gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobility Prediction Progressive Routing (MP2R), a Cross-Layer Design for Inter-Vehicle Communication (2008)

In this paper we analyze the characteristics of vehicle mobility and propose a novel Mobility Prediction Progressive Routing (MP2R) protocol for Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) that is based on crosslayer design. MP2R utilizes the additional gain provided by the directional antennas to improve link quality and connectivity; interference is reduced by the directional transmission. Each node learns its own position and speed and that of other nodes, and performs position prediction. (i) With the predicted progress and link quality, the forwarding decision of a packet is locally made, just before the packet is actually transmitted. In addition the load at the forwarder is considered in order to avoid congestion. (ii) The predicted geographic direction is used to control the beam of the directional antenna. The proposed MP2R protocol is especially suitable for forwarding burst traffic in highly mobile environments. Simulation results show that MP2R effectively reduces Packet Error Ratio (PER) compared with both topology-based routing (AODV [1], FSR [2]) and normal progressive routing (NADV [18]) in the IVC scenarios.
Comparative study of scoliotic spines using a fast 3D reconstruction method from biplanar X-rays (2008)

"Comparative study of scoliotic spines using a fast 3D reconstruction method from biplanar X-rays." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 11(S1), pp. 117–118 Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge C. Fedelich and C. Gomez for the 3D reconstructions, B. Aubert, D. Mitton, S. Laporte, D. Branchaud, R. Chav and T. Cresson for their taking part in this project.
High-rate synthesis and characterization of brightly luminescent silicon nanoparticles with applications in hybrid materials for photonics and biophotonics (2003)

This presentation focuses on the synthesis and characterization of luminescent silicon nanoparticles that have potential as components of hybrid inorganic/organic materials for photonic and biophotonic applications. In our lab, silicon nanoparticles with bright visible photoluminescence are being prepared by a new combined vapor-phase and solution-phase process, using only inexpensive commodity chemicals. CO<sub>2</sub> laser-induced pyrolysis of silane is used to produce Si nanoparticles at high rates (20 to 200 mg/hour). Particles with an average diameter as small as 5 nm can be prepared directly by this method. Etching these particles with mixtures of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and nitric acid (HNO<sub>3</sub>) reduces the size and passivates the surface of these particles such that they exhibit bright visible luminescence at room temperature. The wavelength of maximum photoluminescence (PL) intensity can be controlled from above 800 nm to below 500 nm by controlling the etching time and conditions. Particles with blue and green emission are prepared by rapid thermal oxidation of orange-emitting particles. These particles have exciting potential applications in optoelectronics, display technology, chemical sensing, biological imaging, and other areas. The availability of relatively large quantities of these particles is allowing us to begin to functionalize particles for these applications, as well as to study the optical, electronic, and surface chemical properties of them. All of these potential applications require inorganic/organic hybrid materials, in the sense that the nanoparticles must have their surfaces coated with organic molecules that mediate the interaction of the particles with the polymeric or biological host matrix. The particle synthesis methods, photoluminescence measurements on the particles, the stability of the photoluminescence properties with time, chemical quenching of photoluminescence, and functionalization of the particles for incorporation into different organic matrices or for specific interaction with small molecules or biomolecules are discussed in the context of applications to photonics and biophotonics.
Options for rejection of expander plant ethane (1979)

Some of the options available to the operator of an expander plant when reduced demand or other factors make ethane rejection desirable are described. The simplest is to change operating conditions by raising the demethanizer temperature and spoiling the expander efficiency by bypassing part of the gas around the expander. This is, of course, limited by the equipment capabilities and the availability of a heat source for the plant.
A High Frequency Active Voltage Doubler in Standard CMOS Using Offset-Controlled Comparators for Inductive Power Transmission (2012)

In this paper, we present a fully integrated active voltage doubler in CMOS technology using offset-controlled high speed comparators for extending the range of inductive power transmission to implantable microelectronic devices (IMD) and radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags. This active voltage doubler provides considerably higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) and lower dropout voltage compared to its passive counterpart and requires lower input voltage than active rectifiers, leading to reliable and efficient operation with weakly coupled inductive links. The offset-controlled functions in the comparators compensate for turn-on and turn-off delays to not only maximize the forward charging current to the load but also minimize the back current, optimizing PCE in the high frequency (HF) band. We fabricated the active voltage doubler in a 0.5-μm 3M2P std . CMOS process, occupying 0.144 mm(2) of chip area. With 1.46 V peak AC input at 13.56 MHz, the active voltage doubler provides 2.4 V DC output across a 1 kΩ load, achieving the highest PCE = 79% ever reported at this frequency. In addition, the built-in start-up circuit ensures a reliable operation at lower voltages.
Dislocability of Localization Devices for Nonpalpable Breast Lesions: Experimental Results (2014)

Purpose. For accurate resection of nonpalpable malignant breast lesions with a tumor-free resection rim, an exact and stable wire localization is essential. We tested the resistance towards traction force of different localization devices used in our clinic for breast lesions in two types of tissue. Materials and Methods. Eight different commercially available hook-wire devices were examined for resistance towards traction force using an analogue spring scale. Results. Most systems showed a high level of movement already under small traction force. Retractable systems with round hooks such as the Bard DuaLok , the Fil d'Ariane, and the RPLN Breast Localization Device withstood less traction force than the other systems. However, the Bard DuaLok system was very resistant towards a small traction force of 50 g when compared to the other systems. The Ultrawire Breast Localization Device withstood the most traction force in softer tissue and Kopans Breast Lesion Localization Needle withstood the most force in harder tissue. Conclusion. The Ultrawire Breast Localization Device and Kopans Breast Lesion Localization Needle withstood the most traction force. In general retractable systems withstand less traction force than nonretractable systems.
Accumulation of vinblastine into transfersomes and liposomes in response to a transmembrane ammonium sulfate gradient and their cytotoxic/cytostatic activity in vitro. (2001)

Vinblastine was encapsulated into liposomes composed from lipids dimiristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), with cholesterol and transfersomes with sodium cholate prepared by the thin film hydration method. The percentage of vinblastine encapsulation, the stability of transfersomes and liposomes and the rate of release of encapsulated vinblastine at 37 degrees C were studied. The results showed that encapsulation of vinblastine into liposomes was higher than 98% at a drug/phospholipid molar ratio from 0.17 to 0.18, while encapsulation of vinblastine into transfersomes varied from 50% to 80% at a drug/phospholipid molar ratio from 0.05 to 0.09. The retention of drug in liposomes and in transfersomes was found to be time/dependent. The retention of drug in transfersomes compared to the liposomes was reduced due to the presence of sodium cholate which caused destabilization and reduced the main phase transition temperature Tm of the PC bilayers. The cytotoxic/cytostatic activity of the two liposome formulations and the two transfersome formulations with or without encapsulated vinblastine were examined against nine human cell lines and the parameters GI50, TGI, LC50 were estimated according to the NCI protocol. Free DPPC/sodium cholate liposomes found to exhibit strong antiproliferative activity in contrast to the other three free liposomal formulations (DPPC/cholesterol, DMPC/cholesterol, DMPC/sodium cholate). On the other hand, vinblastine encapsulated into the liposomes found to exhibit 20-fold less activity on average, in the three parameters calculate compare to the free vinblastine.
Adaptive distance learning scheme for diffusion tensor imaging using kernel target alignment (2008)

In segmentation techniques for Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data, the similarity of diffusion tensors must be assessed for partitioning data into regions which are homogeneous in terms of tensor characteristics. Various distance measures have been proposed in literature for analysing the similarity of diffusion tensors (DTs), but selecting a\nmeasure suitable for the task at hand is difficult and often done by trialand- error.\nWe propose a novel approach to semiautomatically define the similarity measure or combination of measures that better suit the data. We use a linear combination of known distance measures, jointly capturing multiple aspects of tensor characteristics, for comparing DTs with the purpose of image segmentation. The parameters of our adaptive distance measure are tuned for each individual segmentation task on the basis of user-selected ROIs using the concept of Kernel Target Alignment. Experimental results support the validity of the proposed method.
Compound heterozygosity of a de novo submicroscopic deletion and an inherited frameshift pathogenic variant in the PKHD1 gene in a fetus with bilaterally enlarged and echogenic kidneys, enlarged abdomen and oligohydramnios (2023)

We present a fetus with bilaterally enlarged and echogenic kidneys. Prenatal testing detected compound heterozygosity for a 0.676 Mb de novo deletion and an inherited pathogenic variant in <i>PKHD1</i>. This is the first case of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) with a prenatally detected disease-causing <i>PKHD1</i> deletion.
PTH(1–84) administration reverses abnormal bone-remodeling dynamics and structure in hypoparathyroidism (2011)

Hypoparathyroidism is associated with abnormal structural and dynamic skeletal properties. We hypothesized that parathyroid hormone(1-84) [PTH(1-84)] treatment would restore skeletal properties toward normal in hypoparathyroidism. Sixty-four subjects with hypoparathyroidism were treated with PTH(1-84) for 2 years. All subjects underwent histomorphometric assessment with percutaneous iliac crest bone biopsies. Biopsies were performed at baseline and at 1 or 2 years. Another group of subjects had a single biopsy at 3 months, having received tetracycline before beginning PTH(1-84) and prior to the biopsy (quadruple-label protocol). Measurement of biochemical bone turnover markers was performed. Structural changes after PTH(1-84) included reduced trabecular width (144 ± 34 µm to 128 ± 34 µm, p = 0.03) and increases in trabecular number (1.74 ± 0.34/mm to 2.07 ± 0.50/mm, p = 0.02) at 2 years. Cortical porosity increased at 2 years (7.4% ± 3.2% to 9.2% ± 2.4%, p = 0.03). Histomorphometrically measured dynamic parameters, including mineralizing surface, increased significantly at 3 months, peaking at 1 year (0.7% ± 0.6% to 7.1% ± 6.0%, p = 0.001) and persisting at 2 years. Biochemical measurements of bone turnover increased significantly, peaking at 5 to 9 months of therapy and persisting for 24 months. It is concluded that PTH(1-84) treatment of hypoparathyroidism is associated with increases in histomorphometric and biochemical indices of skeletal dynamics. Structural changes are consistent with an increased remodeling rate in both trabecular and cortical compartments with tunneling resorption in the former. These changes suggest that PTH(1-84) improves abnormal skeletal properties in hypoparathyroidism and restores bone metabolism toward normal euparathyroid levels.
Two diet plans for fat PDF (2003)

As Adobe's Portable Document Format has exploded in popularity so too has the number PDF generators, and predictably the quality of generated PDF varies considerably. This paper surveys a range of PDF optimizations for space, and reports the results of a tool that can postprocess existing PDFs to reduce file sizes by 20 to 70% for large classes of PDFs. (Further reduction can often be obtained by recoding images to lower resolutions or with newer compression methods such as JBIG2 or JPEG2000, but those operations are independent of PDF per se and not a component of the results reported here.) A new PDF storage format called "Compact PDF" is introduced that achieves for many classes of PDF an additional reduction of 30 to 60% beyond what is possible in the latest PDF specification (version 1.5, corresponding to Acrobat 6); for example, the PDF 1.5 Reference manual shrinks from 12.2MB down to 4.2MB. The changes required by Compact PDF to the PDF specification and to PDF readers are easily understood and straightforward to implement.
[Stenting in obstruction of superior vena cava; clinical experience with the self-expanding endovascular prosthesis]. (2004)

From August 1997 to December 2002, 14 consecutive patients with superior vena cava syndrome with the self-expanding endovascular prosthesis. Diagnoses were adenocarcinoma in 6, small cell carcinoma in 4, squamous cell carcinoma in 1, metastatic lung cancer in 2, and invasive thymoma in 1. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured on their admission and perioperative period. Expecting only 1 patient complete symptomatically relieved within 3 days of stent implantation. Superior vena cava pressure or radial pressure of the stent was sufficient to relieve obstruction. Preoperative ANP level were normal, BNP level were increased. Postoperatively both ANP level and BNP level were slightly increased under intravenous dopamine hydrochloride. Implantation of the self-expanding stent endovascular prosthesis for superior vena cava syndrome provides rapid symptomatic relief and improves the patient's quality of life.
Wipe‐Off: An Intuitive Interface for Exploring Ultra‐Large Multi‐Spectral Data Sets for Cultural Heritage Diagnostics (2009)

Abstract A visual analytics technique for the intuitive, hands‐on analysis of massive, multi‐dimensional and multi‐variate data is presented. This multi‐touch‐based technique introduces a set of metaphors such as wiping, scratching, sandblasting, squeezing and drilling, which allow for rapid analysis of global and local characteristics in the data set, accounting for factors such as gesture size, pressure and speed. A case study is provided for the analysis of multi‐spectral image data of cultural artefacts. By aligning multi‐spectral layers in a stack, users can apply different multi‐touch metaphors to investigate features across different wavelengths. With this technique, flexibly definable regions can be interrogated concurrently without affecting surrounding data.
XXXVIII.A suggested method for extending microscopic resolution into the ultra-microscopic region (1928)

(1928). XXXVIII. A suggested method for extending microscopic resolution into the ultra-microscopic region. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: Vol. 6, No. 35, pp. 356-362.
Short Tandem Repeat analysis after Whole Genome Amplification of single B-lymphoblastoid cells (2018)

To allow multiple genetic analyses on a single cell, whole genome amplification (WGA) is required. Unfortunately, studies comparing different WGA methods for downstream human identification Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis remain absent. Therefore, the aim of this work was to assess the performance of four commercially available WGA kits for downstream human identification STR profiling on a B-lymphoblastoid cell line. The performance was assessed using an input of one or three micromanipulated cells. REPLI-g showed a very low dropout rate, as it was the only WGA method in this study that could provide a complete STR profile in some of its samples. Although Ampli1, DOPlify and PicoPLEX did not detect all selected STR markers, they seem suitable for genetic identification in single-cell applications.
Energy Gap (2023)

These recommendations are specifically for polymers and polymer systems showing a significant response to an electromagnetic field or one of its components (electric field or magnetic field), i.e., for electromagnetic-field-responsive polymer materials. The structures, processes, phenomena and quantities relating to this interdisciplinary field of materials science and technology are herein defined. Definitions are unambiguously explained and harmonized for wide acceptance by the chemistry, physics, polymer and materials science communities. A survey of typical electromagnetic-field-responsive polymers is included.
Low-Temperature Catalytic Gasification of Wet Biomass Residues (2004)

Low-temperature hydrothermal gasification can be applied to biorefinery residues as an efficient energy recovery process. Through the use of a metal catalyst, gasification of wet biomass can be accomplished with high levels of carbon conversion to medium heating value gas at relatively low temperature (350 degrees Celsius). In the pressurized-water environment (21 MPa) near-total conversion of the organic structure of biomass to gases has been accomplished in the presence of a ruthenium metal catalyst. The process is essentially steam reforming as there is no added oxidizer or reagent other than water. In addition, the gas is produced with high-levels of methane, as dictated by thermodynamic equilibrium. Processing systems and results will be described for both bench-scale and scaled-up reactor systems. The bench-scale systems include both short-term 1-liter batch reactor tests and longer-term continuous flow reactor tests using a 1-liter fixed bed of catalyst in a tubular reactor. The scaled-up reactor is a 4.4 liter version of the continuous flow system, which also includes a high-pressure heat exchanger to demonstrate process efficiency.
An improved method for object detection in astronomical images (2015)

This paper introduces an improved method for detecting objects of interest (galaxies and stars) in astronomical images. After applying a global detection scheme, further refinement is applied by dividing the entire image into several irregularly sized sub-regions using the watershed segmentation method. A more refined detection procedure is performed in each sub-region by applying adaptive noise reduction and a layered strategy to detect bright objects and faint objects, respectively. Finally, a multi-threshold technique is used to separate blended objects. On simulated data, this method can detect more real objects than SEXTRACTOR at comparable object counts (91 per cent versus 83 per cent true detections) and has an increased chance of successfully detecting very faint objects, up to 2 mag fainter than SEXTRACTOR on similar data. Our method has also been applied to real observational image data sets to verify its effectiveness.
Intestinal organoids: roadmap to the clinic (2021)

Recent advances in intestinal organoid research, along with encouraging preclinical proof-of-concept studies, have revealed significant therapeutic potential for induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived organoids in the healing and replacement of severely injured or diseased bowel (Finkbeiner et al. <i>Biol Open</i> 4: 1462-1472, 2015; Kitano et al. <i>Nat Commun</i> 8: 765, 2017; Cruz-Acuna et al. <i>Nat Cell Biol</i> 19: 1326-1335, 2017). To fully realize the tremendous promise of stem cell organoid-based therapies, careful planning aligned with significant resources and efforts must be devoted demonstrating their safety and efficacy to meet critical regulatory requirements. Early recognition of the inherent preclinical and clinical obstacles that occur with the novel use of pluripotent stem cell-derived products will accelerate their bench-to-bedside translation (Neofytou et al. <i>J Clin Invest</i> 125: 2551-2557, 2015; O'Brien et al. <i>Stem Cell Res Ther</i> 6: 146, 2015; Ouseph et al. Cytotherapy 17: 339-343, 2015). To overcome many of these hurdles, a close and effective collaboration is needed between experts from various disciplines, including basic and clinical research, product development and manufacturing, quality assurance and control, and regulatory affairs. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to outline the critical areas and challenges that must be addressed when transitioning laboratory-based discovery, through an investigational new drug (IND) application to first-in-human clinical trial, and to encourage investigators to consider the required regulatory steps from the earliest stage of the translational process. The ultimate goal is to provide readers with a draft roadmap that they could use while navigating this exciting cell therapy space.
Metallurgical optimisation of PM superalloy N19 (2014)

Microstructures of the new PM superalloy N19 have been investigated for various heat treatments in order to reach the best compromise between static strength and cyclic resistance. One subsolvus and several supersolvus heat treatments were applied to produce fine (7 μm) and medium (25 μm) grain sizes, respectively. The alloy is shown to be quite sensitive to the cooling conditions after solutioning as the γ′ hardening precipitates, both secondary and tertiary, have a direct influence on mechanical properties. Two cooling conditions after solutioning produce a high crack propagation resistance at 650 °C with dwell time cycles, which is one of the basic requirements. The low cycle fatigue behaviour appears to be correlated to the grain size, which determines the origin of crack initiation (from ceramic inclusions or not). The other mechanical properties (tensile, creep) remain above target levels. Despite the medium size grain microstructure in the supersolvus condition, a high level of mechanical strength is observed in N19 at elevated temperature. It is understood that further improvement in properties can be achieved by developing coarse grain microstructures.
Investigation of Respiratory and Ion Transport Properties of Aging Bean Stem Slices (1971)

Ion and oxygen uptake were studied on aging bean stem slices. Oxygen uptake was high immediately after slicing, decreased to a minimum at 100 minutes, and then increased again. Ion uptake per unit of O(2) uptake data suggested that metabolic energy was utilized almost exclusively for sodium transport in fresh tissue but was diverted to potassium transport as the slices aged. Oxygen and ion uptake in fresh slices was less sensitive to 2,4-dinitrophenol as compared to the aged slices, indicating major metabolic and physiological changes occurred during aging. This was further substantiated by the tissue response to cyanide and antimycin A. Oxygen uptake was decreased by cyanide (22% by 1 mm) and antimycin A (14% by 1 microgram per milliliter) in fresh slices but not in aged slices. Potassium uptake that developed during aging was sensitive to cyanide and antimycin A. The results are pertinent to understanding the role of the stem in regulating ion transport in plants.