gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Evaluation of Cache Strategies for Elastic Caching Platforms (2011)

With the rapid development of cloud computing, traditional TP applications are evloving into the Extreme Transaction Processing (XTP) applications which are characterized by exceptionally demanding performance, scalability, availability, security, manageability and dependability require requirements, elastic caching platforms (ECPs) are introduced to help meet these requirements. Three popular cache strategies for ECPs have been proposed, say replicated strategy, partitioned strategy and near strategy. According to our investigations, many ECPs support multiple cache strategies. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of the three cache strategies using the TPC-W benchmark. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first evaluation of distributed cache strategies for ECPs. The main contribution of this work is guidelines that could help system administrators decide effectively which cache strategy would perform better under different conditions. Our work shows that the selection of the best cache strategy is related with workload patterns, cluster size and the number of concurrent users. We also find that four important metrics (number of "get" operations, message throughput, get/put ratio, and cache hit rate) could be used to help characterize the current condition.
Tropical Endomyocardial Fibrosis (2016)

Tropical endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a neglected disease of poverty that afflicts rural populations in tropical low-income countries, with some certain high-prevalence areas. Tropical EMF is characterized by the deposition of fibrous tissue in the endomyocardium, leading to restrictive physiology. Since the first descriptions in Uganda in 1948, high-frequency areas for EMF have included Africa, Asia, and South America. Although there is no clear consensus on a unified hypothesis, it seems likely that dietary, environmental, and infectious factors may combine in a susceptible individual to give rise to an inflammatory process leading to endomyocardial damage and scar formation. The natural history of EMF includes an active phase with recurrent flare-ups of inflammation evolving to a chronic phase leading to restrictive heart failure. In the chronic phase, biventricular involvement is the most common presentation, followed by isolated right-sided heart disease. Marked ascites out of proportion to peripheral edema usually develops as a typical feature of EMF. EMF carries a very poor prognosis. In addition to medical management of heart failure, early open heart surgery (endocardectomy and valve repair/replacement) appears to improve outcomes to some extent; however, surgery is technically challenging and not available in most endemic areas. Increased awareness among health workers and policy makers is the need of the hour for the unhindered development of efficient preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Fast Insertion and Deletion in Compressed Texts (2012)

Text compression techniques like bzip2 lack the possibility to delete the nth word or to insert text be-fore the nth word of compressed texts without prior decompression of the compressed texts. We present a text compression technique that supports fast insertion into and deletion from compressed texts without full decompression of the compressed text. Our approach combines Indexed Reversible Transformation (IRT) [1], Run-Length-Encoding (RLE), and the Wavelet Tree (WT). For a reasona-ble size of inserted or deleted texts (more details are given in [2]), our approach is faster than modifying uncompressed text preceded by a decompression step and followed by a compression step.
Towards an ultra-low-power low-cost wireless visual sensor node for fine-grain detection of forest fires (2014)

Advances in electronics, sensor technologies, embedded hardware and software are boosting the application scenarios of wireless sensor networks. Specifically, the incorporation of visual capabilities into the nodes means a milestone, and a challenge, in terms of the amount of information sensed and processed by these networks. The scarcity of resourcespower, processing and memoryimposes strong restrictions on the vision hardware and algorithms suitable for implementation at the nodes. Both, hardware and algorithms must be adapted to the particular characteristics of the targeted application. This permits to achieve the required performance at lower energy and computational cost. We have followed this approach when addressing the detection of forest fires by means of wireless visual sensor networks. From the development of a smoke detection algorithm down to the design of a low-power smart imager, every step along the way has been influenced by the objective of reducing power consumption and computational resources as much as possible. Of course, reliability and robustness against false alarms have also been crucial requirements demanded by this specific application. All in all, we summarize in this paper our experience in this topic. In addition to a prototype vision system based on a full-custom smart imager, we also report results from a vision system based on ultra-low-power low-cost commercial imagers with a resolution of 3030 pixels. Even for this small number of pixels, we have been able to detect smoke at around 100 meters away without false alarms. For such tiny images, smoke is simply a moving grey stain within a blurry scene, but it features a particular spatio-temporal dynamics. As described in the manuscript, the key point to succeed with so low resolution thus falls on the adequate encoding of that dynamics at algorithm level.
The CB2 cannabinoid receptor as a therapeutic target in the central nervous system (2021)

In spite of the interest of targeting CB2r for pain, clinical trials evaluating CB2r agonist analgesic efficacy have currently failed. The preferential involvement of CB2r in preventing the development of chronic pain could influence the failure of clinical trials designed for the treatment of already established pain syndromes. Specific trials should be designed to target the prevention of chronic pain development.
Interlimb Coordination During a Combined Gait and Prehension Task (2019)

Reaching and grasping are often completed while walking, yet the interlimb coordination required for such a combined task is not fully understood. Previous studies have produced contradictory evidence regarding preference for support of the lower limb ipsilateral or contralateral to the upper limb when performing a reaching task. This coordinative aspect of the combined task provides insight into whether the two tasks are mutually modified or if the reach is superimposed upon normal arm swinging. Collectively, 18 right-handed young adults walked slower, took shorter steps, and spent more time in double support during the combined task compared with walking alone. The peak grasp aperture was larger in walking reach-to-grasp trials compared with standing trials. There was not a strong trend for lower limb support preferences at the reach initiation or object contact. The participants could begin walking with either foot and demonstrated variability of preferred gait initiation patterns. There was a range of interlimb coordination patterns, none of which could be generalized to all young adults. The variability with which healthy right-handed young adults execute a combined walking reach-to-grasp task suggests that the cyclical (walking) and discrete (prehension) motor tasks may have separate motor control mechanisms, as proposed in the two primitives theory.
<title>Ultraviolet-visible microspectrophotometer system for small-spot measurement and characterization of thin films</title> (1990)

The ultraviolet range of wavelengths, 200 -400 rim, hold considerable promise for improved measurement and characterization of certain thin films on wafers. In this region of the spectrum, small differences in chemical composition and variation in the optical constants of materials can produce important differences in the reflectivity. These can be observed by using a high sensitivity microspectrophotometer system. It is also well known that small differences in the composition and structure of metallic and semi-metaffic surfaces will cause pronounced differences in ultraviolet light reflectance. The visible-near infrared wavelength range from 400 - 900 rim has been well exploited for many years by the use of computerized microspectrophotometer systems (See Notes 1 , 2and3)designed to measure reflection spectra and mathematically calculate thickness and other properties of films. Many thousands of these units have been installed in wafer fabrication facilities throughout the world, and they are in routine use for film thickness production control. The present paper will not dwell on the well-known capability of these systems. In recent years there has been new research into and development of improved photolithography systems which use deep ultraviolet light to expose photoresist patterns on wafers. Deep ultraviolet radiation is generated for these systems by excimer laseis which emit wavelengths near 250 nm, and in other designs by quartz mercury lamps which produce a strong emission line also near 250 nm. In order to characterize sublayer surfaces below the photoresist to achieve known and reproducible reflectance which can affect exposure time, it will be necessary to measure and control reflectance and absorption of fihns produced by chemical vapor deposition, metallization, or other means.
Signal representation using adaptive Wave-Net (2002)

In this paper, an adaptive wavelet network (Wave-Net) is introduced for optimal signal representation using continuous wavelet transform. This adaptive Wave-Net has the ability to adapt the number of hidden-layer nodes or wavelet basis to the characteristics of the signal. A node creation scheme is proposed to accomplish this structural adaptability. The wavelet coefficients for the specific signal representation problems are obtained by updating the weights of the adaptive Wave-Net using the conjugate gradient method. The effectiveness of the proposed adaptive Wave-Net is demonstrated on a signal representation example and the results are compared with those of the standard Wave-Net structure.
Red Light-Emitting Diodes with All-Inorganic CsPbI3/TOPO Composite Nanowires Color Conversion Films (2020)

This work presents a method for obtaining a color-converted red light source through a combination of a blue GaN light-emitting diode and a red fluorescent color conversion film of a perovskite CsPbI<sub>3</sub>/TOPO composite. High-quality CsPbI<sub>3</sub> quantum dots (QDs) were prepared using the hot-injection method. The colloidal QD solutions were mixed with different ratios of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) to form nanowires. The color conversion films prepared by the mixed ultraviolet resin and colloidal solutions were coated on blue LEDs. The optical and electrical properties of the devices were measured and analyzed at an injection current of 50 mA; it was observed that the strongest red light intensity was 93.1 cd/m<sup>2</sup> and the external quantum efficiency was 5.7% at a wavelength of approximately 708 nm when CsPbI<sub>3</sub>/TOPO was 1:0.35.
Model for the Convective Transport of Particles in a Two-Dimensional Cluster (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTModel for the Convective Transport of Particles in a Two-Dimensional ClusterV. A. KuzView Author Information Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos, IFLYSIB (UNLP−CONICET−CIC), c.c 565, 1900 La Plata, ArgentinaCite this: Langmuir 1997, 13, 14, 3900–3901Publication Date (Web):July 9, 1997Publication History Received2 January 1996Revised7 April 1997Published online9 July 1997Published inissue 1 July 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la960016whttps://doi.org/10.1021/la960016wbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Crystallization,Crystals,Evaporation,Nanoparticles,Wetting Get e-Alerts
Chemical Constituents of the Male Flower of Alnus pendula (BETULACEAE) (1972)

Abstract The structure of alnustone (1) isolated from the male flower of Alnus pendula Matsum. has been established to be 1,7-diphenyl-1,3-heptadien-5-one. Previously-known compounds, β-phenylethyl cinnamate (6), cinnamaldehyde, benzylacetone, β-phenylethyl alcohol, pinocembrin (7), pinostrobin (8), alpinetin (9), galangin (11), pinosylvin (13), and its monomethyl ether (14), eugenol, chavicol, cinnamic acid, β-phenylpropionic acid, and benzoic acid, were identified along with the above new ketone.
Sacrificial agent-free photocatalytic H2O2evolutionviatwo-electron oxygen reduction using a ternary α-Fe2O3/CQD@g-C3N4photocatalyst with broad-spectrum response (2020)

The developed α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CQD@g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>can perform a direct one-step two-electron reduction for efficient photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>evolution in pure water.
Sprache – der blinde Fleck im Mediengebrauch und der Diskussion um Medienkompetenz (?) (2020)

In der Diskussion um Mediengebrauch und -kompetenz erscheint das Medium Sprache als blinder Fleck. Im Beitrag wird auf der Grundlage der theoretisch fundierten Differenzierung des Begriffs Medium und drei exemplarischen Analysen der Kodalität und Modalität digitaler Angebote für eine Refokussierung der sprachlichen Aspekte argumentiert und diskutiert. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass es notwendig ist, Medienkompetenz als eine grundlegend auf sprachlichen Kompetenzen fußende Kompetenz zu konzeptualisieren. In the discussion about media use and media competence, the medium ‘language’ seems to be a blind spot. Based on a theoretically grounded differentiation of medium and using three exemplary analyses of the codality and modality of digital offers, the article discusses the relevance of refocusing on linguistic aspects. The result shows that it is necessary to conceptualize media competence as a competence fundamentally based on language skills.
Another Example of a Credit System that Co‐Exists with Money (2008)

We study an economy in which exchange occurs pairwise, there is no commitment, and anonymous agents choose between random monetary trade or deterministic credit trade. To accomplish the latter, agents can exploit a costly technology that allows limited record‐keeping, and enforcement. An equilibrium with money and credit is shown to exist if the cost of using the technology is sufficiently small. Anonymity, record‐keeping, and enforcement limitations also permit some incidence of default, in equilibrium.
Co-Occurrence of Triclocarban and Triclosan in U.S. Water Resources (2005)

Triclocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS) are antimicrobial additives in personal care products. Whereas TCS has been studied extensively, the environmental fate of TCC remains largely unknown. To address this data gap, we performed quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analyses that suggested a propensity of TCC to persist in various environmental compartments with predicted half-lives ranging from 0.75 days in air to 540 days in sediment. Moreover, concentrations of both antimicrobials were measured in 42 environmental samples from the Greater Baltimore region using a combination of solid-phase extraction, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, and isotope dilution. The co-occurrence of TCC and TCS was observed, owing to similar properties, usage, disposal, and environmental half-lives. A linear empirical correlation (R2 = 0.9882) fit the log-log-transformed data from diverse aquatic media and spanned 5 orders of magnitude in concentration. Occurrences of TCC predicted for 85 U.S. streams were statistically indistinguishable from experimental regional data (alpha < or = 0.05). Annual loading of antimicrobials to water resources probably is dominated by activated sludge treatment plants (39-67%), followed by trickling filters (31-54%) and combined and sanitary sewer overflows (2-7% and <0.2%, respectively). Study results suggest that TCC is a previously unrecognized contaminant of U.S. water resources nationwide, likely ranking in the top 10 in occurrence rate and in the top 20 in maximum concentration among 96 organic pollutants considered. The magnitude and frequency of TCC contamination (regional, 6750 ng/L, 68%; predicted nationwide for 1999--2000, 1150 ng/L, 60%) were markedly higher than non-peer-reviewed numbers (240 ng/L, 30%, U.S.) currently used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for evaluating TCC's ecological and human health risks.
Systematic Study of the Asymmetric Methoxycarbonylation of Styrene Catalyzed by Palladium Systems Containing Chiral Ferrocenyl Diphosphine Ligands (2006)

Abstract We present the first systematic study of the Pd‐catalyzed asymmetric methoxycarbonylation of styrene in the presence of chiral ferrocenyl phosphine ligands. The reaction conditions were optimized, and a screening of different catalyst precursors was performed. A number of 1,1′‐bis(phosphino)ferrocenes of the Mandyphos, Josiphos, Walphos , and Taniaphos types were tested in combination with [PdCl 2 (NCPh) 2 ], in the presence of TsOH as the acid source. These systems afforded high enantioselectivities, although the regioselectivity of the reaction was found to be in favor of the (undesired) linear ester. The catalytic system made with the Josiphos ligand 1 gave rise to an enantiomeric excess (ee) of 86%.
Determining the impact of active ingredients on sunscreen UV resistance (2020)

In our continued efforts to eradicate skin cancer and other photodamaging effects caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, sunscreening agents have become our primary defense. However, despite the undeniable benefits of sunscreen, concerns have been raised due to the carcinogenic properties of several of their common active ingredients. Additionally, previous research has shown the unreliability of using sun protection factor (SPF) as a measure of sunscreen photoprotective ability. Given these considerations, this study set out to determine the impact different active ingredients would have on sunscreen UV resistance. It was hypothesized that the active ingredients’ UV absorbance spectrum would provide a better predictor of sunscreen photoprotection. In this report, three different sunscreens were chosen – one with titanium dioxide, one with benzophenone derivatives, and one with salicylates – to provide a broad range of tested sunscreens. Due to their similarity with human DNA, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultured and used as a model system for these experiments. By comparing the percentage decrease of live cells protected with sunscreen relative to a control (i.e. no exposure to UV radiation), it was found that a titanium dioxide-based sunscreen was the most effective. Notably, all three sunscreens tested had an SPF 50, yet yielded different results in photoprotective ability.
Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915) and His Contributions to the Foundation and Birth of Translational Medicine (2016)

Translational research and precision medicine are based on a profound knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to various physiologic processes and pathologic reactions in diverse organs. Whereas specific molecular interactions and mechanisms have been identified during the past 5 decades, the underlying principles were defined much earlier and originate from to the seminal observations made by outstanding researchers between 1850 and 1915. One of the most outstanding exponents of these scientists is Paul Ehrlich. His work resulted not only in the foundation and birth of modern hematology and immunology, but also led to the development of chemotherapy and specific targeted treatment concepts. In 2015, the Medical University of Vienna organized a memorial meeting, with the aim of honoring Paul Ehrlich's contributions to science, and to commemorate the 100th anniversary of his death. The authors of the current review served as faculty members and dedicate this paper to Paul Ehrlich and his remarkable contributions to medicine.
A Comprehensive Protocol for Laparotomy in Swine to Facilitate Ultrasound-Guided Injection into the Fetal Intraperitoneal Space (2019)

Swine are a commonly used animal model for biomedical research. One research application of swine models is the in utero injection of human or pig cells into the fetal liver (FL) or intraperitoneal space. In utero injections can be accomplished through laparotomy procedures in pregnant swine. In this study, we aimed to establish comprehensive laparotomy protocols for ultrasound-guided injections into fetuses. Two pregnant gilts, with a total of 16 fetuses, underwent laparotomy at 41 and 42 d of gestation. During surgery, we attempted to inject half of the fetuses in the FL or intraperitoneal space with saline and titanium wire for radiographic imaging after birth. After the laparotomy and fetal injections, both gilts maintained pregnancy throughout gestation and initiated labor at full term. Of the 16 fetuses present at the time of laparotomy, 12 were liveborn, 2 were stillborn, and the remaining 2 were mummies. A total of 7 fetuses from the 2 litters were known to have been injected with a wire during the surgery. After farrowing, piglets were radiographed, and 6 piglets were identified to have wire within the abdominal space. Livers were dissected, and additional radiographs were obtained. It was determined that one piglet had wire within the liver, whereas the other 5 had wire within the intraperitoneal space. Overall, we describe in-depth laparotomy surgery protocols, ultrasound-guided injection of saline and titanium wire into the FL or intraperitoneal space, postoperative monitoring protocols, and information on radiographic detection of titanium wire after piglet birth. These protocols can be followed by other research groups intending to inject cells of interest into either the intraperitoneal space or FL of fetal piglets.
Genetic Determination of Susceptibility to Estrogen-Induced Mammary Cancer in the ACI Rat (2004)

Hormonal, genetic, and environmental factors play major roles in the complex etiology of breast cancer. When treated continuously with 17beta-estradiol (E2), the ACI rat exhibits a genetically conferred propensity to develop mammary cancer. The susceptibility of the ACI rat to E2-induced mammary cancer appears to segregate as an incompletely dominant trait in crosses to the resistant Copenhagen (COP) strain. In both (ACI x COP)F(2) and (COP x ACI)F(2) populations, we find strong evidence for a major genetic determinant of susceptibility to E2-induced mammary cancer on distal rat chromosome 5. Our data are most consistent with a model in which the ACI allele of this locus, termed Emca1 (estrogen-induced mammary cancer 1), acts in an incompletely dominant manner to increase both tumor incidence and tumor multiplicity as well as to reduce tumor latency in these populations. We also find evidence suggestive of a second locus, Emca2, on chromosome 18 in the (ACI x COP)F(2) population. The ACI allele of Emca2 acts in a dominant manner to increase incidence and decrease latency. Together, Emca1 and Emca2 act independently to modify susceptibility to E2-induced mammary cancer.