gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A remotely supervised home-based aerobic exercise programme is feasible for patients with Parkinson’s disease: results of a small randomised feasibility trial (2017)

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterised by disabling motor and non-motor signs. Current medical therapies can partially alleviate these symptoms, but are also accompanied by dose-limiting side effects. Moreover, their therapeutic window narrows with disease progression, leaving the patient with increasing disability. Complementary non-pharmacological approaches, such as aerobic exercise, have been evaluated for over two decades. The heterogeneity of the interventions and outcomes used hinders the interpretation of the effect of exercise in PD.1 Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have pooled the results, but their conclusions depend greatly on the diversity of the included exercise modalities. Nevertheless, a beneficial effect of exercise on motor symptoms of PD as well as a general health benefit (physical fitness) seems likely from these studies. A beneficial effect on non-motor symptoms in PD is also conceivable, but not yet proven.2 To strengthen the evidence on symptomatic benefits, we need methodologically sound randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with large sample sizes, clinically relevant outcomes for both motor and non-motor signs, long-term interventions and prolonged follow-up.3 Additionally, there is a need for pragmatic home-based or community-based studies, aiming to test the feasibility and efficacy of exercise therapies in real life. Several semi-supervised home-based studies were performed in PD before. These included low-intensity therapies that were delivered only briefly. 4. Although these home-based studies reported some positive results, it appears that more intensive exercise therapies (ie, resistance …
Factors affecting outcomes in children with cochlear implants (1997)

This is a publisher’s version of a paper from XVI World Congress of Otohinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 1997, published by Monduzzi Editore. This version is reproduced with the permission of the publisher.
Layout-aware I/O Scheduling for terabits data movement (2013)

Many science facilities, such as the Department of Energy's Leadership Computing Facilities and experimental facilities including the Spallation Neutron Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, and Advanced Photon Source, produce massive amounts of experimental and simulation data. These data are often shared among the facilities and with collaborating institutions. Moving large datasets over the wide-area network (WAN) is a major problem inhibiting collaboration. Next-generation, terabit-networks will help alleviate the problem, however, the parallel storage systems on the endsystem hosts at these institutions can become a bottleneck for terabit data movement. The parallel storage system (PFS) is shared by simulation systems, experimental systems, analysis and visualization clusters, in addition to wide-area data movers. These competing uses often induce temporary, but significant, I/O load imbalances on the storage system, which impact the performance of all the users. The problem is a serious concern because some resources are more expensive (e.g. super computers) or have time-critical deadlines (e.g. experimental data from a light source), but parallel file systems handle all requests fairly even if some storage servers are under heavy load. This paper investigates the problem of competing workloads accessing the parallel file system and how the performance of wide-area data movement can be improved in these environments. First, we study the I/O load imbalance problems using actual I/O performance data collected from the Spider storage system at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility. Second, we present I/O optimization solutions with layout-awareness on end-system hosts for bulk data movement. With our evaluation, we show that our I/O optimization techniques can avoid the I/O congested disk groups, improving storage I/O times on parallel storage systems for terabit data movement.
Effect of pirprofen on glibenclamide kinetics and response. (1982)

Pirprofen (a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent), 200 mg 8 hourly, or placebo was administered orally to eight normal volunteers to investigate its effect on the pharmacokinetics and glucose and insulin responses after 1 mg i.v. glibenclamide. No significant changes were produced in these measures and in vitro studies showed no displacement of glibenclamide by pirprofen from plasma protein binding.
The Isolation of a Brush Border Membrane Fraction from Rat Kidney (1970)

Abstract A method for isolating brush borders from rat kidney homogenates has been developed. Minced tissue, 27 g, is gently homogenized in 20 mm sodium or potassium bicarbonate, pH 8.1. The diluted homogenate, containing large fragments of brush borders, is filtered and then fractionated with the use of combined differential, isopycnic, and rate-zonal centrifugations. The purity of the final brush border fraction is documented with both morphological and enzymatic studies. Electron micrographs of the final brush border fraction show microvilli profiles with few cytoplasmic contaminants. Alkaline phosphatase assays show a 15-fold increase in specific activity of the brush border fraction relative to the starting homogenate. Acid phosphatase, glucose 6-phosphatase, and succinate cytochrome c reductase studies are consistent with contamination rates of 0.04% for lysosomes, 0.2% for microsomes, and 7% for mitochondria. Calculations based on recovery of total alkaline phosphatase activity indicate that the procedure recovers 21% of the alkaline phosphatase present in the starting homogenate. The final brush border pellet obtained from 27 g of whole kidney has a wet weight of 0.27 g and a protein content of 20 mg.
Synthetic-aperture imaging laser radar: laboratory demonstration and signal processing (2005)

The spatial resolution of a conventional imaging laser radar system is constrained by the diffraction limit of the telescope's aperture. We investigate a technique known as synthetic-aperture imaging laser radar (SAIL), which employs aperture synthesis with coherent laser radar to overcome the diffraction limit and achieve fine-resolution, long-range, two-dimensional imaging with modest aperture diameters. We detail our laboratory-scale SAIL testbed, digital signal-processing techniques, and image results. In particular, we report what we believe to be the first optical synthetic-aperture image of a fixed, diffusely scattering target with a moving aperture. A number of fine-resolution, well-focused SAIL images are shown, including both retroreflecting and diffuse scattering targets, with a comparison of resolution between real-aperture imaging and synthetic-aperture imaging. A general digital signal-processing solution to the laser waveform instability problem is described and demonstrated, involving both new algorithms and hardware elements. These algorithms are primarily data driven, without a priori knowledge of waveform and sensor position, representing a crucial step in developing a robust imaging system.
Efficacy of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Fahr Disease Associated With Bipolar Psychotic Disorder (2009)

We report a case of a patient with Fahr disease affected by bipolar disorder type I with psychotic symptoms. The complex clinical picture, characterized by both neurological and psychiatric symptoms, proved to be partially or completely resistant to several pharmacological trials. On the contrary, a marked improvement of clinical picture occurred after a cycle of 10 sessions of electroconvulsive therapy, followed by a complete and sustained resolution of mood, cognitive, motor, and behavioral symptoms during the next 4 years.
Autoprocessing of Drosophila copia gag precursor to generate a unique laminate structure in Escherichia coli (1991)

Drosophila copia protease is likely to be encoded in the gag gene. We have expressed copia gag polyprotein precursor in E. coli. The gag precursor was correctly processed to generate a unique laminate structure in E. coli. The processing was almost completely blocked by a mutation at the putative active site of copia protease, and resulted in accumulation of the precursor. Furthermore, the laminate structure was not found in E. coli expressing the mutant precursor. These results indicate that the protease is involved in cleaving the gag precursor itself. Also, the assembly of copia gag protein should correlate to the autoprocessing of copia gag polyprotein precursor.
Track Prediction for HF Radar Vessels Submerged in Strong Clutter Based on MSCNN Fusion with GRU-AM and AR Model (2021)

High-frequency (HF) surface-wave radar has a wide range of applications in marine monitoring due to its long-distance, wide-area, and all-weather detection ability. However, the accurate detection of HF radar vessels is severely restricted by strong clutter and interference, causing the echo of vessels completely submerged by clutter. As a result, the target cannot be detected and tracked for a period of time under the influence of strong clutter, which causes broken trajectories. To solve this problem, we propose an HF radar-vessel trajectory-prediction method based on a multi-scale convolutional neural network (MSCNN) that combines a gated recurrent unit and attention mechanism (GRU-AM) and a fusion with an autoregressive (AR) model. The vessel’s latitude and longitude information obtained by the HF radar is sent into the convolutional neural network (CNN) with different window lengths in parallel, and feature fusion is performed on the extracted multi-scale features. The deep GRU model is built to learn the time series with the GRU structure to preserve historical information. Different weights are given to the features using the temporal attention mechanism (AM), which helps the network learn the key information. The linear information on latitude and longitude at the current timestep is forecast by combining the AR model with the trajectory output from the AM to achieve a combination of linear and nonlinear prediction models. To make full use of the HF radar tracking information, the broken trajectory prediction is carried out by forward and backward computation using data from before and after the fracture, respectively. Weights are then assigned to the two predicted results by the entropy-value method to obtain the final ship trajectory by weighted summation. Field experiments show that the proposed method can accurately forecast the trajectories of vessels concealed in clutter. In comparison with other mainstream methods, the new method performs better in estimation accuracy for HF radar vessels concealed in clutter.
Rubella Vaccination (1971)

An experiment of colossal proportions is now going on with respect to rubella vaccination in the United States, albeit without calling it such. The experiment seeks to determine whether mass vaccination of children will prevent the spread of wild rubella virus through them to their mothers. The known facts in support of this policy are that the vaccine strains produce antibodies that prevent the vaccinee from developing clinical rubella, and that children form the largest epidemiologic reservoir of natural rubella. The concept of "herd immunity" has been invoked in the argument that immunization of a large proportion of children will interrupt the circulation of wild virus. Unfortunately, like true love in La Rochefoucauld's famous aphorism, everybody has heard of herd immunity in rubella, but no one has seen it. Studies of children and military recruits have shown high rates of reinfection in vaccinees and undiminished infection in seronegative contacts, although
Machine vision system for counting the number of corrugated cardboard (2014)

This paper presents a method for counting the number of corrugated cardboard using machine vision system and image processing techniques. The cardboard edge images that are strip or slitter and fluted or cut-off side were used for detection and counting. The gray level of edge images which obtain from the line scan camera are convert to binary images by threshoding. After that the strip lines of the slitter side are extracted by the first-order derivative and morphology then processed with MODE for counting. For the cut-off side, the fluted areas of cardboard are identified and measured using Blob analysis. Then the centers of the detected area are located and counted as the number of cardboards. MATLAB is applied to simulate in the experiments for determine the algorithms and perform the real-time experiments using HALCON to see the accuracy and performance of the system. The cardboard type BC, C and B were used in the tests. As experimental results, it is shown that the system provided the correct counting with tolerance of 2 cm and 3 cm in the case of the cardboard placed away further the camera focus for the slitter and cut-off side respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: MONOCYCLOPENTADIENYLSTIBINE. SYNTHESE UND DYNAMISCHES VERHALTEN (1975)

Abstract Durch Umsetzen der lithiierten Cyclopentadiene (I) mit dem Stibin (II) wurden die f Cyclopentadienylstibine (III) dargestellt.
WE-E-BRB-02: Evaluation of Analytical Proton Dose Predictions with a Lung-Like Plastic Phantom (2012)

If not predicted correctly, Distal Edge Degradation in lung cancer therapy can lead to severe under-dosage of the target region and unwanted dose in organs at risk distal to the Bragg peak. Therefore clinically used dose calculation algorithms have to be extended to take lateral in homogeneities into account.
Correction to: The underestimated burden of monogenic kidney disease in adults waitlisted for kidney transplantation (2021)

Correction to: Genetics in Medicine23:2021; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41436-021-01127-8; published online 12 March 2021 Unfortunately, the Funding was given incorrectly. The following funding should be added: E.S. received a grant from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The original article has been corrected. The underestimated burden of monogenic kidney disease in adults waitlisted for kidney transplantationGenetics in MedicineVol. 23Issue 7PreviewChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health-care burden. Increasing evidence suggests that a considerable proportion of patients are affected by a monogenic kidney disorder. Full-Text PDF Open Access
Dominant subtype switch in avian influenza viruses during 2016–2019 in China (2020)

We have surveyed avian influenza virus (AIV) genomes from live poultry markets within China since 2014. Here we present a total of 16,091 samples that were collected from May 2016 to February 2019 in 23 provinces and municipalities in China. We identify 2048 AIV-positive samples and perform next generation sequencing. AIV-positive rates (12.73%) from samples had decreased substantially since 2016, compared to that during 2014-2016 (26.90%). Additionally, H9N2 has replaced H5N6 and H7N9 as the dominant AIV subtype in both chickens and ducks. Notably, novel reassortants and variants continually emerged and disseminated in avian populations, including H7N3, H9N9, H9N6 and H5N6 variants. Importantly, almost all of the H9 AIVs and many H7N9 and H6N2 strains prefer human-type receptors, posing an increased risk for human infections. In summary, our nation-wide surveillance highlights substantial changes in the circulation of AIVs since 2016, which greatly impacts the prevention and control of AIVs in China and worldwide.
A model for analytical performance prediction of hypervapotron (1992)

A hypervapotron is a water-cooled device which combines the advantages of finned surfaces with the large heat transfer rates possible during boiling heat transfer. Hypervapotrons have been used as beam dumps in the past and plans are under way to use them for divertor cooling in the Joint European Torus (JET). Experiments at JET have shows that a surface heat flux of 25 MW/m{sup 2} can be achieved in hypervapotrons. This performance makes such a device very attractive for cooling of divertor of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). This paper presents an analytical method to predict the thermal performance of the hypervapotrons. Preliminary results show an excellent agreement between experimental results and analytical prediction over a wide range of flow velocities, pressures, subcooling temperatures and heat fluxes. This paper also presents the predicted performance of hypervapotron made of materials other than copper. After further development and verification, the analytical method could be used for optimizing designs and performance prediction.
Spatially Resolved Electrostatic Potential and Photocurrent Generation in Carbon Nanotube Array Devices (2012)

We have used laser-excited photocurrent microscopy to map the internal electrostatic potential profile of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube (S-SWCNT) array devices with a spatial resolution of 250 nm. The measurements of S-SWCNTs on optically transparent samples provide new insights into the physical principles of device operation and reveal performance-limiting local heterogeneities in the electrostatic potential profile not observable with other imaging techniques. The experiments deliver photocurrent images from the underside of the S-SWCNT-metal contacts and thus enable the direct measurement of the charge carrier transfer lengths at the palladium-S-SWCNT and aluminum-S-SWCNT interfaces. We use the experimental results to formulate design rules for optimized layouts of S-SWCNT-based photovoltaic devices. Furthermore, we demonstrate the external control of the electrostatic potential profile in S-SWCNT array devices equipped with local metal gates.
The Connection Domain Mutation N348I in HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Enhances Resistance to Etravirine and Rilpivirine but Restricts the Emergence of the E138K Resistance Mutation by Diminishing Viral Replication Capacity (2013)

Clinical resistance to rilpivirine (RPV), a novel nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor (NNRTI), is associated an E-to-K mutation at position 138 (E138K) in RT together with an M184I/V mutation that confers resistance against emtricitabine (FTC), a nucleoside RT inhibitor (NRTI) that is given together with RPV in therapy. These two mutations can compensate for each other in regard to fitness deficits conferred by each mutation alone, raising the question of why E138K did not arise spontaneously in the clinic following lamivudine (3TC) use, which also selects for the M184I/V mutations. In this context, we have investigated the role of a N348I connection domain mutation that is prevalent in treatment-experienced patients. N348I confers resistance to both the NRTI zidovudine (ZDV) and the NNRTI nevirapine (NVP) and was also found to be associated with M184V and to compensate for deficits associated with the latter mutation. Now, we show that both N348I alone and N348I/M184V can prevent or delay the emergence of E138K under pressure with RPV or a related NNRTI, termed etravirine (ETR). N348I also enhanced levels of resistance conferred by E138K against RPV and ETR by 2.2- and 2.3-fold, respectively. The presence of the N348I or M184V/N348I mutation decreased the replication capacity of E138K virus, and biochemical assays confirmed that N348I, in a background of E138K, impaired RT catalytic efficiency and RNase H activity. These findings help to explain the low viral replication capacity of viruses containing the E138K/N348I mutations and how N348I delayed or prevented the emergence of E138K in patients with M184V-containing viruses.
Construction of a Gaseous Optical Maser Using Brewster Angle Windows (1963)

NRC publication: Yes
Identification of a novel type 2 innate immunocyte with the ability to enhance IgE production (2013)

Fas (CD95), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, mediates apoptosis-inducing signals in its expressing cells, especially in self-reactive cells. We recently reported that Fas(-/-) mice with a BALB/c background (BALB/c Fas(-/-) mice) developed blepharitis with allergic inflammation that was accompanied by hyper-IgE production. Here, we found a novel type of immunocyte in the spleen of BALB/c Fas(-/-) mice, which enhanced the production of IgE by B cells in the presence of IL-4 and CD40 signaling in vitro. The immunocyte did not express lineage markers but expressed Thy-1 and Sca-1 just like recently identified type 2 innate lymphoid cells, such as natural helper (NH) cells and nuocytes. However, they did not express c-Kit, IL-7R and IL-33R (T1/ST2), important markers of type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Instead, our identified Lin(-)Thy-1(+)Sca-1(+) cells expressed IL-18R and secreted Th2 cytokines when co-cultured with B cells or when stimulated with IL-18 and IL-2. Moreover, we found essentially the same type of cells in BALB/c wild-type mice as in BALB/c Fas(-/-) mice, which enhanced IgE production in contact with B cells in vitro. These cells from BALB/c wild-type mice expressed Fas and were sensitive to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Collectively, the newly identified Lin(-)Thy-1(+)Sca-1(+) cell, which we designated a F-NH cell (Fas-expressing natural helper cell), is a novel type 2 innate immunocyte with activity to enhance IgE production from B cells with the help of IL-4 and CD40 signaling. F-NH cells may play an important role in the development of chronic allergic inflammation.
Experimental confirmation of the period-adding route to chaos in a nonlinear circuit (1986)

Experimental confirmation has been made on a negativeresistance oscillator circuit which exhibits the new period-adding route to chaos recently reported by Kaneko on a discrete map. The nonlinear element in the circuit is a negative-resistance device synthesized by using two bipolar transistors and four positive linear resistors. This circuit exhibits a new route to chaos; namely, through period-adding where the periods of two successive periodic waveforms belonging to each periodadding sequence differ by one; i.e., from period <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n - 1</tex> or <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n + 1</tex> . The transition to chaos (after one or more periodic states) resulted directly from a loss of stability of a periodic state at a bifurcation point. Several general features of the periodic-chaotic transition sequence have been observed and presented.
Monitoring and adaptive control of CO2 laser flame cutting (2010)

In this paper a real-time control and optimization system for laser flame cutting of thick plates of mild steel is presented. The proposed system consists of two subsystems, namely a process monitoring and a control and optimization module. The process monitoring module evaluates the cut quality by measuring a set of sensing parameters, which are well-correlated with different quality characteristics of the cut surface. The applicability of different optical sensors (photodiodes and a NIRcamera) has been investigated. An overview of the most suitable set of sensing parameters is presented. The correlations between different quality deteriorations and the sensing parameters are mentioned as well as the reasons for these correlations. The real-time control and optimization module is implemented as an expert system with a dual functionality. On the one hand, it compares the sensing parameters with predefined thresholds and assigns one of the predefined quality classes to the instantaneous cut quality. On the other hand, it modifies the cutting parameters based on the predefined set of interpretable rules corresponding to the identified quality class. The obtained results prove the effectiveness of the chosen approach in terms of increased autonomy, productivity, and efficiency of the process, as well as elimination of the need for manual quality control and the possibility to automatically generate quality reports.