gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SU‐E‐I‐51: Estimating Effective Dose from Phantom Dose Measurements in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Procedures (2011)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was three‐fold: (a) to estimate organ doses and effective dose (ED) for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation from clinical fluoro times, (b) to estimate carcinogenic risks for organ doses, and (c) to derive the dose conversion coefficient (DCC) for estimating the ED from the DAP. Method and Materials: A biplane fluoroscopic system was used for the AF ablation procedures (RAO 30°, LAO 45°). ED was measured for low dose and normal dose modes. For acquisition of organ dose measurements, 20 diagnostic MOSFET detectors were placed at selected organs in a male anthropomorphic phantom. The DAP was recorded from the system console and validated independently. Biplane fluoroscopy was performed for 10 minutes to measure the dose rate for each organ. Organ doses were computed by multiplying organ dose rate and the average fluoro time. The ED was computed by summing the product of each organ dose and the corresponding tissue weighting factor (ICRP 103). Age and gender specific carcinogenic risks (life‐time attributable risks and relative risks) for stomach, colon, liver, lung, breast, and bone marrow were computed by BEIR VII report (2006). Results: The ED was computed for an average AF ablation fluoroscopic time of 88 minutes. ED were 28 mSv and 46 mSv for low and normal modes respectively. The corresponding DAP were 49 Gy cm2 and 89 Gy cm2 and derived DCC were 0.57 and 0.58 mSv Gy‐1 cm‐2 for low and normal mode respectively. Relative risk (RR) for leukemia were 1.086 and 1.091 for male and female at age 30. RR for lung cancer incidence were 1.022 and 1.073 for male and female at age 30. Conclusions: The ED for AF ablation procedure can easily be estimated by multiplying the derived DCC by the console‐displayed DAP. &amp;#8195;
Evaluation Variables in Personalized Teaching and the Sharing of Records with Students (1978)

A university student is treated as an entrepreneur in his pursuit of education. In spite of this, he is not furnished with the entrepreneurial type of information on the state of his enterprise. Objective and subjective kinds of information about students and their progress are reviewed. Two functions of time called Relative Accomplishment and Relative Standing are defined; they characterize the learning progress of each student in relation to the respective progress of his colleagues. Values of these two functions can be periodically passed to students. Each student so informed can review his learning performance and manage his efforts at the school in an intelligent and more efficient way.
Trinuclear Osmium Clusters as Models for Intermediates in Carbon Monoxide Reduction Chemistry. 1. Stepwise Reduction of CO to a μ-CH2 Ligand on an Os3 Cluster Face (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTrinuclear Osmium Clusters as Models for Intermediates in Carbon Monoxide Reduction Chemistry. 1. Stepwise Reduction of CO to a μ-CH2 Ligand on an Os3 Cluster FaceGuy Steinmetz, Eric Morrison, and Gregory GeoffroyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 9, 2559–2564Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1984Publication History Published online14 August 2003Published inissue 1 May 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00321a601https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00321a601research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views60Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Influence of Gestational Weight Gain on the Risk of Preterm Birth for Underweight Women Living in Food Deserts (2020)

· Women with low prepregnancy BMI are at high risk of PTB.. · Food insecurity increases the risk of PTB for underweight women.. · Excessive GWG for underweight women in food deserts does not reduce PTB risk..
Suprathreshold stochastic resonance in neural processing tuned by correlation (2011)

Suprathreshold stochastic resonance (SSR) is examined in the context of integrate-and-fire neurons, with an emphasis on the role of correlation in the neuronal firing. We employed a model based on a network of spiking neurons which received synaptic inputs modeled by Poisson processes stimulated by a stepped input signal. The smoothed ensemble firing rate provided an output signal, and the mutual information between this signal and the input was calculated for networks with different noise levels and different numbers of neurons. It was found that an SSR effect was present in this context. We then examined a more biophysically plausible scenario where the noise was not controlled directly, but instead was tuned by the correlation between the inputs. The SSR effect remained present in this scenario with nonzero noise providing improved information transmission, and it was found that negative correlation between the inputs was optimal. Finally, an examination of SSR in the context of this model revealed its connection with more traditional stochastic resonance and showed a trade-off between supratheshold and subthreshold components. We discuss these results in the context of existing empirical evidence concerning correlations in neuronal firing.
Boundary element solutions for broad-band 3-D geo-electromagnetic problems accelerated by an adaptive multilevel fast multipole method (2012)

We have developed a generalized and stable surface integral formula for 3-D uniform inducing field and plane wave electromagnetic induction problems, which works reliably over a wide frequency range. Vector surface electric currents and magnetic currents, scalar surface electric charges and magnetic charges are treated as the variables. This surface integral formula is successfully applied to compute the electromagnetic responses of 3-D topography to low frequency magnetotelluric and high frequency radio-magnetotelluric fields. The standard boundary element method which is used to solve this surface integral formula quickly exceeds the memory capacity of modern computers for problems involving hundreds of thousands of unknowns. To make the surface integral formulation applicable and capable of dealing with large-scale 3-D geo-electromagnetic problems, we have developed a matrix-free adaptive multilevel fast multipole boundary element solver. By means of the fast multipole approach, the time-complexity of solving the final system of linear equations is reduced to O(m log m) and the memory cost is reduced to O(m), where m is the number of unknowns. The analytical solutions for a half-space model were used to verify our numerical solutions over the frequency range 0.001-300 kHz. In addition, our numerical solution shows excellent agreement with a published numerical solution for an edge-based finite-element method on a trapezoidal hill model at a frequency of 2 Hz. Then, a high frequency simulation for a similar trapezoidal hill model was used to study the effects of displacement currents in the radio-magnetotelluric frequency range. Finally, the newly developed algorithm was applied to study the effect of moderate topography and to evaluate the applicability of a 2-D RMT inversion code that assumes a flat air-Earth interface, on RMT field data collected at Smrgrav, southern Norway. This paper constitutes the first part of a hybrid boundary element-finite element approach to compute the electromagnetic field inside structures involving complex 3-D conductivity and permittivity distributions.
Preparation and Characterization of Iridium Oxide Thin Films Grown by DC Reactive Sputtering (1997)

Iridium oxide ( IrO 2 ) thin films were successfully grown by a DC magnetron reactive sputtering method. It was found that the crystalline nature and morphology of IrO 2 films were strongly dependent on the oxygen partial pressure, total pressure and growth temperature. The growth of IrO 2 is well explained by the generic curve for the total pressure as a function of O 2 content. The films showed good barrier performance between Pt and poly-Si up to 750° C. A 40-nm-thick Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 film was grown by RF magnetron sputtering on the Pt/IrO 2 /poly-Si electrode. The leakage current density and dielectric constant of a Pt/Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 /Pt capacitor on the IrO 2 /poly-Si electrode were comparable to those of the capacitor on a SiO 2 /Si substrate. However, an additional ohmic layer was required to prevent the formation of a SiO 2 layer between the IrO 2 and poly-Si.
Product Innovations, Advertising, and Stock Returns (2008)

Under increased scrutiny from top management and shareholders, marketing managers feel the need to measure and communicate the impact of their actions on shareholder returns. In particular, how do customer value creation (through product innovation) and customer value communication (through marketing investments) affect stock returns? This article examines, conceptually and empirically, how product innovations and marketing investments for such product innovations lift stock returns by improving the outlook on future cash flows. The authors address these questions with a large-scale econometric analysis of product innovation and associated marketing mix in the automobile industry. They find that adding such marketing actions to the established finance benchmark model greatly improves the explained variance in stock returns. In particular, investors react favorably to companies that launch pioneering innovations, that have higher perceived quality, that are backed by substantial advertising support, and that are in large and growing categories. Finally, the authors quantify and compare the stock return benefits of several managerial control variables. The results highlight the stock market benefits of pioneering innovations. Compared with minor updates, pioneering innovations have an impact on stock returns that is seven times greater, and their advertising support is nine times more effective as well. Perceived quality of the new car introduction improves the firm's stock returns, but customer liking does not have a statistically significant effect. Promotional incentives have a negative effect on stock returns, indicating that price promotions may be interpreted as a signal of demand weakness. Managers can combine these return estimates with internal data on project costs to help decide the appropriate mix of product innovation and marketing investment.
Analytical approximations of low-frequency scattering from homogeneous spheres (2015)

Because of its perfect isotropy, an electrically small homogeneous sphere is an important building block in the design and construction of artificial electromagnetic materials, including metamaterials, over a broadest range of frequencies, from microwave and terahertz to optical. The relative permittivity ε <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> of the sphere may, therefore, broadly vary as its real part can be positive (all natural materials at microwave frequencies) or negative (noble metals at optical frequencies), the absolute value large or small and the imaginary part can correspond to a strongly absorbing (|Im ε <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> | > 1) or an almost lossless (Im ε <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> → 0) material. The relative permeability μ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> may also deviate from unity if the material is magnetic. Though exact and low-frequency analytical solutions for scattering from homogeneous spheres have been available since more than a century, e.g. (J.A. Stratton, Electromagnetic Theory, 1941, pp. 563–573), a complete description of the low-frequency scattering for the whole variety of possible material parameters is still missing. This work closes the gap by providing a complete set of analytical low-frequency approximations on the complex plane of ε <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> .
Spectral analysis of beat-to-beat fluctuations in left ventricular area signals obtained using acoustic quantification (2002)

Noninvasive insight into autonomic cardiovascular control is achieved by spectral analysis of fluctuations in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). Variations in left ventricular cross-sectional area (LVA), can now be noninvasively estimated using echocardiographic acoustic quantification (AQ). In this study, we investigated whether fluctuations in LV dimensions can be subjected to spectral analysis, and whether their power spectra can improve the understanding of the control mechanisms of the heart. Three simultaneous signals, ECG, BP, LVA, were acquired from 30 healthy volunteers (mean age 36/spl plusmn/18). Spectral analysis was performed using FFT on 125 sec traces. Our results show that fluctuations in LVA are detectable, steady and quantifiable. Their power spectra (PS) have general features similar to HR and BP PS. Investigation of LVA signals may thus provide information about the control of cardiac mechanical function.
Development of Oblique Restraint Countermeasures (2020)

This study developed and demonstrated modified restraint systems for front seat occupants that can help provide reduced injury. The tests used the 50th percentile male Test device for Human Occupant Restraint (THOR) in both left and right oblique frontal crashes. Four baseline sled tests (driver near-side, driver far-side, passenger near-side, and passenger far-side) set up the baseline restraint performance. Then a set of baseline MAthematical DYnamic MOdels (MADYMO) were developed and validated against the baseline sled tests as well as Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) No. 208 and the United States New Car Assessment Program (US-NCAP) frontal barrier tests. Nearly 100 sled tests and hundreds of MADYMO simulations systematically selected and tuned proposed restraint designs in four oblique crash conditions. Two modified restraint systems, a 3-point belt and relocated retractor, and a suspender 4-point belt, were used in the final sled tests. Results demonstrated that modified restraint systems can be tuned to help reduce the injury in oblique frontal crashes.
[Rapid chemical profiling of Artemisiae Scopariae Herba using reversed phase liquid chromatography-hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-predictive multiple reaction monitoring]. (2019)

Chemical profiling of a given herbal medicine( HM) is the prerequisite for clarifying the effective material basis and therapeutic mechanisms,and it is an important integral part of traditional Chinese medicine chemical biology( TCMCB). In current study,we aimed to propose a new strategy for fast chemical characterization of HM by using reversed phase liquid chromatography-hydrophilic interaction chromatography-predictive multiple reaction monitoring( RPLC-HILIC-p MRM),and Artemisiae Scopariae Herba was employed in this study to illustrate the entire strategy. In response to wide polarity spanning of the diverse chemical clusters in Artemisiae Scopariae Herba,RPLC and HILIC were coupled in series to retain and separate hydrophilic and hydrophobic components simultaneously by identifying the characteristics of chromatographic separation. Most of the chemical constituents in traditional Chinese medicine can be predicted by summarizing the results of chemical constituents of the same genera and introducing primary metabolites and possible substitution reaction types. Therefore,we constructed predictive ion pairs to rapidly identify the chemical constituents of Artemisiae Scopariae Herba. After comparison with control products,discussion on fragmentation pattern,and access to relevant information from literature and databases,a total of 139 components were detected and structurally annotated by matching the obtained spectral data with the information of authentic compounds. Above all,RPLC-HILIC-p MRM could be used as an eligible analytical tool for the chemical profiling of HMs.
Ion implantation in tribology and corrosion science (1978)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J. K. Hirvonen; Ion implantation in tribology and corrosion science. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 1 September 1978; 15 (5): 1662–1668. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.569825 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAVS: Science & Technology of Materials Interfaces and ProcessingJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
A Study on the Extraction of Soluble Colorants of the Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (1997)

The study was performed to obtain the optimum extraction conditions for crocin from gardenia fructus. Generally crocin is unstable on heat, light, acid and base solution. The extraction efficiency of crocin from gardenia depended upon the extraction time, extraction temperature, pH in the extraction bath and the optimum conditions of crocin extraction were determined as 60 minutes of extraction time, 4 of extraction temperature, pH 7 of extraction bath. The molar extinction coefficient of crocin was 12,515 and the color yield of purified crocin was about six times higher than that of non-purified crocin. The heat-stability at extraction temperature and lightstability in irradiation with xenon lamp for one hour of the purified crocin were higher than those of non-purified crocin. Intensity of of crocin was decreased by irradiation for one hour but UV-Vis. spectra of crocin was not changed. The colors of purified and non-purified crocin dissolved wit methanol was evaluated by means of CIE L* a* b* system.
AtDMC1, the Arabidopsis homologue of the yeast DMC1 gene: characterization, transposon‐induced allelic variation and meiosis‐associated expression (1997)

Based on homologies between the yeast DMC1 and the lily LIM15 meiosis-specific genes, degenerate PCR primers were designed that amplified the Arabidopsis DMC1 gene (AtDMC1). AtDMC1 genomic DNA (8 kb) was sequenced, and the transcript was characterized by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and by 5' and 3' RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends). The AtDMC1 gene contains 15 exons and 14 introns. RNA in situ hybridization analysis showed that expression of the AtDMC1 is restricted to pollen mother cells in anthers and to megaspore mother cells in ovules. The AtDMC1 promoter was fused to the GUS reporter gene, and conferred meiosis-associated expression in both male and female floral lineages. Comparison of AtDMC1 isolated from Landsberg erecta ecotype to its Columbia allele ArLIM15, revealed the presence of a 1874 bp transposon-like element within the promoter region of ArLIM15. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of AtDMC1 and ArLIM15 are similar. Possible uses for the AtDMC1 promoter are discussed.
Packaged array of eight MSM photodetectors withuniform 12 GHz bandwidth (1998)

Transmission line concepts were used in the design of a broadband, integrated photodetector array. The array consists of eight metal semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors, with active regions of (26 µm)2, distributed along a common bus. A uniform 3 dB bandwidth of 12 GHz is demonstrated. These arrays are central to optoelectronic switching techniques, and are applicable to microwave fibre optic systems.
Feasibility of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) for Intra-Operative Detection of Blood Flow during Gastric Tube Reconstruction (2018)

In this study; an OCT-based intra-operative imaging method for blood flow detection during esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction is investigated. Change in perfusion of the gastric tube tissue can lead to ischemia; with a high morbidity and mortality as a result. Anastomotic leakage (incidence 5⁻20%) is one of the most severe complications after esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction. Optical imaging techniques provide for minimal-invasive and real-time visualization tools that can be used in intraoperative settings. By implementing an optical technique for blood flow detection during surgery; perfusion can be imaged and quantified and; if needed; perfusion can be improved by either a surgical intervention or the administration of medication. The feasibility of imaging gastric microcirculation in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT) during surgery of patients with esophageal cancer by visualizing blood flow based on the speckle contrast from M-mode OCT images is studied. The percentage of pixels exhibiting a speckle contrast value indicative of flow was quantified to serve as an objective parameter to assess blood flow at 4 locations on the reconstructed gastric tube. Here; it was shown that OCT can be used for direct blood flow imaging during surgery and may therefore aid in improving surgical outcomes for patients.
Intracameral Use of Nepafenac: Safety and Efficacy Study (2017)

An intracameral concentration of up to 1% nepafenac does not adversely affect the rabbit eye. Nepafenac fails to prevent miosis but inhibits prostaglandin release during phacoemulsification surgery.
A non-nuclear inline densitometer for multiphase flows (2023)

Abstract Multiphase flowmeters are used in the oil-and-gas industry to measure real-time flow rates of oil, gas, and brine, flowing simultaneously as a non-homogeneous mixture, in a pipeline from wellhead to separator. Since these flow rates cannot be measured directly, they are inferred from other measurements including mixture density. Mixture density is commonly measured using nuclear densitometers which can be problematic in terms of safety and maintenance. This paper details the development—concept and experimental validation—of a non-nuclear inline densitometer that measures multiphase mixture density using pressure sensors. A comprehensive flow-loop test was conducted at a commercial facility to evaluate the technology under a wide range of flow conditions—flow rates 1000 to 10000 bpd, gas fractions 0% to 96%, water cuts 0% to 100%, with a synthetic oil as liquid hydrocarbon, methane as gas medium, two water salinities—totaling nearly 300 test points. The results from this experimental validation—specifically, the technology’s accuracy and operating envelope—point to a groundbreaking practical solution to a long-standing problem.