gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chow fed UC Davis strain female Lepr fatty Zucker rats exhibit mild glucose intolerance, hypertriglyceridemia, and increased urine volume, all reduced by a Brown Norway strain chromosome 1 congenic donor region (2017)

Our objective is to identify genes that influence the development of any phenotypes of type 2 diabetes (T2D) or kidney disease in obese animals. We use the reproductively isolated UC Davis fatty Zucker strain rat model in which the defective chromosome 4 leptin receptor (LeprfaSte/faSte) results in fatty obesity. We previously produced a congenic strain with the distal half of chromosome 1 from the Brown Norway strain (BN) on a Zucker (ZUC) background (BN.ZUC-D1Rat183-D1Rat90). Previously published studies in males showed that the BN congenic donor region protects from some phenotypes of renal dysfunction and T2D. We now expand our studies to include females and expand phenotyping to gene expression. We performed diabetes and kidney disease phenotyping in chow-fed females of the BN.ZUC-D1Rat183-D1Rat90 congenic strain to determine the specific characteristics of the UC Davis model. Fatty LeprfaSte/faSte animals of both BN and ZUC genotype in the congenic donor region had prediabetic levels of fasting blood glucose and blood glucose 2 hours after a glucose tolerance test. We observed significant congenic strain chromosome 1 genotype effects of the BN donor region in fatty females that resulted in decreased food intake, urine volume, glucose area under the curve during glucose tolerance test, plasma triglyceride levels, and urine glucose excretion per day. In fatty females, there were significant congenic strain BN genotype effects on non-fasted plasma urea nitrogen, triglyceride, and creatinine. Congenic region genotype effects were observed by quantitative PCR of mRNA from the kidney for six genes, all located in the chromosome 1 BN donor region, with potential effects on T2D or kidney function. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the BN genotype chromosome 1 congenic region influences traits of both type 2 diabetes and kidney function in fatty UC Davis ZUC females and that there are many positional candidate genes.
XPS-Surface Analysis of SEI Layers on Li-Ion Cathodes: Part I. Investigation of Initial Surface Chemistry (2018)

In this contribution, we investigate the initial surface chemistry on fully lithiated LiCoO2 thin film model electrodes in the electrolyte solvent diethyl carbonate (DEC) and the LiPF6-electrolyte by means of soaking experiments. The interfacial layer composition is analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and possible layer morphologies and spontaneous formation mechanisms are discussed in detail. Upon decomposition of DEC a layered system of surface-bound semi-organic components (inner layer) and cross-linked organic moieties (outer layer) is formed, while a change of the Co3+ oxidation state and thus a surface corrosion of LiCoO2 was not observed. In contrast, the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film of the LiPF6-electrolyte soaked electrode showed an inner layer, containing predominantly corroded LiCoO2, i.e. Co(II,III)xOy(OH)z and LiF as well as aliphatic fluoroorganic species. The outer SEI layer consists mainly of a poly-organic network and randomly distributed LixPOyFz domains. The thickness of the deposit on the electrolyte soaked electrode surface was only half as thick due to the significantly lower amount of organic and semi-organic compounds. Our investigation indicates that the solvent decomposition is related to the catalytically active LiCoO2 surface, which is passivated by reaction products such as LiF originating from HF induced processes.
Spatial decoherence of pulsed broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (2005)

We report a strong reduction of spatial coherence of the emission of large aperture vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers when they are driven by microsecond electrical pulses. We give evidence that this is due to a breakdown of the modal emission of these lasers. The spatial decoherence manifests itself in the formation of a Gaussian far field intensity distribution. The coherence radius we extract is 1.4 micrometer under these operating conditions, irrespective of the Fresnel number of the vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser. Finally, the spatial coherence properties can be varied by changing the pulse duration or pulse amplitude.
Scattering reduction by structured light illumination in line-scanning temporal focusing microscopy (2018)

Line-scanning temporal focusing microscopy (LineTFM) is capable of imaging biological samples more than 10 times faster than two-photon laser point-scanning microscopy (TPLSM), while achieving nearly the same lateral and axial spatial resolution. However, the image contrast taken by LineTFM is lower than that by TPLSM because LineTFM is severely influenced by biological tissue scattering. To reject the scattered photons, we implemented LineTFM using both structured illumination and uniform illumination combined with the HiLo post-processing algorithm, called HiLL microscopy (HiLo-Line-scanning temporal focusing microscopy). HiLL microscopy significantly reduces tissue scattering and improves image contrast. We demonstrate HiLL microscopy with <i>in vivo</i> brain imaging. This approach could potentially find applications in monitoring fast dynamic events and in mapping high resolution structures over a large volume.
Robust optical autofocus system utilizing neural networks applied to automated multiwell plate STORM microscopy (2021)

We present a robust, low-cost neural network-based optical autofocus system that can operate over a range of &plusmn;100&mu;m with submicron precision, enabling automated high-content super-resolved imaging with a 1.3 NA objective lens.
Thermal Emissivity‐Based Chemical Spectroscopy through Evanescent Tunneling (2016)

A new spectroscopic technique is presented, with which environmentalchemistry-induced thermal emissivity changes of thin films are extracted with high isolation through evanescent tunneling. With this method the hydrogen-induced emissivity changes of films of TiO2 , Pd-TiO2 , and Au-TiO2 , with properties of high conductivity, hydrogen chemisorption, and plasmonic activity, are characterized in the UV-vis and NIR wavelength ranges, at 1073 K.
Dual Modulation of Cell Survival and Cell Death by β2-Adrenergic Gi and Gs Signaling in Adult Mouse Cardiac Myocytes (2000)

There is considerable debate about the choice of intravenous platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors for percutaneous coronary intervention, after a meta-analysis of 7 trials and 16,770 patients has shown a 38% reduction in death or non-fatal MI 30 days after the index procedure. At 149 hospitals in 18 countries throughout North America, Europe and Australia, 4810 patients were randomized between 12/30/99 and 8/25/00 and treated with either tirofiban or abciximab on a double-blind, double dummy basis. Clopidogrel and aspirin were administered preprocedurally, along with a 70 U/kg intravenous heparin bolus. The dose of tirofiban was 10 mcg/kg bolus and 0.15 mcg/kg/min infusion for 18 -24 hrs; for abciximab it was 0.25 mcg/kg bolus and 0.125 mcg/kg/min (max 10 mcg/min) infusion. Patients qualified by having suitable anatomy for "intent-to-stent" lesions addressed by percutaneous revascularization, and were not with evolving ST-elevation MI or with serum creatinine 2.5 mg/dl. The primary endpoint is 30 death or non-fatal MI and the trial has 80% power to determine non-inferiority for tirofiban with an expected event rate in the control (abciximab) group of 5.3% based on the EPISTENT trial. The primary endpoint data will be presented along with the key subgroups such as diabetics. Follow-up data for the trial to 1 year will also be performed.
<title>Cardiac motion estimation from MR image sequences</title> (1990)

A method to reconstruct motion using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is presented. Magnetic resonance imaging tagging is used to create intensity gradients within objects, where the intensity would otherwise be largely constant. Since the tag field decays with T1, a modified optical flow algorithm is developed and implemented. Object parameters T1, T2, and D0 are required to be known across the image at the time the tag field is created; motion is then determined by computing optical flow between pairs of images and estimating the implied motion reference map at each pixel site.
High deposition rate amorphous silicon-based multijunction solar cell (1995)

We have investigated and optimized the deposition conditions for growth of amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and silicon-germanium (a-SiGe:H) alloys at high rates using microwave glow discharge. The optimum substrate temperature is found to be higher and deposition pressure lower than the case for materials deposited at low rates using radio-frequency glow discharge. Using the optimized conditions, we report an active-area efficiency of 11.44% for a double-junction, dual-gap a-Si:H alloy solar cell in which the bottom cell incorporates a-SiGe:H alloy deposited at 100 Å/s.
Protracted CLN3 Batten disease in mice that genetically model an exon-skipping therapeutic approach (2023)

Genetic mutations that disrupt open reading frames and cause translation termination are frequent causes of human disease and are difficult to treat due to protein truncation and mRNA degradation by nonsense-mediated decay, leaving few options for traditional drug targeting. Splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides offer a potential therapeutic solution for diseases caused by disrupted open reading frames by inducing exon skipping to correct the open reading frame. We have recently reported on an exon-skipping antisense oligonucleotide that has a therapeutic effect in a mouse model of CLN3 Batten disease, a fatal pediatric lysosomal storage disease. To validate this therapeutic approach, we generated a mouse model that constitutively expresses the <i>Cln3</i> spliced isoform induced by the antisense molecule. Behavioral and pathological analyses of these mice demonstrate a less severe phenotype compared with the CLN3 disease mouse model, providing evidence that antisense oligonucleotide-induced exon skipping can have therapeutic efficacy in treating CLN3 Batten disease. This model highlights how protein engineering through RNA splicing modulation can be an effective therapeutic approach.
Deep learning assisted mechanotyping of individual cells through repeated deformations and relaxations in undulating channels (2022)

Mechanical properties of cells are important features that are tightly regulated and are dictated by various pathologies. Deformability cytometry allows for the characterization of the mechanical properties at a rate of hundreds of cells per second, opening the way to differentiating cells via mechanotyping. A remaining challenge for detecting and classifying rare sub-populations is the creation of a combined experimental and analysis protocol that approaches the maximum potential classification accuracy for single cells. In order to find this maximum accuracy, we designed a microfluidic channel that subjects each cell to repeated deformations and relaxations and provides a comprehensive set of mechanotyping parameters. We track the shape dynamics of individual cells with high time resolution and apply sequence-based deep learning models for feature extraction. In order to create a dataset based solely on differing mechanical properties, a model system was created with treated and untreated HL60 cells. Treated cells were exposed to chemical agents that perturb either the actin or microtubule networks. Multiple recurrent and convolutional neural network architectures were trained using time sequences of cell shapes and were found to achieve high classification accuracy based on cytoskeletal properties alone. The best model classified two of the sub-populations of HL60 cells with an accuracy over 90%, significantly higher than the 75% we achieved with traditional methods. This increase in accuracy corresponds to a fivefold increase in potential enrichment of a sample for a target population. This work establishes the application of sequence-based deep learning models to dynamic deformability cytometry.
Bone suppression in CT angiography data by region-based multiresolution segmentation (2003)

Multi slice CT (MSCT) scanners have the advantage of high and isotropic image resolution, which broadens the range of examinations for CT angiography (CTA). A very important method to present the large amount of high-resolution 3D data is the visualization by maximum intensity projections (MIP). A problem with MIP projections in angiography is that bones often hide the vessels of interest, especially the scull and vertebral column. Software tools for a manual selection of bone regions and their suppression in the MIP are available, but processing is time-consuming and tedious. A highly computer-assisted of even fully automated suppression of bones would considerably speed up the examination and probably increase the number of examined cases. In this paper we investigate the suppression (or removal) of bone regions in 3D CT data sets for vascular examinations of the head with a visualization of the carotids and the circle of Willis.
Extremely low catalyst loading for electroless deposition on a non-conductive surface by a treatment for reduced graphene oxide (2017)

Enhancement of electroless deposition using reduced-graphene-oxide (rGO) coating for a conductive surface on the non-conductive substrate is proposed and demonstrated. We confirmed that the rGO treatment enhanced the Pd catalytic activity and achieved a sufficient rate in electroless deposition with extremely low Pd loading (3.94 × 10<sup>-2</sup> μg cm<sup>-2</sup>).
On the formability of hole-flanging by incremental sheet forming (2013)

Hole-flanging by incremental sheet forming is developing as an innovative metal forming technology for flexible small batch-production of cylindrical or conical flanges in blanks with pre-cut holes. The process is seen as an alternative to hole-flanging by conventional press-working due to significant cost savings through the replacement of complex press-tools by simple dieless forming apparatuses and to widespread belief that the limiting forming ratio of hole-flanging by incremental sheet forming is always higher than that of hole-flanging by conventional press-working. This article focuses on the aforementioned assumption and investigates the influence of material failure by necking and fracture on the limiting forming ratio. The experimental work is performed in a CNC machining center and a hydraulic press equipped with apparatuses for multi-stage single point incremental forming and conventional press-tooling, and the strain loading paths resulting from each forming process are determined by circle grid analysis. Results in Aluminium AA1050-H111 and Titanium (grade 2) blanks demonstrate that contrary to what has often been said in the literature there are process operating conditions leading to higher limiting forming ratio of hole-flanging by conventional press-working than by incremental sheet forming due to closeness of the forming limit curve and fracture forming limit line in the principal strain space.
1-Magnesiotetrahydroisoquinolyloxazolines as Chiral Nucleophiles in Stereoselective Additions to Aldehydes:  Auxiliary Optimization, Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)-Corlumine, (+)-Bicuculline, (+)-Egenine, and (+)-Corytensine, and Preliminary 13C NMR Studies of 1-Lithio- and 1-Magnesiotetrahydroisoquinolyloxazolines (1996)

Transmetalation of 1-lithiotetrahydroisoquinolyloxazolines with magnesium halides affords Grignard reagents that add to aldehydes with up to 80% selectivity for one of the four possible diastereomeric products. An oxazoline chiral auxiliary derived from camphor provides an optimal blend of diastereoselectivity and isomer separability. Synthetic applications of the optimal auxiliary, patterned after a literature approach in the racemic series, comprise an improved (formal) synthesis of bicuculline, egenine, and corytensine, as well as an efficient synthesis of corlumine. Preliminary NMR studies show that both 1-lithio- and 1-magnesiotetrahydroisoquinolyloxazolines are dynamic mixtures in THF solution at low temperatures. The barrier to pyramidal inversion of the secondary Grignard reagent is in the 9.8−10.1 kcal/mol range, while an upper limit of about 8.2 kcal/mol can be assigned to the barrier to the organolithium inversion.
Retrieval and feedback models for blog feed search (2008)

Blog feed search poses different and interesting challenges from traditional ad hoc document retrieval. The units of retrieval, the blogs, are collections of documents, the blog posts. In this work we adapt a state-of-the-art federated search model to the feed retrieval task, showing a significant improvement over algorithms based on the best performing submissions in the TREC 2007 Blog Distillation task[12]. We also show that typical query expansion techniques such as pseudo-relevance feedback using the blog corpus do not provide any significant performance improvement and in many cases dramatically hurt performance. We perform an in-depth analysis of the behavior of pseudo-relevance feedback for this task and develop a novel query expansion technique using the link structure in Wikipedia. This query expansion technique provides significant and consistent performance improvements for this task, yielding a 22% and 14% improvement in MAP over the unexpanded query for our baseline and federated algorithms respectively.
Surveying for sound – sound insulation and the Building Regulations (1991)

Outlines the requirements and methods of assessment of sound insulation in dwellings, as ordered by Part E of the Building Regulations 1985. Explores the origins of the performance standard and comments on the performance achieved in practice. Summarizes present proposals to increase the scope of Part E by means of a case study of a remedial exercise to improve poor sound insulation in newly built flats.
Changes in Tannin-Like Compounds of Peanut Fruit Parts During Maturation1 (1977)

Abstract This study served a twofold purpose in that it investigated the relationship of tannins to maturity of peanuts and provided some information on the possible importance of tannins in resistance of peanuts to invasion by various fungi. Peanut fruits were separated into selected physiological maturity stages and divided into hull, seed coat and seed. The fruit parts in each maturity stage were analyzed for tannin using Folin-Denis reagent. Examination of physical and chemical characteristics of hull and seed coat tannins confirmed they are both condensed tannins. Presented as mg tannin per fruit part, hull tannins increased significantly after stage 9, seed coat tannins increased significantly to stage 9 then decreased, and seed tannins did not change. Fruit parts of cured peanuts containing several maturity stages were similar in tannin content to the more mature uncured fruit parts. Calculated as % fresh weight, tannins in the hull and seed coat were significantly higher in the three most mature stages. The results show a close relationship of tannin and maturity and also indicate that tannin concentrations may be sufficient to provide some measure of resistance to microbial attack.
Design issues in low-voltage high-speed current-mode logic buffers (2003)

A current-mode logic (CML) buffer is based on a simple differential circuit. This paper investigates important problems involved in the design of a CML buffer as well as a chain of tapered CML buffers. A new design procedure to systematically design a chain of tapered CML buffers is proposed. The circuit design issues in regard to the CML buffer are compared with those in a conventional CMOS inverter. It is shown, both through the experiments and by using efficient analytical models, why CML buffers are better than CMOS inverters in high-speed low-voltage applications.
Fecal transplants in spondyloarthritis and uveitis: ready for a clinical trial? (2018)

The field is beginning to discover a new level of understanding how the intestinal microbiome is involved in SpA. Treatment methods to alter intestinal microbiota to treat SpA-related diseases are still in its infancy.
Mass-transfer efficiency of a large-scale sieve tray extractor (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMass-transfer efficiency of a large-scale sieve tray extractorA. Frank Seibert and James R. FairCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 10, 2213–2219Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00022a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00022a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views381Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-repetition-rate diode-pumped Nd:YVO_4 slab laser (1994)

Q-switched pulse energies of approximately 1 mJ at repetition rates as high as 1 kHz have been obtained from an electro-optically Q-switched Nd:YVO4 slab oscillator that was side pumped by a five-bar diode-laser stack. High gain within the slab resulted in pulse durations of less than 5 ns and sub-15-ns buildup times. Thermal effects caused the beam profile to deteriorate gradually from diffraction limited at lower repetition rates to approximately 1.5 times diffraction limited at 1 kHz.
Robust mitigation of multipath and ionospheric delays in multi-GNSS real-time kinematic (RTK) receivers (2009)

In this paper, we develop a new scheme for RTK positioning using multi-constellation GNSS measurements in presence of multipath and ionospheric delays. The proposed procedure for multi-frequency ambiguity resolution is based on four steps: 1) at each epoch, a Gaussian sum particle filter is used to track the user position and the float ambiguity solution adaptively to the dynamic environment by minimizing the noise level and estimating the ionospheric errors ; 2) we utilize a new carrier phase multipath indicator to reject integers candidates that are affected by multipath errors, 3) we apply LAMBDA method to search the integer ambiguities; and finally 4) validate the fixed solution using a robust statistical test. Real-data test results show the effectiveness of the overall developed procedure for long-baseline RTK positioning.