gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rewriting OLAP queries using materialized views and dimension hierarchies in data warehouses (2002)

OLAP queries involve a lot of aggregations on a large amount of data in data warehouses. To process expensive OLAP queries efficiently, we propose a new method for rewriting a given OLAP query using the various kinds of materialized aggregate views which already exist in data warehouses. We first define the normal forms of OLAP queries and materialized views based on the lattice of dimension hierarchies and the semantic information in data warehouses. Conditions for the usability of a materialized view in rewriting a given query are specified by relationships between the components of their normal forms. We present a rewriting algorithm for OLAP queries that effectively utilizes existing materialized views. The proposed algorithm can make use of materialized views having different selection granularities, selection regions and aggregation granularities together, to generate an efficient rewritten query.
Studies on Ectopic ACTH-Producing Tumors<subtitle>III. An Ectopic Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone: Gel Chromatographic Finding and Time-Lapse Color Change of Frog Skin</subtitle> (1975)

On isolation of the main melanocyte-stimulating factor from the metastatic liver tumor of islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas, it was found to be a peptide resembling human β-MSH in the time-lapse skin darkening response of Xenopus frogs, but different in the volume of elution on Sephadex gel chromatography.
Statistics of Laser Beam Fade Induced by Pointing Jitter (1973)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text David L. Fried, "Statistics of Laser Beam Fade Induced by Pointing Jitter," Appl. Opt. 12, 422-423 (1973) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Glucosylated Collagen Is Antigenic (1983)

Sera from rats inoculated with in vitro glucosylated rat skin acid-soluble collagen were evaluated for specific antibody response using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data indicate that the altered protein is capable of eliciting the production of antibodies, but unmodified collagen is not. The specificity of the generated antibodies appears to be directed toward the glucitollysine residues of the modified collagen. Sera from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats contain antibodies that clearly bind glucosylated collagen. These results provide support for the hypothesis that in diabetes mellitus increased collagen glucosylation during chronic hyperglycemia may be the initiating event of an autoimmune response leading to the long-term complications.
Wetting properties on nanostructured surfaces of cicada wings (2009)

This study has investigated the wettability of forewings of 15 species of cicadas, with distinctly different wetting properties related to their nanostructures. The wing surfaces exhibited hydrophilic or weak to strong hydrophobic properties with contact angles ranging from 76.8 deg. to 146.0 deg. The nanostructures (protrusions), observed using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), were classified into four types according to the patterning, diameter (82-148 nm), spacing (44-117 nm) and height (159-446 nm). Surface analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed significant differences in wing membrane chemistry. Thus, wetting properties at the macroscopic scale were dependent on slight differences in nanoscale architecture and composition of the wax layer. This investigation offers insights into the diversity of nanostructuring and how subtle small-scale changes may facilitate large changes in wettability.
Non-linear Current-Voltage Property across &Sigma;5(210) Symmetric Tilt Boundary in Nb-Doped SrTiO<SUB>3</SUB> Bicrystal (2004)

Grain boundary structure and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics were investigated for Σ5(210) symmetrical tilt boundary of a Nb-doped SrTiO3 bicrystal. The bicrystal was prepared by a hot-joining technique at high temperature in air. The high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) study has revealed that the grain boundaries were perfectly joined at an atomic level without intergranular phases such as amorphous or secondary precipitates. In spite of the high coherency, the boundary tends to be faceted with low index planes of (110) and (410) to reduce grain boundary energy. On the other hand, the I-V property across the boundary was found to exhibit a cooling rate dependency from annealing temperature. In addition, the dependency shows a peak against cooling rates. This fact suggests that the non-linearity in I-V relation is dominantly controlled by a non-equilibrium process of a defect reaction.
Detection of Acute Tolerance to the Analgesic and Nonanalgesic Effects of Remifentanil Infusion in a Rabbit Model (2003)

Using a new rabbit model, we found that during continuous, constant-rate remifentanil infusion acute tolerance developed within the first few hours, not only to its analgesic but also to its cardiovascular and respiratory effects, albeit in slightly different time courses.
Layered GaGe2Te: structure and chemical bonding (2023)

Abstract The structure of the new compound GaGe 2 Te has been determined using nanofocused synchrotron radiation. The trigonal structure (space group P m 1, a =4.0443(3) Å, c =14.923(2) Å, V=211.38(4) Å 3 ; Z=2) consists of Ge bilayers sandwiched by Ga−Te layers. Ge and Ga are tetrahedrally coordinated. The layer packages are separated by a van der Waals gap with a Te−Te distance of 4.1502(7) Å. The structure resembles that of GaGeTe but features an additional Ge atom layer. Despite small scattering contrast of Ga and Ge, precise high‐resolution data enable unequivocal atom assignment as confirmed by R values of different models. DFT calculations suggest only a small extent of charge transfer, which is confirmed by both Bader and Mulliken charges. Thus, bonding within the layer packages is predominantly covalent, especially between Ga and Ge. Formal oxidation states according to Ga III Ge (0) Ge −I Te −II , i. e. assuming rather ionic Ge−Ga bonds, convey a much less realistic situation than Ga II Ge 2 (0) Te −II , which is in line with GaGeTe.
Targeting syk kinase for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma (2007)

3600 Background: B-Cells require constitutive signaling from the B-Cell Receptor (BCR). Elimination of the BCR induces cell death. Since the BCR lacks enzymatic activity and relies upon the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Syk to initiate a signal transduction cascade, we hypothesized that R406; a small molecule Syk kinase inhibitor might eliminate the constitutive BCR signal and therefore have selective cytotoxicity for B-cells. Methods: Signal transduction changes were evaluated in cell lines and primary normal B-Cells via western blotting and phosphoflow cytometry. Effects on B-Cell, T-Cell, and Myeloid lineage cell lines were evaluated by 3H-thymidine proliferation assays, BRDU cell cycle analysis, and Annexin-V staining. Primary tumor samples were evaluated for B-Cell selective toxicity by evaluation of active caspase activity. Results: In cell culture R406 significantly alters the basal phosphorylation status of multiple proteins. Proliferation of B-Cell lines is reduced with an IC50 range of 625nM to 2.5uM without effect on T-Cell or Myeloid lineage cell lines. Cell cycle analysis reveals a reduction in B-Cell S-Phase with increase in G1/G0. Apoptosis is also increased in the B-cell lines without significant increase in the non-B cell lines. Primary normal B-Cells show reduced phosphorylation of BTK, Erk, and p38 in response to BCR cross linking. Primary tumor samples reveal activity against B-Cell neoplasms. In samples containing both malignant B-Cells and normal T-Cells, the induction of active caspase-3 is restricted to the malignant B-Cell population. Conclusions: 1) R406 alters signal transduction in B-Cells. 2) R406 demonstrates selective anti-B-Cell activity among cell lines. 3) Primary tumor samples reveal cytotoxic activity against malignant B-Cells without toxicity to T-Cells within the same specimen. 4) This compound has been safely tested in humans for non-malignant diseases with an appropriate pharmacokinetic profile; therefore these results support the initiation of an upcoming multicenter phase I/II clinical trial in patients with lymphoma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Supplementary Figures 1-12 from HDAC Inhibition Enhances the <i>In Vivo</i> Efficacy of MEK Inhibitor Therapy in Uveal Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1: Gene ontology network analysis of uveal melanoma cells following MEKi treatment (24h) and ABPP. Supplemental Figure 2: ET-3 increases nuclear accumulation of YAP in 92.1, Mel270, MP41 and OMM1 cells. Supplemental Figure 3: ET-1 does not induce YAP reporter activity in 92.1 or Mel270 cells. Supplemental Figure 4: HDAC inhibitors increase the cytotoxic effects of MEK inhibition. Supplemental Figure 5: MEK inhibition leads to an increase in global protein acetylation in uveal melanoma cells. Supplemental Figure 6: MEKi, HDACi and the MEKi-HDACi combination do not affect the survival of primary uveal melanocytes. Supplemental Figure 7: HDACi suppresses MEKi-induced release of ET-3 from uveal melanoma cells. Supplemental Figure 8: Negative modulation of PI3K-AKT pathway by combinatory treatment with MEKi+HDACi. Supplemental Figure 9: The MEK-HDACi combination delivers durable responses in the 92.1 uveal melanoma xenograft model. Supplemental Figure 10: Macroscopic findings of liver tumor formation after inoculation of MP41 by tail vein injection. Supplemental Figure 11: Uncropped blots Supplemental Figure 12: Flow cytometry plots&lt;/p&gt;
Chaos in the heart: signals and models (2002)

How does the heart's rhythm become chaotic and turn fatal? This question is addressed in a combined experimental, modeling and signal analysis study. Under normal electrophysiological conditions, electrical conduction in the heart is maintained by a network of electrically coupled cells. Action potential generation and conduction in this network of cells can be mathematically modeled and simulated on a computer. A well timed, ectopic stimulation can introduce abnormal conduction leading to a self-sustaining rhythm described as reentry. Computer simulations as well as experiments show that the reentrant rhythm is generated by spiral waves that continue to perpetuate the rhythm at a fast rate, causing tachycardia or fibrillation. Signal analysis of ventricular fibrillation rhythm reveals that this rhythm is indeed chaotic but a has high correlation dimension. Surprisingly, the rhythm of a single cell in a fibrillating heart exhibits only a low dimensional chaos. Use of chaos as a signal analysis tool is useful for discriminating ventricular fibrillation from non-life threatening rhythms such as sinus and ventricular tachycardia. In summary, the fatal rhythm of the heart can be modeled and analyzed with the help of sophisticated mathematical tools. These technique should find applications in research and development associated with external or implantable defibrillators and cardiac rhythm management devices.
Sub-THz source integrated in low-cost Silicon Photonic technology targeting 40 Gb/s wireless links (2017)

Following the race for transmitting/receiving at higher data rate, we can observe intensive development of millimeter-wave wireless systems in low-cost CMOS technology. Data rates above 10 Gb/s are now targeted in order to address the data traffic bottleneck of backhaul links for the 5G wireless network. To do so, antenna-systems operating at sub-THz frequencies show great potential, leveraging high-performance photonic technology. This paper presents a sub-THz source based on a SiGe PIN photodiode integrated in low-cost Silicon Photonic technology. Using a laser beat-note, the photodiode delivers an output power ranging from -20 dBm to -29 dBm between 125 and 325 GHz. Leveraging this wide operating band, data rate exceeding 40 Gb/s can be targeted.
Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction with and without Atrial Fibrillation (2023)

In patients with HF and ejection fraction >40%, empagliflozin reduced the risk of serious HF events and slowed the eGFR decline regardless of baseline AF.
Structure and topology of a peptide segment of the 6th transmembrane domain of theSaccharomyces cerevisae ?-factor receptor in phospholipid bilayers (2001)

A detailed analysis of the structure of an 18-residue peptide AQSLLVPSIIFILAYSLK [M6(252-269, C252A)] in 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine bilayers was carried out using solid state NMR and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The peptide corresponds to a portion of the 6th transmembrane domain of the alpha-factor receptor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ten homologs of M6(252-269, C252A) were synthesized in which individual residues were labeled with (15)N. One- and two-dimensional solid state NMR experiments were used to determine the chemical shifts and (1)H-(15)N dipolar coupling constants for the (15)N-labeled peptides in oriented dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine bilayers on stacked glass plates. These parameters were used to calculate the structure and orientation of M6(252-269, C252A) in the bilayers. The results indicate that the carboxyl terminal residues (9-14) are alpha-helical and oriented with an angle of about 8 degrees with respect to the bilayer normal. Independently, an attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis on M6(252-269, C252A) in a 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine bilayer concluded that the helix tilt angle was about 12.5 degrees. The results on the structure of M6(252-269, C252A) in bilayers are in good agreement with the structure determined in trifluoroethanol/water solutions (B. Arshava et al. Biopolymers, 1998, Vol. 46, pp. 343-357). The present study shows that solid state NMR spectroscopy can provide high resolution information on the structure of transmembrane domains of a G protein-coupled receptor.
von Willebrand factor and endothelial damage in essential hypertension. (1993)

The relationship between von Willebrand factor antigen (vWFAg, a specific endothelial cell product) and hypertension was examined. Circulating vWFAg levels were measured in serum from patients attending a hypertension clinic and in normotensive controls. The vWFAg was higher in those patients with uncontrolled hypertension at 131 +/- 34 IU/dl than in controls (90 +/- 30 IU/dl) and in those whose hypertension was controlled 104 +/- 29 IU/dl (P < 0.001). Levels of vWFAg correlated with both SBP (r = 0.42, P < 0.0002) and DBP (r = 0.25, P < 0.05), but serum from neither group of patients was more cytotoxic to cultured endothelial cells in vitro than was serum from controls. Neither symptoms of cardiovascular or peripheral vascular disease or two of its risk factors (hypercholesterolaemia or smoking, alone or in combination) appeared to further increase vWFAg in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. However, vascular disease and the same risk factors did increase vWFAg to 133 +/- 36 IU/dl in those patients with controlled hypertension (P < 0.001). These data indicate a relationship between vWFAg and hypertension and suggest that endothelial damage may indeed be important in the vascular complications of hypertension.
Attempts to Mimic Key Bond-Forming Events Associated with the Proposed Biogenesis of the Pentacyclic Lamellarins (2008)

The pyrrole-tethered veratroles 16 and 27 each engage in PIFA-induced oxidative cyclization reactions to give compounds 22 and 29, respectively, which incorporate a key tricyclic fragment associated with the title natural products. In contrast, the corresponding catechols 11 and 12 only produce polymeric materials on subjection to analogous reaction conditions. Efforts to study lactone ring formation by the oxidative cyclization of catechol 30 and veratrole 38 have been thwarted by an inability to prepare the former substrate and decomposition of the latter. The reported conversions 44 ? 45 and 46 ? 47 suggest that a C2-carboxy group attached to the pyrrole ring can ‘direct’ the oxidative cyclization of N-tethered aryl groups. The acquisition of compound 22 by the means described herein provides an adventitious and concise route to the racemic modification of the pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline alkaloid crispine A (52).
High School Dropout and the Role of Career and Technical Education: A Survival Analysis of Surviving High School (2008)

This article uses data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to investigate high school dropout and its association with the high school curriculum. In particular, it examines how combinations of career and technical education (CTE) and core academic courses influence the likelihood of leaving school. Hazards models indicate a significant curvilinear association between the CTE-to-academic course-taking ratio and the risk of dropping out for youths who were aged 14 and younger when they entered the ninth grade (not old for grade). This finding suggests that a middle-range mix of exposure to CTE and an academic curriculum can strengthen a student's attachment to or motivation while in school. The same association was not found between course taking and the likelihood of dropping out for youths who were aged 15 or older when they entered high school, thus prompting further consideration of the situation of being old for grade in school settings that remain highly age graded in their organization.
Errors from asymmetric emission rate in spaceborne, limb sounding Doppler interferometry: A correction algorithm with application to ICON/MIGHTI (2020)

The Michelson Interferometer for Global High-resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) on NASA's Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) mission is designed to measure the neutral wind and temperature between 90 and ∼300 km altitude. Using the Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne (DASH) spectroscopy technique, observations from MIGHTI can be used to derive thermospheric winds by measuring Doppler shifts of the atomic oxygen red line (630.0 nm) and green line (557.7 nm). Harding et al. (2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-017-0359-3) (Harding17) describe the wind retrieval algorithm in detail and point out the large uncertainties that result near the solar terminators and equatorial arcs, regions of large spatial gradients in airglow volume emission rates (VER). The uncertainties originate from the assumption of a constant VER at every given altitude, resulting in errors where the assumption is not valid when limb sounders, such as MIGHTI, observe regions with significant VER gradients. In this work, we introduce a new wind retrieval algorithm (Wu20) with the ability to account for VER that is asymmetric along the line of sight with respect to the tangent point. Using the predicted ICON orbit and simulated global VER variation, the greatest impact of the symmetric airglow assumption to the ICON vector wind product is found within 30° from the terminator when the spacecraft is in the dayside, causing an error of at least 10 m/s. The new algorithm developed in this study reduces the error near the terminator by a factor of 10. Although Wu20 improves the accuracy of the retrievals, it loses precision by 75% compared to Harding17.
A low bit rate segmented video codec with hybrid motion estimation and inherent bit rate control capability (2002)

In this paper a segmented video codec with hybrid motion estimation and inherent bit rate control capability is presented. The first frame in the data is always encoded in intraframe mode, while the rest of the frames are encoded in interframe mode. The interframe encoding is based on (1) hybrid conventional/perspective block motion vector estimation and coding, and (2) coding of the prediction error (displaced frame difference, "DFD") using segmented image coding techniques. We present a way to partition the DFD in moving and static regions and we explain how this classification strategy can be used as a means to control the bit rate. The simulation results show that the hybrid motion estimation technique outperforms the conventional full search block-matching method by improving the overall PSNR for reduced bit rate, and that the bit rate control strategy, although simple, is very efficient for monitoring both the bit rate and the quality degradation.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Metastasis Suppressor NM23-H1 Promotes Repair of UV-Induced DNA Damage and Suppresses UV-Induced Melanomagenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 59K&lt;/p&gt;
Outcomes of acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) in HIV infection with and without HBV-active antiretroviral therapy (2021)

Men with acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study from 1985 to 2013 had serological testing to determine proportions with HBV recovery or chronic hepatitis B (CHB). A similar proportion of men without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and men with HIV receiving HBV-active antiretroviral therapy (ART) developed CHB [8.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.8-15.0% vs. 7.7%, 95% CI 2.00-36.0%]. In contrast, 17.5% (95% CI 8.7-29.9%) of men living with HIV, not on HBV-active ART developed CHB. HBV-active ART protects against developing CHB.
A Virtual Reality Test for the Assessment of Cognitive Deficits: Usability and Perspectives (2013)

The assessment of cognitive deficits, such as executive functions, can be critical in neuropsychology because is not easy to catch all the important cues of real-life behavior using the classic paper and pensil tests or even sophisticated laboratory tasks. On the other hand, using virtual simulations of prototypical daily situations, by the means of 3D virtual environments, it is possible to create situations which could help the therapeutic assessment, within the safe context of the therapist's laboratory. In this study, we described how we assessing executive functions using a Virtual Reality Test. © 2013 ICST.
Model-based estimation of cylinder pressure sensor offset using least-squares methods (2002)

Two methods for estimating the sensor offset of a cylinder pressure transducer are developed. Both methods fit the pressure data during pre-combustion compression to a polytropic curve. The first method assumes a known polytropic exponent, and the other estimates the polytropic exponent. The first method results in a linear least-squares problem, and the second method results in a nonlinear least-squares problem. The nonlinear least-squares problem is solved by separating out the nonlinear dependence and solving the single-variable minimization problem. For this, a finite difference Newton method is applied. Using this method, the cost of solving the nonlinear least-squares problem is only slightly higher than solving the linear least-squares problem. Both methods show good statistical behavior. Estimation error variances are inversely proportional to the number of pressure samples used for the estimation. The method is computationally inexpensive, and well suited for real-time control applications.
Plastic General Instability Analysis of Deep Sea Water Pressure Casing (2019)

This paper discusses the design and analysis of 6000 meters depth rated pressure casing made of 17-4 PH Stainless Steel grade H900. Analytical calculation and finite element analysis are carried out to predict the buckling behaviour and strength of the pressure casing. The result of numerical analysis shows reduction in buckling pressure while considering geometric and material non-linearities. At critical equilibrium state, a dimensionless number φ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> of a structure is used. From the stress-strain curve of a material, a four-parameter formula that contains φ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> is established. This formula is used for calculating the inelastic buckling of deep sea water pressure casing. The results from analysis show that the selected material and design are acceptable for pressure casing at 600 bar hydrostatic pressure.