gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RNA interference for α-ENaC inhibits rat lung fluid absorption in vivo (2005)

We used siRNA against the alpha-ENaC (epithelial Na channel) subunit to investigate ENaC involvement in lung fluid absorption in rats by the impermeable tracer technique during baseline and after beta-adrenoceptor stimulation by terbutaline. Terbutaline stimulation of lung fluid absorption increased fluid absorption by 165% in pSi-0-pretreated rat lungs (irrelevant siRNA-generating plasmid). Terbutaline failed to increase lung fluid absorption in rats given the specific alpha-ENaC siRNA-generating plasmid (pSi-4). pSi-4 pretreatment reduced baseline lung fluid absorption by approximately 30%. alpha-ENaC was undetectable in pSi-4-pretreated lungs, regardless of condition but was normal in pSi-0-pretreated lungs. We carried out a dose-response analysis where rats were given 0-200 microg/kg body wt pSi-4, and alpha-ENaC mRNA and protein expressions were analyzed. To reach IC(50) for alpha-ENaC mRNA expression, 32 microg/kg body wt pSi-4 was needed, and to reach IC(50) for alpha-ENaC protein expression, 59 microg/kg body wt pSi-4 was needed. We tested for lung tissue specificity and found no changes in beta-ENaC expression, at either mRNA or protein level, as well as no changes in alpha(1)-Na-K-ATPase protein expression. We isolated alveolar epithelial type II cells 24 h after in vivo pSi-4 pretreatment. In these cells, alpha-ENaC mRNA was undetectable, demonstrating that alveolar epithelial ENaC expression was attenuated after intratracheal alpha-ENaC siRNA-generating plasmid DNA instillation. We tested for organ specificity and found no changes in kidney alpha- and beta-ENaC mRNA and protein expression. Thus we provide conclusive evidence that beta-adrenoceptor stimulation of lung fluid absorption is critically ENaC dependent, whereas baseline lung fluid absorption seemed less ENaC dependent.
ASIAN- JA ASIAKIRJANHALLINTA-JÄRJESTELMÄN TIETOKANTARAKENTEEN SELVITYS JA DOKUMENTOINTI (2014)

Opinnäytetyö tehtiin yksityisellä puolella toimivalle yritykselle, jonka toiminta perustuu ohjelmakehitykseen.\nYritys suunnittelee ja toteuttaa mm. asian- ja asianhallintajärjestelmiä pääosin julkishallintoon.\nOpinnäytetyön aihe sai alkunsa tarpeesta selvittää nykyisen asian- ja asiakirjanhallintajärjestelmän tietokannan\nrakenne. Tietokannan rakennetta ei ollut dokumentoitu alun suunnittelupalaverien jälkeen, joten 10\nvuotta vanhan järjestelmän kantarakenteen selvittäminen jälkikäteen oli tehtävä.\nTyön pääpaino oli teknisen asiakastuen tueksi tehtävä ohjeistus. Erityisesti ongelmien selvittelyssä avuksi\noleva dokumentaatio tehtiin mahdollisimman kattavaksi, jotta sitä voitaisiin käyttää hyödyksi.\nRaportissa kerrotaan teoriapuolta relaatiotietokannoista ja niiden optimoinnista. Tämän jälkeen selvitetään\nkantarakenteen dokumentoimisessa käytettyä aikaa ja työn varsinaista etenemistä. Varsinainen kantarakenteen\nselvitysraportti ei työhön kuulu, sillä kyseessä on yritykselle liiketoiminnan kannalta tärkeä yrityssalaisuus.\nLopuksi pohditaan vielä nykyisen tietokantarakenteen toimivuutta ja sen mahdollisia ongelmia. Tietokantarakennetta\nanalysoidaan myös tietokannan optimoinnin näkökulmasta.
Fast and smooth highly nonlinear multidimensional table models for device modeling (1990)

A general scheme is presented for the construction of device models for circuit simulators. Two general n-dimensional C/sup 1/ table models have been constructed under this scheme. Each table model can automatically reconstruct the exact DC current behavior of two basic physical device models, namely, the Ebers-Moll bipolar transistor model and the GLASMOST MOSFET model. The evaluation times of the three-dimensional table model implementations are less than those of advanced physical CAD device models. The table models are generally very accurate and have negligible model development time. Both table models have been implemented in the SPICE-like circuit simulator PHILPAC.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Photonic crystals through holographic lithography: Simple cubic, diamond-like, and gyroid-like structures (2004)

We show how to fabricate three basic photonic crystal structures with simple cubic, fcc, and bcc translational symmetry by interference lithography. The structures are fabricable by the interference of beams launched from the same half space. The simple cubic structure is size scalable while the structure with fcc translational symmetry possesses two band gaps. Both these structures are experimentally realized.
Cathodoluminescence of CaS:Ce[sup 3+] and CaS:Eu[sup 2+] Phosphors (1971)

Data are presented on green‐emitting , red‐emitting , and doubly activated , including spectra, efficiency, and decay characteristics. Green rivals the best green ZnS‐type phosphors in efficiency, color, and brightness at low beam current and is appreciably better at high current. Red is better than in terms of efficiency but, because of the less favorable emission spectrum, only about equal to it in brightness.
An adaptive map-matching based on Dynamic Time Warping for pedestrian positioning using network map (2012)

This study aims to recognize a pedestrian's position in a metropolitan environment. In this study, we attempt to improve the accuracy of the positioning result by combining a map-matching method with the dead-reckoning estimation result estimated using portable sensor values. We use a network map for map-matching and apply the Dynamic Time Warping algorithm as the matching method to realize a robust map-matching for a pedestrian's complex walking route pattern. In an experiment in the city of Ginza, Tokyo, which covers an area of 800 square meters, the duration for one test case ranged from 30 min to 1 h. According to our evaluation, our proposed method has an average positioning error of 2.9 m Therefore, the proposed method has robust positioning in case of variable pace walking, meandering, and random stoppages.
Distinctive Roles of PHAP Proteins and Prothymosin-α in a Death Regulatory Pathway (2003)

A small molecule, alpha-(trichloromethyl)-4-pyridineethanol (PETCM), was identified by high-throughput screening as an activator of caspase-3 in extracts of a panel of cancer cells. PETCM was used in combination with biochemical fractionation to identify a pathway that regulates mitochondria-initiated caspase activation. This pathway consists of tumor suppressor putative HLA-DR-associated proteins (PHAP) and oncoprotein prothymosin-alpha (ProT). PHAP proteins promoted caspase-9 activation after apoptosome formation, whereas ProT negatively regulated caspase-9 activation by inhibiting apoptosome formation. PETCM relieved ProT inhibition and allowed apoptosome formation at a physiological concentration of deoxyadenosine triphosphate. Elimination of ProT expression by RNA interference sensitized cells to ultraviolet irradiation-induced apoptosis and negated the requirement of PETCM for caspase activation. Thus, this chemical-biological combinatory approach has revealed the regulatory roles of oncoprotein ProT and tumor suppressor PHAP in apoptosis.
Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Mercuric Ion Based on a Visual Fluorescence Method (2012)

The instant and on-site detection of trace aqueous mercuric ion still remains a challenge for environmental monitoring and protection. This work demonstrates a new analytical method and its utility for visual detection of aqueous Hg(2+) on the basis of a novel water-soluble CdSe-ZnS quantum dots (QDs) functionalized with a bidentate ligand of 2-hydroxyethyldithiocarbamate (HDTC). The fluorescence of the aqueous HDTC modified QDs (HDTC-QDs) could be selectively and efficiently quenched by Hg(2+) through a surface chelating reaction between HDTC and Hg(2+), and the detection limit was measured to be 1 ppb. Most interestingly, the orange fluorescence of the HDTC-QDs gradually changes to red upon the increasing amount of Hg(2+) added besides the decreasing of the fluorescence intensity. By taking advantage of this optical phenomenon, a paper-based sensor for aqueous Hg(2+) detection has been developed by immobilizing the HDTC-QDs on cellulose acetate paper which has low background fluorescence in the wavelength range. The paper-based sensor showed high sensitivity and selectivity for Hg(2+) visual detection. When Hg(2+) was dropped onto the paper-sensor, an obviously distinguishable fluorescence color evolution (from orange to red) could be clearly observed depending on the concentration of Hg(2+). The limit of detection of the visual method for aqueous Hg(2+) detection was as low as 0.2 ppm. The very simple and effective strategy reported here should facilitate the development of portable and reliable fluorescence chemosensors for mercuric pollution control.
Consideration on Distribution and Size of Dendritic Type II MnS-inclusion in Steel Dendrite Structure. (1994)

Roddiameter of Type II manganese-sulfide inclusion precipitating in residual melt among steel dendrites is observed. The data about relationship between diameter, distribution/size of the inclusions and steel dendrite arm spacings were considered. Thesample steels solidified under several steady state uni-directional solidification conditions. The consideration was done from a view point of cooling rate dependencyof MnS-dendrite arm spacings, taking cooling behavior as well as shrinkage of the residual melt pool into account. The result. in experiments that rod size of MnS-inclusions is correlated to Solidification-Unit-Cell volume is explained from cooling behavior of the residual melt pool.
Antitumor Agents, 119. Kansuiphorins A and B, Two Novel Antileukemic Diterpene Esters from Euphorbia kansui (1991)

The extract of the roots of Euphorbia kansui, which has been widely used in Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of cancer, demonstrated antileukemic activity against the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia in mice. Bioassay-directed fractionation of the active extract led to the isolation and characterization of two novel antileukemic diterpene esters, kansuiphorin A [1] [13-hydroxyingenol-3-(2,3-dimethylbutanoate)-13-dodecanoate- 20- hexadecanoate] and kansuiphorin B [2] [6,7-epoxy-13-hydroxyingenol-3-(2,3-dimethylbutanoate)-13-do decanoate-20- hexadecanoate], whose structures were established from spectral evidence and chemical transformation. Kansuiphorins A and B demonstrated potent antileukemic activity with T/C greater than or equal to 176 and 177% at 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively. The selectivity of kansuiphorin A, which inhibits the growth of particular cell types within the disease-oriented human cancer cell line panels, is discussed.
trans-2-Phenylcyclopropylamine Is a Mechanism-Based Inactivator of the Histone Demethylase LSD1 (2007)

The catalytic domain of the flavin-dependent human histone demethylase lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) belongs to the family of amine oxidases including polyamine oxidase and monoamine oxidase (MAO). We previously assessed monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) for their ability to inhibit the reaction catalyzed by LSD1 [Lee, M. G., et al. (2006) Chem. Biol. 13, 563-567], demonstrating that trans-2-phenylcyclopropylamine (2-PCPA, tranylcypromine, Parnate) was the most potent with respect to LSD1. Here we show that 2-PCPA is a time-dependent, mechanism-based irreversible inhibitor of LSD1 with a KI of 242 microM and a kinact of 0.0106 s-1. 2-PCPA shows limited selectivity for human MAOs versus LSD1, with kinact/KI values only 16-fold and 2.4-fold higher for MAO B and MAO A, respectively. Profiles of LSD1 activity and inactivation by 2-PCPA as a function of pH are consistent with a mechanism of inactivation dependent upon enzyme catalysis. Mass spectrometry supports a role for FAD as the site of covalent modification by 2-PCPA. These results will provide a foundation for the design of cyclopropylamine-based inhibitors that are selective for LSD1 to probe its role in vivo.
Comparative screening of single nucleotide polymorphisms in β-casein and κ-casein gene in different livestock breeds of India (2015)

The most polymorphic milk protein gene is β-casein; 13 protein variants are known in cattle. Milk protein genetic polymorphism has received considerable research interest in recent years because of possible associations between milk protein and economically important traits in livestock. The present study was undertaken to explore the genetic polymorphisms in exon 7 of β-casein and exon 4 of κ-casein genes in Arunachali yaks (Bos grunniens), Sahiwal (Bos indicus) cattle, malpura sheep (Ovis aries) and Gaddi goat (Capra hircus). Results of the study revealed presence of 11 SNP variants in all livestock species. Four SNPs were observed in Bos indicus; two SNPs in Bos grunniens; three SNPs in Ovis aries and three SNPs in Capra hircus. These variations are found to be synonymous in nature as these variations do not result in their corresponding amino acids. A total of five polymorphic sites have been described at the κ-casein (CSN3) locus in the Indian domestic Gaddi goat (Capra hircus) when compared with exotic goat (X60763) while sequence analysis of κ-casein gene in sheep showed three novel nucleotide changes in malpura sheep when compared with the exotic sheep (AY237637). These results highlight the importance of taking into consideration the CSN3 SNPs when performing selection for milk composition in dairy livestock breeds.
Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Two Interacting Modes in Parametrically Driven Surface Waves (1998)

Nonlinear waves with basic wave numbers, ${k}_{1}$ and ${k}_{2}$, are simultaneously excited via two-frequency parametric excitation of a fluid surface. Three new multiwave states are observed: (1) A superlattice state composed of ${k}_{1}$ and ${k}_{2}$ whose relative orientation is governed by a temporal resonance condition, (2) a superlattice built entirely of wave numbers ${k}_{1}$ and ${k}_{1}/2$, and (3) a state composed of wave numbers of lengths ${k}_{1}$ and ${k}_{2}$ that are uncorrelated in both space and time. The three states exhibit interesting temporal as well as spatial behavior and are observed in a variety of frequency combinations.
A Convenient Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of N,N‘-Bis(2-propenyl)-2,7-diazapyrenium Quaternary Salts (2000)

N,N'-Bis(2-propenyl)-2,7-diazapyrenium salts are synthesized in good yield from the reaction of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride with allylamine, followed by LiAlH(4) reduction and subsequent oxidation with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ). The nature of the counteranion depends on the solvent system used for recrystallization of the crude product from the final DDQ-oxidation step. X-ray analysis shows that if recrystallization is carried out in boiling CH(3)OH/H(2)O (1:1, v/v), the counteranion in the resulting deep-red crystals is always the alkoxy anion of 2-cyano-5,6-dichloro-3-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone, whether the final DDQ oxidation ends with addition of HClO(4) or HCl; on the other hand, if recrystallization is carried out with anhydrous acetonitrile, the product is N,N'-bis(2-propenyl)-2,7-diazapyrenium diperchlorate or dichloride depending on whether the DDQ oxidation is followed by addition of concd HClO(4) or concd HCl, respectively. Importantly, if the DDQ oxidation is quenched with HBr, Br(-) is oxidized to Br(2) by unreacted DDQ, and the resulting product is N, N'-bis(2,3-dibromopropyl)-2,7-diazapyrenium dibromide. Comparative absorption and time-resolved emission studies provide evidence for possible dimerization of N,N'-bis(2-propenyl)-2,7-diazapyrenium diperchlorate in CH(3)CN.
CBIO-07. CELL DEATH INDUCED BY AN OSCILLATING MAGNETIC FIELD IN PATIENT DERIVED GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS IS MEDIATED BY REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (2020)

Abstract Noninvasive cancer therapy with minimal side effects would be ideal for improving patient outcome in the clinic. We have developed a novel therapy using strong rotating magnets mounted on a helmet. They generate oscillating magnetic fields (OMF) that penetrate through the skull and cover the entire brain. We have demonstrated that OMF can effectively kill patient derived glioblastoma (GBM) cells in cell culture without having cytotoxic effects on cortical neurons and normal human astrocytes (NHA). Exposure of GBM cells to OMF reduced the cell viability by 33% in comparison to sham-treated cells (p&amp;lt; 0.001), while not affecting NHA cell viability. Time lapse video-microscopy for 16 h after OMF exposure showed a marked elevation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), and rapid apoptosis of GBM cells due to activation of caspase 3. Addition of a potent antioxidant vitamin E analog Trolox effectively blocked OMF-induced GBM cell death. Furthermore, OMF significantly potentiated the cytotoxic effect of the pro-oxidant Benzylamine. The results of our studies demonstrate that OMF-induced cell death is mediated by ROS generation. These results demonstrate a potent oncolytic effect on GBM cells that is novel and unrelated to any previously described therapy, including a very different mechanism of action and different technology compared to Optune therapy. The effect is very powerful, and unlike Optune, can be seen within hours after initiation of treatment. We believe that this technology holds great promise for new, effective and nontoxic treatment of glioblastoma.
SSE: Semantically Smooth Embedding for Knowledge Graphs (2016)

This paper considers the problem of embedding Knowledge Graphs (KGs) consisting of entities and relations into low-dimensional vector spaces. Most of the existing methods perform this task based solely on observed facts. The only requirement is that the learned embeddings should be compatible within each individual fact. In this paper, aiming at further discovering the intrinsic geometric structure of the embedding space, we propose <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Semantically Smooth Embedding</i> (SSE). The key idea of SSE is to take full advantage of additional semantic information and enforce the embedding space to be semantically smooth, i.e., entities belonging to the same semantic category will lie close to each other in the embedding space. Two manifold learning algorithms Laplacian Eigenmaps and Locally Linear Embedding are used to model the smoothness assumption. Both are formulated as geometrically based regularization terms to constrain the embedding task. Two lines of embedding strategies are tested, i.e., strategies based on latent distance models and strategies based on tensor factorization techniques. We empirically evaluate SSE on two benchmark tasks of link prediction and triple classification, and achieve significant and consistent improvements over state-of-the-art methods. The results demonstrate the superiority and generality of SSE.
Design of MDA Based Model Transformation Profile for Model Verification (2012)

Validation of existing software design models and transformed target models for the study, mainly checking (Model Checking) with a code-based software designed to define in the abstract syntax tree or on the models generated using refactoring on design models for refinery operations and define how to perform. The problem with these traditional research methods, but the first model, design model for checking the information with the model by defining a formal representation in the form of an abstract syntax tree, as you've shown how to perform validation of UML design model. Additional steps need to define more complex due to a software problem that is not the way to the model suitable for model transformation verification. In this paper, as defined in the MDA based model transformation studies of a graph based mode transformation, and how to perform model transformation verification through improving graph comparison algorithm and model property information.
Diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders based on anatomy and physiology (1992)

The purpose of an EMG examination is to describe the localization, the severity and the type of the patient's neuromuscular lesions. The severity and type is usually inferred from the changes in the electrical activity recorded from muscles and nerves, and the anatomical distribution of the changes provides clues for the localization of the lesions. Computers have established their usefulness for signal processing tasks as filtering, averaging, and the analysis of interference patterns or of single motor unit activity. The author reports on some attempts to use certain types of computer programs, often referred to as expert systems or knowledge-based systems, in the process that conceptually follows the signal processing: the planning and execution of the diagnostic process.
Large Postural Sways Prevent Foot Tactile Information From Fading: Neurophysiological Evidence (2020)

Cutaneous foot receptors are important for balance control, and their activation during quiet standing depends on the speed and the amplitude of postural oscillations. We hypothesized that the transmission of cutaneous input to the cortex is reduced during prolonged small postural sways due to receptor adaptation during continued skin compression. Central mechanisms would trigger large sways to reactivate the receptors. We compared the amplitude of positive and negative post-stimulation peaks (P<sub>50</sub>N<sub>90</sub>) somatosensory cortical potentials evoked by the electrical stimulation of the foot sole during small and large sways in 16 young adults standing still with their eyes closed. We observed greater P<sub>50</sub>N<sub>90</sub> amplitudes during large sways compared with small sways consistent with increased cutaneous transmission during large sways. Postural oscillations computed 200 ms before large sways had smaller amplitudes than those before small sways, providing sustained compression within a small foot sole area. Cortical source analyses revealed that during this interval, the activity of the somatosensory areas decreased, whereas the activity of cortical areas engaged in motor planning (supplementary motor area, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) increased. We concluded that large sways during quiet standing represent self-generated functional behavior aiming at releasing skin compression to reactivate mechanoreceptors. Such balance motor commands create sensory reafference that help control postural sway.
Transcriptome profiling of wheat glumes in wild emmer, hulled landraces and modern cultivars (2015)

The comparison of RNA-seq profiles between glumes of wheat groups differing in glumes toughness and rachis brittleness revealed a few DEGs that may be involved in glumes toughness and nutrient remobilization. These genes may be involved in processes of wheat improvement under domestication.
Real-time obstacle avoidance for fast mobile robots in cluttered environments (2002)

The method described, named the vector field histogram (VFH), permits the detection of unknown obstacles and avoids collisions while simultaneously steering the mobile robot toward the target. A VFH-controlled mobile robot maneuvers quickly and without stopping among densely cluttered obstacles. The VFH method uses a two-dimensional Cartesian histogram grid as a world model. This world model is updated continuously and in real time with range data sampled by the onboard ultrasonic range sensors. Based on the accumulated environmental data, the VFH method then computes a one-dimensional polar histogram that is constructed around the robot's momentary location. Each sector in the polar histogram holds the polar obstacle density in that direction. Finally, the algorithm selects the most suitable sector from among all polar histogram sectors with low obstacle density, and the steering of the robot is aligned with that direction. Experimental results from a mobile robot traversing a densely cluttered obstacle course at an average speed of 0.7 m/s demonstrate the power of the VFH method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>