gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-temperature fabrication of Bi25FeO40/rGO nanocomposites with efficient photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation (2017)

Bismuth ferrite/reduced graphene oxide (Bi<sub>25</sub>FeO<sub>40</sub>/rGO) nanocomposites have been synthesized by a hydrothermal method, followed by a simple room temperature liquid phase process.
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Breast Cancer Prevention (2000)

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer diagnosed in American and Northern European women, and the number one cause of cancer-related death in nonsmokers (1, 2). Although a reduction in the mortality caused by this disease has been observed in the United States during the past few years, the incidence of BC is progressively and steadily increasing in most Western countries, and in societies that are becoming westernized (3–5). Although the reasons for this increase are uncertain, epidemiological and clinical evidence indicates that endocrinological and reproductive influences play major roles in this phenomenon. It has long been known that the incidence of BC is greater in nulliparous than in parous women (5–7). Changes in lifestyle, which in turn influence the endocrinology of women, have been observed during recent decades in American women, namely, a progressive decrease in the age of menarche (5) and a progressive increase in the age at which a woman bears her first child (6).
It's Time to Stop Kicking People Out of Addiction Treatment. (2005)

Interventions by professional helpers that are later recognized as ineffective or even harmful have a long and colorful history. Some of the most widely practiced of such interventions have left later generations pondering, "What on earth were they thinking?" Lectures on the history of addiction treatment stir feelings of enlightened condescension amidst tales of treating morphine addiction with cocaine and other such idiocies, but occasionally a conference attendee asks the tough question: "How will the current era of addiction treatment be judged in the future?" And, of course, that is the rub, because it is so difficult to clearly see our own professional miscues and mistakes without the benefit of historical hindsight. This essay explores one practice-administratively discharging clients from addiction treatment-that we suspect will be judged harshly by historians of the not so distant future.
GENETIC LINKAGE BETWEEN SEROGROUP SPECIFICITY AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (1982)

In previous works statistically significant differences were demonstrated in antibiotic susceptibility between gonococcal strains of the recently described W serogroups, W I, W II and W III, respectively. Strains of serogroup W I were almost always sensitive to penicillin and other antibiotics while those of the W II and W III serogroups showed a higher incidence of decreased susceptibility. Transformation experiments were therefore undertaken with an antibiotic sensitive serogroup W I gonococcal strain as recipient and a multi-resistant W II strain as DNA-donor. Transformants, with increased resistance to penicillin and several other antibiotics as compared with the recipient, acquired the same serogroup specificity as the W II donor. With one of these W II transformants as donor and the sensitive W I strain as recipient all transformants acquired the same antibiotic susceptibility pattern as well as the same serogroup as the donor. SDS-PAGE, performed on sarkosyl extracted outer membrane proteins from donor, recipient and some transformants, showed an increase in the molecular weight of the Protein I of the outer membrane of the W II transformants as compared with that of the recipient strain. In rocket-line and crossed-line immunoelectrophoresis the W II transformants could not be distinguished from the W II donor strain. A genetic linkage between antibiotic multi-resistance and serogroup W II specificity was thus shown. This is in agreement with the demonstrated higher incidence of W II strains with increased antibiotic resistance as compared with that of serogroup W I strains.
Evaluation of the number of destination hosts for data networking and its application to address cache design (2002)

This paper discuses how to design the capacity of address cache tables for large-scale computer communication networks. We show that destination addresses of packets can, be assumed to be characterized by two types of Zipf's law. Based on the complementary use of these laws, we derive the relation between the number of accesses and the number of destination addresses. Experimental results show that the relation gives a good approximation. Applying this relation, we derive the upper/lower bounds for cache hit probability. Using the probabilities, design issues including the capacity of the cache table and aging algorithm of cache entries are also discussed.
Vibrational energy transfer in N(2D)+N2 collisions: A quasiclassical trajectory study (2013)

Rate coefficients for the N(2D)+N2 collisions were calculated employing quasiclassical trajectories and the first available set of potential energy surfaces for such excited nitrogen interactions. The details of the vibrational energy transfer are discussed, such as the contributions from reactive and non-reactive trajectories as well as the contribution of each electronic symmetry. The calculated state-to-state and state-to-all rate coefficients show that deactivation is far more probable than excitation, and multi-quanta deactivation play an important role.
Prix Nobel de chimie 2002 (2003)

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2002 has been awarded to two powerful spectroscopic methodologies through three valorous scientists, John Fenn and Koichi Tanaka, for mass spectrometry and Kurt Wüthrich for nuclear magnetic resonance. These techniques were previously known for their intensive use in chemical analysis. They are now developed at the chemistry/biology interface. Two new methods of soft ionization in mass spectrometry and a strategy of sequential assignment of nuclear magnetic resonance signals of biopolymers now allow the use of these powerful and complementary methodologies for the structural analysis of biological macromolecules, proteins, nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) and polysaccharides. Through the elucidation of their planar and three-dimensional structures and of the molecular mechanisms that govern their interactions, these techniques now may afford precious clues for understanding the molecular mechanisms of life.
Dependence of electrical breakdown on spherulite size in isotactic polypropylene (1984)

Abstract A self‐seeding technique, coupled with isothermal crystallization, was used to prepare isotactic polypropylene specimens of varying spherulite size, but of constant crystallinity and lamellar thickness. The latter quantities were also varied by changing the isothermal crystallization temperature. The electrical lifetime at constant applied voltage, in a point‐plane geometry, was measured. It was found that the electrical lifetime decreased with increasing spherulite size and, more weakly, with decreasing crystallinity (at a given spherulite size).
Evidence for unexpected robustness of multipartite entanglement against sudden death from spontaneous emission (2023)

Evidence is found that sheds light on the origin of entanglement sudden death (ESD), a phenomenon characterized by anomalously abrupt decay of quantum entanglement. By identifying a trigger state that initiates ESD, this discovery suggests that systems involving multiple parties exhibit increased robustness against this disruptive effect.
Tailored Synthesis and Fundamental Characterization of Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Gels by Means of a Hydrosilylation Reaction (2006)

Abstract Summary: Organic‐inorganic hybrid gels have been synthesized from siloxane, 1,3,5,7‐tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMCTS), tetrakis(dimethylsilyloxy)silane (TDSS) or silsesquioxane, 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15‐octakis(dimethylsilyloxy)pentacyclo‐[9,5,1,1,1,1]octasilsesquioxane (POSS), as crosslinking reagents and α , ω ‐nonconjugated dienes, 1,5‐hexadiene (HD), 1,7‐octadiene (OD) and 1,9‐decadiene (DD), using a hydrosilylation reaction with a Pt catalyst. The network structures of the resulting gels were investigated by means of a novel scanning microscopic light scattering system. The structures of the crosslinking reagent and the length of the α , ω ‐non‐conjugated dienes strongly affected the formation and network structures of the resulting gels. The critical gel concentration decreased when the molecular length of the non‐conjugated diene used was increased. The structures and SiH group numbers of the crosslinking reagents affected the critical gel concentration, and its values decreased in the following order: TDSS &gt; TMCTS &gt; POSS. The mesh size distribution in the network structure was quantitatively characterized using the light scattering system and almost presupposed sizes with quite narrow size distributions were attained in the gels from TMCTS‐HD, OD systems and TDSS‐OD systems. On the other hand, the gels derived from POSS or DD showed larger mesh sizes than expected. magnified image
StemNet: An Evolving Service for Knowledge Networking in the Life Sciences (2007)

Up until now, crucial life science information resources, whether bibliographic\nor factual databases, are isolated from each other. Moreover,\nsemantic metadata intended to structure their contents is supplied in\na manual form only. In the StemNet project we aim at developing a\nframework for semantic interoperability for these resources. This will\nfacilitate the extraction of relevant information from textual sources\nand the generation of semantic metadata in a fully automatic manner.\nIn this way, (from a computational perspective) unstructured life science\ndocuments are linked to structured biological fact databases, in\nparticular to the identifiers of genes, proteins, etc. Thus, life scientists\nwill be able to seamlessly access information from a homogeneous\nplatform, despite the fact that the original information was unlinked\nand scattered over the whole variety of heterogeneous life science information\nresources and, therefore, almost inaccessible for integrated\nsystematic search by academic, clinical, or industrial users.
Source-side engineering to increase holding voltage of LDMOS in a 0.5-m 16-V BCD technology to avoid latch-up failure (2009)

To avoid latch-up failure in high voltage integrated circuits, a source-side engineering technique for on-chip ESD protection nLDMOS is proposed in this work. Experimental results have been verified in a 0.5-mum 16-V bipolar CMOS DMOS technology. Measurement results from transmission-line-pulsing system show that the proposed source-side engineering method can effectively increase the holding voltage of the nLDMOS from 10.5 V to 16.2 V. Transient-induced latch-up tests show that the proposed source-side engineering technique significantly improves the latch-up immunity of nLDMOS in on-chip ESD protection circuit.
UV and Solar Degradation of Ofloxacin Antibiotic (2016)

The ofloxacin is a synthetic antibiotic, which belongs to the second generation of fluoroquinolones group. It acts against the Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria by inhibiting the DNA gyrase activity. The different concentrations of antibiotic solution ranging from 50 to 500 ppm, was exposed to the sun light and UV radiation. The solar exposure duration for the degradation, was 12 to 108 hrs. and UV exposure duration for the degradation, was 1 to 7 hrs. For the present study the UV radiation (15W and 30W) tubes, which were attached in the Laminar air flow, were used. The degradation capacity was measured by the zone of inhibition appeared after treatment. The maximum degradation of ofloxacin was recorded after 6 hrs. of exposure of UV (30W). The higher solar degradation was also recorded at 108 hrs. exposure duration, but degradation efficiency was lower than UV exposure. For the control of pollution in the environment caused by ofloxacin antibiotic residues, was significantly controlled by the treatment of UV and the photolysis.
Baseline and post-treatment biomarkers of resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in acral and mucosal melanoma: an observational study (2022)

Our findings suggest that Tcell<sub>inf</sub>GEP and PD-L1 expression, TMB, immune cell infiltration, and RAS and WNT signaling warrant further investigation as potential mechanisms and/or biomarkers of anti-PD-1 therapy resistance in acral and mucosal melanomas. Confirmation of these findings in larger populations is needed.
Die neoklassische Produktionstheorie (1993)

Ausgangspunkt der neoklassischen Produktionstheorie ist die Produktionsfunktion,eine funktionale Beziehung zwischen den Faktoreinsatzmengen und der damit maximal erzielbaren Ausbringungsmenge. Diese wird nicht aus den technologischen Bedingungen der Produktion hergeleitet; vielmehr werden die Existenz einer solchen Funktion sowie deren Eigenschaften postuliert und allenfalls durch Plausibilitätsüberiegungen begründet. Durch diese Prämissen wird die mathematische Analyse erleichtert und die Existenz eindeutiger Lösungen der oben eingeführten Probleme der Produktionsplanung sichergestellt.
Basement membrane antibodies in sera of haematopoietic cell recipients are associated with graft‐versus‐host disease (2009)

Circulating BMZ antibodies are significantly associated with chronic GvHD in contrast to uncomplicated HCT. Recurrent mucocutaneous lesions in chronic inflammatory skin disorders may liberate antigens, which may lead to production of BMZ antibodies, particularly in the context of GvHD-mediated reduced self-tolerance.
An Efficient Multiprocessor Memory Management Framework Using Multi-Agents (2012)

The current generation computer users call for fast addressal of their requests. Multi-processing and Multicore architectures have been adopted for dynamic assignment of a program to two or more processors working in parallel. The coordinated processing of programs face challenges in areas of process scheduling, memory allocation and effective use of level caches due to dynamic variation of resource availed and used. The time efficiency can be improved by using multi-agents for the dynamic decision making process.The multiple interacting intelligent agents serve as autonomous decision makers based on the current set of varying inputs. Multiple agents performing various tasks can be used to enhance memory management. The credibility, novelty and necessity of the various agents are to be ascertained. This work offers a framework to employ multiple agents in a multiprocessing environment to enhance the efficiency of process handling mechanisms. A comparison is to be made between the conventional memory management and the proposed environment with localized multi-agents.
Evaluation of Pulse Contour Markers using an A-Mode Ultrasound: Association with Carotid Stiffness Markers and Ageing (2022)

Vascular ageing is directly associated with the blood vessel wall structural and functional abnormalities. Pulse morphology carries information on these abnormalities, and pulse contour analysis (PCA) identifies key amplitudes and timing information on the pulse waveforms that has a prognostic value towards cardiovascular risk stratification. PCA markers derived from second derivative waveforms represent the accelerative and decelerative phase of an arterial pulse. In this work, second derivative diameter waveforms of central arteries such as carotid artery are obtained using an A-mode ultrasound device. The derived PCA markers (b/a, c/a, d/a, e/a, (b-c-d-e)/a) from diameter waveform is investigated for its association with central stiffness markers and aging. An observational and cross-sectional study on 106 subjects (51 male/55 females) was conducted for this investigation. The highest correlation (r = 0.5, P < 0.001) was observed between c/a and PWV, and the lowest correlation was between c/a and AC. Group average values of PCA markers for each age decade group were correlated strongly (r > 0.9, p < 0.001) with age. A change > 19% was observed between the group average values of PCA markers of the normotensive and hypertensive population. The applicability of aforesaid PCA markers on central pulse waveforms, measured using a noninvasive device in resource-limited field settings, would accelerate such large scale vascular screening that is essential to understanding the cardiovascular risks at a population level. Clinical Relevance- This study provides an investigation into using second derivative diameter waveforms obtained from the carotid artery to find its associations with arterial stiffness and ageing.
Distinct CpG island methylation profiles and BRAF mutation status in serrated and adenomatous colorectal polyps (2008)

A subset of colorectal cancers with CpG island methylator phenotype-high (CIMP-H) is frequently associated with MSI and BRAF V600E mutation. Since limited data are available on different histological types of colorectal polyps, we compared the pattern and the frequency of promoter methylation, CIMP-H, MSI, KRAS and BRAF V600E mutations and the relationship among these molecular parameters and the clinicopathologic characteristics in 110 serrated polyps (48 hyperplastic polyps, 32 sessile serrated adenomas and 30 serrated adenomas) and 32 tubular adenomas using 7 commonly used tumor-associated gene loci. No significant difference in the frequency of overall methylation frequency (86% vs. 100%) and CIMP-H (39% vs. 28%) between serrated polyps and tubular adenomas was observed, but proximally located serrated polyps showed more frequent methylation at 5 of 7 loci examined, and were more likely to be CIMP-H (62% vs. 22%). MGMT methylation was more common in tubular adenomas while MLH1 and HIC1 were more frequently methylated in serrated polyps. BRAF mutation was frequently present in all types of serrated polyps (80%), but was absent in tubular adenomas and was not associated with CIMP or MSI status. These results show comparable frequencies of promoter methylation of tumor-associated genes and CIMP-H, but distinct differences in gene-specific or colonic site-specific methylation profiles occur in serrated polyps and tubular adenomas. BRAF mutation occurs independently of CIMP and MSI in all types of serrated polyps and may serve as a marker of serrated pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis.
Aplicando Clusterização para Identificação de Grupos em Base de Dados do Questionário CUDIT (2022)

Nas últimas décadas, podemos verificar uma tendência em diversos países de regulamentar o uso medicinal e recreativo da cannabis, o que pode gerar um enorme mercado global. No entanto, o histórico de quase um século na condição de ilegalidade, em praticamente todo o planeta, contribui para que a literatura científica sobre o tema seja severamente limitada. Partindo dessa problemática, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um modelo computacional, utilizando a linguagem Python e empregando técnicas de clusterização, tais como KMeans, Agglomerative Clustering e Spectral Clustering, de modo a encontrar grupos de interesse numa massa de dados. A base de dados utilizada foi obtida da aplicação do questionário do teste CUDIT – Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test, composto de oito perguntas com cinco opções de resposta, que permitiram graduar o comportamento do indivíduo em cada questão. Os resultados demonstraram que a técnica foi capaz de separar grupos com padrões distintos e que apresentam consistência em análise qualitativa preliminar.
Моделирование стереоселективности пенициллинамидазы методом возмущения свободной энергии (2013)

New free energy perturbation/molecular dynamics method for the calculation of enzymatic reactions enantiose-lectivity was proposed. Ratio of rate constants for two enantiomers is obtained by calculating free energy differ-ence between initial enzyme-substrate complexes of both enantiomers and reaction transition states for both en-antiomers, which together gives the difference in the activation energy. Free energy transition between enantio-mers is achieved by planarizing the chiral carbon atoms. Proposed approach allows to account for all protein, solvent and ligand atoms and produces true free energy value due to averaging over the thermodynamic ensemble of states. It allowed not only to predict the direction of the enantioselectivity but gave numerical data which was in a good agreement with known experimental results for the hydrolysis of the chiral substrate by penicyllinamidase 2-phenyl-N-(1-phenethyl)acetamide. In conjunction with existing methods for modeling of mutant enzyme structures, proposed approach will allow for a straightforward design of novel efficient biocatalyzers.
Synthesis, Characterization of Perhydropolysilazane and its Application in the Preparation of 3D SiO<sub>2f</sub>/Si <sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Composites (2007)

Perhydropolysilazane was synthesized by the ammonolysis of dichlorosilane-pyridine adduct, and used as precursor to prepare three-dimensional silica fiber reinforced silicon nitride matrix composites via preceramic polymer infiltration and pyrolysis at 1073Kin anhydrous ammonia atmosphere. The polymer-derived ceramic matrix was amorphous near-stoichiometric silicon nitride with an empirical formula of SiN1.34O0.02C0.01H1.21. The as-received composites were amorphous with a high density of 1.96g/cm3 after five infiltration-pyrolysis cycles. The process was successful to fabricate dense silicon nitride matrix composites reinforced by three-dimensional silica fiber due to the low viscosity, good wettability and high ceramic yield of perhydropolysilazane.
Inactivation of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase: Mechanism and occurrence in vivo in disorders of purine nucleoside catabolism (1982)

In the past decade two heritable immunodeficiency diseases have been discovered to be due to mutational loss of enzymes that catalyze consecutive steps in the catabolism of purine nucleosides. Absence of adenosine deaminase (ADA), which causes the accumulation of adenosine (Ado) and 2'-deoxyadenosine (2'-dAdo) results in profound depletion of all lymphoid tissue associated with a severe defect in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity (Giblett et al., 1972). Absence of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) prevents further catabolism of the ADA products, inosine and 2'-deoxyinosine, and also of guanosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Individuals who are deficient in PNP have normal antibody levels and B-lymphocytes, but lack T-cells and have impaired cell-mediated immunity (Giblett et al., 1975). Investigation into the causes of these immunodeficiency diseases has lead to the discovery of several biochemical abnormalities, including accumulation of dATP and dGTP and diminished activity of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (AdoHcyase) that are characteristically found in affected children (Pollara et al., 1979).KeywordsAdenosine DeaminasePurine NucleosidePurine Nucleoside PhosphorylaseMethylation IndexDeoxycytidine KinaseThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
A multi-modal intervention in management of left ventricular assist device outpatients: dietary counselling, controlled exercise and psychosocial support (2012)

IGr patients showed a strong benefit from a multi-modal intervention, including dietary counselling, controlled exercise and psychosocial support. Dietary counselling holds potential to prevent obesity in this patient population.