gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new class of complex water-soluble polyelectrolytes (1984)

Water-soluble nonstoichiometric polyelectrolyte complexes (N-PEC) constitute a new class of polyelectrolytes. N-PEC are formed as a result of interaction between oppositely charged polyelectrolytes taken in non-equivalent rations and thus they are macromolecular compounds. An N-PEC particle can be represented as a macromolecule of a segmented block copolymer. The behaviour of the N-PEC in aqueous-salt media shows their polyelectrolyte nature, but in contrast to ordinary polyelectrolytes, they undergo considerable conformational changes. These transitions precede phase separations, which are unique and are accompanied by the phenomena of disproportionation. Using N-PEC as enzyme carriers it is possible to produce self-regulating systems with a feedback and also thermostable systems, which are the simplest models of a spore. The N-PEC formed by synthetic polyelectrolytes and some proteins, show a pronounced physiological activity and belong to the class of highly immunogenic antigens.
Sensor fault and patient anomaly detection and classification in medical wireless sensor networks (2013)

Wireless Sensor Networks are vulnerable to a plethora of different fault types and external attacks after their deployment. We focus on sensor networks used in healthcare applications for vital sign collection from remotely monitored patients. These types of personal area networks must be robust and resilient to sensor failures as their capabilities encompass highly critical systems. Our objective is to propose an anomaly detection algorithm for medical wireless sensor networks. Our proposed approach firstly classifies instances of sensed patient attributes as normal and abnormal. Once we detect an abnormal instance, we use regression prediction to discern between a faulty sensor reading and a patient entering into a critical state. Our experimental results on real patient datasets show that our proposed approach is able to quickly detect patient anomalies and sensor faults with high detection accuracy while maintaining a low false alarm ratio.
New design and implementation of adaptive-integration-time image sensor (2002)

We describe a novel approach to enhance the performance of image sensing by integrating the processing element with an image sensor. We have been investigating a smart sensor which controls the integration time of every pixel independently. The integration time is controlled so that it has higher temporal resolution and wider dynamic range. We describe a new adaptive-integration-time image sensor which has 128/spl times/64 pixels. We have designed the VLSI prototype by using a column parallel architecture. In this new chip, the scheme to control the integration time is extended, and the pixel pitch processing speed and power consumption are much improved in comparison with our previous prototype. A 7-bit address encoder is newly implemented. We show some experimental results obtained with the prototype.
Meshed high data rate personal area networks (2008)

Wireless mesh networks have proven to be of great potential in providing new and innovative applications in many areas in the last few years. WMNs can address some limitations and optimize the performance of existing standardized networks in terms of cost, reliability, simplified network configuration, extended coverage and so on. This article is a tutorial on the technical aspects of meshed personal area networks. The proposed solutions for meshing high data rate PANs (802.15.3) are discussed along with related issues where applicable. The article starts by giving an overview of the high data rate PAN standard (802.15.3) and its inherent limitations to operate in a mesh configuration. It discusses the main drivers behind meshing PANs and describes the architecture, operation in a mesh configuration, and the hidden node/exposed node issue, which is pronounced in mesh networks. The added functionality of routing in meshed PANs, optimizations due to multi-interface/multichannel communication, improved dynamic channel selection, transmitted power control procedures, and security aspects are also given in this article. The article concludes by summarizing the proposed approaches for meshing PANs.
The Length and Sequence Composition of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Intergenic Regions Affect mRNA Levels and the Site of Transcript Initiation (1998)

In this study, we used a dicistronic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) minigenome to investigate the effects of either single or multiple nucleotide insertions placed immediately after the nontranscribed intergenic dinucleotide of the M gene on VSV transcription. Both Northern blot and primer extension analysis showed that the polymerase responded to the inserted nucleotides in a sequence-specific manner such that some insertions had no effect on mRNA synthesis from the downstream G gene, nor on the site of transcript initiation, whereas other insertions resulted in dramatic reductions in transcript accumulation. Some of these transcripts were initiated at the wild-type site, while others initiated within the inserted sequence. We also examined the transcriptional events that occurred when a natural, 21-nucleotide intergenic region located between the G and L genes from the New Jersey (NJ) serotype of VSV was inserted into the minigenome gene junction. In contrast to the normal 25 to 30% attenuation observed for downstream transcription at gene junctions containing the typical dinucleotide (3'-GA-5') intergenic region, the NJ variant showed greater than 75% attenuation at the gene junction. In addition, the polymerase initiated transcription at two major start sites, one of which was located within the intergenic sequence. Collectively, these data suggest that the polymerase "samples" the intergenic sequences following polyadenylation and termination of the upstream transcript by scanning until an appropriate start site is found. One implication of a scanning polymerase is that the polymerase presumably switches states from a processive elongation mode to a stuttering mode for polyadenylation to one in which no transcription occurs, before it reinitiates at the downstream gene. Our data support the hypothesis that sequences surrounding the intergenic region modulate these events such that appropriate amounts of each mRNA are synthesized.
Site-specific interaction of intercalating drugs with a branched DNA molecule (1989)

The interaction of a stable branched DNA molecule with an intercalative drug is probed by hydroxyl radical scission. Methidiumpropyl-EDTA.Fe(II) [MPE.Fe(II)], consisting of an intercalating ring system tethered to EDTA.Fe(II), produces the hydroxyl radicals by means of a Fenton reaction. The cleavage patterns of each labeled strand in a branched tetramer of four 16-mers are compared with those of the same strands in unbranched duplex controls. Strong differences between the profiles corresponding to scission of branched and duplex DNA molecules are seen in each of the strands at low MPE/DNA ratios. A specific site in the branched structure interacts preferentially with the drug, while other regions of the molecule are protected from cleavage. At 4 degrees C, cutting at strand positions demarcating the site of enhanced affinity is observed to be 60-100% more efficient than at the corresponding sequence positions in the control duplex DNA molecules; the degree of protection is comparable. Cleavage in the vicinity of the preferred site occurs at residues flanking the branch point. The reactive Fe(II) group appears to be centered within two residues of the branch point, and the site of preferential intercalation may be between the two base pairs abutting the branch point in one of the two helical domains. The pattern of preferential cutting at this site is eliminated in the presence of excess propidium diiodide, another intercalative drug.
Laboratory test: Evaluation of a substituted phenolic against fly larvae and mites in cultivated mushrooms (1995)

Fresh solutions of Phensol, 191 g/L substituted phenol, at the recommended rate, 20mL/L and half this rate, lOmL/L formulated product, were tested against the following: white cecids ('Heteropeza pygmaea'), orange cecids ('Mycophila barnesi'), Australian pygmy mites ('Microdispus Iambi'), red pepper mites ('Siteroptes mesembrinae'), and bacteria feeding mites ('Histiostoma feroniarum') both adult and hypopal forms. When ready to disperse the mites and cecidomyiid larvae swarm to the surfaces of the mushroom beds. A pesticide is needed to reduce numbers prior to the room being emptied, otherwise the infestation could spread around the farm.
The Impact of Changing Antiseptic Skin Preparation Agent used for Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) Procedures on the Risk of Infection (2014)

In one large cohort of patients undergoing CIED procedures, the antiseptic agent used for skin preparation (chlorhexidine-alcohol vs povidone-iodine) was not associated with increased risk of developing CIED infection.
Agreement on stochastic multi-robot systems with communication failures (2010)

Agreement algorithms allow individual agents in a population to estimate a global quantity by sharing information. A common example is computing the global mean of a sensor measurement from each agent. We present a practical agreement algorithm, input-based consensus (IBC), that produces bounded error and recovery in the face of significant communications failures in a stochastic distributed system. We compare our algorithm to linear average consensus (LAC), which produces an exact result under ideal conditions, but is not robust to message loss. For both algorithms, we measure performance with respect to a varying percentage of dropped messages. The algorithms are examined analytically, simulated using the Stochastic Simulation Algorithm, and demonstrated experimentally on a testbed of 20 robots. In all cases, the IBC algorithm produced reasonable values, even when tested with up to 90% message loss.
SEROLOGIC SURVEYS OF HUMAN CANCER PATIENTS FOR ANTIBODY TO ADENOVIRUS T ANTIGENS (1970)

Journal Article SEROLOGIC SURVEYS OF HUMAN CANCER PATIENTS FOR ANTIBODY TO ADENOVIRUS T ANTIGENS Get access RAYMOND V. GILDEN, RAYMOND V. GILDEN 1Flow Laboratories IncorporatedRockville, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JEROME KERN, JEROME KERN 1Flow Laboratories IncorporatedRockville, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar YONG KI LEE, YONG KI LEE 1Flow Laboratories IncorporatedRockville, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar FRED RAPP, FRED RAPP 2Pennsylvania State University School of MedicineHershey, Pa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOSEPH L. MELNICK, JOSEPH L. MELNICK 3Department of Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of MedicineHouston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOHN L. RIGGS, JOHN L. RIGGS 4Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, State Department of Public HealthBerkeley, Calif Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar EDWIN H. LENNETTE, EDWIN H. LENNETTE 4Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, State Department of Public HealthBerkeley, Calif Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar BERTON ZBAR, BERTON ZBAR 5Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HERBERT J. RAPP, HERBERT J. RAPP 5Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HORACE C. TURNER, HORACE C. TURNER 6Viral Carcinogenesis Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ... Show more ROBERT J. HUEBNER ROBERT J. HUEBNER 6Viral Carcinogenesis Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 91, Issue 5, May 1970, Pages 500–509, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121160 Published: 01 May 1970 Article history Received: 03 December 1969 Published: 01 May 1970
Concatenated Codes Based on the Plotkin Construction and Their Soft-Input Decoding (2022)

Reed-Muller (RM) codes have recently regained some interest in the context of low latency communications and due to their relation to polar codes. RM codes can be constructed based on the Plotkin construction. In this work, we consider concatenated codes based on the Plotkin construction, where extended Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes are used as component codes. This leads to improved code parameters compared to RM codes. Moreover, this construction is more flexible concerning the attainable code rates. Additionally, new soft-input decoding algorithms are proposed that exploit the recursive structure of the concatenation and the cyclic structure of the component codes. First, we consider the decoding of the cyclic component codes and propose a low complexity hybrid ordered statistics decoding algorithm. Next, this algorithm is applied to list decoding of the Plotkin construction. The proposed list decoding approach achieves near-maximum-likelihood performance for codes with medium lengths. The performance is comparable to state-of-the-art decoders, whereas the complexity is reduced.
An efficient algorithm for optimal pairing and chaining in layout generation (1996)

Most published chaining algorithms require a previous pairing step. Since an heuristical approach is used for pairing, the optimal pairing is not always found. A new algorithm is presented that combines pairing and chaining into one single step. This approach is based on Chi-Yi-Hwang et al.'s (1990) algorithm. Extended definitions are given to introduce the new features. A new upper bound on the number of possible abutments reduces the search tree. Optimal results are always reached and execution time is maintained low.
A Full Skin Defect Model to Evaluate Vascularization of Biomaterials <em>In Vivo</em> (2014)

Insufficient vascularization is considered to be one of the main factors limiting the clinical success of tissue-engineered constructs. In order to evaluate new strategies that aim at improving vascularization, reliable methods are required to make the in-growth of new blood vessels into bio-artificial scaffolds visible and quantify the results. Over the past couple of years, our group has introduced a full skin defect model that enables the direct visualization of blood vessels by transillumination and provides the possibility of quantification through digital segmentation. In this model, one surgically creates full skin defects in the back of mice and replaces them with the material tested. Molecules or cells of interest can also be incorporated in such materials to study their potential effect. After an observation time of one's own choice, materials are explanted for evaluation. Bilateral wounds provide the possibility of making internal comparisons that minimize artifacts among individuals as well as of decreasing the number of animals needed for the study. In comparison to other approaches, our method offers a simple, reliable and cost effective analysis. We have implemented this model as a routine tool to perform high-resolution screening when testing vascularization of different biomaterials and bio-activation approaches.
Thermal Conductivity, Heat Sources and Temperature Profiles of Li-Ion Batteries (2014)

In this paper we report the thermal conductivity of several commercial and non-commercial Li-ion secondary battery electrode materials with and without electrolytesolvents. We also measure the Tafel potential, the ohmic resistance, reaction entropyand external temperature of a commercial pouch cell secondary Li-ion battery. Finallywe combined all the experimentally obtained data in a thermal model and discuss thecorresponding internal temperature effects.The thermal conductivity of dry electrode material was found to range from 0.07to 0.41 WK −1 m −1 while the electrode material soaked in electrolyte solvent rangedfrom 0.36 to 1.10 WK −1 m −1 . For all the different materials it was found that addingthe electrolyte solvent increased the thermal conductivity by at least a factor of three. For one of the anode materials it was found that heat treatment at 3000 K increasedthe thermal conductivity by a factor of almost five.Measuring the electric heat sources of an air cooled commercial pouch cell bat-tery at up to ± 2C and the thermal conductivity of the electrode components madeit possible to estimate internal temperature profiles. Combining the heat sources withtabulated convective heat transfer coefficients of air allowed us to calculate the ambi-ent temperature profiles. At 12C charging rate (corresponding to 5 minutes completecharging) the internal temperature differences was estimated to be in the range of 4-20K, depending on the electrode thermal conductivity. The external temperature dropin air flowing at the battery surface was estimated to nearly 40K. Evaluating thermal management of batteries in the light of our measurement led to the conclusion that ex-ternal cooling is more challenging than internal, though neither should be neglected.
Human Fibroblast Chromatin States as Effectors of the DNA-Binding Characteristics of Benzo[a]pyrene anti-7,8-Dihydrodiol 9,10-Epoxide and Two Nonalkylating DNA-Binding Molecules2 (1986)

Pure populations of mitotic or nonmitotic diploid human fibroblasts (greater than 98% pure) were exposed to [3H]benzo [a]pyrene (CAS: 50-32-8) anti-7,8-dihydrodiol 9,10-epoxide: r-7,t-8 dihydroxy-t-9, 10-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo [a]pyrene (or anti-diol-epoxide). In addition, metaphase chromosomes, interphase chromatin, or naked DNA was isolated from the pure cell populations and then titrated to saturation with anti-diol-epoxide, chromomycin A3, or 3,8-diamino-5-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridinium bromide (ethidium bromide). At saturation, anti-diol-epoxide had covalently modified 1.5% of the total deoxyguanosine residues in naked DNA, and this was reduced to 29 and 15% of this level in saturating the available anti-diol-epoxide-binding sites in chromosomes or chromatin, respectively. A similar hierarchy of accessible binding sites (naked DNA greater than chromosomes greater than chromatin) was also observed for the noncovalent interaction of chromomycin A3 or ethidium bromide with the human cell DNA. Deproteinization of the chromosome or chromatin preparations returned the level of drug binding to that seen with naked DNA. The results clarify the association between proteins and DNA in human chromatin and suggest how cell-cycle-dependent changes in DNA-associated proteins or higher-order changes in protein-DNA conformation can act to alter the access of molecules to DNA-binding sites.
Design and classical characterization of a quantum interface between telecommunication and UV wavelengths (2015)

We propose and characterize a quantum interface between telecommunication wavelengths (1311 nm) and an Yb-dipole transition (369.5 nm) based on a second order sum frequency process in a PPKTP waveguide. An external (internal) conversion efficiency above 5% (10%) is shown using classical bright light.
Improved Performance of GaN-Based LEDs by Covering Top C-Plane of Patterned Sapphire Substrate with Oxide Layer (2011)

Patterned sapphire substrate (PSS) has been used to improve both internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and light extraction efficiency (LEE) of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In this study, two kinds of periodic triangle pyramidal array PSSs were fabricated by wet etching. (1) "CPSS" was pyramid with a flat top c-plane, and (2) "OPSS" was pyramid with an oxide-covered top c-plane. It was found that the output power of OPSS was 29.0 mW, which was 6.2% higher than that of CPSS. This is because the GaN lateral growth area of OPSS was higher than that of CPSS.
Characterization of Hadoop Jobs Using Unsupervised Learning (2010)

MapReduce programming paradigm and its open source implementation, Apache Hadoop, is increasingly being used for data-intensive applications in cloud computing environments. An understanding of the characteristics of workloads running in MapReduce environments benefits both the cloud service providers and their users. This work characterizes Hadoop jobs running on production clusters at Yahoo! using unsupervised learning. Unsupervised clustering techniques have been applied to many important problems - ranging from Social Network Analysis to Biomedical Research. We use these techniques to cluster Hadoop MapReduce jobs that are similar in characteristics., Hadoop framework generates metrics for every MapReduce job, such as number of map and reduce tasks, number of bytes read/written to local file system and HDFS etc. We use these metrics and job configuration features such as format of the input/output files, type of compression used etc to find similarity among Hadoop jobs. We study the centroids and densities of these job clusters. We also perform comparative analysis of real production workload and workload emulated by our benchmark tool, Grid Mix, by comparing job clusters of both workloads.
Development of a novel antimicrobial peptide, AG‐30, with angiogenic properties (2008)

The utility of various synthetic peptides has been investigated in clinical trials of the treatment of cancers, infectious diseases and endocrine diseases. In the process of functional gene screening with in silico analysis for molecules with angiogenic properties, we generated a small peptide, angiogenic peptide (AG)-30, that possesses both antimicrobial and pro-inflammatory activities. AG-30 has an alpha-helix structure with a number of hydrophobic or net positively charged amino acids and a propensity to fold into amphipathic structures. Indeed, AG-30 exhibited antimicrobial activity against various bacteria, induced vascular endothelial cell growth and tube formation in a dose-dependent manner and increased neovascularization in a Matrigel plug assay. As a result, AG-30 up-regulated expression of angiogenesis-related cytokines and growth factors for up to 72 hrs in human aortic endothelial cells. To further evaluate the angiogenic effect of AG-30 in vivo, we developed a slow-release AG-30 system utilizing biodegradable gelatin microspheres. In the ischaemic mouse hind limb, slow-release AG-30 treatment results in an increase in angiogenic score, an increase in blood flow (as demonstrated by laser Doppler imaging) and an increase in capillary density (as demonstrated by immunostaining with anti-CD31 antibody). These data suggest that the novel peptide, AG-30, may have therapeutic potential for ischaemic diseases.
Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Kakeromamide A and Its Analogues (2020)

Kakeromamide A (<b>1</b>), the first marine cyclopeptide inducing neural stem cells differentiation into astrocytes, was synthesized in 12 longest linear steps and 14% overall yield. Using this synthetic approach, four analogs of kakeromamide A were prepared and evaluated for neural differentiation- modulating activity.