gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on Spanish language concordant cancer genetic counseling sessions from the Spanish‐speaking population (2022)

Genetic counselors (GCs) provide risk assessment, education, and counseling about the genetic contribution to disease. To do so, they must effectively communicate, build rapport, and help patients make the best decisions for themselves and their families. Language barriers add a complex layer to this patient-provider dynamic. While interpreters serve as a primary solution when a patient and GC speak different languages, issues have been documented with these sessions, such as misinterpreted genetic terminology (Gutierrez et al., 2017). Having a GC with concordant language skills may help address these barriers. The purpose of this study was to assess Spanish-speaking patients' perspectives on communication, decision-making, and the interpersonal relationship developed with a bilingual GC in language concordant cancer genetic counseling sessions. Spanish-speaking patients, ages 18 or older, seen by a Spanish-speaking GC at a California public, safety-net hospital were eligible to participate in this study. Nine participants were interviewed via telephone by the bilingual researcher using a semi-structured interview guide to assess three domains: communication, decision-making, and interpersonal relationship. Analyses of interview transcripts identified themes within these three areas of focus: (1) participants felt all explanations were clear and they were not afraid to ask questions in the session, (2) participants experienced preference-concordant decision making, and (3) participants felt empowered and supported by the GC. Participants suggested that GCs working with Spanish-speaking patients in the future should consider group counseling sessions, engaging in outreach efforts to educate the Spanish-speaking community about genetics, and increasing the number of GCs who speak Spanish. These results demonstrate the positive experiences of Spanish-speaking patients in language concordant cancer genetic counseling sessions and further support the need for recruitment of Spanish-speaking individuals into the profession. Future research should further assess the experience of Spanish-speaking patients in language concordant sessions and address the role of cultural concordance in sessions.
Suppression of the HPA Axis During Cholestasis Can Be Attributed to Hypothalamic Bile Acid Signaling (2015)

Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been shown to occur during cholestatic liver injury. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that in a model of cholestasis, serum bile acids gain entry into the brain via a leaky blood brain barrier and that hypothalamic bile acid content is increased. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine the effects of bile acid signaling on the HPA axis. The data presented show that HPA axis suppression during cholestatic liver injury, specifically circulating corticosterone levels and hypothalamic corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) expression, can be attenuated by administration of the bile acid sequestrant cholestyramine. Secondly, treatment of hypothalamic neurons with various bile acids suppressed CRH expression and secretion in vitro. However, in vivo HPA axis suppression was only evident after the central injection of the bile acids taurocholic acid or glycochenodeoxycholic acid but not the other bile acids studied. Furthermore, we demonstrate that taurocholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic acid are exerting their effects on hypothalamic CRH expression after their uptake through the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter and subsequent activation of the glucocorticoid receptor. Taken together with previous studies, our data support the hypothesis that during cholestatic liver injury, bile acids gain entry into the brain, are transported into neurons through the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter and can activate the glucocorticoid receptor to suppress the HPA axis. These data also lend themselves to the broader hypothesis that bile acids may act as central modulators of hypothalamic peptides that may be altered during liver disease.
Assessment of the gene expression profile of differentiated and dedifferentiated human fetal chondrocytes by microarray analysis (2002)

Chondrocytes in monolayer become dedifferentiated, acquiring a fibroblast-like appearance and changing their pattern of gene expression from one of expression of chondrocyte-specific genes to one that resembles a fibroblastic or chondroprogenitor-like pattern. Changes in gene expression associated with the process of dedifferentiation of HFCs in vitro were observed in a wide variety of genes, including genes encoding extracellular matrix proteins, transcription factors, and growth factors. At least 3 of the genes that were regulated in response to dedifferentiation were also found to be expressed in adult normal and OA articular cartilage and chondrocytes.
LLR-Based Bit-Loading Algorithm for the Turbo Coded HomePlug AV (2007)

In this paper a new bit-loading algorithm for the OFDM-based turbo coded HomePlug AV system is proposed. To better exploit the error correction capabilities of the turbo code, this algorithm tries to maximize the throughput while guaranteeing a target BER over a set of sub-carriers using a new metric based on the LLRs. The performance of the considered system, in terms of throughput and BER, is evaluated, using a realistic power-line channel model. Furthermore, data- aided channel and SNR estimates are investigated and their performance compared with the ideal case.
Supplementary Table from An <i>In Vivo</i> CRISPR Screen Identifies Stepwise Genetic Dependencies of Metastatic Progression (2023)

Supplementary Table from An &lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt; CRISPR Screen Identifies Stepwise Genetic Dependencies of Metastatic Progression
Enhanced Collaborative Optimization: Application to an Analytic Test Problem and Aircraft Design (2008)

This paper provides an introduction to a new method for distributed optimization based on collaborative optimization, a decomposition-based method for the optimization of complex multidisciplinary designs. The key idea in this approach is to include models of the global objective and all of the subspace constraints in each subspace optimization problem while maintaining the low dimensionality of the system level (coordination) problem. Results from an analytic test case and an aircraft family design problem suggest that the new approach is robust and leads to a substantial reduction in computational eort. Collaborative optimization (CO) is a method for the design of complex, multidisciplinary systems that was originally proposed 1 in 1994. CO is one of several decomposition-based methods that divides a design problem along disciplinary (or other convenient) boundaries. The idea is to mirror the natural divisions found in aerospace design companies. In these settings, engineers are often divided into design groups by disciplinary expertise. Disciplinary analysis tools tend to be complex in nature, and it is often impractical to integrate multiple analysis codes for the purpose of multidisciplinary optimization. Rather, CO oers a means of coordinating separate analyses, even leveraging discipline-specific optimization techniques. Relative to other decomposition-based methods, CO provides the disciplinary subspaces with an unusually high level of autonomy. This enhances their ability to independently make design decisions pertinent primarily to their discipline.
The role of zinc in wound healing. (1999)

Zinc deficiency has been associated with delayed wound healing. Because zinc deficiency may be common in the United States, foods rich in zinc, as well as all other essential nutrients, should be promoted in the diet of patients who are malnourished or at risk for malnutrition.
Efficient Route Invalidation (2021)

This document explains the problems associated with the current use of
NPDAO messaging and also discusses the requirements for an optimized
route invalidation messaging scheme. Further a new proactive route
invalidation message called as Destination Cleanup Object (DCO) is
specified which fulfills requirements of an optimized route
invalidation messaging.
Optimisation of polymer foam bubble expansion in extruder by resident time distribution approach (2007)

In this work, we used the Residence Time Distribution (RTD) to study the polystyrene foaming during an extrusion process. The extruder associated with a gear pump is simply and quantitatively described by three continuoustly stirred tank reactors with recycling loops and one plug‐flow reactor. The blowing agent used is CO2 and its obtained by thermal decomposition of a chemical blowing agent (CBA). This approach allows to optimize the density of the foam in accordance with the CBA kinetic of decomposition.
Fabrication of 25 μ m-filter microfluidic chip on silicon substrate (2017)

This paper presents the entire fabrication process including photolithography, sputtering, deep reactive ion etching (Bosch DRIE process) on silicon substrate and bonding process between the lid and silicon substrate to create a designed filtration microfluidic chip with dimension of 28 mm × 7 mm, one inlet port and one outlet port. A pattered silver thin film was deposited on a silicon sample by the lift-off method. Subsequently the newly fabricated sample was anisotropically etched by Bosch DRIE process. Some parameters of Bosch DRIE process such as bias power, duration of etching step and passivation step, oxygen presence were studied to explore the dependence of silicon channel depth and etched shape profile on these parameters. An optimized process was utilized to fabricate a featured silicon channel with vertical, smooth sidewalls and an overall good uniformity. The silicon channel has four arrays of microposts with various distances between microposts from 25 μm to 100 μm. The depth of the silicon channel was about 150 μm. After that, silicon substrate was bonded with mica lid by adhesive bonding method to form the completed filtration microfluidic chip. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical profilometer (DEKTAK 6 M), optical microscopy (Olympus MX51). In this paper a test was performed to demonstrate how the microfluidic chip works by pumping solution with many various sizes of particles through the inlet port of the microfluidic chip and obtaining a solution with desired particles sizes (smaller than 25 μm) through another port. Moreover, the chip could be pumped de-ionized water through outlet port for backwash in order to make this microfluidic chip reusable. Finally, a few applications of microfluidic chips are presented to illustrate the advantages of this technology and the potential for future development.
Development of an enviromental system for bedridden patients (1986)

In Japan, at present the number of severely crippled and bedridden patients who have to completely taken care of in daily life is tending to increase for several reasons, one of the most important being the fact that the proportion of aged persons in the population is growing. Providing care for these persons is becoming an extremely serious social problem for bedridden patients and also for their families. As one solution to this problem, we developed an enviromental control system for bedridden patients. The system is composed of input units, a small mobile unit, an automated storage cabinet, manipulator system, various enviromental control devices and a Central control unit. Various improvements in the basic components of the system are presented, as well as the development of some additional new components.
ChemInform Abstract: An Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral 4,4‐Disubstituted Cyclohexenones in High Enantiomeric Purity. (1986)

Abstract Mit dem optisch aktiven Aminodiol (I) als chiraler Hilfsgruppe entsteht aus der Ketosäure (II) mit guter Selektivität (84%) das bicyclische Lactam (III), das stufenweise zu (V) und zu (VII) alkyliert wird.
Agricultural productivity and the nitrogen cycle (1982)

Abstract During the past 30 years agricultural production in the U. K. has consistently increased as the result of a number of technological changes. For example, cereal yields have doubled and milk yields from dairy cows have increased by one and a half times. Livestock numbers have also increased, particularly those of pigs and poultry. The use of fertilizer nitrogen has increased fivefold in the same period. This greater productivity means that not only have the inputs of nitrogen to agriculture increased but so also have the amounts circulating within agricultural systems. These changes are examined and the implications of their effects on the environment assessed.
Systems modelling of the EGFR-PYK2-c-Met interaction network predicts and prioritizes synergistic drug combinations for triple-negative breast cancer (2018)

Prediction of drug combinations that effectively target cancer cells is a critical challenge for cancer therapy, in particular for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a highly aggressive breast cancer subtype with no effective targeted treatment. As signalling pathway networks critically control cancer cell behaviour, analysis of signalling network activity and crosstalk can help predict potent drug combinations and rational stratification of patients, thus bringing therapeutic and prognostic values. We have previously showed that the non-receptor tyrosine kinase PYK2 is a downstream effector of EGFR and c-Met and demonstrated their crosstalk signalling in basal-like TNBC. Here we applied a systems modelling approach and developed a mechanistic model of the integrated EGFR-PYK2-c-Met signalling network to identify and prioritize potent drug combinations for TNBC. Model predictions validated by experimental data revealed that among six potential combinations of drug pairs targeting the central nodes of the network, including EGFR, c-Met, PYK2 and STAT3, co-targeting of EGFR and PYK2 and to a lesser extent of EGFR and c-Met yielded strongest synergistic effect. Importantly, the synergy in co-targeting EGFR and PYK2 was linked to switch-like cell proliferation-associated responses. Moreover, simulations of patient-specific models using public gene expression data of TNBC patients led to predictive stratification of patients into subgroups displaying distinct susceptibility to specific drug combinations. These results suggest that mechanistic systems modelling is a powerful approach for the rational design, prediction and prioritization of potent combination therapies for individual patients, thus providing a concrete step towards personalized treatment for TNBC and other tumour types.
Cone contrast comparison of luminance and chromatic sensitivities for movement, flicker, and flashes (1990)

Expressing visual stimuli in terms of the contrast they produce in the different cone classes approximately accounts for (1) the highly overlapping cone spectra and (2) (von Kries) adaptation, allowing meaningful comparisons of post-receptoral sensitivities to color and luminance. This paper reviews this comparison for lights that stimulate only the L and N cones (ca. 3 log Td adapt). For low to medium temporal and spatial frequencies, chromatic sensitivity is as much as 9× luminance sensitivity. For example, for 1° flickering spots chromatic sensitivity is higher than luminance sensitivity below 15 Hz. Experiments using moving 1 cpd gratings reveal two spectrally-opponent (L–M) mechanisms and a luminance mechanism. The color detection mechanism is 5 × more sensitive than the luminance mechanism at 1°/s, while the spectrally-opponent motion mechanism (which apparently does not signal color) is 3× more sensitive than the luminance mechanism. Greater temporal integration in spectrally opponent mechanisms may partly account for their greater sensitivity. With 1° flashes, the luminance and chromatic critical durations are about 40 and 100 ms, respectively. However, even for the briefest flashes, chromatic sensitivity is 3× luminance sensitivity. Part of this 3× could be due to the differencing operation reducing noise in opponent mechanisms; however, this hypothesis requires considerable correlated noise in the L and M cones.
The 3′ Untranslated Region of the Lipoprotein Lipase Gene: Haplotype Structure and Association with Post-Heparin Plasma Lipase Activity (2005)

These results support the possibility that variation in the 3' untranslated region of LPL affects LPL expression and activity, consequently influencing risk of atherosclerosis and insulin resistance, and provides important tools for further dissection of LPL regulation.
Experimental study on vibration control for rope-sway of elevator of high-rise building (2003)

This study presents a synthesis method of a nonstationary optimal controller with a time-varying criterion function for reducing the vibration of a time-varying object such as moving ropes of elevators and cranes. For the time-varying object a stationary optimal control has little effective on reducing vibration. Hence, a nonstationary optimal control method with time-varying weightings on a control input, state values and reflected waves is applied to the time-varying object. As an illustration, the performance of reducing vibration with respect to the rope-sway problem on a high-rise building is examined through an experimental set up. Finally, the performance of this nonstationary optimal controller is compared with that of the stationary optimal controller for the case that the structure is subjected to a ground excitation.
Yttrium-90 chimeric L6 therapy of human breast cancer in nude mice and apoptosis-related messenger RNA expression. (1995)

Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in breast cancer patients using I-131-chimeric L6 (ChL6) and in human breast cancer xenografts in nude mice using Y-90-1,4,7,10-tetraazacylododecant N,N',N",N"'-tetraacetic acid-peptide ChL6 (Y-90-ChL6) has shown promise. Tumor cell response to low-dose rate (5-25 rads/h) irradiation from Y-90-ChL6 RIT, therefore, was correlated with levels of tumor cell mRNA for selected genes linked to programmed cell death (apoptosis). Three groups of 10-16 mice with 1-2 HBT 3477 xenograft tumors were treated with 100, 150, or 250 microCi Y-90-ChL6. Three tumors were taken before and two tumors each were taken 3, 6, and 24 h after injection of 150 microCi Y-90-ChL6. Tumor expression of mRNA was amplified by PCR for p53, PIC1, c-myc, and transforming growth factor-beta 1; quantitated; and standardized to N-ras. Tumors received radiation doses of 2000, 3000, and 5000 rads, respectively, for the groups of mice that received 100, 150, and 250 microCi Y-90-ChL6, and tumor regression occurred in each group, with mean tumor volumes decreased by 10, 50, and 95% at nadir after Y-90-ChL6 injection. At the highest dose level, 30% of mice had complete remissions, and no treatment deaths occurred, although tumors subsequently recurred. Continuous up-regulation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and c-myc mRNA expression was observed from 3 to 24 h after treatment. Expression of p53 and PIC1 increased at 3 h and subsequently decreased to the untreated control levels. These observations are consistent with previous observations of early responses of p53 and PIC1 to cellular DNA damage and subsequent G1 cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Apoptosis-associated gene expression patterns observed in this tumor model provide evidence that changes are initiated in the first 24 h of RIT associated with radiation doses of 100-700 rads. These preliminary data suggest that insight into the molecular basis of RIT-induced tumor regression may be gained by further studies using different radiation doses.
Biochemistry of Purinergic Olfaction (2021)

The purine nucleotides, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, adenosine 5'-diphosphate, and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (AMP, ADP, and ATP), historically are best known for their roles in cellular energy metabolism and in nucleic acid synthesis. The purine nucleotides are also known to serve as intracellular chemical signals; cyclic AMP and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP) are particularly important in this respect. Biochemical studies in the laboratory have shown that the aesthetasc sensilla of P. argus also have ectoenzymes that dephosphorylate nucleotides, as well as a specific uptake system that internalizes adenosine. The kinetics of AMP dephosphorylation by sensillar 5'-ectonucleotidase, when coupled with what is known about the temporally discrete nature of olfactory sampling by the lobster, suggested that the conversion of AMP to adenosine could affect the response of AMP-best purinoceptors to this odorant. The inhibition of the sensillar ecto-AMPase activity can enhance the electrophysiological response of AMP-best cells to AMP.
Harmonization of Human Biomonitoring Studies in Europe: Characteristics of the HBM4EU-Aligned Studies Participants (2022)

Human biomonitoring has become a pivotal tool for supporting chemicals' policies. It provides information on real-life human exposures and is increasingly used to prioritize chemicals of health concern and to evaluate the success of chemical policies. Europe has launched the ambitious REACH program in 2007 to improve the protection of human health and the environment. In October 2020 the EU commission published its new chemicals strategy for sustainability towards a toxic-free environment. The European Parliament called upon the commission to collect human biomonitoring data to support chemical's risk assessment and risk management. This manuscript describes the organization of the first HBM4EU-aligned studies that obtain comparable human biomonitoring (HBM) data of European citizens to monitor their internal exposure to environmental chemicals. The HBM4EU-aligned studies build on existing HBM capacity in Europe by aligning national or regional HBM studies. The HBM4EU-aligned studies focus on three age groups: children, teenagers, and adults. The participants are recruited between 2014 and 2021 in 11 to 12 primary sampling units that are geographically distributed across Europe. Urine samples are collected in all age groups, and blood samples are collected in children and teenagers. Auxiliary information on socio-demographics, lifestyle, health status, environment, and diet is collected using questionnaires. In total, biological samples from 3137 children aged 6-12 years are collected for the analysis of biomarkers for phthalates, HEXAMOLL<sup>®</sup> DINCH, and flame retardants. Samples from 2950 teenagers aged 12-18 years are collected for the analysis of biomarkers for phthalates, Hexamoll<sup>®</sup> DINCH, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), and samples from 3522 adults aged 20-39 years are collected for the analysis of cadmium, bisphenols, and metabolites of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The children's group consists of 50.4% boys and 49.5% girls, of which 44.1% live in cities, 29.0% live in towns/suburbs, and 26.8% live in rural areas. The teenagers' group includes 50.6% girls and 49.4% boys, with 37.7% of residents in cities, 31.2% in towns/suburbs, and 30.2% in rural areas. The adult group consists of 52.6% women and 47.4% men, 71.9% live in cities, 14.2% in towns/suburbs, and only 13.4% live in rural areas. The study population approaches the characteristics of the general European population based on age-matched EUROSTAT EU-28, 2017 data; however, individuals who obtained no to lower educational level (ISCED 0-2) are underrepresented. The data on internal human exposure to priority chemicals from this unique cohort will provide a baseline for Europe's strategy towards a non-toxic environment and challenges and recommendations to improve the sampling frame for future EU-wide HBM surveys are discussed.