gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Antifungal Activity of KP-103, a Novel Triazole Derivative, and Its Therapeutic Efficacy against Experimental Plantar Tinea Pedis and Cutaneous Candidiasis in Guinea Pigs (2001)

The in vitro activity of KP-103, a novel triazole derivative, against pathogenic fungi that cause dermatomycoses and its therapeutic efficacy against plantar tinea pedis and cutaneous candidiasis in guinea pigs were investigated. MICs were determined by a broth microdilution method with morpholinepropanesulfonic acid-buffered RPMI 1640 medium for Candida species and with Sabouraud dextrose broth for dermatophytes and by an agar dilution method with medium C for Malassezia furfur. KP-103 was the most active of all the drugs tested against Candida albicans (geometric mean [GM] MIC, 0.002 microg/ml), other Candida species including Candida parapsilosis and Candida glabrata (GM MICs, 0.0039 to 0.0442 microg/ml), and M. furfur (GM MIC, 0.025 microg/ml). KP-103 (1% solution) was highly effective as a treatment for guinea pigs with cutaneous candidiasis and achieved mycological eradication in 8 of the 10 infected animals, whereas none of the imidazoles tested (1% solutions) was effective in even reducing the levels of the infecting fungi. KP-103 was as active as clotrimazole and neticonazole but was less active than lanoconazole and butenafine against Trichophyton rubrum (MIC at which 80% of isolates are inhibited [MIC(80)], 0.125 microg/ml) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (MIC(80), 0.25 microg/ml). However, KP-103 (1% solution) exerted therapeutic efficacy superior to that of neticonazole and comparable to those of lanoconazole and butenafine, yielding negative cultures for all samples from guinea pigs with plantar tinea pedis tested. This suggests that KP-103 has better pharmacokinetic properties in skin tissue than the reference drugs. Because the in vitro activity of KP-103, unlike those of the reference drugs, against T. mentagrophytes was not affected by hair as a keratinic substance, its excellent therapeutic efficacy seems to be attributable to good retention of its antifungal activity in skin tissue, in addition to its potency.
Catalytic decarbonylation of aldehydes using iron(II) porphyrin complexes, and the crystal structure of (5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphinato)bis(tri-n-butylphosphine)iron(II) (1988)

The complex (5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenylporphinato)bis(tri-n-butylphosphine)iron(II), 1, has been isolated in a triclinic crystal form, a = 12.499(3), b = 12.528(2), c = 12.039(2) Å, α = 116.39(1), β = 109.79(1), γ = 98.13(1)°, Z = 1, space group [Formula: see text]. The structure was solved by conventional heavy atom methods and was refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R = 0.060 and R w = 0.070 for 3551 reflections with I ≥ 3σ(I). The molecule, which has crystallographic [Formula: see text], symmetry, displays a relatively undistorted pseudo-octahedral coordination geometry with Fe—P = 2.346(1) and Fe—N = 1.998(3) and 1.993(3) Å. In CH 2 Cl 2 solution, 1 reacts with CO and aldehydes to generate the carbonyl(phosphine) derivative, and decarbonylation of phenylacetaldehyde to toluene becomes catalytic under an Ar stream. The aldehyde decarbonylations involve radical pathways via carbonyl loss from [Formula: see text]. The hydrogen abstraction/initiation reaction probably utilizes trace O 2 (and possibly trace (water); speculative mechanisms are discussed.
Electrical Voltage Control of the Pressure-Induced Spin Transition at Room Temperature in the Microporous 3D Polymer [Fe(pz)Pt(CN)4] (2019)

Fine control and direct monitoring of the spin crossover properties driven by pressure at room temperature are reported for the porous three-dimensional coordination polymer {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN)4]} by using a homemade pressure cell that transforms a DC voltage into pressure. The pressure induced spin state switching is steadily driven through a piezoelectric ceramic element, which transforms the voltage 1−4 kV in pressures in the 0.001−0.035 GPa range. At the same time, the spin state is easily monitored through changes in the optical spectra of the title compound. The results demonstrate that {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN)4]} responds to as small pressure variations as 0.001 GPa (10 atm), thereby proving its efficacy to work as an effective pressure sensor.
Xylitol Production by aCorynebacteriumSpecies (1973)

The washed cells of a gluconate-utilizing Corynebacterium strain grown in a gluconate- xylose medium produced xylitol from D-xylose in the presence of gluconate. The amount of xylitol was progressively increased with increasing gluconate concentration. An extract of cells grown in the gluconate-xylose medium showed NADPH-dependent D-xylose reductase activity and NADP-dependent 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity. These enzymes in the cell-free extract were purified by Sephadex G–100 gel filtration. The reduction of D-xylose to xylitol was demonstrated by the coupling the D-xylose reductase activity to the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity with NADP as a cofactor using the cell-free extract and the fractionated enzymes.
Production of nitric monoxide using pulsed discharges for a medical application (2000)

Nitric monoxide (NO) is widely used in medical treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The production of NO is of interest to the medical community. In the present work, NO is generated by pulsed discharges between two rod electrodes in a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen. An arc discharge having a temperature of about 10000 K was produced, which was sufficient to generate NO. Some of the important parameters affecting the production of NO have been investigated. These include the percentage of O/sub 2/ (6-94%) in the mixture of Na and O/sub 2/, the energy of the discharge (0.5-12 J/pulse), the pulse repetition rate (0.54.5 pps) and the flow rate (1.35-5.4 l/min) of the gas mixture. NO/sub 2/ produced in the discharge was successfully changed to NO using a heated molybdenum tube, NO/sub 2/ must be extracted from the gas before clinical inhalation. The concentration of ozone was completely eliminated by bubbling the gas mixture through water. A maximum of NO and a minimum of NO/sub 2/ concentrations were generated when the proportion of O/sub 2/ in the gas mixture was in the range of 20-27%. The concentrations of NO and NO/sub 2/ increased with increasing pulse repetition rate and with decreasing flow rate of the mixture. In all cases, No/sub 2/ was effectively removed using a heated molybdenum tube.
Adaptive neighbor discovery for mobile and low power wireless sensor networks (2012)

Wireless Sensor Networks are by nature highly dynamic and communication between sensors is completely ad hoc, especially when mobile devices are part of the setup. Numerous protocols and applications proposed for such networks operate on the assumption that knowledge of the neighborhood is a priori available to all nodes. As a result, WSN deployments need to use or implement from scratch a neighborhood discovery mechanism. In this work we present a new protocol based on adaptive periodic beacon exchanges. We totally avoid continuous beaconing by adjusting the rate of broadcasts using the concept of consistency over the understanding of neighborhood that nearby devices share. We propose, implement and evaluate our adaptive neighborhood discovery protocol over our experimental testbed and using large scale simulations. Our results indicate that the new protocol operates more efficiently than existing reference implementations while it provides valid information to applications that use it. Extensive performance evaluation indicates that it successfully reduces generated network traffic by 90% and increases network lifetime by 20% compared to existing mechanisms that rely on continuous beaconing.
Synthesis of 1-((S)-3-acetylthio-2-methylpropanoyl)-L-propyl-L-phenylalanine (alacepril) and one of its active metabolites, the desacetyl derivative (DU-1227). (1990)

The synthesis of 1-((S)-3-acetylthio-2-methylpropanoyl)-L-prolyl-L-phenylalanine 1 (alacepril, code name : DU-1219), a clinically used antihypertensive agent, and one of its active metabolites, 1-((S)-3-mercapto-2-methylpropanoyl)-L-prolyl-L-phenylalanine 2 (code name : DU-1227), is described. The application of chloral to the N-formylation of L-proline is also described. The presence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond in the trans conformer of 1 in solution is suggested on the basis of spectroscopic examinations of 1 and its ethyl ester 4.
miR21 modulates the Hippo signaling pathway via interference with PP2A Bβ to inhibit trophoblast invasion and cause preeclampsia (2022)

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific disorder attributed to deficient extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion into the uterus, but the mechanism of EVT invasion remains unclear. In this study, we found significantly elevated expression of microRNA 21 (miR21), which negatively regulates trophoblast invasion and migration, in preeclamptic placentae. Whole-genome RNA sequencing revealed that <i>PPP2R2B</i>, which encodes PP2A Bβ, and the Hippo pathway are downstream targets of miR21. The effects of miR21 on trophoblast mobility were abolished in LATS1<sup>T1079A/S909A</sup> and YAP-5SA mutants. Moreover, we found that PP2A Bβ dephosphorylates LATS1 via direct protein-protein interactions and thus modulates the phosphorylation and subcellular distribution of YAP. <i>PPP2R2B</i> overexpression ameliorated the miR21-induced LATS1-YAP phosphorylation and cytoplasmic sequestration of YAP, which resulted in the rescue of compromised trophoblast invasion and migration. The upregulation of placental miR21 abundance by placenta-specific nanoparticles loaded with agomir-miR21 during placentation interfered with <i>PPP2R2B</i> and activated the Hippo pathway in the placenta, leading to a PE-like phenotype. Thus, aberrant elevation of miR21 impairs EVT mobility by modulating the PP2A Bβ/Hippo axis, which is one of the causes of PE.
Defining the Critical Period for Neocortical Neurogenesis after Pediatric Brain Injury (2010)

Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant and underappreciated societal problem. Whereas many TBI studies have evaluated the mechanisms of cell death after TBI, fewer studies have evaluated the extent to which regeneration is occurring. Here we used a cryoinjury model to damage the somatosensory cortex of rats at postnatal day 6 (P6), P10 and P21. We evaluated the production of new neocortical neurons using a combination of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling combined with staining for doublecortin (DCX). BrdU+/DCX+ bipolar cells were observed adjacent to the neocortical lesion, with their processes oriented perpendicular to the pial surface. As the animals aged, both the overall proliferative response as well as the production of neocortical neuroblasts diminished, with P6 animals responding most robustly, P10 animals less strongly, and P21 animals showing a very modest proliferative response and virtually no evidence of neocortical neurogenesis. When BrdU was administered at increasingly delayed intervals after the injury at P6, there was a clear difference in the number of new neuroblasts produced as a function of age, with the greatest number of new neocortical neurons produced between 4 and 7 days after the injury. These studies demonstrate that the immature brain has the capacity to produce neocortical neurons after traumatic injury, but this capacity diminishes as the brain continues to develop. Furthermore, in contrast to moderate hypoxic/ischemic brain damage in the P6 rat, where neurogenesis persists for at least 2 months, the response to cryoinjury is quite different as the neurogenic response diminishes over time.
Controlled Synthesis of CeO2 Flower-Like and Well-Aligned Nanorod Hierarchical Architectures by a Phosphate-Assisted Hydrothermal Route (2008)

Large-scale CeO2 hierarchical architectures composed of well-aligned nanorods were controllably prepared through a simple Na3PO4 assisted hydrothermal reaction without any templates. The products were characterized with X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the CeO2 architectures are in flower-like and vertically aligned nanorod morphologies and composed of numerous fluorite cubic single-crystalline nanorods of 20−40 nm in diameter and lengths of up to several micrometers. The possible mechanism for the nanostructures formation was discussed.
Another Decade, Another Coronavirus (2020)

For the third time in as many decades, a zoonotic coronavirus has crossed species to infect human populations. This virus, provisionally called 2019-nCoV, was first identified in Wuhan, China, in p...
Human System Interface Design and Operators Cognitive Strategies (2008)

This paper focuses on the influence of Human-System Interface (HSI) design on nuclear power operators' actual work. During plant normal operation, operators' work comprises activities like monitoring, the use of procedures, cooperation mechanisms, and cognitive strategies for problem solving and decision-making. The work is characterized by constant changes in the focus of attention and the dynamics of conflicting activities. This paper explores the relationships between the operators' cognitive strategies and the constraints imposed by the HSI. The method employed for data collection was a field study during the operators' actual work in the plant control room. Our findings show that the HSI introduces background noise in the plant operation that shapes actions and decisions made by the operators.
Physicochemical composition and fatty acid profile of milk from F1 Holstein x Zebu cows fed with increasing concentrations of urea (2015)

&lt;p&gt;We evaluated the physicochemical composition and fatty acid profile of milk from F1 Holstein &lt;strong&gt;× &lt;/strong&gt;Zebu cows that were fed increasing levels of urea (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%, corresponding to 0%, 0.92%, 1.84% and 2.77% CP as NPN) as a substitute for soybean meal. Eight lactating F1 Holstein &lt;strong&gt;× &lt;/strong&gt;Zebu cows producing an average of 10 kg of milk per day corrected to 3.5% fat, were placed in two 4 &lt;strong&gt;× &lt;/strong&gt;4 Latin squares (4 animals, 4 diets and 4 periods). Each experimental period lasted 18 days. Milk samples from each cow were collected from morning and afternoon milkings and analyzed for composition and fatty acid concentration. Milk urea nitrogen increased linearly (P &amp;lt; 0.05) with increasing dietary urea. Other variables including fat content, protein, fixed mineral residues, lactose, total nonfat solids, acidity, density, casein, cryoscopic index, somatic cell count, and milk fatty acid concentrations, were not affected by treatment. Thus, urea provides a viable alternative to soybean meal that does not affect the characteristics of milk from primiparous F1 Holstein &lt;strong&gt;× &lt;/strong&gt;Zebu cows, producing up to 10 kg of milk corrected to 3.5% fat day-1.&lt;/p&gt;
High-throughput assay for G2 checkpoint inhibitors and identification of the structurally novel compound isogranulatimide. (1998)

Treatment of cancer cells lacking p53 function with G2 checkpoint inhibitors sensitizes them to the toxic effects of DNA damage and has been proposed as a strategy for cancer therapy. However, few inhibitors are known, and they have been found serendipitously. We report the development of a G2 checkpoint inhibition assay that is suitable for high-throughput screening and its application to a screen of 1300 natural extracts. We present the isolation of a new G2 checkpoint inhibitor, the structurally novel compound isogranulatimide. In combination with gamma-irradiation, isogranulatimide selectively kills MCF-7 cells lacking p53 function.
How Many Antimicrobial Peptide Molecules Kill a Bacterium? The Case of PMAP-23 (2014)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) kill bacteria mainly through the perturbation of their membranes and are promising compounds to fight drug resistance. Models of the mechanism of AMPs-induced membrane perturbation were developed based on experiments in liposomes, but their relevance for bacterial killing is debated. We determined the association of an analogue of the AMP PMAP-23 to Escherichia coli cells, under the same experimental conditions used to measure bactericidal activity. Killing took place only when bound peptides completely saturated bacterial membranes (10(6)-10(7) bound peptides per cell), indicating that the "carpet" model for the perturbation of artificial bilayers is representative of what happens in real bacteria. This finding supports the view that, at least for this peptide, a microbicidal mechanism is possible in vivo only at micromolar total peptide concentrations. We also showed that, notwithstanding their simplicity, liposomes represent a reliable model to characterize AMPs partition in bacterial membranes.
Modelling of the 4-axis kinematic manipulator airarm driven by pneumatic muscle actuators (2009)

This paper presents the dynamic modelling of a 4-axis manipulator arm driven by pneumatic muscle actuators. This manipulator, named AirArm, was developed within a research project of Festo's Bio Learning Network 2008. The modelling of the pneumatic and mechanical components of the system is required for the design of the control structure and the determination of the control parameters as well as for the analysis of the system performance. The first part of the paper describes a model, which considers the important effects of the pneumatic plant and the highly nonlinear behavior of the pneumatic muscle. In this context, a readily invertible mathematical model that describes the force-pressure relationship of the muscle will be presented. A description of the kinematic system of the manipulator using Lagrangian mechanics will be presented in the second part of the paper.
Photoemission from Si Induced by an Internal Electric Field (1960)

External photoelectric emission from silicon with a threshold of response corresponding to the band gap (1.05 ev) has been observed from a back biased $p\ensuremath{-}n$ junction which had received a cesium surface treatment. This emission current is proportional to the intensity of the incident light. The spectral distribution of this field induced photoemission has been simply related to the spectral distribution of the fundamental absorption of silicon.
Injection Locking Techniques for Spectrum Analysis (2011)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Timothy D. Gathma, James F. Buckwalter; Injection Locking Techniques for Spectrum Analysis. AIP Conference Proceedings 19 April 2011; 1339 (1): 44–55. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3574843 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Measuring the influence of social networks on information diffusion on blogspheres (2009)

As a typical social media in Web 2.0 era, blogs have become more and more important to information diffusion. Different from the traditional news, the information spread on blogs is primarily driven by users and their relations. According to this phenomenon, this paper addresses the novel problem of measuring the influence of social structures on information diffusion. This paper extracts the hidden communities and information diffusion networks on blogs, and proposes a novel quantitative measurement to investigate the influence of social networks structure on diffusion networks. The proposed methods measure the influence by utilizing a simple but effective graph similarity measuring method. The experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms and measurements, and discover the correlation between social networks and the diffusion of the ldquointerestrdquo topics, which indicates the necessity of using social structures for information detection and tracking on blogs.
[Regulation of food intake by gastrointestinal peptides]. (2009)

Short-term regulation of food intake controls what, when and how much we eat during a single day or a meal, and is regulated by mechanical stimulation and release of peptides in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Both composition and structure of food affect peptide release. Many of these peptides inhibit also GI motility. Macronutrients stimulate GI peptides in different ways. Of special interest are the peptides ghrelin, cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY. The amount of existing literature is, however, limited, and the results somewhat contradictory, which makes it challenging to make conclusions about the exact role of different macronutrients.
Enhancing cardiovascular research with whole-organ imaging (2021)

Historically, cardiovascular research has relied heavily on histological analyses that use tissue sections, which usually sample cellular phenotypes in small regions and lack information on whole tissue-level organization. This approach can be modified to survey whole organs but image acquisition and analysis time can become unreasonable. In recent years, whole-organ immunolabeling and clearing methods have emerged as a workable solution, and new microscopy modalities, such as light-sheet microscopy, significantly improve image acquisition times. These innovations make studying the vasculature in the context of the whole organ widely available and promise to reveal fascinating new cellular behaviors in adult tissues and during repair.
On the scalability of adjustable high-order mode fiber dispersion compensators (2003)

We present a study of loss and MPI contributions from various components in adjustable dispersion compensators utilizing HOM fibers. We demonstrate this technology scalability to offer fine dispersion tuning granularity while maintaining low loss and low MPI characteristics.
2A2-K10 Application of gear box for multi-motion using one motor(Mechanism and Control for Actuator) (2011)

We have proposed a mechanism that enables an output axis change and the selected output axis drive using only one motor. In this paper, the mechanism is applied for mobile robot, which enables the robot move on two-dimensional field. First, the way how the axes are connected with is considered. Next, the robot with proposed mechanism is made by pulley and rubber belt, and examined by experiments. As a result, some problems appear. Finally, the solution approach is introduced.
Dynamic prediction scheduling for virtual machine placement via ant colony optimization (2015)

Virtual machine (VM) scheduling with load balancing in cloud computing aims to allocate VMs to suitable physical machines (PM) and balance the resource usage among all of the PMs. Correct scheduling of cloud hosts is necessary to develop efficient scheduling strategies to appropriately allocate VMs to physical resources. In this regard the use of dynamic forecast of resource usage in each PM can improve the VM scheduling problem. This paper combines ant colony optimization (ACO) and VM dynamic forecast scheduling (VM_DFS), called virtual machine dynamic prediction scheduling via ant colony optimization (VMDPS-ACO), to solve the VM scheduling problem. In this algorithm through analysis of historical memory consumption in each PM, future memory consumption forecast of VMs on that PM and the efficient allocation of VMs on the cloud infrastructure is performed. We experimented the proposed algorithm using Matlab. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with VM_DFS. VM_DFS algorithm exploits first fit decreasing (FFD) scheme using corresponding types (i.e. queuing the list of VMs increasingly, decreasingly or randomly) to schedule VMs and assign them to suitable PMs. We experimented the proposed algorithm in both homogeneous and heterogeneous mode. The results indicate, VMDPS-ACO produces lower resource wastage than VM_DFS in both homogenous and heterogeneous modes and better load balancing among PMs.