gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selection of Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage in Solar Air Conditioning Systems (2017)

The selection of Phase change materials (PCMs) is crucial in the design of Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage (LHTES) system in solar air conditioning applications. This study performs a systematic selection procedure of PCMs for LHTES in a typical solar air conditioning system. Comprising prescreening, ranking and objective function examination based on multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) tools, this procedure is able to reflect the system goals of LHTES, as well as to take into account designer's subjectivity. Results indicate the proposed approach to be a highly applicable and efficient tool in the LHTES design process.
The Cambrian–Ordovician succession at Lanna, Sweden: stratigraphy and depositional environments; pp. 133–148 (2018)

A ca 20Â m thick succession of upper Furongian (Cambrian Stage 10) through Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) strata exposed at Lanna, in the province of NÃ¤rke, south-central Sweden, is described. The upper Furongian is represented by the Alum Shale Formation and reflects an overall shallowing trend that ultimately resulted in emergence above sea level and subaerial conditions. Hence, as in most other areas in south-central Sweden, the boundary between the Cambrian and the Ordovician is marked by a prominent disconformity and significant hiatus. In NÃ¤rke, the hiatus spans the middle Stage 10 through the uppermost Tremadocian or lowermost Floian. The presence of stromatolites indicates quite shallow marine conditions during the latest Cambrian. The Ordovician succession is characterized by flatly bedded âorthoceratite limestoneâ, belonging to the âLatorpâ, âLannaâ and âHolenâ limestones (âtopoformationsâ). Widely varying microfacies characteristics in the âorthoceratite limestoneâ suggest that the depositional environment underwent substantial changes through time, largely due to changes in sea level. A long-term trend of coarsening carbonate textures and more diverse fossil assemblages is seen upwards through the Ordovician succession. Cyclic microfacies patterns probably reflect high-frequency sea-level changes. Comparisons to other parts of Sweden and Baltoscandia reveal consistent patterns in the sedimentary development across a wide geographical area.
Gas chromatographic determination of oxygen in iron and steels (1970)

不活性ガス融解法による金属中のガス分析に対して,近年著しい発展を遂げたガスクロマトグラフィーを適用し,一連の装置を試作した.本装置は高周波発生装置,石英製試料融解筒,ガスクロマトグラフから構成されている.ここで使用した高純度ヘリウムのキャリヤーガスはガスクロマトグラフならびにガス抽出のふんい気ガスに併用し,試料の融解は市販の高周波誘導加熱装置(出力2kW)を用い,黒鉛るつぼ中で加熱して行なった.ヘリウム中の一酸化炭素の定量は全量を分析することなく二つの部分に分けて,その一方を分析し,そのクロマトグラムから酸素量を求めた.本装置による定量限界は,試料1g採取のとき酸素で約10ppmである.分析時間は1試料につき約15分であり,定量値の再現性は約6%である.
Measurement of Poisson's ratio of bovine aorta using Digital Image Correlation (2002)

Digital image correlation (DIC) was adopted to examine the mechanical behavior of arterial tissue from the bovine aorta. Rectangular sections comprised of the intimal and medial layers were excised from the descending aorta and loaded in displacement control uniaxial tension up to 40% elongation. Specimens of silicon rubber sheet were also prepared and served as a benchmark material in the application of DIC for the evaluation of large strains; the elastomer was loaded to 50% elongation. The arterial specimens exhibited a non-linear hyperelastic stress-strain response and the stiffness increased with percent elongation. Poisson's ratio is observed to increase when specimens are subjected to uniaxial stress in the axial direction, while Poission's ratio is observed to decrease when specimens are subjected to uniaxial stress in the circumferential direction.
Monoterpenes with Analgesic Activity—A Systematic Review (2012)

There is still the need for efficacious therapies for pain. In the search for new therapeutic options, plants are a major source of novel biomolecules. Monoterpenes constitute 90% of essential oils, and there is a growing interest in understanding the mechanisms underlying their pharmacological activity. This systematic review reports what is so far known about the analgesic activity of monoterpenes and also provides an overview of their mechanisms of action. The search terms analgesia, anti-inflammatory, anaesthetic and antioxidant were used to retrieve English language articles in SCOPUS, PUBMED and EMBASE published between 1990 and 2012. Forty-five papers were found concerning the potential analgesic activity of 27 monoterpenes. The data reviewed here suggest these compounds are possible candidates for the treatment of painful conditions.
Kinetic Studies on the Reactivity of Triphenylmethyl Cations Adsorbed on Silica, Alumina, and Aluminosilicate (2002)

The apparent rate constants k‘ of different surface-mediated reactions of three nucleophiles 1,4-cyclohexadiene, triethylsilane, and isobutylvinyl ether with triphenylmethylium ions have been determined for three different solid acid catalysts and various triphenylmethylium precursors (R1R2R3C−X, X = SCN, OH, Cl, or Br). Generation of triphenylmethylium ions [R1R2R3C+] was used for kinetic measurements when R1R2R3C−X derivates are chemisorbed to the solid acid catalysts. The catalysis of those surface-mediated reactions by a silica, an alumina, and an aluminosilicate has been studied in a slurry of dichloromethane at ambient temperature. The value of k‘ increases in the order OH- < SCN- < Cl- < Br- and silica < alumina < aluminosilicate. The log k‘ can be correlated with the pKs of the corresponding HX from R1R2R3C−X or the acidity of the solid acid (Adolph, S.; Spange, S.; Zimmermann, Y. J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 6429−6438) indicating the importance of the effective surface concentration of [R1R2R3C+] on the apparent rate constant. It is also shown that the specific rate constant of the surface-mediated reaction can be interpreted in terms of Mayr's nucleophilicity parameters of the π-nucleophile (N) and the pKR+ values of the carbenium ion derived from polar reactions in homogeneous solution.
Let's hear it for audio mining (2002)

he Web, databases, and other digitized information storehouses contain a growing volume of audio content. Sources include newscasts, sporting events, telephone conversations, recordings of meetings, Webcasts, documentary archives such as the Visual History Foundation's interviews with Holocaust survivors (http://www.vhf. org), and media files in libraries. Users want to make the most of this material by searching and indexing the digitized audio content. In the past, companies had to create and manually analyze written transcripts of audio content because using computers to recognize, interpret, and analyze digitized speech was difficult. However, the development of faster microprocessors, larger storage capacities, and better speech-recognition algorithms has made audio mining easier. Now, the technology is on the verge of becoming a powerful tool that could help many organizations. For example, companies could use audio mining to analyze customer-service and helpdesk conversations or even voice mail. Law enforcement and intelligence organizations could use the technology to analyze intercepted phone conversations. Public relations firms could use it to analyze news broadcasts to find coverage of clients.
Relative efficacy and safety of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for osteoarthritis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies (2018)

Topical NSAIDs were effective and safe for OA. Diclofenac patches may be the most effective topical NSAID for pain relief. No serious gastrointestinal and renal AEs were observed in trials or the general population. However, confirmation of the cardiovascular safety of topical NSAIDs still warrants further observational study.
Front Matter: 9755 (2016)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 9755, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and Conference Committee listing.
Significance of circulating T-cell clones in Sezary syndrome (2006)

Identification of malignant Sézary cells by T-cell receptor (TCR) clonality studies is routinely used for the diagnosis of Sézary syndrome, but T-cell clones expressed in a single patient have never been accurately characterized. We previously reported that CD158k expression delineates Sézary syndrome malignant cells, and, more recently, we identified vimentin at the surface membranes of Sézary cells and normal activated lymphocytes. In the present study, T-cell clones from 13 patients with Sézary syndrome were identified by immunoscopy and further characterized in the blood according to their TCR Vbeta, CD158k, and vimentin cell-surface expression. We found in most patients a unique malignant T-cell clone that coexpressed CD158k and vimentin and that, when patients were tested, was also present in the skin. However, in some patients we detected the presence of a nonmalignant circulating clone expressing high amounts of vimentin and lacking CD158k. These results indicate that clonal expansion may originate from circulating malignant and nonmalignant CD4(+) T cell populations in patients with Sézary syndrome. Identification of the malignant cells in Sézary syndrome cannot be achieved by T-cell clonality studies or by TCR Vbeta monoclonal antibody (mAb) analysis alone; it also relies on CD158k phenotyping.
Chitosan–Polyelectrolyte complexation for the preparation of gel beads and controlled release of anticancer drug. I. Effect of phosphorous polyelectrolyte complex and enzymatic hydrolysis of polymer (1999)

Enzymic hydrolyzed chitosan was employed to prepare chitosan–tripolyphosphate and chitosan–polyphosphoric acid gel beads using a polyelectrolyte complexation method for the sustained-release of anticancer agent, 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). pH responsive swelling ability, drug-release characteristics, and morphology of the chitosan gel bead depends on polyelectrolyte complexation mechanism and molecular weight of the enzymic hydrolyzed chitosan. The complexation mechanism of chitosan beads gelled in pentasodium tripolyphosphate or polyphosphoric acid solution was ionotropic crosslinking or interpolymer complex, respectively. The drug-release patterns of all chitosan gel beads in pH 6.8 seemed to be diffusional based, which might be in accordance with the Higuchi model, whereas release profiles of the chitosan–tripolyphosphate gel beads in pH 1.2 medium seemed to be non-Fickian diffusion controlled due to the swelling or matrix erosion of the beads. The rate of 6-MP releasing from chitosan–tripolyphosphate or chitosan–polyphosphoric acid gel matrix were significantly increased with the decreased molecular weight of enzymic hydrolyzed chitosan. However, the dissolution rates of 6-MP entraped in chitosan–tripolyphosphate and chitosan–polyphosphoric acid gel matrix were significantly slower than the dissolution rate of the original drug. These results indicate that the chitosan–polyphosphoric acid gel bead is a better polymer carrier for the sustained release of anticancer drugs in simulated intestinal and gastric juice medium than the chitosan–tripolyphosphate gel beads. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 1868–1879, 1999
Expression and mutation analysis of the discoidin domain receptors 1 and 2 in non-small cell lung carcinoma (2007)

The discoidin domain receptors, (DDR)1 and DDR2, have been linked to numerous human cancers. We sought to determine expression levels of DDRs in human lung cancer, investigate prognostic determinates, and determine the prevalence of recently reported mutations in these receptor tyrosine kinases. Tumour samples from 146 non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients were analysed for relative expression of DDR1 and DDR2 using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). An additional 23 matched tumour and normal tissues were tested for differential expression of DDR1 and DDR2, and previously reported somatic mutations. Discoidin domain receptor 1 was found to be significantly upregulated by 2.15-fold (P=0.0005) and DDR2 significantly downregulated to an equivalent extent (P=0.0001) in tumour vs normal lung tissue. Discoidin domain receptor 2 expression was not predictive for patient survival; however, DDR1 expression was significantly associated with overall (hazard ratio (HR) 0.43, 95% CI=0.22-0.83, P=0.014) and disease-free survival (HR=0.56, 95% CI=0.33-0.94, P=0.029). Multivariate analysis revealed DDR1 is an independent favourable predictor for prognosis independent of tumour differentiation, stage, histology, and patient age. However, contrary to previous work, we did not observe DDR mutations. We conclude that whereas altered expression of DDRs may contribute to malignant progression of NSCLC, it is unlikely that this results from mutations in the DDR1 and DDR2 genes that we investigated.
Absence of SOCS3 in the Cardiomyocyte Increases Mortality in a gp130-Dependent Manner Accompanied by Contractile Dysfunction and Ventricular Arrhythmias (2011)

Our results demonstrate an important role of SOCS3 regulation on cardiac gp130 signaling in the pathogenesis of contractile dysfunction and ventricular arrhythmias.
Error probability for optimum combining of M -ary PSK signals in the presence of interference and noise (2003)

An exact expression for the symbol-error probability (SEP) for coherent detection of M-ary phase-shift keying using an array of antennas with optimum combining in a Rayleigh fading environment is derived, based on the theory of orthogonal polynomials. In particular, performance analysis in the presence of multiple uncorrelated equal-power cochannel interferers and thermal noise is considered, starting from problems related to the eigenvalues distribution of complex Wishart matrices. We give an effective technique to derive the SEP involving only one integral with finite integration limits. The result is general and valid for an arbitrary number of receiving antennas and/or cochannel interferers. Based on our efficient method, new results that are useful for the design of wireless systems are obtained.
In Vitro Analysis of Bromine Chemical Burns with Use of Full-Thickness Human Skin (1998)

Parameters of bromine injury were studied in vitro with the use of full-thickness human skin (HS) specimens--discards from various surgical procedures. The morphology of in vitro-treated HS resembled that of in vivo-injured skin. The damage was pronounced in the epidermis (destruction of the stratum corneum, and extensive vacuolation of keratinocytes) and the dermis (collagen coagulation), depending on the bromine concentration, exposure time, and application method. A decreased viability of epidermal cells, assayed by dye exclusion, was observed as well. Permeation parameters of bromine via abdominal HS were determined by quantitating bromine concentration in the donor and receiving compartments. The amount of bromine that permeated HS was inversely related to the concentration gradient applied. This in vitro study suggests that prompt treatment and early medical intervention may be required for successful healing of both severe and mild cases of bromine injuries.
Treatment of myasthenia gravis with mycophenolate mofetil: A case report (2000)

We report a patient with myasthenia gravis (MG) who had marked clinical benefit in response to treatment with mycophenolate mofetil as documented by serial quantitative measures of strength and muscle fatigue. Our patient had experienced either adverse side effects or a suboptimal response to the usual immunosuppressive agents used in MG. Mycophenolate mofetil was used in combination with cyclosporine and prednisone and allowed for significant reductions in dosage of these immunosuppressants. We conclude that mycophenolate mofetil deserves further study as a therapeutic agent in MG. In particular, its role as a steroid-sparing agent and as a drug to be used in combination immunotherapy in more severe or refractory cases of MG should be investigated.
Analysis of AlGaN/GaN HEMT modulated by photosystem I reaction centers (2007)

This paper presents for the first time a practical substitute to the laboratory (KFM) techniques for electrical characterization of PS I reaction centers which is necessary precondition to eventual commercial realization of molecular photovoltaic devices. The experimental study and an analytical model have been presented to investigate the charge effects of PS I reaction centers on the characteristics of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT).
Low-voltage low-distortion sampling switch design in 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS technology (2017)

This paper presents the design of very linear analog sampling switches implemented in 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS technology. A largely input-independent ON-resistance of NMOS switch is obtained using the bootstrapping technique. A novel NMOS bootstrapped switch is proposed that efficiently employs the back-gate terminal of the FD-SOI NMOS device to further enhance its linearity. SPICE simulations were performed for comparing the performance of the proposed sampling switch with two other conventional switch configurations designed in a 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS process with a nominal supply voltage of 0.8 V.
A Method for Designing Peptide Substrates for Proteases (1979)

1. The kinetic parameters of 25 peptidyl-p-nitroanilide substrates were investigated with subtilisin Carlsberg as model enzyme. 2. For a series of 12 substrates, the contribution of various side chains to the affinity constant was computed by regression analysis. From these contributions the sequence of a new and better substrate, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-arginyl-norleucyl-norleucyl-p-nitroanilide (Z-Arg-Nle-Nle-Nan) was predicted. The compound was synthesized and assayed. Its calculated 1/Km value, 43.5 mM-1, was in a good agreement with the value of 40.0 mM-1 that was determined experimentally. 3. On expanding the series to 19 substrates, it was found that the productivity of enzyme-substrate binding is influenced primarily by those subsites which have a significantly greater contribution to the affinity constants than others. 4. The additivity principle applied reasonably well for the contribution of individual side chains to the kinetic parameters. This fact suggests that regression analysis can be used for the prediction of the amino acid sequence of better substrates than those already tested, probably not only for subtilisin but also for other proteolytic enzymes.
EphB and Ephrin-B Interactions Mediate Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Suppression of Activated T-Cells (2013)

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) express the contact-dependent erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptor tyrosine kinase family and their cognate ephrin ligands, which are known to regulate thymocyte maturation and selection, T-cell transendothelial migration, activation, co-stimulation, and proliferation. However, the contribution of Eph/ephrin molecules in mediating human MSC suppression of activated T-cells remains to be determined. In the present study, we showed that EphB2 and ephrin-B2 are expressed by ex vivo expanded MSC, while the corresponding ligands, ephrin-B1 and EphB4, respectively, are highly expressed by T-cells. Initial studies demonstrated that EphB2-Fc and ephrin-B2-Fc molecules suppressed T-cell proliferation in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assays compared with human IgG-treated controls. While the addition of a third-party MSC population demonstrated dramatic suppression of T-cell proliferation responses in the MLR, blocking the function of EphB2 or EphB4 receptors using inhibitor binding peptides significantly increased T-cell proliferation. Consistent with these observations, shRNA EphB2 or ephrin-B2 knockdown expression in MSC reduced their ability to inhibit T-cell proliferation. Importantly, the expression of immunosuppressive factors, indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, transforming growth factor-β1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expressed by MSC, was up-regulated after stimulation with EphB4 and ephrin-B1 in the presence of interferon (IFN)-γ, compared with untreated controls. Conversely, key factors involved in T-cell activation and proliferation, such as interleukin (IL)-2, IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-17, were down-regulated by T-cells treated with EphB2 or ephrin-B2 compared with untreated controls. Studies utilizing signaling inhibitors revealed that inhibition of T-cell proliferation is partly mediated through EphB2-induced ephrin-B1 reverse signaling or ephrin-B2-mediated EphB4 forward signaling by activating Src, PI3Kinase, Abl, and JNK kinase pathways, activated by tyrosine phosphorylation. Taken together, these observations suggest that EphB/ephrin-B interactions play an important role in mediating human MSC inhibition of activated T cells.
ChemInform Abstract: RINGSPANNUNGSEFFEKTE 3. MITT. VERSCHIEBUNGEN BEI DEN REDUKTIONS‐ UND OXIDATIONSPOTENTIALEN (1971)

Abstract Die Halbstufenpotentiale der Reduktion der Chinone (I)‐(III) sowie z.B. von 1,4‐Naphthochinon und 2,3‐Dimethyl‐1,4‐naphthochinon und zum Vergleich der entsprechenden Naphthaline wie (IV), (V), Naphthalin und 2,3‐Dimethylnaphthalin ändern sich bei der Verkleinerung der Ringgliederzahl des ankondensierten Ringes von 6 auf 4. Die Änderungen der Halbstufenpotentiale und der Ringspannung lassen sich im Rahmen der Hückel‐Theorie mittels des Hybridisationseffekt‐Modells von Streitwieser miteinander in Beziehung setzen.
Evaluating the effect of enzymatic pretreatment on the anaerobic digestibility of pulp and paper biosludge (2018)

Anaerobic digestion of biosludge has not yet been implemented in pulp mills due to low biogas yields. Enzymatic pretreatment of biosludge has shown improvements in biogas yields but results are varied. A key limitation of previous studies is that they fail to consider the COD contribution from the enzyme solutions. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the potential for enzymatic pretreatment on the anaerobic digestibility of pulp mill biosludge. Out of the six enzymes tested, four enhanced the anaerobic digestibility of biosludge. At the end of the BMP, a maximum improvement of 26% in biogas yield was observed with protease from <i>B. licheniformis</i>. There was no correlation between enzymatic activities on standard substrates and/or on biosludge and the effect of enzymes on biogas yields. Enzymes have potential for improving biosludge anaerobic digestibility but more research on optimal conditions and potential synergies with other pretreatment is needed.