gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermoresponsive Polyoxazolines as Vectors for Transfection of Nucleic Acids (2020)

Poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) are an attractive platform for the development of non-viral gene delivery systems. The combination of POx moieties, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility, with DNA-binding polyethyleneimine (PEI) moieties into a single copolymer chain is a promising approach to balance toxicity and transfection efficiency. The versatility of POx in terms of type of substituent, copolymer composition, degree of polymerization, degree of hydrolysis, and chain architecture, as well as the introduction of stimuli-responsive properties, provides opportunities to finely tune the copolymer characteristics and physicochemical properties of the polyplexes to increase the biological performance. An overview of the current state of research in the POx-PEI-based gene delivery systems focusing particularly on thermosensitive POx is presented in this paper.
When and Why Static Images Are More Effective Than Videos (2020)

People often prefer videos over images in research and applications, believing that videos are more effective for eliciting human emotions and building machine intelligence. However, our research shows that this assumption is not always correct when it comes to evoking emotions in human observers. In this article, we compare thirteen emotions and two perceptions elicited by short videos (2-6 second, silent video clips) versus static frames extracted from the videos. We show that static frames and videos elicit most emotions similarly, but static frames elicit negative emotions more strongly than videos. We test two complementary explanations: differential activation of suspense and the peak-end rule. These findings help us to computationally model human reactions more faithfully with fewer video frames. Our interdisciplinary results have important implications for methods, theory, and applications in diverse fields, including social psychology, computer vision, mass media, and marketing.
Trait paranoia shapes inter-subject synchrony in brain activity during an ambiguous social narrative (2018)

Individuals often interpret the same event in different ways. How do personality traits modulate brain activity evoked by a complex stimulus? Here we report results from a naturalistic paradigm designed to draw out both neural and behavioral variation along a specific dimension of interest, namely paranoia. Participants listen to a narrative during functional MRI describing an ambiguous social scenario, written such that some individuals would find it highly suspicious, while others less so. Using inter-subject correlation analysis, we identify several brain areas that are differentially synchronized during listening between participants with high and low trait-level paranoia, including theory-of-mind regions. Follow-up analyses indicate that these regions are more active to mentalizing events in high-paranoia individuals. Analyzing participants' speech as they freely recall the narrative reveals semantic and syntactic features that also scale with paranoia. Results indicate that a personality trait can act as an intrinsic "prime," yielding different neural and behavioral responses to the same stimulus across individuals.
The relationship between optic disc area and open-angle glaucoma: the Baltimore Eye Survey. (1999)

Disc area is a weak risk factor for open-angle glaucoma. Disc area did not differ between patients with glaucoma who had lower IOP and those who had higher IOP among a group with glaucoma that were identified in a population survey.
Die Erinnerung an Heine in Bayern (2011)

Kurz nach seinem Englandaufenthalt und unmittelbar vor der Italienreise, genauer vom 26. November 1827 bis zum 2. August 1828, hat Heinrich Heine — er war damals 30 Jahre alt — in Bayern gelebt. Er führte dort die Redaktion von Cottas »Neuen Politischen Annalen«, bewegte sich in der ›besseren Gesellschaft‹, hatte zahlreiche Kontakte zu Künstlern, musste dort die Hoffnung auf die Übernahme einer Professur begraben und überwarf sich schließlich mit dem Münchner Katholizismus und seinen Repräsentanten. Er brach zu seiner Italienreise auf und kehrte nicht mehr dauerhaft nach München zurück. Was erinnert uns heute in Bayern an Heine? Welche sichtbaren Zeichen seines Aufenthaltes gibt es heute noch zu besichtigen?
Current-mode analogue signal processing circuits-a review of recent developments (2003)

A review is presented of current-mode analog signal processing circuits, based on the authors' work in the area and its relation to other associated work. The authors concentrate on a more fundamental approach to the realization of current-mode performance through the development of a fully differential current-mode operational amplifier. Consideration is also given to the enhancement of conventional voltage-mode operational amplifiers in achieving current-mode performance, namely, using techniques for sensing the operational-amplifier supply current. Some encouraging new techniques based on the latter approach are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Interplanetary Transfers Between Halo Orbits: Connectivity Between Escape and Capture Trajectories (2010)

Spacecraft escape and capture trajectories from or to Halo orbits about the L1 or L2 points using impulsive maneuvers at periapsis of the manifolds for interplanetary transfers are analyzed in the restricted Hill three-body problem. This application is motivated by future proposals to place deep-space ports at the Earth andMars L1 or L2 points. First, the feasibility of interplanetary trajectories between Earth Halo orbits and Mars Halo orbits is investigated. In this study, unstable and stable manifolds associated with the Halo orbits are used to approach the vicinity of the planet’s surface, and use impulsive maneuvers at periapsis for escape and capture trajectories to and from Halo orbits. Interplanetary trajectories between Earth and Mars Halo orbits with reasonable V and flight time are found. Next, applying these dynamics to an Earth–Mars transportation system using spaceports on Earth and Mars Halo orbits, the system is evaluated in terms of the spacecraft mass of round-trip transfer. As a result, transfer between low Earth orbits and low Mars orbits via the planets’ Halo orbits can reduce spacecraft wet mass compared with a direct round-trip transfer, by leaving propellant for the return.
A comparison of the cardiovascular effects of phenylpropanolamine and phenylephrine containing proprietary cold remedies. (1991)

1. The cardiovascular effects of the proprietary cold remedies, Mu-cron and Boots Cold Relief tablets were compared with 'placebo' Boots Pain Relief tablets in a double-blind study involving 16 healthy volunteers. Measurements (impedance cardiography, forearm plethysmography) were made over 4 h after oral drug administration. 2. Two Mu-cron tablets (containing phenylpropanolamine [(1R,2S)- plus (1S,2R)-norephedrine] 50 mg) increased blood pressure (maximal effect 18 +/- 1/8 +/- 1 mm Hg (mean +/- s.e. mean), P less than 0.001), stroke volume (4.9 +/- 0.8 ml m-2, P less than 0.05), total peripheral resistance (243 +/- 27 dyn s cm-5 m2, P less than 0.001) and forearm vascular resistance (1.3 +/- 0.3 mm Hg ml-1 min, P less than 0.01) and reduced the ratio of pre-ejection period to ventricular ejection time (-0.031 +/- 0.003, P less than 0.05) and forearm blood flow (-2.6 +/- 0.5 ml min-1, P less than 0.05) but did not affect heart rate or cardiac index. 3. Two Boots Cold Relief tablets (containing phenylephrine 10 mg and caffeine 60 mg) caused a small and short-lived increase in total peripheral resistance but did not have consistent effects on other measurements. Two Boots Pain Relief tablets (containing caffeine 60 mg) did not have important cardiovascular effects. 4. The cardiovascular effects of phenylpropanolamine, including vasoconstriction and an increase in cardiac performance, are consistent with its alpha- and beta 1-adrenoceptor agonist action. While it may help the symptoms of rhinitis, its use in patients with heart disease or hypertension is hazardous.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Handling incomplete quantitative data for supervised learning based on fuzzy entropy (2005)

In recent years, machine learning and knowledge discovery techniques have attracted a great deal of attention in the information area. Classification is one of the important research topics on these research areas. Most of the researches on classification concern that a complete data set is given as a training set and the test data know all values of attributes clearly. Unfortunately, incomplete data are commonly seen in real-world applications. In this paper, we propose a new strategy to deal with the incomplete quantitative data and introduce a supervised learning method based on genetic programming to handle the classification problem with incomplete data in the attributes. Two experiments are designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
The authors reply (2014)

Gillmann, Hans-Jörg MD; Meinders, Antje MD; Grohennig, Anika PhD; Larmann, Jan MD, PhD; Bünte, Christoph MD; Calmer, Simone MD; Sahlmann, Bianca RN; Rustum, Saad MD; Aper, Thomas MD; Lichtinghagen, Ralf PhD; Koch, Armin PhD; Teebken, Omke E. MD; Theilmeier, Gregor MD Author Information
Corrigendum: Comparison of Newtonian and Non-newtonian Fluid Models in Blood Flow Simulation in Patients With Intracranial Arterial Stenosis (2021)

Additional AffiliationIn the published article, there was an error regarding the affiliations for Dr. Xinyi Leng. As well as having affiliation 1, Dr. Leng should also have “4. Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China”. The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.
Network Aware Applications: A Background Transfer Service (2003)

Network aware applications react to changing network conditions, offering potential quality of service differentiation without network support. We describe an application level approach to designing a low priority service — one that is ‘lower than best-effort’ in the context of the Internet. Such applications are appropriate for background file transfers, such as OS updates. We use a receive window control to limit the transfer rate of the application, and the optimal rate is determined by detecting a change-point. We motivate this joint control-estimation problem by considering a fluid-based optimisation framework, and describe practical solutions, based on stochastic approximation and binary search techniques. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
New Advances of Formation Testing in the Extreme Tight Gas Reservoirs using new 3D Radial Probe: Case Study in South China Sea (2014)

CNOOC is operating in YingGehai Basin and QiongSouthEast Basin of South China Sea. Formation testing has been routinely used by this operator in field exploration to confirm hydrocarbon presence, define the hydrocarbon type as well as getting PVT samples. Due to the high cost of DST operation in the offshore environment, formation testing is considered as the main testing method to test the small to medium size sand bodies. And the result is accepted to claim reserve of hydrocarbon. As the recent offshore exploration has focused more on deeper formation where the sand permeability is between low to ultra-low, the pressure pretest mobility is easily lower than 1md/cp. In some particular formation, the formation mobility is even lower than 0.1md/cp. For this type of permeability of sand, testing becomes very difficult and getting fluid sample to claim reserve becomes a huge challenge. If the formation tester fails to obtain the samples, very often the later DST operation would not achieve a success. A new probe module of formation tester has been introduced to the industry early 2013 and it has been designed to perform formation testing in low permeability environment. Especially it could apply a much higher drawdown than previous technology to move the tight hydrocarbon. In this paper, a few cases will be presented to demonstrate how this new probe work in Yinggehai and QiongSouthEast basins fluid sampling operation where we sampled successfully at formation with the mobility is less than 0.1md/cp. With this result, great amount of reserve can be claimed and this new probe has been considered as the unique solution of testing these formation as well as predicting the possible production capability..
Tactile sensation in hands exposed to vibration: A pilot study (1987)

Three methods are compared for assessing impaired tactile sensation in vibration-exposed workers: a medical examination including traditional neurological tests, and refined measures of vibrotactile and gap perception. Of 28 subjects, 21 were judged free of confounding factors (13 forestry workers exposed to chain saw vibration, aged 28 years ± 4 s.d., and 8 laboratory workers not exposed to vibration, for comparison, aged 34 ± 3 years). The measurements of vibrotactile perception were performed over a wide frequency range (2–400 Hz) to permit separate assessment of the three different types of mechanoreceptors—Pacinian corpuscles, Meissner corpuscles, and Merkel disks. The gap perception was measured with a newly improved aesthesiometer. Preliminary analysis of the results indicates that measurements of vibrotactile perception particularly can detect sensory changes in the fingers not consistently found by conventional clinical tests.
Locality-preserving discriminant analysis and Gaussian mixture models for spectral-spatial classification of hyperspectral imagery (2012)

Traditional hyperspectral image classification typically uses raw spectral signatures or simple spatial characteristics such as textural features without considering the correlation between spectral and spatial information. In this paper, we propose a spectral-spatial hyperspectral image classification based on a structured multi-modal statistical model. A 3D wavelet transform is employed to extract relevant features from every pixel and its neighboring pixels; these features quantify local orientation and scale characteristics. Local Fisher's discriminant analysis is then used to project this high-dimensional wavelet coefficient space onto a lower-dimensional subspace while preserving the multi-modal structure of the statistical distributions. The proposed classification framework then employs a Gaussian mixture model classifier in this feature subspace. Experimental results at hyperspectral image-classification tasks show that the proposed approach substantially outperforms traditional methods.
Controlling the rectification properties of molecular junctions through molecule–electrode coupling (2016)

The development of molecular components functioning as switches, rectifiers or amplifiers is a great challenge in molecular electronics. A desirable property of such components is functional robustness, meaning that the intrinsic functionality of components must be preserved regardless of the strategy used to integrate them into the final assemblies. Here, this issue is investigated for molecular diodes based on N-phenylbenzamide (NPBA) backbones. The transport properties of molecular junctions derived from NPBA are characterized while varying the nature of the functional groups interfacing the backbone and the gold electrodes required for break-junction measurements. Combining experimental and theoretical methods, it is shown that at low bias (<0.85 V) transport is determined by the same frontier molecular orbital originating from the NPBA core, regardless of the anchoring group employed. The magnitude of rectification, however, is strongly dependent on the strength of the electronic coupling at the gold-NPBA interface and on the spatial distribution of the local density of states of the dominant transport channel of the molecular junction.
METABOLIC CHANGES OF SEVERELY BURNED CHILDREN (2005)

Departments: Abstracts of Papers to Be Presented at the Sixty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma: Hilton Atlanta, Atlanta Georgia: September, 22–24, 2005: PDF Only
Use of noise signals for multi-mode operation of phased arrays (1980)

A technique is described with which it is possible to simultaneously transmit and receive in different modes (directivity radiation patterns) of an array utilizing correlation detection and the unique properties of statistically independent noise signals. The feasibility of a particular application—phased arrays which scan simultaneously in more than one direction—is demonstrated by using a simple ultrasonic three transducer linear array and a random signal ultrasonic correlation system. Theory and experimental results are presented which evaluate the effects of clutter and variations in the system parameters on the system signal-to-noise ratio. Results show that multi-mode (multiple scan direction, multiple focal point, etc.) operation can improve phased array performance by decreasing the scanning time necessary to cover a desired volume of space even though extra correlation time may be needed in some cases to reduce the small amount of interference noise which exists between modes.
Context-based exploitation of data warehouses (2011)

An OLAP analysis can be defined as an interactive session during&#13;\nwhich an user launches queries over a data warehouse. The launched queries&#13;\nare often interdependent, and they can be either newly defined queries or they&#13;\ncan be existing ones that are browsed and reused. Moreover, in a collaborative&#13;\nenvironment, queries may be shared among users. This notion of OLAP analysis&#13;\nhas never been formally defined. In this paper, we propose a clear definition of&#13;\nthis notion, by introducing a model for sharing, browsing and reusing OLAP&#13;\nqueries over a data warehouse.
The Effects of Acute and Repeated Exposure/s to the Organophosphate Pesticide Chlorpyrifos at Subthreshold Doses on Brain Structural Integrity (2015)

• Wistar Rats weighing 250 – 300g were treated with Chloropyrifos (CPF) either a large subtoxic dose acutely and sacrificed after 6 or 24 hours, or they were given varying doses over a 30 day period and given a washout. • After the rats were sacrificed, the prefrontal cortex was isolated and processed using a subcellular fractionation protocol. • Total protein was quantified for each subcellular fraction (cytosolic (soluble), nuclear and membrane) using a detergent-compatible protein assay reagent (Bio-Rad) according to manufacturer’s instructions. • Cytosolic (Soluble) extracts were prepared in Laemmli buffer containing 2-mercaptoethanol for SDS-polyacrylabmide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). • Resolved extracted proteins were electroblotted to PVDF and probed for the expression of acetylated (lysine 40) and total -tubulin (SigmaAldrich mouse monoclonal antibodies T7451 and 9026, respectively) • Anti-tubulin antibodies were detected using horseradish peroxidase and enhanced chemiluminescence on film. • Protein band optical densities were analyzed from scanned film images using ImageJ software. Dr. Alvin V. Terry, Jr., for kindly permitting use of lab bench space. GRU’s Small Animal Behavioral Core Facility’s Research Associates (Samantha Sinha, Kristy Bouchard and Leah Vandenhuerk) for assistance with injecting rats. Kristina Skinner (Hope College) for assistance with regent preparation. Ms. Abigail Drescher and CURS program for this opportunity and stipend support. Repeated Exposures
2D Confinement and Reduction of Polarization Dependence in Hollow Waveguide with High Index Contrast Grating (2009)

A tunable hollow waveguide with distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) mirror and a high-index-contrast-grating (HCG) mirror has been proposed. We numerically show the possibility of 2D-confinement and reduction in polarization-dependence of the proposed hollow waveguide.
Alterations in pulmonary immunity in response to vaccinia virus (103.8) (2011)

Abstract Vaccinia virus (VV) infection in mice is an accepted model to study the pathogenesis of variola virus, the causative agent of human smallpox. Although the lung is a key site of poxvirus infection, there is little known about the local immune response to intrapulmonary VV infection. Additionally, because vaccination with VV is contraindicated in patients with atopic allergic skin conditions it is very important to determine the role of atopic lung disease on local vaccinia immunity. We have found that established allergic lung disease results in significantly increased numbers of eosinophils, myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and alveolar macrophages. Interestingly, an intrapulmonary VV infection in mice with allergic lung disease does not further increase the number of mDCs or alveolar macrophages, but does trigger a significant increase in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and a significant decrease in eosinophils. Moreover, pulmonary eosinophils, mDCs and macrophages from mice with allergic lung disease were less susceptible to an in vitro VV infection than the respective cells from naïve mice. Whereas pulmonary pDCs and B cells from mice with allergic lung disease were more susceptible to an in vitro VV infection. Alterations in antigen presentation were also observed using splenocytes from animals with induced hypersensitivity. Taken together, these studies strongly suggest that the allergic lung microenvironment may influence anti-viral immunity to an intrapulmonary VV infection.
Lumican Binds ALK5 to Promote Epithelium Wound Healing (2013)

Lumican (Lum), a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family member, has multiple matricellular functions both as an extracellular matrix component and as a matrikine regulating cell proliferation, gene expression and wound healing. To date, no cell surface receptor has been identified to mediate the matrikine functions of Lum. This study aimed to identify a perspective receptor that mediates Lum effects on promoting wound healing. Transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 (ALK5) was identified as a potential Lum-interacting protein through in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics. This finding was verified by biochemical pull-down assays. Moreover, the Lum function on wound healing was abrogated by an ALK5-specific chemical inhibitor as well as by ALK5 shRNAi. Finally, we demonstrated that eukaryote-specific post-translational modifications are not required for the wound healing activity of Lum, as recombinant GST-Lum fusion proteins purified from E. coli and a chemically synthesized LumC13 peptide (the last C-terminal 13 amino acids of Lum) have similar effects on wound healing in vitro and in vivo.
Food Allergies (2017)

What is a food allergy? A food allergy is a specific immune system reaction that happens after a person consumes what is normally considered a safe food. Food allergies occur more often in children than in adults. Approximately 5-8%of children (aged 4 or under) and about 2% of adults have food allergies (FDA 2016). Allergic reactions to food lead to over 30,000 emergency room visits and 2,000 hospitalizations per year (FDA 2016b; Radke et al. 2016). There are approximately 150 fatalities associated with food allergic reactions in the US annually (FDA 2016).
Cshemistry of hexamethyldisilazane. Silylation of β-diketones and amination of β-triketones (1980)

It is discovered that hexamethyldisilazane, a reagent generally used to silylate amino, hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, and carbonyl groups, reacts with β-diketones to form their trimethylsilyl enol ethers in high yield.An efficient and simple procedure for aminating β-triketones to their enaminodiketones by the use of hexamethyldisilazane is also described.