gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Duo: A Human/Wearable Hybrid for Learning About Everyday Human Activities (2004)

Figure 1: A picture and diagram of Duo. The diagram depicts the head-mounted camera, the 4 body-mounted orientation sensors, the ear phones, and the wirelessly linked computer cluster. What: We are investigatingwearable computing as away formachines to learn about everyday human activities from a first-person perspective [2] [4]. Our wearable system, Duo, uses body-mounted orien-tation sensors and a head-mounted camera to sense the kinematic configuration of the wearer’s body while watching the world from the wearer’s point of view. Duo both passively monitors the wearer’s behavior and actively requests help from the wearer in order to better learn from the wearer’s activities. Why: Human intelligence relies on a wealth of common-sense acquired from a lifetime of experience. In order to achieve the long term goals of artificial human intelligence, researchers must find ways to endow machines with this type of common-sense. A wearable system with sufficiently sophisticated sensors could experience the world in approxi-mately the sameway as the person wearing the system. If this person is also willing to help the wearable creature by cooperating with requests, then the person can, in a sense, serve as the wearable creature’s body. Through requests, the wearable creature can coarsely control the actions and behaviors of the co-operative human. In this way, we can think of the human and wearable as being part of a subsumption
Effect of nanotube coupling on exciton transport in polymer-free monochiral semiconducting carbon nanotube networks (2019)

Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs) are attractive light-harvesting components for solar photoconversion schemes and architectures, and selective polymer extraction has emerged as a powerful route to obtain highly pure s-SWCNT samples for electronic applications. Here we demonstrate a novel method for producing electronically coupled thin films of near-monochiral s-SWCNTs without wrapping polymer. Detailed steady-state and transient optical studies on such samples provide new insights into the role of the wrapping polymer on controlling intra-bundle nanotube-nanotube interactions and exciton energy transfer within and between bundles. Complete removal of polymer from the networks results in rapid exciton trapping within nanotube bundles, limiting long-range exciton transport. The results suggest that intertube electronic coupling and associated exciton delocalization across multiple tubes can limit diffusive exciton transport. The complex relationship observed here between exciton delocalization, trapping, and long-range transport, helps to inform the design, preparation, and implementation of carbon nanotube networks as active elements for optical and electronic applications.
Transition Metal Ion Complexes of Schiff‐bases. Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Properties (2000)

Some novel transition metal [Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II)] complexes of substituted pyridine Schiff-bases have been prepared and characterized by physical, spectral and analytical data. The synthesized Schiff-bases act as deprotonated tridentate for the complexation reaction with Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions. The new compounds, possessing the general formula [M(L)(2)] where [M=Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) and HL=HL(1), HL(2), HL(3) and HL(4)] show an octahedral geometry. In order to evaluate the effect of metal ions upon chelation, the Schiff bases and their complexes have been screened for antibacterial activity against the strains such as Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The complexed Schiff bases have shown to be more antibacterial against one more bacterial species as compared to uncomplexed Schiff-bases.
0222 The human milk microbiome and oligosaccharides: What's normal and so what? (2016)

Human milk is inarguably the only food “designed” to be consumed exclusively by humans, providing all the essential nutrients (and other bioactive compounds and constituents) needed for growth and development of the human infant. As such, understanding human milk composition and variation therein is critical to optimizing human health during this vulnerable time, particularly in the most at-risk infants. More complete characterization of human milk composition may also lend important insight as to what constitutes optimal nutrition in other phases of the lifecycle, not only for the human host but also for the myriad commensal, mutualistic, and sometimes pathologic microbes with which we coexist. However, our understanding of human milk composition and its impact on host and microbial health is far from complete. For instance, until recent advances in instrumentation allowing the detection and identification of difficult-to-culture bacteria, common dogma was that human milk was sterile unless produced by an infected mammary gland or contaminated after expression. As such, focus on the roles played by complex (an indigestible) human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) has been directed exclusively toward those related to the recipient infant and his/her gastrointestinal microbiota- roles that are without a doubt important for infant health. We now know that human milk contains a diverse population of bacteria. As such, we and others postulate that HMO may impact the microbial communities present in milk and the mammary gland producing it. Here we will briefly describe what is currently known about variation in the human milk microbiome and HMO as well as relationships among maternal diet, milk composition (including microbes and HMO), and the infant gastrointestinal microbiome. In addition, we will introduce an ongoing cross-cutting study funded by the Integrated National Science Foundation Support Promoting Interdisciplinary Research and Education (INSPIRE) mechanism designed to help us better understand what is normal in terms of milk microbes, HMO, and infant fecal microbiome in various locations worldwide. The importance of cooperation and interdisciplinary discussion around methods and vocabulary will be discussed, as will some of the challenges faced in terms of sample collection, storage, transport, and data analysis. Finally, selected preliminary data from the INSPIRE study and a framework for considerations for future studies designed to use big (and interdisciplinary) data to understand variation in global milk composition and how this is related to infant health will be presented.
Gas phase hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone over supported Ni catalysts with formic acid as hydrogen source (2016)

An efficient route for the transformation of levulinic acid without an external hydrogen source in a continuous process over supported Ni catalysts.
HIV Infection–Associated Tuberculosis: The Epidemiology and the Response (2010)

Of the 33.2 million persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), one-third are estimated to also be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2008, there were an estimated 1.4 million new cases of tuberculosis (TB) among persons with HIV infection, and TB accounted for 26% of AIDS-related deaths. The relative risk of TB among HIV-infected persons, compared with that among HIV-uninfected persons, ranges from 20- and 37-fold, depending on the state of the HIV epidemic. In 2008, 1.4 million patients with TB were tested globally for HIV, and 81 countries tested more than half of their patients with TB for HIV. Only 4% of all persons infected with HIV were screened for TB in the same year. Decentralization of HIV treatment services and strengthening of its integration with TB services are essential. Use of the highly decentralized TB services as an entry point to rapidly expand access to antiretroviral therapy and methods for prevention of HIV infection must be pursued aggressively.
Autosomal Dominant Hypophosphatemic Rickets/Osteomalacia: Clinical Characterization of a Novel Renal Phosphate-Wasting Disorder (1997)

Renal phosphate-wasting disorders are the most common form of hereditary rickets and osteomalacia in western countries. Although autosomal dominant transmission of renal phosphate wasting has been described, previous studies included too few affected individuals to adequately characterize the disorder. We performed clinical and biochemical evaluations of individuals from a large kindred with autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia. We identified 23 affected members in this family, and for some individuals, follow-up was up to 25 yr. As patients were all members of the same kindred, we had the opportunity to determine the clinical manifestations of the disorder in patients who presumably all have the same genetic mutation. Affected individuals have isolated renal phosphate wasting and inappropriately normal serum calcitriol concentrations. The inheritance pattern was consistent with autosomal dominant transmission with variable penetrance. The family contained two subgroups of affected individuals. Group 1 consisted of patients who presented with renal phosphate wasting as adolescents or adults. These patients presented with bone pain, weakness, and insufficiency fractures, but did not manifest lower extremity deformity. Group 2 consisted of patients who presented with phosphate wasting, rickets, and lower extremity deformity as children. Surprisingly, some individuals in group 2 lost the renal phosphate-wasting defect after puberty. In conclusion, autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia is an inherited disorder of isolated renal phosphate wasting. The spectrum of disease includes delayed onset of penetrance and loss of the renal phosphate-wasting defect. Our results have implications in the evaluation of patients who present with renal phosphate wasting as either adults or children.
A multi-metric objective picture-quality measurement model for MPEG video (2000)

Different coding schemes introduce different artifacts to the decoded pictures, making it difficult to design an objective quality model capable of measuring all of them. A feasible approach is to design a picture-quality model for each kind of known distortion, and combine the results from the models according to the perceptual impact of each type of impairment. In this letter, a multi-metric model comprising of a perceptual model and a blockiness detector is proposed, designed for MPEG video. Very high correlation between the objective scores from the model and the subjective assessment results has been achieved.
Improved Contact Predictions Using the Recognition of Protein Like Contact Patterns (2014)

Given sufficient large protein families, and using a global statistical inference approach, it is possible to obtain sufficient accuracy in protein residue contact predictions to predict the structure of many proteins. However, these approaches do not consider the fact that the contacts in a protein are neither randomly, nor independently distributed, but actually follow precise rules governed by the structure of the protein and thus are interdependent. Here, we present PconsC2, a novel method that uses a deep learning approach to identify protein-like contact patterns to improve contact predictions. A substantial enhancement can be seen for all contacts independently on the number of aligned sequences, residue separation or secondary structure type, but is largest for β-sheet containing proteins. In addition to being superior to earlier methods based on statistical inferences, in comparison to state of the art methods using machine learning, PconsC2 is superior for families with more than 100 effective sequence homologs. The improved contact prediction enables improved structure prediction.
Macroinvertebrate Sampling Methodology in Deepinstream Pools: Acomparison of Methods (2010)

(2010). Macroinvertebrate Sampling Methodology in Deepinstream Pools: Acomparison of Methods. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia: Vol. 134, No. 1, pp. 143-145.
20Gbps silicon lateral MOS-Capacitor electro-optic modulator (2018)

This work presents an experimental demonstration of a 500µm long MZI carrier accumulation type modulator based on lateral MOS-capacitor integration on a silicon platform. A modulation efficiency (VπLπ) of 1.53V-cm, moderate modulation speed of 20Gbit-s−1 and extinction ratio of 3.65dB have been obtained.
A microRNA gene expression signature predicts response to erlotinib in epithelial cancer cell lines and targets EMT (2011)

From these data, we hypothesise that the tumour microenvironment elicits TGFβ1 and stimulates a miRNA gene expression program that induces resistance to anti-EGFR therapy and drives lung tumour cells to EMT, invasion, and metastasis.
Visfatin Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation in Rat and Human Mesenteric Microvessels through Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Activity (2011)

Visfatin, also known as extracellular pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor (PBEF) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), is an adipocytokine whose circulating levels are enhanced in metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Circulating visfatin levels have been positively associated with vascular damage and endothelial dysfunction. Here, we investigated the ability of visfatin to directly impair vascular reactivity in mesenteric microvessels from both male Sprague-Dawley rats and patients undergoing non-urgent, non-septic abdominal surgery. The pre-incubation of rat microvessels with visfatin (50 and 100 ng/mL) did not modify the contractile response to noradrenaline (1 pmol/L to 30 µmol/L), as determined using a small vessel myograph. However, visfatin (10 to 100 ng/mL) concentration-dependently impaired the relaxation to acetylcholine (ACh; 100 pmol/L to 3 µmol/L), without interfering with the endothelium-independent relaxation to sodium nitroprusside (1 nmol/L to 3 µmol/L). In both cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells and rat microvascular preparations, visfatin (50 ng/mL) stimulated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity, as determined by lucigenin-derived chemiluminiscence. The relaxation to ACh impaired by visfatin was restored by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin (10 µmol/L). Additionally, the Nampt inhibitor APO866 (10 mmol/L to 10 µmol/L), but not an insulin receptor-blocking antibody, also prevented the stimulation of NADPH oxidase and the relaxation impairment elicited by visfatin. Accordingly, the product of Nampt activity nicotinamide mononucleotide (100 nmol/L to 1 mmol/L) stimulated endothelial NADPH oxidase activity and concentration-dependently impaired ACh-induced vasorelaxation. In human mesenteric microvessels pre-contracted with 35 mmol/L potassium chloride, the endothelium-dependent vasodilation to bradykinin (1 nmol/L to 3 µmol/L) was equally impaired by visfatin and restored upon co-incubation with APO866. In conclusion, visfatin impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation through a mechanism involving NADPH oxidase stimulation and relying on Nampt enzymatic activity, and therefore arises as a potential new player in the development of endothelial dysfunction.
Synthesen, Struktur und innermolekulare Beweglichkeit formaler C = \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \mathop {\rm N}\limits^ + $\end{document} = C=\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \mathop {\rm N}\limits^ - $\end{document} ‐Heterokumulene (1983)

Abstract Die durch Alkylierung von Alkylidencyanamiden 1 mit tert ‐Butylchlorid und Antimonpentachlorid erhältlichen Verbindungen sind nach einer Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 2a keine 1,3‐Diazabutatrieniumsalze 2 ″, sondern Alkylidencynamidiumsalze 2 . Nach dynamischen 13 C‐NMR‐Messungen zeigt 2b in Lösung gehinderte Rotation um mindestens eine C‐Aryl‐Bindung. Aus dem Koaleszenzverhalten der Aryl‐C‐Resonanzen wird geschlossen, daß die Kumulenform 2b ″ um Δ G = 36 ± 1 kJmol −1 instabiler als das gewinkelte Pseudokumulen 2b ist. Die Barriere der geometrischen Isomerisierung von (Diphenylmethylen)cyanamid ( 1b ) beträgt Δ G = 69 ± 1 kJmol −1 .
Moral intuitions about fault, parenting, and child custody after divorce. (2014)

abstract: Allocations of child custody postdivorce are currently determined according to the best interest standard; that is, what is best for the child. Decisions about what is best for a child necessarily reflect cultural norms, at least in part. It is therefore useful as well as interesting to ask whether current understandings of the best interest standard align with moral intuitions of lay citizens asked to take the role of judge in hypothetical cases. Do factors such as whether 1 parent had an extramarital affair influence how respondents would award custody? In the current studies, a representative sample of citizens awaiting jury service was first given a neutral scenario portraying an âaverageâ family. Almost 80% favored dividing custodial time equally between the 2 parents, replicating earlier findings. Then, in Study 1, they were given a second, test case, vignette in which either the mother or the father was said to have carried on an extramarital affair that âessentially ruined the marriage.â In Study 2, either the mother or the father was said to have sought the divorce, opposed by the other, simply because he or she âgrew tiredâ of the marriage. For both test cases, our respondents awarded the offending parent significantly less parenting time; about half of our respondents in each Study. The findings indicate that many citizens feel both having an affair and growing tired of the marriage is sufficient cause to award decreased parenting time, reasons for which are explored in the discussion.
Open-orbit magnetoresistance spectra of potassium (1982)

A theory of the open-orbit magnetoresistance of potassium, discovered by Coulter and Datars, is developed. The open orbits caused by the multiple periodicities of a charge-density-wave (CDW) state are derived. Since a single crystal consists of domains, each having its CDW wave vector along one of 24 preferred axes, we employ effective-medium theory to calculate the magnetoresistance rotation pattern. The effects of domain texture and size are illustrated. The magnetic field at which open-orbit peaks appear depends on the domain size, which we find to be \ensuremath{\sim}0.1 mm. The rotation pattern at 24 T is calculated in order to exhibit the detailed information that becomes available at extremely high fields. High-field experiments would aid in the determination of open-orbit directions and allow magnetic-breakdown studies of the energy gaps.
State‐of‐the‐Art Progress in Diverse Heterostructured Photocatalysts toward Promoting Photocatalytic Performance (2015)

Semiconductor photocatalysts have received much attention in recent years due to their great potentials for the development of renewable energy technologies, as well as for environmental protection and remediation. The effective harvesting of solar energy and suppression of charge carrier recombination are two key aspects in photocatalysis. The formation of heterostructured photocatalysts is a promising strategy to improve photocatalytic activity, which is superior to that of their single component photocatalysts. This Feature Article concisely summarizes and highlights the state‐of‐the‐art progress of semiconductor/semiconductor heterostructured photocatalysts with diverse models, including type‐I and type‐II heterojunctions, Z‐scheme system, p–n heterojunctions, and homojunction band alignments, which were explored for effective improvement of photocatalytic activity through increase of the visible‐light absorption, promotion of separation, and transportation of the photoinduced charge carries, and enhancement of the photocatalytic stability.
Experimental Verification of Decentralized Control Approach to Power Curtailment Instruction Problem for PV Generation Plants with Storage (2020)

PV (photovoltaic) generation has experienced the most growth among the renewable energy sources in the last several years, and the interconnection capacity of PV generations may continue to increase. However, more recently special problem in Japan, the capacity of qualified PV generation facilities exceeds the allowable interconnection capacity determined by each power grid company. This fact is recognized as a critical issue for reliable operations of power grids, and it will be enforced by law that the power grid company can announce the output power curtailment instruction signal to the PV generation plants. An output power curtailment essentially means wasting potential solar energy. Operating methodologies for the PV generation plant that can reduce the amount of wasted energy are needed to be developed. This paper considers the PV generation plant equipped with the energy storage and investigates decentralized management of power conditioning systems which are used to interconnect the PV and storage system into the grid. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is evaluated through the real physical experiments.
A Novel Method of Etching Copper Oxide Using Acetic Acid (2001)

The removal of copper oxide using acetic acid at low temperatures was investigated. Acetic acid removes a variety of copper oxides, including cuprous oxide, cupric oxide, and cupric hydroxide without attacking the underlying copper film. The removal of these oxides was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Acetic acid can tolerate up to 4 vol % water dilution without hindering the oxide removal while producing an oxide-free surface. However, if a deionized water rinse is performed after an acetic acid treatment, a surface film of cupric hydroxide forms immediately. An acetic acid treatment at 35°C without a water rinse removes the native copper oxide and produces an oxide-free, streak-free copper surface. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Novel Biomarker Panels Discriminating between Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Extrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma. (2022)

The suggested combined biomarker panels demonstrate the distinguishing diagnostic ability between PDAC and EBDC is better than previous studies. Therefore, for differentiation between PDAC and EBDC, these panels are expected to help unravel the clinicopathological enigma as promising biomarker panels in the future.