gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Barrier Layer Deposited on Flexible Polymers Substrate by Facing Target Sputtering System (2012)

A multilayer structure consisting of an indium tin oxide conducting layer, and a multi component barrier film (SiO2 and ITO) on polyethylenenapthalate is proposed as a transparent flexible substrate for flat panel displays and photovoltaic. The ITO and barrier films were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering and a facing target sputtering (FTS) system, respectively. To improve the multilayer film properties, a 30, 50, 80 nm-thick barrier layer was sputtered by FTS method prior to the ITO film sputtering process. The ITO films on the barrier film showed good properties due to the decreased lattice mismatch between the ITO and barrier film.
A Study of Mass Drivers in the Brake System (2014)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;It is obvious at this point even to the most casual observer of the automotive industry that efforts to reduce mass throughout the vehicle are at a fervor. The industry is facing its most significant increase in fuel economy standards in its history, and light-weighting the vehicle is a major enabler. Despite the performance and quality of the brake system being intensely related to its mass, it too has not been spared scrutiny. However, like many modern automotive subsystems, it is very complex and mass reduction opportunities that do not sacrifice performance or quality are not always obvious. There are some interesting and sometimes even profound relationships between mass and other vehicle attributes built into brake system design, and making these more visible can enable a better balancing of brake system with the rest of the vehicle design objectives. Examples include - what is the cost, in terms of brake system mass, of added engine power? Of tire and wheel size? What is the mass cost of brake pad volume and service life? Can the mass compounding between the vehicle and brake system put forth in earlier works be confirmed with a detailed model? To explore these, and other questions, an integrated brake system performance and mass prediction model was constructed. This model (with mass prediction based on benchmarking and regression) was used to explore, in a general sense, some of the interesting mass versus performance relationships in the vehicle, as well as show through system-level optimization how mass can be saved while retaining performance and quality.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Viscosities of the Methane-Propane System (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTViscosities of the Methane-Propane SystemLeo B. Bicher Jr. and Donald L. KatzCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1943, 35, 7, 754–761Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50403a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50403a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Encapsulation of shear thickening fluid as an easy-to-apply impact-resistant material (2017)

In this investigation, a hard-to-handle shear thickening fluid (STF) is successfully encapsulated for easy handling and re-processing.
Acoustic Neuromas: Results of Current Surgical Management (1998)

To the Editor: Gormley et al. (2) presented data from George Washington University and the University of Pittsburgh regarding results after acoustic neuroma resection. The study is well written and thoughtfully analyzed. We were unclear regarding how the phrase "microsurgery by an experienced team of surgeons is preferred over radiosurgery," was reached. This statement appeared in the conclusion section of the abstract, despite that the authors did not perform any comparison between their resection results and those of radiosurgery. we imagine that this conclusion came from their review of the available literature rather than from a direct comparison, such as that performed previously at the University of Pittsburgh(3). Since that outcomes study(3) was published, two additional patients who underwent" "gross total resection" have experienced tumor recurrence, and both have required subsequent radiosurgery. The authors state that 178 of 179 patients underwent total tumor resection and that none experienced recurrence of their tumors, as revealed by imaging studies. Was this determined only by the immediate postoperative imaging studies? The authors state that their median "clinical follow-up" was 65 months. They provide no information regarding long-term imaging follow-up. It is clear, especially in an era of hearing preservation, that when tumor is left along cranial nerves, the risk of recurrence is higher. The authors conclude that "by avoiding long-term radiographic follow-up,... microsurgery may ultimately prove to be the most cost-effective treatment." This statement is also curious because no cost-effectiveness data were provided. We hope that the authors will provide long-term imaging studies of patients who have undergone acoustic neuroma resection. First, there is virtually no published long-term imaging data on recurrence rates after acoustic tumor resection; "gross total resection" does not necessarily mean that all neoplastic cells are removed. It would be in the best interest of the patient that periodic imaging studies be performed (perhaps every 2-3 yr) to detect any early recurrence. In 1992, the National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference concluded that microsurgery should be a standard of therapy. Much has happened during publication of the longer term results after radiosurgery (1). What do the authors think patients will do in 2002? Douglas Kondziolka L. Dade Lunsford Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
High-Throughput Analysis of Clinical Flow Cytometry Data by Automated Gating (2019)

Advancements in flow cytometers with capability to measure 15 or more parameters have enabled us to characterize cell populations at unprecedented levels of detail. Beyond discovery research, there is now a growing demand to dive deeper into evaluating the immune response in clinical trials for immune modulating compounds. However, for high-volume, complex flow cytometry data generated in clinical trials, conventional manual gating remains the standard of practice. Traditional manual gating is resource intense and becomes a bottleneck and an impractical method to complete high volumes of flow cytometry data analysis. Current efforts to automate "manual gating" have shown that computational algorithms can facilitate the analysis of daunting multi-parameter data; however, a greater degree of precision in comparison with traditional manual gating is needed for wide-scale adoption of automated gating methods. In an effort to more closely follow the manual gating process, our automated gating pipeline was created to include negative controls (Fluorescence Minus One [FMO]) to enhance the reliability of gate placement. We demonstrate that use of an automated pipeline, heavily relying on FMO controls for population discrimination, can analyze multi-parameter, large-scale clinical datasets with comparable precision and accuracy to traditional manual gating.
Crystal data for p-bromochlorobenzene and p-dichlorobenzene/p-bromochlorobenzene mixed crystals at 293 K (1985)

The powder data for p -bromochlorobenzene(pBCB) and p -dichlorobenzene/ p -bromochlorobenzene mixed crystals [pDCB] x [pBCB] 1 − x at 293 K are reported; their thermal stability at 293 K is given. Vertical diffractomer, graphite monochromator, Cu K α, λ = 1.5405 Å. They are all isomorphous, monoclinic, P 2 1 / a with Z = 2. a = 15.134(4), b = 5.843(2), c = 4.073(1) Å, β = 112.53(1)°, V = 332.7 Å 3 , D x = 1.911 Mg m −3 for pBCB. a = 14.890(5), b = 5.848(5), c = 4.046(2) Å, β = 112.53(2)°, V = 325.4 Å 3 , D x = 1.636 Mg m −3 for [pDCB] 0.70 [pBCB] 0.30 . a = 15.004(6), b = 5.840(3), c = 4.059(2) Å, β = 112.48(2)°, V = 328.6 Å 3 , D x = 1.755 Mg m −3 for [pDCB] 0.40 [pBCB] 0.60 . a = 15.101(4), b = 5.844(2), c = 4.066(2) Å, β = 112.51(2)°, V = 331.5 Å 3 , D x = 1.873 Mg m −3 for [pDCB] 0. 10 [pBCB] 0.90 . The JCPDS Nos. are: 36-1995 for pBCB; 36-1994 for [pDCB] 0.70 [PBCB] 0.30 ; 36-1993 for [pDCB] 0.40 [pBCB] 0.60 ; 36-1992 for [pDCB] 0.10 [pBCB] 0.90 . Data for [pDCB] 0.90 [pBCB] 0.10 , [pDCB] 0.80 [pBCB] 0.20 , [pDCB] 0.60 [pBCB] 0.40 , [pDCB] 0.50 [pBCB] 0.50 , [pDCB] 0.30 [pBCB] 0.70 and [pDCB] 0.20 [pBCB] 0.80 have also been measured and are available from the authors or as part of the Supplementary Publication.
An all-phoneme ergodic HMM for unsupervised speaker adaptation (1993)

The author proposes an all-phoneme ergodic HMM (hidden Markov model) that incorporates stochastic language constraints in unsupervised speaker adaptation. The proposed model consists of all-phoneme HMMs and interphoneme probabilities. It can be regarded as a rather large single ergodic HMM containing hidden states of all phonemes as well as intraphoneme and interphoneme transition probabilities. Since this model is a model of arbitrarily spoken words, the standard Baum-Welch reestimation algorithm can be used to train the whole ergodic model. In the experiments, only mean vectors of the state output probability densities are reestimated, and a vector field smoothing algorithm is used to enhance the statistical reliability. The proposed method was tested on phoneme and phrase recognition experiments with male reference and input speakers. A better performance than with the speaker-independent case was attained by using adaptation data shorter than three minutes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
[Research on Reconstruction of Ultrasound Diffraction Tomography Based on Compressed Sensing]. (2015)

Ultrasound diffraction tomography (UDT) possesses the characteristics of high resolution, sensitive to dense tissue, and has high application value in clinics. To suppress the artifact and improve the quality of reconstructed image, classical interpolation method needs to be improved by increasing the number of projections and channels, which will increase the scanning time and the complexity of the imaging system. In this study, we tried to accurately reconstruct the object from limited projection based on compressed sensing. Firstly, we illuminated the object from random angles with limited number of projections. Then we obtained spatial frequency samples through Fourier diffraction theory. Secondly, we formulated the inverse problem of UDT by exploring the sparsity of the object. Thirdly, we solved the inverse problem by conjugate gradient method to reconstruct the object. We accurately reconstructed the object using the proposed method. Not only can the proposed method save scanning time to reduce the distortion by respiratory movement, but also can reduce cost and complexity of the system. Compared to the interpolation method, our method can reduce the reconstruction error and improve the structural similarity.
The Amino Acid Sequence of Quail Lysozyme (1969)

Journal Article The Amino Acid Sequence of Quail Lysozyme Get access MAKOTO KANEDA, MAKOTO KANEDA From the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kagoshima UniversityKagoshima Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar IKUNOSHIN KATO, IKUNOSHIN KATO From the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kagoshima UniversityKagoshima Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar NAOTOMO TOMINAGA, NAOTOMO TOMINAGA From the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kagoshima UniversityKagoshima Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KOITI TITANI, KOITI TITANI *the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka UniversityKita-ku, Osaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KOZO NARITA KOZO NARITA *the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka UniversityKita-ku, Osaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 66, Issue 5, November 1969, Pages 747–749, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a129203 Published: 01 November 1969 Article history Received: 08 September 1969 Published: 01 November 1969
Plasma etching: Yesterday, today, and tomorrow (2013)

The field of plasma etching is reviewed. Plasma etching, a revolutionary extension of the technique of physical sputtering, was introduced to integrated circuit manufacturing as early as the mid 1960s and more widely in the early 1970s, in an effort to reduce liquid waste disposal in manufacturing and achieve selectivities that were difficult to obtain with wet chemistry. Quickly,the ability to anisotropically etch silicon, aluminum, and silicon dioxide in plasmas became the breakthrough that allowed the features in integrated circuits to continue to shrink over the next 40 years. Some of this early history is reviewed, and a discussion of the evolution in plasma reactor design is included. Some basic principles related to plasma etching such as evaporation rates and Langmuir–Hinshelwood adsorption are introduced. Etching mechanisms of selected materials, silicon,silicon dioxide, and low dielectric-constant materials are discussed in detail. A detailed treatment is presented of applications in current silicon integrated circuit fabrication. Finally, some predictions are offered for future needs and advances in plasma etching for silicon and nonsilicon-based devices.
A new algorithm for scalar register promotion based on SSA form (1998)

We present a new register promotion algorithm based on Static Single Assignment (SSA) form. Register promotion is aimed at promoting program names from memory locations to registers. Our algorithm is profile-driven and is based on the scope of intervals. In cases where a complete promotion is not possible because of the presence of function calls or pointer references, the proposed algorithm is capable of eliminating loads and stores on frequently executed paths by placing loads and stores on less frequently executed paths. We also describe an efficient method to incrementally update SSA form when new definitions are cloned from an existing name during register promotion. On SPECInt95 benchmarks, our algorithm removes about ~12% of memory operations which access scalar variables.
Photostability assessment of sunscreens. Benzylidene camphor and dibenzoylmethane derivatives (1988)

Synopsis A rapid method has been developed in order to compare the photostability of several sunscreen agents incorporated in the same type of emulsion. Thin films of the different preparations were spread on quartz plates and irradiated with a solar simulator. Differences in energy distribution according to wavelengths observed with solar simulator and sun radiation were taken into account. A kinetic study of absorption properties was carried out under solar simulator irradiation. A simple calculation gave the results which would be obtained under sunlight. This technique differentiated the reversible transformations of photoisomerizable compounds from an irreversible disappearance which resulted in a significant loss of protective power. Applied to benzylidene camphor derivatives, this technique showed the excellent photostability of these sunscreen agents.
Un/DoPack: Re-Clustering of Large System-on-Chip Designs with Interconnect Variation for Low-Cost FPGAs (2006)

.FPGA device area is dominated by interconnect, so low-cost FPGA architectures often have reduced interconnect capacity. This limited routing capacity creates a hard channel width constraint that can make it difficult for CAD tools to successfully map a circuit into these devices. Instead of migrating a design to a high-cost, resource-rich architecture that is easier to route, we present a cheaper alternative: a fully automated CAD flow (Un/DoPack) that finds local regions of high interconnect demand and reduces it by spreading out the logic in that region. This is done by introducing whitespace in the form of empty logic elements (LEs) within the configurable logic blocks (CLBs) of the congested region. After spreading, the congested region occupies more routing channels and so obtains access to greater aggregate interconnect capacity. Although this has the side effect of using more CLBs, it has the advantage of lowering peak interconnect demands and making a previously-unroutable circuit routable. We also design a new set of synthetic benchmark circuits that model interconnect variation within a large design. Using these benchmarks, we show that circuits with high interconnect variation require FPGA devices to have large channel widths. However, since congestion of such circuits is localized, Un/DoPack is very good at reducing the peak demands of circuits with high interconnect variation. Our results suggest that even for an average Rent exponent of 0.62 (a modest value), a large variation of this exponent within a design will also require FPGAs to have large channel widths. Thus, it is crucial to study interconnect variation of benchmark circuits when designing low-cost FPGAs. Previous research studying interconnect properties focuses on average Rent exponent values of each design, but we believe new work should study variation as well. For circuits with high interconnect variation, we demonstrate that channel widths can be reduced by up to ~40% with only ~10% increase in area
Resource Leasing and the Art of Suspending Virtual Machines (2009)

Using virtual machines as a resource provisioning mechanism offers multiple benefits, most recently exploited by "infrastructure-as-a-service" clouds, but also poses several scheduling challenges. More specifically, although we can use the suspend/resume/migrate capability of virtual machines to support advance reservation of resources efficiently, by using suspension/resumption as a preemption mechanism, this requires adequately modeling the time and resources consumed by these operations to ensure that preemptions are completed before the start of a reservation. In this work we present a model for predicting various runtime overheads involved in using virtual machines, allowing us to efficiently support advance reservations. We extend our lease management software, Haizea, to use this new model in its scheduling decisions, and we use Haizea with the OpenNebula virtual infrastructure manager so the scheduling decisions will be enacted in a Xen cluster. We present both physical and simulated experimental results showing the degree of accuracy of our model and the long-term effects of variables in our model on several workloads.
Abstract 5: Multicenter Characterization Of Rescuer Fatigue During In-hospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (2008)

Background: The delivery of high quality chest compressions (CC) is a crucial component of resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Rescuer fatigue has been hypothesized to adversely affect CC quality. P...
Evaluation of feed grains with dried skim milk and added carbohydrate sources on weanling pig performance (1993)

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of 1) two grain mixtures and 2) various carbohydrate sources and levels fed to weanling pigs during the initial 2 wk postweaning. A total of 720 crossbred pigs were weaned at 23 +/- 2 d of age at an average BW of 5.8 kg. In Exp. 1, a 2 x 3 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design was conducted in 12 replicates. Treatment diets formulated to 1.40% lysine were fed for a 14-d period. These diets contained dried skim milk (DSM) at a 45% level and an oat groat-soybean meal (OG-SBM-DSM) or a corn-soybean meal (C-SBM-DSM) mixture. In addition, the diets contained one of three carbohydrate sources (cornstarch, dextrose, lactose) at a 12% level. From 15 to 35 d postweaning, all groups were fed a 1.15% lysine corn-soybean meal (C-SBM) diet. The results demonstrated that during the period from 0 to 14 d weight gains were similar when either grain source was provided, but gain:feed ratio was superior and serum urea N was lower when the OG-SBM-DSM diet was fed. The addition of lactose or dextrose to either grain mixture resulted in greater weight gains (P <.05) than when cornstarch was the carbohydrate source. The second experiment was a randomized complete block design conducted in six replicates. The C-SBM-DSM diet of Exp. 1 served as the positive control diet. The other diets used corn gluten meal (CGM), SBM, and DSM with the three carbohydrate sources added at 22.5 or 35.5%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Lack of Association between Measles Virus Vaccine and Autism with Enteropathy: A Case-Control Study (2008)

This study provides strong evidence against association of autism with persistent MV RNA in the GI tract or MMR exposure. Autism with GI disturbances is associated with elevated rates of regression in language or other skills and may represent an endophenotype distinct from other ASD.
Region-specific expression in early chick and mouse embryos of Ghox-lab and Hox 1.6, vertebrate homeobox-containing genes related to Drosophila labial (1990)

We explore three possible pathways for the evolution of genomic imprinting. (1) Imprinting may be advantageous in itself when imprinted and unimprinted alleles of a locus confer different phenotypes. If a segment of DNA is imprinted in the gametes of one sex but not in those of the other, it might lead to effects correlated with sexual dimorphism. More fundamentally, in certain organisms, sex determination might have evolved because of imprinting. When imprinting leads to chromosome elimination or inactivation and occurs in some embryos but not in others, two classes of embryos, differing in the number of functional gene copies, would result. A model for sex determination based on inequality in the actual or effective copy-number of particular noncoding, regulatory sequences of DNA has been proposed (Chandra, Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82. 1165-1169 and 6947-6949, 1985). Maternal control of offspring sex is another possible consequence of imprinting; this would indicate a potential role for imprinting in sex ratio evolution. (2) Genes responsible for imprinting may have pleiotropic effects and they may have been selected for reasons other than their imprinting ability. Lack of evidence precludes further consideration of this possibility. (3) Imprinting could have co-evolved with other traits. For instance, gamete-specific imprinting could lead to a lowered fitness of androgenetic or gynogenetic diploids relative to the fitness of 'normal' diploids. This in turn would reinforce the evolution of anisogamy. The reversibility of imprinting raises the possibility of occasional incomplete or improper erasure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)