gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Theory and Experimental Setup of the New Rise In Core Reservoir Wettability Measurement Technique (2014)

Abstract Reservoir wettability has direct impact on the relative movement of reservoir fluids and oil displacement efficiency by EOR techniques. The industry standard wettability laboratory techniques of Amott, USBM and modified Amott/USBM are very time demanding due to its complex experimental setup and procedure. This paper describes the theory and experimental setup and procedure of a new wettability laboratory technique. Rise In Core, RIC, technique is based on a modified version of the Washburn Equation. The modified equation could be solved for the wettability contact angle by only substituting the slope of a fitted straight line of the square line of the square of core sample mass change with time, resulting from either water imbibition into oil saturated core sample, and/or vice versa. A constant of the equation, that is characteristic of the rock type, needs to be determined prior, however, by conducting an imbibition experiment of a reference liquid into air saturated twin core sample. The reference liquid completely wets the core sample with zero contact-angle. The new technique was applied to measure the wettability of Berea sandstone core samples. The wettability of natural outcrop cores was found to be weakly water wet. Experiments conducted on neighboring samples, produced similar wettability result, indicating good repeatability. The applicability of the RIC in other wettability regions was also tested, resulting in repeated strong wetness for standards that were artificially treated to be either strongly water wet, and oil wet. The technique was also compared to the existing industry technique and proved to provide equivalent and more consistent wettability measurements for more than ten twins of carbonate core samples. RIC technique is theoretically sound, and requires simple experimental setup and procedure. Moreover, it determines wettability in terms of contact angles rather than wettability index. It is more consistent and applicable to all wettability regions.
ChemInform Abstract: THALLIUM(III) ACETATE AS CATALYST IN THE ADDITION OF AROMATIC AMINES TO PHENYLACETYLENE (1977)

Abstract Die Addition von primären Anilinen (II) an Phenylacetylen (I) zu Ketiminen (III) und von sek. Anilinen (IV) zu Enaminen (V) wird durch Thallium= (III)‐acetat katalysiert.
NCN‐Coordinating Ligands based on Pyrene Structure with Potential Application in Organic Electronics (2017)

Five novel derivatives of pyrene, substituted at positions 1,3,6,8 with 4-(2,2-dimethylpropyloxy)pyridine (P1), 4-decyloxypyridine (P2), 4-pentylpyridine (P3), 1-decyl-1,2,3-triazole (P4), and 1-benzyl-1,2,3-triazole (P5), are obtained through a Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction or Cu<sup>I</sup> -catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction, respectively, and characterized thoroughly. TGA measurements reveal the high thermal stability of the compounds. Pyrene derivatives P1-P5 all show photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields (Φ) of approximately 75 % in solution. Solid-state photo- and electroluminescence characteristics of selected compounds as organic light-emitting diodes are tested. In the guest-host configuration, two matrixes, that is, poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and a binary matrix consisting of PVK and 2-tert-butylphenyl-5-biphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD) (50:50 wt %), are applied. The diodes show red, green, or blue electroluminescence, depending on both the compound chemical structure and the actual device architecture. In addition, theoretical studies (DFT and TD-DFT) provide a deeper understanding of the experimental results.
Symmetry of nerve conduction studies in different stages of diabetic polyneuropathy (2002)

Nerve conduction studies (NCS) in diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP) are sensitive, noninvasive, and associated with small coefficients of variation, and correlate well with underlying peripheral nerve morphological change. For these reasons, the current reference standard for DSP involves multivariate instruments that emphasize NCS results. However, the interside symmetry of NCS findings in different stages of DSP are unknown, although requirement for symmetry has been suggested in clinical trials of DSP. We therefore aimed to determine the degree of symmetry of NCS findings in DSP of differing severity stages. A cohort of diabetic patients, including patients without neuropathy and those with mild to severe DSP, was studied. We also studied a series of nondiabetic, healthy subjects. A variation of stratified sampling by means of a clinical neuropathy score ensured that a broad spectrum of neuropathy was studied. A total of 478 subjects was ascertained; patient accrual was discontinued when the smallest clinical group consisted of 50 subjects. Nerve conduction studies were conducted prospectively and in a blinded fashion using surface recordings, averaging for sensory action potentials, control of limb temperature, and standardized techniques. Median and ulnar motor and sensory, peroneal and tibial motor, and sural NCS were performed. Interside symmetry, independent of neuropathy severity, was observed for all investigated nerves, except for the median sensory nerve action potential amplitude, which was lower on the right side. These results confirm that abnormal NCS findings consistent with DSP are reliably symmetrical with the exception of the amplitude of the median sensory nerve action potential. Thus, unilateral evaluation of NCS in DSP is sufficient as a reference standard in clinical trials. We also conclude that great degrees of asymmetry in NCS results are reason to question inclusion of DSP patients in clinical trials.
Sub-micron Polymer–Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Layered Hybrids via Controlled Chemical Transformation of Naked ZnO Nanocrystal Films (2015)

Here we show that sub-micron coatings of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) and even ZIF–ZIF bilayers can be grown directly on polymers of intrinsic microporosity from zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystal precursor films, yielding a new class of all-microporous layered hybrids. The ZnO-to-ZIF chemical transformation proceeded in less than 30 min under microwave conditions using a solution of the imidazole ligand in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), water, or mixtures thereof. By varying the ratio of DMF to water, it was possible to control the morphology of the ZIF-on-polymer from isolated crystallites to continuous films. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction was used to confirm the presence of crystalline ZIF in the thin films, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to quantify film purity, revealing films with little to no residual ZnO. The role solvent plays in the transformation mechanism is discussed in light of these findings, which suggest the ZnO nanocrystals may be necessary to localize heterogeneous nucleation of the ZIF to the polymer surface.
Phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, and trabeculotomy to treat pseudoexfoliation syndrome (1998)

Phacoemulsification and IOL implantation combined with trabeculotomy was an effective treatment for patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and cataract.
Submillisecond six-wavelength pyrometer for high-temperature measurements in the range 2000 to 5000 K (1986)

Des mesures a 6 longueurs d'ondes ont ete choisies pour determiner l'emissivite spectrale en fonction de la temperature et de la longueur d'onde et pour evaluer l'emissivite totale
Les cellules dendritiques dans l'immunité, la mémoire et la tolérance (2004)

La première étape de la réponse immune est réalisée par des cellules "sentinelles": les cellules dendritiques (DC). Elles ont à la fois un rôle de surveillance de l’organisme et une capacité unique à alerter les lymphocytes T naïfs. Leur efficacité à présenter des antigènes rencontrés en périphérie à des lymphocytes résidant dans les organes lymphoïdes résulte d’une spécialisation de fonction au cours du temps. A l’état immature, elles capturent et apprêtent les antigènes protéiques au niveau de divers organes, mais ont une faible capacité stimulatrice. Par contre, à l’état mature, elles perdent la capacité de capturer des antigènes, acquièrent celle de sensibiliser des lymphocytes T et migrent vers les organes lymphoïdes. Cependant, des DC immatures sont présentes dans les organes lymphoïdes en contact avec les cellules T laissant supposer qu’elles pourraient jouer d’autres rôles que celui de sentinelles. L’immunisation de souris par injection de DC immatures ou matures nous a permis de mettre en évidence un rôle potentiel des DC immatures. Ces dernières induisent en effet une prolifération des cellules T CD4 et leur différenciation en cellules de mémoire en absence de réponse primaire effectrice (absence d’IFN-&
Reactivity of Thiols with Superoxide Radicals (1976)

Journal Article Reactivity of Thiols with Superoxide Radicals Get access Kozi Asada, Kozi Asada The Research Institute for Food Science, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sumio Kanematsu Sumio Kanematsu The Research Institute for Food Science, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 40, Issue 9, 1 September 1976, Pages 1891–1892, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1976.10862321 Published: 01 September 1976 Article history Received: 01 April 1976 Published: 01 September 1976
Fuel and Lubricant Effect on Durability of Catalytic Trap Oxidizer (CTO) for Heavy Duty Diesel Engines (1988)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Various CTOs have been tested at inlet gas temperature of 600°C, nearly muximum output operation on Bench Engine Dynamometer Unit with 2.8 - 6.6 liter D.I. engine.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Base metals promoted CTO are found to be deteriorated unexpectedly through the test conditions mentioned above. On the other hand, noble metal promoted CTO showed good durability against such full load operation condition. The problem arised from noble metal promoted CTO is evolution of sulfur trioxide at much higher concentration than from base metals promoted CTO. It is concluded that sulfur content in diesel fuel should be reduced as low as possible, such as to current gasoline level to use noble metal promoted CTO.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Tow types of particulate trap structure, wall-flow monolith (WFM) and ceramic foam have been evaluated. These carriers have trapped ashes from lubricating oil in a comparable efficiency to their particulate trap efficiency.&lt;/div&gt;
A Novel Human Apolipoprotein (apoM) (1999)

A novel human apolipoprotein designated apolipoprotein M (apoM) is described. The unique N-terminal amino acid sequence of apoM was found in an approximately 26-kDa protein present in a protein extract of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLP). The isolated apoM cDNA (734 base pairs) encoded a 188-amino acid residue-long protein, distantly related to the lipocalin family. The mRNA of apoM was detected in the liver and kidney. Western blotting demonstrated apoM to be present in high density lipoprotein (HDL) and to a lesser extent in TGRLP and low density lipoproteins (LDL). The first 20 amino acid residues of apoM constituted a hydrophobic segment with characteristic features of a signal peptide. This was retained in the mature protein because of the lack of a signal peptidase cleavage site. In vitro translation in the presence of microsomes demonstrated translocation of apoM over the membrane and glycosylation but no signal peptide cleavage. The in vitro translated product remained associated with the microsomes after treatment with carbonate at pH 11, demonstrating that apoM is an integral protein. This finding suggests that apoM is linked to the single phospholipid layer of lipoproteins with a hydrophobic signal anchor. In conclusion, a novel human apolipoprotein, the function of which remains to be determined, is described.
Crystallographic Analysis Reveals Octamerization of Viroplasm Matrix Protein P9-1 of Rice Black Streaked Dwarf Virus (2011)

The P9-1 protein of Rice black streaked dwarf virus accumulates in viroplasm inclusions, which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in viruses in the family Reoviridae. Crystallographic analysis of P9-1 revealed structural features that allow the protein to form dimers via hydrophobic interactions. Each dimer has carboxy-terminal regions, resembling arms, that extend to neighboring dimers, thereby uniting sets of four dimers via lateral hydrophobic interactions, to yield cylindrical octamers. The importance of these regions for the formation of viroplasm-like inclusions was confirmed by the absence of such inclusions when P9-1 was expressed without its carboxy-terminal arm. The octamers are vertically elongated cylinders resembling the structures formed by NSP2 of rotavirus, even though there are no significant similarities between the respective primary and secondary structures of the two proteins. Our results suggest that an octameric structure with an internal pore might be important for the functioning of the respective proteins in the events that occur in the viroplasm, which might include viral morphogenesis.
MoC–graphite composite as a Pt electrocatalyst support for highly active methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction (2013)

Molybdenum carbide (MoC or Mo2C) nanoparticles down to 2 nm in size on carbon (C–MoxC) are synthesized through an ion exchange process, and used as a Pt electrocatalyst support for both the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). XRD, Raman spectrometer, TEM and XPS measurements are used to characterize the structure and properties of the synthesized materials. The results show that the typical Pt/C–MoC exhibits 160 mV negative shift in onset potential for the MOR, and 2.3 times kinetic mass current (276.7 mA mgPt−1) for the ORR compared to commercial Pt/C-TKK. The large improvement in the catalytic activity resulted from the synergistic effect and binding effect between Pt and MoC. The results also show that MoC promotes both the activity and stability of the Pt electrocatalyst to a greater extent than Mo2C, owing to the different synergistic effect and binding energy. In addition, the Mo compound was found to have an obvious catalytic effect on the graphitization of the carbon source, and the graphited carbon was supposed to give more stability as an electrocatalyst support.
LTCL-Filter Active-Damping Design Considerations for Low-Switching-Frequency Grid-Tied VSCs (2018)

Most electronic devices are connected to the grid by using power electronics converters and, in order to reduce the filter size and cost, novel filter topologies are being proposed in the literature. For high-power applications, LTCL filters are an attractive solution since the size of inductors can be reduced while maintaining a low switching frequency. However, this type of filter requires additional passive damping elements unless an active damping strategy is included in its control system. In this paper, the hardware and control system design of a VSC connected to the grid via a LTCL filter is addressed, with emphasis on the damping problem. It is shown that adequate damping can be provided by applying two different strategies. The first one is by changing the hardware of the converter (without additional passive elements), while the second one is by adding a compensator in series with the current controller. The proposed design methodology and control system improvements were tested in a simulation of a 15 kW VSC connected to the grid via a LTCL filter.
Settlement, growth and survival of eastern oysters on alternative reef substrates (2014)

Abstract Restoration of the native eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) has been severely hindered by the dwindling supply and rising costs of fossil and new oyster shell for use in reef restoration. Consequently, emphasis has shifted to the use of alternative oyster reef materials, which need to be tested for their effectiveness as settlement substrate. Furthermore, low recruitment of wild larvae has also impeded restoration, indicating a need to assess the potential of field setting of cultured larvae. We experimentally examined oyster settlement, growth and survival on unconsolidated oyster shell, oyster shell embedded vertically in concrete, and concrete Oyster Castles® in field and mesocosm experiments. In addition, we examined settlement success of cultured larvae in the mesocosm experiment. In the field experiment, juvenile recruitment was 3x higher on castles and unconsolidated shell than on embedded shell. Castles retained 4x the number of oysters and hosted 5x the biomass than embedded shell, and retained 1.5x the oysters and hosted 3x the biomass than unconsolidated shell. The proportion of live oyster recruits on castles was 1.5x that on both embedded and unconsolidated shell. In the mesocosm experiment (90-d post-larval deployment), the castles recruited, retained, and hosted an oyster biomass 4x higher than that of unconsolidated and embedded shell. This study confirms that artificial reef materials such as Oyster Castles® are suitable alternative substrates for oyster restoration, and remote setting of larvae onto conditioned substrate can be effective under controlled environmental conditions. Future restoration efforts should consider use of alternative reef substrates and field setting of larvae to maximize oyster recruitment, while simultaneously minimizing the cost of reef restoration.
Novel Regulation of the Epithelial Na + Channel by Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase in Kidney Collecting Duct Cells (2008)

Alkalosis impairs natriuresis, but the mechanisms involved are unclear. In contrast to transmembrane adenylyl cyclases, soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) mediates HCO 3 − ‐induced elevation of cAMP in intracellular microdomains. We thus hypothesized that sAC may regulate the epithelial Na + channel (ENaC) in the kidney. Confocal images of rat kidney revealed co‐immunolocalization of sAC and α‐ENaC in collecting duct principal cells. Mouse polarized kidney collecting duct (mpkCCD c14 ) cells, which express sAC by immunoblot, were used as an in vitro model system. The specific sAC inhibitor KH7 (60 μM) inhibited amiloride‐sensitive short‐circuit currents ( I sc ) by &gt;50% within 30 min. Similar ENaC inhibition was found with a catechol estrogen, an alternative sAC inhibitor. Aldosterone (1 μM) doubled ENaC‐dependent I sc over 4 h, an effect that was abolished by KH7. Conversely, 8‐Br‐cAMP overrode the inhibition of ENaC by KH7. Moreover, KH7 fully blocked forskolin‐induced ENaC apical recycling, suggesting that sAC activity is required for this process. Consistent with this idea, neither sAC over‐expression nor KH7 treatment modulated ENaC currents expressed in Xenopus oocytes, where significant ENaC recycling has been shown not to occur. In summary, these results suggest that sAC is a novel regulator of ENaC. sAC activity is necessary for both aldosterone stimulation of ENaC currents and ENaC recycling in CCD cells.
Comment on “Insight of the preponderant role of the lattice size in the Sn-based colusite for promoting high power factor” by P. Kamińska, C. Bourgès, R. Chetty, D. Gutiérrez-Del-Río, P. Śpiewak, W. Święszkowski, T. Nishimura, T. Mori, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, 10, 10701 (2023)

The aim of the present comment is to draw attention to the crystal chemistry of thermoelectric sulphides which requires detailed investigations to understand the close relationships between crystal structures, chemical compositions and transport properties.
Posterior meniscal root injuries (2016)

- Meniscal root tears (MRTs) are defined as radial tears within 1 cm of the meniscal root insertion, or an avulsion of the insertion of the meniscus. These injuries change joint loading due to failure of the meniscus to convert axial loads into hoop stresses, resulting in joint overloading and degenerative changes in the knee. Meniscal root repair is recommended in patients without advanced osteoarthritis (Outerbridge 3-4), in order to restore joint congruence and loading and therefore to avoid the long-term effect of joint overloading. Several techniques have been described. Improved knee function has been reported after meniscal root repair, but there are still conflicting reports on whether surgical treatment can prevent osteoarthritis.
A rotational energy harvester utilizing an asymmetrically deformed piezoelectric transducer subjected only to unidirectional compressive stress (2022)

Energy harvesting using piezoelectric transduction offers a promising alternative to the conversion of kinetic energy like ambient vibration and rotational motion into useful electricity in self-powered electronic devices. To improve the reliability and effective bandwidth of rotational piezoelectric energy harvesters (RPEHs), a novel rotational energy harvester utilizing an asymmetrically deformed piezoelectric transducer excited by a magnetic attractive force is presented in this paper. Unlike the previous most RPEHs where piezoelectric elements experienced the symmetrical bidirectional strain, the presented piezoelectric transducer was only subjected to unidirectional compressive strain. It made the best use of the deformation characteristics of PZT vibrators where their allowable compressive stress was far greater than the allowable tensile stress, thus reducing the damage possibility of PZT vibrators under unexpected heavy loads. To prove the feasibility and explore the influence of the related structural parameters on the power generation performance, the theoretical analysis, simulation, fabrication and experiments were performed for the novel RPEH. The results showed that some parameters like the number ratio (α) and the rotary radius (R) of the exciting magnets brought a strong impact on the response characteristics of the presented RPEH. With the increasing rotary radius R, both the optimal rotating speed and effective bandwidth were decreased, whereas there were few studies on the effect of the rotary radius R of exiting force in previously reported RPEHs. In the case of rotary radius R = 60 mm, the maximum output voltage of 130 V with α = 0.5 was achieved. A maximum output power of 3.89 mW was obtained across 41 kΩ at the rotating speed of 856 r/min. It is expected this research can provide a beneficial reference for enhancing the reliability of existing RPEHs.
Relationship of Endomysial Antibodies to Jejunal Mucosal Pathology (1988)

Serum immunoglobulin A class antibodies reactive to the endomysial lining of the smooth muscle bundles of the gastrointestinal tract have recently been reported to be specific and sensitive indicators of celiac disease (CD). A total of 203 subjects were examined for serum endomysial antibodies (EmA) and in 103 small bowel biopsies were obtained. EmA were detected in 43 cases including 26 CD patients evaluated during the gluten challenge phase of diagnosis by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition criteria, 11 of 53 symptomatic patients, and 6 asymptomatic family members. All patients with detectable antibody at the time of biopsy exhibited grade III-IV villous atrophy. Disaccharidase activities performed in 19 cases revealed severe deficiencies. EmA were not detected in 160 subjects including 42 infants and children with chronic nonspecific diarrhea. Eighteen of these possessed grade II-III villous atrophy with moderate disaccharidase deficiency and 24 were found to have normal histology and enzymes. The EmA were also not detected in 3 CD patients who were well maintained on a gluten-free diet for greater than 1 year and 25 asymptomatic family members exhibiting normal histology and enzymes. An additional 90 infants and children with other gastrointestinal and liver diseases were also negative for the serum EmA. Fourteen of these patients underwent biopsies and were demonstrated to have normal histology.