gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Bayesian Lasso (2008)

The Lasso estimate for linear regression parameters can be interpreted as a Bayesian posterior mode estimate when the regression parameters have independent Laplace (i.e., double-exponential) priors. Gibbs sampling from this posterior is possible using an expanded hierarchy with conjugate normal priors for the regression parameters and independent exponential priors on their variances. A connection with the inverse-Gaussian distribution provides tractable full conditional distributions. The Bayesian Lasso provides interval estimates (Bayesian credible intervals) that can guide variable selection. Moreover, the structure of the hierarchical model provides both Bayesian and likelihood methods for selecting the Lasso parameter. Slight modifications lead to Bayesian versions of other Lasso-related estimation methods, including bridge regression and a robust variant.
Protein‐bound polyamines in the plasma of mice grafted with the Lewis lung carcinoma (1987)

Protein-bound polyamines were isolated from the plasma of mice using antipolyamine antibodies covalently linked to magnetic latex spheres. Their subsequent separation by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) showed that in plasma from normal mice, 3 proteins (27, 55 and 82 kDa) carrying polyamines could be visualized, whereas in mice bearing the Lewis lung carcinoma at least 8 other proteins of higher molecular mass (5 of 94, 110, 130, 145 and 160 kDa, and 3 of greater than 170 kDa) had bound polyamines. These protein-bound polyamines could be detected from the first week after tumour graft; they increased during the second and third week but decreased thereafter. These proteins were not bound by immunolatex spheres preincubated with spermine bound to a protein-carrier insulin. Moreover, the appearance of these protein-bound polyamines was not a consequence of the inflammatory process since in mice infected with heat-inactivated Brucella abortus, with the exception of a 65 kDa protein, polyamines were bound to the same proteins found in normal mice. In mice grafted with the Lewis lung carcinoma the concomitant decrease in transglutaminase-mediated polyamine (e.g. putrescine) binding capacity of plasma proteins provides additional evidence for the presence in vivo of polyamines already bound to plasma proteins.
A linear digital VCO for Clock Data Recovery (CDR) applications (2010)

A new digital Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) with the capability of fine tuning as well as coarse tuning controls is presented in this paper. Unlike conventional inverter-chain-based VCOs, the new design has more linear dependency of output frequency to input control voltage. The new VCO is a good candidate for modern Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) circuits because of this dual control. As a proof of concept, the functionality of the new VCO is verified in a CDR circuit used in a monolithic Serializer and Deserializer (SerDes) test chip fabricated in 0.5um ON Semiconductor process. The SerDes test chip was successfully tested at an operating frequency of 90MHz with a lock range of about 4.6 MHz due to the fine-tuning of the VCO. It is expected that using a more advanced process technology, a higher operating frequency can be easily achieved.
Kinetics of [11C]N,N-dimethylphenylethylamine in mice and humans: potential for measurement of brain MAO-B activity. (1987)

Carbon-11-labeled N,N-dimethylphenylethylamine ([11C]DMPEA) was synthesized by the reaction of N-methylphenylethylamine with [11C]methyl iodide. This newly synthesized radiotracer was developed for the purpose of in vivo measurement of monoamine oxidase-B activity in the brain using a metabolic trapping method. Initially, biodistribution was investigated in mice. The rapid and high uptake of 11C radioactivity in the brain was observed following intravenous injection of [11C]DMPEA, the peak of which was reached at 1 min, followed by a decrease at 1-5 min and slowly thereafter. The kinetics of [11C]DMPEA in the human brain were determined using positron emission tomography (PET) and showed that 11C radioactivity increased gradually over 60 min following initial rapid uptake of 11C radioactivity, with basal ganglia and thalamus showing high accumulation.
Low polarisation dependence (< 0.3 dB) in anEA modulatorusing a polyimide-buried high-mesa ridge structurewith an InGaAsP bulk absorption layer (1995)

The electroabsorption modulator combining a polyimide-buried high-mesa ridge structure with an InGaAsP bulk absorption layer which the authors have developed demonstrates an extremely low polarisation-dependent loss of less than 0.3 dB with a practical and sufficient attenuation of 20 dB.
Road Extraction from High-Resolution SAR Image on Urban Area (2006)

Because of active and side-look imaging and speckles in the SAR image, the road edge is blur and it is difficult to determinate the road edge. Therefore, extraction of the road from high-resolution SAR image can't use the methods that were used to the optical image. In this paper, we research how to extract the information of zonal road and how to get the vector road from the high-resolution SAR image. Usually, urban road is regular. In remote sensing image, the road has many characters, such as functional character, spectral character, geometric character and texture character so on. These characters consist of the knowledge of road extraction. After accurately expressing the character knowledge with mathematical equations, we can extract the road information more accurately. Therefore, we must construct road model after analyzing the road characters in the high-resolution SAR image. Based on the above analysis, we may accurately extract road from SAR image. By our experiment, the result proves that our method is a good idea.
Aspirin Inhibits Nuclear Factor–κB Mobilization and Monocyte Adhesion in Stimulated Human Endothelial Cells (1995)

Our data suggest that aspirin inhibits NF-kappa B mobilization, induction of VCAM-1 and E-selectin, and subsequent monocyte adhesion in endothelial cells stimulated by TNF, thereby providing an additional mechanism for therapeutic effects of aspirin.
Layered Oxide Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Storage Mechanism, Electrochemistry, and Techno-economics (2023)

ConspectusLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are ubiquitous in all modern portable electronic devices such as mobile phones and laptops as well as for powering hybrid electric vehicles and other large-scale devices. Sodium-ion batteries (NIBs), which possess a similar cell configuration and working mechanism, have already been proven as ideal alternatives for large-scale energy storage systems. The advantages of NIBs are as follows. First, sodium resources are abundantly distributed in the earth’s crust. Second, high-performance NIB cathode materials can be fabricated by using solely inexpensive and noncritical transition metals such as manganese and iron, which further reduces the cost of the required raw materials. Recently, the unprecedented demand for lithium and other critical minerals has driven the cost of these primary raw materials (which are utilized in LIBs) to a historic high and thus triggered the commercialization of NIBs.Sodium layered transition metal oxides (NaxTMO2, TM = transition metal/s), such as Mn-based sodium layered oxides, represent an important family of cathode materials with the potential to reduce costs, increase energy density and cycling stability, and improve the safety of NIBs for large-scale energy storage. However, these layered oxides face several key challenges, including irreversible phase transformations during cycling, poor air stability, complex charge-compensation mechanisms, and relatively high cost of the full cell compared to LiFePO4-based LIBs. Our work has focused on the techno-economic analysis, the degradation mechanism of NaxTMO2 upon cycling and air exposure, and the development of effective strategies to improve their electrochemical performances and air stability. Correlating structure–performance relationships and establishing general design strategies of NaxTMO2 must be considered for the commercialization of NIBs.In this Account, we discuss the recent progress in the development of air-stable, electrochemically stable, and cost-effective NaxTMO2. The favorable redox-active cations for NaxTMO2 are emphasized in terms of abundance, cost, supply, and energy density. Different working mechanisms related to NaxTMO2 are summarized, including the electrochemical reversibility, the main structural transformations during the charge and discharge processes, and the charge-compensation mechanisms that accompany the (de)intercalation of Na+ ions, followed by discussions to improve the stability toward ambient air and upon cycling. Then the techno-economics are presented, with an emphasis on cathodes with different chemical compositions, cost breakdown of battery packs, and Na deficiency, factors that are critical to the large-scale implementation. Finally, this Account concludes with an overview of the remaining challenges and new opportunities concerning the practical applications of NaxTMO2, with an emphasis on the cost, large-scale fabrication capability, and electrochemical performance.
Sliding controller design for non-linear systems (1984)

Abstract New results are presented on the sliding control methodology introduced by Slotine and Sastry (1983) to achieve accurate tracking for a class of non-linear time-varying multivariate systems in the presence of disturbances and parameter variations. An explicit trade-off is obtained between tracking precision and robustness to modelling uncertainty : tracking accuracy is sot according to the extent, of parametric uncertainty and the frequency range of unmodelled dynamics. The trade-off is further refined to account for time-dependence of model uncertainty.
A nanocrystal strain gauge for luminescence detection of mechanical forces (2010)

Local microscale stresses play a crucial role in inhomogeneous mechanical processes from cell motility to material failure. However, it remains difficult to spatially resolve stress at these small length scales. While contact-probe and non-contact based techniques have been used to quantify local mechanical behavior in specific systems with high stiffness or stress and spatial resolution, these methods cannot be used to study a majority of micromechanical systems due to spectroscopic and geometrical constraints. We present here the design and implementation of a luminescent nanocrystal strain gauge, the CdSe/CdS core/shell tetrapod. The tetrapod can be incorporated into many materials, yielding a local stress measurement through optical fluorescence spectroscopy of the electronically confined CdSe core states. The stress response of the tetrapod is calibrated and utilized to study mechanical behavior in single polymer fibers. We expect that tetrapods can be used to investigate local stresses in many other mechanical systems.
Multibeam Phased-Array Antennas Developed and Characterized (2003)

Fixed-formation microsatellites have been proposed for future NASA missions to lower costs and improve data collection and reliability. Achieving seamless connectivity communications between these satellites requires the use of multibeam array antennas. As a result of NASA Glenn Research Center s collaborative efforts with the University of Colorado and Texas A&M University, two prototype multibeam array antennas have been developed and demonstrated at Ka-band frequencies. These arrays are designed to be dual-beam, dual-frequency arrays, with two fixed scan beams at around +/- 30 . They can be used in both ground and space systems for transmit and receive functions.
Glass Wool–H2O2/CoCl2 test system for in vitro evaluation of biodegradative stress cracking in polyurethane elastomers (1995)

Environmental stress cracking (ESC) in polyetherurethanes has been demonstrated in animal models. However, duplication of this phenomenon in vitro has been a challenge. The glass wool-H2O2/CoCl2 test system was designed to provide oxidation components found in vivo, i.e., hydroxyl radical (HO.), molecular oxygen (O2), and superoxide (O2-.) required for auto-oxidation of polyetherurethanes. The in vitro test is not only reliable in duplicating the characteristics of in vivo stress cracking in polyetherurethanes at 37 degrees C, but also accelerates ESC as much as seven times. The test results on several types of polyurethanes showed that Tecothane 80A was as vulnerable to biodegradative stress cracking in vitro as Pellethane 2363-80A, while the new generation of polyurethanes, Corethane, demonstrated great resistance against stress cracking.
Online nanoelectrospray/high‐field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry as a potential tool for discovery pharmaceutical bioanalysis (2009)

Nanoelectrospray ionization (nESI) coupled online with high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) for small molecule analysis in a discovery pharmaceutical setting was examined. A conventional capillary pump, autosampler and nESI source were used to introduce samples directly into the FAIMS device. The FAIMS device was used to separate gas-phase ions on a timescale that was compatible with the mass spectrometer. The capability of the nESI-FAIMS combination to efficiently remove metabolite interferences from the parent drug, and reduce ion suppression effects, was demonstrated. On average, 85% of the signal intensity obtained from a neat sample was preserved in the extracted plasma samples. Standard curves were prepared for several compounds. Linearity was obtained over approximately 3 to 4 orders of magnitude. Comparison of results from nESI-FAIMS with those from conventional LC/MS for a mouse pharmacokinetic study yielded concentration values differing by no more than 30%.
Extracellular Biomarkers of Inner Ear Disease and Their Potential for Point‐of‐Care Diagnostics (2021)

Rapid diagnostic testing has become a mainstay of patient care, using easily obtained samples such as blood or urine to facilitate sample analysis at the point-of-care. These tests rely on the detection of disease or organ-specific biomarkers that have been well characterized for a particular disorder. Currently, there is no rapid diagnostic test for hearing loss, which is one of the most prevalent sensory disorders in the world. In this review, potential biomarkers for inner ear-related disorders, their detection, and quantification in bodily fluids are described. The authors discuss lesion-specific changes in cell-free deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs), micro-ribonucleic acids (microRNAs), proteins, and metabolites, in addition to recent biosensor advances that may facilitate rapid and precise detection of these molecules. Ultimately, these biomarkers may be used to provide accurate diagnostics regarding the site of damage in the inner ear, providing practical information for individualized therapy and assessment of treatment efficacy in the future.
Stratigraphy of the Belfast Quadrangle, Maine (1976)

The Belfast quadrangle is located west of Penobscot Bay in east-central Maine. The stratified rocks of the quadrangle have been regionally metamorphosed, multiply folded, and intruded by plutonic rocks. They are exposed in two major structural blocks separated by the St. George longitudinal fault.
Durability Characteristics of Palladium Catalysts (1991)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In this study, the durability characteristics of three catalyst systems were evaluated. One system was a conventional platinum-rhodium catalyst. The second was a catalyst formulated with palladium and rhodium as the active components. The third system was a catalyst with palladium as the only active metal. These catalysts were evaluated for emissions performance after aging on two durability schedules. The first was a “3-step” aging schedule which is characterized by three distinct temperature steps from 440°C to 775°C. The second schedule involved steady state aging at 440°C. These aging schedules were set up on water-brake engine dynamometers. After low temperature aging, the palladium containing catalysts did not perform as well as the platinum-rhodium catalysts. After 400 hours aging at 440°C, the palladium catalysts had a steady state CO/NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; conversion efficiency of 77% while the platinum rhodium catalyst had a CO/NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; conversion of 95%. It was also observed that this low temperature aging effect was reversible.&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Mn2FeWO6: A New Ni3TeO6‐Type Polar and Magnetic Oxide. (2015)

Abstract Polycrystalline black Mn 2 FeWO 6 is synthesized from a stoichiometric mixture of MnO, Fe 2 O 3 , and WO 3 (multi‐anvil press, 8 GPa, 1673 K, 1 h) and characterized by powder XRD, TEM, XANES, second harmonic generation, magnetic, dielectric and polarization measurements, and DFT calculations.
MEDU-21. TREATMENT OF PNETS WITH THE ONCOLYTIC ADENOVIRUS DELTA-24-RGD RESULTS IN ANTITUMOR EFFECT (2017)

Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors (PNETs) are very rare aggressive pediatric tumors characterized by the presence of poorly differentiated tumor cells. Despite formidable advances in targeted therapies and in the knowledge of the molecular make-up of these tumors, the development of curative therapies is still lagging. Therefore, the outcome for children affected with PNETs still remains dismal. Thus, it is critical to propel alternative therapeutic approaches to improve the survival and quality of life of these children. Delta-24-RGD is an oncolytic adenovirus engineered to have a tumor restricted replication and an expanded tropism to cancer cells. Altogether, these modifications result in a potent antitumor and lack of toxicity as shown by preclinical and clinical studies. In this work we describe the antitumor effect mediated by Delta-24-RGD in PNETs (PFSK-1 and SK-PN-DW cells), as well as a in a new unpublished cell line (PBT-25) that we have generated from a tumor biopsy. First, we demonstrated in vitro that Delta-24-RGD transduces efficiently PNET cells leading to an effective replication yielding high titers of new infectious particles when compared with other type of brain tumors such as glioma. Treatment with the virus in vitro resulted in an effective cell killing effect, obtaining IC50 values ranging from 7 to 18 MOIs. In vivo, Delta-24-RGD showed a safety profile since no signs of toxicity were observed upon its administration. Finally, the antitumor effect of Delta-24-RGD was assessed in vivo in two orthotopic models of sPNET. Delta-24-RGD treatment resulted in a significant increase in overall survival of the animals (19 and 21 days for PFSK-1 and SK-PN-DW, respectively) compared to vehicle treated animals (14 days) and led to long-term survivors free of disease. In vivo antitumor effect in PBT-25 is on-going. In summary, these results demonstrate the potential therapeutic benefit of Delta-24-RGD for the treatment of PNETs.
Architecture of space-time record system based on location-leading (2011)

Aiming at the disadvantages in spatial data management of traditional spatial data record system on the global scale, such as the lack of large-scale or global standard management for data mapping range and spanning mapping junction, a new set of space-time record system, which is based on spatial location and time as an attribute, as well as computer cluster as system storage model, is designed in this paper. On the basis of analyzing the traditional spatial data record mode, the connotation and advantages of the space-time record system are discussed, and the system architecture and functions of the space-time record system are designed in detail based on the global subdivision model and GeoID coding so that it provides effective technical support for the management and organization of the global massive spatial data.
STUDY OF BOMBARDMENT-INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY MATERIALS. (1961)

Research was conducted to obtain the theoretical and experimental data concerning enhanced bombardment-induced-conductivity which would make possible the development of a direct-view storage tube with high resolution, selective erasure, and the simultaneous display of stored and nonstored information. Further experimental confirmation of a correlation between increasing crystal size and higher values of the conduction ratio was needed. It was established previously that thermal processing of the ZnS increases the crystal size and that 300 C thermally processed films exhibited about twice the value of the conduction ratio of non-thermally processed films. Measurements were made on films thermally processed at 450 and 600 C. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that these films exhibited progressively larger size crystals than 300 C processed layers. Both the 450 and 600 C thermally processed layers exhibited conduction ratio values lower than those of the 300 C thermally processed layers, but higher than those of the non-thermally processed layers. This new evidence suggests that factors other than crystal size play a significant role in the bombardment induced-conductivity effect.
Cytotoxic and Novel Compounds from Solanum indicum (2001)

Solavetivone (1), cytotoxic to OVCAR-3 cells with an IC(50) value of 0.1 mM, has been isolated from Solanum indicum. In addition, a novel solafuranone (2) and three known compounds, scopoletin, N-(p-trans-coumaroyl)tyramine, and N-trans-feruloyltyramine, were isolated for the first time from this plant. The structures of the above compounds were established by means of spectroscopic and X-ray analyses.
Differential requirement for c‐Jun NH 2 ‐terminal kinase in TNF‐α‐and Fas‐mediated apoptosis in hepatocytes (2004)

The c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) is involved in the regulation of cell death, but its role in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha- and Fas-mediated apoptosis in primary cells is not well defined. In primary rat hepatocytes expressing an IkappaB superrepressor, the JNK inhibitor SP600125 strongly decreased TNF-alpha-induced cell death, caspase 3 activation, and DNA laddering. In contrast, SP600125 did not rescue mouse hepatocytes from Fas-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis in mouse hepatocytes, induced by human TNF-alpha, was blocked by SP600125, indicating that TNF-receptor (TNF-R) 1-mediated JNK activation is important for TNF-alpha-induced death. However, mouse TNF-alpha was more efficient than human TNF-alpha in activating JNK and killing mouse hepatocytes, suggesting that TNF-R1 and TNF-R2 cooperate in JNK activation and apoptosis. SP600125 rescued actinomycin D-pretreated hepatocytes and hepatocytes expressing a dominant negative c-Jun from TNF-alpha, indicating that JNK exerts its proapoptotic effect independently of transcription and c-Jun. SP600125 delayed the mitochondrial permeability transition, inhibited cytochrome c release and prevented bid degradation after TNF-alpha, suggesting that JNK-regulated proapoptotic factors act upstream of the mitochondria. Moreover, overexpression of JNK1 activated a mitochondrial death pathway in hepatocytes, albeit less efficiently than TNF-alpha. This study demonstrates that JNK augments TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes through a signaling pathway that is distinct from the pathway by which it regulates proliferation.