gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Infrared spectra of various metal oxides in the region of 2 to 26 microns (1966)

and potassium bromide absorption regions.These spectra include the stable rare earth oxides and are the first comprehensive collection of infrared metal oxide spectra known to be published.The infrared spectra of 52 metal oxides were determined through the sodium chloride
Direct Growth of III–V/Silicon Triple-Junction Solar Cells With 19.7% Efficiency (2018)

Monolithic multi-junction solar cells made on active silicon substrates are a promising pathway for low-cost high-efficiency devices. We present results of GaInP/GaAs/Si triple-junction solar cells, fabricated by direct growth on silicon in a metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy reactor using a GaAs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-y</sub> buffer structure to overcome the lattice mismatch between Si and GaAs. A low-temperature (750 °C) Si surface preparation process and a SiN <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> diffusion barrier at the rear side have been implemented to maintain the minority carrier lifetime in the Si bottom cell. Conversion efficiencies up to 19.7% have been achieved under AM 1.5g spectral conditions. The cells are compared with identical GaInP/GaAs dual-junction solar cells grown on bulk GaP and GaAs substrates to identify loss mechanisms. Subcell electrical characterization using electroluminescence reveals a significant voltage loss of the III-V subcells on Si, compared with the same structures grown on GaP or GaAs. Electron channeling contrast imaging of the metamorphic GaAs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-y</sub> buffer shows a three times higher threading dislocation density on Si (1.4 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> ) than on GaP substrates, and atomic force microscopy shows holes in the GaAs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-y</sub> buffer on Si that are not observed on GaP. Approaches to reach lower defect densities for the III-V layers on silicon are discussed.
Herbicidal Influence on Amylase in Barley and Squash Seedlings (1968)

The development of amylase activity controlled by the embryo in the distal halves of intact barley ( Hordeum vulgare L., var. Larker) seeds during the first 2 days of germination was prevented by the presence in the culture solution of 10 −4 M 7-oxabicyclo-(2.2.1)heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (endothall), 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (bromoxynil), 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil), or 3 amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (amiben) and was not overcome by the simultaneous addition of gibberellic acid. The aforementioned herbicides did not inhibit gibberellic acid-induced amylase synthesis in de-embryonated halved barley seeds. The amiben and bromoxynil inhibition of barley germination was slightly reduced by the simultaneous addition of 10 −2 M glucose to the culture solution. Amiben and bromoxynil also inhibited the development of low levels amylase activity found in 2-day-old squash ( Cucurbita maxima Duchesne, var. Chicago Warted Hubbard) cotyledons; however, added benzyladenine overcame the inhibition. In contrast to barley, benzyladenine was shown to induce the development of amylase activity in squash. Tolerance of squash and other seeds low in carbohydrates to amiben and bromoxynil during germination may be related to their independence from herbicide-inhibited carbohydrate degradation for energy and carbon source required for anabolic processes.
Effect of B‐site cation on the catalytic activity of La1−xCaxBO3 (B = Fe, Ni) perovskite‐type oxides for toluene combustion (2011)

Abstract Background The effect of the B cation on the surface properties and catalytic activity in the total combustion of toluene over La 1−x Ca x BO 3 (B = Fe,Ni) perovskite‐type oxides was studied. Result For the La 1−x Ca x FeO 3 series, the perovskite structure was maintained in the range of substitution studied. A completely different behaviour was observed for the La 1−x Ca x NiO 3 series. A Brownmillerite‐type structure (La 2 Ni 2 O 5 ) with a large degree of phase segregation as well dispersed mixed oxides was observed upon the substitution of La for Ca. In the Fe series, the catalytic activity in the total combustion of toluene showed that the insertion of calcium ions into the perovskite lattice resulted in higher activity relative to the unsubstituted LaFeO 3 perovskite. In contrast, for the Ni series, substitution results in solids with lower activity than the pure LaNiO 3 perovskite. Conclusion For the Fe series, higher activity and stability are attributed to a synergy between Fe 4+ /Fe 3+ and the oxygen vacancies generated by the calcium substitution. For the Ni counterpart, the structural modification leads to a lower activity of substituted solids compared with the pure LaNiO 3 perovskite, indicating that Ni 3+ ions are the active sites for toluene oxidation. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
The chronopharmacological application of theophylline therapy in asthma. (1994)

It has been known for centuries that asthmatic patients experience a worsening of symptoms at night and early in the morning, thus disturbing sleep and in some compromising daily performance. Nearly 95% of asthmatic patients experience nocturnal symptoms severe enough to awaken them, at least periodically. A more feared consequence of nocturnal asthma than disruption of sleep in death. Patients who suffer from nocturnal asthma require bronchodilator treatment that is effective overnight. The efficacy of therapy depends upon it formulation and the treatment strategy that is employed. An ideal bronchodilator medication should have optimal effect at a time when enhanced bronchoconstriction is known to occur. Certain sustained-release theophylline (SRT) have been formulated as effective chrono-therapies for nocturnal asthma. The use of certain SRTs have proved highly successful in controlling asthma at night after being administered once-daily in the evening.
Exosome-Mediated miR-29 Transfer Reduces Muscle Atrophy and Kidney Fibrosis in Mice (2019)

Our previous study showed that miR-29 attenuates muscle wasting in chronic kidney disease. Other studies found that miR-29 has anti-fibrosis activity. We hypothesized that intramuscular injection of exosome-encapsulated miR-29 would counteract unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced muscle wasting and renal fibrosis. We used an engineered exosome vector, which contains an exosomal membrane protein gene Lamp2b that was fused with the targeting peptide RVG (rabies viral glycoprotein peptide). RVG directs exosomes to organs that express the acetylcholine receptor, such as kidney. The intervention of Exo/miR29 increased muscle cross-sectional area and decreased UUO-induced upregulation of TRIM63/MuRF1 and FBXO32/atrogin-1. Interestingly, renal fibrosis was partially depressed in the UUO mice with intramuscular injection of Exo/miR29. This was confirmed by decreased TGF-β, alpha-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin, and collagen 1A1 in the kidney of UUO mice. When we used fluorescently labeled Exo/miR29 to trace the Exo/miR route in vivo and found that fluorescence was visible in un-injected muscle and in kidneys. We found that miR-29 directly inhibits YY1 and TGF-β3, which provided a possible mechanism for inhibition of muscle atrophy and renal fibrosis by Exo/miR29. We conclude that Exo/miR29 ameliorates skeletal muscle atrophy and attenuates kidney fibrosis by downregulating YY1 and TGF-β pathway proteins.
Area optimization of bit parallel finite field multipliers with fast carry logic on FPGAS (2008)

This paper presents the complexity analysis of bit parallel multiplier in polynomial basis on FPGAs, both without and with carry logic. We directly present the Look-Up-Table (LUT) complexity and estimate the resource upper bound based on the existed gate-oriented architectures. Experimental results show that no FPGA synthesis tool reaches the estimated upper bound. Furthermore, the area optimization with fast carry logic can save additional 17% resources. The implementation results with manually mapped design on a Xilinx Virtex-4 device are reported.
Tissue Analogs by the Assembly of Engineered Hydrogel Blocks (2012)

Biological tissues/organs consist of hierarchical organization of various extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules with spatial arrangement of cells and soluble factors. Highly hydrated ECM molecules assemble to form fibrils, microfibrils that organize into regional tissue structures such as muscle fiber bundles or osteons, tightly adapted to the specific tissue functions. Tissue architecture also defines spatial organization of biochemical and mechanical cues, in turn creating highly complex and heterogeneous cellular microenvironments. To generate the functional tissue equivalents in vitro, engineered scaffolds should mimic the structural, mechanochemical, and cellular complexity by recapitulating the unique microenvironments observed during the tissue development and morphogenesis. Inspired by complex and heterogeneous biological organization and enabled by various microfabrication and nanofabrication techniques, microscale hydrogel blocks can be engineered with specific structural, mechanical, biochemical, and cellular cues and assembled with the hope of generating complex functional tissue analogs. In this chapter, we highlight the biological examples of heterogeneous, yet tissue-specific organization of the structural, mechanical, biochemical, and cellular components in the tissues/organs. We further summarize strategies to engineer the hydrogels with specific set of cues followed by the techniques to assemble the engineered hydrogels blocks to build complex tissue analogs.
A practical method for measuring the true hydroxide conductivity of anion exchange membranes (2018)

Hydroxide ions in anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are quickly exchanged for larger and less mobile anions (CO₃2− and HCO₃−) when the membrane is exposed to ambient air. Therefore, reported conductivity values of AEMs in hydroxide form are difficult to reproduce, and existing conductivity measurement techniques are not always reliable. Up to now, comparison of reported data for the hydroxide conductivity of different membranes has not been possible because tests have been performed not just with different anions, but also under different conditions and using different methods. In this work we present a practical and reproducible ex situ method for measuring the true value of the hydroxide conductivity of AEMs. Keywords: Anion exchange membrane, CO2, Carbonation, Ambient air, Ionic conductivity, Hydroxide conductivity
Monolayer Support Control and Precise Colloidal Nanocrystals Demonstrate Metal–Support Interactions in Heterogeneous Catalysts (2021)

Electronic and geometric interactions between active and support phases are critical in determining the activity of heterogeneous catalysts, but metal-support interactions are challenging to study. Here, it is demonstrated how the combination of the monolayer-controlled formation using atomic layer deposition (ALD) and colloidal nanocrystal synthesis methods leads to catalysts with sub-nanometer precision of active and support phases, thus allowing for the study of the metal-support interactions in detail. The use of this approach in developing a fundamental understanding of support effects in Pd-catalyzed methane combustion is demonstrated. Uniform Pd nanocrystals are deposited onto Al<sub>2</sub> O<sub>3</sub> /SiO<sub>2</sub> spherical supports prepared with control over morphology and Al<sub>2</sub> O<sub>3</sub> layer thicknesses ranging from sub-monolayer to a ≈4 nm thick uniform coating. Dramatic changes in catalytic activity depending on the coverage and structure of Al<sub>2</sub> O<sub>3</sub> situated at the Pd/Al<sub>2</sub> O<sub>3</sub> interface are observed, with even a single monolayer of alumina contributing an order of magnitude increase in reaction rate. By building the Pd/Al<sub>2</sub> O<sub>3</sub> interface up layer-by-layer and using uniform Pd nanocrystals, this work demonstrates the importance of controlled and tunable materials in determining metal-support interactions and catalyst activity.
Haliovirga abyssi gen. nov., sp. nov., a mesophilic fermentative bacterium isolated from the Iheya North hydrothermal field, and proposal of Haliovirgaceae fam. nov. (2023)

A novel mesophilic, obligately anaerobic, facultatively sulphur-reducing bacterium, designated strain IC12<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal field in the Mid-Okinawa Trough, Japan. The cells were Gram-negative, motile, short rods with a single polar flagellum. The ranges and optima of the growth temperature, NaCl concentration and pH of strain IC12<sup>T</sup> were 15-40 °C (optimum, 30-35 °C), 10-60 g l<sup>-1</sup> (optimum, 20-30 g l<sup>-1</sup>) and pH 4.9-6.7 (optimum, pH 5.8), respectively. Yeast extract was utilized as a sole carbon and energy source for fermentative growth. Major fatty acids of strain IC12<sup>T</sup> were C<sub>14 : 0</sub>, C<sub>16 : 0</sub> and C<sub>16 : 1</sub> ω7. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain IC12<sup>T</sup> was affiliated to the phylum <i>Fusobacteriota</i> and was most closely related to <i>Ilyobacter insuetus</i> VenChi2<sup>T</sup> (86.5 % sequence similarity). Strain IC12<sup>T</sup> contained a chromosome of 2.43 Mbp and a large plasmid of 0.30 Mbp. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 26.4 mol%. The maximum values for average nucleotide identity and <i>in silico</i> DNA-DNA hybridization between strain IC12<sup>T</sup> and related strains of the phylum <i>Fusobacteriota</i> were 71.4 and 26.4 %, respectively. Phylogenomic, physiological and chemotaxonomic analyses indicate that strain IC12<sup>T</sup> represents a novel genus and species within the phylum <i>Fusobacteriota</i>, for which the name <i>Haliovirga abyssi</i> gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with strain IC12<sup>T</sup> (= DSM 112164<sup>T</sup>=JCM 39166<sup>T</sup>) as the type strain. We also propose the family <i>Haliovirgaceae</i> fam. nov. to accommodate this novel genus.
Cuffless and Non-Invasive Estimation of a Continuous Blood Pressure Based on PTT (2010)

This study suggests the method for measuring the BP (blood pressure) which it is one among the important vital sign of the human body with a cuffless and non-invasive. The monitoring of the BP is general to use the physical sensor which it directly contacts with the blood vessel in an operation, but this kind of a method can be impossible in the emergency requiring the rapid treatment. In a situation, to take a BP reading, most people use the device which is measured by inflating a cuff around the arm. However, it can measure with these method only the instantaneously BP but the continued BP cannot be shown. This paper shows the wrist type device is developed for the continuous BP measurement which is a non-invasive type. And after analyze and compare to BP data obtained by wearing the wrist type device and reference device, we present the possibility of the cuffless BP.
Design of a dual-band shared-aperture antenna based on frequency selective surface (2013)

A new design of a dual-band shared-aperture antenna based on frequency selective surface (FSS) for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) applications is presented. Bow-tie patches are used as the radiating elements both at L-band and C-band. The centre frequency of the L-band antenna is 1.3 GHz and the centre frequency of the C-band antenna is 5.2 GHz. The simulated impedance bandwidth (S11 ≤ -10dB) of the antenna reaches 16.2% for L- band and 26.8% for C-band. The simulated cross-polarization levels are all less than -48 dB for both L-band and C-band. The work confirms the practicability of the dual-band shared-aperture antenna based on frequency selective surface (FSS) design, and good bandwidth and cross-polarization performance of the antenna has been achieved.
Scintillation Properties of Praseodymium Doped LuAG Scintillator Compared to Cerium Doped LuAG, LSO and LaBr3 (2008)

Properties of praseodymium and cerium doped Lutetium Aluminum Garnet (LuAG) were compared with cerium doped Lutetium Oxyorthosilicate (LSO) and Lanthanum Bromide (LaBr <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> ). Light yield, its non-proportionality relative to 662 keV γ-rays and the dependence of the energy resolution on energy of the detected γ-rays were measured. LuAG:Pr turned out to have good proportionality, with deviation from unity around 10% at 16.6 keV and 3% at 59.5 keV. This, together with relatively high light yield of 5600 phe/MeV results in a very good energy resolution of LuAG:Pr of 5.1% measured with 662 keV γ-rays. Coincidence time resolution was measured to be 308 ps, significantly larger than that of LSO:Ce - 166 ps. This can be explained by smaller light yield of LuAG:Pr and the fact that only around 25% of its scintillation is emitted in short decay time modes of 17.6 ns and 52 ns, while the rest is decaying with long time modes of 1.4 μs and 9 μs.
Elimination of neurons from the rhesus monkey's lateral geniculate nucleus during development (1988)

The timing, magnitude, and spatial distribution of neuron elimination was studied in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of 57 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) ranging in age from the 48th day of gestation to maturity. Normal and degenerating cells were counted in Nissl-stained sections by using video-enhanced differential interference contrast optics and video-overlay microscopy. Before embryonic day 60 (E60), the geniculate nucleus contains 2,200,000 +/- 100,000 neurons. Roughly 800,000 of these neurons are eliminated over a 40- to 50-day period spanning the middle third of gestation. Neurons are lost at an average rate of 300 an hour between E48 and E60, and at an average rate of 800 an hour between E60 and E100. Very few neurons are lost after E100, and as early as E103 the population has fallen to the adult average of 1,400,000 +/- 90,000. Degenerating neurons are far more common in the magnocellular part of the nucleus than in the parvicellular part. In 20 of 29 cases, the number of neurons is greater on the right than on the left side. The right-left asymmetry averages about 8.5% and the difference is statistically significant (phi 2 = 38, p less than .001). The period of cell death occurs before the emergence of cell layers in the geniculate nucleus, before the establishment of geniculocortical connections, and before the formation of ocular dominance columns (Rakic, '76). Most important, the depletion of neurons in the geniculate nucleus begins long before the depletion of retinal axons. The number of geniculate neurons is probably a key factor controlling the number of the retinal cells that survive to maturity.
L'Interet Industriel d'une montee en puissance des energies renouvelables et des nouvelles architectures de reseau (2006)

Colloque INPGrenoble : « Les changements technologiques et industriels induits par les politiques Facteur 4
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Carbalkoxy Enethiols: A Class of Tautomeric Thiopyruvate Derivatives. (1986)

Abstract Das 1.3‐Oxathiolanon (I) addiert über das entsprechende Carbanion Oxoverbindungen (II) zu den Alkoholen (III), deren Mesylate mit DBU zu Methylenverbindungen (IV) gespalten werden.
Effect of a successive intranasal/ intramuscular vaccination strategy on the circulation of Aujeszky's disease virus in fattening pigs in persistently infected farrow‐to‐finish herds (1999)

This study investigated whether successive intranasal and intramuscular vaccinations administered to pigs when they were four and 10 weeks of age would reduce the circulation of Aujeszky's disease virus in eight persistently infected pig herds. The results of this strategy were compared with those obtained with the conventional two intramuscular vaccinations at 10 and 14 weeks of age. Piglets bom during a period of two weeks were vaccinated bythe new strategy and the piglets bom during the next two weeks were vaccinated according to the conventional schedule. The vaccine for intranasal administration consisted of 1O 6‐0 TCID 560 of Kaplan gE‐grstrain, suspended in 3 ml phosphate buffered saline. A commerdally available Bartha strain, suspended in an oil‐in‐water emulsion, was used for the intramuscular boostervaccination. At slaughter, the percentage of pigs with antibodies against glycoprotein E (gE), indicating infection with wild‐type Aujeszky's disease virus was determined in both groups. Replication of the vaccine virus after the intranasal vaccination was demonstrated in both groups. Replication of the vaccine virus after the intranasal vaccination was demonstrated in 96 per cent ofthe pigs. Only 34 per cent ofthe pigs vaccinated by the new strategy showed a serological response (serum neutralisation titre ≥2) at 14 weeks of age. The percentage of slaughter pigs in the eight herds which had antibodies against gE after beingvaccinated bythe new strategy was 34.6 per cent, whereas 55.4 per cent ofthe pigs vaccinated conventionally had antibodies against gE.
Morphology, Monomer Size and Concentration of Agglomerates Constituted by Rayleigh Particles as Retrieved from Scattering/Extinction Measurements (1997)

A new and computationally profitable theoretical approach based on the first order Born dipole approximation is here applied to evaluate the scattering/extinction properties of randomly oriented filamentary soot agglomerates composed by Rayleigh particles (primary spherules). The influence on the scattering pattern of both the scattering contribution from other spherules in the aggregate and of the self-interaction mechanism is represented. Four main morphologies, i.e., the straight and the zigzag chain, the random and the fractal cluster are considered. Major points evidenced are: (a) the Dissymmetry Ratios (i.e., the ratios of scattered light at two different angles) show very low (< 1%) sensitiveness to the soot refractive index uncertainties as well as to the self-interaction effect, and, vice versa, a pronounced dependence on aggregrate morphology and monomer diameter; (b) the combined measurements of at least two Dissymmetry Ratios are expected to be useful to assess the prevailing aggregate morphology; (c) zigzag chain as compared to straight chain scattering patterns result lo be appreciably different only at scattering angles more than 40"-6O°; (d) the influence of the multiple scattering (i.e., of the scattering contributes from aggregate spherules in the far-field other than the considered primary spherule in the same aggregate) on the extinction factor is not negligible and it is quantifiable below 10% for primary diameters not more 40 nm As working example, we face the problem of recognizing the time evolving characteristics of soot aggregates produced in a shock tube. We delineate a procedure to retrieve first the unknown morphology and then the number density of aggregates, the mean diameter and number of monomers per aggregate and the complex refractive index. The results match quite well both the extinction and the Dissymmetry Ratio R(30°/150°) measurements.
Magnetic Anisotropy Engineering in Thin Film Ni Nanostructures by Magnetoelastic Coupling (2014)

The control of magnetization by low power approaches, instead of power-hungry magnetic fields generated by electric currents, is a key challenge for future spintronics devices. Researchers have now shown that by exploiting magnetoelastic coupling, magnetization can be accurately controlled in nanostructures.