gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computer Architecture in the Many-Core Era (2006)

We are rapidly moving into an era when microprocessors (and SoCs) will have 10s of processors on a single die. In this era, we are less concerned with the architecture of individual processors and more concerned with how they are tied together. In particular we are concerned with how on-chip memory is organized to optimize use of the limited off-chip bandwidth and how long off-chip latency is hidden from computation. This talk will discuss the challenges of many-core architecture and how the memory organization and management techniques of stream processing can be applied to solve them.
Theory of light-induced deformations in azobenzene polymers: structure-property relationship (2009)

We propose a microscopic theory of light-induced deformation of side-chain azobenzene polymers using a statistical model which takes the chemical architecture of azobenzene macromolecules explicitly into account. The theory provides the values of the light-induced stress larger than the yield stress. This result explains a possibility for the inscription of surface relief gratings in glassy side-chain azobenzene polymers. We show that the photo-elastic behavior of azobenzene polymers is very sensitive to their chemical structure. Depending on the chemical structure, a sample can be either stretched or uniaxially compressed along the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light. For some chemical structures, elongation of a sample demonstrates non-monotonic behavior with the light intensity and can even change its sign (a stretched sample starts to be uniaxially compressed). These results are in agreement with experiments and recent computer simulations.
A review on perception-driven obstacle-aided locomotion for snake robots (2016)

Biological snakes can gracefully traverse a wide range of different and complex environments. Snake robots that can mimic this behaviour could be fitted with sensors and also transport tools to hazardous or confined areas that other robots and humans are unable to access. To carry out such tasks, snake robots must have a high degree of awareness of their surroundings (i.e. perception-driven locomotion) and be capable of efficient obstacle exploitation (i.e. obstacle-aided locomotion) to gain propulsion. These aspects are important to realise the large variety of possible snake robot applications in real-life operations such as fire-fighting, industrial inspection, search-and-rescue and more. In this paper, an elaborate review and discussion of the state-of-the-art, challenges and possibilities of perception-driven obstacle-aided locomotion for snake robots is presented for the first time. Pertinent to snake robots, we focus on current strategies for obstacle avoidance, obstacle accommodation, and obstacle-aided locomotion. Moreover, we put obstacle-aided locomotion into the context of perception and mapping. To this end, we present an overview of relevant key technologies and methods within environment perception, mapping and representation that constitute important aspects of perception-driven obstacle-aided locomotion.
Light scattering of semitransparent media (2008)

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a highly scattering material and has been used as diffuse reflectors. In the present study, the ranges of the scattering coefficient, absorption coefficient, and the asymmetric parameter of the Henyey-Greenstein scattering phase function are assessed for semitransparent PTFE films whose thicknesses range from 0.11 mm to 10 mm. The bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) and bidirectional transmittance distribution function (BTDF) of these PTFE films were measured using a laser scatterometer at a wavelength of 635 nm, and the directional-hemispherical reflectance and transmittance were obtained by integrating BRDF and BTDF at normal incidence. The scattering coefficient of PTFE is estimated to exceed 1200 (1/cm). On the other hand, the absorption coefficient should be less than 0.01 (1/cm). A Monte Carlo simulation was employed to predict the BRDF and BTDF of PTFE films, and the calculations were compared with measurements at various incidence angles.
Management of Cattle Distribution (1989)

This material was digitized as part of a cooperative project between the Society for Range Management, the National Agricultural Library, and the University of Arizona Libraries.
Bisphosphonate ISS Flight Experiment (2014)

There were responders and non-responders to liraglutide therapy in Japanese BOT failures. It is likely that baseline insulin dosage and post-breakfast glycemia with BOT are clinically useful indicators for the efficacy of liraglutide therapy.
No more blue skies?: Dark clouds threaten Canada's scientists and academic researchers (2013)

In 1869, the famed Irish physicist John Tyndall posed a basic but surprisingly elusive scientific question: why is the sky blue? In searching for an explanation, Tyndall discovered that light is scattered in the atmosphere by dust and large air molecules in a way that causes the eye to see the colour blue. His discovery of these properties of light eventually led to the later development of a number of important but wholly unanticipated innovations, including lasers and fibre optics.
Waveguide propagation of ambient sound in the ocean-surface bubble layer (1989)

Measurements of the ambient sound generated by breaking waves over the range 40–20 000 Hz reveal well-defined spectral peaks, the frequency of which may remain generally consistent from one breaking event to the next, but which can change significantly over the course of a storm, or from one storm to another. A theory is proposed, based on the concept of trapping of a portion of the sound in the waveguide formed by the ocean-surface bubble layer. Simultaneous measurements of the bubble population and size distribution as a function of depth and time were obtained with a multifrequency inverted echo sounder, allowing calculation of the resulting (dispersive) sound-speed anomaly profile. Theoretical predictions of the spectral peaks, which are associated with modal cutoff frequencies, are in good agreement with the observations. It is suggested that this result might have application to the remote determination of ocean-surface bubble fields relevant to the study of wave breaking, turbulence, and the air–sea gas flux.
Rowe, David (2014)

David Christian Rowe (1949–2003) contributed seminal work across multiple behavioral science disciplines. His important research includes studies demonstrating genetic influences on temperament and forms of parenting, especially dimensions of warmth and affection. He directly contributed to criminology by publishing the first twin study demonstrating the heritability of adolescent self‐reported delinquent behavior, and, along with Wayne Osgood, demonstrating how genetic influences can contribute to social processes, such as affiliation with delinquent peers. He is best known among some social scientists for his book The limits of family influence (1994), which challenged core premises of environmentally focused social science.
A Burkholderia thailandensis Acyl-Homoserine Lactone-Independent Orphan LuxR Homolog That Activates Production of the Cytotoxin Malleilactone (2015)

LuxR proteins are transcription factors that are typically activated by acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) signals. We demonstrate that a conserved LuxR family protein, MalR, activates genes independently of AHLs. MalR is required for transcription of genes coding for synthesis of the cytotoxic polyketide malleilactone. These genes are not expressed when cells are grown under normal laboratory conditions. In laboratory culture, MalR induction of malleilactone requires certain antibiotics, such as trimethoprim, which increase malR expression by an unknown mechanism. At sufficient levels of malR expression, MalR functions independently of any external signal. Our findings show that MalR is an activator of the silent malleilactone biosynthesis genes and that MalR functions independently of AHLs.
Smart plugs: A low cost solution for programmable control of domestic loads (2014)

Balancing energy demand and production is becoming a more and more challenging task for energy utilities. This is due to a number of different reasons among which the larger penetration of renewable energies which are more difficult to predict and the meagre availability of financial resources to upgrade the existing power grid. While the traditional solution is to dynamically adapt energy production to follow the time-varying demand, a new trend is to drive the demand itself by means of Direct Load Control (DLC). In this paper we consider a scenario where DLC functionalities are deployed at a large set of small deferrable energy loads, like appliances of residential users. The required additional intelligence and communication capabilities may be introduced through smart plugs, without the need to replace older “dumb” appliances. Smart plugs are inserted between the appliances plugs and the power sockets and directly connected to the Internet. An open software architecture allows to abstract the hardware sensors and actuators integrated in the plug and to easily program different load control applications.
GPU-based real-time implementation of 3D+T image reconstruction with application to cerebral angiography (2011)

Time sequences of 3D images of cerebral and other vasculature blood flow during surgery and other medical procedures allow enhanced visual feedback. The visual feedback constitutes an enhancement over the existing 2D time series of X-ray projections as it facilitates the detection and observation of pathological abnormalities such as stenoses, aneurysms, and blood clots. An algorithm that outputs 3D+T sequences by fusing a single static 3D model of the vasculature with two time sequences of 2D projections was presented. Practical clinical use demands that the reconstruction be completed within a 5 minute time frame. When compared to CPU implementations, past GPU-based CT (computational tomography) implementations typically achieved one order-of-magnitude speed improvement, still insufficient speed for this application. To obtain further needed GPU speedup, we exploit the sparse structure of blood vasculature in order to achieve a total of two orders-of-magnitude performance increase. Our GPU implementation generates a 3D+T time series reconstruction in 2 minutes, enabling real time clinical use and safer, shorter procedures. Included in our approach is an architecture-aware partitioning method that accelerates the solution to a wide class of variational problems.
PINACOL COUPLING OF AROMATIC ALDEHYDES AND KETONES USING MAGNESIUM IN AQUEOUS AMMONIUM CHLORIDE UNDER ULTRASOUND (2002)

ABSTRACT The pinacol coupling reaction of aromatic aldehydes and ketones was performed in 8–95% yield with magnesium in 0.1 M aqueous NH4Cl under ultrasound irradiation at r.t. for 3 h.
Deep-Layer Training of CNN for SAR with Two-Stage Data Augmentation (2023)

This study explores a novel two-stage data augmentation technique to expand the training capacity of the small synthetic SAMPLE dataset through the mechanism of deep layer training. Ultimately, the present investigation seeks to improve the classification performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) when trained on synthetic SAMPLE data and tested against measured SAR imagery. One possible explanation for the non-optimal performance of CNN in such scenarios is detectable high-level differences between synthetic and measured SAR imagery. When fine detail information is removed from synthetic datasets, the augmented data can train deep layers more readily. By also changing background texture, overfitting is reduced. Combined, these augmentations improve a CNN's effectiveness at classifying measured data. To achieve this two-stage augmentation, a combination of kernel operations, threshold-based segmentation, and alpha blending are used. Comparative evaluations using transfer learning and multi-resolution datasets are performed with the five-layer AConvNet CNN. Both test accuracy and training activity are evaluated to provide qualitative evidence of deep layer training. Improved accuracy in these experiments provides quantitative evidence that this two-stage data augmentation can effectively improve the training capacity of synthetic SAR imagery.
Determination of Acid Sites on Solid Catalysts by Ammonia Gas Adsorption (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Acid Sites on Solid Catalysts by Ammonia Gas AdsorptionR. T. Barth and E. V. BallouCite this: Anal. Chem. 1961, 33, 8, 1080–1084Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60176a008RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (527 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Constructive Technology Assessment (CTA) as a tool in Coverage with Evidence Development: The case of the 70-gene prognosis signature for breast cancer diagnostics (2009)

Differences in speed of implementation and influenced treatment decisions were seen. Impact on patients seems especially related to discordance and its successive communication. In the future, scenario drafting will lead to input for model-based cost-effectiveness analysis. Finally, CTA can be useful as a tool to guide CED by adding monitoring and anticipation on possible developments during early implementation, to the assessment of promising new technologies.
Adaptive String Dictionary Compression in In-Memory Column-Store Database Systems (2014)

Domain encoding is a common technique to compress the columns of a column store and to accelerate many types of queries at the same time. It is based on the assumption that most columns contain a relatively small set of distinct values, in particular string columns. In this paper, we argue that domain encoding is not the end of the story. In real world systems, we observe that a substantial amount of the columns are of string types. Moreover, most of the memory space is consumed by only a small fraction of these columns. To address this issue, we make three main contributions: First we survey several approaches and variants for dictionary compression, i. e., data structures that store the dictionary of domain encoding in a compressed way. As expected, there is a trade-off between size of the data structure and its access performance. This observation can be used to compress rarely accessed data more than frequently accessed data. Furthermore the question which approach has the best compression ratio for a certain column heavily depends on specific characteristics of its content. Consequently, as a second contribution, we present non-trivial sampling schemes for all our dictionary formats, enabling us to estimate their size for a given column. This way it is possible to identify compression schemes specialized for the content of a specific column. Third, we draft how to fully automate the decision of the dictionary format. We sketch a compression manager that selects the most appropriate dictionary format based on column access and update patterns, characteristics of the underlying data, and costs for set-up and access of the different data structures. We evaluate an off-line prototype of a compression manager using a variation of the TPC-H benchmark [15]. The compression manager can configure the database system to be anywhere in a large range of the space / time trade-off with a fine granularity, providing significantly better trade-offs than any fixed dictionary format.
Platelet dense granule membranes contain both granulophysin and P- selectin (GMP-140) (1992)

We recently reported the characterization of a platelet granule membrane protein of molecular weight (mol wt) 40,000 called granulophysin (Gerrard et al: Blood 77:101, 1991), identified by a monoclonal antibody (MoAb D545) raised to purified dense granule membranes. Using immunoelectron-microscopic techniques on frozen thin sections, this protein was localized in resting and thrombin-stimulated platelets. In resting platelets, labeled with antigranulophysin antibodies and immunogold probes, label was localized to the membranes of one or two clear granules per platelet thin section. D545 also labeled dense granules in permeabilized whole platelets and isolated dense granule preparations examined by whole-mount techniques. Expression of granulophysin on the platelet surface paralleled dense granule secretion as measured by 14C-serotonin release under conditions in which lysosomal granule release, as measured by beta-glucuronidase secretion, was less than 5%. After thrombin stimulation, both the surface-connected canalicular system and the plasma membrane were labeled, demonstrating redistribution of granulophysin associated with degranulation. Double labeling experiments with D545 and antibodies to the alpha-granule membrane protein, P-selectin, demonstrated labeling of both P-selectin and granulophysin on dense granule membranes. Distribution of both proteins on the plasma membrane after platelet stimulation was similar. The results demonstrate that granulophysin is localized to the dense granules of platelets and is redistributed to the plasma membrane after platelet activation.
Heterogenous electromediated depolymerization of highly crystalline polyoxymethylene (2023)

Post-consumer plastic waste in the environment has driven the scientific community to develop deconstruction methods that yield valued substances from these synthetic macromolecules. Electrocatalysis is a well-established method for achieving challenging transformations in small molecule synthesis. Here we present the first electro-chemical depolymerization of polyoxymethylene-a highly crystalline engineering thermoplastic (Delrin®)-into its repolymerizable monomer, formaldehyde/1,3,5-trioxane, under ambient conditions. We investigate this electrochemical deconstruction by employing solvent screening, cyclic voltammetry, divided cell studies, electrolysis with redox mediators, small molecule model studies, and control experiments. Our findings determine that the reaction proceeds via a heterogeneous electro-mediated acid depolymerization mechanism. The bifunctional role of the co-solvent 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) is also revealed. This study demonstrates the potential of electromediated depolymerization serving as an important role in sustainable chemistry by merging the concepts of renewable energy and circular plastic economy.
Synthesis and Characterization of Main Chain Degradable Poly(amide-imide)s with Acetal Unit (2003)

A series of main chain degradable poly(amide-imide)s 7 were prepared from acetal-containing diimide-dicarboxylic acid 5 with various aromatic diamine monomers 6 by the direct polycondensation in NMP using triphenyl phosphite/pyridine as condensing agents. The novel diimide-dicarboxylic acid 5 bearing 2-trifluoromethylphenyl substituted acetal unit was synthesized by the condensation reaction of amine compound 4 with trimellitic anhydride. All the polymers were obtained in quantitative yields with inherent viscosities of 0.41-0.53 dl g -1 . The structure of polymers was confirmed by IR, 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectroscopy The poly(amide-imide)s obtained were soluble in polar solvents such as NMP and DMAc. Most were cast into transparent and flexible films, which had tensile strengths ranging from 40 to 80 MPa, elongation-to-breakage from 2.8 to 6.6%, and initial moduli from 1.2 to 1.6 GPa. The glass transition temperatures of these polymers were in the range 208-232°C and showed 5% weight loss temperature ranging from 350 to 385°C under air or nitrogen atmosphere. Furthermore, the acid-catalyzed degradation behavior of poly(amide-imide)s 7 was also investigated.
DNA damage response and senescence in endothelial cells of human cerebral cortex and relation to Alzheimer's neuropathology progression: a population‐based study in the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (MRC‐CFAS) cohort (2014)

Damage to brain endothelial cells occurs early in relation to, or independently of, Alzheimer pathology, and parallels that in neurones and glia. Endothelial DNA damage and senescence are a brain ageing process that may contribute to dysfunction of the neurovascular unit in some elderly individuals.
A Stereodynamic Redox‐Interconversion Network of Vicinal Tertiary and Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters in Hydroquinone–Quinone Hybrid Dihydrobenzofurans (2018)

Reversible redox processes involving hydroquinones and quinones are ubiquitous in biological reaction networks, materials science, and catalysis. While extensively studied in intermolecular settings, less is known about intramolecular scenarios. Herein, we report hydroquinone-quinone hybrid molecules that form two-stereocenter dihydrobenzofurans via intramolecular cyclization under thermodynamic control. A π-methylhistidine peptide-catalyzed kinetic resolution allowed us to study the stereodynamic behavior of enantio- and diastereo-enriched dihydrofurans. In the course of this study, it was revealed that a reversible intramolecular redox-interconversion network connects all four possible stereoisomers via inversion of a quaternary carbon stereocenter without achiral intermediates. As a result, these findings on hydroquinone-quinone hybrid molecules provide insights into potential natural origin and synthetic access of the common dihydrobenzofuran motif.
Message from Program Chair (2020)

Presents the introductory welcome message from the conference proceedings. May include the conference officers' congratulations to all involved with the conference event and publication of the proceedings record.
Total hydrocarbon emission testing of waste-water sludge incinerators. Volume 2. Appendices. Final report, 1991-92 (1992)

The problem of disposing of primary and secondary sludge from municipal wastewater treatment facilities is one of growing concern. Municipal wastewater sludges contain toxic compounds such as heavy metals and various organic species. Viable sludge disposal options include methods of land disposal and incineration. Emission limits for total hydrocarbons have been proposed as a way to limit organic compound emissions from sludge incinerators. Continuous emission monitors have been proposed to measure total hydrocarbon emissions. The Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory and the Office of Water sponsored the program to evaluate the long term performance of such monitors at two wastewater sludge incinerators. The following document presents the results of that research program.
Surface treatment of electrodes by intense flows of charged particles as the method for improvement of vacuum insulation (2003)

The paper presents the results of investigations of effect of surface treatment of electrodes with pulsed intensive electron and ion flows on electrical strength of vacuum insulation. Such a treatment has been shown to allow one to decrease the prebreakdown currents and to increase the breakdown electric fields. The mechanisms of this effect are analyzed in the paper.