gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Future of the Realm: Medicine and Divination in Ancient Syro-Mesopotamia (1999)

The contributions of Syro-Mesopotamian cultures to the understanding of illnesses and organ functions have been sought in examination of medical and therapeutic texts. These provide a wealth of knowledge on prevalent diseases and nascent empirical therapeutics. There are, however, other sources of information relevant to this topic that have not been as thoroughly explored. Examination of representative arts, for example, provides documentations of the breadth of anatomical knowledge in these cultures. Study of the omen literature is useful in illustrating beliefs in disease etiology as well as documentation of prevalent diseases and observations on anatomical variations. In the present article we explore the various sources for information relevant to the kidney and related diseases.
A useful ultrasound artifact and its application - the 'twinkling sign' (2006)

The SA Journal of Radiology is the official journal of the Radiological Society of South Africa and the Professional Association of Radiologists in South Africa and Namibia. The SA Journal of Radiology is a general diagnostic radiological journal which carries original research and review articles, pictorial essays, case reports, letters, editorials, radiological practice and other radiological articles.
New Ki-67-equivalent murine monoclonal antibodies (MIB 1-3) generated against bacterially expressed parts of the Ki-67 cDNA containing three 62 base pair repetitive elements encoding for the Ki-67 epitope. (1993)

Our results demonstrate that it is possible to use bacterially expressed parts of the Ki-67 antigen as immunogen to elicit antibodies that react with the native antigen. While MIB 1 and MIB 3 detect the same or a very similar epitope as the original antibody Ki-67, MIB 2 clearly differs in its fine specificity. Our results provide a circle of evidence that the cDNA sequence thus far determined encodes for the Ki-67 antigen. Furthermore, the new antibodies may become powerful tools for routine histopathology and for further functional characterization of the Ki-67 antigen.
The current status of biodegradable stent to treat benign luminal disease (2017)

Stent implantation is a well-accepted alternative to treat benign luminal disease (BLD). Current stents are often fabricated from plastic, mental and biodegradable materials, and the latter two have wider clinical application. Self-expanding plastic and mental stents possessed many disadvantages such as stent migration, tissue hyperplasia, in-stent restenosis and are difficult to remove, which catalyzes the development of biodegradable stent (BDS). In fact, BDS are not required to be removed upon implementation and leaves no residues in tissue after complete biodegradation compared to metallic or plastic stents. In vascular system, BDS, also termed bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) have also been used to treat luminal stenotic or occlusive lesions in cardiovascular system, peripheral arteries system and veins. In nonvascular system, BDS, with either bare or covered designs, was employed for the treatment of occlusion, stenosis, anastomosis, leak, fistula or perforation of digestive (esophagus, gastrointestinal, biliary, pancreatobiliary, hepatobiliary), respiratory (airway), and urinary (ureteral, urethral). However, the weak radial force, in-stent thrombosis and restenosis become main issues of BDS or BVS and restrict its further clinical application. Therefore, more intensive researches are expected on the strengthening of the radial force of BDS and development of novel drug eluting techniques on its surface to prevent thrombus or restenosis. In this review it is given an updated outline of the use of BDS to treat BLD in a minimal invasive way and explore its advantages and disadvantages for a vast range of fields ranging from cardiovascular to digestive and urinary system. Further discussion to foster the investigation and development of this approach in clinical is also provided.
Nonparametric statistics for DOA estimation in the presence of multipath (2002)

This paper is concerned with array signal processing in nonGaussian noise and in the presence of multipath. Robust and fully nonparametric high resolution algorithms for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation are presented. The algorithms are based on multivariate spatial sign and rank concepts. Spatial smoothing of the multivariate rank and sign based covariance matrices is employed as a preprocessing step in order to deal with coherent sources. The performance of the algorithms is studied using simulations. The results show that almost optimal performance is obtained in wide variety of different noise conditions.
EFFECT OF NOZZLE CONFIGURATION ON THE ATOMIZATION OF A STEADY SPRAY (1992)

The purpose of this study was to obtain the relationship between the droplet size of a spray, the nozzle hole configuration represented by the nozzle length/diameter ratio (L/D), and the shape of the inlet of the nozzle hole in a steady spray in the range of diesel injection pressures, and to obtain a possible mechanism of the nozzle hole configuration effect. It is shown that the droplet size is insensitive to the L/D for less than a certain value, for a simple straight nozzle, and is apparently affected by the shape of the inlet. However, the inlet shape effect is not substantial, because it disappears when the virtual injection velocity obtained on the basis of the contraction coefficient of the nozzle is applied instead of the mean injection velocity obtained from the nominal nozzle diameter. These conclusions were derived from various lands of experiments using several types of nozzles and different kinds of measurements. A possible mechanism is presented that can explain most of the results.
Crystallographic orientation and temperature effects on the fatigue crack growth rate and resulting fracture surface morphology in PWA1484 single crystal superalloy (2014)

ABSTRACT This research looked at the effect of crystallographic orientation and temperature on the fatigue crack growth rate and the resulting fracture surface morphology in PWA1484 single crystal superalloy. Two groups of single edge notch tension specimens, one group with controlled secondary orientations and one group with uncontrolled secondary orientation, were tested at temperatures from 649°C to 982°C at R ‐ratios of 0.1 and 0.7. It was found that the effect of temperature on the crack growth rate becomes more pronounced as the crack driving force increases while the secondary orientation and R ‐ratio effects on the crack growth rate increase with increasing temperature. Two types of crack surface morphology were seen during fractography. The first was a precipitate avoidance (γ′ avoidance) morphology that was rolling but still predominantly flat when observed on a larger scale. In &lt;001&gt; primary oriented specimens, this fracture mode tended to follow the precipitate/matrix faces (microscopically cubic) while macroscopically staying essentially normal to the applied loads. The second mode was a form of cleavage (γ′ shearing) and occurred predominantly on octahedral crystallographic planes.
Fibroblast activation protein and chronic liver disease (2007)

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is the member of Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPIV) gene family that is most similar to DPIV. Four members of this family, DPIV, FAP, DP8 and DP9 possess a rare catalytic activity, hydrolysis of a prolyl bond two residues from the substrate N terminus. Crystal structures show that the soluble form of FAP comprises two domains, an alpha/beta-hydrolase domain and an 8-blade beta-propeller domain. The interface between these two domains forms the catalytic pocket, and an opening for substrate access to the internal active site. The FAP homodimer is structurally very similar to DPIV but FAP glycoprotein expression is largely confined to mesenchymal cells in diseased and damaged tissue, notably the tissue remodelling region in chronically injured liver. FAP peptide substrates include denatured collagen and alpha2-antiplasmin. The functional roles of FAP in tumors and fibrotic tissue are not fully understood. This review places FAP in the context of chronic liver injury pathogenesis.
Simulation of a CH-47 Water Crash Event (2002)

According to a Naval Aircraft Crash Report for 1972 to 1981, 45.3 % of helicopter mishaps occurred on water. For these incidents, the landing gear would not be effective. Instead, the lower portion of the helicopter is directly involved. Understanding how a helicopter reacts to such loading is critical for designing them to survive these incidents. This analysis investigates a CH-47 water crash event for various impact-speeds and predicts pilot accelerations during each event. The finite element analysis package LS-DYNA was used to simulate the fluid structure event between a full CH-47 model and water.
A low phase noise ring oscillator phase-locked loop for wireless applications (2005)

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2005.
Thermodynamics: Second Law Analysis (1980)

This paper gives a simple, comprehensible presentation of (a) the first and second laws of thermodynamics; (b) their associated basic concepts of energy and available-energy, respectively; and, (c) their practical implications on the performance of processes and equipment. It will be seen that is is available energy, not energy, which is the commodity of value and, hence, the proper measure for assessing inefficiencies and wastes.
Evaluation of the Colilert® Test for Detection of Verotoxin-ProducingEscherichia coliin Water (1998)

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to estimate the sensitivity of the Colilert® test for detection of different isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 and other verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) serotypes from water for potential on-farm food safety application. E. coli isolates evaluated were of human, bovine, porcine, or food origin. The sensitivity of the Colilert® test was 92% overall for the verotoxin-producing serotypes of E. coli. However, none of the E. coli O157:H7 isolates were identified as E. coli. No false-positive results for E. coli were detected. The Colilert® test could be used to screen water supplies for E. coli on the farm, however, an important pathogenic E. coli sero-type is not detected by the Colilert® test.
Retraction (2002)

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Beta-glucuronidase isozyme patterns of experimental hepatomas of rats. (1976)

President Roosevelt has received several complaints from prominent members of the Jewish community on the manner of deportation of aliens from Ellis Island. Roosevelt supports the need for deportation but stresses the need to avoid "unnecessary harshness" and prevent discrimination against immigrants of a particular race or creed.
ChemInform Abstract: METALATION‐CARBOXYLATION OF P‐ AND M‐(TRIMETHYLSILYL)TOLUENES AS A CONVENIENT ROUTE TO (P‐ AND M‐(TRIMETHYLSILYL)PHENYL)ACETIC ACIDS (1981)

Abstract Die isomeren Trimethylsilyl‐toluole (I) liefern die Li‐Verbindungen (II), die mit Kohlendioxid die Trimethylsilyl‐phenylessigsäuren (III) ergeben.
BELL'S TOPLESS DEBUT (1990)

The 301 TEU-capacity containership BELL PIONEER, owned by Bell Lines, is described. It is the first containership to be constructed to an open configuration wherein the freeboard is sufficient to maintain watertight integrity. The configuration makes it possible to dispense with the majority of lashing requirements, except for the No. 1 hold forward of the wheelhouse, and it is therefore planned to operate the vessel with a crew of only seven: the master, first and second mates, a chief engineer, and three deckhands--one of whom will have engine room experience. The only cargo work that the crew will be required to perform will be in connecting and disconnecting power supply to the reefer containers. The holds are fitted with 40-foot cell guides--an unusual feature in a ship of this size and one reflecting the fact that 60 to 70 percent of containers carried are 40-foot units.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF POLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS IN EXTRACTION OF ALKALINE EARTH CATIONS BY NITROBENZENE (1976)

Abstract (Rais, J ., gebestovä, E., Seluckg, P. und Kyrg, M.; J . Inorg.
Reduced Sheet Resistance In Pentacene Field-Effect Transistors Using Thiol-Modified Electrodes (2007)

An anthracene‐2‐thiol treatment of the electrodes in bottom‐contact pentacene field‐effect transistors is used to improve the performance of organic transistors. Transistors with different channel lengths are prepared in order to separate the sheet resistance from the parasitic series resistance of the contacts and leads. The treatment results in a reduced sheet resistance of more than one order of magnitude whereas the parasistic resistance is nearly unaffected.
Two-dimensional nanosheets of MoS2: a promising material with high dielectric properties and microwave absorption performance (2015)

In this study, few-layered MoS2 nanosheets (MoS2-NS) were obtained via the top-down exfoliation method from bulk MoS2 (MoS2-Bulk), and the dielectric properties and microwave absorption performance of MoS2-NS were first reported. The dimension-dependent dielectric properties and microwave absorption performance of MoS2 were investigated by presenting a comparative study between MoS2-NS and MoS2-Bulk. Our results show that the imaginary permittivity (ε'') of MoS2-NS/wax is twice as large as that of MoS2-Bulk/wax. The minimum reflection loss (RL) value of MoS2-NS/wax with 60 wt% loading is -38.42 dB at a thickness of 2.4 mm, which is almost 4 times higher than that of MoS2-Bulk/wax, and the corresponding bandwidth with effective attenuation (<-10 dB) of MoS2-NS/wax is up to 4.1 GHz (9.6-13.76 GHz). The microwave absorption performance of MoS2-NS is comparable to those reported in carbon-related nanomaterials. The enhanced microwave absorption performance of MoS2-NS is attributed to the defect dipole polarization arising from Mo and S vacancies and its higher specific surface area. These results suggest that MoS2-NS is a promising candidate material not only in fundamental studies but also in practical microwave applications.
Imaging of the lower respiratory tract (1991)

This review of literature on the lower respiratory tract in pediatric patients deals first with the interest in the new imaging procedures in congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation and pulmonary sequestration. Another article shows that very early prenatal diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia does not statistically change the clinical outcome even after the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Among other topics mentioned are tracheal complications of esophageal atresia after surgical repair, esophageal achalasia, congenital lobar emphysema, neonatal distress syndrome, and particularly the ultrasonographic appearance of hyaline membrane disease. Several articles are analyzed that concern infectious diseases of the lung (mycoplasma pneumonia, herpes simplex virus pneumonia, tuberculosis in the neonatal period, pulmonary aspergillosis in patients affected by chronic septic granulomatosis), aspirated foreign bodies (and particularly the frequency of sequelae disclosed by the association of plain film radiology and lung ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy in the long-term follow-up), lipoid pneumonia, pulmonary calcifications after cardiac surgery, esophageal malpositioning of endotracheal tubes, and bronchoadenomas in children.
Update on the CDC National Syndromic Surveillance Program (2016)

During the past decade, BioSense meant different things to different people. When BioSense was created to support national emergency preparedness, it was a Web-based software for collecting emergency department data for detecting and monitoring syndromes of public health importance. BioSense has evolved to become part of CDC's new National Syndromic Surveillance Program. This collaboration among local, state, and national public health programs will help improve local and nation-wide situational awareness and response to hazardous events and disease outbreaks. NSSP presents modernized technology and a broadened vision that includes people, partners, policies, information systems, standards, and resources. Join to learn more.
Current status of the HY-2A satellite radar altimeter and its prospect (2014)

HY-2 satellite was successfully launched on 16 August, 2011. It carried three main microwave instruments into space for operationally observing dynamic ocean environment parameters on a global scale. HY-2 satellite altimeter provides sea surface height, significant wave height, sea surface wind speed. Current status of HY-2 satellite altimeter is put forward in this study. By comparison with the other satellite data, NDBC data and other data, the accuracy of the HY-2's data products is evaluated in this work.
NUS-WIDE (2009)

This paper introduces a web image dataset created by NUS's Lab for Media Search. The dataset includes: (1) 269,648 images and the associated tags from Flickr, with a total of 5,018 unique tags; (2) six types of low-level features extracted from these images, including 64-D color histogram, 144-D color correlogram, 73-D edge direction histogram, 128-D wavelet texture, 225-D block-wise color moments extracted over 5x5 fixed grid partitions, and 500-D bag of words based on SIFT descriptions; and (3) ground-truth for 81 concepts that can be used for evaluation. Based on this dataset, we highlight characteristics of Web image collections and identify four research issues on web image annotation and retrieval. We also provide the baseline results for web image annotation by learning from the tags using the traditional k-NN algorithm. The benchmark results indicate that it is possible to learn effective models from sufficiently large image dataset to facilitate general image retrieval.
Simulation studies for characterizing ultrashort bunches using novel polarizable X-band transverse deflection structures (2019)

Transverse deflection structures are useful devices for characterizing the longitudinal properties of bunches in electron accelerators. With efforts to produce ever-shorter bunches for applications such as external injection into novel accelerator structures, e.g. plasma cells or dielectric structures, the applicability of deflection structures to measuring ultrashort bunches has been considered. In this paper, charge-density and bunch-length measurements of femtosecond and subfemtosecond bunches at the ARES linac at the SINBAD facility at DESY are studied with simulations and the limitations discussed in detail. The novel polarizable X-band transverse deflection structure (PolariX-TDS) will allow the streaking of bunches at all transverse angles, making a 3D charge-density reconstruction of bunches possible, in addition to the standard 1D charge-density reconstruction and bunch-length measurements. These various measurements of the charge-density distributions of bunches have been simulated, and it is shown that useful information about ultrashort bunches down to subfemtosecond lengths may be obtained using the setup planned for the ARES linac.
Neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells by the sigma-1 receptor agonist pridopidine in models of experimental glaucoma (2021)

Optic neuropathies such as glaucoma are characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration and death. The sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is an attractive target for treating optic neuropathies as it is highly expressed in RGCs, and its absence causes retinal degeneration. Activation of the S1R exerts neuroprotective effects in models of retinal degeneration. Pridopidine is a highly selective and potent S1R agonist in clinical development. We show that pridopidine exerts neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells in two different rat models of glaucoma. Pridopidine strongly binds melanin, which is highly expressed in the retina. This feature of pridopidine has implications to its ocular distribution, bioavailability, and effective dose. Mitochondria dysfunction is a key contributor to retinal ganglion cell degeneration. Pridopidine rescues mitochondrial function via activation of the S1R, providing support for the potential mechanism driving its neuroprotective effect in retinal ganglion cells.
Clinical presentation and surgical outcomes in primary myopic macular hole retinal detachment (2011)

Retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes can often be secondary to a macular hole with predominance of inferior bullous configuration and primary vitrectomy with ILM peeling with silicone oil tamponade results in good anatomic and functional outcomes.
Evaluation of Fatigue Damage for Wind Turbine Blades Using Acoustic Emission (2015)

본 연구에서는 풍력 블레이드의 피로손상으로 발생하는 음향방출신호의 특성을 살펴보기 위하여 길이 48 m의 풍력 블레이드 flap fatigue test를 100만 회까지 실시하였다. 60만 회까지는 hit수와 total energy가 꾸준히 증가하는 것으로 보아 블레이드의 손상이 지속되는 것으로 보이며, 주 손상기구는 rise time의 분석결과 기지균열의 생성과 성장으로 판단되었다. 또한 채널별 신호 분석을 통해 가장 손상을 많이 받은 부위가 체결부 20 m 지점의 skin과 spar의 접합 부위로 추정하였고 실제 손상 부위는 육안검사를 통해서도 확인되었다. Event source location 결과는 각 채널의 total energy 변화와 관련이 있었으며, 이러한 결과가 반영됨으로써 풍력 블레이드의 최적 설계에 유용할 것으로 판단된다. In this study, the flap fatigue test of a 48 m long wind turbine blade was performed for 1 million cycles to evaluate the characteristics of acoustic emission signals generated from fatigue damage of the wind blades. As the number of hits and total energy continued to increase during the first 0.6 million cycles, blade damage was constant. The rise-time result showed that the major aspects of damage were initiation and propagation of matrix cracks. In addition, the signal analysis of each channel showed that the most seriously damaged sections were the joint between the skin and spar, 20 m from the connection, and the spot of actual damage was observable by visual inspection. It turned out that the event source location was related to the change in each channel's total energy. It is expected that these findings will be useful for the optimal design of wind turbine blades.
Devenir des structures en béton en présence d’H2S – Vers une évolution des classes d’exposition (2020)

Le changement climatique et les modifications de pratiques induisent une augmentation de la teneur en hydrogène sulfuré dans les réseaux d’assainissement. Outre l’aspect sanitaire, l’H2S peut être responsable de la dégradation des canalisations et/ou infrastructures en béton, en particulier lorsqu’il est oxydé par des micro-organismes sulfo-oxydants avec formation d’acide sulfurique. Cet acide réagit avec les composés alcalins du béton et notamment avec l’hydroxyde de calcium pour former du gypse, composé expansif. Dans ces conditions et en fonction de la teneur en H2S, des dégradations importantes sont observées qui peuvent quelquefois conduire à l’effondrement du béton dans la partie aérienne. Des recommandations sur le choix des ciments sont proposées pour ces environnements, mais ne donnent pas entière satisfaction compte tenu du manque de données sur le comportement des matériaux cimentaires en fonction de la teneur en H2S. Dans cette étude, trois mortiers formulés avec des ciments différents ont été exposés sur six sites différents en France afin d’essayer de mieux définir les classes d’exposition définies dans le fascicule FD P18-011 relatif aux environnements contenant de l’H2S. L’utilisation de teneur moyenne en H2S ne semble pas la donnée la plus judicieuse pour classer les environnements, l’utilisation du 3e quartile apparaît comme un paramètre plus approprié. Il est ainsi possible de former trois classes : la classe 1, le 3e quartile est inférieur à 8 ppm ; la classe 2, le 3e quartile est compris entre 8 et 15 ppm ; et la classe 3, le 3e quartile est supérieur à 15 ppm.