gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Looking for the Fifteenth-Century Author: De ilustres mujeres en romance (1994)

Despu??s de estudiar las glosas de "De ilustres mujeres", se encuentran evidencias del deseo del traductor al que se ha llamado "author" (Boccaccio) de presentarse como igual al "auctor" (an??nimo) -intelectualmente capaz de agregar material informativo al original, lo suficientemente seguro para estar en desacuerdo con el autor, y asegurar en su convicciones morales de que puede imponer sus est??ndares en el texto. Llega a la tarea no como un humilde empleado en presencia de la grandeza, sino m??s bien como un erudito capaz de agregar nuevas percepciones, impartir nueva informaci??n, e incluso contradecir al autor cuya grandeza no lo abruma
Joint Natural Resources and Government Policy: Helium and Natural Gas (1991)

A model of jointly extracted natural resources is developed to analyze the effects of taxation policies. Under the assumptions of perfectly competitive resource owners and perfect foresight, the intertemporal equilibrium is described and contrasted with the single resource case. The effects of several subsidies on the equilibrium prices, and the extraction and consumption paths of the two resources, are analyzed and applied to the case of helium and natural gas. The jointness of the resources leads to results different from those predicted by the single resource model.
Synthesis of novel chiral phosphinocyrhetrenyloxazoline ligands and their application in asymmetric catalysis (2002)

Several novel planar chiral phosphinocyrhetrenyloxazolines have been synthesized, and their catalytic activities have been evaluated in a variety of asymmetric catalytic reactions. Preferable effects as compared to their ferrocenyl analogues have been observed in asymmetric allylic amination and asymmetric hydrosilylation, and up to 97% ee and 72% ee were reached, respectively. The Lewis basicity of the phosphorus on the ferrocene and the cyrhetrene, which contributes to their different behavior in catalysis, has been deduced by 31P NMR spectroscopy analysis, as indicated by 1J(77Se-31P) in the corresponding phosphine selenides.
Opto-galvanic spectroscopy in a uranium hollow cathode discharge (1979)

Laser induced impedance changes in a hollow cathode discharge containing sputtered uranium atoms were used for standard spectroscopic measurements, the determination of oscillator strengths, the measurement of the electron temperature of the discharge, isotope ratio analysis, and obtaining information about the sputtering process. Concentrations of uranium atoms as small as 108/cc could be detected.
Evaluation of the Performance and Hematocrit Independence of the HemaPEN as a Volumetric Dried Blood Spot Collection Device (2019)

Dried blood spots (DBS) are often used as a less invasive alternative to venous blood sampling. Despite its numerous advantages, the use of conventional DBS suffers from the hematocrit (hct) effect when analyzing a subpunch. This effect could be avoided by using hct-independent sampling devices, of which the hemaPEN is a recent example. This device collects the blood via four integrated 2.74 μL microcapillaries, each depositing the blood on a prepunched paper disc. In this study, we evaluated the technical performance of the hemaPEN devices, using an extensive bioanalytical validation and application on authentic patient samples. An LC-MS/MS method quantifying caffeine and its metabolite paraxanthine in dried whole blood (using the hemaPEN device) was fully validated, meeting all preset acceptance criteria. A comparative analysis of 91 authentic patient samples (hct range: 0.17-0.53) of hemaPEN, 3 mm DBS subpunches, and whole blood revealed a limited hct dependence (≤7% concentration difference over a 0.20-0.50 hct range) for the hemaPEN devices, which we could not attribute to the analytical procedure. Using conventional partial-punch DBS (3 mm punches), concentration differences of ≥25% over this hct range were found. The hemaPEN showed to be robust to the effects of blood sample volume, device lot, analytical operator, and storage stability. The technical performance of the hemaPEN when dealing with patients having a high hct and in cases where a large blood drop is present should be further investigated. Based on the successful validation and application on patient samples, we conclude that the hemaPEN device shows good potential for the volumetric collection of DBS.
HgCdTe infrared diode arrays (1991)

This paper gives a description of the infrared photovoltaic detector technology developed by LETI and now industrialized by SOFRADIR. Results obtained on several kinds of arrays both in the 3-5 mu m and 8-12 mu m wavelength ranges are presented. The technological choices made by the laboratory to achieve components with increased complexities are also given.
Partial deafferentation of the developing rat spinal cord delays the spontaneous repression of GAD67 mRNAs in spinal cells. (1998)

Early and ubiquitous detection of GABA in the rat spinal cord before the occurrence of synaptogenesis has led to the concept of a neurotrophic role of GABA, in addition to a promoting effect on neurite extension and neurodevelopment. The aim of this study was to further establish, in vivo, evidence for a link between the maturation of spinal cord innervation and the regulation of several isoforms of the synthetic enzymes of GABA, the glutamic acid decarboxylases GAD65, GAD67, and EP10, the embryonic truncated form of GAD67. Neonatal capsaicin treatment was used to induce a specific loss of afferent fibers (unmyelinated C fibers, thin myelinated fibers A delta) to the dorsal horn. The regulation of various GAD mRNAs was investigated using sensitive techniques such as RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. The sensitivity of the methods was further enhanced by the use of a gaseous detector (beta-imager) to quantitate the mRNAs species. After neonatal capsaicin treatment, higher levels of GAD67 mRNA were detected transiently during the postnatal development of the rat spinal cord. A maximum two-fold increase of GAD67 mRNA was found on the day following the capsaicin injection and reached control values within 3 weeks. In contrast, GAD65 mRNA levels remained low and were unaffected by the treatment, and EP10 was not detected. In addition, we have found a similar upregulation, with the same time course, of the cytoskeletal protein beta-actin. The capsaicin-induction of mRNA synthesis was, however, two-fold greater for beta-actin than for GAD67. Moreover, since this upregulation of GAD67 mRNA coincides with the sprouting of unaffected afferent fibers and of 5HT axons, one can hypothesize that GAD67 participates in the structural plasticity occurring in reaction to the capsaicin-induced partial deafferentation.
Joint céramique haute température obtenu par projection thermique (2009)

La pile a combustible SOFC ( Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ) est actuellement une voie de production d’energie extremement attrayante pour le futur. De nombreux pays s’investissent dans le developpement de ces generateurs, et ce malgre plusieurs verrous technologiques a lever imperativement pour une emergence commerciale de cette technologie. Le CEA Le Ripault developpe actuellement une nouvelle generation de joints ceramiques fonctionnant a 900 °C pour repondre a la problematique d’etancheite de ces systemes.
Resignation (2023)

Thoroughly revised and updated to include contemporary terms that have gained importance such as furlough, unconscious bias, platform work, and Great Resignation, this second edition of the Encyclopedia of Human Resource Management is an authoritative and comprehensive reference resource comprising almost 400 entries on core HR areas and concepts.
NH2-MIL-53(Al): A High-Contrast Reversible Solid-State Nonlinear Optical Switch (2012)

The metal-organic framework NH(2)-MIL-53(Al) is the first solid-state material displaying nonlinear optical switching due to a conformational change upon breathing. A switching contrast of at least 38 was observed. This transition originates in the restrained linker mobility in the very narrow pore configuration.
Prospects and Limitations of Chemical and Isotopic Groundwater Monitoring to Assess the Potential Environmental Impacts of Unconventional Oil and Gas Development (2015)

With the advent of shale oil and shale gas development facilitated by hydraulic fracturing it has become increasingly important to develop tracer tools to scientifically determine potential impacts of stray gases, formation fluids, or fracturing chemicals on shallow aquifers. Based on a multi-year monitoring program conducted in Alberta (Canada), we demonstrate that a multi-isotope approach (δ2HH2O; δ18OH2O; δ13CCH4; δ2HCH4; δ13CC2H6) in concert with chemical analyses is highly capable of identifying potential contamination of shallow aquifers with stray gases or saline fluids from intermediate or production zones, provided that sufficient baseline data have been collected. At baseline conditions, we found that methane in shallow groundwater in southern Alberta is ubiquitous and predominantly of biogenic origin. Novel approaches of in-situ concentration and isotope measurements for methane during drilling of a 530 m deep well yielded a mud-gas profile characterizing natural gas occurrences in the intermediate zone. The assembled data set provides evidence that potential stray gas contamination by isotopically distinct deeper thermogenic gases from the intermediate or from production zones can be effectively detected by suitable monitoring programs.
[Incorrect placement of a vena cava catheter and its prevention by intra-atrial ECG]. (1988)

Up to now, radiological position control was obligatory due to the frequent complications arising from false cava catheter positioning. Apart from the radiological control, which is time consuming and expensive and involves the danger of allergic reactions due to contrast media, intraatrial ECG-recording can be applied to achieve correct positioning of the catheter tip. By this method exact placement of the catheter tip in the superior vena cava was possible in 98 of 100 cases examined. Only 2 catheters could not be placed: one was placed intra-arterially, and the other could not pass a venous valve. The method proved to be inexpensive, time saving and could even be applied in emergency situations (intraoperatively). Important prerequisites for the success of the procedure are a disturbance-free ECG-derivation, a sinus rhythm, and sufficient practical experience on the part of the examiner with regard to the assessment of intra-atrial ECG-alterations.
Tegaserod, a 5‐HT4 receptor partial agonist, relieves symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome patients with abdominal pain, bloating and constipation (2001)

Based upon the results of this study, tegaserod offers rapid and sustained relief of the abdominal pain and constipation associated with irritable bowel syndrome. Tegaserod is also well tolerated.
Reversible inhibitors of the gastric (H+/K+)-ATPase. 2. 1-Arylpyrrolo[3,2-c]quinolines: effect of the 4-substituent (1992)

Further work on compounds 1 has identified the 4-position as a site where substantial modifications are tolerated, leading to analogues which are more potent and less toxic than those described previously. The best compound in the series is 13a (SK&F 96356), which is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in both the pentagastrin-stimulated rat and the histamine-stimulated dog. This compound shows reversible, K(+)-competitive binding to the enzyme. Because of its fluorescent properties, it is also proving useful in vitro as a probe of the structure and function of the (H+/K+)-ATPase.
Switching frequency characterization of hysteresis control in a pump back test configuration (2017)

The pump back test is widely adopted in the industry for characterizing and qualifying the high-power converters. One popular pump back test mode is to tie the DC link of two converters together and circulate the current through the inductor connected between the AC terminals. In this mode, one of converter operates in voltage mode to generate the virtual grid and another converter regulates the circulating current. Hysteresis control could be applied to this test mode. However, the switching characteristic of the hysteresis control is unique due to the PWM type voltage being the virtual grid. This paper contributes to analyzing the switching frequency characteristics of the hysteresis control in a pump back test configuration. The switching frequency tracking phenomenon is for the first time revealed and reported in this paper. Theoretical analysis, simulation validation, and experimental demonstration are provided to support the major conclusions.
Design and Characterization of a Rotating Bed System Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering Applications (2008)

The main challenge in the development of bioreactors for tissue engineering is the delivery of a sufficient nutrient and oxygen supply for cell growth in a 3D environment. Thus, a new rotating bed system bioreactor for tissue engineering applications was developed. The system consists of a culture vessel as well as an integrated rotating bed of special porous ceramic discs and a process control unit connected with the reactor to ensure optimal culturing conditions. The aim of the project was the design and construction of a fully equipped rotating bed reactor, and in particular, the characterization and optimization of the system with regard to technical parameters such as mixing time and pH-control to guarantee optimal conditions for cell growth and differentiation. Furthermore, the applicability of the developed system was demonstrated by cultivation of osteoblast precursor cells. The porous structure of the ceramic discs and the external medium circulation loop provide an optimal environment for tissue generation in long-term cultivations. Mass transfer limitations were minimized by the slow rotation, which also provides the cells with sufficient nutrients and oxygen through alternate contact to air and medium. An osteoblast precursor cell line was successfully cultivated in this bioreactor for 28 days.
Prediction of Solidification Cracking in Laser Welds of Type 310 Stainless Steels (2013)

The occurrence of solidification cracks in laser welds of type 310 stainless steels was predicted by numerical analyses of the solidification brittle range (ductility curve for cracking) and thermal strain in the weld metal. The solidification brittle range in laser welding was estimated from that in arc welding based on the numerical analyses of supercooling (for calculating dendrite tip temperature) and segregation (for calculating completely solidified temperature) during rapid solidification. The calculated solidification brittle range was reduced with an increase in the welding speed because of the enhanced supercooling and the inhibited solidification segregation. The thermal strain analysis by FEM suggested that solidification cracks would occur in SUS310S welds at laser travelling velocity of 60mm/s applying the initial strain of 1.5%, while no solidification cracks in SUS310EHP welds at any laser travelling velocities applying the higher initial strain of 2.2%. The cantilever type cracking test in laser welding revealed that the predicted results of occurrence of solidification cracks were consistent with experimental ones.
Automated bus transfer control for critical industrial processes (2002)

The techniques and methods for maintaining continuous electrical power to petroleum and chemical facilities from two or more utility feeders by an automated bus transfer logic controller system are discussed. The purpose of this system is to reduce transients, torsional forces, inrush currents, and motor stress, while maintaining continuous motor operation when the primary utility source experiences an interruption and the operating facility transfers of the motor load to an alternative source of electrical supply. The economic considerations of maintaining continuity of production during power supply interruptions using a transfer logic controller to supervise bus transfers may be significant. The relay system continuously monitors the alternative source, the load bus and the normal source, and performs the necessary logic for power supply bus transfers in two directions by automatically selecting from either the fast, in-phase, or residual voltage methods. Engineering studies, application considerations, motor control design requirements, installation, and operation of the automated bus transfer controller for a chemical facility are presented and discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Elimination of breast tumor-associated chondroitin sulfate promotes metastasis (2011)

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths amongst women in the USA. The tumor microenvironment has been suggested to be an attractive therapeutic target for treatment of cancers. The glycosaminoglycan chondroitin sulfate, as part of the cellular microenvironment, consists of long linear chains of repeating disaccharide units, which are covalently attached to core proteins to form chondroitin sulfate-proteoglycans. In vitro studies have implicated chondroitin sulfate in various aspects of carcinogenesis, whereas the in vivo roles of chondroitin sulfate are less clear. Drastically elevated levels of chondroitin sulfate have been observed within the stromal compartment of many solid tumors, including human breast carcinomas, the significance of which is unknown. We examined the role of tumor-associated chondroitin sulfate in breast cancer progression. Enzymatic elimination of endogenous chondroitin sulfate by intra-tumor injections of chondroitinase ABC leads to the development of secondary tumors and increased lung metastases, while primary orthotopic tumor growth was not affected. These results establish a metastasis-inhibiting effect of primary breast tumor-associated chondroitin sulfate, which may open novel carbohydrate-based therapeutic strategies to combat breast cancer.
Biomedical Application of Commercial Polymers and Novel Polyisobutylene-Based Thermoplastic Elastomers for Soft Tissue Replacement (2004)

Novel polyisobutylene-based thermoplastic elastomers are introduced as prospective implant materials for soft tissue replacement and reconstruction. In comparison, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), polypropylene (PP), polyurethanes (PU), and silicones are outlined from well-established implant history as being relatively inert and biocompatible biomaterials for soft tissue replacement, especially in vascular grafts and breast implants. Some general considerations for the design and development of polymers for soft tissue replacement are reviewed from the viewpoint of material science and engineering, with special attention to synthetic materials used in vascular grafts and breast implants.
Sex‐ and age‐adjusted prevalence estimates of five chronic inflammatory skin diseases in France: results of the « OBJECTIFS PEAU » study (2018)

This is the largest population-based study aiming to estimate the prevalence of five chronic skin inflammatory diseases.
Synthesis and characterization of arsacycloalkanes and their palladium and platinum complexes, and X-ray structure of [PdCl2(PhAsCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2)2] (1999)

Reactions of PhAsCl2 with BrMg(CH2)nMgBr (n = 4 or 5) in THF gave phenylarsacycloalkanes as colourless oily liquids which could be distilled under vacuum. Treatment of PhAs(CH2)n­with MCl2(RCN)2 (M = Pd or Pt; R = Ph­or Me) afforded mononuclear complexes, [MCl2{PhAs(CH2)n}2]. Reactions with [Pt2Cl2(μ-Cl)2(PEt3)2] gave mixed-ligand complexes, [PtCl2(PEt3){PhAs(CH2)n]. The palladium complexes adopt a trans geometry whereas the platinum complexes exist in a cis configuration. The crystal and molecular structure of [PdCl2(PhAsCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2)2] was determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The molecule consists of a square-planar palladium atom with trans chlorides and trans arsa ligands. The six-membered ‘AsC5′ ring adopts a chair conformation. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Candidate for the ITU-T G.722 Packet Loss Concealment Standard (2007)

This paper presents a candidate for the ITU-T G.722 packet loss concealment standard. The algorithm is based on waveform extrapolation in the speech domain. The strong backward adaptive nature of G.722 makes the state update during lost frames a challenge. The paper presents methods to update the G.722 subband decoder state memory during packet loss. Furthermore, novel techniques to facilitate smooth transition after packet loss are described. Formal subjective test results indicate that the algorithm far exceeds all requirements in the ITU-T terms of reference. Most techniques are applicable to G.726 as well, and some are easily extendable to other speech coders with memory.
Clinically-driven design of synthetic gene regulatory programs in human cells (2021)

Abstract Synthetic biology seeks to enable the rational design of regulatory molecules and circuits to reprogram cellular behavior. The application of this approach to human cells could lead to powerful gene and cell-based therapies that provide transformative ways to combat complex diseases. To date, however, synthetic genetic circuits are challenging to implement in clinically-relevant cell types and their components often present translational incompatibilities, greatly limiting the feasibility, efficacy and safety of this approach. Here, using a clinically-driven design process, we developed a toolkit of programmable synthetic transcription regulators that feature a compact human protein-based design, enable precise genome-orthogonal regulation, and can be modulated by FDA-approved small molecules. We demonstrate the toolkit by engineering therapeutic human immune cells with genetic programs that enable titratable production of immunotherapeutics, drug-regulated control of tumor killing in vivo and in 3D spheroid models, and the first multi-channel synthetic switch for independent control of immunotherapeutic genes. Our work establishes a powerful platform for engineering custom gene expression programs in mammalian cells with the potential to accelerate clinical translation of synthetic systems.
Effects of earthquake on perinatal outcomes: A Chilean register-based study (2018)

In this cohort, exposure to the February 2010 earthquake resulted in earlier delivery and reduced length and head circumference in the offspring. This association varied according to trimester of exposure and fetal gender. Health workers should include exposed to high levels of stress associated with natural disasters when assessing pregnancy risk factors.
Angiographic Follow-up after Placement of a Self-Expanding Coronary-Artery Stent (1991)

Early occlusion remains an important limitation of this coronary-artery stent. Even when the early effects are beneficial, there are frequently late occlusions or restenosis. The place of this form of treatment for coronary artery disease remains to be determined.
Effects of Topical Application of Ibudilast for Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis in Patients Wearing Soft Contact Lenses (2009)

These results suggest that topical application of ibudilast while using 2 Week Pure lenses can improve subjective symptoms without influencing drug adsorption or lens morphology.