gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of the Inhibitory Action of Linoleic Acid on the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus (1979)

Linoleic acid, but not stearic acid, inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 8325. Growth inhibition was associated with an increase in the permeability of the bacterial membrane. The presence of a plasmid conferring resistance to penicillin (PC plasmid, e.g. pI258blaI-) increased the growth inhibitory and membrane permeability effects of linoleic acid. Under growth inhibitory conditions, linoleic acid was incorporated into the lipid of both PC plasmid-containing and PC plasmid-negative bacteria and there was little difference between these cultures in the uptake or fate of linoleic acid. Experiments using a glycerol auxotroph of S. aureus suggested that free linoleic acid, rather than lipid containing this acid, inhibits growth. Linoleic acid probably inhibits growth by increasing the permeability of the bacterial membrane as a result of its surfactant action, and the presence of the PC plasmid increases these effects.
Ferroelectric memory transient analysis on read mode (1999)

It is known that the transient response of a ferroelectric material exhibits singular behavior due to hysteresis and dynamic capacitance characteristics. The authors have proposed a simulation model for the transient response of a ferroelectric material by using the dynamic capacitance derived from the hysteresis model as a dynamic time constant [1]. In this paper, the response characteristics of a ferroelectric memory at readout are examined by using the proposed transient response model. It is found that the read-out speed varies significantly with the load conditions and that an optimum point exists related to the detection sensitivity. The existence of an algorithm is demonstrated for a ferroelectric memory with a power consumption reduction while the readout is at a high speed. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 82(2): 39–47, 1999
Low-loss compact-size slotted waveguide polarization rotator and transformer (2007)

Two mode-evolution-based low-loss compact-size integrated polarization rotators and transformers are presented. They are designed to fulfill the tasks of rotating mode polarizations between Gaussian-like strip waveguide modes and non-Gaussian-like slotted waveguide modes, as well as the mode transforming between horizontal and vertical slotted waveguides. Consisting of several adiabatic tapers, the presented devices can achieve complete polarization rotations and transformations between different classes of waveguide modes with a device length of tens of micrometers and with a negligible insertion loss.
Announcement Capture System in Real Environments Using Recurrent Neural Network (2020)

Announcement is useful transmission mean. It is used in various places. Important information such as evacuation guidance in the case of emergency is often transmitted in the announcements. But some people miss it due to various factors. In this paper, we propose an announcement capture system to resolve that problems. The system consists of three steps: Firstly, announcements are detected in real environmental recordings. Secondly, duration of the announcement is extracted from detected sounds. Finally, extracted announcements are output in some form on user's device. For the first step to develop the proposed system, we validated the performance of the classifier to detect announcements. The classifier was trained in some features using BLSTM which is one of the methods of machine learning. In the validation experiment, the performances of each classifiers trained by varying features were compared. As results of the validation, the feature in the human perceptual aspect was effective to identify announcements. In addition to the result, it was considered that there is a possibility to improve the performance of announcement detection using the feature in the acoustic aspect. However, to incorporate the acoustic feature, reviewing the hyperparameters and removing surrounding sounds of the announcement are required.
Integrated Metamaterial Interfaces for Self-Aligned Fiber-to-Chip Coupling in Volume Manufacturing (2018)

Improving the scalability and cost efficiency of photonic packaging is central to fulfilling the silicon photonic promise of low-cost devices with unprecedented optical complexity. A key enabler toward this goal is an efficient, large-mode, integrated fiber coupler and mode converter. Using standard fiber modes at fiber-to-chip junctions avoids expensive in-fiber mode conversion and relaxes alignment tolerances for low-cost assembly and improved reliability. Metamaterial waveguides, also called subwavelength gratings, are particularly useful for such structures. They provide unmatched design flexibility and, counter-intuitively, are more forgiving to fabrication tolerances than solid-core waveguides. Here, we summarize our work on interfacing self-aligned, standard cleaved fibers to rectangular Si routing waveguides. Fiber V-grooves are integrated on chip with metamaterial converters embedded in suspended oxide membranes to prevent coupler-mode leakage to the substrate. We show optical results from first integration of V-grooves with metamaterial converters to commercial structures fabricated in 300 mm CMOS production facilities. We demonstrate a peak transmission of -0.7 dB on the TE polarization and -1.4 dB on the TM polarization with a respective spectral roll-off of 0.3 and 0.4 dB over the 60 nm bandwidth measured.
The potential of pyrolysis technology in climate change mitigation – influence of process design and –parameters, simulated in SuperPro Designer Software (2011)

This report investigates whether or not it would be possible to produce carbon-negative energy from pyrolysis of wheat straw in a series of Danish agricultural scenarios. A combination of process simulation in SuperPro Designer software, correlations derived from literature studies and experimental work, and overall balance calculations has been applied in the process. The study deviates from other studies of pyrolysis and biochar production by the inclusion of substitution energy impact on the overall carbon-balance. Substitution energy is integrated to account for the gap between the energy production from the pyrolysis and the full energy potential of the biomass, quantified by complete conversion in either combustion or gasification systems. It was concluded that it is feasible to produce carbon-negative energy under a variation of different settings, but also that the negative carbon-balance is only robust for the slow pyrolysis scenario. The CO2 benefit of the most carbon-negative slow pyrolysis process is estimated to be around 10 % of the atmospheric carbon stored in the original biomass when natural gas is applied for energy substitution. This process avoids the emission of around 150-200 kg CO2/ton wheat straw with substitution energy with a Denmark 2007 average carbon-intensity. This result is weighted against the net emissions of the carbon-“neutral” process of conventional combustion. This emission is in this report estimated to be around 50 – 150 kg CO2/ton straw depending on scenario settings. The final results of the study have been compared to another study with convincing results. Results concluded that the primary force of the pyrolysis technology is the recalcitrant char product and not the pyrolysis oil. Based on this, the study suggests that despite the trend in commercial pyrolysis technology that focuses on fast pyrolysis processes with maximized bio-oil production, the twin challenge of climate mitigation and sustainable energy production is most efficiently addressed with a combination of slow pyrolysis and complete biomass conversion through combustion or gasification instead.
Exploration of late blight quantitative resistance in potato diversity: QTL meta-analysis including the novel resistance sources Solanum sparsipilum and Solanum spegazzinii (2009)

International audience
Optimisation de la qualité visuelle dans le contexte de transmission sans fil d’images (2016)

International audience
Voltage stability analysis as part of an online DSA system (2009)

In this paper a voltage stability analysis is described, which is coupled with an online dynamic security and protection assessment system (DSA). The focus will lie on the calculated indices and their algorithms using time domain simulations. Because the online DSA collects information from four different modules, the voltage stability module, small signal stability module, the transient stability module and the protection module, the required information exchange between these modules is examined.
Mapping Esterel onto a Multi-Threaded Embedded Processor (Extended Abstract) (2006)

The synchronous language Esterel is well-suited for programming control-dominated reactive systems at the system level. It provides non-traditional control structures, in particular concurrency and various forms of preemption, which allow to concisely express reactive behavior. As these control structures cannot be mapped easily onto traditional, sequential processors, an alternative approach that has emerged recently makes use of special-purpose reactive processors. However, the designs proposed so far have limitations regarding completeness of the language support, and did not really take advantage of compile-time knowledge to optimize resource usage. This paper presents a reactive processor, the Kiel Esterel Processor 3a (KEP3a), and its compiler. The KEP3a improves on earlier designs in several areas; most notable are the support for exception handling and the provision of context-dependent preemption handling instructions. The KEP3a compiler presented here is to our knowledge the first for multi-threaded reactive processors. The translation of Esterel’s preemption constructs onto KEP3a assembler is straightforward; however, a challenge is the correct and efficient representation of Esterel’s concurrency. The compiler generates code that respects data and control dependencies using the KEP3a priority-based scheduling mechanism. We present a priority assignment approach that makes use of a novel concurrent control flow graph and has a complexity that in practice tends to be linear in the size of the program. Unlike earlier Esterel compilation schemes, this approach avoids unnecessary context switches by considering each thread’s actual execution state at run time. Furthermore, it avoids code replication present in other approaches.
ysla: Reusable and Configurable SLAs for Large-Scale SLA Management (2018)

Despite the pressing need for effective and automated Service Level Agreement (SLA) management in the Cloud computing industry, typical SLA management systems today do not foster re-usability and standardization of SLAs. From a technical perspective, it is difficult to provide reusable building blocks for formal SLAs that are concise and straight-forward to use, yet flexible enough to be re-used in new business engagements without further customization. As a result, extensive manual work is needed for setting up SLAs between business partners, slowing down new business engagements. In this industry paper, we outline novel routes for extending the state of the art in SLA management with regard to cross-client and cross-engagement re-usability in large-scale Cloud environments. Specifically, we present novel formal constructs for cross-engagement SLA templates in combination with engagement-specific classifiers for SLA-related monitoring data. We show a prototypical implementation in an SLA management suite, the ysla language and Engine, and report on the resulting improvements in conciseness and efficiency of SLA modeling by means of a real use-case example from industry.
Algorithmic Model of Microfacet BRDF for Monte Carlo Calculation of Optical Radiation Transfer (2003)

An algorithmic model of bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) based on the ray optics approximation and microfacet model of randomly rough surface is proposed. Its central idea is that for every incident ray, the normal vector to the surface undergoes a random perturbation, and the direction of specular reflection is calculated using this perturbed normal. Such behavior of the normal can be treated within the framework of a microfacet model of randomly rough surfaces. The algorithm allows one to model reflection from both isotropic and anisotropic surfaces, with twodimensional Gaussian and other probability density functions for the normal vector perturbations, and various geometrical attenuation functions. The proposed “perturbed normal microfacet (PNMF) model” exhibits experimentally observed effects such as increased reflectance near grazing incidence and off-specular peaks, and allows fast importance sampling. A weighted sum of Lambertian and PNMF BRDFs can be fitted to experimental data by varying the appropriate parameters. Adherence to the reciprocity principle and energy conservation law is demonstrated via results of forward and backward ray tracing. The PNMF model can be used in Monte Carlo calculations of radiative heat exchange among rough surfaces, in realistic image synthesis, lighting engineering, for modeling of such radiometric devices as blackbody radiation sources, integrating spheres in the infrared spectral range, cavity detectors of radiation, diffusely reflected panels, etc.
Research on the Economic Allocation Method of High-Penetrated Distributed Generations for Smoothing the Power Fluctuation of Active Distribution Network (2018)

With the increasing penetration of DG and electric vehicles in distribution network, ADN gradually takes the place of traditional distribution network, which also brings higher requirements to the configuration of distributed ESS; In this paper, we mainly discuss the problem of how to optimize the capacity of wind/photovoltaic/energy storage in ADN with high penetration of DG when the total power connected to the grid of DG is fixed, in order to realize the harmonization of the economic and stable operation in power grid. Firstly, the hybrid system is analysed, which demonstrated the feasibility and rationality of proposed scheme. Secondly, being in distributed network investors' shoes and considering the constraints of distributed network, DG and ESS, the wind/photovoltaic/energy storage capacity configuration bi-level optimization model is established with the objective function of maximum annual income and minimum fluctuation of DG output power. Then the genetic algorithm is used to solve this model. Finally, the experimental results of 33-bus system verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the influence of different penetration scenarios on the annual income of distributed network is also analysed to provide a new idea for the economic operation of ADN.
Configuration Method of P2P Network System with Transfer Support Nodes (2009)

The content distribution services via the Internet have become popular. However these services have some problems that prevent users from getting a file efficiently and there still remains much room for improving. In this paper, we focus on representative hybrid P2P[1] network application, BitTorrent[2], and try to resolve these problems. We propose the method for placing transfer support nodes, called SupportNode, by service providers to allow users to get contents efficiently and evaluate the method by using computer simulation.
Improving DNA Vaccines Targeting Viral Infection (2000)

DNA vaccination techniques have been recently under intensive investigation both preclinically and in human studies aimed at impacting viral infection. Collectively, DNA vaccines expressing viral antigens induce both antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses which in model systems are capable of impacting viral infection. However, in clinical settings the potency of this approach is still under investigation. Efficacy is improved in specific circumstances through the addition of immunomodulatory molecules including cytokines as plasmid cassettes or through modification of the numbers of specific CpG sequences present in the backbone. Furthermore, combined vaccination schemes have been an important research focus for generating enhanced immunogenicity against viral infections. The ultimate utility of these approaches to prevent viral infection will require more work. However, improvements in the potency and focus of DNA vaccines present us with new opportunities for both basic research into protective immunity as well as novel strategies for immune therapy and prophylaxis.
Comparison of Blind Source Separation Algorithms for Optical Heart Rate Monitoring (2014)

Monitoring of physiological signals of an individual via remote and contactless means is an important scientific challenge, whose resolution will enable the development of novel, non-intrusive mHealth and wellness-management systems and services. In this paper, the performance of three blind source
39 (1998)

Anninq, Peter B; Chen, Yan; Nicholas, ; Lamb, J; Mumby, Sharon; Quinlan, Gregory J; Gutteridqe, John MC; Evans, Timothy W Author Information
Sorptive polymeric materials and photopatterned films for gas phase chemical microsensors (2003)

The selective layer on a gas phase chemical microsensor plays a critical role in the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor's response. Polymers can rapidly and reversibly absorb vapor molecules. As sorptive layers on chemical sensors, polymers are useful for a variety of chemical microsensor types and transduction mechanisms, either as is or as composites with conductive particles or dyes. The performance requirements for polymers are described in terms of their chemical and physical properties. A versatile synthetic approach for preparing sensing polymers has been developed using hydrosilylation chemistry to prepare carbosiloxane polymers. Polymers with diverse chemical selectivities have been prepared by this method. Furthermore, sorptive polymer materials can be photopatterned into defined areas on surfaces using a photoactivated catalyst and hydrosilylation chemistry. Polymer films with diverse chemical selectivities have been patterned with this new method.
Frontiers in combustion techniques and burner designs for emissions control and CO2capture: A review (2019)

The use of fossil fuel is expected to increase significantly by midcentury because of the large rise in the world energy demand despite the effective integration of renewable energies in the energy production sector. This increase, alongside with the development of stricter emission regulations, forced the manufacturers of combustion systems, especially gas turbines, to develop novel combustion techniques for the control of NOx and CO2 emissions, the latter being a greenhouse gas responsible for more than 60% to the global warming problem. The present review addresses different burner designs and combustion techniques for clean power production in gas turbines. Combustion and emission characteristics, flame instabilities, and solution techniques are presented, such as lean premixed air-fuel (LPM) and premixed oxy-fuel combustion techniques, and the combustor performance is compared for both cases. The fuel flexibility approach is also reviewed, as one of the combustion techniques for controlling emissions and reducing flame instabilities, focusing on the hydrogen-enrichment and the integrated fuel-flexible premixed oxy-combustion approaches. State-of-the-art burner designs for gas turbine combustion applications are reviewed in this study, including stagnation point reverse flow (SPRF) burner, dry low NOx (DLN) and dry low-emission (DLE) burners, EnVironmental burners (including EV, AEV, and SEV burners), perforated plate (PP) burner, and micromixer (MM) burner. Special emphasis is made on the MM combustor technology, as one of the most recent advances in gas turbines for stable premixed flame operation with wide turndown and effective control of NOx emissions. Since the generation of pure oxygen is prerequisite to oxy-combustion, oxygen-separation membranes became of immense importance either for air separation for clean oxy-combustion applications or for conversion/splitting of the effluent CO2 into useful chemical and energy products. The different carbon-capture technologies, along with the most recent carbon-utilization approaches towards CO2 emissions control, are also reviewed.
Analysis and testing of distributed NoSQL datastore Riak (2015)

Cieľom prace bola analýza vzťahov medzi konzistenciou, latenciou a dostupnosťou v NoSQL distribuovanom databazovom systeme Riak. Analýza Riaku zahŕňala teoreticke nastudovanie mechanizmov, ktore vylepsuju konzistenciu a dostupnosť systemu. Sucasťou prace bola aj analýza existujucich metrik služiacich na vyhodnotenie konzistencie dat. Zaroveň sa navrhli nove metriky pre vsetky skumane vlastnosti Riaku. Na zaklade výsledkov teoretickej analýzi bola vytvorena distribuovana testovacia aplikacia simulujuca vzajomnu komunikaciu medzi databazou a klientmi. Výsledky experimentov boli vytvorene použitim navrhnutej aplikacie a ich vyhodnotenie bolo realizovane použitim definovaných metrik.
Rotor-Stator Contact – Overview of Current Research (2014)

The aim of this paper is to provide a compact as well as comprehensive overview of Rotor-Stator Contact in rotor dynamics. A general model is described which accounts for most phenomena of Rotor-Stator Contact observed in literature. This model is compared to different modeling approaches used in the previous literature. A glance on the variety of motion patterns including analytical approaches to the synchronous motion and Backward Whirl motion is given. As an outlook a modal reduction technique is pointed out, which is capable of reducing systems with many degrees of freedom for rotor as well as stator to the described model.
Photon-stimulated desorption study of a SiO2 film surface (1991)

Photon-stimulated desorption (PSD) experiments on thermal oxide films on Si have been performed using synchrotron radiation with photon energies in the Si 2p core-level excitation region, to investigate the chemical nature of the film surface. Mass analysis of the PSD ions is performed using a time-of-flight technique. H+ is found to be the dominant ion species that desorbs from the film surface. It is observed that the H+ PSD ion yield decreases exponentially with increasing the irradiation time of incident photons. The H+ PSD ion yield as a function of photon energy exhibits a close similarity in spectral shape to the photoabsorption spectrum of SiO2. The present experimental results confirm us that hydrogen atoms exists on the outermost layer of SiO2 film, and provide direct evidence for Si–OH and Si–H termination of SiO2 films.