gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
State estimation of Active Distribution Networks: Comparison between WLS and iterated kalman-filter algorithm integrating PMUs (2012)

One of the challenging tasks related to the realtime control of Active Distribution Networks (ADNs) is represented by the development of fast (i.e. sub-second) state estimation (SE) processes. As known, the problem of SE of power networks links the measurements performed in the network with a set of non-linear equations representing the links between the network node voltage phasors (i.e. the system states) and measured quantities. The calculation of these voltages is accomplished by the solution of a minimization problem by using, for instance, Weighted Least Squares (WLS) or Kalman filter (KF) methods. The availability of phasor measurement units (PMUs), characterized by high accuracy and able to directly measure node voltage phasors, allows, in principle, a simplification of the SE problem. Within this framework, the paper has two aims. The first is to propose a procedure based on the use of the Iterated KF (IKF) aiming at making achievable, in a straightforward manner, the SE of ADNs integrating PMU measurements. The second goal is to present a sensitivity analysis of the performances of WLS vs IKF methods as a function of the measurements and process covariance matrices.
Effect of Static Disorder on Sensitivity of Coupled Resonator Optical Waveguide Gyroscopes (2014)

Coupled resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) have shown theoretical promise as microoptical integrated gyroscopes with sensitivities exceeding comparably sized MEMS gyroscopes. Here, we analyze the effect of static disorder on the rotational sensitivity of a CROW gyroscope. Since CROWs consist of a one-dimensional array of evanescently coupled ring-shaped microresonators, disorder includes random variations of the resonator optical path length and couplings between them resulting from manufacturing errors. We show that the rotational sensitivity of the CROW gyro is relatively stable with respect to variations in the interresonator coupling. By contrast, even modest fluctuations in the resonators' roundtrip optical path length result in substantially lower rotational sensitives. Finally, it is shown that while most random configurations of defects reduce the maximum sensitivity, there are particular configurations for which the rotation sensitivity is significantly higher than that of a CROW without disorder.
Microparticles Are a Major Determinant of Thrombin Generation Measured by Technothrombin®TGA. (2006)

Abstract We have recently shown that a thrombin generation assay using low concentrations of phospholipids (3,2 mM; 20% PS) can discriminate patients with an increased risk for recurrent venous thromboembolism after cessation of anticoagulant therapy from those with a lower risk (Hron et al JAMA 2006). Patients with peak thrombin of ≥400nM had a ~3-fold higher relative risk of recurrence than those with peak thrombin &lt;400nM. This difference was not explained by a larger proportion of patients with clotting factor abnormalities among those with high peak thrombin. We therefore investigated which other factors might influence peak thrombin generation. For this purpose 35 healthy male plasma donors were analyzed. Thrombin generation was measured in standard platelet poor plasma and in plasma made microparticle (MP) free by centrifugation for 120 minutes at 35,250 x g using low (3,2μM) and high (32μM ) phospholipids concentrations at the same tissue factor concentration (71,6 pM). For control purposes, peak thrombin was measured under similar conditions in 12 individuals each having either heterozygous FVLeiden mutation, being on vitamin K-antagonist therapy (VKA; mean INR=3.2) or having a lupus anticoagulant. In healthy plasma donors peak thrombin as generated by tissue factor and low phospholipids (RCL) in platelet poor plasma was 110±40 nM and increased to 306±99 nM in the presence of high phospholipids (RCH). When MP free plasma was used, however, peak thrombin dropped to 23±13 nM (RCL) and 109±43 nM thrombin (RCH), respectively. When MPs were re-added to MP-free plasma samples, a dose dependent increase in peak thrombin was found both for RCL and RCH reagents. At a MP concentration of 25,000 added per 1 ml MP free plasma, peak thrombin was 381±24 nM for RCL and 399±63 nM for RCH. The effects of MPs on peak thrombin using RCL were much more pronounced than the differences in peak thrombin seen between plasmas from individuals with FVLeiden, during anticoagulant therapy or with lupus anticoagulant as compared to controls (FVLeiden : 161±50 nM; VKA: 50±12 nM; lupus: 37±23 nM; controls: 110±40 nM). These results indicate that MPs contained in platelet poor plasma are a major determinant of peak thrombin in thrombin generation assays when low phospholipids are used and might cause increased peak thrombin levels found in patients with recurrent venous thromboembolism.
Thermal apparent-strain sensitivity of surface-adhered, fiber-optic strain gauges (1992)

We have derived, based on established practice in experimental mechanics, an equation for calculating the thermal apparent-strain sensitivity of phase-modulated, surfaceadhered, adhered, fiber-optic strain sensors. This formulation permits the thermal performance of fiber-optic strain gauges to be compared with conventional resistive gauges. This sensitivity for commonly used fiber-optic sensors is summarized.
The Effect of Purified Extract ofFagopyrum esculentum(Buckwheat) on Protein Kinases Involved in Signal Transduction Pathways (1996)

The effect of a purified extract of the flowering herb of Fagopyrum esculentum (buckwheat) on various protein kinases involved in signal transduction was examined. We observed that buckwheat contains red fluorescent compounds having photosensitizing properties. Spectrophotometric analysis of the extract has indicated structural similarity to hypericin. Dose- and light-dependent inhibition of various protein kinases was observed. The purified buckwheat extract strongly inhibited two receptor-associated protein tyrosine kinases (EGF-R and Ins-R) and a Ser/Thr kinase (PK-C) at an ng/ml concentration range. Selectivity was exhibited as a decreased sensitivity to cytosolic PTKs and protein kinase CK-2. The protein kinases are important components of the signal transduction pathway. Aberration of signal transduction is a hallmark of several proliferative diseases. Our results indicate that photosensitizing compounds in buckwheat are potential antiproliferative agents.
X-ray photoemission spectroscopy study of silicidation of Ti on BF2+-implanted polysilicon (2001)

Evaluation of fluorine-related species during Ti silicidation on BF2+-implanted polycrystalline silicon (polySi) under different temperatures has been studied using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The silicidation was carried out under sequential anneals from 500 to 700 °C with an interval of 50 °C in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) within the XPS chamber. The binding energy and peak intensity for Si 2p, Ti 2p, F 1s, O 1s, B 1s, and C 1s XPS peaks have been measured in the same XPS chamber immediately after the silicidation anneal without breaking the vacuum. The results show that fluorine from the BF2+ implantation is dissociated to form a mixture of SiFx (1⩽x⩽4) and TiFx (x=3,4) -like gaseous species at/near the TiSi2/polySi interface upon silicidation anneal. This can be characterized by the approximately 1.2 eV per Si–F bond chemical shift of the Si 2p core level, and the peak position for Ti 2p core levels with the resolved peaks at 465.1 eV corresponding to the Ti–F bond. The F 1s peaks further confirm the presence of SiFx and TiFx species. As the silicidation proceeds to higher temperatures, the intensity of these reaction species decreases due to their out-diffusion from the thin TiSi2 layer. These findings correlate well with the previously reported results on the void formation in sub-quarter-micron BF2+-implanted Ti-salicided polySi lines [H. N. Chua et al., J. Appl. Phys. 87, 8401 (2000)].
Fetal origins of the TEL-AML1 fusion gene in identical twins with leukemia (1998)

The TEL (ETV6)-AML1 (CBFA2) gene fusion is the most common reciprocal chromosomal rearrangement in childhood cancer occurring in approximately 25% of the most predominant subtype of leukemia- common acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The TEL-AML1 genomic sequence has been characterized in a pair of monozygotic twins diagnosed at ages 3 years, 6 months and 4 years, 10 months with common acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The twin leukemic DNA shared the same unique (or clonotypic) but nonconstitutive TEL-AML1 fusion sequence. The most plausible explanation for this finding is a single cell origin of the TEL-AML fusion in one fetus in utero, probably as a leukemia-initiating mutation, followed by intraplacental metastasis of clonal progeny to the other twin. Clonal identity is further supported by the finding that the leukemic cells in the two twins shared an identical rearranged IGH allele. These data have implications for the etiology and natural history of childhood leukemia.
The Effect of Critical Illness on Drug Distribution (2011)

The complexity of managing critically ill patients has increased since the early establishment of intensive care units in the 1950s. Despite of the fact that the number of drugs available to clinicians has increased, the understanding of the pharmacokinetics of individual drugs in specific disease states is still a matter of concern. Among the pharmacokinetic processes which may be affected in this patient population, drug distribution is a very important one. Changes in drug distribution may cause inadequate drug exposure at the infection site and consequently influence clinical outcome. Since drug distribution is dependent on a plethora of factors, including the physicochemical characteristics of the drug, we will focus on the most common mechanisms responsible for altered tissue distribution. These include changes in protein binding, fluid shifts, and pH changes. Although less common, alterations in organ perfusion may also play a role, particularly in heart failure patients. Despite great advances in understanding the distribution of antibacterial drugs, further studies are needed to define the consequences of changed drug distribution in critically ill patients on dosing regimens and clinical outcome.
Polybrominated Biphenyl (PBB) in the Growing Pig Diet (1978)

Twelve pigs which averaged 13.7 kg were randomly allotted from litters to a corn-soybean meal grower diet containing 0, 20, or 200 ppm of polybrominated biphenyls (PPB). During a 16-week growth trial, average daily gain (kg), average daily feed (kg) and feed/gain for pigs on diets containing 0, 20, or 200 ppm of PBB, respectively, were 0.82, 2.45, 2.99; 0.67, 1.88, 2.79; 0.45, 1.23, 2.70. Mean daily gain differences between all lots were highly significant (p &lt; 0.01). Blood from each pig was withdrawn biweekly through the first 8 weeks of the trial and at 4 week intervals thereafter. Hemoglobin and hematocrit differed significantly only at the 6 weeks bleeding, being reduced in pigs receiving 200 ppm of PBB. Erythrocyte reduced glutathione concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity were not significantly influenced by level of dietary PBB. Serum lactic dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher in control pigs than in either PBB supplemented lots at 16 weeks. There was no significant influence of PBB upon serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum alkaline phosphatase or serum creatine phosphokinase. Based on these enzyme assays, PBB produced no evidence of significant necrosis of liver, myocardium, or skeletal muscle. There was no consistent effect of dietary PBB upon total serum protein concentration or electrophoretic profile. Pigs on either level of PBB did not have overt clinical signs of toxicity during the 16-week test period with the exception of a dermatosis on the ventral surface of two of the pigs receiving 200 ppm of PBB. There was a marked increase in liver weight of pigs receiving either level of dietary PBB. Heart, kidney, and adrenals of pigs receiving either level of dietary PBB were heavier as a percent of body weight than that of control pigs. Fat retention of PBB and urinary and fecal PBB excretion were significantly affected by dietary PBB level. Grossly, the glandular portion of the stomach appeared somewhat hyperplastic in pigs on 200 ppm of PBB. Two pigs which had received 200 ppm of PBB were placed on the control diet and over the next 14 weeks normal growth rate occurred. One of these pigs was killed and organ weights were normal. The other pig, a gilt, came into estrus. She was bred and conceived. At the end of gestation, four pigs were born. Three survived and grew normally; the one death at birth examined at gross necropsy did not reveal changes in organ size or other tissue alterations.
Localization and characterization of mouse-human alignments within the human genome. Does evolutionary conservation suggest functional importance? (2003)

In an attempt to validate the use of evolutionary conservation as a method to identify putative regulatory elements, we have quantified the frequency of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) within the most tightly conserved regions across the entire Human Genome. Our results show that conserved non-coding sequences have a significantly lower SNP frequency than their exonic counterparts, which suggests that these regions are functionally important.
Immortalization of rat hepatocytes by fusion with hepatoma cells. II. Studies on the transport and synthesis of bile acids in hepatocytoma (HPCT) cells. (1994)

Hepatocytoma (HPCT) cells were screened for the uptake of bile acids, the organic anion bumetanide and phalloidin. In addition, the rate of bile acid synthesis and the ability to conjugate exogenously added free bile acids was investigated. The unconjugated bile acid cholate is transported via carrier-mediated uptake into HPCT cells of the clone 1E3. This transport is expressed less by HPCT clones 1F9 and 2E9. Cholate uptake is 40% sodium-dependent, temperature-sensitive, and reveals a km-value of 47 +/- 9 pmol/l and a Vmax-value of 94 +/- 29 pmol x min-1 x mg-1. However, all of the HPCT clones lack carrier-mediated uptake of glycocholate and taurocholate. The clones which possess cholate transport are sensitive to phalloidin and take up bumetanide. In higher cell passages cholate transport and the sensitivity to phalloidin are reduced. This process is not prevented by a selection procedure with HAT-medium, nor is it stimulated by nicotinamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, or sodium butyrate. The cells of the 1E3, 1F9 and 2E9 clones, but not Fao hepatoma cells synthesize bile acids endogenously even after 60 passages, and conjugate exogenously added cholate with taurine and glycine. These results indicate that liver-specific properties of freshly isolated hepatocytes which are lacking in the parental hepatoma cells are maintained in HPCT cells.
Implicit Jacobian for linearised state estimation in nonlinear systems (2005)

This article describes a method of implementation linearised approximations to nonlinear systems that does not require the direct derivation of Jacobian matrices. The approach is simpler to implement than current techniques used with extended Kalman filters and other linearised estimation and control algorithms.
Programmable Scanner for Laser Bathymetry (2015)

This article describes a programmable scanner for laser bathymetry. Present scanners use a fixed pattern scan. A programmable scanner however offers many advantages regarding system performance and utility in that the sounding pattern and spot density can be chosen by the operator and optimized for the specific charting mission.
Thermostable trypsin conjugates immobilized to biogenic magnetite show a high operational stability and remarkable reusability for protein digestion (2013)

In this work, magnetosomes produced by microorganisms were chosen as a suitable magnetic carrier for covalent immobilization of thermostable trypsin conjugates with an expected applicability for efficient and rapid digestion of proteins at elevated temperatures. First, a biogenic magnetite was isolated from Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense and its free surface was coated with the natural polysaccharide chitosan containing free amino and hydroxy groups. Prior to covalent immobilization, bovine trypsin was modified by conjugating with α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrin. Modified trypsin was bound to the magnetic carriers via amino groups using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide as coupling reagents. The magnetic biomaterial was characterized by magnetometric analysis and electron microscopy. With regard to their biochemical properties, the immobilized trypsin conjugates showed an increased resistance to elevated temperatures, eliminated autolysis, had an unchanged pH optimum and a significant storage stability and reusability. Considering these parameters, the presented enzymatic system exhibits properties that are superior to those of trypsin forms obtained by other frequently used approaches. The proteolytic performance was demonstrated during in-solution digestion of model proteins (horseradish peroxidase, bovine serum albumin and hen egg white lysozyme) followed by mass spectrometry. It is shown that both magnetic immobilization and chemical modification enhance the characteristics of trypsin making it a promising tool for protein digestion.
Reduced storage tree-structured vector quantization (1993)

Methods are presented for reducing the table storage required when encoding and decoding with tree-structured vector quantization (TSVQ). The latter is a technique that requires many fewer arithmetic operations than unstructured vector quantization but at least as much storage. The new methods for reducing storage integrate a secondary quantizer into the design of TSVQ, so as to produce a tree structure that can be efficiently stored. Two of the techniques make use of the hierarchical nature of TSVQ. It is shown that, at the expense of a decrease in signal-to-quantization-noise ratio of 0.3 dB or less, encoder storage can be reduced by a factor of about ten and decoder storage can be reduced by a factor of about five. Comparisons are made with the method of codebook sharing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Adjuvant radiotherapy for stage III/IV urothelial carcinoma of the upper tract. (2014)

Adjuvant RT may be beneficial in terms of locoregional and bladder control in patients with stage III/IV UTUC. Further prospective studied are needed to verify these findings.
MAC for Networks with Multipacket Reception Capability and Spatially Distributed Nodes (2008)

The physical layer of future wireless networks will be based on novel radio technologies such as UWB and MIMO. One of the important capabilities of such technologies is the ability to capture a few packets simultaneously. This capability has the potential to improve the performance of the MAC layer. However, we show that in networks with spatially distributed nodes, reusing backoff mechanisms originally designed for narrow-band systems (e.g. CSMA/CA) is inefficient. It is well known that when networks with spatially distributed nodes operate with such MAC protocols, the channel may be captured by nodes that are near the destination, leading to unfairness. We show that when the physical layer enables multipacket reception, the negative implications of reusing the legacy protocols include not only such unfairness but also a significant throughput reduction. We present alternative backoff mechanisms and evaluate their performance via Markovian analysis and simulation. We show that our alternative backoff mechanisms can improve both overall throughput and fairness.
FIELD ENHANCEMENT AND SIZE OF RADIO-FREQUENCY HOTSPOTS INDUCED BY MAXIMUM RATIO FIELD COMBINING IN FIFTH GENERATION NETWORK (2020)

The goal of this paper is to experimentally assess the field enhancement and hotspot size of radio frequency electromagnetic fields created by the Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) precoding scheme using lab measurements at 3.5, 5.5 and 11 GHz. MRC is an adaptive precoding scheme used by Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output systems, one of the enabling techniques of the fifth generation of telecommunications (5G). A virtual antenna array was used to compare MRC with two passive precoding schemes: the Random Phase Model (RPM) and the Centerline Beam Model (CBM). The field enhancement going from CBM to MRC was largest in obstructed line of sight (OLOS), ranging from 1.9 to 7.4 dB. The field enhancement going from RPM to MRC was about 9.5 dB across frequency bands in both line of sight (LOS) and OLOS. The hotspot size, quantified by the full width at half maximum (FWHM), ranged from 0.5 wavelengths to one wavelength.
Toxic metabolites of diazinon in sheep (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTToxic metabolites of diazinon in sheepNorman F. Janes, Antony F. Machin, Michael P. Quick, Heather Rogers, Dennis E. Mundy, and Alan J. CrossCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1973, 21, 1, 121–124Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60185a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60185a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Accidental Detection Index as a Fault Ordering Heuristic for Full-Scan Circuits (2007)

We investigate a new fault ordering heuristic for test generation in full-scan circuits. The heuristic is referred to as the accidental detection index. It associates a value ADI (f) with every circuit fault f. The heuristic estimates the number of faults that will be detected by a test generated for f. Fault ordering is done such that a fault with a higher accidental detection index appears earlier in the ordered fault set and targeted earlier during test generation. This order is effective for generating compact test sets, and for obtaining a test set with a steep fault coverage curve. Such a test set has several applications. We present experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the heuristic.
N-terminal pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptides’ Prognostic Utility Is Overestimated in Meta-analyses Using Study-specific Optimal Diagnostic Thresholds (2015)

Post hoc identification of study-specific prognostic biomarker thresholds artificially maximizes biomarker predictive power, resulting in an amplification or overestimation during meta-analysis of these results. This effect is accentuated in small studies.