gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design strategies for optimizing holographic optical tweezers set-ups (2007)

We provide a detailed account of the construction of a system of holographic optical tweezers. While much information is available on the design, alignment and calibration of other optical trapping configurations, those based on holography are relatively poorly described. Inclusion of a spatial light modulator in the setup gives rise to particular design trade-offs and constraints, and the system benefits from specific optimization strategies, which we discuss.
Static Quadrupole Moment of the Ground State ofCr53Determined by Coulomb Excitation (1973)

In order to compare the reorientation-effect technique with traditional measurements the static quadrupole moment of the ${\frac{3}{2}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ground state of $^{53}\mathrm{Cr}$ has been determined. Thin foils (100-150 \ensuremath{\mu}g/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$) of enriched $^{53}\mathrm{Cr}$ were bombarded by 55- and 59-MeV $^{32}\mathrm{S}$ projectiles from the Purdue University tandem accelerator. The relative excitation probability of the 0.564-MeV spin ${\mathrm{\textonehalf{}}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ first excited state was measured as a function of projectile scattering angle with a particle-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray coincidence technique. From these data and with the aid of the Winther-de Boer multiple-Coulomb-excitation program the static quadrupole moment of the ${\frac{3}{2}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ground state was determined to be $Q=+0.04\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07$ b. Contributions to the excitation probability of the ${\mathrm{\textonehalf{}}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ state via the ${\frac{5}{2}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ second excited state are assumed to be negligible. This value of $Q$ is in agreement with the value $|Q|=0.026$ b determined from NMR data by Artman. This agreement strongly suggests that the reorientation effect is the dominant higher-order process which appreciably contributes to the excitation probability of the first excited state of $^{53}\mathrm{Cr}$.
Positioning and tracking control system analysis for mobile free space optical network (2005)

Free Space Optical (FSO) communication has evolved to be applied to the mobile network, because it can provide up to 2.5Gbps or higher data rate wireless communication. One of the key challenges with FSO systems is to maintain the Line of Sight (LOS) between transmitter and receiver. In this paper, the feasibility and performance of applying the FSO technology to the mobile network is explored, and the design plan of the attitude positioning and tracking control system of the FSO transceiver is investigated. First, the system architecture is introduced, the requirements for the control system are analyzed, the involved reference frames and frame transformation are presented. Second, the control system bandwidth is used to evaluate the system performance in controlling a positioning system consisting of a gimbal and a steering mirror, some definitions to describe the positioning accuracy and tracking capacity are given. The attitude control of a FSO transceiver is split into 2 similar channels: pitch and yaw. Using an equivalent linear control system model, the simulations are carried out, with and without the presence of uncertainties that includes GPS data errors and sensor measurement errors. Finally, based on the simulation results in the pitch channel, the quantitative evaluation on the performance of the control system is given, including positioning accuracy, tracking capability and uncertainty tolerance.
Injuries in Runners (1998)

Minor variations in lower extremity alignment do not appear conclusively to be major risk factors for overuse injuries in runners. Because of the study limitations and the likely multifactorial nature of running injuries, further study is suggested, perhaps in more novice runners.
‘Titan’ Red Raspberry (1985)

Abstract ‘Titan’ is a new red raspberry ( Rubus idaeus L.) cultivar with very large fruit and very high yield potential. ‘Titan’ is expected to be grown primarily in the northeastern United States.
Recent advances in clinical practice challenges and opportunities in the management of obesity (2014)

Despite advances in understanding the roles of adiposity, food intake, GI and adipocyte-related hormones, inflammatory mediators, the gut–brain axis and the hypothalamic nervous system in the pathophysiology of obesity, the effects of different therapeutic interventions on those pathophysiological mechanisms are controversial. There are still no low-cost, safe, effective treatments for obesity and its complications. Currently, bariatric surgical approaches targeting the GI tract are more effective than non-surgical approaches in inducing weight reduction and resolving obesity-related comorbidities. However, current guidelines emphasise non-surgical approaches through lifestyle modification and medications to achieve slow weight loss, which is not usually sustained and may be associated with medication-related side effects. This review analyses current central, peripheral or hormonal targets to treat obesity and addresses challenges and opportunities to develop novel approaches for obesity.
Cylindrical cyclic acoustic imaging with a Bayesian approach for reconstruction of cyclostationary sources (2013)

Standard acoustic imaging techniques, such as beamforming or near-field acoustical holography, are now widely used in engineering contexts. However, large arrays of microphones are sometimes required to have a good resolution. Besides new challenges arise, particularly in the field of non-stationary sources, which need to be identified and solved. Cyclostationary sound sources, a specific kind of non-stationary signals, are characterized by statistical properties evolving periodically in time. In practice the first-order statistical properties contain some periodic components while the second orders may be random with a periodic flow of energy. The present work tackles the acoustic imaging of cyclostationary sources with a scanning microphone, ie. without any array. Cylindrical surfaces, adapted to standard rotating machines, are considered. The difficulty of reconstructing non-stationary acoustic sources from discrete measurements is then alleviated suing their cyclostationary properties. A cyclic sound field is hence extracted that can show how sources are evolving in space and time. Finally, a Bayesian formulation, gathering both physical and probabilistic information on the inverse problem, is used to back-propagate the sound over the radiating surface.
Thin-Film Multilayer Capacitors Using Pyrolytically Deposited Silicon Dioxide (1976)

Thin-film multilayer high-energy-density capacitors have been constructed using a pyrolytically deposited phosphosilicate glass as the dielectric material with aluminum as the electrode material. Other electrode materials such as gold, chromium, and silicon were studied to determine the best electrode for this application. A careful study was made of the behavior of the oxide with respect to the formation of microcracks and pin holes in order to eliminate those problems. It was found that the stresses in undoped SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> were too great to permit its use in this application. Capacitors having an area of 1 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with up to 20 layers were constructed using a doped oxide with a P <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> concentration of from 7 to 10 percent.
A Study of the Query Target of the Chinese Query Sentence (2007)

Accuracy of computer understanding query of natural language is key to the quality of the natural language interface. Through the study of the Chinese query sentences, which include the imperative sentences and special questions, the yes-or-no questions, the positive and negative questions, choosing questions etc, the relation of composing conception, logical conception and standard conception is studied and built. The conception of the query target is decomposed into three steps, which are direct query target step, logic discursion target step and compare judge target step, the relation of the three steps also has been studied .The query semantic template id and sentence type id recognition and query sentence, above three steps query target recognize arithmetic are constructed, so the base of product the SELECT's clause of SQL's sentence is established.
Polyimide nanofoams from amorphous phase separated triblock copolymers (1996)

Significant improvement in semiconductor device performance can be expected by decreasing the dielectric constant of the insulating media used as interlayer dielectrics and packaging materials. In this regard, organic and inorganic foams can have very low dielectric constants due to their significant void volumes. To be useful as dielectric materials, the foams must be stable at high temperatures, impermeable to corrosive reagents, show good mechanical properties, have a high glass transition temperature and contain voids which are small relative to the electronic features. We have prepared a number of polyimide nanofoams by the thermal decomposition of labile blocks in a phase separated morphology. The preparation of triblock polyimides and their conversion into nanofoams will be discussed. The thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of a variety of polyimide nanofoams well also be described.
Bilateral Fundus Excyclotorsion in Unilateral Superior Oblique Palsy Confirmed by MR Imaging (2020)

Bilateral fundus excyclotorsion was demonstrated not only in bilateral SOP, but also in unilateral SOP at a rate of 8.5%. Bilateral fundus excyclotorsion alone did not prove to be a specific sign in distinguishing bilateral SOP from unilateral SOP.
Effekte einer Natriumchlorid- oder Ammoniumchloridsupplementierung auf das Harnsteinbildungspotenzial beim Kaninchen (2016)

NaCl supplementation significantly increased the urine volume and decreased its specific gravity. Therefore, NaCl supplementation might be an additional dietary treatment to increase the elimination of urine crystals in rabbits. NH4Cl supplementation did not induce acidification of the urine.
Elasticity of Nanoparticles Influences Their Blood Circulation, Phagocytosis, Endocytosis, and Targeting (2015)

The impact of physical and chemical modifications of nanoparticles on their biological function has been systemically investigated and exploited to improve their circulation and targeting. However, the impact of nanoparticles' flexibility (i.e., elastic modulus) on their function has been explored to a far lesser extent, and the potential benefits of tuning nanoparticle elasticity are not clear. Here, we describe a method to synthesize polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based hydrogel nanoparticles of uniform size (200 nm) with elastic moduli ranging from 0.255 to 3000 kPa. These particles are used to investigate the role of particle elasticity on key functions including blood circulation time, biodistribution, antibody-mediated targeting, endocytosis, and phagocytosis. Our results demonstrate that softer nanoparticles (10 kPa) offer enhanced circulation and subsequently enhanced targeting compared to harder nanoparticles (3000 kPa) in vivo. Furthermore, in vitro experiments show that softer nanoparticles exhibit significantly reduced cellular uptake in immune cells (J774 macrophages), endothelial cells (bEnd.3), and cancer cells (4T1). Tuning nanoparticle elasticity potentially offers a method to improve the biological fate of nanoparticles by offering enhanced circulation, reduced immune system uptake, and improved targeting.
Multi-Task Zipping via Layer-wise Neuron Sharing (2018)

Future mobile devices are anticipated to perceive, understand and react to the world on their own by running multiple correlated deep neural networks on-device. Yet the complexity of these neural networks needs to be trimmed down both within-model and cross-model to fit in mobile storage and memory. Previous studies focus on squeezing the redundancy within a single neural network. In this work, we aim to reduce the redundancy across multiple models. We propose Multi-Task Zipping (MTZ), a framework to automatically merge correlated, pre-trained deep neural networks for cross-model compression. Central in MTZ is a layer-wise neuron sharing and incoming weight updating scheme that induces a minimal change in the error function. MTZ inherits information from each model and demands light retraining to re-boost the accuracy of individual tasks. Evaluations show that MTZ is able to fully merge the hidden layers of two VGG-16 networks with a 3.18% increase in the test error averaged on ImageNet and CelebA, or share 39.61% parameters between the two networks with &lt;0.5% increase in the test errors for both tasks. The number of iterations to retrain the combined network is at least 17.8 times lower than that of training a single VGG-16 network. Moreover, experiments show that MTZ is also able to effectively merge multiple residual networks.
Position of the French Working Group on Perioperative Haemostasis (GIHP) on viscoelastic tests: What role for which indication in bleeding situations? (2018)

VETs must be included in algorithms. In consultation with the biology laboratory, these devices should be situated according to the way each centre functions.
Seeds of Peganum Harmala L. Chemical Analysis, Antimalarial and Antioxidant Activities, and Cytotoxicity Against Human Breast Cancer Cells (2014)

The present study evaluated the levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and anthocyanins from Peganum harmala L. seeds and determined their antioxidant, antiplasmodial and anticancer potentials. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and ABTS assays. Extracts of P. harmala seeds from Oudref and Djerba (two places in Tunisia) were obtained by successive extraction solvents: petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water. Their composition was evaluated for phenolics (gallic acid equivalent 2.48 to 72.52 g/kg), tannins (catechin equivalent 0 to 25.27 g/kg), anthocyanins (cyanidin equivalent 0 to 20.56 mg/kg) and flavonoids (quercetin equivalent 0 to 3.12 g/kg). Ethanolic extract exerted the highest activities against a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (IC₅₀=23 mg/L), against human breast cancer cells MCF7 (IC₅₀=32 mg/L) and against free radical (IC₅₀=19.09±3.07 mg/L). Correlations were studied between each chemical family and the three activities. Total phenolics content exhibited the highest correlation with antiplasmodial activity (R²=0.92) and with anticancer activity (R²=0.86), respectively.
Enhanced Peltier Effect in Wrinkled Graphene Constriction by Nano‐Bubble Engineering (2020)

Inspired by the promising applications in thermopower generation from waste heat and active on-chip cooling, the thermoelectric and electrothermal properties of graphene have been extensively pursued by seeking ingeniously designed structures with thermoelectric conversion capability. The graphene wrinkle is a ubiquitous structure formed inevitably during the synthesis of large-scale graphene films but the corresponding properties for thermoelectric and electrothermal applications are rarely investigated. Here, the electrothermal Peltier effect from the graphene wrinkle fabricated on a germanium substrate is reported. Peltier cooling and heating across the wrinkle are visualized unambiguously with polarities consistent with p-type doping and in accordance with the wrinkle spatial distribution. By direct patterning of the nano-bubble structure, the current density across the wrinkle can be boosted by current crowding to enhance the Peltier effect. The observed Peltier effect can be attributed to the nonequilibrium charge transport by interlayer tunneling across the van der Waals barrier of the graphene wrinkle. The graphene wrinkle in combination with nano-bubble engineering constitutes an innovative and agile platform to design graphene and other more general two-dimensional (2D) thermoelectrics and opens the possibility for realizing active on-chip cooling for 2D nanoelectronics with van der Waals junctions.
A Sensitive Cell-Based Assay to Measure the Doxycycline Concentration in Biological Samples (2009)

Doxycycline (DOX) is widely used as a pharmacological agent and as an effector molecule in inducible gene expression systems. For most applications, it is important to determine whether the DOX concentration reaches the level required for optimal efficacy. We developed a sensitive bioassay for measuring the DOX concentration in biological samples. We used a modified HeLa cell line with the luciferase reporter gene under the control of the DOX-inducible Tet-On system for regulation of gene expression. These HeLaDOX cells constitutively express a novel variant of the rtTA transcriptional activator protein that is highly DOX-sensitive. Incubation of the cells with a DOX-containing biological sample triggers luciferase expression, which can be quantitated by standard methods. This bioassay is sensitive, with a DOX detection limit of 22 ng/ml in plasma. The assay was used to determine the DOX concentration in plasma derived from DOX-treated rhesus macaques and mice. Furthermore, we found that the DOX concentration in murine cerebrospinal fluid is 31-fold lower than the concurrent plasma DOX level. This bioassay for the quantification of DOX concentration in biological samples has several advantages over high-performance liquid chromatography-based and microbiological assays: (1) multiple samples can be assayed in a single experiment; (2) only small sample volumes are required; (3) the assay has a low detection limit; and (4) the assay can be performed in any cell culture laboratory.
Application of Microchips to Chemical Analysis (2011)

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High-efficiency thin-film InGaP/(In)GaAs/Ge multijunction solar cells enabled by controlled spalling technology (2012)

We demonstrate the effectiveness of our disruptive controlled spalling technology for making high-efficiency (28.7%) thin-film InGaP/(In)GaAs/Ge tandem solar cells. The controlled spalling technique was employed to separate the thin-film tandem cells (~14μm) from the host Ge substrates. The electrical characteristics of the thin-film cells (spalled) were examined and compared against the bulk cells (non-spalled) on original Ge wafers. Furthermore, the structural integrity of the transferred thin-film cells was scrutinized using transmission electron microscopy. Our results confirm that the structural properties and the intrinsic material parameters (such as minority carrier lifetime, surface recombination velocity, etc) of the thin-film tandem solar cells are unchanged after spalling.
Norbornene bidentate ligands: coordination chemistry and enantioselective catalytic applications (2010)

International audience
ADAMTSL6β Protein Rescues Fibrillin-1 Microfibril Disorder in a Marfan Syndrome Mouse Model through the Promotion of Fibrillin-1 Assembly (2011)

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a systemic disorder of the connective tissues caused by insufficient fibrillin-1 microfibril formation and can cause cardiac complications, emphysema, ocular lens dislocation, and severe periodontal disease. ADAMTSL6β (A disintegrin-like metalloprotease domain with thrombospondin type I motifs-like 6β) is a microfibril-associated extracellular matrix protein expressed in various connective tissues that has been implicated in fibrillin-1 microfibril assembly. We here report that ADAMTSL6β plays an essential role in the development and regeneration of connective tissues. ADAMTSL6β expression rescues microfibril disorder after periodontal ligament injury in an MFS mouse model through the promotion of fibrillin-1 microfibril assembly. In addition, improved fibrillin-1 assembly in MFS mice following the administration of ADAMTSL6β attenuates the overactivation of TGF-β signals associated with the increased release of active TGF-β from disrupted fibrillin-1 microfibrils within periodontal ligaments. Our current data thus demonstrate the essential contribution of ADAMTSL6β to fibrillin-1 microfibril formation. These findings also suggest a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of MFS through ADAMTSL6β-mediated fibrillin-1 microfibril assembly.
Noiseless Optical Amplifier Operating on Hundreds of Spatial Modes (2012)

We implement a noiseless optical amplifier using a phase-sensitive four-wave mixing process in rubidium vapor. We observe performance near the quantum limit for this type of amplifier over a range of experimental parameters and show that the noise figure is always better than would be obtained with a phase-insensitive amplifier with the same gain. Additionally, we observe that the amplifier supports hundreds of spatial modes, making it possible to amplify complex two-dimensional spatial patterns with less than a 10% degradation of the input signal-to-noise ratio for gains up to 4.6. To confirm the multimode character of the amplifier, we study the noise figure as a function of spatially-varying losses. Additionally, we investigate the spatial resolution of the amplifier and show that it supports a range of spatial frequencies from 1.3 to more than 35 line pairs per millimeter.
Racing Car Airbox Performance Prediction Using LES Simulation Approach (2008)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper deals with the assessment of the use of LES simulation technique on a real airbox geometry designed for a high-performance engine.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Large Eddy Simulation is a promising technique to yield a CFD tool able to predict flow unsteadiness: in LES modeling only a small part of the energy spectrum is modeled while the large scales of motion (correlated with the energy transport phenomena) are directly resolved. Given this observation, LES model becomes a very attractive tool for the fluid dynamic analysis of components characterized by a strong dynamic flow behavior like an airbox geometry.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The airbox simulations were performed by Fluent v6.3 CFD code and the Wall Adaptive Local Eddy-Viscosity (WALE) sub-grid (&lt;i&gt;sgs&lt;/i&gt;) stress model was used. A bounded second order central differencing scheme (BCD) was adopted and a discussion of the kinetic energy conservation attitude of this scheme was performed.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In order to perform a reliable airbox LES simulation, the computational domain was constructed on the basis of a classic experimental test bench flow layout used to test the airbox performance. Results obtained by LES simulations were analyzed in terms of mean evolution and &lt;i&gt;rms&lt;/i&gt; fluctuations of both pressure and velocity components.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The numerical results obtained from the LES simulation showed as this simulation approach could be used to clearly understand the dynamic interaction between airbox flow behavior and flow conditions on the inlet trumpet sections and to optimize the airbox layout. It is concluded that, today, LES technique is being a very proficient approach to obtain a high fluid dynamic resolution level on industrial cases.&lt;/div&gt;
Study of urinary leukotriene E4 levels in children with acute asthma (2014)

The ULTE4 and the TS IgE levels are significantly elevated during acute asthma episodes in children. The significant positive correlation between the severity of these attacks and the ULTE4 levels makes it a good noninvasive marker for monitoring acute asthma exacerbations and follow-up of the inflammatory process in asthmatic children.