gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Firing rates of hippocampal neurons are preserved during subsequent sleep episodes and modified by novel awake experience (2001)

What determines the firing rate of cortical neurons in the absence of external sensory input or motor behavior, such as during sleep? Here we report that, in a familiar environment, the discharge frequency of simultaneously recorded individual CA1 pyramidal neurons and the coactivation of cell pairs remain highly correlated across sleep-wake-sleep sequences. However, both measures were affected when new sets of neurons were activated in a novel environment. Nevertheless, the grand mean firing rate of the whole pyramidal cell population remained constant across behavioral states and testing conditions. The findings suggest that long-term firing patterns of single cells can be modified by experience. We hypothesize that increased firing rates of recently used neurons are associated with a concomitant decrease in the discharge activity of the remaining population, leaving the mean excitability of the hippocampal network unaltered.
A Study on the Numerical Analysis for Soil Contamination Prediction in Incheon Area (2012)

본 논문에서는 2009년도 인천지역 토양오염 실태조사에 따른 오염 분포도를 분석하였다. 인천 남동국가 산업단지, 부평 이전 미군기지, 서구 매립지 등에서는 유류저장 시설, 자동차 및 유리 산업화, 군부대 시설에 따른 유류 및 중금속 유출 등의 산업 및 경제 활동으로 토양오염 분포도가 다소 높게 조사되었다. 특히 인천의 토양오염 우려 지역을 대상으로 수치해석을 통한 장래 오염 평가를 하였다. 향후 5년 후 불소와 석유계총탄화수소의 오염은 점차 정화 될 것으로 판단되지만, 오염지역의 관리가 소홀하거나 주변지역으로 유출시 이 기간 내에 주변 확산과 시간경과에 따른 오염 진행은 커질 것으로 판단된다. This paper analyzes the map of soil contamination in years of 2009 by actual survey in Incheon. South-east national industrial complex and the US Army base in Bu-Pyung are turned out to be high polluted area because spilling of oil storage facilities, vehicle and glass industries. So, the soil contamination in Incheon Metropolitan area will be getting more attention. To solve this problem, the soil contamination has been predicted by using the visual Sufer and visual Modflow which are analysis program in geotechnique and water flow. The result of analysis is that F and TPH will be retarded after 5 years. However, the contamination diffusion will be increased if there is no proper management of soil contamination.
Central adiposity as a major risk factor of ovarian cancer. (2009)

The identification of risk factors for ovarian cancer is crucial in prevention of the disease. This pathology is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of factors influencing hormonal levels such as body mass index (BMI), BMI at age 20, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), oral contraceptive (OC) use, and risk of ovarian cancer. A case-control study was conducted in women who developed ovarian cancer. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). While no association was found between BMI, BMI at age 20 and risk of ovarian cancer, high WHR increased the risk with ORs of 2.93 and 8.58 (p<10(-6)) for the highest categories (WHR=0.801-0.85 and WHR>0.85) versus the lowest (WHR<0.8). Central adiposity is a key factor in ovarian cancer and suggests the involvement of androgen conversion in adipose tissue.
Expression of HSP47 in Usual Interstitial Pneumonia and Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia (2005)

Our results suggest the existence of different fibrotic pathways among these groups involved in the expression of HSP47 and type I procollagen.
Emerging investigator series: a multispecies analysis of the relationship between oxygen content and toxicity in graphene oxide (2021)

The relationship between oxygen content and toxicity in graphene oxide varies between species.
Decomposition and Stabilization of Drugs.XVII. Kinetic Studies on the Hydration of Pentazocine in Aqueous Acidic Media (1976)

The kinetics of the acid-catalyzed hydration of pentazocine (I) was examined in aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions from 3.9×10-2 to 5.0M. I undergoes hydration in aqueous acidic media to form an alcohol derivative corresponding to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-hexa-hydro-6, 11-dimethyl-3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-2, 6-methano-3-benzazocin-8-ol(II), and its reaction rate follows a pseudo-first-order reaction. Values of log kobs (hr-1 are far from directly proportional to acid concentration (log [HCl]) and instead nearly proportional to the acidity function (H0). Further, participation of water molecule in the transition state (as rate-determining step) was examined by Bunnett w-value, and a linear relation-ship was found between log kobs+H0 and log αH2O with the slope, w, of -1.28. These results suggest that the hydration transition state is I plus a proton, i.e., free carbonium ion. Accordingly, the hydration mechanism is free from firmly bound water molecules in the transition state. Arrhenius parameters were determined by plotting the hydration rate constants against temperature, and activation energy and activation entropy were calculated.
Structure and Growth of Chromophore-Functionalized (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Self-Assembled on Silicon (2000)

We have used X-ray reflectivity, ellipsometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize self-assembled films of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APS) functionalized with a photosensitive chromophore. Using the evolution of film thickness with time devoted to initial APS adsorption on the surface, we obtain a model for the structure and growth dynamics of the film.
Clinical Oral Implants Research (2010)

Dentoalveolar traumatisms, particularly those that affect the anterior teeth, interfere adversely in the patient s life.Among them, tooth avulsion is pointed out because it is characterized as a complex injury that affects multiple tissues, andbecause there is no effective treatment available for its resolution with a stable long-term outcome.Aim/Hypothesis: The aim of the present study was to relate a clinical case of complete reconstruction of atrophy of the alveolarbone corresponding to tooth 11, lost by tooth resorption 10 years after the tooth reimplantation procedure.Material and methods: Reconstruction was performed with autogenous bone harvested from the mentum donor site. Surgicalaccess began in the receptor area with a Newman mucoperiosteal incision using a scalpel blade 15 mounted in a scalpel handlefor detachment and exposure of the receptor site. Extensive bone resorption was observed in the vestibular-palatine direction,proved by the thinness of the receptor bed. Decorticalization of the vestibular bone plate was performed. After preparing thereceptor bed, and incision was made in the mucosa in the depth of the anterior vestibular fornix, then a perpendicular muscleperiostealincision to detach and exposure the donor area. The bone graft necessary for reconstruction of the donor area wasdelimited, followed by monocortical osteotomy and the monocortical graft was removed. The next stage was to perform shapingfor passive graft accommodation and fixation by means of two bicortical screws. After fixation of the graft the sharp angles wererounded off in order to avoid possible exposure and/or fenestrations of the reconstructed area, then the receptor and donor areawere sutured. After the 6-month period to allow incorporation of the autogenous graft, an osseointegrated dental implant wasinserted. At the end of the 6-month period of waiting for osseointegration to occur, the process of fabricating the screw-retainedmetal ceramic
Facial Emotion Recognition using Deep Learning (2019)

Face Emotion Recognition (FER), the human face assumes a significant job in programmed acknowledgment of feelings in the field of recognizing human feelings and the cooperation among humans and PC for some genuine applications. The greater part of the revealed facial feeling acknowledgment frameworks aren't completely viewed as subject free unique highlights thus they are not hearty enough for reality. The feelings are successfully variable happenings that are evoked because of affecting power. In this way, all things considered, applications, recognition of feeling is an extremely testing assignment.
Improved Lifetime Analysis using Angular-Domain Fluorescence Imaging in a Tissue-Like Phantom (2010)

Angular-domain fluorescence imaging is defined by the use of an angular filter array to restrict detection of multiply-scattered photons for improved depth-spatial resolution. The benefits of its application to fluorescence lifetime imaging are presented.
Effects of Dietary Cooked Navy Bean on the Fecal Microbiome of Healthy Companion Dogs (2013)

No negative alterations of microbial populations occurred following cooked navy bean intake in dogs, indicating that bean powders may be a viable protein and fiber source for commercial pet foods. The highly variable microbial populations observed in these healthy adult pet dogs at baseline is one potential reason for the difficulty to detect alterations in microbial populations following dietary changes. Given the potential physiological benefits of bean intake in humans and dogs, further evaluation of the impacts of cooked navy bean intake on fecal microbial populations with higher power or more sensitive methods are warranted.
The three-dimensional structure of Epstein-Barr virus genome varies by latency type and is regulated by PARP1 enzymatic activity (2022)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) persists in human B-cells by maintaining its chromatinized episomes within the nucleus. We have previously shown that cellular factor Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1) binds the EBV genome, stabilizes CTCF binding at specific loci, and that PARP1 enzymatic activity correlates with maintaining a transcriptionally active latency program. To better understand PARP1's role in regulating EBV latency, here we functionally characterize the effect of PARP enzymatic inhibition on episomal structure through in situ HiC mapping, generating a complete 3D structure of the EBV genome. We also map intragenomic contact changes after PARP inhibition to global binding of chromatin looping factors CTCF and cohesin across the EBV genome. We find that PARP inhibition leads to fewer total unique intragenomic interactions within the EBV episome, yet new chromatin loops distinct from the untreated episome are also formed. This study also illustrates that PARP inhibition alters gene expression at the regions where chromatin looping is most effected. We observe that PARP1 inhibition does not alter cohesin binding sites but does increase its frequency of binding at those sites. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that PARP has an essential role in regulating global EBV chromatin structure and latent gene expression.
Horizontal transfer of a eukaryotic plastid-targeted protein gene to cyanobacteria (2007)

A gene for plastid-targeted FBA has been transferred from red algae to cyanobacteria, where it has inserted itself beside its non-homologous, functional analogue. Its current distribution in Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus is punctate, suggesting a complex history since its introduction to this group.
Prediction of psychosis: setting the stage (2007)

Treating psychotic disorders in their earliest stages has become a key focus for research and clinical care. This paper reviews evidence of the capacity to identify those at increased risk for psychotic disorder and to intervene in the identified, high-risk individuals to ameliorate the course of disorder. Issues involved in preventive oriented clinical care are addressed, such as risk/benefit considerations, ethical and safety issues and the value of stage-specific interventions. Clinical predictors identified in recent research, promising intervention trials and proposed clinical practice guidelines are described. An approach based on active engagement, support and monitoring, yet with a conservative approach to medication use is advocated at present. Potential neurobiological processes have been studied and reinforce the sense that this is a critical phase for active treatment, and may prove helpful in understanding the process of transition across stages of illness. More research is required in prediction, neurobiology and treatment.
Autonomic dysfunction and heart rate variability in depression (2015)

Depression occurs in people of all ages across all world regions; it is the second leading cause of disability and its global burden increased by 37.5% between 1990 and 2010. Autonomic changes are often found in altered mood states and appear to be a central biological substrate linking depression to a number of physical dysfunctions. Alterations of autonomic nervous system functioning that promotes vagal withdrawal are reflected in reductions of heart rate variability (HRV) indexes. Reduced HRV characterizes emotional dysregulation, decreased psychological flexibility and defective social engagement, which in turn are linked to prefrontal cortex hypoactivity. Altogether, these pieces of evidence support the idea that HRV might represent a useful endophenotype for psychological/physical comorbidities, and its routine application should be advised to assess the efficacy of prevention/intervention therapies in a number of psychosomatic and psychiatric dysfunctions. Further research, also making use of appropriate animal models, could provide a significant support to this point of view and possibly help to identify appropriate antidepressant therapies that do not interefere with physical health.
Development and Testing of a Data Capture Device for Use With Clinical Incentive Spirometers: Testing and Usability Study (2023)

An effective and reusable add-on device for the incentive spirometer was created to allow the collection of previously inaccessible incentive spirometer data and demonstrate Internet-of-Things use on a common hospital device. This design showed high sensor accuracies and the ability to use data in real-time applications, showing promise in the ability to capture currently inaccessible clinical data. Further use of this device could facilitate improved research into the incentive spirometer to improve adoption, incentivize adherence, and investigate the clinical effectiveness to help guide clinical care.
Transcriptional activator TAp63 is upregulated in muscular atrophy during ALS and induces the pro-atrophic ubiquitin ligase Trim63 (2016)

Mechanisms of muscle atrophy are complex and their understanding might help finding therapeutic solutions for pathologies such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We meta-analyzed transcriptomic experiments of muscles of ALS patients and mouse models, uncovering a p53 deregulation as common denominator. We then characterized the induction of several p53 family members (p53, p63, p73) and a correlation between the levels of p53 family target genes and the severity of muscle atrophy in ALS patients and mice. In particular, we observed increased p63 protein levels in the fibers of atrophic muscles via denervation-dependent and -independent mechanisms. At a functional level, we demonstrated that TAp63 and p53 transactivate the promoter and increased the expression of Trim63 (MuRF1), an effector of muscle atrophy. Altogether, these results suggest a novel function for p63 as a contributor to muscular atrophic processes via the regulation of multiple genes, including the muscle atrophy gene Trim63.
The heart as an endocrine source of metabolic vasodilators (1079.26) (2014)

During heightened cardiac work, O 2 consumption by the heart increases. This increase benefits energy production via mitochondrial e¯ transport, but the process of e¯ transport is not perfect and some e¯ “leak” from respiratory chain and reduce O 2 . This reduction yields O 2 ˙¯, which reacts with thiol groups, iron, and is rapidly metabolized into H 2 O 2 by mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2). To understand the potential systemic effects of the metabolic dilator, H 2 O 2 , we studied mice with cardiac specific SOD2 overexpression, which would increase the amount of H 2 O 2 produced by the heart. To determine if this enhanced production of H 2 O 2 results in a humoral action, i.e., systemic vasodilation, we first evaluated the effectiveness of SOD2 overexpression to effectively remove O 2 ˙¯ from the mitochondria (EPR). SOD2 transgenic mice produced less O 2 , and had lower redox activity. Mitochondria of SOD2‐tg (vs WT) had lower GSSG concentration (decreased by 37.2±4.5%, GSH/GSSG ratio was increased by 66.7±6.8%). EPR analysis of the isolated mitochondria showed significant decrease of semiquinone in the SOD2‐tg vs WT at the Q i site (by 69.4±9.9%), and a diminished complex I protein thiyl radical(s) in the mitochondria of SOD2‐tg. These results support a more reducing milieu in the mitochondria of the SOD2‐tg heart. Cardiac mitochondria isolated from SOD2‐tg exhibited no significant differences in the respiratory control index between WT and SOD2‐tg (6.30.3 vs. 5.70.5, p &gt;0.05). These results support the concept that the SOD2 overexpression is effective and results in increased production of H 2 O 2 . Moreover, arterial pressure was lower in the SOD2‐tg, but was normalized by iv injection of catalase, implying that the metabolic dilator, H 2 O 2 , “spilled” over inducing systemic vasodilation. In conclusion, SOD2 overexpression in myocytes triggers a more reductive milieu in murine heart enhancing the production of H 2 O 2 , which then acts as an endocrine dilator causing reductions in arterial pressure. Grant Funding Source : NIH RO1 HL083237
Synthesis of isothiocyanato-1-[1-(2-benzo[b]thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidines, potential irreversible ligands at the dopamine re-uptake site (1992)

Isomeric isothiocyanate derivatives 2–7 of the potent dopamine re-uptake (DA) inhibitor 1-[1-(2-benzo-[b]thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine (BTCP 1) have been synthesized as potential irreversible ligands for this site. NaNO2–CF3CO2H provided a mild procedure for mononitration of the benzo[b]thienyl ring of 1 as a route to aryl isothiocyanates 5–7. Novel methodology, utilizing 3,3-ethylenedioxypentane-1,5-diol dimethanesulfonate ester is described for the synthesis of piperidone 13, a precursor for 4-isothiocyanatopiperidine 2. NaBH4 or LiAlH4 reduction of 4-(2-benzo[b]thienyl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanone 18 and 4-(2-benzo[b]thienyl)-4-(piperidino)cyclohexanone oxime 35 gives the corresponding cis-diol 21 and cis-cyclohexane-1,4-diamine 36 as the major isomers which have been investigated as precursors to the cyclohexane ring isothiocyanates 3 and 4. Alternative routes to 3 and 4 are compared and their stereochemical outcome investigated.
Threshold-Voltage Control of AC Performance Degradation-Free FD SOI MOSFET With Extremely Thin BOX Using Variable Body-Factor Scheme (2007)

The bias scheme of the variable body-factor fully depleted (FD) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOSFET, which has been previously proposed, is reexamined. Using a new scheme, the inversion and accumulation on the substrate in the active state can be avoided, and thus, ac performance in the active state is not degraded even with extremely thin buried-oxide (BOX), owing to the depletion of the substrate. Moreover, subthreshold leakage can be sufficiently suppressed in the standby state, owing to extremely thin BOX. This scheme provides threshold-voltage adjustability for the suppression of interdie and within-die variation in the active state. This device scheme is also applicable to multichannel FD SOI MOSFETs including FinFETs with a low-aspect-ratio fin, where the back-bias scheme can be applied
Investigation on Preparation and Performance of High Ga CIGS Absorbers and Their Solar Cells (2023)

Tandem solar cells usually use a wide band gap absorber for top cell. The band gap of CuIn<sub>(1-x)</sub>Ga<sub>x</sub>Se<sub>2</sub> can be changed from 1.04 eV to 1.68 eV with the ratio of Ga/(In+Ga) from 0 to 1. When the ratio of Ga/(In+Ga) is over 0.7, the band gap of CIGS absorber is over 1.48 eV. CIGS absorber with a high Ga content is a possible candidate one for the top cell. In this work, CuInGa precursors were prepared by magnetron sputtering with CuIn and CuGa targets, and CIGS absorbers were prepared by selenization annealing. The Ga/(In+Ga) is changed by changing the thickness of CuIn and CuGa layers. Additionally, CIGS solar cells were prepared using CdS buffer layer. The effects of Ga content on CIGS thin film and CIGS solar cell were studied. The band gap was measured by PL and EQE. The results show that using structure of CuIn/CuGa precursors can make the band gap of CIGS present a gradient band gap, which can obtain a high open circuit voltage and high short circuit current of the device. With the decrease in Ga content, the efficiency of the solar cell increases gradually. Additionally, the highest efficiency of the CIGS solar cells is 11.58% when the ratio of Ga/(In+Ga) is 0.72. The value of Voc is 702 mV. CIGS with high Ga content shows a great potential for the top cell of the tandem solar cell.
Progressive Cardiac Dysfunction in Adriamycin-Induced Cardiomyopathy Rats (2000)

Cardiotoxicity is a limiting factor in the treatment of cancer with adriamycin. We administered adriamycin by a method which minimizes the risk of peritonitis in an adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy rat model. Sixty male Wistar rats were given 1 mg/kg of adriamycin intraperitoneally 15 times over a 3-week period (total dose, 15 mg/kg) to induce the cardiomyopathy model. Fifteen control rats received 10 ml/kg body wt. saline 15 times over 3 weeks. The animals were observed for 12 weeks and assessed for mortality, and cardiac volume and function was analyzed by echocardiography at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. In rats treated with adriamycin, the cumulative mortality was 35.8% while in the controls, none of the rats died. Left ventricular diameter of the systole (LVDs) was significantly increased at 4 weeks (4.5 vs. 3.3 mm; P<0.001). Left ventricular diameter of the diastole (LVDd) was significantly increased at 12 weeks (7.9 vs. 7.0 mm; P<0.01) and the % fractional shortening (FS) was significantly decreased at 8 weeks (33.4% vs. 50.0%; P<0.01) in the adriamycin-treated rats. This administration method appears to be useful for investigating the cardiac effect of adriamycin while avoiding the influence of peritonitis typically caused by an intraperitoneal injection of higher single doses of adriamycin.
Influência do sexo de indivíduos da mesma colônia no controle químico das populações do morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus (Phyllostomidae) no estado de São Paulo (2006)

Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram estudar a fidelidade ao abrigo diurno por indivíduos de ambos os sexos da espécie Desmodus rotundus e verificar a eficácia da ação da pasta vampiricida 2% na redução do tamanho de suas colônias no estado de São Paulo, por meio de estudo experimental de campo. Durante os anos de 1999 e 2000, 626 morcegos distribuídos em 12 abrigos foram capturados com redes-de-espera (armadas durante a noite) e marcados. Em seguida, 10% da população previamente estimada recebeu a pasta vampiricida. No Experimento I foram tratados apenas machos, no Experimento II apenas fêmeas e no Experimento III, 5% dos machos e 5% das fêmeas foram tratados. Após 5 e 10 dias, foram feitas contagens dos morcegos que sobreviveram e morreram. As fêmeas mostraram-se mais fiéis aos abrigos (p&lt;0,01) e melhores disseminadoras de pasta vampiricida (p&lt;0,01).
Identification of a bifunctional enzyme MnmC involved in the biosynthesis of a hypermodified uridine in thewobbleposition of tRNA (2004)

The gene encoding the bifunctional enzyme MnmC that catalyzes the two last steps in the biosynthesis of 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm5s2U) in tRNA has been previously mapped at about 50 min on the Escherichia coli K12 chromosome, but to date the identity of the corresponding enzyme has not been correlated with any of the known open reading frames (ORFs). Using the protein fold-recognition approach, we predicted that the 74-kDa product of the yfcK ORF located at 52.6 min and annotated as "putative peptidase" comprises a methyltransferase domain and a FAD-dependent oxidoreductase domain. We have cloned, expressed, and purified the YfcK protein and demonstrated that it catalyzes the formation of mnm5s2U in tRNA. Thus, we suggest to rename YfcK as MnmC.