gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
70 nm SOI-CMOS of 135 GHz f/sub max/ with dual offset-implanted source-drain extension structure for RF/analog and logic applications (2002)

We achieved 135 GHz f/sub max/ and 10.98 dB MSG at 40 GHz, which represent the world record data in CMOS published papers, by using a 70 nm body-tied partially-depleted (PD) SOI-CMOS with offset-implanted source-drain extension (SDE) and thick cobalt salicide. The suppression of V/sub th/ variations was also realized due to this structure. Dual offset-implanted SDE structure was proposed to realize high performance of both RF/analog and logic applications. We found that the optimized offset gate spacer width of the RF/analog parts is different from that of the logic parts.
A PIV Study of Pulsed Vortex Generator Jets (2004)

*† ‡ § The use of small jets of air has proved to be an effective means of flow control on low Reynolds number turbine blades. Pulsing of these jets has also shown benefits in reducing the amount of air needed to achieve the same benefits in flow control. An experiment using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) has been set up to investigate how these pulsed jets interact with the boundary layer to help stabilize it and keep the flow attached. A 25x scaled jet in a plate has been utilized. The 25.4 mm diameter jet has a pitch angle of 30° and a skew angle of 90°. Pitch angle is defined as the angle the jet makes with the surface of the plate, and the skew angle is the angle that the jet makes with the cross flow. The jet was pulsed at 0.5 Hz with varying pulse durations or duty cycles. Duty cycles of 10, 25, 50, and 100 percent were implemented. Velocity and vorticity planes were obtained and used in the characterization of the jet flow. Based on previous research, the starting vortex, which develops at the start of every cycle for each pulsed case, is the critical flow characteristic. Once the free jet characteristics are quantified, the jet with cross flow will be examined using two-dimensional PIV. Then the jet interaction with the boundary layer will also be characterized.
An Efficient MIMO Borehole Radar Imaging Method Based on High Degree of Freedom (2019)

In this paper, an efficient multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) borehole radar imaging method based on high degree of freedom is presented for subsurface sensing. The variable separations between different transmitter and receiver pairs in MIMO borehole radar are considered and introduced as imaging coefficients into the expanded unified MIMO sample set, which gives the MIMO sample set desired characteristics of high degree of freedom. By exploiting the high degree of freedom in the unified MIMO expanded sample set, the sample interpolation and energy migration of target reflections can be done in once efficient imaging processing for all transmitters of the MIMO radar system, and finally accurate target image with low sidelobe level can be delivered. The computational cost of the proposed method will barely increase with the number of transmitters in the MIMO radar survey, which enables the proposed method to handle MIMO borehole radar imaging in an accurate and efficient manner. The imaging properties of the proposed method are proven to be superior to the conventional imaging methods in sidelobe level and computational cost, which is suitable for large MIMO borehole imaging surveys in subsurface sensing applications.
Therapeutic effect of a TM4SF5-specific monoclonal antibody against colon cancer in a mouse model (2014)

Transmembrane 4 superfamily member 5 protein (TM4SF5) is presumed to serve as a molecular target to prevent or treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colon cancer in a mouse model. Previously, we reported the efficacy of anti-cancer peptide vaccine targeting TM4SF5. In addition, we reported an anti-proliferative effect of anti-TM4SF5 monoclonal antibody in HCC. Here, we investigated expression of TM4SF5 in 45 primary colon cancer tissues. Almost all of the colon cancer tissues expressed TM4SF5 based on immunohistochemistry using anti-TM4SF5 monoclonal antibody. The treatment of human colon cancer cells with anti-TM4SF5 antibody reduced growth of TM4SF5 expressing cells and enhanced expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin. Using mouse colon cancer models, we then evaluated the in vivo anti-cancer effect of anti-TM4SF5 antibody. Injection of the antibody significantly reduced growth of tumors priorly established by subcutaneous injection of human colon cancer cells HT-29 in a xenograft setting. We obtained similar results with mouse colon cancer cell line CT-26 in an allograft setting. Therefore, we suggest that the TM4SF5-specific monoclonal antibody has a therapeutic effect against colon cancer.
Permeability Measurement of Soft Magnetic Films at High Frequency and Multilayering Effect (1993)

This paper reports a new method for the measurement of permeability at high frequencies (1 MHz to 1 GHz). An inductance line with a magnetic/conductive/magnetic layer structure was used to estimate the permeability. The inductance line made it possible to measure frequency characteristics of the permeability up to the GHz range because of a low stray capacitance and high resonance frequency. The magnetic film pattern was designed so as to eliminate de-magnetizing field effects, and the permeability was estimated based on analysis of the magnetic circuit. Using this method, NiFe/SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and (Fe/SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> )/SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> multilayer films were confirmed to show superior frequency characteristics by a factor of 20 over those of NiFe single-layer film. Also, ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) was observed in these multilayer films at 650 and 750 MHz.
Properties of a field emitter of nanometric radius deduced from curvature of F-N plot (2006)

The slope of Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) plot is not constant but increases slightly in magnitude as the anode-cathode voltage V/sub a/ is reduced. Theory for emission from a spherical surface shows that this curvature of slope increases with the curvature of the emitting surface. Through detailed calculation using the change of F-N slope, the radius of curvature of the emitting region, surface field, effective solid angle of emission and electron supply factor can be deduced.
End-to-End Template Jumping by the Reverse Transcriptase Encoded by the R2 Retrotransposon (2004)

The reverse transcriptase encoded by the non-long terminal repeat retrotransposon R2 has been shown to be able to jump from the 5'-end of one RNA template (the donor) to the 3'-end of a second RNA template (the acceptor) in the absence of preexisting sequence identity between the two templates. These jumps between RNA templates have similarity to the end-to-end template jumps described for the RNA-directed RNA polymerases encoded by certain RNA viruses. Here we describe for the first time the mechanism by which such end-to-end template jumps can occur. Most template jumps by the R2 reverse transcriptase are brought about by the enzyme's ability to add nontemplated (overhanging) nucleotides to the cDNA when it reaches the end of the donor RNA. The enzyme then anneals these overhanging nucleotides to sequences at the 3'-end of the acceptor RNA. The annealing is most efficient if it involves the terminal nucleotide(s) of the acceptor RNA but can occur to sites at least 5 nucleotides from the 3'-end. These end-to-end jumps are similar to steps proposed to be part of the integration reaction of non-long terminal repeat retrotransposons and can explain chimeric integration products derived from multiple RNA templates.
Biological Aging and the Future of Geriatric Psychiatry (2016)

Advances in understanding the biological bases of aging have intellectually revitalized the field of geriatric psychiatry and broadened its scope to include promoting successful aging and studying resilience factors in older adults. To describe the process by which this paradigm shift has occurred and illustrate its implications for treatment and research of late-life brain disorders, late-life depression is discussed as a prototype case. Prior phases of geriatric psychiatry research were focused on achieving depressive symptom relief, outlining pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences between older and younger adults, and identifying moderators of treatment response. Building on this work, current geriatric psychiatry researchers have begun to disentangle the etiologic complexity in late-life depression by focusing on the causative aging-related processes involved, identifying both neurobiological and behavioral intermediates, and finally delineating depression subtypes that are distinguishable by their underlying biology and the treatment approach required. In this review, we discuss several age-related processes that are critical to the development of late-life mood disorders, outline implications of these processes for the clinical evaluation and management of later-life psychiatric disorders, and finally put forth suggestions for better integrating aging and developmental processes into the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria.
Defining Management Units for Wild Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus from Nine River Basins in Ghana (2022)

Despite the global importance of the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, especially to aquaculture, knowledge of genetic variability within native populations is still limited. While several studies have assessed genetic differentiation across the major drainage basins of Africa, relatively little effort has focused on characterizing genetic differentiation at finer scales. We assessed genetic variation in O. niloticus within and among nine drainage basins in Ghana using nuclear microsatellite DNA markers as the basis for identifying potential units of conservation among wild populations. We screened 312 wild individuals using eight nuclear microsatellite DNA markers. We found moderate genetic diversity within and differentiation among all wild populations studied, with strong signals of recent demographic bottlenecks in several populations. Genetic structure among 11 populations suggested the presence of up to ten management units (MUs). In particular, the Black Volta and the Tano–Asuhyea populations, which were the most genetically distinct and geographically isolated and may be most at risk of loss of genetic diversity over time, may well represent evolutionary significant units. Therefore, at the minimum, the Black Volta and Tano–Asuhyea populations should be prioritized for conservation actions to sustain them over the long-term.
Connectomic disturbances underlying insomnia disorder and predictors of treatment response (2022)

Machine learning analysis into the functional connectome in ID may provide useful insight into diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
TiN preparation by PBII using titanium arc plasma in nitrogen gas (2002)

A PBII facility developed has a feature that a substrate is in a common chamber with a metallic arc source. The substrate is immersed in the arc plasma and a negative high voltage is applied for ion implantation. The titanium metallic arc of DC70A is produced in the chamber. A pulse modulator has specifications of 60 kV/2.5 A/30 /spl mu/s, titanium nitride (TiN) films were prepared on a silicon substrate (n-n/sup +/, [111], 400 /spl mu/m in thickness) and titanium ions were simultaneously implanted by applying voltages 20 to 50 kV of negative polarity to the substrate. XPS results suggest that the implanted layer is formed between TiN layer and substrate by thermal diffusion under an application of -10 kV to the substrate. The crystal orientation of the film produced by pulsed voltage application in PBII is different from the DC bias case. It is strongly [200] preferred orientation for the pulsed voltages at nitrogen pressure of 0.27 Pa, while it is [111] and [220] preferred orientations for DC bias of -500 V. The film hardness increases with increasing pulse voltage, and the hardness for -40 kV pulse application is almost equal to that for DC -500 V.
Capsaicin—the active principle of cayenne pepper (1877)

J. C. Thresh, Analyst, 1877, 2, 108 DOI: 10.1039/AN8770200108
Lack of Association between Interleukin-1 alpha rs1800587 Polymorphism and Alzheimer's Disease in Two Independent European Samples (2009)

Interleukin-1 (IL1) can contribute to pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by promoting deposition of amyloid-beta in the brain. The gene encoding IL1 alpha (IL1A) has a common polymorphism in its 5' regulatory region (rs1800587) with possible functional effects. IL1A T/T genotype has been associated with AD but the overall effect is modest and negative studies have been published. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the IL1A rs1800587 polymorphism with AD in two independent case-control groups from Greece (Athens) and Italy (Faenza and Granarolo). Preliminary results from the ongoing sample (110 patients with sporadic AD and 130 nonpsychiatric controls) showed no association between IL1A variants and AD, however C/T heterozygotes had more severe depression in AD (Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia) compared to other genotypes (F = 4.56, d.f = 1, p = 0.037) after controlling for age, illness duration and cognitive impairment (MMSE). Despite the small sample size and the possibility of a false negative finding, our preliminary data support the hypothesis the IL1A rs1800587 variants are not associated with AD. The effect of the IL1A on depressive symptomatology warrants further investigations, however the lack of a gene-dose relationship would suggest a false positive.
Drivetrain Noise and Vibration Troubleshooting (2001)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Conducting effective drivetrain NVH (Noise, Vibration and Harshness) troubleshooting is difficult because its execution requires commanding knowledge and experience on complicated vehicle system interactions. This is especially true for commercial vehicles due to the wide variety of available powertrain and chassis configurations and broad spectrum of vehicle applications. Furthermore, access to revenue producing commercial vehicles is often limited. Problem solving must be carried out within a tight schedule. Under these circumstances, a practical drivetrain NVH troubleshooting guide will come in handy. The objective of this paper is to document the “know-how” we have learned. Subjects covered in the discussions are underlying physics, problem diagnosis, solutions, and problem avoidance. The problem solving methodology and solutions for various powertrain NVH problems are exemplified by six case studies: Powertrain Torsional Vibration, Powerpack System Bending Vibration, Neutral Idle Gear Rattle, Coasting Gear Rattle, Gear Noise, and Transmission Shift Lever Jump-out.&lt;/div&gt;
Cetuximab Plus Chemoradiotherapy for HIV-Associated Anal Carcinoma: A Phase II AIDS Malignancy Consortium Trial (2017)

Purpose Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC) is characterized by high locoregional failure (LRF) rates after definitive chemoradiation (CRT), associated with anogenital human papilloma virus, and often appears in HIV infection. Because cetuximab enhances the effect of radiation therapy in human papilloma virus-associated oropharyngeal SCC, we hypothesized that adding cetuximab to CRT would reduce LRF in SCCAC. Methods Forty-five patients with stage I to III SCCAC and HIV infection received CRT: 45 to 54 Gy radiation therapy to the primary tumor and regional lymph nodes plus eight once-weekly doses of concurrent cetuximab and two cycles of cisplatin and fluorouracil. The study was designed to detect at least a 50% reduction in 3-year LRF rate (one-sided α, 0.10; power, 90%), assuming a 35% LRF rate from historical data. Results The 3-year LRF rate was 42% (95% CI, 28% to 56%; one-sided P = .9) by binomial proportional estimate using the prespecified end point (LRF or alive without LRF and followed < 3 years), and 20% (95% CI, 10% to 37%) by Kaplan-Meier estimate in post hoc analysis using definitions and methods consistent with historical data. Three-year rates by Kaplan-Meier estimate were 72% (95% CI, 56% to 84%) for progression-free survival and 79% (95% CI, 63% to 89%) for overall survival. Grade 4 toxicity occurred in 26%, and 4% had treatment-associated deaths. Conclusion HIV-associated SCCAC is potentially curable with definitive CRT. Although addition of cetuximab may result in less LRF, the 20% recurrence and 26% grade 4 toxicity rates indicate the continued need for more-effective and less-toxic therapies.
Foam Fractionation Rates (1970)

Abstract An empirical model enables the relation of the batch foam fractionation rate as a power function of the air rate and of the instantaneous residual surfactant concentration, eliminating the bubble size which is difficult to control and to measure. For the cationic surfactant, ethylhexadecyl-dimethylarnmonium bromide, the batch foam fractionation rate is directly proportional to the residual surfactant concentration to the first power, except for dilute (>45 mg/liter) solutions, and including suspensions containing colloidal ferric oxide and polynucleated, complexed cyanider Constants obtained from batch data can be used in the analogue equation for continuous operation to predict accurately the continuous foam fractionation rate, for a single air rate but over a substantial range of feed rates and feed surfactant concentrations. Continuous data from an entirely different column can be fit by a power function equation of the same form, with the power on the effluent or bottoms surfactant concentration again being unity. The accuracy of the predictive equations is in the range 10–18%.
Synthesis of soluble polymeric photosensitizers with the 4‐nitro‐1‐naphthyl‐carbamoyl as pendant group (1990)

Abstract Several models of monomers, homopolymers, and copolymers containing a photosensitizer group, 4‐nitro‐1‐naphthyl‐carbamoyl (NNC), have been synthesized. Synthetic methods are described, in addition to two routes for copolymers preparation. First, the radical copolymerization between monomers with the photosensitizer group built‐in and comercial monomers such as styrene and methyl acrylate and, second, polymer modification by nucleophilic reaction between carbonyl group polymer supported and nitro‐naphthyl amine. All products were characterized and one of the resulting soluble polymeric photosensitizer and its model compound, were tested as triplet energy donors against trans‐ stilbene and their Stern–Volmer constants were determined. Results show that the sensitizer efficiency is closer to that of the well known benzophenone sensitizer and higher than that of the acetophenone, while the sensitizer efficiency disminished when the chromophore is bonded to the polymer.
Channeling Studies of CeO₂ and Ce₁-xZrxO₂ Films on Yttria-Stabilized ZrO₂(111) (2001)

Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and channeling techniques have been used to investigate the crystalline quality and interfacial properties of epitaxially grown CeO₂ and Ce₀.₇Zr₀.₃O₂ films on yttria-stabilized ZrO₂(111) substrates. Both films appear to have high crystalline quality with minimum yeild of Ce in the CeO₂ and Ce₀.₇Zr₀.₃O₂ films determined to be 4.7% and 12.1% respectively. Visibility of more Ce atoms to the ion beam at the interface compared to the bulk of the film indicates that both films show significant disorder at the interface. The normalized angular yield curves obtained from Ce and Zr indicate that the Ce atomic rows in the CeO₂ film are parallel to the Zr atomic rows in the substrates. Both films appear to have high crystalline quality with minimum yeild of Ce in the CeO₂ and Ce₀.₇Zr₀.₃O₂ films determined to be 4.7% and 12.1% respectively. Visibility of more Ce atoms to the ion beam at the interface compared to the bulk of the film indicates that both films show significant disorder at the interface. The normalized angular yield curves obtained from Ce and Zr indicate that the Ce atomic rows in the CeO₂ film are parallel to the Zr atomic rows in the substrates. Approximately 88%more » of the Zr atoms substitutionally occupy the Ce cation lattice sites in the Ce₀.₇Zr₀.₃O₂ film.« less
EmTOS: A Development Tool for Heterogeneous Sensor Networks (2004)

Recently deployed Wireless Sensor Network systems (WSNs) are increasingly following {\\em heterogeneous
Association of serum free fatty acids level with coronary artery disease (2012)

Objective To analyze the association of serum free fatty acids(FFA) level with coronary artery disease(CAD). Methods A total of 169 hospitalized patients(male 105,female 64) who underwent coronary angiography were collected.Severity of CAD was assessed by the coronary stenosis index(CSI). Results(1) Coronary angiography revealed that 115(men 80) had CAD.The levels of fasting FFA and 2 h postprandial FFA(2hFFA) showed no difference between men and women(P0.05).(2) The levels of fasting FFA and CSI in CAD patients were higher than non-CAD patients(P0.05-0.01),however,the level of HDL-c was lower in CAD patients(P0.05).(3) The fasting FFA level was higher in subjects with 1-vessel and multi-vessel lesions than non-CAD patients(P0.05).But there were no differences in the level of 2hFFA(P0.05).(4) Logistic regression demonstrated that fasting FFA was independently correlated with CAD after adjustments of other traditional factors. Conclusions Serum fasting FFA level was associated with coronary artery lesion.
Energization and Start-Up of CHB-Based Modular Three-Stage Solid-State Transformers (2018)

This paper discusses the energization and start-up process of modular three-stage solid-state transformers (SSTs) based on a cascaded H-bridge topology. A key element of the SST is the auxiliary power supply (APS) feeding the auxiliary circuitry. Redundancy and simpler implementation can be achieved by powering the APSs from the dc-link capacitors of cells, but at the expense of a more challenging start-up process of the SST. The first step of this process must be performed before APSs are operative. This can result in undesired transient events (inrush currents, voltage sags in the capacitors voltages, etc.), which could prevent a proper start-up of the SST or even jeopardize the power devices or other elements. A simple strategy for the energization and start-up of SSTs using this APS structure is proposed. The method is valid for both grid-forming and grid-feeding operations of the SST, regardless of the energization port and without the addition of any extra circuitry. Simulation and experimental results are provided.