gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract P045: Residential Traffic Exposure and Intima Media Thickness in Augsburg, Germany (2012)

Background. It has been suggested that long-term exposure to air pollution may lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Hypotheses. In this study, we hypothesized that long-term residential traffic exposure enlarges of intima-media thickness (IMT). Methods. We used data on 2712 individuals aged 31 to 82 years who participated in the cross-sectional KORA F4 (2006–2008) survey conducted in the region of Augsburg, Germany. The residential traffic exposure was assessed by specifying daily traffic intensity of and distance to nearest street, and of daily traffic load (sum of product of traffic intensity and length of all street segments) and total road length within a buffer of 50 and rings of 50 to 100 and 100 to 300 meters around the residences. IMT was measured as mean of first cm of left and right common carotid artery segments from all angles (mm). We used linear regression adjusting for sex, age, adipositas, education, occupation, smoking status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol and statin intake. Results. Road length within a radius of 50 meters of a person’s residence was associated with an increased IMT 1.2% (95% CI, 0.2% to 2.3%) per increase in 140 road length (m). Other measures of traffic exposures showed no or weaker effects; for example the traffic load within a radius of 50 meters of a person’s residence was associated with an increased IMT 0.3% (95% CI, -0.4% to 1.0%) per increase in 600 vehicles per kilometer. No difference was observed between men and women. Conclusions. Long-term residential exposure by road traffic may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Additional estimates for traffic related pollution may help interpreting the results of the KORA study.
Vascular damage as a risk factor for benign prostatic hyperplasia and erectile dysfunction (2005)

These results strongly support the hypothesis that age-related impairment of blood supply to the lower urinary tract is important in the development of BPH and ED. Vascular damage may cause chronic ischaemia and thus be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of BPH and ED.
Deep-learning-based hologram generation using a generative model (2021)

We propose a new learning and inferring model that generates digital holograms using deep neural networks (DNNs). This DNN uses a generative adversarial network, trained to infer a complex two-dimensional fringe pattern from a single object point. The intensity and fringe patterns inferred for each object point were multiplied, and all the fringe patterns were accumulated to generate a perfect hologram. This method can achieve generality by recording holograms for two spaces (16 Space and 32 Space). The reconstruction results of both spaces proved to be almost the same as numerical computer-generated holograms by showing the performance at 44.56 and 35.11 dB, respectively. Through displaying the generated hologram in the optical equipment, we proved that the holograms generated by the proposed DNN can be optically reconstructed.
Discrete Domains Mediate the Light-Responsive Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Localization of Arabidopsis COP1 (1999)

Minviluz G. Stacey, Stephanie N. Hicks, Albrecht G. von Arnim, Discrete Domains Mediate the Light-Responsive Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Localization of Arabidopsis COP1, The Plant Cell, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Mar., 1999), pp. 349-363
Early Cognitive and Language Development: What Low-Income Parents of Newborns Know and Do (2019)

Purpose: Using the pediatric primary care setting to address early cognitive and socioemotional disparities has received increased attention. Towards that end, there have been a number of recent efforts to integrate parent-directed behavioral interventions in pediatric clinics. Developing effective behavioral interventions requires better understanding parent characteristics and needs. FQHCs are important healthcare networks reaching underserved communities. This study focused on parents of infants receiving well-child care at FQHCs, understanding their sources of childcare support/help, knowledge about early childhood cognitive and language development, and language behaviors towards their infants. Methods: English- …
Level Set-Based Robust Topology Design Considering Spatial Uncertainty (2012)

This study extends the authors’ proposed robust topology optimization approach to the design problems with two-dimensional nonuniform spatially-varied random parameters. The robust optimization is formulated to model the nonuniform spatial distribution of random variables by stochastic process model with a reduced set of random variables. The proposed approach integrates the robust optimization formulation and the level set-based topology optimization. The robust optimization is formulated to minimize the robust compliance that is defined as a weighted sum of the expected value and the standard deviation of mean compliance under volume constraint. Through numerical examples, the validity of the proposed robust topology optimization approach is demonstrated. Also, the eects that uncertain random parameters have upon the obtained robust optimum configurations are investigated through the power spectrum of the structural response.
Hubble Space Telescope spectra of the Type Ia supernova SN 2011fe: a tail of low-density, high-velocity material with Z < Z⊙ (2014)

Hubble Space Telescope spectroscopic observations of the nearby Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2011fe, taken on 10 epochs from -13.1 to +40.8 d relative to B-band maximum light, and spanning the far-ultraviolet (UV) to the near-infrared (IR) are presented. This spectroscopic coverage makes SN 2011fe the best-studied local SN Ia to date. SN 2011fe is a typical moderately luminous SN Ia with no evidence for dust extinction. Its near-UV spectral properties are representative of a larger sample of local events (Maguire et al.). The near-UV to optical spectra of SN 2011fe are modelled with a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code using the technique of 'abundance tomography', constraining the density structure and the abundance stratification in the SN ejecta. SN 2011fe was a relatively weak explosion, with moderate Fe-group yields. The density structures of the classical model W7 and of a delayed detonation model were tested. Both have shortcomings. An ad hoc density distribution was developed which yields improved fits and is characterized by a high-velocity tail, which is absent in W7. However, this tail contains less mass than delayed detonation models. This improved model has a lower energy than one-dimensional explosion models matching typical SNe Ia (e.g. W7, WDD1; Iwamoto et al.). The derived Fe abundance in the outermost layer is consistent with the metallicity at the SN explosion site in M101 (0.5 Z ). The spectroscopic rise-time (19 d) is significantly longer than that measured from the early optical light curve, implying a 'dark phase' of 1 d. A longer rise-time has significant implications when deducing the properties of the white dwarf and binary system from the early photometric behaviour.
Low-Crosstalk Semi-Trench-Assisted Multicore Flat Fiber (2015)

250-m long 125-μm×315-μm size semi-trench-assisted multicore flat fiber is fabricated using undoped-secondary-cladding as the trench. Crosstalk at 630 nm is fully suppressed in the fiber with 4.2-μm and 27.5-μm core and pitch size, respectively.
Regional Assessment of Joint Position Sense in the Spine (1998)

1) Healthy volunteers were able to reposition their spine with considerable accuracy as measured with the 3-Space Fastrak; 2) this ability does not change significantly on a day-to-day basis; and 3) the 3-Space Fastrak offers a noninvasive and accurate method for the measurement of spinal position sense.
Androgen receptor signaling induced by supraphysiological doses of dihydrotestosterone in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (2010)

This article was originally published in Proteomics 2010, 10 , 3165–3175, DOI 10.1002/pmic.201000079
Fast and Robust Edge Extraction in Unorganized Point Clouds (2015)

Edges provide important visual information in scene surfaces. The need for fast and robust feature extraction from 3D data is nowadays fostered by the widespread availability of cheap commercial depth sensors and multi-camera setups. This article investigates the challenge of detecting edges in surfaces represented by unorganized point clouds. Generally, edge recognition requires the extraction of geometric features such as normal vectors and curvatures. Since the normals alone do not provide enough information about the geometry of the cloud, further analysis of extracted normals is needed for edge extraction, such as a clustering method. Edge extraction through these techniques consists of several steps with parameters which depend on the density and the scale of the point cloud. In this paper we propose a fast and precise method to detect sharp edge features by analysing the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix that are defined by each point's k-nearest neighbors. Moreover, we evaluate quantitatively, and qualitatively the proposed methods for sharp edge extraction using several dihedral angles and well known examples of unorganized point clouds. Furthermore, we demonstrate the robustness of our approach in the noisier real-world datasets.
CREDBANK: A Large-Scale Social Media Corpus With Associated Credibility Annotations (2021)

Social media has quickly risen to prominence as a news source, yet lingering doubts remain about its ability to spread rumor and misinformation. Systematically studying this phenomenon, however, has been difficult due to the need to collect large-scale, unbiased data along with in-situ judgements of its accuracy. In this paper we present CREDBANK, a corpus designed to bridge this gap by systematically combining machine and human computation. Specifically, CREDBANK is a corpus of tweets, topics, events and associated human credibility judgements. It is based on the real-time tracking of more than 1 billion streaming tweets over a period of more than three months, computational summarizations of those tweets, and intelligent routings of the tweet streams to human annotators — within a few hours of those events unfolding on Twitter. In total CREDBANK comprises more than 60 million tweets grouped into 1049 real-world events, each annotated by 30 human annotators. As an example, with CREDBANK one can quickly calculate that roughly 24% of the events in the global tweet stream are not perceived as credible. We have made CREDBANK publicly available, and hope it will enable new research questions related to online information credibility in fields such as social science, data mining and health.
[Polysaccharides of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and Glycyrrhiza echinata L. Medicinal plants II]. (1998)

Comparative study was carried out among the polysaccharides of Chinese, Lithuanian and Hungarian origin Glycyrrhiza glabra root samples as well as the Hungarian origin Glycyrrhiza echinata, which has not been studied earlier. The plant material was extracted with boiling water and the yield, the carbohydrate and the uronic acid content was measured by the alpha-naphtol and the Bitter method [21], respectively. Although the yield of Hungarian origin species was found lower than the yield of eastern species, the uronic acid content was similar. (Table I.) Our results show that to extract polysaccharides containing uronic acids needed longer extraction time, about 4 hours. The stem of Glycyrrhiza echinata might be useful from a practical point of view because of its large size and easy of access. (Table I. II.) Some fractions containing uronic acid in higher amount were separated on DEAE Sepharose CL-6B anion exchange column. After hydrolysis, reduction and acetylation the monosaccharide composition of this fractions was analysed by GC. (Table IV.).
Stimulation by Toll-Like Receptors Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation (2002)

Abstract Osteoclasts, the cells capable of resorbing bone, are derived from hemopoietic precursor cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage. The same precursor cells can also give rise to macrophages and dendritic cells, which are essential for proper immune responses to various pathogens. Immune responses to microbial pathogens are often triggered because various microbial components induce the maturation and activation of immunoregulatory cells such as macrophages or dendritic cells by stimulating Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Since osteoclasts arise from the same precursors as macrophages, we tested whether TLRs play any role during osteoclast differentiation. We showed here that osteoclast precursors prepared from mouse bone marrow cells expressed all known murine TLRs (TLR1-TLR9). Moreover, various TLR ligands (e.g., peptidoglycan, poly(I:C) dsRNA, LPS, and CpG motif of unmethylated DNA, which act as ligands for TLR2, 3, 4, and 9, respectively) induced NF-κB activation and up-regulated TNF-α production in osteoclast precursor cells. Unexpectedly, however, TLR stimulation of osteoclast precursors by these microbial products strongly inhibited their differentiation into multinucleated, mature osteoclasts induced by TNF-related activation-induced cytokine. Rather, TLR stimulation maintained the phagocytic activity of osteoclast precursors in the presence of osteoclastogenic stimuli M-CSF and TNF-related activation-induced cytokine. Taken together, these results suggest that TLR stimulation of osteoclast precursors inhibits their differentiation into noninflammatory mature osteoclasts during microbial infection. This process favors immune responses and may be critical to prevent pathogenic effects of microbial invasion on bone.
Melt Elongation of Polymer Nanocomposites: A Method for the Controlled Production of Dichroic Films (2008)

Abstract A processing method based on stretching of molten polymer nanocomposites was applied to prepare dichroic films. First, dodecanethiol‐capped gold particles were embedded in low density polyethylene. The resulting isotropic films were stretched in the melt under uniaxial loading using an elongational rheometer. The melt elongation technique resulted in reproducible characteristics of the optical properties and can be directly transferred to an industrial scale. The organic coating of the metal particles plays an important role in the generation of the dichroism. A reactive surface (adsorbed perfluorophenyl azide) led to strongly agglomerated particles which obviously did not lead to dichroic films. magnified image
Control Strategies for Battery Energy Storage for Wind Farm Dispatching (2009)

Integrating a battery energy storage system (BESS) with a large wind farm can smooth out the intermittent power from the wind farm. This paper focuses on development of a control strategy for optimal use of the BESS for this purpose. The paper considers a conventional feedback-based control scheme with revisions to incorporate the operating constraints of the BESS, such as state of charge limits, charge/discharge rate, and lifetime. The goal of the control is to have the BESS provide as much smoothing as possible so that the wind farm can be dispatched on an hourly basis based on the forecasted wind conditions. The effectiveness of this control strategy has been tested by using an actual wind farm data. Finally, it is shown that the control strategy is very important in determining the proper BESS size needed for this application.
Model-Based Recursive Partitioning for Subgroup Analyses (2016)

The identification of patient subgroups with differential treatment effects is the first step towards individualised treatments. A current draft guideline by the EMA discusses potentials and problems in subgroup analyses and formulated challenges to the development of appropriate statistical procedures for the data-driven identification of patient subgroups. We introduce model-based recursive partitioning as a procedure for the automated detection of patient subgroups that are identifiable by predictive factors. The method starts with a model for the overall treatment effect as defined for the primary analysis in the study protocol and uses measures for detecting parameter instabilities in this treatment effect. The procedure produces a segmented model with differential treatment parameters corresponding to each patient subgroup. The subgroups are linked to predictive factors by means of a decision tree. The method is applied to the search for subgroups of patients suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that differ with respect to their Riluzole treatment effect, the only currently approved drug for this disease.
Structure-Based Design of Acetolactate Synthase From Bacillus licheniformis Improved Protein Stability Under Acidic Conditions (2020)

Catabolic acetolactate synthase (cALS) plays a crucial role in the quality of liquor because of its ability to catalyze the synthesis of the endogenous precursor product α-acetolactate of the aromatic compound tetramethylpyrazine (TTMP) and acetoin. However, the vulnerability of cALS to acidic conditions limits its application in the Chinese liquor brewing industry. Here we report the biochemical characterization of cALS from <i>B. licheniformis</i> T2 (BlALS) that was screened from Chinese liquor brewing microorganisms. BlALS showed optimal activity levels at pH 7.0, and the values of <i>K</i> <sub>m</sub> and V<sub>max</sub> were 27.26 mM and 6.9 mM⋅min<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Through site-directed mutagenesis, we improved the stability of BlALS under acidic conditions. Replacing the two basic residues of BlALS with acidic mutations (N210D and H399D) significantly improved the acid tolerance of the enzyme with a prolonged half-life of 2.2 h (compared with wild-type BlALS of 0.8 h) at pH 4.0. Based on the analysis of homologous modeling, the positive charge area of the electrostatic potential on the protein surface and the number of hydrogen bonds near the active site increased, which helped BlALS<sup>N210D-H399D</sup> to withstand the acidic environment; this could extend its application in the food fermentation industry.
Topical Drug Treatment in Acne (1998)

The main part of acne treatment uses the topical route. More than 50% of acne patients belong to the group presenting with acne comedonica and papulopustulosa. Whenever small nodes or scarring occur, systemic comedication is indicated, however. Topical treatment affects at least three of the four main pathogenetic factors responsible for the development of acne, i.e. hyperseborrhea, hyperkeratosis, microbial colonization and inflammation. The agents currently available influence at least one of these factors but often have additional properties. Those which act in a comedolytic and anticomedogenic manner are the retinoids tretinoin, isotretinoin, adapalene and tazarotene and azelaic acid as well, some of the retinoids having additional anti-inflammatory potency. Azelaic acid has strong antibacterial potency without inducing bacterial resistance similar to benzoyl peroxide. Unfortunately, bacterial resistances are beginning to emerge as a significant problem. Propionibacterium acnes resistance to the commonly used erythromycin can also be transferred to clindamycin, whereas no resistance has been reported to nadifloxacin so far. Today, more and more evidence comes up that topical antiandrogenic agents will soon be available to treat the important factor seborrhea, because patients with marked hyperseborrhea frequently relapse. Finally, liposome encapsulation of agents including phospholipids can enhance penetration and efficacy but, particularly with regard to retinoids, can lead to higher absorption and adverse drug reactions.
Ultra-fine polyelectrolyte hydrogel fibres from poly(acrylic acid)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (2005)

Ultra-fine fibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning of aqueous mixtures of poly(acrylic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol) at 17%–83% PAA or 0.14–3.5 COOH/OH molar ratios and cross-linked by heat-induced (140 °C, 5 min) esterification. The fibre diameters increased from 270 to 450 nm with increasing PAA contents. The swelling ratio of the fibrous hydrogels increased up to 31 times their dry weight with increasing pH from 2 to 7, and most significantly between pH 4 and pH 5. The liquid uptake of the fibrous hydrogels was attributed to both the liquid diffused into the fibres and that held in the inter-fibre pores. About 53%, 35%, 43% and 37% of the swelling was contributed by the liquid in the inter-fibre pores when the fibrous hydrogels were swollen at pH 2, 4, 5 and 7, respectively. The fully swollen fibrous membranes could be triggered by an applied electric field to swell further. Such additional swelling was dependent upon the polymer compositions, strength of electric field and pH, and was reversible.
Potentiated muscular thermogenesis in cold-acclimated muscovy duckling (1985)

The capacity for nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) was examined in 26- to 27-day cold-acclimated (CA) muscovy ducklings reared for 21 days at 4 degrees C. Metabolic rate and integrated electromyographic (EMG) muscle activity were measured at ambient temperature ranging from -10 to 28 degrees C. Compared with controls reared at 30 degrees C, CA ducklings were more resistant to cold and had higher peak metabolic rate in extreme cold. Shivering threshold temperature of CA ducklings was 14.2 degrees C lower than lower critical temperature, whereas for controls the two temperatures were similar. Thus CA ducklings exhibited an NST in moderate cold. In addition, at temperatures that produced shivering, EMG activity in CA duckling muscle was lesser than that of controls, even at a higher metabolic rate. Because these ducklings are devoid of brown adipose tissue, these results indicated an increased thermogenic efficiency of muscular activity in CA ducklings.
Immunohistochemistry of enkephalins: model studies on hapten-carrier conjugates and fixation methods. (1992)

For immunohistochemical demonstration of the enkephalin octapeptide Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8, the peptide was conjugated with a carrier protein using either glutaraldehyde or 1-ethyl-3 (3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide as coupling agent. Antisera were raised in rabbits and their specificity was studied using the immunoblotting technique. The results suggest that glutaraldehyde selectively couples the amino terminus of the peptide to the carrier protein, while carbodiimide coupling produces a mixture of specificities. Accordingly, antiserum raised against the glutaraldehyde-induced conjugate specifically recognized the peptide carboxyl terminus and allowed immunohistochemical distinction of the octapeptide from other closely related opioid peptides, such as Leu5- and Met5-enkephalin, Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7, and Phe1-Met2-Arg3-Phe4-NH2. In contrast, antiserum raised against the carbodiimide-induced octapeptide conjugate showed a mixture of specificities. Addition of glutaraldehyde to the fixative enhanced octapeptide immunoreactivity in several tissues and revealed a previously unknown nerve system in the pituitary gland. These results support the idea that optimal immunohistochemical demonstration of small molecules, which requires conjugation to a carrier protein, is obtained when the coupling agent is included in the fixative so as to induce the actual coupling reaction during fixation.
A monolithic zinc-oxide–on–silicon p-n-diode storage correlator (1977)

A monolithic zinc-oxide–on–silicon p-n storage correlator has been constructed. When operated both as a convolver and as a storage correlator, the electronic efficiency obtained with this device is comparable to that of the present LiNbO3 airgap devices. This device has the potential of having very large dynamic range because of the absence of spurious bulk-wave generation, as occurs in the airgap device. Several signal-processing functions have been demonstrated with this new type of storage correlator. In one chirp correlation experiment, correlation of signals with a time-bandwith product of 4000 has been observed.
Simulation of flow across cancellous bone cubes to determine permeability (2005)

Proceedings of the 3rd IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2005