gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Propyne Hydrogenation Kinetics over Surfactant-Stabilized Palladium Nanoclusters (2006)

The kinetics of propyne hydrogenation over surfactant-stabilized palladium nanoclusters was studied in a batch reactor under isothermal conditions (308 K). The method of initial rates was adopted to elucidate the reaction mechanism and a rate equation was derived. Although the methodology employed does not exclude other reaction schemes, it was found that experimental rate data agree well with a Langmuir−Hinshelwood mechanism that involves noncompetitive adsorption between propyne and hydrogen for the catalyst surface, where hydrogen addition in the surface reaction(s) is the limiting step. Nonlinear model fitting to initial rate data provided the kinetic parameters of the rate equation (k (mol·gPd-1·s-1·bar-2) = 4.1; KC3H4 (bar-1) = 8.7 × 102; and KH2 (bar-1) = 1.0 × 10-5). Finally, experimental compositions of the reaction mixture over time, as well as the overall advancement history, were compared favorably with the kinetic model through integration of the mass balance in the batch reactor.
Molecular predictors for response to carboplatinum and paclitaxel (CP) chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer (2004)

5066 Backgound: The standard treatment of advanced-stage ovarian cancer includes cytoreductive surgery followed by CP chemotherapy. While this regimen is effective, emergence of resistance hinders successful outcomes. Our goal was to improve patient selection for this specific chemotherapy and develop strategies to overcome resistance by determining the molecular mechanisms associated with it. Methods: A tissue array composed of 40 advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients treated with surgery followed by CP chemotherapy has been constructed; clinical data are available. We measured protein expression levels of pro-apoptotic (p53, p27) and anti-apoptotic (c-MET, phospho-Akt) factors using conventional immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or a novel method of in-situ quantitative analysis of protein expression. The results were analyzed with Mantel-Haenszel Chi-Square test. Results: Low p27 levels (p=0.005) and serous histology (0.016) were associated with chemosensitivity. p53, phosho-Akt and cMET did not correlate with sensitivity. Conclusions: Our results are consistent with reports implicating p27KIP1 as a mediator of adhesion-dependent drug resistance; cell-cell interactions may signal the upregulation of p27, which in turn causes growth arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and resistance to apoptosis induced by anticancer agents targeting rapidly dividing cells. These results need to be confirmed; a tissue array composed of 300 advanced ovarian cancer cases treated with CP is being constructed and will be used to test this finding. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Mechanisms of Inhibitor Action (2020)

In this chapter, we will briefly review the systematics of corrosion inhibitors and the classical mechanisms of action of corrosion inhibitors, the latter with an emphasis on inhibitors interacting with the material surface. The different roles corrosion inhibitors have in protecting materials surfaces will be described – with examples from applications in the oil and gas sector, but also more general. We will discuss in some detail the interaction of an imidazoline-based surfactant inhibitor with mild steel and the interaction of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) with copper and zinc. By adsorbing to surfaces, molecules in general block sites for metal dissolution. Good inhibitors furthermore react with dissolution products to form insoluble films, in analogy to the formation of conversion coatings. Furthermore, inhibitors may interfere with the kinetics of the cathodic reaction. Over decades, a challenge for the use of inhibitors has been leaching into the environment of inhibiting molecules. Modern triggered release concepts ensure that inhibitors become available only if a corrosion attack has begun. Such triggered release systems have successfully been used for the self-healing of coatings, and we will discuss one example of the interaction of a cyclodextrin with MBT to see how this works for inhibitors. Future applications in the oil and gas sector may consider the use of intelligent coatings.
Soluble IL-33 receptor predicts survival in acute kidney injury (2022)

Introduction: The prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI)-related outcomes remains challenging. Herein we prospectively quantified soluble ST2 (sST2), the circulating isoform of the IL-33 receptor, in hospitalized patients with AKI. Methods: In-hospital subjects with AKI of various etiology were identified through the in-hospital AKI alert system of the Brandenburg University hospital. sST2 was measured within a maximum of 48 hours from the time of diagnosis of AKI. The following endpoints were defined: in-hospital death, dialysis, recovery of kidney function until demission. Results: In total, 151 individuals were included in the study. The in-hospital mortality was 16.6%, dialysis therapy became mandatory in 39.7%, no recovery of kidney function occurred in 27.8%. sST2 was significantly higher in nonsurvivors (p = 0.024) but did not differ in the two other endpoints. The level of sST2 increased significantly with the severity of AKI. Further differences were detected in subjects with heart insufficiency (lower sST2), and in patients that required ICU treatment, or ventilatory therapy, or vasopressors (all higher). Conclusions: The current study suggests sST2 as biomarker of “acute distress”: it predicts post-AKI survival and substantially increases in subjects with a higher degree of cumulative morbidity under acute circumstances (e.g., ICU therapy, vasopressor administration).
Resistance to an imidazolinone herbicide is conferred by a gene on chromosome 6DL in the wheat line cv. 9804 (2004)

An induced mutation of the common wheat (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD genomes) cultivar ‘Fidel’ has been shown to provide resistance to the imidazolinone class of herbicides. This class of herbicide gives broad-spectrum weed control including the weedy relative of wheat, jointed goatgrass (2n = 4x = 28, CCDD genomes). Because wheat and jointed goatgrass share a common genome, genes present on the D genome may transfer between the two species as a result of natural hybridization and selective pressures. Our objectives were to determine which genome of common wheat contained the herbicide resistance gene in the mutated Fidel and to genetically map its position. We investigated the chromosomal location of this gene using both durum (2n = 4x = 28, AABB genomes) and common wheat (6x) backgrounds. From crosses of durum wheat genotypes as the recurrent parent with mutated Fidel (cv. 9804, resistant), only BC 1 plants containing chromosome 6D (inherited from cv. 9804) were resistant to applications of labeled rates of imazamox, an imidazolinone herbicide. No other D-genome chromosome was absolutely associated with herbicide resistance. To confirm this chromosomal location and genetically map the position of this gene, two populations of F 3 families from the cross of cv. 9804 to the common wheat cultivars ‘Cashup’ and ‘Madsen’ were screened for reaction to imazamox, followed by genetic mapping with microsatellite markers. Two linked microsatellite markers were associated with the resistance trait, and one of them, Xgdm127 , was located to chromosome 6D using aneuploid stocks, confirming the location of this gene on 6D. These results indicate that this resistance gene is in the genome that common wheat shares with jointed goatgrass. Therefore, imidazolinone-resistant wheat will need to be carefully managed to minimize the occurrence and spread of resistant jointed goatgrass, whether such plants arise because of hybridization with resistant common wheat or by independent mutation, a frequent occurrence with this herbicide class.
Alcohol-induced apoptosis of oligodendrocytes in the fetal macaque brain (2013)

In utero exposure of the fetal NHP brain to alcohol on a single occasion triggers widespread acute apoptotic death of neurons (previous study) and of OLs (present study) throughout WM regions of the developing brain. The rate of OL apoptosis in alcohol-exposed brains was 12.7 times higher than the natural OL apoptosis rate. OLs become sensitive to the apoptogenic action of alcohol when they are just beginning to generate constituents of myelin in their cytoplasm, and they remain vulnerable throughout later stages of myelination. There is growing evidence for a similar apoptotic response of both neurons and OLs following exposure of the developing brain to anesthetic and anticonvulsant drugs. Collectively, this body of evidence raises important questions regarding the role that neuro and oligo apoptosis may play in the human condition known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), and also poses a question whether other apoptogenic drugs, although long considered safe for pediatric/obstetric use, may have the potential to cause iatrogenic FASD-like developmental disability syndromes.
Laser-assisted calcium phosphate deposition on polymer substrates in supersaturated solutions (2014)

Calcium phosphate (CaP) deposition was induced on optically semitransparent polymers irradiated with laser in a supersaturated CaP solution, but not on a transparent polymer.
Transparent superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic nanoparticle textured coatings: comparative study of anti-soiling performance (2018)

The anti-soiling (AS) performance of highly reflective, superhydrophilic (SPH, 0° water contact angle) coated mirrors was characterized and compared with that of superhydrophobic (SP, >165° water contact angle) coated mirrors. A simple one-step nanotextured silica nanoparticle coating on a mirror exhibited SPH properties associated with hydrophilic rough surfaces. Another mirror surface post-functionalized with low-surface-energy ligand molecules displayed SP behavior. Both coated mirrors, with no solar reflectance loss, demonstrated excellent AS performance because the engineered surface roughness reduced the adhesive force of dust particles. The daily degradation in solar reflectance induced by dust accumulation under outdoor field testing demonstrated that the SPH- and SP-coated mirrors, compared with an uncoated mirror, maintained higher solar reflectance, which was associated with the designed self-cleaning behavior and natural cleaning. However, over the long term, dust-moisture cementation-evidenced by organic hard water stains on the mirror-initiated unrecoverable reflectance loss on the SP-coated mirror after 3 months, whereas the SPH-coated mirror maintained higher reflectance for 7.5 months. Considering fabrication costs and maintenance, SPH-coated nanotextured mirrors offer potential benefits for application in solar energy harvesting.
Von Werkzeugstahl bis zur Superlegierung (2013)

Abstract Ob Zahnräder, Spritzgussformen, medizinische Instrumente oder Turbinenteile – bei hochwertigen Schweißarbeiten ist die Technologie des Laserschweißens unübertroffen. Mithilfe moderner Prozessstrategien lassen sich selbst anspruchsvolle Schweißmetallurgien oder artunterschiedliche Werkstoffe prozessstabil, reproduzierbar und wirtschaftlich bearbeiten. Automatisierte Prozeduren erhöhen zusätzlich die Qualität am Werkstück und die Effizienz der Bearbeitung. Am Beispiel der modular aufgebauten PSM‐400‐Serie von Schunk Lasertechnik wird deutlich, was heute bereits möglich ist (Abb. 1).
2A2-W10 Plasma-liquid interface transportation by multiple-electrodes(Fuctional Interface) (2014)

For the present study, we have successfully fabricated a novel cylinder-shaped device that is able to produce mono-dispersed plasma bubbles (balls) under atmospheric pressure and water environment. The generated plasma has characteristics of low temperature, which was generated by dielectric barrier discharge. Multiple-electrodes were mounted to transport the plasma bubbles (balls) to the further downstream to provide larger radical effect to the biological target. It was confirmed that the plasma bubble has been successfully transported downstream with the distance of 18.7[mm]. This study will be combined to the endoscopic treatment and contribute to the therapeutic aims, biomedical processes and sterilization treatment.
Performance of minimum-variance deconvolution filter (2005)

Recently, we observed zero phase and undershoot patterns in data processed by a minimum-variance deconvolution (MVD) filter. These observations motivated a careful analys is of the MVD filter, which, as we demonstrate in this paper, explains both the zero phase and undershoot patterns. This analysis also connects the MVD filter with the well-known prediction-error filter [6], and Berkhout's two-sided least-squares inverse filter [7]. We show that the performance of the MVD filter depends heavily on the bandwidth of the source wavelet, and signal-to-noise ratio, and only slightly on data length.
HSP90 cross‐links branched actin filaments induced by N‐WASP and the Arp2/3 complex (2007)

N-WASP induces filopodial actin cytoskeleton through activation of the Arp2/3 complex. Here, we show that heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) regulates the structure of actin filaments induced by N-WASP and the Arp2/3 complex. HSP90 binds to N-WASP and to F-actin and bundles actin filaments. Bundling activity of HSP90 does not affect actin filament nucleation induced by N-WASP and the Arp2/3 complex. HSP90 is co-localized with N-WASP at branching points of actin filaments produced by the Arp2/3 complex and thereby bundles branched filaments; this bundled actin structure is inhibited by blocking direct binding between HSP90 and N-WASP. Furthermore, HSP90 converts branched actin filaments on N-WASP-coated beads to filopodia-like star-shaped bundles. These findings indicate that HSP90 promotes the formation of N-WASP/Arp2/3 complex-induced unbranched filopodial actin structures.
Synthesis of 3-geranyl- and 3-prenyl-2,4,6-trihydroxybenzophenone (2017)

Biologically active phenyl[3-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl]methanone (2) and phenyl[2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)phenyl]methanone (3) were synthesized by an efficient and convenient synthetic sequence. The reaction steps of this synthesis included methylation, Friedel-Crafts acylation, demethylation and geranylation steps.
Framework for Distributed Industrial Automation and Control (4DIAC) (2008)

This paper intends to provide a basis for the discussion and development of an Open Source Initiative for a ldquoFramework for distributed industrial automation and control (4DIAC) based on the new IEC 61499 standard. The general understanding of the authors is that an open source strategy is an adequate means for pushing current developments within the industrial automation domain and bringing together interested partners to focus and unite their concerns on a distributed and flexible automation environment. One main point is also to provide a stable basis for industrial appliances and further research into next generation distributed automation and control systems based on the IEC 61499 standard. A look at the current status of the developments for IEC 61499 shows, that these targets may not have been attained. In the opinion of the authors, the targets presented above need a common and publicly available reference framework. Therefore the general idea of the 4DIAC initiative is to provide such an open framework for the IEC 61499 standard that gives the opportunity to establish an automation and control environment based on the three main targets, portability, configurability and interoperability.
Supplementary Data from Comparative Genomics Provides Etiologic and Biological Insight into Melanoma Subtypes (2023)

Supplementary Data from Comparative Genomics Provides Etiologic and Biological Insight into Melanoma Subtypes
Inherited Mitochondrial Diseases of DNA Replication (2007)

Mitochondrial genetic diseases can result from defects in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the form of deletions, point mutations, or depletion, which ultimately cause loss of oxidative phosphorylation. These mutations may be spontaneous, maternally inherited, or a result of inherited nuclear defects in genes that maintain mtDNA. This review focuses on our current understanding of nuclear gene mutations that produce mtDNA alterations and cause mitochondrial depletion syndrome (MDS), progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), ataxia-neuropathy, or mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE). To date, all of these etiologic nuclear genes fall into one of two categories: genes whose products function directly at the mtDNA replication fork, such as POLG, POLG2, and TWINKLE, or genes whose products supply the mitochondria with deoxynucleotide triphosphate pools needed for DNA replication, such as TK2, DGUOK, TP, SUCLA2, ANT1, and possibly the newly identified MPV17.
Metastatic Melanoma Patient–Derived Xenografts Respond to MDM2 Inhibition as a Single Agent or in Combination with BRAF/MEK Inhibition (2020)

KRT-232 is an effective therapy for the treatment of either <i>BRAF<sup>WT</sup></i> or PAN <sup><i>WT</i></sup> <i>(BRAF<sup>WT</sup>, NRAS<sup>WT</sup>) TP53<sup>WT</sup></i> melanomas. In combination with BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors, KRT-232 may be an effective treatment strategy for BRAF<sup>V600</sup>-mutant tumors.
ChemInform Abstract: New Heterocycles with Cycloamidine Substructure and Their Ringtransformation Reactions with Acetylenedicarboxylic Ester. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Factors Influencing the Intrusion of Methylmethacrylate into Human Tibiae (1984)

Three commonly used bone cements were inserted into tibiae from human cadavers to investigate techniques for optimal intrusion with manual pressurization. In each tibia the medial plateau was cleansed by pulsating water lavage, and the lateral plateau was cleansed by syringe only. Acrylic was inserted at one-minute intervals through four minutes, at which time intrusion decreased steeply. Intrusion was superior in bone prepared by pulsating lavage. Mixing the acrylic for no longer than three minutes prior to insertion by manual pressurization into bone prepared by pulsating lavage is suggested. Clinical use of this technique has improved intrusion, as evidenced by postoperative roentgenograms. As compared with interfacial strengths and depth of intrusion as reported in the literature, the penetration achieved with this technique gives an optimal depth of intrusion (2-4 mm) for adequate strength of the bone-cement composite. A new photographic computer technique is introduced for study of the intrusion of methylmethacrylate into bone. Differences in bone density can be accounted for by this technique, and the correlation coefficient to direct bone biopsy is 0.92.
HLA-DRB1108, DRB1103/DRB310101, and DRB310202 Are Susceptibility Genes for Graves’ Disease in North American Caucasians, Whereas DRB1107 Is Protective1 (1999)

Graves' disease is known to be HLA-D associated; however, the primary loci involved remain unclear. We examined HLA genotypes of DRB1 and DQB1 plus DRB3 subtypes using PCR-based sequence-specific priming in two groups of North American (Gainesville, FL; and Toronto, Canada) Caucasian patients with Graves' disease. We stratified patients into those with either early age at onset (<20 yr; 13.1 +/- 4.8 yr; n = 30) and later age at onset of disease (38.8 +/- 9.7 yr; n = 62) and compared the results to 192 normal controls. As expected, we found that DRB1*03 was associated with Graves' disease, but at a higher odds ratios for early-onset than later-onset patients (3.7 vs. 2.2). The frequency of DRB1*08 was also increased in both groups of patients, but significantly so only in patients with early-onset Graves' (P = 0.001; chi2 = 10.8). DRB3 was highly associated with Graves' in both groups of patients (P = 0.009; chi2 = 6.83 and P = 0.0015; chi2 = 10.1, respectively); however, the subtypes of DRB3 revealed differential susceptibilities. Whereas the frequencies of both DRB3*0101 and DRB3*0202 were increased over the entire cohort, that of DRB3*0301 was not. Significant P values were found for DRB3*0101 in patients with early-onset and for DRB3*0202 in patients with later onset of Graves' disease. When the haplotypes of DRB1*03-DRB3 of all subtypes were removed for analysis (all DRB1*03 positive also had DRB3*0101), the frequency of DRB3*0202 remained significantly higher in the patients with later onset of Graves' disease than in controls (P = 0.0043; chi2 = 8.13), but DRB3 was no longer positively associated with the early-onset group. In addition, we found that DRB1*07 was negatively associated with both groups of patients (P = 0.024; chi2 = 5.10 and P = 0.0085; chi2 = 6.93). These data suggest that DRB3*0202 is more likely to be the primary susceptible locus than DRB1*03 for patients with later onset of Graves' disease.
Abstract 1595: Positive Inotropic Effect Of Relaxin-2 In Atrial Myocardium Of Terminally Failing Hearts: Role Of Protein Kinase A And Potassium Channels (2007)

The insulin-like peptide relaxin, a pregnancy hormone, exerts anti-fibrotic, renal, central nervous, and vascular effects, and is a positive inotropic agent in rat atrial myocardium. We have recently demonstrated that relaxin acts as compensatory mediator in human heart failure. This is the first investigation of the inotropic effects of relaxin-2 in human myocardium. We used human right and left atrial as well as right and left ventricular myocardial samples obtained from donor hearts that were not transplanted for technical reasons (n=5) and from explanted, terminally failing hearts (n=8; 4 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, 4 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy). In right and left atrial preparations from both donor and failing hearts, human relaxin-2 evoked positive inotropic effects (EC50 of peak developed tension for isometric twitches; donor, 0.5 ± 0.1 nM [right atrium] and 0.6 ± 0.1 nM [left atrium]; failing, 0.6 ± 0.1 nM [right atrium] and 0.6 ± 0.1 nM [left atrium]; maximum peak developed tension in percent of baseline; donor, 283 ± 35 % [right atrium] and 267 ± 30 % [left atrium]; failing, 258 ± 38 % [right atrium] and 268 ± 34 % [left atrium]). These effects could be prevented by treatment with the protein kinase A inhibitor 5–24 amide and with glibenclamide, a blocker of ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, and KT-5823, a protein kinase G inhibitor, had no effects. On the other hand, a positive inotropic effect of relaxin-2 could be found neither in donor nor in failing right and left ventricular myocardium although all preparations showed similar inotropic responses to increased extracellular calcium concentrations. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the positive inotropic atrial effect of human relaxin-2 is well preserved in terminally failing human myocardium. The effect is mediated via protein kinase A and ATP-sensitive potassium channels. In ventricular myocardium, there is no such inotropic action of relaxin.
Dielectric–base transistor using YBa2Cu3O7−x/NdGaO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures (1992)

This paper describes the fabrication and evaluation of dielectric-base transistors having high-Tc YBa2Cu3O7−x electrodes with NdGaO3 low-permittivity barriers on SrTiO3 high-permittivity substrates. The YBa2Cu3O7−x/NdGaO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures were made by laser ablation. Nb base electrodes were sputtered on the back of the SrTiO3 substrate. The device showed transistor characteristics with voltage and current gains exceeding unity at 4.2 K. The collector current density was about 10 A/cm2 at a collector voltage of 20 V, four orders of magnitude larger than that obtained for devices having no artificial barriers.