gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fiber-optic extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer strain sensor with <50 pm displacement resolution using three-wavelength digital phase demodulation (2001)

A fiber-optic extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer strain sensor (EFPI-S) of ls = 2.5 cm sensor length using three-wavelength digital phase demodulation is demonstrated to exhibit <50 pm displacement resolution (<2nm/m strain resolution) when measuring the cross expansion of a PZT-ceramic plate. The sensing (single-mode downlead-) and reflecting fibers are fused into a 150/360 microm capillary fiber where the fusion points define the sensor length. Readout is performed using an improved version of the previously described three-wavelength digital phase demodulation method employing an arctan-phase stepping algorithm. In the resent experiments the strain sensitivity was varied via the mapping of the arctan - lookup table to the 16-Bit DA-converter range from 188.25 k /V (6 Volt range 1130 k ) to 11.7 k /Volt (range 70 k ).
Conflict Detection Performance of Non-Cooperative Sensing Architectures for Small UAS Sense and Avoid (2019)

The safe integration of Unmanned Aircraft Systems in the civil airspace requires the development of Sense and Avoid (also named Detect and Avoid) systems, which represent a technology needed to detect a threat (e.g., an intruder vehicle) and, consequently, command a maneuver suitable to avoid collision within a small amount of time. In this framework, this paper presents a quantitative assessment of conflict detection performance achievable by different sensing architectures, which can be designed and installed on board of small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. The attention is focused on non-cooperative systems, which can rely on active sensors (such as radars and LIDARs), passive sensors (such as visual cameras) or multi-sensor-based solutions. The aim is to quantitatively identify the potentialities and limitations of each technological solution. The analysis is carried out by means of a numerical simulation environment able to reproduce horizontal collision scenarios. Specifically, conflict detection performance is expressed in terms of two probabilities, namely the probability of missed conflict detection and false conflict detection, which are evaluated as a function of three parameters which allow uniquely defining the collision scenario, i.e., the time to and distance at the closest point of approach and the azimuth of the intruder with respect to the velocity vector of the ownship. Since, the probability determination process includes the effect of tracking uncertainties (i.e., probability of firm tracking and false track generation), this analysis also allows highlighting the diverse but interconnected effects of sensing accuracy and detection range.
Synthesis of Mono-, Di-, and Triruthenium(0) Complexes Having a Triphenylene Ligand (2005)

A series of mono-, di-, and triruthenium(0) complexes containing a triphenylene ligand, [Ru(η4-1,5-COD)]n(η6n-triphenylene) (n = 1 (2), 2 (3), 3 (6)) have been prepared by the ligand exchange reaction of Ru(η4-1,5-COD)(η6-naphthalene) (1) with triphenylene, reduction of Ru(acac)2(η4-1,5-COD) (4) with sodium/triphenylene, or hydrogenolysis of Ru(η4-1,5-COD)(η6-1,3,5-COT) (5) in the presence of triphenylene. These triphenylene complexes are interconvertible with each other by addition of a “Ru(η4-1,5-COD)” fragment or free triphenylene.
Totally Absorbable Screws in Fixation of Subtalar Extra Articular Arthrodesis in Children with Spastic Neuromuscular Disease (1992)

Summary: Seven patients with spastic neuromuscular disease and severe hindfoot valgus deformity were treated by subtalar arthrodesis. Arthrodesis was performed in both feet at the same operation and fixed on one side with a self-reinforced poly-L-lactide (SR-PLLA) screw, and with a standard AO screw on the other side. The functional status state was improved, and radio-graphic union of the arthrodesis occurred in all feet. The radiograph showed better solid fusion in five feet treated with PLLA screws, similar fusion in both sides in one patient, and one slower fusion in the side treated initially with a PLLA screw. Totally absorbable SR-PLLA screws appear to be firm enough for fixation of subtalar extraarticular arthrodesis in children.
Comparing the Performance of Diamond Coated and Uncoated Micro End Mills Using Robustness Testing (2014)

The objective of this work is to compare the performance of uncoated micro end mills with micro end mills coated using various pretreatments and diamond coatings. Testing is conducted with 300-um-diameter, two-flute, carbide end mills cutting full-width slots in 6061-T6 aluminum. The comparison of these tools is conducted with a robustness test where the feed rate of the tool is increased every 5 mm of linear travel until catastrophic tool failure occurs. The outcomes from these tests are the maximum chipload, therefore material removal rate, and the maximum force experienced by the tool. It has been determined that tools pre- treated with an acid etch have a statistically lower maximum chipload than as-received tools. However, all other pretreatments and as-received tools had statistically equivalent maximum chiploads. Further improvements in the robustness testing method are needed to reduce data scatter and better test for differences in the tool coating methods.
Inclusion complexation of diazepam with different cyclodextrins in formulations for parenteral use (2005)

A parenteral formulation for the water-insoluble benzodiazepine diazepam was developed. Different cyclodextrins (CDs) suitable for parenteral injection: hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin(HP-γ-CD), sulfobutylether-7-p-cyclodextrin (SBE-7-β-CD) and maltosyl-p-cyclodextrin (malt-β-CD) were used as alternatives to cosolvents to increase solubility. The increase in solubility displayed a concentration dependency for the four CDs used. Diazepam's solubility is enhanced linearly as a function of each CD concentration. The highest improvements in solubility (dissolved concentration circa 3.5 mg/ml in 40% CD) were found by adding HP-p-CD or SBE-7-β-CD. The additional use of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) did not further increase the solubility of diazepam with HP-p-CD. A parenteral aqueous diazepam solution was prepared containing 10 mg diazepam/5ml 30% HP-p-CD or SBE-7-β-CD solution. The preparations are in agreement with the requirements for parenteralia. Sterilisation by filtration is required since autoclaving degrades the active compound. The stability of the preparations, with and without pH adjustment to pH 5, was investigated during 18 months and during this period no noticeable degradation was observed.
Review. Probiotic effects of selected acid bacteria (2004)

This review reveals that the probiotic bacterial strains LA-5® and BB-12®, when consumed regularly, by means of foods or capsules, do have a positive effect on the human alimentary and immune system and by this on consumers health. The strength of these effects depends on health, age, social background, dietary habit and the individual disposition of the consumer as well. Demonstrated effects are: impact on the intestinal flora and the immune system, prevention and/or alleviation of diarrhoea, unspecific gastrointestinal complaints, inflammatory intestinal diseases, atopic diseases, inhibition of tumorigenesis, beneficial effects on newborn and infants, cholesterol-lowering effect. Although the positive health effect could not be verified for all cases with statistical significance it must be emphasized that in no case, even with higher cell count intake, any intolerance or a negative effect was observed. This particularly'applies for persons with a damaged or overactive immune system.
Managing Occupational Risks for Hepatitis C Transmission in the Health Care Setting (2003)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant contemporary health problem in the United States and elsewhere. Because it is primarily transmitted via blood, hepatitis C infection presents risks for both nosocomial transmission to patients and occupational spread to health care workers. Recent insights into the pathogenesis, immunopathogenesis, natural history, and treatment of infection caused by this unique flavivirus provide a rationale for the use of new strategies for managing occupational hepatitis C infections when they occur. This article reviews this developing information. Recently published data demonstrate success rates in the treatment of "acute hepatitis C syndrome" that approach 100\%, and although these studies are not directly applicable to all occupational infections, they may provide important clues to optimal management strategies. In addition, the article delineates approaches to the prevention of occupational exposures and also addresses the difficult issue of managing HCV-infected health care providers. The article summarizes currently available data about the nosocomial epidemiology of HCV infection and the magnitude of risk and discusses several alternatives for managing exposure and infection. No evidence supports the use of immediate postexposure prophylaxis with immunoglobulin, immunomodulators, or antiviral agents. Based on the very limited data available, the watchful waiting and preemptive therapy strategies described in detail in this article represent reasonable interim approaches to the complex problem of managing occupational HCV infections, at least until more definitive data are obtained.
Advanced drilling systems study. (1996)

This report documents the results of a study of advanced drilling concepts conducted jointly for the Natural Gas Technology Branch and the Geothermal Division of the U.S. Department of Energy. A number of alternative rock cutting concepts and drilling systems are examined. The systems cover the range from current technology, through ongoing efforts in drilling research, to highly speculative concepts. Cutting mechanisms that induce stress mechanically, hydraulically, and thermally are included. All functions necessary to drill and case a well are considered. Capital and operating costs are estimated and performance requirements, based on comparisons of the costs for alternative systems to conventional drilling technology, are developed. A number of problems common to several alternatives and to current technology are identified and discussed.
Study on Arc Chaos for SF6 Circuit Breaker Based on Coupled Physical Field Simulation (2010)

Based on the N-S and Maxwell equation, a mathematical model describing the arc behavior in SF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> circuit breaker (CB) has been deduced. The effect of Lorentz force, turbulent and physical parameters on the characteristic of arc plasma was considered in the model. Using the finite volume method, the distributions of controlling parameters for arc in SF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> circuit breaker, such as viscosity, electric conductivity, heat diffusion and heat conductivity have been calculated. By linearizing a set of nonlinear differential equation for arc model according to the theory of differential geometry, arc instable property has been analyzed and nonlinear differential equations with constant coefficient for arc in SF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> CB has been obtained. By adjusting the controlling parameter of arc in SF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> CB, the variations of amplitude parameters and phase trajectory in the phase space with time have been analyzed. The calculation results show that the nonlinear system for SF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> CB has significant chaotic behavior.
Degradation mechanisms of 1.6 W blue semiconductor lasers: effect on subthreshold optical power and power spectral density (2020)

We report on the degradation of high-power blue semiconductor lasers, with nominal wavelength of 450 nm and output power of 1.6 W, used for lighting, projection and metrology applications. Our analysis consists in constant current stress, aimed at investigating the changes in electrical and optical characteristics of the lasers. For the first time, we describe the degradation of the spectral characteristics during high current stress. <br/> The study showed three main effects: (i) the decrease in the sub-threshold optical power, which shows two different slopes, that we ascribe to the regions where A, Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination coefficient, and B, radiative coefficient, dominate. (ii) a logarithmic decrease during the stress time of the characteristic temperature T<sub>0</sub>. (iii) the presence of a parasitic peak, with energy close to the main emission peak. This peak is ascribed to recombination in a second quantum well with slightly different energy, due to the different internal field. The intensity of this excited emission decreases during stress time, possibly due to a change in the injection efficiency. <br/> We have also found an initial increase in the optical power at very low current levels, followed by a decrease with increasing stress time. This behavior is ascribed to an initial annealing, that favors the activation of magnesium, followed by an increment of the density of defects in the material caused by the stress.
Quantifying diatom aspirations: Mechanical properties of chain‐forming species (2012)

Diatoms developed a variety of mechanisms to form chain‐like colonies, resulting in diverse morphologies and bulk mechanical properties. These properties affect translation, rotation, and deformation of colonies in ambient flows as well as their susceptibility to breakage by flow‐ and grazer‐induced forces. Morphological characteristics of diatom chains have been extensively studied, yet no studies have examined their mechanical properties. We studied the flexibility of four morphologically distinct species ( Lithodesmium undulatum , Stephanopyxis turris , Lauderia annulata , and Guinardia delicatula ) by measuring their deflections when held across a capillary tip in developing pipe flow and applying simple beam theory and a finite‐difference analysis of curvature to calculate flexural stiffness. Flexural stiffness varies greatly, with at least four orders of magnitude difference among the examined species (from 1.7 × 10 −13 N m 2 , the most rigid, to 1.3 × 10 −17 N m 2 , the most flexible), but two other species ( Melosira nummuloides and a Thalassiosira sp.) were too flexible to measure with our apparatus. Vulnerability to breakage by flow also varied between species and, for species with heavily silicified joints between cells, was enhanced under nutrient depletion. These results highlight yet another attribute underlying the biodiversity of diatoms and their potential for utilizing highly differentiated ecological niches. Quantitative information from this study can now be used in the design of more mechanically realistic models that capture the dynamic coupling between elastic particles and flow to study diatom–flow interactions and their effects on nutrient acquisition, encounter with grazers, aggregate formation, and settling.
A compact, low power, fully integrated clock frequency doubler (2004)

A compact, low power, clock frequency doubler circuit with no external devices designed and manufactured in a 0.5/spl mu/m CMOS technology. Proposed circuit generates a 4.096MHz output clock frequency from a 2.048MHz input clock while an automatic duty cycle control circuit reduces the sensitivity of the duty cycle of output clock to the duty cycle of input signal or process and temperature variations. For this purpose, an accurate delayed clock is generated. Very simple structure besides MOSFET capacitors offers a compact and low power circuit. The area of the circuit is 0.08mm/sup 2/ while consumes 380/spl mu/A/sub rms/ from 5V power supply and drives 15pF capacitor load. Measured output duty cycle shows a variance of 2.7% from the desired nominal value.
A Galaxy atz= 6.545 and Constraints on the Epoch of Reionization (2005)

We report the discovery of a Lyman-alpha-emitting galaxy at redshift z=6.545 serendipitously identified in the course of spectroscopic follow-up of hard X-ray sources on behalf of the Serendipitous Extragalactic X-Ray Source Identification (SEXSI) survey. The line flux of the galaxy, 2.1e-17 erg/cm2/s, is similar to line fluxes probed by narrow-band imaging surveys; the 5.2 square-arcminutes surveyed implies a surface density of z~6.5 Lyman-alpha emitters somewhat higher than that inferred from narrow-band surveys. This source marks the sixth Lyman-alpha-emitting galaxy identified at z~6.5, a redshift putatively beyond the epoch of reionization when the damping wings of the neutral hydrogen of the intergalactic medium is capable of severely attenuating Lyman-alpha emission. By comparing the Lyman-alpha emitter luminosity functions at z~5.7 and z~6.5, we infer that the intergalactic medium may remain largely reionized from the local universe out to z~6.5.
Development of a Noninvasive Method for Detecting and Monitoring the Time Course of Helicobacter pylori Infection (2004)

Helicobacter pylori infection status following experimental inoculation of mice presently requires euthanasia. The purpose of this study was to develop a method for following the time course of H. pylori infection in live experimental animals. Twenty-six C57BL/6, Helicobacter-free female mice were inoculated with H. pylori Sydney strain 1, and 16 mice were sham inoculated. The mice were repeatedly tested during a period of about 1 year with an H. pylori species-specific primer-based PCR analysis of DNA extracted from fecal pellets of mice. The mice were euthanized at 6 months (n = 15) and 10 months (n = 15) to determine their infection status by histology, culture, and PCR of gastric specimens. H. pylori-inoculated mice were tested via the PCR method at 6 and 10 months prior to necropsy. Nine of 13 (69%) and 10 of 13 (77%) mice tested at 6 and 10 months, respectively, were positive. All sham-inoculated mice were negative. These two PCR results suggested a specificity of 100% with a sensitivity range between 69 and 77%. In contrast, sensitivity and specificity rose to 90 and 100% if groups of mice were tested once daily for 4 days. Seventy-seven to 85% of the experimental mice were also positive for H. pylori by culture. The histopathology demonstrated mild to severe gastritis. These findings demonstrate that the persistence or transience of H. pylori infection in live mice can be repeatedly evaluated over time. This method could allow the determination of the time course of infection and the efficacy of medications and/or vaccine without necropsy.
Aptamer-Based Proteomics Identifies Mortality-Associated Serum Biomarkers in Dialysis-Dependent AKI Patients (2018)

Our results underscore an emerging proteomics tool capable of identifying low-abundance serum proteins important not only in the pathogenesis of AKI-D, but which is also helpful in discriminating AKI-D patients with high mortality.
Monomer-dimer equilibrium of arylnitroso spin traps: an electrochemical investigation (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMonomer-dimer equilibrium of arylnitroso spin traps: an electrochemical investigationMarcel Culcasi, Paul Tordo, and Gerard GronchiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 7, 1403–1407Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100398a038https://doi.org/10.1021/j100398a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Highly Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence with Slow Reverse Intersystem Crossing (2018)

We report an efficient luminescent molecule exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence with a long-delayed fluorescence lifetime of 0.8 ms. Although the reverse intersystem crossing rate constant is small at 2.1 × 103 s−1, the molecule shows a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 89 ± 2%, indicating the suppression of nonradiative decay from the triplet state. Fluorescence molecule exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence with long-delayed lifetime and high photoluminescence quantum yield is reported.
Computational Analysis of the Effect of Cardiac Motion on Left Main Coronary Artery Hemodynamics (2022)

Cardiac muscle health is dependent on the ample supply of oxygenated blood to ensure optimal cardiac function.The continuous supply of oxygenated blood occurs through coronary arteries embedded within the muscle.Cardiac motions involve contracting and expanding giving rise to the biomechanical behavior of the arteries.This work studies the impact of cardiac motion on the coronary flow using a two-way fluid-structure interaction.Blood flow was modelled within an idealized 3D coronary arterial structure using incompressible laminar Navier-Stokes equations.The vessel walls of left main artery were represented using an isotropic five-parameter Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic material which deformed dynamically with prescribed displacement boundary conditions to simulate ventricular torsional and expansion motions.Our results showed higher blood velocities at the bifurcation region in the moving artery than in the non-moving case, particularly during systolic torsional motion.During systole, the wall shear stress near the bifurcation was found to be lower in the non-moving case relative to the moving one.In the non-moving model, a helical-shaped pattern of secondary flow was observed as the blood flowed through the curved vessel, however this pattern diminished in the moving model, where the arterial curvature dynamically changed throughout cardiac cycle.
Potential Living Liver Donors: Evaluation with an All-in-One Protocol with Multi–Detector Row CT (2002)

Multi-detector row computed tomography was performed for the preharvest evaluation of 14 potential living liver donors. Both a biliary contrast agent and a conventional iodinated contrast agent were administered intravenously. This protocol included acquisition of three subsequent scans and allowed accurate assessment of the hepatic parenchymal morphology and volumetrics and a detailed analysis of the biliary and vascular anatomies.