gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endothelial dysfunction as a predictor of cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes (2015)

Macro and microvascular disease are the main cause of morbi-mortality in type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Although there is a clear association between endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes, a cause-effect relationship is less clear in T1DM. Although endothelial dysfunction (ED) precedes atherosclerosis, it is not clear weather, in recent onset T1DM, it may progress to clinical macrovascular disease. Moreover, endothelial dysfunction may either be reversed spontaneously or in response to intensive glycemic control, long-term exercise training and use of statins. Acute, long-term and post-prandial hyperglycemia as well as duration of diabetes and microalbuminuria are all conditions associated with ED in T1DM. The pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction is closely related to oxidative-stress. NAD(P)H oxidase over activity induces excessive superoxide production inside the mitochondrial oxidative chain of endothelial cells, thus reducing nitric oxide bioavailability and resulting in peroxynitrite formation, a potent oxidant agent. Moreover, oxidative stress also uncouples endothelial nitric oxide synthase, which becomes dysfunctional, inducing formation of superoxide. Other important mechanisms are the activation of both the polyol and protein kinase C pathways as well as the presence of advanced glycation end-products. Future studies are needed to evaluate the potential clinical applicability of endothelial dysfunction as a marker for early vascular complications in T1DM.
Factors for severe outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with cystic fibrosis in Europe (2021)

SARS-CoV-2 infection yielded high morbidity and hospitalisation in pwCF. PwCF with forced expiratory volume in 1 s <70% predicted, CFRD and those with lung transplants are at particular risk of more severe outcomes.
Nonhomogeneous phase effect on the generation of carbene radical anions in the Birch-type reduction of bis(gem-dihalocyclopropyl)compounds (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNonhomogeneous phase effect on the generation of carbene radical anions in the Birch-type reduction of bis(gem-dihalocyclopropyl)compoundsAkira Oku, Naoto Yoshiura, and Tomohisa OkudaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 4, 617–619Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00152a047https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00152a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gelator Length Precisely Tunes Supramolecular Hydrogel Stiffness and Neuronal Phenotype in 3D Culture (2020)

The brain is one of the softest tissues in the body with storage moduli (G') that range from hundreds to thousands of pascals (Pa) depending upon the anatomic region. Furthermore, pathological processes such as injury, aging and disease can cause subtle changes in the mechanical properties throughout the central nervous system. However, these changes in mechanical properties lie within an extremely narrow range of moduli and there is great interest in understanding their effect on neuron biology. We report here the design of supramolecular hydrogels based on anionic peptide amphiphile nanofibers using oligo-L-lysines of different molecular lengths to precisely tune gel stiffness over the range of interest and found that G' increases by 10.5 Pa for each additional lysine monomer in the oligo-L-lysine chain. We found that small changes in storage modulus on the order of 70 Pa significantly affect survival, neurite growth and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive population in dopaminergic neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. The work reported here offers a strategy to tune mechanical stiffness of hydrogels for use in 3D neuronal cell cultures and transplantation matrices for neural regeneration.
Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling of Arylhydrazines via C–N Bond Cleavage (2014)

The first example of Pd-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling of readily available arylhydrazines with arylboronic acids via C-N bond cleavage was developed under air, affording various biaryl compounds with broad substrate applicability and moderate to good yields. Moreover, the rigorous exclusion of air/moisture is not required in these transformations. Thus, the protocol represents a simple and efficient procedure to access biaryl compounds.
Strontium eluting graphene hybrid nanoparticles augment osteogenesis in a 3D tissue scaffold (2014)

The objective of this work was to prepare hybrid nanoparticles of graphene sheets decorated with strontium metallic nanoparticles and demonstrate their advantages in bone tissue engineering. Strontium-decorated reduced graphene oxide (RGO_Sr) hybrid nanoparticles were synthesized by the facile reduction of graphene oxide and strontium nitrate. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy revealed that the hybrid particles were composed of RGO sheets decorated with 200-300 nm metallic strontium particles. Thermal gravimetric analysis further confirmed the composition of the hybrid particles as 22 wt% of strontium. Macroporous tissue scaffolds were prepared by incorporating RGO_Sr particles in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). The PCL/RGO_Sr scaffolds were found to elute strontium ions in aqueous medium. Osteoblast proliferation and differentiation was significantly higher in the PCL scaffolds containing the RGO_Sr particles in contrast to neat PCL and PCL/RGO scaffolds. The increased biological activity can be attributed to the release of strontium ions from the hybrid nanoparticles. This study demonstrates that composites prepared using hybrid nanoparticles that elute strontium ions can be used to prepare multifunctional scaffolds with good mechanical and osteoinductive properties. These findings have important implications for designing the next generation of biomaterials for use in tissue regeneration.
The Absorption, Clearance and Metabolic Fate of Dermatan Sulphate Administered to Man - Studies Using a Radioiodinated Derivative (1989)

An iodinated derivative of dermatan sulphate was administered by the intravenous, subcutaneous and oral routes to healthy human volunteers in conjunction with unlabelled dermatan sulphate. Following intravenous injection clearance of radiolabel and concentration as measured by competitive binding assay were highly correlated and displayed complex kinetics which were not dose-dependent. Intact 125I-dermatan sulphate was absorbed following both subcutaneous and oral administration, though there appeared to be selective uptake by the gut of a subfraction comprising the smaller or less sulphated molecules. The intact material was subsequently excreted unchanged in the urine. Degradation products of dermatan sulphate were not detected by either gel filtration or affinity chromatography on Polybrene-Sepharose at any time in either plasma or urine, indicating that administered dermatan sulphate is not catabolised by man.
Radiological assessment of tumour response to anti-cancer drugs: Time to reappraise (2008)

Ever since the earliest observations over 50 years ago of tumour volume reduction following treatment with alkylating drugs, the paradigm in medical anti-cancer treatment has been to find drugs wit...
Transovarial Transmission of Gamboa Virus in a Tropical Mosquito, Aedeomyia squamipennis (1989)

We report transovarial transmission of Gamboa virus (Bunyavirus) in Aedeomyia squamipennis, a tropical mosquito which is active and bloodfeeding throughout the year. Gamboa virus was isolated during each of the 28 months of the study from every mosquito stage, including eggs, demonstrating that vertical transmission is a maintenance mechanism of this virus. The overall minimum infection rate was 5.1/1,000 mosquitoes. Identification of the 567 isolates by neutralization indicated that greater than or equal to 2 serotypes or subtypes of Gamboa virus circulate at the study site.
Data from Loss of E-cadherin Enhances IGF1–IGF1R Pathway Activation and Sensitizes Breast Cancers to Anti-IGF1R/InsR Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling regulates breast cancer initiation and progression and associated cancer phenotypes. We previously identified E-cadherin (&lt;i&gt;CDH1&lt;/i&gt;) as a repressor of IGF1 signaling and in this study examined how loss of E-cadherin affects IGF1R signaling and response to anti-IGF1R/insulin receptor (InsR) therapies in breast cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Breast cancer cell lines were used to assess how altered E-cadherin levels regulate IGF1R signaling and response to two anti-IGF1R/InsR therapies. &lt;i&gt;In situ&lt;/i&gt; proximity ligation assay (PLA) was used to define interaction between IGF1R and E-cadherin. TCGA RNA-seq and RPPA data were used to compare IGF1R/InsR activation in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) tumors. ER+ ILC cell lines and xenograft tumor explant cultures were used to evaluate efficacy to IGF1R pathway inhibition in combination with endocrine therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Diminished functional E-cadherin increased both activation of IGF1R signaling and efficacy to anti-IGF1R/InsR therapies. PLA demonstrated a direct endogenous interaction between IGF1R and E-cadherin at points of cell–cell contact. Increased expression of IGF1 ligand and levels of IGF1R/InsR phosphorylation were observed in E-cadherin–deficient ER+ ILC compared with IDC tumors. IGF1R pathway inhibitors were effective in inhibiting growth in ER+ ILC cell lines and synergized with endocrine therapy and similarly IGF1R/InsR inhibition reduced proliferation in ILC tumor explant culture.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; We provide evidence that loss of E-cadherin hyperactivates the IGF1R pathway and increases sensitivity to IGF1R/InsR targeted therapy, thus identifying the IGF1R pathway as a potential novel target in E-cadherin–deficient breast cancers. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 5165–77. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A new efficient synthesis of pyridocarbazoles (1985)

N. S. Narasimhan and S. M. Gokhale, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1985, 86 DOI: 10.1039/C39850000086
Retrospective removal of k-space artifacts for echo-planar images: noise reduction algorithms for spike suppression (1998)

High demands are made of the gradient systems of MRI scanners during acquisition of echo-planar images. These may occasionally lead to spurious noise added to the received data in the form of short duration, high intensity 'spikes.' If these spikes are not caught prior to image formation, a severely degraded image may be formed. In the acquisition of functional MRI data this degradation may prohibit subsequent analysis of the data for identification of activated brain regions. We have devised several algorithms to isolate and remove these spurious spikes prior to the Fourier transform, and in one example show that subsequent fMRI analyses are possible. By contrast, the analysis is either impossible or produces differing results without this processing step.
Liquid–liquid phase separation and crystallization of polydisperse isotactic polypropylene solutions (1998)

Phase diagrams were calculated based on Flory-Huggins solution thermodynamics to investigate the effects of polydispersity of polymer molecules and interaction parameter on the phase equilibria of crystallizable polymer solutions. The polydispersity was modeled with blends of two monodisperse polymers differing in chain lengths as a simplification. It was found that a longer chain length component could be separated easily to a polymer-rich phase by liquid demixing, but a shorter chain length component might exist at relatively constant concentration in each phase on fractionation. The influence of polydispersity on the liquid–solid phase equilibrium was small, and the phase boundary could be moved significantly in the region of low concentration of polymer by a small change of temperature. Liquid–liquid phase separation was more sensitive to the interaction between polymer and solvent than liquid–solid phase transition. Numerical calculations showed that the temperature at which liquid–liquid phase separation was coupled with liquid–solid phase equilibrium increased with a lower concentration of the polymer due to polydispersity of polymer chain lengths, and this phenomenon was observed at a lower temperature with more favorable interaction. The results were consistent with the experimental observations of isotactic polypropylene solutions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 70: 849–857, 1998
Catalytic conversion of biomass to produce higher quality liquid bio-fuels (2005)

Instead of our drab slogging forth and back to the fishing boats, there's a reason to life!We can lift ourselves out of ignorance, we can find ourselves as creatures of excellence and intelligence and skill.
Working toward the Future: Insights intoFrancisella tularensisPathogenesis and Vaccine Development (2009)

Francisella tularensis is a facultative intracellular gram-negative pathogen and the etiological agent of the zoonotic disease tularemia. Recent advances in the field of Francisella genetics have led to a rapid increase in both the generation and subsequent characterization of mutant strains exhibiting altered growth and/or virulence characteristics within various model systems of infection. In this review, we summarize the major properties of several Francisella species, including F. tularensis and F. novicida, and provide an up-to-date synopsis of the genes necessary for pathogenesis by these organisms and the determinants that are currently being targeted for vaccine development.
Boosting Cholesterol Efflux from Foam Cells by Sequential Administration of rHDL to Deliver MicroRNA and to Remove Cholesterol in a Triple‐Cell 2D Atherosclerosis Model (2022)

Cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality worldwide, is primarily caused by atherosclerosis, which is characterized by lipid and inflammatory cell accumulation in blood vessels and carotid intima thickening. Although disease management has improved significantly, new therapeutic strategies focused on accelerating atherosclerosis regression must be developed. Atherosclerosis models mimicking in vivo-like conditions provide essential information for research and new advances toward clinical application. New nanotechnology-based therapeutic opportunities have emerged with apoA-I nanoparticles (recombinant/reconstituted high-density lipoproteins, rHDL) as ideal carriers to deliver molecules and the discovery that microRNAs participate in atherosclerosis establishment and progression. Here, a therapeutic strategy to improve cholesterol efflux is developed based on a two-step administration of rHDL consisting of a first dose of antagomiR-33a-loaded rHDLs to induce adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters A1 overexpression, followed by a second dose of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine rHDLs, which efficiently remove cholesterol from foam cells. A triple-cell 2D-atheroma plaque model reflecting the cellular complexity of atherosclerosis is used to improve efficiency of the nanoparticles in promoting cholesterol efflux. The results show that sequential administration of rHDL potentiates cholesterol efflux indicating that this approach may be used in vivo to more efficiently target atherosclerotic lesions and improve prognosis of the disease.
Key Aging Modes and Mechanisms for Extreme Fast Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries (2022)

Enabling extreme fast charging (XFC, charging in 10 to 15 minutes) in a lithium-ion battery (LiB) could play a key role in subsiding consumer’s range anxiety and spur the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). 1,2 Such a high rate of charging induces unique aging modes in LiBs, thereby requiring a comprehensive understanding to enable effective solution strategies to minimize the negative effects of life and performance. This presentation will present a comprehensive understanding of the dominating aging modes and mechanisms of XFC in low- and moderate-loading Gr/NMC LiBs. We will discuss the major limitations of XFC in LiBs by first using experimental and modeling results followed by a comprehensive electrochemical analysis of cycle life aging implications for different charging conditions (e.g., 1C to 9C rate conditions). We will then discuss the aging mechanisms using comprehensive post-testing as well as multimodal and multi-scale microscopy techniques. Solid state diffusion in the negative electrode is not a key limiting factor for the fast charge conditions evaluated. Inadequate Li + transport through the electrolyte primarily causes performance and distinct aging phenomena in LiBs. Eliminating the Li + transport limitation within the electrolyte can offer a distinct increase in material utilization, avoiding Li deposition. Under such circumstances, the cathode could degrade in distinct ways depending on the particular NMC (e.g., NMC532 vs. NMC811) variants. NMC811 experiences a greater subsurface crystallographic degradation and interfacial degradation and displays similar extents of sub-particle cracking as compared to NMC532 under comparable charging conditions. Surprisingly, the NMC811 maintains superior electrochemical performance despite the more aggressive degradations. We found the better cycle life performance of NMC811 to be related to its inherently better solid state diffusion, electronic conduction, and radially oriented grain architecture. References S. Ahmed et al., J. Power Sources, 367, 250–262 (2017). Y. Liu, Y. Zhu, and Y. Cui, Nat. Energy, 4, 540–550 (2019).
Response of machining-damaged single-crystalline silicon wafers to nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation (2007)

Ultraprecision diamond-machined silicon wafers have been irradiated by a nanosecond pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The results indicate that at specific laser energy intensity levels, the machining-induced subsurface damage layer of silicon has been reconstructed to a perfect single-crystalline structure identical to the bulk. Laser irradiation causes two effects on silicon: one is the epitaxial regrowth of the near-surface amorphous layer, and the other is the complete removal of the dislocations from the crystalline layer. It is the dislocation-free crystalline region that serves as the seed layer to recrystallize the amorphous layer, enabling excellent crystalline perfection. These findings may offer practical alternatives to current chemo-mechanical processing methods for silicon wafers.
The Theory of Quaternion Orthogonal Designs (2007)

Over the past several years, there has been a renewed interest in complex orthogonal designs for their application in space-time block coding. Motivated by the success of this application, this paper generalizes the definition of complex orthogonal designs by introducing orthogonal designs over the quaternion domain. This paper builds a theory of these novel quaternion orthogonal designs, offers examples, and provides several construction techniques. These theoretical results, along with the results of preliminary simulations, lay the foundation for developing applications of these designs as orthogonal space-time-polarization block codes.
Intraarticular Local Anesthesia: Can It Reduce Pain Related to MR or CT Arthrography of the Shoulder? (2013)

Intraarticular local anesthesia did not reduce arthrography-related pain.
Patient equity and respiratory syncytial virus Immunoprophylaxis (2019)

An analysis of benefit and cost is critical for independent advisory groups that provide evidence-based recommendations. In many countries, the role of RSV immunoprophylaxis for infants at increased risk of hospitalization is controversial because of limited benefit and high cost. The report by Ginsberg and co-workers provides evidence, that in Israel, despite the potential benefit of palivizumab prophylaxis in reducing a small number of RSV hospitalizations but no evidence of long-term benefit, the cost is difficult to justify. Ideally, a safe and effective RSV vaccine or more effective and less expensive monoclonal antibody soon will become available.
" L'indemnisation des dommages aux oliviers en Languedoc de la fin du XVIIe siècle au début du XXe siècle " (2006)

International audience
Supplementary Data from Unmetabolized Folic Acid, Tetrahydrofolate, and Colorectal Adenoma Risk (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Additional analyses of folate and adenoma outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;
Syntheses and Properties of Surface Active Agents Containing Dimethylpolysiloxane (1967)

分子内の主鎖部にケイ素を含む活性剤が最近広く研究されているが,一連のジメチルポリシロキサンを含むカチオン活性剤はまだ研究されていない。著者らは次のようにしてシロキサン結合鎖数が5までのものを合成した。ジメチルジクロルシランとトリメチルクロルシランの加水分解で直鎖ジメチルポリシロキサンを得た。このメチル基の1個の水素を塩素置換して後モルホリンまたはジエチルアミンと処理し,塩酸で中和するとジメチルポリシロキサンを含むアミン塩酸塩が得られた。生成物の物性を若干検討した結果,表面張力とシリコン油に対する界面張力は異性体混合物を含むジメチルポリシロキサンジエチルアミン塩酸塩では良い結果が得られた。ケロシンのような普通の油に対する界面張力は市販のものより劣る。
Switching Optimization for Class-G Audio Amplifiers with Two Power Supplies (2012)

This paper presents a system-level method to decrease the power consumption of integrated audio Class-G amplifiers for mobile phones by using the same implementation of the level detector, but by changing the parameters of the switching algorithm. This method uses an optimization based on a simplified model simulation to quickly find the best power supply switching strategy in order to decrease the losses of the internal Class-AB amplifier. Using a few relevant equations of Class-G on the electrical level and by reducing the number of calculation points, this model can dramatically reduce the calculation time to allow power consumption evaluation in realistic case conditions compared to the currently available tools. This simplified model also evaluates the audio quality reproduction thanks to a psycho-acoustic method. The model has been validated by comparing model results and practical measurements on two industrial circuits. This proposed model is used by an optimizer based on a genetic algorithm associated with a pattern search algorithm to find the best power supply switching strategy for the internal Class-AB amplifier. The optimization results improve life-time performance by saving at least 25% in power consumption for typical use-case (1mW) compared to the industrial circuit studied and without losses in audio quality.