gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of mouse genotype on bone wound healing and irradiation-induced delay of healing. (2014)

We tested the effects of mouse genotype (C57BL/6NHsd, NOD/SCID, SAMR1, and SAMP6) and ionizing irradiation on bone wound healing. Unicortical wounds were made in the proximal tibiae, and the time course of spontaneous healing and effects of irradiation were monitored radiographically and histologically. There was reproducible healing beginning with intramedullary osteogenesis, subsequent bone resorption by osteoclasts, gradual bridging of the cortical wound, and re-population of medullary hematopoietic cells. The most rapid wound closure was noted in SAMR1 mice, followed by SAMP6, C57BL/6NHsd, and NOD/SCID. Ionizing irradiation (20 Gy) to the leg significantly delayed bone wound healing in mice of all four genotypes. Mice with genetically-determined predisposition to early osteopenia (SAMP6) or with immune deficiency (NOD/SCID) had impairments in bone wound healing. These mouse models should be valuable for determining the effects of irradiation on bone healing and also for the design and testing of novel bone growth-enhancing drugs and mitigators of ionizing irradiation.
Hydrocarbierung von CC‐Bindungen: Quantifizierung der nucleophilen Reaktivität von Inamiden (2014)

Abstract Reaktionen von Donor‐substituierten Diarylcarbeniumionen Ar 2 CH + mit Inamiden liefern 1‐Amid‐substituierte Allylkationen (α,β‐ungesättigte Iminiumionen). Kinetische Studien zeigen, dass diese Additionsprodukte einer C‐H‐Bindung an eine CC‐Dreifachbindung stufenweise gebildet werden, wobei zunächst Keteniminiumionen entstehen, die anschließend eine 1,3‐Hydridwanderung eingehen. Die linearen Korrelationen der Geschwindigkeitskonstanten zweiter Ordnung (lg k 2 , 20 °C) mit den Elektrophilie‐Parametern E der Diarylcarbeniumionen ermöglichen es, Inamide in unsere umfassende Nucleophilieskala einzugliedern und dadurch potentielle elektrophile Reaktionspartner vorherzusagen.
Characterization of Infant Rat Cerebral Cortical Membrane Proteins Phosphorylated In Vivo: Identification of the ACTH‐Sensitive Phosphoprotein B‐50 (1982)

This study on the phosphorylation in vivo of membrane proteins in cerebral cortices of infant rats reports the identification of the adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-sensitive phosphoprotein B-50 as one of the substrate proteins that are rapidly phosphorylated in vivo following intracisternal administration of 2 mCi [32P]orthophosphate. Rats were sacrificed 30 min after isotope injection. A fraction enriched in membranes, designated neural membranes (NM), was isolated from the cerebral cortices according to the procedure used for preparation of synaptic plasma membranes (SPM) from adult brain. This NM fraction was characterized by electron microscopy. The proteins of NM were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. Numerous protein bands of NM in infant rat brain were phosphorylated in vivo. Attention was focussed on the 32P-labeled protein bands in the molecular weight range of 47K-67K. In this region one phosphoprotein band (MW 48K) was more highly labeled than the other bands. The electrophoretic behavior of three of these labeled bands, designated a, c, and e (MW 48K, 55K, and 62K, respectively) was compared with that of protein bands that were phosphorylated in vitro in cerebral membranes isolated from noninjected infant rats. The effects of ACTH1-24 and cyclic AMP in the in vitro system were also studied to probe for the presence of specific membrane proteins known to be sensitive to these modulators. On incubation of NM with [gamma-32P)ATP in the presence and absence of ACTH1-24 in vitro, phosphorylation of a 48K protein band was inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion by the neuropeptide. Two-dimensional electrophoretic separation of NM proteins labeled in vivo indicated that the 48K band had an isoelectric point of 4.5, identical to that of the ACTH-sensitive B-50 protein previously identified. Cyclic AMP stimulated phosphorylation in vitro of two protein bands (MW 55K and 59K) in NM preparations. This result indicates that the in vivo labeled band c may correspond to the cyclic AMP-sensitive 55K protein, whereas phosphoprotein band e, labeled in vivo, appears to be different from the cyclic AMP-sensitive 59K protein band. These observations indicate that neural membranes isolated from infant rat cerebral cortices contain a variety of proteins that can be phosphorylated in vivo. Several of these, for example, the 48K protein band, have the properties of synaptic plasma membrane proteins of adult rat brain that have been characterized by their sensitivity to neuromodulators in endogenous phosphorylating systems in vitro.
The Synthesis of 5,6-Disubstituted Bicyclo[2.1.1]hexenes and 3,5-Disubstituted Tricyclo[2.2.0.02,6]hexanes (1979)

Abstract There are relatively few methods for synthesizing bicyclo[2.1.1]-hexenes and tricyclo[2.2.0.02,6]hexanes.1 However, now that benzvalene (I), the highly strained structural isomer of benzene has become a readily available compound,2 it is possible to prepare disubstituted compounds like II and III in a straightforward fashion.
Hormonal Control of Calcium Homeostasis (1999)

Calcium homeostasis in the extracellular fluid is tightly controlled and defended physiologically. Hypercalcemia always represents considerable underlying pathology and occurs when the hormonal control of calcium homeostasis is overwhelmed. The major hormones that are responsible for normal calcium homeostasis are parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; these hormones control extracellular fluid calcium on a chronic basis. Over- or underproduction of these hormones or the tumor peptide, parathyroid hormone-related peptide, are the major causes of aberrant extracellular fluid calcium concentrations. These hormonal defense mechanisms are reviewed here.
Multidisciplinary assessment and reporting of fitness to drive in brain tumor patients: A gray matter. (2012)

6130 Background: In some jurisdictions, there is a legal requirement for physicians to report medically unfit drivers. Objectives of this study are to determine physician knowledge and attitudes on reporting legislation and driving assessment, and review our institution’s experience in evaluating fitness to drive in brain tumour patients. Methods: Physicians caring for brain tumour patients in South-western Ontario were identified by public databases and surveyed by mail. Survey questions elicited demographics, opinions, and factors influencing the decision to report. Patients receiving brain radiotherapy at our institution between January and June 2009 were identified and details of driving assessment were extracted. Fisher’s exact test and a logistic regression model were used to determine differences in responses between specialists and family physicians and factors influencing reporting. Results: Surveys (n=467) were distributed with 198 (43%) responses. Most (76%) felt that reporting guidelines were unclear. Neurologists (43%) and Family Physicians (22%) were felt to be the most responsible to report unfit drivers. Compared to specialists, Family Physicians were less likely: to be comfortable with reporting (p=0.02), to consider reporting (p&lt;0.001), or discuss the implications of driving (p&lt;0.001). Perceived barriers in assessing fitness to drive included: lack of tools to assess (57%) and the impact on the patient-physician relationship (34%). 158 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Forty-eight patients (30%) were reported to the provincial licensing authority and 64 (41%) were advised not to drive. 53 patients experienced seizures, of which 36 (68%) had a documented discussion on driving. Only 30 (56%) of these patients were reported to the licensing authority despite legal requirements. Age, primary disease, previous neurosurgery and seizures were predictive of reporting (p&lt;0.05). On logistic regression modeling, seizures (OR 12.4) and primary CNS disease (OR 15.5) remained predictive of reporting. Conclusions: Despite guidelines and laws, the assessment of fitness to drive in patients with brain tumours is not routinely conducted or documented in a multidisciplinary setting.
Multi-Antenna RF Tag Measurement System Using Back-Scattered Spread Spectrum (2008)

This paper presents the design, construction, and operation of a unique measurement system capable of recording simultaneous antenna measurements in a backscatter radio configuration with genuine mutual coupling effects. The system allows rapid-fire design and testing of the increasingly important multi-antenna RF tag designs as well as low-level physical-layer experiments involving anticollision (numerous RF tags communicating with one another in a common field of view), RF tag shadowing, and multi-antenna fading experiments.
How does hepcidin hinder ferroportin activity? (2018)

In this issue of Blood , Aschemeyer et al found that hepcidin bound to the central cavity of ferroportin (Fpn) and occluded its iron export activity, thereby revealing a previously unrecognized mechanism for Fpn regulation. 1
Natural Product Synthesis II:  Targets, Methods, Concepts. Topics in Current Chemistry, 244 Edited by Johann Mulzer (Universität Wien). Springer:  Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. 2005. x + 270 pp. $219.00. ISBN 3-540-21124-1. (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewNEXTNatural Product Synthesis II: Targets, Methods, Concepts. Topics in Current Chemistry, 244 Edited by Johann Mulzer (Universität Wien). Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. 2005. x + 270 pp. $219.00. ISBN 3-540-21124-1.Timothy A. BlizzardView Author Information Merck Research LaboratoriesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 37, 13080Publication Date (Web):August 13, 2005Publication History Published online13 August 2005Published inissue 1 September 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja059756uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja059756ubook-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aldol reactions,Bioactivity,Organic compounds,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Icaritin: A Novel Natural Candidate for Hematological Malignancies Therapy (2019)

Hematological malignancies including leukemia and lymphoma can severely impact human health. With the current therapies combined with chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, the prognosis of hematologic malignancies improved significantly. However, most hematological malignancies are still incurable. Therefore, research for novel treatment options was continuing with the natural product as one source. Icaritin is a compound extracted from a traditional Chinese herb, <i>Epimedium Genus</i>, and demonstrated an antitumor effect in various neoplasms including hematological malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. In hematological malignancies, icaritin showed multiple cytotoxic effects to induce apoptosis, arrest the cell cycle, inhibit proliferation, promote differentiation, restrict metastasis and infiltration, and suppress the oncogenic virus. The proved underlying mechanisms of the cytotoxic effects of icaritin are different in various cell types of hematological malignancies but associated with the critical cell signal pathway, including PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT3, and MAPK/ERK/JNK. Although the primary target of icaritin is still unspecified, the existing evidence indicates that icaritin is a potential novel therapeutic agent for neoplasms as with hematological malignancies. Here, in the field of hematology, we reviewed the reported activity of icaritin in hematologic malignancies and the underlying mechanisms and recognized icaritin as a candidate for therapy of hematological malignancies.
Analysis of Junctional Diversity During B Lymphocyte Development (1990)

Immunoglobulin rearrangement is central to generating antibody diversity because of heterogeneity generated during recombination by deletion or addition of nucleotides at coding joints by the recombinase machinery. Examination of these junctional modifications revealed that the addition of nongermline-encoded nucleotides was more prevalent in adult versus fetal B cells, thus partially limiting the fetal antibody repertoire. In contrast, deletion of nucleotides occurs equivalently in B cells at different stages of development and at different points in B cell ontogeny. Finally, the bias in murine immunoglobulins for one DH segment reading frame occurs at the DHJH intermediate.
Editorial Market-based distributed energy resources operation for future power systems (2022)

One of the biggest challenges in the current power system operation is caused by the large scale integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) that have high volatility generations (Uzum et al., 2021). Communication and control technologies are significantly improved to provide direct interaction between agents and customers, such as in peer-to-peer frameworks. In addition, the recent developments in monitoring, sensor networks, and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) greatly enhance the variety, volume, and speed of measurement data in electricity transmission and distribution networks.
On routing in CDMA multihop cellular networks (2005)

In ad-hoc networks, the optimal hop size is a trade-off between the transmission errors and the number of hops required. This paper investigates the optimal hop size and transmission strategy in networks with overlaid base stations. The objective is to maximize the minimum throughput any user achieves, excluding traffic that it relays. The optimum depends on the routing algorithm used, and a specific receiver-based algorithm is proposed. Optimal parameters are derived using a simplified model, and are shown by simulation to out-perform systems with the optimal position-invariant hop size. For this choice of objective, improvement is obtained by using one hop size for the base station and another for relays.
A new cardiac motion estimation method based on a spatio-temporal frequency approach and Hough Transform (2006)

Myocardial motion analysis and quantification is of utmost importance for analyzing contractile heart abnormalities and it can be a symptom of a coronary arterial disease. A fundamental problem in processing sequences of images is the computation of the optical flow, which is an approximation to the real image motion. This paper presents a new algorithm for optical flow estimation based on a spatiotemporal frequency (STF) approach, more specifically on the computation of the Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) and the Hough Transform (HT) of the motion sequences. Experimental results are compared with variational techniques, where it is shown that the main highlight of the STF+HT approach is its accurate and robust response to noise degradations. Results obtained in real cardiac magnetic resonance images are presented.
Statistical analysis of road-vehicle-driver interaction as an enabler to designing behavioural models (2014)

Ƞ Telematics form an important technology enabler for intelligent transportation systems. By deploying on-board diagnostic devices, the signatures of vehicle vibration along with its location and time are recorded. Detailed analyses of the collected signatures offer deep insights into the state of the objects under study. Towards that objective, we carried out experiments by deploying telematics device in one of the office bus that ferries employees to office and back. Data is being collected from 3-axis accelerometer, GPS, speed and the time for all the journeys. In this paper, we present initial results of the above exercise by applying statistical methods to derive information through systematic analysis of the data collected over four months. It is demonstrated that the higher order derivative of the measured Z axis acceleration samples display the properties Weibull distribution when the time axis is replaced by the amplitude of such processed acceleration data. Such an observation offers us a method to predict future behaviour where deviations from prediction are classified as context-based aberrations or progressive degradation of the system. In addition we capture the relationship between speed of the vehicle and median of the jerk energy samples using regression analysis. Such results offer an opportunity to develop a robust method to model road-vehicle interaction thereby enabling us to predict such like driving behaviour and condition based maintenance etc.
Further evidence for a marfanoid syndrome with neonatal progeroid features and severe generalized lipodystrophy due to frameshift mutations near the 3′ end of the FBN1 gene (2011)

We report on a 20-year-old man who presented in infancy with severe generalized lipodystrophy with a progeroid appearance and some Marfanoid features. He subsequently was diagnosed with bilateral lens subluxations at the age of 16 years which prompted analysis of the FBN1 gene. This analysis showed him to have a novel heterozygous, de novo, c.8156_8175del, p.Lys2719ThrfsX12, frameshift mutation in exon 64 of his FBN1 gene. His phenotype is similar to a patient described by Graul-Neumann et al. [2010] who was found to have a de novo, heterozygous, c.8155_8156del deletion in exon 64 of FBN1. Both mutations result in a truncated protein with an extremely charged C-terminus, containing two positive and four negative charges in the last eight amino acids. This most likely has a profound impact on protein–protein interactions, which are very important in the extracellular matrix. The similarities in the phenotypes, and overlapping molecular defects, provides further evidence that the phenotype with features of Marfan syndrome with neonatal progeroid syndrome-like lipodystrophy is a distinct clinical entity due to frameshift mutations in exon 64 of the FBN1 gene.
Changes of physico-chemical characteristics, somatic cell count and curd quality during lactation and their relationships in Lacaune ewes (2017)

The aim of research was to evaluate changes of physico-chemical characteristics, somatic cell count and curd quality during lactation and their relationship in Lacaune ewes. The study was carried out on eighteen ewes of the second lactation on an organic farm in Valask Bystice (Czech Republic). It was found that the stage of lactation significantly affected almost all monitored traits except pH value, titratable acidity, somatic cell count and curd quality. The content of total solids, fat, total protein, casein, Ca and P was significantly increased, while daily milk yield and the content of lactose were decreasing with the advancement of lactation. The stage of lactation had a significant effect on the coagulation time that was extended with advanced lactation. Length of the coagulation time was positively correlated with contents of total protein, casein and Ca. In contrast, the curd quality was not affected by the stage of lactation and no significant correlation between the curd quality and other parameters were found, except for the coagulation time (r=0.40). It could be concluded that Lacaune ewes had a satisfactory milk yield and physico-chemical and technological characteristics of milk under relatively extensive nutrition.
Preparation and properties of lanthanide chelate complexes (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and properties of lanthanide chelate complexesJ. Selbin, N. Ahmad, and N. BhaccaCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1971, 10, 7, 1383–1387Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1971https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50101a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views373Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (526 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Procedural content generation for games (2013)

Hundreds of millions of people play computer games every day. For them, game content—from 3D objects to abstract puzzles—plays a major entertainment role. Manual labor has so far ensured that the quality and quantity of game content matched the demands of the playing community, but is facing new scalability challenges due to the exponential growth over the last decade of both the gamer population and the production costs. Procedural Content Generation for Games (PCG-G) may address these challenges by automating, or aiding in, game content generation. PCG-G is difficult, since the generator has to create the content, satisfy constraints imposed by the artist, and return interesting instances for gamers. Despite a large body of research focusing on PCG-G, particularly over the past decade, ours is the first comprehensive survey of the field of PCG-G. We first introduce a comprehensive, six-layered taxonomy of game content: bits, space, systems, scenarios, design, and derived. Second, we survey the methods used across the whole field of PCG-G from a large research body. Third, we map PCG-G methods to game content layers; it turns out that many of the methods used to generate game content from one layer can be used to generate content from another. We also survey the use of methods in practice, that is, in commercial or prototype games. Fourth and last, we discuss several directions for future research in PCG-G, which we believe deserve close attention in the near future.