gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antibodies to a Surface-Exposed, N-terminal Domain of Aggregation Substance Are Not Protective in the Rabbit Model of Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis (2001)

The aggregation substance (AS) surface protein from Enterococcus faecalis has been implicated as an important virulence factor for the development of infective endocarditis. To evaluate the role of antibodies specific for Asc10 (the AS protein from the conjugative plasmid pCF10) in protective immunity to infective endocarditis, an N-terminal region of Asc10 lacking the signal peptide and predicted to be surface exposed (amino acids 44 to 331; AS(44-331)) was cloned with a C-terminal histidine tag translational fusion and expressed from Escherichia coli. N-terminal amino acid sequencing of the purified protein revealed the correct sequence, and rabbit polyclonal antisera raised against AS(44-331) reacted specifically to Asc10 expressed from E. faecalis OG1SSp, but not to other proteins as judged by Western blot analysis. Using these antisera, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that antibodies to AS(44-331) bound to a surface-exposed region of Asc10. Furthermore, antibodies specific for AS(44-331) were opsonic for E. faecalis expressing Asc10 in vitro but not for cells that did not express Asc10. New Zealand White rabbits immunized with AS(44-331) were challenged intravenously with E. faecalis cells constitutively expressing Asc10 in the rabbit model of experimental endocarditis. Highly immune animals did not show significant differences in clearance of organisms from the blood or spleen or in formation of vegetations on the aortic valve, in comparison with nonimmune animals. Although in vivo expression of Asc10 was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, these experiments provide evidence that immunity to Asc10 does not play a role in protection from experimental infective endocarditis due to E. faecalis and may have important implications for the development of immunological approaches to combat enterococcal endocarditis.
New half sandwich-type Ru(ii) coordination compounds characterized by the fac-Ru(dmso-S)3 fragment: influence of the face-capping group on the chemical behavior and in vitro anticancer activity (2011)

The Ru(II) complex fac-[RuCl(dmso-S)(3)(dmso-O)(2)][PF(6)] (P2) was found to be an excellent precursor for the facile preparation in high yield of half sandwich-type compounds of the general formula fac-[RuCl(dmso-S)(3)(N)(2)][PF(6)] (e.g. (N)(2) = 1,2-diaminoethane (en, 4), trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (dach, 5), or 2 NH(3) (6)). Neutral half sandwich-type compounds of the general formula fac-[RuCl(dmso-S)(3)(N-O)] where N-O is an anionic chelating ligand (e.g. N-O = picolinate (pic, 7)) are best prepared from the universal Ru(II)-dmso precursor cis-[RuCl(2)(dmso)(4)] (P1). These complexes, that were fully characterized in solution and in the solid state, are structurally similar to the anticancer organometallic compounds [Ru(η(6)-arene)(chel)Cl][PF(6)](n) but, in place of a face-capping arene, have the fac-Ru(dmso-S)(3) fragment. In contrast to what observed for the corresponding arene compounds, that rapidly hydrolyze the Cl ligand upon dissolution in water, compounds 4-6 are very stable and inert in aqueous solution. Probably their inertness is the reason why they showed no significant cytotoxicity against the MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line.
L'intertextualité sonore et discursive dans le rap français (2010)

This article aims to explore sonic and discursive intertextuality in hip hop, focusing on French old school. First, it will present the concept of intertextuality in music as theoretical frame. Second, it will describe sampling as the ethos of the sonic intertextuality in rap music. And third, it will analyse the mechanisms of discursive intertextuality. Indeed, in order to understand popular music and especially hip hop, we need to take into account the intertextual networks established amongst rap songs as long as their relations with the realm of popular music and other instances of contemporary culture.
Swiss-PO: a new tool to analyze the impact of mutations on protein three-dimensional structures for precision oncology (2021)

Swiss-PO is a new web tool to map gene mutations on the 3D structure of corresponding proteins and to intuitively assess the structural implications of protein variants for precision oncology. Swiss-PO is constructed around a manually curated database of 3D structures, variant annotations, and sequence alignments, for a list of 50 genes taken from the Ion AmpliSeqTM Custom Cancer Hotspot Panel. The website was designed to guide users in the choice of the most appropriate structure to analyze regarding the mutated residue, the role of the protein domain it belongs to, or the drug that could be selected to treat the patient. The importance of the mutated residue for the structure and activity of the protein can be assessed based on the molecular interactions exchanged with neighbor residues in 3D within the same protein or between different biomacromolecules, its conservation in orthologs, or the known effect of reported mutations in its 3D or sequence-based vicinity. Swiss-PO is available free of charge or login at https://www.swiss-po.ch .
Explicit polymorphism and CPS conversion (1993)

We study the typing properties of CPS conversion for an extension of Fω with control operators. Two classes of evaluation strategies are considered, each with call-by-name and call-by-value variants. Under the “standard” strategies, constructor abstractions are values, and constructor applications can lead to non-trivial control effects. In contrast, the “ML-like” strategies evaluate beneath constructor abstractions, reflecting the usual interpretation of programs in languages based on implicit polymorphism. Three continuation passing style sub-languages are considered, one on which the standard strategies coincide, one on which the ML-like strategies coincide, and one on which all strategies coincide. Compositional, type-preserving CPS transformation algorithms are given for the standard strategies, resulting in terms on which all evaluation strategies coincide. This has as a corollary the soundness and termination of well-typed programs under the standard evaluation strategies. A similar result is obtained for the ML-like call-by-name strategy. In contrast, such results are obtained for the call-by-name strategy. In contrast, such results are obtained for the call-by value ML-like strategy only for a restricted sub-language in which constructor abstractions are limited to values.
Blood microRNAs as potential diagnostic markers for hemorrhagic stroke (2017)

Proper medical treatment of a stroke victim relies on accurate and rapid differentiation between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, which in current practice is performed by computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. A panel of microRNAs could be an extremely useful clinical tool for distinguishing between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. This review has shown that blood miRNA profile can distinguish hemorrhagic from ischemic stroke in patients and in experimental animal models. It also seems likely they can differentiate between intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage stroke. The miRNA profile in cerebrospinal fluid could be a useful diagnostic tool for subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke. Decreased or increased miRNA levels may be needed either as prevention or treatment of stroke. Administration <i>in vivo</i> of miR-130a inhibitor or miRNA mimic (miR-367, miR-223) in an intracerebral hemorrhage animal model improved neurological outcomes.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND COMPLEXING PROPERTIES OF CHIRAL MACROCYCLES CONTAINING ENFORCED CAVITIES (1981)

Abstract Das (R)‐Binaphthyldibromid (I) läßt sich in THF bei ‐80 °Cmit sek. Butyl‐Li umsetzen und anschließend, als stark verdünnte Lösung zu Fe(III)‐acetylacetonat in Benzol zugegeben, zu Sphäranden mit 3‐5 Binaphthyleinheiten wie z.B. (II) cyclisieren.
High efficiency plasmonic probe design for parallel near-field optics applications (2011)

We study a high efficiency plasmonic near-field probe that integrates a spiral plasmonic lens and a sharp conical tip under circular polarized illumination. To achieve high field enhancement, two layers of spiral plasmonic lens and a composite tip design are adopted. The plasmonic probe exhibits optical spin dependence due to the use of spiral plasmonic lens. Under 633 nm wavelength excitation, an electric field enhancement factor of 366 and circular polarization extinction ratio of 81 can be achieved. Such a spin dependence enables the hot spot at the tip apex to be switched on and off by modulating the polarization handedness. The probe can be made in an array format that is suitable for large area parallel near-field optics applications such as lithography and microscopy.
Biomechanics-- structures and systems : a practical approach (1992)

Overview of structural mechanics, A.A. Biewener shape and scaling, S.M. Schwartz and A.A. Biewener mechanical work in terrestrial locomotion, R. Bickhan and R.J. Full aerodynamics of flight, R. Dudley in vivo measurement of bone strain and tendon force, A.A. Biewener fine element analysis in biomechanics, G.S. Baeupre and D.R. Carter electromyography, C. Gans hydrostatic skeletons and muscular hydrostats skeletons and muscular hydrostats, W.M. Kier circulatory structure and mechanics, R.E. Shadwick hydrodynamics of animal movement, M.E. Demont and J.E.I. Hokkanen.
Inside the Workplace: First Findings from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey (2005)

Based on the primary analysis of the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey (WERS 2004), this is the fifth book in the series which began in 1980, and which is considered to be one of the most authoritative sources of information on employment relations in Great Britain. Interviews were conducted with managers and employee representatives in over 3,000 workplaces, and over 20,000 employees returned a self-completion questionnaire. This survey links the views from these three parties, providing a truly integrated picture of employment relations. 

This book provides a descriptive mapping of employment relations, examining the principal features of the structures, practices and outcomes of workplace employment relations. The reader can explore differences according to the characteristics of the workplace and organization, including workplace size, industrial sector and ownership. Current debates are examined in detail, including an assessment of the impact of the Labour Government's programme of employment relations reform.

A key reference from a respected and important institution, this book is a valuable 'sourcebook' for students, academics and practitioners in the fields of employee relations, human resource management, organizational behaviour and sociology.
Visit the Companion website at 
http://cw.routledge.com/textbooks/0415378133/
Group rotation management in real-time crowdsourcing (2017)

A common workflow to perform a continuous human task stream is to divide workers into groups, have one group perform the newly-arrived task, and rotate the groups. Usually, more than one worker belongs to each group for improving the quality of task results. We call this type of workflow the group rotation. This paper addresses the problem of how to manage Group Rotation Type Crowdsourcing, the group rotation in a crowdsourcing setting. In the group-rotation type crowdsourcing, we must change the group structure dynamically because workers come in and leave frequently. However, changing the group structure will give workers psychological stress, such as surprise, confusion or irritation. This paper explores a design space for group restructuring algorithms in the group rotation type crowdsourcing and compares implemented strategies in terms of the evaluation results on psychological stress with real-world crowd workers.
High-throughput culturing of fungi from plant litter by a dilution-to-extinction technique (2007)

High-throughput bacterial cultivation has improved the recovery of slow-growing and previously uncultured bacteria. The most robust high-throughput methods are based on techniques of 'dilution to extinction' or 'extinction culturing'. The low-density partitioning of CFUs in tubes or microwells exploits the fact that the number of culturable species typically increases as inoculum density decreases. Bacterial high-throughput culturing methods were adapted to fungi to generate large numbers of fungal extinction cultures. The efficiency of extinction culturing was assessed by comparing it with particle filtration and automated plate-streaking. Equal volumes of particle suspension from five litter collections of the New Zealand forest tree Elaeocarpus dentatus were compared. Dilute particle suspensions of litter were pipetted into 48-well tissue culture plates containing 1 mL of agar medium per well. Particle volumes from the same samples were applied to continuous agar surfaces in Omnitray plates by automated streaking, and fungal diversity and richness were measured. The spectrum of isolates was assessed by microscopy and sequencing of the ITS or 28S region of the rRNA gene. Estimates of species diversity between the two methods were comparable, but extinction culturing increased species richness. Compared with plating methods using continuous surfaces, extinction culturing distributes fungal propagules over partitioned surfaces. Intercolony interactions are reduced, permitting longer incubation times, and colony initiation and recovery improved. Effort to evaluate and recover colonies from fungal isolation plates was substantially reduced.
SAGE: Software-based Attestation for GPU Execution (2022)

With the application of machine learning to security-critical and sensitive domains, there is a growing need for integrity and privacy in computation using accelerators, such as GPUs. Unfortunately, the support for trusted execution on GPUs is currently very limited - trusted execution on accelerators is particularly challenging since the attestation mechanism should not reduce performance. Although hardware support for trusted execution on GPUs is emerging, we study purely software-based approaches for trusted GPU execution. A software-only approach offers distinct advantages: (1) complement hardware-based approaches, enhancing security especially when vulnerabilities in the hardware implementation degrade security, (2) operate on GPUs without hardware support for trusted execution, and (3) achieve security without reliance on secrets embedded in the hardware, which can be extracted as history has shown. In this work, we present SAGE, a software-based attestation mechanism for GPU execution. SAGE enables secure code execution on NVIDIA GPUs of the Ampere architecture (A100), providing properties of code integrity and secrecy, computation integrity, as well as data integrity and secrecy - all in the presence of malicious code running on the GPU and CPU. Our evaluation demonstrates that SAGE is already practical today for executing code in a trustworthy way on GPUs without specific hardware support.
Photoluminescence and infrared spectroscopy of acceptors in GaAs (1984)

Time-resolved and continuous wave (cw) photoluminescence studies and infrared absorption spectroscopy have been carried out on bulk liquid-encapsulated Czochralski crystals of GaAs grown from Ga-rich and stoichiometric melts. These samples all exhibited the 78-meV residual acceptor which has been attributed previously to the neutral state of the GaAs antisite double-acceptor defect. The temperature dependence and time-resolved studies of the ∼1.44-eV photoluminescence band associated with the 78-meV residual acceptor in these samples demonstrates conclusively that the luminescence bands reported by various workers in the 1.441–1.443 eV range are all attributable to a donor-acceptor pair transition involving the same acceptor level. Two distinctly different photoluminescence bands at 1.283 eV (236-meV level) and 1.316 eV (203-meV level) can be distinguished on the basis of peak energies, temperature dependence, and time decay characteristics. The difference between these two bands was not recognized previously and both have been attributed by independent workers to the negative charge state of the GaAs antisite defect. While the quantitative correlation of the relative intensities of the ∼1.44- and 1.283-eV photoluminescence bands from sample to sample and as a function of exciting light intensity implies some relationship between these two bands, far-infrared intracenter absorption measurements indicate that this relationship cannot be as simple as that between the neutral and negative charge states of a double acceptor. However, infrared spectroscopy of the sample which exhibits the strongest 1.316-eV luminescence spectrum revealed a shallow acceptor with 203-meV binding energy and with D and C absorption line separation characteristic of a hole bound to a negatively charged (double) acceptor. This fact and a measured decay rate for the 1.316-eV luminescence band which is ∼10 times slower than that of the ∼1.44-eV band are consistent with the suggestion that the 203-meV level is the negative charge state of a 78-meV double acceptor.
Mutations of AMH and its Receptors (2003)

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), also called Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS), is a member of the TGF-β family, is produced exclusively by the gonads, and plays an important role in sex differentiation and gonadal function.
Nanoceramics: Chiral Nanoceramics (Adv. Mater. 41/2020) (2020)

The progress in the field of chiral ceramic nanostructures is reviewed by Nicholas A. Kotov and Jinchen Fan in article number 1906738. While large progress has been achieved in understanding the chirality of inorganic nanostructures, from metal and semiconductors, research in chiral ceramics is expected to bring new discoveries. The anticipated research directions with high scientific and technological impact include biocompatible refractory ceramics, high-complexity mesoscale assemblies, chiral photonics, and enantioselective catalysis. Cover art: Chiral Ceramics—Conch Shell.
O3‐14‐02: Assessing underlying Alzheimer's disease pathology in MCI patients from the amsterdam dementia cohort by use of the predictad software tool (2015)

Novel diagnostic criteria allow biomarkers such as MRI and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to provide evidence of Alzheimer pathophysiology. 1How they should be combined in daily practice is yet unclear. Here, we used a software tool, PredictAD, in MCI patients to integrate available biomarkers. We compared diagnostic performance of PredictAD with performance of individual biomarkers and the NIA-AA criteria. PredictAD integrates patient data and biomarkers of one patient and compares them with reference data to assign a disease state index (DSI) between 0-1.2We included 211 MCI patients (71±7yr, 46%F, MMSE 27±3). Reference population consisted of 246 controls with subjective cognitive decline and 491 Alzheimer (AD) patients. With available data on demographics, CSF (amyloid beta 1-42, total tau and p-tau; available in 65%) and MRI (MTA score; available in 81%) we trained PredictAD based on the reference population and applied the identified algorithm to MCI patients. Outcome measure was progression to dementia due to AD. In addition, we classified patients based on individual biomarkers and applied the NIA-AA criteria to assign likelihood of underlying AD pathology. After a follow up of 3±2 years, 72(34%) MCI patients remained stable and 139(66%) progressed to dementia due to AD. Table 1 shows diagnostic accuracy of individual biomarkers, NIA-AA criteria and PredictAD. Use of the individual biomarkers showed best predictive value for CSF tau. According to the NIA-AA criteria, half of the MCI patients had uninformative biomarkers, precluding an assignment of AD pathology likelihood. A minority of the patients were assigned to high or low likelihood of AD with good predictive value. PredictAD showed, regardless of missing or conflicting data, comparable values. The discriminative value of the PredictAD tool to identify Alzheimer pathophysiology is comparable to individual biomarkers and NIA-AA criteria. The PredictAD tool has the advantage that it assigns a likelihood to all patients, while individual biomarkers were incomplete and NIA-AA enabled the assignment of only 41% of cases. PredictAD offers clinicians a probability estimate to integrate biomarker data, even when values are indeterminate. References: (1) Albert et al. Alzheimers Dement 2011;7(3):270-9; (2) Mattila et al. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2012;59(1):234-40.
What Photonics Can Do for Switching in Transparent Optical Networks (2010)

Transparent optical networks, based on WDM technology, are considered as the mostpromising candidates for future high capacity communication networks because of theirscalability and energy efficiency. In such networks, switching functions will be carriedout directly in the optical domain so that high speed optical signals will traverse thenetwork without any optical-to-electrical conversion. Different switching paradigms canbe applied, such as optical circuit switching OCS, optical burst switching OBS andoptical packet switching OPS, offering different switching granularities and performance.A number of challenges are associated with each of the switching paradigm. This talkwill highlight some of these challenges and review pros and cons of using photonictechnology for switching in communication networks. The optical circuit switching (OCS) is based on a course switching granularity (mostly atwavelength level). It provides end-to-end optical channels (lightpaths) between sourceand destination nodes. The basic function of OCS network is solving routing andwavelength assignment (RWA) problem, i.e. finding a suitable physical path for eachlightpath request and assigning an available wavelength to it. A suitable OCS nodearchitecture and technology can significantly improve network performance.On the other hand, switching in OPS networks should be done on per packet basisproviding high switching granularity, which in turn gives a potential for better resourceutilization compared with OCS. However, several fundamental problems need to besolved in order to implement OPS networks. In particular, packet contention at the OPSnodes needs to be efficiently handled in order to guarantee required networkperformance. However, lack of flexible optical memory makes the contentionresolution in optical domain very difficult.
Crowd-based recognition of web interaction patterns (2012)

Web automation often involves users describing complex tasks to a system, with directives generally limited to low-level constituent actions like "click the search button." This level of description is unnatural and makes it difficult to generalize the task across websites. In this paper, we propose a system for automatically recognizing higher-level interaction patterns from user's completion of tasks, such as "searching for cat videos" or "replying to a post". We present PatFinder, a system that identifies these patterns using the input of crowd workers. We validate the system by generating data for 10 tasks, having 62 crowd workers label them, and automatically extracting 14 interaction patterns. Our results show that the number of patterns grows sublinearly with the number of tasks, suggesting that a small finite set of patterns may suffice to describe the vast majority of tasks on the web.