gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ground-water and subsidence investigations of the LLL in situ coal gasification experiments. [Hoe Creek No. 1; Hoe Creek No. 2] (1978)

Ground-water sampling and subsidence measurements have been carried out at the sites of two in situ coal gasification experiments conducted in northeastern Wyoming by the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. Changes in ground-water quality and the possible effects of subsidence and ground movement induced by the gasification cavity represent important environmental concerns associated with the in situ coal gasification process. Our ground-water quality measurements near the site of the first experiment (Hoe Creek I) show a continuing decrease, after more than a year, in the concentration of important contaminants such as phenolic materials. Laboratory measurements have provided detailed information concerning phenol adsorption by coal. Long-term effects due to ground-water flow, and the detailed behavior of other contaminants remain to be investigated. Data from subsurface geotechnical instruments installed at the second gasification experiment (Hoe Creek II), as well as measurements of ground-water levels indicate that roof collapse has connected the gasification cavity with overlying aquifers. The implications of this interconnection for the dispersal of underground contaminants are being investigated.
The Safety and Efficacy of Transdermal Auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation Earbud Electrodes for Modulating Autonomic Arousal, Attention, Sensory Gating, and Cortical Brain Plasticity in Humans (2019)

Abstract Our work was motivated by the goal of developing a Targeted Neuroplasticity Training (TNT) method for enhancing foreign language learning. To this end, our primary effort was to evaluate new and optimized approaches to noninvasive vagal nerve stimulation (VNS). We considered several Human Factors Dimensions to develop methods that would be amenable to comfortable, everyday use in common training environments or contexts. Several approaches to noninvasive or external vagal nerve stimulation have been described. Transcutaneous modulation of the left cervical branch of the vagus nerve can be uncomfortable for users resulting in a distracting experience, which may not be ideal for augmenting plasticity during training. Transdermal auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) offers another approach by targeting nerve fibers innervating the external ear. Prior methods have described many different approached using electrode clips on the ear or stainless-steel ball electrodes, which can respectively result in mechanical discomfort and electrical stimulus discomfort due to high current densities. Other approaches use carbon-doped or conductive rubbers, which require wetting. This is problematic since small degrees of dehydration cause significant changes in the electrical impedance of the skin-electrode interface. Detailed human cadaveric studies have shown the external auditory meatus or ear canal is highly innervated by branches of the auricular vagus nerve. Therefore, we designed taVNS electrodes that were fabricated as a biocompatible, hydrogel earbud electrodes for unilateral or bilateral use. We then evaluated the safety and efficacy of these approaches across a range of stimulus frequencies and intensities. We further evaluated the influence of this approach on autonomic physiology by recording heart rate, heart rate variability, skin conductance, skin temperature, and respiration rate. We investigated attention using simultaneous EEG and pupillometry during auditory stimulation tasks. We further studied the effects on sensory gating and plasticity by examining EEG brain activity patterns obtained during auditory mismatch negativity tasks. Finally, we investigated the basic safety and tolerability of the methods and approaches. We found that a simple, dry (hydrogel), earbud electrode design is a safe and effective method for achieving taVNS. Given the safety, preliminary efficacy, and comfort outcomes observed, we conclude taVNS approaches using earbud electrodes warrant further development and investigation as a TNT tool, to mediate human-computer interactions, for brain-computer interfaces, and as medical devices for the treatment of pervasive health disorders.
Aliskiren Effect on Kidney Renin‐Prorenin Stained Cells in a Rat Model for Fat Embolism (2019)

Introduction The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the control of blood pressure through its action on the kidney and the treatment by the direct renin inhibitor Aliskiren (Ali) reduces it. We have previously shown in a rat model of fat embolism (FE) that triolein (T) injection leads to a severe inflammatory pulmonary reaction that causes fibrosis in lungs and Ali rescues it. We extended this study to the kidney by evaluating the renin/prorenin (R/P) presence in the kidney with and without Ali in a rat model of fat embolism. Methods Sprague Dawley rats (280–300 grams) were injected with T (0.2 ml IV, n=18) or saline (n=4) through tail vein. The T treated rats were divided into three groups of 6 rats each and one hour later injected with 0.2 ml saline, Ali 50mg/kg or Ali 100mg/kg while 4 controls received saline. After 48 hours, rats were euthanized, the kidneys were dissected out and fixed in 10 % formalin, sectioned and later immunostained for R/P specific antibody (from Abcam). Two pathologists unaware of the slide identity took 10 random images. R/P immunostained cells were quantified by using ImageJ program on medulla and cortical regions where the glomeruli were evident. Results In contrast to our previous results in the lungs of the same animals, the renal sections showed a minimal inflammatory damage without significant vasculitis and fibrosis. There are multiple cells cortical, tubular and glomerular showing the R/P cells immunostaining. It was evident by quantification of these cells by Image J that treatment with saline, T + saline, and T+ Ali resulted in an increase of R/P positive cells versus the saline + saline group but there was no statistically significant difference. However, in the glomeruli of the cortical region, R/P staining was mostly confined in the juxtaglomeruli of saline + saline and T+ saline groups and treatment with both doses of Ali reduced it and was statistically significant. Conclusion As previously reported for lungs and hearts, R/P positive cells were also present in kidneys. However in kidney, marked differences in several regions were seen after Ali administration. Furthermore, by reducing the R/P evaluation only to glomeruli, the study confirms that Ali pharmacological activity is interacting with the RAS system, and the drug has a potential use for the treatment of the respiratory distress syndrome consequent to the occurrence of fat embolism. Support or Funding Information Supported by Mary Katherine Geldmacher Research Foundation, St. Louis MO. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Resource allocation to femtocells for coordinated capacity expansion of wireless access infrastructures (2012)

As the Internet has penetrated everyday life, more and more users will demand high-quality services. However, the Internet was not designed to handle such heavy usage. Thus, networks need to be enhanced in order to deal with the increased traffic. In this study, the use of opportunistic networks (ONs) is studied. ONs are operator-governed, coordinated extensions of the infrastructure and are created dynamically for a limited time frame. The problem studied is the capacity extension of congested infrastructure via resource allocation to femtocells. More specifically, a macro base station (BS) is considered with deployed femtocells within its area. As soon as a problematic situation is discovered, the congested BS notifies the network management entity which will determine the solution method. In our case, a proportion of terminals that cause the congestion will be offloaded to the nearby femtocells relieving the macro BS. This is achieved through two approaches: a greedy algorithm that allocates the minimum possible power level to femtocells in order to acquire as much terminals as possible, and an energy-efficient algorithm that assigns the minimum possible power level to the femtocells that are required to cover specific terminals. Femtocells that are not needed are switched off.
Prevention of Anal Condyloma with Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccination of Older Men Who Have Sex with Men (2014)

Among MSM 26 years of age and older with and without history of anal condyloma, qHPV reduces the risk of anal condyloma development. A randomized controlled trial is needed to confirm these findings in this age group.
Erratum: “A hydrocarbon reaction model for low temperature hydrogen plasmas and an application to the Joint European Torus” [Phys. Plasmas 7, 1421 (2000)] (2002)

First Page
Does selegiline modify the progression of early Parkinson's disease? Results from a five‐year study (1999)

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of long-term treatment with selegiline on the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). One hundred and sixty-three patients with early PD were treated with levodopa and benserazide, combined with selegiline or placebo in a five-year randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel group study followed by a one-month wash-out of selegiline or placebo. The main outcome measures were assessments of the severity of parkinsonism, levodopa requirements and the development of end-of-dose motor fluctuations over time and after wash-out at the end of the study period. Results indicated that patients treated with the combination of selegiline and levodopa developed markedly less severe parkinsonism and required lower doses of levodopa during the five-year study period than patients treated with levodopa and placebo. There was no trend towards worsening during wash-out among patients previously treated with selegiline. The results cannot easily be explained by a symptomatic effect of selegiline.
Specific Protein Domains Mediate Cooperative Assembly of HuR Oligomers on AU-rich mRNA-destabilizing Sequences (2007)

The RNA-binding factor HuR is a ubiquitously expressed member of the Hu protein family that binds and stabilizes mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs). Hu proteins share a common domain organization of two tandemly arrayed RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) near the N terminus, followed by a basic hinge domain and a third RRM near the C terminus. In this study, we engineered recombinant wild-type and mutant HuR proteins lacking affinity tags to characterize their ARE-binding properties. Using combinations of electrophoretic mobility shift and fluorescence anisotropy-based binding assays, we show that HuR can bind ARE substrates as small as 13 nucleotides with low nanomolar affinity, but forms cooperative oligomeric protein complexes on ARE substrates of at least 18 nucleotides in length. Analyses of deletion mutant proteins indicated that RRM3 does not contribute to high affinity recognition of ARE substrates, but is required for cooperative assembly of HuR oligomers on RNA. Finally, the hinge domain between RRM2 and RRM3 contributes significant binding energy to HuR.ARE complex formation in an ARE length-dependent manner. The hinge does not enhance RNA-binding activity by increased ion pair formation despite extensive positive charge within this region, and it does not thermodynamically stabilize protein folding. Together, the results define distinct roles for the HuR hinge and RRM3 domains in formation of cooperative HuR.ARE complexes in solution.
pMOSFET Off-state Leakage and Junction Leakage Current in Ge-based Devices (2009)

The impact of the post-implantation Rapid Thermal Anneal (RTA) temperature on the leakage current of p+n junctions fabricated in epitaxial Ge-on-Si substrates is analyzed in terms of the area and the peripheral leakage current component. While the former is not clearly affected, it is shown that the peripheral leakage current density increases in the range 500 to 600oC. A similar trend is found for the off-state leakage current of pMOSFETs made in the same substrates. This is ascribed to a higher activation of the halo implantation, which generates a higher band-to-band tunneling at the interface. It is, finally, shown that replacing the standard BF2 extension implantation by a Ge pre-amorphization followed by a low-energy B implant improves the area leakage current density, most likely because of a lower residual damage.
Cell permeabilization using a non-thermal plasma (2009)

The atmospheric pressure glow discharge torch (APGD-t) is a miniature pulsed RF (13.56 MHz) plasma source specifically designed to efficiently produce and transport reactive species to and interact with biological samples. When applied to adherent cell cultures, the APGD-t is capable of inducing temporary cell permeabilization. In this work, we evaluate the maximum radius of macromolecules able to enter into HeLa cells following a plasma treatment using a size exclusion approach with dextran molecules. We observe that this maximum radius is below 6.5 nm. We also show that no degradation occurs when a plasmid DNA suspended in culture media is plasma-treated at the operating conditions leading to cell permeabilization. The plasma-assisted DNA transfection of the HeLa cells with the hrGFP-II-1 plasmid using the APGD-t is demonstrated. Local transfection efficiencies obtained are as high as 35%.
A 6.4Gb/s CMOS SerDes core with feedforward and decision-feedback equalization (2005)

A 4.9 to 6.4 Gb/s 2-level SerDes ASIC I/O core designed in 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS uses a 4-tap FFE in the transmitter and a 5-tap DFE with receiver AGC. Error-free operation is achieved on channels with over 30 dB loss at the half-baud rate. The TXRX pair consumes 290 mW from a 1.2 V supply and uses a die area of 0.79 mm/sup 2/.
Silica-based sulfonic acid (SiO2-Pr-SO3H): an efficient catalyst in the green one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidinones/thiones (2014)

SiO2-Pr-SO3H efficiently catalyzes the three-component coupling of ethyl acetoacetate, aldehydes, and urea (or thiourea) under solvent-free conditions to afford the corresponding dihydropyrimidinones. Compared with the classical Biginelli reaction conditions, this protocol has the advantage of very short reaction time (2 minutes), good to excellent yields, recyclable catalyst, and simple experimental procedure.
Spherical Near-field Probe Fed Antenna Techniques for Accurate Millimeter Wave Measurements (2016)

International audience
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Pacing (1997)

“He who expresses an opinion should not voice it as correct and right but set it forth as a contribution to the consensus of opinion, for the light of reality becomes apparent when two opinions coincide. A spark is produced when flint and steel come together. Man should weigh his opinions with the utmost serenity, calmness, and composure. Before expressing his own views he should carefully consider the views already advanced by others. If he finds that a previously expressed opinion is more true and worthy, he should accept it immediately and not willfully hold to an opinion of his own. By this excellent method he endeavors to arrive at unity and truth.”—Abdu'l‐Bahá 1
The 10th IEEE Signal Processing Workshop on Statistical Signal and Array Processing (2000)

Abstract : This is the Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Workshop on Statistical Signal and Array Processing (SSAP), which was held at the Pocono Manor Inn, Pocono Manor, Pa during the period of August 14th-16th, 2000. The Workshop featured four keynote speakers whose talks covered the areas of Radar and Sonar Signal Processing; Time-Delay Estimation; Space-Time Codes; and Multi-carrier CDMA. The Workshop offered traditional and new research topics. it included one session on Radar Signal Processing, one session on Signal Processing for GPS, one session on Network Traffic Modeling, one session on Statistical Signal Processing, one session on Acoustical Signal Processing, two sessions on Time-Frequency Analysis, two sessions on Array Processing, three sessions on Second and Higher Order Statistics, and four sessions on Signal Processing for Communications. The workshop received the highest number of paper submissions compared to previous workshops in the same area, and the technical committee carefully selected high quality papers for presentations. The 2000 IEEE-SSAP Workshop was a tremendous success in all aspects.
Predictive analytics: Assessing failure rate accuracy &amp; failure mode completeness (2013)

This paper introduces a benchmarking technique we call predictive analytics (PA). The benchmark for the constant failure rate (λ) of a specific failure mode of an element (e.g., pressure transmitter, microprocessor, valve, etc.) used to implement a safety instrumented function (SIF) is predicted using the failure modes, effects and diagnostic analysis (FMEDA) technique supported by a database of constant failure rates and failure mode distributions for the components which comprise the element. This benchmark represents the λ of that failure mode inherent in the element during its useful life. The λ for the same failure mode of the element is estimated from field failure data (FFD) and compared to the benchmark. It is not uncommon for the benchmark λ and estimated λ to differ considerably. PA provides a procedure for exploring explanations of these differences and assessing the accuracy of the estimated element λ with respect to the benchmark λ of the element. PA can often determine the source of that portion of the estimated λ value not inherent to the element but likely due to random failures of infant mortality, wear out, or initial failures, to systematic failures, or to application or site specific issues. This site specific element λ is the portion of the estimated λ the end user needs to address to improve operational reliability and safety. PA can also assess the quality of FFD and can facilitate the discovery of previously unknown element failure modes.
Periocular xanthogranuloma: A forgotten entity? (2010)

Periocular xanthogranulomatous diseases are a rare group of disorders which are characterized by a predilection to affect the orbit and ocular adnexa and special histopathological features, in particular infiltrates comprising non-Langerhans-derived foamy histiocytes and Touton giant cells. The differential diagnosis is difficult and occasionally definite diagnosis cannot be established even after clinical and histopathological findings are taken together. We describe a case of a middle-aged man who presented with a 10-year history of voluminous eyelid swelling with concomitant late-onset atopic manifestations, namely bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis with nasal polyps. After thorough clinical and laboratory investigation, including a biopsy of the eyelid, we classified the patient's disease to a rare entity that has been relatively recently described: periocular xanthogranuloma associated with adult-onset asthma. In a review of the literature, no prospective trials concerning the treatment of this disease were found. The literature mainly contained case reports and case series in which corticosteroids and chemotherapy with alkylating agents have been reported to be beneficial. We treated our patient with a combination of oral corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide pulses and we observed substantial regression of the eyelid masses together with a normalization of systemic immunologic abnormalities.
A joint detection based on the DS evidence theory for multi-user superposition modulation (2014)

In this paper we propose a joint dempster-shafer (DS) detection for superposition modulation (SPM) in a non-orthogonal multiple access channel with multiple antenna configuration. Signals from different users are modulated with user-specific modulation factors and then multiplexed for transmission. At the receiver, the DS joint detection recovers all users' information simultaneously based on the DS evidence theory and the combination rules. The proposed scheme avoids the error propagation associated with the successive interference cancellation (SIC). Simulation results show that the proposed joint DS detection outperforms the conventional minimum mean square error (MMSE) and MMSE-SIC for arbitrarily chosen modulation parameters in almost all the SNR region.
Human mononuclear phagocyte inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS): analysis of iNOS mRNA, iNOS protein, biopterin, and nitric oxide production by blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages (1995)

Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by numerous different cell types, and it is an important regulator and mediator of many processes including smooth muscle relaxation, neurotransmission, and murine macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity for microbes and tumor cells. Although murine macrophages produce NO readily after activation, human monocytes and tissue macrophages have been reported to produce only low levels of NO in vitro. The purpose of this study was to determine if stimulated human mononuclear phagocytes produce inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA, protein, and enzymatic activity. By reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, we show that human monocytes can be induced to express iNOS mRNA after treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). By immunofluorescence and immunoblot analyses, we show monocytes and peritoneal macrophages contain detectable levels of iNOS antigen after stimulations with cytokines in vitro. Control monocytes or those cultured with LPS and/or various cytokines have low levels of NOS functional activity as measured by the ability of cell extracts to convert L-arginine to L-citrulline, and they produce low levels of the NO catabolites nitrite and nitrate. Peritoneal macrophages have significantly enhanced nitrite/nitrate production and NOS activity after treatment with LPS and/or IFN-gamma, whereas monocyte nitrite/nitrate production and NOS activity are not altered by the treatments. Monocytes cultured with various live or heat-killed bacteria, fungi, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 do not produce high levels of nitrite/nitrate. Antibodies against transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), a factor known to inhibit iNOS expression and NO production in mouse macrophages, do not enhance NO production in human monocytes or macrophages. Biopterin, an obligate cofactor of iNOS enzymatic activity, is undetectable in freshly isolated or cultured human monocytes and peritoneal macrophages. However, replenishment of intracellular levels of tetrahydrobiopterin by culture with the cell-permeable, nontoxic precursor sepiapterin does not enhance the abilities of the human mononuclear phagocytes to produce NO in vitro. Mixing experiments show no evidence of a functional NOS inhibitor in human mononuclear phagocytes. Thus, we demonstrate that human mononuclear phagocytes can produce iNOS mRNA and protein, and (despite this) their abilities to generate NO are very low.
Picosecond optical pulse generation from self-pulsating bisectional GaN-based blue-violet laser diodes (2009)

Self-pulsations of 407 nm emitting GaN-based blue-violet laser diodes with bisectional (BS) electrodes were demonstrated by applying a reverse bias (VSA) to the subelectrode of the saturable absorber (SA) section. By increasing the injected current to the main electrode of the gain section with a reverse bias of VSA=−12 V, the optical pulses shortened to 30 ps. The optical peak output power was as high as 2.4 W with a pulse width of 30 ps and a repetition frequency of 0.9 GHz. This is so far the shortest pulse width from a self-pulsating BS GaN-based laser diode achieved by applying a reverse bias to the SA section.