gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Examination of Shape Optimization for the Nonlinear Buckling Phenomenon of Suspension Parts (2011)

This paper presents a numerical solution to a non-parametric shape optimization problem for design of suspension arm in which strength of suspension arm is evaluated by reaction force to plastic buckling load due to compulsory displacement. To deal with buckling phenomena, the geometrical non-linearity and material non-linearity are considered. Hyper-elastic theory is applied to calculate the deformation of suspension arm, under assumption of monotonous loading. Mass and the reaction force integral to the buckling phenomena are chosen as an objective function and a constraint function, respectively. The shape derivatives of these functions are evaluated by the shape optimization theory. A numerical scheme based on a sequential quadratic approximation method is applied to reshape by using the shape gradients. In this scheme, the traction method is used to find the decent directions of the cost functions. The scheme is implemented by using a commercial shape optimization program. In this program, the shape gradients are calculated by a user sub-program which is developed by using the result of non-linear FEM analysis of a commercial solver. The numerical example for a suspension arm model shows 12% of mass reduction while keeping the reaction force integral constant.
Benchmark Calculation of d-Li Thick Target Neutron Yield by JENDL/DEU-2020 for IFMIF and Similar Facilities (2021)

An accelerator-based neutron source using d-Li reactions is one of the most promising neutron sources for fusion material irradiation facilities such as IFMIF, where 40 MeV deuterons bombard a liquid lithium target. The neutron yield estimation including angular neutron spectra is one of the most important issues in the design of such irradiation facilities. Recently, JAEA released deuteron nuclear data of JENDL/DEU-2020 in ACE format file for Monte Carlo codes such as MCNP, and in Frag-Data format for the PHITS code. We carry out the benchmark calculations of d-Li neutron yield by using PHITS with Frag-Data, MCNP with JENDL/DEU-2020, and MCNP/PHITS with built-in nuclear reaction models. Those calculation results are compared with experimental data. It is confirmed that PHITS with Frag Data and MCNP with JENDL/DEU-2020 reproduce well the experimental data. Those are useful for the neutron yield estimation and also the irradiation field characterization of IFMIF and similar facilities.
Development and Evaluation of a Prototype System for Collecting Sub-Hourly Ambient Aerosol for Chemical Analysis (2001)

Aerosol growth technology is used as a means of collecting ambient aerosol particles for subsequent chemical analyses. Condensational growth has previously been used in Condensation NucleusCounters and in ultra ne particle concentrators at ow rates up to 110 L min 1 .Here, air is sampled at a ow rate of 170 L min 1 and particles are grown by condensation of water vapor in a condenser maintained at 0.5 C after saturation by direct injection of steam.The resulting droplets are concentrated 13.6 fold using a twin-nozzle virtual impactor and collected in a liquid slurry with a real impactor in an all glass and plastic system.The prototype system's collection ef ciency was tested with 0.1 -3 m monodisperse uorescent polystyrene latex particles.Particles initially 0.5 m are collected with an overall ef ciency of 40%, which gradually increases to 68% for 3 m particles.The system delivers an aerosol slurry at a rate of 0.2 mL min 1 , i.e., suitable for analysis by multielement Graphite-Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, with system blanks adequate to permit quantitative analysis of Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Sb, Se, and Zn in ambient suburban aerosol.
Discovery and anti-cancer evaluation of two novel non-ATP-competitive FGFR1 inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer (2015)

These results indicate that Ad23 and Af23 are potential agents for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. This work also provides a structural lead for the design of new non-ATP-competitive FGFR1 inhibitors.
Semantic Network Array Processor as a massively parallel computing platform for high performance and large-scale natural language processing (1992)

This paper demonstrates the utility of the Semantic Network Array Processor (SNAP) as a massively parallel platform for high performance and large-scale natural language processing systems. SNAP is an experimental massively parallel machine which is dedicated to, but not limited to, the natural language processing using semantic networks. In designing the SNAP, we have investigated various natural language processing systems and theories to determine the scope of the hardware support and a set of micro-coded instructions to be provided. As a result, SNAP employs an extended marker-passing model and a dynamically modifiable network model. A set of primitive instructions is micro-coded to directly support a parallel marker-passing, bitoperations, numeric operations, network modifications, and other essential functions for natural language processing. This paper demonstrates the utility of SNAP for various paradigms of natural language processing. We have discovered that the SNAP provides milliseconds or microsectonds performance on several important applications such as the memory-based parsing and translation, classification-based parsing, and VLKB search. Also, we argue that there are numerous opportunities in the NLP community to take advantages of the computational power of the SNAP.
Kinetico–mechanistic studies of C–H bond activation on new Pd complexes containing N,N′-chelating ligands (2004)

The hybrid imine/amine palladium(II) coordination complexes [PdX2(kappa2-N(imino),N(amino))](X = Cl, AcO; kappa2-N(imino),N(amino)= 4ClC6H4CHNCH2(CH2)nN(CH3)2, n= 1, 2) have been prepared in different isomeric forms which include E/Z arrangement around the C[double bond]N bond of the hybrid ligand and {Pd(kappa(2)-N(imino),N(amino))} ring conformation. The crystal structures of four of them, E-1AcO, Z-1AcO, E-2AcO and E-2Cl, have been determined and the solution behaviour in acetic acid, the common cyclometallating solvent, for all these systems studied. The complexes in acetic acid solution are shown to maintain the structure determined by X-ray crystallography, as they do in deuterated chloroform. Nevertheless, a partial opening equilibrium of the {Pd(kappa2-N(imino),N(amino))} ring is observed by NMR experiments. When the complexes are held in solution for longer periods the corresponding cyclometallated derivatives, 1AcO-CM, 2AcO-CM, 1Cl-CM and 2Cl-CM, containing the {Pd(kappa2-C,N(imino))} palladacycle are obtained, as characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy. In these compounds the total opening of the N(amino) moiety of the ligand has occurred. The C-H bond activation process has been studied kinetico-mechanistically at different temperatures, pressures and acid concentrations; the results agree with the need of an opening of the chelate ring in [PdX2(kappa2-N(imino),N(amino))] prior to the proper cyclometallation reaction. The values of the enthalpies of activation are higher than those observed for known N-monodentated cyclometallating ligands, as should correspond to the contribution of a ligand dechelation pre-equilibrium. The entropies and volumes of activation are also indicative of this predissociation that include an important amount of contractive ordering. The presence of small amounts of triflic acid in the reaction medium accelerates the reaction to the value observed for N(imino)-monodentate systems, indicating that the full opening of the chelate ring has taken place. For the badly oriented isomeric forms of the ligand in the chelated complex (Z), the cyclometallation process is even more slow and corresponds directly to the reorganization of the ligand to its cyclopalladation-active (E) conformation.
Targeted metatranscriptomics of compost-derived consortia reveals a GH11 exerting an unusual exo-1,4-β-xylanase activity (2017)

This study demonstrated that composting microbiomes continue to be an excellent source of biotechnologically important enzymes by unveiling the diversity of enzymes involved in in situ lignocellulose degradation.
A Brief Review of the Electronics, Control System Architecture, and Human Interface for Commercial Lower Limb Medical Exoskeletons Stabilized by Aid of Crutches (2019)

Research in the field of the powered orthoses or exoskeletons has expanded tremendously over the past years. Lower limb exoskeletons are widely used in robotic rehabilitation and are showing benefits in the patients quality of life. Many engineering reviews have been published about these devices and addressed general aspects. To the best of our knowledge, no review has minutely discussed specifically the control of the most common used devices, particularly the algorithms used to define the function state of the exoskeleton, such as walking, sit-to-stand, etc. In this contribution, the control hardware and software, as well as the integrated sensors for the feedback are thoroughly analyzed. We will also discuss the importance of user-specific state definition and customized control architecture. Although there are many prototypes developed nowadays, we chose to target medical lower limb exoskeletons that uses crutches to keep balance, and that are minimally actuated. These are the most common system that are now being commercialized and used worldwide. Therefore, the outcome of such a review helps to have a practical insight in all of: the mechatronics design, system architecture, and control technology.
Physical Performance and Physical Fitness of a Select Group of Female Firefighter Applicants (1989)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical performance and physical fitness of a select group of 150 female firefighter applicants who scored higest on a five item simulated firefighting performance test (FPT) which was administered to 1,090 female applicants in the fall of 1985. The select group was tested on traditional physical perfomance tests (TPT), and the results of these tests were compared with their results on the FPT in order to: 1) determine how well a select group of female firefighter applicants performed on FPT and TPT compared to norms for females and males; 2) compare TPT and FPT; 3) develop a TPT battery which could be used in the future to select firefighter applicants. Factor analytic and regression statistics were used to study the underlying structure and redundancy of test items. The results of these analyses indicated that this select group of females was generally stronger and as powerful or more than what is considered to be average for females. TPT variables which best describe the physical performance of the females were estimated maximal aerobic power, bench press and peak anaerobic power. Standard scores from these three tests were combined and correlated with the final combined standard score from the FPT, and a low but significant relationship was found.
Iterative accelerated A* path planning (2010)

The paper provides a description of an iterative version of the Accelerated A* algorithm for path planning and its application in the air traffic domain for airplanes with defined motion dynamics operating in the Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system (GPS) on a spherical model of the Earth constrained by the landscape and special use airspaces (SUA). The motion dynamics of the airplanes is modeled using the Base of Aircraft Data (BADA) airplane performance models. The presented algorithm provides an extension of the A* algorithm that significantly reduces the search space and makes planning of the flight trajectories computationally tractable.
A Content Clipping System for Web Browsing Using Cellular Phones (2009)

While Bookmark and Screen-memo memorize Web pages for future re-visit, re-visiting Web pages by using Bookmark or Screen-memo still requires a large amount of operation for cellular-phone users since the screen sizes of cellular phones are generally much smaller than the sizes of Web pages. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of a content clipping system for Web browsing using cellular phones. This system presents multiple candidates for clipping a content, then, mobile users can easily specify the clipped target. Moreover, this system semi-automatically generates tags attached to the contents and automatically classifies the clipped contents. By using this system, users can easily specify contents of interest in Web pages and re-visit them with simple operations.
Project-specific Machine Translation (2011)

Abstract : This report details a project-specific method for translating a book-length text. The method used a human-in-the-loop strategy to iteratively and incrementally produce a progressively more accurate statistical machine translation system. The system generated rough-draft translations of chunks of text that were post-edited by an expert translator. The method was used to produce a high-quality translation of the Army Field Manual (FM) 7-8 Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad from English into the Afghan language Pashto. The results show that through a process of over-fitting, this method leads to systems that are optimized for aiding a single translator.
Tactile sensing for gecko-inspired adhesion (2015)

Adhesion quality sensing is critical to the performance of any robot that utilizes gecko-inspired dry adhesives for climbing, perching, or grasping. We present a 3-axis tactile sensor designed for this application that demonstrates performance on par with a large commercial load cell while being compact enough to integrate into a robot foot. The sensor can measure spatially distributed force loads and demonstrates high sensitivity in both shear and normal components. Results showcase the sensor's ability to detect a variety of unreliable contact and loading conditions before the onset of adhesion failure.
Abstract 5544: Newcastle Disease Virus in human derived tumors: Understanding immune recruitment and activation via virally delivered IL-12 (2020)

Abstract Oncolytic viruses (OV) are defined by their intrinsic or engineered tropism for tumor cells. Understanding the drivers of susceptibility to infection as well as the downstream intracellular signaling and immune activation profile is critical in identifying the patients that will respond to OV therapy. Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) is a negative stranded RNA avian paramyxovirus, here modified to encode human GM-CSF or IL-12. Patient derived xenografts (PDX) can more accurately reflect the genetic, epigenetic, and architectural heterogeneity of human tumors and were therefore selected to model the in vivo activity of NDV:GM-CSF. Eighty-nine independent models derived from patients with Bladder, Colorectal, Head and Neck, Kidney, Liver, Lung, Ovarian, Pancreatic, and Breast tumors were studied. Mice were dosed intravenously with NDV:GM-CSF, monitored for pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic changes 48 hours after the first dose, and followed for tumor growth inhibition. Objective response was observed in 68% of treated mice, with responses observed in all indications. Using total stranded RNAseq, we were able to assess changes in human tumor, murine immune infiltrate, and viral RNA. Results showed that NDV:GM-CSF treatment leads to increases in transcripts of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines such as RANTES and CXCL9, with induction directly correlated to level of viral replication. Additionally, we saw increases in NKp46 and IL-12R, markers of NK cells. To assess if IL-12 would augment immune activation, we treated surgically resected human tumors with NDV:IL-12. NDV:IL-12 was capable of infecting tumor cells, generating IL-12 protein, and driving a strong IFNγ response. Here we show that NDV can infect a wide variety of human tumors across multiple indications and drive a potent immune activation which can be modulated by transgenes. This data provides insight into what types of tumors could be treated with NDV:GM-CSF or NDV:IL-12. Citation Format: Nicholas M. Durham, Kelly McGlinchey, Shannon Burke, Todd Creasy, Nicola Rath, Noel Monks, Ravinder Tammali, Kevin Schifferli, Nick Holoweckyj, Susie Hayes, Emma Jones, Elizabeth J. Kelly, Danielle Carroll, James Harper, Katie Streicher. Newcastle Disease Virus in human derived tumors: Understanding immune recruitment and activation via virally delivered IL-12 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 5544.
Reviews on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology (2009)

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is one type of high temperature fuel cell that appears to be one of the most promising technology to provide the efficient and clean energy production for wide range of applications (from small units to large scale power plants). This paper reviews the current status and related researches on SOFC technologies. In details, the research trend for the development of SOFC components (i.e. anode, electrolyte, cathode, and interconnect) are presented. Later, the current important designs of SOFC (i.e. Seal-less Tubular Design, Segmented Cell in Series Design, Monolithic Design and Flat Plate Design) are exampled. In addition, the possible operations of SOFC (i.e. external reforming, indirect internal reforming, and direct internal reforming) are discussed. Lastly, the research studies on applications of SOFCs with co-generation (i.e. SOFC with Combined Heat and Power (SOFC-CHP), SOFC with Gas Turbine (SOFC-GT)) and SOFC with chemical production) are given.
Concept of a Force-Measuring Horseshoe (1993)

To further develop objective methods in the field of gait analysis a force-measuring horseshoe (FM shoe) has been developed. The ground reaction forces were determined by measuring the degree of displacement between the two solid parts of the shoe. This was done by three removable measuring units (MUs) that were equipped with strain gauges and placed in the toe and in each of the quarter parts. Before performing force recordings the sensors were calibrated with the actual MUs mounted on the shoe. This can be done in the field with a specially developed equipment. The shape of the signal generated by the MUs corresponds very well to signals generated by other instrumented shoes and force plate traces reported by other authors. In a comparative study between the FM shoe and a force plate a good resemblance between force traces from the two systems was seen. There is still some work to be done to refine the method of calibrating the FM shoe. However, the good linear relationship between forces applied and the sensor signals implies that the concept of the FM shoe will fulfill the requirements of measuring absolute forces.
Anin vitrorelease kinetic examination and comparative evaluation between submicron emulsion and polylactic acid nanocapsules of clofibride (1995)

Polylactic acid nanocapsules of clofibride containing soybean oil (SO) or medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) as the oil core were prepared. The in-vitro drug release kinetic profiles were determined and compared to those of a clofibride submicron emulsion using two different kinetic techniques: the bulk equilibrium reverse dialysis sac technique, and the centrifugal ultrafiltration technique. The former technique was shown to be inadequate for in-vitro kinetic comparison purposes as a result of drug diffusion limitations through the dialysis membrane. The latter technique yielded rapid in-vitro release profiles of clofibride from both emulsion and nanocapsule delivery systems under perfect sink conditions although a consistent lower maximum drug amount was released from the MCT nanocapsules as compared to the corresponding emulsion. This was attributed to the relatively higher aqueous solubility of MCT as compared to SO. This comparative study, carried out, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time, clearly showed that both colloidal carriers behave similarly with respect to drug release despite their different morphological characteristics. The kinetic results clearly exclude either the use of submicron emulsion or of nanocapsules as colloidal controlled release delivery systems for any administration route where perfect sink conditions should prevail.
Essential Ca 2+ -Binding Motif for Ca 2+ -Sensitive Inactivation of L-Type Ca 2+ Channels (1995)

Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) inhibits the opening of L-type (alpha 1C) Ca2+ channels, providing physiological control of Ca2+ entry into a wide variety of cells. A structural determinant of this Ca(2+)-sensitive inactivation was revealed by chimeric Ca2+ channels derived from parental alpha 1C and alpha 1E channels, the latter of which is a neuronal channel lacking Ca2+ inactivation. A consensus Ca(2+)-binding motif (an EF hand), located on the alpha 1C subunit, was required for Ca2+ inactivation. Donation of the alpha 1C EF-hand region to the alpha 1E channel conferred the Ca(2+)-inactivating phenotype. These results strongly suggest that Ca2+ binding to the alpha 1C subunit initiates Ca2+ inactivation.
Distinct Chromosomal Bias of Gene Expression Signatures in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2004)

To identify the chromosomal aberrations associated with the progression of liver cancer, we applied expression imbalance map analysis to gene expression data from 31 hepatocellular carcinomas and 19 noncancerous tissues. Expression imbalance map analysis, which detects mRNA expression imbalance correlated with chromosomal regions, showed that expression gains of 1q21-23 (74%), 8q13-21 (48%), 12q23-24 (41%), 17q12-21(48%), 17q25 (25%), and 20q11 (22%) and losses of 4q13 (48%), 8p12-21 (32%), 13q14 (32%), and 17p13 (29%) were significantly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Most regions with altered expression identified by expression imbalance map were also identified in previous reports using comparative genomic hybridization. We demonstrated chromosomal copy number gain in 1q21-23 and loss in 17p13 by genomic quantitative PCR, suggesting that gene expression profiles reflect chromosomal alterations. Furthermore, expression imbalance map analysis revealed that more poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma contain more chromosomal alterations, which are accumulated in a stepwise manner in the course of hepatocellular carcinoma progression: expression imbalance of 1q, 8p, 8q, and 17p occur as early events in hepatocarcinogenesis, and 12q, 17q25 and 20q occur as later events. In particular, expression gain of 17q12-21 and loss of 4q were seen to accumulate constantly through the dedifferentiation process. Our data suggest that gene expression profiles are subject to chromosomal bias and that expression imbalance map can correlate gene expression to gene loci with high resolution and sensitivity.
Induction of Immunological Tolerance as a Therapeutic Procedure (2017)

A major goal of immunosuppressive therapy in management of chronic inflammatory diseases and allogeneic transplants has been to harness long-term tolerance processes from short-term treatments. This should limit morbidity from long-term undermining of immune mechanisms, which is the hallmark of current immunosuppression.
A low-power capacitance measurement circuit with high resolution and high degree of linearity (2008)

This paper has presented a low-power capacitance read-out circuit which could be used for biomedical sensor applications. The differential structure of the system eliminates even order distortion. The entire system manifests two current sense amplifiers, two diode rectifiers and one instrumentation amplifier. The circuit has been realized using TSMC 0.35 mum bulk CMOS process. The circuit operates with a 3 V power supply and consumes 5.384 mW of power. Simulation results show that the circuit has a sensitivity of 1.32 mV for 1 fF capacitance change. Measurement results for different capacitance variations demonstrate a change of 10.8 mV for 8.8 fF variation.