gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Saudi Aramco Gas Operations Energy Efficiency Program (2012)

Saudi Aramco Gas Operations (GO) created energy efficiency strategies for its 5-year business plan (2011-2015), supported by a unique energy efficiency program, to reduce GO energy intensity by 26% by 2015. The program generated an energy savings of $ 8.8 MM, equivalent to 5% energy intensity reduction in 2011 as compared to 2010 level. The program works through a structured process, pre-set energy targets, installations of online energy management tools, and implementation of key high impact energy efficiency initiatives and completion of energy conservation projects.\nThe long-term fruit of the program was recognized as a best practice to be adapted by most of Saudi Aramco facilities. The generation of innovative energy saving ideas under implementation resulted in potential energy savings of $23 MM.\nThis paper confirms what many others in the industry have found, the opportunity is significant. The author illustrates GO organization crafted a structured energy efficiency program and innovative approaches to unlock the full potential of higher standards of energy efficiency performance.\nGas Operation energy efficiency program will ideally translates energy intensity strategies into realities and transforms the missed opportunities into practical tactics for capturing the millions of dollars of savings potential that exist across GO facilities.
A Multilayer-Coated Reflection Mirror for Microfabrication (1998)

We propose a multilayer-coated mirror for the first mirror of a beamline. Calculated reflectivities of over 80% for B 4 C/W and C/Ni constant d-spacing multilayer-coated mirrors are obtained at 6 keV. Moreover, by using the constant d-spacing multilayer-coated mirror, a monochromatic light source with high reflectivity and high resolution is obtained at the glancing angle of 1.5°. Furthermore, it is determined that a graded d-spacing multilayer-coated mirror, i.e., a supermirror, is effective in this photon energy region since the half-width at half-maximum of the reflectivity increases. A multilayer-coated reflection mirror for beamline optics is promising for applications in microfabrication and structure analysis of materials.
The Ty transposon ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaedetermines the synthesis of at least three proteins (1985)

Two new Ty determined proteins have been identified by placing a Ty transcriptional unit under the control of a high efficiency yeast expression vector. One of these proteins is the product of a post-translational processing event and it binds nucleic acids. A previously identified protein, pl (Tyl-15), has also been shown to bind nucleic acids and to be modified by phosphorylation.
Towards polariton blockade of confined exciton–polaritons (2019)

ISSN:1476-1122
Modelling waveguiding photonic bandgap structuresby leakymode propagation method (2001)

A model of one-dimensional fully etched waveguiding photonic bandgap (FWPBG) structures, based on the leaky mode propagation (LMP) method, is proposed for the first time, to perform a complete analysis of the propagating characteristics including the radiation loss for a structure of finite extension.
Recent research on speech-analyzing aids for the deaf (1968)

The problem of acoustic transmission of speech sounds to the deaf is reviewed. Then some methods of speech analysis are described which have been developed as prototypes of new speech aids. Three types of new aids are covered: 1) aids intended for improving speech reception by recoding or transposing speech sounds into residual hearing ranges, 2) tactual aids to speech communication, and 3) visual aids to supplement speech reception, or for monitoring of speech in speech training.
Control-oriented quality modelling approach of sewer networks (2021)

A control-oriented quality modeling approach is proposed for sewer networks, which can represent quality dynamics using simple equations in order to optimize pollution load from combined sewer overflows in large scale sewer network in real time. Total suspended solid has been selected as the quality indicator, regarding it is easy to be estimated through measuring turbidity and correlated with other quality indicators. The model equations are independent for different elements in sewer network, which allows a scalable usage. In order to ensure accuracy of the proposed models, a calibration procedure and a sensitivity analysis have been presented using data generated by virtual reality simulation. Afterwards, a quality-based model predictive control has been developed based on the proposed models. To validate effectiveness and efficiency of the modelling and optimization approaches, a pilot case, based on the Badalona sewer network in Spain is used. Application results under different scenarios show that the control-oriented modelling approach works properly to cope with quality dynamics in sewers. The quality-based optimization approach can provide strategies in reducing pollution loads in real time.
Improving traffic forecasting for 5G core network scalability: A machine learning approach (2018)

International audience
<title>Mesoscale electromagnetically actuated normally closed valve realized on LTCC tapes</title> (1999)

Sensors and actuators with promising characteristics in aggressive environments and high temperatures have been developed using low temperature co-fired ceramic tape technology. We would like to report our work on an electro- magnetically actuated normally closed valve.
Industrial surface finish method comparison for fine finish measurements (2012)

Measurement of surface finish in industrial manufacturing has traditionally been done by means of either visual comparison with reference plates or by the use of contact stylus based profilers. There are many challenges associated with contact profilers such as stability during measurement in an industrial environment, damage and wear of the tip, measurement in tight spaces or on curved surfaces and just the limited amount of data obtained by a linear scan of the stylus. Many alternative methods have become available such as white light interferometry, focus based systems, and even laser scatter. This paper will present the result of testing of the commercially available methods with particular emphasis on the fine surface finishes demanded in today’s manufacturing, then presents some alternative methods that show strong potential to address some of the challenges mentioned above that are not in wide use today. The analysis will specifically explore some of the physical mechanisms that affect the stylus based measurement, as well as the limitations of many of the optical approaches related to view angle and diffraction limited resolution consequences. The area of confocal imaging will be specifically explored as to how it might be used to obtain more complete data on very fine surface finishes.
Elimination of Oxygen Interference in the Electrochemical Detection of Monochloramine, Using In-Situ pH Control at Interdigitated Electrodes (2020)

Disinfection by chloramination of water systems is an alternative to chlorination that is frequently used in North America. In such a case, monochloramine is used as the primary source of chlorine for disinfection. Regular monitoring of the residual concentrations of this species is crucial to ensure adequate disinfection. An amperometric sensor for monochloramine would provide fast, reagent free analysis, however the presence of dissolved oxygen in water complicates sensor development. In this work, we have explored the use of in-situ pH control as a method of eliminating oxygen as an interferent by conversion of monochloramine to dichloramine. The electrochemical reduction of dichloramine occurs outside the oxygen reduction window and is therefore not affected by oxygen concentration. Potential sweep methods were used to investigate the conversion of monochloramine to dichloramine at pH 3. The pH control method was used to calibrate monochloramine concentrations between 1 and 10 ppm, with a detection limit of 0.03 ppm. Tests were carried out in high alkalinity samples, wherein it was found that the sensitivity of this method effectively remained unchanged. Monochloramine was also quantified in the presence of common interferents (copper, phosphate and iron) which had no significant impact on the analysis
High efficiency free running class F oscillator (2002)

A free running 1.6 GHz oscillator yielding 67% power efficiency with 24 dBm output power is proposed. It is based on the use of a transistor working in the an high efficiency class F associated to an appropriate feedback network. The transistor is a 2 mm gate periphery, 0.7 /spl mu/m gate length MESFET built by the Thomson foundry. The main impact of the characteristics of the constitutive components on the overall oscillator performance is also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Effects of training on delayed muscle soreness and serum creatine kinase activity after running (1987)

We studied the effects of progressive, short-term training on the delayed muscle soreness (DMS) and serum creatine kinase (SCK) responses to downhill (-10%) running for 45 min. Prior to the experimental run, subjects in training groups (N = 38) ran for 5 min to 15 min.d-1 on either -10% or +10% incline for either 1 wk (5 d) or 2 wk (10 d). Twelve control subjects did not train. DMS was reduced, although not totally prevented, by the 1 wk, and especially, 2 wk of downhill running training. Training by uphill running had little effect in preventing DMS. Mean SCK values 24 h after the experimental run were not significantly different among the groups (range: 99 to 340% of pre-exercise values), indicating no effect of any training regimen. Relatively large differences existed among subjects in terms of soreness and SCK responses to the experimental running. It was suggested that DMS may be difficult to totally avoid if exercise with a large eccentric component is performed. Prevention of such DMS may be most likely if prior training involves exercise with a substantial eccentric component, starts with bouts of very small quantities, and progresses in small increments over more than 2 wk.
Voltage-Controlled Cycling Endurance of HfO<sub><italic>x</italic></sub>-Based Resistive-Switching Memory (2015)

Resistive-switching memory (RRAM) based on metal oxide is currently considered as a possible candidate for future nonvolatile storage and storage-class memory. To explore possible applications of RRAM, the switching variability and the cycling endurance are key issues that must be carefully understood. To this purpose, we studied the switching variability and the endurance in pulsed regime for HfOx-based RRAM. We found that the resistance window, the set/reset variability, and the endurance are all controlled by the maximum voltage V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">stop</sub> , which is applied during the negative-reset operation. We demonstrate that the endurance failure is triggered by a negative-set event, where the resistance suddenly decreases during the reset. Cycling endurance is studied as a function of time, compliance current and V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">stop</sub> , allowing to develop an Arrhenius-law model, which is capable of predicting device lifetime under various conditions.
The sensibility inference function by psycho-quantum computer (2004)

Human cognition stems from his identifying the relationship or relative distance between himself and any other objects or persons, for which prerequisite is establishing his 'self'. In other words, it is presumable that the potential of intelligent machine's establishing its 'self' would require us to engineer its sense of 'ego' and 'intention', which involves such factors as 'emotions', 'instincts', and 'sensibilities'. This dissertation introduces the psycho-quantum theory which illustrates the human psychodynamics by the quantum mechanics approach, and its application for constructing the distribution model of emotional modalities and the autonomous system, the essential elements for creating an ego in a computer. We have attempted to create the artificial 'ego' and 'desire' based on our probability model and state transition analysis, then accordingly developed our methodology of the artificial thought process as well as the judging mechanism of such computer. Furthermore, this dissertation introduces the sensibility inference function of our psycho-quantum computer, by which we discuss our methods to itemize 126 emotional modalities of human, construct the three-dimensional dynamic model of emotions, and analyze the emotion distribution and its longitudinal modal transition so as to derive the artificial instinct and to determine/infer its relationship with external factors. Currently, our technology to construct the comprehensive psycho-quantum computer is yet in developmental stage; however, its potential is enormous so that it will constitute a key technology in new robotics industry.
EVIDENCE SUGGESTING THE ROLE OF SPECIFIC GENETIC FACTORS IN CIGARETTE SMOKING (1998)

Lerman, Caryn; Main, David; Audrain, Janet; Caporaso, Neil E.; Bowman, Elise D.; Lockshin, Benjamin; Shields, Peter G.; Boyd, Neal R. Author Information
The fusome organizes the microtubule network during oocyte differentiation in Drosophila (2000)

Differentiation of the Drosophila oocyte takes place in a cyst of 16 interconnected germ cells and is dependent on a network of microtubules that becomes polarized as differentiation progresses (polarization). We have investigated how the microtubule network polarizes using a GFP-tubulin construct that allows germ-cell microtubules to be visualized with greater sensitivity than in previous studies. Unexpectedly, microtubules are seen to associate with the fusome, an asymmetric germline-specific organelle, which elaborates as cysts form and undergoes complex changes during cyst polarization. This fusome-microtubule association occurs periodically during late interphases of cyst divisions and then continuously in 16-cell cysts that have entered meiotic prophase. As meiotic cysts move through the germarium, microtubule minus ends progressively focus towards the center of the fusome, as visualized using a NOD-lacZ marker. During this same period, discrete foci rich in gamma tubulin that very probably correspond to migrating cystocyte centrosomes also associate with the fusome, first on the fusome arms and then in its center, subsequently moving into the differentiating oocyte. The fusome is required for this complex process, because microtubule network organization and polarization are disrupted in hts(1) mutant cysts, which lack fusomes. Our results suggest that the fusome, a specialized membrane-skeletal structure, which arises in early germ cells, plays a crucial role in polarizing 16-cell cysts, at least in part by interacting with microtubules and centrosomes.
Money and Language (2005)

I closed the last chapter by saying that the aesthetic argument of the Epistle to Burlington is also a political and an economic argument. As the visual world becomes meaningful only through customary experience, the mode in which people should intervene in that world should pay respect to custom and tradition. And as the visual world is a series of signs instituted by God that instructs people how to behave, then any intervention in the visual world ought to imitate God's utilitarian providence. So responses to and interventions in the visual world ought to be governed by a utilitarian regard for the way people have lived. Reading Pope next to Berkeley's writing on vision presents us with Pope as a visual, political and economic conservative, but of a rather radical and sceptical kind. I would like to pursue my account of Pope as a radical conservative with strong sceptical leanings in this chapter. It has a very similar trajectory to the preceding chapter. Having hinted at the dominant mode of reading Pope's poems on money and financial tokens, I will question the economic and philosophical groundwork of this dominant mode of reading.KeywordsLiterary WorkVisual WorldFinancial TokenEarly Eighteenth CenturyPaper MoneyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Evaluating encrypted Boolean functions on encrypted bits: secure decision-making on the black side (2013)

We present a novel approach for secure evaluation of encrypted Boolean functions on encrypted bits. Building upon Barrington’s work to transform circuits to group programs and the Feige-Kilian-Naor cryptographic protocol, our novel Fixed Structure Group Program construction for secure evaluation eliminates the need for an expensive Universal Circuit to hide the function. Elements on the Black side weave together and multiply two coordinated streams of random sequences of elements from an unsolvable group; the Boolean decision is recovered while preserving the confidentiality of the decision function and the input bits. The operation is fast and can be further sped up using parallel computation. Our approach can handle expressions with NC<sup>1</sup> complexity, which is the class of Acyclic Boolean Circuits with polynomial width and logarithmic depth in the size of the input. This efficiently parallelizable class includes nonmonotone Boolean expressions of equality, inequality/range, Hamming distance, Boolean matrix multiplication, and kof- m threshold matching operations. The combined benefits of scaling and expressivity of our approach enables secure decision-making on the Black side. Envisioned applications include confidential publish/subscribe systems (with empirically validated performance), secure content-oriented internetworks, confidential forwarding and firewalling rules, and cross-domain guards.
A lattice Boltzmann model for particle transport and deposition (1998)

Solid particles (such as snow or sand) can get eroded and transported by the wind, and little understanding has been achieved in this domain. We propose a description of the phenomenon in terms of a cellular automata and lattice Boltzmann model. Numerical simulations show that plausible mechanisms are sufficient to explain a wide range of deposition patterns occurring at different space scales. In particular, we reproduce the so-called ripples, that is oscillations of the deposition surface for which no formation mechanism is clearly established.
Reassessment of the impact of mucosal immunity in infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and design of relevant vaccines (1994)

The development of vaccines that would induce specific immune responses in the genital tract secretions would have far-reaching implications for not only the prevention of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases but also the immunological control of fertility (4, 76, 88, 89, 123, 124, 149). Most of the currently studied vaccines utilize systemic routes of immunization which are of limited value for the prevention of mucosa-contracted diseases. The relative contribution of antigensensitized cells from PP or other inductive sites (e.g., rectal tonsils) to remote or adjacent effector sites (e.g., genital tract) as manifested by the appearance of corresponding S-IgA antibodies has not been studied extensively in humans despite its unquestionable practical importance. Exploration of immunization routes that are effective for induction of mucosal immune responses and that are based primarily on current knowledge of the origin of antibodies and of specific antibody-forming cells in mucosal tissues, together with novel antigen delivery systems (1, 76, 89, 130), is likely to reduce the incidence of many infectious diseases including AIDS and also reduce the cost of administration of such vaccines.
Correction: Quantitative Normative Gait Data in a Large Cohort of Ambulatory Persons with Parkinson’s Disease (2012)

Background: Gait performance is widely evaluated to assess health status in older adult populations. While several investigators have presented normative values for spatiotemporal gait parameters drawn from older adult populations, the literature has been void of large-scale cohort studies, which are needed in order to provide quantitative, normative gait data in persons with Parkinson's disease. The aim of this investigation was to provide reference values for clinically important gait characteristics in a large sample of ambulatory persons with Parkinson's disease to aid both clinicians and researchers in their evaluations and treatments of gait impairment.
Identification of antimicrobial compounds active against intracellularStaphylococcus aureus (2005)

Small-colony variants (SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus exhibit characteristics of bacteria that can penetrate mammalian cells and remain intracellular and innocuous for indefinite periods. These properties make SCVs a convenient tool that can be used to identify new antibacterial agents having activity against intracellular, quiescent bacteria. Agents active against SCVs could be useful in the treatment of chronic staphylococcal infections such as bovine mastitis. An hemB deletion mutant of S. aureus Newbould, a bovine mastitis isolate, having a stable, genetically defined SCV phenotype, was used in a screening program to identify compounds active against intracellular, gram-positive bacteria. Out of more than 260,000 compounds screened, nine compounds having the desired properties were identified. The range of MICs against gram-positive bacteria was < or = 0.12-32 microg ml-1. One of the compounds (no. 8) showed excellent activity against gram-positive (MICs < or = 0.12 microg ml-1) and gram-negative (MICs < or = 0.12-4 microg ml-1) bacteria. Each of the nine compounds demonstrated efficacy in a neutropenic mouse thigh infection model. Two compounds, including compound no. 8, reduced numbers of bacteria in a mouse mastitis model of infection. Application of a stepwise screening process has identified lead compounds that may be useful for treating persistent, intracellular infections.
Proposal: Different types of alteration and loss of consciousness in epilepsy (2014)

There are at least five types of alterations of consciousness that occur during epileptic seizures: auras with illusions or hallucinations, dyscognitive seizures, epileptic delirium, dialeptic seizures, and epileptic coma. Each of these types of alterations of consciousness has a specific semiology and a distinct pathophysiologic mechanism. In this proposal we emphasize the need to clearly define each of these alterations/loss of consciousness and to apply this terminology in semiologic descriptions and classifications of epileptic seizures. The proposal is a consensus opinion of experienced epileptologists, and it is hoped that it will lead to systematic studies that will allow a scientific characterization of the different types of alterations/loss of consciousness described in this article.
[Present Situation and Prospect of Urinary Biomarkers For Bladder Cancer]. (2015)

Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Early detection of bladder cancer is critical to improve the prognosis of the patient. The conventional method for the detection and monitoring of bladder cancer at present is cystoscopy with urinary cytology. Limitations of cystoscopy and urinary cytology have shown the need for better diagnostic method for bladder cancer. Ideally, such assays would be applicable to noninvasively obtained, and be designed not only for diagnosis, but also for monitoring disease recurrence and providing basis for therapy. Consequently, the development of a noninvasive urine-based assay would bring the gospel to both patients and healthcare systems. This article reviews some of the more prominent urine-based biomarkers and related new technologies reported in the literature in recent years.