gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Out-of-plane refractive microlens fabricated by surface micromachining (1996)

A novel refractive microlens standing perpendicular to the substrate has been fabricated for the first time with surface-micromachining techniques. The microlens has a focal length of 670 /spl mu/m and a diameter of 300 /spl mu/m. The optical axis of the microlens is precisely defined by photolithography and can be pre-aligned to other surface-micromachined micro-optical elements integrated on the same substrate. The focusing and collimating abilities of the lens are successfully demonstrated. The refractive microlens offers higher efficiency compared with diffractive lenses, and is very useful for high-performance free-space micro-optical bench applications.
Comparing genome versus proteome-based identification of clinical bacterial isolates (2016)

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is gaining importance in the analysis of bacterial cultures derived from patients with infectious diseases. Existing computational tools for WGS-based identification have, however, been evaluated on previously defined data relying thereby unwarily on the available taxonomic information.Here, we newly sequenced 846 clinical gram-negative bacterial isolates representing multiple distinct genera and compared the performance of five tools (CLARK, Kaiju, Kraken, DIAMOND/MEGAN and TUIT). To establish a faithful 'gold standard', the expert-driven taxonomy was compared with identifications based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Additionally, the tools were also evaluated using a data set of 200 Staphylococcus aureus isolates.CLARK and Kraken (with k =31) performed best with 626 (100%) and 193 (99.5%) correct species classifications for the gram-negative and S. aureus isolates, respectively. Moreover, CLARK and Kraken demonstrated highest mean F-measure values (85.5/87.9% and 94.4/94.7% for the two data sets, respectively) in comparison with DIAMOND/MEGAN (71 and 85.3%), Kaiju (41.8 and 18.9%) and TUIT (34.5 and 86.5%). Finally, CLARK, Kaiju and Kraken outperformed the other tools by a factor of 30 to 170 fold in terms of runtime.We conclude that the application of nucleotide-based tools using k-mers-e.g. CLARK or Kraken-allows for accurate and fast taxonomic characterization of bacterial isolates from WGS data. Hence, our results suggest WGS-based genotyping to be a promising alternative to the MS-based biotyping in clinical settings. Moreover, we suggest that complementary information should be used for the evaluation of taxonomic classification tools, as public databases may suffer from suboptimal annotations.
LP30: TAILORING THE SEQUENCE AND DURATION OF CONVENTIONAL IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE DRUGS TO INDUCE CTA TOLERANCE (2010)

Weinstock, M.; Wang, Y.; Jindal, R.; Sucher, R.; Solari, M.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, D.; Ferreira, L.M.; Gorantla, V.; Brandacher, G.; Lee, W.P.A.; Zheng, X.X.Author Information
A high‐order compact formulation for the 3D Poisson equation (1996)

In this work we construct an extension to a class of higher-order compact methods for the three-dimensional Poisson equation. A superconvergent nodal rate of O(h6) is predicted, or O(h4) if the forcing function derivatives are not known exactly. Numerical experiments are conducted to verify these theoretical rates. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Optical transparent 4×4 switching node for frequency multiplexed signals (1992)

Optical frequency-division multiplex (OFDM) techniques in transparent networks offer a maximum of flexibility for future optical broadband communications.1 Figure 1 shows a scheme of a transparent switching node. The input fibers are guiding a frequency multiplex of modulated optical carriers, which are routed all-optically with respect to space and frequency2 to the output fibers.
The radiosensitizer 2-benzoyl-3-phenyl-6,7-dichloroquinoxaline 1,4-dioxide induces DNA damage in EMT-6 mammary carcinoma cells (2009)

Abstract Background DCQ (2-benzoyl-3-phenyl-6,7-dichloroquinoxaline 1,4-dioxide), a synthetic quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide, enhances the cytotoxic effect of ionizing radiation (IR) in vivo and in vitro . We sought to clarify whether increased radiation-induced DNA damage, decreased rate of damage repair, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to DCQ enhancement of IR. Methods Murine mammary adenocarcinoma EMT-6 cells were treated with DCQ for 4 h before exposure to 10 Gy IR. Treated cells were monitored for modulations in cell cycle, induction of DNA damage, and generation of ROS. Results Combined DCQ and IR treatments (DCQ+IR) induced rapid cell-cycle arrests in EMT-6 cells, particularly in S and G 2 /M phases. Alkaline comet assays revealed high levels of DNA damage in cells after exposure to DCQ+IR, consistent with damage-induced arrest. Unlike IR-only and DCQ-only treated cells, the damage induced by combined DCQ+IR was repaired at a slower rate. Combined treatment, compared to separate DCQ and IR treatments, activated DNA-protein kinase and induced more p-ATM, supporting a role for double strand breaks (DSBs), which are more toxic and difficult to repair than single strand breaks (SSBs). Contributing factors to DCQ radiosensitization appear to be the induction of ROS and DSBs. Conclusion Collectively, our findings indicate that radiosensitization by DCQ is mediated by DNA damage and decreased repair and that ROS are at least partially responsible.
Using Tyrosine 654 Phosphorylation of Beta‐Catenin to Predict HCC Pathology (2008)

Background: Our aim was to study what roles β‐Catenin (β‐Cat) and tyrosine 654 phosphorylation of β‐Cat were playing in liver cancer (HCC). Design: Protein from 28 HCC cases and 3 cases without HCC (controls) was analyzed by western blots. Results: Of the 28 samples, 1 was poorly (P), 20 were moderately (M) and 5 were well (W) differentiated with 2 of unknown (U) status. 5/28 were fibrolamellar (FL). Only P or M tumors showed invasion (I). Of the non‐cirrhotic samples, I HCC had higher levels of tyr654 compared to non‐I. Of non‐cirrhotics and non‐FL HCC, M HCC had higher levels of tyr654 than W. Interestingly, W had higher levels of total β‐Cat. FL HCC had highest levels of tyr654 but lowest β‐Cat. HCC w/mutations at exon 3 had high tyr654 and high total β‐Cat. Conclusions: Tyr654 may be useful to differentiate M from W HCC and I from non‐I HCC. Also, FL HCC may have increased levels of tyrosine kinases inducing the phosphorylation of β‐Cat at tyr654. We found no correlation between β‐Cat mutations and differentiation, invasion or cirrhosis status.
Compatibility of propofol injectable emulsion with selected drugs during simulated Y-site administration (1997)

The compatibility of a new formulation of injectable propofol with selected other drugs during simulated Y-site injection was studied. Two milliliters of undiluted propofol injectable emulsion was combined with 2 mL of each of 112 other drugs in 5% dextrose injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection. The liquids were diluted with 6 mL of particle-free high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade water and centrifuged for 20 minutes. A pipette connected to a vacuum line was used to remove the fat layer at the top and most of the aqueous phase. The remaining liquid was diluted with 9 mL of particle-free HPLC-grade water to facilitate visualization of any precipitate. The liquids were examined with the unaided eye in fluorescent light and with a Tyndall beam to enhance visualization of small particles. Samples were evaluated during the first 15 minutes and one hour after mixing. Propofol injectable emulsion was compatible with 98 of the 112 drugs testes. Fourteen drugs demonstrated incompatibilities, including precipitation, gel formation, and oiling out of cracked emulsions. During simulated Y-site injection, propofol injectable emulsion was compatible with most other drugs tested for one hour at approximately 23 degrees C
Synthesis and coordination chemistry of a new class of binucleating ligands: pyridyl-substituted diphosphines (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and coordination chemistry of a new class of binucleating ligands: pyridyl-substituted diphosphinesPeter H. M. Budzelaar, John H. G. Frijns, and A. Guy OrpenCite this: Organometallics 1990, 9, 4, 1222–1227Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00118a050https://doi.org/10.1021/om00118a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views645Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Energy Gaps in "Metallic" Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2001)

Metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes have been proposed to be good one-dimensional conductors. However, the finite curvature of the graphene sheet that forms the nanotubes and the broken symmetry due to the local environment may modify their electronic properties. We used low-temperature atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy to investigate zigzag and armchair nanotubes, both thought to be metallic. "Metallic" zigzag nanotubes were found to have energy gaps with magnitudes that depend inversely on the square of the tube radius, whereas isolated armchair tubes do not have energy gaps. Additionally, armchair nanotubes packed in bundles have pseudogaps, which exhibit an inverse dependence on tube radius. These observed energy gaps suggest that most "metallic" single-walled nanotubes are not true metals, and they have implications for our understanding of the electronic properties and potential applications of carbon nanotubes.
THE DETERMINATION OF NITROGEN IN NIOBIUM (1956)

A method is presented for the spectrophotometric dotermination of nitrogen in niobium in the range of 6 to 120 parts per million of nitrogen in a one gram sample. Nitrogen contents in excess of 120 parts per million are determined by aliquoting the sample solution prior to distillation. (W.L.H.)
ChemInform Abstract: Function of Di(tert.‐butyl)silanediolate as an Anchor for Metal Fragments in High and Medium Oxidation States. Synthesis and Structures of (tBu)2SiO2(TeCl2‐μ‐Cl2‐TeCl2) and (tBu)2Si(OReO3)2. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optimum design of a new single-ended wireless EV charger and comparative thermal evaluation of SiC-MOSFET and Si-IGBT (2017)

This paper deals with a cost effective wireless EV battery charger which integrates the simplest quasi-resonant soft switching pulse modulated inverter with a newly developed SiC-MOSFET. In the first place, the operating principle of a wireless EV charger using a class-E single-ended inverter which is cost-effective for affordable price and simple is described. This type of wireless resonant EV charger can efficiently operate under a condition of class-E switching controlled by synchronized PWM drive. In the second place, illustrated is a comparative study of wireless power transfer receiving circuits. In order to secure the transmission power, we optimize the configuration of the power receiving circuit. In the third place, described is comparative loss-temperature evaluation of SiC-MOSFET and Si-IGBT in the wireless EV charger. In the final place, in order to optimize drive circuit for the power devices, relations between turn-off loss and drive condition are studied.
Fluorinated Olefinic Peptide Nucleic Acid:  Synthesis and Pairing Properties with Complementary DNA (2005)

The fluorinated olefinic peptide nucleic acid (F-OPA) system was designed as a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) analogue in which the base carrying amide moiety was replaced by an isostructural and isoelectrostatic fluorinated C-C double bond, locking the nucleobases in one of the two possible rotameric forms. By comparison of the base-pairing properties of this analogue with its nonfluorinated analogue OPA and PNA, we aimed at a closer understanding of the role of this amide function in complementary DNA recognition. Here we present the synthesis of the F-OPA monomer building blocks containing the nucleobases A, T, and G according to the MMTr/Acyl protecting group scheme. Key steps are a selective desymmetrization of the double bond in the monomer precursor via lactonization as well as a highly regioselective Mitsunobu reaction for the introduction of the bases. PNA decamers containing single F-OPA mutations and fully modified F-OPA decamers and pentadecamers containing the bases A and T were synthesized by solid-phase peptide chemistry, and their hybridization properties with complementary parallel and antiparallel DNA were assessed by UV melting curves and CD spectroscopic methods. The stability of the duplexes formed by the decamers containing single (Z)-F-OPA modifications with parallel and antiparallel DNA was found to be strongly dependent on their position in the sequence with T(m) values ranging from +2.4 to -8.1 degrees C/modification as compared to PNA. Fully modified F-OPA decamers and pentadecamers were found to form parallel duplexes with complementary DNA with reduced stability compared to PNA or OPA. An asymmetric F-OPA pentadecamer was found to form a stable self-complex (T(m) approximately 65 degrees C) of unknown structure. The generally reduced affinity to DNA may therefore be due to an increased propensity for self-aggregation.
Cytokines in cancer drug resistance: Cues to new therapeutic strategies (2016)

The development of oncoprotein-targeted anticancer drugs is an invaluable weapon in the war against cancer. However, cancers do not give up without a fight. They may develop multiple mechanisms of drug resistance, including apoptosis inhibition, drug expulsion, and increased proliferation that reduce the effectiveness of the drug. The collective work of researchers has highlighted the role of cytokines in the mechanisms of cancer drug resistance, as well as in cancer cell progression. Furthermore, recent studies have described how specific cytokines secreted by cancer stromal cells confer resistance to chemotherapeutic treatments. In order to gain a better understanding of mechanism of cancer drug resistance and a prediction of treatment outcome, it is imperative that correlations are established between global cytokine profiles and cancer drug resistance. Here we discuss the recent discoveries in this field of research and discuss their implications for the future development of effective anti-cancer medicines.
An Integrated Genetic-Genomic Approach for the Identification of Novel Cancer Loci in Mice Sensitized to c-Myc-Induced Apoptosis (2010)

Deregulated c-Myc is associated with a wide range of human cancers. In many cell types, overexpression of c-Myc potently promotes cell growth and proliferation concomitant with the induction of apoptosis. Secondary genetic events that shift this balance either by increasing growth and proliferation or limiting apoptosis are likely to cooperate with c-Myc in tumorigenesis. Here, the authors have performed large-scale insertional mutagenesis in Eμ-c-myc mice that, through mdm2 loss of function mutations, are sensitized to apoptosis. The authors chose to use this genetic background based on the hypothesis that the high level of apoptosis induced by c-Myc overexpression in MDM2-deficient mice would act as a rate-limiting barrier for lymphoma development. As a result, it was predicted that the spectrum of retroviral insertions would be shifted toward loci that harbor antiapoptotic genes. Nine novel common insertion sites (CISs) specific to mice with this sensitized genetic background were identified, suggesting the presence of novel antiapoptotic cancer genes. Moreover, cross-comparing the data to the Retroviral Tagged Cancer Gene Database, the authors identified an additional 23 novel CISs. Here, evidence is presented that 2 genes, ppp1r16b and hdac6, identified at CISs, are bona fide cellular oncogenes. This study highlights the power of combining unique sensitized genetic backgrounds with large-scale mutagenesis as an approach for identifying novel cancer genes.
Experimental and Theoretical Advances in Amorphous Alloys (2014)

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ChemInform Abstract: Dye Sensitization of Nanocrystalline Tin Oxide by Perylene Derivatives. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Novel jmjC Domain Protein Modulates Heterochromatization in Fission Yeast (2003)

The heterochromatin domain at the mat locus of Schizosaccharomyces pombe is bounded by the IR-L and IR-R barriers. A genetic screen for mutations that promote silencing beyond IR-L revealed a novel gene named epe1, encoding a conserved nuclear protein with a jmjC domain. Disruption of epe1 promotes continuous spreading of heterochromatin-associated histone modifications and Swi6 binding to chromatin across heterochromatic barriers. It also enhances position effect variegation at heterochromatic domains, suppresses mutations in silencing genes, and stabilizes the repressed epigenetic state at the mat locus. However, it does not enhance silencing establishment. Our analysis suggests that the jmjC domain is essential for Epe1 activity and that Epe1 counteracts transcriptional silencing by negatively affecting heterochromatin stability. Consistent with this proposition, the meiotic stability of established heterochromatin beyond IR-L is diminished by Epe1 activity, and overexpression of Epe1 disrupts heterochromatin through acetylation of H3-K9 and H3-K14 and methylation of H3-K4. Furthermore, overexpression of Epe1 elevates the rate of chromosome loss. We propose that Epe1 helps control chromatin organization by down-regulating the stability of epigenetic marks that govern heterochromatization.
The “Aryne” Route to Biaryls Featuring Uncommon Substituent Patterns (2002)

1,2-Didehydroarenes (“arynes”) mediate as extremely reactive, short-lived intermediates in selective aryl–aryl coupling processes to form biaryls with unprecedented substituent patterns (see scheme, X=H, F, Cl). Possible applications include the synthesis of novel ligands for asymmetric catalysis.
Optical behavior near the fundamental absorption edge of sputter-deposited microcrystalline aluminum nitride (1989)

The optical behavior near the fundamental absorption edge (4.1–6.6 eV) of sputter-deposited microcrystalline aluminum nitride grown on unheated fused silica substrates is studied here. The absorption coefficient α shows three types of behavior with incident photon energy E: (1) a high-energy region (&amp;gt;6.06 eV) in which α slowly varies with E, (2) a middle-energy region (∼5.6–6.06 eV) in which α varies directly with exp E, and (3) a low-energy shoulder. High- and medium-energy absorption is modeled in terms of a disordered semiconductor, using a coherent potential approximation with Gaussian site disorder in the valence and conduction bands. α is expressed in terms of three interrelated energy parameters: the energy-band gap of the virtual crystal (6.18 eV), the energy gap of the disordered crystal (5.50–5.64 eV), and the inverse slope of the exponential dependence of α on E (0.24–0.29 eV). Enhancement of α at low energy is explained in terms of a discrete absorption band whose strength is ∼6×1020/cm3.
Research Software Engineering Efforts for DataFed: FY2021 Developments (2021)

DataFed is a scientific data management system for big data providing simple and uniform data access, organization, discovery, and sharing within and across scientific facilities - with the goals of enhancing productivity and scientific reproducibility. We hope to aid in communicating development contributions to DataFed over the last year and any planning we can provide for the future developments in the next year
Reconstruction of the Posterior Auditory Canal Wall with a Hydroxyapatite Prosthesis (1986)

Reconstruction of the posterior auditory canal wall with a prosthesis of porous hydroxyapatite ceramic is described. The implant material is the inorganic basis of the bone matrix and is remodelled into living bone tissue. Thirty patients in whom the cavity was restored with the technique described were followed for at least 2 years, with an average of 3 1/2 years. There was no extrusion. The use of a periosteal flap and replacement of the remnants of the epithelium of the tympanic membrane and former ear canal were essential for the formation of a good epithelial lining in the new ear canal. Sufficient eustachian tube function is essential for a lasting result, as demonstrated in one patient with a recurrent otitis media. A limited retraction of the new tympanic membrane was observed without recurrent cholesteatoma in two patients.
Lymphangioma Involving the Foetal Lower Limb, A Rare Condition Diagnosed on Prenatal Ultrasound (2014)

Foetal lymphangiomas are found to frequently occur at the nuchal region. We are reporting a case of a foetal lypmhangioma which involved the abdominal wall and right lower extremity, which was diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography at 27 weeks of gestation. Prenatal ultrasound, along with Doppler, provided reliable information regarding the extent of the lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging is required only in doubtful cases.
Structure and synthesis of pallescensin E utilising a modified Wadsworth–Emmons reaction (1981)

A modified Wadsworth–Emmons reaction using a catalytic amount of 15-crown-5 has been employed in the synthesis of the naturally occurring furosesquiterpene pallescensin E. The structure of this compound has been confirmed by comparison of its spectral data with those of the synthesised isomer, 9,10-dihydro-7,8-dimethyl-4H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]furan.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Oxidation of Cyclooctane to Cyclootanone with Molecular Oxygen in the Presence of Compressed Carbon Dioxide. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.