gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Restoring consistent global states of distributed computations (1991)

We present a mechanism for restoring any consistent global state of a distributed computation.
Anti-HMGCR Myopathy (2018)

Anti-HMGCR myopathy was first recognized and characterized in patients with a history of statin exposure and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. After the discovery of anti-HMGCR autoantibodies, several international groups identified and characterized more patients, expanding the phenotypic spectrum of this disease to include pediatric patients and young adults without statin exposure and those with a chronic myopathy resembling limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. We provide a summary of clinical findings, pathologic features, muscle imaging, and immunogenetic risk factors of the disease. We also discuss the current treatment strategies and approaches to monitoring the therapeutic response. Lastly, we briefly summarize the current understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease and postulate a model for autoimmunity initiation and propagation in this disease.
Low stroke incidence in the TEMPiS telestroke network during COVID-19 pandemic: Effect of lockdown on thrombolysis and thrombectomy (2020)

The reduced stroke incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic may in part be explained by patient avoidance to seek emergency stroke care and may have an association to population mobility. Increasing mobility may induce a rebound effect and may conflict with a potential second COVID-19 wave. Telemedical networks may be ideal databases to study such effects in near-real time.
Peptide-DNA origami as a cryoprotectant for cell preservation (2022)

Cryopreservation of cells is essential for the conservation and cold chain of bioproducts and cell-based medicines. Here, we demonstrate that self-assembled DNA origami nanostructures have a substantial ability to protect cells undergoing freeze-thaw cycles; thereby, they can be used as cryoprotectant agents, because their nanoscale morphology and ice-philicity are tailored. In particular, a single-layered DNA origami nanopatch functionalized with antifreezing threonine peptides enabled the viability of HSC-3 cells to reach 56% after 1 month of cryopreservation, surpassing dimethyl sulfoxide, which produced 38% viability. It also exhibited minimal dependence on the cryopreservation period and freezing conditions. We attribute this outcome to the fact that the peptide-functionalized DNA nanopatches exert multisite actions for the retardation of ice growth in both intra- and extracellular regions and the protection of cell membranes during cryopreservation. This discovery is expected to deepen our fundamental understanding of cell survival under freezing environment and affect current cryopreservation technologies.
Time to redefine endometriosis including its pro-fibrotic nature (2017)

Endometriosis is currently defined as presence of endometrial epithelial and stromal cells at ectopic sites. This simple and straightforward definition has served us well since its original introduction. However, with advances in disease knowledge, endometrial stromal and glands have been shown to represent only a minor component of endometriotic lesions and they are often absent in some disease forms. In rectovaginal nodules, the glandular epithelium is often not surrounded by stroma and frequently no epithelium can be identified in the wall of ovarian endometriomas. On the other hand, a smooth muscle component and fibrosis represent consistent features of all disease forms. Based on these observations, we believe that the definition of endometriosis should be reconsidered and reworded as 'A fibrotic condition in which endometrial stroma and epithelium can be identified'. The main reasons for this change are: (1) to foster the evaluation of fibrosis in studies on endometriosis pathogenesis using animal models; (2) to limit potential false negative diagnoses if pathologists stick stringently to the current definition of endometriosis requiring the demonstration of endometrial stromal and glands; (3) to consider fibrosis as a potential target for treatment in endometriosis. This opinion article is aimed at boosting the attention paid to a largely neglected aspect of the disease. We hope that targeting the fibrotic process might increase success in developing new therapeutic approaches.
4-aminopyridine promotes accelerated skin wound healing (2021)

Abstract The discovery of ways to enhance skin healing is of great importance due to the frequency and severity of skin wounds. We discovered that 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a potassium channel blocker, greatly enhances skin wound healing. Benefits include faster wound closure, restoration of normal-appearing skin architecture and epidermal thickness, increased vascularization and increases in K14 + keratinocytes. Hair follicle number was increased, both histologically and by analysis of K15 and K17 expression. Levels of vimentin (which marks fibroblasts) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA, which marks collagen-producing myofibroblasts) increased, as did α-SMA + cell numbers. 4-AP also increased numbers of axons and S-100 + Schwann cells, and increased expression of p75-NTR and SOX10. Treatment also increased levels of nerve growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, Substance P and PGP9.5, important modulators of wound healing. As 4-AP is already used for treatment of multiple sclerosis and other chronic neurological syndromes, it has strong potential for rapid translational development.
Research on Double-Layer Networks-on-Chip for Inter-Chiplet Data Switching on Active Interposers (2021)

The chiplet-based heterogeneous integration technology implemented on active interposers has been developing rapidly in recent years. However, as the bit widths of interactive data packet is getting larger and larger, for example, the bit widths of HBM (High Bandwidth Memory) has reached 1024 bits, the enormous wiring resources required for parallel data exchange and the complexity of wiring, as well as crosstalk issues inducted by high density interconnection, have necessitated the shift from parallel to serial mode data transmission, so as to effectively mitigate the intimidating challenges from exponential increase of wiring resource demands and interconnection density. However, the advantage of serial transmission is obtained at the cost of several signal integrity and power integrity issues brought by the steep rise/fall edge of the high-speed waveform, in addition to relatively reduced transmission bandwidth under certain occasions. As the bit width continues to increase, this cost becomes more and more unacceptable. NOC (Networks-on-chip) is one of the potential options to solve this problem. This paper proposes a new NOC architecture that is 2D-Mesh structured with a socalled “data station” core, featuring dual-port RAM. Compared with the traditional single-layer NOC, this scheme adopts a double-layer structure, in which the top layer is a network with four dual-port RAMs as the data storage center and circuit-switch as the data exchange network, responsible for data transmission. The bottom layer is a traditional packet-switch NOC used for address packet exchange. The advantage of this design scheme is a largely reduced resource and power consumption of the NOC, making the NOC more attractive for 2.5D integration, especially those based on active interposers.
Image Retrieval with a Visual Thesaurus (2010)

Current state-of-art of image retrieval methods represent images as an unordered collection of local patches, each of which is classified as a "visual word" from a fixed vocabulary. This paper presents a simple but innovative way to uncover the spatial relationship between visual words so that we can discover words that represent the same latent topic and thereby improve the retrieval results. The method in this paper is borrowed from text retrieval, and is analogous to a text thesaurus in that it describes a broad set of equivalence relationship between words. We evaluate our method on the popular Oxford Building dataset. This makes it possible to compare our method with previous work on image retrieval, and the results show that our method is comparable to more complex state of the art methods.
Use of Doppler sonography for revealing hepatic artery stenosis in liver transplant recipients. (1997)

Duplex Doppler imaging can noninvasively reveal HAS. Abnormal values for both RI and SAT proved to be a more accurate predictor of stenosis than either RI or SAT as independent parameters.
Virtual Networks in an Integrated Time-Triggered Architecture (2006)

Depending on the physical structuring of large distributed safety-critical real-time systems, one can distinguish federated and integrated system architectures. This paper investigates the communication services of an integrated system architecture, which combines the complexity management advantages of federated systems with the functional integration and hardware benefits of an integrated approach. A major challenge is the need to accommodate the communication services to the different types of integrated application subsystems that range from ultra-dependable control applications (e.g., an x-by-wire system) to non safety-critical applications such as multimedia or comfort systems. In particular, the encapsulation of the communication activities of different application subsystems is required not only to prevent error propagation from non safety-critical application subsystems to higher levels of criticality, but also to facilitate complexity management and permit independent development activities. This paper introduces virtual networks as the encapsulated communication infrastructure of an application subsystem in the integrated DECOS architecture. Virtual networks are constructed as overlay networks on top of the time-triggered communication system of a base architecture. Each virtual network runs a corresponding communication protocol that is determined either by a legacy platform or selected to meet the requirements of the application subsystem. Encapsulation mechanisms ensure that the temporal properties of each virtual network are known a priori and independent from the communication activities in other virtual networks. By assigning to each application subsystem a dedicated virtual network and by ensuring that the virtual network abstractions hold also in the case of faults, the integrated architecture supports the benefits of a federated system, such as fault isolation, complexity management, independent development, and intellectual property protection. In addition, virtual networks promise massive cost savings through the reduction of physical networks and reliability improvements with respect to wiring and connectors.
GaN epitaxial films grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy on polycrystalline chemical vapor deposition diamond substrates using surface nanostructuring with TiN or anodic Al oxide (2010)

Growth of GaN on polycrystalline chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond prepared on Si was achieved by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). If the polycrystalline CVD diamond is separated from the Si substrate and the side turned to Si is covered by either TiN or anodic Al oxide, this is found to facilitate deposition of good crystalline quality GaN films. Porous TiN in these experiments was formed by Ti evaporation and subsequent in situ nitridation in the HVPE reactor during pregrowth heating. The films showed double crystal x-ray (0002) rocking curve half width of 245 in. and a strong bandedge luminescence. Thick films self-separated from the substrate. When growing GaN on the Si side of the diamond substrate is covered with porous Al anodic oxide, the authors observed the formation of well defined (0001) GaN texture with the maximum angle between the c-axes of various grains lower than 6.5°, a very low (120 in.) half-width of the (0002) rocking curves of individual grains and an intense bandedge luminescence.
The Superiorities of Minimum Bayes Risk Linear Unbiased Estimator in Two Seemingly Unrelated Regressions 1 (2013)

In the system of two seemingly unrelated regressions, the minimum Bayes risk linear unbiased (MBRLU) estimators of regression parameters are derived. The superiorities of the MBRLU estimators over the classical estimators are investigated, respectively, in terms of the mean square error matrix (MSEM) criterion, the predictive Pitman closeness (PRPC) criterion and the posterior Pitman closeness (PPC) criterion.
Stochastic strength and size effect in ultra-high strength polyethylene fibres (1989)

Abstract A modified Poisson/Weibull probabilistic scheme is shown to yield accurate predictions for the mechanical strength of several types of ultra-high-strength polyethylene fibres. Strong diameter effects observed in such fibres are also conveniently modelled the proposed scheme. This new approach is shown to be at least as satisfactory as previously proposed models for diameter effects based on linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). Moreover, it provides a simple solution to a current problematic issue inherent to the Weibull/weakest-link model, namely the conflicting values generally obtained for the Weibull shape parameter as calculated from Weibull plots and weakest link predictions respectively.
Unbalanced device comprised of FBAR resonators (2012)

A splitbar is comprised of two identical thin film bulk acoustic (FEAR) resonators, whose electrodes are cross connected such that the C-axes of the piezoelectric films are parallel/anti-parallel to an applied electric field stimulus. The RF response of a splitbar is near identical to that of a single resonator, but unlike the single resonator, because the resonators are cross wired, their H2 responses annihilate one another enabling the splitbar to have extremely low harmonic emissions. If, however, the series resonances of the two resonators are placed at slightly different frequencies, a narrow LC resonance, whose center frequency is in between the series resonance frequencies, is formed, and the splitbar now exhibits a large H2 response at twice the center frequency of the LC resonance. To study this resonance, we vary the frequency spacing by biasing the splitbar with a dc voltage. We explain why the H2 power emitted by the splitbar is: (1) is proportional to its stored energy, (2) increases strongly with resonator frequency separation, and (3) increases as resonator Q is increased. We also analyze the powerbar, which is the dual of the splitbar, and which exhibits analogous behavior.
Triazole plant growth regulators increase hydrocyanic acid potential in sorghum seedlings (1990)

(...) Hydrocynanic acid potential (HAP) declined in control seedlings between 14 and 25 days after planting. Triazole-treated seedling always had higher HAP than controls regardless of plant age. The largest relative triazole-induced increase in HAP occurred 7-12 days after 7-days after 7-day-old seedlings were treated with uniconazole. The HAP of these plants was about three-fold greater than that of the controls. This effect was primarily due to a precipitous decline in HAP with time in controls coupled with a much less pronounced decline in treated seedlings (...)
Structural Insights into the Substrate Range of a Bacterial Monoamine Oxidase (2023)

Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) play a key role in the breakdown of primary and secondary amines. In eukaryotic organisms, these enzymes are vital to the regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters and the degradation of dietary monoamines. MAOs have also been identified in prokaryotic species, although their role in these organisms is not well understood. Here, we report the biophysical and structural properties of a promiscuous, bacterial MAO from <i>Corynebacterium ammoniagenes</i> (<i>ca</i>MAO). <i>ca</i>MAO catalyzes the oxidation of a number of monoamine substrates including dopamine and norepinephrine, as well as exhibiting some activity with polyamine substrates such as cadaverine. The X-ray crystal structures of Michaelis complexes with seven substrates show that conserved hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen-bonding pattern (for polar substrates) allow the broad specificity range. The structure of <i>ca</i>MAO identifies an unusual cysteine (Cys424) residue in the so-called "aromatic cage", which flanks the flavin isoalloxazine ring in the active site. Site-directed mutagenesis, steady-state kinetics in air-saturated buffer, and UV-vis spectroscopy revealed that Cys424 plays a role in the pH dependence and modulation of electrostatics within the <i>ca</i>MAO active site. Notably, bioinformatic analysis shows a propensity for variation at this site within the "aromatic cage" of the flavin amine oxidase (FAO) superfamily. Structural analysis also identified the conservation of a secondary substrate inhibition site, present in a homologous member of the superfamily. Finally, genome neighborhood diagram analysis of <i>ca</i>MAO in the context of the FAO superfamily allows us to propose potential roles for these bacterial MAOs in monoamine and polyamine degradation and catabolic pathways related to scavenging of nitrogen.
The Soft X-ray Imager on Board EXIST (2010)

The Soft X-ray Imager (SXI) is one of the three instruments on board EXIST, a multi-wavelength observatory in charge of performing a global survey of the sky in hard X-rays searching for Sup er-massive Black Holes (Grindlay & Natalucci, these Proceedings). One of the primary objectives of EXIST is also to study with unprecedented sensitivity the most unknown high energy sources in the Universe, like high redshift GRBs, which will be pointed promptly by the Spacecraft by autonomous trigger based on hard X-ray localization on board. The presence of a soft X-ray telescope with an effective area of 950 cm 2 in the energy band 0.2-3 keV and extended response up to 10 keV will allow to make broadband studies from 0.1 to 600 keV. In particular, investigations of the spectra components and states of AGNs and monitoring of variability of sources, study of the prompt and afterglow emission of GRBs since the early phases, which will help to constrain the emission models and finally, help the identification of sources in the EXIST hard X-ray survey and the characterization of the transient events detected. SXI will also perform surveys: a scanning survey with sky coverage 2 and a limiting flux of 5 10 -14 cgs plus other serendipitous.
Differential recruitment of B and T cells in coxsackievirus B4-induced pancreatitis is influenced by a capsid protein (1997)

Two genetically similar variants of coxsackievirus B4, CB4-P and CB4-V, cause distinct disease syndromes in mice. A multidisciplinary approach was used to examine the events occurring in situ. The CB4-P variant induced acute pancreatitis, followed by repair of the exocrine tissues, while the CB4-V variant induced chronic pancreatitis, characterized by extensive destruction of the exocrine tissues. Since CB4-V replicated more efficiently than CB4-P in vivo, the more extensive tissue injury associated with CB4-V infection could be explained as the result of a higher level of viral replication. However, the fact that CB4-V replicated more efficiently in a mouse strain that survives infection than in a strain that succumbs to infection suggests that immune-mediated mechanisms as well as viral cytolysis may contribute to pancreatic tissue injury. To address the role of the immune system in virus-induced pancreatitis, the cell types within the inflammatory infiltrate were analyzed by flow cytometry. B cells (34 to 75%) were the most abundant, followed by T cells (10 to 30%), natural killer cells (4 to 8%), and macrophages (0 to 6%). Recruitment (and perhaps proliferation) of B and T cells to the pancreatic tissues was influenced by viral strain. Differential recruitment of T and B cells may reflect altered antigenic sites between CB4-P and CB4-V. The viral sequence that affected T- and B-cell recruitment was identified as a threonine residue at position 129 of the VP1 capsid protein.
Robust, High Peak Power, Thulium-Doped Fiber Chirped-Pulse Amplification System Using a Dissipative Soliton Seed Laser (2019)

We report a dissipative soliton seeded, thulium-doped fiber chirped pulse amplification system at 1950 nm. The amplified pulses are compressed to 545 fs and have an energy of 0.85 uJ corresponding peak power of 1.56 MW. © 2019 The Author(s)
Uniform Binary Sequence Generated over Odd Characteristic Field (2018)

This paper has focused on a pseudorandom binary sequence for the security applications. The secureness of random numbers, namely the randomness of the sequence, is evaluated by some specific properties such as period, its linear complexity and bits distribution. Especially from the viewpoint of the security, the latter two properties are widely used to evaluate the randomness of a sequence. The authors have proposed a pseudorandom sequence which achieves the maximum linear complexity in their previous works. However, the distribution of bits is not balanced in one period of an NTU sequence. Therefore, this paper aims to derive the uniformly distributed sequence without fewer effects on the other properties. The approach will help to achieve the uniform distribution with almost no calculation costs.
Evaluation of thickness and strain of thin planar layers of InAs on GaAs(001) using spectroscopic ellipsometry (2014)

We develop a technique for accurately measuring thickness of planar InAs films grown on (001) GaAs by spectroscopic ellipsometry, using bulk optical constants. We observe that the critical point structure for the E1 and E1 + Δ1 transitions extracted from the measured dielectric properties varies with strain in the layer. Transmission electron microscopy confirms the extracted thickness and measures the residual strain based on the dislocation spacing in the film. At small thickness, the E1 critical point is seen to markedly deviate from the dependence predicted by deformation potential theory and appears to be consistent with additional quantum confinement effects.
Triazinylaniline derivatives as fluorescence probes. Part 4. Kinetics and selectivity in the reactions of N,N-diethyl-4-(dichloro-1,3,5-triazinyl)aniline with amines, amino acids and proteins relevant to fluorescence labelling (1996)

The kinetics of reaction of the reactive triazinyl dye, N,N-diethyl-4-(dichloro-1,3,5-triazinyl)aniline with primary and secondary amines, amino acids, and the proteins bovine brain calmodulin and bovine serum albumin in aqueous media, as monitored by UV–VIS absorption spectroscopy, are reported. In general the reaction is first-order in the dye and in the substrate. Secondary aliphatic amines are more reactive than primary aliphatic amines, and a retarding influence of geminal hydroxy substituents is observed in many cases. The intrinsic reactivity of the dye towards the side chain Îµ-amino group of lysine is 10 times higher than that for a free N-terminal amino group. The influences of pH and temperature on reaction rates have been determined. Selectivity in reaction of the dye (TACl2) with lysine residues of calmodulin and bovine serum albumin, of 1 : 1 and ≈2 : 1 dye-protein stoichiometry, respectively, is ascribed to the dominant role played by hydrophobic interactions of dye and protein surfaces. On the basis of the kinetic evidence a three-stage mechanism is proposed and numerically evaluated. Initial rapid diffusional encounter of the dye and protein is followed by a slower ‘internalization’ of the dye in a hydrophobic pocket of the protein (activation energy 65–77 kJ mol–1). Finally, chemical adduct formation occurs in the protein interior having an activation energy of 21–36 kJ mol–1, significantly lower than that found (42–48 kJ mol–1) for reaction of dye and primary aliphatic amines in homogeneous solution.