gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of two of the recommendations from the Queensland ombudsman's report on the Pacific Motorway with respect to road traffic noise (2009)

Following a Queensland Government public announcement on 15 April 1996, the Department of Main Roads (DMR) upgraded the Pacific Highway between the Logan Motorway and Nerang to motorway standard. Complaints were lodged with the Queensland Ombudsman (QO), by the community group known as “Residents Against Increased Noise (RAIN)”. The complaints concerned the actions of DMR in upgrading the Pacific Motorway, particularly its decision to construct some sections of the pavement surface with concrete rather than asphalt. The decision to use concrete had caused RAIN to be concerned about the effects of road traffic noise on their everyday lives. The QO’s responsibility under the Ombudsman Act is to investigate complaints involving the administrative decisions and actions of public sector agencies and to recommend remedial action where appropriate. The QO formed 16 Opinions and made 22 Recommendations. This paper comments on two of the Recommendations of the QO. These recommendations involved DMR offering treatments to individual noise sensitive premises in order to improve the acoustic amenity inside the premises. In general, where a predicted increase of 2dB(A) in noise level occurred at these premises between 1996 and 2011, then the owners are being offered the installation of mechanical ventilation so that windows can remain closed or partly closed to reduce the noise entering habitable rooms. As well, where a predicted increase of greater than or equal to 3 in noise level occurred at these premises between 1996 and 2011, then the owners are being offered the installation of mechanical ventilation and air conditioning so that windows can remain closed to reduce the noise entering habitable rooms.
Exploring translational gaps between basic scientists, clinical researchers, clinicians, and consumers: Proceedings and recommendations arising from the 2020 mine the gap online workshop (2021)

This brief report provides a greater understanding of the diverse work and gaps relevant to fundamental/discovery scientists, clinical researchers and clinicians working across the musculoskeletal field. The numerous translational gaps highlight the need to improve communication and collaboration across the musculoskeletal field.
Ambient Particulate Matter Exposure and Under-Five and Maternal Deaths in Asia (2019)

The Asian region is one of the major emission sources of air pollution. Although ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> has been linked to several health risks in high-, low-, and middle-income countries, the further analysis of type impact is still rare but significant. The PM<sub>2.5</sub> distribution retrieved from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) aerosol optical depth products within 16 years thus explored the associations between under-five and maternal mortality for 45 countries in Asia. Both the nonparametric (Generalized Additive Mixed-Effect) and parametric (Generalized Linear Mixed-Effect) models were employed to analyze the collected datasets. The results show that the levels of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Asian sub-regions were higher than the Global Air Quality Standards. Biomass PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations was associated with increased the rate of under-five (Incidence Rate Ratio, IRR = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.13-1.47) and maternal (IRR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.08-1.10) deaths in Asia. Anthropogenic PM<sub>2.5</sub> was associated with increased rate of under-five deaths in Asia by 12%. The nonparametric method revealed that dust PM<sub>2.5</sub> was positively associated with the under-five (<i>β</i> = 0.04, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and maternal (<i>β</i> = 0.07, <i>p</i> < 0.001) deaths in Asia. The rate of maternal deaths was increased by biomass/dust (IRR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.63-1.65) and anthropogenic/dust (IRR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.19-1.26) mixture types. In summary, long-term exposure to different types of ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> in high concentration increased the rate of under-five and maternal deaths, suggesting that policies focusing on preventive and control measures is imperative for developing an improved maternal, newborn, and child health in Asia.
The optimality equation in average cost denumerable state semi-Markov decision problems, recurrency conditions and algorithms (1978)

This paper is concerned with the optimality equation for the average costs in a denumerable state semi-Markov decision model. It will be shown that under each of a number of recurrency conditions on the transition probability matrices associated with the stationary policies, the optimality equation has a bounded solution. This solution indeed yields a stationary policy which is optimal for a strong version of the average cost optimality criterion. Besides the existence of a bounded solution to the optimality equation, we will show that both the value-iteration method and the policy-iteration method can be used to determine such a solution. For the latter method we will prove that the average costs and the relative cost functions of the policies generated converge to a solution of the optimality equation.
Advanced landing gear fibre Bragg grating sensing and monitoring system (2022)

In this paper an advanced optical-based landing gear load sensing and monitoring system is presented. The system measures strains using fibre Bragg grating sensor that are converted into loads and torque at the landing gear wheels and provides this data for use by the aircraft systems for integration with aircraft health monitoring, hard landing detection, flight management, flight controls and ground controls. A complete sensing system was developed in the European Union Clean Sky 2 Joint Technology Initiative Advanced Landing Gear Sensing and Monitoring (ALGeSMo), described herein. This involved: the integration of optical fibres into a composite structure, the development of an optical harness (cabling and connectors) meeting aircraft installation requirements, the readout of the optical fibre sensors with state-of-the-art miniature optoelectronics and the processing and communication of the data. Apart from specific tests on the various components, a bespoke test rig was developed to rigorously test the whole sensing and monitoring system on an A320 main landing gear slider tube to validate the performance of the system. The system-level tests performed on the test rig showed a very good correlation with applied actuator loads and additional conventional strain and temperature sensors. It demonstrates that loads along all three axis of the landing gear and the torque about the wheel axle can be accurately measured. Tests performed at cold and elevated temperatures, however, revealed that the generally applied one-dimensional temperature compensation equation is not accurate enough for this application, due to the non-uniform non-stationary temperature field. The ALGeSMo research activities have advanced the state of the art in several key areas for the deployment of optical sensing systems for safety-critical applications, such as integration of optical fibres into composite material, robust optical connections, avionic-compliant optical interrogator and landing gear load measurement up to technology readiness level technology readiness level 5.
Form-based File Upload in HTML (1995)

Currently, HTML forms allow the producer of the form to request information from the user reading the form. These forms have proven useful in a wide variety of applications in which input from the user is necessary. However, this capability is limited because HTML forms don't provide a way to ask the user to submit files of data. Service providers who need to get files from the user have had to implement custom user applications. (Examples of these custom browsers have appeared on the www-talk mailing list.) Since file-upload is a feature that will benefit many applications, this proposes an extension to HTML to allow information providers to express file upload requests uniformly, and a MIME compatible representation for file upload responses. This also includes a description of a backward compatibility strategy that allows new servers to interact with the current HTML user agents.
Inelastic Analysis of Sealing Characteristics of Flanges With Metal Ring Joint Gasket at Elevated Temperature (2006)

In a previous paper(1) presented in 2005 ASME PVP Conference, the authors investigated the elastic plastic behavior of dissimilar material flanges with a metal ring joint gasket operated at elevated temperature using FEA. Case studies were performed to study the effects of load path, material combination and flange size on the contact pressure and the plastic strain distribution in the ring joint gasket. In that paper, the authors concluded that the load path has a large impact on both, the contact pressure and the plastic strain, and, on the other hand, the material combination of the flanges and their size have small effects. In this paper, the authors present further FEA-based investigation on this mechanism. The first issue is the effects of meteorological changes, such as wind velocity, ambient temperature and rain, as is often the case with real energy and process plants. These meteorological changes result in the temperature change of bolts and flanges. The bolt temperature change causes different thermal expansion in the ring joint gasket and the bolts. This may affect the sealing performance. In this paper, the wind velocities were changed to investigate meteorological changes as a typical such change. The second issue is the behavior of the metal ring joint gasket after the second operation cycle. The metal ring joint gaskets are usually replaced after the first operation cycle, i.e., from start up to shut down. However, it is said that all ring joint gaskets are not replaced. In the previous paper, the behavior of the ring joint gasket during the first operation cycle was investigated. Increase of plastic strain in the sequential operation cycles is an important issue in terms of sealing performance. Therefore the behavior of the ring joint gasket in the second operation cycle was investigated. Finally the sealing mechanism and characteristics of this dissimilar material flanges under elevated temperature operation cycles were made clear.
Locus of the interaction among 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and interferon-alpha 2a in colon carcinoma cells. (1993)

Prior studies from these laboratories demonstrated 3.2-fold potentiation of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) cytotoxicity by recombinant human interferon-alpha 2a (rIFN-alpha 2a) in GC3/cl colon adenocarcinoma cells that was significantly enhanced to 14-fold when FUra was combined with rIFN-alpha 2a + a mixture of the diasteroisomers of the biologically active (6S) and inactive (6R) leucovorin or 5-formyl-H4PteGlu (LV), events that were reversible by thymidine (dThd). In GC3/clTS-c3/c3 cells, deficient in thymidylate synthase, rIFN-alpha 2a cytotoxicity was not influenced by the concentration of dThd, indicating no direct effect at the level of dThd-less stress. Direct assays of thymidylate synthase indicated no significant difference between FUra-induced accumulation of total thymidylate synthase or free or unbound thymidylate synthase in cells receiving FUra + modulators. In addition, the cytotoxic activity of CB3717, a specific quinazoline-based inhibitor of thymidylate synthase, was not potentiated by rIFN-alpha 2a. These studies suggested that thymidylate synthase was not the primary target site for rIFN-alpha 2a activity. Since data indicated that a 5-fluoropyrimidine was required in the interaction among FUra, LV, and rIFN-alpha 2a, attention was focused at the level of DNA. Both DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by FUra were significantly elevated by rIFN-alpha 2a and LV administered as single modulators and were influenced by the concentrations of both FUra and rIFN-alpha 2a. However; when FUra was combined with LV, rIFN-alpha 2a further potentiated the frequency of DNA SSBs, and data correlated with the relative cytotoxic activity of FUra-LV-rIFN-alpha 2a combinations. No effect on CB3717-induced DNA SSBs or DSBs by rIFN-alpha 2a was demonstrated. Drug exposure for 48 h was required to detect measurable differences in DNA SSB frequency among FUra-LV-rIFN-alpha 2a treatment groups and correlated with decreased clonogenic survival under these conditions. Continuous exposure to FUra (72 h) allowed shorter exposures to LV and/or rIFN-alpha 2a (48 h) to maintain maximal cytotoxicity. Shorter exposure times for FUra during continuous exposure to the modulators were less cytotoxic. Data suggest that the primary locus of the interaction among FUra, LV, and rIFN-alpha 2a lies at the level of DNA. rIFN-alpha 2a may exert its effects via enhancement of FUra base excision or incorporation into DNA, events that subsequently become influenced by thymidylate synthase inhibition and dThd-less stress and are further potentiated by LV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
In search of the point-of-contact: contextualized technology refreshes ICT teaching in Tanzania (2005)

Meaningful learning of information and communication technology (ICT) requires students to understand ICT concepts in their own cultural or societal context. In this study, we hypothesized that grounding ICT education in the local context and using concretizing tools, like programming visualization and intelligent building blocks (I-BLOCKs), would benefit students. We investigated this hypothesis by first developing an introductory ICT course in programming, which applied these strategies, and then by analyzing the results of the course. The course was held at Tumaini University, Iringa University College, Tanzania, in the fall of 2004. Altogether 27 teacher-trainees participated in the course. The outcomes of the course showed that the students understood the main concepts that were taught. They were also able to apply the methods of creative problem solving that were taught in the course. It was also found that students' algorithmically-oriented understanding was not at the desired level and that the course, as well as the future curriculum, needs further development in this particular area.
Dynamic mooring simulation with Code_Aster with application to a floating wind turbine (2017)

The design of reliable station-keeping systems for permanent floating structures such as offshore renewable energy devices is vital to their lifelong integrity. In highly dynamic and/or deep-water applications, including hydrodynamics and structural dynamics in the mooring analysis is paramount for the accurate prediction of the loading on the lines and hence their dimensioning. This article presents a new workflow based on EDF R&D's open-source, finite-element analysis tool Code_Aster, enabling the dynamic analysis of catenary mooring systems, with application to a floating wind turbine concept. The University of Maine DeepCwind-OC4 basin test campaign is used for validation, showing that Code_Aster can satisfactorily predict the fairlead tensions in both regular and irregular waves. In the latter case, all of the three main spectral components of tension observed in the experiments are found numerically. Also, the dynamic line tension is systematically compared with that provided by the classic quasi-static approach, thereby confirming its limitations. Robust dynamic simulation of catenary moorings is shown to be possible using this generalist finite-element software, provided that the inputs be organised consistently with the physics of offshore hydromechanics.
Establishing the Thematic Framework for a Diabetes-Specific Health-Related Quality of Life Item Bank for Use in an English-Speaking Asian Population (2014)

We had developed a thematic framework for assessing DM-specific HRQoL in a multi-ethnic Asian population, identified new items that needed to be written and confirmed that PROMIS was a useful starting point. We hope that better understanding and measurement of HRQoL of Asian DM patients will translate to better quality of care for them.
Supplementary Figure 1 from KAT6B Is a Tumor Suppressor Histone H3 Lysine 23 Acetyltransferase Undergoing Genomic Loss in Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. KAT6B copy number and DNA methylation status in SCLC cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
Maximize gasoline production from shale oil (1981)

The medical examinations currently undertaken in Dutch professional football clubs are diverse in nature and not consistent from one club to another. Only a limited number of clubs meet Dutch guidelines for periodic medical examinations of workers.
Matrice de diffusion et applications (2020)

Comment évaluer les performances des dispositifs électromagnétiques et optiques ? Les méthodes basées sur les matrices de diffusion, de transmission et de réflexion permettent d’estimer rapidement les propriétés de ces structures complexes associant des composants électroniques et des matériaux diélectriques ou magnétiques.
Research Update: Spin transfer torques in permalloy on monolayer MoS2 (2016)

We observe current induced spin transfer torque resonance in permalloy (Py) grown on monolayer MoS2. By passing rf current through the Py/MoS2 bilayer, field-like and damping-like torques are induced which excite the ferromagnetic resonance of Py. The signals are detected via a homodyne voltage from anisotropic magnetoresistance of Py. In comparison to other bilayer systems with strong spin-orbit torques, the monolayer MoS2 cannot provide bulk spin Hall effects and thus indicates the purely interfacial nature of the spin transfer torques. Therefore our results indicate the potential of two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenide for the use of interfacial spin-orbitronics applications.
ACROBOT - using robots and surgeons synergistically in knee surgery (2002)

A new robotic system is described that exploits the synergy between robot and surgeon in which a force controlled robot is used, guided from the end-effector by the surgeon. Robots have the potential to assist in orthopaedic surgery and improve the outcome of prosthetic implants. Robots have high positional accuracy, and so can achieve the geometrical precision necessary for implanting prostheses into the tibia and femur but poor tactile response, so are not good at assessing the forces required to apply to a cutter while resecting bone; while surgeons have a good tactile sense, and are able to sense changes in bone density, and adjust cutting forces to match. The robot exploits a software based motion constraint system to ensure that the surgeon cannot move a cutting device connected to the robot outside of a safe region, or resect more bone than is required. Thus, the surgeon retains his tactile sense of the bone, while the precision of the robot allows the bones to be cut accurately.
Concise and scalable asymmetric synthesis of 5-(1-amino-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazoles (2014)

This study describes asymmetric Mannich-type additions between C-5 lithiated thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazoles and enantiomerically pure (SS)-N-tert-butanesulfinyl-(3,3,3)-trifluoroacetaldimine. Under the optimized conditions, these reactions proceed with good (up to 78%) chemical yields and virtually complete (98 : 2 to >99 : 1 dr) diastereoselectivity. The same stereochemical outcome was obtained using 1.05 g scale of the starting (3,3,3)-trifluoroacetaldimine. The method developed in this work provides concise and generalized access to thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazoles containing a chiral (trifluoro)ethylamine group.
Data from Bortezomib-Mediated Inhibition of Steroid Receptor Coactivator-3 Degradation Leads to Activated Akt (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To assess the safety of administering bortezomib to patients undergoing a radical prostatectomy, to assess pathologic changes induced by bortezomib in prostate cancer specimen, and to verify alterations by the drug in proteasome protein targets.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor that has shown activity &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; in prostate cancer. We performed a neoadjuvant clinical trial of bortezomib in men with prostate cancer at high risk of recurrence. The primary endpoints were to evaluate safety and biological activity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Bortezomib is generally safe in the preoperative setting. Antitumor activity was manifested by tumor cytopathic effect, drops in serum prostate-specific antigen in some patients, and increases in tumor apoptosis. This was associated with cytoplasmic entrapment of nuclear factor-κB. We found an unexpected increase in proliferation in treated tissues and &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. Bortezomib also increased SRC-3 levels and phosphorylated Akt, both &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and in treated prostate cancer tissues. Knockdown of SRC-3 blocked the increase in activated Akt &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. Combined treatment with bortezomib and the Akt inhibitor perifosine was more effective than either agent alone &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; These data suggest that combined therapies targeting the proteasome and the Akt pathway may have increased efficacy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Strategies to target SARS-CoV-2 entry and infection using dual mechanisms of inhibition by acidification inhibitors (2021)

Many viruses utilize the host endo-lysosomal network for infection. Tracing the endocytic itinerary of SARS-CoV-2 can provide insights into viral trafficking and aid in designing new therapeutic strategies. Here, we demonstrate that the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is internalized via the pH-dependent CLIC/GEEC (CG) endocytic pathway in human gastric-adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells expressing undetectable levels of ACE2. Ectopic expression of ACE2 (AGS-ACE2) results in RBD traffic via both CG and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Endosomal acidification inhibitors like BafilomycinA1 and NH4Cl, which inhibit the CG pathway, reduce the uptake of RBD and impede Spike-pseudoviral infection in both AGS and AGS-ACE2 cells. The inhibition by BafilomycinA1 was found to be distinct from Chloroquine which neither affects RBD uptake nor alters endosomal pH, yet attenuates Spike-pseudovirus entry. By screening a subset of FDA-approved inhibitors for functionality similar to BafilomycinA1, we identified Niclosamide as a SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitor. Further validation using a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2 in AGS-ACE2 and Vero cells confirmed its antiviral effect. We propose that Niclosamide, and other drugs which neutralize endosomal pH as well as inhibit the endocytic uptake, could provide broader applicability in subverting infection of viruses entering host cells via a pH-dependent endocytic pathway.