gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduced-confinement antennas for GaAlAs integrated optical waveguides (1990)

Monolithically integrated reduced-confinement antennas are shown to produce reductions of &amp;gt;35% in the far-field beam divergence for radiation emitted from single-mode GaAlAs slab waveguides, yielding far-field beams as narrow as 8.2° FWHM along the direction perpendicular to the wafer surface. Reduced confinement of the guided mode near the output endface is achieved using a novel molecular beam epitaxy growth technique to produce a longitudinal variation in the refractive index and thickness of the waveguide film. Unlike present horn antennas, the reduced-confinement geometry has the distinct advantage of being compatible with two-dimensional antenna development.
Phosphorus-nitrogen ring systems and high polymers. Alkylation of cyclic and high polymeric phosphazenes via reactions between aluminum alkyls and aminophosphazenes (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhosphorus-nitrogen ring systems and high polymers. Alkylation of cyclic and high polymeric phosphazenes via reactions between aluminum alkyls and aminophosphazenesHarry R. Allcock, James L. Desorcie, and J. Steven RuttCite this: Organometallics 1988, 7, 3, 612–619Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00093a006https://doi.org/10.1021/om00093a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
State-Space Frequency-Domain Adaptive Filtering for Nonlinear Acoustic Echo Cancellation (2012)

In this paper, we address adaptive acoustic echo cancellation in the presence of an unknown memoryless nonlinearity preceding the echo path. We approach the problem by considering a basis-generic expansion of the memoryless nonlinearity. By absorbing the coefficients of the nonlinear expansion into the unknown echo path, the cascade observation model is transformed into an equivalent multichannel structure, which we further augment with a multichannel first-order Markov model. For the resulting multichannel state-space model, we then derive a recursive Bayesian estimator that takes the form of an adaptive Kalman algorithm in the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) domain. We show that such a recursive estimator can be realized via a stable and structurally efficient multichannel state-space frequency-domain adaptive filter. We demonstrate that our algorithm, which stems from a contained framework, provides effective nonlinear echo cancellation in the presence of continuous double-talk, varying degree of nonlinear distortion, and changes in the echo path.
Nutrition of the Intervertebral Disk (1977)

The main mechanism for solute transport within the intervertebral disk is passive diffusion. The 2 routes for the exchange of solutes with the blood vessels outside the disk are via the periphery of the annulus, and through the end-plates. While the periphery of the annulus is completely permeable, the bone--disk interface is only partially so. In the region of the nucleus the effective area through which solute transport is taking place constitutes some 85% of the actual bone/disk interface; in the region of the inner annulus it is reduced to only 35% while the bone--disk interface at the outer annulus is almost completely impermeable. These figures, calculated from tracer diffusion experiments correlate very well with the qualitative observations of blood vessel contact. Apart from its dependence on the permeability of the endplate, solute diffusion is also determined by the nature of the solute. For example, a negatively charged solute such as the sulphate ion is considerably excluded from the nucleus, which limits its rate of penetration via the endplates. The sulphate uptake by the disk cells to produce glycosaminoglycans is low and comparable to that in articular cartilage.
Acoustic scattering from a fluid-loaded elastic plate with a distributed mass inhomogeneity (1994)

The scattering of a plane acoustic wave by a fluid-loaded, thin, elastic plate, of infinite extent, with a distributed inhomogeneity is investigated by solving the equation of motion in the wave-number domain using the hybrid numerical analytical approach [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 95, 1998–2005 (1994)]. The presence of the distributed inhomogeneity in the equation of motion, when expressed in the wave-number domain, results in a Fredholm integral equation of the third kind. By substituting for the product of the response and the plate characteristic equation, the Fredholm integral of the third kind is reduced to a Fredholm integral of the second kind. The plate response in the wave-number domain is obtained from the solution of the Fredholm integral. Inverse Fourier transforming the wave-number domain response function gives the spatial domain solution for the response. The hybrid approach is used to perform the inverse Fourier transform. The scattered pressure is obtained in a similar manner. Response and scattered pressure results for distributed mass inhomogeneities, with different distribution functions, are presented and compared to the results for a line inhomogeneity. [Work sponsored by ONR.]
A MinMaxCut Spectral Method for Data Clustering and Graph Partitioning (2003)

The goal of data clustering can be formally stated as a min-max clustering principle: data points are grouped into clusters such that (a) between-cluster similarities are minimized while (b) within-cluster similarities are maximized. Existing methods typically focus on one of the above requirements. Here we propose a new method that emphasizes both requirements simultaneously. The MinMaxCut method uses pairwise similarities between all data objects. Viewing them as the adjacency matrix of a weighted graph, MinMaxCut is a graph partitioning method. An important feature is that the continuous solution of the cluster membership indicator vector is the eigenvector of the generalized graph Laplacian matrix; this simplifies the optimization of the min-max clustering objective function. We provide a comprehensive analysis of this principled clustering method; a systematic evaluation on clustering experiments on Internet newsgroups indicates that MinMaxCut outperforms other current popular partitioning/clustering methods.
Low-temperature micromachined cMUTs with fully-integrated analogue front-end electronics (2003)

The powerful combination of silicon micromachining and integrated-circuit (IC) technology will lead to the realisation of fully-integrated Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer (cMUT) arrays plus signal conditioning electronics on the same substrate. For imaging applications, this functionality permits low-parasitic connectivity to individual elements within dense 2D arrays. This is vital for cMUT devices, in terms of maximising signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), sensitivity and bandwidth, but critically for arrays in achieving high yield and manufacturability, and ultimately low cost. This paper presents the successful demonstration of this level of integration using "post-processing" microfabrication techniques, which allow the independent optimisation of both cMUT and electronics performance. The approach to optimisation of the design and fabrication, of both cMUT and electronics, will be presented including measured and simulated results for fully integrated cMUT devices with their associated analogue front-end amplifiers.
SegVoxelNet: Exploring Semantic Context and Depth-aware Features for 3D Vehicle Detection from Point Cloud (2020)

3D vehicle detection based on point cloud is a challenging task in real-world applications such as autonomous driving. Despite significant progress has been made, we observe two aspects to be further improved. First, the semantic context information in LiDAR is seldom explored in previous works, which may help identify ambiguous vehicles. Second, the distribution of point cloud on vehicles varies continuously with increasing depths, which may not be well modeled by a single model. In this work, we propose a unified model SegVoxelNet to address the above two problems. A semantic context encoder is proposed to leverage the free-of-charge semantic segmentation masks in the bird's eye view. Suspicious regions could be highlighted while noisy regions are suppressed by this module. To better deal with vehicles at different depths, a novel depth-aware head is designed to explicitly model the distribution differences and each part of the depth-aware head is made to focus on its own target detection range. Extensive experiments on the KITTI dataset show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art alternatives in both accuracy and efficiency with point cloud as input only.
Recent developments in multi-layer flat knitting technology for waste free production of complex shaped 3D-reinforcing structures for composites (2016)

Constantly increasing prices for raw materials and energy as well as the current discourse on the reduction of CO2-emissions places a special emphasis on the advantages of lightweight constructions and its resource conserving production methods. Fibre-reinforced composites are already seeing a number of applications in automobile, energy and mechanical engineering. Future applications within the named areas require greater material and energy efficiency and therefore manufacturing methods for textile preforms and lightweight constructions enabling an optimal arrangement of the reinforcing fibres while in the same time limiting waste to a minimum. One manufacturing method for textile reinforced preforms fulfilling quite many of the named requirements is the multilayer weft knitting technology. Multilayer weft knitted fabrics containing straight reinforcing yarns at least in two directions. The arrangement of these yarns is fixed by the loop yarn. Used yarn material in each knitting row is adaptable e. g. according to the load requirements or for the local integration of sensors. Draping properties of these fabrics can be varied within a great range and through this enabling draping of very complex shaped 3D-preforms without wrinkles from just one uncut fabric. The latest developments at ITM are concentrating on the development of a full production chain considering the 3D-CAD geometry, the load analysis, the generation of machine control programs as well as the development of technology and machines to enable the manufacturing of innovative net shape 3D-multilayer weft knitted fabrics such as complex shaped spacer fabrics and tubular fabrics with biaxial reinforcement.
A Labile and Catalytically Active Imidazol‐2‐yl Fragment System (2010)

Gehe von I nach III …︁ Die Deprotonierung der N-H-Gruppe in I mit nBuLi/[D8]THF ergibt ein hoch reaktives {(thf)2LiCl}-Addukt II einer Imidazol-2-yl-Spezies. Die Spezies II und IV heterolysieren H2 glatt unter Bildung von III; bei der Erzeugung von III aus II wirkt iPrOH als Wasserstoffquelle. Chemische Verschiebungen in den 15N-NMR-Spektren geben Aufschluss über die Bindungsverhältnisse in den Heterocyclen. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Model predictive control of nonlinear hybrid system based on neural network optimization (2009)

This paper presents Model predictive control (MPC) of nonlinear hybrid system based on neural network (NN) optimization. Multiple model method is used to modeling of nonlinear hybrid system and these models are combined using Bayes theorem. NN optimization combined gradient NN with recurrent NN is proposed to solve optimization problem of each sample time in MPC. An example of benchmark three spherical tank system demonstrates the effectiveness and efficient of the proposed recurrent neural network based MPC. Simulation results show that this approach can utilize fast converge property and the parallel computation ability of NN and be applied to real-time industrial process control.
Aerodynamic optimization with evolutionary algorithms (1996)

Characteristics of aerodynamic optimization are discussed through a simplified airfoil design problem. Three optimization algorithms, the gradient-based method, simulated annealing and genetic algorithm, have been applied to the airfoil shape design using the approximation concept to compare their performance. Although genetic algorithm is time-consuming, its result is superior to those of the others. Since the other algorithms will require many trials starting from various initial designs to obtain a comparable result, they will not have any advantage in efficiency. The result suggest that genetic algorithm is the best for the aerodynamic optimization. To alleviate large computational time necessary for genetic algorithm, the inverse optimization method has been developed to optimize target pressure distributions.
Throughput characteristics of a minimum energy wireless network (2002)

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the minimum energy wireless network, which seeks to provide global connectivity in an ad hoc network while maintaining overall minimum energy for communications. The properties and advantages of employing multi-hop communication over a direct peer-to-peer communication system are illustrated and the performance of such a network is characterized. The blockage percentage for throughput and the overall power consumption are also quantified via simulation.
Genetic testing for ocular albinism and oculocutaneous albinism (2017)

Abstract We studied the scientific literature and disease guidelines in order to summarize the clinical utility of genetic testing for ocular albinism and oculocutaneous albinism. Ocular albinism has X-linked recessive inheritance, with a prevalence that varies from 1/40000 to 1/1000000, and is caused by mutations in the GPR143 and CACNA1F genes. Oculocutaneous albinism has autosomal recessive inheritance, with an overall prevalence of 1/17000, and is caused by mutations in the TYR, OCA2, TYRP1, SLC45A2, SLC24A5 and C10orf11 genes. Clinical diagnosis involves ophthalmological examination, testing of visually evoked potentials (VEP) and electrophysiological testing (ERG). The genetic test is useful for confirming diagnosis, differential diagnosis, for couple risk assessment and access to clinical trials.
Enhancement of Superconductivity by Amorphizing Molybdenum Silicide Films Using a Focused Ion Beam (2020)

We have used focused ion beam irradiation to progressively cause defects in annealed molybdenum silicide thin films. Without the treatment, the films are superconducting with critical temperature of about 1 K. We observe that both resistivity and critical temperature increase as the ion dose is increased. For resistivity, the increase is almost linear, whereas critical temperature changes abruptly at the smallest doses and then remains almost constant at 4 K. We believe that our results originate from amorphization of the polycrystalline molybdenum silicide films.
Placement of Marker Coils at Biopsy: Usefulness in the Localization of Poorly Visualized Renal Neoplasms for Subsequent CT-guided Radiofrequency Ablation (2012)

For small renal neoplasms that are poorly visualized at unenhanced CT, placement of a metallic marking coil at biopsy facilitates tumor localization, thus reducing CT fluoroscopy time and radiation dose for subsequent RF ablation procedures.
Towards a semi-automatic personal digital diary (2012)

This paper presents a diary system which reduces the time to keep and maintain a diary by assisting the user with automatic suggestions for possible events and activities. The system uses a smartphone app reading the internal sensors to detect the current situation. It interrupts the user when unsure in prediction of the current situation. No external hardware is used to assure a broad audience of later endusers. The overall goal is to create a multimedia enriched digital personal diary. A study has been conducted where 16 participants collected data over two weeks from the built-in sensors of an ordinary smartphone. The data has been annotated by the users with labels of daily activities. We applied different classification algorithms to test the feasibility to detect these activity labels from the collected sensor data only. The experiments show that a perfect classification of activities of daily living is not possible but a system like this is usable to assist the journaling by suggestions and semi-automatic logging. The digital diary keeping process should take less time and is more versatile than an old-fashioned handwritten diary. A diary like this can be used to revive past events and help people with dementia to remember the past.
Corrosion behaviour of Softmagnetic iron‐nickel alloys (1997)

Abstract The corrosion behaviour of different FeNi alloys containing between 35 and 82 wt% nickel has been investigated in a humidity test between room temperature and 80°C. It has been found that higher nickel contents improve the corrosion behaviour. The poor corrosion behaviour of the low nickel containing alloys can be improved by grinding and cleaning the surface. With approximately 40 wt% nickel and 8 wt% chromium a softmagnetic alloy has been found with a corrosion behaviour similar to a high nickel alloy with approximately 80 wt% nickel. This FeNiCr alloy achieves also approximately the same saturation induction of 0.75 T as the 80 wt% nickel containing Fe‐Ni‐Mo alloy. The sufficient low coercive force of less than 2.5 A/m after an appropriate heat treatment and the adequate corrosion behaviour make this alloy suitable as a material for stamped parts in electromagnetic relays.
Abstract 9023: Post-Operative Ectopic Atrial Tachycardia in Congenital Heart Disease (2021)

Introduction: Ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) is relatively common in infants following surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD). There is limited data regarding this arrhythmia. Hypothesis: Operative factors, including CHD diagnosis, can identify risk factors for post-operative EAT. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing CHD surgery in the first year of life between January 2007 and July 2020. Patients and surgeries with EAT were compared to those without EAT. Results: Out of 5,792 infant CHD surgeries, 129 (2.2%) developed postoperative EAT. The onset of EAT occurred at a median of 9 days (IQR 5-14 days) after CHD surgery. Compared to controls, the EAT cohort was younger (median 7 vs 85 days, p &lt;0.01) and had lower weight (3.3 vs 4.3 kg, p &lt;0.01) with no gender difference. EAT occurred following 24/265 (9%) total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) repairs (relative risk of 4.7, p&lt;0.001), 22/351 (6%) arterial switch operations (RR 3.2, p&lt;0.001), 6/90 (7%) interrupted arch repair (RR 3.1, p=0.004), and 23/460 (5%) Norwood operations (RR 2.5, p&lt;0.001). EAT patients had longer cardiopulmonary bypass (median 64 vs 58 min, p=0.008) and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest times (15 vs 0 min, p&lt;0.001) but no statistically significant difference in cross clamp times (25 vs 31 min). Antiarrhythmics were given to 109 patients (84%), but treated patients were more likely to be identified for study inclusion potentially biasing this percent-treated value. Propranolol (60%), amiodarone (22%), and flecainide (4%) were the most frequently used antiarrhythmics during hospitalization. On discharge, 60% of EAT patients were on antiarrhythmics, most commonly propranolol (55%), amiodarone (4%), and flecainide (4%). Although 15 patients did not survive to hospital discharge, EAT was not directly implicated in any deaths. Conclusions: In this study of a large cohort of postoperative EAT patients, the arrhythmia occurred in 2.2% of cases with a median onset of 9 days after surgery. TAPVC repair carried the highest risk of postoperative EAT, followed by arterial switch, interrupted aortic arch repair, and Norwood operations. Patients with EAT were younger, smaller, and had longer bypass and circulatory arrest times than controls.
Dermoscopy Improves the Diagnostic Accuracy of Melanomas Clinically Resembling Seborrheic Keratosis: Cross-Sectional Study of the Ability to Detect Seborrheic Keratosis-Like Melanomas by a Group of Dermatologists with Varying Degrees of Experience (2017)

Melanomas can be clinically indistinguishable from SKs despite being evaluated by expert dermatologists. Dermoscopy, even in nonexpert hands, significantly improves their recognition.
Integrating multimodal message across heterogeneous networks (2002)

We introduce a seamless massaging system for the management of personal messages. The aim of it is to intercept, filter, interpret, and deliver multi-modal messages (voice, fax, and/or e-mail messages). Messages are delivered to the recipient regardless of their target messaging device. Seamless messaging involves finding the person (if urgent) and delivering the information to them on their cellular phone, pager, laptop, nearest fax, telephone, or desktop computer. The system includes a set of personal agents that classify and act on incoming messages based on their content. The user specifies the classes and actions to the agent as a set of high-level rules. This allows the user to specify rules that are independent of the messaging system and target devices. A personal agent "Secretary" is responsible for mediating between the different messaging environments, the target devices, and other interacting applications (e.g., calendars, e-mail programs, etc.). The design of this seamless messaging system is based on the integration of three: technologies, ubiquitous computing, information filtering, and telematics. The system has been implemented on a Lotus Notes platform. What makes the system unique is its approach to treating a message in a universal manner, its ability to mediate between different messaging devices, and its ability to try to determine the availability of the user.