gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implementation issues II (1983)

The panelists were asked to address three questions. The three sections below are summaries of the ideas discussed in response to each of these questions. 1. When debugging a program, what information about that program is important for presentation to the user? What techniques can the debugger use to determine such information? While helping to develop a debugger, John Johnson had observed many programmers using it, and had noticed two distinct styles of information gathering: • Many programmers began by getting fairly small amounts of information. They simply wanted an overview of the "flow" of the program, in order to get a general understanding of its behavior. • After suspicion had been narrowed down to- a particular area within the program, the users wanted as much information as possible, formatted nicely.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (1‐Azabicyclo[3.3.0]octanyl)methyl‐Substituted Aromatic Heterocycles and Their Muscarinic Activity. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High-resolution ferroelectric liquid crystal display (1993)

A high resolution (near 1000 l.p.i.) ferroelectric liquid crystal display operating at video rate has been demonstrated. The display uses a novel mode of matrix addressing which together with an improved drive scheme gives high speed and contrast. Details of the construction, optical properties, and drive electronics of the device are described. This new technology offers high pixel aperture ratios and wide angle of view; its suitability for both helmet mounted and direct view applications are discussed.
3D Object Recognition: A Model of View-Tuned Neurons (1996)

In 1990 Poggio and Edelman proposed a view-based model of object recognition that accounts for several psychophysical properties of certain recognition tasks. The model predicted the existence of view-tuned and view-invariant units, that were later found by Logothetis et al. (Logothetis et al., 1995) in IT cortex of monkeys trained with views of specific paperclip objects. The model, however, does not specify the inputs to the view-tuned units and their internal organization. In this paper we propose a model of these view-tuned units that is consistent with physiological data from single cell responses. 1 INTRODUCTION Recognition of specific objects, such as recognition of a particular face, can be based on representations that are object centered, such as 3D structural models. Alternatively, a 3D object may be represented for the purpose of recognition in terms of a set of views. This latter class of models is biologically attractive because model acquisition -- the learning phase --...
OPTIMIZATION AND SCALE-UP OF MOLYBDENUM-RECYCLE PROCESS (2014)

from lab to industrial scale (from 4 gram to 5-ton catalyst beds), and examining reactor design, process optimization strategies, and suggested design and operating conditions for Catalyxx's ethanol upgrading plants. The results in this report have been shared in monthly steering meetings and presentations are available in the shared data house owned by Catalyxx. The modeling effort helped to define optimum operation conditions for maximum alcohol selectivity and yield: i.e., temperature control scenarios ranging from adiabatic to isothermal, feed rate, pressure, and inlet H2/Ethanol ratio. The modeling results were verified at lab-(4 gram) and pre-pilot (4 kg) scales and has been used to evaluate a 5-ton packed-bed reactor and identify operating conditions to maximize the butanol yield. Special focus was given to understanding mass-transfer effects in the pre-pilot and pilot-scale reactors, over the domain of flow rate, pressure, feed composition, pellet size, shape, porosity, bed voidage, and reactor dimensions (i.e., length/diameter). Modeling was also used to evaluate innovative reactor design concepts such as water removal to improve alcohol selectivity and yield, and a reactor with an additional side inlet to facilitate quenching. These concepts were thoroughly explored, and potential benefits were disclosed. The results in this report are summarized and described qualitatively to protect the IP rights of Catalyxx. The details have been shared with the Catalyxx team in the regular steering meetings. At the end of the project, Catalyxx Inc. announced a successful demonstration of pilot scale operation in Seville, Spain.
Telemetry for Implantable Medical Devices: Part 2 - Power Telemetry (2014)

This three-part article focuses on power and data telemetry for implantable medical devices (IMDs). It is not restricted to circuit and system descriptions but outlines the background of the application, along with typical requirements, to illuminate why the circuits are being built as described in state-of-the-art publications. In order to adequately cover this wide range of topics, the article has been split into three parts. In the first part, we reviewed tissue properties, regulations, standards, and safety limits for EM and optical telemetry and its application to the human body. This second part focuses on power telemetry, with an emphasis on the inductive link and the corresponding power management circuits, and gives a short overview of more recent advances such as energy harvesting for IMDs. The third and last part will be dedicated to data telemetry concepts for IMDs. These will be reviewed in principle, then split mostly into electromagnetic and optical approaches. To conclude, an example of a system realizing some of the aforementioned ideas will be provided.
Antimicrobial Activity of a Cationic Guanidine Compound against Two Pathogenic Oral Bacteria (2017)

This study evaluated the potential antimicrobial properties of a polyguanidine (CatDex) on two oral bacteria. Chlorhexidine gluconate 1340 <i>μ</i>moL L<sup>-1</sup> (CHX 0.12%) was used as control. <i>Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)</i> and <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis)</i> were grown in BHI media. Bacterial sensitivity and antimicrobial activity were determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Kirby-Bauer methods. To study side effects, that is, toxicity, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were used. Fluorometric cytotoxicity and confocal microscopy assays were used in order to test cell viability. CatDex inhibited growth of <i>S. mutans</i> at all concentrations and growth of <i>P. gingivalis</i> at all concentrations except 25 <i>μ</i>moL L<sup>-1</sup>. The MIC of CatDex was 50 <i>μ</i>moL L<sup>-1</sup> for both <i>S. mutans</i> and <i>P. gingivalis</i>. The inhibition of bacteria exposed for 8 h at 50 <i>μ</i>moL L<sup>-1</sup> of CatDex exhibited increased antimicrobial activity over time, with 91% inhibition in both bacteria. The antimicrobial activities of CatDex and CHX were similar when tested on two common bacteria. CatDex was significantly less toxic to DPSCs. CatDex toxicity depended on time and not on concentration. With regard to clinical relevance, CatDex may have potential as a novel antimicrobial agent. Further studies are in progress.
Identification by 19F NMR of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants Possessing Prolyl Oligopeptidase Inhibitory Activity (2006)

Prolyl oligopeptidase is a cytosolic serine peptidase that hydrolyzes proline-containing peptides at the carboxy termini of the proline residues. This peptidase has been associated with schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, and related neuropsychiatric disorders and might therefore have important clinical implications. Traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plants provide a rich source of unexplored compounds for strategies to find novel POP inhibitors, but the traditional methodologies used to identify POP inhibitors could have some limitations when working with natural products: interference with the colorimetric or fluorimetric detection methods commonly used to screen for POP inhibitors can result in the generation of false positives or false negatives. Since NMR screening is less prone to such interference, we decided to explore the use of 19F NMR to screen for POP inhibitors. We synthesized a new 19F-labeled POP substrate--Z-Gly-Pro-Phe-4(CF3)-NH2--and used it to search for new POP inhibitors in TCM plant extracts. We identified several plants with high POP-inhibitory activity and show here that the combination of 19F NMR and TCM plant extracts is a useful tool for identifying new POP inhibitors.
Role of ALK activation in the development and maintenance of the neoplastic phenotype in neuroblastoma (2009)

10008 Background: Activating mutations of the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) receptor could be responsible for most familial neuroblastoma cases and for up to 15% of somatic cases. The objective of the present study was to further investigate the role of ALK activation in neuroblastoma. Methods: Tissue microarrays were constructed containing 101 primary tumors and 56 paired normal tissues. Sections were immunostained with anti-ALK or anti-P-ALK antibodies, and with antibodies directed against the ALK ligands: PTN (Pleiotrophin) or MDK (Midkine). The Wilcoxon signed rank test was applied for comparison of paired data. Associations with prognostic factors were analyzed using t-tests. Effects of the ALK inhibitor TAE684 (Novartis) on cell proliferation and signaling was evaluated in wild-type or mutated ALK neuroblastoma cell lines and xenografts. Results: ALK was expressed in about 100% of tumors and normal tissues, while phospho-ALK was detected in 5% of normal tissues and 50% of tumors. Sequencing of the kinase domain of ALK showed that its phosphorylation was largely independent of mutations and we found that MDK and PTN ligands were expressed in 66% and 50% of tumors, respectively. Interestingly, ALK, P-ALK, and MDK were expressed at higher levels in tumors as compared with paired normal tissues (p &lt; 0.0001), while PTN showed an inverse tendency, being more expressed in normal tissues (p = 0.07). In tumors, P-ALK was associated with good-prognosis factors, including favorable stages (p = 0.01), absence of MYCN amplification (p = 0.05) and a younger age at diagnosis (p = 0.03). Inhibition of cell proliferation by TAE684 was detectible in all neuroblastoma cell lines, regardless of ALK status. However, TAE684 failed to demonstrate antitumor activity in advanced stage neuroblastoma xenografts expressing either a wild-type or a mutated ALK. Interestingly, ALK pathway activation (P-STAT3, P-AKT) was weak or barely detectible in these xenografts. Conclusions: ALK activation occurs during neuroblastoma oncogenesis, along with a concomitant switch between the expressions of PTN and MDK. However, ALK may not be a relevant therapeutic target since in vivo inhibition showed no antitumor activity. [Table: see text]
Fluorothiocarbonyl Compounds. II.1 Reactions of Hexafluorothioacetone (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorothiocarbonyl Compounds. II.1 Reactions of HexafluorothioacetoneW. J. Middleton and W. H. SharkeyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 5, 1384–1390Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01016a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01016a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views360Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimal Transport Destination for Ischemic Stroke Patients With Unknown Vessel Status (2017)

Use of RACE cutoff scores that take into account transport times to triage AIS patients to the nearest appropriate hospital may lead to improved outcomes. Further studies should examine the feasibility of translation into clinical practice.
Multiple beam combination for faint objects (2004)

The interference pattern of many beams includes multiple fringe sets, each for a corresponding pair of beams. These fringes must have a limited spectral band, so that they can extend far from the central, white-light fringe. It is possible instead to use a chromatic corrector in order to match the fringe spacing at different wave lengths. As a result, they will overlap over a much larger area, and thus improve the selectivity of the beam pairs.
Advances and trends in primary and small secondary batteries (1994)

Improvements in performance and reliability continue to be made in the traditional primary and secondary systems such as C-Zn, alkaline MnO/sub 2/, Zn-air, Li-I, and sealed Ni-Cd and lead acid. In addition, two new secondary systems, Ni-metal hydride and lithium ion, have recently been introduced. They are growing rapidly in response to environmental concerns and the need for more energy density by devices. Two new rechargeable systems, Zn-air and lithium polymer electrolyte are nearing commercial production. One manufacturer has just introduced a rechargeable version of the alkaline MnO/sub 2/ system for consumer use. Lithium primary systems, such as Li-MnO/sub 2/, Li-FeS/sub 2/ and CF/sub x/ are gaining substantial market share, amounting to about $500 million in 1992. Li-silver vanadium primary cells have been developed to supply the higher currents needed by implantable medical devices such as defibrillators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Assessment of encapsulants for high-voltage, high-temperature power electronic packaging (2011)

Eight encapsulants with operating temperatures up to 250°C were surveyed for use in planar packages for wide-bandgap dice. Two of the encapsulants failed processability test because they were not able to flow, and another two failed because they induced voids or cracks after curing. The dielectric results of the remaining four encapsulants showed that both dielectric strength and permittivity decreased almost 40% when the temperature was increased to 250°C. As the three encapsulants were used to encapsulate a power module, it was proven that all of them could protect the package from early breakdown caused by the poor dielectric strength of air. The thermal aging test showed that materials were hardened during the aging process, and cracking started in the material matrix. The dielectric strength of the sample would drop 60%-70% to only around 10 kV/mm once cracking occurred.
Update in Women’s Health for the General Internist (2010)

We also reviewed updates to the Cochrane database of systematic reviews, Guideline Clearinghouse, and the articles highlighted by the ACP Journal Club, Journal Watch and Journal Watch Women's Health. Finally, we performed a MEDLINE search using the medical subject heading, "sex factors." Those abstracts rated in the top third of importance by any author were read closely and rated by all authors. A process of individual ratings and multiple discussions was then used to reach consensus about the most important articles published in the last year.
Auxiliary‐Directed C(sp3)−H Arylation by Synergistic Photoredox and Palladium Catalysis (2017)

Herein we describe the auxiliary-directed arylation of unactivated C(sp<sup>3</sup> )-H bonds with aryldiazonium salts, which proceeds under synergistic photoredox and palladium catalysis. The site-selective arylation of aliphatic amides with α-quaternary centres is achieved with high selectivity for β-methyl C(sp<sup>3</sup> )-H bonds. This operationally simple method is compatible with carbocyclic amides, a range of aryldiazonium salts and proceeds at ambient conditions.
Tera-scale 1D FFT with low-communication algorithm and Intel® Xeon Phi™ coprocessors (2013)

This paper demonstrates the first tera-scale performance of Intel® Xeon Phi™ coprocessors on 1D FFT computations. Applying a disciplined performance programming methodology of sound algorithm choice, valid performance model, and well-executed optimizations, we break the tera-flop mark on a mere 64 nodes of Xeon Phi and reach 6.7 TFLOPS with 512 nodes, which is 1.5x than achievable on a same number of Intel® Xeon® nodes. It is a challenge to fully utilize the compute capability presented by many-core wide-vector processors for bandwidth-bound FFT computation. We leverage a new algorithm, Segment-of-Interest FFT, with low inter-node communication cost, and aggressively optimize data movements in node-local computations, exploiting caches. Our coordination of low communication algorithm and massively parallel architecture for scalable performance is not limited to running FFT on Xeon Phi; it can serve as a reference for other bandwidth-bound computations and for emerging HPC systems that are increasingly communication limited.
In-band pumped Ho^3+:KY_3F_10 2 μm laser (2013)

We report the first observation to our knowledge of room-temperature continuous-wave laser operation on the (5)I(7)→(5)I(8) transition of Ho(3+) ions in a KY(3)F(10) single crystal. Using a Tm-doped silica fiber laser operating at 1938 nm as a pump source, a maximum laser power of 1.8 W was obtained at a wavelength of ~2040 nm for 27 W of absorbed pump power with a slope efficiency of 19.1% with respect to absorbed power. At low cavity output coupling, the lasing wavelength shifted to 2060.5 nm. The beam propagation factor (M(2)) was measured to be <1.06 at the maximum output power, confirming fundamental transverse-mode (TEM(00)) operation. Performing a Caird analysis, we determined resonator round-trip losses and intrinsic slope efficiency of 30% and 43.8%, respectively.
Impact of Point Mutations on the Structure and Thermal Stability of Ribonuclease T1 in Aqueous Solution Probed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (1994)

We undertook a detailed comparative analysis of the infrared spectra of wild-type ribonuclease T1 and three mutants: two single mutants, Tyr-45-->Trp (Y45W) and Trp-59-->Tyr (W59Y), and a double mutant, Tyr-45-->Trp/Trp-59-->Tyr (Y45W/W59Y). These mutants were selected because they are known to affect the activity of the enzyme. The structural differences were evaluated by using peptide backbone and side-chain "marker" bands as conformation-sensitive monitors. All mutations lead to a decrease of the thermal transition temperature, though the mutation Tyr-45-->Trp affects the Tm to a lesser degree than the replacement of Trp-59 by Tyr, both in the single (W59Y) and in the double (Y45W/W59Y) mutant. Small changes in the protein backbone conformation and in the microenvironment of certain amino acids, induced by the point mutations, could be detected. In particular, we found subtle differences in the hydrogen bonding pattern of the beta-strands in the mutants W59Y and Y45W/W59Y, compared to that in wild-type RNase T1 and in the mutant Y45W. Practically identical spectra in the amide I region were obtained for the double mutant Y45W/W59Y and the single mutant W59Y, demonstrating that it is the change from Trp to Tyr in position 59 (located at the interface between the alpha-helix and a beta-strand) which affects the overall protein conformation. The mutation Tyr to Trp in position 45, on the other hand, has practically no impact on the polypeptide backbone conformation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker—a rational method for the internal quality of Chinese herbal medicine (2017)

In order to achieve the comprehensive quality control of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), the conventional practice of selecting a single marker for testing has been gradually replaced by the determination of multiple active components based on the characteristics of the synergistic interaction of CHM and applicability of sophisticated analytical techniques. However, with a huge number of CHM in the market and more complex preparations, the limited availability of various standard substances for quantitative analysis has been a major bottleneck in realizing the goal. To overcome these uprising problems, quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) was proposed and accepted as a new method to reflect the internal quality of CHM. In this review, the current knowledge about QAMS is systematically summarized, including the general content of QAMS, current status, and general procedure. Additionally, speculation is proposed about the future applications of QAMS approaches in the modernization and standardization of CHM.
Effects of Cold Exposure on Rat Adrenal Tyrosine Hydroxylase: An Analysis of RNA, Protein, Enzyme Activity, and Cofactor Levels (1990)

Long-term cold exposure (5-7 days) is known to induce concomitant increases in the levels of adrenomedullary tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) RNA, protein, and enzyme activity. In this report, we compare the time courses of these changes and investigate the effects of cold exposure on the levels of biopterin, the cofactor required for tyrosine hydroxylation. After only 1 h of cold exposure, TH mRNA abundance increased 71% compared with nonstressed controls. Increases in total cellular TH RNA levels were maximal (threefold over control values) within 3-6 h of cold exposure and remained elevated throughout the duration of the experiment (72 h). TH protein levels increased rapidly after 24 h of cold exposure and reached a maximal value threefold above that of controls at 48-72 h. Despite the relatively rapid and large elevations in TH RNA and protein content, only modest increases in TH activity were detected during the initial 48 h of cold exposure. Adrenomedullary biopterin increased rapidly after the onset of cold exposure, rising to a level approximately twofold that of the nonstressed controls at 24 h, and remained at this level throughout the duration of the stress period. Taken together, the results of this time course study indicate that cold-induced alterations in adrenal TH activity are mediated by multiple cellular control mechanisms, which may include pre- and posttranslational regulation. Our findings also suggest that cold stress-induced increases in the levels of the TH cofactor may represent another key event in the sympathoadrenal system's response to cold stress.