gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bispecific antibody-activated T cells enhance NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (2021)

Resistance to anti-cancer monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy remains a clinical challenge. Previous work in our laboratory has shown that T cell help in the form of interleukin-2 maintains long-term NK cell viability and NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Lack of such T cell help may be a potential mechanism for resistance to mAb therapy. Here, we evaluate whether concomitant treatment with anti-CD3 × anti-cancer bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) can overcome this resistance by enhancing T cell help, and thereby maintaining long-term NK cell-mediated ADCC. Normal donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells were depleted of T cells, replenished with defined numbers of autologous T cells (from 0.75 to 50%) and co-cultured with mono-/bispecific antibody-treated target tumor cells for up to 7 days. At low T cell concentrations, bsAb-activated T cells (mainly CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells) were more effective than resting T cells at maintaining NK cell viability and ADCC. Brief (4 h to 2 day) bsAb exposure was sufficient to enhance long-term ADCC by NK cells. These findings raise the hypothesis that local T cell activation mediated by systemic treatment with anti-CD3 X anti-cancer bsAb may enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of monospecific mAbs that mediate their primary therapeutic effect via NK-mediated ADCC.
Conformational Characterization of the 1-Aminocyclobutane-1-carboxylic Acid Residue in Model Peptides (1997)

A series of N- and C-protected, monodispersed homo-oligopeptides (to the dodecamer level) from the small-ring alicyclic C alpha, alpha-dialkylated glycine 1-aminocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid (Ac4c) and two Ala/Ac4c tripeptides were synthesized by solution methods and fully characterized. The conformational preferences of all the model peptides were determined in deuterochloroform solution by FT-IR absorption and 1H-NMR. The molecular structures of the amino acid derivatives Z-Ac4c-OH and Z2-Ac4c-OH, the tripeptides Z-(Ac4c)3-OtBu, Z-Ac4c-(L-Ala)2-OMe and Z-L-Ala-Ac4c-L-Ala-OMe, and the tetrapeptide Z-(Ac4c)4-OtBu were determined in the crystal state by X-ray diffraction. The average geometry of the cyclobutyl moiety of the Ac4c residue was assessed and the tau(N-C alpha-C') bond angle was found to be significantly expanded from the regular tetrahedral value. The conformational data are strongly in favour of the conclusion that the Ac4c residue is an effective beta-turn and helix former. A comparison with the structural propensities of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, the prototype of C alpha, alpha-dialkylated glycines, and the other extensively investigated members of the family of 1-aminocycloalkane-1-carboxylic acids (Acnc, with n = 3, 5-8) is made and the implications for the use of the Ac4c residue in conformationally constrained peptide analogues are briefly examined.
Editorial Commentary: Should the Virchow Triad Have Been a Quartet? Is High Altitude a Risk Factor for Deep Venous Thrombosis After Knee Arthroscopy? (2016)

The Virchow triad includes stasis of blood flow, endothelial injury, and hypercoagulability. It forms the physiological foundation for the development of one of our most dreaded complications: deep venous thrombosis. Although the complication rate after knee arthroscopy remains low, significant morbidity may be associated with thromboembolic events. Tyson et al. report an increased incidence of venous thromboembolism in knee operations performed at higher altitudes versus those conducted closer to sea level. Multiple acquired conditions and inherited traits have been identified as risk factors for the development of venous thromboembolism. Geographic altitude should be included within this list.
A plasma membrane proton ATPase in specialized cells of rat epididymis (1992)

Acidification of the luminal fluid in the epididymis is believed to play an important role in sperm maturation. Previous studies have shown that specialized cells in the epithelium lining the epididymis contain high levels of carbonic anhydrase and that these cells have rod-shaped intramembraneous particles when examined by freeze fracture. Both of these features are characteristic of proton-transporting intercalated cells in the kidney collecting duct. We now show that apical cells in the head of the epididymis and clear cells in the body and tail of the epididymis express high levels of a vacuolar proton-pumping adenosinetriphosphatase on their apical plasma membranes and on intracellular vesicles. By analogy with kidney intercalated cells, these cell types may be specialized for acid secretion in the epididymis.
Adsorption and activation of ethene by zeolite-H-ZSM-5 (1980)

Thermogravimetric adsorption data for C2H4 and H2O and i.r. and n.m.r. spectroscopic results are combined to obtain information on the role played by acidic Brönsted sites in the H-ZSM-5 zeolite in the adsorption and activation of C2H4. Water and ethene compete for such sites in various ways which depend on the pretreatment of the zeolite. Physisorbed water prevents the adsorption of C2H4. Ethene is readily activated and reacts on the Brönsted acidic sites, even at room temperature. There is further evidence for the formation of carbenium-type intermediates.
Cellular Insulin Resistance in Adipocytes from Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Subjects Involves Adenosine Modulation of Insulin Sensitivity1 (1997)

Cellular insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been shown to involve a novel postbinding defect in insulin signal transduction. To find possible mechanisms for this defect, adipocytes were isolated from age- and weight-matched obese normal cycling (NC) and PCOS subjects. Insulin sensitivity for glucose transport stimulation was impaired in PCOS adipocytes (EC50 = 290 +/- 42 pmol/L) compared to that in NC cells (93 +/- 14; P < 0.005). The lipolytic responses to isoproterenol as well as maximal suppression by insulin were similar in NC and PCOS adipocytes. However, PCOS cells were less sensitive to the antilipolytic effect of insulin (EC50 = 115 +/- 33 pmol/L) compared to NC cells (42 +/- 8; P < 0.01). Treatment of adipocytes from NC subjects with the adenosine receptor agonist N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine had no effect on either insulin responsiveness or sensitivity for glucose transport stimulation. However, N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine treatment was able to normalize insulin sensitivity in PCOS cells (EC50 = 285 +/- 47 vs. 70 +/- 15 pmol/L, before and after treatment; P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that insulin resistance in PCOS, as accessed in the adipocyte, occurs at an early step in insulin signaling that is common for glucose transport and lipolysis. In addition, this insulin resistance involves an impairment of the system by which adenosine acts to modulate insulin signal transduction.
Physiological Changes in Glucose Differentially Modulate the Excitability of Hypothalamic Melanin-Concentrating Hormone and Orexin NeuronsIn Situ (2005)

The physiological signaling mechanisms that link normal variations in body energy status to the activity of arousal- and metabolism-regulating brain centers are not well understood. The melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and orexin/hypocretin types of neurons of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) exert opposing effects on arousal and metabolism. We examined whether shifts in brain extracellular glucose that correspond to physiological changes in blood glucose can alter the electrical output of neurochemically and biophysically defined LH cells in mouse brain slices. Here, we show that physiologically relevant concentrations of glucose dose-dependently enhance the electrical excitability of MCH neurons by inducing depolarization and increasing membrane resistance. We also demonstrate that the same physiological shifts in glucose have the opposite effects on the electrical activity of orexin neurons. We propose that these direct actions of glucose on the arousal- and metabolism-regulating LH neurons play a key role in the translation of normal variations in body energy resources into appropriate changes in arousal and metabolism.
Condensed matter chemistry under ‘extreme’ high pressure–high temperature conditions (2004)

Improved techniques for high-pressure experiments have led to new studies of the structure and physical properties of materials compressed to extremely high densities. Now we must fully enable the field of condensed matter chemistry under extreme high-pressure conditions. This will require development of strategies for the analysis and control of the chemical composition during reactions between solid, liquid and fluid phases. Such approaches already exist within the fields of experimental geochemistry and petrology, and they can be readily adapted to the wider area of chemistry. The first consideration is the manipulation and determination of stable and metastable pressure–temperature phase diagrams, illustrated here for the one-component system Si. Next, relationships between P, T and the chemical composition, X, expressed in terms of the chemical potential (μ) or the activity–composition relations, can be used to constrain and determine components within the system. This is illustrated by examples drawn from our recent work on high-pressure syntheses of boron suboxides (B6O1 − δ) and (Si, Ge)3N4 nitride spinels.
Basal protrusion of ulcers induced by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) during treatment with proton pump inhibitors, and the suppressive effects of polaprezinc. (2010)

Polaprezinc prevents protrusion of the ulcer base during the healing of ESD-induced ulcer with PPI.
SABRE: Ligand/Structure-Based Virtual Screening Approach Using Consensus Molecular-Shape Pattern Recognition (2013)

We present an efficient and rational ligand/structure shape-based virtual screening approach combining our previous ligand shape-based similarity SABRE (shape-approach-based routines enhanced) and the 3D shape of the receptor binding site. Our approach exploits the pharmacological preferences of a number of known active ligands to take advantage of the structural diversities and chemical similarities, using a linear combination of weighted molecular shape density. Furthermore, the algorithm generates a consensus molecular-shape pattern recognition that is used to filter and place the candidate structure into the binding pocket. The descriptor pool used to construct the consensus molecular-shape pattern consists of four dimensional (4D) fingerprints generated from the distribution of conformer states available to a molecule and the 3D shapes of a set of active ligands computed using SABRE software. The virtual screening efficiency of SABRE was validated using the Database of Useful Decoys (DUD) and the filtered version (WOMBAT) of 10 DUD targets. The ligand/structure shape-based similarity SABRE algorithm outperforms several other widely used virtual screening methods which uses the data fusion of multiscreening tools (2D and 3D fingerprints) and demonstrates a superior early retrieval rate of active compounds (EF(0.1%) = 69.0% and EF(1%) = 98.7%) from a large size of ligand database (∼95,000 structures). Therefore, our developed similarity approach can be of particular use for identifying active compounds that are similar to reference molecules and predicting activity against other targets (chemogenomics). An academic license of the SABRE program is available on request.
Pyridine catalyzed polymerization of maleimide in water solution (1973)

Abstract By action of pyridine, maleimide undergoes polymerization in water at room temperature. The polymers formed have low molecular weights ( M n between 500 and 1000) and their structure seems to involve predominantly succinimide type units.
Energy-Efficient In-Memory Data Stores on Hybrid Memory Hierarchies (2015)

Increasingly large amounts of data are stored in main memory of data center servers. However, DRAM-based memory is an important consumer of energy and is unlikely to scale in the future. Various byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies promise high density and near-zero static energy, however they suffer from increased latency and increased dynamic energy consumption.
Development of Newly Designed Ultra-Light Core Structures (2006)

By folding a thin flat sheet with periodically set slits or punched out portions into the third dimension, ultra-lightweight strong and functional core models are newly devised. The basic idea of this modeling arises from the application of origami technique to engineering. Based on the space filling models, fundamental flat cores and skew type sponge cores have been newly developed. By applying these models, such modified core models as curved cores and 3D honeycomb core are newly devised.
A Cost-Efficient Skipping Based Spectrum Sensing Scheme Via Reinforcement Learning (2021)

Considering the continuance feature of the spectrum idle state observed from our spectrum measurements, in this paper, we propose a novel <underline xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SK</u> ipping b <underline xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</u> sed spec <underline xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</u> rum s <underline xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">E</u> nsing (SKATE) scheme for cognitive radio (CR) transmissions. Instead of sensing at each time slot, we skip the sensing process in some following slots if a band is captured in an idle state, so that the sensing cost could be reduced significantly. For the STAKE scheme, how to determine the number of slots to skip is the key, where more slots could bring more benefits, but also with a higher probability to cause collisions. Since the perfect knowledge on spectrum environment might be hardly obtainable in practice, to enable the device to predict the spectrum state effectively and achieve the optimal joint decision on both band selection and skipped slots, we develop a reinforcement learning (RL) based solution for the SKATE scheme to make it learn the optimal strategy asymptotically. Both real and simulated spectrum data are adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed RL based SKATE scheme.
The Synthesis of 3-Chloro-2-chloromethyl-1-propene from Pentaerythritol1 (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of 3-Chloro-2-chloromethyl-1-propene from Pentaerythritol1Aram Mooradian and J. B. ClokeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 6, 942–944Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01222a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01222a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views639Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stereoselective Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained Tropane Analogues: 6‐Chloro‐2,5‐diazatetracyclo [8.5.0.02,13.04,9]pentadeca‐4,6,8‐triene‐11‐one and 6‐Chloro‐2,7‐diazatetracyclo [8.5.0.02,13.04,9]pentadeca‐4,6,8‐triene‐11‐one. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Immunocytochemical Identification and Localization of the Mr 22,000 Calcium‐binding Protein (Sorcin) in an Adriamycin‐resistant Myelogenous Leukemia Cell Line (1989)

Monoclonal antibody against the Mr 22,000 calcium‐binding protein (sorcin) from an adriamycin‐resistant myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 (K562/ADM) was prepared and used as a probe to study the localization of sorcin in K562/ADM cells and the parental cell line, K562. Analysis of extracts from K562/ADM cells by sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorescence image analysis showed that K562/ADM cells possessed abundant sorcin in the cytoplasm which was almost entirely absent from the drug‐sensitive parental cell line, K562. Furthermore, immuno‐electron microscopic studies revealed that sorcin was closely associated with free ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, microfilament bundles and perinuclear membranes. These observations provide the first clue that the Ca‐binding protein, sorcin, may play an important role in the development of the multidrug resistance phenomenon, although the relationship between sorcin and P‐glycoprotein is still unknown.
Far-Field Radiation in Poroelastic Media from a Point Source in a Fluid-Filled Borehole (2007)

P098 Far-Field Radiation in Poroelastic Media from a Point Source in a Fluid-Filled Borehole S.R. Ziatdinov* (St.-Petersburg State University) A.V. Bakulin (Shell International Exploration and Production Inc) B.M. Kashtan (St.- Petersburg State University) &amp; V.N. Troyan (St.-Petersburg State University) SUMMARY Cross-well seismic with direct reflected and tube waves is often used for imaging and monitoring of oil and gas reservoirs. Even though downhole sources are usually located in the borehole fluid at low frequencies their radiation is modified by the presence of poroelastic formations surrounding the well. Permeable formations also enhance the conversion of borehole tube waves into body or
Comparison of Endoscopic and Radiological Residual Fragment Rate following Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy (1991)

The stone-free rate after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is primarily determined by a plain abdominal radiograph alone. However, the accuracy of that assessment can be challenged by renal tomography and flexible nephroscopy. We report on 29 patients with large renal calculi treated with a combination of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and ESWL. Stone-free rates were determined by plain abdominal radiograph, renal tomography and flexible nephroscopy. The plain abdominal radiograph and renal tomography overestimated stone-free rates by 35% and 17%, respectively, compared to flexible nephroscopy. To determine stone-free rates after ESWL renal tomography is superior to a plain abdominal radiograph alone. Also, among patients with large renal calculi the use of the flexible nephroscope markedly improves the stone-free rate.
Organization of a gene in drosophila : a progress report : Drosophila melanogaster, rosy Zocus, XDH, genetic fine structure, peptide coding region, cis-acting control element (1978)

The present report summarizes our progress in the genetic dissection of an elementary genetic unit in a higher organism. The rosy locus (ry:3-52.0) in Drosophila melanogaster codes for xanthine dehydrogenase, and is characterized by several classes of induced mutants as well as naturally occurring variants. Pursuing the hypothesis that the rosy locus includes a non-coding, control region as well as a structural element coding for the XDH peptide, experiments have been carried out which place genetic boundaries to the structural element in terms of a map of unambiguous structural element variants. More than sixty sites have been mapped within the boundaries of the structural element. Presently, our research is largely concerned with the elaboration of a cis acting control element located adjacent to the structural element.
Caption Enriched Samples for Improving Hateful Memes Detection (2021)

The recently introduced hateful meme challenge demonstrates the difficulty of determining whether a meme is hateful or not. Specifically, both unimodal language models and multimodal vision-language models cannot reach the human level of performance. Motivated by the need to model the contrast between the image content and the overlayed text, we suggest applying an off-the-shelf image captioning tool in order to capture the first. We demonstrate that the incorporation of such automatic captions during fine-tuning improves the results for various unimodal and multimodal models. Moreover, in the unimodal case, continuing the pre-training of language models on augmented and original caption pairs, is highly beneficial to the classification accuracy. Our code is publicly available 1 .
All optical control of magnetization in quantum confined ultrathin magnetic metals (2021)

All-optical control dynamics of magnetization in sub-10 nm metallic thin films are investigated, as these films with quantum confinement undergo unique interactions with femtosecond laser pulses. Our theoretical analysis based on the free electron model shows that the density of states at Fermi level (DOS<sub>F</sub>) and electron-phonon coupling coefficients (G<sub>ep</sub>) in ultrathin metals have very high sensitivity to film thickness within a few angstroms. We show that completely different magnetization dynamics characteristics emerge if DOS<sub>F</sub> and G<sub>ep</sub> depend on thickness compared with bulk metals. Our model suggests highly efficient energy transfer from femtosecond laser photons to spin waves due to minimal energy absorption by phonons. This sensitivity to the thickness and efficient energy transfer offers an opportunity to obtain ultrafast on-chip magnetization dynamics.
Imaging (2011)

Stem cells have been touted as the holy grail of medical therapy, with promises to regenerate cardiac tissue, but it appears the jury is still out on this novel therapy. Using advanced imaging technology, scientists have discovered that these cells do not survive nor engraft long-term. In addition, only marginal benefit has been observed in large-animal studies and human trials. However, all is not lost. Further application of advanced imaging technology will help scientists unravel the mysteries of stem cell therapy and address the clinical hurdles facing its routine implementation. In this review, we will discuss how advanced imaging technology will help investigators better define the optimal delivery method, improve survival and engraftment, and evaluate efficacy and safety. Insights gained from this review may direct the development of future preclinical investigations and clinical trials.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography: Clinical Neuro-Orbital Anatomy (1992)

Provides up-to-date coverage of recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. The book includes references for further research and a self-study examination.