gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
XML Schema Directory: a data structure for XML data processing (2002)

The problem addressed in this paper is the execution of XML queries over a large collection of XML documents. This paper concentrates on how to develop the necessary infrastructure to effectively manipulate XML data and it proposes a data structure, named the XML Schema Directory (XSD), as an access means to XML repositories. The aim of XSD is to accelerate query processing by quickly finding the relevant set of XML documents for a given query. This is obtained by considering only a small number of relative XML schemata and consequently a limiting number of XML documents, rather than the entire corpus of XML documents. XML schema similarity is introduced as a way to determine the relevance among XML documents which belong to the same knowledge category. The proposed algorithms for maintaining the XSD structure do not require reorganisation and they may be efficiently used in practice. An alternative advantage of the XSD structure is that it may also be used as a method for facilitating browsing.
Unusual paramagnetic phenomena in granular high-temperature superconductors—A consequence ofd- wave pairing? (1995)

This colloquium reviews some unusual paramagnetic phenomena in granular high-temperature superconductors. These are consistently explained by assuming that there is frustration in the coupling patterns between the neighboring grains. Such frustration effects occur in a natural way in a multiply connected superconductor with Josephson junctions if the order parameter has unconventional symmetry due to Cooper pairing in a higher angular momentum channel, e.g., $d$- wave pairing. A simple model is introduced to describe the magnetic properties of a frustrated granular superconductor. Large orbital magnetic moments are spontaneously created, leading to superparamagnetic behavior. These results suggest that the unusual paramagnetic phenomena are a consequence of unconventional symmetry of the pairing state in the high-temperature superconductors.
Visualizing Structures in Confocal Microscopy Datasets Through Clusterization: A Case Study on Bile Ducts (2019)

Three-dimensional datasets from biological tissues have increased with the evolution of confocal microscopy. Hepatology researchers have used confocal microscopy for investigating the microanatomy of bile ducts. Bile ducts are complex tubular tissues consisting of many juxtaposed microstructures with distinct characteristics. Since confocal images are difficult to segment because of the noise introduced during the specimen preparation, traditional quantitative analyses used in medical datasets are difficult to perform on confocal microscopy data and require extensive user intervention. Thus, the visual exploration and analysis of bile ducts pose a challenge in hepatology research, requiring different methods. This paper investigates the application of unsupervised machine learning to extract relevant structures from confocal microscopy datasets representing bile ducts. Our approach consists of pre-processing, clustering, and 3D visualization. For clustering, we explore the density-based spatial clustering for applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm, using gradient information for guiding the clustering. We obtained a better visualization of the most prominent vessels and internal structures.
κ-Opioid System in Uremic Pruritus (2005)

Uremic pruritus is a very common and frustrating condition for both patients and clinicians because no treatment has been demonstrated to be effective in relieving the itch. In this report, nalfurafine, a new kappa-opioid receptor agonist, was used to treat uremic pruritus in patients who were undergoing routine hemodialysis. Two multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies enrolled 144 patients with uremic pruritus to postdialysis intravenous treatment with either nalfurafine or placebo for 2 to 4 wk. A meta-analysis approach was used to assess the efficacy of nalfurafine. Statistically significant reductions in worst itching (P = 0.0212), itching intensity (P = 0.0410), and sleep disturbances (P = 0.0003) were noted in the nalfurafine group as compared with placebo. Improvements in itching (P = 0.0025) and excoriations (P = 0.0060) were noted for the nalfurafine-treated patients. Nalfurafine showed similar types and incidences of drug-related adverse events as did placebo. Nalfurafine was shown to be an effective and safe compound for use in this severely ill patient population.
Solution Structure and In Silico Binding of a Cyclic Peptide with Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (2013)

A specific ligand targeting the immunodominant region of hepatitis B virus is desired in neutralizing the infectivity of the virus. In a previous study, a disulfide constrained cyclic peptide cyclo S(1) ,S(9) Cys-Glu-Thr-Gly-Ala-Lys-Pro-His-Cys (S(1) , S(9) -cyclo-CETGAKPHC) was isolated from a phage displayed cyclic peptide library using an affinity selection method against hepatitis B surface antigen. The cyclic peptide binds tightly to hepatitis B surface antigen with a relative dissociation constant (KD (rel) ) of 2.9 nm. The binding site of the peptide was located at the immunodominant region on hepatitis B surface antigen. Consequently, this study was aimed to elucidate the structure of the cyclic peptide and its interaction with hepatitis B surface antigen in silico. The solution structure of this cyclic peptide was solved using (1) H, (13) C, and (15) N NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations with NMR-derived distance and torsion angle restraints. The cyclic peptide adopted two distinct conformations due to the isomerization of the Pro residue with one structured region in the ETGA sequence. Docking studies of the peptide ensemble with a model structure of hepatitis B surface antigen revealed that the cyclic peptide can potentially be developed as a therapeutic drug that inhibits the virus-host interactions.
Survey of Anti‐human T‐Cell Leukemia Virus Type I Antibody in Family Members of Patients with Adult T‐Cell Leukemia (1990)

To evaluate the intrafamilial clustering of HTLV-I, we examined the sera or plasma of 296 healthy family members of patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) for anti-HTLV-I antibodies. Of 296 subjects, 132 (44.6%) had anti-HTLV-I antibodies. Fifty-nine (41.0%) out of 144 males and 73 (48.0%) out of 152 females were seropositive. The positive rates of antibody to HTLV-I increased with age, especially between the 30-39 and the 40-49 age groups. Five out of 6 fathers, 3 out of 4 mothers, 31 (60.8%) out of 51 spouses, 40 (63.5%) out of 63 siblings and 46 (33.8%) out of 136 children of patients with ATL had anti-HTLV-I antibodies. Of 74 children with an ATL father, 14 (18.9%) were seropositive, while 32 (51.6%) out of 63 children with an ATL mother were seropositive. This difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.001). Of those children with an ATL father, 12 (26.1%) out of 46 whose mothers were HTLV-I carriers had antibodies to HTLV-I. In contrast, none of the 13 children whose mothers were not carriers were seropositive. These results supported the hypothesis that the mother-to-child transmission is one of the most important modes of HTLV-I transmission. In wives of male patients with ATL, the positive rate of antibody to HTLV-I was 65.6% (21/32), and in husbands of female patients, it was 52.6% (10/19). The high positive rate of antibody to HTLV-I not only in wives of male patients but also in husbands of female patients suggests that either HTLV-I is more frequently transmitted from wives to their husbands than we had originally expected, or that ATL may develop even in wives who acquire HTLV-I from their husbands after marriage.
Automatic evaluation of spoken english fluency (2009)

This paper presents a method to automatically quantify the spoken English fluency skills of speakers. The focus of this work is to automatically compute a numeric score of spoken fluency that is correlated with the numerical score the human assessors would assign. The proposed method combines several novel prosodic and lexical features to compute the fluency score. It is shown that the prosodic and the lexical features provide complementary information for fluency evaluation. Extensive evaluation on human-labeled utterances shows that the proposed technique exhibits similar trends in performance and confusions as shown by human assessors. The proposed technique leads to 84.2% classification accuracy when the two extreme classes of fluency are considered.
ChemInform Abstract: Spontaneous Addition of Active Methine Compounds to Enol Ethers and α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones in Aprotic Polar Solvent. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al2O3/Mo Nanocomposites. (1992)

Al2O3/5-20volMo composites were fabricated by hot-pressing a mixture of a-Al2O3 and fine Mo powders under a vacuum. In these
KB3D Reference Manual (2005)

This paper is a reference manual describing the implementation of the KB3D conflict detection and resolution algorithm. The algorithm has been implemented in the Java and C++ programming languages. The reference manual gives a short overview of the detection and resolution functions, the structural implementation of the program, inputs and outputs to the program, and describes how the program is used. Inputs to the program can be rectangular coordinates or geodesic coordinates. The reference manual also gives examples of conflict scenarios and the resolution outputs the program produces.
The Diagnosis of Anastomotic Leak After Gastroesophagostomy With Biliary Scintigraphy (1995)

Tc-99m HIDA scintigraphy in a patient with septic complications after partial resection of the esophagus and gastroesophagostomy demonstrated a free bile leak through the anastomosis to the thoracic drains. Concomitant attempts to verify this with dye ingestion (methylene blue) and x-ray examinations were negative.
Alendronate regulates cell invasion and MMP‐2 secretion in human osteosarcoma cell lines (2004)

The results showed that alendronate inhibited cell invasion of both osteosarcoma cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Alendronate reduced the mRNA level and cellular level of MMP-2 in both cell lines in a time and dose-dependent manner. Alendronate also induced significant apoptosis in both cell lines. Our finding suggests that alendronate downregulates MMP-2 secretion and induces apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells, which may both contribute to the reduction of invasive potential of the tumor cells.
Nonlinear conductivity of poly(3-methylthiophene) under a low electric field in the low frequency range (1988)

The extremely large second and third harmonics of the conductivity were found to be generated in thin films of Poly (3-methylthiophene) under the low electric field of the order of 10 kV/m. These films prepared by undoping after electrochemical polymerization also had a dielectric relaxation in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 10 kHz at room temperature. Each of the harmonics had the temperature dependence of the Arrhenius type; the rate of them to the fundamental decreased with increasing frequency. The second harmonic would depend on the thickness of the film though the third one showed little dependence.
AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD TRANSFUSION AIDED WITH ERYTHROPOIETIN IN TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE (1991)

Erythropoietin (EPO) with an established clinical efficacy in renal anemia has in recent years become applied as an aid to autologous blood transfusion in surgical patients. This report describes our experience with autotransfusion along with the use of EPO in transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P), indicating its usefulness. Ten patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy aged 60 to 74 years received 3000 units of EPO, with an iron preparation, nine times beginning 3 weeks prior to operation. Autologous blood of 300 ml was collected from the patient each at 2 and 1 week before operation and was used at TUR-P. Five other patients who underwent TUR-P with the same volume of autotransfusion accompanied by preparative medication with the iron alone served as controls. In the EPO treated group (mean age, 68.3 years) the mean value for hemoglobin concentration (Hb) was 14.0 +/- 1.6 g/dl on the day of operation, which showed a recovery rate of 94.9 +/- 5.4% (Hb recovery rate) as against the pre-EPO treatment value (mean: 14.8 +/- 1.3 g/dl). This Hb recovery rate was significantly greater (p less than 0.001) when compared to 82.2 +/- 2.5% in the control group (mean age, 68.2 years). Of the EPO treated patients, those in their sixties (n = 6; mean age, 66.3 years) exhibited a significantly higher Hb recovery rate (98.3 +/- 3.5%) than the rate (89.9 +/- 3.0%) for patients in their seventies (N = 4; mean age, 71.3 years) (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Magnesium chloride‐supported high‐mileage catalysts for olefin polymerization XI. Determinations of poly(decene‐1) molecular weight chain dimension and thermal transitions (1986)

Abstract Decene‐1 was polymerized with the CW catalyst and fractionated by precipitation technique. Light‐scattering and viscometric measurements on these fractions established the relationship [η] = 5.19 × 10 −3 M . The unperturbed mean square end‐to‐end distance is (〈 R 〉/ M ) 1/2 = (6.17 ± 0.34) × 10 −9 . Light‐scattering data is consistent with a relatively stiff molecule with length of L = 1.75 × 10 −5 cm for poly(decene‐1) with MW = 397,000. Its mean square radius of gyration 〈 R 〉 is 2.79 × 10 −11 cm. 2 The ratio of L 2 /〈 R 〉 = 11 is close to the theoretical ratio of 12 for this kind of macromolecule.
Figure S2 from Deletion of Lactate Dehydrogenase-A in Myeloid Cells Triggers Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Co-culture of RAW macrophages and cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Fitness-based modular visuosteering architecture for super cruise control of automobiles (2002)

Super cruise control adds the feature of automatic steering or lateral control to the ordinary intelligent cruise control that implements only longitudinal control using brakes and accelerators. This paper addresses the problem of steering control needed for super cruise control in which automatic steering is effected in a rather limited driving environment, that is, driving on highways at high speeds. For maximum safety, a very robust real-time control algorithm is essential. To meet this objective, this paper proposes a fitness-based modular steering control architecture that ensures robustness, stability, and safety while at the same time meeting real-time constraints for high speed driving. Currently, three modules, namely edge, color, and neural modules are used for steering while the input to each module is the road image obtained by the CCD camera. The ultimate steering command solution is obtained by weighted combination of the outputs of the modules whose fitnesses are above a certain threshold. The proposed steering algorithm has been verified through real vehicle experiments.
Interactive Metro Map Editing (2015)

Manual editing of a metro map is essential because many aesthetic and readability demands in map generation cannot be achieved by using a fully automatic method. In addition, a metro map should be updated when new metro lines are developed in a city. Considering that manually designing a metro map is time-consuming and requires expert skills, we present an interactive editing system that considers human knowledge and adjusts the layout to make it consistent with user expectations. In other words, only a few stations are controlled and the remaining stations are relocated by our system. Our system supports both curvilinear and octilinear layouts when creating metro maps. It solves an optimization problem, in which even spaces, route straightness, and maximum included angles at junctions are considered to obtain a curvilinear result. The system then rotates each edge to extend either vertically, horizontally, or diagonally while approximating the station positions provided by users to generate an octilinear layout. Experimental results, quantitative and qualitative evaluations, and user studies show that our editing system is easy to use and allows even non-professionals to design a metro map.
Biochemical analysis of myoglobinuria associated with rhabdomyolysis (2013)

"The destruction of skeletal muscle in a condition known as rhabdomyoly-he rhabdomyoly sis results in the release into the blood stream of lar ge quantities of the 17 kDa myo globin that freely filtrates through the glomeruli , often over whelmin g the ca pacity of the proximal tubule for reabsorption. As a result , identification of myo globin in the urine becomes an essential tool to fully complement other biochemical parameters in the disease dia gnosis . Usin g a combination of protein electro phoresis in agarose gels and immuno fixation with speci fic antibodies , we provide direct evidence for the presence of intact myo globin in the urine of a patient with acute kidney in jury due to rhabdomyolysis tri ggered by undesirable side effects of speci fic medica tions . The electro phoretic /immunochemical data was further corroborated by amino acid se quence , Western blot , and mass spectrometry analysis .The sim ple combination of electro phoresis and immuno fixation protocols pro vides a flexible approach that can be extended to the identification of the various proteins known to be in volved in over flow proteinuria ."
Time for a New Paradigm in the Treatment of Metastatic Melanoma (2012)

Metastatic melanoma is a very common disease with an increasing incidence worldwide and is notoriously difficult to treat. The long-established treatments including dacarbazine and interleukin-2 have shown limited response rates and are associated with significant toxicities. More recently, treatments have been developed that decrease inhibition of T-cell action against melanomas. Among these, ipilimumab was recently approved for use in metastatic melanoma and has shown improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival rates (PFS). Another such treatment currently in development is the monoclonal antibody, anti-PD-1. This blocks PD-1 inhibition of T-cells and has shown promising response rates in early clinical trials. Another treatment approach is to use targeted therapies in patients with mutations in BRAF or CKIT signaling pathways and it is vital that the mutational status of these genes be determined in patients with metastatic melanoma to best determine effective therapeutic options. Vemurafenib was recently approved for metastatic melanoma and targets the BRAF V600E mutation which occurrs in about 50 % of cutaneous melanomas. Recent results from the ongoing Phase III BRIM-3 study comparing vemurafenib with dacarbazine showed that median 12-month OS rates and the risk of death were reduced with vemurafenib. Other BRAF inhibitors such as dabrafenib and MEK inhibitors such as trametinib are also in development. New treatments in ongoing clinical trials coupled with an improved biologic understanding are likely to improve responses and outcomes for patients with metastatic melanoma.
Correlators of Spectral Determinants in Quantum Chaos (1995)

We generalize an approach recently introduced to study arbitrary correlators of spectral determinants in quantum chaotic systems with broken T invariance. The utility of this method for obtaining generating functions for a variety of universal correlators is illustrated with several applications.
Effects of Specific Inhibitors for CaMK1D on a Primary Neuron Model for Alzheimer’s Disease (2021)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Despite extensive research and targeting of the main molecular components of the disease, beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, there are currently no treatments that alter the progression of the disease. Here, we examine the effects of two specific kinase inhibitors for calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D (CaMK1D) on Aβ-mediated toxicity, using mouse primary cortical neurons. Tau hyperphosphorylation and cell death were used as AD indicators. These specific inhibitors were found to prevent Aβ induced tau hyperphosphorylation in culture, but were not able to protect cells from Aβ induced toxicity. While inhibitors were able to alter AD pathology in cell culture, they were insufficient to prevent cell death. With further research and development, these inhibitors could contribute to a multi-drug strategy to combat AD.
Breast Lymphoma (2022)

Primary breast lymphomas are a very rare group of breast malignancies .Imaging findings in lymphoma are nonspecific and whole body imaging is an essential part of the workup to rule out disease in other parts of the body and to be labelled as primary breast lymphoma
Influence of Meal Sequence and Number of Teeth Present on Nutrient Intake Status: A Cross-Sectional Study (2023)

Intake of fiber, as well as protein, and lipid preloading help to control postprandial glycemic elevation in people with type 2 diabetes and in healthy individuals. However, there are few studies on the awareness of meal sequence and nutrient intake status that consider oral conditions. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the effects of meal sequences on nutrient intake status and whether these relationships were related to the number of teeth present. The subjects were recruited from the Medical and Dental Collaboration Center of Kanagawa Dental University Hospital between 2018 and 2021. Medical and dental examinations were performed, and a questionnaire was used to determine whether the diet consisted of vegetables, meat or fish, and carbohydrates in that order. Nutrient intake status was assessed using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Data were collected from 238 participants. The group with awareness of meal sequence ingested increased nutrients such as n-3 fatty acids, total dietary fiber, calcium, and vitamin C. Saturated fatty acid intake increased in those with fewer teeth, while it was not significantly related to meal sequence. In conclusion, our results showed that meal sequence was associated with nutrient intake status. In addition, the intake of saturated fatty acids increased when many teeth were lost, regardless of meal sequence.
Computer Architecture: A Designer's Text - Based on a Generic RISC (1994)

Definition of a machine, in which we specify the instruction set, philosophy first and then the critical step details of the instruction set, formats and hardware and software implications operating systems, the interface between the hardware and the rest of us virtual memory, in which we explore just where the data resides caches for instructions, caches for data the processor chip, in which we lay out the computer's factory floor rush hour on the pike, in which we answer the question, what limits I/O speed? a floating-point co-processor. Appendix a - mechanics of the hard disk Appendix b - details on multiplication and division appendix c - spreadsheet solution of the bus transient appendix d - disk performance simulation program.