gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards automated statistical partial discharge source classification using pattern recognition techniques (2018)

This study presents a comprehensive review of the automated classification in partial discharge (PD) source identification and probabilistic interpretation of the classification results based on the relationship between the variation of the phase‐resolved PD (PRPD) patterns and the source of the PD. The proposed automated classification system consists of modern, high‐performance statistical feature extraction methods and classifier algorithms. Their application in online monitoring and recognition of the PD patterns is investigated based on their low‐processing time and high‐performance evaluation. The application of modern statistical algorithms and pre‐processing methods configured in this automated classification system improves the pattern recognition accuracy of the different PD sources that are suitable to be employed in different high‐voltage (HV) insulation media. To evaluate the performance of the different combinations of the feature extraction/classier pairs, laboratory setups are designed and built that simulate various types of PDs. The test cells include three sources of PD in , two sources of PD in transformer oil, and corona in the air. Data samples for different classes of PD sources are captured under two levels of voltage and two different levels of noise. The results of this study evaluate the suitability of the proposed classification systems for probabilistic source identification in various insulation media. Furthermore, of importance to the problem of the PD source identification is to assign a ‘degree of membership’ to each PRPD pattern, besides assigning a class label to it. Some of the classifier algorithms studied in this study, such as fuzzy classifiers, are not only able to show high classification accuracy rate, but they also calculate the ‘degree of membership’ of a sample to a class of data. This enables probabilistic interpretation of a new PRPD pattern that is being classified. The determination of the degree of membership for future PRPD samples allows safer decision making based on the risk associated with the different sources of PD in HV apparatus.
DIFOJO: A Java Fork/Join Framework for Heterogeneous Networks (2005)

Many object-oriented frameworks have focused on exploiting parallelism on either shared memory or distributed memory machines. This paper presents the design, implementation and preliminary evaluation of a Java-based framework that exploits both forms of parallel machine connected together to form heterogeneous environments. The framework readily supports implementation of problems that can be solved in parallel by a divide-and-conquer approach.
Energy Efficient OFDM Transceiver based on Traffic Tracking and Adaptive Bandwidth Adjustment (2011)

We report a solution for power savings in OFDM-based digital transceivers, by adaptively tuning signal bandwidth, sampling rate, and number of parallel processing modules based on instant network traffic load.
Overlapping coverage with reuse partitioning in microcellular communication systems (2002)

In cellular communication systems overlapping coverage areas of nearby base stations provide some users with access to more than one base. This can be used to improve teletraffic performance. Mobile users who are distant from base stations are helped most by this because they are more likely to be in communication range of other nearby bases. Reuse partitioning, on the other hand, tends to be most helpful to users that are close to base stations, because they can use channels from more partitions. This paper considers the combined use of overlapping coverage and reuse partitioning so that all users gain some advantage. We develop an analytical model for such systems. Theoretical traffic performance characteristics are obtained and compared with those for fixed channel assignment schemes. Priority for hand-off calls is considered. Simulation results validate the analysis.
Plasma electrode Pockels cell for the National Ignition Facility (1999)

The National Ignition Facility (NIF), now under construction at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, will be the largest laser fusion facility ever built. The NIF laser architecture is based on a multi-pass power amplifier to reduce cost and maximize performance. A key component in this laser design is an optical switch that closes to trap the optical pulse in the cavity for four gain passes and then opens to divert the optical pulse out of the amplifier cavity. The switch is comprised of a Pockels cell and a polarizer and is unique because it handles a beam that is 40 cm x 40 cm square and allows close horizontal and vertical beam spacing. Conventional Pockels cells do not scale to such large apertures or the square shape required for close packing. Our switch is based on a Plasma-Electrode Pockels Cell (PEPC). In a PEPC, low-pressure helium discharges (l-2 kA) are formed on both sides of a thin slab of electro-optic material. Typically, we use KH2P04 crystals (KDP). The discharges form highly conductive, transparent sheets that allow uniform application of a high-voltage pulse (17 kV) across the crystal. A 37 cm x 37 cm PEPC has been in routine operation for two years on the 6 W Beamlet laser at LLNL. For the NIF, a module four apertures high by one wide (4x1) is required. However, this 4x1 mechanical module will be comprised electrically of a pair of 2x1 sub-modules. Last year (FY 97), we demonstrated full operation of a prototype 2x I PEPC. In this PEPC, the plasma spans two KDP crystals. A major advance in the 2x1 PEPC ovel the Beamlet PEPC is the use of anodized aluminum construction that still provides sufficient insulation to allow formation of the planar plasmas. In this paper, we discuss full 4x1 NIF prototypes.
First-Principles Studies of the Structural and Electronic Properties of the (Ga1-xZnx)(N1-xOx) Solid Solution Photocatalyst (2008)

Design of visible-light-driven photocatalytic materials has attracted intense interest in recent years in an attempt to enhance photonic efficiencies of hydrogen production via water splitting. Recent studies have shown that a solid solution of GaN and ZnO, (Ga1-xZnx)(N1-xOx), can oxidize water under visible light in the presence of a sacrificial electron acceptor. Here we present a systematic study of the structural and electronic properties of this (Ga1-xZnx)(N1-xOx) solid solution as a function of zinc (oxygen) concentration, x, using density-functional theory (DFT). The DFT+U approach has been adopted, and two different periodic supercells, the 16-atom (Ga8-nZnn)(N8-nOn) and 32-atom (Ga16-nZnn)(N16-nOn), have been used to model this solid solution. Results obtained from both supercells are in qualitative agreement with available experimental findings (in the lower concentration range x < 0.25), although overall the larger 32-atom supercell provides a better description of the (Ga1-xZnx)(N1-xOx) solid solution. Downward bowing of the band gap over the entire composition range has been observed for both supercells, and the minimum “experimental” band gap is estimated to be about 2.29 eV for the intermediate concentration x = 0.525. This suggests that the photocatalytic activity of this solid solution can be improved further by increasing its zinc (oxygen) concentration.
Smectic Liquid Crystal Observed in Thermotropic System of Rigid-Rod Poly(γ-octadecyl L-glutamate) (2002)

We investigated the thermotropic phase behavior of rigid-rod poly(γ-octadecyl L-glutamate) (PG18) with an average molecular weight Mw=36,000. Two polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn), PG18-A with Mw/Mn=1.12 and PG18-B with Mw/Mn=1.05, were prepared by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) fractionation. Both were found to form a smectic A phase by means of microscopic observations of the focal conic texture and by the small-angle X-ray method. The smectic A phase of PG18-A was transformed into a cholesteric phase at approximately 140–170°C while that of PG18-B stably existed in the entire thermotropic temperature range from 60°C to 220°C (decomposition temperature). This dependence of smectic stability on the molecular weight polydispersity qualitatively corresponds to the theoretical prediction based on the excluded volume effect.
A task allocation by priority strategy for RISC architecture supported with non-overlapped multiple register set: a complexity study (2002)

The overhead processing associated with the state-swapping operation for RISC (reduced instruction set computer)-based processors is found to be significant for some real-time multitasking applications. This large overhead processing can be reduced by supporting the RISC-based processor with a nonoverlapped multiple register set (NMRS) organization. Due to the fact that the number of tasks could be larger than the number of register sets in the NMRS-based processor, the allocation of tasks states to the NMRS based on a suitable strategy is essential. In the present work, the task states allocation to the NMR is investigated using a strategy based on the task priorities. The complexities of implementing such a strategy are evaluated for both dynamic and static systems. The advantages of such a strategy are highlighted.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A gene-based risk score for lung cancer susceptibility in smokers and ex-smokers (2009)

When numeric scores were assigned to both the SNP and demographic data, and sequentially combined by a simple algorithm in a risk model, the composite score was found to be linearly related to lung cancer risk with a bimodal distribution. Genetic data may therefore be combined with other risk variables from smokers or ex-smokers to identify individuals who are most susceptible to developing lung cancer.
Prostacyclin Does Not Influence Placental Blood Pool in vivo (1985)

In 20 healthy pregnant women placental blood pool was estimated by means of placental scintigrams before, during and after infusion of either prostacyclin (PGI2) or placebo for 10 min to study the effect of PGI2 on the local regulation of uterine blood flow. There was no difference in the mean number of counts between the PGI2- and the placebo-treated group. Therefore no effect of PGI2 on uteroplacental blood pool could be detected in healthy gravidae.
Influence of molecular weight on the structure and ageing behavior of quenched syndiotactic poly(propylene) (2002)

Four samples of syndiotactic poly(propylene) were synthesized by changing either the polymerization temperature or the catalytic system. Samples with different molecular weights were obtained, ranging between 27 000 and 826 000, whereas the fraction of syndiotactic pentads was found very near in the different samples, ranging between 88 and 91%. The polymer powders were quenched from the melt in an ice-water bath, extracted at room temperature and aged for 1 month. Changes in the structural organization during the ageing time at room temperature were followed by X-rays, transport properties and infrared analysis. The X-ray diffractograms showed that all the fresh samples crystallized in the disordered helical form I, containing also a fraction of chains in trans-planar conformation. The helical crystallinity was found very similar for all the samples, and a small increase of this parameter, not higher than 4–6%, was observed during the ageing time. At variance, the study of sorption of a vapor at low activity indicated the presence of an intermediate phase not crystalline, yet impermeable to the vapors, increasing during the ageing at room temperature. The fraction of the intermediate phase was very high in the lowest molecular weight sample, and decreased on increasing the molecular weight, reaching a constant value for molecular weights higher than 80 000. The analysis of the infrared spectra showed that the helical bands increase during the ageing, indicating that the intermediate phase is composed by very small and disordered helical crystals. The elastic modulus of each sample was measured soon after quenching and during the ageing. It was found a consistent increase of this parameter, not ascribable only to the small increase of crystallinity. The increase of the elastic modulus of all the samples was correlated to the increase of the intermediate phase derived by sorption, and a good dependence on this parameter was found. The absorbance of the helical bands at 810, 868, and 977 cm−1, as a function of the ageing time.
Characterization of a Liquid Fuel Injector under Continuous and Modulated Flow Conditions (1998)

The purpose of this work was to characterize the spray delivered by a modulated liquid fuel injector designed for active combustion control applications. A novel actuator is used to create a time-varying liquid fuel flow rate upstream of a commercially available injector. In order to be useful in existing burners, the actuator must not degrade the spray, by changing either the size or velocity distributions of the droplets produced by the injector. The amplitude of the induced modulations in flow rate must be strong enough to induce the required periodicity in heat release rate. This paper reports the results obtained from particle imaging velocimetry and phase Doppler anemometry used to characterize the spray, plus hot-film anemometry and pressure transducer measurements used to characterize the response of the fuel line to the induced flow rate fluctuations and to measure the excitation amplitude. It is found that the actuator response time is sufficiently rapid to modulate the liquid flow rate without changing the spray characteristics. Strong modulation of the flow rate is possible at low forcing frequencies, but the time-averaged flow rate is reduced. At higher forcing frequencies, the actuator response time cuts off, leading to a smaller amplitude flow rate modulation, and a relatively unchanged time-averaged fuel flow rate. For these reasons, this actuator is well suited to the control applications envisaged.
Production of hydrogen by electrocatalysis: making the H–H bond by combining protons and hydrides (2013)

Generation of hydrogen by reduction of two protons by two electrons can be catalysed by molecular electrocatalysts. Determination of the thermodynamic driving force for elimination of H2 from molecular complexes is important for the rational design of molecular electrocatalysts, and allows the design of metal complexes of abundant, inexpensive metals rather than precious metals ("Cheap Metals for Noble Tasks"). The rate of H2 evolution can be dramatically accelerated by incorporating pendant amines into diphosphine ligands. These pendant amines in the second coordination sphere function as protons relays, accelerating intramolecular and intermolecular proton transfer reactions. The thermodynamics of hydride transfer from metal hydrides and the acidity of protonated pendant amines (pK(a) of N-H) contribute to the thermodynamics of elimination of H2; both of the hydricity and acidity can be systematically varied by changing the substituents on the ligands. A series of Ni(II) electrocatalysts with pendant amines have been developed. In addition to the thermochemical considerations, the catalytic rate is strongly influenced by the ability to deliver protons to the correct location of the pendant amine. Protonation of the amine endo to the metal leads to the N-H being positioned appropriately to favor rapid heterocoupling with the M-H. Designing ligands that include proton relays that are properly positioned and thermodynamically tuned is a key principle for molecular electrocatalysts for H2 production as well as for other multi-proton, multi-electron reactions important for energy conversions.
Sulfamic Acid as a Cost‐Effective Catalyst Instead of Metal‐Containing Acids for Acetolysis of Cyclic Ethers. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
KONSTRUKTIVE UND MESSTECHNISCHE ENTWICKLUNG EINER NEUEN KRYOSONDE FÜR MINIMALINVASIVE ANWENDUNGEN UNTER MRT-KONTROLLE (2000)

Article KONSTRUKTIVE UND MESSTECHNISCHE ENTWICKLUNG EINER NEUEN KRYOSONDE FÜR MINIMALINVASIVE ANWENDUNGEN UNTER MRT-KONTROLLE was published on January 1, 2000 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 45, issue s1).
Taste Perception and Cerebral Activity in the Human Gustatory Cortex Induced by Glucose, Fructose, and Sucrose Solutions (2019)

Glucose, fructose, and sucrose are important carbohydrates in Western diets with particular sweetness intensity and metabolisms. No study has compared their cerebral detection and their taste perception. Gustatory evoked potentials (GEPs), taste detection thresholds, intensity perception, and pleasantness were compared in response to glucose, fructose, and sucrose solutions at similar sweetness intensities and at identical molar concentrations. Twenty-three healthy subjects were randomly stimulated with 3 solutions of similar sweetness intensity (0.75 M of glucose, 0.47 M of fructose and 0.29 M of sucrose - sit. A), and with an identical molar concentration (0.29 M - sit. B). GEPs were recorded at gustatory cortex areas. Intensity perception and hedonic values of each solution were evaluated as were gustatory thresholds of the solutions. No significant difference was observed concerning the GEP characteristics of the solutions according to their sweetness intensities (sit. A) or their molar concentration (sit. B). In sit. A, the 3 solutions were perceived to have similar intensities and induced similar hedonic sensations. In sit. B, the glucose solution was perceived to be less intense and pleasant than the fructose and the sucrose solutions (P < 0.001) and the fructose solution was perceived to be less intense and pleasant than the sucrose (P < 0.001). Since GEP recordings were similar for glucose, fructose, and sucrose solutions whatever the concentrations, activation of same taste receptor induces similar cortical activation, even when the solutions were perceived differently. Sweet taste perception seems to be encoded by a complex chemical cerebral neuronal network.
Using Sparse Crossbars within LUT Clusters (2001)

In FPGAs, the internal connections in a cluster of lookup tables (LUTs) are often fully-connected like a full crossbar. Such a high degree of connectivity makes routing easier, but has significant area overhead. This paper explores the use of sparse crossbars as a switch matrix inside the clusters between the cluster inputs and the LUT inputs. We have reduced the switch densities inside these matrices by 50% or more and saved from 10 to 18% in area with no degradation to critical-path delay. To compensate for the loss of routability, increased compute time and spare cluster inputs are required. Further investigation may yield modest area and delay reductions.
Development of a Mobile Motion Capture (MO2CA) System for Future Military Application (2019)

State-of-the-art three-dimensional motion analysis systems, which are utilized to predict, diagnose, and treat many musculoskeletal and neurological disorders, are expensive and space consuming. These systems have only been widely used in large research facilities because of their lack of this transportability. Since device portability is a critically important in the military, most small military hospitals are therefore deprived of these systems. The purpose of this study was to develop a mobile motion capture system, MO2CA, to automatically detect the movement of the human body. Twenty healthy young adults participated in this study. Colored tape was attached on the heel, and subjects walked on the treadmill at three different speeds: preferred, fast, and slow. Two motion capture systems were used concurrently: Qualisys (100 Hz) and MO2CA (60 Hz). Four dependent variables were: stride length, stride time, stride length variability, and stride time variability. Paired t-tests, Pearson correlation, and Bland-Altman plots were used to investigate the statistical differences between two systems. No significant differences were found for all dependent variables. Regression and Bland-Altman plots showed strong agreements between the two systems. Our MO2CA shows a potential for real-time tracking of biomechanical changes in gait, which is extremely important for military use.
From incompatible poly(aryl ether sulfone)/polyamide 4.6. blends to new impact resistant alloys by a synergistic combination of a block copolymer emulsifier and an impact modifier (1993)

Abstract The compatibilization and impact modification of blends of a relatively new engineering plastic polyamide 4.6 (PA 4.6) and a poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PSU) are investigated. PSU‐b‐PA6 block copolymers, which can be easily synthesized by ring opening polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactam in the presence of a commercial PSU, were found to be very efficient emulsifiers for these incompatible blends. Small amounts (1–4%) of copolymer are sufficient to significantly reduce the particle size and to improve the tensile and impact properties. Combinations of the copolymer and an impact modifier (ethylene‐propylene rubber grafted with maleic anhydride) are synergistic and high impact PSU/PA 4.6 alloys are obtained in that way.
Hierarchical Control System with Fuzzy Supervisory System and PID Controller and Application to Large-Scale Hydrogen Gas Purity Control (1999)

We present hierarchical control that combines conventional PID controllers and their supervisory fuzzy control designed based on human knowledge. Hierarchical control consists of 2 control function blocks, where we use (1) a statistical model using multiregression with an updating factor for the function block to estimate parameters of plant operations and (2) fuzzy logic for the control function block to compensate for operating conditions. Hierarchical control has been applied to hydrogen gas purity control in large-scale petroleum-refining plants. It has been verified that this control shows better performance than conventional human supervisory control and (1) reduces operator interaction, (2) cuts energy consumption, and (3) lowers CO 2 generation.