gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deployable Extravehicular Activity Platform (DEVAP) for Planetary Surfaces (2012)

The Deployable Extra-Vehicular Activity Platform (DEVAP) is a staging platform for egress and ingress attached to a lunar, Mars, or planetary surface habitat airlock, suitlock, or port. The DEVAP folds up into a compact package for transport, and deploys manually from its attached location to provide a ramp and staging platform for extra-vehicular activities. This paper discusses the latest development of the DEVAP, from its beginnings as a portable platform attached to the Lunar Outpost Pressurized Excursion Module (PEM) in the Constellation Lunar Surface Systems scenarios, to the working prototype deployed at the2011 NASA Desert Research and Technology Studies (D-RATS) analog field tests in Arizona. The paper concludes with possible future applications and directions for the DEVAP.
Free-living amoebae as an environmental host for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (2018)

Session 4. Public Health and Map Environment
Cardiac adrenomedullin gene expression and peptide accumulation after acute myocardial infarction in rats (2000)

Plasma adrenomedullin (AM) has been shown to increase in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction (MI). However, little information is available regarding cardiac AM synthesis after MI. Accordingly, we examined the time course of ventricular AM production and potential stimulation of AM in the infarcted and noninfarcted regions in MI rats produced by coronary artery ligation. Compared with sham-operated rats, the ventricular AM peptide level 6 h after MI increased 1.5-fold in the infarcted region and 1.7-fold in the noninfarcted region in association with increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (EDP). Northern blot analysis also showed marked induction of AM gene expression in the infarcted region (11-fold) and the noninfarcted region (6-fold) 6 h after MI. The AM peptide level in the infarcted region reached its peak (2. 6-fold) 1 wk postinfarction and thereafter decreased to normal. In the noninfarcted region, however, the AM level remained elevated for at least 4 wk. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that intense immunostaining for AM was limited to myocytes in both the infarcted and noninfarcted regions. Interestingly, the AM level in the noninfarcted region correlated positively with infarct size (r = 0. 40, P < 0.01) and EDP (r = 0.52, P < 0.001). An oral angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor suppressed the overproduction of AM 1 wk postinfarction in association with decreases in EDP and mean arterial pressure. In summary, cardiac AM synthesis was rapidly induced in both the infarcted and noninfarcted regions after MI. The subsequent ventricular AM in the two regions demonstrated different time-concentration curves during 4 wk after MI. AM may be synthesized predominantly by cardiac myocytes, but not by fibroblasts, at least in part, in association with increased ventricular load after MI.
Introduction to clinical child neuropsychiatry (1995)

Over the last 20 years, child and adolescent psychiatry has managed to establish itself as a flourishing branch of medicine. Several major textbooks appeared (e.g. Rutter & Hersov, 1977; Rutter & Hersov, 1985; Noshpitz et al., 1987; Lewis, 1991; Rutler, Taylor & Hersov, 1994) and thousands of empirically based studies were published. The clinical and research areas covered by child and adolescent psychiatry are enormous ranging from infant psychiatry to adolescent problems and from family relationship problems and sexual abuse to autism and anorexia nervosa.
Optimizing Gait Parameters and Insole Sensor Positioning for Parkinson's Disease Assessment (2017)

Gait abnormality is a characteristic symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) and could be exploited to assess PD progression. In this study, we examined various gait parameters and insole sensor positioning for evaluating PD. We first verified the results from several published papers in which gait parameters exhibited significant differences between PD patients and healthy controls. Then, we investigated additional gait parameters derived from individual sensors in 8 positions across the sole. The result demonstrated that the balls, heels, and center of arches are valuable positions for PD gait assessment. Furthermore, a random forests method showed the most important gait parameters to predict PD include swing time on the balls and medial arches, double support time on the balls and medial arches, and ground reaction forces on the heels. The optimization of sensor positioning and gait parameters suggests a low-cost and effective way identify Parkinsonian gait characteristics.
Gestión óptima de la energía en vehículos híbridos basados en pilas de combustible utilizando control predictivo económico (2016)

Las pilas de combustible que utilizan el hidrégeno como combustible están siendo consideradas, en estos últimos años, como una alternativa a los combustibles fósiles para su uso en automóviles. Dicha tecnología se puede utilizar en los vehículos eléctricos o de propulsión híbrida ya en uso. Este trabajo introduce el control predictivo económico (EMPC, siglas en inglés) como técnica de gestión óptima de la energía. Finalmente, se presentan simulaciones de varios escenarios, basados en un control EMPC, en donde se estudia el efecto del ajuste de los pesos del controlador de forma que se consiga la reducción del consumo de la pila de combustible mediante la ayuda de las baterías y supercondensadores. El artículo concluye con una discusión de los resultados y muestra trabajos futuros a realizar.
Platelets and Cardiovascular Disease (2002)

Platelets play an important, but often under-recognized role in cardiovascular disease. For example, the normal response of the platelet can be altered, either by increased pro-aggregatory stimuli or by diminished anti-aggregatory substances to produce conditions of increased platelet activation/aggregation and occur in active cardiovascular disease states both on a chronic (e.g. stable angina pectoris) and acute basis (e.g. acute myocardial infarction). In addition, platelet hyperaggregability is also associated with the risk factors for coronary artery disease (e.g. smoking, hypertension, and hypercholesterolaemia). Finally, the utility of an increasing range of anti-platelet therapies in the management of the above disease states further emphasizes the pivotal role platelets play in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the normal physiologic role of platelets in maintain homeostasis, the pathophysiologic processes that contribute to platelet dysfunction in cardiovascular disease and the associated role and benefits of anti-platelet therapies.
Networked Control Design for the Assisted Start-Up of Vehicle Convoys using V2V Communication (2022)

The use of information via communication within the control design is an important aspect for realizing dependable and efficient autonomous driving functions. In this contribution, we focus on the assisted start-up of a vehicle convoy at an intersection. It is illustrated how vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication can be used in the control design in order to satisfy both demands – an increase of the intersection's throughput and a guaranteed collision avoidance. The key idea is to first design an overshoot-free closed loop with a general speed-dependent target distance. Subsequently, this function can be extended to meet safety requirements in the presence of delays and constraints. Input and speed constraints are included in the control design to address the passenger comfort and the compliance with road traffic regulations. The benefit of the networked controller is demonstrated by simulations.
Possible effects on the polyethene chain structure of trimethylaluminum coordination to zirconocene catalysts (2001)

Abstract Ethene was polymerized with the catalytic systems L 2 ZrCl 2 /MAO/TMA (where L = Cp, Me 5 Cp, or Me 4 Cp; Cp = η 5 ‐cyclopentadienyl; MAO = methylaluminoxane; and TMA = trimethylaluminum) at 60 °C, 2 bar, and Al TMA /Zr ratios of 0–2700. The polymerization activity was reduced with the addition of TMA for L = Cp but was almost unaffected for the methyl‐substituted catalysts. Increasing the TMA concentration resulted in a lower molecular weight of the polymer, with the largest effect for L = Me 5 Cp. A gel permeation chromatography analysis of the polymers revealed a high molecular weight shoulder and a nearly bimodal distribution for L = Me 5 Cp at high TMA concentrations. A possible explanation of such a shoulder in terms of long‐chain branching was ruled out by dynamic viscosity measurements. The origin of this effect more likely stemmed from competition between chain transfer to aluminum and β‐hydrogen transfer reactions at two different sites, one TMA‐sensitive and one TMA‐insensitive. Polymerizations at various pressures and temperatures substantiated this assumption. A clue to the underlying mechanism came from investigations of chain transfer to TMA studied with density functional calculations. Complexation of Me 3 Al to Zr was much stronger for L = Cp than for L = Me 5 Cp. However, the overall chain‐transfer barrier was much higher for L = Cp. These results agreed both with the reduced activity for L = Cp and with the strongly reduced molecular weight for L = Me 5 Cp observed with the addition of TMA. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 3566–3577, 2001
Combined visualisation of cavitation and vortical structures in a real-size optical diesel injector (2020)

Abstract A high-speed flow visualisation set-up comprising of combined diffuse backlight illumination (DBI) and schlieren imaging has been developed to illustrate the highly transient, two-phase flow arising in a real-size optical fuel injector. The different illumination nature of the two techniques, diffuse and parallel light respectively, allows for the capturing of refractive-index gradients due to the presence of both interfaces and density gradients within the orifice. Hence, the onset of cavitation and secondary-flow motion within the sac and injector hole can be concurrently visualised. Experiments were conducted utilising a diesel injector fitted with a single-hole transparent tip (ECN spray D) at injection pressures of 700–900 bar and ambient pressures in the range of 1–20 bar. High-speed DBI images obtained at 100,000 fps revealed that the orifice, due to its tapered layout, is mildly cavitating with relatively constant cavity sheets arising mainly in regions of manufacturing imperfections. Nevertheless, schlieren images obtained at the same frame rate demonstrated that a multitude of vortices with short lifetimes arise at different scales in the sac and nozzle regions during the entire duration of the injection cycle but the vortices do not necessarily result in phase change. The magnitude and exact location of coherent vortical structures have a measurable influence on the dynamics of the spray emerging downstream the injector outlet, leading to distinct differences in the variation of its cone angle depending on the injection and ambient pressures examined. Graphic abstract
The mTORC1/2 Inhibitor AZD8055 Strengthens the Efficiency of the MEK Inhibitor Trametinib to Reduce the Mcl-1/[Bim and Puma] ratio and to Sensitize Ovarian Carcinoma Cells to ABT-737 (2016)

Abstract The identification of novel therapeutic strategies is an important urgent requirement for the clinical management of ovarian cancer, which remains the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer. Several studies have shown that the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and Mcl-1, as well as the proapoptotic protein Bim, are key elements to be modulated to kill ovarian cancer cells. Pharmacologic inhibition of Bcl-xL is possible by using BH3-mimetic molecules like ABT-737. However, inhibition of Mcl-1 and/or promotion of its BH3-only partners (including Bim, Puma, and Noxa) remains a challenge that may be achieved by modulating the signaling pathways upstream. This study sought whether AZD8055-induced mTOR inhibition and/or trametinib-induced MEK inhibition could modulate Mcl-1 and its partners to decrease the Mcl-1/BH3-only ratio and thus sensitize various ovarian cancer cell lines to ABT-737. AZD8055 treatment inhibited Mcl-1 and increased Puma expression but did not induce massive apoptosis in combination with ABT-737. In contrast, trametinib, which decreased the Mcl-1/BH3-only protein ratio by upregulating Puma and dephosphorylated active Bim, sensitized IGROV1-R10 and OVCAR3 cells to ABT-737. Adding AZD8055 to trametinib further reduced the Mcl-1/BH3-only protein ratio and triggered apoptosis without ABT-737 in IGROV1-R10 cells. Moreover, the AZD8055/trametinib association highly sensitized all cell lines including SKOV3 to ABT-737, the induced dephosphorylated Bim being crucial in this sensitization. Finally, the three-drug combination was also very efficient when replacing AZD8055 by the pan-Akt inhibitor MK-2206. This study thus proposes original multitargeted strategies and may have important implications for the design of novel approaches for ovarian cancer treatment. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(1); 102–15. ©2016 AACR.
Distribution and metabolism of D / L ‐, L ‐ and D ‐glufosinate in transgenic, glufosinate‐tolerant crops of maize ( Zea mays L ssp mays ) and oilseed rape ( Brassica napus L var napus ) (2004)

Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine whether post‐emergence application of glufosinate to transgenic crops could lead to an increase in residues or to the formation of new, hitherto unknown metabolites. Transgenic oilseed rape and maize plants were treated separately with L ‐glufosinate, D ‐glufosinate or the racemic mixture. Whereas about 90% of the applied D ‐glufosinate was washed off by rain and only 5–6% was metabolised, 13–35% of the applied L ‐glufosinate remained in the form of metabolites and unchanged herbicide in both transgenic maize and oilseed rape. The main metabolite was N ‐acetyl‐ L ‐glufosinate with total residues of 91% in oilseed rape and 67% in maize, together with small amounts, of 5% in oilseed rape and 28% in maize, of different methylphosphinyl fatty acids. These metabolites were probably formed from L ‐glufosinate by deamination and subsequent decarboxylation. The residues were distributed in all fractions of the plants, with the highest contents in treated leaves and the lowest in the grains (0.07–0.3% in maize and 0.4–0.6% in oilseed rape). There was no indication of an accumulation of total residues or of residue levels above the official tolerances for glufosinate. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Stereoarrayed CF3‐Substituted 1,3‐Diols by Dynamic Kinetic Resolution: Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation (2016)

CF3 -substituted 1,3-diols were stereoselectively prepared in excellent enantiopurity and high yield from CF3 -substituted diketones by using an ansa-ruthenium(II)-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation in formic acid/triethylamine. The intermediate mono-reduced alcohol was also obtained in very high enantiopurity by applying milder reaction conditions. In particular, CF3 C(O)-substituted benzofused cyclic ketones underwent either a single or a double dynamic kinetic resolution during their reduction.
Effect of sodium salts of 3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholanoic and 3,7,12-trioxo-5β-cholanoic acids on verapamil hydrochloride in biophysical-chemical model experiments (2011)

It is known that certain bile acids have a promotive effect on the action of some drugs. Special attention is paid to bile acids having oxo groups instead of OH groups in the steroid skeleton of their molecule, since these derivatives have a lower hemolytic potential (membrane toxicity). This study examined the effects of sodium salts of 3?,12?-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5?-cholanoic acid (7-oC) and 3,7,12-trioxo-5?- cholanoic acid (3,7,12-toC) on the adsorption of verapamil hydrochloride on activated carbon (model of the cell membrane). The interaction was followed by measuring the effect of verapamil on the functional dependence between the spin-lattice relaxation time T1 (protons of the C18 angular group of the bile acid molecule) and the bile acid concentration in deuterated chloroform (model of the cell membrane lipid phase). Whether a depot effect of verapamil exists when 7-oC and 3,7,12-toC (in the form of methyl esters) are present in chloroform was also investigated. It was found that 7-oC exhibited a significant effect in the experiments with verapamil, whereas 3,7,12-toC showed no difference of the measured parameters with respect to the control. This indicates that bile acid molecules should have OH groups bound to the steroid nucleus, in order to exhibit an effect on the monitored physico-chemical parameters of verapamil.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Aminothiopyran Dicarboxylates. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Association Tests that Accommodate Genotyping Uncertainty* (2011)

Abstract High‐throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, typically used in genome‐wide association studies with a trait of interest, provide estimates of genotypes for up to several million loci. Most genotype estimates are very accurate, but genotyping errors do occur and can influence test statistics, p‐values and ranks. Some SNPs are harder to call than others due to probe properties and other technical/biological factors; uncertainties can be associated with features of interest. SNP‐ and case‐specific genotype posterior probabilities are available, but they are typically not used or used only informally, for example by setting aside the most uncertain calls. To improve on these approaches we take full advantage of Bayesian structuring and develop an analytic framework that accommodates genotype uncertainties. We show that the power of a score test (and statistical information more generally) is directly a function of the correlation of the genotype probabilities with the true genotypes. We demonstrate that compared to picking a single AA, AB or BB genotype or to setting aside difficult calls, Bayesian structuring can substantially increase statistical information for detecting a true association and for ranking SNPs, whether the ranking be frequentist or optimal Bayes. This improvement is primarily associated with genotypes that are difficult to call.
Evaluation of the MKS On-Line FTIR MultiGas™ Analyzer for Gas Turbine Applications (2003)

A side-by-side comparison between the MKS On-Line MultiGas™ analyzer (MGA) and conventional continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS) was performed under various test rig operating conditions at Solar Turbines Incorporated (Solar). The CEMS used an array of single gas analyzers (SGA’s) to measure NOX, CO, CO2, O2 and UHC (unburned hydrocarbons). The MGA, which uses Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry to make its measurements, simultaneously analyzed the exhaust stream for ten compounds: NO, NO2, CO, CO2, H2O, CH4, H2CO (formaldehyde), N2O, SO2, and NH3. Both dry and wet samples were collected using the MGA. The only calibration grade gas required was nitrogen, which was used as a zero (or purge) gas. Overall, the comparison between the CEMS and the MGA was very favorable, with the NO emissions within 0.1 ppmV (∼5%) and CO2 emissions within about 6% of each other. Larger differences were observed for NO2 and CO, but were most likely caused by sensor sensitivity range and sample handling problems with the in-house conventional CEMS.
A multipurpose cordless phone for use in both private and public systems (1989)

The high cost of cellular phone purchase and service still prices them out of reach of many consumers. However, the marriage of cordless phone technology to radio pagers offers the promise of a low cost device with much of the functional capability of cellular phones at a fraction of the cost.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Growth of three-dimensional diamond mosaics by microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (2017)

Growth of novel 3D diamond mosaic structures by MPCVD was realized, clearing the way for complex diamond shapes.
Patterning of pH Sensitive Fluorescent Bipyridazine Derivatives (2010)

A pH sensitive pipeprazine substituted bipyridazine fluorophore, DPP-BPDZ was explored as a pH sensor in solution and thin film state. Greenish highly fluorescent solution of the DPP-BPDZ with fluorescence quantum yield of 0.63 showed fluorescence decrease as the acetic acid concentration of the media was increased. The fluorescence quenching was correlated linearly with the content of acetic acid dose and attributed to the protonation at the terminal piperazine group. An acid sensitive film was fabricated using a transparent polymeric host (PMMA) and the DPP-BPDZ dye molecules as a guest. The resultant bright green fluorescent film (1.4 microm thick) showed exponential decrease of the fluorescence intensity as the pH of the dipping solution was decreased. In the range of pH below 4.5, the film sensitivity to pH was higher than the pH range over 4.5. A patternable film sensor was fabricated by introducing a photo acid generator (PAG) layer on the dye layer. Fluorescence patterns was formed on the film sensor through a photo-mask by relatively weak power of UV light (0.4 mW/cm2). Fluorescent line patterns having 10 microm line width were obtained with high fluorescence contrast between the patterns.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Spectral Properties of β‐Carbolines. Part 7. The Pictet‐Spengler Reaction of Tryptamines with N‐Benzyl‐4‐piperidone. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
SURF-based spatio-temporal history image method for action representation (2011)

Researches on action understanding and analysis are very crucial for various applications in computer vision. However, these face numerous challenges to represent and recognize different complex actions. This paper presents a noble spatio-temporal 3D (XYT) method for recognizing various complex activities, with a blend of local and global feature-based approach for motion representation. We incorporate SURF (Speeded-Up Robust Features), which is a scale- and rotation-invariant interest point detector and descriptor. Based on the interest points, optical flow-based directional motion history and energy images are developed. In this approach, the flow-based motion vectors are split into four different channels. From these channels, the corresponding four directional templates are computed. 56-D feature vector is calculated according to the Hu invariants for each action. k-nearest neighbor classification scheme is employed for recognition. We employ leave-one-out cross-validation method for partitioning scheme. We apply our method to outdoor dataset and we achieve satisfactory recognition results. We compare our method with some of other approaches and show that our method outperforms them.