gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Instrument State Recognition and Tracking for Effective Control of Robotized Laparoscopic Systems (2016)

Surgical robots are an important component for delivering advanced paradigm shifting technology such as image guided surgery and navigation. However, for robotic systems to be readily adopted into the operating room they must be easy and convenient to control and facilitate a smooth surgical workflow. In minimally invasive surgery, the laparoscope may be held by a robot but controlling and moving the laparoscope remains challenging. It is disruptive to the workflow for the surgeon to put down the tools to move the robot in particular for solo surgery approaches. This paper proposes a novel approach for naturally controlling the robot mounted laparoscope’s position by detecting a surgical grasping tool and recognizing if its state is open or close. This approach does not require markers or fiducials and uses a machine learning framework for tool and state recognition which exploits naturally occurring visual cues. Furthermore a virtual user interface on the laparoscopic image is proposed that uses the surgical tool as a pointing device to overcome common problems in depth perception. Instrument detection and state recognition are evaluated on in-vivo and ex-vivo porcine datasets. To demonstrate the practical surgical application and real time performance the system is validated in a simulated surgical environment.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Retinoic Acid Induces p27<sup>Kip1</sup> Nuclear Accumulation by Modulating Its Phosphorylation (2023)

Supplementary Materials and Methods from Retinoic Acid Induces p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt; Nuclear Accumulation by Modulating Its Phosphorylation
Reviews: But is it Different in the South? (1986)

This book contains a selection of papers on the analysis of educational issues and the assessment of instructional innovations in Latin America. The papers report studies undertaken for thesis requirements in a master's degree program in science and mathematics education at the University of Campinas between 1975 and 1984. An explanation of the context and goals of the program is provided by D'Ambrósio, who supervised several of the candidates. In this review I focus on the papers that deal with the learning and teaching of mathematics and with the training of mathematics teachers.
The Alternatives to Restraints (1991)

Nurses frequently verbalize their ambivalence towards the use of restraints, but have lacked efforts to change or decrease the practice. The decision of whether to use restraints may be based on a perception of threat of safety to self or others, the staff's tolerance levels for behavior, a perception of short staffing, or a knowledge gap of alternative approaches. Ongoing assessment and monitoring changes in physical and cognitive functional abilities, with a carefully detailed plan of rehabilitative and restorative nursing, can deter staff's feelings of having to rely on restraint use for safety.
Visual Grounding of Route Descriptions in Dynamic Environments (1995)

A software agent who gives incremental, i.e. step-by-step, route descriptions while moving through an environment is an interesting starting-point for an integrated view on visual perception and natural language generation.We present a computational model, called MOSES.In particular we show how visual data is transformed into visuo-spatial representations.An object selection process based on visual features starts at a high-level description of objects in a synthetic three-dimensional environment.We found by experiments that incremental route descriptions can be classi ed by a small set of syntactic and semantic structures.By consideration of temporal constraints, visuo-spatial structures, path-related intentions, as well as rhetorical abilities of the speaker, a selection process extracts description schemata as input for the language generation process.These schemata are modeled by a modi ed subset of Jackendo 's conceptual semantics formalism.
Analysis of a Novel Stator Winding Structure Minimizing Harmonic Current and Torque Ripple for Dual Six-Step Converter-Fed High Power AC Machines (1995)

Many attempts have been made to expand the application of ac drives to high-power levels. One way to use ac drives at high-power levels is to use multiple power converters together to supply power to a large machine. For a multiple converter combination scheme, the six-step converter is competitive due to its robust structure and simplicity of control. In our previous study, an ac drive with dual stator windings fed by dual six-step converters was proposed. Two sets of electrically isolated windings are placed in the stator slots, and one set is shifted from the other by 30° in space. Two converters are used to power the dual windings, and the phase voltages from the two converters are also shifted 30° from each other in time. The 5th and 7th harmonics of the airgap flux and rotor currents are reduced dramatically, and the output torque from the drive is superior to that of the drive which is singly fed from a six-step converter. However, for each individual six-step converter, the 5th and 7th harmonic currents are found to be substantial and the functioning of the power converter evidently is deteriorated. In this paper, we propose a novel stator winding structure and control strategy to solve the converter problem. Principles associated with the new stator winding are discussed and a practical implementation presented.
<title>Retransmission-based error control in a many-to-many client-server environment</title> (2003)

Large-scale continuous media (CM) system implementations require scalable servers most likely built from clusters of storage nodes. Across such nodes random data placement is an attractive alternative to the traditional round-robin striping. One benefit of random placement is that additional nodes can be added with low data-redistribution overhead such that the system remains load balanced. One of the challenges in this environment is the implementation of a retransmission-based error control (RBEC) technique. Because data is randomly placed, a client may not know which server node to ask for a lost packet retransmission. We have designed and implemented a RBEC technique that utilizes the benefits of random data placement in a cluster server environment while allowing a client to efficiently identify the correct server node for lost packet requests. We have implemented and evaluated our technique with a one-, two-, and four-way server cluster and across local and wide-area networks. Our results show the feasibility and effectiveness of our approach in a real-world environment.
Fiberacoustic sensor embedded in a composite (1990)

This paper presents a discussion of multimode optical fibers used for acoustic wave (2–10 MHz) propagation. The optical fiber acts as a connecting rod between two piezoelectric transducers (PZT) that are attached at each end (dumbbell arrangement). This device is then completed by encapsulation of a solid epoxy or a strengthened composite. One piezoceramic is excited and generates an elastic wave to propagate along the optical fiber and into the other piezoceramic. An alteration of the steady-state signal thus is indicative of an impact and/or random pressure disturbances upon the composite. Additionally, environmental temperature changes are also detectable. Experimental measurement and related theories are demonstrated.
Experimental Design to Optimize Operating Conditions for SAGD Process, Peace River Oilsands, Alberta. (2011)

Abstract The SAGD process is a promising recovery method for producing heavy oils and bitumen resources. However, SAGD process has several economic risks including the high capital cost of initial investment for building ground facilities and uncertainties related to oil and gas prices. These risks may be critical in SAGD operation if the design for initial operating conditions is unsuitable. In order to ensure maximize profitability, optimal operation conditions should be evaluated by reservoir simulations. In this study, central composite design and response surface methodology (RSM) were applied to determining optimal conditions for SAGD process. It was aimed to mitigate the risk of incomprehensive economic assessment on the process operation. The study started with the central composite face-centered (CCF) design to screen variables, and then insignificant variables were excluded from the study before developing the optimal design by response surface method. A two-stage approach was employed based on the efficient local optimization. At first, an initial sample of design was obtained using design of experiment technique. Simulation runs for design points were used to estimate oil recovery as well as NPV for each case. Based on the standard of CCF design, total 28 cases was run to optimize the parameters of operating conditions and the NPV responses during 10 years of simulation period. Second, RSM was used to search for promising designs in contour plots and response surface map. The best choice of operating conditions for maximizing the NPV correspond to well pattern spacing of 78m, steam rate of 640 m3/d, injector producer spacing of 14m, injection pressure of 6330 kPa, subcool 8°C, respectively. Simulation results showed that cumulative oil for Fast-SAGD process does not significantly increase and even NPV is the lowest among the mentioned SAGD cases. In addition, cumulative oil recovery of SAGD1 base case is higher than those of SAGD2 and Fast-SAGD cases, as well as the lowest CSOR. However, in the economic point of view recognized that the case SAGD2 achieves the highest NPV, with the predicted values matched the experimental values reasonably well with R2 of 0.99 and Q2 of 0.88 for NPV response, while the NPV of Fast-SAGD process is the lowest because of the increasing capital cost for additional offset wells. Actually, the difference of 10kPa between steam injection pressure and reservoir pressure is not sufficient to increase the NPV for both Fast-SAGD and SAGD1 base case operations. The high cumulative oil is favorable conditions for accelerating profit, but oil and gas prices at that time is crucial to decide for operation conditions in heavy oil projects.
IC mask design : essential layout techniques (2002)

Chapter 1: Digital Layout Chapter 2: Standard Cell Techniques Chapter 3: Analog Layout Chapter 4: Parasitics Chapter 5: Matching Chapter 6: Noise Issues Chapter 7: Floorplanning Chapter 8: General Techniques Chapter 9: Packaging Chapter 10: Verification Chapter 11: Data Formats Case Study #1: CMOS Amplifier Case Study #2: Bipolar Mixer Beginnings The Four Engineers Outtakes Contact Us Suggested Readings and Resources Educational Programs Glossary Index
Fluids for Drilling and Cementing Shallow Water Flows (2000)

Abstract Industry experience has emphasized the necessity for quick detection and quick control of shallow water flows. Pressure While Drilling (PWD) instruments showing an increase in annular pressure when drilling riserless with seawater will indicate produced sand. Shallow, well-developed, clean, geo-pressured formations will produce very large quantities of brine during an uncontrolled drilling operation. Because of high fluid velocities and the unconsolidated nature of shallow formations, large volumes of produced sand — and subsequent borehole enlargement — should be expected. There are options for successfully drilling shallow water flow zones. A common scenario is to drill riserless with sea-water using high viscosity sweeps while also having kill fluid ready. If a saltwater flow occurs, evaluate the risk and cost scenarios of continuing to drill under-balanced versus containing the flow with large volumes of weighted fluids. This paper reviews a number of approaches using specialty fluids for drilling, along with their case histories. Hundreds of case histories have proven that foam cement is the preferred approach to cementing casing across shallow water flow zones. Benefits include but are not limited to (1) vastly-improved displacement efficiency; (2) flow-control owing to the fact that an expansive fluid is in place during the phase transition from a liquid slurry to a gel with strength sufficient to suppress water flows; (3) ease of on-location job modifications. However, specialized blends are often required so that the cement (foamed or non-foamed) will function as intended at the low temperatures encountered across these zones. Use of these blends can complicate material handling logistics, especially on rigs with limited bulk volume capacity. The paper discusses the benefits of an all-liquid additive approach that allows the use of any Class A or Class H neat cement that may be on a rig. The chemistry of the additive package produces a slurry with the same capacity to control shallow water flows as the specialty blends. Case histories of these systems will be discussed. The paper also discusses a decision flow chart designed to help the engineer better plan for controlling water flows related to drilling through shallow water flow environments.
Stock Price Delay of Korean Business Groups (2020)

This paper examines the stock price delay of Korean firms that belong to large business groups. We develop our hypothesis based on the contagion effect hypothesis and propping hypothesis. Using firms listed in the Korean stock market from 2001 to 2018, we construct stock price delay following Hou and Moskowitz(2005) and verify whether business group affiliation mitigates stock price delay. We further analyze how the global financial crisis affects the relation. Our empirical results reveal that business group affiliation alleviates stock price delay, consistent with the contagion effect hypothesis. We also find that the negative relationship between business group affiliation and stock price delay is lessened during the crisis. It tells us that under a negative macro impact, our results are consistent with the propping hypothesis rather than the contagion effect hypothesis. Our main results are intact whether we construct our delay measure using overall stock market price or industry-specific stock market price, and whether we implement pooled OLS or firm fixed effect. We also observe the same results when we measure stock price delay either in individual firm-level or in size-delay portfolio level.
p-Nitrobenzoate esters of epoxy alcohols: convenient synthons for water-soluble epoxy alcohols (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTp-Nitrobenzoate esters of epoxy alcohols: convenient synthons for water-soluble epoxy alcoholsSoo. Y. Ko, Hiroko Masamune, and K. Barry SharplessCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 4, 667–671Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00380a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00380a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views574Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Naprawa i wzmocnienie uszkodzonej przez korozję żelbetowej wieży granulacyjnej w zakładach azotowych (2007)

Wieża granulacyjna z prefabrykowanych elementów żelbetowych typu Monnoyer jest użytkowana około 50 lat. W konstrukcji wieży powstały uszkodzenia korozyjne wywołane długotrwałym oddziaływaniem agresywnego środowiska chemicznego. W referacie przedstawiono stan zagrożenia wywołany uszkodzeniami korozyjnymi oraz zastosowane naprawy i wzmocnienia przyjęte ze względu na przewidywany pięcioletni okres dalszej eksploatacji obiektu.
2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (2021)

The ESC Guidelines represent the views of the ESC and were produced after careful consideration of the scientific and medical knowledge and the evidence available at the time of their publication. The ESC is not responsible in the event of any contradiction, discrepancy and/or ambiguity between the ESC Guidelines and any other official recommendations or guidelines issued by the relevant public health authorities, in particular in relation to good use of healthcare or therapeutic strategies. Health professionals are encouraged to take the ESC Guidelines fully into account when exercising their clinical judgment, as well as in the determination and the implementation of preventive, diagnostic or therapeutic medical strategies; however, the ESC Guidelines do not override, in any way whatsoever, the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and accurate decisions in consideration of each patient's health condition and in consultation with that patient and, where appropriate and/or necessary, the patient's caregiver. Nor do the ESC Guidelines exempt health professionals from taking into full and careful consideration the relevant official updated recommendations or guidelines issued by the competent public health authorities, in order to manage each patient's case in light of the scientifically accepted data pursuant to their respective ethical and professional obligations. It is also the health professional's responsibility to verify the applicable rules and regulations relating to drugs and medical devices at the time of prescription.
Monitoring a Person's Heart Rate and Respiratory Rate on a Shared Bed Using Geophones (2017)

Using geophones to sense bed vibrations caused by ballistic force has shown great potential in monitoring a person's heart rate during sleep. It does not require a special mattress or sheets, and the user is free to move around and change position during sleep. Earlier work has studied how to process the geophone signal to detect heartbeats when a single subject occupies the entire bed. In this study, we develop a system called VitalMon, aiming to monitor a person's respiratory rate as well as heart rate, even when she is sharing a bed with another person. In such situations, the vibrations from both persons are mixed together. VitalMon first separates the two heartbeat signals, and then distinguishes the respiration signal from the heartbeat signal for each person. Our heartbeat separation algorithm relies on the spatial difference between two signal sources with respect to each vibration sensor, and our respiration extraction algorithm deciphers the breathing rate embedded in amplitude fluctuation of the heartbeat signal.
Nanodipole photovoltaics (2008)

We propose a principle of photovoltaics utilizing the built-in electric field generated by aligned nanosize dipoles in a semiconductive host, either polymer or liquid, or amorphous, or polycrystalline. Such dipoles are readily found with the wurtzite CdS, CdSe, and some other nanoparticles. We show that their generated field can be uniform and strong enough, ∼3×104V∕cm, to separate electron-hole pairs and run significant drift currents. Our suggested structure does not rely on p-n or Schottky junctions and can be tunable in a broad range of parameters.
289. Comparison of lymphocyte subsets and function in the rat and mouse testis (2005)

Testicular leukocytes are assumed to be involved in immunological surveillance against infection and tumours as well as regulation of local immune responses. They are implicated in mechanisms that make the testis a successful site for tissue transplantation in both rats and mice. Our previous studies using multi-colour fluorescence flow cytometric analysis to examine isolated testicular leukocytes in the rat testis have established the existence of a significant population of predominantly CD8+ T cells and a comparable number of lymphocytes expressing natural killer (NK) cell markers (NK and NKT cells). The functional activity of these testicular NK and NKT cells subsequently has been confirmed by a standard flow cytometric cytotoxicity assay using an NK-sensitive tumour cell line (YAC-1) and an NKT-sensitive tumour cell line (U937). Similar analyses of mouse testicular leukocytes have shown a slightly different pattern. The data indicate that mouse testicular lymphocytes comprise T cells, NK cells, and NKT cells, similar to the rat testis. However, while the apparent numerical densities of T cells in rat and mouse testes were similar, the numbers of NK and NKT cells were considerably lower in the mouse. Mouse testicular NKT cells were positive for staining with the tetramer CD1d/αGC, which is used to identify classical NKT cells, whereas rat NKT cells did not stain for this marker. Moreover, the CD8/CD4 T cell ratio in the mouse testis displayed a skewing towards the CD4+ subset. These data highlight the possibility that the immunological environment, and hence the course of immunological events, might be quite different in the testes of the two species. The reasons for these differences are not clear, however they should be taken into account when considering studies of testicular immune processes. Finally, comparative studies of immunological process in the testes of rats and mice may be very informative.
Altered glucocorticoid metabolism represents a feature of macroph‐aging (2020)

The aging process is characterized by a chronic, low-grade inflammatory state, termed "inflammaging." It has been suggested that macrophage activation plays a key role in the induction and maintenance of this state. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for aging-associated changes in the myeloid compartment of mice. The aging phenotype, characterized by elevated cytokine production, was associated with a dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and diminished serum corticosteroid levels. In particular, the concentration of corticosterone, the major active glucocorticoid in rodents, was decreased. This could be explained by an impaired expression and activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), an enzyme that determines the extent of cellular glucocorticoid responses by reducing the corticosteroids cortisone/11-dehydrocorticosterone to their active forms cortisol/corticosterone, in aged macrophages and peripheral leukocytes. These changes were accompanied by a downregulation of the glucocorticoid receptor target gene glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) in vitro and in vivo. Since GILZ plays a central role in macrophage activation, we hypothesized that the loss of GILZ contributed to the process of macroph-aging. The phenotype of macrophages from aged mice was indeed mimicked in young GILZ knockout mice. In summary, the current study provides insight into the role of glucocorticoid metabolism and GILZ regulation during aging.