gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Particle in cell simulation of a radiofrequency plasma jet expanding in vacuum (2015)

The effect of a pressure gradient (∼133 Pa–0.133 Pa) on electron and ion energy distributions in a radiofrequency (rf at 13.56 MHz) argon plasma jet is studied using a 1D-3v Particle In Cell (PIC) simulation. The PIC domain is three times that of the 0.018 m long plasma cavity and the total simulation time is 1 ms. Ion heating and acceleration up to a drift velocity about 2000 m s−1 are measured along the jet's main expansion axis. Elastic and charge exchange ion-neutral collisions histograms computed at equilibrium during 0.74 ms show that charge exchange collisions act as the main neutral heating mechanism.
Supplementary Table from Ewing Sarcoma and Osteosarcoma Have Distinct Immune Signatures and Intercellular Communication Networks (2023)

Supplementary Table from Ewing Sarcoma and Osteosarcoma Have Distinct Immune Signatures and Intercellular Communication Networks
New strategies and perspectives on managing IgA nephropathy (2019)

IgA nephropathy is an inflammatory renal disease characterised by the deposition of IgA in the glomerular mesangium and is the most commonly reported primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Thirty to forty percent of patients with the disease develop progressive renal function decline, requiring renal replacement therapy within two decades of diagnosis. Despite this, accurate individual risk stratification at diagnosis and predicting treatment response remains a challenge. Furthermore, there are currently no disease specific treatments currently licensed to treat the condition due to long standing challenges in the nature and prevalence of the disease. Despite this, there have been exciting recent advances in the field that may represent paradigm shifts in the way IgA nephropathy is managed in the near future. In this review, we explore the evidence base informing current approaches to management and explore new strategies and future directions in the diagnosis and management of IgA nephropathy.
Neurofeedback, Self-Regulation, and Brain Imaging: Clinical Science and Fad in the Service of Mental Disorders (2015)

Neurofeedback draws on multiple techniques that propel both healthy and patient populations to self-regulate neural activity. Since the 1970s, numerous accounts have promoted electroencephalography-neurofeedback as a viable treatment for a host of mental disorders. Today, while the number of health care providers referring patients to neurofeedback practitioners increases steadily, substantial methodological and conceptual caveats continue to pervade empirical reports. And yet, nascent imaging technologies (e.g., real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging) and increasingly rigorous protocols are paving the road towards more effective applications and a better scientific understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Here, we outline common neurofeedback methods, illuminate the tenuous state of the evidence, and sketch out future directions to further unravel the potential merits of this contentious therapeutic prospect.
Approaches to protein hydration and water activity in food proteins by nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation and vapor pressure equilibration techniques (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApproaches to protein hydration and water activity in food proteins by nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation and vapor pressure equilibration techniquesPatricia A. Myers-Betts and Ion C. BaianuCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1990, 38, 5, 1171–1177Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00095a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (924 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Fast-response atmospheric-pollutant monitor (1980)

Fast infrared spectrometer measures atmospheric C0, CH4, and HC1 over range of 1 to 12 ppm. With modifications it could measure other pollutants and use natural light as source. Cell filled with sample to be measured filters out spectral lines of interest. Infrared beam passes through rotating cell holder that produces chopped signals at two frequencies. Difference in signal amplitudes depends on amount of test gas in sample. Signal processing circuitry amplifies and separates test-gas and reference signals.
Frequency-multiplexed single-photon sources using electro-optic frequency translation (2017)

Summary form only given. Here we demonstrate a novel frequency-multiplexed scheme in which the number of physical components is independent of the number of heralded sources to be combined. In particular, we use one nonlinear interaction, one heralding wavelength-resolving detector, and one electro-optic phase modulator (Fig. 1a). A pulsed spontaneous PDC source generates frequency-correlated photon pairs (Fig. 1b). We use a time-of-flight singlephoton spectrometer [4] to measure a heralding photon with 0.09 nm resolution. Feed-forward control with an electro-optic serrodyne modulator [5] shifts the heralded photon to the desired output frequency (Fig. 1c).
Effect of increasing propyl group substitution on permethyl polyazine (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of increasing propyl group substitution on permethyl polyazineWilliam B. Euler and Gregory S. KingCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 12, 4664–4666Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00202a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00202a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
SpyA, a C3-Like ADP-Ribosyltransferase, Contributes to Virulence in a Mouse Subcutaneous Model of Streptococcus pyogenes Infection (2011)

Streptococcus pyogenes is an important human pathogen with an expansive repertoire of verified and putative virulence factors. Here we demonstrate that a mutant deficient in the production of the streptococcal ADP-ribosyltransferase SpyA generates lesions of reduced size in a subcutaneous mouse infection model. At early stages of infection, when the difference in lesion size is first established, inflamed tissue isolated from lesions of mice infected with spyA mutant bacteria has higher levels of mRNA encoding the chemokines CXCL1 and CCL2 than does tissue isolated from mice infected with wild-type bacteria. In addition, at these early times, the mRNA levels for the gene encoding the intermediate filament vimentin are higher in the mutant-infected tissue. As wound resolution progresses, mRNA levels of the gene encoding matrix metallopeptidase 2 are lower in mutant-infected tissue. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the spyA mutant is internalized more efficiently than wild-type bacteria by HeLa cells. We conclude that SpyA contributes to streptococcal pathogenesis in the mouse subcutaneous infection model. Our observations suggest that the presence of SpyA delays wound healing in this model.
Immunolocalization of Hco-ACR-26 and Hco-ACR-27 in <i>H</i>. <i>contortus</i>. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;contortus&lt;/i&gt; L2 larval stage and adult males were fixed and incubated with affinity-purified antibodies raised against Hco-ACR-26 and Hco-ACR-27 subunits. Alexa 594- and Alexa 488- labeled secondary antibodies were used to determine the localization of Hco-ACR-26 (red) and Hco-ACR-27 (green) respectively. &lt;b&gt;(A and B)&lt;/b&gt; Transmitted light and corresponding fluorescent apotome imaging performed on &lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;contortus&lt;/i&gt; L2 stage. Nematode’s nuclei were stained in blue using DAPI. &lt;b&gt;Panel A&lt;/b&gt; shows a staining for Hco-ACR-26 and Hco-ACR-27 in striated cells of the nematode. &lt;b&gt;Panel B&lt;/b&gt; shows that in a deeper focal section, Hco-ACR-26 and Hco-ACR-27 were also found to be expressed in another tissue potentially corresponding to the nerve ring (white arrows). &lt;b&gt;(C, D and E)&lt;/b&gt; Confocal microscopy performed on L2 stage &lt;b&gt;(C and E)&lt;/b&gt; and cross section of adult males &lt;b&gt;(D)&lt;/b&gt;. Body wall muscle cells were stained using primary antibodies raised against the myosin protein and further revealed with secondary Alexa 350-labeled antibodies (blue). &lt;b&gt;(E)&lt;/b&gt; Negative control performed with anti-Hco-ACR-26 and anti-Hco-ACR-27 pre-adsorbed with their respective peptide antigen. For A, B, C and E anterior region is to the right. The scale bars correspond to 20 μm.&lt;/p&gt;
The Impact of Posture on Cardiac Repolarization: More Than Heart Rate? (2006)

We have demonstrated a postural effect on cardiac repolarization independent of heart rate using two individualized correction methods, as well as QTc-F and QTc-LR, and the bin method. Characterization of postural differences in QT/QTc (other than QTc-B) may provide a safe and inexpensive physiological control to validate the ECG methodology used in clinical trials to assess potential drug-induced QT interval changes.
A configurable CMOS memory platform for 3D-integrated memristors (2015)

Memristors are emerging as powerful nanoscale devices for diverse applications, such as high-density memories and neuromorphic applications. However, this nascent technology requires considerable advancement before this vision is realized. We present a highly configurable CMOS interface chip which enables the characterization of on-chip memristors, especially for memory applications. The chip was fabricated in On-Semi 3M2P 0.5 μm occupying 2×2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The chip design allows for post-CMOS fabrication of memristors. The interface between the memristor and the CMOS circuitry was provided via a top metal contact. The chip was designed to support an area-distributed interface decoupling CMOS pitch and memristor pitch, enabling high-density memristor integration. Measurement results on post-CMOS fabricated Ag/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Pt memristive devices are reported. Though we have shown the results from one memristive material stack, thorough chip characterization demonstrates the versatility of the chip enabling its use with a wide variety of materials stacks.
Breakdown of Pippard ineffectiveness condition for phonon-electron scattering in micro and nanostructures (2000)

The Pippard ineffectiveness condition—that electrons strongly scattering from impurities and defects are ineffective in scattering phonons—is based on the assumption that electron scatterers vibrate in the same way as the host lattice. Then the relaxation rate of a low-energy phonon with the wave vector q is 1/τph − e ∼ u2q2l/vF (u and vF are the sound velocity and Fermi velocity, l is the electron mean free path). Boundaries and defects moving differently from host lattice drastically change the character of the interference between scattering processes and increase the phonon-electron coupling. In the presence of the quasistatic potential the phonon relaxation is (q2lL)−1 times faster: 1/τph − e ∼ u2/(vFL) (L is the electron mean free path with respect to scattering from the quasistatic potential). Analogous effect is expected for phonons with ω ∼ 0.01ωD (ωD is the Debye frequency) in conductors with substitutional disorder.-1
Inhibition and deficiency of the immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 suppress the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma in mice (2017)

New treatment options and drug targets for colorectal carcinoma are a pressing medical need. Inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by Th1 and Th17 cells like IL-6, TNF, IL-17 and IL-23 promote the development and growth of colorectal cancer (CRC). The immunoproteasome is a proteasome subtype highly expressed in immune cells but also in the intestine. Since the immunoproteasome promotes Th1 and Th17 differentiation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, we investigated here whether deficiency or inhibition of the immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 would interfere with CRC development and exacerbation in preventive and therapeutic mouse models. Treatment with the LMP7 inhibitor ONX 0914 blocked tumor initiation and progression in either chemically-induced (AOM/DSS) or transgenic mouse models (Apc<sup>Min/+</sup>) of colon carcinogenesis. ONX 0914 treatment strongly reduced tumor numbers and CRC-associated loss of body weight while the survival rates were significantly enhanced. Moreover, genetic LMP7 deficiency markedly reduced the tumor burden in AOM/DSS induced wild type and Apc<sup>Min/+</sup> mice. In conclusion, we show that the immunoproteasome is involved in CRC development and progression and we identify LMP7 as a new potential drug target for the treatment of CRC.
Adaptive multi-lag for synthetic aperture vector flow imaging (2014)

The range of detectable velocities in ultrasound flow imaging is linked to the user selection of pulse repetition frequency. Whenever a region with large differences in velocity magnitude is visualized, a trade-off has to be made. This work suggests an adaptive spatio-temporaly independent, multi-lag method, which is performed in synthetic aperture vector flow data. Measurements are made on laminar and pulsatile, transverse flow profiles. A 7 MHz linear array is connected to the SARUS research, and acquisitions are made on a vessel phantom with recirculating blood mimicking fluid driven by a software controlled pump. A multi-lag velocity estimation is performed, and a lag is adaptively selected for every estimation point. Results from the constant flow compared to a true parabolic profile show an improvement in relative bias from 76.99% to 0.91% and standard deviation from 13.60% to 1.83% for the low velocity flow of 0.04 m/s; and relative bias from −2.23% to −1.87% and standard deviation from 3.71% to 2.29% for the high velocity flow of 0.4 m/s.
USAP multiple access: dynamic resource allocation for mobile multihop multichannel wireless networking (2003)

A number of tactical military and commercial applications require self-organizing, wireless networks that can operate in dynamic environments and provide peer-to-peer, multi-hop, multimedia communications. Rockwell Collins developed the Soldier Phone to meet these needs as part of the WireCorn Engine Technology Reinvestment Program jointly sponsored by DARPA and CECOM. USAP multiple access is the part of the system that manages the TDMA slot and channel assignments for optimal operation in the face of changing topologies and traffic requirements.
Data Relay Board with Protocol for High-Speed, Free-Space Optical Communications (2004)

In a free-space optical communication system, the mitigation of transient outages through the incorporation of error-control methods is of particular concern, the outages being caused by scintillation fades and obscurants. The focus of this innovative technology is the development of a data relay system for a reliable high-data-rate free-spacebased optical-transport network. The data relay boards will establish the link, maintain synchronous connection, group the data into frames, and provide for automatic retransmission (ARQ) of lost or erred frames. A certain Quality of Service (QoS) can then be ensured, compatible with the required data rate. The protocol to be used by the data relay system is based on the draft CCSDS standard data-link protocol Proximity-1, selected by orbiters to multiple lander assets in the Mars network, for example. In addition to providing data-link protocol capabilities for the free-space optical link and buffering the data, the data relay system will interface directly with user applications over Gigabit Ethernet and/or with highspeed storage resources via Fibre Channel. The hardware implementation is built on a network-processor-based architecture. This technology combines the power of a hardware switch capable of data switching and packet routing at Gbps rates, with the flexibility of a software- driven processor that can host highly adaptive and reconfigurable protocols used, for example, in wireless local-area networks (LANs). The system will be implemented in a modular multi-board fashion. The main hardware elements of the data relay system are the new data relay board developed by Rockwell Scientific, a COTS Gigabit Ethernet board for user interface, and a COTS Fibre Channel board that connects to local storage. The boards reside in a cPCI back plane, and can be housed in a VME-type enclosure.
Structure of a paralytic peptide from an insect, Manduca sexta (1999)

Paralytic peptide 1 (PP1) from a moth, Manduca sexta, is a 23-residue peptide (Glu-Asn-Phe-Ala-Gly-Gly-Cys-Ala-Thr-Gly-Tyr-Leu-Arg-Thr-Ala-Asp-Gly-Arg -Cys-Lys-Pro-Thr-Phe) that was first found to have paralytic activity when injected into M. sexta larvae. Recent studies demonstrated that PP1 also stimulated the spreading and aggregation of a blood cell type called plasmatocytes and inhibited bleeding from wounds. We determined the solution structure of PP1 by two-dimensional 1H NMR spectroscopy to begin to understand structural-functional relationships of this peptide. PP1 has an ordered structure, which is composed of a short antiparallel beta-sheet at residues Tyr11-Thr14 and Arg18-Pro21, three beta turns at residues Phe3-Gly6, Ala8-Tyr11 and Thr14-Gly17, and a half turn at the carboxyl-terminus (residues Lys20-Phe23). The well-defined secondary and tertiary structure was stabilized by hydrogen bonding and side-chain hydrophobic interactions. In comparison with two related insect peptides, whose structures have been solved recently, the amino-terminal region of PP1 is substantially more ordered. The short antiparallel beta-sheet of PP1 has a folding pattern similar to the carboxyl-terminal subdomain of epidermal growth factor (EGF). Therefore, PP1 may interact with EGF receptor-like molecules to trigger its different biological activities.
Asynchronous calibration of quantitative computed tomography bone mineral density assessment for opportunistic osteoporosis screening: phantom-based validation and parameter influence evaluation (2022)

Asynchronous calibration could allow opportunistic screening based on routine CT for early osteoporosis detection. In this phantom study, a bone mineral density (BMD) calibration phantom and multi-energy CT (MECT) phantom were imaged on eight different CT scanners with multiple tube voltages (80-150 kV<sub>p</sub>) and image reconstruction settings (e.g. soft/hard kernel). Reference values for asynchronous BMD estimation were calculated from the BMD-phantom and validated with six calcium composite inserts of the MECT-phantom with known ground truth. Relative errors/changes in estimated BMD were calculated and investigated for influence of tube voltage, CT scanner and reconstruction setting. Reference values for 282 acquisitions were determined, resulting in an average relative error between calculated BMD and ground truth of - 9.2% ± 14.0% with a strong correlation (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99; p < 0.0001). Tube voltage and CT scanner had a significant effect on calculated BMD (p < 0.0001), with relative differences in BMD of 3.8% ± 28.2% when adapting reference values for tube voltage, - 5.6% ± 9.2% for CT scanner and 0.2% ± 0.2% for reconstruction setting, respectively. Differences in BMD were small when using reference values from a different CT scanner of the same model (0.0% ± 1.4%). Asynchronous phantom-based calibration is feasible for opportunistic BMD assessment based on CT images with reference values adapted for tube voltage and CT scanner model.
Quantitation of Antibodies to IgM, IgD and &#946;<sub>2</sub>-Microglobulin in Antisera to Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia Lymphocytes (1978)

Rabbit antisera were prepared to chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) lymphocytes and were tested for their reaction with radioiodinated, solubilized, cell surface proteins of normal and CLL lymphocytes. A pooled, hyperimmune antiserum precipitated at least 16 polypeptides from both normal and CLL lymphocytes as shown by sodium-dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These polypeptides varied in molecular weight from 11,000 to 180,000. None was prominent or unique to the CLL lymphocytes, although four peptide bands in the CLL cells usually showed more radioactivity than their counterparts in normal cells. Precipitation with antisera of known specificity showed that the cell surface proteins from CLL and normal lymphocytes included HLA antigens and beta2-microglobulin. IgM and IgD were found in preparations of normal cells and in cells of 3 of 5 CLL patients. Of cells from the other 2 patients, one showed only IgD and the other no Ig. An antigen-binding capacity test was employed to quantitate the antibody content of a pooled anti-CLL lymphocyte serum. The antiserum reacted with all Ig classes; however, after absorption with light chains and F(ab')2 fragments, the serum retained activity only for IgM and IgD. The absorbed antiserum bound 45 microgram IgM, 1.5 microgram IgD and 4.5 microgram beta2-microglobulin per milliliter. These data indicate that rabbit anti-CLL lymphocyte sera fail to detect a qualitatively unique tumor-specific polypeptide on the surfaces of CLL cells. However, such antisera contain antibodies to many cell surface proteins including IgM, IgD, HLA antigens and beta2-microglobulin.
Stereochemistry of 1,2,3-trisubstituted tetra hydro-β-carbolines (1989)

Several 1,2,3-trisubstituted tetrahydro-β-carboline diastereoisomers have been synthesized and studied by 1H and 13C n.m.r. methods and CD spectroscopy. The relative configurations and predominant conformation have been established.