gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Comparative analysis of shell rendering and shear-warp rendering</title> (2002)

In Medical Imaging, shell rendering and shear-warp rendering are two of the most efficient and effective voxel-based techniques for volume visualization. This work presents a comparative analysis of shell rendering and shear-warp rendering in terms of storage, speed, and image quality. We have chosen 10 different objects of various sizes, shapes and topologies and one 1-GHz Pentium-III PC with 512 MB RAM for our experiments. Hard and fuzzy boundaries of up to 2,833 K voxels in size have been created to test both methods in surface and volume rendering, respectively. Hard surface shell rendering and surface shear-warp rendering required less than 0.5 second. In the worst case, volume shell rendering required 1.45 second, while volume shear-warp rendering spent 0.65 second for the same task. Shear-warp rendering uses on average from 3 to 6 times more memory space than shell rendering, but it can be up to 2.79 times faster than shell rendering. On average, shear-warp rendering is as fast as shell rendering for hard boundaries and 1.7 times faster than shell rendering for fuzzy boundaries. We have also observed that both can produce similar high-quality images.
ASIST: Annotation-free synthetic instance segmentation and tracking for microscope video analysis (2020)

Instance object segmentation and tracking provide comprehensive quantification of objects across microscope videos. The recent single-stage pixel-embedding based deep learning approach has shown its superior performance compared with "segment-then-associate" two-stage solutions. However, one major limitation of applying a supervised pixel-embedding based method to microscope videos is the resource-intensive manual labeling, which involves tracing hundreds of overlapped objects with their temporal associations across video frames. Inspired by the recent generative adversarial network (GAN) based annotation-free image segmentation, we propose a novel annotation-free synthetic instance segmentation and tracking (ASIST) algorithm for analyzing microscope videos of sub-cellular microvilli. The contributions of this paper are three-fold: (1) proposing a new annotation-free video analysis paradigm is proposed. (2) aggregating the embedding based instance segmentation and tracking with annotation-free synthetic learning as a holistic framework; and (3) to the best of our knowledge, this is first study to investigate microvilli instance segmentation and tracking using embedding based deep learning. From the experimental results, the proposed annotation-free method achieved superior performance compared with supervised learning.
MnOx dispersed on attapulgite derived Al-SBA-15: a promising catalyst for volatile organic compound combustion (2020)

To improve the catalytic activity when utilizing metal oxides for the combustion of VOCs, Mn/Al-SBA-15 catalysts have been successfully synthesized through an emerging wetness impregnation technique involving Mn(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> on Al-SBA-15, which has been directly prepared from attapulgite by a hydrothermal method. Compared to Mn/SBA-15, which is prepared with TEOS as its silicon source, all the as-prepared Mn/Al-SBA-15 catalysts demonstrated enhanced catalytic performance in the oxidation of toluene. From this research, the 8% Mn/Al-SBA-15 catalyst presented the best catalytic performance, due to the high efficiency resulting from the high chemical valence of Mn<sup>4+</sup>. When the concentration of toluene was 2000 ppm, and the space velocity was 60 000 mL (g h)<sup>-1</sup>, 8% Mn/Al-SBA-15 could effectively reduce the <i>T</i> <sub>50</sub> and <i>T</i> <sub>90</sub> values of toluene to 201 and 278 °C, respectively; while the 8% Mn/SBA-15 catalyst could reduce the <i>T</i> <sub>50</sub> and <i>T</i> <sub>90</sub> values of toluene to 223 and 298 °C, respectively. A systematic investigation has been conducted to reveal the synergistic effects of Al doping and manganese loading on the enhanced catalytic performance. The experiments showed impressive results, demonstrating that Al doping can not only increase the surface acidity of SBA-15, but it can also be beneficial for achieving a uniform dispersion of MnO <sub><i>x</i></sub> on the surface and in the pores of Al-SBA-15, resulting in the enhancement of the catalytic performance.
The effect of stage of Parkinson’s disease at the onset of levodopa therapy on development of motor complications (2002)

The aim of this study was to ascertain whether the stage of Parkinson's disease (PD) (according to the Hoehn and Yahr staging system) would affect the length of time between the introduction of levodopa therapy and appearance of levodopa-associated motor complications. Forty patients with clinically definite PD were studied. In all, clinical and therapeutic data were collected from the time of diagnosis to the time of levodopa-associated motor complications (i.e. dyskinesia, motor fluctuations). In 17 patients, levodopa could be started in Hoehn and Yahr stage I (H & Y-I; 16.2 months after the onset of PD), whilst in 13 patients levodopa could be started in H & Y-II (19.6 months after the onset of the disease) and in 10 in H & Y-III (45.1 months after the onset of PD). Cox proportional hazard regression model shows that the PD patients in whom the initial levodopa treatment was introduced at stage III develop both dyskinesias and motor fluctuations significantly earlier than the patients whose levodopa started in stage I and II of PD. The median interval to develop dyskinesias was 66, 72 and 24 months for patients in whom levodopa was introduced in stage I, II and III, respectively. These values were 64, 55 and 14 months for motor fluctuations. These findings add to the clinical arguments that favour an essential role of severity of PD at levodopa initiation as a risk factor for the development of levodopa-associated motor complications.
Multifrequency ultrasound transducers for conformal interstitial thermal therapy (2003)

Control over the pattern of thermal damage generated by interstitial ultrasound heating applicators can be enhanced by changing the ultrasound frequency during heating. The ability to change transmission frequency from a single transducer through the use of high impedance front layers was investigated in this study. The transmission spectrum of multifrequency transducers was calculated using the KLM equivalent circuit model and verified with experimental measurements on prototype transducers. The addition of a quarter-wavelength thick PZT (unpoled) front layer enabled the transmission of ultrasound at two discrete frequencies, 4.7 and 9.7 MHz, from a transducer with an original resonant frequency of 8.4 MHz. Three frequency transmission at 3.3, 8.4, and 10.8 MHz was possible for a transducer with a half-wavelength thick front layer. Calculations of the predicted thermal lesion size at each transmission frequency indicated that the depth of thermal lesion could be varied by a factor of 1.6 for the quarter-wavelength front layer. Heating experiments performed in excised liver tissue with a dual-frequency applicator confirmed this ability to control the shape of thermal lesions during heating to generate a desired geometry. Practical interstitial designs that enable the generation of shaped thermal lesions are feasible.
Orthogonal polynomials non‐linearity compensation for a digital VCO‐based ADC (2016)

An improved compensation method for an all‐standard‐cell voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO)‐based ADC is presented in this Letter. The proposed compensation uses closed‐form orthogonal polynomials bases instead of power series ones. With these more powerful bases, the cross interaction between different basis is eliminated which leads to better resolution, lower order of compensation series, and shorter convergence time of the adaptive algorithm.
Bleomycins: Mechanism of Polynucleotide Recognition and Oxidative Degradation (1994)

The bleomycins are a family of glycopeptide derived antibiotics originally isolated by Umezawa in 1966 from fermentation broths of Streptomyces verticillus (Umezawa et al., 1966). The naturally occurring bleomycins (BLMs) differ structurally primarily at the C-terminus (Figure 5.1) of the glycopeptide; commercial preparations of the drug contain BLM A2 and BLM B2 as the principal constituents. The clinical utility of this drug for the treatment of certain kinds of tumours (Blum et al., 1973) sparked tremendous interest in BLM; during the past two decades an enormous amount of effort has been spent to understand the chemistry, biochemistry and biology of bleomycin. It is now recognized that DNA serves as a target for bleomycin, which, in the presence of certain redox active metal ions and an oxygen source, oxidatively degrades the deoxyribose ring in DNA in a sequence-specific fashion. Initially, it was thought that BLM was a β-lactam type antibiotic (Takita et al., 1972). However, this structure was revised in 1978 (Takita et al., 1978b); the revised structure was confirmed by total synthesis in 1982 (Aoyagi et al., 1982; Takita et al., 1982).
Assessment of genetic variability, heritability and genetics advance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under normal and heat stress condition (2019)

One ninety diverse wheat genotypes were evaluated for genetic varaibilty, heritability and genetic advance under norrmal and heat stress environment at the Research Farm of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut U. P. (India). The genotypes were grown in simple augmented block design and data were collected on fifteen morpho-agronomic characters. Analysis of observed data showed that the mean squares due to treatments for all the traits in both the environment were highly significant. GCV and PCV were highest for canopy temperature depression, grain weight/spike, biological yield/plant, grain yield/plant, tiller number./plant and lowest for days to anthesis. Heritability (bs) estimates were high for canopy temperature depression (CTD), followed by biological yield/plant, grain weight/ spike, grain number. /spike, 1000- grain weight, grain yield/plant, tiller number./plant and lowest for days to heading and days to anthesis in case of both environments. The estimates of genetic advance (GA) were highest for canopy temperature depression followed by grain weight/spike, biological yield/plant, grain yield/spike, tiller number./plant, grain number./spike and lowest for days to heading and days to anthesis under both ( numberrmal and heat stress) environment. This study suggests that the presence of adequate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for these traits under norrmal and heat stress environment is suitable for breeding programs and crop improvement.
Angle of Repose (2016)

This Glossary of Terms Related to Pharmaceutics is needed by practitioners in the field of pharmaceutics as this field fulfills an important and crucial role, different from the roles of other scientific disciplines involved in the drugmaking process. The glossary contains 168 definitions used in pharmaceutics. These are related to various aspects of this discipline, such as: (1) physicochemical characterization of pharmaceutical preparations and the active ingredients they contain; (2) unit operations used in the practice of pharmaceutics; (3) terms related to the various dosage forms; (4) terms related to the various modes and routes of drug delivery; (5) terms used in pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics in general; and additional miscellaneous terms. The field of pharmaceutics itself is of a multidisciplinary nature as its practitioners come from a variety of disciplines, such as chemistry or various biological sciences, thus a glossary containing authoritative definitions would be useful for them. The terms used in pharmaceutics are rarely covered by existing glossaries, and in the cases they are, their definitions are often inappropriate for the field of pharmaceutics and require new or modified definitions to better fit the new context.
Data from Dual Role of Inactivating Lef1 Mutations in Epidermis: Tumor Promotion and Specification of Tumor Type (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The NH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; terminus of LEF1 is frequently mutated in human sebaceous tumors. To investigate how this contributes to cancer, we did two-stage chemical carcinogenesis on K14ΔNLef1 transgenic mice, which express NH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-terminally truncated Lef1 in the epidermal basal layer. Transgenic mice developed more tumors, more rapidly than littermate controls, even without exposure to tumor promoter. They developed sebaceous tumors, whereas controls developed squamous cell carcinomas. K14ΔNLef1 epidermis failed to up-regulate p53 and p21 proteins during tumorigenesis or in response to UV irradiation, and this correlated with impaired p14ARF induction. We propose that LEF1 NH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-terminal mutations play a dual role in skin cancer, specifying tumor type by inhibiting Wnt signaling and acting as a tumor promoter by preventing induction of p53. [Cancer Res 2007;67(7):2916–21]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Fabrication de structures tridimensionnelles de nanocomposites polymeres charges de nanotubes de carbone a simple paroi (2009)

Nanotubes de carbone -- Nanocomposites pour les applications mecaniques -- Nanocomposites pour les applications electriques -- Integration -- Techniques de fabrication -- Demarche, organisation et coherence des articles -- Preparation and mechanical characterization of laser ablated single-walled carbon-nanotubes/polyurethane nanocomposite microbeams -- Three-dimensional micro structured nanocomposite beams by microfluidic infiltration -- Ultravaiolet-assisted direct-write fabrication of carbon nanotube/polymer nacocomposite micro-coils.
Symposium-in-Print Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) and Its Derivatives Are Efficient Singlet Oxygen Quenchers and Potential Fungal Antioxidants (2000)

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine, 1) and its derivatives: pyridoxal (2), pyridoxal 5-phosphate (3) and pyridoxamine (4) are important natural compounds involved in numerous biological functions. Pyridoxine appears to play a role in the resistance of the filamentous fungus Cercospora nicotianae to its own abundantly produced strong photosensitizer of singlet molecular oxygen (1O2), cercosporin. We measured the rate constants (kq) for the quenching of 1O2 phosphorescence by 1-4 in D2O. The respective total (physical and chemical quenching) kq values are: 5.5 x 10(7) M-1 s-1 for 1; 7.5 x 10(7) M-1 s-1 for 2, 6.2 x 10(7) M-1 s-1 for 3 and 7.5 x 10(7) M-1 s-1 for 4, all measured at pD 6.2. The quenching efficacy increased up to five times in alkaline solutions and decreased approximately 10 times in ethanol. Significant contribution to total quenching by chemical reaction(s) is suggested by the degradation of all the vitamin derivatives by 1O2, which was observed as declining absorption of the pyridoxine moiety upon aerobic irradiation of RB used to photosensitize 1O2. This photodegradation was completely stopped by azide, a known physical quencher of 1O2. The pyridoxine moiety can also function as a redox quencher for excited cercosporin by forming the cercosporin radical anion, as observed by electron paramagnetic resonance. All B6 vitamers fluoresce upon UV excitation. Compounds 1 and 4 emit fluorescence at 400 nm, compound 2 at 450 nm and compound 3 at 550 nm. The fluorescence intensity of 3 increased approximately 10 times in organic solvents such as ethanol and 1,2-propanediol compared to aqueous solutions, suggesting that fluorescence may be used to image the distribution of 1-4 in Cercospora to understand better the interactions of pyridoxine and 1O2 in the living fungus.
Arch Bridge Seismic Response Analysis (2006)

An analysis of the seismic response characteristics and seismic performance of an arch concrete bridge is presented. Nonlinear analysis using a 3-D analytical model was carried out taking into account 18 modified ground motions. Linear analysis was applied to observe the dynamic response characteristics for the arch bridge after installation of dampers. Lastly, the damper location effect on the bridge seismic response was examined using a linear analysis.
Tuning the Electrochemical Performance of Titanium Carbide MXene by Controllable In Situ Anodic Oxidation (2019)

Abstract MXenes are a class of two‐dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides that have shown promise for high‐rate pseudocapacitive energy storage. However, the effects that irreversible oxidation have on the surface chemistry and electrochemical properties of MXenes are still not understood. Here we report on a controlled anodic oxidation method which improves the rate performance of titanium carbide MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x , T x refers to ‐F, =O, ‐Cl and ‐OH) electrodes in acidic electrolytes. The capacitance retention at 2000 mV s −1 (with respect to the lowest scan rate of 5 mV s −1 ) increases gradually from 38 % to 66 % by tuning the degree of anodic oxidation. At the same time, a loss in the redox behavior of Ti 3 C 2 T x is evident at high anodic potentials after oxidation. Several analysis methods are employed to reveal changes in the structure and surface chemistry while simultaneously introducing defects, without compromising electrochemically active sites, are key factors for improving the rate performance of Ti 3 C 2 T x . This study demonstrates improvement of the electrochemical performance of MXene electrodes by performing a controlled anodic oxidation.
Projection‐domain scatter correction for cone beam computed tomography using a residual convolutional neural network (2019)

The proposed deep learning-based method provides an effective tool for CBCT scatter correction and holds significant value for quantitative imaging and image-guided radiation therapy.
Modifying min-cut for hardware and software functional partitioning (2002)

The Kernighan/Lin heuristic, also known as min-cut, has been extended very successfully for circuit partitioning over several decades. Those extensions customized the heuristic and its associated data structure to rapidly compute the minimum-cut metric required during circuit partitioning thus, those extensions are not applicable to problems requiring other metrics. The author extends the heuristic for functional partitioning in a manner applicable to the codesign problem of hardware/software partitioning as well as to hardware/hardware partitioning. The extension customizes the heuristic and data structure to rapidly compute execution-time and communication metrics, crucial to hardware and software partitioning, and leads to near-linear time-complexity and excellent results. The experiments demonstrate extremely fast execution times (just a few seconds) with results matched only by the much slower simulated annealing heuristic, meaning that the extended Kernighan/Lin heuristic will likely prove hard to beat for hardware and software functional partitioning.
The Analysis of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Using Spectral Analysis and Digital Filtering (1971)

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia is the phenomenon by which respiration modulates heart rate in normal humans and in many animals. This investigation was divided into the following three categories: 1) the development of a mathematical model relating respiration to those variations that it causes in heart rate; 2) the use of digital filtering techniques to attenuate fluctuations in heart rate which are due to respiration; and 3) the development of methods that use only heart rate to get information about respiration.
The Barth Syndrome Registry: Distinguishing disease characteristics and growth data from a longitudinal study (2012)

Barth syndrome (BTHS); MIM accession # 302060) is a rare X-linked recessive cardioskeletal mitochondrial myopathy with features of cardiomyopathy, neutropenia, and growth abnormalities. The objectives of this study were to further elucidate the natural history, clinical disease presentation, and course, and describe growth characteristics for males with BTHS. Patients with a confirmed genetic diagnosis of BTHS are referred to the BTHS Registry through the Barth Syndrome Foundation, self-referral, or physician referral. This study is based on data obtained from 73 subjects alive at the time of enrollment that provided self-reported and/or medical record abstracted data. The mean age at diagnosis of BTHS was 4.04 ± 5.45 years. While the vast majority of subjects reported a history of cardiac dysfunction, nearly 6% denied any history of cardiomyopathy. Although most subjects had only mildly abnormal cardiac function by echocardiography reports, 70% were recognized as having cardiomyopathy in the first year of life and 12% have required cardiac transplantation. Of the 73 enrolled subjects, there have been five deaths. Growth curves were generated demonstrating a shift down for weight, length, and height versus the normative population with late catch up in height for a significant percentage of cases. This data also confirms a significant number of patients with low birth weight, complications in the newborn period, failure to thrive, neutropenia, developmental delay of motor milestones, and mild learning difficulties. However, it is apparent that the disease manifestations are variable, both over time for an individual patient and across the BTHS population.
Coping behaviour checklist for Chinese children: development and psychometric testing (2010)

The instrument can be used to identify the coping behaviour of Hong Kong Chinese children aged between 7 and 12 years. Knowing the coping behaviour of children in advance can help nurses to shape and design appropriate psychological interventions that can help children better cope with stressful medical procedures and hospitalization.
Preparation of cellulose-based biocompatible suspension of nano-sized /spl gamma/-Al/sub x/Fe/sub 2-x/O/sub 3/ (2005)

We have been able to synthesize /spl gamma/-Al/sub x/Fe/sub 2-x/O/sub 3/ (0.07/spl les/x/spl les/1) in the size range 5-30 nm by wet chemical method. X-ray diffraction patterns confirm that all the as prepared samples were mono crystalline except the one with x=1.0 which was amorphous. With Al/sup 3+/ substitution average size of the particles ranges between 5 and 30 nm. Al/sup 3+/ has a tendency to occupy the octahedral site of spinel structure reducing the net magnetization. This was confirmed from the Mo/spl uml/ssbauer spectra and magnetization measurement data. We could make suspension of /spl gamma/-Al/sub 0.07/Fe/sub 1.93/O/sub 3/ in cellulose dispersed water. This showed a good degree of biocompatibility with HeLa cells.