gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Shape memory alloy activated high-pressure optical cell for biophysical studies (2000)

The high-pressure optical cell (HPOC) originally designed by A. A. Paladini and G. Weber [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 52, 419 (1981)] has been widely used in biophysical research. However, the original HPOC only allows for the observations of optical properties of single samples, thus limiting the data which researchers can obtain. The objective of this article is to demonstrate a new HPOC design, which enables researchers to introduce an additional component to the original sample for optical observation of biochemical reactions in real time, while all the components are under pressure. The core of this new design is the introduction of the shape memory alloy activated stopper/mixing mechanism, which separates different biological samples until the experimenter is ready to mix them. A urethane stopper separates the two samples, which are sealed in a dual chamber cuvette. The cuvette is suspended in the mid chamber, so that the pressure can be transmitted to both sides of the cuvette equally. Once an electric current is transmitted through the electrical plugs, the shape memory alloy is heated and moves the urethane stopper away from the neck of the cuvette. In addition, the shape memory alloy achieves a pumping action, which facilitates the mixing of the two samples. A multiple-chamber cuvette capable of mixing three components is also designed. Some preliminary feasibility testing has been done, and a stainless steel HPOC prototype has been built to validate the design.
Regulation of GPR54 Signaling by GRK2 and β-Arrestin (2009)

Kisspeptin and its receptor, GPR54, are major regulators of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis as well as regulators of human placentation and tumor metastases. GPR54 is a G(q/11)-coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), and activation by kisspeptin stimulates phosphatidy linositol 4, 5-biphosphate hydrolysis, Ca(2+) mobilization, arachidonic acid release, and ERK1/2 MAPK phosphorylation. Physiological evidence suggests that GPR54 undergoes agonist-dependent desensitization, but underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Furthermore, very little has been reported on the early events that regulate GPR54 signaling. The lack of information in these important areas led to this study. Here we report for the first time on the role of GPCR serine/threonine kinase (GRK)2 and beta-arrestin in regulating GPR54 signaling in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells, a model cell system for studying the molecular regulation of GPCRs, and genetically modified MDA MB-231 cells, an invasive breast cancer cell line expressing about 75% less beta-arrestin-2 than the control cell line. Our study reveals that in HEK 293 cells, GPR54 is expressed both at the plasma membrane and intracellularly and also that plasma membrane expression is regulated by cytoplasmic tail sequences. We also demonstrate that GPR54 exhibits constitutive activity, internalization, and association with GRK2 and beta- arrestins-1 and 2 through sequences in the second intracellular loop and cytoplasmic tail of the receptor. We also show that GRK2 stimulates the desensitization of GPR54 in HEK 293 cells and that beta-arrestin-2 mediates GPR54 activation of ERK1/2 in MDA-MB-231 cells. The significance of these findings in developing molecular-based therapies for treating certain endocrine-related disorders is discussed.
Watt-level monolithic quasi-optical diode frequency multiplier grid (1985)

At millimeter wavelengths, harmonic frequency multipliers are widely used to produce local oscillator power for heterodyne receivers; however, the output power level is limited to only a few milliwatts due to the fact that only a single varactor element is employed. Recently, Archer demonstrated a dual-diode. doubler with an output power of 26mW at 105 GHz<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(1)</sup>. However many applications such as imaging arrays require considerably more power. To satisfy this need we propose a monolithic quasi-optical diode grid design for high power harmonic frequency multiplication.
Guided growth with aligned neurites in adult spiral ganglion neurons cultured in vitro on silicon micro-pillar substrates (2019)

MPS with specific architecture supports the guided growth of adult SGNs in vitro and controls adult SGN development and behavior.
As they real-ly like it! The Certificate III in Business (New Enterprise Formation) (1999)

This article discusses the Certificate III in Business (New Enterprise Formation), which is a nationally accredited, competency-based, training curriculum for people embarking on self-employment in a small, new enterprise. The action learning methodology explicitly embedded in the curriculum and other key features are highlighted. Research has shown the learning constituency's clear preferences for such a curriculum, but the mainstream response to these clear preferences has at best been limited. Also highlighted is emergent thinking regarding how the curriculum arose from the work environment in the way it did and why the mainstream response has been poor. These interpretations, either directly or via mainstream as default, inform the curriculum. The constructivist stance, of both action learning and emergent thinking, is confronting in that it encroaches on the positivist position of behaviourism and competency-based training.
A new deformable model-based segmentation approach for accurate extraction of the kidney from abdominal CT images (2011)

Kidney segmentation is an essential step in developing any non-invasive Computer-Assisted Diagnostic (CAD) system for the early detection of acute renal rejection. This paper describes a 3-D approach for kidney segmentation from abdominal Computed Tomography (CT) images using a level set-based deformable model. Its evolution is controlled by a specially designed stochastic speed function that accounts for a shape prior and features of image intensity and spatial interactions. The shape prior is learned from the co-aligned 3-D kidney data. The current visual appearances are described with marginal gray level distributions obtained by separating their mixture over the kidney data. The spatial interactions between the kidney voxels are modeled by a 3-D 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> -order translation and rotation variant Markov-Gibbs Random Field (MGRF) of “object-background” labels with analytically estimated potentials. The proposed approach has been evaluated on the CT data sets of 29 patients, yielding an average volumetric overlap error of 3.71%. The presented results indicate that combing CT images' characteristics into level set evolution leads to more accurate segmentation results.
Bioactive new metabolites from the green alga Udotea orientalis growing on the Gorgonian coral Pseudopterogorgia rigida (2016)

As part of our continued search for bioactive secondary metabolites from marine sources using a bioassay-guided fractionation technique (Cytotoxic and anti-trypanosome activities), we have examined the organic extract of Papua New Guinean collection of the green alga Udotea orientalis growing on the Gorgonian coral Pseudopterogorgia rigida. Successive HPLC investigations resulted in isolation of three new compounds, (+) curcuepoxide A, (+) curcuepoxide B and (+)-10α-hydroxycurcudiol. Analysis of different spectroscopic data e.g. UV, IR, LRMS, HRMS, 1D NMR and 2D NMR on the isolated compounds allowed for construction of the planar structures. Stereochemistry assignment at C-7 and C-10 in the new compounds was discussed. Isolated compounds were found to be active in an in vitro assay of antitrypanosome activity. The isolated compounds were found to have variable cytotoxic activity in human lung cancer cell lines.
Near-optimal parameter selection methods for l<inf>2</inf> regularization (2017)

This paper focuses on the problem of selecting the regularization parameter for linear least-squares estimation. Usually, the problem is formulated as a minimization problem with a cost function consisting of the square sum of the l <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> norm of the residual error, plus a penalty term of the squared norm of the solution multiplied by a constant. The penalty term has the effect of shrinking the solution towards the origin with magnitude that depends on the value of the penalty constant. By considering both squared and non-squared norms of the residual error and the solution, four different cost functions can be formed to achieve the same goal. In this paper, we show that all the four cost functions lead to the same closed-form solution involving a regularization parameter, which is related to the penalty constant through a different constraint equation for each cost function. We show that for three of the cost functions, a specific procedure can be applied to combine the constraint equation with the mean squared error (MSE) criterion to develop approximately optimal regularization parameter selection algorithms. Performance of the developed algorithms is compared to existing methods to show that the proposed algorithms stay closest to the optimal MSE.
Training at non‐damaging intensities facilitates recovery from muscle atrophy (2016)

The increases in myofiber CSAs were likely caused by increased myonuclei formed through fusion of resistance-induced myofibers with myogenic satellite cells. These data indicate that resistance training without muscle damage facilitates efficient recovery from atrophy. Muscle Nerve 55: 243-253, 2017.
Threatened Miscarriage as a Predictor of Obstetric Outcome (2006)

II-0.
Kinetic study of the polymeric binder burnout in green low temperature co-fired ceramic tapes (2010)

The binder decomposition and burnout process of a commercial low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) tape and an alumina tape which is used as a sacrificial tape for the constrained sintering process of the LTCC-tape was investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) up to 550 °C at different heating rates (from 1.5 to 10 K min−1) in air. TG revealed a multistage degradation behaviour of the binder system for both tapes, but the temperature range of the different degradation stages varied. The activation energy of decomposition was determined by the Flynn–Wall isoconversional method and the Coats–Redfern method.
Piperacillin pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients (1982)

The pharmacokinetics of piperacillin were studied in 15 pediatric patients (age range, 3.3 to 14.3 years). Piperacillin was administered in a dosage of 1.5 +/- 0.4 g/m2 (mean +/- standard deviation) every 4 to 6 h. Peak serum concentrations ranged from 69 to 354 micrograms/ml. The mean elimination half-life was 37.0 +/- 13.3 min, which is shorter than that observed in most adults with normal renal function. The mean elimination half-life in three patients with renal impairment was 60.1 +/- 12.4 min, and the mean ratio of renal clearance to total clearance was 0.57. These results suggest a significant nonrenal elimination of piperacillin. Based on these data, a dosage of 1.5 g/m2 given as a 30-min infusion every 4 h is suggested for children with normal renal function. For patients with renal impairment, the daily dosage could be calculated as follows: corrected dose = normal dose x (0.35 + [0.65 x (ClCr/0.06)]), where ClCr is the creatinine clearance expressed as liters per minute per square meter.
Determination of Trace Elements in Foods by HCl-HNO3 Leaching and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (1986)

Aluminum, iron, tin, zinc, calcium, magnesium, nickel, copper, chromium, cadmium, and potassium in foods can be extracted by HCl-HNO3 leaching and determined quantitatively using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), with recoveries ranging from 90 to 110%. Thirty to 40 samples of almost any type of food sample can be analyzed routinely for 2 elements in 4-5 h. In contrast, one or 2 days are required when a wet-ash or dry-ash technique is used. Extraction consists of weighing 2-10 g samples into 125 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, adding 20 mL concentrated HCl-HNO3 (9 + 1), then heating in a 82- 93 degrees C water bath for 30 min. After cooling, samples are diluted to volume in 50 mL Nessler tubes and then filtered through No. 541 or 540 Whatman paper. The filtrate is analyzed directly by AAS.
The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Acidic Mammalian Chitinase Inhibitor OAT-177 in DSS-Induced Mouse Model of Colitis (2022)

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic and relapsing gastrointestinal disorders, where a significant proportion of patients are unresponsive or lose response to traditional and currently used therapies. In the current study, we propose a new concept for anti-inflammatory treatment based on a selective acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) inhibitor. The functions of chitinases remain unclear, but they have been shown to be implicated in the pathology of various inflammatory disorders regarding the lung (asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) and gastrointestinal tract (IBD and colon cancer). The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of AMCase inhibitor (OAT-177) on the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced models of colitis. In the short-term therapeutic protocol, OAT-177 given intragastrically in a 30 mg/kg dose, twice daily, produced a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001) anti-inflammatory effect, as shown by the macroscopic score. Additionally, OAT-177 significantly decreased TNF-α mRNA levels and MPO activity compared to DSS-only treated mice. Intraperitoneal administration of OAT-177 at a dose of 50 mg/kg caused statistically relevant reduction of the colon length. In the long-term therapeutic protocol, OAT-177 given intragastrically in a dose of 30 mg/kg, twice daily, significantly improved colon length and body weight compared to DSS-induced colitis. This is the first study proving that AMCase inhibitors may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of IBD.
Design, synthesis and polymerization of highly branched pseudodendrimers through tandem reactions (2009)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Pseudodendrimers are hyperbranched polymers which are isomeric with dendrimers, that is, each repeat unit is either fully reacted or only singly reacted. The careful design of an ABB′ monomer leads to higher branching by virtue of tandem reactions that increase the reactivity of linear units during polymerization, leading to fully reacted repeat units. The resulting polymers are predicted to be very highly branched, and in the optimum case, pseudodendrimers. RESULTS: Our work shows that 6‐amino‐3‐bromophthalide leads to a highly branched polymer via bromohydrin decomposition during polymerization, giving polymers of M̄ = of 3000 and a polydispersity index of 1.03. Our findings indicate a degree of branching of 0.84. The synthesis of similar polymers using different techniques confirms our proposed intermediate. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated a new class of hyperbranched polymers which are highly branched, and may be considered pseudodendrimers. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Ultra-Widefield OCT Angiography (2022)

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA), a functional extension of OCT, has the potential to replace most invasive fluorescein angiography (FA) exams in ophthalmology. So far, OCTA's field of view is however still lacking behind fluorescence fundus photography techniques. This is problematic, because many retinal diseases manifest at an early stage by changes of the peripheral retinal capillary network. It is therefore desirable to expand OCTA's field of view to match that of ultra-widefield fundus cameras. We present a custom developed clinical high-speed swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) system operating at an acquisition rate 8-16 times faster than today's state-of-the-art commercially available OCTA devices. Its speed allows us to capture ultra-wide fields of view of up to 90 degrees with an unprecedented sampling density and hence extraordinary resolution by merging two single shot scans with 60 degrees in diameter. To further enhance the visual appearance of the angiograms, we developed for the first time a three-dimensional deep learning based algorithm for denoising volumetric OCTA data sets. We showcase its imaging performance and clinical usability by presenting images of patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy.
Human Papillomavirus–Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Radiation force-enhanced targeted imaging and near real-time molecular imaging using a dual-frequency high-resolution transducer: In-vitro and in-vivo results (2009)

Recently, there has been an interest in the application of radiation force to enhance the adhesion and detection of targeted contrast agents and concentrate therapeutic delivery vehicles. This is of particular interest for small animal studies, where much of the work on ultrasonic molecular imaging and therapeutic delivery are being tested. The magnitude of radiation force on ultrasound contrast agents is maximized near the bubbles' resonance frequency. Additionally, optimal radiation force delivery involves high duty cycles at non-destructive pressures. Thus, traditional high-frequency imaging transducers are not optimized to produce radiation force on most microbubble contrast agents. Our motivation was to design a dual-frequency high-resolution ultrasound probe for radiation-force enhanced targeted imaging in small animal studies. A prototype dual-frequency confocal transducer has been developed and tested with a commercial high-frequency imaging system. This probe enables generation of radiation force pulses in the frequency range of 2-4 MHz with simultaneous imaging at 30 MHz. We present radiation-force enhanced targeting data in-vitro and in-vivo. Molecular imaging of angiogenesis in a rodent model benefits from a 7 fold increase in signal intensity after radiation-force enhanced targeting compared to standard rheologically-mediated targeting. We demonstrate capability of near real-time detection of targeted contrast agents in-vitro using radiation force to mediate adhesion followed by slow-time filtering to separate free and targeted contrast agent signal.
Developments in Flammable Gas Monitoring (1986)

The increasing use of flammable gas monitoring in industry over the past couple of decades has focused attention on the need of higher integrity monitoring equipment, especially sensors, and its more effective utilisation in an increasingly wide range of applications and environments. This paper reviews some related developments in flammable gas monitoring, including the emergence of national standards and codes of practice.
Activated protein C ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by epigenetically inhibiting the redox enzyme p66 Shc (2012)

The coagulation protease activated protein C (aPC) confers cytoprotective effects in various in vitro and in vivo disease models, including diabetic nephropathy. The nephroprotective effect may be related to antioxidant effects of aPC. However, the mechanism through which aPC may convey these antioxidant effects and the functional relevance of these properties remain unknown. Here, we show that endogenous and exogenous aPC prevents glomerular accumulation of oxidative stress markers and of the redox-regulating protein p66(Shc) in experimental diabetic nephropathy. These effects were predominately observed in podocytes. In vitro, aPC inhibited glucose-induced expression of p66(Shc) mRNA and protein in podocytes (via PAR-1 and PAR-3) and various endothelial cell lines, but not in glomerular endothelial cells. Treatment with aPC reversed glucose-induced hypomethylation and hyperacetylation of the p66(Shc) promoter in podocytes. The hyperacetylating agent sodium butyrate abolished the suppressive effect of aPC on p66(Shc) expression both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, sodium butyrate abolished the beneficial effects of aPC in experimental diabetic nephropathy. Inhibition of p66(Shc) expression and mitochondrial translocation by aPC normalized mitochondrial ROS production and the mitochondrial membrane potential in glucose-treated podocytes. Genetic ablation of p66(Shc) compensated for the loss of protein C activation in vivo, normalizing markers of diabetic nephropathy and oxidative stress. These studies identify a unique mechanism underlying the cytoprotective effect of aPC. Activated PC epigenetically controls expression of the redox-regulating protein p66(Shc), thus linking the extracellular protease aPC to mitochondrial function in diabetic nephropathy.
Impact of harmonization of collection tubes on Alzheimer's disease diagnosis (2013)

In a routine clinical environment, the selection of the collection tube and biomarker cutoff value makes a major difference in AD biological diagnosis. The use of a common collection tube among different centers will reduce the risk of misdiagnosis and incorrect patient stratification.
Isolation and molecular characterization of Musca domestica delta‐9 desaturase sequences (2002)

We have isolated fatty acyl-CoA desaturase cDNA (Mdomd9) and genomic sequences from the housefly, Musca domestica. Two approximately 1.66 kb cDNAs were recovered. They had identical coding regions and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs), but differed in their 5' UTRs. The open reading frame encodes a 380 amino acid (aa) protein with 82% identity to Drosophila melanogaster desat1, and significant (> 50%) identity with other insect delta-9 desaturases. Functional analyses in a yeast expression system confirmed the cDNA encodes a delta9 desaturase. Northern analysis indicated two transcripts of 1.7 and 2.9 kb that hybridized specifically to the open reading frame. PCR amplification of genomic templates revealed three intron sites that are conserved among other insect species. Southern analysis of genomic DNA indicated at least two desaturase gene copies per haploid genome. There is a high degree of polymorphism, most of which appears to be due to variable intron sequences; curiously, individual flies had varying morphs of intron II and intron III. Together, the data suggest that there are more delta9 desaturase alleles within the population studied than there are loci within the genome, and support other studies suggesting that insect fatty acyl-CoA desaturases are a dynamically evolving gene family.