gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
S053023 Effects of initial conditions on the decay characteristic in grid turbulence (2013)

The decay characteristics of grid turbulence were investigated by means of laboratory experiments conducted in a wind tunnel. A turbulence-generating grid was installed at the entrance of the test section for generating nearly isotropic turbulence. Five grids(square bars of mesh size M= 15, 25 and 50 mm and cylindrical bars of mesh size M= 10 and 25mm) were used. The solidity of all grids is σ=0.36. The instantaneous streamwise and vertical velocities were measured by hot wire anemometry. The mesh Reynolds numbers were adjusted to Re_M = 6,700, 9,600, 16,000 and 33,000. In each case, the result shows that the decay exponent of turbulent intensity is close to the theoretical value of -6/5 for Saffman turbulence. Furthermore, each case shows that streamwise variations in the integral length scales L_<uu> and L_<vv> and the Taylor microscale X grow according to L_<uu>〜2L_<vv>∝(x/M-x_0/M)^<2/5> and λ∝(x/M-x_0/M)<1/2>, respectively, at x/M > 40-60(depending on the experimental conditions, including grid geometry), where x is the streamwise distance from the grid and x_0 is the virtual origin. We demonstrated that in the decay region of grid turbulence, u_<r.m.s>^2L_<uu>^3 and v_<r.m.s>^2L_<vv>^3., which correspond to Saffman's integral, are constant for all grids and examined Re_M values. Consequently, we conclude that grid turbulence is a type of Saffman turbulence for the examined Re_M range of 6,700-33,000 regardless of grid geometry.
High temperature operation of ISE devices and circuits (2003)

Summary form only given. The high-temperature behavior of devices and circuits fabricated in ISE (isolated silicon epitaxy) SOI wafers and in bulk Si wafers is discussed. The advantages of SOI over bulk circuits under high-temperature operation result from reduced leakage current due to the absence of well junction in CMOS and the reduction of source and drain to body junction areas. One to two orders of magnitude reduction of leakage current for ISE devices compared to equivalent bulk devices is observed at 300 degrees C. At this temperature, junction leakage in bulk devices reaches several tens of microamps. These results indicate the leakage at high temperature is dominated by the diffusion of carriers through junctions (proportional to n/sub i//sup 2/(T)). Another confirmation of this observation is provided by the recovery time of drain-source transient of a depletion-mode MOSFET as a function of temperature when a step bias is applied to the gate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Direct amidation of aromatic compounds (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect amidation of aromatic compoundsJerry March and Joseph Salvatore Engenito Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 21, 4304–4305Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00334a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00334a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views297Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prognostic value analysis of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor in oral squamous cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study (2008)

The results obtained in this study suggest a role of uPAR as a potential biomarker useful to identify higher risk subgroups of OSCC patients.
Design and Evaluation of Potent Inhibitors of Asparagine-Linked Protein Glycosylation (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTDesign and Evaluation of Potent Inhibitors of Asparagine-Linked Protein GlycosylationTamara L. Hendrickson, Jeffrey R. Spencer, Mihoko Kato, and Barbara ImperialiView Author Information Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 32, 7636–7637Publication Date (Web):August 14, 1996Publication History Received2 May 1996Published online14 August 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja961448whttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja961448wrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Inhibition,Inhibitors,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Post-translational modification Get e-Alerts
Looking for a Venture Capitalist?: Try the Mirror (1993)

New Zealand does not have any formal venture capital investors in the country and people are allowed to themselves make their investment decisions. The various rules and things that should be kept in mind by the individual investors are discussed.
Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization for real-time monitoring of trichloroethylene formed by degradation of tetrachloroethylene using zero-valent zinc (2004)

Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) is investigated as a potential technique for real-time monitoring of selected volatile organochloride compounds (VOCs). In a proof-of-concept experiment, the progress of the reductive-degradation of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) to trichloroethylene (TCE) by zero-valent zinc was monitored by REMPI measurements performed in the headspace above the PCE solution. Two-photon resonant REMPI spectra of TCE and PCE were recorded over the wavelength range 305-320 nm. The concentrations of PCE and TCE in the headspace were monitored by measurement of the ionization signal with 315.64- and 310.48-nm excitation for PCE and TCE, respectively. Calibration curves yielded a linear range of more than 2 orders of magnitude for both compounds. The REMPI headspace results agreed well with the solution-phase results from gas chromatography analysis, which was used for independent verification of the progress of the reaction.
Survey of Distributed Amplifiers with >100 GHz Bandwidth and Link-Budget Estimations for Short-Range Wireless up to 0.5 Tbit/s (2019)

In this paper, a survey of leading-edge distributed amplifiers is given. The measurements of our CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) and SiGe BiCMOS (Silicon Germanium Bipolar CMOS) amplifiers show bandwidths of 110 GHz and 180 GHz, and gains of 8.5 dB and 18.7 dB, respectively. The link-budget and strategies for short-range wireless communication up to 0.5 Tbit/s are discussed.
Properties of Somatic Cell Hybrids Between Mouse Cells and Simian Virus 40-Transformed Rat Cells (1972)

Hybrids between mouse cells and simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed rat cells were made, and their properties and chromosome constitution were investigated over many generations. Their hybrid nature was confirmed by enzyme studies. During a period of 1 year a loss of 10 to 20% of the total number of chromosomes was observed. The SV40 tumor antigen was present and remained present in the hybrids. The parental and hybrid cells were studied for agglutination with concanavalin A, for growth in soft agar, and for serum requirement. These growth and surface characteristics of the transformed cells appeared in the hybrids.
TüEyeQ, a rich IQ test performance data set with eye movement, educational and socio-demographic information (2021)

We present the TüEyeQ data set - to the best of our knowledge - the most comprehensive data set generated on a culture fair intelligence test (CFT 20-R), i.e., an IQ Test, consisting of 56 single tasks, taken by 315 individuals aged between 18 and 30 years. In addition to socio-demographic and educational information, the data set also includes the eye movements of the individuals while taking the IQ test. Along with distributional information we also highlight the potential for predictive analysis on the TüEyeQ data set and report the most important covariates for predicting the performance of a participant on a given task along with their influence on the prediction.
Chromatin structure analyses identify miRNA promoters (2008)

Although microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression in normal human physiology and disease, transcriptional regulation of miRNAs is poorly understood, because most miRNA promoters have not yet been characterized. We identified the proximal promoters of 175 human miRNAs by combining nucleosome mapping with chromatin signatures for promoters. We observe that one-third of intronic miRNAs have transcription initiation regions independent from their host promoters and present a list of RNA polymerase II- and III-occupied miRNAs. Nucleosome mapping and linker sequence analyses in miRNA promoters permitted accurate prediction of transcription factors regulating miRNA expression, thus identifying nine miRNAs regulated by the MITF transcription factor/oncoprotein in melanoma cells. Furthermore, DNA sequences encoding mature miRNAs were found to be preferentially occupied by positioned-nucleosomes, and the 3' end sites of known genes exhibited nucleosome depletion. The high-throughput identification of miRNA promoter and enhancer regulatory elements sheds light on evolution of miRNA transcription and permits rapid identification of transcriptional networks of miRNAs.
FTZ Ameliorates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Inhibiting Inflammation and Cardiac Fibrosis in the Streptozotocin-Induced Model (2021)

Our results suggest that FTZ exhibits therapeutic properties against DCM by ameliorating hyperglycemia-induced inflammation and fibrosis via at least partial inhibition of AKT, ERK, and STAT3 signaling pathways.
Synthese von Chloraryl‐harnstoffen aus Aryl‐isocyanaten und N‐Halogenaminen (1974)

Abstract Phenylisocyanat und einige kernsubstituierte Abkömmlinge bilden mit N‐Chlor‐alkylaminen kernchlorierte Arylharnstoffe 4a – 4d ; 5a – 5d . In der Regel tritt das Chlor in die para‐Stellung ein, bei besetzter para‐Stellung in die ortho‐Stellung. Als Zwischenstufen der Reaktion werden N‐Chlor‐harnstoffe wahrscheinlich gemacht Ein Vertreter dieser Verbindungsklasse ( 6b ) wird isoliert und in die kernchlorierte Verbindung umgewandelt. N‐Chlor‐dimethylamin reagiert mit Phenylisocyanat bzw. 3‐Chlorphenylisocyanat zu den bekannten Herbiciden Monuron 1 und Diuron 2 . Hier werden als Zwischenstufen betainartige Anlagerungsprodukte 8 formuliert und durch die starke Chlorierungswirkung der Reaktionsansätze gegenüber zugesetzten Aromaten wahrscheinlich gemacht.
Interleukin-10 and phenomena of tolerance in interleukin-2 therapy. (1996)

AbstractApril 01, 1996 Share on Interleukin-10 and phenomena of tolerance in interleukin-2 therapy.Authors: M Engelhardt, U Brennscheidt, R Mertelsmann, and A LindemannAuthors Info & AffiliationsPublication: Journal of Clinical OncologyVolume 14, Number 4https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1996.14.4.1405 Get Access
Low-Order Filter Approximation of Diffraction for Virtual Acoustics (2021)

Geometrical acoustics can be used to create virtual acoustic environments at low computational cost, disregarding diffraction phenomena based on the wave properties of sound. For the auralization of indoor and outdoor scenarios, a highly relevant case of diffraction occurs for sounds behind an exterior corner or barrier where sounds “bend” around the edge into the “shadow” region. In many cases, the edge can be considered infinite to a first approximation for which analytic solutions exist. However, for realtime, interactive simulation of sound diffraction in virtual acoustics, computationally efficient, time-domain digital filter approaches are desirable, suited to account for the most prominent and perceptually relevant effect of frequency-dependent attenuation. This contribution suggests the design of highly -efficient, recursive filters to approximate effects of diffraction in the shadow region of an infinite edge: i) In comparison to the analytical solution, it is shown that the effect of diffraction can be generally well approximated by a fractional half-order low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency depending on the source and receiver position in relation to the edge. ii) A low-order recursive filter design ensuring smooth transition and interpolation of filter coefficients for dynamically changing geometric conditions is derived and compared to the analytical solution.
Highly Specific Detection of Oxytocin in Saliva (2023)

Oxytocin is a peptide neurophysin hormone made up of nine amino acids and is used in induction of one in four births worldwide (more than 13 percent in the United States). Herein, we have developed an antibody alternative aptamer-based electrochemical assay for real-time and point-of-care detection of oxytocin in non-invasive saliva samples. This assay approach is rapid, highly sensitive, specific, and cost-effective. Our aptamer-based electrochemical assay can detect as little as 1 pg/mL of oxytocin in less than 2 min in commercially available pooled saliva samples. Additionally, we did not observe any false positive or false negative signals. This electrochemical assay has the potential to be utilized as a point-of-care monitor for rapid and real-time oxytocin detection in various biological samples such as saliva, blood, and hair extracts.
Clinical Applications of MicroRNAs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Mini-Review (2021)

MicroRNAs (miRs) are short non-coding RNAs, typically 18-25 nucleotides in length, that are critically important, through their direct effects on target mRNAs, in a variety of cellular processes including cell differentiation, proliferation and survival. Dysregulated miR expression has been identified in numerous cancer types including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). From a clinical standpoint, several miRs have been shown to associate with prognosis in AML patients. Furthermore, they also carry the potential to be used as biomarkers and to inform medical decision making. In addition, several preclinical studies have provided strong rationale to develop novel therapeutic strategies to target miRs in AML. This review will focus on potential clinical applications of miRs in adult AML and will discuss unique miR signatures in specific AML subtypes, their role in prognostication and response to therapy, as well as miRs that are promising therapeutic targets and ongoing clinical trials directed towards targeting clinically relevant miRs in AML that could allow for improvements in current treatment strategies.
Impedance Spectroscopy for the Characterization of Cu-Ceria-YSZ Anodes for SOFCs (2003)

The performance of electrodes in direct-utilization, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) has been studied on anode-supported and electrolyte-supported cells using impedance spectroscopy, coupled with calculations of the potential distribution in the electrolyte. The cells in these studies were composed of a Cu-ceria-yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) anode, a YSZ electrolyte, and a Sr-doped (LSM)-YSZ cathode and were operated at 983 K using both and n-butane as fuel. Both calculations and experiments show that three-electrode measurements on anode-supported electrolytes, with the reference electrode opposite the anode, provide no additional information over two-electrode measurements and cannot be used to estimate the performance of individual electrodes. Three-electrode measurements were able to estimate anode and cathode performance on thick, electrolyte-supported cells, with symmetric placement of the working electrodes. However, both experiments and calculations demonstrate that differences in the kinetics of the two electrodes make perfect separation of anode and cathode processes difficult. The cathode performance of LSM-YSZ in these experiments was described by a single arc in the Cole-Cole plot, with a frequency of 2 kHz and a resistance of The performance of the anode in was also characterized by a single arc, with a frequency of 4 Hz and a resistance of While anode performance in is only weakly dependent on current density, nonlinear processes are observed with n-butane, so that the area-specific resistances depend strongly on the current density. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Trophic transfer of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Cr, and biomarker response for food webs in Taihu Lake, China (2018)

Water, sediments, and aquatic organism samples were collected from Taihu Lake in China. Four types of typical heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, and Cr) were analyzed to evaluate their concentrations and trophic transfer in food webs. The stable nitrogen isotope δ<sup>15</sup>N was used to investigate the trophic interactions. The concentrations of Cd and Zn in the sediments of Taihu Lake exceeded Level I of the China National Quality Standards for Soil. Zn accumulation was identified to increase with the trophic level. The bioconcentration of the four heavy metals in aquatic organisms was evident, with the invertebrates showing the highest bioconcentration factor in the food webs. Several biomarkers were investigated, including metallothionein (MT), malondialdehyde, and Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-adenosine triphosphatase activity. A positive correlation relationship was found between the MT content and heavy metal accumulation in organism tissues.
Compensation of Breathing Motion Artifacts in Thoracic PET Images by Wavelet-Based Deconvolution (2006)

In biological imaging of thoracic tumors using FDG-PET, blurring due to breathing motion often significantly degrades the quality of the observed image, which then obscures the tumor boundary. The effect could be detrimental in small lesions. We demonstrate a deconvolution technique that combines patient-specific motion estimates of tissue trajectories with wavelet decomposition to compensate for breathing-motion induced artifacts. The lung motion estimates were obtained using a breathing model that maps spatial trajectories in CT data as a function of tidal volume and airflow measured by spirometry. Initial results showed good improvement in the spatial resolution, especially in the direction of major lung motion (craniocaudal) on phantom data as well as on clinical data with large or small tumors
3D Post-Stack Multiple Attenuation via Pattern Recognition - a Land Carbonate Case Study (2001)

IM-4 3D POST-STACK MULTIPLE ATTENUATION VIA PATTERN RECOGNITION – A LAND CARBONATE CASE STUDY Summary 1 This paper discusses a de-multiple technique that aims at removing only the multiple energy (surface related and internal) associated with specified primary events and generated by an identified mechanism. A “model” of the targeted noise event is obtained post-stack using a simple 1D earth assumption. Removal of the targeted multiple is achieved via a pattern recognition technique implemented in the frequency-space (f-xy) domain. The performance of this multiple elimination methodology is demonstrated using 3D seismic data from a land carbonate environment. A two-step process
Heterodyne photothermal spectroscopy of methane near 1651 nm inside hollow-core fiber using a bismuth-doped fiber amplifier (2021)

We present laser-based methane detection near 1651 nm inside an antiresonant hollow-core fiber (HCF) using photothermal spectroscopy (PTS). A bismuth-doped fiber amplifier capable of delivering up to more than 160 mW at 1651 nm is used to boost the PTS signal amplitude. The design of the system is described, and the impact of various experimental parameters (such as pump source modulation frequency, modulation amplitude, and optical power) on signal amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio is analyzed. Comparison with similar PTS/HCF-based systems is presented. With 1.3 m long HCF and a fiber amplifier for signal enhancement, this technique is capable of detecting methane at single parts-per-million levels, which makes this robust in-fiber sensing approach promising also for industrial applications such as, e.g., natural gas leak detection.
Highly Decorative, Lightweight Flexible Solar Cells for Automotive Applications (2019)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The strict CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emission limit for passenger cars have been set by US, EU, Japan, China and other countries. In order to meet the requirement, it is essential to develop an alternative power source for the future cars. Power generation by solar panels is a promising renewable energy candidate because the most environmentally friendly vehicles such as electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles are equipped with large-capacity batteries that can be charged with electricity generated by solar panels. The requirements for the solar panels are paintable with desired color and to be lightweight. In this study, we developed a simple lift-off process for producing colorful and lightweight Cu(In,Ga)Se&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (CIGS) solar cells for future automotive application. Our measurements show that the developed lift-off process can provide the lightweight solar panel that have nearly identical performance compared to that of the cell before the lift-off process. The colors were generated on the cells by coating the highly transparent automotive paint. We demonstrate a bright, uniform, and solid appearance on the solar cells with small output power reduction of less than 5% compared to the cells without the paintings for chromatic colors. We believe that the highly decorative and lightweight solar cells produced by the developed process can considerably increase the installable area of solar panel on passenger cars.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Vacancy growth and migration dynamics in atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride under electron beam irradiation (2011)

Abstract Atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) is investigated using aberration‐corrected ultra‐high resolution electron microscopy under 80 kV electron beam. This study focuses on the in situ formation, growth and migration of vacancies in h‐BN. This study also reveals interaction dynamics of edges and vacancies with adatoms and molecules under the electron beam. According to this investigation, boron monovacancies migrate through their second neighbor to reduce the surface energy of the membrane. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)