gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Visualization-Analytics-Interaction Workflow Framework for Exploratory and Explanatory Search on Geo-located Search Data Using the Meme Media Digital Dashboard (2015)

Modern geo-position system (GPS) enabled smart phones are generating an increasing volume of information about their users, including geo-located search, movement, and transaction data. While this kind of data is increasingly rich and offers many grand opportunities to identify patterns and predict behaviour of groups and individuals, it is not immediately obvious how to develop a framework for extracting plausible inferences from these data. In our case, we have access to a large volume (more than half a billion individual records) of real user data from the Point smart phone application, and we have developed a generic and layered system architecture to incrementally find aggregate items of interest within that data. "Interest" is based on the semantics of the data, so include time and space correlations, e.g., Are people searching for dinner and a movie, distributions of usage patterns and platforms, e.g., Geographic distribution of Android, Apple, and Black-Berry users, and clustering to identify interesting and relatively complex search and movement patterns, e.g., Consumer trajectories from key word searches. Our integration of visualization tools is thus guided top-down, by semantic concepts in the application domain, rather than by bottom-up tool development. Our presentation here is preliminary in that we provide sketches of case-studies that demonstrate an application specific integration of the three major components of modern visual analytics: visualization, analytics, and interaction (VAI). Our case-study sketches show how an interactive system for visual data exploration can be used to alternate between exploratory search -- looking for ideas and new hypothesis in data -- and explanatory search -- looking for evidence to support a hypothesis. While we have not yet formulated experiments to directly measure the cognitive efficacy of our experimental system, we believe that our semantically-driven VAI workflows and the integration of visual methods and interaction provides some useful ideas about how to extend current frameworks for visual analytics systems.
Construction of Stacked Opaline Films and Electrochemical Deposition of Ordered Macroporous Nickel (2002)

We present a stacking technique for making the stacked opaline films using the colloid multilayers as building blocks. The process of stacking was easily confirmed by monitoring the intensities and positions of Bragg diffraction peaks due to the ordered structures of the multilayers. The stacking of the same kind of multilayers led to the increased intensities of the peaks corresponding to the repeated cycles of stacking, while the stacking of the different kind of multilayers led to the overlapping of each diffraction peak. In the electrochemical deposition of nickel into the interstitial spaces of the opaline films thus obtained, we found the interesting current−time responses with the oscillatory behavior. The simple geometrical considerations of the ordered opaline structure could well explain that the periodic current oscillation was caused by the periodic changes of the electrodeposited area of the interstices. These electrochemical signals would be useful for the control of the positions and chemical compositions of deposited materials every layers and/or multilayers as building blocks.
Application perspective of Qujing incoherent scatter radar acting as a high power source at 500MHz (2016)

The Incoherent Scatter Radar is the most powerful tool to measure the ionosphere on the ground. Its high power output provides us a unique opportunity in some research fields more than the ionosphere sounding. The potential application perspective of the QJISR (25.6°N, 103.8°E), the first one in China, acting as the high power source is described including the bi- or multi-static receiving of signal scattered from the troposphere, ionosphere, space debris, meteoroid etc.
Study of a Binary Critical Mixture of 2,6‐Dimethyl Pyridine/Water: Measurements of Static and Dynamic Light Scattering and Specific Heat Near the Lower Critical Point (1987)

Abstract Static and dynamic light scattering experiments are reported for the system 2,6‐dimethyl pyridine/water to determine the critical amplitude ζ o of local concentration fluctuations and the critical amplitude Ω o of the characteristic frequency Ω D to scale ultrasound absorption data. It is found: ζ o = (2.7 ± 0.2) · 10 −8 cm and Ω o /π = 2.9 GHz. Measurements of the temperature dependence of specific heat capacity at constant pressure lead to a critical amplitude A = (0.183 ± 0.002) J g −1 K −1 . The two scale factor universality is tested by combining the values of ζ 0 and A as well as the values of ζ 0 and τ* 0 and B * ( B *: critical amplitude of the coexistence curve, τ* 0 critical amplitude of turbidity). The two ratios of the critical amplitudes calculated from the experimental data are higher by about 15% than the highest theoretical predicted value.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE ANNONACEAE. PART 9. INDOLOSESQUITERPENE AND APORPHINE E ALKALOIDS FROM GREENWAYODENDRON (POLYALTHIA) SUAVEOLENS STEM BARK. X‐RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF GREENWAYODENDRIN‐3‐ONE (1983)

Abstract Aus der Rindevon Greenwayodendron suaveolens werden die Alkaloide (I) und (II) vom Indoltyp, die Alkaloide (III) bis (V) vom Aporphintyp und das Triterpenpolycarpol (VI) isoliert.
Incompatibility groups of R plasmids in Escherichia coli isolated from animal waste. (1984)

Eighty-eight (49%) of 179 drug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from piggery waste carried conjugative R plasmids, of which 16 were thermo-sensitive, and so did 19 (27%) of 70 resistant strains from dairy farm waste, of which two were thermo-sensitive. Forty-nine conjugative R plasmids (37 from swine and 12 from bovine E. coli) were tested for incompatibility and fertility inhibition. Twenty-seven of them were classified into 11 incompatibility groups [Iα(7), H1(6), H2(3), FII(2), N(2), FIV(2), FI(1), B(1), K(1), P(1) and X(1)]. Those derived from swine samples were distributed in more different Inc groups (10 groups) than those from bovine samples (3 groups).
Xerographic Development of Residual Voltage Variations (1983)

Ideally, photoreceptor voltages are discharged to a low residual in background regions of the document being copied. However, large fluctuations of photoreceptor potential caused by charge nonuniformity, photoreceptor defects, or imperfect cleaning can be tolerated if the perturbations are spatially small. A linearized model of electroded development systems is used to develop a methodology to determine the relationship between the spatial frequency of photoreceptor voltage and developed mass. The results are used to derive a realistic specification on allowable photoreceptor fluctuations.
Significantly reduced inflammatory foreign-body-response to neuroimplants and improved recording performance in young compared to adult rats (2022)

Abstract The multicellular inflammatory encapsulation of implanted intracortical multielectrode arrays (MEA) is associated with severe deterioration of their field potentials’ (FP) recording performance, which thus limits the use of brain implants in basic research and clinical applications. Therefore, extensive efforts have been made to identify the conditions in which the inflammatory foreign body response (FBR) is alleviated, or to develop methods to mitigate the formation of the inflammatory barrier. Here, for the first time, we show that (1) in young rats (74±8 gr, 4 weeks old at the onset of the experiments), cortical tissue recovery following MEA implantation proceeds with ameliorated inflammatory scar as compared to adult rats (242 ±18 gr, 9 weeks old at the experimental onset); (2) in contrast to adult rats in which the Colony Stimulating factor 1 Receptor (CSF1R) antagonist chow eliminated ~95% of the cortical microglia but not microglia adhering to the implant surfaces, in young rats the microglia adhering to the implant were eliminated along with the parenchymal microglia population. The removal of microglia adhering to the implant surfaces was correlated with improved recording performance by in-house fabricated Perforated Polyimide MEA Platforms (PPMP). These results support the hypothesis that microglia adhering to the surface of the electrodes, rather than the multicellular inflammatory scar, is the major underlying mechanism that deteriorates implant recording performance, and that young rats provide an advantageous model to study months-long, multisite electrophysiology in freely behaving rats.
Complete Genome Sequence of Flagellimonas sp. Strain HMM57, Isolated from Sedimentary Layers of Crustose Coralline Algae (2022)

Here, we report the genome sequence of <i>Flagellimonas</i> sp. strain HMM57, which was isolated from sedimentary layers of crustose coralline algae in Jeju Island, South Korea. The genome is complete and consists of 4,159,450 bp, with a GC content of 38.5%, 3,616 predicted protein-coding sequences, and 70 RNA genes.
Awareness technology : Experiments with abstract representation (1997)

This paper repairs on experience in designing technology boor awareness. based on the AROMA project. The approach taken in AROMA is to extract essential data about activity at one site and find subtle methods of representing this information at some other site. The method of choice is abstraction: we abstract data from the situations and we use abstract representation of such data. More specifically we have been experimenting with a range of abstraction in order to find a proper balance between showing too much and too little: the representation should respect concerns for privacy and perceiving the representation should not require too much attention.
Effects of Ca2+ binding on the protease module of factor Xa and its interaction with factor Va. Evidence for two Gla-independent Ca(2+)-binding sites in factor Xa. (1993)

The assembly of macromolecular complexes containing factors Xa and Va on suitable phospholipid surfaces is crucial for rapid activation of prothrombin. We have used quantitative affinity chromatography to characterize the interaction between factor Va and intact factor Xa on the one hand and between factor Va and factor Xa lacking the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)-containing module on the other. The dissociation constants were found to be 1.0 +/- 0.1 and 9.5 +/- 1.8 microM, respectively. There was good agreement between these dissociation constants and the concentrations of active site-inhibited factor Xa and Gla-domainless factor Xa that caused half-maximal inhibition of prothrombin activation. To investigate whether the noncatalytic modules of factor Xa interacted directly with factor Va, intact modules were isolated from proteolytic digests of factor X and used as inhibitors of prothrombin activation. The inhibitory effect observed with the isolated Gla module in the absence of phospholipid was due to inhibition of the amidolytic activity of factor Xa rather than to an interaction with factor Va. The epidermal growth factor-like modules did not inhibit prothrombin activation. Using antibodies specific for calcium-dependent epitopes in the serine protease module of factor Xa we demonstrated that Ca2+ binding to the Gla module alters the conformation of the catalytic module. Half-maximal binding was observed at approximately 0.8 mM Ca2+. Evidence was also obtained for the presence of two Gla-independent Ca(2+)-binding sites in factor Xa. One of these sites, located in the NH2-terminal epidermal growth factor-like module, was half-saturated at approximately 60 microM Ca2+ in intact factor Xa and at approximately 1.2 mM Ca2+ in Gla-domainless factor Xa. This site appeared not to influence the conformation of the protease module. The second site, which was half-saturated at approximately 0.16 mM Ca2+, appeared to reside in the serine protease module and to alter its conformation as judged by binding of antibodies specific for calcium-dependent epitopes.
Carcinogenicity, DNA adduct formation and K-ras activation by 7H-dibenzo[c, g]carbazole in strain A/J mouse lung (1996)

N-Heterocyclic polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (NHA) are environmental pollutants formed during the combustion of organic materials. 7-H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (DBC) is a potent carcinogen in lung, liver and skin. We undertook these studies to determine whether tissue specificity for DBC lung carcinogenicity in the strain A/J mouse is mirrored by formation of DBC-DNA adducts in lung tissue and whether these adducts are consistent with mutation patterns in the K-ras gene. Strain A/J mice were given a single i.p. injection of DBC at doses of 0, 5, 10, 20 or 40 mg/kg and levels of DNA adducts in the lung were monitored by 32P-postlabeling on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21. The remaining animals were sacrificed 8 months after DBC treatment and lung tumor multiplicity and K-ras mutation patterns in the tumors were determined. The lung tumor response to DBC was dose related, with an average of 4.7 +/- 1.2 tumors/mouse at 5 mg/kg and 48.1 +/- 5.5 tumors/mouse at 40 mg/kg. As many as seven DBC-DNA adducts were observed in the lung. DNA binding levels in the lung were highest at 40 mg/kg, with maximum binding at 5-7 days. At lower dose levels the maximum binding to DNA decreased and shifted to earlier time points. The DBC-DNA adduct in the lung with the highest level of binding at all dose levels was DBC-DNA adduct 3. The majority of DBC-induced mutations in the K-ras gene in the lung were A-->T (80%) transversions in the third base of codon 61, a mutation that has not been previously observed in chemically induced lung tumors in strain A/J mice.
Multi-Dimensional Modeling of Turbulent Premixed Charge Combustion (1992)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Existing models of combustion for multi-dimensional engine flow calculations have problems that limit their usefulness for investigating combustion dependent engine design issues. An alternative model has been formulated that is applicable to premixed charge combustion in engines. The model is robust enough to treat combustion in the bulk and near wall flow regions, and includes a mechanism for flame quenching at the wall. Combustion is represented in terms of separate entrainment and burn-up processes, which is similar to the two zone models commonly used in engine cycle simulations.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Calculations have been performed of one-dimensional radial flame propagation in a cylindrical chamber, which is initially filled with a homogeneous fuel-air mixture. Deficiencies in existing combustion models have been demonstrated for this case. The performance of the new combustion model was assessed by studying flame propagation over a range of initial gas conditions typical of engines. The results show that the model gives a physically plausible representation of flame behaviour for all conditions considered. Good agreement is obtained with engine measurements of flame speed. Flame quench distances are within the range expected to occur in engines, as given by prior experimental studies presented in the literature.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Further calculations were performed of two-dimensional flame propagation in a pancake geometry combustion chamber. Tangential quenching at the head and piston surfaces gives the flame front a concave shape as it progresses towards the liner. Overall, the calculations demonstrate that the new model shows great potential for providing an accurate representation of turbulent combustion in practical engine geometries. This provides motivation for future development and validation of the model.&lt;/div&gt;
Influence of transmit beamforming parameters on image quality in quantitative elastography (2017)

A challenge in the clinical application of shear wave elastography is the level of measurement variance or noise compared to clinically significant changes in shear wave speed. For instance, liver fibrosis staging is challenged by the relatively high variance of shear wave velocity estimates in comparison to the modulus difference between early (F1-F3) fibrosis stages. Recent work has shown that ultrasound speckle can be a significant source of noise in shear wave elasticity imaging (SWEI) when small tracking windows and beam spacings are employed to achieve high spatial resolution. Single tracking location (STL) methods which use multiple or shaped push beams to generate shear waves of known wavelength, and which estimate the speed of these shear waves by timing their arrival at a single tracking location, appear to be nearly immune to speckle noise. Multiple tracking location (MTL) methods are more sensitive to speckle noise, but can allow for more rapid image formation. The objective of this study is to quantify the effects of transmit beamforming parameters on STL and MTL image noise. These data will provide guidance for selection of STL or MTL in a particular imaging situation.
Bi based alloy for high temperature leadfree die attach (2012)

ELV and RoHS continue to require lead-free solders replaced to Pb-rich solders. Bi based alloys are good candidates because the solidus lines are almost more than 250 centigrade degrees. However Bi based alloys have poor wettability on Cu and Ni electrodes and Bi alloys are very brittle in comparison with Pb rich alloys. In this study, it is found out that a small amount of Sn addition in Bi drastically improve the wettability on Cu and Ni electrodes as good as in the addition in pure Pb. On the other hands, the Sn addition in Bi also decreases in the solidus line to 139C. However the temperature to start to melt at the solder joints can be increased to more than 250C after die bonding because Sn is easily reacted with the electrodes on Si dies and Cu-leadframes. Void ratio of Bi-2wt.%Sn alloy is as good as Pb-3Sn-1Ag alloy, when the Si dies of 5.5×5.5mm in area with Ni/Au flush back metals attach on the leadframes with Cu, Ni and Ag plating. Any delamination and crack don't occur at the solder joints molded by epoxy resin after the joints dipped for 120sec at 250C, because the solder joints don't start to melt at less than 250C and relax the stress in the solder joints at high temperature. Strain-stress curves at Bi alloys very resemble to Pb-3Sn-1Ag alloy at the low strain range nevertheless Bi alloys are very brittle.
On the Energy-Efficiency of Byte-Addressable Non-Volatile Memory (2014)

Non-volatile memory (NVM) technology holds promise to replace SRAM and DRAM at various levels of the memory hierarchy. The interest in NVM is motivated by the difficulty faced in scaling DRAM beyond 22 nm and, long-term, lower cost per bit. While offering higher density and negligible static power (leakage and refresh), NVM suffers increased latency and energy per memory access. This paper develops energy and performance models of memory systems and applies them to understand the energy-efficiency of replacing or complementing DRAM with NVM. Our analysis focusses on the application of NVM in main memory. We demonstrate that NVM such as STT-RAM and RRAM is energy-efficient for memory sizes commonly employed in servers and high-end workstations, but PCM is not. Furthermore, the model is well suited to quickly evaluate the impact of changes to the model parameters, which may be achieved through optimization of the memory architecture, and to determine the key parameters that impact system-level energy and performance.
PODXL2 maintains cellular stemness and promotes breast cancer development through the Rac1/Akt pathway (2020)

The cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34) family, which includes CD34, podocalyxin-like protein 1 (PODXL), and PODXL2, are type-I transmembrane sialomucins and markers of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and vascular-associated tissues. CD34 family proteins are expressed by endothelial cells and hematopoietic precursors. PODXL is well known to be associated with invadopodia formation and to promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor migration and invasion. PODXL expression was correlated with poor survival of cancer patients. However, the role of PODXL2 in cancer has been less fully explored. To reveal the novel role of PODXL2 in breast cancer, the present study evaluated PODXL2 levels in relation to clinical outcomes of cancer patients by performing a bioinformatics analysis using the Oncomine database, Kaplan-Meier plots, and the CCLE database. Empirical validation of bioinformatics predictions was conducted utilizing the short hairpin (sh)-RNA silencing method for PODXL2 in the BT474 invasive ductal breast carcinoma cell line. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that PODXL2 overexpression was correlated with poor survival of breast cancer patients, suggesting an oncogenic role of PODXL2 in breast carcinoma. In a validation experiment, knockdown of PODXL2 in BT474 cells slightly influenced cell proliferation, suppressed migration, and inhibited expressions of downstream molecules, including Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), phosphorylated (p)-Akt (S473), and p-paxillin (Y31) proteins. In addition, knockdown of PODXL2 reduced expression levels of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, including Oct-4 and Nanog, and the breast CSC marker aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1). Collectively, our present study demonstrated that PODXL2 plays a crucial role in cancer development and could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in breast cancer patients.
Deglycosylation of Isoflavones in Isoflavone-Rich Soy Germ Flour by Aspergillus oryzae KACC 40247 (2013)

Aspergillus oryzae KACC 40247 was selected as an efficient daidzein-producing fungus from strains of the genus Aspergillus by using 5% (w/v) soy germ flour (SGF) as an isoflavone-glycoside-rich medium. The culture conditions, including SGF concentration, agitation speed, initial pH, temperature, and time, were optimized as follows: 7% (w/v) SGF, initial pH 6.0, 33 °C, 300 rpm, and 24 h in a 100 mL baffled flask. The determined amount of isoflavone aglycons in SGF using 50% ethyl acetate was the highest among the solvent systems tested and it was 3.7-fold higher than that using 70% methanol. Under the optimized conditions, the content and concentration of daidzein were 134 mg/g of SGF and 9.4 g/L, respectively, with a productivity of 391 ± 2.8 mg/L/h, and those of isoflavone aglycons were 165 mg/g of SGF and 11.5 g/L, respectively, with a productivity of 479 mg/L/h. Optimization of culture conditions increased the content, concentration, and productivity of isoflavone aglycons by 3.1-, 3.0-, and 3.7-fold, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the highest production of isoflavone aglycons reported to date.
Radioimmunoassay of LH and Estrogen During the Estrous Cycle of the Ewe (1970)

A radioimmunoassay for ovine LH is described in which the plasma values are lower than those reported in most other radioimmunoassay studies. Simultaneous measurements of estrogen and LH in the ovarian venous effluent of sheep were performed by radioimmunoassay. Levels of both hormones were elevated during the follicular phase. The first rise in estrogen levels was detected 1 day before the LH rise. The measurement of LH in the peripheral and ovarian venous blood collected from the same sheep at the same time (± 5 min) indicated no significant lowering of LH in the ovarian venous effluent when compared to jugular levels.