gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
miR-133 and miR-30 Regulate Connective Tissue Growth Factor (2008)

The myocardium of the failing heart undergoes a number of structural alterations, most notably hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes and an increase in extracellular matrix proteins, often seen as primary fibrosis. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a key molecule in the process of fibrosis and therefore seems an attractive therapeutic target. Regulation of CTGF expression at the promoter level has been studied extensively, but it is unknown how CTGF transcripts are regulated at the posttranscriptional level. Here we provide several lines of evidence to show that CTGF is importantly regulated by 2 major cardiac microRNAs (miRNAs), miR-133 and miR-30. First, the expression of both miRNAs was inversely related to the amount of CTGF in 2 rodent models of heart disease and in human pathological left ventricular hypertrophy. Second, in cultured cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts, knockdown of these miRNAs increased CTGF levels. Third, overexpression of miR-133 or miR-30c decreased CTGF levels, which was accompanied by decreased production of collagens. Fourth, we show that CTGF is a direct target of these miRNAs, because they directly interact with the 3' untranslated region of CTGF. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-133 and miR-30 importantly limit the production of CTGF. We also provide evidence that the decrease of these 2 miRNAs in pathological left ventricular hypertrophy allows CTGF levels to increase, which contributes to collagen synthesis. In conclusion, our results show that both miR-133 and miR-30 directly downregulate CTGF, a key profibrotic protein, and thereby establish an important role for these miRNAs in the control of structural changes in the extracellular matrix of the myocardium.
Synthesis, Characterization and Tunable Electronic/Optical Properties of II−VI Semiconductor Species Included in the Sodalite Structure (1996)

The composition-dependent optical and electronic tunability of the sodalite analogues with stoichiometries Zn8X2[BO2]12 (X = O, S, Se) and [CdyZn(1-y)]8X2[BeSixGe(1-x)O4]6 (X = S, Se and Te) have been demonstrated. The materials strongly photoluminesce, and a comparison of the photoluminescence behavior of the single crystals with the as-synthesized powder analogues shows that the visible emission is intrinsic to the sodalite analogue and not due to impurities such as bulk semiconductor. The emission maxima of these materials can be varied by as much as 100 nm with subtle modifications in the host sodalite framework composition and excitation energies can be stored over, at minimum, several minutes. The materials can be prepared either hydrothermally or by high-temperature solid-state reactions. The local and average long-range structures of composition Zn8X2[BO2]12 (X = O, S, Se) and M8X2[BeSixGe1-xO4]6 (M = Zn, Cd; X = S, Se, Te) are described based on the results of polycrystalline X-ray diffraction, multinuclear solid-state MAS NMR, CdL3 XANES, UV/visible and photoluminescence spectroscopic measurements. Additionally, the crystal structures of the synthetic helvite solid solutions Zn8S2[BeSixGe1-xO4]6 (x = 0.03, 0.37, 0.74) are presented based on refinement of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction data; these materials crystallize in the acentric, cubic space group P23 (No. 195) with unit-cell parameters a = 8.250(4), 8.221(2), and 8.163(1) Å, respectively. In all these sodalite analogues, the anionic, rigid sodalite framework encloses [M4X]6+ tetrahedra in a crystalline cubic array, separating each tetrahedron from its eight nearest neighbors by at least 6.4 Å, center to center. This electrostatic isolation results in dramatic high-energy shifts in the optical absorption spectra of the materials and low-frequency shifts in the MAS NMR spectra of the cage center anions, relative to the bulk semiconductors. 113Cd MAS NMR and CdL3 XANES spectra show that the influence of the anion type on the electronic structure at the Cd2+ ions in the cadmium sodalites is small.
At-speed board test simplified via embeddable data trace/compaction IC (2002)

The architecture and operation of an 1149.1-based digital bus monitor (DBM) IC is described. The ability of the DBM to monitor at-speed signal transfers between ICs in real time provides a method of monitoring the functional operation of circuits assembled on board and multichip module substrates. Such tests can be used to reveal timing sensitive and/or intermittent failures that would otherwise not be detectable without the use of external testers and mechanical probing fixtures. This test approach may, in some cases, reduce the cost to manufacture and support a product by reducing the need for test equipment in both factory and field environments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Correction: Gut microbiota can utilize prebiotic birch glucuronoxylan in production of short-chain fatty acids in rats (2022)

Correction for 'Gut microbiota can utilize prebiotic birch glucuronoxylan in production of short-chain fatty acids in rats' by Emma Kynkäänniemi <i>et al.</i>, <i>Food Funct.</i>, 2022, <b>13</b>, 3746-3759, DOI: 10.1039/D1FO03922A.
THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR PLUTONIUM STABILIZATION WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON GAS GENERATION (2000)

The Department of Energy/Environmental Management (DOE/EM) is the nations steward for management of a vast array of nuclear materials which are considered excess to national security needs as well as excess to other DOE programs. This stewardship role involves management of the entire excess inventory of fissile materials at RFETS, Hanford, Savannah River, and other DOE sites. Accordingly, DOE/EM must ensure that the domestic management, use storage, and disposition of nuclear materials under its stewardship are conducted in an efficient, secure, and environmentally safe manner. Furthermore, DOE/EM must be an active participant, with other DOE Programs Offices, as an enabler and patron of nuclear materials science in order to sustain a national resource of scientists who are knowledgeable in the physi-chemical properties of DOE/EMs nuclear materials inventory. Maintaining a strong scientific base and capability will allow DOE/EM to resolve long term storage, transportation, and disposition issues with the nuclear materials under its stewardship as issues and problems arise. In this manuscript we address specific physico-chemical processes and transformations that have relevance to gas generation and storage of actinide materials. These chemical and physical processes and experiments are designed to measure unknown or ill-determined thermochemical and radiolytic parameters. These parameters are utilized in developing mathematical models of gas generation of relevance to storage of actinide bearing materials. The ultimate goal of this endeavor is to predict safe storage conditions based upon initial bounding conditions, processing steps, and known test case scenarios. The essential elements of this work are encompassed in three sections: 1) thermochemical properties and parameters of adsorbed water on actinide oxide surfaces relevant to chemically evolved gases; 2) known radiolytic pathways and rates for production of gases from bulk water, gas phase water and adsorbed water; and 3) modeling efforts that encompass all of the these events (where known or measured) occurring in storage scenarios to predict gas generation in actual repository scenarios. Through incorporation of all the pertinent events likely to occur in well-defined actinide storage scenarios, safe bounding conditions of gas stoichiometry and pressure are expected to predominate (although not all processes and rates are completely understood). Suggested further work and current experimental efforts to complete this picture are also identified.
Co-Sintering Study of Na0.67[Ni0.1Fe0.1Mn0.8]O2 and NaSICON Electrolyte–Paving the way to High Energy Density All-Solid-State Batteries (2021)

Sodium is a promising candidate for stationary storage applications, especially when the demand for lithium-ion batteries increases due to electromobility applications. Even though its energy density is lower, Na-ion technology is estimated to lead to a cost reduction of 30% compared to Li-ion technology. To improve safety as well as energy density, Na-based all-solid-state-batteries featuring solid electrolytes such as beta-alumina and sodium superionic conductors and cathode materials such as Na 3 V 2 (PO4) 3 and Na x CoO 2 have been developed over the past years. However, the biggest challenge are mixed cathodes with highly conductive interfaces, especially when co-sintering the materials. For example, a promising sodium superionic conductor type Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 electrolyte sinters at 1,250°C, whereas the corresponding Na 3 V 2 PO 12 cathode decomposes at temperatures higher than 900°C, posing a bottleneck. Thus in this paper, we synthesized Na 0.62 [Ni 0.10 Fe 0.10 Mn 0.80 ]O 2 as cathode material for all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries via a relatively cheap and easy solution-assisted solid state reaction processing route. The thermal investigations of the pure cathode material found no degradation up to 1,260°C, making it a perfect match for Na 3.4 Zr 2 Si 2.4 P 0.6 O 12 electrolyte. In our aim to produce a co-sintered mixed cathode, electron microscopy investigation showed a highly dense microstructure and the elemental mapping performed via energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry confirm that Na 3.4 Zr 2 Si 2.4 P 0.6 O 12 and Na 0.62 [Ni 0.10 Fe 0.10 Mn 0.80 ]O 2 do not react during sintering. However, the active cathode material forms a sodium rich and a sodium deficient phase which needs further investigation to understand the origin and its impact on the electrochemical performance.
Elimination of Glycidyl Palmitate in Diolein by Treatment with Activated Bleaching Earth (2011)

In this study, activated bleaching earth (ABE) was used to eliminate glycidyl esters from both triacyl- and diacylglycerol oils. To investigate the mechanism, glycerol dioleate containing glycidyl palmitate (GP) was treated with ABE and the fate of the GP was monitored by analyzing the feed, treated, and ABE-absorbed oils using a gas-liquid chromatograph equipped with a flame-ionized detector. GP was completely removed from both the treated and absorbed oils. This indicates that this treatment is useful for GE removal from diacylglycerol oil, although it was not achieved by absorption of GE on ABE but rather by modification of GP. The results of composition analysis demonstrate that GP is transformed to glycerol monopalmitate, glycerol palmitate oleate, and glycerol dipalmitate at a recovery rate of 99.1 ± 1.3 %. An increase in glycerol monooleate and trace amounts of free glycerol and fatty acids were also observed after treatment. The transformation is proposed to involve a ring-opening reaction of GP with water contained in the ABE and in the bulk oil followed by an interesterification reaction among the resultant monopalmitate and the glycerol dioleate of the bulk oil. All the generated compounds were simple acylglycerols and glycerol. Therefore, ABE treatment could be useful for GE removal during the manufacture of edible oils.
Investigating the Role of Zeolite Nanocrystal Seeds in the Synthesis of Mesoporous Catalysts with Zeolite Wall Structure (2011)

Mesoporous titania-silica catalysts were prepared by hydrothermal conversion from synthesis solutions containing a zeolite structure directing agent (TPA+) and a porogen (CTA+). Syntheses were carried out with and without addition of zeolite seeds (i.e., TS-1 and Sil-1 nanocrystals). Catalysts prepared in the presence of zeolite nanocrystal seeds have greater proportions of tetrahedrally coordinated titanium, which correlate well with the detection of zeolite SBU fragments and ring-structure by TOF-SIMS and FTIR. The incorporation of titano-silicates and zeolite structural units in the mesopore walls could explain the better activity and stability of these catalysts (Ti-MT1 and Ti-MS1) compared to the catalyst prepared by the conventional method (Ti-MCM-41). The similarity in the reactivity of catalysts prepared from TS-1 and Sil-1 nanocrystal seeds dispels the idea that the seeds are merely a source of the zeolite fragments incorporated in the pore walls but instead suggests that the seeds play an active role to stabilize and promote the incorporation of SBU from the solution.
A 24/77 GHz Dual-Band Receiver for Automotive Radar Applications (2019)

A fully-integrated 24/77 GHz dual-band receiver is presented for automotive radar applications. The proposed receiver consists of a dual-band LNA, a dual-band sub-sampling PLL, and a wideband mixer, operating at 24 and 77 GHz alternatively. Implemented in 65 nm CMOS technology, the receiver achieves 760 and 1800 MHz bandwidth with 52 and 60 mW power consumption in 24 and 77 GHz operation modes, respectively. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first fully-integrated CMOS 24/77 GHz dual-band receiver for automotive radar applications.
Determining the Conductivities of the Two Charge Transport Phases in Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Impedance Spectroscopy (2013)

To apply impedance spectroscopy (IS) for studying charge transport in the mesoporous film of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ss-DSCs), it is necessary to determine the relative conductivities of the electron and hole transporting phases, given the equivalent positions of the distributed electron and hole transport resistances (rt and rh) in the equivalent circuit. Here, in-plane transistor-like devices employing dye-sensitized TiO2 and the spiro-OMeTAD hole conductor were fabricated and characterized with IS. By design, rt and rh are no longer in equivalent positions in these devices, thus providing a means to determine their values independently. Fitting and simulation results of transistor-like devices combined with cross checks against results obtained for ss-DSCs with regular solar cell geometry clearly show that rt is significantly larger than rh under all conditions studied. With rt and rh confidently assigned, charge transport and transfer in ss-DSCs are discussed and effective carrier diffusion lengths are calculated. The results show that charge collection is limited by an inadequate electron diffusion length in ss-DSCs, implying the necessity to enhance electron transport or retard recombination in order to improve the performance of ss-DSCs. We expect that the experimental methodology proposed here will find important use in other ss-DSCs.
Comparative Analysis of Phenolic Compound Profiles, Antioxidant Capacities, and Expressions of Phenolic Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Soybean Microgreens Grown under Different Light Spectra (2019)

Light-emitting diode (LED) based light sources, which can selectively and quantitatively provide different spectra, have been frequently applied to manipulate plant growth and development. In this study, the effects of different LED light spectra on the growth, phenolic compounds profile, antioxidant capacity, and transcriptional changes in genes regulating phenolic biosynthesis in soybean microgreens were investigated. The results showed that light illumination decreased the seedling length and yield but increased phenolic compound content. Blue light and ultraviolet-A (UV-A) induced significant increases in total phenolic and total flavonoid content, as compared with the white light control. Sixty-six phenolic compounds were identified in the soybean samples, of which isoflavone, phenolic acid, and flavonol were the main components. Ten phenolic compounds obtained from the orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were reflecting the effect of light spectra. The antioxidant capacity was consistent with the phenolic metabolite levels, which showed higher levels under blue light and UV-A compared with the control. The highest transcript levels of phenolic biosynthesis-related genes were observed under blue light and UV-A. The transcript levels of <i>GmCHI</i>, <i>GmFLS</i>, and <i>GmIOMT</i> were also upregulated under far-red and red light. Taken together, our findings suggested that the application of LED light could pave a green and effective way to produce phenolic compound-enriched soybean microgreens with high nutritional quality, which could stimulate further investigations for improving plant nutritional value and should have a wide impact on maintaining human health.
ASIC‐based acoustic echo‐canceller board for VME bus (1992)

Abstract This paper deals with the design and realization of an echo‐canceller board for a VME bus. The work has been carried out by integrating the abilities and the competences of some academic and industrial research groups within the framework of Subproject 3.1 of the Italian National Research Council «Telecommunication Project». The board implements an efficient algorithm for the cancellation of acoustic echoes and is to be used in a video‐conference terminal. It employes application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), in order to obtain a compact realization of the system, as required in present inter‐personal terminal systems. The board consists of a DSP processor which computes the algorithm, a high‐performance interface with the analog world, and a finite impulse response filter (FIR) which emulates the response of the acoustic channel. The design and the performance of the integrated circuits for the A/D and D/A conversion and the FIR filter are reported.
4-Acylhydrazinomethylene-2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-ones as Acylating Agents: Synthesis of Salicylanilides and 1,2,4-Triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazines (2001)

A simple and general method for the acylation of an amino or hydrazino group by the application of hydrazides has been developed.It starts from hydrazides (2), which are converted with 4-ethoxymethylene-2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-one (1) to the corresponding 4-acylhydrazinomethylene-2phenyloxazol-5(4H)-ones (3).The latter react with nitrogen-containing nucleoiles in 1,4-dioxane in the presence of triethylamine or zirconium(IV) chloride to give the corresponding amides (7) or mixtures of hydrazides (12) and 1,2,4triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazines (11).Upon prolonged heating, compounds (11) are the main products.Acylation is a very important reaction in organic chemistry. 1Acyl groups serve as protecting groups, 2 they are fragments in biomolecules 3 and other important natural products like peptides, 4,5 etc. 1,2,4-Triazolo-[4,3-b]pyridazines can be prepared from different starting compounds. 6Recently, we have described a very convenient synthesis of various 1-acyl-3-hydroxy-1H-pyrazoles as well as a method for the synthesis of various symmetrically N,N'-disubstituted hydrazines starting from 4-ethoxymethylene-2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-one and hydrazides, 4-phenylsemicarbazide, 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide and benzyl carbazate in boiling dioxane. 7The method represents a possible way for the activation of hydrazides, which are not known as useful donors of acyl units due to their high resonance stability.We also described a general application of 1-acyl-3-hydroxy-1H-pyrazoles as convenient acylating agents for alcohols or phenols, amines and hydrazines; an application of a hydrazide for a direct acylation of an alcohol in the presence of
Zur Kenntnis der Produkte der gemeinsamen Einwirkung von Schwefeldioxyd und Chlor auf aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe im ultravioletten Licht. VIII. Über die Abhängigkeit der oberflächenaktiven und waschtechnischen Eigenschaften der 8 theoretisch möglichen isomeren n‐Hexadekan‐Sulfonate von der Stellung der Sulfogruppe in der Molekel (1955)

Abstract Es wurde an Hand der Hexadekanmolekel als Beispiel festgestellt, daß die Netz‐ und Schaumwirkung, die entfettende Wirkung bei der Wollwäsche und die Wirkung bei der Weißwäsche (Baumwollwäsche) von Monosulfonaten mit einheitlichem hydrophoben Rest von der Stellung der Sulfogruppe in der Molekel abhängt. Die Netz‐, Schaum‐ und Entfettungswirkungen, die fast immer im Zusammenhang stehen, werden bei Verwendung des Hexadecylrestes als hydrophobem Anteil immer günstiger, je weiter sich die Sulfonatgruppe gegen die Molekelmitte verschiebt. Demgegenüber nimmt die Weißwaschwirkung mit Verschiebung der hydrophilen Gruppe nach dem Molekelinneren ab.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp. caprae subsp. nov.: A taxonomic study of a new member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated from goats in Spain (1999)

Isolates from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex cultured from caprine pathological tissue samples were biochemically and genetically characterized. The isolates were negative for nitrate reduction and niacin accumulation, they weakly hydrolysed Tween 80, were sensitive to pyrazinamide (50 micrograms ml-1) and were resistant to 1 and 2 micrograms tiophene-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide ml-1 but not to 5 or 10 micrograms tiophene-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide ml-1. Sequencing of the pncA gene revealed a polymorphism characteristic of M. tuberculosis, whereas oxyR, katG and gyrA sequences were characteristic of Mycobacterium bovis. The fingerprinting patterns obtained with IS6110, direct repeats and polymorphic G+C-rich sequence-associated RFLP and direct variable repeat-spacer oligonucelotide typing (spoligotyping) segregated these isolates from the other members of the complex. The results of this testing, together with the repeated association of this micro-organism with goats, suggest that a new member of this taxonomic complex not matching any of the classical species had been identified. This unusual mycobacterium may play a role in the epidemiology of animal and human tuberculosis in Spain. The name Mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp. caprae subsp. nov. is proposed for these isolates. The type strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp. caprae subsp. nov. is gM-1T (= CIP 105776T).
Demonstration of automatic dispersion equalization in 40 Gbit/s OTDM transmission (2002)

We demonstrated automatic dispersion equalization in a 10-Gbit/s OTDM transmission along 100-km of dispersion shifted fibre (DSF) using a tunable laser as a light source. We used the intensity of the 40-GHz frequency component extracted from the baseband signal to monitor the dispersion in the transmission fiber.
Mettre des mots sur ses maux pour re-vivre (2019)

International audience
Inflammation Regulation via an Agonist and Antagonists of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in RAW264.7 Macrophages (2022)

The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and is closely related to a variety of nervous system diseases and inflammatory responses. The α7 nAChR subtype plays a vital role in the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. In vivo, ACh released from nerve endings stimulates α7 nAChR on macrophages to regulate the NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting the production and release of downstream proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Despite a considerable level of recent research on α7 nAChR-mediated immune responses, much is still unknown. In this study, we used an agonist (PNU282987) and antagonists (MLA and α-conotoxin [A10L]PnIA) of α7 nAChR as pharmacological tools to identify the molecular mechanism of the α7 nAChR-mediated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages. The results of quantitative PCR, ELISAs, and transcriptome analysis were combined to clarify the function of α7 nAChR regulation in the inflammatory response. Our findings indicate that the agonist PNU282987 significantly reduced the expression of the IL-6 gene and protein in inflammatory macrophages to attenuate the inflammatory response, but the antagonists MLA and α-conotoxin [A10L]PnIA had the opposite effects. Neither the agonist nor antagonists of α7 nAChR changed the expression level of the α7 nAChR subunit gene; they only regulated receptor function. This study provides a reference and scientific basis for the discovery of novel α7 nAChR agonists and their anti-inflammatory applications in the future.