gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of gene therapy for citrullinaemia using murine and bovine models (1998)

Citrullinaemia is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by the deficiency of argininosuccinate synthase. The deficiency of this enzyme results in an interruption in the urea cycle and the inability to dispose of excess ammonia derived from the metabolism of protein. The only treatment for this disorder has been dietary restriction of protein and supplementation with medications allowing for alternative excretion of excess nitrogen. Gene therapy offers the possibility of a long-term cure for disorders like citrullinaemia by expressing the deficient gene in the target organ. We have explored the use of adenoviral vectors as a treatment modality for citrullinaemia in two animal models, a naturally occurring bovine model and a murine model created by molecular mutagenesis. Mice treated with adenoviral vectors expressing argininosuccinate synthase lived significantly longer than untreated animals (11 days vs 1 day; however, the animals did not exhibit normal weight gain during the experiment, indicating that the therapeutic effectiveness of the transducing virus was suboptimal. It is speculated that part of the failure to observe better clinical outcome might be due to the deficiency of arginine. In the bovine model, the use of adenoviral vectors did not result in any change in the clinical condition of the animals or in the level of plasma ammonia. However, the use of 15N isotopic ammonia allowed us to assess the flux of nitrogen through the urea cycle during the experiment. These studies revealed a significant increase in the flux through the urea cycle following administration of adenoviral vectors expressing argininosuccinate synthase. We conclude that the use of adenoviral vectors in the treatment of citrullinaemia is a viable approach to therapy but that it will be necessary to increase the level of transduction and to increase the level of enzyme produced from the recombinant viral vector. Future experiments will be designed to address these issues.
Implementación de un sistema de tratamiento con plasma para gases utilizando una celda de descarga de barrera dieléctrica (2014)

La utilización de las Descargas de Barrera de Dieléctrico, DBD, fue iniciada en Europa para la producción de ozono en el tratamiento de agua para el consumo humano. Desde entonces, el número de aplicaciones industriales de este tipo de descarga ha continuado aumentando. Actualmente las DBD son aplicadas con buenos resultados al control de la polución y tratamiento superficial de polímeros, con el fin de aumentar su facilidad de impresión y adhesión. La invención de la descarga luminiscente a presión atmosférica, basada en la DBD, ha impulsado trabajos teórico-experimentales para mejorar la comprensión de los mecanismos involucrados en ella. En este trabajo se realiza una descripción detallada del fenómeno DBD y se presenta la implementación de un sistema para el estudio del tratamiento con plasma de medios gaseosos. La funcionalidad del sistema desarrollado se verificó con aire, obteniéndose plasma visible a 12.31 kV y 27.2 kHz. Los resultados encontrados en la experimentación son consistentes con los reportados en la literatura.
Thermoelectric transport in coupled double layers with interlayer excitons and exciton condensation (2020)

Quantum Boltzmann formalism is employed to study the transport properties of strongly-coupled double layer systems that enable the formation of interlayer excitons and exciton condensation. The importance of exciton formation, dissociation, and condensation is highlighted in the context of thermoelectric power generation, and this mathematical inquiry provides an alternative methodology to calculate the thermoelectric efficiency given the conditions of exciton formation. The Onsager relation for the Coulomb drag resistivity is shown to be valid even when exciton condensation is present. In addition, it is found that the traditional thermoelectric figure of merit is no longer sufficient to predict the efficiency of thermoelectric power generation in the presented situations. This inquiry offers insights for designing double layer systems, including their interlayer interactions, with enhanced thermoelectric energy conversion efficiency.
Edge and bulk transport in the mixed state of a type-II superconductor (2002)

By comparing the voltage-current $(V\ensuremath{-}I)$ curves obtained before and after cutting a sample of 2H-${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{2},$ we separate the bulk and edge contributions to the transport current at various dissipation levels and derive their respective $V\ensuremath{-}I$ curves and critical currents. We find that the edge contribution is thermally activated across a current dependent surface barrier. By contrast the bulk $V\ensuremath{-}I$ curves are linear, as expected from the free flux flow model. The relative importance of bulk and edge contributions is found to depend on dissipation level and sample dimensions. We further show that the peak effect is a sharp bulk phenomenon and that it is broadened by the edge contribution.
A 0.5mW passive telemetry IC for biomedical applications (1997)

The radiated power received by a small coil in implantable telemetry systems is less than a milliwatt. This requires a very efficient RF to DC converter, as well as the lowest possible power consumption for the biomedical sensor and data acquisition/transmisson system. This paper describes the design of a BiCMOS integrated circuit that includes a low noise amplifier, a lowpass notch filter, an A/D converter, voltage doubler/rectifier as well as a low power voltage regulator. The entire system, including the 1.7kΩ MR bridge sensor, consumes only 520µW average power @3V.
Electrets In Engineering: Fundamentals and Applications (2011)

Preface. 1. Electret effect and electric technologies. 2. Traditional fields of electret application. 3. The principles of engineering electret materials development. 4. Electrets in anticorrosion technique. 5. Electrets in friction joints. 6. Electrets in sealing systems. 7. Biologycal and medical applications of electrets. 8. Ecological and economic aspects of electret Application. Index.
Using the Light Scattering Component of Optical Intrinsic Signals to Visualize In Vivo Functional Structures of Neural Tissues (2008)

Visualization of changes in reflected light from in vivo brain tissues reveals spatial patterns of neural activity. An important factor which influences the degree of light reflected includes the change in light scattering elicited by neural activation. Microstructures of neural tissues generally cause light scattering, and neural activities are associated with some changes in the microstructures. Here, we show that the optical properties unique to light scattering enable us to visualize spatial patterns of retinal activity non-invasively (FRG: functional retinography), and resolve functional structures in depth (fOCT: functional optical coherence tomography).
Neural network control of quadrotor UAV formations (2009)

In this paper, a novel framework for leader-follower formation control is developed for the control of multiple quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on spherical coordinates. The control objective for the follower UAV is to track its leader at a desired-separation, angle of incidence, and a bearing by using an auxiliary velocity control. Then, a novel neural network (NN) control law for the dynamical system is introduced to learn the complete dynamics of the UAV including unmodeled dynamics like aerodynamic friction. Additionally, the interconnection dynamic errors between the leader and its followers are explicitly considered, and the stability of the entire formation is demonstrated using Lyapunov theory. Numerical results verify the theoretical conjectures.
Business intelligence modeling in launch operations (2005)

The future of business intelligence in space exploration will focus on the intelligent system-of-systems real-time enterprise. In present business intelligence, a number of technologies that are most relevant to space exploration are experiencing the greatest change. Emerging patterns of set of processes rather than organizational units leading to end-to-end automation is becoming a major objective of enterprise information technology. The cost element is a leading factor of future exploration systems. This technology project is to advance an integrated Planning and Management Simulation Model for evaluation of risks, costs, and reliability of launch systems from Earth to Orbit for Space Exploration. The approach builds on research done in the NASA ARC/KSC developed Virtual Test Bed (VTB) to integrate architectural, operations process, and mission simulations for the purpose of evaluating enterprise level strategies to reduce cost, improve systems operability, and reduce mission risks. The objectives are to understand the interdependency of architecture and process on recurring launch cost of operations, provide management a tool for assessing systems safety and dependability versus cost, and leverage lessons learned and empirical models from Shuttle and International Space Station to validate models applied to Exploration. The systems-of-systems concept is built to balance the conflicting objectives of safety, reliability, and process strategy in order to achieve long term sustainability. A planning and analysis test bed is needed for evaluation of enterprise level options and strategies for transit and launch systems as well as surface and orbital systems. This environment can also support agency simulation based acquisition process objectives. The technology development approach is based on the collaborative effort set forth in the VTB's integrating operations, process models, systems and environment models, and cost models as a comprehensive disciplined enterprise analysis environment. Significant emphasis is being placed on adapting root cause from existing Shuttle operations to exploration. Technical challenges include cost model validation, integration of parametric models with discrete event process and systems simulations, and large-scale simulation integration. The enterprise architecture is required for coherent integration of systems models. It will also require a plan for evolution over the life of the program. The proposed technology will produce long-term benefits in support of the NASA objectives for simulation based acquisition, will improve the ability to assess architectural options verses safety/risk for future exploration systems, and will facilitate incorporation of operability as a systems design consideration, reducing overall life cycle cost for future systems.
Exclusion of linkage between the human apolipoprotein B gene and abetalipoproteinemia. (1990)

Abetalipoproteinemia (ABLP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by a lack of plasma apolipoprotein B (apo B). In this report, the hypothesis that ABLP is due to rare mutations in the apo B gene was tested. A total of eight ABLP families were studied. Apo B gene RFLPs were used to establish the haplotypes of the apo B alleles in family members. LOD score analysis was used to study the linkage between the apo B alleles and ABLP. These families were categorized arbitrarily as class I, II, III, or IV because of differences in the results derived from both haplotyping and LOD score analysis. In a class I family, affected siblings, who on the basis of the hypothesis would be expected to have the same apo B alleles, had different ones. LOD score analysis of this family gave an infinite negative number at a recombination fraction (theta) of zero. In two class II families, probands who were the result of consanguineous marriages and who, on the basis of the hypothesis, should be homozygotes for a defective apo B allele, were heterozygotes at this locus. The sum of the LOD scores from these two families was -1.7 at theta = 0. In one class III family, a parent was apparently homozygous for a particular apo B allele and yet not affected. This also contributed negatively to the LOD score. In four class IV families, disease inheritance was compatible with segregation of the apo B alleles. This, however, was not statistically significant (LOD score = 0.97 at theta = 0).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Safety Aspects of Design of Cylinders and Hyper-Compressors for LDPE (2004)

The cylinders of reciprocating compressors for low-density polyethylene are compound pressure vessels, although generally excluded by Pressure Vessels design codes. Safety is the most important design aspect to be taken into account, because of the very high loads, the extreme internal pressures and the nature of the process gas. The design must evaluate from the safety standpoint all possible failure modes of each component, so that the machine is absolutely safe, notwithstanding the highly severe working conditions. The means to allow a smooth and safe operation of the compressor is the control of overpressure and overloading. The use of innovative methods of simulation and modelling, together with new diagnostic systems with special features, allow very high safety levels, high availability and optimised maintenance procedures.
Open Balloon Tamponade and Hepatic Angiography for Hemorrhage Control of Transhepatic Gunshot Wounds in a Hybrid Trauma Operating Room Environment (2021)

The management of high-grade liver trauma is challenging and mortality rates are high. Balloon tamponade is a valuable tool for control of transhepatic penetrating injuries. We report three cases of hybrid management of penetrating liver trauma with balloon tamponade and hepatic angiography in a hybrid operating room environment. The combination of balloon tamponade with hepatic angioembolization provides an enhanced approach for the management of these injuries.
THE MEASUREMENT OF ABSOLUTE VISCOSITY BY THE USE OF CONCENTRIC CYLINDERS 1 (1929)

ABSTRACT A method is described for the measurement of absolute viscosities of liquids, employing the torque exerted upon a stationary inner cylinder or spindle, suspended by means of a torsion member into the center of a fluid, when the cylindrical container is given a uniform angular motion. The “true” viscosity of the castor oil, used as a test fluid, is found by extrapolating values of apparent viscosity, given by spindles of various lengths but equal radii, to that value corresponding to infinite length. For the oil being used, the viscosity at 20°C is given by this method as 9.67 poises. Using this as the true value, the effective length and thereby the end effect in terms of additional length may be found for any spindle in a liquid of given finite boundaries. The end correction to length, so determined for a spindle of 0.5 cm. radius by 10 cm. length in the center of a liquid of boundaries 3.2 cm. radius by 13 cm. height, a system similar to that used in measuring glass viscosities, was found to be 0.44 cm.
Data Supplement from Molecular Imaging with Bioluminescence and PET Reveals Viral Oncolysis Kinetics and Tumor Viability (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1: Tumor growth imaged with Rluc bioluminescence correlates with volumetric measurements from caliper readings. S1A: 4T1-Rluc tumor growth imaged with Rluc bioluminescence. The area of Rluc expression in the bilateral flank tumors increased over time. S1B: The Rluc signal intensities (expressed as mean net intensity/area +/- SD) increased, corresponding to tumor volume (expressed as the mean +/- SD) obtained with caliper measurements.&lt;/p&gt;
The Mini-open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (2005)

The mini-open approach for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion is described in detail. Operating room setup and surgical positioning are demonstrated. Our methods of retractor placement and techniques for optimal surgical exposure are discussed. The surgical technique used for decompression and fusion is presented in detail. The surgical pearls and pitfalls of the mini-open TLIF are described and illustrated.
New insights into the formation mechanism of Ag, Au and AgAu nanoparticles in aqueous alkaline media: alkoxides from alcohols, aldehydes and ketones as universal reducing agents (2015)

In this report we present new insights into the formation mechanism of Ag, Au and AgAu nanoparticles with alcohols, aldehydes and ketones in alkaline medium at room temperature. We selected methanol, ethanol, glycerol, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone to demonstrate their capability of reducing gold and silver ions under the above-mentioned conditions. We showed that the particles are also formed with potassium tert-butoxide in the absence of hydroxides. Our results strongly suggest that alkoxides, formed from any molecule containing a hydroxyl or a functional group capable of generating them in alkaline medium, are the actual and universal reducing agent of silver and gold ions, in opposition to the currently accepted mechanisms. The universality of the reaction mechanism proposed in this work may impact on the production of noble nanoparticles with simple chemicals normally found in standard laboratories.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATIVE‐SPALTUNG DES HAEM‐SYST., VIER ISOMERE BILIVERDINE DER IX‐REIHE (1970)

Abstract Umsetzung von Hämin (I) mit Ascorbinsäure/ Sauerstoff und Behandlung des Reaktionsproduktes mit methanolischer KOH und anschließend mit Bortrifluorid/Methanol liefert die vier isomeren Dimethylester (II)‐(V).
The Stapedius Reflex and Motor Reaction Time: A Parallel Investigation of the Effect of Drugs (1974)

The effect of pentymal, diazepam (Valium) and placebo on motor reaction time, (RT), threshold latency and rise time of the stapedius reflex has been studied in 18 normal hearing subjects. The results are presented in two ways. First the effects of the soporific and tranquilizer were compared with the normal values for RT, threshold, latency and rise time based on 2160 measurements. In all of ten different conditions Pentymal caused significant longer RT, in nine often conditions diazepam gave similar effect. Placebo resulted in prolonged RT in five of ten conditions. No significant effect could be demonstrated on the stapedius reflex. In the second part of the investigation the group difference between the measurements before and after drug ingestion was examined at every test session. The statistical tests have been carried out, based on paired comparisons for each subject under each drug condition. In only five of ten different conditions in this comparison did Pentymal give significant prolonged RT. Diazepam gave corresponding results in only four of ten conditions and placebo did not change RT. Nor was the stapedius reflex influenced. We conclude that both Pentymal and diazepam impair motor performance in some individuals and that the effect is variable and not obviously predictable. The stapedius reflex measure, on the other hand, appears insufficiently sensitive to evaluate the effects of these drugs in man.
In situ characterization of ALD processes and study of reaction mechanisms for high-k metal oxide formation (2014)

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is a thin film deposition method allowing the growth of highly conformal films with atomic level thickness and composition precision. For most of the ALD processes developed, the reaction mechanisms occurring at each step of the deposition remain unclear. Learning more about these reactions would help to control and optimize the existing growth processes and develop new ones more quickly. For that purpose, in situ methods such as quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) are used. These techniques present numerous advantages because they allow monitoring the thin film growth mechanisms directly during the process. Additionally, they do not require separate experiments or large amounts of precursors to test the efficiency of new processes and could be very effective means to monitor industrial processes in real time. \n\nThis thesis explores the most common in situ analytical methods used to study ALD processes. A review on the ALD metal precursors possessing ligands with nitrogen bonded to the metal center and their reactivity is provided. The results section reports the reaction mechanisms of ALD processes for the deposition of Nb2O5, Ta2O5, Li2SiO3, TiO2 and ZrO2. All the processes studied are using metal precursors with nitrogen bonded ligands and ozone or water for the deposition of high-k and other oxide films.
Acid-base properties of 1-methyl-1,4-dihydroborabenzene, CH3BC5H6 (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcid-base properties of 1-methyl-1,4-dihydroborabenzene, CH3BC5H6S. A. Sullivan, H. Sandford, J. L. Beauchamp, and A. J. Ashe IIICite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 12, 3737–3742Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00480a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00480a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the type accuracy of garbage collection (2000)

We describe a novel approach to obtaining type-accurate information for garbage collection in a hardware and language independent way. Our approach uses a run-time analysis to propagate pointer/non-pointer information from significant type events (such as allocation, which always returns a pointer). We use this technique to perform a detailed comparison of garbage collectors with different levels of accuracy and explicit deallocation on a range of C programs. We take advantage of the portability of our approach to conduct our experiments on three hardware platforms, Alpha/Digital UNIX 4.0D, Pentium/Linux 2.2, and SPARC/Solaris 2. We find that the choice of hardware platform (which includes the architecture, operating system, and libraries) greatly affects whether or not type accuracy enhances a garbage collector's ability to reclaim objects.
Lattice Model for the Drape and Bending Properties of Nonwoven Fabrics (2003)

A discrete lattice model is presented to study the factors controlling the bending stiffness of nonwoven fabrics. The approach lends itself very easily to a detailed study of the importance of bonding pattern, laydown nonuniformities, fiber length, and orientation distribution. We find that nonwovens with a three-dimensional fiber orientation distribu tion have a much lower bending stiffness that those with a planar distribution. Variations in fiber density across the fabric thickness are also of great importance. Thus, random variations due to nonuniformities in the laydown process typically increase the bending stiffness, whereas the latter can be considerably decreased by concentrating most of the fiber weight within the neutral (or mid-) plane of a fabric. Our results in the limit of full bonding are in good quantitative agreement with those obtained from Freeston and Platt's classic model.
Credentialing as a Commitment to Excellence (2013)

Author Affiliation: Executive Director, American Nurses Credentialing Center, Silver Spring, Maryland. The author declares no conflict of interest. Correspondence: Dr Drenkard, American Nurses Credentialing Center, 8515 Georgia Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910 ([email protected]).