gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Author response: Possible magneto-mechanical and magneto-thermal mechanisms of ion channel activation in magnetogenetics (2019)

Several new magneto-mechanical and magneto-thermal mechanisms of ion channel activation in magnetogenetics are proposed that may explain some of the mysteries that challenge current understanding of the magnetogenetics experiments.
Analysis of the bioactive components from different growth stages of Fritillaria taipaiensis P. Y. Li (2013)

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) or a diode array detector (DAD) were utilized for the quantitative analysis of 4 alkaloids (peimisine, sipeimine, peimine and peiminine) and 9 nucleosides and nucleobases (uracil, uridine, adenosine, adenine, inosine, thymine, cytidine, guanosine and thymidine) from Fritillaria taipaiensis P. Y. Li that had been cultivated in the same field for 2–6 years. The content of peimisine, sipeimine, peimine, peiminine, uracil, thymine, adenine and inosine in plants cultivated for 2–4 years was significantly higher than that of plants cultivated for 5–6 years, while the content of cytidine, uridine, guanosine, thymidine and adenosine did not change over this period. This is the first evaluation of variation in the bioactive compounds in F. taipaiensis over its life cycle.
Learning Road Scene-level Representations via Semantic Region Prediction (2023)

In this work, we tackle two vital tasks in automated driving systems, i.e., driver intent prediction and risk object identification from egocentric images. Mainly, we investigate the question: what would be good road scene-level representations for these two tasks? We contend that a scene-level representation must capture higher-level semantic and geometric representations of traffic scenes around ego-vehicle while performing actions to their destinations. To this end, we introduce the representation of semantic regions, which are areas where ego-vehicles visit while taking an afforded action (e.g., left-turn at 4-way intersections). We propose to learn scene-level representations via a novel semantic region prediction task and an automatic semantic region labeling algorithm. Extensive evaluations are conducted on the HDD and nuScenes datasets, and the learned representations lead to state-of-the-art performance for driver intention prediction and risk object identification.
Nestin Mediates Hedgehog Pathway Tumorigenesis (2016)

The intermediate filament protein Nestin serves as a biomarker for stem cells and has been used to identify subsets of cancer stem-like cells. However, the mechanistic contributions of Nestin to cancer pathogenesis are not understood. Here, we report that Nestin binds the hedgehog pathway transcription factor Gli3 to mediate the development of medulloblastomas of the hedgehog subtype. In a mouse model system, Nestin levels increased progressively during medulloblastoma formation, resulting in enhanced tumor growth. Conversely, loss of Nestin dramatically inhibited proliferation and promoted differentiation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the tumor-promoting effects of Nestin were mediated by binding to Gli3, a zinc finger transcription factor that negatively regulates hedgehog signaling. Nestin binding to Gli3 blocked Gli3 phosphorylation and its subsequent proteolytic processing, thereby abrogating its ability to negatively regulate the hedgehog pathway. Our findings show how Nestin drives hedgehog pathway-driven cancers and uncover in Gli3 a therapeutic target to treat these malignancies. Cancer Res; 76(18); 5573-83. ©2016 AACR.
Rational Guidelines on the Provision of Analgesia, Sedation, and Neuromuscular Blockade in Critical Care (2001)

Mascia, Michael F. MD, MPH; Koch, Manfred MD; Medicis, Joseph J. PharmD, BCPS Author Information
A Self-initializing Eyebrow Tracker for Binary Switch Emulation (2002)

We designed the Eyebrow-Clicker, a camera-based human computer interface system that implements a new form of binary switch. When the user raises his or her eyebrows, the binary switch is activated and a selection command is issued. The Eyebrow-Clicker thus replaces the &amp;quot;click&amp;quot; functionality of a mouse. The system initializes itself by detecting the user&amp;apos;s eyes and eyebrows, tracks these features at frame rate, and recovers in the event of errors. The initialization uses the natural blinking of the human eye to select suitable templates for tracking. Once execution has begun, a user therefore never has to restart the program or even touch the computer. In our experiments with humancomputer interaction software, the system successfully determined 93% of the time when a user raised his eyebrows.
Microfluidic Capture of Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells from Human Adult Peripheral Blood: Phenotypic and Functional Validation In Vivo (2014)

We showed that the simplicity and versatility of our microfluidic system could be very instrumental for ECFC isolation while preserving their therapeutic potential. We anticipate our results will facilitate additional development of clinically suitable microfluidic devices by the vascular therapeutic and diagnostic industry.
Innate and Adaptive Immunity to Francisella (2007)

Studies of immune responses to Francisella have been conducted for well over 50 years. Here, the basic parameters of innate and adaptive immune responses to Francisella are reviewed, with an emphasis on those that may contribute directly to protection against infection. Although older literature provides a wealth of information on human immune responses to infection and vaccination, most recent information has been derived largely from studies in animals and using animal cells, particularly mice. In experimental animals, activation of macrophages, a major and probably preferred host cell for Francisella, appears central to control of infection. Thus, in animal models and in vitro studies using mouse macrophages, cytokines such as IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, derived first from both nonspecific cells such as natural killer cells and later from Francisella-specific T cells, collaborate to effect intracellular killing. In mice, these intracellular killing mechanisms include reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, but killing mechanisms remain to be identified in humans. Ultimately both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells develop into Francisella-specific memory cells and are important for control of primary Francisella infection or vaccination-induced protection. The effector mechanisms invoked by either CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells, beyond production of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, are the subject of ongoing studies. Both specific antibodies and B cells may contribute to control of primary infection or vaccination-induced protection in some circumstances, particularly against lower virulence Francisella strains. Thus a number of known proinflammatory and Th-1 T cell related components of the immune system combat this virulent bacterium; no doubt others remain to be discovered.
Fabrication of Colloidal Crystal Gel Film Using Poly(<i>N</i>-vinylcaprolactam) (2021)

In this report, we successfully fabricated the colloidal crystal (CC) gel films of silica microparticles combined with a temperature-responsive biocompatible hydrogel of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (VCL). When the CC VCL film was prepared by filling VCL precursor into the void space between silica particles of CC film, followed by the thermal polymerization, the Bragg reflection peak was red-shifted from 475 nm to 535 nm due to the change of refractive index contrast. Subsequently, immersion of the CC VCL film into an excess of water led to the formation of CC VCL gel film, wherein the VCL matrix swelled in water to form the hydrogel state. As elevating the temperature from 25 °C, this CC VCL gel film showed the reflection color changes from red to green, arising from the decrease of lattice constant induced by the shrinkage of VCL hydrogel. Moreover, the reflection color changes of CC VCL gel film were found to be fully reversible. In this way, we believe that such CC VCL gel films can be potentially applied to novel temperature sensors with biocompatibility.
Characterization of oncogene‐silenced transgenic plants: implications for Agrobacterium biology and post‐transcriptional gene silencing (2002)

SUMMARY Agrobacterium tumefaciens tumorigenesis is initiated by the horizontal transfer of a suite of oncogenes that alter hormone synthesis and sensitivity in infected plant cells. Transgenic plants silenced for the iaaM and ipt oncogenes are highly recalcitrant to tumorigenesis, and present a unique resource to elucidate fundamental questions related to Agrobacterium biology and post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS). The oncogene-silenced transgenic tomato line 01/6 was used to characterize A. tumefaciens growth in planta and to screen for iaaM and ipt sequence variants. Even in the absence of macroscopic and microscopic indications of tumorigenesis, A. tumefaciens is capable of long-term survival in the hypocotyl tissues of the 01/6 line. A. tumefaciens growth, however, is significantly reduced in the 01/6 line, with populations decreased by 96% relative to wild-type at 52 days post-inoculation. In addition, the 01/6 line displayed suppression of tumorigenesis against all 35 tested strains of A. tumefaciens. High target homology is an absolute requirement of PTGS, therefore this result suggests that regions of the iaaM and ipt oncogenes are very highly conserved across most A. tumefaciens strains. Finally, graft transmissibility of oncogene silencing was assessed by grafting various non-silenced tomato genotypes on to the 01/6 line. Phenotypic and molecular evidence (tumorigenesis and absence of small interfering RNAs, respectively) suggest that oncogene silencing is not graft-transmissible, at least to wild-type and antisense iaaM-over-expressing genotypes.
Anomalous contraction of theC−Cbond length in semiconducting carbon nanotubes observed during Cs doping (2005)

In situ first-order Raman scattering was used to study the time evolution of the intratube $\mathrm{C}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{C}$ bond length of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) during slow vapor phase Cs doping. The evolution was followed via changes observed in the scattering from the tangential $(T)$ and radial $(R)$ phonon modes. After the initial exposure to Cs vapor, a very long induction interval was observed, followed by three distinct intervals where different phonon mode behavior with doping could be identified. The second interval was marked by a strong decrease in the scattering intensity; the $R$ band was observed to have a $2.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ upshift before its disappearance, while no apparent shift in the $T$ band was observed. The third interval is marked by a continued loss in $T$ band intensity, while the shoulders on the $T$ band are gradually lost; the final $T$ band shape in this interval is well described by a single broad Lorentzian. Also during the third interval, an anomalous upshift in the $T$ band is observed $(\ensuremath{\sim}4\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1})$. In the fourth, and final, interval, the Lorentzian $T$ band first downshifts and then assumes an asymmetrically broadened Fano interference line shape. During the evolution of this Fano line shape, the renormalized phonon frequency continued to downshift. The results are discussed in terms of current theories for doping-induced changes in the $\mathrm{C}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{C}$ bond length of SWNTs.
Inherited diseases of copper metabolism: Wilson’s disease and Menkes’ disease (2010)

Copper is an essential metal that is an important cofactor for many proteins and enzymes. Two related genetic defects in copper transport have been described. An uncommon disorder (1 in 30 000) caused by autosomal recessive loss of function mutations in a metal-transporting P-type ATPase (...
Colored local type inference (2001)

We present a type system for a language based on F≤, which allows certain type annotations to be elided in actual programs. Local type inference determines types by a combination of type propagation and local constraint solving, rather than by global constraint solving. We re ne the previously existing local type inference system of Pierce and Turner[PT98] by allowing partial type information to be propagated. This is expressed by coloring types to indicate propagation directions. Propagating partial type information allows us to omit type annotations for the visitor pattern, the analogue of pattern matching in languages without sum types.
Pre-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate renal ischemic injury in rats by augmented survival and engraftment (2012)

The results of these studies demonstrate that SNAP pre-conditioning might be useful to enhance therapeutic potential of MSCs in attenuating renal ischemia reperfusion injury.
Magnitude, origins, and reduction of abdominal ultrasonic clutter (2008)

Clutter is a noise artifact in ultrasound images, arising from multiple sources. Experiments were conducted with urine-filled in vivo bladders to differentiate among various clutter sources. Successive-frame image acquisitions with varying transmit PRFs were used to determine the clutter contributions from echoes of previously sent pulses and random electronic and/or acoustic noise. Images acquired during axial displacement of the abdominal wall were assessed to distinguish clutter due to near-field reverberation from clutter due to off-axis scattering. The results indicate that clutter contributions from random noise and echoes of previously sent pulses are weak, while clutter arising from sound reverberation in abdominal tissues are dominant distal to the abdominal wall. Clutter adjacent to the distal and lateral bladder walls is mainly due to off-axis scattering. Clutter was reduced in fundamental and harmonic bladder images by applying Finite Impulse Response (FIR) and Blind Source Separation (BSS) motion filters to images acquired during axial displacement of the abdominal wall.
Identification of time-variant high frequency parameters for sensorless control of PMSM using an internal model principle based high frequency current control (2012)

Standstill and low speed self-sensing based field oriented control of PMSM using the high frequency signal injection method requires a sufficient saliency ratio of the high frequency differential inductances of the machine. Therefore these inductances need to be known precisely to be able to guarantee stability of the sensorless control. In order to perform the identification, the conventional field oriented control scheme is extended by additional PI-type controllers in a positive and negative sequence high frequency coordinate system, thus resulting in zero steady state control error in case of superimposed sinusoidal high frequency test current reference values. Moreover the extended control scheme provides a direct demodulation of sine and cosine parts of the high frequency control signals and therefore enables a direct identification of all model parameters relevant for HF injection based sensorless control (differential self- and mutual inductances and high frequency resistances). In contrast to conventional methods, no prerequisites for the parameters or its' dependencies have to be fulfilled.
Comparison of exact and approximate multi-objective optimization for software product lines (2014)

Software product lines (SPLs) allow stakeholders to manage product variants in a systematical way and derive variants by selecting features. Finding a desirable variant is often difficult, due to the huge configuration space and usually conflicting objectives (e.g., lower cost and higher performance). This scenario can be characterized as a multi-objective optimization problem applied to SPLs. We address the problem using an exact and an approximate algorithm and compare their accuracy, time consumption, scalability, parameter setting requirements on five case studies with increasing complexity. Our empirical results show that (1) it is feasible to use exact techniques for small SPL multi-objective optimization problems, and (2) approximate methods can be used for large problems but require substantial effort to find the best parameter setting for acceptable approximation which can be ameliorated with known good parameter ranges. Finally, we discuss the tradeoff between accuracy and time consumption when using exact and approximate techniques for SPL multi-objective optimization and guide stakeholders to choose one or the other in practice.
Effect of laundering on fabric drape, bending and shear (2009)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of laundering on the drape, shear, and bending properties of bottom weight fabrics. Design/methodology/approach Six bottom‐weight 100 percent cotton fabrics were included. Collier's Drape Tester was utilized to obtain drape values. Bending and shear values were measured on the KES‐F Shear Tester and the Pure Bending Tester. Three laundering cycles (unlaundered, one and five home launderings) following AATCC methods were explored. Findings Laundry cycle did not have a significant effect on fabric drape, shear or bending properties. However, drape values increased overall, while shear and bending modulus and hysteresis decreased, resulting in a more drapable, pliable fabric after five laundry cycles. Research limitations/implications Future research examining a wider variety of fabrics and conducting a greater number of laundry cycles to approximate an average yearly number of laundry cycles is recommended. An expansion of this preliminary study should give more conclusive evidence of the trends observed. Originality/value Objective measurement of drape and fabric mechanical properties related to drape after laundry treatments would assist the apparel manufacturer in developing laundry recommendations based on the fabric's performance and in selecting fabrics which maintain their drape characteristics, mechanical properties, and dimensional stability with use. Higher quality garments with increased consumer satisfaction would result.
Design and construction of the artificial patient module for testing bioimpedance measuring devices (2013)

The purpose of this study was to describe the design of the electronic module for testing bioimpedance measuring devices, for example impedance cardiographs or impedance pneumographs. Artificial Patient was conceived as an electronic equivalent of the impedance of skin-electrode interface and the impedance between electrodes - measured one. Different approaches in imitating a resistance of skin and an impedance of electrode-skin connection were presented. The module was adapted for frequently applied tetrapolar electrode configuration. Therefore the design do not enclose the elements simulating impedance between skin and receiver electrodes due to negligible effect of this impedance on the current flow through the receiver. The Artificial Patient enables testing either application generators, or receiver parts, particularly the level of noise and distortions of the signal. Use of digitally controlled potentiometer allows simulating different tissue resistances changes such as constant values, very-low-frequency and low-frequency changes corresponding to those caused by breathing or heart activity. Also it allows distorting signals in order to test algorithms of artifacts attenuation.
Identification of a Novel Susceptibility Marker for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Subjects and Risk Mitigation with a Clinically Approved JAK Inhibitor in Human/Mouse Cells (2020)

ABSTRACT Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has affected over 65 million individuals and killed over 1.5 million persons (December 8, 2020; www.who.int ) 1 . While fatality rates are higher among the elderly and those with underlying comorbidities 2 , host factors that promote susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease are poorly understood. Although individuals with certain autoimmune/inflammatory disorders show increased susceptibility to viral infections, there is incomplete knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility in these diseases. 3–7 We report that the autoimmune PTPN2 risk variant rs1893217 promotes expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE2, and increases cellular entry mediated by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Elevated ACE2 expression and viral entry were mediated by increased JAK-STAT signalling, and were reversed by the JAK inhibitor, tofacitinib. Collectively, our findings uncover a novel risk biomarker for increased expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor and viral entry, and identify a clinically approved therapeutic agent to mitigate this risk.
Correction: Peptide Bβ15-42 Preserves Endothelial Barrier Function in Shock (2009)

There was an error in affiliation assignment for author Sylvia Knapp. This author should also be affiliated with #5, Department of Medicine 1, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Comparisons of theoretically predicted transport from ion temperature gradient instabilities to L-mode tokamak experiments (1991)

The theoretical transport from kinetic micro-instabilities driven by ion temperature gradients is a sheared slab is compared to experimentally inferred transport in L-mode tokamaks. Low noise gyrokinetic simulation techniques are used to obtain the ion thermal transport coefficient X. This X is much smaller than in experiments, and so cannot explain L-mode confinement. Previous predictions based on fluid models gave much greater X than experiments. Linear and nonlinear comparisons with the fluid model show that it greatly overestimates transport for experimental parameters. In addition, disagreements among previous analytic and simulation calculations of X in the fluid model are reconciled.