gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methods for determining the elements of the PQRST-complex of the electrocardiogram (2022)

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most common medical examinations. High-quality interpretation of a 12-channel electrocardiogram is important for subsequent diagnosis and treatment. One of the important steps in deciphering an ECG is to determine the boundaries of the elements of the PQRST complex. The article discusses mathematical methods for determining the boundaries of the P, T waves and the QRS complex, as well as the R, P and T peaks, presents the shortcomings of mathematical methods for determining the elements of the PQRST complex. And also the values ​​of the metrics obtained as a result of training the neural network segmentation model of the PQRST-complex are given. The experiments performed show the relevance of using neural network and combined approaches to the analysis of the PQRST complex.
Tests of the Boards Generating the CMS ECAL Trigger Primitives: from the On-Detector Electronics to the Off-Detector Electronics System (2005)

The trigger architecture of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter is physically organized in two sub-systems: the On-Detector front-end electronics and the Off-Detector electronics sub-system located in the electronics cavern. The trigger primitives of the electromagnetic Level-1 trigger are partially generated by the Front-End boards and completed by the Trigger Concentrator Card belonging to the Off-detector sub-system. Both boards will be produced and tested in 2004 and 2005 for the barrel. This paper puts emphasis on the testing procedure applied to the two boards.
Innate Immune Responses and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2012)

Innate immune responses appear to be partially responsible for maintaining inflammation and tissue destruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In the early stages of the disease in smokers, the airways are bombarded with large quantities of particulate material, and activation of phagocytic cells results in the release of many of the mediators believed to remodel the airways. Ironically, failure of the innate immune defense system, either by inherited deficiency or as a result of chronic smoke inhalation, is likely to result in increased susceptibility to infectious disease and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is well known that deficiencies in the production of collectins, pentraxins, and complement can lead to increased infections, and several studies indicate that deficiency in one or another innate defense component is associated with increased exacerbations. Corticosteroids reduce exacerbations in part because of their ability to boost the production of innate host...
Palladium/Imidazolium Salt Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Halides with Hypervalent Organostannates (2000)

[figure: see text] A Pd(OAc)2/imidazolium chloride system has been used to mediate the catalytic cross-coupling of aryl halides with organostannanes. The imidazolium salt IPr.HCl (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl) imidazol-2-ylidene) in combination with TBAF (nBu4NF) was found to be most effective for the cross-coupling of aryl bromides and electron-deficient aryl chlorides with aryl and vinyl stannanes.
Effect of a Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist on Experimental Emphysema and Asthma Combined with Emphysema (2013)

The incidence of overlapping bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has increased in recent years. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) play an important role in asthma, and the type 1 CysLT receptor (CysLT1R) is expressed by many inflammatory cells. We evaluated the effect of montelukast, a CysLT1R antagonist, on mouse models of asthma, porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema, and asthma combined with emphysema. Mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) on Days 0 and 14 and subsequently challenged with OVA on Days 28, 29, and 30. Pulmonary emphysema was induced by intratracheal instillation of PPE on Day 25. Mice were treated subcutaneously with montelukast or vehicle from Day 25 to Day 31. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), static compliance; the number of inflammatory cells, the levels of cytokines, chemokines, LTs, and perforin in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the quantitative morphometry of lung sections were analyzed on Day 32. Treatment with montelukast significantly attenuated the AHR and eosinophilic airway inflammation in OVA-sensitized and OVA-challenged mice. Administration of montelukast significantly reduced the AHR, static compliance, and neutrophilic airway inflammation, while attenuating emphysematous lung changes, in PPE-treated mice. In PPE-treated mice subjected to allergen sensitization and challenges, montelukast significantly suppressed the AHR, static compliance, and eosinophilic and neutrophilic airway inflammation in addition to the development of experimentally induced emphysema in the lungs. Our data suggest that CysLT1R antagonists may be effective in ameliorating the consequences of PPE-induced lung damage and the changes that follow allergen sensitization and challenges.
In Vitro Posttranslational Modification of Lamin B Cloned from a Human T-Cell Line (1990)

Autoimmune diseases are characterized by spontaneously occurring autoantibodies which have proven to be useful reagents for the characterization of specific nuclear proteins. Using a monoclonal autoantibody (72B9) derived from a murine lupus strain, we have cloned a cDNA from the human T-cell line MOLT-4, which encodes nuclear lamin B. The identity of the encoded protein as lamin B was established by both biochemical and immunological criteria. Inspection of the deduced amino acid sequence of lamin B revealed the presence in coil 1B of the alpha-helical domain of a leucine heptad repeat region. Analysis of mRNA in HL60 and MOLT-4 cells, which express only lamin B, or HeLa cells, which express all three major lamins (A, B, and C), together with the comigration of in vitro-translated product with isolated HeLa cell lamin B by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, suggests that a single lamin B is expressed in mammalian somatic cells. In vitro translation with the cDNA clone revealed an EDTA-sensitive posttranslational modification which resulted in an increase in the apparent molecular weight to that equivalent to the native in vivo-synthesized lamin B protein. This in vitro modification included incorporation of a product of mevalonolactone and required an intact carboxy terminus.
Soft-Decision-Driven Channel Estimation for Pipelined Turbo Receivers (2011)

We consider channel estimation specific to turbo equalization for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication. We develop a soft-decision-driven sequential algorithm geared to the pipelined turbo equalizer architecture operating on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. One interesting feature of the pipelined turbo equalizer is that multiple soft-decisions become available at various processing stages. A tricky issue is that these multiple decisions from different pipeline stages have varying levels of reliability. This paper establishes an effective strategy for the channel estimator to track the target channel, while dealing with observation sets with different qualities. The resulting algorithm is basically a linear sequential estimation algorithm and, as such, is Kalman-based in nature. The main difference here, however, is that the proposed algorithm employs puncturing on observation samples to effectively deal with the inherent correlation among the multiple demapper/decoder module outputs that cannot easily be removed by the traditional innovations approach. The proposed algorithm continuously monitors the quality of the feedback decisions and incorporates it in the channel estimation process. The proposed channel estimation scheme shows clear performance advantages relative to existing channel estimation techniques.
Dual Cathodically and Anodically Coloring Electrochromic Polymer Based on a Spiro Bipropylenedioxythiophene [(Poly(spiroBiProDOT)] (2002)

Three color states and a large luminance change at intermediate potentials are the key features of a new alkylenedioxypolythiophene, in which two polymeric strands are linked by a spiro(bis-dioxacycloheptene) unit (see Figure). The seven-membered rings are quite flexible and allow coplanarity of both strands. The polymer is both cathodically and anodically coloring, showing a dark red neutral state and a dark blue oxidized state.
Monitoring the Accumulation of Lipofuscin in Aging Murine Eyes by Fluorescence Spectroscopy (2008)

The integrated fluorescence of murine eyes is collected as a function of age. This fluorescence is attributed to pigments generally referred to as lipofuscin and is observed to increase with age. No difference in fluorescence intensity is observed between the eyes of males or females. This work provides a benchmark for further studies that are planned in order to use such signatures as markers of central nervous system (CNS) tissue or even of diseased CNS tissue and provides a basis for determining the age of a healthy animal.
Lupus profundus / Panniculitis (1997)

A 25-year-old Caucasian woman developed two areas of tender panniculitis on her left thigh. While one lesion ulcerated, the other showed no overlying cutaneous changes. Histological examination showed lymphocytic perivascular and periappendageal infiltrates, and direct immunofluorescence revealed granular immunoglobulin deposits at the dermal-epidermal junction in the skin overlying the lesions. Laboratory tests revealed lymphopenia, anemia and an increased blood sedimentation rate. The serology for syphilis was false positive. For several months the patient had also been suffering from arthralgia with palpable synovitis of the wrist and several interphalangeal joints. Overall, these clinical findings are consistent with the diagnosis of lupus profundus/panniculitis associated with mild systemic LE.
Hydrogen segregation and lattice reorientation in palladium hydride nanowires (2012)

We study palladium hydride nanowires of different sizes and hydrogen concentrations at 300 K using molecular dynamic simulations. Strong surface segregation of hydrogen with a depletion zone behind is observed in the palladium hydride nanowires. We also show that lattice reorientation is controlled by the hydrogen concentration as well as the nanowire size. The interplay of surface stresses and hydrogen induced stresses is responsible for the observations.
Meat Price Spreads Are Not Proof of Price Gouging (1991)

The relationship between farm, wholesale, and retail prices for meats is often controversial. Data from USDA's Economic Research Service (ERS) show that retail beef and pork prices react faster to cost increases than to cost decreases. Wholesale and farm pork and beef prices also adjust more quickly upward than downward. In addition, wholesale-to-retail price spreads have grown faster than inflation over the past 20 years. These facts have convinced some people that retailers or packers have, and use, market power to the disadvantage of consumers and producers. Increases in the price spread, for example, often lead to accusations by producer and consumer groups of price gouging and to Congressional calls for investigation of the meat industry. The long-term trend, however, shows farm-to-wholesale price spreads increasing less than inflation. And, more labor-intensive services offered by retailers account for some of the widening in wholesale-to-retail meat price spreads.
Limitations in Using Luminosity Distance to Determine the Equation of State of the Universe (2001)

Supernova searches have been been suggested as a method for determining precisely the current value and time variation of the equation of state, w, of the dark energy component responsible for the accelerated expansion of the Universe. We show that the method is fundamentally limited by the fact that luminosity distance depends on w through a multiple integral relation that smears out information about w and its time variation. The effect degrades the resolution of w that can be obtained from current data.
Deepseg: Abdominal Organ Segmentation Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (2016)

A fully automatic method for abdominal organ segmentation is presented. The method uses a robust initialization step based on a multi-atlas approach where the center of the organ is estimated together with a region of interest surrounding the center. As a second step a convolutional neural network performing pixelwise classification is applied. The convolutional neural network consists of several full 3D convolutional layers and takes two input features, which are designed to ensure both local and global consistency. Despite limited training data, our preliminary experimental results are on par with state-of-the-art approaches that have been developed over many years. More specifically the method is applied to the MICCAI2015 challenge “Multi-Atlas Labeling Beyond the Cranial Vault” in the free competition for organ segmentation in the abdomen. It achieved the best results\nfor 3 out of the 13 organs with a total mean dice coefficient of 0.757 for all organs. Top score was achieved for the gallbladder, the aorta and the right adrenal gland.
Aromatic C–H coupling with hindered arylboronic acids by Pd/Fe dual catalysts (2013)

An aerobic oxidative coupling of arenes/alkenes with arylboronic acids (C–H/C–B coupling) using catalytic Pd(II)–sulfoxide–oxazoline (sox) ligand and iron–phthalocyanine (FePc) has been developed. This dual catalyst system enables the synthesis of sterically hindered heterobiaryls and styrene derivatives under air without stoichiometric co-oxidants. Additionally, this chemistry demonstrated an advance toward an enantioselective biaryl coupling through C–H functionalization.
Quantification of IgG monoclonal antibody clearance in tissues (2017)

Monoclonal antibodies are an important therapeutic entity, and knowledge of antibody pharmacokinetics has steadily increased over the years. Despite this effort, little is known about the extent of IgG antibody degradation in different tissues of the body. While studies have been published identifying sites of degradation with the use of residualizing and non-residualizing radiolabels, quantitative tissue clearances have not yet been derived. Here, we show that in physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models we can combine mouse data of Indium-111 and Iodine-125 labeled antibodies with prior physiologic knowledge to determine tissue-specific intrinsic clearances. Unspecific total tissue clearance (mL/day) in the mouse was estimated to be: liver = 4.75; brain = 0.02; gut = 0.40; heart = 0.07; kidney = 0.97; lung = 0.20; muscle = 3.02; skin = 3.89; spleen = 0.45; rest of body = 2.16. The highest catabolic activity (per g tissue) was in spleen for an FcRn wild-type antibody, but shifts to the liver for an antibody with reduced FcRn affinity. In the model developed, this shift can be explained by the liver having a greater FcRn-mediated protection capacity than the spleen. The quantification of tissue intrinsic clearances and FcRn salvage capacity increases our understanding of quantitative processes that drive the therapeutic responses of antibodies. This knowledge is critical, for instance to estimate the non-specific cellular uptake and degradation of antibodies used for targeted delivery of payloads.
L/S-band 140-W push-pull power AlGaAs/GaAs HFET's for digital cellular base stations (1999)

An L/S band high-power and low-distortion AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure field-effect-transistor amplifier has been developed. The amplifier employed two pairs of prematched GaAs chips mounted on a single package, and the total output power was combined in a push-pull configuration with a low-loss microstrip balun circuit. The developed amplifier demonstrated state of-the-art performance of 140 W output power with 11.5 dB linear gain at 2.2 GHz. In addition, it exhibited extremely low distortion performance, which is suitable for digital cellular base station system applications.
Structures and Heats of Formation of Simple Alkali Metal Compounds: Hydrides, Chlorides, Fluorides, Hydroxides, and Oxides for Li, Na, and K (2010)

Geometry parameters, frequencies, heats of formation, and bond dissociation energies are predicted for simple alkali metal compounds (hydrides, chlorides, fluorides, hydroxides and oxides) of Li, Na, and K from coupled cluster theory [CCSD(T)] calculations including core-valence correlation with the aug-cc-pwCVnZ basis set (n = D, T, Q, and 5). To accurately calculate the heats of formation, the following additional correction were included: scalar relativistic effects, atomic spin-orbit effects, and vibrational zero-point energies. For calibration purposes, the properties of some of the lithium compounds were predicted with iterative triple and quadruple excitations via CCSDT and CCSDTQ. The calculated geometry parameters, frequencies, heats of formation, and bond dissociation energies were compared with all available experimental measurements and are in excellent agreement with high-quality experimental data. High-level calculations are required to correctly predict that K(2)O is linear and that the ground state of KO is (2)Sigma(+), not (2)Pi, as in LiO and NaO. This reliable and consistent set of calculated thermodynamic data is appropriate for use in combustion and atmospheric simulations.
Development of Metal-Cutting Guardrail Terminal (1996)

A crashworthy terminal for strong-post W-beam guardrail systems was developed at the Midwest Roadside Safety Facility at the University of Nebraska—Lincoln. The terminal incorporates an impact head that is placed over the end of a tangent section of W-beam rail. The impact head is designed to be pushed down the rail and to dissipate impact energy by cutting the W-beam along the peaks and valley to produce four essentially flat strips of steel. These flat strips are then deflected out of the path of the vehicle, striking the end of the rail. Static and dynamic component tests as well as full-scale developmental crash tests conducted during the development of this system are described. Finally, the results of the three full-scale compliance crash tests are presented and discussed. The metal-cutting guardrail terminal was shown to meet NCHRP Report 230 safety performance standards.
Automatic Room Segmentation From Unstructured 3-D Data of Indoor Environments (2017)

We present an automatic approach for the task of reconstructing a 2-D floor plan from unstructured point clouds of building interiors. Our approach emphasizes accurate and robust detection of building structural elements and, unlike previous approaches, does not require prior knowledge of scanning device poses. The reconstruction task is formulated as a multiclass labeling problem that we approach using energy minimization. We use intuitive priors to define the costs for the energy minimization problem and rely on accurate wall and opening detection algorithms to ensure robustness. We provide detailed experimental evaluation results, both qualitative and quantitative, against state-of-the-art methods and labeled ground-truth data.
The general architecture of generation in ACORD (1990)

This paper describes the general architecture of generation in the ACORD project. The central module of this architecture is a planning component, which allows to plan single sentences as an answer to a KB query. The planner works for three different languages (English, French and German) and for sentence generators based on two different grammar formalisms (UCG for English and French, LFG for German) independent of the particular grammar or grammar formalism. It uses several knowledge sources of the ACORD system to make its decisions. The output of the planner is used for the language specific generators as well as for the update of information needed for pronoun resolution.
Synthetic Amphipathic β-Sheet Temporin-Derived Peptide with Dual Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities (2022)

Temporin family is one of the largest among antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which act mainly by penetrating and disrupting the bacterial membranes. To further understand the relationship between the physical-chemical properties and their antimicrobial activity and selectivity, an analogue of Temporin L, [Nle<sup>1</sup>, dLeu<sup>9</sup>, dLys<sup>10</sup>]TL (Nle-Phe-Val-Pro-Trp-Phe-Lys-Phe-dLeu-dLys-Arg-Ile-Leu-CONH<sub>2</sub>) has been developed in the present work. The design strategy consisted of the addition of a norleucine residue at the N-terminus of the lead peptide sequence, [dLeu<sup>9</sup>, dLys<sup>10</sup>]TL, previously developed by our group. This modification promoted an increase of peptide hydrophobicity and, interestingly, more efficient activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains, without affecting human keratinocytes and red blood cells survival compared to the lead peptide. Thus, this novel compound was subjected to biophysical studies, which showed that the peptide [Nle<sup>1</sup>, dLeu<sup>9</sup>, dLys<sup>10</sup>]TL is unstructured in water, while it adopts β-type conformation in liposomes mimicking bacterial membranes, in contrast to its lead peptide forming α-helical aggregates. After its aggregation in the bacterial membrane, [Nle<sup>1</sup>, dLeu<sup>9</sup>, dLys<sup>10</sup>]TL induced membrane destabilization and deformation. In addition, the increase of peptide hydrophobicity did not cause a loss of anti-inflammatory activity of the peptide [Nle<sup>1</sup>, dLeu<sup>9</sup>, dLys<sup>10</sup>]TL in comparison with its lead peptide. In this study, our results demonstrated that positive net charge, optimum hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance, and chain length remain the most important parameters to be addressed while designing small cationic AMPs.
Nanoparticle Separation in Salted Droplet Microreactors (2002)

Nanoparticles were synthesized using a modified aerosol decomposition process. The goal of this work was to investigate the breakup of micrometer/submicrometer particles into nanosized particles in salt microreactors using NiO synthesis as a model. The influence of various operating conditions such as temperature, type of salt, salt composition, and concentration on the separation process were investigated. The results show that addition of inorganic salts leads to substantial changes in particles which are produced and that nanoparticles can be obtained under a variety of conditions. An optimum temperature range exists for nanoparticle separation. Different types of salts and precursors have great influences on the separation process as well as the characteristics of the products, which, along with synthesis temperature, can be used to control the properties of the final product.