gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oral Phenotype of Singleton–Merten Syndrome: A Systematic Review Illustrated With a Case Report (2022)

<b>Background:</b> Singleton-Merten syndrome type 1 (SGMRT1) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by <i>IFIH1</i> variations with blood vessel calcifications, teeth anomalies, and bone defects. <b>Aim:</b> We aimed to summarize the oral findings in SGMRT1 through a systematic review of the literature and to describe the phenotype of a 10-year-old patient with SGMRT1 diagnosis. <b>Results:</b> A total of 20 patients were described in the literature, in nine articles. Eight <i>IFIH1</i> mutations were described in 11 families. Delayed eruption, short roots, and premature loss of permanent teeth were the most described features (100%). Impacted teeth (89%) and carious lesions (67%) were also described. Our patient, a 10-year-old male with Singleton-Merten syndrome, presented numerous carious lesions, severe teeth malposition, especially in the anterior arch, and an oral hygiene deficiency with a 100% plaque index. The panoramic X-ray did not show any dental agenesis but revealed very short roots and a decrease in the jaw alveolar bone height. The whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed a heterozygous <i>de novo</i> variant in <i>IFIH1</i> (NM_022168.4) c.2465G > A (p.Arg822Gln). <b>Conclusion:</b> Confused descriptions of oral features occurred in the literature between congenital findings and "acquired" pathology, especially carious lesions. The dental phenotype of these patients encompasses eruption anomalies (delayed eruption and impacted teeth) and lack of root edification, leading to premature loss of permanent teeth, and it may contribute to the diagnosis. An early diagnosis is essential to prevent teeth loss and to improve the quality of life of these patients. <b>Systematic Review Registration</b>: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42022300025].
Hydrogen and Methane Adsorption in Metal−Organic Frameworks:  A High-Pressure Volumetric Study (2007)

We report hydrogen and methane adsorption isotherms in two prototypical metal−organic framework compounds (i.e., MOF5 and ZIF8) over a large temperature (30−300 K) and pressure (up to 65 bar) range using a fully computer-controlled Sieverts apparatus. We find that, in a volumetric method, a proper choice of real gas equation of state is critical for obtaining reliable isotherm data. The widely used van der Waals equation of state (EOS) is not adequate to describe H2 and CH4, while the modified Benedict−Webb−Rubin (MBWR) EOS works well, even at very low temperatures and high pressures. With the known sample mass and bulk density, the skeleton density and the specific pore volume of MOF5 and ZIF8 were also measured. In addition to excess and absolute adsorption isotherms, we also introduce an “effective adsorption” which compares the amounts of gas adsorbed in a container with and without the adsorbent. At low temperatures, the maximal excess adsorption capacities of H2 and CH4 in MOF5 are found to be 10.3 wt % and 51.7 wt %, respectively, while they are only 4.4 wt % and 22.4 wt % in ZIF8. From the temperature-dependent isotherm data, the isosteric heat of adsorption (Qst) was also estimated. The excess Qst's for the initial H2 and CH4 adsorption in MOF5 are ∼4.8 kJ/mol and ∼12.2 kJ/mol, respectively. We obtained similar Qst's for ZIF8. We hope that the detailed isotherm curves reported here over a large temperature and pressure range will be a critical test for future grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations and force-field models.
The Effect of Temperature Dependent Electrical Conductivity on the MHD Natural Convection of Al2O3–Water Nanofluid in a Rectangular Enclosure (2014)

The present paper is concerned with the study of flow and heat transfer characteristics in the steady state free convective flow of Al2O3-waternanofluids in a square enclosure in the presence of magnetic field. Attention is given to the temperature variation of the electrical conductivity and its effect on the electromagnetic force induced by the motion of the nanofluid. A new experimental correlation recently presented in the literature was used for this aim. In all the earlier studies in this area the electrical conductivity variation of nanofluid with temperature was neglected. The fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity are assumed to vary as a function of temperature and this variation is modeled using the available experimental correlations. The governing differential equations are solved numerically using finite element method. The features of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics are analyzed for various strengths of the magnetic field and different nanoparticle volume fractions. The results show that when the inclusion of the variation of the electrical conductivity with temperature in the numerical model noticeably affects the natural convection heat transfer in the studied rectangular cavity. The variations of Nusselt number for natural convection of Al2O3-water nanofluid with nanoparticle volume fractions are presented at various Rayleigh and Hartmann numbers.
Feasibility study of helicopter-towed air cushion logistic vehicles (1975)

Abstract : A feasibility study of a helicopter-towed air cushion logistic vehicle (ACLV) was performed. The scope of the study encompassed movement of loaded LASH system lighters on unmanned air-cushion platforms from an off-shore ship onto a sand beach in support of amphibious assault operations. Motive power is to be provided by towing with RH-53 helicopter. Color illustrations reproduced in black and white.
Quantification of Cells Expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Markers in Healthy and Osteoarthritic Synovial Membranes (2010)

Synovial membranes from patients with OA contain more cells positive for CD44, CD90, and CD105 antigens than those from joints with undamaged cartilage.
SyQL (2008)

Data mining on software products and process metrics is hard. The relations between them are different and may vary. We present a data manipulation language called System Query Language, which partially overcomes the problems of other similar languages and allows the user to retrieve the needed information.
The action of Trypanosoma cruzi trans‐sialidase on glycolipids and glycoproteins (1993)

Addition of sialic acid residues in the human pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi glycoconjugates is mediated by a trans-sialidase and not by a CMP-sialic acid:glycoconjugate sialyltransferase. Incubation of trans-sialidase with N-[galactose-14C]acetyllactosamine and O-linked oligosaccharides, N-linked glycopeptides (both obtained from fetuin) or sialyllactose showed that the last three compounds were donors of sialic acid residues to the first one. Moreover, N- and O-linked oligosaccharides in asialofetuin and asialomucin, respectively, served as acceptors of sialic acid units. Gangliosides GM3, GD1a and GT1b but not GM2, GM1a nor GD1b donated sialic acid units to N-acetyllactos amine when incubated with trans-sialidase. This showed that only sialic acid units bound to terminal galactosyl residues were transferred. GM1a was converted to GD1a, and GD1b to GT1b when incubated with the appropriate donor. The fact that asialo-GM1a was converted to a ganglioside migrating as GD1a on thin-layer chromatography suggested that sialic acid units may be transferred to internal galactosyl residues, although once linked to those residues they can not be further transferred to other glycoconjugates. Sialic acid residues linked alpha 2,3- but not alpha 2,6- or alpha 2,8- were transferred by the trans-sialidase. Methyl beta-galactoside but not methyl alpha-galactoside served as acceptor of sialic acid units, thus suggesting that terminal alpha-linked galactosyl units in T. cruzi and mammalian glycoproteins are not sialylated by the enzyme. As the trans-sialidase employed in these experiments has been shown to be located on the external surface of the parasite and to be shed to the medium, the relatively broad specificity shown by the enzyme with respect to protein- and lipid-linked oligosaccharides strongly suggests that infection by T. cruzi might alter the sialic acid distribution in glycoproteins and glycolipids of the mammalian host.
Immobilization of Antibodies on Ultraflat Polystyrene Surfaces (2000)

This study confirmed the potential of preparing dense, homogeneous, highly specific, and highly stable antibody surfaces by immobilizing antibodies on polystyrene surfaces with controlled roughness. It is expected that such biofunctional surfaces could be of interest for the development of new solid-phase immunoassay techniques and biosensor techniques.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Hetero[7]helicenes Containing Pyrrole and Furan Rings via an Oxidative Heterocoupling and Dehydrative Cyclization Sequence (2023)

Abstract The electrochemical synthesis of hetero[7]helicenes including pyrrole and furan rings has been established. A single electrochemical operation led to an oxidative heterocoupling and dehydrative cyclization sequence to afford oxaza[7]helicenes in 50–86% yields with 45–77% Faradic efficiencies. Their derivatization and chiroptical properties were also investigated. magnified image
A Microphotonic Astrocomb (2017)

One of the essential prerequisites for detection of Earth-like extra-solar planets or direct measurements of the cosmological expansion is the accurate and precise wavelength calibration of astronomical spectrometers. It has already been realized that the large number of exactly known optical frequencies provided by laser frequency combs ('astrocombs') can significantly surpass conventionally used hollow-cathode lamps as calibration light sources. A remaining challenge, however, is generation of frequency combs with lines resolvable by astronomical spectrometers. Here we demonstrate an astrocomb generated via soliton formation in an on-chip microphotonic resonator ('microresonator') with a resolvable line spacing of 23.7 GHz. This comb is providing wavelength calibration on the 10 cm/s radial velocity level on the GIANO-B high-resolution near-infrared spectrometer. As such, microresonator frequency combs have the potential of providing broadband wavelength calibration for the next-generation of astronomical instruments in planet-hunting and cosmological research.
Effects of metformin on glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in obese patients with and without Type 2 diabetes. (2004)

Metformin has been shown to increase glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels after an oral glucose load in obese non-diabetic subjects. In order to verify if this effect of the drug was also present in obese Type 2 diabetic patients who have never been treated with hypoglycemic drugs, 22 Type 2 diabetic and 12 matched non-diabetic obese patients were studied. GLP-1 was measured before and after a 100 g glucose load at baseline, after a single oral dose of 850 mg of metformin, and after 4 weeks of treatment with metformin 850 mg three times daily. Post-load GLP-1 levels were significantly lower in diabetic patients. A single dose of metformin did not modify GLP-1 levels. After 4 weeks of treatment, fasting GLP-1 increased in diabetic patients (3.8 vs 4.9 pmol/l; p<0.05), while the incremental area under the curve of GLP-1 significantly increased in both diabetic [93.6 (45.6-163.2) vs 151.2 (36.0-300.5) pmol x min/l; p<0.05] and non-diabetic [187.2 (149.4-571.8) vs 324.0 (238.2-744.0) pmol x min/l; p<0.05] subjects. In conclusion, GLP-1 levels after an oral glucose load in obese type 2 diabetic patients were increased by 4 weeks of metformin treatment in a similar fashion as in obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance.
Moths of Redlake Cottage Meadows, Cornwall 1986-1991 (1992)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Greenhouse Cucumber Cultivars Differ in Susceptibility to Fusarium Root and Stem Rot (2004)

Eighteen cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars (long English type) were screened for their susceptibility to fusarium root and stem rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.: Fr. f.sp. radicis-cucumerinum D.J. Vakalounakis using seedlings at the third true-leaf stage. Roots were trimmed and dipped into a spore suspension (10 5 spores/mL) of the pathogen and the plants were re-potted. A disease severity index (DSI) was used to assess disease responses 4 or 8 weeks later based on plant mortality and the height of surviving plants compared to the noninoculated controls. `Sienna', `Amazing' and `Dominica' were most susceptible to infection and the resulting DSI values were significantly ( P ≤ 0.05) higher compared to noninoculated control plants. The cultivars `Korinda', `Euphoria' and `Aviance' displayed significantly lower DSI values which were not significantly different from noninoculated control plants. The remaining 12 cultivars displayed DSI values which were intermediate between the above two classes of responses. The results from this study indicate there is the potential to identify and develop cultivars and breeding lines of greenhouse cucumbers with enhanced resistance to fusarium root and stem rot.
The Portfolio Diet and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Findings From the Women’s Health Initiative Prospective Cohort Study (2022)

Greater adherence to the plant-predominant Portfolio, DASH, and Mediterranean diets was prospectively associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women.
Two-tier Cellular Networks with Frequency Selective Surface (2012)

A key challenge is how to improve the wireless capacity of cellular networks for both outdoor and indoor users. Whilst deploying low power femtocells can significantly improve the indoor capacity, its interference can erode the outdoor capacity. In order to maximise the performance of the co-frequency two-tier network, the research challenge is how to minimise their mutual interference through coordination and other methods. This paper proposes a controllable interface that acts as a dynamic barrier between the outdoor and indoor networks. The interfaces comprises of a frequency-selective-surface (FSS) which is a band-stop filter. The paper also demonstrates that without any FSS interfaces, the mutual interference between indoor and outdoor networks erodes the capacity of each other significantly. The benefit of the FSS interface is that it is able to mitigate the mutual interference to the extent that their capacities are maximised. The results show that by deploying FSS interfaces, an improvement of up to 1.3 fold in mean throughput, 4.6 fold in throughput fairness for outdoor users and 1.2 fold in mean throughput, 2 fold in throughput fairness for indoor users can be achieved. The analysis is conducted using both a theoretical stochastic geometry analysis and multi-cell simulation results.
Breast-Feeding and Risk for Childhood Obesity (2007)

We read with great interest the recent study by Mayer-Davis et al. (1) on the impact of breast-feeding on childhood obesity risk in the presence of maternal diabetes or obesity. The authors drew conclusions that seem to directly oppose previous observations from our group (2,3). However, we would like to deliver three arguments suggesting that the presented data can also be interpreted in a completely different manner and in no way exclude, but rather support, a …
Broadening of the x-ray emission line due to the instrumental function of the double-crystal spectrometer (2002)

The influence of the instrumental function on the Cu $K{\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{1}$ emission line was investigated for the case of a double-crystal spectrometer. The magnitude of broadening for both Si(220) and Si(440) was calculated for a Lorentzian emission line with the width of 1--5 eV; the broadening for Si(220) is 0.12--0.18 eV while that for Si(440) is only 0.015--0.043 eV. The former is too large to be neglected, so the correction for the instrumental function is important. The spectrum affected by the instrumental function seems to keep the shape of Lorentzian though its width is larger. The fact indicates that the Lorentzian fitting analysis is effective if the appropriate correction for width is done.
Alterations in the number of glucocorticoid receptors of circulating lymphocytes in sepsis. (1986)

A 2-to 16-fold increase in the number of glucocorticoid receptors of circulating lymphocytes was observed in 17 septic patients as compared to 10 control patients with no inflammatory disease. The number of receptors was low in 3 septic patients who did not respond to antibiotic and glucocorticoid therapy and died. Intravenous administration of 100 mg of cortisol reduced the number of receptors available to the assay by about 30% in both septic and control patients.
Parallel magnetic resonance imaging as approximation in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (2015)

In Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data samples are collected in the spatial frequency domain (k-space), typically by time-consuming line-by-line scanning on a Cartesian grid. Scans can be accelerated by simultaneous acquisition of data using multiple receivers (parallel imaging), and by using more efficient non-Cartesian sampling schemes. To understand and design k-space sampling patterns, a theoretical framework is needed to analyze how well arbitrary sampling patterns reconstruct unsampled k-space using receive coil information. As shown here, reconstruction from samples at arbitrary locations can be understood as approximation of vector-valued functions from the acquired samples and formulated using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) with a matrix-valued kernel defined by the spatial sensitivities of the receive coils. This establishes a formal connection between approximation theory and parallel imaging. Theoretical tools from approximation theory can then be used to understand reconstruction in k-space and to extend the analysis of the effects of samples selection beyond the traditional image-domain g-factor noise analysis to both noise amplification and approximation errors in k-space. This is demonstrated with numerical examples.
N-Halogeno compounds. Part 18. 1-Alkyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane salts: user-friendly site-selective electrophilic fluorinating agents of the N-fluoroammonium class (1996)

Methods of synthesis are described for a range of 1-alkyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane salts [R–N+(CH2CH2)3N+–F(X–)2, where R = CH3, CH2Cl, C2H5, CF3CH2, C8H17 and (X–)2=(TfO–)2, (BF4–)2, (PF6–)2, (TfO–, BF4–), (TfO–, PF6–), (TfO–, FSO3–)] by direct fluorination (with neat F2 at ⩽20 mmHg or F2–N2 blends at 1 atm pressure) of monoquaternary salts of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane [R–+N(CH2CH2)3N X–] or their 1:1 adducts with boron trifluoride, phosphorus pentafluoride, or sulfur trioxide in acetonitrile at ca– 35 °C. The results of site-selective electrophilic fluorination of diethyl sodio(phenyl)malonate [→PhCF(CO2Et)2], 1-morpholinocyclohexene (→2-fluoro-cyclohexanone), phenol(→2-and 4-FC6H4OH), 1-and 2-hydroxynaphthalene (→2-and 4-FC10H6OH, and 1-FC10H6OH and 1,1-difluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydronaphthalene, respectively), acetanilide (→2-and 4-FC6H4NHCOCH3), anisole (→2-and 4-FC6H4OCH3) and sodium benzenesulfinate (→ PhSO2F) with these N-fluoroammonium salts are presented.
In Situ Formation and Structure Tailoring of Carbon Onions by High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (2009)

We report here a shell-by-shell formation of carbon onion by means of in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. An innermost fullerene seed first forms and acts as the central nucleation core to produce a multishell carbon polygon. Then, the carbon polygon can be further transformed to the carbon onions in a controllable manner through the so-called “hot shrinkage” process.
Analysis of Relationships between Peptide/MHC Structural Features and Naive T Cell Frequency in Humans (2014)

The structural rules governing peptide/MHC (pMHC) recognition by T cells remain unclear. To address this question, we performed a structural characterization of several HLA-A2/peptide complexes and assessed in parallel their antigenicity, by analyzing the frequency of the corresponding Ag-specific naive T cells in A2(+) and A2(-) individuals, as well as within CD4(+) and CD8(+) subsets. We were able to find a correlation between specific naive T cell frequency and peptide solvent accessibility and/or mobility for a subset of moderately prominent peptides. However, one single structural parameter of the pMHC complexes could not be identified to explain each peptide antigenicity. Enhanced pMHC antigenicity was associated with both highly biased TRAV usage, possibly reflecting favored interaction between particular pMHC complexes and germline TRAV loops, and peptide structural features allowing interactions with a broad range of permissive CDR3 loops. In this context of constrained TCR docking mode, an optimal peptide solvent exposed surface leading to an optimal complementarity with TCR interface may constitute one of the key features leading to high frequency of specific T cells. Altogether our results suggest that frequency of specific T cells depends on the fine-tuning of several parameters, the structural determinants governing TCR-pMHC interaction being just one of them.
AINTEGUMENTA utilizes a mode of DNA recognition distinct from that used by proteins containing a single AP2 domain (2003)

The Arabidopsis protein AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) is an important regulator of organ growth during flower development. ANT is a member of the AP2 subclass of the AP2/ERF family of plant-specific transcription factors. These proteins contain either one or two copies of a DNA-binding domain called the AP2 domain. Here, it is shown that ANT can act as a transcriptional activator in yeast through binding to a consensus ANT-binding site. This activity was used as the basis for a genetic screen to identify amino acids that are critical for the DNA binding ability of ANT. Mutants that showed reduced or no activation of a reporter gene under the control of ANT-binding sites were identified. The mutations identified in the screen as well as additional site-directed mutations suggest that the mode of DNA recognition by members of the AP2 subfamily is distinct from that of ERF proteins. Surprisingly, it appears that each AP2 domain of ANT uses different amino acids to contact DNA. Identification of several linker mutations argues that this sequence acts in the positioning of each AP2 domain on the DNA or makes direct DNA contacts.
Wave interaction with hinged flexible breakwater (1990)

A closed-form, linear analytic solution for the problem of wave interaction with a hinged flexible breakwater is presented. The fluid motion is described theoretically by utilizing an eigenseries representation of linear wave theory. The flexible breakwater is modelled by a beam hinged at sea bottom and with moorings at top. The beam is assumed to have uniform stiffness and mass distribution. The coupling problem of fluid and structure interaction is solved in differential forms. From the present theoretical solution, the effects of the structural flexibilities on the reflecting, transmitting waves, and the structural responses to the incident waves are investigated. Present analytic solutions compare favorably well with experimental results.
Real Time Fault Site Isolation of Front-End Defects in ULSI-ESRAM Utilizing In-Line Passive Voltage Contrast Inspection (2002)

Abstract Electrical failures due to front-end defectivity may be detected in-line using large area PVC inspection. Application of this method to a self-aligned contact module of a memory chip is presented. Most of the defectivity affecting this module is non-visual. The PVC inspection results allow representative defects to be cross-sectioned and fully characterized soon after they are created. This approach to FA offers much faster results and much larger sampling of the defectivity affecting each lot than end of line FA. Current experiments to debug the principal defect types are described.