gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Five-Million Kilometre, 100-Vehicle Fleet Trial, of an Air-Assist Direct Fuel Injected, Automotive 2-Stroke Engine (2000)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Once the focus of intense engineering scrutiny in the early 1990's, the major automotive companies suspended activity on 2-stroke engines because of perceived concerns over mechanical and emissions durability, and uncertain customer market acceptance.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A 100-vehicle fleet, powered by the Orbital Combustion Process (OCP) air-assist direct fuel injected 2-stroke automotive engine, was launched into the Australian market to answer these questions.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Homologated to Australian Design Rule (ADR) standards, the 2-stroke equipped vehicle fleet was distributed Australia-wide and exposed to a diverse range of driving styles and environmental conditions. Over three years, the Genesis ECOsport vehicles accumulated collectively in excess of 5.5 million kilometres with individual vehicles exceeding 160,000 km (or 100,000 miles).&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A brief overview will be given into the engine design, development and validation programs as well as vehicle build, validation, fleet management and data collection. The performance of the fleet with respect to fuel and oil consumption, mechanical and emissions durability and consumer reaction will be presented including some of the more interesting and unexpected experiences unique to a 2-stroke automotive application.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;It will be shown that a 2-stroke engine, equipped with OCP air-assist direct fuel injection can be both viable and market acceptable for automotive applications while retaining the inherent 2-stroke engine advantages of small size, reduced weight and lower manufacturing cost.&lt;/div&gt;
The distribution of surface antigens during fractionation of mouse liver plasma membranes (1972)

1. Antiserum to purified mouse liver plasma membranes was prepared and the partially purified gamma-globulin antibody fraction was iodinated with (125)I. The reaction of the (125)I-labelled gamma-globulin antibody with isolated mouse liver plasma membranes was studied. 2. The gammaglobulin antibody bound specifically to mouse liver plasma membranes and there was little reaction with mouse liver intracellular membranes or with surface-membrane fractions from either rat liver or pig lymphocytes. 3. ;Light' and ;heavy' mouse liver plasma-membrane subfractions bound similar amounts of gamma-globulin antibody, and this is consistent with a surface origin for the light fraction. 5. Plasma membranes were fractionated by sequential extraction with 50mm-NaHCO(3)-Na(2)CO(3) buffer, pH10.2, containing 10mm-EDTA and aq. 33% (v/v) pyridine. The alkali-soluble and -insoluble fractions and the pyridine-soluble and -insoluble fractions all reacted with the antiserum, and the cross-reactivity among the various fractions and with the total plasma membranes was investigated. 5. The results are discussed in terms of the arrangement of the antigenic determinants within the membrane.
The development of the welding process for the long length CICC jacket production (2002)

The jacket of ITER superconducting cable-in-conduit conductors (CICC) for TF coil insert is made by butt welding of short length (6-10 m) thin walled circular tubes. The outer diameters of tubes are 41-51 mm. Material of tubes - Incoloy-908 and titanium BT1-0. Method of welding - orbital gas tungsten arc welding. The special complex program of investigation was prepared. The influences of the different technological factors (tube edge preparing, compaction, bending, heat treatment) and operating conditions (temperature from 273 to 4.2 K, pressure up to 2 MPa) upon the welding joint properties were investigated. The samples were produced using different technological parameters. It is desirable to receive the welding joints properties close to the properties of base material of tubes. The microstructure of welding joints and their mechanical properties were investigated. The quality of welding joints was evaluated by dimensional, X-rays, ultrasonic, pressure and leak testing methods. Incoloy-908 and titanium are strong gas getters and elaborate methods of protection were used.
Acoustic Feature Transformation Combining Average and Maximum Classification Error Minimization Criteria (2010)

Acoustic feature transformation is widely used to reduce dimensionality and improve speech recognition performance. In this letter we focus on dimensionality reduction methods that minimize the average classification error. Unfortunately, minimization of the average classification error may cause considerable overlaps between distributions of some classes. To mitigate risks of considerable overlaps, we propose a dimensionality reduction method that minimizes the maximum classification error. We also propose two interpolated methods that can describe the average and maximum classification errors. Experimental results show that these proposed methods improve speech recognition performance.
Multiobjective Optimization of SLA-Aware Service Composition (2008)

In service oriented architecture, each application is often designed as a set of abstract services, which defines its functions. A concrete service(s) is selected at runtime for each abstract service to fulfill its function. Since different concrete services may operate at different quality of service measures, application developers are required to select an appropriate set of concrete services that satisfies a given service level agreement when a number of concrete services are available for each abstract service. This problem, the QoS-aware service composition problem, is known NP-hard, which takes a significant amount of time and costs to find optimal solutions (optimal combinations of concrete services) from a huge number of possible solutions. This paper proposes an optimization framework, called E <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , to address the issue. By leveraging a multiobjective genetic algorithm, E <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> heuristically solves the QoS-aware service composition problem in a reasonably short time. The algorithm E <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> proposes can consider multiple SLAs simultaneously and produce a set of Pareto solutions, which have the equivalent quality to satisfy multiple SLAs.
Glatiramer Acetate Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis-Associated Fatigue—Beneficial Effects on Self-Assessment Scales But Not on Molecular Markers (2021)

Although fatigue is a common symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS), its pathomechanisms are incompletely understood. Glatiramer acetate (GA), an immunomodulatory agent approved for treatment of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), possesses unique mechanisms of action and has been shown to exhibit beneficial effects on MS fatigue. The objective of this study was to correlate clinical, neuropsychological, and immunological parameters in RRMS patients with fatigue before and during treatment with GA. In a prospective, open-label, multicenter trial, 30 patients with RRMS and fatigue were treated with GA for 12 months. Inclusion criterion was the presence of fatigue as one of the most frequent and disabling symptoms. Before and during treatment, fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the MS-FSS, and the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). In addition, fatigue and quality of life were assessed using the Visual Analog Scales (VAS). Laboratory assessments included screening of 188 parameters using real-time PCR microarrays followed by further analysis of several cytokines, chemokines, and neurotrophic factors. Fatigue self-assessments were completed in 25 patients. After 12 months of treatment with GA, 13 of these patients improved in all three scales (with the most prominent effects on the MFIS), whereas 5 patients had deteriorated. The remaining 7 patients exhibited inconsistent effects within the three scales. Fatigue and overall quality of life had improved, as assessed via VAS. Laboratory assessments revealed heterogeneous mRNA levels of cytokines, chemokines, and neurotrophic factors. In conclusion, we were not able to correlate clinical and molecular effects of GA in patients with RRMS and fatigue.
Original antigenic sin in ferrets: the response to sequential infections with influenza viruses. (1966)

Infection of ferrets with influenza viruses resulted in the production of large numbers of antibody molecules of low avidity. With the passage of time the number of antibody molecules decreased while the average avidity increased. Sequential infection of ferrets with serologically related viruses caused a marked increase in the number of antibody molecules reacting with the first virus. The avidity of this antibody was similar to that of the antibody before reinfection. The antibody reacting with the second virus was of secondary quality. The antibody population 18 to 21 days after secondary infection with a related virus was heterogeneous in terms of avidity, some of the antibodies reacting with either one or the other of the infecting viruses and some reacting with both viruses.
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF AQUEOUS POLYMER GEL NETWORK MORPHOLOGY (1987)

Freeze-fracture TEM images of polymer network structure in aqueous hydroxypropyl guar (HPG) gels permit direct correlations between observed gel morphology and macroscopic chemical and mechanical properties. HPG in aqueous solution associates via hydrogen bonding, even without titanate crosslinker, to form an extended network, the structure of which depends on the electrolyte concentration. The titanate crosslinker acts only to weld together polymer molecules already associated by hydrogen bonding. Mechanical shear degrades the gel by breaking up the network inhomogeneously to form “fractured gel particles,” small domains of well-crosslinked gel separated by fluid domains.
In Utero Lip Repair in the Rhesus Monkey (1987)

Hallock, Geoffrey G. M.D.; Rice, David C. B.S.; McClure, Harold M. D.V.M. Author Information
Impurity induced disordering of CdZnSe/ZnSe strained layer superlattices by germanium diffusion (1993)

We report the first confirmation of disordering of CdZnSe/ZnSe strained layer superlattices (SLSs) by Ge diffusion. Both the as-grown sample and the sample annealed without a Ge layer showed several orders of well-resolved double crystal x-ray satellite peaks due to SLS periodic structure. However, the satellite peaks completely disappeared in the Ge-diffused sample, indicating that the SLS structure was disordered by the Ge diffusion and not caused by the annealing process. PL measurements at 1.4 K of both the as-grown and the annealed samples without Ge diffusion show identical, sharp excitonic emission around 483 nm. After Ge diffusion, the PL peaks shift to higher energy confirming the layer disordering of the SLS.
45‐1: Invited Paper : Advanced Molecular Design for Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters (2017)

A new family of deep‐blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters based on donor‐acceptor architecture was developed. The electronic interaction between donor and acceptor plays the key role in TADF mechanism. Deep‐blue OLEDs fabricated with these TADF emitters achieved high external quantum efficiencies over 19% with CIE coordinates of (0.148, 0.098).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Reactions of N‐Allylbenzotriazoles with Amines and Sulfonamides: A Facile Route to Functionalized Allylamines and N‐Allylsulfonamides. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation of Carbocyclic 3′‐Azidothymidine (AZT) Analogues and Their cycloSal‐Phosphate Triesters (2005)

Abstract Carbocyclic analogues of the anti ‐HIV dideoxynucleoside 3′‐azido‐3′‐deoxythymidine AZT ( 1 ) were synthesized. Starting from the enantiomerically pure carbocyclic 2′‐deoxythymidine 2 , four different carbocyclic AZT analogues 2 , 4 – 6 were prepared. Moreover, the nucleoside analogues were converted into their membrane‐permeable cyclo Sal‐phosphate triesters. All compounds were tested in vitro for their anti ‐HIV activity in human T‐lymphocytes (CEM/0). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Secondary Leukemia Associated with the Anti-Cancer Agent, Etoposide, a Topoisomerase II Inhibitor (2012)

Etoposide is an anticancer agent, which is successfully and extensively used in treatments for various types of cancers in children and adults. However, due to the increases in survival and overall cure rate of cancer patients, interest has arisen on the potential risk of this agent for therapy-related secondary leukemia. Topoisomerase II inhibitors, including etoposide and teniposide, frequently cause rearrangements involving the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene on chromosome 11q23, which is associated with secondary leukemia. The prognosis is extremely poor for leukemias associated with rearrangements in the MLL gene, including etoposide-related secondary leukemias. It is of great importance to gain precise knowledge of the clinical aspects of these diseases and the mechanism underlying the leukemogenesis induced by this agent to ensure correct assessments of current and future therapy strategies. Here, I will review current knowledge regarding the clinical aspects of etoposide-related secondary leukemia, some probable mechanisms, and strategies for treating etoposide-induced leukemia.
Inorganic Glass Proton Exchange Membranes (2007)

Abstract not Available.
Alcohol-dysregulated miR-30a and miR-934 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2015)

Alcohol induces the dysregulation of miR-30a and miR-934, which may play crucial roles in HNSCC pathogenesis and progression. Future investigation of the alcohol-mediated pathways effecting these transformations will prove valuable for furthering the understanding and treatment of alcohol-associated HNSCC.
Fourier series and estimation: An application to optical phase tracking (1977)

Methods of Fourier analysis and an assumed folded normal density approximation are applied to a nonlinear estimation problem in which the observation consists of a doubly stochastic Poisson process. A particular application to optical phase tracking is discussed. The performance, as computed by Monte Carlo simulation, of the resulting suboptimal estimator compares favorably to that of the "quasi-optimum" estimator of Snyder.
Regio- and stereoselective addition of carbon disulfide-iron complexes to .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyls in the presence of strong acids (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegio- and stereoselective addition of carbon disulfide-iron complexes to .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyls in the presence of strong acidsDaniel Plusquellec and Pierre DixneufCite this: Organometallics 1982, 1, 10, 1401–1403Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00070a026https://doi.org/10.1021/om00070a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficacy of Triple Anti-Platelet Therapy Including Cilostazol in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation (2009)

Background and Objectives: Triple anti-platelet therapy is known to prevent restenosis after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. However, there is little available data concerning the efficacy of triple anti-platelet therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Subjects and Methods: We analyzed 528 consecutive patients with AMI undergoing DES implantation between Nov 2005 and Apr 2008. We compared clinical outcomes in the triple anti-platelet therapy (group I, n=413: cilostazol combined with aspirin and clopidogrel for at least one month) and dual antiplatelet therapy groups (group II, n=115: aspirin and clopidogrel). Results: There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. However, ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and use of TAXUS stents were more common (70.9% vs. 55.7%, p=0.002; 83.5% vs. 73.0%, p=0.011) in Group I. Group I had lower incidences of cardiac death, 6-month target lesion revascularization (TLR), and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) compared to Group II (1.7% vs. 5.7%, p=0.022; 5.7% vs. 11.5%, 0.035; 7.9% vs. 16.0%, p=0.011). On subgroup analysis, the incidence of 6-month TLR was lower among patients with American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) B2 or C lesions and non-STEMI (6.0% vs. 14.9%, p=0.012; 4.3% vs. 19.1%, p=0.002) in Group I compared to those in Group II. The rates of bleeding complications were no different between the two groups. On multivariate analysis, Killip III or IV and triple anti-platelet therapy were independent predictors of 6-month MACCE {hazard ratio (HR)=3.382 ; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.384-8.262, HR=0.436; 95% CI=0.203-0.933}. Conclusion: Triple anti-platelet therapy is safe and efficacious, and it prevents TLR in patients with AMI, especially those with complex lesions and non-STEMIs. (
Crystal and Electronic Structures of (BEDT-TTF)AuCl2AuCl4 (1986)

Abstract Electrochemical crystallization of bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) in the presence of AuCl4− has yielded an organic conductor with the composition of (BEDT-TTF)AuCl2-AuCl4. X-ray analysis shows that the AuCl2− anions are incorporated in the two-dimensional network of BEDT-TTF, and these networks are separated by the AuCl4− anions.
Nanofibers: Generation of Electrospun Nanofibers with Controllable Degrees of Crimping Through a Simple, Plasticizer‐Based Treatment (Adv. Mater. 16/2015) (2015)

Electrospun nanofibers made of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and its copolymers or blends shrink to generate crimping features along the fibers when they are treated with ethanol, a plasticizer for PLA. On page 2583, S. Thomopoulos, Y. Xia, and co-workers demonstrate that the degree of crimping can be controlled to provide a new platform for tendon repair.
Molecular mechanisms underlying the anti‐proliferative and anti‐migratory effects of folate on homocysteine‐challenged rat aortic smooth muscle cells (2013)

Folate was anti-proliferative and anti-migratory in homocysteine-challenged RASMC. Mechanisms underlying folate-mediated protection against the proatherosclerotic effects of homocysteine have been delineated.
Geometric constraints and optimization in externally driven propulsion (2018)

The optimal propulsion of magnetic micromachines with preprogrammed and random shapes is theoretically investigated.
New Synthesis of Pyrrolidine Homoazasugars via Aminohomologation of Furanoses and Their Use for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Aza-C-disaccharides (2002)

The introduction of a formyl group at the anomeric center of 2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl furanoses and substitution of the ring oxygen with a basic nitrogen atom (aminohomologation) was carried out via stereoselective addition of 2-lithiothiazole to N-benzyl, N-furanosylhydroxylamines (masked N-benzyl sugar nitrones), followed by reductive dehydroxylation of the resulting open-chain adducts, and then ring closure via intramolecular displacement of the free hydroxy group by the amino group and unmasking of the formyl group from the thiazole ring. The resulting formyl aza-C-glycosides were transformed into 2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-hexitols (pyrrolidine homoazasugars) by reduction of the formyl to the hydroxymethyl group and removal of the O- and N-benzyl groups by hydrogenolysis. This reaction sequence was applied to four furanoses (D-arabino, D-ribo, D-lyxo, L-xylo) to give the hydroxy- and amino-free homoazasugars, including the natural product 2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-D-mannitol, in 17% overall yields (six steps). The formyl aza-C-glycosides proved to be valuable intermediates for the synthesis of more complex derivatives. In fact, these sugar aldehydes were employed in Wittig-type coupling reactions with galactose and ribose phosphoranes to give bis-glycosylated alkenes, which upon reduction of the double bond were transformed into methylene isosteres of (1-->6)- and (1-->5)-linked disaccharides in which one of the two sugar moieties was an azasugar (aza-(1-->x)-C-disaccharides).
Pharmacological Study of Zingiber mioga ROSCOE : Effects on Thiopental Sleeping Time and Intracranial Self-stimulation Behavior (1980)

The pharmacological effects of water-soluble and insoluble fractions extracted from Zingiber mioga ROSCOE were examined in mice and rats. In mice, Fr-W1, Fr-2 and Fr-W4 in water-soluble fraction significantly prolonged the sleeping time after thiopental Na administration. Intracranial self-stimulation behavior in rats was also depressed by Fr-W1 and Fr-W4. These results suggest the possible existence of some substances that exert central nervous depressive action in these fractions.
Expression, purification and crystallization of the Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus nucleocapsid protein (2012)

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a member of the Nairovirus genus within the Bunyaviridae family of segmented negative-sense RNA viruses. This paper describes the expression, purification and crystallization of full-length CCHFV nucleocapsid (N) protein and the collection of a 2.1 Å resolution X-ray diffraction data set using synchrotron radiation. Crystals of the CCHFV N protein belonged to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 150.38, b = 72.06, c = 101.23 Å, β = 110.70° and two molecules in the asymmetric unit. Circular-dichroism analysis provided insight into the secondary structure, whilst gel-filtration analysis revealed possible oligomeric states of the N protein. Structural determination is ongoing.