gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modelling of a vibro-impact self-propelled capsule in the small intestine (2019)

This paper studies the modelling of a vibro-impact self-propelled capsule system in the small intestinal tract. Our studies focus on understanding the dynamic characteristics of the capsule and its performance in terms of the average speed and energy efficiency under various system and control parameters, such as capsule’s radius and length, and the frequency and magnitude of sinusoidal excitation. We find that the resistance from the small intestine will become larger once the capsule’s size or its instantaneous velocity increases. From our extensive numerical calculations, it is suggested that increasing forcing magnitude or choosing forcing frequency greater than the natural frequency of the inner mass can benefit the average speed of the capsule, and the radius of the capsule should be slightly larger than the radius of the small intestine in order to generate a reasonable resistance for capsule progression. Finally, the locomotion of the capsule along an inclined intestinal tract is tested, and the best radius and forcing magnitude of the capsule are also determined.
Novel synthesis of acetylenes and polyenes via a desulfonylation reaction (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel synthesis of acetylenes and polyenes via a desulfonylation reactionTadakatsu Mandai, Terumi Yanagi, Kunio Araki, Yoshihiro Morisaki, Mikio Kawada, and Junzo OteraCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 12, 3670–3672Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00324a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00324a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views518Altmetric-Citations97LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Divergent Synthesis of Two Precursors of 3′‐Homo‐2′‐deoxy‐ and 2′‐Homo‐3′‐deoxy‐carbocyclic Nucleosides. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Epidural Lysis of Adhesions and Percutaneous Neuroplasty (2012)

Pain Management -Current
Recent Research in 2 Maccabees (2003)

This article discusses the study of 2 Maccabees since c. 1975, focusing on issues pertaining to chronology; the unity, structure and purpose of the book; the date and provenance of the book; and literary criticism. Because 2 Mac cabees stresses the role of the supernatural in relating history, scholars have considered the book to be inferior to 1 Maccabees as a historical source. Recent scholarship, however, is more nuanced in its view of both books: 1 Maccabees is more theological and concerned with literary structuring than previous generations of scholars thought; and 2 Maccabees is more historical and trustworthy than scholars have long considered it to be.
BULK AND THIN FILM SWITCHING AND MEMORY EFFECTS IN SEMICONDUCTING CHALCOGENIDE GLASSES (1969)

Switching phenomena take place in thick bulk samples of semiconducting glass, once a path of devitrified material is established. Potential probe and infrared microradiometer measurements reveal that the switching action takes place in a small region somewhere along this path. Application of voltage pulses can move this region to a different position. Evidence of partial devitrification and melting is also found in thin film switches made from many different glass compositions. Memory switching has also been observed in all bulk and thin film experiments to date. Since the characteristics of bulk and thin film switching are remarkably similar, doubt is cast upon the interpretation of switching phenomena as due to electronic properties of amorphous semiconductors.
Characterization of silicide precipitates in Nb–Si and Nb–Ti–Si alloys (2001)

Abstract The present paper describes the morphology, chemistry and crystallography of silicide precipitates that were observed in Nb–Si and Nb–Ti–Si solid solutions. Although the stable structure of Nb3Si is tetragonal (tP32), within the bcc Nb solid solution, fine-scale Nb3Si precipitates were observed with a metastable orthorhombic crystal structure. These precipitates were observed with an acicular morphology, and with sizes ranging from 2 nm to 1 μm in the assolidified condition. The orientation relationship between these precipitates and the Nb matrix is (100)//(100) and [010]//[010]. It is suggested that the metastable orthorhombic structure forms owing to ease of nucleation of this structure in the bcc Nb matrix. The crystallography of these precipitates is described, and these findings are compared with previous data on the Nb–Si system.
Low-temperature spectroscopic study ofn-type diamond (1999)

A spectroscopic study of epitaxial phosphorus-doped n-type diamond films, prepared by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique, was carried out using the constant photocurrent method (CPM). Liquid nitrogen temperature CPM data show two new optically active defects in the gap of the P-doped CVD diamond film. A theoretical fitting of the optical cross-section data yields 0.56 eV optical excitation energy for the first level (denoted as ${X}_{\mathrm{P}1})$ and 0.81 eV for the second level (denoted as ${X}_{\mathrm{P}2}).$ The ${X}_{\mathrm{P}1}$ optical data are in good agreement with Hall measurements, showing about the same value for the (thermal) activation energy of the carrier concentration for P-doped samples. The ${X}_{\mathrm{P}2}$-defect level remains unidentified. Liquid helium temperature measurements for a high-electrical mobility n-type diamond sample show P-related oscillatory photoconductivity.
Ligand Exchange Reactions Yield Subnanometer, Thiol-Stabilized Gold Particles with Defined Optical Transitions (2002)

A convenient preparation is reported for a series of functionalized, thiol-stabilized gold particles with subnanometer core diameters (dCORE = 0.8 ± 0.2 nm). The preparation produces previously inaccessible materials through ligand exchange reactions of a phosphine-stabilized precursor, Au11(PPh3)8Cl3, with ω-functionalized alkanethiols. Convenient access to these new materials is a prerequisite to the detailed study of the electronic and optical properties of subnanometer particles and the investigation of the utility of these building blocks in nanoscale devices. Preliminary investigations of the optical properties of these new materials by UV−vis spectroscopy revealed that the particles have defined optical transitions. These results confirm the presence of discrete energy levels in the electronic structure of these materials that might be expected due to quantum size effects. Initial studies also suggest that the optical properties depend on the nature of the stabilizing ligand shell. The ligand exchange method described is applicable for a diverse family of alkanethiols to produce both organic- and water-soluble particles that show increased stability over the phosphine-stabilized precursor. Extensive characterization indicates that the thiol-stabilized exchange products have well-defined core sizes and dispersities.
Electric air cleaner composed of nonthermal plasma reactor and electrostatic precipitator (2001)

Recent concerns of environmental protection encourage the use of a compact indoor air cleaner and various types of electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) have been manufactured. Although a wide range of airborne particles can be collected effectively with an ordinary ESP using a positive DC corona, it is difficult to remove gaseous compounds such as tobacco smoke which induces submicron particles and an offensive odor. In the present paper, the authors investigated the collection of submicron particles and the decomposition of acetaldehyde (CH/sub 3/CHO) using a commercial ESP and a nonthermal plasma reactor because the offensive odor of tobacco smoke is mainly caused by acetaldehyde molecules. For an ESP, the authors evaluated the particle-size dependent collection efficiency using a monodispersed aerosol because little investigations have been conducted in this area. As for acetaldehyde decomposition, more than 90% of decomposition efficiency was obtained with the use of the nonthermal plasma under dry air. However, the decomposition efficiency was deteriorated under humidified conditions. The higher collection efficiency was achieved for a particle size of 0.6 /spl mu/m than that of 0.3 /spl mu/m although the overall over collection efficiency exceeded more than 99%. The combination of ESP and nonthermal plasma technologies leads to the breakthrough of the conventional indoor electronic air cleaner technology.
Static Specification Mining Using Automata-Based Abstractions (2008)

We present a novel approach to client-side mining of temporal API specifications based on static analysis. Specifically, we present an interprocedural analysis over a combined domain that abstracts both aliasing and event sequences for individual objects. The analysis uses a new family of automata-based abstractions to represent unbounded event sequences, designed to disambiguate distinct usage patterns and merge similar usage patterns. Additionally, our approach includes an algorithm that summarizes abstract traces based on automata clusters, and effectively rules out spurious behaviors. We show experimental results mining specifications from a number of Java clients and APIs. The results indicate that effective static analysis for client-side mining requires fairly precise treatment of aliasing and abstract event sequences. Based on the results, we conclude that static client-side specification mining shows promise as a complement or alternative to dynamic approaches.
Optimal linear prediction for the lossless compression of volume data (2002)

Summary form only given. Data in volume form consumes an extraordinary amount of storage space. For efficient storage and transmission of such data, compression algorithms are imperative. However, most volumetric data sets are used in biomedicine and other scientific applications where lossy compression is unacceptable. We present a lossless data compression algorithm which uses optimal linear prediction to exploit correlations in all three dimensions. Our algorithm is a combination of differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) and Huffman coding and results in compression of around 50% for a set of volume data files. The compression algorithm was run with each of the different predictors on a set of volumes consisting of MRI images, CT images, and electron-density map data.
Electric and Electric-Hybrid Cars-Evaluation and Comparison (1973)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The electric car has many features that make it attractive for urban use. Currently, its principal shortcomings are its short range and poor efficiency for a realistic driving cycle. An electric hybrid car of advanced design, such as the University of Wisconsin model described here, can overcome the limitations of the all-electric car, while retaining most of its advantages, but only at the expense of greater complexity. More research and development is required before either version can be an adequate replacement for our present internal combustion engine cars.&lt;/div&gt;
Promoter CpG Island Hypermethylation of the DNA Repair Enzyme MGMT Predicts Clinical Response to Dacarbazine in a Phase II Study for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2013)

Objective clinical responses to dacarbazine in patients with metastatic CRC are confined to those tumors harboring epigenetic inactivation of the DNA repair enzyme MGMT.
DNA replication origin of polyoma virus: early proximal boundary (1983)

We constructed a series of deleted polyoma genomes by Bal 31 nuclease digestion from the unique Bg/I site at nucleotide 86 on the "early" side of the origin of DNA replication. The ability of the cloned deleted genomes to replicate was tested after transfection into mouse 3T6 fibroblasts or into the polyomatransformed C127 (COP5) mouse cell line (Tyndall et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 9:6231-6251, 1981). Deletions up to nucleotide 64-had no effect on the amount of replicated DNA accumulated, but larger deletions, extending up to nucleotide 42, decreased this amount 7- to 10-fold. By nucleotide 38, the quantity of detected DNA was down 100-fold, and by nucleotide 20, no replication could be detected. The minimum origin segment does not contain any known high-affinity, large tumor antigen binding site.
SILVER CHLORIDE MICROCRYSTALS SUSPENSIONS IN MICROEMULSION MEDIA (1983)

ABSTRACT A study of the precipitation of silver chloride in a micro-emulsion medium is presented. Measurements of turbidity, X-ray diffraction and small angle scattering show, the rapid formation of small crystals, about 60 °A in diameter wliich show no further growth and aggregate only slowly ; the stabilization of these solid particle suspensions, of steric or electrostatic origin, is increased by six orders of magnitude in comparison with aqueous colloidal solutions
Investigations on Synperiplanar and Antiperiplanar Isomers of Losartan: Theoretical and Experimental NMR Studies (2015)

Losartan inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system by blocking the angiotensin II receptor. It is commonly used in cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension. Several publications applied the ab initio and density functional theory methods to investigate the molecule of losartan. Only in one of them were the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra calculations carried out, and their results were correlated with the experimental values. The authors focused their attention on calculations of the anion form of losartan, taking into consideration both its synperiplanar and antiperiplanar configurations. Coefficients of determination and mean absolute deviation parameters were calculated for the experimental and calculated chemical shifts for every used basis set. They showed a noticeably stronger correlation for the anti-isomers than for the syn-isomers. Moreover, the solvation model increased the value of this parameter. The results of calculations confirmed that an anti-conformation of the analyte seems to be the preferred one, and such an orientation might be most potent within the receptor cavity, which is in agreement with the results of previous studies.
Aging Monitoring for Memory-based ReconFigurable Logic Device (MRLD) (2020)

MRLD is a new type of reconfigurable device constructed by general SRAMs array that is promising to use for the next-generation IoT edge devices. During the operation of the MRLD, aging-induced failures may occur without any previous notice, which greatly affects the reliability of the entire IoT systems. In this paper, we propose a method for early detecting and reporting the effect of the aging in MRLD. The method configures a new designed ring oscillator circuit into the MRLD for monitoring its internal delay variations. Simulation results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Synthese und Struktur des ersten metallorganischen Galloxanhydroxids Mes6Ga6O4(OH)4 (1994)

Durch kontrollierte Hydrolyse von (Mesityl) 2 GaOH entsteht das erste strukturell charakterisierte Galloxanhydroxid 1 , das als [ l (THF) 4 ]. 6 THF kristallisiert. Das Gerüst von 1 besteht aus einem verzerrten Ga 6 ‐Oktaeder, dessen Flächen alternierend von μ 3 ‐O‐oder μ 3 OH‐Liganden überdacht sind. Im Bild rechts sind nur die ipso ‐C‐ und 0‐Atome der Mesityl‐ bzw. vier THF‐Substituenten dargestellt. magnified image
The Immune Mechanisms of the Visceral Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Obesity as the Underlying Cause of Development of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and its Complication (2014)

Debljina danas predstavlja znacajan medicinski izazov u svijetu zbog velike zahvacenosti ljudske populacije i brojnih zdravstvenih komplikacija koje uzrokuje. Rezistencija na inzulin i posljedicni razvoj secerne bolesti tipa 2 su među najcescim komplikacijama debljine, a kronicna upala masnog tkiva niskog intenziteta smatra se kljucnim događajem koji sve to povezuje.
Analysis of High-Order Slotted Surface Gratings by the 2-D Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (2016)

High-order slotted surface gratings are analyzed by the finite-difference time-domain method. The power reflection, transmission and loss are calculated for these gratings. Results show good agreement with those calculated by the 2-D scattering matrix method. Simulations predict that such slotted surface gratings will yield the lowest loss with slot width equal to a quarterwavelength (λ/4) in the slot area. The calculated field distribution shows that a wider slot width results in a larger scattering loss from the gratings. It is also found that for the gratings with slot width of 5λ/4, the power reflection will increase by more than 45% while the loss will drop to just half of the value for the 9λ/4 slot width grating that was used in previous designs. Moreover, it can still be fabricated by standard photolithography since the slot width is around 610 nm, which means that lasers based on such gratings can be easily fabricated and will have a lower threshold current with higher slope efficiency than previous designs.
Organic sonochemistry. Sonic acceleration of the Reformatsky reaction (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic sonochemistry. Sonic acceleration of the Reformatsky reactionByung Hee Han and Philip BoudjoukCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 25, 5030–5032Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00146a044https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00146a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views969Altmetric-Citations109LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fabrication of distributed electrostatic micro actuator (DEMA) (1993)

A distributed electrostatic micro actuator (DEMA) has been proposed. The actuator has many small driving units which consist of two wave-like insulated electrodes. Both ends of insulated electrodes are connected to each other, and the driving unit has narrow gap for deformation caused by electrostatic forces. The driving units have large area of electrodes and are distributed in series and in parallel. So, a strong electrostatic force can be obtained, and the deformation and the generated force of the actuator would be large. Macro model of the DEMA was fabricated with polyimide films, and the deformation of the actuator was measured. When the applied voltage was 200 V, the deformation ratio was 36%. A micro actuator was fabricated by use of photolithography and electroplating. The displacement of 28 mu m was observed when applied voltage was 160 V. Experimental results of the micro actuator were compared with the results simulated by finite element method (FEM) analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Design of a fully-enclosed disposable bio-micro fluidic cartridge with self-contained reagents for infectious diseases diagnostic applications (2009)

To meet the requirements of infectious diseases identification, a sealed and fully enclosed cartridge with self-contained reagents was developed. The inlet and outlet ports of the cartridge are self-sealing. The waste produced during the diagnostic process was collected in a waste bag, which is enclosed in the cartridge. Two different types of waste bags were designed to reduce the overall thickness of the cartridge. A silicon chip with filter, binder and mixer components was integrated into the microfluidic cartridge for the extraction of the nucleic acid sample from the infectious virus sample. By using a switch valve the nucleic acid sample and waste were split and collected in a PCR tube and a waste bag respectively. The PCR tube, modified with self-sealing elastomer cap, was used for collecting the nucleic acid. The whole extraction process was carried out automatically in a small table-top actuator system. With the dengue virus as the input sample, RNA (ribonucleic acid) is extracted and subjected to RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) which detected the diagnostic size of the target amplicon.
Identification and targeted disruption of the gene encoding the main 3-ketosteroid dehydrogenase in Mycobacterium smegmatis (2005)

The catabolic potential for sterol degradation of fast-growing mycobacteria is well known. However, no genes or enzymes responsible for the steroid degradation process have been identified as yet in these species. One of the key enzymes required for degradation of the steroid ring structure is 3-ketosteroid Delta(1)-dehydrogenase (KsdD). The recent annotation of the Mycobacterium smegmatis genome (TIGR database) revealed six KsdD homologues. Targeted disruption of the MSMEG5898 (ksdD-1) gene, but not the MSMEG4855 (ksdD-2) gene, resulted in partial inactivation of the cholesterol degradation pathway and accumulation of the intermediate 4-androstene-3,17-dione. This effect was reversible by the introduction of the wild-type ksdD-1 gene into M. smegmatis DeltaksdD-1 or overexpression of ksdD-2. The data indicate that KsdD1 is the main KsdD in M. smegmatis, but that KsdD2 is able to perform the cholesterol degradation process when overproduced.
Ariane : appareil de dépouillement automatique de clichés (1969)

Ariane est un appareil automatique pour l'analyse des photographies de chambres à étincelles. Il utilise un tube à rayons cathodiques contrôlé par un petit calculateur en ligne. A ce jour, quatre expériences de physique, totalisant plus d'un million de clichés, ont été dépouillées avec succès et ont permis la réalisation d'une deuxième version d'Ariane ayant de meilleures performances.