gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiple initiators and dyes for continuous Digital Light Processing (cDLP) additive manufacture of resorbable bone tissue engineering scaffolds (2014)

The formulation of resorbable polymer resins for light-based additive manufacturing of tissue engineered scaffolds goes beyond resin chemistry. There are at least four parameters that allow the transition from individual layer curing to 3D printing; they are: layer thickness, overcuring, step size, and inter-layer binding. Overcuring is the thickness of the layer minus step size. Overcuring distance limits surface feature resolution in the between-layer direction. Strength is an indication of crosslinking density and a function of inter-layer binding or ‘stitching’. 3D printed scaffolds must be sufficiently strong to endure cleaning of unpolymerised polymer from internal pore spaces without deforming. We report our study of the effect of exposure time on strength and layer thickness while holding step size constant. Increased overcuring dramatically increases scaffold strength. High resolution implants depend on sufficient energy from the light source and a well-tuned resin consisting of: polymer, initiator(s), and perhaps dye(s), solvent(s), and biologic(s).
Complex Roles of PsbS and Xanthophylls in the Regulation of Nonphotochemical Quenching in Arabidopsis thaliana under Fluctuating Light (2020)

Protection of photosystem II against damage from excess light by nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) includes responses on a wide range of timescales. The onset of the various phases of NPQ overlap in time making it difficult to discern if they influence each other or involve different photophysical mechanisms. To unravel the complex relationship of the known actors in NPQ, we perform fluorescence lifetime snapshot measurements throughout multiple cycles of alternating 2 min periods of high light and darkness. By comparing the data with an empirically based mathematical model that describes both fast and slow quenching responses, we suggest that the rapidly reversible quenching response depends on the state of the slower response. By studying a series of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> mutants, we find that removing zeaxanthin (Zea) or enhancing PsbS concentration, for example, influences the amplitudes of the slow quenching induction and recovery, but not the timescales. The plants' immediate response to high light appears independent of the illumination history, while PsbS and Zea have distinct roles in both quenching and recovery. We further identify two parameters in our model that predominately influence the recovery amplitude and propose that our approach may prove useful for screening new mutants or overexpressors with enhanced biomass yields under field conditions.
Satsmelodi och hjärnaktivitet – Enkelt prat under luppen (2010)

Vardagligt tal är i all sin enkelhet en mycket komplicerad process. Lyssnandet likaså. Att över huvudtaget hinna höra och förstå ord som forsar ur någons mun, är ett mindre under. Till synes enkla självklarheter i språket är resultatet av avancerade tolkningar, bedömningar och beslut. Här har mätningar av hjärnaktiviteten under lyssnandet visat sig rymma flera förklaringar till hur pratet når fram. En kunskap med många tillämpningar.
Exo-Glove: A Wearable Robot for the Hand with a Soft Tendon Routing System (2015)

Soft wearable robots are good alternatives to rigid-frame exoskeletons because they are compact and lightweight. This article describes a soft wearable hand robot called the Exo-Glove that uses a soft tendon routing system and an underactuation adaptive mechanism. The proposed system can be used to develop other types of soft wearable robots. The glove part of the system is compact and weighs 194 g. The results conducted using a healthy subject showed sufficient performance for the execution of daily life activities, namely a pinch force of 20 N, a wrap grasp force of 40 N, and a maximum grasped object size of 76 mm. The use of an underactuation mechanism enabled the grasping of objects of various shapes without active control. A subject suffering from paralysis of the hands due to a spinal cord injury was able to use the glove to grasp objects of various shapes.
Analysis of Railway Turnouts Induced Impact Noise Based on Acoustic Transfer Vector (2018)

A model for predicting the time characteristics of wheel-rail impact noise induced by railway turnout is developed based on acoustic transfer vector. First, a detailed finite element model of wheel is created to conduct the modal analysis to obtain the modal mass and modal shape. Further, employing the modal characteristics of the wheel and treating the rail as Timoshenko beam, a wheel-rail coupled dynamic model is then derived based on vehicle-track coupled dynamic theory, considering the wheel elasticity and nonlinear wheel-rail contact. The vibration velocities of the wheel and rail caused by the railway turnout are calculated in the time domain through wheel-rail dynamic simulation, and their frequency spectrums are obtained through fast Fourier transform (FFT). Meanwhile, the radiation noise frequency spectrums of the wheel and rail under a unit force are acquired using the acoustic transfer vector based on boundary element method. Finally, the frequency spectrum of sound pressure in acoustic field can be obtained through the combination of the frequency spectrums of the vibration velocities of wheel and rail due to the turnout, and the frequency spectrums of velocity admittances and radiation noise of the wheel and rail under a unit force, and also the time history of the sound pressure can be obtained by applying inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT). Results show that the proposed model can well simulate the wheel-rail interaction and vibration noise in the time domains.
TheAzorhizobium caulinodans nifAgene: identification of upstream-activating sequences including a new element, the ‘anaerobox’ (1988)

From nucleotide sequencing analyses, the A. caulinodans nifA gene seems to be under dual control by the Ntr (in response to available N) and Fnr (in response to available O2) transcriptional activation/repression systems. Because it fixes N2 in two contexts, the Ntr system might regulate A. caulinodans nif gene expression ex planta, while the Fnr system might similarly regulate in planta. As nifA upstream-activating elements, we have identified: (i) a gpNifA binding site allowing autogenous nifA regulation, (ii) an Ntr-dependent transcription start, presumably the target of gpNifA activation, and (iii) an "anaerobox" tetradecameric nucleotide sequence that is precisely conserved among O2 regulated enteric bacterial genes controlled by the gpFnr transcriptional activator. Because it is precisely positioned upstream of enteric bacterial transcriptional starts, the "anaerobox" sequence may constitute the gpFnr DNA binding site. If so, then a second, Ntr-independent nifA transcription start may exist. We have also deduced the A. caulinodans nifA open reading frame and have compared the gene product (gpNifA) with those of other N2-fixing organisms. These proteins exhibit strongly conserved motifs: (i) sites conserved among ATP-binding proteins, (ii) an interdomain linker region, and (iii) a C-terminal alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix DNA binding site.
A bibliography of thermophysical properties of argon from 0 to 300* K (1964)

A "bibliography of k^O references is presented for mechanical, thermodynamic, and transport properties of argon from to 300K. Each article has been reviewed and coded with regard to properties studied, type of article (i.e., experimental, theroretical, etc.), and method of presentation of the data. The temperature and pressure ranges for each property under consideration are also given. An index was prepared according
Flumazenil Mimics whereas Midazolam Abolishes Ischemic Preconditioning in a Rabbit Heart Model of Ischemia–Reperfusion (2006)

Flumazenil mimics preconditioning to decrease infarct size and hydroxyl radical production during reperfusion. Midazolam, however, abolishes these effects. Blockade of benzodiazepine receptors is upstream to the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive K channels in the preconditioning cascade.
Extracellular Bone Acidic Glycoprotein-75 Defines Condensed Mesenchyme Regions to be Mineralized and Localizes with Bone Sialoprotein during Intramembranous Bone Formation (2004)

Bone acidic glycoprotein-75 is expressed very early during in vivo models of intramembranous bone formation, highly enriched in condensing osteogenic mesenchyme after marrow ablation and the osteoprogenitor layer of tibial periosteum. Bone sialoprotein accumulates within bone acidic glycoprotein-75-enriched matrix areas at a later stage in both models. Decalcification of initial sites of mineralization consistently revealed focal immunostaining for bone acidic glycoprotein-75 underneath these sites suggesting that mineralization occurs within bone acidic glycoprotein-75-enriched matrix areas. Ultrastructural immunolocalization of bone acidic glycoprotein-75 does not support a direct association with banded collagen fibrils, but rather suggests it is a component of a separate, amorphous scaffold occupying interfibrillar spaces. Double immunogold labeling demonstrated that a sizeable proportion of bone sialoprotein particles were located within a 50-nm radius of bone acidic glycoprotein-75. These results define bone acidic glycoprotein-75 as the earliest bone-restricted, extracellular marker of osteogenic mesenchyme. Based on this early bone-restricted expression pattern and a previously documented propensity of bone acidic glycoprotein-75 to form supramolecular complexes through self-association, bone acidic glycoprotein-75 may serve a key structural role in setting boundary limits of condensing osteogenic mesenchyme.
An improved method for the diimide hydrogenation of butadiene and isoprene containing polymers (1992)

Abstract The hydrogenation of unsaturated polymers with diimide generated in‐situ by thermolysis of p ‐toluenesulfonyl hydrazide (TSH) is a commonly used method for preparing laboratory scale quantities of saturated diene based polymers. The by‐products from TSH, particularly p ‐toluenesulfinic acid, can attack at olefinic sites, adding p ‐tolylsulfone functionality and degrading polymer molecular weight. The addition of tri‐ n ‐propyl amine has been found to eliminate these side reactions in butadiene containing polymers and copolymers, enabling the preparation of polymers devoid of backbone unsaturation. No detectable sulfur‐containing impurities were indicated by IR, NMR, or elemental analysis, and no chain degradation was observed via GPC analysis of the hydrogenated polymers. cis ‐Polybutadiene and butadiene containing random and block copolymers with styrene were hydrogenated cleanly using this technique. A ratio of 2 mol TSH and 2 mol amine/mol of olefin was necessary to assure &gt; 99% hydrogenation, and a w/v ratio of 2 parts butadiene/100 parts o ‐xylene gave the most efficient hydrogenation. Polymers prepared from isoprene were only partially hydrogenated when treated with TSH in the presence of tri‐ n ‐propyl amine, and gave evidence of slight degradation of the polymer structure.
Challenging issues in multimedia transmission over wireless networks based on network coding (2012)

To meet increasing throughput, delay and reliability demands, future wireless networks will have to rely on increased cooperation both among nodes and among protocol layers in a node. This requires a wide variety of knowledge, from theoretical issues such as graph theory or information theory, to issues at the physical and network layers. A potential solution is the recently proposed network coding because it offers a number of desired properties such as resource efficiency, robustness and security. This paper focuses on two research directions for multimedia transmission over wireless networks based on network coding: (i) source-aware network coding and (ii) physical-layer network coding. These directions follow the cross-layer framework in designing the communication protocol stack. Challenging issues which are related to the practical design of network-coding enabled wireless networks are addressed and discussed.
Effects of Vitrectomy and Lensectomy on Older Rhesus Macaques: Oxygen Distribution, Antioxidant Status, and Aqueous Humor Dynamics (2017)

Oxygen distribution in the older rhesus monkey is similar to humans at baseline and following surgical interventions. Our findings of histopathologic changes of TM oxidative damage and alterations in the oxidant-antioxidant balance suggest a potential correlation of increased oxygen exposure with oxidative stress/damage and the development of open angle glaucoma.
Gene Cloning, Purification, and Characterization of a Cold-Adapted Lipase Produced by Acinetobacter baumannii BD5 (2009)

Acinetobacter baumannii BD5 was isolated from waters of Baek-du mountain, and the lipase gene was cloned using a PCR technique. The deduced amino acid sequence of the lipase and lipase chaperone were found to encode proteins of 325 aa and 344 aa with a molecular mass of 35 kDa and 37 kDa, respectively. The lipase gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (trxB) as an inclusion body, which was subsequently solubilized by urea, and then purified using Ni-affinity chromatography. After being purified, the lipase was refolded by incubation at 4oC in the presence of a 1:10 molar ratio of lipase:chaperone. The maximal activity of the refolded lipase was observed at a temperature of 35 degrees and pH 8.3 when p-NP caprate (C10) was used as a substrate; however, 28% of the activity observed at 35 degrees was still remaining at 0 degrees . The stability of the purified enzyme at low temperatures indicates that it is a cold-adapted enzyme. The refolded lipase was activated by Ca2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+, whereas Zn2+ and Cu2+ inhibited it. Additionally, 0.1% Tween 20 increased the lipase activity by 33%, but SDS and Triton X-100 inhibited the lipase activity by 40% and 70%, respectively.
Measuring the Recoverability of Close Binaries in Gaia DR2 with the Robo-AO Kepler Survey (2018)

Abstract We use the Robo-AO survey of Kepler planetary candidate host stars, the largest adaptive optics survey yet performed, to measure the recovery rate of close stellar binaries in Gaia DR2. We find that Gaia recovers binaries down to 1″ at magnitude contrasts as large as six; closer systems are not resolved, regardless of secondary brightness. Gaia DR2 binary detection does not have a strong dependence on the orientation of the stellar pairs. We find 177 nearby stars to Kepler planetary candidate host stars in Gaia DR2 that were not detected in the Robo-AO survey, almost all of which are faint ( G &gt; 20); the remainder were largely targets observed by Robo-AO in poor conditions. If the primary star is the host, the impact on the radii estimates of planet candidates in these systems is likely minimal; many of these faint stars, however, could be faint eclipsing binaries that are the source of a false positive planetary transit signal. With Robo-AO and Gaia combined, we find that 18.7 ± 0.7% of Kepler planet candidate hosts have nearby stars within 4″. We also find 36 nearby stars in Gaia DR2 around 35 planetary candidate host stars detected with K2 . The nearby star fraction rate for K2 planetary candidates is significantly lower than that for the primary Kepler mission. The binary recovery rate of Gaia will improve initial radius estimates of future Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite planet candidates significantly; however, ground-based high-resolution follow-up observations are still needed for precise characterization and confirmation. The sensitivity of Gaia to closely separated binaries is expected to improve in later data releases.
Nonlinear modeling and identification of a dc-motor with friction and cogging (2013)

In the presented work a nonlinear, analytic model of a permanent magnet direct current motors with brushes is proposed. Besides the theoretical modeling an automated identification algorithm for this detailed model is deduced. The resulting model includes the electromechanic and electromagnetic effects of the direct current machine, like voltage induction or motor torque, and additional nonlinear phenomena. These nonlinearities include cogging torque, eddy current, hysteresis losses and tribological aspects. The cogging torque is caused by a variation of the magnetic flux density, which manifests itself as a periodic oscillation in the torque curve. In addition, eddy current and hysteresis losses arise by the commutation of the magnetic field in the armature, are also captured by the motor model. The tribological aspects of all friction regimes are modeled utilizing the elasto-plastic friction model. This model can reflect the linear spring damper behavior of the elastic friction domain as well as velocity depending friction behavior of the plastic friction domain. The parameters are separately identified through specific experiments referring to their physical equivalents. Therefore, two testing benches are developed in order to capture the different effects in the direct current motor.
Individual packet deadline delay constrained opportunistic scheduling for large multiuser systems (2014)

This work addresses opportunistic distributed multiuser scheduling in the presence of a fixed packet deadline delay constraint. A threshold-based scheduling scheme is proposed which uses the instantaneous channel gain and buffering time of the individual packets to schedule a group of users simultaneously in order to minimize the average system energy consumption while fulfilling the deadline delay constraint for every packet. The multiuser environment is modeled as a continuum of interference such that the optimization can be performed for each buffered packet separately by using a Markov chain where the states represent the waiting time of each buffered packet. We analyze the proposed scheme in the large user limit and demonstrate the delay-energy trade-off exhibited by the scheme. We show that the multiuser scheduling can be broken into a packet-based scheduling problem in the large user limit and the packet scheduling decisions are independent of the deadline delay distribution of the packets.
Functionalized Amphiphilic Hyperbranched Polymers for Targeted Drug Delivery (2008)

Amphiphilic hyperbranched core-shell polymers with folate moieties as the targeting groups were synthesized and characterized. The core of the amphiphilic polymers was hyperbranched aliphatic polyester Boltorn H40. The inner part and the outer shell of the amphiphilic polymers were composed of hydrophobic poly(epsilon-caprolactone) segments and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segments, respectively. To achieve tumor cell targeting property, folic acid was further incorporated to the surface of the amphiphilic polymers via a coupling reaction between the hydroxyl group of the PEG segment and the carboxyl group of folic acid. The polymers were characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and combined size-exclusion chromatography and multiangle laser light scattering analysis. The nanoparticles of the amphiphilic polymers prepared by dialysis method were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analysis. Two antineoplastic drugs, 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel, were encapsulated into the nanoparticles. The drug release property and the targeting of the drug-loaded nanoparticles to different cells were evaluated in vitro. The results showed the drug-loaded nanoparticles exhibited enhanced cell inhibition because folate targeting increased the cytotoxicity of drug-loaded nanoparticles against folate receptor expressing tumor cells.
Differential Effects of Deep Sedation with Propofol on the Specific and Nonspecific Thalamocortical Systems (2012)

Propofol conferred differential changes in functional connectivity of the specific and nonspecific thalamocortical systems, particularly in left hemisphere, consistent with the verbal nature of stimuli and task. The changes in nonspecific thalamocortical connectivity may correlate with the loss and return of consciousness.
Sphingolipids as Coenzymes in Anion Transfer and Tumor Death (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Position-independent and copy-number-related expression of a goat bacterial artificial chromosome α-lactalbumin gene in transgenic mice (1999)

A bacterial artificial chromosome goat insert comprising the alpha-lactalbumin-encoding transcription unit with approximately 150 and 10 kb of 5'- and 3'-flanking sequences, respectively, was micro-injected into mouse eggs. In six out of seven transgenic lines, the level of mammary tissue- and stage-specific expression was position-independent and copy-number-dependent. The exogenous alpha-lactalbumin yield, about 0.8 mg/ml of milk per copy, compared favourably with the alpha-lactalbumin content of mouse and goat milks, about 0.8 and >1 mg/ml, respectively. This suggests that the insert contains most if not all of the cis-acting elements involved in the full and specific expression of the goat alpha-lactalbumin gene and opens up opportunities to use this vector to target expression of foreign genes in the lactating mammary gland of transgenic animals. The transgene was silent in the seventh line for an unknown reason.
Generation of pronounced Fano resonances and tuning of subwavelength spatial light distribution in plasmonic pentamers (2011)

Arrays of plasmonic pentamers consisting of five metallic nano-disks were designed and fabricated to achieve a pronounced Fano Resonance with polarization-independent far-field spectral response at normal incidence due to the structure symmetry of pentamers. A mass-spring coupled oscillator model was applied to study plasmon interactions among the nano-disks. It was found that the direction of the excitation light polarization can flexibly tune the spatial localization of near-field energy at sub-wavelength scales while the collective optical properties are kept constant. It can lead to a selective storage of excited energy down to sub-20 nm gap at a normal incident with a single light source.
Production of N-Succinyl-L-diaminopimelic Acid by Auxotrophic Mutants of Aerobacter aerogenes and Serratia marcescens (1970)

α,ε-Diaminopimelic acid (DAP)-requiring mutants isolated from Aerobacter aerogenes ATCC 8308 and Serratia marcescens ATCC 19180 were found to accumulate N-succinyl-l-diaminopimelic acid (SDAP) which was an intermediate in the biosynthesis of lysine in Escherichia coli. SDAP was isolated from the culture broth and identified by the behavior in paper chromatography, melting point, elementary analysis, infrared spectrum, and optical rotation. The culture conditions for SDAP production by A. aerogenes KY 7049 (DAP−) and S. marcescens KY 8921 (DAP−/Lys−) were investigated. A. aerogenes KY 7049 has an absolute requirement for DAP together with a relative requirement for l-lysine. High levels of DAP (2000~4000 μg/ml) were proved to be favorable for SDAP accumulation, while if lysine along with DAP was added to the fermentation medium, optimal level of DAP for SDAP production was relatively low (about 200 μg/ml at 200 μg/ml of lysine). A variety of compounds which may conceivably affect the course of a fermentation process, i.e., carbon source, inorganic nitrogen source, amino acids, vitamines, precursors, were screened at optimal levels of lysine and DAP. Thus, the amount of SDAP accumulation reached a level of 19.9 mg/ml with the medium containing 10% glucose and 2000 μg/ml of DAP. S. marcescens KY 8921 requires either DAP or lysine for growth. Optimal level of DAP and lysine for SDAP accumulation was 50~100μg/ml.
[Revision of infected total hip prostheses by ablation reimplantation of an uncemented prosthesis. 57 case reports]. (1999)

It is quite difficult to find a hard and fast rule in infected prosthesis treatment, because many factors can influence results. The proposed procedure seems reliable, even if antibiotherapy is long and hard, but requires a strong collaboration between bacteriologist infectiologist and surgeon.