gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PREDICTION FOR LOCATIONS OF CHANGES IN ROADS FROM CONSTRUCTION-RECORDS (2012)

道路地図やカーナビゲーションの地図データにおいて，道路の供用に整合して更新がなされることは，道路の利便性の向上に寄与する．しかし，道路の供用の情報を得るには，道路管理者毎の公示内容等を調査しなければならず，手間と時間を要している．これを改善するため，公共工事の品質確保のために収集されている工事実績情報から道路の供用を予測できないだろうかと考えた．研究によって，工事実績情報から一定の期間内に行われた工事を選定し，使用された工法・型式を説明変数に変換し，さらに場所ごとに集約することで予測用データを生成し，これに教師あり機械学習を適用する手法を考案した．これを埼玉県の工事実績情報，道路開通情報により検証し，予測が可能であることを示した．
Ultrametric Hierarchical Clustering Algorithms (1979)

Johnson has shown that the single linkage and the complete linkage hierarchical clustering algorithms induce a metric on the data known as the ultrametric. Through the use of the Lance and Williams recurrence formula, Johnson's proof is extended to four other common clustering algorithms. It is also noted that two additional methods produce hierarchical structures which can violate the ultrametric inequality.
THE RATE OF OXIDATION OF CYTOCHROME c BY FERRICYANIDE IONS1 (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE RATE OF OXIDATION OF CYTOCHROME c BY FERRICYANIDE IONS1Norman Sutin and David R. ChristmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 7, 1773–1774Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01468a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01468a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct and Indirect Effects of Growth Hormone on Mouse Hindlimb Muscle Fiber Type Composition (2006)

To date, the effects of growth hormone (GH) on muscle fiber phenotype have not been clearly elucidated. Studies employing hypophysectomy have been confounded by the loss of not only GH but other hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland, whereas studies using GH supplementation have produced erratic results. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of GH/IGF-1 on fiber type composition of selected mouse hindlimb muscles. METHODS: The triceps surae muscle group was harvested from mice that were either: (1) giant due to expression of a bovine GH transgene (bGH) that resulted in high levels of serum IGF-1, (2) dwarf due to the disruption of the GHR/binding protein gene (GHR-/−) that resulted in very low levels of serum IGF-1, or (3) normal-sized [nontransgenic (NT)] controls. Serial cross sections were assayed for mATPase activity and used to delineate eight fiber types (I, IC, IIC, IIA, IIAD, IID, IIDB, and IIB). Cross-sectional areas were subsequently determined on ∼50 fibers/type. RESULTS: Muscles from bGH mice demonstrated a significant (P<0.05) fast-to-slow shift in fiber phenotype compared to NT control littermates. Also, significant increases in the cross-sectional areas of most fiber types (primarily confined to the most oxidative fiber types) were found in the bGH mice. In contrast, fiber phenotype was not altered in GHR-/− mice. However, significant reductions were found in the size of all muscle fiber types. Regardless of mouse genotype and phenotype, the hierarchy of fiber size was maintained such that type I fibers were the largest in Sol, whereas, type IIB fibers were the largest in Plant, GSW, and GDR. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that GH has a profound and divergent effect on muscle phenotype both directly (independent of IGF-1) and indirectly (via IGF-1 mediating mechanisms).
Recent developments in passive component testing (2002)

Passive components for high-speed dense wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) optical networks must be characterized precisely for both loss and dispersion properties: spectral loss, polarization-dependent loss (PDL), group delay (GD), and differential GD (DGD). The ability to test all parameters will be essential in the development and manufacture of passive optical devices and modules such as fiber gratings, arrayed waveguide gratings, or add–drop modules, particularly for 40-Gbit/s networks. New techniques such as swept homodyne interferometry are currently developed for full characterization of modern optical devices. Here we review the latest development in optical component testing for all-loss and all-parameter tests.
Impotence in Progressive Systemic Sclerosis (1981)

Five men with progressive systemic sclerosis presented with impotence as a significant initial feature of their disease. Endocrine, urologic, and psychiatric evaluations failed to reveal another cause for impotence. We suggest that male erectile dysfunction represents another manifestation of systemic sclerosis. Possible mechanisms for this phenomenon are discussed.
Control measurement system for railway track position (2012)

The control of the railway track relative to the fixed system of reference is a necessary condition to ensure the safety of railway traffic. This paper describes the optical-electronic system of railway track control relative to the fixed system of reference. The system consists of two cameras and special marks. The system is installed on the leveling machine and performs measurements during its motion. System marks are installed on the contact-line supports. This paper presents the test results. The system determines the distance to the mark with an accuracy of 1.5 mm in the range of 1.5–7 mm and the vertical bias with an accuracy of 1.5 mm in the range of 200 mm. This paper describes the algorithms of the system, and special attention is paid to sources of error in such systems.
Investigating the Anterior Temporal Lobe With Direct Intracranial Recordings (2015)

Abel, Taylor J. MD; Rhone, Ariane E. PhD; Nourski, Kirill V. MD, PhD; Howard, Matthew A. III MD; Tranel, Daniel PhD Author Information
Learning to generate images with perceptual similarity metrics (2017)

Deep networks are increasingly being applied to problems involving image synthesis, e.g., generating images from textual descriptions and reconstructing an input image from a compact representation. Supervised training of image-synthesis networks typically uses a pixel-wise loss (PL) to indicate the mismatch between a generated image and its corresponding target image. We propose instead to use a loss function that is better calibrated to human perceptual judgments of image quality: the multiscale structural-similarity score (MS-SSIM) [1]. Because MS-SSIM is differentiable, it is easily incorporated into gradient-descent learning. We compare the consequences of using MS-SSIM versus PL loss on training autoencoders. Human observers reliably prefer images synthesized by MS-SSIM-optimized models over those synthesized by PL-optimized models, for two distinct PL measures (L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> distances). We also explore the effect of training objective on image encoding and analyze conditions under which perceptually-optimized representations yield better performance on image classification. Finally, we demonstrate the superiority of perceptually-optimized networks for super-resolution imaging. We argue that significant advances can be made in modeling images through the use of training objectives that are well aligned to characteristics of human perception.
LWR Pressure-Vessel Surveillance Dosimetry Improvement Program. 1982 annual report, October 1, 1981- September 30, 1982 (1983)

This report describes progress made in the Light Water Resactor Pressure Vessel Surveillance Dosimetry Improvement Program (LWR-PV-SDIP) during FY 1982. The primary concern of this program is to improve, test, verify and standardize the physics-dosimetry-metallurgy and the associated reactor and damage analysis procedures and data used for predicting the integrated effects of neutron exposure to LWR pressure vessels and support structures. These procedures and data are being recommended in a new and updated set of ASTM standards being prepared, tested, and verified by program participants. These standards together with parts of the US Code of Federal Regulations and ASME codes are needed and used for the assessment and control of the condition of LWR pressure vessels and support structures during the 30 to 50 year lifetime of a nuclear power plant.
Representative derivative chemistry of the 1,6- and 1,10-B8C2H10 carborane system (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRepresentative derivative chemistry of the 1,6- and 1,10-B8C2H10 carborane systemPhilip M. Garrett, James C. Smart, and M. Frederick HawthorneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 17, 4707–4710Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01045a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01045a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluating host aware SMR drives (2016)

Shingled Magnetic Recording (SMR) technology increases the areal density of hard disk drives. Among the three types of SMR drives on the market today, Host Aware SMR (HA-SMR) drives look the most promising. In this paper, we carry out evaluation to understand the performance of HA-SMR drives with the objective of building large-scale storage systems using this type of drive. We focus on evaluating the special features of HA-SMR drives, such as the open zone issue and media cache cleaning efficiency. Based on our observations we propose a novel host-controlled indirection buffer to enhance the drive's I/O performance. Finally, we present a case study of the open zone issue to show the potential of this host-controlled indirection buffer for HA-SMR drives.
A Robust Phased Elimination Algorithm for Corruption-Tolerant Gaussian Process Bandits (2022)

We consider the sequential optimization of an unknown, continuous, and expensive to evaluate reward function, from noisy and adversarially corrupted observed rewards. When the corruption attacks are subject to a suitable budget $C$ and the function lives in a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS), the problem can be posed as corrupted Gaussian process (GP) bandit optimization. We propose a novel robust elimination-type algorithm that runs in epochs, combines exploration with infrequent switching to select a small subset of actions, and plays each action for multiple time instants. Our algorithm, Robust GP Phased Elimination (RGP-PE), successfully balances robustness to corruptions with exploration and exploitation such that its performance degrades minimally in the presence (or absence) of adversarial corruptions. When $T$ is the number of samples and $γ_T$ is the maximal information gain, the corruption-dependent term in our regret bound is $O(C γ_T^{3/2})$, which is significantly tighter than the existing $O(C \sqrt{T γ_T})$ for several commonly-considered kernels. We perform the first empirical study of robustness in the corrupted GP bandit setting, and show that our algorithm is robust against a variety of adversarial attacks.
Inhibition of Experimental Metastasis of Human Fibrosarcoma Cells by Anti‐recombinant 37‐kDa Laminin Binding Protein Antibody (1999)

The laminin binding protein of 37 kDa (37LBP) is regarded as a precursor protein of the high-affinity 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR). Expression of 67LR/37LBP is well correlated with biological aggressiveness of cancer, particularly with invasive and metastatic potential. To investigate in detail the role of 37LBP in cancer cells, we synthesized recombinant 37LBP (r37LBP) as a fusion protein and generated an IgG-type polyclonal antibody P4G against r37LBP. Western blot analysis with P4G showed a single band of 67LR under both nonreducing and reducing conditions using cell extract of human fibrosarcoma cells HT1080. It was shown that P4G inhibited cell attachment to immobilized laminin in a dose-dependent manner. Further, the intravenous injection of HT1080 cells pretreated with P4G, compared with that of cells pretreated with normal rabbit serum, resulted in a reduced number of experimental metastases (3.3+/-5.1 vs. 58.0+/-38.0 nodules per mouse, respectively) (P<0.005). These results suggest that P4G inhibits the colonization and growth of HT1080 cells in the lungs of mice, and that the blocking of r37LBP with the specific antibody P4G may offer a potential strategy for preventing cancer metastasis.
An inverter system for inductive tube welding utilizing resonance transformation (2002)

The following paper presents a tube welding inverter system based on a three-state resonant circuit. The advantages of this resonance transformation approach in comparison to the classical series or parallel resonant schemes are highlighted. The derivation of the resonance transformation circuit is presented together with an easy to use formula for its current transfer ratio. The effect of varying circuit parameters is evaluated. The circuit offers a simple method of connecting inverter modules in parallel. This resonant circuit is driven by a voltage-fed MOSFET inverter. It makes effective use of the parasitic inductances and internal diodes of the power semiconductors. Experimental results demonstrate system efficiency and the immunity of the system against load shorts. Due to the resonant transformation topology, no system shut-down is necessary during load shorts.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Sparse Convex Clustering Based on ℓ₂-Norm Regularization on Probability Simplex (2015)

Convex clustering is a clustering method that does not require the number of clusters in advance. This method is based on the mixture models which have all the samples as the means of clusters and clustering is achieved by finding sparse mixing weights. However, a large number of iterations are needed until convergence because its objective function does not evaluate the sparsity of the mixing weights. This article derives an efficient algorithm for convex clustering with regularization that represents sparsity. Focusing on the fact that sparse solutions on the probability simplex which is the solution space of the convex clustering have a large l₂-norm, we use the l₂-norm to regularize the solution. Experimental results show that the proposed method converges faster ones and the proposed regularization is adequate to represent sparsity.
Two-step regression procedure for the optical characterization of thin films (1991)

A diode array rapid scan spectrometer is used for measuring the intensity of polychromatic light in the 300-420-nm range reflected from a diamondlike carbon film as a function of wavelength. With a fixed grating setting, the wavelength range of 120 nm can be covered in 23 ms. From the reflected intensity, a new two-step regression procedure is utilized to determine refractive index, bandgap, slope of the absorption edge, and film thickness. The calculated parameters are independent of the starting set and the sequence of parameter estimation. The accuracy of the regression procedure is verified by comparison to the envelope method. It is shown using simulated data that, for strongly absorbing films, the new regression procedure is more accurate than the envelope method. The new regression method can handle very noisy reflectance spectra also.
The structure of gellan in dilute aqueous solution (2000)

A full assignment of high-field nmr spectra of gellan was obtained in dilute aqueous solution by performing a series of selective one-dimensional nmr experiments. The observed nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs) cannot be interpreted assuming that each sugar residue is intrinsically rigid and in a chair conformation. In fact, the rhamnose residue gives strong NOE contacts coherent only with an equilibrium involving both a chair as well as a boat (or a hemiboat) conformation. Molecular dynamic calculations performed on a heptamer with a central rhamnose support the above finding, and show a structure based on a very stiff single chain in which it is present a flipping of the rhamnose residue. At low temperatures (5-20 degrees C) in very dilute solutions (0.018 mg/mL) nmr spectra show a splitting of the resonance due to the methyl group of rhamnose residue, thus confirming the presence of a slow equilibrium among different conformers.
Catalytic enhancement of human carbonic anhydrase III by replacement of phenylalanine-198 with leucine (1991)

Carbonic anhydrase III, a cytosolic enzyme found predominantly in skeletal muscle, has a turnover rate for CO2 hydration 500-fold lower and a KI for inhibition by acetazolamide 700-fold higher (at pH 7.2) than those of red cell carbonic anhydrase II. Mutants of human carbonic anhydrase III were made by replacing three residues near the active site with amino acids known to be at the corresponding positions in isozyme II (Lys-64----His, Arg-67----Asn, and Phe-198----Leu). Catalytic properties were measured by stopped-flow spectrophotometry and 18O exchange between CO2 and water using mass spectrometry. The triple mutant of isozyme III had a turnover rate for CO2 hydration 500-fold higher than wild-type carbonic anhydrase III. The binding constants, KI, for sulfonamide inhibitors of the mutants containing Leu-198 were comparable to those of carbonic anhydrase II. The mutations at residues 64, 67, and 198 were catalytically independent; the lowered energy barrier for the triple mutant was the sum of the energy changes for each of the single mutants. Moreover, the triple mutant of isozyme III catalyzed the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl acetate with a specific activity and pH dependence similar to those of isozyme II. Phe-198 is thus a major contributor to the low CO2 hydration activity, the weak binding of acetazolamide, and the low pKa of the zinc-bound water in carbonic anhydrase III. Intramolecular proton transfer involving His-64 was necessary for maximal turnover.
Selective Resistance to Parathyroid Hormone Caused by a Novel Uncoupling Mutation in the Carboxyl Terminus of Gαs (2001)

G(s) is a heterotrimeric (alpha, beta, and gamma chains) G protein that couples heptahelical plasma membrane receptors to stimulation of adenylyl cyclase. Inactivation of one GNAS1 gene allele encoding the alpha chain of G(s) (G alpha(s)) causes pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia. Affected subjects have resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH) and other hormones that activate adenylyl cyclase plus somatic features termed Albright hereditary osteodystrophy. By contrast, subjects with pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib have hormone resistance that is limited to PTH and lack Albright hereditary osteodystrophy. The molecular basis for pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib is unknown. We analyzed the GNAS1 gene for mutations using polymerase chain reaction to amplify genomic DNA from three brothers with pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib. We identified a novel heterozygous 3-base pair deletion causing loss of isoleucine 382 in the three affected boys and their clinically unaffected mother and maternal grandfather. This mutation was absent in other family members and 15 additional unrelated subjects with pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib. To characterize the signaling properties of the mutant G alpha(s), we used site-directed mutagenesis to introduce the isoleucine 382 deletion into a wild type G alpha(s) cDNA, transfected HEK293 cells with either wild type or mutant G alpha(s) cDNA, plus cDNAs encoding heptahelical receptors for PTH, thyrotropic hormone, or luteinizing hormone, and we measured cAMP production in response to hormone stimulation. The mutant G alpha(s) protein was unable to interact with the receptor for PTH but showed normal coupling to the other coexpressed heptahelical receptors. These results provide evidence of selective uncoupling of the mutant G alpha(s) from PTH receptors and explain PTH-specific hormone resistance in these three brothers with pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib. The absence of PTH resistance in the mother and maternal grandfather who carry the same mutation is consistent with current models of paternal imprinting of the GNAS1 gene.
Identification of Reading Problems in First Grade Within a Response-to-Intervention Framework (2011)

Models of Response to Intervention (RTI) include parameters of assessment and instruction. This study focuses on assessment with the purpose of developing a screening battery that validly and efficiently identifies first-grade children at risk for reading problems. In an RTI model, these children would be candidates for early intervention. We examined accuracy, fluency, growth, and teacher rating measures as predictors of child status (at risk, not at risk) at the end of the school year based on an unselected sample of 243 children. The prediction model that best fit our selection criteria included 2-word fluency measures and a teacher rating of reading problems. Word-fluency growth was an equally plausible choice statistically, but, because the measure would require an additional data point, it was not the most efficient choice. The receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis yielded an area-under-the-curve index of .96, which indicates the selected 3-variable model is highly accurate.
Displaying computerized ECG recordings and vital signs on Windows Phone 7 smartphones (2010)

With the Windows Phone 7 Microsoft will release a new mobile operating system this fall. By displaying ECG recordings and vital signs on this new platform it could be shown that devices with the new mobile operating system can be used as mobile monitoring units. Due to their multiple wireless communication capabilities they can be useful for the mobile transmission of physiological data to telemedicine healthcare centers or personalized health portals.