gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument: One-dimensional power spectrum from first Lyman-$α$ forest samples with Fast Fourier Transform (2023)

We present the one-dimensional Lyman-$α$ forest power spectrum measurement using the first data provided by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). The data sample comprises $26,330$ quasar spectra, at redshift $z &gt; 2.1$, contained in the DESI Early Data Release and the first two months of the main survey. We employ a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) estimator and compare the resulting power spectrum to an alternative likelihood-based method in a companion paper. We investigate methodological and instrumental contaminants associated to the new DESI instrument, applying techniques similar to previous Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) measurements. We use synthetic data based on log-normal approximation to validate and correct our measurement. We compare our resulting power spectrum with previous SDSS and high-resolution measurements. With relatively small number statistics, we successfully perform the FFT measurement, which is already competitive in terms of the scale range. At the end of the DESI survey, we expect a five times larger Lyman-$α$ forest sample than SDSS, providing an unprecedented precise one-dimensional power spectrum measurement.
SQL Azure as a Self-Managing Database Service: Lessons Learned and Challenges Ahead. (2011)

When SQL Azure was released in August 2009, it was the first database service of its kind along multiple axes, compared to other Cloud services: shared nothing architecture and log-based replication; support for full ACID properties; providing consistency and high availability; and by offering near 100% compatibility with on-premise SQL Server delivered a familiar programming model at cloud scale. Today, just over two years later, the service has grown to span six hosting regions across three continents; hosting large numbers of databases (in the order 100s of thousands), increasing more than 5x each year with 10s of thousands of subscribers. It is a very busy service, clocking more than 30 million successful logins over a 24 hour period. In this paper we reflect on the lessons learned, and the challenges we will need to face in future, in order to take the SQL Azure service to the next level of scale, performance, satisfaction for the end user, and profitability for the service provider.
Effet du cycocel sur la feuille drapeau du ble tendre d'hiver. (1991)

National audience
Hypericin‐PDT‐induced rapid necrotic death in human squamous cell carcinoma cultures after multiple treatment (2012)

PDT (photodynamic therapy) has been used for the treatment of NMCC (non-melanoma cutaneous cancer) particularly, human SCC (squamous cell carcinoma). However, the nature of the photosensitizer, the activation light source and the mode of cell death induced post-PDT remains elusive. We tried to optimize PDT using the light-activated (320-400 nm) St John's Wort-derived compound, Hyp (hypericin). The work highlights the potential mode of cell death and the increased efficacy of the technique associated with multiple Hyp-PDT treatment. SCC cells were exposed to different concentrations of Hyp and activated with light at 1 J/cm2 for 1 or 2 days. Thereafter with the optimum dose of Hyp proliferation, ROS (reactive oxygen species), and apoptosis were analysed by XTT [2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide] assay, FACS analysis and Fluorescent/Phase contrast microscopy was carried out for morphological studies. Hyp-PDT produces more ROS after 1 day compared with 2 days and the mode of cell death is a necrotic caspase-independent mechanism. We propose a novel 'double-hit/2-day' strategy to reduce the viability in SCC using Hyp-based PDT as an adjunctive treatment modality.
Regret-based utility elicitation in constraint-based decision problems (2005)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00525551.
Hypoxia‐induced irreversible S‐phase arrest involves down‐regulation of cyclin A (2003)

We have studied hypoxia-induced cell cycle arrest in human cells where the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor protein (pRB) is either functional (T-47D cells) or abrogated by expression of the HPV18 E7 oncoprotein (NHIK 3025 cells). All cells in S phase are immediately arrested upon exposure to extreme hypoxia. During an 18-h extreme hypoxia regime, the cyclin A protein level is down-regulated in cells of both types when in S-phase, and, as we have previously shown, pRB re-binds in the nuclei of all T-47D cells (Amellem et al. 1996). Hence, pRB is not necessary for the down-regulation of cyclin A during hypoxia. However, our findings indicate that re-oxygenation cannot release pRB from its nuclear binding following this prolonged exposure. The result is permanent S-phase arrest even after re-oxygenation, and this is correlated with a complete and permanent down-regulation of cyclin A in the pRB functional T-47D cells. In contrast, both cell cycle arrest and cyclin A down-regulation in S phase are reversed upon re-oxygenation in non-pRB-functional NHIK 3025 cells after prolonged exposure to extreme hypoxia. Our results indicate that pRB is involved in permanent S-phase arrest and down-regulation of cyclin A after extreme hypoxia.
Grafting of Ion-Imprinted Polymers on the Surface of Silica Gel Particles through Covalently Surface-Bound Initiators:  A Selective Sorbent for Uranyl Ion (2007)

A new ion imprinted polymer coated silica gel sorbent has been prepared using the radical "grafting from" polymerization method through surface-bound azo initiators for selective uranyl uptake. The introduction of azo initiator onto the silica surface was achieved by the reaction of surface amino groups with 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanopentanoic acid chloride). The grafting step was then carried out in a stirred solution of initiator-modified silica particles in the presence of uranyl ion and functional and cross-linking monomers. The prepared sorbent was characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis (EA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and BET adsorption isotherm analysis. The influence of the uranyl concentration, pH, and flow rate of solution on the grafted polymer affinity has been investigated. Maximum uptake of uranyl ion was observed at a pH 3.0. The rebinding behavior of the sorbent has been successfully described by the Langmuir-Freundlich isotherm. The dynamic column capacity of sorbent and enrichment factor for uranyl ion were 52.9 +/- 3.4 micromol g(-1) and 52, respectively. It was found that imprinting results in increased affinity of the sorbent toward uranyl ion over strong competitor metal ions such as Fe(III) and Th(IV). The sorbent was repeatedly used and regenerated for 3 months without any significant decrease in polymer binding affinities. Finally the sorbent was applied to the preconcentration and determination of uranyl ion in real water samples.
Ordered Two-Dimensional Monolayers of Au55 Clusters (2000)

Simply dipping polyethyleneimine-modified surfaces into aqueous solutions of acid-functionalized Au55 clusters generates two-dimensional hexagonal and cubic arrangements of the clusters. The picture shows the transmission electron micrograph of the cubic arrangement; the bar length corrsponds to 10 nm.
Investigational drugs in Phase I and Phase II for Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (2017)

Prolonged treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) with levodopa (L-DOPA) results in motor complications, including motor fluctuations and involuntary movements known as L-DOPA induced dyskinesias (LIDs). LIDs represent an additional cause of disability for PD patients and a major challenge for the clinical neurologist. Preclinical research has provided invaluable insights into the molecular and neural substrates of LIDs, identifying a number of potential targets for new anti-dyskinetic strategies. Areas covered: This review article is centered on drugs currently in Phase I and II clinical trials for LIDs and their relative pharmacological targets, which include glutamate, acetylcholine, serotonin, adrenergic receptors and additional targets of potential therapeutic interest. Expert opinion: LIDs are sustained by complex molecular and neurobiological mechanisms that are difficult to disentangle or target, unless one or more prevalent mechanisms are identified. In this context, the role of the serotonergic system and mGluR5 glutamate receptors seem to stand out. Interesting results have been obtained, for example, with partial 5-HT1A/5-HT1B receptor agonist eltoprazine and mGluR5 negative allosteric modulator dipraglurant. Confirmation of these results through large-scale, Phase III clinical trials will be needed, to obtain new pharmacological tools that may be used to optimize the treatment of PD patients with motor complications.
Outcome of elderly DLBCL patients with 6xCHOP-14 and 8 rituximab (R) applications given over an extended period (SMARTE-R-CHOP-14 trial of the DSHNHL). (2012)

8025 Background: 6xCHOP-14 with 8xR given over an extended period improved 3-year EFS (67% vs. 54%; p=0.030) and OS (80% vs. 67%, p=0.034) of poor-prognosis patients (IPI=3-5) in the SMARTE-R trial compared to the RICOVER-60 trial where patients received 8xR every 2 weeks. Because we had recently shown (Mueller et al., Blood 2012) that elderly male patients have a faster R clearance (12.68 ml/h vs. 8.21 ml/h; p=0.003) and shorter serum elimination half life (t 1/2ß =24.7 vs. t 1/2ß =30.7 days; p=0.003) than females, we analyzed whether these differences translated into different outcomes by comparing the results achieved by elderly female and male patients in the RICOVER-60 and SMARTE-R trials. Methods: In SMARTE-R, 189 evaluable elderly (61-80 y) pts. with DLBCL received 6 cycles of 2-weekly CHOP-14 combined with 8xR on days -4, -1, 10, 29, 57, 99, 155, and 239. The primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS). 306 pts treated within the RICOVER-60 trial with 6xCHOP-14 + 8 R given on days 1, 15, 29, 43, 57, 71, 85 and 99 served as controls. Results: The 3-year EFS of 51 poor-prognosis male patients in SMARTE-R was 67% compared to 47% of 66 poor-prognosis male patients treated in RICOVER-60 (p=0.037); the respective figures were 71% vs. 53% (p=0.051) for PFS and 80% vs. 60% (p=0.027) for OS. In contrast, female poor-risk patients had only a small benefit from the extended rituximab exposure in SMARTE-R (n=48) compared to RICOVER-60 (n=57): 67% vs. 61% (p=0.354) for EFS; 71% vs. 67% (p=0.489) for PFS; and 80% vs. 76% (p=0.528) for OS. Conclusions: Elderly male patients with poor-prognosis DLBCL who have a faster R clearance and shorter R serum elimination half life than female patients, benefit significantly from the longer R exposure in SMARTE-R with a gain of 20% in 3-year OS, while the outcome of female patients was only slightly improved. Even though R maintenance has failed to demonstrate any benefit in the primary treatment of DLBCL to date, these results underline the importance of a minimum exposure time of R in order to exploit its full therapeutic potential in DLBCL. Supported by Deutsche Krebshilfe.
Real Things (2002)

Discourse (language organized into sets of texts) and discourses (systems of statements within and through those sets) have a power. To say this is not to attribute agency to a system, but simply to acknowledge constraining and productive forces. There are forces of institutional disadvantage and division, for example, which do not flow from individual intentions, and the phenomena of power and ideology need not be traced to conspiratorial machinations. It would be dangerous to attempt to do so, and the unpleasant consequences particularly difficult to challenge if such investigation proceeded under cover of objective science. Discourse analysis unravels the conceptual elisions and confusions by which language enjoys its power. It is implicit ideology-critique But there is more than language, and discourse analysis needs attend to the conditions which make the meanings of texts, and the research project which takes them seriously, possible.
Influence of stent surface topography on the outcomes of patients undergoing coronary stenting: A randomized double-blind controlled trial (2005)

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between stent surface topography and outcome in patients undergoing implantation of stents with rough and smooth surfaces. Surface topography is considered an important determinant of the bare stent performance. Specifically designed rough surface may increase the drug-storing capacity of stents but its direct impact on the risk of thrombosis and restenosis is not known. A total of 200 patients with significant stenosis in native coronary vessels were randomly assigned in a double-blind way to receive either a rough or a smooth-surface stent. The primary endpoint of the study was late lumen loss. Secondary endpoints included angiographic restenosis and clinical outcomes. The study was designed to test the equivalence of rough-surface stents to smooth-surface stents with respect to late lumen loss based on a noninferiority margin of 0.20 mm. Follow-up angiography was performed in 77% of the patients. Late lumen loss was 1.0 ± 0.7 mm in the rough-surface stent group and 1.2 ± 0.7 mm in the smooth stent surface group with a mean difference of −0.20 mm (95% CI = −0.43 to 0.02) between the two stents (P < 0.001 from test for equivalence and P = 0.08 from test for superiority). Angiographic restenosis rates were 25% with rough-surface stents and 35% with smooth-surface stents (P = 0.19). These results show that a rough stent surface does not increase late lumen loss after stent implantation as compared with a conventional smooth stent surface. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N,N′-Squaramides with High in Vivo Efficacy and Low Toxicity: Toward a Low-Cost Drug against Chagas Disease (2014)

Access to basic drugs is a major issue in developing countries. Chagas disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi is a paradigmatic example of a chronic disease without an effective treatment. Current treatments based on benznidazole and nifurtimox are expensive, ineffective, and toxic. N,N'-Squaramides are amide-type compounds that feature both hydrogen bond donor and acceptor groups and are capable of multiple interactions with complementary sites. When combined with amine and carboxylic groups, squaramide compounds have increased solubility and therefore make suitable therapeutic agents. In this work, we introduce a group of Lipinski's rule of five compliant squaramides as candidates for treating Chagas disease. The in vivo studies confirmed the positive expectations arising from the preliminary in vitro studies, revealing compound 17 to be the most effective for both acute and chronic phases. The activity, stability, low cost of starting materials, and straightforward synthesis make amino squaramides appropriate molecules for the development of an affordable anti-Chagasic agent.
Structure-activity relations in reactivators of organophosphorus-inhibited acetylcholinesterase. 10. Hydroxyiminomethylarylethenylpyridine methiodides (1975)

The synthesis of styrylpyridine methiodides where a hydrogen of the pyridyl moiety was replaced by the hydroxyiminomethyl group produced highly effective inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. As starting materials 4-methylpyridine-2-aldoxime and 2-methylpyridine-4-aldoxime methiodides were prepared which, together with 4-imidazolylethenyl-pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide, were the only substances for which some activity as reactivators of phosphorylated electric eel cholinesterase in vitro could also be found.
P1–375: Efficacy and usability of a brain‐computer interface system in improving cognition in the elderly (2013)

Computerized cognitive trainings have been shown to be helpful in improving cognitive functions in mildly cognitive impaired (MCI) elderly and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (Gaitan et al., 2012; Herrera et al., 2012). However, as AD is an irreversible disease, some interventional researches are now focusing on preventing or delaying cognitive impairments in healthy elderly (Mozolic et al., 2011; Klusmann et al., 2010; Buschkuehl et al., 2008). Our recently developed Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) based-system is one of the first computerized cognitive training programs that incorporate an EEG neurofeed-forward feature with memory training that allows for personalized intervention to possibly prevent or delay the onset of MCI and even AD (clinicaltrials.gov identifier:NCT01661894). The aim of this study is to investigate the usability of this BCI system and determine preliminary evidence of efficacy. 31 healthy subjects (mean age=65.16 years) voluntarily participated in the study. They were randomized into intervention (N =15) and wait-list control groups (N =16). All subjects went through 24 sessions of 30-minute BCI training. Primary outcome was measured using the relevant domain scores of immediate memory, delayed memory and attention from the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Wilcoxon signed-ranked test revealed significant differences between pre and post treatment domain scores in immediate memory (Mdn pre =94.00, Mdn post =106.00, p<.05), delayed memory (Mdn pre =102.00, Mdn post =110.00, p<.05) and attention (Mdn pre =106.00, Mdn post =112.00, p<.05). Mann-Whitney U test also reported better improvements in the intervention group(M I) compared to wait-list control(M C) in immediate memory (M I =18.40, M C =13.75, U =84, p =.16), delayed memory (M I =17.75, M C =14.53, U =96.50, p =.36) and attention (M I =16.73, M C =15.31, U =109.00, p =.68), although the differences were not statistically significant. A 7-point Likert-like Usability Questionnaire was administered at the end of the study. The results indicated high level of satisfaction with the usability of the BCI system (M =6.55, SD =.68). The BCI system has shown efficacy signals in enhancing cognitive functions in healthy elderly post treatment, and subjects have indicated satisfactory usability. Future studies could recruit a greater number of participants with broader recruitment criteria to improve the generalizability of the results. The efficiency of such a system could be investigated in subjects who have started to develop slight cognitive impairment.
ChemInform Abstract: Marine Polar Steroids (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of melting, refining and casting on product quality and properties (2007)

AbstractAbstractThe 16th Annual Conference of the Sheffield Metallurgical and Engineering Association (SMEA), held on 4 and 5 July 2007 at Tapton Hall, University of Sheffield, UK attracted 120 delegates. The aim was to explore the effect of primary processes on the quality and performance of a range of steels, titanium alloys and nickel based superalloys. Attention focused on secondary steelmaking and continuous casting and on vacuum remelting processes, exploring how these are related to product quality and properties. The five sessions comprised 22 presentations.
Thermal Management of Hybrid Silicon Ring Lasers for High Temperature Operation (2015)

We discuss the thermal management of microring lasers on hybrid silicon platform in order to optimize their high-temperature lasing performance. The thermal impedance of microring lasers was improved with a novel thermal shunt design. We report a significant improvement of hybrid silicon microring laser performance, with the maximum continuous wave lasing stage temperature up to 105 °C.
Localization of the sources of the EEG: verification of the spatio-temporal decomposition approach (2002)

A new approach to the localization of the sources of the human electroencephalogram (EEG) is based on the spatial-temporal decomposition of the EEG data matrix. Estimation of the locations of the sources then involves attempting to find the rotation of a subset of the spatial components of this decomposition that produces images of model sources on the scalp. The main appeal of this approach would appear to be that the sources of the EEG can localized one at a time irrespective of the number that are actually active. In this work, this property is verified by simulation using a conductive sphere model of the head and current dipoles as models of the sources. The effect of the arrangement of the electrodes in the EEG recording array on the reliability of the predicted source locations is also examined.
Global Burden of Atrial Fibrillation in Developed and Developing Nations (2014)

Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder in the world, with major public health impact especially due to increased risk of stroke and hospitalizations. The recently published results on epidemiology of atrial fibrillation from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study confirm the existence of a significant and progressive worldwide increase in the burden of atrial fibrillation. However, there appears to be regional variation in both the burden of atrial fibrillation and availability of epidemiological data regarding this condition. In this review, the authors identify issues that are unique to the developed versus developing regions and outline a road map for possible approaches to surveillance, management, and prevention of atrial fibrillation at the global level.
Recent Advances in Fluorescent Arylboronic Acids for Glucose Sensing (2013)

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is crucial in order to avoid complications caused by change in blood glucose for patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. The long-term consequences of high blood glucose levels include damage to the heart, eyes, kidneys, nerves and other organs, among others, caused by malign glycation of vital protein structures. Fluorescent monitors based on arylboronic acids are promising candidates for optical CGM, since arylboronic acids are capable of forming arylboronate esters with 1,2-cis-diols or 1,3-diols fast and reversibly, even in aqueous solution. These properties enable arylboronic acid dyes to provide immediate information of glucose concentrations. Thus, the replacement of the commonly applied semi-invasive and non-invasive techniques relying on glucose binding proteins, such as concanavalin A, or enzymes, such as glucose oxidase, glucose dehydrogenase and hexokinases/glucokinases, might be possible. The recent progress in the development of fluorescent arylboronic acid dyes will be emphasized in this review.
Upright posture and cranial hemodynamics in humans and other “tall” animals (1990)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Temperature Reaction of 2‐Aminothiophenol with Acetylene. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
"Governor." (1941)

"Governor." Get access Richard Hussey Richard Hussey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 180, Issue 15, 12 April 1941, Page 259, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/180.15.259a Published: 12 April 1941