gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Anti-Inflammatory Role for Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Allergic Airway Inflammation (2009)

It was previously shown that administration of recombinant human Fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3 ligand (Flt3L) before allergen challenge of sensitized mice suppresses the cardinal features of asthma through unclear mechanisms. Here, we show that Flt3L dramatically alters the balance of conventional to plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the lung favoring the accumulation of pDCs. Selective removal of pDCs abolished the antiinflammatory effect of Flt3L, suggesting a regulatory role for these cells in ongoing asthmatic inflammation. In support, we found that immature pDCs are recruited to the lungs of allergen-challenged mice irrespective of Flt3L treatment. Selective removal of pDCs during allergen challenge enhanced airway inflammation, whereas adoptive transfer of cultured pDCs before allergen challenge suppressed inflammation. Experiments in which TLR9 agonist CpG motifs were administered in vitro or in vivo demonstrated that pDCs were antiinflammatory irrespective of their maturation state. These effects were mediated through programmed death-1/programmed death ligand 1 interactions, but not through ICOS ligand, IDO, or IFN-alpha. These findings suggest a specialized immunoregulatory role for pDCs in airway inflammation. Enhancing the antiinflammatory properties of pDCs could be employed as a novel strategy in asthma treatment.
Quorum Sensing and Virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa during Lung Infection of Cystic Fibrosis Patients (2010)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the predominant microorganism in chronic lung infection of cystic fibrosis patients. The chronic lung infection is preceded by intermittent colonization. When the chronic infection becomes established, it is well accepted that the isolated strains differ phenotypically from the intermittent strains. Dominating changes are the switch to mucoidity (alginate overproduction) and loss of epigenetic regulation of virulence such as the Quorum Sensing (QS). To elucidate the dynamics of P. aeruginosa QS systems during long term infection of the CF lung, we have investigated 238 isolates obtained from 152 CF patients at different stages of infection ranging from intermittent to late chronic. Isolates were characterized with regard to QS signal molecules, alginate, rhamnolipid and elastase production and mutant frequency. The genetic basis for change in QS regulation were investigated and identified by sequence analysis of lasR, rhlR, lasI and rhlI. The first QS system to be lost was the one encoded by las system 12 years (median value) after the onset of the lung infection with subsequent loss of the rhl encoded system after 17 years (median value) shown as deficiencies in production of the 3-oxo-C12-HSL and C4-HSL QS signal molecules respectively. The concomitant development of QS malfunction significantly correlated with the reduced production of rhamnolipids and elastase and with the occurrence of mutations in the regulatory genes lasR and rhlR. Accumulation of mutations in both lasR and rhlR correlated with development of hypermutability. Interestingly, a higher number of mucoid isolates were found to produce C4-HSL signal molecules and rhamnolipids compared to the non-mucoid isolates. As seen from the present data, we can conclude that P. aeruginosa and particularly the mucoid strains do not lose the QS regulation or the ability to produce rhamnolipids until the late stage of the chronic infection.
Resonant properties of terahertz metamaterials of sub-skin-depth thicknesses (2008)

Optically thin terahertz metamaterials made from Pb split-ring resonators are investigated. The LC resonance emerges at a critical metal thickness near 0.15 skin depth and exhibits a characteristic evolution with increasing thicknesses at sub-skin-depth level.
Reflection Coefficient Transformations for Phase-Shift Circuits (1980)

It is shown how switchable one-port circuits having two impedance states may be transformed so as to exhibit reflection coefficients which have a prescribed phase angle difference and equal magnitude in the two states. In reflection-type phase shifters, arbitrary phase shift may be obtained without change of signal amplitude. The reflection properties are achieved by the use of an impedance-transforming two-port network. Design equations and an example are given.
Optimization for Rotor Blades of Tandem Design for Axial Flow Compressors (1980)

The tandem cascades investigated consist of two retarding cascades closely arranged behind one another. The influences of the flow interference for the pressure distribution at the profiles, for the losses and the outlet angle are discussed. Various cascade configurations are theoretically and experimentally investigated to find out the optimum range of the axial spacing and for the displacement in circumferential direction. An example shows how rotor blades of tandem design can be optimized for minimal profile losses. The aim is to find the optimum configuration for each of the design sections of the rotor blades. A further condition is to avoid additional bending stresses due to centrifugal forces, so that tandem rotor blades can run with relatively high speed.
The Marketing System of the Manila International Container Terminal (1992)

Studies the marketing system of the Manila International Container Terminal (MICT) in the Philippines. The data collection methods comprised overseas trips to carry out unstructured field observation and interviews, a nine‐item structured questionnaire, and unobtrusive measures from Government statistical publications in four different countries. In the data‐analysis process, the questionnaire data were used to rank the importance of services required by major shipping lines in order to formulate the appropriate marketing strategy. The Government statistics data were used to test a hypothesis that Manila is more cost‐effective as a transshipment centre compared with three other major Asian ports. Testing of the hypothesis was based on the theory of General Equilibrium. A response rate of 60 per cent was obtained from the 30 mailed questionnaires. Finds that the most important services required by the major shipping lines were: (1) berth availability, (2) efficient operation, (3) cost. On the transshipment economics analysis, the alternative hypothesis: It is more cost‐effective to use Manila as a transshipment centre compared with Hong Kong, Kaohsiung and Singapore, was found to be sustained. Notes, however, that, although Manila is found to be the most cost‐effective on the whole system, Singapore is the cheapest, when considering stevedoring cost only, while Hong Kong is the cheapest when considering port charges and vessel‐steaming cost. On the whole, the existing marketing strategy of MICT, as observed during the various trips, was found to be sound and well‐justified. Nevertheless, makes recommendations, based on the findings in this study, aimed at increasing berth availability, ensuring efficient operation and being cost‐competitive and effective.
Phylogeny-based tumor subclone identification using a Bayesian feature allocation model (2019)

Tumor cells acquire different genetic alterations during the course of evolution in cancer patients. As a result of competition and selection, only a few subgroups of cells with distinct genotypes survive. These subgroups of cells are often referred to as subclones. In recent years, many statistical and computational methods have been developed to identify tumor subclones, leading to biologically significant discoveries and shedding light on tumor progression, metastasis, drug resistance and other processes. However, most existing methods are either not able to infer the phylogenetic structure among subclones, or not able to incorporate copy number variations (CNV). In this article, we propose SIFA (tumor Subclone Identification by Feature Allocation), a Bayesian model which takes into account both CNV and tumor phylogeny structure to infer tumor subclones. We compare the performance of SIFA with two other commonly used methods using simulation studies with varying sequencing depth, evolutionary tree size, and tree complexity. SIFA consistently yields better results in terms of Rand Index and cellularity estimation accuracy. The usefulness of SIFA is also demonstrated through its application to whole genome sequencing (WGS) samples from four patients in a breast cancer study.
Agavins Increase Neurotrophic Factors and Decrease Oxidative Stress in the Brains of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice (2016)

Agavins may act as bioactive ingredients with antioxidant and protective roles in the brain.
Intramedullary Nailing of the Lower Extremity: Biomechanics and Biology (2007)

The intramedullary nail or rod is commonly used for long-bone fracture fixation and has become the standard treatment of most long-bone diaphyseal and selected metaphyseal fractures. To best understand use of the intramedullary nail, a general knowledge of nail biomechanics and biology is helpful. These implants are introduced into the bone remote to the fracture site and share compressive, bending, and torsional loads with the surrounding osseous structures. Intramedullary nails function as internal splints that allow for secondary fracture healing. Like other metallic fracture fixation implants, a nail is subject to fatigue and can eventually break if bone healing does not occur. Intrinsic characteristics that affect nail biomechanics include its material properties, cross-sectional shape, anterior bow, and diameter. Extrinsic factors, such as reaming of the medullary canal, fracture stability (comminution), and the use and location of locking bolts also affect fixation biomechanics. Although reaming and the insertion of intramedullary nails can have early deleterious effects on endosteal and cortical blood flow, canal reaming appears to have several positive effects on the fracture site, such as increasing extraosseous circulation, which is important for bone healing.
Antimicrobial Compounds from Petalostemum purpureum (1993)

EtOH extracts of Petalostemum purpureum demonstrated antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. Bioassay-directed fractionation led to the isolation of petalostemumol [1] as the active constituent. Its structure was determined by a single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. A minor component designated petalostemumol G [3] is believed to be an artifact of the isolation procedure. Its structure was confirmed by a single crystal X-ray analysis of its pentamethylether 2. A number of derivatives of 1 and 3, including the Me- and benzylethers and acetates, were prepared.
The serine protease plasmin plays detrimental roles in epithelial sodium channel activation and podocyte injury in Dahl salt-sensitive rats (2022)

Salt-sensitive hypertension is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in the kidney plays pivotal roles in sodium reabsorption and blood pressure regulation, in which its γ subunit is activated by extracellular serine proteases. In proteinuric nephropathies, plasmin filtered through injured glomeruli reportedly activates γENaC in the distal nephron and causes podocyte injury. We previously reported that Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats fed a high-salt (HS) diet developed hypertension and proteinuria along with γENaC activation and that a synthetic serine protease inhibitor, camostat mesilate, mitigated these changes. However, the role of plasmin in DS rats remained unclear. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between plasmin and hypertension as well as podocyte injury and the effects of plasmin inhibitors in DS rats. Five-week-old DS rats were divided into normal-salt diet, HS diet, and HS+plasmin inhibitor (either tranexamic acid [TA] or synthetic plasmin inhibitor YO-2) groups. After blood pressure measurement and 24 h urine collection over 5 weeks, rats were sacrificed for biochemical analyses. The HS group displayed severe hypertension and proteinuria together with activation of plasmin in urine and γENaC in the kidney, which was significantly attenuated by YO-2 but not TA. YO-2 inhibited the attachment of plasmin(ogen) to podocytes and alleviated podocyte injury by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammatory/profibrotic cytokines. YO-2 also suppressed upregulation of protease-activated receptor-1 and phosphorylated ERK1/2. These results indicate an important role of plasmin in the development of salt-sensitive hypertension and related podocyte injury, suggesting plasmin inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy.
Algorithms and semantic infrastructure for mutation impact extraction and grounding (2010)

We address the problem of access to legacy mutation data in unstructured form through the creation of novel mutation impact extraction methods which are evaluated on a corpus of full-text articles on haloalkane dehalogenases, tagged by domain experts. Our approaches show state of the art levels of precision and recall for Mutation Grounding and respectable level of precision but lower recall for the task of Mutant-Impact relation extraction. The system is deployed using text mining and semantic web technologies with the goal of publishing to a broad spectrum of consumers.
Progression of Myopic Maculopathy in Highly Myopic Chinese Eyes (2019)

Myopic maculopathy progressed in approximately 15% of highly myopic eyes over a 2-year period. Further studies with longer follow up periods are required to confirm identified risk factors for progression.
Electrolytic Reduction of Spent Nuclear Oxide Fuel as Part of an Integral Process to Separate and Recover Actinides from Fission Products (2006)

Abstract Bench‐scale tests were performed to study an electrolytic reduction process that converts metal oxides in spent nuclear fuel to metal. Crushed spent oxide fuel was loaded into a permeable stainless steel basket and submerged in a molten salt electrolyte of LiCl–1 wt% Li2O at 650°C. An electrical current was passed through the fuel basket and a submerged platinum wire, effecting the reduction of metal oxides in the fuel and the formation of oxygen gas on the platinum wire surface. Salt and fuel samples were analyzed, and the extent of fission product separation and metal oxide reduction was determined.
Exhaled nitric oxide in single and repetitive prolonged exercise (2006)

This study was performed to determine the influence of single and repetitive exercise on nitric oxide (NO) concentration in the lung. Exhaled NO concentration (FE(NO)) was measured during a constant-flow exhalation manoeuvre (170 ml x s(-1), against a 10 cmH2O resistance) in healthy individuals (a) during and after a 100-min square-wave exercise of between 25 and 60% of maximal power output (n = 18) and (b) before and after five successive prolonged exercises (90-120 min, 75-85% of maximal heart rate) separated by 48 or 24 h (n = 8). The FE(NO0.170) was decreased during and after the 100-min exercise test (mean +/- s(x): 58.5 +/- 3.7% and 76.7 +/- 5.2% of resting value at 90 min of exercise and 15 min post-exercise, respectively; P < 0.05). The five successive exercise sessions induced a similar post-exercise FE(NO0.170) decrement (73.1 +/- 2.9% of resting value 15 min post-exercise), while basal FE(NO0.170) values were not different between the five sessions (P > 0.05). These results suggest that prolonged exercise induces a reduction in NO concentration within the lung that lasts for several minutes after the end of exercise. However, repetitive exercises (at least every 24 h) allow complete NO recovery from one session to another. The implication of such a decrease in NO availability within the lung remains to be clarified.
THE CONFIGURATION OF STENDOMYCIDINE (1970)

The absolute configuration of stendomycidine (I), a constituent of the peptide antibiotic stendomycin, was determined. Optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) measurements showed the configuration at the α-carbon atom to be that of an L-amino acid. Degradation of stendomycidine with N-bromosuccinimide yielded 2-methylimino-3-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (II), a compound with only one center of asymmetry. A comparison of the ORD spectrum of compound II with that of 2-imino-hexahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (III), prepared from authentic L-α, γ-diaminobutyric acid, showed that the second center of asymmetry also has the L-configuration. Hence, the L-erythro configuration was assigned to stendomycidine. Comparison of the nmr spectra of stendomycidine and capreomycidine added some additional support to the above assignment.
Lotus Notes Release 4 for Dummies Quick Reference (1996)

From the Publisher:
Lotus Notes can do wonders for your workgroup's collaborative process -- from helping you keep in touch to affording access to important databases. With Lotus Notes Release 4 For Dummies Quick Reference, you have a handy reference that's complete yet compact enough to tuck into your briefcase when you're out on the road. Here, you find ready-to-use instructions for performing hundreds of common and not-so-common Lotus Notes functions -- including managing e-mail, creating and accessing databases, interfacing with the World Wide Web, and integrating Lotus Notes with the other software applications you depend on. Best of all, this information is right at your fingertips -- so you can spend your time using Lotus Notes, not learning how to use it.
A biomechanical study of the medial row tightening on stability of single stitch suture-bridge construct (2022)

A suture-bridge construct with the non-post limb preserved and the post limb cut at a 4 mm distance from the knot provides with the best security. Sutures are safer than tapes in suture bridge.
Sorption and diffusion of toluene in isotropic and oriented linear polyethylene (1985)

Abstract Sorption and diffusion of toluene vapor in linear polyethylene with mass‐fraction crystallinity between 0.48 and 0.82 and draw ratios λ up to 10 have been studied at 30°C. The sorbed concentration in the amorphous phase C a is little affected by crystallinity, indicating that the free‐volume fraction is roughly the same for all isotropic samples. However, the diffusion path becomes more tortuous with increasing crystalline content, thereby leading to a sixfold drop in the zero‐concentration diffusion coefficient D 0 . Drawing has more drastic effects, reducing C a and D 0 by factors of 4 and 60, respectively, as λ increases to 10. These large changes result from the transformation of the initially spherulitic material into a fibrous structure, which is composed of aligned microfibrils with taut tie molecules lying on the outer boundaries. The effects of crystallinity and orientation on the concentration dependence of the diffusion coefficient are also discussed.
Crosstrack profiles of thin film MR tape heads using the azimuth displacement method (1996)

We report a new technique for measurement of crosstrack profiles of magnetoresistive (MR) read elements in tape heads. This method minimizes errors due to tape tracking and quickly delivers crosstrack profiles with good signal-to-noise ratios. In this technique the read element is located downstream from the write head in a typical tape head configuration. AC erased tape is passed over the head and the write head is turned on. The profile of the read element is scanned by changing the lateral position of the read element relative to the write head by varying the azimuth angle between the head and tape with a positioner. Offtrack position is calculated from the linear displacement of the positioner used to generate the azimuth angle. The measurement technique is well suited for characterizing MR read heads for tape servo applications and for examining performance reliability and repeatability.
How to Estimate the Conversion of Catalytic First Order Reaction in the Fluidized Bed (1965)

流動層において非吸着性および吸着性ガスをトレーサーとし, その応答曲線を解析して接触時間の分布関数を求め, これと別個の固定層により求めた速度定数とを用いて流動層における不均一相系一次反応の反応転化率を推算する方法を提案した。管径3''の流動層でアセトニトルルの接触合成とクメソの気相接触分解反応について検証した結果, 上配の推算値と実測反応転化率はよく一致し. この新方法の妥当性が実証された。
Physiological Concentrations of Glucocorticoids Stimulate Formation of Bone Nodules from Isolated Rat Calvaria Cellsin Vitro (1987)

Isolated rat calvaria cells plated at low density in medium supplemented with ascorbic acid and organic phosphate form discrete three-dimensional mineralized nodules having the characteristics of bone. We have studied the effects of glucocorticoids on the formation of bone nodules by these cell populations. Cells isolated from 21-day-old fetal rat calvaria were maintained in vitro for up to 27 days. Dexamethasone (Dex) induced a dose-related increase in the number of nodules formed, with a peak at 10 nM and a half-maximal response at about 1 nM. Dex (10 nM) also significantly increased the size of bone nodules formed (P less than 0.002). High concentrations of Dex (1 microM) did not increase nodule number. In cells in primary culture maintained in medium containing 10 nM Dex, the increase in nodule number was 50-100% over the control value. The effect of Dex was much greater in first subculture cells, where the number of nodules was 600-800% higher than the control value. Dishes collected and quantitated from 12-27 days showed that nodule formation ceased between 15 and 18 days in cultures without Dex, whereas in the presence of Dex the number of nodules increased up to 27 days. Addition of 10 nM Dex only during specific periods resulted in significantly more nodules than in control cultures, but significantly fewer nodules than in cultures constantly exposed to Dex. Cell population doubling times during log phase growth were unaltered, but a significant increase in saturation density (P less than 0.001) was observed with 10 nM Dex. Hydrocortisone also caused an increase in the number of nodules formed, with a maximal effect of 50 nM and a half-maximal response at 8 nM. The results indicate that physiological levels of glucocorticoids stimulate bone nodule formation in long term cell culture by increasing the number of cells forming bone nodules and that maximization of the stimulatory effect of glucocorticoids on bone formation may require constant exposure to low levels of the hormone.
Are Peripheral Blood Cells From Patients With Alzheimer Disease More Sensitive to Apoptotic Stimuli? (2002)

One of the reasons for the increased susceptibility to infections in patients with Alzheimer disease may be enhanced apoptotic death of their peripheral leukocytes. If this is the case, the enhanced apoptosis may be due to components in the patients' sera or to an increased sensitivity of the cells to apoptotic stimuli. To examine this possibility, the percentage of apoptotic cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 12 patients with Alzheimer disease was compared with that of 12 age-matched non-demented persons and 12 middle-aged healthy control subjects. In addition, the effect of sera from subjects in the three groups on the apoptosis, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha production by peripheral blood cells from healthy control subjects was examined. It was found that the percentage of apoptotic PBMC from patients with Alzheimer disease was higher than that from the remaining two groups. However, incubation of control cells with sera from patients with Alzheimer disease and non-demented elderly persons did not affect the number of apoptotic cells. Sera from patients with Alzheimer disease and non-demented elderly subjects caused an increase in IL-2 and a decrease in IL-10 production by PBMC from middle-aged control subjects but did not affect IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNFalpha secretion, indicating alterations of the immune system related to aging.