gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Targeting of Autophagy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (2021)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease characterized by early metastasis, late detection, and poor prognosis. Progress towards effective therapy has been slow despite significant efforts. Novel treatment approaches are desperately needed and autophagy, an evolutionary conserved process through which proteins and organelles are recycled for use as alternative energy sources, may represent one such target. Although incompletely understood, there is growing evidence suggesting that autophagy may play a role in PDAC carcinogenesis, metastasis, and survival. Early clinical trials involving autophagy inhibiting agents, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, have been disappointing. Recently, evidence has demonstrated synergy between the MAPK pathway and autophagy inhibitors in PDAC, suggesting a promising therapeutic intervention. In addition, novel agents, such as ONC212, have preclinical activity in pancreatic cancer, in part through autophagy inhibition. We discuss autophagy in PDAC tumorigenesis, metabolism, modulation of the immune response, and preclinical and clinical data with selected autophagy modulators as therapeutics.
Clinical Applications of A Transcutaneous Ultrasonic Flow Detector (1967)

The limits of human perception have been extended enormously by modern technological advances which permit acquisition of quantitative data from outer space or from the submicroscopic realms of atomic nuclei. Engineers employ exquisitely sensitive gauges to analyze the function of machines and components. Meanwhile, physicians still depend heavily on their unaided five senses to obtain clinical data in routine patient care. Recent developments in the use of nondestructive testing techniques for detecting the size, position, displacement, or flow in internal structures of the body provide a preview of things to come in clinical medicine. For example, a small device has been developed for detecting blood-flow velocity in deep and superficial vessels by merely applying a probe to the body surface. This instrument called a transcutaneous Doppler flow detector (Fig 1) is currently being evaluated for its applicability to clinical problems,<sup>1 -3</sup>eg, locating and evaluating arterial occlusions,<sup>4</sup>detecting
Rol de conexina 40 como intermediario en la migración del trofoblasto extra velloso inducida por hipoxia (2021)

La conexina 40 (Cx40) ha sido involucrada en la proliferación del trofoblasto extra velloso durante el proceso de placentación, el que ocurre bajo concentraciones de oxígeno de 1-2%. Sin embargo, se desconoce hasta la fecha cuál es el efecto directo de la hipoxia sobre la Cx40. Mediante el uso de la línea celular Jeg-3 derivada de coriocarcinoma, demostramos que la hipoxia promueve la traslocación de parte de la proteína a la membrana celular, aumentando la probabilidad de encontrar estructuras que asemejan canales de unión en hendidura en las membranas de aposición entre células vecinas. La presencia de estos canales se asoció a un aumento en el acoplamiento de las células demostrado por el traspaso de colorante entre ellas. Utilizando la línea Jeg-3 transfectada con Cx40 pudimos comprobar que la sobreexpresión de Cx40 es capaz de inducir una mayor proliferación en estas células, pero lo más interesante es que un aumento en la expresión de Cx40 es capaz de frenar el estímulo migratorio inducido por la hipoxia. A su vez, utilizando análogos de GMPc fuimos capaces de reproducir los hallazgos observados en hipoxia, y de revertirlos parcialmente utilizando un inhibidor especifico de PKG, sugiriendo que la vía NO-GMPc-PKG pudiese ser un mecanismo importante a través del cual el estímulo hipóxico comanda el tráfico de Cx40 a la membrana celular
Liquid Conservation and Nonlocal Interface Dynamics in Imbibition (1999)

The propagation and roughening of a liquid-gas interface moving through a disordered medium under the influence of capillary forces is considered. The system is described by a phase-field model with conserved dynamics and spatial disorder is introduced through a quenched random field. Liquid conservation leads to slowing down of the average interface position $H$ and imposes an intrinsic correlation length ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{\mathsf{x}}\ensuremath{\sim}{H}^{1/2}$ on the spatial fluctuations of the interface. The interface is statistically self affine in space, with global roughness exponent $\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\simeq}1.25$, and exhibits anomalous scaling.
The tumor promoters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and okadaic acid differ in toxicity, mitogenic activity and induction of gene expression (1989)

Okadaic acid (OA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) are both potent tumor promoters in a mouse skin carcinogenesis experiment. OA was much more toxic than TPA for murine embryo cell lines such as Swiss 3T3 cells or C3H10T1/2 cells. TPA is a potent mitogen for 3T3 cells; in contrast OA was unable to stimulate DNA synthesis in these cells. TPA induces a family of primary response genes, the TPA induced sequence (TIS) genes, in a wide variety of cells. Although OA induced modest levels of TIS mRNA expression, the time course of the induction of TIS1 and TIS8 mRNA was delayed when compared to induction by TPA or peptide mitogens such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF). In addition TPA-mediated down-regulation of protein kinase C attenuated TIS gene induction by OA, but not by FGF.
Effect of Gear Shift and Engine Start Losses on Control Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles (2012)

In this paper, energetic loss models in the events of shifting gear and starting engine in a parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle equipped with an Automated Manual Transmission (AMT) will be introduced. The optimal control algorithm for the start-stop, power split and gear shift problem based on Dynamic Programming-Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle control approach is used to evaluate the effect of gear shift and engine start losses on the optimal solution. Furthermore, with preview route information available, a model predictive control algorithm is utilized to investigate the achievable fuel savings with respect to the prediction horizon. Under influence of the gear shift loss, simulation results of the prototype hybrid passenger car disclose a superior fuel efficiency property of the powershift AMT over its normal AMT counterpart. Sensitivity analysis of the traction force interruption time in a gear shift process can give a new perception on fuel economy benefit of powershift transmissions (e.g. automatic, dual clutch, powershift AMT, etc.) over a normal AMT. The study also reveals a minimum prediction length of 4s required for the design of such a realtime implementable controller to get the possible maximum fuel economy level under the impact of the engine start loss.
Computer simulation of domain growth in ferroelectric liquid crystals (1995)

The electro-optic response of a surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal (SSFLC) cell is determined largely by the dynamics of polarization reversal at the chevron interface. This process involves the nucleation, growth, and ultimate coalescence of polarization reversal domains. These domains are generally faceted, being either polygonal or characteristically boat shaped. We have performed computer simulations in two dimensions (2D) of field-driven domain growth at the chevron interface in SSFLCs. By including elastic anisotropy and the orientational binding of the chevron in the equation of motion, we get anisotropic domain growth and, for a range of applied field strengths E, partially faceted domain shapes. The measured growth rates have the same field dependence as is seen experimentally, the domain area increasing as A\ensuremath{\propto}(Et${)}^{2}$. We have also developed an analytical algorithm similar to the Wulff construction for calculating the spatial evolution of 2D domains as a function of time for arbitrary starting shapes. In the present case of ferroelectric domain growth, we can derive full 2D domain shapes from the directional variation of the velocity of planar walls as measured by computer simulations in only 1D.
Virus-Like Particles in Placentas From Normal Individuals and Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 2 (1977)

The topic of interactive narrative has been under research for many years. While there has been much research exploring the development of new algorithms that enable and enhance interactive narratives, there has been little research focusing on the question of how players understand and internalize their interactive narrative experiences. This paper addresses this problem through conducting a phenomenological study on participants playing Fa√ßade ; we specifically chose a phenomenological methodology due to its emphasis on the participants' lived experience from the participants' viewpoint. We chose Fa√ßade , because it is the only accessible example of an experience that revolves around social relationships, conflict, and drama as its core mechanics. In this paper, we discuss sixteen themes that resulted from the analysis of the data gathered through the study. In addition, we reflect on these themes discussing their relationship to participants' backgrounds, and project implications on the design of future interactive narratives.
Trait-Anger Enhances Effects of Caffeine on Psychomotor Vigilance Performance (2006)

This study examined the combined effects of caffeine and the personality attribute of trait-anger on the speed of psychomotor vigilance performance during sleep deprivation. 23 young adult soldiers (19 male) were administered the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 when well-rested. Participants were then sleep deprived for three consecutive nights (77 hours total) during which they completed repeated psychomotor vigilance testing. Half of the participants received four doses of oral caffeine (200 mg every 2 hr.; 800 mg total) each night, while the other half were administered a placebo. For the first night, higher scores on trait-anger, outward anger expression, and intensity of anger expression predicted better sustained overnight vigilance performance, but only for those volunteers receiving caffeine. These correlations were not significant for the subsequent nights. Findings suggest a possible synergistic effect between personality traits associated with arousal of the central nervous system and vigilance-promoting effects of caffeine.
Explicitly distributed AOP using AWED (2006)

Distribution-related concerns, such as data replication, often crosscut the business code of a distributed application. Currently such crosscutting concerns are frequently realized on top of distributed frameworks, such as EJBs, and initial AO support for the modularization of such crosscutting concerns, e.g., JBoss AOP and Spring AOP, has been proposed.Based on an investigation of the implementation of replicated caches using JBoss Cache, we motivate that crosscutting concerns of distributed applications benefit from an aspect language for explicit distributed programming. We propose AWED, a new aspect language with explicit distributed programming mechanisms, which provides three contributions. First, remote pointcut constructors which are more general than those of previous related approaches, in particular, supporting remote sequences. Second, a notion of distributed advice with support for asynchronous and synchronous execution. Third, a notion of distributed aspects including models for the deployment, instantiation and state sharing of aspects. We show several concrete examples how AWED can be used to modularly implement and extend replicated cache implementations. Finally, we present a prototype implementation of AWED, which we have realized by extending JAsCo, a system providing dynamic aspects for Java.
Determination of argon-filled insulated glass window seal failure by spectroscopic detection of oxygen (2003)

A sensor capable of measuring the amount of oxygen (an unwanted component that is only present because of improper filling or seal failure) within an argon-filled insulated glass window has been designed, built and tested successfully. It operates by using the optical absorption of oxygen in the atmospheric A-band centred at 762 nm. Light emitted by an argon-filled surface glow discharge lamp is Zeeman-tuned on and off an oxygen absorption line using an AC-modulated electromagnet. In the presence of oxygen, the change in the measured intensity of the lamp, obtained using standard demodulation techniques, is proportional to the oxygen column density. Measurements using an industry-standard insulated glass window indicate that the sensor can measure the amount of oxygen in a nominally filled argon window (with a window gap of 10 mm) with a precision of ±0.18% oxygen using a 16 s integration time.
Open-world Person Re-Identification by Multi-Label Assignment Inference (2014)

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High-quality bulk a-plane GaN sliced from boules in comparison to heteroepitaxially grown thick films on r-plane sapphire (2006)

Thick GaN bars with [112̱0] orientation have been sliced from GaN boules grown on freestanding films by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) in the [0001] direction. High-resolution x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy have been used to study the structural quality and defect distribution in the material in comparison to heteroepitaxially grown thick HVPE-GaN films grown in the [112̱0] direction on (11̱02)-plane sapphire. It is demonstrated that while the heteroepitaxial material possesses a high density of stacking faults and partial dislocations, leading to anisotropic structural characteristics, the (112̱0)-plane bulk GaN, sliced from boules, exhibits low dislocation density and narrow rocking curves with isotropic in-plane character.
Synthetic Wavelength Holography: An Extension of Gabor's Holographic Principle to Imaging with Scattered Wavefronts (2019)

The presence of a scattering medium in the imaging path between an object and an observer is known to severely limit the visual acuity of the imaging system. We present an approach to circumvent the deleterious effects of scattering, by exploiting spectral correlations in scattered wavefronts. Our method draws inspiration from Gabor's attempts to improve the resolving power of electron microscopes by recording aberrated wavefronts at electron wavelengths, followed by aberration correction and playback at optical wavelengths. We extend the notion to scattered wavefronts, by interpreting the scattering of light as a source of randomized aberration. We compensate for these aberrations by mixing speckle fields recorded at two closely spaced optical wavelengths, and replaying the computationally assembled wavefront at a 'Synthetic Wavelength'. An attractive feature of our method is that it accommodates a wide variety of scattering mechanisms and operates at the physical limits of imaging in the presence of scatter. Moreover, our findings are applicable to other wave phenomena, opening up new avenues for imaging with scattered wavefronts.
Viscoelasticity and Failure of Collagen Nanofibrils: 3D Coarse-Grained Simulation Studies (2015)

In this manuscript, we investigate the influence of loading rate and fibril length on viscoelastic and failure behavior of collagen nanofibrils. The computational experiments were performed using three-dimensional shape-based Coarse-Grained models of collagen nanofibrils, with parameters derived from atomistic simulations. The atomistic computational tensile and shear experiments were performed using Molecular Dynamics and extended AMBER force field for aqueous and non-aqueous environments. The Coarse-Grained interactions were defined by both intermolecular and intramolecular potentials which describe non-bonded and bonded interactions respectively. Computational studies revealed that the hydrogen bond network impacts both viscoelastic behavior and failure of collagen nanofibrils. Greater fibril length results in brittle cracking while higher loading rates result in ductile behavior, due to the unwinding and sliding of the fibril. The proposed Coarse-Grained model can be used in further studies incorporating the effects of ageing, such as collagen degradation and glycation.
Silicone optical elements for cost-effective freeform solar concentration (2019)

The use of silicone optical elements is demonstrated for a concentrated photovoltaic system. These components show over 96% transmission through most of the solar spectrum and excellent temperature stability. Unique moldability enables the use of complex freeform designs. A light, compact, and cost-effective concentrated photovoltaic system based on silicone optics is proposed. In this system, air-plasma treatment is utilized to overcome the mechanical properties of silicone and difficulties with coating to reduce Fresnel loss. Lens arrays and waveguides are fabricated by injection molding following freeform optical design by LightTools. First-order characterizations are also performed.
Ultrafast Laser Processing of Glass: From New Phenomena to Applications (2012)

Ultrafast laser processing of glass reveals new phenomena. Reviewed, are recent demonstrations of 5D optical memory, vortex polarization and Airy beam converters employing self-assembled nanostructuring, ultrafast laser calligraphy and polarization writing control using pulses with tilted front.
Cooperative location-sensing for wireless networks (2004)

We present the cooperative location-sensing system (CLS), an adaptive location-sensing system that enables devices to estimate their position in a self-organizing manner without the need for an extensive infrastructure or training. Hosts cooperate and share positioning information. CLS uses a grid representation that allows an easy incorporation of external information to improve the accuracy of the position estimation. We evaluated the performance of CLS via simulation and investigated the impact of the density of landmarks, degree of connectivity, range error, and grid resolution on the accuracy. We found that the average error is less than 2% of the transmission range, when used in a terrain with 20% of the hosts to be landmarks, average network connectivity above 7, and distance estimation error equal to 5% of the transmission range.
A 3D numerical simulation of stress distribution and fracture process in a zirconia‐based FPD framework (2011)

In this study, a numerical approach to the fracture behavior in a three-unit zirconia-based fixed partial denture (FPD) framework was made under mechanical loading using a newly developed three-dimensional (3D) numerical modeling code. All the materials studied were treated heterogeneously and Weibull distribution law was applied to describe the heterogeneity. The Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion with tensile strength cut-off was utilized to judge whether the material was in an elastic or failed state. For validation, the fracture pattern obtained from the numerical modeling was compared with a laboratory test; they largely correlated with each other. Similar fracture initiation sites were detected both in the numerical simulation and in an earlier fractographic analysis. The numerical simulation applied in this study clearly described the stress distribution and fracture process of zirconia-based FPD frameworks, information that could not be gained from the laboratory tests alone. Thus, the newly developed 3D numerical modeling code seems to be an efficient tool for prediction of the fracture process in ceramic FPD frameworks.
pH Responsive Microcapsules for Corrosion Control (2008)

The best coatings for corrosion protection provide not only barriers to the environment, but also a controlled release of a corrosion inhibitor, as demanded by the presence of corrosion or mechanical damage. NASA has developed pH sensitive microcapsules (patent pending) that can release their core contents when corrosion starts. The objectives of the research presented here were to encapsulate non-toxic corrosion inhibitors, to incorporate the encapsulated inhibitors into paint formulations, and to test the ability of the paints to control corrosion. Results showed that the encapsulated corrosion inhibitors, specifically Ce(NO3)3 , are effective to control corrosion over long periods of time when incorporated at relatively high pigment volume concentrations into a paint formulation.
Pharmacokinetics of high doses of cyanocobalamin administered by i.v. injection in healthy volunteers (2004)

In order to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of high doses of Vitamin B12, 20 healthy subjects were randomly allocated into 5 equal groups to intravenously receive a single dose of 1 mg, 10 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg, and 300 mg of Vitamin B12, respectively. A noncompartmental analysis (WinNonlin) followed by a population two-compartmental analysis (P-Pharm) was performed. Plasma and urine levels of vitamin B12 were quantified by HPLC (detection limit: 30 ng/ml). The plasma levels of 1 mg of Vitamin B12 were not detected. An increase from 10 mg to 25 mg to 100 mg to 300 mg resulted in a proportional increase of Cmax. The fractional AUC and AUC0-Inf increased proportional to the doses. The half life was between 1.5 to 2.1 h, with no effect of the dose. The Cl and Vdss showed a tendency to increase at a rate quite lower than the increase in dose. The population Cl, Vdss, and kel were similar to those derived from the noncompartment analysis. The urinary excretion of Vitamin B12 increased with dose, being excreted >75% of 10 mg in 24 hours. In conclusion, the PK profile of large single doses of Vitamin B12 intravenously administered is linear in a range between 10 to 300 mg and is properly described by a two-compartment PK model. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2004) 75, P84–P84; doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.321
An Audio and Image-Based On-Demand Content Annotation Framework for Augmenting the Video Viewing Experience on Mobile Devices (2015)

The availability of annotated multimedia contents is a crucial requirement for a number of applications. In the context of education it could support the automatic summarization of recorded lessons or the retrieval of learning material. In the field of entertainment, it could serve to recommend audio and video resources based on user's attitudes. In this work, a framework supporting video viewing experience augmentation on mobile devices by means of image- and text-based annotations extracted on-demand from Wikipedia is presented. Speech recognition is exploited to periodically get text snaps from the audio track of the video currently displayed on the mobile device, while query-by-images is used to generate a text summary of extracted video frames. Keywords obtained are treated by semantic techniques to find named entities associated with the multimedia contents, which are then superimposed to the video and displayed to the user in a synchronized way. Promising results obtained with a prototype implementation showed the feasibility of the proposed solution, which could be possibly combined with other systems, e.g., Providing information about user's location, preferences, etc. To build up more sophisticated context-aware applications.