gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Achieving Speaker Gender Equity at the American Society for Microbiology General Meeting (2015)

Public speaking is very important for academic advancement in science. Historically women have been underrepresented as speakers in many scientific meetings. This article describes concrete steps that were associated with achieving gender equity at a major meeting.
Supplementary Data Table S1 from Quantification of Early-Stage Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer Requires Excluding Basophils (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Anti-human mAb used in flow cytometry analysis and cell sorting for this study.&lt;/p&gt;
Olivanic acid analogues. Part 4. Cycloaddition reactions of p-nitrobenzyl 7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylate, and synthesis of the 8-oxo-1-azatricyclo[4.2.0.02,4]octane-2-carboxylate system (1986)

p-Nitrobenzyl 7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylate (1) participated in Diels–Alder and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions, yielding a range of novel polycyclic azetidinone structures. The two 8-oxo-1-azatricyclo [4.2.0.02,4]octane-2-carboxylates (21) and (24) were prepared, and their cyclopropane stereochemistries assigned using nuclear Overhauser difference spectroscopy. Sodium (1′RS,2SR,4RS,6RS,7SR)-7-(1-hydroxyethyl)-8-oxo-l-azatricyclo[4.2.0.0.2,4]octane-2-carboxylate (37) was synthesised from compound (1)via p-nitrobenzyl (1′RS,5RS,6SR)-6-[1-(p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyloxy)ethyl]-7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylate (32).
Predictors of Nursing Home Nurses' Willingness to Report Medication Near-Misses (2020)

Medication near-misses occur at higher rates than medication errors and are usually underreported. Reporting a medication near-miss is crucial, as it highlights areas of human and system failures. Identifying these incidents is particularly important in nursing home (NH) settings to help managers plan and initiate proactive measures to contain the errors. However, scarce evidence exists about predictors of nurses' willingness to report near-misses. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test a proposed model for NH nurses' willingness to report medication near-misses. Data for this cross-sectional study were collected using a random sample of RNs working in NHs across one Midwestern state. The proposed model predicted a 19% variance in nurses' willingness to report medication near-misses, with the strongest predicators being non-punitive responses to errors (β = 0.33, p < 0.001). According to the study results, system and social factors are needed to improve nurses' voluntary reporting of medication near-misses. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46(4), 21-30.].
Standoff detection of trace chemicals with laser dispersion spectrometer (2015)

In this paper we present a laser spectroscopy system designed for application in standoff chemical detection. The system is based on a dispersion sensing approach which provides high immunity to amplitude noise and optical power fluctuations. It is well suited for industrial applications (e.g. leak detection) as well as for environmental monitoring (e.g. measuring emissions from distributed sources like wetlands or water reservoirs using single instrument that covers large area with path-integrated detection). A detailed system configuration is presented. Feasibility of standoff gas detection using laser dispersion spectrometer with scattering optical targets is demonstrated.
Multiview Sensing with Unknown Permutations: an Optimal Transport Approach (2021)

In several applications, including imaging of deformable objects while in motion, simultaneous localization and mapping, and unlabeled sensing, we encounter the problem of recovering a signal that is measured subject to unknown permutations. In this paper we take a fresh look at this problem through the lens of optimal transport (OT). In particular, we recognize that in most practical applications the unknown permutations are not arbitrary but some are more likely to occur than others. We exploit this by introducing a regularization function that promotes the more likely permutations in the solution. We show that, even though the general problem is not convex, an appropriate relaxation of the resulting regularized problem allows us to exploit the well-developed machinery of OT and develop a tractable algorithm.
tDCS‐Induced Analgesia and Electrical Fields in Pain‐Related Neural Networks in Chronic Migraine (2012)

Our findings give preliminary evidence that patients with chronic migraine have a positive, but delayed, response to anodal tDCS of the primary motor cortex. These effects may be related to electrical currents induced in pain-related cortical and subcortical regions.
Film thickness dependence of ferroelectric properties in polar-axis-oriented epitaxial tetragonal (Bi,K)TiO3 films prepared by hydrothermal method (2022)

Tetragonal (00l)-oriented epitaxial (Bi,K)TiO3 films were grown at 240 °C on (100)cSrRuO3//(100)SrTiO3 substrates by the hydrothermal method. KOH aqueous solutions and Bi(NO3)3 · 5H2O and TiO2 powders were used as the starting materials. Film thickness was controlled from 33 to 1200 nm by changing the deposition time, and the Bi/(Bi+K) ratio in the A-site of perovskite ABO3 was almost constant for all film thicknesses. Polar-axis (00l)-oriented epitaxial (Bi,K)TiO3 films were obtained without a secondary phase and/or other orientation for all thickness ranges. Large ferroelectricity with the remanent polarization (Pr) of about 84 µC/cm2, comparable to previously reported lead-based ferroelectric films, was observed for (Bi,K)TiO3 films down to 33 nm in thickness. On the other hand, Ec increased with decreasing film thickness, but did not show strong film thickness dependence like other perovskite ferroelectric films. These data are very useful for understanding the degradation mechanism of ferroelectric thin films.
CO2 Adsorption in the RHO Family of Embedded Isoreticular Zeolites (2018)

More effective carbon capture techniques and materials are still required to combat ever-increasing anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Here we report the CO2 adsorption isotherms, at 298–373 K and 0–1.0 bar, on various alkali cation forms of the five members of the RHO family of embedded isoreticular zeolites (i.e., Rho, PST-29, ECR-18, ZSM-25, and PST-20). The adsorption behavior of CO2 on this new family was found to differ significantly according not only to the zeolite framework flexibility but also to the type of extraframework cation. Among the zeolites studied here, the adsorption isotherms on the Cs+–tetraethylammonium cation form of ZSM-25 and PST-20 are characterized as one-step, with working capacities of 1.3–1.4 mmol g–1 at 298–343 K, which may have a clear advantage for the industrial temperature swing adsorption process. These two zeolite adsorbents also have large CO2 selectivities (ca. 100 and 50, respectively) over N2 and CH4, as well as good long-term stability.
Efficient astigmatic mode-converter based on spherical mirrors (2017)

Summary form only given. Laguerre-Gaussian (LGmn) modes have several unique properties that lend them to applications in materials processing [1] and particle manipulation [2], among others. One characteristic that lends these modes to such applications is their ability to carry orbital angular momentum (OAM), as opposed to the spin angular momentum of beams that are circularly polarised. There are several techniques for creating these; one popular one exploits the Gouy phase shift through the use of cylindrical lenses [3]. The Gouy phase shift causes a phase shift in a Gaussian beam as it passes through a focus and is dependent on the Rayleigh range of the beam. Using cylindrical lenses to create an astigmatic focal point you can create a relative phase shift between the sagittal and tangential planes of the beam. As a LG <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> can be modelled as two orthogonal first order Hermite-Gaussian (HG <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> ) modes, π out of phase with each other, you can exploit this to convert between the two modes. Furthermore, depending on whether the HG <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> mode is at +45° or -45° to the astigmatic axis it will create an LG <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> mode with either clockwise or anticlockwise orbital angular momentum.Beirjersbergen et.al. demonstrated this using cylindrical lenses, however we believe there are strong advantages to using spherical mirrors such as lower losses, a lack of absorbing media allowing for a greater selection of wavelengths, such as mid IR, as well as a potential for better performance at high power. To the best our knowledge, we are the first to demonstrate mode conversion using a pair of extra-cavity spherical mirrors. The first mirror creates the astigmatic waist whilst the second is placed to catch the beam at the exact π phase change and point of zero astigmatism, theoretically providing a pure LG01 mode assuming a pure HG01 input. For these points to coincide requires careful mode matching to ensure that both the point of no astigmatism and the π phase shift occur in the same place. We used 150mm radius of curvature mirrors at 45° for simpler alignment and mode matching, see Figure 1. We used a capillary fibre to generate a LG01 mode in a two mirror cavity then constrained this to a HG01 mode using a slit at 45°. The spherical mirrors are coated to be highly reflective at 1064nm at 45° and we observed no measurable loss in power through the system. We confirmed the presence of OAM using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to interfere the LG01 beam with a coherent spherical wave, producing spirals. The helicity of the spirals, and therefore the OAM was selectable by changing the slit orientation from +45° to -45°.
Catastrophe Observation in a Josephson-Junction System (2007)

We report on experiments performed to probe quantum coherence in a system consisting of an rf-SQUID in which the Josephson junction is replaced by a small loop containing two junctions in parallel. At temperatures of the order of 10 mK the system may develop three potential energy wells, which modify the usual two well energy profile and thereby verify the qubit manipulation strategy. The appearance of the third potential well can be interpreted as evidence of a butterfly catastrophe, namely, a catastrophe expected for a system described by four control parameters and one state variable.
Endothelium and Myocardial Growth and Fibrosis (2020)

Ventricular hypertrophy following chronic overload results from the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes and the hyperplasia of non muscle cells in the heart. The mechanisms by which hemodynamic stress induces these cellular adaptations are unknown. However, an increasing body of evidence seems to favor local paracrine and/or autocrine mechanisms rather than circulating factors. Locally, it is well established that cardiac endothelium regulates myocardial contraction by the release of nitric oxide, prostacyclin, endothelin and other still unidentified factors. Similarly, endothelial factors seem involved in myocyte growth alteration, especially those occurring around coronary vessels, at the early stage of hemodynamic stresses. This involves factors such as endothelin and angiotensin II that are known to induce changes in both cardiac myocyte and non muscle cell growth. On the other hand, an autocrine function of myocardial cells has also been proposed. Mechanical stress provokes the release of cardiomyocyte-derived growth factors, including Fibroblast Growth Factors, that may induce angiogenesis and proliferation and survival of many cell types. Thus, in the heart, cardiomyocytes and non muscle cells sense acute mechanical stretch and exert paracrine and/or autocrine regulation of their growth.
Predicting object recognition performance under data uncertainty, occlusion and clutter (2002)

We present a novel method for predicting the performance of an object recognition approach in the presence of data uncertainty, occlusion and clutter. The recognition approach uses a vote-based decision criterion, which selects the object/pose hypothesis that has the maximum number of consistent features (votes) with the scene data. The prediction method determines a fundamental, optimistic, limit on achievable performance by any vote-based recognition system. It captures the structural similarity between model objects, which is a fundamental factor in determining the recognition performance. Given a bound on data uncertainty, we determine the structural similarity between every pair of model objects. This is done by computing the number of consistent features between the two objects as a function of the relative transformation between them. Similarity information is then used, along with statistical models for data distortion, to estimate the probability of correct recognition (PCR) as a function of occlusion and clutter rates. The method is validated by comparing predicted PCR plots with ones that are obtained experimentally.
Effects of fuel-air unmixedness on NO(x) emissions (1993)

Unmixedness effects of lean fuel-air mixtures on emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOV) are experimentally studied. The objective is to study the relative influence of temporal fuel concentration fluctuations and spatial nonuniformities of mean concentration profiles on NO V emissions from lean premixed combustion. The NO2 laserinduced fluorescence (LIF) technique is used to quantify Unmixedness levels at the flameholder. Unmixedness data are related to NOr emissions measurements from downstream of the flames. The results show that temporal unmixedness contributes significantly to higher NOX emissions. It is not sufficient to eliminate only spatial nonuniformities of mean concentration in order to minimize NO_V emissions from lean premixed combustion. Nomenclature c = volumetric fuel concentration c' = rms fluctuation component of c c - time-mean fuel concentration Dc = combustor diameter Z)cf = coflow diameter Dj = jet diameter Recf = coflow Reynolds number Rej - jet Reynolds number U = unmixedness parameter Xj - distance from jet to flameholder z - vertical coordinate; origin at combustor centerline = fuel-air equivalence ratio
Over 10 kV vertical GaN p-n junction diodes with high-K/low-K compound dielectric structure (2016)

In this letter, a vertical GaN p-n junction diode with high-K/low-K compound dielectric structure (GaN CD-VGD) is proposed. The high-K/low-K compound dielectric structure consists of a layer of high dielectric constant and multilayer dielectric layers which have a lower dielectric constant, and these compound dielectric layers formed along the current flow direction. Compared with a conventional p-n diode, the edge electric field will be suppressed due to the effects of high-K passivation. And a new electric field peak will be introduced in the p-n diodes, because of a discontinuity of electrical field at the interface of high-K and low-K layer. Therefore the distribution of electric field in p-n diodes will become more uniform and an enhancement of breakdown voltage can be achieved. A best trade-off breakdown voltage (BV) and on-resistance (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> ) have been obtained by optimizing device parameters including dielectric layer situation, length and width. Numerical simulation demonstrate that GaN CD-VGD with a BV of 10650V and a Ron of 5.83 mΩ-cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , resulting in a figure-of-merit (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> ) of 19 GW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
89Zr-trastuzumab and 89Zr-bevacizumab PET to Evaluate the Effect of the HSP90 Inhibitor NVP-AUY922 in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients (2014)

NVP-AUY922 showed proof-of-concept clinical response in HER2-amplified metastatic breast cancer. Early change on (89)Zr-trastuzumab PET was positively associated with change in size of individual lesions assessed by CT.
The Endothelin System in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology (1997)

Endothelin-1, a member of a novel family of regulatory peptides, is the most potent vasoconstrictor and pressor substance known. Endothelin-1 is a 21-amino-acid endothelium-derived peptide causing uniquely sustained vasoconstriction. In addition, endothelin-1 has pronounced effects on the coronary, renal and cerebral circulations, enhances responses to other vasoconstrictors, and is comitogenic. Recent studies have shown that the endothelins are essential for normal fetal development, and that endothelin-1 plays an important physiological role in the regulation of basal vascular tone and blood pressure in healthy humans. There is now also a wealth of evidence suggesting that endothelin-1 is a key mediator in a range of cardiovascular diseases associated with sustained vasoconstriction, such as chronic heart failure, and with vasospasm, such as subarachnoid haemorrhage. In addition, endothelin-1 appears to act in opposition to nitric oxide to promote the atherosclerotic process. There are a large number of oral and intravenously active endothelin antagonists entering clinical development and a number of clinical studies, particularly with endothelin receptor antagonists, are now under way. Such studies are beginning to define the role of the endothelins in cardiovascular disease and to confirm the potential of the endothelin system as an important new therapeutic target.
Ultrastructural localization of alkaline phosphatase in the blue-green bacterium Plectonema boryanum (1977)

Histochemical techniques applied at the ultrastructural level have clearly established the periplasmic space as the site of alkaline phosphatase activity in Plectonema boryanum. Considerable enzyme activity is found after the organism is placed in a phosphate-free medium for 5 days. This activity is found only in the cellular fraction of the culture with no activity present in the culture medium. Localization of the site of enzyme activity in cells was investigated by a modification of the method of Costerton. Unfixed cells were reacted with calcium nitrate, which acts as the initial capture reagent. After this deposition, the cells were suspended in 2% lead nitrate to convert the calcium phosphate to more electron-dense lead phosphate. The majority of activity appears associated with layer 3 (periplasmic space) of the cell wall.
Contraction Dynamics and Power Production of Pink Muscle of the Scup (Stenotomus Chrysops) (1996)

Although the contribution of red muscle to sustained swimming in fish has been studied in detail in recent years, the role of pink myotomal muscle has not received attention. Pink myotomal muscle in the scup (Stenotomus chrysops) lies just medial to red muscle, has the same longitudinal fibre orientation and is recruited along with the red muscle during steady sustainable swimming. However, pink muscle has significantly faster rates of relaxation, and the maximum velocity of shortening of pink muscle (7.26 +/- 0.18 muscle lengths s-1, N = 9, at 20 degrees C, and 4.46 +/- 0.15 muscle lengths s-1, N = 6, at 10 degrees C; mean +/- S.E.M.) is significantly faster than that of red muscle. These properties facilitate higher mass-specific maximum oscillatory power production relative to that of red muscle at frequencies similar to the tailbeat frequency at maximum sustained swimming speeds in scup. Additionally, pink muscle is found in anatomical positions in which red muscle is produces very little power during swimming: the anterior region of the fish, which undergoes the lowest strain during swimming. Pink muscle produces more oscillatory power than red muscle under low-strain conditions (+/- 2-3%) and this may allow pink muscle to supplement the relatively low power generated by red muscle in the anterior regions of swimming scup.
Supplementary Video 1C from <i>In vivo</i> Imaging of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Migration to the Skin (2023)

Supplementary Video 1C from &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; Imaging of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Migration to the Skin
Investigation on the surface treatment of short S2-glass fibre for dental composites (2017)

Low aspect ratio S2-glass fibres serve as excellent load carrying members along with conventional fillers and additives. Untreated surface of the glass fibre results in poor bonding with the monomer reducing the strength, stiffness, stability and life of the structure. The current study focusses on analysing different methods of chemical surface treatments on glass fibre so as to augment the bonding strength with the monomer or polymer. A strategy for the surface treatment of glass fibres is introduced to improve the interfacial bonding between fibres and monomers. Enhanced dispersibility of low aspect ratio glass fibre in high viscosity resins will contribute to the generation of extremely stable local shear strength. Short glass fibres with the aspect ratio between 50-100 are cut and then treated in acid etching solutions which can produce an increased surface energy, surface roughness and dispersion ability. Uniformly distributed glass fibres within the resin will work as the key to reinforce the light cured dental composites that can be validated by analytical and experimental methods such as interfacial shear strength and flexural strength, thereby broadening the performance of dental restoration materials.
Magnetite in Comet Wild 2: Evidence for parent body aqueous alteration (2017)

Abstract The mineralogy of comet 81P/Wild 2 particles, collected in aerogel by the Stardust mission, has been determined using synchrotron Fe‐K X‐ray absorption spectroscopy with in situ transmission XRD and X‐ray fluorescence, plus complementary microRaman analyses. Our investigation focuses on the terminal grains of eight Stardust tracks: C2112,4,170,0,0; C2045,2,176,0,0; C2045,3,177,0,0; C2045,4,178,0,0; C2065,4,187,0,0; C2098,4,188,0,0; C2119,4,189,0,0; and C2119,5,190,0,0. Three terminal grains have been identified as near pure magnetite Fe 3 O 4 . The presence of magnetite shows affinities between the Wild 2 mineral assemblage and carbonaceous chondrites, and probably resulted from hydrothermal alteration of the coexisting FeNi and ferromagnesian silicates in the cometary parent body. In order to further explore this hypothesis, powdered material from a CR 2 meteorite ( NWA 10256) was shot into the aerogel at 6.1 km s −1 , using a light‐gas gun, and keystones were then prepared in the same way as the Stardust keystones. Using similar analysis techniques to the eight Stardust tracks, a CR 2 magnetite terminal grain establishes the likelihood of preserving magnetite during capture in silica aerogel.