gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P. falciparum Infection Durations and Infectiousness Are Shaped by Antigenic Variation and Innate and Adaptive Host Immunity in a Mathematical Model (2012)

Many questions remain about P. falciparum within-host dynamics, immunity, and transmission-issues that may affect public health campaign planning. These gaps in knowledge concern the distribution of durations of malaria infections, determination of peak parasitemia during acute infection, the relationships among gametocytes and immune responses and infectiousness to mosquitoes, and the effect of antigenic structure on reinfection outcomes. The present model of intra-host dynamics of P. falciparum implements detailed representations of parasite and immune dynamics, with structures based on minimal extrapolations from first-principles biology in its foundations. The model is designed to quickly and readily accommodate gains in mechanistic understanding and to evaluate effects of alternative biological hypothesis through in silico experiments. Simulations follow the parasite from the liver-stage through the detailed asexual cycle to clearance while tracking gametocyte populations. The modeled immune system includes innate inflammatory and specific antibody responses to a repertoire of antigens. The mechanistic focus provides clear explanations for the structure of the distribution of infection durations through the interaction of antigenic variation and innate and adaptive immunity. Infectiousness to mosquitoes appears to be determined not only by the density of gametocytes but also by the level of inflammatory cytokines, which harmonizes an extensive series of study results. Finally, pre-existing immunity can either decrease or increase the duration of infections upon reinfection, depending on the degree of overlap in antigenic repertoires and the strength of the pre-existing immunity.
Compound Process Fuel Cycle Concept and Core Characteristics (2006)

A new fuel cycle concept is proposed in which spent fuels of light water reactor are multi-recycled in a fast reactor core without ordinary reprocessing process but with only simple dry pyrochemical processing. Feasibility of the concept has been studied focusing on the core nuclear characteristics adopting radial heterogeneous core configuration in which both recycled light water spent fuels and fast reactor fuels are loaded. Results of the core survey analyses show that four to six time recycling of light water reactor spent fuels with the burn-up of 300 to 400 GWd/t can be achieved with almost no increase of minor actinide content. Such benefits will be expected in this concept, though further research and development efforts are required, as efficient utilization of nuclear fuel resources, enhancement of nuclear non-proliferation due to the fact that all actinides are recycled all together in a lumped state together with the fact that the concept has no radial blanket fuels which contain high fissile plutonium ratio, besides the possibilities of reduction of environmental impacts due to reduced high level waste, reduction of fuel cycle cost through simplified reprocessing procedure, and suppression of light water reactor spent fuel pile-up.
Assay of phagocytic function in primary murine microglia (2012)

Problem: Little or no phagocytosis observed Solution 1: NPC were not adequately irradiated; use stronger UV source, extend irradiation time, con rm cell death by dye or antibody-based assay \(eg. annexinV, PI). Solution 2: Insu cient incubation time; extend incubation.
Three-dimensional spatial solitons in CS2 (2012)

Three-dimensional spatial solitons excited by near-infrared femtosecond pulses in CS2 are demonstrated. The propagation of such stable solitons is allowed due to the presence of the fifth-order nonlinearity which prevented the catastrophic collapse.
Regeneration of cercal filiform hair sensory neurons in the first-instar cockroach restores escape behavior (1997)

Neural regeneration in the escape circuit of the first-instar cockroach is described using behavioral analysis, electrophysiology, intracellular staining, and electron microscopy. Each of the two filiform hairs on each of the animal's cerci is innervated by a single sensory neuron, which specifically synapses with a set of giant interneurons (GIs) in the terminal ganglion. These trigger a directed escape run. Severing the sensory axons causes them to degenerate and perturbs escape behavior, which is restored to near normal after 4-6 days. Within this time, afferents regenerate and reestablish arborizations in the terminal ganglion. In most cases, regenerating afferents enter the cercal glomerulus and re-form most of the specific monosynaptic connections they acquired during embryogenesis, although their morphology deviates markedly from normal; these animals reestablish near normal escape behavior. In a few cases, regenerating afferents remain within the cercus or bypass the cercal glomerulus, and thereby fail to re-form synapses with GIs; these animals continue to exhibit perturbed escape behavior. We conclude that in most cases, specific synapses are reestablished and appropriate escape behavior is restored. This regeneration system therefore provides a tractable model for the establishment of synaptic specificity in a simple neuronal circuit.
Piccolo Directs Activity Dependent F-Actin Assembly from Presynaptic Active Zones via Daam1 (2015)

The dynamic assembly of filamentous (F) actin plays essential roles in the assembly of presynaptic boutons, the fusion, mobilization and recycling of synaptic vesicles (SVs), and presynaptic forms of plasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the temporal and spatial assembly of presynaptic F-actin remain largely unknown. Similar to other F-actin rich membrane specializations, presynaptic boutons contain a set of molecules that respond to cellular cues and trans-synaptic signals to facilitate activity-dependent assembly of F-actin. The presynaptic active zone (AZ) protein Piccolo has recently been identified as a key regulator of neurotransmitter release during SV cycling. It does so by coordinating the activity-dependent assembly of F-Actin and the dynamics of key plasticity molecules including Synapsin1, Profilin and CaMKII. The multidomain structure of Piccolo, its exquisite association with the AZ, and its ability to interact with a number of actin-associated proteins suggest that Piccolo may function as a platform to coordinate the spatial assembly of F-actin. Here we have identified Daam1, a Formin that functions with Profilin to drive F-actin assembly, as a novel Piccolo binding partner. We also found that within cells Daam1 activation promotes Piccolo binding, an interaction that can spatially direct the polymerization of F-Actin. Moreover, similar to Piccolo and Profilin, Daam1 loss of function impairs presynaptic-F-actin assembly in neurons. These data suggest a model in which Piccolo directs the assembly of presynaptic F-Actin from the AZ by scaffolding key actin regulatory proteins including Daam1.
Simultaneous use of pseudo-random control signals in vibrational exploration methods (1980)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Charles E. Payton, Kenneth H. Waters, Pierre L. Goupillaud; Simultaneous use of pseudo‐random control signals in vibrational exploration methods. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 March 1980; 67 (3): 1092. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.384012 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Faceness-Net: Face Detection through Deep Facial Part Responses (2017)

We propose a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for face detection leveraging on facial attributes based supervision. We observe a phenomenon that part detectors emerge within CNN trained to classify attributes from uncropped face images, without any explicit part supervision. The observation motivates a new method for finding faces through scoring facial parts responses by their spatial structure and arrangement. The scoring mechanism is data-driven, and carefully formulated considering challenging cases where faces are only partially visible. This consideration allows our network to detect faces under severe occlusion and unconstrained pose variations. Our method achieves promising performance on popular benchmarks including FDDB, PASCAL Faces, AFW, and WIDER FACE.
Surface-bonded and embedded optical fibers as ultrasonic sensors (1996)

The effectiveness of surface-bonded and embedded optical fibers for the detection of ultrasonic Lamb waves in 2-3-mm-thick steel, carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) and glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) plates are compared. A novel integrating ultrasonic sensor was achieved using the signal arm of an actively stabilized 633-nm homodyne Mach-Zehnder fiber interferometer which was either bonded directly to the plate surface or spliced to single-mode fibers embedded within a composite plate during manufacture. An embedded fiber is shown to be about 20 times more sensitive to Lamb wave motions than a surface-bonded fiber. However, the latter may be more practical.
Inhibition of weight loss by omega-3 fatty acids in an experimental cachexia model. (1990)

The effect of substitution of the carbohydrate component of the diet by calories derived from fish oil on host body weight loss and tumor growth rate has been studied in an experimental colon adenocarcinoma (MAC16). This tumor produces extensive host weight loss and reductions in both total body fat and muscle dry weight, without a reduction in food intake. Diets containing fish oil significantly reduced host body weight loss, with almost complete protection occurring when the fish oil comprised 50% of the calories, without an alteration of total calorie consumption or nitrogen intake. There was also a significant reduction in tumor growth rate, although the reduction in host weight loss was greater than might be expected from a smaller tumor burden. The reduction of host body weight loss was associated with an increase in total body fat and muscle mass. The effect appears specific to the type of fat since comparable results were not obtained with a gamma-linolenic acid-enriched diet. When compared with cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil the fish oil diet exerted a similar antitumor effect at the maximum dose. Whereas the antitumor effect of the former agents was achieved with considerable host toxicity, the latter produced no toxicity and almost completely abolished the cachectic effect of the tumor. These results suggest that fish oil is a nontoxic, highly effective anticachectic agent with the added advantage of antitumor activity.
A KV2.1 gating modifier binding assay suitable for high throughput screening (2009)

Gating modifier peptides alter gating of voltage-gated potassium (KV) channels by binding to the voltage sensor paddle and changing the energetics of channel opening. Since the voltage sensor paddle is a modular motif with low sequence similarity across families, targeting of this region should yield highly specific channel modifiers. To test this idea, we developed a binding assay with the KV2.1 gating modifier, GxTX-1E. Monoiodotyrosine-GxTX-1E (125I-GxTX-1E) binds with high affinity (IC50 = 4 nM) to CHO cells stably expressing hKV2.1 channels, but not to CHO cells expressing Maxi-K channels. Binding of 125I-GxTX-1E to KV2.1 channels is inhibited by another KV2.1 gating modifier, stromatoxin (IC50 = 30 nM), but is not affected by iberiotoxin or charybdotoxin, pore blocking peptides of other types of potassium channels, or by ProTx-II, a selective gating modifier peptide of the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7. Specific 125I-GxTX-1E binding is not detectable when CHO-KV2.1 cells are placed in high external potassium, suggesting that depolarization favors dissociation of the peptide. The binding assay was adapted to a 384-well format, allowing high throughput screening of large compound libraries. Interestingly, we discovered that compounds related to PAC, a di-substituted cyclohexyl KV channel blocker, displayed inhibitory binding activity. These data establish the feasibility of screening large libraries of compounds in an assay that monitors the displacement of a gating modifier from the channel's voltage sensor. Future screens using this approach will ultimately test whether the voltage sensor of KV channels can be selectively targeted by small molecules to modify channel function.
SELECTION OF PATIENTS FOR SURGERY FOR PRIMARY ALDOSTERONISM (2008)

1. Primary aldosteronism is a condition characterized by renin suppression and various degrees of hypertension and hypokalemia caused by aldosterone hypersecretion. 2. The adoption of the aldosterone-to-renin ratio determination as a screening test has led to an increase in the prevalence of diagnosed cases of primary aldosteronism. 3. Primary aldosteronism is confirmed by the demonstration of either sustained absolute aldosterone hypersecretion, or non-suppressible aldosterone hypersecretion. 4. Computed tomography and adrenal vein sampling can then be used to distinguish between idiopathic primary aldosteronism and the surgically remediable forms: aldosterone-producing adenoma and primary adrenal hyperplasia. 5. In patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma or primary adrenal hyperplasia, unilateral adrenalectomy generally results in the normalization of aldosterone secretion and kalemia, but normotension is achieved in only half of the cases. Nevertheless, in many cases without hypertension cure, adrenalectomy leads to an improvement in hypertension control with lower blood pressure levels and/or less antihypertensive medication.
Phage therapy in a lung transplant recipient with cystic fibrosis infected with multidrug‐resistant Burkholderia multivorans (2023)

This case of clinical failure of nebulized phage therapy highlights the limitations, unknowns, and challenges of phage therapy for resistant infections.
Cyclische Alkylaminocarbene (CAACs): Neues von guten Bekannten (2017)

Abstract Ein Kennzeichen der seit 2005 bekannten cyclischen Alkylaminocarbene (CAACs) ist ihre ausgeprägte Nucleophilie (σ‐Donor) und zugleich Elektrophile (π‐Akzeptor). Diese Eigenschaften ermöglichen die Aktivierung einer Vielzahl kleiner Moleküle und starker Bindungen, die Stabilisierung hochreaktiver dia‐ und paramagnetischer Spezies der Haupt‐ und Nebengruppenelemente sowie die Bildung stabiler Bindungen mit Metallen, was zu robusten Katalysatoren führt. Dieser Aufsatz fasst die wichtigsten Ergebnisse vor 2014 kurz zusammen, wobei der Schwerpunkt jedoch auf den Erkenntnissen der vergangenen drei Jahre liegt.
Structural Properties of Ammonium Perchlorate Compressed to 5.6 GPa (2000)

The effect of pressure to 5.6 GPa on the structure of ammonium perchlorate (AP, NH4ClO4) was investigated at room temperature using X-ray diffraction studies and IR and Raman spectroscopy. Two phase transitions were observed. Under hydrostatic conditions, the first transition starts at about 0.9 GPa with the appearance of a few new diffraction peaks and a discontinuity in the pressure-induced shifts of certain Raman frequencies. This transition is most likely a molecular change in AP due to “freezing” of freely rotating NH4 units, similar to effects at low temperature. The second transition starts at 2.9 GPa with a drop in diffraction intensity followed by a new pattern of diffraction peaks by 3.0 GPa. This transition is also characterized by another discontinuity in the Raman shifts and the emergence of two new Raman modes. The phase above 3.0 GPa is stable to 5.6 GPa. The P−V data to 0.9 GPa obtained from X-ray diffraction measurements were used to calculate a bulk modulus of 15.2 ± 0.3 GPa for the ambient-pressure phase.
The preparation and characterisation of polymer latices formed in the absence of surface active agents (1973)

Abstract Methods have been devised for the formation of monodisperse polystyrene latices in the absence of added surface active agents. The particles are stabilised, as a colloidal dispersion, by surface groupings which are an integral part of the particle and are not removed by dialysis. By suitable variation of the ionic strength of the aqueous phase, the initiator concentration and the polymerisation temperature, the final particle size obtained in single‐stage reactions was varied between c. 0.15 and 1.0 μm. The coefficient of variation on particle diameters was usually less than 5%. The ionic strength of the aqueous phase was found to play an important part in determining particle size; this was explained in terms of a limited coagulation process occurring at the stage involving the nucleation of polymer particles. Conductometric titration experiments revealed the presence of sulphate, carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on the particle surfaces. Molecular weight determination of the polystyrene formed showed that this was lower than that formed in conventional emulsion polymerisation.
Trajectory Forecasts in Unknown Environments Conditioned on Grid-Based Plans (2020)

We address the problem of forecasting pedestrian and vehicle trajectories in unknown environments, conditioned on their past motion and scene structure. Trajectory forecasting is a challenging problem due to the large variation in scene structure and the multimodal distribution of future trajectories. Unlike prior approaches that directly learn one-to-many mappings from observed context to multiple future trajectories, we propose to condition trajectory forecasts on plans sampled from a grid based policy learned using maximum entropy inverse reinforcement learning (MaxEnt IRL). We reformulate MaxEnt IRL to allow the policy to jointly infer plausible agent goals, and paths to those goals on a coarse 2-D grid defined over the scene. We propose an attention based trajectory generator that generates continuous valued future trajectories conditioned on state sequences sampled from the MaxEnt policy. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation on the publicly available Stanford drone and NuScenes datasets shows that our model generates trajectories that are diverse, representing the multimodal predictive distribution, and precise, conforming to the underlying scene structure over long prediction horizons.
Rapid Detection and Quantification by GC–MS of Camellia Seed Oil Adulterated with Soybean Oil (2013)

Abstract Camellia seed oil with high nutritional value is widely used in southern China and southeastern Asia for cooking. Due to the high price of camellia seed oil, fraudulent traders blended the oil with inexpensive oils to increase profits. In this paper, a new method was introduced to detect the adulteration of camellia seed oil with soybean oil by GC–MS with consideration of a parameter which was defined by the total content of oleic and linoleic acid, the oleic to linoleic acid ratio and the content of linolenic acid. Oils samples were prepared by blending pure camellia seed oil with pure soybean oil at levels from 1 to 50 %. Fatty acids esterified by TMSH and TBME in seconds were separated and identified by GC–MS. The detection limit of adulteration was as low as 5 %, and even much lower than 5 % for most kinds of camellia seed oil, which was lower than those measured by other methods. All the results indicated that this simple, accurate and rapid method can also be recommended for the authentication of olive oil with some modification.
Muzzle Blast Overpressure Levels on the AH-1S Helicopter TOW Sight Unit (1980)

Abstract : An experimental program was conducted to measure the muzzle blast overpressures upon a simulated AH-1S Helicopter TOW Sight Unit (TSU). Different weapon configurations were fired to examine the effect of gun caliber and the presence of muzzle devices. Surface pressure distributions were measured along the line of symmetry of the TSU and were supplemented by spark shadowgraphs of the blast wave propagation. Limited data was acquired in the BRL Aerodynamics Range to measure the trajectory perturbation association with the internal gasdynamics of the muzzle devices.
Chemoselective Trifluoroethylation Reactions of Quinazolinones and Identification of Photostability (2019)

Herein, we report chemoselective trifluoroethylation routes of unmasked 2-arylquinazolin-4(3 H)-ones using mesityl(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)iodonium triflate at room temperature. Homologous C-, O-, and N-functionalized subclasses are accessed in a straightforward manner with a wide substrate scope. These chemoselective branching events are driven by Pd-catalyzed ortho-selective C-H activation at the pendant aryl ring and base-promoted reactivity modulation of the amide group, leveraging the intrinsic directing capability and competing pronucleophilicity of the quinazolin-4(3 H)-one framework. Furthermore, outstanding photostability of the quinazolin-4(3 H)-one family associated with nonradiative decay is presented.
Supplementary Table 3 from Absence of Either <i>Ripk3</i> or <i>Mlkl</i> Reduces Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Independent of Liver Fibrosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;List of primers used for quantitative real time PCR&lt;/p&gt;
Embedded active device packaging technology based on organic substrate (2012)

Increasingly aggressive requirements for higher density, expanded functionality, and greater miniaturization of active devices at the substrate/package level have elicited considerable interest in Embedded Device Technology. In this paper, we illustrate the design, fabrication and testing of embedded MOSFET dies to exemplify the viability of this emerging technology. The impetus of this heuristic study is to develop a practical solution that is conducive to reduced manufacturing costs and truncated time-to-market product development cycles. Thus, we propose a streamlined methodology involving the simulation, optimization and fabrication of active chips embedded in organic substrates by employing a novel hybrid manufacturing process. Emphasis is placed on the simulation of thermal loading conditions and thermal-mechanical properties. It is imperative to incorporate sufficient thermal margins to ensure the viability of the fabricated embedded devices. Optimized thermal-loading and thermal-mechanical designs of the embedded MOSFET die are efficiently facilitated by numerical simulations based on Finite Element Analyses (FEA). Finally, resistance and functional tests of the fabricated embedded MOSFET have been performed thereby demonstrating the viability of the manufacturing process for embedding active devices.