gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Usability of security: A case study (1998)

Human factors are perhaps the greatest current barrier to effective computer security.Most security mechanisms are simply too difficult and confusing for the average computer user to manage correctly.Designing security software that is usable enough to be effective is a specialized problem, and user interface design strategies that are appropriate for other types of software will not be sufficient to solve it.In order to gain insight and better define this problem, we studied the usability of PGP 5.0, which is a public key encryption program mainly intended for email privacy and authentication.We chose PGP 5.0 because it has a good user interface by conventional standards, and we wanted to discover whether that was sufficient to enable non-programmers who know little about security to actually use it effectively.After performing both user testing and a cognitive walkthrough analysis, we conclude that PGP 5.0 is not sufficiently usable to provide effective security for most users.In the course of our study, we developed general principles for evaluating the usability of computer security utilities and systems.This study is of interest not only because of the conclusions that we reach, but also because it can serve as an example of how to evaluate the usability of computer security software.
Maisonneuve fracture: a type of ankle fracture (2019)

A healthy, 41-year-old man sustained a left ankle injury, resulting in persistent pain that was initially diagnosed as an ankle sprain without radiographic abnormalities. Further examination at our hospital showed medial malleolus and left proximal fibula tenderness; pain on manual compression of
Characterization of cellular protective effects of ATP13A2/PARK9 expression and alterations resulting from pathogenic mutants (2012)

Abstract Mutations in ATP13A2, which encodes a lysosomal P‐type ATPase of unknown function, cause an autosomal recessive parkinsonian syndrome. With mammalian cells, we show that ATP13A2 expression protects against manganese and nickel toxicity, in addition to proteasomal, mitochondrial, and oxidative stress. Consistent with a recessive mode of inheritance of gene defects, disease‐causing mutations F182L and G504R are prone to misfolding and do not protect against manganese and nickel toxicity because they are unstable as a result of degradation via the endoplasmic reticulum‐associated degradation (ERAD)‐proteasome system. The protective effects of ATP13A2 expression are not due to inhibition of apoptotic pathways or a reduction in typical stress pathways, insofar as these pathways are still activated in challenged ATP13A2‐expressing cells; however, these cells display a dramatic reduction in the accumulation of oxidized and damaged proteins. These data indicate that, contrary to a previous suggestion, ATP13A2 is unlikely to convey cellular resilience simply by acting as a lysosomal manganese transporter. Consistent with the recent identification of an ATP13A2 recessive mutation in Tibetan terriers that develop neurodegeneration with neuronal ceroid lipofucinoses, our data suggest that ATP13A2 may function to import a cofactor required for the function of a lysosome enzyme(s). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lactate Dehydrogenase-Elevating Virus Induces Systemic Lymphocyte Activation via TLR7-Dependent IFNα Responses by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells (2009)

Results indicate that LDV-induced activation of lymphocytes is due to recognition of LDV nucleic acid by TLR7 pattern recognition receptors in pDC's that respond with a lymphocyte-inducing IFNalpha response.
Free Radical-Initiated and Gap Junction-Mediated Bystander Effect due to Nonuniform Distribution of Incorporated Radioactivity in a Three-Dimensional Tissue Culture Model (2001)

To investigate the biological effects of nonuniform distribution of radioactivity in mammalian cells, we have developed a novel three-dimensional tissue culture model. Chinese hamster V79 cells were labeled with tritiated thymidine and mixed with unlabeled cells, and multicellular clusters (approximately 1.6 mm in diameter) were formed by gentle centrifugation. The short-range beta particles emitted by (3)H impart only self-irradiation of labeled cells without significant cross-irradiation of unlabeled bystander cells. The clusters were assembled in the absence or presence of 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and/or 100 microM lindane. DMSO is a hydroxyl radical scavenger, whereas lindane is an inhibitor of gap junctional intercellular communication. The clusters were maintained at 10.5 degrees C for 72 h to allow (3)H decays to accumulate and then dismantled, and the cells were plated for colony formation. When 100% of the cells were labeled, the surviving fraction was exponentially dependent on the mean level of radioactivity per labeled cell. A two-component exponential response was observed when either 50 or 10% of the cells were labeled. Though both DMSO and lindane significantly protected the unlabeled or bystander cells when 50 or 10% of the cells were labeled, the effect of lindane was greater than that of DMSO. In both cases, the combined treatment (DMSO + lindane) elicited maximum protection of the bystander cells. These results suggest that the bystander effects caused by nonuniform distributions of radioactivity are affected by the fraction of cells that are labeled. Furthermore, at least a part of these bystander effects are initiated by free radicals and are likely to be mediated by gap junctional intercellular communication.
PostGAN: A GAN-Based Post-Processor to Enhance the Quality of Coded Speech (2022)

The quality of speech coded by transform coding is affected by various artefacts especially when bitrates to quantize the frequency components become too low. In order to mitigate these coding artefacts and enhance the quality of coded speech, a post-processor that relies on a-priori information transmitted from the encoder is traditionally employed at the decoder side. In recent years, several data-driven post-postprocessors have been proposed which were shown to outperform traditional approaches. In this paper, we propose PostGAN, a GAN-based neural post-processor that operates in the sub-band domain and relies on the U-Net architecture and a learned affine transform. It has been tested on the recently standardized low-complexity, low-delay bluetooth codec (LC3) for wideband speech at the lowest bitrate (16 kbit/s). Subjective evaluations and objective scores show that the newly introduced post-processor surpasses previously published methods and can improve the quality of coded speech by around 20 MUSHRA points.
A user interface for Home Net (1994)

This paper describes a user interface for networks in the home. The main idea is to develop a user interface with high acceptance by the user and flexibility. This user interface is based on a network we call Home-Net but can obviously be employed with any other Home System like the European ESPRIT Home System, the American Consumer Electronics Bus (CEBus) and the Japanese Home Bus System (HBS).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Artificial intelligence in accounting and auditing : the use of expert systems (1989)

The articles in this volume offer an introductory overview of artificial intelligence in accounting and auditing. They seek to provide a logically arranged and usable handbook of artificial intelligence, decision support, and expert systems in accounting and auditing.
The Resolution of Active and Inactive Xanthine Oxidase by Affinity Chromatography (1972)

Kltlctl to :L suspensim or allopuriiml (20
ChemInform Abstract: p‐Nitrobenzyloxymethyl: A New Fluoride‐Removable Protecting Group for Ribonucleoside 2′‐Hydroxyls. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Is GMO Over‐regulation Costing Lives? (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Bio-fortification: Golden Rice The Potential of Golden Rice GMO Over-regulation: Does it Cost Lives? Genome Alterations and Plant Breeding Rational Regulation The Effect of GMO Over-regulation Summary
Identifying plant cell wall remnants in detritus of a subtropical wetland with fluorescence labeling (2023)

Sediment accretion in wetlands represents a significant carbon burial pathway. While litter studies can quantify the loss rates of plant leaf material, those studies do not provide insight into the specific cell wall polymers being retained or lost within the detrital matrix. The Everglades ecosystem has been dramatically altered due to anthropogenic eutrophication and hydrologic modifications. The results are changes in macrophyte species composition and sediment accretion- and loss- rates. To improve ecological conditions, active management strategies are re-establishing open water slough environments. A question remains about the persistence of new- and old- plant cell wall material in sediments because of active management. In this pilot project we utilized immuno-fluorescence labeling with lectins applied to plant leaf material and detrital flocculent collected from created open and control plots in the Everglades to observe the presence, absence, and overlap of specific cell wall polymers between macrophytes and detrital flocculent in increasingly recalcitrant materials that would most likely contribute to peat accumulation. The persistence and loss of specific polymers between treatment and control plots provided insight into the differing levels of recalcitrance amongst plant cell walls and their relative potential as a carbon sink. This study provides a novel method for testing for the presence and persistence of specific cell wall polymers in detritus to gain a better understanding of plant material persistence in wetland ecosystems.
Measurement reproducibility and sensor placement considerations in designing a wearable pulse oximeter for military applications (2004)

Reproducibility of physiological measurements and the selection of suitable sensor locations are essential design criteria for developing a wearable pulse oximeter. In this paper we investigate the reproducibility of measuring arterial oxygen saturation (SpO/sub 2/) from a reflectance pulse oximeter sensor incorporated into an army helmet. Simultaneous measurements acquired from the forehead, chin, jaw and nape areas showed that the forehead region provides the best anatomical location for obtaining reproducible readings compared to other feasible helmet-mounted sensor locations.
Graphene Oxide Membranes for Ionic and Molecular Sieving (2014)

Membranes made by properly spacing and bonding stacked graphene oxide nanosheets enable precise, superfast sieving of ions and molecules. [Also see Report by Joshi et al. ]
A Simple Methodology for Preparing Synthetic Multiple-Interaction Chiral Stationary Phase Column for Chiral Drug Analysis (2020)

A simple methodology for preparing synthetic multiple-interaction (SMI) chiral stationary phase (CSP) column is described in this report, The column was synthesized by an in situ derivatizing procedure and can be easily prepared with a standard analytical HPLC set-up. The column is a no frills, low cost one, and can be tailored to various packing particle sizes and column lengths. The efficiency of the column is high; over 5,000 plates per 10 cm Applications on resolving some racemic drugs in plasma and formulation are illustrated.
The Ets transcription factor Elf5 specifies mammary alveolar cell fate (2008)

Hormonal cues regulate mammary development, but the consequent transcriptional changes and cell fate decisions are largely undefined. We show that knockout of the prolactin-regulated Ets transcription factor Elf5 prevented formation of the secretory epithelium during pregnancy. Conversely, overexpression of Elf5 in an inducible transgenic model caused alveolar differentiation and milk secretion in virgin mice, disrupting ductal morphogenesis. CD61+ luminal progenitor cells accumulated in Elf5-deficient mammary glands and were diminished in glands with Elf5 overexpression. Thus Elf5 specifies the differentiation of CD61+ progenitors to establish the secretory alveolar lineage during pregnancy, providing a link between prolactin, transcriptional events, and alveolar development.
Terminal Zirconium Imides Prepared by Reductive C−N Bond Cleavage (2004)

Toluene reflux of ZrCl4 with Li(Nacnac) (Nacnac- = [Ar]NC(tBu)CHC(tBu)N[Ar], Ar = 2,6-[CH(CH3)2]2C6H3) provides the complex (Nacnac)ZrCl3 in 75% yield. Cl- substitution for OTf- is readily achieved with 3 equiv of AgOTf to yield 77% of the complex (Nacnac)Zr(OTf)2(η2-OTf). The coordination mode of the three triflato groups was determined by a combination of single-crystal X-ray analysis and 19F COSY experiments. Addition of 2 equiv of LiCH2XMe3 (X = C, Si) to (Nacnac)ZrCl4 in Et2O affords the bis(alkyl) systems (Nacnac)Zr(CH2XMe3)2Cl in good yield (X = C, 86%; X = Si, 91%). In contrast, reaction of (Nacnac)Zr(OTf)2(η2-OTf) with 2 equiv of LiCH2CMe3 leads instead to formation of the terminal zirconium−imido complex [(NactBu)ZrNAr(μ2-OTf)]2 (NactBu- = [2,6-(CHMe2)2C6H3]NC(tBu)CHC(tBu)). Likewise, reduction of (Nacnac)ZrCl3 with 2 equiv of KC8 in THF also affords a terminal zirconium−imido species, (NactBu)ZrNAr(Cl)(THF). The zirconium−imido compounds described herein result from reductive cleavage of the C−N bond of the imine functionality contained in the Nacnac- ligand. The complexes (Nacnac)ZrCl3, (Nacnac)Zr(OTf)2(η2-OTf), (Nacnac)Zr(CH2XMe3)2Cl, [(NactBu)ZrNAr(μ2-OTf)]2, and (NactBu)ZrNAr(Cl)(THF) have been fully characterized, and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis is reported for each.
A prioritized multiprocessor spin lock (1997)

In this paper, we present the PR lock, a prioritized spin lock mutual exclusion algorithm. The PR lock is a contention-free spin lock, in which blocked processes spin on locally stored or cached variables. In contrast to previous work on prioritized spin locks, our algorithm maintains a pointer to the lock holder. As a result, our spin lock can support operations on the lock holder (e.g., for abort ceiling protocols). Unlike previous algorithms, all work to maintain a priority queue is done while a process acquires a lock when it is blocked anyway. Releasing a lock is a constant time operation. We present simulation results that demonstrate the prioritized acquisition of locks, and compare the performance of the PR lock against that of the best alternative prioritized spin lock.
A comparison of homogeneous equilibrium and relaxation model for CO2 expansion inside the two-phase ejector (2016)

In this study, the comparison of the accuracy of the homogeneous equilibrium model (HEM) and homogeneous relaxation model (HRM) is presented. Both models were applied to simulate the CO2 expansion inside the two-phase ejectors. Moreover, the mentioned models were implemented in the robust and efficient computational tool ejectorPL. That tool guarantees the fully automated computational process and the repeatable computations for the various ejector shapes and operating conditions. The simulated motive nozzle mass flow rates were compared to the experimentally measured mass flow rates. That comparison was made for both, HEM and HRM. The results showed the unsatisfying fidelity of the HEM for the operating regimes far from the carbon dioxide critical point. On the other hand, the HRM accuracy for such conditions was slightly higher. The approach presented in this paper, showed the limitation of applicability of both two-phase models for the expansion phenomena inside the ejectors.
Multi-task network for automated analysis of high-resolution endomicroscopy images to detect cervical precancer and cancer (2022)

Cervical cancer is a public health emergency in low- and middle-income countries where resource limitations hamper standard-of-care prevention strategies. The high-resolution endomicroscope (HRME) is a low-cost, point-of-care device with which care providers can image the nuclear morphology of cervical lesions. Here, we propose a deep learning framework to diagnose cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more severe from HRME images. The proposed multi-task convolutional neural network uses nuclear segmentation to learn a diagnostically relevant representation. Nuclear segmentation was trained via proxy labels to circumvent the need for expensive, manually annotated nuclear masks. A dataset of images from over 1600 patients was used to train, validate, and test our algorithm; data from 20% of patients were reserved for testing. An external evaluation set with images from 508 patients was used to further validate our findings. The proposed method consistently outperformed other state-of-the art architectures achieving a test per patient area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) of 0.87. Performance was comparable to expert colposcopy with a test sensitivity and specificity of 0.94 (p = 0.3) and 0.58 (p = 1.0), respectively. Patients with recurrent human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are at a higher risk of developing cervical cancer. Thus, we sought to incorporate HPV DNA test results as a feature to inform prediction. We found that incorporating patient HPV status improved test specificity to 0.71 at a sensitivity of 0.94.
Aspects of reference locality in list structures in virtual memory (1973)

Abstract Some aspects of the problem of achieving reference locality within a virtual memory organization during the processing of list structures are discussed. We also describe a limited series of experiments to explore different techniques for the representation and allocation of list structures in a virtual memory. The experimental results tend to show that there are cost advantages in separating the organizational skeleton of a list from the data being structured. However, these results apply only to the cost factors inherent in the use of current hardware and may be altered by technological advances.
[Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor producing squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis: a case report]. (2010)

We report a case of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. A 71‒year-old woman presented with gross hematuria and leucocytosis of 21,300/mm3 (neutrophil : 86%) in the peripheral blood, but with no focus of infection. Right renal pelvic mass was found at a nearby hospital and she was referred to our hospital for examination and treatment. We performed right nephroureterectomy for a right renal pelvic tumor. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and tumor cells stained strongly positive for G-CSF. According to these histopathological findings, we diagnosed this case as G-CSF-producing squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. She is presently alive without any new recurrent lesions for 12 months.
Dynamic use of syntactical knowledge in continuous speech recognition (1993)

The control of continuous speech recognition by a context-free based language model requires a parsing process which may overload the acoustic decoding algorithm. We present a new approach to integrate such a language model in the search process. This approach extends the beam search Viterbi algorithm. In our case, the pruning technique not only selects the most likely acoustic hypotheses but also governs the dynamic expansion of a network structure. This algorithm is general enough to cope with the self-embedded recursivity of context-free languages and it favourably compares with other parsing techniques applied to spoken inputs. We present results which show that the syntactical knowledge may be efficiently included at the frame level of an acoustic decoding algorithm. Keywords: Continuous Speech Recognition, Context-Free Language Models, Beam Search Viterbi Algorithm. 1. INTRODUCTION Many continuous speech understanding systems use different language models for recognition, on the ...
Residual lens cortex material: Potential risk factor for endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification cataract surgery (2012)

No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
Combustion Gas Heating Tests of Composite Material... (2005)

Meeting Information: 56th International Astronautical Congress(October 17th-21th, 2005), Fukuoka, Japan
Use of 1.5% glycine as a nonconductive fluid medium for arthroscopic electrosurgery (1987)

Sixty-five surgical cases were studied to determine whether 1.5% glycine, used as an irrigation solution during electrosurgery to the knee, had any histological effect on the synovial cells or the articular cartilage. Histologic specimens of the articular cartilage were stained with Safranin-O to assess proteoglycans-enhanced chrondrocyte function, and the synovium was stained with pentachrome. The results indicated that there were no adverse effects, either short term or long term, when viewing both the synovium and the articular cartilage histopathologically after glycine irrigation subsequent to the electrothermal procedure.
Characterization of Predominant Reductants in an Anaerobic Leachate-Contaminated Aquifer by Nitroaromatic Probe Compounds (1998)

The biogeochemical processes controlling the reductive transformation of contaminants in an anaerobic aquifer were inferred from the relative reactivity patterns of redox-sensitive probe compounds. The fate of five nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) was monitored under different redox conditions in a landfill leachate plume of a sandy aquifer. Results of field experiments (continuous injection and in situ microcosms) were compared to the findings of laboratory batch and column experiments (using aquifer matrix and model systems for sulfate- and iron-reducing conditions). NACs were transformed within 2−70 days in the leachate plume as well as in microbially active and in microbially deactivated experiments. Generally, aromatic amines were the predominant reduction products, and these compounds were stable within the time frame and under the conditions of our experiments. Despite the presence of various potential reductants (e.g., H2S/HS-, Fe(II)aq, reduced organic matter, microorganisms), the patterns of relative reactivity of the probe compounds indicated that ferrous iron associated with iron(III) (hydr)oxide surfaces was the dominant reductant throughout the anaerobic region of the plume. Our results suggest that Fe(II) associated with ferric iron minerals is a highly reactive reductant in anaerobic aquifers, which may also determine the fate of other classes of reducible contaminants such as halogenated solvents, azo compounds, sulfoxides, chromate, or arsenate.