gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Individualized immunosuppression in transplant patients: potential role of pharmacogenetics (2012)

The immunosuppressive drugs used to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs have a narrow therapeutic index. Under treatment results in episodes of rejection leading to either damage or loss of the organ. Over immunosuppression increases the risk of infection and malignancy as well as drug specific complications including diabetes mellitus and nephrotoxicity. There is wide variation in the drug dose required to achieve target blood concentrations and there is often dissociation between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Currently, immunosuppressive drug treatment is individualized based on a clinical assessment of the risk of rejection or toxicity. Therapeutic drug monitoring is routinely employed for several immunosuppressive drugs. Pharmacogenetics has the potential to complement therapeutic drug monitoring but clinical benefit has yet to be demonstrated. Novel biomarker-based approaches to risk stratification and pharmacodynamic monitoring are under development and are ready for clinical trials.
Extended touch user interfaces (2013)

This paper explores an extended touch-based input interface for mobile devices by inferring the user-tapped location on any neighboring surface. We propose the feasibility of achieving a portable solution by using only the device microphone, without needing multiple sensors or highly specialized single piezoelectric sensor as has been done in past research. Training and classification of discrete tap locations is done using cross-correlation analysis on the audio feature vector. We first explore a binary classifier that performs pair-wise detection of taps, which results in a 92% detection rate across different surfaces. The solution is extended to multi-tap detection using a K-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) algorithm trained on 17 output classes, resulting in 92% knuckle tap and 63% soft tap detection.
Stealth Amphiphiles: Self-Assembly of Polyhedral Boron Clusters (2016)

This is the first experimental evidence that both self-assembly and surface activity are common features of all water-soluble boron cluster compounds. The solution behavior of anionic polyhedral boranes (sodium decaborate, sodium dodecaborate, and sodium mercaptododecaborate), carboranes (potassium 1-carba-dodecaborate), and metallacarboranes {sodium [cobalt bis(1,2-dicarbollide)]} was extensively studied, and it is evident that all the anionic boron clusters form multimolecular aggregates in water. However, the mechanism of aggregation is dependent on size and polarity. The series of studied clusters spans from a small hydrophilic decaborate-resembling hydrotrope to a bulky hydrophobic cobalt bis(dicarbollide) behaving like a classical surfactant. Despite their pristine structure resembling Platonic solids, the nature of anionic boron cluster compounds is inherently amphiphilic-they are stealth amphiphiles.
Radiation-driven hydrodynamics of long pulse hohlraums on the National Ignition Facility (2005)

The first hohlraum experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) using the first four laser beams have activated the indirect drive experimental capabilities and tested radiation temperature limits imposed by hohlraum plasma filling. Vacuum hohlraums have been irradiated with laser powers up to 6 TW, 1 ns to 9 ns long square pulses and energies of up to 17 kJ to activate several diagnostics, to study the hohlraum radiation temperature scaling with the laser power and hohlraum size, and to make contact with hohlraum experiments performed at the NOVA and Omega laser facilities. Furthermore, for a variety of hohlraum sizes and pulse lengths, the measured x-ray flux shows signatures of plasma filling that coincide with hard x-ray emission from plasma streaming out of the hohlraum. These observations agree with hydrodynamic simulations and with analytical modeling that includes hydrodynamic and coronal radiative losses. The modeling predicts radiation temperature limits on full NIF (1.8 MJ) that are significantly greater than required for ignition hohlraums.
New Experimental Methods for the Analysis of Light Pulses and Partial Coherent Laser Beams (1975)

Conventional description of light sources in terms of power and coherence is deprived of all meaning as their statistical properties are not stationary. For instance, this case appears in light distribution in which illumination gradients are important (e.g. speckle), or pulses emitted by a mode-locked laser, the modes being partially or completely synchronized. Some methods of measurement of statistical data specify such partial coherent sources optically. Experiments show that the shape of 3rd-order time correlation obtained in nonlinear optical media leads to new quantitative information on the structure of short impulse sequence evolving some time coherence. Likewise, some classes of spatial distribution of luminance are analysed by utilizing concepts derived from experiments of holography in spatially incoherent light.
Liver transplant rejection: angiographic findings in 35 patients (1987)

Rejection, the leading cause of liver allograft dysfunction, is usually detected by liver biopsy. The purpose of this study was to determine if there are angiographic findings that correlate with this posttransplantation complication. In a retrospective study, the angiograms of 35 patients with histologically proven allograft rejection were reviewed. The examinations were done because of suspected posttransplantation vascular complications. Abnormal hepatic arteriograms were observed in 30 (86%). Eleven (37%) of the 30 had hepatic artery thrombosis (all had acute rejection). Nineteen (63%) of the 30 had varying degrees of intrahepatic arterial narrowing (14 had acute and five had chronic rejection). Additional findings in patients with acute rejection included stretching of the intrahepatic arterial tree (five cases) and slow flow, poor peripheral arterial filling, and a decrease in the number of intrahepatic arteries (10 cases total). Intrahepatic branch vessel stenoses and occlusions were seen in four patients with chronic rejection. We conclude that there is good correlations between the angiographic findings and histologic evidence of rejection. Although angiography is not advocated as a test for transplant rejection, detection of certain findings raises the possibility of rejection.
PI3K signaling is required for prostaglandin-induced mucosal recovery in ischemia-injured porcine ileum (2003)

We have previously shown that PGE(2) and PGI(2) induce recovery of transepithelial resistance (TER) in ischemia-injured porcine ileal mucosa, associated with initial increases in Cl(-) secretion. We believe that the latter generates an osmotic gradient that stimulates resealing of tight junctions. Because of evidence implicating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in regulating tight junction assembly, we postulated that this signaling pathway is involved in PG-induced mucosal recovery. Porcine ileum was subjected to 45 min of ischemia, after which TER was monitored for a 180-min recovery period. Endogenous PG production was inhibited with indomethacin (5 microM). PGE(2) (1 microM) and PGI(2) (1 microM) stimulated recovery of TER, which was inhibited by serosal application of the osmotic agent urea (300 mosmol/kgH(2)O). The PI3K inhibitor wortmannin (10 nM) blocked recovery of TER in response to PGs or mucosal urea. Immunofluorescence imaging of recovering epithelium revealed that PGs restored occludin and zonula occludens-1 distribution to interepithelial junctions, and this pattern was disrupted by pretreatment with wortmannin. These experiments suggest that PGs stimulate recovery of paracellular resistance via a mechanism involving transepithelial osmotic gradients and PI3K-dependent restoration of tight junction protein distribution.
Safety of Pregnancy After Discontinuation of Isotretinoin (1989)

Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid, Accutane) increases the risk of major congenital malformations in infants exposed to isotretinoin during pregnancy. However, there have been no epidemiologic reports to date on the effect of a subsequent pregnancy after discontinuation of isotretinoin. This article describes our analysis of pregnancy case reports from patients in whom conception occurred after isotretinoin treatment had been discontinued. Based on the 88 prospectively ascertained cases, the incidence rate of both spontaneous and missed abortions from all pregnancies was 9.1% (eight patients), and the incidence rate of congenital malformation among the live births was 5.0% (four patients). The incidence rates for both these outcomes were not significantly different from the rates reported for women of reproductive age in the general population. In addition, the malformations reported were not characteristic of retinoic acid-induced congenital anomalies.
Big data quality framework: a holistic approach to continuous quality management (2021)

Abstract Big Data is an essential research area for governments, institutions, and private agencies to support their analytics decisions. Big Data refers to all about data, how it is collected, processed, and analyzed to generate value-added data-driven insights and decisions. Degradation in Data Quality may result in unpredictable consequences. In this case, confidence and worthiness in the data and its source are lost. In the Big Data context, data characteristics, such as volume, multi-heterogeneous data sources, and fast data generation, increase the risk of quality degradation and require efficient mechanisms to check data worthiness. However, ensuring Big Data Quality (BDQ) is a very costly and time-consuming process, since excessive computing resources are required. Maintaining Quality through the Big Data lifecycle requires quality profiling and verification before its processing decision. A BDQ Management Framework for enhancing the pre-processing activities while strengthening data control is proposed. The proposed framework uses a new concept called Big Data Quality Profile. This concept captures quality outline, requirements, attributes, dimensions, scores, and rules. Using Big Data profiling and sampling components of the framework, a faster and efficient data quality estimation is initiated before and after an intermediate pre-processing phase. The exploratory profiling component of the framework plays an initial role in quality profiling; it uses a set of predefined quality metrics to evaluate important data quality dimensions. It generates quality rules by applying various pre-processing activities and their related functions. These rules mainly aim at the Data Quality Profile and result in quality scores for the selected quality attributes. The framework implementation and dataflow management across various quality management processes have been discussed, further some ongoing work on framework evaluation and deployment to support quality evaluation decisions conclude the paper.
Ejection force in tubular injection moldings. Part I: Effect of processing conditions (2004)

Abstract The development and manufacture of injection molds for high quality technical parts are complex tasks involving the knowledge of the injection molding process and the material changes induced by processing. In the case of some specific shapes (boxes, tubular fittings), the shrinkage is partially restricted by the mold. The molding shrinks against the core, inserts or pins. Thus, upon ejection, it will be necessary to overcome the frictional forces resulting from the shrinkage. The knowledge of the ejection force is a useful contribution to optimizing the design of molds with these features, and to guaranteeing the structural integrity of the moldings. A study on the effect of conditions on the ejection force required for deep tubular moldings is described for the cases of three common thermoplastic polymers. The studies were based on tubular moldings (60 mm diameter, 146 mm length, and 2 mm thickness). The injection unit cell consisted of a 1 MN clamp force injection molding machine, thermal regulator, and material dryer. During processing, pressure, temperature and ejection force evolutions were recorded. The results show that the processing conditions noticeably influence the ejection force. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44:891–897, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Spatial Characteristics of PM1 Aerosol Chemical Composition over the Greater Athens Area (2020)

Airborne sub-micrometer particles (PM1) have been documented to exert adverse impacts on human health, including respiratory and cardiovascular disease and premature mortality. The Greater Athens Area (GAA), characterized by topographic and meteorological conditions which frequently obstruct the effective dispersion of ambient pollutants, hosts approximately 40% of Greece’s population. It can be considered an “ambient laboratory” for studying PM1 pollution events, given the intensity and diversity of submicron aerosol sources and processing. Fine aerosol chemical composition is continuously monitored at the National Observatory of Athens Air Monitoring Station in Thissio, an urban background site in Central Athens. Furthermore, two intensive monthly campaigns were held at a central site in Piraeus, where Greece’s busiest passenger port is located, during both winter (December 2018–January 2019) and summer (June–July 2019) periods. Organic aerosol (OA), sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and chloride were measured using an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM), while black carbon (BC and source-specific components) was measured using a multi-wavelength aethalometer (AE-33). The variability of concentrations at different temporal scales was examined, revealing differences for primary aerosol components, depending on site type and location, and related to local sources and transport processes. Biomass burning for domestic heating was found to be a key factor during wintertime, leading to uniform OA and BC levels at both sites, while the local sources in Piraeus (traffic, port activity) lead to substantially increased levels during the summer. Secondary sources were found to affect both sites in a relatively homogeneous manner.
High Refractive Index Polymer Composites Synthesized by Cross-Linking of Oxozirconium Clusters Through Thiol-Ene Polymerization (2015)

Transparent hybrid organic methacrylate capped zirconium oxo-clusters (ZOCs) with thiol-ene monomers. The vinyl capping groups potentially enable the ZOCs to become an integral part of the thiol-ene network. The ZOCs are reasonably soluble in the thiol-ene monomers yielding a loading of 1 wt. -%. The resulting polymer composites were highly transparent in the visible region and exhibited significant enhancement in the refractive indices with measured values ranging from 1. 714 to 1. 744. Moreover, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that all the composites exhibited good mechanical strength and were robust enough to undergo machining and/or polishing without fracture.
Communications: Single-mode fibers outperform multimode cables: Successful field trials and imminent commercial use stem from high capacity and the need for fewer repeaters (1983)

The difference in transmission pattern gives single-mode fibers important advantages which includes a greater information-carrying capacity and the need for fewer repeaters. Some field trials using optical waveguides are discussed. Splicing of the fibers, losses through bending, dispersion, and sources and detectors for single-mode systems are also included.
Modified Oxygen Defect Chemistry at Transition Metal Oxide Heterostructures Probed by Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction (2018)

International audience
DSC Studies of Systems with Induced Antiferroelectric Phase (2002)

The phase diagram of binary mixtures composed of two chiral esters, obtained from DSC measurements is presented. The transition between the induced SmC A * and SmC g * phases were precisely determined. The c p values as a function of temperature and the enthalpy of the phase transitions were determined. The non-additive behaviour of c p is nice visible in the plot of C P E as a function of composition.
Influence of winding topologies and encapsulation materials on FSPM machine thermal performance (2020)

This study investigates the thermal impact of using different winding topologies and different winding encapsulation materials on dual‐stator 6/4 flux‐switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine with water jacket cooling. The thermal performance of four different design cases are compared using lumped‐parameter thermal network models. The modelling of the heat transfer in the stator slot, machine air gap and water jacket channel are presented. It is shown that FSPM machines with circumferential winding and toroidal winding have different thermal limiting components and the winding encapsulation material has a different impact on the thermal performance of the two winding topologies. Prototype motors are built and tested to validate the thermal models.
Tunable dispersion compensator with twin chirped fiber gratings for polarization mode dispersion and chromatic dispersion (2005)

We have developed new tunable dispersion compensators with twin chirped fiber gratings for polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and chromatic dispersion (CD), simultaneously, and successfully demonstrated their ability to change differential group delay (DGD) and chromatic dispersion, independently. The tuning range for the DGD and CD are 150 ps and 200 ps/nm, respectively. The validity of this device for ultra high speed optical communication was confirmed by the simulations of 43 Gbit/s CS-RZ optical transmission.
Impact of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy on Treatment Delivery in Nonmetastatic Breast Cancer (2013)

Oncologists limited the dosing of chemotherapy because of CIPN in a significant proportion of paclitaxel recipients, most frequently in those who received a weekly regimen. Patients who had their dose reduced or discontinued received significantly less cumulative chemotherapy than planned. The implications of these DL CIPN events on treatment outcomes must be investigated.
Isomerization of trans-stilbene: Theory for pressure dependence of the rate (1998)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Gidon Gershinsky, Eli Pollak; Isomerization of trans-stilbene: Theory for pressure dependence of the rate. J. Chem. Phys. 1 June 1998; 108 (21): 9186–9187. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.476365 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioThe Journal of Chemical Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
The long-term impact of transcatheter aortic valve implantation on arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics (2020)

Abstract Background/Introduction The study of arterial properties in patients with aortic valve stenosis who undergo transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remains challenging and results so far seem equivocal. Purpose We sought to investigate the acute and long-term effect of TAVI on arterial stiffness and wave reflections opting for a global approach. Methods We enrolled 90 patients (mean age 80.2±8.1 years, 50% males) with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI. Arterial stiffness was assessed by both carotid-femoral and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (cfPWV and baPWV). Augmentation index corrected for heart rate (AIx@75), an index of wave reflections, and central pressures were assessed with arterial tonometry. Measurements were conducted at baseline, after the procedure and at 1 year. Results Immediately post-TAVI there was a statistically significant increase in arterial stiffness (7.5±1.5 m/s vs 8.4±1.9 m/s, p=0.001 for cfPWV and 1,773±459 cm/s vs 2,383±645 cm/s, p&amp;lt;0.001 for baPWV) despite no change in systolic blood pressure. At 1-year follow-up, TAVI was still associated with an increase in arterial stiffness compared to pre-TAVI (7.5±1.5 m/s vs 8.7±1.7 m/s, p&amp;lt;0.001 for cfPWV and 1,773±459 cm/s vs 2,286±575 cm/s, p&amp;lt;0.001 for baPWV) but not to post-TAVI values. We also observed a decrease in AIx@75 (32.2±12.9% vs 27.9±8.4%, p=0.016) post-TAVI that was attenuated at 1 year (32.2±12.9% vs 29.8±9.1%, p=0.38). Conclusions Our study shows that after TAVI the arterial system exhibits an increase of stiffness in response to the acute relief of the obstruction, which is retained in the long term. Our findings further elucidate the immediate and long-term hemodynamic changes of TAVI to the aorta that may entail prognostic role in this growing population. Change of vascular biomarkers post-TAVI Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
[Clinical investigation of outbreak of nosocomial severe acute respiratory syndrome]. (2003)

It is very important for clinicians to pay great attention to protect themselves from infection of SARS. Early discovery of SARS, early isolation of SARS patients, and early treatment are very helpful to improving patient's prognosis and controlling SARS overspread.
Efficiency Enhancement InGaP/GaAs Dual-Junction Solar Cell with Subwavelength Antireflection Nanorod Arrays (2011)

The enhanced conversion efficiency of the InGaP/GaAs dual-junction solar cell was demonstrated utilizing broad-band and omnidirectional antireflection nanorod arrays. The nanorod arrays were fabricated by self-assembled Ni clusters, followed by inductively-coupled-plasma reactive ion etching. The conversion efficiency measured under one-sun air mass 1.5 global illuminations at room temperature was improved by 10.8%. The light absorption efficiencies of the top InGaP and bottom GaAs cells were also studied under the influence of nanorod arrays. The enhanced absorption efficiency was mostly contributed from the short wavelength absorption by top cell. Surface nanorod arrays served not only as broad-band omnidirectional antireflection layers but also scattering sources. The structure can be further optimized to obtain the maximum conversion efficiency.
Activation of NF-kappaB and IL-8 by Yersinia enterocolitica invasin protein is conferred by engagement of Rac1 and MAP kinase cascades (2003)

Yersinia enterocolitica triggers activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and production of the proinflammatory chemokine interleukin (IL)-8 in intestinal epithelial cells. This activation is due to adhesion of the bacteria via their outer membrane protein invasin to the host cells. Using Clostridium difficile toxins that specifically inactivate small GTPases, and transfection of inhibitory proteins of the Rho-GTPases, we demonstrate that Rac1, but not Cdc42 or Rho, is required for activation of NF-kappaB by invasin. Invasin activated the mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) p38 and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) but not extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK). The functional relevance of these pathways for invasin-mediated IL-8 expression was assessed by protein kinase inhibitors and dominant-negative kinase mutants. While NF-kappaB and JNK contribute to IL-8 transcription, p38 MAPK also acts through stabilization of IL-8 mRNA, as confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Transfection experiments with I-kappaB kinase (IKK)1 and IKK2 mutants indicate that the release of NF-kappaB from its cytoplasmic inhibitor I-kappaB and its translocation into the nucleus is mediated by these kinases. Our data identify Rac1 as a key intermediate in invasin-triggered IL-8 synthesis and demonstrate that maximum IL-8 induction involves several MAP kinase cascades.