gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-6 production in a murine model of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: relation to resistance and inflammatory response (1993)

The production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its possible relationship to host resistance and inflammatory response to Pneumocystis carinii infection were examined in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID mice). IL-6 activity was detected in the serum and lungs of P. carinii-infected mice but not in mice free of P. carinii. Moreover, the IL-6 levels in P. carinii-infected mice increased markedly after spleen cell reconstitution but then decreased to an undetectable level after the clearance of P. carinii. However, neutralization of IL-6 activity in spleen cell-reconstituted SCID mice by treatment with anti-IL-6 immunoglobulin G (IgG) resulted in no significant effect on the clearance of P. carinii (P > 0.05). Both the serum and lungs of treated mice contained an excess amount of anti-IL-6 IgG and lacked detectable IL-6. These results suggest that failure to inhibit the P. carinii clearance by anti-IL-6 treatment was not due to insufficient administration of antibody or incomplete neutralization of IL-6 activity. However, compared with mice receiving rat control IgG, mice treated with anti-IL-6 IgG had significantly higher numbers of neutrophils and lymphocytes (particularly CD8+ cells) in the lung lavage fluids (P < 0.05 for both) at day 19 after reconstitution. In addition, the levels of both total IgG (P < 0.001) and P. carinii-specific antibodies (P < 0.05) in the serum of mice treated with anti-IL-6 were significantly higher than those in control mice. These results indicate that although P. carinii infection causes both local and systemic production of IL-6 in SCID mice, IL-6 does not appear to play a crucial role in the clearance of P. carinii. However, it appears that during resolution of P. carinii pneumonia, IL-6 plays a role in the regulation of pulmonary inflammation and antibody responses.
Early onset of fatty liver in growth‐restricted rat fetuses and newborns (2011)

Intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) newborns have increased risk of adult metabolic syndrome, including fatty liver. However, it is unclear whether the fatty liver development is "programmed" or secondary to the accompanying obesity. In this study, we examined hepatic lipid accumulation and lipid-regulatory factors (sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and fatty acid synthase) in IUGR and Control fetal (embryonic day 20; e20) and newborn (postnatal day 1; p1) rat pups. Notably, despite of in utero undernutrition state, IUGR fetuses demonstrated "fatty liver" with upregulation of these lipogenic indices at as early as e20. Both IUGR and Control newborns exhibited the same extent of massive increase in hepatic lipid content, whereas IUGR newborns continued to exhibit upregulated lipogenic indices. The persistent upregulation of the lipogenic indices in fetal and newborn IUGR suggests that fatty liver is gestationally programmed. Our study suggested that IUGR offspring were born with an altered metabolic life strategy of increased fuel/lipid storage which could be a distinct metabolic pathway of the thrifty phenotype.
Variant cDNAs encoding proteins similar to the α subunit of chicken CapZ (1991)

Chicken adult muscle and liver cDNA libraries were screened with a cDNA, alpha 1, previously isolated from a chicken embryo library by screening with antibodies against the alpha subunit of chicken CapZ. cDNAs with a new coding region, called alpha 2, were found in addition to ones with the alpha 1 coding region. alpha 2 predicts a protein sequence that matches exactly the N-terminal sequence of 5 peptides prepared from CapZ alpha purified from chicken muscle, while the protein sequence predicted by alpha 1 matches the peptides well, but not exactly. The predicted protein sequences of alpha 1 and alpha 2 are very similar to each other, and they are similar to those of the alpha subunit of capping protein from Dictyostelium [Hartmann et al., J. Biol. Chem. 163:5254-5254, 1989] and an actin-binding protein from Xenopus [Ankenbauer et al., Nature 342:822-824, 1989]. Other conserved features of the predicted primary and secondary structures are noted. Chicken alpha 1 and alpha 2 are transcribed in all of 7 adult chicken muscle and non-muscle tissues in comparable amounts by Northern analysis. alpha 2 has four poly(A)+RNA transcripts, one of which is rare in liver. alpha 1 has two transcripts. alpha 1 and alpha 2 are encoded by different single-copy genes by Southern analysis of chicken genomic DNA.
MCT1 regulates aggressive and metabolic phenotypes in bladder cancer (2018)

<b>Background:</b> Monocarboxylate transporter isoform 1 (MCT1) is an important molecule in mediating lactate transportation. Recent studies have shown an oncogenic role of MCT1 in cancer development. <b>Methods:</b> In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression and role of MCT1 in bladder cancer (BCa). MCT1 expression was detected in 124 BCa tissues and their clinicopathological significance was analyzed. We also used The Cancer Genome Atlas database to explore the prognostic association of MCT1 with BCa. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion assays were performed on BCa cells in which MCT1 was downregulated. The effect of MCT1 on BCa cell aerobic glycolysis, as well as its association with HIF-1α, was tested. <b>Results:</b> We found that high MCT1 expression correlated with lymph node and distant metastasis. Patients with high-MCT1 expression showed shorter overall survival than those with low-MCT1 expression. Knockdown of MCT1 inhibited BCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and affected expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition related proteins. Downregulation of MCT1 decreased lactate levels in cell medium, as well as HK2, GLUT1 and LDHB expression. In addition, MCT1 expression was partly dependent on HIF-1α. <b>Conclusions:</b> Taken together, our study has shown a prognostic role of MCT1 in BCa, and provided potential diagnostic and therapeutic options for BCa patients.
Metamaterial apertures for coherent computational imaging on the physical layer (2013)

We introduce the concept of a metamaterial aperture, in which an underlying reference mode interacts with a designed metamaterial surface to produce a series of complex field patterns. The resonant frequencies of the metamaterial elements are randomly distributed over a large bandwidth (18-26 GHz), such that the aperture produces a rapidly varying sequence of field patterns as a function of the input frequency. As the frequency of operation is scanned, different subsets of metamaterial elements become active, in turn varying the field patterns at the scene. Scene information can thus be indexed by frequency, with the overall effectiveness of the imaging scheme tied to the diversity of the generated field patterns. As the quality (Q-) factor of the metamaterial resonators increases, the number of distinct field patterns that can be generated increases-improving scene estimation. In this work we provide the foundation for computational imaging with metamaterial apertures based on frequency diversity, and establish that for resonators with physically relevant Q-factors, there are potentially enough distinct measurements of a typical scene within a reasonable bandwidth to achieve diffraction-limited reconstructions of physical scenes.
Optical Characteristics of ZnCuInS/ZnS (Core/Shell) Nanocrystal Flexible Films Under X-Ray Excitation (2019)

The aim of this article is to evaluate optical characteristics, such as the intrinsic conversion efficiency and the inherent light propagation efficiency of three polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/methyl methacrylate (MMA) composite ZnCuInS/ZnS (core/shell) nanocrystal flexible films. The concentrations of these were 100 mg/mL, 150 mg/mL, and 250 mg/mL, respectively. Composite films were prepared by homogeneously diluting dry powder quantum dot (QD) samples in toluene and subsequently mixing these with a PMMA/MMA polymer solution. The absolute luminescence efficiency (AE) of the films was measured using X-ray excitation. A theoretical model describing the optical photon propagation in scintillator materials was used to calculate the fraction of the generated optical photons passed through the different material layers. Finally, the intrinsic conversion efficiency was calculated by considering the QD quantum yield and the optical photon emission spectrum.
Identification, Tracking and Visualization of Platelets in Intravital Microscopy (2010)

Intravital microscopy permits observation of live events in intact tissues to study a variety of issues, including quantifying cell-vessel wall interactions. The analysis of the parameters is labor-intensive, subjective and limited to broad categories of blood cell-vessel wall interactions. We are developing an algorithmic approach that aids in analysis, automatically and objectively detects and tracks platelets, and expands information derived from such videos. We integrate computer vision and break the identification, tracking and visualization into steps. We enable simple and computationally efficient means of eliminating movement within a video based on positively shifting of an identified feature and visualize platelet paths.
Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding human cardiolipin synthase (hCLS1) (2006)

Cardiolipin (CL) is a phospholipid localized to the mitochondria, and its biosynthesis is essential for mitochondrial structure and function. We report here the identification and characterization of a cDNA encoding the first mammalian cardiolipin synthase (CLS1) in humans and mice. This cDNA exhibits sequence homology with members of a CLS gene family that share similar domain structure and chemical properties. Expression of the human CLS (hCLS1) cDNA in reticulocyte lysates or insect cells led to a marked increase in CLS activity. The enzyme is specific for CL synthesis, because no significant increase in phosphatidylglycerol phosphate synthase activity was observed. In addition, CL pool size was increased in hCLS1-overexpressing cells compared with controls. Furthermore, the hCLS1 gene was highly expressed in tissues such as heart, skeletal muscle, and liver, which have been shown to have high CLS activities. These results demonstrate that hCLS1 encodes an enzyme that synthesizes CL.
OperatorNet: Recovering 3D Shapes From Difference Operators (2019)

This paper proposes a learning-based framework for reconstructing 3D shapes from functional operators, compactly encoded as small-sized matrices. To this end we introduce a novel neural architecture, called OperatorNet, which takes as input a set of linear operators representing a shape and produces its 3D embedding. We demonstrate that this approach significantly outperforms previous purely geometric methods for the same problem. Furthermore, we introduce a novel functional operator, which encodes the extrinsic or pose-dependent shape information, and thus complements purely intrinsic pose-oblivious operators, such as the classical Laplacian. Coupled with this novel operator, our reconstruction network achieves very high reconstruction accuracy, even in the presence of incomplete information about a shape, given a soft or functional map expressed in a reduced basis. Finally, we demonstrate that the multiplicative functional algebra enjoyed by these operators can be used to synthesize entirely new unseen shapes, in the context of shape interpolation and shape analogy applications.
GPS Accuracy for Tree Scouting and Other Horticultural Uses (2009)

Revised! AE438, a 7-page illustrated fact sheet by Reza Ehsani, Sherrie Buchanon, and Masoud Salyani, provides citrus producers using GPS for citrus greening disease scouting with some simple explanations of the causes of GPS error and the level of accuracy that can be expected from different classes of GPS receivers. Published by the UF Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, January 2009. Revised October 2009.
Intelligent energy audit and machine management for energy-efficient manufacturing (2011)

To reduce energy consumption for sustainable and energy-efficient manufacturing, a good understanding of the dynamic energy consumption patterns on the manufacturing shop floor is essential. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to address the challenge of missing operation context information during in-situ energy data measurement. Finite-State Machines (FSMs) are used to model the engineering processes, and a two-stage framework for online classification of real time energy measurement data in terms of machine operation states is proposed for energy audit and machine management. The first stage uses advanced signal processing techniques to reduce noise while preserving important features, and the second stage uses intelligent pattern recognition algorithms to cluster energy consumption patterns. Our proposed two-stage framework is evaluated on an industrial injection moulding system using a Savizky-Golay (SG) filter and a Neural Network (NN), and our experimental results show a 95.85% accuracy in identification of machine operation states.
B Cell Linker Protein (BLNK) Is a Selective Target of Repression by PAX5-PML Protein in the Differentiation Block That Leads to the Development of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2015)

PAX5 is a transcription factor that is required for the development and maintenance of B cells. Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) is a tumor suppressor and proapoptotic factor. The fusion gene PAX5-PML has been identified in acute lymphoblastic leukemia with chromosomal translocation t(9;15)(p13;q24). We have reported previously that PAX5-PML dominant-negatively inhibited PAX5 transcriptional activity and impaired PML function by disrupting PML nuclear bodies (NBs). Here we demonstrated the leukemogenicity of PAX5-PML by introducing it into normal mouse pro-B cells. Arrest of differentiation was observed in PAX5-PML-introduced pro-B cells, resulting in the development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia after a long latency in mice. Among the transactivation targets of PAX5, B cell linker protein (BLNK) was repressed selectively in leukemia cells, and enforced BLNK expression abrogated the differentiation block and survival induced by PAX5-PML, indicating the importance of BLNK repression for the formation of preleukemic state. We also showed that PML NBs were intact in leukemia cells and attributed this to the low expression of PAX5-PML, indicating that the disruption of PML NBs was not required for the PAX5-PML-induced onset of leukemia. These results provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the onset of leukemia by PAX5 mutations.
An intersection seam between the ground state of ozone and an excited state of like symmetrya) (1990)

An intersection seam between the ground state of O3 and its first excited state of the same symmetry 1A′ in Cs, 1A1 in C2v) has been found by ab initio calculations in the neighborhood of the transition state between the ring and open equilibrium structures of the ground state.
Study on Mn(III)‐Salen and Catalysis for Styrene Oxidation (2008)

In this paper, three Mn(III)‐Salen complexes are synthesized and their catalytic activity for styrene oxidation were studied. Four Shifft‐basa are prepared by condensation of salicylaldehyde or its derivatives with diamine, then chelated with Mn and formed into Mn(III)‐Salen complexes. Their chemical structures are characterized by IR, UV, etc. Furthermore, the catalytic activities of the Salen compounds for styrene oxidation with oxygen are primarily explored. The experiments show that among them, Mn(III)‐Salen‐2 is the most excellent catalyst for styrene oxidation with high conversion of styrene (77.1%) and selectivity of benzaldehyde (90.4%).
Composition-Dependent Morphology of Bi- and Trimetallic Phosphides: Construction of Amorphous Pd–Cu–Ni–P Nanoparticles as a Selective and Versatile Catalyst (2017)

Amorphous materials have been widely researched in heterogeneous catalysis and for next-generation batteries. However, the well-defined production of high-quality (e.g., monodisperse and high surface area) amorphous alloy nanomaterials has rarely been reported. In this work, we investigated the correlations among the composition, morphology, and catalysis of various Pd-M-P nanoparticles (NPs) (M = Cu or Ni), which indicated that less Cu (≤20 atom %) was necessary for the formation of an amorphous morphology. The amorphous Pd-Cu-Ni-P NPs were fabricated with a controllable size and characterized carefully, which show excellent selective catalysis in the semihydrogenation of alkynes, hydrogenation of quinoline, and oxidation of primary alcohols. The uniqueness of the catalytic performance was confirmed by control experiments with monometallic Pd, amorphous Pd-Ni-P NPs, crystalline Pd-Cu-P NPs, and a crystalline counterpart of Pd-Cu-Ni-P catalyst. The catalytic selectivity likely arose from improved Pd-M (M = Cu or Ni) synergistic effects in the amorphous phase and the electron deficiency of Pd. The model reactions proceeded under H<sub>2</sub> or O<sub>2</sub> gas without any additives, bases, or metal oxide supports, and the catalyst could be reused several times. This report is expected to shed light on the design of amorphous alloy nanomaterials as green and inexpensive catalysts for atom-economic and selective reactions.
Relating Structural and Thermodynamic Effects of the Pb(II) Lone Pair:  A New Picolinate Ligand Designed to Accommodate the Pb(II) Lone Pair Leads to High Stability and Selectivity (2007)

The crystal and molecular structure and the stability of lead and calcium complexes of two chelates containing picolinate chelating groups in different geometries have been investigated in order to relate the ligand affinity and selectivity for lead over calcium with the ability of the ligand to accommodate a stereochemically active lone pair. The crystal structures of the lead complexes of the diprotonated and monoprotonated tripodal ligand tpaa2- show that the three picolinate arms of the tripodal ligand coordinate the lead in an asymmetric way leaving a gap in the coordination sphere to accommodate the lead lone pair. As a consequence of this binding mode, one picolinate arm is very weakly bound and therefore can be expected to contribute very little to the complex stability. Conversely, the geometry of the dipodal ligand H2dpaea is designed to accommodate the lead lone pair; in the structure of the [Pb(dpaea)] complex the donor atoms of the ligand occupy only a quarter of the coordination sphere, reducing the sterical interaction between the lead lone pair with respect to the H3tpaa complexes. As a result, in the lead structures of H2dpaea all the ligand donor atoms are strongly bound to the metal ion leading to increased stability. The high value of the formation constant measured for the lead complex of the dipodal dpaea2- (log beta11(Pb)=12.1(3)) compared to the lower value found for the one of the tripodal tpaa3- (log beta11(Pb)=10.0(1)) provides direct evidence of the influence of the stereochemically active lead lone pair on complex stability. As a result, since the ligand geometry has little effect on the stability of the calcium complex, a remarkable increase in the Pb/Ca selectivity is observed for dpaea-(10(6.6)) compared to tpaa3- (10(1.5)), making the dipodal ligand a good candidate for application as extracting agent for the lead removal from contaminated water.
Palladium catalyzed ethylene‐carbon monoxide alternating copolymerization (1992)

Abstract A new [(PPh 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 PPh 2 )Pd(CH 3 CN) 2 ](BF 4 ) 2 /CH 3 OH catalyst for olefin/carbon monoxide alternating copolymerization has been found which is far more active and more stable than previous monodente phosphine Pd catalysts. Methanol is a coinitiator as well as a chain transfer agent. Protonic acid is not a coinitiator but causes chain transfers. In the absence of methanol, the copolymerization was characterized by long induction period and slow rate © 1992 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: PROTONATION OF SOME ARENES IN AN APROTIC MEDIUM (1979)

Abstract In sorgfältig gereinigtem, wasserfreiem Medium wird Anthracen (I) durch SbCl 3 , dessen Oxidationsstärke durch AlCl 3 vergrößert wurde, zunächst zum Kation oxidiert, das sich mit weiterem Anthraoen (I) disproportioniert nach folgender Gesamtstöchiometrie: 6 (I) + 4/3 SbCl 3 ‐ 4 (II)+(III) + 4/3 Sb.
Analysis of Biomolecules by Atmospheric Pressure Visible-Wavelength MALDI-Ion Trap-MS in Transmission Geometry (2013)

We report the development of a new AP visible-wavelength MALDI-ion trap-MS instrument with significantly improved performance over our previously reported system (Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 315, 66-73 (2012)). A Nd:YAG pulsed laser emitting light at 532 nm was used to desorb and ionize oligosaccharides and peptides in transmission geometry through a glass slide. Limits of detection (LODs) achieved in MS mode correspond to picomole quantities of oligosaccharides and femtomole quantities of peptides. Tandem MS (MS/MS) experiments enabled identification of enzymatically digested proteins and oligosaccharides by comparison of MS/MS spectra with data found in protein and glycan databases. Moreover, the softness of ionization, LODs, and fragmentation spectra of biomolecules by AP visible-wavelength MALDI-MS were compared to those obtained by AP UV MALDI-MS using a Nd:YAG laser emitting light at 355 nm. AP visible-wavelength MALDI appears to be a softer ionization technique then AP UV MALDI for the analysis of sulfated peptides, while visible-wavelength MALDI-MS, MS/MS, and MS/MS/MS spectra of other biomolecules analyzed were mostly similar to those obtained by AP UV MALDI-MS. Therefore, the methodology presented will be useful for MS and MS(n) analyses of biomolecules at atmospheric pressure. Additionally, the AP visible-wavelength MALDI developed can be readily used for soft ionization of analytes on various mass spectrometers.
Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 1 Regulates Lysosome-Dependent Type I Collagen Protein Degradation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (2010)

These data demonstrate that PDE1C regulates soluble adenylyl cyclase/cAMP signaling and lysosome-mediated collagen I protein degradation, and they suggest that PDE1C plays a critical role in regulating collagen homeostasis during pathological vascular remodeling.
Figure S3 from Genotoxic Damage Activates the AMPK-α1 Isoform in the Nucleus via Ca<sup>2+</sup>/CaMKK2 Signaling to Enhance Tumor Cell Survival (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3: Low concentrations of etoposide activates nuclear AMPK in HEK-293 cells with DNA damage.&lt;/p&gt;
Limits of the ‘Mini-Mental State’ as a screening test for dementia and delirium among hospital patients (1982)

With a psychiatrist's standardized clinical diagnosis as the criterion, the 'Mini-Mental State' Examination (MMSE) was 87% sensitive and 82% specific in detecting dementia and delirium among hospital patients on a general medical ward. The false positive ratio was 39% and the false negative ratio was 5%. All false positives had less than 9 years of education; many were 60 years of age or older. Performance on specific MMSE items was related to education or age. These findings confirm the MMSE's value as a screen instrument for dementia and delirium when later, more intensive diagnostic enquiry is possible; they reinforce earlier suggestions that the MMSE alone cannot yield a diagnosis for these conditions.
The Fate of Hypochlorous Acid During Shrimp Processing: A Model System (1982)

ABSTRACT After immersion of shrimp in a 100mg/L solution of HO 36 Cl, the distribution and chemical forms of chlorine were determined. There was a 2–5% loss of Cl 2 into the atmosphere, but no significan photolysis of HOCl was measured during the 30 min of treatment. More than 80% of the HOCl reacted during the incubation period, forming Cl ‐ or incorporating into organic molecules. Only 1–3% 36 Cl ‐ was incorporated into the shrimp. Organic molecules in the immersion solution also showed 36 Cl incorporation; the 10,000 × g precipitable fraction contained 2–5% 36 Cl and the soluble organic fraction 1–2% 36 Cl.