gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Median Nerve Superficial to the Transverse Carpal Ligament (2015)

Recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome occurs in up to 12% of cases after carpal tunnel release. Recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome is defined as recurrence of classic symptoms confirmed by electrodiagnostic studies after a symptom-free interval of a minimum of 6 months, as opposed to persistent carpal tunnel syndrome, where a symptom-free interval never occurs after carpal tunnel release, which is attributed to incomplete release of the transverse carpal ligament. The most common causes of recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome requiring reoperation are incomplete release of the transverse carpal ligament and scarring of the median nerve to the surrounding structures. Surgical exploration, release of the reconstituted transverse carpal ligament, and freeing of the median nerve from constricting scar will usually result in symptom relief. The authors describe an unusual presentation of recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome with healing of the transverse carpal ligament dorsal to the median nerve, trapping the median nerve in the subcutaneous tissue. Hand surgeons must be aware of this anomalous location when performing revision carpal tunnel release. The surgeon must locate the median nerve proximally in normal tissue before proceeding distally to avoid iatrogenic injury during revision carpal tunnel release.
STAT3 is a critical cell-intrinsic regulator of human unconventional T cell numbers and function (2015)

Unconventional T cells such as γδ T cells, natural killer T cells (NKT cells) and mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells) are a major component of the immune system; however, the cytokine signaling pathways that control their development and function in humans are unknown. Primary immunodeficiencies caused by single gene mutations provide a unique opportunity to investigate the role of specific molecules in regulating human lymphocyte development and function. We found that individuals with loss-of-function mutations in STAT3 had reduced numbers of peripheral blood MAIT and NKT but not γδ T cells. Analysis of STAT3 mosaic individuals revealed that this effect was cell intrinsic. Surprisingly, the residual STAT3-deficient MAIT cells expressed normal levels of the transcription factor RORγt. Despite this, they displayed a deficiency in secretion of IL-17A and IL-17F, but were able to secrete normal levels of cytokines such as IFNγ and TNF. The deficiency in MAIT and NKT cells in STAT3-deficient patients was mirrored by loss-of-function mutations in IL12RB1 and IL21R, respectively. Thus, these results reveal for the first time the essential role of STAT3 signaling downstream of IL-23R and IL-21R in controlling human MAIT and NKT cell numbers.
A New PDC Cutting Structure Improves Bit Stabilization and Extends Application into Harder Rock Types (1993)

Abstract The destructive effects of the dynamic forces typically induced by the cutter/rock interaction of PDC bits have been identified in previous works. The material presented in this paper deals with a new cutting structure developed for PDC bits which is self-stabilizing; forcing the center of rotation to remain at or near the bit's design center. Positioning the PDC cutters in concentric rings with little or no overlap between cutters produces a bottom hole profile with deep grooves. These grooves act as guide tracks for the PDC cutters and provide a restoring force to resist off-center rotation. This paper describes the design and testing of whirl resistant PDC bits based upon these design principles. Laboratory drilling experiments are discussed and conclusions developed which are validated with field performance in six case histories.
Recombinant apolipoprotein A-I[Formula: See Text]: a novel agent for the induction of regression of atherosclerotic plaques (2003)

Apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, because of its anti-atherogenic properties, provides a potentially powerful approach to the management of vascular diseases. In the clinic, patients with low high density lipoproteins (HDL)/apoA-I are at dramatically increased risk of coronary disease, the opposite being true for individuals with high HDL Drug studies, e.g., the VA-HIT trial with gemfibrozil, clearly associated a reduced risk of events with raised HDL-cholesterolemia. A number of animal studies have shown that the infusion of apoA-I containing synthetic HDL can inhibit atherosclerosis progression in experimental animals, being also able to stimulate reverse cholesterol transport in humans. Recently, high interest has been devoted to a molecular variant of apoA-I, apoA-I(Milano) (apoA-I(M)), characterized by a Cys for Arg substitution and formation of apoA-I(M)/A-I(M) dimers. These latter are characterized by a prolonged permanence in plasma and a more effective cholesterol removing function, which may offer an improved approach to the therapeutic management of arterial disease. Aside from a number of clinical studies on human apoA-I(M) carriers, all indicating a clear protection from cardiovascular disease in spite of markedly reduced HDL levels, animal investigations have provided definite indication as to the potential of apoA-I(M) infusion to directly reduce the extent of atherosclerotic plaques. In addition to the well known powerful cholesterol effluxing capacity of apoA-I(M), fibrinolytic properties and possibly antioxidant/vasodilator mechanisms seem to be in play. Ongoing clinical studies will provide final indication as to the potential of this new therapeutic approach.
The Genetic Architecture of Disease Resistance in Maize: A Synthesis of Published Studies (2006)

ABSTRACT Fifty publications on the mapping of maize disease resistance loci were synthesized. These papers reported the locations of 437 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for disease (dQTL), 17 resistance genes (R-genes), and 25 R-gene analogs. A set of rules was devised to enable the placement of these loci on a single consensus map, permitting analysis of the distribution of resistance loci identified across a variety of maize germplasm for a number of different diseases. The confidence intervals of the dQTL were distributed over all 10 chromosomes and covered 89% of the genetic map to which the data were anchored. Visual inspection indicated the presence of clusters of dQTL for multiple diseases. Clustering of dQTL was supported by statistical tests that took into account genome-wide variations in gene density. Several novel clusters of resistance loci were identified. Evidence was also found for the association of dQTL with maturity-related QTL. It was evident from the distinct dQTL distributions for the different diseases that certain breeding schemes may be more suitable for certain diseases. This review provides an up-to-date synthesis of reports on the locations of resistance loci in maize.
[The radiotherapy satellite in Kristiansand--a model for Norwegian regional hospitals?]. (2001)

The satellite model should be evaluated also for other medical specialties within the university hospitals.
Assessment of Mitochondrial Function and Membrane Potential in PK1 Cells Treated with Gentamicin and MitoQ (2014)

Objectives: Determine the effects of concurrent treatment with the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin and mitoquinone (MitoQ), a mitochondria‐targeted derivative of the antioxidant ubiquinone that may protect against aminoglycoside ototoxicity, on mitochondrial function and membrane potential. Methods: This study was prospective and controlled. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed by flow cytometry using MitoProbeTM JC‐1 Kit in untreated PK1 cells and cells exposed to low (100 µM) or high (2000 µM) dose gentamicin for 24 hours, with and without 0.5 µM each of MitoQ or idebenone (an untargeted ubiquinone). Mitochondrial function was determined using the Seahorse XF‐24TM flux analyzer. Results: MMP was not different in untreated cells and cells co‐incubated with low‐dose gentamicin and MitoQ or idebenone ( P &gt;. 05). Co‐incubation with high‐dose gentamicin and MitoQ or idebenone decreased MMP ( P &lt;. 0001), with MitoQ co‐incubation decreasing MMP to a greater extent compared with idebenone ( P =. 0001). Basal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was not different between treatments ( P =. 15). Maximal OCR was not different between untreated cells and cells treated with MitoQ alone, low dose gentamicin alone, or the combination of MitoQ and low dose gentamicin ( P &gt;. 05). In contrast, cells treated with high dose gentamicin and in combination with MitoQ have reduced maximal OCR ( P =. 037 and. 026). Conclusions: The combination of gentamicin and MitoQ holds the potential to disrupt mitochondrial function and membrane potential. This suggests a heightened need to monitor for toxicity in patients receiving both agents.
Toward a Multi-Species Gas Sensor on a Chip (2017)

We demonstrate on-chip implementation of an optically accessible gas expansion chamber for a gas sensing system combining micro-gas-chromatography with optical spectroscopy. Acetylene traces are reliably detected in a 1-cm-long chamber.
Multiscale entropy analysis of complex heart rate dynamics: discrimination of age and heart failure effects (2003)

Quantifying the complexity of physiologic time series has been of considerable interest. Several entropy-based measures have been proposed, although there is no straightforward correspondence between entropy and complexity. These traditional algorithms may generate misleading results because an increase in system entropy is not always associated with an increase in its complexity, and because the algorithms are based on single time scales. Recently, we introduced a new method, multiscale entropy (MSE) analysis, to calculate entropy over a wide range of scales. In this study, we sought to determine whether loss of complexity due to aging could be distinguished from that due to major cardiac pathology. We analyzed RR time series from young subjects (n = 26), elderly subjects (n = 46) and subjects with congestive heart failure (n = 43). The mean MSE measures of each of the three groups revealed characteristic curves, suggesting that they capture fundamental changes in the heart rate dynamics due to age and disease. We used Fisher's linear discriminant to evaluate the use of MSE features for classification. In discriminant tests on the training data, we found that MSE features could separate elderly, young and heart failure subjects with 92% accuracy and that older healthy subjects (mean age = 65.9) could be separated from subjects with heart failure (mean age = 55.5) with 94% accuracy. Also, we discriminated data from heart failure subjects and elderly healthy subjects with a positive predictivity of 76% and a specificity of 83% using only the MSE features. Larger databases will be needed to confirm if automatic classification results can match separation results. We conclude that MSE features capture differences in complexity due to aging and heart failure. These differences have implications for modeling neuroautonomic perturbations in health and disease.
Electron Microscopic Studies of Microprojections on Aging Cells and Tissues (1980)

Microprojections, and specifically, microvilli, are present on many cell types. The cells which have them are often involved in either secretion or absorption In 1975 Bowman and Daniel 1 reported that increased numbers of microvilli were present on WI-38 human fibroblasts in vitro at higher population doubling levels. A new cell strain, IMR-90 was recently developed to supplement the depleting supplies of WI-38. We wished to determine if increased numbers of microvilli were to be found on aging cells in general and began by examining the IMR-90. Indeed, this cell strain was also found to show higher indices with increased population doubling levels 2 .
A multiorganism pipeline for antiseizure drug discovery: Identification of chlorothymol as a novel γ‐aminobutyric acidergic anticonvulsant (2020)

These findings establish a multiorganism approach that can identify compounds with evolutionarily conserved molecular targets and translational potential, and so may be useful in drug discovery for epilepsy and possibly other conditions.
Effect of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine and short wavelength light on in vivo retinal function and structure in mouse eyes (2022)

HCQ and CQ treatment has acute effects on both retinal structure and function, effects that were not exacerbated by short wavelength light exposure. Whether chronic short wavelength light exposure exacerbates these changes require further study.
A system of optical design: the basics of image assessment and of design techniques with a survey of current lens types (1964)

A system of optical design: the basics of image assessment and of design techniques with a survey of current lens types , A system of optical design: the basics of image assessment and of design techniques with a survey of... , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Molecular diversity and function of jasmintides from Jasminum sambac (2018)

Together, this study expands the existing library of jasmintides and furthers our understanding of the molecular diversity and cystine framework of CRPs as scaffolds and tools for engineering peptides targeting pests.
Critical Effects of the Polarity Change in Delayed States Within an LTI Dynamics With Multiple Delays (2015)

This note concerns the polarity inversion of the delayed states in linear time-invariant multiple time delay systems (LTI-MTDS). To start with, for such systems the assessment of asymptotic stability is complicated due to the infinite dimensionality introduced by the delays. It is shown that the mentioned polarity inversion influences the respective delay-dependent stability maps in interesting ways. There are some intriguing invariant characteristics and correspondences between the original and inverted systems, which form the primary contributions of this note. These findings are shown to be the enabling features to relate the stability maps of the two systems. The Cluster Treatment of Characteristic Roots (CTCR) paradigm is utilized to identify these features. An example case study is provided to illustrate the claims.
Role Models: Mining Role Transitions Data in IT Project Management (2016)

The notion of roles is crucial in project management across various domains. A role indicates a broad set of tasks, activities, deliverables and responsibilities that the person needs to carry out within a project. Assigning roles to team members clarifies the expectations of work items to be delivered by each and structures the interactions of the team among themselves as well as with external stakeholders. This paper analyzes a sizeable real-life dataset regarding the actual usage of roles in software development and maintenance projects in a large multinational IT organization. The paper introduces and formalizes concepts such as seniority level of a role, career progression and career lines, formulates various business questions related to role-based project management, proposes analytics techniques to answer them and outlines the actual results produced to answer the business questions. The business questions are related to dependencies between roles, patterns in role assignments and durations, predicting role changes, discovering insights useful for meeting career aspirations, interesting role sequences etc. The proposed analytics algorithms are based on Markov models, sequence mining, classification and survival analysis.
Microstrip bandpass filter using one single patch resonator with two transmission zeros (2003)

A novel compact and simple microstrip patch bandpass filter structure using only one resonator is presented. This filter has two transmission zeros on both sides of the passband. Without coupling gaps, the new filter can reduce uncertainty in fabrication. Simulated results agree well with measured results.
The Interpretation of the Opera Die Zauberflöte, K.620 Focused on Psychosexual Development (2019)

Freud wrote that art is the product of the conscience of an artist. He interpreted artistic works in psychoanalytic ways, such as “Leonardo da Vinci and a Memory of His Childhood.” Ever since Freud’s traditional view, several overtures have been made to ap- proach works of art based on the psychoanalytical developmental theory. Authors analyzed Mozart’s opera titled “The Magic Flute” relative to psycho-sexual developmental perspectives. The main character of the opera, Pamina is not independent from the queen of the night, meaning that Pamina manifests a paranoid-schizoid condition. She is mired in a dyadic relationship between mother and daughter, and the queen of the night embodies a ‘bad mother representation.’ Pamina meets Tamino and could start to make an effort to be independent from the dyadic relationship. For Pamina, it is difficult for her to escape from the trapped developmental process, because of various reasons. While it is difficult for Pamina to escape from the trapped developmental process, Tamino plays the role of a trigger for Pamina to move forward to the next process. The authors interpret Tamino as an Oedipal triggering object which could enable Pamina to escape from the dyadic relationship. A magic flute symbolizes a magical fantasy that keep Tamino and Pamina safe in process of three missions. We think that magic and fantasy could play an important role after the Oedipal or adolescent period when a person engages in developmental stages. In conclusion, the opera “The Magic Flute” has various meanings from a developmental perspective and shows the separation-individualization of a child, Oedipus complex, magical fantasy, and development of ego function.
Long-term vitamin A supplementation in a preclinical mouse model forRhoD190N-associated retinitis pigmentosa (2022)

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is caused by one of many possible gene mutations. The National Institutes of Health recommends high daily doses of vitamin A palmitate for RP patients. There is a critical knowledge gap surrounding the therapeutic applicability of vitamin A to patients with the different subtypes of the disease. Here, we present a case report of a patient with RP caused by a p.D190N mutation in Rhodopsin (RHO) associated with abnormally high quantitative autofluorescence values after long-term vitamin A supplementation. We investigated the effects of vitamin A treatment strategy on RP caused by the p.D190N mutation in RHO by exposing Rhodopsin p.D190N (RhoD190N/+) and wild-type (WT) mice to experimental vitamin A-supplemented and standard control diets. The patient's case suggests that the vitamin A treatment strategy should be further studied to determine its effect on RP caused by p.D190N mutation in RHO and other mutations. Our mouse experiments revealed that RhoD190N/+ mice on the vitamin A diet exhibited higher levels of autofluorescence and lipofuscin metabolites compared to WT mice on the same diet and isogenic controls on the standard control diet. Vitamin A supplementation diminished photoreceptor function in RhoD190N/+ mice while preserving cone response in WT mice. Our findings highlight the importance of more investigations into the efficacy of clinical treatments like vitamin A for patients with certain genetic subtypes of disease and of genotyping in the precision care of inherited retinal degenerations.
IL-21 Regulates the Differentiation of a Human γδ T Cell Subset Equipped with B Cell Helper Activity (2012)

Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes recognize nonpeptidic antigens without presentation by MHC molecules and display pleiotropic features. Here we report that coculture of Vγ9Vδ2 cells with phosphoantigen and IL-21 leads to selective expression of the transcription repressor Bcl-6 and polarization toward a lymphocyte subset displaying features of follicular B-helper T (T(FH)) cells. T(FH)-like Vγ9Vδ2 cells have a predominant central memory (CD27(+)CD45RA(-)) phenotype and express ICOS, CD40L and CXCR5. Upon antigen activation, they secrete IL-4, IL-10 and CXCL13, and provide B-cell help for antibody production in vitro. Our findings delineate a subset of human Vγ9Vδ2 lymphocytes, which, upon interaction with IL-21-producing CD4 T(FH) cells and B cells in secondary lymphoid organs, is implicated in the production of high affinity antibodies against microbial pathogens.
Transcriptional Changes in the Brains of Cattle Orally Infected with the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Agent Precede Detection of Infectivity (2009)

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a fatal, transmissible, neurodegenerative disease of cattle. BSE can be transmitted experimentally between cattle through the oral route, and in this study, brain tissue samples from animals at different time points postinoculation were analyzed for changes in gene expression. The aims of this study were to identify differentially regulated genes during the progression of BSE using microarray-based gene expression profiling and to understand the effect of prion pathogenesis on gene expression. A total of 114 genes were found to be differentially regulated over the time course of the infection, and many of these 114 genes encode proteins involved in immune response, apoptosis, cell adhesion, stress response, and transcription. This study also revealed a broad correlation between gene expression profiles and the progression of BSE in cattle. At 21 months postinoculation, the largest number of differentially regulated genes was detected, suggesting that there are many pathogenic processes in the animal brain even prior to the detection of infectivity in the central nervous systems of these orally infected cattle. Moreover, evidence is presented to suggest that it is possible to predict the infectious status of animals using the expression profiles from this study.
Review of phosphate methodologies. (1976)

A description of the extensive literature on the methodologies for the determination of serum phosphate has been reviewed. The evolution of the various phases of the analytical techniques developed in the last century leading to the simplified, sensitive and accurate procedures of the present have been presented in some detail. A procedure involving a simple direct reaction for the determination of inorganic phosphate in serum using ascorbic acid as a reducing agent and a citrate-arsenite mixture as a stabilizing-sensitizing reagent, all in a semi-aqueous medium containing dimethysulfoxide and the detergent Teepol 610 is recommended. Jaundice and mild hemolysis are noninterferencts and turbidity from severe lipemia is easily overcome by reversing the sequence in which reagents are added because citrate binds molybdate in preference to phosphate. Thus, the serum blank and the reacted serum are identical in makeup thereby yielding an idealized correction for irrelevant absorption. Reaction characteristics and potential errors are included in the discussion of the procedure.
Angiogenic activity of an enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and EMD-derived proteins: an experimental study in mice (2010)

EMD parent, recombinant porcine amelogenin and certain pools of EMD proteins induced significant angiogenesis compared with the controls using a standardized in vivo assay.
The Cost-Effectiveness of Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient Monitoring in the Prevention of Recurrent Variceal Hemorrhage (2004)

Compared to EBL for the secondary prophylaxis of variceal rebleeding, combination medical therapy guided by HVPG monitoring is more effective and only marginally more expensive.
Influence of Age on the Lips and Perioral Skin (2004)

Both lips are different in terms of dryness. Inversely to their surface pattern, their dimensions are markedly changed with age. The time of apparition of vertical wrinkles suggests a possible influence of hormones.