gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Charge-Transfer Complexation on the Hydrolysis of Some Carboxylic Acid Derivatives1 (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Effect of Charge-Transfer Complexation on the Hydrolysis of Some Carboxylic Acid Derivatives1Fred M. Menger and Myron L. BenderCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 1, 131–137Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00953a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00953a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Space Power Grid — Evolutionary Approach to Space Solar Power (2006)

Different technological options are presented for an evolutionary architecture towards space-based solar power. The space power grid approach integrates the issues of global warming and energy demand with the technologies for space-based solar power. In the first stage, a constellation of satellites in low earth orbit will transact power exchanges between earth-based power plants. In a second stage, solar energy will be collected and directly converted in low earth orbit to microwave or laser beams. In the final stage, low-mass collectors will focus sunlight on the converters in low earth orbit, opening up large-scale power generation from space with an established ground infrastructure. The system has the potential to enhance the commercial viability of solar and wind-based power plants on earth, by opening markets around the world to smoothen fluctuations in supply and demand.
Episodic air pollution is associated with increased DNA fragmentation in human sperm without other changes in semen quality (2005)

Exposure to intermittent air pollution may result in sperm DNA damage and thereby increase the rates of male-mediated infertility, miscarriage, and other adverse reproductive outcomes.
Neurobiology and Therapeutic Potential of α5-GABA Type A Receptors (2019)

α5 subunit containing GABA type A receptors (GABA<sub>A</sub>Rs) have long been an enigmatic receptor subtype of interest due to their specific brain distribution, unusual surface localization and key role in synaptic plasticity, cognition and memory. These receptors are uniquely positioned to sculpt both the developing and mature hippocampal circuitry due to high overall expression and a distinct peak within the critical synapse formation period during the second postnatal week. Unlike the majority of other GABA<sub>A</sub>Rs, they exhibit both receptor clustering at extrasynaptic sites <i>via</i> interactions with the radixin scaffold as well as synaptic sites <i>via</i> gephyrin, thus contributing respectively to tonic currents and synaptic GABAergic neurotransmission. α5 GABA<sub>A</sub>R signaling can be altered in neurodevelopmental disorders including autism and mental retardation and by inflammation in CNS injury and disease. Due to the unique physiology and pharmacology of α5 GABA<sub>A</sub>Rs, drugs targeting these receptors are being developed and tested as treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders, depression, schizophrenia, and mild cognitive impairment. This review article focuses on advances in understanding how the α5 subunit contributes to GABA<sub>A</sub>R neurobiology. In particular, I discuss both recent insights and remaining knowledge gaps for the functional role of these receptors, pathologies associated with α5 GABA<sub>A</sub>R dysfunction, and the effects and potential therapeutic uses of α5 receptor subtype targeted drugs.
Exercise-Based Oncology Rehabilitation (2014)

In Brief PURPOSE: The value of exercise and rehabilitative interventions for cancer survivors is increasingly clear, and oncology rehabilitation programs could provide these important interventions. However, a pathway to create oncology rehabilitation has not been delineated. Community-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs staffed by health care professionals with experience in providing rehabilitation and secondary prevention services to individuals with coronary heart disease are widely available and provide a potential model and location for oncology rehabilitation programs. Our purpose was to outline the rehabilitative needs of cancer survivors and demonstrate how oncology rehabilitation can be created using a CR model. METHODS: We identify the impairments associated with cancer and its therapy that respond to rehabilitative interventions. Components of the CR model that would benefit cancer survivors are described. An example of an oncology rehabilitation program using a CR model is presented. RESULTS: Cancer survivors have impairments associated with cancer and its therapy that improve with rehabilitation. Our experience demonstrates that effective rehabilitation services can be provided utilizing an existing CR infrastructure. Few adjustments to current CR models would be needed to provide oncology rehabilitation. Preliminary evidence suggests that cancer survivors participating in an oncology rehabilitation program experience improvements in psychological and physiologic parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Utilizing the CR model of rehabilitative services and disease management provides a much needed mechanism to bring oncology rehabilitation to larger numbers of cancer survivors. Cancer treatment results in declines in physiologic and psychosocial parameters. Research identifies benefits for cancer survivors participating in exercise and rehabilitative interventions; however, a mechanism for providing rehabilitative services is needed. Cardiac rehabilitation provides an ideal model for developing and delivering oncology rehabilitation to cancer survivors.
Height loss in older women: Risk of hip fracture and mortality independent of vertebral fractures (2011)

We examined if height loss in older women predicts risk of hip fractures, other nonspine fractures, and mortality, and whether this risk is independent of both vertebral fractures (VFx) and bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Among 3124 women age 65 and older in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures, we assessed the association with measured height change between year 0 (1986-1988) and year 15 (2002-2004) and subsequent risk of radiologically confirmed hip fractures, other nonspine fractures, and mortality assessed via death certificates. Follow-up occurred every 4 months for fractures and vital status (>95% contacts complete). Cox proportional hazards models assessed risk of hip fracture, nonspine fracture, and mortality over a mean of 5 years after height change was assessed (ie, after final height measurement). After adjustment for VFx, BMD, and other potential covariates, height loss >5 cm was associated with a marked increased risk of hip fracture [hazard ratio (HR) 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06, 2.12], nonspine fracture (HR 1.48; 95% CI 1.20, 1.83), and mortality (1.45; 95% CI 1.21, 1.73). Although primary analyses were a subset of 3124 survivors healthy enough to return for a year 15 height measurement, a sensitivity analysis in the entire cohort (n = 9677) using initial height in earlier adulthood [self-reported height at age 25 (-40 years) to measured height age >65 years (Year 0)] demonstrated consistent results. Height loss >5 cm (2″) in older women was associated with a nearly 50% increased risk of hip fracture, nonspine fracture, and mortality-independent of incident VFx and BMD.
OBSERVATION OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION FROM a-Si : H PIN JUNCTIONS (1981)

We have observed, for the first time, acoustic signal originating from the nonradiative recombination of photocarriers generated by Ar+ ion laser in biased a-Si : H pin diodes. The photoacoustic signal increases with laser power as well as with forward bias. It is found that the ratio of the photoacoustic signal at a given forward bias to the signal at zero bias increases with a decrease of gap state density in the i layer of the diode and exhibits correlation with the n-factor.
White Light-Emitting Diode Lamps Using Oxynitride and Nitride Phosphor Materials (2005)

White-light emitting diode lamps for general illumination can be realized by a combination of a blue light-emitting diode semiconductor die and phosphors. Newly developed oxynitride and nitride phosphors are promising candidates for this application because they have suitable excitation and emission wavelengths and stable optical properties in a high temperature environment. High brightness warm-white LED lamps have been realized using a yellowish-orange α-SiAlON oxynitride phosphor. High color-rendering index white LED lamps have been also realized using three color oxynitride/nitride phosphors.
Application of Environmental Criteria and the Queensland Development Code to Proposed Development within Transport Noise Corridors (2011)

A transport system generates environmental emissions such as noise, vibrations, air emissions and particles and light, which can have adverse impact on the health, well-being and quality of life for the occupiers of development contiguous with transport noise corridors. The Department of Transport and M ain Roads (TM R) has developed a policy position statement which outlines TM R’s position in relation to the development of land that is impacted by environmental emissions from Transport Operations and Infrastructure (TOI) which includes busways, light rail, railways and State-controlled roads. Together with the application of the Queensland Development Code (QDC), M andatory Part 4.4, Buildings in a Transport Noise Corridor (QDC M P4.4), TM R’s aim is to ensure development proposals for new environmentally sensitive development within transport noise corridors are designed and constructed in a way to protect occupants from significantly adverse impacts resulting from environmental emissions generated by existing and future transport operations. One of the major sources of environmental emissions is transport noise. When designing a new noise sensitive land use, developers must ensure that the predicted impact of transport noise by future transport operations is attenuated. The transport noise criteria listed in TM R’s Policy Position Statement, Development on Land Affected by Environmental Emissions from Transport and Transport Infrastructure (PPS) is relevant to new noise sensitive land use proposed contiguous with a transport corridor.
Utilizing Organoid and Air-Liquid Interface Models as a Screening Method in the Development of New Host Defense Peptides (2020)

Host defense peptides (HDPs), also known as antimicrobial peptides, are naturally occurring polypeptides (~12-50 residues) composed of cationic and hydrophobic amino acids that adopt an amphipathic conformation upon folding usually after contact with membranes. HDPs have a variety of biological activities including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-biofilm functions. Although HDPs have the potential to address the global threat of antibiotic resistance and to treat immune and inflammatory disorders, they have yet to achieve this promise. Indeed, there are several challenges associated with bringing peptide-based drug candidates from the lab bench to clinical practice, including identifying appropriate indications, stability, toxicity, and cost. These challenges can be addressed in part by the development of innate defense regulator (IDR) peptides and peptidomimetics, which are synthetic derivatives of HDPs with similar or better efficacy, increased stability, and reduced toxicity and cost of the original HDP. However, one of the largest gaps between basic research and clinical application is the validity and translatability of conventional model systems, such as cell lines and animal models, for screening HDPs and their derivatives as potential drug therapies. Indeed, such translation has often relied on animal models, which have only limited validity. Here we discuss the recent development of human organoids for disease modeling and drug screening, assisted by the use of <i>omics</i> analyses. Organoids, developed from primary cells, cell lines, or human pluripotent stem cells, are three-dimensional, self-organizing structures that closely resemble their corresponding <i>in vivo</i> organs with regards to immune responses, tissue organization, and physiological properties; thus, organoids represent a reliable method for studying efficacy, formulation, toxicity and to some extent drug stability and pharmacodynamics. The use of patient-derived organoids enables the study of patient-specific efficacy, toxicogenomics and drug response predictions. We outline how organoids and <i>omics</i> data analysis can be leveraged to aid in the clinical translation of IDR peptides.
Carbon Black as a Support in Palladium Catalysts for Hydrogenation of Organic Compounds (2020)

The possibility of using carbon black (CB) as a support of palladium catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of organic compounds is considered. The advantages of Pd/CB catalysts are demonstrated by examples of liquid-phase hydrogenation of aromatic aldehydes and nitro compounds. The combination of high catalytic parameters (activity, selectivity, and stability) achieved by these catalysts in hydrogenation reactions indicates that they are promising for use on an industrial scale, in particular in the syntheses of fine chemicals.
Adaline and Recursive Least Square Error Based Techniques for Submodule Voltage Monitoring for the Cascaded High Frequency AC Link System (2017)

This paper presents two techniques to monitor the voltage of the submodules of the cascaded high-frequency AC link (CHFAL) system. The first proposed technique is using the adaptive linear neuron (ADALINE) algorithm, and the second proposed technique is using the recursive least square error (RLSE) technique. Both of the two submodule voltage monitoring techniques need only one voltage sensor per phase to measure the output phase voltage. The proposed techniques eliminate the need for submodule voltage monitoring sensors and the associated communication links with the central controller, which makes the proposed techniques appealing to CHFACL systems with large number of submodules. The results are validated through Matlab/Simulink simulation software.
Study of electron transport in a Hall effect thruster with 2D (r-theta) Particle-In-Cell simulations (2017)

International audience
Total synthesis of prostaglandin F2.alpha. by chirality transfer from D-glucose (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of prostaglandin F2.alpha. by chirality transfer from D-glucoseGilbert Stork, Takashi Takahashi, Isao Kawamoto, and Toshio SuzukiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 26, 8272–8273Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00494a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00494a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2310Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Angular measurement of the forward light scattering from quartz fibers with a barium titanate crystal (1992)

Forward light scattering is important but is difficult to measure because of the large unscattered background beam. Photorefraction in a barium titanate crystal is used in this experiment to separate the scattered beam from the unscattered background beam. As a result of beam fanning due to photorefraction in the crystal, greater than 99% extinction of the background beam is achieved. The time dependence, which is essential for taking advantage of this novelty filter, is introduced to the scattered beam by moving the fiber in and out of the laser beam in a time interval that is short compared to the response time of the crystal. Light scattered by the moving fiber then passes through the crystal undisturbed. The light scattering from fibers with radii from 15 μm to 33 μm have been measured in the angular range of 0° to 0.3°. The data is in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations.
An alternative approach to mapping pigments in paintings with hyperspectral reflectance image cubes using artificial intelligence (2020)

Abstract Spectral imaging modalities, including reflectance and X-ray fluorescence, play an important role in conservation science. In reflectance hyperspectral imaging, the data are classified into areas having similar spectra and turned into labeled pigment maps using spectral features and fusing with other information. Direct classification and labeling remain challenging because many paints are intimate pigment mixtures that require a non-linear unmixing model for a robust solution. Neural networks have been successful in modeling non-linear mixtures in remote sensing with large training datasets. For paintings, however, existing spectral databases are small and do not encompass the diversity encountered. Given that painting practices are relatively consistent within schools of artistic practices, we tested the suitability of using reflectance spectra from a subgroup of well-characterized paintings to build a large database to train a one-dimensional (spectral) convolutional neural network. The labeled pigment maps produced were found to be robust within similar styles of paintings.
Igor' Borisovich Teplov (Obituary) (1992)

Valerian Grigor'evich Shevchenko (Obituary) Yu V Galaktionov, Mikhail V Danilov, Vladimir S Imshennik et al. Anatoli Aleksandrovich Vlasov (obituary) I P Bazarov, N N Bogolyubov, Boris B Kadomtsev et al. Physics and astronomy at Moscow University (On theUniversity's 225th anniversary) B I Spasski, L V Levshin and V A Krasil'nikov Configurational splitting of the giant dipole resonance in atomic nuclei B S Ishkhanov, I M Kapitonov, Vladimir G Neudachin et al. German Stepanovich Zhdanov (Obituary) N B Brandt, B K Vanshten, A S Ilyushin et al. Yuri Mikhalovich Shirokov (Obituary) N N Bogolyubov, S N Vernov, Vasilii S Vladimirov et al. Dmitri Vladimirovich Skobel'tsyn (Obituary) A M Baldin, N G Basov, Vitalii L Ginzburg et al. Igor' Borisovich Teplov (Obituary)
Priming of Macrophages with Lipopolysaccharide Potentiates P2X7-mediated Cell Death via a Caspase-1-dependent Mechanism, Independently of Cytokine Production (2002)

ATP stimulation of cell surface P2X7 receptors results in cytolysis and cell death of macrophages. Activation of this receptor in bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages or monocytes also stimulates processing and release of the cytokine interleukin-1beta(IL-1beta) through activation of caspase-1. The cytokine interleukin 18 (IL-18) is also cleaved by caspase-1 and shares pro-inflammatory characteristics with IL-1beta. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that IL-1beta, IL-18, and/or caspase-1 activation contribute directly to macrophage cell death induced by LPS and ATP. Macrophages were cultured from normal mice or those in which genes for the P2X7 receptor, IL-1beta, IL-1alpha, IL-18, or caspase-1 had been deleted. Our data confirm the importance of the P2X7 receptor in ATP-stimulated cell death and IL-1beta release from LPS-primed macrophages. We demonstrate that prolonged stimulation with ATP leads to cell death, which is partly dependent on LPS priming and caspase-1, but independent of cytokine processing and release. We also provide evidence that LPS priming of macrophages makes them highly susceptible to the toxic effects of brief exposure to ATP, which leads to rapid cell death by a mechanism that is dependent on caspase-1 but, again, independent of cytokine processing and release.
Laser generated proton beam focusing and high temperature isochoric heating of solid matter (2007)

The results of laser-driven proton beam focusing and heating with a high energy (170J) short pulse are reported. Thin hemispherical aluminum shells are illuminated with the Gekko petawatt laser using 1μm light at intensities of ∼3×1018W∕cm2 and measured heating of thin Al slabs. The heating pattern is inferred by imaging visible and extreme-ultraviolet light Planckian emission from the rear surface. When Al slabs 100μm thick were placed at distances spanning the proton focus beam waist, the highest temperatures were produced at 0.94× the hemisphere radius beyond the equatorial plane. Isochoric heating temperatures reached 81eV in 15μm thick foils. The heating with a three-dimensional Monte Carlo model of proton transport with self-consistent heating and proton stopping in hot plasma was modeled.
Delay to Therapeutic Interventional Radiology Postinjury: Time Is of the Essence (2010)

In hemodynamically unstable trauma patients undergoing therapeutic catheter-based IR procedures, delay to IR was independently associated with more than a twofold higher risk of mortality. These results suggest that therapeutic IR procedures should be performed as expeditiously as possible and held to the same dogma as applied to definitive operative control of hemorrhage.