gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Method for the Continuous Measurement of Combing Noil and Its Application in Wool Topmaking (2009)

Noil is waste fiber generated during combing of staple fiber, the level of which is generally a concern due to the associated economic loss. Strategies to reduce noil have not developed because there has not been a reliable, comprehensive, and accurate method of measurement in a combing plant. We describe here a new method for the continuous, automatic monitoring of the total noil without any interference with operator procedures or production. The noil monitoring system was installed on eight combs in a commercial topmaking plant and tested for 24 hours a day for six months. The data obtained from this trial revealed important performance details of the combing operation, such as noil level and noil production, linear density of the prepared and combed slivers, the number of slivers in the feed, production rate of each comb, the feed rate to each comb, machine operating speed, run-time and down-time for each comb, and comb process efficiencies. The data confirmed that this system could be used as a tool for improving management and control of combing.
<i>Chlamydophila pneumoniae</i> Infection Induced Nodular Vasculitis (2011)

We present the case history of a 48-year-old male patient with Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) pneumoniae who developed a nodular vasculitis. He developed a cutaneous vasculitis with the onset of respiratory symptoms. The diagnosis of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection was based on serology. Since this infection is very common in our population, although often asymptomatic, it should be systematically considered as a causative agent of nodular vasculitis.
Cell therapy for multiple sclerosis: thepresent and the future (2020)

A novel approach to MS treatment involves efforts for remyelination and regeneration. Due to
the limited capacity of CNS for regeneration, infusion of stem cells which carry the potential for
regeneration and neuroprotection, may provide a solution for more substantial intervention
in progressive neurological diseases. Embryonic cells have strong pluripotent and self-renewal
properties and represent the prototype of stem cells, but there are additional somatic stem
cells that may be harvested from various tissues during adult life, such as the mesenchymal
stem cells (MSC), which offer several practical advantages for clinical application. MSC can
be obtained from every adult, are easily expanded to large numbers and carry less risks for
malignancies. Our first pilot trial (Phase I/II, 2006-2009) with intrathecal(IT) and intravenous(IV)
injection of autologous MSC included 19 patients with ALS and 15 with MS. No major side
effects were reported. The mean disability score of ALS (ALSFRS) was stabilized during the 6 first
months following the treatment in the ALS patients, indicating a halt of the progression of this
severe paralytic disease. In MS patients, the mean disability score (EDSS) showed a clear trend
of improvement. A more recent phase I/II and IIa study in our Center, with IT or IM injections of
modified MSCs (Brainstorm technology) in 26 ALS patients, revealed that 87 % of the patients
treated IT showed an improvement in the rate of progression of either general disability or
respiratory function. We have recently completed a large double blind randomised phase IIb
trial with MSCs in 48 patients with progressive MS. We used detailed clinical tests, functional MRI,
dynamic visual tests and OCT to evaluate the possibility of regeneration/ remyelination. Bone
marrow MSCs, prepared using a protocol developed by our team in the âClean Roomâ facility of
Hadassah were injected either IV or IT (1x106/kg). A third of the participants received placebo.
There were two cycles of treatment 6 months apart (crossover design). No serious, treatmentrelated
safety issues were detected. Significantly fewer patients experienced treatment failure
in the MSC-IT and MSC-IV groups compared with those in the sham-treated group (6.7%,
9.7%, and 41.9%, respectively, p=0.0003 and p=0.0008). During the one-year follow up, 58.6%
and 40.6% of patients treated with MSC-IT and MSC-IV, respectively, exhibited no evidence
of disease activity(NEDA) compared with 9.7% in the sham-treated group (p
Synthese von 2,4,6‐Tris(alkylamino)‐3‐pyridincarbonitrilen durch Dimroth‐Umlagerung (1981)

Abstract 2,4,6‐Tris(alkylamino)‐3‐pyridincarbonitrile 8 können in einer dreistufigen Synthese aus den N ‐Alkylcyanessigsäureamiden 5 erhalten werden. Der Schlüsselschritt ist dabei die in hohen Ausbeuten verlaufende Dimroth‐Umlagerung der 2(1 H )‐Pyridinimine 7 zu 8 .
Speciation of Phosphorus from Agricultural Muck Soils to Stream and Lake Sediments (2018)

The nature and management of agricultural soils can influence the forms of legacy P present in affected sediments; however, few studies have specifically characterized P in sediments affected by polder agriculture. In this study, the speciation of P as it flows from the muck soils of the Holland Marsh to the sediments of the West Holland River and Lake Simcoe, Ontario, Canada, was investigated. The distribution of P fractions and the characterization of organic P were analyzed by the sequential fractionation method and solution P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. Organic P was the predominant P form (∼58% of total P) in muck soils, whereas the redox-sensitive P fraction was predominant in surface stream sediments rich in organic matter (∼41-48% of total P), despite these sediments exhibiting near-neutral pH and high concentrations of both Ca and P. The proportion of relatively recalcitrant organic P forms was much greater in the muck soils than that exhibited by both stream and lake sediments. The decreasing proportion of recalcitrant organic P forms in sediments downstream from the Holland Marsh indicated the potential for faster organic P cycling. Our findings support the notion that diesters and pyrophosphate should be monitored, in addition to loosely bound inorganic P, due to their potential impact on water quality. The unique environment of the streams and lake area is considered to be particularly vulnerable to excessive fertilizer P use in adjacent croplands.
A key role for allostatic overload in ASD and other disorders. Commentary on “An integrative model of autism spectrum disorder: ASD as a neurobiological disorder of experienced environmental deprivation, early life stress, and allostatic overload” by William M. Singletary, MD (2016)

The brain is the central organ of perceiving, responding, and adapting to life experiences, and it communicates in a reciprocal manner with the rest of the body via autonomic, neuroendocrine, metabolic, and immune mediators that are essential for adaptation to stressful experiences by a process referred to as "allostasis." Singletary reminds us that the impaired ability of the ASD-prone infant to respond to the "serve and return" interaction with parents leads to a state of frustration and chronic stress resulting in the cumulative "wear and tear" of adapting to chronic stress, called "allostatic overload," that worsens the trajectory of the disorder and helps shape brain architecture, behavior, and systemic physiology. Singletary says that successful treatment must recognize the deviation from a normal developmental course as early as possible and intervene to redirect it. He cites examples in children where this has made a huge difference. Thus, the epigenetic plasticity of the brain is key to the development of successful interventions and the continuing plasticity of the brain throughout the life course gives hope for further beneficial interventions.
Normalität und Abweichung (2007)

Im Alltagsverständnis ist Normalität ein selten hinterfragtes Deutungsmuster. Es wird wie selbstverständlich davon ausgegangen, dass normale Handlungsweisen oder Personen von solchen unterschieden werden können, die in irgendeiner Weise außergewöhnlich, unpassend, störend, irritierend usw. sind. Normalität kommt dabei meist als Negation, als Feststellung von Abweichung, zur Sprache: "Das ist doch nicht normal", oder "So einer wie der ist doch nicht normal".
Influence of Liver Cirrhosis on the Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety of Tezosentan (2009)

This study investigates the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of the parenteral endothelin receptor antagonist tezosentan in patients with Child-Pugh classification B/C liver impairment. Cohorts I and II consist of 5 and 11 patients, respectively, with low serum bilirubin (<or=3.0 mg/dL) who receive intravenous tezosentan at 0.2 mg/h for 24 hours followed by 1.0 mg/h for 24 hours (cohort I) or 1.0 mg/h for 24 hours followed by 5.0 mg/h for 24 hours (cohort II). Cohort III (5 patients) receives the same treatment as cohort II but patients have high serum bilirubin (3.5-12 mg/dL). Each cohort includes 1 or 2 placebo patients (in total 4 patients). Compared with a historical control group of healthy subjects, the exposure to tezosentan is 3.1- and 8.5-fold greater in cohorts II and III, respectively. Patients are more sensitive than healthy subjects to the pharmacodynamic effects of tezosentan, as reflected in increases in endothelin-1 concentrations. Tezosentan is well tolerated. Decreases in blood pressure are similar in patients treated with tezosentan or placebo. Moderate/severe liver impairment is associated with increased exposure to tezosentan, which is more pronounced in patients with elevated bilirubin levels, necessitating dose reduction.
MCA-GAN: Text-to-Image Generation Adversarial Network Based on Multi-Channel Attention (2019)

It is an extremely challenging task to text-to-image generation based on generative adversarial network(GAN). Although some researchers have made remarkable progress in the field of image generation in recent years, it is still a problem to be solved in the aspect of texture detail in image generation. An attention generation algorithm based on multi-channel is presented in this paper. The network gradually refine by three branches to produce high-resolution images that conform to the text description. By the iterative training of GAN, the multi-channel feature attention mechanism is used to guide the pixel value deviation and loss in the process of image generation. Through a lot of experiments and people's visual perception of the generated images, the algorithm based on multi-channel attention mechanism proposed in this paper has been significantly improved in the processing of details.
Active Microstructured Optical Arrays of Grazing Incidence Reflectors (2010)

The UK Smart X-Ray Optics (SXO) programme is developing active/adaptive optics for terrestrial applications. One of the technologies proposed is microstructured optical arrays (MOAs), which focus X-rays using grazing incidence reflection through consecutive aligned arrays of microscopic channels. Although such arrays are similar in concept to polycapillary and microchannel plate optics, they can be bent and adjusted using piezoelectric actuators providing control over the focusing and inherent aberrations. Custom configurations can be designed, using ray tracing and finite element analysis, for applications from sub-keV to several-keV X-rays, and the channels of appropriate aspect ratios can be made using deep silicon etching. An exemplar application will be in the microprobing of biological cells and tissue samples using Ti <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>K</mml:mtext><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> radiation (4.5 keV) in studies related to radiation-induced cancers. This paper discusses the optical design, modelling, and manufacture of such optics.
Biomechanical Cadaveric Evaluation of the Role of Medial Column Instability in Hallux Valgus Deformity (2022)

This cadaveric model suggests a possible influence of medial column instability in first metatarsal pronation. With a thorough understanding of a condition's origin, better treatment strategies can be developed.
Acute Cholecystitis: A Complication in Severely Injured Intensive Care Patients (1992)

Acute cholecystitis is an often unrecognized and potentially life-threatening complication seen among ICU patients with multiple injury. To investigate the epidemiology of this entity and to evaluate significant etiologic precursors, a prospective clinical and sonographic study was performed in 45 consecutive patients (mean age, 29 years) treated for multiple trauma (mean ISS, 27) in the ICU. Eight of 45 patients developed a cholecystitis during intensive care treatment (18%). Six patients recovered with conservative therapy; in two instances a cholecystectomy was necessary. There was no mortality as a result of cholecystitis. A significant relationship between the severity of the initial trauma (p less than 0.05), the number of blood transfusions (p less than 0.01), and the incidence of acute cholecystitis was found. Other factors such as prolonged shock, respiratory failure, or parenteral alimentation were less prevalent and were not temporally related to the onset of the disease. All patients had large amounts of narcotics administered over a prolonged period, so that narcotic-induced biliary stasis appeared to be another eminent factor involved in the genesis of posttraumatic cholecystitis. Our results lead to the conclusion that acute cholecystitis occurs with an unexpectedly high incidence and that a high remission rate can be expected following conservative treatment provided that appropriate serial ultrasound examinations are performed.
Phage-Resistant Phase-Variant Sub-populations Mediate Herd Immunity Against Bacteriophage Invasion of Bacterial Meta-Populations (2019)

Hypermutable loci are widespread in bacteria as mechanisms for rapid generation of phenotypic diversity within a population that enables survival of fluctuating, often antagonistic, selection pressures. Localized hypermutation can mediate phase variation and enable survival of bacteriophage predation due to high frequency, reversible alterations in the expression of phage receptors. As phase variation can also generate population-to-population heterogeneity, we hypothesized that this phenomenon may facilitate survival of spatially-separated bacterial populations from phage invasion in a manner analogous to herd immunity to infectious diseases in human populations. The <i>lic2A</i> gene of <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> is subject to "ON" and "OFF" switches in expression mediated by mutations in a 5'CAAT repeat tract present within the reading frame. The enzyme encoded by <i>lic2A</i> mediates addition of a galactose moiety of the lipopolysaccharide. This moiety is required for attachment of the HP1C1 phage such that the ON state of the <i>lic2A</i> gene is associated with HP1c1 susceptibility while the OFF state is resistant to infection. We developed an "oscillating prey assay" to examine phage spread through a series of sub-populations of <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> whose phage receptor is in an ON or OFF state. Phage extinction was frequently observed when the proportion of phage-resistant sub-populations exceeded 34%. <i>In silico</i> modeling indicated that phage extinction was interdependent on phage loss during transfer between sub-populations and the frequency of resistant sub-populations. In a fixed-area oscillating prey assay, heterogeneity in phage resistance was observed to generate vast differences in phage densities across a meta-population of multiple bacterial sub-populations resulting in protective quarantining of some sub-populations from phage attack. We conclude that phase-variable hypermutable loci produce bacterial "herd immunity" with resistant intermediary-populations acting as a barricade to reduce the viral load faced by phage-susceptible sub-populations. This paradigm of meta-population protection is applicable to evolution of hypermutable loci in multiple bacteria-phage and host-pathogen interactions.
The Development of a Validated Checklist for Ultrasound-Guided Thyroid Nodule Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsies (2015)

Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (USgFNA) is the procedure of choice for biopsy of thyroid nodules (TNs) that are suspicious for malignancy. Poor technique in performing this procedure can result in nondiagnostic specimens, increased patient anxiety, repeated aspirations, and unnecessary surgery. Validated checklists are a central component of teaching and assessing procedural skills. The results of the first step of the validation of a TN USgFNA checklist are described. A comprehensive review of articles published on TN fine-needle aspiration did not yield a validated checklist. A modified Delphi technique, involving a panel of 8 interdisciplinary experts, was used to develop a TN USgFNA checklist. The internal consistency coefficient using Cronbach α was 0.74. Development of the 23-item TN USgFNA checklist for teaching and assessing TN USgFNA is the first step in the validation process. Further validation can be achieved via implementation and study of the checklist in clinical settings.
Identifying the effect of vancomycin on HA-MRSA strains using bacteriological and physiological media (2020)

Abstract Healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) USA100 strains are of major concern due to their evolving antibiotic resistant. They are resistant to a broad class of antibiotics like macrolides, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and many more. The selection of appropriate antibiotic susceptibility examination media is very important. Thus, we use bacteriological (CA-MHB) as well as physiological (R10LB) media to determine the effect of vancomycin on USA100 strains. The study includes the profiling behaviour of HA-MRSA USA100 D592 and D712 strains in the presence of vancomycin through various high-throughput assays. The US100 D592 and D712 strains were characterized at sub-inhibitory concentrations through growth curves, RNA sequencing, bacterial cytological profiling, and exo-metabolomics high throughput experiments. The study reveals the vancomycin resistance behavior of USA100 strains in dual media conditions using wide-ranging experiments.
Experimental Evaluation of Low-Viscosity Fluorosilicone Oil as a Temporary Vitreous Substitute (1989)

Fluorosilicone oil, a high specific gravity fluorinated silicone oil, has been recently reevaluated for temporary use in surgery to repair complicated retinal detachments. We evaluated the toxicity of a low-viscosity (300 centistokes) fluorosilicone oil as a vitreous substitute in vitrectomized eyes of albino rabbits. No toxicities could be demonstrated by histopathologic and electroretinographic examinations 6 weeks following surgery. In vitro experiments also showed no toxic effects on cultured retinoblastoma cells. When fluorosilicone oil was injected into the anterior chamber, endothelial cell damage could be seen 2 weeks following injection. Low-viscosity fluorosilicone oil appears to be a safe vitreous substitute for temporary use; it is easily injected and removed, and it maintains adequate surface tension for intraocular tamponade. Because of its relative low viscosity, 300-cst fluorosilicone oil (FS) may be a better vitreous substitute than perfluorocarbon liquids for both intraoperative manipulation of the retina and short-term intraocular tamponade for complicated retinal detachments.
Quantification of Cleaved β2-Microglobulin in Serum from Patients Undergoing Chronic Hemodialysis (2005)

This study for the first time demonstrates and assigns the structure of a specific beta(2)M variant in sera from dialysis patients. Because this variant is conformationally unstable in vitro, it may be involved in in vivo amyloidogenesis.
A Perspective on Catalytic Strategies for Deoxygenation in Biomass Pyrolysis (2016)

Abstract Biomass fast pyrolysis is a technology that is able to convert biomass, a low‐density solid, into primarily a liquid bio‐oil product that is denser and more easily storable and transportable. However, utilizing raw bio‐oil is difficult, mainly due to its high oxygen content. Bio‐oil must be upgraded and deoxygenated first before it can be co‐fed into a petroleum refinery. One method of upgrading involves condensing the pyrolysis vapors into bio‐oil and then hydrotreating the bio‐oil. Significant deoxygenation can be achieved; however, the hydrotreatment is typically performed under high pressure (&gt;6900 kPa) and with multiple temperature stages. Also, lignin‐derived phenolic compounds can be prone to polymerize and plug reactors. Generally, the catalysts that have been tested are expensive noble metals or transition metal sulfides. Another upgrading approach is to react the pyrolysis vapors over a catalyst to produce a deoxygenated liquid product upon condensation. Common petroleum refining catalysts, such as zeolites, have been found to produce hydrocarbons although their yields are generally low to moderate whereas the yields of solids (char/coke) and gases (CO and CO 2 ) can be high. In addition, zeolites can suffer rapid deactivation through coking and loss of acidity. Other, new catalysts that have been tested for vapor‐phase deoxygenation include noble‐metal and transition‐metal catalysts. Noble metals are active but are also prone to saturating aromatic rings. More cost‐effective catalysts, that is, transition metal‐based catalysts, have also been tested for hydrodeoxygenation efficacy. Particularly, two molybdenum‐based catalysts, MoO 3 and Mo 2 C, were found to deoxygenate biomass model compounds under low pressure and moderate temperatures. In addition, MoO 3 has been shown to deoxygenate pyrolysis vapors obtained from complete biomass. From our perspective, the most feasible upgrading strategy would likely involve catalytically upgrading pyrolysis vapors under low pressure, moderate temperature, and with minimal hydrogen consumption to produce unsaturated alkenes and aromatics, which can then be further processed and refined in a traditional petroleum refinery.
Certified self-modifying code (2007)

Self-modifying code (SMC), in this paper, broadly refers to anyprogram that loads, generates, or mutates code at runtime. It is widely used in many of the world's critical software systems tosupport runtime code generation and optimization, dynamic loading and linking, OS boot loader, just-in-time compilation, binary translation,or dynamic code encryption and obfuscation. Unfortunately, SMC is alsoextremely difficult to reason about: existing formal verification techniques-including Hoare logic and type system-consistentlyassume that program code stored in memory is fixedand immutable; this severely limits their applicability and power.
Interface amorphization in hexagonal boron nitride films on sapphire substrate grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (2018)

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) films directly grown on c-plane sapphire substrates by pulsed-mode metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy exhibit an interlayer for growth temperatures above 1200 °C. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy shows that this interlayer is amorphous, while the crystalline h-BN layer above has a distinct orientational relationship with the sapphire substrate. Electron energy loss spectroscopy shows the energy-loss peaks of B and N in both the amorphous interlayer and the overlying crystalline h-BN layer, while Al and O signals are also seen in the amorphous interlayer. Thus, the interlayer forms during h-BN growth through the decomposition of the sapphire at elevated temperatures.
Tracheostoma valves and their fixation : towards an artificial larynx (2000)

The aim of this thesis is the development of a new generation tracheostoma valves and their fixation; the tissue connector. The tracheostoma valve and tissue connector can be combined resulting in an external artificia larynx. This is a first stage towards an implantable artificial larynx.
Teaching Awards - 1995 (1995)

Teaching awards given in 1995: Norden Teaching Award; Stange Awards; SCAVMA Teaching Award - Clinical Sciences; SCAVMA Teaching Award - Basic Sciences.