gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Iridium, Shocked Minerals, and Trace Elements Across the Cretaceous/Tertiary Boundary at Maud Rise, Wedell Sea, and Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic Ocean (1988)

Sediments spanning a 5 meter section across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary at ODP holes 689B and 690D, Maud Rise, Wedell Sea and hole 527, Walvis Ridge, are being analyzed for shock deformation, PGE's and other trace elements (including REE's). Mineral separates from each sample were studied with optical microscopy to determine the distribution and microstructural state of quartz and feldspar present in the sediments. Samples from Maud Rise were taken of the K/T transition and at about 50 cm intervals above and below it. These samples consist of carbonate-rich sediments, with the K/T transition marked by a change from white Maastrichtian oozes to a greenish ooze with higher concentrations of altered volcanic clay and vitric ash. The Walvis Ridge site is characterized by more clay-rich sediments with average carbonate content about 60 to 70 percent. Initial results from RNAA studies indicate that iridium is present in all the Maud Rise samples in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01 ppb (whole-rock basis). Preliminary results from optical microscopy indicate the occurrence of shock mosaicism in quartz and feldspar in all of the samples studied. The pervasiveness of shock mosaicism and presence of planar features to 2 meters from the K/T boundary indicates that a single impact or volcanic explosion 66 ma may be ruled out as responsible for the K/T event. A similar conclusion may be drawn independently from the distribution of iridium and other trace elements. Regardless of the source of the shock waves and sediment contamination, multiple events are required over a ca.0.5 my timespan; currently we favor endogenous sources.
Ambipolar organic light emitting field effect transistors with modified asymmetric electrodes (2007)

The authors report on gate-controlled light emission from an organic field effect transistor composed of a vapor-deposited thin film of α,ω-bis(biphenyl-4-yl)-terthiophene (BP3T) with an electron injection layer of pentacene for the drain electrode. A n-triacontane thin film vapor deposited on a Si∕SiO2 wafer was used as a buffer layer for the gate dielectric. The location of emission zones within the channel where both injected carriers recombine was controlled by the gate voltage. The insertion of the pentacene and n-triacontane layers improved the threshold voltage and mobility for electrons, resulting in balanced ambipolar carrier injection and transport.
Use of yeasts for prevention and therapy (2013)

Yeasts are a rich source of amino acids, proteins, several dietary minerals (e.g. chromium, selenium, zinc, iron, magnesium, cooper, manganese), and the B vitamins, particularly recommended for a vegan or vegetarian diet as well as for young people during maturation. One of the most well-known species of yeasts used in health and wellness is Saccharomyces cerevisiae (the common name is brewer’s yeast). They are often used as a source of B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7 and B9). Typically, brewer’s yeast is used as a protein, vitamin and mineral supplement, energy booster, immune enhancer, or vehicle where other compounds can be inserted to create a commercialized health product. The biomass of brewer’s yeast is also considered as an extensive source of bioavailable minerals, particularly chromium and selenium. Chromium is an essential trace mineral, since being part of glucose tolerance factor it helps the body maintain normal blood sugar levels, thereby decreasing appetite (especially for sweet foods). Another yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica contains high levels of many important nutrients, exogenous amino acids, proteins, different minerals, and lipid compounds as mainly unsaturated fatty acids (about 90%). This yeast species is a rich source of nutrients for vegans, vegetarians, athletes and a dietary supplement for people after recovery. Saccharomyces boulardii, a yeast species, has been found to be an effective probiotic. The clinical activity of S. boulardii is especially relevant to antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and recurrent Clostridium difficile intestinal infections. In conclusion, several studies indicate that nutritional yeasts as well as S. boulardii are important products for prophylactic and/or therapeutic purposes.
Review and Evaluation of Shape Expansion Methods, #72 (2000)

Correlation criteria and modeshape expansion techniques deal with the spatial incompatibility linked to the measurement of modeshapes through a limited set of physical sensors and their analytical prediction at a (larger) number of finite element (FE) degrees of freedom (DOFs). Expansion techniques have two conflicting objectives : estimate the motion at all FE DOFs and smooth test errors. The paper first proposes a unified perspective that covers most existing expansion methods. Examples, based on a model of the GARTEUR SM-AG-19 testbed, are used then to analyze the performance of major expansion methods (modal, static, dynamic, minimum residual, and minimum residual with test error). The impact of three usual sources of errors is then considered : inaccuracies in the way true sensor locations are taken into account; error in the test data; errors in the FE model used for the expansion.
The effect of mediastinal irradiation on cardiac function of patients treated during childhood and adolescence for Hodgkin's disease. (1987)

To determine the frequency of cardiac dysfunction in patients treated during childhood or adolescence with mediastinal irradiation for Hodgkin's disease (HD), 28 patients underwent cardiac evaluation 19 to 182 months (median, 90 months) after the completion of radiation therapy. No patient had symptoms of cardiac disease. All were normotensive. All patients had a normal cardiothoracic ratio. There were no abnormalities of voltage or rhythm in the ECGs. The left ventricular end diastolic volume was increased in 19.2% of patients, none of whom had evidence of impaired left ventricular function. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was increased in 15.3% of patients. No patient had a decreased LVEF. Pericardial thickening was demonstrated on echocardiograms from 12 of 28 patients (42.9%). Thickening was more frequent among those patients observed for 72 or more months (47.1%; eight of 17) than among those with shorter periods of follow-up (36.4%; four of 11). This study demonstrates that cardiac dysfunction is an infrequent sequela of mediastinal irradiation following treatment using an equally weighted, anterior-posterior technique. Longitudinal study of these patients will be necessary to determine the clinical significance and evolution of the occult pericardial thickening that was identified.
Application of new techniques for characterization of non‐metallic inclusions in steel (1995)

This research, aiming at a new approach to the characterization of non‐metallic inclusions in steel, has revealed how to measure and specify them quantitatively. Inclusions to be measured are the ones near the surface or the center of continuously cast low carbon steel, and also those in two sorts of bearing steel after rolling. The specimens are prepared for microscopic observation of the sectioned inclusions, and SEM observation of the inclusions floating up on the surfaces after electron beam remelting of the specimens. Two new methods, which have been proposed in consideration of not only the particle sizes but also the shapes, are applied for the measurement. For the low carbon steel, the inclusions, as a whole or as limited only to alumina, are larger and more spherical in the central zone than those in the surface‐near areas. Morphological differences between the inclusions in these bearing steels can be statistically clarified. The new approach shows that even the overlapping information can be individually separated and quantified by using approximate functions through the suitable choice of variable conversion. Examination and discussion on the present quantitative results can be enriched with various combinations of the specimens and the methods. The achievement can also suggest several remarks for further investigation on inclusions.
AutoTSC: Optimization Algorithm to Automatically Solve the Time Series Classification Problem (2021)

Nowadays Automated Machine Learning, abbreviated AutoML, is recognized as a good solution to quickly find a model without spending too much time on the tedious task of selecting an algorithm and its associated hyperparameters. AutoML is well studied on traditional classification problems but has never been explored on Time Series Classification (TSC) problems. Yet, we show in this article that this problem is different enough to require specific approaches. Indeed, while the preprocessing phases need to be defined with classical ML algorithms, most of them are embedded within the algorithms for TSC. This particularity is mainly due to the fact that we are dealing with ordered data. Over the last decade, there has been a lot of interest for this problem and many new ML algorithms oriented toward TSC (ML-TSC) have blossomed. A practitioner facing a TSC use case, and searching for the most adequate algorithm now has a wide range of options, and will generally end up trying a few algorithms with standard hyperparameters, similarly to what happens in classical ML. Clearly, this is suboptimal. In this article we propose an AutoML solution called AutoTSC based on Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) and its associated ML-TSC search space. AutoTSC, when tested against standard datasets from the UCR archive, outperforms both a Random Search on the proposed search space and TPOT a well known standard AutoML tool.
Supplementary Tables S1-S10 from <i>NPY</i> Methylated ctDNA is a Promising Biomarker for Treatment Response Monitoring in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1. Negative control samples used for LOB determination; Table S2. Quality of sequencing of BRAF and RAS genes; Table S3. REMARK checklist; Table S4. Patient characteristics; Table S5. Safety profiles; Table S6. Adverse event data; Table S7. Association of detectable ctDNA at baseline and patient characteristics; Table S8. Response in the LctDNA and HctDNA group; Table S9. BRAF V600E mutation analysis in patient 13; Table S10. Clinical trials comparing anti-EGFR and anti-VEGF in first-line therapy of RAS WT mCRC.&lt;/p&gt;
Chemical reactions in low-g (1978)

The Apollo-Soyuz flight experiment, 'Chemical Foams' demonstrated that foams and air/liquid dispersions are much more stable in low-gravity than on the ground. It thus should be possible to conduct unique chemical reactions in space foams. The low-g results and subsequent ground work on the formaldehyde clock reaction indicate that the reaction is strongly influenced by (1) dissociated and undissociated solution species being adsorbed at solid/liquid and gas/liquid surfaces and (2) chemical reaction rates apparently being affected by long-range forces determined by the liquid mass and the extent and nature of all surface interfaces.
Snap-dragging: interactive geometric design in two and three dimensions (1988)

A new technique has been developed for designing precise two and three-dimensional shapes rapidly and interactively. A synthesis of the best properties of grid-based systems, constraint networks, and drafting has resulted in a new technique called "snap-dragging". &lt;p&gt;To aid precise construction, a set of lines, circles, planes, and spheres, called 'alignment objects' are constructed by the system at a set of slopes, angles, and distances specified by the user. These alignment objects are constructed at each vertex or edge that the user has declared to be 'hot' (of interest). Vertices and edges can also be made hot by the system automatically through some heuristics. &lt;p&gt;The user can snap the cursor onto these alignment objects, onto their points or lines of intersections, or onto scene objects using an adjustable 'gravity mapping'. Finally, the user can translate, rotate, scale, and skew shapes, by specifying which operation is desired, then grabbing a point on the object and dragging it to a suitable, precise location. &lt;p&gt;Snap-dragging was incorporated into a prototype two-dimensional illustration system at Xerox PARC which has been used successfully by a community of users since 1986
Coordination Issues in Supply Chain Planning and Scheduling (2006)

Network planning, production planning, and production scheduling are topics that have been discussed in the supply chain literature for many years. In this chapter we first provide an overview of all the different planning activities that can take place in supply chains while considering the existing functionalities that are available in commercial supply chain planning software. As a second step we consider the coordination and integration of these different activities in the implementation of a supply chain planning solution, which comprises network planning, production planning, and production scheduling. We conclude this chapter with a detailed discussion of an implementation of a supply chain planning solution at the tissue producer SCA Hygiene in Sweden.
View-dependent scalable coding of light fields using ROI-based techniques (2006)

This paper proposes a scalable coding scheme for interactive streaming of dynamic light fields, in which a region of interest (ROI) approach is applied for multi-view image sets. In our method, the image segments that are essential for synthesizing the view requested by a remote user are included in an ROI, which is compressed and transmitted with high priority. Since the data for the desired view are transmitted with the data for its neighboring views as the ROI, the user can render high quality novel views around the desired viewpoint before the arrival of the next frame data. Thus our method can compensate the movement of the remote user even if the network has high latency. Since the user can arbitrarily choose the movable range of the viewpoint by changing the size and weight ratio of the ROI, we call this functionality view-dependent scalability. Using a modified JPEG2000 codec, we evaluated the view-dependent scalability of our scheme by measuring the quality of synthesized views against the distance from the originally desired viewpoint.
Supplementary Methods, Figures S1 - S20 from Genomic Characterization of Brain Metastases Reveals Branched Evolution and Potential Therapeutic Targets (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods, Figures S1 - S20. Figure S1. Branched evolution leads to tissue-sampling bias in primary tumor samples. Figure S2. Results of ABSOLUTE on samples from patient 418. Figure S3. 2D Bayesian clustering analysis of point-mutation CCF distributions in case 418. Figure S4. Bayesian clustering of private point-mutation CCF distributions in all sequenced tissue samples from case 418. Figure S5. Genetic alterations supporting phylogeny construction in case 418. Figure S6. Phylogenetic tree for case 418 Figure S7. Evolutionary relationships between primary tumor-samples and brain metastasis samples Figure S8. Detection of homozygous deletion in CDKN2A in the brain metastasis of case 24. Figure S9. Amplification of FGFR1 and MYC detected in the brain metastasis of case 331. Figure S10. Additional alterations under investigation for association with various targeted therapies. Figure S11. Power for paired-detection of somatic mutations. Figure S12. Amplification of CCNE1 detected in the brain metastasis of case 314. Figure S13. Amplification of EGFR detected in the brain metastasis of case 314. Figure S14. Amplification of MYC detected in the brain metastasis of case 308. Figure S15. Amplification of MYC detected in the brain metastasis of case 138. Figure S16. Amplifications of CDK6 and MET detected in the brain metastasis of case 138. Figure S17. Amplifications of CCNE1 and AKT2 detected in the brain metastasis of case 138. Figure S18. Amplification of EGFR detected in a regional lymph node from case 296. Figure S19. Power for somatic mutation detection in 86 matched primary-tumor and brain-metastasis samples. Figure S20. Calling of amplifications in primary-tumor samples and paired brain metastases.&lt;/p&gt;
Combination Doppler backscattering/cross-polarization scattering diagnostic for the C-2W field-reversed configuration (2018)

A versatile combination Doppler backscattering and Cross-Polarization Scattering (CPS) diagnostic for the C-2W beam-driven field-reversed configuration is described. This system is capable of measuring density fluctuations and perpendicular magnetic field fluctuations across a wide wavenumber range (2.5 ≤ <i>k</i> <sub>θ</sub> <i>ρ</i> <sub>s</sub> ≤ 50), with typical resolution Δ<i>k</i> <sub>θ</sub>/<i>k</i> <sub>θ</sub> ≤ 0.4-0.8. Four tunable frequencies (26 GHz ≤ <i>f</i> ≤ 60 GHz corresponding to plasma cut-off densities 0.8 × 10<sup>19</sup> ≤ <i>n</i> <sub>e</sub> ≤ 4.4 × 10<sup>19</sup> m<sup>-3</sup>) are launched via quasi-optical beam combiners/polarizers and an adjustable parabolic focusing mirror selecting the beam incidence angle. GENRAY ray tracing shows that the incident O-mode and backscattered CPS X-mode beam trajectories for C-2W plasma parameters nearly overlap, allowing simultaneous detection of <i>ñ</i> and <i>B̃</i> <sub>r</sub> or <i>B̃</i> <sub>θ</sub> from essentially the same scattering volume.
Analytical Modeling of Nonlinear Propagation in Uncompensated Optical Transmission Links (2011)

We present analytical results on the impact of nonlinear propagation in uncompensated links. We test the accuracy of our model in the context of ultradense wavelength-division-multiplexing polarization-multiplexed quadrature phase-shift keying (PM-QPSK) systems, at the Nyquist spectral efficiency limit. We show that the predicted system performance matches simulation results very accurately over a broad range of system scenarios. A simple closed-form analytical formula provides an effective tool for the quick and accurate prediction of system performance.
Jak3 Is Involved in Dendritic Cell Maturation and CCR7-Dependent Migration (2009)

Altogether, our data provide strong evidence that Jak3 is important for DC maturation, migration and function, through a CCR7-mediated signalling pathway.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Plastin Polymorphisms Predict Gender- and Stage-Specific Colon Cancer Recurrence after Adjuvant Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 56KB, Time-to-tumor recurrence (TTR) by PLS3 rs6643869 in USC cohort (Training set) stage II/III CRC male patients treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;
A visible light mediated, metal and oxidant free highly efficient cross dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction between quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones and ethers (2019)

The white light mediated, 3C alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1<italic>H</italic>)-ones <italic>via</italic> a cross dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction with cyclic ethers using eosin Y as a photocatalyst is described. The reaction proceeds <italic>via</italic> a hydrogen abstraction and transfer process.
Alpha-Fetoprotein and Hepatitis B Antigen in Acute Hepatitis and Primary Cancer of the Liver (1973)

Ruoslahti, E., Seppälä, M., Räsänen, J. A., Vuopio, P. & Helske, T. 1973. Alpha-Fetoprotein and Hepatitis B Antigen in Acute Hepatitis and Primary Cancer of the Liver. Scand. J. Gastroent. 8, 197-202.A relationship between alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and the hepatitis B (HB Ag, H.A.A., SH, Australia) antigen was recently suggested by an increased incidence of HB Ag with a concomitant elevated serum AFP level in primary liver cancer, and an increase of serum AFP in HB Ag positive hepatitis. We determined circulating AFP levels by a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay and found increased levels in 3 out of 19 patients with acute hepatitis. These 3 were HB Ag negative. Sequential serum samples revealed an increase of AFP within the normal range in 4 patients, of whom 2 were HB Ag positive and 2 negative. AFP levels in 100 apparently healthy carriers of HB Ag were similar to those found in the normal Finnish population. Of 23 patients with a histologically verified primary liver cancer, 3 showed evidence of previous contact with the hepatitis B antigen. While hepatitis may play a role in the aetiology of primary cancer of the liver even in Scandinavia, our results do not indicate a straightforward relationship between the presence of HB Ag and increased serum levels of AFP.
Methanotrophs and methanogens for pollution control: PCE, TCE removal from ground water and macro-nutrient removals from waste water. Annual report, April 1, 1989-March 31, 1990 (1991)

The study is the second phase of a large effort to utilize aerobic bacteria that use methane gas as an energy source to degrade toxics often found in contaminated groundwater. The focus of the effort was on the attached microbial film expanded bed reactor as a bioreactor that would accumulate large concentrations of bacteria. During the past year, most experiments included continuously flowing bioreactor parametric definition at 35 C with trichloroethylene. Earlier work had defined good potential for the methanotrophic attached film expanded bed (MAFEB) for establishing high microbial concentrations that would enable high flow rate treatment of water. It was found that the maximum specific substrate removal rate was 0.54 mgTCE/gVS-d and the half rate coefficients, K(sub s), was 3.7 mgTCE/L. These values were similar for batch and continuous operations with slightly lower K(sub s) values determined for the continuous operations. The relatively high value of K(sub s) indicates that the methanotrophic system has some difficulty rapidly degrading TCE. For this reason, an anaerobic first stage system was considered. This was tested and found to be feasible with the degradation rates greater than 100 times that of the methanotrophic system. The disadvantage of the AAFEB using the methanogenic systemmore » was that the final product was vinyl chloride. This was found to be rapidly degraded by the MAFEB step.« less
Polarization analysis of Brillouin scattering in a circularly birefringent fiber ring resonator (1997)

A complete analysis of the eigenstate of polarization (ESOP's) in a Brillouin fiber ring laser using fibers with a high circular birefringence is proposed in this paper. Conditions to obtain circular ESOP's for application in a Brillouin fiber optic current sensor are highlighted as well as conditions to have stable ESOP's for applications in other passive or active sensors. Measurements are performed on a Brillouin laser using a mechanically twisted fiber ring resonator confirming the theoretical predictions. Ring resonator configurations using linearly birefringent fibers are compared to configurations using circularly birefringent fibers.
Peritoneal dialysis in dogs and cats: 27 cases (1976-1987) (1989)

The records of 25 dogs and 2 cats treated with peritoneal dialysis during an 11-year period were evaluated. The indications for peritoneal dialysis were acute renal failure in 21 animals, chronic renal failure in 5 animals, and azotemia of undetermined cause in 1 animal. Peritoneal dialysis resulted in a significant (P less than 0.05) decrease in serum urea nitrogen concentration in 19 of the dogs and a significant (P less than 0.05) decrease in serum creatinine in 20 dogs. The most common complication of peritoneal dialysis was hypoalbuminemia (11 animals affected). Other common complications were dialysate retention/catheter obstruction (8 animals), peritonitis (6 animals), hypochloremia (6 animals), and subcutaneous leakage of dialysate (6 animals). Twelve dogs and 2 cats died during treatment, 6 dogs were euthanatized, and 1 dog was lost to follow-up evaluation. The remaining 6 dogs survived and were discharged from the hospital after successful peritoneal dialysis. On the basis of the results of this study, the authors concluded that peritoneal dialysis, although associated with a high complication rate, was a successful technique for reducing azotemia in dogs with acute and chronic renal failure. Survival rates were poor because of the severity of the underlying renal diseases.