gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
2‐Iodoxybenzoic Acid Tosylates: the Alternative to Dess–Martin Periodinane Oxidizing Reagents (2017)

Abstract Two powerful hypervalent iodine(V) oxidants, DMP‐OTs (1‐tosyloxy‐1,1‐diacetoxy‐1 H ‐1λ 5 ‐benzo[ d ][1,2]iodoxol‐3‐one) and IBX‐OTs (1‐tosyloxy‐1‐oxo‐1 H ‐1λ 5 ‐benzo[ d ][1,2]iodoxol‐3‐one) show high reactivity in the oxidation of structurally complex primary and secondary alcohols, which are highly functionalized polyketide or terpene fragments or steroids. The yields of the corresponding carbonyl compounds are even higher for the protocol that uses pyridine as additive. The oxidations proceed very rapidly at room temperature leaving the protective groups and π‐systems intact and affording the corresponding carbonyl compounds in good to excellent yields. Moreover, IBX‐OTs is an efficient reagent for the oxidative dehydrogenation of steroidal alcohols to the corresponding enones. magnified image
Modified mRNA Rescue of Maternal CK1/8 mRNA Depletion in Xenopus Oocytes (1997)

This work addresses two issues, the use of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to deplete specific mRNAs in Xenopus oocytes to analyze their functions during development and the role of cytokeratin filaments in cells of the early Xenopus embryo. We have shown previously that depletion of cytokeratin CK1/8 mRNA causes defects in the early embryo. In this study, we show that the oligos, modified with phosphoramidate linkages to improve stability, are capable of degrading exogenous mRNA up to 27 hours after injection in the oocyte. For this reason, the phenotype could not be rescued by injection of a synthetic CK1/8 mRNA. However, modification of the synthetic CK1/8 mRNA, which prevents annealing of the antisense oligonucleotide used for depleting the endogenous CK1/8 mRNA, did result in the rescue of the CK1/8 depletion phenotype. These results demonstrate that the phenotype observed after depletion of the CK1/8 mRNA is truly caused by the lack of CK1/8 protein. Injection of the closely related type II cytokeratin (CK55) did not result in the same level of rescue of the CK1/8 depletion phenotype, suggesting that structurally similar members of the cytokeratin family, expressed at different stages of development, cannot substitute for each other in the early embryo.
Decloaking Big Brother: Demonstrating Intelligent Environments (2010)

In this short conceptual paper we explore the need for demonstrations of intelligent environments research that can convey what we as researchers think to potential users that have limited exposure to such ideas. This is especially important where physical and virtual worlds meet in the smart home context. We present several exemplars that are intended to promote user understanding through the use of mixed reality technologies.
A theory of multi-layer flat refractive geometry (2012)

Flat refractive geometry corresponds to a perspective camera looking through single/multiple parallel flat refractive mediums. We show that the underlying geometry of rays corresponds to an axial camera. This realization, while missing from previous works, leads us to develop a general theory of calibrating such systems using 2D-3D correspondences. The pose of 3D points is assumed to be unknown and is also recovered. Calibration can be done even using a single image of a plane. We show that the unknown orientation of the refracting layers corresponds to the underlying axis, and can be obtained independently of the number of layers, their distances from the camera and their refractive indices. Interestingly, the axis estimation can be mapped to the classical essential matrix computation and 5-point algorithm [15] can be used. After computing the axis, the thicknesses of layers can be obtained linearly when refractive indices are known, and we derive analytical solutions when they are unknown. We also derive the analytical forward projection (AFP) equations to compute the projection of a 3D point via multiple flat refractions, which allows non-linear refinement by minimizing the reprojection error. For two refractions, AFP is either 4th or 12th degree equation depending on the refractive indices. We analyze ambiguities due to small field of view, stability under noise, and show how a two layer system can be well approximated as a single layer system. Real experiments using a water tank validate our theory.
Identification of Dynamic Circuit Specialization Opportunities in RTL Code (2015)

Dynamic Circuit Specialization (DCS) optimizes a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) design by assuming a set of its input signals are constant for a reasonable amount of time, leading to a smaller and faster FPGA circuit. When the signals actually change, a new circuit is loaded into the FPGA through runtime reconfiguration. The signals the design is specialized for are called parameters. For certain designs, parameters can be selected so the DCS implementation is both smaller and faster than the original implementation. However, DCS also introduces an overhead that is difficult for the designer to take into account, making it hard to determine whether a design is improved by DCS or not. This article presents extensive results on a profiling methodology that analyses Register-Transfer Level (RTL) implementations of applications to check if DCS would be beneficial. It proposes to use the functional density as a measure for the area efficiency of an implementation, as this measure contains both the overhead and the gains of a DCS implementation. The first step of the methodology is to analyse the dynamic behaviour of signals in the design, to find good parameter candidates. The overhead of DCS is highly dependent on this dynamic behaviour. A second stage calculates the functional density for each candidate and compares it to the functional density of the original design. The profiling methodology resulted in three implementations of a profiling tool, the DCS-RTL profiler. The execution time, accuracy, and the quality of each implementation is assessed based on data from 10 RTL designs. All designs, except for the two 16-bit adaptable Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters, are analysed in 1 hour or less.
Simplified photogrammetry using optical camera communication for indoor positioning (2017)

In this paper, we describe the positioning technique for camera based smartphone in an indoor environment. The camera of smartphone detects multiple light-emitting diode (LED) lights whose are located on the rooftop. LED light sends its coordinates (x, y) information to the camera whose are fixed and parallel to the world coordinate. We calculate the distance from each LED to the camera using photogrammetry. Later, a lighting server calculates the accurate position information and using extended Kalman filter algorithm it corrects position estimation error of the smartphone.
Long-term Follow-up of Lisfranc Injuries Treated With Open Reduction Internal Fixation Patient-Reported Outcomes (2021)

Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Effects of feedstock on larval development and process efficiency in waste treatment with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) (2018)

Global population growth has led to an urgent need for more efficient food production systems. Moreover, as income levels increase, dietary preferences are shifting to more animal-based products. However, current feed protein sources deplete wild fish populations and contribute to rainforest deforestation. Capturing the resources in organic waste could help alleviate environmental impacts of food production. The larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) are ferocious feeders on decomposing organic material and could be used as protein source in animal feed. This study evaluated development of black soldier fly larvae on eight urban organic waste fractions and two control substrates. Principal component analysis was conducted to identify substrate properties that contributed to treatment efficiency and larval development. The main treatment factors found to be affected by substrate were waste-to-biomass conversion ratio, larval development time and final prepupal weight. The substrate properties with the greatest impact on biomass conversion ratio and larval development time were content of total volatile solids and protein content, while only total volatile solids content affected final prepupal weight. It was concluded that black soldier fly larvae are versatile in their feedstock preferences and can be used to treat a variety of organic waste streams, provided that the total volatile solids and nitrogen content are sufficiently high to support larval development. Abattoir waste, food waste, human faeces and a mixture of abattoir waste – fruits & vegetables are waste streams that are highly suitable for fly larvae treatment.
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Uveal Melanoma (1991)

Uveal melanoma, although a comparatively rare tumour of man, is the commonest malignant tumour of the eye. The tumours can be composed of varying cell types; pure spindle, pure epithelioid and a mixture of spindle and epithelioid cells, with a worse prognosis being associated with the pure epithelioid cells. Fow cytometry is a modem method of studying cell surface marker expression which makes use of fluorescently labelled antibodies specific for these molecules. It gives quantitative analysis of a large number of cells from a substantial section of the sample in a short period of time and allows small changes in fluorescence to be quantified.
Dense RGB-D mapping of large scale environments for real-time localisation and autonomous navigation (2012)

International audience
Nanomaterials and nanofibers as wound dressing mats: An overview of the fundamentals, properties and applications (2021)

Polymeric nanofibers can simply be fabricated through an electrospinning technique. The electrospinning process is one of the best usually utilized approaches to achieve continuous fibers in the nanosized form. Electrospinning has extended attractiveness because of its ease of use, simplicity and various applications. The electrospun fibers properties could be controlled via adjusting each procedure variables such as solution flow rate, applied voltage, as well as space between charged capillary and collector) or the properties of polymeric solution for example (e.g., molecular weight, concentration, surface tension, surface charge density, viscosity, solvent volatility, and conductivity). Furthermore, the used polymeric solution can be a polymeric melt, aqueous, or an emulsion, which give opportunity to diverse sorts of nanofiber construction. Also, by polarity inversion and by varying the collector design the properties of nanofiber can be improved. Moreover, polymeric fibers can be modified by incorporated through blending, surface modification or emulsion formation. The nanofibers were modified to provide manifold drugs, as well as multilayer polymer coating lets continuous release of the combined active moiety. Electrospun nanofibers fabricated from different polymers are utilized to realize anticancer agents and antibiotic, DNA, RNA, as well as growth factors. The current review delivers a collecting of some work concerning the usage of electrospun fibers in drug delivery with a special emphasis on electrospun nanofibers impregnated with nanoparticles also electrospun nanofibers in biomedical applications such as wound dressings prevents infection and speeds up the healing process.
microRNA-106b-mediated down-regulation ofC1orf24expression induces apoptosis and suppresses invasion of thyroid cancer (2015)

We previously showed that C1orf24 expression is increased in thyroid carcinomas. Nonetheless, the mechanism underlying C1orf24 deregulation is not fully understood. It has been widely demonstrated that microRNAs are involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation in several diseases, including cancer. Using in silico prediction approach, five microRNAs that bind to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of C1orf24 were identified. The expression of two selected microRNAs (miR-17-5p, miR-106b) and the expression of C1orf24 were tested in 48 benign and malignant thyroid lesions and in five thyroid carcinoma cell lines. miR-106b was down-regulated in thyroid cancer specimens and thyroid carcinoma cell lines, while C1orf24 expression was markedly increased. To demonstrate that miR-106b reduces C1orf24 expression, follicular (WRO) and papillary (TPC1) thyroid carcinoma cell lines were transiently transfected with miR-106b mimic. Ectopic expression of the miR-106b mimic significantly inhibits C1orf24 mRNA and protein expression in both WRO and TPC1 cells. Dual-luciferase report assays demonstrated that miR-106b directly targets C1orf24 by binding its 3'-UTR. Moreover, miR-106b-mediated down-regulation of C1orf24 expression increased apoptosis and inhibited migration. We additionally demonstrated that siRNA against C1orf24 significantly decreased its expression, inhibited cell migration and cell cycle progression while induced apoptosis. In summary, our findings not only provide new insights into molecular mechanism associated with C1orf24 overexpression in thyroid carcinomas but also show that C1orf24 might increase proliferation and cell migration. Thus, decreasing C1orf24 levels, by restoring miR-106b function, may have therapeutic implications.
Semaine d'Etude Mathématiques et Entreprises 1 : Modélisation et régulation des systèmes de climatisation (2011)

Pour modéliser et simuler l'évolution de la température ressentie par les passagers à l'intérieur d'un avion il faut tenir compte des très fortes variations de température qui peuvent exister à l'extérieur de l'appareil (de -50ºC en vol à plus de 50ºC en stationnement au sol). Le choix de matériaux isolants afin de réduire les échanges de chaleurs ainsi que la disposition de diffuseurs d'air permettent d'agir sur le confort des passagers dans tous les compartiments de la cabine. Le sujet proposé par EADS consiste à réfléchir à la modélisation de ce phénomène et au coût en terme de temps de calcul nécessaire pour le simuler.
New cell biological applications of the laser microbeam technique: the microdissection and skinning of muscle fibers and the perforation and fusion of sarcolemma vesicles. (1994)

In a novel approach, the laser microbeam technique was used to selectively perforate the sarcolemma of skeletal muscle fibers, to prepare fragments of myofibrillar bundles of very small dimensions, and to induce fusion of sarcolemma vesicles. Using a highly focused UV laser microbeam with an effective beam diameter of down to 0.5 micron, very small (< 3 microns) myofibrillar fragments with an intact sarcomere striation pattern were obtained. When small amounts of Ca2+ were released in the vicinity of such a fragment by laser-photolysis of the photolabile compound Ca(2+)-nitr-7 the bundle shortened due to the development of calcium-activated force. We also show that very small selected areas from myopathic single muscle cells can be dissected with a precision unmatched by other current techniques. The microbeam was also used to remove very small patches of the sarcolemma of murine skeletal muscle fibers so giving diffusional access to the myoplasmic interior and thus resulting in a "skinning" of the fiber. To ensure that such laser-skinned fiber segments were physiologically intact we determined the Ca(2+)-activated force and caffeine-induced Ca(2+)-release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The fibers showed normal characteristics for force production, Ca(2+)-release and uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. To test the effects of the laser microbeam on the muscle membrane directly, we prepared sarcolemma vesicles of skeletal muscle fibers. The vesicles could be selectively perforated with single laser pulses to allow entry of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran as a fluorescent marker. Adjacent vesicles were caused to fuse by a few pulses at low intensity of the laser microbeam.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Proliferation genes repressed by TGF-β are downstream of Slug/Snail2 in normal bronchial epithelial progenitors and are deregulated in COPD (2021)

Abstract Slug/Snail2 belongs to the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT)-inducing transcription factors involved in development and diseases. Slug is expressed in adult stem/progenitor cells of several epithelia, making it unique among these transcription factors. To investigate Slug role in human bronchial epithelium progenitors, we studied primary bronchial basal/progenitor cells in an air-liquid interface culture system that allows regenerating a bronchial epithelium. To identify Slug downstream genes we knocked down Slug in basal/progenitor cells from normal subjects and subjects with COPD, a respiratory disease presenting anomalies in the bronchial epithelium and high levels of TGF-β in the lungs. We show that normal and COPD bronchial basal/progenitors, even when treated with TGF-β, express both epithelial and mesenchymal markers, and that the epithelial marker E-cadherin is not a target of Slug and, moreover, positively correlates with Slug. We reveal that Slug downstream genes responding to both differentiation and TGF-β are different in normal and COPD progenitors, with in particular a set of proliferation-related genes that are among the genes repressed downstream of Slug in normal but not COPD. In COPD progenitors at the onset of differentiation in presence of TGF-β, we show that there is positive correlations between the effect of differentiation and TGF-β on proliferation-related genes and on Slug protein, and that their expression levels are higher than in normal cells. As well, the expression of Smad3 and β-Catenin, two molecules from TGF-β signaling pathways, are higher in COPD progenitors, and our results indicate that proliferation-related genes and Slug protein are increased by different TGF-β-induced mechanisms.
Mouse zinc transporter 1 gene provides an essential function during early embryonic development (2004)

The SLC30 family of cation diffusion transporters includes at least nine members in mammals, most of which have been documented to play a role in zinc transport. The founding member of this family, Znt1, was discovered by virtue of its ability to efflux zinc from cells and to protect them from zinc toxicity. However, its physiological functions remain unknown. To address this issue, mice with targeted knockout of the Znt1 gene were generated by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Heterozygous Znt1 mice were viable. In contrast, homozygous Znt1 mice died in utero soon after implantation due to a catastrophic failure of embryonic development. Although extraembryonic membranes formed around these embryos, the embryo proper failed to undergo morphogenesis past the egg cylinder stage and was amorphous by d9 of pregnancy. Expression of the Znt1 gene was detected predominantly in trophoblasts and in the maternal deciduum during the postimplantation period (d5 to d8). The failure of homozygous Znt1 embryos to develop could not be rescued by manipulating maternal dietary zinc (either excess or deficiency) during pregnancy. However, embryos in Znt1 heterozygous females were approximately 3 times more likely to develop abnormally when exposed to maternal dietary zinc deficiency during later pregnancy than were those in wildtype females. These studies suggest that Znt1 serves an essential function of transporting maternal zinc into the embryonic environment during the egg cylinder stage of development, and further suggest that Znt1 plays a role in zinc homeostasis in adult mice.
Abstract 15738: Cyclooxygenase-2 and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (2019)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2, are used to relieve pain and inflammation. Their use is associated with an increased r...
An adaptive plasma glucose controller based on a nonlinear insulin/glucose model (1994)

The design of plasma glucose controllers traditionally relies on linear approaches. The implementation of an appropriate nonlinear model of the insulin/glucose regulatory system into an adaptive controller should predict the insulin-dependent glucose removal more reliably and hence provide better control over a wide spectrum of insulin signals. A discretized form of the model leads to a two-step procedure. First, the measured plasma glucose levels associated with the exogenous glucose infusion rates are used in the estimation of the past removal rates which, in turn, can be expressed as a weighted sum of past insulin inputs and previous values of the removal rate. Parameters of the sum are adjusted on-line by a recursive method of estimation which features a prefiltering of data to account for a corrupting coloured process noise. The same equation is in turn used to predict the time course of the insulin-dependent fractional rate of glucose removal. The performance of the controller, tested in vivo in three pigs, is presented for various intravenous or subcutaneous rapid injections and staircase infusions of insulin. Plasma glucose is maintained at an average level of 99.9 +/- 8.7% of the target value (% set point +/- coefficient of variation). The controller reacts promptly to large and rapid variations in insulin action. Although control improves with the number of glucose measurements, the prediction of glucose removal allows for some flexibility in the monitoring of the plasma glucose. Sampling frequency varied from a 2 min interval during transient periods to 7 min as steady states were reached.
Managing Communication Costs under Temporal Uncertainty (2018)

In multi-agent temporal planning, individual agents cannot know a priori when other agents will execute their actions and so treat those actions as uncertain. Only when others communicate the results of their actions is that uncertainty resolved. If a full communication protocol is specified ahead of time, then delay controllability can be used to assess the feasibility of the temporal plan. However, agents often have flexibility in choosing when to communicate the results of their action. In this paper, we address the question of how to choose communication protocols that guarantee the feasibility of the original temporal plan subject to some cost associated with that communication. To do so, we introduce a means of extracting delay controllability conflicts and show how we can use these conflicts to more efficiently guide our search. We then present three conflict-directed search algorithms and explore the theoretical and empirical trade-offs between the different approaches.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation of Optically Active α‐Alkenyl‐α‐acyloxytrialkylsilane. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.