gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Student research award in the graduate degree candidate category, 17th annual meeting of the society for biomaterials, scottsdale, AZ may 1–5,1991. A mechanical investigation of fluorapatite, magnesiumwhitlockite, and hydroxylapatite plasma‐sprayed coatings in goats (1991)

Ceramic coatings of fluorapatite (FA), magnesiumwhitlockite (MW), and hydroxylapatite (HA), and noncoated Ti-6Al-4V alloy (Ti) implants were evaluated before and after implantation in an animal study. Cylindrical plugs were coated by plasma-spraying with FA, MW, and HA. X-ray-diffraction patterns showed for FA and HA a crystalline and for MW an amorphous-crystalline coating structure. The plugs were implanted into the right femora and left humeri of 16 adult goats. Follow-up periods were 12 and 25 weeks. The in vivo results were evaluated using push-out tests and scanning electron microscopy. There were significant differences in push-out strengths between femur and humerus. The FA and HA implants showed significantly higher push-out strengths than the MW and Ti alloy implants, especially for the 12 week follow-up period. Furthermore, at 12 weeks, MW showed significantly lower push-out strengths than Ti alloy. SEM-investigation of the interfaces revealed that FA did not degrade while both MW and HA showed extensive degradation at 12 and 25 weeks. In addition, the interface after push-out testing showed for the MW, HA, and Ti alloy implants to be fractured at the implant-tissue interface and for the FA to be fractured at the coating-titanium interface.
Geographic information systems (1998)

This article provides an introduction to GIS technology and its applications, and describes a few examples of how GIS is used in libraries and other information-based organizations
Subendomyocardial exhaustion of blood flow reserve and increased fibrosis in conscious dogs with heart failure. (1989)

The effects of near-maximal coronary vasodilation were examined in conscious dogs with left ventricular (LV) failure after pressure overload hypertrophy induced by either aortic banding alone or aortic banding plus a peripheral arteriovenous shunt. The findings were compared with results in littermates with compensated LV hypertrophy and with a third group of normal dogs. At rest, there was a marked difference in the intramyocardial distribution of coronary flow, measured with radiolabeled microspheres. The endocardial/epicardial (endo/epi) flow ratio in the LV failure dogs was 0.96 +/- 0.08 as compared with control dogs (1.28 +/- 0.06, p less than 0.05) or dogs with compensated LV hypertrophy (1.23 +/- 0.08, p less than 0.05). During near-maximal coronary vasodilation with adenosine, all groups showed similar increases in subepimyocardial (epi) flow. While significant increases in subendomyocardial (endo) flow during adenosine infusion were seen in the control group (0.88 +/- 0.10 to 3.53 +/- 0.24 ml/min/g) and in dogs with compensated LV hypertrophy (1.12 +/- 0.14 to 3.60 +/- 0.16 ml/min/g), there was no change in endo flow in the LV failure dogs (1.55 +/- 0.20 to 1.71 +/- 0.47 ml/min/g) and a further significant reduction in the endo/epi flow ratio was observed (0.30 +/- 0.06, p less than 0.01). These hemodynamic changes were associated with chronic multifocal interstitial or discrete areas of fibrosis observed preferentially in endo layers. Thus, endo flow reserve is nearly exhausted in dogs with decompensated pressure overload LV hypertrophy, which may induced periodic episodes of endo ischemia resulting in myocyte necrosis and fibrosis, which in turn results in exacerbation of LV failure.
The effect of cellulose degradation on the strength of wood pulp fibres (1992)

The relationship between fibre strength loss and cellulose degree of polymerization (D.P.) was examined for different pulps and chemical treatments in an effort to understand the cause of fibre strength loss a high -cellulose contents. Is was found that the decrease in fibre strength is caused by the degradation of cellulose. The nature of the degradation process controls the extent of the strength loss. Homogeneous and random degradation causes little strength loss, but localized degradation weakens fibres significantly. The intermediate stages of acid sulphite cooking, the final stages of kraft cooking combined with mechanical damage, treatments with cellulase enzymes or with liquid-phase hydrochloric acid all cause localized degradation resulting in a significant weakening of fibres.
Isolation and Characterization of Poly(glycosyl)ceramides (Megaloglycolipids) with A, H and I Blood‐Group Activities (1976)

Very complex glycosphingolipids with A, H and I blood-group activities were isolated from human erythrocyte membranes. The membranes were obtained from erythrocytes of blood group A, A2 and O respectively. A general formula for the antigens is: (Fuc)3-4(Gal)n(LlcNAc)n-2(Glc)1(Sphingosine)1(where Fus is fucose, Gal is galactose, GlcNAc is N-acetylglucosamine and Glc is glucose) with values of n ranging from 10-27. A-active preparations contain additionally 2-3 residues of N-acetylgalactosamine. In view of the unusual complexity of these compounds they were designated poly(glycosyl)ceramides (formerly megaloglycolipids). Individual poly(glycosyl)ceramide fractions were isolated from A erythrocytes and were found to differ by about 8 glycosyl residues per molecule forming a series of compounds with 22, 30, 38, 51 and 59 glycosyl residues per mole. Structural studies indicate that the main sequence of poly(glycosyl)ceramides consists of the residues of galactopyranose and 2-deoxy-2-acetamidoglucopyranose substituted at 3 and 4 position respectively. These residues are probably alternating. N-Acdtylglucosamine substituted at 3 position was not found in poly(glycosyl)ceramides. Brances of poly(glycosyl)ceramides originate from 3 and 6 position of galactopyranosyl residues. The number of branches is proportional to the degree of molecular complexity. In poly(glycosyl)ceramides isolated from A and A2 erythrocytes the branches are terminated with the following structures GalNAc alpha 1 leads to 3 [Fuc alpha 1 leads to 2] Gal; Fuc alpha 1 leads to 2 Gal and Gal (presumably Gal beta 1 leads to 4 GlcNAc). In poly(glycosyl)ceramides from A cells the total number of A and H-active structures per average molecule of 30-35 glycosyl residues amounts to 2.1 and 1.2 respectively while the number of terminal galactose structures is 1.8. For poly(glycosyl)ceramides from A2 erythrocytes the corresponding figures are 0.75, 3.5, and 2.1 respectively. Poly(glycosyl)ceramides from O cells comprise about 3.8 H-active structures and 1.8 terminal galactopyranosyl residues. In poly(glycosyl)ceramides with high "n" values the number of terminal galactose structures is increased. These fractions display high blood-group I activity. However, the removal of terminal galactose with beta-galactosidase affects I-activity only slightly.
Production of Cellulase-Free Polygalacturonase Preparation bySclerotium rolfsiifor Bioscouring of Cotton (2006)

SUMMARY Cultivation media for the production of both a cellulase containing and a cellulase-free polygalacturonase (PG) preparation by a highly productive strain of Sclerotium rolfsii (CBS 350.80) were developed. These enzyme preparations both contained a PG activity higher than 500 IUmL−1 and were applied in a bioscouring sequence of knitted cotton at various activity levels. The progress of bioscouring was evaluated by weight loss, water absorption time and determination of residual pectin. Released sugars have been determined and compared to bioscouring effects. No significant differences among the tested preparations were obtained for water absorption and pectin removal. However, considerably higher weight losses were observed for the preparations containing cellulase. A minimal enzyme dosage of 100 IUg−1 cotton was necessary to achieve suitable scouring results under the applied conditions.
Spontaneous Enhancement of the Power Output in Surface-Passivated Triple-Cation Perovskite Solar Cells (2020)

The power conversion efficiency of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been reported to increase spontaneously during storage in the dark and reaches its maximum sometimes only after several days. In most cases, an increased open-circuit voltage contributes to enhanced efficiency. This work investigates the role of surface passivation, in a form of 2D/3D perovskite heterostructures, at the hole extracting side of a triple-cation PSC in the spontaneous enhancement. Our observations demonstrate that spontaneous enhancement occurs for surface-passivated devices and therefore rule out surface passivation mechanisms initiating the spontaneous enhancement.
Association of warfarin dose with genes involved in its action and metabolism (2006)

We report an extensive study of variability in genes encoding proteins that are believed to be involved in the action and biotransformation of warfarin. Warfarin is a commonly prescribed anticoagulant that is difficult to use because of the wide interindividual variation in dose requirements, the narrow therapeutic range and the risk of serious bleeding. We genotyped 201 patients for polymorphisms in 29 genes in the warfarin interactive pathways and tested them for association with dose requirement. In our study, polymorphisms in or flanking the genes VKORC1, CYP2C9, CYP2C18, CYP2C19, PROC, APOE, EPHX1, CALU, GGCX and ORM1-ORM2 and haplotypes of VKORC1, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, PROC, F7, GGCX, PROZ, F9, NR1I2 and ORM1-ORM2 were associated with dose (P < 0.05). VKORC1, CYP2C9, CYP2C18 and CYP2C19 were significant after experiment-wise correction for multiple testing (P < 0.000175), however, the association of CYP2C18 and CYP2C19 was fully explained by linkage disequilibrium with CYP2C9*2 and/or *3. PROC and APOE were both significantly associated with dose after correction within each gene. A multiple regression model with VKORC1, CYP2C9, PROC and the non-genetic predictors age, bodyweight, drug interactions and indication for treatment jointly accounted for 62% of variance in warfarin dose. Weaker associations observed for other genes could explain up to approximately 10% additional dose variance, but require testing and validation in an independent and larger data set. Translation of this knowledge into clinical guidelines for warfarin prescription will be likely to have a major impact on the safety and efficacy of warfarin.
Signal ampflication using nanoplatform cluster formation (2008)

Multifunctional nanoplatforms are being developed for targeted delivery of imaging and therapeutic agents. The nanoscale size of these platforms allows a large carrying capacity, which translates to a high ratio of targeted agent for each ligand–receptor interaction. Here we used a simple in vitro system to show that the targeting ratio can be further amplified by controlled cluster formation using multiple cycles of coupling reactions. As the receptor sites become more sparse the relationship between the amplification of the signal from an imaging agent and the reaction cycles approaches a cubic relationship, which is the theoretical limit for this relationship. These results demonstrate that this approach has the potential to significantly enhance the capacity of multifunctional platforms to be used for targeted delivery of imaging agents or drugs.
Changes in kinematic variables observed during pressure-induced forelimb lameness in adult horses trotting on a treadmill (2000)

Decreased fetlock joint extension during stance and increased head vertical movement and asymmetry are sensitive indicators of forelimb lameness. Decreased stride duration, increased relative stance duration, and decreased carpal joint extension during stance are general but insensitive indicators of forelimb lameness. Increased forelimb protraction, hoof flight pattern with maximum hoof height near midswing, and maximum fetlock joint extension in cranial stance may be specific indicators of lameness in the toe region. Observation of forelimb movement may enable clinicians to differentiate lameness of the heel from lameness of the toe.
Localized cutaneous fusariosis after long-term topical application of corticosteroids in a healthy elderly woman (2012)

ejd.2012.1753 Auteur(s) : Yozo Yamada1 yozoymd@med.kobe-u.ac.jp, Goro Nishioka2, Koichi Makimura3, Masahiro Oka4 1 Department of Dermatology, Kakogawa West City Hospital, 384-1 Hiratsu Yoneda-cho, Kakogawa 675-8611, Japan 2 Nishioka Dermatology Clinic, Kakogawa 675-0064, Japan 3 Teikyo University, Mycology and Genome Research Center, Hachioji 192-0395, Japan 4 Division of Dermatology, Kobe University Medical School, Kobe 650-0017, Japan The genus Fusarium, from the hyphomycetes, comprises a large [...]
Morphological classification of odontogenic keratocysts using Bouligand–Minkowski fractal descriptors (2016)

The Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a cystic lesion of the jaws, which has high growth and recurrence rates compared to other cysts of the jaws (for instance, radicular cyst, which is the most common jaw cyst type). For this reason OKCs are considered by some to be benign neoplasms. There exist two sub-types of OKCs (sporadic and syndromic) and the ability to discriminate between these sub-types, as well as other jaw cysts, is an important task in terms of disease diagnosis and prognosis. With the development of digital pathology, computational algorithms have become central to addressing this type of problem. Considering that only basic feature-based methods have been investigated in this problem before, we propose to use a different approach (the Bouligand-Minkowski descriptors) to assess the success rates achieved on the classification of a database of histological images of the epithelial lining of these cysts. This does not require the level of abstraction necessary to extract histologically-relevant features and therefore has the potential of being more robust than previous approaches. The descriptors were obtained by mapping pixel intensities into a three dimensional cloud of points in discrete space and applying morphological dilations with spheres of increasing radii. The descriptors were computed from the volume of the dilated set and submitted to a machine learning algorithm to classify the samples into diagnostic groups. This approach was capable of discriminating between OKCs and radicular cysts in 98% of images (100% of cases) and between the two sub-types of OKCs in 68% of images (71% of cases). These results improve over previously reported classification rates reported elsewhere and suggest that Bouligand-Minkowski descriptors are useful features to be used in histopathological images of these cysts.
Interleukin-33 Drives Activation of Alveolar Macrophages and Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Asthma (2013)

We investigated the role of interleukin-33 (IL-33) in airway inflammation in an experimental model of an acute exacerbation of chronic asthma, which reproduces many of the features of the human disease. Systemically sensitized female BALB/c mice were challenged with a low mass concentration of aerosolized ovalbumin for 4 weeks to induce chronic asthmatic inflammation and then received a single moderate-level challenge to trigger acute airway inflammation simulating an asthmatic exacerbation. The inflammatory response and expression of cytokines and activation markers by alveolar macrophages (AM) were assessed, as was the effect of pretreatment with a neutralizing antibody to IL-33. Compared to chronically challenged mice, AM from an acute exacerbation exhibited significantly enhanced expression of markers of alternative activation, together with enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and of cell surface proteins associated with antigen presentation. In parallel, there was markedly increased expression of both mRNA and immunoreactivity for IL-33 in the airways. Neutralization of IL-33 significantly decreased both airway inflammation and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines by AM. Collectively, these data indicate that in this model of an acute exacerbation of chronic asthma, IL-33 drives activation of AM and has an important role in the pathogenesis of airway inflammation.
A privacy-preserving algorithm for distributed constraint optimization (2014)

Distributed constraint optimization problems enable the representation of many combinatorial problems that are distributed by nature. An important motivation for such problems is to preserve the privacy of the participating agents during the solving process. The present paper introduces a novel privacy-preserving algorithm for this purpose. The proposed algorithm requires a secure solution of several multiparty computation problems. Consequently, appropriate novel secure protocols are devised and analyzed.
Transactional traffic generator implementation in ns-3 (2013)

Traffic generators have been essential for representing real-world traffic in network simulation studies. Furthermore, Internet-like traffic is a necessity when analysing the impact of different kinds of traffic on the network. In this paper, we present the implementation details of our HTTP traffic generator in the ns-3 network simulator. It is able to generate Internet-like as well as user-defined HTTP traffic. We further verify the correctness of the traffic distribution function generation module as well as the transaction handling mechanisms in this model. Based on different network characteristics from previous work, we are able to generate similar simulation results and carry out more detailed HTTP simulations.
The electrocautery maze - how I do it. (2001)

The electrocautery maze appears to be a simple, effective, and quick method to cure atrial fibrillation.
Molecular differentiation of Erwinia amylovora strains from North America and of two Asian pear pathogens by analyses of PFGE patterns and hrpN genes (2004)

Summary In order to determine a possible genomic divergence of Erwinia amylovora ‘fruit tree’ and raspberry strains from North America, several isolates were differentiated by pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis, the size of short DNA sequence repeats (SSRs) and the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of their hrpN genes. By PFGE analysis European strains are highly related, whereas strains from North America were diverse and were further distinguished by the SSR numbers from plasmid pEA29. The E. amylovora strains from Europe showed identical HrpN sequences in contrast to the American isolates from fruit trees and raspberry. Those were related to each other, but distinguishable by their HrpN patterns. The Asian pear pathogens differed in HrpN among each other and from E. amylovora . Erwinia pyrifoliae isolates and the Erwinia strains from Japan were ordered via their HrpN sequences in agreement with the PFGE patterns. For all three pathogens, dendrograms from PFGE and sequence data indicate an evolutionary diversity within the species in spite of a genetic conservation for parts of the hrpN genes suggesting a long persistence of the Asian pear pathogens in Korea and Japan as well as of fire blight in North America. Some of the divergent American E. amylovora isolates share PFGE patterns with the relatively uniform European strains.
Microstructure and Bending Properties of SiC/SiC Composites Fabricated by Reaction Sintering Process (2008)

The present study dealt with microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of SiC/SiC composites, which were studied by means of electron microscopies (SEM, TEM, EDS), bending tests and single-fiber push-out tests. SiC/SiC composites were fabricated by the reaction sintering process. Braided Hi-Nicalon SiC fiber with double coating layers of BN and SiC was introduced in this system. The results showed that the matrix portion of SiC/SiC composites comprised two sorts of phases depending on composition proportions of the silicon and the carbon, accompanied by the presence of isolated silicon and unreacted carbon. It was also found that SiC/SiC composites possessed sufficient bending strength and fracture energy.
Intratumoral hu14.18–IL-2 (IC) Induces Local and Systemic Antitumor Effects That Involve Both Activated T and NK Cells As Well As Enhanced IC Retention (2012)

hu14.18-IL-2 (IC) is an immunocytokine consisting of human IL-2 linked to hu14.18 mAb, which recognizes the GD2 disialoganglioside. Phase 2 clinical trials of i.v. hu14.18-IL-2 (i.v.-IC) in neuroblastoma and melanoma are underway and have already demonstrated activity in neuroblastoma. We showed previously that intratumoral hu14.18-IL-2 (IT-IC) results in enhanced antitumor activity in mouse models compared with i.v.-IC. The studies presented in this article were designed to determine the mechanisms involved in this enhanced activity and to support the future clinical testing of intratumoral administration of immunocytokines. Improved survival and inhibition of growth of both local and distant tumors were observed in A/J mice bearing s.c. NXS2 neuroblastomas treated with IT-IC compared with those treated with i.v.-IC or control mice. The local and systemic antitumor effects of IT-IC were inhibited by depletion of NK cells or T cells. IT-IC resulted in increased NKG2D receptors on intratumoral NKG2A/C/E⁺ NKp46⁺ NK cells and NKG2A/C/E⁺ CD8⁺ T cells compared with control mice or mice treated with i.v.-IC. NKG2D levels were augmented more in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes compared with splenocytes, supporting the localized nature of the intratumoral changes induced by IT-IC treatment. Prolonged retention of IC at the tumor site was seen with IT-IC compared with i.v.-IC. Overall, IT-IC resulted in increased numbers of activated T and NK cells within tumors, better IC retention in the tumor, enhanced inhibition of tumor growth, and improved survival compared with i.v.-IC.
PR Benefits Patients with COPD (2014)

There is substantial new evidence that pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is beneficial for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other chronic lung diseases. This article discusses the physiologic approach to PR.
Table S1 from Validation of Melanoma Immune Profile (MIP), a Prognostic Immune Gene Prediction Score for Stage II–III Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Comparison of patient demographics in validation cohort to original publication discovery and test cohorts.&lt;/p&gt;