gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overweight, Obesity, and Pancreatic Cancer (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tilt angle effect on optimizing HALO PMOS performance (2002)

Deep submicrometer MOS devices often need special structures to optimize their performance. The HALO structure, or pocket implant, is usually adopted for PMOS to reduce off-state leakage current and enhance on-state drive current. This paper studies the tilt angle effect of HALO implant on device performance. It is found that devices with higher tilt angle feature reduced body effect and increased source resistance as compared to those with low tilt angle, and the effect of resistance and body effect compensates each other, resulting equivalent DC performance for different tilt angles. We suggest that based on this equivalence of DC performance, a high tilt angle should be adopted for HALO devices due to their lower junction capacitance.
Bupivacaine Mandibular Nerve Block Affects Intraoperative Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in a Yucatan Miniature Swine Mandibular Condylectomy Model: A Pilot Study (2014)

Addition of a mandibular nerve block to the anesthetic regimen in the miniature pig condylectomy model may improve variations in intraoperative BP and HR. This study establishes the foundation for future studies with larger animal numbers to confirm these preliminary findings.
A Compact, Low-Profile Log-Periodic Meandered Dipole Array Antenna with an Artificial Magnetic Conductor (2018)

A compact and low-profile log-periodic meandered dipole array (LPMDA) antenna with an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is proposed. For compactness, a meander line configuration is implemented with dipole elements and optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA) to realize the LPMDA antenna. As a result, a size reduction of approximately 30<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:math> is achieved as compared to a conventional log-periodic dipole array antenna. To enhance the gain characteristics, the AMC ground plane configuration is realized with 9 × 9 unit cells for the LPMDA antenna. Two prototypes of the proposed LPMDA antennas with and without an AMC are fabricated and measured to verify its performance. The measured −10 dB reflection ratio bandwidths are 2.56 : 1 (0.85–2.18 GHz) and 2.34 : 1 (0.92–2.16 GHz) for the proposed LPMDA antennas with and without the AMC, respectively. The gain at the main beam direction within the operating frequency bandwidth is significantly improved from 3.94–7.17 dBi to 7.86–10.01 dBi by applying the AMC.
Women's health. Trends in the use of hormone replacement therapy in eastern France between 1986 and 1993 (1999)

Background: In 1986, 8% of the women examined at a centre for preventive medicine in eastern France used hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Our objective in 1993 was to re-examine this prevalence and to analyse the trends in HRT use and the factors that might have influenced changes. Methods: The 1986 population consisted, by coincidence, of 1,986 post-menopausal women aged 45-55 years and the 1993 population Included 1,576 such women. The women in each period were compared for various characteristics, which were determined from questionnaire responses. In addition, current HRT users were compared with non-users for both periods. The influence of time and of the women's characteristics on the changes in the prevalence of HRT use were analysed. Results: In both years, users were more frequently born in France, had a higher level of education and were more often employed than non-users. Between 1986 and 1993 the prevalence of HRT use rose from 8% to 38%. This marked increase seemed mainly associated with the time period. The increase in HRT use across subgroups showed no evidence of heterogeneity. While the use of HRT increased, it remained more common among women who were younger, better-educated and born in France. Conclusion: The trend towards a high prevalence of HRT use makes tt all the more important to understand as thoroughly as possible the effects of HRT, both protective (e.g. for cardiovascular risk) and negative (e.g. the possible risk of breast cancer).
Glycosylated Human Prolactin* (1985)

A glycosylated form of human PRL (G-hPRL) was isolated from pituitary glands. The glycoprotein was separated from the major form of PRL on columns of lentil lectin-Sepharose 4B. The major form of PRL did not bind to the lentil lectin, whereas the glycosylated modification did and could be eluted with methyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside. By gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate, a mol wt of 25,000 was estimated for the glycosylated PRL. The mol wt of hPRL is 23,000. In a RIA for hPRL, the glycosylated hormone was about one third as reactive as the principal form. Since there is only one Asn-X-Ser(Thr) sequence in hPRL, the asparagine at position 31 is the likely point of N-linked glycosylation.
Acousto-Ultrasonic Monitoring of Glueline Curing (2007)

Hard maple electrodes were bonded with three types of epoxies in a lap joint and acousto-ultrasonic transmission monitored during curing. The electrodes, 3.2 x 25 x 115 mm, were lapped for a 25- x 25-mm bond area. Standard acoustic emission sensors, 175 kHz transmitter and 75 kHz receiver, were used to provide an RMS voltage output, which increased as the adhesive cured. The transmission increase was quantified using a halftime to cure. The increase in transmission is comparable to the predicted increase in longitudinal modulus. Increasing glueline thickness from 0.05 to 0.5 mm caused an increase in apparent cure time as measured by the halftime. By controlling glueline temperature, an activation energy was determined from the halftime to cure.
Novel linear analog-adder using a-IGZO TFTs (2016)

A novel linear analog adder is proposed only with n-type enhancement IGZO TFTs that computes summation of four voltage signals. However, this design can be easily extended to perform summation of higher number of signals, just by adding a single TFT for each additional signal in the input block. The circuit needs few number of transistors, only a single power supply irrespective of the number of voltage signals to be added, and offers good accuracy over a reasonable range of input values. The circuit was fabricated on glass substrate with the annealing temperature not exceeding 200° C. The circuit performance is characterized from measurements under normal ambient at room temperature, with a power supply voltage of 12 V and a load of ≈ 4 pF. The designed circuit has shown a linearity error of 2.3% (until input signal peak to peak value is 2 V), a power consumption of 78 μW and a bandwidth of ≈ 115 kHz, under the worst case condition (when it is adding four signals with the same frequency). In this test setup, it has been noticed that the second harmonic is 32 dB below the fundamental frequency component. This circuit could offer an economic alternative to the conventional approaches, being an important contribution to increase the functionality of large area flexible electronics.
Global and gene-specific DNA methylation pattern discriminates cholecystitis from gallbladder cancer patients in Chile (2014)

Global and gene-specific DNA methylation may be useful biomarkers for GBC clinical assessment.
Deformation of Display for Handheld Devices During Drop Impact (2016)

Chemically strengthened glass is widely used as a cover glass in consumer electronic devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and notebook computers. A cover glass protects the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) in these devices from field abuse, such as scratches and impacts in device drop. Therefore, it is important to investigate the protective glass response under dynamic impact loading. The pendulum ball drop test has been applied in the past to understand glass panel's dynamic behavior upon impact with a steel ball. Excellent correlation in the deformation of the glass panels between measurement and modeling has been obtained in the past. However, compared to deformation, strain is more oscillatory in nature and differs in frequency of response due to wave propagation and contact complexities. Hence, measurement of strain needs extended care, and needs to be further investigated. In this study, a steel ball is made to freely fall and drop on to the surface of the glass. The glass panel is simply supported over cylindrical steel supports. This arrangement minimizes the wave propagation complexities and uncertainties in the measurements. Care is taken in the fixture design to ensure that glass receives most of the impact energy, and no or minimal impact energy is lost in the fixture due to its compliance. Two synchronized high-speed cameras monitor the impact of the ball from the bottom of the glass. Images captured at high frame rates are analyzed using 3D Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique, and the full field dynamic response of the test subject is captured. Efforts were made to spray speckle pattern on the sample as fine as possible so that small facet size and step could be maintained, hence measurement accuracy is increased, but at the same time, data obtained is more prone to noise, and therefore, proper filtering technique was applied to take care of this problem. Finally, a Finite Element Model (FEM) is developed that uses ABAQUS to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic response of the glass. Excellent correlation in deformation and strain are obtained between the measurements and predictions for different energy drops. With the validated finite element model deformation and strain measurements can be implemented on product level drop.
Spin-valve effects in nickel/silicon/nickel junctions (1996)

We report on fabrication and characterization of a planar spin-valve device which has two sets of interdigited nanoscale Ni fingers as two electrodes in Schottky contact with Si. The finger width is 75 nm for one set and 150 nm for the other. A large length-to-width ratio of the fingers results in a single domain magnetization and a sharp magneto-resistance (MR) response. The switching field of the finger is determined by the finger width and spacing due to magnetostatic interaction. MR measurements reveal spin-valve effects in the Ni/Si/Ni junctions with MR changes of 0.3-0.6% at room temperature. The effects are discussed within a spin-valve model.
Freezing and heat tolerance ofOpuntiacacti native to the Canadian prairie provinces (1996)

Seasonal changes in the freezing tolerance in situ were determined for Opuntia fragilis and Opuntia polyacantha native to southern Saskatchewan, Canada. Wintering terminal cladodes of O. fragilis and O. polyacantha survived −50 and −40 °C, respectively, without any apparent tissue injury. Approximately 50% of the cladodes of O. fragilis collected on either 10 October or 10 December 1985 tolerated −70 °C and immersion in liquid nitrogen (−196 °C) following slow prefreezing to −40 °C. These are the lowest values reported for the freezing tolerance of cacti as determined by regrowth and tissue necrosis. Newly formed cladodes of the same species did not tolerate −3.5 °C in June, but freezing tolerance increased from −7 to −50 °C from 6 September to 10 October. This increase in freezing tolerance was accompanied by a decrease in water content from 5.4 to 2.6 g H 2 O/g dry wt. and the cladodes were shrunken and reduced by approximately 30% in diameter. Although Opuntia is a succulent plant that avoids drought by storing water in the cladodes, during cold acclimation O. fragilis appears to shift to a more drought-tolerating strategy. In midsummer, the current year cladodes of O. fragilis tolerated a 60-min exposure to 50 °C, while the previous year cladodes tolerated 55 °C without any visible symptoms of injury. Temperature extremes of −30 and 51 °C were recorded at the microhabitats of O. fragilis. This study demonstrates that this species can acclimate to tolerate both the high and low temperature extremes experienced in its native habitat. Keywords: cacti, cold acclimation, freezing tolerance, heat tolerance, Opuntia, water relations.
Efficient sampling and feature selection in whole sentence maximum entropy language models (1999)

Conditional maximum entropy models have been successfully applied to estimating language model probabilities of the form P(w|h), but are often to demanding computationally. Furthermore, the conditional framework does not lend itself to expressing global sentential phenomena. We have previously introduced a non-conditional maximum entropy language model which directly models the probability of an entire sentence or utterance. The model treats each utterance as a "bag of features", where features are arbitrary computable properties of the sentence. Using the model is computationally straightforward since it does not require normalization. Training the model requires efficient sampling of sentences from an exponential distribution. In this paper, we further develop the model and demonstrate its feasibility and power. We compare the efficiency of several sampling techniques. implement smoothing to accommodate rare features, and suggest an efficient algorithm for improving the convergence rate. We then present a novel procedure for feature selection, which exploits discrepancies between the existing model and the training corpus. We demonstrate our ideas by constructing and analyzing competitive modes in the Switchboard domain.
Helical Buckling and Lock-Up Conditions for Coiled Tubing in Curved Wells (1995)

Abstract An improved formula for critical buckling loads has been derived. This formula, which takes the well curvature into account, has been verified in small scale laboratory tests. The theory has been applied to survey data from a real horizontal well and it predicts that the well curvature substantially affects the critical force for helical buckling, and thereby also the maximum run-in length of coiled tubing. Criteria for operational limits, such as lock-up and tubing failure, are also discussed in the paper.
Stereocontrolled synthesis of necine bases, (+)-heliotridine and (+)-retronecine (1990)

T. Kametani, H. Yukawa and T. Honda, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1990, 571 DOI: 10.1039/P19900000571
Monte Carlo study of global interference cancellation by multidistance measurement of near-infrared spectroscopy (2009)

The performance of near-infrared spectroscopy is sometimes degraded by the systemic physiological interference in the extracerebral layer. There is some systemic interference, which is highly correlated with the functional response evoked by a task execution. This kind of interference is difficult to remove by using ordinary techniques. A multidistance measurement method is one of the possible solutions for this problem. The multidistance measurement method requires estimation parameters derived from partial pathlength values of tissue layers to calculate an absorption coefficient change from a temporal absorbance change. Because partial path lengths are difficult to obtain, experimentally, we estimated them by a Monte Carlo simulation based on a five-layered slab model of a human adult head. Model parameters such as thickness and the transport scattering coefficient of each layer depend on a subject and a measurement position; thus, we assumed that these parameters obey normal distributions around standard parameter values. We determined the estimation parameters that provide a good separation performance in average for the model parameter distribution. The obtained weighting is robust to model parameter deviation and provides smaller errors on average compared to the parameters, which are determined without considering parameter distribution.
The effects of evolutionary adaptations on spreading processes in complex networks (2020)

Significance In this article, we bridge the disconnect between how spreading processes propagate and evolve in real life and the current mathematical and simulation models that ignore evolutionary adaptations. We propose a mathematical theory that reveals the effects of evolutionary adaptations on spreading processes in complex networks and highlights the shortcomings of classical epidemic models that do not capture evolution. Our work provides substantive developments to the classical theory of network epidemics and paves the way for exploring depths and revealing insights on the emergence phenomenon.
Global States and Time in Distributed Systems (1994)

Selected papers on global states and time in distributed systems. Among the topics: synchronizing clocks in the presence of faults, Internet time synchronization, and virtual time and global state in distributed systems. Includes an annotated bibliography of principal associated works. No index. Ann
Unsupported sulfides obtained from high specific area mixed oxides as hydrotreating catalysts (2013)

Several bimetallic Ni-Mo, Co-Mo and Co-W materials were prepared by co-precipitation and a Ni-W material through hydrothermal synthesis. The characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD) of molybdates confirmed the formation of layered fy phase, while the tungstates showed both fy semi-crystalline and wolframite. The thermal analyses (TGA and DTA) of these materials showed phase transition around 400°C, excepting by CoMofy to 350°C; these temperatures were selected to calcine the bimetallic precursors to obtain mixed oxides, which exhibited high specific surface areas as compared to analogous materials reported by different synthesis pathways. The Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the phase formation of the species in precursors and mixed oxides. The catalytic activity of the sulfurated mixed oxides was simultaneously evaluated in the hydrodesulphurization (HDS) of dibenzotiophene (DBT) and the hydrogenation (HYD) of tetraline. Results showed a similar behavior to commercial catalysts. The effect of promotors (Ni and Co) is discussed.
Degradation Mode Analysis on Highly Reliable Guardring-Free Planar InAlAs Avalanche Photodiodes (2007)

This paper presents the high reliability of the guardring-free planar InAlAs avalanche photodiode (APD) and its degradation mode analysis. We have conducted long-term and high-temperature aging tests under 175degC, 200degC, 225degC, and 250degC. There were three degradation modes as follows: 1) the increase in the dark current; 2) the decrease in the breakdown voltage; and 3) short circuit. Their thermal activation energies were 0.96, 1.30, and 0.93 eV, respectively. Their estimated mean times to failures at 85 are 25, 100, and 22 million hours, respectively. Increased dark current is generated in the upper side of the absorbing layer. The breakdown voltage decreased with aging time because the depletion width in the absorbing layer shrinks from the region side. Any degradation mode on the surfaced p-n junction did not appear in spite of the 10 000-h aging test at a high temperature of 200degC. The guardring-free planar InAlAs APD has the advantage of high reliability because the electric field of a surfaced p-n junction is weakened by the underlying field control layer.
Measuring Advertising Effectiveness In Destination Marketing Strategies (1990)

The use of true experiments is advocated for testing destination advertising effectiveness in causing visits. Examples of A-B ad copy split tests in other industries are described and the value and limitations of advertising conversion research studies are reviewed. A hypothetical example in tourism advertising effectiveness research of an A-B-C split is presented, C being a control group of subjects not exposed to advertising. A call for travel and tourism industry action to test advertising 's influence on causing visits and revenues concludes the article.
Innate immunity in the genitourinary tract: genetics of susceptibility to disease or asymptomatic carriage (2012)

Click to launch & play an online audio visual presentation by Prof. Catharina Svanborg on Innate immunity in the genitourinary tract: genetics of susceptibility to disease or asymptomatic carriage, part of a collection of multimedia lectures.
Phototherapeutic Keratectomy in Salzmann Nodular Degeneration With “Optical Cornea Plana” (2016)

In SND, asymmetric tear film pooling caused by nodules located in the mid-periphery of the cornea may lead to an "optical cornea plana," which results in a marked hyperopic shift accompanied with high irregular astigmatism. Pannus removal combined with excimer laser PTK may restore visual performance, at least in part, because of a myopic shift and regularization of the corneal curvature.
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: 2009 Update for Internists (2009)

Because autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common genetic abnormalities seen in today's medical practice, many internists will likely treat patients affected by this condition. Genetic abnormalities have been increasingly recognized, and the pathophysiology of the disease is beginning to be unraveled. Because of advances in imaging technology, surrogate markers for disease progression have allowed clinical studies of newer therapeutic agents to proceed. In the near future, therapies for this common genetic disease may be available to either prevent or stabilize the disease course for many affected individuals.
Ultra-Light Decoder for Turbo Product Codes (2017)

This letter presents a novel low-complexity decoder for turbo product codes (TPCs). The new decoder, denoted as ultra-light decoder (ULD), can perform soft-decision decoding without an algebraic hard decision decoder, which is the core of conventional soft-decision decoders of block codes. Moreover, the unique structure of the ULD enables the design of a new approach to compute the minimum Euclidean distance at each decoding iteration. Therefore, the ULD offers significant complexity and delay reduction as compared with the conventional TPC decoders. Reducing the complexity and delay will enable using codes with high code rates to improve the system spectral efficiency or use powerful codes with low code rates to reduce the transmission power. The system bit-error rate is presented for binary and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -ary modulation schemes over additive white Gaussian noise channels, and the coding gain is given for Rayleigh fading channels. The obtained numerical results show that the ULD offers coding gain that is comparable to the conventional TPC decoders under various system and channel conditions but with significantly lower complexity.