gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and nonlinear optical properties of methacrylate polymers based on 2‐[4‐(N‐methyl,N‐hydroxyethylamino)phenylazo]‐phenyl‐6‐nitrobenzoxazole chromophore (2003)

Abstract Methacrylate polymers containing different molar contents of nonlinear optical (NLO) active molecular segments based on 2‐[4‐( N ‐methyl, N ‐hydroxyethylamino)phenylazo]‐phenyl‐6‐nitrobenzoxazole chromophores were synthesized, and their phase behavior and second‐order NLO properties were investigated. Polymers containing 6–17 mol % chromophore segments allowed the preparation of amorphous and optically clear thin films. Some mesomorphic structuration was exhibited by a polymer with 33 mol % chromophoric units. However, this feature did not prevent the possibility of investigating the NLO properties. Nonlinear resonance‐enhanced d 33 coefficients were determined by second harmonic generation experiments on spin‐coated, corona‐poled thin films at λ = 1064 nm. Values ranging from 40 to 60 pm/V were measured with increasing chromophore molar contents. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 1841–1847, 2003
Joint Optimization of Heterogeneous Cellular and Backhaul Networks for Services Awareness in SDN (2018)

In next generation network, types of services will be more diverse due to the increment of users demand. Traffic Engineering (TE), which solves the problem of performance optimization in network, cannot meet the QoS needs of different services because of the limitations of routing strategies in existing networks. Software-defined network (SDN) is a promising network paradigm that separates control plane and data plane, and enhances network flexibility. SDN brings benefits to TE via collecting and analyzing data dynamically. Existing mobile network solutions mostly focus on single network, such as radio access network or core network. In this paper, edge nodes in software-defined backhaul network are selected as the entrances of network flows from base stations in heterogeneous cellular network. An Access Selection Method (ASM) is proposed to choose access nodes by measuring the similarity between the service characteristics and performance of backhaul edge nodes with weighted Euclidean distance. Network flows traversing the edge nodes split into multiple sub-service flows among backhaul based on types of services. A Service Awareness Routing (SAR) scheme is proposed to minimize overhead from perspective of service combining ASM. The joint design with SAR and ASM solves entrances selection and network flowing routing problems in consideration of network services. Extensive simulations show the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed scheme.
Polyurethanes from Vegetable Oils (2008)

Vegetable oils are excellent but very heterogeneous renewable raw materials for polyols and polyurethanes. This review discusses the specific nature of vegetable oils and the effect of their structures on the structure of polyols and polyurethanes. One section is dedicated to polyols for rigid and flexible foams and methods of their preparation such as direct oxidation of oils, epoxidation followed by ring opening, hydroformylation, ozonolysis, and transesterification. The next section deals with preparation and structure‐property relationships in polyurethanes from different groups of polyols, different isocyanates, and different degrees of crosslinking. The final section covers the environmental aspects of bio‐based polyurethanes, i.e., thermal stability, hydrolytic stability, and some aspects of biodegradability. Keywords: soy‐polyolpolyurethanenetworksstructure Acknowledgment I am indebted to Dr. Ivan Javni, Dr. Andrew Guo, Dr. Mihail Ionescu, Alisa Zlatanic, Wei Zhang, Dr. Yijin Xu and staff and students at Pittsburg State University for the experimental work reviewed in this paper.
Efficient Scheduling Algorithms on Bandwidth Reservation Service of Internet Using Metaheuristics (2009)

Network services that dynamically allocate bandwidth resources, such as QoS and layer-1 bandwidth-on-demand(BoD), are increasingly required to advanced Internet backbones, such as science information networks (SINET) in Japan. In this paper, we propose scheduling algorithms for BoD service which allocate parts of full bandwidth dedicated to specific users according to their requests in advanced Internet backbones. The scheduling algorithms maximize the number of accepted requests, fairness, or the total bandwidth in BoD. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms achieve high utilization of network resources and user's fairness, compared with a simple random-based algorithm.
PTPN22 inhibition resets defective human central B cell tolerance (2016)

The <i>1858T protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22</i> (<i>PTPN22 T</i>) allele is one of the main risk factors associated with many autoimmune diseases and correlates with a defective removal of developing autoreactive B cells in humans. To determine whether inhibiting PTPN22 favors the elimination of autoreactive B cells, we first demonstrated that the <i>PTPN22 T</i> allele interfered with the establishment of central B cell tolerance using NOD-scid-common γ chain knockout (NSG) mice engrafted with human hematopoietic stem cells expressing this allele. In contrast, the inhibition of either PTPN22 enzymatic activity or its expression by RNA interference restored defective central B cell tolerance in this model. Thus, PTPN22 blockade may represent a therapeutic strategy for the prevention or treatment of autoimmunity.
Ultrafast Spectroscopy Using Coherent Wavepackets (2017)

We present the signature of coherent wavepacket induced by strong field laser in the emission spectrum of plasma. Time dependent contribution of rotational states and phase relation between “P” and “R” branch is presented.
Pyridoxal-5′-Phosphate Inhibits the Polymerase Activity of a Recombinant RNase H-Deficient Mutant of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (1992)

We have investigated the ability of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate to inhibit a recombinant deletion mutant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) which is missing the last 23 amino acids of the C-terminus. This mutant reverse transcriptase is characterized by normal polymerase activity as compared with full-length enzyme; however, it has no RNase H activity. Inhibition studies with pyridoxal-5'-phosphate showed several differences as compared with inhibition of full-length enzyme: (1) Inhibition of mutant reverse transcriptase was independent of divalent cation, (2) Either substrate alone could protect mutant reverse transcriptase from inactivation by pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, and (3) stoichiometry of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate binding to mutant reverse transcriptase was 2 mol/mol under the same conditions in which 1 mol/mol bound to full-length enzyme. Furthermore, in the presence of either substrate alone, the stoichiometry of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate binding to the mutant was reduced to 1 mol/mol. These results indicate that the second binding site for pyridoxal-5'-phosphate seen in the mutant reverse transcriptase is at or near the primer-template binding site of the enzyme. They also suggest that the RNase H domain of HIV RT plays a functional role in substrate binding at the polymerase domain.
Primary investigation of fast linear transformer driver module (2008)

Modular linear transformer driver (LTD) is a novel fast discharge high pulsed power source on primary storage energy. It can realize many LTD modules in series or parallel connection conveniently, and can directly acquire 100~200ns high power pulse. This paper introduces the latest development of fast LTD technology in abroad. Based on the technological level of pulsed high voltage capacitor, insulating materials and high frequency magnetic core materials at home, one module of LTD with the rise time of 100ns and the current of 100kA is developed. The circuit model of LTD is given and the output parameters of LTD are simulated with universal circuit simulation software program. The 200kV multi-gap multi-channel gas spark switch is been developed. The module of LTD is consist of ten discharging bricks in parallel connection, and the short current of 100kA and the rise time of the current pulse of 110ns is obtained at the charging voltage of the capacitors about 60kV.
Microfluidic sensor based on integrated optical hollow waveguides (2004)

A simple integrated optical refractometric sensor based on hollow-core antiresonant reflecting optical waveguides is proposed. The sensor uses the antiresonant reflecting guidance mechanism and permits one to measure the refractive index of a liquid filling the core by simply monitoring the transmitted spectrum. The device has been made with standard silicon technology, and the experimental results confirm numerical simulations performed in one- and two-dimensional geometry. The sensor exhibits a linear response over a wide measurement range (1.3330-1.4450) and a resolution of 9 x 10(-4) and requires a small analyte volume.
Growth, transport, and magnetic properties of Pr0.67Ca0.33MnO3 thin films (1996)

We have grown Pr0.67Ca0.33MnO3 thin films on LaAlO3 using pulsed laser deposition. Below 50 K, a field induced insulator-metal transition results in changes in resistivity of at least 6 orders of magnitude. The field induced conducting state is metastable at low temperature. The temperature dependence of the resistivity exhibits considerable hysteresis in a field of 40 kOe but becomes reversible in a field of 80 kOe.
Titanium(II) as a Fuel Atom in Energetic Materials (2023)

The energetic content of the compounds MgTp<sub>2</sub>, FeTp<sub>2</sub>, MnTp<sub>2</sub>, and TiTp<sub>2</sub> is measured by bomb calorimetry and compared to theoretical calculations (Tp = trispyrazoylborate). TiTp<sub>2</sub> had the largest heat of combustion of the four compounds. Comparison of the heat of combustion of the Ti complex to those of Mg and Mn complexes suggests an effective combustion energy of Ti<sup>II</sup> of between 1400 and 3000 kJ/mol, affirming the role of Ti<sup>II</sup> as a strong fuel atom.
Griseofulvin: Interaction with normal and subtilisin‐treated tubulin (2001)

Griseofulvin, an antifungal drug, possesses antimitotic activity by inhibiting microtubule assembly. The interaction of griseofulvin with tubulin is unique in that it increases the sulfhydryl titer of tubulin without affecting the hydrophobic areas. Because the C-terminal regions of both α- and β-tubulin influence the conformational and the drug-binding properties of tubulin, we decided to study the interaction of griseofulvin with αβ tubulin and tubulin treated with subtilisin to selectively remove the C-terminal regions from both the α- and β-subunits (αsβs). We found that the apparent Kd of griseofulvin for αsβs tubulin (83 μM) was virtually unaltered compared to its Kd for αβ tubulin (91 μM) as determined by the tryptophan fluorescence quenching assay. The increment of the sulfhydryl titer (0.47 mol/mol) by griseofulvin was not affected by removing the C-termini from the α- and β-subunits. Moreover, the lack of effect of griseofulvin on the hydrophobic areas was not changed after the cleavage of the C-termini of the α- and β-subunits. These data therefore strongly suggest that griseofulvin binds at a certain region of tubulin distant from the C-terminal domains of the α- and β-subunits and that the C-terminal domains of both subunits do not have any conformational influence over the binding site of griseofulvin. Determining the binding site of griseofulvin will help in understanding its role in regulating microtubule assembly and dynamics. Drug Dev. Res. 53:44–49, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Chemical Stability of Lignocaine (Lidocaine) and Adrenalin (Epinephrine) in pH-Adjusted Parenteral Solutions (1989)

BONHOMME, L.; POSTAIRE, E.; TOURATIER, S.; BENHAMOU, D.; MARTRE-SUUVAGEON, H.; PREAUX, N. Author Information
Lithography and Other Patterning Techniques for Future Electronics (2008)

For all technologies, from flint arrowheads to DNA microarrays, patterning the functional material is crucial. For semiconductor integrated circuits (ICs), it is even more critical than for most technologies because enormous benefits accrue to going smaller, notably higher speed and much less energy consumed per computing function. The consensus is that ICs will continue to be manufactured until at least the ldquo22 nm noderdquo (the linewidth of an equal line-space pattern). Most patterning of ICs takes place on the wafer in two steps: (a) lithography, the patterning of a resist film on top of the functional material; and (b) transferring the resist pattern into the functional material, usually by etching. Here we concentrate on lithography. Optics has continued to be the chosen lithographic route despite its continually forecast demise. A combination of 193-nm radiation, immersion optics, and computer-intensive resolution enhancement technology will probably be used for the 45- and 32-nm nodes. Optical lithography usually requires that we first make a mask and then project the mask pattern onto a resist-coated wafer. Making a qualified mask, although originally dismissed as a ldquosupport technology,rdquo now represents a significant fraction of the total cost of patterning an IC largely because of the measures needed to push resolution so far beyond the normal limit of optical resolution. Thus, although optics has demonstrated features well below 22 nm, it is not clear that optics will be the most economical in this range; nanometer-scale mechanical printing is a strong contender, extreme ultraviolet is still the official front runner, and electron beam lithography, which has demonstrated minimum features less than 10 nm wide, continues to be developed both for mask making and for directly writing on the wafer (also known as ldquomaskless lithographyrdquo). Going from laboratory demonstration to manufacturing technology is enormously expensive ( $1 billion) and for good reason. Just in terms of data rate (mask pattern to resist pattern), today's exposure tools achieve about 10 Tb/s at an allowable error rate of about 1/h; this data rate will double with each generation. In addition, the edge placement precision required will soon be 30 parts per billion. There are so many opportunities for unacceptable performance that making the right decision goes far beyond understanding the underlying physical principles. But the benefits of continuing to be able to manufacture electronics at the 22-nm node and beyond appear to justify the investment, and there is no shortage of ideas on how to accomplish this.
REPEATED DOSE ORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF A A TIDIABETIC POLYHERBAL FORMULATIO ( DIAPAL TABLETS) I RATS (2010)

Summary Diapal , a polyherbal antidiabetic tablet formulation, was evaluated for its safety at the therapeutic dose level by repeated dose oral toxicity study in rats. Diapal tablets contain ingredients of herbal origin viz, Neem, Turmeric, Fenugreek, Arjun, Triphala etc. The herbal formulation was administered orally to rats at the therapeutic dose of 250 mg/kg/day for 90 days. All animals were monitored daily for their health status for signs of abnormalities. The body weight, water consumption and food intake of the rats were measured once weekly. At the end of the study period, various hematological, biochemical parameters were measured and histopathological examination of selected organs were conducted. The study resulted from long term oral administration of herbal formulation (250 mg/kg) did not cause any relevance of serious signs and significant changes in physical, hematological and biochemical parameters as compared with control. Moreover, no pathological features were identified in treated group as monitored by histopathological analysis of the internal organs. The study established that Diapal tablets at the dose given in the present study did not induce any remarkable toxic effects and it is safer in the rats following oral administration for 90 consecutive days.
Intracarpal Soft-Tissue Lesions Associated with an Intra-Articular Fracture of the Distal End of the Radius* (1996)

Sixty patients who had a displaced intra-articular fracture of the distal end of the radius were managed with manipulative reduction and internal fixation performed under both fluoroscopic and arthroscopic guidance. According to the AO/ASIF classification system, seven fractures were type B1, two were type B2, three were type B3, thirteen were type C1, twelve were type C2, and twenty-three were type C3. Forty-one patients (68 per cent) had soft-tissue injuries of the wrist, including tears of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (twenty-six patients), the scapholunate interosseous ligament (nineteen), and the lunotriquetral interosseous ligament (nine). Thirteen patients had two soft-tissue injuries. Intracarpal soft-tissue injuries were identified most frequently in association with fractures involving the lunate facet of the distal articular surface or the radius.
Real-Time Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection and Quantification of agr Functionality in Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Isolates (2012)

Staphylococcus aureus infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in health care settings. S. aureus clinical isolates vary in the function of the accessory gene regulator (agr), which governs the expression of virulence determinants, including surface and exoproteins, while agr activity has been correlated with patient outcome and treatment efficiency. Here we describe a duplex real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) detection and quantification platform for rapid determination of agr functionality in clinical isolates. Using the effector of agr response, RNAIII, as the assay target, and expression of the gyrase gene (gyrB) as a normalizer, we were able to accurately discriminate agr functionality in a single reaction. Time to positivity (TTP) ratios between gyrB and RNAIII showed very good correlation with the ratios of RNAIII versus gyrB RNA standard inputs and were therefore used as a simple readout to evaluate agr functionality. We validated the assay by characterizing 106 clinical S. aureus isolates, including strains with genetically characterized agr mutations. All isolates with dysfunctional agr activity exhibited a TTP ratio (TTP(gyrB)/TTP(RNAIII)) lower than 1.10, whereas agr-positive isolates had a TTP ratio higher than this value. The results showed that the assay was capable of determining target RNA ratios over 8 logs (10(-3) to 10(4)) with high sensitivity and specificity, suggesting the duplex NASBA assay may be useful for rapid determination of agr phenotypes and virulence potential in S. aureus clinical isolates.
Multicolor Functional Carbon Dots via One-Step Refluxing Synthesis (2017)

Carbon dots are admirable fluorescent nanomaterials due to their low cost, high photostability, excellent biocompatibility, and environmental friendliness. Most conventional carbon dot fabrication approaches produce single-colored fluorescent material in the preparation process; different methods are therefore required to synthesize distinct carbon dots for specific optical applications. In this study, carbon dots carrying different emission colors are prepared through a one-step refluxing process. The emission of these materials can be well-tuned by sodium hydroxide content in the precursor solution. The carbon dots produced are used as sensing probes based on the spectrofluorometric inner filter effect for target molecule detection. Three sensing categories that combine carbon dots and inner filter effect are demonstrated, including direct, metal nanoparticle-assisted, and enzymatic reaction-supported detection. Caffeine, melamine, and fenitrothion are selected as targets to demonstrate the strategies, respectively. These multifunctional carbon dot-based sensors achieve comparable sensitivity toward analytes with a much more convenient preparation route.
Network Maintenance Planning Via Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (2021)

Within this work, the challenge of developing maintenance planning solutions for networked assets is considered. This is challenging due to the very nature of these systems which are often heterogeneous, distributed and have complex co-dependencies between the constituent components for effective operation. We develop a Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) solution for this domain and apply it to a simulated Radio Access Network (RAN) comprising of nine Base Stations (BS). Through empirical evaluation we show that our model outperforms fixed corrective and preventive maintenance policies in terms of network availability whilst generally utilizing less than or equal amounts of maintenance resource.
Meeting scheduling assistant; Automatic scheduling between heterogeneous calendar systems (2012)

Finding a suitable time for a meeting between multiple people is a common practical problem today. The meeting scheduling process involves sharing information about one's availability and negotiating possible meeting times. The process can often be arduous and time-consuming. There are many software applications that simplify the scheduling process but they often still require a lot of manual effort to use or cannot be used to schedule meetings across different organizations.\nIn this thesis, we design a software architecture for a meeting scheduling system that allows people to schedule meetings with each other effortlessly and regardless of organizational boundaries. The meeting scheduling system finds suitable meeting times by automatically reading the calendar information of the users to determine their availability. The calendar information is read directly from whatever device or system that the user uses to maintain her calendar, such as a personal mobile phone or a company's calendar server. Support for each type of calendar system must be developed separately but the generic interfaces provided by the meeting scheduling system allow third parties to develop support for any calendar system.\nWe also implement a prototype meeting scheduling system based on the architecture. The prototype successfully realizes all of the key features of the architecture. The prototype consists of a central web server and a client component that runs on a Nokia N950 mobile phone and reads calendar information from the built-in calendar of the phone.\nThe architecture design and the prototype are evaluated in three ways. First, we verify that the architecture and the prototype adhere to their original specification. Second, we compare the effortlessness of the prototype with that of popular existing scheduling applications. Third, a group of experts validates that the architecture and the prototype fulfill the needs of the users.
Automated Planning of System Rollback in Declarative IT System Update (2019)

The automation of system management has been expanding, and there has been interest lately in an automated generation that automatically generates the workflows of system updates. However, because these automation technologies operate under the assumption that systems work in accordance with their underlying system model, they are not good at handling unexpected behaviors of target systems.In this paper, we propose a way to incorporate unexpected handling into our declarative system update mechanism by automatically generating a workflow to roll back a target system in the event of abnormal system stops. We evaluate our tool through a practical three-tier architecture system operating a simple Web service, and found that our method can complete generation of a recovery in one second, and roll back the system from all system states.