gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Event-Triggered Formation Control and Leader Tracking With Resilience to Byzantine Adversaries: A Reputation-Based Approach (2021)

A distributed event-triggered controller is developed for formation control and leader tracking (FCLT) with robustness to adversarial Byzantine agents for a class of heterogeneous multi-agent systems (MASs). Assuming each agent can accurately measure the state of a neighbor whenever the neighbor broadcasts its state, a reputation-based strategy is developed for each agent to detect Byzantine agent behaviors within their neighbor set and then selectively disregard Byzantine state information. Selectively ignoring Byzantine agents results in a time-varying graph topology. Nonsmooth dynamics also result from intermittent communication due to an event-triggered strategy, which facilitates the efficient use of resources. Nonsmooth Lyapunov methods are used to prove stability and FCLT of the MAS consisting of the remaining cooperative agents.
Optimal Rate-Diverse Wireless Network Coding (2017)

This paper proposes an encoding/decoding framework for achieving the optimal channel capacities of the two-user broadcast channel where each user (receiver) has the message targeted for the other user (receiver) as side information. Since the link qualities of the channels from the base station to the two users are different, their respective single-user non-broadcast channel capacities are also different. A goal is to simultaneously achieve/approach the single-user non-broadcast channel capacities of the two users with a single broadcast transmission by applying network coding. This is referred to as the rate-diverse wireless network coding problem. For this problem, this paper presents a capacity-achieving framework based on linear-structured nested lattice codes. The significance of the proposed framework, besides its theoretical optimality, is that it suggests a general design principle for linear rate-diverse wireless network coding going beyond the use of lattice codes. We refer to this design principle as the principle of virtual single-user channels. Guided by this design principle, we propose two implementations of our encoding/decoding framework using practical linear codes amenable to decoding with affordable complexities: the first implementation is based on Low Density Lattice Codes (LDLC) and the second implementation is based on Bit-interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM). These two implementations demonstrate the validity and performance advantage of our framework.
Effect of prior hyperglycemia on IL-6 responses to exercise in children with type 1 diabetes (2005)

The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) may modulate the onset and progression of complications of diabetes. As this cytokine increases after exercise, and many other exercise responses are altered by prior glycemic fluctuations, we hypothesized that prior hyperglycemia might exacerbate the IL-6 response to exercise. Twenty children with type 1 diabetes (12 boys/8 girls, age 12-15 yr) performed 29 exercise studies (30-min intermittent cycling at approximately 80% peak O2 uptake). Children were divided into four groups based on highest morning glycemic reading [blood glucose (BG) < 150, BG 151-200, BG 201-300, or BG > 300 mg/dl]. All exercise studies were performed in the late morning, after hyperglycemia had been corrected and steady-state conditions (plasma glucose < 120 mg/dl, basal insulin infusion) had been maintained for > or = 90 min. Blood samples for IL-6, growth factors, and counterregulatory hormones were drawn at pre-, end-, and 30 min postexercise time points. At all time points, circulating IL-6 was lowest in BG < 150 and progressively higher in the other three groups. The exercise-induced increment also followed a similar dose-response pattern (BG < 150, 0.6 +/- 0.2 ng/ml; BG 151-200, 1.2 +/- 0.8 ng/ml; BG 201-300, 2.1 +/- 1.1 ng/ml; BG > 300, 3.2 +/- 1.4 ng/ml). Other measured variables (growth hormone, IGF-I, glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol) were not influenced by prior hyperglycemia. Recent prior hyperglycemia markedly influenced baseline and exercise-induced levels of IL-6 in a group of peripubertal children with type 1 diabetes. While exercise is widely encouraged and indeed often considered part of diabetic management, our data underscore the necessity to completely understand all adaptive mechanisms associated with physical activity, particularly in the context of the developing diabetic child.
Preface: Advancing Technology with Organic and Polymer Transistors (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTPreface: Advancing Technology with Organic and Polymer TransistorsAlejandro L. BrisenoCite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 7, 2301Publication Date (Web):April 10, 2013Publication History Published online10 April 2013Published inissue 10 April 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/am4008984https://doi.org/10.1021/am4008984editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views720Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (114 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Organic electronics,Organic polymers,Semiconductors,Solar cells,Transistors Get e-Alerts
DNA methylation at a nutritionally sensitive region of the PAX8 gene is associated with thyroid volume and function in Gambian children (2021)

PAX8 is a key thyroid transcription factor implicated in thyroid gland differentiation and function, and <i>PAX8</i> gene methylation is reported to be sensitive to the periconceptional environment. Using a novel recall-by-epigenotype study in Gambian children, we found that <i>PAX8</i> hypomethylation at age 2 years is associated with a 21% increase in thyroid volume and an increase in free thyroxine (T4) at 5 to 8 years, the latter equivalent to 8.4% of the normal range. Free T4 was associated with a decrease in DXA-derived body fat and bone mineral density. Furthermore, offspring <i>PAX8</i> methylation was associated with periconceptional maternal nutrition, and methylation variability was influenced by genotype, suggesting that sensitivity to environmental exposures may be under partial genetic control. Together, our results demonstrate a possible link between early environment, <i>PAX8</i> gene methylation and thyroid gland development and function, with potential implications for early embryonic programming of thyroid-related health and disease.
Ligand-based Computation of HIV-1 Integrase Inhibition Strength within a Series of β-ketoamide Derivatives (2003)

Motivation. A continuous demand exists for novel bioactive molecules. When a lead structure has been discovered and looks promising for further development, series of analogues will be made. Normally, the synthesis of many compounds is required to improve on the activity, or to keep good activity while optimising other properties of relevance. A computational model that accurately predicts the activity of derivatives before their synthesis is beneficial to the speed and cost of lead optimisation. It can be advantageous when such a model does not require geometrical information on the target protein structure. Method. A conformational analysis was performed on 201 ketoamide ester derivatives that inhibit HIV integrase. The derivatives were aligned to the lowest energy conformer of the most potent inhibitor with the SEAL method. Five CoMSIA fields were computed for each compound taking into account steric, polarisability, charge, H-bond acceptor, and H-bond donor properties. A model for integrase-inhibitor interaction was derived by PLS regression. The predictivity of the model was tested by scrambling the data, leave-n-out experiments and applying the model to a ketoamide acid series of integrase inhibitors. In order to elucidate the binding mode of the inhibitors, the model was mapped on a crystal structure of the integrase enzyme. Results. The CoMSIA model derived from the 201 ketoamide ester derivatives has an R 2 of 0.75. The resulting fields of the molecular properties required for strong inhibition can be qualitatively understood. Scrambling the data prohibited the derivation of a predictive model. The models derived from 100 derivatives when applied to the remaining 101 compounds, resulted in a prediction with an absolute deviation of 0.28 log10 unit/compound. The accuracy of prediction when the model was applied to 74 ketoamide acids was 0.42 log10 unit/compound. Mapping the model onto the integrase enzyme did not lead to an obvious binding mode. Conclusions. The predictivity of our model allows for guiding the synthesis of novel analogues. Our approach holds its predictive value when applied to a different series of inhibitors. The geometry of integrase-inhibitor binding is not very well understood at the present time, which emphasizes the advantages of an approach that does not require this knowledge for the design of novel active compounds.
Integrin switching regulates normal trophoblast invasion (1994)

Cells invade extracellular matrices in a regulated manner at specific times and places during normal development. A dramatic example is trophoblast invasion of the uterine wall. Previous studies have shown that differentiation of trophoblasts to an invasive phenotype is accompanied by temporally and spatially regulated switching of their integrin repertoire. In the first trimester human placenta, alpha 6 integrins are restricted to cytotrophoblast (CTB) stem cells and downregulated in invasive CTBs, whereas alpha 5 beta 1 and alpha 1 beta 1 integrins are upregulated in differentiating and invasive CTBs. The goal of the present study was to determine whether these changes have functional consequences for CTB invasiveness. Using an in vitro invasion model, we determined first that aggregates of invading first trimester CTBs in vitro undergo the same pattern of integrin switching as was observed in situ, thereby validating the utility of the model. We then showed that antibody perturbation of interactions involving laminin or collagen type IV and their integrin alpha 1/beta 1 receptor inhibited invasion by CTBs, whereas perturbing interactions between fibronectin and the alpha 5/beta 1 fibronectin receptor accelerated invasion. Finally, we report that later gestation CTBs, which display greatly decreased invasive capacity, are also unable to upregulate alpha 1 beta 1 complexes, providing further evidence that this integrin is critical for CTB invasion. This gestational regulation is transcriptional. These data indicate that integrin switching observed during differentiation in situ has significant functional consequences for CTB invasion. The data suggest further that differentiating CTBs upregulate counterbalancing invasion-accelerating and invasion-restraining adhesion mechanisms. We propose that this contributes to regulating the depth of CTB invasion during normal implantation.
ACTR-52. TUMOR TREATING FIELDS (TTFIELDS) IN COMBINATION WITH LOMUSTINE (CCNU) IN THE EF-14 PHASE 3 CLINICAL STUDY – A SAFETY ANALYSIS (2018)

INTRODUCTION: TTFields are low intensity, intermediate frequency, alternating electric fields. The significant overall and progression-free survival benefit, shown in the EF-14 phase 3 study was seen in all patient-subgroups, independent of e.g. MGMT-promotor methylation-status or age. TTFields were not associated with additional systemic toxicity. At recurrence, patients were allowed to continue TTFields with second-line therapies. Here, we analyzed the safety data of TTFields + lomustine (CCNU) to evaluate safety and feasibility of this combination. Patients in the EF-14 trial received TTFields until second progression, or for 24 months. Change in chemotherapy regimen was allowed after tumor progression. We compared the patients who received lomustine as second-line chemotherapy in combination with TTFields (n=134) to the patients who received lomustine as monotherapy after first progression (n=39). We compared baseline characteristics and the adverse event profile between the groups. Baseline characteristics were well balanced except for less female patients in the lomustine only group (7.7% vs. 22.4%). Median age in the TTFields/lomustine group was 55.5 years (29–83) compared to 50.0 years (19–71) for lomustine alone. The addition of TTFields to lomustine therapy was not associated with any significant increase in systemic adverse events compared to lomustine therapy alone (number of patients with 1 SAE 30 % vs. 31 %) and the distribution, severity and overall incidence of adverse events were not statistically different in patients in the two treatment groups. CONCLUSION: The data show that the combination of TTFields and lomustine is safe and feasible. This analysis emphasizes again the strong safety profile of TTFields and the high potential of combining TTFields with other modalities. This data is especially important in light of the recently presented, promising data from a small randomized trial that tested the combination of lomustine + TMZ in newly diagnosed (MGMT promotor-methylated only) glioblastoma patients.
Construction of a Chimeric Secretory IgA and Its Neutralization Activity against Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 (2014)

Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) acts as the first line of defense against respiratory pathogens. In this assay, the variable regions of heavy chain (VH) and Light chain (VL) genes from a mouse monoclonal antibody against H5N1 were cloned and fused with human IgA constant regions. The full-length chimeric light and heavy chains were inserted into a eukaryotic expressing vector and then transfected into CHO/dhfr-cells. The chimeric monomeric IgA antibody expression was confirmed by using ELISA, SDS-PAGE, and Western blot. In order to obtain a dimeric secretory IgA, another two expressing plasmids, namely, pcDNA4/His A-IgJ and pcDNA4/His A-SC, were cotransfected into the CHO/dhfr-cells. The expression of dimeric SIgA was confirmed by using ELISA assay and native gel electrophoresis. In microneutralization assay on 96-well immunoplate, the chimeric SIgA showed neutralization activity against H5N1 virus on MDCK cells and the titer was determined to be 1 : 64. On preadministrating intranasally, the chimeric SIgA could prevent mice from lethal attack by using A/Vietnam/1194/04 H5N1 with a survival rate of 80%. So we concluded that the constructed recombinant chimeric SIgA has a neutralization capability targeting avian influenza virus H5N1 infection in vitro and in vivo.
Rich Pseudopolymorphic Behavior of the Tetranuclear [Ni4(dpyatriz)2(NO3)8] Complex (2007)

Reaction of nickel(II) nitrate with the dpyatriz ligand, namely 2,4,6-tris(bis(pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1,3,5-triazine, in acetonitrile produces a tetranuclear NiII coordination compound, [Ni4(dpyatriz)2(NO3)8(CH3CN)2(H2O)2]·2CH3CN (1), the crystal structure of which has been determined by X-ray diffraction using a synchrotron source. 1 has been characterized by IR and UV−vis spectroscopy, elemental and thermogravimetric analyses, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Its solid-state structure exhibits remarkable anion···π interactions between coordinated nitrate ions and the triazine rings. In addition, a thorough X-ray powder diffraction study has revealed a number of pseudopolymorphic phases (2−5), resulting from various degrees of hydration/solvation of the [Ni4(dpyatriz)2] core. The interconversion scheme among the different phases has been determined using controlled heating, and the basic structural features of the different pseudopolymorphs have been assessed through ab initio powder diffraction methods.
A compact pool boiler utilizing nanostructured plates for microscale cooling applications (2012)

A nanostructure based compact pool boiler cooling system consisting of an aluminum base housing the heaters, a pool and four different plates to change the surface texture of the pool is designed. Effects of nanostructured plates of different surface morphologies on boiling heat transfer performance of the system are studied. Three nanostructured plates featuring Si nanowires of diameter 850 nm and of three different lengths, 900 nm, 1800 nm and 3200 nm respectively, which are etched through single crystal p-type silicon wafers using metal assisted chemical etching (MaCE), are utilized to enhance the pool boiling heat transfer. A plain surface Si plate is used as the control sample. C onstant heat flux is provided to the liquid within the pool on the surface of the aluminum base through the plate by boiling heat transfer. Existence of wall superheat gave rise to forming of vapor bubbles near the boiling temperature of the fluid, namely DI-Water. Bubbles emerged from the nanostructured plate along with the phase change. Nucleate boiling on the surface of the plate, bubble formation and bubble motion inside the pool created a heat removal mechanism from the heated surface to the liquid pool. The surface temperature at boiling inception is found to be 104 ºC for plain surface Si control sample, whereas it decreased to near 100 ºC for all the cases where a nanostructured plate was present. Due the enhancement in boiling heat transfer coefficients, this study proves the ability of nanostructure d plates in improving the performance of the cooling system.
Bioactive Seed Layer for Surface‐Confined Self‐Assembly of Peptides (2015)

Abstract The design and control of molecular systems that self‐assemble spontaneously and exclusively at or near an interface represents a real scientific challenge. We present here a new concept, an active seed layer that allows to overcome this challenge. It is based on enzyme‐assisted self‐assembly. An enzyme, alkaline phosphatase, which transforms an original peptide, Fmoc‐FFY(PO 4 2− ), into an efficient gelation agent by dephosphorylation, is embedded in a polyelectrolyte multilayer and constitutes the “reaction motor”. A seed layer composed of a polyelectrolyte covalently modified by anchoring hydrogelator peptides constitutes the top of the multilayer. This layer is the nucleation site for the Fmoc‐FFY peptide self‐assembly. When such a film is brought in contact with a Fmoc‐FFY(PO 4 2− ) solution, a nanofiber network starts to form almost instantaneously which extents up to several micrometers into the solution after several hours. We demonstrate that the active seed layer allows convenient control over the self‐assembly kinetics and the geometric features of the fiber network simply by changing its peptide density.
Improvement of spatial resolution properties of image intensifier–TV digital systems with a multiple‐narrow‐slit beam imaging technique (1988)

Multiple-slit beam imaging technique with an image intensifier (II)-TV digital system has been developed to remove scatter and veiling glare while high x-ray beam utilization is maintained. Although the contrast and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are improved with this technique, the overall image quality obtainable with an II-TV digital system is still limited due to low spatial resolution, which is mainly caused by the large pixel size, i.e., by the small matrix size used. In order to overcome the limitation of the pixel size, we have developed a new method of improving the resolution properties of the II-TV digital system by use of a multiple-slit assembly (MSA) having a narrow slit width. When the slit width of the MSA is narrower than the pixel size of the II-TV digital system, two signals from a given slit due to different MSA placements may be detected by the same pixel in different image frames, and the detected signals of the slit images are mapped to a large matrix. In this way, the spatial resolution in the direction perpendicular to the slit openings can be improved along with the increased contrast and SNR as the scatter and veiling glare can be removed. Experimental results are presented, and the effect of an anisotropic resolution property on the overall image quality is discussed.
Description and Comparison of the Results of the Proposed House: Habitat for Humanity at Frazier Court, Dallas, Texas, with the 2004 IECC Standard Reference House (2010)

The Energy Systems Laboratory was requested to calculate the emissions reductions associated&#13;\nwith the Habitat for Humanity Housing Project at Frazier Court, Dallas Texas. This report presents the&#13;\nresults of the required analysis, a set of houses was compared to a corresponding standard reference house&#13;\nas described in the 2004 International Energy Conservation Code (2004 IECC). The energy consumption&#13;\ncalculations were carried out using DOE-2.1e input file RES3ST.inp (Version 4.01.07) and DDP&#13;\n(Version: 1.7.03). Based on this comparison, the % above/below code for the proposed house was&#13;\ndetermined. The resultant emissions calculations were carried out using eCALC software (ESL, 2006).&#13;\nThis report also contains detailed information about the description of the proposed house in terms of its&#13;\nbuilding parameters, resultant energy consumption and emission reductions. Calculations are carried out&#13;\nusing TMY2 weather file for Tarrant County, TX which is in climate zone 3 of the IECC 2004 climate&#13;\nzone categories. For the 1285 sq. ft. houses, the energy consumption of the Habitat for Humanity houses&#13;\nis in the range of 10.3% - 11.7% above code and for the 843 sq. ft. houses, the energy consumption is in&#13;\nthe range of 20.9% - 21.4% below code. The HERS ratings calculated by IC3 is in the range of 71.7–&#13;\n74.2 for the 1285 sq. ft. houses and in the range of 79.4 – 80.6 for the 843 sq. ft. houses.
Differentially-protected steroidal triamines; scaffolds with potential for medicinal, supramolecular, and combinatorial chemistry (2004)

Cholic acid 2a has been converted into two new orthogonally-protected triamino scaffolds, 13 and 14. The synthesis proceeds via the bis-Boc-NH-substituted azide 10, for which an improved preparation is described. After removal of the Boc groups, the two axial amines are differentiated through a novel monoprotection employing 1-(2-nitrobenzenesulfonyloxy)-benzotriazole 29. Regioselectivity of > or 50 : 1 is achieved, presumably reflecting an exceptional sensitivity to steric hindrance. Protection of the remaining amino group as Boc or Alloc gives the scaffolds in approximately 40% overall yield from cholic acid. Scaffold 13 has been sequentially deprotected and derivatised with N-carbamoyl amino acids, to give a model for tripodal peptide libraries.