gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Distribution character of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils from the karst cavity, Guilin City, South China]. (2009)

We investigated the distribution characteristic of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of soils from Dayan cave, a karst cavity in Guilin City, South China. The total PAHs concentrations from the inner cave ranged from 7.22 to 117.29 ng x g(-1) were much lower than those of outside cave (range of 51.35-235.73 ng x g(-1)). PAHs in studied area polluted slightly compared with other area. PAHs contents outside the cave and near cave gate were much higher than those within the cave with a little concentration change. In outside cave soils, the heavy molecular weight PAH (HMW) concentrations were higher than those of the light molecular weight PAH (LMW) (mean value 69.25 ng x g(-1) > 38.81 ngx g(-1)) while it was reverse inside cave (mean value 3.93 ng x g(-1) < 7.41 ng x g(-1)),which indicated the inner PAHs might came from atmosphere introduction and rainwater filtering from the top of the cave too. PAHs concentration distribution in the soils presented "trap effect" near the cave gate and a concentration superposition from the slope in the north cave wicket. HMW concentration near the cave gate was even larger by three times than that outside cave gate and a positive relation was found between PAH molecular weight and its falling tendence (R2 = 0.49). Deducing from the analysed data, PAHs concentration contributed by the cave gate was about 17 times of that of the slope. Temperature and molecular weight diversity were important factors influencing PAH concentration distribution.
<title>Skewed approach to filtering</title> (1998)

The dynamics of many physical system are nonlinear and non- symmetric. The motion of a missile, for example, is strongly determined by aerodynamic drag whose magnitude is a function of the square of speed. Conversely, nonlinearity can arise from the coordinate system used, such as spherical coordinates for position. If a filter is applied these types of system, the distribution of its state estimate will be non-symmetric. The most widely used filtering algorithm, the Kalman filter, only utilizes mean and covariance and odes not maintain or exploit the symmetry properties of the distribution. Although the Kalman filter has been successfully applied in many highly nonlinear and non- symmetric system, this has been achieved at the cost of neglecting a potentially rich source of information. In this paper we explore methods for maintaining and utilizing information over and above that provided by means and covariances. Specifically, we extend the Kalman filter paradigm to include the skew and examine the utility of maintaining this information. We develop a tractable, convenient algorithm which can be used to predict the first three moments of a distribution. This is achieved by extending the sigma point selection scheme of the unscented transformation to capture the mean, covariance and skew. The utility of maintaining the skew and using nonlinear update rules is assessed by examining the performance of the new filter against a conventional Kalman filter in a realistic tracking scenario.
PKA Phosphorylation of NDE1 Is DISC1/PDE4 Dependent and Modulates Its Interaction with LIS1 and NDEL1 (2011)

Nuclear distribution factor E-homolog 1 (NDE1), Lissencephaly 1 (LIS1), and NDE-like 1 (NDEL1) together participate in essential neurodevelopmental processes, including neuronal precursor proliferation and differentiation, neuronal migration, and neurite outgrowth. NDE1/LIS1/NDEL1 interacts with Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) and the cAMP-hydrolyzing enzyme phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4). DISC1, PDE4, NDE1, and NDEL1 have each been implicated as genetic risk factors for major mental illness. Here, we demonstrate that DISC1 and PDE4 modulate NDE1 phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and identify a novel PKA substrate site on NDE1 at threonine-131 (T131). Homology modeling predicts that phosphorylation at T131 modulates NDE1-LIS1 and NDE1-NDEL1 interactions, which we confirm experimentally. DISC1-PDE4 interaction thus modulates organization of the NDE1/NDEL1/LIS1 complex. T131-phosphorylated NDE1 is present at the postsynaptic density, in proximal axons, within the nucleus, and at the centrosome where it becomes substantially enriched during mitosis. Mutation of the NDE1 T131 site to mimic PKA phosphorylation inhibits neurite outgrowth. Thus PKA-dependent phosphorylation of the NDE1/LIS1/NDEL1 complex is DISC1-PDE4 modulated and likely to regulate its neural functions.
Rapamycin Inhibits Proliferation of Epstein-Barr Virus–Positive B-cell Lymphomas Through Modulation of Cell-Cycle Protein Expression (2007)

The results presented here elucidate key targets of RAPA-induced cell cycle arrest, provide insight into the growth pathways of EBV+ B-cell lymphomas, and demonstrate the potential for RAPA as a therapeutic option in the treatment of PTLD and other EBV+ lymphomas.
Transfer of innovation on allergic rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity in the elderly (MACVIA‐ARIA) ‐ EIP on AHA Twinning Reference Site (GARD research demonstration project) (2017)

The overarching goals of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) are to enable European citizens to lead healthy, active and independent lives whilst ageing. The EIP on AHA includes 74 Reference Sites. The aim of this study was to transfer innovation from an app developed by the MACVIA-France EIP on AHA reference site (Allergy Diary) to other reference sites. The phenotypic characteristics of rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity in adults and the elderly will be compared using validated information and communication technology (ICT) tools (i.e. the Allergy Diary and CARAT: Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test) in 22 Reference Sites or regions across Europe. This will improve the understanding, assessment of burden, diagnosis and management of rhinitis in the elderly by comparison with an adult population. Specific objectives will be: (i) to assess the percentage of adults and elderly who are able to use the Allergy Diary, (ii) to study the phenotypic characteristics and treatment over a 1-year period of rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity at baseline (cross-sectional study) and (iii) to follow-up using visual analogue scale (VAS). This part of the study may provide some insight into the differences between the elderly and adults in terms of response to treatment and practice. Finally (iv) work productivity will be examined in adults.
Power supplies for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (1994)

This paper demonstrates that an extended period circuit, namely the extended period quasi-resonant power converter with zero voltage switching, can provide a variable amplitude, variable pulse width and variable frequency supply for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation applications.
A DC link-modulated three-phase converter (2002)

This paper proposes a DC link modulation method for three-phase inverters that can reduce losses by suppressing phase-leg switching during two-thirds of the fundamental period. The scheme is advantageous for inverters that operate at a high modulation index, such as PWM rectifiers, active filters or UPSs. The method involves clamping the phase-leg producing maximum voltage to the positive rail and the phase-leg producing minimum voltage to the negative rail, while the third phase-leg is pulse-width modulated. A PWM ripple is added to the DC link to allow the output voltage across the two bus-clamped phases to follow the reference command. In effect, each phase leg is clamped to the positive bus for a third of the fundamental period, clamped to the negative bus for another third and modulated only during the remaining third. This is in contrast to a regular PWM inverter where the phase-legs are continuously switched throughout the fundamental period.
Catalytic Mechanism of Escherichia coli Isopentenyl Diphosphate Isomerase Involves Cys-67, Glu-116, and Tyr-104 as Suggested by Crystal Structures of Complexes with Transition State Analogues and Irreversible Inhibitors (2003)

Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP):dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) isomerase is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids. The reaction involves protonation and deprotonation of the isoprenoid unit and proceeds through a carbocationic transition state. Analysis of the crystal structures (2 A) of complexes of Escherichia coli IPP.DMAPPs isomerase with a transition state analogue (N,N-dimethyl-2-amino-1-ethyl diphosphate) and a covalently attached irreversible inhibitor (3,4-epoxy-3-methyl-1-butyl diphosphate) indicates that Glu-116, Tyr-104, and Cys-67 are involved in the antarafacial addition/elimination of protons during isomerization. This work provides a new perspective about the mechanism of the reaction.
5-Fluorocytosine in the Treatment of Experimental Candidiasis in Immunosuppressed Mice (1973)

A model infection with Candida albicans was established in mice. The animals were pretreated for 1 week with azathioprine, given dexamethasone, and then infected intravenously with Candida. Mortality for the group given Candida infection alone was 20%, 38% when azathioprine was added, and 50% when dexamethasone and azathioprine were given with infection. The titers of Candida in most mice were 10(6) per gram of kidney. The rest of the mice were killed at 30 days. At this time, 16% had no evidence of Candida in the kidneys, but 40% of the mice had titers of 10(6) or more. Mice treated with 5-fluorocytosine had a mortality of less than 4% in 30 days. Five percent of the treated mice killed at 30 days had titers of Candida of 10(6). Therefore, 5-fluorocytosine increases survival in the presence of continued therapy with azathioprine with or without pretreatment with dexamethasone. The survival is associated with decreased titers of Candida in the kidneys.
High-Speed and high-power vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers based on InP suitable for telecommunication and gas sensing (2010)

We present 1.55 &mu;m short-cavity buried-tunnel-junction VCSELs (Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers) with single mode output powers of 6.7 mW at 20°C and 3 mW at 80°C, respectively. Although the device had been predominantly optimized for high-power applications and a proper heat management, we are also observing a 3dB-cut-off frequency of more than 11 GHz and side mode suppression ratios (SMSRs) beyond 54 dB over the whole temperature range. The tuning range of the devices can be increased from 7 nm based on gain tuning to several tens of nanometers when replacing the top DBR by a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) composed of semiconductor or dielectric material being thermally actuated for changing the cavity length. These devices are perfectly suitable for telecommunication and gas sensing applications and represent outstanding devices for the so called tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technique.
Nucleolus size varies with sex, ploidy and gene dosage in insects (2012)

The nucleolus constitutes a cytologically visible phenotype for ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Nucleolar size, as determined by silver staining, is a good indicator of cell proliferation rate and biosynthetic activity. Nevertheless, the relationship between rDNA content and sexual dimorphism for nucleolar size is not well documented. In the present study, the impact of sex and ploidy level on nucleolar size is investigated in three haplo/diploid and three diplo/diploid species of insect. Nucleolar sizes are found to be proportional to ploidy level in the haplo/diploid hymenopterans Trypoxylon albitarse and Nasonia vitripennis . Conversely, in the ant Messor barbarus , nucleolar sizes are larger in haploid males (winged) than diploid females (apterous). Among the diplo/diploid species, evidence for gene dosage compensation on nucleolar activity is suggested by the absence of sex differences in Drosophila simulans , a species in which rDNA is limited to the X chromosome. By contrast, in the grasshopper Stenobothrus festivus , another species with rRNA genes restricted to the X chromosome, the size of the nucleolus is significantly larger in females than in males. Additionally, in the grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus , where rDNA is distributed evenly on several autosomes of males and females, the females also show larger nucleoli than males. In both grasshopper species, the magnitude of the female/male ratio for nucleolus area is very similar to the body size ratio, suggesting that body size, as well as sex, ploidy, gene dosage and physiological activity, may be an important determinant of nucleolus area.
Minimum Length Scheduling for Multi-cell Full Duplex Wireless Powered\n Communication Networks (2021)

In this paper, we investigate a novel minimum length scheduling problem to\ndetermine the optimal power control, and scheduling for constant and continuous\nrate models, while considering concurrent transmission of users, energy\ncausality, maximum transmit power and traffic demand constraints. The\nformulated optimization problems are shown to be non-convex and combinatorial\nin nature, thus, difficult to solve for the global optimum. As a solution\nstrategy, first, we propose optimal polynomial time algorithms for the power\ncontrol problem considering constant and continuous rate models based on the\nevaluation of Perron-Frobenius conditions and usage of bisection method,\nrespectively. Then, the proposed optimal power control solutions are used to\ndetermine the optimal transmission time for a subset of users that will be\nscheduled by the scheduling algorithms. For the constant rate scheduling\nproblem, we propose a heuristic algorithm that aims to maximize the number of\nconcurrently transmitting users by maximizing the allowable interference on\neach user without violating the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) requirements. For\nthe continuous rate scheduling problem, we define a penalty function\nrepresenting the advantage of concurrent transmission over individual\ntransmission of the users. Following the optimality analysis of the penalty\nmetric and demonstration of the equivalence between schedule length\nminimization and minimization of the sum of penalties, we propose a heuristic\nalgorithm based on the allocation of the concurrently transmitting users with\nthe goal of minimizing the sum penalties over the schedule. Through extensive\nsimulations, we demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the\nsuccessive transmission and concurrent transmission of randomly selected users\nfor different HAP transmit powers, network densities and network size.\n
MT‐7716, a potentNOPreceptor agonist, preferentially reduces ethanol seeking and reinforcement in post‐dependent rats (2014)

Dysregulation of the nociceptin (N/OFQ) system has been implicated in alcohol abuse and alcoholism, and growing evidence suggests that targeting this system may be beneficial for treating alcoholism. To further explore the treatment target potential of the N/OFQ system, the novel non-peptide, small-molecule N/OFQ (NOP) agonist MT-7716, (R)-2-{3-[1-(Acenaphthen-1-yl)piperidin-4-yl]-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl}-N-methylacetamide hydrochloride hydrate, was examined for its effects on ethanol self-administration and stress-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking in non-dependent and post-dependent rats. Male Wistar rats were trained to self-administer ethanol and then made ethanol dependent via repeated intragastric ethanol intubation. The effects of MT-7716 (0.3 and 1 mg/kg; PO) on alcohol self-administration were determined 2 weeks following dependence induction, when baseline self-administration was restored. Effects of MT-7716 on stress-induced reinstatement were tested in separate cohorts of rats, 1 and 3 weeks post-withdrawal. MT-7716 reduced alcohol self-administration and stress-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking in post-dependent rats, but was ineffective in non-dependent animals. Moreover, the prevention of stress-induced reinstatement by MT-7716 was more pronounced at 3 weeks post-dependence. The results further confirm treatment target potential for the NOP receptor and identify non-peptide NOP agonists as promising potential treatment drugs for alcohol abuse and relapse prevention. The findings also support dysregulation of the N/OFQ system as a factor in alcohol seeking and reinforcement.
Prognostics performance metrics and their relation to requirements, design, verification and cost-benefit (2008)

This paper describes a set of metrics developed to evaluate the performance of prognostics algorithms in the context of prognostics and health management (PHM). Such metrics were developed with focus on the assessment of the accomplishment of user requirements. The usefulness of this set of metrics for prognostics algorithm design, verification and cost-benefit analysis is presented and the concepts are illustrated with a sample application.
[IC‐P‐003]: DETERMINING THE UTILITY OF PMOD IMAGE QUANTIFICATION SOFTWARE FOR PROCESSING [11C]PIB AND [18F]FLUTEMETAMOL IMAGES IN A PET‐ONLY PIPELINE TO GENERATE SUVR FOR QUANTIFICATION ON THE CENTILOID SCALE (2017)

Utilising a standardised quantitative imaging analysis scale, Centiloid, for comparing β-amyloid imaging tracers in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been promoted by the Global Alzheimer's Association Information Network (GAAIN), with established process pipelines reported (Rowe et al., 2016). We previously reported data confirming Centiloid pipeline implementation in PMOD Image Quantification Software produced results highly concordant with the GAAIN data. However, these pipelines require both PET and MRI images for processing. MRIs were not obtained for end-of-life subjects in GE Healthcare's pivotal registration studies for [18F]Flutemetamol Injection. Therefore, for these subjects we evaluated the utility of PMOD for application in PET-only image analysis. Using Centiloid Volume of Interest (VOI) regions, GAAIN [11C]PiB images (YC-0, n=34; AD-100, n=45) were processed using a PET-only method. Standard Uptake Value ratios (SUVr's) and Centiloid values for the VOI regions were calculated, and compared with published values by way of validation (Klunk et.al., 2015). The utility of PMOD's PET-only method was assessed by cross-compared to the PET/MRI method using the Centiloid standard CTX VOI. Subsequently, subjects from GE Healthcare's pivotal autopsy studies were evaluated using PMOD's PET-only method. Tissue-based autopsy measures were used in a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to estimate the Centiloid value corresponding to boundaries used in CERAD pathology assessments in regards to AD classification. For all subjects, we found the [11C]PiB SUVr values were within recommended limits of the published set for the key reference region (whole cerebellum). When converted to Centiloid values, there was a high degree of correlation between the GAAIN data and values derived from PMOD. PET-only processing was applied to the autopsy-cohort [18F]flutemetamol images. Centiloid values were compared to the tissue based neuritic plaque assessments. ROC analysis determined the CERAD designation boundary's in Centiloid units. PET-only image processing, such as the one established using PMOD, provide an alternate method of Centiloid processing, and is suitable for assessing subjects without MRI. The SUVr and Centiloid values obtained from our autopsy cohort proved suitable for determining the CERAD pathological boundaries in Centiloids equivalent units, indicating that [18F]flutemetamol Centiloid values can be related to CERAD style stratification.
AM-FM demodulation using zero crossings and local peaks (2008)

We developed a new algorithm for estimating Instantaneous Amplitude(IA) and Instantaneous Frequency(IF) of a band limited AM-FM signal, using zero crossings(ZC) intervals and local peaks information(ZC-LP).In this method IA and IF are estimated independently.For estimating IF, zero crossing interval information is used in a K-Nearest Neighbor(K-NN) frame work and for estimating IA local peaks of the given band limited signal are used, also in a K-NN frame work[2].Experimental results shows that the proposed algorithm gives better results than existing methods like Hilbert Transform[3], DESA1, DESA2[1].
On the optimality of strategies for multiple join (1993)

10.1145/174147.174151
Two- and Three-Dimensional Smectic Ordering of Single-Handed Helical Polymers (2007)

Rodlike polymers with precisely defined architectures are ideal building blocks for self-assembled structures leading to novel nanometer-scale devices. We found that the living polymerization of a single isocyanide enantiomer bearing an l-alanine pendant with a long n-decyl chain simultaneously produced diastereomeric right- and left-handed helices with different molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions. Each single-handed, rodlike helical polymer with a controlled length and handedness isolated by a facile solvent fractionation method with acetone self-assembled to form well-defined two- and three-dimensional smectic ordering on the nanometer scale on a substrate and in a liquid crystalline state as evidenced by direct atomic force microscopic observations and X-ray diffraction measurements, respectively.
Termination control of electronic phases in oxide thin films and interfaces: LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 (001) (2012)

A wealth of intriguing properties emerge in the seemingly simple system composed of the band insulators LaAlO(3) and SrTiO(3) such as a two-dimensional electron gas, superconductivity and magnetism. In this paper, we review the current insight obtained from first principles calculations on the mechanisms governing the behaviour of thin LaAlO(3) films on SrTiO(3)(001). In particular, we explore the strong dependence of the electronic properties on the surface and interface termination, the finite film thickness, lattice polarization and defects. A further aspect that is addressed is how the electronic behaviour and functionality can be tuned by an SrTiO(3) capping layer, adsorbates and metallic contacts. Lastly, we discuss recent reports on the coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity in this system for what they might imply about the electronic structure of this system.
ChemInform Abstract: ADENOSINE DEAMINASE INHIBITORS. SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF (.+‐.)‐3,6,7,8‐TETRAHYDRO‐3‐((2‐HYDROXYETHOXY)METHYL)IMIDAZO(4,5‐D)(1,3)DIAZEPI# N‐8‐OL AND SOME SELECTED C‐5 HOMOLOGS OF PENTOSTATIN (1984)

Abstract Dargestellt und auf Adenosindesaminaseinhibierende Wirkung untersucht werden die Verbindungen (II) und (III).