gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser direct-write of single microbeads into spatially-ordered patterns (2012)

Fabrication of heterogeneous microbead patterns on a bead-by-bead basis promotes new opportunities for sensors, lab-on-a-chip technology and cell-culturing systems within the context of customizable constructs. Laser direct-write (LDW) was utilized to target and deposit solid polystyrene and stem cell-laden alginate hydrogel beads into computer-programmed patterns. We successfully demonstrated single-bead printing resolution and fabricated spatially-ordered patterns of microbeads. The probability of successful microbead transfer from the ribbon surface increased from 0 to 80% with decreasing diameter of 600 to 45 µm, respectively. Direct-written microbeads retained spatial pattern registry, even after 10 min of ultrasonication treatment. SEM imaging confirmed immobilization of microbeads. Viability of cells encapsulated in transferred hydrogel microbeads achieved 37 ± 11% immediately after the transfer process, whereas randomly-patterned pipetted control beads achieved a viability of 51 ± 25%. Individual placement of >10 µm diameter microbeads onto planar surfaces has previously been unattainable. We have demonstrated LDW as a valuable tool for the patterning of single, micrometer-diameter beads into spatially-ordered patterns.
The natural history study of preclinical genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD): A prospective longitudinal study protocol (2022)

Abstract Background Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is the most common prion disease in humans causing a rapidly progressive neurological decline and dementia and is invariably fatal. The familial forms (genetic CJD, gCJD) are caused by mutations in the PRNP gene encoding for the prion protein (PrP). In Israel, there is a large cluster of gCJD cases, carriers of an E200K mutation in the PRNP gene, and therefore the largest population of at-risk individuals in the world. The mutation is not necessarily sufficient for the formation and accumulation of the pathological prion protein (PrP sc ), suggesting that other, genetic and non-genetic factors affect the age at symptoms onset. Here we present the protocol of a cross-sectional and longitudinal natural history study of gCJD patients and first-degree relatives of gCJD patients, aiming to identify biological markers of preclinical CJD and risk factors for phenoconversion. Methods The study has two arms: A cross-sectional protocol for patients diagnosed with gCJD, and a longitudinal protocol for first-degree healthy relatives (HR) (both carriers and non-carriers of the E200K mutation in the PRNP gene) of patients diagnosed with gCJD. At baseline, and at the end of every year, participants are invited for an “in-depth” visit, which includes a clinical evaluation, blood and urine collection, gait assessment, brain MRI, lumbar puncture (LP), and PSG. At 6 months from baseline, and then halfway through each year, participants are invited for a “brief” visit, which includes a clinical evaluation, short cognitive assessment, and blood and urine collection. Discussion This continuous follow-up of the participants and the frequent assessments will allow early identification and diagnosis in case of conversion into disease. The knowledge generated from this study is likely to advance the understanding of the underlying clinicopathological processes that occur at the very beginning of CJD, as well as potential genetic and environmental risk factors for the development of the disease, therefore advancing the development of safe and efficient interventions.
Effect of Exercise on Mortality and Recurrence in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2020)

<b>Purpose:</b> Exercise could lower the risk of cancer recurrence and improve mortality, exercise capacity, physical and cardiovascular function, strength, and quality of life in patients with cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to determine the effects of exercise on mortality and recurrence in patients with cancer. <b>Methods:</b> We searched for articles published before May 2019 in MEDLINE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, ProQuest, and PEDro. We included RCTs of exercise interventions, such as resistance exercise and aerobic exercise, in patients with cancer that evaluated the risk of mortality and recurrence. The standardized mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated for quantitative indices. The random-effect model was used as the pooling method. <b>Results:</b> Of 2868 retrieved articles, 8 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis, with a mean PEDro score of 4.50 (SD = 1.25). Exercise significantly reduced the risk of mortality in patients with cancer and in cancer survivors (risk ratio [RR] = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.40-0.93, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 0%, <i>P</i> = .009). Exercise significantly reduced the risk of recurrence in cancer survivors (RR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.29-0.92, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 25%, <i>P</i> = .030). <b>Conclusion:</b> This study found that exercise has a favorable effect on mortality and recurrence in patients with cancer. However, the effect could not be fully determined due to data insufficiency.
Anti-inflammatory nutrition with high protein attenuates cardiac and skeletal muscle alterations in a pulmonary arterial hypertension model (2019)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by remodelling of the pulmonary arteries and right ventricle (RV), which leads to functional decline of cardiac and skeletal muscle. This study investigated the effects of a multi-targeted nutritional intervention with extra protein, leucine, fish oil and oligosaccharides on cardiac and skeletal muscle in PAH. PAH was induced in female C57BL/6 mice by weekly injections of monocrotaline (MCT) for 8 weeks. Control diet (sham and MCT group) and isocaloric nutritional intervention (MCT + NI) were administered. Compared to sham, MCT mice increased heart weight by 7%, RV thickness by 13% and fibrosis by 60% (all p < 0.05) and these were attenuated in MCT + NI mice. Microarray and qRT-PCR analysis of RV confirmed effects on fibrotic pathways. Skeletal muscle fiber atrophy was induced (P < 0.05) by 22% in MCT compared to sham mice, but prevented in MCT + NI group. Our findings show that a multi-targeted nutritional intervention attenuated detrimental alterations to both cardiac and skeletal muscle in a mouse model of PAH, which provides directions for future therapeutic strategies targeting functional decline of both tissues.
Biosynthesis of the human asialoglycoprotein receptor. (1983)

The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) isolated from human liver is a single polypeptide of Mr = 46,000. Monospecific polyclonal anti-human ASGP-R antibodies as well as anti-rat ASGP-R antibodies specifically inhibit binding of 125I-asialoorosomucoid to human hepatoma Hep G2 ASGP-R. These anti-ASGP-R antibodies specifically immunoprecipitate the 46,000-Da polypeptide from hepatoma cells labeled biosynthetically with 35S-amino acid. The receptor is initially synthesized as a 40,000-Da precursor which is converted to the mature 46,000-Da species with a t1/2 of approximately 45 min. The precursor species is sensitive to endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H and becomes resistant coincident with the appearance of the mature 46,000-Da receptor. In addition, the receptor synthesized in the presence of tunicamycin is approximately 34,000 Da. The newly synthesized ASGP-R reaches the cell surface after 45-60 min, where only the mature 46,000-Da species is present. In Hep G2 cells, the ASGP-R has a mean lifetime of approximately 30 h, a value which is unaltered during maximal rates of receptor-mediated endocytosis of ASGP.
Proposal of voltage transient sag compensator with controlled gradational voltage (2005)

This paper presents a new concept for a voltage transient sag compensator and the experimental result of its 400-V-class compensator. This compensator is composed of the series connection of some inverter units with gradational output voltages. Because each output voltage is different by 2n times, an approximate sinusoidal voltage is generated by controlling operation of each inverter and compensates voltage sag of the power line. The compensator can be directly installed in a power line without an insertion transformer and a large filter, and thus it is expected to be a compact and economical system. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 154(3): 65–72, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20289
Polymer reactors and molecular weight distribution. Part V. Free‐radical polymerization in a transient stirred‐tank reactor train (1968)

Abstract The transient behavior of both batch and continuous stirred‐tank reactors for free‐radical polymerization of styrene have been studied. For the batch reactor a high‐conversion model was developed, based on experimental investigations measuring the conversion and molecular weight distribution. Significant improvement over the low‐conversion model was obtained when the viscosity or gel effect was accounted for by allowing the termination constant and catalyst efficiency to vary with viscosity. A transient model was also developed for a continuous stirredtank reactor based on batch reactor kinetics. This model was employed in the simulation of a system of stirred‐tank reactors operating under transient conditions.
Status Epilepticus Controlled by Althesin Infusion (1979)

Althesin will control status epilepticus when other agents fail. Its major advantage over other agents is its lack of accumulation because it is readily metabolized. Three patients are reported and relevant literature is discussed.
Domesticated equine species and their derived hybrids differ in their fecal microbiota (2020)

Donkey fecal microbiota differed from that of both pony and pony × donkey. These differences related to a higher relative abundance and diversity of taxa with known, or speculated, roles in plant material degradation. These findings are consistent with the previously reported increased fiber degradation in donkeys compared to ponies, and suggest that the hindgut microbiota plays a role. This offers novel opportunities for pony and pony × donkey to extract more energy from dietary fiber via microbial mediated strategies. This could potentially decrease the need for energy dense feeds which are a risk factor for gut-mediated disease.
Phase change type optical disc memory. (1987)

Phase-change type optical disks record optical information through thermal phase transition of thin amorphous films from the disordered to the ordered state upon laser beam irradiation. A recorded signal is read out as a change in the optical reflectivity. It is shown that phase transition of Te-TeO2 thin film is related to the growth of Te grains and that it is sufficiently stable and commercially available as write-once type media.For erasable type, thin films of Te-TeO2-Ge-Sn and Te-Ge-Sn-Au systems have been developed. In these fllms, an increase in the crystallization rate is required to simplify the optical system.
Evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test specific for Plasmodium vivax (2008)

Plasmodium vivax is the only human malaria indigenous to the Republic of Korea (ROK). A rapid and sensitive diagnostic test (RDT) that detects P. vivax is appropriate for evaluating suspected malaria patients with no travel history abroad. The RDTs, SD Malaria Antigen P.v (SD diagnostic, Kyonggi, ROK) specific for P. vivax and the well documented OptiMAL (DiaMed, Cressier, Switzerland) were compared among 282 volunteers for specificity and sensitivity of P. vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections against Giemsa-stained blood smears read by an experienced microscopist. A total of 137 volunteers were diagnosed with P. vivax, 45 cases (returned travellers from overseas) were diagnosed with P. falciparum and 100 healthy volunteers were diagnosed as negative for malaria. Correspondingly, the SD Malaria Antigen P.v test identified P. vivax infections in 128/137 malaria patients (93.4%) and 0/100 (0%) healthy volunteers. Three patients identified with P. falciparum also were interpreted as P. vivax by the SD Malaria Antigen P.v test; however, these patients were later confirmed as mixed infections of P. vivax and P. falciparum by polymerase chain reaction. OptiMAL interpreted the three mixed infections only as P. falciparum and detected 130/137 (94.9%) patients with P. vivax. The sensitivity of the SD Malaria Antigen P.v test decreased from 100% (>5000 parasite/microl) to 81.3% (1-100 parasites/microl) as parasitaemia levels declined. For the regions where P. vivax is the primary malaria parasite, the SD P. vivax-specific rapid diagnostic test may be useful for screening suspected malaria patients when sufficient material and human resources (e.g. trained microscopists) are unavailable for malaria diagnosis.
Automated measurement and analysis of effectiveness of teaching selected Excel topics in an introductory IS class (2008)

Measuring the effectiveness of teaching is a challenging task. This paper presents the initial results of an effort to measure the effectiveness of teaching core Excel topics in an Introduction to Information Systems (IS) Class. To do this, a lab-based pretest was administered before Excel was covered in class, and the same test was given after the topic was complete. A custom software was developed to analyze these tests in an attempt to understand which Excel skills the students acquired or improved during the course. The second half of the paper describes the design of this custom software as well as the lessons learned during the development and deployment of the Excel module.
A Knowledge-Based Algorithm for Automatic Monitoring of Orthodontic Treatment: The Dental Monitoring System. Two Cases (2021)

DM system appears to be a promising method, useful for improving the interaction between doctor and patient, generally acceptable and useful to patients, even in critical clinical situations, at least in cases with optimal compliance and ability to use the tool properly.
Method of collaborative detection of autonomous transport vehicles based on laser rangefinder data (2025)

To master changing performance demands, autonomous transport vehicles are deployed to make inhouse material flow applications more flexible. The socalled cellular transport system consists of a multitude of small scale transport vehicles which shall be able to form a swarm. Therefore the vehicles need to detect each other, exchange information amongst each other and sense their environment. By provision of peripherally acquired information of other transport entities, more convenient decisions can be made in terms of navigation and collision avoidance. This paper is a contribution to collective utilization of sensor data in the swarm of cellular transport vehicles.
Effects of Monascin on Anti-inflammation Mediated by Nrf2 Activation in Advanced Glycation End Product-Treated THP-1 Monocytes and Methylglyoxal-Treated Wistar Rats (2013)

Hyperglycemia is associated with advanced glycation end products (AGEs). This study was designed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of monascin on receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) signal and THP-1 monocyte inflammation after treatment with S100b, a specific ligand of RAGE. Monascin inhibited cytokine production by S100b-treated THP-1 monocytes via up-regulation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and alleviated p47phox translocation to the membrane. Methylglyoxal (MG, 600 mg/kg bw) was used to induce diabetes in Wistar rats. Inhibitions of RAGE and p47phox by monascin were confirmed by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of MG-induced rats. Silymarin (SM) was used as a positive control group. It was found that monascin promoted heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression mediated by Nrf2. Suppressions of AGEs, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-β) in serum of MG-induced rats were attenuated in the monascin administration group treated with retinoic acid (RA). RA treatment resulted in Nrf2 inactivation by increasing RA receptor-α (RARα) activity, suggesting that RA acts as an inhibitor of Nrf2. The results showed that monascin exerted anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects mediated by Nrf2 to prevent the development of diseases such as type 2 diabetes caused by inflammation.
Predictive biomarkers in a phase II trial of weekly carboplatin (CBDCA), paclitaxel (P), and cetuximab (C) induction and chemoradiation (CRT) in patients (pts) with resectable stage III/IVa,b head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group E2303. (2013)

6081 Background: We studied the addition of C to a sequential regimen of weekly CBDCA and P followed by CBDCA-P-radiation in pts with locally advanced resectable HNSCC. Tissue-based biomarkers may aid in pt selection for such approaches. Methods: Sixty-three eligible pts withoperablestage III/IV HNSCC participated in E2303, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) phase II trial of induction chemotherapy with weekly C, P and CBDCA x 6 followed by CRT with concurrent weekly C, paclitaxel, carboplatin. A tissue microarray was constructed and b-catenin, E-cadherin, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Variant III (EGFRVIII), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R), NF-kappa b, p53, PI3Kp85, PI3Kp110a, PTEN, ΝRAS, and pRb protein expression levels were assessed using automated quantitative protein analysis (AQUA). For each marker, time-to-event distributions (OS, PFS, and EFS) were estimated by Kaplan-Meier estimates and compared using log-rank tests. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and test for significance, with primary site (oropharynx vs. non-oropharynx), disease stage (III vs. IV), and other important markers adjusted in the model. All p-values are two-sided. A level of p &lt; 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results: Based on the continuous scale, pRb tended to association with EFS (p=0.05). On multivariable analysis, low pRb level was a significant predictor for improved EFS (p=0.048). Our pRb data analysis was based on 32 pts with marker data available. Conclusions: pRb level is a potential predictive biomarker for response to cetuximab. HPV E7 oncoprotein binds and degrades pRb; therefore, low pRb protein level might be a surrogate marker for HPV association.Large prospective studies will be required to determine the association between pRb, HPV status and response to cetuximab in HNSCC.
The Topic Confusion Task: A Novel Scenario for Authorship Attribution (2021)

Authorship attribution is the problem of identifying the most plausible author of an anonymous text from a set of candidate authors. Researchers have investigated same-topic and cross-topic scenarios of authorship attribution, which differ according to whether new, unseen topics are used in the testing phase. However, neither scenario allows us to explain whether errors are caused by a failure to capture authorship writing style or by a topic shift. Motivated by this, we propose the \emph{topic confusion} task where we switch the author-topic configuration between the training and testing sets. This setup allows us to distinguish two types of errors: those caused by the topic shift and those caused by the features' inability to capture the writing styles. We show that stylometric features with part-of-speech tags are the least susceptible to topic variations. We further show that combining them with other features leads to significantly lower topic confusion and higher attribution accuracy. Finally, we show that pretrained language models such as BERT and RoBERTa perform poorly on this task and are surpassed by simple features such as word-level $n$-grams.
The stretching force on a tethered polymer in pressure-driven flow (2017)

We use mesoscopic lattice-Boltzmann/molecular dynamics simulations to study the stretching behavior of a single tethered polymer in micro- and nanochannels. In particular, we are interested in the connection between fluid flow properties and the force on the polymer chain. An analytical expression for the stretching force is proposed, which linearly depends on the number of monomers and the boundary shear rate. In agreement with theory, the numerical findings reveal that the influence of hydrodynamic interactions can be ignored, which is also supported by results of additional Langevin dynamics simulations. Our simulation data coincide with the analytical expression for the fractional extension of the chain and further indicate that even weak Poiseuille flow profiles induce a strong alignment of the chain along the channel walls. The numerical results are in good agreement with experimental data obtained by microfluidic stretching of tethered λ-DNA.
Desktop batch processing (2002)

Today, online transaction processing (OLTP) applications can downsize from mainframes to microprocessors. Commodity database systems, operating systems, and hardware came of age in 1993/spl minus/they surpassed the online transaction processing performance of proprietary solutions. There are lingering doubts about downsizing batch transaction processing applications. The doubts center on the ability of microprocessor hardware to handle the high I/O bandwidth required by batch processing, and on doubts that microprocessor systems offer the software services and utilities key to batch processing applications. This paper reviews the impressive progress of made by commodity software and hardware in processing OLTP workloads. The discussion is quantitative because the Transaction Processing Performance Council defined a set of benchmarks that characterize OLTP and that quantify price and performance. Discussion then turns to batch transaction processing. There is less consensus on the characteristics of batch transaction processing. Consequently, much of the discussion focuses on requirements. The discussion ends with some performance measurements of utilities running on DEC Alpha AXP microprocessors and on commodity disks. These results indicate that microprocessors today have the capacity to process batch workloads at mainframe speeds. We predict that over the next few years, batch-processing software exploiting parallel processing will emerge. This, combined with commodity hardware, will provide both superior performance and price/performance ratio.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Incremental implementation model for relational databases with transaction time (1991)

An implementation model for the standard relational data model extended with transaction time is presented. The implementation model integrates techniques of view materialization, differential computation, and deferred update into a coherent whole. It is capable of storing any view (reflecting past or present states) and subsequently using stored views as outsets for incremental and decremental computations of requested views, making it more flexible than previously proposed partitioned storage models. The working and the expressiveness of the model are demonstrated by sample queries that show how historical data are retrieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Measuring Quality of Life in Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Psychometric and Clinical Characteristics (2008)

This study provides further characteristics of a HRQoL measure specific to pediatric IBD and indicates ways to score the measure based on the resulting factor structure. The measure correlates appropriately with generic HRQoL measures and clinical severity indicators.