gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Entacapone is beneficial in both fluctuating and non-fluctuating patients with Parkinson's disease: a randomised, placebo controlled, double blind, six month study (2003)

The ability of entacapone to provide additional benefits to levodopa treatment in increasing ON time in fluctuating Parkinson's disease patients was confirmed. A novel finding was that patients without fluctuations also obtained benefit from the addition of entacapone to their levodopa treatment, as evidenced by improved ADL scores and a relatively reduced levodopa requirement.
Investigations Towards the Synthesis of (‐)‐Coprinolone, via a Thermal 8π—6π Electrocyclization Cascade of 1,5,7‐Trien‐4‐ones. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
RF Planar Ferromagnetic Inductors on Silicon (2004)

Two-port coplanar ferromagnetic inductors using solid magnetic planes were fabricated on silicon. L, R, and Q measurements are presented. Cutoff frequencies exceed 10 GHz, indicating no capacitance limitation. The increase in L over the air-core value is /spl sim/15%, and the quality factor Q is of /spl sim/10 up to 1.5 GHz. The inductance scales with HA-alignment and spiral excitation ratio. Agreement with High-Frequency Structure Simulator simulations including ferromagnetic resonance led to a better understanding in terms of L and Q. Current increase in L is limited by the film thickness (0.2 /spl mu/m). Thicker films (0.5-1 /spl mu/m) would lead to larger gain over L (23% to 31%) with similar Q (/spl sim/10). The restriction in Q from the air-core inductor consists in magnetic losses but not only. Another contribution would come from anomalous ohmic losses from the spiral itself enhanced by the proximity of the magnetic planes.
2D Layered Perovskites: Surface Effect on 2D Hybrid Perovskite Crystals: Perovskites Using an Ethanolamine Organic Layer as an Example (Adv. Mater. 46/2018) (2018)

In article number 1804372, Jr-Hau He and co-workers study the influences of the surface effect of 2D layered perovskites before and after mechanical exfoliation. The smooth 2D perovskite is less sensitive to ambient moisture and exhibits a considerably low dark current. This work reveals the strong dependence of the surface condition of 2D hybrid perovskite crystals on their moisture stability and optoelectronic properties.
Immune responses in the Parkinson's disease brain (2022)

Immune changes occur in all neurodegenerative conditions, but there are significant differences between diseases. For Parkinson's disease (PD), the immune system involvement is still being identified with considerable promise for therapeutic targeting. Post-mortem analyses of PD patient brains and pre-clinical cell and rodent models of PD identify increased inflammation in the brain and an elevation in central and peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines. The cells involved include activated microglia surrounding degenerating neurons, currently thought to be neuroprotective in early disease stages but detrimental at later stages. Very different astrocytic reactions are found in the PD brain compared to other neurodegenerative conditions, with a loss of normal astrocyte functions contributing to a neurotoxic or dysfunctional phenotype (rather than classical astrogliosis found in all other neurodegenerative conditions). Astrocytes in PD are also actively involved in clearing α-synuclein away from vulnerable neurons, but the eventual accumulation of α-synuclein in their cytoplasm promotes a pro-inflammatory response and contributes to their dysfunctional phenotype and the spreading of PD pathology. Infiltration of peripheral immune cells also occurs in the PD brain, particularly T cells and monocytes. Both CD4 and CD8 T cells occur in regions of cell loss, with cytotoxic CD8 T cells occurring in the earliest stages and CD4 T helper cells occurring with disease progression. Current evidence points towards infiltrating monocytes as also playing a role in neuron death. Further characterisation of the successive molecular changes in both the resident and peripheral immune cells invading the PD brain will provide targets for disease modification.
Robust transmission of video sequence using double-vector motion compensation (2001)

This paper proposes a motion compensation (MC) algorithm for robust transmission of video sequence, called the double-vector motion compensation (DMC). In the DMC, each block B in a frame is predicted from the weighted superposition of two blocks in the previous two frames, using two motion vectors. Therefore, when one of these two blocks is corrupted during the transmission, the decoder can efficiently suppress its error propagation to the subsequent frames, by predicting B only from the other block. It is shown by analysis that the DMC algorithm yields significantly lower error bounds for the subsequent frames than the conventional MC technique. Furthermore, the DMC algorithm can be combined with an effective concealment algorithm, which is capable of recovering very severe transmission errors, such as loss of an entire frame. A complete video coder, based on the DMC, is implemented by modifying the MC syntax of the H.263 standard and tested intensively in a realistic error prone environment. It is shown that the proposed algorithm provides much better objective and subjective performances than the H.263 coder in the error-prone environment.
The trabecular mesh: a mathematical analysis. (1980)

The corneoscleral trabecular meshwork is a three-dimensional net of diagonally crossing collagenous fiber invested in endothelium. Tension on the mesh should cause it to tend to bow inward and hold Schlemm's canal open. Inward bowing is restrained by attachment of the outer mesh to the corneosclera, by meridional uveal mesh fibers, and by resistance to mesh element crossing to deformation. A lamella of meshwork is analyzed from a geometrical point of view, and it is found that even were the mesh free to assume an inward bowed hyperboloidal shape, the spur movement required to change mesh configuration from that of a cone frustum to hyperboloid would be only 0.047 mm and not readily recognizable gonioscopically.
Cutaneous cytomegalovirus – A case of disseminated cytomegalovirus presenting with extensive ulcerative skin lesions in a renal transplant recipient (2021)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is common in organ transplant recipients and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Cutaneous CMV findings are rarely reported in the literature and diagnosis can be delayed if not clinically recognized. We describe a case of a female patient 20 years post renal transplant who presented with extensive ulcerative skin lesions and diarrhea. She rapidly deteriorated and died on day 5 of hospitalization. Autopsy noted extensive CMV involvement of skin and gastrointestinal (GI) tract by CMV-specific immunohistochemistry. These findings, along with high-grade CMV viremia, led to the final postmortem diagnosis of disseminated CMV infection. This case focuses on the cutaneous findings of disseminated CMV as recognition of CMV skin lesions can lead to earlier initiation of appropriate therapy in transplant recipients.
Porphyria cutanea tarda and porphyria variegata unmasked by viral hepatitis (1985)

We present two patients–one with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) and one with porphyria variegata (PV)–whose clinical manifestations of porphyria first appeared during attacks of hepatitis.
Shape memory effect of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (1999)

Crosslinked ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers with VA content of 28% by weight were prepared by a two-step method by evenly dispersing the crosslinking agent (dicumyl peroxide) into the EVA matrix and then crosslinking at elevated temperatures. The crosslinking features of the samples were analyzed by Soxhlet extraction with xylene and dynamic mechanical measurements. All the samples were crystalline at room temperature, and the chemical crosslinks seemed to have little effect on the melting behavior of polyethylene segment crystals in the EVA copolymers. The shape recovery results indicated that only those specimens that had a sufficiently high crosslinking degree (gel content higher than about 30%) were able to show the typical shape memory effect, a large recoverable strain, and a high final recovery rate. The degree of crosslinking can be influenced by the amount of the peroxide and the time and temperature of the reaction. The response temperature of the recovery effect (about 61°C) was related to the melting point of the samples. The EVA shape memory polymer was characterized by its low recovery speed that resulted from the wide melting range of the polyethylene segment crystals. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 1063–1070, 1999
High-performance all-fiber Fabry-Perot filters with superimposed chirped Bragg gratings (2003)

The performance of large-band Fabry-Perot (FP) filters is investigated through numerical simulations and experimental realization. The limitations of the filters are studied theoretically to determine the impact of the chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG) imperfections on spectral variations of the free spectral range (FSR), finesse, transmission loss, and polarization dependent loss (PDL). All-fiber FP devices are realized experimentally with finesse reaching 240 and covering a spectral band of 26 nm. For finesse up to 80, the filters present acceptable performance in terms of spectral variations of FSR (±3%), finesse, attenuation (±0.5 dB), PDL (<0.2 dB), and insertion loss (<3 dB).
MAVSec: Securing the MAVLink Protocol for Ardupilot/PX4 Unmanned Aerial Systems (2019)

The MAVLink is a lightweight communication protocol between Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and ground control stations (GCSs). It defines a set of bi-directional messages exchanged between a UAV (aka drone) and a ground station. The messages carry out information about the UAV's states and control commands sent from the ground station. However, the MAVLink protocol is not secure and has several vulnerabilities to different attacks that result in critical threats and safety concerns. Very few studies provided solutions to this problem. In this paper, we discuss the security vulnerabilities of the MAVLink protocol and propose MAVSec, a security-integrated mechanism for MAVLink that leverages the use of encryption algorithms to ensure the protection of exchanged MAVLink messages between UAVs and GCSs. To validate MAVSec, we implemented it in Ardupilot and evaluated the performance of different encryption algorithms (i.e. AES-CBC, AES-CTR, RC4 and ChaCha20) in terms of memory usage and CPU consumption. The experimental results show that ChaCha20 has a better performance and is more efficient than other encryption algorithms. Integrating ChaCha20 into MAVLink can guarantee its messages confidentiality, without affecting its performance, while occupying less memory and CPU consumption, thus, preserving memory and saving the battery for the resource-constrained drone.
CW and ultrafast properties of GaAs-AlGaAs core-shell nanowire lasers on silicon (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Wavelength scale coherent optical sources are vital for a wide range of applications in nanophotonics ranging from metrology and sensing to nonlinear frequency generation and optical switching. In these respects, semiconductor nanowires (NWs) are of particular interest since they represent the ultimate limit of downscaling for photonic lasers with dielectric resonators. By virtue of their unique one-dimensional geometry NW-lasers combine ultra-high modal gain, support low-loss guided modes and facilitate low threshold lasing tuneable across the UV, visible and near infra-red spectral regions. Recently, optically pumped NW lasers have been demonstrated at room temperature and they can now be site-selectively integrated onto silicon substrates. While the fundamental carrier relaxation and gain dynamics of NW-lasers have been explored, the coherent dynamics have hitherto received comparatively little attention. In this contribution, we demonstrate that GaAs-AlGaAs core-shell nanowire lasers grown on silicon are capable of emitting pairs of phase-locked picosecond laser pulses when subject to incoherent pulsed optical excitation. By probing the two-pulse interference that emerges within the homogeneously broadened laser emission, we show that pulse pairs remain mutually coherent over timescales extending beyond ~30ps, much longer than the emitted laser pulse duration (~3 ps). Simulations performed by solving the optical Bloch equations produce good quantitative agreement with experiments, revealing how the phase information is stored in the gain medium close to transparency.
Integrated MR‐laparoscopy system with respiratory synchronization for minimally invasive liver surgery (2009)

The MR-imaging and synchronization function of the proposed system seemed to be helpful for laparoscopic surgery.
Chemical structure and sweet taste of isocoumarin and related compounds. IX. (1977)

Structural modification of the phenyl moiety (A moiety) of β-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) ethylbenzene (I), which constitute an essential part of phyllodulcin molecules, was attempted to make the relationship between structure and sweet taste clearer. Twenty-four derivatives of A moiety of I were synthesized, the compound (II, IV, V, VI, X, XXII, XXIII, and XXVI) revealed sweet taste and the other compounds were tasteless. On the basis of these data, the taste of these compounds were discussed in connection with the stereochemical hindrance effect of substituents.
trans -10, cis -12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Inhibits the G1–S Cell Cycle Progression in DU145 Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells (2006)

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a group of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid, and has evidenced anti-cancer activities in experimental animal cancer models and in vitro studies. The two predominant isomers of CLA are cis-9,trans-11 CLA (c9t11) and trans-10,cis-12 CLA (t10c12). The present study was performed to study the effect of the individual CLA isomers on DU145 cell growth. The cells were incubated in serum-free medium with different concentrations of the fatty acids. Treatment of cells with t10c12 (at 2.5-10 micromol/L) resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the numbers of viable cells, whereas c9t11 CLA at a concentration of 5 micromol/L slightly increased viable cell numbers at 3 days (P < .05). DNA flow cytometric analysis revealed that the treatment of DU145 cells with t10c12 for 24 hours induced a small but significant increase in the number of cells in the G1 phase, accompanied by a complementary decrease in cells in the S phase. c9t, however, had no effect on cell cycle progression. To determine the molecular mechanisms underlying t10c12-induced G1 arrest, the levels of cell cycle regulatory proteins were estimated by western blot analyses. t10c12 induced a marked increase in p21(CIP1/WAF1) protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. p27(KIP1) was not affected by t10c12. t10c12 moderately decreased cyclin A and cyclin D1 protein levels (P > .05). However, t10c12 did not affect the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, CDK4, or cyclin E. t10c12 increased p21(CIP1/WAF1) bound to CDK2 and attenuated CDK2 activity. These results indicate that t10c12-induced p21(CIP1/WAF1) binds to CDK, and inhibits the activity of this enzyme, which results in the observed decrease in the G1-S progression in DU145 cells.
Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Results From the Finnish Maternity Cohort (2023)

CT infection was not associated with EOC risk, with associations observed only for MG and mucinous EOC. Mechanisms linking MG to mucinous EOC remain to be elucidated.
Cryosectioning Tissues (2008)

INTRODUCTIONCryosections are rapidly and relatively easily prepared prior to fixation, and they provide a good system for visualizing fine details of the cell. Although cryosections are physically less stable than paraffin- or resin-embedded sections, they are generally superior for the preservation of antigenicity and therefore the detection of antigens by microscopy. The preparation of cryosections does not involve the dehydration steps typical of other sectioning methods, and, furthermore, sectioning, labeling, and observation of specimens can usually be carried out in one day. In general, the sample is frozen quickly in either isopentane or liquid nitrogen. (Small samples such as cells and small tissues may be mixed in a slurry of an inert support medium such as optimal cutting temperature [OCT] compound before freezing). Rapid freezing reduces ice crystal formation and minimizes morphological damage. Frozen sections may be used for a variety of procedures, including immunochemistry, enzymatic detection, and in situ hybridization. A protocol for cryosectioning is presented here.
The adult respiratory distress syndrome: first trials with surfactant replacement. (1989)

Following diverse insults, patients may develop a high permeability lung oedema which results in tachypnoea, cyanosis, hypoxaemia, and pan-lobar infiltrates on the chest radiograph. Although a variety of interventional therapies have been evaluated, none has been found effective, and current treatments are entirely supportive. Recently, cellular and biochemical analyses of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid have disclosed abnormalities which suggest that acute inflammatory events and surfactant abnormalities are present in the lungs of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The similarities to abnormalities seen in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome are striking. Treatment of those infants with surfactant replacement has been of both short-term and long-term benefit. Therefore, it is rational to investigate the benefits which surfactant administration may have for patients with ARDS. We present an overview of ARDS, and our initial experience with surfactant replacement in three patients.
Post-cholecystectomy symptoms were caused by persistence of a functional gastrointestinal disorder (2012)

Only one third of patients with FGID experienced postoperative relief, indicating that FGID was a dominant cause of post-cholecystectomy symptoms.
Systemic Vasculitis Associated With Eosinophilia and Marked Degranulation of Tissue Eosinophils (1988)

A 9-year-old girl had fever, life-threatening interstitial pneumonia, a vesicular skin rash, parotid and submandibular swelling, and marked blood eosinophilia (WBC count 47,000/µL, 39% eosinophils). Results of lung and skin biopsies showed vasculitis with intense eosinophil infiltration. Immunofluorescence analyses of these biopsies, as well as analysis of tissue from the parotid, lip, and trachea, showed striking deposition of eosinophil granule major basic protein associated with areas of tissue damage. Treatment with glucocorticoids and hydroxyurea produced clinical improvement. The association between tissue damage and deposition of the cytotoxic major basic protein suggests that the eosinophil contributed to the pathophysiology of this disease. Recognition of the capacity of the eosinophil to produce tissue damage can be helpful in the selection of therapy.
Fourier principles for emotion-based human figure animation (1995)

This paper describes the method for modeling human figure locomotions with emotions. Fourier expansions of experimental data of actual human behaviors serve as a basis from which the method can interpolate or extrapolate the human locomotions. This means, for instance, that transition from a walk to a run is smoothly and realistically performed by the method. Moreover an individual's character or mood, appearing during the human behaviors, is also extracted by the method. For example, the method gets "briskness" from the experimental data for a "normal" walk and a "brisk" walk. Then the "brisk" run is generated by the method, using another Fourier expansion of the measured data of running. The superposition of these human behaviors is shown as an efficient technique for generating rich variations of human locomotions. In addition, step-length, speed, and hip position during the locomotions are also modeled, and then interactively controlled to get a desired animation.
Multivoxel 1 H‐MRS of stroke (1992)

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a noninvasive technique allowing the localized, in vivo detection of proton-containing brain metabolites. We used this technique to study eight patients with cerebral infarction or ischemia. A stimulated echo-pulse sequence with chemical shift imaging was used to acquire spectra from multiple contiguous 4-cc volumes extending from the site of ischemia to the opposite hemisphere. Six patients had a reduction in the signal from N-acetyl groups (NAG) in the stroke area compared with controls, and those with the lowest NAG to phosphocreatine/creatine ratios had the least recovery of function. Lactate was observed within the infarcted region in two patients at 9 and 11 days after infarction and may have been present in other patients up to 15 weeks after stroke.
Noncollinear second-harmonic generation in sub-micrometer-poled RbTiOPO4 (2004)

We have generated noncollinear quasi-phase-matched second harmonic wave in an RbTiOPO(4) crystal that was poled using the high-voltage atomic force microscope (HV-AFM). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic nonlinear frequency conversion study of samples produced by the HV-AFM method. The short poling period of 1.18 microm enabled us to observe second harmonic generation at very large angles with respect to the fundamental wave. The setup was used to optically explore the homogeneity of the poled area. The measurements are in a reasonable agreement with an analytic calculations.
The Effect of Concomitant Chondral Injuries Accompanying Operatively Reduced Malleolar Fractures (1991)

The best clinical results in the treatment of malleolar fractures occur when an anatomic reduction is obtained and maintained until the fractures are healed. Ankle pain and/or tibio-talar arthrosis has been reported despite anatomic surgical reduction and stable fixation of the malleoli. This may be due to unrecognized injuries to the cartilaginous surfaces of the tibio-talar joint. Between 1984 and 1987, 63 patients with isolated closed malleolar fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation using standard AO techniques. Each patient had inspection of the entire talar dome during surgery. There were seven type A, 37 type B, and 19 type C fractures. Thirty-one patients (49%) had injuries to the talar dome cartilage, ranging from mild scuffing to free osteochondral fragments. Twenty-five patients were available for a follow-up evaluation at an average of 25 months after surgery. Thirteen patients had some complaints of pain, eight of whom had talar dome chondral injuries. The overall results, including functional status and ankle range of motion, were significantly poorer in patients with talar dome chondral injuries (p less than or equal to 0.03 and p less than or equal to 0.042, respectively).
Inflammation after trauma: Microglial activation and traumatic brain injury (2011)

We demonstrate that increased microglial activation can be present up to 17 years after TBI. This suggests that TBI triggers a chronic inflammatory response particularly in subcortical regions. This highlights the importance of considering the response to TBI as evolving over time and suggests interventions may be beneficial for longer intervals after trauma than previously assumed.
Types of In-stent Stenosis After Flow-diversion (2020)

Monteiro, Andre; Cortez, Gustavo; Aghaebrahim, Nima MD; Sauvageau, Eric MD; Lopes, Demetrius; Hanel, Ricardo A MD, PhD Author Information