gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of an intravenous nanocrystal formulation of meloxicam in the management of moderate-to-severe pain after bunionectomy (2018)

Meloxicam IV was generally safe and well tolerated in subjects with moderate-to-severe post-bunionectomy pain. Once-daily administration of meloxicam IV 30 mg and 60 mg exhibited rapid onset of analgesia (as early as 15 minutes) with maintenance of analgesic effect for two consecutive 24-hour periods.
A Scientific Analysis of Stored Plastic Fire Tests (1983)

An analysis is made of freeburn and sprinklered Plastic Storage Tests conducted at Factory Mutual Research Corporation (FMRC) from 1970 to 1979. The analysis includes: 1) the freeburn fire growth rates dependent on plastic commodity and storage arrangement; 2) the temperature histories in the freeburn fires; 3) the response time of the first sprinkler operation in the sprinklers operation in the sprinklered tests; and 4) the number of sprinklers (and, therefore, indirectly the fire severity) activated as a function of the growth rate and the maximum burning rate measured in freeburn tests. Fire growth rates depend on the overall geometry of the array, on the arrangement and the volume occupied by the plastic commodities inside the carboard boxes. Temperature histories near the ceiling are correlated using relations applicable for unsteady fires. The sprinkler response time can be predicted by a simple expression of the heating history of a sprinkler fusing element in a growing fire. Based on the experimental results, it is suggested that the number of sprinklers activated in the sprinklered tests depends on a characteristic growth time of the freeburn fire growth and on the heat release rate at the moment of first sprinkler activation. Freeburn tests are not sufficient in general to classify the hazard which a commodity and storage arrangement will present to a specific sprinkler protection. An additional parameter required for classification is the time characteristic for fire extinction or control, which depends on the sprinklers and the geometry and contents of the stored plastic configuration.
Evaluating the impacts of amino acids in the second and outer coordination spheres of Rh-bis(diphosphine) complexes for CO2 hydrogenation (2018)

To explore the influence of a biologically inspired second and outer coordination sphere on Rh-bis(diphosphine) CO2 hydrogenation catalysts, a series of five complexes were prepared by varying the substituents on the pendant amine in the P(Et)2CH2NRCH2P(Et)2 ligands (PEtNRPEt), where R consists of methyl ester modified amino acids, including three neutral (glycine methyl ester (GlyOMe), leucine methyl ester (LeuOMe), and phenylalanine methyl ester (PheOMe)), one acidic (aspartic acid dimethyl ester (AspOMe)) and one basic (histidine methyl ester (MeHisOMe)) amino acid esters. The turnover frequencies (TOFs) for CO2 hydrogenation for each of these complexes were compared to those of the non-amino acid containing [Rh(depp)2]+ (depp) and [Rh(PEtNMePEt)2]+ (NMe) complexes. Each complex is catalytically active for CO2 hydrogenation to formate under mild conditions in THF. Catalytic activity spanned a factor of four, with the most active species being the NMe catalyst, while the slowest were the GlyOMe and the AspOMe complexes. When compared to a similar set of catalysts with phenyl-substituted phosphorous groups, a clear contribution of the outer coordination sphere is seen for this family of CO2 hydrogenation catalysts.
Effects of moisture content on liquefaction of victorian brown coal. (1990)

Since Victorian brown coal contains about 60wt.% moisture, it is necessary to remove the water from the coal before liquefaction. The effects of mois-ture content on liquefaction of the coal dewatered in a recycling solvent (DW-coal) were studied using an autoclave with iron oxide/sulfur catalyst under the following conditions: temperature of 430°C, initial hydrogen pressure of 6MPa and hold time of 1h.When moisture content of the coal decreased, distillate (b.p.<420°C) yield and H2 gas consumption increased, and heavy product (b.p.>420°C) and naphtha (b.p.<180°C) yields decreased. Gaseous product yields and reaction pressure also de-pended on the moisture content of the coal. Specifically CO/CO2 ratio was strongly affected by the moisture content, which indicated that CO shift reaction occurred and affected the H2 gas consumption.The coal dried with a tubular dryer (TD-coal) was liquefied under the same con-ditions as the DW-coal to compare the coals in reactivity. The reactivity of the TD-coal was lower than that of the DW-coal. According to these results, it is shown that the dewatering in the solvent is profitable for brown coal liquefaction.
Digital coding of speech waveforms: PCM, DPCM, and DM quantizers (1974)

A study is presented on the digital coding of speech by means of a straightforward approximation of the time waveform. In particular, the closely related discrete-time discrete-amplitude signal representations that are rather well known as pulse-code modulation (PCM), differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM), and delta modulation (DM) are discussed. Speech is recognized as a nonstationary signal, and emphasis is therefore placed on "companding" and "adaptive" strategies for waveform quantization and prediction. With signal-to-quantization-error ratio SNR as a performance measure, techniques are suggested which are most likely to be appropriate for given specifications of information rate. It is pointed out that error waveforms in speech quantization cannot be regarded as additive white noise, in general. This means that for finer assessments of speech coders, either relative or absolute, one needs to supplement SNR-based observations with corrections for subjective and perceptual factors. The latter seem to defy quantification as a rule. Invaluable, therefore, are explicit preference tests for direct comparisons of coders from a perceptual standpoint, and notions such as isopreference and multidimensional scaling are naturally appropriate in interpreting the results of such tests. Final points of concern are communication questions such as multiple encodings of speech by tandem coder-decoder pairs; conversions among different digital code formats; and the effects of additive and multiplicative noise in the communication channel, as manifest in the erroneous reception of speech-carrying bits. Information on these topics tends to be heterogeneous and nontheoretical, and the present digression into the subject is cursory by intent. The gramophone record accompanying this paper demonstrates some of the manipulations of speech that are discussed.
Fluorinated organocopper compounds (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorinated organocopper compoundsAllan Cairncross and William A. SheppardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 8, 2186–2187Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01010a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01010a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1221Altmetric-Citations109LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Data from Recent Natural Selection Identifies a Genetic Variant in a Regulatory Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 2A that Associates with Altered Cancer Risk and Survival (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; A regulated p53-dependent stress response is crucial in suppressing tumor formation and mediating the response to commonly used cancer therapeutics. However, little is known about the human, inherited genetics of this important signaling pathway.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Studies of human genetic variants in the &lt;i&gt;p53&lt;/i&gt; tumor suppressor gene and &lt;i&gt;MDM2&lt;/i&gt; oncogene have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) can affect p53 signaling, confer cancer risk, and alter outcome, and also suggest that the pathway is under evolutionary selective pressure. Here, we attempt to accelerate the identification of functional p53 pathway SNPs by incorporating these characteristics into an analysis of 142 genes that are known to affect p53 signaling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We report that a genomic scan for recent natural selection denotes that of the 142 genes studied, the &lt;i&gt;PPP2R5E&lt;/i&gt; gene that encodes a regulatory subunit of the tumor suppressing protein phosphatase 2A resides in a naturally selected genomic region. We go on to show that a selected SNP in &lt;i&gt;PPP2R5E&lt;/i&gt; (ϵ-SNP2) associates with significant allelic differences in the onset (up to 19.2 years; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0002) and risk (odds ratio, up to 8.1; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0009) of soft tissue sarcoma development, as well as overall survival (relative risk, up to 3.04; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.026).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; The &lt;i&gt;PPP2R5E&lt;/i&gt; gene is identified as harboring genetic variants that can affect human cancer and are possibly under evolutionary selection pressure. (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(19):6301–8)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern in Brazil - multiple introductions, communitary transmission, and early signs of local evolution (2021)

Abstract The dissemination of the Delta VOC in Brazil is still unclear, despite the frequent reports of isolated cases from different Brazilian states. In this report we characterize the dissemination of the Delta VOC in Brazil and where the introductions of this lineage fall within the global Delta phylogeny. We also examined the mutational profile of the largest clade within the Brazilian Delta VOCs, with a focus on samples which were obtained in the State of São Paulo, and especially in the city of São Paulo, the largest metropolis of South America, and a national and international transportation hub.
Improvements in the scanning long-wave optical test system (2018)

The Scanning Long-wave Optical Test System (SLOTS) is a slope measuring deflectometry system that provides accurate measurements on ground surfaces. As it uses a thermal source, we can measure an optic during the grinding phase which allows us to correct figure errors when material removal is much faster. We have made improvements in SLOTS, such as the step-and-stare method, the ceramic rod, and the Gaussian fitting processing software, so that this system supports higher accuracy and resolution. As a result, SLOTS is an optical testing system that covers a huge portion of the fabrication process from the grinding to the figuring. It is a complementary solution for other metrology systems such as the laser tracker, SCOTS, and null interferometry. SLOTS can reduce the manufacturing time by producing ground aspheres that have low errors of the surface figure when polishing begins.
First Principles Investigation of Divacancy in SiC Polytypes for Solid State Qubit Application (2014)

We calculated the hyperfine structure and the zero-field splitting parameters of divacancies in 3 C , 4 H and 6 H SiC in the ground state and in the excited state for 4 H SiC within the framework of density functional theory. Besides that our calculations provide identification of the defect in different polytypes, we can find some carbon atoms next to the divacancy that of the spin polarizations are similar in the ground and excited states. This coherent nuclear spin polarization phenomenon can be the base to utilize 13 C spins as quantum memory.
Doppler shift estimation for high-speed railway wireless communication systems with large-scale linear antennas (2015)

This paper investigates the Doppler shift estimation problem for high speed railway (HSR) wireless communication systems with massive linear receiving antennas. Firstly, a theoretical channel model is built up with channel coefficient, direction of arrival (DOA) and Doppler shift taken into account. Secondly, a new Doppler shift estimation algorithm is proposed through reconstructing the received signal based on Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). Moreover, a phase rotation algorithm is presented to improve the estimation accuracy. It is found that the suggested estimation algorithm works well and also obtains DOA estimate. Finally, simulation results are provided to corroborate our proposed studies.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Depletion in Experimental Human Lung Inflammation (2013)

These findings do not support a role for circulating human monocytes in the early recruitment of neutrophils during LPS-mediated acute lung inflammation in humans.
Effects of EGR and Boost Pressure on Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Engine at High Load Operating Conditions (2014)

Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) at engine high load operating conditions is investigated in this study. The effects of EGR and boost pressure on RCCI combustion were studied by using a multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The model was first compared with a previous CFD model, which has been validated against steady-state experimental data of gasoline-diesel RCCI in a multi-cylinder light duty engine. An RCCI piston with a compression ratio of 15:1 was then proposed to improve the combustion and emissions at high load. The simulation results showed that 18 bar indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) could be achieved with gasoline-diesel RCCI at an EGR rate of 35 % and equivalence ratio of 0.96, while the peak pressure rise rate (PPRR) and engine combustion efficiency could both be controlled at reasonable levels. Simulations using both early and late direct-injection (DI) of diesel fuel showed that RCCI combustion at high load is very sensitive to variations of the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) amount. Higher IMEP is obtained by using early diesel injection, and it is less sensitive to EGR variation compared to late diesel injection. Reduced unburned hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), soot and slightly more nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions were seen for early diesel injection. HC, CO and soot emissions were found to be more sensitive to EGR variation at late diesel injection timings. However, there was little difference in terms of peak pressure, efficiencies, PPRR and phasing under varying EGR rates. The effect of boost pressure on RCCI at high load operating conditions was also studied at different EGR rates. It was found that combustion and emissions were improved, and the sensitivity of the combustion and emission to EGR was reduced with higher boost pressures. In addition, cases with similar combustion phasing and reasonable PPRR were analyzed by using an experimentally validated GT-Power model. The results indicated that although higher IMEP was generated at higher boost pressures, the brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) was similar compared to that obtained with lower boost pressures due to higher pumping losses.
Automatic Discovery of Physical Topology in Ethernet Networks (2008)

Ethernet is becoming increasingly popular in metro and access networks due to the high bandwidth available at low cost. Nonetheless, native Ethernet lacks some features that are important for sophisticated network management; providing accurate knowledge on the physical topology is one of them. Therefore, automatic physical topology discovery in support of network management is essential in Ethernet networks. Former work either focused on Layer-3 topology discovery or only provided the active topology excluding the physical links inactivated by rapid spanning tree protocol. This paper introduces a novel mechanism capable of automatically discovering the entire physical topology of Ethernet networks. Our algorithm collects information available even in low-cost off- the-shelf Ethernet switches and then calculates the physical topology of the entire network. This paper describes the method and its implementation in a testbed network for assessing the performance and the robustness of the mechanism.
Selenium in coal-fired steam plant emissions (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelenium in coal-fired steam plant emissionsAnders W. Andren, David H. Klein, and Yair TalmiCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1975, 9, 9, 856–858Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60107a002https://doi.org/10.1021/es60107a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views436Altmetric-Citations147LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization of CN<sub>x</sub> Thin Films Synthesized by Laser Ablation Technique (2009)

In this work we report the optical characteristics of carbon nitride films produced by a KrF excimer laser ablation technique. The ablated materials were collected on different wafers, glass and porous silicon for different N2 pressures (0.1-0.5mbar). The thin films were synthesized at room temperature. The deposited thin films were characterized by spectrophotometry, ellipsometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that the optical band gap deduced from optical transmission spectra in the ultraviolet- visible – near infrared range increases with deposition time and with nitrogen pressures increasing. SEM observation indicates that the CNx film is granular. Finally, FTIR spectra reveal carbon nitride absorption bands which do not seem change considerably with N2 pressures.
Diffusion-Induced Dislocations in Silicon (1964)

Plastic deformation produced by phosphorus diffusion into a (001) silicon surface has been studied by transmission electron microscopy. The lattice parameter differences in regions of steep solute concentration gradient are accommodated by a crossed grid of edge dislocations having Burgers vector a/2[110] and a/2[1̄10]. The long edge dislocations end at nodes, which suggests that they are formed by dislocation reactions between pairs of dislocations that can glide into the crystal on {111} planes.
Temporal Convolutional Neural Networks for Diagnosis from Lab Tests (2015)

Early diagnosis of treatable diseases is essential for improving healthcare, and many diseases' onsets are predictable from annual lab tests and their temporal trends. We introduce a multi-resolution convolutional neural network for early detection of multiple diseases from irregularly measured sparse lab values. Our novel architecture takes as input both an imputed version of the data and a binary observation matrix. For imputing the temporal sparse observations, we develop a flexible, fast to train method for differentiable multivariate kernel regression. Our experiments on data from 298K individuals over 8 years, 18 common lab measurements, and 171 diseases show that the temporal signatures learned via convolution are significantly more predictive than baselines commonly used for early disease diagnosis.
1245 The Morphological Changes of Fundic Gland Polyps After PPI Therapy (2019)

INTRODUCTION: Recent studies showed that patients on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have larger in size and a higher incidence of fundic gland polyps (FGPs) than patients not on PPIs. However, the morphological changes of the enlargement of FGPs after PPIs treatment was not clarified. The aim of this study was to clarify the endoscopic features and the morphological changes of FGPs in patients treated with PPIs. METHODS: A total of 196 endoscopic images of FGPs consisting of 87 FGPs in patients treated with PPIs (PPI group) and 109 FGPs in patients treated without PPIs (non-PPI group), all of which were pathologically diagnosed as FGPs, were compared by two endoscopists. The evaluated findings were shapes (sessile, pedunculated, semi-pedunculated), colors (isochromatic, light red, red, with hemorrhage, with black spot), surface structure (smooth, uneven) and atrophic change in back ground mucosa. The correlation between each endoscopic finding was examined. RESULTS: The average of polyp size was significantly larger in PPI group than that in non-PPI group (7.90 ± 4.68 mm and 3.76 ± 2.12 mm, P &lt; 0.001). The semi-pedunculated shape (Isp) of FGPs were significantly more often seen in PPI group (67.0%) than in non-PPI group (32.2%) ( P &lt; 0.001), while the sessile shape (Is) of FGPs were significantly more often seen in non-PPI group (33.9%) than in PPI group (62.1%) ( P &lt; 0.001). Red colored FGPs and FGPs with black spots were seen only in PPI group although the number of the polyp was few (n, (%). 6, (6.9) and 5(5.7), &lt;0.05, respectively). The uneven surface structure was significantly more often seen in PPI group than non-PPI group (n (%), 54 (62.1) and 27 (24.8), P &lt; 0.001). Pearson's correlation analysis shows a positive correlation between the “Polyp sizes “and “Uneven surface structure” (r = 0.607, P &lt; 0.05). CONCLUSION: FGPs in patients treated with PPIs shows larger, semi-pedunculated (Isp), uneven surface structure, and occasionally with red colored and black spot, compared with FGPs in patients without PPIs therapy. When FGPs became bigger, the surface of FGPs became uneven. The endoscopic morphology of FGPs will change like “red potatoes” after PPI therapy and will be difficult to distinguish from other potentially harmful polyps such as foveolar hyperplasic polyps.