gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Redox modulation as a mechanistic feature of biological effects of cysteine and glutathione mixed disulfide conjugates of Allium thiosulfinates (2010)

The objective of this work was to determine if phase II enzyme induction and inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) evolution by cysteine and glutathione mixed disulfide conjugates of Allium thiosulfinates (CySSR/GSSR) were linked to redox homeostasis in cultured cells. The CySSR/GSSR species induced quinone reductase (QR) through the Nrf2 pathway in Hepa 1c1c7 cells, and inhibited iNOS expression and NO evolution in LPS‐activated macrophages. CySSR/GSSR also modulated intracellular redox status by boosting intracellular GSH levels. The effects of the CySSR and GSSR species were progressively attenuated by the addition of exogenous thiol agents that influenced redox status in a dose‐dependent manner in both intracellular and extracellular spaces. Thus, the biological activities of CySSR/GSSR appear to be dependent on both extracellular and intracellular redox status. The effects of CySSR, but not GSSR, treatments resulted in an increase in extracellular thiol levels. Evidence was obtained for a mechanism involving cellular uptake of CySSR by L transporter, disulfide bond reduction by thioredoxin reductase (TRxR) and the export of cysteine and RSH into the medium by multiple drug resistance protein. This study adds to the evidence that Allium organosulfur compounds and metabolic derivatives exert a range of biological effects through a redox‐modulatory mechansism. Supported by USDA‐NRI‐CGP.
Heparin-Like Anticoagulants from Mollusca (1953)

Heparin-like polysaccharides with high anticoagulant activity have been isolated from 2 species of clams, Mactra spissula and Artica islandica. These purified polysaccharides, termed mactin-A and mac-tin-B, are related to but not identical with mammalian heparin. They possess a greater in vivo activity and a favorable therapeutic index when compared with heparin preparations of equal in vitro activity.
Temporal expression pattern of peripheral myelin protein 22 during in vivo and in vitro myelination (1999)

Peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) was initially described as a minor component of peripheral myelin. Mutations affecting the PMP22 gene cause demyelinating neuropathies, supporting a role for the protein in PNS myelination. Furthermore, PMP22 carries the L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope suggesting an adhesion/recognition function. Despite advances in characterizing the PMP22 gene, the specific role(s) of the protein in myelin remains unknown. In this study we determined the temporal expression pattern of PMP22 in comparison to galactocerebroside (GalC) and myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG), early constituents of PNS myelin, and to protein zero (P0) and myelin basic protein (MBP), late components of myelin. In sciatic nerve lysates, PMP22 was detected at postnatal day 3, after MAG, but before MBP expression. The same results were obtained in cocultures of dorsal root ganglion neurons and Schwann cells (SCs). Low levels of PMP22 were found in early, anti-MAG and anti-GalC immunoreactive, myelinating cocultures. However, PMP22 could only be detected in the SC plasma membrane after basal lamina formation. In long-term myelinating cocultures PMP22 levels continued to increase and the protein was found in anti-P0 and anti-MBP immunoreactive myelin segments. Furthermore, PMP22, MBP, and P0 protein levels were greatly enhanced by progesterone treatment of the cocultures. The highest levels of PMP22 expression were associated with late stages of myelination; however the presence of the protein in nonmyelinating SCs and in SCs commencing myelination supports multiple roles for PMP22 in peripheral nerve biology.
5′Prime;-Ester Prodrugs of the Varicella-Zoster Antiviral Agent, 6-Methoxypurine Arabinoside (1992)

The potent and selective activity of 6-methoxypurine arabinoside (9-[β-D-arabinofuranosyl]-6-methoxy-9H-purine; 1) and its pharmacokinetic limitations have been described previously. In an attempt to circumvent first-pass catabolism following oral administration, a series of 5′-esters (2a-t) was prepared by dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide-promoted condensation with formic acid in the case of 2a, or by direct acylation of the parent nucleoside with the corresponding acyl chloride. These compounds were evaluated in rats for efficacy as oral prodrugs of 1 by measuring the amount of 1 excreted in the urine. Both aliphatic and aromatic esters exhibited a range of systemic availabilities. The substituted benzoate esters showed a correlation between the amount of 1 excreted and the electron-donating properties of the substituent. A similar relationship was observed for the relative stabilities of this series of esters to non-enzymatic hydrolysis at neutral pH. No clear relationship between systemic availability and solubility, partition coefficient, or stability was observed for the remaining esters of 1. Although significant enhancements in systemic availability were observed with some of the 5′-esters of this series, their limited water solubility precluded their use in intravenous formulations.
Topical nanoemulsion of turmeric oil for psoriasis: characterization, ex vivo and in vivo assessment. (2012)

Psoriasis is a chronic; T lymphocyte mediated autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by well-defined erythematous (reddish) plaques with large adherent silvery scales that affects the skin and other parts of the body. The essential oil in turmeric is anti-inflammatory and effective in treating chronic disorders like psoriasis that have inflammation as a root symptom. Nanoemulsions are isotropic, thermodynamically stable transparent (or translucent) systems of oil, water, surfactant and co-surfactant with a droplet size usually in the range of 20–200 nm. Their long-term stability and ease of preparation (spontaneous emulsification) make it promising tool for drug delivery. The aim of this study was to obtain nanoemulsions of turmeric oil for psoriasis and to evaluate their physical stability, irritation potential and in vivo inflammatory activity. For the preparation of nanoemulsion titration method was used which was composed of 15% turmeric oil, 42 % Smix (1:1) and 43 % distilled water. The nanoemulsion was stable during the period of study and was found to be practically non-irritating in the organotypic HET-CAM model. The anti inflammatory activity of optimized nonoemulsion was carried out by carragennen induced paw edema and found to be 70.35 % inhibition.
Mining viral proteins for antimicrobial and cell-penetrating drug delivery peptides (2015)

Using the AMPA and CellPPD online tools, we have evaluated the propensity of viral proteins to comprise AMP or cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Capsid proteins from both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, and membrane and envelope proteins from enveloped viruses, in a total of 272 proteins from 133 viruses, were screened to detect the presence of potential AMP and CPP sequences. A pool of 2444 and 426 CPP and AMP sequences, respectively, were discovered. The capsids of flaviviruses are the best sources of these peptides reaching more than 80% of CPP sequence coverage per protein. Selected sequences were tested experimentally and validated the results. Overall, this study reveals that viruses form a natural multivalent biotechnological platform still underexplored in drug discovery and the heterogeneous abundance of CPP/AMP sequences among viral families opens new avenues in viral biology research.
Review of 2D group VA material-based heterostructures (2020)

Abstract The isolation of black phosphorus (BP) and extraordinary performance of the BP field-effect transistor have led to BP offering remarkable properties in the two-dimensional (2D) family. Along with BP, other group VA element materials have been demonstrated to possess superior electronic and optical properties. However, numerous challenges remain to be overcome in their practical applications. Heterostructures play a vital role in modern semiconductors, and 2D group VA materials provide the opportunity to fabricate novel heterostructures that are combined by van der Waals forces. Previous theoretical and experimental studies have indicated that constructing a heterostructure is a promising strategy to conquer the obstacles and boost the development of 2D group VA materials. In this paper, we summarize the recent progress in 2D group VA material-based heterostructures. Firstly, the crystal structures and fundamental electrical properties of 2D group VA materials are introduced. Thereafter, various heterostructures based on group VA materials are discussed. Finally, conclusions and the outlook on emerging group VA heterostructures are presented.
Implementation of PWM regular sampling strategy for AC drives (2003)

The regular sampling technique offers a feasible basis for the microprocessor control of inverters in pulse-width-modulated (PWM) AC drives. An implementation of this technique is presented for the speed control of an induction motor in the frequency range 5-105 Hz. Hardware and software design principles are outlined and discussed for an 8-bit microprocessor. Spectral analyses of the sampling technique with sinusoidal modulating function and with third harmonic distortion added to this function are derived, with emphasis on the fundamental and dominant harmonic components. Experimental and computed results are presented for the motor control in steady state, and for transient current and speed in closed-loop operation, with excellent correlation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dissolution Behavior of Soy Proteins and Effect of Initial Concentration (2007)

The solution concentration profiles of soy protein and its components, glycinin and beta-conglycinin, as a function of pH and initial concentration have been measured. The concentration profiles generally followed a U-shaped trend with pH, with a minimum at around pH 4-5. Dissolution concentration unexpectedly increased with the initial concentration of the solution, with the increase being approximately proportional to the increase in initial concentration. The reasons for this are not clear. For the initial concentrations studied, beta-conglycinin is undersaturated between pH 5 and 7 and remains in solution, while glycinin becomes supersaturated in the same pH range and precipitates. Therefore separation of the two proteins can be achieved.
The Change and Innovation of Initial Teacher Training in the UK——A Probe into the Process,Model,Merit and Disadvantage of the "Teach First Programme" (2009)

Teach First Programme is a new initial teacher training route,which was established in the early 21st century.It is an innovative change of teacher training in the UK,combining teacher training with leadership training in one model.This programme is modeled on Teach For America,recruiting excellent graduates from top universities,asking them to teach in challenging schools for two years and to receive training.After training,the participants are able to choose favorite occupations according to their own ideas.This program has achieved some effect,but it still has some problems.
Nonradiative Excitation Fluorescence: Probing Volumes Down to the Attoliter Range (2010)

We develop a new active substrate, allowing us to excite nonradiatively labeled fluorescent biosamples. We demonstrate the potential of our method through two biological relevant applications, that is, direct imaging of the cell adhesion points and single-molecule spectroscopy at high (micromolar) concentration.
Examination of the diagnostic accuracy of sepsis using procalcitonin, presepsin and CD64 for patients with or without acute kidney injury (2015)

At the moment, we have few reports about the diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT), presepsin (P-SEP) and CD64 as a diagnostic marker of sepsis for patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aimed to clarify which is a more useful diagnostic biomarker for sepsis using PCT, P-SEP and CD64 with or without AKI in ICU patients.
Limit cycles with chattering in relay feedback systems (2002)

Relay feedback has a large variety of applications in control engineering. Several interesting phenomena occur in simple relay systems. In the paper, scalar linear systems with relay feedback are analyzed. It is shown that a limit cycle where part of the limit cycle consists of fast relay switchings can occur. This chattering is analyzed in detail and conditions for approximating it by a sliding mode are derived. A result on existence of limit cycles with chattering is given, and it is shown that the limit cycles can have arbitrarily many relay switchings each period. Limit cycles with regular sliding modes are also discussed. Examples illustrate the results.
Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Polymorphism and Risk of TMPRSS2:ERG–Positive Prostate Cancer (2014)

Our results provide supportive evidence that androgen signaling underlies the development of prostate tumors that harbor TMPRSS2:ERG. Moreover, these results suggest that TMPRSS2:ERG may represent a unique molecular subtype of prostate cancer with an etiology distinct from TMPRSS2:ERG-negative disease.
Taxonomic Classification for Living Organisms Using Convolutional Neural Networks (2017)

Taxonomic classification has a wide-range of applications such as finding out more about evolutionary history. Compared to the estimated number of organisms that nature harbors, humanity does not have a thorough comprehension of to which specific classes they belong. The classification of living organisms can be done in many machine learning techniques. However, in this study, this is performed using convolutional neural networks. Moreover, a DNA encoding technique is incorporated in the algorithm to increase performance and avoid misclassifications. The algorithm proposed outperformed the state of the art algorithms in terms of accuracy and sensitivity, which illustrates a high potential for using it in many other applications in genome analysis.
New Bromine-Releasing Granules for Microbiological Control of Cooling Water (2003)

Abstract The first solid all-bromine oxidizing biocide (DBDMH, 1,3-dibromodimethylhydantoin) has recently been commercialized for microbiological control of cooling waters. The product is available in a novel granular form that enables flexible dosing under a variety of conditions and with feeders of different designs. Initial lab studies indicated that compared to traditional products, this new biocide was more effective against a wide range of planktonic and biofilm-associated microorganisms. In addition, independent field studies indicated that the material was easy to dose and had desirable handling properties. These performance and handling properties have proved to be an advantage in a variety of industrial cooling water applications. This paper describes how this innovative technology evolved from a laboratory curiosity to a commercialized product currently treating millions of gallons of water per day. Case histories will be presented which illustrate the unique properties and versatility of this product.
Dynamic holography in quantum well cavities (2013)

High efficiency dynamic holography at 1.55 microns is achieved on a broad-area InP based multiple quantum well devices. The quantum well cavity is sandwiched between a DBR and amorphous mirror, and consists of a number of wells. High energy pulsed writing beams at 1.06 microns generate free carrier gratings which are probed by a 1.55 micron tunable laser in a four wave mixing configuration. Diffraction efficiency into a single order of 30% has been achieved by contribution of a phase grating, mode pulling and asymmetric Fabry-Perot reflection.
Experimental Study of Miscible Fluid Injection in Fractured Porous Media (2003)

Laboratory displacement tests were performed to study solvent cut by miscible fluid injection in fractured porous media.The porous media used were cylindrical Asmari sandstone cores containing a well-afined artificially formed, vertical fracture.Normal heptane and kerosene were two miscible fluids used.The purpose of this study was to compare the results from one-dimensional theory of miscible displacement in fractured porous media to experimental data.We observe that there is a good agreement between experiments and model predictions.
Sorbitol metabolism in isolated islets (1974)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
CD276 is an important player in macrophage recruitment into the tumor and an upstream regulator for PAI-1 (2021)

More than 70% of colorectal, prostate, ovarian, pancreatic and breast cancer specimens show expression of CD276 (B7-H3), a potential immune checkpoint family member. Several studies have shown that high CD276 expression in cancer cells correlates with a poor clinical prognosis. This has been associated with the presence of lower tumor infiltrating leukocytes. Among those, tumor-associated macrophages can comprise up to 50% of the tumor mass and are thought to support tumor growth through various mechanisms. However, a lack of information on CD276 function and interaction partner(s) impedes rigorous evaluation of CD276 as a therapeutic target in oncology. Therefore, we aimed to understand the relevance of CD276 in tumor-macrophage interaction by employing a 3D spheroid coculture system with human cells. Our data show a role for tumor-expressed CD276 on the macrophage recruitment into the tumor spheroid, and also in regulation of the extracellular matrix modulator PAI-1. Furthermore, our experiments focusing on macrophage-expressed CD276 suggest that the antibody-dependent CD276 engagement triggers predominantly inhibitory signaling networks in human macrophages.
Synthesis of Conduramines fromN-tert-Butoxycarbonylpyrrole (1998)

Two related synthetic strategies were devised to convert the Diels−Alder adduct 3c of Boc-pyrrole and p-toluenesulfonylacetylene into various racemic and optically pure conduramines. One process consists of the regio- and stereoselective hydroxylation of 3c to the tri- and dihydroxylated azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane derivatives 10b (Scheme 2) and the exo−endo mixture 13−14 (Scheme 3). Anionic fragmentation of 10b (methylmagnesium bromide) and of the 13−14 sulfone mixture (lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide) generated the corresponding tri- and dihydroxylated aminocyclohexenes 17 and 16 (Scheme 3). Compound 17 is an aminocyclitol with a stereochemistry and partial aminotriol sequence identical to that found in neoinosamine. Compound 16 served as a source of the protected and free aminodiols 35b and 35a (Scheme 6), which were stereospecifically epoxidized to 36 (Scheme 6) and 40 (Scheme 7). Phenylselenide cleavage of these epoxides provided 37 (Scheme 6) and 41a (Scheme 7), which after selenoxide cycloelimination and protecting group manipulation were converted into (±)-conduramine C-1 (39a, Scheme 6) and the previously unreported, all-cis-conduramine D-1 (43a, Scheme 7). In a second process, anionic fragmentaion of the bicyclic system is effected prior to introduction of the hydroxyl groups, as exemplified by the high-yielding conversion of the exo−endo mixture of azabicycloheptenes 11 and 12 into the aminocyclohexadiene 15 (Scheme 3). Osmate catalyzed cis-dihydroxylation of the derived bis-Boc derivative 20 (Scheme 4) led stereospecifically to the α-cis-diol 21 which was transformed into (±)-conduramine A-1 (27a) and its tetraacetyl derivative 27b via the epoxy compound 24. On the other hand, peracid oxidation of the diene 15 gave the β-epoxide 28 (Scheme 5) which was cleaved to the trans-diol 29 with aqueous sulfuric acid. This diol was converted into (±)-conduramine F-1 (34a) and its tetraacetyl derivative (34b) by a reaction sequence similar to that used for the other conduramine syntheses. Fractional crystallization of the diastereomeric mixture of Michael adducts obtained from (±)-3c and (−)-methyl lactate gave (−)-44a and (−)-45a both in ≥47% yield (Scheme 8). Both the carboxylic acid (+)-44b and the primary alcohol (+)-46 derived from (−)-44a were converted into (−)-3c with excess methylmagnesium bromide (ca. 40% overall yield). In the same way (−)-45a was transformed into optically pure (+)-3c. (−)-3c and (+)-3c were then converted into (−)-conduramine C-1 [(−)-39a] and (+)-conduramine D-1 [(+)-43a] by procedures identical to those used for the racemic compounds.
[A comparison of efficacy and safety of linezolid versus vancomycin for the treatment of infections in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]. (2016)

Linezolid is as effective as vancomycin in the treatment of gram positive bacterial infections after allo-HSCT. Safety of Linezolid is also comparable with that of vancomycin, which needs to be further studied due to the complex interaction of medication in this special population.
Shuttle on-orbit contamination and environmental effects (1985)

Ensuring the compatibility of the space shuttle system with payloads and payload measurements is discussed. An extensive set of quantitative requirements and goals was developed and implemented by the space shuttle program management. The performance of the Shuttle system as measured by these requirements and goals was assessed partly through the use of the induced environment contamination monitor on Shuttle flights 2, 3, and 4. Contamination levels are low and generally within the requirements and goals established. Additional data from near-term payloads and already planned contamination measurements will complete the environment definition and allow for the development of contamination avoidance procedures as necessary for any payload.
Replicating Adenovirus-Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Vectors Efficiently Prime SIV-Specific Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses by Targeting Myeloid Dendritic Cells and Persisting in Rectal Macrophages, Regardless of Immunization Route (2012)

Although priming with replicating adenovirus type 5 host range mutant (Ad5hr)-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) recombinants, followed by HIV/SIV envelope boosting, has proven highly immunogenic, resulting in protection from SIV/simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenges, Ad5hr recombinant distribution, replication, and persistence have not been examined comprehensively in nonhuman primates. We utilized Ad5hr-green fluorescent protein and Ad5hr-SIV recombinants to track biodistribution and immunogenicity following mucosal priming of rhesus macaques by the intranasal/intratracheal, sublingual, vaginal, or rectal route. Ad recombinants administered by all routes initially targeted macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and rectal tissue, later extending to myeloid dendritic cells in BAL fluid with persistent expression in rectal mucosa 25 weeks after the last Ad immunization. Comparable SIV-specific immunity, including cellular responses, serum binding antibody, and mucosal secretory IgA, was elicited among all groups. The ability of the vector to replicate in multiple mucosal sites irrespective of delivery route, together with the targeting of macrophages and professional antigen-presenting cells, which provide potent immunogenicity at localized sites of virus entry, warrants continued use of replicating Ad vectors.
Analysis of interpeak latencies of brainstem auditory evoked potential waveforms during microvascular decompression of cranial nerve VII for hemifacial spasm (2013)

Changes in IPL measurements did not increase the odds of postoperative hearing loss. This information might be helpful in evaluating the value of IPLs as alarm criteria during MVD to prevent hearing loss.
Circuit techniques to overcome Class-D audio amplifier limitations in mobile devices (2012)

Circuit techniques to overcome practical noise, reliability, and EMI limitations are reported. An auxiliary loop with ramping circuits suppresses pop-and-click noise to 1 mV for an amplifier with 4V achievable output voltage. Switching edge rate control enables the system to meet the EN55022 Class-B standard with a 15 dB margin. An enhanced scheme detects short-circuit conditions without relying on over-limit current events.