gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NADH Oxidase Activity of Human Xanthine Oxidoreductase (1997)

Human xanthine oxidase was purified from breast milk. The dehydrogenase form of the enzyme, which predominates in most mammalian tissues, catalyses the oxidation of NADH by oxygen, generating superoxide anion significantly faster than does the oxidase form. The corresponding forms of bovine enzyme behave very similarly. The steady-state kinetics of NADH oxidation and superoxide production, including inhibition by NAD, by the dehydrogenase forms of both enzymes, are analysed in terms of a model involving two-stage recycling of oxidised enzyme. Established inhibitors of xanthine oxidoreductases (allopurinol oxypurinol, amflutizole and BOF 4272), which block all other reducing substrates, were ineffective in the case of NADH. Diphenyleneiodonium, on the other hand, was a powerful inhibitor of NADH oxidation. The potential involvement of reactive oxygen species arising from NADH oxidation by xanthine oxidoreductase in ischaemia-reperfusion injury and other disease states, as well as in normal signal transduction, is discusssed.
Phenyl Group Rotation in Polystyrene (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhenyl Group Rotation in PolystyreneAlan E. TonelliCite this: Macromolecules 1973, 6, 5, 682–683Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60035a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60035a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views297Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cable (Cbl) Type II Pili of Cystic Fibrosis-Associated Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia: Nucleotide Sequence of the cblA Major Subunit Pilin Gene and Novel Morphology of the Assembled Appendage Fibers (1995)

Addendum in Proof, line 2: ''. . .pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of ribotype-identical B. cepacia isolates . . .''should read ''. . .pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-and ribotype-identical B. cepacia isolates . . .
Our Ignorance about Intelligence (2006)

In a short introduction, I shall not even attempt to hint at my views on this cluster of issues, which are on most issues very much a work-in-progress. As a committed defender of limited government in the classical liberal tradition, there are many areas of human life in which I would like to keep the government at bay. I see little or no reason for state regulation of employment contracts for example, and I cautiously accept only limited forms of land planning. But neither of those strategies works here, for try as one might, intelligence is a legitimate government function—assuming that we have any government at all. At this point, I have no particular point of privilege over the rest of the pack in promoting small government solutions. Like everyone else I have to work through a field that is beset with serious questions: What is the scope of its basic mission? What is the appropriate institutional design to carry that mission out? And, what is the best way to integrate the work of the intelligence system with that of the criminal justice system in ways that have a fair shot at preserving liberty while promoting security? It is an open question whether anyone shall be able to propose any long-term solution that will command universal consent on a matter so fraught with difficulty. But now that we are in our season of open discontent, we must take the risk of public discourse on these knotty problems of statecraft. No longer can we take the posture of that great philosophical muse, David Hume, who concluded after deep reflection that “carelessness and inattention” afford the only solutions to the most tenacious problems of the day. Today, the stakes are too high for ignorance to be our institutional response to matters of intelligence.
Hand gesture recognition of a mobile device user (2002)

Experiments with acceleration sensors is described for static and dynamic gesture recognition of a mobile device user. Static gestures are recognized with the self-organizing mapping scheme of Kohonen while a hidden Markov model is used for recognizing dynamic gestures. An experimental sensor box for the research of context-awareness is also explained. Experimental results show great promise of the chosen technologies for recognizing gestures of a user of a mobile device.
A deep action-oriented video image classification system for text detection and recognition (2021)

Abstract For the video images with complex actions, achieving accurate text detection and recognition results is very challenging. This paper presents a hybrid model for classification of action-oriented video images which reduces the complexity of the problem to improve text detection and recognition performance. Here, we consider the following five categories of genres, namely concert, cooking, craft, teleshopping and yoga. For classifying action-oriented video images, we explore ResNet50 for learning the general pixel-distribution level information and the VGG16 network is implemented for learning the features of Maximally Stable Extremal Regions and again another VGG16 is used for learning facial components obtained by a multitask cascaded convolutional network. The approach integrates the outputs of the three above-mentioned models using a fully connected neural network for classification of five action-oriented image classes. We demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed method by testing on our dataset and two other standard datasets, namely, Scene Text Dataset dataset which contains 10 classes of scene images with text information, and the Stanford 40 Actions dataset which contains 40 action classes without text information. Our method outperforms the related existing work and enhances the class-specific performance of text detection and recognition, significantly. Article highlights The method uses pixel, stable-region and face-component information in a noble way for solving complex classification problems. The proposed work fuses different deep learning models for successful classification of action-oriented images. Experiments on our own dataset as well as standard datasets show that the proposed model outperforms related state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods.
Proteomic analysis of autoantigens associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: Anti‐aldolase A antibody as a potential marker of lupus nephritis (2007)

To screen for autoantibodies associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we used proteomic approaches combining 2-D PAGE and Western blot analysis, followed by protein identification by LC-MS/MS analysis, resulting in the identification of aldolase A as a novel autoantigen in SLE. ELISA showed the prevalence of anti-aldolase A antibodies to be 29.3% in SLE, 8.2% in rheumatoid arthritis, 18.1% in polymyositis and absent in healthy controls. Furthermore, 43.4% of SLE patients suffering from nephritis showed anti-aldolase A autoantibodies, which was significantly higher than the prevalence for those without nephritis (11.1%). In lupus nephritis, there are few reliable diagnostic methods, other than urinalysis. Therefore, these results indicate that autoantibodies against aldolase A may serve as an alternative clinical biomarker of SLE associated with nephritis.
The Davidon-Fletcher-Powell penalty function method: A generalized iterative technique for solving parameter optimization problems (1976)

The Fletcher-Powell version of the Davidon variable metric unconstrained minimization technique is described. Equations that have been used successfully with the Davidon-Fletcher-Powell penalty function technique for solving constrained minimization problems and the advantages and disadvantages of using them are discussed. The experience gained in the behavior of the method while iterating is also related.
Color and Depth-Based Superpixels for Background and Object Segmentation (2012)

We present an approach to multimodal semantic segmentation based on both color and depth information. Our goal is to build a semantic map containing high-level information, namely objects and background categories (carpet, parquet, walls …). This approach was developed for the Panoramic and Active Camera for Object Mapping (PACOM)1 project in order to participate in a French exploration and mapping contest called CAROTTE. Our method is based on a structured output prediction strategy to detect the various elements of the environment, using both color and depth images from the Kinect camera. The image is first over-segmented into small homogeneous regions named “superpixels” to be classified and characterized using a bag of features representation. For each superpixel, texture and color descriptors are computed from the color image and 3D descriptors are computed from the associated depth image. A Markov Random Field (MRF) model then fuses texture, color, depth and neighboring information to associate a label to each superpixel extracted from the image. We present an evaluation of different segmentation algorithms for the semantic labeling task and the interest of integrating depth information in the superpixel computation task.
Mirror movements or functional tremor masking organic tremor (2018)

Functional tremors may mask an underlying organic tremor. Additionally, motor overflow which may happen especially with large amplitude movements may masquerade as mirror movements, which can be difficult to differentiate from an entrained functional tremor. Objective physiology and refinement of the current clinical and physiologic tremor evaluation techniques may help identify an underlying organic etiology.
CD66b Overexpression and Loss of C5a Receptors as Surface Markers for Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Neutrophil Dysfunction (2015)

Neutrophil granulocytes constitute the main component of innate immunity in the clearance of bacterial infections. However, during systemic inflammation, immunoparalysis may occur resulting in neutrophil dysfunction. This study presents a new in vitro model for analyzing the dysfunction of human peripheral blood neutrophils resulting from the interaction with Staphylococcus aureus components in whole blood. After induction of a massive complement activation by S. aureus supernatant, the neutrophils exhibit a reduced phagocytic capacity resulting in a dramatic reduction of the antibacterial activity similar to that of neutrophils isolated from septic patients. The number of phagocytozing neutrophils is drastically reduced as well as the phagocytic capacity designated by a significantly lower number of ingested microbes. This dysfunction correlates with the loss of complement component 5a receptor 1 from the neutrophil cell surface and can be further characterized by a C5a-induced CD66b overexpression. The presented in vitro model offers a new platform for preclinical testing of immunosuppressive drugs and delivers new information for the understanding of neutrophil dysfunctions under the conditions described.
Ultrasensitive and Broadband Optical Toroidal Modes in all‐Dielectric Nanostructures (Laser Photonics Rev. 16(3)/2022) (2022)

Toroidal Metamaterials In article number 2100404, Hui-Hsin Hsiao, and Ai-Yin Liu demonstrate optical toroidal dipole and anapole metamaterials through the designs of periodic amorphous silicon nano-pillars embedded in a spin-on glass layer. Upon normal incidence of plane wave, the transverse toroidal moment, stemming from a complete head-to-tail configuration of the magnetic dipole moments within each individual nanopillar, are excited in optical regime. The toroidal response can be enhanced and spectrally tuned by elongating cylindrical axis perpendicular to the light polarization and exhibit ultrahigh refractive index sensitivity compared to other multipoles.
Determining maximal tolerable dose of the MAb BR96 labeled with 90Y or 177Lu in rats-Establishment of a syngeneic tumor model (2010)

Objective To compare the maximal tolerable dose (MTD) of MAb BR96 labeled with 90Y or 177Lu in immunocompetent rats. Methods Increasing activity levels of BR96 labeled with 90Y or 177Lu were administered to groups of rats. Blood parameters, body weight and general performance were monitored for 8 weeks. Results Two days post injection (p.i.) all groups had decreased leukocyte counts down to 5 %-15 % of initial values. Initiation of recovery (at 14-21 days) showed a dose-response relationship. All groups except the one given the highest activity of 90Y fully recovered in leukocyte number. The decrease in platelets was delayed to day 7-14 p.i. with a dose-dependent response regarding both severity of the nadir value (10 %-40 % of initial value) and the start of recovery. The animals in the groups given the highest activities of both 90Y and 177Lu exhibited skin infections on day 21. Conclusion The results showed good reproducibility and dose-dependent toxicity for both radionuclides indicating that the MTD for 177Lu-BR96 (1000 MBq/kg) is 1.7 times that for 90Y-BR96 (600 MBq/kg) in rats; therefore, the therapeutic gain-T/N could be improved in former group. This model makes it feasible to evaluate strategies to escalate therapeutic doses to tumors without increasing normal tissue toxicity, such as radioimmunotherapy.

Key words: 
Rats;  90Y;  177Lu;  Antibodies, monoclonal;  Maximum tolerated dose; Radioimmunotherapy
Achieving 100% throughput in an input-queued switch (2002)

It is well known that head-of-line (HOL) blocking limits the throughput of an input-queued switch with FIFO queues. Under certain conditions, the throughput can be shown to be limited to approximately 58%. It is also known that if non-FIFO queueing policies are used, the throughput can be increased. However it has not been previously shown that if a suitable queueing policy and scheduling algorithm are used then it is possible to achieve 100% throughput for all independent arrival processes. In this paper we prove this to be the case using a simple linear programming argument and quadratic Lyapunov function. In particular we assume that each input maintains a separate FIFO queue for each output and that the switch is scheduled using a maximum weight bipartite matching algorithm.
Facile Preparation of Inside-Out Plasma Membrane Vesicles from Tumor Cells for Functional Studies of Pharmacologically Relevant Translocating ATPases (1995)

A reasonably facile and effective procedure is described for the preparation of inside-out plasma membrane vesicles from tumor cells. The method incorporates nitrogen cavitation, optimized with respect to the applied N2 pressure, in the absence of added divalent cations followed by differential centrifugation and discontinuous, sucrose gradient centrifugation. With the three tumor cell types utilized, multidrug-resistant (MEL/VCR-6) and parental (MEL/O) murine erythroleukemia cells and methotrexate-resistant (L1210/R24) L1210 leukemia cells, yields were in the range of 8-12 mg of plasma membrane vesicles/10(10) cells at a purity of 87-94% with average inside-out sidedness among preparations varying from 65 to 93% depending upon the cell type. Inside-out plasma membrane vesicles so derived were capable of sustaining ATP-dependent transport inward of two common antitumor cytotoxic agents, vinblastine and methotrexate. The former was demonstrated with inside-out vesicles from only P-glycoprotein-overexpressing, multidrug-resistant MEL/VCR-6 cells, while the latter was readily demonstrated in inside-out vesicles from all three cell types.
Perfil metabólico de ovelhas em gestação (2016)

A identificação do perfil metabólico em animais de produção atua como um método auxiliar na avaliação de rebanhos com diferentes índices produtivos e reprodutivos, assim como uma importante ferramenta no diagnóstico clínico de doenças do metabolismo que podem afetar o desempenho produtivo dos animais. O objetivo deste estudo é realizar um levantamento de informações sobre o perfil metabólico energético, proteico e mineral de ovelhas em gestação, avaliando o que já foi estudado sobre o tema e salientando o que ainda necessita mais pesquisas. Dentre os metabólitos utilizados para avaliação do status nutricional dos ruminantes, estão a glicose, o beta-hidroxibutirato (BHB), os ácidos graxos livres (NEFA) e o colesterol para avaliação energética, a ureia, a albumina e as proteínas totais para avaliação protéica, e para avaliação mineral cálcio, fósforo e magnésio. Esta revisão disserta a influência do perfil metabólico no desempenho produtivo de ovelhas gestantes, valores de referência e estudos relacionados. No entanto existem poucos estudos sobre o efeito das alterações metabólicas gestacionais sobre a estrutura da fibra muscular, desenvolvimento, crescimento e qualidade da carne dos cordeiros gerados. Assim, há necessidade de novas pesquisas voltadas a esclarecer questões relacionadas com esse tema.
Emergence of a universal limiting speed (2011)

We display several examples of how fields with different limiting velocities (the ``speed of light'') at a high energy scale can nevertheless have a common limiting velocity at low energies due to the effects of interactions. We evaluate the interplay of the velocities through the self-energy diagrams and use the renormalization group to evolve the system to low energy. The differences normally vanish only logarithmically, so that an exponentially large energy trajectory is required in order to satisfy experimental constraints. However, we also display a model in which the running is a power-law type, which could be more phenomenologically useful. The largest velocity difference should be in the system with the weakest interaction, which suggests that the study of the speed of gravitational waves would be the most stringent test of this phenomenon.
Alcohol Protects the Diaphragm during Dietary Restriction (1990)

We recently reported that alcoholic rat diaphragm develops greater contractile force than diaphragm of pair-fed control animals. The present experiment examines whether alcohol or dietary restriction is the more likely cause of this surprising finding. We conditioned 10 rats using a liquid diet containing ethanol as 36% of calories. Ten pair-fed control animals received an equal amount of isocaloric, ethanol-free liquid diet. Ten ad libitum control animals had unrestricted access to lab chow and water. Rats were killed after 30 weeks. Left costal diaphragm strips were studied in vitro at optimal length using direct stimulation at supramaximal voltage. Isometric force was measured and divided by muscle cross-section to compute stress. Maximal tetanic stresses developed by muscle from pair-fed controls were systematically less than alcoholic and ad libitum control values (p less than 0.0001); this did not depend on temperature (25 degrees vs. 37 degrees; p greater than 0.50). Pair-feeding increased twitch half-relaxation times (p less than 0.03) and shifted the tetanic stress-stimulation frequency relationship leftward by 10 Hz (p less than 0.01). Diaphragm of pair-fed rats continued to generate lower stresses during the fatigue caused by repeated contractions (p less than 0.01). We conclude that dietary restriction associated with pair-feeding compromises diaphragm performance in rats. Chronic alcohol consumption prevents or reverses these changes, since diaphragm function of alcoholic and ad libitum control animals was not different.
Spatial light modulators for projection displays (1997)

Spatial light modulators (SLM's) consisting of a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film and a Bi(12)SiO(20) photoconductor are discussed and demonstrated. This device, which uses light scattering in the PDLC film, has several advantages including no polarizer, a low optical loss, and video-rate operation. The device was designed by use of an electrical-image method. High-definition SLM's with a limiting resolution (36-50 line pairs/mm) were fabricated by stacking of an optimized mirror and the PDLC film. The device, which was incorporated into a Schlieren system with a 1-kW xenon lamp, provided high-contrast video images and a total luminous flux of 1000 lm.
The Electronic States of Some Metal Impurities in Germanium (1982)

Capacitance spectroscopy measurements of the energy levels and majority carrier capture cross sections of deep impurity states associated with S, Zn, Pb and Bi in Ge are presented. Similarities in the electrical properties of these elements with other deep impurities in Ge are discussed.
An efficient new technique for accurate bit error probability estimation of ZJ decoders (1995)

Sequential decoding is a very powerful decoding procedure for convolutional codes which is characterized as a sequential search for the correct transmitted path through a large decision tree with random node metrics. The authors present a new efficient technique for accurately estimating the bit error rates (BERs) of stack or Zigangirov-Jelinek (ZJ) sequential decoders for specific time-invariant convolutional codes. In contrast to a brute-force simulation approach, this method achieves computational efficiency by using a mean-translation importance sampling biasing method along with a set of easily checked rules which immediately eliminate the need of running the computationally intensive ZJ algorithm in a large number of simulation trials.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The retrograde approach to coronary artery chronic total occlusions (2011)

The retrograde approach has revolutionized the treatment of chronic total occlusions. Several retrograde techniques have recently been described. In this article, we present a practical review with step-by-step instructions on the indications for retrograde interventions, equipment and retrograde channel selection, and techniques for retrograde crossing and treatment of chronic total occlusions.
Light Funneling Mechanism Explained by Magnetoelectric Interference (2011)

We investigate the mechanisms involved in the funneling of optical energy into subwavelength grooves etched on a metallic surface. The key phenomenon is unveiled thanks to the decomposition of the electromagnetic field into its propagative and evanescent parts. We unambiguously show that the funneling is not due to plasmonic waves flowing toward the grooves, but rather to the magnetoelectric interference of the incident wave with the evanescent field, this field being mainly due to the resonant wave escaping from the groove.