gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with tramadol versus morphine after microvascular breast reconstruction (2000)

Tramadol is a weak centrally acting analgesic and it might provide efficacious postoperative pain relief with minimal sedative effects in the use of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Sixty women scheduled to undergo microvascular breast reconstruction under standard general anaesthesia were enrolled in a study on the performance of patient-controlled analgesia with tramadol or morphine with special emphasis on drug- and technique-related side-effects. Seven patients were re-operated within the same day, leaving 25 patients in the tramadol group and 28 in the morphine group for comparison. When postoperative pain occurred, loading doses of either 10 mg tramadol or 1 mg morphine intravenous increments were administered in a double-blind fashion until the pain control was judged to be satisfactory by the patient. After that the patients received tramadol or morphine by a PCA apparatus (lockout 5 min, tramadol 450 microg kg-1, morphine 45 microg kg-1 bolus). In addition, all patients received 500 mg paracetamol rectally, three times a day. The potency ratio of tramadol to morphine was found to be between 8.5 : 1 (loading) and 11 : 1 (PCA). There was neither a significant difference between the groups in the overall satisfaction of the analgesic medication nor in the visual analogue and verbal rate scales for pain. Women in the tramadol group had more nausea and vomiting during the administration of loading doses (P < 0.05) and more patients in the tramadol group (7) than in the morphine group (3) (NS) wanted to discontinue the PCA therapy before the end of the study due to nausea. Sedation or blurred vision prevented the performance of the psychomotor tests in 22 and 32% of the tramadol and morphine patients, respectively. The remaining patients performed similarly in the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. In women receiving intravenous PCA for analgesia after microvascular breast reconstruction tramadol and morphine provided comparable postoperative analgesia with similar sedative effects. However, tramadol was associated with a disturbingly high incidence of nausea and vomiting.
An Information-Theoretic Study on Aggregate Responses (1988)

An enumeration of individual objects is not always the best means of infonnation exchange. This papiz concerns the problem of providing aggregate responses to database queries. An aggregate response is an expression whose terms an3 quantified concepts. The tradeoff between the conciseness and preciseness of an aggregate response is studied. Conciseness is measured by the length (the number of terms) of an expression, and preciseness is measured by the entropy or the amount of uncertainty associated with the expression. For a given length, an expression with the minimum amount of entropy is called optimal. Under a one-level taxonomy with the same cardinaliries for all leaf concepts, the problem of tinding an op timal expression can be solved inexpensively. An efficient heuristic is also proposed for the general one-level taxonomy. For a taxonomy of more than one level, an efficient heuristic is suggested which experiments indicate yields good solutions.
Local void fraction and pressure drop data for horizontal annular flow through orifice (2020)

This dataset combines multiple measurements form air-water horizontal annular flow experiments in a pipe (case A) and a pipe with circular orifice with \(d^2 / D^2 = 0.6\) (case B). Measurements where taken at superficial Reynolds numbers of Re=25000 for the gas phase and Re =4090 for the liquid phase. The following data are included for each case: linear pressure drop between two points (case A), four points (case B) measured with split-range differential pressure transducers at 5Hz time-averaged local liquid volume fraction distribution in cylindrical and Cartesian coordinates reconstructed from X-ray microtomography projections reconstructed pipe axis coordinates and pipe radius Python code to calculate secondary validation parameters (e.g. film thickness distribution) from primary data The detailed 3D data is intended for validation of computational fluid dynamics codes based on phase-averaged variables such as the Euler-Euler approach.
Randomized clinical trial: the impact of gastrointestinal risk factor screening and prophylactic proton pump inhibitor therapy in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (2017)

Screening for risk factors for UGIB and subsequent prophylactic PPI treatment did not significantly reduce the incidence of UGIB. Prescription of PPI was associated with a higher compliance with dual antiplatelet therapy and decreases the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events.
Convex parameter estimator for grey-box models, applied to characterise heat flows in greenhouses (2020)

An algorithm is presented to identify model parameters in grey-box models. The solver is convex, so the global optimum is guaranteed. The method is applied to estimate bulk transfer coefficients in greenhouses from easily monitored data. This model covers the most important processes, such as conduction losses to the environment, heat exchange with neighbouring compartments, heating from the sun and lighting installations, and ventilation losses. Screen positions are also included in the model. Each process is parameterised, so that the specific situation of each greenhouse can be identified. Greenhouse experiments are often repeated in the same greenhouse or performed in parallel. If some model parameters are assumed to remain identical in these experiments, this can be incorporated in the optimiser making it more robust. The estimator is exemplified using measurements from two compartments in a greenhouse; one equipped with LED lighting, the other equipped with HPS lighting. It showed that effective conduction parameters for the greenhouse and screens were similar to values found in literature (5.8 and 5 W m−2 K−1, respectively). The model also predicted that both lighting systems provide the same amount of sensible heat at the height of the plants, despite the HPS system consuming 43% more energy. A vertical temperature measurement confirmed that both lighting systems produced the same amount of heat at the height of the plants. The LED system dispersed heat more evenly over height, while the HPS system heated the upper layers more.
Radical Second Resection Provides Survival Benefit for Patients with T2 Gallbladder Carcinoma First Discovered after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (2002)

Port site recurrence or peritoneal seeding is a fatal complication following laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallbladder carcinoma. The aims of this retrospective analysis were to determine the association of gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy with port site/peritoneal recurrence and to determine the role of radical second resection in the management of gallbladder carcinoma first diagnosed after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A total of 28 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallbladder carcinoma were analyzed, of whom 10 had a radical second resection. Five patients had recurrences; port site/peritoneum recurrence in 3 and distant metastasis in 2. The incidence of port site/peritoneal recurrence was higher in patients with gallbladder perforation (3/7, 43%) than in those without (0/21, 0%) (p = 0.011). The outcome after laparoscopic cholecystectomy was worse in 7 patients with gallbladder perforation (cumulative 5-year survival of 43%) than in those without (cumulative 5-year survival of 100%) (p <0.001). Among 13 patients with a pT2 tumor, the outcome after radical second resection (cumulative 5-year survival of 100%) was better than that after laparoscopic cholecystectomy alone (cumulative 5-year survival of 50%) (p = 0.039), although there was no survival benefit of radical second resection in the 15 patients with a pT1 tumor (p = 0.65). In conclusion, gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with port site/peritoneal recurrence and worse patient survival. Radical second resection may be beneficial for patients with pT2 gallbladder carcinoma first discovered after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
A continuous switching mode boost switch-cap regulator with PWM control scheme and fast transient response (2015)

In modern portable devices, multiple power sources with wide voltage range could be used while a stable supply voltage is required. In order to extend battery lifetime or supply source from energy harvester, boost regulator is needed to support certain analog functions like precision analog circuit or LED driver. In such applications, a switch-cap boost regulator is usually used. In this paper, mechanism of charge injection rate control and PWM injection time control to regulate switch-cap power stage is examined along with system level modeling. Resemblance of its model to LDO and multi-stage amplifier is pointed out, implying that certain techniques used in LDO and multi-stage amplifier could also apply to switch-cap regulator design, such as transient response enhancement scheme. An architecture utilizing charge injection rate control and charge injection period control is proposed to control a voltage doubler charge pump power stage, along with transient enhancement scheme. With the proposed control scheme, the switch-cap boost regulator could regulate the voltage from near the input voltage up to theoretical voltage doubler output with fast transient response and stable switching tones across load current.
Model Predictive Control of Continuous-Time Nonlinear Systems With Piecewise Constant Control (2004)

A new model predictive control (MPC) algorithm for nonlinear systems is presented. The plant under control, the state and control constraints, and the performance index to be minimized are described in continuous time, while the manipulated variables are allowed to change at fixed and uniformly distributed sampling times. In so doing, the optimization is performed with respect to sequences, as in discrete-time nonlinear MPC, but the continuous-time evolution of the system is considered as in continuous-time nonlinear MPC.
Selective Targeting of the Repressive Transcription Factors YY1 and cMyc to Disrupt Quiescent Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (2012)

Quiescent HIV-1 infection of resting CD4(+) T cells is an obstacle to eradication of HIV-1 infection. These reservoirs are maintained, in part, by repressive complexes that bind to the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) and recruit histone deacetylases (HDACs). cMyc and YY1 are two transcription factors that are recruited as part of well-described, distinct complexes to the HIV-1 LTR and in turn recruit HDACs. In prior studies, depletion of single factors that recruit HDAC1 in various cell lines was sufficient to upregulate LTR activity. We used short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) to test the effect of targeted disruption of a single transcription factor on quiescent proviruses in T cell lines. In this study, we found that depletion of YY1 significantly increases mRNA and protein expression from the HIV-1 promoter in some contexts, but does not affect HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, or acetylated histone 3 occupancy of the HIV-1 LTR. Conversely, depletion of cMyc or cMyc and YY1 does not significantly alter the level of transcription from the LTR or affect recruitment of HDACs to the HIV-1 LTR. Furthermore, global inhibition of HDACs with the HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) enhanced the increase in LTR transcription in cells that were depleted of YY1.These findings show that despite prior isolated findings, redundancy in repressors of HIV-1 LTR expression will require selective targeting of multiple restrictive mechanisms to comprehensively induce the escape of quiescent proviruses from latency.
Monitoring of a Broad Set of Pharmaceuticals in Wastewaters by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Evaluation of Heterogenous Catalytic Ozonation for Their Removal in a Pre-Industrial Level Unit (2022)

The removal of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) occurring in wastewater effluents, such as pharmaceutically active substances (PhACs) and personal care products, pose a big research challenge since they can be a major source of pollution for water bodies and a danger to public health. The objective of this work was to perform a comprehensive monitoring of a broad set of PhACs (&gt;130) in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) close to Thessaloniki (Greece), as well as to evaluate the potential of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation for the removal of CECs from wastewater through a continuous flow system. The high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis revealed the highest average concentrations for irbesartan (1817 ng/L). Antihypertensives along with antibiotics, psychiatrics, and β-blockers were found to aggravate the effluents. Removal efficiency after conventional treatment was &gt;30%. The results from catalytic ozonation unit operation indicate that the introduction of a proper solid material that acts as catalyst can enhance the removal of CECs. A preliminary risk assessment using the risk quotient (RQ) revealed that irbesartan and telmisartan entail high acute risk. The overall results underline the urgent need to incessantly monitor PhACs and expand the toxicological studies to establish the sublethal and chronic effects on aquatic organisms.
ChemInform Abstract: ALLGEMEINE METHODE ZUR SYNTHESE VON 2‐AZETIDINONEN UND 2‐AZETIDINYLIDENAMMONIUMSALZEN (1974)

Abstract Das Chlorenamin (I) reagiert über das Salz (II) mit den Schiffschen Basen (III) unter Bildung der Azetidinylidenammoniumsalze (IV), dei bei der alkalischen Hydrolyse die Azetidinone (V) geben.
Is it possible to decide whether a cryptographic protocol is secure or not? (2002)

We consider the so called ``cryptographic protocols`` whose aim is to ensure some security properties when communication channels are not reliable. Such protocols usually rely on cryptographic primitives. Even if it is assumed that the cryptographic primitives are perfect, the security goals may not be achieved: the protocol itself may have weaknesses which can be exploited by an attacker. We survey recent work on decision techniques for the cryptographic protocol analysis.
Overview and classification of wavefield seismic imaging methods (2009)

The literature and seismic processing practice overflow with a diversity of wave-equation migration methods. So what makes wave-equation migration a wave-equation migration? What is the commonality of these methods and how do they differ? This article provides a framework for understanding different wave-equation migration methods.
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor- and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Mediated Matrix Metalloproteinase Production by Human Osteoblasts and Monocytes after Infection withBrucella abortus (2010)

Osteoarticular complications are common in human brucellosis, but the pathogenic mechanisms involved are largely unknown. Since matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in joint and bone damage in inflammatory and infectious diseases, we investigated the production of MMPs by human osteoblasts and monocytes, either upon Brucella abortus infection or upon reciprocal stimulation with factors produced by each infected cell type. B. abortus infection of the normal human osteoblastic cell line hFOB 1.19 triggered a significant release of MMP-2, which was mediated in part by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) acting on these same cells. Supernatants from infected osteoblasts exhibited increased levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and induced the migration of human monocytes (THP-1 cell line). Infection with B. abortus induced a high MMP-9 secretion in monocytes, which was also induced by heat-killed B. abortus and by the Omp19 lipoprotein from B. abortus. These effects were mediated by Toll-like receptor 2 and by the action of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) produced by these same cells. Supernatants from B. abortus-infected monocytes induced MMP-2 secretion in uninfected osteoblasts, and this effect was mediated by TNF-α. Similarly, supernatants from infected osteoblasts induced MMP-9 secretion in uninfected monocytes. This effect was mediated by GM-CSF, which induced TNF-α production by monocytes, which in turn induced MMP-9 in these cells. These results suggest that MMPs could be potentially involved in the tissue damage observed in osteoarticular brucellosis.
Inducible Cyclooxygenase Expression in Canine Basilar Artery After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (1998)

COX-2 expression was detected in basilar arterial tissue in both acute and chronic stages after SAH. Elevation of inflammatory cytokines after SAH may be involved in the induction of COX-2, which may produce sufficient quantities of eicosanoids to affect hemodynamics after SAH.
Strategic Variants of CSP Delivered as SynDNA Vaccines Demonstrate Heterogeneity of Immunogenicity and Protection from Plasmodium Infection in a Murine Model (2021)

Malaria infects millions of people every year, and despite recent advances in controlling disease spread, such as vaccination, it remains a global health concern. The circumsporozoite protein (CSP) has long been acknowledged as a key target in antimalarial immunity. Leveraging the DNA vaccine platform against this formidable pathogen, the following five synthetic DNA vaccines encoding variations of CSP were designed and studied: 3D7, GPI1, ΔGPI, TM, and DD2. Among the single CSP antigen constructs, a range of immunogenicity was observed with ΔGPI generating the most robust immunity. In an intravenous (i.v.) sporozoite challenge, the best protection among vaccinated mice was achieved by ΔGPI, which performed almost as well as the monoclonal antibody 311 (MAb 311) antibody control. Further analyses revealed that ΔGPI develops high-molecular-weight multimers in addition to monomeric CSP. We then compared the immunity generated by ΔGPI versus synDNA mimics for the antimalaria vaccines RTS,S and R21. The anti-CSP antibody responses induced were similar among these three immunogens. T cell responses demonstrated that ΔGPI induced a more focused anti-CSP response. In an infectious mosquito challenge, all three of these constructs generated inhibition of liver-stage infection as well as immunity from blood-stage parasitemia. This study demonstrates that synDNA mimics of complex malaria immunogens can provide substantial protection as can a novel synDNA vaccine ΔGPI.
A Digital Input Controller for Audio Class-D Amplifiers with 100W 0.004% THD+N and 113dB DR (2006)

A digital input controller for audio class-D amplifiers is presented. The controller utilizes specially configured integrated DAC and power stage feedback loop to suppress distortion components coming from power-stage switching with digital input capability. The class-D amplifier system with the controller and an existing power stage achieves 113dB DR, 0.0018% THD+N with 10W output power, and 0.004% THD+N with 100W output power into 4OΩ load
Crosslinkable liquid‐crystalline combined main‐chain/side‐group polymers with low glass transition temperatures (1988)

Abstract Crosslinkable and crosslinked liquid‐crystalline polymers with elastic properties were prepared from main‐chain and combined main‐chain/side‐group polymers. These polymers exhibit nematic, smectic A, and smectic C phases. Polymers of these types with azoxybenzene as mesogen do not crystallize upon cooling. As a consequence, the liquid‐crystalline phases are frozen in glassy around room temperature.
Chemical Synthesis of Ubiquitinated Peptides with Varying Lengths and Types of Ubiquitin Chains to Explore the Activity of Deubiquitinases (2011)

Adding one at a time: A general and effective synthesis yields a peptide attached to mono-, di-, tri-, and tetraubiquitin (Ub) chains (see picture for peptides with Ub and Ub4), linked through lysine residues K48 or K63. These sets of ubiquitinated peptides were prepared in good quantities, and the activity of the enzymes UCH-L3 and IsoT with these different substrates was studied.
Consolidation Behavior of Cu-Zr-Al Metallic Glass Powder by Spark Plasma Sintering (2010)

We investigated consolidation behavior of gas-atomized Cu50Zr45Al5 metallic glassy alloy powders by a spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. Density of the sintered samples increased with an increase in sintering temperature. The nearly full density samples without crystallization could be attained by the SPS process at sintering temperature of 693 K under pressure of 600 MPa. The produced samples exhibited high-strength and met large-size requirement. The SPS process makes it possible to fabricate the large-size bulk metallic glasses without limitation of dimensions and alloy system.
Studies on Silicic Acid Gels. XV. The Effect of Temperature upon the Time of Set of Alkaline Gel Mixtures (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on Silicic Acid Gels. XV. The Effect of Temperature upon the Time of Set of Alkaline Gel MixturesCharles B. Hurd, Renato C. Pomatti, John H. Spittle, and Frank J. AloisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1944, 66, 3, 388–390Publication Date (Print):March 10, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 10 March 1944https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01231a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01231a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Genetic determinants of lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine-mediated hepatocellular apoptosis and lethality (2001)

Lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine induced lethality and apoptotic liver injury is dependent upon endogenously produced TNF-alpha. Unlike the response to high dose lipopolysaccharide alone, death in this model is a direct result of hepatocyte apoptosis. In a series of recent studies, we have demonstrated that mortality and hepatic injury following lipopolysaccharide administration in D-galactosamine-sensitized mice is dependent upon secreted 17 kDa TNF-alpha acting primarily through the p55 TNF receptor. Transgenic mice expressing null forms of TNF-alpha, the p55 receptor, or expressing only a cell-associated form of TNF-alpha exhibited no mortality and only modest liver injury when challenged with 8 mg of D-galactosamine and 100 ng of lipopolysaccharide. Although Fas ligand expression is increased in the liver, it appeared to play no significant role in outcome, since mice expressing a mutant form of Fas ligand are still sensitive to LPS- and D-galactosamine-induced lethality. Finally, we have seen significant variation in LPS- and D-galactosamine-mediated lethality among different strains of mice. The non-obese diabetic or NOD mouse is highly resistant to LPS-and D-galactosamine-induced lethality, and this appears to be secondary to a post-receptor defect in p55 TNF receptor signaling. The studies confirm an essential role for TNF-alpha and p55 TNF receptor signaling in the hepatocyte apoptosis and lethality associated with lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine administration.