gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Trade Structure and the Regional Economy (1968)

Completion of a trunk-line network of transportation will naturally bring changes in comparative locational advantages and have impacts on economic structure of regions. The present paper attempts to analize these effects quantitatively and to present some simulations.First, we, assuming the standpoint of national economy, built an econometric model for estimation of the trade co-efficients and tried to clarify the effects of the interregional trade structure. Then, we used the regional input-output tables to see its end-effects on various industrial sectors, because changes in final demand of the region and of the total economy induces the expansion of outputs through the interregional trade structure and also through the input-output structure of industrial sectors.Finally, we estimated final demand without the new transportation network, and we compared the results.The outline of the apparatus of our analysis is as follows:
CO2/oxalate Cathodes as Safe and Efficient Alternatives in High Energy Density Metal-Air Type Rechargeable Batteries (2016)

We present theoretical analysis on why and how rechargeable metal-air type batteries can be made significantly safer and more practical by utilizing CO2/oxalate conversions instead of O2/peroxide or O2/hydroxide ones, in the positive electrode. Metal-air batteries, such as the Li-air one, may have very large energy densities, comparable to that of gasoline, theoretically allowing for long range all-electric vehicles. There are, however, still significant challenges, especially related to the safety of their underlying chemistries, the robustness of their recharging and the need of supplying high purity O2 from air to the battery. We point out that the CO2/oxalate reversible electrochemical conversion is a viable alternative of the O2-based ones, allowing for similarly high energy density and almost identical voltage, while being much safer through the elimination of aggressive oxidant peroxides and the use of thermally stable, non-oxidative and environmentally benign oxalates instead.
Regulation of rat liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase and the chromosomal localization of the human gene. (1986)

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) synthase was purified to homogeneity from rat liver cytoplasm. The active enzyme is a dimer composed of identical subunits of Mr = 53,000. The amino acid composition and the NH2-terminal sequence are presented. Partial cDNA clones for the enzyme were isolated by screening of a rat liver lambda gt11 expression library with antibodies raised against the purified protein. The identity of the clones was confirmed by hybrid selection and translation. When rats were fed diets supplemented with cholesterol, cholestyramine, or cholestyramine plus mevinolin, the hepatic protein mass of cytoplasmic synthase, as determined by immunoblotting, was 25, 160, and 1100%, respectively, of the mass observed in rats fed normal chow. Comparable changes in enzyme activity were observed. Approximately 9-fold increases in both HMG-CoA synthase mRNA mass and synthase mRNA activity were observed when control diets were supplemented with cholestyramine and mevinolin. When rats were fed these two drugs and then given mevalonolactone by stomach intubation, there was a 5-fold decrease of synthase mRNA within 3 h. These results indicate that cytoplasmic synthase regulation occurs primarily at the level of mRNA. This regulation is rapid and coordinate with that observed for HMG-CoA reductase. The chromosomal localization of human HMG-CoA synthase was determined by examining a panel of human-mouse somatic cell hybrids with the rat cDNA probe. Interestingly, the synthase gene resides on human chromosome 5, which has previously been shown to contain the gene for HMG-CoA reductase. Regional mapping, performed by examination of a series of chromosome 5 deletion mutants and by in situ hybridization to human chromosomes indicates that the two genes are not tightly clustered.
A Logarithmic-Amplitude Polar Diagram (2001)

A polar diagram where the amplitude of the transfer function is on a logarithmic scale, is presented. This gives a one-size-fits-all diagram with no need for zooming in and out, and no need for additional reasoning about infinite-radius encirclements when there are poles on the imaginary axis - as opposed to what is usually neccessary with the standard polar (Nyquist-) diagram. All properties needed for stability considerations are upheld, such as encirclements, gain and phase margins. The path for s in the loop transfer function is carefully chosen with regard to possible poles on the imaginary axis. Small excursions into the right half plane in the form of arcs of different-sized logarithmic spirals result in corresponding large but finite arcs that do not overlap in the logarithmic polar plots.
Retear Patterns after Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair (2009)

The suture bridge technique tended to better preserve the cuff tissue repaired to the insertion site of the rotator cuff than a single-row technique did; the retear in cases with a suture bridge technique was mainly in the musculotendinous junction. Direct retear at the footprint of the rotator cuff increased with severity of fatty degeneration or muscle atrophy in cases with a suture bridge technique.
Standards for Patient Monitoring During Anesthesia at Harvard Medical School (1986)

As part of a major patient safety/risk management effort, the Department of Anaesthesia of Harvard Medical School, Boston, has devised specific, detailed, mandatory standards for minimal patient monitoring during anesthesia at its nine component teaching hospitals. Such standards have not previously existed, and resistance to the concept was anticipated but not seen. The standards are technically achievable in all settings and affordable in terms of effort and cost. Early detection of untoward trends or events during anesthesia will result in prevention or mitigation of patient injury; this, in turn, may also help counter the explosive increases in anesthesia-related malpractice actions, settlements, judgments, and insurance premiums. The committee process used is applicable to the promulgation of standards of practice for all medical specialties and any organized group of medical practitioners.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal—Boryl Compounds: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Structure (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Topic‐sensitive search engine evaluation (2011)

Purpose This work aims to investigate the sensitivity of ranking performance with respect to the topic distribution of queries selected for ranking evaluation. Design/methodology/approach The authors reweight queries used in two TREC tasks to make them match three real background topic distributions, and show that the performance rankings of retrieval systems are quite different. Findings It is found that search engines tend to perform similarly on queries about the same topic; and search engine performance is sensitive to the topic distribution of queries used in evaluation. Originality/value Using experiments with multiple real‐world query logs, the paper demonstrates weaknesses in the current evaluation model of retrieval systems.
Detecting Botnets with Tight Command and Control (2006)

Systems are attempting to detect botnets by examining traffic content for IRC commands or by setting up honeynets. Our approach for detecting botnets is to examine flow characteristics such as bandwidth, duration, and packet timing looking for evidence of botnet command and control activity. We have constructed an architecture that first eliminates traffic that is unlikely to be a part of a botnet, classifies the remaining traffic into a group that is likely to be part of a botnet, then correlates the likely traffic to find common communications patterns that would suggest the activity of a botnet. Our results show that botnet evidence can be extracted from a traffic trace containing almost 9 million flows
Phenotype onset in Huntington’s disease knock‐in mice is correlated with the incomplete splicing of the mutant huntingtin gene (2019)

Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat within the huntingtin (HTT) gene. The Q140 and HdhQ150 knock-in HD mouse models were generated such that HdhQ150 mice have an expanded CAG repeat inserted into the mouse Htt gene, whereas in the Q140s, mouse exon 1 Htt was replaced with a mutated version of human exon 1. By standardizing mouse strain background, breeding to homozygosity and employing sensitive behavioral tests, we demonstrate that the onset of behavioral phenotypes occurs earlier in the Q140 than the HdhQ150 knock-in mouse models and that huntingtin (HTT) aggregation appears earlier in the striata of Q140 mice. We have previously found that the incomplete splicing of mutant HTT from exon 1 to exon 2 results in the production of a small polyadenylated transcript that encodes the highly pathogenic mutant HTT exon 1 protein. In this report, we have identified a functional consequence of the sequence differences between these two models at the RNA level, in that the level of incomplete splicing, and of the mutant exon 1 HTT protein, are greater in the brains of Q140 mice. While differences in the human and mouse exon 1 HTT proteins (e.g., proline rich sequences) could also contribute to the phenotypic differences, our data indicate that the incomplete splicing of HTT and approaches to lower the levels of the exon 1 HTT transcript should be pursued as therapeutic targets.
An exported protein-interacting complex involved in the trafficking of virulence determinants in Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes (2017)

The malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, displays the P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) on the surface of infected red blood cells (RBCs). We here examine the physical organization of PfEMP1 trafficking intermediates in infected RBCs and determine interacting partners using an epitope-tagged minimal construct (PfEMP1B). We show that parasitophorous vacuole (PV)-located PfEMP1B interacts with components of the PTEX (Plasmodium Translocon of EXported proteins) as well as a novel protein complex, EPIC (Exported Protein-Interacting Complex). Within the RBC cytoplasm PfEMP1B interacts with components of the Maurer's clefts and the RBC chaperonin complex. We define the EPIC interactome and, using an inducible knockdown approach, show that depletion of one of its components, the parasitophorous vacuolar protein-1 (PV1), results in altered knob morphology, reduced cell rigidity and decreased binding to CD36. Accordingly, we show that deletion of the Plasmodium berghei homologue of PV1 is associated with attenuation of parasite virulence in vivo.
Human Tumor Xenograft Models in NCI Drug Development (2004)

The methods used by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) for in vivo preclinical development of anticancer drugs were described in detail in the first edition of this book (1). In addition, a series of review articles have charted the evolution of the overall NCI drug discovery process, which began in 1955 (2–12). Although the methodologies associated with xenograft model testing have remained fundamentally the same, during the past 10 yr a series of improvements to preclinical drug testing to expedite in vivo drug development have been made that now precede the employment of xenograft models in the in vivo drug development process. These specialized assays are described in Chapter 8. For the sake of completeness, the present chapter provides (1) a brief history of the in vivo screens used by the NCI, (2) a description of the human tumor xenograft systems that are employed in preclinical drug development, and (3) a discussion of how these xenograft models are employed for both initial efficacy testing as well as detailed drug evaluations.KeywordsHuman Tumor XenograftHuman Tumor Xenograft ModelBreast Tumor XenograftPreclinical Drug DevelopmentCancer Drug DiscoveryThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Online Parameter Selection for Gas Distribution Mapping (2014)

The ability to produce truthful maps of the distribution of one or more gases is beneficial for applications ranging from environmental monitoring to mines and industrial plants surveillance. Reali ...
Conjugated random copolymers of benzodithiophene–benzooxadiazole–diketopyrrolopyrrole with full visible light absorption for bulk heterojunction solar cells (2013)

We have used Stille coupling polymerization to synthesize a series of new donor–acceptor (D–A) conjugated random copolymers—PBDTT-BO-DPP—that comprise electron-rich alkylthienyl-substituted benzodithiophene (BDTT) units in conjugation with electron-deficient 2,1,3-benzooxadiazole (BO) and diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) moieties that have complementary light absorption behavior. These polymers exhibited excellent thermal stability with thermal degrading temperatures higher than 340 °C. Each of these copolymers exhibited (i) broad visible light absorption from 400 to 900 nm and (ii) a low optical band gap that is smaller than 1.4 eV and a low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital that is deeper than −5.22 eV. As a result, bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices derived from these polymers and fullerenes provided a high short-circuit current density that is larger than 12 mA cm−2. In particular, a photovoltaic device prepared from the PBDTT-BO-DPP (molar ratio, 1 : 0.5 : 0.5)/PC71BM (w/w, 1 : 2) blend system with 1-chloronaphthalene (1 volume%) as an additive exhibited excellent photovoltaic performance, with a value of Voc of 0.73 V, a high short-circuit current density of 17 mA cm−2, a fill factor of 0.55, and a promising power conversion efficiency of 6.8%, indicating that complementary light-absorption random polymer structures have great potential for increasing the photocurrent in bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices.
AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION OF SMALL UAVS BASED ON VEHICLE DYNAMIC MODEL (2016)

This paper presents a novel approach to autonomous navigation for small UAVs, in which the vehicle dynamic model (VDM) serves as the main process model within the navigation filter. The proposed method significantly increases the accuracy and reliability of autonomous navigation, especially for small UAVs with low-cost IMUs on-board. This is achieved with no extra sensor added to the conventional INS/GNSS setup. This improvement is of special interest in case of GNSS outages, where inertial coasting drifts very quickly. In the proposed architecture, the solution to VDM equations provides the estimate of position, velocity, and attitude, which is updated within the navigation filter based on available observations, such as IMU data or GNSS measurements. The VDM is also fed with the control input to the UAV, which is available within the control/autopilot system. The filter is capable of estimating wind velocity and dynamic model parameters, in addition to navigation states and IMU sensor errors. Monte Carlo simulations reveal major improvements in navigation accuracy compared to conventional INS/GNSS navigation system during the autonomous phase, when satellite signals are not available due to physical obstruction or electromagnetic interference for example. In case of GNSS outages of a few minutes, position and attitude accuracy experiences improvements of orders of magnitude compared to inertial coasting. It means that during such scenario, the position-velocity-attitude (PVA) determination is sufficiently accurate to navigate the UAV to a home position without any signal that depends on vehicle environment.
Crystal Structure of Pterocarpus angolensis Lectin in Complex with Glucose, Sucrose, and Turanose (2003)

The crystal structure of the Man/Glc-specific seed lectin from Pterocarpus angolensis was determined in complex with methyl-alpha-d-glucose, sucrose, and turanose. The carbohydrate binding site contains a classic Man/Glc type specificity loop. Its metal binding loop on the other hand is of the long type, different from what is observed in other Man/Glc-specific legume lectins. Glucose binding in the primary binding site is reminiscent of the glucose complexes of concanavalin A and lentil lectin. Sucrose is found to be bound in a conformation similar as seen in the binding site of lentil lectin. A direct hydrogen bond between Ser-137(OG) to Fru(O2) in Pterocarpus angolensis lectin replaces a water-mediated interaction in the equivalent complex of lentil lectin. In the turanose complex, the binding site of the first molecule in the asymmetric unit contains the alphaGlc1-3betaFruf form of furanose while the second molecule contains the alphaGlc1-3betaFrup form in its binding site.
Cytomegalovirus Pneumonia in Adult Nontransplantation Patients with Cancer: Review of 20 Cases Occurring from 1964 Through 1990 (1996)

The objectives of this study were to estimate the frequency of cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia and describe its clinical and radiological presentation in adult nontransplantation patients with cancer. Of the 10,441 autopsies performed at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center (Houston) during the period of January 1964 through December 1990, 9,029 were evaluable. Twenty histopathologically confirmed cases of CMV pneumonia were found, representing a frequency of 2.2 cases per 1,000 autopsies. When the frequency of CMV pneumonia was compared for the periods 1964-1979 (1.5 cases per 1,000 autopsies) and 1980-1990 (4.6 cases per 1,000 autopsies), a statistically significant increase due to an increase in the number of patients with solid malignancies was observed (P < .05). CMV pneumonia is an uncommon diagnosis at autopsy for adult nontransplantation patients with cancer and is usually found in conjunction with a disseminated neoplastic process.
Abstract 14439: Using Augmented Mean Arterial Pressure to Assess Post-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Mortality (2022)

Introduction: Post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) outcome of patients is an important research topic. To accurately assess post-TAVR mortality, we examined a family of new echo-parameters (augmented systolic blood pressure (AugSBP) and arterial mean pressure parameters (AugMAP)) derived from blood pressure and aortic valve gradient ( Figure 1 ). Methods: Patients in the Mayo Clinic National Cardiovascular Diseases Registry-TAVR database who underwent TAVR between January 1, 2012, and June 30, 2017, were identified to retrieve baseline clinical, echocardiographic, and mortality data. The median of AugSBP and AugMAP were used to stratify patients in Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: The final cohort contained 974 patients with a mean age of 81.4±8.3 years old, and 56.6% were male. The mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk score was 8.2±5.2. The median follow-up duration was 354 days, and the one-year all-cause mortality rate was 14.2%. Detailed characteristics are summarized in Table 1. AugMAP1 &lt; 102.5 mmHg (median) was associated with a 3-fold risk of all-cause mortality post-TAVR at 1 year (hazard ratio 3.0, 95%confidence interval 2.0-4.5, p&lt;0.0001)( Figure 1 ). Conclusions: Augmented mean arterial pressure provides clinicians with a simple but effective approach to quickly identify patients at risk and potentially improve post-TAVR prognosis.
Cation-substituted Cu2O deposited by MOCVD as a transparent p-type semiconducting oxide films with enhanced performances: A comparison between strontium, magnesium and tin incorporation (2018)

National audience
NJ001 specific antigen expression in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance (2013)

Objective
To evaluate the expression of NJ001 specific antigen in lung adenocarcinoma,and the relationship between the antigen and clinicopathological features.


Methods
A case-control study was conducted.Tumor tissues of 113 lung adenocarcinoma and 46 benign lung disease were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.The expression of NJ001 specific antigen was examined by means of immunohistochemistry,and the results were scored by semiquantitative analysis.Then the associations of the antigen expression with several clinicopathologic features and the potential value in prognosis were assessed.Statistical analysis was evaluated by chi-square test or Fisher exact test.


Results
The positive rate of NJ001 specific antigen was 84.70% in 113 lung adenocarcinoma,which was higher than 8.70% in benign lung disease,and there were significant differences between the two groups (χ2=79.050,P<0.01).In lung adenocarcinoma of poor and moderate differentiation,the positive rate of NJ001 specific antigen was 89.41%,and it was significantly higher than 63.16% in well differentiation patients (P=0.009); Meanwhile,the positive rate in patients with lymph nodes metastasis was 91.53%,which was markedly higher than 75.51% in those without lymph nodes metastasis (χ2=5.177,P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the higher level of the specific antigen patients expressed,the lower survival rate they acquired.Cox proportional hazards model revealed that high expression of NJ001 specific antigen was an independent risk factor for post-operation overall survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients.


Conclusions
The expression of NJ001 specific antigen is closely correlated with tumor differentiation degree and lymph node metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma patients,and it promises to be a novel marker for prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients.(Chin J Lab Med,2013,36:895-898)


Key words: 
Lung neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Antibodies; monoclonal; Immunohistochemistry
Long-term trajectory of cognitive performance in people with bipolar disorder and controls: 6-year longitudinal study (2021)

Cognitive performance remained stable in patients with bipolar disorder over a 6-year period and evolved similarly to healthy controls. These findings argue against the notion of a general progressive decline in cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder.
10 Gbit/s Short-Reach Transmission over 35 m Large-Core Graded-Index Polymer Optical Fiber (2011)

In the paper we demonstrate robust 10 Gbit/s short-reach transmission over 35 m of 1-mm core-diameter graded-index polymer optical fiber with very low cost components and DMT modulation. With this scheme reliable high-speed short-reach interconnects are feasible that can be easily combined to fiber ribbons.