gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell cycle-associated changes in receptors for IgE during growth and differentiation of a rat basophilic leukemia cell line. (1975)

The rat basophilic leukemia cell line (RBL-1) showed an inverse relationship between growth rate and expression of receptor activity for IgE. After prolonged exponential growth, the number of receptors per cell stabilized at 4-6 times 10-5. Cells in stationary cultures, which are arrested in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, continued to accumulate up to 0.9-1.7 times 10-6 receptors/cell with no increase in volume. Upon resuspension in fresh medium at low density, these cells were shown to lose up to 70% of the receptor activity within 4 h. Assessment of cultures synchronized by double thymidine block and cells fractionated by centrifugation of a Ficoll gradient indicated that the RBL-1 cells acquire receptors in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. No accumulation of active receptors occurred during the S and G2 phases, though the average cell volume increased. Cell division resulted in a drop in number of receptors per cell while the number of cell-bound receptors in the culture remained unchanged. This indicates that during mitosis receptors were simply distributed to daughter cells.
Cytoskeletal Protection: Acting on Notch to Prevent Neuronal Dysfunction (2013)

Functional and structural plasticity is a fundamental property of the brain involving chemical, electrical, molecular and cellular responses and leading to reorganization of connections within a brain region and/or between brain regions. The Notch pathway has been recognized as one of the main contributors in regulating neural development and has been proposed as a key mediator in neuroplasticity. We supported this concept, demonstrating that Notch plays a role in determining the only possible 'cell fate' decisions in post-mitotic mature neurons: synaptic remodelling or neurite extension/retraction. We demonstrated that Notch pathway activation causes a decrease in neurite branching and a loss of varicosities, with consequent reduction in the release of neurotransmitters. Furthermore, in dysfunctional neurons that present Notch pathway hyper-activation, neuronal morphology was reverted by Notch-inhibiting agents. Potentially, a better understanding of the molecular events participating in neuroplasticity may provide relevant information for innovative therapeutic approaches in a variety of neurological disorders. Hence, we propose a Notch-signalling fine-tuned manipulation as a novel approach to modulate neuronal cytoskeleton plasticity in order to prevent dysfunctional structural plasticity in neurodegenerative diseases.
TLP brazing of nickel-based superalloys and high alloy steels (2001)

This systematic study is carried out to determine the effect of mechanical vibrations on the wetting and spreading of AMS 4777 filler metal on nickel substrate and its effect on TLP brazing process. Several variables including vibration frequency, amplitude, intensity, time, and temperature have been investigated.
An Analysis of Uplink Base Station Cooperation with Practical Constraints (2012)

The demand for high-rate wireless services grows unabated as new mobile devices and data-hungry applications continue to emerge. However, despite many advanced physical and link layer techniques that are employed in today's cellular networks, a large number of mobile users, especially at the cell edges, receive inadequate data rates due to high interference and path loss. Several techniques that exploit inter-base station cooperation have been proposed to address the inter-cell interference problem. While the initial studies show promising gains in idealized environments, it is important to analyze these techniques in a more realistic setting. This study provides detailed analyses of the benefits provided by uplink base station cooperation with several practical constraints and issues that would be encountered in a realistic cellular network deployment. Our results indicate that the cooperative signal processing techniques are robust to channel estimation errors given the pilot structure available in contemporary wireless systems. Furthermore, uplink cooperation can substantially improve the interference management capability of the cellular network, providing significant rate improvement over current non-cooperative networks.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Caveolin Gene Expression Predicts Clinical Outcomes for Early-Stage HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Paclitaxel-Based Chemotherapy in the GeparSepto Trial (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S2. CAV1 and CAV2 expression in breast cancer.&lt;/p&gt;
Understanding Types of Users on Twitter (2014)

People use microblogging platforms like Twitter to involve with other users for a wide range of interests and practices. Twitter profiles run by different types of users such as humans, bots, spammers, businesses and professionals. This research work identifies six broad classes of Twitter users, and employs a supervised machine learning approach which uses a comprehensive set of features to classify users into the identified classes. For this purpose, we exploit users' profile and tweeting behavior information. We evaluate our approach by performing 10-fold cross validation using manually annotated 716 different Twitter profiles. High classification accuracy (measured using AUC, and precision, recall) reveals the significance of the proposed approach.
Automatic Brachytherapy Seed Placement Under MRI Guidance (2007)

The paper presents a robotic method of performing low dose rate prostate brachytherapy under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance. The design and operation of a fully automated MR compatible seed injector is presented. This is used with the MrBot robot for transperineal percutaneous prostate access. A new image-registration marker and algorithms are also presented. The system is integrated and tested with a 3T MRI scanner. Tests compare three different registration methods, assess the precision of performing automated seed deployment, and use the seeds to assess the accuracy of needle targeting under image guidance. Under the ideal conditions of the in vitro experiments, results show outstanding image-guided needle and seed placement accuracy.
False-negative rate, limit of detection and recovery efficiency performance of a validated macrofoam-swab sampling method for low surface concentrations ofBacillus anthracisSterne andBacillus atrophaeusspores (2016)

The results provide valuable information on the performance of the macrofoam-swab method for low surface concentrations of Bacillus spores, which can be adapted to assess the likelihood that there is no contamination when all macrofoam-swab samples fail to detect B. anthracis.
EFFECTS OF DELETION VARIANT OF HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR ON REDUCED-SIZE LIVER TRANSPLANTATION IN RATS1,2 (1999)

Administering dHGF after liver transplantation augments the regeneration and functional recovery of partial liver grafts and reduces hepatocyte injury in acute cellular rejection.
ADAMTS7 in Cardiovascular Disease (2015)

Work in Dr Andrés’ laboratory is supported by grants SAF2013-46663-R and RD12/0042/0028 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) with cofunding from the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), the European Commission (Liphos, grant agreement No. 317916), and the Progeria Research Foundation (Established Investigator Award). Work in Dr Arroyo’s laboratory is supported by grants SAF2011-25619 and RD12/0042/0023 from MINECO (FEDER cofunded), the European Commission (CardioNext, grant agreement No. 608027), and La Marató de TV3 Foundation. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) is supported by the MINECO and the Pro-CNIC Foundation
Causal pluralism and force dynamics (2014)

Abstract Causal cognition is characterized by a range of phenomena, including the distinction between cause and enable, transitivity, and causation by omission. Two major classes of causal theories—dependency theories and process theories—have had limited success explaining these phenomena. According to causal pluralism, the failure of these theories indicates that more than one theory is needed to account for the full range of phenomena associated with causal cognition. While combining theories allows us to account for a wide range of phenomena, this benefit comes at a cost: when theories overlap, their predictions usually conflict. This chapter shows how Talmy's (1988) force-dynamic theory can be extended to handle causal chains. It is shown how one particular process account can handle the wide range of phenomena addressed in pluralist theories without internal inconsistency and, ultimately, how such a theory may offer a single, unified theory of causation.
Changes in Listing's plane after sustained vertical fusion. (2002)

Prolonged fusion of a vertical disparity is associated with a change in the orientation of Listing's plane that persists under monocular viewing. Possible mechanisms include phoria adaptation, the prolonged fusional effort itself, and the residual disparity that must be overcome by sensory mechanisms.
Hyperthermic sensitization by the radical initiator 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH). I.In vitrostudies (1994)

AAPH (2,2′-azobis-(2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride)) is a water-soluble, heat-labile azo compound which undergoes thermal decomposition to produce carbon-centred free radicals. These carbon-centred radicals might be directly cytotoxic or may react with oxygen to produce potentially cytotoxic alkoxyl and peroxyl radicals. The rate of free radical production as a result of AAPH thermal decomposition increases with increasing temperature. We have evaluated the efficacy of AAPH as a heat sensitizer for Chinese hamster V79 cells by the clonogenic assay. AAPH (50 mM) was not cytotoxic to V79 cells at 37°C for exposures up to 3 h. In contrast, AAPH (50 mM) was found to markedly sensitize cells exposed to 42, 43 and 45°C. For a 75 min exposure to 42°C alone, cell survival was reduced to 9×10-1; however, a 75 min exposure at 42°C + AAPH resulted in survival of 5·5×10-4. For 43 and 45·5°C heating, cell survival was potentiated by AAPH at the 1% survival level by 4·1 and 1·4-fold, respectively. AAPH was also found to sensitize both hypoxic cells and thermotolerant cells. These findings would encourage in vivo evaluation of AAPH (or analogues) as a temperature-dependent heat sensitizer. AAPH represents a new class of heat sensitizers which may have use in unravelling the mechanism(s) of heat killing and may have utility in local hyperthermia treatment.
Clinical, ethical, and medical legal considerations on emergency contraception. (2005)

The "Yuzpe regimen" of a combined oral estrogen-progestogen pill has been the most commonly used method for emergency contraception. A new method recently proposed, a progestin-only pill with levonorgestrel 0.75 mg, is having better results than the previous one, with a lower incidence of side-effects and higher efficacy. Moreover, the treatment with this method does not interfere in case of a pregnancy already being carried and cannot interrupt it.
Kinetics of Hydrolysis of 8-(Arylamino)-2‘-deoxyguanosines (2002)

The 8-(arylamino)-2'-deoxyguanosines, or C-8 adducts, are the major adducts formed by reaction of N-arylnitrenium ions derived from carcinogenic and mutagenic amines with 2'-deoxyguanosine (d-G) and guanosine residues of DNA. The hydrolysis kinetics of three C-8 adducts 1a-c were determined by UV and HPLC methods at 20 degrees C under acidic, neutral, and mildly alkaline conditions. At pH < 2 the dominant hydrolysis process is spontaneous cleavage of the C-N bond of the doubly protonated substrate, 1H(2)(+2) (Scheme 2). The C-8 adducts are 2- to 5-fold more reactive than d-G under these conditions. At 3 < pH < 6 the hydrolysis kinetics are dominated by cleavage of the C-N bond of the monoprotonated nucleoside 1H(+). Under these conditions the hydrolysis kinetics are accelerated by 40- to 1300-fold over that of d-G. The rate increase appears to be caused by a combination of steric acceleration of C-N bond cleavage and a decrease in the ionization constant of 1H(+), K(a1), due to the electron-donating properties of the arylamino C-8 substituent. Under neutral pH conditions a slow (k(obs) approximately 10(-8) s(-1) to 5 x 10(-7) s(-1)) spontaneous cleavage of the C-N bond of the neutral nucleoside, 1, occurs that has not been previously reported for simple purine nucleosides. Finally, under mildly alkaline conditions a process consistent with spontaneous decomposition of the anion 1(-) or OH(-)-induced decomposition of 1 is observed. The latter process has been observed for other purine nucleosides, including the closely related 1d, and involves nucleophilic attack of OH(-) on C-8 to cleave the imidazole ring of the purine.
Cyclodextrins as chiral additives for chromatographic separation of some mandelic acid esters into enantiomers (2002)

Chromatographic behaviour of mandelic acid and its (methyl, ethyl,n-propyl and n-butyl) esters have been studied in RP-HPLC system modified with α-, β-, γ-cyclodextrins and permethylated β-cyclodextrin. It has been found that although native cyclodextrins form with esters a relatively stable complexes of 1:1 stoichiometry, which do not recognize enantiomers. On the contrary, permethylated β-cyclodextrin permits efficient separation of optical isomers. Improved separations have been observed with the lengthening of aliphatic chain in an ester molecule. The enantiomers of esters have been always eluted with the same sequence: first R(-) enantiomer, second the S(+) one, while the order was inverse for free mandelic acid optical isomers. This difference may suggest dissimilar manner of attachment. The attempts to discuss the results in the light of Dalgliesh three point attachment concept have been undertaken. It was assumed that hydrophobic interactions between methyl groups of permethylated β-cyclodextrin and alkyl group of ester produce diversity in attachment of enantiomers. In optimization procedure i.e. to obtain base line separation at the shortest time of analysis three parameters have been taken into account; temperature, methanol concentration and native β-cyclodextrin addition. In effect the use of addition of β-cyclodextrin is worth to recommendation.
Activity of iridium pyridine-based nanophotoswitches in retina (2018)

Purpose : Nanophotoswitches (NPSs) offer a new tool for optical stimulation of neuronal activity, in vitro and potentially in vivo. Our group previously reported a ruthenium bipyridine-based NPS (Rubpy-C17) that, after injection into the eyes of photoreceptor degenerated blind rats, elicited electrical activity in the contralateral superior colliculus upon light exposure. Compared with the ruthenium complexes, the family of iridium complexes has been more widely used in clinics, owing to its biosafety profile. We have thus synthesized and tested Irbpy-C17, an analog of Rubpy-C17 with the ruthenium core replaced by iridium.&#13;\n&#13;\nMethods : Rubpy molecules can be visualized by their luminescence upon visible wavelength illumination. To examine membrane incorporation, fluorescence imaging of HEK cells was obtained after incubation with Irbpy-C17. Activity of Irbpy-C17 was studied by MEA recording from wholemount retina after intravitreal injection. The test molecules were administered into the vitreous of blind RCS rats at the concentration of 200 µM. Animals were kept in dark after injection until the surgical dissection of retina. Acutely isolated retina was mounted on the MEA with the ganglion cell layer facing down to capture the spiking activity in response to light stimuli.&#13;\n&#13;\nResults : Irbpy-C17 exhibited good membrane incorporation similar to that of Rubpy-C17. Interestingly, despite that Irbpy-C17 elicited minimal light response initially, subsequent application of synaptic blocker cocktail that pharmacologically isolated RGCs substantially enhanced the light activation of RGCs (1.8 ± 0.3 fold increase in spike frequency). In comparison with the 3-hour incubation between injection and dissection, prolonged 24-hour incubation led to a more pronounced 2.5 ± 0.5 fold increase in spike frequency.&#13;\n&#13;\nConclusions : Our data suggest that Irbpy-C17 may act on multiple components of the retinal neural circuitry that could suppress its direct action on RGCs via synaptic transmission. These molecules intravitreally administered remain stable and active in the ocular environment up to at least one day post injection. These data will prompt us to further study the iridium complexes in parallel with the ruthenium counterparts, particularly for the underlying mechanism of their differential behavior. The NPSs obviates the need for gene manipulation or toxic UV illumination, highlighting its potential in generating high-acuity prosthetic vision in the blind.
An integrated CMOS passive transmitter leakage suppression technique for FDD Radios (2014)

An integrated passive transmitter (TX) leakage suppression technique is proposed for FDD Radios. A Four Port Canceller (FPC) serves a dual function as a receiver (RX) input matching network, and provides an auxiliary path from TX to RX, used for leakage cancellation, without degrading the RX noise figure (NF). The FPC is integrated with a low noise amplifier (LNA) and an emulated power amplifier (PA) in 40nm CMOS process. A cancellation of 23dB is achieved with a negligible power consumption and noise penalty.
Intrinsic Cardiac Autonomic Ganglionated Plexi within Epicardial Fats Modulate the Atrial Substrate Remodeling: Experiences with Atrial Fibrillation Patients Receiving Catheter Ablation. (2016)

Atrial fibrillation • Dominant frequency • Epicardial fat • Nest • Recurrence.
Response theory of optical forces in two-port photonics systems: a simplified framework for examining conservative and non-conservative forces (2011)

We extend the response theory of optical forces to general electromagnetic systems which can be treated as multi-port systems with multiple mechanical degrees of freedom. We demonstrate a fundamental link between the scattering properties of an optical system to its ability to produce conservative or non-conservative optical forces. Through the exploration of two nontrivial two-port systems, including an analytical Fabry-Perot interferometer and a more complex particle-in-a-waveguide structure, we show perfect agreement between the response theory and numerical first-principle calculations. We show that new insights into the origins of optical forces from the response theory provide clear means of understanding conservative and non-conservative forces in a regime where traditional gradient force picture fails.
Modelling of an integrated quality system using IDEFO (2002)

This paper investigates issues relating to quality and quality strategy and outlines a framework for a quality system which integrates people, technology and methods to enable businesses to benefit from the synergy provided in bringing these aspects together. IT has an important part to play in the realisation of the concept. A modelling method based on IDEFO is examined and a case study presented where IDEFO is used to model a semiconductor manufacturing process.
COVID-19: a catalyst for the digitization of surgical teaching at a German University Hospital (2022)

The conversion of teaching represented the first contact with eLearning for most students. Overall, the eLearning offering was experienced as positive. Due to the new teaching structure, the way of learning had already changed during the semester. Based on the new eLearning content, the already existing formats can be further expanded in the future. Nevertheless, it turned out that the practical-surgical contents and skills cannot be adequately represented by purely online offers; for this, the development of hybrid practice-oriented teaching concepts is necessary.
Hodgkin lymphoma: a curable disease: what comes next? (2005)

Bonadonna Lecture at the Sixth International Hodgkin Lymphoma Congress Cologne, 19 September 2004.
Efficacy and Safety of a Once Daily Regimen with Efavirenz, Lamivudine, and Didanosine, with and without Food, as Initial Therapy for HIV Infection: The ELADI Study (2007)

The combination of didanosine (ddI) and lamivudine (3TC) is attractive considering its low cost, potency, tolerability, and convenience (once daily administration), but it is not recommended as first-line therapy for HIV infection. A prospective, multicenter, open, comparative trial was conducted in HIV-infected, antiretroviral-naive persons in Spain who begun a QD regimen with efavirenz (EFV), 3TC, plus ddI, the latter with or without food. A total of 103 patients were recruited in the study. Median baseline CD4 count was 229 cells/microl and plasma HIV-RNA was 4.9 logs copies/ml. In an intent-to-treat analysis, 78 (75.8%) had undetectable viremia at week 48 of therapy, without significant differences when comparing patients on and without fasting ddI (75% vs. 76.6%, respectively). The mean CD4 increase was of 199 cells/microl, with no significant differences between groups. Overall, 29 adverse events were recorded in 23 patients, the majority associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms of EFV. Treatment was discontinued in 10 (9.7%) patients due to adverse events. Virological failure was recognized in only six patients, four taking ddI with and two without food (p = 0.3). Drug resistance mutations were recognised in four of them. Plasma ddI concentrations did not differ significantly between groups. Mitochondrial DNA within peripheral blood mononuclear cells tended to increase in most subjects over 48 weeks of therapy regardless of treatment group. A QD regimen with ddI, 3TC, and EFV shows potency and tolerance similar to that reported using other currently recommended regimens in drug-naive HIV-infected patients. Its efficacy does not seem to be compromised when ddI is administered with food. Therefore, this regimen merits further investigation in larger comparative trials.
ChemInform Abstract: Free Radical Rearrangement of Bicyclo(2.2.2)‐ and Bicyclo(4.2.0) octenone Systems. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cholinergic left-right asymmetry in the habenulo-interpeduncular pathway (2013)

The habenulo-interpeduncular pathway, a highly conserved cholinergic system, has emerged as a valuable model to study left-right asymmetry in the brain. In larval zebrafish, the bilaterally paired dorsal habenular nuclei (dHb) exhibit prominent left-right differences in their organization, gene expression, and connectivity, but their cholinergic nature was unclear. Through the discovery of a duplicated cholinergic gene locus, we now show that choline acetyltransferase and vesicular acetylcholine transporter homologs are preferentially expressed in the right dHb of larval zebrafish. Genes encoding the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits α2 and β4 are transcribed in the target interpeduncular nucleus (IPN), suggesting that the asymmetrical cholinergic pathway is functional. To confirm this, we activated channelrhodopsin-2 specifically in the larval dHb and performed whole-cell patch-clamp recording of IPN neurons. The response to optogenetic or electrical stimulation of the right dHb consisted of an initial fast glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic current followed by a slow-rising cholinergic current. In adult zebrafish, the dHb are divided into discrete cholinergic and peptidergic subnuclei that differ in size between the left and right sides of the brain. After exposing adults to nicotine, fos expression was activated in subregions of the IPN enriched for specific nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits. Our studies of the newly identified cholinergic gene locus resolve the neurotransmitter identity of the zebrafish habenular nuclei and reveal functional asymmetry in a major cholinergic neuromodulatory pathway of the vertebrate brain.