gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and simulate of LQR-Fuzzy controller for unicycle robot with double flywheels (2018)

This research is focus on design and simulate unicycle robot with double flywheels model with LQR-Fuzzy controller. Roll balancing torque is generated by gyroscopic effect. Pitch balancing torque is applied by inverted pendulum concept. To control the heading of the robot, the angular momentum from both flywheel is applied to control this. The robot model is based on Euler-Lagrange equations. The non-linear model is linearization by Taylor series expansion. The simulation results conducted by MATLAB/Simulink. LQR-Fuzzy is combination algorithm between LQR and Fuzzy controller. The main structure control is the LQR controller and use the Fuzzy controller to adjust the close loop controller gain. The simulation results is simulated and compared with conventional LQR.
Massive Random Access With Trellis-Based Codes and Random Signatures (2021)

We investigate unsourced and grant-free massive random access in which all the users employ the same codebook, and the basestation is only interested in decoding the distinct messages sent. To resolve the colliding user packets, a novel approach relying on user transmissions with random-like amplitudes selected from a large number of possible signatures is proposed. The scheme is combined with convolutional coding for error correction. The receiver operates by first identifying the signatures used by the transmitting nodes employing a sparsity-based detection algorithm, and then utilizing a trellis-based decoding algorithm. Despite its simplicity, the proposed solution offers excellent performance.
Efficient simulation of thermochemical nonequilibrium flows using highly resolved H-adapted grids (2014)

Accurate and easy to handle simulation tools are needed for the design and development of future space transportation systems operating in the hypersonic regime. The simulation of hypersonic flow fields in thermochemical nonequilibrium is a challenging task, as a variety of flow features on various time and length scales needs to be properly resolved. A high-quality grid is required to capture all flow phenomena while reducing computational costs and numerical instabilities. H-adaptive multiscale-based grid adaptation allows for an automatic adjustment of the grid. The locally highly-resolved grid allows to capture all relevant flow features while achieving a high efficiency by keeping the overall number of grid cells low. With this purpose in mind, a general CFD solver framework is developed in the present work. It combines the multiscale-based grid adaptation with the necessary physical models and numerical methods for the simulation of arbitrary reaction models in thermochemical nonequilibrium. The developed tools and methods are incorporated into the QUADFLOW solver, an integrated concept of grid generation, grid adaptation and finite-volume flow solver. The modified QUADFLOW solver is applied to two pertinent applications. The injection of various cooling gases into a supersonic boundary layer demonstrates the versatility of the QUADFLOW solver at the example of a low enthalpy configuration. The simulated high-enthalpy Edney type IV and type VII shock-shock interactions represent a complex and challenging flow configuration. A high resolution of the vortex structures in the inner flow field and of the boundary layer is achieved at the same time. The simulation results enhance the understanding of the driving mechanism of the jet unsteadiness.
Kinetic processes determining the time dependence of vuv emission in He (1975)

We present an interpretation of the data by Bartell, Hurst, and Wagner (BHW) on the time resolved vuv emission from He excited by pulses of fast charged particles. Here we argue that the very large term, linear in pressure, observed in the decay rate of the He(2 1P) population represents He(2 1P) + He(11S) →He(2 1S) + He(1 1S) and that the dominant mechanism for this reaction is strong rotational coupling of the adiabatic states 1Πg(1 1S+2 1P) and 1Σ+g(1 1S+2 1S) in the region of internuclear separation near the potential curve crossing at R?2.04 Å. The accurate prediction of the reaction rate, together with the fact that no other singlet states appear accessible at room temperature, leads to the conclusion that in nearly pure He most of the large He(2 1P) population is converted to He(2 1S) either by radiative transitions, the two-body process described above, or by the related predissociation of B 1Πg(1 1S+2 1P) when the molecule is formed in a high vibrational state. Thus, most of the continuum radiation comes from the A 1Σ+u and possibly the D 1Σ+u molecules, and the time dependence of radiation from the A 1Σ+u molecule is rate-limited by decay of He(2 1S) by various collisional processes.
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Protect Cardiac Progenitor Cells from Oxidative Stress (2012)

Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) are a promising autologous source of cells for cardiac regenerative medicine. However, CPC culture in vitro requires the presence of microenvironmental conditions (a complex array of bioactive substance concentration, mechanostructural factors, and physicochemical factors) closely mimicking the natural cell surrounding in vivo, including the capability to uphold reactive oxygen species (ROS) within physiological levels in vitro. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) are redox-active and could represent a potent tool to control the oxidative stress in isolated CPCs. Here, we report that 24 h exposure to 5, 10, and 50 μg/mL of nanoceria did not affect cell growth and function in cardiac progenitor cells, while being able to protect CPCs from H(2)O(2)-induced cytotoxicity for at least 7 days, indicating that nanoceria in an effective antioxidant. Therefore, these findings confirm the great potential of nanoceria for controlling ROS-induced cell damage.
Fiction and the Weave of Life (2007)

In 'Fiction and the Weave of Life', John Gibson offers a novel and intriguing account of the relationship between literature and everyday life, and shows how literature can give us an understanding of our world without literally being about our world.
Surface oxidation of aluminium nitride thin films (2000)

Two types of aluminium nitride thin films were prepared on silicon substrates by ion beam assisted deposition; one had columnar microstructure and the other granular microstructure. Surface oxidation was performed on both films by annealing them at 900°C for 5–120 min and the effect of film microstructure on oxidation behaviour was studied. X-ray diffraction studies showed that aluminium oxynitride phase was formed in granular films after annealing for 60 min, whilst this oxidised phase was hardly observed in columnar films. Depth analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that oxygen diffusion occurred more readily in the granular microstructure than in the columnar. Observations using an atomic force microscope indicated that the surface average roughness increased with annealing time. It was therefore concluded that granular AlN films can be more easily oxidised than columnar films.
A Relaxed Half-Stochastic Iterative Decoder for LDPC Codes (2009)

This paper presents a Relaxed Half-Stochastic (RHS) low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoding algorithm that uses some elements of the sum-product algorithm (SPA) in its variable nodes, but maintains the low-complexity interleaver and check node structures characteristic of stochastic decoders. The algorithm relies on the principle of successive relaxation to convert binary stochastic streams to a log-likelihood ratio (LLR) representation. Simulations of a (2048, 1723) RS-LDPC code show that the RHS algorithm can outperform 100-iterations floating-point SPA decoding. We describe approaches for low-complexity implementation of the RHS algorithm. Furthermore, we show how the stochastic nature of the belief representation can be exploited to lower the error floor.
Theoretical and experimental studies of micromachined hot-wire anemometers (2002)

A new type of micromachined and batch-fabricated hot-wire anemometers has been developed. The systematic characterization of these devices, especially of the steady-state characteristics, frequency response, and directional dependence are presented. These micromachined anemometers can perform better than conventional ones because of their extremely small size. It is demonstrated that a 10 /spl mu/m long, 1 /spl mu/m wide, and 0.5 /spl mu/m thick polysilicon hot wire can have a unprecedented bandwidth of 1.4 MHz in constant-temperature mode.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
1-Deoxy-d-xylulose:  Synthesis Based on Molybdate-Catalyzed Rearrangement of a Branched-Chain Aldotetrose (2001)

1-Deoxy-D-xylulose has been prepared in seven steps and approximately 21% overall yield from 2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-erythrono-1,4-lactone. The key reaction involves transformation of a branched-chain aldotetrose to the 1-deoxy-2-ketopentose catalyzed by molybdic acid. Other branched-chain aldotetroses containing bulkier substituents at C2 also engage in the conversion, suggesting routes to protected 2-ketoses and alpha-ketoacids/esters. This synthetic route mimics reactions of the non-mevalonate isoprenoid pathway in plants and bacteria. [reaction: see text]
Brain–phenotype models fail for individuals who defy sample stereotypes (2022)

Individual differences in brain functional organization track a range of traits, symptoms and behaviours<sup>1-12</sup>. So far, work modelling linear brain-phenotype relationships has assumed that a single such relationship generalizes across all individuals, but models do not work equally well in all participants<sup>13,14</sup>. A better understanding of in whom models fail and why is crucial to revealing robust, useful and unbiased brain-phenotype relationships. To this end, here we related brain activity to phenotype using predictive models-trained and tested on independent data to ensure generalizability<sup>15</sup>-and examined model failure. We applied this data-driven approach to a range of neurocognitive measures in a new, clinically and demographically heterogeneous dataset, with the results replicated in two independent, publicly available datasets<sup>16,17</sup>. Across all three datasets, we find that models reflect not unitary cognitive constructs, but rather neurocognitive scores intertwined with sociodemographic and clinical covariates; that is, models reflect stereotypical profiles, and fail when applied to individuals who defy them. Model failure is reliable, phenotype specific and generalizable across datasets. Together, these results highlight the pitfalls of a one-size-fits-all modelling approach and the effect of biased phenotypic measures<sup>18-20</sup> on the interpretation and utility of resulting brain-phenotype models. We present a framework to address these issues so that such models may reveal the neural circuits that underlie specific phenotypes and ultimately identify individualized neural targets for clinical intervention.
Effect of rat atriopeptin III on renal function in dogs during water diuresis and hydropenia. (1986)

Experiments have been performed in conscious male beagle dogs under maximal water diuresis or hydropenia to determine the effects of synthetic rat atriopeptin III [r-AP III = r-ANF- (103-126)] (Geller et al. 1984), in an intravenous dose of 50 micrograms/kg body weight, on renal function and plasma renin activity. Intravenous injection of r-AP III resulted in an increase in urine and sodium excretion lasting up to 20 minutes, while the glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were hardly influenced under either of the experimental conditions. r-AP III induced an increase in free water clearance from 7.51 +/- 2.45 ml/min in controls to 12.15 +/- 2.25 ml/min in the first clearance period, whereas the free water reabsorption was only slightly reduced (5.56 +/- 1.22 vs. 5.02 +/- 1.23 ml/min). r-AP III caused a slight increase in plasma renin activity from 0.65 +/- 0.46 in controls to 1.02 +/- 0.47 ng X ml-1 X h-1 in water diuretic dogs and from 3.19 +/- 0.51 in controls to 3.72 +/- 0.81 ng X ml-1 X h-1 in hydropenic dogs. These experiments show that the r-AP III-induced salidiuretic response seems not to be mediated by changes in the glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow. Moreover, the increase in free water clearance and the absence of change in free water reabsorption indicate a proximal site of action of r-AP III.
Exploiting Reusable Paths in Mobile Robotics: Benefits and Challenges for Long-term Autonomy (2012)

Visual-teach-and-repeat (VT&R) systems have proven extremely useful for practical robot autonomy where the global positioning system is either unavailable or unreliable, examples include tramming for underground mining using a planar laser scanner as well as a return-to-lander function for planetary exploration using a stereo-or laser-based camera. By embedding local appearance/metric information along an arbitrarily long path, it becomes possible to re-drive the path without the need for a single privileged coordinate frame and using only modest computational resources. For a certain class of long-term autonomy problems (e.g., repeatable long-range driving), VT&R appears to offer a simple yet scalable solution. Beyond single paths, we envision that networks of reusable paths could be established and shared from one robot to another to enable practical tasks such as surveillance, delivery (e.g., mail, hospitals, factories, warehouses), worksite operations (e.g., construction, mining), and autonomous roadways. However, for lifelong operations on reusable paths, robustness to a variety of environmental changes, both transient and permanent, is required. In this paper, we relate our experiences and lessons learned with the three above-mentioned implementations of VT&R systems. Based on this, we enumerate both the benefits and challenges of reusable paths that we see moving forwards. We discuss one such challenge, lighting-invariance, in detail and present our progess in overcoming it.
Utilizing Cellulose Nanofibril as an Eco-Friendly Flocculant for Filler Flocculation in Papermaking (2016)

Cellulose nanofibril (CNF) is a type of nano-sized cellulosic material with a high aspect ratio and a large specific surface area, which makes it a promising additive to flocculate particles such as fillers. In this study, CNFs were prepared by wet disk-milling with three different degrees of fibrillation. The effect of the CNF on the flocculation of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) was elucidated. A photometric dispersion analyzer (PDA) investigated the flocculation phenomena resulting from the interactions between the PCC and the CNF, or polymers, in real-time. The results clearly showed that CNF could be used to control the flocculation behavior of the PCC particles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the CNFs functioned as bridges between the two PCC particles. A significant reflocculation capability was observed in one- and two-component systems that consisted of CNFs. The addition of cationic starch (C-starch) could induce more efficient flocculation within a two-component system.
Zero current detection technique for fast transient response in buck DC-DC converters (2008)

A load dependent zero-current detector is proposed in this paper for speeding up the transient response when load current changes from heavy to light loads. The fast transient control signal determines how long the reversed inductor current according to sudden load variations. At the beginning of load variation from heavy to light loads, the sensed voltage compared with higher voltage to discharge the overshoot output voltage for achieving fast transient response. Besides, for an adaptive reversed current period, the fast transient mechanism is turned off since the output voltage is rapidly regulated back to the acceptable level. Simulation results demonstrate that the ZCD circuit permits the reverse current flowing back into n-type power MOSFET at the beginning of load variations. The settling time is decreased to about 35μs when load current suddenly changes from 500mA to10mA.
Rendimiento cognitivo y síntomas afectivos en la fase aguda y tres meses después de un ictus isquémico (2007)

After an ictus, decline of cognitive function, mood and behaviour have been described. Our aim is to correlate the volume of the lesion (in sequences DRM and FLAIR) with the raw scores of cognitive and affective tests. Patients (N = 24) with vascular subcortical cerebral lesions were studied, and cognitive and affective behaviour tests were administered twice. The results show a negative correlation be-tween the volume of the lesion in the DRM sequence and the verbal phonetic fluency (r = -0,42) and naming scores (r = -0,64). A negative correlation is also observed with the Naming Boston Test (r = -0,50) in the FLAIR sequence. Correlations between the volume of the lesion in the left hemisphere and the Trail Making Test part B and the naming test, were statistically significant. With relationship to the second evaluation carried out after three months, a certain improvement of the raw scores of the tests was observed.
Modeling auditory perception to improve robust speech recognition (2002)

While non-stationary stochastic techniques have led to substantial improvements in vocabulary size and speaker independence, most automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems remain overly sensitive to the acoustic environment, precluding robust widespread applications. Our approach to this problem has been to model fundamental aspects of auditory perception, which are typically neglected in common ASR front ends, to derive a more robust and phonetically relevant parameterization of speech. Short-term adaptation and recovery, a sensitivity to local spectral peaks, together with an explicit parameterization of the position and motion of local spectral peaks reduces the error rate of a word recognition task by as much as a factor of 4. Current work also investigates the perceptual significance of pitch-rate amplitude-modulation cues in noise.
Phase sensitive characterization of short scale-length plasmas. (1994)

By irradiation of solid targets with intense femtosecond pulses it is possible to create microplasmas of very small gradient scale length l/λ&lt;0.1. Useful information on the early evolution of these plasmas on a picosecond or even subpicosecond time scale can be obtained via optical detection. For instance, subpicosecond time-resolved Schlieren measurements can determine the location of the critical density layer of the plasma.[1] However diffraction effects limit the accuracy to a value of the order of the incident wavelength. A method to detect plasma velocities relies on the spectral analysis of the reflected probe beam at different delays.[2] Expansion velocities can be inferred from Doppler shifts. However, the large Fourier spectrum Δω≈1/Δt of short pulses makes it difficult to estimate frequency shifts much less than Δω. Furthermore, this method is sensitive to the detrimental shot-to-shot frequency and spatial fluctuations of the lasers.
Activation of Interleukin-32 Pro-Inflammatory Pathway in Response to Influenza A Virus Infection (2008)

IL-32 is induced by influenza A virus infection via COX-2 in the inflammatory cascade. Our results provide that IL-32 is a potential target for anti-inflammatory medicine screening.
Investigation of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 1 in Plasma from Colorectal Cancer Patients and Blood Donors by Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (2007)

Early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) improves patient survival. Plasma tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) measurements by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) have been suggested as a new method for the early detection of CRC. To further investigate the nature of TIMP-1 in plasma, surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI TOF MS) was used. TIMP-1 measurements of plasma from 16 healthy donors and 14 CRC patients were performed using TIMP-1 monoclonal antibody in SELDI TOF MS and ELISA. SELDI TOF MS applying an antibody to TIMP-1 revealed that human plasma TIMP-1 has a mass of 25.1 kDa and exhibits several isoforms. Both methods showed increased plasma TIMP-1 values for cancer patients as compared to healthy individuals. The p values for the separation of the groups were 0.0019 for ELISA and &lt;0.0001 for SELDI TOF MS. CRC did not fundamentally affect the appearance of TIMP-1 as evaluated by SELDI TOF MS.
ESD reliability impact of p<sup>+</sup> pocket implant on double implanted NLDD MOSFET (1995)

An ESD study was conducted on a process using an arsenic NLDD, a boron pocket implant, and an 90 angstrom gate oxide. Increasing the boron pocket and arsenic NLDD implant doses increased the ESD robustness of the NMOST. However, heavier B11 pocket implants of 1.5E13 atoms/cm/sup 2/ were found to create parasitic n-p-n bipolar transistors under the n-well tap diffusions, increasing n-well tap resistance.
Frequency-domain-based performance analysis for the cell BE processor (2011)

Frequency-domain analysis is routinely used to analyze complex DSP and communication systems, however its application in processor performance analysis has been quite limited. This paper explores the utility of frequency-domain analysis with respect to the Cell BE processor targeting streaming multimedia applications. The paper utilizes FFT as a means to characterize workloads. FFT is applied to either a program trace for complex applications, or to a ‘Z’ representation of key program kernels. The latter presentation utilizes the regular control-flow of multimedia kernels and achieves a concise representation of them. Such characterization identifies potential workload characteristics in terms of ‘repeated’ events. To predict performance, an analytical model of the Cell BE is constructed based on queuing networks. The parameters of the model are obtained, and reasoned about, using the frequency-domain's workload characterization. The performance model is compared with real experimental results using High Dynamic Range tone mapping operation, image processing kernel, and a DMA benchmark application.