gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcome for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) enrolled in phase I clinical trials: Single institution experience. (2013)

e13550 Background: Phase I studies are a fundamental step in anti-cancer drug development. Prior meta-analysis looking at phase I studies showed an overall response rate (ORR) of 10.6 % and grade 4 toxicity rate of 14.3 %, and specifically, patients (pts) with mCRC enrolled in phase I trials had an ORR of 1.3 %. Herein, we report the results of a 12-year experience from our institution. Methods: Records from pts with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma enrolled in phase I studies at our institution from January 1999 to December 2010 were reviewed. Recorded data included treatment related responses, survival times and adverse events (AE). Kaplan-Meier analysis, t-test and X 2 tests were used to analyze data. A Cox proportional-hazard model using clinical parameters at enrolment was used to predict survival. Results: Our cohort included 141 pts with mCRC (83% colon and 17% rectum) enrolled in 25 unique phase I trials. Median patient age at enrolment was 59 years, 66% were female and 81% had an ECOG PS of 0-1. Pts received a median of 3 lines of chemotherapy prior to enrolment. The median overall survival (OS) was 8.9 months. The ORR was 4.2%. The clinical benefit rate (ORR or stable disease for ≥ 4 months) was 22%. Univariate analysis showed that being female (P=0.02), Hb &lt;12 g/dL (P=0.01), Alb &lt; 4 g/dL (P=&lt;0.001), Alkaline phosphatase &gt; 150 U/L (P=&lt;0.001) and LDH ≥ 300 U/L (P=&lt;0.001) were independently associated with shorter survival. Multivariate analysis showed that females (HR of 2.81 95% CI 1.71-4.59, p= &lt;0.001), Hb ≥ 12 g/dL (1.67, 95%CI 1.03-1.71, p=0.04), Alb &lt; 4 g/dL (HR 2.51, 95% CI 1.59-3.98, p= &lt;0.001) and LDH ≥300 U/L (HR 2.59, 95% CI 1.65-4.03, p= &lt;0.001) were associated with shorter survival. Grade 3/4 non-hematological and hematological AE were seen in 25% and 45% of patients, respectively. Conclusions: This cohort of pts that received a median of 3 prior lines of therapy had a median OS and ORR of 8.9 months and 4.2%, respectively. These findings are similar to the ones reported in the recent phase III trial using regorafenib. Interestingly, multivariate analysis showed that a Hb of ≥ 12g/dL was associated with worse survival, in agreement with prior reports in which red cell growth factors were used.
Torque and rotational speed estimation with parameter identification of Line-start Induction Motor for Motor Operated Valve (2008)

This paper presents a torque and rotational speed estimation method for line-start induction motor operated valves. Routine inspections are carried out to those valves, because motor operated valves are used in the serious plant such as power plant. and securing reliability is an extreme important matter for these systems. Movement environments in these plants are high temperature and humidity, so it is difficult to put sensors near motors. In such a case, we must find the trouble of the system without torque sensor or speed sensor. The proposal method can estimate the torque and rotational speed of induction motor by using time-series data of voltages and currents at the switchboard. Furthermore, we propose the parameter identification method of mutual inductance by comparing the inner and outer products between voltages and currents. First, a torque and rotational speed of induction motor are estimated. Next, a mutual inductance parameter is got. Last, the proposed estimation method is verified by results of experiment.
Usage of Battery Energy Storage Systems to Defer Substation Upgrades (2018)

Electricity is generated and distributed instantaneously. In electricity utilities, this is occasionally an enormous amount of wasted capacity. Illegal connections may contribute to overloads and trips, as the network is carrying more users than what it was designed for. Before substation upgrades may take place, new and existing consumers who need additional electricity are rejected, due to capacity constraints in existing substations. The installation of large scale battery energy storage systems may support the long-term carbon mitigation strategy of South Africa, to transition to a low carbon economy. The aim of this paper is to propose a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) design that may lead to costly network upgrade deferral and reduced demand charges.
Abstract 4039: PAX8 increases migration and metastasis of high grade serous ovarian cancer through upregulation of Rho GTPases (2018)

Abstract High grade serous ovarian cancer, the most lethal subtype of ovarian cancer, can originate in either the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) or ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). PAX8 is a lineage specific transcription factor that is ubiquitously expressed in HGSOC. We have shown that knockdown of PAX8 using shRNA in multiple ovarian tumor cells lines leads to apoptosis, suggesting that PAX8 plays an essential role in cancer survival. In this study, we used CRISPR technology to delete PAX8 from the OVCAR8 cell line. PAX8 deletion led to a decrease in migration and invasion in vitro and an increase in survival and a reduction in tumor volume in vivo. Previous work using RNA-sequencing and ChIP-sequencing identified cell adhesion as a top differentially expressed gene between malignant ovarian cancer and benign fallopian tube cell lines. We performed quantitative proteomic analysis of the OVCAR8-PAX8-/- cell line to define PAX8 altered proteins. We also performed quantitative proteomics and transcriptomic analyses on a previously generated murine OSE cell line with forced PAX8 expression (MOSE-PAX8). These analyses identified several genes that contribute to an increase in migration and EMT. Specifically, our data indicates PAX8 upregulates key drivers involved in altering cell morphology including the GTPases: RhoA, Cdc42, and Ras. Inhibition of RhoA led to a greater decrease in migration for both OVCAR8-PAX8-/- and MOSE-PAX8 when compared to control. Inhibition of Ras had a greater effect in OVCAR8-PAX8-/- while inhibition of Cdc42 had a greater effect in MOSE-PAX8. These data provide a mechanistic explanation for the role of PAX8 on increasing migration and metastasis in ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Laura Hardy, Melissa Pergande, Angel Hernandez, Stephanie Cologna, Joanna Burdette. PAX8 increases migration and metastasis of high grade serous ovarian cancer through upregulation of Rho GTPases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4039.
Gonococcal Porin IB Activates NF-κB in Human Urethral Epithelium and Increases the Expression of Host Antiapoptotic Factors (2004)

Infection of human urethral epithelial cells (UECs) with Neisseria gonorrhoeae increases the transcription of several host antiapoptotic genes, including bfl-1, cox-2, and c-IAP-2. In order to identify the bacterial factor(s) responsible for eliciting these changes, the transcriptional status of apoptotic machinery was monitored in UECs challenged with certain gonococcal membrane components. Initially, we observed that infection of UECs with gentamicin-killed gonococci increased the expression of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family member, bfl-1. This observation indicated that viable, replicating bacteria are not required for induction of antiapoptotic gene expression. Confirming this observation, treatment of UECs with purified gonococcal membrane increased the expression of bfl-1, cox-2, and c-IAP-2. This finding suggested that a factor or multiple factors present in the outer membrane (OM) are responsible for altering UEC antiapoptotic gene expression. Interestingly, treatment of UECs with gonococcal porin IB (PorB IB), a major constituent of the OM, significantly increased the transcription of bfl-1, cox-2, and c-IAP-2. The upregulation of these genes by PorB IB was determined to be dependent on NF-kappaB activation, as inhibiting NF-kappaB blocked induced expression of these genes. This work demonstrates the altered expression of host apoptotic factors in response to gonococcal PorB IB and supports a model whereby UEC cell death may be modulated as a potential mechanism of bacterial survival and proliferation.
Fabrication of Single‐Crystalline InSb‐on‐Insulator by Rapid Melt Growth (2021)

InSb has the smallest bandgap and highest electron mobility among III‐V semiconductors and is widely used for photodetectors and high‐frequency electronic applications. Integration of InSb directly on Si would drastically reduce the fabrication cost and enable new applications, however, it is very challenging due to its 19% lattice mismatch with Si. Herein, the integration of single‐crystalline InSb microstructures on insulator‐covered Si through rapid melt growth (RMG) is reported and specifically provides details on the fabrication process. The importance of achieving high‐quality conformal capping layers at low thermal budget to contain the InSb melt is assessed when the sample is annealed. The importance of ensuring a pristine Si seed area to achieve single‐crystalline InSb is illustrated and demonstrated here for the first time.
Broadbeam for Massive MIMO Systems (2016)

Massive MIMO has been identified as one of the promising disruptive air interface techniques to address the huge capacity requirement of 5G wireless communications. For practical deployment of such systems, the control message needs to be broadcast to all users reliably in the cell using broadbeam. A perfect broadbeam is expected to have the same radiated power in all directions to cover users in any place in a cell. In this paper, we will show that there is no non-trivial solution for perfect broadbeam. Therefore, we develop a method for generating broadbeam that can allow tiny fluctuation in radiated power. Overall, this can serve as an ingredient for practical deployment of the massive MIMO systems.
Perfluorocyclobutane Aromatic Polyethers. Synthesis and Characterization of New Siloxane-Containing Fluoropolymers (1996)

The synthesis and characterization of siloxane-containing perfluorocyclobutane (PFCB) aromatic polyethers, a new class of fluorosiloxane polymers possessing a well-defined linear structure of alternating disiloxanyl-p-phenylene (cis/trans)-1,2-disubstituted perfluorocyclobutyl ether linkages with known fluoroolefin end groups, is described. The unexpected formation of an aryl Grignard reagent from 4-[(trifluorovinyl)oxy]bromobenzene (2) allowed for the high-yield synthesis of 4-[(trifluorovinyl)oxy]phenyldimethylsilane (3) which was dehydrogenatively hydrolyzed in situ and condensed to bis[1,3-[4-[(trifluorovinyl)oxy]phenyl]]-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane monomer (4). Thermal cyclopolymerization in the bulk produces poly(1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxanyl-p-phenylene-1-oxaperfluorocyclobutylene-2-oxa-p-phenylene) (5) as a clear, flexible, and thermally stable elastomeric film. Copolymerization of 4 with a trifunctional PFCB monomer gives a toughened thermoset with good thermal stability. Monomers and polymers were characterized by 1H, 13C, and 19F NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. Number-average molecular weights were determined by gel permeation chromatography and, when possible, quantitative 19F NMR end group analysis. Synthesis, characterization, thermal analyses, and current scope of PFCB polymer chemistry are discussed.
Age Differences in the Relationships between Risk Factors and Loss of Kidney Function: A General Population Cohort Study (2020)

Abstract Background: Annual decline in kidney function is a widely applied surrogate outcome of renal failure. It is important to understand the relationships between known risk factors and the annual decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) according to baseline age; however, these remain unclear. Methods: A community-based retrospective cohort study of adults who underwent annual medical examinations between 1999 and 2013 was conducted. The participants were stratified into different age groups (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥80 years) to assess the risk for loss of kidney function. A mixed-effects model was used to estimate the association between risk factors and annual changes in eGFR. Results: In total, 51,938 participants were included in the analysis. The age group of ≥80 years included 8,127 individuals. The mean annual change in eGFR was -0.39 (95% confidence interval: -0.41 to -0.37) mL/min/1.73 m 2 per year. Older age was related to faster loss of kidney function. In the older age group, higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and current smoking were related to faster loss of kidney function ( p trend &lt;0.01, 0.03, and &lt;0.01, respectively). Conversely, each age group showed similar annual loss of kidney function related to lower hemoglobin levels and diabetes mellitus ( p trend 0.47 and 0.17, respectively). Conclusions: Higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and smoking were related to faster loss of kidney function, and a greater effect size was observed in the older participants. More risk assessments for older people are required for personalized care.
Fully printed phased-array antenna for space communications (2009)

We present a flexible active 2-bit 2-element phased-array antenna (PAA) fully fabricated using ink-jet printing technology. High speed carbon nanotube (CNT) based field effect transistors (FETs) function as switch in the true-time delay line of the PAA. The 2-bit 2-element active PAA is printed out at room temperature on 100&#956;m thick Kapton substrate. The FET switch works well for 5GHz RF signals. An ON-OFF ratio of over 100 is obtained at a low Vds bias of 1.8V. The measured azimuth beamsteering angles of PAA agree well with simulation values.
Two if by Sea (2004)

This article discusses that ever since the Methane Pioneer sailed a cargo of liquefied natural gas from the United States to England in 1959, LNG trading in the United States has been a business of fits and starts. A chart plotting the growth of seaborne LNG depicts a flat first decade in the 1960s, 10 years’ rise in the 1970s during the first oil crunch and a flurry of Japanese activity, and then a plateau again in the 1980s on the tail of natural gas price deregulation and a bump up in domestic natural gas production. Bluewater’s concepts for offshore LNG terminals are designed to let a tanker weathervane. Moored at a single point, a weather vaning vessel swings freely to present the lowest area it can to wind and sea. The practice is common with offshore oil handling to keep ship movement from straining the floating hose that carries crude off the ship.
Two methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) polymorphisms, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: An association study (2007)

Recent meta-analyses of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) have suggested association between two of its functional single gene polymorphisms (SNPs; C677T and A1298C) and schizophrenia. Studies have also suggested association between MTHFR C677T and A1298C variation and bipolar disorder. In a replication attempt the MTHFR C677T and A1298C SNPs were analyzed in three Scandinavian schizophrenia case-control samples. In addition, Norwegian patients with bipolar disorder were investigated. There were no statistically significant allele or genotype case-control differences. The present Scandinavian results do not verify previous associations between the putative functional MTHFR gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. However, when combined with previous studies in meta-analyses there is still evidence for association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and schizophrenia. Additional studies are warranted to shed further light on these relationships.
Use of modified snares to estimate bobcat abundance (2012)

Abstract Although genetic and analytical methods for estimating wildlife abundance have improved rapidly over the last decade, effective methods for collecting hair samples from terrestrial carnivores in a mark–recapture framework have lagged. Hair samples are generally collected using methods that permit sampling of multiple individuals during a single sampling period that can cause genotyping errors due to cross‐contamination. We evaluated a modified body snare as a single‐sample method to obtain bobcat hair samples suitable for individual identification using DNA analyses to estimate population size. We used a systematic grid (2.5 × 2.5 km) overlaid on a 278.5 km 2 study area in Michigan's Upper Peninsula to distribute sampling effort. In each of 44 grid cells, we placed 2–6 snares at established sampling stations and collected hair samples weekly for 8 weeks during January–March 2010. We collected 230 hair samples overall, with 91% of sampling stations obtaining at least 1 hair sample. Fifty‐seven percent of samples had sufficient DNA for species identification, which included bobcat ( Lynx rufus , n = 17); raccoon ( Procyon lotor , n = 62); coyote, dog, or wolf ( Canis spp., n = 29); fox ( Vulpes vulpes or Urocyon cinereoargenteus , n = 4); and fisher ( Martes pennanti , n = 1). We identified 8 individual bobcats and using Huggins closed capture population models with a one‐half mean maximum distance moved buffer, estimated 10 individuals within the trapping area (95% confidence interval = 8–28) with a density of 3.0 bobcats/100 km 2 . Our method provides an effective, single‐sample technique for detecting bobcats and estimating abundance. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
ESTABILIDAD DIMENSIONAL DE TRES TIPOS DE MATERIALES DE IMPRESIÓN PARA PROTESIS FIJA (2017)

Introduccion La estabilidad dimensional en los materiales de impresion en prostodoncia fija es un aspecto relevante para la supervivencia de la rehabilitacion y del diente mismo; cuando falla este parametro no se logra el grado de adaptacion optimo para garantizar la salud periodontal y la ausencia de caries recidiva Objetivo El objetivo general fue comparar la exactitud dimensional de tres tipos de materiales de impresion, manteniendo las variables de vaciado, revestido y colado controladas. Materiales Se realizaron impresiones a un troquel estandarizado utilizando 3 materiales de impresion diferente (2 siliconas de adicion y una de condensacion), se obtuvieron cofias metalicas (metal base) controlando la mayor cantidad de variables inmersas en el procesamiento: tecnica de impresion, patron estandarizado, cofias en cera mediante CAD CAM, revestido al vacio, colado en centrifuga de induccion y preparacion por un mismo operador. Se tomaron imagenes con microscopio estereoscopico y el software Image® con todos los parametros estandarizados, se midio la distancia patron cofia en 3 puntos en cuatro zonas (vestibular, palatino, mesial y distal), se obtuvieron promedios y se compararon las medidas para los 3 grupos Resultados La silicona Panasil® presento una distancia en la interfaz de 119 micrometros (µm) con una desviacion estandar de 33,56; la Zhermack elite® de 426,66 con una desviacion estandar de 95,98 y la Speedex® de 218,27 con una desviacion estandar de 101,85. Conclusiones La silicona Panasil® fue la que presento mejor desempeno tanto en adaptacion marginal como en exactitud
Treatment of open-skin wounds with electric stimulation. (1991)

A randomized double blind multi-center study of electric stimulation compared with sham units enrolled 59 patients (67 wounds) with open wounds of pressure, vascular and surgical etiology at nine sites. The 14-week study consisted of a four-week phase, randomized, parallel-group, double blind, sham stimulation controlled group comparing effectiveness and tolerance of electric and sham stimulation of open wounds. Patients with wounds not completely closed at the end of the four weeks were allowed to cross over to actual treatment. After four weeks of treatment, the electric stimulation group showed a 56% decrease in size with only a 33% decrease in size with sham treatment. Available data suggest that pulsed electric stimulation should be considered by health care practitioners as an adjunct for treating open wounds.
Kinetic and Mechanistic Effects of Bipyridine (bpy) Substituent, Labile Ligand, and Brønsted Acid on Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction by Re(bpy) Complexes (2018)

In order to help develop robust and deployable molecular electrocatalysts for the reduction of CO2 to CO, we must understand the effects of tuning their structure and catalytic conditions. To this end, we quantify how modifications to the catalyst fac-Re(4,4′-R-bpy)(CO)3X (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, R = OCH3, CH3, tBu, H, CN, CF3; X = Cl, Br, py(OTf), or CH3CN(OTf)) with and without an added proton source (phenol, acetic acid, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol) affect the catalyst stability, activity, and overpotential. Through cyclic voltammetry experiments, we found that the substituents and proton source had a large effect on both overpotential and activity. Substituents with moderate electron-donating ability (tBu and CH3) increased activity and overpotential in comparison to the unsubstituted complex Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl. In contrast, substituents resulting in too much electron density distributed over the bpy ligand, either from too-strong electron-donating ability (OCH3) or from the requirement of a third reduction to activate the complex (CN and CF3), destabilized the catalyst. An added proton source both increased the activity and decreased the overpotential by 200 mV for all catalyst derivatives, shifting the catalytic mechanism from an electron-first pathway to a proton-first pathway. We used binding energies calculated via density functional theory to help understand the substituent effect on the catalyst affinity for CO2 and other intermediates relevant to the catalytic mechanism. Catalyst activity was quantified using intrinsic rate constants determined through the utilization of catalytic plateau currents, as well as the application of a foot of the wave analysis, which yielded incongruent values. Of those complexes tested, Re(4,4′-tBu-bpy)(CO)3Cl with an added 1 M phenol yielded the most active catalytic system (kcat = 6206 s–1) at an overpotential of 0.67 V.
Fas (CD95)-Dependent Cell-Mediated Immunity toListeria monocytogenes (1998)

Two distinct and complementary pathways, one mediated by perforin and the other dependent upon CD95 (Fas), effect cell-mediated cytotoxicity. We examined the relative roles of these pathways in host defenses against the intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes by using murine listeriosis as a model system. Mice which lacked both perforin and Fas (P0L0) were generated, and their responses to primary and secondary listeriosis were compared to those of wild-type (WT), Fas-deficient (L0), and perforin knockout (P0) mice. Relative to WT mice during primary listeriosis, P0 mice exhibited a reduced capacity to clear the infection from their spleens but not their livers whereas L0 mice had elevated bacterial titers in their livers and a modestly increased titer in their spleens. In contrast, bacterial titers in P0L0 mice were increased approximately 50- to 560-fold in their spleens and 230- to 1,000-fold in their livers; eventual clearance of listeriae from both organs was significantly delayed. Furthermore, the resistance of P0L0 mice to secondary listeriosis was significantly reduced in their spleens and livers compared to that of WT, P0, or L0 mice. In vitro experiments indicated that immune cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) lysed L. monocytogenes-infected hepatocytes primarily via a Fas-dependent, perforin-independent mechanism. The absence of Fas severely abrogated the lysis of infected hepatocytes by immune CD8+ CTL. Taken together, these results provide the first evidence for Fas-dependent CTL-mediated lysis of L. monocytogenes-infected hepatocytes and demonstrate complementary roles for Fas and perforin in host defenses against an intracellular bacterial pathogen.