gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Ag2O Doping on the H2S Gas Sensing Properties of WO3 Nanosensor (2021)

In this paper we report the synthesis and characterization of tungsten oxide doped silver oxide nanostructures. The effect of silver doping on the optical and sensing properties of tungsten doped silver oxide is studied and characterized for low-temperature H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> S gas detection. Furthermore, we investigated the sensor response, electrical characteristics, response time of tungsten oxide (WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) and tungsten oxide doped with silver oxide (Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O/ WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) at different concentrations at 25°C. The study also presents the influence of the silver oxide doping of WO3 on the H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> S based sensors performance in terms of sensitivity and response time. The obtained results proved the possibility of synthesizing tungsten oxide-based gas sensors for future H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> S sensor devices. UV-VIS results reveal that doping WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> with Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O enhanced the absorption of WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> in the visible region which is indicated in the red shift. Furthermore, the sensing properties of WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> is increased compared to bare WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> and Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O which shoed no response to H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> S in this temperature range. The electrical properties of WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> also becomes ohmic as a result of Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O doping. The study illustrates a good way to improve the gas sensors performance through Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O doping.
Recovery of Uranium from Wet Phosphoric Acid by Solvent Extraction Processes (2014)

Between 1951 and 1991, we developed about 17 processes to recover uranium from wet phosphoric acid (WPA), but the viability of these processes was subject to the variation of the uranium price market. Nowadays, uranium from WPA appears to be attractive due to the increase of the global uranium demand resulting from the emergence of developing countries. Moreover, the increasing demand provides impetus for a new look at the applicable technology with a view to improvements as well as altogether new approaches. This paper gives an overview on extraction processes developed in the past to recover uranium from wet phosphoric acid (WPA) as well as the physicochemistry involved in these processes. Recent advances concerning the development of new extraction systems are also reported and discussed.
SMALL, COST-EFFICIENT STOPPED-FLOW DEVICE (2010)

Conventional Stopped-Flow devices often need high sample volumes, display complex designs, take up much space and are very expensive in purchasing and maintenance. Here, a powerful microfluidic based Stopped-Flow system is described that is flexible in application, simple, easy to handle, and cost-efficient in terms of acquisition and operation. With a dead time of just 7 ms, the ability of kinetic measurements in absorption as well as fluorescence mode over a wide wavelength range, and the monitoring of intrinsic protein fluorescence without additional dyes at 280 nm, this small system is competitive to commercial available systems.
Wireless interconnects for clock distribution (2002)

A wireless interconnect system for clock distribution which transmits and receives microwave signals across a chip using integrated antennas, receivers, and transmitters is presented. All of the com-ponents of the system are demonstrated at 15 GHz in a 0.18-m CMOS technology. Wireless interconnection is achieved over a distance of 5.6 mm.
Evaluation of latency-aware scheduling techniques for M2M traffic over LTE (2012)

Machine to Machine (M2M) communications are expected to grow dramatically in next years. Scheduling techniques are determinant to achieve high spectral efficiency in wireless systems and to provide QoS guarantees to system users. In this work, several scheduling algorithms are evaluated in order to accommodate delay limited M2M communications over an LTE system. Simulation results show a reduction of mean and 95th percentile packet delay.
Abstract 3925: Optical coherence tomography imaging in cancer research. (2013)

Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an established imaging technology with a greater than 10 year history in the clinic. Over the past 5 years, an increasing number of cancer investigators have employed OCT in preclinical studies and have found that its unique capabilities address some of the gaps left by existing intravital imaging approaches. However, because OCT is relatively new to the cancer research community, these capabilities and limitations are not broadly known. Therefore, to facilitate translation, we will summarize OCT to the cancer research community. This will include a description of how it works, what its capabilities are, and what its role in preclinical cancer research is now and what it is likely to become over the next decade. The basic principles of OCT will be summarized to allow investigators to compare it with alternative imaging technologies and identify investigations where OCT is best suited. The imaging modes of OCT will be described and examples of use in cancer investigations will be given. The use of OCT for angiography at spatial and temporal scales not accessible to other technologies will be described. We will also present anatomical imaging of tumors using OCT and highlight its ability to assess tumor volume and to map tumor viability. Finally, the advantages of OCT-based label-free lymphangiography will be described and compared with existing approaches for lymphatic vessel imaging. We will end our discussion by communicating briefly some of the innovations in OCT that are happening now in research and engineering laboratories and the new capabilities that such innovations are likely to enable. Through this presentation, we hope to establish dialogues to drive technology development toward answering critical problems in cancer research. Citation Format: Benjamin J. Vakoc, Dai Fukumura, Timothy P. Padera, Rakesh K. Jain, Brett E. Bouma. Optical coherence tomography imaging in cancer research. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3925. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3925
Polymerization by [3 + 2] cycloaddition, 3. Polyimides (1989)

Abstract The reaction between hexafluoroacetone azine and bis(bicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐5‐en‐2,3‐dicarboximide)s ( 5 and 6 ) (dinadimides) (mole ratio 1:1) yields polymers with number‐average molar masses between M̄ n = 1700 and M̄ n = 5700 depending on the reactants. The possible isomeric structures of the polymers are discussed in detail. From steric considerations which are supported by 13 C and 19 F NMR spectral data the number of realized isomers is reduced from sixteen to only three ( 12, 13 and 14 ). In contrast to these results, hexafluoroacetone azine and dimaleimides do not react to form polymers. This is explained on the basis of a spontaneous rearrangement of the primarily formed 1:1 adduct to 1 H ‐pyrazolines.
Radar Target Detection Aided by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (2021)

In this work, we consider the target detection problem in a sensing architecture where the radar is aided by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), that can be modeled as an array of sub-wavelength small reflective elements capable of imposing a tunable phase shift to the impinging waves and, ultimately, of providing the radar with an additional echo of the target. A theoretical analysis is carried out for closely- and widely-spaced (with respect to the target) radar and RIS and for different beampattern configurations, and some examples are provided to show that large gains can be achieved by the considered detection architecture.
Rapid heuristic inference of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility by genomic neighbor typing (2018)

Abstract Surveillance of drug-resistant bacteria is essential for healthcare providers to deliver effective empiric antibiotic therapy. However, traditional molecular epidemiology does not typically occur on a timescale that could impact patient treatment and outcomes. Here we present a method called ‘genomic neighbor typing’ for inferring the phenotype of a bacterial sample by identifying its closest relatives in a database of genomes with metadata. We show that this technique can infer antibiotic susceptibility and resistance for both S. pneumoniae and N. gonorrhoeae . We implemented this with rapid k -mer matching, which, when used on Oxford Nanopore MinION data, can run in real time. This resulted in determination of resistance within ten minutes (sens/spec 91%/100% for S. pneumoniae and 81%/100% N. gonorrhoeae from isolates with a representative database) of sequencing starting, and for clinical metagenomic sputum samples (75%/100% for S. pneumoniae ), within four hours of sample collection. This flexible approach has wide application to pathogen surveillance and may be used to greatly accelerate appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment.
High‐temperature alkaline α‐amylase from Bacillus iicheniformis TCRDC‐B13 (1989)

A bacterial strain, Bacillus licheniformis, has been isolated and identified which produces high-temperature alkaline alpha-amylase. Cultural conditions, such as types of carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature, pH, and time of reaction, have been optimized for production of alpha-amylase in shake flask and fermenter. The enzyme produced was quite active even at 100 degrees C; however, it showed optimum activity at 90 degrees C. It exhibited optimum activity in the broad pH range 5.5-10. The effects of Na(+) and Ca(2+) ions on enzyme activity was also studied.
Intravascular multispectral optoacoustic tomography of atherosclerosis: prospects and challenges (2012)

The progression of atherosclerosis involves complex changes in the structure, composition and biology of the artery wall. Currently, only anatomical plaque burden is routinely characterized in living patients, whereas compositional and biological changes are mostly inaccessible. However, anatomical imaging alone has proven to be insufficient for accurate diagnostics of the disease. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography offers complementary data to anatomical methods and is capable of imaging both tissue composition and, via the use of molecular markers, the biological activity therein. In this paper we review recent progress in multispectral optoacoustic tomography imaging of atherosclerosis with specific emphasis on intravascular applications. The potential capabilities of multispectral optoacoustic tomography are compared with those of established intravascular imaging techniques and current challenges on the road towards a clinically viable imaging modality are discussed.
Modeling of heat removal from low dimensional nanostructures (2002)

We have investigated the acoustic phonon radiation pattern due to electron-acoustic phonon interaction in a double barrier quantum well by solving both the kinetic equations for electrons and phonons. A major peculiarity of acoustic phonon emission from low dimensional structures consists in a violation of the conservation law for the transverse to the quantum well phonon wave vector component. This is due to lack of the translational symmetry in this direction. The typical wave vector of an acoustic phonon interacting with electrons is of the order of (n+n')/spl pi//a, where a is the width of the quantum well and n and n' are the numbers of the electron subbands before and after scattering. Except for the case of a strongly degenerate electron gas, the in-plane wave vector of acoustic phonons is smaller than the transverse wave vector, therefore the acoustic phonons carry energy primarily in the direction normal to the quantum well.
Correction: Corrigendum: Ventral hippocampal afferents to the nucleus accumbens regulate susceptibility to depression (2015)

Nature Communications 6: Article number: 7062 (2015); Published 8 May 2015; Updated 17 June 2015 In the original version of this Article, the middle initial of the author Joseph F. Cheer was omitted from the author information. The affiliation details for this author were also incorrect. These errors have now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the article.
Photo-Leucine Incorporation Reveals the Target of a Cyclodepsipeptide Inhibitor of Cotranslational Translocation (2007)

Photoaffinity labeling is a powerful tool to identify protein targets of biologically active small molecules, yet is often limited by the size, chemical properties, and availability of photoreactive groups. We report an improved synthesis of photo-leucine, a diazirine-based photoreactive analogue of leucine, and demonstrate its incorporation into a cyclodepsipeptide inhibitor of cotranslational translocation. Photoaffinity labeling in a crude membrane fraction, followed by "click chemistry" with a rhodamine-azide reporter, enabled the identification of Sec61alpha, the structural core of the Sec61 translocation channel, as the inhibitor's target.
The Stanmore hinged knee arthroplasty (1978)

The Stanmore hinged total knee replacement was introduced in 1969 for severe destructive arthropathy of the knee, and the results of one hundred consecutive operations are presented after an average interval of two and a half years. Insertion of the prosthesis relieved pain in 94 per cent, improved the range of movement in 67 per cent, invariably restored stability and corrected valgus or varus deformity. Gross flexion contractures were improved but not always fully corrected. Serious complications were few, though of three cases of deep infection two came to amputation and one to fibrous ankylosis. There were no mechanical failures of components of the prosthesis.
SKIN GRAFT FAILURE IS PREDICTED BY WAIST–HIP RATIO: A MARKER FOR METABOLIC SYNDROME (2007)

There is a strong correlation between truncal obesity as measured by the WHR and skin graft failure. WHR or waist circumference should be considered as a preoperative assessment tool in identifying patients at risk of surgical complications.
Phosphorylated micro- vs. nano-cellulose: a comparative study on their surface functionalisation, growth of titanium-oxo-phosphate clusters and removal of chemical pollutants (2019)

Phosphorylation imparts cellulose (amorphous or crystalline) with original surface reactivity to bridge metal oxide clusters and to scavenge for chemicals.
Low-Temperature Cu–Cu Direct Bonding Using Pillar–Concave Structure in Advanced 3-D Heterogeneous Integration (2017)

Low-temperature Cu–Cu bonding utilizing pillar and concave on silicon substrate with and without polymer layer is successfully implemented at 200 °C under atmospheric pressure. Finite-element method (FEM) simulations on stress and deformation generated during bonding process are also presented in order to discuss their influence on bonding result of several pillar diameters and of concave sidewall angles originating from the manufacturing process. The alteration of parameters in FEM simulations would also be investigated to enhance the bonding outcome. The parameters include the diameter of pillar, the sidewall angle of concave, the shape of the concave opening, the addition of extra polymer layer under Cu concave layer, the bonding temperature, and the pitch of the pillar–concave structure. The implementation of Cu–Cu bonding using pillar–concave structure could have a prospective effect on existing packaging methods in semiconductor industry with benefits of applicability to various sorts of substrates and low bonding temperature.
Use of the Spontaneous Tsc2 Knockout (Eker) Rat Model of Hereditary Renal Cell Carcinoma for the Study of Renal Carcinogens (2002)

The kidney is a frequent site for chemically induced cancers in rodents and among the 10 most frequent sites for cancer in human patients. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most frequent upper urinary tract cancer in humans and accounts for 80-85% of malignant renal tumors. Hereditary RCC occurs in Eker rats that are heterozygous for an insertion mutation in the Tsc2 tumor suppressor gene. The germline mutation renders heterozygous mutants highly susceptible to renal carcinogens. The utility of this model in studying potential renal carcinogens is due to an ordered progression of proliferative renal lesions that can be identified and counted microscopically. The quantitative nature of the model allows for the production of statistically powerful data to understand the relative degree and potency of chemical effects and allow analysis of genetic alterations that may be chemical specific.
Osseointegration from the Perspective of the Plastic Surgeon (1994)

This review summarizes some aspects of osseointegration. The principles, implant type and design, surgical technique, and results are reviewed. A large number of patients have been followed after intraoral reconstruction using osseointegrated implants. The success rates are 95 percent in the maxilla and 99 percent in the mandible. In craniofacial reconstruction, results vary from 98 percent success in the temporal area to as low as 48 percent in the radiated orbit. Some early experience with finger joint reconstruction, bone-anchored finger prostheses, and major amputations are reviewed. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 93: 626, 1994.)
Resting Subtropical Grasslands from Grazing in the Wet Season Boosts Biocrust Hotspots to Improve Soil Health (2021)

Effective grazing management in Australia’s semi-arid rangelands requires monitoring landscape conditions and identifying sustainable and productive practice through understanding the interactions of environmental factors and management of soil health. Challenges include extreme rainfall variability, intensifying drought, and inherently nutrient-poor soils. We investigated the impacts of grazing strategies on landscape function—specifically soil health—as the foundation for productive pastures, integrating the heterogenous nature of grass tussocks and the interspaces that naturally exist in between them. At Wambiana—a long-term research site in north-eastern Australia—we studied two soil types, two stocking rates (high, moderate), and resting land from grazing during wet seasons (rotational spelling). Rotational spelling had the highest biocrust (living soil cover), in interspaces and under grass tussocks. Biocrusts were dominated by cyanobacteria that binds soil particles, reduces erosion, sequesters carbon, fixes nitrogen, and improves soil fertility. Rotational spelling with a moderate stocking rate emerged as best practice at these sites, with adjustment of stocking rates in line with rainfall and soil type recommended. In drought-prone environments, monitoring the presence and integrity of biocrusts connects landscape function and soil health. Biocrusts that protect and enrich the soil will support long-term ecosystem integrity and economic profitability of cattle production in rangelands.
Optimal and robust controller synthesis using energytimed automata with uncertainty (2020)

Abstract In this paper, we propose a novel framework for the synthesis of robust and optimal energy-aware controllers. The framework is based on energy timed automata, allowing for easy expression of timing constraints and variable energy rates. We prove decidability of the energy-constrained infinite-run problem in settings with both certainty and uncertainty of the energy rates. We also consider the optimization problem of identifying the minimal upper bound that will permit existence of energy-constrained infinite runs. Our algorithms are based on quantifier elimination for linear real arithmetic. Using Mathematica and Mjollnir, we illustrate our framework through a real industrial example of a hydraulic oil pump. Compared with previous approaches our method is completely automated and provides improved results.
Visible-Light-Induced Degradation of Rhodamine B by Nanosized Bi2WO6 (2005)

Visible-light-induced photodegradation of rhodamine B over nanosized Bi2WO6 has been observed. Bi2WO6 exhibited a high photoactivity to photodegrade rhodamine B in the central pH solution under visible irradiation (lambda > 420 nm). After five recycles for the photodegradation of rhodamine B, the catalyst did not exhibit any significant loss of activity, confirming the photocatalyst is essentially stable. The total organic carbon measurement displayed that a high degree of mineralization was achieved in the present photochemical system. The results of density functional theory calculation illuminated that the visible-light absorption band in the Bi2WO6 catalyst is attributed to the band transition from the hybrid orbitals of Bi6s and O2p to the W5d orbitals. The Bi2WO6-assisted photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine occurs via two competitive processes: a photocatalytic process and a photosensitized process. The transformation of rhodamine is mainly via the photocatalytic process. Kinetic studies by using electron spin resonance and the radical scavenger technologies suggest that *OH is not the dominant photooxidant. Direct hole transfers and O2*- could take part in Bi2WO6 photocatalysis. This study provided a possible treatment approach for organic pollutants by using visible light in aqueous ecosystems.