gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crevasse rescue (1957)

In August 1946 John Tonkin, navigator at the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey station on Stonington Island in Marguerite Bay, Graham Land, was leading a team of dogs half a mile from the station. As the path was a well-trodden one he was not wearing skis. Four other men were in the party. He was walking close in front of the lead dog when suddenly he disappeared down a hidden crevasse. Fortunately it was a very narrow one and he stuck about 40 ft. down, jammed by the thickness of his body, and with his legs hanging free. Other men were called from the station and came to his rescue with rope, but no pulley block. First, ropes with loops on their ends were lowered, and Tonkin managed to put his arms through the loops, and so acquire some feeling of security. The narrowness of the crevasse meant that a rescuer had to be lowered spread-eagled with his weight taken in loops of rope clove-hitched around the instep. It also prevented the free use of an ice axe, and the process of chipping Tonkin free was carried out slowly with the ferrule and spike sawn off the end of an ice axe. Two hours after the accident Tonkin was hauled to the surface by means of the original ropes looped round his arms. The strain of his weight on the ropes damaged the nerves of his arms, and a partial paralysis resulted for several months.
Table S2 from Rapid Intraoperative Diagnosis of Pediatric Brain Tumors Using Stimulated Raman Histology (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Descriptive statistics of patient population&lt;/p&gt;
Szintigraphische Darstellung des Herzens bei der Knochenszintigraphie bei einem Patienten mit Prostatakrebs (1998)

Die Knochenszintigraphie ist das sensitivste Verfahren zum Frühnachweis ossärer Metastasen, die bei den meisten Tumorerkrankungen einen bedeutenden prognostischen Faktor darstellen und das therapeutische Procedere maßgeblich beeinflussen. Die Knochenszintigraphie hat beim Prostatakarzinom wegen der häufig auftretenden ossären Metastasen eine besondere Bedeutung. Wir berichten über einen Patienten mit Prostatakarzinom, bei dem das Knochenszintigramm eine massive Anhäufung des radioaktiven Medikamentes im Herzmuskel zeigte.
Endogenous Opioid Inhibition and Facilitation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Release from the Median Eminencein Vitro: Potential Role of Catecholamines* (1988)

The intrahypothalamic site(s) of endogenous opioid regulation of GnRH secretion remains to be resolved. Accordingly, we used an in vitro acute incubation system to evaluate GnRH, dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) release from adult male rat median eminences (MEs) in response to the opiate receptor agonist morphine (MOR) and the opiate receptor antagonist naloxone (NAL). MOR (2 mM) stimulated basal and K+-induced GnRH release from isolated MEs, but 0.25, 5, or 100 microM MOR was without significant effect. NAL (1 mg/ml; 2.8 mM) increased basal GnRH release, but 0.01 mg NAL/ml suppressed basal GnRH release, and neither 0.001 nor 0.1 mg NAL/ml had an appreciable effect. NAL did not significantly alter K+-induced GnRH release. In a separate experiment, 1 mg NAL/ml stimulated but 0.01 mg NAL/ml inhibited basal release of DA and NE from the ME. NAL (1 ng/ml) also decreased K+-induced DA and NE release. The rates of basal and K+-induced DA and NE release were highly correlated with GnRH release during corresponding 0, 0.01, and 1.0 mg/ml NAL treatments in the preceding experiment (r = 0.98 and 0.93, respectively). Thus, 2 mM MOR stimulated but different NAL dosages either stimulated or inhibited GnRH release from isolated MEs, suggesting complex opioid regulation at the level of the GnRH neurosecretory terminals. The precise correlation between GnRH and DA/NE release suggests that the catecholamine terminals close to both GnRH- and endorphin-containing terminals in the ME may mediate this opioid regulation.
An Integrated Embedded Solution for Driving Support (2014)

In the last years there has been a significant interest from academia and industry for interfacing vehicles with mobile devices to offer services to drivers. Kinematics information, automotive diagnostics, consumption data can be provided by vehicles to make the roads greener, safer and smarter. In this paper, we define and design an embedded solution to support drivers in driving process. It can obtain real-time vehicle data, such as vehicle speed, engine speed, coolant temperature, instant fuel consumption, etc., from CAN (Controller Area Network) bus and through these information to provide novel services to drivers. By Android-based mobile devices (e.g. Smartphones, tablet) and an embedded circuit, we can collect, store and analyze the various vehicle information and then use these data to provide back-end services to drivers. Vehicle information is transferred to a mobile device which, using cellular internet connection, transmits them to a server.
Introduction of a Strong Binding Site for Lanthanides at the N-Terminus of Peptides and Ribonuclease A (1978)

A new reagent, phthalyl-4-isothiocyanate, reacts specifically at the N-terminus of a peptide or protein with the production of a phthalic acid 4-thiocarbamyl derivative. The adjacent carboxyl groups of the phthalyl group serve as a strong binding site for lanthanides at pH 5 with a stability constant for praseodymium about 220 times that of a single carboxyl group. Reaction of phthalyl-4-isothiocyanate with α-amino groups of peptides at 25°C in 2H2O at pH meter readings of 8.7 and 7.2 is complete in 15 min and 24 h respectively, without modification of histidine or tyrosine side chains. At the lower pH there is no reaction of the ɛ-amino group of lysine. The phthalic acid 4-thiocarbamyl derivative of ribonuclease A is cyclised and cleaved by the normal Edman degradation in acid to produce the phthalic acid 4-thiohydantoin of lysine. The α-CH proton of lysine-1 in ribonuclease A produces a triplet nuclear magnetic resonance that has been assigned on the basis of its coupling constant, the pH dependence of its chemical shift (pK′ is 7.6) and its disappearance on reaction of ribonuclease A with phthalyl-4-isothiocyanate. The reaction of phthalyl-4-isothiocyanate with a protein allows the introduction of a strong lanthanide binding site specifically at the N-terminus, as a starting point for structural studies using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Recommendations for individual participant data meta-analyses on work stressors and health outcomes: comments on IPD-Work Consortium papers (2015)

The IPD-Work (individual-participant data meta-analysis of working populations) Consortium has published several papers on job strain (the combination of low job control and high job demands) based on Karasek's demand-control model (1) and health-related outcomes including cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, obesity, diabetes as well as health-related behaviors, utilizing meta-analyses of a pooled database of study participants from 17 European cohorts. An IPD approach has some advantages over typical meta-analyses, eg, having access to all the data for each individual allows for additional analyses, compared to typical meta-analyses. However, such an approach, like other meta-analyses, is not free from errors and biases (2-6) when it is not conducted appropriately. In our review of the IPD-Work Consortium's (hereafter called the Consortium) publications of the last two years, we have identified and pointed out several conceptual and methodological errors, as well as unsubstantiated conclusions and inappropriate recommendations for worksite public health policies (6-15). However, the Consortium has not yet appropriately addressed many of the issues we have raised. Also several major errors and biases underlying the Consortium IPD meta-analysis publications have not been presented in a comprehensive way, nor have they been discussed widely among work stress researchers. We are concerned that the same errors and biases could be repeated in future IPD Consortium meta-analysis publications as well as by other researchers who are interested in meta-analyses on work stressors and health outcomes. It is possible that the inappropriate interpretations in the Consortium publications, which remained uncorrected to date, may have a negative impact on the international efforts of the work stress research community to improve the health of working populations. Recently, Dr. Töres Theorell, a principal investigator of the Consortium, responded in this journal (16) to some of our criticisms on the Consortium papers (17, 18). The purpose of this article is to discuss the methodological and substantive issues that remain to be resolved and how they could be addressed in future analyses. We provide recommendations for future IPD or typical meta-analyses on work stressors and health outcomes. Finally, we discuss the inappropriate conclusions and recommendations in the Consortium publications and provide alternative recommendations, including a comprehensive perspective on worksite intervention studies.
Enamel matrix derivative effects on palatal mucosa wound healing: Randomized clinical trial (2021)

Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that EMD application to excisional palatal wounds using the investigated protocol does not provide clinical healing benefits, despite an apparent modulation of selected inflammatory markers.
Random Quadrature Demodulation for Direct Detection Single-Pulse Rayleigh C-OTDR (2016)

We present a demodulation method that partially compensates for the nonlinear and random transfer function of fiber-optic direct detection coherent Rayleigh optical time-domain reflectometry (C-OTDR). Specifically, the proposed method is shown to improve the detection of small amplitude, high-frequency dynamic optical fiber strain as it occurs in acoustic emission sensing. The method is applicable provided that the dynamic fiber strain to be sensed is known to affect a longer section of sensing fiber in a spatially homogeneous way. It is shown that this knowledge can be used to extract more quantitative information from the measured C-OTDR signal by averaging signal components from the affected fiber section in a suitable and efficient way. The theoretical basis of the method is developed and supporting experimental results are presented.
Incidence of Dental Caries in the Primary Dentition in Children with a Cleft Lip and/or Palate (1997)

The incidence of dental caries in the primary dentition was determined in Dutch cleft lip and/or palate children (n = 81) and in children without a congenital malformation (n = 77). In the oral cleft group the incidence of dental caries (0.037; 95% CI 0.031-0.046) was significantly higher than in the control group (0.004; 95% CI 0.002-0.007) with a crude incidence rate ratio of 9.3. Adjusted for oral hygiene, oral cleft yielded a rate ratio (relative risk) of approximately 3.5 (95% CI 1.35-9.28) in the multivariate analysis. Dental caries occurred in 25 children with an oral cleft (30.9%) and in 5 control children (6.5%). All types of teeth were affected in the oral cleft group while in the control group dental caries only occurred in maxillary incisors and second molars. The highest incidence of dental caries was found in the teeth beside the oral cleft and in the primary molars of the oral cleft group.
Short-Frame Fountain Code for Plasma Sheath With “Communication Windows” (2020)

The surface of a hypersonic vehicle traveling at a speed exceeding Mach 10 is covered by a plasma sheath. The plasma sheath is a complex dynamic random medium that seriously attenuates electromagnetic (EM) waves and generates the so-called blackout phenomenon. However, owing to changes in vehicle flight parameters, such as the angle of attack, speed, and altitude, or the effects of plasma weakening control measures, the attenuation effect of the plasma sheath on EM waves weakens for a short time. At times, the amplitude of the EM waves is higher than the communication threshold, and the EM waves penetrate the plasma sheath in a so-called “communication window”. However, the random temporal variance of the plasma sheath parameters causes the required parameters of the “communication windows” to appear randomly, resulting in the traditional communication methods that needs to keep the communication link open for a long time being no longer applicable. To maximize the use of these “communication windows”, this paper proposes a short-frame fountain code (SFFC), constructs a time-varying plasma sheath channel model, and studies the relationship between the SFFC parameters and the transmission performance of this particular channel. Simulation and experimental results show that the use of SFFC improves the reliability of communication through the plasma sheath. The uninterrupted and correct transmission of information can be achieved even when the plasma equivalent frequency is close to the carrier frequency.
ANA : a method for ARM-on-ARM execution (2007)

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.
A 2.24GHz Wide Range Low Jitter DLL-Based Frequency Multiplier using PMOS Active Load for Communication Applications (2007)

In this paper, a wide-range DLL-based frequency multiplier with PMOS active load for communication applications is proposed. Adding the PMOS active load in the delay cells has the inductive-peaking effect to increase the operation frequency range. The DLL-based frequency multiplier uses simple exclusive-or (XOR) gates and phase blending technique for the frequency multiplications. The frequency multiplier can generate <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</i> times of frequency of the input clock when the number of delay cells ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</i> ) in the VCDL is even. The output frequency of the proposed frequency multiplier ranges from 80MHz to 2.24GHz using TSMC 0.18μm CMOS process. The locked time is 0.96ns locked time at 400MHz. The peak-to-peak jitter is 46ps at 80MHz and 95.3ps at 2.24GHz. The power consumption of proposed frequency multiplier is 25.79mW at 400MHz.
Self-starting passively modelocked fibre laserexploiting polarisation evolution in MQW waveguide (1994)

The authors give experimental evidence for a new type of modelocking mechanism in Er-doped fibre lasers, based on polarisation evolution in an intracavity MQW waveguide. Experiments indicate that anisotropic properties of MQW waveguides can continuously start the modelocking process.
Receiver operating characteristic analysis to determine optimal fluid management during open colorectal surgery (2018)

A weight gain of > 3.5 kg at POD 2 has been identified as the critical threshold for overall and respiratory complications and prolonged length of stay after open elective colorectal surgery.
PRODUCTION OF $lambda$$sup 0$ ($Sigma$$sup 0$)-HYPERONS AND K$sup 0$-MESONS IN $pi$$sup -$ p-INTERACTIONS AT 6.8 +- 0.6 Bev/c (1961)

Processes involving the production of LAMBDA /sup o/ ( SIGMA /sup o/)- hyperons and K/sup o/-mesons in pi /sup -/ p-collisons were studied for pi /sup -/-mesons of 6.8 Bev/c momentum. The cross section for production of LAMBDA / sup o/ ( SIGMA /sup o/)- and K/sup o/-particles, the ratio between the Y/sup o/K- and KK-pair production cross sections, the angular and momentum distributions of LAMBDA /sup o/- and K/sup o/-particles in the c.m.s. and the transverse momentum distributions for LAMBDA /sup o/- and K/sup o/particles have been obtained. (auth)
A novel approach involving a microcatheter tip during aneurysmal coil embolization: The Γ (gamma) tip method (2019)

Complete and secure occlusion of the entire aneurysmal neck remains a problem despite major advances in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms using endovascular coil embolization. Here, we present our initial clinical experience using a novel strategy for endovascular coil embolization involving a microcatheter tip, known as the “Γ (gamma) tip method,” and compare the in vitro results of this technique with those of conventional straight microcatheters. The microcatheters were bent at a right angle starting 1–2 mm from the length of the tip using a catheter-shaping mandrel and a hot air gun. The tiny right-angled tip is the “Γ tip.” In aneurysm models, we assessed the efficacy of shaping during coil deployment. The Γ-tipped microcatheters demonstrated better movement and oscillation during insertion of the coil into the aneurysm compared with the straight-tipped catheters. Moreover, the Γ-tipped microcatheter provided less coil protrusion into the parent artery and less microcatheter kickback compared with the straight tip. With the Γ-tipped microcatheter, even if the first coil loop migrated into the parent artery, its subsequent dynamic movement routed it back into the aneurysm. The Γ tip method enabled smooth movement of the microcatheter into the aneurysm, demonstrating the safety and security of coil insertion using the Γ tip compared with the conventional straight tip.
Adaptive time division duplexing configuration mode selection mechanism for accommodating asymmetric traffic in time division long term evolution‐advanced systems (2013)

ABSTRACT Recently, mobile networks have been suffering from asymmetric traffic congestion as various multimedia services have been newly introduced. To solve the congestion, mobile networks should be able to adaptively adjust resource volume for uplink and downlink transmissions. However, for a 3rd Generation Partnership Project time‐division long term evolution advanced system, research has not been carried out on the details of the dynamic resource adjustment. In this paper, we propose a mechanism in which evolved NodeB can adaptively adjust resource volume for uplink and downlink transmissions by switching the time division duplexing configuration mode. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can effectively accommodate uplink and downlink traffic, and can maintain queueing delays of mobile traffic at low levels in both uplink and downlink channels. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Metal–ligand–Lewis acid multi-cooperative catalysis: a step forward in the Conia-ene reaction (2020)

An original multi-cooperative catalytic approach was developed by combining metal-ligand cooperation and Lewis acid activation. The [(SCS)Pd]<sub>2</sub> complex featuring a non-innocent indenediide-based ligand was found to be a very efficient and versatile catalyst for the Conia-ene reaction, when associated with Mg(OTf)<sub>2</sub>. The reaction operates at low catalytic loadings under mild conditions with HFIP as a co-solvent. It works with a variety of substrates, including those bearing internal alkynes. It displays complete 5-<i>exo vs.</i> 6-<i>endo</i> regio-selectivity. In addition, except for the highly congested <sup><i>t</i></sup> Bu-substituent, the reaction occurs with high <i>Z vs. E</i> stereo-selectivity, making it synthetically useful and complementary to known catalysts.
Representation of SEEG signals using time-frequency signatures (2002)

This work focuses on the analysis of stereoelectroencephalographic (SEEG) signals recorded with depth electrodes on epileptic patients. This analysis provides major information on interactions between brain structures during seizures. Considering the non stationary nature of these signals, time-frequency representations are appropriate for this analysis. The study of the time-frequency contents of SEEG signals allows to extract classes of time-frequency signatures that are characteristic of different phases of a seizure. Even if the considered classes do not form a complete dictionary of signatures, they allow to describe the evolution of the seizures.
Reaction of iron and silicon during ion implantation (1993)

Using energy-loss spectroscopy, energy dispersive x-ray analysis, electron diffraction, and He+-ion channeling the reaction of Fe during implantation into Si(111) has been investigated at various target temperatures and implantation doses. In samples implanted at 275 °C with 2.8×1017 Fe+ cm−2 a continuous α-FeSi2 layer accompanied by α-phase precipitates is formed. At 450 °C Fe agglomerates mostly in α-phase precipitates with only a few being β-FeSi2. At 350 °C 1×1017 Fe+ cm−2 produce precipitates electronically close to FeSi2 but crystallographically poorly defined. At 4×1017 Fe+ cm−2 a β-FeSi2 layer is formed at the surface and a 20-nm-thick α-FeSi2 one followed by α-FeSi2 precipitates deeper in the volume. Channeling reveals a minimum yield decreasing with dose indicating improved α-phase crystal quality. A sharp increase at 3.3×1017 cm−2 indicates an α–β phase transition. FeSi has not been detected. Precipitates of well defined silicide phases are formed already during implantation. Dose and temperature have a profound influence on the phase formed.
A selenomethionine-containing azurin from an auxotroph of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (1985)

The production and spectroscopic properties of an L-selenomethionine-containing homolog of Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin are described. The amino acid substitution was carried out by developing an L-methionine-dependent bacterial strain from a fully functional ATCC culture. Uptake studies monitored using L-[75Se]methionine indicated that L-selenomethionine was incorporated into the protein synthetic pathway of Pseudomonas bacteria in a manner analogous to L-methionine. Several batches of bacteria were grown, and one sample of isolated and purified selenoazurin (azurin in which methionine was substituted by selenomethionine) was found (by neutron activation analysis) to contain 5.2 +/- 0.8 seleniums/copper. Correspondingly, a residual 0.35 methionines, relative to 6.0 in the native protein, were found by amino acid analysis in this azurin sample. The redox potential and extinction coefficient of this selenoazurin were found to be 333 +/- 1 mV (pH 7.0, I = 0.22) and 5855 +/- 160 M-1 cm-1 at 626 +/- 1 nm, respectively. Visible electronic, CD, and EPR spectra are reported and Gaussian curve fitting to the former spectrum allowed assignment of the selenomethionine Se----Cu(II) transition to a band found at 18034 cm-1, based upon an observed 450 cm-1 shift to the red from the analogous band position in the native protein. The data are consistent with a relatively more covalent copper site stabilizing the reduced, Cu(I), form in the selenoprotein. A role for the methionine as a modulator of the blue copper site redox potential by metal----ligand back bonding from Cu(I) is discussed in terms of a ligand sphere which limits the valence change at copper to much less than 1 during a redox cycle.
Dimethylcarbonate as a Green Reagent (2000)

Dimethylcarbonate (DMC) is an environmentally friendly substitute for dimethylsulfate (DMS) and methyl halides in methylation reactions. It is also a very selective reagent. The reactions of DMC with methylene-active compounds produce monomethylated derivatives with a selectivity not previously observed. The batchwise monomethylation of arylacetonitriles, arylacetoesters, aroxyacetonitriles, methyl aroxyacetates, benzylarylsulfones and alkylarylsulfones with DMC achieve >99% selectivity at 180-220°C in the presence of K2CO3. Mono-N-methylation of primary aromatic amines at 120-150 °C in the presence of Y- and X-type zeolites, achieved selectivities up to 97%. At high temperature (200°C) and in the presence of potassium carbonate as the catalyst, DMC splits benzylic and aliphatic ketones into two methyl esters; in contrast, DMC converts ketone oximes bearing a methylene group to 3-methyl-4,5-disubstituted-4-oxazolin-2-ones. Dibenzylcarbonate (DBzlC) exhibits similar reactivity, selectively monobenzylating methylene-active compounds.