gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uniaxial Deformation Characteristics of NR/BR Blended Rubber Under Large Compression Strain (2016)

The compression deformation behavior of elastomeric materials under large strain is still far from being understood today. A substantial body of research work on rubber blocks compressed between rigid plates has been developed, although many of the problems remain unsolved. Compression and shear deformation behavior of vulcanizates of natural rubber blend with different filler have been evaluated experimentally in this investigation for their nonlinear characteristics. The maximum bulge radius obtained by this method has been checked for its consistency with the established analytical models and are in good agreement. A significant increase in contact area has been observed in the images under large compressive strains. The compression and shear deformation behavior of rubber blocks under higher strain which have been evaluated experimentally could further support the currently adopted approximate analytical methods.
Zeolite Rho Loaded with Methylamines. I. Monomethylamine Loadings (1997)

Samples of two differently prepared zeolite rho loaded with different amounts of monomethylamine (MMA) were studied in their hydrated and dehydrated forms by X-ray and neutron diffraction. Both zeolites are partially dealuminated, as indicated by nonframework alumina, which is assumed to be Al 2 O 3 or AlOOH. Series I was prepared from dry-calcined NH 4 -rho at 873 K, series II from steam-calcined NH 4 -rho at 773 K. The samples were loaded with different amounts of deuterated MMA, Rietveld refinements yielded the following results for series I (dry): (1) H 3.8 (H-MMA) 5 Cs 0.2 Al 9 Si 39 O2.Al 2 O 3 .28H 2 O, X-ray data collection at room temperature, Im \overline 3 m , a = 14.9991 (2) Å, R wp = 0.095; (2) composition as in (1), anhydrous and deuterated, neutron data collected at 5 K, disproportionation into two phases in I \overline 43 m , with a = 14.8410 (7) and 14.5273 (11) Å, R wp = 0.038; (3) (H-MMA) 8.8 Cs 0.2 Al 9 Si 39 O 9 6.Al 2 O 3 .25H 2 O, X-ray data collection at room temperature, I \overline 43 m , a = 14.9771 (2) Å, R wp = 0.090. Series II (steam): (4) H 0.3 (H-MMA) 5 Cs 0.7 Al 6 Si 42 O 96 .2.5Al 2 O 3 .23H 2 O, X-ray data collected at room temperature, Im \overline 3 m , a = 15.0323 (2) Å, R wp = 0.124; (5) composition as in (4), anhydrous and deuterated, neutron data collected at 5 K, disproportionation into two phases in I \overline 43 m with a = 14.9151 (2) and 14.6475(8) Å, R wp = 0.031. In the hydrated samples MMA resides on the center axis in the α-cage with the N atoms pointing to the single eight-ring; upon dehydration it migrates into the double eight-rings.
Erythrobacter gangjinensis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from seawater (2009)

A novel Gram-negative, aerobic, orange-pigmented bacterial strain, designated K7-2(T), was isolated from seawater of Gangjin Bay, Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain K7-2(T) contained ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) as the predominant respiratory lipoquinone and did not produce bacteriochlorophyll a. Major fatty acids were C(18 : 1)omega7c (51.4 %), iso-C(15 : 0) 2-OH and/or C(16 : 1)omega7c (15.0 %) and C(17 : 1)omega6c (8.8 %). Major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. The DNA G+C content was 61.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain K7-2(T) formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage within the cluster comprising Erythrobacter strains. Similarities between the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain K7-2(T) and the type strains of Erythrobacter species ranged from 95.0 % (Erythrobacter litoralis DSM 8509(T)) to 96.8 % (Erythrobacter citreus RE35F/1(T)). On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, strain K7-2(T) (=KCTC 22330(T)=JCM 15420(T)) is classified in a novel species within the genus Erythrobacter, for which the name Erythrobacter gangjinensis sp. nov. is proposed.
Imaging salt with turning seismic waves (1992)

Abstract Turning seismic waves, which first travel downward and then upward before (and after) reflection, have been recorded in a 3-D seismic survey conducted over an overhanging salt dome. Careful processing of these turning waves enables the imaging of the underside of the salt dome and of intrusions of salt into vertical faults radiating from the dome.When seismic wave velocity increases with depth, waves that initially travel downward are reflected and may turn so as to travel upward before reflection. A simple geometrical argument suggests that these turning waves are likely to exhibit abnormal moveout in com-mon-midpoint (CMP) gathers, in that reflection time decreases with increasing source-receiver offset. This abnormal moveout and the attenuation of turning waves by most migration methods suggest that conventional seismic processing does not properly image turning waves.The most important step in imaging turning waves, assuming that they have been recorded, is the migration process. Simple and inexpensive modifications to the conventional phase-shift migration method enable turning waves to be imaged for little additional computational cost. The examples provided in this paper suggest that these and other such modifications to conventional processing should be used routinely when imaging salt domes.
EuFOD-Catalyzed Hetero-Diels-Alder (HDA) Reaction under Microwave Heating (2007)

An efficient EuFOD-catalyzed hetero-Diels-Alder reaction between azadienes and aldehydes under microwave irradiation is reported. The reaction proceeds under microwave heating with 5 mol% of EuFOD in 45-83% yields.
Speech pause detection for noise spectrum estimation by tracking power envelope dynamics (2002)

A speech pause detection algorithm is an important and sensitive part of most single-microphone noise reduction schemes for enhancement of speech signals corrupted by additive noise as an estimate of the background noise is usually determined when speech is absent. An algorithm is proposed which detects speech pauses by adaptively tracking minima in a noisy signal's power envelope both for the broadband signal and for the high-pass and low-pass filtered signal. In poor signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), the proposed algorithm maintains a low false-alarm rate in the detection of speech pauses while the standardized algorithm of ITU G.729 shows an increasing false-alarm rate in unfavorable situations. These characteristics are found with different types of noise and indicate that the proposed algorithm is better suited to be used for noise estimation in noise reduction algorithms, as speech deterioration may thus be kept at a low level. It is shown that in connection with the Ephraim-Malah (1984) noise reduction scheme, the speech pause detection performance can even be further increased by using the noise-reduced signal instead of the noisy signal as input for the speech pause decision unit.
Metabolomic profiling and genomic analysis of wheat aneuploid lines to identify genes controlling biochemical pathways in mature grain (2015)

Metabolomics is becoming an increasingly important tool in plant genomics to decipher the function of genes controlling biochemical pathways responsible for trait variation. Although theoretical models can integrate genes and metabolites for trait variation, biological networks require validation using appropriate experimental genetic systems. In this study, we applied an untargeted metabolite analysis to mature grain of wheat homoeologous group 3 ditelosomic lines, selected compounds that showed significant variation between wheat lines Chinese Spring and at least one ditelosomic line, tracked the genes encoding enzymes of their biochemical pathway using the wheat genome survey sequence and determined the genetic components underlying metabolite variation. A total of 412 analytes were resolved in the wheat grain metabolome, and principal component analysis indicated significant differences in metabolite profiles between Chinese Spring and each ditelosomic lines. The grain metabolome identified 55 compounds positively matched against a mass spectral library where the majority showed significant differences between Chinese Spring and at least one ditelosomic line. Trehalose and branched-chain amino acids were selected for detailed investigation, and it was expected that if genes encoding enzymes directly related to their biochemical pathways were located on homoeologous group 3 chromosomes, then corresponding ditelosomic lines would have a significant reduction in metabolites compared with Chinese Spring. Although a proportion showed a reduction, some lines showed significant increases in metabolites, indicating that genes directly and indirectly involved in biosynthetic pathways likely regulate the metabolome. Therefore, this study demonstrated that wheat aneuploid lines are suitable experimental genetic system to validate metabolomics-genomics networks.
An experimental study of video uploading from mobile devices with HTTP streaming (2012)

Mobile video traffic is growing rapidly in networks due to the continuing user adoption of smartphones and tablet computers. While video viewing is now prevalent on such devices, they also easily enable the recording and uploading of videos for quick publishing on popular video sharing websites. Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP, or DASH, is a media streaming standard that has recently been developed by the Motion Pictures Experts Group (MPEG) and which has gained attention for its ability to enable media players to render videos with high quality under various network conditions. MPEG-DASH has been ratified at the end of 2011 and is now also known as ISO/IEC 23009--1. It is noteworthy that the focus of the initial standard is limited to the efficient server-to-client distribution of videos.
Amorphous Silica-Alumina-Catalyzed Alkene-Aromatic Alkylation of Cracked Naphtha: Cyclopentene Species as Precursors for Catalyst Deactivation (2023)

Acid-catalyzed alkene-aromatic alkylation of cracked naphtha is a process of interest for partial upgrading of bitumen without hydrogen. The time-on-stream period before catalyst regeneration is necessary and is affected by formation of carbonaceous deposits (coking). It was postulated that 5-membered ring cyclic alkenes like cyclopentenes were important precursors for catalyst deactivation by coking, compared to linear alkenes. Using cracked naphtha, it was demonstrated that at 300 °C, cyclopentene species were converted both thermally and catalytically. The extent of catalytic conversion increased with Brønsted acidity of the catalyst. To better interpret the findings, model mixtures comprising cyclopentene, 1-hexene, ethylbenzene, and n-heptane were used to compare the impact of the different alkenes to catalyst coking. The three main products detected from acid-catalyzed cyclopentene reactions were trans-decalin, cis-decalin, and bicyclopentylidene. A plausible explanation of the pathway with a common intermediate was presented. Differences between conversion of cyclopentene and 1-hexene were explained in terms of the lower basicity of cyclopentene compared to that of 1-hexene, which also explained why cyclopentene conversion was suppressed by ethylbenzene through competitive adsorption on the acid catalyst but not that of 1-hexene. Catalyst coking was evaluated using electron spin resonance spectrometry. Compared to 1-hexene, cyclopentene produced 3–4 times more products with persistent free radicals and was not affected by the presence of ethylbenzene in the reaction mixture, evidencing that it has a more pronounced impact in catalyst coking. However, the extent of coking on the silica-alumina catalyst caused by cyclopentene was insufficient to account all the coking of cracked naphtha, which on equal alkene concentration basis was 2 times more prone to coking than cyclopentene.
Powerline effects over VDSL2 performances (2008)

Telecom operator are using powerline technology (PLC or PLT) inside home as a "no new wire" solution to deliver video service (IPTV) from the home gateway (HG) to the set top box (STB). VDSL2 access technology will be used in next generation networks (NGN2) as final drop for residential customer. Both powerline and VDSL2 use the same frequencies to work: in this paper we present the measured effect of powerline on the VDSL2 technology in order to predict the expected performances.
Potencial de los hongos entomopatógenos para el control de Ceratitis capitata, como apoyo a la Técnica del Insecto Estéril (TIE) (2019)

La mosca mediterránea de la fruta, Ceratitis capitata, es una de las plagas más dañinas para la agricultura en todo el mundo, sobre la cual se aplican importantes medidas cuarentenarias en la mayoría de los países en los que aún no está presente. A principios del año 2007, la técnica del insecto estéril (TIE) se convirtió en el principal medio de lucha y de mayor aplicación dentro del Plan de actuación contra C. capitata en la Comunitat Valenciana. Esta técnica consiste en la cría masiva de insectos macho de la misma especie a combatir que, tras ser esterilizados mediante irradiación, se liberan al campo en grandes cantidades para que copulen con las hembras silvestres, siendo los huevos puestos por éstas inviables. En la actualidad se está evaluando complementar la TIE con el uso de hongos entomopatógenos (HE), microrganismos con capacidad para infectar y causar enfermedades en artrópodos. Los HE son responsables del 80% de las enfermedades que padecen las poblaciones de insectos en la mayoría de los ecosistemas terrestres. El interés de esta línea de investigación consiste en evaluar la eficacia y especificidad de los HE como agente de control biológico contra C. capitata, utilizando los machos estériles liberados como vectores de la enfermedad.
Dark Current Analysis of Vertical p-i-n Photodetectors on a Germanium-on-Insulator Platform (2019)

Dark current of vertical p-i-n photodetectors on a germanium-on-insulator platform was analyzed. The activation energy was found to be from 0.15 to 0.36 eV under reserve bias. The dark current generation was interpreted by Shockley-Read-Hall and trap-assisted-tunneling effects. This work provides the interpretation on germanium-on-insulator photodetectors and suggests the alternative to suppress the dark current generation for Si-based Ge photodetectors.
Practical Private Set Intersection Protocols with Linear Computational and Bandwidth Complexity. (2009)

Increasing dependence on anytime-anywhere availability of data and the commensurately increasing fear of losing privacy motivate the need for privacy-preserving techniques. One interesting and common problem occurs when two parties need to privately compute an intersection of their respective sets of data. In doing so, one or both parties must obtain the intersection (if one exists), while neither should learn anything about other set. Although prior work has yielded a number of effective and elegant Private Set Intersection (PSI) techniques, the quest for efficiency is still underway. This paper explores some PSI variations and constructs several secure protocols that are appreciably more efficient than the state-of-the-art.
Stereoselectivity in Nucleophilic Additions to 3-Azidoalkanals (2011)

The stereoselectivity of nucleophilic additions to 3-azidoalkanals was investigated. Non-chelating, BF3·OEt2-mediated Sakurai addition to 3-azidoalkanals afforded 1,3-anti products, whereas use of a chelating Lewis acid, TiCl4, resulted in 1,3-syn products with moderate selectivity. A boat-like chelation structure of the 3-azidoalkanal with the Lewis acid is proposed to be consistent with the 1,3-syn selectivity of the reactions. Mukaiyama aldol addition to 3-azidohexanal generated 1,3-anti products regardless of the chelating ability of the Lewis acid.
Strain and wafer curvature of 3C‐SiC films on silicon: influence of the growth conditions (2007)

Abstract We study the influence of the growth conditions on the residual strain and related optical and structural properties in the case of 3C‐SiC films grown on (001) silicon substrates. We show that two possible mechanisms compete to manage the final sample bow: one is by controlling the composition of the gaseous phase (C/Si ratio) the other one by adjusting the growth temperature and duration (creep effect). In both cases, we compare the low temperature photoluminescence spectra of samples grown under tensile or compressive final stress. We show that better results can be obtained when using the creep effect. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Overexpression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and functionally‑related genes, D‑DT, CD74, CD44, CXCR2 and CXCR4, in glioblastoma (2018)

The macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) is a cytokine with multiple biological functions, including the cancer-associated processes, cell cycle deregulation, angiogenesis and metastatization. The present study investigated the expression of MIF and its functionally associated genes (D-DT, CD74, CD44, CXCR2 and CXCR4) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas databank, through the cBioportal web-based utility (cbioportal.org/). A significant increase was observed in the majority of these genes in GBM samples compared with lower grade gliomas, however no significant correlation among the selected genes and the overall survival of the patients was identified. In contrast, the expression of MIF exhibited a trend toward an increase in overall survival and a significant increase of MIF expression was observed in samples of patients who underwent neoadjuvant treatment. In conclusion these data indicate that MIF and its receptors are involved in GBM progression and maintenance. Deciphering the precise biological significance in GBM would favor the adoption of tailored approaches to modulate the function of MIF and its associated genes for the treatment of the disease.
Maternal omega-3 fatty acids regulate offspring obesity through persistent modulation of gut microbiota (2018)

Our data provide novel evidence that weight gain and metabolic dysfunction in adulthood is mediated by maternal fatty acid status through long-lasting restructuring of the gut microbiota. These results have important implications for understanding the interaction between modern Western diets, metabolic health, and the intestinal microbiome.
Cellular neural network based VLSI architecture for image processing (2002)

The paper presents a way for increasing a size of images which can be processed using cellular neural networks based VLSI circuits. The basic idea is to reduce a number of rows which are being simultaneously processed in a network. To verify the proposed idea, a VLSI integrated circuit which allows for realizing selected gray-level image analyses, has been designed, manufactured and its performance was examined. In addition, a possibility of applying the proposed concept in realizing image processing operations where global signal propagation is crucial, such as halftoning, has been discussed.
Effects of Minor Components in Carbon Dioxide Capture Using Polymeric Gas Separation Membranes (2009)

Abstract: The capture of carbon dioxide by membrane gas separation has been identified as one potential solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In particular, the application of membranes to CO2 capture from both pre‐ and post‐combustion strategies is of interest. For membrane technology to become commercially viable in CO2 capture, a number of factors need to be overcome, one being the role of minor components in the process on membrane performance. This review considers the effects of minor components in both pre‐ and post‐combustion use of polymeric membranes for CO2 capture. In particular, gases such as SOx, NOx, CO, H2S, NH3, as well as condensable water and hydrocarbons are reviewed in terms of their permeability through polymeric membranes relative to CO2, as well as their plasticization and aging effects on membrane separation performance. A major conclusion of the review is that while many minor components can affect performance both through competitive sorption and plasticization, much remains unknown. This limits the selection process for membranes in this application.
Efficient modeling of electromagnetic characteristics of soil for FDTD ground penetrating radar simulation (2002)

For particular frequency ranges, electromagnetic waves are suitable for detecting buried objects. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is an important tool for determining the locations of land mines, unexploded ordnance, improperly buried waste, or large obstacles which may impact excavation operations. It is useful to understand the effects of the soil surrounding scattering targets, by numerically simulating in the time domain the propagation, interaction, and scattering of EM waves by buried two-dimensional model objects such as pipes, cables, rocks, drums, and layers of aqueous waste. We derive functional dependencies for /spl epsi/ and /spl sigma/ and develop a simple but accurate time-domain model of soil.
Technische Verfahren zur Synthese von Carotinoiden und verwandten Verbindungen aus 6‐Oxo‐isophoron. IV. Neues Konzept für die Synthese von (3RS, 3′RS)‐, (3S, 3′S)‐ und (3R, 3′R)‐9,9′‐dicis‐7,8,7′,8′‐Tetradehydroastaxanthin (1981)

Technical Procedures for the Synthesis of Carotenoids and Related Compounds from 6‐Oxo‐isophorone. IV. A Novel Concept for the Synthesis of (3 RS , 3′ RS )‐, (3 S , 3′ S )‐ and (3 R , 3′ R )‐9,9′‐di cis ‐7,8,7′,8′‐Tetradehydroastaxanthin Starting from readily available intermediates of the synthesis of astaxanthin, (3 RS , 3′ RS )‐, (3 R , 3′ R )‐ and (3 S , 3′ S )‐9,9′‐di‐ cis ‐tetradehydroastaxanthin ( 1, 1a and 1b , resp.) were synthesized, 1 and 1b for the first time. Key features of this concept are: a) use of the unprotected, acetylenic phosphonium salts 8–12 , b) a two‐step synthesis with 47% overall yield, and c) good chemical and optical purity of the end products.
Imaging of reactive oxygen species using [3H]hydromethidine in mice with cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (2015)

The present study showed that [(3)H]hydromethidine was rapidly distributed to the kidney after its injection and trapped there in the presence of ROS such as hydroxyl radicals, suggesting that [(3)H]hydromethidine is useful for assessment of the renal ROS amount in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
slow Cortical Potentials: Plasticity, Operant Control, and Behavioral Effects (1999)

Slow cortical potentials are negative or positive polarizations of the electroencephalo gram (EEG) or magnetic field changes in the magnetoencephalogram (MEG) that last from 300 ms to several seconds. They originate in depolarizations of the apical dendritic tree in the upper cortical layers that are caused by synchronous firing, mainly from thal amocortical afferents. Functionally they constitute a threshold regulation mechanism for local excitatory mobilization (negative slow potentials) or inhibition (positive slow poten tials) of cortical networks. Humans can learn to voluntarily regulate these potentials after operant training using immediate feedback and positive reinforcement for self-generated slow potentials shifts. After learned self-regulation of negative slow cortical potentials, motor and cognitive performance of various tasks improves, depending upon the specific cortical location of the learned response. Learned reduction of cortical negativity in creases seizure threshold and improves drug-resistant epilepsies. The learned self-reg ulation of slow cortical potentials is based on a redistribution of attentional resources and depends cntically on a prefrontal and thalamic attention system. Finally, a thought trans lation device uses the slow potential self-regulation skill in totally paralyzed locked-in patients for communication with a language-shaping computer system. NEURO SCIENTIST 5:74-78, 1999