gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drilling Waste Reduction and Improved HSE on Maersk Giant Utilising Revolutionary Lightweight Vacuum Conveyor System (2014)

Description of the Proposed Paper: Effective removal of contaminants from drilling fluids is widely accepted as a key factor in achieving optimum drilling performance and reducing fluid cost - but it also plays a critical role in minimizing environmental discharge. This paper describes the development, qualification, field testing and full scale systems results of arevolutionarysolids control solution that provides advances on several aspects that conventional equipment is infested with. The findings presented are based on results obtained on the full scale system utilized on Maersk Giant, located in the North Sea. Application: The introductionof the VCS system on Maersk Giant have demonstrated a substantial reduction in fluid adhesion on cuttings, improved filtration resulting in reduced operational cost. As the focus on HSE in the drilling environment continues to intensify, drilling technologies must adapt to meet governmental and industry standards. With the lightweight vacuum conveyer system (VCS)described here, operators now have a revolutionary way to handle drilling fluids and solids. Studies and field tests show that it provides a significant improvement in safety and environmental risks during drilling operations. Results, Observations, and Conclusions: This intelligent fluid management system makes a positive impact on HSE conditions for onshore and offshore workers in the following ways:Health benefits:Elimination of oil mist/vapor and chemical exposure to personnelElimination of vibration: No need for structural reinforcement because of weight and structural low frequency vibrationNoise reduced to 68 dBA, well below recommended NORSOK standard of 83 dBA (for 12 hours working day)Safety benefits:No gas (H2S) releasedEnvironmental benefits:Less mud discharge offshoreLess waste liability Significance of Subject Matter: Reducing waste, costs, and health, safety and environmental impacts are always top of mind within the petroleum industry. For decades, the same shaker technology was used with no viable alternative. Today, engineers can benefit from increased production, lower waste, cost and environmental impact with the MudCube. Deployment is easy, proven and effective - and the time to act is now.
R&D Directions for Next Generation Broadband Multimedia Systems: An ESA Perspective (2002)

The scope of the present paper is to outline ESA’s R&D directions for the development of new technologies required for future broadband satellite communication systems. The document outlines likely trends and technological issues that will need to be tackled in the medium and long term (e.g. 5 to 10 years) to improve by more than one order of magnitude satellite communication networks efficiency, thus increasing their economical appeal. It is shown that by timely developing in a co-ordinated fashion a number of techniques and technologies encompassing both ground and space segment it is possible to attain the ambitious target set forth above.
Oligonucleotide‐arrayed TFT photosensor applicable for DNA chip technology (2006)

A thin film transistor (TFT) photosensor fabricated by semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) technology was applied to DNA chip technology. The surface of the TFT photosensor was coated with TiO2 using a vapor deposition technique for the fabrication of optical filters. The immobilization of thiolated oligonucleotide probes onto a TiO2-coated TFT photosensor using gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and N-(gamma-maleimidobutyloxy) sulfosuccinimide ester (GMBS) was optimized. The coverage value of immobilized oligonucleotides reached a plateau at 33.7 pmol/cm2, which was similar to a previous analysis using radioisotope-labeled oligonucleotides. The lowest detection limits were 0.05 pmol/cm2 for quantum dot and 2.1 pmol/cm2 for Alexa Fluor 350. Furthermore, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection was examined using the oligonucleotide-arrayed TFT photosensor. A SNP present in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene was used as a target. The SNPs in ALDH2*1 and ALDH2*2 target DNA were detected successfully using the TFT photosensor. DNA hybridization in the presence of both ALDH2*1 and ALDH2*2 target DNA was observed using both ALDH2*1 and ALDH2*2 detection oligonucleotides-arrayed TFT photosensor. Use of the TFT photosensor will allow the development of a disposable photodetecting device for DNA chip systems.
Robust Ultra-Wideband Signal Acquisition (2008)

Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication is envisaged to be deployed in indoor environments, where the noise distribution is decidedly non-Gaussian. A critical challenge for impulse radio UWB is the synchronization of nanosecond-long pulses. In this paper, we propose two acquisition schemes which are robust to uncertainties in the noise distribution and which operate directly on samples taken at symbol-rate. The only channel state information that the algorithms need can be obtained by estimation of an aggregate channel gain, avoiding channel-related complications. Following Huber's M-estimates for the Gaussian mixture noise model, the proposed robust acquisition systems outperform their traditional counterparts designed according to the Gaussian noise assumption. Necessary modifications for operation under multiple access interference are also introduced. Theoretical and simulation-based performance evaluations that reflect the asymptotic variance, normalized mean-square error and the bit error rates demonstrate the gains offered by the robust procedures.
Hypertriglyceridemic mice transgenic for the human apolipoprotein C-III gene are neither insulin resistant nor hyperinsulinemic. (1994)

Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and in vivo and in vitro estimates of insulin action were compared in hypertriglyceridemic apolipoprotein C-III transgenic mice (mean +/- SE triglyceride concentration = 11.8 +/- 0.9 mmol/l) and their normotriglyceridemic (1.1 +/- 0.1 mmol/l) littermates. There were no differences in the glucose (8.9 +/- 0.2 vs. 9.3 +/- 0.5 mmol/l) or insulin (172 +/- 21 vs. 203 +/- 17 pmol/l) concentrations of the transgenic and control mice, respectively. Steady-state plasma glucose concentrations at the end of a 150-min period of physiological hyperinsulinemia were also similar in transgenic (6.2 +/- 0.5 mmol/l) and control mice (6.7 +/- 0.5 mmol/l). As the steady-state plasma insulin levels were essentially identical in the two groups (approximately 1000 pmol/l), these results show that whole body insulin-mediated glucose disposal was unchanged in the transgenic mice. Finally, values for isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis, insulin-inhibition of lipolysis, and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal were similar in adipocytes isolated from transgenic and control mice. It can be concluded from these data that insulin resistance does not develop in hypertriglyceridemic mice transgenic for the human apolipoprotein C-III gene.
Two Decades of Negative Thermal Expansion Research: Where Do We Stand? (2012)

Negative thermal expansion (NTE) materials have become a rapidly growing area of research over the past two decades. The initial discovery of materials displaying NTE over a large temperature range, combined with elucidation of the mechanism behind this unusual property, was followed by predictions that these materials will find use in various applications through controlled thermal expansion composites. While some patents have been filed and devices built, a number of obstacles have prevented the widespread implementation of NTE materials to date. This paper reviews NTE materials that contract due to transverse atomic vibrations, their potential for use in controlled thermal expansion composites, and known problems that could interfere with such applications.
4 6‐Dimethylenetricyclo[3.3.0.03,7]octane‐2‐one and 2,4,6‐Trimethylenetricyclo[3.3.0.03,7]octane (1989)

Following the synthesis of the “stelladienes” 1 and 2 it has now been possible to prepare the triene 3 in five steps from readily accessible starting compounds. The highly strained triene 3 has two 1,5-hexadiene units and readily rearranges into the tricyclo[5.2.1.04,10] decadiene derivative 4.
Diversity of Chromosomal Karyotypes in Maize and Its Relatives (2010)

Maize is a highly diverse species on the gene sequence level. With the recent development of methods to distinguish each of the 10 pairs of homologues in somatic root tip spreads, a wide collection of maize lines was subjected to karyotype analysis to serve as a reference for the community and to examine the spectrum of chromosomal features in the species. The core nested association mapping progenitor collection and additional selections of diversity lines were examined. Commonly used inbred lines were included in the analysis. The centromere 4 specific repeat and ribosomal RNA loci were invariant. The CentC centromere repeat exhibited extensive differences in quantity on any particular chromosome across lines. Knob heterochromatin was highly variable with locations at many sites in the genome. Lastly, representative examples from other species in the genus Zea (teosintes) were examined, which provide information on the evolution of chromosomal features.
Educação e Alfabetização: contribuições da abordagem psicogenética para a pesquisa (2020)

Esse Dossiê se inscreve em um conjunto de ações articuladas entre diversas Universidades da América Latina, em prol do fortalecimento da discussão sobre a alfabetização entendida como o ingresso nas culturas do escrito. Os trabalhos aqui apresentados tomam como referência as contribuições das investigações psicolinguísticas no âmbito da abordagem psicogenética propostas inicialmente por Emilia Ferreiro, responsável por inaugurar um novo campo teórico a partir de uma perspectiva de investigação original, tanto pela sua proposta metodológica como pelos resultados que dela surgiram.
In situ synthesis of reagents in paper-based analytical devices using paper stacking (2022)

This article demonstrates a technique for the in situ synthesis of an insoluble reagent in microfluidic paper analytical devices (μPADs). We demonstrate it's application in distance-based chloride ion measurement using paper stacking.<br><br>The publisher's final version of this work can be found at https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ay00924b. <br><br>Deposited by shareyourpaper.org and openaccessbutton.org. We've taken reasonable steps to ensure this content doesn't violate copyright. However, if you think it does you can request a takedown by emailing help@openaccessbutton.org.
Taylor Cone (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Forensic Use of A Subtropical Blowfly: The First Case Indicating MinimumPostmortemInterval (mPMI) in Southern Brazil and First Record ofSarconesia Chlorogasterfrom a Human Corpse (2014)

Southern Brazil is unique due to its subtropical climate. Here, we report on the first forensic entomology case and the first record of Sarconesia chlorogaster (Wiedemann) in a human corpse in this region. Flies' samples were collected from a body indoors at 20°C. Four species were found, but only Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) and S. chlorogaster were used to estimate the minimum postmortem interval (mPMI). The mPMI was calculated using accumulated degree hour (ADH) and developmental time. The S. chlorogaster puparium collected was light in color, so we used an experiment to establish a more accurate estimate for time since initiation of pupation where we found full tanning after 3 h. Development of C. albiceps at 20°C to the end of the third instar is 7.4 days. The mPMI based on S. chlorogaster (developmental time until the third instar with no more than 3 h of pupae development) was 7.6 days.
An Authentication System Based on Palmprint (2009)

In this paper, palmprint based authentication is presented. The palmprint image is acquired using an acquisition system developed at IIT Delhi. The Region of interest (ROI) is extracted from the palmprint image by finding a tangent of curves between fingers. The perpendicular bisector of this tangent divides the rectangular area enclosing the palmprint into two equal parts. The features extracted from the ROIs are used for matching. Two approaches are suggested for the feature extraction. In the first approach the ROI is divided into a suitable number of non-overlapping windows from which fuzzy features are extracted. In the second approach multi-scale wavelet decomposition is applied on the ROI and the detail images are combined to yield a superimposed image which is partitioned into non-overlapping windows. From these windows energy feature is extracted. The two sets features are used to determine the genuine and impostor scores. The results on 125 users show 99.2% with fuzzy feature and 94.4% with wavelet based feature.
Surface energy control techniques for photomask fabrication and their characterizations with scanning probe microscopy (2008)

Most of photomask issues such as pattern collapse, HAZE, and cleaning damage relate to behavior of mask surfaces. Therefore it is coming to be important to control surface energy in photomask processes. Especially adhesion analysis in micro region is strongly desired to optimize material and process designs in photomask fabrication. Quantitative measurements of adhesive forces of resists on photomask blanks were realized with scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques. Then surface energy on photomask blanks was able to be controlled by modification with some silanization reagents. In addition, adhesive forces of resists on surfaces modified with some silanes were able to be also controlled. The SPM method is proved to be effective for measuring adhesive energy of micro patterns on photomask blanks.
Piezoresistive Carbon-based Hybrid Sensor for Body-Mounted Biomedical Applications (2017)

For body-mounted sensor applications, the evolution of soft condensed matter sensor (SCMS) materials offer conformability andit enables mechanical compliance between the body surface and the sensing mechanism. A piezoresistive hybrid sensor and compliant meta-material sub-structure provided a way to engineer sensor physical designs through modification of the mechanical properties of the compliant design. A piezoresistive fiber sensor was produced by combining a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) matrix with Carbon Black (CB) particles in 1:1 mass ratio. Feedstock was extruded in monofilament fiber form (diameter of 300 microns), resulting in a highly stretchable sensor (strain sensor range up to 100%) with linear resistance signal response.&lt;br/&gt;\nThe soft condensed matter sensor was integrated into a hybrid design including a 3D printed metamaterial structure combined with a soft silicone. An auxetic unit cell was chosen (with negative Poisson's Ratio) in the design in order to combine with the soft silicon, which exhibits a high Poisson's Ratio. The hybrid sensor design was subjected to mechanical tensile testing up to 50% strain (with gauge factor calculation for sensor performance), and then utilized for strain-based sensing applications on the body including gesture recognition and vital function monitoring including blood pulse-wave and breath monitoring. A 10 gesture Natural User Interface (NUI) test protocol was utilized to show the effectiveness of a single wrist-mounted sensor to identify discrete gestures including finger and hand motions. These hand motions were chosen specifically for Human Computer Interaction (HCI) applications. The blood pulse-wave signal was monitored with the hand at rest, in a wrist-mounted. In addition different breathing patterns were investigated, including normal breathing and coughing, using a belt and chest-mounted configuration.
Differential Reinforcing Effects of Cocaine and GBR-12909: Biochemical Evidence for Divergent Neuroadaptive Changes in the Mesolimbic Dopaminergic System (1996)

The dopamine (DA) transporter is thought to be the primary mediator of reinforcing effects of cocaine. In the present study, an intravenous drug self-administration procedure, in vitro autoradiography, and HPLC methods were used to investigate possible differences in reinforcing and neuroadaptive responses to cocaine versus GBR-12909, a selective inhibitor of the DA transporter with a postulated therapeutic use in cocaine abuse. Drug-naive rats readily acquired and subsequently maintained cocaine self-administration behavior during 2 hr daily sessions over a prolonged period. In contrast, although GBR-12909 was initially self-administered, both cocaine-naive and cocaine-trained rats failed to maintain self-administration behavior for GBR-12909 over prolonged periods of time. After self-administration responding decreased with GBR-12909, rats showed a delay of 6.6 ± 1.3 sessions in reacquiring consistent cocaine self-administration. Moreover, when GBR-12909 was again substituted for cocaine, they failed to self-administer GBR-12909, even during the initial days of testing. In contrast, after extinction of self-administration responding by water substitution, rats readily self-administered both cocaine and GBR-12909. Cocaine self-administration upregulated DA transporters, whereas water-substituted cocaine withdrawal upregulated both DA transporters and D1 receptors. Unlike cocaine, GBR-12909 self-administration by itself altered neither DA transporters nor D1 or D2 receptors. Nevertheless, substitution of GBR-12909 for cocaine reversed the cocaine-induced upregulation of DA transporters and reduced DA and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid levels in the mesolimbic system. These data suggest that cocaine and GBR-12909 differentially affect dopaminergic systems and also cause different reinforcing and neuroadaptive effects. GBR-12909-like compounds may be useful pharmacotherapeutic agents for cocaine addiction. Upregulation of DA transporters and D1 receptors might play important roles in the neuroadaptive cascade that leads to cocaine addiction and withdrawal.
TU‐FF‐A3‐06: Dose Calculation in Presence of a Metallic Object Using Megavoltage Cone‐Beam CT (2006)

Purpose: CT image artefacts caused by the presence of metallic objects hinder organ delineation and preclude precise dose calculation. In contrast, the presence of high atomic number material has relatively little impact on the image quality of Megavoltage Cone‐beam CT (MVCBCT). The objective of this work was to determine if MVCBCT could be used for accurate dose calculation in the presence of metallic objects. Material: Experiments were performed with a 16cm diameter cylindrical water‐equivalent phantom. MVCBCT and kVCT images of the phantom were acquired with and without a 1.5 cm diameter steel rod (3 mm wall thickness) sitting on the phantom. Using a treatment planning system, dose distributions were calculated for a 6 MV 10 cm square field AP beam for these configurations. Dose measurements were performed using an ion chamber placed at isocenter and mosfet detectors placed at 35 locations in the phantom. Measured and calculated dose values were compared. Results: Without metal, dose calculated in the phantom using either the kVCT or the MVCBCT image corrected for cupping artefact were all within 2% of each other and of the measured values, showing the ability to use the MVCBCT for dose calculation. In the presence of the metallic object, erroneous density values, around the rod, made dose calculation on the kVCT unreliable. MVCBCT provided correct density values (within 5%) and differences between measured and calculated dose values were on average 3.2% (SD 3.4%). The two largest differences (10.6% and 8.9%) were found in a high dose gradient region below the rod. Conclusion: MVCBCT can be used in a treatment planning system for dose calculation in the presence of metallic objects. Results for non‐cylindrical geometries will also be presented. This research is supported by Siemens.
A Comparison of Reference Method Values for Calcium, Lithium and Magnesium with Method-Dependent Assigned Values (1989)

Commercially available control sera were analysed by the reference methods for calcium, lithium and magnesium. Calcium: The mean deviation of the target values for routine flame atomic absorption spectrometry from the reference method values was -1.2%, in the case of flame atomic emission spectrometry -0.1%. The assigned values of determinations by methylthymol blue and cresolphthalein showed a positive bias: +2.3 and +2.2%. Lithium: Target values for routine flame atomic absorption spectrometry and flame atomic emission spectrometry were in generally good agreement with the reference method values (deviation +1.7% and +0.7%), although the differences were dependent on concentration. Magnesium: The assigned values for routine flame atomic absorption spectrometry yielded a mean bias of -0.4% from the reference method value. The target values for absorption spectrometry after reaction with Magon and Calmagite, however, differed by +8.2% and +9.3% on average. These methods seem to be less suitable for the determination of magnesium in serum than FAAS and would have failed several times to meet the requirements of quality assessment.
Ionic Liquids as a New Reaction Medium for Oxidase—Peroxidase‐Catalyzed Sulfoxidation. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
MnOx Catalysts Modified By Nonthermal Plasma For NO Catalytic Oxidation (2012)

Nonthermal plasma modification (NTPM) has been applied to MnOx catalysts for the catalytic oxidation of nitrogen oxide (NO) at low temperature (50–250 °C), and much higher NO conversion was obtained over the nonthermal plasma-treated catalysts. These modified catalysts were characterized in different ways—scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)—and the results can help us to understand the effect of the plasma treatment. The results showed that the surface active sites of these catalysts were enhanced with the treatment of plasma, which improved the dispersion of catalysts. In addition, after NTPM, a considerable amount of deposition with limited depths appeared on the MnOx surface, the average pore size was slightly enlarged, and the pore size distributions of the MnOx became wider. Also, XPS results revealed that the NTPM could increase the oxygen, nitrogen, and kalium functional groups on the catalyst’s surface which contributed to a higher activity for NO catalytic oxidation at low temperature. Our investigation results indicate that nonthermal plasma treatment is an effective way to manipulate catalyst surface properties for NO catalytic oxidation.