gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ramelteon (TAK-375) Accelerates Reentrainment of Circadian Rhythm after a Phase Advance of the Light-Dark Cycle in Rats (2005)

In vivo pharmacological effects of ramelteon (TAK-375), a novel, highly MT1/MT2-selective receptor agonist, were studied in rats to determine ramelteon's ability to reentrain the circadian rhythm after an abrupt phase advance. Experiments were also conducted to assess the potential cognitive side effects of ramelteon and its potential to become a drug of abuse. After an abrupt 8-h phase shift, ramelteon (0.1 and 1 mg/kg, p.o.) and melatonin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) accelerated reentrainment of running wheel activity rhythm to the new lightdark cycle. Ramelteon (3-30 mg/kg, p.o.) and melatonin (10-100 mg/kg, p.o.) did not affect learning or memory in rats tested by the water maze task and the delayed match to position task, although diazepam and triazolam impaired both of the tasks. Neither ramelteon (3-30 mg/kg, p.o.) nor melatonin (10-100 mg/kg, p.o.) demonstrated a rewarding property in the conditioned place-preference test, implying that MT1/MT2 receptor agonists have no abuse potential. In contrast, benzodiazepines and morphine showed rewarding properties in this test. The authors' results suggest that ramelteon may be useful for treatment of circadian rhythm sleep disorders without adverse effects typically associated with benzodiazepine use, such as learning and memory impairment, and drug dependence.
Development of everolimus, a novel oral mTOR inhibitor, across a spectrum of diseases (2013)

Everolimus is a potent, oral inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) that has been investigated in multiple clinical development programs since 1996. A unique collaboration between academic and pharmaceutical experts fostered research that progressed rapidly, with simultaneous indication findings across numerous tumor types. Initially developed for the prophylaxis of organ transplant rejection, everolimus has demonstrated efficacy and safety for the treatment of patients with various types of cancer (renal cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors of pancreatic origin, and breast cancer) and for adult and pediatric patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. The FDA approval of everolimus for these diseases has addressed several unmet medical needs and is widely accepted by the medical community where treatment options may be limited. An extensive clinical development program is ongoing to establish the role of everolimus as monotherapy, or in combination with other agents, in the treatment of a broad spectrum of malignancies.
Learning Human Optical Flow (2018)

The optical flow of humans is well known to be useful for the analysis of human action. Given this, we devise an optical flow algorithm specifically for human motion and show that it is superior to generic flow methods. Designing a method by hand is impractical, so we develop a new training database of image sequences with ground truth optical flow. For this we use a 3D model of the human body and motion capture data to synthesize realistic flow fields. We then train a convolutional neural network to estimate human flow fields from pairs of images. Since many applications in human motion analysis depend on speed, and we anticipate mobile applications, we base our method on SpyNet with several modifications. We demonstrate that our trained network is more accurate than a wide range of top methods on held-out test data and that it generalizes well to real image sequences. When combined with a person detector/tracker, the approach provides a full solution to the problem of 2D human flow estimation. Both the code and the dataset are available for research.
The Endoscopic Fascial Sling for Treatment of Female Urinary Stress Incontinence (1996)

The endoscopic fascial sling offers a new alternative for the treatment of female stress incontinence, combining the reliability of sling procedures and the decreased morbidity of needle suspension techniques.
Neural Re-Simulation for Generating Bounces in Single Images (2019)

We introduce a method to generate videos of dynamic virtual objects plausibly interacting via collisions with a still image's environment. Given a starting trajectory, physically simulated with the estimated geometry of a single, static input image, we learn to 'correct' this trajectory to a visually plausible one via a neural network. The neural network can then be seen as learning to `correct' traditional simulation output, generated with incomplete and imprecise world information, to obtain context-specific, visually plausible re-simulated output - a process we call neural re-simulation. We train our system on a set of 50k synthetic scenes where a virtual moving object (ball) has been physically simulated. We demonstrate our approach on both our synthetic dataset and a collection of real-life images depicting everyday scenes, obtaining consistent improvement over baseline alternatives throughout.
Cloning of several species of MLL/MEN chimeric cDNAs in myeloid leukemia with t(11;19)(q23;p13.1) translocation (1995)

The t(11;19)(q23;p13.1) translocation is thought to play an important role in pathogenesis of myeloid leukemias in older patients. The MLL gene involved in other 11q23 abnormalities was also rearranged by this translocation. Screening of cDNA libraries of the t(11;19)(q23;p13.1)-carrying leukemic cells resulted in the isolation of several species of fusion cDNAs between the MLL gene and an unknown gene on 19p13.1, named MEN (myeloid eleven-nineteen translocation), which is ubiquitously expressed. Although the MLL gene was alternatively spliced, the fusion protein should contain an N-terminal half of the MLL, including AT hook motifs, that is fused to the MEN protein with a lysine-rich sequence, suggesting that the MLL/MEN fusion protein could be a chimeric transcription factor. The MLL/MEN fusion transcripts of 8.0 kb were detected in leukemic cells of two cases with the translocation. The MLL/MEN fusion was consistent in all three cases of the t(11;19)(q23;p13.1)-carrying leukemia examined by RNA-based polymerase chain reaction. These findings strongly suggest that the t(11;19)(q23;p13.1) results in the fusion formation encoding a new class of potential chimeric transcription factor that contributes to leukemogenesis of myeloid lineage.
Patterns ofMycoplasma hyopneumoniaeInfections in Belgian Farrow‐to‐Finish Pig Herds with Diverging Disease‐Course (2002)

Patterns of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mh) infections were investigated in five clinically infected herds and in five herds subclinically infected with Mh. In the clinically infected herds, housing and management conditions were good whereas these conditions were poor in the subclinically infected herds. In each herd, serum antibodies against Mh were detected in pigs of different ages and nasal swabs were taken for Mh detection using nested PCR (nPCR). The percentage of seropositive pigs in the clinically infected herds increased from 8% in pigs of 9 weeks to 52% in pigs of 18 weeks and seroconversion was most shown between 12 and 15 weeks. In the subclinically infected herds, the percentages increased from 2 to 24% and most of the pigs became seropositive between 15 and 18 weeks. The percentage of nPCR positive pigs at 6 weeks was 16 and 0% in the clinically and subclinically infected herds, respectively. The results demonstrate that the seroprevalences were higher in the clinically infected herds and that most of the pigs became infected with Mh at a younger age. It can be concluded that additional factors different from housing and management, like differences among Mh strains, may determine the infection pattern of Mh and the clinical course of the infection.
Establishment and Characterization of Paired Primary and Peritoneal Seeding Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines: Identification of Genes That Mediate Metastatic Potential (2018)

Peritoneal metastasis is one of the major patterns of unresectability in colorectal cancer (CRC) and a cause of death in advanced CRC. Identification of distinct gene expressions between primary CRC and peritoneal seeding metastasis is to predict the metastatic potential of primary human CRC. Three pairs of primary CRC (SNU-2335A, SNU-2404A, and SNU-2414A) and corresponding peritoneal seeding (SNU-2335D, SNU-2404B, and SNU-2414B) cell lines were established to determine the different gene expressions and resulting aberrated signaling pathways in peritoneal metastasis tumor using whole exome sequencing and microarray. Whole exome sequencing detected that mutation in CYP2A7 was exclusively shared in peritoneal seeding cell lines. Microarray identified that there were five upregulated genes (CNN3, SORBS1, BST2, EPSTI1, and KLHL5) and two downregulated genes (TRY6 and STYL5) in the peritoneal metastatic cell lines. CNN3 expression was highly augmented in both mRNA and protein levels in peritoneal metastasis cells. Knockdown of Calponin 3 resulted in augmented level of E-cadherin in peritoneal metastasis cells, and migration and invasiveness decreased accordingly. We suggest that CNN3 takes part in cell projection and movement, and the detection and distribution of CNN3 may render prognostic information for predicting peritoneal seeding metastasis from primary colorectal cancer.
Genomic characterization of a gamma-interferon-inducible gene (IP-10) and identification of an interferon-inducible hypersensitive site. (1987)

The genomic organization of a gamma-interferon-inducible gene, IP-10, reveals three introns that interrupt the transcribed sequence into four functional domains. Comparison of the intron-exon structure of this gene to the gene for an homologous chemotactic platelet protein, platelet factor 4, establishes that both genes are interrupted in precisely the same positions within homologous codons; this demonstrates that they belong to a gene family that evolved from a common ancestor. IP-10 and PF4 are two members of a newly described gene family that is likely to include the homologous chemotactic and mitogenic platelet basic proteins (connective tissue-activating protein III and beta-thromboglobulin), the transformation-related protein 9E3, and 310c, a mitogen-stimulated leukocyte protein. A DNase I-hypersensitive site has been found in responsive cells in a region upstream of the RNA initiation site. This hypersensitive site is induced by gamma interferon and thus provides a structural basis for the transcriptional activation seen for this gene by gamma interferon.
Changes in the Distribution of Ventilation and Perfusion Associated with Separation from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (1991)

A trial of separation from mechanical ventilation may induce an abnormal respiratory pattern and a maldistribution of ventilation-to-perfusion ratios (VA/Q), especially in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study was designed to assess the effects of three different modes of ventilation on the distribution of global and also regional VA/Q in eight patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease recovering from acute respiratory failure who remained dependent on mechanical ventilation after more than 5 days of attempted separation from the ventilator. VA/Q distribution was assessed using the multiple inert gas and isotopic scanning methods after 30 min each of controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV), 10 cmH2O inspiratory pressure support, and spontaneous breathing (SB). Controlled ventilation was provided at a respiratory rate ranging from 12 to 18 breaths per min and a tidal volume of 8 ml.kg-1. In comparison to CMV, SB resulted in a decrease in tidal volume (from 512 +/- 144 to 301 +/- 102 ml, P less than 0.01), and an increase in respiratory rate (from 15.5 +/- 3.2 to 27.3 +/- 15.0 breaths per min, P less than 0.05), which increased dead space (+7.1% of minute ventilation), cardiac output (+36%), and the perfusion to areas of low VA/Q (+8.9% of cardiac output) (P less than 0.05, P less than 0.001, and P less than 0.05, respectively). Isotopic scans revealed a horizontal craniocaudal difference of VA/Q in all modes, with the lowest VA/Q zones at the basal part of the lungs (mean basal VA/Q 0.58 in SB and 1.05 in CMV).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Generalized spatial acquisition for a space-based adaptive communications node optical terminal (2023)

The DARPA Space-Based Adaptive Communications Node (Space-BACN) optical terminal will be a low-cost reconfigurable optical intersatellite link (OISL) terminal capable of supporting up to 100 Gbps low-earth-orbit (LEO) links. Rapid and reliable pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) is critical to OISL performance, especially in cross-plane LEO links, where contacts can be short. The Space-BACN optical terminal will demonstrate a novel reconfigurable acquisition implementation, which can be dynamically configured to operate in one of three acquisition modes: in-band, out-of-band, and synthesized beacon. Here, we review the features, implementation, performance analysis, and verification approaches for each of the three acquisition modes.
Unusual wax esters and glycolipids: Biocatalytical formation and physico‐chemical characterization (1991)

Abstract By aid of lipases, e.g. of Mucor michei , in n ‐hexane wax esters were produced from usual primary fatty alcohols and unusual hydroxy fatty acids (in part of microbial origin). Thus, (S)‐17‐hydroxyoctadecanoic acid dodecyl ester and (R)‐3‐hydroxy decanoic acid dodecyl ester were formed. In measurements of the film pressure using a L ANGMUIR film balance the monolayers of both compounds indicated good stability compared to the non‐hydroxy wax esters. Glycolipids de novo produced by microorganisms did not show suitable wetting properties, but they were able to lower ze surface tension of water to a higher extent than the unusual waxes.
β-Mn-Type Co8+xZn12–x as a Defect Cubic Laves Phase: Site Preferences, Magnetism, and Electronic Structure (2013)

The results of crystallographic analysis, magnetic characterization, and theoretical assessment of β-Mn-type Co-Zn intermetallics prepared using high-temperature methods are presented. These β-Mn Co-Zn phases crystallize in the space group P4(1)32 [Pearson symbol cP20; a = 6.3555(7)-6.3220(7)], and their stoichiometry may be expressed as Co(8+x)Zn(12-x) [1.7(2) < x < 2.2(2)]. According to a combination of single-crystal X-ray diffraction, neutron powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy, atomic site occupancies establish clear preferences for Co atoms in the 8c sites and Zn atoms in the 12d sites, with all additional Co atoms replacing some Zn atoms, a result that can be rationalized by electronic structure calculations. Magnetic measurements and neutron powder diffraction of an equimolar Co:Zn sample confirm ferromagnetism in this phase with a Curie temperature of ∼420 K. Neutron powder diffraction and electronic structure calculations using the local spin density approximation indicate that the spontaneous magnetization of this phase arises exclusively from local moments at the Co atoms. Inspection of the atomic arrangements of Co(8+x)Zn(12-x) reveals that the β-Mn aristotype may be derived from an ordered defect, cubic Laves phase (MgCu2-type) structure. Structural optimization procedures using the Vienna ab initio simulation package (VASP) and starting from the undistorted, defect Laves phase structure achieved energy minimization at the observed β-Mn structure type, a result that offers greater insight into the β-Mn structure type and establishes a closer relationship with the corresponding α-Mn structure (cI58).
Update on chronic hepatitis C in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients (2003)

With highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV-infected patients can now live longer and healthier lives, and other comorbid diseases, such as chronic hepatitis C, have emerged as a significant health concern. Coinfection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) may limit life expectancy because it can lead to serious liver disease including decompensated liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV-induced fibrosis progresses faster in HIV/HCV-coinfected persons, although HAART may be able to decrease this disease acceleration. Combination therapy for HCV with interferon and ribavirin can achieve a sustained viral response, although at a lower rate than in HCV-monoinfected patients. Combination treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin will probably emerge as the next HCV therapy of choice for HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. HCV combination therapy is generally safe, but serious adverse reactions, like lactic acidosis, may occur. Cytopenia may present a problem leading to dose reductions, but the role of growth factors is under study. All HIV/HCV-coinfected patients should be evaluated for therapy against the hepatitis C virus. A sustained viral load will probably lead to regression of liver disease, and even interferon-based treatment without viral clearance may slow down progression of liver disease. HIV/HCV-coinfected patients who have progressed to end-stage liver disease have few therapeutic options other than palliative care, since liver transplants are generally unavailable. The mortality post-transplant may be higher than in HCV-monoinfected patients. We are entering an era where safe and effective HCV therapy is being defined for HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, and all eligible patients should be offered treatment.
Modeling the walking patterns of Reciprocating Gait Orthosis users with a novel Lower Limb Paralysis Simulator (2011)

A mechanical Lower Limb Paralysis Simulator (LLPS) was developed for able-bodied persons to model the gait of Reciprocating Gait Orthosis (RGO) users. The purpose of this study was to determine if able-bodied subjects ambulating with the LLPS exhibited gait characteristics typical of RGO users. Five able-bodied persons were trained to ambulate with the LLPS and underwent a motion gait analysis. LLPS users were found to exhibit gait patterns that were characteristic of RGO-assisted gait.
A comprehensive theory for electromagnetic force formulae in continuous media (2006)

An energy-based theory for electromagnetic forces in continuous media is presented, aiming at providing a complete toolbox for their numerical computation. In an Euclidean space, the electromechanical coupling is shown to be realised by a stress tensor, in terms of which all classical electromagnetic force formulae can be re-interpreted, unified, and sometimes generalised
Deconvolution of Composite Chromatographic Peaks by Simultaneous Dual Detections (2000)

Composite chromatographic peaks are deconvoluted by a method that uses ratio formation from signals of simultaneous double detection. The method is generally suitable if two detector signals can simultaneously be acquired and their uses do not need any a priori assumption or mathematical shape analysis. A simple deduction makes the compound- and detector-specific intensive parameters explicit, which allows for the digital construction of directly invisible component peaks. The simultaneous double detection is shown to be superior to coupled detectors, sequentially fixed chromatograms, and subsequently synchronized peaks. The combination of circular dichroism and ultraviolet (UV) detection is shown to be especially advantageous in the analysis of enantiomers for which the other ratio-forming peak-deconvolution techniques have inherently been insensitive. The double chiroptical UV detection can be of further use to decompose overlapping peaks of nonenantiomeric compounds that are highly similar. The capacity of the method is exemplified by the analysis of morphine alkaloids, steroid oximes, and synthetic heterocycles.
Experience with ethylene plant computer control (1983)

The patients' satisfaction is an important aspect of quality of care assessment in long-term care institutions. However, many psychogeriatric patients are institutionalized at an advanced stage of their disease, when they are unable to communicate properly and cannot be questioned about their satisfaction with the care received in these psychogeriatric settings. Therefore we initiated a survey of patients' relatives based on a questionnaire purposely designed, to evaluate their satisfaction with the medical, nursing and structural components of the institutional care. The relatives of 101 patients, representing 79% of the patients in four psychogeriatric wards, responded to the questionnaire. The level of satisfaction with the care was high, as reflected by the fact that over 75% of the respondents rated the overall question about satisfaction with the medical, nursing, and structural components with the maximum of five points. The high correlation between the summative and the overall satisfaction supports and even strengthens this view. Another finding was the reluctance of most relatives to be involved in the personal care of the patients. Our study concluded that the relatives do appreciate the efforts of the staff and understand the constraints imposed by the nature of the patients' condition. Moreover, both families and staff welcomed this study and mentioned its contribution in improving communication.
School attainments in children with congenital hypothyroidism detected by neonatal screening and treated early in life (1999)

School attainments of early treated CH children were within the normal range in most affected cases. However, about 20% of CH children, most of them attending nursery school, showed a generalized learning disorder. Low IQ scores and poor language performances at age 5 years were associated with defective learning, mainly in CH children living in a poor social-cultural environment. In this subset of CH children, prompt initiation of speech and psychomotor rehabilitation therapy is recommended in order to prevent subsequent school learning disorders.
Second-harmonic and sum-frequency imaging of organic nanocrystals with photon scanning tunneling microscope (2000)

Second-harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation with photon scanning tunneling microscopy and shear-force detection are used to map the nonlinear optical response and the surface topograph of N-(4-nitrophenyl)-(L)-prolinol crystals with a subdiffraction-limited resolution. The domain-size dependence of the spatial feature is obtained, which shows the local orientational distribution of the optical near field radiated by nonlinear nanocrystals and reveals the difference between nanoscopic and macroscopic second-order optical nonlinearities of molecular crystals.