gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation aveugle de l'écart-type du bruit additif, indépendant et/ou dépendant du signal : application aux images texturées multi/hyperspectrales (2011)

Cette thèse traite le problème de l'estimation aveugle des paramètres du bruit de capteur, inévitablement présent dans les images multi/hyperspectrales. Un modèle bidimensionnel de mouvement brownien fractionnaire (fBm) est choisi pour décrire localement la texture. L estimation des paramètres du modèle fBm et de l écart-type (STD) d un bruit additif, dépendant, ou indépendant du signal, est obtenue au sens du maximum de vraisemblance, ceci pour des images multicomposantes et hyperspectrales. Les bornes inférieures de Cramer-Rao (CRLB) pour chaque paramètre estimé (fBm, STD) sont calculées et utilisées afin de comprendre l influence relative de chaque paramètre estimé sur la précision finale de l estimation de l écart-type du bruit. Tout d'abord, les zones informatives sur le bruit, sont définies comme celles satisfaisant une Information de Fisher prédéfinie sur l écart-type du bruit. Nous montrons comment déterminer ces zones à partir des images bruitées. Ensuite, il est démontré que les zones informatives sur le bruit, et celles informatives sur la texture sont conjointement nécessaires pour améliorer la précision de l estimation de l écart-type du bruit. Enfin, la précision potentielle des estimations locales de l écart-type du bruit sont prédites pour une image donnée et fournissent l'intervalle de confiance de ces estimations. Finalement, il est démontré qu une version multidimensionnelle de l'estimateur proposé peut être avantageusement appliquée pour l'estimation de l écart-type du bruit (dépendant du signal) des bandes spectrales pour le capteur AVIRIS et, aussi pour les capteurs hyper-spectraux de nouvelle génération. Dans la partie expérimentale de la thèse, les estimateurs de l état de l art existants et ceux proposés sont comparés sur une large base d images à l'aide du critère de l'efficacité statistique, fonction des bornes inférieures de Cramer-Rao.
Development of Photocatalytic Pervious Concrete Pavement for Air and Storm Water Improvements (2012)

Self-cleaning, air-purifying pervious concrete pavement is a promising technology that can be constructed with air-cleaning agents with superhydrophilic photocatalyst capabilities, such as titanium dioxide. Although this technology has the potential of supporting environment-friendly road infrastructure, its effectiveness depends on a number of design and operational parameters that need to be evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mechanical, environmental, and mix design parameters that influence the performance and effectiveness of photocatalytic pervious concrete pavement. To achieve this objective, an experimental program was conducted in which the effects of relative humidity level, pollutants' flow rate, and mix design parameters, including void ratio and depth of the photocatalytic layer, were investigated. Mechanical performance tests included porosity, unit weight, permeability, and compressive strength. The environmental efficiency of the samples to remove nitrogen oxides (NO x ) from the atmosphere was measured in the laboratory. Results of the experimental program showed that increasing the depth of the photocatalytic layer increased NO x reduction efficiency. In addition, NO x removal efficiency decreased with the increase in the pollutant flow rate and increased with the increase in ultraviolet light intensity.
Improving quality of life, behavior and function in individuals with dementia through technology-assisted reminiscence (2011)

In this paper we make the case that demographic trends emphasize a need for assistive technology supporting seniors with Alzheimer‟s disease and related dementia disorders (ADRD). Support is specifically needed to alleviate everyday behavioral symptoms associated with ADRD. A reminiscence-based technology solution is then introduced.
Size-Optimized Microspace Culture Facilitates Differentiation of Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Osteoid-Rich Bone Constructs (2020)

Microspace culture is promising for self-organization of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). However, the optimal size of microspaces for osteogenic differentiation is unclear. We hypothesized that a specific microspace size could facilitate self-organizing iPSC differentiation to form bone-like tissue <i>in vitro</i>. The objectives of this study were to investigate such effects of microspace size and to evaluate bone regeneration upon transplantation of the resulting osteogenic constructs. Dissociated mouse gingival fibroblast-derived iPSCs were plated in ultra-low-attachment microspace culture wells containing hundreds of U-bottom-shaped microwell spots per well to form cell aggregates in growth medium. The microwells had different aperture diameters/depths (400/560 <i>μ</i>m (Elp400), 500/700 <i>μ</i>m (Elp500), and 900/700 <i>μ</i>m (Elp900)) (Kuraray; Elplasia). After 5 days of aggregation, cells were maintained in osteogenic induction medium for 35 days. Only cells in the Elp500 condition tightly aggregated and maintained high viability during osteogenic induction. After 10 days of induction, Elp500 cell constructs showed significantly higher gene expression of <i>Runx2</i>, <i>Osterix</i>, <i>Collagen 1a1</i>, <i>Osteocalcin</i>, <i>Bone sialoprotein</i>, and <i>Osteopontin</i> compared to constructs in Elp400 and Elp900. In methylene blue-counterstained von Kossa staining and Movat's pentachrome staining, only Elp500 constructs showed robust osteoid formation on day 35, with high expression of type I collagen (a major osteoid component) and osteocalcin proteins. Cell constructs were transplanted into rat calvarial bone defects, and micro-CT analysis after 3 weeks showed better bone repair with significantly higher bone mineral density in the Elp500 group compared to the Elp900 group. These results suggest that microspace size affects self-organized osteogenic differentiation of iPSCs. Elp500 microspace culture specifically induces mouse iPSCs into osteoid-rich bone-like tissue possessing high bone regeneration capacity.
Addendum: Bedoya-Pérez, L.P. et al. Role of UPR Pathway in Defense Response of Aedes aegypti against Cry11Aa Toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14, 8467–8478 (2016)

The authors would like to indicate that Dr. Angeles Cancino-Rodezno and Leidy P. Bedoya-Pérez participated equally in their paper published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences [1].[...]
Data Supplement from Cancer Affects microRNA Expression, Release, and Function in Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1. miRNA array data.&lt;/p&gt;
Querying XML documents by dynamic shredding (2004)

With the wide adoption of XML as a standard data representation and exchange format querying XML documents becomes increasingly important. However relational database systems constitute a much more mature technology than what is available for native storage of XML. To bridge the gap one way to manage XML data is to use a commercial relational database system. In this approach users typically first ``shred'' their documents by isolating what they predict to be meaningful fragments then store the individual fragments according to some relational schema and later translate each XML query (e.g. expressed in W3C's XQuery) to SQL queries expressed against the shredded documents.
Immunology and Immunopathology of the Intestines: Ulcerative Colitis: Specific Antibodies Against a Colonic Epithelial Mr 40,000 Protein (1989)

A colon tissue-bound disease specific IgG (CCA-IgG) antibody can be eluted from the colonic tissue of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). CCA-IgG recognizes an Mr 40,000 protein present in both normal and diseased colon. Using an anti-Mr 40,000 murine monoclonal antibody this protein has been localized exclusively in colonic epithelial cells mainly along the baso-lateral domains of plasma membrane. Non-colonic epithelial tissues from 12 different organs including small intestine did not react with the anti-Mr 40,000 monoclonal antibody. The Mr 40,000 protein is present in the RPMI-4788 colon cancer cells but not in HeLa. The antibody dependent cell-mediated cytolysis by UC sera against RPMI-4788 cells was inhibited by anti-Mr 40,000 polyclonal antibody. These findings suggest that CCA-IgG and the Mr 40,000 colonic epithelial protein are involved in an autoimmune reaction and may be important in the pathogenesis of UC.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOBUTANE‐BICYCLOBUTANE SYSTEM. 3. FREE, HYDROGEN‐BONDED, AND CATION‐STABILIZED CARBANIONS α TO A CYANO GROUP IN A CYCLOBUTANE RING (1980)

Abstract Die Titelionen (II) entstehen entweder durch Addition von z.B. Methanolationen in Methanol an das bicyclische Carbonitril (I) oder durch Deprotonierung der cis‐ und trans‐Alkoxycarbonitrile (III) durch Na‐isopropanolat in Isopropanol mit und ohne Zusatz von Kronenethern.
Photoconductivity in sputter-deposited CdS and CdS-ZnO nanocomposite thin films (2001)

Nanocrystalline CdS and CdS-ZnO thin films were deposited at room temperature using high-pressure radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The CdS-ZnO nanocomposite film was made up of particles smaller than 2 nm and showed a composite band gap of 2.72 eV. Both samples showed appreciable photoconductivity, extremely fast response and high photostability. We show that the photoresponse in these samples arises mainly from the band-gap transition and excitonic contributions are insignificant. A comparison of the photocurrent response with absorption and photoluminescence data indicates that photocurrent spectroscopy is a simple and extremely useful technique for characterizing systems (such as nanoparticles) with low radiative cross sections.
Cooperative 3D Beamforming for Small-Cell and Cell-Free 6G Systems (2022)

Three dimensional (3D) resource reuse is an important design requirement for the prospective sixth generation (6 G) wireless communication systems. Hence, we propose a cooperative 3D beamformer for use in 3D space. Explicitly, we harness multiple base station antennas for joint zero forcing transmit pre-coding for beaming the transmit signals in specific 3D directions. The technique advocated is judiciously configured for use in both cell-based and cell-free wireless architectures. We evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme using the metric of Volumetric Spectral Efficiency (VSE). We also characterized the performance of the scheme in terms of its spectral efficiency (SE) and Bit Error Rate (BER) through extensive simulation studies.
Still a long way to go to defeating atherosclerotic disease: a call to arms! (2009)

The REduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry1 is by far the largest international registry of patients with stable, chronic atherosclerotic disease, and Alberts et al. should certainly be commended for such an endeavour. The paper presents the 3-year outcome data in 32 247 patients with symptomatic disease, representing 81% of those eligible for follow-up. Although the proportion of patients lost to follow-up is definitely high, it nevertheless seems acceptable, granting the difficulty of such a worldwide study, and the conclusions from these analyses can certainly be considered solid evidence. The population is constituted of a majority with coronary artery disease, but also of patients with cerebrovascular disease or peripheral artery disease; ∼20% had involvement of several arterial territories. The mean age of the patients was 68.5 years at inclusion, two-thirds were men, and 37% were diabetic. Recruitment was contemporary, carried out between 2003 and 2004.

The information brought by this study1 can be categorized into three groups: medication prescription and compliance; inequalities in treatment and clinical outcomes; and rates of clinical outcomes in the whole population as well as in population subsets.

The data on medications yield mixed results; the baseline prescription rates were rather on the low side for patients with symptomatic vascular disease: 92% for antithrombotic agents, 68% for statins (73% for lipid-lowering agents); in addition 91% received antihypertensive medications, and a fair proportion of those received angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (nearly 70%) and/or β-blockers (slightly less than half of the population).2 The bright side, however, is that there seems to have been an excellent adherence with the medications initially prescribed. Use of antithrombotic agents was stable, and that of lipid-lowering medications increased to 76% at 3 years. This emphasizes the fundamental role of the initial prescription: once medications …
New Gene Therapy Strategies for the Deletion of Exon 44 of Dystrophin Gene Based on Gene Editing by TALENs (2013)

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a severe childhood form of muscular dystrophy. Both the severe form and its milder form of Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD) are caused by the mutation of dystrophin gene. Different from some other genetic diseases such as hemophilia that can be treated by replacement therapy, there is no effective therapy for muscular dystrophy in conventional medication. Gene editing technology from the recently developed engineered nucleases such as TALENs has been successfully employed in genome modification of a variety of species, and will be applied in gene therapy of selected human diseases. The genetic basis of DMD and BMD indicates that DMD is a good target for gene therapy through returning the reading frame of dystrophin gene. Gene therapy strategies described here may apply to many other genetic diseases. Wider application of TALENs in gene therapy have the potential to dramatically prolong the lifespan of individuals with genetic diseases.
Improving Resource Efficiency of Container-Instance Clusters on Clouds (2017)

Cloud computing providers such as Amazon and Google have recently begun offering container-instances, which provide an efficient route to application deployment within a lightweight, isolated and well-defined execution environment. Cloud providers currently offer Container Service Platforms (CSPs), which orchestrate containerised applications. Existing CSP frameworks do not offer any form of intelligent resource scheduling: applications are usually scheduled individually, rather than taking a holistic view of all registered applications and available resources in the cloud. This can result in increased execution times for applications, resource wastage through underutilised container-instances, and a reduction in the number of applications that can be deployed, given the available resources. The research presented in this paper aims to extend existing systems by adding a cloud-based Container Management Service (CMS) framework that offers increased deployment density, scalability and resource efficiency. CMS provides additional functionalities for orchestrating containerised applications by joint optimisation of sets of containerised applications, and resource pool in multiple (geographical distributed) cloud regions. We evaluated CMS on a cloud-based CSP i.e., Amazon EC2 Container Management Service (ECS) and conducted extensive experiments using sets of CPU and Memory intensive containerised applications against the direct deployment strategy of Amazon ECS. The results show that CMS achieves up to 25% higher cluster utilisation, and up to 70% reduction in execution times.
Amyloid Fibril Protein Nomenclature - 2002 (2002)

The Nomenclature Committe met at the IX International Symposium on Amyloidosis in Budapest, July 2001. Members present were Merrill Benson, Maria Saraiva, Jean Sipe and Per Westermark (Chairman). Members absent were Shukuro Araki, Alan S. Cohen, Bias Frangione and Colin Masters. New members of the Committee were Joel Buxbaum, Giampaolo Merlini and Shu-ichi Ikeda who were approved by the participants at the Symposium.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Synthesis of (E)‐2‐Alkylidenecyclobutanols. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Transverse-Longitudinal Phase-Space Manipulations and Correlations (2006)

Manipulations on transverse and longitudinal phase‐space distribution of an electron beam are discussed within the constraints imposed by symplectic conditions. A few examples are presented: transverse‐longitudinal emittance exchange to improve performance of a high‐gain free‐electron laser (FEL) for hard x‐rays, and the flat beam technique and its application to compact Terahertz devices and ultrashort‐pulse generation. It is shown that emittance transfer to some degree would be advantageous for FELs and that introducing correlations would allow just such transfers. Also, it is shown that transverse‐longitudinal correlations would be distinctly advantageous for FELs. Conventional and exotic methods of producing such correlations are described. Practical difficulties associated with each of the conventional methods are described, although the nonconventional methods appear to hold promise.
MOSFET with additional lateral trench gate (2009)

We present a device structure consisting of a MOS transistor with additional lateral trench gate (LTG). It can be seen as two transistors with surface and lateral gates respectively sharing the same source and drain. The device can be implemented and fabricated in a standard CMOS process with few extra process steps for integrating polysilicon-filled trenches. Current-voltage characterization of the device shows double-threshold-voltage behavior of the lateral-gate transistor, which may be due to non-homogenous doping distributions. Due to combined effects of channel-width modulation and shallow-body depletion, the threshold voltage of each transistor can be tuned to a certain extent by the other transistor's gate voltage. Such effects are more pronounced when reducing gate width.
[Biomedical research: to know the judicial and legal aspects]. (1994)

In France, therapeutic trials are governed by the so-called Huriet Law of December 20, 1988 concerning the "protection of subjects participating in biomedical research". Urologists must be familiar with this Law to preserve their responsibility. We must make sure that the Sponsor fulfils his obligations and that the information which we give to our patients guarantees the validity of their consent. The authors recall the legal penalties associated with failure to comply with this law.
Aquifer Storage and Recovery: Recent Hydrogeological Advances and System Performance (2006)

Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is part of the solution to the global problem of managing water resources to meet existing and future freshwater demands. However, the metaphoric "ASR bubble" has been burst with the realization that ASR systems are more physically and chemically complex than the general conceptualization. Aquifer heterogeneity and fluid-rock interactions can greatly affect ASR system performance. The results of modeling studies and field experiences indicate that more sophisticated data collection and solute-transport modeling are required to predict how stored water will migrate in heterogeneous aquifers and how fluid-rock interactions will affect the quality of stored water. It has been well-demonstrated, by historic experience, that ASR systems can provide very large volumes of storage at a lesser cost than other options. The challenges moving forward are to improve the success rate of ASR systems, optimize system performance, and set expectations appropriately.
Effects of the Combined ETA and ETB Receptor Antagonist PD145065 on Arteries, Arterioles, and Veins in the Cat Hindlimb (1995)

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology™ is a peer reviewed, multidisciplinary journal that publishes original articles and pertinent review articles on basic and clinical aspects of cardiovascular pharmacology. Appropriate subjects include new drug development and evaluation, physiological and pharmacological bases of drug action, metabolism, drug interactions and side effects, clinical results with new and established agents and novel methods. The focus is on pharmacology in its broadest applications, incorporating not only traditional approaches, but new approaches to the development of pharmacological agents and the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Quantum-cascade laser measurements of stratospheric methane and nitrous oxide (2001)

A tunable quantum-cascade (QC) laser has been flown on NASA's ER-2 high-altitude aircraft to produce the first atmospheric gas measurements with this newly invented device, an important milestone in the QC laser's future planetary, industrial, and commercial applications. Using a cryogenically cooled QC laser during a series of 20 aircraft flights beginning in September 1999 and extending through March 2000, we took measurements of methane (CH(4)) and nitrous oxide (N(2)O) gas up to ~20 km in the stratosphere over North America, Scandinavia, and Russia. The QC laser operating near an 8-mum wavelength was produced by the groups of Capasso and Cho of Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, where QC lasers were invented in 1994. Compared with its companion lead salt diode lasers that were also flown on these flights, the single-mode QC laser cooled to 82 K and produced higher output power (10 mW), narrower laser linewidth (17 MHz), increased measurement precision (a factor of 3), and better spectral stability (~0.1 cm(-1) K). The sensitivity of the QC laser channel was estimated to correspond to a minimum-detectable mixing ratio for methane of approximately 2 parts per billion by volume.
Results of a Screening for von Willebrand Disease Type 2N in Patients with Suspected Haemophilia A or von Willebrand Disease Type 1 (1996)

Summary A screening program for the detection of patients with von Willebrand disease type 2N (VWD 2N) was carried out in 177 unrelated patients previously diagnosed with haemophilia A and in 199 unrelated patients with VWD type 1 in comparison. By measuring the factor VIII (FVIII) binding capacity of von Willebrand factor (VWF), we detected 13 patients with VWD 2N within 8 unrelated families. The former diagnosis has been haemophilia A in 5 index patients, and VWD in the remaining 3. Included in this study were 14 patients with suspected haemophilia A, whose molecular analysis for mutations in the FVIII gene was unsuccessful. Five of them had VWD 2N. In all patients with the VWD 2N phenotype we were able to identify specific molecular defects in the corresponding DNA sequence of the FVIII binding domain of VWF. The most common defect was R91Q. Four patients from 4 families were homozygous for R91Q, six patients from 3 families were compound heterozygous for R91Q and a silent yet unidentified allele. The VWD 2N phenotype of father, daughter, and son in one family, was based on 2 different genotypes, compound heterozygosity for R91Q and VWD type 1 in the father and the daughter, and homozygosity for R91Q in the son. Two patients from one family were compound heterozygous for T28M and ΔC2680-2685 in exon 18, and one patient was compound heterozygous for a novel candidate missense mutation in exon 18 (E24K) and ΔC2680-2685 in exon 18 which is regarded the most common defect causing severe VWD type 3. FVIII:C values of 0.07 and 0.14 IU/ml were observed in patients with the genotype T28MIΔC2680-2685 whereas in patients being homozygous or compound heterozygous for R91Q, FVIII:C was 0.19 ° 0.071 IU/ml. In contrast to the other genotypes, E24KIΔC2680-2685 is correlated with a more severe haemophilic phenotype with a FVIII residual activity of only 0.01-0.02 IU/ml. This emphasizes the need for inclusion of the factor VIII binding assay in the diagnostic workup of suspected haemophilia A.