gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ancestral APOBEC3B Nuclear Localization Is Maintained in Humans and Apes and Altered in Most Other Old World Primate Species (2022)

APOBEC3B is an innate immune effector enzyme capable of introducing mutations in viral genomes through DNA cytosine-to-uracil editing. Recent studies have shown that gamma-herpesviruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), have evolved a potent APOBEC3B neutralization mechanism to protect lytic viral DNA replication intermediates in the nuclear compartment. APOBEC3B is additionally unique as the only human DNA deaminase family member that is constitutively nuclear. Nuclear localization has therefore been inferred to be essential for innate antiviral function. Here, we combine evolutionary, molecular, and cell biology approaches to address whether nuclear localization is a conserved feature of APOBEC3B in primates. Despite the relatively recent emergence of <i>APOBEC3B</i> approximately 30 to 40 million years ago (MYA) in Old World primates by genetic recombination (after the split from the New World monkey lineage 40 to 50 MYA), we find that the hallmark nuclear localization of APOBEC3B shows variability. For instance, although human and several nonhuman primate APOBEC3B enzymes are predominantly nuclear, rhesus macaque and other Old World primate APOBEC3B proteins are clearly cytoplasmic or cell wide. A series of human/rhesus macaque chimeras and mutants combined to map localization determinants to the N-terminal half of the protein with residues 15, 19, and 24 proving critical. Ancestral APOBEC3B reconstructed from present-day primate species also shows strong nuclear localization. Together, these results indicate that the ancestral nuclear localization of APOBEC3B is maintained in present-day human and ape proteins, but nuclear localization is not conserved in all Old World monkey species despite a need for antiviral functions in the nuclear compartment. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> APOBEC3 enzymes are single-stranded DNA cytosine-to-uracil deaminases with beneficial roles in antiviral immunity and detrimental roles in cancer mutagenesis. Regarding viral infection, all seven human APOBEC3 enzymes have overlapping roles in restricting virus types that require DNA for replication, including EBV, HIV, human papillomavirus (HPV), and human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV). Regarding cancer, at least two APOBEC3 enzymes, APOBEC3B and APOBEC3A, are prominent sources of mutation capable of influencing clinical outcomes. Here, we combine evolutionary, molecular, and cell biology approaches to characterize primate APOBEC3B enzymes. We show that nuclear localization is an ancestral property of APOBEC3B that is maintained in present-day human and ape enzymes, but not conserved in other nonhuman primates. This partial mechanistic conservation indicates that APOBEC3B is important for limiting the replication of DNA-based viruses in the nuclear compartment. Understanding these pathogen-host interactions may contribute to the development of future antiviral and antitumor therapies.
Micro‐CT assessment of gap‐containing areas along the gutta‐percha‐sealer interface in oval‐shaped canals (2022)

Although none of the specimens had a gap-free area along the entire GP-sealer interface, oval canals filled with AH Plus showed less gaps than the ones filled with EndoSequence BC Sealer.
Control Method of Dual Parallel Surface-Mounted Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Systems with Different Parameters Using Single Inverter (2022)

This paper presents a control method for different dual-parallel-SPMSMs systems with a single inverter. Disturbance causes a torque difference between the two motors when one inverter drives two SPMSMs. This may lead to the motor's mechanical and electrical resonance. Several damping control methods have been proposed to suppress this resonance. However, such methods consider that the parameters of the two motors are identical. When one inverter controls two motors with different parameters, the damping control performance deteriorates. Additionally, the motor's resonance sound and motor current ripple increase. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a control method for dual parallel Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (SPMSM) drive systems with a single inverter.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Preclinical and Early Clinical Evaluation of the Oral AKT Inhibitor, MK-2206, for the Treatment of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 131KB, Effects of MK-2206 on AKT signaling in FLT3-mutant AML cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Intrapartum fetal cardiac arrest. A preliminary observation. (1977)

In 13 patients, episodes of transient fetal cardiac arrest were observed in a group of 594 extensively monitored labors during a given 3-year period. The number of episodes per patient ranged from one to six, with a maximal duration of cardiac arrest (R-R interval) being 5.2 seconds. All of the patients responded to changing maternal position or termination of pregnancy except 1. This patient received Atropine as a premedication for cesarean section. The parasympatholytic properties of Atropine minimized the severity of cardiac arrest. The effect of cardiac arrest on fetuses is not clearly shown in these preliminary observations. The prompt elimination of cardiac arrest is thought to be imperative in reducing perinatal loss. Cardiac arrest is though to be an extensive form of severe variable deceleration. The hypothesis is made that these fetuses had an unbalanced autonomic nervous system and/or an overwhelming vagal tone. If these signs are detected early by fetal monitoring, attention should be paid to the possibility of cardiac arrest.
Sulfur solubility in pure and mixed organic solvents (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSulfur solubility in pure and mixed organic solventsSteven F. Sciamanna and Scott LynnCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 3, 485–491Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00075a019Request reuse permissionsArticle Views4552Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (857 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Respiration signal as a promising diagnostic tool for late onset sepsis in premature newborns. (2010)

International audience
Strains in Thermally Growing Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Films Measured <i>In Situ</i> Using Synchrotron X-Rays (2017)

This work takes place in the general context of a better understanding of materials degradation mechanisms in extreme environments. In particular, the aim of the present study was to correlate microstructural elements to growth stress magnitude evolution and stress release mechanisms for thermally grown chromia thin films on NiCr alloys. Strains in thermally grown oxides have been measured in-situ, as the oxides develop and evolve. Data have been acquired from oxides grown for different high temperatures evolutions on NiCr model alloys that form Cr 2 O 3 . Using synchrotron X-Ray at the ESRF (Beamline BM02) coupled with an induction furnace, Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns from the oxidizing specimen were recorded in air at temperature between 700-1000°C and during cooling. The distortion of the diffraction rings was analyzed to yield the in-plane strain. Thermal stresses imposed on Cr 2 O 3 /NiCr by abruptly reducing the sample temperature for a period of time, exploiting the thermal expansion difference between oxide and substrate, showed noticeable subsequent stress relaxation by creep. Such a mechanism was monitored using time-dependent in situ measurements of strain relaxation in the oxide. The main results obtained from these experiments are the kinetic of the growth stress from the isothermal measurements (isothermal plateau), and the study of the stress release mechanism after the low-temperature jumps. In complement, the oxide microstructure development during the course of oxidation is also investigated from both the peaks intensity and width evolution. In all cases, the steady stage growth strain was relatively low and compressive. Different degrees of relaxation were also found on cooling depending on scale microstructure through the variation of the initial oxidation conditions. Results are compared with other reports of residual stresses evolution in Cr 2 O 3 scales.
Screening techniques for detecting allelic variation in DNA sequences (1993)

This article reviews four 'DNA screening techniques', namely heteroduplex analysis, single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) as tools for the study of allelic variation in natural populations. The resolving power, advantages, and limitations of each technique are discussed and compared. We also provide some criteria for choosing among techniques and illustrate some practical issues with examples taken primarily from our own laboratory experience.
Supplementary Tables 1-2 from T-Type Ca<sup>2+</sup> Channel Inhibition Induces p53-Dependent Cell Growth Arrest and Apoptosis through Activation of p38-MAPK in Colon Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 19 KB, Supplemental Table 1. Sequence of primers designed for RT-qPCR amplification of p53 regulated genes. Supplementary Table 2. Sequence of primers designed for amplification of genomic DNA of p53 regulated genes containing or in close proximity to p53BS.&lt;/p&gt;
Ultra-low doses of TX-004HR to improve symptoms of vulvar and vaginal atrophy (VVA) while maintaining serum levels of estradiol within the normal postmenopausal range. (2018)

10074 Background: More than 60% of postmenopausal breast cancer (BC) patients have symptoms of dyspareunia and vaginal dryness that often result from endocrine therapy, and are challenging to treat. Local vaginal estrogens are proven safe and effective for VVA treatment, but a major concern of BC patients is the potential risk of systemic absorption and adverse breast effects; and it is contraindicated by the FDA to be used in this population. TX-004HR, an investigational, vaginal, softgel capsule of soluble 17β-estradiol (E2), is being developed to treat menopausal VVA. Serum E2 levels following TX-004HR treatment, which significantly reduced moderate-to-severe dyspareunia and vaginal dryness, were determined and compared with that of the normal postmenopausal range. Methods: A 12-wk, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3, safety/efficacy study (REJOICE) was conducted in menopausal women with VVA. TX-004HR (4 or 10 µg) was administered daily for 14 d, then twice weekly for 10 wks. Serum E2 levels using validated GC/MS/MS and pharmacokinetics (PK) were determined in 17-19 subjects/group on days 1 and 14 of daily dosing and day 84 of twice-weekly maintenance dosing. Results: The day 1, 0-h, mean±SD, serum E2 level was 4.05±2.69 pg/mL (95th percentile 8.49 pg/mL). The mean 24-h average levels on day 1 for the placebo, 4 µg, and 10 µg groups were 4.86±3.22, 3.92±1.46, and 5.76±3.13 pg/mL, respectively. Day 14 mean serum levels were lower than those on day 1; 4.34±2.77, 3.63±1.78, and 4.59±2.27 pg/mL, respectively. No accumulation of E2 was observed on day 14. On day 84 (maintenance phase), serum E2 levels were 4.36, 4.25, and 4.79 pg/mL, respectively. Primary efficacy and safety endpoints had been met for both doses. Changes in E2 levels from baseline to day 14 and day 84 were similar. Conclusions: TX-004HR (4 or 10 µg) improved VVA symptomatology, while maintaining serum E2 levels within the normal postmenopausal range. Although not yet studied in BC patients, further study in this population, especially in those taking aromatase inhibitors, is warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT02253173.
MARIJUANA AND MEMORY INTRUSIONS (1977)

Sixteen college-educated male subjects were tested on free-recall lists during intoxication with marijuana extract calibrated to 0.3 mg/kg delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and during placebo conditions. On each testing day subjects studied six lists using a regular overt rehearsal procedure and six lists using an association-overt rehearsal procedure in which they were to rehearse alound both list items and associations to those items. Both marijuana and the association-rehearsal procedure reduced the number of correct recalls and increased the number of intrusions (nonlist items which were incorrectly recalled as having been on the list to be learned). The intrusions were divided into three categories: a) words found on prior lists; b) associates spoken during the rehearsal; or c) totally new works not previously mentioned. Marijuana significantly increased the number of new intrusions; the association-rehearsal procedure did not. This result suggests that one of the effects of marijuana on cognitive functions in humans is to increase the number of intrusive thoughts and this may be the mechanism involved in some of the thought disorder observed with marijuana intoxication.
Ethernet-based nitrite ion concentration detection system (2010)

The detection of nitrite ion concentration is an important parameter of water quality testing. The nitrite ion concentration detection system based on Ethernet is designed to realise accurate and remote measurement of nitrite ion concentration. The intelligent detection node consists of electrochemical three-electrode sensor, optimizing design of constant potential detection circuit, MCU MSP430 processor and SD card to realize accurate measurement and data storage. On system Gateway which is an Ethernet gateway with the core of ARM9 processor, typical data network Ethernet is used to construct intelligent nodes network, the embedded Web server is constructed successfully with transplanting TCP/IP protocol stack on the real-time operating system LINUX, so nitrite ion concentration on-line monitoring and reliable storage and remote transmission is realized.
Corrosion chemistry of magneto-optic data storage media (1992)

Environmental stability is particularly important for thin film materials since small changes in surface structure and chemistry may result in significant degradation of the magnetic or optical properties. Two aspects of the corrosion chemistry of these materials are discussed. Dealloying processes may be important for rare earth/transition metal systems due to the thermodynamic driving force for selective dissolution of the rare earth elements. Corrosion resistance of many metals and alloys is related to the formation of an interfacial oxide layer. The formation and stability of these films are important for both alloy and multilayer systems.
Phase III randomized study to compare interferon alfa-2a in combination with fluorouracil versus fluorouracil alone in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. (1996)

The combination IFN/5-FU produced a response rate, response duration, and survival duration similar to that of 5-FU alone. The addition of IFN to 5-FU in the doses and schedules used in this study did not provide any further benefit over 5-FU alone and cannot be recommended for patients with metastatic ACC. This study confirms the value of large prospective randomized clinical trials to determine the clinical value of regimens that emerge from smaller single-center phase II studies.
Decision Retrieval and Storage Enabled Through Description Logic (2007)

The problem addressed in the paper is how to represent the knowledge associated with design decision models to enable storage, retrieval, and reuse. The paper concerns the representations and reasoning mechanisms needed to construct decision models of relevance to engineered product development. Specifically, AL[E][N] description logic is proposed as a formalism for modeling engineering knowledge and for enabling retrieval and reuse of archived models. Classification hierarchies are constructed using subsumption in DL. Retrieval of archived models is supported using subsumption and query concepts. In our methodology, design decision models are constructed using the base vocabulary and reuse is supported through reasoning and retrieval capabilities. Application of the knowledge representation for the design of a cantilever beam is demonstrated.
Methods for UGV teleoperation with high latency communications (2011)

In this project, we developed and demonstrated complementary UGV control methods for teleoperation with highlatency communications. The methods included latency protection, predictive displays, and supervisory control. Latency protection mitigate against typical types of high-latency teleoperation input errors. The Phase I latency protection methods included filtering the joysick commands, limiting the commanded rates as a function of latency, and emergency stop when the operator commands and OCU navigation video were out of phase. Predictive displays indicate to the operator the current state of the UGV, i.e., the state after all of the latent commands are executed (latent commands are those that have been issued but whose effects do not yet appear in the OCU display). We implemented two alternative predictive display methods: augmented reality using iconography to indicate the effects of the latent commands, and virtual reality which warps the image to show the view to reflect the latent commands. Supervisory control allows the operator to specify simple, short-range objectives that the UGV can accomplish on its own, without advanced sensing, path planning, etc. We implemented an effective "point-and-go" supervisory control system. We successfully implemented and demonstrated these methods on a Packbot&copy; 510 EOD robot (made by iRobot Corporation), currently being used in-theater.
Phenotypic and Functional Comparison of Class Switch Recombination Deficiencies with a Subgroup of Common Variable Immunodeficiencies (2016)

Primary antibody deficiencies (PADs) are the most common immunodeficiency in humans, characterized by low levels of immunoglobulins and inadequate antibody responses upon immunization. These PADs may result from an early block in B cell development with a complete absence of peripheral B cells and lack of immunoglobulins. In the presence of circulating B cells, some PADs are genetically caused by a class switch recombination (CSR) defect, but in the most common PAD, common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), very few gene defects have as yet been characterized despite various phenotypic classifications. Using a functional read-out, we previously identified a functional subgroup of CVID patients with plasmablasts (PBs) producing IgM only. We have now further characterized such CVID patients by a direct functional comparison with patients having genetically well-characterized CSR defects in CD40L, activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and uracil N-glycosylase activity (UNG). The CSR-like CVID patients showed a failure in B cell activation patterns similar to the classical AID/UNG defects in three out of five CVID patients and distinct more individual defects in the two other CVID cases when tested for cellular activation and PB differentiation. Thus, functional categorization of B cell activation and differentiation pathways extends the expected variation in CVID to CSR-like defects of as yet unknown genetic etiology.
THE EXPERIENCE WITH NEW SMALL AND REGIONAL RAILROADS -- 1993-1997 (1997)

This article reports on the most recent set of small railroads spin off from larger railroad operators. Compared to earlier times, not as many new small lines have been created, but track abandonments are down. The main cause for lines to fall into disuse is lack of traffic, but there is no easily defined level below which lines are not economically practical. Decisions seem to be a function of regional and geographical elements. The standard benchmark of 50 loaded cars per mile per year is actually higher than what a number of railroads can operate with. The other main reason for abandoning lines is destruction of tracks and rights of way by weather and natural forces, notably floods in the Pacific Northwest. A new trend is a practice of smaller operators forming what they call groups that combine a number of railroads that might not be geographically contiguous. Government continues to play its biggest role as a purchaser of track, but not an operator. The spread of shortlines has enabled smaller, isolated areas to retain rail service to a greater degree than might have been expected. The shift to smaller scale lines meant loss of economies of scale but gains elsewhere in costs and service. As larger lines consolidate operations farther away from many shippers, the smaller local lines use their proximity and familiarity with local conditions to preempt larger competitors by being more flexible.
A Multi-Modal Approach to Patient Activity Monitoring (2020)

This paper presents our patient activity monitoring system (PAMS), which combines a wrist-worn device and a real-time location system (RTLS) with active tags. Four main data streams were used: location coordinates, 3D accelerometer, heart rate, and electrodermal activity (EDA) data. Using non-overlapping, normalized power windows, data are fed into random forest and KNN classifiers. These classifiers divide data into specific ambulation classes including time of inactivity, posture, and wheelchair monitoring data. The classification performance (F1 score) of our machine learning techniques ranges from 87.6% to 99.2% which is quite promising. These metrics provide clinicians with valuable insight into the activity levels of patients and patients' progress towards achieving their ambulation goals.