gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mapping Soil Heavy Metal Levels in England and Wales for Application in Public Health (2018)

Background/Aim: Heavy metals, especially Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and metalloid Arsenic (As), have known health impacts. Using extensive soil sampling data from the British Geological Survey (BGS) we aimed to generate reliable soil metal concentration surfaces, with accompanying measures of uncertainty, to identify areas exceeding health-based guideline values.Methods: The BGS soil metals data for Pb, Cd and As comprise an amalgamation of six different surveys collected over a 34-year period and have up to four samples per km2. Ordinary Kriging (OK) and Empirical Bayesian Kriging (EBK) were applied to an 80% stratified sample (i.e. 80% random sample of each survey, comprising 36,802 &amp;#8216;training samples&amp;#8217;). The remaining 20% &amp;#8216;test sample&amp;#8217; (9,202 samples) was used for cross-validation. The predicted standard error generated via the EBK approach was mapped to quantify the uncertainty/error in the interpolated surface.Results: The OK and EBK interpolation methods generated similar soil concentration surfaces, and cross validation with the held-back test data indicated moderate to good model performance: Spearman&amp;#8217;s rank correlation coefficients 0.83 (Pb), 0.72 (As) and 0.57 (Cd). Overall, the models tended to underestimate metal concentrations, although at lower levels (where the majority of the samples clustered), the models both over and under-estimated metal concentrations. For each metal, the areas of high uncertainty (i.e. high standard errors) were located in the areas with high soil metal concentrations. In terms of small areas exceeding health based guideline values, almost 4% of Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs) exceeded the UK soil guideline value for As, and 3.6% exceeded the USA EPA hazard standard for Pb for residential children&amp;#8217;s play areas. No LSOAs exceeded the UK soil guideline value for Cd.Conclusions: These soil metal concentration surfaces can be used to identify areas exceeding health based guidelines.
The present-day seismicity variations in the Kuril-Kamchatka seismic zone (2010)

This study is concerned with seismicity variations in Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands for the period 1962–2009; the effects of large earthquakes on the seismicity of adjacent areas are taken into account. The 1997 Kronotskii earthquake was followed by seismicity decreases in most areas over Kamchatka, which is presumably related to decreased tectonic stresses. After the 2007 Simushir earthquake synchronization and periodicities in seismicity were identified, indicating increased instabilities and the likelihood of a large event in Kamchatka in the near future. The instability of seismic regions is discussed within the framework of the theory of nonequilibrium dynamical systems. We suggest successive phases in the occurrence of seismological precursors.
Hilar clamping versus off-clamp laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for T1b tumors (2013)

With accumulating data pointing to the long-term health benefits of nephron sparing surgery over radical nephrectomy and its oncologic equivalency confirmed, there is an increased push to perform partial nephrectomy for larger tumors. As demonstrated in the setting of a solitary kidney, every minute of warm ischemia counts and ischemia is an important modifiable variable that impacts renal function. As such, off-clamp dissection has potential advantages. The reviewed data show that foregoing hilar clamping for T1b tumors is not only feasible, but is likely beneficial with respect to renal function and does not appear to carry an increased risk of transfusion despite increased blood loss.
Unraveling the scissile bond: how ADAMTS13 recognizes and cleaves von Willebrand factor (2011)

von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a large adhesive glycoprotein with established functions in hemostasis. It serves as a carrier for factor VIII and acts as a vascular damage sensor by attracting platelets to sites of vessel injury. VWF size is important for this latter function, with larger multimers being more hemostatically active. Functional imbalance in multimer size can variously cause microvascular thrombosis or bleeding. The regulation of VWF multimeric size and platelet-tethering function is carried out by ADAMTS13, a plasma metalloprotease that is constitutively active. Unusually, protease activity of ADAMTS13 is controlled not by natural inhibitors but by conformational changes in its substrate, which are induced when VWF is subject to elevated rheologic shear forces. This transforms VWF from a globular to an elongated protein. This conformational transformation unfolds the VWF A2 domain and reveals cryptic exosites as well as the scissile bond. To enable VWF proteolysis, ADAMTS13 makes multiple interactions that bring the protease to the substrate and position it to engage with the cleavage site as this becomes exposed by shear. This article reviews recent literature on the interaction between these 2 multidomain proteins and provides a summary model to explain proteolytic regulation of VWF by ADAMTS13.
Spin State Readout by Quantum Jump Technique: For the Purpose of Quantum Computing (2004)

Utilizing the Pauli-blocking mechanism we show that shining circular polarized light on a singly-charged quantum dot induces spin dependent fluorescence. Employing the quantum-jump technique we demonstrate that this resonance luminescence, due to a spin dependent optical excitation, serves as an excellent readout mechanism for measuring the spin state of a single electron confined to a quantum dot.
Combining SLA prediction and cross layer adaptation for preventing SLA violations (2011)

Abstract. Service-based Applications (SBA) are deployed in highly dy-namic and distributed settings, where various parts of the constituent components- services and their infrastructure- are controlled by dif-ferent third parties. In such a loosely coupled environment, adaptation capabilities are needed to manage deviations and unforeseen situations which might lead to negative consequences (e.g. contractual penalties). Current approaches either focus on cross-layer-adaptation or the pre-vention of SLA violations. In contrast to this, the approach presented in this paper combines both. The paper presents an architecture as a generic framework for the management of arising problems during ser-vice execution. Multiple adaptation mechanisms are available to react on adaptation needs, acting on different layers of the SBA (including e.g. the composition layer and the infrastructure layer). The final goal of the cross-layer adaptation capability is to avoid the violation of agreed Service Level (in SLAs) and thus ensure the benefits of SBAs for both customers and providers. 1
Experimental Studies on Effect of Nano particle blended Biodiesel Combustion on Performance and Emission of CI Engine (2018)

This article is concerned with the study of effect of addition of Carbon Nano Tube (CNT) on the physiochemical properties of Biodiesel and to investigate its effect on the performance and emission of a single cylinder direct injection CI engine. The fuel selected for the present study were Diesel, Biodiesel blends (B20), and CNT blended –biodiesel. The Biodiesel used is Honge Oil Methyl Ester (HOME). Biodiesel Blends were prepared by adding 80% Diesel and 20% Biodiesel by volume with the help of mechanical homogenizer. CNT blended Biodiesel contains 50 ppm of CNT in one liter of biodiesel blends. The experimental studies were carried out in a single cylinder 4 stroke direct injection CI engine connected to an eddy current dynamometer with computerized test rig facility to measure the performance and emission. The experimentations were carried at a constant speed of 1500 rpm and varying the load on the engine. The results shows that increase in the Brake thermal efficiency with the inclusion of CNT to Biodiesel. The brake thermal efficiency of CNT added Biodiesel fuels were 2.24% better as compared to that of Biodiesel without the addition of nano particle at full load calculation. Also the reformulated fuel (Inclusion of CNT's in the Biodiesel blends) shows considerable reduction in the pollutant emission.
A Study of Carbamic Acid Esters as Local Anesthetics (1949)

Abstract not available
Characterization of poroelastic materials through interface scattering and propagation models (2017)

International audience
Simulation Of A Working Cycle Of Micro Reciprocating Compressors (2002)

Today, technology that permits devices and machines to be fabricated in micro sizes is readily available.Similar technology has benefited the development of micro-compressors.This paper describes a simulation approach of a complete working cycle of a micro-compressor taking into consideration of micro flow features.The treatment for the micro-compressor using the available findings in the literature related to MEMS together with an approach that has been developed will be proposed.The prediction on the P-V histories will be shown and discussed.
A vegetable oil-based organogel for use in pH-mediated drug delivery (2015)

Organogels prepared with vegetable oils as the liquid organic phase present an excellent platform for the controlled delivery of hydrophobic guest molecules. We disclose a graft copolymer comprised of a poly(L-serine) backbone linked to alkane side-chains by hydrolytically susceptible ester bonds, that is capable of gelating edible safflower oil. The thermoresponsive organogel formed, which is non-cytotoxic, is capable of withholding guest molecules before undergoing targeted disassembly upon incubation in solutions of acidic pH, permitting the directed release of payload molecules. The presented material offers an extremely promising candidate for the controlled delivery of hydrophobic agents within acidic environments, such as cancer tumour sites.
Combination of Antiretroviral Drugs Zidovudine and Efavirenz Impairs Tumor Growths in a Mouse Model of Cancer (2021)

LINE1 retrotransposons, which are thought to be the remnants of ancient integrations of retrovirus-like elements, are aberrantly (re)activated in many cancer cells. Due to LINE1-induced alterations in target gene expression and/or chromosomal rearrangements, they may be important drivers of tumorigenesis. Moreover, LINE1 encoded proteins, Open Reading Frame (ORF)1 and ORF2, may have pro-oncogenic potential through inductors of oncogenic transcription factors or inhibitors of cell cycle suppressors. The current study therefore aimed to investigate in vitro and in vivo anti-tumorigenic effects of two well-known antiretroviral drugs, zidovudine, a nucleoside analogue inhibitor of RT (NRTI), and efavirenz, a non-nucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI). Our data demonstrate that both drugs in clinically relevant doses significantly reduced the proliferation of murine and human cancer cell lines, as well as growth of tumors in a murine subcutaneous model. Intriguingly, we found that the combination of both zidovudine and efavirenz almost entirely blocked tumorigenesis in vivo. Because both drugs are FDA-approved agents and the combination was very well tolerated in mice, the combination therapy as presented in our paper might be an opportunity to treat colorectal tumors and metastasis to the liver in an inexpensive way.
Design considerations for the DASTEK 4830 disk drive (1981)

The DASTEK 4830 Disk Drive is designed to provide minicomputer original equipment manufacturers (OEM) with direct access storage having the performance, reliability, and cost/MB characteristics of drives attached to large mainframe computers. This was accomplished by utilizing state-of-the -art technologies in the areas of read/write heads, media, data encoding/decoding, and read/write head positioning as well as packaging improvements and microprocessor based electronics.
A Real-Time, Linear, Parameter-Varying, Model Predictive Control Strategy for a Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System (2021)

Model predictive control (MPC) of the battery-supercapacitor (SC) hybrid energy storage system (HESS) has been studied for electric vehicle (EV) and microgrid applications. However, the conventional models of the HESS reported in the literature, which play an important role in the MPC, cannot guarantee satisfactory modeling and prediction accuracy for the entire range of the battery state of charge (SOC). To address this issue, this work develops a linear, parameter-varying (LPV) model for the HESS, which accounts for the SOC variations of the battery and, therefore, offers higher HESS modeling and prediction accuracy than the conventional models with fixed parameters reported in the literature. Based on the LPV model, a real-time, multiobjective LPV-MPC strategy is proposed to optimally split the load current of the HESS between battery and SC. Simulation studies verify the superiority of the proposed LPV-MPC strategy over the existing current split strategies in reducing the energy losses and battery degradation of the HESS. Finally, a real-time experiment is carried out to further validate the proposed LPV-MPC strategy for an EV application.
Hierarchical active shape models, using the wavelet transform (2003)

Active shape models (ASMs) are often limited by the inability of relatively few eigenvectors to capture the full range of biological shape variability. This paper presents a method that overcomes this limitation, by using a hierarchical formulation of active shape models, using the wavelet transform. The statistical properties of the wavelet transform of a deformable contour are analyzed via principal component analysis, and used as priors in the contour's deformation. Some of these priors reflect relatively global shape characteristics of the object boundaries, whereas, some of them capture local and high-frequency shape characteristics and, thus, serve as local smoothness constraints. This formulation achieves two objectives. First, it is robust when only a limited number of training samples is available. Second, by using local statistics as smoothness constraints, it eliminates the need for adopting ad hoc physical models, such as elasticity or other smoothness models, which do not necessarily reflect true biological variability. Examples on magnetic resonance images of the corpus callosum and hand contours demonstrate that good and fully automated segmentations can be achieved, even with as few as five training samples.
The fermentation, isolation and characterization of a macromolecular peptide antibiotic: An-1. (1984)

A new macromolecular peptide antibiotic, named AN-1, was isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces albus AJ9003. From 18 liters of culture broth (110 units/ml activity) a 300 mg sample of AN-1 was obtained with a specific activity of 1,160 units/mg was obtained. AN-1 is a basic polypeptide with a molecular weight of 12,000, isoelectric point of pH 8.3, and gives a single band on SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It is soluble in water but insoluble in ethanol, butanol and acetone. It was stable at pH 6 approximately 9 but very unstable at pH 2. The UV absorption spectrum shows a maximum at 280 nm. AN-1 had no antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested, but shows strong inhibitory activity toward Escherichia coli MP2, a macromolecule permeable mutant. In addition to being highly mutagenic, AN-1 inhibits the in vitro cell growth of L1210 (ED50 0.41 micrograms/ml). However, AN-1 had no antitumor activity against mouse leukemia L1210 or Lewis lung carcinoma in mouse.
Adoptive Transfer of Tumor Reactive B Cells Confers Host T-Cell Immunity and Tumor Regression (2011)

We have found that appropriately primed B cells can mediate tumor regression by itself and confers host T-cell antitumor immunity. Furthermore, effector B cells can serve as a useful adjunct in adoptive T-cell therapy.
Darstellung und Kristallstrukturen von neutralen und kationischen Kupfer(I)-Gemischtligandkomplexen mit Derivaten des Biimidazols und Triphenylphosphan (1998)

Es wurden acht Triphenylphosphan-Kupfer(I)-Komplexe mit Bibenzimidazol, Tetramethylbiimidazol oder Tetrahydrobiimidazol dargestellt und soweit möglich durch Elementaranalysen, IR-, 1H-NMR- und 31P-NMR-Spektren charakterisiert. Die Kristallstrukturen zweier Komplexe mit Bibenzimidazol wurden bestimmt. [Cu(bbimH2)(PPh3)2]Cl · CH2Cl2: Reaktion von CuCl mit Bibenzimidazol in geschmolzenem Triphenylphosphan oder [CuCl(PPh3)3] mit Bibenzimidazol in CH2Cl2. Raumgruppe P 1, Z = 2, 6440 beobachtete unabhängige Reflexe, R = 0.064 für Reflexe mit I > 2σ(I). Gitterkonstanten bei 203 K: a = 983.6; b = 1348.9; c = 1805.5 pm; α = 77.24; β = 80.90; γ = 85,81°. Die Kristallstruktur ist aus monomeren Molekülen mit verzerrt tetraedrisch koordiniertem Kupfer (CuN2P2) und Bibenzimidazol als zweizähnigem Liganden aufgebaut. Das Chlorid-Ion ist über H-Brücken mit den NH-Gruppen des Bibenzimidazols verknüpft. [{Cu(PPh3)2}2(μ-bbim)] · 2 CH2Cl2: Reaktion von [CuCl(PPh3)3] mit dem Dikaliumsalz von Bibenzimidazol in CH3OH/CH2Cl2. Raumgruppe P 1, Z = 1, 7192 beobachtete unabhängige Reflexe, R = 0,057 für Reflexe mit I > 2σ(I). Gitterkonstanten bei 203 K: a = 1334.1; b = 1386.8; c = 1443.7 pm; α = 107.51; β = 103.35; γ = 113.74°. Die Kristallstruktur ist aus zentrosymmetrischen Molekülen mit verzerrt tetraedrisch koordinierten Kupferatomen (CuN2P2) und Bibenzimidazolat(2–) als vierzähnigem Brückenliganden aufgebaut. Preparation and Crystal Structures of Neutral and Cationic Copper(I) Mixed Ligand Complexes with Triphenylphosphane and Derivatives of Biimidazole Eight triphenylphosphanecopper(I) complexes with bibenzimidazole, tetramethylbiimidazole or tetrahydrobiimidazole were prepared and characterized so far as possible by elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR and 31P-NMR spectra. The crystal structures of two complexes with bibenzimidazole were determined. [Cu(bbimH2)(PPh3)2]Cl · CH2Cl2: Reaction of CuCl with bibenzimidazole in fused triphenylphosphane or [CuCl(PPh3)3] with bibenzimidazole in CH2Cl2. Space group P 1, Z = 2, 6440 observed independent reflections, R = 0.064 for refletions with I > 2σ(I). Lattice parameters at 203 K: a = 983.6; b = 1348.9; c = 1805.5 pm; α = 77.24; β = 80.90; γ = 85.81°. The crystal structure is built up by monomeric molecules with distorted tetrahedral coordination of the copper atom (CuN2P2) and bibenzimidazole as bidentate ligand. The chloride ion is linked by H-bonds with the NH groups of the bibenzimidazole. [{Cu(PPh3)2}2(μ-bbim)] · 2 CH2Cl2: Reaction of [CuCl(PPh3)3] with the dipotassium salt of bibenzimidazole in CH3OH/CH2Cl2. Space group P 1, Z = 1, 7192 observed independent reflections, R = 0.057 for reflections with I > 2σ(I). Lattice parameters at 203 K: a = 1334.1; b = 1386.8; c = 1443.7 pm; α = 107.51; β = 103.35; γ = 113.74°. The crystal structure is built up by centrosymmetric molecules with distorted tetrahedral coordination of the copper atoms (CuN2P2) and bibenzimidazolate(2–) as tetradentate bridging ligand.
NF-κB activation and potentiation of proinflammatory responses by theHelicobacter pyloriCagA protein (2005)

The Helicobacter pylori immunodominant protein, CagA, is associated with severe gastritis and carcinoma. Injection of CagA into gastric epithelial cells by type IV secretion leads to actin-cytoskeletal rearrangements and cell scattering. CagA has been reported to have no role in the induction of transcription factor NF-kappaB and IL-8, which are crucial determinants for chronic inflammation. Here, we provide several lines of evidence showing that CagA is able to induce IL-8 in a time- and strain-dependent manner. We also show that by exchanging specific cagA genes, high IL-8-inducing H. pylori strains could be converted into low inducing strains and vice versa. Our results suggest that IL-8 release induced by CagA occurs via a Ras-->Raf-->Mek-->Erk-->NF-kappaB signaling pathway in a Shp-2- and c-Met-independent manner. Thus, CagA is a multifunctional protein capable of effecting both actin remodeling and potentiation of chemokine release.
Anterior lens capsule collagens: cyanogen bromide peptides of the C chain (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnterior lens capsule collagens: cyanogen bromide peptides of the C chainSaryu N. Dixit and Andrew H. KangCite this: Biochemistry 1979, 18, 25, 5686–5692Publication Date (Print):December 11, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 11 December 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00592a026Request reuse permissionsArticle Views18Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fluorescent immersion range scanning (2008)

The quality of a 3D range scan should not depend on the surface properties of the object. Most active range scanning techniques, however, assume a diffuse reflector to allow for a robust detection of incident light patterns. In our approach we embed the object into a fluorescent liquid. By analyzing the light rays that become visible due to fluorescence rather than analyzing their reflections off the surface, we can detect the intersection points between the projected laser sheet and the object surface for a wide range of different materials. For transparent objects we can even directly depict a slice through the object in just one image by matching its refractive index to the one of the embedding liquid. This enables a direct sampling of the object geometry without the need for computational reconstruction. This way, a high-resolution 3D volume can be assembled simply by sweeping a laser plane through the object. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our light sheet range scanning approach on a set of objects manufactured from a variety of materials and material mixes, including dark, translucent and transparent objects.
Dynamical Mechanism of Two-Dimensional Plasmon Launching by Swift Electrons (2015)

Launching of surface plasmons by swift electrons has long been utilized in electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) to investigate plasmonic properties of ultrathin, or two-dimensional (2D), electron systems. However, its spatio-temporal process has never been revealed. This is because the impact of an electron will generate not only plasmons, but also photons, whose emission cannot be achieved at a single space-time point, as fundamentally determined from the uncertainty principle. Here, we propose that such a space-time limitation also applies to surface plasmon generation in EELS experiment. On the platform of graphene, we demonstrate within the framework of classical electrodynamics that the launching of 2D plasmons by an electron's impact is delayed after a hydrodynamic splashing-like process, which occurs during the plasmonic "formation time" when the electron traverses the "formation zone." Considering this newly revealed process, we show that previous estimates on the yields of graphene plasmons in EELS have been overestimated.