gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Splenic CD8α+ dendritic cells undergo rapid programming by cytosolic bacteria and inflammation to induce protective CD8+ T‐cell memory (2011)

Memory CD8(+) T lymphocytes are critical effector cells of the adaptive immune system mediating long-lived pathogen-specific protective immunity. Three signals - antigen, costimulation and inflammation - orchestrate optimal CD8(+) T-cell priming and differentiation into effector and memory cells and shape T-cell functional fate and ability to protect against challenge infections. While among the conventional spleen DCs (cDCs), the CD8α(+) but not the CD8α(-) cDCs most efficiently mediate CD8(+) T-cell priming, it is unclear which subset, irrespective of their capacity to process MHC class I-associated antigens, is most efficient at inducing naïve CD8(+) T-cell differentiation into pathogen-specific protective memory cells in vivo. Moreover, the origin of the required signals is still unclear. Using mice infected with the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, we show that splenic CD8α(+) cDCs become endowed with all functional features to optimally prime protective memory CD8(+) T cells in vivo within only a few hours post-immunization. Such programming requires both cytosolic signals resulting from bacterial invasion of the host cells and extracellular inflammatory mediators. Thus, these data designate these cells as the best candidates to facilitate the development of cell-based vaccine therapy.
Modeling of Source Parameters and Moment Tensors of Local Earthquakes Occurring in the Eastern Indian Shield (2017)

ABSTRACT Earthquake source parameters and crustal Q are being estimated simultaneously through the inversion of S-wave displacement spectra from three-component recordings of ten local cratonic intraplate earthquakes from 3-6 broadband stations in the eastern Indian shield, wherein, an iterative Levenberg-Marquardt inversion technique is used. The estimated seismic moment (Mo) and source radii (r) vary from 7.4 x 1012 to 7.1 x 1014 N-m and 144.2 to 211.3 m, respectively, while estimated stress drops (Δσ) and multiplicative factor (Emo) values range from 0.11 to 4.13 MPa and 1.33 to 2.16, respectively. The corner frequencies range from 6.23 to 8.62 Hz while moment magnitudes vary from 2.44 to 3.57. The radiated seismic energy and apparent stresses range from 8.3 x 106 to 2.0 x 1010 Joules and 0.06 to 0.94 MPa, respectively, wherein the estimated corner frequencies and seismic moment satisfy the relation Mo ∞ fc−(3+ε) for ε = 12.7. Thus, the source scaling of these events clearly deviates from the self-similarity i.e. f−3. Estimated Zuniga parameters reveal that all selected events satisfy the partial stress drop model, which is in good agreement with the global observations. Our estimated crustal S-wave quality factors vary from 1091 to 4926 with an average of 3006, suggesting a less heterogeneous crustal structure underlying the study region. We also perform moment tensor inversion of five selected local events using ISOLA software, which reveals that the dominant deformation mode for the eastern Indian shield is left-lateral strike slip motion with minor normal dip-slip component on an almost vertical plane. This observation suggests that neotectonic vertical movements might have played a key role in generating these earthquakes. Our modeling also depicts that the seismically mildly active Singhbhum shear zone and Eastern Ghats mobile belt are characterized by the left-lateral strike motion while two events in the Chotanagpur half graben belt suggest a normal dip-slip motion along a south dipping plane. A north-south orientation of P-axis is found to be dominant in the area, which is consistent with the prevailing north–south compression over the Indian plate.
An Efficient Content-Based Retrieval System for Large Image Database (2011)

Content-based image retrieval has become more desirable for developing large image databases. This chapter presents an efficient method of retrieving images from an image database. This system combines color, shape and spatial features to index and measure the similarity of images. Several color spaces that are widely used in computer graphics are discussed and compared for color clustering. In addition, this chapter proposes a new automatic indexing scheme of image databases according to our clustering method and color sensation, which could be used to retrieve images efficiently. As a technical contribution, a Seed-Filling like algorithm that could extract the shape and spatial relationship feature of an image is proposed. Due to the difficulty of determining how far objects are separated, this system uses qualitative spatial relations to analyze object similarity. Also, the system is incorporated with a visual interface and a set of tools, which allows the users to express the query by specifying or sketching the images conveniently. The feedback learning mechanism enhances the precision of retrieval. The experience shows that the system is able to retrieve image information efficiently by the proposed approaches.
Investigation on the Dielectric Properties of Exfoliated Graphite-Silicon Carbide Nanocomposites and Their Absorbing Capability for the Microwave Radiation (2017)

The dielectric properties of the exfoliated graphite (EG) and sillicon carbide (SiC) powder based epoxy nanocomposites are investigated in the microwave frequency region for radar absorbers and stealth applications. The resulting composites are found to possess high dielectric constant and loss tangent in the X band (8.2-12.4 GHz) frequency region. It is observed that both the dielectric constant and the loss tangent of the nanocomposites increase as the weight percentages of the EG and SiC powders are increased. SiC powder is mainly introduced to enhance the thermal stability of the nanocomposites with the improved microwave absorption properties. The filler percentages of SiC nanopowder and EG powders are optimized for the wide band electromagnetic absorption (EM). Maximum EM absorption of 99.99% along with the minimum absorption value of 90% is achieved throughout X band frequency region. The resulting nanocomposites possess a very good agreement between the light weight, ease of processing, and cost. Furthermore, the complete morphological and thermal stability analyses are carried out for the nanocomposite samples which provide an insight into various mechanical and thermal properties. The observed electromagnetic, mechanical, and thermal properties of the proposed nanocomposites make them potential candidates as efficient electromagnetic absorbers in the microwave frequency region for various strategic applications.
Adaptive reconstruction of anatomical surfaces from human body measurements (2002)

A technique that adaptively fits a deformable Bezier surface to partial or whole human body measurements for free-form surface reconstruction is described. The proposed method utilizes an unconventional neural network, called a Bernstein basis function (BBF) network, which performs a weighted summation of rational Bernstein polynomial basis functions. Modifying the number of basis neurons is equivalent to changing the degree of the Bernstein polynomials. Each BBF network determines the control points of a low-order rational Bezier surface that best approximates the shape of randomly organized coordinate data. A key feature of the algorithm is that the measured data does not have to be re-ordered or parameterized prior to fitting. In addition, the rational Bezier surface retains the relative position of the parametric coordinates (u,v) as it deforms. Once the adaptation phase is complete, the weights of the network can be entered directly into a variety of commercially available geometric modeling and CAD/CAM packages for shape reconstruction. An experimental study is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the BBF network for generating rational Bezier surfaces.
Compatibility of wire enamels with epoxy encapsulants (1968)

Epoxy impregnants are being used in many applications for the environmental protection of magnet coils in motors, transformers, solenoids and reactors, and even for completed electronic circuit functional blocks. The physical properties of the epoxy resin compounds used are ideally suited, in most cases, for this purpose. These properties may be varied from rigid to flexible, transparent to opaque, and from high to low impregnating viscosity. They may also be formulated to specific degrees of toughness, impact resistance, low shrinkage, high moisture resistance, and superior resistance to a host of solvents and chemicals, notably alkalies. With a proper formulation, it is possible to apply an epoxy compound by molding, casting, dipping, vacuum impregnating or even spraying. Thus, their properties may be tailored to fit a greater variety of applications than the more widely used and less expensive impregnating varnishes.
Abstract 20395: Effects of Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy Before and During Atrial Fibrillation Ablation on Procedure Outcomes: Results From a European Registry (2017)

Introduction: Atrial electrophysiology changes induced by antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) might have an impact on conduction block achievement during AF catheter ablation (AFA) and the extent of ablatio...
Transplantation of Hepatocytes: An In-Vitro and In-Vivo Study in Canines (1994)

We isolated and transplanted hepatocytes in the canine, large animal model to evaluate hepatocyte yield and purity as well as the optimal site for hepatocyte engraftment (i.e., the spleen or the portal bed). We obtained viable, pure, single hepatocyte suspensions that were readily preserved at 4 degrees C in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution for up to 3 days. Both intrasplenic and portal vein injection were well tolerated, with minimal recipient morbidity and mortality when 1-2 x 10(9) hepatocytes were injected into immunosuppressed allogeneic hosts. We noted the embolization of hepatocytes into the parenchyma of the native liver within 7 days of intrasplenic transplantation that produced a mild reversible derangement of liver function and histology. These results warrant consideration prior to clinical trials of hepatocyte transplantation in man.
Concept for a Large Multimission Amphibian Aircraft (1980)

A very large aircraft has been proposed for meeting both civil cargo and military transport needs for 1995 and beyond. The concept includes a wide noncircular fuselage cross section with a low wing, thick inner wing section, fuselage-mounted engines, and an air cushion landing gear. The civil freighter operates independently of congested passenger airports, using sheltered water as a runway and a waterfront land site for parking and ground operations. The military transport can operate from a wide variety of surfaces and temporary bases. The air cushion landing gear weighs substantially less than conventional gear and permits the use of extended takeoff distance resulting in improved payload/gross weight ratio.
In search of a selective antiviral chemotherapy (1997)

This article describes several approaches to a selective therapy of virus infections: (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU [brivudin]) for the therapy of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella-zoster virus infections: (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (HPMPC [cidofovir]) for the therapy of various DNA virus (i.e., herpesvirus, adenovirus, papillomavirus, polyomavirus, and poxvirus) infections; 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA [adefovir]) for the therapy of retrovirus, hepadnavirus, and herpesvirus infections; (R)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine (PMPA) for the therapy and prophylaxis of retrovirus and hepadnavirus infections; and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), such as tetrahydroimidazo[4,5,1-jk][1,4]-benzodiazepin-2(IH)-one and -thione (TIBO), 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT), alpha-anilinophenylacetamide (alpha-APA), and 2',5'bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3'-spiro-5"-(4"-amino-1",2"-oxat hiole- 2",2"-dioxide)pyrimidine (TSAO) derivatives, and thiocarboxanilides for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections. For the clinical use of NNRTIs, some guidelines have been elaborated, such as starting treatment with combinations of different compounds at sufficiently high concentrations to effect a pronounced and sustained suppression of the virus. Despite the diversity of the compounds described here and the different viruses at which they are targeted, they have a number of characteristics in common. As they interact with specific viral proteins, the compounds achieve a selective inhibition of the replication of the virus, which, in turn, should be able to develop resistance to the compounds. However, as has been established for the NNRTIs, the problem of viral resistance may be overcome if the compounds are used from the start at sufficiently high doses, which could be reduced if different compounds are combined. For HIV infections, drug treatment regimens should be aimed at reducing the viral load to such an extent that the risk for progression to AIDS will be minimized, if not avoided entirely. This may result in a real "cure" of the disease but not necessarily of the virus infection, and in this sense, HIV disease may be reduced to a dormant infection, reminiscent of the latent herpesvirus infections. Should virus replication resume after a certain time, the armamentarium of effective anti-HIV and anti-herpesvirus compounds now available, if applied at the appropriate dosage regimens, should make the virus return to its dormant state before it has any chance to damage the host. It is unlikely that this strategy would eradicate the virus and thus "cure" the viral infection, but it definitely qualifies as a cure of the disease.
Acute Renal Failure and Neurotoxicity following Oral Acyclovir (1994)

Acute renal failure and neurotoxicity are usually associated with intravenous acyclovir. The temporal relationship between the initiation of oral acyclovir therapy and the onset of adverse events, supported by published data of a few similar cases, strongly implicate oral acyclovir as the cause of this patient's acute renal failure and neurotoxicity. This case suggests that elderly patients with mild increased serum creatinine concentrations may be at increased risk and should be monitored closely for signs and symptoms of acute renal failure and neurotoxicity.
T-cell modulatory properties of CD5 and its role in antitumor immune responses (2012)

The destruction of tumor cells by the immune system is under the control of positive and negative receptors that tightly regulate T-cell effector functions. The T-cell receptor (TCR) inhibitory molecule CD5 critically contributes to the regulation of antitumor immune responses. Indeed, the modulation of CD5 within the tumor microenvironment corresponds to a strategy adopted by tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to optimize their cytotoxic and cytokine secretion functions. In this review, we provide insights into the immunobiology of CD5 and its role in regulating antitumor CD8 T-cell responses, and suggest the possibility of targeting CD5 to improve the efficacy of current immunotherapeutic approaches against cancer.
Synthesis of CaO2 Nanocrystals and Their Spherical Aggregates with Uniform Sizes for Use as a Biodegradable Bacteriostatic Agent (2019)

As a solid precursor to O<sub>2</sub> and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> ), calcium peroxide (CaO<sub>2</sub> ) has found widespread use in applications related to disinfection and contaminant degradation. The lack of uniform nanoparticles, however, greatly limits the potential use of this material in other applications related to medicine. Here, a new route to the facile synthesis of CaO<sub>2</sub> nanocrystals and their spherical aggregates with uniform, controllable sizes is reported. The synthesis involves the reaction between CaCl<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> to generate CaO<sub>2</sub> primary nanocrystals of 2-15 nm in size in ethanol, followed by their aggregation into uniform, spherical particles with the aid of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP). The average diameter of the spherical aggregates can be easily tuned in the range of 15-100 nm by varying the concentrations of CaCl<sub>2</sub> and/or PVP. For the spherical aggregates with a smaller size, they release H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> more quickly when exposed to water, resulting in superior antimicrobial activity. This study not only demonstrates a new route to the synthesis of uniform CaO<sub>2</sub> nanocrystals and their spherical aggregates but also offers a promising bacteriostatic agent with biodegradability.
Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Flow in a Pipe (1957)

Transition experimentally observed during flow establishment in smooth straight pipe; turbulence originated as spots; downstream face of turbulent spots was transported with centerline velocity of preceding laminar flow; turbulent spot formation was in qualitative agreement with Tollmein-Schlichting theory of small disturbances.
Time-varying filtering for removal of baseline wander in exercise ECGs (2002)

Time-varying filtering techniques were applied to the problem of baseline correction by letting the cut-off frequency of a linear filter be controlled by the low-frequency properties of the electrocardiogram signal. The time-varying filter was implemented as a bank of linear lowpass filters, in which each filter has a slightly differing cut-off frequency. All filters have a linear phase response. Sampling rate decimation and interpolation were used for efficient implementation of the filter. The performance of the technique was studied on ECG signals with different types of simulated baseline wander. The results are compared to the performance of linear, time-invariant filtering and to that of cubic spline interpolation. The results show that a substantial improvement in performance can be achieved when using time-varying filtering, especially at low heart rates or during episodes with excessive baseline wander.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Efficient and Regiospecific One-Pot Synthesis of Substituted 1,2,4-Triazoles (2004)

An efficient one-pot, three-component synthesis of substituted 1,2,4-triazoles has been developed, utilizing a wide range of substituted primary amines and acyl hydrazides.
Highly sensitive soft capacitive sensor for robotic system (2022)

Biomimetics Laboratory, Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand Soft compassion sensors provide a sense of touch for robots which plays a crucial role in safe interaction between robots and their environment. Here we report on Carbon black/dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite at the top of an interdigitated electrode (IDE) patterned on a printed circuit board (PCB). The sensor's response only depends on the change in relative permittivity of the composite. Any deformation causes a decrease in permittivity due to a change in the filler's network shape. The sensor shows an excellent sensitivity of 7.1%N-1, which is 35 times more than a composite made with insulating particles (BaTiO3). Our sensor combines high sensitivity with a simple fabrication, thus making it ideal for manipulating fragile objects.
Effects of Hearing Loss and Cognitive Load on Speech Recognition with Competing Talkers (2016)

Everyday communication frequently comprises situations with more than one talker speaking at a time. These situations are challenging since they pose high attentional and memory demands placing cognitive load on the listener. Hearing impairment additionally exacerbates communication problems under these circumstances. We examined the effects of hearing loss and attention tasks on speech recognition with competing talkers in older adults with and without hearing impairment. We hypothesized that hearing loss would affect word identification, talker separation and word recall and that the difficulties experienced by the hearing impaired listeners would be especially pronounced in a task with high attentional and memory demands. Two listener groups closely matched for their age and neuropsychological profile but differing in hearing acuity were examined regarding their speech recognition with competing talkers in two different tasks. One task required repeating back words from one target talker (1TT) while ignoring the competing talker whereas the other required repeating back words from both talkers (2TT). The competing talkers differed with respect to their voice characteristics. Moreover, sentences either with low or high context were used in order to consider linguistic properties. Compared to their normal hearing peers, listeners with hearing loss revealed limited speech recognition in both tasks. Their difficulties were especially pronounced in the more demanding 2TT task. In order to shed light on the underlying mechanisms, different error sources, namely having misunderstood, confused, or omitted words were investigated. Misunderstanding and omitting words were more frequently observed in the hearing impaired than in the normal hearing listeners. In line with common speech perception models, it is suggested that these effects are related to impaired object formation and taxed working memory capacity (WMC). In a post-hoc analysis, the listeners were further separated with respect to their WMC. It appeared that higher capacity could be used in the sense of a compensatory mechanism with respect to the adverse effects of hearing loss, especially with low context speech.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and in vitro Antitumor Activity of Benzyloxyurea and Benzyloxyhydantoin Derivatives (2013)

A series of benzyloxyurea and benzyloxyhydantoin derivatives were synthesized by substituting different benzyl groups on O-position and glucosamine, amino acid ester on N3-position of hydroxyurea. Their structures were elucidated by using spectrometry along with X-ray crystal structures analysis and in vitro antitumor activity against the human leukemia cell line K562 and murine leukemia cell line L1210 was evaluated by MTT assay. The L-phenylalanine ester substituent at N3-position was allowed with markedly increasing the activity against the tumor cells. The most promising compounds were 7e and 7b.
Detection of Certain Serologic Imbalances in Human Sera by Agar Column Analyses (1959)

Abstract : The detection of normal and abnormal human sera by quantitative analyses of agar column diffusion patterns has been confirmed and amplified. Baseline precipitin patterns from 29 sera, assumed to be normal, were compared with diffusion spectra of 131 sera from hospitalized subjects. The same fast- moving faint zone, previously observed and believed to be associated with an increased concentration of mucoprotein, was evident. Diffusion data on this precipitin system, together with the data associated with albumin and globulins, were analyzed in order to detect certain serologic imbalances. These analyses showed serologic imbalances in hospitalized subjects in 36 percent more cases than was shown by the usual clinical C-reactive protein test. The results paralleled the physician's estimate of the stress produced by the particular disease state or condition.