gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figure Legend from Diverse Targets of β-Catenin during the Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Define Cancer Stem Cells and Predict Disease Relapse (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legend from Diverse Targets of β-Catenin during the Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Define Cancer Stem Cells and Predict Disease Relapse
C-arm orbits for metal artifact avoidance (MAA) in cone-beam CT (2020)

Metal artifacts present a challenge to cone-beam CT (CBCT) image-guided surgery, obscuring visualization of metal instruments and adjacent anatomy-often in the very region of interest pertinent to the imaging/surgical tasks. We present a method to reduce the influence of metal artifacts by prospectively defining an image acquisition protocol-viz., the C-arm source-detector orbit-that mitigates metal-induced biases in the projection data. The metal artifact avoidance (MAA) method is compatible with simple mobile C-arms, does not require exact prior information on the patient or metal implants, and is consistent with 3D filtered backprojection (FBP), more advanced (e.g. polyenergetic) model-based image reconstruction (MBIR), and metal artifact reduction (MAR) post-processing methods. The MAA method consists of: (i) coarse localization of metal objects in the field-of-view (FOV) via two or more low-dose scout projection views and segmentation (e.g. a simple U-Net) in coarse backprojection; (ii) model-based prediction of metal-induced x-ray spectral shift for all source-detector vertices accessible by the imaging system (e.g. gantry rotation and tilt angles); and (iii) identification of a circular or non-circular orbit that reduces the variation in spectral shift. The method was developed, tested, and evaluated in a series of studies presenting increasing levels of complexity and realism, including digital simulations, phantom experiment, and cadaver experiment in the context of image-guided spine surgery (pedicle screw implants). The MAA method accurately predicted tilted circular and non-circular orbits that reduced the magnitude of metal artifacts in CBCT reconstructions. Realistic distributions of metal instrumentation were successfully localized (0.71 median Dice coefficient) from 2-6 low-dose scout views even in complex anatomical scenes. The MAA-predicted tilted circular orbits reduced root-mean-square error (RMSE) in 3D image reconstructions by 46%-70% and 'blooming' artifacts (apparent width of the screw shaft) by 20-45%. Non-circular orbits defined by MAA achieved a further ∼46% reduction in RMSE compared to the best (tilted) circular orbit. The MAA method presents a practical means to predict C-arm orbits that minimize spectral bias from metal instrumentation. Resulting orbits-either simple tilted circular orbits or more complex non-circular orbits that can be executed with a motorized multi-axis C-arm-exhibited substantial reduction of metal artifacts in raw CBCT reconstructions by virtue of higher fidelity projection data, which are in turn compatible with subsequent MAR post-processing and/or polyenergetic MBIR to further reduce artifacts.
Validation of myocardial perfusion reserve measurements using regularized factor images of H(2)(15)O dynamic PET scans. (2001)

Regularized factor analysis provides well-defined myocardial images from H(2)(15)O dynamic scans, permitting an accurate and simple measurement of MPR. The method reduces exposure to radiation and examination time and lowers the cost of MPR protocols using a PET scanner.
Learning to segment key clinical anatomical structures in fetal neurosonography informed by a region-based descriptor (2018)

We present a general framework for automatic segmentation of fetal brain structures in ultrasound images inspired by recent advances in machine learning. The approach is based on a region descriptor that characterizes the shape and local intensity context of different neurological structures without explicit models. To validate our framework, we present experiments to segment two fetal brain structures of clinical importance that have quite different ultrasonic appearances-the corpus callosum (CC) and the choroid plexus (CP). Results demonstrate that our approach achieves high region segmentation accuracy (dice coefficient: [Formula: see text] CC, [Formula: see text] CP) relative to human delineation, whereas the derived automated biometry measurement deviations are within human intra/interobserver variations. The use of our proposed method may help to standardize intracranial anatomy measurements for both the routine examination and the detection of congenital conditions in the future.
Canine IgE monoclonal antibody specific for a filarial antigen: production by a canine x murine heterohybridoma using B cells from a clinically affected lymph node. (1995)

Canine popliteal lymph node cells taken at the onset of clinical disease from a rear limb infected with the filarial nematode Brugia pahangi were fused with mouse myeloma cell line P3X63.Ag8.653 cells. Of the several canine immunoglobulin-producing clones from this fusion, one was found to produce canine IgE specific for a filarial nematode antigen. The cell line has undergone limiting dilution cloning six times over the past 3 years and continues to produce monoclonal antibody of the IgE subclass at a rate of greater than 3 mg/l. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the cell culture supernatant protein that bound to protein A beads, showed bands at molecular weights (MW) of approximately 75,000 and 25,000 that were characteristic of epsilon and kappa or lambda chains, respectively. A mouse monoclonal antibody specific for canine IgE bound the 75,000 MW band, as demonstrated by Western blot. Western blots of aqueous extracts of adult filarial nematodes demonstrated binding of the canine IgE monoclonal antibody to a single 35,000 MW peptide from B. pahangi but not Dirofilaria immitis; immunochemistry using frozen sections of adult worms, microfilariae and fourth stage larvae revealed focal binding of the monoclonal IgE to worm tissue adjacent to dorsal and ventral cords of only Brugia adults.
Design, synthesis, and activity of membrane-disrupting bolaphiles (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign, synthesis, and activity of membrane-disrupting bolaphilesNimal Jayasuriya, Stanislav Bosak, and Steven L. RegenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 15, 5844–5850Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00171a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00171a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views705Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Connexin‐specific cell‐to‐cell transfer of short interfering RNA by gap junctions (2005)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether oligonucleotides the size of siRNA are permeable to gap junctions and whether a specific siRNA for DNA polymerase beta (pol beta) can move from one cell to another via gap junctions, thus allowing one cell to inhibit gene expression in another cell directly. To test this hypothesis, fluorescently labelled oligonucleotides (morpholinos) 12, 16 and 24 nucleotides in length were synthesized and introduced into one cell of a pair using a patch pipette. These probes moved from cell to cell through gap junctions composed of connexin 43 (Cx43). Moreover, the rate of transfer declined with increasing length of the oligonucleotide. To test whether siRNA for pol beta was permeable to gap junctions we used three cell lines: (1) NRK cells that endogenously express Cx43; (2) Mbeta16tsA cells, which express Cx32 and Cx26 but not Cx43; and (3) connexin-deficient N2A cells. NRK and Mbeta16tsA cells were each divided into two groups, one of which was stably transfected to express a small hairpin RNA (shRNA), which gives rise to siRNA that targets pol beta. These two pol beta knockdown cell lines (NRK-kcdc and Mbeta16tsA-kcdc) were co-cultured with labelled wild type, NRK-wt or Mbeta16tsA-wt cells or N2A cells. The levels of pol beta mRNA and protein were determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Co-culture of Mbeta16tsA-kcdc cells with Mbeta16tsA-wt, N2A or NRK-wt cells had no effect on pol beta levels in these cells. Similarly, co-culture of NRK-kcdc with N2A cells had no effect on pol beta levels in the N2A cells. In contrast, co-culture of NRK-kcdc with NRK-wt cells resulted in a significant reduction in pol beta in the wt cells. The inability of Mbeta16tsA-kcdc cells to transfer siRNA is consistent with the fact that oligonucleotides of the 12 nucleotide length were not permeable to Cx32/Cx26 channels. This suggested that Cx43 but not Cx32/Cx26 channels allowed the cell-to-cell movement of the siRNA. These results support the novel hypothesis that non-hybridized and possible hybridized forms of siRNA can move between mammalian cells through connexin-specific gap junctions.
Iterative Soft Decision Feedback Zig-Zag Equalizer for 2D Intersymbol Interference Channels (2010)

We present a novel iterative soft decision feedback zig-zag algorithm for detection of binary images corrupted by two dimensional intersymbol interference and additive white Gaussian noise. The algorithm exchanges soft information between maximum-a-posteriori detectors employing different zigzag scan directions. Each detector exploits soft-decision feedback from the other zig-zag detectors. Simulation results for the 2 × 2 averaging mask channel show that, at low signal-to-noise ratios, the new algorithm gains about 1 dB over an iterative row column soft decision feedback algorithm and over a separable mask algorithm, two of the best previously published schemes. When the zig-zag algorithm is concatenated with the row-column algorithm, the concatenated system performs as well as or better than four of the best previously published algorithms, at both low and high signal-to-noise ratios, for a variety of 2 × 2 and 3 × 3 convolution masks; in several cases, the system performs within less than 0.1 dB of the maximum-likelihood performance bound.
Importance-Driven Visualization Layouts for Large Time Series Data (2006)

Time series are an important type of data with applications in virtually every aspect of the real world. Often a large number of time series have to be monitored and analyzed in parallel. Sets of time series may show intrinsic hierarchical relationships and varying degrees of importance among the individual time series. Effective techniques for visually analyzing large sets of time series should encode the relative importance and hierarchical ordering of the time series data by size and position, and should also provide a high degree of regularity in order to support comparability by the analyst. In this paper, we present a framework for visualizing large sets of time series. Based on the notion of inter time series importance relationships, we define a set of objective functions that space-filling layout schemes for time series data should obey. We develop an efficient algorithm addressing the identified problems by generating layouts that reflect hierarchy and importance based relationships in a regular layout with favorable aspect ratios. We apply our technique to a number of real world data sets including sales and stock data, and we compare our technique with an aspect ratio aware variant of the well known TreeMap algorithm. The examples show the advantages and practical usefulness of our layout algorithm.
Blood levels and electrophysiological effects of intravenous amiodarone in patients with junctional reciprocating tachycardia. Preliminary observations. (1984)

The time course and the mode of antiarrhythmic action of Amiodarone was studied after acute i.v. injection of the drug (5 mg/kg in 5 min) to four patients with junctional reciprocating tachycardia. Electrophysiological studies were performed before and 1 and 2 hours after Amiodarone injection. It was impossible or considerably more difficult to induce junctional reciprocating tachycardia after Amiodarone, and the drug's effect was detectable mainly on the AV node. Kinetic analysis of blood levels of Amiodarone during the electrophysiological study did not support a direct association between blood concentration and its effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Deoxy Analogues of the DNA Topoisomerase II Inhibitor Eleutherin and the 3C‐Protease Inhibitor Thysanone. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Orientación profesional de los Grados: El papel de las Facultades de Educación y Formación (2015)

Con base en la adaptacion a los cambios y a las nuevas necesidades creadas en el sistema
productivo, las sociedades que mas rapidamente estan avanzando son las que ponen el acento en la
mejora de las diferentes etapas de sus sistemas educativos y desde una perspectiva holistica. La
adaptacion social a los cambios ha de producirse en el menor tiempo posible, por ello, las innovaciones
en Educacion se realizan desde las primeras etapas, a traves de una rigurosa seleccion del profesorado
con alta formacion universitaria. En este sentido, las Facultades de Formacion del Profesorado y
Educacion cobran especial relevancia en el sistema universitario como vehiculo de rapida transmision
del conocimiento a todas las organizaciones sociales. En Espana, estas Facultades tienen como funcion
principal la formacion en el magisterio en las etapas de infantil y primaria, olvidando otras posibles
formas de intervencion en la mejora de la formacion universitaria como pueden ser: el desarrollo de
competencias profesionales y sociales que, de forma generalizada se podran dar en su futuro ambiente
laboral.
Comparandonos con el modelo anglosajon, en el que existen materias que de forma
generalizada pueden impartirse a todos los universitarios independientemente del area de conocimiento
a la que pertenezcan, o como centro de formacion continua para organizaciones empresariales y
profesionales, entre otras posibles actividades a desarrollar; parece evidente, que estos aspectos que
pueden ser comunes a toda la formacion universitaria, podrian centralizarse en las Facultades de
Formacion de Profesorado y Educacion con el fin de conseguir mayor eficiencia organizativa. Por ello
se desarrolla este escrito cuya intencion es hacer constar la importancia de la formacion integral y
humanista de nuestro sistema.
13C-Labeled Heparan Sulfate Analogue as a Tool To Study Protein/Heparan Sulfate Interactions by NMR Spectroscopy: Application to the CXCL12α Chemokine (2011)

Heparan sulfate (HS), a polysaccharide of the glycosaminoglycan family characterized by a unique level of complexity, has emerged as a key regulator of many fundamental biological processes. Although it has become clear that this class of molecules exert their functions by interacting with proteins, the exact modes of interaction still remain largely unknown. Here we report the engineering of a (13)C-labeled HS-like oligosaccharide with a defined oligosaccharidic sequence that was used to investigate the structural determinants involved in protein/HS recognition by multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. Using the chemokine CXCL12α as a model system, we obtained experimental NMR data on both the oligosaccharide and the chemokine that was used to obtain a structural model of a protein/HS complex. This new approach provides a foundation for further investigations of protein/HS interactions and should find wide application.
Vers la réalisation de guides en polymères à fort ki(3) (2006)

session Affiches, thème 5 « Optique intégrée passive et active » [A-Th5-13]
Electrochemical Immunosensor for Cholera Toxin Using Liposomes and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Coated Carbon Nanotubes (2006)

A sensitive method for the detection of cholera toxin (CT) using an electrochemical immunosensor with liposomic magnification followed by adsorptive square-wave stripping voltammetry is described. Potassium ferrocyanide-encapsulated and ganglioside (GM1)-functionalized liposomes act as highly specific recognition labels for the amplified detection of cholera toxin. The sensing interface consists of monoclonal antibody against the B subunit of CT that is linked to poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) coated on Nafion-supported multiwalled carbon nanotube caste film on a glassy carbon electrode. The CT is detected by a "sandwich-type" assay on the electronic transducers, where the toxin is first bound to the anti-CT antibody and then to the GM1-functionalized liposome. The potassium ferrocyanide molecules are released from the bounded liposomes on the electrode by lyses with methanolic solution of Triton X-100. The released electroactive marker is measured by adsorptive square-wave stripping voltammetry. The sandwich assay provides the amplification route for the detection of the CT present in ultratrace levels. The calibration curve for CT had a linear range of 10(-14)-10(-7)g mL(-1). The detection limit of this immunosensor was 10(-16) g of cholera toxin (equivalent to 100 microL of 10(-15) g mL(-1)).
Deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes using quaternary AlInGaN multiple quantum wells (2002)

We report on the growth, fabrication, and characterization of deep ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with quaternary AlInGaN-AlInGaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) in the active region. These high quality quaternary MQWs were deposited over sapphire and n-SiC substrates using a novel pulsed atomic layer epitaxy (PALE) technique. LEDs with peak emission wavelengths from 305-340 nm were fabricated and characterized. Using square geometry devices over sapphire and n-SiC substrates we studied the role of current crowding. Numerical simulation results are also provided to explain the observed current-voltage and light-emission characteristics.
Role of mitogen-activated protein kinase in taxol-induced apoptosis in human leukemic U937 cells. (1998)

The induction of apoptosis by Taxol was investigated in human leukemic U937 cells. Treatment of U937 cells with 20 nM Taxol for 24 h induced apoptosis in 30-40% of cells, which resulted in an 80% growth inhibition 3 days after treatment. Synchronous cells at different cell cycle stages exhibited different sensitivities toward Taxol, and their reversion by certain protein kinase inhibitors was also phase specific. Kinetic studies of cell cycle progress reveal that Taxol accelerates the progression of the cell cycle, which facilitates the process of apoptosis, especially for cells initially in the G1 phase. This acceleration may result from transient activation of p42/ 44 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, because inhibition of upstream MAP/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK1/2) by PD98059 reversed this effect. However, the delayed S-G2-M-phase progression by PD98059 was insignificant. The results suggest that MAP kinase may not only mediate cell cycle progress but may also participate in the apoptosis pathway for cells originally in S phase.
On the advancements of digital signal processing hardware and algorithms enabling the Origins Space Telescope (2021)

On August 22, 2019, the Origins Space Telescope (OST) Study Team delivered the OST Mission Concept Study Report and the OST Technology Development Plan to NASA Headquarters. A key component of this study report includes the technology roadmap for detector readout and how new radio frequency-system-on-chip (RFSoC)-based technology would be used to advance the far-infrared polarimeter instrument concept for a spaceflight mission. We present our current results as they pertain to the implementation of algorithms, hardware, and architecture for instrument signal processing of this proposed observatory using RFSoC technology. We also present a small case study, comparing a more conventional readout system with one based on the RFSoC and show a trade of system complexity versus technology readiness level.
Privileged Graph Distillation for Cold Start Recommendation (2021)

The cold start problem in recommender systems is a long-standing challenge, which requires recommending to new users (items) based on attributes without any historical interaction records. In these recommendation systems, warm users (items) have privileged collaborative signals of interaction records compared to cold start users (items), and these Collaborative Filtering (CF) signals are shown to have competing performance for recommendation. Many researchers proposed to learn the correlation between collaborative signal embedding space and the attribute embedding space to improve the cold start recommendation, in which user and item categorical attributes are available in many online platforms. However, the cold start recommendation is still limited by two embedding spaces modeling and simple assumptions of space transformation. As user-item interaction behaviors and user (item) attributes naturally form a heterogeneous graph structure, in this paper, we propose a privileged graph distillation model (PGD). The teacher model is composed of a heterogeneous graph structure for warm users and items with privileged CF links. The student model is composed of an entity-attribute graph without CF links. Specifically, the teacher model can learn better embeddings of each entity by injecting complex higher-order relationships from the constructed heterogeneous graph. The student model can learn the distilled output with privileged CF embeddings from the teacher embeddings. Our proposed model is generally applicable to different cold start scenarios with new user, new item, or new user-new item. Finally, extensive experimental results on the real-world datasets clearly show the effectiveness of our proposed model on different types of cold start problems, with average 6.6%, 5.6%, and 17.1% improvement over state-of-the-art baselines on three datasets, respectively.