gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linen Lace Concrete: Return to Source (2018)

TEXTILES AND PLACE <br/><br/>Trish Belford – Senior Research Fellow, Ulster University , Northern Ireland<br/><br/>Ruth Morrow – Professor of Architecture , Queens University Belfast<br/><br/>The external site: where textiles creates networks and conversations with and between communities. The presence of textiles as efficient and decorative within the architectural frame. Imaginative spaces to occupy and form alternative environments, connections to site-specific textiles, communities and civic identity. Mapping or remembering spaces through textiles and pyschogeography.<br/><br/>This paper will chart the progress of an AHRC follow on funding application which draws on the expertise between construction and weaving, underpinned by 10 years of research led by Patricia Belford (textiles) and Professor Ruth Morrow (architect). A major part of the initial research during the infant years was methodically developed through a mechanism of play and dissemination, while at the same time trying to answer an overarching research question: can a collaboration between an architect and a textile designer result in making hard surfaces soft? Subverting the perceived role of textiles as simply dressing within an interior space, to an integrated hybrid surface, where textiles and concrete form one unique tactile surface, equally delivering a new tactile material. In part these questions have been answered and this paper will discuss the benefits and pitfalls of working across very opposing disciplines. This will be illustrated in line with the current new work funded by the AHRC to collaborate with MYB textiles (Scotland) to investigate damask weaving of linen for embedded concrete surfaces. This is a one year stage by stage research project, working with the Queens University concrete lab, and weaving expertise within Ulster University. Each stage is designed and analysed merging divergent thinking across construction, textiles and industry. The final outcomes will be driven by 3D form work development and innovative methods to manufacturer a linen damask textile to work within a folded concrete surface. Collaborative relationships will be developed between the researchers and this long established Scottish weaving Company, supported by a final dissemination of the cultural story behind the collaboration and technology, this will be presented to both textile and construction communities. Each discipline bringing its own criteria for design, risk and expectations. The final hard soft concrete pieces will be folded and formed to compliment the woven linen damask pattern and process restrictions. Reactions to the work will vary depending on the audience and expectations of what it means to make hard surfaces soft. <br/>
A SUMO-Dependent Protein Network Regulates Chromosome Congression during Oocyte Meiosis (2016)

During Caenorhabditis elegans oocyte meiosis, a multi-protein ring complex (RC) localized between homologous chromosomes, promotes chromosome congression through the action of the chromokinesin KLP-19. While some RC components are known, the mechanism of RC assembly has remained obscure. We show that SUMO E3 ligase GEI-17/PIAS is required for KLP-19 recruitment to the RC, and proteomic analysis identified KLP-19 as a SUMO substrate in vivo. In vitro analysis revealed that KLP-19 is efficiently sumoylated in a GEI-17-dependent manner, while GEI-17 undergoes extensive auto-sumoylation. GEI-17 and another RC component, the kinase BUB-1, contain functional SUMO interaction motifs (SIMs), allowing them to recruit SUMO modified proteins, including KLP-19, into the RC. Thus, dynamic SUMO modification and the presence of SIMs in RC components generate a SUMO-SIM network that facilitates assembly of the RC. Our results highlight the importance of SUMO-SIM networks in regulating the assembly of dynamic protein complexes.
Extracting Biomolecular Interactions Using Semantic Parsing of Biomedical Text (2016)

We advance the state of the art in biomolecular interaction extraction with three contributions: (i) We show that deep, Abstract Meaning Representations (AMR) significantly improve the accuracy of a biomolecular interaction extraction system when compared to a baseline that relies solely on surface- and syntax-based features; (ii) In contrast with previous approaches that infer relations on a sentence-by-sentence basis, we expand our framework to enable consistent predictions over sets of sentences (documents); (iii) We further modify and expand a graph kernel learning framework to enable concurrent exploitation of automatically induced AMR (semantic) and dependency structure (syntactic) representations. Our experiments show that our approach yields interaction extraction systems that are more robust in environments where there is a significant mismatch between training and test conditions.
The effect of breast density on FDG uptake and its change over time in normal breast tissue (2006)

1633 Objectives: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate whether there is relationship between FDG uptake and the breast density and its change over time in the normal glandular breast tissue. Methods: A total of 160 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer underwent dual time point FDG-PET scan, MRI, mammography and ultrasonography for preoperative staging. The protocol for this prospective research required structural and PET examination of the normal, contra-lateral breast in addition to the diseased side. The mean times from the administration of FGD (5.2 Mbq / kg of body weight) to the first and the second scans were 63 minutes (range: 45-114) and 105 minutes (range: 80-158), respectively. The maximal and average standardized uptake value (SUVmax and SUVavg) of FDG was measured from the region of interest which was placed in the contra-lateral normal glandular breast tissue at two time points by two nuclear medicine physicians independently. The percent change between SUVmax and SUVavg between time points 1 and 2 (Δ%SUV) was calculated. Patients were divided into 2 groups for breast density according to the BI-RADS criteria; grade 1 or 2 breast density (non-dense) and grade 3 or 4 mammographic density (dense breast). The results of SUV measurements were compared between 2 groups. Results: We selected 110 patients (age: 53.2 ±10.0 years; range 33-80) who appeared to have normal have contra-lateral breast in the final analysis of the data generated. Seventy-four patients had dense and 36 had non-dense breasts on mammography. The calculated SUVmax1 and SUV max2, SUVavg1 and SUVavg2, and Δ%SUV for both groups were shown in the table below. The SUVmax and SUVavg results between the 2 groups are statistically significant but the change over time was not. No inter-observer variability was noted between the results by the two physicians. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that the density of the breast is an important factor and affects the FDG uptake in breast tissue in PET studies. The change of FDG uptake does not depend on the density of the breast. Also, the degree of uptake is relatively low and based on past experience it does not adversely affect the sensitivity of the technique in assessing malignant disorder. Also, imaging at a later point after the initial scan improves the contrast between the lesion and the background.
Placenta-on-a-chip: a novel platform to study the biology of the human placenta (2015)

The "Placenta-on-a-Chip" microdevice described herein provides new opportunities to simulate and analyze critical physiological responses of the placental barrier. This system may be used to address the major limitations of existing placenta model systems and serve to enable research platforms for reproductive biology and medicine.
Molecular and polymeric ceramic precursors. Research progress report, December 1, 1990--November 30, 1991 (1991)

The development of new methods for the production of complex materials is one of the most important problems in modern solid state chemistry and materials science. This project is attempting to apply the synthetic principles which have evolved inorganic and organometallic chemistry to the production of technologically important non-oxide ceramics, such as boron nitride, boron carbide and metal borides. Our recent work has now resulted in the production of new polymer systems, including poly(B-vinylborazine), polyvinylpentaborane and polyborazylene, that have proven to be high yield precursors to boron-based ceramic materials. Current work is now directed toward the synthesis of new types of molecular and polymeric boron-containing species and on exploration of the solid state properties of the ceramics that have been produced in these studies.
Effect of Corn Straw Addition on Mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel (2021)

In this study, PVA/CS composite hydrogels were prepared by means of freezing and thawing cycles of agricultural wastes, corn straw (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogels were analyzed by universal tensile device. The effects of CS on tensile strength and elongation at break of PVA/CS composite hydrogels were analyzed. On the other hand, PVA and PVA/CS composite hydrogels were also freeze-dried to investigate the mechanical properties of all hydrogels after drying.
The notion of the Cambrian pananimalia genome. (1996)

The toil by photosynthesizing cyanobacteria and blue-green algae of nearly three billion years appeared to have finally resulted in the sufficient accumulation of molecular oxygen. So, the stage was set for the emergence, at the ocean bottom, of diverse animals that were consumers of molecular oxygen. It now appears that this Cambrian explosion, during which nearly all the extant animal phyla have emerged, was of an astonishingly short duration, lasting only 6-10 million years. Inasmuch as only a 1% DNA base sequence change is expected in 10 million years under the standard spontaneous mutation rate, I propose that all those diverse animals of the early Cambrian period, some 550 million years ago, were endowed with nearly identical genomes, with differential usage of the same set of genes accounting for the extreme diversities of body forms. Some of the more pertinent genes that are thought to be included in the Cambrian pananimalia genome are as follows. (i) A gene for lysyloxidase that, in the presence of molecular oxygen, crosslinked collagen triple helices to produce ligaments and tendons, thus contributing to the stout bodies of the Cambrian animals. (ii) Genes for hemoglobin; these internal transporters of molecular oxygen are today seen sporadically in members of diverse animal phyla. (iii) The Pax-6 gene for eye formation; the eyes of a ribbon worm to a human are organized by this gene. In animals without eyes, the same gene organizes other sensory systems and organs. (iv) A series of Hox genes for the anterior-posterior (cranio-caudal) body plans: these genes are also present in all phyla of the kingdom Animalia.
Comparison of radiation degradation induced by x-ray and 3-MeV protons in 65-nm CMOS transistors (2016)

The total ionizing dose (TID) response of 65-nm CMOS transistors is studied by 10-keV x-ray and 3-MeV protons up to 1 Grad (SiO2) total dose. The degradation levels induced by the two radiation sources are different to some extent. The main reason is the interface dose enhancement due to the thin gate oxide and the low energy photons. The holes’ recombination also contributes to the difference. Compared to these two mechanisms, the influence of the dose rate is negligible.
Implications of positive surgical margins (1993)

The recently concluded Head and Neck Intergroup trial tested the addition of three courses of cis-platinum containing chemotherapy to standard treatment of surgery and postoperative radiotherapy for patients with advanced operable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Only patients with negative surgical margins were eligible for the trial. One hundred twelve patients with positive surgical margins were dropped from the trial but continued to be followed. These patients received a variety of treatments. Positive surgical margins were most often seen in nonglottic primaries and with increasing frequency as the N stage increased. Patients with positive margins who achieved a complete clinical response to subsequent treatment had a median survival of 33.8 months vs. 9.1 months for those with less than a complete clinical response. The addition of chemotherapy did not significantly alter the median survival of the positive margin patients.
Middelgrunden 40MW offshore wind farm Denmark – lessons learned (2002)

ABSTRACT: The paper describes the model for public involvement, based on experience from offshore projects in Den-mark and factors affecting the method of installation, the skills and resources required and the experience in shallow waters with strict requirements for environmental consideration when establishing an offshore wind farm. The paper is based on the experience gained during the establishment of the offshore wind farm Middelgrunden, 40 MW established 3.5 km outside Copenhagen harbour on shallow water (3-8 meters deep) in the autumn of 2000. It is concluded that although active public involvement is a time and resource requiring challenge, it is to be recommended as it may lead to mitigation of general protests, blocking or delaying projects, and increase future confidence, acceptance and support in relation to the coming offshore wind farms in Europe. The experiences from the planning of the project is summarized, and the perspec-tives for the future development of offshore wind power in Europe are drawn.
Coverage Optimization of Wireless Sensor Networks with Normal Distribution (2018)

The sensors at the first-hop from the base station limit the network lifetime of a uniformly deployed Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). That is because all the other nodes rely on them to forward their traffic to the base station; which eventually results in "energy hole" problem. Normal distribution is considered as a promising solution for this problem. Thus, in this paper we focus on studying the effect of the normal distribution deployment variations on the network performance. We selected the coverage performance metric, which is considered as one of the most important Quality of Service metrics in WSN. We derive an equation that can be used to get the best distribution parameters (σx, σy), standard deviations, using our proposed approximation approach called equivalent square method (ESM). Our model is verified using previous reliable published results.
A Corona Discharge Method of Producing Shrink-Resistant Wool and Mohair (1968)

The felting shrinkage resistance imparted to wool by an air-corona field increases to a maximum near 100°C, decreases to a minimum at about 115-120°C, and then increases at higher temperatures. At 100°C and 415 Hz, the shrinkage resistance increases to a maximum at about 17.5 kV, then decreases rapidly. Ozone is believed not responsible for the shrinkage resistance because corona cells operating at about 90°C or higher generate little ozone. Chlorine gas in the air-corona field markedly increases the rate at . which wool is made shrink-resistant. An air/chlorine volume ratio of about 14/1 gives excellent results. If either nitrogen or oxygen, instead of air, is mixed with chlorine, only about half as much shrinkage resistance is achieved. A contribution of oxides of nitrogen to shrink resistance is suggested. Treatment effectiveness of an air-chlorine corona field is increased by adding hydrated salts to the wool or by the presence of water or HCI in the gas. Under conditions which produce satisfactory shrink resistance, the air-chlorine corona treatment causes no change in dyeing rate or in the solubility in acid or base. A continuous reactor is described which uses plane Pyrex cell electrodes. The thin webbing of fibers is transported through the cell by an endless belt. Several metals are satisfactory as belt material, but must be insulated electrically from grounded parts or high-voltage conductors so that arcing will not occur. In the presence of chlorine, the metal should be Teflon-coated.
Potential cerebral stimulants: Esters of 2-dimethylaminoethanol with some lipophilic carboxylic acids (1990)

2-Dimethylaminoethyl esters of 2,2-dimethylpropanoic, heptanoic, octanoic, decanoic, hexadecanoic, cyclopentylacetic, cycloheptylacetic, 2-cyclopentylhexanoic, (4-chlorophenoxy)fumaric, and 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)succinic acid were prepared by reactions of the acid chlorides with 2-dimethylaminoethanol and were transformed to crystalline salts for pharmacological testing. The ester IX (hydrogen fumarate V⁄FB-14 005) was found to antagonize significantly halothan amnesia in rats and the ester X (hydrogen fumarate V⁄FB-14004) proved to be an anticholinergic spasmolytic agent.
Microstructure correlation in high-strength steels with continuous stiffness mode nanoindentation results. High-resolution vs. low-resolution nanoindentation (2013)

Abstract This study utilizes instrumented nanoindentation to compare the mechanical response of a transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel to that of a quench and partition steel (QP). The nanoindenter was operated using continuous stiffness mode, and the microstructure under the indent revealed by chemical etching was examined. Examination of the microstructure in the indents by scanning electron microscopy allows a direct correlation with nanoindentation properties. It is found that the hardness measured at an indentation depth of 1.1 μm is, on average, significantly greater in the QP steel than in the TRIP steel. The continuous hardness measurement also allows the microstructure observed at the center of the indent to be correlated with the hardness values when indentation depths are &lt;0.1 μm. This high-resolution hardness measurement allows for a direct comparison of mechanical response for the individual retained austenite phase particles in the TRIP steel with the strengthening microconstituent in the QP steel. With this methodology, the surprising result is that the TRIP retained austenite particles have a higher hardness than the QP hardening microconstituent. It is proposed that the resolution of the apparent disagreement between the hardness measurements obtained at 1.1 μm depth (QP has the higher hardness) and the 0.1-μm depth hardness measurements of the microconstituents containing retained austenite (TRIP has the higher hardness) lies in the volume fraction of the microconstituent as the QP has a two- to threefold higher volume fraction of hardening phase as compared to TRIP.
Energy characteristics of excitons in structures based on InGaN alloys (2008)

Samples containing ultrathin InGaN layers that emit radiation in the spectral range from the ultraviolet to yellow region are studied. The samples are grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy. The Urbach energy, the localization energy of excitons, and the activation energy of charge carriers are determined to characterize radiative and nonradiative processes in the quantum dots and barriers of the structures. It is shown that these energy parameters are linearly dependent on the photon energy in the range from 3.05 to 2.12 eV. It is established that temperature variations in the emission intensity are due to the increase in the number of charge carriers thermally activated from the quantum wells into barriers as well as due to the enhancement of scattering of free excitons at defects.
Piezoresistivity effects in MOS-FET useful for pressure transducers (1979)

The piezoresistivity coefficients in p- and n- channel MOS transitors manufactured on silicon wafers cut parallel to the (111) and (100) planes as a function of VD and VG and of the temperature, between-20 and 120 C, have been measured with the particular aim of investigating the possible application of MOS transistors for strain measurements, by comparing the advantages and the diadvantages with bulk and diffused resistors. The characteristics of the MOS devices can be consistently better than the corresonding ones of bulk semiconductor strain gauges, partucularly as regards the temperature stability of resistivity and the electrical charactristics.
Explainability Case Studies (2020)

Explainability is one of the key ethical concepts in the design of AI systems. However, attempts to operationalize this concept thus far have tended to focus on approaches such as new software for model interpretability or guidelines with checklists. Rarely do existing tools and guidance incentivize the designers of AI systems to think critically and strategically about the role of explanations in their systems. We present a set of case studies of a hypothetical AI-enabled product, which serves as a pedagogical tool to empower product designers, developers, students, and educators to develop a holistic explainability strategy for their own products.
Uncoupling of ATP Splitting from Ca2+-Transport in Ca2+-Transporting ATPase of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum as a Result of Modification by N-(3-Pyrene)Maleimide: Activation of a Channel with a Specificity for Alkaline Earth Metal Ions1 (1993)

The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes of rabbit skeletal muscle were allowed to react with N-(3-pyrene)maleimide (PMI) at pH 7 at 30 degrees C. The Ca(2+)-transporting activity of the SR membranes was reduced to 20% when PMI was bound to the extent of 1 mol/mol of Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase. The ATPase and the E-P forming activities were not affected by the binding of PMI up to 2 mol/mol ATPase, indicating that PMI somehow uncoupled Ca(2+)-transport from ATP splitting. Permeability of the SR membranes to Ca2+ ions was increased in parallel with the loss of the Ca(2+)-transporting activity. Of several components of the SR membranes which are reactive with PMI, the ATPase protein was the only one whose modification by PMI was directly related to the loss of the Ca(2+)-transporting activity. Similar results were obtained with the light SR membrane fraction, which lacks the ryanodine receptor, a well-recognized Ca2+ channel. These results indicated that a Ca2+ channel that would have been latent or properly regulated in native ATPase somehow escaped from the normal control mechanism as a result of modification of its SH groups by PMI and went into runaway operation. The activated channel was specific for alkaline earth metal ions, so permeability to other solutes including Co2+, Ni2+, and sucrose remained unchanged after treatment with PMI.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Studies on the Taiwan Folk Medicine VI. Studies on Onitin (1986)

Antispasmodic activity of onitin has been assessed and it was found to be an active principle in the herb of Onychium siliculosum (Desv.) C. Chr (Pteridaceae). To compare the effects of onitin and papaverine, the isolated ileum and vas deferens of the guinea pig as well as the stomach strip and uterine muscle of the rat were used. Onitin inhibited contractile responses of the ileum to agonists inculding ACh, K+ and Ba2+ in normal Tyrode solution and to exogenous Ca2+ in high K+ (80 mM), Ca2+-free Tyrode solution. In addition, the contractile responses of stomach strip, vas deferens and uterine muscle to agonists tested, were also inhibited by onitin. Thus, onitin is a non-specific smooth muscle relaxant similar to papaverine, but to a lesser extent. Onitin could non-selectively reduce both the phasic contraction (PC) and the tonic contraction (TC) of the polarized ileum to ACh and the depolarized ileum to exogenous Ca2+. While papaverine could only selectively reduce the TC of polarized and depolarized ileum. It can be concluded that onitin acts a non-specific antispasmodic action like papaverine, but the mechanism of action is different from that of papaverine.