gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrical restitution process in dispersed canine cardiac Purkinje and ventricular cells (1987)

Rate-dependent changes in cardiac action potential duration (APD) have been related to ion accumulation and depletion in restricted extracellular spaces. Isolated cardiac cells lack intercellular clefts and thus are less likely than intact tissue to experience ionic transients immediately outside the plasma membrane. Furthermore, isolated Purkinje cells lack the T tubules found in ventricular tissue and cells, which also can be a site of ion accumulation and depletion. We therefore employed single canine ventricular and Purkinje cells to investigate the contribution of restricted spaces to the electrical restitution process. In both cell types, abrupt changes in cycle length do not alter resting potential, but APD alters with a time constant of approximately 1 min. In addition, both preparations exhibit two components to the electrical restitution process of the APD. The rapid component has a time constant of 66 +/- 17 ms in the ventricle cells and 186 +/- 43 ms in the Purkinje cells. The slower component is both smaller and more variable. These values are similar to those reported in intact canine ventricular and Purkinje tissue. Thus the restitution process of APD, as measured in these isolated cardiac cells, is not markedly dependent on the presence or absence of restricted extracellular spaces.
Graft Polymerization of Acrylic Acid on the Surface of Mono-Disperse Polymer Particles Using RAFT Agents (2015)

スチレン(St)，グリシジルメタクリル酸エステル(GMA)，ジビニルベンゼン(DVB)を原料に無乳化剤乳化重合法にて，単分散型高分子微粒子を調製した．この高分子微粒子表面にRAFT剤を化学的に固定化するためにまず，リンカー分子としてエチレングリコールビス(3-アミノプロピル)エーテル(EGAE)を導入後，ジチオエステル系RAFT 残基がリンカー末端にアミド結合したRAFT-1粒子を調製した．RAFT剤の導入量(Loading Capacity (LC))は，硫黄原子Sの元素分析値から200 µmol/gと見積もった．RAFT-1粒子存在下アクリル酸モノマーをもちいて，RAFT重合を行い，ポリアクリル酸が表面グラフト重合した粒子径333 nmの単分散型高分子微粒子(SG-PAA-1)の合成に成功した．同様にトリチオ炭酸エステル系RAFT剤を表面固定化したRAFT-2粒子では，RAFT剤の導入量は40 µmol/gと低く，アクリル酸を重合した後の粒子径は448 nmとなった(SG-PAA-2)．SG-PAA-1粒子の水分散溶液は，pH 2以下の酸性領域では，微粒子が凝集沈降したが，中性に戻すと再び均一分散した．
CCN5/WISP-2 Expression in Breast Adenocarcinoma Is Associated with Less Frequent Progression of the Disease and Suppresses the Invasive Phenotypes of Tumor Cells (2008)

Although previous in vitro studies predicted that CCN5/WISP-2 may act as an anti-invasive gene in breast cancer, the distribution pattern of CCN5 in breast cancer samples is conflicting. Thus, we systematically investigated the CCN5 expression profile in noninvasive and invasive breast tumor samples and its functional relevance in breast cancer progression. The studies showed that CCN5 expression is biphasic, such that in normal samples CCN5 expression is undetectable, whereas its expression is markedly increased in noninvasive breast lesions, including atypical ductal hyperplasia and ductal carcinoma in situ. Further, CCN5 mRNA and protein levels are significantly reduced as the cancer progresses from a noninvasive to invasive type. Additionally, we showed that CCN5 mRNA and protein level was almost undetectable in poorly differentiated cancers compared with the moderately or well-differentiated samples and its expression inversely correlated with lymph node positivity. The result was further supported by evaluating the RNA expression profile in microdissected sections using real-time PCR analysis. Therefore, our data suggest a protective function of CCN5 in noninvasive breast tumor cells. This hypothesis was further supported by our in vitro studies illuminating that CCN5 is a negative regulator of migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, and these events could be regulated by CCN5 through the modulation of the expression of genes essential for an invasive front. These include Snail-E-cadherin signaling and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-2. Collectively, these studies suggest that the protective effect of CCN5 in breast cancer progression may have important therapeutic implications.
Endogenous Activation of Latent Collagenase by Rheumatoid Synovial Cells (1977)

To elucidate the mechanism of synovial damage in rheumatoid arthritis, we studied the activation of latent collagenases released from adherent rheumatoid synovial cells in culture. Latent enzyme was not complexed with α2 macroglobulin, the principal proteinase inhibitor in serum, and could be activated by trypsin in the presence of α2, macroglobulin if sufficient proteinase was added to saturate inhibitor. Latent collagenase bound half as effectively to collagen fibrils as active enzyme. Plasmin was a threefold better activator of latent enzyme than trypsin and could be generated by addition of plasminogen to synovial-cell cultures. Production of both collagenase and plasminogen activator was inhibited by dexamethasone (10–9 M). These studies emphasize the importance of control of activation in regulating collagenase activity. It is likely that rheumatoid synovium produces both latent collagenase and plasminogen activator; plasmin is activated from its zymogen, plasminogen, present in inflamed tissues, and in turn activates collagenase. (N Engl J Med 296:1017–1023, 1977)
Multimedia wireless link controlled sharing with class-based packet scheduling (2004)

Controlled sharing of the wireless link by different packet streams is critical in transporting multimedia traffic across wireless networks. Consequently, it has been treated as providing support for quality of service (QoS) in medium access control (MAC) protocols. This paper proposes a distributed class-based access scheme whose allocation policy adopts token passing packet scheduling, designed to handle efficiently different service classes of traffic in heavy load wireless networks. The traffic is divided into three classes by QoS specifications and packet characteristics, and served with asymmetric exhaustive discipline. The probability generating function based on embedded Markov chain for this discrete-time system is derived. We employ basic queuing analysis methodologies, calculate the average buffer size of each class queue at polling instants and then apply Little's law to find the average delay. Experiments are conducted to validate the new strategy, and the performance is analyzed and evaluated. Finally, we visualize and compare how the relative variable parameters effect on system characteristics.
Balancing the Old With the New (2018)

In this article the authors articulate four separate models that consider the inter-relationships between Explicit and Implicit Corporate Social Responsibility. These models suggest that the transition from a traditional and 'quiet' social responsibility approach to a strategic and more expressive communication is design is variable and influenced by both institutional and firm level factors. At the institutional level, market liberalization, social legacy, localization forces and cultural legitimacy may all help predict where firms exist along the Explicit-Implicit continuum. Organizationally, strategy, social significance, market size and space, and self-determinism to moderate the extent to which firm adopts or resists Explicit CSRS. By considering these models and their related factors individually, the authors present a rich framework to educate future research in social responsibility and social change.
EH Modelling and Achievable Rate for FSO SWIPT Systems with Non-linear Photovoltaic Receivers (2023)

In this paper, we study optical simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems, where a photovoltaic optical receiver (RX) is illuminated by ambient light and an intensity-modulated free space optical (FSO) signal. To facilitate simultaneous information reception and energy harvesting (EH) at the RX, the received optical signal is first converted to an electrical signal, and then, its alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) components are separated and utilized for information decoding and EH, respectively. By accurately analysing the equivalent electrical circuit of the photovoltaic RX, we model the current flow through the photovoltaic p-n junction in both the low and high input power regimes using a two-diode model of the p-n junction and we derive a closed-form non-linear EH model that characterizes the harvested power at the RX. Furthermore, taking into account the non-linear behaviour of the photovoltaic RX on information reception, we derive the optimal distribution of the transmit information signal that maximizes the achievable information rate. The proposed EH model is validated by circuit simulation results. Furthermore, we compare with two baseline models based on maximum power point (MPP) tracking at the RX and a single-diode p-n junction model, respectively, and demonstrate that in contrast to the proposed EH model, they are not able to fully capture the non-linearity of photovoltaic optical RXs. Finally, our numerical results highlight that the proposed optimal distribution of the transmit signal yields significantly higher achievable information rates compared to uniformly distributed transmit signals, which are optimal for linear optical information RXs.
A polarization independent liquid crystal adaptive optics system (2010)

A liquid crystal device is normally limited to use with polarized light, resulting in a loss of 50% of the incident unpolarized light. In this paper, a polarization independent liquid crystal adaptive optics wavefront correction system is demonstrated. In the demonstration system, a quarter-waveplate (QWP) and mirror combination are used to rotate the plane of polarization by 90° on the return pass. The result is that both orthogonal components of the incident unpolarized light are phase modulated by the liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) device. Theoretical analysis shows that the optical throughput of the novel system is about 19.7% higher than that of a standard, polarized LC adaptive optics system. As a demonstration, we used the LC adaptive optics system to correct the aberration of unpolarized light, and obtained a clear image of the unpolarized light source.
Designing an FPGA SoC using a standardized IP block interface (2006)

Designing systems on-chip is becoming increasingly popular as die sizes increase and technology sizes decrease. The complexity of integrating different types of processing elements (PEs) that use different communication protocols and interfaces complicates the system-level design methodology. Recent work provided a proof of concept demonstrating how a controller could be used to provide a generic system-level interface that separates the functionality of a PE from its communication protocols and makes the actual physical interconnections between modules a lesser problem. This paper summarizes how the SIMPPL model is able to implement the system-specific requirements of an MPEG-1 video decoder and the overhead this framework incurs.
Severe Skin Toxicity in Pediatric Oncology Patients Treated with Voriconazole and Concomitant Methotrexate (2013)

We report the occurrence of skin toxicities in pediatric oncology patients on concomitant treatment with voriconazole and methotrexate (MTX). Of 23 patients who received this combination, 11 patients suffered from cheilitis and/or photosensitivity. In contrast, only in 1 of 9 patients who received voriconazole without MTX was photosensitivity observed. A mechanism of action was not able to be identified. We describe two cases with severe skin toxicities. Caution is warranted when using voriconazole and concomitant MTX.
Anti-colon antibody and lymphocytophilic antibody in ulcerative colitis. (1982)

The presence of anti-colon antibody in the sera from patients with ulcerative colitis was demonstrated by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) assay. In addition, the high prevalence of lymphocytophilic antibody in the sera from patients with ulcerative colitis was obtained by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis. This lymphocytophilic antibody was absorbed by rat colon epithelial cells. Moreover the lymphocytes from ulcerative colitis showed lower binding capacity to this antibody, but acquired higher binding capacity after 20 hr incubation at 37 degrees C in vitro. These data suggest that ADCC may have some role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.
A timesaving, low-cost, high-yield method for the synthesis of ultrasmall uniform graphene oxide nanosheets and their application in surfactants (2015)

Graphene oxide nanosheets (GONSs) with a lateral size less than 100 nm have attracted more and more attention for their wide range of potential applications, from bionanotechnology and nanobiomedicine to surfactants. However, at present GONSs are commonly prepared from graphite nanofibers or graphite nanopowders which are both expensive. Here, a timesaving, low-cost, high-yield method is proposed for preparing ultrasmall uniform GONSs with an average lateral size of ∼30 nm, utilizing common graphite powder as the raw material in the absence of a strong acid. The obtained GONSs are able to disperse single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) effectively, and the dispersion could withstand high-speed centrifugation. Consequently, GONSs could indeed serve as a superior surfactant for the dispersion of SWCNTs, and the dispersion could be further applied in electronics, as the GONSs may be further reduced to reduced GONSs or graphene nanosheets.
A Generic Framework for Efficient 2-D and 3-D Facial Expression Analogy (2007)

Facial expression analogy provides computer animation professionals with a tool to map expressions of an arbitrary source face onto an arbitrary target face. In the recent past, several algorithms have been presented in the literature that aim at putting the expression analogy paradigm into practice. Some of these methods exclusively handle expression mapping between 3-D face models, while others enable the transfer of expressions between images of faces only. None of them, however, represents a more general framework that can be applied to either of these two face representations. In this paper, we describe a novel generic method for analogy-based facial animation that employs the same efficient framework to transfer facial expressions between arbitrary 3-D face models, as well as between images of performer's faces. We propose a novel geometry encoding for triangle meshes, vertex-tent-coordinates, that enables us to formulate expression transfer in the 2-D and the 3-D case as a solution to a simple system of linear equations. Our experiments show that our method outperforms many previous analogy-based animation approaches in terms of achieved animation quality, computation time and generality.
Single ion TRICS (1994)

A Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer has been used to trap individual, multiply charged ions of high molecular weight polymers, such as poly(ethylene oxide) (PEG). Accurate mass measurements of electrosprayed ions, or other multiply charge ions, requires determination of charge state. Trapping two or more large individual ions with the same mass, differing only by one additional charge is highly unlikely. Thus, exact mass assignments based on the measurement of charge state spacing to determine molecular weight is not feasible. Therefore, a new scheme was required to determine the mass of individual ions based on the observation of m/z shifts (i.e., cyclotron frequency shifts) resulting from reactions such as charge exchange or the adduction of a substance of a known mass. A new technique for mass determination of individual ions has been developed based on the observation of cyclotron frequency shifts during the time-domain acquisition period. This Time Resolved Ion Correlation (TRIC) technique allows reactant and product ions to be correlated with confidence by segmented Fourier transformation and comparison of extracted time-domain signals, and provides the basis for simultaneously studying a moderate number of ions.
Data from The BRAF and MEK Inhibitors Dabrafenib and Trametinib: Effects on Immune Function and in Combination with Immunomodulatory Antibodies Targeting PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To assess the immunologic effects of dabrafenib and trametinib &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and to test whether trametinib potentiates or antagonizes the activity of immunomodulatory antibodies &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Immune effects of dabrafenib and trametinib were evaluated in human CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells from healthy volunteers, a panel of human tumor cell lines, and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; using a CT26 mouse model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Dabrafenib enhanced pERK expression levels and did not suppress human CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; or CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell function. Trametinib reduced pERK levels, and resulted in partial/transient inhibition of T-cell proliferation/expression of a cytokine and immunomodulatory gene subset, which is context dependent. Trametinib effects were partially offset by adding dabrafenib. Dabrafenib and trametinib in &lt;i&gt;BRAF&lt;/i&gt; V600E/K, and trametinib in &lt;i&gt;BRAF&lt;/i&gt; wild-type tumor cells induced apoptosis markers, upregulated HLA molecule expression, and downregulated certain immunosuppressive factors such as PD-L1, IL1, IL8, NT5E, and VEGFA. PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was upregulated after acquiring resistance to BRAF inhibition &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. Combinations of trametinib with immunomodulators targeting PD-1, PD-L1, or CTLA-4 in a CT26 model were more efficacious than any single agent. The combination of trametinib with anti–PD-1 increased tumor-infiltrating CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in CT26 tumors. Concurrent or phased sequential treatment, defined as trametinib lead-in followed by trametinib plus anti–PD-1 antibody, demonstrated superior efficacy compared with anti–PD-1 antibody followed by anti–PD-1 plus trametinib.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; These findings support the potential for synergy between targeted therapies dabrafenib and trametinib and immunomodulatory antibodies. Clinical exploration of such combination regimens is under way. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 21(7); 1639–51. ©2015 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
280: Urotheual Proteoglycans of the Normal Human and Interstitial Cystitis Bladder (2006)

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster, Sunday, May 21, 2006, 10:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2006280: Urotheual Proteoglycans of the Normal Human and Interstitial Cystitis Bladder Jeremy A. Davis, Paul Hauser, Kimberly D. Kyker, Robert E. Hurst, and Daniel J. Culkin Jeremy A. DavisJeremy A. Davis More articles by this author , Paul HauserPaul Hauser More articles by this author , Kimberly D. KykerKimberly D. Kyker More articles by this author , Robert E. HurstRobert E. Hurst More articles by this author , and Daniel J. CulkinDaniel J. Culkin More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)32547-3AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "280: Urotheual Proteoglycans of the Normal Human and Interstitial Cystitis Bladder." The Journal of Urology, 175(4S), p. 93 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 4SApril 2006Page: 93 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Jeremy A. Davis More articles by this author Paul Hauser More articles by this author Kimberly D. Kyker More articles by this author Robert E. Hurst More articles by this author Daniel J. Culkin More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Neural Implicit Shape Editing using Boundary Sensitivity (2023)

Neural fields are receiving increased attention as a geometric representation due to their ability to compactly store detailed and smooth shapes and easily undergo topological changes. Compared to classic geometry representations, however, neural representations do not allow the user to exert intuitive control over the shape. Motivated by this, we leverage boundary sensitivity to express how perturbations in parameters move the shape boundary. This allows to interpret the effect of each learnable parameter and study achievable deformations. With this, we perform geometric editing: finding a parameter update that best approximates a globally prescribed deformation. Prescribing the deformation only locally allows the rest of the shape to change according to some prior, such as semantics or deformation rigidity. Our method is agnostic to the model its training and updates the NN in-place. Furthermore, we show how boundary sensitivity helps to optimize and constrain objectives (such as surface area and volume), which are difficult to compute without first converting to another representation, such as a mesh.
Poster — Thur Eve — 25: In vivo dosimetric verification of intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (2012)

Dosimetric verification of patient treatment plans has become increasingly important due to the widespread use of complicated delivery techniques. IMRT and VMAT treatments are typically verified prior to start of the patient's course of treatment, using a point dose and/or a film measurement. Pre‐treatment verification will not detect patient or machine‐related errors; therefore, in vivo dosimetric verification is the only way to determine if the patient's treatment was delivered correctly. Portal images were acquired throughout the course of five prostate and six head‐and‐neck patient IMRT treatments. The corresponding predicted images were calculated using a previously developed portal dose image prediction algorithm, which combines a versatile fluence model with a patient scatter and EPID dose prediction model. The prostate patient image agreement was found to vary day‐to‐day due to rectal gas pockets and the effect of adjustable support rails on the patient couch. The head‐and‐neck patient images were observed to be more consistent daily, but an increased measured dose was evident at the periphery of the patient, likely due to patient weight loss. The majority of the fields agreed within 3% and 3 mm for greater than 90% of the pixels, as established by the χ‐comparison. This work demonstrates the changes in patient anatomy that are detectable with the portal dose image prediction model. Prior to clinical implementation, the effect of the couch must be incorporated into the model, the image acquisition must be automatically scheduled and routine EPID QA must be undertaken to ensure the collection of high‐quality EPID images.
Differential Fault Attacks on Deterministic Lattice Signatures (2018)

In this paper, we extend the applicability of differential fault attacks to lattice-based cryptography. We show how two deterministic lattice-based signature schemes, Dilithium and qTESLA, are vulnerable to such attacks. In particular, we demonstrate that single random faults can result in a nonce-reuse scenario which allows key recovery. We also expand this to fault-induced partial nonce-reuse attacks, which do not corrupt the validity of the computed signatures and thus are harder to detect.Using linear algebra and lattice-basis reduction techniques, an attacker can extract one of the secret key elements after a successful fault injection. Some other parts of the key cannot be recovered, but we show that a tweaked signature algorithm can still successfully sign any message. We provide experimental verification of our attacks by performing clock glitching on an ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller. In particular, we show that up to 65.2% of the execution time of Dilithium is vulnerable to an unprofiled attack, where a random fault is injected anywhere during the signing procedure and still leads to a successful key-recovery.
A randomized animal study evaluating the efficacies of locally delivered heparin and urokinase for reducing in-stent restenosis (1997)

Local deliveries of heparin and urokinase via the Dispatch catheter, at the chosen dosages, do not reduce in-stent neointimal hyperplasia in this porcine model.