gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of PEEP and Jugular Venous Compression on Canine Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in the Head Elevated Position (1988)

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) (radiolabelled microspheres) and oxygen consumption (CMRO2) were studied in nine dogs during 30 min of either neck vein compression or application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation. With the animal in the prone position, elevation of the head from horizontal to 30 cm above the heart markedly decreased cisterna magna (PCSF) and dorsal sagittal sinus pressure (PCV). With the head elevated, compression of neck veins using neck tourniquet (pressure 40 mmHg) increased PCSF and PCV from 3.6 +/- 2.2 to 6.8 +/- 4.8 and -2.5 +/- 2.7 to 2.3 +/- 2.3 mmHg (mean +/- SE, P less than 0.05), respectively, while total or regional CBF and CMRO2 remained unchanged. Application of PEEP (15 cm H2O) increased right atrial pressure (-4.7 +/- 1.7 to -0.1 +/- 3.4 mmHg, P less than 0.05), but did not affect PCSF or PCV (3.4 +/- 3.3 to 3.3 +/- 3.7 and -3.5 +/- 2.6 to -4.1 +/- 2.4 mmHg, respectively, P greater than 0.05). Total or regional CBF and CMRO2 were also unaffected. These data demonstrate that, although neither maneuver affects CBF or CMRO2, neck vein compression elevates PCV above atmospheric pressure, but PEEP does not. In patients at risk for cerebral venous embolism, intermittent neck vein compression should be used as a prophylactic measure to prevent air embolism.
Effect of Interferon, Polyacrylic Acid, and Polymethacrylic Acid on Tail Lesions in Mice Infected with Vaccinia Virus (1968)

Intravenous inoculation of mice with vaccinia virus produced characteristic lesions of the tail surface which were suppressed by intraperitoneal administration of interferon and polyacrylic acid (PAA). Polymethacrylic acid (PMAA) stimulated the formation of vaccinia virus lesions. For full activity, both interferon and PAA must be given prior to infection. PAA was still significantly effective at small dose levels (3 mg/kg) and achieved protection for at least 4 weeks. Protection increased with increasing molecular weight of the polymer. The mode of action of PAA is discussed.
Influence of Temperature and Pressure on Electroformed Nickel under Supercritical Conditions (2010)

An experimental comparison study of temperatures and pressures on fine electroformed nickel was conducted was investigated under supercritical conditions.The results show that the optimal temperature and pressure for supercritical carbon dioxide micro-electroforming nickel are 45 ℃ and 16 MPa respectively.On this basis,a new process for supercritical(micro-electroforming) is obtained.
Inhibition of 5’-methylthioadenosine metabolism in the Yang cycle alters polyamine levels, and impairs seedling growth and reproduction in Arabidopsis (2010)

The methionine or Yang cycle recycles Met from 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) which is produced from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) as a by-product of ethylene, polyamines, and nicotianamine (NA) synthesis. MTA nucleosidase is encoded by two genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, MTN1 and MTN2. Analysis of T-DNA insertion mutants and of wt revealed that MTN1 provides approximately 80% of the total MTN activity. Severe knock down of MTN enzyme activity in the mtn1-1 and mtn1-2 allelic lines resulted in accumulation of SAM/dSAM (decarboxylated SAM) and of MTA in seedlings grown on MTA as sulfur source. While ethylene and NA synthesis were not altered in mtn1-1 and mtn1-2 seedlings grown on MTA, putrescine and spermine were elevated. By contrast, mtn2-1 and mtn2-2 seedlings with near wt enzyme activity had wt levels of SAM/dSAM, MTA, and polyamines. In addition to the metabolic phenotypes, mtn1-1 and mtn1-2 seedlings were growth retarded, while seedlings of wt, mtn2-1, and mtn2-2 showed normal growth on 500 microm MTA. The double knock down mutant mtn1-1/mtn2-1 was sterile. In conclusion, the data presented identify MTA as a crucial metabolite that acts as a regulatory link between the Yang cycle and polyamine biosynthesis and identifies MTA nucleosidase as a crucial enzyme of the Yang cycle.
MptpB, a virulence factor from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, exhibits triple-specificity phosphatase activity (2007)

Bacterial pathogens have developed sophisticated mechanisms of evading the immune system to survive in infected host cells. Central to the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the arrest of phagosome maturation, partly through interference with PtdIns signalling. The protein phosphatase MptpB is an essential secreted virulence factor in M. tuberculosis. A combination of bioinformatics analysis, enzyme kinetics and substrate-specificity characterization revealed that MptpB exhibits both dual-specificity protein phosphatase activity and, importantly, phosphoinositide phosphatase activity. Mutagenesis of conserved residues in the active site signature indicates a cysteine-based mechanism of dephosphorylation and identifies two new catalytic residues, Asp165, essential in catalysis, and Lys164, apparently involved in substrate specificity. Sequence similarities with mammalian lipid phosphatases and a preference for phosphoinositide substrates suggests a potential novel role of MptpB in PtdIns metabolism in the host and reveals new perspectives for the role of this phosphatase in mycobacteria pathogenicity.
Investigation of adversarial robust training for establishing interpretable CNN-based numerical observers (2022)

The use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for establishing anthropomorphic numerical observers (ANOs) is being actively explored. In these data-driven approaches, CNNs are trained in a standard supervised way with human-labeled training data; hence, the anthropomorphic component of this procedure resides only in the training labels. However, it is well-known that such traditionally trained CNNs can rely on image features that are highly specific to the training distribution and may not align with features exploited by human perception. While being able to predict human observer performance under certain specified conditions, traditionally-trained CNNs lack the interpretability and robustness that may be desired for an ANO. To address this, in this work we investigate the use of an adversarial robust training strategy for training CNN-based observers. As recently demonstrated in the computer vision literature, this training strategy can result in CNNs that exploit more human-interpretable features than would be employed by a standard CNN. Robustly trained CNNs are systematically investigated for performing a signal-known-exactly (SKE) and background-known-statistically (BKS) binary detection task. Additionally, a differential evolution-based optimization procedure is developed to establish robustly trained CNNs that achieve a specified performance, which may provide a new approach to establishing ANOs.
Hardware Co-Processor For Real-Time And High Quality H.264/Avc Video Coding (2006)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 2006
Nonneutralizing Antibodies to the CD4-Binding Site on the gp120 Subunit of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Do Not Interfere with the Activity of a Neutralizing Antibody against the Same Site (2002)

We have investigated whether nonneutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the gp120 subunit of the envelope glycoprotein (Env) complex of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can interfere with HIV-1 neutralization by another anti-gp120 MAb. We used neutralizing (b12) and nonneutralizing (205-42-15, 204-43-1, 205-46-9) MAbs to the epitope cluster overlapping the CD4-binding site (CD4BS) on gp120. All the MAbs, neutralizing or otherwise, cross-competed for binding to monomeric gp120, indicating the close topological proximity of their epitopes. However, the nonneutralizing CD4BS MAbs did not interfere with the neutralization activity of MAb b12. In contrast, in a binding assay using oligomeric Env expressed on the surface of Env-transfected cells, the nonneutralizing MAbs did partially compete with b12 for Env binding. The surface of Env-transfected cells contains two categories of binding site for CD4BS MAbs. One type of site is recognized by both b12 and nonneutralizing CD4BS MAbs; the other is recognized by only b12. Binding assays for Env-gp120 interactions based on the use of monomeric gp120 or Env-transfected cells do not predict the outcome of HIV-1 neutralization assays, and they should therefore be used only with caution when gauging the properties of anti-Env MAbs.
Hydrodynamics Simulation of Different Impeller Geometries Applied to Non-Newtonian Fluids in A Stirred Tank Reactor (2020)

In the present study bubble breakup and coalescence phenomena applied to non-newtonian fluids were simulated in order to characterize gas-liquid mass transfer in a 10 L bioreactor equipped with different impeller configurations. The 𝒌𝑳𝒂 mass transfer coefficient was estimated based on hydrodynamics simulation. Four geometries are proposed for analyzing flow pattern effect on gas liquid mass-transfer: Anchor Impeller (Radial Flow Pattern), Helical Impeller (axial upwards pumping), Interference Turbine (axial upwards and downwards pumping) and High Efficiency Turbine (axial downwards pumping). It was found that radial velocity flow patterns maximize 𝒌𝑳𝒂 as a consequence of its great capacity to break bubbles in Non-Newtonian fluids. The latter is confirmed by the highest 𝒌𝑳𝒂 values simulated using the Anchor Impeller. Also, it was found that pumping flow direction influences air dispersion: axial downwards pumping of High Efficiency Turbine generates better results in comparison to axial downwards pumping geometries (Helical Impeller). Motivated by results found on this work, the main criteria to design a device for improving of 𝒌𝑳𝒂 mass transfer in nonNewtonian applications are: (a) generating of radial, axial pumping down and shear velocities; (b) generating of small bubbles, and (c) generating of wall shear stress, lower than critical values reported according to references.
DNA-binding proteins in human urine (1981)

Conference Article| August 01 1981 DNA-binding proteins in human urine KAMALJIT K. SHARMA; KAMALJIT K. SHARMA 1Department of Biochemistry, Medical Biology Centre, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. ALAN HILL J. ALAN HILL 2Department of Biochemistry, Medical Biology Centre, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1981) 9 (4): 318–319. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0090318 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation KAMALJIT K. SHARMA, J. ALAN HILL; DNA-binding proteins in human urine. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1981; 9 (4): 318–319. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0090318 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: SDS, sodium dodecyl sulphate, QAE-, quaternary aminoethyl- This content is only available as a PDF. © 1981 Biochemical Society1981 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Diffusion of silicon in crystalline germanium - eScholarship (2005)

Diffusion of silicon in crystalline germanium H. H. Silvestri Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720. H. Bracht Institut fur Materialphysik, Universtitat Munster, D-48149 Munster, Germany. J. Lundsgaard Hansen and A. Nylandsted Larsen Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. E. E. Haller Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720. (Received ABSTRACT We report the determination of the diffusion coefficient of Si in crystalline Ge over the temperature range of 550 to 900 °C. A molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) grown buried Si layer in an epitaxial Ge layer on a crystalline Ge substrate was used as the source for the diffusion experiments. For samples annealed at temperatures above 700 °C, a 50 nm thick SiO 2 cap layer was deposited to prevent decomposition of the Ge surface. We found the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient to be described by a single activation energy (3.32 eV) and pre-factor (38 cm 2 /s) over the entire temperature range studied. The diffusion of the isovalent Si in Ge is slower than Ge self-diffusion over the full temperature range and reveals an activation enthalpy which is higher than that of self- diffusion. This points to a reduced interaction potential between the Si atom and the
The tRNA “Wobble Position” Uridines. IV. The Synthesis of 2′-O-Methyl-5-methoxycarbonylmethyluridine and its Derivatives (1990)

Abstract 2′-O-Methyl-5-methoxycarbonylmethyluridine (1) was synthesized via N3, 5′, 3′-O-protected intermediate 6. Nucleoside 1 was transformed to the next “wobble uridines”, 2 and 3, by hydrolysis and ammonolysis, respectively.
Human mortality: written in the stars? (2007)

Purpose This paper seeks to consider certain characteristics of the human mortality table, and the possibility that mortality rates are governed by an underlying natural law. Design/methodology/approach After providing a brief overview of the mathematics of the mortality table, explores the reasonableness of using a simple analytic function to model the mortality hazard rate. Findings By comparing the perceived accuracy of Makeham's Law in actuarial science with that of the Titius‐Bode Law in astronomy, it is seen that simple mathematical rules are not always as useful as they may appear initially. Originality/value The editorial identifies a problem common to all branches of the natural and social sciences: the possibility of “discovering” formal mathematical relationships where none in fact exists.
Analysis of Two Phosphoproteins Related to pp60src from Schmidt-ruppin D Virus Particles (1983)

During endogenous phosphorylation of partially purified pp60src from virus particles, besides pp60src two additional phosphoproteins, 45K and 42K, were found. These proteins copurify with pp60src. They were shown to be proteolytic degradation products due to the action of the virus-associated protease p15. All three phosphoproteins were present in particles of two different sarcoma virus strains, Schmidt-Ruppin D and Prague C, indicating that this phenomenon is general rather than strain-specific. The degradation rate of pp60src was reduced by the presence of 3 mM-ZnCl2, which acts as a protease inhibitor.
Effects of Plant Vinegar Extract on the Reduction of Blood Concentration of Alcohol and Acetaldehyde in Alcohol Administrated Rats (2005)

Excessive drinking causes 'alcohol hangover' within 8-16 hours. The cause of 'hangover' has not been elucidated exactly until now, but it is reported that it is caused by the creation of blood ethanol and acetaldehyde as ethanol metabolites. In this study vinegar extract of wood (VE) or OC-1, to which the powder extract of green tea leaves extract is added, was administered to the rats 30 minutes before the oral administration of ethanol (3 g/kg) and the blood ethanol and acetaldehyde concentration was measured in order to evaluate the efficacy of the beverage material for detoxification. As a result, the blood ethanol concentration in the group of the VE-1(vinegar crude extract) and VE-2 (double diluted solution) is statistically lower (P,0.05) than the exclusive alcohol administered control group. The blood acetaldehyde concentration of all groups of VE and OC-2, which is the double dilution of OC-1, is statistically low after 7 hours following ethanol administration. Especially, the AUC value of OC-2 group is statistically low compared to the control group. Accordingly, it indicates the conclusion that VE and OC-1, reducing the blood ethanol and acetaldehyde concentration which are two leading factors of 'hangover' after drinking, and worthwhile to be developed as beverage materials to eliminate 'hangover'.
Hydrogen Bonding Stabilized Self-Assembly of Inorganic Nanoparticles: Mechanism and Collective Properties (2015)

Developing a simple and efficient method to organize nanoscale building blocks into ordered superstructures, understanding the mechanism for self-assembly and revealing the essential collective properties are crucial steps toward the practical use of nanostructures in nanotechnology-based applications. In this study, we showed that the high-yield formation of ZnO nanoparticle chains with micrometer length can be readily achieved by the variation of solvents from methanol to water. Spectroscopic studies confirmed the solvent effect on the surface properties of ZnO nanoparticles, which were found to be critical for the formation of anisotropic assemblies. Quantum mechanical calculations and all atom molecular dynamic simulations indicated the contribution of hydrogen bonding for stabilizing the structure in water. Dissipative particle dynamics further revealed the importance of solvent-nanoparticle interactions for promoting one-dimensional self-assembly. The branching of chains was found upon aging, resulting in the size increase of the ensembles and network formation. Steady-state and time-resolved luminescent spectroscopes, which probed the variation of defect-related emission, revealed stronger Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between nanoparticles when the chain networks were formed. The high efficiency of FRET quenching can be ascribed to the presence of multiple energy transfer channels, as well as the short internanoparticle distances and the dipole alignment.
PIF- andPong-Like Transposable Elements: Distribution, Evolution and Relationship WithTourist-Like Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements (2004)

Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are short, nonautonomous DNA elements that are widespread and abundant in plant genomes. Most of the hundreds of thousands of MITEs identified to date have been divided into two major groups on the basis of shared structural and sequence characteristics: Tourist-like and Stowaway-like. Since MITEs have no coding capacity, they must rely on transposases encoded by other elements. Two active transposons, the maize P Instability Factor (PIF) and the rice Pong element, have recently been implicated as sources of transposase for Tourist-like MITEs. Here we report that PIF- and Pong-like elements are widespread, diverse, and abundant in eukaryotes with hundreds of element-associated transposases found in a variety of plant, animal, and fungal genomes. The availability of virtually the entire rice genome sequence facilitated the identification of all the PIF/Pong-like elements in this organism and permitted a comprehensive analysis of their relationship with Tourist-like MITEs. Taken together, our results indicate that PIF and Pong are founding members of a large eukaryotic transposon superfamily and that members of this superfamily are responsible for the origin and amplification of Tourist-like MITEs.
Relationship between Thyrotropin Receptor Hinge Region Proteolytic Posttranslational Modification and Receptor Physiological Function (2010)

The glycoprotein hormone receptor hinge region is the least conserved component and the most variable in size; the TSH receptor (TSHR) being the longest (152 amino acids; residues 261-412). The TSHR is also unique among the glycoprotein hormone receptor in undergoing in vivo intramolecular cleavage into disulfide-linked A- and B-subunits with removal of an intervening 'C-peptide' region. Experimentally, hinge region amino acids 317-366 (50 residues) can be deleted without alteration in receptor function. However, in vivo, more than 50 amino acids are deleted during TSHR intramolecular cleavage; furthermore, the boundaries of this deleted region are ragged and poorly defined. Studies to determine the extent to which hinge region deletions can be tolerated without affecting receptor function ('minimal hinge') are lacking. Using as a template the functionally normal TSHR with residues 317-366 deleted, progressive downstream extension of deletions revealed residue 371 to be the limit compatible with normal TSH binding and coupling with cAMP signal transduction. Based on the foregoing downstream limit, upstream deletion from residue 307 (307-371 deletion) was also tolerated without functional alteration, as was deletion of residues 303-366. Addressing a related issue regarding the functional role of the TSHR hinge region, we observed that downstream hinge residues 377-384 contribute to coupling ligand binding with cAMP signal transduction. In summary, we report the first evaluation of TSHR function in relation to proteolytic posttranslational hinge region modifications. Deletion of TSHR hinge amino acids 303-366 (64 residues) or 307-371 (65 residues) are the maximum hinge region deletions compatible with normal TSHR function.
Single event transient in bulk MOSFETs: Original modelling for SPICE application (2017)

Single Event Transient (SET) is an important issue concerning reliability of MOS devices. Lots of experimental and simulation works have already been done [1- 4] but few of them are dealing with compact modelling. In this paper, we develop a physical model which describes the transient current pulse which appears at the electrodes of a Bulk MOSFET after the striking of an ionizing particle in the device. The validation of the model has been done by some confrontations with TCAD simulations. It turned out that the developed model has an innovative aspect for implementation into SPICE simulator.
Molecular Design of Semiconducting Polymers for High-Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors (2016)

The organic electrochemical transistor (OECT), capable of transducing small ionic fluxes into electronic signals in an aqueous environment, is an ideal device to utilize in bioelectronic applications. Currently, most OECTs are fabricated with commercially available conducting poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-based suspensions and are therefore operated in depletion mode. Here, we present a series of semiconducting polymers designed to elucidate important structure-property guidelines required for accumulation mode OECT operation. We discuss key aspects relating to OECT performance such as ion and hole transport, electrochromic properties, operational voltage, and stability. The demonstration of our molecular design strategy is the fabrication of accumulation mode OECTs that clearly outperform state-of-the-art PEDOT-based devices, and show stability under aqueous operation without the need for formulation additives and cross-linkers.
Intelligent collaborative system and service in value network for enterprise computing (2017)

Recently, competitive environment for enterprise computing is being mixed with increased uncertainty of supply and demand, globalised markets, shortening of product’s life cycle, rapid change of pr...