gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid crystallization of silicon films using electrical-current-induced joule heating (2001)

Melt-regrowth properties of 60-nm-thick silicon films were characterized in the case of electrical-current-induced joule heating. The electrical energy accumulated at a capacitance caused melting of the silicon films via joule heating with a maximum intensity at 1.5×106 W/cm2. The melt-regrowth duration increased from 6 to 75 μs as the capacitance increased to 0.05–1.5 μF. Crystalline properties of the silicon films were also investigated. 7 μm long crystalline grains with the (110) preferential crystalline orientation were observed using a transmission electron microscope. The tensile stress at 3.4×108 Pa remained in the films. The analysis of electrical conductivity resulted in a density of defect states of 3.5×1016 cm−3 in the films. The product of the generation efficiency, the carrier mobility and the average carrier lifetime was estimated to be ∼10−3 cm2/V.
On the electronic improvement of multi‐crystalline silicon via gettering and hydrogenation (2007)

Abstract The electronic properties of multi‐crystalline silicon must be improved during solar cell fabrication if highly efficient devices are to be made. This work shows how gettering and silicon nitride induced hydrogenation improve three properties: carrier lifetime, interstitial iron concentration, and trap density. Area averaged effective carrier lifetimes less than 10 µs were improved to greater than 60 µs. A tenfold reduction in trap densities was achieved. Photoluminescence images showing the influence processing techniques have on the electronic properties of the silicon are presented. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
LED driver for stroboscopic interferometry (2012)

Three different types of white light emitting diodes (LEDs) and three types of single color LEDs were tested as light sources for stroboscopic scanning white light interferometry (SSWLI) for dynamic (MEMS) characterization. Short, intense, light pulses and low duty cycle (&lt; 10%) are required to freeze the motion of an oscillating sample. A custom designed LED driver was built utilizing a Metal-Core Printed Circuit Board. At the core of the circuit is a CMOS high speed high current gate driver (IXDD415SI). The LED pulser is compact (50&times;110 mm<sup>2</sup>), has good thermal resistivity (0.45 &deg;C/W), wide bandwidth (~DC-10 MHz), and can drive single LEDs at 5A peak current (0.7% duty cycle at 1 MHz). The shortest measured electrical pulses were 6.2 &plusmn; 0.1 ns FDHM. The minimum measured Full Duration at Half Maximum (FDHM) of the optical pulse was 8.4 &plusmn; 0.1 ns using nonphosphor white LED and 32.1 &plusmn; 0.1 ns using white phosphor-converted LED (0.7 % duty cycle at 1 MHz in both cases). The minimum optical pulse FDHM for a single color blue/green LED was 6.4 &plusmn; 0.1 ns. The maximum intensity of these pulses was 630 &plusmn; 40 &#956;W and 540 &plusmn; 30 &#956;W, respectively. All types of white LEDs could be used for stroboscopic SWLI measurements at frequencies up to 2 MHz. For higher frequencies, non-phosphor white LEDs must be used together with a cyan LED to avoid ringing in the SWLI interferogram.
A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial of quetiapine augmentation of fluoxetine in major depressive disorder (2008)

The objective of this study was to investigate whether quetiapine, when compared with placebo, can speed the onset of action and improve the quality of response to fluoxetine treatment in patients suffering from major depressive disorder. A total of 114 patients with major depressive disorder were enrolled in an 8-week treatment study. Patients were initiated on a course of fluoxetine treatment and randomized to quetiapine or placebo. Quetiapine was flexibly dosed starting at 25 mg to a maximum of 100 mg daily. Mixed-effects regression showed that quetiapine plus fluoxetine did not achieve 50% reduction in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale score or improvement in Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Clinical Global Improvement (CGI)-Severity, and CGI-Improvement scores sooner than the fluoxetine plus placebo group; however both groups improved in all scores over time. Mixed-effects linear regression of insomnia scores showed that the quetiapine plus fluoxetine group improved significantly more rapidly compared with the fluoxetine plus placebo group. The study indicates that quetiapine plus fluoxetine did not achieve a reduction in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale score or improvement in Hamilton Anxiety Scale or CGI scores from baseline sooner than the fluoxetine plus placebo group. The combination of quetiapine and fluoxetine, however, improved sleep over fluoxetine alone over the first few weeks of treatment.
Study of RuO4 decomposition in dry and moist air (2007)

During a hypothetical severe nuclear accident on a pressurized water reactor (PWR), it is of primary importance to assess potential radionuclide release into the environment, and thus to better understand the volatile ruthenium tetroxide stability, in the containment building, due to its high radiotoxicity. The stability of RuO 4 (g) in dry and moist air, under conditions representative of a PWR containment building, is investigated. RuO 4 decomposition occurs in bulk gas phase, without any specific affinity with surfaces. The kinetic rate law of RuO 4 reduction is found to be dependent on the presence of steam. The humidity seems to play a catalytic role, as well as the presence of ruthenium dioxide deposits. The temperature is also a key parameter. In the presence of steam, the half-life times of RuO [4] are found to be respectively of 5 h and 9 h at 90 °C and 40 °C. A chemical reaction scheme consistent with the experimental observations is proposed.
Self-assembling multi-component nanofibres for strong bioinspired underwater adhesives (2014)

Many natural underwater adhesives harness hierarchically assembled amyloid nanostructures to achieve strong and robust interfacial adhesion under dynamic and turbulent environments. Despite recent advances, our understanding of the molecular design, self-assembly and structure–function relationships of these natural amyloid fibres remains limited. Thus, designing biomimetic amyloid-based adhesives remains challenging. Here, we report strong and multi-functional underwater adhesives obtained from fusing mussel foot proteins (Mfps) of Mytilus galloprovincialis with CsgA proteins, the major subunit of Escherichia coli amyloid curli fibres. These hybrid molecular materials hierarchically self-assemble into higher-order structures, in which, according to molecular dynamics simulations, disordered adhesive Mfp domains are exposed on the exterior of amyloid cores formed by CsgA. Our fibres have an underwater adhesion energy approaching 20.9 mJ m[superscript −2], which is 1.5 times greater than the maximum of bio-inspired and bio-derived protein-based underwater adhesives reported thus far. Moreover, they outperform Mfps or curli fibres taken on their own and exhibit better tolerance to auto-oxidation than Mfps at pH ≥ 7.0.
Evaluating MapReduce for Multi-core and Multiprocessor Systems (2007)

This paper evaluates the suitability of the MapReduce model for multi-core and multi-processor systems. MapReduce was created by Google for application development on data-centers with thousands of servers. It allows programmers to write functional-style code that is automatically parallelized and scheduled in a distributed system. We describe Phoenix, an implementation of MapReduce for shared-memory systems that includes a programming API and an efficient runtime system. The Phoenix runtime automatically manages thread creation, dynamic task scheduling, data partitioning, and fault tolerance across processor nodes. We study Phoenix with multi-core and symmetric multiprocessor systems and evaluate its performance potential and error recovery features. We also compare MapReduce code to code written in lower-level APIs such as P-threads. Overall, we establish that, given a careful implementation, MapReduce is a promising model for scalable performance on shared-memory systems with simple parallel code
Forward Osmosis Brine Drying (2015)

Bellevue, Washington
Speech coding at medium bit rates using analysis by synthesis techniques (1989)

A Doctoral Thesis. Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy at Loughborough University.
Cache Optimization Models and Algorithms (2020)

Caching refers to the act of replicating information a a faster (or closer) medium with the purpose of improving performance. This deceptively simple idea has given rise to some of the hardest optimization problems in the fields of computer systems, networking, and the Internet, many of which remain unsolved several years after their conception. While a wealth of research contributions exists from the topics of memory systems, data centers, Internet traffic, CDNs, and recently wireless networks, the literature is dispersed and overlapping at times. In this monograph, we take a unifying modeling view: by focusing on the fundamental underlying mathematical models, we re-organize the available material into a powerful framework for performing optimization of caching systems. This way, we aspire to present a solid background for the anticipated explosion in caching research, but also provide a didactic view into how engineers have managed to infuse mathematical models into the study of caching over the last 40 years.
A 45nm SOI-CMOS dual-PLL processor clock system for multi-protocol I/O (2010)

A dual-PLL system for 45 nm SOI-CMOS processors is designed to clock a multi-protocol wireline I/O for high-speed digital communications covering a frequency range from 1 GHz up to 11.1 GHz. The two PLLs, based on a ring and LC-tank VCO, achieve .99 ps and 0.55 ps rms jitter, respectively. Circuit and architectural techniques to minimize the impact of SOI floating-body effect on phase jitter are introduced.
MAR M 247 Derivations - CM 247 LC DS Alloy and CMSX Single Crystal Alloys: Properties & Performance (1984)

CM 247 LC is a chemistry modified superalloy derived in late 1978 from the MAR M 247 composition, specifically designed for directionally solidified (DS) blade and vane applications.The modified alloy demonstrates exceptional resistance to grain boundary cracking during DS casting, advanced complex cored, thin wall airfoils, combined with improved carbide microstructure, carbide stability and ductility relative to the parent, MAR M 247.Solution heat treatment studies undertaken on DS cast material show the capability of solution treating up to relatively high 1250°C (2282°F) conditions, thereby maximizing solutioning of the y' with attendant improvements in creep-strength.DS castability and mechanical property data (stress-rupture, tensile and fatigue) are presented.A series of complementary single crystal (SX) alloys, developed commencing in mid-1979 from the MAR M 247 composition, provide high creep strength, good SX castability, practical solution heat treatment ranges which assist in optimizing microstructure, high y' solvus temperatures and good alloy stability.These alloys individually designated CMSX-2, CMSX-3 and CMSX-4 are also designed to have excellent high temperature bare oxidation resistance and coating performance.Environmental and mechanical property studies (both static and cyclic) are reported.Initial turbine engine test data is reported, in relation to environmental response.
The mouse Nkx-1.2 homeobox gene: Alternative RNA splicing at canonical and noncanonical splice sites (2000)

A mouse homeobox gene, Nkx-1.2, (previously termed Sax-1) that is closely related to the Drosophila NK-1/S59 gene was cloned, and genomic DNA and cDNA were sequenced. Nine Nkx-1.2 cDNA clones were found that correspond to three species of Nkx-1.2 mRNA that are formed by alternative splicing at conventional 5' donor and 3' acceptor splice sites; however, seven cDNA clones were found that correspond to three species of Nkx-1.2 mRNA from testes that have novel TG/AC 5' and 3' splice sites. The consensus splice sequences are: 5' donor, CC downward arrowTGGAAG; 3' acceptor, ACTTAC downward arrow. Predicted amino acid sequences suggest that some transcripts may be translated into proteins that lack part or all of the homeodomain. At least three bands of Nkx-1.2 mRNA were found in RNA from the testes. Nkx-1.2 mRNA was shown to be present in postmeiotic germ cells of the testis and in mature spermatozoa. Nkx-1.2 mRNA also was found in regions of the adult cerebral cortex, hippocampus, diencephalon, pons/medulla, and cerebellum. Nkx-1.2 mRNA was found in embryos in highest abundance in 10-day embryos; the mRNA levels decrease during further development. Nkx-1.2 mRNA also was found in discrete zones of the embryonic mesencephalon and myelencephalon.
ThioMabs: improving safety abd retaining efficacy of antibody drug conjugates (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

918 

Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are a promising technology for specifically targeting cytotoxic agents to tumor cells. The current method for preparation of ADCs involves the usage of either lysine residues or cysteine residues involved in inter-chain disulfide bonds. Either method results in a heterogeneous population and inconsistent preparation, thereby posing a manufacturing challenge to produce ADCs for therapeutic utility. We have developed a novel robust biochemical assay (PHESELECTOR) to screen reactive thiols on antibody surface with an objective of utilizing these thiol groups for site-specific conjugation of cytotoxic drugs. We have screened and identified several potential ThioMab variants to conjugate cytotoxic drugs to either light or heavy chain (Fab or Fc region). These ThioMabs can then be derivatized through the reactive thiol group of engineered cysteine to obtain ADCs with defined number of drugs (~2 drugs/ab). A number of ThioMab-ADCs were produced and tested in both efficacy and toxicity models. The efficacy of the ThioMab-ADCs is equal if not superior to ADCs produced by the conventional method. Surprisingly, the safety of these conjugates is considerably better than that observed with the conventional ADCs. Therefore, ThioMab technology provides a unique advantage over conventional ADCs to overcome unresolved manufacturing challenges and offers a solution to potential ADC toxicity issues.
V. Aging and gastrointestinal smooth muscle: from signal transduction to contractile proteins (2003)

The object of this theme is to offer new perspectives on the effect of aging on signal-transduction pathways associated with agonist-induced contraction of smooth muscle cells from the colon. Smooth muscle cells from old rats (32 mo old) exhibit limited cell length distribution and diminished contractility. The observed reduced contractile response may be due to the effect of aging on signal-transduction pathways, especially an inhibition of the tyrosine kinase-Src kinase pathway, a reduced activation of the PKC pathway, and a reduced association of contractile proteins [heat shock protein 27 (HSP27)-tropomyosin, HSP27-actin, actin-myosin]. Levels of HSP27 phosphorylation are also reduced compared with adult rats.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermediates of the Reaction of Ketones with MnO2‐ Chlorotrimethylsilane. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Transient Relaxation of Plasmid DNA in Escherichia coli by Fluoroquinolones (1996)

Abstract We examined the influence of fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and sparfloxacin) on DNA supercoiling of plasmids in Escherichia coli cells by analysis with agarose gel electrophoresis in the presence of chloroquine. All the fluoroquinolones tested immediately induced DNA relaxation. The relaxed DNA was re-supercoiled, and the process was sensitive to chloramphenicol, suggesting that newly synthesized proteins participate in the reaction. The concentrations of fluoroquinolones required for DNA relaxation were much higher than those required for cell killing. The bactericidal effect of fluoroquinolones is apparently related to mechanisms other than DNA relaxation.
Removal of Phosphorus from Domestic Wastewater in Actual On-site Treatment Systems using Phosphorus Removal Pellets (2019)

浄化槽排水中のリン除去を目的として，最近開発された固形リン除去剤を用いて，戸建て住宅に設置された各種浄化槽排水におけるリン除去効果を実態調査した。単独処理浄化槽，従来型合併処理浄化槽，窒素除去型合併処理浄化槽においてミョウバンを主成分とする固形リン除去剤（400 g/week, 800 g/week）を曝気槽及び原水槽にそれぞれ投入したところ，浄化槽によりばらつきが見られたもののおおむね1週間後から放流水中の全リン（T－P）およびリン酸態リン（PO4－P）の低下がみられた。また，BOD，COD，全窒素（T－N）の除去等への悪影響はみられなかった。T－Pは浄化槽の状態により，SSが高濃度の時に高濃度となる傾向がみられた。浄化槽の運転状況が正常な時の固形リン除去剤投入時の放流水T－P濃度を投入無しの時のT－P濃度に対する比率で表すと，単独処理浄化槽，従来型合併処理浄化槽では曝気槽，原水槽に固形リン除去剤を投入した場合のいずれも，0.3～0.6となった。窒素除去型合併処理浄化槽では曝気槽投入時のリン除去率は低かったが，原水槽投入時には投入無し時に対するT－P濃度比率は0.6前後となった。
Novel Method for the Isolation of Proteins and Small Target Molecules from Biological and Aqueous Media by Salt-Assisted Phase Transformation of Their PEGylated Recognition Counterparts (2021)

An efficient and simple method for the application of PEGylated affinity ligands in precipitative isolation of protein target molecules (TMs) from a biological fluid such as blood serum or small target molecules from an aqueous medium is presented for the first time. This approach is based on the high binding specificity of PEGylated recognition molecules (PEG-RMs) to their TMs and the unique physicochemical properties of PEG that result in their salt-assisted phase transformation. Addition of PEG-RM to blood serum results in the formation of an RM-specific macromolecular complex (PEG-RM + TM → PEG-RM.TM) that undergoes facile salt-assisted phase transformation to a separable semisolid with ammonium sulfate. PEG-RM.TM is then dissociated into its components by pH reduction or an increase of ionic strength (PEG-RM.TM → PEG-RM + TM). PEG-RM is salted out to afford pure TM in solution. The same phenomenon is observed when RM or TM are small molecules. The general applicability of the method was validated by PEGylation of two proteins (protein A, sheep antihuman IgG) and a small molecule (salicylic acid) used as model RMs for the isolation of Igs, IgG, and serum albumin from blood serum. The isolated protein TMs were shown to be pure and aggregate-free by gel electrophoresis and dynamic light scattering (DLS). IgG isolated by this method was further characterized by peptide mass fingerprinting. PEGylated protein A was used to demonstrate the recyclability and scale-up potential of PEG-RM. IgG isolated by this method from blood serum of a hepatitis C-vaccinated individual was tested for its binding to sheep antihuman IgG by UV spectroscopy, and its bioactivity was ascertained by comparison of its enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) result to that of a blood sample from the same individual. Reciprocity of RM and TM was ascertained using PEGylated salicylic acid to obtain pure serum albumin, and PEGylated serum albumin was utilized for near-exclusive isolation of one drug from an aqueous equimolar mixture of three drugs (salicylic acid, 91%; capecitabine, 6%; and deferiprone, 3%). Advantages of this approach, including target specificity and general applicability and celerity, over other affinity methods for the isolation of proteins are discussed at a molecular level.
High-Frequency Properties of FeCoSiB Thin Films With Crossed Anisotropy (2004)

Investigations on amorphous FeCoSiB/SiO/sub 2//FeCoSiB thin-film samples with crossed anisotropies are presented in this paper. The samples consist of two magnetic layers, 40 nm thick each, where the second magnetic layer's uniaxial anisotropy is rotated by an angle of 90/spl deg/ with respect to the anisotropy of the first layer. The individual layers were separated by a 20 nm SiO/sub 2/ thin film. The angular dependent magnetic properties of the samples have been characterized by vibrating sample and inductive magnetometry. The high-frequency (HF) response was determined by HF-permeameter measurements and pulsed inductive microwave magnetometry (PIMM). Good HF-response independent of the magnetic field excitation angle is achieved. The results are compared to an 80 nm FeCoSiB reference film with uniaxial anisotropy. Our results provide new insights important for the design of HF magnetic devices.
Structural evolution of colloidal gels at intermediate volume fraction under start-up of shear flow (2013)

The microstructural evolution of the colloidal gel at intermediate volume fraction (15%) under start-up of shear flow has been studied by using the Brownian dynamics simulation method. The structural change was analyzed from three points of view, on cluster length scale, on local length scale and on anisotropy. Correlating the stress change which showed stress overshoot with the structural change on the cluster length scale, a mismatch between the initiation of the structural rupture and the stress maximum was observed. The mismatch was explained through the competition between the structural rupture and the stress bearing network structure. On the local length scale, topology change of the colloidal gel was investigated. As the rupture of the colloidal gel progressed, the multiply connected rigid chains with high bond number changed into singly connected soft chains with low bond number. During the structural evolution, the distinctive structural anisotropy was observed. Associating the structural anisotropy change with direction-dependent cluster behavior, the rupture mechanism of the colloidal gel could be suggested in the sequence of deformation, break up of the percolated network structure, rotation and break up of clusters, and the equilibrium of the three representative motions of small flocs (break up, rotation, and interlocking).
Chemical phase segregation during the crystallization of Ge-rich GeSbTe alloys (2019)

Crystallization of Ge-rich GST leads to phase separation, a characteristic which explains their superior properties for electronic memory devices
Selective Intermixing of InAs/InGaAs/InP Quantum Dot Structure With Large Energy Band Gap Tuning (2008)

Selective postgrowth band gap tuning of self-assembled InAs/InGaAs/InP quantum dot (QD) structures has been investigated. Very large band gap blueshift of over 158 meV of the InAs QD structure has been received through the intermixing by exposing the sample under argon plasma and followed by thermal annealing at 780 degC. Selective intermixing of the InAs QD structure has been studied by depositing a SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> mask layer on the sample for the intermixing. The largest selective band gap shift between the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> covered and uncovered regions of the sample reaches 77 meV. This intermixing selectivity decreases when the annealing temperature is increased. This reduction in the intermixing selectivity is attributed to the enhanced QDs intermixing of the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -masked samples because of the out diffusion of different elements from the InAs/InGaAs/InP QD structure into the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> cover layer. Three different energy band gap shifts of an InAs/InGaAs/InP QD structure across the wafer have been received by this postgrowth selective intermixing. The selective band gap tuning paves a way for monolithic integration of passive and active optoelectronic devices in QD systems.