gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic detoxification and adjuvant-activity retention ofEscherichia colienterotoxin LT (2006)

Intensive effort has been invested in the search for new effective vaccines that can be conveniently administered, with minimal handling of birds. Heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) of Escherichia coli H10407 is known as a powerful adjuvant for injection and oral administration. However, to use the toxin as an immunostimulator in animals, its toxicity must be neutralized. To this aim, we modified the LT gene by changing two amino acids (threonine 50 and valine 53) of the A subunit to proline. The modified non-toxic LT gene (nLT) was cloned and expressed in E. coli as a soluble protein. The protein was efficiently purified, reaching levels of about 20 mg active hexameric nLT per litre of induced culture. The mutated protein, nLT, and the wild-type protein (wtLT) were administered orally to chickens. Those treated with the wtLT exhibited diarrhoea, whereas chickens treated with the nLT showed no signs of disease compared with untreated birds. The new non-toxic, purified nLT stimulated antibody production in birds treated by injection or by oral administration. A field trial with layers that included a series of injections of Bovine Serum Albumin mixed with nLT showed this modified LT's ability to act as an adjuvant for the antigen mixed with it. This study demonstrates the efficient expression and purification of LT, in which toxicity was neutralized by genetic modification. Such an approach will enable the use of a non-toxic LT molecule with a modified A subunit by the poultry industry, to enhance immune responses against antigens co-vaccinated with it.
Cochlear Inner and Outer Hair Cells: Functional Differences (1972)

The cochlear microphonic response was measured with differential electrodes from the first and third cochlear turns of normal guinea pigs and those treated with the ototoxic drug kanamycin. Histological controls showed that the outer hair cells in treated animals were missing over the basal half of the damaged cochleas, while the inner hair cells were intact. Measurements are consistent with the hypothesis that the potentials produced by inner hair cells are proportional to the velocity of the basilar membrane, whereas potentials generated by outer hair cells (which dominate the response of normal cochleas) are proportional displacement of the basilar membrane.
Plasma ionized calcium during open‐heart surgery (1985)

Plasma ionized calcium has been measured in eighteen patients undergoing open heart surgery. No change in ionized calcium concentration was found during the period of cardiopulmonary bypass. In the early postbypass period, a wide range of ionized calcium concentrations was found, but this did not obviously affect myocardial performance. Factors influencing the ionized calcium concentration under these circumstances are discussed.
Феномен направленной миграции стволовых клеток млекопитающих к очагу экспериментальной глиобластомы как основа инновационной технологии противоопухолевой терапии и адресной доставки лекарственных веществ (2013)

Migration to the lesion is a fundamental property of stem cells of mammals. This property offers good prospects for their practical applications in oncology for targeted transport of drugs. The opportunity of purposeful migration into the area of glioma embryonic and adult neural stem cells, but their use is limited. With the practices of appropriate use hematopoietic stream cells. The aim of the work was to study the ability of the irtargeted migration to the site of an experimental glioma C6 line. Work carried out on Wistar rats, used neuroimaging, histological, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence techniques. The results confirm the possibility of purposeful migration of hematopoietic stem cells to the site of glial brain tumors in experimental animals.
III-V Lasers on Silicon by Selective Area Heteroepitaxy (2022)

GaAs/InGaAs quantum-well micro-disk lasers on silicon realized by selective area heteroepitaxy is reported. The laser is grown in a 15-µm-wide silicon dioxide recess and demonstrates a threshold of 400 µW and emission at 940 nm.
De Novo Sequencing of Unique Sequence Tags for Discovery of Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins (2008)

De novo sequencing is a spectrum analysis approach for mass spectrometry data to discover post-translational modifications in proteins; however, such an approach is still in its infancy and is still not widely applied to proteomic practices due to its limited reliability. In this work, we describe a de novo sequencing approach for the discovery of protein modifications based on identification of the proteome UStags (Shen, Y.; Tolić, N.; Hixson, K. K.; Purvine, S. O.; Pasa-Tolić, L.; Qian, W. J.; Adkins, J. N.; Moore, R. J.; Smith, R. D. Anal. Chem. 2008, 80, 1871-1882). The de novo information was obtained from Fourier-transform tandem mass spectrometry data for peptides and polypeptides from a yeast lysate, and the de novo sequences obtained were selected based on filter levels designed to provide a limited yet high quality subset of UStags. The DNA-predicted database protein sequences were then compared to the UStags, and the differences observed across or in the UStags (i.e., the UStags' prefix and suffix sequences and the UStags themselves) were used to infer possible sequence modifications. With this de novo-UStag approach, we uncovered some unexpected variances within several yeast protein sequences due to amino acid mutations and/or multiple modifications to the predicted protein sequences. To determine false discovery rates, two random (false) databases were independently used for sequence matching, and ~3% false discovery rates were estimated for the de novo-UStag approach. The factors affecting the reliability (e.g., existence of de novo sequencing noise residues and redundant sequences) and the sensitivity of the approach were investigated and described. The combined de novo-UStag approach complements the UStag method previously reported by enabling the discovery of new protein modifications.
Production of C, N Alternating 2D Materials Using Covalent Modification and Their Electroluminescence Performance (2021)

Carbon nitrides (C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) show excellent properties in various optical and optoelectronic applications. However, their application to electroluminescence (EL) devices is limited by the lack of production methods of homogeneous dispersions in organic solvents, which are critically required for device fabrication. Herein, a strategy to generate stable dispersions of fluorescent, 2D C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> materials, and demonstrate light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on them is proposed. The treatment of urea-driven C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> (UCN) with methoxy-benzene diazonium salt (MD) produces dispersions in organic solvents. Experimental and theoretical studies suggest that MD treatment passivates the surface defects of the UCN. The resulting LED devices show bright green luminescence with an external quantum efficiency of 0.91%. This unprecedented result opens an era of C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> emitters as future promising light emitters in displays and solid-state lighting.
Synthese von immobilisierter CMP-Sialinsäure und ihre enzymatische Übertragung durch Sialyltransferase (1998)

Eine Immobilisierungsmethode für Glycoproteine beruht auf der Reaktion von immobilisiertem CMP-NeuAc (CMP-Sialinsäure) mit Sialyltransferase (siehe Schema). Die Übertragungsaktivität wurde unter verschiedenen Bedingungen getestet; als Sialylacceptoren fungierten ein entsprechendes Oligosaccharid oder ein Asialoglycoprotein. Die Festphasensynthese von CMP-NeuAc wird ebenfalls beschrieben.
Cyclope, une Architecture Pour la Vision Temps Réel en Relief (2005)

International audience
Cavitation Resonance (2008)

This article deals with a phenomenon named as cavitation resonance. Cavitation-associated pressure fluctuations in hydraulic systems affect their design, operation, and safety. Under certain conditions, the amplitude of a particular component of these fluctuations will be significantly magnified, causing a resonance. Here, the observed phenomenon from three different flow systems is briefly introduced. Based on the coupling of two subsystems, a hypothesis of (macroscopic) mechanism reduced from these experimental observations is presented.
A Ten-Year Prospectus for Mathematical Epidemiology (2022)

There is little significant work at the intersection of mathematical and computational epidemiology and detailed psychological processes, representations and mechanisms. This is true despite general agreement in the scientific community and the general public that human behavior–in its seemingly infinite variation and heterogeneity, susceptibility to bias, context and habit–is an integral if not fundamental component of what drives the dynamics of infectious disease. The COVID-19 pandemic serves as a close and poignant reminder. We offer a ten-year prospectus of kinds that centers around an unprecedented scientific approach: the integration of detailed psychological models into rigorous mathematical and computational epidemiological frameworks in a way that pushes the boundaries of both psychological science and population models of behavior.
Two nonspecific phospholipid exchange proteins from beef liver. 1. Purification and characterization (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo nonspecific phospholipid exchange proteins from beef liver. 1. Purification and characterizationRichard C. Crain and Donald B. ZilversmitCite this: Biochemistry 1980, 19, 7, 1433–1439Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00548a026https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00548a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views82Altmetric-Citations182LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
F1‐01‐02: Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project: Search for Alzheimer's Disease Resilience Genes That May Modify Disease Susceptibility in Specific Apoe Genotype Backgrounds (2016)

Common variation at the APOE locus is the strongest known genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Specifically, the epsilon 4 (ε4) allele increases risk ∼3-fold when heterozygous and ∼14-fold when homozygous, as compared to homozygous epsilon 3 (ε3) carriers. Moreover, ε3 homozygosity itself confers ∼1.6-fold risk versus epsilon 2 (ε2) homozygotes and ε2/ε3 individuals. Despite this strong genetic liability, some APOE-ε4 carriers never develop symptomatic AD or have a very late age of onset, suggesting these resilient individuals may harbor protective alleles. Understanding the pathogenic mechanism behind such alleles holds great promise for novel therapeutic approaches. Two subsets of non-Hispanic Caucasians were selected from the Alzheimer’s Disease Sequencing Project Case-Control exome sequencing dataset: [1] APOE4 extremes (ε4 allele-carrying cases [n = 492] with age of onset ≤ 65 years, and non-demented controls [n = 625] with age at last assessment ≥ 75 years for ε4/ε4 individuals and ≥ 80 years for ε3/ε4 individuals) and [2] APOE3 extremes (ε3/ε3 cases [n = 496] with age of onset ≤ 70 years and ε3/ε3 non-demented controls [n = 2126] with age at last assessment ≥ 85 years). Sequencing data were subjected to strict quality control. Only low frequency or rare variants annotated as non-synonymous were retained. Primary association analyses were conducted using RvTest, which implements the Score test for single variant and SKAT-O for gene aggregation, adjusting for gender, principal components, sequencing center, and ε4 carrier status. Single variant analyses uncovered several preliminary associations, including TREM2 Arg47His that increased AD susceptibility. Aggregation analyses identified a handful of genes demonstrating preliminary study-wide significance, including TREM2 and KRTAP19-4 in the APOE3 extremes. Our data suggest complex relationships connect variants in these genes with AD outcomes: combinations of risk, protective, and neutral variants likely drive the observed associations with altered disease susceptibility. Similar analyses in an independent cohort are ongoing. If replicated, our findings have pinpointed several novel genes that appear to influence AD risk in specific APOE genotype backgrounds, and suggest they could be prioritized for mechanistic studies and evaluation as novel therapeutic targets.
Targeted Imaging of the Atypical Chemokine Receptor 3 (ACKR3/CXCR7) in Human Cancer Xenografts (2016)

Data from this study suggest ACKR3 to be a viable diagnostic marker and demonstrate the utility of radiolabeled ACKR3-mAb for in vivo visualization of ACKR3-overexpressing malignancies.
Synthesis of Deployment Results (Deliverable D4.12, Univerself Project) (2013)

Project Deliverable
Recursive surface structure recognition for safe navigation (2002)

Methods for extracting in real time the surface structure in a certain look-ahead range from image sequences while driving are reviewed. Low spatial frequency elevation profiles of roads are the only ones successfully recovered in real-time up to now. Low frequency means that the characteristic geometrical dimension for curvature estimation is at least an order of magnitude larger than the axle distance of the vehicle carrying the camera. For the more general case of a surface with relatively high spatial frequencies an approach for real-time recognition is proposed which separates low, medium and high spatial frequency components; these components are estimated in a sequential, iteratively parallel manner. The formulation of the approach is given.
A Survey of Real-Time Operating Systems -- Preliminary Draft (1993)

This paper describes current research in real time operating systems.&#13;\nDue to its importance to real-time systems, we begin this survey with a&#13;\nbrief summary of relevant results in real-time scheduling and&#13;\nsynchronization. Real-time operating systems are described in terms of&#13;\nthe primitives and constructs offered to application programs. In&#13;\naddition, the effects of underlying computer architectures on real-time&#13;\noperating systems are discussed, followed by a description of&#13;\nbenchmarks and evaluation methods for real-time systems.
Broadening the Scope of Enforced ATP Wasting as a Tool for Metabolic Engineering in Escherichia coli (2019)

The targeted increase of cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) turnover (enforced ATP wasting) has recently been recognized as a promising tool for metabolic engineering when product synthesis is coupled with net ATP formation. The goal of the present study is to further examine and to further develop the concept of enforced ATP wasting and to broaden its scope for potential applications. In particular, considering the fermentation products synthesized by Escherichia coli under anaerobic conditions as a proxy for target chemical(s), i) a new genetic module for dynamic and gradual induction of the F<sub>1</sub> -part of the ATPase is developed and it is found that ii) induction of the ATPase leads to higher metabolic activity and increased product formation in E. coli under anaerobic conditions, and that iii) ATP wasting significantly increases substrate uptake and productivity of growth-arrested cells, which is vital for its use in two-stage processes. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the glucose uptake rate of 6.49 mmol gCDW<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> achieved with enforced ATP wasting is the highest value reported for nongrowing E. coli cells. In summary, this study shows that enforced ATP wasting can be used to improve yield and titer (in growth-coupled processes) as well as volumetric productivity (in two-stage processes) depending on which of the performance measures is more crucial for the process and product of interest.
Cdc7-Dbf4 Kinase Overexpression in Multiple Cancers and Tumor Cell Lines Is Correlated with p53 Inactivation (2008)

Cdc7 is a conserved serine/threonine kinase essential for the initiation of DNA replication, likely by activating the MCM DNA helicase at the G(1-) to S-phase transition. Cdc7 kinase activity requires association with its regulatory subunit Dbf4/activator of S-phase kinase. Cdc7-Dbf4 is also downstream of the conserved Ataxia telangectasia and RAD3-related kinase that responds to stalled replication forks or DNA damage. In this study, we found that Cdc7 protein was very low or undetectable in normal tissues and cell lines but had increased expression in approximately 50% of the 62 human tumor cell lines we examined. Most cell lines with increased Cdc7 protein levels also had increased Dbf4 abundance, and some tumor cell lines had extra copies of the DBF4 gene. A high expression of Cdc7 protein was also detected in primary breast, colon, and lung tumors but not in the matched normal tissues. We also found a high correlation between p53 loss and increased CDC7 and DBF4 expression in primary breast cancers (P = 3.6 x 10(-9) and 1.8 x 10(-10), respectively) and in the cancer cell lines we studied. Therefore, increased Cdc7-Dbf4 abundance may be a common occurrence in human malignancies.
Variation in the size of the repeat region of the fibrinogen receptor (clumping factor) of Staphylococcus aureus strains (1995)

The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to bind to fibrinogen and fibrin is believed to be an important factor in the initiation of foreign body and wound infections. Recently, the gene encoding the fibrinogen receptor (clumping factor, ClfA) of S. aureus strain Newman was cloned and sequenced. The ClfA protein possesses a highly unusual 308 residue dipeptide repeat region composed predominantly of Asp and Ser. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of seven different strains showed that the size of the clfA repeat coding region varies from 580 bp to 1320 bp. In contrast, the clfA region A is the same size in each strain. The size of the clfA repeat region did not correlate with the ability of these strains to form clumps in a solution of fibrinogen. Indeed, the strain with the smallest repeat size of 580 bp clumped almost as well as strain Newman. Each strain of S. aureus examined contained several high molecular mass proteins that reacted with anti-ClfA region A antibody. In some cases the molecular mass of the major protein varied in accordance with the length of the coding sequence for the repeat region R.
Base-Promoted Reactions of Dichlorocarbene Adducts of Cyclic Enamines:  A New Route to Annulated Pyrroles (2007)

Treatment of the gem-dihalogenocyclopropanes 1-5 with potassium tert-butoxide or LDA results in the formation of the corresponding and annulated pyrroles 13-17, respectively.
CFD-FSI simulation of vortex-induced vibrations of a circular cylinder with low mass-damping (2013)

A computational study of vortex-induced transverse vibrations of a cylinder with low mass-damping is presented. An Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation of the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (URANS), along with the Spalart-Allmaras (SA) one-equation turbulence model, are coupled conservatively with rigid body motion equations of the cylinder mounted on elastic supports in order to study the amplitude and frequency response of a freely vibrating cylinder, its flow-induced motion, Vortex Street, near-wake flow structure, and unsteady loading in a moderate range of Reynolds numbers. The time accurate response of the cylinder from rest to its limit cycle is studied to explore the effects of Reynolds number on the start of large displacements, motion amplitude, and frequency. The computational results are compared with published physical experiments and numerical studies. The maximum amplitudes of displacements computed for various Reynolds numbers are smaller than the experimental values; however, the overall agreement of the results is quite satisfactory, and the upper branch of the limit-cycle displacement amplitude vs. reduced velocity response is captured, a feature that was missed by other studies. Vortex shedding modes, lock-in phenomena, frequency response, and phase angles are also in agreement with experiments.
Multiple Sclerosis Lesions and Irreversible Brain Tissue Damage (2012)

At ultrahigh-field strength, T1-weighted MPRAGE is highly sensitive in detecting MS plaques within the white and the gray brain parenchyma. Our results indicate structural damage beyond demyelination in every lesion depicted, which is in accordance with postmortem histopathological studies. The 7-T MPRAGE clearly delineated every cortical lesion that was visualized by any other MRI sequence at 1.5 or 7 T.
Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Malaysian tertiary centre. (2013)

Abstract. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is a pathogen recognized to be distinct in both phenotype and genotype from hospital-acquired MRSA. We have identified CA-MRSA cases in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, including their antibiotic susceptibility patterns and genotypic characteristics. Cases were identified during January to December 2009 from routine clinical specimens, where culture and antibiotic susceptibility results yielded pauci-resistant MRSA isolates suspected as being CA-MRSA. The patients' clinical data were collected and their specimens were sent for molecular confirmation and analysis. Five cases of CA-MRSA were identified, which had a multi-sensitive pattern on antibiotic susceptibility tests and were resistant to only penicillin and oxacillin. All cases were skin and soft-tissue infections, including diabetic foot with gangrene, infected scalp hematoma, philtrum abscess in a healthcare worker, thrombophlebitis complicated with abscess and infected bedsore. All five cases were confirmed MRSA by detection of mecA. SCCmec typing (ccr and mec complex) revealed SCCmec type IV for all cases except the infected bedsore case. Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene was positive in all isolates. As clinical features among methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, CA-MRSA and "nosocomial CA-MRSA" are indistinct, early recognition is necessary in order to initiate appropriate antibiotics and infection control measures. Continual surveillance of pauci-resistant MRSA and molecular analysis are necessary in order to identify emerging strains as well as their epidemiology and transmission, both in the community and in healthcare setting.