gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generation of dynamic humanoid behaviors through task-space control with conic optimization (2013)

This paper presents a new formulation of prioritized task-space control for humanoids that is used to develop a dynamic kick and dynamic jump in a 26 degree of freedom simulated system. The demonstrated motions are controlled through a real-time conic optimization scheme that selects appropriate joint torques and contact forces. More specifically, motions are characterized in appropriate task spaces, and the real-time optimizer solves the task-space control problem while accounting for user-defined priorities between the tasks. In contrast to previous solutions of the Prioritized Task-Space Control (PTSC) problem for humanoids, the solution presented here satisfies the ZMP constraint and ground friction limitations at all levels of priority, and is general to periods of flight as well as support. All generated motions include control of the system's centroidal angular momentum, which leads to emergent whole-body behaviors, such as arm-swing, that are not specified by the designer. In addition, compared to a previous quadratic programming solution of the PTSC problem, our approach gains a factor of 2 speedup in its required computational time. This speedup allows the control approach to operate at real-time rates of approximately 200 Hz.
A Safeguard against ATM Fraud (2016)

Electronic transaction security is becoming more and more important in all aspects of Automated Teller Machine (ATM). As the number of persons using an ATM, are becoming more desirable targets for attacks. These attacks could be counted as a security risk in the form of card cloning or PIN release, etc. It has been observed that the secure electronic transaction has become a top priority to avoid ATM fraud. In this research article, the tools and techniques of ATM fraud are contemplated. A secure layer electronic transaction mechanism of ATM is developed to prevent ATM frauds. Through this mechanism a cardholder identification, authentication, authorization and security clearances are boosted. Against shoulder suffering (a fraud technique) two technical security tools are proposed to enhance ATM transaction security.
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Matrix Proteins Specify Different Capabilities To Modulate B Cell Growth (2014)

The HIV-1 matrix protein p17 (p17) deregulates the biological activities of different cells after binding to the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. The p17 functional domain responsible for receptors interaction includes an amino acid which is considered the major determinant of SIV replication in humans. Therefore, we sought to determine whether SIV matrix protein (SIV MA) already had the ability to bind to both chemokine receptors rather than being a function newly acquired during host adaptation. We show here that SIV MA binds to CXCR1 and CXCR2 and fully mimics the p17 proangiogenic and chemokine activity. However, it differs from p17 in its ability to signal into B cells and promote B cell growth and clonogenicity. Computational analysis suggests that the accumulation of mutations in the C-terminal region may have led to a further SIV MA adaptation to the human host. This finding in turn sheds light on the evolutionary trajectory of HIV-1.
O2‐03‐03: BIN1 AND CR1 VARIANTS AFFECT COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE, NEURODEGENERATION, AND BRAIN AMYLOIDOSIS IN ADNI SUBJECTS (2014)

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many risk genes for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The precise mechanism through which many of these genes exert their effect on AD remains unknown. We downloaded the top 10 AD gene single nucleotide polymorphism, baseline clinical and MR volumetric data (hippocampal, ventricular, fusiform and entorhinal volumes) of 33 ADNI-2/GO cognitively normal and 126 mild cognitive impairment subjects. The corresponding AV45 images were downloaded and processed with the FDA-approved AmyQ software. For each individual AmyQ derived the mean SUVR in 47 sVOIs with whole brain as a reference, and 1 SUVR combining multiple regions optimized for quantifying florbetapir retention with whole cerebellum as a reference. We employed ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons to investigate the effect of minor allele dosage on cognitive and functional performance, neurodegeneration and brain amyloidosis. CR1 rs6691117 and BIN1 rs749008 had significant effects on multiple measures. The minor allele of CR1 rs6691117 showed significant association with functional decline at 6, 12 and 24 months as measured with the Functional Activity Questionnaire (FAQ). The minor allele of CR1 rs6691117 also associated with lower entorhinal and fusiform volumes as well as with greater brain amyloidosis in the lateral temporal, parietal and occipital association cortices at baseline. The minor allele of BIN1 showed a negative association with ventricular size and amyloid load in the frontal association, sensorimotor, posterior cingulate, medial temporal cortices, the pons, the midbrain and the lentiform nuclei. Both CR1 rs6691117 and BIN1 rs749008 demonstrate significant associations with brain amyloidosis and neurodegeneration providing further support for the relevance of these two genes to AD pathophysiology. The minor allele of CR1 rs6691117 appears to have a disease-promoting effect while the minor allele of BIN1 rs749008 seems to convey a disease-protective effect. The associations differed significantly in terms of localization in the brain.
Thermal Conductivity of CaF2, MnF2, CoF2, and ZnF2Crystals (1961)

The thermal conductivity of single crystals of Ca${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$, Mn${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$, Co${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$, and Zn${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ has been measured over the temperature range from 3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K to 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. In this series, Ca${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ and Zn${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ are diamagnetic, whereas Mn${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ and Co${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ are antiferromagnetic. All four crystals have nearly equal thermal conductivities at room temperature, but differ at lower temperatures. Ca${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$, which is nearly isotopically pure, exhibits an exponential rise in conductivity with decreasing temperature characteristic of umklapp processes. Zn${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ shows only traces of such umklapp behavior because its conductivity is limited by isotope and impurity scattering. Small cusps are observed in the conductivities of Mn${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ and Co${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ at their N\'eel temperatures of 67\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 38\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, respectively, which indicate the presence of phonon-magnon scattering. Some experimental details concerning thermal conductivity measurements and the behavior of gold-cobalt thermocouples are also given.
Determination of saltwater concentration based on optical and electrical dual-differential methods (2004)

Salinity measurement with a reflex optical and electrical dual-differential sensor is experimentally developed. The sensor exploits the beam deviation due to optical refraction at the receiving endface of the measurement cell, which is caused by changes in the refractive index with different concentrations of saltwater. With the help of a right-angle reflecting prism and in the presence of a referenced distilled water cell with an inclined optical window, optical differential measurement of incident beam deviations is implemented, and the deviation caused by changes in salinity are detected by a position-sensitive detector (PSD) with an electrical differential signal processing technique. Experimental setup and measurement principles are discussed. Salinity measurements based on this method avoid the influences by light power fluctuation of the incident light and temperature drift. Experimental results indicate that the estimated salinity measurement resolution can reach 0.012%.
Efficient Magnetic Gradient Field Generation With Arbitrary Axial Displacement for Magnetic Particle Imaging (2012)

The magnetic particle imaging method applies a magnetic gradient field featuring a field-free point (FFP) to determine the spatial distribution of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Such a field is generated by two opposing electromagnetic coils, carrying currents in opposite directions. To achieve a large field of view, the FFP needs to be shifted in space. This can be realized by superimposing currents flowing in the same direction in both coils. For large displacements, the power loss increases drastically. In this letter, a new coil geometry is proposed, which is considerably more efficient for generating an FFP at off-center positions. It consists of four coils in which the currents are optimized to generate the required field at minimal power loss.
Targeting the Kinase Activity of the BCR-ABL Fusion Protein in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (2005)

Imatinib mesylate is a major advance in the therapy of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Imatinib mesylate binds to the inactive conformation of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase suppressing the Philadelphia chromosome positive clone in CML. Clinical studies have yielded impressive results in all phases of CML. With higher rates of complete cytogenetic response with imatinib, molecular monitoring of disease is now advisable in assessing response and determining prognosis. Emergence of resistance to imatinib may be manifest at the hematologic, cytogenetic, or molecular levels in patients who remain in chronic phase, or may be evidenced by the development of more advanced CML phases. Resistance and eventual clinical failure of imatinib occurs in most patients with blastic phase disease. Resistance may occur at the level of Bcr-Abl, with reduction or loss of imatinib effectiveness as a kinase inhibitor, or, despite retention of its inhibitory ability, with changes in the ability to deliver an effective dose at the cellular level, and/or, the leukemia becoming less dependent on Bcr-Abl. The various mechanisms underlying these differing, non-mutually exclusive, mechanisms of resistance must be understood to develop corresponding therapeutic remedies. We review the current data on imatinib in CML, the criteria for diagnosis of imatinib resistance, and the mechanisms that underlie such resistance in CML.
The application study of the DIFAIR-M code to metal fuel performance evaluation for KALIMER (1996)

Key phenomena of the high-burn performance characteristics of the metal fuel rod in liquid metal reactors are fuel swelling and rod internal gas pressure buildup, resulting from fission gas accumulation and release. This paper will attempt to apply DIFAIR code into metal fuel performance analysis under steady-state conditions for KALIMER (Korea Advanced LIquid MEtal Reactor). From the experimental evidence, it shows that rod internal gas pressure buildup in irradiated U-Zr and U-Pu-Zr fuels were shown to be strongly dependent on temperature, fission gas release and swelling, and burnup. The quantitative amounts of swelling and fission gas release are estimated by considering temperature, fission rate, solid fission product build-up and gas bubble behavior. The DIFAIR code was developed primarily as the fuel behavior code for design studies and the performance for thermal reactor fuel. In order to apply DIFAIR code into metal fuel performance evaluation for KALIMER, some sub-models and physical parameters were substituted for the existing models to meet the characteristics for metal fuel of LMR. The results from modified DIFAIR-M code were compared with irradiation data. Present application study represents an attempt to develop the capability of efficiently predicting the performance parameters according to burnup increase.
Disintegration ofIr192andIr194 (1954)

The energies and intensities of 20 gamma rays of ${\mathrm{Ir}}^{192}$ and 16 gamma rays of ${\mathrm{Ir}}^{194}$ have been measured by studying their external conversion spectra with a high resolution beta-ray spectrometer. A Fermi analysis of the beta spectrum of ${\mathrm{Ir}}^{194}$ reveals four components with the following end-points and intensities: 2236 kev (70 percent), 1905 kev (16 percent), 975 kev (9 percent) and 430 kev (2.8 percent). The observed beta and gamma radiations are consistently accounted for in terms of transitions to the following levels of ${\mathrm{Pt}}^{194}$: 0.0, 328.1, 621, 1265, 1477, 1665, 1794, 1802, 1836, 1946, and 2048 kev. The ${\mathrm{Ir}}^{194}$-${\mathrm{Pt}}^{194}$ energy difference is 2236\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}10 kev. The ${\mathrm{Ir}}^{192}$ gamma-ray energies are classified in terms of levels at 0.0, 283, 485, 690, and 1064 kev in ${\mathrm{Os}}^{192}$ and 0.0, 316, 612, 784, 921, 1155, 1201, and 1359 kev in ${\mathrm{Pt}}^{192}$. The results for ${\mathrm{Ir}}^{192}$ serve chiefly as confirmation of earlier investigations.
Cytotoxic Arylnaphthalene Lignans from Phyllanthus oligospermus (2006)

Three new arylnaphthalene lignans, namely phyllanthusmins A-C, together with nine known compounds were isolated and characterized from the stems and roots of Phyllanthus oligospermus by a bioassay-guided purification. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by means of spectroscopic data interpretation. Among them, phyllanthusminA displayed significant cytotoxicity against KB and P-388 cancer cell lines.
Large-Scale Annotation of Histopathology Images from Social Media (2018)

Large-scale annotated image datasets like ImageNet and CIFAR-10 have been essential in developing and testing sophisticated new machine learning algorithms for natural vision tasks. Such datasets allow the development of neural networks to make visual discriminations that are done by humans in everyday activities, e.g. discriminating classes of vehicles. An emerging field -- computational pathology -- applies such machine learning algorithms to the highly specialized vision task of diagnosing cancer or other diseases from pathology images. Importantly, labeling pathology images requires pathologists who have had decades of training, but due to the demands on pathologists9 time (e.g. clinical service) obtaining a large annotated dataset of pathology images for supervised learning is difficult. To facilitate advances in computational pathology, on a scale similar to advances obtained in natural vision tasks using ImageNet, we leverage the power of social media. Pathologists worldwide share annotated pathology images on Twitter, which together provide thousands of diverse pathology images spanning many sub-disciplines. From Twitter, we assembled a dataset of 2,746 images from 1,576 tweets from 13 pathologists from 8 countries; each message includes both images and text commentary. To demonstrate the utility of these data for computational pathology, we apply machine learning to our new dataset to test whether we can accurately identify different stains and discriminate between different tissues. Using a Random Forest, we report (i) 0.959 +- 0.013 Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic [AUROC] when identifying single-panel human hematoxylin and eosin [H&E] stained slides that are not overdrawn and (ii) 0.996 +- 0.004 AUROC when distinguishing H&E from immunohistochemistry [IHC] stained microscopy images. Moreover, we distinguish all pairs of breast, dermatological, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and gynecological [gyn] pathology tissue types, with mean AUROC for any pairwise comparison ranging from 0.771 to 0.879. This range is 0.815 to 0.879 if gyn is excluded. We report 0.815 +- 0.054 AUROC when all five tissue types are considered in a single multiclass classification task. Our goal is to make this large-scale annotated dataset publicly available for researchers worldwide to develop, test, and compare their machine learning methods, an important step to advancing the field of computational pathology.
A Prophet in Two Countries, The Life of F. E. Simon (1967)

First Page
The JUMP2Excel Initiative: Joint Universal Activities for Mediterranean PV Integration Excellence (2019)

JUMP2Excel is the abbreviation for Joint Universal Activities for Mediterranean PV<br> Integration Excellence. This paper will present the recently started three-year research and work<br> plan of JUMP2Excel project a TWINNING H2020 project. The aim is to steadily set in the PV<br> research, its related technology and electricity integration. This aim will be achieved through a<br> programme of actions coordinated by MCAST Energy together with a group of top world<br> leading research centres, The National Renewable Energy Centre in Spain (CENER) and The<br> French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) in France together with<br> one of the best research intensive universities The University of Manchester (UNIMAN) in<br> United Kingdom, providing access to extensive network and contacts in the field. This project<br> focuses in upgrading the scientific, engineering and research performance and innovation<br> capacity in Malta and within the region in the field of Photovoltaics emerging research, related<br> integration technologies and electricity markets by embedding the MCAST Energy activities in<br> a network of excellence, which will provide access to the latest know-how and facilities, train<br> MCAST and Malta scientific and technical personnel, and link it with the European Industry<br> and going global.
DISPOSAL OF SWEET CHERRY PROCESSING BRINES (1977)

ABSTRACT Alternative procedures for the disposal of waste calcium bisulfite cherry processing brine were investigated. SO 2 concentrations in waste brine can be reduced to several hundred ppm by neutralization with lime and filtration or sedimentation to separate precipitated CaSO 3 . Lower SO 2 concentrations can be achieved by oxidation with H 2 O 2 . Anaerobic storage of sludge and supernatant from neutralized brine may produce objectionable odors. Brine to be disposed in deep wells should be pretreated by neutralization and sedimentation. Substitution of Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 · H 2 O for CaCl 2 in brine formulations to eliminate chloride from processing waste was not feasible.
Sulfur bacteria in wastewater stabilization ponds periodically affected by the ‘red-water’ phenomenon (2012)

Several wastewater stabilization ponds (WSP) in Tunisia suffer periodically from the 'red-water' phenomenon due to blooming of purple sulfur bacteria, indicating that sulfur cycle is one of the main element cycles in these ponds. In this study, we investigated the microbial diversity of the El Menzeh WSP and focused in particular on the different functional groups of sulfur bacteria. For this purpose, we used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified fragments of the 16S rRNA gene and of different functional genes involved in microbial sulfur metabolism (dsrB, aprA, and pufM). Analyses of the 16S rRNA revealed a relatively high microbial diversity where Proteobacteria, Chlorobi, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria constitute the major bacterial groups. The dsrB and aprA gene analysis revealed the presence of deltaproteobacterial sulfate-reducing bacteria (i.e., Desulfobacter and Desulfobulbus), while the analysis of 16S rRNA, aprA, and pufM genes assigned the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria community to the photosynthetic representatives belonging to the Chlorobi (green sulfur bacteria) and the Proteobacteria (purple sulfur and non sulfur bacteria) phyla. These results point on the diversity of the metabolic processes within this wastewater plant and/or the availability of sulfate and diverse electron donors.
Radiofrequency ablation for Barrett’s oesophagus related neoplasia with the 360 Express catheter: initial experience from the United Kingdom and Ireland—preliminary results (2021)

The RFA 360 Express catheter shows reduction in length of baseline BE at 3 months after index treatment, and eradication of intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia at 12 months similar to other studies with earlier devices. It appears that the symptomatic stricture rate is slightly higher than previous series with the HALO 360 catheter. This study was performed as part of the HALO registry and has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee - MREC Number 08/H0714/27 Local project reference 08/0104 Project ID 15,033 IRAS Number 54678 EudraCT 2009-015980-1. Registered on ISRCTN as below: ISRCTN93069556. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN93069556.
Thinking About Equations (2009)

Preface. Acknowledgments. List of Worked-Out Example Problems. 1 Equations Representing Physical Quantities. 1.1 Systems of Units. 1.2 Conversion of Units. 1.3 Dimensional Checks and the Use of Symbolic Parameters. 1.4 Arguments of Transcendental Functions. 1.5 Dimensional Checks to Generalize Equations. 1.6 Other Types of Units. 1.7 Simplifying Intermediate Calculations. Exercises. 2 A Few Pitfalls and a Few Useful Tricks. 2.1 A Few Instructive Pitfalls. 2.2 A Few Useful Tricks. 2.3 A Few Advanced Tricks. Exercises. 3 Limiting and Special Cases. 3.1 Special Cases to Simplify and Check Algebra. 3.2 Special Cases and Heuristic Arguments. 3.3 Limiting Cases of a Differential Equation. 3.4 Transition Points. Exercises. 4 Diagrams, Graphs, and Symmetry. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Diagrams for Equations. 4.3 Graphical Solutions. 4.4 Symmetry to Simplify Equations. Exercises. 5 Estimation and Approximation. 5.1 Powers of Two for Estimation. 5.2 Fermi Questions. 5.3 Estimates Based on Simple Physics. 5.4 Approximating Definite Integrals. 5.5 Perturbation Analysis. 5.6 Isolating Important Variables. Exercises. 6 Introduction to Dimensional Analysis and Scaling. 6.1 Dimensional Analysis: An Introduction. 6.2 Dimensional Analysis: A Systematic Approach. 6.3 Introduction to Scaling. Exercises. 7 Generalizing Equations. 7.1 Binomial Expressions. 7.2 Motivating a General Expression. 7.3 Recurring Themes. 7.4 General yet Simple: Euler's Identity. 7.5 When to Try to Generalize. Exercises. 8 Several Instructive Examples. 8.1 Choice of Coordinate System. 8.2 Solution Has Unexpected Properties. 8.3 Solutions in Search of Problems. 8.4 Learning from Remarkable Results. Exercises. Index.
Flatfield Ultrafast Imaging with Single-Shot Non-Synchronous Array Photography (2022)

A diffractive optical element, custom echelon, and microlens array are used to achieve ultrafast imaging of at upwards of 4.2 trillion frames per second. We term this new technique Single-Shot Non-Synchronous Array Photography (SNAP).
Towards a rational approach in the finding of potent peptide ligands for Grb2 SH2 (2005)

Intracellular signalling pathways that couple growth factor activation with cell control offer new target sites for pharmacological intervention in tumor therapy. This is the case for the growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2), which links growth factor activated receptor tyrosine kinases to Sos, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that upon receptor binding and translocation of the Grb2-Sos complex to the plasma membrane converts the inactive Ras·GDP to active Ras·GTP. Activated Ras triggers the MAP kinase cascade that is essential for cell growth and differentiation. The interaction between the activated tyrosine kinase receptor and Grb2 is mediated by the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of the signaling protein. Agents that specifically disrupt this protein-protein interaction could potentially shut down the Ras pathway and present an intervention point for blocking human malignancy. Starting with the recognition motif of the SH2 domain of Grb2, we have initiated a medicinal chemistry program to identify agents that specifically disrupt the interaction between the activated EGF receptor and the SH2 domain of Grb2. In this communication, we report our initial efforts.
Tierbissverletzungen durch heimische und wilde Tiere – eine retrospektive Analyse und Erstellung eines prognostischen Scores (2020)

The prognostic value of the established rating score was verified. In addition, the study demonstrated that animal species are an important factor influencing treatment. Being effective against most of the identified microorganisms, Sultamicillin should be used as first-line antibiotic treatment.