gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kernel-mapped histograms of multi-scale LBPs for tree bark recognition (2013)

We propose a novel method for tree bark identification by SVM classification of feature-mapped multi-scale descriptors formed by concatenated histograms of Local Binary Patterns (LBPs). A feature map approximating the histogram intersection kernel significantly improves the methods accuracy. Contrary to common practice, we use the full 256 bin LBP histogram rather than the standard 59 bin histogram of uniform LBPs and obtain superior results. Robustness to scale changes is handled by forming multiple multi-scale descriptors. Experiments conducted on a standard dataset show 96.5% accuracy using ten-fold cross validation. Using the standard 15 training examples per class, the proposed method achieves a recognition rate of 82.5% and significantly outperforms both the state-of-the-art automatic recognition rate of 64.2% and human experts with recognition rates of 56.6% and 77.8%. Experiments on standard texture datasets confirm that the proposed method is suitable for general texture recognition.
Micro-Hollow Cathode Discharge (MHCD) MEMS arrays for high-current cold cathodes (2014)

Micro Hollow Cathode Discharge (MHCD) arrays, fabricated in silicon with Al
 2
O
 3
 or titanium silicide- coated cathodes, have been investigated for use as high-current, coldcathode electron sources. When arranged as large arrays, micron-scale MHCD's have the potential to be used as electronbeam sources with current densities up into the A-cm
 -2
 range. Analysis, simulations and experimental data show that a quantum-mechanical tunneling current through the aluminum oxide cathode coating (when made thin enough) allows the DC operation of a MHCD at modest vacuum using Ar. The high secondary-electron emission and low sputter yield, of Al
 2
O
 3
 leads to increases in the plasma electron density and cathode operating lifetimes, respectively. Preliminary data show a significant increase in current density under identical operating conditions, using the alumina dielectric-coated cathodes as compared with bare-silicon baseline cathodes.
Embolization of Intracranial Aneurysms With Hydrogel-Coated Coils Versus Inert Platinum Coils (2006)

HydroCoil embolization achieves greater aneurysm packing density with decreased coil length. Initial durability data favor HydroCoils, with lower recurrence and retreatment rates.
MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCE OF LATERAL AND MEDIAL FEMORAL CONDYLES BETWEEN AMERICAN AND JAPANESE WOMEN, EVALUATED BY MRI IN SAGITTAL PLANE (2010)

Background: It is known that not only the size but also the shape was different between races. We previously compared the distal femur shapes between the American and the Japanese by lateral radiograph and demonstrated the morphological difference in detail. In this study we evaluated the morphologic feature of the lateral and medial condyles separately between the American and the Japanese using MRI in the sagittal plane. Patients and methods: The subjects were 99 American and 41 Japanese adult women. MRI scan of sagittal section through the distal half of the femur was taken with the slice thickness about 4.0 mm. The envelope curve of each condyle was superimposed to be approximated to an ellipse. The length and inclination of two axes of the ellipse were estimated as the parameters of the statistical comparison. Results: The ratio major axis/minor axis of the lateral condyles in American women was significantly larger than that in Japanese, while the ratio of the medial condyles in American was significantly smaller. The inclination of the major axis to the anatomical axis of the distal femur in the American lateral condyles were significantly more than that in Japanese lateral condyles, while both the American and Japanese medial condyles showed similar inclination. Discussion: The morphological feature of both the lateral and medial condyles in American women was significantly different from that in Japanese. The ratio major axis/minor axis and inclination of lateral condyle in American women were different from those in Japanese, while only the ratio was different between the American and Japanese medial condyles. Understanding of these morphological differences between American and Japanese women is beneficial in elucidating discrepancies in normal knee kinematics and in tailoring the design and procedure for successful total knee arthroplasty.
Development of neutral-beam-assisted etcher (1995)

Advanced neutral-beam-assisted etching machines have been developed for very low-damage SiO2 etching. The etching reactions are enhanced by a neutral beam and neutral radicals. This enhancement effect was first demonstrated by a prototype etcher equipped with independent sources for the neutral beam and neutral radicals. Next, a simple co-axial type etcher was developed. Only one co-axial discharge tube generates two cylindrical plasmas: the inner one is a neutral beam source; the outer one is a neutral radical source. The typical SiO2 etch rate was 60 nm/min. To further increase the etch rate, the beam and etching characteristics were studied in detail. We found that the neutral radical density had to be increased. To achieve a high etch rate, a tandem type etcher was designed and developed. It generates two plasmas side by side in only one discharge tube. This etcher can supply high-density uniform neutral radicals from one of the tandem plasmas very close to the specimen. This new etcher is expected to be a significant advance toward the development of a practical, low-damage, high rate etcher.
Analysis on the Coupling Experimental Environment of Rain and Snow Disaster (2020)

This article uses the ISD surface meteorological observation data set on the NCEI database website under NOAA, selects the sites with latitude and longitude within (105°E~117.5°E,24°N~32.5°N),and analyzes the basics of winter from 2001 to 2010. The meteorological element data provides a reference for the environmental parameter setting of the disaster experiment platform. Statistical analysis found that the 2008 rain and snow freezing disasters were characterized by rapid temperature drops below 0 °C and increased relative humidity for a short period of time. The observed wind speed at the site did not change significantly, and the wind direction was chaotic. Finally, the three basic meteorological elements of temperature, relative humidity and wind speed are selected for normalization, and the rain and snow freezing disaster index is added and generated according to the weight. The choice of weighting factor scheme is based on the province. According to the unified standard, Guizhou Province is (0.65, 0.3, 0.05), and Hunan and Jiangxi are (0.55, 0.4, 0.05).
Persistent Reinforcement Learning via Subgoal Curricula (2021)

Reinforcement learning (RL) promises to enable autonomous acquisition of complex behaviors for diverse agents. However, the success of current reinforcement learning algorithms is predicated on an often under-emphasised requirement -- each trial needs to start from a fixed initial state distribution. Unfortunately, resetting the environment to its initial state after each trial requires substantial amount of human supervision and extensive instrumentation of the environment which defeats the purpose of autonomous reinforcement learning. In this work, we propose Value-accelerated Persistent Reinforcement Learning (VaPRL), which generates a curriculum of initial states such that the agent can bootstrap on the success of easier tasks to efficiently learn harder tasks. The agent also learns to reach the initial states proposed by the curriculum, minimizing the reliance on human interventions into the learning. We observe that VaPRL reduces the interventions required by three orders of magnitude compared to episodic RL while outperforming prior state-of-the art methods for reset-free RL both in terms of sample efficiency and asymptotic performance on a variety of simulated robotics problems.
Evaluation of antifriction bearing lubrication methods on motor life-cycle cost (1999)

The main cause of induction motor failures is bearing failure. Antifriction bearing failures most commonly are the consequences of inadequate lubrication. Antifriction motor bearings are found in four lubrication configurations: re-greasable, sealed, oil mist, and oil lubricated. Bearings are oil lubricated when the operating conditions (i.e., bearing size, speed, thrust, etc.) require it. However, there is much debate about the "best" lubrication configuration, given a choice between re-greasable, sealed, or oil-misted bearings. Within their own rights, all three methods have their advantages. Selection of the proper configuration is dependent upon many factors, such as motor size/type (i.e. bearing size/type), plant maintenance practice, bearing replacement availability/cost, duty cycle, environmental conditions, and downtime cost. This paper discusses the relationship between these factors and lubrication configuration, and presents an analysis of the subsequent impact on bearing life and system cost.
Gene Therapy Approaches for Lysosomal Storage Disease: Next-Generation Treatment (2012)

Lysosomal storage diseases are a group of rare inborn errors of metabolism resulting from deficiency in normal lysosomal function. These diseases are characterized by progressive accumulation of storage material within the lysosomes of affected cells, ultimately leading to cellular dysfunction. Multiple tissues ranging from musculoskeletal and visceral to tissues of the central nervous system are typically involved in disease pathology. Since the advent of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) to manage some LSDs, general clinical outcomes have significantly improved; however, treatment with infused protein is lifelong and continued disease progression is still evident in patients. Viral gene therapy may provide a viable alternative or adjunctive therapy to current management strategies for LSDs. In this review, we discuss the various viral vector systems that have been developed and some of the strategy designs for the treatment of LSDs.
Reduction of indolo[2,3‐a]quinolizidines with baker's yeast (1995)

Abstract The reduction of several indolo[2,3‐ a ]quinolizidines with Baker's yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) affords novel reduction products resulting from reduction of the indole double bond, cleavage of the C‐D ring junction, or reduction of a lactam to a carbinol amine, as determined by high resolution mass spectrometry.
Next Generation Extractants for Cesium Separation from High-Level Waste: From Fundamental Concepts to Site Implementation (2003)

Calix[4]arenebiscrown-6 molecules are currently the selected technology for removal of radioactive cesium-137 from DOE nuclear wastes. By attachment of an acidic function to such molecules, the efficiency with which cesium ion can be extracted from an aqueous solution into an organic diluent is markedly increased since the requirement for concomitant extraction of an aqueous phase anion is avoided. Thus, cesium ion extraction by proton-ionizable calix[4]arenebiscrown-6 molecules may be the ''second-generation'' technology for removal of cesium-137 from DOE nuclear wastes. During Year 1 of this EMSP project, we have established synthetic routes to new, lipophilic, proton-ionizable calix[4]arenebiscrown-6 molecules to be evaluated for solvent extraction of cesium ion at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Analogous calix[4]arenecrown-6 compounds are also being prepared to determine if even higher cesium ion selectivities can be obtained with extractants having a single crown ether unit.
mei-W68 in Drosophila melanogaster encodes a Spo11 homolog: evidence that the mechanism for initiating meiotic recombination is conserved (1998)

Meiotic recombination requires the action of several gene products in both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster. Genetic studies in D. melanogaster have shown that the mei-W68 gene is required for all meiotic gene conversion and crossing-over. We cloned mei-W68 using a new genetic mapping method in which P elements are used to promote crossing-over at their insertion sites. This resulted in the high-resolution mapping of mei-W68 to a <18-kb region that contains a homolog of the S. cerevisiae spo11 gene. Molecular analysis of several mutants confirmed that mei-W68 encodes an spo11 homolog. Spo11 and MEI-W68 are members of a family of proteins similar to a novel type II topoisomerase. On the basis of this and other lines of evidence, Spo11 has been proposed to be the enzymatic activity that creates the double-strand breaks needed to initiate meiotic recombination. This raises the possibility that recombination in Drosophila is also initiated by double-strand breaks. Although these homologous genes are required absolutely for recombination in both species, their roles differ in other respects. In contrast to spo11, mei-W68 is not required for synaptonemal complex formation and does have a mitotic role.
Fast incremental CRC updates for IP over ATM networks (2002)

In response to the increasing network speeds, many operations in IP routers and similar devices are being made more efficient. With the advances in other areas of packet processing, the verification and regeneration of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) codes of the data link layer is likely to become a bottleneck in the near future. In this paper, we present a mechanism to defer CRC verification without compromising reliability. This opens the possibility of incremental updates of the CRC. We introduce a new high-speed technique and present efficient implementations, speeding up CRC processing by a factor of 15. Although the paper and analysis focuses on IP over ATM, the scheme applies to a much wider set of network protocols.
Imbalance aware lithography hotspot detection: a deep learning approach (2017)

With the advancement of VLSI technology nodes, light diffraction caused lithographic hotspots have become a serious problem affecting manufacture yield. Lithography hotspot detection at the post-OPC stage is imperative to check potential circuit failures when transferring designed patterns onto silicon wafers. Although conventional lithography hotspot detection methods, such as machine learning, have gained satisfactory performance, with extreme scaling of transistor feature size and more and more complicated layout patterns, conventional methodologies may suffer from performance degradation. For example, manual or ad hoc feature extraction in a machine learning framework may lose important information when predicting potential errors in ultra-large-scale integrated circuit masks. In this paper, we present a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) targeting representative feature learning in lithography hotspot detection. We carefully analyze impact and effectiveness of different CNN hyper-parameters, through which a hotspot-detection-oriented neural network model is established. Because hotspot patterns are always minorities in VLSI mask design, the training data set is highly imbalanced. In this situation, a neural network is no longer reliable, because a trained model with high classification accuracy may still suffer from high false negative results (missing hotspots), which is fatal in hotspot detection problems. To address the imbalance problem, we further apply minority upsampling and random-mirror flipping before training the network. Experimental results show that our proposed neural network model achieves highly comparable or better performance on the ICCAD 2012 contest benchmark compared to state-of-the-art hotspot detectors based on deep or representative machine leaning.
An algebraic perspective to single-transponder underwater navigation (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
The Study of Decompression Tube Method for the Obstructive Colorectal Cancer (2000)

大腸癌イレウス36例 (男性28例, 女性8例, 46～88歳, 平均66.9歳) に対する術前減圧チューブ法 (イレウス管, 経肛門的減圧チューブ) による消化管減圧効果と術式, 術後合併症を検討した。イレウス管は右側大腸癌, 経肛門的減圧チューブは左側大腸癌の症例の減圧に良い適応であり, 術後合併症の点から減圧成功例では一期的手術, 不成功例では二期的手術が望ましいと考えられた。減圧期間は10日目までを目安とし, 減圧不良例では手術療法を選択すべきと考える。合併症発生率は, 減圧成功群が減圧不成功群より有意に少なかった (p＜0.01) 。合併症の種類は, 前者では癒着性イレウス, 後者では創感染が最も多かった。
Classifying the Unstructured IT Service Desk Tickets Using Ensemble of Classifiers (2018)

Manual classification of IT service desk tickets may result in routing of the tickets to the wrong resolution group. Incorrect assignment of IT service desk tickets leads to reassignment of tickets, unnecessary resource utilization and delays the resolution time. Traditional machine learning algorithms can be used to automatically classify the IT service desk tickets. Service desk ticket classifier models can be trained by mining the historical unstructured ticket description and the corresponding label. The model can then be used to classify the new service desk ticket based on the ticket description. The performance of the traditional classifier systems can be further improved by using various ensemble of classification techniques. This paper brings out the three most popular ensemble methods ie, Bagging, Boosting and Voting ensemble for combining the predictions from different models to further improve the accuracy of the ticket classifier system. The performance of the ensemble classifier system is checked against the individual base classifiers using various performance metrics. Ensemble of classifiers performed well in comparison with the corresponding base classifiers. The advantages of building such an automated ticket classifier systems are simplified user interface, faster resolution time, improved productivity, customer satisfaction and growth in business. The real world service desk ticket data from a large enterprise IT infrastructure is used for our research purpose.
Thermal and magnetic design of 8 MB/s MO disk (1991)

A highly power-sensitive and field-sensitive magnetooptic disk has been developed for an 8-MB/s, 3600-rpm, 30-GB, 10-in five-fold stacked disk system. The disk structure is of (Al-alloy/nitride/PtCo/TbFeCo/nitride) on glass-2p substrate. Power sensitivity has been improved by setting the thickness of metal layers thin enough (Al-alloy: 50 nm, TbFeCo: 20 nm) and Curie temperature at 190 degrees C so as to enable the use of a conventional 30-to-40 mW laser. The compensation temperature of TbFeCo is elevated to about 130 degrees C in order to restrict pit size distribution in a narrow range. The thinning of the metal layers also plays a role in precise pit-edge control by restricting written pit expansion to avoid tear-drop-like pit recording. Insertion of a capping layer of PtCo exchange-coupled to TbFeCo on top improves the field sensitivity drastically to obtain a switching field as low as 100 Oe, enabling the reduction of the bias field coil, which is desirable for high-speed devices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Adaptive learning of behavioral tasks for patients with Parkinson's disease using signals from deep brain stimulation (2014)

We propose adaptive learning methods for identifying different behavioral tasks of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The methods use local field potential (LFP) signals that were collected during Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) implantation surgeries. Using time-frequency signal processing methods, features are first extracted and then clustered in the feature space using two different methods. The first method requires training and uses a hybrid model that combines support vector machines and hidden Markov models. The second method does not require any a priori information and uses Dirichlet process Gaussian mixture models. Using the DBS acquired signals, we demonstrate the performance of both methods in clustering different behavioral tasks of PD patients and discuss the advantages of each method under different conditions.
Efficient Design Using Successive Analytical Subproblems Method: Application to Axial Magnetic Couplings (2015)

We propose a simple, but efficient method for design problems. Instead of using directly, a heavy numerical code in an optimization process, we successively define some approximated subproblems because of an appropriate analytical model. These subproblems can then be solved exactly by a deterministic global optimization solver and the procedure is updated until the approximation matches a 3-D FEM computation. The method is applied to an axial magnetic coupling. Comparative results show the effectiveness of this approach, and real design cases are studied because of this method.
Ultra-Low Power Receiver Architecture with Enhanced Input Signal Swing for Improved Sensitivity (2020)

This paper proposes an ultra-low power receiver architecture and compares the performance with state-of-the-art receiver architectures through system simulations. Such a specially designed receiver can be used in an energy-autonomous always-on cognitive camera for more longevity and durability. The receiver's power consumption should be extremely low in order to sustain the battery capacity for a long duration. The proposed architecture achieves the specifications of minimal power consumption as well as better sensitivity at 2.4 GHz frequency. The proposed receiver which is implemented in Advanced Design System (ADS) simulator achieves a sensitivity of -74 dBm at 1 Mbps (10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> bit error rate) with fewer power-consuming blocks.
Yo persigo una forma : la poética de Raúl Renán = I purseu a form, Raúl Renán poetry (2014)

1 archivo PDF (30 páginas). fhduodequinquaginta
Multiterminal Conductance of a Floquet Topological Insulator (2014)

We report on simulations of the dc conductance and quantum Hall response of a Floquet topological insulator using Floquet scattering theory. Our results reveal that laser-induced edge states lead to quantum Hall plateaus once imperfect matching with the nonilluminated leads is lessened. The magnitude of the Hall plateaus, however, is not directly related to the number and chirality of all the edge states at a given energy, as usual. Instead, the plateaus are dominated by those edge states adding to the time-averaged density of states. Therefore, the dc quantum Hall conductance of a Floquet topological insulator is not directly linked to topological invariants of the full Floquet bands.
Selective Epitaxy of Si and SiGe for Future MOS Devices (2009)

Selective epitaxial growth of Si and SiGe films has been applied to the fabrication of many high-performance MOSFETs, because new device structures can be realized by selective epitaxial growth. Selective growth of Si and SiGe at the source/drain region is the most well-known example. Selective growth on S/D region is especially important for FinFETs, which is one of the most promising candidate for future MOS devices. By using selective epitaxy of Si:C, precise device design can be realized. Multi-stacked structure, which is also a candidate for next-generation devices, can be fabricated with SiGe epitaxial growth.
QTL for Yield Traits and Their Association with Functional Genes in Response to Phosphorus Deficiency in Brassica napus (2013)

The stable QTLs detected under LP conditions and their candidate genes may provide useful information for marker-assisted selection in breeding high-yield B. napus varieties with improved P efficiency.