gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
(Invited) Developing Short-Wave Infrared Fluorescent Immunoprobes Based on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2015)

Progress will be reported on a project to develop a new type of fluorescent immunoprobe containing antibodies conjugated to structurally sorted single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The ( n , m )-sorted SWCNTs display sharp and distinct fluorescence at wavelengths in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) region, allowing effective spectral multiplexing and minimal interference from autofluorescence backgrounds. To avoid fluorescence quenching from covalent functionalization of nanotube sidewalls, the antibodies are linked to PEG side chains of a phospholipid surfactant that noncovalently coats individualized SWCNTs. We are preparing SWCNT-based immunoprobes containing the OC125 antibody, which binds specifically to the CA125 ovarian cancer biomarker. SWIR fluorescence microscopy is being used to assess specificity of binding to cultured ovarian cancer cells. We will also describe new developments that aid in the testing of SWCNT-based probes. One is a custom optical apparatus that scans specimens in two dimensions to sensitively measure SWIR fluorescence spectra as a function of position. The device is used to read dot blots of selected antigens spotted onto a cellulose membrane and probed by SWCNT-conjugated antibodies. Using this approach, one can quickly and quantitatively assess efficiencies of SWCNT conjugation and antigen binding.
Evaluation of Sound Quality, Boominess, and Boxiness in Small Rooms (2006)

The acoustics of small rooms have been studied with emphasis on sound quality, boominess, and boxiness when the rooms are used for speech or music. Seven rooms with very different characteristics were used for the study. Subjective listening tests were made using binaural recordings of studio-produced music and anechoic speech. The test results were compared with a large number of objective acoustic parameters based on the frequencydependent reverberation times (RT) measured in the rooms. This has led to the proposal of three new acoustic parameters, which have shown high correlation with the subjective ratings. The classical bass ratio definitions showed poor correlation with all subjective ratings. The overall sound quality ratings gave different results for speech and music. For speech the preferred mean RT should be as low as possible, whereas for music a preferred range of between 0.3 and 0.5 s was found.
Prediction of tourist flow based on multi‐source traffic data in scenic spot (2020)

Abstract At present, China's tourism industry has entered an era of rapid development. It is of great significance to predict the precise and real‐time tourist flow of the popular tourist areas with dense crowds, providing decision support for rational evacuation of tourist flow, activation of emergency plans, and prevention of security accidents. This article presents a long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural network model based on the global attention mechanism. The model first uses two LSTM layers to calculate attention weights using multi‐source data at different time steps to improve the model’s learning ability. Then the model predicts the tourist flow of the scenic spots in the next time period based on the weights and outputs previously obtained. At the final stage, the pre‐trained parameters of the network are used to initialize the model. To verify the validity of the model, we compared it with the LSTM model, back propagation neural network model, and autoregressive integrated moving average model based on the data of Beijing’s South Luogu Lane scenic spot. It turned out that the results of our solution were more in line with the true value, which proves that it is feasible for real‐time prediction of tourist flow in popular scenic spots.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Arrest Defective 1 Autoacetylation Is a Critical Step in Its Ability to Stimulate Cancer Cell Proliferation (2023)

Supplementary Figure 5 from Arrest Defective 1 Autoacetylation Is a Critical Step in Its Ability to Stimulate Cancer Cell Proliferation
Genetic analysis and fine-mapping of a new rice mutant, white and lesion mimic leaf1 (2018)

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaf color mutants are excellent models for studying chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development. In this study, we isolated a stable genetic white and lesion mimic leaf1 (wlml1) mutant from an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized population of the indica cultivar TN1. Compared with wild-type TN1, the wlml1 mutant had lower contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids, altered chloroplast ultrastructure, and altered regulation of genes associated with chlorophyll metabolism and chloroplast development. In addition, lesions formed on the leaves of wlml1 plants grown at 20 °C and genes related to disease resistance and antioxidant functions were up-regulated; by contrast, the mutant phenotype was partially suppressed at 28 °C. These findings indicated that WLML1 might play a role in chlorophyll metabolism and chloroplast development, as well as in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Genetic analysis showed that WLML1 was controlled by a recessive nuclear gene, and map-based cloning delimited WLML1 to a 159.7-kb region on chromosome 4 that includes 30 putative open reading frames. Based on these findings, the wlml1 mutant will be a good genetic material for further studies on chlorophyll metabolism and stress responses in rice.
Photoluminescence from GaAs nanocrystals fabricated by Ga+ and As+ co-implantation into SiO2 matrices (1998)

We have fabricated GaAs nanocrystals by means of Ga+ and As+ co-implantation into SiO2 matrices and applied selective excitation spectroscopy to clarify the origin of photoluminescence (PL) from GaAs nanocrystals in SiO2 matrices. Under blue laser excitation, broad PL spectra with multipeaks are observed in the visible spectral region. Under selective excitation at energies within a certain band, fine structures are observed at low temperatures and the size-dependent PL structures are attributed to quantum confinement states in GaAs nanocrystals. The origin of visible PL from GaAs/SiO2 nanocomposites is discussed.
Multidisciplinary decisions in breast cancer: does the patient receive what the team has recommended? (2013)

The vast majority of MDT decisions are implemented. Management alteration was most often due to patient choice or additional information available after the MDT. A minority of management alterations were 'unjustifiable' and the authors recommend that any patient whose treatment is subsequently changed should have MDT rediscussion prior to treatment.
Semantic Point Cloud Mapping of LiDAR Based on Probabilistic Uncertainty Modeling for Autonomous Driving (2020)

LiDAR-based Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM), which provides environmental information for autonomous vehicles by map building, is a major challenge for autonomous driving. In addition, the semantic information has been used for the LiDAR-based SLAM with the advent of deep neural network-based semantic segmentation algorithms. The semantic segmented point clouds provide a much greater range of functionality for autonomous vehicles than geometry alone, which can play an important role in the mapping step. However, due to the uncertainty of the semantic segmentation algorithms, the semantic segmented point clouds have limitations in being directly used for SLAM. In order to solve the limitations, this paper proposes a semantic segmentation-based LiDAR SLAM system considering the uncertainty of the semantic segmentation algorithms. The uncertainty is explicitly modeled by proposed probability models which are come from the data-driven approaches. Based on the probability models, this paper proposes semantic registration which calculates the transformation relationship of consecutive point clouds using semantic information with proposed probability models. Furthermore, the proposed probability models are used to determine the semantic class of the points when the multiple scans indicate different classes due to the uncertainty. The proposed framework is verified and evaluated by the KITTI dataset and outdoor environments. The experiment results show that the proposed semantic mapping framework reduces the errors of the mapping poses and eliminates the ambiguity of the semantic information of the generated semantic map.
Three-dimensional nanostructuring in YIG ferrite with femtosecond laser (2014)

With the goal of creating magneto-optical devices, we demonstrated forming nanostructures inside a substrate of cerium-substituted yttrium iron garnet (Ce:YIG) by means of direct laser writing. Laser irradiation changed both the optical and magnetic properties of Ce:YIG. The measurements showed that the refractive index was increased by 0.015 (about 0.7% change) and the magnetization property was changed from hard to soft to decrease the coercivity. This technology enables the formation of 3-dimensional optical and magnetic nanostructures in YIG and will contribute to the development of novel devices for optical communication and photonic integration.
CFL3D, FUN3D, and NSU3D Contributions to the Fifth Drag Prediction Workshop (2014)

Results presented at the Fifth Drag Prediction Workshop using CFL3D, FUN3D, and NSU3D are described. These are calculations on the workshop-provided grids and drag-adapted grids. The NSU3D results have been updated to reflect an improvement to skin-friction calculation on skewed grids. FUN3D results generated after the workshop are included for custom participant-generated grids, as well as a grid from a previous workshop. Uniform grid refinement at the design condition shows a tight grouping in calculated drag, where the variation in the pressure component of drag is larger than the skin-friction component. At this design condition, a fine-grid drag value was predicted with a smaller drag adjoint adapted grid via tetrahedral adaption to a metric and mixed-element subdivision. The buffet study produced a larger variation than the design case, which is attributed to large differences in the predicted side-of-body separation extent. Various modeling and discretization approaches had a strong impact on predicted side-of-body separation. A summary of similar published studies is provided to place these observations in context. This large wing-root separation bubble was not observed in wind-tunnel tests, indicating that more work is necessary in modeling wing-root juncture flows to consistently predict experiments.
Ferrous Iron-Dependent Delivery Of Therapeutic Agents To The Malaria Parasite (2012)

Studies of two fragmenting hybrids by orthogonal approaches confirm that a partner drug species can be delivered to live P. falciparum parasites. A key advantage of this approach is the potential to mask a partner drug's intrinsic bioactivity prior to release in the parasite.
Quantitatively linking morphology and optical response of individual silver nanohedra (2022)

The optical response of metal nanoparticles is governed by plasmonic resonances, which are dictated by the particle morphology. A thorough understanding of the link between morphology and optical response requires quantitatively measuring optical and structural properties of the same particle. Here we present such a study, correlating electron tomography and optical micro-spectroscopy. The optical measurements determine the scattering and absorption cross-section spectra in absolute units, and electron tomography determines the 3D morphology. Numerical simulations of the spectra for the individual particle geometry, and the specific optical set-up used, allow for a quantitative comparison including the cross-section magnitude. Silver nanoparticles produced by photochemically driven colloidal synthesis, including decahedra, tetrahedra and bi-tetrahedra are investigated. A mismatch of measured and simulated spectra is found in some cases when assuming pure silver particles, which is explained by the presence of a few atomic layers of tarnish on the surface, not evident in electron tomography. The presented method tightens the link between particle morphology and optical response, supporting the predictive design of plasmonic nanomaterials.
HTS Technologies--IBC Informa Conference. (2001)

In 1997, approximately US $6 billion were spent on worldwide screening technologies. The estimate for the total global market for high-throughput screening (HTS) products and services was about US $1.5 billion (source: Medical and Healthcare Marketplace Guide, 15th Edition, 1999-2000). Genomics and combinatorial chemistry demand a technological shift away from present-day laboratory to fully automated HTS and ultra HTS (uHTS), with over 100,000 compounds screened per day. The potential of new technology in miniaturization and automation will ensure faster and cheaper solutions to discovery. The conference explored the rapidly advancing field of HTS and examined numerous areas of HTS application. Identification and prioritization of viable targets, and the development of 'information rich' screens without reducing screening capacity, are important topics. Furthermore, the essential integration of all these screening, analytical and parallel synthesis systems in one coherent process is considered to be of significant interest. Focused sessions addressed the rapidly advancing areas of ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination), toxicity and formulation screening, including virtual 'in silico' screening.
Effect of Serum, Cholesterol and Low Density Lipoprotein on the Functionality and Structure of Lung Surfactant Films (2014)

Lung surfactant is a complex mixture of lipid and protein, responsible for alveolar stability, becomes dysfunctional due to alteration of its structure and function by leaked serum materials in disease. Serum proteins, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were studied with bovine lipid extract surfactant (BLES) using Langmuir films, and bilayer dispersions using Raman spectroscopy. While small amount of cholesterol (10 wt%) and LDL did not significantly affect the adsorption and surface tension lowering properties of BLES. However serum lipids, whole serum as well as higher amounts of cholesterol, and LDL dramatically altered the surface properties of BLES films, as well as gel-fluid structures formed in such films observed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Raman-spectroscopic studies revealed that serum proteins, LDL and excess cholesterol had fluidizing effects on BLES bilayers dispersion, monitored from the changes in hydrocarbon vibrational modes during gel-fluid thermal phase transitions. This study clearly suggests that patho-physiological amounts of serum lipids (and not proteins) significantly alter the molecular arrangement of surfactant in films and bilayers, and can be used to model lung disease.
Iron‐Mediated Chlorotrifluoromethylation of Alkenes with Sodium Trifluoromethanesulfinate (2015)

Abstract An iron‐mediated three‐component chlorotrifluoromethylation of both styrenes and aliphatic alkenes has been presented here. This reaction employs ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) as the Cl source and the Langlois reagent (CF 3 SO 2 Na) as the CF 3 source. It provides a convenient pathway towards a wide range of chlorotrifluoromethylated compounds.
Cesium-133 nuclear magnetic resonance study of complexation by cryptand C222 in various solvents: evidence for exclusive and inclusive complexes (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCesium-133 nuclear magnetic resonance study of complexation by cryptand C222 in various solvents: evidence for exclusive and inclusive complexesElizabeth Mei, Alexander I. Popov, and James L. DyeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 20, 6532–6536Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00462a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00462a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of amyloid-β aggregation and caspase-3 activation by the Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 (2002)

Standardized extract from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree, labeled EGb761, has been used in clinical trials for its beneficial effects on brain functions, particularly in connection with age-related dementias and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Substantial experimental evidence indicates that EGb761 protects against neuronal damage from a variety of insults, but its cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Using a neuroblastoma cell line stably expressing an AD-associated double mutation, we report that EGb761 inhibits formation of amyloid-β (Aβ) fibrils, which are the diagnostic, and possibly causative, feature of AD. The decreased Aβ fibrillogenesis in the presence of EGb761 was observed both in the conditioned medium of this Aβ-secreting cell line and in solution in vitro . In the cells, EGb761 significantly attenuated mitochondrion-initiated apoptosis and decreased the activity of caspase 3, a key enzyme in the apoptosis cell-signaling cascade. These results suggest that ( i ) neuronal damage in AD might be due to two factors: a direct Aβ toxicity and the apoptosis initiated by the mitochondria; and ( ii ) multiple cellular and molecular neuroprotective mechanisms, including attenuation of apoptosis and direct inhibition of Aβ aggregation, underlie the neuroprotective effects of EGb761.
Monoclonal antibody therapy in acute myeloid leukemia. (2003)

Monoclonal antibody therapy for patients with acute myeloid leukemia is currently based on targeting cell surface receptors selectively expressed on myeloid cells. These include primarily CD33 and CD45. Antibodies are unlabeled or have been conjugated to various radioisotopes or DNA-damaging cytotoxic agents. The safety of this approach has been determined, and antibody-related infusional events are common. Other toxicity is primarily dependent on the conjugate to which the antibody has been linked. Efficacy of this approach is still to be determined. Phase II studies have demonstrated antileukemic responses with all agents, although less so with unlabeled antibodies. Whether the use of these antibodies in combination with, or as a substitute for, currently available therapy will lead to improved outcomes for patients with acute myeloid leukemia has not been demonstrated to date.
Die Chemie der Form (2000)

Die Entstehung komplexer Morphologien in lebenden und nicht belebten Systemen ist für Wissenschaftler, die den Ursprung und die Entwicklung von Form und Struktur erforschen, ein großes Rätsel. Während der vergangenen Jahre machten Biologen einerseits und Physiker andererseits bahnbrechende Fortschritte bei der Erklärung grundlegender Fragen zur Morphogenese und zur Bildung von Mustern. Chemiker dagegen beginnen gerade erst, die Herstellung synthetischer Materialien in Betracht zu ziehen, deren äußeres Erscheinungsbild der Natur entliehen ist. Dieser Aufsatz zeigt einen Weg zur direkten biomimetischen Synthese anorganischer Strukturen auf, ausgehend vom Verständnis der Kristallmorphologie und der Biomineralisation. Die Gleichgewichtsform von Kristallen lässt sich durch oberflächenaktive Additive nur soweit verändern, wie es die Symmetrie der Elementarzelle erlaubt. Dagegen unterscheiden sich biologische Mineralien, z. B. Muscheln, Knochen und Zähne, von synthetischen in der Komplexität ihres äußeren Erscheinungsbilds. Dieses hat oft nur noch geringe Ähnlichkeit mit der Ordnung der anorganischen Kristalle, aus denen es besteht. Mit Kenntnis der Konstruktionsprozesse, die den anorganischen Strukturen in lebenden Organismen zugrunde liegen, sollte es möglich sein, eine „Chemie der Form“ im Labor zu entwickeln. So können komplexe, sehr kleine anorganische Strukturen bereits bei Raumtemperatur hergestellt werden, indem man Mineralisationen (Fällungen) in selbstorganisierten organischen Medien wie Tensidmicellen, Blockcopolymer-Aggregaten oder Mikroemulsionströpfchen durchführt. Dabei bilden sich ungewöhnliche Strukturen, wenn in diesen Reaktionsfeldern Instabilitätsschwellen überschritten werden. So lassen sich Synthese und Selbstorganisation koppeln, um Materialien mit höhergeordnetem Aufbau herzustellen. Wie ihre biologischen Analoga repräsentieren diese neuen anorganischen Strukturen eine Art organisierter Materie, die einer „sanften“ Chemie entstammt.
The Clinical Importance of Leukocyte Depletion inRegular Erythrocyte Transfusions (1986)

Antilymphocyte, antigranulocyte and antiplatelet alloantibodies, T lymphocyte subsets, expression of HLA-DR antigens on T lymphocytes and NK cell function were determined in 11 homozygous β-thalassemic children multitransfused ab initio with Erypur-filtered leukocyte-free red cell units (group A) and in 13 similar children multitransfused with standard packed red cell units (group B). No antibodies were found in group A patients, whereas 69% of group B patients were immunized. The two groups did not differ significantly with regard to the other test results. Considered together, thalassemia patients showed a percentage of T4+ cells and a NK cell function that were significantly lower than those found in a reference group of 16 healthy male blood donors. Thalassemics moreover showed a higher than normal percentage of T3+, T4+ and T8+ cells expressing HLA-DR antigens. The results indicate that leukocyte-free red cells should be the treatment of choice for prospective recipients of multiple transfusions, since they are capable of preventing (or delaying) the production of alloantibodies against leukocytes and platelets. From the data of the present study, it does not seem that the transfusion of leukocyte-free red cells is capable of preventing the abnormalities of some immunological tests that occur in some multitransfused patients. Further investigations, however, are needed to draw conclusions on this problem.
Editorial: Advances in Human Immune System Mouse Models for Studying Human Hematopoiesis and Cancer Immunotherapy (2021)

EDITORIAL article Front. Immunol., 23 December 2021Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy Volume 12 - 2021 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.829644