gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Next-Gen Train Control / Management (TCMS) Architectures: “Drive-By-Data” System Integration Approach (2018)

International audience
Plant Immunity: The MTI-ETI Model and Beyond (2018)

A review of current research on the interactions which occur in the rhizosphere between the host plant and the microorganisms, this book is aimed at scientists involved in plant science or environmental microbiology
Nicotinic acid receptors as potential skin cancer prevention targets (2007)

A150 Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, has been shown in mouse models of ultraviolet B-induced skin cancer to have a protective effect against nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) by inhibiting photocarcinogenesis and photoimmunosuppression. Recently, two orphan human G-protein-coupled receptors HM74 and HM74A have been identified as the receptors for nicotinic acid. Since nicotinic acid has been used for decades as a lipid-lowering drug, research studies have focused on delineating the signaling pathway in adipose tissues. Thus, to date little is known about the expression and function of the nicotinic acid receptors in the skin, during skin differentiation, and in UV-irradiated skin. In order to test the hypothesis that nicotinic acid receptors are molecular targets for the prevention of NMSC, this study aimed to develop novel and specific nicotinic acid receptor antibodies in order to determine the role of nicotinic acid receptors in the skin. Polyclonal anti-peptide antibodies raised in rabbits were developed and specificity of the antibodies was tested by overexpression of both receptors in HeLa cells via Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR analyses. When endogenous mRNA and protein expression of the nicotinic acid receptors were examined in HaCaT (keratinocytes) and CF3 (diploid fibroblast) cell lines and skin tissue sections, HM74A mRNA expression was detected in HaCaT, CF3, and skin tissue sections. However, HM74A protein expression analyses by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, showed that the HaCaT cell line, but not CF3, had strong endogenous receptor expression. Concurrently, human studies have shown that nicotinic acid delivered topically as a prodrug, myristyl nicotinate, enhances skin differentiation and barrier function. Therefore, the study herein will address the role of the nicotinic acid receptors in skin differentiation markers and its potential to prevent nonmelanoma skin cancer by driving differentiation. (This research was funded in part by NIH grants CA078447, CA106677, CA023074, CA027502, ES06694, and by Niadyne Development, Inc.)
Vesicourethral Motility following Acute Spinal Cord Transection in the Cat (1984)

The cause of urinary retention during the phase of spinal shock is still uncertain. In the cat with intact spinal cord, reflex voiding shows a coordination between the longitudinal and circular urethral muscles, the detrusor and the periurethral striated muscles. After transection of the spinal cord in cervical and/or thoracic segments, 26 of 28 cats failed to void. An incoordination between longitudinal, circular, detrusor and periurethral striated muscles was noticed simulating a urethro-urethral and urethrovesical dyssynergia. The 2 cats that voided 6 hours after the cord section showed a return of synergism between longitudinal, circular, detrusor and periurethral striated muscles. The conventional pharmacologic manipulation used during the early period following spinal cord transection, bethanechol chloride and phentolamine, failed to achieve proper bladder emptying because it did not correct the dyssynergic pattern.
Telethonin, a novel sarcomeric protein of heart and skeletal muscle (1997)

In this paper we describe a novel 19 kDa sarcomeric protein named telethonin. The cDNA sequence discloses an open reading frame of 167 amino acids that does not resemble any known protein. Antibodies against a recombinant telethonin fragment were used for Western blot analysis, confirming the presence of this 19 kDa protein in heart and skeletal muscle and revealing an immunofluorescence pattern typical of sarcomeric proteins, overlapping myosin. The frequency of specific cDNA clones in different libraries indicates that the telethonin transcript is amongst the most abundant in skeletal muscle. In human, telethonin maps at 17q12, adjacent to the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene.
Females with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk for accelerated cognitive decline than males: CAROLINA-COGNITION study (2021)

Females with T2D had a higher risk of ACD compared to males. This was partly explained by depressive symptoms. After evaluation of vascular and diabetes-related risk factors, complications and treatment, a major share of the higher risk of ACD in females remained unexplained. Our results highlight the need for further research on causes of sex-specific ACD in T2D.
Discerning the Primary Carcinoma in Malignant Peritoneal and Pleural Effusions Using Imaging Mass Spectrometry—A Feasibility Study (2018)

These preliminary results highlight that MALDI-IMS allows subtyping of malignant effusions to identify the precise origin of neoplastic cells. While achieving similar results compared to classical approaches such as immunocytology, more material is conserved that will be available for further tests.
Influence of Lactation on Morphometric and Secretory Variables in Pancreatic β-Cell of Mildly Diabetic Rats (1987)

In nondiabetic rats, lactation accelerates the restoration of pancreatic beta-cell function after the period of increased secretory activity associated with pregnancy. To investigate whether a comparable situation prevails in mildly diabetic animals, streptozocin (22.5 mg/kg body wt) was administered to female rats at the onset of pregnancy. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, content and release of insulin in isolated islets, total mass and volume density of both the endocrine pancreas and granulated beta-cells, and ultrastructural prevalence of light and dark secretory granules were measured on the 20th day of pregnancy and in lactating and nonlactating animals 20 days after delivery. In the mildly diabetic animals, the changes in endocrine pancreatic function normally associated with pregnancy and lactation were greatly attenuated, albeit not completely eliminated. We propose that the increased biosynthetic and secretory activity imposed on surviving beta-cells after streptozocin administration tends to mask the adaptative changes in beta-cell function otherwise seen during the postpartum and lactation period.
Invariant NKT cells facilitate cytotoxic T-cell activation via direct recognition of CD1d on T cells (2019)

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a major subset of NKT cells that recognize foreign and endogenous lipid antigens presented by CD1d. Although iNKT cells are characteristically autoreactive to self-antigens, the role of iNKT cells in the regulation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) has been elucidated using α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), a strong synthetic glycolipid that is presented by professional antigen presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells. Despite the well-known effects of α-GalCer and dendritic cells on lipid antigen presentation, the physiological role of endogenous antigens presented by CTLs during crosstalk with iNKT cells has not yet been addressed. In this study, we found that antigen-primed CTLs with transient CD1d upregulation could present lipid self-antigens to activate the iNKT cell production of IFN-γ. CTL-mediated iNKT cell activation in turn enhanced IFN-γ production and the proliferation and cytotoxicity of CTLs. We also found that the direct interaction of iNKT cells and CTLs enhanced the antitumor immune responses of CTLs. This partially explains the functional role of iNKT cells in CTL-mediated antitumor immunity. Our findings suggest that in the absence of exogenous iNKT cell ligands, iNKT cells enhanced the CTL production of IFN-γ and CTL proliferation and cytotoxicity via direct interaction with CD1d expressed on T cells without interacting with APCs.
LARGE SCALE PHENOTYPING AND DATA ANALYSIS OF PEPPER GENOTYPES IN THE EU-SPICY PROJECT (2012)

ISHS XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): International Symposium on Genomics and Genetic Transformation of Horticultural Crops LARGE SCALE PHENOTYPING AND DATA ANALYSIS OF PEPPER GENOTYPES IN THE EU-SPICY PROJECT
Analysis of edge glare phenomena in intraocular lens edge designs (1999)

Rounded IOL edges distribute reflected glare image over a significantly greater area than sharp edges. Rounded edges reduce the potential for edge glare phenomena that appear to the patient as a thin crescent or partial ring.
A Population-Level Analysis of Pituitary Carcinoma from the National Cancer Database (2019)

Objectives: Pituitary carcinoma is a rare entity with fewer than 200 total cases reported in the English literature. Analysis of the population-level data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) affords the opportunity to study this poorly understood tumor type.
Effect of magnetic stirring on grain structure refinement Part 2 – Nickel alloy weld overlays (2010)

The formation of a columnar grain structure in high chromium nickel based alloy welds can be associated with cracking and poor resolution for ultrasonic non-destructive examination. The objective of this research was to characterise the effects of circular magnetic arc deflection (arc stirring) on grain structure of gas tungsten arc weld overlays made on Inconel 690 substrates with 52M filler wire. Welds and weld overlays were made at various arc stirring frequencies, and microstructures were analysed using optical and electron backscattered diffraction microscopy. Significant refinement of grain size occurred at a stirring frequency of 7 Hz. Ultrasonic non-destructive examination confirmed 100% improvement in signal/noise ratio in weld overlays made with magnetic stirring.
Importance of phenotypic and molecular characterization for identification of a neuroepithelioma tumor cell line, NUB-20. (1990)

A neuroblastic-like cell line (NUB-20) was derived from a case of histopathologically diagnosed metastatic neuroblastoma. The metastatic tumor and nude mouse heterotransplant resembled neuroblastoma by histological criteria, in contrast to the primary tumor, which was differentially classified as Ewing's sarcoma. However, the cell line demonstrated a unique phenotype in culture with respect to morphology, immunohistochemical markers, and sensitivity to a battery of differentiation modulators. These characteristics, together with the presence of a chromosomal translocation (11;22),(q24;q12) and amplification with enhanced expression of the c-myc protooncogene rather than N-myc, established this tumor as neuroepithelioma. Neuroepithelioma is a tumor type distinct from, but related to, neuroblastoma in its development from the neural crest lineage. These results emphasize the growing importance of cytogenetic and molecular markers in the classification and characterization of human tumors.
Domain adaptation methods for ECG classification (2013)

The detection and classification of heart arrhythmias using Electrocardiogram signals (ECG) has been an active area of research in the literature. Usually, to assess the effectiveness of a proposed classification method, training and test data are extracted from the same ECG record. However, in real scenarios test data may come from different records. In this case, the classification results may be less accurate due to the statistical shift between these samples. In order to solve this issue, we investigate, in this paper, the capabilities of two domain adaption methods proposed recently in the literature of machine learning. The first is known as domain transfer SVM, whereas the second is the importance weighted kernel logistic regression method. To assess the effectiveness of both methods, the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database is used in the experiments.
Influence du microbiote sur le système immunitaire intestinal, (2012)

International audience
The Design of Dual Work Function CMOS Transistors and Circuits Using Silicon Nanowire Technology (2007)

This exploratory study on vertical, undoped silicon nanowire transistors shows less power dissipation with respect to the bulk and SOI MOS transistors while yielding comparable performance. The design cycle starts with determining individual metal gate work functions for each nMOS and pMOS transistor as a function of wire radius to produce a 300 mV threshold voltage. Wire radius and effective channel length are both varied until a common body geometry is determined for both nMOS and pMOS transistors to limit off currents under 1 pA while producing highest on currents. DC characteristics of the optimum n and p-channel transistors such as threshold voltage roll-off, DIBL and subthreshold slope are measured; simple CMOS gates including an inverter, 2- and 3-input nand, nor, and xor gates, and full adder are built to measure the transient performance, power dissipation and layout area. Postlayout simulation results indicate that the worst case delay for a full adder circuit is 8.5 ps at no load and increases by 0.15 ps/aF; worst case power dissipation of the same circuit is 23.6 nW at no load and increases by 4.04 nW/aF at 1 GHz. The full adder layout area occupies approximately 0.11 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>
iSeg: an efficient algorithm for segmentation of genomic and epigenomic data (2017)

Abstract Background Identification of functional elements of a genome often requires dividing a sequence of measurements along a genome into segments where adjacent segments have different properties, such as different mean values. This problem is often called the segmentation problem in the field of genomics, and the change-point problem in other scientific disciplines. Despite dozens of algorithms developed to address this problem in genomics research, methods with improved accuracy and speed are still needed to effectively tackle both existing and emerging genomic and epigenomic segmentation problems. Results We designed an efficient algorithm, called iSeg, for segmentation of genomic and epigenomic profiles. iSeg first utilizes dynamic programming to identify candidate segments and test for significance. It then uses a novel data structure based on two coupled balanced binary trees to detect overlapping significant segments and update them simultaneously during searching and refinement stages. Refinement and merging of significant segments are performed at the end to generate the final set of segments. By using an objective function based on the p -values of the segments, the algorithm can serve as a general computational framework to be combined with different assumptions on the distributions of the data. As a general segmentation method, it can segment different types of genomic and epigenomic data, such as DNA copy number variation, nucleosome occupancy, nuclease sensitivity, and differential nuclease sensitivity data. Using simple t-tests to compute p -values across multiple datasets of different types, we evaluate iSeg using both simulated and experimental datasets and show that it performs satisfactorily when compared with some other popular methods, which often employ more sophisticated statistical models. Implemented in C++, iSeg is also very computationally efficient, well suited for large numbers of input profiles and data with very long sequences. Conclusions We have developed an effective and efficient general-purpose segmentation tool for sequential data and illustrated its use in segmentation of genomic and epigenomic profiles.
Impact of cerebral edema on diffuse optical spectroscopy quantification during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) (2021)

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an important therapy for critically ill children but survivors have neurodevelopmental impairments. Cerebral inflammatory response resulting in brain edema is observed on ECMO. This pathologic response may adversely impact the quantitative accuracy of diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) neuromonitoring (including commercial NIRS) which commonly assumes a 75% water fraction. Using fresh brain tissue desiccation, we directly quantified the severity of cerebral edema in pediatric swine following cardiac arrest, CPR and 22-24 hours of ECMO therapy. The fractional error in DOS quantification of cerebral hemodynamics from assuming 75% water fraction was determined to be &lt;5%.
RNA footprinting analysis using ion pair reverse phase liquid chromatography (2002)

Hydroxyl radical footprinting is a powerful technique often employed in characterization of the tertiary interactions between proteins and nucleic acids. Following the generation of a nucleic acid "ladder" either by chemical or enzymatic reactions, the radiolabeled products are traditionally separated by denaturing gel electrophoresis and further quantified by phosphorimaging techniques. Here we report the use of ion pair reverse phase liquid chromatography to analyze the products of an RNA footprinting reaction using fluorescently labeled RNA molecules. This technique offers several advantages over existing procedures, including rapid analysis, automation, and direct quantification of the cleavage products without the need to employ radiolabeling. To illustrate the resolving power of this technique, we have analyzed the products of base hydrolysis, generated from a fluorescently labeled RNA molecule and have subsequently used this method to define the solvent accessibility of the substrate strand as it docks with the hairpin ribozyme.
Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis With Excimer Laser Coronary Angioplasty (1997)

ELCA safely and effectively ablates in-stent neointimal tissue. Adjunct PTCA extrudes neointimal tissue out of the stent and also further expands the stent. Compared with PTCA alone, ELCA+PTCA achieves better short-term and, potentially, better long-term results.
Automatic Modulation Classification under IQ Imbalance Using Supervised Learning (2013)

The process of classifying digital modulation schemes given IQ imbalance at the transmitter or receiver is studied using fourth and sixth order cumulants as features. Various methods of supervised learning are proposed in order to mitigate the effect of IQ imbalance at the receiver, including K-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and decision tree learning. The impact of IQ imbalance at the transmitter is also observed, as well as the effect of IQ imbalance on the theoretical cumulant values for each modulation scheme. Through simulation, it is shown that supervised learning approaches are effective at compensating for the IQ imbalances that can occur at the receiver.
Complete pulmonary vein isolation guided by three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (2005)

The present study demonstrates that complete isolation of ipsilateral PVs guided by 3-D EA mapping is potentially effective for the treatment of highly symptomatic, drug refractory paroxysmal AF in patients with HOCM.
On the complexity of and algorithms for finding the shortest path with a disjoint counterpart (2006)

Finding a disjoint path pair is an important component in survivable networks. Since the traffic is carried on the active (working) path most of the time, it is useful to find a disjoint path pair such that the length of the shorter path (to be used as the active path) is minimized. In this paper, we first address such a Min-Min problem. We prove that this problem is NP-complete in either single link cost (e.g., dedicated backup bandwidth) or dual link cost (e.g., shared backup bandwidth) networks. In addition, it is NP-hard to obtain a K-approximation to the optimal solution for any K>1. Our proof is extended to another open question regarding the computational complexity of a restricted version of the Min-Sum problem in an undirected network with ordered dual cost links (called the MSOD problem). To solve the Min-Min problem efficiently, we introduce a novel concept called conflicting link set which provides insights into the so-called trap problem, and develop a divide-and-conquer strategy. The result is an effective heuristic for the Min-Min problem called COnflicting Link Exclusion (COLE), which can outperform other approaches in terms of both the optimality and running time. We also apply COLE to the MSOD problem to efficiently provide shared path protection and conduct comprehensive performance evaluation as well as comparison of various schemes for shared path protection. We show that COLE not only processes connection requests much faster than existing integer linear programming (ILP)-based approaches but also achieves a good balance among the active path length, bandwidth efficiency, and recovery time.
Resistant Candidiasis (1994)

Mucosal (oropharyngeal, esophageal, and, in women, vaginal) candidiasis is a common infectious complication in HIV-infected patients. There is a wide range of drugs to treat or suppress Candida infections. However, with the increasingly common use of fluconazole as treatment or prophylaxis in patients with relatively advanced HIV disease, mucosal candidiasis that is clinically resistant to fluconazole is increasingly recognized. Susceptibility testing for fluconazole has not been well standardized, and laboratory and clinical correlations often have been difficult to demonstrate. However, the frequency with which Candida strains resistant to fluconazole can be isolated appears to be increasing, particularly in patients with advanced HIV disease. Anecdotal results suggest that patients who fail fluconazole therapy usually do not respond to higher doses of fluconazole, but may occasionally respond to itraconazole or ketoconazole. In vitro susceptibility to these agents does not necessarily ensure clinical efficacy. Amphotericin B is usually effective initially but requires parenteral administration. However, with any therapy, relapses tend to occur and progressively recalcitrant disease often occurs, with increasing morbidity for patients. There is a clear need for studies addressing the incidence of resistance, the risk factors for its development, and more effective therapy.
Synthese von selektiv wirksamen lonenaustauscher auf Polystyrol-Basis (1970)

Durch Umsetzung an vernetzten p-lithiumstyrolhaltigen Copolymeren ist es nicht moglich, Austauscherharze mit Benzoylaceton-oder 8-Hydroxy-chinolingruppen mit praktisch brauchbarer Kapazitat herzustellen. Tetraphenylarsoniumchlorid-Gruppierungen enthaltende Austauscher mit einem Gehalt von etwa 1,3 mval/g an funktionellen Gruppen lassen sich aus vernetzten p-lithiumstyrolhaltigen Copolymeren und Triphenyl-arsinoxid herstellen. Aus einer Quecksilber(II)-chlorid-Losung nehmen in wassrigem Dioxan etwa 60% der im Harz befindlichen funktionellen Gruppen Quecksilberionen auf.