gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced electrical properties of c-axis epitaxial Nd-substituted Bi4Ti3O12 thin films (2003)

High-quality c-axis epitaxial ferroelectric thin films of Bi4Ti3O12 (BTO) and Nd-substituted BTO, Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 (BNT), were prepared on (001)-LaNiO3-coated (001) LaAlO3 substrates by pulsed-laser deposition. The epitaxial alignments were established by the x-ray diffraction, including θ–2θ and φ scans. Compared to the BTO films, the BNT films have significantly improved electrical properties with about 2 times larger remanent polarization, 0.6 times lower coercive field, better fatigue-resisting characteristics, and 1.7 times larger dielectric constant. These results showed experimentally that Nd substitution could enhance the c-axis electrical properties of BTO. The reason for the improved properties of BNT films was discussed.
Activation of Lipoprotein Lipase (1970)

Guinea pig serum is deficient in high density lipoproteins (HDL); post-heparin lipoprotein lipase (LPL) from it hydrolyzes a triglyceride (TG) emulsion very slowly. The rate is markedly increased by the addition of rat serum and even further by rat serum plus heparin. We have studied further the activation of LPL in this system. Rat serum lipoprotein fractions were isolated by ultracentrifugation and added to guinea pig postheparin serum in the presence or absence of heparin. When added in proportion to their original serum concentrations, HDL caused the greatest increase in TG hydrolysis. When each fraction was added at equal protein concentrations, purified low density lipoproteins had almost no effect; both very low density lipoproteins and HDL were very effective in increasing the rate of hydrolysis. Rat serum or rat HDL, added to the assay system in increasing amounts, appeared to increase the effective substrate concentration. In the absence of heparin, increasing the concentration of HDL increased the reaction rate which approached a limiting velocity (V max ) and produced a hyperbolic curve which conformed to Michaelis-Menten kinetics. In the presence of heparin, increasing the concentration of HDL produced an S-shaped curve and increased the V max . These data conformed to the sigmoidal kinetics described by the Hill equation. Our results suggest that (1) heparin may function as a specific ligand which acts as an allosteric modifier of LPL and alters the kinetics of interaction of LPL with the effective substrate and (2) the rate of hydrolysis of the effective TG substrate is regulated by the concentration of this substrate.
Uncommon histiocytic disorders: Rosai–Dorfman, juvenile xanthogranuloma, and Erdheim–Chester disease (2015)

Abstract Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD), juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG), and Erdheim–Chester disease (ECD) are non-Langerhans cell (non-LCH) disorders arising from either a dendritic or a macrophage cell. RDD is a benign disorder that presents with massive lymphadenopathy, but can have extranodal involvement. In most cases, RDD is self-limited and observation is the standard approach. Treatment is restricted to patients with life-threatening, multiple-relapsing, or autoimmune-associated disease. JXG is a pediatric histiocytosis characterized by xanthomatous skin lesions that usually resolve spontaneously. In a minority of cases, systemic disease can occur and can be life threatening. Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), as well as germline mutations in NF1 and NF2, have been reported in children with JXG. Recent whole-exome sequencing of JXG cases did not show the BRAF-V600E mutation, although 1 patient had PI3KCD mutation. ECD is an adult histiocytosis characterized by symmetrical long bone involvement, cardiovascular infiltration, a hairy kidney, and retroperitoneal fibrosis. Central nervous system involvement is a poor prognostic factor. Interferon-α is the standard as front-line therapy, although cladribine and anakinra can be effective in a few refractory cases. More than one-half of ECD patients carry the BRAF-V600E mutation. Currently, &gt;40 patients worldwide with multisystemic, refractory BRAF-V600E+ ECD have been treated with vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, which was found to be highly effective. Other recurrent mutations of the MAP kinase and PI3K pathways have been described in ECD. These discoveries may redefine ECD, JXG, and LCH as inflammatory myeloid neoplasms, which may lead to new targeted therapies.
Production of biodiesel using expanded gas solvents (2023)

A method of producing an alkyl ester. The method comprises providing an alcohol and a triglyceride or fatty acid. An expanding gas is dissolved into the alcohol to form a gas expanded solvent. The alcohol is reacted with the triglyceride or fatty acid in a single phase to produce the alkyl ester. The expanding gas may be a nonpolar expanding gas, such as carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentene, isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof, which is dissolved into the alcohol. The gas expanded solvent may be maintained at a temperature below, at, or above a critical temperature of the expanding gas and at a pressure below, at, or above a critical pressure of the expanding gas.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemo‐, Regio‐ and Stereoselective Addition of Nitrile Oxides to Cobalt‐Coordinated 1,3‐Enynes. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis and properties of a methyl derivative of zeise's dimer (1984)

A methyl(ethylene)platinum(II) complex [Pt2(µ-Cl)2Me2(C2H4)2] has been prepared and characterized; it forms complexes [PtClMe(C2H4)L] where L = pyridine, Me2S, or C2H4, undergoes exchange with unsaturated reagents (un) where (un)= PhCHCHPh, CH(CO2Me)CH(CO2Me), or PhCCPh to give [Pt2(µ-Cl)2Me2(un)2], undergoes insertion with CF3CCCF3 to give, after treatment with pyridine, [PtCl{C(CF3)C(CF3)Me}(py)2], and reacts with Zeise;s dimer to give the unsymmetrical dimer [Pt2(µ-Cl)2ClMe(C2H4)2].
Clostridium difficile is able to form a heterogeneous biofilm (2017)

Présentation orale - sélection sur résumé
Cross-Layer Scheduler Design with QoS Support forWireless Access Networks (2005)

Scheduling plays an important role in providing quality of service (QoS) support for multimedia networks. We propose a cross-layer scheduler at the medium access control (MAC) layer for multiple connections with diverse QoS requirements, where each connection employs adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme at the physical (PHY) layer. Each connection is assigned a priority, which is updated dynamically based on its channel and service quality; and the connection with the highest priority is scheduled each time. Our scheduler provides diverse QoS guarantees, uses the wireless bandwidth efficiently and enjoys flexibility, scalability and low implementation complexity. The performance of our scheduler is evaluated via simulations in the IEEE 802.16 standard setting.
Offending frequency suppression with a reset algorithm to improve feedback cancellation in digital hearing aids (2011)

Acoustic feedback limits the gain provided by hearing aids. Digital hearing aids identify acoustic feedback signals and cancel them continuously in a closed loop with an adaptive filter in the digital domain. This scheme facilitates larger hearing aid gain and improves the output sound quality of hearing aids. However, the output sound quality of hearing aids deteriorates as the hearing aid gain is increased. This paper automatically identifies and suppresses residual acoustical feedback components at frequencies that have the potential to drive the system to instability. The suppressed frequency components are monitored and the suppression is removed when such frequencies no longer pose a threat to drive the hearing aid system into instability. Experimental results obtained with real world hearing aid gain profiles using speech and music signals indicate that the method of this paper provides less distortion in the output sound quality than classical feedback cancelers enabling the use of more comfortable style hearing aids for patients with moderate to profound hearing loss.
Resistant maltodextrin promotes fasting glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion and production together with glucose tolerance in rats (2015)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which is produced and released from enteroendocrine L cells, plays pivotal roles in postprandial glycaemia. The ingestion of resistant maltodextrin (RMD), a water-soluble non-digestible saccharide, improves the glycaemic response. In the present study, we examined whether the continuous feeding of RMD to rats affected GLP-1 levels and glycaemic control. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks of age) were fed an American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-93G-based diet containing either cellulose (5 %) as a control, RMD (2.5 or 5 %), or fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS, 2.5 or 5 %) for 7 weeks. During the test period, an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) was performed after 6 weeks. Fasting GLP-1 levels were significantly higher in the 5 % RMD group than in the control group after 6 weeks. The IPGTT results showed that the glycaemic response was lower in the 5 % RMD group than in the control group. Lower caecal pH, higher caecal tissue and content weights were observed in the RMD and FOS groups. Proglucagon mRNA levels were increased in the caecum and colon of both RMD and FOS groups, whereas caecal GLP-1 content was increased in the 5 % RMD group. In addition, a 1 h RMD exposure induced GLP-1 secretion in an enteroendocrine L-cell model, and single oral administration of RMD increased plasma GLP-1 levels in conscious rats. The present study demonstrates that continuous ingestion of RMD increased GLP-1 secretion and production in normal rats, which could be stimulated by its direct and indirect (enhanced gut fermentation) effects on GLP-1-producing cells, and contribute to improving glucose tolerance.
An Sn doped 1T–2H MoS2 few-layer structure embedded in N/P co-doped bio-carbon for high performance sodium-ion batteries (2019)

A facile method for fabricating Sn doped 1T-2H MoS<sub>2</sub> embedded in N/P co-doped bio-carbon is developed using natural chlorella as an adsorbent and a nanoreactor. When used as an anode for sodium-ion batteries, it delivers an excellent rate performance (167 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> at 15 A g<sup>-1</sup>), high capacity (533 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> after 50 cycles at 0.1 A g<sup>-1</sup>), and superior long-term cycling stability (320 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> after 500 cycles at 1 A g<sup>-1</sup>) which are attributed to the synergistic effects of few-layer 1T-2H MoS<sub>2</sub> moderate Sn doping and the N/P co-doped bio-carbon.
Going Native: Long-Running Television Serials in the UK (2018)

This article examines in detail the development of the long-running serial in the UK, from its beginnings on radio in the 1940s, through the move to television in the mid 1950s and then up to the present day. It pays particular attention to language use throughout this period, focusing on the move from Standard English to a wide range of regional dialects during the four decades when these serials were at the height of their popularity, routinely dominating the television ratings. It then examines the development of long-form serials in languages other than English, firstly Welsh from the mid 1970s on, and then Gaelic intermittently from the early 1990s to the present day, and finally Scots, a highly minoritised Germanic language spoken mostly in the Scottish Lowlands. It compares both the current health and the future prospects of Gaelic and Scots with a particular focus on the challenges faced by both. Additional insights into the particular case of Gaelic are provided via interviews with a number of stakeholders.
Sculpting the Plasmonic Responses of Nanoparticles by Directed Electron Beam Irradiation (2021)

Spatial confinement of matter in functional nanostructures has propelled these systems to the forefront of nanoscience, both as a playground for exotic physics and quantum phenomena and in multiple applications including plasmonics, optoelectronics, and sensing. In parallel, the emergence of monochromated electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) has enabled exploration of local nanoplasmonic functionalities within single nanoparticles and the collective response of nanoparticle assemblies, providing deep insight into associated mechanisms. However, modern synthesis processes for plasmonic nanostructures are often limited in the types of accessible geometry, and materials and are limited to spatial precisions on the order of tens of nm, precluding the direct exploration of critical aspects of the structure-property relationships. Here, the atomic-sized probe of the scanning transmission electron microscope is used to perform precise sculpting and design nanoparticle configurations. Using low-loss EELS, dynamic analyses of the evolution of the plasmonic response are provided. It is shown that within self-assembled systems of nanoparticles, individual nanoparticles can be selectively removed, reshaped, or patterned with nanometer-level resolution, effectively modifying the plasmonic response in both space and energy. This process significantly increases the scope for design possibilities and presents opportunities for unique structure development, which are ultimately the key for nanophotonic design.
Novel approach to the design of unequal power divider with high‐dividing ratio (2009)

Abstract This letter presents the design of an unequal Wilkinson power divider with a high‐dividing ratio. By proportionally reducing the impedances in both arms and employing T‐shaped structure to replace quarter wavelength transmission lines with very low characteristic impedances, the proposed circuit can be constructed by microstrip lines with reasonable characteristic impedances, and therefore is easy to be fabricated and has planar structure. Furthermore, the value of isolating resistor can be flexibly adjusted to an available one. To verify our proposed idea, a 4:1 microstrip unequal power divider operating at 1.9 GHz is fabricated and tested. The ratio of highest to lowest characteristic impedances is only 2.2:1 in this 4:1 unequal power divider, compared with the ratio of 4.5:1 in conventional divider. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1240–1243, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24337
Esophageal Reconstruction for Stenosis Due to Diffuse Scleroderma (1973)

Blunt dissection of the esophagus and cervical esophagogastrostomy via a posterior mediastinal tunnel without thoracotomy was successfully performed in a patient with esophageal stenosis secondary to scleroderma. The larynx was, of course, preserved. This type of esophageal reconstruction is believed to be an effective and simple means of providing palliation in this difficult clinical situation, and is one of the good indications of utilizing blunt dissection of the thoracic esophagus.
SQUID technology for geophysical exploration (2005)

We report on successful tests of planar LTS SQUID gradiometers on airborne platforms such as helicopter and aircraft. The system works stable and allows profile work without any constraints. In mobile applications the gradient resolution at low frequencies is dominated by motion noise, since the parasitic areas of the SQUID gradiometer lead to strong disturbances if the gradiometer is tilted in the homogenous Earth's magnetic field. The balance can be improved further by software using data of a SQUID magnetometer triple. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Histological and Immunofluorescent Analysis of a Large Tributary of the Great Saphenous Vein Treated with a 1920 nm Endovenous Laser: Preliminary Findings (2018)

Using this <i>ex vivo</i> model, the results indicate that <i>in vitro</i> treatment with a 1920 nm EVL, at or above an LEED of 60 J/cm and 4 W power, causes significant vein wall cell death reaching deep into the media by a combination of direct thermal damage and apoptosis. A wavelength of 1920 nm appears to be effective for the endovenous ablation of truncal veins.
Anion Exchange Studies. II. Tantalum in Some HF-HCl Mixtures1 (1951)

In the previous paper results on the anion exchange behavior of niobium and zirconium in HCl-HF mixtures were given. This paper will deal with a similar study of tantalum and the subsequent one will deal with protactinium and a general discussion of the separation of the triadniobium, tantalum and protactinium.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of cis‐Silyl Tin Olefins: (anti‐Denmark) Nazarov Cyclization of β‐Silyl Divinyl Ketones. (1986)

Abstract Die Acetylene (I) addieren die Trialkylsilylzinn‐Derivate (II) zu den Olefinen (III), deren Stannylrest mit den Säurechloriden (IV) in Gegenwart von Pd‐Komplexen zu den Acylverbindungen (V) substituiert werden kann.
Chief Executive Officer Incentives, Monitoring, and Corporate Risk Management: Evidence From Insurance Use (2011)

Abstract Corporate governance and risk management issues have received prominent publicity in recent years following several major company failures such as Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers. While prior studies have examined this issue within the context of derivatives’ trading, little is known regarding the linkage between corporate governance and alternative corporate risk management activities such as insurance. Using a detailed firm survey conducted by the World Bank (2004) , we examine the impacts of various governance monitoring mechanisms and chief executive officer (CEO) characteristics on the corporate insurance decision. Overall, our results suggest that both monitoring mechanisms and managerial incentives induce the corporate purchase of property insurance. However, the purchase of property insurance for managerial self‐interest is only prevalent in firms subject to lax monitoring, and the determinants of insurance purchases are more in line with the prediction of the economic theory in firms with strong monitoring. In addition, our study contributes a number of new insights into the determinants of corporate purchase of property insurance.
Low-Profile Compact Microstrip Magnetic Dipole Antenna With Large Beamwidth and Broad Bandwidth for Vehicular Applications (2021)

In this paper, low-profile compact microstrip magnetic dipole antennas with large beamwidth and broad bandwidth are proposed for vehicular applications. At first, by introducing a strip on the bottom layer of microstrip magnetic dipole antenna, the electric current sources are introduced for the enhancement of beamwidth together with the magnetic current source. The operation principle of an equivalent complementary source model is then revealed to provide a physical insight. As seen, the half-power beamwidth (HPBW) can be controllable and effectively enlarged by the electric length of the planar magnetic dipole antenna. Next, by using a stub crossing on the strip, the impedance bandwidth is significantly improved comparing with the unloaded counterpart. After that, the antenna size is miniaturized by etching a pair of slots to extend the length of current path. Experimental results indicate that, under a very low profile of 0.016λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> and 0.032λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> , the antenna prototypes can still achieve an impedance bandwidth of 14.5% and 20.8%, and a maximum HPBW of 99° (E-plane)/180° (H-plane) and 112° (E-plane)/159° (H-plane). It is also demonstrated that when the antenna size is reduced to 0.442λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> ×0.284λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> , the impedance bandwidth up to 14.9% and the maximum HPBW of 93° (E-plane)/231° (H-plane) can be guaranteed with a low profile about 0.032λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> . Comparing with other design approaches, the proposed designs feature a very low profile structure, and superior beamwidth and bandwidth properties, as well as simple configuration and compact size.
Circularly polarized conical beam antennas (1995)

Abstract A small and lightweight antenna was developed which generates a circularly polarized conical beam in the desired direction by changing the incline angle of the linear antenna elements and the spacing between the antenna elements without phase shifters. the experiment for directivity of the circularly polarized conical beam antenna was carried out by using four monopole antennas, and the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis was confirmed. Next, experiments were carried out for the impedance and directivity with representative dimensions. the gain in the maximum direction was 4.5 dBi with an axial ratio of less than 2 dB and a standing wave ratio of less than 1.2.
Proximal nodes (1997)

A model to query document databases by both their content and structure is presented. The goal is to obtain a query language that is expressive in practice while being efficiently implementable, features not present at the same time in previous work. The key ideas of the model are a set-oriented query language based on operations on nearby structure elements of one or more hierarchies, together with content and structural indexing and bottom-up evaluation. The model is evaluated in regard to expressiveness and efficiency, showing that it provides a good trade-off between both goals. Finally, it is shown how to include in the model other media different from text.
Pedicle Flap Designs for Soft Tissue Conditioning in the Therapy of Peri-implantitis (2021)

Keratinized mucosa (KM) is regarded as a key factor in peri-implant health. A lack of KM has been associated with discomfort, higher plaque accumulation, and mucosal inflammation. Persistent inflammation might lead to progressive peri-implant bone loss. Several approaches to manage peri-implantitis have been advocated. Despite the effectiveness shown by surgical therapeutic modalities, soft tissue conditioning seems pivotal for long-term peri-implant health and stability. Free epithelial grafts have been demonstrated to efficiently augment the band of KM. Nevertheless, morbidity, dynamic soft tissue changes, and longer healing periods are shortcomings to be considered. The purpose of this technical note is to provide an alternative therapeutic modality for the surgical management of peri-implantitis combined with simultaneous soft tissue conditioning by means of pedicle flaps. Three main clinical scenarios are provided to conceive pedicle epithelial or connective tissue flaps, combined or not with collagen matrices, as predictable approaches to augment KM in the surgical therapy of peri-implantitis.