gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Primary analysis of a phase II study of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for TACE-unsuitable patients with tumor burden beyond up-to-seven criteria in intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: REPLACEMENT study. (2023)

4125 Background: Intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous disease; therefore, the efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is affected by tumor burden, resulting in a wide range of survival outcomes. Multiple recent guidelines suggest that systemic therapy is preferable for patients with intermediate-stage HCC who are TACE unsuitable because of high tumor burden, such as beyond up-to-seven criteria. The Phase III IMbrave150 study established atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (atezo+bev) as the standard of care in patients with unresectable HCC. Here, we investigated whether atezo+bev is potentially superior to TACE in efficacy and safety in TACE-naïve patients with unresectable intermediate-stage HCC beyond up-to-seven criteria. Methods: In this multicenter, phase II study, atezo 1200 mg + bev 15 mg/kg q3w were administered to eligible patients (as defined above plus having Child-Pugh A liver function) enrolled from Dec 2020 to Sep 2021 until discontinuation due to disease progression, adverse events (AEs), or other reasons. Overall survival (OS) follow-up continued for 2.5 years after enrolment. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by mRECIST by investigator; secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), PFS by RECIST v1.1, OS, and safety. In an exploratory analysis, we conducted propensity score matching (PSM) analysis to compare the efficacy between atezo+bev and TACE, the data of which were retrospectively collected in patients treated with TACE in each participating center from Jan 2017 to Dec 2017. Results: In total, 74 patients were enrolled (male, 87.8%; mean age, 73.7 years; median [range］maximum tumor diameter by pre-treatment CT, 4.8［1.0,13.0］cm). Median (min, max) follow-up was 15.0 (1.6, 21.6) months. Median PFS was 9.1 (95%CI: 7.1, 10.2) months (by mRECIST; primary endpoint). ORR was 45.9 (95%CI: 34.3, 57.9) % by mRECIST. Median OS was not reached (NR) (95%CI: NR, NR). 12-month OS rate was 84.6 [95%CI: 74.0, 91.2]%. The most frequent AEs (any grade ≥10% of patients) were hypertension, proteinuria, malaise, anorexia, edema, pruritis, and diarrhea. Conclusions: Atezo+bev provides clinical benefits to TACE-unsuitable patients with intermediate-stage HCC beyond up-to-seven criteria. Results of the exploratory PSM analysis will be presented. Clinical trial information: jrcts071200051 .
The rock abrasion record at Gale Crater: Mars Science Laboratory results from Bradbury Landing to Rocknest (2014)

Abstract Ventifacts, rocks abraded by wind‐borne particles, are found in Gale Crater, Mars. In the eastward drive from “Bradbury Landing” to “Rocknest,” they account for about half of the float and outcrop seen by Curiosity's cameras. Many are faceted and exhibit abrasion textures found at a range of scales, from submillimeter lineations to centimeter‐scale facets, scallops, flutes, and grooves. The drive path geometry in the first 100 sols of the mission emphasized the identification of abrasion facets and textures formed by westerly flow. This upwind direction is inconsistent with predictions based on models and the orientation of regional dunes, suggesting that these ventifact features formed from very rare high‐speed winds. The absence of active sand and evidence for deflation in the area indicates that most of the ventifacts are fossil features experiencing little abrasion today.
Possible role of inflammatory mediators in tactile hypersensitivity in rat models of mononeuropathy (2000)

Peripheral hypersensitivity (hyperalgesia and allodynia) are common phenomena both in inflammatory and in neuropathic pain conditions. Several rat models of mononeuropathy (Bennett, Seltzer and Gazelius models) display such symptoms following partial injury to the sciatic nerve. Using immunohistochemistry and behavioral tests, we investigated inflammatory cell and cytokine responses in the sciatic nerve 14 days after injury created in these different models as well as after axotomy. Tactile hypersensitivity ('allodynia') was present in all Gazelius model rats whereas only 38 and 29% of the Bennett and Seltzer models, respectively, displayed this sign of neuropathy. The inflammatory reactions in rats with and without tactile allodynia were compared. Monocytes/macrophages (ED-1), natural killer cells, T lymphocytes, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), were significantly upregulated in all nerve injured rats in comparison to sham-operated controls. Interestingly, ED-1-, TNF-alpha- and IL-6-positive cells increased more markedly in allodynic Bennett and Seltzer rats than in non-allodynic ones. The magnitude of the inflammatory response does not seem to relate to the extent of damage to the nerve fibers because axotomized rats displayed much lower upregulation. Our findings indicate that the considerable increase in monocytes/macrophages induced by a nerve injury results in a very high release of IL-6 and TNF-alpha. This may relate to the generation of tactile allodynia/hyperalgesia, since there was a clear correlation between the number of ED-1 and IL-6-positive cells and the degree of allodynia. It is possible that measures to reduce monocyte/macrophage recruitment and the release of pro-inflammatory interleukins after nerve damage could influence the development of neuropathic pain.
Synthesis, characterization and microwave dielectric properties of flower - like Co(OH)2/C nanocomposites (2014)

Flower - like Co(OH)2/C nanocomposites have been synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. Flower - like Co(OH)2/C nanocomposites were self - assembled by the nanosheets with the thickness distribution of 50 - 80 nm and abundant flocculent carbon structures. With the help of transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer, nanosheets were observed to have core/shell structure, in which Co(OH)2 worked as cores and amorphous C as shells. When the as - prepared products were heated for 6 h at 180 ºC, the Co(OH)2 cores were amorphous. The heating time increased to 10 h, the Co(OH)2 cores became crystalline. The formation mechanism and the self - assembly evolution process were proposed. The microwave dielectric properties of Co(OH)2/C nanocomposites were investigated in the frequency range of 0.03 - 18 GHz. Compared with the amorphous Co(OH)2/C nanocomposites, crystalline nanocomposites had the better conductivity.
Copper photoredox catalysts for polymerization upon near UV or visible light: structure/reactivity/efficiency relationships and use in LED projector 3D printing resins (2016)

Copper complexes are synthesized and evaluated as new photoredox catalysts/photoinitiators.
Nondestructive Evaluation Modeling as an Integrated Component of ICMSE (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Ultrasonic Characterization of Material Properties Finite Element Model Studies Results and Discussion Conclusions
Quantification of digital subtraction angiography images (1988)

DSA (digital subtraction angiography) produces images of structures opacified by a contrast agent and is useful to quantify vascular structures, which improve diagnosis. The aim of such a quantification is twofold. First, it allows geometric characterization of structures. The authors review the literature and their own results in this area. The quantification also permits blood-flow analysis through the use of the image intensity-contrast agent concentration relationship. Principles and current implementation difficulties of this approach, using densitometric data, are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Physicochemical Characterization of Nano- and Microparticles (2008)

Formulation studies of nano- and microparticles are a rapidly developing area in pharmaceutical sciences. Bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs may be increased by administrating them as nanoparticle formulations. Drug targeting to specific body sites has also been studied intensively (e.g. cancer chemotherapy). In order to ensure the repeatability of the formulation processes and the efficacy/ stability of the formed particles, thorough characterization of the formulations and particles is crucial. The importance of analytical techniques and even during the process analysis has been highlighted by drug authorities (e.g. FDA) with the PAT approach. Minor deviations, e.g., in particle size/shape, surface charge or aggregation tendency, may play a significant role in their behavior in the body. The very small size of the nanoparticles imposes extra demands for the characterization techniques. In this review, the most commonly used and most important analysis methods to characterize the micro- and nanoparticles are discussed with critical view on the applicability and limitations of the methodologies. Some techniques are well known for the researchers in the small particle area (e.g. microscopic techniques, thermal analysis, zeta potential, dissolution rate), but also more rarely used and new techniques (e.g. surface tension/pressure measurements, spectroscopic methods) are taken into account.
Prenatal Care among Low-Income Women (1994)

Forty low-income pregnant women were interviewed about the personal, family, and provider rewards and costs they experienced in obtaining prenatal care. The women identified important rewards as the health of their babies, their own health, partner's desire for a healthy baby, monitoring of the pregnancy by qualified healthcare personnel, and the evaluation of problems by health-care providers. The authors suggest strategies to strengthen personal, family, and provider rewards aimed at achieving a high level of prenatal care for low-income women.
Moyamoya disease susceptibility gene RNF213 links inflammatory and angiogenic signals in endothelial cells (2015)

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder characterized by occlusive lesions of the circle of Willis. To date, both environmental and genetic factors have been implicated for pathogenesis of MMD. Allelic variations in RNF213 are known to confer the risk of MMD; however, functional roles of RNF213 remain to be largely elusive. We herein report that pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFNG and TNFA, synergistically activated transcription of RNF213 both in vitro and in vivo. Using various chemical inhibitors, we found that AKT and PKR pathways contributed to the transcriptional activation of RNF213. Transcriptome-wide analysis and subsequent validation with quantitative PCR supported that endogenous expression of cell cycle-promoting genes were significantly decreased with knockdown of RNF213 in cultured endothelial cells. Consistently, these cells showed less proliferative and less angiogenic profiles. Chemical inhibitors for AKT (LY294002) and PKR (C16) disrupted their angiogenic potentials, suggesting that RNF213 and its upstream pathways cooperatively organize the process of angiogenesis. Furthermore, RNF213 down-regulated expressions of matrix metalloproteases in endothelial cells, but not in fibroblasts or other cell types. Altogether, our data illustrate that RNF213 plays unique roles in endothelial cells for proper gene expressions in response to inflammatory signals from environments.
Relationship between Nonvolatile Composition and Sensory Properties of Premium Spanish Red Wines and Their Correlation to Quality Perception (2010)

The correlation of nonvolatile composition in wines with quality perception is a critical subject in current enological research, and it is far from being clear. Thus, the present work aims at (1) defining the chemical composition and in-mouth sensory properties of a set of wooded premium Spanish red wines and (2) assessing the implication of their chemical composition in the sensory perception of quality. Therefore, 24 wines were analyzed by sensory descriptive analysis and chemical analysis for nonvolatile composition, and their correlations have been discussed. In parallel, a panel of wine experts performed a quality evaluation based on overall perception. Multivariate statistical analysis has revealed that quality was primarily related to wines without defective aroma and secondarily to the presence of nonvolatile components such as reducing sugars and alcohol content as well as some phenolic compounds: proanthocyanidins linked to polysaccharide, trans-caffeic, trans-coutaric, and trans-caftaric acids, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, and malvidin-catechin dimer. The results show that wines evaluated as high-quality wines by experts present higher concentrations of these compounds except for trans-caffeic acid, which accumulates higher concentration levels in low-quality wines.
Composite mesoporous silica nanoparticle/chitosan nanofibers for bone tissue engineering (2015)

A novel MSN/CTS composite nanofibrous scaffold shows improved mechanical properties and enhances the attachment, proliferation and biomineralization of osteoblasts.
Adriatic ‘opisthobranchs’ (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia): shedding light on biodiversity issues (2016)

Abstract We herein review the Adriatic opisthobranch fauna, provide an updated checklist of 223 species and assess their distribution at regional and country levels. New Adriatic records are provided for 67 opisthobranch taxa, adding three new records for the Italian coastline, five new records for Albania, eight for Croatia and 15 for Montenegro. The presence of Hermaea bifida (Montagu, 1815), Hermaea variopicta (Costa A., 1869) and Facelina annulicornis (Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt, 1821) is reported for the first time from anywhere in the Adriatic Sea. Including the new findings, our inventory includes 28 species from Albania, 163 from Croatia, 178 from the Italian coastline of the Adriatic, 41 from Montenegro and 74 from Slovenia. No records were available from Bosnia and Hercegovina. Ninety species (40.4%) are widespread, and were recorded from all three main divisions (Northern, Western and Eastern Adriatic), whilst 79 species (35.4%) were reported from only one of them. At sub‐division levels, the Albanian inventory is the most dissimilar to the other country/regional lists, presumably because of the lack of targeted field surveys. The highest similarity is observed amongst the Western Adriatic, Croatia and the Italian Ionian coastline. Seven alien, one possible alien and three cryptogenic opisthobranchs were reliably recorded from the Adriatic Sea. The first Mediterranean records of five species were in the Adriatic Sea, of which four species have not been found elsewhere in the Mediterranean. Shipping and aquaculture are the probable pathways for most of the alien species. A steady rate of one to two alien introductions per decade since the 1970s was evident. The Northern Adriatic coasts are the most affected by alien invasions, probably due to repeated local introductions along with shellfish transfers (oysters, mussels, Manila clams), and heavy maritime transport.
Density Distributions of Poly(methyl methacrylate)Thin Films in Non-Solvents (2011)

非溶媒中におけるポリメタクリル酸メチル(PMMA)薄膜の密度分布を中性子反射率測定に基づき評価した．非溶媒として水，ヘキサン，メタノールを用い，各種溶媒中における PMMA 薄膜の密度分布を評価した．その結果，水界面においては，PMMA 分子鎖がセグメントレベルで溶解することを明らかにした．また，水よりも PMMA と親和性の低いヘキサン界面においては，水を用いた際のようなセグメント溶解は起こらないこと，メタノール中では膜全体が膨潤することを明らかにした．非溶媒にアルコールを用いた場合，膜中における分子鎖は擬平衡状態にあるといえる．その状態における膜中へのアルコール収着の程度はアルコールのアルキル鎖長に依存した．また，膜内部におけるアルコールの体積分率から PMMA とアルコール間の相互作用(χ)パラメータを算出した．さらに，アルコールと接した PMMA 界面の広がりおよび基板界面における濃縮層の厚さはそれぞれ χ パラメータおよびアルコールのモル体積に依存することを見いだした．
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Studies of Bicyclo(3.2.1)octane and Bicyclo(2.2.2)octane Diols. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Domains in bacterial membranes and the action of antimicrobial agents (2009)

A major advance in the concept of the fluid mosaic model of biological membranes in recent years has been the appreciation of the domain structure of membranes. This concept is now well developed with mammalian plasma membranes but is an emerging focus with regard to bacterial membranes. In addition to bacterial domains that form spontaneously, it is possible to induce the separation of anionic and zwitterionic lipids with certain cationic antimicrobial agents. As a consequence, the bacterial species for which these agents will be toxic can be predicted on the basis of the lipid composition of the bacterial membrane.
Utility of chest radiographs after guidewire exchanges of central venous catheters (1998)

Chest radiographs are unwarranted after uncomplicated guidewire exchanges of central venous catheters in hemodynamically stable, monitored patients. Eliminating these radiographs will result in significant cost and time savings without adversely affecting patient outcome.
Membrane assembly in vitro : Synthesis, glycosylatio, and asymmetric insertion of a transmembrane protein (1977)

Membrane assembly was observed to proceed in cell-free extracts. Specifically, the membrane glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus was synthesized in crude extracts of wheat germ in the presence of membrane vesicles derived from pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum. The resulting glycoprotein spans the lipid bilayer asymmetrically, is glycosylated, and is indistinguishable in these respects from the form of the glycoprotein found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of virus-infected cells. Both glycosylation and asymmetric transmembrane insertion of the glycoprotein into membranes in vitro require protein synthesis in the presence of membranes. The carboxyl-terminal 5% of the polypeptide chain is located on the external surface of vesicles, corresponding to the cytoplasmic surface of the endoplasmic reticulum in cells. Most, or all, of the amino-terminal portion of the glycoprotein, as well as the protein-bound carbohydrate, appears to be located within the lumen of the membrane vesicles. These findings demonstrate that insertion of this membrane protein occurs during or immediately after protein synthesis. The results are consistent with the concepts that the growing membrane protein is extruded across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane amino terminus first and that glycosylation is restricted to the lumenal surface of the membrane. The cell-free system reported here should prove valuable for studying these processes.
Structure-function analysis of purified proanthocyanidins reveals a role for polymer size in suppressing inflammatory responses (2021)

Proanthocyanidins (PAC) are dietary compounds that have been extensively studied for beneficial health effects due to their anti-inflammatory properties. However, the structure-function relationships of PAC and their mode-of-action remain obscure. Here, we isolated a wide range of diverse PAC polymer mixtures of high purity from plant material. Polymer size was a key factor in determining the ability of PAC to regulate inflammatory cytokine responses in murine macrophages. PAC polymers with a medium (9.1) mean degree of polymerization (mDP) induced substantial transcriptomic changes, whereas PAC with either low (2.6) or high (12.3) mDP were significantly less active. Short-term oral treatment of mice with PAC modulated gene pathways connected to nutrient metabolism and inflammation in ileal tissue in a polymerization-dependent manner. Mechanistically, the bioactive PAC polymers modulated autophagic flux and inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced autophagy in macrophages. Collectively, our results highlight the importance of defined structural features in the health-promoting effects of PAC-rich foods.
AI for K-12 (2019)

As CS expands into more K-12 classrooms and children become familiar with computational thinking, advances in AI pose new challenges for CS educators. Children now enjoy conversing with AI-powered agents such as Alexa and Siri, while their parents worry about the imminent arrival of autonomous robots and self-driving cars. As AI technologies become more prominent in our lives, we need to consider what every child should know about AI. This BOF provides a timely opportunity to introduce CS educators and researchers to several AI for K-12 efforts, including available curricula, tools, and resources. Attendees will discuss how AI can best be incorporated into the K-12 CS curriculum, the tools/resources that will be needed to support students and teachers learning about AI, and how AI education might impact their own work. This BOF is complementary to the SIGCSE 2019 Special Session: AI for K-12 Guidelines Initiative that introduces the current draft of our 'Big Ideas in AI." Further information about the initiative and resources is available at http://ai4k12.org.
Collar Versus Collarless Cemented HD-II Femoral Prostheses (2002)

A randomized prospective study was done in 1982 to evaluate the effect of a collar on the cemented femoral component. During a 2-year period, 84 patients were enrolled to receive a collared (44 hips) or a collarless (40 hips) HD-II femoral component at the time of their primary total hip arthroplasty. Three patients were lost to followup, two patients were excluded because of randomization errors, six patients had good clinical results but refused followup, and 30 patients had died. The 43 surviving patients (collar 24, collarless 19) had radiographic and clinical followups at an average of 9.6 years (range, 61-143 months). Harris hip scores were similar, with an average of 89 in the collared group and 78 in the collarless group. There were no differences in the incidence or magnitude of pain between the patients receiving a collared or collarless femoral component. The Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis predicted an overall survival rate free of revision of 86% at 10 years. There were no statistically significant differences in survival rates between the two groups.
Atlas of PET-CT: A Quick Guide to Image Interpretation (2009)

S. Fanti, M. Farsad, and L. Mansi, eds. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2009, 288 pages, $79.95 This user-friendly, case-based book helps the reader to recognize normal, paraphysiologic, and pathologic uptake of 18F-FDG, methionine, and choline. About 500 PET/CT illustrations from 205 cases are
Studies on the Phosphorylation of the 58000 Dalton Early Region 1B Protein of Human Adenovirus Type 5 (1983)

The 58000 dalton (58K) protein coded for by early region 1B of human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) was found to be phosphorylated. At least three major tryptic phosphopeptides were identified and the average number of phosphates per 58K molecule was estimated to be between two and three. Thus, it was possible that each phosphopeptide contained just one phosphate group. The ratio of phosphoserine to phosphothreonine was about 2 to 1 on average and essentially no phosphotyrosine was detected. No evidence was found to suggest that cAMP-dependent protein kinase was involved in the phosphorylation of 58K. Previous studies have shown that 58K was phosphorylated when immunoprecipitates containing Ad5 early region 1 proteins were incubated in vitro with [gamma-32P]ATP. Analysis of the phosphopeptides of 58K labelled under these conditions indicated a large number of phosphorylation sites which differed from those found in vivo. Thus, the action of kinases in the in vitro phosphorylation of 58K in immunoprecipitates did not mimic the enzymic activity responsible for 58K phosphorylation in vivo.
Disputed Ancestry: Comments on a Model for the Origin of Incompatibility in Flowering Plants [with Reply] (1995)

Steve M. Read, Adrienne E. Clarke, Bruce A. McClure, Teh-hui Kao, Peter R. Bell, Disputed Ancestry: Comments on a Model for the Origin of Incompatibility in Flowering Plants [with Reply], The Plant Cell, Vol. 7, No. 6 (Jun., 1995), pp. 661-665