gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin II Receptor Types 1A, 1B, and 2 in Murine Neuroblastoma Neuro‐2a Cells (2003)

In this study, the mouse neuroblastoma cell line Neuro-2a was analyzed for expression of angiotensin II receptors. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that Neuro-2a cells express mRNA of angiotensin II (AngII) receptor subtypes AT1A, AT1B, and AT2. Analysis of Neuro-2a cells by Western blotting revealed AT1 and AT2 receptor protein expression. The predominant molecular weights were determined to be 50.4 kDa for the AT1 receptor and 62.4 kDa for the AT2 receptor. Observation of AT1 and AT2 receptor localization within Neuro-2a cells using immunocytochemistry showed distribution similar to other G-protein coupled receptors with diffuse distribution in the cytosol, perinuclear enrichment and accumulation of receptors on the outer cellular periphery with extension into the neurites. Furthermore, we observed InsP3 formation following AngII induction that could be abolished in presence of the AT1A receptor antagonist losartan. The results clearly show expression of the AngII receptor types AT1A and AT2 in the Neuro-2a cell line. We conclude that Neuro-2a cells represent an interesting model cell line for study of mechanisms that control the interplay between these receptors.
Influence of the oxidation step on the behaviour and the performances of an oxygen carrier in fixed bed reactor (2013)

Chemical Looping Combustion is a promising technology for clean power generation with integrated CO2 capture. In this process the oxygen required for combustion is provided by a metal oxide. This work deals with the development of an experimental procedure to study performances of an oxygen carrier during oxidation/reduction cycles and the influence of the oxidation step on its behaviour. Tests were performed in a laboratory fixed bed reactor, with NiO/NiAl2O4, a promising oxygen carrier, and CO as fuel. Two different protocols of oxidation were studied. Results reveal that the oxidation step conditions can change the performances of the oxygen carrier. A significant decrease in total reduction capacity was observed using the regeneration step at high temperature due to structural changes in particles. SEM analysis reveals that particle surface contains different crystallites according to this procedure. With the second procedure (oxidation in temperature ramp), nickel is partially agglomerated.
Some Anil Additions Involving Organosilicon Compounds (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Anil Additions Involving Organosilicon CompoundsHenry. Gilman and Mary Alys. PlunkettCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 3, 1117Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01171a508https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01171a508research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stereospecific and stereoselective reactions. I. Preparation of amines from alcohols (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereospecific and stereoselective reactions. I. Preparation of amines from alcoholsOyo Mitsunobu, Makoto Wada, and Takashi SanoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 2, 679–680Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00757a085https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00757a085research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2300Altmetric-Citations271LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A CAUSAL HIERARCHICAL MARKOV FRAMEWORK FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF MULTIRESOLUTION AND MULTISENSOR REMOTE SENSING IMAGES (2020)

Abstract. In this paper, a multiscale Markov framework is proposed in order to address the problem of the classification of multiresolution and multisensor remotely sensed data. The proposed framework makes use of a quadtree to model the interactions across different spatial resolutions and a Markov model with respect to a generic total order relation to deal with contextual information at each scale in order to favor applicability to very high resolution imagery. The methodological properties of the proposed hierarchical framework are investigated. Firstly, we prove the causality of the overall proposed model, a particularly advantageous property in terms of computational cost of the inference. Secondly, we prove the expression of the marginal posterior mode criterion for inference on the proposed framework. Within this framework, a specific algorithm is formulated by defining, within each layer of the quadtree, a Markov chain model with respect to a pixel scan that combines both a zig-zag trajectory and a Hilbert space-filling curve. Data collected by distinct sensors at the same spatial resolution are fused through gradient boosted regression trees. The developed algorithm was experimentally validated with two very high resolution datasets including multispectral, panchromatic and radar satellite images. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm as compared to previous techniques based on alternate approaches to multiresolution fusion.
1P2-U01 Discussion of behavior change by simultaneous measurement of EAG on 3-DOF servosphere(Mobiligence and embodiment systems science) (2014)

Chemical Plume Tracing(CPT), locating the distant odor source in a turbulent environment, has been studied for robotic odor source search. However, solving CPT problem is not easy because structure of plume in the air is complicated. Therefore we focus on the behavior of silkworm moth. Silkworm moth, bombyx mori, is one of the insects that have the ability to solve CPT problem. To measure their CPT algorithm, we propose the behavior observation untethered system, 3-DOF servosphere and it can enable us observe silkworm's natural behavior. We also developed simultaneous estimation system of stimuli input. In this study, we can analyze interaction between CPT algorithm and stimuli input.
Application of drug delivery system to boron neutron capture therapy for cancer (2008)

We describe several DDS technologies for boron delivery to cancer tissues and cancer cells from the past to current status. We are convinced that it will be possible to use liposomes, monoclonal antibodies and WOW emulsions as boron delivery systems for BNCT clinically in accordance with the preparation of good commercial product (GCP) grade materials.
Polymer-incorporated iron catalysts for ethylene polymerization—a new approach to immobilize iron olefin catalysts on polystyrene chains (2002)

2,6-Bis(imino)pyridyl iron catalysts bearing allyl groups [ArNC(Me)][Ar′NC(Me)]C5H3NFeCl2 (Ar = Ar′ = 4-allyl-2,6-(i-Pr)2C6H2 (Cat-1); Ar = 2,6-(i-Pr)2C6H3, Ar′ = 4-allyl-2,6-(i-Pr)2C6H3 (Cat-2)) have been synthesized and characterized. The corresponding polymer-incorporated iron catalysts PC-1, PC-2 and their SiO2-supported core–shell structure catalysts SC-1 and SC-2 were obtained by the co-polymerization of the olefin groups of Cat-1 or Cat-2 with styrene in the presence of a radical initiator. All three types of catalysts (Cat-1 and Cat-2; PC-1 and PC-2; SC-1 and SC-2) have been investigated for ethylene polymerization. As a result, these catalysts were found to exhibit high activity using modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) as a co-catalyst. Among them, the polymer-incorporated SiO2 core–shell catalysts displayed very high activity (∼3181 g (mmol Fe)−1 h−1) with product molecular weights in the range 25–93 × 104. The particle morphology of polyethylene produced by the core–shell structure catalysts (SC-1 and SC-2) was improved.
Perkutane transluminale Angioplastie zur Behandlung der Transplantatnierenarterienstenose (2016)

Retrospektive Evaluation der Stent-Implantation zur Behandlung von Transplantatnierenarterienstenosen (TPLNAST).
Extracellular proteases as targets for treatment of cancer metastases (2004)

Metastasis, the dissemination of tumor cells to distant organs, is often associated with fatal outcome in cancer patients. Formation of metastasis requires degradation of extracellular matrices and several families of proteases have been implicated in this process, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), serine and cysteine proteases. Inhibition of these enzymes in animal models of metastasis has shown impressive therapeutic effects. This report discusses the various approaches used for enzyme inhibition and describes new developments in drug design for inhibition of proteases in metastatic disease.
Moire Fringes as a Means of Analyzing Strains (1961)

Application of moire fringes in determination of strains in 2-dimensional models; Moire pattern is interpreted here as function of displacements, from which strains in Lagrangian and Eulerian descriptions are determined; formulas given.
Intracellular retention of mutant retinoschisin is the pathological mechanism underlying X-linked retinoschisis (2002)

X-linked retinoschisis results in visual loss in early life with splitting within the inner retinal layers. Many missense and protein truncating mutations of the causative gene RS1 (encoding retinoschisin) have been identified but disease severity is not mutation-dependent. Retinoschisin is a soluble secretory protein predicted to have a globular conformation. Missense mutations would be expected to interfere with protein folding leading to an abnormal conformation and intracellular retention and elimination. To test this hypothesis we have expressed seven pathological RS1 mutations (L12H, C59S, G70S, R102W, G109R, R141G and R213W) in COS-7 cells and investigated their intracellular processing and transport. Using immunoblotting and confocal fluorescent immunocytochemistry we show normal secretion of WT RS1, but either reduced (C59S and R141G) or absent (L12H, G70S, R102W, G109R and R213W) secretion of mutant RS1 and intracellular retention. In addition, we show that L12H RS1 is degraded by proteasomes and in vitro transcription/translation revealed the defects in both cleavage of its signal peptide and translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum. Our results indicate the pathological basis of RS1 is intracellular retention of the majority of mutant proteins, which may explain why disease severity is not mutation-specific. Furthermore, we have shown that in vitro expression of RS1 may be a useful functional assay to investigate the pathogenicity of sequence changes within the RS1 gene.
Review of Fusion Systems and Contributing Technologies for SIHS-TD (Examen des Systemes de Fusion et des Technologies d'Appui pour la DT SIHS) (2007)

The major objectives of the report were to identify and review the field of image fusion and contributing technologies and to recommend systems, algorithms and metrics for the proposed SIHS TD Vision SST fusion test bed. A search of the relevant literature was conducted using the relevant databases and approximately 150 papers of primary utility were identified for review. The report provides an in depth introduction to fusion hardware and software technologies and evaluation metrics. The effort focused on identifying promising sensing fusion technologies that could be utilized by the Soldier's Integrated Helmet System Technology Demonstrator (SIHS TD). The SIHS TD Vision Sub System Team plans to develop a fusion test bed in the near term to quantify dismounted soldier performance. The systems examined in this project were projected to be mature and compatible with man packed applications by the year 2007. The literature review identified considerable technological advancements in sensor size reduction, power demand reductions, and increases in resolution. The report analyzed select sensor systems for their suitability in the fusion test bed based on sensor form factors, detector resolution, and real time performance. Recommendations on what sensors to include in the fusion test bed are included. The report provides an in depth introduction into image fusion approaches. A list of potential fusion algorithms were identified and reviewed. Recommendations on what fusion algorithms should be examined in the fusion test bed are provided. A number of subjective and objective fusion evaluation approaches and metrics were proposed in the literature to quantify and qualify image fusion performance. Recommendations on what valid fusion metrics should be utilized in the fusion test bed are provided. Improvements to fusion subjective evaluation approaches are also detailed. Finally, summary suggestions for the Vision SST fusion test bed are provided.
Motion of dissolved gas in a cavitating fluid. (2009)

A strong acoustic field in a liquid separates the liquid and dissolved gases by the formation of bubbles (cavitation). Bubble growth and collapse is the result of active exchange of gas and vapor through the bubble walls with the surrounding liquid. This work investigates a new approach to the study of cavitation, not as an evolution of discrete bubbles, but as the dynamics of molecules constituting both the bubbles and the fluid. Direct Magnetic Resonance Imaging measurements of dynamics of the liquid and the dissolved gas show that the motions of dissolved gas (freon-22, CHClF2) and liquid (water) can be very different during acoustic cavitation and are strongly affected by the ultrasonic power, filtration, or previous cavitation of the solvent. The observations suggest that bubbles can completely refresh their content within two acoustic cycles and that long-lived (∼minutes) microbubbles act as nucleation sites for cavitation. The technique is complementary to the traditional optical and acoustical techniques. [V. Mastikhin and B. Newling, Physical Review E (2005, 2008).] [Authors thank the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada for funding.]
Organic-Inorganic Nanostructured Composites with Large Optical Nonlinearity for Optical Applications (2005)

We calculated several orders of magnitude enhancement in the third-order optical nonlinearity of organic-inorganic nanopatterned materials. We also show how to make the quantum dots, a nanoscale grid, and pattern the dots within the grid.
Intramolecular Homolytic Displacements. 24. Simple Access to Glycidic Esters via Induced Decomposition of Peroxyketals Derived from Ethyl 2-(1-Hydroperoxyethyl)propenoate (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular Homolytic Displacements. 24. Simple Access to Glycidic Esters via Induced Decomposition of Peroxyketals Derived from Ethyl 2-(1-Hydroperoxyethyl)propenoateDaniel Colombani and Bernard MaillardCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 17, 4765–4772Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00096a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00096a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
N-Cinnamoyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester (2007)

As part of an ongoing investigation into the development of N-substituted amino acids as building blocks for dynamic combinatorial chemistry, we report the structure of the title compound, C(19)H(19)NO(3). This compound crystallizes as discrete mol-ecules. The cinnamoyl group is non-planar, with the phenyl ring and the amide twisted out of the ethyl-ene plane. The benzyl and ester groups lie above and below the amide plane. The mol-ecules stack along the crystallographic c axis, connecting through C(4) chains of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, with the extended structure stabilized by C-H⋯O inter-actions and π-π inter-actions [centroid-to-centroid distances 3.547 (8) and 3.536 (8) Å].
Learning to Rank Using Semantic Features in Document Retrieval (2009)

This paper describes an approach to retrieve documents adopting machine learning method. The application of machine learning to document retrieval, which can be so called ldquolearning to rankrdquo, has been a hot research topic in the information retrieval and machine learning communities recently. One of the characters that discriminates this work from other studies is the use of semantic features while classifying the documents. Firstly, we extract the semantic structures from collection and index documents on these structures. Later, we construct a SVM classifier and generate it using pairwise training data. Lastly, we use this SVM to judge the relevance of documents according to given queries. In the extracting of semantic structures phrase, an analysis system that we developed previously is used. The analysis system is based on modifying relations (MR) and on the help of a knowledge base called MRKB. We give a general introduction about the system in this paper. The experiment is done on the benchmark dataset OHSUMED, and the experimental results shows that the proposed method outperforms other approaches based barely on string frequency.
Analytical solution for arbitrarily located multiwells in an anisotropic homogeneous confined aquifer (2003)

Analytical solutions have been suggested to delineate the capture zone created by multiwells for the remediation design of contaminated groundwater. These previous analytical solutions are often restricted to pumping wells only, specific well locations, a limited number of wells, and isotropic aquifer. An alternative analytical steady state solution was suggested to deal with arbitrarily located multiinjection‐pumping wells in an anisotropic homogeneous aquifer. The solution can be an alternative solution for easily and conveniently calculating the hydraulic head and gradient in a complex flow field caused by multiinjection‐pumping wells at different rates, and will consequently be useful for pump‐and‐treat design.
Ruminal Acidosis in Beef Cattle: The Current Microbiological and Nutritional Outlook (2007)

Ruminal acidosis continues to be a common ruminal digestive disorder in beef cattle and can lead to marked reductions in cattle performance. Ruminal acidosis or increased accumulation of organic acids in the rumen reflects imbalance between microbial production, microbial utilization, and ruminal absorption of organic acids. The severity of acidosis, generally related to the amount, frequency, and duration of grain feeding, varies from acute acidosis due to lactic acid accumulation, to subacute acidosis due to accumulation of volatile fatty acids in the rumen. Ruminal microbial changes associated with acidosis are reflective of increased availability of fermentable substrates and subsequent accumulation of organic acids. Microbial changes in the rumen associated with acute acidosis have been well documented. Microbial changes in subacute acidosis resemble those observed during adaptation to grain feeding and have not been well documented. The decrease in ciliated protozoal population is a common feature of both forms of acidosis and may be a good microbial indicator of an acidotic rumen. Other microbial factors, such as endotoxin and histamine, are thought to contribute to the systemic effects of acidosis. Various models have been developed to assess the effects of variation in feed intake, dietary roughage amount and source, dietary grain amount and processing, step-up regimen, dietary addition of fibrous byproducts, and feed additives. Models have been developed to study effects of management considerations on acidosis in cattle previously adapted to grain-based diets. Although these models have provided useful information related to ruminal acidosis, many are inadequate for detecting responses to treatment due to inadequate replication, low feed intakes by the experimental cattle that can limit the expression of acidosis, and the feeding of cattle individually, which reduces experimental variation but limits the ability of researchers to extrapolate the data to cattle performing at industry standards. Optimal model systems for assessing effects of various management and nutritional strategies on ruminal acidosis will require technologies that allow feed intake patterns, ruminal conditions, and animal health and performance to be measured simultaneously in a large number of cattle managed under conditions similar to commercial feed yards. Such data could provide valuable insight into the true extent to which acidosis affects cattle performance.
Rhizophoraceae alkaloids. Part III. Cassipourine (1967)

Cassipourine, C14H22N2S4, a ditertiary base, gives pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrrolidine by zinc-dust distillation, and pyrrolizidine by desulphurisation with Raney nickel. Oxidation of cassipourine with hydrogen peroxide gives the di-N-oxide and with concentrated nitric acid pyrrolizidine disulphonic acid N-oxide. The reactions are discussed on the basis of the structures as 1α,1′β:2β,2′α-(bisdithiodi-8α-pyrrolizidine) determined by X-ray analysis.
Is intestinal oxidative stress involved in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis? (2016)

This study did not find indications for oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation in the small and large intestine of stable compensated cirrhotic patients. Although these preliminary findings need further validation, we found intestinal oxidative stress not to be a major mechanism contributing to epithelial barrier dysfunction in patients with compensated cirrhosis.