gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Postcracking Compliance Analysis of RC Beams (1979)

An analytical model for postcracking compliance of rectangular reinforced concrete beams under combined torsion, bending, and transverse shear is established using the skew bending theory. The case of small transverse shear and the case of large transverse shear are treated separately based on widely accepted failure modes. Expressions for small transverse shear are identical to those obtained in a previous work using a space truss model which assumed zero transverse shear. These expressions show good agreement with tests. The interaction between torsion and large transverse shear predicted by the proposed model is verified by available experimental results.
Timing of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in 54,552 patients and the risk of surgical site infection (2017)

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of timing of preoperative surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) on surgical site infection (SSI) and compare the different timing intervals.The benefit of routine use of SAP prior to surgery has long been recognized. However, the optimal timing has not been defined. For the purpose of developing recommendations for the World Health Organization guideline for SSI prevention, a systematic review and meta-analysis of all relevant evidence was conducted.Major medical databases were searched from 1990 to 2016. The primary outcome was SSI after preoperative-SAP comparing different timing intervals. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted and pooled for each comparison with a random effects model.Fourteen papers with 54,552 patients were included in this review. In a quantitative analysis, there was no significant difference when SAP was administered 120-60 minutes prior to incision compared to administration 60-0 minutes prior to incision. Studies investigating different timing intervals within the last 60 minutes time frame reported contradictive results. The risk of SSI almost doubled when SAP was administered after first incision (OR:1.89; 95%CI:[1.05-3.40]) and was 5 times higher when administered more than 120 minutes prior to incision (OR5.26; 95%CI:[3.29-8.39]).Administration of antibiotic prophylaxis more than 120 minutes before incision or after incision is associated a higher risk of surgical site infections than administration less than 120 minutes before incision. Within this 120-minute time frame prior to incision, no differential effects could be identified. The broadly accepted recommendation to administer prophylaxis within a 60-minute time frame prior to incision could not be substantiated.
Ventricular endocardial right bifocal stimulation in treatment of severe dilated cardiomyopathy heart failure in patients with unsuccessful biventricular pacemaker implantation (2005)

In a minority patients (pts) the endocardial approach to the left ventricular fails due to advanced heart disease or anatomic factors. In such pts bifocal endocardial pacing in right ventricle might be the profitable alternative. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical and hemodymanic parameters in pts with with bifocal pacing and severe heart failure. 9 pts (6 males, 3 female) with mean age 68±8 years, in heart failure (at NYHA functional class IV), with QRS duration > 130 ms, with LVEF &#60; 35% were included to the study. In all pts endocardial left ventricular approach was failed. Then, bifocal pacing system (one lead to the apex of the right ventricle (RVA) and the other to the right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT) was implanted. Atrial lead was inserted to the right atrial appendage. Next, all leads were connected to the three chamber pacemaker (Biotronik Stratos LV). Echo study in every pts with A-Vdelay and V-V delay optimisation was performed. Following parameters before (Bimpl) and after procedure (Aimpl) (from 2 to 8 , mean 5,6±3 days) were estimated: NYHA functional class (NYHA), 6 minute walking test (6MWT), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVdD), left ventricular systolic diameter (LVsD), cardiac output (CI) and cardiac index (CI). The results are presented in table below: During the short term follow up in selected pts in whom achievment of pacingthrough a venous branch of coronary sinus was not possible and bifocal system in right ventricle was implanted, significant improvment in NYHA functional class, 6 minute walking test and in the majority of hemodynamic parametrers was reported.
The Human β-Globin Replication Initiation Region Consists of Two Modular Independent Replicators (2004)

Previous studies have shown that mammalian cells contain replicator sequences, which can determine where DNA replication initiates. However, the specific sequences that confer replicator activity were not identified. Here we report a detailed analysis of replicator sequences that dictate initiation of DNA replication from the human beta-globin locus. This analysis suggests that the beta-globin replication initiation region contains two adjacent, redundant replicators. Each replicator was capable of initiating DNA replication independently at ectopic sites. Within each of these two replicators, we identified short, discrete, nonredundant sequences, which cooperatively determine replicator activity. Experiments with somatic cell hybrids further demonstrated that the requirements for initiation at ectopic sites were similar to the requirements for initiation within native human chromosomes. The replicator clustering and redundancy exemplified in the human beta-globin locus may account for the extreme difficulty in identifying replicator sequences in mammalian cells and suggest that mammalian replication initiation sites may be determined by cooperative sequence modules.
A wearable UHF RFID tag antenna-based metamaterial for biomedical applications (2020)

The development of miniature antennas for bio-medical applications has attracted the attention of many researchers in the last years. In this letter, we provide a miniature antenna for the RFID tag for identifying patients in African and European hospitals. The proposed antenna is designed on a flexible silicon substrate with a relative dielectric constant of 11.9 and a thickness of 1.6mm. An in-depth study of the proposed wearable antenna was made in free space and on human tissue. The achieved results showed good performance in terms of miniaturization, bandwidth, impedance matching and, reading distance. The presented tag antenna is designed and simulated by using CST-MWS solver and the results were validated by HFSS and both results are in good agreement.
The relationship between Helicobacter pylori motility, morphology and phase of growth: implications for gastric colonization and pathology (1999)

To explore the relationship between Helicobacter pylori motility, morphology and phase of growth, bacteria were isolated from antral biopsies of patients with duodenal ulcer or non-ulcer dyspepsia, and grown in liquid medium in batch and continuous culture systems. Motilities and morphologies of H. pylori in different phases of growth were examined with a Hobson BackTracker and by transmission electron microscopy. Morphologies of bacteria grown in vitro were also compared with those of bacteria in antral biopsies from patients with non-autoimmune gastritis. H. pylori had poor motility in lag phase, became highly motile in mid-exponential phase and lost motility in the decline phase of growth. Motilities of bacteria in the same phase of growth from patients with duodenal ulcer or non-ulcer dyspepsia were not significantly different. In the mid/late-exponential phase of growth bacteria had helical morphologies and multiple polar flagella, typical of H. pylori in the gastric mucus layer. In the decline phase of growth bacteria shed flagella, and had precoccoidal or coccoidal morphologies. These findings support the view that helical and coccoidal H. pylori are in different phases of growth with different roles in gastric colonization, indicate that bacterial motility per se is unlikely to be a determinant of H. pylori pathology, and suggest that H. pylori in the antral mucus layer is in a state of continuous (exponential phase) growth.
Optimal distributed LQG state feedback with varying communication delay (2013)

This paper presents an explicit solution to a two player distributed LQG problem in which communication between controllers occurs across a communication link with varying delay. We extend known dynamic programming methods to accommodate this time-varying delay, and show that the resulting optimal controller has a piecewise linear structure, with control actions dictated by the current and next delay regime. By treating the next delay regime as a disturbance in the dynamic programming argument, we then derive the optimal causal controller.
Sidelobe Suppression of a Phased Array Antenna System by Optimizing the Phase Errors of the Antenna (1979)

A new method of peak sidelobe suppression is studied on a phased array antenna system with about 60 array elements. Based on measurements at the input of the array elements the phase error curve is optimized for low sidelobes of the antenna. The results of theoretical and experimental investigations point out the very efficient method applicable even for series production.
Compensating for time-varying input and state delays inherent to image-based control systems (2016)

Image feedback has become a common means to provide feedback to autonomous systems. However, when used in a feedback loop, acquiring and then processing images introduces delays in both the state feedback and the control input. Since the image processing time depends on the complexity of the image/environment, the delays can be time varying. Such effects can destabilize the closed-loop system. A robust control approach is developed in this paper which enables an autonomous system to track a desired trajectory despite the time-varying input and state delays. Lyapunov-based analysis methods are used to prove the tracking error is uniformly ultimately bounded, and simulation results for a camera-to-hand image guided sensorless missile demonstrate the performance of the developed approach.
Ueber die Einwirkung von Acetylchlorid auf halogensubstituirte Thiophene (1886)

au3geschiittelt.Letzterer hinterliess beim Verdunsten eine weisse Masse, von der ich durch liingeres Behandeln mit Wasserdarnpfen die ctwa
High-energy room-temperature Fe2+:ZnS laser (2015)

Characteristics of a room temperature laser on polycrystalline ZnS:Fe2+ subjected to diffuse doping from two sides were investigated. The sample was pumped by a non-chain electrodischarge HF laser with the FWHM duration of the radiation pulse of ~140 ns. The diameter of the pumping radiation spot on the surface of the crystal was 3.8 mm. Further increases in the size of the pumping spot were limited by parasitic generation arising due to a high concentration of Fe ions in the near-surface layer of the sample at a relatively small depth of doping (short length of active medium). The generation energy of 25.5 mJ was obtained at a slope efficiency of 12% with respect to the energy incident on the sample. Characteristics of lasers on polycrystalline ZnS:Fe2+ and ZnSe:Fe2+ have been compared in equal pumping conditions. The slope efficiencies of ZnSe:Fe2+ and ZnS:Fe2+ lasers with respect to the absorbed energy were 34% and 20%, respectively. At equal pumping energy absorbed in the samples, the duration of the ZnSe:Fe2+ laser radiation pulse was longer than that of the ZnS:Fe2+ laser. Possibilities of increasing the efficiency of ZnS:Fe2+ laser operation at room temperature by improving the technology of sample manufacturing and reducing the duration of the pumping pulse are discussed in this letter.
Familiäre pulmonale Zysten und papulöse Hauteffloreszenzen bei einer 37-jährigen Patientin (2013)

A 37-year-old female patient presented with sudden dyspnea and chest pain. Spontaneous pneumothoraces had been observed several times before in this patient and two members of the patient´s family in the last years. Moreover, she exhibited papular facial skin lesions. Radiomorphologically a pneumothorax apical on the left side and basal accentuated cystic lung destruction on both sides could be seen. Pleurodesis and several wedge resections with insertion of a drainage on the left side were performed therapeutically. Histology disclosed multiple cysts, whereby typical differential diagnoses could be excluded by immunohistochemistry. A molecular genetic investigation detected a heterozygous mutation in the gene coding for follikulin (FLCN). Thereby, Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) was diagnosed. BHDS follows autosomal dominant inheritance and is characterized by cystic lung lesions with recurrent pneumothoraces, cutaneous fibrofolliculomas and an increased risk of renal carcinomas. It is based on mutations in the gene coding for the protein FLCN on chromosome 17.
Direct Video-Microscopic Observation of the Dynamic Effects of Medical Ultrasound on Ultrasound Contrast Microspheres (1998)

Higher concentrations of microbubbles, lower ultrasound transmit power settings, and intermittent imaging each can reduce the rate of destruction of microspheres resulting from medical ultrasound insonation.
Decreased Levels of Chaperones in Mucopolysaccharidoses and Their Elevation as a Putative Auxiliary Therapeutic Approach (2023)

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are rare genetic disorders belonging to the lysosomal storage diseases. They are caused by mutations in genes encoding lysosomal enzymes responsible for degrading glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). As a result, GAGs accumulate in lysosomes, leading to impairment of cells, organs and, consequently, the entire body. Many of the therapies proposed thus far require the participation of chaperone proteins, regardless of whether they are therapies in common use (enzyme replacement therapy) or remain in the experimental phase (gene therapy, STOP-codon-readthrough therapy). Chaperones, which include heat shock proteins, are responsible for the correct folding of other proteins to the most energetically favorable conformation. Without their appropriate levels and activities, the correct folding of the lysosomal enzyme, whether supplied from outside or synthesized in the cell, would be impossible. However, the baseline level of nonspecific chaperone proteins in MPS has never been studied. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to determine the basal levels of nonspecific chaperone proteins of the Hsp family in MPS cells and to study the effect of normalizing GAG concentrations on these levels. Results of experiments with fibroblasts taken from patients with MPS types I, II, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, IID, IVA, IVB, VI, VII, and IX, as well as from the brains of MPS I mice (<i>Idua</i><sup>-/-</sup>), indicated significantly reduced levels of the two chaperones, Hsp70 and Hsp40. Interestingly, the reduction in GAG levels in the aforementioned cells did not lead to normalization of the levels of these chaperones but caused only a slight increase in the levels of Hsp40. An additional transcriptomic analysis of MPS cells indicated that the expression of other genes involved in protein folding processes and the cell response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, resulting from the appearance of abnormally folded proteins, was also modulated. To summarize, reduced levels of chaperones may be an additional cause of the low activity or inactivity of lysosomal enzymes in MPS. Moreover, this may point to causes of treatment failure where the correct structure of the enzyme supplied or synthesized in the cell is crucial to lower GAG levels.
<title>Automated optical grading of timber</title> (1991)

Australia grows large quantities of radiata pine for domestic consumption and a significant proportion of this is graded to an Australian Standard Appearance Grade. This paper describes automating the visual inspection of this timber in order to speed processing and improve quality control of the product. The requirement is to detect and identify the visual features on the surface of the timber after the surface has been dressed. These features include sound and encased knots of various sizes pith bark bluestain holes and wane. The image is captured using a linear array CCD camera as the board moves underneath on a conveyor belt. The first stage is to detect the areas that contain features. The image is divided into smaller local areas and first and second order statistical measures are calculated. These form the input to a neural network that has been trained to classify the local areas into clear and feature areas. The choice of measures is crucial to the ability of the neural network to perform the classification of local areas. The second stage is to determine the type of feature in the feature local areas. Various methods are employed to determine a threshold that segments the feature correctly. The size of the feature can be used to identify it uniquely. The list of features and their positions forms the input to the grading program. The grading rules defmed
Atom-transfer addition and annulation reactions of iodomalonates (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAtom-transfer addition and annulation reactions of iodomalonatesDennis P. Curran, Meng Hsin Chen, Eric Spletzer, Churl Min Seong, and Chi Tai ChangCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 24, 8872–8878Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00206a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00206a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2051Altmetric-Citations163LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Resonant Laser Ablation: Threshold Behavior and Semiquantitative Aspects (1994)

Ever since the first report of laser action, it has been recognized that laser ablation (evaporation/volatilization) may provide a useful sampling mechanism for chemical analysis. In particular, laser ablation is rapidly gaining popularity as a method of sample introduction for mass spectrometry. Since its original description, numerous research papers and review articles have appeared on various aspects of laser mass spectrometry. 1,2 While most laser ablation/mass spectrometry has been performed with fixed frequency lasers operating at relatively high intensities/fluences (≥10 8 W/cm 2 , ≥1 J/cm 2 ), there has been some recent interest in the use of tunable lasers to enhance the ionization yield of selected components in an analytical sample. This process has been termed resonant laser ablation (RLA). 3–5 Potential advantages of RLA include: 1) simplification of the mass spectrum, by enhancement of signal from the analyte of interest; 2) improvement of the absolute detection limits by improving the ionization efficiency, and 3) improvement in relative sensitivity by reduction of spurious signal in the detection channel of interest (due to bleed through from adjascent mass channels or from isobaric interferences).
Multiuser Interference Balancing for General Interference Functions - A Convergence Analysis (2007)

We address the problem of maximizing the minimum signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) in a multiuser system. In the context of resource allocation, this is referred to as max-min fairness. Moreover, the balanced SIR margin is an indicator for feasibility, so the problem also plays a fundamental role for the characterization of the SIR achievable region and related regions. In this paper, we propose an iterative solution for max-min SIR balancing under the assumption of convex interference functions. It is proven that the proposed iteration always finds the unique global optimum. Similar results in the beamforming context [1] differ in two respects: Firstly, a much more general interference model is used. Secondly, the results a found by using a different analytical approach, which allows to show convergence directly, without the need of compactness arguments. This way, uniqueness of the optimum can be shown. Finally, we show that Yates' fixed-point iteration [2], which is successfully used in a different context, does generally not converge to the max-min optimum, unless an additional scaling is introduced.
Next Generation Wi-Fi Mesh for Indoor Residential Deployments (2020)

In this paper, we investigate the use of highly directional, hybrid antenna arrays in residential Wi-Fi mesh deployments to further improve their performance in challenging conditions where high wall losses are encountered. We also formulate a metric to quantify the quality of the Wi-Fi coverage, and present a deployment procedure to automatically select extender AP locations to maximise such metric. Using the proposed deployment procedure, the performance of highly directional, hybrid antenna arrays in residential Wi-Fi mesh deployments is evaluated through simulations. Compared with the benchmark of omni-directional antennas, we show that using the proposed array increases the areas achieving peak throughput by more than 3 times.
Enhancing temporal variability of 5-minute satellite-derived solar irradiance data (2022)

Satellite-derived solar irradiance data are known to underestimate temporal variability compared to point measurements because of their pixel-averaging nature. In this study, we apply an algorithm imposing random noise to enhance the temporal variability of 5-minute satellite-derived solar irradiance data. We show that the resulting product, termed as True Dynamics, has clear-sky exceedance events and the frequency of large ramp events closer to observation. In addition, the increase of temporal resolution of irradiance data significantly reduces the underestimation error of power inverter clipping under high DC:AC capacity ratios conditions.
Quality-Controlled Measurement Methods for Quantification of Variations in Transcript Abundance in Whole Blood Samples from Healthy Volunteers (2007)

For control or diseased population groups with variation rates as low as those observed in this control group, 17 individuals per group would be required to detect 1 SD change with 80% power with a 2-sided alpha = 0.05 statistical test for mean differences.