gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Indirect (n,γ) cross sections of thorium cycle nuclei using the surrogate method (2012)

Indirect neutron capture ($n$,$\ensuremath{\gamma}$) cross sections have been extracted for the key thorium cycle nuclei ${}^{232}$Th, ${}^{231}$Pa, and ${}^{230}$Th using the surrogate reaction method. Final nucleus $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-decay probabilities were measured between the neutron binding energy and around 1 MeV above it using the ${}^{232}$Th(d,p)${}^{233}$Th, ${}^{232}$Th(${}^{3}$He,t)${}^{232}$Pa, and ${}^{232}$Th(${}^{3}$He,$\ensuremath{\alpha}$)${}^{231}$Th reactions in experiments with the CACTUS $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-detector array and Silicon Ring charged-particle detectors at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory. Because the neutron capture cross section for ${}^{232}$Th is already well known from direct measurements a comparison with these results provides a stringent test of the applicability of the surrogate method in the actinide region for indirect ($n$,$\ensuremath{\gamma}$) cross-section measurements. In addition, a new technique for correcting measured $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray decay probabilities below the neutron emission energy threshold is proposed and used. We find good agreement between indirect and direct ($n$,$\ensuremath{\gamma}$) cross-section measurements in the range 500 keV--1 MeV, but large discrepancies outside this range. Explanations for the observed differences are proposed.
EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION CURRICULUM PRESENTED TO AT-RISK STUDENTS AT LUCAS CHARTER SCHOOL (2002)

This study investigated and measured the effectiveness of integrating technology education with a math unit to address fractional computational deficiencies prevalent among some members of a group of Oppositionally Defiant Disorder high school students attending Lucas Charter School.A technology education unit was created and used to benefit the students and gather data for this study.A combination of motivation stemming from the students ownership of the goals of the unit and the integration of curriculum manifest into the improvement to grade
The INVENT COVID trial: a structured protocol for a randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy and safety of intravenous imatinib mesylate (Impentri®) in subjects with acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by COVID-19 (2022)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04794088 . Registered on 11 March 2021.
An atlas and practical guide to histology (1998)

"This Atlas and Practical Guide to Histology is designed primarily as a practical guide to be used in conjunction with the box of histology slides which is available to students of histology in the University of Queensland [slides are available to UQ students of histology via the Aperio Slide Manager. Use your course log in]. - A word from the author.Accessing resource: Log in to UQ eSpace by clicking on the login icon in the top right corner of the page using your UQ credentials. Download the ZIP file to your computer and extract ISO and Text files. Open ‘Read me.txt’ file for instructions on how to mount ISO file.
Does microglial dysfunction play a role in autism and Rett syndrome? (2011)

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) including classic autism is a group of complex developmental disabilities with core deficits of impaired social interactions, communication difficulties and repetitive behaviors. Although the neurobiology of ASDs has attracted much attention in the last two decades, the role of microglia has been ignored. Existing data are focused on their recognized role in neuroinflammation, which only covers a small part of the pathological repertoire of microglia. This review highlights recent findings on the broader roles of microglia, including their active surveillance of brain microenvironments and regulation of synaptic connectivity, maturation of brain circuitry and neurogenesis. Emerging evidence suggests that microglia respond to pre- and postnatal environmental stimuli through epigenetic interface to change gene expression, thus acting as effectors of experience-dependent synaptic plasticity. Impairments of these microglial functions could substantially contribute to several major etiological factors of autism, such as environmental toxins and cortical underconnectivity. Our recent study on Rett syndrome, a syndromic autistic disorder, provides an example that intrinsic microglial dysfunction due to genetic and epigenetic aberrations could detrimentally affect the developmental trajectory without evoking neuroinflammation. We propose that ASDs provide excellent opportunities to study the influence of microglia on neurodevelopment, and this knowledge could lead to novel therapies.
<title>Printability of laser mask repairs at deep UV</title> (1995)

Over 50% of today's 5X reticles require some sort of repair to meet the zero defect criteria. A successful repair must remove materials so the aerial image of the defective site is identical to that of a nondefective site within the tolerance required by the printing process. Shorter printing wavelengths increase sensitivity to surface roughness and deposited films. In this study, three different laser repair techniques were used to remove selected defects from a standard KLA defect printability reticle and the reticle was printed onto wafers at 248 nm. An atomic force microscope (AFM), aerial image measurement system (AIMS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to evaluate the reticle and wafer sites.
Weed Control and Plant Residue Maintenance with Various Tillage Treatments in a Winter Wheat‐Fallow Rotation1 (1969)

Abstract Late spring tillage gave the most effective weed control in a winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)‐fallow rotation. Downy brome ( Bromus tectorum L.) populations in winter wheat on May 1 following plow, one‐way, and sweep plow fallow treatments were 11, 22, and 24 plants per square meter, respectively. Tillages only in July or August with the sweep plow or one‐way did not effectively control downy brome in the subsequent wheat crop. Yields of winter wheat were highest on the mold‐board plow plots followed by one‐way and sweep plow plots tilled in July and again in April. July tillages with the sweep plow or one‐way resulted in the lowest winter wheat yields. During the fallow year, weed control in June was best on moldboard‐plowed plots followed by May tillages with the sweep plow and the one‐way. Quantities of plant residues on the soil surface prior to seeding winter wheat on sweep plow, one‐way, and plot treatments were 896, 728, and 54 kg/ha, respectively.
Possibilities of failure detection and identification (FDI) in a train localization system (2002)

Traditional train control has been discrete speed and position control via fixed block quantization. The principle of continuous train control especially its high performance version, moving block, is being used more for high speed trains or for urban transit, introducing the problem of obtaining vital continuous measurements of position and speed. Omitting position discrete measuring devices (except for synchronization), there is the problem of how to obtain a safety related interval of confidence, the true value of the measured quantity is guaranteed to stay within according to the safety standard. It has been shown that use of consistent data is an integral aspect to achieve this objective. Therefore FDI algorithms have to be applied to the measurement data. There are several requirements on the FDI algorithms, if used in vital systems. These requirements are formulated and it is examined how FDI algorithms fulfil these requirements. Considering the aspect of safety issues the authors further propose a classification scheme for these algorithms focussing especially on analytical redundancy. The goal of this scheme is firstly to allow an orientation in the 'jungle of FDI' and secondly to provide the possibility to project results for one algorithm of a class to an other algorithm of that particular class. The classification scheme as well as the examinations of the algorithms' ability to meet the safety requirements are explained by applying examples to measurement data obtained from a complex train simulator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fault Detection and Branch Identification for HVDC Grids (2014)

A multi-converter network, either radial or meshed, requires not only a means of clearing faults on the DC network but also means of detecting and locating these faults. The characteristics of these DC side faults are fundamentally different to those in AC systems and therefore a DC network protection system requires special consideration. This paper explores the types of fault currents and fault clearance methods within DC networks along with proposing a method of detecting and locating these faults.
Dominance of an <i>UBA1</i> mutant clone over a <i>CALR</i> mutant clone: from essential thrombocytemia to VEXAS. (2021)

International audience
Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I levels regulate colon cancer growth and metastasis. (2002)

It has been shown previously that slight elevations in serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) are correlated with an increased risk for developing prostate, breast, colon, and lung cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the role of serum IGF-I levels in the process of stimulating tumor growth and metastasis in a mouse model of colon cancer. Colon 38 adenocarcinoma tissue fragments were orthotopically transplanted by attachment to the surface of the cecum in control and liver-specific IGF-I-deficient (LID) mice in which serum IGF-I levels are 25% of that in control mice. A total of 156 male mice at 5 weeks of age (74 control mice and 82 LID mice) received tumor transplants. Mice were divided randomly into two groups; one group was injected i.p. with recombinant human IGF-I (2 mg/kg) twice daily for 6 weeks, and the other group received saline injections. IGF-I treatment increased the serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in both control and LID mice. In the saline-injected group, the incidence of tumor growth on the cecum as well as the frequency of hepatic metastasis was significantly higher in control mice as compared with LID mice. Both control and LID mice treated with recombinant human IGF-I displayed significantly increased rates of tumor development on the cecum and metastasis to the liver, as compared with saline-injected mice. The number of metastatic nodules in the liver was significantly higher in control mice as compared with LID mice. The expression of vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as vessel abundance in the cecum tumors was dependent on the levels of serum IGF-I. This study supports the hypothesis that circulating IGF-I levels play an important role in tumor development and metastasis.
Raman spectroscopy for probing chemically/physically induced phenomena in carbon nanotubes (2003)

The use of recent advances in resonance Raman spectroscopy studies on isolated carbon nanotubes and the scientific knowledge achieved so far from these studies is discussed in the context of advancing carbon nanotube-based technology. Changes in the Raman spectra can be used to probe and monitor structural modifications of the nanotube sidewalls that come from the introduction of defects and the attachment of different chemical species. The former effect can be probed through the analysis of the disorder-induced Raman modes and the latter through the upshifts/downshifts observed in the various Raman modes due to charge transfer effects.
Extent of atrial participation in atrioventricular-reciprocating tachycardia. (1983)

Twenty-one patients with atrioventricular (AV) bypass tracts underwent electrophysiologic studies. The bypass tract was left-sided in 15 patients, septal in five and right-sided in one patient. Orthodromic AV-reciprocating tachycardia was induced in all 21 patients, with a mean tachycardia cycle length of 342 +/- 59 msec. The introduction of single stimuli in the high right atrium during tachycardia resulted in simultaneous dissociation of the high right atrial and low septal atrial electrograms in nine patients. In six patients, high right atrial overdrive pacing during tachycardia resulted in simultaneous dissociation of the high right atrial and low septal atrial electrograms for two to five consecutive beats. All patients in whom the low septal atrial electrogram was dissociated from the tachycardia had a left-sided bypass tract. In no patient was the coronary sinus atrial electrogram dissociated from the tachycardia by high right atrial pacing. Dissociation of the low septal atrial electrogram (as recorded in the His bundle electrogram) from AV-reciprocating tachycardia suggests that the portion of the right atrium adjacent to the AV node may not be a necessary link in the tachycardia circuit. This observation suggests that the site of entry of left-sided impulses into the AV node may be different from that of right-sided impulses.
Proto‐oncogene fos: Factors Affecting Expression and Covalent Modification of the Gene Product (1987)

Expression of proto-oncogene fos is induced in response to a variety of growth factors and differentiation-specific agents. However, the induction of fos gene expression is not influenced by inhibition of protein synthesis. We, therefore, entertained the notion that expression of the fos gene may be governed by posttranslational modification of cellular transcriptional factors. We report here that transcription of the human c-fos gene is modulated by negatively and positively acting cellular factors. The nuclear protein products of the resident oncogene of the FBJ-murine osteosarcoma virus (v-fos) and its corresponding cellular proto-oncogene (c-fos) are stoichiometrically phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues. The c-fos protein is more highly phosphorylated than the v-fos protein due to the phosphorylation of unique sites tentatively localized to the c-terminal 20 amino acid residues. The protein kinase C agonist, TPA, stimulates phosphorylation of the c-fos, but not the v-fos protein.
Overexpression of ADK in human astrocytic tumors and peritumoral tissue is related to tumor‐associated epilepsy (2011)

These results suggest a dysregulation of ADK in astrocytic brain tumors. Moreover, the upregulation of ADK observed in peritumoral infiltrated tissue of glioma patients with epilepsy supports the role of this enzyme in tumor-associated epilepsy.
Noninvasive diagnosis of acute rejection of renal allografts (2010)

We are pleased with the progress to date, and anticipate clinical trials investigating the hypotheses that noninvasively ascertained mRNA profiles will minimize the need for invasive biopsy procedures, predict the development of acute rejection and chronic allograft nephropathy, facilitate preemptive therapy capable of preserving graft function, and facilitate personalization of immunosuppressive therapy for the allograft recipient.
Abstract 817: Glucose Loading Increases Adiponectin Levels in Subjects With Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Impairs Endothelial Function (2009)

Background: Adiponectin is an adipokine with beneficial effect on vascular function. Although adiponectin levels are decreased in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), it is unclear whether impaire...
Suppression of in Vitro Lymphocyte Transformation by Serum from Dogs with Generalized Demodicosis (1975)

Serum from dogs with generalized demodicosis suppressed the in vitro reactivity of peripheral lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin. Suppression occurred with peripheral lymphocytes from normal dogs or from dogs with generalized demodicosis. Serums from dogs in remission were no longer suppressive. The data indicate that peripheral lymphoid cells obtained from dogs with generalized demodicosis do not respond differently in vitro to phytohemagglutinin than do lymphoid cells from normal dogs when either is cultured in the presence of serum from normal dogs.
Formation of low resistance contacts to p-type 4H-SiC using laser doping with an Al thin-film dopant source (2019)

Abstract The effect of laser doping on the contact resistance of ohmic contact to 4H-SiC has been investigated. Laser doping was performed by irradiating a pulse-width stretched KrF excimer laser to an Al film coated on the surface of 4H-SiC. Doping and contact formation on the C-face were investigated. The doping was carried out while keeping the sample at room temperature. The experimental results suggest that the contact made of Ti/Al can achieve specific contact resistance as low as 4.0 × 10 −6 Ωcm 2 without additional heat treatment. The contact resistance is lower than that reported for ohmic contacts formed using ion implantation.
Purification and characterization of TTFI, a factor that mediates termination of mouse ribosomal DNA transcription. (1988)

Termination of rRNA gene transcription is dependent on an 18-base-pair sequence motif, AGGTCGAC CAG AT TA NTCCG (the Sal box), which is present several times in the spacer region downstream of the 3' end of the pre-rRNA coding region. We report here the purification to molecular homogeneity of a nuclear factor which specifically interacts with the Sal box element. Addition of the isolated protein to S-100 extracts which contain low levels of the Sal box-binding protein and are therefore termination incompetent restores terminating activity, indicating that this protein is a polymerase I-specific transcription termination factor. The purified protein (termed TTFI) has a molecular weight of approximately 105,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. Mild proteolysis generates a relatively protease-resistant core which still specifically recognizes its target sequence. However, the termination activity has been lost, suggesting that the interaction with the DNA and the interaction with the transcription apparatus reside in different protein domains.
xQSM: quantitative susceptibility mapping with octave convolutional and noise‐regularized neural networks (2020)

Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) provides a valuable MRI contrast mechanism that has demonstrated broad clinical applications. However, the image reconstruction of QSM is challenging due to its ill-posed dipole inversion process. In this study, a new deep learning method for QSM reconstruction, namely xQSM, was designed by introducing noise regularization and modified octave convolutional layers into a U-net backbone and trained with synthetic and in vivo datasets, respectively. The xQSM method was compared with two recent deep learning (QSMnet<sup>+</sup> and DeepQSM) and two conventional dipole inversion (MEDI and iLSQR) methods, using both digital simulations and in vivo experiments. Reconstruction error metrics, including peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity, normalized root mean squared error and deep gray matter susceptibility measurements, were evaluated for comparison of the different methods. The results showed that the proposed xQSM network trained with in vivo datasets achieved the best reconstructions of all the deep learning methods. In particular, it led to, on average, 32.3%, 25.4% and 11.7% improvement in the accuracy of globus pallidus susceptibility estimation for digital simulations and 39.3%, 21.8% and 6.3% improvements for in vivo acquisitions compared with DeepQSM, QSMnet<sup>+</sup> and iLSQR, respectively. It also exhibited the highest linearity against different susceptibility intensity scales and demonstrated the most robust generalization capability to various spatial resolutions of all the deep learning methods. In addition, the xQSM method also substantially shortened the reconstruction time from minutes using MEDI to only a few seconds.
MnSOD in mouse heart: acute responses to ischemic preconditioning and ischemia-reperfusion injury (2005)

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is one of the main antioxidant enzymes that protects the heart against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a short period of ischemia-reperfusion that reduces subsequent prolonged I/R injury. Although MnSOD localizes in mitochondria, the immediate subcellular distribution of MnSOD in heart after IPC and I/R has not been studied. In a Langendorff mouse heart model, IPC significantly improved cardiac function and reduced the infarction size induced by I/R. Immunoblotting and double immunostaining in fresh preparations revealed that I/R resulted in an increase in cytosolic MnSOD content accompanied by the release of cytochrome c. In contrast, IPC increased mitochondrial MnSOD and reduced cytosolic MnSOD and cytochrome c release induced by I/R. We found that compared with freshly prepared fractions, the freeze-thaw approach results in mitochondrial integrity disruption and release of large amounts of MnSOD into the cytosol along with mitochondrial markers even in the absence of I/R. In contrast, fresh preparations exhibit early MnSOD release into the cytosol after I/R that is prevented by IPC and cyclosporin A administration.
Multi-port boundary conditions (1992)

The chapter is about the properties of the media which is included in the multi-port structure, it should be noted that these are well satisfied for a large range of materials. Thus reciprocity ordinarily holds. On the other hand, these criteria are not satisfied by magnetised ferrites, for example, and an important family of nonreciprocal microwave devices exist which exploit these phenomena. These include circulators and isolators.
Multiplexed SNP Genotyping Using Primer Single‐Base Extension (SBE) and Microsphere Arrays (2005)

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genome sites with single-base sequence differences between individual chromosomes, are the most common type of genetic variation. Single-base changes can result in disease phenotypes, confer susceptibility or resistance to toxins or pathogens, or serve as markers for distinct allelic segments of DNA, making SNPs an important emerging tool in both basic and clinical research. This unit presents detailed protocols for multiplexed SNP genotyping using primer single-base extension (SBE) adapted to microspheres and flow cytometry. The methods described are best suited for typing a modest number of SNPs in a large number of samples. The Basic Protocol describes extension of the genotyping primers by one nucleotide, a labeled dideoxyribonucleotide that reveals the nucleotide base at that position on the template strand. The extended primers are then captured onto microspheres bearing an oligonucleotide "address" that is the reverse complement of a sequence on the 5' end of the genotyping primers and subsequently measured using flow cytometry.
Flavivirus Nonstructural Protein NS5 Dysregulates HSP90 to Broadly Inhibit JAK/STAT Signaling (2020)

Pathogenic flaviviruses antagonize host cell Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling downstream of interferons α/β. Here, we show that flaviviruses inhibit JAK/STAT signaling induced by a wide range of cytokines beyond interferon, including interleukins. This broad inhibition was mapped to viral nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) binding to cellular heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), resulting in reduced Janus kinase-HSP90 interaction and thus destabilization of unchaperoned JAKs (and other kinase clients) of HSP90 during infection by <i>Zika virus</i>, West Nile virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus. Our studies implicate viral dysregulation of HSP90 and the JAK/STAT pathway as a critical determinant of cytokine signaling control during flavivirus infection.