gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Collective Protection Filters for Emerging TIC Requirements: Axial and Radial-Flow Filter Designs (2007)

Abstract : Adsorbents have recently been developed for enhanced protection against toxic industrial chemicals such as ammonia, ethylene oxide, and nitrogen dioxide. Current collective protection filters employing ASZM-TEDA, an adsorbent developed for' heavy organic and acid-forming chemicals, seriously lack protection against these chemicals and other toxic industrial materials. ibis report explores the development of novel collective protection filters in multiple configurations employing a layered bed of ASZM-TEDA and newly developed zeolites.
Plasma PH<inf>3</inf>-passivated high mobility inversion InGaAs MOSFET fabricated with self-aligned gate-first process and HfO<inf>2</inf>/TaN gate stack (2008)

N-type InGaAs MOS devices are fabricated using HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /TaN and HfAlO/TaN gate stacks. Both direct deposition and novel in-situ plasma PH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> surface passivation are compared. The PH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> -passivated MOS capacitances shows high performance with EOT=1.7 <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">~</sub> 3.0 nm, J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> =2times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> =2 V. After RTA, gate stack maintains stable with excellent C-V frequency dispersion of 1.3%. Silicon implanted InGaAs achieves good n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -p rectifying characteristic and low resistivity in the n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> S/D by 600degC RTA. Inversion-mode nMOSFET exhibits remarkable enhancement with the PH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> -passivation. It shows an excellent S.S.=96 mV/dec and mu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> =1600 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs. There is significant reduction in S.S. and leap in drain current comparing to the recent reported inversion-mode III-V MOSFET and unpassivated control samples. In addition, sub 100 nm InGaAs MOSFET with the self-aligned gate-first process is demonstrated for the first time.
Eine neue Synthese von Thymosin α1 (1988)

A New Synthesis of Thymosin α 1 Thymosin α 1 , an N ‐acetylated octacosa thymus peptide, isolated first from thymosin fraction 5, is synthesized by the solid phase method using the p ‐benzyloxybenzyl alcohol/polystyrene/divinylbenzene resin, N α ‐Fmoc‐amino acids and those with tert ‐butyl or Boc side chain protection. All couplings are performed with the Bop reagent. The peptide is purified by a combination of gel chromatography and preparative HPLC, its purity checked by amino acid analysis and analytical HPLC, and the biological activity tested by the E‐rosette assay.
Brain metastasis from colorectal cancer: Prognostic factors and survival (2012)

The prognosis of patients with BM from CRC was associated with the curability of the therapy for BM, number of metastatic organs, and the serum CEA level. The modality of treatment had no significant impact on the outcome.
Scalable IoT/M2M Platforms Based on Kubernetes-Enabled NFV MANO Architecture (2019)

The Internet of Things (IoT) brings a huge impact to our daily life in recent years. It is anticipated that tens of millions of IoT/M2M (Machine to Machine) devices will be connected to the IoT/M2M platforms hosted in the cloud. In this research, we realize scalable IoT/M2M systems in the OpenStack cloud based on Kubernetes-enabled NFV (Network Function Virtualization) MANO (Management ANd Orchestration) architecture. Our research leverages NFV MANO supported by OpenStack Tacker to achieve the scalability of IoT/M2M platforms. The scaling functionalities are based on Kubernetes in which CNF (Container-based Network Functions) will be scaled out/in. In addition, a Master Node and a Load Balancer Node are designed for scalability supervision and for fair traffic distribution, respectively, among virtualized IoT/M2M servers in the cloud. We compare our proposed system with those NFV platforms without Kubernetes and validate that our proposed system achieves better scalability by reducing the overall scaling time and computational cost of a group of IoT/M2M servers.
Comparing TopkLists (2003)

Motivated by several applications, we introduce various distance measures between "top k lists." Some of these distance measures are metrics, while others are not. For each of these latter distance measures, we show that they are "almost" a metric in the following two seemingly unrelated aspects: (i) they satisfy a relaxed version of the polygonal (hence, triangle) inequality, and (ii) there is a metric with positive constant multiples that bound our measure above and below. This is not a coincidence---we show that these two notions of almost being a metric are the same. Based on the second notion, we define two distance measures to be equivalent if they are bounded above and below by constant multiples of each other. We thereby identify a large and robust equivalence class of distance measures. Besides the applications to the task of identifying good notions of (dis)similarity between two top k lists, our results imply polynomial-time constant-factor approximation algorithms for the rank aggregation problem with respect to a large class of distance measures. (A correction for this article has been appended to the pdf file.)
Three-dimensional focus shaping of partially coherent circularly polarized vortex beams using a binary optic (2015)

The three-dimensional (3D) focus shaping technique using the combination of partially coherent circularly polarized vortex beams with a binary diffractive optical element (DOE) is reported. It is found that the intensity distribution near the focus can be tailored in three dimensions by appropriately adjusting the parameters of the incident beams, numerical aperture of the objective lens, and the design of the DOE. Numerical results show that partially coherent circularly polarized vortex beams can be used to generate several special beam patterns, such as optical chain, optical needle, optical dark channel, flat-topped field, and 3D optical cage. Furthermore, compared with the ordinary 3D optical cage, this kind of 3D optical cage generated by our method has a controllable switch; that is, it can be easy to 'open' and 'close' by controlling the coherence length of the incident beams. Our work may find valuable applications in optical tweezers, microscopes, laser processing, and so on.
Low-Dose Total Skin Electron Beam Therapy as Part of a Multimodality Regimen for Treatment of Sézary Syndrome (2020)

We describe 3 patients who achieved long-term clinical and molecular remissions following low-dose TSEBT as part of a multimodality regimen for treatment of SS. As long-term remissions in SS are uncommon, this approach demonstrates promise, and clinical trials should be considered.
Neuropeptidases as sites of peptide regulation by dopaminergic drugs (1996)

Antipsychotic drugs have been previously shown to affect the level and mRNA of specific neuropeptides. The effects of these drugs on the activity and function of peptide-degrading enzymes, or neuropeptidases, have not been systematically characterized. In the present studies, the effects of antipsychotics and other dopaminergic drugs on the degradation of neuropeptides that regulate dopamine neurons, activity of specific neuropeptidases and levels of neuropeptidase mRNA in rat brain regions were determined. Subchronic (7 day) administration of the antipsychotic and dopamine receptor antagonists, haloperidol (1 mg/kg) and chlorpromazine (20 mg/kg) regionally decreased whereas the dopamine receptor agonist, apomorphine (5 mg/kg, every 12 hr), increased the degradation of substance P and met-enkephalin on intact, rat brain slices. Cholecystokinin degradation was not affected by any drug treatment studied. Studies performed with specific neuropeptidase inhibitors provided evidence that neutral endopeptidase 24.11, aminopeptidase N, metalloendopeptidase 24.15 and angiotensin converting enzyme degrade substance P and/or met-enkephalin and may be affected in vivo by dopaminergic drug treatment. Therefore, the activity of these neuropeptidases was determined using specific enzyme assays on regional, P2 membranes after drug administration. Subchronic administration of haloperidol and apomorphine differentially affected the activity of aminopeptidase N and neutral endopeptidase 24.11. The activity of metalloendopeptidase 24.15 and angiotensin converting enzyme was largely unaffected by experimental treatments. Determination of the molecular mechanism of the drug-induced alterations in aminopeptidase N and neutral endopeptidase 24.11 activity was attempted by analyzing neuropeptidase mRNA levels. RNase protection assays showed only an increase in aminopeptidase N mRNA in the caudate-putamen after apomorphine administration, where the largest drug-induced alteration in neuropeptidase activity was also observed. Therefore, changes in neuropeptidase gene transcription may play a role in altered neuropeptidase activity. However, it is likely that alterations in post-transcriptional events have a larger role in the effects observed during the present studies. The present work demonstrates further alterations in neuropeptide systems induced by drugs that interact with dopaminergic receptors. In view of the regulatory actions of neuropeptides on dopamine neurons, alterations in the activity and function of neuropeptidases, and thus neuropeptide degradation can, in turn, play a role in modulating brain dopaminergic activity.
Guided Tissue Regeneration Using Bioresorbable and Non‐Resorbable Devices: Initial Healing and Long‐Term Results (1993)

Studies on periodontal wound healing have resulted in the development of the treatment modality known as "guided tissue regeneration" (GTR) based on a principle of guiding the proliferation of the various periodontal tissue components during healing following periodontal surgery. The first report of a human tooth treated according to the principle of GTR was presented 10 years ago by Nyman et al. Since then numerous clinical studies and animal experiments have been performed bringing the concept of GTR to a clinical reality. We also know that the results obtained through GTR therapy can be maintained on a long-term basis. The first generation of GTR devices has been non-resorbable, which calls for a second surgical procedure. This is avoided when bioresorbable devices become available. This paper suggests some demands regarding safety and efficacy criteria for both non-resorbable and bioresorbable devices. Results from recent animal experiments and clinical studies following the use of a bioresorbable device in GTR therapy are presented. J Periodontol 1993; 64:1157-1165.
Th17 cytokines and arthritis (2010)

Th17 cells are implicated in human autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), although it has not been established whether this persistent destructive arthritis is driven by Th1 and/or Th17 cells. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) contributes to the pathogenesis of arthritis as has been shown in several experimental arthritis models. Importantly, recent data from first clinical trials with anti-IL-17A antibody treatment in psoriatic arthritis patients and RA patients looks promising. This review summarizes the findings about the role of Th17 cells in arthritis and discusses the impact of the different Th17 cytokines in the pathogenesis of this disease. However, further studies are needed to unravel the interplay between IL-17A and other Th17 cytokines such as IL-17F, IL-22, and IL-21 in the pathoimmunological process of this crippling disease, in particular, whether regulating Th17 cell activity or specific combinations of Th17 cytokines will have additional value compared to neutralizing IL-17A activity alone. Moreover, tumor necrosis factor-positive Th17 cells are discussed as potential dangerous cells in driving persistent arthritis in human early RA.
Formation of dominant mode by evolution in biological systems (2018)

A reduction in high-dimensional phenotypic states to a few degrees of freedom is essential to understand biological systems. Here, we show evolutionary robustness causes such reduction which restricts possible phenotypic changes in response to a variety of environmental conditions. First, global protein expression changes in Escherichia coli after various environmental perturbations were shown to be proportional across components, across different types of environmental conditions. To examine if such dimension reduction is a result of evolution, we analyzed a cell model-with a huge number of components, that reproduces itself via a catalytic reaction network-and confirmed that common proportionality in the concentrations of all components is shaped through evolutionary processes. We found that the changes in concentration across all components in response to environmental and evolutionary changes are constrained to the changes along a one-dimensional major axis, within a huge-dimensional state space. On the basis of these observations, we propose a theory in which such constraints in phenotypic changes are achieved both by evolutionary robustness and plasticity and formulate this proposition in terms of dynamical systems. Accordingly, broad experimental and numerical results on phenotypic changes caused by evolution and adaptation are coherently explained.
Effect of cell-mediated immune factors on the replication of an attenuated temperature-sensitive mutant of vaccinia virus (1979)

Studies of the in vivo multiplication of an attenuated temperature-sensitive strain of vaccinia virus (ts2) indicated that temperature sensitivity alone could not account for the attenuation. Immunodepressive treatment of intracerebrally inoculated mice had a dramatic stimulatory effect on the multiplication of the attenuated strain and suggested that establishment of ts2 infection in the mice was hindered by host defense mechanisms mediated by cellular elements. Experiments carried out in vitro with the 51Cr release assay showed that cells infected with the ts2 mutant represented more susceptible targets to the cytotoxic action of immune spleen cells than cells infected with the parent vaccinia strain. Moreover, it appeared that ts2 replication, compared with wild-type replication in vitro, was more inhibited by the immune spleen cells. Although this work did not evaluate the role of specifically sensitized lymphocytes within the lesions, indirect evidence suggests that lymphocytes could cause a more effective halt in ts2 virus multiplication than in wild-type multiplication.
Subdivision of O serotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with monoclonal antibodies (1988)

Sixteen murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against serotypes O2, O5, and O16 (serogroup II) and subtypes O2b and O5d of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated by agglutination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Six MAbs that exhibited different specificities were compared with absorbed rabbit O-type antisera for the serotyping of 55 clinical isolates of serogroup II. There was good agreement between the antibodies for strains of serotypes O2 and O2b, but MAbs revealed reproducible differences between strains that were indistinguishable with rabbit antisera. The greater serotype specificity of MAbs was illustrated by the fact that only 5 of 20 strains which were agglutinated by rabbit antiserum O16 reacted with the MAb to that serotype. One antibody, M89, that reacted with 27 of 55 serogroup II strains, apparently bound to core lipopolysaccharide epitopes. Three MAbs to the frequent serotype O6 identified six subtypes, one of which accounted for over half of the clinical strains, while two subtypes were represented by single strains only. Overall, MAbs provided a greater discrimination between strains of P. aeruginosa of the same serotype than did absorbed polyclonal antisera.
Design, Syntheses, and Evaluations of Bicyclomycin-Based Rho Inactivators (1997)

The commercial antibiotic bicyclomycin (1) has been shown to target the essential transcriptional termination factor rho in Escherichia coli. Little is known, however, about the bicyclomycin binding site in rho. A recent structure−activity relationship study permitted us to design modified bicyclomycins that may irreversibly inactivate rho. The four compounds selected were C(5a)-(4-azidoanilino)dihydrobicyclomycin (3), C(5a)-(3-formylanilino)dihydrobicyclomycin (4), C(5)−norbicyclomycin C(5)-O-(4-azidobenzoate) (5), and C(5)-norbicyclomycin C(5)-O-(3-formylbenzoate) (6). In each of these compounds the inactivating unit was placed at the C(5)−C(5a) site in bicyclomycin. In compounds 3 and 5 an aryl azide moiety was used as a photoaffinity label whereas in 4 and 6 an aryl aldehyde group was employed as a reductive amination probe. The synthesis and spectral properties of 3−6 are described. Chemical studies demonstrated that 3 and 4 were stable in D2O and CD3OD (room temperature, 7 d), while 5 and 6 underwent significant change within 1 d. Biochemical investigations showed that 3 and 4 retained appreciable inhibitory activities in rho-dependent ATPase and transcription termination assays. In the ATPase assay, I50 values for 1, 3, and 4 were 60, 135, and 70 μM, respectively. Correspondingly, the I50 values for 5 and 6 were >400 and 225 μM, respectively. In the transcription termination assay, compounds 1, 3, and 4 all prevented (≥97%) the production of rho-dependent transcripts at 40 μM, whereas little (≤15%) inhibition of transcription termination was observed for 5 and 6 at this concentration. Antimicrobial evaluation of 3−6 showed that none of the four compounds exhibited antibiotic activity at 32 mg/mL or less against W3350 E. coli. The combined chemical and biochemical studies led to our further evaluation of 3 and 4. Photochemical irradiation (254 nm) of 3 in the presence of rho led to a 29−32% loss of rho ATPase activity. Attempts to confirm the irreversible adduction of 3 to rho by electrospray mass spectrometry were unsuccessful. No higher molecular weight adducts were detected. Incubation of rho with 4 at room temperature (4 h) followed by the addition of NaBH4 led to significant losses (>62%) of rho ATPase activity. Analyses of the 4−rho modified adduct showed appreciable levels of adduction (∼40%). Mass spectrometric analyses indicated a molecular weight for the adduct of approximately 47 410, consistent with a modification of a rho lysine residue by 4. Compound 4 was selected for additional studies.
Studies of optical and crystal properties of ALD grown ZnO (2011)

In this paper, we report structural and photoluminescence properties of ZnO thin films grown on single crystal ZnO substrates by means of Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD).
Thermoelectric properties of thallium-filled skutterudites (2000)

Crystallographic data, electrical and thermal transport measurements, and heat-capacity data are reported for several compounds with the filled skutterudite structure: ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{x}{\mathrm{Co}}_{4\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{y}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{12}$ and ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{x}{\mathrm{Co}}_{4}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{12\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{y},$ where $0&lt;(x,y)&lt;1$ and $x\ensuremath{\approx}y.$ These materials have potential use for thermoelectric power generation. The Tl atomic displacement parameters (ADP's) are large relative to the other elements in the compounds indicating substantial ``rattling'' of the Tl about its equilibrium position. A simple analysis of the ADP's and low-temperature heat-capacity data indicate an Einstein temperature for the Tl of 53\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2 K. The resonant scattering of acoustic phonons by the Tl ``rattlers'' are believed to be the major cause of the rapid decrease in the lattice thermal conductivity as small amounts of Tl are inserted into the voids of the skutterudite structure. Thermal and electrical transport are investigated as a function of the void filling with monovalent Tl and they are compared to previous data reported for partial filling with trivalent rare-earth ions. For comparable filling fractions, the Tl compounds had higher electron mobilities and a similar depression of the thermal conductivity. Unlike the rare-earth skutterudites, however, within experimental error there was no evidence of mass-fluctuation scattering and the minimum thermal conductivity occurred near complete void filling. At elevated temperatures (800 K), the maximum thermoelectric figure of merit, ZT, for n-type samples is estimated from room-temperature data to be about 0.8 for both Tl-filled and rare-earth-filled ${\mathrm{Co}}_{4}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{12}.$
Dispersion aspects of periodically amplified soliton transmission systems (1995)

This thesis presents improvements to optical transmission systems through the use of optical solitons as a digital transmission format, both theoretically and experimentally. An introduction to the main concepts and impairments of optical fibre on pulse transmission is included before introducing the concept of solitons in optically amplified communications and the problems of soliton system design. The theoretical work studies two fibre dispersion profiling schemes and a soliton launch improvement. The first provides superior pulse transmission by optimally tailoring the fibre dispersion to better follow the power, and hence nonlinearity, decay and thus allow soliton transmission for longer amplifier spacings and shorter pulse widths than normally possible. The second profiling scheme examines the use of dispersion compensating fibre in the context of soliton transmission over existing, standard fibre systems. The limits for solitons in uncompensated standard fibre are assessed, before the potential benefits of dispersion compensating fibre included as part of each amplifier are shown. The third theoretical investigation provides a simple improvement to the propagation of solitons in a highly perturbed system. By introducing a section of fibre of the correct length prior to the first system amplifier span, the soliton shape can be better coupled into the system thus providing an improved "average soliton" propagation model. The experimental work covers two areas. An important issue for soliton systems is pulse sources. Three potential lasers are studied, two ring laser configurations and one semiconductor device with external pulse shaping. The second area studies soliton transmission using a recalculating loop, reviewing the advantages and draw-backs of such an experiment in system testing and design. One particular example of employing the recirculating loop is also examined, using a novel method of pulse shape stabilisation over long distances with low jitter. The future for nonlinear optical communications is considered with the thesis conclusions.