and ambient sensors distributed in the environment. We present the software architecture and conceptual design home robotic platform. We also perform preliminary characterization of the sensor network in terms of latencies and battery lifetime.
IMMA - Intelligently Moving Manikins : Project Status 2011 (2011)

The overall rationale and assumption for the research project presented is this paper is that a fast, easy to use, and reliable procedure to predict and validate manual assembly tasks is of major importance in product and production development processes to ensure high and robust product quality and process performance. A basic condition for the research is the belief that tools with such functionality are currently not available for companies to utilise in their development processes. Hence more research and development is needed in the area. This paper describes the status of the project IMMA – Intelligently Moving Manikins and discusses coming initiatives. The project status is portrayed by a conceivable simulation task of a digital test assembly of a centre console.
Modeling Performance Degradation in Nickel Hydrogen Cells (1991)

With the increasing use of nickel hydrogen cells and batteries, degradation models and cycle life predictions can be valuable if they are valid. This report reviews previous studies of the expansion characteristics of nickel electrodes, as well as early efforts to predict cycle life as a function of depth of discharge. The results of these earlier studies are then used to suggest a more accurate degradation model for nickel electrodes. Preliminary experimental studies have focused on electrodes of the type used in typical flight hardware. The objective is to explore the stiffness of electrodes as they are cycled to different depths of discharge and different concentrations of KOH. Electrodes of different plaque strengths, loading levels of active material, and amounts of cobalt additives will eventually be investigated. The ultimate goal is to more accurately predict the cycle life of a cell as affected by design parameters. Nickel hydrogen, Life prediction models, Performance degradation, Nickel electrode expansion.
Microwave/Millimeter-Wave Packaging for 5G and Beyond: Materials, Technologies, and Techniques [From the Guest Editors’ Desk] (2022)

It is our pleasure to write this column and introduce the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">IEEE Microwave Magazine</i> reader to this focus issue “Microwave/Millimeter-Wave Packaging for 5G and Beyond.” This focus issue was inspired by past presidents of the IEEE Microwave Theory and Technology Society (MTT-S) as a means to promote the visibility of other IEEE Societies within MTT-S activities. The issue is sponsored by the MTT-S Technical Committee (TC)-16, Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Packaging, Interconnect and Integration. Advanced microwave and millimeter-wave (mm-wave) packaging is a multidisciplinary research area where transdisciplinary innovation is key to enabling the challenging applications of 5G and mm-wave. As a result, in parallel with the MTT-S, several other societies within IEEE are working to address these challenging issues.
Synthesis of new N-substituted pyrrolidin-2-ones as cyclic analog of gamma-aminobutyric acid. (2001)

Some new N-substituted pyrrolidin-2-ones, cyclic analogs of baclofen and of 3-(5-methylbenzo[b]furan-2-yl)-gamma-aminobutyric acid, have been prepared starting from corresponding pyrrolidinones and characterized.
ESESC: A fast multicore simulator using Time-Based Sampling (2013)

Architects rely on simulation in their exploration of the design space. However, slow simulation speed caps their productivity and limits the depth of their exploration. Sampling has been a commonly used remedy. While sampling is shown to be an effective technique for single core processors, its application has been limited to simulation of multi-program, throughput applications only. This work presents Time-Based Sampling (TBS), a framework that is the first to enable sampling in simulation of multicore processors with virtually no limitation in terms of application type (multi-programmed or multithreaded), number of cores, homogeneity or heterogeneity of the simulated configuration (4.99% error averaged across all the evaluated configurations). TBS also is the first to enable integrated power and temperature evaluation in statistically sampled simulation of multicore systems (with 5.5% and 2.4% error on average, respectively). We implement an architectural simulator based on TBS, called ESESC, that provides a holistic set of tools for a fair evaluation of different architectures.
Placement of EPTC-Fertilizer when Seeding Birdsfoot Trefoil (1969)

While establishing birdsfoot trefoil ( Lotus corniculatus L., var. Viking), the following weed control treatments were compared for effectiveness: (A) ethyl N,N -dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) impregnated on granular fertilizer and applied through the placement assembly of a grain drill during planting; (B) EPTC applied as a spray before planting and incorporated by multiple disking; (C) a combination of treatments A and B. All treatments involving EPTC controlled annual grasses. Where perennial grasses and sedges were abundant, treatment C was more effective than the others. All three methods resulted satisfactory birdsfoot trefoil establishment.
Texture-based computer-aided diagnosis system for lung fibrosis (2007)

Computer-aided detection of lung fibrosis remains a difficult task due to the small vascular structures, scars, and fibrotic tissues that need to be identified and differentiated. In this paper, we present a texture-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system that automatically detects lung fibrosis. Our system uses high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), advanced texture analysis, and support vector machine (SVM) committees to automatically and accurately detect lung fibrosis. Our CAD system follows a five-stage pipeline that is comprised of: <i>segmentation, texture analysis, training, classification, and display</i>. Since the accuracy of the proposed texture-based CAD system depends on how precise we can distinguish texture dissimilarities between normal and abnormal lungs, in this paper we have given special attention to the texture block selection process. We present the effects that texture block size, data reduction techniques, and image smoothing filters have within the overall classification results. Furthermore, a histogram-based technique to refine the classification results inside texture blocks is presented. The proposed texture-based CAD system to detect lung fibrosis has been trained with several normal and abnormal HRCT studies and has been tested with the original training dataset as well as new HRCT studies. On average, when using the suggested/default texture size and an optimized SVM committee system, a 90% accuracy has been observed with the proposed texture-based CAD system to detect lung fibrosis.