gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concomitant use of dietary supplements and prescription medications among U.S. adult civilians with a doctor‐informed chronic disease: NHANES 2005–2008 (2012)

Potential interactions between dietary supplements (DS) and prescription medications (PM) is of concern for both military and civilian populations, yet prevalence of concomitant DS and PM use is not well documented. Thus, we determined prevalence and likelihood of DS and PM use as a function of a doctor‐informed, chronic disease (vascular, arthritis, respiratory, liver, renal, thyroid, cancer, osteoporosis, or diabetes) among U.S. civilian adults (n=9,027; mean age=47 y), using National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES), 2005–2008 data. Subjects with a chronic disease were more likely to use DS (OR, 95% CI=1.44, 1.24–1.68), PM (OR, 95% CI=4.17, 3.60–4.83), and concomitantly use DS and PM (OR, 95% CI=3.01, 2.56–3.52) than those without a chronic disease, after adjustment for age, gender, marital status, education, and income. The most prevalent DS used with a PM was a standard multivitamin and mineral (MVM) among those with, and without a chronic disease. However, this prevalence was higher among those with a chronic disease (18.2%±0.5 compared to 7.3%±0.6; P &lt;0.01). Prevalence of individual non‐MVM subgroups and PM was low in both groups (&lt; 2.0%), but combined use of all non‐MVM subgroups with a PM was higher in those with a chronic disease (7.7%±0.5 compared to 2.5%±0.4; P &lt;0.1). These findings demonstrate that presence of a chronic disease may be an important predictor of DS and PM use.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of A Randomized Trial of Albumin Infusions in Hospitalized Patients with Cirrhosis. (2021)

BACKGROUND: Infection and increased systemic inflammation cause organ dysfunction and death in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Preclinical studies provide support for an antiinflammatory role of albumin, but confirmatory large-scale clinical trials are lacking. Whether targeting a serum albumin level of 30 g per liter or greater in these patients with repeated daily infusions of 20% human albumin solution, as compared with standard care, would reduce the incidences of infection, kidney dysfunction, and death is unknown.METHODS: We conducted a randomized, multicenter, open-label, parallel-group trial involving hospitalized patients with decompensated cirrhosis who had a serum albumin level of less than 30 g per liter at enrollment. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either targeted 20% human albumin solution for up to 14 days or until discharge, whichever came first, or standard care. Treatment commenced within 3 days after admission. The composite primary end point was new infection, kidney dysfunction, or death between days 3 and 15 after the initiation of treatment.RESULTS: A total of 777 patients underwent randomization, and alcohol was reported to be a cause of cirrhosis in most of these patients. A median total infusion of albumin of 200 g (interquartile range, 140 to 280) per patient was administered to the targeted albumin group (increasing the albumin level to ≥30 g per liter), as compared with a median of 20 g (interquartile range, 0 to 120) per patient administered to the standard-care group (adjusted mean difference, 143 g; 95% confidence interval [CI], 127 to 158.2). The percentage of patients with a primary end-point event did not differ significantly between the targeted albumin group (113 of 380 patients [29.7%]) and the standard-care group (120 of 397 patients [30.2%]) (adjusted odds ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.71 to 1.33; P = 0.87). A time-to-event analysis in which data were censored at the time of discharge or at day 15 also showed no significant between-group difference (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.35). More severe or life-threatening serious adverse events occurred in the albumin group than in the standard-care group.CONCLUSIONS: In patients hospitalized with decompensated cirrhosis, albumin infusions to increase the albumin level to a target of 30 g per liter or more was not more beneficial than the current standard care in the United Kingdom. (Funded by the Health Innovation Challenge Fund; ATTIRE EudraCT number, 2014-002300-24; ISRCT number, N14174793.).Copyright © 2021 Massachusetts Medical Society. PMID: 33657293
Influence of Conformal Coatings on the EMC Performance of a Printed Circuit Board (2022)

Conformal coatings are often applied to printed circuit boards to protect the board and its components from environmental factors like moisture, chemicals, and vibration. The impact of a conformal coating on crosstalk and radiated emissions was studied in the following paper. Two coating materials were characterized in terms of their permittivity and permeability. The impact of the conformal coating was evaluated based on the crosstalk between microstrip traces, the radiated emissions from a switch-mode power supply (SMPS), and on coupling from an EMI filter to nearby components. The coatings increased crosstalk between microstrip traces by up to 5 ~ 6 dB, and increased radiated emissions from the SMPS by up to 8 dB. While the coating did not affect the performance of the EMI filter, a 5.5 dB increase in coupling was observed from the filter to nearby components. These effects should be considered if pre-compliance testing is performed before the coatings are applied.
Theoretical Analysis of the Static Characteristics of the Carbon Segmented Seal (2017)

The segmented carbon seal is regularly used for sealing bearing chambers of aeronautical turboengines or as part of a buffer seal in space turbopumps. The seal operates with contaminated air or with an inert gas and is made of many identical carbon segments (generally three or six) with reciprocally overlapping ends. The segments are pressed against the rotor by the pressure difference between the upstream and the downstream chambers and by a circumferential (garter) spring. The pressure difference and an axial spring press the segments also against the stator. The inner cylindrical surface of each segment is provided with pads that create an aerodynamic lift proportional to the rotor speed. Following this lift force, the segments of the seal are pushed away from the rotor and the seal opens. The contact between the rotor and the segments is lost, and an axial leakage path is thus created. Although it was developed since long, a model for calculating the characteristics of the segmented seal is completely absent from the scientific literature. The goal of the present work is to fill this gap at least for the static characteristics (leakage and torque). The analysis is carried out for a single segment of the seal by supposing that all the segments have the same characteristics. Each segment has a planar motion (i.e., three degrees-of-freedom (3DOF)), and therefore the film thickness under each pad is not uniform. Given the stationary operating conditions (pressure difference and rotation speed), the present model calculates the equilibrium position of each segment on the bases of the lift and the friction force acting on the pads, the friction forces acting on the nose of the seal, and the radial and axial springs. Once found the static equilibrium position, the leakage and the torque of the seal are calculated. A parametric study enlightens the importance of the pad waviness, the pocket depth, and the spring forces on the characteristics of the segmented seal.
Chicken liver Pz-peptidase, a thiol-dependent metallo-endopeptidase (1990)

Pz-peptidase was purified from chicken liver as a protein of Mr 80,000 and pI 5.2. The purified enzyme hydrolysed phenylazobenzyloxycarbonyl-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-D-Arg, 2,4-dinitrophenyl-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-Trp-D-Lys. 7-methoxycoumarin-3-carboxylyl-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-D-(2,4-dinitropheny l)Lys, benzoyl-Gly-Ala-Ala-Phe-p-aminobenzoate, Ac-Ala4 (at the Ala-1-Ala-2 bond) and bradykinin (at the Phe-5-Ser-6 bond). No hydrolysis of proteins was detected. Loss of activity in the presence of EDTA or 1,10-phenanthroline was time-dependent. Metal ions found to restore activity after treatment with EDTA were Zn2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Co2+ and Cd2+, in decreasing order of effectiveness. Ni2+, Fe2+ and higher concentrations of Zn2+ were inhibitory. Inhibition by N-[1-(RS)-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl]-Ala-Ala-Tyr-p-aminobenzoate and related compounds showed Ki values (down to 5 nM) somewhat lower than those for the rat enzyme. Pz-peptidase was activated by low concentrations of 2-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol, but inhibited by higher concentrations. p-Chloromercuribenzoate and some other thiol-blocking reagents were inhibitory. Inactivation by diethyl pyrocarbonate that was reversible by hydroxylamine showed the presence of essential histidine residue(s). We conclude that chicken Pz-peptidase is a metallo-endopeptidase with thiol-dependence. Moreover, the properties of chicken Pz-peptidase agree with those described for mammalian soluble metallo-endopeptidase and endo-oligopeptidase A. consistent with the view that these three types of activity are all attributable to the single enzyme for which the name thimet peptidase has been proposed.
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SOIL NAILING (1993)

An investigation of the behaviour of sand reinforced with soil nails is being conducted using a large shear box. The box has a shear plane 1.5m x 1.5m and is 3m long, permitting prototype scale nails to be tested. The results of experiments investigating the enhancement in shear capacity of soil reinforced using nails and of soil-nail interaction are presented. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 860485.
Sleep Disturbance in Older Adults With or Without Mild Cognitive Impairment and Its Associated Factors Residing in Rural Area, China (2020)

Sleep disturbance is more common in older adults with MCI than without MCI in rural areas of China. The factors influencing sleep disturbances vary between older adults with or without MCI, with age and ADL representing common factors influencing sleep disturbance in both groups. Interventions focusing on the age, drinking habits, affect balance and ADL may improve sleep quality in MCI older adults.
Characterisation and device applications of Zn<inf>x</inf>Mg<inf>1&#x2212;x</inf>O films grown by pulsed laser deposition (2010)

Zn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> Mg <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1−x</inf> O films have been deposited using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) onto a-plane sapphire substrates and incorporated into ultraviolet sensors based on IrO/ Zn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> Mg <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1−x</inf> O Schottky barrier contacts. Electron diffraction showed that the films were highly crystalline with low surface roughness. Atomic force micros-copy showed this roughness to be &#60;2% of the film thickness. The IrO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> /Zn <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> Mg <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1−x</inf> O Schottky devices exhibited good rectification (barrier heights ∼0.88 eV and ideality factors ∼1.7) and UV sensing capability.
Manganese distribution in the Mn-hyperaccumulator Grevillea meisneri from New Caledonia (2021)

Abstract • Grevillea meisneri , an endemic New Caledonian Mn-hyperaccumulator, is used in rehabilitation of degraded mining sites on the island. Large-scale programs require transplanting nursery-grown seedlings, but effects of the nursery environment on Mn tolerance of transplants and their capacity to hyper-accumulate Mn are unknown, slowing rehabilitation efforts.• We studied tissue-level distribution of Mn and other elements in different tissues of G. meisneri using micro-X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy (μXRF), comparing nursery-grown plants transplanted into the site and sampled seven years later, and similar-sized plants that had grown spontaneously in the site. • Mirroring patterns in other Mn-hyperaccumulators, Mn was preferentially accumulated in leaves but was also present in roots. Concentrations were highest in leaf epidermal tissues, in cortex and vascular tissues of stems and primary roots, and in phloem and pericycle-endodermis of parent cluster roots. Although abundant in soil, Ni was absent from all tissues of G. meisneri . Ca was always co-localised with Mn. Preferential uptake of Mn vs Ni in roots implies as-yet-uncharacterized specific Mn-transporters, while Ca and Mn co-localisation suggests shared transport pathways. • No differences were observed in concentration and distribution of Mn in transplanted and spontaneously-growing plants. Nursery-grown transplants should be highly suitable for large-scale, high-throughput rehabilitation programs.
Risk Factor Analysis for Proximal Junctional Kyphosis After Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A New Simple Scoring System to Identify High-Risk Patients (2019)

A pragmatic scoring system was developed that is tied to the increasing risk of PJK. These findings are helpful for surgical planning and preoperative counseling.
Rapid scene reconstruction on mobile phones from panoramic images (2011)

Rapid 3D reconstruction of environments has become an active research topic due to the importance of 3D models in a huge number of applications, be it in Augmented Reality (AR), architecture or other commercial areas. In this paper we present a novel system that allows for the generation of a coarse 3D model of the environment within several seconds on mobile smartphones. By using a very fast and flexible algorithm a set of panoramic images is captured to form the basis of wide field-of-view images required for reliable and robust reconstruction. A cheap on-line space carving approach based on Delaunay triangulation is employed to obtain dense, polygonal, textured representations. The use of an intuitive method to capture these images, as well as the efficiency of the reconstruction approach allows for an application on recent mobile phone hardware, giving visually pleasing results almost instantly.
Theory of high gain cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion (2014)

We compute the output of multimode cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) for subthreshold, but otherwise arbitrary, gain. We find analytic Bogoliubov transformations that allow us to calculate arbitrary field correlation functions, including the second-order intensity correlation function ${G}^{(2)}(T)$. The results show evidence of increased coherence due to stimulated SPDC. We extend an earlier model [Lu and Ou, Phys. Rev. A 62, 033804 (2000)] to arbitrary gain and finesse, and show the extension gives accurate results in most scenarios. The results will allow simple, analytic description of cavity-based nonclassical light sources for quantum networking, quantum-enhanced sensing of atoms, and generation of highly nonclassical field states.
Resistin upregulates chemokine production by fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2017)

Resistin contributes to the pathogenesis of RA by increasing chemokine production by FLSs via CAP1 in synovial tissue.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of the Deoxycholic Acid Derivative with Two 4‐Trifluoroacetylbenzoyl Groups as a Carbonate Ionophore. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of Oral Supplementation on Catch-Up Growth in Picky Eaters (2003)

Ninety-two subjects ages 36 to 60 months who had picky-eater behavior and evidence of growth faltering were randomized to receive either nutrition counseling alone, or nutrition counseling plus a nutritional supplement (Study) for 90 days. The Study group had significantly greater increases in weight and height. There were no significant differences between groups in changes in appetite or activity levels, or in gastrointestinal symptom scores. The percent of subjects who developed upper respiratory tract infections was significantly lower in the Study group. These data suggest that a nutritional supplement in addition to nutrition counseling promote catch-up growth and may contribute to lower rates of infectious disease in children with picky eater behavior.
Gas -source molecular beam epitaxial growth and characterization of the (Al,In,Ga)NP/GaP material system and its applications to light -emitting diodes (2006)

Nitrogen incorporation into GaAs has received much attention in the last decade, because of its application to long-wavelength lasers. However, nitrogen incorporation into GaP (100) has not received much attention to date despite the promising application of this material system to yellow-amber-red light-emitting diodes. In order to investigate the not yet well-studied (Al,In,Ga)NP material system, we use gas-source molecular beam (MBE), in which nitrogen radicals are used as nitrogen precursor, to grow these mixed group-V alloy semiconductors with excellent crystallinity. This dissertation is divided into two major parts. In the first part we describe the growth and characterization of the (Al,In,Ga)NP material system. Optical and structural properties of GaNP bulk layers, AlGaNP bulk layers, and InGaNP quantum wells are studied. The dependence of the GaNP band gap vs. nitrogen concentration and temperature dependent PL are analyzed. For AlGaNP layers, using a thermodynamic approach we explain the difference between nitrogen incorporation into GaP and AlP. The dependence of the emission wavelength vs. nitrogen and indium compositions is studied for InGaNP QWs. The electron effective mass is determined for InGaNP materials with different indium concentration. The conduction and valence band offsets are calculated for the InGaNP/GaP heterojunction. In the second part, we describe LED chip fabrication and contacts optimization. development of n-type and p-type contacts is discussed. A description of LED chip processing optimization is given for a p-i-n diode structure. The band offsets are compared for (Al,In,Ga)NP-based LED structures and conventional AlInGaP-based LED structures; they are 2-3 times higher in LEDs based on the (Al,In,Ga)NP material system. Growth and fabrication results for bulk GaNP-based amber LEDs are discussed. Color stability (electroluminescence peak wavelength shift vs. current) is compared for GaNPbased LEDs and AlInGaP-based LEDs; the wavelength shift of (Al, In,Ga)NP-based LED chips is ̃ 6 times less than that of AlInGaP-based LED chips, in the drive current range of 10 - 60 mA. The influence of In concentration in InGaNP QWs on EL properties of LED chips is reported. Single and multiple InGaNP QW-based LEDs are studied
Scanning magneto-optical lens for surface analysis (2009)

We demonstrate the essential principles for performing a novel form of metastable-atom microscopy, namely focusing and scanning of a He 23S beam. A magneto-optical lens, in conjunction with time-varying magnetic field components, has been used to scan a beam of He 23S atoms across a sample surface in a manner analogous to other scanning probe techniques. The instrument developed is the first to apply methods in the laser manipulation of atoms specifically to the study of surfaces. With the lens in its current arrangement, a beam of He 23S atoms with an intensity of ∼6 × 1012 atoms s−1 cm−2 may be directed anywhere within a sample area of ∼64 mm2 at a focal distance of 1.4 m and with a focal spot full-width at half-maximum of <2 mm. Such control over the intensity and position of the He 23S beam greatly benefits the surface analysis technique of metastable de-excitation spectroscopy, as demonstrated with example spectra from a clean Si(1 1 1) 7 × 7 surface.
Contents Vol. 106, 2004 (2004)

Assignment of two isoforms
Analysis of winding stockroll potential (1990)

When a dielectric web is wound into a stockroll, the electrical potential of the stockroll can build to a very high value if the web carries a net electrical charge, such as from electrification by conveyance rollers. If the web has a somewhat conductive layer the stockroll potential will reach a limiting value due to conduction away from the stockroll. If the web has finite resistivity, a current will flow in the web, due to the potential gradient between the building stockroll and the last conveyance roller, and may be sufficient to limit the stockroll potential (SRP). The relationship between this limiting SRP and the conveyance parameters of web velocity, web conductivity, charge density on the moving web, and other parameters is discussed in terms of a model whose characteristics are derived and compared with measurements made on winding stockrolls in a laboratory. Experimental results that confirm the predictions of the model are presented. The level of net charge on the web before windup is found to influence the rate at which the equilibrium potential is approached, but does not affect the ultimate equilibrium potential of the stockroll.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Experimentally induced psoriatic lesion associates with interleukin (IL)-6 in mast cells and appearance of dermal cells expressing IL-33 and IL-6 receptor (2012)

Mast cells are involved in the development of psoriatic lesion, but it is not known how mast cells are activated or whether mast cell cytokines are expressed during the lesion development. In this study, the Köbner reaction was induced in uninvolved psoriatic skin of 18 patients using the tape-stripping technique, and a sequence of biopsies was collected at 0 days, 2 h and 3 days or at 0 days, 1 day and 7 days for histochemical analysis. Eight patients developed the Köbner reaction verified at the follow-up visit 2-2·5 weeks later. No significant differences were observed in total tryptase(+) mast cells, psoriasis area and severity index and age/sex. Instead, the percentage of tryptase(+) mast cells showing interleukin (IL)-6 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in biopsies from Köbner-positive patients than in those from Köbner-negative patients. IL-33 is a known inducer of IL-6 in mast cells, and the number of IL-33(+) cells increased significantly in Köbner-positive dermal skin at days 3-7. The number of dermal cells with IL-6 receptor (IL-6R, CD126) also increased in Köbner-positive skin at days 3-7. Unexpectedly, the number of IL-6R(+) cells was even higher in Köbner-negative skin at days 3-7. In the chronic plaque of 10 other psoriatic patients, the numbers of IL-6(+) mast cells and dermal cells showing IL-6R were higher than those in the non-lesional skin. In conclusion, the positive Köbner reaction is associated with IL-6 in mast cells and appearance of IL-6R(+) and IL-33(+) dermal cells. This suggests that a previously unrecognized vicious circle may develop in the early psoriatic lesion.
Coevolution of the Mammalian Middle Ear and Neocortex (1996)

Phylogenetic analysis with x-ray computed tomography of fossilized and recent crania implicates differential growth of the neocortex in the evolution and development of the mammalian middle ear. In premammalian tetrapods, the middle ear evolved as a chain of bones attached to the mandible and cranium, but in adult mammals the chain is detached from the mandible and lies behind it. The neocortex evolved concurrently with detachment of the chain. In mammalian development the auditory chain arises connected to the mandible but later detaches, recapitulating the phylogenetic transformation. In modern didelphid development, the auditory chain reaches mature size by the third week after birth and is then separated from the jaw and displaced caudally as the neocortex grows for another 9 weeks.