gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Mechanical and Enzymatic Pretreatments on Extraction of Polyphenols from Blackberry Fruits (2015)

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of mechanical and enzymatic pretreatments on the extraction of anthocyanins and ellagitannins from blackberries. Continuous pressing yielded significantly higher turbidity values and content of anthocyanins and ellagitannins ( P &lt; 0.05) compared with discontinuous pressing. The use of enzymatic pretreatment also significantly increased the extraction of polyphenolic compounds ( P &lt; 0.05), in particular that of total ellagitannins, on average from 437 to 982 mg ellagic acid equivalents/100 g (dry basis) when using discontinuous pressing. When microfiltration was used, the content of ellagitannins and anthocyanins was found to be similar in both feed and permeate when discontinuous press was used to extract the juice, but a significant decrease of 34% (dry basis) was found in the concentration of ellagitannins when continuous pressing was used ( P &lt; 0.05). These results should be useful for future efforts to increase the extraction of polyphenolic compounds from fruits and vegetables. Practical Applications Blackberries have high contents of potentially bioactive polyphenolic compounds, mainly anthocyanins and ellagitannins. Therefore, processes must be optimized not only to obtain large amounts of juice from this fruit, but also to efficiently extract the compounds of interest. The methodology and results presented in this study should be beneficial for processors that aim to increase the recovery of potentially bioactive polyphenolic compounds from fruit using mechanical and enzymatic pretreatments. Furthermore, this study evaluated the potential of cross‐flow microfiltration as a viable operation for cold stabilization of blackberry juice, while obtaining acceptable permeate flux and membrane retention of the compounds of interest. It is envisioned that this technology could be used in the same manner to ensure the microbiological stability of polyphenolic‐enriched fruit juices and extracts.
Carbon-13 hyperfine splittings and geometry at the radical center in bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl radicals (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon-13 hyperfine splittings and geometry at the radical center in bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl radicalsAngelo Alberti, Maurizio Guerra, and Gian Franco PedulliCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 22, 6604–6606Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00412a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00412a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Impact of precipitation on the treatment of real ion-exchange brine using the H2-based membrane biofilm reactor (2011)

The H(2)-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) was used to remove nitrate and perchlorate from real ion-exchange brine at two different salinities (30- and 50-g/L NaCl). Base production from nitrate reduction to N(2) gas caused the pH to increase, and this exacerbated precipitation of calcium and magnesium carbonates onto the MBfR fibers. The precipitates lowered the H(2) flux to the biofilm and caused a deterioration of denitrification performance that could be reversed by mild citric-acid washing. The addition of acid seems to be the only mechanism to avoid serious precipitation, membrane fouling, and non-optimal pH for denitrification.
p38 MAP kinase regulates BMP-4-stimulated VEGF synthesis via p70 S6 kinase in osteoblasts (2003)

We previously reported that p70 S6 kinase takes part in bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4)-stimulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. Recently, we showed that BMP-4-induced osteocalcin synthesis is regulated by p44/p42 MAP kinase and p38 MAP kinase in these cells. In the present study, we investigated whether the MAP kinases are involved in the BMP-4-stimulated synthesis of VEGF in MC3T3-E1 cells. PD-98059 and U-0126, inhibitors of the upstream kinase of p44/p42 MAP kinase, failed to affect BMP-4-stimulated VEGF synthesis. SB-203580 and PD-169316, inhibitors of p38 MAP kinase, significantly reduced VEGF synthesis, whereas SB-202474, a negative control for p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, had little effect on VEGF synthesis. The BMP-4-stimulated phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase was not affected by rapamycin, an inhibitor of p70 S6 kinase. On the contrary, SB-203580 and PD-169316 reduced the BMP-4-stimulated phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase. In addition, anisomycin, an activator of p38 MAP kinase, phosphorylates p70 S6 kinase, and the phosphorylation was suppressed by SB-203580. LY-294002, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, failed to suppress the phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase induced by BMP-4. Not BMP-4 but anisomycin weakly induced the phosphorylation of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1. However, anisomycin had little effect on phosphorylation of either Akt or the mammalian target of rapamycin. Taken together, our results suggest that p38 MAP kinase functions in BMP-4-stimulated VEGF synthesis as a positive regulator at a point upstream from p70 S6 kinase in osteoblasts.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Manifold for the Morita Reaction: Diene Synthesis from Simple Aldehydes and Acrylates/Acrylonitrile Mediated by Phosphines. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: An Emerging Technology for Water Treatment. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Indemics (2014)

We describe the design and prototype implementation of Indemics (Interactive EpidemicSimulation)-a modeling environment utilizing high-performance computing technologies for supporting complex epidemic simulations. Indemics can support policy analysts and epidemiologists interested in planning and control of pandemics. Indemics goes beyond traditional epidemic simulations by providing a simple and powerful way to represent and analyze policy-based as well as individual-based <i>adaptive interventions</i>. Users can also stop the simulation at any point, assess the state of the simulated system, and add additional interventions. Indemics is available to end-users via a web-based interface. Detailed performance analysis shows that Indemics greatly enhances the capability and productivity of simulating complex intervention strategies with a marginal decrease in performance. We also demonstrate how Indemics was applied in some real case studies where complex interventions were implemented.
Système d'information Géographique Appliqué à la Sécurité Civile (1998)

International audience
Thermal wave dopant profiling for phosphorous ion implantation (2005)

Thermal wave (TW) thermal-probe is a common metrology tool to monitor implantation conditions. In most cases, TW signals have been used as a relative unit for ion implantation monitoring. Therefore, there is a requirement for a model to correlate the TW signal to ion implant parameters. In this study, a model is presented to address the issue of ion dopant profiling using the thermal wave technology. Study has been done on thermal wave signaling for Phosphorous ion implantation with different implant conditions (such as different implant energy from 70keV to 1800keV, different dose from 9x10<sup>13</sup>cm<sup>-2</sup> to 1.1x10<sup>14</sup>cm<sup>-2</sup>, different tilt angle from 2<sup>o</sup> to 7<sup>o</sup>, and different beam current from 0.04mA to 0.4mA) The result shows that 7<sup>o</sup> and 2<sup>o</sup> 320keV Phosphorous implants have similar implant profiles and TW signals as well. Therefore, TW signal is dependent on dopant profile instead of a function of implant angle, on the basis that same TW signals have the same SIMS profile. Then, the correlation between the TW signals and ion distribution has been studied. A model has been developed for thermal-wave depth profiling that provides expressions for ion range and concentration, where TW = K* Ai (x) ni (x) dx. The model is based on the concept of Thermal wave dampening due to lattice disorder by ion perturbation (Thermal wave is generated when the laser beam strikes the silicon substrate). Factor, Ai (x) is a function of ion range and ni is the ion concentration. The Ai (x) ni (x) dx, component of the TW model represents the dopant profile, while K (function of implant energy, beam current, dosage, and specie) is the damage factor that affects the magnitude of TW signal. In this paper, a simple method for dopant profiling has been demonstrated by using the model.
Angiotensinogen gene is expressed and differentially regulated in multiple tissues of the rat. (1986)

To define the role of local synthesis of angiotensinogen in tissue angiotensin production, we have quantitated angiotensinogen messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in 17 different tissues of four groups of rats: control rats, nephrectomized rats, rats given dexamethasone, ethynylestradiol, and triiodothyronine, and nephrectomized rats given dexamethasone, ethynylestradiol, and triiodothyronine. Angiotensinogen mRNA was identified in 12 tissues: liver, kidney, brain, spinal cord, aorta, mesentery, atria, lung, adrenal, large intestine, stomach, and spleen. Angiotensinogen mRNA was not identified in pituitary, ventricle, testis, small intestine, or pancreas. When expressed per gram tissue wet weight, angiotensinogen mRNA levels of extrahepatic tissues were less than 4% of hepatic levels. However, when expressed per milligram total RNA, angiotensinogen mRNA levels of brain, spinal cord, aorta, and mesentery were 26-42% of hepatic levels. Regulation of angiotensinogen mRNA levels was tissue specific. This demonstration of a widespread tissue distribution of angiotensinogen mRNA may indicate a similarly widespread distribution of local angiotensin systems that are independent of the circulating renin-angiotensin system.
Advanced practice nurse as outcomes manager. (1997)

Outcomes management as a patient management system has been designed to impact and improve select outcomes. Central to the development and implementation of best practice senario identified throughout outcomes management is the advanced practice nurse. SLEH has been in the forefront of development and implementation of an outcomes management program. This article describes the outcomes management position and shares the job description and performance evaluation used at this institution. The tools allow for measuring and quantifying the impact of the outcomes manager position on improving patient outcomes. The improvement of outcomes has increased the value of the advanced practice nurse and provided the institution with a solid future necessary for survival in a managed care market.
Some applications of the moving finite element method to fluid flow and related problems. [PWR; BWR] (1983)

The present paper is the third in a series on the evaluation of new tests designed to detect the disordered gambler. The present paper has two objectives. First, the observed variation in test performance between settings and populations is described in general terms and an explanation of the observed variation is presented in terms of what is referred to as spectrum effects. Second the expected variation in test performance between settings and populations is illustrated with several examples and the implications emphasized for the purpose of test evaluation.
Development of transforming function during transduction of proto-ras into Harvey sarcoma virus. (1994)

Oncogenic retroviruses are generated by transduction of the coding region of a protooncogene and acquire genetic changes during subsequent replication. Critical genetic events which occurred during and after transduction of rat proto-ras-1Ha into Harvey sarcoma virus were identified by evaluating the transforming activity of plausible synthetic progenitor proviruses encompassing the complete proto-ras genomic region with or without various 5' deletions. All progenitor proviruses induced phenotypic transformation of mouse NIH 3T3 cells, although with a 5- to 10-fold lower frequency than Harvey sarcoma provirus. Although no tumor formation was observed in vivo after inoculation in the absence of helper murine retrovirus, both wild-type and progenitor viruses inoculated in the presence of helper virus induced tumors in newborn BALB/c mice. No critical alterations of the p21ras coding region and no deletion of 5' genomic elements were detected in a progenitor virus encompassing the complete proto-ras genomic region that had been isolated from tumors. However, one progenitor virus that included all proto-ras exons induced tumors with a decreased latency. This virus contained a mutation in codon 12 (glycine to valine), which had apparently been selected during tumorigenesis in vivo. During the genesis of Harvey sarcoma virus, critical steps conferring transforming function are therefore transduction of coding proto-ras exons and enhancement of their transforming function by specific amino acid changes in p21ras.
Interaction and Aggregation of Charged Platelets in Electrolyte Solutions: A Coarse-Graining Approach (2014)

A coarse-graining approach has been developed to replace the effect of explicit ions with an effective pair potential between charged sites in anisotropic colloidal particles by optimizing a potential of mean force against the results of simulations of two such colloidal particles with all ions in a cell model. More specifically, effective pair potentials were obtained for charged platelets in electrolyte solutions by simulating two rotating parallel platelets with ions at the primitive model level, enclosed in a cylindrical cell. One-component bulk simulations of many platelets interacting via the effective pair potentials are in excellent agreement with the corresponding bulk simulations with all mobile charges present. The bulk simulations were mainly used to study the effects of platelet size, flexibility, and surface charge density on platelet aggregation in an aqueous 2:1 electrolyte, but systems in a 1:1 electrolyte were also investigated.
Chromosomal and plasmid locations for phosphoribulokinase genes in Alcaligenes eutrophus (1985)

Genes coding for phosphoribulokinase (PRK), a key enzyme of the Calvin cycle, were localized in the genome of the chemoautotroph Alcaligenes eutrophus. The NH2-terminal sequence of the PRK subunit was determined. With a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide probe complementary to a portion of this sequence, hybridization analysis revealed PRK genes to be located on both the chromosome and the megaplasmid pHG1 of A. eutrophus H16.
Improved Unequal-Clustering and Routing Protocol (2021)

We propose improved unequal-clustering and routing protocol (IUCR) protocol to solve both of these problems jointly. IUCR provide fixed area clustering derived from transmission range of network nodes. This clustering also develops strong network backbone that provides fail-over-proof routing. Efficient routing path is achieved by finding minimal hop-count with availability of alternate routing path.
MEANDERING VALLEYS AND UNDERFIT RIVERS (1913)

(1913). MEANDERING VALLEYS AND UNDERFIT RIVERS. Annals of the Association of American Geographers: Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 3-28.
Multichannel adaptive blind equalization with CRIMNO-MSE technique (2003)

A novel adaptive blind equalization algorithm for multichannel systems is presented. The cost function is an augmented version of CRIMNO, which also includes the mean square error (MSE) criterion between the outputs of the multichannel equalizers. It is shown that by forcing the outputs of the equalizers to be equal, as it should be during perfect equalization, the convergence of the CRIMNO-MSE technique is faster than that of the individual single-channel CRIMNO algorithms. Two additional hybrid schemes, which use a finite length memory window to form the MSE of the outputs of the equalizers, are developed. These schemes are called the CRIMNO-MSEM and the CMA-MSEM, where the final M denotes the memory length. Simulation results justify the performance of the new algorithms against single-channel CRIMNO algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
<title>Time-gated and lifetime imaging techniques for the detection of skin tumors</title> (1999)

Two time-domain fluorescence imaging techniques have been developed and tested for the detection of malignancies after administration of a marker having a fluorescence lifetime longer than that of the tissue natural fluorescence. The first technique, based on the time-gated approach, relies on the acquisition of fluorescence images after a suitable delay with respect to the excitation pulses in order to discriminate the long living exogenous fluorescence from the short living endogenous one. The second technique, called lifetime imaging, measures the spatial map of the fluorescence decay time of the sample, allowing an indirect detection of the regions where the concentration of the marker is higher. The first method is simpler, does not require any image processing, leading to a true real time video, but it works better when a rather strong signal comes from the sample. The second method requires two or more images to be acquired and processed sequentially; therefore, it is slower, but proved to be more sensitive in low signal conditions. The two techniques have been applied for the detection of skin tumors in humans after the topical application of (delta) -aminolevulinic acid ointment, which promotes the accumulation of the endogenous porphyrin Protoporphyrin IX preferentially in proliferative tissues. Preliminary results are encouraging.
A hybrid WDM/TDM PON architecture using wavelength selective switches (2010)

In this paper we propose some new hybrid WDM/TDM PON architectures that use wavelength selective switches at the remote node to improve flexibility, data security and power budget. We compare it with the existing WDM/TDM PONs in terms of cost and power budget.
Prognostic factors with high-dose melphalan for refractory multiple myeloma [see comments] (1988)

High doses of melphalan (HDM) and dexamethasone were administered to 43 patients with advanced multiple myeloma, 36 of whom were refractory to both standard melphalan-prednisone and vincristine-adriamycin- dexamethasone (VAD). Forty-four percent responded with greater than 75% reduction in calculated tumor mass, including three patients who achieved a complete remission. The response rate to HDM was 56% in 18 relapsing patients and 50% in 12 patients with less than 12 months of primary drug resistance, but it was only 23% among the remaining 13 unresponsive patients. A high early mortality rate of 30% was confined to 26 patients with either poor performance (Zubrod greater than 1) or impaired renal function (creatinine greater than 1.4 mg%). When this toxic treatment was given to the 21 patients with good performance (Zubrod less than 2) whose disease lacked high serum lactic dehydrogenase (less than or equal to 500 U/L) as a recently recognized feature of high-grade myeloma, a superior median survival of 18 months was obtained as opposed to only 3 months for the 22 remaining patients (P less than .001). Thus, when employed in a timely fashion, HDM overcomes resistance to standard chemotherapy and VAD and benefits selected patients with advanced myeloma.
Cinétique d'oxydation des oximes du benzaldéhyde et de l'acétophénone par l'ion thallique (1980)

The kinetics of oxidation of benzaldehyde and acetophenone oximes by Tl(III) in aqueous medium has been studied. The reaction occurs in two consecutive steps: formation of a nitroso intermediate and its decomposition. The oxime forms a complex with Tl(III) leading to the rate equation: −d[oxime]/dt = K 1 /k 2 [oxime][Tl(III)]/(1 + K 1 [Tl(III)]). The formation of the final carbonyl product is inhibited by Tl(III), a resuit of the formation of a complex resistant to decomposition. Coordination of Tl(III) by chloride ions affects the rate of the above two steps. The reaction mechanism is discussed. [Journal translation]
REPETITIVE, ELECTRON-BEAM DIODE DEVELOPMENT (1993)

We constructed a stacked-Blumlein pulse generator that can deliver pulses of nearly 200 kV to an electron beam diode load. This pulse generator has an output impedance of 100Ω and a pulse width of 80 ns. It can operate continuously at pulse repetition rates as high as 500 Hz. We discharged the pulse generator into two diodes. One had a 2.9 cm diameter sintered bronze cathode, and the other had a 4.0 cm diameter graphite cathode with points machined into it. The sintered bronze cathode turned on completely with a peak, macroscopic field of 100 kV/cm. The graphite cathode required a peak, macroscoplc field of 150 kV/cm in order to operate reproducibly. Nevertheless, only about 10% of the area of the graphite cathode emitted. The bronze cathode operated at 30 Hz, and it exhibited heat damage. Specifically, it melted in places. Conversely, the graphite cathode, operated at 50 Hz, exhibited little damage: principally, minor erosion around the perimeter.
The Hyogo-Ken Nanbu earthquake (the Great Hanshin Earthquake) of 17 January 1995 (1995)

This report describes the observations and preliminary assessments of the members of the Reconnaissance Team of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering which visited Kobe, Japan and the surrounding areas following the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake of 17 January 1995. The report covers aspects of the effects of the earthquake on the ground, lifelines, buildings, bridges and other structures, and the community. Lessons for New Zealand are discussed.