gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Collaborative Robot as Scrub Nurse (2021)

Abstract Under-staffing of nurses is a significant problem in most countries. It is expected to rise in the coming years, making it challenging to perform crucial tasks like assessing a patient's condition, assisting the surgeon in medical procedures, catheterization and Blood Transfusion etc., Automation of some essential tasks would be a viable idea to overcome this shortage of nurses. One such task intended to automate is the role of a 'Scrub Nurse' by using a robotic arm to hand over the surgical instruments. In this project, we propose to use a Collaborative Robotic-arm as a Scrub nurse that can be controlled with voice commands. The robotic arm was programmed to reach the specified position of the instruments placed on the table equipped with a voice recognition module to recognize the requested surgical instrument. When the Surgeon says "Pick Instrument", the arm picks up the instrument from the table and moves it over to the prior defined handover position. The Surgeon can take over the instrument by saying the command "Drop". Safe pathways for automatic movement of arm and handover position will be predefined by the Surgeon manually. This concept was developed considering the convenience of the Surgeon and the patient's safety, tested for collision, noisy environments, positioning failures and accuracy in grasping the instruments. Limitations that need to be considered in future work are the recognition of voice commands which as well as the returning of the instruments by the surgeon in a practical and safe way.
Complications Associated with Eosinophilic Esophagitis (2011)

Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with dense esophageal eosinophilia, hyperplastic epithelia and subepithelial fibrosis [1]. As clinical recognition of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) increases, so too do observations identifying complications of the disease and its treatments. For the purposes of this chapter, complications will be defined as unfavourable evolutions of chronic inflammation or untoward consequences of ongoing treatment. In this regard, partial or complete esophageal obstruction due to esophageal narrowings or food impaction and eating difficulties are two important complications of EoE. With respect to chronic treatment, the overall goal is to resolve symptoms and prevent EoE-related complications. But treatment endpoints have not been established and thus, the exact duration, frequency, expense and type treatments have not been formally established. Because of this lack of guidelines, clinicians are potentially faced with complications related to endoscopic procedures, medical treatments and nutritional restrictions. In this chapter, we will provide our interpretation of the literature and summary of our clinical experiences of these complications in children and adult patients with EoE.
Emerging role of the plant ERF transcription factors in coordinating wound defense responses and repair (2017)

Plants react to wounding through the activation of both defense and repair pathways, but how these two responses are coordinated is unclear. Here, we put forward the hypothesis that diverse members of the subfamily X of the plant-specific ethylene response factor (ERF) transcription factors coordinate stress signaling with the activation of wound repair mechanisms. Moreover, we highlight the observation that tissue repair is strongly boosted through the formation of a heterodimeric protein complex that comprises ERF and transcription factors of the GRAS domain type. This interaction turns ERFs into highly potent and stress-responsive activators of cell proliferation. The potency to induce stem cell identity suggests that these heterodimeric transcription factor complexes could become valuable tools to increase crop regeneration and transformation efficiency.
The trimetaphosphate ligand in organometallic chemistry. Isolation of tricarbonylmanganese(I), tricarbonylrhenium(I), (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium(III), and (norbornadiene)rhodium(I) adducts (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe trimetaphosphate ligand in organometallic chemistry. Isolation of tricarbonylmanganese(I), tricarbonylrhenium(I), (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium(III), and (norbornadiene)rhodium(I) adductsC. J. Besecker, V. W. Day, and W. G. KlempererCite this: Organometallics 1985, 4, 3, 564–570Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00122a024https://doi.org/10.1021/om00122a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views476Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Structures of the Ca2+-regulated photoprotein obelin Y138F mutant before and after bioluminescence support the catalytic function of a water molecule in the reaction (2014)

Ca(2+)-regulated photoproteins, which are responsible for light emission in a variety of marine coelenterates, are a highly valuable tool for measuring Ca(2+) inside living cells. All of the photoproteins are a single-chain polypeptide to which a 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine molecule is tightly but noncovalently bound. Bioluminescence results from the oxidative decarboxylation of 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine, generating protein-bound coelenteramide in an excited state. Here, the crystal structures of the Y138F obelin mutant before and after bioluminescence are reported at 1.72 and 1.30 Å resolution, respectively. The comparison of the spatial structures of the conformational states of Y138F obelin with those of wild-type obelin gives clear evidence that the substitution of Tyr by Phe does not affect the overall structure of both Y138F obelin and its product following Ca(2+) discharge compared with the corresponding conformational states of wild-type obelin. Despite the similarity of the overall structures and internal cavities of Y138F and wild-type obelins, there is a substantial difference: in the cavity of Y138F obelin a water molecule corresponding to W2 in wild-type obelin is not found. However, in Ca(2+)-discharged Y138F obelin this water molecule now appears in the same location. This finding, together with the observed much slower kinetics of Y138F obelin, clearly supports the hypothesis that the function of a water molecule in this location is to catalyze the 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine decarboxylation reaction by protonation of a dioxetanone anion before its decomposition into the excited-state product. Although obelin differs from other hydromedusan Ca(2+)-regulated photoproteins in some of its properties, they are believed to share a common mechanism.
Macroblock-based progressive fine granularity scalable video coding (2001)

The Progressive Fine Granularity Scalable (PFGS) coding is a promising technique for streaming video applications. However, since the original PFGS only chooses its references as framebased, it is very difficult to achieve a good trade-off between high coding efficiency and low drifting errors. In this paper, we present a flexible and effective scheme to control the PFGS coding at the macroblock level. Three INTER modes are first proposed for the enhancement macroblock coding. One of these modes provides a novel method to effectively reduce the drifting errors at low bit rates. Then, a decision-making mechanism based on temporal prediction is developed to choose the optimal coding mode for each enhancement macroblock, which offers a significant coding efficiency improvement for the fine granularity scalable coding scheme. Moreover, the proposed control mechanism can be easily implemented without any additional computation. The experimental results show that the proposed macroblock-based PFGS coding scheme can effectively reduce the drifting errors at low bit rates, while providing further coding efficiency improvement over the FGS and the original PFGS scheme at moderate or high bit rates.
A Data-Driven Experimental Approach for Modeling Aeroelastic Instabilities of Pitching Wings (2023)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-0278.vid We propose and validate a data-driven experimental framework for studying flow-induced oscillations of elastically mounted pitching wings. We first train a Neural Network regression model for the nonlinear fluid torque obtained from purely prescribed oscillations. We then embed this model into an ordinary differential equation solver to solve for the governing equation of the passive system with desired structural parameters. The system dynamics predicted by the proposed data-driven method are characterized and compared with those obtained from cyber-physical experiments. The predicted and experimental amplitude, frequency and torque responses are found to be in good agreements. At the bifurcation point, the transient growth and saturation of the oscillation amplitude and fluid torque are also faithfully captured by the proposed method.
Global Stabilization for a class of nonlinear fractional-order systems (2018)

The problem of Mittag–Leffler stabilization (MLS) is studied for a class of nonlinear non-integer order systems. The stabilizer is constructed by using the Lyapunov function and backstepping algorithm. The continuous controller is designed to ensure that the state of the nonlinear fractional-order closed-loop system converges to the equilibrium. Two simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the method.
Immunostimulating and cancer-reductive experimental therapy with the oxazaphosphorine cytostatic SUM-IAP (2018)

SUM-IAP is an aldo-ifosfamide-perhydrothiazine derivative that, under physiological conditions, spontaneously hydrolyzes to SUM-aldo-ifosfamide. In SUM-IAP, one 2-chloroethyl group of the alkylating function of aldo-ifosfamide-perhydrothiazine is substituted by a mesyl-ethyl group. The compound was synthesized to investigate the influence of the alkylating function of aldo-ifosfamide on the antitumor activity of oxazaphosphorine cytostatics. In chemotherapy experiments in CD2F1 mice with advanced subcutaneously growing P388 mice leukemia cells, the primary tumor was reduced below the detection level with two highly dosed injections on days 7 and 8, but after 14 days, the primary tumor was measurable again. The primary tumor and detectable metastases killed the animals 29-30 days after SUM-IAP application. When, however, the animals were treated again with two highly dosed injections on day 14 and 15, a 4-5 times increase in the number of leukocytes was measured and all animals survived the observation period of 100 days. In the high, cancer-reductive dose range, SUM-IAP is not only a cytotoxic but also an immunostimulating oxazaphosphorine cytostatic.
Drug abusers have impaired cerebral oxygenation and cognition during exercise (2017)

Despite SUD individuals having their PFC cerebral oxygenation increased during exercise, they presented lower cognition and oxygenation when compared to controls, especially at elevated intensities. These results may reinforce the role of exercise as an adjuvant treatment to improve PFC function and cognitive control in individuals with SUD.
Fused DNN: A Deep Neural Network Fusion Approach to Fast and Robust Pedestrian Detection (2017)

We propose a deep neural network fusion architecture for fast and robust pedestrian detection. The proposed network fusion architecture allows for parallel processing of multiple networks for speed. A single shot deep convolutional network is trained as a object detector to generate all possible pedestrian candidates of different sizes and occlusions. This network outputs a large variety of pedestrian candidates to cover the majority of ground-truth pedestrians while also introducing a large number of false positives. Next, multiple deep neural networks are used in parallel for further refinement of these pedestrian candidates. We introduce a soft-rejection based network fusion method to fuse the soft metrics from all networks together to generate the final confidence scores. Our method performs better than existing state-of-the-arts, especially when detecting small-size and occluded pedestrians. Furthermore, we propose a method for integrating pixel-wise semantic segmentation network into the network fusion architecture as a reinforcement to the pedestrian detector. The approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods on most protocols on Caltech Pedestrian dataset, with significant boosts on several protocols. It is also faster than all other methods.
Tongue Operated Assistive Technologies (2007)

Assistive technologies help improving the quality of life for severely disabled individuals by enabling them to pursue self-care, educational, vocational, and recreational activities. Tongue has a set of unique characteristics that makes it a suitable appendage for manipulating paralyzed individuals' environments through the use of tongue-operated assistive devices. A number of these devices have been reviewed and a new one, called Tongue Drive, has been introduced.
Photoacoustic ToF tomography of blood cells: From mathematical approximation to super-resolution (2017)

Photoacoustic or PA waves, generated from blood cells, create distinct spectral features in the Fourier domain, for example, maxima and minima. In this way, high-frequency PA signals can be used to identify and distinguish blood cells. However, due to finite bandwidth of physical systems, many interesting Fourier features are invisible within the observed bandwidth. To overcome this challenge, we reformulate the PA imaging problem as a time-of-flight super-resolution problem. Based on the PA wave equations, we show that the problem reduces to estimation of sparse cellular features from a set of finite trigonometric moments. For this purpose, we develop a super-resolution algorithm which achieves near exact performance (in context of maximum likelihood estimation) when working with experimental data. Hence, our work alleviates an important bottleneck in PA imaging linked with classification of cellular features.
Bioetics Issues of Artificial Placenta and Artificial Womb Technology. (2023)

The worldwide infertility crisis and the increase in mortality and morbidity among infants, due to preterm births and associated complications, have stimulated research into artificial placenta (AP) and artificial womb (AW) technology as novel solutions. These technologies mimic the natural environment provided in the mother's womb, using chambers that ensure the supply of nutrients to the fetus and disposal of waste substances through an appropriate mechanism. This review aims to highlight the background of AP and AW technologies, revisit their historical development and proposed applications, and discuss challenges and bioethical and moral issues. Further research is required to investigate any negative effects of these new technologies, and ethical concerns pertaining to the structure and operation of this newly developed technology must be addressed and resolved prior to its introduction to the public sphere.
Methylcyclopentadiene Isomers (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethylcyclopentadiene IsomersSIGMUND M. CSICSERYCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 4, 518–521Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01074a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01074a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views657Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Abstract CT074: Pre-existing ESR1 mutations in early-stage primary breast cancer predict failure of endocrine therapy and poor survival (2020)

Abstract Background: More than three-quarters of primary breast cancers are positive for estrogen receptor alpha (ER; encoded by the gene ESR1), the most important factor for directing anti-estrogenic endocrine therapy. Although mutation in ESR1 is known as an acquired mechanism of resistance to endocrine therapy (ET), found in 12-55% of metastatic breast cancers treated previously with ET, the impact of ESR1 mutation on therapy response in primary breast cancer is unclear. Patients and methods: In this study we analyzed 3217 real-world and population-based early-stage primary breast cancers (within the SCAN-B study, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02306096). Tissues were sampled from initial diagnosis prior to any treatment and analyzed for the presence of ESR1 mutations using RNA sequencing. Mutations were verified by SAGAsafe droplet digital PCR. Results: We identified ESR1 resistance mutations in 30 cases (0.9%), of which 29 were ER-positive (1.1%). In ER-positive disease, presence of ESR1 mutation was significantly associated to poor relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) (p=0.011 and p=0.019, respectively), and moreover predicted poor RFS and OS within the patient group that received ET (p=0.007 and p=0.010, respectively). Conclusions: These results indicate that ESR1 mutations at diagnosis of untreated primary breast cancer are rare, however we confirm for the first time that such early mutations predict eventual resistance to standard hormone therapy in the adjuvant setting. If replicated, tumor ESR1 screening may be considered in ER-positive primary breast cancer and, in mutated cases, ER-degraders such as fulvestrant or other therapeutic options may be considered as more appropriate. Citation Format: Malin Dahlgren, Anthony M. George, Christian Brueffer, Sergii Gladchuk, Yilun Chen, Johan Vallon-Christersson, Cecilia Hegardt, Jari Häkkinen, Lisa Rydén, Martin Malmberg, Christer Larsson, Sofia K. Gruvberger-Saal, Anna Ehinger, Niklas Loman, Åke Borg, Lao H. Saal. Pre-existing ESR1 mutations in early-stage primary breast cancer predict failure of endocrine therapy and poor survival [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr CT074.
Ultrahigh Responsivity in Graphene-ZnO Nanorod Hybrid UV Photodetector (2015)

Ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors based on ZnO nanostructure/graphene (Gr) hybrid-channel field-effect transistors (FETs) are investigated under illumination at various incident photon intensities and wavelengths. The time-dependent behaviors of hybrid-channel FETs reveal a high sensitivity and selectivity toward the near-UV region at the wavelength of 365 nm. The devices can operate at low voltage and show excellent selectivity, high responsivity (RI ), and high photoconductive gain (G). The change in the transfer characteristics of hybrid-channel FETs under UV light illumination allows to detect both photovoltage and photocurrent. The shift of the Dirac point (V Dirac ) observed during UV exposure leads to a clearer explanation of the response mechanism and carrier transport properties of Gr, and this phenomenon permits the calculation of electron concentration per UV power density transferred from ZnO nanorods and ZnO nanoparticles to Gr, which is 9 × 10(10) and 4 × 10(10) per mW, respectively. The maximum values of RI and G infer from the fitted curves of RI and G versus UV intensity are 3 × 10(5) A W(-1) and 10(6) , respectively. Therefore, the hybrid-channel FETs studied herein can be used as UV sensing devices with high performance and low power consumption, opening up new opportunities for future optoelectronic devices.
In-vivo cortical thickness estimation from high-resolution T1w MRI scans in healthy and mucopolysaccharidosis affected dogs (2019)

Cortical thickness measurement estimated from high-resolution anatomical MRI scans may serve as a marker of cortical atrophy in clinical research applications. Most of the working algorithms and pipelines are optimized for human in-vivo data analyses that offer robust and reproducible measures. As animal-models are widely utilized in many preclinical phases of clinical trials the need for an optimized automated MRI data analysis to yield reliable data is warranted. We present a processing pipeline optimized for cortical thickness estimation of canine brains in native and template spaces. Preliminary results of 5 healthy and 5 mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) dogs demonstrate single-canine mean/median cortical thickness in range of 2.69-3.58mm in native space and 3.26-4.15mm in template space. Our MRI generated values exceed previous histological measurements (observed mean about 2mm) in limited literature reports. Randomly selected manual measures corroborated the ranges defined by estimated cortical thickness probability density functions. Geometric transformations between native and template spaces change absolute mean/median cortical thickness values, but do not change the data nature and properties since the Pearson correlation coefficients between different space estimates were 0.84 for mean values and 0.89 for median values. No significant difference in total cortical thickness between MPS and age-and gender-matched dogs was observed.
“Nearly zero” modal volume cavities using localized plasmons with some retardation effects (2008)

The Q-factor of a localized plasmon cavity is enhanced significantly when allowing the plasmon to very slightly propagate as an SPP. The resulting mixed plasmon - plasmon polariton resonators retain sub-100 nm volume with enhanced Q-factors.
An active, skeletally anchored transpalatal appliance for derotation, distalization and vertical control of maxillary first molars (2014)

The skeletal 'Frog' is effective in derotating and distalizing maxillary molars without anchorage loss and with excellent vertical control.