gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Speculative Review of Possible Carotenoid Function in Fish (1981)

Abstract The subject of carotenoid nutrition in fish is reexamined on the basis of information concerning carotenoid function in microorganisms and ruminants. The protective action of carotenoids against photodynamic damage and the relation between β-carotene and bovine fertility are discussed. Tentative suggestions are made regarding the possible metabolic role of carotenoids during egg and larval development in fish. It is suggested that carotenoids may perform a biological role similar to that of α-tocopherol (as a naturally occuring antioxidant), protecting delicate tissues and reactive compounds from oxidative damage. Well-controlled trials will be required to clarify the role of carotenoids (other than for vitamin A activity and pigmentation) in selected fish and crustaceans.
QUANTUM OSCILLATORS: APPLICATIONS IN STATISTICAL MECHANICS (1992)

We consider a canonical ensemble of q oscillators. Using classical realization for q oscillator algebra, 17 we calculate, for a small real q, the partition function and thermodynamic potentials F, E and S. We show that F reaches the minimum and E and S the maximum (as functions of the deformation parameter q) when q = 1 (for the classical oscillator). We argue about possible far-reaching consequences of this fact. As an application we obtain a first quantum correction to Planck's black body radiation law. We introduce the slightly deformed oscillator (SDO) model, which provides us with a significant amount of information about the system. When q = 1, our results are shown to coincide with classical results.
WLA4ND: a Wearable Dataset of Learning Activities for Young Adults with Neurodiversity to Provide Support in Education (2021)

Data-driven assistive wearable technologies are promising to support young adults with neurodiversity in inclusive education. Existing datasets focus on wearable sensor data of various activities from neurotypical people. However, no dataset exists including learning-related activity data from individuals with neurodiversity. The contributions of this paper include (1) WLA4ND, a dataset of learning activities performed by eight young adults with neurodiversity collected from smartwatch sensors. The activities are common learning tasks, including reading, writing, typing, answering follow-up questions, and off-task. (2) Evaluation of classification on WLA4ND with five activity recognition models, including conventional and deep learning methods. The Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) model achieved a balanced accuracy of 92.2% for user-dependent evaluations, while Federated Multi-Task Hierarchical Attention Model (FATHOM) achieved 91.8% for user-independent evaluations. This evaluation demonstrates that existing activity recognition technologies can be applied to neurodiverse populations. Also, WLA4ND can be used by researchers as a complement for activity recognition, automatic labeling, and next-generation assistive wearable applications.
Combination clinical trials with thymidine and fluorouracil: A phase I and clinical pharmacologic evaluation (1980)

Phase I observations of combined therapy with thymidine (TdR) and 5-fluorouracil (FU) have demonstrated that when TdR is administered by rapid infusion at a dose of 7.5 or 15g and FU is given by bolus injection 60 minutes after the start of the TdR dose, the biologic activity of Fu is increased five- to eight-fold. The observed toxicity is primarily hematopoietic: 15g TdR and 7.5 or 10mg/kg FU produced median white blood count nadirs of 2,600 on day 16 and platelet count nadirs of 150,000 on day 14. The combined therapy produced two partial remissions in 18 patients with colon cancer, 17 of which had experienced progression of disease on FU containing regimens. Partial remissions were also obtained in two heavily pretreated patients with ovarian cancer and diffuse, poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. Plasma analyses for TdR and FU and their metabolic products by high pressure liquid chromatography have demonstrated a marked elevation and prolongation of FU levels. The beta phase T 1/2 for 7.5mg/kg FU were: FU alone 6 minutes, 7.5g TdR + FU 135 minutes, 15g TdR + FU 188 minutes, and TdR 45g + FU 190 minutes. The addition of TdR all but eliminated oxidative metabolism of FU; renal clearance became the primary detoxification route. Thymidine levels exceeded 10(-3)M; the beta phase T 1/2 of TdR varied with the administered dose: 3gTdR, 7 minutes; 7.5g TdR, 24 minutes; 15g TdR, 52 minutes; and 45g TdR, 98 minutes.
A Saccharomyces cerevisiae Assay System to Investigate Ligand/AdipoR1 Interactions That Lead to Cellular Signaling (2013)

Adiponectin is a mammalian hormone that exerts anti-diabetic, anti-cancer and cardioprotective effects through interaction with its major ubiquitously expressed plasma membrane localized receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. Here, we report a Saccharomyces cerevisiae based method for investigating agonist-AdipoR interactions that is amenable for high-throughput scale-up and can be used to study both AdipoRs separately. Agonist-AdipoR1 interactions are detected using a split firefly luciferase assay based on reconstitution of firefly luciferase (Luc) activity due to juxtaposition of its N- and C-terminal fragments, NLuc and CLuc, by ligand induced interaction of the chimeric proteins CLuc-AdipoR1 and APPL1-NLuc (adaptor protein containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine binding domain and leucine zipper motif 1-NLuc) in a S. cerevisiae strain lacking the yeast homolog of AdipoRs (Izh2p). The assay monitors the earliest known step in the adiponectin-AdipoR anti-diabetic signaling cascade. We demonstrate that reconstituted Luc activity can be detected in colonies or cells using a CCD camera and quantified in cell suspensions using a microplate reader. AdipoR1-APPL1 interaction occurs in absence of ligand but can be stimulated specifically by agonists such as adiponectin and the tobacco protein osmotin that was shown to have AdipoR-dependent adiponectin-like biological activity in mammalian cells. To further validate this assay, we have modeled the three dimensional structures of receptor-ligand complexes of membrane-embedded AdipoR1 with cyclic peptides derived from osmotin or osmotin-like plant proteins. We demonstrate that the calculated AdipoR1-peptide binding energies correlate with the peptides' ability to behave as AdipoR1 agonists in the split luciferase assay. Further, we demonstrate agonist-AdipoR dependent activation of protein kinase A (PKA) signaling and AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in S. cerevisiae, which are homologous to important mammalian adiponectin-AdipoR1 signaling pathways. This system should facilitate the development of therapeutic inventions targeting adiponectin and/or AdipoR physiology.
Saliva urea dipstick test: application in chronic kidney disease (2011)

Semiquantitative dipstick measurements of SUN can reliably identify CKD patients with elevated BUN levels.
Expression of the Woodchuck N- myc 2 Retroposon in Brain and in Liver Tumors Is Driven by a Cryptic N- myc Promoter (1992)

The woodchuck intronless proto-oncogene N-myc2 was initially discovered as a frequent target site for hepadnavirus integration in hepatocellular carcinoma. N-myc2 possesses characteristics of a functional retroposon derived from the woodchuck N-myc gene. We have investigated the regulatory signals governing N-myc2 expression and found that a short promoter, including a variant TATA box and potential binding sites for several transcription factors, is localized in the N-myc2 sequences homologous to the 5' untranslated region of the second N-myc exon. The corresponding region in the intron-containing woodchuck N-myc gene also exhibited promoter activity in transient transfection assays. The high evolutionary conservation of these sequences in mammalian N-myc genes suggests that they contain a cryptic N-myc promoter which may be unmasked in the particular context provided by the N-myc2 retroposon. Although N-myc2, like the woodchuck N-myc gene, contributes to an extended CpG island and was found constitutively hypomethylated, it presents a highly restricted expression pattern in adult animals. Whereas the intron-containing N-myc gene is expressed at low levels in different tissues, N-myc2 mRNA was detected only in brain tissue, raising questions about the functional significance of the maintenance of a second N-myc gene in the woodchuck genome.
ChemInform Abstract: OLEFIN METHATHESIS. DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW CATALYST EMPLOYING TUNGSTEN HEXACHLORIDE AND LITHIUM ALUMINUM HYDRIDE (1978)

Abstract Die optimalen Bedingungen für die Verwendung des Katalysators WCl 6 ‐LiAlH4 bei der im Formelschema angegebenen Reaktion werden entwickelt.
Superconducting RF cavities: past, present and future (2003)

In the last two decades many laboratories around the world, notably Argonne (ANL), TJNAF (formerly CEBAF), CERN, DESY and KEK, undertook the development of the technology of superconducting (SC) accelerating cavities. The aim was either to increase the accelerator energy or to save electrical consumption or both. This technology has been used extensively in the operating machines showing good performances and strong reliability. At present, the technology using bulk niobium (Nb) or Nb coated on copper (Cu) is mature enough to be applied for many different applications, such as synchrotron light sources and spallation neutron drivers. Results, R&D work and future projects will be presented with emphasis on application to linear accelerators.
Controlling propagation environments using Intelligent Walls (2012)

This paper introduces the concept of an Active Wall (a wall equipped with an active frequency selective surface) as a powerful instrument to control the propagation environment. Further, the evolved Active Wall, referred to as an Intelligent Wall, is considered to be an autonomous part of a smart indoor environment for cognitive wireless networks. The Intelligent Wall is a wall inside a building equipped with an active frequency selective surface, simple low-cost sensors and a cognitive engine with machine-learning ability. Using simulations, it has been shown that a Smart environment based on Intelligent Walls can react to the immediate demands of an indoor wireless system, control radio coverage, and, consequently, influence overall system performance. The concept of Intelligent Walls is described and evaluated based on the simple implementation of an arrangement of two Intelligent Walls in a conference center scenario. All simulations of Smart environments are performed using a new 3D semi-deterministic propagation model which is described and briefly verified.
Stateless multicast switching in software defined networks (2015)

Multicast data delivery can significantly reduce traffic in operators' networks, but has been limited in deployment due to concerns such as the scalability of state management. This paper shows how multicast can be implemented in contemporary software defined networking (SDN) switches, with less state than existing unicast switching strategies, by utilising a Bloom Filter (BF) based switching technique. Furthermore, the proposed mechanism uses only proactive rule insertion, and thus, is not limited by congestion or delay incurred by reactive controller-aided rule insertion. We compare our solution against common switching mechanisms such as layer-2 switching and MPLS in realistic network topologies by modelling the TCAM state sizes in SDN switches. The results demonstrate that our approach has significantly smaller state size compared to existing mechanisms and thus is a multicast switching solution for next generation networks.
High-Density Drift Spaces (1975)

Multiwire proportional chambers, with high-density drift spaces attached, have been developed as position-sensitive detectors for non-ionizing radiation. A chamber with a 5 g/cm3 drift space comprising a lead-bismuth converter of 0.8 mm round holes on a 1 mm pitch has been investigated. The detection efficiency is 14% at 0.5 MeV, rising to 18% at 0.66 MeV, with a spatial resolution of 1 mm. Higher efficiencies are possible. These chambers offer new possibilities for photon and neutron detection, and for shower detectors for high-energy particles.
Use of Ion Mobility Spectrometry–Mass Spectrometry to Elucidate Architectural Dispersity within Star Polymers (2015)

The power of ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) as an analytical technology for differentiating macromolecular architecture is demonstrated. The presence of architectural dispersity within a sample is probed by sequentially measuring both the drift time and the mass-to-charge ratio for every component within a polymer sample. The utility of this technology is demonstrated by investigating three poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) architectures with closely related average molecular weights of about 9000 Da: a linear PEG, an unevenly branched miktoarm star PEG, and evenly branched homoarm star PEGs. The three architectures were readily distinguished when analyzed separately as "pure" architectures or when analyzed as mixtures. IMS-MS results are contrasted with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-MS and viscometry measurements.
Lineage relationship of prostate cancer cell types based on gene expression (2011)

Non-luminal-like types are all representatives of aggressive disease, and this could be attributed to the similarity in overall gene expression to stem and progenitor cell types.
Comparison of ultracentrifugation methods for concentration of recombinant alphaviruses: sucrose and iodixanol cushions (2012)

Alphavirus vectors have been successfully used as a gene delivery system in animal models. A prerequisite for the efficient expression of heterologous genes is the application of high doses of recombinant viruses. The currently available methods for viral concentration are laborious, costly and often require specialised equipment. Here, we provide a comparative study of three ultracentrifugation methods used for alphavirus concentration: 20% sucrose cushion, double (20 and 50%) sucrose cushion, and double (20 and 50%) iodixanol cushion. The yield of concentrated recombinant Semliki forest virus from each method was evaluated by determination of the viral infectivity in cell culture and genome copy number as quantified using real-time PCR. The best results were obtained using ultracentrifugation on a double iodixanol cushion, a method that generated a high recovery yield (approximately 40%) and a four-fold increase in virus concentration. The methods of concentration on sucrose appeared less satisfactory. Isosmotic iodixanol-containing virus preparations did not affect alphavirus infectivity and can be used directly for in vivo applications.
Topology Mapping for Unstructured Communication Patterns. (2014)

Abstract not provided.
The electrostatic theory of lightning discharges (2016)

Principles of Lightning Physics presents and discusses the most up-to-date physical concepts that govern many lightning events in nature, including lightning interactions with man-made structures, at a level suitable for researchers, advanced students and well-educated lightning enthusiasts. The author's approach to understanding lightning—to seek out, and show what is common to all lightning flashes—is illustrated by an analysis of each type of lightning and the multitude of lightning-related features. The book examines the work that has gone into the development of new physical concepts, and provides critical evaluations of the existing understanding of the physics of lightning and the lexicon of terms and definitions presently used in lightning research.
Extraction of the financial policy topics by latent dirichlet allocation (2014)

We conducted topic extraction concerning the financial policy topics in Japan just after the East-Japan great earthquake disaster in 2011. The target document is text data of the Policy Board of the Bank of Japan financial policy meeting proceedings summaries. The topic extraction methods we used was the LDA algorithm. We extracted interesting three topics from the summaries. One topic has the peaks which overlapped the Japanese stock price fall times. The topic is considered to be related to the risk around the future of Japan. We think that another disaster-related topic expresses the uncertainty of the company production activity. In this paper, we used other economics time series data as plausible reasons to explain the extract topic. We discuss in the paper our approach by economics data to give a plausible excuse for the topic.
Cultured blood T‐cell responses predict anti‐TNF therapy response in patients with ulcerative colitis (2015)

The effects of anti-TNF on cultured blood T cells, obtained before therapy started, predict treatment outcome in patients with UC.
UV-C Lasing From AlGaN Multiple Quantum Wells on Different Types of AlN/Sapphire Templates (2015)

AlGaN multiple quantum well lasers for optical pumping have been grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy on high and low dislocation density AlN/sapphire templates. Lasers on planar templates exhibited high dislocation densities and high V-pit densities, but a smooth surface morphology leading to inefficient, but laterally very homogeneous optical emission. Lasing was not observed when optically pumped with up to 50 MW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Epitaxially laterally overgrown templates on patterned sapphire showed much lower dislocation densities, but also step bunching on the surface. This resulted in good photoluminescence efficiencies of up to 20%, but also in a higher lateral inhomogeneity of the emission. Lasers on these templates exhibited lasing at ~240 nm with low full-width at half-maximum of 1 nm and threshold power densities of 11-15 MW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Operations of the SERSE superconducting ECR ion source at 28 GHz (2001)

The SERSE source has been efficiently working at the Laboratori Nazionali del Sud in Catania since 1998, by operating at 14 and 18 GHz, with a maximum power of about 2 kW. The performance of the source has been optimised for the beam injection into the K-800 Superconducting Cyclotron, i.e. the maximisation of the charge states was looked for, provided that the current of the beam was about 0.5 to 5 eμA, which is the typical analyzed current for routinely operations. In 2000 a collaboration was established in order to test the behavior of SERSE at 28 GHz, so that a new operating domain could be studied, featuring a very dense plasma (up to 1013 cm−3) and a very high ion current (1 emA of Pb27+ is the goal of CERN and GSI for future heavy ion projects and 0.5 emA was considered to be a challenge for our experiment). Tests were carried out with a generator based on a gyrotron tube which was refurbished and made available by CEA; Xenon ions were chosen as a reference being the ionization difficulty for Xe20+ similar to the one of Pb27+. The results were excellent and the current of Xe20+ exceeded our expectations (more than 0.5 emA in afterglow and about 0.3 emA in dc mode). These results, obtained with a power limited to 4 kW in dc mode and 6.5 kW in pulsed mode because of the poor chamber cooling, can be considered as a remarkable step, in view of the third generation of electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS). The details of the experiments will be described, along with the design of the next superconducting ECRIS, the GyroSERSE source, which is expected to produce beam currents above 1 mA for intermediate charge states as well as very high charge states, 50+ to 60+ for the heaviest ions, with currents above 1 eμA.
Changes in health-related quality of life following percutaneous coronary intervention – a nationwide prospective cohort study (2022)

Abstract Background In addition to mortality and morbidity, improved health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a goal of treatment in patients suffering of cardiovascular heart disease. There is a limited knowledge of changes in HRQOL following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Aims The aims of this study were to determine total and gender specific changes in HRQOL at baseline and four-years following PCI. Methods This study use data from the Norwegian Coronary Stent Trial which included 9013 patients undergoing first time percutaneous coronary intervention in Norway during September 2008–February 2011. HRQOL was assessed using the Short-Form-12 (SF-12) at baseline and at four years of follow up in a representative subgroup (n=775). Results The mean age was 64 years (SD 9.2) and 75% were male. Eighty percent were living with a partner and 67% had a higher level of education. The majority of the patients had stable angina as indication for PCI (40%). There was a significant improvement in all domains of SF-12 from baseline to four years of follow up (p&amp;lt;0.001). The highest changes were in Role Physical (43.6 vs. 48.2), Bodily Pain (44.8 vs. 50.1) and Vitality (44.1 vs. 49.3). Analysing gender differences at four years follow-up, men had a higher improvement in the physical component summary score than women (4.8 vs 2.8, p=0.04), but not in the mental component summary score (2.8 vs 4.4, p=0.11). Conclusion In patients undergoing first time PCI, HRQOL improved significant from baseline to four years of follow up. Both at baseline and at five years of follow up males report a higher HRQOL compared to females. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Northern Norway Regional Health Authority
10 Gb/s SCM system using optical single side-band modulation (2002)

A 10 Gb/s subcarrier multiplexing (SCM) long-haul optical system is reported. 4/spl times/2.5 Gb/s data streams are combined into one wavelength, which occupies a 20 GHz optical bandwidth. Optical single sideband modulation (SSB) is used to increase bandwidth efficiency and reduce dispersion penalty.
X-ray micro-tomography to quantify frozen ice cream structure. (2015)

X-ray micro-tomography (X-ray μCT) provided high resolution 3D images of frozen ice cream samples for use in studying the structure and particle size distribution of air bubbles, fat and ice. Ice cream samples were prepared in a laboratory continuous freezer that allowed a feasibility study of microstructure of frozen samples, which were produced in the continuous freezer then stored in a laboratory freezer at -30°C. X-ray microfocus computed tomography (μCT) (Skyscan 1172, Bruker microCT, Kontich, BE) with a temperature-controlled cooling stage was applied to stored frozen samples to investigate the 3-D microstructure of ice cream produced in a continuous process conditions. This provided a unique insight of the fat destabilization and structure network obtained after production and storage. Morphological analysis revealed microstructural properties of the ice cream samples. Significant differences between the phases were observed. In addition, the particle size distribution of ice crystals, fat and air bubbles was obtained. Results showed that microstructure analysis is a powerful tool for quantifying frozen ice cream structure in relation to process, storage and formula changes.