gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic and Environmental Aspects of Fruiting in Schizophyllum commune Fr. (1958)

SUMMARYAn extensive study of fruiting in a large, world-wide sample of Schisophyllum has revealed genetic background as the most critical factor in determining the occurrence and time of fruiting and the form of the fruiting bodies.In a sample of 116 homokaryotic mycelia cross-mated in all combinations, fruiting occurred in 80% of the resulting 6546 dikaryons. The occurrence and time of fruiting, however, were not random: good fruiting and poor fruiting were conspicuously correlated with specific component strains. Detailed analysis of a smaller sample of 80 strains permitted a quantitative determination of fruiting competence and the classification of individual strains in respect to the character.Fruiting competence is inherited as a quantitative character; in dikaryotic mycelia, poor fruiting potential is masked by high fruiting competence.Five fruiting abnormalities, each genetically determined, have been analyzed and may be characterized as follows: a. Cauliflower, a severely malformed, gill-less fruiting body; a quantitatively inherited character that is completely suppressed in matings with wild-type strains.b. Medusoid, a profuse, irregular outgrowth of cylindrical projections (presumptive stipes?) that may open at their ends to produce small, normal fruits; a quantitatively inherited character that is only partially masked in matings with wild-type strains.c. Bug's ear, a reduction of the fruiting body to a small (<1 mm), ear-shaped fold, bearing hymenium on its lower, concave surface; a single-locus, dominant character.d. Coralloid, a compact, convoluted, darkened fruiting body, sometimes expressed as a simple, microscopic, cup-shaped structure lined with hymenium (micro-coralloid); a single-locus, dominant character, always associated with a mycelial aberration and the production of indigo; either a pleotropic locus or three extremely closely linked loci; location known as to linkage group.e. Haploid (homokaryotic) fruiting, variously expressed in different strains from only slightly stunted, gilled fruits to amorphous knots of compressed hyphae; sporulation sparse, spores mostly non-viable; a quantitatively inherited character distinct from dikaryotic fruiting competence.The effects of light, nutrient, and other environmental factors have been again confirmed, but no restoration to normal fruiting in genetically inadequate stocks has been achieved through alterations of external factors.
Regenerated grating produced in a multimaterial glass-based photosensitive fiber with an ultrahigh thermal regeneration ratio (2019)

This work demonstrates thermal regeneration of gratings inscribed in a new type of multi-material glass-based photosensitive fiber. And isothermal annealing procedure has been carried out on a type-I seed grating (SG) imprinted in erbium-doped zirconia-yttria-alumina-germanium (Er-ZYAG) silica glass-based fiber, which is initiated from room temperature of 25°C up to 900°C. The findings show that the created regenerated grating (RG) has an ultrahigh thermal regeneration ratio with a value of 0.72.
High-throughput, deterministic single cell trapping and long-term clonal cell culture in microfluidic devices (2014)

We report the design and validation of a two-layered microfluidic device platform for single cell capture, culture and clonal expansion. Under manual injection of a cell suspension, deterministic trapping of hundreds to thousands of single cells (adherent and non-adherent) in a high throughput manner and at high trapping efficiency was achieved simply through the incorporation of a U-shaped hydrodynamic trap into the downstream wall of each micro-well. Post single cell trapping, we confirmed that these modified micro-wells permit the attachment, spreading and proliferation of the trapped single cells for multiple generations over extended periods of time (>7 days) under media perfusion. Due to its a) low cost, b) simplicity in fabrication and operation, c) high trapping efficiency, d) reliable and repeatable trapping mechanism, e) cell size selection and f) capability to provide perfused long-term culture and continuous time-lapse imaging, the microfluidic device developed and validated in this study is seen to have significant potential application in high-throughput single cell quality assessment and clonal analysis.
Measurement of the linewidth of a continuous wave laser with cavity-length modulation technique (2003)

We have found that the decay rate of the magnitude of fringe (MF) transmitted through a Fabry-Perot cavity as a function of the scan speed of a cavity mirror depends on both the laser linewidth and the mirror reflectivity. Hence, if either the laser linewidth or the mirror reflectivity is unknown, we can determine it by fitting the magnitude of the fringe measured as a function of scan speed of a cavity mirror to the calculated MF.
A compact on-chip ECC for low cost flash memories (1997)

A compact on-chip error correcting circuit (ECC) for low cost flash memories has been developed. The total increase in chip area is 2%, including all cells, sense amplifiers, logic, and wiring associated with the ECC. The proposed on-chip ECC, employing 10 check bits for 512 data bits, has been implemented on an experimental 64M-bit NAND flash memory. The cumulative sector error rate has been improved from 10/sup -4/ to 10/sup -10/. By transferring read data from the sense amplifiers to the ECC twice, 522-Byte temporary buffers, which are required for the conventional ECC and occupy a large part of the ECC area, have been eliminated. As a result, the area for the circuit has been drastically reduced by a factor of 25. The proposed on-chip ECC has been optimized in consideration of balance between the reliability improvement and the cell area overhead. The power increase has been suppressed to less than 1 mA.
LiNbO3 acousto-optical and electro-optical micromodulators (2008)

International audience
PREPARATION OF INDUSTRIAL OIL DECOLORANT FROM RICE HULL ASH OF POWER GENERATION RESIDUES (2010)

We prepared an oil decolorant from rice hull ash by treating with NaOH solution,and then activating with acid.We discussed the influences of NaOH concentration,acid concentration,activation time and activation temperature on the decolorizing capability of the decolorant,and studied the decolorant performance.The results showed that the optimal conditions were as follows: NaOH concentration 2 mol/L,5% sulfuric acid as the activating agent,activation temperature 90 ℃,activation time 5 hours,and drying temperature 150 ℃.
Sustainability indicators for information and communication technology solutions and services (2016)

We previously proposed sustainability indicators to evaluate information and communication technology solutions and services. These sustainability indicators are based on the following concepts: (1) the triple bottom line forms the basis of the evaluation criteria, (2) the same unit is used for every evaluation criterion, and (3) the sustainability indicators can be used to measure a diverse range of ICT solutions and services with different goals. The sustainability indicators are divided into four layers for simplicity, and the triple bottom line and “satisfaction” constitute the first layer. Since the notion of “society” is broad, this layer is further split into “safety”, “health”, and “comfort” then positioned in the second layer. The third layer includes indicators such as “information security” and “ubiquity” from the ICT perspective. In this paper, we propose a new layer consisting of improved sustainability indicators of “decreased social loss”, “decreased business cost”, “decreased user's cost”, “increased business chance”, and “decreased user's cost”. These indicators make it possible to distinguish positive/negative impact as well as target stakeholders of the provided additional value of the ICT solutions and services. We estimated the improved indicators using example ICT services.
Contactless angle measurement using four Hall devices on single chip (2002)

A novel method for contactless angle detection is presented. It is based on four Hall devices on a single industrial CMOS chip in combination with a permanent magnet. The system setup and the Hall devices implemented are described. Measurements show an angular accuracy of /spl plusmn/0.3/spl deg/ over the range of 360/spl deg/. We also measured the magnetic field distribution in the chip plane. Based on this, the robustness of the angular accuracy against mechanical tolerances is investigated. Lateral misalignment below 100 /spl mu/m of the chip or the magnet to the axis of rotation causes an angle error below /spl plusmn/1/spl deg/. A tilt of 1.5/spl deg/ between magnet and chip results in /spl plusmn/0.5/spl deg/. A worst case combination of the three effects still results in an accuracy better than /spl plusmn/3.6.
Graphical Human Insulin Time–Activity Profiles Using Standardized Definitions (2001)

The purpose of this study was to (1) develop consistent definitions to report time-activity profiles of insulin formulations, (2) determine human insulin time-activity profiles based on all available pharmacokinetic studies of biosynthetic human insulin rDNA(E. coli) (Humulin), and (3) create graphs that accurately and usefully represent human insulin time-activity profiles (TAPs). Standard definitions of onset, peak, duration, and time of 50% maximal activity were developed for human insulin. Results from all pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies available on human insulin from searches of both published literature and unpublished work were analyzed by these standard methods. Data obtained using these definitions were used to construct diagrams of the time-activity relationships for each formulation. Sixty-three insulin tests utilizing a variety of methodologies and data analysis techniques were located. Time-activity curves generated by application of standardized definitions varied depending on methodology, and on whether glucose, insulin and/or glucose infusion rates were used as the measure of insulin activity. A method of standard analysis is required for evaluating insulin pharmacokinetic studies due to the wide variation in design of these studies. Graphic representation of ranges obtained by standard analysis of onset, peak, duration, and 50% maximal activity increase the information transmitted when compared to currently used tables of time-activity data. The time of 50% maximal activity during increasing and decreasing phases may be a better marker of clinically significant activity than the classically defined parameters of onset and duration.
Detonation characteristics of hydrogen‐oxygen mixtures at high initial pressures (1960)

Abstract Detonation velocities of hydrogen‐oxygen mixtures were measured for initial pressures from 14.4 to 1,000 lb./sq. in. abs. and compositions from 40 to 80 mole % molecular hydrogen. Detonation and impact characteristics were computed for essentially the same range of conditions by the use of the elementary theory of detonation. Equilibrium compositions of hydrogen‐oxygen mixtures at pressures from 10 to 2,000 atm. and temperatures from 3,000 to 5,000°K. were included in the computations and have been filed with the American Documentation Institute. The effect of nonideal thermodynamic properties on the computed detonation velocities was considered.
Mobile IPv4 Dynamic Home Agent (HA) Assignment (2006)

Mobile IPv4 (RFC 3344) uses the home agent (HA) to anchor sessions of a roaming mobile node (MN).This document proposes a messaging mechanism for dynamic home agent assignment and HA redirection.The goal is to provide a mechanism to assign an optimal HA for a Mobile IP session while allowing any suitable method for HA selection.
A case of clarithromycin psychosis (2005)

A 19 year old girl developed an immediate psychotic reaction following IV clarithromycin (Klacid). She responded to atypical antipsychotics but needed psychiatric hospitalisation. She recovered after a year and is now symptom free without any medication. This is a rare side-effect but needs to be recognised.
Dysfunctional glucocorticoid receptor with a single point mutation ablates the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein‐dependent growth suppression response in a steroid‐resistant rat hepatoma cell variant (1999)

We used glucocorticoid-resistant and -sensitive hepatoma cell variants to characterize the mechanism of hepatoma cell resistance to the growth inhibitory effects of glucocorticoids. BDS1 hepatoma cells express transcriptionally active glucocorticoid receptors and undergo a stringent G1 cell cycle arrest in response to glucocorticoids that is dependent on the induced expression of the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) transcription factor. In contrast, EDR1 hepatoma cells, which express normal levels of glucocorticoid receptors, fail to growth arrest or express C/EBPalpha when treated with glucocorticoids. Ectopic expression of wild-type rat glucocorticoid receptors into EDR1 cells restored the growth suppression response, suggesting a defect in the EDR1 receptor. DNA sequence analysis revealed a single point mutation causing a cysteine-to-tyrosine substitution at amino acid position 457 (C457Y-GR) in the zinc finger region of the glucocorticoid receptor that mediates both receptor-DNA and receptor-protein interactions. Glucocorticoid activation of the alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) promoter, a liver acute-phase response gene, requires receptor-DNA binding as well as an interaction with C/EBPalpha. In contrast to the wild-type glucocorticoid receptor, ectopic expression of C/EBPalpha in EDR1 cells, or coexpression of C/EBPalpha along with the C457Y-GR into receptor-deficient EDR3 cells was required to partially restore glucocorticoid responsiveness of the AGP promoter by the EDR1 glucocorticoid receptor. Constitutive expression of the wild-type glucocorticoid receptor, but not the C457Y-GR mutant, was sufficient to restore the glucocorticoid growth suppression response to receptor-deficient EDR3 cells. Thus, we have identified a glucocorticoid-resistant hepatoma cell variant with a single point mutation in the zinc finger region of the glucocorticoid receptor gene that ablates the glucocorticoid growth suppression response and attenuates transcriptional activation of the AGP promoter.
[HS366-major] Rootstocks for Florida Stone Fruit (2018)

Rootstocks have been used in many tree fruit systems to provide growth advantages and/or pest and disease resistance without affecting (or sometimes improving) productivity and fruit quality. In Florida, stone fruit are grown on rootstocks that specifically provide resistance to the peach root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne floridensis (Handoo, et al., 2004; Sherman, et al., 1991). Although several root-knot nematode-resistant rootstocks are available for stone fruit grown in other locations and climates, ‘Flordaguard’ peach rootstock is currently the only rootstock recommended for stone fruit production in Florida. Root-knot nematodes (M. incognita and M. javanica) have historically been the most important species of root-knot nematodes parasitizing peach in the southeastern United States peach industry.  ‘Guardian’, ‘Nemaguard’, ‘Nemared’, and ‘Okinawa’ rootstocks are resistant to these species of nematode. However, in 1966 a new species of root-knot nematode was detected on ‘Nemaguard’ and ‘Okinawa’ peach rootstocks in Gainesville, Florida, and ultimately identified as M. floridensis in 2004 (Han-doo, et al., 2004). This nematode reproduces abundantly on ‘Nemaguard’ and ‘Nemared’ peach rootstocks as well as on other crops (verbena, eggplant, squash, basil, impatiens, tomato, snapdragon, dill, and certain ornamental plants) (Table 1). Consequently, ‘Nemaguard’, ‘Nemared’, and ‘Okinawa’ peach rootstock are no longer recommended for peaches, nectarines, and plums in Florida. ‘Nemaguard’ and ‘Nemared’ rootstocks had been used in north Florida for many years, but continued use may increase nematode populations to damaging levels on these rootstocks. ‘Flordaguard’ rootstock has better resistance to M. floridensis than ‘Nemaguard’ rootstock. Field evaluation of peach rootstocks to different root-knot nematode species indicated that after 25 months, nematode egg production was greater on ‘Nemaguard’ than on ‘Flordaguard’ rootstock (Nyczepir, et al., 2006). Longer-term observations in Florida also suggest that trees on ‘Nemaguard’ rootstock do not perform well in soils infested with M. floridensis. Accordingly, ‘Flordaguard’ rootstock is the only rootstock the University of Florida currently recommends for commercial peach production. ‘Sharpe’, a clonal plum hybrid rootstock (Beckman, et al., 2008), is only recommended for backyard fruit production because of its reduced yield and smaller fruit size when compared to trees budded onto ‘Flordaguard’ rootstock.
Gate Sizing for Constrained delay/power/area optimization (1997)

Abstract—Gate sizing has a significant impact on the de-lay, power dissipation, and area of the final circuit. It con-sists of choosing for each node of a mapped circuit a gate implementation in the library so that a cost function is op-timized under some constraints. For instance, one wants to minimize the power consumption and/or the area of a cir-cuit under some user-defined delay constraints, or to obtain the fastest circuit within a given power budget. Although this technology-dependent optimization has been investi-gated for years, the proposed approaches sometimes rely on assumptions, cost models, or algorithms that make them unrealistic or impossible to apply on real-life large circuits. We discusse here a gate sizing algorithm (GS), and show how it is used to achieve constrained optimization. It can be applied on large circuits within a reasonable CPU time, e.g., minimizing the power of a 10000 nodes circuit under some delay constraint in 2 hours. Keywords—Gate sizing, discrete constrained optimization, delay/power/area tradeoff I.
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Synthesis of Physostigmine from Skatole and Activated Aziridine via Alkylative Cyclization. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Expression of platelet-activating factor receptor in the hamster oviduct: localization to the endosalpinx (1997)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a lipid mediator that has a range of biological effects on various cells and tissues. PAF-like activity has been detected in the spent media of two-cell to morula stage hamster embryos, leading to the suggestion that PAF may be the embryonic signal that hastens embryo transport to the uterus in this species. The present study was undertaken to examine whether the PAF receptor (PAFr) gene is expressed in hamster oviduct, and to identify the cell types in which the gene is expressed. DNA fragments complementary to the coding region of mRNA encoding hamster PAFr were cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), identified by sequencing and used to prepare hamster specific cRNA probes. The presence of mRNA transcripts encoding the PAFr receptor in the oviduct was investigated by subjecting oviduct mRNA to RT-PCR. Southern blot analysis of the RT-PCR products verified the identity of the presumptive PAFr cDNAs. The cloned cDNA fragment of hamster PAFr was found to be highly conserved with respect to the receptor of other species, having 94.3% sequence similarity to the rat PAFr receptor. Hybridization histochemistry demonstrated that PAFr is expressed in the subepithelial cells and occasionally in the epithelium. In conclusion, expression of PAFr in the hamster oviduct is compatible with the proposed paracrine role of early embryo-derived PAF.
Effect of the Medium Composition on the Zn2+ Lixiviation and the Antifouling Properties of a Glass with a High ZnO Content (2017)

The dissolution of an antimicrobial ZnO-glass in the form of powder and in the form of sintered pellets were studied in water, artificial seawater, biological complex media such as common bacterial/yeast growth media (Luria Bertani (LB), yeast extract, tryptone), and human serum. It has been established that the media containing amino acids and proteins produce a high lixiviation of Zn<sup>2+</sup> from the glass due to the ability of zinc and zinc oxide to react with amino acids and proteins to form complex organic compounds. The process of Zn<sup>2+</sup> lixiviation from the glass network has been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). From these results we can state that the process of lixiviation of Zn<sup>2+</sup> from the glass network is similar to the one observed in sodalime glasses, where Na⁺ is lixiviated to the media first and the fraction of Zn that acts as modifiers (~2/3) is lixiviated in second place. After the subsequent collapse of the outer surface glass layer (about 200-300 nm thick layer) the dissolution process starts again. Antifouling properties against different bacteria (<i>S. epidermidis</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, and <i>M. lutea</i>) have also been established for the glass pellets.
Real-time multi-vehicle tracking based on feature detection and color probability model (2010)

As traffic surveillance technology continues to grow worldwide, computer vision-based vehicle tracking is becoming increasing important. One of the key challenges with vehicle tracking is dealing with high density traffic, where occlusion often leads to foreground splitting and merging errors. In order to help solve this problem, global features such as color or local features like corners can be used for tracking. However, tracking based on global features or local features alone does not work well with a high amount of occlusion. In this paper, we propose a real-time multi-vehicle tracking approach, which combines both local feature tracking and a global color probability model. In cases with low occlusion, corner feature detection and tracking algorithm can be used to estimate vehicle positions and trajectories. When there is a high degree of occlusion, corner features can be tracked to provide position estimates of moving objects. Then a color probability can be calculated in the occluded area to determine which object each pixel belongs to. This approach is scalable to both stationary surveillance video and moving camera video. Experimental results from a challenging transportation video clip are presented.
Breast Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells: Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Study of a Case and Review of the Literature (1995)

We describe an unusual case of infiltrating ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified, containing numerous benign stromal osteoclast giant cells (OGCs). Macroscopically, the tumor appeared as a well-outlined dark brown mass and was initially interpreted as a benign lesion on the mammograms. OGCs were uniformly distributed in the tumor and were found in vascularized, hemorrhagic stroma often abutted on the nests of tumor cells. Electron microscopy supported a histiocytic origin of the OGCs, but immunohistochemistry failed to confirm the observation. The patient was alive and well 30 months following the operation. A review of the literature concerning breast carcinoma with OGCs is also presented.
Programmed elimination of cells by caspase-independent cell extrusion in C. elegans (2012)

Cells programmed to die during C. elegans embryogenesis can be eliminated from the embryo and undergo apoptosis in the absence of caspase activity via an extrusion mechanism that depends on activation of the AMPK-related kinase PIG-1 by an LKB1-like kinase complex.