gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vibration Control of an Aero Pipeline System with Active Constraint Layer Damping Treatment (2019)

In this paper, vibration control of an aero pipeline system using active constrained layer damping treatment has been investigated in terms of the vibration and stress distribution. A three-dimensional finite element model of such a pipeline with active constrained layer damping (ACLD) patches is developed. The transfer of the driving force under harmonic voltage is analyzed based on the finite element model. The vibration control of the pipeline with active constrained layer damping treatment under different voltages is computed to analyze the influence of control parameters and structural parameters on the control effect. An experiment platform is developed to validate the above relations. Results show that the performance of the active constrained layer damping treatment is affected by the elastic modulus and thickness of the viscoelastic layer, control voltage and structure size. The performance increases significantly with the rising of the control voltage and cover area of ACLD patches among these parameters.
A Case of Sinobronchial Allergic Mycosis; Possibility of Basidiomycetous Fungi as a Causative Antigen (2011)

We herein report a case of sinobronchial allergic mycosis (SAM) caused by basidiomycetous (BM) fungi (probably Phanerochaete velutina). The patient with bronchial asthma that accompanied allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) fulfilled all 6 criteria for diagnosing SAM. In this case, the BM fungus may act as an allergen, reacting continually in both the upper and lower respiratory tract. The antifungal drug (itraconazole 50 mg/day) seemed to achieve a partial response. Basidiomycetous fungi may attract attention because of the possibility as a causative antigen in this new clinical concept of SAM.
Cell‐Free Translation of Messenger RNAs from Adult and Fetal Human Muscle (1981)

Using a procedure of ethanol precipitation in concentrated guanidine . HCl solutions followed by chloroform/isoamylic alcohol extraction and washing in 3 M sodium acetate, we isolated high-molecular-weight cellular RNA from human fetal and adult skeletal muscle. About 500 micrograms RNA were obtained/g of fetal muscle and 50 micrograms RNA/g of adult muscle. Both RNA preparations were efficiently translated in a cell-free reticulocyte lysate system and directed synthesis of various polypeptides, one of them of Mr 200,000 probably corresponding to myosin heavy chains. Dodecylsulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic pattern of polypeptides neosynthesized using either fetal or adult RNA exhibited several differences. Three neosynthesized cytosolic muscle enzymes were purified from the translation mixtures using a micro-method of immunoaffinity chromatography; specificity of the neosynthesized polypeptides purified according to this procedure was checked by immunological competition with the corresponding unlabeled pure muscle enzymes. Successful cell-free translation of RNA from adult skeletal muscle and purification of neosynthesized human enzymes are reported for the first time. These methods, indispensable for further studies on human adult muscle gene expression, could also shed light on the mechanism of some inherited molecular diseases and tumoral or dystrophic processes.
Strongyloides stercoralis: The First Rodent Model for Uncomplicated and Hyperinfective Strongyloidiasis, the Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) (1993)

Strongyloidiasis is the most common endemic helminthiasis in several of the world's industrialized nations, yet relatively little is known about its basic biology and immunobiology because a practical rodent model for the investigation of this clinically important parasitism is lacking. This study reports such a model for use in the investigation of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Normal male gerbils infected subcutaneously with 1000 infective filariform larvae harbored moderate numbers (83.6 +/- 27.6) of adult worms at 35 days after infection, and a low-grade infection persisted for at least 131 days mimicking the chronicity of human infections. Gerbils treated weekly with 2 mg of methylprednisolone acetate developed hyperinfective strongyloidiasis with up to 8000 autoinfective larvae occurring in these animals at postinfection day 21. Autoinfection never occurred in normal (untreated) gerbils.
Rigid-Rotor Equilibria of Nonneutral Plasmas (1975)

A cold, constant-density, cylindrical, nonneutral plasma column confined by a uniform axial magnetic field has equilibria characterized by rigid-rotation frequencies given by $\stackrel{\ifmmode \dot{}\else \.{}\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\theta}}=\frac{1}{2}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{c}[1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{(1\ensuremath{-}\frac{2{{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{p}}^{2}}{{{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{c}}^{2}})}^{\frac{1}{2}}]$. Measurements of these fast (+) and slow (-) equilibria are compared with a cold-fluid-theory model of nonneutral plasmas.
Effects of age and anesthetic on plasma glucose and insulin levels and insulin sensitivity in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar rats (2002)

We examined the effects of anesthetic, age, and strain on oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT, 1 g/kg body weight) and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT, 2 g/kg body weight) in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) and Wistar rats. Pentobarbital anesthesia caused an elevation in basal glucose and insulin levels in Wistar rats at 9 and 16 weeks of age and in SH rats at 9 weeks. Anesthesia increased the insulin output during an OGTT in both strains of rats while glucose was unchanged. Anesthesia reduced the insulin sensitivity index calculated from the OGTT but not from the IPGTT data. The age of the rats (9-11 vs. 16-18 weeks) had no effect on the basal glucose or insulin levels, but older Wistar rats had a greater insulin output following oral glucose and older SH rats had a greater insulin output following intraperitoneal glucose. On the basis of the insulin sensitivity index, SH rats were clearly more insulin resistant than age-matched Wistar rats. The SH rats also had higher basal insulin levels, as well as higher insulin output, following both glucose challenges. In summary, SH rats are more insulin resistant than Wistar rats, and anesthesia, which elevated basal glucose and insulin levels and increased the insulin output in response to a glucose challenge, may increase insulin resistance.
Idea generation in engineering design : application of a memory search perspective and some experimental studies (2006)

Emphasis on creativity and innovation differentiates product design from many other organizational tasks. Designers need to be creative on demand, since design projects involve several occasions where a design team faces the challenge of finding a novel solution for an identified design problem. Thus, the ability to solve design problems productively by means of divergent idea generation is a precondition for finding appropriate solutions. At the same time, procedures and methods for idea generation are often based on intuitive belief systems rather than empirically validated theory. The general aim of this thesis was to address this knowledge gap between theory and practice.\n\nA prerequisite for designing better procedures for idea generation is to achieve a basic understanding on how ideas actually come into being through conceiving the characteristics of the cognitive processes and structures that underlie this endeavor. The general approach taken here was to apply concepts and theories from psychology to the study of idea generation in the specialized discipline of engineering design. The research framework includes discussing psychological concepts, such as, creativity, memory search, and knowledge representation, along with describing an objective technique for assessing performance in terms of the number and variety of ideas produced during a session.\n\nA specific objective of the study was to demonstrate and explain how and why externally-imposed examples may affect performance in design idea generation. Example exposure is conceptually similar to idea exchange that takes place in group idea generation meetings, therefore this issue was found relevant for research and practice. Recent theory and empirical evidence propose that idea exposure may both stimulate and interfere with generative processes underlying idea generation. A series of experimental studies was performed to study the extent to which these effects influenced performance in design idea generation. Contrary to prior studies, examples were shown to have very little effect on total performance, after considering some structural and temporal patterns that emerge in design idea generation.\n\nThis study shows that idea generation is not a random process governed solely by an individual's personal trait, but a relatively structured process that can be explained in terms of memory cognition. A new model of the idea generation process is proposed here, formed from the perspective of internal memory search. The model conceptualizes idea generation as a repeated search process which includes three main phases: problem interpretation, memory search, and knowledge adaptation, as well as two decision gates.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloadditions Between Carbonyl Oxides and Dicarbonyl Compounds: Isolation and Characterization of Novel Polycyclic 1,2,4,6‐Tetroxepane Derivatives. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Utilization Of Autohydrolysis-Exploded Hardwood (Eucalyptus Regnans) And Sofiwood (Pinus Radiata) Sawdust For The Production Of Cellulolytic Enzymes And Fermentable Substrates (1987)

Softwood (Pinus radiata) and hardwood (Eucalyptus regnans) sawdust were pretreated by auto-hydrolysis at 200°C followed by explosive decompression. P. radiata pretreated pulps were poorly hydrolyzed by Trichoderma reesei C-30 cellulases compared to E. regnans pulps. Impregnation of P. radiata with 4.44% (w/w) SO2 followed by autohydrolysis explosion resulted in increased enzymic saccharification of the pulps. Sulfur dioxide treatment resulted in more of the hemicellulose components (heteroxylan and glucomannan) being removed during autohydrolysis than when P. radiata was pretreated by autohydrolysis alone. Trichoderma reesei C-30 cellulase digests containing 10% (w/v) of the pretreated pulps and 20 FPU units/g pulp resulted in cellulose-to-glucose conversion yields of 32% with E. regnans, 16% with P. radiata and 27% with SO2-treated P. radiata within 24 h at 50°C (pH 5.0) and could be increased to 74%, 27% and 48%, respectively, when the cellulase digests were supplemented with an exogenous β-glucosidase (Novozym 188). Cellulase, β-glucosidase and xylanase production by T. reesei C-30 grown in shake culture (25°C, pH 5.0) on 1% (w/v) of the pretreated pulps was highest when E. regnans and SO2-treated P. radiata were used as growth substrates, and enzyme yields compared with those when a purified α-cellulose (Solka floc) was used as growth substrate. Autohydrolysis-exploded P. radiata, however, proved to be a rather poor substrate for enzyme production. Typical FPU yields (as IU/g cellulose) were 53, P. radiata; 126, SO2-treated P. radiata; 136, Solka floc; and 165, E. regnans.
Rottura dell’anello aortico durante impianto transcatetere di valvola aortica: prevenzione e gestione della complicanza (2020)

Aortic annulus rupture is a dangerous complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation, with an overall incidence of around 1%. Ruptures can be distinguished into supra-annular, involving injuries of the sinus of Valsalva and the sinotubular junction, annular, involving the fibrous portion of the aortic annulus, and sub-annular, located in the left ventricular outflow tract below the aortic valve cusp insertion. Annular rupture can be "contained", which usually evolves in aortic hematoma or pseudoaneurysm and rarely requires emergent cardiac surgery; or "non-contained", acutely evolving in hemopericardium with cardiac tamponade, often requiring emergent cardiac surgery and with an in-hospital mortality of 75%. Balloon-expandable oversizing and severe left ventricular outflow tract calcifications, especially under the left coronary cusp, are the most important risk factors for annular rupture. A careful computed tomography scan-based procedural planning is of paramount importance to reduce the risk of this complication. The presence and extension of left ventricular outflow tract calcifications, together with precise measurement of the virtual basal ring, should drive the operator to the right choice of prosthesis type and size in order to prevent this terrible complication.
Combined Transfer of Human VEGF165 and HGF Genes Renders Potent Angiogenic Effect in Ischemic Skeletal Muscle (2012)

Increased interest in development of combined gene therapy emerges from results of recent clinical trials that indicate good safety yet unexpected low efficacy of "single-gene" administration. Multiple studies showed that vascular endothelial growth factor 165 aminoacid form (VEGF165) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) can be used for induction of angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium and skeletal muscle. Gene transfer system composed of a novel cytomegalovirus-based (CMV) plasmid vector and codon-optimized human VEGF165 and HGF genes combined with intramuscular low-voltage electroporation was developed and tested in vitro and in vivo. Studies in HEK293T cell culture, murine skeletal muscle explants and ELISA of tissue homogenates showed efficacy of constructed plasmids. Functional activity of angiogenic proteins secreted by HEK293T after transfection by induction of tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) culture. HUVEC cells were used for in vitro experiments to assay the putative signaling pathways to be responsible for combined administration effect one of which could be the ERK1/2 pathway. In vivo tests of VEGF165 and HGF genes co-transfer were conceived in mouse model of hind limb ischemia. Intramuscular administration of plasmid encoding either VEGF165 or HGF gene resulted in increased perfusion compared to empty vector administration. Mice injected with a mixture of two plasmids (VEGF165+HGF) showed significant increase in perfusion compared to single plasmid injection. These findings were supported by increased CD31+ capillary and SMA+ vessel density in animals that received combined VEGF165 and HGF gene therapy compared to single gene therapy. Results of the study suggest that co-transfer of VEGF and HGF genes renders a robust angiogenic effect in ischemic skeletal muscle and may present interest as a potential therapeutic combination for treatment of ischemic disorders.
The inflammatory aspects of Chlamydia pneumoniae-induced brain infection. (2009)

The importance of inflammation in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, is increasingly being recognized. Although amyloid-beta is considered to be one of the main initiators of these inflammatory processes, some reports suggest that brain infections may also contribute or even initiate the neuroinflammation. One of the best studied pathogens that might be involved in this phenomenon is the herpes simplex virus, but more recently the obligate intracellular respiratory Gram-negative bacterium, Chlamydia pneumoniae, has also been associated with Alzheimer's disease. The present article discusses recent data on the role of C. pneumoniae infection in neuroinflammation and its potential contribution to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Nonparametric Bayesian Policy Priors for Reinforcement Learning (2010)

We consider reinforcement learning in partially observable domains where the agent can query an expert for demonstrations. Our nonparametric Bayesian ap-proach combines model knowledge, inferred from expert information and inde-pendent exploration, with policy knowledge inferred from expert trajectories. We introduce priors that bias the agent towards models with both simple representa-tions and simple policies, resulting in improved policy and model learning. 1
Delaying Harvest Improves Bell Pepper Yield (1996)

Delaying or limiting the number of harvests could improve yield and reduce inputs in bell pepper ( Capsicum annuum var. annuum L.) production. Fruit were harvested in a variety of timing methods, which include three times over 14 days with the second and third harvests occurring 7 and 14 days after the first. Fruit from other plants were harvested once at either 7 or 14 days after the first harvest from plants that had several harvests. Fruit length was not affected by time of harvest. Number of marketable fruit, fruit width at the shoulder, endocarp thickness, and fruit volume were increased in fruit from plants harvested once. Marketable yields from plants with a single harvest were, on average, 1.5-fold higher than those from plants with several harvests. Delaying harvests improved fruit quality and quantity. Limiting number of harvests would reduce passes through the field and the associated costs, possibly improving net income.
X-Ray Photoelectron and Raman Spectroscopies, Comparative Studies of Supported Molybdenum Cobalt and Cobalt Molybdenum Catalysts (1978)

Abstract Laser Raman Spectroscopy is used to study catalysts : Co, Mo or Co-Mo supported on alumina. Well defined salts spectra are compared to those of these solids, which permits to establish superficial structures of cobalt, molybdenum or both. For molybdenum catalysts, we found two structures depending upon the concentration isolated MoO2- 4 molecular ions at low concentration < 4% polymolybdate phase at higher concentration For cobalt catalysts two structures are also observed: - tetrahedrally surrounded co 2+ ions at low concentration Co3O4 clusters at higher concentrations For cobalt-molybdenum (8%) catalysts three cases occur no effect is observable at very low concentration of cobalt (0.5%) a well defined compound appears for Co/Mo atomic ratio 0.25 when the cobalt concentration increases a third structure is observed but not identified All these results are compared to X Ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies and are in good agreement with them.
Clinic-based study of plexiform neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis 1 (2000)

Individuals with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) develop both benign and malignant tumors at an increased frequency. One of the most common benign tumors in NF1 is the plexiform neurofibroma. These tumors cause significant morbidity and mortality on account of their propensity to grow and affect adjacent normal tissues. To determine the clinical profile of plexiform neurofibromas in NF1, we conducted a retrospective review of 68 NF1 patients with plexiform neurofibroma. In our series, 44% of tumors were detected by 5 years of age and most were located in the trunk and extremities. Only two patients developed malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in their preexisting plexiform neurofibromas. Lastly, we demonstrate that there were no specific clinical features of NF1 associated with the presence of plexiform neurofibroma. These results underscore the importance of careful serial examinations in the evaluation of patients with NF1. Am. J. Med. Genet. 92:132–135, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Silencing Human Cancer: Identification and Uses of MicroRNAs (2010)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a new class of negative regulators that repress gene expression by pairing with their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). There are hundreds of miRNAs coded in the human genome and thousands of target mRNAs participating in a wide variety of physiological processes such as development and cell identity. It is therefore not surprising that several recent reports involved deregulated miRNAs in the complex mechanism of human carcinogenesis, and proposed them as new key regulators to correct the unbalanced expression of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes exhibited in cancer cells. This review summarises most of the recent patents related to the use of miRNA signatures in cancer diagnosis and prognosis, the detection and profiling of miRNAs from tumour samples and the identification of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes targeted by miRNAs, as well as new cancer therapies based on miRNA modulators.
Flammlose Oxidation als neues Verbrennungsverfahren für die Beheizung von Industrieöfen (1993)

Article Flammlose Oxidation als neues Verbrennungsverfahren für die Beheizung von Industrieöfen was published on March 1, 1993 in the journal HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials (volume 48, issue 2).
Polytopic ligand systems: synthesis and complexation properties of a ‘crowned’ phthalocyanine (1986)

The synthesis is described of a phthalocyanine that contains four 15-crown-5 rings; K+ ions induce dimerization of the phthalocyanine, whereas Li" and ButNH3+ ions do not.
Aspects of network harmonic impedance modelling in high voltage distribution networks (2013)

This paper evaluates the performance of five leading power system analysis softwares in terms of network harmonic impedance calculation for High Voltage distribution grids. Based on a set of systematic case studies the first part of the work presents a comparative analysis of the software packages in calculation of first resonance point. The different network element models and load models and their impact on the resonance parameters are discussed in detail. The second part of the research work assesses the sensitivity of the resonance parameters (impedance magnitude and frequency) depending on the change of certain network model parameters and compares the results amongst the different software packages. This gives an idea about the robustness of frequency and magnitude response at the resonance point and points out the most sensitive parameter in a HV network.
Total order broadcast and multicast algorithms (2004)

Total order broadcast and multicast (also called atomic broadcast/multicast) present an important problem in distributed systems, especially with respect to fault-tolerance. In short, the primitive ensures that messages sent to a set of processes are, in turn, delivered by all those processes in the same total order.