gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antitumor activity of platinum (II) complexes of 1-amino-2-aminomethylcyclohexane isomers. (1978)

We give an overview of WIDM 2012, held in conjunction with CIKM 2012 in Maui, Hawaii. WIDM 2012 is the twelfth in a series of international workshops on Web Information and Data Management held in conjunction with CIKM since 1998. The objective of the workshop is to bring together researchers and industrial practitioners to present and discuss leading research into how web data and information can be extracted, stored, analyzed, and processed to provide useful knowledge to end users for advanced database and web applications.
Picosecond electronic relaxation in 3-layered CdS-HgS-CdS semiconductor nanoparticles (1996)

Nanoparticles of CdS capped with a monolayer shell of CdS and an outer monolayer shell of CdS give quantum dot-quantum well (QDQW) particles. We have monitored the temporal behavior of the broad spectral hole (due to absorption bleaching) burned in their absorption spectra with a femtosecond laser at different wavelengths at 10 K. The location and the width of the initial hole are excitation dependent. As a function of delay time, the broad transient bleaching band decays to give a more narrow band with a maximum near 1.9 eV. This final narrow band is observed independently of excitation wavelength and is assigned to excitonic trapping within the HgS well. The rate of trapping is found to depend on the excitation wavelength. UV excitation creates high energy electron-hole pair which is trapped by the well in 2 ps. Within the well, the exciton relaxes to the lowest excited state (1s-1s), which eventually relaxes to the ground state with some fluorescence at 700 nm.
First report of the correlation of PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST) criteria and pathologic change in patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant radiation. (2013)

261 Background: High-dose-rate endorectal brachytherapy (Endo-HDR) is a promising technique using a short course of radiation therapy in the neoadjuvant setting for rectal cancer. While clinical exam and standard imaging (CT and MRI) suggest outstanding radiation response in these patients, they cannot reliably predict pathologic complete response (pCR) or high tumor regression grade (TRG). In this study, we investigate the utility of PERCIST criteria to predict pathologic change. Methods: We treated nine patients on a prospective clinical trial investigating Endo-HDR as a single agent neoadjuvant therapy (6.5 Gy x 4 fractions, total dose of 26 Gy) for stage II-III rectal cancer patients. A pre-radiation PET/CT scan was compared to a post-treatment PET/CT scan performed one month following the completion of radiation. All nine patients proceeded to surgical resection with the pathologic specimen analyzed for residual disease. TRG (Mandard et al.) was used to quantify response to treatment. A 50% decrease in SUVpeak by PERCIST criteria was correlated with a TRG 1 or 2 (none or minimal residual cancer cells on the final pathologic specimen). Results: As demonstrated in our table, 3/5 (60%) of patients achieving a TRG 1 or 2 had a SUVpeak that decreased by 50% or more; contrarily, zero of 4 (0%) of patients without a TRG 1 or 2 had a SUVpeak of 50% or more. Despite a trend, the small patient sample limited statistical significance (p=0.17). A minimum decrease of 50% in SUVpeak resulted in a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 67%, a specificity of 100%, and a sensitivity of 60% for predicting TRG 1 or 2. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the first report of utilizing PERCIST criteria in rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant Endo-HDR. Reliable clinical predictors following Endo-HDR for excellent pathologic response may identify patients in whom a non-operative rectal cancer treatment is possible. [Table: see text]
Isolation of a fibrinolysis enzyme activator from commercial bromelain. (1981)

A fibrinolysis enzyme activator was isolated from commercial bromelain. This enzyme preparation is used medicinally. A by-product of bromelain production, the acetone still residue, was used as a starting material to develop an isolation scheme which began with reversed phase chromatography, was followed by ion exchange chromatography, and ended with ultrafiltration. It had polarity and ion exchange properties similar to those of a neutral amino acid. The active substance has no intrinsic fibrinolytic activity but appears to enhance the activity of one of the fibrinolytic enzymes. The presence of the fibrinolysis enzyme activator in commercial bromelain may explain some of the physiological and clinical effects observed following the oral administration of the enzyme preparation.
Energy-Consistent Force Feedback Laws for Virtual Environments (2013)

When digitally realized, virtual environments (VEs) do not perfectly match the physical environments they are supposed to emulate. This paper deals with energy aspects of such a mismatch, i.e., artificial energy leaks. A methodology is developed that employs smooth correction (SC) and leak dissipation (LD) to achieve a stable interconnection of the VE with the haptic device. The SC-LD naturally blends with the original laws for rendering the VE and gives rise to modified force feedback laws. These laws can be regarded as energy-consistent discretizations of their continuous-time counterparts. For some fundamental examples including virtual springs and masses, these laws are analytically reduced to simple closed-form equations. The methodology is then generalized to the multivariable case. Several experiments are conducted including a 2-DOF coupled nonlinear VE example, and a scenario leading to a sequence of contacts with a virtual object. Besides the conceptual advantage, simulation and experimental results demonstrate some other advantages of the SC-LD over well-known time-domain passivity methods. These advantages include improved fidelity, simpler implementation, and less susceptibility to produce impulsive/chattering response.
Broadband light trapping with disordered photonic structures in thin‐film silicon solar cells (2013)

ABSTRACT We theoretically investigate light trapping with disordered 1D photonic structures in thin‐film crystalline silicon solar cells. The disorder is modelled in a finite‐size supercell, which allows the use of rigorous coupled‐wave analysis to calculate the optical properties of the devices and the short‐circuit current density J sc . The role of the Fourier transform of the photonic pattern in the light trapping is investigated, and the optimal correlation between size and position disorder is found. This result is used to optimize the disorder in a more effective way, using a single parameter. We find that a Gaussian disorder always enhances the device performance with respect to the best ordered configuration. To properly quantify this improvement, we calculate the Lambertian limit to the absorption enhancement for 1D photonic structures in crystalline silicon, following the previous work for the 2D case [M.A. Green, Progr. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 2002; 10 (4), pp. 235–241]. We find that disorder optimization can give a relevant contribution to approach this limit. Finally, we propose an optimal disordered 2D configuration and estimate the maximum short‐circuit current that can be achieved, potentially leading to efficiencies that are comparable with the values of other thin‐film solar cell technologies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Lactobacillus florum sp. nov., a fructophilic species isolated from flowers (2009)

Three strains of fructophilic lactic acid bacteria were isolated from flowers in South Africa. The isolates formed a subcluster in the Lactobacillus buchneri phylogenetic group, closely related to Lactobacillus fructivorans, Lactobacillus homohiochii, Lactobacillus lindneri and Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis according to phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Levels of DNA-DNA relatedness indicated that the three strains belonged to the same taxon and formed a genetically distinct group, well separated from their phylogenetic relatives. The three strains produced acids from only two of the 49 carbohydrates tested, i.e. D-glucose and D-fructose. D-Fructose was more rapidly fermented than D-glucose. Good growth was recorded on d-fructose or D-glucose in the presence of external electron acceptors. However, delayed growth was recorded on d-glucose without electron acceptors. The novel strains produced lactic acid, ethanol and acetic acid from D-glucose at a ratio of 1 : 0.8 : 0.2. These characteristics were distinct from other species of the genus Lactobacillus. Based on the data provided, the three isolates represent a fructophilic and novel species of the genus Lactobacillus, for which the name Lactobacillus florum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is F9-1(T) (=JCM 16035(T)=DSM 22689(T)=NRIC 0771(T)).
Monitoring Changes in Fluid Status With a Wireless Multisensor Monitor: Results From the Fluid Removal During Adherent Renal Monitoring (FARM) Study (2011)

Body fluid assessment is important for managing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF). However, accurate detection of fluid retention remains elusive. The Fluid Removal During Adherent Renal Monitoring (FARM) study is a prospective, nonrandomized trial examining the performance of a wireless, noninvasive, multisensor fluid monitoring system, applied to the chest, to determine its performance and reliability during hemodialysis. Patients undergoing regular hemodialysis (n=25) were monitored continuously for 2 consecutive dialysis sessions and the interdialysis period. Physiologic variables, including tissue impedance, were recorded. The volume of fluid removed and weight change during dialysis were measured. An average of 3.4±1.2 L of fluid was removed during dialysis, which was associated with an increase in bioimpedance of 11.3±7.2 Ω. Change in bioimpedance was highly correlated with the amount of fluid removed but less so with weight loss. Normalized bioimpedance change (21.0%±12.1% increase from baseline, P<001) was larger than the normalized weight change (3.6%±1.1%, P<.01), suggesting a higher sensitivity and dynamic range than weight change for detecting fluid removal. The fluid monitoring system accurately tracked fluid and weight loss in patients during hemodialysis, supporting its use as a tool for the management of patient fluid status in disease states.
Optical Coherence Tomography in High Myopia (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Ophthalmology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Ophthalmology journal
Single-cell triple-omics uncovers DNA methylation as key feature of stemness in the healthy and ischemic adult brain (2022)

Summary Stem cells in the adult brain are specialized astrocytes capable of generating neurons and glial cells. While neural stem cells (NSCs) and common astrocytes have clearly distinct functions, they share highly similar transcriptome profiles. How stemness is molecularly encoded is therefore unclear. Here we use single-cell NMT-seq to simultaneously characterize the transcriptome, DNA methylome and chromatin accessibility of astrocytes and the NSC lineage in the healthy and ischemic brain. Our data reveal distinct methylation profiles associated with either astrocyte or stem cell function. Stemness is conferred by methylation of astrocyte genes and demethylation of neurogenic genes that are expressed only later. Surprisingly, ischemic injury unlocks the stemness-methylome in common astrocytes enabling generation of neuroblasts. Furthermore, we show that oligodendrocytes employ Tet-mediated demethylation to regulate expression of myelin-related genes, many of which are abnormally methylated in multiple sclerosis. Overall, we show that DNA methylation is a promising target for regenerative medicine. Abstract Figure
An Application of the Inverse Solution for Electric Current Distribution From Magnetic Field Measurements in Aluminium Electrolysis Cells (2012)

A mathematical theory and the software application based on the full MHD model of the electrolysis cell is used to predict the electric current distribution over the anodes from the measurement of magnetic fields at specifically defined node points assumed to be available from the wireless sensors. The full 3d busbar configuration of two different commercial cells are used for the model simulations. It is demonstrated that a unique solution for the electric current can be obtained when two sensors per each anode are used to detect the single component of magnetic field. The mathematical software is tested for the sensitivity to the busbar configuration complexity. The ability to monitor continuously the electric current distribution to high accuracy helps to control disturbances and deviations from a normal production process.
Anomalous light transport induced by deeply subwavelength quasiperiodicity in multilayered dielectric metamaterials (2020)

For dielectric multilayered metamaterials, the effective-parameter representation is known to be insensitive to geometrical features occurring at deeply subwavelength scales. However, recent studies on periodic and aperiodically ordered geometries have shown the existence of certain critical parameter regimes where this conventional wisdom is upended, as the optical response of finite-size samples may depart considerably from the predictions of standard effective-medium theory. In these regimes, characterized by a mixed evanescent/propagating light transport, different classes of spatial (dis)order have been shown to induce distinctive effects in the optical response, in terms of anomalous transmission, localization, enhancement, absorption, and lasing. Here we further expand these examples by considering a quasiperiodic scenario based on a modified-Fibonacci geometry. Among the intriguing features of this model there is the presence of a scale parameter that controls the transition from perfectly periodic to quasiperiodic scenarios of different shades. Via an extensive parametric study, this allows us to identify the quasiperiodicity-induced anomalous effects, and to elucidate certain distinctive mechanisms and footprints. Our results hold potentially interesting implications for the optical probing of structural features at a resolution much smaller than the wavelength, and could also be leveraged to design novel types of absorbers and low-threshold lasers.
Synthesis and Solution Self-Assembly of Side-Chain Cobaltocenium-Containing Block Copolymers (2010)

The synthesis of side-chain cobaltocenium-containing block copolymers and their self-assembly in solution was studied. Highly pure monocarboxycobaltocenium was prepared and subsequently attached to side chains of poly(tert-butyl acrylate)-block-poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate), yielding poly(tert-butyl acrylate)-block-poly(2-acryloyloxyethyl cobaltoceniumcarboxylate). The cobaltocenium block copolymers exhibited vesicle morphology in the mixture of acetone and water, while micelles of nanotubes were formed in the mixture of acetone and chloroform.
DI-MMAP: A High Performance Memory-Map Runtime for Data-Intensive Applications (2012)

We present DI-MMAP, a high-performance runtime that memory-maps large external data sets into an application's address space and shows significantly better performance than the Linux mmap system call. Our implementation is particularly effective when used with high performance locally attached Flash arrays on highly concurrent, latency-tolerant data-intensive HPC applications. We describe the kernel module and show performance results on a benchmark test suite and on a new bioinformatics metagenomic classification application. For the complex metagenomics classification application, DI-MMAP performs up to 4.88× better than standard Linux mmap.
Remote coordinated controls in multiple telerobot cooperation (2002)

Various coordinated control schemes are explored in the multi-operator-multi-robot (MOMR) tele-collaborative system through a network with time delay. Multi-robot cooperation has rapidly emerged in many possible applications such as the plant maintenance, construction, and surgery, because it would have a significant advantage over a single robot in such cases. Thus, time-delayed control of a multi-robot system is expected to play an important role in remote operations, too. However, the effect of time-delay would pose a more difficult problem to the MOMR teleoperation systems and seriously affect their performance. In this work, first, we have built an experimental system to investigate the remote cooperation in MOMR teleoperation. Then, different coordinated control methods are proposed to cope with the collision, arising from the time delay over the network. To verify the validity of the proposed schemes, we have carried out various experiments on a planar block arrangement by two slave arms employing graphic simulators and a LAN subject to a significant communication delay.
Off-level corrections for gravity meters (2016)

Gravity meters must be aligned with the local gravity at any location on the surface of the earth in order to measure the full amplitude of the gravity vector. The gravitational force on the sensitive component of the gravity meter decreases by the cosine of the angle between the measurement axis and the local gravity vector. Most gravity meters incorporate two horizontal orthogonal levels to orient the gravity meter for a maximum gravity reading. In order to calculate a gravity correction it is often necessary to estimate the overall angular deviation between the gravity meter and the local gravity vector using two measured horizontal tilt meters. Typically this is done assuming that the two horizontal angles are independent and that the product of the cosines of the horizontal tilts is equivalent to the cosine of the overall deviation. These approximations, however, break down at large angles. This paper derives analytic formulae to transform angles measured by two orthogonal tilt meters into the vertical deviation of the third orthogonal axis. The equations can be used to calibrate the tilt sensors attached to the gravity meter or provide a correction for a gravity meter used in an off-of-level condition.
Highly enantioselective construction of the key azetidin-2-ones for the synthesis of carbapenem antibiotics via intramolecular C–H insertion reactions of α-methoxycarbonyl-α-diazoacetamides catalysed by chiral dirhodium() carboxylates (1998)

A highly enantioselective construction of 3-oxa-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]octanes (up to 96% ee) has been achieved by intramolecular C–H insertion of α-methoxycarbonyl-α-diazoacetamides catalysed by dirhodium(II) complexes incorporating N-phthaloyl-(S)-amino acids as chiral bridging ligands, which provides a new, catalytic asymmetric route to key intermediates for carbapenem antibiotics.
Coexistence of Sporadic Cerebellar Hemangioblastoma and Pituitary Null Cell Adenoma: Simultaneous Expression of von Hippel-Lindau Gene Product (2012)

Coexistence of brain tumors of different pathologies is rare, and the majority of the cases were related to genetic disorders or secondary tumors occurring after radiotherapy. A 73-year-old man was introduced to the outpatient department suffering from severe nausea and vertigo. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a cystic tumor in the left cerebellar hemisphere and another lesion in the sella turcica. There was no evident family history of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease, and the systemic investigation failed to detect any other tumors or signs of VHL disease. Treatment was performed in two stages, and he was discharged with remaining slight ataxic gait. The diagnoses were cerebellar hemangioblastoma and pituitary null cell adenoma. Additional immunohistochemical investigation using VHL disease gene-related protein in both tumors showed minute granular positive staining in the cytoplasm of stromal cells in the former, and diffuse and strong granular cytoplasmic positive staining in the latter. Further analysis is required to confirm the true implication of the VHL gene mutation, and the possible involvement of VHL gene-related protein in the pathogenesis of these coexisting tumors.
Unstable resonator with high-cavity Q: General theory and application to a chemical laser. Final report, 28 Dec 83-27 Dec 84 (1985)

A novel unstable resonator with no central obscuration in the output beam is studied. The general properties are determined and a design for a moderate power chemical laser is suggested and discussed. The resonator uses beam rotation to create an output beam with no central obscuration. The analysis and calculations indicate that the resonator is capable of producing a nearly diffraction-limited output beam. It should be useful for application with laser media that do not have high enough gain for efficient power extraction using conventional unstable resonators. A new ray-matrix method for the analysis of ring resonators with beam rotation is developed and applied. It is especially useful in the evaluation of the sensitivity to mirror tilt of resonators with beam rotation.
Image-based virtual world generation (1997)

The methodologies introduced here generate photographically realistic 3D worlds from 2D photographic images instead of from 3D geometrical models. If we call conventional methods "algorithm intensive", these methods are "data intensive". Several prototype systems, including the Virtual Dome and Camera with GPS, serve as examples. Of course, both types have their advantages, so trade-offs and combinations of the two are also discussed briefly.