gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computer‐Aided Design of a Sulfate‐Encapsulating Receptor (2009)

Abstract Maßanfertigung : Eine neue computergestützte Methode wird vorgestellt, um effizientere selbstorganisierte Käfigrezeptoren zu erhalten. Der resultierende tetraedrische M 4 L 6 ‐Käfig mit exakt positionierten H‐Brücken‐bildenden Harnstoffgruppen (siehe Struktur; gelb: Vorhersage, blau: experimentell ermittelt, Kalottenmodell: SO 4 2− ) erwies sich in Wasser als bemerkenswert starker Sulfatrezeptor. magnified image
Efficient Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 by Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Carbon-Carbon Nanotube Membranes - A Step Towards the Electrochemical CO2 Refinery (2019)

The search for earth abundant, efficient and stable electrocatalysts that can enable the chemical reduction of CO2 to value-added chemicals and fuels at an industrially relevant scale, is a high priority for the development of a global network of renewable energy conversion and storage systems that can meaningfully impact greenhouse gas induced climate change. Here we introduce a straightforward, low cost, scalable and technologically relevant method to manufacture an all-carbon, electroactive, nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbon-carbon nanotube composite membrane, dubbed "HNCM-CNT". The membrane is demonstrated to function as a binder-free, high-performance electrode for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formate. The Faradaic efficiency for the production of formate is 81%. Furthermore, the robust structural and electrochemical properties of the membrane endow it with excellent long-term stability.
Design-for-testability for multi-cycle broadside tests by holding of state variables (2014)

This article describes a design-for-testability approach for increasing the transition fault coverage of multi-cycle broadside tests. Earlier methods addressed two-cycle tests. The importance of multi-cycle tests results from the ability to produce more compact test sets than possible with two-cycle tests, from the fact that when multi-cycle tests are applied at-speed, they can detect defects that are not detected by two-cycle tests and from their ability to avoid overtesting of delay faults. The approach described in this article is based on holding the values of selected state variables constant during the functional clock cycles of a multi-cycle broadside test. This allows new tests to be produced, which are different from broadside tests, without relying on nonfunctional toggling of state variables as in earlier methods for two-cycle tests. Experimental results show significant improvements in transition fault coverage using a fixed set of hold configurations for two types of multi-cycle broadside test sets: (1) test sets that are stored and applied from an external tester, and (2) functional broadside test sets that are generated using on-chip hardware.
Amphotericin B in Liposomes: A Novel Therapy for Histoplasmosis 1 (1982)

Incorporation of amphotericin B into liposomes significantly altered its toxicity, tissue distribution, and efficacy. Compared with intravenously administered amphotericin B-desoxycholate, liposome-amphotericin B showed a reduced acute toxicity and a maximal tolerable dose 9 times greater than amphotericin B-desoxycholate. Liposome-amphotericin B also produced higher tissue and lower serum concentrations than amphotericin B-desoxycholate, and was significantly more effective in prolonging survival of mice infected with Histoplasma capsulatum.
ChemInform Abstract: Influence of Defects on the Luminescence Quantum Yield of Y1.94Eu0. 06O3. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Purification and Properties of the Fatty Acid Synthetase from Mycobacterium phlei (1973)

Abstract The fatty acid synthetase from Mycobacterium phlei has been purified 340-fold to homogeneity. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 1.39 x 106. At low concentrations of phosphate buffer (0.005 m), the synthetase dissociates into an enzymatically inactive species (7.65 S) which can be partially reaggregated and reactivated by dialysis against 0.5 m potassium phosphate buffer. The mycobacterial polysaccharides, 3-O-methylmannose-containing polysaccharide (MMP) and 6-O-methylglucose-containing polysaccharide (MGLP), stimulate the fatty acid synthetase markedly. Their presence lowers the Km values for acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA 9-fold and 4-fold, respectively. The polysaccharides also appear to function by altering the rate-limiting step of fatty acid synthesis. MMP stimulates fatty acid synthesis more effectively than MGLP. Various chemical modifications of the polysaccharides do not markedly alter their stimulating activity. Acetyl-CoA is the most effective primer and its concentration affects the degree to which MMP and MGLP stimulate fatty acid synthesis. It is proposed that the polysaccharides function primarily by binding long chain acyl-CoA and thereby relieve product inhibition of the fatty acid synthetase.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity of Furazan‐ and Furoxandiazonium Salts. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effects of providing word sounds during printed word learning (1984)

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of the availability of the\nspoken sound of words along with the printed forms during reading practice. Firstgrade\nchildren from two normal elementary schools practised reading several unfamiliar words in print. For half of the printed words the spoken form was available and was presented when the chiIdren pressed a button. Most children chose to hear the word sounds after they had read the words themselves. In a short-term retention test, words trained with an accompanying sound were read slightly faster than words trained without auditory presentation .
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF 3-OXYPIRIDINE SUCCINATE AND 3-OXYPIRIDINE ACETYLCISTEINATE CARDIOPROTACTIVE PROPERTIES AT EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE MYOCARDIUM INFARCTION (2013)

При остром инфаркте миокарда у крыс исследована кардиопротекторная активность 3-оксипиридина сукцината и 3-оксипиридина ацетилцистеината. Показано, что 3-оксипиридина сукцинат в дозе 50 мг/кг оказывает выраженный кардиопротекторный эффект, выражающийся в уменьшении зоны риска и некроза миокарда и уменьшении морфологических изменений в этих зонах в виде значительного уменьшении ме-жуточного и периваскулярного отека, отсутствия кровоизлияний и уменьшения выраженности клеточной инфильтрации по сравнению с контролем. 3-оксипиридина ацетилцистеинат в дозе 50 мг/кг оказывал менее выраженный кардиопротекторный эффект по сравнению с 3-оксипиридина сукцинатом, что выражалось в менее значительном уменьшении площади ишемии и некроза и сохранении нарушений гемодинамики в миокарде при остром инфаркте миокарда в эксперименте.Ключевые слова
Power Interaction of Laser Lines in He–Cd II White Color Oscillation (1979)

Power interaction between blue (at 4416 A), green (at 5337 A and 5378 A) and red (at 6355 A and 6360 A) laser lines, which correspond to the three optical primary colors, are investigated under simultaneous oscillation in hollow cathode discharge. When green laser lines oscillate together with red laser lines, the output of the green laser lines is more than one-and-a-half times that of single green oscillation because of cascade pumping by the red laser lines. When the 4416 A laser line is caused to oscillate with the green and red laser lines above-mentioned laser lines using white laser mirrors, depression of both red and green laser lines is observed. This is because the 4416 A laser oscillation slightly decreases the number of He (2s1S and 2s3S) atoms and the rate of excitation to the He (np1P and np3P) levels.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Characterization of (η2‐Ethene)hydrido(η5‐pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(trisubstituted‐silyl# )rhodium Complexes; Intermediates in Catalytic Dehydrogenative Silylation Reactions. (1988)

Abstract The title complexes (III) are intermediates in the reversible, thermal and photochemical reaction of the dihydridodisilyl‐Rh complexes (I) with ethylene (II) giving the bis(ethylene) complex (IV).
On the Relation between Block Diagonal Matrices and Compressive Toeplitz Matrices (2011)

In a typical communications problem, Toeplitz matrices Φ arise when modeling the task of determining an unknown impulse response a from a given probe signal φ. When a is sparse, then whenever Φ formed from the probe signal φ satisfy the Restricted Isometry Property (RIP), a can be robustly recovered from its measurements via l1-minimization. In this paper, we derived the RIP for compressive Toeplitz matrices whose number of rows of the matrices J is much smaller than the number of columns N . We show that J should scale like J ∼ S log(N), where S is the sparsity of the impulse response. While this is marginally worse than the state-of-the-art scaling currently achieved in the literature, the novelty of this work comes from making the relation between the Toeplitz matrix of interest to a block diagonal matrix. The proof of the RIP then follows from using recent results on the concentration of measure inequalities of block diagonal matrices, together with a standard covering-and-counting argument.
Which model for future speech recognition systems: Hidden Markov models for finite-state automata? (1994)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: Γ‐ALKOXYALLYLBORONATES AS USEFUL REAGENTS FOR PREPARATION OF DIFFERENTIALLY PROTECTED DIOL DERIVATIVES (1982)

Abstract Aus den Allylethern (I) erhält man über die Zwischenstufe (II) mit den Halogenboronaten (III) die Substitutionsprodukte (IV) und (V), die mit den Aldehyden (VI) vorwiegend die Diole (VII) neben (VIII) ergeben.
The rate of bone ingrowth into porous metal (1976)

Experiments have been devised to study the rate of ingrowth of bone into porous metal with pore sizes up to 100 mu and to study the significance of a gap between the porous metal surface and bone. When the porous coat was in direct apposition with bone, the implant was firmly locked in place after a three week period and the plateau value of implant-tissue shear strength was reached at four weeks. A gap of 1.5 mm between the bone and the implant was bridged by new bone within four weeks.
A Hybrid Neural Network Approach for Automated Classification of Online Documents using a Domain Nonspecific Thesaurus (2003)

Information overloading has become a serious problem due to the exponential growth of the use of the Internet, emails and other online information resources. One of the solutions to this problem is the deployment of an automated classification system so as to provide an efficient means to manage the ever increasing amount of information and documents. A hybrid neural network approach for the automated classification of text –based articles is reported in this paper. In this study, the research has centered on the classification of newsgroup documents (postings) in accordance to the relevant newsgroups. The classification was initially based on the original documents. The documents are then reclassified with replacement of words from a domanin nonspecific thesaurus. Experiments based on over 40,000 news articles have been carried out and the results are found to be compatible in both cases. The technique can be extended to other online documents such as email articles and web pages.
Memory Based Trajectory-conditioned Policies for Learning from Sparse Rewards (2019)

Reinforcement learning with sparse rewards is challenging because an agent can rarely obtain non-zero rewards and hence, gradient-based optimization of parameterized policies can be incremental and slow. Recent work demonstrated that using a memory buffer of previous successful trajectories can result in more effective policies. However, existing methods may overly exploit past successful experiences, which can encourage the agent to adopt sub-optimal and myopic behaviors. In this work, instead of focusing on good experiences with limited diversity, we propose to learn a trajectory-conditioned policy to follow and expand diverse past trajectories from a memory buffer. Our method allows the agent to reach diverse regions in the state space and improve upon the past trajectories to reach new states. We empirically show that our approach significantly outperforms count-based exploration methods (parametric approach) and self-imitation learning (parametric approach with non-parametric memory) on various complex tasks with local optima. In particular, without using expert demonstrations or resetting to arbitrary states, we achieve the state-of-the-art scores under five billion number of frames, on challenging Atari games such as Montezuma's Revenge and Pitfall.
Dipolarophilic Reactivity of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds Towards Nitrile Oxides (1996)

Abstract Mesitonitrile oxide adds to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) such as phenanthrene and pyrene to give mono-cycloadducts. Pyrene does not afford bis-cycloadducts even when a large excess of 1,3-dipole is used. The more reactive benzonitrile oxide does not react with these PACs.
Antibacterial and UV protective properties of polyamide fabric impregnated with TiO2/Ag nanoparticles (2014)

The possibility of in situ photoreduction of Ag+ ions using colloidal TiO2 nanoparticles deposited on the surface of polyamide fabric in the presence of amino acid alanine and methyl alcohol is discussed. The presence of TiO2/Ag nanoparticles on the polyamide fabric was confirmed by FESEM and ICP analyses. Antibacterial activity of the fabric was tested against Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli and Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Fabricated TiO2/Ag nanoparticles on the surface of polyamide fabric provided maximum bacterial reduction and thus, excellent antibacterial activity. In spite of silver leaching from the fabric during washing, impregnated polyamide fabric preserved maximum reduction of Escherichia coli colonies. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus slightly decreased after ten washing cycles, but still antibacterial activity can be considered as satisfactory. In addition, the presence of TiO2/Ag nanoparticles ensured better UV protection efficiency which belongs to very good UV protection category.
Human Herpesvirus 6 Open Reading Frame U14 Protein and Cellular p53 Interact with Each Other and Are Contained in the Virion (2005)

A mass spectroscopic analysis of proteins from human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)-infected cells showed that the HHV-6 U14 protein coimmunoprecipitated with the tumor suppressor p53. The binding of U14 to p53 was verified by coimmunoprecipitation experiments in both Molt-3 cells infected with HHV-6 and 293 cells cotransfected with U14 and p53 expression vectors. Indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAs) showed that by 18 h postinfection (hpi) U14 localized to the dot-like structures observed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm where p53 was partly accumulated. Despite Northern blotting evidence that U14 follows late kinetics, the U14 protein was detected immediately after infection (at 3 hpi) by IFA. In addition, by Western blotting, U14 was detected at 0 hpi or in the presence of cycloheximide which completely abolished the expression of IE1 protein. In addition to U14, p53 was detected at 0 hpi although it was not detected in mock-infected cells. Furthermore, both U14 and p53 were clearly detected in the viral particles by Western blotting and immunoelectron microscopy, supporting the idea that U14 and p53 are incorporated into virions. Our study provides the first evidence of the incorporation of cellular p53 into viral particles and suggests that p53 may play an important role in viral infection.
Gluon chain formation in presence of static charges (2012)

We consider the origins of the gluon chain model. The model serves as a realization of the dynamics of the chromoelectric flux between static quark-antiquark sources. The derivation is based on the large-${N}_{C}$ limit of the Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian in the presence of a background field introduced to model magnetic charge condensation inducing electric confinement.
Reduction of Serum Cholesterol and Hypercholesterolemic Atherosclerosis in Rabbits by Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside Isolated From Flaxseed (1999)

These results suggest that SDG reduced hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis and that this effect was associated with a decrease in serum cholesterol, LDL-C, and lipid peroxidation product and an increase in HDL-C and antioxidant reserve.
Formation of Gold Nanonetworks and Small Gold Nanoparticles by Irradiation of Intense Pulsed Laser onto Gold Nanoparticles (2003)

Gold nanoparticles with an average diameter of ∼20 nm were prepared in water by laser ablation at 1064 nm against a gold metal plate in it. The gold nanoparticles thus prepared in water and those mixed with an aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were irradiated with an intense pulsed laser at 532 nm. The products in the solution were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and optical absorption spectroscopy. The TEM images of the products revealed that gold nanonetworks and much smaller gold nanoparticles were produced selectively by a proper choice of the laser fluence and the SDS concentration. The optical absorption spectra measured simultaneously showed that the gold nanonetworks have an optical absorption in the wavelength longer than 600 nm which is assignable to longitudinal plasma oscillation of the gold nanonetworks, while the smaller gold nanoparticles (clusters) have an absorption band in the visible to the UV region. Taking advantage of those characteristic absorption bands, we constructed a two-dimensional mapping which illustrates the formation of the gold nanonetworks and the smaller nanoparticles as functions of the laser fluence and the SDS concentration.
Differential Induction of Complement Fragment C5a and Inflammatory Cytokines during Intramammary Infections withEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureus (2000)

The prompt recruitment of neutrophils to the site of infection is essential for the defense of the bovine mammary gland against invading pathogens and is determinant for the outcome of the infection. Escherichia coli is known to induce clinical mastitis, characterized by an intense neutrophil recruitment leading to the eradication of the bacteria, whereas Staphylococcus aureus induces subclinical mastitis accompanied by a moderate neutrophil recruitment and the establishment of chronic mastitis. To elicit the neutrophil recruitment into the udder, inflammatory mediators must be produced after recognition of the invading pathogen. To our knowledge, those mediators have never been studied during S. aureus mastitis, although understanding of the neutrophil recruitment mechanisms could allow a better understanding of the differences in the pathogeneses elicited by E. coli and S. aureus. Therefore, we studied, at several time points, the accumulation of neutrophils and the presence of the chemoattractant complement fragment C5a and of the cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-8 in milk after inoculation of E. coli or S. aureus in lactating bovine udders. The low levels of C5a and the absence of cytokines in milk from S. aureus-infected cows, compared to the high levels found in milk from E. coli-infected animals, mirror the differences in the severities of the two inflammatory reactions. The cytokine deficit in milk after S. aureus inoculation in the lactating bovine mammary gland could contribute to the establishment of chronic mastitis. This result could help in the design of preventive or curative strategies against chronic mastitis.
Editorial Comment (2018)

No AccessJournal of UrologyNew Technology and Techniques1 Dec 2018Editorial Comment Michael W. Kattan Michael W. KattanMichael W. Kattan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.06.103AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Editorial Comment." The Journal of Urology, 200(6), p. 1377 References 1 : Comparison of Cox regression with other methods for determining prediction models and nomograms. J Urol2003; 170: S6. Link, Google Scholar 2 : On the misuses of artificial neural networks for prognostic and diagnostic classification in oncology. Stat Med2000; 19: 541. Google Scholar © 2018 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 200Issue 6December 2018Page: 1377 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2018 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Michael W. Kattan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
A novel state model for 5G Radio Access Networks (2016)

With the trends towards Internet of Things (IoT) and massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC) it is expected that the 5th Generation of mobile communications (5G) will have a significant amount of battery powered devices (e.g. sensors, baggage tags, etc.). Therefore, battery efficiency and duration will be essential, especially for those devices in remote locations and/or restricted areas. It would be difficult to predict all the 5G use cases, for example, that may arise from IoT however it is expected that for some of these the tradeoff between efficient power savings modes and low-latency system access might be essential. In order to solve this tradeoff, called herein User Equipment (UE) sleeping problem, the paper proposes a novel state model for 5G Radio Access Networks (RAN) that relies on a novel state called “connected inactive” where both the UE and the network does not throw away context information. The state is envisioned to be highly configurable in order to address unpredictable use cases possibly with different requirements. It is shown via protocol signaling diagrams that that the proposed solution enables a quick and lightweight transition from inactive to active data transmission.
Modelling soil water redistribution in unsaturated zone during evaporation process (2014)

A continuum model is adopted for describing a porous skeleton whose pore space is assumed to be partly saturated by a wetting fluid (w) and a gaseous mixture of vapor and dry air (a). The wetting fluid is required to be incompressible and the effect of the partial saturation is described by introducing the degree of saturation Sr. The poromechanical constitutive model, capable for describing the behavior of partially saturated soils will be deduced extending classical thermodynamical arguments. Following Houlsby (1997) and Coussy (2010), the dissipation and consequently the Clausius-Duhem inequality is:− − −+11 ρ φ, ρ φ,⎜σp bM p−a bMd dtp d dtd dtε φ φa+ + − ≥ ,Ψ 0 (1)1 INTRODUCTIONThe behavior of two partially saturated geomaterials is compared and analyzed in terms of the stress paths induced by rainfall infiltration. We distinguish between a coarse and a fine-grained material, specifying on one hand different physical and mechanical properties, on the other different hydraulic characteristics. Within this context partial saturation is expected to strongly affect the constitutive law of the overall porous medium, in terms of its elasto-plastic behavior, retention properties and the permeability of the skeleton.