gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of a Two-Kilowatt Magnetically Shielded Hall Thruster (2019)

A 2-kW-class magnetically shielded Hall thruster was developed, and its performance was evaluated. Additionally, the effects of the discharge channel length, thruster body potential, anode dielectric coating, and vacuum facility on its performance were investigated. A low discharge channel erosion rate of the thruster configuration with a normalized channel length of 0.74 was achieved at a 2 kW operation with discharge voltages ranging from 300 to 800 V. Moreover, the thrust performance of the magnetically shielded thruster was comparable to that of the unshielded thruster. At the 2 kW operation, the magnetically shielded thruster achieved a throttling range of the specific impulse from 1680 to 2440 s without a strong discharge current oscillation . The propellant flow density at a discharge voltage of 300 V was sufficiently high to achieve an efficient operation at an input power of 2.1 kW. However, the proper input power to achieve efficient operation at a discharge voltage of 800 V was approximately 4 kW because the propellant flow density at a total input power of 2.1 kW was significantly rarefied. Stable operation was maintained when the input power reduced from 4.2 to 2.1 kW, whereas the thrust efficiency degraded from 0.508 to 0.429.
Electrochemically deposited nanocomposite of chitosan and carbon nanotubes for biosensor application (2005)

A simple and controllable electrodeposition method for the formation of a chitosan-carbon nanotube nanocomposite film on an electrode surface was proposed and further used for the construction of an electrochemical biosensor.
Automatic Learning Path Recommendation for Open Source Projects Using Deep Learning on Knowledge Graphs (2021)

Open source is an important way for developers to collaborate on software development. More and more developers begin contributing to open-source projects. When a developer begins to contribute to an existing open source project, the first thing to do is to read and understand the project code. However, most current open source projects only provide API documentation, not project design documents for new developers. Developers can only understand the code based on scattered comments in the code, which are difficult for new comers. Therefore, developers need to find a learning path, which helps them understand the project and finish their contribution tasks quickly. In order to help developers find the learning path easily and quickly, this paper puts forward a method to automatically recommend learning paths of open source projects. It uses multiple data sources in an open source community to extract knowledge data and build knowledge graphs for open source projects. After that, based on a deep-learning-based knowledge graph embedding model and a path recommendation algorithm, the method recommends proper learning paths for developers. We select three well-known open source projects, including Lua, Memcached and TensorFlow, according to language, scope and community activity, as cases to verify our method, and do comparative experiments between the learning paths found by real developers and recommended by the method. Experiment results show that our method saves developers a lot of time while ensuring the accuracy of the recommended learning path.
Identity-based Encryption Parameter and Policy Lookup (2006)

This document describes a protocol to obtain public parameters and
policy information for an identity-based encryption system.
A novel mechanism of glucocorticosteroid (GC) action in suppression of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity stimulated by Ca2+ ionophore A23187: induction of protein phosphatases. (1991)

The present article deals with the stimulation of membrane PLA2 induced by activated protein kinase C (PKC), and the effect of a deficiency in cellular PKC activity in reducing in PLA2 activity. The mode of glucocorticoid (GC) inhibition action in regulation of PLA2 activity, by enhancement of protein dephosphorylation in general, and PLA2 in particular, is hypothesized and discussed. Indirect evidence strongly suggests that activated PKC enzyme is essential for the stimulation of membrane PLA2 activity induced by the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 and other agonists. Our hypothesis suggests that membrane-associated PKC directly phosphorylates PLA2 leading to its activation. Dephosphorylation of activated PLA2, possibly by a serine/threonine protein phosphatase reduces PLA2 activity. GC could induce membrane protein phosphatases which mediate their inhibitory action on PLA2 activity. This mode of action of GC is complementary to their effect in reducting in elevated [Ca2+]i, which is essential for full expression of PLA2 activity. Thus, GC exhibits multiple actions which specifically culminate in suppression of PLA2 and other phospholipases (PI-PLC and PLD) and generally in cellular inactivation (relaxation) and reduction of allergic and inflammatory responses.
Vaccination with DHA-derived specialized proresolving mediators increases the antibody-mediated immune response against influenza virus (VAC2P.925) (2014)

Abstract Influenza viruses remain a critical global health concern. More efficacious vaccines are needed to protect against influenza virus, yet few adjuvants are approved for routine use. Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) are powerful endogenous bioactive lipid regulators of inflammation, with great clinical translational properties. We previously identified endogenous levels of the SPM resolvin D1, protectin D1 and 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA) in the mouse spleen. Here, we investigated the ability of 17-HDHA to enhance the adaptive immune response using a pre-clinical influenza vaccination mouse model. Our findings revealed that mice immunized with influenza H1N1-derived HA protein plus 17-HDHA increased antigen specific antibody titers. 17-HDHA increased the number of plasma cells and HA-specific antibody-secreting cells in the bone marrow, but it did not affect the frequency of GC B cells or Tfh cells in the draining lymph node. Importantly, the 17-HDHA-mediated increased antibody production was more protective against live pH1N1 influenza virus infection in mice. This is the first report on the immuno-stimulatory effects of omega-3-derived SPMs on the humoral immune response. These findings illustrate a previously unknown biological relation between proresolution signals and the adaptive immune system. In addition, 17-HDHA as well as other immuno-stimulatory SPM have the potential to be used as novel endogenous adjuvants.
A high-performance shot boundary detection algorithm using multiple cues (2002)

A central step in content-based video retrieval is the temporal segmentation of video. An application independent approach to video segmentation is to detect temporally contiguous segments without significant content change between successive frames. Each such segment is termed a shot. A high-performance shot boundary detection-based video segmentation algorithm is proposed. The technique uses unsupervised clustering on a multiple feature input space, followed by a heuristic elimination process to detect, with almost perfect accuracy, shot boundaries in the video. With an extremely high accuracy coupled with a very small number of false positives, this algorithm outperforms most of the existing techniques.
Within-Day Reproducibility of an HPLC−MS-Based Method for Metabonomic Analysis:  Application to Human Urine (2007)

Self-evidently, research in areas supporting "systems biology" such as genomics, proteomics, and metabonomics are critically dependent on the generation of sound analytical data. Metabolic phenotyping using LC-MS-based methods is currently at a relatively early stage of development, and approaches to ensure data quality are still developing. As part of studies on the application of LC-MS in metabonomics, the within-day reproducibility of LC-MS, with both positive and negative electrospray ionization (ESI), has been investigated using a standard "quality control" (QC) sample. The results showed that the first few injections on the system were not representative, and should be discarded, and that reproducibility was critically dependent on signal intensity. On the basis of these findings, an analytical protocol for the metabonomic analysis of human urine has been developed with proposed acceptance criteria based on a step-by-step assessment of the data. Short-term sample stability for human urine was also assessed. Samples were stable for at least 20 h at 4 degrees C in the autosampler while queuing for analysis. Samples stored at either -20 or -80 degrees C for up to 1 month were indistinguishable on subsequent LC-MS analysis. Overall, by careful monitoring of the QC data, it is possible to demonstrate that the "within-day" reproducibility of LC-MS is sufficient to ensure data quality in global metabolic profiling applications.
Abstract PR03: Selective sensitization of mutant K-Ras cancer cells to DNA damage based therapies by targeting wild type H- and N-Ras. (2013)

Abstract Mutations in Kras are highly prevalent in human cancers and are strongly predictive of resistance to chemotherapy. As the constitutive activation of K-Ras has been believed to confer functional autonomy and dominance over the wild type Ras forms, it has been thought that wild type Ras forms are dispensable to the mutant K-Ras driven tumorigenic phenotype. Here we demonstrate a functional dependence of mutant K-Ras driven tumors on wild type Ras for the activation of the DNA damage response, and that this dependence can be exploited to specifically sensitize K-Ras cancers to DNA[[Unable to Display Character: &amp;#8211;]]damage-inducing agents. We show that in mutant K-Ras cancer cells, wild type H-Ras and N-Ras are required for the activation of Chk1, the G2 DNA damage checkpoint, and the cellular response to DNA-damage-inducing chemotherapy. Specifically, we show that targeted depletion of wild type H- and N-Ras in mutant K-Ras cancer cells leads to the hyperactivation of the Erk/p90RSK and PI3K/Akt pathways, and as a consequence, the phosphorylation of Chk1 at an inhibitory site, Ser 280. The resulting inhibition of ATR/Chk1 signaling abrogates the activation of the G2 DNA damage checkpoint, and confers a specific sensitization of mutant K-Ras cancer cells to DNA damage therapeutic agents both in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrate a previously unappreciated role for wild type Ras in the DNA damage response of mutant K-Ras cancer cells and reveal a promising approach for targeting K-Ras-driven tumors. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):PR03. Citation Format: Elda Grabocka, Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta, Eyoel Yemanaberhan, Veronica Lubkov, Laura Taylor, Dafna Bar-Sagi. Selective sensitization of mutant K-Ras cancer cells to DNA damage based therapies by targeting wild type H- and N-Ras. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr PR03.
Plant Nuclei Can Contain Extensive Grooves and Invaginations [W] (2000)

Plant cells can exhibit highly complex nuclear organization. Through dye-labeling experiments in untransformed onion epidermal and tobacco culture cells and through the expression of green fluorescent protein targeted to either the nucleus or the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum/nuclear envelope in these cells, we have visualized deep grooves and invaginations into the large nuclei of these cells. In onion, these structures, which are similar to invaginations seen in some animal cells, form tubular or planelike infoldings of the nuclear envelope. Both grooves and invaginations are stable structures, and both have cytoplasmic cores containing actin bundles that can support cytoplasmic streaming. In dividing tobacco cells, invaginations seem to form during cell division, possibly from strands of the endoplasmic reticulum trapped in the reforming nucleus. The substantial increase in nuclear surface area resulting from these grooves and invaginations, their apparent preference for association with nucleoli, and the presence in them of actin bundles that support vesicle motility suggest that the structures might function both in mRNA export from the nucleus and in protein import from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
Design and evaluation of a high-performance haptic interface (1996)

SUMMARY A haptic interface is a computer-controlled mechanism designed to detect motion of a human operator without impeding that motion, and to feed back forces from a teleoperated robot or virtual environment. Design of such a device is not trivial, because of the many conflicting constraints the designer must face. As part of our research into haptics, we have developed a prototype planar mechanism. It has low apparent mass and damping, high structural stiffness, high force bandwidth, high force dynamic range, and an absence of mechanical singularities within its workspace. We present an analysis of the human-operator and mechanical constraints that apply to any such device, and propose methods for the evaluation of haptic interfaces. Our evaluation criteria are derived from the original task analysis, and are a first step towards a replicable methodology for comparing the performance of different devices.
Demonstration (2007)

Evacuation or sheltering of neighborhoods, cities, or regions is a major component of responding to any natural or other disaster. Poorly chosen and uncoordinated destinations can quickly overwhelm shelter capacities. Insufficient knowledge and decision processes may also lead to mismatches between evacuee needs and shelter capabilites, such as advanced medical units. Unfortunately, the intuitive and easy response of moving evacuees to the closest refuges can easily lead to this situation. This work attempts to address this problem by developing tools and techniques to help emergency personnel create a shared and accurate understanding of the situation, make the best decisions for the group, and effectively conduct disaster evacuations.
The Inordinate Activities of Boko Haram: a Critical Review of Facts and Challenges (2017)

The insecurity caused by Boko Haram’s insurgency is among the primary challenges faced by Nigeria. The group’s activities in the North have resulted in thousands of casualties, the displacement of more than one million people, the destruction of hundreds of schools, mosques, churches and government establishments and have ravaged the economy of the region. The nefarious actions of the sect even undermine the existence of the country as a single sovereign political territory. In fact, the group’s appalling operations made it the deadliest terrorist organization worldwide in 2015. The dynamics, sophistication and boldness of the sect’s actions have raised fundamental questions about national security and governance. In March 2015 the faction, through its leader Abubakar Shekau pledged allegiance to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and further declared that territories under its control belong to the Islamic State and will be governed under orthodox Islamic Sharia law. The authors contend that economic deprivation and want, poverty, illiteracy, inequality and corruption are among the principal factors propelling Boko Haram’s violent rampage across northern Nigeria. This study investigates the activities of the sect, whilst underscoring the need for a permanent solution to terrorism and insurgency in.
LightFlow: Speeding up GPU-based flow switching and facilitating maintenance of flow table (2012)

Flow-based switching is increasingly important in accordance with the growing demand for in-network processing for cloud applications. Flow switching performance tends to be degraded in proportion to the number of flow entries. To reduce the number of flow entries, they can be aggregated by applying wildcard fields. Meanwhile, the existence of the wildcard entry adversely affects the use of a hash-based lookup on a flow table, and thus a linear search is inherent in flow switching. However, the linear search is currently the primary cause of performance limitation. To date, two flow tables, one for hash-based lookup and the other for a wildcard-enabled linear search, have been used for flow switching. While hash-based table lookup is much faster than linear search, it needs to be manually updated for every exact match entry. Maintaining a hash-based table of all the flow switches is not feasible from a network operator viewpoint. In this paper, LightFlow, a mechanism to accelerate software flow switching processing and relieve the burden of maintaining the flow table is proposed. In LightFlow, two-dimensional parallelization of a linear search is introduced to accelerate lookup of the wildcard-enabled flow entries. It also introduces a mechanism that allows updating of the hash table to be performed automatically based on the result of wildcard-aware table lookup. LightFlow satisfies both the need for fast table lookup and feasibility of flow table management which needs to allow a large number of wildcard entries. Experimental results show that LightFlow can increase the speed of lookup of a wildcard-aware flow table three-fold or more compared to the current GPU-based wildcard search mechanisms.
Efficacy of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death 1 ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors in patients with FGFR mutations and gene fusions: Results from a data analysis of an ongoing phase 2 study of erdafitinib (JNJ-42756493) in patients (pts) with advanced urothelial cancer (UC). (2018)

450 Background: FGFR3 mutations appear to be enriched in luminal 1 UC, which have low expression of markers associated with an immune response, including CD8-T-effector gene expression levels. Objective response rate (ORR) to PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in luminal 1 tumors appear lower (10-19%) than in infiltrated luminal 2 and basal 3 tumors (ORR 31-34%). This suggests FGFR3 mutations occur within a group of tumors less likely to benefit from immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). Here we describe outcomes of a subgroup of pts with FGFR2/3 mutations and gene fusions, previously treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and included in an ongoing erdafitinib phase 2 study. Methods: Patients who had received prior immunotherapy for advanced UC were selected from those enrolled on BLC2001, an ongoing phase 2, open-label study of the pan-FGFR inhibitor erdafitinib in subjects with advanced UC with specific FGFR2/3 gene alterations (NCT02365597). We explored investigator-reported clinical outcomes including ORR and median time to progression (TTP) of pts treated with ICI preceding erdafitinib therapy. Results: 28/203 pts had previously received anti PD-1 or anti PD-L1 treatment. In this subgroup, the median age was 67.0 y; 82% were male, 79% had an ECOG score ≤1, 36% had liver metastases, and 93% had ≥2 prior lines of systemic therapy. The response rate to anti PD-1/PD-L1 agents was 3.6% (95% CI, 0.1%-18.3%) with one partial response. Median TTP was 3.4 mo (range 2-15 mo; 95% CI, 2.3-4.9). Conclusions: In this post-hoc analysis, FGFR mutations and gene fusions seem to select for a group of pts less likely to respond to immune checkpoint inhibition. Although caution is needed due to the retrospective nature of the data, the presence of these alterations may reflect an unmet need with currently approved agents. This finding highlights the need for FGFR alteration testing and an effective FGFR-targeted therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT02365597.
All-organic solution-processed two-terminal transistors fabricated using the photoinduced p-channels (2009)

All-organic solution-processed two-terminal transistors were fabricated by replacing the “field-induced p-channel” of an organic field-effect transistor with a “photoinduced p-channel.” A simple device structure—containing solution-processed 2,6-di(naphthalene-2-yl)-9,10-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)anthracene single crystals as the active layer (on a plastic substrate) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) as source and drain electrodes—enabled high-performance photosensor (and even transistor) behavior, showing pseudo-output and transfer curves with an on/off ratio of 5×102. We explain this photogenerated p-channel effect using Helfrich’s theory, which describes the photodetrapping behavior of a space-charge-limited current under illumination.
Multi-channel magnetic transmission interface for 3D contactless connection (2015)

Multi-channel magnetic transmission interface consists of a MTJ array and intertwined micro-coils for near field data transmission is first-time proposed and demonstrated. This approach provides a possible new direction for high density contactless connection for 3D IC applications.
Multiple-Instance Learning Algorithms for Computer-Aided Detection (2008)

Many computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) problems can be best modelled as a multiple-instance learning (MIL) problem with unbalanced data, i.e., the training data typically consists of a few positive bags, and a very large number of negative instances. Existing MIL algorithms are much too computationally expensive for these datasets. We describe CH, a framework for learning a Convex Hull representation of multiple instances that is significantly faster than existing MIL algorithms. Our CH framework applies to any standard hyperplane-based learning algorithm, and for some algorithms, is guaranteed to find the global optimal solution. Experimental studies on two different CAD applications further demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly improves diagnostic accuracy when compared to both MIL and traditional classifiers. Although not designed for standard MIL problems (which have both positive and negative bags and relatively balanced datasets), comparisons against other MIL methods on benchmark problems also indicate that the proposed method is competitive with the state-of-the-art.
Sphingomyelin consumption suppresses aberrant colonic crypt foci and increases the proportion of adenomas versus adenocarcinomas in CF1 mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine: implications for dietary sphingolipids and colon carcinogenesis. (1996)

Sphingolipids are hydrolyzed in the gastrointestinal tract to ceramide, sphingosine, and other metabolites that can modulate cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. To characterize the effects of dietary sphingolipids on colon carcinogenesis, female CF1 mice were administered 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and then fed an essentially sphingolipid-free diet supplemented with 0 to 0.1% (w/w) sphingomyelin (SM) purified from milk. As was found in a previous pilot study (D. L. Dillehay et al., J. Nutr., 124: 615-620, 1994), SM (@ 0.1%) reduced the number of aberrant colonic crypt foci (by 70%, P < 0.001) and aberrant crypts per focus (by 30%, P < 0.003), which are early indicators of colon carcinogenesis. In longer term studies, SM had no effect on colon tumor incidence or multiplicity; however, up to 31% of the tumors of mice fed SM were adenomas, whereas all of the tumors of mice fed the diet without SM were adenocarcinomas. These findings demonstrate that milk SM suppresses the appearance of more advanced, malignant tumors as well as early markers of colon carcinogenesis. Although the sphingolipid content of foods has not been widely studied, several foods (e.g., milk and soybeans) contain the sphingolipid levels used in these investigations; therefore, this class of compounds could be significant contributors to the cancer preventive effects of some foods.