gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RAPID DEPRESSURIZATIONS: CAN THEY LEAD TO IRREVERSIBLE DAMAGE? (2012)

Rapid gas depressurization leads to gas cooling that is followed by slow gas warming when the cavern is kept idle. The decrease in the temperature of gas depends upon the relative withdrawal rate (in %/day), and cavern size and shape. Gas cooling may result in the onset of tensile stresses at cavern walls and roofs that may generate fractures or cracks. However, in most cases, the depth of penetration of these fractures is small, and they are perpendicular to the cavern wall. The distance between two parallel fractures becomes larger when fractures penetrate deeper into the rock mass, as some fractures stop growing. Fractures form a polygonal pattern. Salt slabs are created, with boundaries formed by the opened fractures. As long as the depth of penetration of the fracture remains small, these slabs remain strongly bonded to the rock mass, and it is believed that, in many cases, their weights are not large enough to allow them to break off the cavern wall. Key words: Rock mechanics, thermo elasticity, fractures 1.
Domain-Specific Anti-IgE Antibodies Interfere with IgE Binding to FcεRII (1994)

Human anti-IgE autoantibodies have been identified and implicated in the regulation of IgE-mediated reactions and IgE synthesis. In order to study the potential regulatory role of anti-IgE antibodies on IgE binding to the Fc epsilon RII we used a panel of IgE-specific monoclonal antibodies that were mapped by Western blotting against a series of recombinant epsilon domain peptides. Antibodies specific for all epsilon domains were detected except those against C epsilon H1. Using a competitive inhibition cell-binding assay on Fc epsilon RII + 8866 cells, we identified two major patterns of anti-IgE activity. Antibodies specific for the C epsilon H3 domain removed IgE whereas those specific for the C epsilon H2 domain enhanced IgE binding to the Fc epsilon RII. The anti-C epsilon H2 antibodies, in contrast to the anti-C epsilon H3 antibodies, could not dissociate cell-bound IgE from the Fc epsilon RII. Using preformed immune complexes of IgE and anti-IgE antibodies, it was clear that the anti-C epsilon H2 antibodies bound more IgE to the Fc epsilon RII by addition of immune complexes to the cell surface. Our results suggest that the opposing actions of either inhibition or enhancement of IgE binding by anti-IgE antibodies are related to their epsilon domain specificity.
THE USE OF MEDIAN STERNOTOMY AND TRACHEOSTOMY IN TOTAL HEART REPLACEMENT WITH DUAL CONTINUOUS FLOW PUMPS: A PILOT EXPERIMENTAL STUDY (2006)

Purpose: To continue to improve our novel technique of total heart replacement with dual continuous flow pumps, we used a median sternotomy instead of a left thoracotomy and performed a routine intraoperative tracheostomy to provide better ventilatory support during early postoperative recovery in the bovine model. Methods: Dual continuous flow pumps were implanted according to a previously described technique in two calves via a median sternotomy. A concomitant tracheostomy was performed with a size-10 tracheostomy cannula. The sternotomy was closed with a sternal cable system (Pioneer®; Pioneer Surgical Technology, Marquette, Mich.), and the animals were transported to the intensive care unit.. Results: The calves recovered well from the anesthesia. No sternal dehiscence, respiratory distress, pain, or bleeding was observed. The tracheostomy allowed the animals to eat, drink, stand, and move about while being supported by the ventilator. Conclusions: The median sternotomy allowed better surgical exposure and facilitated dual pump placement without complications. The concomitant tracheostomy was well tolerated. By avoiding long-term intubation. which requires sedation, the tracheostomy averted numerous other problems such as lack of ability for a ruminant to eat, drink, and stand soon after surgery.
Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). XI. Proximity Zone Analysis for Faint Quasar Spectra at z ∼ 6 (2020)

Abstract We present measurements of the size of the quasar proximity zone ( R p ) for 11 low-luminosity ( ) quasars at z ∼ 6, discovered by the Subaru High- z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars project. Our faint quasar sample expands the R p measurement down to mag, where more common quasar populations dominate at the epoch. We restrict the sample to quasars whose systemic redshifts have been precisely measured by [C ii ] 158 μ m or Mg ii λ 2798 emission lines. We also update the R p measurements for 26 luminous quasars presented in Eilers et al. by using the latest systemic redshift results. The luminosity dependence on R p is found to be consistent with the theoretical prediction assuming a highly ionized intergalactic medium. We find a shallow redshift evolution of the luminosity-corrected R p , ( ) over . This trend is steeper than that of Eilers et al., but significantly shallower than those of the earlier studies. Our results suggest that R p ,corr is insensitive to the neutral fraction of the universe at z ∼ 6. Four quasars show exceptionally small ( proper Mpc), which could be the result of their young age (&lt;10 4 yr) in the reionization epoch, though statistics on this are still scarce.
Polyclonal and monoclonal anti-CEA antibodies in immunolocalization of colorectal cancer. (1986)

Antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) from sheep and monkey were immunoadsorbent purified. Mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) anti-CEA I-38S1 and Fab fragments of this antibody were prepared from mouse ascitic fluid. The IgG preparations were labelled with 123I or 131I, the Fab fragments with 131I. The antibody reactivity was unchanged after labelling. Patients with advanced colorectal carcinomas received an intravenous injection of 50-200 MBq 123I or 30-160 MBq 131I coupled to 250-500 micrograms antibody or antibody fragment. Patient examinations were performed using emission tomography (SPECT) and/or conventional gamma camera scintigraphy. The specific localization of labelled anti-CEA to tumor was compared to known tumor localized by CAT-scan, other x-ray methods or laparotomy, 50% of known tumors were accurately localized with sheep anti-CEA. In contrast, 70-80% of known tumor sites were correctly localized with polyclonal monkey anti-CEA antibodies, with monoclonal anti-CEA antibodies or with Fab fragments of the latter. A few previously unknown tumors were detected.
Photolumniscence/Fluorescence Spectroscopic Technique for Nanomaterials Characterizations (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Application of Photoluminescence Spectroscopy in the Characterizations of Nanomaterials Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy of Nanomaterials Time-Resolved Photoluminescence Spectroscopy of Nanomaterials References
Hepatitis B viral antigenic structure: signature analysis by monoclonal radioimmunoassays. (1984)

An approach has been developed for the analysis of hepatitis B viral (HBV) antigenic structure that creates numerical "signatures" of HBV strains. This technique employs high-affinity IgM and IgG monoclonal antibodies (anti-HBsAg) directed toward distinct and separate determinants on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Such antibodies have been used to develop sensitive and specific radioimmuno-assays for measurement of HBsAg-associated determinants in serum. In performing "signature" analysis separate binding curves for each monoclonal anti-HBsAg are generated by measuring immunoreactivity in serial dilutions of HBsAg-positive serum. Since the HBsAg concentration in serum is unknown, the binding profiles of groups of samples from the same "classic" HBV subtype are aligned by an iterative maximum likelihood procedure to give the numerical signature of that HBV subtype. By using this approach, HBsAg shows far more antigenic heterogeneity than previously recognized by polyvalent anti-HBsAg antibodies. Indeed, there are subgroups within the classic HBsAg subtypes. In addition, the a domain (common to all known subtypes or strains of HBV) has been shown to be multideterminant. Thus, these studies have demonstrated heretofore unrecognized differences in HBV subtypes. This approach also has broader significance for the study of subtle or major antigenic changes among other viral agents since it is not necessary to know the concentration of virus or viral protein in complex protein mixtures.
The adduct formed between dimethylcadmium and 2,2'-bipyridyl, 2,2'-bipyridyldimethylcadmium(II): a crystallographic and spectroscopic study (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe adduct formed between dimethylcadmium and 2,2'-bipyridyl, 2,2'-bipyridyldimethylcadmium(II): a crystallographic and spectroscopic studyMatthew J. Almond, Michael P. Beer, Michael G. B. Drew, and David A. RiceCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 6, 2072–2076Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00052a066https://doi.org/10.1021/om00052a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Large, Male Germ Cell-Specific Hypomethylated DNA Domains With Unique Genomic and Epigenomic Features on the Mouse X Chromosome (2013)

To understand the epigenetic regulation required for germ cell-specific gene expression in the mouse, we analysed DNA methylation profiles of developing germ cells using a microarray-based assay adapted for a small number of cells. The analysis revealed differentially methylated sites between cell types tested. Here, we focused on a group of genomic sequences hypomethylated specifically in germline cells as candidate regions involved in the epigenetic regulation of germline gene expression. These hypomethylated sequences tend to be clustered, forming large (10 kb to ~9 Mb) genomic domains, particularly on the X chromosome of male germ cells. Most of these regions, designated here as large hypomethylated domains (LoDs), correspond to segmentally duplicated regions that contain gene families showing germ cell- or testis-specific expression, including cancer testis antigen genes. We found an inverse correlation between DNA methylation level and expression of genes in these domains. Most LoDs appear to be enriched with H3 lysine 9 dimethylation, usually regarded as a repressive histone modification, although some LoD genes can be expressed in male germ cells. It thus appears that such a unique epigenomic state associated with the LoDs may constitute a basis for the specific expression of genes contained in these genomic domains.
Exposure to anti‐PD‐1 causes functional differences in tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in rare solid tumors (2019)

The pervasive use of therapeutic antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) to boost anti-tumor immunity has positioned this approach to become the standard-of-care for some solid tumor malignancies. However, little is known as to how blockade of PD-1 may alter the function or phenotype of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). We used our ongoing Phase II clinical trial of pembrolizumab for patients with rare solid tumors from various types (NCT02721732) with matched core biopsies taken at baseline and after initial dose of anti-PD-1 (15-21 days post-dose) to elucidate this question. One fresh core needle biopsy was used to propagate TIL ex vivo to analyze phenotype and function using flow cytometry in both CD8<sup>+</sup> and CD4<sup>+</sup> TIL populations. An enriched CTLA-4 expression in the CD4<sup>+</sup> TIL population was observed in TIL expanded from the on-treatment samples compared to TIL expanded from the matched baseline (n = 22, p = 0.0007) but was not observed in patients who experienced tumor regression. Impact on functionality was evaluated by measuring secretion of 65 soluble factors by expanded TIL from 26 patients at baseline and on-treatment. The CD8<sup>+</sup> TIL population demonstrated a diminished cytokine secretion profile post-pembrolizumab. Overall, our study assesses the ramifications of one dose of anti-PD-1 on TIL in rare solid tumor types.
Reflectance Reduction in a Whiskered SOI Star Coupler (2016)

In this letter, we evaluate how the background noise is modified within a whiskered-shaped star coupler, optimized to reduce the reflectivity of its internal surfaces to reduce the back-scattered light. This letter is carried out by analyzing the Fabry-Perot interference due to the reflections between the input focal plane of the star coupler and the output facet of the waveguides. By comparing a whiskered star coupler with a standard one, we find a reduction in the star coupler reflectance of more than one order of magnitude. The experimental results are supported by a theoretical model and by numerical simulations.
Interspecific discovery and expression profiling of Eucalyptusmicro RNAs by deep sequencing (2011)

Background Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small (~21 nucleotide) non-coding RNAs that recently gained much attention due to their perceived role as master regulators of gene expression in Eukaryotes, responsible for fine tuning gene expression regulation and, in plants, has been shown to be involved in a diverse range of biological processes such as plant development and architecture, flowering, cell differentiation and response to biotic and abiotic stresses [1]. The repertoire of expressed miRNAs differs among cell types, tissues, development, environmental condition, etc [2]. Notwithstanding, the exact function of thousands miRNAs sequences present in miRBase [http://www.mirbase.org/] is not elucidated. At this point, discovery and profiling of new and conserved miRNAs are critical in the attempt to understand their function and mechanism. Deep sequencing through next generation sequencing is the methodology of choice for this purpose as its ultra high throughput permits a comprehensive interrogation of the small RNA transcriptome, permitting de novo identification and relative quantification of different small RNA species [3]. Due to its economic importance the Eucalyptus grandis genome has been sequenced by JGI and the annotation of miRNAs is pivotal. In order to provide the first large scale experimental characterization of Eucalyptus miRNAs we performed an Illumina deep sequencing run that allowed us to discover and quantify the miRNA levels in two different tissues – xylem and leaves. Additionally, to get insights of the observed phenotypic differences in wood quality among Eucalyptus species, we characterized the xylem small RNA transcriptome of two different E. globulus individuals and
Real-Time Determination of Filtrate Contamination During Openhole Wireline Sampling by Optical Spectroscopy (2000)

Abstract The key objectives of openhole wireline sampling are to identify desired fluids and to collect representative formation samples. Optical methods such as visible – near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) are used to identify and quantify mixed oil, water, and gas flows in-situ during wireline logging. In wells drilled with oil based muds (OBM) or synthetic based muds (SBM), differentiating crude oil from the filtrate base fluid is critical. The widely used current practice is to measure the increase in fluid coloration (by NIR) vs. time to qualitatively assess the increasing fraction of crude oil with pumping time. Here, we describe new methods of utilizing NIR log data to provide quantitatively during sampling the %-OBM contamination in the extracted fluid. In addition, these methods allow prediction of contamination at future times during the sampling job, thereby determining the effectiveness of further pumping. The significant improvement in sampling efficiency is demonstrated with several log examples. Finally, using our methods, mud performance in the downhole environment can be monitored and optimized in subsequent jobs.
Unveiling SSHCure 3.0: Flow-based SSH Compromise Detection (2015)

Network-based intrusion detection systems have always been designed to report on the presence of attacks. Due to the sheer and ever-increasing number of attacks on the Internet, Computer Security Incident Response Teams (CSIRTs) are overwhelmed with attack reports. For that reason, there is a need for the detection of compromises rather than compromise attempts, since those incidents are the ones that have to be taken care of. In previous works, we have demonstrated and validated our state-of-the-art compromise detection algorithm that works on exported flow data, i.e, data exported using NetFlow or IPFIX. The detection algorithm has been implemented as part of our open-source intrusion detection system SSHCure. In this demonstration, we showcase the latest release of SSHCure, which includes many new features, such as an overhauled user interface design based on user surveys, integration with incident reporting tools, blacklist integration and IPv6 support. Attendees will be able to explore SSHCure in a semi-live fashion by means of practical examples of situations that CSIRT members encounter in their daily activities.
Multiplexing Difference in Epilepsy under sleep and wakefulness condition (2020)

Epilepsy is a fatal brain disease which affects nervous system and even partial epilepsy involves in global changes around the brain. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals records the post-synaptic potentials of hundreds of neurons in the brain, which contains multiple source regions and offers subjective representation of brain condition. Complex network and graph theory are adopted for quantitative measurement exploitation. In this paper, patients with double temporal lobe epilepsy (dTLE) are enrolled and their EEG signals under sleep as well as awake condition are recorded. In order to detect functional connectivity, phase locking value (PLV) is brought in for measuring narrow-band interactions. Then the consensus clustering algorithm is implemented to separate individual nodes and dominant sets for discovering representative modular structure. Experimental results demonstrate that the cohesion in community member becomes tighter in dTLE group than controls. What's more, delta band, alpha band and lower gamma band renders alterations according to the variation of information analysis on subgraph distance. These results indicate that modular structure discovery and quantifications offers another choice of biomarkers for epilepsy in clinical diagnosis.
The Evaluating and Quantizing of Human Factors at Workplace (2011)

This paper is focused on the human factors and assessment methods at workplace firstly. Then the human factors are analysed and evaluated to quantized by Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy method. On that basis, the multicriteria quantizing model is build, at last the human factors at piston production line as an example is given. According to the result of model, it provides a scientific evidence to make the human factors in difference processes perfect: improving operating efficiency, optimizing working posture.
Formally verified software in the real world (2018)

Verified software secures the Unmanned Little Bird autonomous helicopter against mid-flight cyber attacks.
Generation of Multi-mode Vortex Electromagnetic Waves Based on Helical Antenna (2018)

In this paper, we present a novel and a practical method to generate multi-mode orbital angular momentum (OAM). The OAM modes of l=1, 2, 3, 4 can be generated at 2.5GHz by using four helical antennas arranged like concentric circles which is called the helical antenna array (HAA). To prove the generation of the OAM waves further and evaluate the quality of OAM modes, the purity of each mode is calculated by the Fourier transform at 2.5GHz. As a result, the purity of four modes is all above 65%. The generation of OAM waves is very important for the application of OAM in the field of radio frequency. And the generation of multi-mode OAM waves also lays a foundation for the multiplexing of vortex waves.
Dual but not single PD-1 or TIM-3 blockade enhances oncolytic virotherapy in refractory lung cancer (2020)

While systemic administration of oVV shows efficacy in lung cancer by killing tumor cells directly and recruiting and activating T cells for indirect tumor killing, its induction of PD-1 and TIM-3 on T cells and PD-1 and TIM-3 ligands on tumors and tumor-associated immune cells as well as mutual induction of PD-1 or TIM-3 on T cells by their blockade restricts the efficacy of oVV or its combination with single PD-1 or TIM-3 blockade. The triple combination therapy is more effective for refractory lung cancer, and possibly other cold cancers as well.
DEHYDRATION OF THREONINE ESTERS DURING TOSYLATION (2001)

Tosylation of N-α-protected threonine methyl-and benzyl esters was investigated. Depending on the protecting groups, the composition of the reaction mixtures showed different ratio between O-tosyl-and dehydrothreonine derivatives. The latter was formed exclusively in case of N-α-Fmoc-threonine benzyl ester.
Automatic Online Calibration of Cameras and Lasers (2013)

The combined use of 3D scanning lasers with 2D cameras has become increasingly popular in mobile robotics, as the sparse depth measurements of the former augment the dense color information of the latter. Sensor fusion requires precise 6-DOF transforms between the sensors, but hand-measuring these values is tedious and inaccurate. In addition, autonomous robots can be rendered inoperable if their sensors' calibrations change over time. Yet previously published camera-laser calibration algorithms are offline only, requiring significant amounts of data and/or specific calibration targets; they are thus unable to correct calibration errors that occur during live operation.