gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[The effect of bromantane on the erythro- and leukocytic profile of the peripheral blood in rats]. (1999)

The specific effect of bromantan on blood tissue is demonstrated in rats. In chronic injection in a dose of 30 mg/kg bromantan raised the level of hemoglobin and leukocytes. In doses of 150 and 600 mg/kg it increased at first (3 months) and then reduced the level of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and leukocytes. Reversible poikilocytosis, granulocytosis, and agranulocytosis were encountered. Hyperchromatosis and hypertrophy of the hepatocytes were found in the tissues of the liver and hemosiderosis was discovered in the spleen. It is suggested that the blood tissue is a "target" in the toxic effect of bromantan.
Blood flow measurement using variable velocity encoding in the RR interval (1993)

Velocity-encoded phase imaging using asynchronous gating requires input of a velocity encoding value to set the velocity sensitivity of the pulse sequence. The raw data interpolation and reconstruction scheme that the pulse sequence uses forces the encoding value to be constant throughout the RR interval. The sequence and the raw data interpolation scheme were modified to allow two velocity encodings during the RR interval. Two-hundred cm/s encoding was used in systole, and 30 cm/s in diastole. Changing the encoding in diastole significantly improved the accuracy and precision of ascending aorta flow measurements.
Creation of an Expert Curated Variant List for Clinical Genomic Test Development and Validation: A ClinGen and GeT-RM Collaborative Project (2021)

Abstract Modern genomic sequencing tests often interrogate large numbers of genes. Identification of appropriate reference materials for development, validation studies, and quality assurance of these tests poses a significant challenge for laboratories. It is difficult to develop and maintain expert knowledge to identify all variants that must be validated to assure analytic and clinical validity. Additionally, it is usually not possible to procure appropriate and characterized genomic DNA reference materials containing the number and scope of variants required. To address these challenges, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Genetic Testing Reference Material Program (GeT-RM) has partnered with the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) to develop a publicly available list of expert curated, clinically important variants. ClinGen Variant Curation Expert Panels nominated 546 variants found in 84 disease associated genes, including common pathogenic and difficult to detect variants. Variant types nominated included 346 SNVs, 104 deletions, 37 CNVs, 25 duplications, 18 deletion-insertions, 5 inversions, 4 insertions, 2 complex rearrangements, 3 in difficult to sequence regions, and 2 fusions. This expert-curated variant list is a resource that provides a foundation for designing comprehensive validation studies and for creating in silico reference materials for clinical genomic test development and validation.
Development of a LAMP assay for detection of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs using conjunctival swab samples (2015)

This study has shown that the non-invasive, conjunctional swab-based LAMP assay developed was more sensitive in the detection of leishmaniasis in dogs than PCR, ELISA and microscopy. The findings indicate that the LAMP assay is a sensitive and specific method for the field surveillance of domestic dogs, particularly of asymptomatic canines, in ZVL-endemic areas in western China.
Prediction of Permanent Deformation in Flexible Pavement Materials (1989)

This paper presents a method to predict the permanent deformation (rutting) in pavements using a mechanistic-empirical model of material characterization. Three permanent deformation parameters are developed through material testing to simply represent the curved relationship between permanent strains and the number of load cycles. Equations are developed by regression analysis which determine how these three parameters are affected by the material properties, environmental conditions (moisture and temperature), and stress state. These relations are important in calculating the permanent deformation of pavement layers since the relation between permanent deformation and cycles of load from the laboratory is usually examined in test conditions that are significantly different from field conditions. The permanent deformations calculated from the method presented are compared with results measured in the field in Florida and are found to be accurate. The permanent deformation is calculated as the sum of the resilient strains multiplied by the fractional increase of total strains for each material layer of the pavement. The resilient strains of pavement structures under highway loadings are calculated using a finite-element analysis which incorporates both linear and nonlinear stress-strain behavior of the pavement component materials. The fractional increase of total strains is basically in terms of three parameters which characterize the permanent deformation relations from the laboratory. The values of these parameters are developed for pavement materials such as asphalt concrete, gravel and crushed-stone base course materials, and subgrade soils from a variety of data sources. The statistical equations for the three parameters are developed for each type of material represented in the data. The most important terms in the equations are the asphalt content, temperature, resilient modulus, and stress state for asphalt concrete material, and the water content, resilient modulus, and stress state for base and subgrade soils, respectively. These equations and the method as mentioned above has been programmed into a modified ILLI-PAVE program to calculate the resilient strains and permanent deformation in each layer of pavement, taking into account realistic distributions of tire contact pressures, both vertical and horizontal. The permanent deformation obtained is shown to be in reasonable agreement with the measured results. It is demonstrated that this method provides an appropriate and realistic analysis of prediction of the permanent deformation, and further, the results are used in the prediction of the loss of serviceability index of pavements using the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Road Test relation. The paper demonstrates the importance of accurate materials characterization in predicting the rutting of asphalt concrete pavements on granular base course.
Characterization of light-emitting diodes based on InAsSbP/InAsSb structures grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy (2003)

Light-emitting diodes for the wavelength range λ=3.3–4.5 µm were fabricated on the basis of InAsSbP/InAsSb heterostructures grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy. The use of vapor-phase epitaxy made it possible to appreciably increase the phosphorus content in barrier layers (up to 50%) in comparison with that attainable in the case of liquid-phase epitaxy; correspondingly, it was possible to improve confinement of charge carriers in the active region of the structures. Photoluminescent properties of InAsSb layers, electroluminescent properties of light-emitting diodes, and dependences of the emission power on current were studied. Two types of light-emitting diodes were fabricated: (i) with extraction of emission through the substrate (type A) and (ii) with extraction of emission through the epitaxial layer (type B). The light-emitting diodes operating in the pulse mode (with a relative pulse duration of 20) had an emission power of 1.2 mW at room temperature.
Multiobjective Optimization on Function Spaces: A Kolmogorov Approach (2005)

Abstract : This report makes explicit that the Kolmogorov Criterion can specialize with sufficient detail to yield concrete and computationally viable tests that identify solutions to difficult optimization problems. Specifically, the classical equal-ripple characterization of best polynomial approximation is generalized to nonlinear polynomial optimization, and then generalized again to multiobjective polynomial optimization. Thus, results in polynomial optimization stretching over this last century readily fit into a single framework and are illustrated with applications in filter design and control theory. In addition to the finite-dimensional polynomials, the Kolmogorov Criterion also applies to the infinite-dimensional disk algebra. The disk algebra is basic to signal processing and control theory. Many engineering problems in these disciplines are optimization problems on the disk algebra. The Kolmogorov Criterion readily characterizes the minimizers of these nonlinear optimization problems. By making explicit the Kolmogorov Criterion and working specific examples, this report equips researchers with a general approach to optimization on spaces of functions and a collection of accessible research problems.
Inductively coupled plasma torch with laminar flow cooling (2023)

An improved inductively coupled gas plasma torch. The torch includes inner and outer quartz sleeves and tubular insert snugly fitted between the sleeves. The insert includes outwardly opening longitudinal channels. Gas flowing through the channels of the insert emerges in a laminar flow along the inside surface of the outer sleeve, in the zone of plasma heating. The laminar flow cools the outer sleeve and enables the torch to operate at lower electrical power and gas consumption levels additionally, the laminar flow reduces noise levels in spectroscopic measurements of the gaseous plasma.
Theoretical Optimization of Pulse Properties in Ultra-Long Fiber Laser (2018)

We propose the method of analytical prediction of stable generation area in ultra-long dissipative fiber laser. The method is based on highly-chirped analytical solution of Ginzburg-Landau equation with the gain saturation and saturable absorption.
Compact Superconducting Radio-frequency Accelerators and Innovative RF Systems (2015)

We will present several new technical and design breakthroughs that enable the creation of a new class of compact linear electron accelerators for industrial purposes. Use of Superconducting Radio-Frequency (SRF) cavities allow accelerators less than 1.5 M in length to create electron beams beyond 10 MeV and with average beam powers measured in 10’s of KW. These machines can have the capability to vary the output energy dynamically to produce brehmstrahlung x-rays of varying spectral coverage for applications such as rapid scanning of moving cargo for security purposes. Such compact accelerators will also be cost effective for many existing and new industrial applications. Examples include radiation crosslinking of plastics and rubbers, creation of pure materials with surface properties radically altered from the bulk, modification of bulk or surface optical properties of materials, sterilization of medical instruments animal solid or liquid waste, and destruction of organic compounds in industrial waste water effluents. Small enough to be located on a mobile platform, such accelerators will enable new remediation methods for chemical and biological spills and/or in-situ crosslinking of materials. We will describe one current design under development at Fermilab including plans for prototype and value-engineering to reduce costs. We will also describe development of new nano-structured field-emitter arrays as sources of electrons, new methods for fabricating and cooling superconducting RF cavities, and a new novel RF power source based on magnetrons with full phase and amplitude control.
Pharmocracy (2020)

Continuing his pioneering theoretical explorations into the relationships among biosciences, the market, and political economy, Kaushik Sunder Rajan introduces the concept of pharmocracy to explain the structure and operation of the global hegemony of the multinational pharmaceutical industry. He reveals pharmocracy's logic in two case studies from contemporary India: the controversial introduction of an HPV vaccine in 2010, and the Indian Patent Office's denial of a patent for an anticancer drug in 2006 and ensuing legal battles. In each instance health was appropriated by capital and transformed from an embodied state of well-being into an abstract category made subject to capital's interests. These cases demonstrate the precarious situation in which pharmocracy places democracy, as India's accommodation of global pharmaceutical regulatory frameworks pits the interests of its citizens against those of international capital. Sunder Rajan's insights into this dynamic make clear the high stakes of pharmocracy's intersection with health, politics, and democracy
The effects of molasses on the fermentation of chopped whole‐plant leucaena (1984)

Abstract The incorporation of molasses (22.5 and 45.0 kg t −1 , fresh wt basis) with chopped whole‐plant leucaena ( Leucaena leucocephala ) at the time of ensiling, increased the rate of fermentation as compared to the control (no molasses). The silage (leucaenalage) prepared with molasses had a lower pH, higher residual water‐soluble carbohydrates, greater quantities of acetic and lactic acid and lower levels of volatile nitrogen, non‐protein nitrogen and free amino acids than did the leucaenalage containing no molasses. The extent of these changes increased as the level of the molasses was increased.
Neutron irradiation of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/delta// (1988)

Critical magnetization currents were measured in single crystalline YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/minus//delta//, with the field parallel and perpendicular to the c-axis, as a function of neutron fluence. Up to fluences of /approximately/ 8 /times/ 10/sup 21/ m/sup /minus/2/ (E > 0.1 MeV) we observe a linear decrease of transition temperatures with a slope of /minus/2.6 K per 10/sup 22/ neutrons m/sup /minus/2/. In general, the critical magnetization currents are enhanced significantly at all temperatures. However, because this enhancement is always more pronounced if the field is applied in the a- or b-directions, the intrinsic anisotropy of critical current densities is drastically decreased by the irradiation, e.g., from 44 to 9 at 5 K and 1 T. Both the enhancement factors and the anisotropy show interesting temperature dependences, which will require more detailed investigation. 11 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.
Slow-wave bandpass filters using ring or stepped-impedance hairpin resonators (2002)

This paper proposes a new class of slow-wave bandpass filters that uses a microstrip line periodically loaded with microstrip ring or stepped-impedance hairpin resonators. The new slow-wave periodic structures utilize the parallel and series resonance characteristics of the resonators to construct a bandpass filter. Unlike conventional slow-wave filters, the proposed bandpass filters are designed to produce a narrow passband at the fundamental mode of the resonators. The new filters provide lower insertion loss than that of parallel- or cross-coupled ring and stepped-impedance hairpin bandpass filters. The calculated frequency responses of the filters agree well with experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Hydrogen Exchange Among the Coordinated Methane Fragments of Cp2W(H)CH3. Evidence for the Formation of a σ Complex of Methane Prior to Elimination. (1989)

Abstract NMR examination at 45‐50 °C of a solution containing appropriate isotopically labeled derivatives of the title complex (Cp: π‐cyclopentadienyl) (details of the preparation of various deuterium‐substituted derivatives are reported) shows intramolecular hydrogen exchange between the hydride and methyl ligands of individual molecules, combined at high concentrations with intermolecular hydride exchange.
A Single-Controller-Four-Output Analog-Assisted Digital LDO with Adaptive-Time-Multiplexing Control in 65-nm CMOS (2019)

This paper presents a single-controller-four-output analog-assisted digital LDO which can regulate four output voltage domains by sharing only one digital controller with an adaptive-time-multiplexing control scheme. The area of the digital controller is 62% smaller compared to the sum of the digital controller area of four independent LDOs. An analog-assisted loop and a push-pull auxiliary loop are used to take over the control in steady state to save quiescent power, reduce output ripple and enhance the response speed. A prototype is fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process. An undershoot voltage of 100mV is measured with a 47mA/20ns load step, resulting a figure-of-merit as low as 0.12ps.
Draft Genome Sequence of Achromobacter piechaudii Strain HLE (2012)

Achromobacter piechaudii strain HLE is a betaproteobacterium (previously known as Alcaligenes faecalis) that was an early isolate with arsenite oxidase activity. This draft genome of 6.89 Mb is the second available genome for this species in the opportunistic pathogen Alcaligenaceae family.
Explicit k-dependency for $P_k$ finite elements in $W^{m,p}$ error\n estimates: application to probabilistic laws for accuracy analysis (2019)

We derive an explicit $k-$dependence in $W^{m,p}$ error estimates for $P_k$\nLagrange finite elements. Two laws of probability are established to measure\nthe relative accuracy between $P_{k_1}$ and $P_{k_2}$ finite elements ($k_1 &lt;\nk_2$) in terms of $W^{m,p}$-norms. We further prove a weak asymptotic relation\nin $D'(R)$ between these probabilistic laws when difference $k_2-k_1$ goes to\ninfinity. Moreover, as expected, one finds that $P_{k_2}$ finite element is\n{\\em surely more accurate} than $P_{k_1}$, for sufficiently small values of the\nmesh size $h$. Nevertheless, our results also highlight cases where $P_{k_1}$\nis {\\em more likely accurate} than $P_{k_2}$, for a range of values of $h$.\nHence, this approach brings a new perspective on how to compare two finite\nelements, which is not limited to the rate of convergence.\n
Three-Dimensional Based Trust Management Scheme for Virus Control in P2P Networks (2010)

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networking is widely used to exchange, contribute, or obtain files from any participating user. In these networks, worms, viruses and intruding files find an open door to the downloading host, creating a convenient environment for successful proliferation throughout the network. Trust management is a promising proactive mechanism to prevent virus dissemination. Current trust models use peer reputation for this purpose. However, when viruses have infectious properties, peer reputation may not be enough to limit their proliferation. In this paper, we show that peer reputation alone cannot bound epidemics in an infectious environment. Therefore, this paper introduces a trust management scheme that uses the combination of trust values of peers and infection values of both peers and content. Moreover, to improve the efficiency on the calculation of trust values of ratio-based normalization models, we propose a model for trust value calculation using a three dimensional (3D) normalization to represent peer activity with high accuracy. We show that the proposed trust management scheme can bound virus proliferation to a small number of peers, without inhibiting file-downloading activity.
Modification in diffusion kinetics and electro-optic behavior of holographic thin films with carbon nanotubes (2010)

This work focuses on the study of the modification in formation and electro-optic behavior of holographically formed polymer -liquid crystal thin film gratings doped with multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Results indicate a time delay in the evolution of the first diffraction order in the presence of carbon nanotubes when compared to ones with no nanotubes. An analysis is presented based on the modification of the diffusion kinetics in terms of photo induced phase separation. This slow down is attributed to the non-participation of the carbon nanotubes in the phase separation process, and acting as physical barriers to the counter diffusing liquid crystals. The diffusion constant of nanotubes, incorporating its shape anisotropy, is computed in such a photo polymerizable system and compared with those of the participating polymers and liquid crystals. An optimal concentration of carbon nanotube doping is arrived at which helps in improve the switching speed while maintaining diffraction efficiency. Improvement is switching speed is attributed to reduction in size of the liquid crystal droplets. Scanning electron microscopy results indicate a change in morphology of the gratings doped with carbon nanotubes. In specific, smaller droplet size and, beyond the optimal level of nanotube doping, imperfect liquid crystal phase separation with scarcity of liquid crystal droplets across the sample is seen.
An Application of Stochastic Optimization Theory to Institutional Finance (2007)

A current problem in institutional finance is to devise a means of computing the maximum profit that can be made by a depository financial institution (DFI). Such institutions are characterized by their depository and loan issuing activities. Our main objective is to investigate the stochastic dynamics of DFI assets, liabilities and capital under the influence of macroeconomic factors. A feature of our approach is that we can incorporate inherent cyclical effects in credit prices, riskweightings, provisioning, profitability and capital in the modeling of the aforementioned items. As a consequence, we are able to formulate a maximization problem that involves optimal choices of the depository consumption, value of the DFI’s investment in loans and provisions for
Study of esophageal cancer chemotherapy on enhanced antitumor effect by lipid-surfactant mixed micelles and a macromolecular dextran sulfate. (1989)

For the purpose of enhancing selective transfer of anticancer drug into the tumor and the regional lymphnode in esophageal cancer chemotherapy, we aimed at the administration of the anticancer drug into the lumen of the esophagus. We have reported the effectiveness of using lipid-surfactant mixed micelles(MM) as an absorption promotor and a dextran sulfate(DS)as a lymphotropic carrier. In this study, we observed the antitumor effect of this system. An experimental model of esophageal cancer was made by implanting VX2 carcinoma endoscopically into the esophageal wall of rabbits. We treated these rabbits with distilled water alone, peplomycin(PEP) with distilled water, PEP with MM, and PEP·DS ionic complex with MM, respectively. The antitumor effect of each group was evaluated by the histological findings and the weight of metastatic lymphnodes. The administration of PEP·DS complex with MM showed the good antitumor effect not only in the primary tumor of esophagus but also in the metastatic lymphnodes. Consequently, it was recognized that the antitumor effect of PEP was enhanced by using MM together with DS and we expect the clinical application of this system.