gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simplified modelling of stiffened panels for simultaneous static and dynamic optimisation (2013)

L. Weiß, H. Köke & C. Hühne Institute of Composite Structures and Adaptive Systems, DLR German Aerospace Center, Braunschweig, GermanyABSTRACT: In this paper a novel simplified structural modelling approach for stiffened panels is presented. It specifically addresses structural response of aircraft fuselage components made from carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP). The proposed method considers structural modelling requirements necessary for structural optimisation with respect to system response under simultaneous static and dynamic loads. The present approach is verified through analyses of the detailed model. The results illustrate the benefits of model simplification. Replacing detailed shell model features by beam and non-linear spring elements significantly reduces computational effort. At the same time the accuracy deduction is acceptable considering topological optimisation requirements.
Can Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values Assist PI-RADS Version 2 DWI Scoring? A Correlation Study Using the PI-RADSv2 and International Society of Urological Pathology Systems (2018)

ADC and normalized ADC inversely correlate with PI-RADSv2 and ISUP categories and can serve as quantitative metrics to assist with assigning PI-RADSv2 DWI category 4 or 5.
Correction: Resveratrol Exerts Antiproliferative Activity and Induces Apoptosis in Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (2019)

In the original version of this article (1), Fig. 5B contains incorrect blots for betacatenin (whole-cell lysate) and nucleolin panels. These errors have been corrected with original data in the latest online HTML and PDF versions of the article. The authors regret these errors.
Nuclear localization of an o-glycosylated protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase from human cells (1991)

Histochemical staining of immunoprecipitates of p65, a component of human M phase-promoting factor, identified the molecule as having phosphatase activity. The enzyme, purified 3400-fold from mitotic cell extracts by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, DEAE chromatography, and immunoaffinity chromatography on immobilized anti-p65 IgG, was inhibited by Zn2- and Na3VO4 but not NaF or beta-glycerophosphate; 32P-labeled poly(Glu, Tyr) was more efficiently dephosphorylated than phosphorylated histone or phosphorylase a. Indirect immunofluorescence showed most of the phosphatase to be localized in the nucleus of interphase cells, with a fine, granular distribution unaltered by detergent extraction; in mitotic cells, p65 was localized on chromosomes. ELISA of subcellular fractions confirmed this localization. Immunoreactive p65 was recovered from immobilized wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) upon elution with N-acetylglucosamine; similarly, WGA recognized immunoaffinity-purified p65 on blots. Alkaline hydrolysis of blotted protein prevented WGA binding, indicating that phosphatase p65, like a small group of other nuclear proteins, contains O-linked carbohydrate terminating in N-acetylglucosamine.
Blood-induced superoxide anion generation on the cerebral cortex of newborn pigs (1989)

Pigs were equipped with closed cranial windows to measure superoxide anion generation in response to blood placed on the cerebral cortex. Superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction was measured in the presence of 1) artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 2) homologous nonheparinized blood (blood), and 3) blood after treatment with indomethacin. SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction was increased significantly in the blood group compared with control, whereas piglets pretreated with indomethacin had significantly less SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction. This suggests that superoxide anion is generated by extravascular blood and that this superoxide anion generation can be inhibited by indomethacin. To investigate the cellular origin of superoxide anion generation, SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction was measured during incubation with piglet whole blood or its components in vitro. The SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction of nonheparinized whole blood was 30 +/- 5.7 nmol.ml-1.20 min-1. This decreased to 2.5 +/- 1.3 nmol.ml-1.20 min-1 in the presence of indomethacin. SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction of ADP-stimulated platelet-rich plasma was 25.6 +/- 2.9 nmol.400 X 10(6) cells-1.20 min-1 and was decreased significantly (6.8 +/- 3.0 nmol.400 X 10(6) cells-1.20 min-1) in the presence of indomethacin. SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction by granulocytes was significant but unchanged by indomethacin. Similarly, SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction by lymphocytes and monocytes was unaffected by indomethacin. Reduction by the red cell fraction was small. These results suggest that substantial quantities of superoxide anion are generated via the platelet cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism.
Controlled Current Filaments in PNIPN Structures With Application to Magnetic Field Detection (1974)

Stable biasing of multiterminal PNIPN structures to support controlled current filaments is proposed. A filament forms when base layer spreading resistance is sufficiently high for lateral base voltage drops to shut off injection at all but a small interior portion of the structure. For elongated parallel stripe emitter-base configurations, application of a magnetic field normal to the current filament and stripe axes results in lateral displacement of the filament which is detectable through a change in the external circuit current flow pattern. This displacement can be significantly larger than that of a single-pass Hall deflection, yielding high sensitivity. Analysis of an ideal model confirms a substantial improvement in performance over that of conventional Hall devices, viz., a manyfold increase in the ratio of short circuit signal current to drive current, similar improvement in signal-to-offset ratio, and controllable high output impedance making large signal voltages available. Solutions for the ideal model are presented for carrier transport in the I region both without and with lateral diffusive spread. It is argued that departures of actual device behavior from this model are not apt to be important. Possible circuit connections and a sample calculation of parameter values for a realizable structure are also given.
Static testing of a conductively-cooled, high temperature superconducting rotor for a 1.4 MW electric machine in a thermal vacuum chamber (2023)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-4537.vid NASA’s high efficiency megawatt motor (HEMM) is a partially superconducting, 1.4 MW electric machine designed for electrified aircraft propulsion. HEMM’s high performance is enabled by a field winding composed of 2nd generation high temperature superconducting (HTS) coils that are designed to operate at temperatures below 62 K. The superconducting rotor is conductively cooled to cryogenic temperatures using a rotating cryocooler embedded inside the machine’s shaft. This paper presents a static test of the full-scale superconducting rotor in a thermal vacuum chamber. The experimental setup is described in detail. Thermal and electromagnetic 3D finite element analyses of the experimental setup are shown along with a comparison of the model results to model results for HEMM. The thermal response during cool down from room temperature is discussed. Electrical measurements are presented for operation at different dc current excitations up to the rated current of the rotor (57.2 A) and temperature limit of the HEMM design (62 K). The results suggest that minor damage to one superconducting coil occurred at 50 A and 61.2 K, causing increased resistance in the system, but that the system could still be stably operated at 57.2 A and 62 K when conductively cooled by a cryocooler.
Association of Elevated Pretransplant sCD30 Levels With Graft Loss in 206 Patients Treated With Modern Immunosuppressive Therapies After Renal Transplantation (2007)

Our study revealed a strong correlation between pretransplant sCD30 levels and the incidence of graft failure, but we could not confirm that the development of rejection episodes is correlated with pretransplant sCD30 values.
Co-Axial pulse tube for oxygen liquifaction (2012)

Industrial Research Ltd (IRL) previously developed a single-stage, inline, pulse tube for use with their metallic-diaphragm pressure wave generator (PWG), achieving 45 W of cooling power at 77 K, with 19.5 % of Carnot efficiency (based on the PV input power). This paper describes the conversion of the inline pulse tube to a co-axial configuration that provides a more accessible cold finger. Sage pulse tube simulation software was used to model the modified pulse tube and predicted 105 W of cooling power at 90 K, with an indicated input power of 1350 W. The pulse tube operated at 50 Hz, with a mean helium working pressure of 2.5 MPa and was closely coupled to a 60 ml swept volume PWG. The experimental results yielded more than 100 W @ 90 K with 2.5 MPa of gas pressure, with a lowest no load temperature of 39.7 K with 1.4 MPa of gas pressure. Details of the development, experimental results and correlations to the Sage model are discussed
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Pyrroloazepine Derivatives as Potent Antihypertensive Agents with Antiplatelet Aggregation Activity. (1999)

A series of 1-aminoalkyl-pyrrolo[2,3-c]azepin-8-one derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as alpha 1 adrenergic and serotonin 2 (5-HT2) receptor antagonists, with the aim of finding a novel antihypertensive agent potently exhibiting both activities. Some compounds with a 4-[4-(4-fluorobenzoyl)piperidino]butyl group at the 1-position exhibited both activities, and varied significantly in terms of the substituents at the 4-position of the pyrroloazepine ring. Among the compounds obtained in this study, (E)-1-[4-[4-(4-fluorobenzoyl)piperidino]-butyl]-4-hydroxyimino-7- methyl-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-c]azepin-8-one (15a, SUN9221) displayed potent alpha 1-adrenergic antagonistic activity (pA2 = 8.89 +/- 0.21) and 5-HT2 antagonistic activity (pA2 = 8.74 +/- 0.22) in isolated guinea pig arteries. This compound exhibited antihypertensive activity and a duration of action equivalent to orally administered prazosin or doxazosin, 3 mg/kg, in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats, as well as potent antiplatelet aggregation activity.
Method of optical coherence tomography with parallel depth-resolved signal reception and fibre-optic phase modulators (2013)

The method of optical coherence tomography with the scheme of parallel reception of the interference signal (P-OCT) is developed on the basis of spatial paralleling of the reference wave by means of a phase diffraction grating producing the appropriate time delay in the Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The absence of mechanical variation of the optical path difference in the interferometer essentially reduces the time required for 2D imaging of the object internal structure, as compared to the classical OCT that uses the time-domain method of the image construction, the sensitivity and the dynamic range being comparable in both approaches. For the resulting field of the interfering object and reference waves an analytical expression is derived that allows the calculation of the autocorrelation function in the plane of photodetectors. For the first time a method of linear phase modulation by 2π is proposed for P-OCT systems, which allows the use of compact high-frequency (a few hundred kHz) piezoelectric cell-based modulators. For the demonstration of the P-OCT method an experimental setup was created, using which the images of the inner structure of biological objects at the depth up to 1 mm with the axial spatial resolution of 12 μm were obtained. (optical coherence tomography)
Evolution of Proteins (2021)

The macromolecular partnership that has ruled the biological planet for over 4 billion years is based on the translation of mRNA to protein, which offers a template for the shared origin and interconnectedness of all living systems. Three-dimensional structures of ribosomes from throughout the tree of life show macromolecules from deep biological history and serve as a guide to biopolymer pre-biological evolution. Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and ribosomal Proteins (rProteins) are molecular fossils that date back to before the last universal common ancestor of life. rRNA recursively accreted and froze, growing in bulk over time, according to the previously established Accretion Model of ribosomal development. RNA folding, noncoded condensation of amino acids to create peptides, subunit association, correlated subunit evolution and decoding, and energy transduction were all gained progressively by the ribosome. In prokaryotes, rRNA growth is divided into six stages, with two extra eukaryotic phases. The most ancient rRNA is found in the first phase, whereas the most recent rRNA is found in the last phase. The expansion and development of the exit tunnel is a recurring motif in ribosome evolution Phases 1-6.
The emerging church (2006)

Ten years ago, the term ‘emerging church’ would have been unknown. Today it is impossible to go very far – certainly in the church culture of the UK, USA and Australasia – without encountering both...
The Crystal Structure of Wild-Type Growth Hormone at 2.5 a Resolution (1995)

Abstract: The three-dimensional structure of uncomplexed natural sequence recombinant human growth hormone has been determined to 2.5 A. resolution by means of X-ray crystallographic techniques. The structure was solved using molecular replacement with a model of a hGH variant. The crystallographic refinement of the structure gave a final R-factor of 21.3% for data in the range from 8 to 2.5 A.
A low cost modification of an old Leksell stereotactic frame to allow CT-guided stereotaxy (1990)

The high cost of commercial CT-compatible stereotactic frames has restricted the availability of CT-guided stereotaxy for many neurosurgical centres. However, many of these centres do possess the standard stereotactic frames for projection radiography, of which the old type Leksell frame is probably the most common. We have devised a simple and low-cost modification to an old Leksell frame to allow CT-guided stereotaxy. The nature of the modifications allow complete freedom of positioning of the frame relative to the CT scanner and coordinate transformations can be performed simply and effectively. The modified frame has been used successfully for some 18 months and the modification has now been performed at two centres in the North West Regional Health Authority. We hope this modification will allow many other centres to embark on CT-guided stereotaxy.
Rational Synthesis of Helically Coiled Carbon Nanowires and Nanotubes through the Use of Tin and Indium Catalysts (2007)

The synthesis of helically coiled nanotubes and nanowires through the use of In and Sn catalysts, respectively, in a floating-catalyst-based CVD process, is demonstrated. The figure is a scanning electron microscopy image of helically coiled carbon nanowires prepared from a thermal decomposition of xylene and acetylene in the presence of Fe–Sn catalyst particles. The bright spot at the tip of each nanowire represents the catalyst particle.
In Situ Growth of Cu/CuO/Cu2O Nanocrystals within Hybrid Nanofibers for Adsorptive Arsenic Removal (2022)

Nanomaterials such as copper nanoparticles have attracted significant attention because of their interesting size- and shape-dependent properties. However, their increased instability remains a challenge. This study therefore focuses on the growth of copper/copper oxide nanocrystals within nanofiber scaffolds, achieved by thermal reduction of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers cross-linked with copper(II) acetate. A reduction temperature of up to 800 °C in 15% H2 balanced in N2 was found to lead to the formation of copper-based nanofibers (CuNFs) of sub-250-nm diameter that presented a core–sheath morphology, resulting from copper efflorescence. Enrobing a hydrolysis-resistant polymer core, the sheath layer was found to be composed of a discrete distribution of polymer-embedded crystalline nanospheres with diameters below 20 nm and of round crystallites of up to 65 nm protruding at the surface of CuNFs. With a significant proportion in copper intermediary states, this heterogeneous material is promising for various applications benefiting from the surface reactivity and versatile efficiency from the simultaneous presence of a transition metal and transition-metal oxide. For instance, with a material dose of 0.20 g·L–1 and an initial arsenic(V) concentration of 120 mg·L–1, CuNFs yielded up to 96.5% arsenic(V) removal. This route for the manufacture of copper hybrid nanofibers can be adapted to other transition metals and blends.
Metallic Conductivity near the Metal-Insulator Transition (1981)

Received 5 February 1981DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.46.1435©1981 American Physical Society
Isonitrile Syntheses (1965)

Abstract In spite of the large number of reactions which involve the formation of isonitriles, the only preparative routes to these compounds, until recently, were the classical isonitrile syntheses discovered about one hundred years ago by Gautier and Hofmann. These methods are not generally applicable, and give satisfactory yields only in exceptional cases. Isonitriles have recently become readily available by the elimination of water from N‐substituted formamides, using acyl halides of Group IV–;VI elements in the presence of bases as dehydrating agents. A dehydrating system with a particularly wide range of application consists of phosgene with tertiary amines. This system generally provides the easiest and most productive route to isonitriles, particularly where large quantities (&gt; 1 mole) are to be prepared.
Restricted structure control loop performance assessment for state-space systems (2002)

A novel H/sub 2/ optimal control performance assessment and benchmarking problem is considered for discrete-time state-space multivariable systems, where the structure of the controller is assumed to be fixed a priori. The controller structure may be specified to be of reduced order, lead/lag, or PID forms. The theoretical problem considered is to represent the state-space model in a discrete polynomial matrix form and then to obtain the causal, stabilising controller of a prespecified form, that minimises an H/sub 2/ criterion. This then provides the performance measure against which other controllers can be judged. The underlying practical problem of importance is to obtain a simple method of performance assessment and benchmarking low order controllers. The main theoretical step is to derive a simpler cost-minimization problem whose solution can provide both the full order and restricted structure optimal benchmark cost values. This problem involves the introduction of spectral factor and diophantine equations and is solved via a Wiener type of cost-function expansion and simplification. The numerical solution of this problem is straightforward and involves approximating the simplified integral criterion by a fixed number of frequency points. The main benchmarking theorem applies to multivariable systems that may be unstable, non-minimum phase and non-square.
Editorial: Advances in plant proteomics (2022)

Numerous advances in protein mass spectrometry have been applied to plant systems over the past few decades The intention of this Research Topic was to highlight some of these approaches in plants at a suitable level of detail to enable easy adoption by researchers.
2855 – Evaluating the Headucate Educational Intervention to Raise Mental Health Awareness Among School Children in the Uk (2013)

Introduction: The symptoms of many mental illnesses often begin during high school. Interventions to improve mental health awareness amongst adolescents may lead to improved outcomes. in the UK unfortunately many schools do not fulfil this need and mental health education is not a compulsory part of the curriculum. Aim: To develop and measure the effectiveness of and educational intervention designed to raise awareness and empower adolescents to recognise signs of poor mental health and access services appropriately. Objectives: Evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention through baseline and follow up surveys. Methods: Students at Norwich Medical School collaborated with teachers, psychiatrists and general practitioners to design an educational intervention that aims to tackle stigma and raise awareness of mental health conditions among 13-14 year olds in the hope that they can access services when needed, support those around them and look after their mental health. To evaluate effectiveness of the intervention, a knowledge, attitudes and practices survey that utilises a social distance scale that has been adapted for this age group and will be used to gather baseline and follow up data after six months. Results: We have developed a one-hour educational intervention delivered by medical students, that uses a variety of teaching techniques to raise awareness of mental health issues. We will start implementation in January 2013 so will have baseline effectiveness results shortly after. Conclusions: Headucate has the potential to fill an important gap in effectively raising awareness of mental health issues in schools.
Un esempio di Romània incerta: I Valacchi nella versione castigliana del Kalīla wa Dimna (secc. XIII-XV), tra omonimia e antonomasia. (2018)

Il contributo individua il concetto-chiave di “Romània incerta” come strumento per classificare le attestazioni più controverse dell’etnonimo “Valacco” e del corrispondente toponimo “Valacchia”, sotto i quali si presume che le fonti medievali abbiano conservato memoria della latinità orientale. Rientrano, nei confini di questo spazio metaforico, tutte le attestazioni più antiche ma anche quelle che la scarsa e indiretta cognizione delle terre balcaniche e carpato-danubiane nell’Occidente medievale ha reso appunto incerte, ossia difficilmente riconoscibili. Vengono prese ad esempio le tradizioni iberiche medievali, quindi le attestazioni di Valacchi e Valacchie nelle fonti castigliane, aragonesi e catalane ma anche in quelle francesi che evidenziano rapporti significativi con lo spazio iberico (particolare rilievo è dato alla Spagna come spazio di Crociata, al fenomeno dei “Valacchi iberici” e dei “Baschi balcanici”). Centrali sono le possibili (“incerte”) Valacchie attestate nella versione castigliana del Kalīla wa Dimna, che potrebbero essere il risultato di una sovrapposizione operata da copisti tardi tra toponimi poco o nulla conosciuti (Balkh e Balaque[a]). Tra gli obiettivi primari del contributo, vi sono quello di portare all’attenzione nuove possibili attestazioni del nomen barbaricum della latinità orientale, in quanto latinità spesso occultata, e quello individuare nell’“incertezza” di molte attestazioni un tratto specifico di quella latinità, stante le oggettive difficoltà di precisarlo e di separarlo da altri tratti non secondari, quali la promiscuità etnica e linguistica (la coabitazione, cioè, dell’elemento latino con quelli non latini all’interno delle comunità valacche).
ChemInform Abstract: Glycosyl Imidates. Part 55. Synthesis of the Pentasaccharide Moiety of an Asterosaponin (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.