gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CARENA: a tool to capture and replay web navigation sessions (2006)

Web user behavior has widely changed over the last years. To perform precise and up-to-date Web user behavior characterization is important to carry out representative Web performance studies. In this sense, it is valuable to capture detailed information about the user's experience, which permits to perform a fine grain characterization. Two main types of tools are distinguishable: complex commercial software tools like workload generators and academic tools. The latter mainly concentrate on the development of windows applications which gather Web events (e.g., browser events) or tools modifying a part of the web browser rode. In this paper, we present CARENA, a client-side browser-embedded tool to capture and replay user navigation sessions. Like some commercial software packages our tool captures information about the user session, which can be used later to replay or mimic the gathered user navigation. Nevertheless, unlike these software packages, our tool emulates the original user think times since these times are important to obtain precise and reliable performance results. Among the main features of CARENA are: multiplatform, open source, lightweight, standards based, easily installable and usable, programmed in JavaScript and XUL.
Spherical primary telescope with aspheric correction at a small internal pupil (2000)

The aspheric plate at the center of curvature of a spherical primary is replaced by a small aspheric corrector at a minified pupil located inside a reimaging camera. The correctors are identical for each reimaging camera because the spherical aberration of the primary sphere is identical and symmetrical for all field positions. The magnitude of the field aberrations is evaluated over a range of primary focal ratios and minified pupil diameters. The major term is the increased field angle through the minified aspheric corrector. The field and chromatic aberrations in such a camera are compared with the equivalent full-aperture Schmidt corrector. Field-of-view partitioning enables each subfield to be designed for specific observational requirements, such as multiple-fiber spectrography or CCD imaging. Field partitioning is shown to be a powerful means for the replacement of the large aspheric corrector of a Schmidt telescope by a multiplicity of small reimaging subsystems. The cost to fill the typical wide field of a Schmidt telescope with reimaging modules is approximately 1% the cost of a Schmidt aspheric plate.
The complete sequence of Drosophila beta-spectrin reveals supra-motifs comprising eight 106-residue segments. (1992)

The alpha and beta chains of spectrin are homologous, yet they have acquired different structural features that work in synergy to give the multimer its overall properties. The primary amino acid sequence of each spectrin subunit is dominated by tandemly repeated 106-residue motifs. By comparing the complete Drosophila beta-spectrin sequence with other spectrins we have discovered evidence that a higher-order, 848-amino acid supra-motif is tandemly repeated in both alpha- and beta-spectrin. These data argue that alpha- and beta-spectrin, rather than evolving independently from sequences encoding the ancestral 106-residue motifs, must have arisen after the establishment of a large supra-motif composed of eight of the 106-residue motifs. Our data suggest the segment structure of a progenitor gene that gave rise to both alpha- and beta-spectrin as well as dystrophin. The structural differences that evolved after the split between the alpha- and beta-spectrin genes confer the independent functions that exist in their products today.
Florid Reactive Periostitis of the Clavicle: A Case Report (2022)

Florid reactive periostitis (FRP) is a rare benign fibro-osseous proliferation, occurring mostly in the short tubular bones of hands and rarely in the long tubular bones. We report a surgically confirmed case of FRP involving the clavicle in a 26-year-old male. On MRI scans, a soft tissue mass with T2 high signal intensity was found that originated from the periosteum of the clavicle and included surrounding a periosteal elevation and perilesional soft tissue edema. Strong contrast enhancement was noted inside the mass and along the periosteum involving more than half of the circumference of the clavicle. Serial radiographs revealed a soft tissue mass without mineralization that turned into an ossified mass with a solid periosteal reaction within a month.
Structural Characterization of Murine Ia Alloantigens (1978)

Abstract The murine Ia alloantigens encoded by the I-A and I-E/C subregions were examined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and microsequence analysis. By sensitive double label experiments (14C and 3H), the alpha (α) and beta (β) polypeptides of the A and E/C subregions were analyzed for molecular weight (mw) variation. The α and β chains of the A subregion (k, b, and d haplotypes) electrophoresed at 34,000 and 26,000 daltons, respectively. Haplotype associated differences in mw were detected for the E/C subregion products — k and r haplotype subunit mw were 34,000 (α) and 28,000 (β) daltons, whereas the α and β chains of p and d haplotypes were 31,000 and 29,000 daltons, respectively. The α and β chains of both the A and E/C antigens do not exist on the cell surface as disulfide bonded α plus β forms. However, the α and β polypeptides of the A subregion do tend to form α-β disulfide bonded dimers (mw 65,000 daltons) during conventional detergent lysis; this can be prevented by the addition of iodoacetamide to the lysis buffer.
Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics Following Fluid Resuscitation From Traumatic Shock (1995)

For at least 5 days after trauma, clearance and steady-state volume of aztreonam and vancomycin are altered. These changes suggest that the interval and magnitude of dosing should be adjusted, relative to the standard recommended dosages of each antibiotic, to maximize their efficacy. Similar studies should be done for other antibiotics.
Antisera Specific for Human Amyloid Reactive with Conformational Antigens (1972)

Antisera reactive specifically with DAM (degraded amyloid) and amyloid and unreactive with any serum proteins appear to be directed to conformational antigenic determinants since they no longer react with DAM after complete reduction and alkylation.
Anthralin, a Non-TPA Type Tumor Promoter, Synergistically Enhances Phorbol Ester-Caused Prostaglandin E2 Release from Primary Cultured Mouse Epidermal Cells (1992)

Primary cultures of mouse epidermal cells (i.e., target cells of skin tumor promotion) stimulated by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) released prostaglandin E2 within 30 min. Anthralin, a non-TPA type tumor promoter, also stimulated PGE2 release; however, no release was detectable at least up to 4 hr after the addition of anthralin. When the cells were incubated with TP A plus anthralin, both PGE2 and arachidonic acid release were synergistically enhanced. Other non-TPA type tumor promoters, i.e., chrysarobin, 7-bromomethylbenz[a]anthracene, benzoylperoxide, okadaic acid and palytoxin, did not potentiate the TPA-caused PGE2 release. In protein kinase C-down regulated cells, the synergistic stimulation of PGE2 and arachidonic acid release by TPA plus anthralin were not detected. Anthralin plus TPA did not alter the incorporation of arachidonic acid into cellular phospholipids. Cellular cyclooxygenase activity was increased 2 hr after TPA stimulation. Anthralin-caused increase in cyclooxygenase activity was detected at 6 hr after the addition of anthralin. Cyclooxygenase activity was synergistically increased by treating the cells with TPA plus anthralin. Cycloheximide and actinomycin D inhibited the increase in cyclooxygenase activity caused by anthralin or TPA plus anthralin. These results indicate that anthralin synergistically stimulates TPA-caused PGE2 release by synergistically increasing arachidonic acid release and cellular cyclooxygenase activity.
Dynasore Disrupts Trafficking of Herpes Simplex Virus Proteins (2015)

HSV infections remain a global health problem associated with significant morbidity, particularly in neonates and immunocompromised hosts, highlighting the need for novel approaches to treatment and prevention. The current studies indicate that dynamin plays a role in multiple steps in the viral life cycle and provides a new target for antiviral therapy. Dynasore, a small-molecule inhibitor of dynamin, has pleiotropic effects on HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection and impedes viral entry, trafficking of viral proteins, and capsid formation.
The breakdown and glow phases during the initiation of discharges for lamps (1997)

High intensity discharge (HID) lamps are often initiated by the application of one or more short, high-voltage, breakdown pulses superimposed on a 50 or 60 Hz generator voltage. A successful transition from the breakdown event to steady-state operating conditions in HID lamps requires that the lamp-circuit system be adequate to sustain the plasma created during breakdown until the electrodes are heated to thermionic temperatures. In this article, we use a one-dimensional (in the axial direction) transient discharge model to study the conditions needed to sustain the cold-cathode discharge after a breakdown event has occurred. While the application of our one-dimensional model to real lamps is approximate, we find that the model predictions are consistent with experimental results in HID lamps, a few of which are presented here. The main conclusion from this work is that, after breakdown, the voltage necessary to sustain a glow discharge is dependent on the source impedance, the gas composition, and on the plasma density created by the breakdown event.
Numerical modelling of fluid flow in microscopic images of granular materials (2001)

Abstract A program for the simulation of two‐dimensional (2‐D) fluid flow at the microstructural level of a saturated anisotropic granular medium is presented. The program provides a numerical solution to the complete set of Navier–Stokes equations without a priori assumptions on the viscous or convection components. This is especially suited for the simulation of the flow of fluids with different density and viscosity values and for a wide range of granular material porosity. The analytical solution for fluid flow in a simple microstructure of porous medium is used to verify the computer program. Subsequently, the flow field is computed within microscopic images of granular material that differ in porosity, particle size and particle shape. The computed flow fields are shown to follow certain paths depending on air void size and connectivity. The permeability tensor coefficients are derived from the flow fields, and their values are shown to compare well with laboratory experimental data on glass beads, Ottawa sand and silica sands. The directional distribution of permeability is expressed in a functional form and its anisotropy is quantified. Permeability anisotropy is found to be more pronounced in the silica sand medium that consists of elongated particles. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Soil moisture forecasting for irrigation recommendation (2019)

This study integrates measured soil moisture sensor data, a remotely sensed crop vegetation index, and weather data to train models, in order to predict future soil moisture. The study was carried out on a cotton farm, with wireless soil moisture monitoring equipment deployed across five plots. Lasso, Decision Tree, Random Forest and Support Vector Machine modeling methods were trialled. Random Forest models gave consistently good results (mean 7-day prediction error from 8.0 to 16.9 kPA except in one plot with malfunctioning sensors). Linear regression with two of the most important predictor variables was not as accurate, but allowed extraction of an interpretable model. The system was implemented in Google Cloud Platform and a model was trained continuously through the season. An online irrigation dashboard was created showing previous and forecast soil moisture conditions, along with weather and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). This was used to guide operators in advance of irrigation water needs. The methodology developed in this study could be used as part of a closed-loop sensing and irrigation automation system.
Fundus autofluorescence in age-related macular disease imaged with a laser scanning ophthalmoscope. (1997)

The spatial distribution of background fundus autofluorescence and the correlation of autofluorescence with age in normal subjects imply that autofluorescence is derived from lipofuscin at the level of the RPE. Focal accumulation of autofluorescent material occurs at the level of the RPE in patients with drusen, but the drusen do not show marked increases in autofluorescence. It is likely that melanolipofuscin accounts for the high levels of autofluorescence, corresponding to linear pigmentation at the level of the RPE. Low-intensity autofluorescence occurs in the presence of retinal photoreceptor loss, and variable levels over disciform lesions probably relate to variations in metabolic activity of the RPE.
ChemInform Abstract: Amination of Aryl‐ and Vinylacetylenic Compounds Catalyzed by Rhodium(I) Complexes. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Integrated Microfluidic Device for Serum Biomarker Quantitation Using Either Standard Addition or a Calibration Curve (2009)

Detection and accurate quantitation of biomarkers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) can be a key aspect of early stage cancer diagnosis. Microfluidic devices provide attractive analysis capabilities, including low sample and reagent consumption, as well as short assay times. However, to date microfluidic analyzers have relied almost exclusively on calibration curves for sample quantitation, which can be problematic for complex mixtures such as human serum. We have fabricated integrated polymer microfluidic systems that can quantitatively determine fluorescently labeled AFP in human serum using either the method of standard addition or a calibration curve. Our microdevices couple an immunoaffinity purification step with rapid microchip electrophoresis separation in a laser-induced fluorescence detection system, all under automated voltage control in a miniaturized polymer microchip. In conjunction with laser-induced fluorescence detection, these systems can quantify AFP at approximately 1 ng/mL levels in approximately 10 microL of human serum in a few tens of minutes. Our polymer microdevices have been applied in determining AFP in spiked serum samples. These integrated microsystems offer excellent potential for rapid, simple, and accurate biomarker quantitation in a point-of-care setting.
Management of osteoarthritic knee pain. (2005)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common forms of arthritis seen in primary care practice. The pain associated with this condition is the chief complaint of most patients, prompting them to seek medical attention. Pain can originate from the synovial membrane, joint capsule, periarticular muscles and ligaments, and periosteum and subchondral bone, among other sources. Osteoarthritis is traditionally thought of as a noninflammatory type of arthritis; however, inflammatory mechanisms can be present. Therefore, the management of osteoarthritic pain involves nonpharmacologic modes of therapy as well as pharmacologic agents. Nonpharmacologic therapeutic modalities include osteopathic manipulative treatment, physical therapy, exercise, use of assistive devices, and weight reduction. Pharmacologic options, categorized as topical, intra-articular, or oral, include acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and cyclooxygenase type 2 inhibitors. Patients often benefit from use of a combination of these therapeutic modalities. Although pain relief is a chief motivator for patients with OA to seek medical attention, a secondary benefit of successful treatment is to delay the decreased quality of life associated with osteoarthritic pain.
Femtosecond direct-written integrated mode couplers (2014)

We report the design and fabrication of three-dimensional integrated mode couplers operating in the C-band. These mode-selective couplers were inscribed into a boro-aluminosilicate photonic chip using the femtosecond laser direct-write technique. Horizontally and vertically written two-core couplers are shown to allow for the multiplexing of the LP11a and LP11b spatial modes of an optical fiber, respectively, with excellent mode extinction ratios (25-37 + dB) and low loss (~1 dB) between 1500 and 1580 nm. Furthermore, optimized fabrication parameters enable coupling ratios close to 100%. When written in sequence, the couplers allow for the multiplexing of all LP01, LP11a and LP11b modes. This is also shown to be possible using a single 3-dimensional three-core coupler. These integrated mode couplers have considerable potential to be used in mode-division multiplexing for increasing optical fiber capacity. The three-dimensional capability of the femtosecond direct-write technique provides the versatility to write linear cascades of such two- and three-core couplers into a single compact glass chip, with arbitrary routing of waveguides to ensure a small footprint. This technology could be used for high-performance, compact and cost-effective multiplexing of large numbers of modes of an optical fiber.
Chemical reactor design (1987)

Simple Reactions in Ideal Reactors Complex Reactions in Batch Reactors Complex Reactions in Ideal Flow Reactors Thermal Effects and Energy Balances Design and Optimization Studies Real Tubular Reactors in Laminar Flow Real Tubular Reactors in Turbulent Flow Unsteady Reactors Mixing in Continuous-Flow Systems: Heterogeneous Catalysis Multiphase Reactors Polymer Reaction Engineering Index.
Color measurements on sediment core PS2641-4 (1994)

The color reflectance of dried sediment was measured with an X-Rite spectrophotometer, Model 500 Series, using the CIE* system, with L* a measure of black to white, a* (blue to red) and b* (yellow to green. The prepared dry samples were tapped into a 2.5 cm dia. aluminum XRD holder, overlain by a clear glass slide, and measured. A Pantone Color Chip (4705) was measured repeatedly to evaluate instrument drift.
Behavior and Characterization of Prostatic Stem Cells (2002)

Abstract : The first aim is to identify prostatic stem cells using an intraprostatic transplantation approach using GFP-tagged prostatic basal and luminal cell lines that we established. We found that both basal and luminal cells engraft and that engrafted basal cells give rise to luminal cells. The second aim studies the characteristics of prostatic tumors that arise after ras transformation of basal and luminal cells. We show that the transformed basal and luminal cell lines form subcutaneous tumors and that the rate of tumor growth is enhanced by co-inoculation with normal prostatic smooth muscle cells. This indicates that smooth muscle cells may contribute to the progression of prostatic tumors and that paracrine signaling between basal and smooth muscle cells may be involved in tumorigenesis. We also show that intraprostatic inoculation of transformed basal cells gives rise to tumors that contain luminal cells. This is significant as it may explain why most prostatic tumors have a luminal phenotype. Prostatic stem cells are considered to be of basal origin and stem cells are the likely targets of transformation leading to prostate cancer. Our results may explain this paradox as transformed basal cells may give rise to transformed luminal cells that may have a growth advantage. Hence by the time the cancer is clinically manifest most of the cells in the tumor may be luminal in nature.
Infections Caused byKluyveraSpecies in Humans (2001)

Kluyvera is a relatively newly described genus in the family Enterobacteriaceae that infrequently causes infections in humans. The organism has been isolated from various clinical specimens, but its significance has not been clearly established. In fact, it has been regarded alternatively as saprophytic, opportunistic, or pathogenic. Since the redefinition of this genus in 1981, case reports of diverse clinical infections occurring under various host conditions have been published. Here we present a critical review of all Kluyvera infections reported in the literature, along with our experience involving 5 additional cases. Most patients received prompt antimicrobial treatment on the basis of susceptibility testing, and overall the clinical outcomes were good. Antimicrobial agents active against most Kluyvera strains include third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides. In contrast, the resistance to ampicillin, extended-spectrum penicillins, and first- and second-generation cephalosporins is significant. Kluyvera is a potentially virulent pathogen that deserves aggressive treatment designed with an awareness of the organism's antimicrobial resistance patterns.
Using data tagging to improve the performance of Kanerva's sparse distributed memory (1988)

The standard formulation of Kanerva's sparse distributed memory (SDM) involves the selection of a large number of data storage locations, followed by averaging the data contained in those locations to reconstruct the stored data. A variant of this model is discussed, in which the predominant pattern is the focus of reconstruction. First, one architecture is proposed which returns the predominant pattern rather than the average pattern. However, this model will require too much storage for most uses. Next, a hybrid model is proposed, called tagged SDM, which approximates the results of the predominant pattern machine, but is nearly as efficient as Kanerva's original formulation. Finally, some experimental results are shown which confirm that significant improvements in the recall capability of SDM can be achieved using the tagged architecture.
trans‐1,2‐Cyclohexanedisulfonic Acid: An Optically Active Linker for Coordination Polymers (2014)

Abstract Racemic 1,2‐cyclohexanedisulfonic acid was prepared from cyclohexene oxide via the cyclic trithiocarbonate and isolated as its barium salt. Optical resolution was achieved by crystallization with (–)‐( R , R )‐1,2‐cyclohexane diamine; the absolute configuration was established by X‐ray crystallography of this salt, [C 6 H 10 (NH 3 ) 2 ][C 6 H 10 (SO 3 ) 2 ]. Solid‐state structures were investigated of the racemic acidic sodium disulfonate Na(H 5 O 2 )[C 6 H 10 (SO 3 ) 2 ] and the optically active disulfonates Na 2 [C 6 H 10 (SO 3 ) 2 ] · 1.8H 2 O and Ag(NH 2 Me 2 )[C 6 H 10 (SO 3 ) 2 ].
Beyond the detergent effect: a binding site for sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in mammalian apoferritin (2012)

Although sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is widely used as an anionic detergent, it can also exert specific pharmacological effects that are independent of the surfactant properties of the molecule. However, structural details of how proteins recognize SDS are scarce. Here, it is demonstrated that SDS binds specifically to a naturally occurring four-helix bundle protein: horse apoferritin. The X-ray crystal structure of the apoferritin-SDS complex was determined at a resolution of 1.9 Å and revealed that the SDS binds in an internal cavity that has previously been shown to recognize various general anesthetics. A dissociation constant of 24 ± 9 µM at 293 K was determined by isothermal titration calorimetry. SDS binds in this cavity by bending its alkyl tail into a horseshoe shape; the charged SDS head group lies in the opening of the cavity at the protein surface. This crystal structure provides insights into the protein-SDS interactions that give rise to binding and may prove useful in the design of novel SDS-like ligands for some proteins.