gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solid pharmaceuticals: Analysis and identification by solid state carbon-13 NMR (1992)

This thesis describes two studies of solid pharmaceuticals by $\sp{13}$C solid-state NMR. The first study involved measuring the methyl activation energies of four different 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors and then comparing the NMR data to temperature factor data obtained from single crystal x-ray diffraction. X-ray data revealed that the butanoate side-chain common to all four compounds is extremely disordered. The disorder was greater in the two compounds containing two 2$\sp\prime$-methyl substituents in the side-chain. The activation energy values showed a general trend; 4$\sp\prime < 2\sp\prime$-methyl $<$ 3-methyl $<$ 7-methyl. The results indicated that there is some correlation between the NMR data and the x-ray data. Secondly, the study of three different tableted dosage forms by $\sp{13}$C solid-state NMR is described. The drugs studied were prednisolone, enalapril maleate, and drug X (proprietary information). These studies showed that $\sp{13}$C solid-state NMR is useful for (1) the determination of polymorphs within the tableted forms and (2) that the interrupted decoupling pulse sequence is useful in enhancing the signals due to drugs while eliminating the excipient peaks. Elimination of excipient peaks allowed for the observation of $\sim$5% drug in a tablet. These experiments illustrate that solid-state $\sp{13}$C NMR is a powerful analytical technique for pharmaceutical solids in tableted dosage forms.
Motor program memory storage in Parkinson's disease patients tested with a delayed response task (1994)

We used a delayed response paradigm to test the hypothesis that the prolonged reaction time in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is related to a deficiency in their ability to store a motor program in memory while waiting to move. PD patients, both on and off medication, were compared with age-matched normal subjects during arm movements directed toward a target light. The target light was displayed either during a 3- to 9-s delay or for only 1 s followed by a 2- to 8-s delay before the go signal. At the end of the delay, subjects were required to begin movement rapidly. The reaction time of PD patients was longer than normal and increased slightly when the patients were off medication. The patients had no excessive increase in reaction time with delay in either task compared with the control subjects. We conclude that patients with PD can hold a motor program in memory storage for at least 8 s.
Advanced centrifugal contactor development (1988)

As part of the Consolidated Fuel Reprocessing Program (CFRP) of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), compact centrifugal contactors were designed and prototypes were built for the Breeder Reprocessing Engineering Test (BRET) facility. These contactors were designed for a nominal throughput of 0.1 metric tons of heavy metal per day. While construction of BRET has been put on indefinite hold, development of the 5.5-cm-diam rotor centrifugal contactors has advanced due to their broad applicability in other areas of reprocessing. Development has been concentrated in three areas: (1) mass transfers, (2) hydraulics, and (3) fabrication. Mass transfer development has involved determining how the stage efficiency is affected by the rotor speed, phase ratio, and feed flow rate. Hydraulic efforts have focused on the cascade operation with individual stage failures. Fabrication development has resulted in reducing the number of rotor components from seven to four. This paper discusses the results of these development efforts. 20 refs., 10 figs., 6 tabs.
Optimal Scheduling ofLarge Hydrothermal PowerSystems (1985)

In thispaperwe present a new algorithm tofind theoptimal unitcommitment andeconomicdispatch (UC/D) foralarge hydrothermal powersystem. Mathematically, this isa large nonlinear, mixedinteger optimization problem involving over16,800 integer variables fora systemhaving 100thermal units witha 1-weekscheduling horizon. We use a dualprogramming approach tosolve a separate optimal control problem foreachthermal unitandforeachsetof coupled hydro units. Thealgorithm hasbeentested on a 100 thermal unit/6 hydro unitsystem having a 168-hour schedul¬ ingperiod, andwill findsolutions that arewithin 0.1to0.25 percent oftheoptimal dualcost.We report computational results forasystem modeled after theNewYorkPowerPool.
Internal Methane Reforming High Temperature Proton Conductor (HTPC) Fuel Cells (2011)

High temperature proton conductor (HTPC) based fuel cells directly fed with methane mixtures were investigated. Doped barium zirconate was chosen as electrolyte because of its good chemical stability in CO2 and H2O containing atmosphere. The sintering temperature of doped barium zirconate was decreased down to 1350 °C by doping with 1wt. % ZnO. A co-pressing method was used for fabricating anode supported single cell. Flat and reproducible bottom cell of NiO BZYZn / BZYZn / LSCF were produced. OCV measurements, I-V curves, and impedance spectra were recorded in the 600-700 °C temperature range The addition of carbon dioxide to methane improved SOFC stability by suppressing coking in Ni anodes.
Abstract TP319: Duplex Assisted Carotid Artery Stenting Without Administration of Contrast Media (2017)

Background: Conventional carotid artery stenting (CAS) with administration of contrast media carries a risk of adverse reactions such as contrast media-induced nephropathy or an allergic reaction. Objective We aimed to present a novel technique, that is, duplex-assisted CAS without administration of contrast media and validate its safety and feasibility. Methods: Fifteen patients with severe carotid stenosis (≥70 %) associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (stage ≥3) or allergy to contrast media underwent duplex-assisted CAS without administration of contrast media. The embolic protection device (EPD) placed in the common carotid artery (CCA) was clearly visible on the longitudinal section (Fig. A) and was then advanced into the internal carotid artery (ICA) by duplex-guidance (Fig. B). When starting the delivery of the stent, the position of the distal stent end is confirmed by duplex monitoring (Fig. C). Postdilatation was performed after the stent (Fig. D arrowheads) deployment if enough expansion of the carotid artery was not achieved. Adequate stent position (Fig. E arrowheads) and technical success was confirmed by duplex images and intravascular ultrasound (Fig. F). Conventional CAS was also performed in 165 patients and used as the control group. Results: The technical success rate was 100 % in duplex-assisted CAS group. Combined stroke or death rates during the post-procedural period did not differ significantly between the duplex assisted CAS group (0/15, 0 %) and conventional CAS group (4/165, 2.4 %). None of the 14 patients with CKD in the duplex-assisted CAS group experienced further deterioration of renal function. Conclusion: This method seemed to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with CKD or an allergy to contrast media. The most important factor for the indication of duplex-assisted CAS was to obtain the clear visualization of the luminal narrowing with minimal calcification on the longitudinal section of the duplex ultrasonography.
Deep Direct-Use Geothermal: Development of a Demand Side Model for the Hawthorne Nevada Area. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusually Lewis Basic Proazaphosphatranes. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Some Issues in Vibrator Data Processing (1985)

Recent improvements in vibrator control, such as the use of phase and amplitude control of ground force, require that some of the issues relating to vibrator data processing be reviewed. One central issue concerns the polarity of processed vibrator data as compared to processed dynamite data. At the field processing stage, alternate methods of correlation that include conventional zero-phase correlation, zero-phase inverse filtering, and minimum-phase inverse filtering are compared to determine their compatability with subsequent steps of wavelet estimation and inverse filtering or deconvolution. This issue is shown to be of particular importance when nonlinear sweeps are used. Conventional correlation is shown to be responsible for causing deconvolution to induce different phase shifts on the data when different spectral pre-emphasis sweeps or methods are used. Techniques for avoiding this problem are reviewed.
SEMCOG (1997)

2 SEMCOG Approach We argue that image retrieval based on either approach alone is not sufficient in terms of modeling and query specification flexibility y. We also argue that a visual query interface which is capability of visualizing target images is essential. SEMCOG[l] (SEMantics and COGnitionbased image retrieval) aims at integrating semautics and cognition-based approaches to give users a greater flexibility to pose queries. SEMCOG’S image matching is based on objects in the images rather than the whole images. In SEMCOG, a query “Retrieve all images in which there is a man to the right of a car and the man looks like this image” can be posed using combinations of semantics and visual expressions. The queries are posed in the way of specifying image objects and their layouts using a visual query interface, IFQ (In Frame Query), rather than complicated multimedia database query languages. The user’s query can be simplified as a mental model shown at the top of Figure 1. She then specifies her mental model using IFQ using combinations of visual examples or semantics. IFQ window shows a query “Retrieve
Characterization of the beta-adrenergic receptor of the rat peritoneal macrophage. (1985)

Abstract The beta-adrenergic receptor was characterized on BCG-activated rat peritoneal macrophage membranes by radio-ligand binding studies. Saturable binding with [125I]iodocyanopindolol (125I-ICYP) was demonstrated. With Scatchard analysis, rat macrophages demonstrate approximately 1000 receptors per cell with a Kd of 5 X 10(-11) M for 125I-ICYP. Competition curves with (-) and (+) propranolol at concentrations below 10(-6) M confirmed stereospecificity. The potency of various ligands to compete for 125I-ICYP binding sites followed the order: propranolol greater than isoproterenol greater than epinephrine greater than norepinephrine with apparent Kd of 2.0 X 10(-9), 3.9 X 10(-7), 1.0 X 10(-5), and 2.5 X 10(-5) M, respectively. Isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was two-fold above basal activity. The potential physiologic significance of a beta-adrenergic receptor on rat peritoneal macrophages was suggested by a dose-dependent decrease in phagocytosis of soluble, model immune complexes (aggregated gamma-globulin) by macrophages incubated with metaproterenol. We conclude that the rat macrophage has a beta-adrenergic receptor and that catecholamines may thereby modulate macrophage function.
A new load-sharing matrix switch (1961)

A NEW WINDING PATTERN for load-sharing matrix switches which requires fewer independent windings on each transformer has been developed. This reduction in the number of windings on each transformer permits higher speeds, larger size switches, smaller size switch cores, simplified winding techniques, and more freedom in the selection of turns ratios.
Design and synthesis of three-dimensional porous diamondoid frameworks by co-crystallization (2017)

Design of porous organic cage-cage cocrystals are extremely challenging, because there are no directional bonds like hydrogen bond, halogen bond and coordination covalent bonds (MOFs) associated with organic cages[1&2].This work highlights the design and synthesis of multicomponent molecular cage-cage crystals without hydrogen bonds.A family of organic cages is identified later crystal engineering design principles[3] are applied and made design strategy robust by synthesizing, racemic and quasi racemic binary cage-cage cocrystals.Later, ternary and quaternary cage-cage cocrystals are synthesized.Cage-cage cocrystal design strategy hinges on concept of hetero chiral molecular recognition of organic cages which leads to widow-to-window and/or widow-to-arene crystal packing.1,4-Dioxane played crucial role in switching crystal packing in quaternary (first quaternary in porous organic cage-cage cocrystal) cage-cage cocrystals and showed substantial gas sorption.In crystallographic point of view resultant quasi racemic binary cage-cage cocrystal retains crystal packing same as one of the native cage crystal packing and it shows more gas sorption.[1]
Nucleophilic substitution at silicon: evidence for a parallel with addition reactions to α,β ethylenic ketones (1977)

The relationship between the stereochemistry of nucleophilic substitution at Si–O and Si–F bonds and the electronic character of the attacking nucleophile (Bu2iAlH, LiAlH4, LiAlH4–4CuI, EtLi, EtMgBr, and Et2CuMgBr) has been studied; those reagents which favour 1,2-addition to α-enones react with retention of configuration, whereas those which favour 1,4-addition to α-enones react with inversion.
Comment on Adam et al. Metformin Effect on Nontargeted Metabolite Profiles in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and in Multiple Murine Tissues. Diabetes 2016;65:3776–3785 (2017)

We read with interest the recent article by Adam et al. (1) suggesting an action of metformin on citrulline metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study provides compelling evidence that metformin treatment is associated with a decrease in plasma citrulline in these patients and also in multiple tissues in diabetic mice. The authors speculate that high citrulline may be associated with insulin resistance, and the accompanying commentary (2) questioned whether a metformin-mediated decrease in citrullinemia may be involved in metformin’s mechanism of action. We would like to draw attention on some aspects of citrulline’s properties.

First, in terms of citrulline concentration, the study by Adam et al. (1 …
High-efficiency quantum state engineering (2009)

Efficiently creating optical quantum states, both simple (e.g., pure single-photon states) and complex (e.g., polarization-entangled but spectrally unentangled photon pairs), remains an experimental challenge. We report on a novel method that allows for efficiently preparing certain classes of states: by weakly driving repeated downconversion in a cavity, we can pseudo-deterministically add photons to a state, preparing Fock states of definite photon number. We discuss expected performance and experimental limitations, including the difficulty of creating pure photons at a high rate. Additionally, we report on our progress in engineering high-rate spatio-spectrally unentangled downconversion, a key technology for optical quantum information processing, and propose a novel 4-photon experimental scheme to test the intrinsic indistinguishability of the photons from this source.
Cascaded estimation architecture for integration of foot-mounted inertial sensors (2008)

An algorithm for integrating foot-mounted inertial sensor platforms is presented. The proposed integration scheme is based on a cascaded estimation architecture. A lower Kalman filter is used to estimate the step-wise change of position and direction of one or optionally both feet respectively. These estimates are used in turn as measurements in an upper particle filter, which is able to incorporate nonlinear map-matching techniques. To ease the integration of both feet a simple mechanical pedestrian model is developed. The proposed algorithm is verified using computer simulations and experimental data.
Recent Update on Neurosurgical Management of Brain Metastasis (2022)

Brain metastasis (BM), classified as a secondary brain tumor, is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor whose median overall survival is approximately 6 months. However, the survival rate of patients with BMs has increased with recent advancements in immunotherapy and targeted therapy. This means that clinicians should take a more active position in the treatment paradigm that passively treats BMs. Because patients with BM are treated in a variety of clinical settings, treatment planning requires a more sophisticated decision-making process than that for other primary malignancies. Therefore, an accurate prognostic prediction is essential, for which a graded prognostic assessment that reflects next-generation sequencing can be helpful. It is also essential to understand the indications for various treatment modalities, such as surgical resection, stereotactic radiosurgery, and whole-brain radiotherapy and consider their advantages and disadvantages when choosing a treatment plan. Surgical resection serves a limited auxiliary function in BM, but it can be an essential therapeutic approach for increasing the survival rate of specific patients; therefore, this must be thoroughly recognized during the treatment process. The ultimate goal of surgical resection is maximal safe resection; to this end, neuronavigation, intraoperative neuro-electrophysiologic assessment including evoked potential, and the use of fluorescent materials could be helpful. In this review, we summarize the considerations for neurosurgical treatment in a rapidly changing treatment environment.
REFINED SIMULATION OF SOLITARY PLUNGING BREAKER BY CMPS METHOD (2008)

As a meshfree particle method, the Moving Particle Semi-implicit (MPS) method is ideally suited for simulating the complicated behaviour of water surface with fragmentation. In this paper, the original formulations of MPS method are revisited from the view point of momentum conservation. Modifications and corrections are made to ensure the momentum conservation in a particle-based calculation of viscous incompressible free-surface flows. The excellent performance of Corrected MPS (CMPS) method in the exact (and nearly exact) conservation of linear (and angular) momentum is shown by a simple numerical test. The CMPS method is then applied to the simulation of wave breaking and post-breaking. Refined simulation of a solitary plunging breaker and resultant splash-up is demonstrated through comparisons with experiment. A tensor-type strain-based viscosity is also proposed for further enhanced CMPS reproduction of splash-up.
Promoting sustainable print behavior (2013)

We have designed the Personal Assessment Tool (PAT) to promote more sustainable print behaviour in a corporate work environment. Therefore, PAT provides its users with ambient awareness on their printing habits. We have experimented PAT in our research centre and describe this experiment along with our findings and observations. PAT definitely motivated the participating users to change their print behaviour. Nevertheless it also highlighted the constrained aspects of printing in a work environment calling for organizational changes of established work processes.
Association of a novel human FE65-like protein with the cytoplasmic domain of the beta-amyloid precursor protein. (1996)

We identified a novel human homologue of the rat FE65 gene, hFE65L, by screening the cytoplasmic domain of beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta PP) with the "interaction trap." The cytoplasmic domains of the beta PP homologues, APLP1 and APLP2 (amyloid precursor-like proteins), were also tested for interaction with hFE65L. APLP2, but not APLP1, was found to interact with hFE65L. We confirmed these interactions in vivo by successfully coimmunoprecipatating endogenous beta PP and APLP2 from mammalian cells overexpressing a hemagglutinin-tagged fusion of the C-terminal region of hFE65L. We report the existence of a human FE65 gene family and evidence supporting specific interactions between members of the beta PP and FE65 protein families. Sequence analysis of the FE65 human gene family reveals the presence of two phosphotyrosine interaction (PI) domains. Our data show that a single PI domain is sufficient for binding of hFE65L to the cytoplasmic domain of beta PP and APLP2. The PI domain of the protein, Shc, is known to interact with the NPXYp motif found in the cytoplasmic domain of a number of different growth factor receptors. Thus, it is likely that the PI domains present in the C-terminal moiety of the hFE65L protein bind the NPXY motif located in the cytoplasmic domain of beta PP and APLP2.
Angiogenesis and Endothelial Cell Repair in Renal Disease and Allograft Rejection (2006)

This review discusses the concept that the turnover and replacement of endothelial cells is a major mechanism in the maintenance of vascular integrity within the kidney. CD133+CD34+KDR+ endothelial cell progenitor cells emigrate from the bone marrow and differentiate into CD34+KDR+ expressing cells, which are present in high numbers within the circulation. These progenitor cells are available for recruitment into normal or inflamed tissues to facilitate endothelial cell repair. In several forms of renal disease, proinflammatory insults mediate oxidative stress, senescence, and sloughing of endothelial cells. A lack of growth factors or an inefficient recruitment of endothelial cell progenitors results in hypoxic tissue injury and accelerates the process of chronic renal failure. Augmentation of vascular repair by the provision of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor or by the transfer of progenitor cells directly into the kidney can be protective and prevent ongoing interstitial damage. In allografts, persistent injury results in excessive turnover of graft vascular endothelial cells. Moreover, chronic damage elicits a response that is associated with the recruitment of both leukocytes and endothelial cell progenitors, facilitating an overlapping process of inflammation and angiogenesis. Because the angiogenesis reaction itself is proinflammatory, this process becomes self-sustaining. Collectively, these data indicate that angiogenesis and endothelial cell turnover are important in renal inflammatory processes and allograft rejection. Manipulation of the response may have therapeutic implications to protect against injury and chronic disease processes.
Regulation of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression by Phosphatidate Phosphohydrolase in Human Amnionic WISH Cells (1999)

Prostaglandins are known to play a key role in the initiation of labor in humans, but the mechanisms governing their synthesis in amnion are largely unknown. In this study, we have examined the regulatory pathways for prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production during protein kinase C-dependent activation of human WISH cells. In these cells, PGE(2) synthesis appears to be limited not by free arachidonic acid availability but by the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Concomitant with the cells being able to synthesize and secrete PGE(2), we detected significant elevations of both COX-2 protein and mRNA levels. Specific inhibition of COX-2 by NS-398 totally ablated PGE(2) synthesis. All of these responses were found to be strikingly dependent on an active phosphatidate phosphohydrolase 1 (PAP-1). Inhibition of PAP-1 activity by three different strategies (i.e. use of bromoenol lactone, propranolol, and ethanol) resulted in inhibition of COX-2 expression and hence of PGE(2) production. These data unveil a novel signaling mechanism for the regulation of PGE(2) production via regulation of COX-2 expression and implicate phosphatidate phosphohydrolase 1 as a key regulatory component of eicosanoid metabolic pathways in the amnion.