gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determining the Best Way to Model Distribution Flushing (2008)

Modeling of distribution system flushing consists of adding demands to the model to simulate the open hydrants and observing the response of the system. However, the details of setting up flushing events bring up a number of issues that will be addressed in this paper. Most models do not explicitly include hydrants and their laterals in the model but simulate flushing as occurring at junction nodes near the hydrants. The paper shows that most of the head loss during flushing occurs in the hydrant itself, primarily as a conversion of pressure head to velocity head. As such, the error involved in simulating flushing at a junction node rather than at the location of the hydrant or hydrant tap is small. This paper discusses modeling practice in planning flushing operation. Conventional flushing (i.e. with no valve operation) is shown to do an adequate job in flushing a system in most cases and modeling can help engineers to identify situation where unidirectional flushing can yield significant improvement or flushing by operating hydrants alone will not be successful.
Introduction (2007)

In any research project, there is a hierarchy of objectives, the first and foremost of which relates to the purpose of the research in terms of expanding knowledge about a social phenomenon. Then the research methodology is the instrument through which the research objective is fulfilled. The objective of the research methodology, whatever the objective of the research, is to achieve high quality information, that is data, which are free from bias in relation to the social phenomenon under investigation (Wass and Wells, 1993, p. 91).
Lysinibacillus sphaericus III(3)7 and Plasmid Vector pMK4: New Challenges in Cloning Platforms (2021)

The acquisition and especially the maintenance of a plasmid usually brings a fitness cost that reduces the reproductive rate of the bacterial host; for strains like Lysinibacillus sphaericus III(3)7, which possesses important environmental properties, this alteration along with morphological changes and reduced sporulation rates may exert a negative effect on metabolic studies using plasmids as cloning platforms. The aim of this study is to approach the metabolic behavior of pMK4-bearing cells of L. sphaericus III(3)7 through the use of bioinformatic and in vitro analyses. An incompatibility model between the pMK4 vector and a predicted megaplasmid, pBsph, inside III(3)7 cells was constructed based on an incA region. Additionally, in vitro long-term plasmid stability was not found in plasmid-bearing cells. Alignments between replicons, mobile genetic elements and RNA-RNA interactions were assessed, pairwise alignment visualization, graphic models and morphological changes were evaluated by SEM. Metabolite analysis was done through HPLC coupled to a Q-TOF 6545, and electrospray ionization was used, finally, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae were used for larvicidal activity assessment. Results found, a decreased growth rate, spore formation reduction and morphological changes, which supported the idea of metabolic cost exerted by pMK4. An incompatibility between pMK4 and pBsph appears to take place inside L. sphaericus III(3)7 cells, however, further in vitro studies are needed to confirm it.
品读意象，探究文本——以《就是那一只蟋蟀》为例谈新诗意象教学 (2014)

台湾诗人余光中听到蟋蟀的叫声，生发出对故乡的无限思念：“就是童年逃逸的那只吗？一去四十年又回头来叫我？”（《蟋蟀吟》）大陆诗人流沙河听到了，写下脍炙人口的诗歌——《就是那一只蟋蟀》。这是一篇意象众多、内蕴深刻的现代新诗佳作，众多意象与诗人自由奔放的天性、潇洒飘逸的风格、浓郁深厚的文化底蕴融会成了别具一格的诗歌意境之美，同时也给学生的阅读理解带来一定的难度，给教师的教学带来一定的挑战。
Efficient stream compaction on wide SIMD many-core architectures (2009)

Stream compaction is a common parallel primitive used to remove unwanted elements in sparse data. This allows highly parallel algorithms to maintain performance over several processing steps and reduces overall memory usage. For wide SIMD many-core architectures, we present a novel stream compaction algorithm and explore several variations thereof. Our algorithm is designed to maximize concurrent execution, with minimal use of synchronization. Bandwidth and auxiliary storage requirements are reduced significantly, which allows for substantially better performance. We have tested our algorithms using CUDA on a PC with an NVIDIA GeForce GTX280 GPU. On this hardware, our reference implementation provides a 3x speedup over previous published algorithms.
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) production for different doses of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) during mechanical ventilation with different tidal volumes using two prototypes for the administration of NO (1997)

Background and objectives: The optimal mode of treatment in spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) is controversial. We assessed the value of hematoma evacuation in SICH in a case-control study. Methods: One hundred and forty-five patients with SICH without tumor or vascular abnormalities. Indication for surgery were made upon admission in 11 and after clinical deterioration in 13 patients. Assessed were age, sex. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), pupillary reaction on admission, localisation, etiology and hematoma volume, presence of ventricular blood, and Glasgow Outcome Scale on discharge. From further analysis patients > 80 years or with hematoma volume < 10 ml were excluded. Statistical analysis included: (i) a multiple regression model to determine prognostic factors; (ii) comparison between medical and surgical patients; (iii) matching the 24 evacuated with 24 medical patients according to those parameters retained from the regression model and additionally to other suspected factors influencing outcome; (iv) comparison between both groups to confirm comparability; and (v) testing for different outcome between the groups. Results: Prognostic factors were GCS, hematoma volume and location. All 24 evacuated patients could be matched to a medically treated patient regarding age, hematoma volume and location. GCS and pupillary reaction. Differences between both groups could not be detected. Outcome was not different between the medical and surgical group. Conclusions: Hematoma evacuation does not improve outcome in supratentorial spontaneous hemorrhages. Since mainly deteriorating patients were evacuated, the only effect of hematoma evacuation may be to stop deterioration rather than to improve overall outcome.
Sorghum biomass: a novel renewable carbon source for industrial bioproducts (2014)

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) biomass is considered as one of the potential renewable sources of energy for economic development and environmental sustainability, owing to its wide adaptability, C4 photosynthetic pathway, and high nitrogen and water use efficiency. This plant could be effectively utilized as a source of food (grains), fodder (stem) and also as feedstock (lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose) for production of industrial solvents including biofuels. Genetic manipulation of sorghum has resulted in development of improved cultivars of sweet, high-biomass and low lignin sorghums (bmr) and so on. with increased productivity, palatability, along with reduced recalcitrance and enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses, which can meet the diverse needs of population. This Review elaborates on recent developments in sorghum research towards conversion of cellulose and hemicellulosic components of sorghum biomass to biofuel and value added biochemicals by developing affordable processes at different sectorial levels.
Bioinspired Adhesive Hydrogel Driven by Adenine and Thymine (2017)

Bioinspired strategies have drawn much attention for designing intelligent hydrogels with promising performance. Herein, we present a bioinspired adhesive hydrogel driven by adenine and thymine, which are the basic units of DNA. The adhesive hydrogel exhibited promising adhesive property for the surface of various solid materials, including muscle tissues, plastics, rubbers, glasses, metals, ceramics, carnelians, and woods. The maximum peeling strength of hydrogels was 330 N m<sup>-1</sup> on aluminum, superior to that of PAAm hydrogels with 70 N m<sup>-1</sup>. The strong adhesive behavior remained more than 30 times repeated peeling tests. Moreover, the swelling behavior, morphological structure, mechanical strength, and peeling adhesive strength were also investigated and confirmed the formation and various characteristics of adhesive hydrogels driven by adenine and thymine. Thus, the biomimetic strategy to design promising adhesive hydrogels can provide various opportunities in tissue engineering, such as wound dressing, bioglues, and tissue adhesives.
ANALYSIS OF VEGETATION AND FLORAL DIVERSITY OF NIMAR REGION, MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA (2014)

The Nimar region is situated in southern western part of Madhya Pradesh and covering four districts namely West Nimar (Khargone), Barwani, East Nimar (Khandwa) and Burhanpur. Northern part of Nimar region is covered with Vindhyan scabs and Southern part with Satpura hill ranges. Present study records a total of 1039 plants species which are distributed in 595 genera and 124 families. Different life forms diversity is Herbs (704), Shrubs (122), Trees (139), and Climbers (74) and represented 67 % of herbaceous elements of total flora. Therophytic vegetation is dominant.
Locality-preserving hashing in multidimensional spaces (1997)

We consider localitg-preserving hashing — in which adjacent points in the domain are mapped to adjacent or nearlyadjacent points in the range — when the domain is a ddimensional cube. This problem has applications to highdimensional search and multimedia indexing. We show that simple and natural classes of hash functions are provably good for this problem. We complement this with lower bounds suggesting that our results are essentially the best possible.
Optimal clock skew scheduling tolerant to process variations (1996)

A methodology is presented in this paper for determining an optimal set of clock path delays for designing high performance VLSI/ULSI-based clock distribution networks. This methodology emphasizes the use of non-zero clock skew to reduce the system-wide minimum clock period. Although choosing (or scheduling) clock skew values has been previously recognized as an optimization technique for reducing the minimum clock period, difficulty in controlling the delays of the clock paths due to process parameter variations has limited its effectiveness. In this paper the minimum clock period is reduced using intentional clock skew by calculating a permissible clock skew range for each local data path while incorporating process dependent delay values of the clock signal paths.
Classification for Human Balance Capacity Based on Visual Stimulation under a Virtual Reality Environment (2019)

The normal and disordered people balance ability classification is a key premise for rehabilitation training. This paper proposes a multi-barycentric area model (MBAM), which can be applied for accurate video analysis based classification. First, we have invited fifty-three subjects to wear an HTC (High Tech Computer Corporation) VIVE (Very Immersive Virtual Experience) helmet and to walk ten meters while seeing a virtual environment. The subjects' motion behaviors are collected as our balance ability classification dataset. Secondly, we use background differential algorithm and bilateral filtering as the preprocessing to alleviate the video noise and motion blur. Inspired by the balance principle of a tumbler, we introduce a MBAM model to describe the body balancing condition by computing the gravity center of a triangle area, which is surrounded by the upper, middle and lower parts of the human body. Finally, we can obtain the projection coordinates according to the center of gravity of the triangle, and get the roadmap of the subjects by connecting those projection coordinates. In the experiments, we adopt four kinds of metrics (the MBAM, the area variance, the roadmap and the walking speed) innumerical analysis to verify the effect of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method can obtain a more accurate classification for human balance ability. The proposed research may provide potential theoretical support for the clinical diagnosis and treatment for balance dysfunction patients.
Microbubbles for Thrombolysis of Acute Ischemic Stroke (2009)

Improved treatment of acute ischemic stroke with ultrasound and microbubbles in combination with thrombolytic drugs shows great promise, but the optimal techniques, indications, and contraindications have not yet been well defined. Moreover, details such as microbubble dosage, delivery, required thrombolytic drug dosage, and optimal ultrasound characteristics all remain uncertain. Recent results suggest that ultrasound and microbubbles may be effective in clot lysis of ischemic stroke without additional thrombolytic drugs. Moreover, targeting thrombus with specific immunobubbles may improve the efficacy of sonothrombolysis. Safety remains a major concern in the further development of ultrasound-enhanced thrombolysis and extensive animal work is required to define the most promising methods to translate into human application.
Homopolymerization of isopropyl vinyl ketone and influence of the microstructure on the photodegradation of the polymer obtained (1978)

Abstract The kinetic equation of the radical polymerization of isopropyl vinyl ketone at 60°C using benzene as solvent and AIBN as initiator was determined. The influence of the microstructure on the photodegradation rate of atactic and crystalline poly(isopropyl vinyl ketone) (PIVK) was also investigated. The photolysis of atactic and crystalline samples of PIVK was carried out in solution and in the solid state. By effect of radiation, crosslinking and chain‐scission, or only chain‐scission, was observed, this behaviour was depending on the aggregation state of the sample. It was proved that the chain mobility plays the main role in the photodegradation of PIVK.
Treatment of severe chronic idiopathic urticaria with oral mycophenolate mofetil in patients not responding to antihistamines and/or corticosteroids (2006)

Mycophenolate mofetil may be a valuable and safe treatment for patients with chronic urticaria who do not respond to antihistamines and/or corticosteroids, and who require aggressive treatment to control their disease symptoms. Further controlled clinical studies are needed to determine its value.
Neue bicyclische Ketone und die Stereochemie ihrer Reaktion mit Carbanionen (1985)

Die Alkylierung des „Ketondianions”︁ 1 von 2-Indanon mit difunktionellen Elektrophilen kann zur Cyclisierung unter C,C- (→2) oder C,O-Alkylierung (→3 und/oder Doppelbindungsisomer) sowie zur Spiroanellierung (→4) führen; die Reaktion läßt sich steuern und eröffnet einen einfachen Zugang zu bicyclischen Ketonen wie 2. Deren Umsetzung mit Organometallverbindungen verläuft diastereoselektiv.
Distributed computation and inference (2020)

Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, May, 2020
Applicability of a standardized discrete cosine transform coding method to character images (1992)

The Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) baseline system, which is scheduled to be standardized in 1992, is applied to character images, and the characteristics of the application are investigated. The JPEG system is suitable for continuous-tone images, however, continuous-tone images are usually accompanied by characters. The image quality of characters is investigated on various magnitudes of quantization tables and the deterioration mechanisms are discussed. A method ofimage quality improvement that is accomplished by density transformation after decoding is proposed and its effects are confirmed.
T-Wave Alternans in the Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial Population (2008)

A lthough the cardiovascular death rate has fallen in recent years, the proportion of cardiovascular deaths attributed to sudden cardiac death (SCD) is on the rise. SCD is usually caused by ventricular tachyarrhythmias resulting from complex electroanatomic changes that follow myocardial injury, most often associated with coronary artery disease. Ventricular tachyarrhythmia episodes and the factors responsible for triggering them are poorly understood, usually occur without warning or provocation, and result almost invariably in death. Therefore, efforts aimed at predicting and preventing SCD have emerged as the major paradigm for addressing this significant unresolved public health dilemma.
Vision-Based Robotic Solution for Wire Insertion With an Assigned Label Orientation (2021)

This paper tackles the problem of wire insertion in switchgear assembly according to the current regulations. In particular, the wire connections require that the wire label has to be oriented facing up in order to simplify and speed up testing and maintenance of the switchgear. The proposed approach exploits the a priori knowledge of the scenario with a calibrated RGB camera and a robotic arm to estimate both wire end pose and label position. The procedure combines several techniques (gradient base, trained classifier and stereo vision) to elaborate standard images in order to extract some wire features related to its shape and label. Specific frames are fixed according to estimated features and then used to correctly complete the task by using a robotic system. Experiments are reported to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Phase Ib study of the anti-TGF-β monoclonal antibody (mAb) NIS793 combined with spartalizumab (PDR001), a PD-1 inhibitor, in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors. (2021)

2509 Background: TGF-β plays a key role in regulating the tumor microenvironment. Emerging evidence suggests TGF-β is a key activator of cancer-associated fibroblasts, leading to fibrotic network development and immune exclusion. Preclinical data in murine models showed that TGF-β blockade alleviates intratumoral fibrosis, augmenting the efficacy of PD-1 immunotherapy. NIS793 is a human IgG2 mAb that binds to TGF-β. This study investigates NIS793 + spartalizumab in pts with advanced solid tumors. Methods: Pts initially received NIS793 (0.3–1 mg/kg Q3W) monotherapy; following evaluation of two dose levels, dose escalation continued with NIS793 + spartalizumab (NIS793 0.3–30 mg/kg Q3W + spartalizumab 300 mg Q3W; or NIS793 20–30 mg/kg Q2W + spartalizumab 400 mg Q4W) in pts with/without prior anti-PD-(L)1 therapy. In dose expansion, pts with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resistant to prior anti-PD-(L)1 or pts with microsatellite stable colorectal cancer (MSS-CRC) were treated at the recommended dose for expansion (RDE). Paired tumor biopsies were required from all pts. The primary objectives were to characterize safety and tolerability of the combination and determine the RDE. Results: By December 1, 2020, 60 pts were treated in the dose-escalation phase, mainly with NIS793 + spartalizumab (n = 49), and 60 pts were treated in dose expansion (MSS-CRC: n = 40; NSCLC: n = 20). Two pts were still receiving treatment. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed, and the RDE was established as 30 mg/kg (2100 mg) NIS793 + 300 mg spartalizumab Q3W. Overall 50% pts experienced ≥1 treatment-related AE (TRAE). The most common were rash (n = 15/120), pruritus (n = 10/120), fatigue (n = 9/120), and nausea (n = 8/120). Grade 3/4 TRAEs occurred in 11% pts, with rash (3%) being the most common. Treatment-related serious AEs were reported in 8 pts; 6 were grade 3/4 in severity. No deaths occurred due to AEs; 3 (2.5%) pts discontinued due to AEs. PK for NIS793 was linearly dose proportional with no obvious correlation between exposure and response. Two pts achieved a partial response (PR; one confirmed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and one unconfirmed in NSCLC) during dose escalation of the combination. Two confirmed PRs were achieved in the MSS-CRC dose-expansion group. Biomarker data showed evidence of target engagement through increased TGF-β/NIS793 complexes and depleted active TGF-β in peripheral blood. Gene expression and protein analyses in tumor biopsies displayed decreased TGF-β target genes, decreased TGF-β signatures and increased immune signatures suggesting modulation of the TGF-β pathway and preliminary evidence of biological activity. Conclusions: Data showing target engagement and TGF-β pathway inhibition supported the proof of mechanism of NIS793. The RDE of the combination was established and well tolerated in pts with advanced solid tumors. Clinical trial information: NCT02947165.
Patent Statistics as Economic Indicators: A Survey (1990)

This survey reviews the growing use of patent data in economic analysis. After describing some of the main characteristics of patents and patent data, it focuses on the use of patents as an indicator of technological change. Cross-sectional and time-series studies of the relationship of patents to R&D expenditures are reviewed, as well as scattered estimates of the distribution of patent values and the value of patent rights, the latter being based on recent analyses of European patent renewal data. Time-series trends of patents granted in the U.S. are examined and their decline in the 1970s is found to be an artifact of the budget stringencies at the Patent Office. The longer run downward trend in patents per R&D dollar is interpreted not as an indication of diminishing returns but rather as a reflection of the changing meaning of such data over time. The conclusion is reached that, in spite of many difficulties and reservations, patent data remain a unique resource for the study of technical change.
Efficient memory partitioning for parallel data access in multidimensional arrays (2015)

Memory bandwidth bottlenecks severely restrict parallel access of data from memory arrays. To increase bandwidth, memory partitioning algorithms have been proposed to access multiple memory banks simultaneously. However, previous partitioning schemes propose complex partitioning algorithms, which leads to non-optimal memory bank space utilization and unnecessary storage overhead. In this paper, we develop an efficient memory partitioning strategy with low time complexity and low storage overhead for data access in multidimensional arrays. Experimental results show that our memory partitioning algorithm saves up to 93.7% in the amount of arithmetic operations, 96.9% in execution time and 31.1% in storage overhead, compared to the state-of-the-art approach.
Fluorescence detection of ATP based on the ATP-mediated aggregation of pyrene-appended boronic acid on a polycationElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: experimental details. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b4/b400644e/ (2004)

A novel fluorescent sensing system for ATP has been created utilizing the ATP-mediated aggregation process of pyrene-appended boronic acid on a polycation.
2D-material Based Nano-photonics (2014)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Majumdar, S. Wu, S. Buckley, A. M. Jones, J. S. Ross, N. J. Ghimire, J. Yan, D. G. Mandrus, W. Yao, F. Hatami, J. Vučković, and X. Xu, "2D-material Based Nano-photonics," in CLEO: 2014, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2014), paper SM4M.7. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Get Video Citation alert Save article