gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new drug delivery system for local cancer chemotherapy using cisplatin and chitin. (1995)

A new drug delivery system for local cancer chemotherapy was developed by chemical combination of chitin and cisplatin. When this material (Plachitin) was implanted in mice, high cisplatin concentrations were measured in the tissue around Plachitin for more than eight weeks without any nephrotoxicity. Local application of Plachitin improved the survival of mice previously implanted with Ehrlich tumor (p < 0.05). The present study indicates that Plachitin is a useful local agent for solid tumors due to its slow and sustained release of a large amount of cisplatin around the tumor without systemic side effects.
Monodispersed Silica−Titanyl Sulfate Microspheres (2001)

We report on the synthesis of monodispersed individual silica−titanyl sulfate (SiO2−TS) spheres with the dimensions varying from 350 to 900 nm. An important factor leading to complete and uniform coating of SiO2 spheres with a ca. 40 nm thick layer of TS is the ratio, φ, between the amount of TS added to the silica dispersion and the total available surface area of SiO2 spheres. For the size range of SiO2 particles varying between ca. 300 and 800 nm, the optimum value of φ varied from 0.05 to 0.09 g/cm2, above which extensive aggregation of composite particles occurred. The encapsulation of SiO2 microspheres was driven by heterocoagulation between the positively charged TS clusters and the negatively charged SiO2 particles.
Prevulcanized Natural Rubber Latex/Modified Lignin Dispersion for Water Vapour Barrier Coatings on Paperboard Packaging (2008)

Modified natural rubber latex can be used as paperboard barrier coating in order to replace unrecyclable wax coating material. Natural rubber latex (NRL) was prevucanized in different time interval and the efficiency of crosslinking were determined by swelling ratio test. Prevulcanized natural rubber latex (Pre-VNRL) was blended with modified lignin dispersion to decrease sticking tendency of the coatings. Particle size of lignin dispersion was reduced by Mannish reaction using octylamine which can increase hydrophobility in lignin. Compared with Pre-VNRL coating, a reduction of water vapour transition rate (WVTR) was observed in blendingcoated paper. Such moisture-barrier behaviour is attributable to a good compatibility of the nanosized modified lignin particles with rubber. The blocking (sticking) tendency decreased with the content increase of lignin due to stiffness of lignin.
Redistribution of Glucose From Skeletal Muscle to Adipose Tissue During Catch-Up Fat (2005)

Catch-up growth, a risk factor for later obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, is characterized by hyperinsulinemia and an accelerated rate for recovering fat mass, i.e., catch-up fat. To identify potential mechanisms in the link between hyperinsulinemia and catch-up fat during catch-up growth, we studied the in vivo action of insulin on glucose utilization in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in a previously described rat model of weight recovery exhibiting catch-up fat caused by suppressed thermogenesis per se. To do this, we used euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps associated with the labeled 2-deoxy-glucose technique. After 1 week of isocaloric refeeding, when body fat, circulating free fatty acids, or intramyocellular lipids in refed animals had not yet exceeded those of controls, insulin-stimulated glucose utilization in refed animals was lower in skeletal muscles (by 20-43%) but higher in white adipose tissues (by two- to threefold). Furthermore, fatty acid synthase activity was higher in adipose tissues from refed animals than from fed controls. These results suggest that suppressed thermogenesis for the purpose of sparing glucose for catch-up fat, via the coordinated induction of skeletal muscle insulin resistance and adipose tissue insulin hyperresponsiveness, might be a central event in the link between catch-up growth, hyperinsulinemia and risks for later metabolic syndrome.
Proceso de capacitaciones posgraduadaa estudiantes de seminario de graduacióndel departamento de cienciaseconómicas y administrativas (2013)

El nuevo modelo educativo de la UNAN-Managua, FAREM-CARAZO, nos habla de la sociedad del conocimiento que se caracteriza por la velocidad con que dia a dia se crean nuevos conocimientos y la rapidez con que estos evolucionan.

La formacion de profesionales que son capaces de aprender a aprender y desarrollar un aprendizaje autonomo es una linea de trabajo de caracter estrategico para nuestra universidad.
Time-convolutionless reduced-density-operator theory of an arbitrary driven system coupled to a stochastic reservoir. II. Optical gain and line-shape function of a driven semiconductor (1995)

In this paper, recently developed time-convolutionless quantum-kinetic equations for electron-hole pairs near the band edge are used to derive the optical gain and the line-shape function of a driven semiconductor taking into account excitonic effects. The equation of motion for the interband pair amplitude is integrated directly assuming the quasiequilibrium or adiabatic approximation. It is shown that the line shape of the optical-gain spectra is Gaussian for the simplest non-Markovian quantum kinetics. On the other hand, the line-shape function becomes Lorentzian, which has been assumed in most practical calculations, in the Markovian limit. It is also shown that the optical gain is enhanced by (1) excitonic effects caused by the attractive electron-hole Coulomb interaction and (2) interference effects (or renormalized memory effects) between the external driving field and the stochastic reservoir of the system. Gain enhancement by the memory effects can be interpreted as the result of the violation of energy conservation on the time scale shorter than the correlation time.
MUREL: Multimodal Relational Reasoning for Visual Question Answering (2019)

Multimodal attentional networks are currently state-of-the-art models for Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks involving real images. Although attention allows to focus on the visual content relevant to the question, this simple mechanism is arguably insufficient to model complex reasoning features required for VQA or other high-level tasks. In this paper, we propose MuRel, a multimodal relational network which is learned end-to-end to reason over real images. Our first contribution is the introduction of the MuRel cell, an atomic reasoning primitive representing interactions between question and image regions by a rich vectorial representation, and modeling region relations with pairwise combinations. Secondly, we incorporate the cell into a full MuRel network, which progressively refines visual and question interactions, and can be leveraged to define visualization schemes finer than mere attention maps. We validate the relevance of our approach with various ablation studies, and show its superiority to attention-based methods on three datasets: VQA 2.0, VQA-CP v2 and TDIUC. Our final MuRel network is competitive to or outperforms state-of-the-art results in this challenging context. Our code is available: github.com/Cadene/murel.bootstrap.pytorch
‘Corynebacterium fournierii,’ a new bacterial species isolated from the vaginal sample of a patient with bacterial vaginosis (2017)

Here we describe briefly <i>'Corynebacterium fournierii'</i> strain Marseille P2948 (= CSUR P2948 = DSM103271), a new bacterium that was isolated from the vaginal sample of a 21-year-old woman with bacterial vaginosis.
A slot-scanned photodiode-array/CCD hybrid detector for digital mammography (2002)

We have developed a novel direct conversion detector for use in a slot-scanning digital mammography system. The slot-scan concept allows for dose efficient scatter rejection and the ability to use small detectors to produce a large-area image. The detector is a hybrid design with a 1.0 mm thick silicon PIN photodiode array (the x-ray absorber) indium-bump bonded to a CCD readout that is operated in time-delay integration (TDI) mode. Because the charge capacity requirement for good image quality exceeds the capabilities of standard CCDs, a novel CCD was developed. This CCD consists of 24 independent sections, each acting as a miniature CCD with eight rows for TDI. The signal from each section is combined off-chip to produce a full signal image. The MTF and DQE for the device was measured at several exposures and compared to a linear systems model of signal and noise propagation. Because of the scanning nature of TDI imaging, both the MTF(f) and DQE(f) are reduced along the direction of the scanning motion. For a 26 kVp spectrum, the DQE(0) was measured to be 0.75+/-0.02 for an exposure of 1.29 x 10(-5) C/kg (50 mR).
Manufacturing of High-Performance Bi-Metal Bevel Gears by Combined Deposition Welding and Forging (2018)

The present paper describes a new method concerning the production of hybrid bevel gears using the Tailored Forming technology. The main idea of the Tailored Forming involves the creation of bi-metal workpieces using a joining process prior to the forming step and targeted treatment of the resulting joint by thermo-mechanical processing during the subsequent forming at elevated temperatures. This improves the mechanical and geometrical properties of the joining zone. The aim is to produce components with a hybrid material system, where the high-quality and expensive material is located in highly stressed areas only. When used appropriately, it is possible to reduce costs by using fewer high-performance materials than in a component made of a single material. There is also the opportunity to significantly increase performance by combining special load-tailored high-performance materials. The core of the technology consists in the material-locking coating of semi-finished parts by means of plasma-transferred-arc welding (PTA) and subsequent forming. In the presented investigations, steel cylinders made of C22.8 are first coated with the higher-quality heat-treatable steel 41Cr4 using PTA-welding and then hot-formed in a forging process. It could be shown that the applied coating can be formed successfully by hot forging processes without suffering any damage or defects and that the previous weld structure is completely transformed into a homogeneous forming-typical structure. Thus, negative thermal influences of the welding process on the microstructure are completely neutralized.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocycles in Organic Synthesis: Thiazoles and Triazoles as Exemplar Cases of Synthetic Auxiliaries (2010)

Abstract Review: key role of thiazole in the syntheses of carbohydrate‐based bioactive molecules; use of 1,2,3‐triazole as robust linker of complex molecules such as glycosyl amino acids, non‐natural nucleotides, 1,6‐oligomannosides and sialoside clusters on calixarene platform; &lt;100 refs.
Low Voltage Ride Through solution for Doubly Fed Wind-Power Induction Generator and experimental validation (2010)

Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) technology of Doubly Fed Wind-Power Induction Generator (DFIG) is a very important issue for grid-connection of wind power system. The paper analyzed and simulated dynamic response of DFIG under gird voltage dip. Aiming at this problem, the paper proposed a whole set of LVRT control strategies for DFIG and designed a control logic diagram for the above strategies. In order to validate the effectiveness of the strategies, this paper carried out a detailed experimental validation on a 22KW DFIG driving system test platform, which was connected to a voltage-dip generator. The experimental waveforms indicated that the proposed control strategy could effectively implement LVRT under different dip depth and time.
Commentary on transcutaneous delivery (2011)

This article is categorized under: Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine &gt; Toxicology of Nanomaterials
Chairs' welcome for GECCO'17 workshop "evolution in cognition" (2017)

Even though evolution by means of natural selection is a simple process, it has resulted in the vastness of life forms that today exist and ever existed, and which include complex traits such as the cognitive capacity of humans. Having noted the potential of evolution's creative power, scientists have attempted to mimick this process through the use of Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs), an efficient and robust set of computational tools for optimization, which also offers a methodology for the generation of innovative solutions to novel problems.
Do shareholder views affect corporate political activities? (2022)

In this paper, we study shareholder views on corporate political contributions. We find that, with shareholders' explicit approval, firms are more likely to have higher corporate political contribution, measured by the amount of donations to the US political parties in the next election cycle. Firm's political contributions also have a positive long-run impact on firm valuations. When analysing firm's political ideology, we find weak evidence that Democratic party may benefit more from this shareholder's support than Republican party, particularly in case of firms which have recently switched their political ideology to Democratic party. Our results show that shareholders' explicit approval has an impact on firm's engagement of political activities and imply that if the shareholders stand at the same side of the firms, firms engage more in politically-related corporate activities. Our key results are supported in a regression discontinuity design and are robust to two-way clustered standard errors.
Lenvatinib + pembrolizumab in patients with advanced endometrial cancer: Updated results. (2018)

5596 Background: Lenvatinib (LEN) is an inhibitor of VEGFR 1−3, FGFR 1−4, and other kinases. Pembrolizumab (PEM) is an anti-PD-1 antibody. We report updated interim results from a phase 1b/2 study evaluating LEN + PEM in patients (pts) with advanced endometrial cancer (EC) (NCT02501096). Methods: In this multicenter, open-label study, pts with histologically confirmed EC irrespective of microsatellite instability (MSI) or mismatch repair (MMR) status and measurable disease per immune-related RECIST (irRECIST) received LEN (20 mg PO QD) plus PEM (200 mg IV Q3W). Tumor assessments were performed by investigators using irRECIST. The primary phase 2 endpoint was objective response rate at 24 weeks (ORRWK24), calculated only for evaluable pts who had 24 weeks of follow up or discontinued treatment or died prior to 24 weeks. Secondary endpoints included ORR (full analysis set), progression-free survival (PFS), and duration of response (DOR). Results: At data cutoff of Aug 1 2017, 54 pts were enrolled [endometrioid: Gr 1 (7), Gr 2 (12), Gr 3 (5); serous (18); others (8); unknown (4)]. Three (6%) pts were MSI-high (MSI-H); 43 (80%) were non-MSI-H/proficient MMR (MMRp); 8 (15%) were not done/unknown. Median follow-up for PFS was 4.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7–7.6). ORRWK24 was 50.0% (95% CI, 32.4–67.6), and all responses were confirmed. ORR was 36.7% (95% CI, 23.4–51.7), which reflects the short follow-up time for pts with later enrollment. Median DOR has not yet been reached (not estimable [NE], 95% CI, 4.1–NE) and median PFS was 10.1 months (95% CI, 5.3–NE). Of the 3 MSI-H pts, 1 achieved partial response, 1 had stable disease, and 1 had progressive disease. For non-MSI-H/MMRp pts, ORRWK24 was 50.0% (95% CI, 29.9–70.1). Grade 3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 32 (59%) pts; there were no Grade 4 TRAEs. 3 (6%) pts discontinued treatment due to a TRAE. The most common TRAEs were hypertension (59%), fatigue (50%), diarrhea (44%), hypothyroidism (35%), and stomatitis (33%). Conclusions: Combination LEN + PEM demonstrated encouraging activity in advanced EC regardless of MSI/MMR status, with no new safety signals identified. A randomized, international, 2-arm, phase 3 study in recurrent EC is planned. Clinical trial information: NCT02501096.
Optimal Vehicle Trajectories for Emergency Obstacle Avoidance (2003)

This paper is dealing with optimal vehicle trajectories for emergency obstacle avoidance situation. A vehicle trajectory problem is formulated as an optimal control problem that finds the solution that minimize an objective function and satisfies both boundary and path constraints. The objective function consists of tire workload and control effort. A numerical technique called a direct optimization method is used for the optimization of the steering and braking torque command. Optimal usage of control inputs in emergency obstacle avoidance situation is discussed.
Querying peer-to-peer networks using P-trees (2004)

We propose a new distributed, fault-tolerant peer-to-peer index structure called the <B>P-tree</B>. P-trees efficiently evaluate range queries in addition to equality queries.
Real-time primer design for DNA chips (2004)

The design of PCR or DNA chip experiments is a time consuming process where bioinformatics is extensively used. The selection of the primers, which are immobilized on the DNA chip, requires a complex algorithm. Based on several parameters an optimized set of primers is automatically detected for a given gene sequence. This paper describes a parallel architecture which performs the optimization of the primer selection on a hardware accelerator. In contrast to the pure software approach, the parallel architecture gains a speedup of factor 500 using a PCI based hardware accelerator. This approach allows an optimization of a specified primer set in real-time.
Obesity and Immunity (2000)

Obesity is defined as an excessive accumulation of body fat stores caused by a mismatch between energy intake and energy expenditure. A clinical definition of obesity is a body mass index (weight/height2) exceeding 30. A major consequence of obesity and, therefore, a major reason for the intense efforts to understand it are the increased health risks associated with obesity (see Fig. 1) for risk stratification by weight and height). Obese subjects have been reported to be significantly more susceptible to coronary heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus relative to normal, nonobese subjects. Unfortunately, data from national surveys indicate that the prevalence of obesity in the United States has markedly increased (Fig. 2).
Incidence and Extent of Venous Sequelae With Intravenous Diazepam Utilizing a Standardized Conscious Sedation Technique: Part II: Effects of Injection Site (1983)

The effects of site of venipuncture on the incidence of venous sequelae, utilizing a standard protocol, were assessed on 48 human subjects. Data were also recorded based on various demographic and clinical variables, including age, sex, race, vein diameter, dose, procedure time, IV fluid volume, injection pain and initial blood flow velocity. When the site of venipuncture was the antecubital fossa there was a significantly lower incidence of venous sequelae than when the venipuncture site was the dorsum of the hand, with the significant variables being venous diameter and procedure time. These findings further support the antecubital fossa as a preferred venipuncture site to the dorsum of the hand; however, there was a sufficient incidence of venous complications (37%) when the antecubital fossa was used to warrant consideration of contributory factors other than site. It appears that time of continuous infusion is a critical element and should be kept at a minimum. Also, subjects in whom Valium was injected demonstrated significantly more venous sequelae than those in whom 5% dextrose in water was injected, confirming previous reports that diazepam is irritating to the endothelial lining and thus is thrombogenic.
Automated classification of clustered microcalcifications into malignant and benign types (2000)

The objectives in this study were to design and test a fully automated method for classification of microcalcification clusters into malignant and benign types, and to compare the method's performance with that of radiologists. A novel aspect of the approach is that the relative location and orientation of clusters inside the breast was taken into account for feature calculation. Furthermore, correspondence of location of clusters in mediolateral oblique (MLO) and cranio-caudal (CC) views, was used in feature calculation and in final classification. Initially, microcalcifications were automatically detected by using a statistical method based on Bayesian techniques and a Markov random field model. To determine malignancy or benignancy of a cluster, a method based on two classification steps was developed. In the first step, classification of clusters was performed and in the second step a patient based classification was done. A total of 16 features was used in the study. To identify meaningful features, a feature selection was applied, using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (Az value) as a criterion. For classification the k-nearest-neighbor method was used in a leave-one-patient-out procedure. A database of 192 mammograms with 280 true positive detected microcalcification clusters was used for evaluation of the method. The set consisted of cases that were selected for diagnostic work up during a 4 year period of screening in the Nijmegen region (The Netherlands). Because of the high positive predictive value in the screening program (50%), this set did not contain obvious benign cases. The method's best patient-based performance on this set corresponded with Az = 0.83, using nine features. A subset of the data set, containing mammograms from 90 patients, was used for comparing the computer results to radiologists' performance. Ten radiologists read these cases on a light-box and assessed the probability of malignancy for each patient. All participants had experience in clinical mammography and participated in our observer study during the last 2 days of a 2-week training session leading to screening mammography certification. Results on the subset showed that the method's performance (Az = 0.83) was considerably higher than that of the radiologists (Az = 0.63).
Distributed Neural Network System for Multimodal Sleep Stage Detection (2023)

Existing automatic sleep stage detection methods predominantly use convolutional neural network classifiers (CNNs) trained on features extracted from single-modality signals such as electroencephalograms (EEG). On the other hand, multimodal approaches propose very complexly stacked network structures with multiple CNN branches merged by a fully connected layer. It leads to very high computational and data requirements. This study proposes replacing a stacked network with a distributed neural network system for multimodal sleep stage detection. It has relatively low computational and training data requirements while providing highly competitive results. The proposed multimodal classification and decision-making system (MM-DMS) method applies a fully connected shallow neural network, arbitrating between classification outcomes given by an assembly of independent convolutional neural networks (CNNs), each using a different single-modality signal. Experiments conducted on the CAP Sleep Database data, including the EEG-, ECG-, and EMG modalities representing six stages of sleep, show that the MM-DMS significantly outperforms each single-modality CNN. The fully-connected shallow network arbitration included in the MM-DMS outperforms the traditional majority voting-, average probability-, and maximum probability decision-making methods.
The Microbiota Is Essential for the Generation of Black Tea Theaflavins-Derived Metabolites (2012)

The microbiota is important for the metabolism of theaflavins in both mice and humans. The in vivo functional impact of microbiota-generated theaflavins-derived metabolites is worthwhile of further study.