gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ISFET-type L-glutamate sensor using thermophilic glutamine synthetase from a thermophile. (1987)

好熱菌由来の耐熱性酵素グルタミンシンテターゼとイオン感応牲電界効果トランジスターとを組み合わせたグルタミン酸センサーを試作した。本センサーにおいて,グルタミン酸に対する応答を測定した結果,L-グルタミン酸濃度0.5～100mmol.dm-3の範囲でL-グルタミン酸の定量が可能であることがわかった。応答時間はこのとき3～5分であった。また,各種のアミノ酸に対する応答を調べた結果,L-グルタミン酸のみに応答が得られた。好熱菌のグルタミンシンテターゼは55℃ まで安定な酵素であるので,50℃ の温度でも十分安定なグルタミン酸センサーを構築できることがわかった。本センサーの同時再現性においては,変動係数9.3%で良好な再現性が得ら液た。保存安定性を30℃ で測定したところ,20日までは安定した応答が得られたが,30日目から出力が初期出力の45%に低下することがわかった。
SDNMesh: An SDN Based Routing Architecture for Wireless Mesh Networks (2020)

Software Defined Networking (SDN) has been seen as a revolutionary and exciting network technology that aims to enable control and network management of various network types, whether wired or wireless. Nevertheless, SDN research focuses very little on wireless communication and, more specifically, on Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs). Moreover, the issue of routing is vitally important in WMNs, but the legacy and traditional routing protocols cannot make the most of multiple paths between the source node and destination node due to the complexity and cost of the network. In this paper, we present SDNMesh, an SDN based routing architecture for WMNs. We combine SDN with WMN to allow mesh networks to meet current user requirements with several resources, coverage, and scalable high bandwidth capability. Apart from the mentioned capability, SDN's unified approach leads to better network capacity management. Experiments have been carried out using the Mininet-WiFi simulation tool to create a network environment that allows integration of the two networking paradigms, centralized, and decentralized. Simulation results show that our SDNMesh routing solution performs better in terms of network performance metric throughput, packet loss ratio, and delay while comparing with traditional routing approaches such as OLSR, BATMAN, and an SDN based Three-Stage routing protocols. Moreover, experimental results show that SDNMesh gives better results in terms of the mentioned performance metrics.
Heterocyclization of Functionalized Vinylic Derivatives of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines (2001)

Heterocyclization of functionalized vinylic derivatives of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines was explored experimentally and theoretically using semiempirical AM1 and ab initio methods. A range of functionalized vinylic derivatives (azido, amino, and carbodiimide groups) were prepared for conversion into pyrroloazaindoles 19-22, imidazo[1,x]-, (x = 5, 6, 7, 8), [2,6]-, and [2,7]naphthyridines 28-30, 35-38 by thermal reaction. In the case of vinylic groups in the 5 position, peri annulation also was observed. The experimental and theoretical data are compared and discussed.
Structures and properties of La- and Sm-doped BaTiO3 sputtered films: Post-annealing and dopant effects (2008)

200 - nm -thick La- and Sm-doped BaTiO3 thin films with A∕B ratio of unity fabricated by magnetron sputtering on the Pt∕Ti∕SiO2∕Si substrate have been characterized. The effects of post-annealing and the amount of dopant on structure and electrical properties were studied. X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the films annealed at 750°C show tetragonal BaTiO3 crystal structure without any detectable second phase formation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirm that La substitutes the A site and Sm is in the B site in lightly doped films. La2O3 or Sm2O3 is present in the BaTiO3 structure when the dopant content is more than 1.4at.% La or 1.0% Sm. The permittivity increases with increasing annealing temperature up to 750°C due to the coarse grains and better crystallinity. The leakage current property is found to vary with the type of dopant.
A Fast Two Dimensional Deblocking Filter for H.264/AVC Video Coding (2006)

H.264/AVC as the most recent video coding standard delivers significantly better performance compared to previous standards, supporting higher video quality over lower bit rate channels. The H.264 in-loop deblocking filter is one of the several complex techniques that have realized this superior coding quality. The deblocking filter is a computationally and data intensive tool resulting in increased execution time of both the encoding and decoding processes. In this paper and in order to reduce the deblocking complexity, we propose a new 2D deblocking filtering algorithm based on the existing 1D method of the H.264/AVC standard. Simulation results indicate that the proposed technique achieves a 40% speed improvement compared to the existing 1D H.264/AVC deblocking filter, while affecting the SNR by 0.15% in average
Characterization of scintillator‐based detectors for few‐ten‐keV high‐spatial‐resolution x‐ray imaging (2016)

The choice of scintillator is greatly dependent on the imaging task. The presented comparison and methodology will assist the imaging scientist in optimizing their high-resolution few-ten-keV imaging system for best performance.
Flexible hardware abstraction for wireless sensor networks (2005)

We present a flexible hardware abstraction architecture (HAA) that balances conflicting requirements of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) applications and the desire for increased portability and streamlined development of applications. Our three-layer design gradually adapts the capabilities of the underlying hardware platforms to the selected platform-independent hardware interface between the operating system core and the application code. At the same time, it allows the applications to utilize a platform's full capabilities-exported at the second layer, when the performance requirements outweigh the need for cross-platform compatibility. We demonstrate the practical value of our approach by presenting how it can be applied to the most important hardware modules that are found in a typical WSN platform. We support our claims using concrete examples from existing hardware abstractions in TinyOS and our implementation of the MSP430 platform that follows the architecture proposed in this paper.
RLC protocol enhancement for SIP-based session establishment over satellite-UMTS (2005)

Session initiation protocol (SIP) has been selected as the official end-to-end IP signalling protocol for establishing multimedia sessions in the IP-based universal mobile telecommunication systems (UMTS) network. Since a satellite component has been identified within UMTS, there is a need also to support SIP-based session establishment over satellite-UMTS (S-UMTS) to achieve an end-to-end seamless IP-based terrestrial/satellite network integration. To improve the session setup performance, a link layer retransmission based on the radio link control acknowledgement mode (RLC-AM) mechanisms is utilised. However the current RLC-AM procedure is found to be inefficient when applied to transactional-based applications such as session establishment. As such this paper proposes a scheme to alleviate this inefficiency and simulation results reveal that this scheme achieves a good compromise between delay and radio resource utilization under various channel conditions.
The TravTek Driver Information System (1991)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;TravTek is a public sector-private sector program to demonstrate an advanced driver information system in Orlando, Florida for a period of one year, beginning in January 1992. A total of one hundred rental and lease vehicles will be equipped with driver information systems, which will provide navigation, route selection and guidance, real-time traffic information, local information, and cellular phone service. The vehicle electronics include a modified production color CRT with a 5x5 matrix touch screen for information display and entry; a combined dead reckoning and global positioning satellite (GPS) navigation system; a special mobile radio system for sending travel times and status information to the Traffic Management Center (TMC) and receiving real-time traffic and event information from the TMC; a computer for computing shortest travel time routes based on real-time traffic information; and a synthesized voice system for providing traffic and route guidance information. Existing software modules were modified to provide the navigation and route selection functions while other modules were developed to implement the driver interface control functions, the interface menu and guidance displays (both visual and voice), etc. A significant design and test effort went into ensuring that the system is easy to use and understand and that attentional demand while driving is kept to a minimum. Also, special care was taken to retain the original appearance of the production vehicle without sacrificing existing vehicle functionality. Information on driver interactions with the system will be logged on a removable hard drive for later analysis.&lt;/div&gt;
Localization of the G Protein βγ Complex in Living Cells During Chemotaxis (2000)

Gradients of chemoattractants elicit signaling events at the leading edge of a cell even though chemoattractant receptors are uniformly distributed on the cell surface. In highly polarized Dictyostelium discoideum amoebas, membrane-associated betagamma subunits of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) were localized in a shallow anterior-posterior gradient. A uniformly applied chemoattractant generated binding sites for pleckstrin homology (PH) domains on the inner surface of the membrane in a pattern similar to that of the Gbetagamma subunits. Loss of cell polarity resulted in uniform distribution of both the Gbetagamma subunits and the sensitivity of PH domain recruitment. These observations indicate that Gbetagamma subunits are not sufficiently localized to restrict signaling events to the leading edge but that their distribution may determine the relative chemotactic sensitivity of polarized cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Reactions of δ2‐Isoxazoline exo‐Azaenolates. A Model for Construction of the C‐Ring of Sesbanimide A. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optimal receiver design with wavelet bases (2002)

A generalized orthogonal series expansion should reflect the natural modes of a signal. In doing so, the transform becomes precise and useful. The most precise transform is the Karhunen-Loeve (KL) transform. The covariance function of a signal expanded in its KL basis has uncorrelated coefficients. This property can be used to derive optimal detection structures. Erdol and Bao (see Proceedings of the Asilomar Conf. on Signals, Systems and Computers, 1993) addressed the classical problem of detection of a message signal in white noise by considering a variable coefficient wavelet series expansion of the input signal. It is shown that, given the hypothesis that there exists a wavelet eigen basis of the message signal, then the optimization problem of searching for the eigen wavelet may be transformed into a search over an array of variables. These variables are shown to be the coefficients that arise in the representation of one wavelet basis in terms of another. In this paper, the structure of this array of coefficients is explored for simplifying the search space.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Unusually effective microRNA targeting within repeat-rich coding regions of mammalian mRNAs (2011)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate numerous biological processes by base-pairing with target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), primarily through sites in 3' untranslated regions (UTRs), to direct the repression of these targets. Although miRNAs have sometimes been observed to target genes through sites in open reading frames (ORFs), large-scale studies have shown such targeting to be generally less effective than 3' UTR targeting. Here, we show that several miRNAs each target significant groups of genes through multiple sites within their coding regions. This ORF targeting, which mediates both predictable and effective repression, arises from highly repeated sequences containing miRNA target sites. We show that such sequence repeats largely arise through evolutionary duplications and occur particularly frequently within families of paralogous C(2)H(2) zinc-finger genes, suggesting the potential for their coordinated regulation. Examples of ORFs targeted by miR-181 include both the well-known tumor suppressor RB1 and RBAK, encoding a C(2)H(2) zinc-finger protein and transcriptional binding partner of RB1. Our results indicate a function for repeat-rich coding sequences in mediating post-transcriptional regulation and reveal circumstances in which miRNA-mediated repression through ORF sites can be reliably predicted.
Impact of topical nasal steroid therapy on symptoms of nasal polyposis (2012)

Topical nasal steroid therapy improves nasal symptoms in CRS patients with nasal polyposis. Future studies will need to evaluate the impact on quality of life, preferably using validated disease-specific instruments.
An assistive navigation system for wheelchairs based upon mobile robot obstacle avoidance (2002)

The NavChair assistive navigation system is being developed to meet the needs of multiply handicapped people who are unable to operate available wheelchair systems. The NavChair Project was conceived as an application of mobile robot obstacle avoidance to a power wheelchair. During the course of this project, the vector field histogram (VFH) method has been adapted for use in human-machine systems and the shortcomings of the wheelchair platform have been overcome. This paper briefly reviews the VFH method, describes interesting aspects of its application to a power wheelchair, and presents an experimental evaluation of system performance. Finally, unresolved problems of obstacle avoidance in human-operated vehicles are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Development of a Process for Higher Alcohol Production via Synthesis Gas (1998)

This paper reports work at the laboratory and pilot scale concerning the design of a process for the production of valuable higher oxygenates from synthesis gas. The performance of a Snamprogetti high-temperature catalyst for the synthesis of methanol and higher alcohols was extensively studied, and a lumped kinetic model was developed; this accounts for the product distribution over the range of interest of temperature, pressure, and space velocity and includes the effect of synthesis gas composition. The model was applied to the preliminary simulation of a multistage adiabatic reactor. A single-stage adiabatic pilot reactor was then realized and operated. It was verified that higher alcohol synthesis can be carried out without the risk of uncontrollable heat buildup by properly tuning the amount of methanol in the feed stream.
Mutations in FBXL4 Cause Mitochondrial Encephalopathy and a Disorder of Mitochondrial DNA Maintenance (2013)

Nuclear genetic disorders causing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion are clinically and genetically heterogeneous, and the molecular etiology remains undiagnosed in the majority of cases. Through whole-exome sequencing, we identified recessive nonsense and splicing mutations in FBXL4 segregating in three unrelated consanguineous kindreds in which affected children present with a fatal encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and severe mtDNA depletion in muscle. We show that FBXL4 is an F-box protein that colocalizes with mitochondria and that loss-of-function and splice mutations in this protein result in a severe respiratory chain deficiency, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and a disturbance of the dynamic mitochondrial network and nucleoid distribution in fibroblasts from affected individuals. Expression of the wild-type FBXL4 transcript in cell lines from two subjects fully rescued the levels of mtDNA copy number, leading to a correction of the mitochondrial biochemical deficit. Together our data demonstrate that mutations in FBXL4 are disease causing and establish FBXL4 as a mitochondrial protein with a possible role in maintaining mtDNA integrity and stability.
Modeling and Simulation of the Shift Process for Wet-Type Dual Clutch Transmission (2010)

As a new type of automatic transmission in recent several years, dual clutch transmission (DCT) owns the advantages of both automated manual transmission (AMT) and hydraulic automatic transmission (AT), and shows a huge development potential in automatic transmission family. In this paper, a dynamic model of the shift process for a six-speed wet-type DCT is presented, the simulation model has been built using MATLAB/Simulink platform, and simulation tests of upshift and downshift processes have also been accomplished. The study provides a reliable theoretical dynamic model for further development of control strategies and algorithms for DCT.
Optical characterization of the state of fabric surfaces (2000)

This paper presents the implementation of two optical methods for characterizing the state of fabric surfaces: a multidirectional roughness meter and a hairiness meter. A textile fabric has a complicated texture in that the relevant components (fibers) are not very small (usually at least 10 ?m in diameter), but in the fabric are partly ordered (in the yarn) and partly disordered (in the superficial hairiness). Hairiness is important in giving a textile fabric a characteristic surface. It makes the effective surface three-dimensional with many hidden areas. Thus, characterizing the state of a fabric surface requires special devices. On the one hand, the presented roughness meter measures essentially the fabric-reflected rays in all surface directions, because the fabric is rotated in its plane during the measurement. A Fourier temporal analysis of the reflected beam scanned across the fabric surface allows the fabric structure periods to be determined, because these periods yield peaks in the frequency spectrum. Two examples are given that show that the peak heights characterize the state of the fabric surface. On the other hand, the hairiness meter measures the hairiness of the fabric surface by an edge extraction method, which separates hairiness and structural information. The two devices are complementary and allow the processes that modify the fabric surface to be understood and controlled.
The specific recognition by macrophages of CD8+,CD45RO+ T cells undergoing apoptosis: a mechanism for T cell clearance during resolution of viral infections. (1994)

During viral infections, CD8+,CD45RO+ T populations expand. These primed cells express abundant levels of cytoplasmic granules that contain perforin and TIA-1. Recent work has suggested that the majority of this CD8+ population downregulates Bcl-2 protein expression and is destined to undergo apoptosis. In this study we have investigated the elimination of these apoptotic CD8+ T cells by both human monocyte-derived and murine bone marrow macrophages. We have found that these phagocytes recognize and ingest both apoptotic CD8+ and CD4+ T cells using an alpha v beta 3 (vitronectin receptor)/CD36/thrombospondin recognition system, with the same receptors being used in the recognition of apoptotic neutrophils. These data provide new evidence for a mechanism that enables the clearance of greatly increased populations of CD8+ effector cells which are found during viral infections. This enables cellular homeostasis to occur in the host upon resolution of viral diseases in vivo.
Anisotropic properties of long-time intensity fluctuations of midfrequency signals in presence of intense internal waves in shallow water. (2008)

Intensity fluctuations of sequence of midfrequency pulses radiated for 5 h in SW06 experiment were considered. Frequency band of pulses is 2–10 kHz; they were radiated by the source (R/V Knorr) with the interval about 15 s and received by four hydrophones (SHRUs) placed at the distances from 4 to 14 km and different directions (SW, SSW, NE, and NNE) from the source. During this time period, remarkable train of internal waves (amplitude of displacement up to 15 m) passed toward coastal line at the velocity of 0.6 m/s. Angles between wave front of train and acoustical tracks were about 65–80 deg. Mechanism providing sound fluctuations in this case is mode coupling (for the low-frequency signals) or additional scattering of rays by internal waves (in high- or midfrequency situation). It was shown that temporal fluctuations of the sound intensity of received pulses initiated by internal waves have spectra, depending on the direction of propagation of internal wave relative acoustic track. Results of comparison of experimental data with theoretical estimations demonstrate good consistency. [This work was supported by ONR and RFBR.]
Functional and evolutionary implications of a survey of various actinomycetes for homologues of two Streptomyces coelicolor sporulation genes (1993)

In Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) the whiB and whiG genes are essential for sporulation, their deduced products being a possible transcriptional activator and an RNA polymerase sigma factor, respectively. In a survey of DNA from diverse actinomycetes by Southern blotting, all samples tested hybridized with whiB, but only those representing genera capable of producing sporulating aerial mycelium hybridized with whiG. It is postulated that whiB may play a more intimate role in hyphal fragmentation processes (including sporulation) than whiG. The whiB and whiG homologues (whiB-Stv and whiG-Stv) of Streptoverticillium griseocarneum were cloned and sequenced, and subjected to functional tests in S. coelicolor whiB and whiG mutants. The genes were closely similar, but not identical, to their S. coelicolor counterparts at the DNA and deduced protein levels, and both Stv. griseocarnum gene products could function well in S. coelicolor. However, studies with hybrid transcription units suggested that the promoter region of whiB-Stv is somewhat inefficient in S. coelicolor.
Code-Verification Techniques for Hypersonic Reacting Flow in Thermochemical Nonequilibrium (2019)

Abstract not provided.
Methadone dose in heroin‐dependent patients: role of clinical factors, comedications, genetic polymorphisms and enzyme activity (2014)

Methadone maintenance dose was predicted by sociodemographic and clinical variables rather than genetic polymorphisms or liver/intestinal CYP3A4 activity in stable patients.
Personal Information Privacy: What's Next? (2019)

In recent events, user-privacy has been a main focus for all technological and data-holding companies, due to the global interest in protecting personal information. Regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) set firm laws and penalties around the handling and misuse of user data. These privacy rules apply regardless of the data structure, whether it being structured or unstructured. In this work, we perform a summary of the available algorithms for providing privacy in structured data, and analyze the popular tools that handle privacy in textual data; namely medical data. We found that although these tools provide adequate results in terms of de-identifying medical records by removing personal identifyers (HIPAA PHI), they fall short in terms of being generalizable to satisfy nonmedical fields. In addition, the metrics used to measure the performance of these privacy algorithms don't take into account the differences in significance that every identifier has. Finally, we propose the concept of a domain-independent adaptable system that learns the significance of terms in a given text, in terms of person identifiability and text utility, and is then able to provide metrics to help find a balance between user privacy and data usability.