gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal-based Versus Nonlinear Model-based Damage Sensitive Features for Delamination Quantification in CFRP Composites (2017)

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is an emerging technology designed to automate the inspection process undertaken to assess the health condition of structures. The SHM process is classically decomposed into four sequential steps: detection, localization, classification, and quantification. In this paper, SHM quantification step is addressed. Particularly, we approach delamination quantification as a classification problem whereby each class corresponds to a certain damage extent. Starting from the assumption that damage causes a structure to exhibit nonlinear response, we investigate whether the use of nonlinear model based features increases classification performance. A support Vector Machine (SVM) is used to perform multi-class classification task. Two types of features are used to feed the SVM algorithm: Signal Based Features (SBF) and Nonlinear Model Based Features (NMBF). SBF are rooted in a direct use of response signals and do not consider any underlying model of the test structure. NMBF are computed based on parallel Hammerstein models which are identified with an Exponential Sine Sweep (ESS) signal. Dimensionality reduction of features vector using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is also carried out in order to find out if it allows robustifying the quantification process suggested in this work. Experimental results on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composite plates equipped with piezoelectric elements and containing various delamination severities are considered for demonstration. Delamination-type damage is introduced into samples in a calibrated way using Laser Shock Wave Technique (LSWT) and more particularly symmetrical laser shock configuration. LSWT is chosen as an alternative to conventional damage generation techniques such as conventional impacts and Teflon inserts since it allows for a better calibration of damage in type, depth and size. Results show that by introducing NMBF, classification performance is improved. Furthermore, PCA allows for higher recognition rates while reducing features vector dimension.
Qualified Dublin Core and the Scholarly Works Application Profile: A Practical Comparison (2014)

This paper explores the notion that records created with the Scholarly Works Application Profile will be more accurate and better suited for academia than those created with Qualified Dublin Core. This is accomplished by comparing and contrasting records of scholarly articles created with Qualified Dublin Core and records for the same documents created with the Scholarly Works Application Profile. After this practical comparison, the ultimate conclusion reached is that creating records for scholarly works with SWAP is much easier than with QDC, and that the records themselves are indeed better designed for academia.
Content Analysis for Acoustic Environment Classification in Mobile Robots. (2006)

We consider the task of recognizing and learning the environments for mobile robot using audio information. Environments are mainly characterized by different types of specific sounds. Using audio enables the system to capture a semantically richer environment, as compared to using visual information alone. The goal of this paper is to investigate suitable features and the design feasibility of an acoustic environment recognition system. We performed statistical analysis of promising frequency- and timedomain based audio features. We show that even from unstructured environmental sounds, we can predict with fairly accurate results the type of environment that the robot is positioned.
CORRECTIVE SONIC FEEDBACK FOR SPEED SKATING: A CASE STUDY (2010)

We present a system that provides real-time audio feedback to athletes performing repetitive, periodic movements. The system synchronizes the temporal signal from a sensor placed on the athletes body with a model signal. The audio feedback tells the athlete how well they are synchronized with the model, and whether or not they are deviating from the model at critical points in the periodic motion. Because the feedback is continuous and in real-time, the athlete is able to correct their motion in response to the sounds they hear. The system uses simple, inexpensive instrumentation (the entire system costs less than $500) and avoids the uses of expensive and inconvenient motion capture systems. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the system with a case study featuring a speed skater that had developed a significant anomaly in his technique. 1.
Dual‐Responsive Breakdown of Nanostructures with High Doxorubicin Payload for Apoptotic Anticancer Therapy (2012)

Self-assembled nanoaggregates co-encapsulating doxorubicin (DOX) and oligonucleotide are prepared for dual-responsive breakdown of the nanostructure with complete disappearance characteristics. Four-arm poly(ethylene glycol) is co-conjugated with DOX and anti-bcl-2 oligonucleotide with reducible linkers and acid-cleavable linkers, respectively. The conjugate is hydrophobically self-assembled into nanoaggregates in aqueous solution. Elemental scanning of the nanoaggregates reveals their core-shell structure with DOX and oligonucleotide located at the core and the shell, respectively. The tracking of size modulation suggests the complete disappearance of the particles under reducing conditions and the liberation of oligonucleotide at low pH, which is confirmed by dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. The release of DOX and oligonucleotide is controlled by the pH and the reducing potential of the medium, and most of the drug and DNA are released in 24 h. The released fractions are analyzed by reversed-phase chromatography, which indicates facile cleavage of DOX and oligonucleotide from the carriers. The nanoaggregates with both DOX and oligonucleotide show the lowest IC(50) value when a cytotoxicity assay is performed against A549 cells. Apoptosis assay also confirms that cells treated with the nanoaggregates having both DOX and oligonucleotide show higher fluorescence intensity of antiapoptotic antibody than native DOX.
METABOLIC OXIDATIVE STRESS AND LOW DOSE RADIATION RESPONSES: ARE MITOCHONDRIA INVOLVED? (2011)

* Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA. For correspondence contact Doug Spitz at the above address, or email at [email protected]. (Manuscript accepted 23 November 2010)
The Homograft Tympanic Membrane after 12 Years (1982)

The homograft tympanic membrane has been utilized in reconstructive middle ear surgery since 1968. Previous reports describing its preservation and use were published in 1971, 1972, 1976 and 1978. Throughout this time the same preservative of 70% ethyl alcohol and the same surgical technique of covering the transplant with canal skin or fascia has been employed. These transplants have been used to supplement, not replace, other grafting tissues, and to improve the graft-take rate and hearing results. The graft-take rate has averaged over 90% for the past 12 year and 98% for the past 5 years. The hearing results have been satisfactory in 69 to 95% of the cases depending on the associated ossicular reconstruction. Furthermore these results have been consistent and have not deteriorated with the passage of time.
Autonomic Orchestration of Containers: Problem Definition and Research Challenges (2017)

Today, a new technology is going to change the way cloud platforms are designed and managed. This technology is called container. A container is a software environment where to install an application or application component and all the library dependencies, the binaries, and a basic configuration n
Convolutional Gate Recurrent Unit for Video Facial Expression Recognition in the Wild (2019)

It has been a hot topic on facial expression recognition these decades. However, previous works related to facial expression recognition mainly focus on constrained environments, which leads to limited application of these studies. In this work, we propose a new CNN-RNN paradigm for the video-based task of facial expression recognition in the wild. We firstly use VGG16 to extract feature of each frame in videos and employ convolutional GRU to encode motion feature. Fully-connected GRU obliges to input vectors at the expense of ignoring local connectivity of feature map acquired by CNN. Consequently, we replace widely used fully-connected GRU with convolutional GRU in video facial expression recognition in the wild. Experiments on AFEW reveal benefit of convolutional GRU and achieve competitive results on single network in video facial expression recognition in the wild.
ADAM17 upregulation in human renal disease: a role in modulating TGF-α availability? (2009)

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)17 sheds growth factors from the cell membrane, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha. In mice, angiotensin II infusion induces renal fibrosis via ADAM17-mediated TGF-alpha shedding and subsequent EGFR activation. Pharmacological ADAM17 inhibition reduced renal fibrotic lesions and improved renal function, positioning ADAM17 as a promising target of intervention in renal disease. We studied ADAM17 expression in the human kidney. ADAM17 mRNA was constitutively expressed in normal adult kidneys, with highest expression in distal tubules. In human renal disease, ADAM17 was de novo expressed in proximal tubules, peritubular capillaries, and glomerular mesangium and upregulated in podocytes. Glomerular mesangial and endothelial ADAM17 were associated with mesangial matrix expansion, focal glomerulosclerosis, and glomerular macrophage infiltration (P < 0.01). Peritubular capillary and proximal tubular ADAM17 were associated with interstitial fibrosis and interstitial macrophage infiltration (P < 0.05). Both glomerular and interstitial ADAM17 were associated with decreased renal function (P < 0.05). In renal fibrosis, ADAM17 colocalized with TGF-alpha. Moreover, in cultured human podocytes and proximal tubular cells, pharmacological ADAM17 inhibition reduced constitutive TGF-alpha shedding by 78% (P < 0.005) and 100% (P < 0.05), respectively, and phorbol ester-induced TGF-alpha shedding by 84% (P < 0.005) and 92% (P = 0.005), respectively. Finally, ADAM17 inhibition reduced cellular proliferation. In conclusion, the ADAM17 expression pattern and its role in shedding TGF-alpha from cultured human kidney cells suggest a role in the development of fibrosis. Since EGFR signaling is implicated in renal fibrosis, targeting ADAM17 to reduce availability of EGFR ligand TGF-alpha may represent a promising way of intervention in human renal disease.
A long, nontranslatable poly(A) RNA stored in the egg of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. (1988)

Nontranslatable transcripts containing interspersed repetitive sequence elements constitute a major fraction of the poly(A) RNA stored in the cytoplasm of both the sea urchin egg and the amphibian oocyte. We report the first complete sequence of a representative interspersed maternal RNA transcript, called ISp1. The transcript is about 3.7 kb in length [including poly(A) tail]; and the 5' half consists of a cluster of repetitive sequences, whereas the 3' half is single copy. Other repetitive sequences occur in the 5' and 3' regions flanking the transcription unit. In several cloned alleles, the flanking repetitive and single-copy sequences differ, indicating a high degree of insertional and deletional rearrangement around, as well as within, the transcription unit. No significant open reading frames exist in any region of the ISp1 transcript, nor is it spliced to give rise to translatable mRNA in egg or embryo. A 620-nucleotide repetitive sequence element at the 5' end of the ISp1 transcript is also represented in a large number of other long interspersed maternal poly(A) RNAs. In addition, this sequence appears in a prevalent set of small polyadenylated RNAs about 600-nucleotides in length, which disappear almost completely by the gastrula stage of development. The structural features of the ISp1 RNA uncovered in this work exclude several hypotheses of interspersed maternal poly(A) RNA origin and function.
Structure of the Blood Brain Barrier and its Role in the Transporters for theMovement of Substrates across the Barriers (2023)

For the brain to operate normally and to develop with structural integrity in addition to neuronal function, blood-brain barrier present in brain capillaries serves as a vital barrier mechanism. In addition to the transport barrier created by membranes, transporters, and vesicular processes, the structure and function of the BBB are summarised. The physical barrier is created by endothelial tight junctions. The permeability and transport of molecules between extracellular fluid and plasma are constrained by the presence of tight junctions between neighbouring endothelial cells. Each solute must pass through both membranes in the luminal and abluminal divisions. The functions of the neurovascular unit are described, with special emphasis on the pericytes, microglia, and astrocyte endfeet. The luminal membrane contains five separate facilitative transport mechanisms, each of which is exclusive to a few substrates. Nevertheless, the import of big-branched and aromatic neutral amino acids is facilitated by two key carriers (System L and y+) in the plasma membrane. It is asymmetrically present in both membranes. The sodium pump Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase is highly expressed in the abluminal membrane, where many Na<sup>+</sup> dependent transport mechanisms move amino acids against its concentration gradient. The trojan horse strategy, which uses molecular tools to bind the medication and its formulations, is also preferred in drug delivery. The BBB's cellular structure, the transport systems unique to each substrate, and the necessity to identify transporters with changes that assist the transfer of various medications have all been changed in the current work. Nevertheless, to rule out the BBB passage for the new class of neuroactive medications, the mixing of traditional pharmacology and nanotechnology needs to be focused on outcomes that show promise.
The Possible Mechanism of Action of Ciclopirox Olamine in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2003)

Ciclopirox olamine is a synthetic antifungal agent with a high affinity for trivalent metal cations. Ciclopirox olamine can be used to synchronize mammalian cells, but its mechanism of action is not understood well. In this study, we investigated the effect of ciclopirox olamine in yeast cells and used a genetic approach to identify potential ciclopirox olamine targets in yeast. Wild type strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were weakly sensitive to ciclopirox olamine, but high concentrations of the drug arrested their growth at many different stages. MMS-mutagenized yeast clones were screened for increased sensitivity to ciclopirox olamine. Fourteen mutants, cos101-cos114, were identified and characterized. The targets of ciclopirox olamine in S. cerevisiae appear to include multiple proteins that participate in various components of cellular metabolism, including DNA replication, DNA repair, and cellular transport. Three genes were cloned: a Fe/Cu reductase (FRE1/COS107), an oxidative stress response gene (YAP1/COS110), and a gene involved in signal transduction (YBR203W/COS111). These results suggest that CPO inhibits multiple aspects of cell growth and metabolism, possibly via multiple targets.
Design of a high-numerical-aperture miniature microscope objective for an endoscopic fiber confocal reflectance microscope (2002)

An endoscopic confocal microscope requires a high-performance, miniaturized microscope objective. We present the design of a miniature water-immersion microscope objective that is approximately 10 times smaller in length than a typical commercial objective. The miniature objective is 7 mm in outer diameter and 21 mm in length (from object to image). It is used in a fiber confocal reflectance microscope. The miniature microscope objective has a numerical aperture of 1.0, a field of view of 250 microm, and a working distance of 450 microm. It delivers diffraction-limited performance at lambda = 1064 nm. Micrometer-level resolution has been experimentally demonstrated.
Exploring the Effect of Sn Addition to Supported Au Nanoparticles on Reducible/Non-Reducible Metal Oxides Supports for Alkane Oxidation (2023)

Acetone-stabilized Au- and Sn-solvated metal atoms (SMAs) were used as to obtain Au- and AuSn-supported catalysts by simple impregnation on a reducible (TiO2) and a non-reducible (Al2O3) metal-oxide. Their catalytic behaviour was investigated for cyclohexane oxidation to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone (KA oil), and their morphological and physical properties were studied by TEM, STEM-EDS and 119Sn-Mössbauer spectroscopy. The catalytic results firstly demonstrated that the bare supports played a role on the reaction mechanism, slowing down the formation of the oxidation products and directing the radical formation. Hereinafter, the comparison between the monometallic Au-supported catalysts and the corresponding bimetallic Au-Sn catalysts allowed for the understanding of the potential role of Sn. 119Sn-Mössbauer characterization analyses showed the presence of SnO2, which was recognized to favour the electrons’ exchange to form radicals, interacting with oxygen. Such interaction, in particular, could be favoured by the co-presence of Au. Moreover, the same metal composition on the catalyst surface resulted in a different catalytic behaviour depending on the support.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Glucosidase Inhibitors with a Phthalimide Skeleton: Structure—Activity Relationship Study. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Head Tracking Method Using Bird's-Eye View Camera and Gyroscope (2005)

This paper describes a new head tracking method utilizing a gyroscope mounted on a head-mounted display (HMD) and a bird's-eye view camera that observes the HMD from a fixed third-person viewpoint. Furthermore, we propose an extension of this method to hybrid registration, combining it with user's view cameras. The HMD is equipped with a gyroscope and a marker. The gyroscope measures the orientation of the user s view camera so that the number of pose parameters to be solved can be reduced. The other parameters are to be estimated by the bird's-eye view camera that observes the marker. This method is an improvement over the conventional outside-in-style vision-based tracker method, which only uses visual information. Hence, it can be thought of as an alternative to a physical head tracker such as a magnetic sensor and to an inside-out-style vision-based tracker. In addition to theoretical discussions, this paper demonstrates the effectiveness of our methods by experiments. We also propose methods for calibrating the gyroscope and the marker on HMD, which are essential in implementing the tracking method.
Phase 1 trial of transforming growth factor beta 2 in chronic progressive MS (1998)

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta2 is a pleiotropic cytokine associated with remissions in multiple sclerosis (MS) and amelioration of allergic encephalomyelitis. We assessed the safety of TGF-beta2 in an open-label trial of 11 patients with secondary progressive (SP) MS. Five patients had a reversible decline in the glomerular filtration rate. There was no change in expanded disability status scale or MRI lesions during treatment. Systemic TGF-beta2 may be associated with reversible nephrotoxicity, and further investigation of its therapeutic potential in MS should be performed with caution.
Effect of a Metal Plate in the Coil-type High Frequency Titrimeter (1954)

In the type of a high frequency oscillator (Fig. 1), where a sample is inserted into the coil, it was found that the placement of a copper plate (designated as S-plate, shown as a long line in Fig. 2) at one end of the coil generally resulted in the increased sensitivity and disappearance of the maximum and minimum ordinarily observed on the concentration-current curve and was replaced by the curves shown in Fig. 3 (b, c, d, e) and Fig. 7 (the descending phenomenon of the curve that occurs at around 5-6 N is due to the fall of conductivity) (cycle, ca. 20 megacycles). When the size ratio of the coil, S-plate, and beaker is varied, the curve becomes such as shown in Fig. 7. This effect of the S-plate was explained theoretically by the use of a simplified equivalence circuit shown in Fig. 5, the relationship shown in Table I, and equations (1) and (2) given in the main text. The inverted phenomena of titration curves and impossibility of titration, was often observed by changing the concentration, were distinctly eliminated by the use of the S-plate (see Fig. 11).
Flow behavior in a corotating twin‐screw extruder of pure polymers and blends: Characterization by fluorescence monitoring technique (2010)

Abstract The objective of this work was to investigate the flow behavior of pure polymers and blends, especially miscible polymer/polymer systems, in a corotating twin‐screw extruder (TSE) using an online fluorescence monitoring device. An immiscible blend was also studied for the sake of comparison. The fluorescence signal was obtained by using synthesized fluorescence tracers added to the melt at very low concentrations. These tracers consisted of two styrene‐maleic anhydride copolymers (SMA) labeled with anthracene. The investigated blends were SMA8 (8 wt % of MA in SMA)/polystyrene (PS), SMA14 (14 wt % of MA in SMA)/styrene acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/ethyl acrylate‐methyl methacrylate copolymer (PMMAEA). The residence time distribution (RTD), the mean residence time ( t ), the dimensionless variance (σ θ 2 ), the Peclet number ( Pe ) and the fluorescence peak intensity distribution of pure polymers and binary polymer systems were investigated and interpreted in terms of polymers rheological properties. It was observed that polymers presenting higher viscosity or higher pressure showed longer residence time. A difference in behavior was also observed for the RTD of miscible and immiscible blends. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011