gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature-dependent oxygen electrochemistry on platinum low-index single crystal surfaces in acid solutions (1997)

Using the rotating ring-disk technique (RRD Pt(hkl) E), the oxygen-reduction reaction (ORR) was studied in sulfuric acid solution over the temperature range 298–333 K At the same temperature, the exchange current density increased in the order, [Formula: see text] which gives the order of absolute kinetic activities of Pt(hkl) in 0.05 mol/L H 2 SO 4 : Pt(111) &lt; Pt(100) &lt; Pt(110). We found that at high current densities every crystal face has an ideally temperature-dependent Tafel slope, i.e., −2 × 2.3(RT/F). The activation energy for the ORR is independent of the surface geometry, [Formula: see text]. The insensitivity of the activation energy to surface structure implies that the reaction pathway for the ORR is the same on all three single-crystal faces. A "series" pathway for the ORR was proposed, with the first electron transfer being the rate-determining step. The structure sensitivity in the kinetics of the ORR on Pt(hkl) is attributed to the structure-sensitive adsorption of bisulfate and hydroxyl anions and a simple site-blocking effect of these adsorbed anions on the rate of the ORR. Keywords: platinum single crystals, oxygen reduction, peroxide reduction, temperature effects, activation energy.
keV NEUTRON CAPTURE IN ZINC. (1970)

Averaged gamma ray transition strengths in 65Zn and 67Zn have been measured after neutron capture in the keV energy region. These results have been compared with calculations based on resonance parameters and a statistical neutron capture mechanism. Evidence for d-wave capture in excess of that expected is given. However because of the substantial deviation from statistical behaviour of the averaged transition strengths, it is apparent that configuration effects play a major role in the determination of partial capture cross sections.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Morphological study of erythrocytes after treatment with L-alpha-lysophosphatidyl-choline in dystrophic patients and in the carrier state. (1981)

The percentage of echinocytes in the blood from patients affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy, in mothers carriers of the dystrophic state, and in Steinert dystrophic patients, has been investigated after addition of low levels of lysolecithin. The echinocyte content was significantly higher in both Duchenne patients and in carriers, and lower in Steinert patients than in controls. The extents of the differences suggest the possibility to use this methodology as a diagnostic test in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Formation of nitrous oxide in circulating fluidized-bed boilers (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of nitrous oxide in circulating fluidized-bed boilersL. E. Aamand, B. Leckner, and S. AnderssonCite this: Energy Fuels 1991, 5, 6, 815–823Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ef00030a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00030a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views205Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Lightweight Algorithm for Automated Forum Information Processing (2013)

The vast variety of information on Web forums makes them a valuable resource for various purposes such as scam detection, national security protection and sentiment analysis. However, it is challenging to extract useful information from Web forums accurately and efficiently. First, several page types exist in Web forums and content is presented in different formats in these pages. Second, the content on the forum pages is stored in the form of data blocks. For the information to be meaningful, it is necessary to extract the relevant data blocks separately. The main problem with generic content extraction systems is that they cannot distinguish among various pages nor extract information with the required granularity. Although, several content extraction methods exist for Web forums, these methods either do not satisfy the above requirements or use heuristics based approaches (such as assumptions on standard visual appearances, etc., resulting in limited applicability to different varieties of forum). In this paper, we propose a general and efficient content extraction method using the properties of links present in forum pages. The effectiveness of our proposed method is shown through our experimental results.
Locating nodes with EASE: last encounter routing in ad hoc networks through mobility diffusion (2004)

Routing in large-scale mobile ad hoc networks is challenging because all the nodes are potentially moving. Geographic routing can partially alleviate this problem, as nodes can make local routing decisions based solely on the destinations' geographic coordinates. However, geographic routing still requires an efficient location service, i.e., a distributed database recording the location of every destination node. Devising efficient, scalable, and robust location services has received considerable attention in recent years. The main purpose of this paper is to show that node mobility can be exploited to disseminate destination location information without incurring any communication overhead. We achieve this by letting each node maintain a local database of the time and location of its last encounter with every other node in the network. This database is consulted by packets to obtain estimates of their destination's current location. As a packet travels towards its destination, it is able to successively refine an estimate of the destination's precise location, because node mobility has "diffused" estimates of that location. We define and analyze a very simple algorithm called EASE (exponential age search) and show that in a model where N nodes perform independent random walks on a square lattice, the length of the routes computed by EASE are on the same order as the distance between the source and destination even for very large N. Therefore, without exchanging any explicit location information, the length of EASE routes are within a constant factor of routes obtained with perfect information. We discuss refinements of the EASE algorithm and evaluate it through extensive simulations. We discuss general conditions such that the mobility diffusion effect leads to efficient routes without an explicit location service. In practical settings, where these conditions may not always be met, we believe that the mobility diffusion effect can complement existing location services and enhance their robustness and scalability.
Development of Magnesium Forged Wheel (1995)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Magnesium has the lowest specific gravity of all metals used for structural members. The application of magnesium for a road wheel leads to improved vehicle handling and drivability because of the reduction of an unsprung weight. The authors have developed new magnesium alloy which shows excellent mechanical properties and attained a magnesium forged road wheel that is 30% lighter than aluminum wheels.&lt;/div&gt;
Impact of Electroplating at Lower Leveler Content on the Formation of Low Resistivity Narrow Cu Interconnects (2017)

This paper evaluates the resistivity, crystal grain structure and grain size distribution in 50 nm wide and 150 nm deep Cu interconnects electroplated using less leveler-containing high purity electrolyte. Resistivity of these sized Cu interconnects electroplated using 60 μL leveler-containing electrolyte is found to be 25% lower than that of Cu interconnect electroplated using the 600 μL (standard) leveler-containing electrolyte. The reduction of leveler content in electrolyte suppresses the Cl and Fe atom incorporation into the Cu interconnects and the formation of ClO and Fe(ClO) clusters at the grain boundary which reduces the grain growth in narrow Cu interconnects due to their pinning effect. The reduction of leveler content in electrolyte can also promote the formation of the as-electroplated Cu interconnects with very fine grain structure. When annealing these Cu interconnects electroplated using less leveler-containing electrolyte, the crystal grains can be considered to coarsen significantly due to the fewer numbers of ClO and Fe(ClO) clusters at the grain boundary and their large grain boundary energy. As a consequence of the significant grain coarsening, the numbers of crystal grains with less than 40 nm diameter are considered to diminish, resulting in low resistivity Cu interconnects.
Observational emergence in evolutionary fuzzy robotics (2008)

Emergence is a universal phenomenon that can be seen frequently in many fields such as evolutionary computation, artificial life and complex systems. However, many experimental results have argued that certain behaviours or properties are emergent without relying on formal definitions. In this paper, we analyse the effect of individual rules and that of interacted rules of a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) evolved by a Genetic Algorithm (GA) from the perspective of observational emergence. The analysis shows that the FLC has acquired emergent behaviours through the interactions of the underlying fuzzy rules.
Genome‐Wide Association Studies (2019)

Population-based genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been extremely successful in identifying loci that contribute to complex human traits and common diseases. In this chapter, we discuss GWAS design issues and describe protocols for the assessment of genotype quality from GWAS arrays. We introduce the statistical models utilised in detecting association between single genetic variants and quantitative traits or disease phenotypes, and describe how these methods can be extended to account for population structure and relatedness between individuals. We describe approaches that evaluate association with a trait using genotype data from multiple variants simultaneously. We also summarise available software for each stage of GWAS analysis. Finally, we discuss the continued prospects of GWASs for detecting regions of the genome associated with complex traits and their utility in predicting disease risk and developing targeted treatment interventions.
Developing Engineering Formation Systems for Sustainability (2021)

at El Paso (UTEP). Dr. Santiago has a combined experience of over 20 years in the areas of water quality, water treatment and wastewater treatment
Redfern Tent Embassy survives, for now (2015)

The Redfern Aboriginal Tent Embassy survives, a week after an eviction notice was served, demanding that they vacate by February 23. For four long days, locals and supporters have kept watch to protect the Block from an expected hoard of Redfern police coming to enforce the eviction.
Organometallics in Environment and Toxicology (2010)

This title is not available to purchase from Royal Society of Chemistry. Please visit www.bioinorganic-chemistry.org/mils for title information. This volume, closely related to MILS-6, deals mainly with metal(loid)-alkyl derivatives but also with the rarer aryl compounds. Most of these (commonly toxic) compounds are formed in the environment by microorganisms, but some anthropogenic input occurs as well. MILS-7, providing a most up-to-date view, is of special relevance for researchers in analytical and bioinorganic chemistry, enzymology, environmental chemistry, physiology, toxicology, and related medical fields.
Reflection of the S0 Lamb Mode from a Part-Depth Circular Defect in a Plate, When the Incident Wave is Created by a Small Source (2003)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation O. Diligent, M. J. S. Lowe, P. Cawley, P. Wilcox; Reflection of the S0 Lamb Mode from a Part‐Depth Circular Defect in a Plate, When the Incident Wave is Created by a Small Source. AIP Conf. Proc. 27 March 2003; 657 (1): 197–204. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1570137 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Infektionen und Lebertransplantation (2021)

Zusammenfassung Akute hepatische Dekompensationen werden häufig durch bakterielle Infektionen ausgelöst und zeichnen häufig einen schlechten Verlauf der Leberzirrhose aus, der kurativ nur durch die Transplantation behandelt werden kann. Neben der spontanen bakteriellen Peritonitis stellen Harnwegs‑, Atemwegs- und Weichteilinfektionen die häufigsten Entitäten bakterieller Infektionen bei Patienten mit Leberzirrhose dar. In der Diagnostik und Therapie dieser Infektionen muss die weltweit steigende Prävalenz multiresistenter Erreger beachtet werden, insbesondere aufgrund deren erhöhten Morbidität und Mortalität auf dem Boden der dekompensierten Zirrhose. Der hohen Mortalität der fortgeschrittenen Leberzirrhose steht ein 1‑Jahres-Überleben über 80 % nach Lebertransplantation in Deutschland gegenüber, wobei eine Diskrepanz zwischen verfügbaren Spenderorganen und Patienten auf der Warteliste für eine Lebertransplantation besteht. Trotz der Priorisierung nach Dringlichkeit der Transplantation und der Möglichkeit der Leberlebendspende versterben jährlich Patienten vor Erhalt eines Spenderorgans. Dies unterstreicht den hohen Stellenwert der Organspende sowie der Notwendigkeit einer hohen Achtsamkeit in der Transplantationsmedizin.
Novel biomarkers of bladder decompensation after partial bladder obstruction (2007)

This study shows that prolonged PBOO causes progressive deterioration in the rabbit bladder with decompensation after 8 weeks. Markedly decreased nerve density and severely reduced SOD and CAT activities are associated with the shift from compensated to decompensated function of the bladder. They may be excellent biomarkers of decompensation.
Feather chemicals contain information about the major histocompatibility complex in a highly scented seabird (2022)

Mate choice informed by the immune genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) may provide fitness benefits including offspring with increased immunocompetence. Olfactory cues are considered the primary mechanism organisms use to evaluate the MHC of potential mates, yet this idea has received limited attention in birds. Motivated by a finding of MHC-dependent mate choice in the Leach's storm-petrel (<i>Oceanodroma leucorhoa</i>), we examined whether the chemical profiles of this highly scented seabird contain information about MHC genes. Whereas previous studies in birds examined non-volatile compounds, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to measure the volatile compounds emitted from feathers that potentially serve as olfactory infochemicals about MHC and coupled this with locus-specific genotyping of MHC IIB genes. We found that feather chemicals reflected individual MHC diversity through interactions with sex and breeding status. Furthermore, similarity in MHC genotype was correlated with similarity in chemical profiles within female-female and male-female dyads. We provide the first evidence that volatile chemicals from bird feathers can encode information about the MHC. Our findings suggest that olfaction likely aids MHC-based mate choice in this species and highlight a role for chemicals in mediating genetic mate choice in birds where this mode of communication has been largely overlooked.
A Redox Gel. Electrochemically Controllable Phase Transition and Thermally Controllable Electrochemistry (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Redox Gel. Electrochemically Controllable Phase Transition and Thermally Controllable ElectrochemistryTetsu Tatsuma, Kazutake Takada, Hiroshi Matsui, and Noboru OyamaCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 22, 6687–6689Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00100a067https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00100a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views299Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: A TRINUCLEAR NIOBIUM CLUSTER WITH SIX BRIDGING SULFATES AND METAL TO METAL BOND ORDER OF 2/3 (1982)

Abstract K, SO 4 ‐Zusatz zu der durch elektrochemische Reduktion von Nb(V) in 70proz. H 2 SO 4 hergestellten rotbraunen Lösung mit Nb in der Oxidationsstufe +3.66 bedingt die Fällung eines rotbraunen kristallinen Produktes, das aufgrund von röntgenographischen Untersuchungen als (I) zu formulieren ist.
Identification of occult micrometastases in pericolic lymph nodes of Dukes' B colorectal cancer patients using monoclonal antibodies against cytokeratin and CC49. Correlation with long-term survival (1994)

Immunoperoxidase techniques are capable of identifying micrometastatic disease in lymph nodes missed by routine hematoxylin and eosin staining. Further, the presence of cytokeratin-positive cells within lymph nodes correlated with a significantly poorer prognosis. Therefore, cytokeratin staining of pericolic lymph nodes in patients with Dukes' B colorectal cancer is recommended. Larger multicenter studies are needed, however, to confirm these results and to evaluate the appropriateness of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients whose disease is upstaged by immunohistochemical staining.
The Na(+)-H+ exchanger of the placental brush-border membrane is pharmacologically distinct from that of the renal brush-border membrane. (1990)

We have compared the pharmacological properties of the human placental brush-border membrane Na(+)-H+ exchanger with those of the rabbit renal brush-border membrane Na(+)-H+ exchanger. The exchanger activity in both preparations was inhibited by cimetidine, clonidine, and harmaline. Cimetidine was found to be 4-5 times more potent than clonidine in inhibiting the placental Na+-H+ exchanger. However, the order of potency was reversed for the renal exchanger, in which case clonidine was 3-4 times more potent than cimetidine as an inhibitor. There was, however, no difference between the potencies of harmaline to inhibit the two exchangers. When amiloride and four of its analogs were tested as inhibitors, the Na(+)-H+ exchanger of the placental brush-border membrane exhibited greater sensitivity to inhibition by all of these compounds than the Na(+)-H+ exchanger of the renal brush-border membrane. The difference between the two exchangers was more prominent with the 5-amino-substituted amiloride derivatives than with amiloride. The greatest difference between the Ki values was for dimethylamiloride (the kidney/placenta ratio was 185), followed by ethylisopropyl amiloride, hexamethylene amiloride, and t-butyl amiloride. These results indicate that the two Na+-H+ exchangers are pharmacologically distinct.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium/Molybdenum Oxysulfide Secondary Batteries. (1989)

Abstract The molybdenum oxysulfides (V) and (VI) are prepared according to the scheme and their chemical reactivity with Li is tested using BuLi.
Classical Physics and the Bounds of Quantum Correlations (2016)

A unifying principle explaining the numerical bounds of quantum correlations remains elusive, despite the efforts devoted to identifying it. Here, we show that these bounds are indeed not exclusive to quantum theory: for any abstract correlation scenario with compatible measurements, models based on classical waves produce probability distributions indistinguishable from those of quantum theory and, therefore, share the same bounds. We demonstrate this finding by implementing classical microwaves that propagate along meter-size transmission-line circuits and reproduce the probabilities of three emblematic quantum experiments. Our results show that the "quantum" bounds would also occur in a classical universe without quanta. The implications of this observation are discussed.
The Urinary Excretion of Orally Administered Tritium-labeled Folic Acid as a Test of Folic Acid Absorption (1963)

Abstract The urinary excretion of radioactivity following an oral test dose of tritium-labeled folio acid was determined in a group of 40 subjects which included controls and patients with a variety of malabsorptive disorders. The results were compared with the occurrence of folic acid deficiency, as detected by subnormal serum L. casei folate levels, and with a variety of other tests available for the evaluation of intestinal absorption, including the determination of folio acid absorption based on the microbiological assay of peak serum Str. faecalis folate concentrations following the oral test dose. The urinary excretion of H3FA in 15 subjects with normal intestinal absorption ranged from 26.0 to 57.8 per cent of the oral test dose, with a mean of 40.7 per cent. The H3FA excretion in 25 patients with intestinal malabsorption ranged from 1.9 to 38.7 per cent, with a mean of 15.3 per cent. Twenty patients in this group excreted less than 26 per cent. Those five patients who excreted greater than 26 per cent were considered to have normal absorption of folic acid since absorption studies of peak serum Str. faecalis folate levels were within the normal range. The results of the H3FA urinary excretion test correlated well with other parameters of intestinal absorption, particularly in the instances of severe malabsorption, although three cases with malabsorption were observed in which H3FA excretion was subnormal and peak serum Str. faecalis folate concentrations were normal. Folic acid deficiency was observed in 12 patients and its incidence appeared to be related to the severity of impairment of folic acid absorption in the majority of cases. It is concluded that the H3FA urinary excretion test is a simple, rapid and reliable index of folic acid absorption.