gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Function of Bluetongue Virus NS3 Protein in Regulation of the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway (2019)

Abstract Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arbovirus transmitted by blood-feeding midges to a wide range of wild and domestic ruminants. In this report, we showed that BTV, through its virulence non-structural protein NS3 (BTV-NS3), is able to activate the MAPK/ERK pathway. In response to growth factors, the MAPK/ERK pathway activates cell survival, differentiation, proliferation and protein translation but can also lead to the production of several inflammatory cytokines. By combining immunoprecipitation of BTV-NS3 and mass spectrometry analysis from both BTV-infected and NS3-transfected cells, we identified the serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf (BRAF), a crucial player of the MAPK/ERK pathway, as a new cellular interactor of BTV-NS3. BRAF silencing led to a significant decrease of the MAPK/ERK activation by BTV supporting a model where BTV-NS3 interacts with BRAF to activate this signaling cascade. Furthermore, the intrinsic ability of BTV-NS3 to bind BRAF and activate the MAPK/ERK pathway is conserved throughout multiple serotypes/strains but appears to be specific to BTV compared to other members of Orbivirus genus. Inhibition of MAPK/ERK pathway with U0126 reduced viral titers, suggesting that BTV manipulates this pathway for its own replication. Therefore, the activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway by BTV-NS3 could benefit to BTV replication by promoting its own viral protein synthesis but could also explain the deleterious inflammation associated with tissue damages as already observed in severe cases of BT disease. Altogether, our data provide molecular mechanisms to explain the role of BTV-NS3 as a virulence factor and determinant of pathogenesis. Importance Bluetongue Virus (BTV) is responsible of the non-contagious arthropod-borne disease Bluetongue (BT) transmitted to ruminants by blood-feeding midges. Despite the fact that BTV has been extensively studied, we still have little understanding of the molecular determinants of BTV virulence. In this report, we found that the virulence protein NS3 interacts with BRAF, a key component of the MAPK/ERK pathway. In response to growth factors, this pathway promotes cell survival, increases protein translation but also contributes to the production of inflammatory cytokines. We showed that BTV-NS3 enhances the MAPK/ERK pathway and this activation is BRAF-dependent. Our results demonstrate, at the molecular level, how a single virulence factor has evolved to target a cellular function to ensure its viral replication. On the other hand, our findings could also explain the deleterious inflammation associated with tissue damages as already observed in severe cases of BT disease.
Interfacial Reaction Between Molten Sn-Bi Based Solders and Electroless Ni-P Coatings for Liquid Solder Interconnects (2008)

This paper reports on the interfacial reactions and lifetime of electroless Ni-P coatings in contact with molten Sn-Bi based solders. A layer of approximately 4 mum thick electroless Ni-P in contact with the molten Sn-58Bi solder began to fail at 48 h at temperatures between 200degC and 240degC . Elemental additions to modify the solder, included 1-2wt.% of Al, Cr, Si, Zn, Ag, Au, Ru, Ti, Pt, Nb, and Cu. Of these, only Cu modified the interfacial intermetallic compound growth from Ni <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Sn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> to (Cu,Ni) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> Sn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> , resulting in significantly decreased consumption rates of the Ni-P substrate in contact with the molten solder and increasing the lifetime of the Ni-P layer to between 430 and 716 h. Micro cracks were observed in all but the thinnest Ni-P layers, allowing the solder to penetrate.
De novo duplication of Xq22.1→q24 with a disruption of the NXF gene cluster in a mentally retarded woman with short stature and premature ovarian failure (2011)

A duplication of Xq22.1→q24 with a disruption of the NXF gene cluster in female patients can be associated with clinical manifestations of mental retardation in addition to short stature and premature ovarian failure.
The Moving Least-Squares (MLS) Smoothing Scheme (2014)

Despite the efforts in optimizing the shape parameter, c, of the RBF expansion for every topology, it is found that derivative fields, in particular odd one-sided derivatives, such as those found in convective terms of transport equations as well as in divergence operators, tend to oscillate specially towards the areas of large gradients such as re-circulating zones, corners, impingement planes, etc. For this reason, additional care must be taken when formulating the direct derivative expansion vectors within each topology.
The xenon isotopic signature of the mantle beneath Massif Central (2018)

The origin of the Central European Volcanic Province, which includes the Massif Central and the Eifel regions, is currently debated. Several different causes have been proposed to account for the volcanism observed in the area. Namely, both the presence of one or more mantle plumes under Europe, and the upwelling and melting of upper mantle related to the formation of the Alps, have been suggested as possible drivers of volcanism. In order to distinguish between these possibilities, we have analysed noble gases in the Lignat Spring to constrain the nature of the mantle source below the Massif Central. The gas has a 3 He/ 4 He ratio of 5.51 Ra, whereas its neon isotopic signature is identical to that of MORB source. The gas has an 40 Ar/ 36 Ar ratio of 1113 3, far in excess of the atmospheric ratio. The xenon isotopic pattern is explained by 95 % atmospheric contamination of a MORB-like gas. The noble gases clearly show that the mantle beneath Massif Central has a geochemical signature similar to MORB source mantle, with the exception of helium, which more closely corresponds to SCLM signatures, and thus removes the need for the presence of a mantle plume in the region.
Differential Oncogenic Effects of Methylnitrosourea2 (1975)

We investigated differences in the oncogenic effects of methylnitrosourea (MNU) which were induced by varying dose schedules and changing administration routes. The nervous system represented the target organ when MNU was given intravenously to rats. Carcinogen by other routes resulted in decreased numbers of neurogenic tumors and the appearance of neoplasms at the injection site. Increased oral doses of MNU caused shorter survival times, a decreased incidence of neuroglial tumors, and increased numbers of thymic lymphomas and mesenchymal tumors of the nervous system. The results suggest that many tissues are susceptible to the oncogenic effects of MNU, but the degree of exposure necessary for neoplastic transformation varies.
Factors Influencing the Sensitivity of the CDMPI Sensor (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Phytochemical Profile of Wollemia nobilis Half-Matured Female Cones and Their Potential Ethnopharmacological and Nutraceutical Activities (2018)

In this work, the half-matured female cones of the rare species, Wollemia nobilis, were studied for their phytochemical profile for the first time. Fourteen compounds were isolated and identified by means of column chromatography, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry (MS). In particular, these compounds were acetyl-isocupressic acid (1), methyl-(E)-communate (2), sandaracopimaric acid (3), wollemol (4), 7''-O-methyl-agathisflavone (5), 7,4'''-di-O-methyl-agathisflavone (6), shikimic acid (7), quinic acid (8), glucose (9), sucrose (10), raffinose (11), D-lactic acid (12), succinic acid (13) and alanine (14). The chemotaxonomic implications of their presence were discussed and a preliminary phytochemical comparison between these cones and the male ones was also performed. This evidenced several similarities but also some differences that were widely treated about. Moreover, a preliminary nutraceutical evaluation of these cones, based on phytochemistry, was carried out. Actually, this showed a good nutraceutical potentiality of the half-matured cones but also some potential critical state mainly due to the occurrence of acetyl-isocupressic acid (1), which is quite known to have some adverse pharmacological effects. For this reason, more in-depth nutraceutical studies would be necessary to exactly determine the ethnopharmacological and nutraceutical value of these cones.
Table S5 from Deep Transcriptome Profiling of Multiple Myeloma Using Quantitative Phenotypes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Time to first-line treatment failure covariates and added predictive values.&lt;/p&gt;
Physostigmine for prevention of postoperative delirium and long-term cognitive dysfunction in liver surgery (2021)

DOI 10.1186/ISRCTN18978802, EudraCT 2008-007237-47, Ethics approval ZS EK 11 618/08 (15 January 2009).
Driving Forces and Pathways For H+ and K+ Transport in Insect Midgut Goblet Cells (1992)

In the midgut of larval lepidopteran insects, goblet cells are believed to secrete K+; the proposed mechanism involves an electrogenic K+/nH+ (n > 1) antiporter coupled to primary active transport of H+ by a vacuolar-type ATPase. Goblet cells have a prominent apical cavity isolated from the gut lumen by a valve-like structure. Using H(+)- and K(+)-selective microelectrodes, we showed that electrochemical gradients of H+ and K+ across the apical membrane and valve are consistent with active secretion of both ions into the cavity and that the transapical H+ electrochemical gradient, but not the transapical pH gradient, is competent to drive K+ secretion by a K+/nH+ antiporter. We used 10 mmol l-1 tetramethylammonium ion (TMA+) as a marker for the ability of small cations to pass from the gut lumen through the valve to the goblet cavity, exploiting the high TMA+ sensitivity of 'K(+)-sensitive' microelectrodes. These studies showed that more than half of the cavities were inaccessible to TMA+. For those cavities that were accessible to TMA+, both entry and exit rates were too slow to be consistent with direct entry through the valves. One or more mixing compartments appear to lie between the lumen bathing solution and the goblet cavity. The lateral intercellular spaces and goblet cell cytoplasm are the most likely compartments. The results are not consistent with free diffusion of ions in a macroscopic valve passage; mechanisms that would allow K+ secreted into the goblet cavity to exit to the gut lumen, while preventing H+ from exiting, remain unclear.
Mid-infrared and THz Quantum cascade laser frequency combs (2015)

The locking mechanism of broadband mid-infrared and THz Quantum cascade frequency combs will be explained. Octave-spanning frequency, dispersion correction as well as proof of principle spectroscopy experiments will also be discussed.
Surface wettability plays a significant role in gecko adhesion underwater (2013)

Although we now have thousands of studies focused on the nano-, micro-, and whole-animal mechanics of gecko adhesion on clean, dry substrates, we know relatively little about the effects of water on gecko adhesion. For many gecko species, however, rainfall frequently wets the natural surfaces they navigate. In an effort to begin closing this gap, we tested the adhesion of geckos on submerged substrates that vary in their wettability. When tested on a wet hydrophilic surface, geckos produced a significantly lower shear adhesive force (5.4 ± 1.33 N) compared with a dry hydrophilic surface (17.1 ± 3.93 N). In tests on an intermediate wetting surface and a hydrophobic surface, we found no difference in shear adhesion between dry and wet contact. Finally, in tests on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), we found that geckos clung significantly better to wet PTFE (8.0 ± 1.09 N) than dry PTFE (1.6 ± 0.66 N). To help explain our results, we developed models based on thermodynamic theory of adhesion for contacting surfaces in different media and found that we can predict the ratio of shear adhesion in water to that in air. Our findings provide insight into how geckos may function in wet environments and also have significant implications for the development of a synthetic gecko mimic that retains adhesion in water.
Studies on the polymorphism of barbital. (1976)

Crystalline samples of barbital obtained by isothermal crystallization from various solvents or by sublimation were analysed. Morphological, thermomicroscopical, thermal, IR, density and initial dissolution rate studies were carried out. X-ray analysis according to Debye-Scherrer was realised after 9-month storage of samples at room conditions. The ability of barbital to form polymorphic modifications was confirmed but the conclusions of previous works were discussed. It was found that the stability of metastable crystal structures II, III and IV was high enough to make them commercially feasible.
Gene therapy approaches for the treatment of retinal disorders. (2016)

There is an impelling need to develop effective therapeutic strategies for patients with retinal disorders. Gleaning from the large quantity of information gathered over the past two decades on the mechanisms governing degeneration of the retina, it is now possible to devise innovative therapies based on retinal gene transfer. Different gene-based approaches are under active investigation. They include strategies to correct the specific genetic defect in inherited retinal diseases, strategies to delay the onset of blindness independently of the disease-causing mutations, and strategies to reactivate residual cells at late stages of the diseases. In this review, we discuss the status of application of these technologies, outlining the future therapeutic potential for many forms of retinal blinding diseases.
Chlamydospore Formation in Candida albicans Requires the Efg1p Morphogenetic Regulator (1999)

Chlamydospore formation of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans was found to depend on the Efg1 protein, which regulates the yeast-hyphal transition. Isogenic mutants lacking EFG1 or encoding T206A and T206E variants did not differentiate chlamydospores, while cek1, cph1, or tpk2 mutations had no effect. Furthermore, filamentation of efg1 cph1 double mutants in microaerophilic conditions suggests a novel Efg1p/Cph1p-independent filamentation pathway in C. albicans.
The Development of a Low cost, Neutral, Emollient Lotion (1954)

Journal Article The Development of a Low cost, Neutral, Emollient Lotion Get access Samuel W. Becker, Jr., Samuel W. Becker, Jr. Senior Assistant Surgeon (R), is Dermatologist U.S. Public Health Service Outpatient Clinic, Washington, D. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar George J. Gruber George J. Gruber formerly Assistant Pharmacist U. S. Public Health Service Outpatient Clinic in Washington, D. C., is now at the P.H.S. Hospital in Seattle. Wash. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Bulletin of the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Volume 11, Issue 2, 1 April 1954, Pages 107–108, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/11.2.107 Published: 01 April 1954
Molecular characterization and tissue distribution of ZO-2, a tight junction protein homologous to ZO-1 and the Drosophila discs-large tumor suppressor protein (1994)

ZO-1 is a 210-225-kD peripheral membrane protein associated with cytoplasmic surfaces of the zonula occludens or tight junction. A 160-kD polypeptide, designated ZO-2, was found to coimmunoprecipitate with ZO-1 from MDCK cell extracts prepared under conditions which preserve protein associations (Gumbiner, B., T. Lowenkopf, and D. Apatira. 1991. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 88: 3460-3464). We have isolated ZO-2 from MDCK cell monolayers by bulk coimmunoprecipitation with ZO-1 followed by electroelution from preparative SDS-PAGE gel slices. Amino acid sequence information obtained from a ZO-2 tryptic fragment was used to isolate a partial cDNA clone from an MDCK library. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed that canine ZO-2 contains a region that is very similar to sequences in human and mouse ZO-1. This region includes both a 90-amino acid repeat domain of unknown function and guanylate kinase-like domains which are shared among members of the family of proteins that includes ZO-1, erythrocyte p55, the product of the lethal(1)discs-large-1 (dlg) gene of Drosophila, and a synapse-associated protein from rat brain, PSD-95/SAP90. The dlg gene product has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor in the imaginal disc of the Drosophila larva, although the functions of other family members have not yet been defined. A polyclonal antiserum was raised against a unique region of ZO-2 and found to exclusively label the cytoplasmic surfaces of tight junctions in MDCK plasma membrane preparations, indicating that ZO-2 is a tight junction-associated protein. Immunohistochemical staining of frozen sections of whole tissue demonstrated that ZO-2 localized to the region of the tight junction in a number of epithelia, including liver, intestine, kidney, testis, and arterial endothelium, suggesting that this protein is a ubiquitous component of the tight junction. Double-label immunofluorescence microscopy performed on cryosections of heart, a nonepithelial tissue, revealed the presence of ZO-1 but no ZO-2 staining at the fascia adherens, a specialized junction of cardiac myocytes which has previously been shown to contain ZO-1 (Itoh, M., S. Yonemura, A. Nagafuchi, S. Tsukita, and Sh. Tsukita. 1991. J. Cell Biol. 115:1449-1462). Thus it appears that ZO-2 is not a component of the fascia adherens, and that unlike ZO-1, this protein is restricted to the epithelial tight junction.
Stereoselective Access to Conjugated and Cross-Conjugated Dienoates by Rh- and Ru-Catalyzed Isomerizations of Vinylcyclopropanes (2022)

Two complementary catalytic protocols for the isomerization of stereoisomeric mixtures of vinylcyclopropanes are described. A commercially available cationic rhodium complex provides access to conjugated dienoates in high yield with excellent stereocontrol. The combination of a bisphosphine ligand and a ruthenium precatalyst affords cross-conjugated dienoates via a formal 1,3-ring opening. The products are obtained with moderate to high stereoselectivity. The ability of each type of dienoate to engage in [4 + 2] cycloaddition reactions has been demonstrated.
Cat brain cytochrome-c oxidase redox changes induced by hypoxia after blood-fluorocarbon exchange transfusion (1995)

We used rapid-scanning near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy (730-960 nm) to study the effects of graded or acute hypoxia on cerebral cytochrome-c oxidase (cyt aa3) redox state in blood-perfluoro-carbon-exchanged cats with somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) monitoring. In graded hypoxia [10 min each at fractional inspiratory O2 concentration (FIO2) 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, and 0.5], cyt aa3 reduction occurred at FIO2 0.6 when cerebral O2 delivery was < 3.5 ml.100 g-1.min-1. In acute hypoxia (FIO2 0.6 for 10 min), significant cyt aa3 reduction occurred from 5 to 10 min (cerebral O2 delivery 3.1 +/- 0.3 ml.100 g-1.min-1) and recovered with reoxygenation (FIO2 1.0). Cyt aa3 redox changes preceded or coincided with SEP alterations in both hypoxia protocols. These results demonstrate that cerebral cyt aa3 reduction occurs with severe reduction of cerebral O2 delivery, but no significant change in cerebral cyt aa3 redox state occurs with small reductions of cerebral O2 delivery. We conclude that substantial changes in cerebral cyt aa3 do not occur at physiological levels of O2 delivery and that current NIR clinical instruments would detect oxygen-dependent cerebral cyt aa3 redox changes only when O2 delivery is extremely compromised.
Expansion of Laser Beam in Only One Dimension (1968)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Arthur L. Besse, "Expansion of Laser Beam in Only One Dimension," Appl. Opt. 7, 2322-2322 (1968) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
DN 21, DN 41: negative-tone photoresists for deep-UV lithography (1992)

Advanced negative photoresists for both KrF-excimer laser lithography (DN 21) and deep-UV broadband irradiation (DN 41) have been investigated. The materials are based on the well established chemistry of an acid-sensitive melamine derivative as the crosslinking species, a phenolic polymer containing 3-methyl-4-hydroxystyrene and 4-hydroxystyrene units, and an efficient photoacid generator. This paper briefly reviews the chemistry of DN 21 and DN 41 and concentrates on some selected lithographic performance parameters. The effects of various process conditions on resist performance have been examined, especially with respect to photosensitivity, contrast, and resist profiles. DN 21/DN 41 show an excellent delay time behavior between exposure and post exposure bake and are insensitive to environmental contaminants. An optimized process gives a resolution of 0.30 micron lines and spaces using a KrF-excimer laser stepper. A good linearity down to 0.35 micrometers and depth of focus values of clearly above 1.0 micron for 0.36 micrometers lines and spaces is shown. Other important factors for the lithographic performance, namely the 3-methyl-4-hydroxystyrene/4- hydroxystyrene ratio, the polymer/crosslinker ratio, and the concentration of photoacid generator is discussed as well. In particular, metal-ion and surfactant free standard developers yield highly vertical resist sidewalls without any scumming, bridging effects or residues between the resist lines. Dry etch properties of the material are found to be equal to conventional positive systems, while the thermal stability is superior.
European Media Regulation: The Increasing Importance of the Supranational (2000)

Media regulation in Europe is examined with respect to the increasing importance of the ‘supranational’ in the shape of the EU. This supranational influence is found to be increasingly important for the audiovisual sector, but to a much lesser extent for the print media. There have been two major ‘prongs' to policy at the supranational level. The first of these is the Television Without Frontiers directive which has established European content requirements, as yet on a voluntary basis in the EU itself, but as mandatory requirements for the applicant countries for membership in Central and Eastern Europe. The second is the MEDIA program of subsidisation for training, pre-production and other activities in the audiovisual sector. The policy area is one which has been strongly fought over between ‘protectionists' such as France, the European Commission and the European Parliament on one side, and the more market and trade-oriented United Kingdom, Germany and the Netherlands, as well as the United States export lobby, on the other. Protection of culture is put forward as a major justification for regulation and subsidisation of the audiovisual sector and industry, with enthusiasm for this diminishing from north to south but being strongest in France.