gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of electron-donating ability of terminal groups of cationic polymethine dyes on thermal polymerization of methyl methacrylate in solution (2013)

Thermal polymerizability of methyl methacrylate solution was examined in dimethylformamide in the presence of cationic symmetric and asymmetric polymethine dyes with different terminal electron-donating groups by dilatometric method. It was found that the polymethine dyes according to the electronic structure can initiate or inhibit the polymerization of methyl methacrylate both in the presence of standard initiator, azoisobutyronitrile, and in its absence by a radical mechanism. It was shown that the initiating ability was weakened with altering an electron-donating activating ability of terminal groups of dyes from the average level in both directions of its increasing or decreasing. The transition from symmetric to asymmetric dyes in the same structural type is accompanied by a loss of initiating ability. Based on the comparison of experimental kinetic data of polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of dyes and quantum chemical calculations of electronic structure for dyes it was demonstrated that a HOMO energy value of an initiating dye must be higher and that of an inhibiting dye, lower than the methyl methacrylate value.
228 Verdinexor, an inhibitor of the nuclear export protein exportin-1 prevents lupus progression by limiting germinal center formation and development of autoreactive antibody secreting cells (2019)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by simultaneous activation of the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. Recently, the nuclear export protein exportin-1 (XPO1) has surfaced as an attractive target for the treatment of SLE. Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compounds such as verdinexor (KPT-335) are potent, orally available XPO1 inhibitors. SINE compounds inhibit the nuclear export of over 220 cargoes, and this pleiotropic effect on multiple signaling pathways exerts apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in dampening NF-B transcriptional activity. Based on previous studies with SINE compounds, we sought to define the minimal amount and frequency of verdinexor treatment necessary to maintain disease inhibition. <h3>Methods</h3> To evaluate the minimal efficacious dose of verdinexor in SLE, cohorts of mice with established disease were dosed orally twice weekly with 7.5 mg/kg verdinexor or vehicle for eight weeks. Thereafter, various administration schedules of verdinexor (7.5 mg/kg) plus or minus bortezomib (0.75 mg/kg) a proteasome inhibitor (PI) known to eliminate autoreactive antibody-secreting cells (ASC) were administered for 4 weeks to examine their ability to control recurrent disease. We used flow cytometry and ELISPOT to enumerate ASC in the spleen and bone marrow (BM) and immunofluorescence to visualize germinal centers (GC) in spleen. <h3>Results</h3> Therapy with verdinexor twice weekly significantly inhibited disease progression (GC: Control=622499.06 338011.04 vs KPT-335=100952.44 62652.09, p=0.0033. plasmablasts: Control=263790.82 148146.57 vs KPT-335=20967.31 19009.25, p=0.0027. plasma cells: Control=62078.36 22539.49 vs KPT-335=21277.82 13909.45, p=0.0056). Thus, we observed significantly decreased levels of GC B cells, plasma cells and plasmablasts in the BM and the spleen with 4 weeks of induction therapy. The potent effect of SINE compound monotherapy on GC and auto-reactive ASC was further highlighted by the pronounced elimination of GCs histologically and reduction in auto-reactive ASC achieved after 4 weeks of maintenance therapy administered once weekly. In a concurrent study, when combined with bortezomib, 1 week verdinexor plus PI treatment resulted in a synergistic effect, significantly reducing in the number of auto-reactive ASC, particularly in the BM. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Verdinexor has demonstrated efficacy by reducing generation and survival of auto-reactive immune cells. Additional experiments are underway to examine if inhibition of the canonical NFB pathway underlies verdinexors inhibitory effect. Together, our findings suggest the potential of SINE compounds to have a significant impact on SLE disease progression alone or in combination with currently utilized PIs. <h3>Funding Source(s):</h3> NIH R44 AI124949-03
Hippocampal antioxidative system in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (2015)

Antioxidative system is upregulated in HS. This documents, for the first time, that epileptogenic hippocampi are exposed to oxidative stress. Our findings provide a basis for understanding the potential involvement of redox alterations in the pathology of epilepsy, and may open new pharmacologic perspectives for mTLE-HS treatment.
Novel phenylalanine dehydrogenases from Sporosarcina ureae and Bacillus sphaericus. Purification and characterization. (1987)

NAD+-dependent phenylalanine dehydrogenases were purified 1,500- and 1,600-fold, and crystallized from Sporosarcina ureae SCRC-R04 and Bacillus sphaericus SCRC-R79a, respectively. The purified enzymes were homogeneous as judged by disc gel electrophoresis. The enzyme from S. ureae has a molecular weight of 305,000, while that of B. sphaericus has a molecular weight of 340,000. Each is probably composed of eight subunits identical in molecular weight. The S. ureae enzyme showed a high substrate specificity in the oxidative deamination reaction acting on L-phenylalanine, while that of B. sphaericus acted on L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine. The enzymes had lower substrate specificities in the reductive amination reaction acting on alpha-keto acids. The Sporosarcina enzyme acted on phenylpyruvate, alpha-ketocaproate, alpha-keto-gamma-methylthiobutyrate and rho-hydroxyphenylpyruvate. The Bacillus enzyme acted on rho-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, phenylpyruvate, and alpha-keto-gamma-methylthiobutyrate. The enzyme from B. sphaericus catalyzes The enzyme from B. sphaericus catalyzes the transfer of pro-S (B) hydrogen from NADH.
The 2017 ILAE classification of seizure types and the epilepsies: what do people with epilepsy and their caregivers need to know? (2018)

The International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) published in the April 2017 edition of Epilepsia three companion articles on the classification of seizures and the epilepsies. These represent a long-awaited update on the original 1981 and 1989 publications and provide a modern descriptive template. The new classification presents three levels of terminology, involving seizure types, epilepsy types, and syndromes. In this fourth paper, we present an interpretation of these new concepts for people with epilepsy and those who care for them, as well as for young medical doctors not specialized in epilepsy and nurses. Our goal in writing this paper is to ensure that everyone is speaking and understanding the same language, which is fundamental to the optimal management of people with epilepsy.
Iterative Decoding Trajectories of Parallel Concatenated Codes (1999)

Mutual information transfer charac-teristics for soft in/soft out decoders are proposed as a tool to better understand the convergence behavior of iterative decoding schemes. The exchange of extrin-sic information is visualized as a decoding trajectory in the Extrinsic Information Transfer Chart. This al-lows the prediction of turbo cliff position and bit er-ror rate after an arbitrary number of iterations. The influence of code memory, generator polynomials as well as different constituent codes on the convergence behavior is studied for parallel concatenated codes. I.
Serotonin promotes tumor growth in human hepatocellular cancer† (2009)

This study provides evidence that serotonin is involved in tumor growth of hepatocellular cancer by activating downstream targets of mTOR, and therefore serotonin-related pathways might represent a new treatment strategy.
Ocular Manifestations of Emerging Flaviviruses and the Blood-Retinal Barrier (2018)

Despite flaviviruses remaining the leading cause of systemic human infections worldwide, ocular manifestations of these mosquito-transmitted viruses are considered relatively uncommon in part due to under-reporting. However, recent outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) implicated in causing multiple ocular abnormalities, such as conjunctivitis, retinal hemorrhages, chorioretinal atrophy, posterior uveitis, optic neuritis, and maculopathies, has rejuvenated a significant interest in understanding the pathogenesis of flaviviruses, including ZIKV, in the eye. In this review, first, we summarize the current knowledge of the major flaviviruses (Dengue, West Nile, Yellow Fever, and Japanese Encephalitis) reported to cause ocular manifestations in humans with emphasis on recent ZIKV outbreaks. Second, being an immune privilege organ, the eye is protected from systemic infections by the presence of blood-retinal barriers (BRB). Hence, we discuss how flaviviruses modulate retinal innate response and breach the protective BRB to cause ocular or retinal pathology. Finally, we describe recently identified infection signatures of ZIKV and discuss whether these system biology-predicted genes or signaling pathways (e.g., cellular metabolism) could contribute to the pathogenesis of ocular manifestations and assist in the development of ocular antiviral therapies against ZIKV and other flaviviruses.
Direct Left Ventricle to Great Cardiac Vein Retroperfusion: A Novel Alternative to Myocardial Revascularization (2006)

A LV-GCV circuit can significantly restore regional function to the acutely ischemic myocardium. An inline valve that eliminates backward diastolic flow improves regional function even further. This approach may provide an effective therapy for diffuse coronary disease not amenable to traditional revascularization strategies.
The bovine colostrum and milk metabolome at the onset of lactation as determined by 1H-NMR (2020)

The purpose of this study was to characterise the metabolome of bovine colostrum and milk in the initial days of lactation. Colostrum and milk samples were collected from 18 cows representing an even spread of 1st, 2nd and 3rd lactation (n = 6) over the first 6 days of lactation. Samples were subsequently analysed using 1H-NMR. The metabolome of defatted colostrum and milk in the days immediately post parturition was demonstrated to be complex and changed significantly over time. The colostrum was rich in nutrients beneficial for growth and development of the new-born mammal with significantly higher levels of essential branched chain amino acids and choline and orotic acid that decreased in the subsequent days as milk composition evolved to that of regular milk. Multivariate analysis of metabolome profiles using PLS-DA was demonstrated to clearly distinguish between colostrum and subsequent milk samples.
Effects of temperature and heat activation on germination of individual spores of Bacillus subtilis (1999)

Phase intensity changes of individual germinating spores of Bacillus subtilis were determined by phase-contrast light microscopy and image analysis. Two germination phases were investigated. The length of the time period before a change in phase brightness was evident and the duration of the phase intensity change until a constant greylevel was maintained. The incubation temperature (37 and 20 degrees C) and heat activation (10 min at 65 degrees C) had a distinct effect on both phases. At 37 degrees C, spores of B. subtilis 604 started to show a decrease in brightness in L-alanine buffer after 3-39 min and needed 10-39 min to complete the phase change. At 20 degrees C, lag times of 10-100 min were observed and the spores needed 30-100 min to reach a constant greylevel. Heat activation and subsequently exposure to L-alanine buffer at 20 degrees C reduced the lag phase to 6-90 min and the phase change was finished after 30-60 min. Our results indicate enzymatic involvement before and during the phase intensity change of germinating spores.
Gold‐Catalyzed Direct Hydrogenative Coupling of Nitroarenes To Synthesize Aromatic Azo Compounds (2014)

Abstract The azo linkage is a prominent chemical motif which has found numerous applications in materials science, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. Described herein is a sustainable heterogeneous‐gold‐catalyzed synthesis of azo arenes. Available nitroarenes are deoxygenated and linked selectively by the formation of NN bonds using molecular H 2 without any external additives. As a result of a unique and remarkable synergy between the metal and support, a facile surface‐mediated condensation of nitroso and hydroxylamine intermediates is enabled, and the desired transformation proceeds in a highly selective manner under mild reaction conditions. The protocol tolerates a large variety of functional groups and offers a general and versatile method for the environmentally friendly synthesis of symmetric or asymmetric aromatic azo compounds.
The p97 Inhibitor UPCDC-30245 Blocks Endo-Lysosomal Degradation (2022)

The diverse modes of action of small molecule inhibitors provide versatile tools to investigate basic biology and develop therapeutics. However, it remains a challenging task to evaluate their exact mechanisms of action. We identified two classes of inhibitors for the p97 ATPase: ATP competitive and allosteric. We showed that the allosteric p97 inhibitor, UPCDC-30245, does not affect two well-known cellular functions of p97, endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation and the unfolded protein response pathway; instead, it strongly increases the lipidated form of microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3-II), suggesting an alteration of autophagic pathways. To evaluate the molecular mechanism, we performed proteomic analysis of UPCDC-30245 treated cells. Our results revealed that UPCDC-30245 blocks endo-lysosomal degradation by inhibiting the formation of early endosome and reducing the acidity of the lysosome, an effect not observed with the potent p97 inhibitor CB-5083. This unique effect allows us to demonstrate UPCDC-30245 exhibits antiviral effects against coronavirus by blocking viral entry.
Control of Chondrogenic Expression in Mesodermal Cells of Embryonic Chick Limb (1973)

Chick-limb mesodermal cells have been maintained in tissue culture under conditions that permit development of muscle and cartilage. 3-Acetylpyridine, a nicotinamide-antagonized muscle teratogen, potentiates chondrogenic expression in cell cultures, as evidenced by histological and biochemical criteria, including the production of chondromucoprotein. Xylosyltransferase and N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase are two enzymes required for chondromucoprotein synthesis; the specific activities of these enzymes were measured in differentiating mesodermal cells cultured for various periods of time in the presence and absence of 3-acetylpyridine and in intact limb tissue. The ratios of specific enzyme activities were nearly the same in both cultured cells and limb tissue, although the levels of both transferases increased severalfold during chondrogenic expression by mesodermal cells in culture. 3-Acetylpyridine causes the specific activities of xylosyl- and N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases to increase 10- and 2-fold, respectively, above those of untreated cultures. Compared to the ratio of transferase activities in limb tissue and differentiating cell cultures, 3-acetylpyridine appears to increase the activity of xylosyltransferase, the initiator of chondroitin sulfate chain synthesis, more than does N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase; this finding implies that the synthesis of these two enzymes may be separately regulated.
MEDICAL SOCIOLOGY, A SELECTIVE VIEW. By David Mechanic. New York: Free Press, 1968. 504 pp (1970)

Medical Sociology, A Selective View. By David Mechanic. New York: Free Press, 1968. 504 pp Get access Charles V. Willie Charles V. Willie Syracuse University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 1970, Page 438, https://doi.org/10.2307/2574698 Published: 01 March 1970
Perioperative Management of Children with Mucopolysaccharidoses (1993)

*Department of Anesthesiology, Ochsner Clinic and Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, and Department of Anesthesiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana †Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota Address correspondence and reprint requests to James H. Diaz, MD, Ochsner Clinic, 1514 Jefferson Highway, New Orleans, LA 70121. Accepted for publication July 12, 1993.
Synthesis of novel lithium salts with doubly charged anions for secondary batteries; Synthese von Lithiumsalzen mit zweifach geladenen Anionen fuer Sekundaerbatterien (1998)

Lithium salts with doubly charged anions have been prepared from {alpha},{omega}-perfluoro alkanebis(sulfonylfluorides), bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methane, and sodium trifluoromethylsulfonyl(trimethylsilyl) amide; Li{sub 2}[R-(CF{sub 2}){sub n}-R`] with R = SO{sub 2}O, R` = SO{sub 2}NSO{sub 2}CF{sub 3} for 6a (n = 1), R = R` = SO{sub 2}NSO{sub 2}CF{sub 3} 5a (n = 1), R = SO{sub 2}NSO{sub 2}CF{sub 3}, R` = SO{sub 2}C(SO{sub 2}CF{sub 3}){sub 2} for 7a (n = 1) and R = R` = SO{sub 2}C(SO{sub 2}CF{sub 3}){sub 2} for 8a, c (n = 1, 3). The formation and physical properties (conductivity and {sup 19}F NMR) of these compounds are discussed. An X-ray structure analysis (T = 293 K) was performed for the di-caesium hexafluoropropanyl-1,3-bis[sulfonyl-b is(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanide] (15c). (orig.) 26 refs.
Steroid photochemistry. Facile [4 + 2] adduct formation in the photocycloaddition of an enedione to olefins and dienes (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteroid photochemistry. Facile [4 + 2] adduct formation in the photocycloaddition of an enedione to olefins and dienesGeorge R. LenzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 10, 1597–1603Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01324a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01324a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Behavioral Comorbidities in Dextran Sulphate Sodium (DSS) Colitis, an animal model of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2016)

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), which include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis represent a group of incurable lifelong diseases affecting about 0.67% of the Canadian population (2012) and severely impacts the health‐related quality of life through ongoing debilitating symptoms like pain, gastrointestinal dysfunction as well as behavioral comorbidities like anxiety, depression, fatigue and cognitive impairment. Depression and anxiety are prevalent in individuals with IBD at a rate that outpaces the general population thereby substantially increasing the burden of the disease, as well as economic cost of managing it. Although clinical surveys and population studies have established a strong relation between IBD, depression and anxiety disorders, our knowledge of CNS changes is limited. We therefore investigated these comorbidities in a mice model of IBD with similarities to Ulcerative colitis, caused by administration of Dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 5 days. In male and female mice, DSS treatment caused increased increased brain excitability, revealed by a decrease in seizure onset times after intraperitoneal administration of 25mg/kg body weight of Kainic acid; this was positively correlated with the intensity of inflammation only in males. Moreover, both sexes showed an increased anxiety‐related behavior on the elevated plus‐maze (EPM). We assessed pain levels, because they may influence behavioral response; only male mice were hyperalgesic when tested on the hotplate for thermal pain sensitivity indicating that altered behavioral responses cannot be entirely attributed to an interference with a movement brought about by pain. Further studies mapping the CNS pathways integral to the above changes will reveal novel mechanisms as to how peripheral inflammation results in changes in central immune‐mediated affective behaviors. Support or Funding Information This work is supported by Alberta Innovates‐Health Solutions (AI‐HS) and Canadian Institutes of Health Research team grants, and by the Hotchkiss Brain Institute and AI‐HS personnel support awards.
Opportunities for ultra‐high resolution analysis of essential oils using comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography: a review (2003)

Abstract In comprehensive 2D gas chromatography, the entire sample is simultaneously subjected to analysis on two capillary columns. By using a suitable modulation interface between the primary and secondary columns, hundreds of fast, second‐dimension chromatograms are produced. The data from these chromatograms are treated such that a 3D surface plot or a 2D contour plot of the components' individual retention times, on each column, as well as peak responses, are represented. In a properly tuned comprehensive 2D chromatogram, the individual sample components are spread throughout a 2D separation space, providing a signiﬁcant increase in the probability of resolving a greater number of sample components without increasing the analysis time. Comprehensive 2D–GC has proved useful for high‐resolution conventional essential oil analysis as well as high‐resolution enantioselective essential oil analysis. Combining comprehensive 2D–GC with either a quadrupole or time‐of‐ﬂight mass spectrometer gives a powerful 3D analysis technique, which is extremely effective for complex sample analysis. The present status and opportunities arising from these ultra‐high resolution approaches are discussed herein. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Two-dimensional modeling of the back amorphous-crystalline silicon heterojunction (BACH) photovoltaic device (2010)

Back Amorphous-Crystalline Silicon Heterojunction (BACH)1 solar cell can be fabricated using low temperature processes while integrating high efficiency features of heterojunction silicon solar cells and back-contact homojunction solar cells. This article presents a two-dimensional modeling study of the BACH cell concept. A parametric study of the BACH cell has been carried out using Sentaurus after benchmarking the software. A detailed model describing the optical generation is defined. Solar cell efficiency of 24.4% is obtained for AM 1.5 global spectrum with V<i><sub>OC</sub></i> of greater than 720 <i>mV</i> and <i>J<sub>SC</sub></i> exceeding 40 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, considering realistic surface passivation quality and other dominant recombination processes.