gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vaccinia Virus LC16m8∆ as a Vaccine Vector for Clinical Applications (2014)

The LC16m8 strain of vaccinia virus, the active ingredient in the Japanese smallpox vaccine, was derived from the Lister/Elstree strain. LC16m8 is replication-competent and has been administered to over 100,000 infants and 3,000 adults with no serious adverse reactions. Despite this outstanding safety profile, the occurrence of spontaneously-generated large plaque-forming virulent LC16m8 revertants following passage in cell culture is a major drawback. We identified the gene responsible for the reversion and deleted the gene (B5R) from LC16m8 to derive LC16m8Δ. LC16m8∆ is non-pathogenic in immunodeficient severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice, genetically-stable and does not reverse to a large-plaque phenotype upon passage in cell culture, even under conditions in which most LC16m8 populations are replaced by revertants. Moreover, LC16m8∆ is >500-fold more effective than the non-replicating vaccinia virus (VV), Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA), at inducing murine immune responses against pathogenic VV. LC16m8∆, which expresses the SIV gag gene, also induced anti-Gag CD8⁺ T-cells more efficiently than MVA and another non-replicating VV, Dairen I minute-pock variants (DIs). Moreover, LC16m8∆ expressing HIV-1 Env in combination with a Sendai virus vector induced the production of anti-Env antibodies and CD8⁺ T-cells. Thus, the safety and efficacy of LC16m8∆ mean that it represents an outstanding platform for the development of human vaccine vectors.
Resolution and light sensitivity tradeoff with pixel size (2006)

When the size of a CMOS imaging sensor array is fixed, the only way to increase sampling density and spatial resolution is to reduce pixel size. But reducing pixel size reduces the light sensitivity. Hence, under these constraints, there is a tradeoff between spatial resolution and light sensitivity. Because this tradeoff involves the interaction of many different system components, we used a full system simulation to characterize performance. This paper describes system simulations that predict the output of imaging sensors with the same dye size but different pixel sizes and presents metrics that quantify the spatial resolution and light sensitivity for these different imaging sensors.
Preparation and Evaluation of Rifampicin and Co-trimoxazole-loaded Nanocarrier against Brucella melitensis Infection (2018)

In the current study, the efficacy of rifampicin on reducing the number of Brucella melitensis increased by the novel synthesized nanostructure. In contrast, since co-trimoxazole efficacy did not enhance by loading onto nanoparticles, the co-trimoxazole inefficiency is most likely not due to its low penetration or insolubility, and probably there are other factors that remain to be clarified in the future investigations.
Soft-x-ray magnetic speckles from a nanostructured FePd wire (2002)

We have recorded magnetic speckle patterns of unprecedented quality on a tiny sample using soft-x-ray resonant magnetic scattering in reflection geometry. This geometry is well suited to the study of epitaxial thin films. The microscopic object consisted of an FePd wire with transversal stripe domains of alternatingly up and down magnetization. Sharp magnetic superstructure peaks reflect the domain periodicity, whereas the magnetic speckles give access to the domain morphology. A high degree of coherence has been obtained $(\ensuremath{\beta}=0.85)$ as evidenced from the strong observed intensity fluctuations.
Design optimization for NEM relays implemented in BEOL layers (2017)

This work discusses design considerations for a nano-electro-mechanical (NEM) relay implemented with a standard CMOS fabrication process utilizing the back-end-of-line (BEOL) metal layers. The quasi-static and dynamic performances of the relay are simulated using Coventor MEMS+. Various design trade-offs are discussed. A design optimization scheme for minimizing the energy-delay product is presented.
Hyperspectral imaging for tumor detection in the resection surface of fresh lumpectomy specimens (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Real-time intra-operative resection margin assessment during breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is important to prevent incomplete tumor removal. Nowadays, in up to 37% of the women undergoing BCS, tumor positive margin are found after surgery. We test the feasibility of hyperspectral imaging to predict these positive margins in fresh lumpectomy specimens, to prevent incomplete tumor removal. Hyperspectral diffuse reflectance images (900-1700 nm) were collected on fresh lumpectomy specimens. These specimens were obtained from women undergoing primary BCS, that did not get neo-adjuvant treatment. To ensure hyperspectral images of the entire resection surface, we treated the specimen as a cube and imaged it from six different sides. Next, a SVM classification algorithm, which we developed and tested with a different dataset, was applied to these hyperspectral images to predict positive margins. Finally, we compared the margin assessment performed with hyperspectral imaging with histopathology, the gold standard for margin assessment. It was found that hyperspectral imaging could be used in the clinical workflow. First, data acquisition of the entire resection side was fast and took only 20 seconds per resection side. Second, with the earlier developed classification algorithm, data analysis could be performed in the operating theater in limited amount of time. Third, with hyperspectral imaging we were able to find 12 out of 13 positive resection sides. The one positive resection side that was missed contained a single malignant pocket smaller than 1 mm2. These preliminary findings make hyperspectral imaging a promising technique for resection margin assessment during BCS.
Verifying liveness for asynchronous programs (2009)

Asynchronous or 'event-driven' programming is a popular technique to efficiently and flexibly manage concurrent interactions. In these programs, the programmer can post tasks that get stored in a task buffer and get executed atomically by a non-preemptive scheduler at a future point. We give a decision procedure for the fair termination property of asynchronous programs. The fair termination problem asks, given an asynchronous program and a fairness condition on its executions, does the program always terminate on fair executions? The fairness assumptions rule out certain undesired bad behaviors, such as where the scheduler ignores a set of posted tasks forever, or where a non-deterministic branch is always chosen in one direction. Since every liveness property reduces to a fair termination property, our decision procedure extends to liveness properties of asynchronous programs. Our decision procedure for the fair termination of asynchronous programs assumes all variables are finite-state. Even though variables are finite-state, asynchronous programs can have an unbounded stack from recursive calls made by tasks, as well as an unbounded task buffer of pending tasks. We show a reduction from the fair termination problem for asynchronous programs to fair termination problems on Petri Nets, and our main technical result is a reduction of the latter problem to Presburger satisfiability. Our decidability result is in contrast to multithreaded recursive programs, for which liveness properties are undecidable. While we focus on fair termination, we show our reduction to Petri Nets can be used to prove related properties such as fair nonstarvation (every posted task is eventually executed) and safety properties such as boundedness (find a bound on the maximum number of posted tasks that can be in the task buffer at any point).
The Toxoplasma gondii Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane: Transactions Across the Border1 (2006)

The obligate intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii establishes its replication permissive niche within the infected host cell. This niche, the parasitophorous vacuole (PV), is delimited from the host cell cytoplasm by the PV membrane (PVM). In this chapter we highlight the roles of the PVM in the remodeling of host cell architecture, nutrient acquisition, the manipulation of signaling, and touch upon the potential roles in the parasite developmental cycle. We further present the PVM as a unique and dynamic "organelle" found only within the infected cell where it is established outside the parent organism. Despite its importance little is known about the biology of the PVM. There has, however, been a recent renewal of interest in the PVM, the study of which has become more tractable with the application of both classical approaches as well as genomic and proteomic analyses. In this review we discuss the diverse activities associated with the PVM and present pressing questions that remain to be elucidated regarding this enigmatic organelle.
PORTABLE-WEIGH-IN-MOTION BASED ON DISPLACEMENT MEASUREMENT USING MEMS ACCELEROMETER (2016)

構造物の維持管理を行う上で，外力を把握することは重要である．この外力に対する応答を計測するツールとして，MEMSセンサが注目されている．MEMSセンサは，磁石等で設置が可能なため，施工が容易である．さらに，安価で小型なことから構造物のモニタリングへの適用が期待されている．本研究では，MEMSセンサによるモニタリングの一つとして，可搬型車両重量推定システム（Portable-Weigh-In-Motionシステム）の開発を行った．具体的には，まず複数車線を有する橋梁の加速度記録から，全自動にて変位応答を算出するアルゴリズムを構築した．次に，その変位応答を利用した車両重量推定システムを開発した．最後に，実橋梁において計測を行い，ひずみゲージによるWIM結果と本システムの結果を比較することによって，本システムの実用性を示した．
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation and Characterization of 4‐Chloro‐6,7‐dimethoxybenzoxazolin‐2‐ one. A New Auxin‐Inhibiting Benzoxazolinone from Zea mays. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Occupational asthma and rhinitis caused by cyanoacrylate-based eyelash extension glues (2013)

Application of eyelash extensions using small amounts of cyanoacrylate-based glues can cause OA and OR.
Whole exome sequencing in congenital pain insensitivity identifies a novel causative intronic NTRK1‐mutation due to uniparental disomy (2016)

Congenital insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis (CIPA), also known as hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV (HSAN IV), is characterized by recurrent episodes of unexplained high fever, loss of pain perception and temperature sensation, absent sweating, repeated traumatic and thermal injuries, and mild mental retardation. After exclusion of obviously pathogenic mutations in NTRK1, the most common cause of CIPA, whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out in a CIPA patient with unrelated parents. No mutations in known HSAN genes were identified. However, filtering for genes carrying two rare sequence variations detected 13 homozygous single nucleotide variants (SNV), all being located on chromosome 1. Further analysis strongly suggested that this finding might be best explained by uniparental disomy of chromosome 1. Because NTRK1 is also located on chromosome 1, we re-evaluated WES data and detected a novel intronic sequence variation at position c.2188-12 C>A, homozygously because of uniparental disomy. Subsequent analysis of NTRK1 transcripts in peripheral blood cells of the patient revealed an influence of the variant on mRNA splicing. The C>A transversion generated a novel splice-site, which led to the incorporation of 10 intronic bases into the NTRK1 mRNA and consequently to a non-functional gene product. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Growth Inhibitory Efficacy of Chinese Herbs in a Cellular Model for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2021)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor-α progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2. Treatment for this breast cancer subtype is restricted to multidrug chemotherapy and survival pathway-based molecularly targeted therapy. The long-term treatment options are associated with systemic toxicity, spontaneous and/or acquired tumor resistance and the emergence a of drug-resistant stem cell population. These limitations lead to advanced stage metastatic cancer. Current emphasis is on research directions that identify efficacious, naturally occurring agents representing an unmet need for testable therapeutic alternatives for therapy resistant breast cancer. Chinese herbs are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine in women for estrogen related health issues and also for integrative support for cancer treatment. This review discusses published evidence on a TNBC model for growth inhibitory effects of several mechanistically distinct nontoxic Chinese herbs, most of them nutritional in nature, and identifies susceptible pathways and potential molecular targets for their efficacy. Documented anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of these herbs are associated with downregulation of RB, RAS, PI3K, and AKT signaling, modulation of Bcl-2/BAX protein expressions and increased caspase activity. This review provides a proof of concept for Chinese herbs as testable alternatives for prevention/therapy of TNBC.
Diffractive optical elements with continuous relief fabricated by focused ion beam for monomode fiber coupling (2000)

The design, microfabrication and testing of diffractive optical elements (DOE's) with continuous relief used for fiber coupling are discussed in detail. DOE's with diameters as small as 50 mm are fabricated by means of focused ion beam (FIB) technology. A focused Ga+ ion beam is used to mill a continuous relief microstructure at a 50 kV acceleration voltage. The optical performance of DOE's made in this way was compared with that of DOE's fabricated by other methods. The focusing performance of DOE's fabricated with three and six annulus by FIB milling was investigated. Testing of the system which has a coupling efficiency of -1.25 dB (75%) shows that the design meets the application's requirement for fiber coupling, and that DOE's manufactured by our FIB technology are practicable. Compared with a conventional fiber coupling system that uses a plano - convex lens, our system has the advantages of simplicity, short focal length, low cost for the lens and high coupling efficiency.
Controlling the interplay of large organic ions: para-sulfonato-calix[4]arene and phosphonium cations (2007)

Materials based on polyanionic para-sulfonato-calix[4]arene and tetraphenylphosphonium (Ph4P+) or benzyltriphenylphosphonium (BzPh3P+) cations are built up via partial inclusion and extensive phenyl embracing in association with trivalent cations (Yb3+, Gd3+ and Er3+). The crystalline materials have layered structures and feature negatively-charged channels propagating through the solids.
Unprecedented Insight into Diffusion by Monitoring the Concentration of Guest Molecules in Nanoporous Host Materials (2006)

How many guests? Interference microscopy is used to monitor the concentration of guest molecules in a ferrierite zeolite. The micropore diffusivities are determined as a function of loading through the microscopic application of Fick's second law. This method can be used to study isotropic and anisotropic diffusion, as well as to locate and quantify surface barriers and internal defects.
Surface Electrostatic Damage by Microprocess Robotic Machines: Diagnosis and Reliability, Process Auditing, and Remedies (2006)

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is generally known as a discharge phenomena via device pins. Many precautions have been taken against ESD, mostly considering workplace protection, pad protection structures. However, electrostatic events, originating from robotic semiconductor wafer- and device-processing seems at least a problem of similar severeness, which has not been considered enough, yet. This paper describes electrostatic mechanisms in most common assembly process tools, how to do diagnostics on devices and tool auditing. Auditing experiences are listed and hints how to improve tool-related ESD are described
Evaluation of techniques for lignocaine hydrochloride analgesia of the velvet antler of adult stags (2000)

A High-dose ring-block with a 2-min wait period should be the preferred method for achieving local analgesia for velvet antler removal.
A Telemonitoring Framework Designed for Elderly Patients (2016)

Telemonitoring is nowadays one of the most sought-after approach for patient management, especially for those suffering from chronic conditions. It involves different actors and exploits various technologies for monitoring patients at distance. In this paper, a telemonitoring framework specifically designed for elderly patients is presented. The proposed system takes advantage of an Android application that can be used on different devices (smartphone, tablet and TV), for the measurement of vital signs. The general practitioners have access to a simple and intuitive web interface to monitor the patients’ parameters trend and send them feedback. Preliminary usability tests have been carried out, with satisfying results, both with elderly patients and with general practitioners.
Stellar calibration of the single-photon receiver for satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution (2021)

Abstract Satellite quantum communication is the technology that allows to deploy large-scale quantum networks with a communication range of thousands kilometres We report the ground receiver for downlink quantum key distribution (QKD) with satellite. An optical part of this system including an active tracking loop is mounted on a 600-mm Ritchey-Chretien telescope and permits to distinguish polarization states to perform QKD between ground and satellite. Moreover, a procedure of calibration the receiver using stars with known brightness is presented. Measurements of the photon count rate of stars in the spectral range of 845 nm - 855 nm are performed and compared with an estimate.
Energy storages in microgrids (2018)

Energy storage systems are considered as a solution to improve the power quality, dynamic stability, reliability, and controllability, of microgrids in the presence of renewable energy resources (RES). The energy storage can act as an energy buffer to compensate renewable intermittency and load uncertainties. It enhances the stability of the microgrid by providing the virtual inertia for the system. Energy storage systems can also enhance the microgrids&apos; efficiency by managing the power flow and reducing operational loss. They benefit electricity customers by maximizing renewable energy utilization and minimizing electricity bills through optimal energy management. This chapter discusses microgrid challenges, energy storage technologies, and applications of energy storage within a microgrid.
Related Article from Revealing Tumor Immunity after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (2023)

Related Article from Revealing Tumor Immunity after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Evaluation of Removal Mechanisms in a Graphene Oxide-Coated Ceramic Ultrafiltration Membrane for Retention of Natural Organic Matter, Pharmaceuticals, and Inorganic Salts (2017)

Functionalized graphene oxide (GO), derived from pure graphite via the modified Hummer method, was used to modify commercially available ceramic ultrafiltration membranes using the vacuum method. The modified ceramic membrane functionalized with GO (ceramic<sub>GO</sub>) was characterized using a variety of analysis techniques and exhibited higher hydrophilicity and increased negative charge compared with the pristine ceramic membrane. Although the pure water permeability of the ceramic<sub>GO</sub> membrane (14.4-58.6 L/m<sup>2</sup> h/bar) was slightly lower than that of the pristine membrane (25.1-62.7 L/m<sup>2</sup> h/bar), the removal efficiencies associated with hydrophobic attraction and charge effects were improved significantly after GO coating. Additionally, solute transport in the GO nanosheets of the ceramic<sub>GO</sub> membrane played a vital role in the retention of target compounds: natural organic matter (NOM; humic acid and tannic acid), pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen and sulfamethoxazole), and inorganic salts (NaCl, Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, CaCl<sub>2</sub>, and CaSO<sub>4</sub>). While the retention efficiencies of NOM, pharmaceuticals, and inorganic salts in the pristine membrane were 74.6%, 15.3%, and 2.9%, respectively, these increased to 93.5%, 51.0%, and 31.4% for the ceramic<sub>GO</sub> membrane. Consequently, the improved removal mechanisms of the membrane modified with functionalized GO nanosheets can provide efficient retention for water treatment under suboptimal environmental conditions of pH and ionic strength.
Broadband TEM-mode planar-rectangular dielectric waveguide bandpass filter and its miniaturization (2003)

This paper presents a novel design method of a two-pole, low-profile, high performance broadband planar-rectangular dielectric waveguide bandpass filter (BPF) using a /spl lambda//2 TEM-mode resonator, where there is no hole, no dent or any other discontinuity in the BPF structure. Keeping the electrical performance almost unchanged, miniaturization technology of the BPF is proposed. All of the BPF models are verified by electromagnetic simulation.
Development and qualification of a new Doppler Global Velocimeter (2002)

A Doppler Global Velocimetry System (DGV) has been developed and qualified at ONERA. It can perform planar three component mean velocity measurements in air flows. Our system was designed with special regards to wind tunnel applications. The technical performance of this system is reported as well as the successful tests in wind tunnel flows. DGV measurements were performed in the flow above a delta wing and the upper surface of a transonic airfoil. A cooperative program with DLR is now established in order to work out a concept for a DGV system for large European wind tunnels.
The kinetics of the β-galactoside-proton symport of Escherichia coli (1981)

beta-Galactoside transport by Escherichia coli occurs with the concomitant uptake of a proton. The kinetics of beta-galactoside uptake at various values of external pH are interpreted in terms of a model in which both the galactoside and the proton are substrates of the transport reaction. The values of some of the kinetic constants for this two-substrate reaction were determined. The observed effects of the protonmotive force on the apparent Michaelis constant for galactoside can be explained in terms of the proton being a substrate of the transport reaction.
Epidemiology of a Novel Recombinant Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Humans in Saudi Arabia (2016)

Our findings document the spread and eventual predominance of NRC-2015 in humans in Saudi Arabia during the first half of 2015. Our identification of cases without recognized risk factors but with similar virus sequences indicates the need for better understanding of risk factors for MERS-CoV transmission.
Establishment of a state electricity regulatory commission in China: a suggested road map (2002)

This paper presents an indicative roadmap for establishment of an effective and functioning State Electricity Regulatory Commission (SERC) for China by the end of 2003. The roadmap has been prepared based on preliminary discussions with the concerned Government agencies in China.