gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New developments in small cryocoolers (1996)

An overview of the new developments in small cryocoolers at L'Air Liquide-DTA is presented. The results of a pulse tube refrigerator developed in collaboration with l'Ecole Normale Superieure, the first French laboratory which worked on this subject, are discussed. An original two flowrate flat Joule- Thomson cooler is extensively described. This last development shows the historic willingness of L'Air Liquide- DTA to be present in demand flow cryostat and fast cool-down systems for defense programs.
Nowe zachowania przestrzenne nabywców nieruchomości mieszkaniowych w przestrzeniach zurbanizowanych (2016)

Celem artykułu jest ustalenie wpływu determinant geoprzestrzennych na zachowania nabywców nieruchomości mieszkaniowych w przestrzeniach zurbanizowanych. Zachowanie konsumentów na rynku nieruchomości mieszkaniowych zależy w dużej mierze nie tylko od czynników wewnętrznych (nieprzestrzennych) charakteryzujących nieruchomości przede wszystkim od strony funkcjonalno-technicznej, ale również od czynników zewnętrznych (geoprzestrzennych) opisujących główny atut każdej nieruchomości mieszkaniowej, czyli jej lokalizację w strukturze przestrzeni zurbanizowanej. W celu zrealizowania założeń artykułu przeprowadzono badania geostatystyczne na podstawie danych z rynku nieruchomości lokalowych miasta Bytom.
Multivalent Batteries—Prospects for High Energy Density: Ca Batteries (2019)

Batteries based on Ca hold the promise to leapfrog ahead regarding increases in energy densities and are especially attractive as Ca is the 5th most abundant element in the Earth's crust. The viability of Ca metal anodes has recently been shown by approaches that either use wide potential window electrolytes at moderately elevated temperatures or THF-based electrolytes at room temperature. This paper provides realistic estimates of the practical energy densities for Ca-based rechargeable batteries at the cell level, calculated using open source models for several concepts. The results from the Ca metal anode batteries indicate that doubled or even tripled energy density as compared to the state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries is viable if a practical proof-of-concept can be achieved.
The British Board of Trade and Canada, 1760-1774 (1932)

The British Board of Trade and Canada, 1760-1774. Un article de la revue Report of the Annual Meeting / Rapports annuels de la Société historique du Canada (Volume 11, numéro 1, 1932, p. 5-128) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.
A hybrid camera for motion deblurring and depth map super-resolution (2008)

We present a hybrid camera that combines the advantages of a high resolution camera and a high speed camera. Our hybrid camera consists of a pair of low-resolution high-speed (LRHS) cameras and a single high-resolution low-speed (HRLS) camera. The LRHS cameras are able to capture fast-motion with little motion blur. They also form a stereo pair and provide a low-resolution depth map. The HRLS camera provides a high spatial resolution but also introduces severe motion blur when capturing fast moving objects. We develop efficient algorithms to simultaneously motion-deblur the HRLS image and reconstruct a high resolution depth map. Our method estimates the motion flow in the LRHS pair and then warps the flow field to the HRLS camera to estimate the point spread function (PSF).We then deblur the HRLS image and use the resulting image to enhance the low-resolution depth map using joint bilateral filters. We demonstrate the hybrid camera in depth map super-resolution and motion deblurring with spatially varying kernels. Experiments show that our framework is robust and highly effective.
Localizing Firewall Security Policies (2016)

In complex networks, filters may be applied at different nodes to control how packets flow. In this paper, we study how to locate filtering functionality within a network. We show how to enforce a set of security goals while allowing maximal service subject to the security constraints. To implement our results we present a tool that given a network specification and a set of control rules automatically localizes the filters and generates configurations for all the firewalls in the network. These configurations are implemented using an extension of Mignis - an open source tool to generate firewalls from declarative, semantically explicit configurations. Our contributions include a way to specify security goals for how packets traverse the network, an algorithm to distribute filtering functionality to different nodes in the network to enforce a given set of security goals, and a proof that the results are compatible with a Mignis-based semantics for network behavior.
Fusion of Dioxygenase and Lignin-binding Domains in a Novel Secreted Enzyme from Cellulolytic Streptomyces sp. SirexAA-E (2013)

Streptomyces sp. SirexAA-E is a highly cellulolytic bacterium isolated from an insect/microbe symbiotic community. When grown on lignin-containing biomass, it secretes SACTE_2871, an aromatic ring dioxygenase domain fused to a family 5/12 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM 5/12). Here we present structural and catalytic studies of this novel fusion enzyme, thus providing insight into its function. The dioxygenase domain has the core β-sandwich fold typical of this enzyme family but lacks a dimerization domain observed in other intradiol dioxygenases. Consequently, the x-ray structure shows that the enzyme is monomeric and the Fe(III)-containing active site is exposed to solvent in a shallow depression on a planar surface. Purified SACTE_2871 catalyzes the O2-dependent intradiol cleavage of catechyl compounds from lignin biosynthetic pathways, but not their methylated derivatives. Binding studies show that SACTE_2871 binds synthetic lignin polymers and chitin through the interactions of the CBM 5/12 domain, representing a new binding specificity for this fold-family. Based on its unique structural features and functional properties, we propose that SACTE_2871 contributes to the invasive nature of the insect/microbial community by destroying precursors needed by the plant for de novo lignin biosynthesis as part of its natural wounding response.
EGFR Mutations Compromise Hypoxia-Associated Radiation Resistance through Impaired Replication Fork–Associated DNA Damage Repair (2017)

EGFR signaling has been implicated in hypoxia-associated resistance to radiation or chemotherapy. Non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) with activating L858R or ΔE746-E750 EGFR mutations exhibit elevated EGFR activity and downstream signaling. Here, relative to wild-type (WT) EGFR, mutant (MT) EGFR expression significantly increases radiosensitivity in hypoxic cells. Gene expression profiling in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) revealed that MT-EGFR expression elevated transcripts related to cell cycle and replication in aerobic and hypoxic conditions and downregulated RAD50, a critical component of nonhomologous end joining and homologous recombination DNA repair pathways. NSCLCs and HBEC with MT-EGFR revealed elevated basal and hypoxia-induced γ-H2AX-associated DNA lesions that were coincident with replication protein A in the S-phase nuclei. DNA fiber analysis showed that, relative to WT-EGFR, MT-EGFR NSCLCs harbored significantly higher levels of stalled replication forks and decreased fork velocities in aerobic and hypoxic conditions. EGFR blockade by cetuximab significantly increased radiosensitivity in hypoxic cells, recapitulating MT-EGFR expression and closely resembling synthetic lethality of PARP inhibition.<b>Implications:</b> This study demonstrates that within an altered DNA damage response of hypoxic NSCLC cells, mutant EGFR expression, or EGFR blockade by cetuximab exerts a synthetic lethality effect and significantly compromises radiation resistance in hypoxic tumor cells. <i>Mol Cancer Res; 15(11); 1503-16. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Haemophilus influenzae Protein F Mediates Binding to Laminin and Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells (2012)

The mucosal pathogen nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) adheres to the respiratory epithelium or, in the case of epithelial damage, to the underlying basement membrane and extracellular matrix that, among other proteins, consists of laminin. We have recently identified protein F, an ABC transporter involved in NTHi immune evasion. Homology modeling of the protein F tertiary structure revealed a strong resemblance to the streptococcal laminin-binding proteins Lbp and Lmb. Here, we show that protein F promotes binding of NTHi to laminin and primary bronchial epithelial cells. Analyses with recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides revealed that the N-terminal part of protein F contains the host-interacting region. Moreover, protein F exists in all clinical isolates, and isogenic NTHi Δhpf mutants display significantly reduced binding to laminin and epithelial cells. We thus suggest protein F to be an important and ubiquitous NTHi adhesin.
Practical Requirements for a Domestic Vacuum-Cleaning Robot (1993)

Consideration of the environmental, commercial and legal constraints on a practical home vacuumcleaning robot suggests that the best configuration is a compact single-purpose vehicle designed to map and follow a deliberate path. This configuration, suitably equipped with the necessary external and internal sensors, serves to define the AI requirements for mapping, path following, contingency handling and user interface.
Optimization of a Novel Non-invasive Oral Sampling Technique for Zoonotic Pathogen Surveillance in Nonhuman Primates (2015)

Free-ranging nonhuman primates are frequent sources of zoonotic pathogens due to their physiologic similarity and in many tropical regions, close contact with humans. Many high-risk disease transmission interfaces have not been monitored for zoonotic pathogens due to difficulties inherent to invasive sampling of free-ranging wildlife. Non-invasive surveillance of nonhuman primates for pathogens with high potential for spillover into humans is therefore critical for understanding disease ecology of existing zoonotic pathogen burdens and identifying communities where zoonotic diseases are likely to emerge in the future. We developed a non-invasive oral sampling technique using ropes distributed to nonhuman primates to target viruses shed in the oral cavity, which through bite wounds and discarded food, could be transmitted to people. Optimization was performed by testing paired rope and oral swabs from laboratory colony rhesus macaques for rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) and simian foamy virus (SFV) and implementing the technique with free-ranging terrestrial and arboreal nonhuman primate species in Uganda and Nepal. Both ubiquitous DNA and RNA viruses, RhCMV and SFV, were detected in oral samples collected from ropes distributed to laboratory colony macaques and SFV was detected in free-ranging macaques and olive baboons. Our study describes a technique that can be used for disease surveillance in free-ranging nonhuman primates and, potentially, other wildlife species when invasive sampling techniques may not be feasible.
Model of integrated magnetics by means of "double 2D" finite element analysis techniques (2003)

This work presents a methodology to obtain a geometric and frequency dependent model of integrated magnetics. The modeling procedure presented in this work is based on the use of 2D instead of 3D finite element analysis (FEA) solvers. The main advantages of this procedure are that all geometrical and frequency effects are taken into account using 2D FEA solvers, but the time consumption is much lower than using 3D solvers. Some experimental results illustrate the application of the methodology, which is especially useful to adjust the coupling coefficient between each pair of windings before the component construction.
Deterioration of Speech as an Indicator of Physiological Degeneration (DESIPHER) (2015)

We approach the problem of understanding the disease progression and speech of patients suffering from ALS as a language divergence identification problem. We summarize the promises and challenges of using speech-related biomarkers to adapt speech recognition to ALS patients and correlate language divergence with disease progression.
Optimal mode of delivery in pregnancy: Individualized predictions using national vital statistics data (2022)

Child birth via Cesarean section accounts for approximately 32% of all births each year in the United States. A variety of risk factors and complications can lead caregivers and patients to plan for a Cesarean delivery in advance before onset of labor. However, a non-trivial subset of Cesarean sections (∼25%) are unplanned and occur after an initial trial of labor is attempted. Unfortunately, patients who deliver via unplanned Cesarean sections have increased maternal morbidity and mortality rates and higher rates of neonatal intensive care admissions. In an effort to develop models aimed at improving health outcomes in labor and delivery, this work seeks to explore the use of national vital statistics data to quantify the likelihood of an unplanned Cesarean section based on 22 maternal characteristics. Machine learning techniques are used to ascertain influential features, train and evaluate models, and assess accuracy against available test data. Based on cross-validation results from a large training cohort (n = 6,530,467 births), the gradient-boosted tree algorithm was identified as the best performer and was evaluated on a large test cohort (n = 10,613,877 births) for two prediction scenarios. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.77 or higher and recall scores of 0.78 or higher were obtained and the resulting models are well calibrated. Combined with feature importance analysis to explain why certain maternal characteristics lead to a specific prediction in individual patients, the developed analysis pipeline provides additional quantitative information to aid in the decision process on whether to plan for a Cesarean section in advance, a substantially safer option among women at a high risk of unplanned Cesarean delivery during labor.
Evaluation of Highway Deicing Agents (2003)

This is the Final Report of the Interagency Service Agreement 1 MS 9130 Evaluation of Highway Deicing Agents, conducted for the Massachusetts Highway Department. The goals of this project were to measure and model the distribution of salt/premix and calcium magnesium acetate constituents in the unconfined aquifer underlying State Route 25 in southeastern Massachusetts. Data and theory suggest that deicing agent constituents create a groundwater plume downgradient of a recharge pool receiving highway runoff. The plume is 80 m wide, and extends from the water table to a depth of 15 m. The oxygen demand exerted by calcium magnesium acetate in the plume far exceeds the ambient oxygen demand in the Plymouth Carver Aquifer, and adversely affects the groundwater quality as a consequence.
Virtual sectorization: design and self-optimization (2015)

Virtual Sectorization (ViSn) aims at covering a confined area such as a traffic hot-spot using a narrow beam. The beam is generated by a remote antenna array located at-or close to the Base Station (BS). This paper develops the ViSn model and provides the guidelines for designing the Virtual Sector (ViS) antenna. In order to mitigate interference between the ViS and the traditional macro sector covering the rest of the area, a Dynamic Spectrum Allocation (DSA) algorithm that self-optimizes the frequency bandwidth split between the macro cell and the ViS is also proposed. The Self-Organizing Network (SON) algorithm is constructed to maximize the proportional fair utility of all the users throughputs. Numerical simulations show the interest in deploying ViSn, and the significant capacity gain brought about by the self-optimized bandwidth sharing with respect to a full reuse of the bandwidth by the ViS.
Risk-bounded Path Planning for Urban Air Mobility Operations under Uncertainty. (2021)

Collision avoidance is an essential concern for the autonomous operations of aerial vehicles in dynamic and uncertain urban environments. This paper introduces a risk-bounded path planning algorithm for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) operating in such environments. This algorithm advances the rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) with chance constraints to generate probabilistically guaranteed collision-free paths that are robust to vehicle and environmental obstacle uncertainties. Assuming all uncertainties follow Gaussian distributions, the chance constraints are established through converting dynamic and probabilistic constraints into equivalent static and deterministic constraints. By incorporating chance constraints into the RRT algorithm, the proposed algorithm not only inherits the computational advantage of sampling-based algorithms but also guarantees a probabilistically feasible flying zone at every time step. Simulation results show the promising performance of the proposed algorithm.
Cadherin-16 (CDH16) immunohistochemistry: a useful diagnostic tool for renal cell carcinoma and papillary carcinomas of the thyroid (2023)

Cadherin-16 (CDH16) plays a role in the embryonal development in kidney and thyroid. Downregulation of CDH16 RNA was found in papillary carcinomas of the thyroid. To determine the expression of CDH16 in tumors and to assess the diagnostic utility a tissue microarray containing 15,584 samples from 152 different tumor types as well as 608 samples of 76 different normal tissue types was analyzed. A membranous CDH16 immunostaining was predominantly seen in thyroid, kidney, cauda epididymis, and mesonephric remnants. In the thyroid, CDH16 staining was seen in 100% of normal samples, 86% of follicular adenomas, 60% of follicular carcinomas, but only 7% of papillary carcinomas (p < 0.0001). CDH16 positivity was frequent in nephrogenic adenomas (100%), oncocytomas (98%), chromophobe (97%), clear cell (85%), and papillary (76%) renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), various subtypes of carcinoma of the ovary (16-56%), various subtyped of carcinomas of the uterus (18-40%), as well as in various subtypes of neuroendocrine neoplasms (4-26%). Nineteen further tumor entities showed a weak to moderate CDH16 staining in up to 8% of cases. Our data suggest CDH16 as a potential diagnostic marker-as a part of a panel-for the identification of papillary carcinomas of the thyroid, nephrogenic adenomas, and the distinction of renal cell tumors from other neoplasms.
Spontaneous emission extraction and Purcell enhancement from thin-film 2-D photonic crystals (1999)

Electromagnetic band structure can produce either an enhancement or a suppression of spontaneous emission from two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystal thin films. We believe that such effects might be important for light emitting diodes. Our experiments were based on thin-film InGaAs-InP 2-D photonic crystals at ambient temperature, but the concepts would apply equally to InGaN thin films, for example. We show that the magnitude of Purcell enhancement factor, F/sub p//spl sim/2, for spatially extended band modes, is similar to that for a tiny mode in a three dimensional (3-D) nanocavity. Nonetheless, light extraction enhancement that arises from Zone folding or Bragg scattering of the photonic bands is probably the more important effect, and an external quantum efficiency >50% is possible. Angle resolved photoluminescence from inside the photonic crystal gives a direct spectral readout of the internal 2-D photonic band dispersion. The tradeoffs for employing various photonic crystal structures in high efficiency light-emitting diodes are analyzed.
Strong In Vivo Inhibition of HIV-1 Replication by Nullbasic, a Tat Mutant (2019)

Nullbasic is a mutant form of the HIV-1 transcriptional activator protein (Tat) that strongly inhibits HIV-1 transcription and replication in lymphocytes <i>in vitro</i> To investigate Nullbasic inhibition <i>in vivo</i>, we employed an NSG mouse model where animals were engrafted with primary human CD4<sup>+</sup> cells expressing a Nullbasic-ZsGreen1 (NB-ZSG) fusion protein or ZSG. NB-ZSG and ZSG were delivered by using a retroviral vector where CD4<sup>+</sup> cells were transduced either prior to (preinfection) or following (postinfection) HIV-1 infection. The transduced cells were analyzed <i>in vitro</i> up to 10 days postinfection (dpi) and <i>in vivo</i> up to 39 dpi. Compared to ZSG, NB-ZSG strongly inhibited HIV-1 replication both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> using preinfection treatment. <i>In vitro</i>, HIV-1 mRNA levels in cells were reduced by up to 60-fold. <i>In vivo</i>, HIV-1 RNA was undetectable in plasma samples during the course of the experiment, and HIV-1 mRNA levels in resident CD4<sup>+</sup> cells in organ tissue were reduced up to 2,800-fold. Postinfection treatment of HIV-1-infected cells with NB-ZSG attenuated HIV-1 infection for up to 14 days. <i>In vitro</i>, a 25-fold reduction of viral mRNA in cells was observed but diminished to a <2-fold reduction by 10 dpi. <i>In vivo</i>, HIV-1 RNA was undetectable in plasma of NB-ZSG mice at 14 dpi but afterwards was not significantly different between NB-ZSG mice and control mice. However, we observed higher levels of CD4<sup>+</sup> cells in NB-ZSG mice than in control mice, suggesting that NB-ZSG imparted a survival advantage to HIV-1-infected animals.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> HIV-1 infection is effectively controlled by antiviral therapy that inhibits virus replication and reduces viral loads below detectable levels in patients. However, therapy interruption leads to viral rebound due to latently infected cells, which serve as a source of continued viral infection. Interest in strategies leading to a functional cure for HIV-1 infection by long-term or permanent viral suppression is growing. Here, we show that a mutant form of the HIV-1 Tat protein, referred to as Nullbasic, inhibits HIV-1 transcription in infected CD4<sup>+</sup> cells <i>in vivo</i> Analysis shows that stable expression of Nullbasic in CD4<sup>+</sup> cells could lead to durable anti-HIV-1 activity. Nullbasic, as a gene therapy candidate, could be a part of a functional-cure strategy to suppress HIV-1 transcription and replication.
A Rotating Continuous Circulation Tool RCCT for Increasing Drilling Efficiency and Optimizing Borehole Cleaning (2019)

Abstract This paper presents the design, deployment and field trial test of a uniquely designed Rotating Continuous Circulation Tool (RCCT). The RCCT provides nearly continuous rotation of the pipe string and continuous circulation of fluid while making up or breaking out a new stand. Nearly continuous rotation decreases the period of static contact between the formations surrounding the pipe string and the pipe string, thus reducing the risk of the pipe becoming stuck inside the wellbore and also the wellbore collapsing. Continuous circulation results in efficient borehole cleaning. Therefore, the RCCT increases drilling efficiency and optimizes borehole cleaning. Proof-of-concept testing of the RCCT was successfully performed inside casing during a cement clean out operation, which also aided to clearly define drilling parameters required for successful operation of the tool while drilling.