gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Physical Characterization of a Polysaccharidic Gel for the Vehiculation of an Insoluble Phytoextract for Mucosal Application (2022)

Maintaining insoluble plant-based ingredients in suspension and ensuring long-term physical stability is particularly challenging for formulators of green cosmetics. This study aimed to evaluate the structure and applicative properties of gel and gel-cream topical formulations suitable for delivering an insoluble phytocomplex on the vaginal mucosa and maintaining its integrity. For this purpose, we studied the compatibility of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton phytocomplex (PFP), derived from in vitro plant cell cultures and presented as a powder finely dispersed in glycerin, with different classes of natural rheological modifiers (such as xanthan gum, sclerotium gum, succinoglycan, xyloglucan, diutan gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum derivative) in gel and gel-cream formulations, to meet the needs of the cosmetic market for naturalness and biodegradability. Through rheological and texture analyses, we studied the physico–mechanical properties of the samples, comparing the performances of the chosen polysaccharides to those of acrylic polymeric rheological modifiers, evaluating their contribution in terms of stability and applicative properties. Since a weak-gel rheological pattern proved to be the optimal one to keep the actives in suspension, the associations of tamarind seed polysaccharides with succinoglycan or scleroglucan were the most suitable for the formulation of mucoadhesive gels.
Examining the effect of design for additive manufacturing rule presentation on part redesign quality (2020)

The main goal of this research is to understand how design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) rule presentation affects a designer’s ability to utilise those rules. To that end a pair of studies were carried out. The first study was conducted with industry engineers and designers, while the second study was conducted with students at a university. For both studies, four DfAM design rules for fused deposition modelling (FDM) were chosen, relating to overhangs, planar surfaces, accessible support structures, and part size. Each rule was presented in four different modalities: text only, text with illustration, text with industry example, and text with 3D printed example. Each rule presentation included a justification, and all but the text-only presentation included a ‘desirable’ and ‘undesirable’ design example for the rule. Four part redesign problems were given, and the resulting redesigns were then rated on both novelty and quality. Results indicate that although there are no differences in quality and novelty scores between modalities, the text only rules were perceived to be the most difficult to understand. Furthermore, a comparison between the professionals and the students showed that the professionals created higher novelty redesigns. These results have several implications in the field of DfAM education.
Supplement Figure S5 from Aromatase Inhibitor–Mediated Downregulation of INrf2 (Keap1) Leads to Increased Nrf2 and Resistance in Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplement Figure S5. Model showing AI-mediated down regulation of INrf2 led to increased Nrf2 and drug resistance.&lt;/p&gt;
Probabilistic Ontologies for Multi-INT Fusion (2010)

Systems are increasingly required to fuse data from geographically dispersed, heterogeneous information sources to produce up-to-date, mission-relevant results. These products focus not only on traditional military forces and systems, but to an increasing degree also on non-traditional combatants and their social networks. Successful multi-INT fusion requires that the constituent systems interoperate not just at the level of syntax and formats, but also at the level of semantics. Ontologies are vital enablers for semantic interoperability. Because uncertainty is a fundamental aspect of multi-INT fusion, lack of support for uncertainty is a major limitation of current-generation ontology formalisms. Probabilistic OWL (PR-OWL) extends the OWL Web Ontology Language to enable the construction of probabilistic ontologies. Ontologies constructed in PR-OWL can represent complex patterns of evidential relationships among uncertain hypotheses. Recently, a system for specifying and reasoning with PR-OWL ontologies has been released in beta version. This paper describes the PR-OWL ontology language, the probabilistic logic on which it is based, and the reasoning system implementation. A hypothetical case study in the counterterrorism domain illustrates the capabilities of PR-OWL.
Stress Gradient Induced Strain Localization in Metals: High Resolution Strain Cross Sectioning via Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction (2008)

Strain localization in the presence of a stress gradient is a phenomenon common to many systems described by continuum mechanics. Variations of this complex phenomenon lead to interesting nonlinear effects in materials/engineering science as well as in other fields. Here, the synchrotron based energy dispersive x-ray diffraction (EDXRD) technique is used for high spatial resolution profiling of both compression and tension induced strain localization in important materials/engineering problems. Specifically, compression induced strain localization in shot peened materials and tension induced strain localization in the plastic zones adjoining the faces of a fatigue crack are profiled. The utility of the EDXRD synchrotron technique for nondestructively cross-sectioning strain variations on small length scales (down to 10–20μm) is described. While the strain field profiling relies on the shift of the Bragg lines, the data show that plastic deformation regions can also consistently be seen in the broadening of the Bragg peaks through the full width at half maximum parameter. Quantitative correlations between the synchrotron based x-ray determined deformations and surface deformations, as measured by optical surface height profiling, are also made.
Study of the Reconciliation Mechanism of NewHope. (2020)

The latest advances in quantum computing forced the NIST to launch an initiative for selecting quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithms. One of the best-known proposals is NewHope, an algorithm that was initially designed as a key-exchange algorithm. In its original design, NewHope presented a reconciliation mechanism that is complex and represents an entry barrier for potential implementers. This contribution presents equivalent schemes in one, two, and three dimensions, which allow anyone to make the transition to the four-dimension NewHope algorithm easier to undertake.
A Contribution to the Flora of Bori Reserve Forests, Hoshangabad District, Madhya Pradesh (1963)

The study of the flora of Bori Reserve Forests, Hoshangabad District, Madhya Pradah has been undertaken during the years 1960 and 1961. The area stretches between 77°45' to 78°30' E. long. and 22°15' to 22°30' N. lat. on the southern slopes ef Satpura range. As a result of three seasonal visits 432 taxa belonging to 317 genera of 92 families could be collected and studied. The flora presents a typical dry deciduous type of vegetation without any change in the main components throughout. Some of the common species of plants in this forest are Anogeissus latifolia, Adina cordifolia, Aegle marmelos, Diospyros melanoxylon, Grewia tiliaefolia, Buchanania lanzan, Helicteres isora, Celastrus paniculata, Baliospermum montanum and Emblica officinalis . The area under study lacks in hydrophytic vegetation as there is hardly any perennial natural water source. Similarly orchids and ferns are also rare.
Through-Plane Thermal Conductivity of PEMFC Porous Transport Layers (2010)

We report the through-plane thermal conductivities of the several widely used carbon porous transport layers (PTLs) and their thermal contact resistance to an aluminum polarization plate. We report these values both for wet and dry samples and at different compaction pressures. We show that depending on the type of PTL and the existence of residual water, the thermal conductivity of the materials varies from 0.15 W K−1 m−1 to 1.6 W K−1 m−1, one order of magnitude. This behavior is the same for the contact resistance varying from 0.8 m2 K W−1 to 11×10−4 m2 K W−1. For dry PTLs, the thermal conductivity decreases with increasing polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) content and increases with residual water. These effects are explained by the behavior of air, water, and PTFE in between the PTL fibers. It is also found that Toray papers of differing thickness exhibit different thermal conductivities.
Fast Fourier Intrinsic Network (2020)

We address the problem of decomposing an image into albedo and shading. We propose the Fast Fourier Intrinsic Network, FFI-Net in short, that operates in the spectral domain, splitting the input into several spectral bands. Weights in FFI-Net are optimized in the spectral domain, allowing faster convergence to a lower error. FFI-Net is lightweight and does not need auxiliary networks for training. The network is trained end-to-end with a novel spectral loss which measures the global distance between the network prediction and corresponding ground truth. FFI-Net achieves state-of-the-art performance on MPI-Sintel, MIT Intrinsic, and IIW datasets.
Scaling of the temperature dependent Hall effect inLa2−xSrxCuO4 (1994)

A new aspect of the charge dynamics in layered metallic cuprates has been discovered in the study of the in-plane Hall coefficient (${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{H}}$) in ${\mathrm{La}}_{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{\mathit{x}}$ over a wide temeprature (4--500 K) and composition (0x0.35) range. The strongly temperature dependent ${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{H}}$, a hallmark of cuprate superconductors, is found to be the low temperature part of a simple functional form f(T/${\mathit{T}}^{\mathrm{*}}$) which becomes constant for T&gt;${\mathit{T}}^{\mathrm{*}}$. This form, followed for x\ensuremath{\ge}0.15, has a characteristic temperature ${\mathit{T}}^{\mathrm{*}}$ which is high at the optimal composition (x=0.15) and decreases with increasing Sr concentration, similar to a temperature scale deduced from magnetic susceptibility.
Electrically modifiable nonvolatile synapses for neural networks (2003)

The realization of an electronic element to simulate the synaptic interconnect in an electronic neural system is addressed. The basic interconnect or weight is an electrically reprogrammable, nonvolatile, analog conductance for the adaptive (modifiable) synapse. This weight is formed with a multidielectric, SONOS memory transistor which may be programmed at 5-V levels compatible with CMOS VLSI technology. The attractive features of this synaptic weight are its low power dissipation, small size, low voltage programmability, wide dynamic range, and ability to mimic biological synapses with respect to memory retention. Also addressed is the incorporation of the basic electronic synapse into a Widrow-Hoff delta-rule algorithm to study the electrical characteristics of this synthetic element in a single-level adaptive linear neuron. The combination of synaptic weights and a control algorithm provides a means to examine a basic functional neural building block for neural networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Nemesis (2015)

Abstract The term “nemesis,” today used to describe a punitive or retributive justice, the inevitable agent of a downfall, goes back to the cult of the goddess Nemesis in Greek and Roman times, when she signified the balancing power between order and disorder from Greek moral concepts to the arena of Roman amphitheaters.
Gas chromatographic-light microscopic correlative analysis of excimer laser photoablation of cardiovascular tissues: evidence for a thermal mechanism. (1987)

The present series of experiments used gas chromatography to identify vapor-phase photoproducts liberated during excimer laser irradiation of cardiovascular tissues in air and blood. In air, laser beams produced from ArF (193 nm) and XeF (351 nm) excimer laser gas mixtures were delivered to samples of myocardium and atherosclerotic coronary arterial segments through the wall of a quartz cell, using 8-40 mJ/pulse. In blood, 351 nm were delivered via an optical fiber, using 14 mJ/pulse. When the experiments were performed using an air-tissue interface, the dominant photoproducts identified in order of elution from the gas chromatographic column were methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propyne, allene, propylene, propane, and butene. When a fiberoptic was used to accomplish 351-nm excimer laser tissue ablation in a blood field, a similar gas chromatographic spectral distribution was observed. These vapor-phase photoproducts are indistinguishable from those observed following continuous wave laser irradiation or flame torching of cardiovascular tissues. Thus, despite the fact that excimer laser ablation of cardiovascular tissues is characterized by the absence of signs of thermal injury, the results of these experiments suggest that the predominant mechanism of excimer ablation is, like continuous-wave laser irradiation, a thermal process.
POSTER: Passwords on flexible display devices (2013)

Flexible display devices allow users to interact with the device by deforming the surface of the display to trigger a command. When these devices become mainstream, for example as smart phones, e-readers, or tablets, they will require a means of authenticating legitimate users. In this poster, we present an authentication scheme for flexible display devices, its implementation on a flexible display prototype and an ongoing user study evaluating the usability and security of our system.
A High-Performance Multi-Match Priority Encoder for TCAM-Based Packet Classifiers (2007)

This paper introduces a high-speed and low power multi-match priority encoder design applicable in many computer and networking systems. We propose a scalable multi-match prioritizer logic circuitry that can successively find all or the first r matched inputs in a set. The design is well suited for multi-match packet classification tasks that utilize content addressable memories as the search engine. We use a data partitioning scheme to efficiently reorganize input data for further performance improvement. A VLSI implementation of our design in 0.18μm technology can achieve speed that outperforms the conventional multi-match packet classifier design by more than an order of magnitude. Overall power consumption is reduced by more than 40% using innovative partitioning which limits the search to a small portion of TCAM cells.
A Least-Squares Estimation Approach to Improving the Precision of Inverse Dynamics Computations (1998)

A least-squares approach to computing inverse dynamics is proposed. The method utilizes equations of motion for a multi-segment body, incorporating terms for ground reaction forces and torques. The resulting system is overdetermined at each point in time, because kinematic and force measurements outnumber unknown torques, and may be solved using weighted least squares to yield estimates of the joint torques and joint angular accelerations that best match measured data. An error analysis makes it possible to predict error magnitudes for both conventional and least-squares methods. A modification of the method also makes it possible to reject constant biases such as those arising from misalignment of force plate and kinematic measurement reference frames. A benchmark case is presented, which demonstrates reductions in joint torque errors on the order of 30 percent compared to the conventional Newton-Euler method, for a wide range of noise levels on measured data. The advantages over the Newton-Euler method include making best use of all available measurements, ability to function when less than a full complement of ground reaction forces is measured, suppression of residual torques acting on the top-most body segment, and the rejection of constant biases in data.
A hybrid knowledge representation as a basis of requirement specification and specification analysis (1992)

A formal requirement specification language, the frame-and-rule oriented requirement specification language FRORL, developed to facilitate the specification, analysis, and development of a software system is presented. The surface syntax of FRORL is based on the concepts of frames and production rules that may bear hierarchical relationships to each other, relying on multiple inheritance. To provide thorough semantic foundations, FRORL is based on a nonmonotonic variant of Horn-clause logic. Using the machinery of Horn-clause logic, various properties of a FRORL specification can be analyzed. Among the external properties of FRORL are formality, object-orientedness, and a wide spectrum of life cycle phases. Intrinsic properties are modularity, provision for incremental development, inheritance, refinement, reusability, prototyping, and executability. A software development environment based on FRORL has been implemented using the C language on a Sun workstation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Using Small Business Banking Data for Explainable Credit Risk Scoring (2020)

Machine learning applied to financial transaction records can predict how likely a small business is to repay a loan. For this purpose we compared a traditional scorecard credit risk model against various machine learning models and found that XGBoost with monotonic constraints outperformed scorecard model by 7% in K-S statistic. To deploy such a machine learning model in production for loan application risk scoring it must comply with lending industry regulations that require lenders to provide understandable and specific reasons for credit decisions. Thus we also developed a loan decision explanation technique based on the ideas of WoE and SHAP. Our research was carried out using a historical dataset of tens of thousands of loans and millions of associated financial transactions. The credit risk scoring model based on XGBoost with monotonic constraints and SHAP explanations described in this paper have been deployed by QuickBooks Capital to assess incoming loan applications since July 2019.
Fast Encoding Method for Vector Quantization Based on a New Mixed Pyramid Data Structure (2006)

VQ is a famous signal compression method. The encoding speed of VQ is a key problem for its practical application. In principle, the high dimension of a vector makes it very expensive computationally to find the best-matched template in a codebook for an input vector by Euclidean distance. As a result, many fast search methods have been developed in previous works based on statistical features (i.e. mean, variance or L/sub 2/ norm) or multi-resolution representation (i.e. various pyramid data structures) of a vector to deal with this computational complexity problem. Therefore, how to use them optimally in terms of a small memory requirement and a little computational overhead becomes very important. This paper proposes to combine both the 2-PM sum pyramid and (n/spl times/n)-PM variance pyramid of a vector to construct a new mixed pyramid data structure, which only requires (k+1) memories for a k-dimensional vector. Experimental results confirmed that the encoding efficiency by using this mixed pyramid outperforms the previous works significantly.
Optimization method of edge shot yield for various wafer layouts (2004)

Transfer of a layer layout from a reticle onto a photoresist-covered wafer using stepper exposure systems, can prove to be a challenging process to handle. This task becomes even more challenging when reaching the backend stages of the process, where the wafer topography variations at the wafer edge reach their maximum values. In advanced processes, where superposition of the exposure system focus plane and the wafer plane is critical, the focus is measured for every field before exposure is carried out, and the focus position of the exposure tool corrected. This can become complicated when the wafer edge is approached, and the focusing system measures a point or points, which do not represent the majority of the field plane. The outcome of the above can be an out of focus field exposure, resulting in feature degradation on the wafer, which in turn will be translated directly to wafer yield loss. The aim of this paper is to describe the achievement of yield optimization on various wafer layouts through the evaluation of various stepper focus algorithms, verification systems used to check the effectiveness of the fix, the follow-up table concept used for ease of fix validation, and eventually, the probe yield results of the chosen focus algorithm compared to those achieved prior to the optimization.
A Machine Learning Approach for Wear Monitoring of End Mill by Self-Powering Wireless Sensor Nodes (2021)

There are many tool condition monitoring solutions that use a variety of sensors. This paper presents a self-powering wireless sensor node for shank-type rotating tools and a method for real-time end mill wear monitoring. The novelty of the developed and patented sensor node is that the longitudinal oscillations, which directly affect the intensity of the energy harvesting, are significantly intensified due to the helical grooves cut onto the conical surface of the tool holder horn. A wireless transmission of electrical impulses from the capacitor is proposed, where the collected electrical energy is charged and discharged when a defined potential is reached. The frequency of the discharge pulses is directly proportional to the wear level of the tool and, at the same time, to the surface roughness of the workpiece. By employing these measures, we investigate the support vector machine (SVM) approach for wear level prediction.
Original Paper : In Vitro and In Vivo Biocompatibility of r-ray Crosslinked Gelatin-Poly(vinyl Alcohol) Hydrogels (2009)

Previously cross-linked hydrogels for three dimensional scaffold were made from a mixture of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) and gelatin using a 60Co r-ray irradiation technique. These hydrogels exhibited desirable physical properties as the 3D constructs for diploid cell cultures. The cell adhesion in the hydrogels increased upon increasing the gelatin content. In addition, the cells cultured in gelatin containing hydrogels showed the improved spreading ability and growth ratio. As a continuation study, biocompatibility profiles of gelatin-poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels were investigated in vitro and in vivo, in accordance with the ISO 10993-5. Test results were cpmapred to polyurethane(PU) as a positive control and low-density poly ethylene(LDPE) as a negative control.Although the results have small differences with respect to the gelatin contents, all samples showed negligible toxicity to the cells and tissues.
Gene of the month: PRPF31 (2017)

Pre-mRNA splicing is an essential process in eukaryotic cells where the transcribed intronic sequences are removed, prior to translation into protein. PRPF31 is a ubiquitously expressed splicing factor, which aids in the assembly of the macromolecular spliceosome. Mutations in <i>PRPF31</i> cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP), a form of retinal degeneration that causes progressive visual impairment. Interestingly, mutations in <i>PRPF31</i> are non-penetrant, with some mutation carriers being phenotypically unaffected. In this review, the gene organisation, protein structure and biological function of PRPF31 are discussed, and the mechanisms of non-penetrance in <i>PRPF31</i>-associated adRP are discussed.
The amino acid sequence of ferredoxin from the red alga Porphyra umbilicalis (1978)

The amino acid sequence of the ferrodoxin of Porphyra umbilicalis was determined by the dansyl-phenyl isothiocyanate method, on peptides obtained by tryptic, chymotryptic and thermolytic digestion of the protein or its CNBr-cleavage fragments. The molecule consists of 98 residues, has an unblocked N-terminus and shows considerable similarity with other plant-type ferredoxins. It is the first reported sequence of a red-algal ferredoxin.