gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Type Dementia (2016)

Aim. To asses both choroidal thickness differences among Alzheimer's type dementia (ATD) patients, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and healthy control (C) subjects and choroidal thickness relationships with cognitive performance. Methods. A total of 246 eyes of 123 people (41 ATD, 38 MCI, and 44 healthy C subjects) were included in this study. Complete ophthalmological and neurological examination was performed in all subjects. Choroidal thicknesses (CT) were measured at seven locations: the fovea, 500-1500-3000 μm temporal and 500-1500-3000 μm nasal to the fovea by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Detailed neurological examination including mini mental state examination (MMSE) test which evaluates the cognitive function was applied to all participants. Results. The ages and genders of all participants were similar in all groups. Compared with healthy C subjects, the CT measurements at all regions were significantly thinner both in patients with ATD and in patients with MCI than in healthy C subjects (p < 0.05). The MMSE scores were significantly different among ATD patients, MCI patients, and healthy C subjects. They were 19.3 ± 1.8, 24.8 ± 0.9, and 27.6 ± 1.2 in ATD, MCI, and healthy controls, respectively (p < 0.001). There were also significant correlation between MMSE score and choroidal thickness at each location (p < 0.05). Conclusions. CT was reduced in ATD patients and MCI patients. Since vascular structures were affected in ATD patients and MCI patients, they had thin CT. Besides CT was correlated with degree of cognitive impairment. Therefore CT may be a new biomarker in diagnosis and follow-up of MCI and ATD patients.
IDENTIFICATION of Infrared SPECTRAL Signature of INDUCED Pluripotent STEM CELLS (iPSC) (2010)

Abstract Abstract 4792 Recent technological advances in cell reprogramming by generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) offer major perspectives in disease modelling and future hopes for providing novel stem cells sources in regenerative medicine. However, research on iPSC still requires refining the criteria of the pluripotency stage of these cells and exploration of their equivalent functionality to human embryonic stem cells (hESC). In this work, we report that the use of the Synchrotron-based FTIR microspectroscopy allows following the infrared spectral modification of the differentiated cells during the reprogramming process as well as the comparison between iPSC with hESC. The model that we studied consisted on the use of human ES cell line H9 grown on murine embryonic fibroblasts in the presence of bFGF. We have generated mesenchymal stem cells from the H9 cell line (H9-MSC) and we used them to generate iPSC (iPSC-H9) by the enforced expression of pluripotency genes Oct4, Sox2, Lin28 and Nanog. We have also followed the same approach on murine cells by generating murine iPSC from murine ES cells by retrovirus mediated gene transfer of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4. iPSC were characterized by expression of pluripotency markers, and teratoma assays. Infrared Spectral fingerprints of the original H9, MSC-H9 and iPSC-H9 as well as differentiated murine fibroblasts and murine iPSC were acquired at sub-cellular resolution using a synchrotron-powered infrared microscope. In murine system, the spectral signature of iPSC has been compared to that of D3, a well-characterized murine ES cell line. The spectral signature of iPSC and ESC displays a marked difference with those of the differentiated cells used before reprogrammation regardless the origin of the target cell (mesenchymal stem cells or murine fibroblasts). We unambiguously demonstrate for the first time to our knowledge, that the human and murine iPSC retrieve the same chemical composition with an indistinguishable spectral signature from their embryonic stem cells counterparts. Importantly, the spectral signatures were found to be specific to each of the cell line, as evidenced using pattern recognition methods and illustrated the genetic biodiversity of each iPSC and ESC. Thus, in addition to the classical pluripotency markers, FTIR microspectroscopy signature could be a rapid methodology to evaluate the pluripotency after somatic cell reprogramming. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
DAVID Hwang's M. Butterfly: PERPETUATING THE MISOGYNIST MYTH (1989)

Research Article| May 01 1989 DAVID Hwang's M. Butterfly: PERPETUATING THE MISOGYNIST MYTH Gabrielle Cody Gabrielle Cody Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Theater (1989) 20 (2): 24–27. https://doi.org/10.1215/01610775-20-2-24 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Gabrielle Cody; DAVID Hwang's M. Butterfly: PERPETUATING THE MISOGYNIST MYTH. Theater 1 May 1989; 20 (2): 24–27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/01610775-20-2-24 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsTheater Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © THEATER 19891989 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Engendering Theater You do not currently have access to this content.
Prototype Visualization Tools For Multi-Experiment Performance Analysis (2006)

The analysis of modern, parallelized applications, such as scientific modeling, is of interest to a variety of people within the computing community of the Department of Defense (DoD). Persons desiring insight into the performance of these large programs include application users, application programmers/developers, portfolio and center managers, and others. The analysis needed requires the examination of large data sets obtained from various performance analysis sources including, but not limited to, hardware counters, software event counters, communications event counters, and unrelated instrumentation code inserted into programs. The PCAT (PerformanCe Analysis Team) at the University of Texas-El Paso (UTEP) has developed a suite of tools consisting of a performance database access tool and four different visualization methods to aid diverse DoD users in analyzing certain performance issues associated with serial and, especially, parallel programs. The tools are written in Java and provide multiple views of different aspects of performance metrics associated with a performance database. Preliminary analysis of two different codes resulted in PCAT users identifying possible sources of performance degradation solely from examination of performance metrics, without access to the source code.
Optical methods for non-invasive assessment of arteriole flow impedance (Conference Presentation) (2020)

Vascular impedance is a frequency dependent quantity relating a vascular compartment's flow dynamics to pressure changes. Although vascular impedance has been investigated in larger arteries, probing smaller arterioles using similar techniques has been difficult due to their small cross-sectional area. Here we show how vascular impedance can be quantified based on pulsatile data from cerebral measurements using diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) as well as near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Results from head of bed tilting in healthy volunteers will be presented, showing that quantification of vascular impedance is possible. Applications and the relationship to cerebral autoregulation will be discussed.
Long-Lasting Cholinergic Modulation Underlies Rule Learning in Rats (2001)

We studied the role of acetylcholine (ACh) in creating learning-related long-lasting modifications in the rat cortex. Rats were trained to discriminate positive and negative cues in pairs of odors, until they demonstrated rule learning and entered a mode of high capability for learning of additional odors. We have previously reported that pyramidal neurons in olfactory (piriform) cortex from trained rats had reduced spike afterhyperpolarization (AHP) for 3 d after rule learning. In the present study we examined the mechanism underlying this long-lasting modification. The cholinergic agonist carbachol reduced both slow AHP and firing adaptation in neurons from pseudotrained rats, but had no effect on neurons from trained rats, suggesting pre-existing cholinergic effect. Intracellular application of the calcium chelator BAPTA abolished the difference in slow AHP and in adaptation between groups, suggesting that the difference resulted from reduction in the ACh-sensitive, Ca(2+)-dependent potassium current, I(AHP). At the behavioral level, application of the muscarinic blocker scopolamine before each training session delayed rule learning but had no effect on further acquisition of odor memory. We suggest that intense ACh activity during rule learning enhances neuronal excitability in the piriform cortex by reducing I(AHP) and that the effect outlasts the stage of rule learning, so that ACh activity is not crucial for further odor learning.
Purification, characterization and molecular cloning of trichoanguin, a novel type I ribosome-inactivating protein from the seeds of Trichosanthes anguina (1999)

The seeds of the plant Trichosanthes anguina contain a type I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP), designated trichoanguin, which was purified to apparent homogeneity by the combined use of ion-exchange chromatographies, i.e. first with DE-52 cellulose and then with CM-52 cellulose. The protein was found to be a glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 35 kDa and a pI of 9.1. It strongly inhibits the protein synthesis of rabbit reticulocyte lysate, with an IC50 of 0.08 nM, but only weakly that of HeLa cells, with an IC50 of 6 µM. Trichoanguin cleaves at the A4324 site of rat 28 S rRNA by its N-glycosidase activity. The cDNA of trichoanguin consists of 1039 nt and encodes an open reading frame coding for a polypeptide of 294 amino acid residues. The first 19 residues of this polypeptide encode a signal peptide sequence and the last 30 residues comprise an extension at its C-terminus. There are four potential glycosylation sites, located at Asn-51, Asn-65, Asn-201 and Asn-226. A comparison of the amino acid sequence of trichoanguin with those of RIPs such as trichosanthin, α-momorcharin, ricin A-chain and abrin A-chain reveals 55%, 48%, 36% and 34% identity respectively. Molecular homology modelling of trichoanguin indicates that its tertiary structure closely resembles those of trichosanthin and α-momorcharin. The large structural similarities might account for their common biological effects such as an abortifacient, an anti-tumour agent and anti-HIV-1 activities. Trichoanguin contains two cysteine residues, Cys-32 and Cys-155, with the former being likely to be located on the protein surface, which is directly amenable for conjugation with antibodies to form immunoconjugates. It is therefore conceivable that trichoanguin might be a better type I RIP than any other so far examined for the preparation of immunotoxins, with a great potential for application as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer.
Characterisation of a type‐I collagen trimeric cross‐linked peptide from calf aorta and its cross‐linked structure (1987)

A collagenous trimeric cross-linked peptide has been isolated from the insoluble matrix of calf aorta, using trypsin solubilisation, and purified by gel filtration, cation-exchange chromatography and reversed-phase HPLC. Molecular mass and amino acid composition indicated that the C-terminal, non-helical region of type I collagen in its dimer form, designated as [ColC(I)]2, is cross-linked to a tryptic peptide TN(I) from the N-terminal helical cross-link region of an adjacent type I molecule, forming the cross-linked peptide [ColC(I)]2 X TN(I). Amino acid sequence analysis of the peptide yielded a series of sequences corresponding to the cross-linking domains ColC(I) and TN(I) and furnished the first direct chemical evidence for the 4D staggered arrangement of type I molecules within native fibers. The trifunctional cross-linking amino acid pyridinoline was shown to occur in the peptide, confirming the peptides three-chain structure. Pyridinoline was isolated from the cross-linked peptide by preparative amino acid analysis and reversed-phase HPLC and identified by its ultraviolet absorption spectra, its fluorescence excitation and emission spectra and, for the first time, its time-of-flight secondary ion-mass spectrum. The high sensitivity of the latter method, exceeding that of fast-atom-bombardment mass spectroscopy by three orders of magnitude, allowed detection of pyridinoline in the picomole range. The occurrence of pyridinoline in non-stoichiometric amounts, the presence of hydroxylysine in hydrolysates of all cross-linked peptides and the finding that hydrolysates also contained an unidentified component indicated that there is at least one cross-link form that is different from pyridinoline and is hydrolysable.
Spongelike Structures of Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene Derivatives Enhance the Sensitivity of Chemiresistive Carbon Nanotubes to Nonpolar Volatile Organic Compounds of Cancer (2009)

Cancer is a leading health hazard, and lung cancer is its most common form. Breath testing is a fast, noninvasive diagnostic method which links specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath to medical conditions. Arrays of sensors based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) could in principle detect cancer by differentiating between the VOCs found in the breath of healthy and sick persons, but the notoriously low sensitivity of CNT sensors to nonpolar VOCs limits their accuracy. In this study, we have achieved a marked improvement of the sensitivity and selectivity of random networks (RNs) of CNT chemiresistors to nonpolar VOCs by functionalizing them with self-assembled, spongelike structures of discotic hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivatives. We observed swelling of the organic film by monitoring the changes of organic film thickness during exposure and propose that the expansion of the spongelike organic overlayer creates scattering centers in the underlying RN-CNTs by physically distancing the CNTs at their intersections. The results presented here could lead to the development of robust sensors for nonpolar VOCs of cancer breath, which have hitherto been difficult to trace.
Suppressor role of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) in skin cancer (2008)

Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) regulates transcription in response to stress and growth factor stimuli. Here, we use a mouse model in which ATF2 was selectively deleted in keratinocytes. Crossing the conditionally expressed ATF2 mutant with K14-Cre mice (K14.ATF2(f/f)) resulted in selective expression of mutant ATF2 within the basal layer of the epidermis. When subjected to a two-stage skin carcinogenesis protocol [7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene/phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate (DMBA/TPA)], K14.ATF2(f/f) mice showed significant increases in both the incidence and prevalence of papilloma development compared with the WT ATF2 mice. Consistent with these findings, keratinocytes of K14.ATF2(f/f) mice exhibit greater anchorage-independent growth compared with ATF2 WT keratinocytes. Papillomas of K14.ATF2(f/f) mice exhibit reduced expression of presenilin1, which is associated with enhanced beta-catenin and cyclin D1, and reduced Notch1 expression. Significantly, a reduction of nuclear ATF2 and increased beta-catenin expression were seen in samples of squamous and basal cell carcinoma, as opposed to normal skin. Our data reveal that loss of ATF2 transcriptional activity serves to promote skin tumor formation, thereby indicating a suppressor activity of ATF2 in skin tumor formation.
Thyristor-driven pulsers for multikilowatt average power lasers (1992)

The development of industrial excimer-and CO2 TEA pulse lasers with average optical powers in the kilowatt range, requires pulsing circuits delivering average power levels of tens of kilowatt. Excitation pulses with voltage rise times in the order of 100 ns and peak voltages of more than 40 kV are required for efficient operation of the laser. To meet these requirements, primary switching must be carried out at tens of kA, at voltage levels in excess of 40 kV, and at repetition rates of several kHz. These requirements place extreme demands on the active switching elements employed in the pulser for primary pulse conversion. Traditionally, thyratrons have been used as switching elements. However, under these operating conditions, their lifetimes are drastically limited, making them not a commercially viable choice. Endeavours to overcome these limitations have led to the development of an all solid-state driven pulser. This pulser makes use of a modular, thyristor switched, pulse power supply unit for primary pulse conversion. Pulses of 40 μs duration are supplied to a four-stage series magnetic pulse compressor to transform the pulses down to 150 ns for efficient laser excitation.
VARAN the Unbelievable (2015)

With the widespread availability of multi-core processors, running multiple diversified variants or several different versions of an application in parallel is becoming a viable approach for increasing the reliability and security of software systems. The key component of such N-version execution (NVX) systems is a runtime monitor that enables the execution of multiple versions in parallel. Unfortunately, existing monitors impose either a large performance overhead or rely on intrusive kernel-level changes. Moreover, none of the existing solutions scales well with the number of versions, since the runtime monitor acts as a performance bottleneck.
Occurrence of Microplastics in Commercial Seafood under the Perspective of the Human Food Chain. A Review (2020)

The occurrence of microplastics in the marine ecosystem and aquatic organisms, their trophic transfer along the food web, and the identification of seafood species as suitable indicators have become a research priority. Despite the high quantity of research in this field, a comparison between the available data and an appropriate risk assessment remains difficult. In this perspective, as an innovative approach, the association of the feeding strategies of commercial seafood and the microplastic level was considered. Further research to assess the occurrence of microplastics in the marine food web, the long-term effects on animals and humans, and the health implications is needed.
Arsenic-transforming microbes and their role in biomining processes (2013)

It is well known that microorganisms can dissolve different minerals and use them as sources of nutrients and energy. The majority of rock minerals are rich in vital elements (e.g., P, Fe, S, Mg and Mo), but some may also contain toxic metals or metalloids, like arsenic. The toxicity of arsenic is disclosed after the dissolution of the mineral, which raises two important questions: (1) why do microorganisms dissolve arsenic-bearing minerals and release this metal into the environment in a toxic (also for themselves) form, and (2) How do these microorganisms cope with this toxic element? In this review, we summarize current knowledge about arsenic-transforming microbes and their role in biomining processes. Special consideration is given to studies that have increased our understanding of how microbial activities are linked to the biogeochemistry of arsenic, by examining (1) where and in which forms arsenic occurs in the mining environment, (2) microbial activity in the context of arsenic mineral dissolution and the mechanisms of arsenic resistance, (3) the minerals used and technologies applied in the biomining of arsenic, and (4) how microbes can be used to clean up post-mining environments.
Systematische Aufzählung von mikroporösen Festkörpern: auf dem Weg zu Designer‐Katalysatoren (2007)

Abzählübungen: Wobei hilft ein tieferes Wissen über die denkbaren Arten von Festkörpern mit offener (mikroporöser) Struktur und ihre Zahl? Hier wird ein Überblick über Versuche gegeben, Bibliotheken von katalytisch interessanten Kristallstrukturen, wie Zeolithen, aufzubauen. Eine solche Bibliothek kann nicht nur bei der Lösung von Strukturen existierender mikroporöser Feststoffe, sondern auch beim Design neuer Katalysatoren nützlich sein.
Effect of Heat Processing on DNA Quantification of Meat Species (2012)

In this study, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for identifying the effects of different temperatures and times of heat treatment on the DNA of meat products. For this purpose, beef, pork, and chicken were baked at 200 °C for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 min, and for 30 min at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 °C and also cooked by boiling at 99 °C for 10, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, and 240 min. The DNA was then extracted from all samples after the heat treatment. Further, a region of 374, 290, and 183-bp of mitochondrial DNA of beef, pork, and chicken, respectively, was amplified by real-time PCR. It was found that baking and boiling of the beef, pork, and chicken resulted in decreases in the detectable copy numbers of specific genes, which varied with the heating time and degree. The results indicated that species determination and quantification using real-time PCR are affected by the temperature, duration of the heat treatment, and size of the DNA fragment to be amplified.
Control of protein trafficking by reversible masking of transport signals (2016)

Systems that allow the control of protein traffic between subcellular compartments have been valuable in elucidating trafficking mechanisms. Most current approaches rely on ligand or light-controlled dimerization, which results in either retardation or enhancement of the transport of a reporter. We developed an alternative approach for trafficking regulation that we term "controlled unmasking of targeting elements" (CUTE). Regulated trafficking is achieved by reversible masking of the signal that directs the reporter to its target organelle, relying on the streptavidin-biotin system. The targeting signal is generated within or immediately after a 38-amino acid streptavidin-binding peptide (SBP) that is appended to the reporter. The binding of coexpressed streptavidin to SBP causes signal masking, whereas addition of biotin causes complex dissociation and triggers protein transport to the target organelle. We demonstrate the application of this approach to the control of nuclear and peroxisomal protein import and the generation of biotin-dependent trafficking through the endocytic and COPI systems. By simultaneous masking of COPI and endocytic signals, we were able to generate a synthetic pathway for efficient transport of a reporter from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum.