gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
2-HYDROXYOESTRADIOL INHIBITS PROLACTIN RELEASE FROM THE SUPERFUSED RAT PITUITARY GLAND (1981)

The effects of 2-hydroxyoestradiol (2OH-OE2), dopamine, oestradiol-17 beta and 2OH-OE2 plus dopamine on prolactin and LH release from the male rat pituitary gland were examined in vitro. 2-Hydroxyoestradiol reduced prolactin secretion by 51% at 10(-10) mol/l and by 34% at 10(-7) mol/l, while oestradiol-17 beta had no effect at these doses. Dopamine alone (5 x 10(-7) mol/l) decreased prolactin released by 58%, 2OH-OE2 plus dopamine produced a similar inhibition of 60%. No significant effect on LH release was observed throughout.
Homology-independent multiallelic disruption via CRISPR/Cas9-based knock-in yields distinct functional outcomes in human cells (2018)

Multiallelic gene disruption could be readily introduced through CRISPR/Cas9-induced homology-independent knock-in of dual fluorescence reporters followed by direct tracing and cell isolation. Robust cellular mechanisms exist to spare essential genes from loss-of-function modifications, by generating partially functional transcripts through diverse DNA and RNA processing mechanisms.
Vertical transmission of attaching and invasive E. coli from the dam to neonatal mice predisposes to more severe colitis following exposure to a colitic insult later in life (2022)

The gastrointestinal microbiota begins to be acquired at birth and continually matures through early adolescence. Despite the relevance for gut health, few studies have evaluated the impact of pathobiont colonization of neonates on the severity of colitis later in life. LF82 is an adherent invasive E. coli strain associated with ileal Crohn's disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the severity of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice following E. coli LF82 colonization. Gnotobiotic mice harboring the altered Schaedler flora (ASF) were used as the model. While E. coli LF82 is neither adherent nor invasive, it was been demonstrated that adult ASF mice colonized with E. coli LF82 develop more severe DSS-induced colitis compared to control ASF mice treated with DSS. Therefore, we hypothesized that E. coli LF82 colonization of neonatal ASF mice would reduce the severity of DSS-induced inflammation compared to adult ASF mice colonized with E. coli LF82. To test this hypothesis, adult ASF mice were colonized with E. coli LF82 and bred to produce offspring (LF82N) that were vertically colonized with LF82. LF82N and adult-colonized (LF82A) mice were given 2.0% DSS in drinking water for seven days to trigger colitis. More severe inflammatory lesions were observed in the LF82N + DSS mice when compared to LF82A + DSS mice, and were characterized as transmural in most of the LF82N + DSS mice. Colitis was accompanied by secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, IL-17) and specific mRNA transcripts within the colonic mucosa. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, LF82 colonization did not induce significant changes in the ASF community; however, minimal changes in spatial redistribution by fluorescent in situ hybridization were observed. These results suggest that the age at which mice were colonized with E. coli LF82 pathobiont differentially impacted severity of subsequent colitic events.
Nonlinear acoustics of phase conjugate ultrasound beams (2005)

International audience
Mode of action of the systemic fungicides furalaxyl, metalaxyl and ofurace (1982)

Abstract The systemic fungicides furalaxyl, metalaxyl and ofurace, Ofurace is the proposed BSI and ISO common name for α‐(2‐chloro‐ N ‐2,6‐xylylacetamido)‐γ‐butyrolactone. used to control diseases caused by phycomycetes, were extremely active in vitro against Pythium ultimum, Phytophthora nicotianae and Phytophthora palmivora . Sporangia production was reduced more than mycelial growth but germination of sporangia and zoospores was relatively unaffected. Less than 1% of the metalaxyl or furalaxyl, present in media at the ED 50 for hyphal growth, was firmly absorbed by Phyt. palmivora mycelium; uptake was against a concentration gradient and was characterised by a rapid accumulation followed by a more gradual release. Respiration and wall synthesis were not inhibited, whilst membrane permeability was unaffected. Lipid patterns were altered but these changes were probably of secondary importance. The fungicides inhibited protein and nucleic acid synthesis; RNA production was particularly affected. There was some evidence of a reduction in nuclear division. The primary effect of furalaxyl and metalaxyl probably involves impaired biosynthesis of RNA so that mitosis is inhibited; ofurace may act in the same way.
Enhancement of medical images in an Atanassov's't intuitionistic fuzzy domain using an alternative intuitionistic fuzzy generator with application to image segmentation (2014)

This paper presents a novel approach for intuitionistic fuzzy medical image enhancement using an alternative intuitionistic fuzzy generator and its advantage in segmentation for detecting/extracting abnormal lesions or blood vessels in medical images. The method constructs an intuitionistic fuzzy image using a proposed intuitionistic fuzzy generator that contains a parameter, ‘lambda’. Optimal value of ‘lambda’ is obtained by maximizing intuitionistic fuzzy entropy. Then contrast intensifier is applied to the intuitionistic fuzzy image to obtain an enhanced image. The method shows an improved contrast of vaguely illuminated structures in medical images which has been proved quantitatively and experimentally. Also the enhanced image using the proposed method segments/extracts abnormal lesions or extracts blood vessels almost accurately. Experimental results show that the proposed method performs better than the existing non-fuzzy/fuzzy/Intuitionistic fuzzy methods with respect to enhancement and segmentation.
Isotopic Exchange in Porous and Dense Magnesium Borohydride (2015)

Magnesium borohydride (Mg(BH4)2) is one of the most promising complex hydrides presently studied for energy-related applications. Many of its properties depend on the stability of the BH4(-) anion. The BH4(-) stability was investigated with respect to H→D exchange. In situ Raman measurements on high-surface-area porous Mg(BH4 )2 in 0.3 MPa D2 have shown that the isotopic exchange at appreciable rates occurs already at 373 K. This is the lowest exchange temperature observed in stable borohydrides. Gas-solid isotopic exchange follows the BH4(-) +D˙ →BH3D(-) +H˙ mechanism at least at the initial reaction steps. Ex situ deuteration of porous Mg(BH4)2 and its dense-phase polymorph indicates that the intrinsic porosity of the hydride is the key behind the high isotopic exchange rates. It implies that the solid-state H(D) diffusion is considerably slower than the gas-solid H→D exchange reaction at the surface and it is a rate-limiting steps for hydrogen desorption and absorption in Mg(BH4)2.
Progressive cardiac dysfunction with repeated pacing-induced ischemia: protection by AICA-riboside (1991)

The effects of repeated episodes of demand-induced ischemia on regional myocardial wall thickening, endocardial electrogram, and regional myocardial blood flow are not well delineated. We studied the cumulative effects of six periods of pacing-induced ischemia in 35 chloralose-anesthetized dogs with circumflex coronary stenosis. Repetitive ischemia of the posterior left ventricular free wall was induced with six 5-min pacing periods separated by 15-min recovery periods. The three groups of dogs studied were 1) saline control, 2) the purine precursor 5-aminoimidazole 4-carboxamide riboside (AICA-r), and 3) nitroglycerin (NTG). During the initial pacing period (before treatment), thickening of the posterior wall declined in the saline group (43 +/- 5% of control), the AICA-r group (47 +/- 8% of control), and the NTG group (55 +/- 3% of control), associated with endocardial S-T segment elevation and a decrease in subendocardial blood flow. Wall thickening continued to decrease in each group with each successive pacing episode. However, during the sixth pacing period wall thickening was significantly (P less than 0.05) less in the saline group (2 +/- 5% of control) than in the AICA-r (31 +/- 7% of control) or NTG (61 +/- 7% of control) group. The progressive decline in wall thickening was accompanied by a further decrease in subendocardial blood flow and a rise in S-T segment in the saline group but not in the AICA-r or NTG group (P less than 0.05). These results demonstrate that sequential periods of ischemia and reperfusion cause a progressive decline in regional wall motion, coincident with a progressive decrease in subendocardial blood flow.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sustained NF‐κB activation produces a short‐term cell proliferation block in conjunction with repressing effectors of cell cycle progression controlled by E2F or FoxM1 (2008)

NF-kappaB transcription factors induce a host of genes involved in pro-inflammatory/stress-like responses; but the collateral effects and consequences of sustained NF-kappaB activation on other cellular gene expression programming remain less well understood. Here enforced expression of a constitutively active IKKbeta T-loop mutant (IKKbetaca) drove murine fibroblasts into transient growth arrest that subsided within 2-3 weeks of continuous culture. Proliferation arrest was associated with a G1/S phase block in immortalized and primary early passage MEFs. Molecular analysis in immortalized MEFs revealed that inhibition of cell proliferation in the initial 1-2 weeks after their IKKbetaca retroviral infection was linked to the transient, concerted repression of essential cell cycle effectors that are known targets of either E2F or FoxM1. Co-expression of a phosphorylation resistant IkappaBalpha super repressor and IKKbetaca abrogated growth arrest and cell cycle effector repression, thereby linking IKKbetaca's effects to canonical NF-kappaB activation. Transient growth arrest of IKKbetaca cells was associated with enhanced p21 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A) protein expression, due in part to transcriptional activation by NF-kappaB and also likely due to strong repression of Skp2 and Csk1, both of which are FoxM1 direct targets mediating proteasomal dependent p21 turnover. Ablation of p21 in immortalized MEFs reduced their IKKbetaca mediated growth suppression. Moreover, trichostatin A inhibition of HDACs alleviated the repression of E2F and FoxM1 targets induced by IKKbetaca, suggesting chromatin mediated gene silencing in IKKbetaca's short term repressive effects on E2F and FoxM1 target gene expression.
Performance Evaluation of Silicon Drift Detectors for a Precision X-ray Spectroscopy of Kaonic Helium-3 (2011)

We are preparing Silicon Drift Detecters (SDDs) for a precision spectroscopy of kaonic helium-3 3d→2p x-rays (∼6.2 keV) at J-PARC (E17, DAY-1). Since we need to operate SDDs and their preamplifiers in a cryogenic system, their low-temperature behavior was investigated. The optimal operational temperatures were found to be 110 - 130 K and over 270 K for SDDs and preamplifiers, respectively. In such condition, energy resolution is around 150 eV (FWHM) with 5.9 keV x-rays and time resolution is around 400 ns (FWHM). We also investigated the effect of different incident angles to verify our calibration method in E17. Although response function depends on incident angle, Mn Ka peak positions differ at most 0.5 eV equivalent. Further basic studies of SDDs are ongoing toward the physics run planned in 2011.
QTL mapping of thrips resistance in pepper (2015)

A QTL for thrips resistance on pepper chromosome 6 was identified and validated. This QTL affects thrips larval development and explains 50% of the variation. Thrips is one of the most damaging pests in pepper (Capsicum). Resistance to thrips was identified in Capsicum annuum. This study was aimed at the elucidation of the genetic background of thrips resistance in Capsicum through QTL mapping. The QTL analysis was carried out for Frankliniella occidentalis resistance in an F2 population consisting of 196 plants derived from an interspecific cross between the highly resistant C. annuum AC 1979 as female parent and the highly susceptible C. chinense 4661 as male parent. Fifty-seven SSR, 109 AFLP, and 5 SNP markers were used to construct a genetic map with a total length of 1636 cM. Damage caused by larvae and the survival of first and second instar larval stages observed in a no-choice test were used as parameters of resistance. Interval mapping detected one QTL for each of these parameters, all co-localizing near the same marker on chromosome 6. Use of this marker as co-factor in a multiple-QTL mapping analysis failed to uncover any additional QTLs. This QTL explained about 50% of the genetic variation, and the resistance allele of this QTL was inherited from the resistant parent. Thrips resistance was not linked to trichome density.
Metallurgical coatings and thin films 1992 : proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films, San Diego, CA, U.S.A., April 6-10, 1992 (1992)

Abbreviated. VOLUME I. Coatings for Use at High Temperatures. Coatings to resist high-temperature corrosion (4 papers). Coatings to resist wear at high temperatures (3 papers). Thermal barrier coatings (5 papers). Coatings for composites used at high temperature (1 paper). Coatings for use at high temperatures (poster session) (one paper). Hard Coatings and Vapor Deposition Technology. PVD technology I: Plasma and magnetic field characterizations (2 papers). PVD technology II: Material and corrosion properties (3 papers). PVD technology III: Sputter, arc, and hybrid methods (5 papers). PVD technology IV: Residual stress and metal cutting (4 papers). CVD technology I: Hard coatings (4 papers). CVD technology II: OMCVD and fluidized bed CVD (6 papers). PVD technology V: Multilayer and multicomponent coatings (7 papers). PVD technology VI: Alternative approaches (5 papers). PVD technology VII: Metallic films (3 papers). Hard coatings and vapor deposition technology (poster session) (5 papers). Diamond and Related Materials. Synthesis, characterization and applications of cubic boron nitride (2 papers). Synthesis and characterization of diamond and related materials (5 papers). Scale-up and industrial applications of diamond and related materials (4 papers). Diamond and related materials (poster session) (2 papers). Tribological Coatings/Surface Modifications. Reduction of friction through coatings/surface modifications (5 papers). Wear resistance of ceramic, metallic, and composite coatings (12 papers). Coating resistance to erosion, corrosion, and severe environments (4 papers). Analysis, modeling, and micromechanical testing of tribological coatings (2 papers). Tribological properties of diamond, diamond-like, and c-BN coatings (3 papers). Tribological coatings/surface modifications (poster session) (1 paper). Optical Films and High Throughput Processing. Novel deposition process (1 paper). Manufacturing Processes and Equipment Applications. Surface modification methods (1 paper). Applications (3 papers). Author index. Subject index. VOLUME II. Thin Films for Microelectronics. VLSI devices: deposition, processing, and properties (4 papers). Metals for interconnects (1 paper). Sensors (1 paper). Deposition techniques (11 papers). Thin films for microelectronics (poster session) (3 papers). Diamond and Related Materials. Electronic and optical applications of diamond and related materials (2 papers). Tribological Coatings/Surface Modifications. Mechanical properties on the atomic scale (1 paper). Superconducting Films. High Tc superconducting films (3 papers). Advances in Coating and Thin Film Characterization. Microstructure and buried interfaces (6 papers). Surface and thin film analysis methods (6 papers). Nondestructive characterization techniques (6 papers). Mechanical properties and film adhesion (5 papers).
A multiresolution hierarchical approach to image segmentation based on intensity extrema (1990)

A computer algorithm which segments gray-scale images into regions of interest (objects) has been developed. These regions can provide the basis for scene analysis (including shape-parameter calculation) or surface-based, shaded-graphics display. The algorithm creates a tree structure for image description by defining a linking relationship between pixels in successively blurred versions of the initial image. The image is described in terms of nested light and dark regions. This algorithm, successfully implemented in one, two, and three dimensions, can theoretically work with any number of dimensions. The interactive postprocessing developed technique selects regions from the descriptive tree for display in several ways: pointing to a branch of the image description tree, specifying by sliders the range of scale and/or intensity of all regions which should be displayed, and pointing (on the original image) to any pixel in the desired region. The algorithm has been applied to approximately 15 computer tomography (CT) images of the abdomen.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Combined time-wavelength interrogation of fiber-Bragg gratings based on an optical time-domain reflectometry (2008)

A reflectometric method for the combined time-wavelength multiplexing of the fiber-Bragg-grating (FBG) signals is proposed. The method is based on the spectral filtering of the probe pulses generated by a fiber-optic reflectometer using a bandpass filter consisting of a fiber circulator and FBG. The interrogated Bragg gratings are recorded on a fiber line in groups with identical resonance wavelengths inside groups and different wavelengths from different groups. The separation of the signals of FBGs that have different resonance wavelengths is due to the tuning of the filter passband, and the separation of the signals of FBGs with identical wavelengths involves the time separation of the responses of the Bragg gratings to the probe pulse. The threshold sensitivity of the method in the measurement of the relative elongation of FBG is 0.5 × 10−4. The considerable practical prospects of the method are related to its simplicity, reliability, and the application of the conventional reflectometric equipment.
ChemInform Abstract: DISSOZIATION VON LA2O2S (1974)

Abstract Die Reaktionsenthalpien, Sauerstoff‐ und Schwefeldampfdrüclre für verschiedene mögliche thermische Dissoziationsreaktionen von LazOzS werden berechnet.
Enhanced DME Carrier Phase: Concepts, Implementation, and Flight-test Results (2013)

This paper presents the principle, execution, and analysis of a flight-test methodology to assess the performance potential of future enhanced Distance Measuring Equipment (eDME) concepts, by using current legacy DME transponder equipment and Radio Frequency (RF) data recordings of both the transmitted and received DME signals. First, the collected DME flight test data is analyzed for received DME signal level, noise performance, and legacy half-amplitude ranging performance. Second, the concept of DME carrier-phase is introduced. The measured DME carrier phase tracking performance is compared with theoretical limits. Finally, several applications of DME carrier phase are discussed, implemented, and analyzed. Carrier-smoothed pulse range significantly reduces the noise and multipath of the measured ranges, pulse minus carrier characterizes the multipath on the pulse-ranging, and ultra-precise velocity, obtained from successive changes in DME carrier phase, significantly improves the performance of, for example, collision avoidance algorithms and integrated DME-inertial systems. Copyright © 2013 Institute of Navigation.
Weak leakage-resilient client-side deduplication of encrypted data in cloud storage (2013)

Recently, Halevi et al. (CCS '11) proposed a cryptographic primitive called proofs of ownership (PoW) to enhance security of client-side deduplication in cloud storage. In a proof of ownership scheme, any owner of the same file F can prove to the cloud storage that he/she owns file F in a robust and efficient way, in the bounded leakage setting where a certain amount of efficiently-extractable information about file F is leaked. Following this work, we propose a secure client-side deduplication scheme, with the following advantages: our scheme protects data confidentiality (and some partial information) against both outside adversaries and honest-but-curious cloud storage server, while Halevi et al. trusts cloud storage server in data confidentiality; our scheme is proved secure w.r.t. any distribution with sufficient min-entropy, while Halevi et al. (the last and the most practical construction) is particular to a specific type of distribution (a generalization of "block-fixing" distribution) of input files.
Soft Switching Approach to Reducing Transition Losses in an On/Off Hydraulic Valve (2012)

A method for significantly reducing the losses associated with an on/off controlled hydraulic system is proposed. There has been a growing interest in the use of on/off valves to control hydraulic systems as a means of improving system efficiency. While on/off valves are efficient when they are fully open or fully closed, a significant amount of energy can be lost in throttling as the valve transitions between the two states when the switching times are not negligible. A soft switching approach is proposed as a method of eliminating the majority of these transition losses. The operating principle of soft switching is that fluid can temporarily flow through a check valve or into a small chamber while valve orifices are partially closed. The fluid can then flow out of the chamber once the valve has fully transitioned. Thus, fluid flows through the valve only when it is in its most efficient fully open state. A model of the system is derived and simulated, with results indicating that the soft switching approach can reduce transition and compressibility losses by 81% and total system losses by 64%. The soft switching approach has the potential to improve the efficiency of on/off controlled systems and is particularly beneficial as switching frequencies are increased. The soft switching approach will also facilitate the use of slower on/off valves for effective on/off control; in simulation, a valve with soft switching matched the efficiency of an on/off valve that was 4.4 times faster.
Optimized Porous Si Microplate Technology for On-Chip Local RF Isolation (2009)

In this paper, we present an optimized porous Si (PS) microplate technology for use as a local substrate for the on-chip integration of RF passives. The substrate used is a heavily doped p-type Si wafer with a resistivity of 0.005 Omegamiddotcm, which shows similar RF response to the p/p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> epiwafers, commonly used by complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor industry. Broadband electrical characterization of the microplates in the frequency range from dc up to 20 GHz was performed by integrating on them coplanar waveguides and using them to characterize RF losses in the composite PS/Si substrate material. We show that the porous material has a complex permittivity epsiv = 3.05(1 + i0.029), which is much superior to that obtained by the authors for PS grown on a p-type substrate. The effect of the thickness of the PS membrane on the RF isolation was also examined.
The Political Implications of Not Developing Creativity (1995)

The author considers creative potential as vital a resource as oil. He expresses concern that it is not being developed in very many walks of life. Generation of wealth is vital but, as an end in itself, could lead to apathy and then revolution. He does not see the development of creativity purely as the function of the school. It is a responsibility of all of us both inside and outside school. He sees as a prime inhibitor of creative development the solid walls of bureaucracy which pervade all aspects of modern life. He contends that the need has never been greater for curbing bureaucratic attacks on the world's creative resources by yesterday's men and women.