gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of uncoupling proteins-1, -2 and -3 mRNA is induced by an adenocarcinoma-derived lipid-mobilizing factor (2002)

The abnormalities of lipid metabolism observed in cancer cachexia may be induced by a lipid-mobilizing factor produced by adenocarcinomas. The specific molecules and metabolic pathways that mediate the actions of lipid-mobilizing factor are not known. The mitochondrial uncoupling proteins-1, -2 and -3 are suggested to play essential roles in energy dissipation and disposal of excess lipid. Here, we studied the effects of lipid-mobilizing factor on the expression of uncoupling proteins-1, -2 and -3 in normal mice. Lipid-mobilizing factor isolated from the urine of cancer patients was injected intravenously into mice over a 52-h period, while vehicle was similarly given to controls. Lipid-mobilizing factor caused significant reductions in body weight (-10%, P=0.03) and fat mass (-20%, P<0.01) accompanied by a marked decrease in plasma leptin (-59%, P<0.01) and heavy lipid deposition in the liver. In brown adipose tissue, uncoupling protein-1 mRNA levels were elevated in lipid-mobilizing factor-treated mice (+96%, P<0.01), as were uncoupling proteins-2 and -3 (+57% and +37%, both P<0.05). Lipid-mobilizing factor increased uncoupling protein-2 mRNA in both skeletal muscle (+146%, P<0.05) and liver (+142%, P=0.03). The protein levels of uncoupling protein-1 in brown adipose tissue and uncoupling protein-2 in liver were also increased with lipid-mobilizing factor administration (+49% and +67%, both P=0.02). Upregulation by lipid-mobilizing factor of uncoupling proteins-1, -2 and -3 in brown adipose tissue, and of uncoupling protein-2 in skeletal muscle and liver, suggests that these uncoupling proteins may serve to utilize excess lipid mobilized during fat catabolism in cancer cachexia.
The EPR identification of bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3-diphosphaallyl radical (1999)

The paramagnetic species detected by EPR spectroscopy upon electrochemical reduction of bis(2,4,7-tri-tert-butyl-phenyl)-1,3-diphosphaallene in THF solution has been unambiguously identified as the title radical, the identi-fication being supported by DFT calculations
Artificial Neural Network System for Prediction of Dimensional Properties of Cloth in Garment Manufacturing: Case Study on a T-Shirt (2017)

The purpose of the present study was to estimate dimensional measure properties of T-shirts made up of Single Jersey and interlock fabrics through Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). To that end, 72 different types of t-shirts were manufactured under 2 different fabric groups, each was consisting of 2 groups: one with elastane and the other without. Each of these groups were manufactured from six different materials in three different densities through two different knitting techniques of single jersey and interlock. For estimation of dimensional changes in these T-shirts, models including feed-forward, back-propagated, the momentum learning rule and sigmoid transfer function were utilized. As a result of the present study, the ANN system was found to be successful in estimation of pattern measures of garments. The prediction of dimensional properties produced by the neural network model proved to be highly reliable (R2&gt; 0.99).
Automotive model-driven development and the challenge of variability (2012)

Today, automotive model-driven development is done on the architectural level with AUTOSAR and on lower levels with tools like Matlab/Simulink. Due to strong customization demands, the development has to cope with variability, in general. The used tools provide if ever, just limited variability handling capabilities, especially for handling structural variability. As a result, functionality and variability handling mechanisms are often intermixed in the models. Thus, a clear separation does not exist and recognizing what belongs to one or the other is hard to determine. To overcome this situation, we propose a new concept for Simulink -- termed variable function modules -- that enables the separation of concerns by encapsulating functions and raises the awareness of variability. Furthermore, the concept integrates seamlessly into existing concepts to model variability based on conditional model elements. We show also how the concept can be brought in line with the intrinsic concepts of AUTOSAR.
A Survey on Circuit Modeling of Spin-Transfer-Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (2014)

Accurate modeling of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is critical for design of memories such as spin-transfer-torque magnetoresistive random access memory (STT-MRAM) and spin logic circuits such as spin flip flops. This paper reviews several static and dynamic models for the MTJ and compares them for their capabilities and limitations. Furthermore, a Verilog-A model is developed to predict dynamic characteristics of the MTJ. These models are used in simulating a prototype circuit to illustrate their strengths and weaknesses.
Genome-wide identification of alternate bearing-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) in olive (Olea europaeaL.) (2013)

A comprehensive study on olive miRNA related to alternate bearing was performed. Regulation of miRNA under different developmental phases and tissues indicated that control of nutrition and hormone, together with flowering processes had a noteworthy impact on the olive tree alternate bearing. Our results also provide significant data on the miRNA-fruit development interaction and advance perspectives in the miRNA profile of the olive tree.
Increased numbers of circulating polyfunctional Th17 memory cells in patients with seronegative spondylarthritides (2008)

These observations suggest a role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of certain human autoimmune disorders, in particular the seronegative spondylarthritides.
Ostrich eggshell as calcium source for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite partially substituted with zinc (2016)

Abstract In the present study, hydroxyapatite and Zn-substituted hydroxyapatite powders were synthesized using ostrich eggshell as a calcium source. The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy with field emission gun, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to identify the present phases, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for quantitative chemical analysis of the synthesized and heat treated powders. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique was used before and after heat treatments at 700, 900 and 1100 °C in order to identify the functional groups present, as an additional technique to the XRD analysis. The results presented in this study represent a promising method for synthesis of hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite partially substituted with zinc, since the results showed no undesirable phases or impurities in the produced powders. It was observed that Zn-substituted hydroxyapatite showed higher thermal stability, when compared to pure hydroxyapatite.
Methylation of Tcf712 promoter by high‐fat diet impairs β‐cell function in mouse pancreatic islets (2018)

An HFD was shown to induce aberrant methylation of the Tcf7l2 promoter in mouse islets, which resulted in diminished gene expression. This study provides an evidence of the association between nutrient consumption and gene expression.
Wavelet Analysis of Non-Intrusive Pressure Transducer Traces (2000)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Wavelets have been established as an essential tool for the analysis of non-stationary signals. This paper presents a novel approach to the analysis of non-intrusive pressure traces using wavelets. It starts with a background to wavelets, how they might be useful for the analysis of signals from internal combustion engines and some results obtained from the analysis of the non-intrusive in-cylinder pressure data.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The signals obtained from the non-intrusive in-cylinder pressure sensors contain random and statistical noise. They are also contaminated with reflections and resonances from the structures within the engine. Results presented at SAE99 [&lt;span class="xref"&gt;ref 1&lt;/span&gt;] show that the signals contain useful information for the determination of timing and pressures. The purpose of this paper is to present a novel approach to the processing and analysis of these signals.&lt;/div&gt;
MissForest—non-parametric missing value imputation for mixed-type data (2011)

stekhoven@stat.math.ethz.ch; buhlmann@stat.math.ethz.ch
Synthesis of a Proposed Antigenic Hexapeptide from Escherichia Coli K88 Protein Fimbriae. (1986)

The hexapeptide Boc-Asp-Asp-Tyr-Arg-Gln-Lys-OMe is assembled by stepwise synthesis in solution with an overall yield of 44%. N alpha-boc-amino acids, protected with benzyl or benzyloxycarbonyl groups in the side-chains, are coupled as active estes of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole in mixtures of dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide. N alpha-deprotection is accomplished with trifluoroacetic acid. Finally, hydrogenation with palladium on charcoal and ammonium formate produces the pure hexapeptide. A new one-pot synthesis of Boc-Arg(Z2) is described, and the use of this derivative in peptide coupling is studied. The synthetic peptide was coupled to BSA and used in direct immunication of rabbits.
Enhancement of band-limited speech signals (1983)

A Doctoral Thesis. Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy at Loughborough University.
Antiviral innate immunity is diminished in the upper respiratory tract of severe COVID-19 patients (2022)

Understanding early innate immune responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is crucial to developing targeted therapies to mitigate disease severity. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection elicits interferon expression leading to transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) to control viral replication and spread. SARS-CoV-2 infection also elicits NF-κB signaling which regulates inflammatory cytokine expression contributing to viral control and likely disease severity. Few studies have simultaneously characterized these two components of innate immunity to COVID-19. We designed a study to characterize the expression of interferon alpha-2 (<i>IFNA2</i>) and interferon beta-1 (<i>IFNB1</i>), both type-1 interferons (IFN-1), interferon-gamma (<i>IFNG</i>), a type-2 interferon (IFN-2), ISGs, and NF-κB response genes in the upper respiratory tract (URT) of patients with mild (outpatient) versus severe (hospitalized) COVID-19. Further, we characterized the weekly dynamics of these responses in the upper and lower respiratory tracts (LRTs) and blood of severe patients to evaluate for compartmental differences. We observed significantly increased ISG and NF-κB responses in the URT of mild compared with severe patients early during illness. This pattern was associated with increased <i>IFNA2</i> and <i>IFNG</i> expression in the URT of mild patients, a trend toward increased <i>IFNB1</i>-expression and significantly increased <i>STING/IRF3</i>/cGAS expression in the URT of severe patients. Our by-week across-compartment analysis in severe patients revealed significantly higher ISG responses in the blood compared with the URT and LRT of these patients during the first week of illness, despite significantly lower expression of <i>IFNA2</i>, <i>IFNB1</i>, and <i>IFNG</i> in blood. NF-κB responses, however, were significantly elevated in the LRT compared with the URT and blood of severe patients during peak illness (week 2). Our data support that severe COVID-19 is associated with impaired interferon signaling in the URT during early illness and robust pro-inflammatory responses in the LRT during peak illness.
The effect of turbulence on the stability of liquid jets and the resulting droplet size distributions. Fourth quarterly technical report, October 1, 1993--December 31, 1993 (1993)

In this progress report the authors report on progress in making experimental measurements to describe the rheological properties of non-Newtonian fluids. Non-Newtonian liquids exhibit a non linear relationship between the shear stress and the shear rate. A typical time-dependent rheological phenomenon is thixotropy. Thixotropic fluids show a limited decrease in the shear viscosity of the fluid with time under a suddenly applied constant stress. Thixotropic fluids also show a hysteresis loop and a decaying stress on the shear stress-shear rate plot. Here the authors are using a power law model to describe the behavior of such non-Newtonian liquids.
Using Machine Learning for Intent-based provisioning in High-Speed Science Networks (2020)

Smart and rapid provisioning of network resources that are easy to configure, monitor, and maintain is essential for high-speed network infrastructures. There is a need to allow users to interface directly with networks to easily navigate their use-cases, while not compromising network policies. This paper introduces EVIAN, a system designed to bridge the gap between user and network requirements. EVIAN is an intent rendering platform, that uses natural language processing to interact with users, gathers network requirements in an easy-to-talk English conversation, and translates these to network API calls.
Bioactive polymers grafted on silicone to prevent Staphylococcus aureus prosthesis adherence: in vitro and in vivo studies. (2012)

As joint prostheses become infected preventive strategies are needed. Silicone prostheses were coated with a COO - and SO3 - bearing bioactive copolymer, Q5, synthesized by radical polymerization and the adherence of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)to them was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Copolymer Q5 contains tris(trimethylsiloxy) methacryloxy propyl silane favoring the compatibility with the silicone matrix, cinnamoyl ethyl methacrylate allowing a network formation at the surface of the silicone prostheses, two ionic monomers: methacrylic acid and sodium styrene sulfonate. In vitro experiments were conducted on Q5-coated silicone lenses and on Q5-coated silicone prostheses. In both cases, materials were incubated with fi-bronectin (Fn) because of its important role in S. aureus adherence to implant surfaces. The percentage of adhesion inhibition was observed at approximately 40% for the coated materials compared to the untreated silicone. Rabbits underwent double-blind partial knee replacements with Q5-coated or control implants fitted into the intramedullary canal of the tibia, and 10 7 bacteria were injected into the knees. The number of bacteria adherent on the prostheses was determined 24 hr later. Signifi-cantly fewer bacteria adhered to Q5-coated than control prostheses (2.26 +/- 0.76 vs 3.86 +/- 0.54 log10 CFU/ml; p < 0.0035). Bioactive polymer coating could provide a new method of preventing joint-prosthesis infections. (Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Biomechanics 2003; 1: 178-85).
Effects of Foliar Fungicide and Insecticide Applications on Soybean in Ohio (2010)

Mid-season applications of Quadris with and without Warrior insecticide were evaluated in 2004 and 2005, and Headline, Folicur, Domark, or Headline plus Folicur were evaluated in 2006, 2007, and 2008 in 37 farm scale studies in Ohio. Producer cooperators selected fields, applied treatments at growth stage R3 and harvested fields. Each trial was rated at growth stage R5 or R6 for incidence and severity of brown spot and frogeye leaf spot. Aphids and foliar disease incidence was low in 2004. Soybean aphids were counted at stage R5 in 2005. Brown spot severity was reduced significantly by Headline in seven of the 13 locations. In the absence of soybean aphid, a single application of fungicide(s) increased yield significantly in only six of the 28 locations, of which only three had yield increases greater than 4.2 bu/acre. Populations of soybean aphids were high during 2005 at nine locations, and an insecticide application increased yield significantly at eight locations. These data indicated that foliar diseases and aphids contribute to yield loss in soybeans. However, more studies are required to determine action thresholds for brown spot and frogeye leaf spot. Accepted for publication 14 October 2010. Published 22 January 2010.
1090: Prospective Randomized Comparison of Laparoscopic (LRN) and Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy (HALRN) (2005)

experience with small exophytic tumors, the technique has potential application in larger, polar tumors: a Keith needle is placed with ultrasound verification and guides renal polar transection.
Genetic overlap between multiple sclerosis and several cardiovascular disease risk factors (2016)

Using conditional enrichment plots, we found 30-fold enrichment of MS SNPs for different levels of association with LDL and TG SNPs, with a corresponding reduction in conditional false discovery rate (FDR). We identified 133 pleiotropic loci outside the extended major histocompatibility complex with conditional FDR < 0.01, of which 65 are novel. These pleiotropic loci were located on 21 different chromosomes. Our findings point to overlapping pathobiology between clinically diagnosed MS and cardiovascular risk factors and identify novel common variants associated with increased MS risk.
Microfluidic isolation of platelet-covered circulating tumor cells (2017)

The interplay between platelets and tumor cells is known to play important roles in metastasis by enhancing tumor cell survival, tumor-vascular interactions, and escape from immune surveillance. However, platelet-covered circulating tumor cells (CTC) are extremely difficult to isolate due to masking or downregulation of surface epitopes. Here we describe a microfluidic platform that takes advantage of the satellite platelets on the surface of these "stealth" CTCs as a ubiquitous surface marker for isolation. Compared to conventional CTC enrichment techniques which rely on known surface markers expressed by tumor cells, platelet-targeted isolation is generally applicable to CTCs of both epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes. Our approach first depletes unbound, free platelets by means of hydrodynamic size-based sorting, followed by immunoaffinity-based capture of platelet-covered CTCs using a herringbone micromixing device. This method enabled the reliable isolation of CTCs from 66% of lung and 60% of breast cancer (both epithelial) patient samples, as well as in 83% of melanoma (mesenchymal) samples. Interestingly, we observed special populations of CTCs that were extensively covered by platelets, as well as CTC-leukocyte clusters. Because these cloaked CTCs often escape conventional positive and negative isolation mechanisms, further characterization of these cells may uncover important yet overlooked biological information in blood-borne metastasis and cancer immunology.
A Subspace Method for Fourier-Based Image Registration (2009)

Image registration is the process of estimating the misalignment between two images. Automatic image registration procedures are important in many remote-sensing applications. A popular approach for coarse registration is Fourier based. Fourier-based image registration is essentially a frequency estimation problem in the frequency domain of the image data. This letter studies the application of a subspace-based frequency estimation approach for the Fourier-based image registration problem. By employing the Multiple Signal Classifier algorithm, a more robust and accurate registration result is achieved at the expense of moderate computational complexity. In the examples considered, performance for registration of remote-sensing images using this method is comparable to a mutual information-based and a correlation-based registration algorithm but requires less computation.
Performance Monitoring of Residential Hot Water Distribution Systems (2014)

Current water distribution systems are designed such that users need to run the water for some time to achieve the desired temperature, wasting energy and water in the process. We developed a wireless sensor network for large-scale, long time-series monitoring of residential water end use. Our system consists of flow meters connected to wireless motes transmitting data to a central manager mote, which in turn posts data to our server via the internet. This project also demonstrates a reliable and flexible data collection system that could be configured for various other forms of end use metering in buildings. The purpose of this study was to determine water and energy use and waste in hot water distribution systems in California residences. We installed meters at every end use point and the water heater in 20 homes and collected 1s flow and temperature data over an 8 month period. For a typical shower and dishwasher events, approximately half the energy is wasted. This relatively low efficiency highlights the importance of further examining the energy and water waste in hot water distribution systems.
Scramble Suit: A Profile Differentiation Countermeasure to Prevent Template Attacks (2019)

Ensuring protection against side channel attacks (SCAs) is a crucial requirement in the design of modern secure embedded systems. Profiled SCAs, the class to which template attacks and machine learning attacks belong, derive a model of the side channel behavior of a device identical to the target one, and exploit the said model to extract the key from the target, under the hypothesis that the side channel behaviors of the two devices match. We propose an architectural countermeasure against cross-device profiled attacks which differentiates the side channel behavior of different instances of the same hardware design, preventing the reuse of a model derived on a device other than the target one. In particular, we describe an instance of our solution providing a protected hardware implementation of the advanced encryption standard (AES) block cipher and experimentally validate its resistance against both Bayesian templates and machine learning approaches based on support vector machines also considering different state-of-the-art feature reduction techniques to increase the effectiveness of the profiled attacks. Results show that our countermeasure foils the key retrieval attempts via profiled attacks ensuring a key derivation accuracy equivalent to a random guess.
Steroid Hormone Effects on Intercellular Communication between Term Pregnant Human Myometrial Cells before Labor1 (1996)

The appearance of gap junctions (GJs) between myometrial smooth muscle cells is one of the major events associated with the onset of labor. We have employed dye-coupling and electrical-current injection techniques to study the mechanisms by which steroid hormones regulate GJs in term pregnant myometrium of women before labor. Progesterone (P4) did not alter the input resistance (Ro) of the tissues when added to Tyrode's solution, which was used as control treatment. Octanol, the putative gap junctional uncoupling agent, increased the Ro of the cells compared to the control and P4-treated groups. The membrane potential (Em) did not differ between these groups. However, when P4 was applied after the tissue was perfused with estradiol (E2), the results changed dramatically: the Em hyperpolarized, and the Ro increased. Octanol increased the Ro in E2-treated tissues, but did not affect the Em. Consecutive application of E2, octanol, E2, and P4 resulted in rapid changes in the Ro of the cells. Dye-coupling was mostly detected between cells from controls and E2-treated tissues. These results indicate that P4 exerts its effects in the presence of E2 and that P4 has rapid effects on the intercellular communication between human myometrial cells.
Shockwave Lithotripsy Practice Pattern Variations Among and Between American and Canadian Urologists: In Support of Guidelines (2016)

This study highlights the absence of standardization of SWL. Significant regional differences exist in practice patterns and performance of SWL between Canadian and American urologists.