gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlating the Polymorphism of Titanyl Phthalocyanine Thin Films with Solar Cell Performance (2012)

The structure of titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) thin films is correlated with photovoltaic properties of planar heterojunction solar cells by pairing different TiOPc polymorph donor layers with C60 as an acceptor. Solvent annealing and the insertion of two different templating layers, namely 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (FDTS) and CuI, prove to be effective methods to control the TiOPc thin film structure. The crystal phase of TiOPc thin films was identified by combining X-ray reflectivity (XRR) measurements with spectroscopic techniques, including absorption and micro-Raman measurements. Implementation of a donor layer with an absorption spectrum extending into the near-infrared (NIR) led to solar cells with external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) above 27% from λ = 600 - 890 nm, with the best device yielding a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.6%. Our results highlight the need to understand the relationship between processing parameters and thin film structure, as these have important consequences on device performance.
The power of randomness in bayesian optimal mechanism design (2010)

We investigate the power of randomness in the context of a fundamental Bayesian optimal mechanism design problem - a single seller aims to maximize expected revenue by allocating multiple kinds of resources to "unit-demand" agents with preferences drawn from a known distribution. When the agents' preferences are single-dimensional Myerson's seminal work [14] shows that randomness offers no benefit - the optimal mechanism is always deterministic. In the multi-dimensional case, where each agent's preferences are given by different values for each of the available services, Briest et al.[6] recently showed that the gap between the expected revenue obtained by an optimal randomized mechanism and an optimal deterministic mechanism can be unbounded even when a single agent is offered only 4 services. However, this large gap is attained through unnatural instances where values of the agent for different services are correlated in a specific way. We show that when the agent's values involve no correlation or a specific kind of positive correlation, the benefit of randomness is only a small constant factor (4 and 8 respectively). Our model of positively correlated values (that we call the common base value model) is a natural model for unit-demand agents and items that are substitutes. Our results extend to multiple agent settings as well.
Application of Marine Natural Products: Global Health Drug Discovery, Lead Optimization, Assay Development, and Identification of Latent HIV Reactivating Agents. (2013)

Natural products have a longstanding history as clinical therapeutics, making them a valuable source of biomedically-relevant research tools. This dissertation describes the application of natural products as tools for drug discovery. By covering four different research projects, this thesis will cover a renovated approach to the classical utilization of marine natural products as screening compounds for primary hit identification, and semi-synthesis for lead development.\tChapter 1 gives an overview of the current success and future challenges of natural products, with emphasis on marine-derived natural products. This chapter also includes a set of current literature examples that focus on identifying natural products with target selectivity in mind. The second chapter discusses the application of marine natural products in the discovery of antimalarials. This chapter includes the discovery and structure elucidation of the salinipostin A, a novel antimalarial chemotype with a bicyclic phosphotriester. The chapter ends with the secondary assays that were attempted to identify the mechanism of action of salinipostin A. \tThe third chapter describes the development of the endoperoxide merulin A for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis. The chapter closes with site localization studies of a merulin A-derived fluorophore in order to give insight into the mechanism of action of endoperoxides against T. brucei. \tChapter 4 reports the development of a modular high-content high-throughput P. aeruginosa biofilm inhibition/dispersion screen. Assay development includes the assessment of the innate antibiotic tolerance from preformed biofilms. The results from a large scale screening campaign of a marine natural product library yield the identification of a new biofilm inhibitor skyllamycin B. The chapter ends with the evaluation of skyllamycin B and azithromycin as a co-dosing agent to eradicate preformed biofilms.\tThe final chapter concentrates on the identification of abyssomicin II as a latent HIV reactivating agent. This is the first example of a bacterially-derived natural product to possess latent HIV reactivating activity. While potency excludes abyssomicin II from being a lead compound, mechanistic studies reveal that abyssomicin II reactivates latent HIV through protein kinase C and histone de-acetylase independent manner. These data suggest that the mechanism of latent HIV reactivation is novel.
High‐Accuracy Self‐Alignment of Thin Silicon Dies on Plasma‐Programmed Surfaces (2014)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Principle of Fluidic Self-Alignment Process for Thin Dies Plasma Programming of the Surface Preparation of Materials for Self-Alignment Experiments Self-Alignment Experiments Results of Self-Alignment Experiments Discussion Conclusions
Determining Adhesion of Non-Uniform Arrays of Fibrils (2012)

Dry adhesives containing nonuniform arrays of fibrils were tested for the uniformity of their adhesion strength. These arrays comprised fibrils with nanometer-scale dimensions and lengths tuned from 150 to 1500&amp;thinsp;nm. The surfaces of the fibrils were rendered hydrophobic through a vapor phase deposition of silane molecules to further tune the adhesion strength of the fibrillar structure. Adhesion force measurements over micrometer-length scales were obtained using a tipless cantilever controlled by a scanning probe microscope. Maps of the adhesion forces depicted diverse variations in adhesion strength with the nonuniform lateral changes in topography. Through an extensive data analysis, differences observed between samples were correlated to changes in processing conditions and surface chemistry modifications. The methods demonstrated in this paper are useful for identifying variations in the adhesion strength of dry adhesives made of nonuniform arrays of fibrils. These advancements are crucial for understanding the correlation between structure and function within nonuniform fibrillar adhesives.
Structure cristalline du composé Hg3-xSbx(S+Se)2+xI2-x(x≃ 0.1) (2016)

Single crystals of the mercury chalcohalide Hg3-x Sb x (S+Se)2+x I2-x (x ≃ 0.1) (mercury anti-mony sulfide selenide iodide), were grown by a chemical transport reaction. The structure contains three independent A (Hg/Sb) atoms; each atom is strongly covalently bonded with two X (Se/S) atoms to form approximately linear X-A-X units. The X-A-X units link to form A 4 X 4 rings, which are combined into infinite crankshaft-type bands running along the [100] direction. Four equatorial E (I/X = Se,S) atoms at relatively long distances complete the distorted octa-hedral coordination of A (Hg/Sb). The crystal under investigation was twinned by non-merohedry with a refined twin domain fraction of 0.814 (6):0.186 (6). The structure is isotypic with Hg3Se2I2 [Beck & Hedderich (2000 ▸). J. Solid State Chem. 151, 73-76], but the current determination reveals a coupled substitution, with partial replacement of Hg(+2) by Sb(+3), balanced by the equivalent substitution of I(-1) by S(-2) and Se(-2). Bond-valence calculations are consistent with this relative substitution model.
Supramolecular Systems: Self‐Assembly (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
[Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy and tolerance of a new thiamine compound (benzoyloxymethylthiamine) in the treatment of postoperative pain symptomatology in odontostomatological surgery]. (1989)

The therapeutic effectiveness of benzoyloxymethyl-thiamin in controlling post-operative pain in odontostomatological surgery has been examined. The double blind study used a placebo and concerned 100 patients subjected to avulsion of the third molar in dysodontiasis on an out-patient basis. The results point to the effectiveness of benzoyloxymethyl-thiamin in the symptomatic treatment of post-operative pain symptomatology both as regards its duration and intensity; the drug also proved to be very well tolerated and its administration was not accompanied by any unwanted side-effects.
VM-based shared memory on low-latency, remote-memory-access networks (1997)

Recent technological advances have produced network interfaces that provide users with very low-latency access to the memory of remote machines. We examine the impact of such networks on the implementation and performance of software DSM. Specifically, we compare two DSM systems---Cashmere and TreadMarks---on a 32-processor DEC Alpha cluster connected by a Memory Channel network.Both Cashmere and TreadMarks use virtual memory to maintain coherence on pages, and both use lazy, multi-writer release consistency. The systems differ dramatically, however, in the mechanisms used to track sharing information and to collect and merge concurrent updates to a page, with the result that Cashmere communicates much more frequently, and at a much finer grain.Our principal conclusion is that low-latency networks make DSM based on fine-grain communication competitive with more coarse-grain approaches, but that further hardware improvements will be needed before such systems can provide consistently superior performance. In our experiments, Cashmere scales slightly better than TreadMarks for applications with false sharing. At the same time, it is severely constrained by limitations of the current Memory Channel hardware. In general, performance is better for TreadMarks.
Development and validation of blood-based predictive biomarkers for response to PD-(L)-1 checkpoint inhibitors: evidence of a universal systemic core of 3D immunogenetic profiling across multiple oncological indications (2021)

Abstract Unprecedented advantages in cancer treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remain limited to a subset of patients. Systemic analyses of the regulatory 3D genome architecture linked to individual epigenetics and immunogenetic controls associated with tumour immune evasion mechanisms and immune checkpoint pathways reveals a highly prevalent patient molecular profiles predictive of response to PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibitors. A clinical blood test based on the set of 8 3D genomic biomarkers has been developed and validated on several independent cancer patient cohorts to predict response to PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibition. The predictive 8 biomarker set is derived from prospective observational clinical trials, representing 229 treatments with Pembrolizumab, Atezolizumab, Durvalumab, in diverse indications: melanoma, non-small cell lung, urethral, hepatocellular, bladder, prostate cancer, head and neck, vulvar, colon, breast, bone, brain, lymphoma, larynx cancer, and cervix cancers. The 3D genomic 8 biomarker panel for response to immune checkpoint therapy achieved high accuracy up to 85%, sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 82%. This study demonstrates that a 3D genomic approach could be used to develop a predictive clinical assay for response to PD-(L)1 checkpoint inhibition in cancer patients.
Comparative Study of Slamming Loads on Cylindrical Structures (2011)

Wave impact or slamming is a phenomenon characterized by large local pressures (10 bar or more) for very short durations (order of milliseconds). Slamming loads can cause severe damage to the structure [1]. Different numerical approximation methods are available for simulating the fluid structure interaction problems. Traditional mesh techniques use nodes and elements for approximating the continuum equations whereas particle methods like smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) approximates the continuum equations using the kernel approximation technique and hence can be used for a wide range of fluid dynamics problems [2]. Since composite materials are finding increased application in the ship building industry because of their low weight and high strength properties, it is important to understand the effect of slamming loads on composite structures [3]. Normally, composite structures are made quasi-rigid to resist slamming loads, but inducing some deformability helps in reducing the incident pressures and at the same time reduces the overall weight of the structure and in turn the material cost. On the other side, inducing deformability effects the durability of the structure. In this paper, the effect of slamming on two-dimensional cylindrical structures is studied using three solvers i.e., 1) SPH solver, 2) Explicit solver and 3) Implicit solver. In the case of SPH solver, water is modelled using SPH particles and cylinder is modelled using finite elements (FE), in this case shell elements. A coupling between the SPH and FE solvers is made to simulate the fluid-structure interactions. Contact is modelled using the contact algorithms. In the case of the explicit solver, water is modelled using hexahedron or brick elements with one element in the thickness direction since symmetry is applicable along the thickness of the cylinder. Shell elements are used for modelling the cylinder and contact is handled using node to surface contact algorithm. In the case of the implicit solver, water is represented by pure two-dimensional elements. Quadratic elements are used to represent the continuum around the cylinder and triangular elements are used to represent the far off field and also to control the mesh movement. Line elements are used to represent the cylinder in this case. Two models are tested in all the three solvers: 1) rigid cylinder and 2) deformable cylinder. A comparative study of these three solvers shows that the implicit solver needed more calculation time compared to other solvers. The SPH method required less particles than the number of nodes in the other two methods to converge on the peak pressure. All three solvers show reduction of peak pressure in case of the deformable cylinder.
Analysis of a static power converter under unbalance: a novel approach (1990)

A general analysis procedure for a static power converter using the transfer function approach is presented. This method provides for closed-form expressions for all harmonics under balanced and unbalanced operating conditions. Unbalance in voltage magnitude and phase angle and errors in switching angles can be easily incorporated into the analysis. An example illustrating the effectiveness of this approach is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Importance of Online Product Reviews from a Consumer's Perspective (2013)

Product reviews and ratings are popular tools to support buying decisions of consumers. These tools are also valuable for online retailers, who use rating systems in order to build trust and reputation in the online market. Many online shops offer quantitative ratings, textual reviews or a combination of both. This paper examines the acceptance and usage of ratings and reviews in the context of e-commerce transactions. A survey among 104 German online shoppers was conducted to examine how consumer reviews and rat- ings are used to support buying decisions. The survey shows that reviews and ratings are an important source of information for consumers. However, qualitative feedback from the survey indicates that the perceived helpfulness of rating systems varies. Especially the comparison of user reviews is a very time consuming process for the customer, because of the unstructured nature of textual user reviews. In this paper we summarize similar problems and show corresponding examples to them. This will give new insight for future research in the area of user ratings and reviews.
Efficient RGB Video Coding Using Adaptive Inter-Plane Residual Prediction (2008)

This paper presents an efficient video coding algorithm in the RGB color space. Currently most video coding algorithms are based on a decorrelated color space such as YCbCr which has reduced inter-color redundancy. For high fidelity video applications, however, it is essential to maintain the original signal fidelity. In pursuit of both high fidelity and coding efficiency, we propose an adaptive inter-plane residual prediction algorithm exploiting inter-color redundancy of the RGB signal. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can increase RGB video coding efficiency up to 0.9 dB, compared to the existing H.264/AVC High 4:4:4 Intra profile.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Morpholinesulfenylchloride with Trialkylphosphites. (1986)

Abstract Das Morpholinsulfenylchlorid (I) reagiert mit den Phosphiten (II) über die Zwischenstufe der Thiophosphate (III) zu den Phosphorsäureestermorpholiden (IV).
Endoglin (CD 105) as a potential prognostic factor in neuroblastoma (2015)

IMVD determined by CD105 appeared to be an independent prognostic factor for neuroblastoma.
Technical inheritance: Information basis for the identification and development of product generations (2017)

Industry 4.0 opens great potentials in development and production processes by networking of machines and systems as well as all processes along the lifecycle components. E. g., new developed intelligent systems are able to collect, store and transmit data during their complete lifecycle based on physical principles. For the development and usage of such systems, the basic processes are analyzed, information chains are set up and targeted information from the life cycle is identified, transferred and returned to the product development phase. This aims to adapt the products and to develop new product generations. This previously presented approach has been named Technical Inheritance. An important aspect here is the relevant key information on the basis of which an identification and analysis of the state for each exemplar of the product is made. In order to implement such identification in the context of Technical Inheritance a so-called genetic code of the product is used. This aspect of the methodology of the Technical Inheritance will be discussed in detail.
Effects of Defoliation and Competition on Total Nonstructural Carbohydrates of Spotted Knapweed (1994)

John R. Lacey, Kathrin M. Olson-Rutz, Marshall R. Haferkamp, Gregory A. Kennett, Effects of Defoliation and Competition on Total Nonstructural Carbohydrates of Spotted Knapweed, Journal of Range Management, Vol. 47, No. 6 (Nov., 1994), pp. 481-484
Impact of Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitor FAD286 on Steroid Hormone Profile in Human Adrenocortical Cells (2017)

Inhibition of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) is an alternative treatment option to mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism to prevent harmful aldosterone effects. FAD286 is the best characterized aldosterone synthase inhibitor. However, to date, no study has used sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to characterize in detail the effect of FAD286 on the secreted steroid hormone profile of adrenocortical cells. Basal aldosterone production in NCI-H295R cells was detectable and 9-fold elevated after stimulation with angiotensin II. FAD286 inhibited this increase, showing a maximal effect at 10 nmol/l. Higher concentrations of FAD286 did not further reduce aldosterone concentrations, but showed a parallel reduction in corticosterone, cortisol and cortisone levels, reflecting additional inhibition of steroid-11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1). Pregnenolone, progesterone and 17-OH-progesterone levels remained unaffected. In conclusion, the aldosterone synthase inhibitor FAD286 lowers angiotensin II-induced aldosterone concentrations in adrenocortical cells but the relative lack of selectivity over CYP11B1 is evident at higher FAD286 concentrations.
Regulatory Interactions between a Bacterial Tyrosine Kinase and Its Cognate Phosphatase (2013)

The cyclic process of autophosphorylation of the C-terminal tyrosine cluster (YC) of a bacterial tyrosine kinase and its subsequent dephosphorylation following interactions with a counteracting tyrosine phosphatase regulates diverse physiological processes, including the biosynthesis and export of polysaccharides responsible for the formation of biofilms or virulence-determining capsules. We provide here the first detailed insight into this hitherto uncharacterized regulatory interaction at residue-specific resolution using Escherichia coli Wzc, a canonical bacterial tyrosine kinase, and its opposing tyrosine phosphatase, Wzb. The phosphatase Wzb utilizes a surface distal to the catalytic elements of the kinase, Wzc, to dock onto its catalytic domain (WzcCD). WzcCD binds in a largely YC-independent fashion near the Wzb catalytic site, inducing allosteric changes therein. YC dephosphorylation is proximity-mediated and reliant on the elevated concentration of phosphorylated YC near the Wzb active site resulting from WzcCD docking. Wzb principally recognizes the phosphate of its phosphotyrosine substrate and further stabilizes the tyrosine moiety through ring stacking interactions with a conserved active site tyrosine.
ChemInform Abstract: Models of Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Biphenyls Binding Affinity to the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Developed Using 13C NMR Data. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A semantic approach adds meaning to the web (1999)

It is argued that new standards would let users apply the power of their technology to make the most of the Web.
Determinants and Consequences of the Diurnal Rhythm of Blood Pressure (1993)

The diurnal rhythm of blood pressure (BP) is influenced by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors, with the former usually being of greater significance. Non-dippers, in whom the normal nocturnal fall of pressure is diminished, have been reported to show more target organ damage (left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)) than dippers, which may be explained by a higher average 24 h BP. Whether or not the pattern of BP (as opposed to the level) also is prognostically important is probable but unproven, given the known morning surge of the incidence of many acute cardiovascular events. The pathological significance of different diurnal patterns of BP change may depend both on the method of analysis and on the outcome measure used.