gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of arginine and ornithine on strength, lean body mass and urinary hydroxyproline in adult males. (1989)

Twenty-two adult males participated in a 5 week progressive strength training program. One half the subjects received the amino acids L-arginine and L-ornithine and the other half, a placebo. The study used a double blind protocol so that subjects as well as investigators had no knowledge of which substances were being administered. Dosages amounted to 2 grams or 1 gram each of L-arginine and L-ornithine, and 600 mg of calcium and 1 gram of Vitamin C as placebos. These supplements were taken orally for a total of 25 administrations. Following the short term strength program using progressively high intensities, tests were taken for total strength (TS), lean body mass (LBM) and urinary hydroxyproline (UH). The results from ANOVA showed that subjects who were taking the arginine-ornithine combination scored significantly higher in TS and LBM (p less than .05), and significantly lower in UH (p less than .05), than subjects on placebos. It was concluded that arginine and ornithine taken in prescribed doses can, in conjunction with a high intensity strength training program, increase TS and LBM in a relatively short period of time. Arginine and ornithine also aid in recovery from chronic stress by quelling tissue breakdown as evidenced by lower UH levels.
Stored Gelatinized Waxy Potato Starch Forms a Strong Retrograded Gel at Low pH with the Formation of Intermolecular Double Helices (2020)

Waxy potato amylopectin has longer internal and external linear chains than rice or corn amylopectin that are capable of retrograding to a higher degree, but its molecular recrystallization is impeded by unprotonated phosphate groups. Here, we studied whether retrogradation and gel properties of waxy potato starch can be enhanced by lowering pH. The gel strength of waxy potato starch was strongly inversely correlated with pH, going from 10 to 4, and its magnitude was higher at pH values in which the ζ potential of the system was low. Waxy potato starch formed a strong aggregate gel driven by the formation of intermolecular double helices (<i>G</i>' drop<sub>25-95 °C</sub> ≈ 1358 Pa, melting Δ<i>H</i> = 9.5 J/g) when conditions that reduce electrostatic repulsion (pH 4, ζ = -1.7) are used, a phenomenon that was not observed in low-phosphorylated waxy cereal starches (i.e., waxy rice and corn).
High Injection Efficiency and Low-Voltage Programming in a Dopant-Segregated Schottky Barrier (DSSB) FinFET SONOS for nor-type Flash Memory (2009)

A dopant-segregated Schottky barrier (DSSB) FinFET silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) for nor-type flash memory is successfully demonstrated. Compared with a conventional FinFET SONOS device, the DSSB FinFET SONOS device exhibits high-speed programming at low voltage. The sharp dopant-segregated Schottky contact at the source side can generate hot electrons, and it can be used to provide high injection efficiency at low voltage without any constraint on the choice of the proper gate and drain voltage. The DSSB FinFET SONOS device is therefore a promising candidate for nor-type flash memory with high-speed and low-power programming.
Electron spin resonance in electron-irradiated 3C-SiC (1989)

Electron-irradiation-induced defects in epitaxially grown 3C-SiC crystals have been studied by electron-spin-resonance (ESR) measurements. The results indicate the presence of an isotropic ESR center that consists of five lines equally spaced at about 1.5 G and has a g value of 2.0029±0.0001. Isochronal and isothermal annealing of electron-irradiated 3C-SiC showed that this center was annealed at three stages (150, 350, and 750 °C) and that the 750 °C stage exhibited first-order reaction with an activation energy of 2.2±0.3 eV.
Electron spin resonance study on irradiated coordination compounds of pyridine and its derivatives (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron spin resonance study on irradiated coordination compounds of pyridine and its derivativesKozo Tsuji, Shigeo Tazuke, Koichiro Hayashi, and Seizo OkamuraCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1969, 73, 7, 2345–2352Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1969https://doi.org/10.1021/j100727a041RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views38Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (760 KB) Get e-Alerts
First measurements of the radiation dose on the lunar surface (2020)

Human exploration of the Moon is associated with substantial risks to astronauts from space radiation. On the surface of the Moon, this consists of the chronic exposure to galactic cosmic rays and sporadic solar particle events. The interaction of this radiation field with the lunar soil leads to a third component that consists of neutral particles, i.e., neutrons and gamma radiation. The Lunar Lander Neutrons and Dosimetry experiment aboard China's Chang'E 4 lander has made the first ever measurements of the radiation exposure to both charged and neutral particles on the lunar surface. We measured an average total absorbed dose rate in silicon of 13.2 ± 1 μGy/hour and a neutral particle dose rate of 3.1 ± 0.5 μGy/hour.
TCBB Scheme: Applications to Single Machine Job Sequencing Problems (2000)

Transpose-and-Cache Branch-and-Bound (TCBB) has shown promise in solving large single machine quadratic penalty problems. There exist other classes of single machine job sequencing problems which are of more practical importance and which are also of considerable interest in the area of AI search. In the weighted earliness tardiness problem (WET), the best known heuristic estimate is not consistent; this is contrary to the general belief about relaxation-based heuristic. In the quadratic penalty problem involving setup times (SQP) of jobs, the evaluation function is non-order-preserving In this paper, we present the TCBB scheme to solve these problems as well. Experiments indicate that (i) for the WET problem, the TCBB scheme is highly effective in solving large problem instances and (ii) for the SQP problem, it can solve larger instances than algorithm GREC in a given available memory.
People and the Digital Enterprise (2021)

The transformation of a conventional enterprise from a people-centric model to a technology-centric one has important implications for its human workforce. In this chapter, the authors look at three representative people-related focus areas for the digital enterprise, enhancing workplace wellbeing, enabling continuous learning and compliance to information security. They discuss each of these problems and then look at the technological infrastructure a digital enterprise would require to manage these areas.
Histone Deacetylase Complex1 Expression Level Titrates Plant Growth and Abscisic Acid Sensitivity in Arabidopsis (2013)

Histone deacetylation regulates gene expression during plant stress responses and is therefore an interesting target for epigenetic manipulation of stress sensitivity in plants. Unfortunately, overexpression of the core enzymes (histone deacetylases [HDACs]) has either been ineffective or has caused pleiotropic morphological abnormalities. In yeast and mammals, HDACs operate within multiprotein complexes. Searching for putative components of plant HDAC complexes, we identified a gene with partial homology to a functionally uncharacterized member of the yeast complex, which we called Histone Deacetylation Complex1 (HDC1). HDC1 is encoded by a single-copy gene in the genomes of model plants and crops and therefore presents an attractive target for biotechnology. Here, we present a functional characterization of HDC1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. We show that HDC1 is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein that interacts with at least two deacetylases (HDA6 and HDA19), promotes histone deacetylation, and attenuates derepression of genes under water stress. The fast-growing HDC1-overexpressing plants outperformed wild-type plants not only on well-watered soil but also when water supply was reduced. Our findings identify HDC1 as a rate-limiting component of the histone deacetylation machinery and as an attractive tool for increasing germination rate and biomass production of plants.
How should liver hypertrophy be stimulated? A comparison of upfront associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) and portal vein embolization (PVE) with rescue possibility (2021)

Upfront ALPPS offers a somewhat higher successful RR than PVE with rescue ALPPS on demand. The sequential combination of PVE and ALPPS leads to a higher overall degree of hypertrophy than upfront ALPPS.
The PPARγ Agonist Pioglitazone Fails to Alter the Abuse Potential of Heroin, But Does Reduce Heroin Craving and Anxiety (2018)

Possibly through its effects on glia, the peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma receptor (PPARγ) agonist pioglitazone (PIO) has been shown to alter the effects of heroin in preclinical models. Until now, these results have not been assessed in humans. Heroin-dependent participants were randomized to either active (45 mg, n = 14) or placebo (0 mg, n = 16) PIO maintenance for the duration of the three-week study. After stabilization on buprenorphine (8 mg), participants began a two-week testing period. On the first to fourth test days, participants could self-administer drug or money by making verbal choices for either option. On the fifth day, active heroin and money were administered and participants could work to receive heroin or money using a progressive ratio choice procedure. Test days 6-10 were identical to test days 1-5 with the exception that, during one of the test weeks, placebo was available on the first four days, and during the other week heroin was available. PIO failed to alter the reinforcing or positive subjective effects of heroin, but it did reduce heroin craving and overall anxiety. Although we were unable to replicate the robust effects found in preclinical models, these data provide an indication of drug effects that deserves further exploration.
Predicting Unobserved Phenotypes for Complex Traits from Whole-Genome SNP Data (2008)

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for quantitative traits and disease in humans and other species have shown that there are many loci that contribute to the observed resemblance between relatives. GWAS to date have mostly focussed on discovery of genes or regulatory regions habouring causative polymorphisms, using single SNP analyses and setting stringent type-I error rates. Genome-wide marker data can also be used to predict genetic values and therefore predict phenotypes. Here, we propose a Bayesian method that utilises all marker data simultaneously to predict phenotypes. We apply the method to three traits: coat colour, %CD8 cells, and mean cell haemoglobin, measured in a heterogeneous stock mouse population. We find that a model that contains both additive and dominance effects, estimated from genome-wide marker data, is successful in predicting unobserved phenotypes and is significantly better than a prediction based upon the phenotypes of close relatives. Correlations between predicted and actual phenotypes were in the range of 0.4 to 0.9 when half of the number of families was used to estimate effects and the other half for prediction. Posterior probabilities of SNPs being associated with coat colour were high for regions that are known to contain loci for this trait. The prediction of phenotypes using large samples, high-density SNP data, and appropriate statistical methodology is feasible and can be applied in human medicine, forensics, or artificial selection programs.
Hypervelocity impact testing above 10 km/s of advanced orbital debris shields (1996)

NASA has developed enhanced performance shields to improve the protection of spacecraft from orbital debris and meteoroid impacts. One of these enhanced shields includes a blanket of Nextel™ ceramic fabric and Kevlar™ high strength fabric that is positioned midway between an aluminum bumper and the spacecraft pressure wall. As part of the evaluation of this new shielding technology, impact data above 10 km/sec has been obtained by NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) from the Sandia National Laboratories HVL (“hypervelocity launcher”) and the Southwest Research Institute inhibited shaped charge launcher (ISCL). The HVL launches flyer-plates in the velocity range of 10 to 15 km/s while the ISCL launches hollow cylinders at ∼11.5 km/s. The >10 km/s experiments are complemented by hydrocode analysis and light-gas gun testing at the JSC Hypervelocity Impact Test Facility (HIT-F) to assess the effects of projectile shape on shield performance. Results from the testing and analysis indicate that the Nextel™/Kevlar™ shield provides superior protection performance compared to an all-aluminum shield alternative.
Physiologically Relevant Measurements of Nitric Oxide in Cardiovascular Research Using Electrochemical Microsensors (2005)

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the regulation of blood flow. Pharmacological tools and a series of other techniques have been developed for studying the NO/L-arginine pathway, but it has proved difficult to make a quantitative link between effect and tissue NO concentration. NO microsensors have been applied with success for the measurement of NO in suspensions of mitochondria and cells, such as platelets and leukocytes, and in cell cultures, which together with other interventions or measurements are particularly useful for the examination of cell signalling related to the NO/L-arginine pathway. In isolated vascular segments, studies using the NO microsensor have defined the relationship between NO concentration and relaxation and revealed residual NO release in the presence of NO synthase inhibitors. Moreover, simultaneous measurements of NO concentration and vasorelaxation in isometric preparations have shown that agonist-induced relaxation is L-arginine dependent and NO release is reduced in hypertension. By placing NO microsensors in catheters, it is possible to measure NO in the living animal and man. This approach has been applied for the measurements of NO concentration in relation to increases in flow, erection, in conditions of hypoxia, and in endotoxemia. However, further methodological development of NO microsensors is necessary to avoid the influence of changes in temperature, pH and oxygen on the measurements.
Asparagine Deamidation:  pH-Dependent Mechanism from Density Functional Theory (2006)

Asparagine deamidation is a decisive event in chemotherapy-induced apoptosis and a major obstacle in the formulation of monoclonal antibodies. Despite the importance of deamidation, little is known about the elementary reactions involved. B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)/COSMO-RS calculations were used to obtain stable structures and transition states for a network of reactions. Calculated rate constants were incorporated into a kinetic model of the pH dependence and compared to a pseudo-steady-state model. At low pH, the calculations show that deamidation occurs by direct acid-catalyzed hydrolysis to aspartate. At neutral to basic pH, deamidation proceeds by the initial formation of a tetrahedral intermediate. The intermediate can be converted to succinimide by two pathways and three rate-determining steps that shift in relative importance with pH. The calculated pH-dependent rate constant qualitatively agrees with the experimental pH dependence. The rate-determining transition state structures may help to understand chemotherapy-induced apoptosis and improve protein formulations.
Seuil de basculement entre les solutions mono-porteuse et multi-porteuses Selectivity threshold between mono-carrier and multi-carrier solutions (2007)

OFDM, Mono-porteuse, Capacite, Forcage a zero, Moindres carres, Allocation de puissance. Abstract and key words This paper compares the capacity obtained either with a mono-carrier waveform or with a multi-carrier waveform with respect to the channel selectivity. Analysis is given considering the Peak- to Average-Power Ratio of the retained solutions. A new mixed approach is proposed. It is based on a selectivity threshold definition showing where we should use a mono-carrier approach and where the multi-carriers approach gives a higher capacity.
Specification and Verification of Large-Scale Reactive Programs (1992)

The UNITY methodology has attracted wide attention because of its elegant logic for specifying and reasoning about concurrent programs. However, the UNITY examples tackled so far are much smaller in scale than the problems typically encountered in practice. The goal of this dissertation is the identification of extensions to UNITY that will enable it to be applied to significantly larger problems. To explore possible extensions, we have applied UNITY to three large-scale examples drawn from industrial applications: the I/O subsystem portion of the GCOS operating system; a distributed electronic funds-transfer system; and a telephone-switching system.
Crystal structure and band gap determination of HfO2 thin films (2007)

Valence electron energy loss spectroscopy (VEELS) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) are performed on three different HfO2 thin films grown on Si (001) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD). For each sample the band gap (Eg) is determined by low-loss EELS analysis. The Eg values are then correlated with the crystal structure and the chemical properties of the films obtained by HRTEM images and VEELS line scans, respectively. They are discussed in comparison to both experimental and theoretical results published in literature. The HfO2 ALD film capped with poly-Si exhibits the largest band gap (Eg=5.9±0.5eV), as a consequence of its nanocrystallized orthorhombic structure. The large grains with a monoclinic structure formed in the HfO2 ALD film capped with Ge and the carbon contamination induced by the precursors in the HfO2 CVD film capped with Al2O3 are identified to be the main features responsible for lower band gap values (Eg=5.25±0.5 and 4.3±0.5eV respectively).
The Hierarchical Rater Model for Rated Test Items and its Application to Large-Scale Educational Assessment Data (2002)

Open-ended or “constructed” student responses to test items have become a stock component of standardized educational assessments. Digital imaging of examinee work now enables a distributed rating process to be flexibly managed, and allocation designs that involve as many as six or more ratings for a subset of responses are now feasible. In this article we develop Patz’s (1996) hierarchical rater model (HRM) for polytomous item response data scored by multiple raters, and show how it can be used to scale examinees and items, to model aspects of consensus among raters, and to model individual rater severity and consistency effects. The HRM treats examinee responses to open-ended items as unobsered discrete varibles, and it explicitly models the “proficiency” of raters in assigning accurate scores as well as the proficiency of examinees in providing correct responses. We show how the HRM “fits in” to the generalizability theory framework that has been the traditional tool of analysis for rated item response data, and give some relationships between the HRM, the design effects correction of Bock, Brennan and Muraki (1999), and the rater bundle model of Wilson and Hoskens (2002). Using simulated and real data, we compare the HRM to the conventional IRT Facets model for rating data (e.g., Linacre, 1989; Engelhard, 1994, 1996), and we explore ways that information from HRM analyses may improved the quality of the rating process.
Type V Collagen is Persistently Altered After Inguinal Hernia Repair (2018)

Patients with an inguinal hernia demonstrated a systemic and persistent type V collagen turnover alteration. This imbalance of the collagen metabolism may be involved in the development of inguinal hernias.
Reconfigurable Tooling for Overhaul and Repair (2006)

This paper will describe our initial operational experience using a reconfigurable-tooling-based stretch-forming work cell for production of sheet metal parts. This facility was created in response to the need to rapidly reverse engineer and manufacture sheet metal components in an overhaul and repair environment. The system is expected to dramatically reduce part lead time and cost, and reduce the need for fixed dies. This is an integrated hardware/software system comprised of a reconfigurable computer-controlled die with 1120 discrete elements, a laser moire´ interferometry shape measurement system, an automated finite element forming process simulation system, and an overall Manufacturing Design Software System/Shape Control Loop. These capabilities are integrated with a modern stretch-forming press. This system is particularly useful where part data may not exist other than the physical part to be duplicated, and where short lead times and low production quantities are prevalent. The typically iterative tasks of designing and methodizing the manufacturing process are significantly reduced by the software system which allows for rapid capture of part geometric data, its subsequent use in simulating the forming process, and for setting the surface shape on the reconfigurable tool. Results will be shown indicating that part shape fidelity can be maintained within required tolerance, and often improved upon, while providing reduced lead time and cost.