gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Geostationary Optical Seismometer, Proof of Concept (2012)

We discuss the possibility of imaging the propagation of seismic waves from a very large space-based optical telescope. Images of seismic waves propagating at the Earth's surface would be an invaluable source of information for investigating earthquake physics and the effect of the subsurface on earthquake ground motions. This application would require ground displacement measurements at about every 100 m, with centimetric accuracy, and temporal sampling on the order of 1 Hz. A large field of view (>; 105 km <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) is required to measure the full extent of a large earthquake in the areas of interest. A geostationary optical telescope with a large aperture appears to be the most promising system. We establish preliminary technical requirements for such a system, which lead us to consider a telescope with an angular field of view of 0.8 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> and with an aperture greater than 4 m. We discuss and quantify the various sources of noise that would limit such a system: atmospheric turbulence, evolution of ground reflectance and solar incidence angle, and stability of the platform at 1 Hz. We present numerical simulations, which account for these sources of noise. They show that key details of the seismic wave field, hardly detectable using ground-based instruments, would indeed be imaged by such a system. At the upper limit of modern technology, data flow would be about 20-50 Gb·s <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> , and data memory would be about 50 Tb.
Structural analysis and immunomodulatory activity of a homopolysaccharide isolated from Parabacteroides distasonis (2022)

A homopolysaccharide fraction (PEP-1A) with desired immunomodulatory activity was isolated from culture broth of Parabacteroides distasonis. Structural characterization uncovered that PEP-1A had a molecular weight of 3.40 × 106 Da and possessed mannose merely. Comprehensive analysis of FT-IR, GC–MS and 1D/2D NMR confirmed that the structure of PEP-1A was expected as follows: Download : Download high-res image (61KB)Download : Download full-size image Finally, the activity assays on RAW 264.7 macrophages showed that PEP-1A could promote proliferation, increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhance the phagocytosis, and promote the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Furthermore, PEP-1A could give play to immunoregulation effect through NF-κB, MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. Collectively, the study of PEP-1A offers a molecular underpinning for the future application of PEP-1A as a potential immunostimulant.
Sensory response following knee joint damage in rabbits (2014)

The magnitude of sensory information recorded on the femoral nerve is increased following ACL injury and reconstruction surgery, but not after an isolated ACL injury in rabbits.
Dissecting the Heterogeneity of Circulating Tumor Cells in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Going Far Beyond the Needle in the Haystack (2016)

Although the enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTC) defined as expressing both epithelial cell adhesion molecule and cytokeratins (EpCAM⁺/CK⁺) can predict prognosis and response to therapy in metastatic breast, colon and prostate cancer, its clinical utility (i.e., the ability to improve patient outcome by guiding therapy) has not yet been proven in clinical trials. Therefore, scientists are now focusing on the molecular characterization of CTC as a way to explore its possible use as a "surrogate" of tumor tissues to non-invasively assess the genomic landscape of the cancer and its evolution during treatment. Additionally, evidences confirm the existence of CTC in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characterized by a variable loss of epithelial markers. Since the EMT process can originate cells with enhanced invasiveness, stemness and drug-resistance, the enumeration and characterization of this population, perhaps the one truly responsible of tumor recurrence and progression, could be more clinically useful. For these reasons, several devices able to capture CTC independently from the expression of epithelial markers have been developed. In this review, we will describe the types of heterogeneity so far identified and the key role played by the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in driving CTC heterogeneity. The clinical relevance of detecting CTC-heterogeneity will be discussed as well.
SAMHD1 Specifically Affects the Antiviral Potency of Thymidine Analog HIV Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (2014)

Sterile alpha motif and histidine-aspartic domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) triphosphohydrolase recently recognized as an antiviral factor that acts by depleting dNTP availability for viral reverse transcriptase (RT). SAMHD1 restriction is counteracted by the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) accessory protein Vpx, which targets SAMHD1 for proteosomal degradation, resulting in an increased availability of dNTPs and consequently enhanced viral replication. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), one of the most common agents used in antiretroviral therapy, compete with intracellular dNTPs as the substrate for viral RT. Consequently, SAMHD1 activity may be influencing NRTI efficacy in inhibiting viral replication. Here, a panel of different RT inhibitors was analyzed for their different antiviral efficacy depending on SAMHD1. Antiviral potency was measured for all the inhibitors in transformed cell lines and primary monocyte-derived macrophages and CD4(+) T cells infected with HIV-1 with or without Vpx. No changes in sensitivity to non-NRTI or the integrase inhibitor raltegravir were observed, but for NRTI, sensitivity significantly changed only in the case of the thymidine analogs (AZT and d4T). The addition of exogenous thymidine mimicked the change in viral sensitivity observed after Vpx-mediated SAMHD1 degradation, pointing toward a differential effect of SAMHD1 activity on thymidine. Accordingly, sensitivity to AZT was also reduced in CD4(+) T cells infected with HIV-2 compared to infection with the HIV-2ΔVpx strain. In conclusion, reduction of SAMHD1 levels significantly decreases HIV sensitivity to thymidine but not other nucleotide RT analog inhibitors in both macrophages and lymphocytes.
A Stage Based on Voice Coil Motor with High Speed and Long Range for Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication (2007)

Design of design of X-Y-Theta fine stage using VCM (voice coil motor) is presented in this paper. This fine stage is combined with linear DC motor. Long range, high speed and high precision of the stage is obtained by using dual servo control for laser micro/nano machining. A novel structure of VCM for the fine stage is proposed. The fine stage can have 3 DOF(X-Y-Theta) motion by four VCM actuators which are located on the same plane. The X-Y-Theta fine stage is designed to have high acceleration for high throughput. Based on the design, the stage is fabricated. The designed stage has the acceleration of 5m/s2 with 45kg total mass. In addition, this actuator is feedback controlled using HP laser interferometer. The reaction force between the coarse and fine stage of the dual servo is compensated by force compensator.
Neurochemical monitoring in malignant infarction (2004)

To study the predictive significance of neurochemical monitoring in malignant infarction, we investigated the correlation between perfusional disturbances and neurochemical substances in a transient ischemia model in cats.METHODS : In 10 cats, the middle cerebral artery was occluded (MCAO) for 3 hours followed by 6 hours reperfusion. Microdialysis probes were inserted into the core and the perifocal site of the MCA territory. Concentrations of purine catabolites and amino acids were analyzed by HPLC. Adjacent to the microdialysis probes, laser Doppler probes measured regional CBF (LDF), strain-gauge MicroSensors measured intracranial pressure (ICP).RESULTS : Later in the reperfusion period, five cats developed signs of malignant edema formation including drastic drop of CPP, and finally pupil dilation.CONCLUSIONS : In the ischemic core, glutamate determinations during MCAO predict fatal outcome, not in the perifocal site. Secondary glutamate elevation during reperfusion is presumably caused by a drastic decrease of CPP to<50 mmHg in the final stage of malignant infarction. However, this drop of CPP does not elevate adenosine. We assume that after reperfusion, salvage pathways are able to resynthesize IMP but not AMP.
Typing of pneumococci by using 12 pooled antisera (1993)

A new simplified chessboard system for typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae is described. It is intended for typing or grouping of 90 to 95% of the pneumococcal strains most commonly isolated from blood or cerebrospinal fluid and is based on 12 pooled diagnostic antisera, each reacting with 7 to 11 single types, together covering the 23 different vaccine-related types as well as 25 other cross-reacting types. Worldwide surveillance of the type distribution is important in order to ensure an optimal formulation of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines and, in the future, of polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines. The simplified typing system described in this paper makes it easier to carry out surveillance in other than specialized reference laboratories. Finally, it takes advantage of the fact that some types cause disease more often in children--as opposed to adults--than do others.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Zoom–Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (2015)

A zoom-time-of-flight mass spectrometer has been coupled to an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) ionization source. Zoom-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (zoom-TOFMS) combines two complementary types of velocity-based mass separation. Specifically, zoom-TOFMS alternates between conventional, constant-energy acceleration (CEA) TOFMS and energy-focused, constant-momentum acceleration (CMA) (zoom) TOFMS. The CMA mode provides a mass-resolution enhancement of 1.5-1.7× over CEA-TOFMS in the current, 35-cm ICP-zoom-TOFMS instrument geometry. The maximum resolving power (full-width at half-maximum) for the ICP-zoom-TOFMS instrument is 1200 for CEA-TOFMS and 1900 for CMA-TOFMS. The CMA mode yields detection limits of between 0.02 and 0.8 ppt, depending upon the repetition rate and integration time-compared with single ppt detection limits for CEA-TOFMS. Isotope-ratio precision is shot-noise limited at approximately 0.2% relative-standard deviation (RSD) for both CEA- and CMA-TOFMS at a 10 kHz repetition rate and an integration time of 3-5 min. When the repetition rate is increased to 43.5 kHz for CMA, the shot-noise limited, zoom-mode isotope-ratio precision is improved to 0.09% RSD for the same integration time.
Hypoglycemia Is Associated With Increased Postburn Morbidity and Mortality in Pediatric Patients* (2013)

Hypoglycemic episodes correlate with injury severity and inhalation injury. When adjusted for injury severity, hypoglycemia is associated with significantly higher postburn morbidity and mortality.
Ergebnisse (1979)

ZusammenfassungDer typische Verlauf der Dilatometerkurve (Probenverlängerung / , t = Glühzeit) ist in Abb. 10 dargestellt. Einer Anlaufphase (Abschnitt 1) folgt der Bereich linearen Probenwachstums, bedingt durch Porenbildung und Wachstum, mit . An diesen zweiten Abschnitt schließt sich der dritte Bereich an, bei dem die Kurve von der -Geraden abweicht und nach einer Phase des Wachstumsstillstandes (Abschnitt 4) in eine Probenschrumpfung (Abschnitt 5) übergeht. Die Zeiträume der einzelnen Abschnitte sind bei gleicher Glühtemperatur und gleichem Material abhängig von der Foliendicke.
Flow Regimes in Miscible Displacements in Heterogeneous Correlated Random Fields (1994)

ABSTRACT Fluid flow within a porous medium is governed by both the fluid mechanics and the rock heterogeneity level and type. Here, we model permeability heterogeneity as a random correlated field. The process is a first contact miscible viscous displacement at unit and adverse mobility ratios. We investigate the various flow regimes that are possible and discuss their significance. We point out the importance of the effective aspect ratio, which is related to vertical equilibrium, in determining the global flow regime.
The Analysis of Coatings Produced by Accelerated Nanoparticles (2006)

This paper investigates the form and structure of coatings formed by the deposition of accelerated elemental and alloy nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are formed by a ‘terminated gas condensation’ technique. The nanoparticles are produced by magnetron sputtering followed by thermalization and condensation in high pressure zones. The nanoparticles formed in this environment are further refined through a series of apertures and differentially pumped zones until the refined beam is passed on to the high vacuum sample chamber, hence ‘terminated gas condensation’. The nanoparticles generated are negatively charged and may therefore be mass selected by a linear quadrupole and accelerated towards a substrate to form a surface coating or film. These coatings are of interest for a great many applications such as catalytic studies of soft landed nanoparticles, gas sensors, electronic materials on plastics as well as many more. The resulting films have been analysed by a variety of techniques including mass spectroscopy, SEM & TEM.
A new single-stage AC-DC converter for medical implant devices (2013)

A single-stage buck-type AC-DC converter is proposed for medical implants to achieve high efficiency. The proposed structure combines two traditional stages of the three-stage power path for medical implants and eliminates a MOSFET and a filter capacitor to improve the efficiency. The proposed circuit converts 40 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> coil voltage into a DC output voltage of 4.2 V. The stability analysis of the circuit is also presented. Load currents between 1 mA to 100 mA are supported. The efficiency of the proposed circuit is 81.9%.
Polymérisation (1994)

Ce chapitre a pour objectif de présenter brièvement les bases théoriques des réactions de polymérisation. Les grandes classifications sont définies et les notions simples sont exposées, tant en ce qui concerne les polymérisations classiques et leurs développements que les nouvelles techniques. Pour
Long-Term MRI Observations of Childhood-Onset Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (2001)

Results showed that the primary differences in childhood-onset RRMS compared to adult-onset RRMS lie in the lack of, or slower development of irreversible changes ("black hole" formation, brain atrophy). Despite callosal atrophy and intensive U-fibre region involvement, school performance was unchanged. Regarding the frequency of "giant" lesions, an even more pronounced white matter involvement was found in our children compared to adults. All children exhibited a rather "benign" disease course. A more intensive remyelination, less severe neuronal loss, and higher functional brain plasticity at younger ages may account for these differences.
High-Throughput Examination of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer-Detected Metal-Ion Response in Mammalian Cells (2012)

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based genetically encoded metal-ion sensors are important tools for studying metal-ion dynamics in live cells. We present a time-resolved microfluidic flow cytometer capable of characterizing the FRET-based dynamic response of metal-ion sensors in mammalian cells at a throughput of 15 cells/s with a time window encompassing a few milliseconds to a few seconds after mixing of cells with exogenous ligands. We have used the instrument to examine the cellular heterogeneity of Zn(2+) and Ca(2+) sensor FRET response amplitudes and demonstrated that the cluster maps of the Zn(2+) sensor FRET changes resolve multiple subpopulations. We have also measured the in vivo sensor response kinetics induced by changes in Zn(2+) and Ca(2+) concentrations. We observed an ∼30 fold difference between the extracellular and intracellular sensors.
Extraction and Measurement the Activities of Cytosolic Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (PEPCK) and Plastidic NADP-dependent Malic Enzyme (ME) on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) (2014)

A recent study demonstrated that cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) have an important role in malate metabolism during fruit ripening (Osorio et al., 2013). PEPCK catalyze the ATP-dependent decarboxylation of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and NADP-ME, the reversible conversion of malate and pyruvate. Here, we present the detailed protocols to measure PEPCK activity in carboxylation direction by following oxidation of NADH and to measure NADP-ME activity based upon the reduction of NADP+.
Mix-Zones for Location Privacy in Vehicular Networks (2007)

Vehicular Networks (VNs) seek to provide, among other applications, safer driving conditions. To do so, vehicles need to periodically broadcast safety messages providing preciseposition information to nearby vehicles. However, this frequentmessaging (e.g., every 100 to 300ms per car) greatly facilitates the tracking of vehicles, as it suffices to eavesdrop the wireless medium. As a result, the drivers privacy is atstake. In order to mitigate this threat, while complying with the safety requirements of VNs, we suggest the creation ofmix-zones at appropriate places of the VN. We propose to do so with the use of cryptography, and study analytically how the combination of mix-zones into mix-networks brings forth location privacy in VNs. Finally, we show by simulations that the proposed mix system is effective in various scenarios.
Hybrid Coronary Revascularization for Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease: Strategies and Outcomes (2013)

Surgical and percutaneous treatments of coronary artery disease (CAD) have evolved in parallel over the last several decades. Both modalities now offer safe and effective relief from severe CAD, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) provides a minimally invasive strategy that exploits the strengths of both traditional coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). HCR entails non-sternotomy left internal mammary artery (LIMA) harvest and grafting to the left anterior descending (LAD) artery, combined with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to non-LAD vessels. The result is a complete revascularization, including the survival benefit of a LIMA-LAD graft, while avoiding the morbidity and convalescence associated with a sternotomy. This review will describe the methods of sternal sparing LIMA-LAD grafting in practice today andexplore the various strategies and current evidence for HCR.
Grape cell-wall polysaccharides : influence on the interaction between salivary proteins and tannins (2017)

de niveau recherche, publis ou non, manant des tablissements d'enseignement et de recherche franais ou trangers, des laboratoires publics ou privs.
Dynamic Phasor Modeling of Multi-Converter Systems (2021)

Generalized form of Dynamic Phasor (DP)-based modeling of multi-converter systems containing high order harmonics has not been proposed in the literature yet due to the complexity and large number of variables that should be included in the model. In this work a generalized form of a system-level model comprising high number of single-phase converters is presented. The proposed method can be applied to any number of single-phase voltage source converters (VSIs). Test cases of this modeling method containing 5 to 100 parallel connected single-phase voltage source inverters are modeled and simulation times are recorded. The results of the proposed method are compared and validated with conventional average models as well as detailed switching models. A systematic approach for comparing the accuracy and timestep between dynamic phasor modeling method and detailed switching model is illustrated. Advantage of DP models over conventional average models for stability assessment are also discussed at the end of the paper.
Degradation of Bacteriochlorophyll a in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides R26 (1985)

Abstract A series of pigments of the bacteriopheophytin a spectral type have been isolated from ageing cultures of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides strain R26. These pigments are formed in varying amounts, and can be most readily analyzed in vivo by their absorption in the 530 nm spectral range. They are enriched in sedimenting cells, but their formation is not affected by light. By chromatographic comparison with authentic pigments and chemical correlation, the following pigments have been identified: bacteriopheophytin a, bacteriopheophorbide a (which is the predominant product), pyrobacteriopheophorbide a and a fourth, very polar bacteriopheophytin a-type product of unknown structure. The major portion of these newly formed pigments is present in the cells in a state, in which the near-infrared absorption band is shifted to longer wavelengths. As shown by low temperature fluorescence spectroscopy, these forms are very similar to bacteriopheophorbide a aggregates.
<title>Development of solid state optical limiting devices</title> (1999)

We present our recent advances toward the development of high-performance solid-state optical limiting devices using reverse saturable absorption (RSA) dyes doped into optical host materials. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy was employed to determine both the spectral regions of strong RSA, and the singlet-triplet excited-state dynamics. The optical limiting in the visible spectrum in both metallo-phthalocyanines and metallo-porphyrins is due to a combination of singlet and triplet RSA. Optical limiting performance was studied for RSA dyes in dual tandem limiters (both in solution and solid-state). Our best results in the solid-state yielded an attenuation of 400X, and a damage threshold of up to several mJ at f/5 focusing. The optical limiting at f/5 is further enhanced, particularly in the solid-state, by self-defocusing thermal nonlinearities.
Simulation of copper nanostructure formation by coupling kinetic Monte Carlo simulation, continuum models, and the level set method (2004)

A multiscale simulation model has been developed that couples multiple instances of a kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation code to a moving boundary (MB) level-set continuum simulation code to simulate the filling of on-chip features (trenches) by electrodeposition in the presence of additives. Both the KMC and MB simulations code run dynamically. The KMC code uses surface concentrations calculated by the MB code to compute reaction rates and it simulates the chemistry and physics that occur at the electrode surface. The MB code uses fluxes computed by the KMC code as a surface boundary condition. The MB code simulates the chemistry and physics in the electrolyte in the trench with continuum methods and advances the copper-solution interface with a level-set approach.
High-Power, High-Linearity, Heterogeneously Integrated III-V on Si MZI Modulators for RF Photonics Systems (2019)

In this paper, heterogeneously integrated III-V on silicon (III-V/Si) Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) modulators providing record results for both linearity and high-power operation are described. Devices include hybrid III-V/Si phase modulation sections in a Si MZI, and with a single-drive push-pull operation provide a spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) as high as 112 dBHz 2/3 at 10 GHz, comparable to commercial lithium niobate modulators. Optical power levels up to 100 mW into the modulator provide no degradation in device linearity, with modulators demonstrating typical SFDRs of 110 dBHz 2/3 . These III-V/Si MZI modulators, using a 500-nm "thick" Si layer for III-V integration, demonstrate applicability for high-SFDR analog fiber-optic links without need for an erbium-doped fiber amplifier.