gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autologous mesenchymal stem cell–derived dopaminergic neurons function in parkinsonian macaques (2012)

A cell-based therapy for the replacement of dopaminergic neurons has been a long-term goal in Parkinson's disease research. Here, we show that autologous engraftment of A9 dopaminergic neuron-like cells induced from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) leads to long-term survival of the cells and restoration of motor function in hemiparkinsonian macaques. Differentiated MSCs expressed markers of A9 dopaminergic neurons and released dopamine after depolarization in vitro. The differentiated autologous cells were engrafted in the affected portion of the striatum. Animals that received transplants showed modest and gradual improvements in motor behaviors. Positron emission tomography (PET) using [11C]-CFT, a ligand for the dopamine transporter (DAT), revealed a dramatic increase in DAT expression, with a subsequent exponential decline over a period of 7 months. Kinetic analysis of the PET findings revealed that DAT expression remained above baseline levels for over 7 months. Immunohistochemical evaluations at 9 months consistently demonstrated the existence of cells positive for DAT and other A9 dopaminergic neuron markers in the engrafted striatum. These data suggest that transplantation of differentiated autologous MSCs may represent a safe and effective cell therapy for Parkinson's disease.
WIRELESS DISTRIBUTED ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY – WDA-NIRS (2013)

The wireless distributed acquisition system for near infrared spectroscopy (WDA-NIRS) is a portable, ultra-compact, continuous wave (CW) NIRS system. Its main advantage is that it allows continuous synchronized multi-site hemodynamic monitoring. The WDA-NIRS system calculates online changes in hemoglobin concentration based on modified Beer–Lambert law and the tissue oxygenation index based on the spatial-resolved spectroscopy method. It consists of up to seven signal acquisition units, sufficiently small to be easily attached to any part of the body. These units are remotely synchronized by a PC base station for independent acquisition of NIRS signals. Each acquisition module can be freely adapted to individual requirements such as local skin properties and the microcirculation of interest, e.g., different muscles, brain, skin, etc. For this purpose, the light emitted by each LED can be individually, interactively or automatically adjusted to local needs. Furthermore, the user can freely create an emitter time-multiplexing protocol and choose the detector sensitivity most suitable to a particular situation. The potential diagnostic value of this advanced device is demonstrated by three typical applications.
Determination of Cobalt in Seawater by Catalytic Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry (1997)

A new procedure for the direct determination of picomolar levels of cobalt in seawater is presented. Cathodic stripping voltammetry is preceded by adsorptive accumulation of the cobalt-nioxime (cyclohexane-1,2-dione dioxime) complex from seawater containing 6 μM nioxime and 80 mM ammonia at pH 9.1, onto a hanging mercury drop electrode, followed by reduction of the adsorbed species. The reduction current is catalytically enhanced by the presence of 0.5 M nitrite. Optimized conditions for cobalt include a 30 s adsorption period at -0.7 V and a voltammetric scan using differential pulse modulation. According to the proposed reaction mechanism, dissolved Co(II) is oxidized to Co(III) upon addition of nioxime and high concentrations of ammonia and nitrite; a mixed Co(III)-ammonia-nitrite complex is adsorbed on the electrode surface; the Co(III) is reduced to Co(II) (complexed by nioxime) during the voltammetric scan, followed by its chemical reoxidation by the nitrite, initiating a catalytically enhanced current. A detection limit of 3 pM cobalt (at an adsorption period of 60 s) enables the detection of this metal in uncontaminated seawater using a very short adsorption time. UV digestion of seawater is essential, as part of the cobalt may occur strongly complexed by organic matter and rendered nonlabile. The method was applied successfully to the determination of the distribution of cobalt in the water column of the Mediterranean.
Digital beam forming for radar (1980)

Development of digital methods for antenna beam forming in the receiving mode of a radar can be advantageous in providing the system with a high degree of flexibility in ‘beam-pattern management’ for countering e.c.m. and providing multiple functions efficiently. The justification for incorporating digital methods and various possible arrangements are discussed first. The main body of the paper is a review of the mathematical basis for operating in the digital domain, and includes an analysis of the main causes of error so that a broad assessment of the precision of the method, compared with more conventional and better documented types, can be made. The relationship between complexity of realisation on the one hand, with signal bandwidth, number of elements and number of simultaneous beams on the other, is also discussed. In this context brief comments are made on anticipated advances in device technology. The function of controlling the beam-formation process is summarised from the point of view of allowing corrections to the weight values in real time to be made to compensate for errors in the antenna, its feeds and the multiple receiving channels, and providing an adaptive control of the beam patterns to optimise performance against jamming. The paper ends with a description of the operation of a small experimental digital beam former.
On automatic similarity linking in digital libraries (2002)

Hypertext links are a powerful extension of standard information retrieval techniques based on query languages. However the generation of links is often impractical due to large manual and/or computational effort. We analyze the effects of two main approaches that aim at a restriction of the necessary efforts: the direct use of OCR-processed documents instead of manually post-processed, i.e. corrected documents; and the use of shorter excerpts of documents instead of complete documents. For our tests, similarity links were computed based on the vector-space model; the links that are generated based on unmodified OCR documents and excerpts of documents are then compared to those links that are generated based on complete documents without OCR errors.
ChemInform Abstract: A Stereoselective Darzen′s Condensation for the Preparation of Fluorinated 2,3‐Epoxyesters and 2,3‐Epoxyketones. (1989)

Abstract Darzen's condensation of chlorofluoromethyl carbonyl compounds with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of bovine serum albumin gives 2,3‐epoxyketones possessing a fluorine atom (12 examples; yield: 44‐74%).
Fracture Behaviors of pp/mPE Thermoplastic Vulcanizates Via Silane Crosslinking (2008)

We prepared silane cured PP/metallocene polyethylene to form a thermoplastic vulcanizate. Metallocene polyethylenes (mPE) with two different levels of comonomer contents were grafted with various amounts of vinyltriethoxy silane. Thermal behaviors remained largely unchanged for PP, indicating a dominant effect of cured mPE domains on mechanical properties for the vulcanizates. Tensile strength decreased with increasing the levels of silane concentrations but leveled off at higher silane concentrations at all test temperatures. Tear strength generally decreased with reduced energy dissipation at higher degrees of cure. By relating tensile strength to tear strength, the corrected depth of flaw was ca. 85±8μm which was about twice higher than the natural flaw size of 40±20μm obtained from several different approaches for conventional elastomer, but comparable for other types of thermoplastic vulcanizates. The application of Rivlin and Thomas's theory for this newly developed TPV should be cautious due to its limitation. A further modification of previous theory for thermoplastic elastomers is necessary. The crack tip diameter (effective diameters of fracture zones) deduced from intrinsic energy density and tear strength gave a similar order in comparison with several materials.
Two different regions of Phosphoglycoprotein are photoaffinity-labeled by azidopine (1989)

Cells that express P-glycoprotein are resistant to many unrelated anticancer drugs. All evidence suggests that P-glycoprotein is a plasma membrane protein that confers multidrug resistance by actively transporting these cytotoxic drugs out of cells. The objective of our work is to locate drug binding sites on P-glycoprotein. Azidopine is a photoaffinity drug analog that specifically labels P-glycoprotein. To determine the region of P-glycoprotein that binds azidopine, we labeled P-glycoprotein with azidopine and digested the labeled protein into fragments. We then identified the labeled fragments with specific antibodies. We have determined that azidopine labels two different regions of P-glycoprotein: one region is in the amino half of P-glycoprotein, and the other is in the carboxyl half of the protein. Our results suggest that P-glycoprotein contains either two binding sites for azidopine or a single site formed by the two homologous halves of the protein.
Sécurité en cryogénie (2015)

Découvrez les moyens de mettre en œuvre la sécurité de tout système cryogénique dans sa phase d’exploitation, mais aussi lors d’une surpression accidentelle des appareils sous pression. Le choix de la conception et le dimensionnement des organes de sécurité sont deux éléments fondamentaux de la méthode.
Linkage analysis using heterozygote detection in phenylketonuria (1979)

This linkage investigation was undertaken utilizing an improved method for phenylketonuria (PKU) heterozygote detection. This method is based on studies of semi-fasting, noon-time, blood specimens obtained from 85 obligate heterozgotes and 45 controls who were neither pregnant nor on birth control medication. The best separation between heterozygotes and normals was achieved with a discriminant function involving the logarithms of the serum concentrations of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan. The theoretical overlap area between the distributions of heterozygotes and controls, based on the above function, was between the distributions of heterozygotes and controls, based on the above function, was 3.75%. In 19 obligate heterozygotes and 13 controls who were either pregnant or on birth control medication, the best separation was achieved with a discriminant function involving the logarithms of the serum concentrations of phenylalanine and tyrosine. The theoretical overlap area was 8.23%. These equations identified heterozygotes with sufficient accuracy to permit efficient genetic linkage analysis. We were unable to demonstrate genetic linkage between the PKU locus and 15 common blood, serum, and urinary markers. All but loose linkage (theta greater than 0.3) was excluded for Rh, ABO, Gc, Kidd, and AP. Moderate linkage exclusion (theta less than 0.2) was shown for PGM, Duffy, Hp, MNS, HL--A, and Kell. Close linkage (theta less than 0.1) was excluded for Amy2, 6PGD, P, and ADA. We were unable to find linkage heterogeneity between the Amish and non-Amish populations.
Anti-angiogenin Activity of the Peptides Complementary to the Receptor-binding Site of Angiogenin (1997)

Angiogenesis promotes growth and metastasis of tumor cells. In this study, we have developed two peptide antagonists of human angiogenin by deducing the codes from the antisense RNA sequence corresponding to the receptor-binding site of angiogenin in either 5' --> 3' (chANG) or 3' --> 5' (chGNA) direction. chANG and chGNA peptides bind to angiogenin with specificity and high affinity (Kd approximately 44 nM) and inhibit the interaction of angiogenin with actin, which is regarded as the angiogenin-binding protein on the surface of endothelial cells. The peptides inhibit the neovascularization induced by angiogenin in the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. The anti-angiogenic activity of the peptides is specific for angiogenin, and the peptides do not have any apparent effect on embryonic angiogenesis or the preexisting blood vessels. chANG and chGNA also inhibit the angiogenesis induced by the angiogenin-secreting PC 3 human prostate adenocarcinoma cells and have no direct effect on the proliferation as well as the adhesion of PC 3 cells to angiogenin. Therefore, the inhibition of the tumor-induced angiogenesis by the peptides is most likely caused by neutralization of the extracellular angiogenin secreted by PC 3 cells. Based on our results, chANG and chGNA peptides may be effective for treatment of various human tumors which secrete angiogenin.
A triple energy window scatter subtraction approach for quantitative anger camera imaging of iodine-131 (1994)

Dose estimates for organs and tumor volumes in radioimmunotherapy with I-131 frequently depend on in-vivo quantitation methods using planar Anger camera images. Compton scatter and collimator septal penetration result in overestimation of activity and dose. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a triple energy window subtraction method for quantitative imaging of I-131. The energy spectrum of I-131 was modeled as a superposition of the spectra of Cr-51 (320 keV) and Cs-137 (662 keV). Images were acquired with three adjacent 15% energy windows--photopeak(PP), upper scatter(US), and lower scatter(LS)--for small sources of these radionuclides. The PP window was centered at 364 keV for I-131 and Cs-137 and 320 keV for Cr-51. Three scatter multipliers were derived from analysis of count profiles of the Cs-137 and Cr-51 images, and used to sequentially remove septal penetration and scatter events included in the 364 keV photopeak of I-131. This method was tested by acquiring images of an abdominal phantom containing a liver, spleen and spherical {open_quotes}tumor{close_quotes} filled with different concentrations of I-131, both with and without background activity in the surrounding phantom. A body thickness attenuation compensation factor was applied to the geometric mean of the conjugate view counts using more » a narrow beam linear attenuation coefficient of 0.11 cm{sup -1}. With scatter subtraction, the accuracy and reproducibility of activity quantitation was improved because the background count density was more uniformly scored. Also, the influence of different activity concentrations in source organs relative to background on the accuracy of quantitation was removed, and the perimeters of organs were more clearly defined. This method has been used to provide improved dose estimates for I-131 labeled antibody therapy in breast cancer patients. « less
Visual inspection on paper by machine vision (2003)

There are several important standard laboratory experiments for determining the quality of produced paper in the paper making industry. To know the quality is essential since it defines the use of paper for various purposes. Moreover, customers are expecting a certain degree of quality. Many of paper printability tests are based on off-line visual inspection. Currently these tests are done by printing test marks on a piece of paper and then observing the quality by a human evaluator. In this report visual inspection on paper by machine vision is discussed from a point of off-line industrial measurements. The work focuses on the following paper printability problems: missing dots (Heliotest), print dot density, unevenness of printing image, surface strength (IGT), ink setting, linting, fiber counting, and digital printing. Compared to visual inspection by human evaluation, automated machine vision systems could offer several useful advantages: less deviations in measurements, better measurement accuracy, new printability parameters, shorter measurement times, less manpower to monotonic measurements, many quality parameters by one system, and automatic data transfer to mill level information systems. Current results with paper and board samples indicate that human evaluators could be replaced. However, further research is needed since the printability problems vary mill by mill, there is a large number of various paper and board samples, and the relationships between off-line and on-line measurements must be considered.
An Introductory Tutorial on Cardiovascular Pharmacogenetics for Healthcare Providers (2023)

Pharmacogenetics can improve clinical outcomes by reducing adverse drug effects and enhancing therapeutic efficacy for commonly used drugs that treat a wide range of cardiovascular diseases. One of the major barriers to the clinical implementation of cardiovascular pharmacogenetics is limited education on this field for current healthcare providers and students. The abundance of pharmacogenetic literature underscores its promise, but it can also be challenging to learn such a wealth of information. Moreover, current clinical recommendations for cardiovascular pharmacogenetics can be confusing because they are outdated, incomplete, or inconsistent. A myriad of misconceptions about the promise and feasibility of cardiovascular pharmacogenetics among healthcare providers also has halted clinical implementation. Therefore, the main goal of this tutorial is to provide introductory education on the use of cardiovascular pharmacogenetics in clinical practice. The target audience is any healthcare provider (or student) with patients that use or have indications for cardiovascular drugs. This tutorial is organized into the following 6 steps: (1) understand basic concepts in pharmacogenetics; (2) gain foundational knowledge of cardiovascular pharmacogenetics; (3) learn the different organizations that release cardiovascular pharmacogenetic guidelines and recommendations; (4) know the current cardiovascular drugs/drug classes to focus on clinically and the supporting evidence; (5) discuss an example patient case of cardiovascular pharmacogenetics; and (6) develop an appreciation for emerging areas in cardiovascular pharmacogenetics. Ultimately, improved education among healthcare providers on cardiovascular pharmacogenetics will lead to a greater understanding for its potential in improving outcomes for a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.
Fabrication of Nanoparticles by Electron-Beam-Induced Dewetting from Thin Au Film(Machine Elements and Manufacturing) (2009)

Nanoparticles formation has been studied by means of electron-beam-induced dewetting using thin Au metal films on smooth SiO_2/Si substrates. When the Au films are irradiated with the electron-beam, the Au films are broken up into dispersed nanoparticles attached on the substrates. The characteristic distances between nanoparticles are closely related with the thickness of Au. We have also developed the techniques for the generation of periodically arranged nanoparticles. Two-dimensionally, periodically arranged Au nanoparticles with a pitch of 50nm were obtained. In addition, we also fabricated Au nanoparticles over large area on smooth synthetic quartz substrates. We revealed optical properties of Au nanoparticles on smooth synthetic quartz substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Synthesis of Aureolic Acid Antibiotics: Acyloin Glycosidation Studies. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optimizing Performance of Co-Existing Underlay Secondary Networks (2018)

In this paper, we analyze sum throughput and (asymptotic) sum ergodic rate performance of two co-existing downlink multiuser underlay secondary networks employing either fixed-rate transmission (FRT) or (channel aware) adaptive rate transmission (ART). In the considered scenario in which two secondary sources may transmit simultaneously, intelligent apportioning the interference temperature limit (ITL) is vital. We consider cases when this ITL apportioning is based on statistical properties of the channels, or on full (or partial) knowledge of the channel gains. For these cases, proper network management (NM) strategies are evolved to maximize sum throughput or sum ergodic rate of the secondary networks. Each NM strategy determines whether both secondary sources should transmit concurrently or not, and also determines their transmit powers. We demonstrate that a channel aware NM strategy is superior to an optimal fixed NM strategy. With secondary sources employing non-opportunistic user selection, in case of FRT (ART), we demonstrate that there exists a critical target-rate (ITL) below which it is advantageous to operate both secondary networks concurrently. We present closed form expressions of critical parameters that influence sum throughput and sum ergodic rate. Computer simulations are presented to corroborate the derived expressions.
ChemInform Abstract: UMWANDLUNG VON ALDOXIMEN IN NITRILE, VERWENDUNG VON CHLORTHIOFORMIATEN (1970)

Abstract p‐Chlorphenyl‐chlorthioformiat (I) dehydratisiert unter milden Bedingungen aliphatische und aromatische Aldoxime, z.B. (II),über das vermutete O‐Acyl‐ Derivat (III) im Sinne einer Retro‐en‐Reaktion zu den Nitrilen (IV) in Ausbeuten zwischen 40 und 70%.
GaN FEA diode with integrated anode (1997)

GaN field emission pyramids are grown by a self-limiting, selective-area metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Thc self limitation ensures high uniformity of the resulting pyramids and the selective-area growth allows one to define regular arrays of GaN pyramids ,for FEAs. Fabrication of an integrated anode lowered the operating voltage of the FEAs by narrowing the anode-cathode distance compared to devices with an external anode. A maximum emission current qf 0.15 @/tip has been observed for voltages of 570 V with an emitter-anode separation of 2 pm.
EVALUATION OF THE DECAGON® 5TE SENSOR AS A TOOL FOR IRRIGATION AND SALINITY MANAGEMENT IN A SANDY SOIL (2014)

ISHS International Conference on Agricultural Engineering: New Technologies for Sustainable Agricultural Production and Food Security EVALUATION OF THE DECAGON® 5TE SENSOR AS A TOOL FOR IRRIGATION AND SALINITY MANAGEMENT IN A SANDY SOIL
1-Isopropyl-4-methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene. Synthesis and reactions (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1-Isopropyl-4-methylenebicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene. Synthesis and reactionsR. H. Chung, Grace J. Lin, J. M. Nicholson, Anna Tseng, O. Tucker, and J. W. WheelerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 7, 2183–2187Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00762a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00762a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts