gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interchangeability of conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines in infants (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of two<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines when administered in serial combination. These vaccines consisted of Hib capsular polysaccharide polyribosyl-ribitol phosphate (PRP) conjugated to the meningococcal outer membrane protein (OMP) complex (PRP-OMP) and<i>H influenzae</i>oligosaccharide conjugated to a mutant toxin (CRM197) isolated from<i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i>(HbOC). <h3>Design.</h3> —Randomized, double-blind, clinical trial evaluating five Hib vaccination regimens. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Vaccine Treatment and Evaluation Units and affiliated private pediatric practices at Saint Louis (Mo) University, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 497 healthy 2-month-old infants scheduled to receive routine immunization. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —Participants received either PRP-OMP or HbOC given as recommended by the manufacturer, PRP-OMP at 2 and 6 months, HbOC at 2 months, then PRP-OMP at 4 and 6 months, or PRP-OMP at 2 months and then HbOC at 4 and 6 months. Unconjugated PRP was given at 15 months to evaluate priming. <h3>Results.</h3> —Geometric mean antibody concentrations differed significantly among the groups following the second and third immunizations of the primary series and following booster immunization with unconjugated PRP. On each occasion, the groups receiving serial combinations of PRP-OMP and HbOC achieved mean antibody concentrations that equalled or exceeded those of the groups receiving a single product. Adverse reactions did not vary by group. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The studied sequential combinations of Hib vaccines were safe and at least as immunogenic as either vaccine alone. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:849-853)
Compressive holography with GPU calculation (2016)

We use compressive in-line holography to measure position of air bubbles in water. In our previous, to employ total variation, simulation results more accurately as compared to the traditional back-propagation method. However, calculation time increases. In this paper, we investigate to accelerate computational speed by using GPU.
THE BUES 2000 IN INTERNATIONAL USE (2001)

This paper gives an overview of the BUES 2000 computerized railroad grade crossing system. Focus is on the safety philosophy of the system and modifications that have been made to the system in various countries.
Clinical Evaluation of Signal-to-Noise Ratio–Based Noise Reduction in Nucleus® Cochlear Implant Recipients (2011)

The noise reduction algorithm was successful in improving sentence perception in speech-weighted noise, as well as in more dynamic types of background noise. The algorithm is currently being trialed in a behind-the-ear processor for take-home use.
The effect of double-stranded RNA on extracellular matrix deposition in an in vitro model of the airway mucosa (2018)

Bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) and fibroblasts form an epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit (EMTU) that maintains tissue homeostasis and activates repair responses following injury. In asthma, activation of the EMTU by viral infection is proposed to be linked to disease exacerbation. We hypothesised that viral infection activates BECs to induce repair processes within the EMTU. An EMTU model incorporating polarised BECs (16HBE14o-) and fibroblasts (MRC-5) grown on the apical and basolateral surface of a nanoporous membrane respectively was established and apically challenged with dsRNA (a molecular pattern that mimics viral replication). Ionic permeability was determined by transepithelial electrical resistance and IL-6 release by ELISA. Fibroblast responses were assessed by extracellular matrix (ECM) protein and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression by immunofluorescence microscopy or by Western blotting. In the EMTU model, dsRNA increased ionic permeability and IL-6 release relative to BEC monocultures. Supplementation with ascorbic acid, an important co-factor in ECM formation, enhanced ECM deposition in control co-cultures, but had no effect on dsRNA-dependent IL-6 release or ionic permeability. Apical dsRNA challenge increased fibronectin, collagen and α-SMA expression in fibroblasts and increased release of ECM proteins in cell-free supernatants. These data demonstrate that dsRNA elicits an inflammatory response from BECs and induces fibroblasts to differentiate into ECM-producing myofibroblasts. This suggests that viral infection can cause epithelial-mesenchymal cross-talk within the EMTU and this may contribute to repair and/or remodelling responses <i>in vivo</i>.
Inhibition Of Transcription Factors By Anti‐Inflammatory And Anti‐Rheumatic Drugs: Can Variability In Response Be Overcome? (2000)

1. The drugs used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) form a diverse group with unpredictable adverse effects, mostly weak efficacy and variable responses. Despite their differences, a common feature of many anti-inflammatory and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARD) is inhibition of pro-inflammatory transcription factors, particularly nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and activator protein (AP)-1. 2. The present brief review identifies those drugs capable of inhibiting transcription factors, particularly steroids, gold salts, D-penicillamine, cyclosporine A and possibly salicylates. 3. The newer biological inhibitors of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-1beta are capable of indirect inhibition of NF-kappaB activation, although even with these potent agents the problem of variability in response has not disappeared. 4. The development of selective inhibitors of the transcription factor NF-kappaB should have the benefit of the anti-inflammatory drugs and DMARD, both new and old. 5. It is hypothesized that this strategy will overcome much of the variability in the therapeutic response and adverse effects that limit the usefulness of the existing drugs in the treatment of RA.
Thyroid transcription factor‐1 (TTF‐1) immunoreactivity is an adverse prognostic factor in endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus (2013)

Our study confirms that TTF-1 is expressed in a small, but not insignificant, proportion of endometrial adenocarcinomas. TTF-1 positivity in low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinomas is an indicator of poorer prognosis.
The Heparin Binding Domain of Vitronectin Is the Region that Is Required to Enhance Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Signaling (2005)

We have shown that vitronectin (Vn) binding to a cysteine loop sequence within the extracellular domain of the beta3-subunit (amino acids 177-184) of alphaVbeta3 is required for the positive effects of Vn on IGF-I signaling. When Vn binding to this sequence is blocked, IGF-I signaling in smooth muscle cells is impaired. Because this binding site is distinct from the site on beta3 to which the Arg-Gly-Asp sequence of extracellular matrix ligands bind (amino acids 107-171), we hypothesized that the region of Vn that binds to the cysteine loop on beta3 is distinct from the region that contains the Arg-Gly-Asp sequence. The results presented in this study demonstrate that this heparin binding domain (HBD) is the region of Vn that binds to the cysteine loop region of beta3 and that this region is sufficient to mediate the positive effects of Vn on IGF-I signaling. We provide evidence that binding of the HBD of Vn to alphaVbeta3 has direct effects on the activation state of beta3 as measured by beta3 phosphorylation. The increase in beta3 phosphorylation associated with exposure of cells to this HBD is associated with enhanced phosphorylation of the adaptor protein Src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C and enhanced activation MAPK, a downstream mediator of IGF-I signaling. We conclude that the interaction of the HBD of Vn binding to the cysteine loop sequence of beta3 is necessary and sufficient for the positive effects of Vn on IGF-I-mediated effects in smooth muscle cells.
Mechanical and Heat Sensitization of Cutaneous Nociceptors After Peripheral Inflammation in The Rat (1999)

Tissue injuries commonly cause an increase in pain sensitivity, so that normally painful stimuli become more painful (hyperalgesia), and those usually associated with nonnoxious sensations evoke pain (allodynia). The neural bases for these sensory phenomena have been explored most extensively using heat injuries and experimental arthritis as models. Heat sensitization of cutaneous nociceptors is observed after burns, and sensitization of articular afferents to limb movements occurs after knee joint inflammation. These are likely to be peripheral mechanisms of hyperalgesia. Others, using different models of peripheral inflammation, have only rarely found mechanical sensitization of cutaneous nociceptors. In general these studies have failed to evaluate suprathreshold mechanical sensitivity, which has led to the concept of enhanced spinal cord processing ("central sensitization") serving as the neural substrate for mechanical hyperalgesia. In the current experiments, the mechanical and heat responses of cutaneous nociceptors supplying the glabrous skin of the rat hindpaw were studied 16-24 h after induction of acute inflammation with complete Freund's adjuvant. Single-fiber recordings were made from nociceptors in the sciatic nerve of barbiturate-anesthetized animals, and their responses compared with those obtained from nociceptors tested identically in normal animals. Nociceptors were characterized by the following: 1) graded mechanical stimuli (5-90 g) delivered with probes of tip area of 1 and 0.1 mm(2), 2) their adaptive responses to 2-min mechanical stimuli at three intensities, and 3) their responses to graded heat stimuli (40-50 degrees C). Forty-three nociceptors were studied in the inflamed state; 20 were A fibers, and the remainder were C fibers. Mechanical thresholds, determined with calibrated monofilaments, were not significantly different from controls. Sensitization to suprathreshold mechanical stimuli was observed for both A- and C-fiber nociceptors, although it was greater for the A fibers. Similarly, sensitization during testing of adaptive properties of A- and C-fiber nociceptors was seen, although it was limited to the dynamic (initial) and not the static (plateau) phase of the response. Heat sensitization was observed in 25% of A-fiber nociceptors, but the responses of C fibers to heat were depressed. Other indicators of neuronal sensitization, such as spontaneous activity and expanded receptive fields, were also observed. It was concluded that the mechanical hyperalgesia caused by peripheral inflammation could be explained by nociceptor sensitization. Central mechanisms cannot be completely ruled out as contributing to such hyperalgesia, although their role may be much smaller than previously envisaged.
Probing strongly hybridized nuclear-electronic states in a model quantum ferromagnet (2016)

We present direct local-probe evidence for strongly hybridized nuclear-electronic spin states of an Ising ferromagnet ${\mathrm{LiHoF}}_{4}$ in a transverse magnetic field. The nuclear-electronic states are addressed via a magnetic resonance in the GHz frequency range using coplanar resonators and a vector network analyzer. The magnetic resonance spectrum is successfully traced over the entire field-temperature phase diagram, which is remarkably well reproduced by mean-field calculations. Our method can be directly applied to a broad class of materials containing rare-earth ions for probing the substantially mixed nature of the nuclear and electronic moments.
Network analysis of temporal functionalities of the gut induced by perturbations in new-born piglets (2015)

The applied systems-biology approach allowed us to take the first steps in unravelling biological processes involved in long lasting effects in the gut due to early life perturbations. The observed data are consistent with the hypothesis that these long lasting effects are due to differences in the programming of the gut immune system as induced by the temporary early life changes in the composition and/or diversity of microbiota in the gut.
Transfer to Processing Tomato and Characterization of Late Blight Resistance Derived from Solanum pimpinellifolium L. L3708 (2005)

Late blight [caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary] causes severe loss of tomato [ Solanum lycopersicum L. (formerly Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)] production in environments favorable to the pathogen. Researchers at the Asia Vegetable Research Development Center (AVRDC) identified resistance to late blight in an accession of S. pimpinellifolium [formerly L. pimpinellifolium (L.) Mill.] that they named accession L3708. This resistance has now been transferred to processing tomato lines, which are resistant to multiple P. infestans isolates. Lab trials, inoculated field trials in New York, and naturally infested field trials in Mexico all indicate that these processing tomato lines are fixed for late blight resistance. Segregation data obtained for resistance in the breeding populations were dependent on the pathogen isolate used for the disease screen. Segregation data do not support the hypothesis of single gene control of the full resistance trait, but instead suggest that more than one gene is involved, and that these genes interact in an epistatic manner.
Evolutionary-based Design and Control of Geometry Aims for AMD-manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V Parts (2016)

Additive Metal Deposition (AMD) is an additive manufacturing process building parts based on a nozzle-fed powder by laser assisted solidification. The AMD technology offers unique advantages for the production of near net-shape parts. In contrast to the powder bed-based technologies it provides a high productivity grade. Today AMD lacks reproducible process strategies manufacturing large parts in narrow tolerances. The building height of a single layer and the geometrical shape of a whole part alter progressively with increasing part dimensions - consecutively leading to a higher effort in the manufacturing-process development for such parts. To reduce this effort, in this paper first an iterative identification of optimal process parameters is performed by following an evolutionary algorithm under varied BC. Based on the geometry-related parameter sets, tolerances are defined. The process strategies and tolerances are validated for a prototype application considering the defined quality aims. Finally the results are discussed and summarized in an a-priori process design guideline for AMD Ti6Al4V-parts.
Instance Segmentation by Jointly Optimizing Spatial Embeddings and Clustering Bandwidth (2019)

Current state-of-the-art instance segmentation methods are not suited for real-time applications like autonomous driving, which require fast execution times at high accuracy. Although the currently dominant proposal-based methods have high accuracy, they are slow and generate masks at a fixed and low resolution. Proposal-free methods, by contrast, can generate masks at high resolution and are often faster, but fail to reach the same accuracy as the proposal-based methods. In this work we propose a new clustering loss function for proposal-free instance segmentation. The loss function pulls the spatial embeddings of pixels belonging to the same instance together and jointly learns an instance-specific clustering bandwidth, maximizing the intersection-over-union of the resulting instance mask. When combined with a fast architecture, the network can perform instance segmentation in real-time while maintaining a high accuracy. We evaluate our method on the challenging Cityscapes benchmark and achieve top results (5% improvement over Mask R-CNN) at more than 10 fps on 2MP images.
Calculation of dispersion for two optical fiber profiles by the propagating beam technique (1980)

The propagating beam method provides an accurate configuration space description for the field in an optical fiber. From the Fourier transforms of certain correlation functions of the field it is possible to generate all mode properties of the field. These methods are applied to two fiber profiles in order to determine their dispersion properties.
Equine Intestinal Mucosal Pathobiology (2017)

The equine intestinal mucosa is intimately involved in maintaining homeostasis both on a systemic level by controlling extracellular fluid movement and at the local level to maintain barrier function. Horses are particularly susceptible to the clinical syndrome of colic, with the most severe cases involving strangulating obstruction that induces ischemia. Because of the mucosal vascular architecture, the mucosal epithelium is particularly susceptible to ischemic injury. The potential for reperfusion injury has been investigated and found to play a minimal role. However, inflammation does affect mucosal repair. Mechanisms of repair, including villus contraction, epithelial restitution, and tight junction closure, are critical to reforming the mucosal barrier. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have an impact on this repair, particularly at the level of the tight junctions. Completion of mucosal regeneration requires proliferation, which is now being actively studied in equine enteroids. All of these aspects of equine mucosal pathobiology are reviewed in depth.
RABiT-II-DCA: A Fully-automated Dicentric Chromosome Assay in Multiwell Plates (2019)

We developed a fully-automated dicentric chromosome assay (DCA) in multiwell plates. All operations, from sample loading to chromosome scoring, are performed, without human intervention, by the second-generation Rapid Automated Biodosimetry Tool II (RABiT-II) robotic system, a plate imager and custom software, FluorQuantDic. The system requires small volumes of blood (30 µl per individual) to determine radiation dose received as a result of a radiation accident or terrorist attack. To visualize dicentrics in multiwell plates, we implemented a non-classical protocol for centromere FISH staining at 37°C. The RABiT-II performs rapid analysis of chromosomes after extracting them from metaphase cells. With the use of multiwell plates, many samples can be screened at the same time. Thus, the RABiT-II DCA provides an advantage during triage when risk-based stratification and medical management are required for a large population exposed to unknown levels of ionizing radiation.
Pilot-Testing Multiple Pretreatment Systems for Seawater Desalination (2011)

Two neighboring water suppliers in California—the City of Santa Cruz Water Department and Soquel Creek Water District—conducted a comprehensive pilot program to advance the science and economic feasibility of treating seawater from the Pacific Ocean (Monterey Bay) for use as drinking water. Collaborating to direct the desalination program and develop a 2.5-mgd (9,500 m3/day) seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant, the water suppliers formed the scwd2 Task Force. The proposed plant would provide a reliable, sustainable, alternative supply for the city to augment limited surface water supplies during water supply shortages, including droughts, and provide a steady supply of 1–2 mgd (3,800–7,600 m3/day) for the district to reduce overdraft of depleted groundwater supplies and protect against seawater intrusion.
Molecular basis of the non-beta-lactamase-mediated resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in strains of Haemophilus influenzae isolated in Canada (1992)

A study recently conducted across Canada showed that 64 of 2,503 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae were resistant to beta-lactams without production of a beta-lactamase (L. D. Tremblay, J. L'Ecuyer, P. Provencher, M. G. Bergeron, and Canadian Study Group, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 143:895-900, 1990). The beta-lactamase-negative strains formed three distinct groups, with ampicillin MICs of 0.5 to 1, 2 to 4, and greater than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml for groups I, II, and III, respectively. We have investigated the mechanisms of resistance for eight strains originating from different infections and geographic areas. These strains were representative of groups I to III. Five strains were nontypeable, two were type B, and one was non-B. Chromosomal DNA extracted from each strain was used to transform the laboratory strain Rd. Transformants were selected on beta-lactam-containing plates and showed the same level of resistance to ampicillin as the donor strains. Differences in outer membrane proteins, porins, and lipopolysaccharide profiles on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) did not change with resistance. Functional analyses of purified porins in artificial lipid bilayer experiments did not explain resistance. Peptidoglycan synthesis was measured by incorporation of [14C]alanine into trichloroacetic acid-insoluble cell wall material in the presence of chloramphenicol. The growth rate and the rate of peptidoglycan synthesis observed for the transformants of the isogenic set did not correlate with resistance. Whole-cell labeling with 125I-penicillin revealed modifications in penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) among the transformants. In particular, PBPs 3A and 3B (65 and 63 kDa, respectively) showed a decrease in affinity for beta-lactams in all transformants (groups I, II, and III) and correlated with an increased MIC except in the transformant of group III, which showed higher levels of resistance. Partial purification and proteolytic digestion of 125I-penicillin-labeled PBP 3B led to two types of CnBr peptide profiles on SDS-PAGE, the profiles of the transformed strains from groups I and II being different from those of the control group and group III. Finally, electron microscopy revealed a distinct cell filamentation for the group III transformants. These data clearly indicate that changes in PBPs are a common mechanism that results in a significant level of non-beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in H. influenzae despite serotype, origin of isolation, or geographic distribution.
Citrullination: A Target for Disease Intervention in Multiple Sclerosis and other Inflammatory Diseases? (2013)

\n Contains fulltext :\n 123057.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)\n
HYBRIDIZATION IN THE BABASSU PALM COMPLEX: I. ORBIGNYA PHALERATA × O. EICHLERI (1987)

The babassu palm ( Orbignya phalerata ) is an important source of oil and charcoal in Brazil. In some areas it grows in association with O. eichleri , and where their distribution is sympatric, a third palm is found. This taxon was described by Bondar in 1954 as O. teixeirana. As a result of intense fieldwork and subsequent morphological and anatomical studies, we conclude that O. teixeirana is a hybrid between O. phalerata and O. eichleri and propose a change in its status to reflect this new understanding of its origin.
Processing of sliding spotlight mode data with consideration of orbit geometry (2009)

In this paper a processing algorithm for sliding spotlight SAR raw data with consideration of orbit geometry is presented. The processing is based on the chirp scaling algorithm with a pre-processing step for the sliding spotlight mode. The chirp scaling processing algorithm for SAR raw data assumes a flat Earth geometry. This approximation is not valid for a high resolution satellite Proposed algorithm considers a circular orbit and corrects the processing algorithm accordingly through a range dependent velocity ratio. The processing algorithm is evaluated on a simulated raw data of a scene consisting of ideal point targets.