gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interrogation of structures using system augmentation and nonlinear feedback auxiliary signals (2009)

Recently, system augmentation has been combined with nonlinear feedback auxiliary signals to provide sensitivity enhancement in both linear and nonlinear systems. Augmented systems are higher dimensional linear systems that follow trajectories of a nonlinear system one at a time. These augmented systems are subject to a specialized augmented forcing which enforces the augmented system will exactly reproduce the trajectory of the nonlinear system when projected onto the lower dimensional (physical) system. Augmented systems have additional benefits outside of handling nonlinear systems, which makes them more desirable than regular linear systems for sensitivity enhancing control. One of the key advantages of augmented systems is the complete control over the augmented degrees of freedom, and the additional sensor knowledge from the augmented variables. These sensing and actuation features are very useful when only few physical actuators and sensors can be placed. Such restrictions severely limit the usefulness of traditional linear sensitivity enhancing feedback approaches. Another benefit of the augmentation is that the control exerted on the augmented degrees of freedom does not require any physical energy, rather it is just signal processing. In this work, the benefits of system augmentation are explored by using few actuators and sensors. In addition to increased sensitivity for both global and local parameter changes, a study of increasing the sensitivity of local changes, while decreasing the sensitivity of global changes is conducted. Numerical simulations for a linear cantilevered beam with a single piezo-actuator and two sensors are used to validate the approach and discuss the effects of noise.
A BiCMOS implementation of noise canceling low noise amplifier for wideband applications (2011)

We report in this paper a BiCMOS realization of the well-known noise canceling CMOS low noise amplifier first proposed in [1]. The ingenious design proposed in [1] features wonderful merits such as ultra-low noise, wideband and very good linearity. In order to achieve the noise cancelation point, a large amount of biasing current is needed in CMOS implementation. We design BiCMOS implementation of this famous noise canceling topology, which achieves significant biasing current reduction. Simulated in Tower Jazz 0.18μm SiGe technology, the designed wideband LNA operates up to 5.2GHz with 17.5dB gain and dissipates about 10mA current from a single 1.8V supply. The simulated IIP3 is +5dBm with a noise figure of less than 2.5dB when matched to 50Ω and the chip layout area is less than 0.3mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> excluding pads.
Adaptive filtering in the presence of outliers (2012)

Adaptive filters aimed at detecting a signal of interest in the presence of noise undergo a significant degradation in terms of the output signal to interference and noise ratio when the training samples contain signal-like components. It is thus crucial to take into account this contamination when estimating the noise covariance matrix which is used to compute the adaptive filter. In this paper, we consider a covariance matrix estimation scheme which takes into account the possible presence of outliers, without censoring any training sample. A Bayesian model is formulated where the amplitude of the signal component of each training sample is assumed to follow a Bernoulli-Gaussian distribution. Additionally, the noise covariance matrix is assigned some non informative prior distribution, namely a maximum entropy distribution. The posterior distributions of these variables are derived and an efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo method is presented to obtain the minimum mean-square error estimates. The new scheme is shown to outperform robust schemes based on diagonal loading.
Porous Hollow Carbon@Sulfur Composites for High‐Power Lithium–Sulfur Batteries (2011)

Slowing down the shuttle: [email protected] nanocomposites (see TEM images) based on mesoporous, hollow carbon capsules were generated by a template-based approach. As the cathode material in a Li–S secondary battery, they display outstanding electrochemical features attributed to sequestration of elemental sulfur in the carbon capsules and to its favorable effect in limiting polysulfide shuttling as well as to enhanced electron transport from the sulfur. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Channel Selection Method For Eeg Classification In Emotion Assessment Based On Synchronization Likelihood (2007)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Poznan, Poland, 2007
Airborne Spread ofPneumocystis jirovecii (2010)

In this issue of the journal, Choukri et al There are additional data in prior studies using air samples collected in rooms of patients diagnosed as having P. jirovecii showing that not only could the organisms be detected but also their types correlated with types demonstrated in patient samples The air samples were compared with samples from areas close to the rooms studied and other control areas. We believe that airborne transmission was demonstrated with the samples and methods used. Because airborne transmission for animals has been well established, the next step was to show that transmission occurred in humans as well. It is important that these addi-
WATER BODY EXTRACTION FROM RAPIDEYE IMAGES: AN AUTOMATED METHODOLOGY BASED ON HUE COMPONENT OF COLOR TRANSFORMATION FROM RGB TO HSV MODEL (2018)

Water management and flood studies are some fields in which a map with all water bodies in a region is useful, especially in scenarios of environmental changes due to anthropogenic factors. Various detection methods of water body surfaces in remotely sensed images are available, from simple methods having a lower accuracy to more sophisticated ones. The objective of this paper is to present a simple, yet accurate method to detect water bodies in RapidEye images. The motivation is the availability of country wide coverage of these images, which makes feasible the generation of a map of all water bodies detectable at that spatial resolution. Our solution is the use the color transformation from Red-Green-Blue to Hue-Saturation-Value and the minimum radiance from all RapidEye bands to classify water bodies in seven classes of water. The water classes are ranked based on the confidence of the classified pixels being water, which accommodates for the differences in illumination and scattering that are present in such a large coverage, composed by more than 15000 scenes. In addition, users of the generated water bodies map can reclassify based on their needs. The methodology was developed on two RapidEye scenes, covering the Jacareí and Foz do Iguaçu municipalities, in Brazil. Results indicate that the classification is better than the traditional ones, with the advantage of providing seven classes with confidence levels.
Abstract 1267: Essential Roles of PDK-1 in the Regulation of {beta}-Adrenergic Response and Cell Survival in the Hearts. (2007)

Background: The 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK-1) is a ubiquitously expressed kinase that plays important roles in mediating a variety of effects of growth factors on cells. In particul...
Rare Earth Elements in Returned Lunar Samples (1970)

A linear correlation between concentrations of Sm and ratios of Sm to Eu for nine lunar samples suggests that those samples could correspond to liquids from equilibrium partial melting of a common source. On the basis of partition coefficients in terrestrial systems, the fraction of melting would not have exceeded about 15 percent and the immediate source could have been composed of olivine, orthopyroxene, and opaque minerals plus at least 25 percent feldspar, with at most a few percent calcic clinopyroxene and less than 1 percent apatite. The large Eu depletions could also have been produced by fractional crystallization if the ratio of Eu(2+) to Eu(3+) in lunar magmas significantly exceeds the values for terrestrial magmas.
The Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology Standardization Project for HPV-Associated Lesions: Background and Consensus Recommendations from the College of American Pathologists and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (2012)

The terminology for human papillomavirus(HPV)–associated squamous lesions of the lower anogenital tract has a long history marked by disparate diagnostic terms derived from multiple specialties. It often does not reflect current knowledge of HPV biology and pathogenesis. A consensus process was convened to recommend terminology unified across lower anogenital sites. The goal was to create a histopathologic nomenclature system that reflects current knowledge of HPV biology, optimally uses available biomarkers, and facilitates clear communication across different medical specialties. The Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology (LAST) Project was co-sponsored by the College of American Pathologists and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology and included 5 working groups; 3 work groups performed comprehensive literature reviews and developed draft recommendations. Another work group provided the historical background and the fifth will continue to foster implementation of the LAST recommendations. After an open comment period, the draft recommendations were presented at a consensus conference attended by LAST work group members, advisors, and representatives from 35 stakeholder organizations including professional societies and government agencies. Recommendations were finalized and voted on at the consensus meeting. The final, approved recommendations standardize biologically relevant histopathologic terminology for HPV-associated squamous intraepithelial lesions and superficially invasive squamous carcinomas across all lower anogenital tract sites and detail the appropriate use of specific biomarkers to clarify histologic interpretations and enhance diagnostic accuracy. A plan for disseminating and monitoring recommendation implementation in the practicing community was also developed. The implemented recommendations will facilitate communication between pathologists and their clinical colleagues and improve accuracy of histologic diagnosis with the ultimate goal of providing optimal patient care.
Number Density Measurement of Neutral Particles in a Miniature Microwave Discharge Ion Thruster (2014)

Laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) is a useful technique for sensitive quantitative measurement of plasma parameters. We used LAS to obtain plasma profiles inside the μ1 miniature ion thruster developed by the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; this thruster is intended for installation on small spacecraft weighing up to 50 kg. It operates at low microwave power (1 W) and has been developed as a complete system, including a neutralizer. At present, the thrust efficiency of the μ1 thruster is not as high as that of standard ion thrusters and optimization is required. A detailed profile of plasma inside the discharge chamber is necessary for further improving performance. We developed an experimental LAS setup with spatial resolution of 0.1 mm for a modified μ1 thruster model. The number density distribution of neutral particles in a metastable state was measured and found to be about 1017 m-3.
Insulin-XTEN® Exhibits a Size-Dependent Alteration in Tissue Action in Rats (2018)

To optimize the action of exogenously administered insulin, we employed XTEN® technology to create insulins with variably sized XTEN amino acid polymers. Recombinant fusions of XTEN polymers linked to insulin lispro with an A21G mutation were prepared in various amino acid lengths. Insulin-XTEN molecules demonstrated 15-fold lower potency in binding and receptor phosphorylation than insulin lispro but did not differ from each other. These insulin-XTEN molecules were equally effective in lowering blood glucose at a 100nmol/kg dose in diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats. Furthermore, the larger insulin-XTEN molecules had a longer duration of glucose lowering. Insulin-XTENs were compared to insulin lispro in rat euglycemic clamp studies, using insulin doses that would elicit steady plasma insulin concentrations and equivalent increases in glucose infusion rate. Insulin-mediated suppression of endogenous glucose production was not significantly different among any of the administered insulins. However, plasma free fatty acids and soleus muscle glucose uptake were significantly decreased in an XTEN size-dependent manner when compared to insulin lispro. Additional studies demonstrated equal hepatic pAkt accumulation in rats treated with insulin lispro or any of the insulin-XTENs, but revealed a significant XTEN size-dependent reduction in skeletal muscle pAkt in rats administered insulin-XTENs compared to insulin lispro. These data suggest a possible XTEN size-dependent regulation of insulin action and that the differing sizes of the XTEN polymer may convey preferential tissue action. In conclusion, XTEN technology may permit “tuning” of the glucodynamic effects of the insulin, leading to an enhanced time extension and improved hepatic and peripheral pharmacodynamic action that could more closely mimic the action of endogenously secreted insulin into the portal circulation. Disclosure M.E. Christe: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. D. Konkol: None. J. Friedrich: None. J. Jacobs: None. E. Hawkins: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. J. Moyers: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. C. Zhang: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. S.D. Kahl: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. H.E. Baker: None. A.L. Cox: None. R.J. Hansen: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. A. Sperry: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. M. Michael: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Employee; Spouse/Partner; Eli Lilly and Company. Stock/Shareholder; Spouse/Partner; Eli Lilly and Company. V. Schellenberger: None. D. Baldwin: None. J.M. Beals: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. A. Korytko: None.
Production of Cataracts in Rabbits with the Ultraviolet Laser (1973)

Weanling rabbit eyes were exposed in vivo to the beam of an ultraviolet laser. Anterior subcapsular and cortical cataracts were consistently and rapidly produced at the power levels employed. The changes in the intervening cornea were grossly reversible, while those in the lens were not. Localized cortical cataracts produced by an ultraviolet laser have persisted for over 2 years. Maturation of the cataract has not yet been observed. The available evidence supports the belief that the damage is produced photochemically within the absorbing cells.
Arp2/3 nucleates F-actin coating of fusing insulin granules in pancreatic β cells to control insulin secretion (2020)

F-actin dynamics are known to control insulin secretion, but the point of intersection with the stimulus-secretion cascade is unknown. Here, using multiphoton imaging of β cells isolated from Lifeact-GFP transgenic mice, we show that glucose stimulation does not cause global changes in subcortical F-actin. Instead, we observe spatially discrete and transient F-actin changes around each fusing granule. This F-actin remodelling is dependent on actin nucleation and is observed for granule fusion induced by either glucose or high potassium stimulation. Using GFP-labelled proteins, we identify local enrichment of Arp3, dynamin 2 and clathrin, all occurring after granule fusion, suggesting early recruitment of an endocytic complex to the fusing granules. Block of Arp2/3 activity with drugs or shRNA inhibits F-actin coating, traps granules at the cell membrane and reduces insulin secretion. Block of formin-mediated actin nucleation also blocks F-actin coating, but has no effect on insulin secretion. We conclude that local Arp2/3-dependent actin nucleation at the sites of granule fusion plays an important role in post-fusion granule dynamics and in the regulation of insulin secretion.
Statistical mechanics model of protein folding : short and long chains have different folding transitions (1989)

A statistical mechanics model of a polypeptide chain is used to simulate the folding process. Each residue is defined by a set of independent characters within a given sequence. Simulations of this model in a mean-field (infinite-dimensional) geometry show that (i) short chains do not fold, (ii) medium chains fold according to a spin-glass-like « transition » (where most characters must be partially satisfied) and (iii) long chains fold according to a Mattis-like « transition » (where only one dominant character is almost completely satisfied). This change in folding mechanism associated to chain length may be relevant to the existence of multidomain proteins.
Innovative Work Behaviour: Concept and Measurement (2012)

Although social scientists and psychologists increasingly use the concept of Innovative Work Behaviour (IWB), the concept and its measure have not been thoroughly discussed and analysed. This article develops in detail the concept of IWB and discusses the distinct character of the concept vis-à-vis concepts like workplace creativity, intrapreneurship, personal initiative and organisational citizenship behaviour. In a second section we review the indicators of validity of the different IWB measures used and consider research results from a mixed method validity research of the IWB measure for non-knowledge workers. We conclude that the IWB concept could contain a dimensionality distinguishing between extra- and intra-role IWB or between incremental and radical IWB, as opposed to the dimensions proposed by the literature. Therefore, we propose that the current IWB items should be reworded and further analysis is needed on the topic.
The p53-activated Gene, PAG608, Requires a Zinc Finger Domain for Nuclear Localization and Oxidative Stress-induced Apoptosis (2002)

The p53-activated gene PAG608, which encodes a nuclear zinc finger protein, is a p53-inducible gene that contributes to p53-mediated apoptosis. However, the mechanisms by which PAG608 is involved in the apoptosis of neuronal cells are still obscure. In this study, we demonstrated that expression of p53 was induced by 100 microm 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), accompanied by increased PAG608 expression in PC12 cells. On the other hand, transient or permanent transfection of antisense PAG608 cDNA into PC12 cells significantly prevented apoptotic cell death induced by 100 microm 6-OHDA or 200 microm hydrogen peroxide but not by 250 microm 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion. The 6-OHDA-induced activation of caspase-3, DNA fragmentation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and induction of p53 and Bax were also prevented in PC12 cells that stably expressed antisense PAG608 cDNA. These results suggest that PAG608 is associated with the apoptotic pathway induced by these oxidative stress-generating reagents, upstream of the collapse in the mitochondrial membrane potential in PC12 cells. Interestingly, transient transfection with PAG608 cDNA increased p53 expression in both PC12 cells and B65 cells, indicating that PAG608 induced by p53 is able to induce p53 expression in these cells inversely. Furthermore, transient transfection of a truncated mutant PAG608 cDNA, lacking the first zinc finger domain, inhibited 6-OHDA-induced cell death and altered the nuclear and nucleolar localization of wild-type PAG608 in PC12 cells. These results suggest that PAG608 may induce or regulate p53 expression and translocate to the nucleus and nucleolus using its first zinc finger domain during oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of catecholamine-containing cells.
Phytotoxic Response and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max) Varieties Treated with Sulfentrazone or Flumioxazin1 (2001)

Flumioxazin and sulfentrazone were compared for phytotoxicity on 15 soybean varieties in a greenhouse study and four varieties in the field. In the greenhouse, injury from sulfentrazone was greater overall than with flumioxazin, 10% compared with 1%, respectively, when averaged across varieties at the labeled rates. The varieties P9552, P91B01, P9362, and P9305 were more sensitive to sulfentrazone than the 11 other varieties on the basis of visible injury and plant height reductions. Sulfentrazone at 224 g ai/ha (1× rate) reduced plant height 23 to 53% and caused 18 to 38% visible injury on the four sensitive varieties. Visible injury symptoms consisted of stunting, crinkling of leaves, and chlorotic spots. Varieties P9305, P9306, P9352, and P9362 were compared in a field study with flumioxazin at 105, 210, and 420 g ai/ha or sulfentrazone at 224, 448, and 896 g ai/ha, corresponding to 1, 2, and 4× labeled rates. An untreated control of each variety was included for comparison. Contrary to the results of the greenhouse studies, injury from flumioxazin was similar to that from sulfentrazone in the field experiments. In 1998, emergence counts were reduced 19 to 52% with flumioxazin and 27 to 73% with sulfentrazone at the 1× rate. Visible injury and stand count reductions resulting from both herbicides were also apparent in that year. Emergence count reductions, stand count reductions, and visible injury resulting from the herbicides were less severe in 1999. At the 1× rate of each herbicide, yields were not affect in either year, except P9305 treated with sulfentrazone in 1999. At the 4× rate, P9305 was most sensitive to sulfentrazone, as indicated by a 53 and 23% reduction yield in 1998 and 1999, respectively. Avoidance of sensitive varieties will reduce the potential for injury and yield reduction with sulfentrazone, and maybe flumioxazin.Nomenclature: Flumioxazin, 2-[7-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-oxo-4-(2-propynl)-2H-1,4 benzoxazin-6-yl[-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione; sulfentrazone, N-[2,4-dichloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]phenyl] methanesulfonamide; soybean, Glycine max (L.).Additional index words: Protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors, differential herbicide tolerance.Abbreviations: DAE, days after emergence; DAP, days after planting; DAT, days after treatment; PPO, protoporphyrinogen oxidase; PRE, preemergence.
A unified model for estimating and testing familial aggregation (2013)

Investigations of familial aggregation of disease can provide important clues for genetic mechanisms, and many such studies have been published in the epidemiological literature using various statistical methods. We developed a unified model for familial risk by extending a Cox regression model to enable estimation of the detailed effects of kinship. By appropriate parameterisation of the model, we show how the risks to all specific first-degree kinships can be estimated and formally compared using simple interaction terms and how the model can be extended to accommodate higher-degree relatives. The correlation due to observations from family members and from the potential for repeated observations is accommodated by a robust sandwich variance estimator or a bootstrap estimate. Hazard ratios for different kinships are formally compared using a robust Wald test. We illustrate the method with applications to studies of adult leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the Swedish population and display our results on a pedigree diagram. Our estimates are consistent with published work that used simpler stratified methods, and our model enabled the detection of a number of statistically significant effects of kinship. The recognition of such kindred-specific disease risk could be a first step in the design of more informative genetic biomarker studies.