gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vitro and In Situ Characterization of the Intestinal Absorption of Capilliposide B and Capilliposide C from Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl (2019)

The goal of this investigation was to determine the processes and mechanism of intestinal absorption for capilliposide B (CAPB) and capilliposide C (CAPC) from the Chinese herb, <i>Lysimachia capillipes</i> Hemsl. An analysis of basic parameters, such as drug concentrations, time, and behavior in different intestinal segments was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The susceptibility of CAPB and CAPC to various inhibitors such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor (verapamil); multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) inhibitor (indomethacin); cytochrome P450 protein 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitor (ketoconazole); and the co-inhibitor of P-gp, MRP2 and CYP3A4 (cyclosporine A) were assessed using both caco-2 cell monolayer and single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) models. As a result, CAPB and CAPC are both poorly absorbed in the intestines and exhibited segment-dependent permeability. The intestinal permeability of CAPB and CAPC were significantly increased by the co-treatment of verapamil, indomethacin. In addition, the intestinal permeability of CAPB was also enhanced by ketoconazole and cyclosporine A. It can be concluded that the intestinal absorption mechanisms of CAPB and CAPC involve processes such as facilitated passive diffusion, efflux transporters, and enzyme-mediated metabolism. Both CAPB and CAPC are suggested to be substrates of P-gp and MRP2. However, CAPB may interact with the CYP3A4 system.
Challenges facing the development and use of protein chips to analyze the phosphoproteome (2005)

Recent advances in analytical methods, particularly in the area of protein microarrays, have brought the field of proteomics to the forefront of biological science. Protein arrays have shown to be useful for the multiplexed analysis of several hundreds of proteins in parallel. While much of the effort has focused on developing methods to identify expressed proteins, the identification of post-translational modifications is equally important for comprehensive proteome characterization. Protein phosphorylation constitutes a major type of post-translational modification that mobilizes a high number of genes, is involved in many crucial cell functions and largely contributes to the complexity of the proteome. One of the major challenges to analyze phosphoproteins using arrays is the availability of specific antibodies. Thus far, this has hampered the development of highly complex phosphoprotein arrays. This review discusses some of the recent progress made in the development of techniques and reagents to quantitatively determine sites of protein phosphorylation.
Integrated 3-Dimensional Expansion and Osteogenic Differentiation of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells (2007)

Embryonic stem cell (ESC) culture is fragmented and laborious and involves operator decisions. Most protocols consist of 3 individual steps: maintenance, embryoid body (EB) formation, and differentiation. Integration will assist automation, ultimately aiding scale-up to clinically relevant numbers. These problems were addressed by encapsulating undifferentiated murine ESCs (mESCs) in 1.1% (w/v) low-viscosity alginic acid, 0.1% (v/v) porcine gelatin hydrogel beads (d = 2.3 mm). Six hundred beads containing 10,000 mESCs per bead were cultured in a 50-mL high-aspect-ratio vessel bioreactor. Bioreactor cultures were rotated at 17.5 revolutions per min, cultured in maintenance medium containing leukemia inhibitory factor for 3 days, replaced with EB formation medium for 5 days followed by osteogenic medium containing L-ascorbate-2-phosphate (50 microg/mL), beta-glycerophosphate (10 mM), and dexamethasone (1 microM) for an additional 21 days. After 29 days, 84 times as many cells per bead were observed and mineralized matrix was formed within the alginate beads. Osteogenesis was confirmed using von Kossa, Alizarin Red S staining, alkaline phosphatase activity, immunocytochemistry for osteocalcin, OB-cadherin, collagen type I, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, microcomputed tomography (micro-computed tomography) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging. This simplified, integrated, and potentially scaleable methodology could enable the production of 3-demensional mineralized tissue from ESCs for potential clinical applications.
Role of Molecular Recognition in l-Cystine Crystal Growth Inhibition (2017)

l-Cystine kidney stones-aggregates of single crystals of the hexagonal form of l-cystine-afflict more than 20 000 individuals in the United States alone. Current therapies are often ineffective and produce adverse side effects. Recognizing that the growth of l-cystine crystals is a critical step in stone pathogenesis, real-time in situ atomic force microscopy of growth on the (0001) face of l-cystine crystals and measurements of crystal growth anisotropy were performed in the presence of prospective inhibitors drawn from a 31-member library. The most effective molecular imposters for crystal growth inhibition were l-cystine mimics (aka molecular imposters), particularly l-cystine diesters and diamides, for which a kinetic analysis revealed a common inhibition mechanism consistent with Cabrera-Vermilyea step pinning. The amount of inhibitor incorporated by l-cystine crystals, estimated from kinetic data, suggests that imposter binding to the {0001} face is less probable than binding of l-cystine solute molecules, whereas imposter binding to {101̅0} faces is comparable to that of l-cystine molecules. These estimates were corroborated by computational binding energies. Collectively, these findings identify the key structural factors responsible for molecular recognition between molecular imposters and l-cystine crystal kink sites, and the inhibition of crystal growth. The observations are consistent with the reduction of l-cystine stone burden in mouse models by the more effective inhibitors, thereby articulating a strategy for stone prevention based on molecular design.
Downlink SINR: Advanced Results (2018)

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Robust Resource Allocation for Cooperative MISO-NOMA-Based Heterogeneous Networks (2021)

In this paper, we consider a cooperative multiple-input single-output (MISO) heterogeneous communication network based on the power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA). We aim to investigate a resource allocation problem regarding the uncertainty of the channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) and the imperfect SIC case. Since there is an essential need for low-complexity algorithms with reasonably good performance for the extremely complex access architectures, we propose two novel methods based on matching game with externalities and successive convex approximation (SCA) to realize the hybrid scheme where the number of the cooperative nodes is variable. Moreover, we propose a new matching utility function to manage the interference caused by cooperative networks and PD-NOMA. We also devise two robust beamforming techniques to cope with the channel uncertainty based on the worst-case and stochastic-case scenarios. Simulation results evaluate the performance and the sensibility of the proposed methods and demonstrate that although the performance of the proposed distributed matching algorithm is slightly inferior to that of the SCA type, the complexity of the matching theory approach is substantially lower than that of the latter one.
Microwave Synthesize Karaya Gum-Cu, Ni Nanoparticles Based Bionanocomposite as an Adsorbent for Malachite Green Dye: Kinetics and Thermodynamics (2022)

A novel approach was used to synthesize karaya gum-Cu, Ni nanoparticles based bionanocomposite by microwave irradiation method. Synthesized bionanocomposite was characterized by different techniques like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX). The optimized condition for Karaya Gum-Cu-Ni–Bionanocomposite synthesis was the amount of solvent 4 ml, pH 10, time 20 s, power 100 W, monomer, and cross-linker concentration 14.11 mol L -1 and 0.1135 mol L -1 , respectively. The maximum % swelling was found to be 1,176%. Different reaction parameters were optimized to get the maximum adsorption of malachite green dye. The maximum dye adsorption was found to be 94.1%. Different models for kinetics and isotherms were applied to analyze the adsorption data. Malachite green sorption onto bionanocomposite is best defined by pseudo second order kinetics, signifying that the dye uptake by the nanocomposite was organized by chemisorption method involving sharing of electrons in-between the cationic part of the dye as well as the anionic part of the bionanocomposite. Correlation coefficient ( R 2 ) was close to unity (0.99569). The R 2 values of nanocomposite best fit in the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The study confirmed the synthesized bionanocomposite was an efficient adsorbent for the adsorption of the harmful malachite green dye.
Modeling the Complete Planetary Subsurface Radio Remote Sensing Problem (2001)

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) methods are in the forefront of the search for subsurface water on Mars largely because of their platform versatility. In theory these instruments can operate from orbit, on the ground, and any altitude in between. Recent review papers and white papers make the strong case for using GPR methods in subsurface water exploration. But important questions have been raised recently about effect of unknown parameters on the ability to successfully obtain planetary GPR measurements. The almost completely unknown lower ionosphere on Mars may cause serious signal absorption problems for GPR instruments on orbiting platforms, and lossy upper layers of the ground may reduce the returned signal for any platform. What is clearly needed is a minimum approximations, full-wave model of the complete GPR problem, including ionospheric dispersion and absorption, surface transmission, and subsurface scattering. We are developing such a model that is as general purpose as possible, allowing arbitrary ionospheric parameters, surface roughness, and subsurface inhomogeneities. We present some of the details of this model, and highlight some of its capabilities with numerical examples. Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.
Molecular analysis of the ERGIC-53 gene in 35 families with combined factor V-factor VIII deficiency. (1999)

Combined factor V-factor VIII deficiency (F5F8D) is a rare, autosomal recessive coagulation disorder in which the levels of both coagulation factors V and VIII are diminished. The F5F8D locus was previously mapped to a 1-cM interval on chromosome 18q21. Mutations in a candidate gene in this region, ERGIC-53, were recently found to be associated with the coagulation defect in nine Jewish families. We performed single-strand conformation and sequence analysis of the ERGIC-53 gene in 35 F5F8D families of different ethnic origins. We identified 13 distinct mutations accounting for 52 of 70 mutant alleles. These were 3 splice site mutations, 6 insertions and deletions resulting in translational frameshifts, 3 nonsense codons, and elimination of the translation initiation codon. These mutations are predicted to result in synthesis of either a truncated protein product or no protein at all. This study revealed that F5F8D shows extensive allelic heterogeneity and all ERGIC-53 mutations resulting in F5F8D are "null." Approximately 26% of the mutations have not been identified, suggesting that lesions in regulatory elements or severe abnormalities within the introns may be responsible for the disease in these individuals. In two such families, ERGIC-53 protein was detectable at normal levels in patients' lymphocytes, raising the further possibility of defects at other genetic loci.
V-WAFA: An Endurance Variation Aware Fine-Grained Allocator for Persistent Memory (2022)

Benefiting from numerous attractive characteristics, persistent memory (PM) has become a promising substitute for DRAM. Unfortunately, PM suffers from limited endurance of memory cells, especially with the unbalanced wears induced by applications. Even though several wear-leveling aware allocators have been proposed to prolong the lifespan of PM, they fail to perceive the endurance variation among memory cells, which may severely damage the weak cells. In this paper, we propose V-WAFA, a fine-grained PM allocator that considers endurance variation to improve the lifespan of PM. First, V-WAFA adopts a priority-based wear-leveling strategy to mitigate the side-effect of endurance variation among pages. Second, V-WAFA utilizes fine-grained space management and allocation strategy inside pages. Briefly, V-WAFA divides pages into basic units and allocates the basic units of a page in a rotational manner to evenly distribute fine-grained updates on memory cells. We implement V-WAFA in Linux 4.4.4 and evaluate it by running standard workloads on Redis, a typical in-memory key-value store. Evaluation results show that the wear-leveling effect of V-WAFA exceeds that of malloc, nvm_malloc, WAlloc, NVMalloc, and WAFA for 7.02×, 6.91×, 5.7×, 5.68×, and 3.78×, respectively. V-WAFA also achieves similar performance with state-of-the-art PM allocators on Redis running YCSB workloads.
PRE-TRANSPLANT BK-VIRUS INFECTION IN DIALYZED RENAL TRANSPLANT CANDIDATES (2010)

Tinti, F.1; Mitterhofer, A. P.2; Pietropaolo, V.3; Barile, M.1; Fioriti, D.3; Mischitelli, M.3; Limonta, A.4; Meçule, A.5; Ferretti, G.6; Poli, L.6; Chiarini, F.3; Berloco, P.6; Taliani, G.4 Author Information
Anisotropy-Driven High Thermal Conductivity in Stretchable Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanohybrid Films (2018)

Controlling the anisotropy of two-dimensional materials with orientation-dependent heat transfer characteristics is a possible solution to resolve severe thermal issues in future electronic devices. We demonstrate a dramatic enhancement in the in-plane thermal conductivity of stretchable poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanohybrid films containing small amounts (below 10 wt %) of hexagonal boron nitride ( h-BN) nanoplatelets. The h-BN nanoplatelets were homogeneously dispersed in the PVA polymer solution by ultrasonication without additional surface modification. The mixture was used to prepare thermally conductive nanocomposite films. The in-plane thermal conductivity of the resulting PVA/ h-BN nanocomposite films increased to 6.4 W/mK when the strain was increased from 0 to 100% in the horizontal direction. More specifically, the thermal conductivity of a PVA/ h-BN composite film with 10 wt % filler loading can be improved by up to 32 times as compared to pristine PVA. This outstanding thermal conductivity value is significantly larger than that of materials currently used in in-plane thermal management systems. This result is attributed to the anisotropic alignment of h-BN particles in the PVA chain matrix during stretching, enhancing phonon conductive paths and hence improving the thermal conductivity and thermal properties of PVA/ h-BN nanocomposite films. These polymer nanocomposites have low cost as the amount of expensive conductive fillers is reduced and can be potentially used as high-performance materials for thermal management systems such as heat sink and thermal interface materials, for future electronic and electrical devices.
Camera Simulation For Perseverance Rover's Lander Vision System (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-0746.vid On February 18, 2021, the Perseverance Rover safely landed on Mars at Jezero Crater. Part of the successful landing was due to the Lander Vision System (LVS), which takes descent images from the LVS Camera (LCAM) and IMU measurements and estimates the lander position relative to a map of the Jezero landing site. The LVS Simulation LCAM (LVSS LCAM) model is an image rendering program developed to test the LVS in a variety of scenarios to ensure performance amid uncertainty. The LVSS LCAM model includes a pointing misalignment model, an exposure timing model, shadowing, a terrain reflectance model, atmospheric attenuation from dust, and sensor effects. This model was used for performance analysis, verification, and validation of the LVS algorithms in a Mars-like simulation prior to landing. This paper describes the LVSS LCAM rendering algorithm and compares flight images from LVS operation during the Perseverance landing with their rendered counterparts.
Design and operations of Hall thruster with segmented electrodes (1999)

Principles of the Hall thruster with segmented electrodes are explored. A suitable vacuum facility was put into service. For purposes of comparison between segmented and conventional thruster approaches, a modular laboratory prototype thruster was designed and built. Under conventional operation, the thruster achieves state-of-the-art efficiencies (56% at 300 V and 890 W). Very preliminary results under operation with segmented electrodes are also described.
Supplementary Table S6 from MAP9 Loss Triggers Chromosomal Instability, Initiates Colorectal Tumorigenesis, and Is Associated with Poor Survival of Patients with Colorectal Cancer (2023)

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Synthesis and SAR of the antistaphylococcal natural product nematophin from Xenorhabdus nematophila (2019)

The repeated and improper use of antibiotics had led to an increased number of multiresistant bacteria. Therefore, new lead structures are needed. Here, the synthesis and an expanded structure-activity relationship of the simple and antistaphylococcal amide nematophin from <i>Xenorhabdus nematophila</i> and synthetic derivatives are described. Moreover, the synthesis of intrinsic fluorescent derivatives, incorporating azaindole moieties was achieved for the first time.
Special issue for the 36th Italian Conference on Computational Logic (CILC 2021) (2023)

Journal Article Special issue for the 36th Italian Conference on Computational Logic (CILC 2021) Get access Federico Bergenti, Federico Bergenti Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 53/A, 43124 Parma, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Stefania Monica Stefania Monica Dipartimento di Scienze e Metodi dell’Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Logic and Computation, Volume 33, Issue 4, June 2023, Pages 709–711, https://doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exad008 Published: 25 March 2023 Article history Accepted: 16 February 2023 Published: 25 March 2023
A Mutant of Arabidopsis with Increased Levels of Stearic Acid (1994)

A mutation at the fab2 locus of Arabidopsis caused increased levels of stearate in leaves. The increase in leaf stearate in fab2 varied developmentally, and the largest increase occurred in young leaves, where stearate accounted for almost 20% of total leaf fatty acids. The fatty acid composition of leaf lipids isolated from the fab2 mutant showed increased stearate in all the major glycerolipids of both the chloroplast and extrachloroplast membranes. Although the stearate content was increased, the fab2 mutant still contained abundant amounts of 18:1, 18:2, and 18:3 fatty acids. These results are consistent with the expectations for a mutation partially affecting the action of the stromal stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase. Positional analysis indicated that the extra 18:0 is excluded with high specificity from the sn-2 position of both chloroplast and extrachloroplast glycerolipids. Although stearate content was increased in all the major leaf membrane lipids, the amount of increase varied considerably among the different lipids, from a high of 25% of fatty acids in phosphatidylcholine to a low of 2.9% of fatty acids in monogalactosyldiacylglycerol.
The Economic Progress of European and East Asian Americans (1988)

This paper reviews the recent literature on the determinants of socioeconomic success among immigrants from Europe and East Asia. The survey focuses on the larger, better studied groups and gives particular attention to historically based investigations of their progress. The concluding section emphasizes the need for additional descriptive and explanatory research on the labor market outcomes of ethnic Americans since the Second World War.
Excimer laser processing of novel materials for optoelectronic and spintronic applications (2007)

The interaction of the highly energetic pulsed excimer laser beam with a target material induces non-equilibrium physico-chemical processes which could be harnessed to synthesize a variety of novel and technologically attractive materials that are difficult to grow using more conventional thin film deposition techniques. In this paper, recent advances on two excimer laser based techniques that we have used in the processing of thin films and surfaces will be presented. First, we demonstrate the synthesis, by Pulsed Laser Melting (PLM), of silicon supersaturated with sulfur at concentrations several orders of magnitude greater than the solubility limit of silicon alloys, with strong sub-bandgap optical absorption. This material has potential applications in the fabrication of Si-based opto-electronic devices. Second, the capability of Remote Plasma Pulsed Laser Deposition (RP-PLD) in synthesizing the meta-stable half-metallic CrO<sub>2</sub> compound that is of great interest in the field of spintronics was assessed. Infra-Red spectroscopy and Magnetic Force Microscopy indicate that the use of the remote plasma is beneficial to the formation of the CrO<sub>2</sub> phase, at a deposition pressure of 30 mTorr and for deposition temperature below 350 °C. Atomic Force Microscopy and Magnetic Force Microscopy studies respectively show that films containing the CrO<sub>2</sub> phase have significantly different surface topography and magnetic characteristics from those in which the Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phase is dominant.
Assessment Of The Effects Of Intermittent Mixing On Solid-State Fermentation For Biomass-Degrading Enzymes Production By Different Fungal Strains (2015)

The use of solid-state fermentation (SSF) for the production of industrial enzymes has received increasing attention over the years. However, the implementation of large-scale SSF processes requires an understanding of the effects of mixing on microorganism growth and product formation. This paper describes a systematic comparison of the effects of intermittent mixing on SSF, in terms of the production of biomass-degrading enzymes (endoglucanase, β-glucosidase, and xylanase) by different fungal strains (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, and Trichoderma reesei). It was found that when A. niger was cultivated using wheat bran as the sole substrate, mixing had a negative effect on the production of enzymes. However, this effect was minimized when the cultivation was carried out using a combination of wheat bran and sugarcane bagasse (3:1 on a dry mass basis) as substrate. In addition, use of the combined substrate enabled improvement of the overall enzymatic production by A. niger. Considering all the fungi tested, the enzyme most negatively affected by mixing was -glucosidase. It is therefore important that special attention be given to -glucosidase during bioprocess development for biomass-degrading enzymes production under SSF in large-scale bioreactors. These findings can contribute to selection of the most appropriate cultivation conditions for implementation of large-scale SSF processes.