gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Polyphenol 3, 4, 5 - Tri-hydroxy Benzoic Acid Inhibits Indian Daboia russelli Venom and Its Hemorrhagic Complex Induced Local Toxicity (2011)

Despite a long history on treatment and management of snakebite, as of now, no satisfactory cure exists to treat local toxicity, including anti-venom therapy. Several natural compounds from plants and their synthetic analogs have shown to be protective. In this study 3, 4, 5-tri-hydroxy benzoic acid, the gallic acid (GA) was tested against the local toxicity of Daboia russelli (DR) venom and its purified hemorrhagic complex (HC). GA inhibited in vitro proteolytic activity of both DR venom and HC but, it did not inhibit phospholipase activity of DR venom. GA inhibited hemorrhage, edema forming, dermo- and myonecrotic activities of both HC and DR venom in in vivo experiments. GA was particularly effective against hemorrhagic activity but, GA inhibition had a greater effect on HC when compared to DR venom. The inhibition was likely due to GA induced structural changes in HC as revealed by alterations in fluorescence emission and CD spectral properties. However, the inhibition was not due to chelating property of GA as suggested by UV-visible spectral studies. Inhibition of collagen type IV, laminin and fibronectin degradation essentially provided the biochemical basis for GA which inhibited local effects of HC as well as DR venom. Thus, the study appears highly promising to explore GA and its generics against ruthless local effects and perhaps systemic hemorrhage of DR and other snake bites as well. Further, these agents will possibly find an immense value in the regulation of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in processes such as wound healing, inflammation and in the treatment of cancer.
Randomized, Controlled Trial to Evaluate Increased Intensity of Physiotherapy Treatment of Arm Function After Stroke (1999)

This increase in the amount of physiotherapy for arm impairment with a typical British approach given early after stroke did not significantly improve the recovery of arm function in the patients studied. A number of other studies of interventions aimed at rehabilitation of arm function have reported positive results. Such findings may have been due to the content of these interventions, to the greater intensity of the interventions, or to the selection of patients to whom the treatments were applied.
The Use of a Brief Measure to Assess Longitudinal Changes in Appearance Concerns for Youth Recovering From Burn Injuries (2018)

Burns are among the most common injuries to children, and, although survival rates have improved, many burn survivors are left with scars and/or other visible differences, which may be associated with anxiety, depression, and/or low self-esteem. A better understanding of the prevalence and persistence of these problems in child and adolescent burn survivors might lead to an expanded paradigm of care and possibly to better outcomes. The present study provides longitudinal prevalence data for the Appearance Concerns (AC) subscale of the parent-reported Burn Outcomes Questionnaire (BOQ) for 5- to 18-year-old children and identifies patient characteristics associated with higher risk for appearance concerns. Subjects were 799 pediatric burn survivors who were assessed prospectively using the parent-reported BOQ5-18, which was administered soon after their discharge from acute care and again every 3 to 6 months for up to 4 years. Approximately 20% of all youth were reported to have appearance concerns over the first 2 years, after which the rate declined gradually, falling to around 10% after 3 years. This study showed that such concerns were prevalent and persistent years after burn injuries and suggested that larger burns, facial burns, and country of origin outside of the United States were all associated with higher scores on the AC subscale. These findings highlight the importance of assessing appearance concerns in the long-term care of young burn survivors and suggest that the BOQ5-18 AC subscale could be used to identify individuals with heightened appearance concerns and to measure their response to interventions.
When Transportation Meets Communication: V2P over VANETs (2010)

Information interaction is a crucial part of modern transportation activities. In this paper, we propose the idea of Vehicle-to-Passenger communication (V2P), which allows direct, instant, and flexible communication between moving vehicles and roadside passengers. With pocket wireless devices, passengers can easily join VANETs as roadside nodes, and express their travel demands, e.g., taking a free ride or calling a taxi via radio queries over VANETs. Once a matched vehicle is found through the disseminated queries, the driver can decide whether to provide corresponding services, especially the carrying of passengers and goods. We investigate the main challenges in vehicle calling, establish a trip history model to predict vehicle movement, and develop typical query dissemination schemes to match the target vehicle in vehicular networks. With V2P over VANETs, vehicle transportation is capable of open and efficient P2P information interaction, and thus benefits from relevant efficiency improvement. Based on a realistic travel survey and simulation, we prove that vehicle calling is effective and efficient in casual carpooling and taxi calling.
Scalable failure recovery for high-performance data aggregation (2010)

Many high-performance tools, applications and infrastructures, such as Paradyn, STAT, TAU, Ganglia, SuperMon, Astrolabe, Borealis, and MRNet, use data aggregation to synthesize large data sets and reduce data volumes while retaining relevant information content. Hierarchical or tree-based overlay networks (TBONs) are often used to execute data aggregation operations in a scalable, piecewise fashion. In this paper, we present state compensation, a scalable failure recovery model for high-bandwidth, low-latency TBON computations. By leveraging inherently redundant state information found in many TBON computations, state compensation avoids explicit state replication (for example, process checkpoints and message logging) and incurs no overhead in the absence of failures. Further, when failures do occur, state compensation uses a weak data consistency model and localized protocols that allow processes to recover from failures independently and responsively. Based on a formal specification of our data aggregation model, we have validated state compensation and identified its assumptions and limitations: state compensation requires that data aggregation operations be associative, commutative and idempotent. In this paper, we describe the fundamental state compensation concepts and a prototype implementation integrated into the MRNet TBON infrastructure. Our experiments with this framework suggest that for TBONs supporting up to millions of application processes, state compensation can yield millisecond recovery latencies and inconsequential application perturbation.
Restoration Of Linear-Motion-Blurred Images Using A Joint Transform Processor (1990)

Although joint Fourier transform processor is effective for the application to correlation operation, it can also be used as a generalized coherent image processor. In this paper we shall show that blurred photographic images due to linear motion can be restored with a joint transform processor. The major advantage of using the joint transform processor (JTP) for the image deblurring must be the avoidance of spatial filter synthesis. In other words, the deconvolution function for the image deblurring can be directly implemented at the input plane of a JTP, and the difficulty caused by the singularities of an inverse filter can be avoided. To generate a bipolar deconvolution function, we have encoded two sets of &pi; phase shifted sinusoidal grating of the same spatial frequency. Computer simulation for restoration of linear-motion-blurred images are given to test the feasibility of the scheme.
Routing and Scheduling for Variable Bandwidth Advance Reservation in Elastic Applications (2009)

We introduce a heuristic for the routing and scheduling problem in variable bandwidth advance reservation. The proposed heuristic minimizes latency for each request and reduces request blocking significantly compared to traditional circuit switching approaches.
Contrast Agents and Cell Labeling Strategies for &lt;i&gt;in Vivo&lt;/i&gt; Imaging (2014)

Regenerative medicine has become a new therapeutic approach in which stem cells or genetically reprogrammed cells are delivered to diseased areas in the body with the intention that such multipotent cells will differentiate into healthy tissue and exchange damaged tissue. The success of such cell-based therapeutic approaches depends on precise dosing and delivery of the cells to the desired site in the human body. To determine the accuracy and efficacy of the therapy, tracking of the engrafted cells in an intact living organism is crucial. There is a great need for sensitive, noninvasive imaging methods, which would allow clinicians to monitor viability, migration dynamics, differentiation towards specific cell type, regeneration potential and integration of transplanted cells with host tissues for an optimal time period. Various in vivo tracking methods are currently used including: MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), PET (Positron Emission Tomography), SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography), optical imaging (OI), photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and ultrasound (US). In order to carry out the detection with each of the aforementioned techniques, the cells must be labeled either exogenously (ex vivo) or endogenously (in vivo). For tracking the administrated cells, scientists usually manipulate cells outside the living organism by incorporating imaging contrast agents (CAs) or reporter genes. Strategies for stem cell labeling using CAs will be reviewed in the light of various imaging techniques.
TERATOMA WITH MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION: DIVERSE MALIGNANT HISTOLOGIES ARISING IN MEN WITH GERM CELL TUMORS (1998)

A variety of nongerm cell histologies, including sarcoma, adenocarcinoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor and leukemia, may occur in association with germ cell tumor. Chromosomal abnormalities in these tumors include i (12p), reflecting germ cell tumor clonality, as well as chromosomal abnormalities associated with the transformed histology. These tumors do not respond like germ cell tumor to cisplatin-containing chemotherapy regimens. Treatment should be tailored according to that used in standard management of the transformed histology, and surgical resection is the mainstay of therapy.
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. Clinicopathologic analysis of 17 cases suggesting a malignant potential higher than currently recognized. (1997)

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma exhibits distinctive histologic features that permit its presumptive recognition, but a firm diagnosis requires confirmation with special studies. Because it has a significant recurrent and metastatic potential (the latter risk having been previously underestimated), it should be viewed as an intermediate grade malignancy. An intraabdominal location is associated with a particularly aggressive clinical course.
Selection of Highly SERS‐Active Nanostructures from a Size Gradient of Au Nanovoids on a Single Bipolar Electrode (2015)

Abstract As surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) crucially depends on the morphology of nanostructured metal surfaces, we developed a convenient approach to produce a size gradient of truncated spherical Au nanovoids on a single bipolar electrode. The continuous potential drop in solution implies a linearly changing interfacial potential difference at the wireless electrode, leading to a linearly changing rate of Au electrodeposition. Such a structural gradient enables fast and reproducible screening for those structures, evoking high SERS intensity in a particular experiment. The optimal Au deposition potential with respect to the highest SERS amplification was determined and applied for the fabrication of highly active SERS substrates.
Kernspintomogramm eines im CCT nur unzureichend dargestellten Germinoms (1983)

A germinoma is described which was confirmed histologically by a stereotactic biopsy, and which had not been adequately demonstrated by CT. By means of NMR the pathological changes were shown in their entire extent, corresponding with the complex clinical situation.
Current status of red blood cell manufacturing in 3D culture and bioreactors (2023)

Owing to donor-related issues, blood shortages and transfusion-related adverse reactions have become global issues of grave concern. <i>In vitro</i> manufactured red blood cells (RBCs) are promising substitutes for blood donation. In the United Kingdom, a clinical trial for allogeneic mini transfusion of cultured RBCs derived from primary hematopoietic stem cells has recently begun. However, current production quantities are limited and need improved before clinical use. New methods to enhance manufacturing efficiencies have been explored, including different cell sources, bioreactors, and 3-dimensional (3D) materials; however, further research is required. In this review, we discuss various cell sources for blood cell production, recent advances in bioreactor manufacturing processes, and the clinical applications of cultured blood.
Expression of C4.4A, a Structural uPAR Homolog, Reflects Squamous Epithelial Differentiation in the Adult Mouse and during Embryogenesis (2011)

The glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)–anchored C4.4A was originally identified as a metastasis-associated protein by differential screening of rat pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. C4.4A is accordingly expressed in various human carcinoma lesions. Although C4.4A is a structural homolog of the urokinase receptor (uPAR), which is implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis, no function has so far been assigned to C4.4A. To assist future studies on its function in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions, the present study provide a global survey on C4.4A expression in the normal mouse by a comprehensive immunohistochemical mapping. This task was accomplished by staining paraffin-embedded tissues with a specific rabbit polyclonal anti-C4.4A antibody. In the adult mouse, C4.4A was predominantly expressed in the suprabasal layers of the squamous epithelia of the oral cavity, esophagus, non-glandular portion of the rodent stomach, anus, vagina, cornea, and skin. This epithelial confinement was particularly evident from the abrupt termination of C4.4A expression at the squamo-columnar transition zones found at the ano-rectal and utero-vaginal junctions, for example. During mouse embryogenesis, C4.4A expression first appears in the developing squamous epithelium at embryonic day 13.5. This anatomical location of C4.4A is thus concordant with a possible functional role in early differentiation of stratified squamous epithelia.
Synthesis of silicophosphates containing SiO6-octahedra under ambient conditions – reactions of anhydrous H3PO4 with alkoxysilanes (2012)

Anhydrous H(3)PO(4) reacts in diethylether solution at room temperature with ethoxysilanes to form silicophosphates which contain SiO(6)-units. A single crystal X-ray structure provides evidence for silicophosphate structures comprised of alternating SiO(4)- and PO(4)-tetrahedra as well as SiO(6)-octahedra.
Enhancing earthquake detection from distributed acoustic sensing data by coherency measure and moving-rank-reduction filtering (2023)

ABSTRACT Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) enables the recording of earthquake signals at an unprecedented low cost with high durability using fiber optic cables. It is often compromised by relatively lower data quality in single-channel measurements compared with traditional seismic receivers but compensated by high-density recordings from hundreds of channels per earthquake event. The multichannel nature of DAS data sets facilitates the applications of well-developed coherency-based denoising methods arising from reflection seismology for detecting more earthquakes. We first introduce a coherency measure for detecting earthquake signals from DAS data sets. Then, we apply a moving-rank-reduction (MRR) filter to enhance the DAS data quality so as to improve the earthquake detectability. The MRR filter is tailored from a rank-reduction filter that is widely used in processing multichannel reflection seismic data. We find that a simple band-pass or median filter is incapable of revealing weak signals generated from small-magnitude or far-away earthquake events, whereas the MRR filter significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio that enables the detection of those weak signals. We apply the MRR method and the coherency measure on the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth DAS data sets for denoising and earthquake detection. As a result, our framework detects all 31 cataloged events, outperforming the previous detection of 25 events using the same data set.
An integrated Printed Circuit Board (PCB) microphone (2000)

An electret microphone has been implemented into a printed circuit board. Due to novel construction the printed circuit board serves as the microphone backplate. Furthermore, other features of printed circuit board manufacturing technology are applied to minimize the number of components of the microphone. This results in a microphone that can be manufactured with the assembly of other electronic components during the manufacturing process. As a result a complete manufacturing process has been developed. To analyze the manufacturing process and the acoustical performance of the so-called PCB-microphone, the acoustics have been modeled, and backplate surface roughness, air gap thickness, electret charge, and overall sensitivity have been measured from prototypes.
Cryomilling of Aluminum-based and Magnesium-based Metal Powders (2006)

Ball milling has been shown to produce nanostructures in metal powders through severe repetitive deformation. Ball milling at cryogenic temperatures (cryomilling) is more effective in this capacity due to the low temperature by slowing recovery and minimizing diffusion distances between different components. Nanostructured metals are of interest because of their unique physical and mechanical properties. The result of cryomilling is powder consisting of crystallites on the order of 30 – 50 nm. In order to characterize the properties of this material, it is often necessary to consolidate the powder, which is often difficult without causing significant grain growth. In this work, aluminum-rich and magnesium-rich alloys of varying composition are produced by cryomilling and characterized by x-ray diffraction. A novel consolidation process called high shear powder consolidation (HSPC) is used to densify as-received and as-milled powders with minimal growth. The construction of a cryomill, along with a modification for improving process yield, has provided a platform for the study of nanocrystalline metals. It has been shown that bulk nanocrystalline materials are attainable and that alloy
Home telecare for chronic disease management (2005)

We review the development of an Internet-enabled home clinical workstation for the management of chronic disease, and the implementation of a clinical trial to test the functionality, usability and effectiveness of the system in both a city and a remote country setting. The Home Telecare System integrates with established primary care services to provide a new paradigm of active disease management through the daily collection of clinical data and assessment of functional health status, and the provision of feedback for patient self-management and education. A novel Medications Management module is also implemented to permit on line variation of prescribed medications.
NK cells require IL-28R for optimal in vivo activity (2015)

Natural killer (NK) cells are naturally circulating innate lymphoid cells that protect against tumor initiation and metastasis and contribute to immunopathology during inflammation. The signals that prime NK cells are not completely understood, and, although the importance of IFN type I is well recognized, the role of type III IFN is comparatively very poorly studied. IL-28R-deficient mice were resistant to LPS and cecal ligation puncture-induced septic shock, and hallmark cytokines in these disease models were dysregulated in the absence of IL-28R. IL-28R-deficient mice were more sensitive to experimental tumor metastasis and carcinogen-induced tumor formation than WT mice, and additional blockade of interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 (IFNAR1), but not IFN-γ, further enhanced metastasis and tumor development. IL-28R-deficient mice were also more susceptible to growth of the NK cell-sensitive lymphoma, RMAs. Specific loss of IL-28R in NK cells transferred into lymphocyte-deficient mice resulted in reduced LPS-induced IFN-γ levels and enhanced tumor metastasis. Therefore, by using IL-28R-deficient mice, which are unable to signal type III IFN-λ, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, the ability of IFN-λ to directly regulate NK cell effector functions in vivo, alone and in the context of IFN-αβ.
RBP4-STRA6 Pathway Drives Cancer Stem Cell Maintenance and Mediates High-Fat Diet-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis (2017)

The transmembrane protein, STRA6, functions as a vitamin A transporter and a cytokine receptor when activated by vitamin A-bound serum retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4). STRA6 activation transduces a JAK2-STAT3 signaling cascade and promotes tumorigenesis in a xenograft mouse model of colon cancer. We show here that RBP4 and STRA6 expression is associated with poor oncologic prognosis. Downregulating STRA6 or RBP4 in colon cancer cells decreased the fraction of cancer stem cells and their sphere and tumor initiation frequency. Furthermore, we show that high-fat diet (HFD) increases LGR5 expression and promotes tumor growth in a xenograft model independent of obesity. HFD increased STRA6 levels, and downregulation of STRA6 delays and impairs tumor initiation, tumor growth, and expression of stemness markers. Together, these data demonstrate a key role of STRA6 and RBP4 in the maintenance of colon cancer self-renewal and that this pathway is an important link through which consumption of HFD contributes to colon carcinogenesis.
Direct analysis of lipids in mouse brain using electrospray droplet impact/SIMS (2010)

Electrospray droplet impact (EDI)/secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a new desorption/ionization technique for mass spectrometry in which highly charged water clusters produced from the atmospheric-pressure electrospray are accelerated in vacuum by 10 kV and impact the sample deposited on the metal substrate. EDI/SIMS was shown to enhance intact molecular ion formation dramatically compared to conventional SIMS. EDI/SIMS has been successfully applied to the analysis of mouse brain without any sample preparation. Five types of lipids, i.e. phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol (PI), galactocerebroside (GC) and sulfatide (ST), were readily detected from mouse brain section. In addition, by EDI/SIMS, six different regions of the mouse brain (cerebral cortex, corpus callosum, striatum, medulla oblongata, cerebellar cortex and cerebellar medulla) were examined. While GCs and STs were found to be rich in white matter, PIs were rich in gray matter.
Distributed Video Coding Based on Conditional Entropy Hash (2010)

Presently, distributed video coding (DVC) arouse high research interests due to the distinct contribution to the low-complexity encoding. In this paper, we propose a hash-based DVC, where the hash bits are compressed by a rate-adaptive low density parity coding accumulate (LDPCA) and sent to aid the decoder in motion estimation. The hash bit-rate is ideally near to its conditional entropy, so we name it conditional entropy hash (CEH). Experimental results demonstrate the CEH-based DVC achieves more improvement in PSNR than the non-conditional entropy hash (NCEH) DVC.