gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal energy storage in columns packed with crosslinked polyethylene tubes (1984)

Abstract An energy storage system based on solid‐solid phase transition of crosslinked polyethylene was constructed and tested. The energy storage unit consisted of a column packed with crosslinked polyethylene tubes. The solid‐solid phase transition enables heat transfer by direct contact between the form‐stable polymer and the hot (cold) fluid. A theoretical model for the simulation of this system was developed. The heating‐cooling characteristics of the energy storage system were simulated by the model, using measured thermodynamic properties of the crosslinked polyethylene. The potential of various crosslinked polyethylene materials for energy storage applications will depend on sufficient high‐temperature stability.
Specificity, propagation, and memory of pericentric heterochromatin (2014)

The cell establishes heritable patterns of active and silenced chromatin via interacting factors that set, remove, and read epigenetic marks. To understand how the underlying networks operate, we have dissected transcriptional silencing in pericentric heterochromatin (PCH) of mouse fibroblasts. We assembled a quantitative map for the abundance and interactions of 16 factors related to PCH in living cells and found that stably bound complexes of the histone methyltransferase SUV39H1/2 demarcate the PCH state. From the experimental data, we developed a predictive mathematical model that explains how chromatin-bound SUV39H1/2 complexes act as nucleation sites and propagate a spatially confined PCH domain with elevated histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation levels via chromatin dynamics. This "nucleation and looping" mechanism is particularly robust toward transient perturbations and stably maintains the PCH state. These features make it an attractive model for establishing functional epigenetic domains throughout the genome based on the localized immobilization of chromatin-modifying enzymes.
Serum HBsAg quantification to predict response to peginterferon therapy of e antigen positive chronic hepatitis B (2010)

On-treatment serum hepatitis B surface antigen can predict response to peginterferon therapy in chronic hepatitis B.
A 10 b 150 MS/s 123 mW 0.18 μm CMOS pipelined ADC (2003)

A 10 b 150 MHz multi-bit-per-stage single-channel CMOS pipelined ADC, incorporating temperature- and supply-insensitive CMOS references and improved gate-bootstrapping techniques for a wideband SHA, achieves a SNDR of 52 dB and SFDR of 65 dB at 150 MS/s. The ADC, fabricated in 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS, occupies an active die area of 2.2 mm/sup 2/ and consumes 123 mW at 1.8 V.
Real Time Environment Map Interpolation (2005)

Environment mapping, or reflection mapping, has been widely used in the game and movie industries to give objects a realistic illumination atmosphere. For moving objects, direct frame-by-frame calculation of environment maps and correspondence-based interpolation are both impractical for real-time applications due to the large computational costs. To deal with this problem, "fake" environment mapping with a fixed, pre-generated environment image has been commonly used, but clearly such an approximation is inadequate for a highly reflective object whose environment is constantly changing as it moves. In this paper, we present an approach that sparsely samples environment maps of a moving object and rapidly interpolates them for high performance. Two techniques are introduced for fast environment map interpolation without computation of scene shading. The first method utilizes scene geometry to facilitate interpolation, and the second involves geometry reconstruction from depth buffer values to reduce inefficiencies caused by complex scene geometry. These two techniques can easily be implemented in graphics hardware, and test results show that they achieve significant boosts in performance over frame-by-frame environment map computation with little loss in visual quality.
Computationally Designed Peptide Inhibitors of Protein−Protein Interactions in Membranes (2008)

We recently reported a computational method (CHAMP) for designing sequence-specific peptides that bind to the membrane-embedded portions of transmembrane proteins. We successfully applied this method to design membrane-spanning peptides targeting the transmembrane domains of the alpha IIb subunit of integrin alpha IIbbeta 3. Previously, we demonstrated that these CHAMP peptides bind specifically with reasonable affinity to isolated transmembrane helices of the targeted transmembrane region. These peptides also induced integrin alpha IIbbeta 3 activation due to disruption of the helix-helix interactions between the transmembrane domains of the alpha IIb and beta 3 subunits. In this paper, we show the direct interaction of the designed anti-alpha IIb CHAMP peptide with isolated full-length integrin alpha IIbbeta 3 in detergent micelles. Further, the behavior of the designed peptides in phospholipid bilayers is essentially identical to their behavior in detergent micelles. In particular, the peptides assume a membrane-spanning alpha-helical conformation that does not disrupt bilayer integrity. The activity and selectivity of the CHAMP peptides were further explored in platelets, comfirming that anti-alpha IIb activates wild-type alpha IIbbeta 3 in whole cells as a result of its disruption of the protein-protein interactions between the alpha and beta subunits in the transmembrane regions. These results demonstrate that CHAMP is a successful chemical biology approach that can provide specific tools for probing the transmembrane domains of proteins.
A stroking device for spatially separated couples (2008)

In this paper we present a device to support the communication of couples in long-distance relationships. While a synchronous exchange of factual information over distance is supported by telephone, e-mail and chat-systems, the transmission of nonverbal aspects of communication is still unsatisfactory. Videocalls let us see the partners' facial expression in real time. However, to experience a more intimate conversation physical closeness is needed. Stroking while holding hands is a special and emotional gesture for couples. Hence, we developed a device that enables couples to exchange the physical gesture of stroking regardless of distance and location. The device allows both sending and receiving. A user test supported our concept and provided new insights for future development.
Immunoreactive cytokines in Mytilus edulis nervous and immune interactions. (1992)

We review evidence that an immune and nervous system linkage exists in invertebrates similar to that shown in vertebrates. Immunoreactive cytokines appear to play a role in this interaction. We have demonstrated that M. edulis, a marine bivalve mollusc, reacts to the vertebrate monokines interleukin-1, -6 and TNF. We have also demonstrated endogenous immunoreactive interleukin-1, -6 and tumour necrosis factor in M. edulis hemolymph, immunocytes and pedal ganglia. Our findings suggest an important common signalling mechanism that has been conserved over 500 million years of evolution.
An expanded study of the relationship between osteopontin, tumor pO2 and prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (2005)

5521 Background: We have previously found a correlation between osteopontin (OPN), tumor oxygenation (pO2) and prognosis in 54 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Here, we expanded the study to further evaluate these relationships. Methods: Between October 1998 and March 2004, 139 patients with newly diagnosed HNSCC were prospectively enrolled in this study. Plasma OPN levels were assessed in all patients by an ELISA method. Tumor pO2 measurements were performed in 86 patients using the Eppendorf microelectrode. The relationship between plasma OPN level and tumor pO2 was determined using Spearman’s rank correlation. The associations of freedom from relapse (FFR) and overall survival (OS) with OPN, tumor pO2, and other independent variables were explored using univariate log rank tests, and confirmed with multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. The median follow up for all patients was 15.4 months (range: 1 - 70). Results: The median OPN level for the entire group was 495 ng/ml (range: 22 - 1521). There was an inverse correlation between plasma OPN levels and median tumor pO2 (rho = -0.23, p = 0.03) and a direct correlation between OPN and hypoxic fraction < 5 mmHg (rho = 0.26, p = 0.01), though the correlation coefficients were not as strong as previously observed. Two year FFR and OS for the entire group were 59% and 62%, respectively. Using a cut off value of 450 ng/ml, OPN continued to be a strong prognostic factor for FFR and OS; for patients with OPN ≤ 450 ng/ml vs. > 450 ng/ml, the 2-year FFR and OS rates were 70% vs. 49% and 78% vs. 48%, respectively (p = 0.017 and p < 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, younger age, oropharyngeal tumor location, lower T- and N-stage, and radiotherapy were significant prognostic factors for better FFR and OS; OPN was significant for OS (p = 0.004), but not for FFR (p = 0.14). Conclusions: In this expanded study, plasma OPN levels continue to correlate with tumor pO2 parameters, though the correlation was weaker. More importantly, OPN persists as a significant independent prognostic marker in HNSCC, suggesting that it is a potential target for anticancer therapy. (supported by USPHS Grant CA 67166, Kaplan Fellowship, and Alberta Cancer Board Fellowship) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Wireless Packet Scheduling With Soft Deadlines (2007)

We address the problem of scheduling multiple traffic streams associated with target profiles on a shared wireless link, arising in real-time applications with soft/flexible deadline constraints (e.g. multimedia streaming). A target profile specifies the inter-packet deadline constraints for a user's traffic stream, or equivalently, the time instants at which the user should ideally receive packets to ensure uninterrupted multimedia playout. Contention for the shared link and fluctuations in wireless channel quality prevent users from being served in accordance with their desired target profiles. The goal of the scheduler is to dynamically schedule users to ensure that their target profiles are adhered to as closely as possible. We formulate the scheduling problem in a dynamic programming (DP) framework. Leveraging key structural properties of the optimal control to the DP, we propose our heuristic MinProj scheduling policy. We experimentally demonstrate the efficacy of MinProj over benchmark schedulers. The computational complexity of MinProj grows only linearly with the number of users in the system. Further, MinProj is agnostic to statistical assumptions on input traffic or channel behavior. These features make MinProj an attractive policy to implement in real wireless systems.
Millimeter-wave design and fabrication of GaAs micromachined patch antenna (2012)

A patch antenna at Ka-band frequency based on GaAs micromachined technologies is presented in this paper. The antenna fabricated on 300μm-thick GaAs substrate with a cavity etched in it produces a low effective dielectric region around the patch leading to improvement of bandwidth and radiation. The bandwidth of 4.1%, gain of 7.27dB and radiation efficiency of 79.5% at 36.3GHz have been simulated. The experimental results show that the bandwidth is 4.4% at 36.29GHz.
Seeing wake words: Audio-visual Keyword Spotting (2020)

The goal of this work is to automatically determine whether and when a word of interest is spoken by a talking face, with or without the audio. We propose a zero-shot method suitable for in the wild videos. Our key contributions are: (1) a novel convolutional architecture, KWS-Net, that uses a similarity map intermediate representation to separate the task into (i) sequence matching, and (ii) pattern detection, to decide whether the word is there and when; (2) we demonstrate that if audio is available, visual keyword spotting improves the performance both for a clean and noisy audio signal. Finally, (3) we show that our method generalises to other languages, specifically French and German, and achieves a comparable performance to English with less language specific data, by fine-tuning the network pre-trained on English. The method exceeds the performance of the previous state-of-the-art visual keyword spotting architecture when trained and tested on the same benchmark, and also that of a state-of-the-art lip reading method.
Using beryllium-7 to assess cross-tropopause transport in global models (2015)

Abstract. We use the Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) modeling framework to assess the utility of cosmogenic beryllium-7 (7Be), a natural aerosol tracer, for evaluating cross-tropopause transport in global models. The GMI chemical transport model (CTM) was used to simulate atmospheric 7Be distributions using four different meteorological data sets (GEOS1-STRAT DAS, GISS II' GCM, fvGCM, and GEOS4-DAS), featuring significantly different stratosphere–troposphere exchange (STE) characteristics. The simulations were compared with the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UT/LS) 7Be climatology constructed from ~ 25 years of aircraft and balloon data, as well as climatological records of surface concentrations and deposition fluxes. Comparison of the fraction of surface air of stratospheric origin estimated from the 7Be simulations with observationally-derived estimates indicates excessive cross-tropopause transport at middle latitudes in simulations using GEOS1-STRAT and at high latitudes using GISS II' meteorological data. These simulations also overestimate 7Be deposition fluxes at middle latitudes (GEOS1-STRAT) and at high latitudes (GISS II'), respectively. We show that excessive cross-tropopause transport of 7Be corresponds to overestimated stratospheric contribution to tropospheric ozone. Our perspectives on STE in these meteorological fields based on 7Be simulations are consistent with previous modeling studies of tropospheric ozone using the same meteorological fields. We further apply observational constraints to other global models including GFDL AM2 and GEOS-Chem (driven by GEOS3-DAS and GEOS5-DAS). We conclude that the observational constraints for 7Be and observed 7Be total deposition fluxes can be used routinely as a first-order assessment of cross-tropopause transport in global models.
N-Heterocyclic carbene catalyzed esterification of aromatic aldehydes with alcohols under aerobic conditions (2012)

A simple, organocatalytic procedure for the direct oxidative esterification of a variety of aromatic aldehydes with alcohols has been described that affords the corresponding aromatic esters in high yields. The method employs N-heterocyclic carbenes as catalysts and molecular O2 as an oxidant under ambient conditions.
The Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dollar Exchange Rate of Pakistan (2022)

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) most likely began in an animal species and subsequently transmitted to humans in Wuhan, China, a city of 11 million people, on December 29, 2019, when the first case was recorded. The Coronavirus then transmitted from person to person by infected droplets from a sick person's coughing, sneezing, or contaminated hands. Hence, the purpose of the study is to see the impact of the outbreak of COVID-19 daily tests on the Pakistani rupee against the US dollar exchange rate using Vector Autoregressive approach. The data is gathered from February 26, 2020 to March, 2021. This period was selected, because the pandemic expanded, and the first case was observed in Pakistan on Feb 26th 2020. To verify this effect, a Vector Autoregressive Model was developed. A generalized version of the Autoregressive Model is a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Pakistani rupee devalued against the US dollar throughout the abovementioned period. When analyzing the Pakistani rupee vs. the US dollar exchange rate using a Vector Autoregressive Model, the values of the lags (1, 4, 6, and 7) of the explanatory variable have a significant impact. Besides, under the VAR model, the IRF (Impulse Response Function) asserted the actual impact of the daily COVID-19 tests, as well as Decomposition of Variance was shown to provide for the daily COVID-19 tests just a small part in understanding the volatility of the Pakistani rupee against the US dollar exchange rate. The Granger Causality suggests that the short-term and long-term changes in the Pakistani rupee against the US dollar exchange rate are caused by daily COVID-19 tests.
Plasmin Inhibitors in Human Urine (1977)

By the gel filtration of urinary protein on Sephadex G-200, two peaks of activity to hydrolyze Nα-acetylglycyl-L-lysine methyl ester (AGLMe) were detected. One was the native form of urokinase, and the molecular weight was about 54,000. The other was of high molecular weight, and eluted in void fraction. The high molecular form was thought to be a complex of urokinase and urinary plasmin inhibitor (UPI). By using Arg-Sepharose, membrane filter (M.W. 10,000), and pevikon block electrophoresis, we could isolate four types of UPI from normal human urine. One UPI was positively charged at pH 8.6, and of high molecular weight. Other types were negatively charged, and the molecular weights by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 were about 67,000 (UPI6.7), 45,000 (UPI4.5), and 22, 000 (UPI2.2), respectively. In acrylamide disc gel electrophoresis, UPI57 migrated to serum prealbumin fraction, and UPI45 and UPI? 2 were less anionic. Negative-charged UPIs could be adsorbed on trypsin-Sepharose, and were thought to be identical to urinary trypsin inhibitors. Purified UPIs showed strong inhibition on caseinolytic- and esterolytic-activities of plasmin, and the total activity was about 16 UPIU(inhibited 16 casein U of plasmin)/liter of urine.
Drug delivery in the nasal cavity after functional endoscopic sinus surgery: a computational fluid dynamics study (2012)

This model indicates that a moderate inspiratory airflow rate and a particle diameter of approximately 10(-5) m should improve intranasal medication deposition into the maxillary sinus cavity following functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
The Safety of Continued Oral Anticoagulation Therapy in Joint Injections and Aspirations (2022)

Performing joint aspirations and injections on patients taking long-term oral anticoagulants poses a clinical conundrum. This review aimed to quantify the safety of performing joint procedures in these patients in terms of bleeding risk. In addition, it aimed to identify, in those receiving vitamin K antagonists, what level of international normalized ratio (INR) is the safest.A review of the medical literature was performed (electronic searches in Ovid [MEDLINE], EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library). English language original reports of patients undergoing joint injections or aspirations performed on anticoagulant therapy, published within the last 10 years, were included.Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Patients were taking a variety of anticoagulants: warfarin, acenocoumarol, and direct oral anticoagulants. Four cases of hemorrhage were reported after 5427 procedures, over a pooled 32-year period, across 9 centers. The INR values were available for 3 cases with bleeding complications: values were 1.9, 2.3, and 3.4.Authors of all studies concluded that joint injection is safe in patients on anticoagulants. A variety of joints and approaches, reversal, or withholding of anticoagulation and bridging with low molecular weight heparin did not seem to alter bleeding risk. Bleeding complications remained low even in those with renal or hepatic impairment or those taking concomitant antiplatelets.In conclusion, joint aspiration and injection are safe in patients taking anticoagulants. Anticoagulation should not be routinely discontinued in these patients; decisions should be made on a case-by-case basis. Because of low event numbers, a recommended safe maximum INR value for joint procedures cannot be determined.
The anti-hepatitis B virus and anti-hepatotoxic efficacies of solanopubamine, a rare alkaloid from Solanum schimperianum (2022)

Chronic liver disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains an important health issue. Though there are effective HBV-polymerase inhibitors (e.g., lamivudine), their prolonged use leads to emergence of drug-resistant (polymerase mutant) strains. Several herbal formulations and phytochemicals have been therefore, reported as potential anti-HBV agents with no sign of resistance in experimental and clinical settings. In this study, we assessed the anti-HBV as well as hepatoprotective salutations of solanopubamine, a rare alkaloid isolated from <i>S. schimperianum.</i> In cultured HepG2.2.15 cells, solanopubamine showed marked anti-HBV activity in a time and dose-dependent manner. Solanopubamine (30 μM) efficiently inhibited HBsAg and HBeAg expressions by 66.5%, 70.5%, respectively as compared to 82.5% and 86.5% respective inhibition by lamivudine (2 μM) at day 5. Molecular docking analyses of solanopubamine revealed formations of stable complexes with lamivudine-sensitive as well as lamivudine-resistant polymerase through interactions of catalytic 'YMDD/YIDD' motif residues. Moreover, solanopubamine attenuated DCFH-induced oxidative and apoptotic damage and restored HepG2 cell viability by 28.5%, and downregulated caspase-3/7 activations by 33%. Further docking analyses of solanopubamine showed formation of stable complexes with caspase-3/7. Taken together, our data demonstrates promising anti-HBV and anti-hepatotoxic therapeutic potential of solanopubamine, and warrants further molecular and pharmacological studies.
Glioblastoma Subclasses Can Be Defined by Activity among Signal Transduction Pathways and Associated Genomic Alterations (2009)

Proteomic analysis of GBM samples revealed three patterns of expression and activation of proteins in glioma-relevant signaling pathways. These three classes are comprised of roughly equal numbers showing either EGFR activation associated with amplification and mutation of the receptor, PDGF-pathway activation that is primarily ligand-driven, or loss of NF1 expression. The associated signaling activities correlating with these sentinel alterations provide insight into glioma biology and therapeutic strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Optically Active Phosphorus Compounds via Metal Phosphinites Generated by Reaction of Optically Active Selenophosphinates with Phenyllithium. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.