gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Apolipoprotein genetic variation in the assessment of atherosclerosis susceptibility (1987)

Apolipoproteins are the protein constituents of lipoproteins, the particles that transport cholesterol and triglycerides in the plasma. Numerous epidemiologic studies have associated variations in plasma levels of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins with the development of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, genetic variations in lipoproteins and apolipoproteins have been associated with disorders of lipid metabolism. Recent advances in biochemical and molecular genetic methods have resulted in an increased understanding of interindividual variations in lipoprotein metabolism and of their relationship to atherosclerosis and the dyslipoproteinemias. In particular, certain DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein genes have, in the last few years, been associated with atherosclerotic diseases and dyslipoproteinemias. We believe that genetic markers, when used in conjunction with traditional clinical and biochemical determinations, may one day be useful in predicting atherosclerosis susceptibility in the general population.
Switching from Chemical to Electrical Micromotor Propulsion across a Gradient of Gastric Fluid via Magnetic Rolling (2022)

To address and extend the finite lifetime of Mg-based micromotors due to the depletion of the engine (Mg-core), we examine electric fields, along with previously studied magnetic fields, to create a triple-engine hybrid micromotor for driving these micromotors. Electric fields are a facile energy source that is not limited in its operation time and can dynamically tune the micromotor mobility by simply changing the frequency and amplitude of the field. Moreover, the same electrical fields can be used for cell trapping and transport as well as drug delivery. However, the limitations of these propulsion mechanisms are the low pH (and high conductivity) environment required for Mg dissolution, while the electrical propulsion is quenched at these conditions as it requires low conductivity mediums. In order to translate the micromotor between these two extreme medium conditions, we use magnetic rolling as means of self-propulsion along with magnetic steering. Interestingly, electrical propulsion also necessitates at least the partial consumption of the Mg, resulting in a sufficient geometrical asymmetry of the micromotor. We have successfully demonstrated the rapid propulsion switching capability of the micromotor, from chemical to electrical motions, via magnetic rolling within a microfluidic device with the concentration gradient of the simulated gastric fluid. Such triple-engine micromotor propulsion holds considerable promise for in vitro studies mimicking gastric conditions and performing various bioassay tasks.
KYLE DURUM WHEAT (1987)

Kyle durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) combines high yield with good quality and a high level of disease resistance. It is adapted to the Brown and Dark Brown soil zones of Alberta and Saskatchewan. It was licenced 28 June 1984. Breeder seed of Kyle will be maintained by the Agriculture Canada Experimental Farm, Indian Head, Saskatchewan.Key words: Durum wheat, cultivar description
Quasi‐Memoryless Behavioral Models (2015)

This chapter is concerned with discussing quasi-memoryless behavioral models. Various classes of models used for describing the behavior of such systems are presented, ranging from look-up table (LUT) models to polynomial models utilizing advanced basis functions with special properties.
Percussion Hero: A Chest Physical Therapy Game for People with Cystic Fibrosis and their Caregivers (2021)

Chest physical therapy—including chest percussion, vibration, and postural drainage—is an important part of cystic fibrosis (CF) treatment. Chest percussion and vibration are exercises that require coordinated effort between patient and caregiver, during which the caregiver performs manual, rhythmic blows to the patient's chest and back. When practiced regularly alongside postural drainage techniques, percussion therapy mobilizes and removes fluid buildup in the lungs, reducing inflammation and risks of infection that could lead to hospitalization. Despite the importance of chest physical therapy for those with CF, adherence is often low. Low adherence to at-home therapies is common to the treatment of many diseases, yet one distinct challenge of chest physical therapy is the caregiver intervention—a role often assumed by a family member or loved one. The caregiver role is challenging for chest therapy because it is active, focused, and strenuous. While research has proposed many solutions for increasing patient engagement during similar airway clearance exercises, the critical role of the caregiver has often been overlooked. In this paper, we present Percussion Hero, a cooperative, rhythm-based game designed to improve chest physical therapy adherence by actively targeting both patients and caregivers during therapeutic exercises.
Detection of <i>BCR-ABL</i> Mutations and Resistance to Imatinib Mesylate (2006)

The major mechanism of imatinib resistance for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is clonal expansion of leukemic cells with mutations in the Bcr-Abl fusion tyrosine kinase that reduce the capacity of imatinib to inhibit kinase activity. The early detection of such mutations may allow timely treatment intervention to prevent or overcome resistance. Direct sequencing of the BCR-ABL kinase domain is relatively rapid and allows detection of emerging mutations at a sensitivity of approx 20%. Mutations have been detected over a range of 242 amino acids, which spans the entire kinase domain. For optimal sensitivity, the kinase domain of the abnormal gene should be isolated by reverse-transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using primers that hybridize to the BCR and ABL genes. The quality of the RNA is assessed by real-time quantitative PCR prior to analysis, and BCR-ABL levels are determined. Only RNA of adequate quality is used to ensure accurate and reproducible mutation analysis. Depending on the level of BCR-ABL transcripts, a one- or two-step PCR is required to amplify the kinase domain. Direct sequencing with dye terminator chemistry is performed using PCR-purified products. The sequence is compared to an ABL kinase domain reference sequence using sequencing analysis software, which aligns the sequences and highlights single or multiple mutations.
ChemInform Abstract: TRIS‐(PENTAFLUORAETHOXY)‐BENZOLE UND IHRE DERIVATE (1974)

Abstract Durch Überführung von Oxyhydrochinon (I) in das Tris‐trifluoracetat (II) und dessen Reaktion mit SF 4 und HF bei lO0‐l 75°C läßt sich das Tris‐perfluoräthoxy‐benzol (III) darstellen.
Monoclonal Antibodies: from Development to Clinical Application (2016)

The development of monoclonal antibodies (MABs) resulted in revolutionary achievements in diagnosing and treating of oncohematological disorders. The review dwells on the history of the development and improved technologies for production of monoclonal antibodies illustrated by anti-CD20-MABs which recognize different epitopes of the CD20 antigens and have a higher antitumor activity. Engineering techniques can contribute to understanding the effector mechanisms of the application of the novel anti-CD20-MABs and are intended for further improvement of the treatment results.
Differential effect of aphidicolin on adenovirus DNA synthesis and cellular DNA synthesis (1980)

There is strong evidence for a participation of DNA polymerase gamma in the replication of adenovirus (Ad) DNA. To study a possible additional role of DNA polymerase alpha we measured the effect of aphidicolin on viral DNA replication. In intact cells, aphidicolin inhibits Ad DNA synthesis weakly. The drug concentration required for 50% inhibition of Ad DNA replication was 300-400 fold higher than for a similar effect on cellular DNA synthesis. Such a differential inhibition was also observed in AGMK cells doubly infected with SV40 and the simian adenovirus SA7. No evidence was found for modification of aphidicolin in infected cells or for a change in aphidicolin sensitivity of DNA polymerase alpha after infection. The extent of inhibition of purified DNA polymerase alpha was dependent upon the dCTP concentration. The same situation was observed when DNA synthesis was studied in isolated nuclei from uninfected cells. However, in nuclei from Ad infected cells no effect of dCTP on aphidicolin sensitivity was found. These results were taken as evidence that DNA polymerase alpha does not participate in the replication of adenovirus DNA.
Polarization-engineered removal of buffer leakage for GaN transistors (2010)

A dopant-free epitaxial technique is developed to achieve highly insulating buffers on semi-insulating GaN templates for nitride high electron mobility transistors by using the large polarization fields. The buffer leakage current density is reduced by several orders of magnitude, exhibiting outstanding insulating and breakdown properties. The simple polarization- and heterostructure-based solution should prove highly attractive for GaN high electron mobility transistors for analog (rf), digital, and high-voltage switching applications.
Probabilistic target definition and planning in patients with prostate cancer (2021)

<i>Intro.</i>Current radiation therapy (RT) planning guidelines handle uncertainties in RT using geometric margins. This approach is simple to use but oversimplifies complex underlying processes and is cumbersome for non-homogeneous dose prescriptions. In this work, we characterize the performance of a novel probabilistic target definition and planning (PTP) approach, which uses voxel-level tumor likelihood information in treatment plan optimization.<i>Methods.</i>We expanded a treatment planning system with probabilistic therapy planning functionality that utilizes non-binary target maps (TM) as voxel-level input to dose plan optimization. Different dose plans were calculated and compared for twelve prostate cancer patients with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging derived TMs. Dose plans were created using both classical and PTP approaches for uniform and integrated dose boost prescriptions. Dose performance between the different approaches was compared using dose benchmarks on target and organ-at-risk (OAR) volumes.<i>Results.</i>Over all dose metrics, PTP was shown to be comparable to classical planning. For plans of uniform dose prescription, the PTP approach created plans within 1 Gy of the classical planning approach across all dose metrics, with no significant differences (<i>p</i> > 0.2). For plans with the integrated dose boost, PTP plans exhibited higher dose heterogeneity, but still showed target doses comparable to the classical approach, without increasing doses to OAR.<i>Conclusion.</i>In this work we introduce direct incorporation of probabilistic target definition into treatment planning. This treatment planning approach can produce both uniform dose plans and plans with integrated dose boosts that are comparable to ones created using classical dose planning. PTP is a flexible way to optimize external beam radiotherapy, as it is not limited by the use of margins. PTP can produce dose plans equivalent to classical planning, while also allows for greater versatility in dose prescription and direct incorporation of patient target definition uncertainty into treatment planning.
Identification, functional analysis and expression in a heterotopic heart transplant model of CXCL9 in the rat (2004)

CXCR3 chemokines are of particular interest because of their potential involvement in a variety of inflammatory diseases, including the rejection of organ transplants. Although the rat is one of the most appropriate animals for using to study transplantation biology, the structural and functional characteristics of CXCL9 [monokine induced by interferon-gamma (Mig)] in this experimental model have not been described. Therefore, we recently conducted a series of experiments to identify and characterize the rat CXCL9 gene. Accordingly, we isolated rat CXCL9 cDNA and genomic DNA. The rat CXCL9 gene encodes a protein of 125 amino acids and spans a 3.5 kbp DNA segment containing four exons in the protein-coding region. We then analysed mRNA expression in various tissues. Transcripts for the gene were found to be expressed at high levels in the lymph nodes and spleen. Then, to confirm the function of the identified gene, rat CXCL9 was transiently expressed in COS-1 cells. Rat recombinant Mig displayed chemotactic properties and induced CXCR3 internalization in CD4+ T cells. Lastly, we analysed the expression of rat CXCL9 in a heterotopic heart allograft model. Both mRNA and protein levels of intragraft CXCL9 were significantly increased following transplantation of ACI to LEW hearts when compared with syngeneic controls. These findings indicate that rat CXCL9 has an in vivo role in the infiltration of CD4+ T cells in the transplanted graft.
Some Ethers of Pentaerythritol and Their Nitrate Esters1 (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Ethers of Pentaerythritol and Their Nitrate Esters1Robert Evans and J. A. GallaghanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 5, 1248–1249Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01101a510https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01101a510research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sema4A induces cell morphological changes through B-type plexin-mediated signaling (2009)

Semaphorins are a family of secreted and membrane-bound proteins known as axonal pathfinders. Sema4A, a member of class 4 semaphorins, induces growth cone collapse of hippocampal neurons. The binding of Sema4A to growth cones indicates the presence of receptors transmitting signals through the intracellular effectors to induce growth cone collapse in hippocampal neurons. Transfection experiments of the candidate receptor genes into COS-7 cells demonstrated that Sema4A binds to axonal guidance receptors Plexin-B1, -B2 and -B3. To identify the functional Sema4A receptor and the signal transduction machinery, COS-7 cell contraction assay was performed, in which intracellular signal transmission induced by Sema4A triggered cell contraction. Expression vectors encoding plexins and Rnd1, a Rho family GTPase, were transfected into COS-7 cells, and a proportion of contracted cells among the transfectants was determined after incubation with Sema4A. The results demonstrated that the combination of Rnd1 and Plexin-B1, -B2 or -B3 induced significant cell contraction, indicating that B-type plexins transmit an intracellular signal of Sema4A through Rnd1. To further study the mechanism of B-type plexin-mediated signaling in Sema4A-induced growth cone collapse, mouse hippocampal neurons transfected with a control or expression plasmid encoding a constitutively active mutant of R-Ras (R-RasQL) were stimulated with Sema4A, followed by the assessment of growth cone collapse. Expression of R-RasQL significantly blocked Sema4A-induced growth cone collapse in the hippocampal neurons compared with the control plasmid. Sema4A thus induces growth cone collapse through the down-regulation of R-Ras activity in mouse hippocampal neurons.
LONG TERM SURVIVAL AND FUNCTION OF ADULT PORCINE ISLETS CO-TRANSPLANTED WITH ADULT PORCINE SERTOLI CELLS INTO RATS WITHOUT IMMUNOSUPPRESSION. (2008)

White, D J.G.; Hasilo, C; Vilk, G; Mazzuca, D M.; Pepper, A; Gall, C; MacGillivary, A; Melling, J Author Information
LayoutNet: Reconstructing the 3D Room Layout from a Single RGB Image (2018)

We propose an algorithm to predict room layout from a single image that generalizes across panoramas and perspective images, cuboid layouts and more general layouts (e.g. L-shape room). Our method operates directly on the panoramic image, rather than decomposing into perspective images as do recent works. Our network architecture is similar to that of RoomNet, but we show improvements due to aligning the image based on vanishing points, predicting multiple layout elements (corners, boundaries, size and translation), and fitting a constrained Manhattan layout to the resulting predictions. Our method compares well in speed and accuracy to other existing work on panoramas, achieves among the best accuracy for perspective images, and can handle both cuboid-shaped and more general Manhattan layouts.
Improvement of Photoresist Film Coverage on High Topology Surface with Spray Coating Technique (2010)

This paper compares a current single-spin coating method to deposit a thick photoresist film on 14 μm of high topology micro-structure to a multi-spin coating and a direct spray coating method. By using a single-spin coating method, the Clariantz AZ-P4620 photoresist film uniformity was not so good and the remaining photoresist was not enough to block the plasma during a dry plasma etching process. When using a multi-spin coating, the multi-layers of medium viscous, Sumitomo PFI-34A, photoresist film were applied over Clariantz AZ-P4620 photoresist initial layer. The photoresist film thickness has enough to block the plasma but the photoresist film peeled off during the development step due to an undercutting trouble. Then, low viscous Clariantz AZ-P4999 photoresist film was coated with spray coating method. The photoresist film was thicker than a multi-spin coating method and the photoresist step coverage over the topology surface was better than the other methods. Moreover, the developed photoresist pattern has a final photoresist film thickness around 4.0 μm on the topology surface, which is suitable for a dry etching process. It can be concluded that, the spray coating is a more suitable photoresist film coating technique on high topology surface than spin coating techniques.
Location‐Based Services (2005)

Preface. List of Abbreviations. 1 Introduction. 1.1 What are Location-based Services? 1.2 Application Scenarios. 1.3 LBS Actors. 1.4 Standardization. 1.5 Structure of this Book. Part I: Fundamentals. 2 What is Location? 2.1 Location Categories. 2.2 Spatial Location. 2.3 Conclusion. 3 Spatial Databases and GIS. 3.1 What are Spatial Databases and GIS? 3.2 Geographic versus Spatial Data Models. 3.3 Representing Spatial Objects. 3.4 Features and Themes. 3.5 Algorithms of Computational Geometry. 3.6 Geography Markup Language. 3.7 Conclusion. 4 Basics of Wireless Communications. 4.1 Signals. 4.2 Propagation of Radio Signals. 4.3 Multiplexing and Multiple Access. 4.4 Conclusion. 5 Cellular Networks and Location Management. 5.1 Overview of Cellular Systems. 5.2 Principles of Cellular Networks. 5.3 Mobility Management. 5.4 Common Concepts of Location Management. 5.5 Location Management in CS Networks. 5.6 Location Management in PS Networks. 5.7 Conclusion. Part II: Positioning. 6 Fundamentals of Positioning. 6.1 Classification of Positioning Infrastructures. 6.2 Basic Positioning Methods. 6.3 Range Measurements. 6.4 Accuracy and Precision. 6.5 Error Sources. 6.6 Conclusion. 7 Satellite Positioning. 7.1 Historical Background. 7.2 Orbital Motion of Satellite Systems. 7.3 Global Positioning System. 7.4 Differential GPS. 7.5 Galileo. 7.6 Conclusion. 8 Cellular Positioning. 8.1 Positioning in GSM Networks. 8.2 Positioning in UMTS Networks. 8.3 Assisted GPS in GSM and UMTS. 8.4 Positioning in other Cellular Systems. 8.5 Conclusion. 9 Indoor Positioning. 9.1 WLAN Positioning. 9.2 RFID Positioning. 9.3 Indoor Positioning with GPS. 9.4 Non Radiolocation Systems. 9.5 Conclusion. Part III: LBS Operation. 10 Interorganizational LBS Operation. 10.1 LBS Supply Chain. 10.2 Scenarios of the LBS Supply Chain. 10.3 Supplier/Consumer Patterns for Location Dissemination. 10.4 Privacy Protection. 10.5 Conclusion. 11 Architectures and Protocols for Location Services. 11.1 GSMand UMTS Location Services. 11.2 Enhanced Emergency Services. 11.3 Mobile Location Protocol. 11.4 WAP Location Framework. 11.5 Parlay/OSA. 11.6 Geopriv. 11.7 Conclusion. 12 LBS Middleware. 12.1 Conceptual View of an LBS Middleware. 12.2 Location API for J2ME. 12.3 OpenGIS Location Services. 12.4 Conclusion. 13 LBS - The Next Generation. Bibliography. Index.
Ferroelastic transition and the relaxor state in SrTiO3-PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 (2008)

Dielectric and acoustic properties of the (1 − x)SrTiO3−xPbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 solid solutions (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1) have been studied at temperatures ranging from 4.2 to 350 K. It has been found that the improper ferroelastic transition exists up to a concentration x = 0.4 and that the phase transition temperature grows with x increasing from 0 to 0.4. As the concentration of the second component is further increased, the transition becomes suppressed by the relaxor phase forming at x c ≈ 0.22. The results obtained are discussed in terms of the current concepts of relaxor ferroelectrics.
Synthesis and growth mechanism of SiC nanofibres on carbon fabrics (2017)

The SiC nanofibres with a length of few millimetres were synthesized successfully on carbon fabrics using a catalyst-free method. The Si and SiO2 powder mixtures functioned as a source for the generation of gaseous species. Following the chemical vapour reaction route, abundant SiC nanofibres with near stoichiometric composition and high crystallinity were grown on the surfaces of carbon fibres. The phase, morphology and crystal structure were characterized to reveal the nucleation and growth mechanism. SiC nanofibres presented a pagoda structure, which is a consecutive stacking of hexagonal segments with a high density of stacking faults. Combining the fabrication process with an analysis of the morphology and crystal structure, both the vapour–solid mechanism and the screw dislocation-driven mechanism are responsible for the nucleation and the growth of SiC nanofibres in the current study. The significant advantage of the present process is that it can be conveniently implemented and provides an approach to allow the fabrication of SiC nanostructures on a variety of carbonaceous substrates without the assistance of a catalyst, leading to less expensive, long length and high purity production of nanostructures.
Application of swept-source optical coherent tomography to caries diagnosis (2014)

Swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT) is a new imaging technology using optical light with the wavelengths around 1300nm. The SS-OCT provides us the 3 dimensional image with much higher resolution than dental X-ray. The extent of caries lesion is very clearly observed in the obtained image. The purposes of this article is to introduce the recent research on the SS-OCT imaging of tooth and to discuss the possibility of clinical application of the SS-OCT for diagnosing occlusal caries, inter-proximal caries, recurrent caries, root caries, cracks, and monitoring the early caries lesion.