gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Helicopter control system synthesis by multibody multidisciplinary analysis (2002)

The paper presents a procedure for the synthesis of a rotorcraft aero-servo-elastic model, applied to the control system of a medium-weight helicopter tail rotor.
Effects of Zn- and S-Doping on Kinetics of GaAs Selective Area MOVPE (2007)

The effects of Zn- and S-doping on surface reaction kinetics of GaAs selective area MOVPE have been examined at 650degC. The surface reaction rate constant of GaAs was extracted at various dopant input pressure and different mask width. The dopant atomic concentration in the epilayer was measured as functions of growth rate and mask pattern. These results show strong dependency on the doping behavior and thermodynamics.
Live-attenuated H1N1 influenza vaccine candidate displays potent efficacy in mice and ferrets (2019)

Currently, influenza vaccine manufacturers need to produce 1-5 x 107 PFU of each vaccine strain to fill one dose of the current live-attenuated-influenza-vaccine (LAIV). To make a single dose of inactivated vaccine (15 ug of each hemagglutinin), the equivalent of 1010 PFU of each vaccine strains need to be grown. This high dose requirement is a major drawback for manufacturing as well as rapidly sourcing sufficient doses during a pandemic. Using our computer-aided vaccine platform Synthetic Attenuated Virus Engineering (SAVE), we created a vaccine candidate against pandemic H1N1 A/CA/07/2009 (CodaVax-H1N1) with robust efficacy in mice and ferrets, and is protective at a much lower dose than the current LAIV. CodaVax-H1N1 is currently in Phase I/II clinical trials. The hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) gene segments of A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) (CA07) were "de-optimized" and a LAIV was generated ex silico using DNA synthesis. In DBA/2 mice, vaccination at a very low dose (100 or approximately 1 PFU) with CodaVax-H1N1 prevented disease after lethal challenge with wild-type H1N1. In BALB/c mice, as little as 103 PFU was protective against lethal challenge with mouse-adapted H1N1. In ferrets, CodaVax-H1N1 was more potent compared to currently licensed LAIV and still effective at a low dose of 103 PFU at preventing replication of challenge virus.
Compact wide-band baluns for active electronically scanned array antennas (2013)

Baluns are an essential item in the feed structure of many antenna elements requiring a balanced input. They may be trivial structures such as simple lengths of co-axial line or a `sleeve', but when required to function over a broad bandwidth, at significant power, well matched and with minimal losses, within the element pitch of an electronically scanned array, the task of designing such a device can become complex. The development of a broad band balun for an Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) based on Highly Coupled Dipole (HCD) elements is described. The immersed element was designed to function over two octaves or a 4:1 impedance bandwidth, (covering either the 2.7-10.8GHz or 4.5-18GHz frequency range) at the 2:1 VSWR level, and hence a broad-band balun with at least this bandwidth was required.
Etude des relations entre la dynamique de prélèvement d'azote et la dynamique de croissance en matière sèche d'un peuplement de luzerne (Medicago sativa L.) (1985)

Nous avons appliqu un peuplement de luzerne un modle d'analyse de la dynamique de prlvement d'azote en fonction de la croissance en matire sche pralablement mis au point sur des couverts de gramines fourra- gres. Une relation allomtrique entre l'azote prlev et la matire sche accumule au cours des diffrentes repousses peut tre propose. Cette relation est lgrement diffrente entre la pousse de printemps et les repousses estiva- les. Cependant, pour chaque numro de repousse, on obtient une relation identique quels que soient le lieu, l'anne et le gnotype considrs. L'accumulation de l'azote dans les feuilles et dans les tiges a t suivie lors de la pousse de printemps et des dif- frentes repousses estivales. On a pu montrer que la consommation d'azote par les feuilles tait indpendante du numro de la repousse tandis que celle des tiges diminuait du printemps l't. Pour prendre en compte le comportement diffrent de ces deux organes, l'volution du rapport feuilles/tiges en cours de repousse a t exprime en fonction de la biomasse arienne totale. Ainsi les diffrences de prlvements d'azote entre la pousse de printemps et les repousses d't se trouvent expliques par une volution diffrente du rapport feuilles/tiges. Des possibilits de prvision de l'volution de la qualit fourragre de la luzerne (teneur en protines, rapport feuilles/tiges) par l'utilisation des relations proposes sont voques. Pour que ces prvisions soient oprationnelles, une estimation de la production de matire sche est ncessaire.
Measuring nasal bacterial load and its association with otitis media (2006)

Nasal bacterial load was significantly higher among Aboriginal children and may explain their increased risk of suppurative OM. It was also positively correlated with ear state. We believe that a reduction in bacterial load in high-risk populations may be required before dramatic reductions in OM can be achieved.
Endothelial Progenitor Cells Possess Monocyte-like Antigen-presenting and T-cell-Co-stimulatory Capacity (2009)

Although EPC exhibit endothelial-like surface markers, functional characteristics place these cells in a monocytic lineage. EPC also display antigen-presenting capacity similar to monocytes and much stronger than human vascular EC. Significant T-cell-activating potential will have to be expected from EPC when potentially used therapeutically, especially in allogenic transplant settings.
ChemInform Abstract: NITROXIDE 2. MITT. RK. VON BIS‐(TRIFLUORMETHYL)‐NITROXID MIT ALKANEN UND ALKENEN, DEHYDRIERUNG VON ALKANEN ZU ALKENEN DURCH FREIE RADIKALE (1971)

Abstract Isobutan (I) reagiert mit dem Nitroxid (II) bei Raumtemperatur in 15 Min. unter H‐Abspaltung zu den Aminooxyalkanen (III) [39% Ausbeute bezogen auf (I)] und (IV) (51%).
One hundred fold increase in current carrying capacity in a carbon nanotube–copper composite (2013)

Increased portability, versatility and ubiquity of electronics devices are a result of their progressive miniaturization, requiring current flow through narrow channels. Present-day devices operate close to the maximum current-carrying-capacity (that is, ampacity) of conductors (such as copper and gold), leading to decreased lifetime and performance, creating demand for new conductors with higher ampacity. Ampacity represents the maximum current-carrying capacity of the object that depends both on the structure and material. Here we report a carbon nanotube-copper composite exhibiting similar conductivity (2.3-4.7 × 10(5) S cm(-1)) as copper (5.8 × 10(5) S cm(-1)), but with a 100-times higher ampacity (6 × 10(8) A cm(-2)). Vacuum experiments demonstrate that carbon nanotubes suppress the primary failure pathways in copper as observed by the increased copper diffusion activation energy (~2.0 eV) in carbon nanotube-copper composite, explaining its higher ampacity. This is the only material with both high conductivity and high ampacity, making it uniquely suited for applications in microscale electronics and inverters.
Structure and properties of copper-(II) and -(I) complexes with 2,6-bis[2-(thiophen-2-ylmethylimino)ethyl]pyridine (1995)

Positive-ion FAB mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis, EPR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis have revealed the structure of the copper(II) complex of 1 : 2 (Cu : L) stoichiometry obtained by mixing in methanol 1 equivalent of Cu(ClO4)2·6H2O and 1 equivalent of 2,6-bis[2-(thiophen-2-ylmethylimino)ethyl]pyridine (L). The copper(II) ion is co-ordinated to six nitrogen atoms in an octahedral arrangement not involving the thiophene S atoms. The planes of the two trans pyridine subunits are perpendicular (94°); the Cu–N bond distances are 1.924 and 1.983 Å for the pyridine, 2.098, 2.118 and 2.284, 2.330 Å for the imine indicating slight distortion in the structure. Cyclic voltammetry in acetonitrile showed reversible behaviour for the [CuIIL2]2+-[CuIL2]+ couple, and the redox potential E was –0.61 V vs. 10 mmol dm–3 Ag–Ag+ in MeCN. Spectroscopic investigation of acetonitrile solutions having a 1 : 1 Cu : L molar ratio indicated the formation of species with 1 : 1 overall stoichiometry. The electrochemical measurements revealed that these complexes decompose during the electron transfer leading to the [CuIIL2]2+–[CuIL2]+ redox process.
TUMOR DE CELULAS DE LA GRANULOSA DEL OVARIO (2017)

Se comunican 10 casos de tumor de células de la granulosa diagnósticados y/o tratados en nuestra Institución entre 1991 y 2002. Se revisa la forma de presentación, tipo cirugía, utilidad de la biopsia rápida, histología, distribución por etapas, el tipo de tratamiento y seguimiento posterior. El 70% de los casos se presentó en etapa I. En 4 de 5 casos en que se realizó biopsia contemporánea (80%), hubo concordancia con el informe definitivo. La modalidad terapéutica predominante en etapa temprana fue la cirugía (anexectomía en pacientes con deseo de paridad e histerectomia total más anexectomía bilateral en aquellas con paridad cumplida). En pacientes jóvenes diagnosticadas después de la cirugía inicial privilegiamos la reexploración para completar la etapificación. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 38 meses (12-140 meses). Solo hubo una recurrencia, en ganglios periaórticos, y fue tratada con bloqueo hormonal y quimioterapia. Concluimos que el tumor de la granulosa es una entidad poco frecuente, con diferentes formas de presentación clínica pero de buen pronóstico cuando se presenta en etapa temprana (etapa I) y se trata con cirugía sola<br>We report 10 patients with granulosa cell tumor of the ovary diagnosed and/or treated at our institution between 1991 and 2002. A review of the clinical presentation, the surgical approach, the utility of frozen-section biopsy, the histology and the stage of the disease, treatment modalities, and follow-up is done. Eighty percent of the patients were stage I. Four out of five patients whose frozen-section biopsies were done, the diagnosis was confirmed at the definitive report. At early stage, surgery was the main modality of treatment (unilateral salpingo-ophorectomy in patients who wanted to preserve fertility and bilateral salpingo-ophorectomy plus total abdominal hysterectomy who did not). Young patients who were diagnosed after initial surgery underwent complete surgical staging. The median follow-up was 38 months (range 12 to 140 months). Only one recurrence was diagnosed, at the periaortic lymph nodes, and treated with hormone therapy plus chemotherapy. We conclude that the granulosa cell tumor is an uncommon entity with different clinical presentations and with good prognosis when diagnosed at early stage (stage I) and treated with surgery alone
Expression and functional characterization of galectins in human colorectal cancer (2010)

Galectins are a family of proteins defined by shared consensus amino acid&#13;\nsequence and affinity for β-galactose-containing oligosaccharides. These proteins have&#13;\nbeen associated with various biological processes, such as cell adhesion, proliferation,&#13;\nsignaling, differentiation and apoptosis. Recently, galectins have gained increasing&#13;\nimportance in the field of cancers; however, their expression or function in the&#13;\ndevelopment of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Thus, a comprehensive&#13;\nanalysis of key galectins in CRC was carried out and the results obtained constitute a&#13;\npart of this thesis. Briefly, the human colon biopsies and tissue microarrays containing&#13;\na gradient of pathology were analyzed for galectins expression. Utilizing a variety of&#13;\nCRC cell lines and molecular biological procedures, the functions of different&#13;\ngalectins including cell proliferation, migration, motility, cell cycle and apoptosis were&#13;\ncharacterized.&#13;\nResults presented in the foregoing chapters, in general, indicate that galectins,&#13;\nwhich are expressed in the normal crypt epithelia, were significantly down-regulated&#13;\nduring CRC progression. All of these galectins negatively regulated various signaling&#13;\npathways, leading to decreased cell proliferation, motility and migration, and induced&#13;\ncell cycle arrest. Notably, re-expression of galectins promoted apoptosis through&#13;\nactivation of caspases and modulation of mitochondrial membrane potential.&#13;\nThis study demonstrates that loss of galectins is a common and specific event&#13;\nin CRC. Through their ability to participate and down-regulate the functions of a variety of signaling pathways, galectins reveal themselves as key proteins in the&#13;\ndevelopment and progression of CRC. These findings demonstrate that galectins are&#13;\nimportant molecules with tumor suppressor like properties; therefore, their upregulation&#13;\nthrough pharmacological agents will prove to be valuable in the prevention&#13;\nand control of CRC.
Structural studies of water in hydrophilic and hydrophobic mesoporous silicas: An x-ray and neutron diffraction study at 297 K (2011)

Water confined in a sol-gel network has been characterized by x-ray and neutron diffraction for two samples of mesoporous silica: one with a hydrophilic character (a nonmodified one) and another with a hydrophobic character (a modified one with a methylated internal pore surface). The pore size has been previously characterized [J. Jelassi et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 134, 1039 (2010)] to have a mean pore diameter of approximately 55 Å. The diffraction measurements presented in this paper have been made at room temperature [293 K] for a filling factor of 0.45, giving a mean thickness of 8-9 Å for the water layer. The results show that the local order of the confined water molecules in the intermediate region of 3-6 Å is significantly different from that of the bulk water and also for the two different environments. For the hydrophilic sample, the siloxyl groups at the surface modify the water structure through the effects of interfacial hydrogen-bonding, which influences the orientational configuration of local water molecules and creates a modified spatial arrangement in the pore. In the case of the hydrophobic sample, there is no specific interaction with the pore wall, which is primarily van der Waals type, and the water molecules at the interface are differently oriented to create a hydrogen-bonded network linked more directly to the rest of the water volume. In the present circumstances, the thickness of the water layer has a relatively small dimension so that the interpretation of the measured diffraction pattern is not as straightforward as for the bulk liquids, and it is necessary to consider the effects of diffraction-broadening from a distributed sample volume and also the contribution from cross-terms that remain after conducting a "wet-minus-dry" analysis procedure. These analytic difficulties are discussed in the context of the present measurements and compared with the work of other groups engaged in the study of water confined in different environments. The present results, again, emphasize the complexity influencing the properties of water in a confined geometry and the strong influence of surface interactions on its behavior.
Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Mice: Treatment with a New Triazole SCH39304 (1990)

The triazole SCH39304 was compared with amphotericin B and fluconazole for the treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis in corticoid-immunosuppressed mice intranasally challenged with 5 x 10(6) conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus. In vitro, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for fluconazole was greater than 80 micrograms/ml, for SCH39304 40 micrograms/ml, and for amphotericin B 0.29 micrograms/ml. Beginning 1 day after challenge, groups of 10 mice were treated orally, twice daily, for 15 days with Noble agar (control), SCH39304, fluconazole, or amphotericin B at various doses. For lung tissue counts of A. fumigatus, mice were similarly challenged and treated only for 5 days with SCH39304, fluconazole, or amphotericin B. Only SCH39304 significantly reduced the number of A. fumigatus in the lung. SCH39304 at doses of 5 mg/kg or higher significantly prolonged the survival of mice, as did amphotericin B at 3 mg/kg. Fluconazole did not significantly prolong survival at doses of 15 or 30 mg/kg. SCH39304 appears to be as effective as amphotericin B in murine pulmonary aspergillosis and warrants further evaluation for aspergillosis in humans.
Multimodal Unsupervised Speech Translation for Recognizing and Evaluating Second Language Speech (2021)

This paper addresses an automatic proficiency evaluation and speech recognition for second language (L2) speech. The proposed method recognizes the speech uttered by the L2 speaker, measures a variety of fluency scores, and evaluates the proficiency of the speaker’s spoken English. Stress and rhythm scores are one of the important factors used to evaluate fluency in spoken English and are computed by comparing the stress patterns and the rhythm distributions to those of native speakers. In order to compute the stress and rhythm scores even when the phonemic sequence of the L2 speaker’s English sentence is different from the native speaker’s one, we align the phonemic sequences based on a dynamic time-warping approach. We also improve the performance of the speech recognition system for non-native speakers and compute fluency features more accurately by augmenting the non-native training dataset and training an acoustic model with the augmented dataset. In this work, we augment the non-native speech by converting some speech signal characteristics (style) while preserving its linguistic information. The proposed variational autoencoder (VAE)-based speech conversion network trains the conversion model by decomposing the spectral features of the speech into a speaker-invariant content factor and a speaker-specific style factor to estimate diverse and robust speech styles. Experimental results show that the proposed method effectively measures the fluency scores and generates diverse output signals. Also, in the proficiency evaluation and speech recognition tests, the proposed method improves the proficiency score performance and speech recognition accuracy for all proficiency areas compared to a method employing conventional acoustic models.
Once-daily tiotropium Respimat add-on to at least ICS maintenance therapy reduces exacerbation risk in patients with uncontrolled symptomatic asthma (2015)

Background: A reduction in asthma exacerbation risk may provide improvements in clinical burden, patient experience and healthcare costs. In Phase III trials, once-daily tiotropium Respimat (tioR) add-on to at least ICS improved lung function in symptomatic asthma patients. We investigated exacerbation risk in each trial.
Third Harmonic Dispersion Studies of Centrosymmetric and Noncentrosymmetric Squaraines (1995)

Third harmonic dispersion was measured in centrosymmetric and noncentrosymmetric squaraine molecular solutions. A large contribution to the third order nonlinearity from the 1Bu to 2Ag state was revealed. Contributions from ground and excited state dipole moments in ostensibly centrosymmetric and noncentrosymmetric dyes were observed.
Magnetic resonance imaging-guided lumbar nerve root infiltrations: optimization of an in-house protocol (2021)

This technical note describes the optimization of the procedure in a 3 T magnetic field, including reported procedure time and an assessment of targeting precision.
Versatile fabrication of aligned SnO2nanotube arrays by using various ZnO arrays as sacrificial templates (2008)

In this paper, we describe an effective two-step method for fabricating aligned SnO2nanotube arrays by using various pre-synthesized ZnO nanorod arrays as sacrificial templates. The composition and structure of as-synthesized SnO2nanotube arrays were analyzed in detail by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Because there is a special epitaxial relation between the SnO2 walls and ZnO templates, the walls building the SnO2nanotubes are highly orientated and nearly single-crystalline. Our present study provides an opportunity to investigate related physical and chemical properties and potential applications of such aligned SnO2nanotubes with nearly single-crystalline nature.
Branch-directed and stride-based data cache prefetching (2002)

Cache memories are commonly used to reduce the performance gap between microprocessor and memory technology. To increase the chances that a cache can provide instructions and data when requested, prefetching can be employed. Prefetching attempts to prime the cache with instructions and data which will be accessed in the near future. The work presented describes a prefetching algorithm which ties data cache prefetching to branches in the instruction stream. History of the data references is incorporated into a branch target buffer (BTB). Since branch instructions determine which instruction path is followed data access patterns are also dependent upon branch behavior. Results indicate that combining this strategy with tagged prefetching can significantly improve cache hit ratios. While improving cache hit rates is important, our prefetching policy significantly reduces the overall memory bus traffic.
Determination ofHER2Amplification by In Situ Hybridization (2008)

Our purpose was to determine the accuracy of diagnosis of HER2 amplification by analysis of HER2 copy number. HER2 and chromosome 17 were measured by dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization in breast cancer samples. At a HER2 copy number of 2 to less than 3, 16 (3.3%) of 488 cases had HER2 amplification; and at a copy number of 3 to less than 4, 32 (16.4%) of 195 cases were amplified. The proportion of cases with HER2 amplification increased considerably at HER2 copy numbers of 4 to less than 7: 50.0% at 4 to less than 5; 67.5% at 5 to less than 6, and 77.3% at 6 to less than 7. Virtually all cases were amplified at HER2 copy numbers of 7 or more. We recommend that all breast cancer cases with a HER2 copy number of 2 to 7 determined by single-color in situ hybridization should also be analyzed for chromosome 17 to obtain a more accurate diagnosis of HER2 amplification.
Comparison of ocular prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors. (1976)

A comparative study was carried out of the inhibitory effect of 14 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compounds, administered topically, on the intraocular pressure and aqueous humor protein elevation induced by arachidonic acid in rabbits. The most effective agents were flurbiprofen solution and suspensions of indoxole (polysorbate-dispersed), meclofenamic acid, indomethacin, and clonixin.
Optical Properties of Dye Molecules Adsorbed on Single Gold and Silver Nanoparticles (2002)

Despite the well-known relationship between the resonance Raman excitation profile and the absorption line shape, there is scant experimental evidence for effects in absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy related to the observations of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). On the other hand, numerous Raman studies have been done on the SERS phenomenon, where large enhancement factors have been determined. In this work, the absorption properties of molecules adsorbed on single gold and silver nanoparticles (monomers) have been investigated, with particular emphasis on an examination of the effect on the spectrum of the adsorbate. A number of the adsorbates studied are similar to those reported in SERS studies. The adsorbates can be divided into two classes according to the nature of the interaction with the adsorbent. Class I shows little change in the absorption spectrum. Class II shows a large reduction in absorption. The only examples of an increase in absorption arise from solvatochromic effects. The implication of these observations for the mechanism of SERS is discussed.