gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparative X-ray study of foetal and adult sheep haemoglobins (1948)

Abstract Haemoglobins from adult sheep and from foetuses of different ages were crystallized, using a standard procedure. The optical properties, cell dimensions and space-groups of the wet and, where possible, of the air-dried crystals were determined, and surveys were made of the lower order diffraction patterns in each of the principal crystal zones. The results obtained provide additional evidence for the non-identity of the foetal and adult haemoglobins and lead to certain conclusions relevant to the general problem of haemoglobin structure. Methaemoglobin from foetuses aged less than 120 days was found to crystallize in either of two forms, each of which was different from methaemoglobin crystals of adult sheep pre­pared by the same method. Haemoglobin from later foetuses is difficult to crystallize, and its properties resemble those of artificial mixtures of adult and early foetal haemoglobins. No general picture of the structural differences between adult and foetal haemoglobin has emerged from this study, mainly because these were obscured by differences in molecular packing. Indications were found of a difference in molecular symmetry between these two proteins, and this could be correlated with different splitting properties in solution. There is also evidence of a pronounced intramolecular layering in foetal haemoglobin. A new method of controlled shrinkage of protein crystals at constant humidity was developed and applied to foetal haemoglobin crystals, which were shown to pass through a series of at least four well-defined lattices. The densities of wet adult and foetal haemoglobin crystals were measured and used for the estimation of ‘bound water’. The amounts of ‘bound water’ were of the same order as those obtained from haemoglobin crystals of other species.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Decomposition of Indole‐Substituted α‐Diazo‐β‐keto Esters: Three Different Reactions Based on Indole Oxidation State. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Growth of Tumor Derived Activated T-Cells for the Treatment of Cancer (1994)

This report describes the production of Tumor Derived Activated Cell cultures (TDAC, also called tumor infiltrating lymphocytes) from patient tumor biopsies and our preliminary experience growing these cells to therapeutic levels using artificial capillary bioreactor cultures. TDAC were successfully grown in medium containing Interleukin 2 from 80% of the 113 tumor biopsies tested. There was no significant difference in success (growth to 1 x 10(9) cells) comparing primary and metastatic tumors. Many of the tumors were shipped to the laboratory from distant sites. Success rate did decrease with the length of time for tumor transport. Interleukin 4 was beneficial in the development of 1 of 4 TDAC cultures which did not grow with IL-2 only. Seventy-seven bioreactor cultures were initiated for 31 patients. On the average, 1.9 x 10(9) TDAC were inoculated per bioreactor; 3.3 x 10(10) were harvested in 22 days. Twelve liters of medium were required per 1 x 10(10) TDAC produced. TDAC cultures contained T cells with variable ratios of CD4 to CD8 cells. Secreted granulocyte monocyte colony stimulating factor, interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor were measured in the bioreactor cartridge conditioned medium. Twenty three patients were evaluated. Partial responses were observed in 4 patients including a dramatic remission of scalp nodules in a patient with renal cancer. Results showed that therapeutic amounts of TDAC cells may be produced in a reasonable and cost effective manner using artificial capillary bioreactor cultures.
Investigation on transformer design of high frequency high efficiency dc-dc converters (2010)

This paper studies the high-frequency high-efficiency transformer design. Several novel concepts are proposed to reveal the essence of the transformer design. In order to minimize the winding loss, several winding structure are proposed and compared. The planar transformer winding with PCB or spiral windings are discussed. The key factors to achieve the low winding losses are presented. The transformer design of the LLC resonant converter is investigated. The impacts on integration of magnetizing inductance and leakage inductance are studied.
Parental obesity moderates the relationship between childhood appetitive traits and weight (2013)

The results highlight the importance of considering familial risk factors when examining the relationship between childhood appetitive traits on childhood obesity.
Multi-carrier modulation for high-rate underwater acoustic communications (2010)

The current state-of-the-art in high-rate acoustic communications is represented by adaptive multi-channel equalization of single-carrier wideband signals, which is used in real-time acoustic modems and as a benchmark for coherent communications performance. An alternative technique with significant potential for achieving high bit rates over multipath-distorted (frequency selective) channels is multi-carrier modulation (MCM). MCM has many technical advantages for acoustic communications including an increased tolerance of time synchronization errors made possible by the use of a set of narrow-band channels. In addition, each frequency channel can be transmitted using relatively narrow-band high efficient transducer and low-power amplifier. Each of MCM frequency channels can have relatively low delay spread when measured in units of the baud period and can be equalized with low-complexity algorithms and simplified array processing. The reduction of the inter-symbol interference (ISI) ISI span in each sub-channel allows for the application of sophisticated soft decision decoders, such as maximum-likelihood sequence detectors (MLSD) and adaptive BCJR MAP algorithm. These algorithms are optimal for joint channel estimation and data recovery and are the principal part of the proposed MCM system and their properties are the general objective of the paper. The adaptive form of MAP algorithm has been considered. More practical MLSD algorithm with dual loop feedback and pre-survivor (PSP) processing was tested in SPACE08 and RACE08 shallow water acoustic communications experiments and yielded excellent results.
Solubility of aluminum in cryolite-alumina electrolytes (2011)

The complex influence that additives of aluminum, calcium, lithium, and potassium fluorides have on the total solubility of aluminum in the cryolite-alumina melt is studied. The investigations were performed at a constant overheating of the melt saturated by alumina (15°C relative to the liquidus temperature). The aluminum solubility was determined via the prolonged holding of metal in the melt at a specified temperature with the subsequent sampling of the specimen, which was rapidly frozen, and the metal content in it was determined by a gas-volumetric analysis. It was seen that, as the cryolite ratio (CR) decreases from 2.5 to 2.2, the aluminum solubility in the electrolyte drops by a factor of 1.7, while the further decrease in CR to 2.1 does not cause its substantial variation. The introduction of 3 wt % LiF and 5 wt % KF into the melt with a constant overheating of the melt substantially decreases the metal solubility, namely, by a factor of 2.9 and 1.5, respectively.
Iridium Catalysts with Bicyclic Pyridine—Phosphinite Ligands: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Olefins and Furan Derivatives. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
SANREM-COMACO Workshop (2009)

This powerpoint presentation provides an introduction for a COMACO/SANREM workshop held in Chipata, Zambia in June 2009. The presentation discusses the goals and structure of the workshop, and gives an overview of COMACO. Some content of presentation is absent pending publication.
Automated USB peg-in-hole assembly employing visual servoing (2017)

An eye-to-hand vision-based automated USB peg-in-hole assembly approach is proposed in this paper. The system employs two fixed cameras to observe the manipulator gripper and a USB square hole. The features of the gripper and USB square hole are observed to determine their poses. With an appropriate encoded error defined for the assembly task, a closed-loop visual servo controller capable of driving the encoded error to zero is proposed. The velocity control command can thus be computed for driving the manipulator to perform the USB peg-in-hole assembly task. The proposed approach has been successfully validated in experiments and can be used to precisely accomplish automated USB peg-in-hole assembly tasks with uncertain location.
Recombinant protein and therapeutic monoclonal antibody drug development in the United States from 1980 to 1994 (1996)

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1996) 60, 608–618; doi:
Genome-wide single cell annotation of the human protein-coding genes (2022)

Abstract An important quest for the life science community is to deliver a complete annotation of the human building-blocks of life, the genes and the proteins. Here, we report on a genome-wide effort to annotate all protein-coding genes based on single cell transcriptomics data representing all major tissues and organs in the human body, integrated with data from bulk transcriptomics and antibody-based tissue profiling. Altogether, 25 tissues have been analyzed with single cell transcriptomics resulting in genome-wide expression in 444 single cell types using a strategy involving pooling data from individual cells to obtain genome-wide expression profiles of individual cell type. We introduce a new genome-wide classification tool based on clustering of similar expression profiles across single cell types, which can be visualized using dimensional reduction maps (UMAP). The clustering classification is integrated with a new “tau” score classification for all protein-coding genes, resulting in a measure of single cell specificity across all cell types for all individual genes. The analysis has allowed us to annotate all human protein-coding genes with regards to function and spatial distribution across individual cell types across all major tissues and organs in the human body. A new version of the open access Human Protein Atlas ( www.proteinatlas.org ) has been launched to enable researchers to explore the new genome-wide annotation on an individual gene level.
Wild speculation on consumer workloads in 2010&#x2013;2020 (2008)

Summary form only given. Games are among the most performance-intensive consumer applications, and often lead the way in bringing research technologies into practice. This occasionally leads to non-evolutionary leaps in performance and workload characteristics, such as the 1000-fold increase in 3D throughput enabled by consumer graphics accelerators beginning in 1998. The speaker will argue that another revolution in consumer computing performance is on the horizon, driven by large-scale multi-core CPUs with vector-processing extensions inspired by todaypsilas graphics processors (GPUs). He will present a view of the key problems and solutions facing consumer software developers in 2010-2020, and speculate on the shape and scale of workloads in that timeframe. The essential questions to cover are: What portions of an application can scale effectively to many cores and vector processors? How and when can concurrency research bring techniques like functional programming, software transactional memory, and vectorization into mainstream practice?
Produced-Fluid Composition Redistribution in Source Rocks for Hydrocarbon-In-Place and Thermodynamic Recovery Calculations (2019)

Summary Source rocks, such as organic-rich shale, consist of a multiscale pore structure that includes pores with sizes down to the nanoscale, contributing to the storage of hydrocarbons. In this study, we observed hydrocarbons in the source rock partition into fluids with significantly varying physical properties across the nanopore-size distribution of the organic matter. This partitioning is a consequence of the multicomponent hydrocarbon mixture stored in the nanopores, exhibiting a significant compositional variation by pore size—the smaller the pore size, the heavier and more viscous the hydrocarbon mixture becomes. The concept of composition redistribution of the produced fluids uses an equilibrium molecular simulation that considers organic matter to be a graphite membrane in contact with a microcrack that holds bulk-phase produced fluid. A new equation of state (EOS) was proposed to predict the density of the redistributed fluid mixtures in nanopores under the initial reservoir conditions. A new volumetric method was presented to ensure the density variability across the measured pore-size distribution to improve the accuracy of predicting hydrocarbons in place. The approach allowed us to account for the bulk hydrocarbon fluids and the fluids under confinement. Multicomponent fluids with redistributed compositions are capillary condensed in nanopores at the lower end of the pore-size distribution of the matrix (&amp;lt;10 nm). The nanoconfinement effects are responsible for the condensation. During production and pressure depletion, the remaining hydrocarbons become progressively heavier. Hence, hydrocarbon vaporization and desorption develop at extremely low pressures. Consequently, hydrocarbon recovery from these small pores is characteristically low.
Scaling theory of heat transport in quasi-one-dimensional disordered harmonic chains (2013)

We introduce a variant of the banded random matrix ensemble and show, using detailed numerical analysis and theoretical arguments, that the phonon heat current in disordered quasi-one-dimensional lattices obeys a one-parameter scaling law. The resulting β function indicates that an anomalous Fourier law is applicable in the diffusive regime, while in the localization regime the heat current decays exponentially with the sample size. Our approach opens a new way to investigate the effects of Anderson localization in heat conduction based on the powerful ideas of scaling theory.
Electrospun Cellulose Acetate-Garnet Nanocomposite Magnetic Fibers for Bioseparations (2013)

Cellulose acetate fibers with magnetic properties have recently attracted much attention because of their potential novel applications in biomedicine such as for cell and protein separations, magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents, and magnetic filters. In this work, as synthesized yttrium iron garnet and gadolinium substituted yttrium iron garnet nanoparticles have been used to generate magnetic filter paper. Garnet nanoparticles dispersed in cellulose acetate polymer solutions were electrospun as free-standing nonwoven fiber mats as well as on cellulose filter paper substrates resulting in magnetic filter papers. The magnetic fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetic property measurements. The resulting magnetic polymer nanocomposites can be easily picked up by an external magnet from a liquid medium. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA) was separated from solution by using the magnetic filter paper.
Security by Design Decisions für Automatisierungssysteme (2022)

Um das Design von Automatisierungssystemen noch beeinflussen zu können, müssen Security-Entscheidungen früh während des Automation-Engineering-Workflows getroffen werden („Security by Design“). Doch die beteiligten Ingenieurinnen und Ingenieure wissen oft gar nicht, welche Security-Entscheidungen sie wann treffen müssten – oder mit ihren Design-Festlegungen implizit sowieso treffen. Das vorgestellte „Automation Security by Design Decisions“-Konzept baut auf Security- Entscheidungen als zentralem Element auf und bevorzugt Security-Maßnahmen, die durch die Nutzung systemimmanenter Eigenschaften anstatt zusätzlicher Security-Lösungen umsetzbar sind. Diese systematische Entscheidungsfindung befähigt Ingenieurinnen und Ingenieure der am Automation-Engineering-Workflow beteiligten Gewerke, „ihre“ Security-Entscheidungen auch ohne dediziertes Security-Knowhow selbst zu treffen.
An Improved Rotor Position Estimation With Vector-Tracking Observer in PMSM Drives With Low-Resolution Hall-Effect Sensors (2010)

This paper presents an improved approach for estimating high-resolution rotor position in permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives with low-resolution Hall-effect sensors. A vector-tracking position observer in conjunction with discrete Hall sensors' output signals has been proposed, which is similar to a phase-locked loop structure. It consists of a position error detector, based on the vector cross product of the unit back-electromotive-force vectors obtained from a stator electrical model, and a proportional–integral-typed controller to make the position error rapidly converge to zero. This structure does not only compensate the misalignment effect of Hall sensors but also enhance their transient operating capability. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been verified from several experiments in a low-voltage PMSM drive for automotive applications.
Abstract P015: Objectively Measured Step Counts Was Independently Associated With Higher Cognition in Apparently Healthy Japanese Men (2018)

Introduction: A positive association between physical activity and cognition has been reported. However, very few pertinent studies have evaluated physical activity by objective measures. Hypothesis: In a community-based sample of non-demented men, objectively measured step count was positively associated with higher cognitive function. Methods: The Shiga Epidemiological Study of Subclinical Atherosclerosis (SESSA) randomly recruited community-dwelling apparently healthy men aged 40-79 years from Shiga, Japan, and measured their step counts over 7 consecutive days using a pedometer (DIGI-Walker, DW-200) at baseline (2006-08). Among 853 mem who returned for follow-up (2010-12), we assessed their cognition using Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) score. The score can range from 0 to 100, and higher score indicates better cognition. We restricted our analyses to those with a valid 7-day average step count at baseline and who remained free of stroke (N=678). We calculated crude and adjusted mean CASI score according to quartile of average step count using linear regression models. All adjusting covariates used in models were asssessed at baseline including age, educational attainment, smoking, and drinking. Results: The mean [standard deviation] of age and unadjusted score were 63.8 [9.1] years and 90.8 [5.8]. Mean CASI score was higher in higher quartile of average step: 90.2, 90.4, 90.6, and 91.8 from the lowest to the highest quartile of average step ( P for trend =0.004) in a model adjusted for age and education. Further adjustment for smoking, drinking and other cardiovascular risk factors resulted in similar pattern of association (Table 1). Conclusions: Apparently healthy Japanese men with greater 7-day average step count at baseline measured with pedometer was associated with a small but significantly higher CASI score than those with fewer step count. The finding is consistent with the hypothesis that physical activity is protective for cognition in non-demented individuals.
Supplementary Figure S2 and Table S4 from RG7386, a Novel Tetravalent FAP-DR5 Antibody, Effectively Triggers FAP-Dependent, Avidity-Driven DR5 Hyperclustering and Tumor Cell Apoptosis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2. Related to Figure 3. In vitro characterization of the FAP-DR5 BsAb RG7386; Table S4. Characterization of RG7386 binding avidities.&lt;/p&gt;
[Antagonistic effect of myricetin on platelet activing factor]. (2003)

The specific receptor binding of PAF can be antagonized by myricetin.
Book review : Survey of the year 2004: literature on applications of isothermal titration calorimetry (2005)

The market for commercially available isothermal titration calorimeters continues to grow as new applications and methodologies are developed. Concomitantly the number of users (and abusers) increases dramatically, resulting in a steady increase in the number of publications in which isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) plays a role. In the present review, we will focus on areas where ITC is making a significant contribution and will highlight some interesting applications of the technique. This overview of papers published in 2004 also discusses current issues of interest in the development of ITC as a tool of choice in the determination of the thermodynamics of molecular recognition and interaction.
Adaptive HF radio test results using real-time channel evaluation systems (1994)

To facilitate the development of anti-interference features for proposed Federal Standard 1049 (adaptive high-frequency (HF) radio standard), adaptive radio systems and concepts have been solicited from Government and industry. One such contribution is an adaptive HF radio system, termed the SMARTNET (Skywave Management for Automatic Robust Transmission Network), that is capable of adapting power, data rate, and frequency under the direction of a network control computer. A recent over-the-air test was conducted to characterize system behavior on an 1100 kM test link between Boulder, CO, and Richardson, TX. A second adaptive system, capable of adapting frequency and based upon the Federal Standard 1045 Automatic Link Establishment (ALE) protocols, operated in parallel with the SMARTNET system during the test period. Data was collected automatically from both systems and analyzed off-line so that the results were compared with predicted data generated by the Ionospheric Communication Enhanced Profile Analysis Circuit Prediction Program (ICEPAC). ICEPAC is an improvement on the older Ionospheric Communications Analysis and Prediction Program (IONCAP). Comparison of the two systems consisted of: (1) power required to maintain the link, (2) selection of the best frequency, and (3) link availability percentage. This paper presents these results, and where appropriate, attempts to draw conclusions as to the significance of future adaptive HF data networks, and to the emerging Federal Standard 1049 interoperability standard.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>