gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GPR investigation on buried rocks in Martian subsoil for “WISDOM” project: Numerical and measurement set-up results (2010)

In this work, the detection of buried rocks using a GPR system on a rover for Martian missions is investigated with both an experimental set-up and numerical simulations. The experimental set-up is made of a box filled with a host medium and buried basalts of different shapes and sizes. The numerical simulations, performed with a commercial software, are compared and validated with the measurement results, allowing for a greater flexibility of the analyzed environment and of the measurements devices.
Compensation voltage (CV) peak shapes using a domed FAIMS with the inner electrode translated to various longitudinal positions (2005)

High-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) separates ions at atmospheric pressure based on the difference in the mobility of an ion in a strong electric field and in a weak electric field. This field-dependent mobility of an ion is reflected in the compensation voltage (CV) at which the ion is transmitted through FAIMS at an applied asymmetric waveform dispersion voltage (DV). In this report, we show that experimental CV peak shapes using dome tipped inner electrode FAIMS prototypes with inner/outer electrode radii of: (1) 0.2/0.4 cm and (2) 0.4/0.6 cm are a function of the longitudinal position of the inner electrode. Varying the longitudinal position of the inner electrode modifies the electric fields between the surfaces of the hemispherical shaped inner electrode and the outer electrode in the vicinity of the ion outlet. In this region the position-dependent electric field strength (E/N) effectively forms a second tandem FAIMS analyzer region having differing ion separation properties. The final tandem FAIMS separation is the intersection of the CV windows of these two differing FAIMS separations and, therefore, the peak width in the CV scan is dependent on the longitudinal tip displacement (LTD) of the inner electrode. CV scans are shown for a LTD range of 0.14 to 0.4 cm. These scans illustrate that it is possible to control the FAIMS resolution (CV/peak width) from about 1 for the 0.2/0.4 cm electrode set at intermediate longitudinal position to over 10 at the narrowest distance between the inner electrode and the ion outlet.
Nuclear polarization of 3He gas at and below 4.2 K by room temperature laser optical pumping (1984)

Ground state nuclear polarizations up to 50% have been produced in 3He gas at liquid helium temperatures and number densities of order 1018 cm−3 by a polarization transfer technique. 3He gas in a room temperature pyrex cell is optically pumped by light from a color center laser. Polarized ground state atoms diffuse to a second cell immersed in a liquid helium bath. That part of the double cell interior surface near liquid helium temperatures is coated with frozen molecular hydrogen. Under good conditions over 90% of the polarization in the pumping cell is transferred to the cold cell.
Single-channel blind estimation of reverberation parameters (2015)

The reverberation of an acoustic channel can be characterised by two frequency-dependent parameters: the reverberation time and the direct-to-reverberant energy ratio. This paper presents an algorithm for blindly determining these parameters from a single-channel speech signal. The algorithm uses an extended Kalman filter to estimate the parameters together with a hidden semi-Markov model to identify intervals of speech activity.
Finding query suggestions for PubMed. (2009)

It is common for PubMed users to repeatedly modify their queries (search terms) before retrieving documents relevant to their information needs. To assist users in reformulating their queries, we report the implementation and usage analysis of a new component in PubMed called Related Queries, which automatically produces query suggestions in response to the original user's input. The proposed method is based on query log analysis and focuses on finding popular queries that contain the initial user search term with a goal of helping users describe their information needs in a more precise manner. This work has been integrated into PubMed since January 2009. Automatic assessment using clickthrough data show that each day, the new feature is used consistently between 6% and 10% of the time when it is shown, suggesting that it has quickly become a popular new feature in PubMed.
High-throughput analysis of endogenous fruit glycosyl hydrolases using a novel chromogenic hydrogel substrate assay (2017)

A broad range of enzyme activities can be found in a wide range of different fruits and fruiting bodies and we demonstrate how many samples and diverse activities can be handled in a high-throughput and efficient manner.
Applications of Taylor-Galerkin finite element method to compressible internal flow problems (1989)

A two-step Taylor-Galerkin finite element method with Lapidus' artificial viscosity scheme is applied to several test cases for internal compressible inviscid flow problems. Investigations for the effect of supersonic/subsonic inlet and outlet boundary conditions on computational results are particularly emphasized.
A new cost-effective multi-drive solution based on a two-stage direct power electronic conversion topology (2003)

The matrix converter is a single stage AC/AC converter, which is able to provide sinusoidal PWM output voltages and input currents, inherent bi-directional power flow with no need of bulky DC-capacitors and large line inductors. However, the increased number of active switches (18) and the need of a protection circuit involving twelve diodes with full voltage/current ratings used only during faulty situations, makes this topology not so attractive. Lately, two stage direct power electronic conversion (DPEC) topologies have been proposed, providing similar functionality as a matrix converter but allowing for a reduction of power devices. In this paper, a new DPEC topology suited for multi-drive application is proposed, having an input port for a three-phase power supply and several output ports to connect three-phase loads, which are independently controlled. The cost of the rectification stage is therefore shared by many loads, making this topology more cost effective. The functionality of the proposed two-stage multi-drive direct power electronic conversion topology is validated by experiments on a realistic laboratory prototype.
Inhibition of Autophagy Signaling via 3-methyladenine Rescued Nicotine-Mediated Cardiac Pathological Effects and Heart Dysfunctions (2020)

<b>Rationale:</b> Cigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. The deleterious effects are mainly due to nicotine, but the mechanisms involved and theranostics remain unclear. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that nicotine exposure increases the heart sensitivity to ischemia/reperfusion injury and dysfunction, which can be rescued by autophagy inhibitor. <b>Methods:</b> Nicotine or saline was administered to adult rats via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps in the absence or presence of an autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA). After 30 days of nicotine treatment, the rats underwent the cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) procedure and echocardiography analysis, and the heart tissues were isolated for molecular biological studies. <b>Results:</b> Nicotine exposure increased I/R-induced cardiac injury and cardiac dysfunction as compared to the control. The levels of autophagy-related proteins including LC3 II, P62, Beclin1, and Atg5 were upregulated in the reperfused hearts isolated from nicotine-treated group. In addition, nicotine enhanced cardiac and plasma ROS production, and increased the phosphorylation of GSK3β (ser9) in the left ventricle tissues. Treatment with 3-MA abolished nicotine-mediated increase in the levels of autophagy-related proteins and phosphorylation of GSK3β, but had no effect on ROS production. Of importance, 3-MA ameliorated the augmented I/R-induced cardiac injury and dysfunction in the nicotine-treated group as compared to the control. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our results demonstrate that nicotine exposure enhances autophagy signaling pathway, resulting in development of ischemic-sensitive phenotype of heart. It suggests a potentially novel therapeutic strategy of autophagy inhibition for the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
Dissecting the genetic heterogeneity of myopia susceptibility in an Ashkenazi Jewish population using ordered subset analysis. (2011)

The chromosome 6 and 20 loci are entirely novel and appear linked in a subset of families whose myopia is known to be linked to chromosome 22. The chromosome 11 locus overlaps with the known Myopia-7 (MYP7, OMIM 609256) locus. Using ordered subset analysis allows us to find additional loci linked to myopia in subsets of families, and underlines the complex genetic heterogeneity of myopia even in highly aggregated families and genetically isolated populations such as the Ashkenazi Jews.
Venous and arterial flow quantification are equally accurate and precise with parallel imaging compressed sensing 4D phase contrast MRI (2012)

With PICS-4DPC MRI, the accuracy and precision of venous flow quantification are comparable to that of arterial flow quantification at velocity-encodings appropriate for arterial vessels.
Percutaneous US-guided radio-frequency tissue ablation of liver metastases: treatment and follow-up in 16 patients. (1997)

RF ablation appears to be a simple, safe, and potentially effective treatment for selected patients with liver metastases and may become a less invasive alternative to surgical therapy.
Synthesis and pharmacological activity of amides and the ozonolysis product of maleopimaric acid (2010)

The synthesis of a new group of maleopimaric acid amides containing fragments of the methyl esters of amino acids, aliphatic amines, imidazole and N-methylpiperazine was carried out. Ozonolysis of methyl maleopimarate flows through the cleavage of double bond C18(19) and the disclosure of anhydrous cycle with formation of secotriacid. As a result of screening of anti-inflammatory and antiulcer activity of maleopimaric acid derivatives new effective compounds such as methyl esters of maleopimaric acid and product of ozonolysis - diterpenic secotriacid, maleopimaric acid amide with L-leucine were revealed. An important advantage of the compounds studied is the low toxicity and the presence of bidirectional activity in the absence of adverse effects on the animal.
Remote photonic sensing of glucose concentration via analysis of time varied speckle patterns (2018)

The ability to perform a remote sensing of glucose in the blood stream can be very applicable. The novel method presented in this paper is based on two optical approaches both based on the extraction and analysis of the changes in the collected speckle field. The first physical effect used for the detection is the temporal changes of the back scattered secondary speckles produced in the skin due to the changes of the blood stream parameters as a function of the glucose concentration in the blood. These cardio related changes can be analyzed with different machine learning algorithms to enhance the sensitivity of the measurements. The second physical effect assisting in performing the remote glucose sensing is the Faraday rotation effect in which the polarization of linearly polarized light is rotated when scattered from materials exhibiting this effect while being exposed to a magnetic field.
Effect of human pituitary luteinizing hormone administration on plasma levels of dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenediol and their sulphates and testosterone in women with secondary amenorrhoea (1983)

Human pituitary LH (1200 i.u.) was infused for 4 h (from 10.00 to 14.00 h) into six women with anorexia nervosa and into five women with polycystic ovarian disease (PCO). Plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS), androstenediol sulphate, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), androstenediol and testosterone were estimated by gas-liquid chromatography in blood samples taken every 2 h from 10.00 to 20.00 h. The values were compared with those obtained at the same times on the previous control day. There were no significant changes in the plasma levels of DHAS and androstenediol sulphate in response to LH at any of the sampling times in either the anorexia nervosa or the PCO patients. In the anorexia nervosa women, plasma DHA levels were significantly increased at 16.00 (P less than 0.001), 18.00 (P less than 0.001) and 20.00 h (P less than 0.05) after LH infusion. In the PCO women, DHA levels increased significantly at 14.00 (P less than 0.01), 16.00 (P less than 0.001), 18.00 (P less than 0.001) and 20.00 h (P less than 0.001) in response to LH infusion. Plasma androstenediol levels increased significantly in the anorexia nervosa patients at 12.00 (P less than 0.001), 14.00 (P less than 0.01) and 16.00 h (P less than 0.01) in response to LH. Similar increases were also found in the PCO patients at 12.00 (P less than 0.01), 14.00 (P less than 0.001) and 16.00 h (P less than 0.01). Plasma testosterone decreased progressively in the anorexic women in response to LH, becoming significant at 16.00 (P less than 0.05), 18.00 (P less than 0.05) and 20.00 h (P less than 0.01). A similar progressive decrease in plasma testosterone was seen in the PCO women, the levels being significantly lower than controls at 16.00 (P less than 0.05), 18.00 (P less than 0.05) and 20.00 h (P less than 0.05). The results represent the first experimental evidence for a direct regulatory role for LH on androgen secretion in women. In addition, the data have a significant bearing on the pathogenesis of the PCO syndrome and the development of hirsutism which may be directly related to the high androgen levels in PCO women in whom the levels of LH are normally raised. The data may also offer an explanation for the mechanisms responsible for the low androgen levels in anorexia nervosa patients in whom there is a gonadotrophin deficiency.
Renal fibrosis: Insight from proteomics in animal models and human disease (2011)

This article was originally published in Proteomics 2011, 11 , 805–815, DOI 10.1002/pmic.201000380
A closer look at initial CdS growth on high-efficiency Cu(In, Ga)Se<inf>2</inf> absorbers using surface-sensitive methods (2016)

In this contribution we present further evidence that the post-deposition treatment with alkali elements (PDT) on Cu(In, Ga)Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (CIGS) films can positively influence the initial growth of chemical-bath-deposited CdS. We investigate the surface of CIGS films with and without PDT during initial growth of CdS by various surface-sensitive methods - x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy - in order to gather information about the growth rate and coverage of CdS on the two surface types. We find that the CdS film deposited for 180 seconds on PDT-CIGS is mostly closed, while samples without PDT show very inhomogeneous coverage. Furthermore, for growth on PDT-CIGS, the effective CdS film thickness is determined to be higher by both XPS and SE. Finally, we present a discussion of the information content of the methods employed here.
Resource Description and Development Potential of the Ugnu Reservoir, North Slope, Alaska (1992)

Summary The Ugnu deposit, located on the North Slope of Alaska, contains more than 6 billion bbl [954 × 106 m3] of oil in place (OIP) in the Kuparuk area. The oil has been biodegraded. At reservoir temperature, the dead-oil viscosity varies from 100, 000 to 10, 000, 000 cp [100 to 10 000 Pa·s]. The paper provides reservoir and geological descriptions of the resource and discusses the key aspects affecting development. These aspects include high-temperature formation damage, the projected production performance, and the design considerations for injecting steam through a thick permafrost interval.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOME 10‐SUBSTITUTED 2,3‐DIHYDROIMIDAZO(2,1‐B)QUINAZOLIN‐5(10H)‐ONES, A NEW CLASS OF BRONCHODILATORS (1975)

Abstract Die Kondensation zwischen den N‐Alkyl‐isatosäureanhydriden (I) und den cyclischen S‐Alkyl‐isothioharnstoffen (II) in Dioxan liefert die Kondensate (III) und (IV); aus den N‐unsubstituierten Isatosäureanhydriden werden zudem die Kondensate (V) erhalten.
Application of two-dimensional time-domain correlation method to stepped-frequency radar motion compensation (2009)

A novel motion compensation method based on two-dimensional time-domain correlation (2D-TC) function for stepped-frequency radar (SFR) is proposed to focus the range profile of SAR image in the condition of high target speed and low pulse repetition frequency (PRF). In such condition, serious pulse-to-pulse envelope shift of SFR echo greatly decreases the velocity-estimation performances of traditional motion compensation methods. The 2D-TC function of two returned bursts is insensitive to envelope shift, which indicates the target migration proportional to the target velocity in both the high and the low range resolution dimensions. Using a target model composed of multiple scatterers, the auto and the cross components of the 2D-TC function are deduced. The performance of joint velocity estimation using both dimensions is analyzed, which results in higher accuracy and wider unambiguous extent for highspeed target and low-PRF waveform. Statistical tests of typical methods are simulated and compared, and the results verify the validity of the new method.
Determination of unacceptable HLA antigen mismatches in kidney transplant recipients: recommendations of the German Society for Immunogenetics (2015)

One of the major tasks of histocompatibility and immunogenetics laboratories is the pretransplant determination of unacceptable antigen mismatches (UAM) in kidney transplant recipients. In this procedure, human leucocyte antigen (HLA) specificities are defined against which the patient has circulating alloantibodies that are expected to harm the transplanted organ. Using the information on UAM and the potential donor's complete HLA typing, prediction of the crossmatch result, the so called 'virtual crossmatch', is possible. Currently, the laboratories are using different algorithms for the determination of UAM, and depending on the algorithm, more or fewer organ offers are excluded for patients with a similar antibody profile. In order to bring homogeneity into the allocation of organs to immunized patients in Germany, the German Society for Immunogenetics established, on the basis of current knowledge, recommendations for the determination of UAM. The UAM recommendations, which are thought to serve as a common tool for responsible physicians at different transplant centers, contain technical issues that need to be considered and are individualized for sensitized patients with a high or intermediate risk of antibody-mediated rejection. The present review contains these recommendations and puts them into perspective to current international practice.
Sliding mode control on receding horizon: Practical control design and application (2021)

Sliding mode control (SMC) is to keep the system to a stable differential manifold. Model predictive control (MPC) calculates the control input by solving an optimization problem on receding horizon. The method of receding horizon sliding control (RHSC) includes the predicted information into the SMC design by combining SMC and MPC. Considering the modeling error and measurement noise, there are model-mismatch and disturbance problems in control practice. This paper combines the demonstrated method of RHSC with a state-augmented Kalman filter addressing the model mismatch and disturbance problem. The proposed scheme has been applied to the air system of an advanced heavy-duty engine. The results have shown the capability of tracking the reference signal during a step-response test and the convergence rate to the target signal is 10% faster than MPC.
Search for an anomalous excess of inclusive charged-current νe interactions in the MicroBooNE experiment using Wire-Cell reconstruction (2022)

We report a search for an anomalous excess of inclusive charged-current (CC) e interactions using the Wire-Cell event reconstruction package in the MicroBooNE experiment, which is motivated by the previous observation of a low-energy excess (LEE) of electromagnetic events from the MiniBooNE experiment. With a single liquid argon time projection chamber detector, the measurements of CC interactions as well as 0 interactions are used to constrain signal and background predictions of e CC interactions. A data set collected from February 2016 to July 2018 corresponding to an exposure of 6.369 10 20 protons on target from the Booster Neutrino Beam at FNAL is analyzed. With x representing an overall normalization factor and referred to as the LEE strength parameter, we select 56 fully contained e CC candidates while expecting 69.6 AE 8.0 (stat.) AE5.0 (sys.) and 103.8 AE 9.0 (stat.) AE7.4 (sys.) candidates after constraints for the absence (eLEE x0 ) of the median signal strength derived from the MiniBooNE observation and the presence (eLEE x1 ) of that signal strength, respectively. Under a nested hypothesis test using both rate and shape information in all available channels, the best-fit x is determined to be 0 (eLEE x0 ) with a 95.5% confidence level upper limit of x at 0.502. Under a simple-vs-simple hypotheses test, the eLEE x1 hypothesis is rejected at 3.75, while the eLEE x0 hypothesis is shown to be consistent with the observation at 0.45. In the context of the eLEE model, the estimated 68.3% confidence interval of the e CC hypothesis to explain the LEE observed in the MiniBooNE experiment is disfavored at a significance level of more than 2.6 (3.0) considering MiniBooNE's full (statistical) uncertainties.
Bottenfaunaundersökning i Kalmar län 2004 : Uppföljning av försurnings- och kalkningseffekter vid 6 vattendrag och 3 sjölitoraler (2005)

Årets undersökning har omfattat totalt nio lokaler, sex lokaler i rinnande vatten och tre sjölitoraler. Proverna har tagits i västra delen av länet, på åtta lokaler i Emån och på en lokal i Stångån. Kalkning sker årligen i båda avrinningsområdena, vid någon enstaka punkt endast vartannat år. Bedömning har gjorts av försurningspåverkan, påverkan av organiska/ eutrofierande föroreningar (ej i sjöar) samt naturvärde. Resultatet visade att: • Samtliga lokaler bedömdes som obetydligt påverkade av försurning. • Fem av de sex lokalerna i rinnande vatten bedömdes som obetydligt påverkade av förorening. En lokal (Skärvån, Kängesbo, Em18) bedömdes vara måttligt påverkad. • En lokal bedömdes ha ett mycket högt naturvärde (Nötån, Kronobo, Em17). Fem lokaler bedömdes ha ett högt naturvärde och tre lokaler bedömdes ha ett allmänt naturvärde. Resultatet från 2004 visade att kalkningsinsatserna har varit tillräckliga för att upprätthålla en obetydlig försurningspåverkan i de undersökta vattendragen och sjöarna.
Effect of Winding Tension on Electrical Behaviors of a No-Insulation ReBCO Pancake Coil (2013)

This paper presents a study on the effects of winding tension on the characteristic resistance of a no-insulation (NI) coil. Two ReBCO NI test pancake coils, having the same winding i.d. (60 mm), o.d. (67.6 mm), and number of turns (60), were sequentially prepared in a way that the first test coil was wound with a winding tension of 12-N, tested, and then rewound with a new winding tension of 20-N for the same tests. In each test, the test coil was energized at a target current, the power supply was "suddenly" disconnected, and then the temporal decay of the coil center field was measured, from which the time constant of the test coil and the consequent characteristic resistance were obtained. To check the reproducibility of experimental data, each test was repeated four times and each time the test coil was unwound and rewound with a given winding tension. The experimental results were analyzed with equivalent circuit analyses. Correlation between the winding tension and the characteristic resistance was discussed in detail.