gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Clinical Characteristics of Migraine (2017)

Migraine patients have varied descriptions of their headaches. In most cases, the pain is sufficient to disrupt normal activities, although the intensity ranges from merely annoying to disabling. The International Headache Society (IHCD) has codified the characteristics of the migraine headache into a set of diagnostic criteria for migraine without aura. The clinical features of migraine represent a wide array of symptoms, including pain activation, focal neurological deficits, vegetative dysfunction and mood alteration. These symptoms can last hours to days, and can vary from one attack to the other, both in intensity and quality. Some individuals are prone to have migraine attacks that persist for longer than 72 hours despite treatment. These attacks are classified as status migrainosus. Success in effectively treating status migrainous is inconsistent and, despite aggressive medical therapy with serotonin agonists, antiemetics, analgesics and even sedation, patients may leave the hospital with the headache resolving spontaneously at a later time.
Miniaturization: The Clue to Clinical Application of the Artificial Placenta (2013)

The artificial placenta as a fascinating treatment alternative for neonatal lung failure has been the subject of clinical research for over 50 years. Pumpless systems have been in use since 1986. However, inappropriate dimensioning of commercially available oxygenators has wasted some of the theoretical advantages of this concept. Disproportional shunt fractions can cause congestive heart failure. Blood priming of large oxygenators and circuits dilutes fetal hemoglobin (as the superior oxygen carrier), is potentially infectious, and causes inflammatory reactions. Flow demands of large extracorporeal circuits require cannula sizes that are not appropriate for use in preterm infants. NeonatOx, a tailored low-volume oxygenator for this purpose, has proven the feasibility of this principle before. We now report the advances in biological performance of a refined version of this specialized oxygenator.
Adaptive Modulation Technique with Partial CQI for Multiuser OFDMA Systems (2006)

In this paper, we present a new scheme for sub-band allocation in multiuser downlink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems with partial channel quality information (CQI). Our objective is to maximize the total throughput of the system under the constraints of transmit power. In previous methods, each user in a cell transmits CQI of its all sub-bands to the base station, which requires extremely high feedback overhead. Thus, we propose an efficient sub-band allocation algorithm in which each user transmits partial CQI and one additional information to reduce the amount of feedback. Simulation results show that we can greatly reduce the amount of feedback than full feedback system
Optical implementation of the Hopfield model for two-dimensional associative memory (1988)

Optical implementation of Hopfield's neural network model [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 2554 (1982)] for two-dimensional associative memory is discussed. Two-state neuron elements are represented by a twisted nematic liquid-crystal optical switch array, and three-dimensional holographic interconnections are realized with these elements. Unipolar connections, created by adding a constant to bipolar interconnections and compensating them with an input-dependent thresholding operation, are realized. The 16- (4 x 4) neuron system model acts as a content-addressable associative memory with error-correction capability.
DiscoGen: Learning to Discover Gene Regulatory Networks (2023)

Accurately inferring Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) is a critical and challenging task in biology. GRNs model the activatory and inhibitory interactions between genes and are inherently causal in nature. To accurately identify GRNs, perturbational data is required. However, most GRN discovery methods only operate on observational data. Recent advances in neural network-based causal discovery methods have significantly improved causal discovery, including handling interventional data, improvements in performance and scalability. However, applying state-of-the-art (SOTA) causal discovery methods in biology poses challenges, such as noisy data and a large number of samples. Thus, adapting the causal discovery methods is necessary to handle these challenges. In this paper, we introduce DiscoGen, a neural network-based GRN discovery method that can denoise gene expression measurements and handle interventional data. We demonstrate that our model outperforms SOTA neural network-based causal discovery methods.
An Innovative Concept To Prototype Power Electronic Circuits (2020)

Digital signal processors (DSPs) are being extensively used in various power electronic circuits and systems to handle the growing complexity of the controllers and the trigger signal generation schemes. In this paper we present a DSP library based on the Modelica language and a fixedpoint code generator that generates code for TI's C2000 DSPs for implementing power electronic circuits using a rapid prototyping approach. A novel real-time link has been incorporated into the automatic fixed-point code generator to go with the DSP, and which can be used for the real-time control of parameters such as duty ratio or firing angle of classical power electronic converters. The effectiveness of such a setup for power electronic education and research is demonstrated by the simulation and concurrent real-time implementation of a classical buck chopper circuit.
A neural network approach for RGB to YMCK color conversion (2002)

Printing applications require to convert RGB displayable pictures into four printing process components: yellow, magenta, cyan and black. In almost all cases, the RGB colors on the display differ from YMCK printed colors. The YMCK printed colors can be simulated on the RGB display, using specific models for color reproduction on display and printer. In the paper, a neural network method is proposed as an alternative solution for RGB-YMCK color conversion, in order to simulate on RGB display the YMCK printed colors. The Neugebauer model was used to provide the training data for network. The general RGB simulation process of the printed YMCK colors represents a not bidirectional color conversion, so that, the network finds on possible transformation with a certain probability, strongly dependent on the learning data which determines the weights of the neural network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Clone–Contig and STS Maps of the Hereditary Hemochromatosis Region on Human Chromosome 6p21.3–p22 (1997)

YAC-based and bacterial-clone based STS-content maps were constructed that served as the framework physical maps for the positional cloning of a candidate gene for hereditary hemochromatosis. The YAC-based map comprises 43 YACs and 86 STS and spans approximately 8 Mb of DNA between the class I region of the major histocompatibility complex on human chromosome 6p21.3 and D6S276 in 6p22. Comparison with published maps revealed a hole in the MIT/Whitehead and CEPH YAC maps that includes the immediate region around the hemochromatosis gene itself. Approximately 3 Mb of DNA was covered by a bacterial clone contig that consists of 38 BACs, 45 PACs, 26 PI clones and one lambda phage. The bacterial clone-based STS map comprises 153 STSs. A contiguous block of 8 STSs could be amplified from both human chromosome 6 and 5. Further characterization of selected STSs and bacterial clones by radiation hybrid mapping and fluorescence in situ hybridization, respectively, revealed the presence of a multicopy DNA segment, more than one bacterial clone length in size, which is duplicated near the chromosome-6 centromere and part of which is present in multiple copies on chromosome 5. Possible implications of the incomplete public YAC-contig map and of the multicopy segment for physical mapping and linkage disequilibrium studies of the hemochromatosis candidate region are discussed.
How to become Proficient with Insertion of Frameless IUDS? (2016)

The intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUD) are considered important in reducing unintended pregnancy rates. 1 IUDs are useful immediately following induced first-trimester abortion, resulting in significantly fewer repeat abortions. 2 In addition, copper IUDs are more effective than emergency contraceptive pills, providing longterm contraception, if well tolerated. 3 They are also the most costeffective contraceptive methods. 4 However, their utility to reduce or eliminate unintended pregnancy depends on women or couples continuing to use the method. Compatibility between the IUD and the uterine cavity relationship, often overlooked by health care providers, is paramount to achieving this aim. As the design characteristics of IUDs differ greatly, patient individualization with respect to size and uterine fit has not been easily achieved. The following section reviews the concept of uterine compatibility as it relates to IUD design.
Getting the right start (2003)

The Department of Health is drawing up national service framework guidance on how emergency and out-of-hours care can best be provided for children. Children’s health ‘tsar’ AL AYNSLEY-GREEN gives an overview of the initiative
Anti-endometrial antibodies in women measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (1996)

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to measure anti-endometrial antibody concentrations in the serum of women with endometriosis. Pooled cytosolic protein extracts from the endometrial gland cells of 10 women were used as an antigen source. Serum samples were obtained from women with endometriosis before (n = 51) and after 6 months treatment with danazol or nafarelin (n = 30). Control sera came from women with a normal pelvis at laparoscopy, performed for sterilization (n = 23) or the investigation of pain and/or infertility (n = 22), 13 women with Rokitansky syndrome, and 10 umbilical cord bloods and adult males. There were no significant differences in serum anti-endometrial antibody concentrations before and after treatment, or between women with endometriosis and without endometriosis. Concentrations were lower in male and cord blood serum than in female's serum (P < 0.0001). We conclude that the ELISA is not a useful diagnostic tool for endometriosis unless more specific antigens can be isolated.
PRINCIPLE COMPONENT ANALYSIS AND FUZZY LOGIC BASED THROUGH WALL IMAGE ENHANCEMENT (2012)

Principle component analysis based through wall image enhancement is proposed which is capable of discriminating target, noise and clutter signals. The overlapping boundaries of clutter, noise and target signals are separated using fuzzy logic. Fuzzy inference engine is used to assign weights to principle components. The proposed scheme works well significantly for extracting multiple targets having different range profiles in heavy cluttered through wall images. Simulation results are compared on the basis of mean square error, peak signal to noise ratio and visual inspection.
The impact of common e-business interfaces (2003)

article Share on The impact of common e-business interfaces Authors: Sanjay Gosain University of Maryland at College Park University of Maryland at College ParkView Profile , Arvind Malhotra University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University of North Carolina at Chapel HillView Profile , Omar A. El Sawy University of Southern California University of Southern CaliforniaView Profile , Fadi Chehade Viacore, Inc Viacore, IncView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 46Issue 12December 2003pp 186–195https://doi.org/10.1145/953460.953499Published:01 December 2003Publication History 39citation2,473DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations39Total Downloads2,473Last 12 Months17Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Modular Structure of the Human Lamin B2 Replicator (2004)

The cis-acting elements necessary for the activity of DNA replication origins in metazoan cells are still poorly understood. Here we report a thorough characterization of the DNA sequence requirements of the origin associated with the human lamin B2 gene. A 1.2-kb DNA segment, comprising the start site of DNA replication and located within a large protein-bound region, as well as a CpG island, displays origin activity when moved to different ectopic positions. Genomic footprinting analysis of both the endogenous and the ectopic origins indicates that the large protein complex is assembled in both cases around the replication start site. Replacement of this footprinted region with an unrelated sequence, maintaining the CpG island intact, abolishes origin activity and the interaction with hORC2, a subunit of the origin recognition complex. Conversely, the replacement of 17 bp within the protected region reduces the extension of the protection without affecting the interaction with hORC2. This substitution does not abolish the origin activity but makes it more sensitive to the integration site. Finally, the nearby CpG island positively affects the efficiency of initiation. This analysis reveals the modular structure of the lamin B2 origin and supports the idea that sequence elements close to the replication start site play an important role in origin activation.
Dynamic scaling in spinodally decomposing isotopic polymer mixtures (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDynamic scaling in spinodally decomposing isotopic polymer mixturesCheryl Kedrowski, Frank S. Bates, and Pierre WiltziusCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 13, 3448–3454Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00065a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00065a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Design of a Highly Selective and Potent Class of Non‐planar Estrogen Receptor β Agonists. (2013)

Abstract This describes the syntheses of various dibenzofurans and cycloheptanobenzofurans as estrogen receptor β agonists.
Modeling and experiment on tapered hollow waveguide multiplexer for multi- wavelength VCSEL array (2008)

A tapered hollow waveguide multiplexer is proposed to combine the output of a GaInAs/GaAs multi-wavelength VCSEL array for coupling into a multi-mode fiber. The design of the proposed hollow waveguide is presented based on ray optics. We demonstrate multiplexing of 4-channel output of a GaInAs/GaAs VCSEL array formed on a patterned substrate for coupling into a multi-mode fiber. The proposed hollow waveguide multiplexer is useful for realizing compact and low-cost WDM transceiver with a multi-wavelength VCSEL array for high capacity short reach optical networks.
Structures of Eukaryotic Ribosomal Stalk Proteins and Its Complex with Trichosanthin, and Their Implications in Recruiting Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins to the Ribosomes (2015)

Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIP) are RNA N-glycosidases that inactivate ribosomes by specifically depurinating a conserved adenine residue at the α-sarcin/ricin loop of 28S rRNA. Recent studies have pointed to the involvement of the C-terminal domain of the eukaryotic stalk proteins in facilitating the toxic action of RIPs. This review highlights how structural studies of eukaryotic stalk proteins provide insights into the recruitment of RIPs to the ribosomes. Since the C-terminal domain of eukaryotic stalk proteins is involved in specific recognition of elongation factors and some eukaryote-specific RIPs (e.g., trichosanthin and ricin), we postulate that these RIPs may have evolved to hijack the translation-factor-recruiting function of ribosomal stalk in reaching their target site of rRNA.
Automatic Model-Based Segmentation of the Heart in CT Images (2008)

Automatic image processing methods are a prerequisite to efficiently analyze the large amount of image data produced by computed tomography (CT) scanners during cardiac exams. This paper introduces a model-based approach for the fully automatic segmentation of the whole heart (four chambers, myocardium, and great vessels) from 3-D CT images. Model adaptation is done by progressively increasing the degrees-of-freedom of the allowed deformations. This improves convergence as well as segmentation accuracy. The heart is first localized in the image using a 3-D implementation of the generalized Hough transform. Pose misalignment is corrected by matching the model to the image making use of a global similarity transformation. The complex initialization of the multicompartment mesh is then addressed by assigning an affine transformation to each anatomical region of the model. Finally, a deformable adaptation is performed to accurately match the boundaries of the patient's anatomy. A mean surface-to-surface error of 0.82 mm was measured in a leave-one-out quantitative validation carried out on 28 images. Moreover, the piecewise affine transformation introduced for mesh initialization and adaptation shows better interphase and interpatient shape variability characterization than commonly used principal component analysis.
An extended dq model for concentrated-wound interior permanent magnet machines considering non-ideal machine parameters (2016)

© 2016, Institution of Engineering and Technology. All rights reserved.In the conventional dq model of permanent magnet machines, machine parameters are assumed sinusoidal, leading to a smooth calculated output torque. This is justifiable in distributed-wound stators. However, in permanent magnet machines with concentrated-wound stators, the assumption of sinusoidal machine parameters is no longer valid. Therefore, an extended dq model is proposed in this paper for machines with non-sinusoidal parameters. A detailed torque equation is also derived that explains different sources of torque ripple. Tests are introduced for determination of the parameters in the proposed model. Experimental results from a prototype concentrated-wound interior permanent magnet machine are used for validation of the proposed extended dq model.
Quipper (2013)

The field of quantum algorithms is vibrant. Still, there is currently a lack of programming languages for describing quantum computation on a practical scale, i.e., not just at the level of toy problems. We address this issue by introducing Quipper, a scalable, expressive, functional, higher-order quantum programming language. Quipper has been used to program a diverse set of non-trivial quantum algorithms, and can generate quantum gate representations using trillions of gates. It is geared towards a model of computation that uses a classical computer to control a quantum device, but is not dependent on any particular model of quantum hardware. Quipper has proven effective and easy to use, and opens the door towards using formal methods to analyze quantum algorithms.
Polyphenic trait promotes liver cancer in a model of epigenetic instability in mice (2017)

This work underpins how discrete polyphenic traits in epigenetically metastable conditions can contribute to a cancer-prone state and more broadly provides new evidence linking hormonal imbalances, metabolic disturbances, gut microbiota, and cancer. (Hepatology 2017;66:235-251).
Oxygen concentration modulates colibactin production (2022)

Abstract Up to 25% of the E. coli strains isolated from the feces of healthy humans harbor the pks genomic island encoding the synthesis of colibactin, a genotoxic metabolite. Evidence is accumulating for an etiologic role of colibactin in colorectal cancer. Little is known about the conditions of expression of colibactin in the gut. The intestine is characterized by a unique oxygenation profile, with a steep gradient between the physiological hypoxic epithelial surface and the anaerobic lumen, which favors the dominance of obligate anaerobes. Here, we report that colibactin production is maximal under anoxic conditions and decreases with increased oxygen concentration. We show that the aerobic respiration control (ArcA) positively regulates colibactin production and genotoxicity of pks+ E. coli in response to oxygen availability. Thus, colibactin synthesis is inhibited by oxygen, indicating that the pks biosynthetic pathway is adapted to the anoxic intestinal lumen and to the hypoxic infected or tumor tissue.
E32 Workpiece vibration aided nano-graphite powder suspended dielectric fluid in micro-electrical discharge machining (μ-EDM) processes(Electrical machining) (2009)

This paper presents a revolutionary method in μ-electrical discharge machining (μ-EDM) processes to increase the machining efficiency. In this system, nano-graphite powder was suspended in dielectric fluid. In addition, the workpiece was vibrated using PZT actuator. Nano graphite powder suspended dielectric fluid in μ-EDM processes was significantly speed up the machining time five times faster than in conventional μ-EDM processes. Experimental results have shown that, the machining time provided by nano graphite powder suspended dielectric fluid combined with workpiece vibration provide faster machining time. In fact, the machining time is even faster than using only nano graphite powder suspended dielectric fluid.
ZeCalc Algorithm Details (2013)

This report documents the implementation of the Java application ZeCalc (as released in version 3 on October 18, 2012), which calculates “Z<sub>e</sub>”, a newly-defined “effective atomic number” for mixtures and compounds. Z<sub>e</sub> differs from the traditional Z<sub>eff</sub> in that it is based upon the x-ray cross section of the material, so it is more amenable to radiographic applications. Additionally, ZeCalc calculates ρ<sub>e</sub>, the volumetric electron density (with units of electron‐mol/cm<sup>3</sup>), for materials with a specified composition and volumetric mass density, ρ<sub>m</sub> with units of g/cm<sup>3</sup>).