gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Phospho-Amino Acid Analogues as Tissue Adhesive Cement Additives (2019)

We report the synthesis of a library of phospho-amino acid analogues using a novel allyl-phosphoester deprotection strategy. By reacting phenols and alcohols with a combination of POCl3 and allyl alcohol we generate protected phosphoesters that can be subsequently deprotected via treatment with Pd(OAc)2. We go on to show that the generated phosphoserine and phosphotyrosine analogues can be used to generate adhesive calcium phosphate cements with potential applications in the treatment of bone defects. In particular, we use mechanical testing to demonstrate the importance of multiple calcium binding motifs and steric arrangement in promoting adhgesive strength.
Abstract 309: Deletion of a Specific Type-I Transforming Growth Factor-beta Receptor Attenuates Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Development (2016)

Introduction: Pathological remodeling with thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) occurs as a result of an imbalance between deposition and degradation of the extracellular matrix. TGF-β is a soluble peptide growth factor that signals through a heteromeric receptor complex involving two type-I receptors (either TGF-βR1 or ALK-1) to regulate matrix homeostasis. Alterations in type-1 TGF-β receptor abundance are coincident with TAA formation, suggesting matrix regulation shifts from a TGFβR1 to an ALK-1 mediated pathway. This study tested the hypothesis that ALK-1 signaling is required for TAA development. Methods and Results: TAAs were induced (periadventitial CaCl 2 : 0.5 M, 15 mins) in TGF-βR1- (TGF-βR1 +/- ), and ALK-1 +/- deficient mice, and compared to wild-type littermate controls. Baseline aortic diameters (pre-procedural) were similar in TGF-βR1 +/- (795±42 μm), ALK-1 +/- (712±46 μm), and control animals (744±52 μm TGF-βR1 +/- line; 735±22 ALK-1 +/- line). Mice were randomized for terminal study (biochemistry, histology) at 2, 4, 8, or 16 weeks (7-10 mice/group, M/F) post-TAA induction. The change in aortic diameter was computed for each mouse as a percent increase from its own baseline measurement. Aortic dilatation was observed in all groups at 2 weeks post-TAA induction and continued to increase through 16-weeks. However, the change aortic dilation over time was attenuated in the ALK-1 +/- deficient mice vs. littermate control (Figure). Conclusions: These results demonstrate that signaling through the ALK-1 receptor is necessary for TAA development, and suggest that therapeutic strategies aimed at ALK-1 inhibition may reduce or prevent the clinical progression of TAA.
Experimental constraints on the chemical evolution of icy satellites (2000)

The inferred internal structure of large icy satellites hinges on the degree to which their rock component has been hydrated: this is due to the low density of hydrated silicates relative to anhydrous silicates. Accordingly, interior models of icy satellites have varied greatly in their estimates of ice thickness due to uncertainties in the density of the underlying rock. Furthermore, as both H{sub 2}O (potentially liquid) and organic materials are likely to be present, icy moons have been postulated to be possible hosts for extraterrestrial life; therefore, the stability of organic material under relevant hydrothermal conditions is an important issue. For example, Ganymede, Titan, and Triton are similar in that high pressure hydrothermal processing of silicates has likely been important in their chemical evolution. With mean densities between 1.8 and 2.1 g/cm{sup 3}, compositional models of these bodies incorporate approximately 50--80% silicate minerals by weight, with ices constituting the remaining mass. Moment of inertia constraints on the internal structure of Ganymede demonstrate that differentiation between rock and ice has occurred: such differentiation has also likely occurred in Titan and Triton. During accretion and differentiation (which could be ongoing), the silicate fraction of their interiors would have interacted with aqueous fluids at moderate to high temperatures and pressures. Indeed, a strong magnetic field appears to be generated by Ganymede implying that interior temperatures are high enough (in excess of 1,000 K) to maintain a liquid iron alloy in this satellite. High temperature/pressure hydrothermal processing at rock-water interfaces would profoundly influence the bulk mineralogy and internal structure of these bodies: the degree of hydration of the rocky fraction of these bodies has been a source of ongoing uncertainty. Surprisingly few phase equilibria data exist for compositions of relevance to hydrothermal interactions on icy satellites, and thermodynamic calculations have provided the best insights into the interiors of these bodies thus far. Interestingly, the relevant conditions for hydrothermal interactions on these satellites actually lie at higher pressures than those of hydrothermal flow through terrestrial oceanic crust. This is simply because while gravitational acceleration is considerably lower on icy satellites than on Earth, the extreme thickness of ice on these bodies (up to 1,000 km) results in correspondingly higher H{sub 2}O pressures.
Interstrand cross-linking by Adriamycin in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA of MCF-7 cells (2000)

Activation of Adriamycin by formaldehyde leads to the formation of drug-DNA adducts in vitro and these adducts stabilise the DNA to such a degree that they function as virtual interstrand cross-links. The formation of these virtual interstrand cross-links by Adriamycin was investigated in MCF-7 cells using a gene-specific interstrand cross-linking assay. Cross-linking was measured in both the nuclear-encoded DHFR gene and in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Cross-link formation increased linearly with Adriamycin concentration following a 4 h exposure to the drug. The rate of formation of Adriamycin cross-links in each of the genomes was similar, reaching maximal levels of 0.55 and 0.4 cross-links/10 kb in the DHFR gene and mtDNA respectively, following exposure to 20 micro M Adriamycin for 8 h. The interstrand cross-link was short lived in both DNA compartments, with a half-life of 4.5 and 3.3 h in the DHFR gene and mtDNA respectively. The kinetics of total Adriamycin adduct formation, detected using [(14)C]Adriamycin, was similar to that of cross-link formation. Maximal adduct levels (30 lesions/10 kb) were observed following incubation at 20 micro M drug for 8 h. The formation of such high levels of adducts and cross-links could therefore be expected to contribute to the mechanism of action of Adriamycin.
Cascade Distillation Subsystem Hardware Development for Verification Testing (2007)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Water recovery from wastewater is essential for the success of long-term missions to the Moon and Mars and human crew operations during explorations of these planets. Honeywell International and the team consisting of Thermodistillation Co. ( Kyiv, Ukraine) and NASA JSC Crew and Thermal Systems Division are developing an efficient wastewater processing subsystem that is based on centrifugal vacuum distillation. This subsystem will be tested at the NASA JSC Advanced Water Recovery Systems Development Facility. The Wastewater Processing Cascade Distillation Subsystem (CDS) utilizes an innovative and proven multi-stage thermodynamic process to produce purified water efficiently, and its rotary centrifugal design provides gas/liquid phase separation and liquid transport (pumping) under microgravity conditions.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Key performance and success criteria for the subsystem design are: water production rate of 5 kg/hr max., specific power consumption at less than ∼140 W/kg, and the successful operation of the technology at NASA-JSC. The system will operate in automatic mode and the control algorithms have been formulated and tested experimentally.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper discusses activities for the second year of the program, which include subsystem design, component development, selection and evaluation, subsystem construction, packaging and verification. Challenges and findings gained from experience that will be used for maturing the CDS and any other wastewater processing subsystems for future space exploration missions will also be discussed in this paper.&lt;/div&gt;
Endogenous ouabain in cardiovascular function and disease (2008)

An endogenous ouabain has been isolated and conclusively identified from several mammalian tissues, including human plasma, by a number of independent laboratories. Substantial evidence from independent laboratories in several continents is consistent with an adrenal source for most if not all of the circulating endogenous ouabain. Accumulating evidence suggests that circulating levels of endogenous ouabain in humans are modulated by dietary salt and chronic volume status. Endogenous ouabain is linked significantly with vascular function in hypertension and likely impacts the pathogenesis of heart and renal failure. Moreover, the molecular mechanism of endogenous ouabain-linked hypertension involves the sodium pump/sodium-calcium exchange duet. The outstanding analytical issues include the elucidation of distal events in the biosynthetic pathway for endogenous ouabain and identification of molecular mechanisms that regulate its secretion and clearance.
A Novel Intersectional Buddleja Hybrid (2004)

Buddleja indica Lam. is encountered frequently as a houseplant or a conservatory specimen and is attractive ornamentally for its oak-shaped foliage. Buddleja indica , a tetraploid African species, 2 n = 76, was crossed to the Asiatic tetraploid species B . davidii Franch. The F 1 generation was intermediate in foliage character between the two parents. Flowers of the F 1 were either white or light lavender in color and the number of flowers per inflorescence was intermediate between the parents. The F 1 plants were fertile. These hybrids might be suitable for greenhouse or container culture due to their attractive foliage and floral display.
3D Extension of the 3GPP/ITU Channel Model (2013)

Recently there have been proposals to extend MIMO processing to the elevation dimension in addition to the azimuth direction. To accurately assess the promised gains of these "3D-MIMO" techniques, a channel model is needed that accurately accounts for the elevation angles of the rays. In addition it would be desirable for the 3D channel model to be a simple extension of an already defined 2D channel model to allow for ease of implementation and to assist the 3GPP standardization effort in the 3D MIMO area. In this paper we propose an extension of the ITU 2D channel model to 3D by adding a distance dependent elevation spread based on observations from ray tracing. Through system-level simulations we observe that the behavior of 3D MIMO is greatly impacted by the modeling of the 3D channel.
Anamorphic high-NA EUV lithography optics (2015)

EUV lithography (EUVL) for a limit resolution below 8 nm requires the numerical aperture (NA) of the projection optics to be larger than 0.50. For such a high-NA optics a configuration of 4x magnification, full field size of 26 x 33 mm² and 6’’ mask is not feasible anymore. The increased chief ray angle and higher NA at reticle lead to non-acceptable mask shadowing effects. These shadowing effects can only be controlled by increasing the magnification, hence reducing the system productivity or demanding larger mask sizes. We demonstrate that the best compromise in imaging, productivity and field split is a so-called anamorphic magnification and a half field of 26 x 16.5 mm² but utilizing existing 6’’ mask infrastructure. We discuss the optical solutions for such anamorphic high-NA EUVL.
Captive Seawater Fishes: Science and Technology (1992)

Chemical Processes. Biological Processes. Physical Processes. Physiology. Sensory Perception. Behavior. Space. Nutrition. Health. Exhibition. Notes and References. Appendix. Literature Cited. Index.
Effects of rhythm regularization and rate control in improving left ventricular function in atrial fibrillation patients undergoing atrioventricular nodal ablation. (2001)

Rhythm regularity achieved by a regularizing pacing algorithm can significantly, albeit modestly, improve left ventricular function in AF. However, more marked improvements in left ventricular function seen after ablation are primarily due to rate reduction alone.
Quadratic spatial solitons in bulk periodically poled KTP (2003)

Summary from only given. We report on the generation of single and multiple quadratic spatial solitons in a different periodically poled ferroelectric which does not exhibit significant photorefractive damage and hence can be operated at room temperature, namely biaxial KTiOPO/sub 4/.
Mycobacterium abscessus—Bronchial Epithelial Cells Cross-Talk Through Type I Interferon Signaling (2019)

<b>Introduction:</b><i>Mycobacteria</i> are aerobic non-motile organisms with lipid rich, hydrophobic cell walls that render them resistant to antibiotics. While there are over 150 different species of NTM, <i>Mycobacterium avium complex</i> (MAC) and <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> (MAB) are two of the most common culprits of pulmonary infection. MAB has been found to be most common in southeastern United States (Florida to Texas) and the third most rapidly growing NTM infection. It is responsible for chronic lung infections. Mycobacterial cell wall components initiate the interaction between bacteria and host. The reaction between bronchial epithelia and components in the envelope of mycobacterial cell wall is poorly understood. <b>Methods:</b> A lung-on-membrane model was developed with normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells re-differentiated at the air-liquid interface (ALI) and human endothelial cells on a transwell<sup>®</sup> polyester membrane. Microparticles from MAB cell walls were developed by an inhouse protocol and added to the ALI side of lung model. NHBE cells were harvested at day 3. RNA was isolated and analyzed with RNASeq. NHBE cells were lysed and protein assay was performed with western blot. We tested whether lung INF-alpha expression would increase in mice treated with intratracheal MAB cell wall particles. A paired <i>t</i>-test is used to compare two population means using GraphPad Prism 7 software. <b>Results:</b> RNAseq analysis identified 1759 differentially expressed genes between NHBE cells challenged with and without MAB microparticles with FDR < 0.5. 410 genes had a 2.5-fold change (FC) or greater. NHBE cells exposure to MAB microparticles significantly enriched the IFN I signaling pathway. Protein overexpression of IFN I family (2'-5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase 1, Interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx1, Interferon-stimulated gene 15) was found in bronchial epithelial cells following exposure to MAB cell wall microparticles. IFN-α protein and gene expressions were significantly increased in mice lung challenged with microparticles in comparison with controls. <b>Conclusion:</b> These data strongly support the role of Type I IFN in cross-talk between NHBE cells and MAB. They also suggest that initiating immune response by NHBE cells may play a central role in innate immunity. Furthermore, this study underscores the importance of mycobacterial cell wall in initiating innate immune response.
Load data transferability. Final report (1984)

Load data transfer is a procedure whereby electric utility load data are modified to reflect conditions other than those under which the data were collected. The modified, or transferred, data can substitute for metered load data, potentially reducing the costs of data development in support of utility planning and regulatory activities. This report defines an analytic framework for transferring utility load data and represents an initial effort in applying the framework in transferring residential loads. The report identifies and evaluates alternative approaches to load data transfer. Three structural techniques--identified as the buildup, adjustment, and hybrid techniques--are developed and applied in selected demonstration projects using actual utility load research data and service area characteristics. The report concludes that effective load data transfer is feasible. Because the project represents an initial effort in a new area of research, the report focuses attention on data availability and analytic issues that limit the development of specific transfer methods and their application. Recommendations for next steps and further analysis are presented.
Phototransposition Chemistry of Phenylisothiazoles and Phenylthiazoles. 1. Interconversions in Benzene Solution (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhototransposition Chemistry of Phenylisothiazoles and Phenylthiazoles. 1. Interconversions in Benzene SolutionJames W. Pavlik, Pakamas Tongcharoensirikul, Nigel P. Bird, A. Colin Day, and John A. BarltropCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 6, 2292–2300Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00085a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00085a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1189Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Passive equalization of semiconductor diode laser frequency modulation (1989)

Optical heterodyne communication systems using direct-frequency-modulated (FM) semiconductor diode lasers often exhibit system degradation because of the nonuniform injection-current-to-FM transfer function present in most semiconductor diode lasers. In a FSK system, a nonuniform FM transfer function causes tone drift which results in increased crosstalk between time slots and a corresponding degradation in system bit-error rate (BER). Using simple passive electrical networks it is possible to equalize the nonuniform FM response and substantially reduce this transfer-function-induced BER degradation. The theory, computer optimation, construction, and test of various equalization networks and their use in realizing an FM-equalized transmitter for a 100-Mb/s binary FSK communication system is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Involvement of oxidative stress in hydroquinone-induced cytotoxicity in catalase-deficientEscherichia colimutants (2005)

Hydroquinone is a benzene-derived metabolite. To clarify whether the reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in hydroquinone-induced cytotoxicity, we constructed transformants of Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains that express mammalian catalase gene derived from catalase mutant mice (Cs(b), Cs(c)) and the wild-type (Cs(a)) using a catalase-deficient E. coli UM255 as a recipient. Specific catalase activities of these tester strains were in order of Cs(a) > Cs(c) > Cs(b) > UM255, and their susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) showed UM255 > Cs(b) > Cs(c) > Cs(a). We found that hydroquinone exposure reduced the survival of catalase-deficient E. coli mutants in a dose-dependent manner significantly, especially in the strains with lower catalase activities. Hydroquinone toxicity was also confirmed using zone of inhibition test, in which UM255 was the most susceptible, showing the largest zone of growth inhibition, followed by Cs(b), Cs(c) and Cs(a). Furthermore, we found that hydroquinone-induced cell damage was inhibited by the pretreatment of catalase, ascorbic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and augmented by superoxide dismutase (both CuZnSOD and MnSOD). The present results suggest that H2O2 is probably involved in hydroquinone-induced cytotoxicity in catalase-deficient E. coli mutants and catalase plays an important role in protection of the cells against hydroquinone toxicity.
Analysis of the asymptotic and short-range behavior of quasilocal Hartree-Fock and Dirac-Fock-Coulomb electron-electron interaction potentials (2002)

The analytic origin behavior of Hartree-Fock and Dirac-Fock-Coulomb electron-electron interaction potentials is derived. This yields explicit expressions, which depend on $〈{1/r}^{n}〉$ matrix elements. The direct part of the electron-electron interaction including the self-interaction is equal for all shells. If the self-interaction is subtracted the Coulomb part will become shell dependent. Additional shell dependence of the origin behavior originates from the true exchange-interaction terms. For the Dirac-Fock-Coulomb operator we find singular behavior for non s shells, if a Coulomb-type electron-nucleus potential is used, while it is nonsingular for s shells. For all shells in case of finite nuclear models, the electron-electron interaction potentials are nonsingular at the origin. A comparison of potentials for the small and large component of the relativistic radial spinor shows that they are equal in the long-range limit, while this is not true, in general, at the origin. The analytic results presented are tested by comparing them to numerical results obtained for the zinc atom.
[Influence of anti-lactate dehydrogenase M antibodies on the proliferation of KB tumor cells]. (1976)

The IgG antilactate-dehydrogenase M inhibits the corresponding isozyme in the KB tumoral cells cultivated in vitro. It has an inhibitory action on the prliferation of these cells. These data corroborate those obtained previously with chemical inhibitors of LDH-M.
Genetic Algorithm-Based Structure Optimization and Load-Carrying Analysis for the Body Frame of Heavy-Duty AGVs (2018)

For a 2-ton heavy-duty automated guided vehicle (AGV), structure optimization and load-carrying analysis are investigated in order to improve the dynamics response performance and the energy utilization efficiency of the AGV frame. The mechanical and geometric constraints are firstly defined for the structure optimization of the AGV frame. Secondly, a multi-objective optimization function is formulated for the structure size, and then the optimal solution is solved by means of the genetic algorithm.