gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toward Next-Generation Biohybrid Catalyst Design: Influence of Degree of Polymerization on Enzyme Activity (2020)

Due to their capacity to conduct complex organic transformations, enzymes find extensive use in medical and industrial settings. Unfortunately, enzymes are limited by their poor stability when exposed to harsh non-native conditions. While a host of methods have been developed to stabilize enzymes in non-native conditions, recent research into the synthesis of polymer-enzyme biohybrids using reversible deactivation radical polymerization approaches has demonstrated the potential of increased enzymatic activity in both native and non-native environments. In this manuscript, we utilize the enzyme lipase, as a model system, to explore the impact that modulation of grafted polymer molecular weight has on enzyme activity in both aqueous and organic media. We studied the properties of these hybrids using both solution-phase enzyme activity methods and coarse-grain modeling to assess the impact of polymer grafting density and grafted polymer molecular weight on enzyme activity to gain a deeper insight into this understudied property of the biohybrid system.
Comparison of Autologous Fat Transfer in Fresh, Refrigerated, and Frozen Specimens (2000)

The rising popularity of autologous fat transfer (AFT) has raised the questions whether cryopreserved adipocytes are a suitable substrate for soft-tissue augmentation, and which storage techniques may be most suitable for a maximally successful surgical result. An animal model of AFT was conceived using isogeneic Sprague-Dawley rats. Suction harvesting of fat and subcutaneous implantation was performed with specimens stored at -16 degrees C or 1 degrees C for a period of 1 or 2 weeks, as well as a group that underwent immediate implantation. A histological comparison of the experimental and control groups clearly demonstrated a decrease in viable adipocytes and an increase in signs of inflammation and fat cell necrosis in those animals that received stored fat instead of immediate fat implantation. These changes became more severe with increased length of storage and the use of refrigeration over freezing. The authors conclude that the practice of storing harvested adipocytes for later injection is not supported by the experimental evidence and should be avoided.
Ordered translocation of 987P fimbrial subunits through the outer membrane of Escherichia coli (1995)

The 987P fimbria of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is a heteropolymeric structure which consists essentially of a major FasA subunit and a minor subunit, the FasG adhesin. The latter harbors the binding moiety for receptor molecules on piglet intestinal epithelial cells. In this study, anti-FasF antibody probes were developed and used to demonstrate that the FasF protein represents a new minor fimbrial component. FasF was identified in highly purified fimbriae, and its sequence demonstrated significant levels of similarity with that of FasA. Immune electron microscopy localized both the FasG and FasF proteins at the fimbrial tip as well as at broken ends and at various intervals along the fimbrial length. The presence of these minor proteins in purified 987P fimbriae was corroborated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibitions. Finally, the use of nonfimbriated fasG, fasF, and fasA mutants indicated that subunit translocation through the outer membrane follows a specific order, FasG being the first, FasF being the second, and FasA being the third type of exported subunit. Since fimbriae are thought to grow from the base, FasG is proposed to be a tip adhesin and FasF is proposed to be a linker molecule between the adhesin and the fimbrial shaft. Moreover, export of FasG (or FasF) in the absence of FasF (or FasA) indicates that during the process of fimbrial biogenesis in the outer membrane, translocating events precede the initiation of subunit heteropolymerization.
<title>Multi-analyte array microdiffraction interferometry</title> (2002)

Interferometers have maximum linear sensitivity to small optical perturbations at the half intensity point defined by quadrature when the signal and reference waves are out of phase by ninety degrees. Under this conditions optical path changes down to a billionth-lambda can be detected. We describe the fabrication of interferometric microstructures on silicon all operating at quadrature, which can have sub- micron dimensions. These dimensions could enable, in principle, the fabrication of over a billion interferometer elements on a disk the size of a CD. In addition, a spinning disk of these elements could have the capacity for mega- samples per second sampling rate. As a step towards that goal, we fabricated a 3-inch silicon wafer with 1024 micro strips of gold, each 20 micro strips of gold, each 20 microns wide and 3 cm long arranged radially. The gold was evaporated to a thickness of 79.1 nm putting them at quadrature for read-out with a 632.8 nm He-Ne laser. Bovine Serium Albumin (BSA), was immobilized on the gold micro strips on half of the wafer which had been treated with Hexadecanethiol. The presence of immobilized BSA modified the lobe structure of the far-field diffraction from the micro strips, we are currently extending these static detection result to high-sampling rates on a spinning disk.
Natural Light‐Scattering Nanoparticles Enable Visible through Short‐Wave Infrared Color Modulation (2018)

Abstract Color is ubiquitous in nature; however, the ability to rapidly change color in response to environmental cues is unique to few biological systems. Cephalopods are one such system; they employ a sophisticated ensemble of optical organs that assist in adaptive coloration in different environments. While these animals have been a subject of research for decades, the photophysics underlying their color modulation is still not well understood. This is especially true in the context of their pigmentary chromatophore organs, which are considered one of the active elements of coloration. This paper describes diffuse and specular scattering originating in materials made from the nanoparticles that populate the chromatophore organs and shows for the first time how a film as few as two particle layers thick (≈1 µm) contributes to over 20% forward scattering in the visible, near‐infrared, and short‐wave infrared (SWIR) regions. The intensity of scattered light across this broad spectrum increases when films or fibers containing these nanoparticles are placed above a back‐reflecting material, suggesting a tunable feature that can be controlled under different conditions. This nano‐enhanced visible through SWIR scattering may lead to better spectral purity of reflected and back‐scattered light, illustrating an important role in color and future color‐changing materials.
Velocity Ambiguity Resolution Based on Look-up Table Method (2011)

According to Nyquist sampling theorem,to make sure the signal is not distorted,the sampling frequency is required to be at least twice of the max frequency of the signal.As for radar,the pulse repetition frequency(PRF) and the Doppler frequency of the target don't satisfy this theory most of the time,then velocity ambiguity occurs.It becomes an important task for radar to solve velocity ambiguity and estimate the target velocity.However,most methods are complex and has high computational load and low precision.A new look-up method is proposed in this paper.Comparing with other methods,this method is effective,realizable and has low computational load.Finally,simulation results confirm the validity of this method.
Satellite communications as a viable method for biometric record transfer in field biometric devices (2009)

The use of biometrics, and their associated handheld field devices, as an identification and verification technique is growing at a considerable rate. Governments and private organizations are making significant investments to identify and research new types of biometrics while pushing the industry to provide scanners capable of weathering field missions. In parallel, similar levels of investment are being made to build centralized databases that have the capability to query millions of records in a matter of seconds. While these investments push the biometric industry forward, lesser time has been invested into linking biometric scanners with a remote database. Commercially available scanners rely heavily on the evolution of the cellular industry or a satellite connected portable laptop to provide the necessary bandwidths required to transmit biometric records from the scanner to the remote database. This paper explores the use of satellite communications in handheld field sensors as a global communications link between biometric scanners and a remote database. The present work discusses and evaluates biometric type, file size, and satellite bandwidth for satellite communications on handheld field biometric devices. The paper concludes by identifying an emerging product, not yet commercially available, that integrates satellite technology into a product already capable of linking legacy wireless capable scanners with a remote database.
A multicentre, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of primary cryptococcal meningitis prophylaxis in HIV‐infected patients with severe immune deficiency (2004)

Fluconazole 400 mg once weekly for primary prophylaxis for cryptococcal meningitis in Thailand should be considered in HIV-infected patients, as our study suggested a survival benefit. However, a larger study should be conducted to confirm our findings.
Tejadaet al.Reply: (2010)

A Reply to the Comment by Lin He.
Let's Use Haptics! (2013)

The concept and the use of haptic devices need to be disseminated and they should become familiar among young people. At present haptics are used in many everyday tasks in different fields. &#x0D; Additionally, their use in interaction with virtual reality applications simulating real systems sense of touch will increase the usersâ?? realism and immersion and, consequently, they will contribute to improve the intrinsic knowledge to the simulationsâ?? goals.&#x0D; However, haptics are associated with expensive equipment and usually they offer several degrees of freedom. The objective of this work is to make their cost not much more expensive than a â??specialâ? mouse by offering a low cost solution with just one degree of freedom (1DOF) useful in many simple cases.&#x0D; Additionally, it is also an objective of this work the development of simple virtual reality systems requiring interactions only requiring one degree of freedom. &#x0D; A low cost, single-axis force-feedback haptic device of 1 degree of freedom has been developed. For evaluating the interest of this prototype a â??Spring Constantâ? application was built and used as a demonstrator. The complete system - the haptic interacting with the â??Spring Constantâ? - will be described in the present work.
Steel annealing furnace robust neural network model (2005)

AbstractAbstractIn this day and age, galvanised coated steel is an essential product in several key manufacturing sectors because of its anticorrosive properties. The increase in demand has led managers to improve the different phases in their production chains. Among the efforts needed to accomplish this task, process modelling can be identified as the one with the most powerful outputs in spite of its non-trivial development. In many fields, such as industrial modelling, multilayer feedforward neural networks are often proposed as universal function approximators. These supervised neural networks are commonly trained by the traditional, back-propagation learning format, which minimises the mean squared error (mse) of the training data. However, in the presence of corrupted or extremely deviated samples (outliers), this training scheme may produce incorrect models, and it is well known that industrial data sets frequently contain outliers. The process modelled is a steel coil annealing furnace in a galvanising line, which shares characteristics with most of the furnaces used in galvanised lines all over the world. This paper reports the effectiveness of robust learning algorithms compared to the classical mse-based learning algorithm for the modelling of a real industry process. From this model an adequate line velocity (the velocity set point) for a coil, depending on its characteristics and the furnace condition to receive this coil (temperature set points), can be obtained. With this set point generation model the operator could set strategies to manage the line, i.e. set the order of the coil to be treated or preview the line's speed conditions for the transitory situations.Keywords: ROBUST MODELLINGOUTLIERSROBUST LEARNING ALGORITHMANNEALING FURNACE
<title>Estimation of the optical properties of two-layered tissue simulating phantoms from spatially resolved frequency-domain reflectance</title> (1999)

Spatially resolved diffuse reflectance measurements of two-layer tissue simulating phantoms were performed in the frequency-domain. The measurements were fitted to a two-layer diffusion model of photon transport. The specific case of skin containing increasing amounts of exogenous absorber over homogeneous muscle tissue was simulated. The retrieved optical properties were compared with the known optical properties of the phantoms as well as with results obtained from Monte Carlo (M.C.) simulated data. It was found that in most cases, experimental factors that are yet to be accounted for rather than diffusion theory limitations determine the accuracy of retrieved optical properties. The absorption increase in the top layer could only be quantified for a layer thickness of 4mm. The errors in all other retrieved optical properties were in the 15-40% range with estimated uncertainties to the fitted parameter values being of similar magnitude.
Screen-Printed Glucose Sensors Modified with Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) for Cell Culture Monitoring (2020)

Glucose sensors are potentially useful tools for monitoring the glucose concentration in cell culture medium. Here, we present a new, low-cost, and reproducible sensor based on a cellulose-based material, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidized-cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). This novel biocompatible and inert nanomaterial is employed as a polymeric matrix to immobilize and stabilize glucose oxidase in the fabrication of a reproducible, operationally stable, highly selective, cost-effective, screen-printed glucose sensor. The sensors have a linear range of 0.1-2 mM (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.999) and a sensitivity of 5.7 ± 0.3 µA cm<sup>-2</sup>∙mM<sup>-1</sup>. The limit of detection is 0.004 mM, and the limit of quantification is 0.015 mM. The sensor maintains 92.3 % of the initial current response after 30 consecutive measurements in a 1 mM standard glucose solution, and has a shelf life of 1 month while maintaining high selectivity. We demonstrate the practical application of the sensor by monitoring the glucose consumption of a fibroblast cell culture over the course of several days.
TU-FG-209-03: Exploring the Maximum Count Rate Capabilities of Photon Counting Arrays Based On Polycrystalline Silicon (2016)

Purpose: Photon counting arrays (PCAs) offer several advantages over conventional, fluence-integrating x-ray imagers, such as improved contrast by means of energy windowing. For that reason, we are exploring the feasibility and performance of PCA pixel circuitry based on polycrystalline silicon. This material, unlike the crystalline silicon commonly used in photon counting detectors, lends itself toward the economic manufacture of radiation tolerant, monolithic large area (e.g., ∼43×43 cm2) devices. In this presentation, exploration of maximum count rate, a critical performance parameter for such devices, is reported. Methods: Count rate performance for a variety of pixel circuit designs was explored through detailed circuit simulations over a wide range of parameters (including pixel pitch and operating conditions) with the additional goal of preserving good energy resolution. The count rate simulations assume input events corresponding to a 72 kVp x-ray spectrum with 20 mm Al filtration interacting with a CZT detector at various input flux rates. Output count rates are determined at various photon energy threshold levels, and the percentage of counts lost (e.g., due to deadtime or pile-up) is calculated from the ratio of output to input counts. The energy resolution simulations involve thermal and flicker noise originating from each circuit element in a design. Results: Circuit designs compatible with pixel pitches ranging from 250 to 1000 µm that allow count rates over a megacount per second per pixel appear feasible. Such rates are expected to be suitable for radiographic and fluoroscopic imaging. Results for the analog front-end circuitry of the pixels show that acceptable energy resolution can also be achieved. Conclusion: PCAs created using polycrystalline silicon have the potential to offer monolithic large-area detectors with count rate performance comparable to those of crystalline silicon detectors. Further improvement through detailed circuit simulations and prototyping is expected. Partially supported by NIH grant R01-EB000558. This work was partially supported by NIH grant no. R01-EB000558.
Isolated Scleral Dehiscence After Repeated Intravitreal Aflibercept Injections (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Ophthalmology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Ophthalmology journal
A Double-Blind Crossover Trial Comparing Human Insulin (recombinant DNA) with Animal Insulins in the Treatment of Previously Insulin-treated Diabetic Patients (1982)

Ninety-four diabetic patients established on treatment with pork (N = 47) or beef insulin (N = 47) took part in a double-blind crossover trial in which 6-wk treatment periods of their animal insulin were compared with similar periods on human insulin (recombinant DNA). Six patients withdrew during the trial--in three cases for hypoglycemia while taking human insulin. In patients initially treated with beef insulin there was no significant change in the mean blood glucose, the 'M' index, the total daily insulin dose, or the frequency of hypoglycemic attacks after the change to human insulin. Home blood glucose sample values were greater before the morning and evening insulin injection on human insulin (morning: 12.8 mmol/L [beef] versus 14.2 mmol/L [human insulin] [P less than 0.05]; evening: 10.0 mmol/L versus 11.6 mmol/L [P = 0.05]). In pork insulin-treated patients greater values while on human insulin were found for mean glucose (9.0 mmol/L [pork] versus 9.7 mmol/L [human insulin], P = 0.05), 'M' index (65.0 [pork] versus 79.6 [human insulin], P less than 0.025), and total daily insulin dose (50.9 U/day [pork] versus 52.5 U/day [human insulin], P less than 0.001). The early morning glucose sample was also greater on human insulin (9.6 mmol/L [pork] versus 12.1 mmol/L [human insulin], P less than 0.001). No significant differences in either insulin antibody levels or E. coli protein antibody levels were found between either of the animal-insulin treatment periods and human insulin treatment periods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Differential and Dynamic Progression of Hepatic Inflammation and Immune Responses During Liver Fibrosis Induced by Schistosoma japonicum or Carbon Tetrachloride in Mice (2020)

Liver fibrosis can result from various causes and could progress to cirrhosis and cancer; however, there are no effective treatments due to that its molecular mechanism is unclear. liver fibrosis model made by <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> (<i>S. japonicum</i>) infection or Carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>) intraperitoneal injection is a conventional model used in liver fibrosis-related studies for mechanism or pharmaceutical research purposes. But the differences in the pathological progression, immune responses and the underlying mechanism between the two liver fibrosis model have not been carefully compared and characterized, which hinders us from correctly understanding and making better use of the two models. In the present study, the pathological changes to the liver, and the cytokines, inflammatory factors, macrophages, and lymphocytes subsets involved were analyzed in the liver fibrosis model of <i>S. japonicum</i> infection or CCl<sub>4</sub> intraperitoneal injection. Additionally, the pathological progression, immune responses and the underlying injury mechanism in these two models were compared and characterized. The results showed that the changing trend of interleukin-13 (IL-13), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), inflammatory factors, and M1, M2 macrophages, were consistent with the development trend of fibrosis regardless of whether liver fibrosis was caused by <i>S. japonicum</i> or CCl<sub>4</sub>. For lymphocyte subsets, the proportions of CD3<sup>+</sup> T cells and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells decreased gradually, while proportion of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells peaked at 6 weeks in mice infected with <i>S. japonicum</i> and at 12 weeks in mice injected with CCl<sub>4</sub>. With prolonged <i>S</i>. <i>japonicum</i> infection time, Th1 (CD4<sup>+</sup>IFN-γ<sup>+</sup>) immunity converted to Th2 (CD4<sup>+</sup>IL-4<sup>+</sup>)/Th17 (CD4<sup>+</sup>IL-17<sup>+</sup>) with weaker regulatory T cell (Treg) (CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup>FOXP3<sup>+</sup>) immunity. However, in liver fibrosis caused by CCl<sub>4</sub>, Th1 cells occupied the dominant position, while proportions of Th2, Th17, and Treg cells decreased gradually. In conclusion, liver fibrosis was a complex pathological process that was regulated by a series of cytokines and immune cells. The pathological progressions and immune responses to <i>S. japonicum</i> or CCl<sub>4</sub> induced liver fibrosis were different, possibly because of their different injury mechanisms. The appropriate animal model should be selected according to the needs of different experiments and the pathogenic factors of liver fibrosis in the study.