gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of Van-der-Waals Forces Actuated Polyurethane Micro-grippers in the Handling of IC Micro-components (2012)

The handling of integrated circuit (IC) micro-parts is a great challenge in micro-assembly of electronics micro-components. The micro-parts adhere to the two-fingered mechanical grippers commonly used, and in the event that they are released precision is comprised. In some cases the micro-parts are strained or broken during the handling operations.  The paper presents a solution through the use of Van-der-Waals forces actuated polyurethane grippers. These grippers are advantageous in that they do not leave residual stresses, charges and strains on the handled IC micro-components.  They afford precision position of micro-parts and provide the necessary working space for soldering operations. A motoman robot coupled with polyurethane micro-grippers was used to pick, transfer and place micro-parts ranging from 10 mm down to 500 µm in the micro-assembly of IC micro-components.
Crystal structure of a 3B3 variant—A broadly neutralizing HIV‐1 scFv antibody (2009)

We present the crystal structure determination of an anti-HIV-1 gp120 single-chain variable fragment antibody variant, 3B3, at 2.5 A resolution. This 3B3 variant was derived from the b12 antibody, using phage display and site-directed mutagenesis of the variable heavy chain (V(H)) complementary-determining regions (CDRs). 3B3 exhibits enhanced binding affinity and neutralization activity against several cross-clade primary isolates of HIV-1 by interaction with the recessed CD4-binding site on the gp120 envelope protein. Comparison with the structures of the unbound and bound forms of b12, the 3B3 structure closely resembles these structures with minimal differences with two notable exceptions. First, there is a reorientation of the CDR-H3 of the V(H) domain where the primary sequences evolved from b12 to 3B3. The structural changes in CDR-H3 of 3B3, in light of the b12-gp120 complex structure, allow for positioning an additional Trp side chain in the binding interface with gp120. Finally, the second region of structural change involves two peptide bond flips in CDR-L3 of the variable light (V(L)) domain triggered by a point mutation in CDR-H3 of Q100eY resulting in changes in the intramolecular hydrogen bonding patterning between the V(L) and V(H) domains. Thus, the enhanced binding affinities and neutralization capabilities of 3B3 relative to b12 probably result from higher hydrophobic driving potential by burying more aromatic residues at the 3B3-gp120 interface and by indirect stabilization of intramolecular contacts of the core framework residues between the V(L) and V(H) domains possibly through more favorable entropic effect through the expulsion of water.
Fixed ratio dosing of pramlintide with regular insulin before a standard meal in patients with type 1 diabetes (2015)

Amylin is co-secreted with insulin and is therefore lacking in patients with type 1 diabetes. Replacement with fixed ratio co-administration of insulin and the amylin analogue pramlintide may be superior to separate dosing. This concept was evaluated in a ratio-finding study. Patients with type 1 diabetes were enrolled in a randomized, single-masked, standard breakfast crossover study using regular human insulin injected simultaneously with pramlintide 6, 9 or 12 mcg/unit insulin or placebo. Insulin dosage was reduced by 30% from patients' usual estimates. Plasma glucose, glucagon and pramlintide and adverse events were assessed. All ratios reduced 0-3-h glucose and glucagon increments by >50%. No hypoglycaemia occurred. Adverse events were infrequent and generally mild. All pramlintide/insulin ratios markedly and safely reduced glycaemic excursions and suppressed glucagon secretion in the immediate postprandial state. Further study using one of these ratios to explore the efficacy and safety of longer-term meal-time and basal hormone replacement is warranted.
Study of polymer-clay composite particles Preparation, properties and potential applications (2003)

AbstractA range of polymer-clay composite particles have been prepared and the ability of the dispersed particles to absorb an important contaminant (PO3-4 ) from water has been investigated. The clay particles were Wyoming bentonite and the polymer was poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), poly(DADMAC). Two types of poly(DADMAC) with differing molecular weights (1·5×105 and 4·5×105 g mol- 1) were used. The adsorption of the polymer (a polycation) onto the clay particles (to form composite particles) was studied using adsorption isotherm measurements and electrophoretic mobility measurements. The data showed that the structure of the polymer layer was affected by the polymer molecular weight. The higher molecular weight polymer appears to have a lower proportion of adsorbed chains with a 'train' conformation as opposed to 'loops'. (Polymer trains are sequences of consecutive monomer units that are adsorbed flat to the surface; whereas loops are sequences of consecutive monomer units that are adsorbed to the surface only at the sequence ends.) Preliminary absorption measurements demonstrated that the composite particles were able to absorb PO3-4 from aqueous solution. The data reveal that composite particles prepared with monolayer polymer coverage should have the capacity to absorb up to 14 wt-% PO3-4. This provides scope for application of the composite particles for water purification.
Developing human lung and kidney are major sites for synthesis of bone morphogenetic protein-3 (osteogenin). (1994)

Bone morphogenetic protein-3 (BMP-3; osteogenin) is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. We used human BMP-3 cDNA probes and a specific BMP-3 polyclonal peptide antibody to analyze BMP-3 expression and synthesis in human fetal and adult tissues. Northern blot hybridization revealed two mRNA species of 7 and 3 KB. High levels of BMP-3 mRNA were found in fetal lungs. By in situ hybridization, the BMP-3 transcripts were found in lung bronchial epithelium, straight collecting kidney tubules, intestinal mucosa, perichondrium, periosteum, and osteoblasts of human embryos of 6-14 weeks' gestation. Cellular BMP-3 immunostaining co-localized with the distribution of RNA. In addition, bone matrix showed intensive BMP-3 staining. These data suggest that although BMP-3 has been isolated from bone matrix, it may have additional regulatory roles in the morphogenesis and/or function of human lung, kidney, and intestine.
RESEARCH TOWARD IMPROVED FLYWHEEL SUSPENSION AND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS (1976)

This report describes CSDL efforts on a NSF-sponsored study to conceptualize and develop advanced concepts for suspension and energy conversion systems for use in conjunction with flywheel energy storage. These flywheel and energy conversion studies were directed toward the utilization of flywheel energy storage for utility load-leveling during peak power periods, both at the residential and utility levels, for complementing windmill or photovoltaic systems, and for transportation systems. A detailed set of system requirements which would allow two-way power flow between a high-speed flywheel shaft and a 60-Az line was outlined. A study of existing conversion system types indicated that the system requirements could best be met with a new concept. Therefore, a special-purpose integrated rotating machine and power-switching stage were designed. Quantitative techniques were developed to analyze the energy conversion and control systems. An economic study of existing bearing types indicated that magnetic bearings have the greatest potential for development for use in stationary flywheel energy storage systems with long storage cycles, although a newly developed ball bearing would be superior for moving applications and some short storage cycle stationary applications. A special-purpose low-loss magnetic suspension system was designed which will allow efficient 24-hour cycle energy storage. A computer model of the flywheel and suspension system was developed to aid in the determination of critical suspension and control parameters and evaluation of system performance.
CMOS current-mode analog circuit building blocks for rf DC-DC converter controllers (2003)

Conventional switch-mode dc-dc converters are operated at frequencies in the order of hundreds of kHz to single MHz. Switching frequencies in the order of tens of MHz would enable applications of RF converters in low power communications and computing integrated circuits with dynamic voltage scaling. Controllers for these converters would have to operate with a bandwidth in the GHz range. The maximum bandwidth for DSP controllers is around 100 MHz. It is expected that current-mode analog signal processing can achieve high enough bandwidths to control RF converters. Two fundamental building blocks for current mode analog integrated circuits are the current conveyor and the current comparator. This paper presents a high-speed current conveyor and current comparator that can be used to implement a feedback VLSI controller for RF dc-dc converters. Simulation results for both circuits show very high speed, low power consumption and small dc offset.
Abstract A13: Androgen receptor functions as an adaptor protein for recruitment of protein phosphatase 1a to chromatin and CDK9 mobilization (2016)

Abstract The androgen receptor (AR) plays a central role in prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. AR activity can be modulated by phosphorylation at multiple sites, with S81 phosphorylation mediated by CDK9 playing a particularly important role that may be due to enhancing recruitment of the coactivator p300. The CDK9/cyclin T complex (P-TEFb) is recruited to enhancer/promoter sites by BRD4, where it phosphorylates NELF and RNA polymerase 2 to stimulate transcriptional elongation. A large fraction of P-TEFb is held in an inactive state by association with a 7SK RNA complex, and can be released from this complex through dephosphorylation of CDK9 by protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). The major isoform of the PP1 catalytic subunit, PP1a, associates with a large number of regulatory proteins that target it to specific sites. PNUTS is a regulatory protein targeting PP1a to chromatin, but additional mechanisms that may target PP1a to chromatin to mediate CDK9 dephosphorylation and drive transcriptional elongation remain to be identified. We reported previously that AR could interact with PP1a, and that PP1a could enhance AR activity by dephosphorylating S650 in the AR hinge region and thereby prevent its nuclear export. In this study we show by chromatin immunoprecipitation that AR also recruits PP1a to androgen-stimulated enhancers, and show that PP1a inhibition with tautomycin prevents P-TEFb recruitment to AR-regulated genes and CDK9-mediated phosphorylation of RNA polymerase 2. We further show that PP1a binds to the AR ligand binding domain independently of ligand, and that this binding is negatively regulated by the androgen induced AR N/C-terminal interaction. Significantly, the AR N/C interaction impairs AR recruitment of coactivators prior to chromatin binding, but is disrupted on chromatin to enhance coactivator recruitment, which would also facilitate recruitment of PP1a. These findings indicate that AR functions as a PP1a regulatory protein targeting PP1a to chromatin, and thereby identify a novel mechanism for the selective recruitment of PP1a to a specific subset of genes where it can drive transcriptional elongation, and may also regulate mRNA splicing. Citation Format: Xiaming Liu, Yanfei Gao, Changmeng Cai, Steven Balk, Shaoyong Chen. Androgen receptor functions as an adaptor protein for recruitment of protein phosphatase 1a to chromatin and CDK9 mobilization. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Sep 24-27, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A13.
[Correlation of cell apoptosis induction with expression of human beta5 integrin on hematopoietic cells]. (2001)

Overexpression of the alpha(v)beta5 integrin cDNA in hematopoietic cells was associated with the inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis.
SMaRT: the Smart Meeting Room Task at ISL (2004)

As computational and communications systems become increasingly smaller, faster, more powerful, and more integrated, the goal of interactive, integrated meeting support rooms is slowly becoming reality. It is already possible, for instance, to rapidly locate task-related information during a meeting, filter it, and share it with remote users. Unfortunately, the technologies that provide such capabilities are as obstructive as they are useful - they force humans to focus on the tool rather than the task. Thus the veneer of utility often hides the true costs of use, which are longer, less focused human interactions. To address this issue, we present our current research efforts towards SMaRT: the Smart Meeting Room Task. The goal of SMaRT is to provide meeting support services that do not require explicit human-computer interaction. Instead, by monitoring the activities in the meeting room using both video and audio analysis, the room is able to react appropriately to users' needs and allow the users to focus on their own goals.
Performance evaluation of an axial flux consequent pole PM motor using finite element analysis (2003)

Performance evaluation of an axial flux surface mounted permanent magnet (PM) field controlled TORUS type (FCT) disc machine is presented in this paper. This new machine is an axial flux configuration with true field weakening capability since the flux is controlled by the DC field winding rather than opposing the magnets. Structure and operating principles are summarized in the first section. Next, 3D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) including no-load and on-load characteristics and back EMF variation for various armature currents and DC field current are explored. Furthermore, torque characteristics of the FCT machine for different field currents are explored. Minimization of cogging torque calculations and the effect of skewing the magnets are also examined.
A simultaneous monitoring of Lens culinaris agglutinin A-reactive alpha-fetoprotein and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin as an early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in the follow-up of cirrhotic patients. (2000)

To elucidate the risk factors for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during the follow-up of patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), outpatients with LC were examined periodically by means of serum biochemical assessments, ultrasonography, and computed tomography. Risk factors for HCC were statistically analyzed. We also examined an efficacy of Lens culinaris agglutinin A-reactive profiles of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3%) and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) value using a highly sensitive DCP determination kit (ED036) for the early recognition of HCC. The AFP-L3% and the ED036 value were retrospectively determined with stored serum samples. HCC was diagnosed in 21 of the 78 patients with LC during the follow-up period (mean follow-up period: 42 months). The estimated cumulative incidence of HCC was 25% with 3 years and 48% with 5 years. The most significant risk factor for the development of HCC in LC patients was found to be the mean serum AFP concentration from the year before the HCC detection (p=0.02). At the time of the recognition of HCC, the positive rates of the tumor markers were: serum AFP concentration 14%, serum DCP value 5%, AFP-L3% was 33%, and that of ED036 43%. The positive rate in collaborative use of AFP-L3% and ED036 was 67%. The simultaneous determination of the AFP-L3% and the ED036 value was shown to be effective for the early detection of HCC.
Understanding the Mechanism of Two-Step Discharge Behavior in Lithium Air Batteries with Extremely High Capacity (2016)

A rechargeable lithium air battery holds promise as a high theoretical energy density battery system for electric vehicles. However, it requires various air management components other than the batterycells, and this can cause a significant loss in volumetric energy density. 1) Many researchers often report specific capacity in the range of 1,000 ~ 3,000 mAh/g carbon without any consideration of areal and/or volumetric capacity. Based on our estimation of system level energy density including balance of plant, the areal capacity should be around 20 mAh/cm 2 for 500-mile ranged vehicle applications. On the path to higher areal capacity, we found abnormally high capacity with two distinct discharge plateaus called two-step discharge behavior as shown in Fig. 1. The first and second discharge appeared at approximately 2.6 and 2.4 V, respectively. This unknown property was frequently accompanied by limited charging capacity, which was under 50% of its full discharge capacity. Several efforts such as controlling the amount of electrolyte and oxygen flow/pressure were performed in an attempt to explain this abnormal behavior at this high discharge capacity. In this presentation, we demonstrate reversible lithium air battery system with extremely high capacity over 20 mAh/cm 2 . The product analysis after each step of reaction confirmed that the main product is crystalline Li 2 O 2 , and partially amorphous carbonates were formed as byproduct. From the result of in-situ DEMS analysis, the two-step discharge behavior had 70% oxygen efficiency (O 2 _ OER /O 2 _ ORR ), and clearly exhibited two electron transfer reaction during charging/discharging cycle. Further results and detailed analysis will be discussed in this presentation. 1) K. G. Gallagher et. al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2014, 7 Figure 1
Crustacean larval factor shares structural characteristics with the insect-specific follicle cell protein (2019)

Literature on the cuticle formation in larval stages of the diverse group of decapod crustaceans is lacking, as opposed to a wealth of knowledge in several insect groups. Here we provide the first glimpse of the cuticular organisation in larvae of the eastern spiny lobster Sagmariasus verreauxi. A bioinformatic approach applied to S. verreauxi transcriptome through metamorphosis identified for the first time a small secreted protein with multiple isoforms that is highly expressed in crustacean larvae. This protein, named crustacean larval factor (Clf) shares structural characteristics with insect follicle cell protein 3 (FCP3), an insect-specific, rapidly evolving protein, with spatial-temporal regulated expression that is restricted to follicular cells during the production of the vitellin coat. Furthermore, we identified the FCP3 domain in additional structural proteins in multiple arthropod groups. Recombinant Clf inhibited in vitro calcium carbonate crystalline precipitation, in keeping with the finding that the spiny lobster larval cuticle is mainly composed of amorphous calcium carbonate. In addition, the recombinant Clf was shown to bind chitosan. Taken together, this research identifies two novel structural domains with lineage-specific expansion across arthropods. In crustaceans, Clf is found predominantly in larvae and the spatial-temporal regulated FCP3 factor occurs as a domain identified in multiple structural proteins across arthropods. Given the shared ten cysteines backbone between the Clf and FCP domains, a shared evolution is suggested and should be further explored.
Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid, a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor: Effects on Gene Expression and Growth of Glioma Cells In vitro and In vivo (2007)

Taken together, SAHA can slow the growth of GBM in vitro and intracranially in vivo. SAHA may be a welcome addition for the treatment of this devastating disease.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Focused-Image Ultrasonography: A 2-Year Experience (2012)

Focused-imaged ultrasound therapy to facial tissues is safe and effective when performed as described.
Selective permeation of cross‐linked polyelectrolyte and polyelectrolyte‐filled nonwoven membranes (2011)

Abstract Selective permeation, driven by ionic attraction, is one of the most important properties of polyelectrolyte membranes. In this study, selective permeation behaviors of different polyelectrolytes, poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS), poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS), and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA), were studied via solution‐diffusion mechanism. Among these three polyelectrolytes, PSS membranes showed the highest permeabilities for both water and dimethyl methylphophonate vapors due to their high diffusion coefficients caused by the high flexibility of PSS chains. It was also found that the cross‐linking of polymer chains increased membrane permeabilities by weakening the physical network formed by ionic attraction. However, the type and cross‐linking of polyelectrolytes did not have significant effect on the membrane selectivities. Nonwoven fabric was employed to control the selective permeation of polyelectrolyte membranes. It was found that filling the nonwoven fabric with polyelectrolytes led to composite membranes with reduced permeabilities and increased selectivities. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
All-optical WDM packet networks (1996)

This paper describes the components and subsystems for the implementation of a multi-GHz optoelectronic data transport network using self-routing packets in a multi-hop network. The short packet payloads are compressed using optical wavelength division multiplexing techniques, and remain optical from source to destination while traversing the switching nodes. The routing is done with a lean, self-routing hot potato protocol in order to avoid the need for data storage at the switching nodes and to provide a fixed node latency equivalent to a few meters of fiber. Sustainable throughput both into and out of the electronic host at each node should exceed 10 Gb/s. Some technical details of the switching nodes and interfaces of the recirculating shuffle network, and the stepped wavelength laser arrays and testbed will be given.
Stimulated Murine Macrophages as a Bioassay forH. pylori-related Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production (2003)

This bioassay is a reliable and simple method for analysing iNOS inhibition, resolving effects on enzyme activity or enzyme expression. H. pylori water extract and whole cells exert an L-arginine-dependent NOS inhibition, not influencing iNOS expression.
Cyclic response of reinforced concrete connections using cast-in-place sifcon matrix (1989)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3147/5/ang4136.0001.001.pdf
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 2‐Bromomethylazoles and TosMIC: A Domino Process to Azolopyrimidines. Synthesis of Core Tricycle of the Variolins Alkaloids. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Systematic study of magnetic linear dichroism and birefringence in (Ga,Mn)As (2014)

Magnetic linear dichroism and birefringence in (Ga,Mn)As epitaxial layers is investigated by measuring the polarization plane rotation of reflected linearly polarized light when magnetization lies in the plane of the sample. We report on the spectral dependence of the rotation and ellipticity angles in a broad energy range of $0.12--2.7\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ for a series of optimized samples covering a wide range on Mn dopings and Curie temperatures and find a clear blueshift of the dominant peak at energy exceeding the host material band gap. These results are discussed within the framework of the $k\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}p$ and mean-field kinetic-exchange model of the (Ga,Mn)As band structure. We infer that disorder-induced nondirect transitions significantly influence magneto-optical properties of (Ga,Mn)As.
A three-dimensionally reinforced material. (1967)

Textile fabrication methods to produce multidirectional materials, describing commercial use of 3-D materials