gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Icing-protection requirements for reciprocating-engine induction system (1949)

From Summary: "Despite the development of relatively ice-free fuel-metering systems, the widespread use of alternate and heated-air intakes, and the use of alcohol for emergency de-icing, icing of aircraft-engine induction systems is a serious problem. Investigations have been made to study and to combat all phases of this icing problem. From these investigations, criterions for safe operation and for design of new induction systems have been established. The results were obtained from laboratory investigations of carburetor-supercharger combinations, wind-tunnel investigations of air scoops, multicylinder-engine studies, and flight investigations. Characteristics of three forms of ice, impact, throttling, and fuel evaporation were studied."
Improper Signaling Versus Time-Sharing in the SISO Z-Interference Channel (2017)

It has recently been shown that improper signaling enlarges the rate region of the Gaussian single-antenna one-sided interference channel (Z-interference channel, ZIFC) under the assumptions that all input signals are Gaussian and that interference is treated as noise. It was pointed out that this result also holds if time-sharing between different operation points is allowed. However, the existing literature has considered the problem only for time-sharing under short-term average power constraints, i.e., if the average transmit powers are limited individually in each time slot. We consider the same problem under long-term average power constraints, where the transmit powers are limited only after averaging over all time slots. Interestingly, this modification changes the outcome of the study significantly: we can show that improper signaling can no longer bring any gains in this case.
Electrochemically-induced charge and mass transport in polypyrrole/poly(styrene sulfonate) molecular composites (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemically-induced charge and mass transport in polypyrrole/poly(styrene sulfonate) molecular compositesCharles K. Baker, Yong Jian Qiu, and John R. ReynoldsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 11, 4446–4452Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100164a053https://doi.org/10.1021/j100164a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views597Altmetric-Citations119LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Liposomes in topical drug delivery. (1982)

The possible use of liposomes as topical drug delivery vehicles for both water- and lipid-soluble drugs has been investigated. Data for two characteristic drugs, penicillin G and indoxole, are presented. Liposome uptake by the cornea is greatest for positively charged liposomes, less for negatively charged liposomes, and least for neutral liposomes, suggesting that the initial interaction between the corneal surface and liposomes is electrostatic adsorption. Positively charged unilamellar liposomes enhanced transcorneal flux of penicillin G across isolated rabbit cornea more than fourfold. Liposomal entrapment of drug is prerequisite to enhanced transport; corneal penetration was not enhanced when liposomes that were preformed in the absence of drug were mixed with penicillin G immediately before application to the cornea. Although penicillin G is water-soluble, the findings indicate that it secondarily associates with liposome membranes, possibly by insertion of its hydrophobic end into the lipid bilayer. Indoxole, however, was incorporated directly into the membranes of pure phosphatidyl choline liposomes. Liposome-mediated drug flux efficiency after topical instillation in rats was significantly greater than that obtained with equivalent concentration of drug delivered in polysorbate 80. Ten times more drug in polysorbate 80 was required to equal liposome-mediated flux efficiency. The findings suggest that liposomes enhance corneal penetration of drug by adsorbing to the corneal surface, with direct transfer of drug from liposomal to epithelial cell membranes.
Phase Control in Hafnia: New Synthesis Approach and Convergence of Average and Local Structure Properties (2019)

Technologically relevant tetragonal/cubic phases of HfO<sub>2</sub> can be stabilized at room temperature by doping with trivalent rare earths using various approaches denoted generically as bulk coprecipitation. Using in situ/ex situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and in situ/ex situ site-selective, time-gated luminescence spectroscopy, we show that wet impregnation of hafnia nanoparticles with 10% Eu oxide followed by mild calcination in air at 500 °C produces an efficient stabilization of the cubic phase, comparable to that obtained by bulk precipitation. The physical reasons behind the apparently conflictual data concerning the actual crystallographic phase and the local symmetry around the Eu stabilizer and how these can be mediated by luminescence analysis are also discussed. Apparently, the cubic crystal structure symmetry determined by XRD results in a pseudocubic/tetragonal local structure around Eu determined by luminescence. Considering the recent findings on wet impregnated CeO<sub>2</sub> and ZrO<sub>2</sub>, it is concluded that CeO<sub>2</sub>, ZrO<sub>2</sub>, and HfO<sub>2</sub> represent a unique case of a family of oxides that is extremely tolerant to heavy doping by wet impregnation. In this way, the same batch of preformed nanoparticles can be doped with different lanthanide concentrations or with various lanthanides at a fixed concentration, allowing a systematic and reliable investigation of the effect of doping, lanthanide type, and lanthanide concentration on the various functionalities of these technologically relevant oxides.
ECRG2, a novel transcriptional target of p53, modulates cancer cell sensitivity to DNA damage (2020)

Esophageal Cancer-Related Gene 2 (ECRG2) is a recently identified tumor suppressor, its regulation and involvement in DNA damage response are unknown. Here, we show that DNA damage-induced ECRG2 upregulation coincided with p53 activation and occurred in a p53-dependent manner. We identified two p53-binding sites within ECRG2 promoter and found the promoter activity, mRNA, and protein expression to be regulated by p53. We show that DNA damage significantly enhanced p53 binding to ECRG2 promoter at the anticipated p53-binding sites. We identified a novel natural ECRG2 promoter variant harboring a small deletion that exists in the genomes of ~38.5% of world population and showed this variant to be defective in responding to p53 and DNA-damage. ECRG2 overexpression induced cancer cell death; ECRG2 gene disruption enhanced cell survival following anticancer drug treatments even when p53 was induced. We showed that lower expression of ECRG2 in multiple human malignancies correlated with reduced disease-free survival in patients. Collectively, our novel findings indicate that ECRG2 is an important target of p53 during DNA damage-induced response and plays a critical role in influencing cancer cell sensitivity to DNA damage-inducing cancer therapeutics.
Activity-aware computing: modeling of human activity and behavior (2008)

With our society becoming increasingly mobile and devices that are small, inexpensive and wireless, we are transitioning from an age of desktop computing to an age where computers are used in all aspects of life and leisure. Ubiquitous Computing is largely concerned with the progression of computers from stationary desktop environments to environments where computers and sensors are integrated with objects and every aspect of our daily life, often in an invisible way. 
This dissertation investigates an important problem in Ubiquitous Computing: detecting domestic activities using ubiquitously deployed sensors from data sets of limited size. The dissertation assumes that home environments in the next 20 years will support a wide range of sensing technologies that are built in smart appliances and the surrounding environment (e.g. RFID tags and readers, accelerometers, temperature sensors etc.). The dissertation also assumes that there will be an abundance of embedded CPU power in the environment that will enable fast and efficient spectral analysis and feature extraction from sensor signals. Using efficient wireless technologies such as the new Bluetooth Wibree protocol, these devices will be able to communicate their sensed data in an efficient way. 
Two approaches are presented for domestic activity recognition from wireless sensors. The first approach is rule-based and logical in nature and is suitable when sensor data is not present for training. Importantly, fuzzy distributions model the uncertainty and variability in expert knowledge. The second approach is probabilistic in nature and learns by observation without human intervention. This approach uses Bayesian Learning and is optimized to deal with sparse data sets (with hundreds of sensor readings and few instances of activities). Further, a case study is presented in which activity recognition optimizes energy consumption for wireless PC cards that results in significant energy savings. This dissertation concludes by highlighting major and minor results. A summary of the author's future and current research efforts is presented including the application of activity recognition in medical interventions and resource allocation problems.
Evidence for ferroelastic switching and nanoscopic domains in polycrystalline Si-doped hafnium oxide films (2023)

The mechanism of nanoscopic domain switching in ferroelectric hafnium oxide and its implications for antiferroelectric-like behavior as well as for the wake-up effect is still widely discussed. Understanding this mechanism is of vital importance for a multitude of applications like piezoelectric actuators, pyroelectric sensors, and nonvolatile memory devices. In this article, electrical and physical analysis methods are used to characterize ferroelectric hafnium oxide on the nanoscopic as well as the macroscopic length scale. Evidence for nanoscopic domains is found using transmission Kikuchi diffraction. In combination with macroscopic Preisach density measurements, strong evidence is found that antiferroelectric-like behavior and wake-up are governed by ferroelastic switching, i.e., a 90° domain wall motion. Based on these insights, the material stack can be optimized to further improve microelectronic applications based on HfO2.
Matched filter acquisition of hybrid direct sequence slow frequency hopped signals (2013)

This paper offers timing acquisition probabilities for hybrid direct sequence slow frequency hopping (FH) systems in fixed and fading channels filling the cap in such studies around slow FH systems. Since the investigated system is very generic it covers many acquisition systems as special cases, therefore increasing usability of the results in design and analysis of timing synchronization approaches. In particular, the paper provides synchronization probabilities used in serial search and matched filtering based approaches in additive white Gaussian noise as well as flat Rayleigh and Rician fading channels. The simulations confirm that the used theoretical approximations are valid.
Leveraging the explainability of associative classifiers to support quantitative stock trading (2020)

Forecasting the stock market is particularly challenging due to the presence of a variety of inter-related economic and political factors. In recent years, the application of Machine Learning algorithms in quantitative stock trading systems has become established, as it enables a data-driven approach to investing in the financial markets. However, most professional traders still look for an explanation of automatically generated signals to verify their adherence to technical and fundamental rules.
General series solution for finite square-well energy levels for use in wave-packet studies (2000)

We develop a series solution for the bound-state energy levels of the quantum-mechanical one-dimensional finite square-well potential. We show that this general solution is useful for local approximations of the energy spectrum (which target a particular energy range of the potential well for high accuracy), for global approximations of the energy spectrum (which provide analytic expressions of reasonable accuracy for the entire range of bound states), and for numerical methods. This solution also provides an analytic description of dynamical phenomena; with it, we compute the time scales of classical motion, revivals, and super-revivals for wave-packet states excited in the well.
Type Curves for Predicting Directional Tendencies of Simple Bottom-Hole Assemblies (1998)

The paper provides solutions for predicting directional tendencies of slick and single stabilizer bottom-hole assemblies (BHA) in curved boreholes. Solutions are derived in a curvilinear system of coordinates in a dimensionless form. These solutions are presented in the form of type curves. Type curves allow for quick evaluation of directional tendencies of a given BHA by providing values of side force and tilt angle at the bit. Using these values an anticipated direction of bit displacement is evaluated, using concepts of formation anisotropy index (FAI) and bit anisotropy index (BAI). Procedures are illustrated by examples of evaluation of side force and tilt at the bit for a slick and single stabilizer BHA. The resulting bit displacements are calculated assuming formation anisotropy and drill bit directional tendencies (FAI and BAI). The results derived from type curves are in agreement with computer simulated data. The comparison shows that application of graphical solutions (type curves) yields only slight error that can be ignored for practical purposes.
Compositional Controls on Mudrock Pore-Size Distribution: An Example from Niobrara Formation (2012)

Abstract Speculation exists about the presence of micropore and mesopore networks either exclusively within the organic matter or as pore systems in the inorganic components. This study presents a comparison of pore-size distributions (PSD) in a set of fine grained rocks from the Niobrara Formation using a combination of meticulous, precise, and repeatable laboratory preparation and measurement techniques. The analyses were performed on aliquot samples of ground powders (&amp;lt;0.4 mm) following rigorous procedures of homogenization and division (splitting) to obtain mineralogically and chemically equivalent portions for each analysis. The mesopore and micropore distribution was measured by conventional subcritical N2 gas-adsorption analysis at 77.3 K. These results, combined with quantitative mineral analysis by XRD and organic content and maturity measurements, indicate that the abundance of illite-smectite group clay controls the small scale pore features in the Niobrara Formation. The samples show a characteristic 3 nm pore-size distribution peak that correlates strongly with clay abundance, but not with organic content. The low thermal maturity of the organic matter (OM) further implies the lack of associated small pores. Instead, this non-porous OM hinders access to the fine mesopore structure of the clay aggregates.
Pulse Electrodeposition of Ni-W Alloy for Trench Filling in Microelectromechanical Systems (2008)

The effect of pulse current (PC) on Ni-W alloy electrodeposition was investigated to fill the trenches with aspect ratio 1:2 for MEMS applications. Rapid deposition of top side in trench produced a void in electrodeposits with direct current (DC). Morphology of Ni-W electrodeposition inside trench was strongly influenced by the applied current density and the current off-time (t(off)). Enhanced filling phenomena were observed with increasing current off-time because of decreasing concentration gradient between top and bottom in trench. The complete Ni-W filling of trench was achieved with a current density of 200 mA/cm2 and a current on- and off-time of 100 ms and 300 ms, respectively. Amorphous structure was revealed in both DC and PC electrodeposits and the concentration of W in Ni-W electrodeposits for complete filling of trench was about 24% in atomic ratio.
Molecular diagnostics: an FDA perspective (2003)

The potential medical applications of microarrays and in vitro diagnostic devices for global assessments of DNA sequence variations, relative RNA abundance and measurements of proteins have generated much excitement, and some skepticism, within the biomedical community. It has been suggested that within the next decade these microarrays and diagnostic devices will be routinely used in the selection, assessment and quality control of the best drugs for pharmaceutical development, at the bedside for diagnostics and for clinical monitoring of both desired and adverse outcomes of therapeutic interventions. Realizing such potential will be a challenge to the entire scientific community as often breakthroughs which show great promise at the bench fail to meet the requirements of clinicians and regulatory scientists, and to make the transition into common clinical and regulatory practice. The development of a co-operative framework between regulators, product sponsors and technology experts will be essential for realizing the revolutionary promise these platforms could have on the evolution of drug development, regulatory science, the practice of medicine and public health.
Fully Coherent Triple Sum Frequency Spectroscopy of a Benzene Fermi Resonance (2013)

In this paper we present a new multiresonant coherent multidimensional spectroscopy (CMDS) technique employing a pathway that is both fully coherent and necessarily unique. This technique is based on a Triple Sum Frequency (TSF) coherence pathway with three excitation pulses having frequencies ω1, ω2, and ω3 and the phase matching condition k→1 + k→2 + k→3. Two-dimensional spectra are created by independently tuning the ω1 and ω2 pulses across vibrational resonances while monitoring the intensity of a visible output beam created by a Raman transition induced by the ω3 pulse. Two-dimensional plots of the coherent dynamics are created by independently scanning the τ21 and τ31 delay times between the different frequency excitation pulses over all time orderings. TSF CMDS separates fundamental and overtone/combination band states uniquely onto the ω1 and ω2 axes when τ21 ≠ 0. TSF is valuable in its ability to probe states of complementary parity to those seen in Doubly Vibrationally Enhanced Four-Wave Mixing (DOVE-FWM), the other fully coherent mixed electronic/vibrational CMDS method. This capability is demonstrated through the use of neat benzene as a model system, where the center of inversion imposes strict parity selection rules.
Vehicle Idle Vibration Development with DFSS Method (2023)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes idle vibration reduction methods using a Stellantis vehicle as a case study. The causes of idle vibration are investigated using the NVH source, path, and receiver method. The torque transfer path into a vehicle has shown to be very important in determining vehicle idle vibration response. New electronic control enablers that affect idle vibration are tested and discussed, including Neutral Idle Control (NIC), Transfer-case Idle Control (TIC,®), and Switchable Engine Mounts (SEM). The Design For Six Sigma (DFSS) analysis method is used to arrive at an optimized result for vehicle idle vibration. This paper also discusses the results confirming TIC’s capability of reducing idle vibration on all-wheel drive vehicles.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Transfer-case Idle Control is a new idle vibration control enabler developed by Stellantis and a patent was awarded by the United State Patent and Trademark Office.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Preparation of polymer‐supported zirconocene catalysts and olefin polymerization (1999)

A novel polymer-supported metallocene catalyst with crosslinked poly(styrene-co-acrylamide) (PSAm) as the support has been prepared and characterized. The probability of long sequences of acrylamide (Am) in PSAm is still low even at an Am amount of 32.8 mol %, implying the relatively homogeneous distribution of Am. The infrared spectra of PSAm and the supported catalyst substantiate that an amide group in PSAm coordinates with methylaluminoxane through both oxygen and nitrogen atoms. Ethylene/α-octene copolymerization showed that the catalytic activity is not markedly affected by adding α-octene. 13C NMR analysis of the ethylene/α-octene copolymer indicated that the composition distribution of the copolymer is uniform. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 2253–2258, 1999
El conocimiento del profesor en contextos multiculturales. Un estudio narrativo (2011)

La relevancia adquirida por el fenomeno multicultural en los ultimos anos, junto al hecho de que la reforma educativa haya revalorizado las diferencias individuales, hay comprometido al profesor en la preservacion de la diversidad existente y ofrezca la posiblidad de articular propuestas curriculares que respondan a la diversidad cultural, conforman algunos de los referentes basicos de esta investigacion. La minuciosa revision bibliografica que ha acompanado a este trabajo ha revelado que se sabe realmente poco de lo que saben los profesores que trbajan conalumno ciulturalmente diversos, que sonmuy pocas las investigaciones que toman ocmo nucleo de analisis a los profesores en contextos multiculturales y que la diversidad cultural recibe poca antencion en los programas formativos de los profesores. Esta constratacionha fpermitido centrar el problema de esta investigacion en el: estudio del declarado y el en la accion de los profesores que trabajan en contextos multiculturales. El estudio de este problema de investigacion se encuentra vinculado a tres ambitos de trabajo en torno a los cuales se gesta la propuesta: los estudios sobre el conocimiento y el estudio de casos y la formacion del profesorado para la diversidad cultural. El analisis de la informacion obtenida en cada uno de los cuatros casos que integran la muestra ha permitido la elaboracion de un sistema de categorias desde el que es posible aproximarse al conocimiento que declaran y utilizan los profesores que trabajan con alumnos culturalmente heterogeneos. Finalmente, los resultados obtenidos no solo nos acercan a los rasgos mas significativos de cad uno de los casos, sino que hace posible caracterizar el perfil profesional de los profesores que trabajan en contextos multiculturales en funcion de los atributos que definen el conocimiento que estos declaran y utilizan en su ensenanza.