gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Navigation-Based Traffic Signal Control in Intelligent Transportation Systems (2018)

In smart cities, with large numbers of vehicles on roads, including autonomous and manned ones, congestion is still a significant issue and hence smart traffic signal control is indispensable. Nowadays, navigation apps have become increasingly popular and path information is widely available. Due to the development of various vehicular communication technologies, V2X communications become increasingly stable and efficient. Accurate knowledge of traffic flow is key to effective traffic signal control. Most of the existing adaptive strategies rely on video cameras, radars, or other wireless sensors, which involve a huge investment for measuring or estimating real-time flow. In this paper, based on V2I communications, we propose to make use of navigation information of vehicles to obtain real-time traffic flow around each intersection, thus achieving effective traffic signal control. In undersaturated and oversaturated traffic conditions, we analyze the performance of navigation- based strategy to control traffic signal, study how to obtain optimal cycle duration and compare it with the even-distributed fixed-time strategy. Our results can also provide significant insights on other strategies. We conduct extensive simulations to validate our analysis and evaluate the performance of the navigation-based strategy. The results show that the navigation-based strategy is effective and practical, and can further relieve congestion compared with the even-distributed fixed-time strategy.
Ondansetron or Metoclopramide in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy (1995)

Department of Anesthesiology, Alfred L. duPont Institute of the Nemours Foundation, 1600 Rockland Road, P. O. Box 269, Wilmington, Delaware 19899.To the Editor:—Furst and Rodarte [1] recently reported that 0.15 mg/kg intravenous ondansetron is highly effective in reducing post-tonsillectomy vomiting in children and that droperidol and metoclopramide are not effective. These data are significant because droperidol and metoclopramide have been reported to be effective prophylactic antiemetics in children. [2,3] However, contrary to the authors' introductory statement that “no studies to date have examined the use of ondansetron in children for the prevention of postoperative emesis,” numerous clinical investigations and abstracts on this subject are published. [4–7] In one of these reports, 0.15 mg/kg intravenous ondansetron is reported to decrease vomiting after tonsillectomy in children from 73%(of the placebo group) to 23%(of the ondansetron group). [4].In addition, we question a premise of their experimental design. Specifically, the authors state that the dose of metoclopramide used in their study (0.5 mg/kg intravenously) was “selected from the literature” and has been shown effective in preventing postoperative emesis in children at high risk for this complication. However, in none of the references to this claim has the use of this dose of metoclopramide been studied in healthy children undergoing surgery. The authors attempt to further justify this relatively large dose of metoclopramide by stating that doses as large as 3 mg/kg intravenously are used for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced vomiting. [8] The authors fail to mention that this dose of metoclopramide (3 mg/kg intravenously) was part of an antiemetic regimen that included 25–50 mg intravenous diphenhydramine, decadron, and lorazepam. In another article coauthored by Furst and Rodarte, they state a reluctance to use more than 0.25 mg/kg metoclopramide because of the potential for extrapyramidal side effects. [9] Has the safety and efficacy of 0.5 mg/kg intravenous metoclopramide in children during the perioperative period been established? If not, were parents of subjects in this study apprised of the experimental nature of this dose of metoclopramide?John B. Rose, M.D., Thalia M. Martin, M.D., Department of Anesthesiology, Alfred L. duPont Institute of the Nemours Foundation, 1600 Rockland Road, P. O. Box 269, Wilmington, Delaware 19899.(Accepted for publication February 10, 1995.)
Electric-field-driven microfluidics for rapid CRISPR-based diagnostics and its application to detection of SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

Abstract The rapid spread of COVID-19 across the world has revealed major gaps in our ability to respond to new virulent pathogens. Rapid, accurate, and easily configurable molecular diagnostic tests are imperative to prevent global spread of new diseases. CRISPR-based diagnostic approaches are proving to be useful as field-deployable solutions. In a basic form of this assay, the CRISPR-Cas12 enzyme complexes with a synthetic guide RNA (gRNA). This complex is activated when it highly specifically binds to target DNA, and the activated complex non-specifically cleaves single-stranded DNA reporter probes labeled with a fluorophore-quencher pair. We recently discovered that electric field gradients can be used to control and accelerate this CRISPR assay by co-focusing Cas12-gRNA, reporters, and target. We achieve an appropriate electric field gradient using a selective ionic focusing technique known as isotachophoresis (ITP) implemented on a microfluidic chip. Unlike previous CRISPR diagnostic assays, we also use ITP for automated purification of target RNA from raw nasopharyngeal swab sample. We here combine this ITP purification with loop-mediated isothermal amplification, and the ITP-enhanced CRISPR assay to achieve detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA (from raw sample to result) in 30 min for both contrived and clinical nasopharyngeal swab samples. This electric field control enables a new modality for a suite of microfluidic CRISPR-based diagnostic assays. Significance statement Rapid, early-stage screening is especially crucial during pandemics for early identification of infected patients and control of disease spread. CRISPR biology offers new methods for rapid and accurate pathogen detection. Despite their versatility and specificity, existing CRISPR-diagnostic methods suffer from the requirements of up-front nucleic acid extraction, large reagent volumes, and several manual steps—factors which prolong the process and impede use in low resource settings. We here combine on-chip electric-field control in combination with CRIPSR biology to directly address these limitations of current CRISPR-diagnostic methods. We apply our method to the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in clinical samples. Our method takes 30 min from raw sample to result, a significant improvement over existing diagnostic methods for COVID-19.
The Japanese Biochemical Society and its international activities (2006)

by Samuro Kakiuchi, then Professor of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, at the University of Tokyo (Fig. 1).Its membership has constantly increased, and presently amounts to about 11,000 including 79 honorary foreign members and about 1,800 graduate students.The major activities of the JBS are the organization of meetings, publication, advice to the Science Council of Japan (SCJ), and international cooperation.Among the meetings which the JBS organizes, the largest is its annual general meeting.At the 2005 annual meeting in Kobe, about 5,000 members gathered, and more than 2,200 papers were presented, orally or as posters.The General Assembly of the Society is held on this occasion.In addition to the annual general meeting, several regional meetings are organized under the auspices of the JBS, which also organizes and/or supports symposia on subjects of wide interest.Publication is another important activity of the JBS.
Magnetocaloric Properties of a Charge Ordered Pr₀.₄₈Sr₀.₅₂MnO₃ Perovskite Near First and Second Order Magnetic Transition (2023)

Polycrystalline Pr0.48Sr0.52MnO3 forms a tetragonal structure belonging to the I4/mcm space group. X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed Mn3d level splitting with a higher density of state in <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$e_{g}\downarrow $ </tex-math></inline-formula> . The temperature-dependent electrical resistivity plot indicates metal-to-insulator transition ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{\mathrm {MI}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) at 224 K at 0 T. Additionally, at lower temperatures, a distinct thermal hysteresis during heating and cooling cycles between 0 and 2 T fields specifies a first-order (FOPT) magnetic phase transition. The temperature-dependent magnetization plot shows a second-order (SOPT) paramagnetic (PM) to ferromagnetic (FM) transition phase transition at 226 K (= <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) followed by FM to antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition with distinct thermal hysteresis evidence of FOPT at 152.5 K (= <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ). The maximum isothermal entropy change ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta S_{M}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) estimated using Maxwell’s model near SOPT is −3.67 J/kg K at 8 T. Moreover, near FOPT the maximum <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta S_{M}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of value +4.29 J/kg K at <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 4 T is determined, which thereafter remained constant up to 8 T magnetic field. The <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta S_{M}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> value at a lower magnetic field is also computed using the phenomenological model. Landau’s theory suitably explains the magnetocaloric (MCE) of Pr0.48Sr0.52MnO3 near SOPT in agreement with the value obtained using Maxwell’s relation.
Experiments on peeling adhesive tapes from human forearms (2004)

The results improve understanding of the factors affecting the peel force, which has been correlated previously with trauma caused by peeling adhesive tape from skin.
Hot Salt Corrosion of titanium aluminides (1997)

Abstract There is considerable interest in the use of γ‐TiAl within advanced gas turbines where they offer greater high temperature capability over conventional titanium at reduced weight. These factors would enable engines with greater thrust to weight ratio to be developed. Thus γ‐TiAl offers the potential of replacing nickel based alloys within the high pressure compressor and potentially the fourth stage turbine. Service in both of these locations would require that the γ‐TiAl be resistant, not only to oxidation, but hot salt corrosion. This paper presents a study of the hot salt corrosion resistance of γ‐TiAl over the temperature range 500–700°C. At 700°C, laboratory tests have shown that corrosion rates in a salt ladened environment are some 20X that of equivalent oxidation for exposures out to 100 h. The morphology of attack is consistent with a corrosion mechanism involving the vapour phase transport of aluminium from within the alloy and formation of a non protective oxide scale. A model for the corrosion mechanisms is presented, involving intermediate chloride phases. The mechanism is believed to be self sustaining, requires little chloride present, and leads to the observed accelerated oxidation rates.
Production of unipolar air with radium isotopes (1954)

A general survey of recent development work on the sources of unipolar air using alpha-emitting radioactive materials is presented. A new device, which operates at relatively high air speeds of about 450 feet per minute, provides an air output containing only positive or only negative ions. The method of controlling the density of this unipolar output also is discussed.
INTREPId (INTermediate Risk Erection PreservatIon Trial): A randomized trial of radiation therapy and darolutamide for prostate cancer. (2020)

TPS384 Background: Men with intermediate risk prostate cancer are often recommended external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with or without 4-6 months of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). However, ADT can be associated with prolonged erectile dysfunction due to delayed testosterone recovery. Darolutamide is a second-generation androgen receptor with low blood-brain barrier penetration. We hypothesize that men who receive Darolutamide with RT rather than ADT with RT are able to achieve surrogate PSA endpoints indicative of long-term disease control while preserving erectile function. Methods: This is an open label, phase 2B, multi-center, randomized controlled trial. Eligibility criteria include intermediate risk prostate cancer, good erectile quality per the EPIC-26 questionnaire, and archival tissue suitable for submission to Decipher Biosciences (San Diego, CA). Men will be stratified by Decipher score (low/intermediate vs high), RT modality (EBRT vs Brachytherapy/stereotactic body radiation therapy/combination RT), and age (&gt;65 vs &lt;65). Men with a Decipher high score will be strongly encouraged to undergo extreme RT dose-escalation. The primary endpoint is PSA nadir ≤ 0.5 within 6 months from end of treatment (EOT). The hierarchical endpoint is maintenance of good erectile quality at 3 months from EOT. The key secondary endpoint is interval to PSA failure at 3 years from EOT. Endpoints will be analyzed in a fixed-sequence hierarchical method. 220 patients will be accrued over 3 years. Non-inferiority margins for the primary and key secondary endpoints are 9% (90% power) and 4.9% (80% power), respectively. Men will be randomized to 6 months of GnRH agonist plus bicalutamide 50 mg daily with RT or 6 months of darolutamide 600 mg twice daily with RT. Assessments will occur at baseline, during treatment, EOT, and at regularly scheduled intervals up to 36 months from EOT. Correlative endpoints include discovering transcriptomic and radiomic predictors of response. Clinical trial information: NCT04025372.
Increased Renal Perfusion and Kidney Size in Convalescent Burn Patients (1980)

Renal blood flow was elevated in convalescent burn patients shortly before discharge (992 +/- 112 mL/min/sq m in burn patients vs 551 +/- 37 mL/min/sq m in normal subjects; mean +/- SE). Autopsy studies demonstrated that renal enlargement was a constant feature of patients after a prolonged hospital course; the kidneys of 28 patients who died after 60 days of hospitalization weighed 241 +/- 10 g vs 153 +/- 8 g in control subjects. The increase in renal weight was primarily related to cellular hypertrophy and hyperplasia. These physiological and morphological findings in thermally injured patients may be a form of renal work hypertrophy following increased protein catabolism accompanying severe injury.
Coaxial laser triangulation for height monitoring in laser metal deposition (2018)

The control of the height parameter plays a crucial role in the laser metal deposition (LMD) process. A mismatch between the deposition height increment and the process growth rate can generate geometrical inaccuracies as well as collisions. The paper presents a method based on triangulation for monitoring in-line the height on a LMD system composed of a coaxial deposition head, an anthropomorphic robot and a fiber laser. The measurement device is implemented within the deposition head, with a probe laser beam that is launched coaxially through the nozzle and focused directly on the melt pool at different positions depending on the standoff distance. The position of the probe spot is acquired through a coaxial camera and converted in relative height values. The system is demonstrated for the distance measurement over a range of some millimeters during the deposition of AISI 316L stainless steel. This method allows for high flexibility being independent on the deposition direction.
Gallium-containing conducting metallopolymers which display chemically tunable reactivity for the growth of Ga2S3 semiconducting nanoparticles (2010)

Electropolymerization of novel gallium Schiff-base complexes results in conducting metallopolymers containing either coordinatively saturated or unsaturated gallium metal centers. Depending on the chemical coordination of the metal centers, the embedded metal ions can act as seed points for the direct growth of size-controlled gallium sulfide nanoparticles in a conducting polymer, yielding a hybrid electronic material.
Recommended Guidelines for the Treatment of Cancer Treatment-Induced Diarrhea (2004)

With vigilant monitoring and aggressive therapy for cancer treatment-induced diarrhea, particularly in patients with early warning signs of severe complications, morbidity and mortality may be reduced.
Formulation of an Environmentally Friendly Adhesive for Wood (2008)

Abstract Summary: Malaysia has over 4 million hectares of oil palm plantations that yield large amounts of empty fruit bunches (EFB) generated from palm oil milling operations. These forms of lignocellulosic residue pose an environmental hazard if their disposal is not managed in a systematic manner. One of the useful elements extracted from these EFBs is lignin. The general purpose of this study is to explore the potential uses of lignin extracted from soda black liquor (paper and pulping waste) derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) in the formulation of a more environmentally friendly wood adhesive. In this work, the potential for replacing phenol with lignin in phenol formaldehyde resin formulation is examined. The quantity of phenol was reduced by synthesizing the resin at a lignin to phenol ratio of 1:1. The physical and chemical properties of lignin phenol formaldehyde resin (LPF) and commercial phenol formaldehyde resin (CPF) were then compared. The infrared spectrum revealed similarities in the functional groups of both LPF and CPF resins. Tensile strength comparisons between both resins revealed that the LPF resin had a higher bonding strength (11.60 MPa more in term of allowable maximum load). In addition, the kinematics viscosity test showed that the LPF resin had lower kinematic viscosity than the CPF resin after 21 days of storage. Finally, the scanning electron microscope images for both resins showed similarities in terms of penetration into wood vessels.
Constructing the Exact Voronoi Diagram of Arbitrary Lines in Space (2010)

We introduce a new, efficient, and complete algorithm, and its exact implementation, to compute the Voronoi diagram of lines in space. This is a major milestone towards the robust construction of the Voronoi diagram of polyhedra. As we follow the exact geometric-computation paradigm, it is guaranteed that we always compute the mathematically correct result. The algorithm is complete in the sense that it can handle all configurations, in particular all degenerate ones. The algorithm requires $O(n^{3+\varepsilon})$ time and space, where $n$ is the number of lines. The Voronoi diagram is represented by a data structure that permits answering point-location queries in $O(\log^2 n)$ expected time. The implementation employs the CGAL packages for constructing arrangements and lower envelopes on parametric surfaces together with advanced algebraic tools. Supplementary material and in particular the prototypical code of our implementation can be found in the website: http://acg.cs.tau.ac.il/projects/internal-projects/3d-lines-vor/project-page.
Errata: Interictal Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Changes in Patients With Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures (2014)

An error appeared in the article titled “Interictal Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Changes in Patients With Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures” by Mahmoud M. Ramadan, Nader El-Shahat, Ashraf A. Omar, Mohamed Gomaa, Tamer Belal, Sherif A. Sakr, Mohammad Abu-Hegazy, Hazem Hakim, Heba A. Selim, Sabry Omar (Vol. 54, No. 3, 171-175, 2013).The name of the last author on page 171 and the back cover should be “Sabry Omar” and not “Sabry A. Omar”.
A New Polymeric Triarylamine and Its Use as a Charge Transport Layer for Polymeric LEDs (1996)

A new hole injecting polymer for an electroluminescent element was prepared by radical polymerization of a methacrylate monomer that contains an N‘-biphenyl-N,N-diphenylamine unit as a pendent side chain. Cyclic voltammetry of the polymer coated on an ITO electrode shows a chemically irreversible oxidation at 1.2 V. Subsequent cycles reveal that the newly formed species is electrochemically stable. The polymer was used as both an electroluminescent layer and a hole injection layer in single- and double-layered devices, respectively. The double-layered device using ITO as the anode, Al as the cathode, and poly[methyl(2-(1-pyrenyl)ethyl)siloxane] as the electroluminescent layer gave bright blue-green light with a maximum brightness level of 168 cd/m2 and an internal quantum efficiency of 0.20%.
ChemInform Abstract: Combinatorial Fluorescent Molecular Sensors: The Road to Differential Sensing at the Molecular Level (2014)

Abstract Review: [39 refs.
Prediction of Student Achievement through Teacher's Professional Characteristics by using Artificial Intelligence (2022)

Teacher characteristics are important for teaching learning and are important predictors of students’ achievement. The present study aims to predict students’ academic achievement criteria on teachers’ characteristics with the help of artificial intelligence (AI). The data were collected from 100students from one of the universities in Lahore, Pakistan, through a questionnaire comprising of teachers’ characteristics effective for teaching, against a 4-point scale varying from strongly agree to strongly disagree to the find extant of the existence of certain characteristics in the teachers. The analysis was done to predict the student grade based on teacher characteristics in the class with the help of artificial intelligence. Two machine learning models were built, and their accuracy was compared. Thek-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) models were built. The accuracies of the KNN and MLR were 83 Percent and 91 Percent, respectively. This work concluded that the MLR model could be effectively used to predict student performance.
Comparative Evaluation of Genetic Toxicity Patterns of Carcinogens and Noncarcinogens: Strategies for Predictive Use of Short-Term Assays (1987)

The results of a recent comprehensive evaluation of the relationship between four measures of in vitro genetic toxicity and the capacity of the chemicals to induce neoplasia in rodents carry some important implications. The results showed that while the Salmonella mutagenesis assay detected only about half of the carcinogens as mutagens, the other three in vitro assays (mutagenesis in MOLY cells or induction of aberrations or SCEs in CHO cells) did not complement Salmonella since they failed to effectively discriminate between the carcinogens and noncarcinogens found negative in the Salmonella assay. The specificity of the Salmonella assay for this group of 73 chemicals was relatively high (only 4 of 29 noncarcinogens were positive). Therefore, we have begun to evaluate in vivo genetic toxicity assays for their ability to complement Salmonella in the identification of carcinogens.