gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Successful Pulmonary Artery Embolization for the Management of Hemoptysis in a Patient with Eisenmenger Syndrome Caused by Patent Ductus Arteriosus (2017)

The patient was a 19-year-old woman who was diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus complicating Eisenmenger syndrome at a previous medical institution. She was referred to our hospital and arranged for lung transplantation. She developed hemoptysis after the introduction of i.v. epoprostenol, which was administered as a bridging treatment while the patient awaited lung transplantation. She continued to suffer from recurrent hemoptysis, even after switching from i.v. epoprostenol to i.v. treprostinil. Angiography of the systemic and pulmonary arteries revealed the vessel responsible for the recurrent hemoptysis and pulmonary artery embolization was successfully performed. It is essential to identify the culprit vessel and physicians must not hesitate in performing embolization when patients develop lethal hemoptysis.
Functionalization of polypropylene with oxazoline and reactive blending of PP with PBT in a corotating twin‐screw extruder (1997)

The aim of this study was to prepare a compatibilized PP/PBT blend in a twin-screw extruder, using oxazoline-functionalized PP. First we prepared the functionalized PP (PP-g-OXA), and then we used it as a compatibilizer in the subsequent reactive blending stage. Polypropylene was successfully functionalized by ricinoloxazoline maleinate in a corotating twin-screw extruder using a melt free radical grafting technique. Grafting yields up to 2.1 phr were achieved. This functionalized PP used as a compatibilizer markedly improved the mechanical properties of the uncompatibilized PP/PBT (PBT content 30 wt %) blend. Significant improvements were observed, especially in impact strength (Charpy) and elongation at break of the compatibilized blends. The increased interactions between the phases were characterized by SEM analysis, DMTA, and DSC experiments. The properties of the blend greatly depended on the degradation of the PP during grafting. An optimal content of compatibilizer exists, which is dependent on the degradation of PP, grafting yield of oxazoline monomer, and on the amount of free, ungrafted monomer present in the compatibilizer. These factors can be adjusted by properly choosing the processing conditions and chemical parameters. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 883–894, 1997
Differential effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibodies on systemic inflammatory responses in experimental endotoxemia in chimpanzees (1994)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is considered to be a pivotal mediator of endotoxin-induced lethality. To assess the intermediate role of TNF in specific systemic inflammatory responses known to contribute to tissue injury in endotoxemia, eight healthy adult chimpanzees were intravenously injected with Escherichia coli endotoxin (4 ng/kg). In four of these animals the administration of endotoxin was followed immediately by a bolus intravenous injection of an anti-TNF monoclonal antibody (15 mg/kg). Treatment with anti-TNF completely prevented the endotoxin-induced increase in serum TNF activity, and profoundly reduced the appearance of interleukin-6 and -8 (both P &lt; .05). Neutrophilia and lymphopenia were not affected by anti-TNF, whereas neutrophil degranulation, as measured by the plasma concentrations of elastase-alpha 1-antitrypsin complexes, was only slightly reduced (peak levels after endotoxin alone 31.0 +/- 3.4 ng/mL, versus 25.5 +/- 3.4 ng/mL after endotoxin with anti-TNF; P &lt; .05). Anti-TNF did not influence endotoxin-induced activation of the coagulation system, as reflected by unchanged increases in the plasma concentrations of the prothrombin fragment F1 + 2 and thrombin-antithrombin III complexes. In contrast, anti-TNF strongly attenuated the activation of the fibrinolytic system, ie, peak plasma levels of plasmin-alpha 2- antiplasmin were 33.8 +/- 11.1 nmol/L after endotoxin alone and 17.0 +/- 2.9 nmol/L after endotoxin with anti-TNF (P &lt; .05). These results suggest that TNF is not the common mediator of systemic inflammatory changes in low-grade endotoxemia. Moreover, the finding that in this mild model anti-TNF specifically inhibited fibrinolysis suggests that treatment with anti-TNF potentially may enhance the tendency towards microvascular thrombosis in sepsis.
Hardware Accelerator for Full-Text Search (HAFTS) with Succinct Data Structure (2009)

Efficient utilization of massive data, such as full-text search has become important in view of the growing needs for Web search and genome analysis. High-speed search and small storage space are required to handle massive amounts of data. For high-speed search, generally, a data structure such as index which needs additional storage space is required. Recently, compressed suffix array, which is a data structure with an indexable dictionary that can be used to compress data to its information-theoretic lower bound, has been proposed. The distinctive feature of this array is that it enables direct data retrieval without decompression from the compressed data. Further, theoretically, the computational complexity of data retrieval is the same for both compressed and uncompressed data when we assume that rank operation involving the bit vector can be executed in constant time; this rank operation returns the number of occurrences of smaller elements. Practically, rank operation involves many bit-manipulations and random access to the memory. Hence, this constant time is not negligible, and as a result, data retrieval using compressed suffix array is relatively slower than that using plain suffix array. Although compression to create an indexable dictionary is performed only once, data retrieval queries occur repeatedly. Hence, high speed rank operations involving bit vectors are essential for compressed suffix arrays. We propose a FPGA-based hardware accelerator for full-text search (HAFTS) with compressed suffix array. FPGA helps speedup rank operation for compressed suffix array by enabling many bit calculations performed simultaneously and controlling the order of memory accesses. We conduct performance simulations of HAFTS. We consider a development board on which FPGA is connected to DDR2-800 SDRAM by a 64-bit bus as our model. We evaluate the performance of HAFTS by comparing it with that of software implementation. As a result, we conclude that the search speed of FPGA-based HAFTS is seven times faster than that of software implementation.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of 2,2‐Difluoro‐3‐hydroxycarboxylates by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Forward to the Moon: NASA's Strategic Plan for Human Exploration (2019)

Panel presentation The Upcoming Exploration of the Moon at the Flight Vehicles, Aerothermodynamics and Re-entry Missions and Engineering Conference.
Sphingosine Activates Protein Kinase A Type II by a Novel cAMP-independent Mechanism (2005)

Protein kinase A (PKA) has long been recognized as playing a major role in many regulatory processes in cells through its activation by the ubiquitous second messenger cAMP. We show here a novel mode of activation of PKA type II that is independent of cAMP and is, instead, dependent on sphingosine. PKA type II is specifically activated by sphingosine and its analog, dimethylsphingosine, but not by sphingosine-1-phosphate or other lipids. Like cAMP, sphingosine activates PKA holoenzyme but not the catalytic subunit alone, suggesting that the activation is mediated by the regulatory subunits. However, sphingosine-activated PKA, but not cAMP-activated PKA, is inhibited by phosphatidylserine, suggesting a distinct mechanism of activation. Furthermore, unlike cAMP, sphingosine does not induce the dissociation of PKA holoenzyme into catalytic and regulatory subunits. Modulation of sphingosine levels in vivo results in alteration in basal membrane-associated PKA activity consistent with a direct effect of membrane sphingosine on PKA type II. Importantly, sphingosine-dependent but not cAMP-dependent activation of PKA specifically phosphorylates Ser58 of the multifunctional adapter protein 14-3-3zeta, promoting the conversion of dimeric 14-3-3 to a monomeric state, thus potentially modulating several biological functions. These results define a new mode of PKA activation that is sphingosine-dependent and mechanistically different from the classical cAMP-dependent activation of PKA. Furthermore, they suggest that stimuli that induce sphingosine accumulation and modulate phospholipid content at the cell membrane have the potential to activate PKA, thereby inducing the phosphorylation of distinct substrates and biological activities.
Non-collinear and strongly asymmetric polar moments at back-gated SrTiO3 interfaces (2021)

The highly mobile electrons at the interface of SrTiO3 with other oxide insulators, such as LaAlO3 or AlOx, are of great current interest. A vertical gate voltage allows controlling a metal/superconductor-to-insulator transition, as well as electrical modulation of the spin-orbit Rashba coupling for spin-charge conversion. These findings raise important questions about the origin of the confined electrons as well as the mechanisms that govern the interfacial electric field. Here we use infrared ellipsometry and confocal Raman spectroscopy to show that an anomalous polar moment is induced at the interface that is non-collinear, highly asymmetric and hysteretic with respect to the vertical gate electric field. Our data indicate that an important role is played by the electromigration of oxygen vacancies and their clustering at the antiferrodistortive domain boundaries of SrTiO3, which generates local electric and possibly also flexoelectric fields and subsequent polar moments with a large lateral component. Our results open new perspectives for the defect engineering of lateral devices with strongly enhanced and hysteretic local electric fields that can be manipulated with various other parameters, like strain, temperature, or photons.
Precise Outdoor PV Module Performance Characterization Under Unstable Irradiance (2016)

Improvement in the precision of outdoor performance measurements of photovoltaic (PV) modules is investigated under wide ranges of irradiance and temperature conditions. Special care is taken for the measurement on partly sunny days, when the solar irradiance is unstable. Factors to affect the measurement uncertainty are discussed based on the procedure including fast current-voltage (I-V ) curve measurements within 0.2 s, simultaneous irradiance monitoring by a PV reference device designed for outdoor use, and precise module temperature measurement. It is demonstrated that the effect of temporal variation of irradiance on the I-V measurements can be suppressed to within ±0.4% even when the irradiance is unstable, by reducing the measurement time to 0.2 s. It is also shown that the spatial nonuniformity of irradiance within the PV module, and the difference of irradiance between the module and irradiance sensor, are among the residual factors to affect the performance measurements. Both of their impacts on the uncertainty of P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> are estimated to be within about ±1% and ±2% at the irradiance levels of 1.0 and 0.4 kW/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , respectively, for the present experimental setup. Other sources of uncertainty are also discussed.
Cellular responses to low-gravity: Pilot studies on suborbital rockets and orbiting spacecraft (1993)

The allocated funding supported, in part, experiments conducted on two Consort sounding rockets and five Shuttle flights. The primary parameters investigated were signal transduction in response to various mediators, cellular differentiation and metabolism in microgravity, and effect of microgravity on cytoskeletal morphology. Achievements include: demonstration of effect of spaceflight on the actin cytoskeleton in mouse osteoblasts and frog cells; confirmation that the T cell receptor-mediated signal transduction pathway in T lymphocytes is not affected by low-gravity compared to non-TCR-mediated stimulation (Con-A) which classically does not promote proliferative response; indication that microgravity may allow separation of proliferative signaling and secretory function in lymphocytes; demonstration that T lymphocytes and bone cells utilized less glucose indicating a shift in metabolism and confirming Spacelab results with WI-38 cells which used significantly less glucose, during spaceflight; confirmation that activation of human splenic B cells with a number of different mediators is not affected during spaceflight; demonstration of increased prostaglandin synthesis during reduced bone cell growth suggesting an effect of microgravity on prostaglandin-induced mitogenesis. The funding contributed significantly to the database described above and resulted in submission of six collaborative abstracts in 1993 (five to the ASGSB Annual Meeting and one to the ASCB Annual Meeting). Two abstracts were presented at the 1992 ASGSB Annual Meeting in Tucson. In addition, several peer reviewed papers are being generated and data will be included as background in preparation of future proposals, which hopefully will allow us to continue this type of extremely productive collaborative research.
Joint Inference for Event Coreference Resolution. (2016)

Event coreference resolution is a challenging problem since it relies on several components of the information extraction pipeline that typically yield noisy outputs. We hypothesize that exploiting the inter-dependencies between these components can significantly improve the performance of an event coreference resolver, and subsequently propose a novel joint inference based event coreference resolver using Markov Logic Networks (MLNs). However, the rich features that are important for this task are typically very hard to explicitly encode as MLN formulas since they significantly increase the size of the MLN, thereby making joint inference and learning infeasible. To address this problem, we propose a novel solution where we implicitly encode rich features into our model by augmenting the MLN distribution with low dimensional unit clauses. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art results on two standard evaluation corpora.
Noise-free avalanche multiplication in Si solid state photomultipliers (1997)

Si solid state photomultipliers utilize impact ionization of shallow impurity donor levels to create an avalanche multiplication when triggered by a photoexcited hole. The distribution of pulse height from a single photon detection event shows narrow dispersion, which implies that the avalanche multiplication process in these devices is inherently noise-free. We have measured the excess noise factor using two different techniques, digital pulse height analysis and analog noise power measurement. The results demonstrate nearly noise-free avalanche multiplication accomplished in these devices.
Compact AC/DC Susceptometer using a High-temperature Superconductor Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (2014)

We developed a compact susceptometer employing a high-temperature superconductor (HTS) superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) that can measure M-H characteristics and harmonic components induced in the AC magnetic field response from a sample. In the DC function for measuring M-H characteristics, the sample was vibrated in the DC magnetic field, and the secondary magnetic field generated from the sample was detected by a DC pickup coil. In the AC function for measuring harmonic components, the sample is placed in the AC magnetic field, and the AC response was detected by an AC pickup coil. The pickup coil is connected in series with the input coil, which is inductively connected to the HTS-SQUID. Signal from the HTS-SQUID was transmitted to the lock-in amplifier, and was analyzed as the intensity and phase of the measured magnetic field. In order to clarify the basic properties of the system, we measured the AC magnetic field response from a sample in the case of changing the position between the sample and the pickup coil, and M-H characteristics when changing the DC bias magnetic field intensity. Furthermore, by analyzing the harmonic components of AC/DC magnetic field response, the system is able to measure the magnetic properties with high sensitivity and high speed.
The topological structure of asynchronous computability (1999)

We give necessary and sufficient combinatorial conditions characterizing the class of decision tasks that can be solved in a wait-free manner by asynchronous processes that communicate by reading and writing a shared memory.
Level densities of iron isotopes and low‐energy enhancement of γ‐strength function (2006)

The neutron spectrum from the 55Mn(d, n)56Fe reaction has been measured at Ed = 7 MeV. The level density of 56Fe obtained from neutron evaporation spectrum has been compared to the level density obtained from Oslo‐type 57Fe(3He, αγ)56Fe experiment. The good agreement supports the recent results including the low‐energy enhancement in the γ‐strength function for iron isotopes. The new level density function allowed us to investigate an excitation energy dependence of this enhancement, which is shown to increase with increasing excitation energy.
Supplementary Table 1 from Extracellular Vesicles Modulate the Glioblastoma Microenvironment via a Tumor Suppression Signaling Network Directed by miR-1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 282K, SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE 1. List of EV proteins identified by mass spectrometry.&lt;/p&gt;
Mesh Deformation Approaches – A Survey (2016)

This survey reviews the recent development of mesh deformation methods. During the past two decades a vast number of researches have been concerned with developing an efficient and robust mesh deformation technique. This has been achieved either by proposing a novel approach, improving an existing one, or by combining two existing approaches together resulting in a new hybrid approach. It is important to keep track of the most up to date developments in the field of mesh deformation, in order to allow the researchers to adopt the most efficient and application compatible scheme as well as to propose new methods of improvements. In this survey the mesh deformation techniques have been classified into two main categories, 1) physical analogy based techniques and 2) interpolation based techniques. The most significant techniques under these two classes are reviewed and the aspects of strength and weaknesses are highlighted.
On the performance of perfect and imperfect SIC in downlink non orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) (2016)

Non orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a new radio access technique considered to be a possible candidate for 5G and beyond. Recent studies confirm that it provides better performance gains as compared to the orthogonal multiple access (OAM) techniques currently in use. This paper investigates the performance of downlink NOMA using the ideal and non-ideal successive interference cancellation (SIC) conditions. The ideal and non-ideal SIC conditions are referred as perfect and imperfect SIC respectively in this study. The purpose of this study is to provide a more realistic analysis of SIC in downlink NOMA rather than considering the perfect SIC conditions. Simulation results are provided at the end of the paper in terms of bit error rate (BER) at the receiver end using both perfect and imperfect SIC.
Reduced Graphene Oxide Modulates the FAK-Dependent Signaling Pathway in Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells In Vitro (2022)

Aggressive invasiveness is a common feature of malignant gliomas, despite their high level of tumor heterogeneity and possible diverse cell origins. Therefore, it is important to explore new therapeutic methods. In this study, we evaluated and compared the effects of graphene (GN) and reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) on a highly invasive and neoplastic cell line, U87. The surface functional groups of the GN and rGO flakes were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The antitumor activity of these flakes was obtained by using the neutral red assay and their anti-migratory activity was determined using the wound healing assay. Further, we investigated the mRNA and protein expression levels of important cell adhesion molecules involved in migration and invasiveness. The rGO flakes, particularly rGO/ATS and rGO/TUD, were found highly toxic. The migration potential of both U87 and Hs5 cells decreased, especially after rGO/TUD treatment. A post-treatment decrease in mobility and FAK expression was observed in U87 cells treated with rGO/ATS and rGO/TUD flakes. The rGO/TUD treatment also reduced β-catenin expression in U87 cells. Our results suggest that rGO flakes reduce the migration and invasiveness of U87 tumor cells and can, thus, be used as potential antitumor agents.
与模糊性共舞：因果关系行为、设计思考以及三重路径学习II (2016)

在过去的三十年里，一种强有力的创新方法论在硅谷的工程与设计思想家之中出现了。它整合了在问题形成、解决和设计过程中人为、商业与技术的因素，即“设计思维”——这种以人为中心的方法论，它整合了来自设计、社会科学、商业，以及工程方面的人才，最适合由能同时运用各种各样不同观点的高性能项目团队进行实施。它创造出一种充满生机的互动环境，推进由快速概念成形技术驱动的迭代学习周期。经过验证，这种方法论可以成功地创造出创意产品、系统与服务。通过寻求模糊性，我们即使不能做出新的发明，也可以促使其发生。面对不确定性，我们能够培养行为主体以提升寻找创新之路的可能性，而重点在于我们所提出的问题与作出的结论之间的平衡。应用实例和研究发现的套件将被用于从观念层面与行为层面描述这些理念。
Real-time Software Platform Design for In-Vivo Navigation of a Small Ferromagnetic Device in a Swine Carotid Artery Using a Magnetic Resonance Imaging System (2007)

Using an 1.5T Siemens clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging system (MRI), a 1.5 mm diameter ferromagnetic bead is moved across a pre-planned path in the carotid artery of a 25 kg living swine. The software architecture for the navigation and path planning is herein described. Using the real-time feedback capabilities of recent MRIs, the device is moved, controlled and tracked using the magnetic gradients coils already present for imaging purposes. Navigation of the ferromagnetic device has been achieved with a peak velocity of about 13 cm/s through a set of pre established 11 waypoints. The dedicated software architecture presented in this paper lies in a modified real-time MRI imaging sequence. The dedicated architecture permits the navigation of the ferromagnetic bead with an operating frequency of 24 Hz Real-time control of the magnetic core is achieved through the implementation of a simple 2D PID controller incorporated in the presented software platform.