gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensor Based on PDMS Substrate and Ga–In Liquid Metal (2018)

A novel flexible pressure sensor, based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) liquid metal, was developed for detecting various applied pressures. The sensor was fabricated with PDMS polymer-based electrode channels that are filled with EGaIn liquid metal. The liquid metal-based electrodes were designed to form four capacitors (C1, C2, C3, and C4). Conventional printed circuit board technology was used to manufacture the master mold to form the PDMS-based electrode channels. Corona discharge treatment was employed to bond the PDMS layers at room temperature, under atmospheric pressure. The capability of the fabricated pressure sensor was demonstrated by investigating the capacitive-based response of the device for varying applied pressures. Average capacitance changes ranging from 2.3% to 12.0%, 2.6% to 11.8%, 2.5% to 12.2%, and 2.7% to 13.1% when compared with the based capacitance of 14.1, 15.1, 13.8, and 13.3 pF were obtained for C1, C2, C3, and C4, respectively, for applied pressures ranging from 0.25 to 1.10 MPa. A linear relationship was obtained for the average capacitance change with a sensitivity of 0.11%/MPa and a correlation coefficient of 0.9975. The results obtained thus demonstrate the feasibility of employing liquid metal-based electrodes for the fabrication of flexible pressure sensing devices.
Caractérisations physico-chimiques de catalyseurs de post-combustion automobile de type trois-voies (1996)

L'objectif de ce travail etait de developper des methodes de caracterisation physico-chimique des catalyseurs trois-voies (pt-rh/ceo#2 al#2o#3 + ba, la), afin de mieux connaitre l'etat de la surface active du catalyseur ainsi que son evolution en cours de vieillissement. Compte tenu de la complexite de la formulation des catalyseurs industriels, une partie de l'etude a consiste a preparer et caracteriser des solides modeles de complexite croissante, pouvant representer les systemes reels a l'etat neuf ou vieilli. Apres une description d'ensemble du solide (xps, drx et bet), nous avons mis au point une methodologie capable de determiner: i) les surfaces accessibles d'alumine (spectroscopie infrarouge de co#2 adsorbe) et de cerine (rtp, xps), ii) l'aire metallique (chimisorption d'hydrogene, test de deshydrogenation du cyclohexane et spectroscopie infrarouge de co adsorbe), iii) la composition superficielle en platine et rhodium (spectroscopie infrarouge de no et co associee a la chimisorption d'hydrogene). Les solides neufs (modeles et industriels) ont des surfaces de cerine relativement importantes ( 80 m#2/g). L'accessibilite de la phase metallique est maximale apres reduction a 300c. La dispersion est comprise entre 35 et 80% en fonction des solides et le platine est separe du rhodium. Par contre, les catalyseurs industriels, etudies a differents stades de vieillissement (laboratoire et banc moteur) possedent une faible surface metallique accessible (< 3%) alors qu'ils conservent un niveau d'activite eleve. Par ailleurs, la surface de cerine est moins affectee que celle de la phase metallique. Les resultats ont mis en evidence une correlation entre l'activite catalytique et cette surface en cerine signifiant ainsi que les atomes d'oxygene reductibles de la cerine interviennent dans les mecanismes reactionnels. Nous proposons donc, sur les solides neufs, que les sites actifs sont constitues de sites metalliques reduits en interaction avec la cerine completement oxydee ou partiellement reduite. Cet ensemble constitue un systeme redox propre a favoriser les processus catalytiques. Dans le cas des catalyseurs vieillis, les metaux sont peu accessibles ; un recouvrement des particules metalliques par de la cerine plus ou moins reduite pourrait conduire a de nouveaux sites actifs en catalyse trois voies
2-transistor-cell 4-valued universal-literal CAM for a cellular logic image processor (2002)

This nonvolatile 4-valued CAM is for fully parallel cellular logic image processing. Since gray-level or colored pixel values are directly represented by multiple-valued (MV) data in cellular logic image processing, a template-matching operation with an NxN window is performed by multiple-valued logic operations, that is 'universal literals'. Since many templates are required in some image processing, several templates are compressed. Universal literals are used to perform template-matching operations with MV compressed templates.
High resolution applications of the Osher upwind scheme for the Euler equations (1983)

The 'Osher' scheme was introduced by Osher (1981). It represents an upwind finite-difference method for hyperbolic systems of conservation laws, including the Euler equations. In studies conducted by Osher (1981) and Osher and Solomon (1982), the method was applied to the nonisentropic form of the Euler equations in one dimension and the isentropically restricted form in two spatial dimensions, both in Cartesian coordinates. Chakravarthy and Osher (1982) have shown an approach for extending the Osher scheme to the Euler equations written for general geometries, taking into account the use of mappings to arbitrary curvilinear coordinate systems. The present investigation is concerned with the high resolution extension of the Osher scheme to second-order accuracy. Results are presented for several example problems, giving attention to quasi-one-dimensional Laval nozzle flow, a one-dimensional shock tube problem, and supersonic flow over a cylinder.
Acute Erysipelatous Oedema in the Scrotum (2003)

We present a case of penile and scrotal oedema in a young man. Although oestradiol treatment and compression bandaging provided some relief from the symptoms, neither therapy was ideal. Triangular resection of the foreskin was therefore performed, although the oedema persisted. The aetiology of the condition remains unknown.
Refractometric sensing with plasmonic tilted Bragg gratings in different fiber types (2020)

Tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) coupled to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon represent a powerful sensing solution especially for biodetection purposes. Indeed, the excitation of plasmonic waves at the metal-coated surface of the sensor brings a significant improvement in terms of surface sensitivity. Until now, most of experimental results involving SPR have been obtained by using TFBGs inscribed in standard single-mode optical fibers (SMF), which requires the use of a polarizer to select the right state of polarization for plasmonic excitation. Investigations for the development of even more sensitive or robust sensing tools remain a topic of current interest. In this study, the bulk and surface refractometric sensitivities of plasmonic TFBGs photo-inscribed in multimode fiber (MMF) are compared to the one of standard SMF. Gold-coated TFBG in SMF exhibits a sensitivity value of ~102 nm/RIU. Plasmonic MMF TFBGs are more sensitive with a value of ~124 nm/RIU (enhancement of ~22 %) and open the way to multiplexing thanks to the narrowness of their spectral response. Surface refractometry was also assessed through HER2 bioassays (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2), a breast cancer biomarker. For that purpose, aptasensors based on antiHER2 aptamers were developed and tested by using these two fiber types. Similar surface sensitivities were obtained for both fiber types.
Laser pulsing in linear Compton scattering (2016)

Previous work on calculating energy spectra from Compton scattering events has either neglected considering the pulsed structure of the incident laser beam, or has calculated these effects in an approximate way subject to criticism. In this paper, this problem has been reconsidered within a linear plane wave model for the incident laser beam. By performing the proper Lorentz transformation of the Klein-Nishina scattering cross section, a spectrum calculation can be created which allows the electron beam energy spread and emittance effects on the spectrum to be accurately calculated, essentially by summing over the emission of each individual electron. Such an approach has the obvious advantage that it is easily integrated with a particle distribution generated by particle tracking, allowing precise calculations of spectra for realistic particle distributions ``in collision.'' The method is used to predict the energy spectrum of radiation passing through an aperture for the proposed Old Dominion University inverse Compton source. Many of the results allow easy scaling estimates to be made of the expected spectrum.
Polymerized Drugs – A Novel Approach to Controlled Release Systems (2017)

Polymer-drug delivery systems have been developed to increase solubility, bioavailability, and stability of therapeutic compounds. Many polymer-conjugated drugs have been approved to treat various disease areas with increasing numbers in clinical trials. Furthermore, the development of new polymer-drug delivery systems is continuing. In this book chapter, we review polymer-drug delivery systems in which therapeutic compounds are chemically incorporated into biocompatible and biodegradable polymer systems. Monomer and polymer design, synthesis, and characterization are discussed in addition to bioactive in vitro release and activity.
Electron spin-echo studies of doxylstearic acid spin probes in ionic micelles. Nitroxide interactions with deuterium in the Stern layer (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron spin-echo studies of doxylstearic acid spin probes in ionic micelles. Nitroxide interactions with deuterium in the Stern layerE. Szajdzinska-Pietek, Rene Maldonado, Larry Kevan, S.S. Berr, and Richard R.M. JonesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 8, 1547–1550Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100254a048https://doi.org/10.1021/j100254a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Ventral forebrain organoids derived from individuals with schizophrenia recapitulate perturbed striatal gene expression dynamics of the donor’s brains (2022)

ABSTRACT Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a brain disorder originating during neurodevelopment with complex genetic and environmental etiologies. Despite decades of clinical evidence of altered striatal function in affected patients, its cellular and molecular underpinnings remain unclear. Here, to explore neurodevelopmental alterations in the striatum associated with SCZ, we established a method for the differentiation of iPS cells into ventral forebrain organoids. Given substantial genetic heterogeneity among individuals, which can obscure disease-associated phenotypes, we generated organoids from postmortem dural fibroblast-derived iPS cells of 3 patients and 4 healthy control individuals with nonoverlapping polygenic risk score (PRS) for SCZ and whose genotype and postmortem caudate transcriptomic data were profiled in the Brainseq neurogenomics consortium. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses of the organoids revealed differences in developmental trajectory between SCZ cases and controls in which inhibitory neurons from patients exhibited accelerated maturation. Furthermore, we found a significant overlap of genes upregulated in the inhibitory neurons in SCZ organoids with upregulated genes in postmortem caudate tissues from patients with SCZ compared with control individuals, including the donors of our iPS cell cohort. Our findings suggest that striatal neurons in the patients with SCZ carry abnormalities that originated during early brain development and a ventral forebrain striatal organoid model can recapitulate those neurodevelopmental phenotypes in a dish.
The role of activin a in the maternal systemic inflammatory response in preeclampsia (2002)

BACKGROUND: The maternal syndrome of preeclampsia is associated with a systemic inflammatory response. Circulating levels of activin A are significantly elevated in preeclampsia. The aims of this study were to determine whether activation of trophoblast, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and endothelial cells by pro‐inflammatory cytokines is the cause of these high levels of activin A and to investigate its role in leucocyte activation and endothelial cell function. RESULTS: Term villous cytotrophoblast and endothelial cells (HUVECS) secreted increased levels of activin A in response to TNF‐α and IL‐1. PBMC from nonpregnant, normal pregnant and preeclamptic women did not spontaneously release activin A, but LPS and TNF‐stimulated production, with higher levels in preeclampsia. Activin A had no effect on the expression of leucocyte activation markers but significantly reduced the secretion of TNF‐α by activated PBMC although this effect was less marked in pregnancy. Activin A significantly inhibited HUVEC proliferation in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: The high circulating levels of activin A in preeclampsia may result from the effects of the inflammatory response on trophoblast, PBMC and endothelial cells. Although activin A has anti‐inflammatory properties on nonpregnant cells, this effect is reduced in pregnancy. The raised levels of activin A may also cause endothelial cell dysfunction, thus exacerbating the maternal syndrome.
On the capacity of a class of dual-band interference channels (2016)

We consider a two-transmitter two-receiver dual-band Gaussian interference channel (GIC) which is motivated by the simultaneous use of both the conventional microwave band and the unconventional millimeter wave (mm-wave) band in future wireless networks where the traditional microwave band is complemented by additional spectrum in the mm-wave band. A key modeling feature of the mm-wave band is that due to severe path loss and relatively small wavelength, it must be used with highly directional antennas, and thus the transmitter is able to transmit to its intended receiver with negligible to no interference to other receivers. For this model, we derive some sufficient conditions on the channel gains under which the capacity of this type of dual-band GIC is determined. Specifically, these conditions are classified as when microwave band channel gains have (a) weak interference, i.e., both the cross channel gains are less than 1 and (b) mixed interference, i.e., only one of the cross channel gains is less than 1, while the channel gains in the dual-band GIC satisfy certain additional conditions in each case.
Etiology of Vascularized Skull Base Reconstructive Failures and Outcomes of Secondary Repair (2015)

Objective/Hypothesis: As the field of endoscopic skull base surgery has grown, management of increasingly complex intradural pathologies has become a possible requiring comparable development of reconstructive techniques. While vascular techniques confer success rates over 95%, a lack of data exist assessing the etiology of flap failures and success rates of secondary repairs. In this study, we assess a group of these failures with an emphasis on the etiology of identified failures and success of secondary repairs.
HUVECs from newborns with a strong family history of myocardial infarction overexpress adhesion molecules and react abnormally to stimulating agents (2005)

Atherosclerosis is a complex disease involved in major fatal events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. It is the result of interactions between metabolic, dietetic and environmental risk factors acting on a genetic background that could result in endothelial susceptibility. Our aim was to determine the patterns of expression of adhesion molecules and whether phosphatidylserine is translocated to the cell surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) isolated from healthy newborns born to parents with a strong family history of myocardial infarction under TNF-alpha or oxLDL stimulated conditions. Compared to control HUVECs, experimental cords showed: (a) a four-fold increase in VCAM-1 expression under basal conditions, which showed no change after stimulation with the pro-atherogenic factors; (b) a two-fold increase in basal P-selectin expression that reached a 10-fold increase with any of the pro-atherogenic factors; (c) a basal ICAM-1 expression similar to P-selectin that was not modified by the pro-atherogenic molecules; (d) a similar PECAM-1 expression. Unexpectedly, phospathidylserine expression in experimental cord HUVECs was significantly increased (211 817 versus 3354 TFU) but was not associated to apoptotic death as the percentage of dead cells induced by TNF-alpha treatment was very low (0.55 versus 9.87% in control HUVECs). The latter result was corroborated by TUNEL staining. T cell adherence to HUVECs was highly up-regulated in the genetically predisposed samples. The analysis of nonpooled HUVECs, from newborns to family predisposed myocardial-infarction individuals, might represent a useful strategy to identify phenotypical and functional alterations, and hopefully, to take early preventive actions.
Model-free Surface Visualization of Vascular Trees (2007)

Expressive and efficient visualizations of complex vascular structures are essential for medical applications, such as diagnosis and therapy planning. A variety of techniques has been developed which provide smooth high-quality visualizations of vascular structures based on rather simple model assumptions. For diagnostic applications, these model assumptions and the resulting deviations from the actual vessel surface are not acceptable. We present a model-free approach which employs the binary result of a prior vessel segmentation as input. Instead of directly converting the segmentation result into a surface, we compute a point cloud which is adaptively refined at thin structures, where aliasing effects are particularly obvious and artifacts may occur. The point cloud is transformed into a surface representation by means of MPU Implicits, which provide a smooth piecewise quadratic approximation. Our method has been applied to a variety of datasets including pathologic cases. The generated visualizations are considerably more accurate than model-based approaches. Compared to other model-free approaches, our method produces smoother results.
Improved generation of rat gene knockouts by target-selected mutagenesis in mismatch repair-deficient animals (2008)

Taken together, we show that the use of a MMR-deficient background considerably improves ENU-driven target-selected mutagenesis in the rat, thereby reducing animal use as well as screening costs. The use of a mismatch repair-deficient genetic background for improving mutagenesis and target-selected knockout efficiency is in principle applicable to any organism of interest.
MATISSE: a Low Power Front-End Electronics for MAPS Characterization (2018)

In recent years Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors are becoming increasingly attractive for High Energy Physics experiments. Several R&D activities are ongoing worldwide to improve the performance of conventional monolithic pixels in terms of speed and radiation tolerance. These improvements come both from the optimization of the substrate material and the design of the front-end electronics. In the framework of an R&D project on CMOS monolithic sensors, a versatile readout electronics has been developed. The purpose is to have a flexible system to test different sensor geometries and substrates, allowing a detailed analog characterization and the study of effects that arise in complex mixed signal chips such as digital induced noise. The ASIC prototype, MATISSE, has been fabricated in 0.11 $\mu$m CMOS technology with a die area of 2$\times$2 mm$^2$ and a low voltage operation of 1.2 V. Hereafter, the front-end electronics are described and the first results from the characterization are reported.
Haem toxicity provides a competitive advantage to the clinically relevant Staphylococcus aureus small colony variant phenotype (2021)

Microorganisms encounter toxicities inside the host. Many pathogens exist as subpopulations to maximize survivability. Subpopulations of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> include antibiotic-tolerant small colony variants (SCVs). These mutants often emerge following antibiotic treatment but can be present in infections prior to antibiotic exposure. We hypothesize that haem toxicity in the host selects for respiration-deficient <i>S. aureus</i> SCVs in the absence of antibiotics. We demonstrate that some but not all respiration-deficient SCV phenotypes are more protective than the haem detoxification system against transient haem exposure, indicating that haem toxicity in the host may contribute to the dominance of menaquinone-deficient and haem-deficient SCVs prior to antibiotic treatment.
A mobile educational platform based on peer influence and instructional scaffolding for engaging students in out-of-class activities (2021)

It is a well-documented challenge to keep students engaged and motivated in out-of-class activities. More students now have part- or full-time jobs and less time to study. Supporting their academic growth and success requires acknowledging the higher commitments to the jobs while providing appropriate mechanisms to make the best use of their available times. This paper presents a mobile educational platform, Dysgu, that aims to engage students in out-of-class activities. An initial study completed on this platform investigates the role of peer influence to increase student engagement in an early college class. Data indicates students prefer Dysgu for out-of-class activities compared to traditional pen- and paper-based activities. Students noted that peer influence, in the form of scores compared to the rest of the class, was highly motivating. We also observed more on-time submissions when using Dysgu.
Design and Demonstration of High Power Density Inverter for Aircraft Applications (2016)

This paper presents a design methodology for a high power density converter, which emphasizes weight minimization. The design methodology considers various inverter topologies and semiconductor devices with application of cold plate cooling and LCL filter. Design for a high-power inverter is evaluated with demonstration of a 50 kVA 2-level 3-phase SiC inverter operating at 60 kHz switching frequency. The prototype achieves high gravimetric power density of 6.49 kW/kg.