gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role for the CD28 Molecule in the Control ofCoxiella burnetiiInfection (2006)

Q fever is an infectious disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, an obligate intracellular bacterium that replicates in macrophages. As cell-mediated immune response to microbial pathogens requires signals mediated by T-cell receptors and costimulatory molecules such as CD28, we wondered if CD28 is involved in protection against C. burnetii infection. CD28-deficient (CD28-/-) mice were inoculated with C. burnetii by intraperitoneal and intravenous routes. With both wild-type and CD28-/- mice, C. burnetii organisms were detected exclusively in spleen and liver. The antibody response against C. burnetii was impaired in CD28-/- animals, but, surprisingly, the lack of CD28 decreased C. burnetii burden in the infected tissues, whatever the manner of inoculation of bacteria. The CD28 deficiency had no effect on either granuloma formation, which reflects cell-mediated immunity against C. burnetii, or the production of gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor, two cytokines known to be involved in granuloma formation. On the other hand, the production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) by peritoneal macrophages was highly impaired in CD28-/- mice. The results suggest that CD28 initiates a signal that favors C. burnetii replication through the modulation of the IL-10 pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Heterocyclic Systems by Photocyclization of Anilides. (1977)

Abstract Nichtoxidative Photocyclisierung von Indol‐2‐carboxaniliden ergibt überwiegend die 6 a ‐11 b ‐cis‐Isomeren von Indolo(2,3‐c)dehydrochinolin‐6‐on, während von den N‐Methyl‐Homologen nur die trans‐Isomeren erhalten werden.
Diprotected Triflylguanidines:  A New Class of Guanidinylation Reagents (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTDiprotected Triflylguanidines: A New Class of Guanidinylation ReagentsKonrad Feichtinger, Christoph Zapf, Heather L. Sings, and Murray GoodmanView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0343 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 12, 3804–3805Publication Date (Web):May 27, 1998Publication History Received9 March 1998Published online27 May 1998Published inissue 1 June 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo980425shttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo980425srapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6193Altmetric-Citations201LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amines,Chemical reactions,Guanidine,Peptides and proteins,Reagents Get e-Alerts
An improved least square support vector regression algorithm for traffic flow forecasting (2014)

Due to the nonlinear, non-stationery, complex and stochastic characteristics of short-term traffic flow time series, traditional prediction methods do not work well. This paper presents a short-term traffic flow forecasting model based on the least square support vector regression (LSSVR) algorithm, which is optimized by a glowworm swarm optimization (GSO) algorithm. The GSO algorithm is used to determine two core parameters in the learning process, which significantly influence the predicting performance in the model. An actual example of traffic flow data on one section of highway in Chengdu, China is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed LSSVR-GSO model. The experimental results show that the proposed LSSVR-GSO model has more accurate predicting results than the LSSVR model optimized by the genetic algorithm and the back-propagation neural network model.
SYMONE Project: Synaptic Molecular Networks for Bio-Inspired Information Processing (2012)

Brain-inspired approaches emphasize the need for highly connected complex networks with long-range adaptive connections (the distant synapses). If implemented with non-biological technologies, these are raising problems with respect to: charging/discharging, cross-talk, delays, losses and heating, i.e. scalability issues well-known from CMOS technologies. Instead, SYMONE will explore the functionalities of bio-inspired scalable near-neighbour (locally-connected) networks and systolic-like array architectures. The SYMONE long-term vision is to build multi-scale bio-/neuro-inspired systems interfacing/connecting molecular-scale devices to macroscopic systems for unconventional information processing with scalable neuromorphic architectures. The SYMONE computational substrate is a memristive/synaptic network controlled by a multi-terminal structure of input/output ports and internal gates embedded in a classical digital CMOS environment. The SYMONE goal is the exploration of a multiscale platform connecting molecular-scale devices into networks for the development and testing of synaptic devices and scalable neuromorphic architectures, and for investigating materials and components with new functionalities. The generic breakthrough concerns proof-of-concept of unconventional information processing involving flow of information via near-neighbour short-range (local) interactions through a network of non-linear elements: switches, memristors/synapses. These will require several breakthroughs concerning the functionality of reasonably complex networks of simple components, and the fabrication of networks of devices, including self-assembly and multi-scale interfacing/contacting between such networks.
Template-Directed Assembly of a de Novo Designed Protein (2002)

Many naturally occurring biomaterials are composed of laminated structures in which layers of beta-sheet proteins alternate with layers of inorganic mineral. These ordered laminates often have structural and mechanical properties that differ significantly from those of nonbiological materials. An important step in the construction of novel biomaterials is the creation of composites wherein a de novo designed protein assembles into an ordered structure. To achieve this goal, we layered a de novo protein onto the surface of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). The protein was derived from a combinatorial library of novel sequences designed to fold into amphiphilic beta-sheet structures. Atomic force microscopy reveals that the protein assembles on the HOPG surface into ordered fibers aligned in three orientations at 120 degrees to each other. The symmetry and extent of the ordered regions indicate that the hexagonal lattice underlying the graphite surface templates assembly of millions of protein molecules into a highly ordered structure.
Pathologic features in long-term cardiac allografts. (1990)

Pathologic conditions of six long-term orthotopic heart transplant survivors (11 to 17 years) was compared with a group of six similar heart transplant recipients surviving only 2 years. The two groups were matched as far as possible for age and sex of both recipients and donors and for immunosuppressive therapy (azathioprine and prednisone). Ischemic time, HLA-A, -B typing, acute rejection episodes, lipid profiles, and coronary angiograms were investigated in both groups. None of these parameters correlated with survival or disease of the graft. Graft coronary disease was present in 10 of 12 cases and caused graft failure in 8 of 12. All six long-surviving grafts and four of six surviving only 2 years showed occlusive coronary disease. The major difference in the two groups was in the pathologic condition of the coronary arteries in the long-term survivors, which more resembled that of naturally occurring atherosclerosis than the characteristic concentric graft coronary disease present in grafts surviving 2 years. Although the histopathologic features were different in the two groups, no investigated factor was useful in predicting graft disease and survival.
Rotordynamic Assessment for an Inside Out, High Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (2020)

High speed and high rotor tip-speed, in particular, combined with high magnetic and electrical loading, are key enablers for obtaining high specific power in electric machines. The rotor described in this paper pushes the tip speed to about 80% of the speed of sound. An outer rotor design with a carbon-fiber retaining ring on the outer diameter (OD) was chosen to maintain high magnetic loading in the airgap while ensuring structural integrity at high speed. To achieve manufactural feasibility, a cantilevered rotor structure was proposed to suspend the rotor around the stator. This architecture introduces significant rotordynamic challenges, one of which is the ”trunnion effect,” a rotordynamic effect uncommon in traditional electric machines. This effect was identified when a discrepancy was observed during a rotor test and a root-cause analysis was performed to explain it. The original rotor dynamic model was modified to include this effect, and verified through a ping test. The trunnion effect, which significantly reduces the critical speeds, can be offset by selecting appropriate dimensions for the rotor end plate using the revised model. Thus, even in the presence of this effect, the proposed unconventional motor topology is confirmed to function reliably.
Mast Cell Ultrastructure (1981)

Mast cells from the upper tarsal conjunctiva of six normal subjects, seven persons with contact lens-associated persons with contact lens-associated giant papillary conjunctivitis (CL-GPC), and six persons with vernal conjunctivitis were examined by electron microscopy. Most mast cells from normal subjects were fully granulated and showed granule forms previously reported for conjunctiva. All mast cells from patients with CL-GPC had some degree of degranulation. The number of granules in approximately 30% of mast cells from patients with CL-GPC was sufficiently reduced that the cells probably would not have been recognized as mast cells using light microscopy. Mast cells from vernal conjunctivitis patients had the most extensive degranulation. The vast majority of these cells, at least 80%, had so few granules that it is unlikely they would have been recognized as mast cells if light microscopy alone were used.
Iron(III)-Tannic Molecular Nanoparticles Enhance Autophagy effect and T1 MRI Contrast in Liver Cell Lines (2018)

Herein, a new molecular nanoparticle based on iron(III)-tannic complexes (Fe-TA NPs) is presented. The Fe-TA NPs were simply obtained by mixing the precursors in a buffered solution at room temperature, and they exhibited good physicochemical properties with capability of inducing autophagy in both hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2.2.15) and normal rat hepatocytes (AML12). The Fe-TA NPs were found to induce HepG2.2.15 cell death via autophagic cell death but have no effect on cell viability in AML12 cells. This is possibly due to the much higher uptake of the Fe-TA NPs by the HepG2.2.15 cells via the receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway. As a consequence, enhancement of the T<sub>1</sub> MRI contrast was clearly observed in the HepG2.2.15 cells. The results demonstrate that the Fe-TA NPs could provide a new strategy combining diagnostic and therapeutic functions for hepatocellular carcinoma. Additionally, because of their autophagy-inducing properties, they can be applied as autophagy enhancers for prevention and treatment of other diseases.
Polyphenol-Based Particles for Theranostics (2019)

Polyphenols, due to their high biocompatibility and wide occurrence in nature, have attracted increasing attention in the engineering of functional materials ranging from films, particles, to bulk hydrogels. Colloidal particles, such as nanogels, hollow capsules, mesoporous particles and core-shell structures, have been fabricated from polyphenols or their derivatives with a series of polymeric or biomolecular compounds through various covalent and non-covalent interactions. These particles can be designed with specific properties or functionalities, including multi-responsiveness, radical scavenging capabilities, and targeting abilities. Moreover, a range of cargos (e.g., imaging agents, anticancer drugs, therapeutic peptides or proteins, and nucleic acid fragments) can be incorporated into these particles. These cargo-loaded carriers have shown their advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, especially of cancer. In this review, we summarize the assembly of polyphenol-based particles, including polydopamine (PDA) particles, metal-phenolic network (MPN)-based particles, and polymer-phenol particles, and their potential biomedical applications in various diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Polymères à propriétés pharmacologiques potentiels: greffage par liaison amide et (ou) ester d'un hypoglycémiant (1981)

Abstract N ‐(4‐aminobenzenesulfonyl)‐ N ′‐butylurea ( 8 ) (glibutamide®) and several amino compounds were grafted on water soluble and non‐toxic polymeric backbones, with the intention to study the influence of such a carrier on the hypoglycemic effects of the drug, covalently linked by ester and (or) amide bonds. The spacer by which the drug was fixed to the polymeric carrier contained 1 to 10 atoms. So far, the hypoglycemic effect of only one polymer ( 13d ) was tested. It showed, however, negative results probably due to the amide bond of the drug which is difficult to split off.
The Biological Basis for Cardiac Repair After Myocardial Infarction (2016)

In adult mammals, massive sudden loss of cardiomyocytes after infarction overwhelms the limited regenerative capacity of the myocardium, resulting in the formation of a collagen-based scar. Necrotic cells release danger signals, activating innate immune pathways and triggering an intense inflammatory response. Stimulation of toll-like receptor signaling and complement activation induces expression of proinflammatory cytokines (such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α) and chemokines (such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/ chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 [CCL2]). Inflammatory signals promote adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells, leading to extravasation of neutrophils and monocytes. As infiltrating leukocytes clear the infarct from dead cells, mediators repressing inflammation are released, and anti-inflammatory mononuclear cell subsets predominate. Suppression of the inflammatory response is associated with activation of reparative cells. Fibroblasts proliferate, undergo myofibroblast transdifferentiation, and deposit large amounts of extracellular matrix proteins maintaining the structural integrity of the infarcted ventricle. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and members of the transforming growth factor-β family play an important role in activation of infarct myofibroblasts. Maturation of the scar follows, as a network of cross-linked collagenous matrix is formed and granulation tissue cells become apoptotic. This review discusses the cellular effectors and molecular signals regulating the inflammatory and reparative response after myocardial infarction. Dysregulation of immune pathways, impaired suppression of postinfarction inflammation, perturbed spatial containment of the inflammatory response, and overactive fibrosis may cause adverse remodeling in patients with infarction contributing to the pathogenesis of heart failure. Therapeutic modulation of the inflammatory and reparative response may hold promise for the prevention of postinfarction heart failure.
Research in Optical Symbolic Computing Tasks (1988)

Abstract : This report concentrated on the following topics: complexity studies for optical neural and digital systems and learning algorithms for neural networks. Several conference and journal papers reporting the research findings have been published. A list of publications and presentations is given at the end of the report along with a set of reprints and preprints. Connectivity and hierarchical neural networks, Digital optical parallel system complexity, Potential difference learning, Stochastic learning networks for computer vision.
GDNN: a gender-dependent neural network for continuous speech recognition (2003)

Most parametric representations of speech are highly speaker dependent, and probability distributions suitable for a certain speaker may not perform as well for other speakers. It is desirable to incorporate constraints on analysis that rely on the same speaker producing all the frames in an utterance. Experiments for speaker consistency modeling by using a classification network to help generate gender-dependent phonetic probabilities for a statistical recognition system are reported. Results show a good classification rate for the gender classification net. Simple use of such a model to augment an existing larger network that estimates phonetic probabilities does not help speech recognition performance. When the net is properly integrated in a hidden Markov model (HMM) recognizer, it significantly improves word accuracy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
REVIEW OF MICROBIAL MODELING TECHNIQUES FOR MEAT INDUSTRY (2006)

Abstract Government policies developed after seeing a series of food borne outbreaks caused by pathogenic microorganisms require the meat industry to ensure reduction or elimination of those organisms in meat products. For this, Industry needs to take up an extensive amount of work to generate and accumulate data on behavior of microorganisms in the food product. It is expensive, time consuming and laborious. Predictive microbial modeling is a rapidly emerging food safety engineering technique to model the effects of various environmental conditions in growth or survival of microorganisms during manufacturing of food. This technique can serve better in meat industry for ensuring food safety. In this paper, literature on microbial modeling techniques for meat industry is reviewed and the origin, history and development of various models; the superior performance, advantages and disadvantages of artificial neural network (ANN) based models; necessity of modeling with sufficient data; and necessity of developing tertiary models for industrial applications are outlined.
3D printed porous ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: a review (2017)

This study summarizes the recent research status and development of three-dimensional (3D)-printed porous ceramic scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. Recent literature on 3D-printed porous ceramic scaffolds was reviewed. Compared with traditional processing and manufacturing technologies, 3D-printed porous ceramic scaffolds have obvious advantages, such as enhancement of the controllability of the structure or improvement of the production efficiency. More sophisticated scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing technology. 3D printed bioceramics have broad application prospects in bone tissue engineering. Through understanding the advantages and limitations of different 3D-printing approaches, new classes of bone graft substitutes can be developed.
Non-surgical embryo transfer in pigs (2000)

Embryo transfer in pigs has been performed surgically for a long time. However, a less invasive, non-surgical, procedure of embryo transfer could be a valuable tool for research (to study embryo survival and embryo-uterus interactions) and practical applications (export, prevention of disease transmission and prevention of long distance transport of animals). Therefore the aim of this study was to develop non-surgical procedures for the collection and transfer of porcine embryos which can be used for both practical and research purposes. The development of these procedures was expected to give insight in factors which are important for embryonic survival. Non-surgical (trans-cervical) embryo collection appeared to be possible from sows with surgically resectioned uterine horns. On average 8 embryos were collected from these sows. After superovulation induction the average but variable yield was increased to 18 embryos. Non-surgical (trans-cervical) transfer of embryos to non-sedated recipients appeared to be possible. A pregnancy rate of 60% and a litter size of 11 foetuses on Day 35 of pregnancy was realised. These results appeared to be dependent on the asynchrony between donor and recipient sows and on the development of the transferred embryos. Donor sows with a high preceding litter size, produced the highest number of transferable embryos. On a certain moment after ovulation the best developed embryos resulted in the highest pregnancy rates. No relations between characteristics of recipients, like age or previous litter size, with pregnancy rates were found. Also no relations between scores of the procedure of embryo transfer (like resistance in the cervix, duration of the procedure, etc.) and pregnancy results were found. Therefore factors affecting embryonic development and their survival after non-surgical transfer need further attention.
Extremely High Glass Transition Temperature Hydrocarbon Polymers Prepared through Cationic Cyclization of Highly 3,4‐Regulated Poly(Phenyl‐1,3‐Butadiene) (2018)

A simple approach to synthesize extremely high glass transition temperature (Tg > 300 °C) hydrocarbon polymers that introduces bridged cyclic backbone and bulky pendant group simultaneously is reported. This method uses highly 3,4-regulated poly(phenyl-1,3-butadiene) as a prepolymer for cationic cyclization postmodification. The Tg of cyclized highly 3,4-regulated (94.0%) poly(1-phenyl-1,3-butadiene) (P(1-PB)) can reach 304 °C. To further restrict the movement of bridged cyclic backbone by changing the position of the pendant substituent group, highly 3,4-regulated (96.2%) poly(2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene) (P(2-PB)) is used as the prepolymer. The Tg of its cyclized product reaches 325 °C, and this value is the highest ever reported among all hydrocarbon polymers. The results indicate that the regularity of poly(phenyl-1,3-butadiene) and the pendant substituent group are crucial factors when synthesizing high-temperature hydrocarbon polymers through this approach.