gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gα13 Stimulates Cell Migration through Cortactin-interacting Protein Hax-1 (2004)

Galpha13, the alpha-subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein G13, has been shown to stimulate cell migration in addition to inducing oncogenic transformation. Cta, a Drosophila ortholog of G13, has been shown to be critical for cell migration leading to the ventral furrow formation in Drosophila embryos. Loss of Galpha13 has been shown to disrupt cell migration associated with angiogenesis in developing mouse embryos. Whereas these observations point to the vital role of G13-orthologs in regulating cell migration, widely across the species barrier, the mechanism by which Galpha13 couples to cytoskeleton and cell migration is largely unknown. Here we show that Galpha13 physically interacts with Hax-1, a cytoskeleton-associated, cortactin-interacting intracellular protein, and this interaction is required for Galpha13-stimulated cell migration. Hax-1 interaction is specific to Galpha13, and this interaction is more pronounced with the mutationally or functionally activated form of Galpha13 as compared with the wild-type Galpha13. Expression of Hax-1 reduces the formation of actin stress fibers and focal adhesion complexes in Galpha13-expressing NIH3T3 cells. Coexpression of Hax-1 also attenuates Galpha(13)-stimulated activity of Rho while potentiating Galpha13-stimulated activity of Rac. The presence of a quadnary complex consisting of Galpha13, Hax-1, Rac, and cortactin indicates the role of Hax-1 in tethering Galpha13 to the cytoskeletal component(s) involved in cell movement. Whereas the expression of Hax-1 potentiates Galpha13-mediated cell movement, silencing of endogenous Hax-1 with Hax-1-specific small interfering RNAs drastically reduces Galpha13-mediated cell migration. These findings, along with the observation that Hax-1 is overexpressed in metastatic tumors and tumor cell lines, suggest a novel role for the association of oncogenic Galpha13 and Hax-1 in tumor metastasis.
Primary CNS Lymphoma of T-Cell Origin: A Descriptive Analysis From the International Primary CNS Lymphoma Collaborative Group (2005)

This is the largest series ever assembled of TPCNSL. The presentation and outcome appear similar to that of B cell PCNSL. PS 0 or 1 and administration of MTX are associated with better survival.
Automatentheorie und formale Sprachen (2003)

Unter einem Automaten (Automaton) stellt man sich eine Maschine vor, die ihr Verhalten bis zu einem gewissen Grade selbst steuert [Hop02]. Für Anwendungen in Wissenschaft und Technik ist jedoch eine mathematische Präzisierung dieses Begriffs nötig. Historisch gesehen begann man sich für die Automatentheorie im Zusammenhang mit Relaisschaltungen, allgemeiner mit Schaltnetzen und Schaltwerken, zu interessieren, um deren Verhalten zu beschreiben. Wie in Kapitel 3 beschrieben, lässt sich ein Schaltwerk als ein Schaltnetz mit Rückkopplungen und Verzögerungen beschreiben, wohingegen Schaltnetze idealisierend als rückkopplungs- und verzögerungsfrei betrachtet werden. Weiter abstrahierend stellt man sich im Zusammenhang mit Automaten alle Eingangsvariablen als Eingabezeichen alle Ausgangsvariablen als Ausgabezeichen und die rückgekoppelten Ausgänge als interne Zustände vor. Automaten sind damit eine alternative Beschreibung von Schaltwerken, jedoch bei endlicher Anzahl von Zuständen — und das ist eine wesentliche Einschränkung — ohne einen prinzipiell unbegrenzten Speicher, d.h. mit nicht vorab definierter Kapazität.
Methodology for minimizing far-end noise coupling between interconnects in high-speed ceramic modules (2009)

In this paper, we present a methodology for minimizing far-end (FE) noise coupling between interconnects in high-speed ceramic modules. The high FE noise coupling between signal interconnects in ceramic modules has been a serious bottleneck for high-performance systems. A methodology employing power/ground mesh planes with minimized orthogonal lines and a via-connected coplanar-type shield (VCS) structure has been developed to minimize FE noise coupling between signal lines in ceramic modules. Optimized interconnect structure based on this methodology has demonstrated that the saturated FE crosstalk of a typical interconnect structure in ceramic modules could be reduced significantly by 88.7 %.
Various systems for measuring a car's visibility field (2000)

In his/her driving strategy, a driver looks for the information necessary for driving the vehicle. The visual system manages most of these data which come mainly from outside the passenger compartment. Consequently, visibility is a very important part of safety and comfort for the motorist. However, it is not easy to point out the limits of good or bad visibility. This paper deals with quite a few locus points regarding visibility, how to measure it, with which instruments. In this way, according to the objective data obtainable from these measures, we will be able to compare different cars to determine ergonomic features to be taken into consideration.
Practical System Design Considerations For Wideband Fiber Optic Links Using External Modulators (1988)

We investigated the application of integrated optic modulators (I0Ms) to wideband fiber optic communications systems. These integrated optic modulators differed in their electrode structures and method of optical launching. Signal-to-noise ratio, harmonic distortion, input impedance, and laser noise effects were measured as functions of modulation frequency and modulator bias voltage. We will present possible system design alternatives to improve operation of the IOM and performance of the overall fiber optic link.
SLC41A1 Is a Novel Mammalian Mg2+ Carrier (2008)

The molecular biology of mammalian magnesium transporters and their interrelations in cellular magnesium homeostasis are largely unknown. Recently, the mouse SLC41A1 protein was suggested to be a candidate magnesium transporter with channel-like properties when overexpressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Here, we demonstrate that human SLC41A1 overexpressed in HEK293 cells forms protein complexes and locates to the plasma membrane without, however, giving rise to any detectable magnesium currents during whole cell patch clamp experiments. Nevertheless, in a strain of Salmonella enterica exhibiting disruption of all three distinct magnesium transport systems (CorA, MgtA, and MgtB), overexpression of human SLC41A1 functionally substitutes these transporters and restores the growth of the mutant bacteria at magnesium concentrations otherwise non-permissive for growth. Thus, we have identified human SLC41A1 as being a bona fide magnesium transporter. Most importantly, overexpressed SLC41A1 provide HEK293 cells with an increased magnesium efflux capacity. With outwardly directed Mg(2+) gradients, a SLC41A1-dependent reduction of the free intracellular magnesium concentration accompanied by a significant net decrease of the total cellular magnesium concentration could be observed in such cells. SLC41A1 activity is temperature-sensitive but not sensitive to the only known magnesium channel blocker, cobalt(III) hexaammine. Taken together, these data functionally identify SLC41A1 as a mammalian carrier mediating magnesium efflux.
Pharmacological treatment of cognitive dysfunction in dementia disorders (1996)

Dementia represents a complex heterogeneity of disorders. For Alzheimer's disease great progress in the understanding of underlying genetical, neuropathological and neurochemical mechanisms of the disease has been made during recent years. A variety of therapeutic approaches with cognitive enhancing drugs have been tested in Alzheimer patients. Presently, four main treatment strategies prevail, namely transmitter replacement therapy, growth factors, anti-inflammatory drugs and drugs affecting amyloid processing in the brain. The transmitter therapy is so far the most explored and fruitful strategy. The cholinesterase inhibitor tacrine is in clinical use in many countries. Other cholinergic treatment strategies than cholinesterase inhibitors in development are selective muscarinic receptor agonists and nicotine receptor agonists. The selective 5HT re-uptake blockers might be complementary to drugs with more specific effect on cognition. Although treatment with growth factor therapy e.g. nerve growth factor in Alzheimer patients has given some promising results, further research is needed. Development of drugs affecting amyloid processing is still mainly on a preclinical level.
Domain Structures in Langmuir-Blodgett Films Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy (1993)

Investigations of phase-separated Langmuir-Blodgett films by atomic force microscopy reveal that on a scale of 30 to 200 micrometers, these images resemble those observed by fluorescence microscopy. Fine structures (less than 1 micrometer) within the stearic acid domains were observed, which cannot be seen by conventional optical microscopic techniques. By applying the force modulation technique, it was found that the elastic properties of the domains in the liquid condensed phase and grains observed within the liquid expanded phase were comparable. Small soft residues in the domains could also be detected. The influence of trace amounts of a fluorescence dye on the micromorphology of monolayers could be detected on transferred films.
Free Amino Acids in Serum of Patients with Epilepsy: Significant Increase in Taurine (1975)

More than half the amino acids determined in serum were lower in patients with epilepsy than in control subjects. Taurine was the only amino acid to be increased in epilepsy. The changes could represent a compensatory metabolic reaction to limit the imbalance of amino acids in epileptic brain and to facilitate uptake of taurine, which has an anticonvulsant action.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Overexpression of endothelin B receptor in glioblastoma: a prognostic marker and therapeutic target? (2018)

Survival curves based on clinical information obtained from GSE7696 and GSE16011 for Endothelin receptor type B (ETBR) mRNA expression in GBM. GSE7696 and GSE16011 cohort shows that over-median expression of ETBR has lower survival rate at 3 years than 5 years ( http://watson.compbio.iupui.edu/ ). Figure S2. ETBR mRNA expression in GSE42656 (A) and GSE50161 (B). No statistically significant difference was observed for ETBR expression in normal brain tissue compared to that of GBM patients, mirroring heterogeneity of disease. Figure S3. Overexpression of ETBR mRNA in different cancers of the TCGA cancer cohort is shown using The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE, https://portals.broadinstitute.org/ccle ). Numbers in parentheses indicate sample size. Figure S4. The ETBR-interacting proteins (up to second neighbor) were searched in different cancer signature genes as described [22] A). The number of ETBR-interacting proteins found to be signature genes in various cancer cohorts were shown. B) The association between cancer types and ETBR-interacting proteins suggests a possible role of ETBR in GBM and other cancers. Cancer types are shown with degree-based node shape and surrounding red circles, whereas ETBR-interacting proteins are shown with degree based nodes (orange). Figure S5. ETBR expression in different subtypes of GBM (A) and its correlation with survival (B) according to molecular classification [21]. Higher expression of ETBR in both ‘Classical’ and ‘Neural’ subtype tended to be correlated with poor overall survival. Figure S6. Relative expression of ETBR in various primary GBM cells, breast cancer lines (MCF-7, SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231), fibroblast (MRC-5), endothelial cells (HUVEC) and epithelial cells (RPE) as normalized to MRC-5. (DOC 2199 kb)
Estimation of Variance Components for Somatic Cell Counts to Determine Thresholds for Uninfected Quarters (1997)

The objective of this study was to determine the factors affecting somatic cell count (SCC), to estimate variance components of these factors, and to calculate and evaluate the thresholds for intramammary infection based on SCC. The infection status from 22,467 quarter milk samples from 544 cows in seven herds was determined. Infections status was the most important factor affecting SCC. The increase in SCC was more pronounced for major pathogens than for minor pathogens. Even after adjustment for infection status, the interaction between stage of lactation and parity was significant. For culture-negative samples within a lactation, the shape of the SCC curve was inversely related to the shape of the milk production curve. The shape of the SCC curve was flat for first lactation cows compared with the shape of the SCC curve for cows in subsequent lactations. The effect of clinical mastitis on SCC was significant. The use of SCC thresholds for specific parities and stages of lactation to detect intramammary infection improved quality parameters only slightly over a fixed threshold of 200,000 cells/ml.
Impact of Randomized Trials Comparing Conventional and Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair on Clinical Practice (2007)

PURPOSE: To report a retrospective study into the effects of trials on clinical decision-making regarding abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients suitable for both conventional open (OR) and endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to 1400 Dutch surgeons and trainees. Interviewees had to choose between OR and EVAR for AAA patients with and without comorbidity. Specifically, their preferences before and after the publication of 2 randomized trials (EVAR-1 and DREAM) were polled. RESULTS: Of the 524 (37%) questionnaires returned, 223 (43%) respondents treated AAA patients. Before publication of the trials, 160 (72%) preferred OR for the patient without comorbidity and 169 (76%) preferred EVAR for the patient with comorbidity. In total, 72 (32%) respondents changed their preference after the trials were published; however, there was no overall major shift. Focusing on the different cases revealed that the OR preference was significantly enhanced for the patient without comorbidity (p&lt;0.01), while the EVAR preference was significantly enhanced for the patient with comorbidity (p&lt;0.05). CONCLUSION: The randomized trials have not induced major overall changes in surgical decision-making for AAA patients suitable for both EVAR and OR.
Tin and Aluminium Concentration in Canned Foods, Drinks and Beverages Sold in Nigerian Markets (2013)

Concentration of tin and aluminium in twenty-four samples of different brands of canned foods, drinks and beverages sold in the Nigerian markets was determined using Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.This was with the aim of establishing the extent to which the containers leach into their contents and also the degree of health hazard such containers could cause.From the results obtained, for canned soft drinks; the mean average concentration ranged from <0.01-74.9gml -1 and for canned energy drinks and alcoholic drinks, they were below detection limits for tin but for aluminium, the mean average concentration ranged from <0.01-71.2g ml -1 .For canned beverage drinks; the mean average concentration ranged from <0.01-516.0gml -1 for tin and 9.76-387.5gml - for aluminium and for canned foods, the mean average concentration ranged from <0.01-202.9g ml -1 for tin and 5.25-63.6gml - for aluminium .In all the analyzed samples, some products had in excess of the limits while some were below the maximum limits established by WHO/FAO and EU which says according to EC 1881/2006 maximum limit for tin which says 200mg/kg in canned food other than beverages should be 100mg/kg including fruit and vegetable juices and 50mg/kg for baby food.It could be inferred that the metals container leached into the product more at low pH than at higher pH and it can also be leached into the products as a result of poor manufacturing processes.
Characterization and Mutational Analysis ofnodHPQGenes ofRhizobiumsp. Strain N33 (1996)

We have shown, by sequencing the nodulation gene region of Rhizobium sp. strain N33 previously isolated from the Canadian high arctic, that the nodHPQ genes are located in a 4.8-kb region downstream of nodBCIJ. The open reading frames of nodHPQ are 747, 906, and 1941 nucleotides long, respectively. The strain N33 genome contains one copy of nodH and two copies of nodPQ that are homologous to those genes in Rhizobium meliloti. Tn5 insertions in the nodHPQ genes of strain N33 did not affect the formation of nodules on the two homologous hosts, Astragalus cicer and Onobrychis viciifolia. Since strain N33 contains the nodBCIJHPQ genes and the recently sequenced nodAFEG genes, we looked for similar host range with R. meliloti. Strain N33 and R. meliloti strains A2 and RCR2011 were shown to induce the formation of root nodules on plants of O. viciifolia. However, strain N33, compared with R. meliloti strains, was able to elicit a few, white, empty, root nodules on Medicago sativa. R. meliloti strains, compared with strain N33, were shown to induce only few nodules containing bacteria on A. cicer. Induction of nod genes transcription in strain N33 was shown to be induced by a variety of flavonoid compounds that are different from those inducing nod genes from R. meliloti.
Fluoro‐Substituted Methyllithium Chemistry: External Quenching Method Using Flow Microreactors (2020)

Abstract The external quenching method based on flow microreactors allows the generation and use of short‐lived fluoro‐substituted methyllithium reagents, such as fluoromethyllithium, fluoroiodomethyllithium, and fluoroiodostannylmethyllithium. Highly chemoselective reactions have been developed, opening new opportunities in the synthesis of fluorinated molecules using fluorinated organometallics.
Differential lymphocyte reactivity to serum-derived metal-protein complexes produced from cobalt-based and titanium-based implant alloy degradation (2001)

The lymphocyte response to serum protein complexed with metal from implant alloy degradation was investigated in this in vitro study using primary human lymphocytes from healthy volunteers (n = 10). Cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy (Co-Cr-Mo, ASTM F-75) and titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V, ASTM F-136) beads (70 microm) were incubated in agitated human serum at 37 degrees C to simulate naturally occurring metal implant alloy degradation processes. Particulate free serum samples that had been incubated with metal were then separated into molecular weight based fractions. The amounts of soluble Cr and Ti within each serum fraction were measured and correlated with lymphocyte proliferation response to the individual serum fractions. Lymphocytes from each subject were cultured with 11 autologous molecular weight based serum fractions either with or without added metal. Two molecular weight ranges of human serum proteins were associated with the binding of Cr and Ti from Co-Cr-Mo and Ti implant alloy degradation (at <30 and 180-250 kDa). High molecular weight serum proteins ( approximately 180 kDa) demonstrated greater lymphocyte reactivity when complexed with Cr alloy and Ti alloy than low (5-30 kDa) and midrange (30-77 kDa) serum proteins. When the amount of lymphocyte stimulation was normalized to both the moles of metal and the moles of protein within each fraction (metal-protein complex reactivity index), Cr from Co-Cr-Mo alloy degradation demonstrated approximately 10-fold greater reactivity than Ti in the higher molecular weight serum proteins ( approximately 180 kDa). This in vitro study demonstrated a lymphocyte proliferative response to both Co-Cr-Mo and Ti alloy metalloprotein degradation products. This response was greatest when the metals were complexed with high molecular weight proteins, and with metal-protein complexes formed from Co-Cr-Mo alloy degradation.
Training Distributed GP Ensemble With a Selective Algorithm Based on Clustering and Pruning for Pattern Classification (2008)

A boosting algorithm based on cellular genetic programming (GP) to build an ensemble of predictors is proposed. The method evolves a population of trees for a fixed number of rounds and, after each round, it chooses the predictors to include in the ensemble by applying a clustering algorithm to the population of classifiers. Clustering the population allows the selection of the most diverse and fittest trees that best contribute to improve classification accuracy. The method proposed runs on a distributed hybrid environment that combines the island and cellular models of parallel GP. The combination of the two models provides an efficient implementation of distributed GP, and, at the same time, the generation of low sized and accurate decision trees. The large amount of memory required to store the ensemble affects the performance of the method. This paper shows that, by applying suitable pruning strategies, it is possible to select a subset of the classifiers without increasing misclassification errors; indeed for some data sets, for up to 30% of pruning, ensemble accuracy increases. Experimental results show that the combination of clustering and pruning enhances classification accuracy of the ensemble approach.
Automated methods for real-time analysis of spent-fuel measurement data (1988)

Software has been developed for ''real-time'' analysis of neutron and gamma data from GRAND-1/fork measurements on spent-fuel assemblies. Three modules compose the software package. The modules are linked through a database system of files. The first module is part of a general data-base processing code. This module prepares input data files with inventory and correction-factor information for the second module. The second module, called OLAF, operates on a computer attached to the GRAND-1 electronics unit. In this second module, neutron and gamma data from spent-fuel assemblies are analyzed to verify consistency in the facility operator declarations for exposure (burnup) and cooling time. From the analysis, potential discrepancies in the measurement data are questioned while equipment is still installed at the facility and is available for additional measurements. During the measurements, data are written to an output file, called a results file, which can be processed by the third module of the software package. In the third module, printed reports summarizing the data and results are prepared, and neutron and gamma data are written to files that are processed by the Deming curve-fitting code. 7 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs.
Progressive expansion of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage by coagulopathy (1998)

To test the hypothesis that an impaired coagulation system facilitates rapid expansion of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH), coagulation markers were assayed in plasma and their relations to both the hemorrhage size and its progressive expansion were analyzed. Ninety patients with HICH were studied. On admission, plasma samples were taken for the coagulation assay. Hematoma volume was calculated from a computed tomography (CT) scan and its enlargement was estimated by comparison to the volume of the hematoma calculated from a second CT scan taken later within 24 hr. Nine out of 90 patients showed enlargement in their hematoma size (enlarged hematoma group). Four of the enlarged hematoma group fell into acute fatal deterioration and died. Plasma levels of both fibrino peptide A (17.2+/-7.8 vs. 4.0+/-0.6 ng/ml, P < 0.05) and thrombin-antithrombin complex (21.9+/-3.1 vs. 7.4+/-2.8 ng/ml, not significant) were higher in the unchanged group than those in the enlarged hematoma group. In the hematoma-enlarged group fibrino-peptide A level did not exceed 10 ng/ml. In the hematoma unchanged group thrombin-AT-III complex values were positively correlated to hematoma volume. Thus, the coagulation system seemed to be highly activated depending on the hemorrhage volume within three hr after ictus in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients. When thrombin generation was not sufficient after bleeding, the hematoma seemed to be progressively enlarged. In conclusion, plasma levels of the coagulation markers on admission could be useful predictors of the possible enlargement of hematoma which leads to a poor outcome.