gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phytotoxicity of Ryegrass and Clover Cover Crops, and a Lucerne Alley Crop for No-till Vegetable Production (1996)

ABSTRACT Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions to test whether the residues of cover crops or alley crops were phytotoxic to vegetable seedlings in a no-tillage cropping system. Soil and residue samples were collected from a field experiment where subterranean clover Trifolium subterrcmeum L. var. brachycalycinum and annual ryegrass Lolium rigidum Gand. were grown as cover crops, and lucerne Medicago sativa L. was grown as an alley crop. Chemically inert black and white polyethylene beads were used as control treatments and provided a measure of the physical mulch effect in the absence of phytotoxic leachates from plant residues. The seedling growth of lettuce Lactuca sativa, broccoli Brassica oleracea var. italica and tomato Lycopersicon esculentum, was reduced by ryegrass and clover cover-crops. By eliminating factors such as nutrients, soil structure and soil pathogens, we inferred that phytotoxic leachates from the cover crops were responsible for the reduced plant growth. The phytotoxic period of clover ended after 8 weeks in the field and 6 weeks in the laboratory, when conditions for the decomposition of phytotoxic compounds were favourable. The phytotoxic effect of ryegrass lasted longer, and was more severe than clover. Lucerne tops, which are used as a mulch in a vegetable alley-cropping system, caused no growth reduction. Whereas the mulches did improve plant growth by the modification of soil water and temperature regimes, some or all of these benefits were eroded by phytotoxic leachates from the cover crop residues. In contrast to cover cropping, there were no problems relating to phytotoxicity with using undecomposed lucerne shoots as a mulch in an alley-cropping system.
The anti‐inflammatory effects of the n‐3PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid, reveal a new and essential regulatory step in neutrophil migration across endothelial cells that requires prostaglandin‐D2 (2008)

The dietary n‐3 PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is thought to be anti‐inflammatory. However, data on its ability to regulate leukocyte recruitment by vascular endothelial cells (EC) is scant. Here, primary human EC were treated with EPA for 24h prior to stimulation with TNF‐α and assessment of neutrophil recruitment in a flow‐based assay. At levels achievable by dietary supplementation, EPA dose‐dependently decreased migration of neutrophils through the EC without inhibiting their stable adhesion to the surface, a process requiring initial CXC chemokine derived signals that were unaffected by EPA. Inhibition could be replicated using inhibitors of cycloxygenase (COX‐)1 and 2, while in the presence of EPA, neutrophil migration could be reconstituted by addition of arachidonic acid (AA) during the period of cytokine stimulation. These results strongly imply a role for COX generated eicosanoids in neutrophil trans‐migration. Treating neutrophils with the prostaglandin‐D2 [PGD2] receptor antagonist, BW868C, also dose‐dependently inhibited neutrophil migration across TNF stimulated EC. Conversely, perfusion of PGD2 (derived from AA) but not PGD3 (derived from EPA) across neutrophils bound to EPA‐treated EC induced them to migrate normally. Thus we describe a new PGD2‐dependent step in neutrophil migration acting down stream of chemokine activation which is inhibited by EPA. Funded by the BBSRC and BHF.
Collection efficiency of a-Si:H Schottky barriers: A computer study of the sensitivity to material and device parameters (1991)

A comprehensive numerical calculation of the spectral response, or equivalently, collection efficiency behavior of a-Si:H Schottky barrier detector and solar cell structures is presented. This allows, for the first time, for a thorough assessment of the impact of materials property variations as well as of device parameter variations on spectral response. In the case of material parameters, the analysis shows that the spectral response measurement for a-Si:H type materials is not sensitive to the tail-state density or tail-state capture cross sections for the band whose carriers are repelled at the barrier. However, it is sensitive to these quantities for the band tail of the carriers collected at the barrier and it is sensitive, in general, to the midgap states. It is sensitive to the carrier mobilities but again the sensitivity depends on the role of the carrier in barrier formation. This sensitivity does not follow a simple mobility-lifetime product model. Spectral response is also sensitive to the device length and front surface barrier parameters. All of this spectral response behavior is shown to be due to the interplay of three loss mechanisms with certain general features.
Isopropanol biosynthesis from crude glycerol using fatty acid precursors via engineered oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (2022)

The engineered Y. lipolytica successfully produced isopropanol by using crude glycerol as a cheap carbon source. This is the first study demonstrating the use of Y. lipolytica as a cell factory to produce isopropanol. In addition, this is also a new attempt to accumulate lipid synthesis precursors to synthesize other useful chemicals by integrating exogenous genes in Y. lipolytica.
Synthese von Bis‐μ‐[dimethylarsonium‐bis(methylido)]digold(I) und Kristallstruktur von Bis‐μ‐[diethylphosphonium‐bis(methylido)]digold(I) (1977)

Abstract Aus Trimethylarsingold(I)‐chlorid und Trimethylarsonium‐methylid ist in einer Umylidierungsreaktion, unter Freisetzung des Arsins und Bildung von Tetramethylarsoniumchlorid, die erste der beiden Titelverbindungen erhältlich. Aus analytischen und spektroskopischen Daten wird eine symmetrische metallocyclische Struktur 1 vorgeschlagen. — Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse des analogen Phosphorylid‐Komplexes 2 bestätigt diese Vorstellung. Die Moleküle sind zentrosymmetrisch und besitzen zwei lineare, zueinander parallel laufende CAuC‐Struktureinheiten, die über zwei nahezu tetraedrisch konfigurierte Phosphorzentren verknüpft sind. Der transannulare AuAu‐Abstand beträgt 302.5 pm und legt eine schwache Bindungsbeziehung zwischen den Metallen nahe.
Development of nanostars as a biocompatible tumor contrast agent: toward in vivo SERS imaging (2016)

The need for sensitive imaging techniques to detect tumor cells is an important issue in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), realized by chemisorption of compounds suitable for Raman spectroscopy onto gold nanoparticles, is a new method for detecting a tumor. As a proof of concept, we studied the use of biocompatible gold nanostars as sensitive SERS contrast agents targeting an ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV3). Due to a high intracellular uptake of gold nanostars after 6 hours of exposure, they could be detected and located with SERS. Using these nanostars for passive targeting after systemic injection in a xenograft mouse model, a detectable signal was measured in the tumor and liver in vivo. These signals were confirmed by ex vivo SERS measurements and darkfield microscopy. In this study, we established SERS nanostars as a highly sensitive contrast agent for tumor detection, which opens the potential for their use as a theranostic agent against cancer.
Placement of Half-Pins for Supra-acetabular External Fixation: An Anatomic Study (2003)

An alternative location for placement of half-pins during pelvic external fixation is the dense supra-acetabular bone in the region of the anterior-inferior iliac spine. Although these fixators have gained popularity, to the authors' knowledge there are no studies evaluating the potential anatomic risks of placement of half-pins in this area; no safe corridors have been defined. Additionally, pins are placed near the hip capsule and no studies exist defining the superior extent of the hip capsule which potentially may be violated by placing half-pins in this location. The purposes of the current study were to evaluate the neurovascular risks and accuracy of fluoroscopically guided percutaneous placement of supra-acetabular half-pins, and to evaluate the anatomic superior extent of the hip capsule. Ten fresh frozen cadaveric pelves were used. A 5-mm half-pin was placed in the supra-acetabular bone under fluoroscopic guidance. Iliofemoral dissection was done and the proximity of the half-pin to local neurovascular risks was measured with a caliper. The hip capsule was exposed and the superior extent of the hip capsule was measured. Intraosseous pin placement was evaluated by direct observation. Nine pins were completely in bone, one had partially exited posteriorly and laterally. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve was at risk with a mean distance of 10 mm (range, 2-25 mm) from the half-pins. The femoral nerve and femoral artery were not at risk. The average superior extent of the hip capsule was 16 mm above the joint (range, 11-20 mm). Half-pins can be placed accurately and safely in the supra-acetabular region using percutaneous techniques, appropriate soft tissue sleeves, and fluoroscopic guidance. Insertion of pins at least 2 cm above the hip is recommended to avoid potential hip capsule penetration.
Stimulant-Related State-Dependent Learning in Hyperactive Children (1976)

Hyperactive and nonhyperactive children performed a learning task in two states, while being treated with stimulant medication (methylphenidate) and while taking a placebo, and were tested for retention of each class of learned material in both states. Symmetrical state-dependent learning was demonstrated in the hyperactive group but not in the nonhyperactive group. The state-dependent effect was contingent on the presence of drug-induced facilitation during initial learning. This is apparently the first report on record of state-dependent learning with a drug agent that facilitates rather than impairs performance of human subjects.
Low Complexity Soft Decoding For Physical Layer Network Coding With Coded Modulation (2020)

This paper proposes low complexity soft decoding for physical layer network coding with coded modulation that can be applied to bi-directional relay systems with quadrature amplitude modulations (QAMs). Although the received signal at the relay is superposition of the two transmission signals from the terminals in the systems, the signal detection and the channel decoding can be carried out by the proposed decoding with low computational complexity, because the proposed soft decoding can generates the soft input signal with the use of the region detection. The proposed decoding achieves a soft decoding gain without the prohibitive exhaustive search. The proposed decoding can keep the complexity even when higher order QAMs are applied. The performance of the proposed soft decoding is evaluated by computer simulation in a two hop MIMO-OFDM bi-directional relay system. The proposed decoding attains a soft decoding gain of about 2.0dB at the BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> in spite of cardinality of QAMs.
Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Signaling in Stem Cell Stemness and Therapeutic Efficacy (2018)

Evidence has emerged that stem cells represent a promising therapeutic tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Thus, identifying functional markers for selecting stem cells capable of superior self-renewal and pluripotency (or multipotency) and maintaining stem cell identity under appropriate culture conditions are critical for guiding the use of stem cells toward clinical applications. Many investigations have implicated the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling in maintenance of stem cell characteristics and enhancement of stem cell therapy efficacy. IGF1R-expressing stem cells display robust pluripotent or multipotent properties. In this review, we summarize the essential roles of IGF1R signaling in self-renewal, pluripotency (or multipotency), and therapeutic efficacy of stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells, neural stem cells, cardiac stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, placental mesenchymal stem cells, and dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells. Modifying IGF1R signaling may thus provide potential strategies for maintaining stem cell properties and improving stem-cell-based therapeutic applications.
Problem Solving in C++ Including Breadth and Laboratories (1995)

From the Publisher:
This introductory computer science text offers breadth sections on computer science theory and contains an integrated lab manual with code that students can manipulate.
A leaky stripline moisture sensor (1992)

A transmission line which excludes the ground plane has been designed using a conformal mapping technique. It is shown that by excluding the ground plane, the main field is the stray or fringing field, and hence the line can be effectively used as a leaky transmission line. A 50- Omega three-strip line was constructed and tested experimentally using a time-domain reflectometer and proved to be adequate as an immersion-type moisture sensor for wheat samples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Die statische Methode der Sekundärionen-Massenspektrometrie (1978)

Die Sekundärionen-Massenspektrometrie ist von Natur aus ein destruktives Verfahren, da die Oberfläche während des zur Analyse erforderlichen lonenbeschusses kontinuierlich abgetragen wird. Daher eignet sich SIMS sehr gut zur Bestimmung von Konzentrationsprofilen, insbesondere auch in dünnen Schichten (13–17). Bei den bisher üblichen Primärionen-Stromdichten erfolgt der Abbau einer Monolage in Zeiten unter 1 sec. (dynamisches SIMS).
ASSOCIATION OF ADIPOSITY, TELOMERE LENGTH AND AGE: NHANES 1999–2002 (2017)

Background: Telomere shortening is associated with age and risk of medical co-morbidity. We assessed the relationship between measures of adiposity with leukocyte telomere length and whether it is influenced by age. Methods:Subjects with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) measures were identified using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2002. Obesity was categorized using body fat (BF%: low/high; men≥25%; females ≥35%), body mass index (BMI) categories, and waist circumference (WC) (low/high, men≥102cm; females≥88cm). Telomere length relative to standard reference DNA (T/S ratio) was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Weighted multivariable regression models evaluated the association of telomere length with adiposity, both continuously and categorically (low/normal BF%, low/high WC,BMI 18.5–24.9kg/m2=referent), adjusted for age (where indicated), race, sex, education, smoking, co-morbidities, and physical activity. The interaction between age strata and adiposity was assessed and subsequent models stratified by age. Results: We identified 7,827 subjects (4,056 female; 2672 age≥60years). Mean age was 46.1 years. Overall telomere length was 1.05 ± 0.01 (SE) that differed by BF% (low/high: 1.12 ± 0.02 vs. 1.03 ± 0.02;p<0.001), BMI (underweight 1.08 ± 0.03; normal 1.09 ± 0.02; overweight 1.04 ± 0.02; obese 1.03 ± 0.02; p<0.001), and WC (low/high 1.09 ± 0.02 vs. 1.02 ± 0.02; p<0.001). Adjusted estimates between telomere length and adiposity measures were: BF% (β=-0.0033 ± 0.0008;p<0.001), BMI (β=-0.025 ± 0.0008;p=0.005), and WC (β=-0.0011 ± 0.0004;p=0.007). All age x adiposity interactions were significant (p<0.001). Model estimated mean difference (Age>60–Age<60) was: BF% (-0.14 ± 0.01;p<0.001), BMI (-0.15 ± 0.001;p<0.001), and WC (-0.0015 ± 0.0004;p<0.001). No significant association was present between telomere length and adiposity over age≥60. Conclusions: A negative association between adiposity and telomere length was observed but age abrogates this relationship.
Synthesis, characterization and optical property of flower-like indium tin sulfide nanostructures (2009)

We report a simple method for novel flower-like In(4)SnS(8) nanostructure synthesis. A flower-like In(4)SnS(8) nanostructure was synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal route using the biomolecule L-cysteine as a sulfur source. The structure was characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption analysis and photoluminescence spectra. This flower-like structure consists of crosslinked nanoflakes and possesses good thermostability and a high BET surface area. Photoluminescence (PL) characterization indicates that it has a blue light emission. This facile, environmental friendly, method can be extended to other ternary sulfides nanostructure syntheses.
Online speech assessment of the psychotic spectrum: Exploring the relationship between overlapping acoustic markers of schizotypy, depression and anxiety (2023)

Acoustic features of online collected speech are predictive of psychometric schizotypy as well as generalized anxiety and depression symptoms. The acoustic characteristics of schizotypy, depression and anxiety symptoms significantly overlap. Speech models that are designed to predict schizotypy or symptoms of the schizophrenia spectrum might therefore benefit from controlling for symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Reading And Writing Acquisition: A Developmental Neuropsychological Perspective (1994)

Part 1 Theoretical foundations: defining the developmental neuropsychological perspective biological constraints on reading and writing acquisition educational constraints on reading and writing acquisition. Part 2 Research on reading and writing acquisition from the developmental neuropsychological perspective: multiple connections and multiple procedures for reading and spelling single words levels of language and intra-individual differences in levels of language in reading comprehension and composition multiple constraints and shared subsystems in writing acquisition implications of the developmental neuropsychological perspective for assessing, preventing and remediating reading and writing disabilities.
Ultrasonic Vitrectomy Instrument (2015)

Abstract Contemporary vitrectomy devices utilize an air driven stylus reciprocating within a sheath at a sonic frequency, guillotining and then aspirating the vitreous gel admitted through a distal port in the side of the sheath. A small handheld ultrasonic instrument (Banko 1971) operating at 50 kHz, utilizing a solid titanium stylus, within a 20 needle gauge sheath, vibrating at an excursion between 150 and 200 microns, has been developed to precisely and rapidly liquefy and aspirate, at 360 mmHg vacuum, vitreous humor from bovine eyes.
Sequential Coating of Insulin Secreting Beta Cells within Multilayers of Polysaccharide Nanogels (2018)

Pancreatic islet transplantation has emerged as a promising treatment for type-1 diabetes (T1D); however, its clinical application is still limited by the life-long use of immunosuppressive drugs, insufficient number of islets to achieve normoglycemia, and large transplantation volume. This paper reports a unique approach for nanothin coating of insulin secreting beta cell aggregates. The coating is based on hydrophobic and covalent interactions between natural acrylate modified cholesterol bearing pullulan (CHPOA) nanogels and MIN6 beta cell aggregates. Beta cell aggregates are prepared as spheroids through hanging drop method, which is optimized with respect to hanging drop volume and initial number of beta cells. These aggregates, defined as pseudoislets, are coated with sequential layers of nanogels and are evaluated as viable and functional for insulin secretion. Coating experiments are carried out using physiologically compatible medium, where pseudoislets are not brought in contact with toxic prepolymer solutions used in existing approaches. This study offers new opportunities through coating of islets with advanced functional materials under completely physiological conditions for clinical translation of cell transplantation technology. The technique developed here will establish a new paradigm for creating tolerable grafts for other chronic diseases such as anemia, cancer, central nervous system (CNS) diseases.
Comparison of the Simplification of the Pressure Profiles Solving the Binary Friction Model for Asymmetric Membranes (2017)

The gas flow through porous media including that of multiple species is frequently described by the binary friction model (BFM) considering the binary diffusion, Knudsen diffusion, and viscous flow. Therefore, a numerical simulation was performed on a microporous support of an asymmetric oxygen transport membrane. As its exact numerical solution is complicated and not always possible, the results of two different levels of simplification of the pressure profiles within the porous support are compared to the exact numerical solution. The simplification using a constant pressure equal to the gas pressure outside the support leads to a deviation by up to 0.45 mL·min<sup>-1</sup>·cm<sup>-2</sup> from the exact solution under certain operating condition. A different simplification using a constant pressure averaged between the outside of the support and the support/membrane interface reduces this deviation to zero. Therefore, this is a useful measure to reduce computational efforts when implementing the Binary Friction Model in computational fluid dynamics simulations.
Effects of Culture Conditions on Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloid Production in Cultured Roots ofStephania cepharantha (1988)

Bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid production was studied in roots of Stephania cepharantha (Menispermaceae). Various cultural conditions influenced alkaloid production. Low concentrations of gibberellin suppressed browning of the cultured roots, and stimulated their growth and the production of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. Reducing the major element concentration of B5 medium by half increased root growth and alkaloid content. Elimination of the ammonium sulfate from B5 medium also increased the root alkaloid content, but it decreased growth as well. The optimal sucrose concentration was 3%. Cytokinin did not promote alkaloid production. As a result of these investigations, a modified B5 medium (SB5 medium) was developed for the production of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids by cultured roots of S. cepharantha. The cultured roots grew well in this medium, with about a 20-fold dry weight increase in 30 days. The aromoline content in cultured roots was more than 1% and berbamine content more than 0.5% of the dry wt. The alkaloid levels of these cultured roots are much higher than those of the plants.
Vitamin E Status and Neurodegenerative Disease (1998)

Vitamin E (alpha-and gamma-tocopherol) may slow the progression of a number of major degenerative diseases of the nervous system that appear to be significantly worsened by oxidative stress. The effects of vitamin E on excitoxicity in cultured neurones is considered, together with ataxia due to vitamin E deficiency (AVED) arising from abetalipoproteinaemia, cholestatic liver disease, cystic fibrosis, short bowel syndrome, total parenteral nutrition, diabetic peripheral neuropathy and familial isolated vitamin E (FIVE) deficiency. Selenium deficiency in Keshan disease is also described in relation to the cardiomyopathy seen in Friedreich's ataxia. Evidence for any beneficial effects of vitamin E upon the course of Friedreich's ataxia, tardive dyskinesia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neurone disease), Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease is examined. The application of vitamin E derivatives as protective agents in posttraumatic injury to the nervous system (stroke, head and spinal cord injury and haemorrhage) is discussed.