gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two-photon interference and entanglement control via reconfigurable quantum frequency processor (2018)

We implement a parallelized, reconfigurable processor for frequency-bin quantum states, demonstrating Hong-Ou-Mandel interference with record-high visibility and the first deterministic correlation swapping of spectrally entangled photons.
Cell Wall Polysaccharide Composition and Covalent Crosslinking (2017)

Abstract Genetics now potentially lets us modify the production, crosslinking and degradation of cell wall polysaccharides. There remains, however, the need to test experimentally whether intended modifications of polysaccharide metabolism have successfully been effected in vivo . Simple methods for this are described, including in‐vivo radiolabelling, enzymic dissection (e.g. with Driselase) and chromatographic/electrophoretic fractionation of dissection products. After an overview of polysaccharide chemistry, I discuss the structures and taxonomic distribution of wall polysaccharides in charophytes and land plants. Primary and secondary walls are compared. The major wall polysaccharides are cellulose [microfibrillar β‐(1→4)‐ d ‐glucan], pectins (α‐ d ‐galacturonate‐rich) and hemicelluloses (lacking galacturonate; hydrogen‐bonding to cellulose; extractable by 6 M NaOH at 37 °C). Land‐plant pectins are anionic polymers built of about four glycosidically interconnected domains (homogalacturonan, rhamnogalacturonans I and II, xylogalacturonan). Hemicelluloses occurring in most/all land plants are α‐xylo‐β‐glucans, β‐xylans (including α‐arabino‐β‐xylans, α‐glucurono‐β‐xylans, etc.) and β‐mannans (including α‐galacto‐β‐mannans, β‐gluco‐β‐mannans, etc.). Another hemicellulose [mixed‐linkage β‐(1→3)(1→4)‐ d ‐glucan) is confined to Equisetum and some Poales. Other taxonomically restricted features of angiosperm primary walls occur in Poales (xylose‐poor xyloglucans; feruloylated arabinoxylans); Solanales and Lamiales (characteristic xyloglucans); Caryophyllales (feruloylated pectins); and Alismatales (apiogalacturonan). I also summarize characteristic wall features of charophytes, bryophytes, lycopodiophytes, fern‐allies and gymnosperms. The making or breaking of a ‘crosslink’ (defined as an individual chemical bond, not a whole ‘tethering’ chain) may cause wall tightening/loosening. Covalent crosslinks include phenolic coupling products, uronoyl esters and amides, and borate diesters.
Electrospun nanofibrils encapsulated in hydrogel cupula for biomimetic MEMS flow sensor development (2013)

This paper adopts the design strategies involved in the biological flow sensors present on the body of the blind cave fish in order to engineer MEMS artificial flow sensors by employing micro/nano fabrication technologies. The MEMS sensor developed consists of Si60 polymer haircells fabricated by stereolithography. Biomimetic cupular fibrils are developed by electrospinning a solution of polyL-lactide/e-caprolactone (PLC) to form nanofibers. A bio-inspired hydrogel cupula is fabricated using precision drop-casting methods which enhances the performance of the flow sensor over the naked haircell sensor. The pyramid shaped nanofibers formed act as a scaffold supporting the swollen hydrogel.
The Principles of Democracy: Presidential Messages, Addresses and Other Papers (1913-1917). (1926)

Journal Article The Principles of Democracy: Presidential Messages, Addresses and other Papers (1913–1917) Get access The Principles of Democracy: Presidential Messages, Addresses and other Papers (1913–1917). By Woodrow Wilson. Edited by Ray Stannard Baker and Wm. E. Dodd. 2 Vols. 1926. (New York and London: Harper & Bros. 8vo. xxiii + 450; x + 505 pp.) Journal of the Royal Institute of International Affairs, Volume 5, Issue 6, November 1926, Page 314, https://doi.org/10.2307/3015754 Published: 01 November 1926
Reliability Assessment of LED Driver Considering Parameter Variations in Strength and Stress Model (2018)

Light-emitting diode (LED) drivers are widely regarded as the weakest link in the solid-state lighting (SSL) systems. This paper considers its system-level reliability metrics based on component-level. The proposed method considers the parameter variations in both the stress levels and the lifetime model of electrolytic capacitors while assessing the reliability of LED drivers. To be specific, for evaluating the uncertainties of component thermal stress, system-level finite element (FE) thermal simulation is firstly carried out in ANSYS icepak. Then, the fluctuations of capacitor's hotspot temperature, are calculated according to the change of environment temperature. On the other hand, uncertainties of the life-stress model can be obtained by accelerated lifetime testing. Afterwards, the reliability block diagram of the LED driver is used to evaluate the reliability of the LED driver. By using Monte Carlo simulation, the Weibull lifetime distribution of components and the LED driver, as well as their <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sub> lifetime can be obtained according to component-level reliability. In a case study of an LED driver for street lighting, the parameters of lifetime distribution and reliability curves prove that the input electrolytic capacitor is the fragile components in the LED driver. The results can guide a heat-dissipation trade-off between the manufacturer cost and reliability constraint.
Vitamin C Improves Endothelial Function of Conduit Arteries in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure (1998)

Vitamin C improves FDD in patients with CHF as the result of increased availability of nitric oxide. This observation supports the concept that endothelial dysfunction in patients with CHF is, at least in part, due to accelerated degradation of nitric oxide by radicals.
Assessing fat-tree topologies for regular network-on-chip design under nanoscale technology constraints (2009)

Most of past evaluations of fat-trees for on-chip interconnection networks rely on oversimplifying or even irrealistic architecture and traffic pattern assumptions, and very few layout analyses are available to relieve practical feasibility concerns in nanoscale technologies. This work aims at providing an in-depth assessment of physical synthesis efficiency of fat-trees and at extrapolating silicon-aware performance figures to back-annotate in the system-level performance analysis. A 2D mesh is used as a reference architecture for comparison, and a 65 nm technology is targeted by our study. Finally, in an attempt to mitigate the implementation cost of k-ary n-tree topologies, we also review an alternative unidirectional multi-stage interconnection network which is able to simplify the fat-tree architecture and to minimally impact performance.
Phylogenetic relationships of the bumblebees Bombus moderatus, B. albocinctus, B. burjaeticus, B. florilegus and B. cryptarum based on mitochondrial DNA markers: a complex of closely related taxa with circumpolar distribution. (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus). (2010)

Königinnen von Bombus moderatus aus Alaska/USA und Alberta/Canada und von B. burjaeticus and B. patagiatus aus dem Russischen Transbaikal wurden an verschiedenen Orten im Frühjahr gefangen, um künstliche Kolonien zu züchten. Zusätzlich wurden Männchen von B. florilegus in Hokkaido/Japan gesammelt. Teilsequenzen (Länge 1005 bp) mitochondrialer Cytochrome Oxidase Untereinheit I (COI) wurde sequenziert. Zum Vergleich wurden auch Museumsproben von B. albocinctus und B. burjaeticus sequenziert. Die Divergenz der Sequenzen innerhalb der Taxa beträgt 1 bis 2 Basen-Substitutionen und die Tamura-Nei Genetische Distanz 0.001–0.002. Die Divergenz der Sequenzen zwischen B. moderatus, B. albocinctus und B. burjaeticus beträgt nur 1–5 Basen-Substitutionen und die Tamura-Nei Genetische Distanz 0.001–0.005, während die Divergenz der Sequenzen zwischen B. lucorum, B. magnus, B. patagiatus und B. cryptarum 22-44 Basen Substitutionen beträgt und die Tamura-Nei Genetische Distanz 0.027-0.042. Zusätzlich zu den Clustern für B. lucorum, B. magnus und B. patagiatus zeigt die Topologie des Phylogramms (MrBayes Maximum Likelihood Tree) ein umfangreiches Cluster, in dem B. albocinctus, B. burjaeticus, B. moderatus und B. florilegus vereinigt sind. Da die COI Sequenzen keine Lücken aufweisen, können die einzelnen Nukleotide wie homologe Positionen verwendet werden. Jedes Taxon besitzt 8–20 eigene Substitutionen, die als diagnostische Positionen zur Charakterisierung des Taxons verwendet werden können. Die Analyse der diagnostischen Positionen der Taxa bestätigt die Topologie des Maximum Likelihood Phylogramms. Um die Lücke zwischen den östlichsten bekannten Vorkommen von B. cryptarum im Kaukasus und im Elburz und den Vorkommen von B. burjaeticus/ B. albocinctus im Russischen Transbaikal und in Russisch Fernost zu überbrücken, wurden 12 weitere Museumsproben aus Zentralasiatischen Gebirgen und dem Himalaja sequenziert. Durch Analyse der diagnostischen Positionen der teilweise 100 Jahre alten DNA kann gezeigt werden, dass keine dieser Proben zu B. lucorum gehören kann, alle bilden ein Cluster mit den Taxa des cryptarum Komplexes.
Phosphorylation-regulated Cleavage of the Tumor Suppressor PTEN by Caspase-3 (2003)

PTEN phosphatase is one of the most commonly targeted tumor suppressors in human cancers and a key regulator of cell growth and apoptosis. We have found that PTEN is cleaved by caspase-3 at several target sites, located in unstructured regions within the C terminus of the molecule. Cleavage of PTEN was increased upon TNFalpha-cell treatment and was negatively regulated by phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail of PTEN by the protein kinase CK2. The proteolytic PTEN fragments displayed reduced protein stability, and their capability to interact with the PTEN interacting scaffolding protein S-SCAM/MAGI-2 was lost. Interestingly, S-SCAM/MAGI-2 was also cleaved by caspase-3. Our findings suggest the existence of a regulatory mechanism of protein stability and PTEN-protein interactions during apoptosis, executed by caspase-3 in a PTEN phosphorylation-regulated manner.
Hyperspectral chemical plume quantification via background radiance estimation (2013)

Existing chemical plume quantification algorithms assume that the off-plume radiance of a pixel containing the plume signal is unobservable. When the problem is limited to a single gas, the off-plume radiance may be estimated from the bands in which the gas absorption is nearly zero. It is then possible to compute the difference between the on- and off-plume radiances and solve for the plume strength from Beer's Law. The major advantage of this proposed method is that the gas strength can be resolved from the radiance difference so that the estimation error remains small for thick plumes.
The Role of Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams in Material Design for High Strength Oil and Gas Transmission Pipeline Steels (2006)

The economical, environmental, and safe movement of gas and oil to the marketplace requires transmission pipelines to be designed to operate at higher pressures and/or with improved toughness over a variety of temperature ranges. To meet the higher strength and toughness specification requirements of these transmission pipelines, appropriate materials and processes must be used in their design and construction. This includes selection of appropriate alloy composition, processing routes, microstructure control, and cost. A continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram is a tool that can be used to select alloy composition and processing route in order to obtain a specific, desirable microstructure for transmission linepipe steels in a cost-effective manner. In the past, CCT diagrams were developed experimentally under laboratory conditions, thus requiring extensive time and effort. However, with the vast data available and improved computational tools, reasonably accurate computer generated CCT diagrams can be produced quickly. These computer generated diagrams can give the materials design engineer a reasonable understanding of the effect of subjecting a given alloy to various processing routes and hence the resultant microstructures. Since final microstructure is a key variable in determining the linepipe steel material properties, the chosen alloy/processing route and its effect on the final microstructure needs to be understood. This paper will discuss the role of CCT diagrams in the design of steels (cost, alloy, processing, and microstructure) for oil and gas transmission pipelines. Examples of computer generated CCT digrams for various API alloy designs are included.
Liquid CO2 Extraction of Jasminum grandiflorum and Comparison with Conventional Processes (2012)

The concrete (0.35%) of Jasminum grandiflorum L. flowers was prepared by extraction in n-pentane, and the absolute (0.27%) by fractionation of the n-pentane extract (concrete) with cold methanol. Direct extraction of flowers with liquid CO2 gave a relatively fat-free product in 0.26% yield. The liquid CO2 extract was enriched with terpenoids and benzenoids, thus providing the organoleptically accepted product. The major compounds, such as benzyl acetate, (E,E)-alpha-farnesene and (Z)-3-hexenyl benzoate, along with compounds like indole, methyl anthranilate, (Z)-jasmone, (Z)-methyl jasmonoate and (Z)-methyl epi-jasmonoate, are responsible for the high diffusivity of the jasmine fragrance. These compounds have been obtained with improved recoveries in the liquid CO2 extract. On the other hand, the yield of the essential oil was poor (0.05%), and some polar compounds (oxygenated terpenoids) were recovered in less amounts in comparison with either the n-pentane or liquid CO2 extract.
Using High Security Features in Virtex-II Series FPGAs (2004)

This application note shows how a designer can very simply implement a battery with the Virtex™-II series FPGAs for high bitstream security. It shows a number of Xilinx recommended designs. Introduction All Virtex-II family members (Virtex-II, Virtex-II Pro™, and Virtex-II Pro X FPGAs) have an on- chip decryptor that can be enabled to make the configuration bitstream (and thus the whole logic design) secure. Xilinx implements a standard triple DES (TDES) scheme for securing a bitstream. TDES is considered very safe in industry, military, and government applications. This scheme is used daily by banks to transfer trillions of dollars around the world. The user can encrypt the bitstream in the Xilinx software, and the Virtex-II chip then performs the reverse operation, decrypting the incoming bitstream and internally recreating the intended configuration. This method provides a very high degree of design security. The Virtex-II device families store the internal decryption keys in a few hundred bits of dedicated RAM, backed up by a small, externally connected battery. This battery backed-up key is the most secure solution since the keys are erased if the FPGA is tampered with. The key benefits of the Xilinx SecureChip security solution are summarized below: • Battery-backed volatile keys provide the highest degree of security • Simple, well-understood, and low-cost solution with widely available standard components
CTLA4-CD28 chimeric gene modification of T cells enhances therapeutic efficacy of donor lymphocyte infusion for hematological malignancy (VAC5P.1122) (2015)

Abstract Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) has been used as an effective therapeutic regimen for the relapsed hematologic malignancies, such as chronic myelocytic leukemia, after allogenic bone marrow transplantation. However, therapeutic efficacy of DLI for other types of leukemia including acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) has been limited so far. Thus, we tested if increasing the reactivity of donor T cells by gene modification could enhance therapeutic effect of DLI in a murine model of ALL. For this purpose, we introduced CTLA4-CD28 chimeric gene (CTC28), in which the intracellular signaling domain of CTLA4 was replaced with the CD28 signaling domain, into donor T cells and evaluated the graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect in an EL4 tumor-bearing mixed bone marrow chimera model. The modification significantly enhanced GVT effect of donor T cells. This effect was correlated with increased expansion of CD8 T cells and elimination of CD8 T cells abolished this effect. GVT effect and CD8 T cell expansion were dependent on the CTC28-modification of CD4 T cells, emphasizing the role of CD4 help in this therapeutic effect. Modified CD4 T cells not only expanded more, but also showed enhanced functional responsiveness. Modified T cell-derived IL-2 was indispensable for the GVT effect, although not required for expansion of the T cells. Thus, combined genetic modification of CD4 and CD8 donor T cells with CTC28 can be a promising strategy for enhancing therapeutic efficacy of DLI for ALL.
Combined Helmholtz Integral Equation - Fourier series formulation of acoustical radiation and scattering problems (2006)

The Combined Helmholtz Integral Equation – Fourier series Formulation (CHIEFF) is based on representation of a velocity potential in terms of Fourier series and finding the Fourier coefficients of this expansion. The solution could be substantially simplified if the Green function and its normal derivative are represented by Fourier series. Unfortunately the direct expansion of the Green function and its normal derivative are impossible because these functions do not satisfy the Dirichlet’s theorem due to the singularities. To take advantage of the Fourier methods it is necessary to reformulate the original Helmholtz integral equation so that the modified Green function does not contain any singularities. The corresponding revision of the problem is proposed in the present paper. The Green function is modified so to satisfy the Dirichlet’s theorem. The tradeoff is that the original Helmholtz integral equation contains new double singular integrals which could be calculated numerically by an adaptive procedure or by means of quadrature formulae. Fourier coefficients of the modified Green functions are calculated using a discrete Fourier transform, in particular case by FFT. Using orthogonality of the sine and cosine functions the original problem is reduced to an overdetermined system of linear algebraic equations to obtain the unknown coefficients of the Fourier series expansion. The CHIEFF method is applicable to a broad range of acoustical problems of radiation and scattering. It is especially effective for calculation of near acoustic fields of large-scale structures.
Optimal digital control and filtering for dynamic weighing systems (2002)

The plant that should be controlled is a weighcell based dynamic
weighing system. The weighcell is a controllable weighing device that
operates according to the principle of electromagnetic force
compensation. The two main aims for improvement are: (1) to increase the
speed of weighing and (2) to achieve good measurement accuracy. These
goals are contradictory and can be completed through an integrated
control and filtering approach. The Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) is
an optimal design method that combines the design of both control and
filtering in an integrated manner. Therefore, this paper discusses a
possibility of using LQG method for enhancement of the performance of
weighcell based dynamic weighing systems. Furthermore, the paper
includes mathematical models of the weighcell and forcing functions.
These models are used to examine the suitability of the proposed LQG
design method
Critical roles of c-Kit tyrosine residues 567 and 719 in stem cell factor–induced chemotaxis: contribution of src family kinase and PI3-kinase on calcium mobilization and cell migration (2002)

Stem cell factor (SCF) has crucial roles in proliferation, survival, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and mast cells through binding to c-Kit receptor (KIT). Chemotaxis is another unique function of SCF. However, little is known about the intracellular signaling pathway of SCF/KIT-mediated cell migration. To investigate the signaling cascade, we made a series of 22 KIT mutants, in which tyrosine (Y) residue was substituted for phenylalanine (F) in the cytoplasmic domain, and introduced into BAF3 cells or 293T cells. On stimulation with SCF, BAF3 expressing KIT(WT)(WT) showed cell migration and Ca(2+) mobilization. Among 22 YF mutants, Y567F, Y569F, and Y719F showed significantly reduced cell migration and Ca(2+) mobilization compared to WT. In Y567F, Lyn activation on SCF stimulation decreased and C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) suppressed KIT-mediated Ca(2+) influx and cell migration, suggesting that Y567-mediated Src family kinase (SFK) activation leads to Ca(2+) influx and migration. Furthermore, we found that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and Erk1/2 were also regulated by Y567/SFK and involved in cell migration, and that p38 MAPK induced Ca(2+) influx, thereby leading to Erk1/2 activation. In Y719F, the binding of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) to KIT was lost and KIT-mediated cell migration and Ca(2+) mobilization were suppressed by PI3K chemical inhibitors or dominant-negative PI3K, suggesting the involvement of Y719-mediated PI3K pathway in cell migration. Combination of Csk and the PI3K inhibitor synergistically reduced cell migration, suggesting the cooperation of SFK and PI3K. Taken together, these results indicate that 2 major KIT signaling pathways lead to cell migration, one is Y567-SFK-p38 MAPK-Ca(2+) influx-Erk and the other is Y719-PI3K-Ca(2+) influx.
Cognitive development of term small for gestational age children at five years of age (2000)

Our findings indicate that child cognitive development is strongly associated with parental factors, but only marginally associated with intrauterine growth retardation.
IMC Bovine Pericardial Valve: 11 Years (1991)

From 1977 to 1988, 10,812 bovine pericardial valves were produced by IMC Biomédica and implanted. One thousand one hundred ninety-three were implanted by our group at IMC, including 666 exclusively in the mitral position. We are presenting our study of those mitral patients. Of the 663 patients, 586 were adults (over 21 years of age) and 77 were youngsters (under 21). Hospital mortality was 9.2%; 13.2% for the first 5.5 years (group 1) and 6.3% for the second 5.5 years (group II). Eleven year follow-up was 98.8% complete and the mean time was 3.8 years. The actuarial survival was 74.3% +/- 6.5% for the youngsters and 73.0% +/- 3.7% for the adults. The fatal valve-related late complications (death from thromboembolism, calcification, and endocarditis) had an incidence of 1% per patient-year as follows: (1) endocarditis, 0.6% per patient-year; (2) calcification 0.1% per patient-year; and (3) cerebral vascular accident, 0.3% per patient year. The actuarial study revealed 95.0% +/- 1.0% freedom from fatal complications related to the prosthesis. The nonfatal valve-related late complications had an incidence of 2.9% per patient-year as follows: (1) endocarditis, 0.5% per patient-year; (2) calcification, 1.8% per patient-year; (3) cerebral vascular accident, 0.3% per patient-year; (4) periprosthetic leakage, 0.2% per patient-year; and (5) rupture, 0.1% per patient-year.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Atmospheric environment during maneuvering descent from Martian orbit (1989)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.