gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study of the Cascading Effects of Ambulance Diversion among Hospitals (2011)

This research effort is undertaken to determine the impact that one hospital’s diversion status has on other hospitals in a region and the strength of these interactions. The conditional probability of one hospital going on diversion given that another is already on diversion is evaluated. Based on this analysis, the strength of interactions among the hospitals is established. Through statistical analyses of historical data, the strength of the mutual effects of diversion among a collection of hospitals is determined. These effects are mutual if one hospital’s diversion status affected another’s, then the reverse was also true. The intensity of these interactions between hospitals is varied, some being stronger than others. The model illustrates an approach to studying the cascading effects of diversion among hospitals in a region. This is important, because the status of any hospital in a region can signal the likelihood of impending diversion in every other hospital in the region. This allows actions that might prevent the occurrence of diversion or mitigate the cascading effects of Emergency Medical Systems diversion.
Improved Aerosol Collection by Combined Impaction and Centrifugal Motion (1998)

ABSTRACT A new principle for collecting airborne particles, including microorganisms, has been introduced by injecting the particles into a swirling airflow from where they are removed onto a collection surface. A dry surface, a surface coated with an adhesive substance or a surface wetted by a liquid swirled onto the collection surface from a reservoir below can be used in the new collection method. The swirling air motion and aerosol injection into it are achieved by drawing the airborne particles through nozzles that are directed at an angle toward the collection surface. This principle has been incorporated into a new sampler that has been named “Swirling Aerosol Collector” (SAC; commercially available as the “BioSampler” from SKC Inc., Eighty Four, PA). The physical performance of the SAC has been evaluated against the widely used AGI-30 impinger by measuring the particle concentrations upstream and downstream of each sampler with an aerodynamic particle sizer. Tests with monodisperse polystyrene latex (PSL) particles ranging from 0.3 to 2.0 μm have shown that the SAC has better collection efficiency than the AGI-30 when the same collection liquid is used. A conventional impinger maintains constant collection efficiency for a relatively short sampling period, as the liquid evaporates quickly due to the violent bubbling of the liquid. In contrast to conventional impingers, the SAC can be used with nonevaporating liquids that are considerably more viscous than the liquids used in the impingers. Thus, the SAC can sample over any period of time. The new aerosol sampler produces minimal or no reaerosolization of particles collected in the liquid in contrast to significant reaerosolization in a conventional impinger. Since the SAC projects the aerosol particles toward the collection surface where they are removed from the swirling flow, it avoids or significantly reduces particle bounce from the collection surface even when the surface is dry.
Data from EZH2 Modifies Sunitinib Resistance in Renal Cell Carcinoma by Kinome Reprogramming (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Acquired and intrinsic resistance to receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKi) represents a major hurdle in improving the management of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Recent reports suggest that drug resistance is driven by tumor adaptation via epigenetic mechanisms that activate alternative survival pathways. The histone methyl transferase EZH2 is frequently altered in many cancers, including ccRCC. To evaluate its role in ccRCC resistance to RTKi, we established and characterized a spontaneously metastatic, patient-derived xenograft model that is intrinsically resistant to the RTKi sunitinib, but not to the VEGF therapeutic antibody bevacizumab. Sunitinib maintained its antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activity but lost its direct antitumor effects due to kinome reprogramming, which resulted in suppression of proapoptotic and cell-cycle–regulatory target genes. Modulating EZH2 expression or activity suppressed phosphorylation of certain RTKs, restoring the antitumor effects of sunitinib in models of acquired or intrinsically resistant ccRCC. Overall, our results highlight EZH2 as a rational target for therapeutic intervention in sunitinib-resistant ccRCC as well as a predictive marker for RTKi response in this disease. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 77(23); 6651–66. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The Image as Big Data Toolkit (2018)

This chapter is a brief introduction to the Image As Big Data Toolkit (IABDT), a Java-based open source framework for performing a variety of distributed image processing and analysis tasks. IABDT has been developed over the last two years in response to the rapid evolution of Big Data architectures and technologies, distributed and image processing systems. This chapter presents an architecture for image analytics that uses Big Data storage and compression methods. A sample implementation of our image analytic architecture called the Image as Big Data Toolkit (IABDT) addresses some of the most frequent challenges experienced by the image analytics developer. Baseline applications developed with IABDT, status of the toolkit and directions for future extension with emphasis on image display, presentation, and reporting case studies are discussed to motivate our design and technology stack choices. Sample applications built using IABDT, as well as future development plans for IABDT are discussed.
Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds. XLV. Synthetic Studies Using 2,3-Substituted Propenenitriles: Synthesis of 2-Amino-6-ethylthiopyridines and 3,4-Dihydropyridines (1985)

The i-eactions of malononitrile and arymethylrnalononitriles in alcohols-sodium ethanothiolate with 3-ql-Ziyampropenenitriles (1) are studied as a method of synthesis of 2-anino-4-aryl-3,54icyano4-ethylthiopyridines (2) and 2-~no-4;uyl-3-arylmethyl-3,54icyano4+thylthio-3,4dihydmpyridines (3) respectively.Canpounds 3 are isolated as a mixture of diastereoismers, here designated as n and 8.The structure of the 3a(B)isaner (Ar=Ar=Ph) has been detekned by X-Ray crystallography.qiridines 4 were obtained by hydqen cyanide elimination f m dihydmpyridines 3.-Am interesting procedure for the preparation of substituted 2-aminopyndines is the reaction OF propenenitriles with active hydrogen nitriles, in presence of a nucleophile reagent.Such pyridmes 1 -7 contain attached at 6-position, as substituent, the nucleophile employed.Following our previous worksld 2-amina-4-aryl-3,54icyano~~thylthiopyridines (2) were synthe~ sized by treatment of 3-1-Z~yanoprapenenitriles(1) with malononitrile in ethanol-sodium ethanothiolate.Using 2-pmpanal as solvent and arylmethy~slononitriles instead of malononitrile, we isolated 2~mino-4iuyi-3;uylmethyl-3,54icyano6~thylthio-3,4-dihydropyridines (2) as a mixture of diastereoismers that here we desiqn as n and 0 .
A One‐Pot “Triple‐C” Multicyclization Methodology for the Synthesis of Highly Constrained Isomerically Pure Tetracyclic Peptides (2018)

A broadly applicable one-pot methodology for the facile transformation of linear peptides into tetracyclic peptides through a chemoenzymatic peptide synthesis/chemical ligation of peptides onto scaffolds/copper(I)-catalyzed reaction (CEPS/CLIPS/CuAAC; "triple-C") locking methodology is reported. Linear peptides with varying lengths (≥14 amino acids), comprising two cysteines and two azidohomoalanines (Aha), were efficiently cyclized head-to-tail by using the peptiligase variant omniligase-1 (CEPS). Subsequent ligation-cyclization with tetravalent (T4<sub>1/2</sub> ) scaffolds containing two bromomethyl groups (CLIPS) and two alkyne functionalities (CuAAC) yielded isomerically pure tetracyclic peptides. Sixteen different functional tetracycles, derived from bicyclic inhibitors against urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and coagulation factor XIIa (FXIIa), were successfully synthesized and their bioactivities evaluated. Two of these (FF-T4<sub>1/2</sub> ) exhibited increased inhibitory activity against FXIIa, compared with a bicyclic control peptide. The corresponding hetero-bifunctional variants (UF/FU-T4<sub>1/2</sub> ), with a single copy of each inhibitory sequence, exhibited micromolar activities against both uPA and FXIIa; thus illustrating the potential of the "bifunctional tetracyclic peptide" inhibitor concept.
Dopaminergic Modulation of Glutamatergic Signaling in Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons (2009)

Dopamine (DA) controls a wide variety of striatal functions, including action selection and associative learning. This is achieved by modulating cortical and thalamic glutamatergic synapses formed on principal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and the way in which these signals are processed. Accumulating evidence suggests that D1 receptor signaling enhances dendritic excitability and glutamatergic signaling in striatonigral MSNs, whereas D2 receptor signaling exerts the opposite effect in striatopallidal MSNs. The functional antagonism between these two major striatal DA receptors extends to the regulation of synaptic plasticity. Using brain slices from DA receptor transgenic mice, recent studies have uncovered important differences between MSNs that shape long-term alterations in glutamatergic signaling with experience. These results are consistent with network models of striatal function, suggesting that DA acts in a push–pull fashion in action selection. Work in models of Parkinson’s disease has shown this bidirectionality is lost following DA depletion, pointing to the mechanisms underlying network dysfunction in this disease as well as in others with strong DA determinants like drug abuse.
The development of autonomous unmanned aircraft systems for mosquito control (2020)

We constructed an electric multi-rotor autonomous unmanned aerial system (UAS) to perform mosquito control activities. The UAS can be equipped with any of four modules for spraying larvicides, dropping larvicide tablets, spreading larvicide granules, and ultra-low volume spraying of adulticides. The larvicide module sprayed 124 μm drops at 591 mL/min over a 14 m swath for a total application rate of 1.6 L/ha. The tablet module was able to repeatedly deliver 40-gram larvicide tablets within 1.1 m of the target site. The granular spreader covered a 6 m swath and treated 0.76 ha in 13 min at an average rate of 1.8 kg/ha. The adulticide module produced 16 μm drops with an average deposition of 2.6 drops/mm2. UAS pesticide applications were made at rates prescribed for conventional aircraft, limited only by the payload capacity and flight time. Despite those limitations, this system can deliver pesticides with much greater precision than conventional aircraft, potentially reducing pesticide use. In smaller, congested environments or in programs with limited resources, UAS may be a preferable alternative to conventional aircraft.
Phosphorylation of Rhoptry Protein RhopH3 Is Critical for Host Cell Invasion by the Malaria Parasite (2020)

Merozoites formed after asexual division of the malaria parasite invade the host red blood cells (RBCs), which is critical for initiating malaria infection. The process of invasion involves specialized organelles like micronemes and rhoptries that discharge key proteins involved in interaction with host RBC receptors. RhopH complex comprises at least three proteins, which include RhopH3. RhopH3 is critical for the process of red blood cell (RBC) invasion as well as intraerythrocytic development of human malaria parasite <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> It is phosphorylated at serine 804 (S804) in the parasite; however, it is unclear if phosphorylation regulates its function. To address this, a CRISPR-CAS9-based approach was used to mutate S804 to alanine (A) in <i>P. falciparum</i> Using this phosphomutant (R3_S804A) of RhopH3, we demonstrate that the phosphorylation of S804 is critical for host RBC invasion by the parasite but not for its intraerythrocytic development. Importantly, the phosphorylation of RhopH3 regulates its localization to the rhoptries and discharge from the parasite, which is critical for RBC invasion. We also identified <i>P. falciparum</i> CDPK1 (PfCDPK1) as a possible candidate kinase for RhopH3-S804 phosphorylation and found that it regulates RhopH3 secretion from the parasite. These findings provide novel insights into the role of phosphorylation in rhoptry release and invasion, which is poorly understood.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Host cell invasion by the malaria parasite is critical for establishing infection in human host and is dependent on discharge of key ligands from organelles like rhoptry and microneme, and these ligands interact with host RBC receptors. In the present study, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of a key rhoptry protein, RhopH3, is critical for host invasion. Phosphorylation regulates its localization to rhoptries and discharge from the parasite.
First comparative emission assay of single-wall carbon nanotubes—solutions and dispersions (2003)

A variety of single-wall carbon nanotube samples were tested in steady-state and time-resolved emission experiments, where it was found that chemical functionalization and different degrees of oxidation affect the emission behavior.
Influence of Amylose Content on Properties of Wheat Starch and Breadmaking Quality of Starch and Gluten Blends (2001)

ABSTRACT The effects of amylose content on thermal properties of starches, dough rheology, and bread staling were investigated using starch of waxy and regular wheat genotypes. As the amylose content of starch blends decreased from 24 to 0%, the gelatinization enthalpy increased from 10.5 to 15.3 J/g and retrogradation enthalpy after 96 hr of storage at 4°C decreased from 2.2 to 0 J/g. Mixograph water absorption of starch and gluten blends increased as the amylose content decreased. Generally, lower rheofermentometer dough height, higher gas production, and a lower gas retention coefficient were observed in starch and gluten blends with 12 or 18% amylose content compared with the regular starch and gluten blend. Bread baked from starch and gluten blends exhibited a more porous crumb structure with increased loaf volume as amylose content in the starch decreased. Bread from starch and gluten blends with amylose content of 19.2–21.6% exhibited similar crumb structure to that of bread with regular wheat starch which contained 24% amylose. Crumb moisture content was similar at 5 hr after baking but higher in bread with waxy starch than in bread without waxy starch after seven days of storage at 4°C. Bread with 10% waxy wheat starch exhibited lower crumb hardness values compared with bread without waxy wheat starch. Higher retrogradation enthalpy values were observed in breads containing waxy wheat starch (4.56 J/g at 18% amylose and 5.43 J/g at 12% amylose) compared with breads containing regular wheat starch (3.82 J/g at 24% amylose).
Pragmatic generative optimization of novel structural lattice metamaterials with machine learning (2021)

Metamaterials, otherwise known as architected or programmable materials, enable designers to tailor mesoscale topology and shape to achieve unique material properties that are not present in nature. Additionally, with the recent proliferation of additive manufacturing tools across industrial sectors, the ability to readily fabricate geometrically complex metamaterials is now possible. However, in many high-performance applications involving complex multi-physics interactions, design of novel lattice metamaterials is still difficult. Design is primarily guided by human intuition or gradient optimization for simple problems. In this work, we show how machine learning guides discovery of new unit cells that are Pareto optimal for multiple competing objectives; specifically, maximizing elastic stiffness during static loading and minimizing wave speed through the metamaterial during an impact event. Additionally, we show that our artificial intelligence approach works with relatively few (3500) simulation calls.
A small domain communications system for personalized shopping assistance (2002)

By integrating wireless, video, speech and real-time data access technologies, a unique shopping assistant service can be created that personalizes the attention provided to a customer based on individual needs, without limiting his movement, or causing distractions for others in the shopping center. We have developed this idea into a service based on two products: a very high volume hand-held wireless communications device, the PSA (Personal Shopping Assistant), that the customer owns (or may be provided to a customer by the retailer), and a centralized server located in the shopping center to which the customer communicates using the PSA. The centralized server maintains the customer database, the store database and provides audio/visual responses to inquiries from tens of customers in real-time over a small area wireless network.
Overexpression and rapid purification of the orfE/rph gene product, RNase PH of Escherichia coli. (1992)

The pyrE gene, encoding the pyrimidine biosynthetic enzyme orotate phosphoribosyltransferase, is the promoter distal gene of the dicistronic orfE-pyrE operon. The promoter proximal orfE gene, whose transcription and translation is important for regulation of the pyrE attenuator, encodes a 238-amino acid residue protein which was recently identified as the phosphorolytic ribonuclease, RNase PH, that removes nucleotides from the 3' ends of tRNA precursors. In this paper we report the construction of a plasmid, which overexpresses the orfE and pyrE gene products substantially, as well as the purification of the OrfE protein by ammonium sulfate precipitation and chromatography on phosphocellulose. The highly purified protein catalyzes the phosphorolytic cleavage of poly(A) at a rate of 1.6 mumol/min/mg and the formation of CDP from tRNA-CCA-Cn and orthophosphate at a rate equal to 0.14 mumol/min/mg, as characteristic for RNase PH. OrfE/RNase PH contains helix-turn-helix motifs resembling those in DNA-binding proteins, and it binds nonspecifically to DNA. On SDS gels, OrfE/RNase PH migrates as two distinct protein bands. This heterogeneity might be caused by post-translational modification other than proteolysis, or may be an electrophoretic artifact. The native protein is composed of two or more subunits.
HaloFlippers: A General Tool for the Fluorescence Imaging of Precisely Localized Membrane Tension Changes in Living Cells (2020)

Tools to image membrane tension in response to mechanical stimuli are badly needed in mechanobiology. We have recently introduced mechanosensitive flipper probes to report quantitatively global membrane tension changes in fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) images of living cells. However, to address specific questions on physical forces in biology, the probes need to be localized precisely in the membrane of interest (MOI). Herein we present a general strategy to image the tension of the MOI by tagging our newly introduced HaloFlippers to self-labeling HaloTags fused to proteins in this membrane. The critical challenge in the construction of operational HaloFlippers is the tether linking the flipper and the HaloTag: It must be neither too taut nor too loose, be hydrophilic but lipophilic enough to passively diffuse across membranes to reach the HaloTags, and allow partitioning of flippers into the MOI after the reaction. HaloFlippers with the best tether show localized and selective fluorescence after reacting with HaloTags that are close enough to the MOI but remain nonemissive if the MOI cannot be reached. Their fluorescence lifetime in FLIM images varies depending on the nature of the MOI and responds to myriocin-mediated sphingomyelin depletion as well as to osmotic stress. The response to changes in such precisely localized membrane tension follows the validated principles, thus confirming intact mechanosensitivity. Examples covered include HaloTags in the Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, endolysosomes, and the ER, all thus becoming accessible to the selective fluorescence imaging of membrane tension.
Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Peramivir in a Hospitalized Adult Undergoing Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration (2011)

Peramivir is well cleared by CVVH, and drug exposure is potentially predictable based on flow rates. Further study is necessary.
Measurement of internal carotid artery stenosis from source MR angiograms. (1994)

Interpretation of source partitions rather than MIPs reduces the tendency for overestimation of stenosis with MR angiography and improves the specificity for discriminating 70%-99% stenosis.
[Revascularization for lower limbs thromboangiitis obliterans-early and mid-term outcome report]. (2013)

Outcomes of revascularization for TAO with lower limb severe ischemia are acceptable. Autogenous vein graft bypass should be first choice. Thrombolysis with angioplasty could be a reasonable choice for those had no satisfied autogenous vein graft.
Studies on the Chemical Modification of Arginine (1967)

Abstract The guanido group of arginine condenses with 1,2-cyclohexanedione in alkaline aqueous medium to form a new α-amino acid. The product(1,2-cyclohexanedione-arginine) was shown by independent synthesis to be N5-(4-oxo-1,3-diazaspiro[4.4]non - 2 - ylidene) - l - ornithine. At hydroxide concentrations of 0.2 n or higher, this was the principal product, and the reaction with free arginine and with the arginyl residues of model proteins was completed in 3 hours. At lower base concentration or with salmine at high base concentrations, a heterogeneous mixture of ninhydrin-positive products was observed. The reaction appears to be specific for the guanido group. Peptide maps of tryptic digests of 1,2-cyclohexanedione-treated chains of hemoglobin showed blocking of hydrolysis at arginyl bonds with no change in positions of tryptic peptides not adjacent to arginyl residues.
Multiresolution Motion Estimation For Omnidirectional Images (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Overall Systems Design Method for Evaluation of Electro-Hydraulic Power Supply Concepts for Modern Mid-Range Aircraft (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3953.vid It is an important task during conceptual design of aircraft on-board systems to identify tipping points, at which novel system technology concepts become superior to a state-of-the-art solution. Such a tipping point can occur, inter alia, at a specific size of an aircraft. For instance, zonal hydraulic power supply concepts, which generate the hydraulic power in the vicinity of the respective hydraulic actuation systems, reduce the amount of hydraulic pipe installations. While it has already been shown, that for a short-medium range aircraft the associated mass savings are outweighed by the additional electro-hydraulic power supply modules, the result might be different for a larger aircraft size. To answer such “what if” questions during the early design phases, system design methods are required, which balance fidelity and flexibility of analysis models on an overall systems level. In this paper, overall systems design (OSD) methods for an evaluation of electro-hydraulic (eH) power supply concepts are presented. They are exemplified by a system trade study comparing two eH power supply architectures for a modern mid-range aircraft – i.e. a centralized and a zonal arrangement. The results underline the importance of OSD methods, because the calculated mass savings on system-level which can be achieved with both eH supply concepts do not translate to savings in mission fuel mass and direct operating costs. Instead, a preliminary analysis of direct operating cost (DOC) indicates, that the system acquisition costs need to be lower for both eH power supply concepts compared to the conventional architecture to achieve the same total net present value (NPV) as a conventional systems architecture over an assumed product lifespan of 25 years.