gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continuous Variable Entanglement of X Waves in Nonlinear χ(2)-Media (2017)

We present a quantum theory of generalised X waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM). We study parametric down conversion (PDC) and show, that the generated signal and idler photons are entangled in both OAM and velocity.
Region-specific defects in glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid innervation in Alzheimer's disease (1987)

Conference Article| June 01 1987 Region-specific defects in glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid innervation in Alzheimer's disease RICHARD F. COWBURN; RICHARD F. COWBURN *Department of Biochemistry, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, University of London, Norfolk Place, London W2 IPG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar AMANDA J. L. BARTON; AMANDA J. L. BARTON *Department of Biochemistry, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, University of London, Norfolk Place, London W2 IPG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JOHN A. HARDY; JOHN A. HARDY *Department of Biochemistry, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, University of London, Norfolk Place, London W2 IPG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar PER WESTER; PER WESTER †Department of Pathology, University of Umea, 590187 Umea. Sweden Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar BENGT WINBLAD BENGT WINBLAD †Department of Pathology, University of Umea, 590187 Umea. Sweden Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Received: November 25 1986 Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Biochem Soc Trans (1987) 15 (3): 505–506. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150505 Article history Received: November 25 1986 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation RICHARD F. COWBURN, AMANDA J. L. BARTON, JOHN A. HARDY, PER WESTER, BENGT WINBLAD; Region-specific defects in glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid innervation in Alzheimer's disease. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 1987; 15 (3): 505–506. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150505 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid, GAD, glutamic acid decarboxylase This content is only available as a PDF. © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Homopropargyl Amines by Copper‐Catalyzed Coupling of Imines, 1,3‐Enynes, and Diborons (2020)

Abstract An efficient, enantio‐ and diastereoselective, copper‐catalyzed coupling of imines, 1,3‐enynes, and diborons is reported. The process shows broad substrate scope and delivers complex, chiral homopropargyl amines; useful building blocks on the way to biologically‐relevant compounds. In particular, functionalized homopropargyl amines bearing up to three contiguous stereocenters can be prepared in a single step.
Introduction to the Second North American Symposium on Skeletal Complications of Malignancy (2000)

This supplement contains manuscripts of the major presentations of The Second North American Symposium on Skeletal Complications of Malignancy held in Montreal October 15–16, 1999. The symposium and this publication reflect the growth and excitement in this field since the first symposium was held at the National Institutes of Health in April, 1997. Better understanding of the pathophysiology of the metastatic process to bone, including the response of bone cells to the presence of the tumor, more effective treatments, the contributions of bisphosphonates to the management of patients with metastatic cancer, including improved understanding of their molecular mechanism of action, and their role not just as inhibitors of osteolysis but also as suppressors of tumor burden in bone, has made this both an exciting and developing field. This was reflected in the large and enthusiastic audiences that attended every session of the symposium. Hopefully, this attention on a topic too often ignored in the past will continue to provide new advances both in the pathophysiology and treatment of this common and important complication of cancer.
Human Bleomycin Hydrolase Binds Ribosomal Proteins, (1999)

Bleomycin hydrolase (BH) is a cysteine proteinase that inactivates the anticancer drug bleomycin. Yeast BH forms a homohexameric structure that resembles a 20S proteasome and binds to single-stranded RNA and DNA. We now demonstrate that human BH (hBH) interacts and colocalizes with ribosomal proteins. Using a yeast two-hybrid system, we found hBH bound to human homologues of rat ribosomal proteins L11 and L29. The N-terminus of hBH (amino acids 14-175), which contains a catalytic Cys93, was critical for the binding to L11 in the two-hybrid environment. hBH precipitated 35S-labeled L11 and L29 in vitro, and hBH colocalized with L11 and L29 as determined by immunofluorescence. In addition to cytosolic bleomycin hydrolase, we found abundant bleomycin hydrolase activity associated with the ribosomal subcellular fraction by differential centrifugation. hBH was also detected by Western immunoblotting in a high-speed particulate fraction, where the majority of L11 and L29 were found. In vitro experiments showed recombinant hBH binds to Chinese hamster ovary cell microsomes. Thus, our data strongly suggest that hBH exists as both a free cytosolic and ribosome-associated protein.
Single-lane 180  Gbit/s PAM-4 signal transmission over 2  km SSMF for short-reach applications (2016)

We experimentally demonstrate the generation and transmission of a single-lane 180&#x2009;&#x2009;Gbit/s (90&#x00A0;GBaud) four-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) signal in an intensity-modulation direct-detection system with a 7.5&#x00A0;GHz 3&#x00A0;dB bandwidth. The generated signal is transmitted over a 2&#x00A0;km standard single-mode fiber with, to the best of our knowledge, the highest reported net data rate in the C-band: 150&#x2009;&#x2009;Gbit/s. A net data rate of 168&#x2009;&#x2009;Gbit/s is also reachable with 1&#x00A0;km reach. The PAM-4 and duobinary (DB) PAM-4 modulation schemes are compared; the obtained results show that DB-PAM-4 significantly outperforms PAM-4 in the considered strong bandwidth-constrained system. Both a feed-forward equalizer and a maximum-likelihood sequence estimator are investigated for data recovery.
[Can we and must we organize cervical cancer screening in France? Results of the pilot project "EVE" in the department of Bas-Rhin]. (1998)

EVE is a pilot project for cervical cancer screening whose aim is to test the feasibility of organized screening in the French liberal health system with a consensus of medical participants. After three and a half years, 74.8% of women aged 25 to 64 had had at least one smear. Coverage varies with age, from 89% between 25 and 29 to 56% between 55 and 60. Only 8% of smears are taken by General Practitioners. There is a tendency to space out smears because only 14% of women had had a second smear within one year and 41.1% within 2 years. On the other hand more then 20% percent of women do not return after 3 years. Pathological smears represent 1.94% of all smears. For these, a questionnaire is sent to the physician in order to get information on follow-up. This enables cytologic/histologic correlation. The histologic exam reveals a pathological lesion in 95% of cytologies consistent with invasive cancer, 91% of those consistent with high grade lesions and 70% of those consistent with low grade lesions.
The processed book (2003)

The "processed book" is about content, not technology, and contrasts with the "primal book"; the latter is the book we all know and revere: written by a single author and viewed as the embodiment of the thought of a single individual. The processed book, on the other hand, is what happens to the book when it is put into a computerized, networked environment. To process a book is more than simply building links to it; it also includes a modification of the act of creation, which tends to encourage the absorption of the book into a network of applications, including but not restricted to commentary. Such a book typically has at least five aspects: as self-referencing text; as portal; as platform; as machine component; and, as network node. An interesting aspect of such processing is that the author's relationship to his or her work may be undermined or compromised; indeed, it is possible that author attribution in the networked world may go the way of copyright. The processed book, in other words, is the response to romantic notions of authorship and books. It is not a matter of choice (as one can still write an imitation, for example, of a Victorian novel today) but an inevitable outcome of inherent characteristics of digital media.
Synthesis of cortol 3-glucuronides and cortolone 3-glucuronides. (1984)

The synthesis of the 3-glucuronides of 20α-cortolone and their 20β-epimers is described. The cortol 20, 21-diacetates (3, 10) and cortolone 20, 21-diacetates (6, 12) were the key intermediates. Sodium borohydride reduction of the carbonyl group at C-20 in 21-acetoxy-3α, 11β, 17α-trihydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one 3-tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether (1) or its 11-oxo derivative (4) followed by acetylation of the product with acetic anhydride gave the silyl ether-acetates (2, 5), which, on removal of the protecting group at C-3 with sulfuric acid, were converted into the desired 20β-intermediates (3, 6). On the other hand, the 20α-acetates, 10 and 12, were synthesized from methyl 20α-acetoxy-3α-tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy-17α-hydroxy-11-oxo-5β-pregnan-21-oate (7). Introduction of the glucuronyl residue at the C-3 position was carried out by means of the Koenigs-Knorr reaction.
From Hidden Markov Models to Linear Dynamical Systems (1999)

Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) and Linear Dynamical Systems (LDSs) are based on the same assumption: a hidden state variable, of which we can make noisy measurements, evolves with Markovian dynamics. Both have the same independence diagram and consequently the learning and inference algorithms for both have the same structure. The only dierence is that the HMM uses a discrete state variable with arbitrary dynamics and arbitrary measurements while the LDS uses a continuous state variable with linearGaussian dynamics and measurements. We show how the forward-backward equations for the HMM, specialized to linear-Gaussian assumptions, lead directly to Kalman ltering and Rauch-Tung-Streibel smoothing. We also investigate the most general possible modeling assumptions which lead to ecient recursions in the case of continuous state variables. 1 Introduction Both HMMs and LDSs specify a joint probability distribution over states s 1 ::s T and measurements x 1 ::x T . In both cases, the distri...
Risky Delay of Hypoglycemia Detection by Glucose Monitoring at the Arm (2001)

Several devices for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) (e.g., AtLast, Amira; OneTouch Ultra, LifeScan; FreeStyle, TheraSense, Alameda, CA; Glucometer-Elite XL+Microlet-Vaculance, Bayer; and Sof-Tact, Abbott) recently received Food and Drug Administration approval for alternative site monitoring of capillary blood glucose. These alternatives are marketed with considerable efforts under the assumption that capillary blood glucose measurements, e.g., those taken at the forearm, do not differ from the results obtained by classic finger pricking. Diabetic patients using different devices for SMBG reported discrepancies between clinical symptoms of hypoglycemia and normoglycemic SMBG values at the forearm. Neither standardized quality control assessments of technical performance of such SMBG devices (1,2) nor patient device handling resulted in any obvious explanation of the reported discrepancies. Because of this, we examined …
Two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-nucleonscattering at large momentum transfer (2005)

We estimate the two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-proton scattering at large momentum transfer by using a quark-parton representation of virtual Compton scattering. We thus can relate the two-photon exchange amplitude to the generalized parton distributions which also enter in other wide-angle scattering processes. We find that the interference of one- and two-photon exchange contribution is able to substantially resolve the difference between electric form factor measurements from Rosenbluth and polarization transfer experiments. Two-photon exchange has additional consequences which could be experimentally observed, including nonzero polarization effects and a positron-proton/electron-proton scattering asymmetry. The predicted Rosenbluth plot is no longer precisely linear; it acquires a measurable curvature, particularly at large laboratory angle.
Metal−Semiconductor Zn−ZnO Core−Shell Nanobelts and Nanotubes (2003)

Heterostructured metal−semiconductor Zn−ZnO core−shell nanobelts and nanotubes have been synthesized. The core is a belt-shaped Zn single crystal, and the shell is an epitaxially grown ZnO layer of ∼5 nm in thickness. The composite nanobelt grows along [21̄1̄0], its top/bottom being ±(0001), and side surfaces ±(011̄0). The Zn core is a single crystal, and the ZnO shell has an epitaxial orientation relationship with the core. The metal-based nanobelts have a distinct morphology from the nanowires reported in the literature. A growth mechanism is proposed on the basis of growth kinetics and thermodynamics. Sublimation of the Zn core results in the formation ZnO nanotubes.
X-Ray Radioluminescence in Diversely Doped Multimode Silica-Based Optical Fibers (2022)

The radioluminescence (RL) response under X-rays is investigated for five different types of multimode silica-based optical fibers doped with Ge, P, Al, F, or Ce. The results indicate that all tested fibers show a measurable RL signal at dose rates from 0.1 to 15 Gy(SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> )/s, using 10-cm-long samples and a photomultiplier-based acquisition chain. Other influences of radiation, such as radiation-induced attenuation, are discussed in order to evaluate the potential of such fiber types for radiation detection or dosimetry applications.
Protein composition of catalytically active U7-dependent processing complexes assembled on histone pre-mRNA containing biotin and a photo-cleavable linker (2018)

3' end cleavage of metazoan replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs requires the multi-subunit holo-U7 snRNP and the stem-loop binding protein (SLBP). The exact composition of the U7 snRNP and details of SLBP function in processing remain unclear. To identify components of the U7 snRNP in an unbiased manner, we developed a novel approach for purifying processing complexes from Drosophila and mouse nuclear extracts. In this method, catalytically active processing complexes are assembled in vitro on a cleavage-resistant histone pre-mRNA containing biotin and a photo-sensitive linker, and eluted from streptavidin beads by UV irradiation for direct analysis by mass spectrometry. In the purified processing complexes, Drosophila and mouse U7 snRNP have a remarkably similar composition, always being associated with CPSF73, CPSF100, symplekin and CstF64. Many other proteins previously implicated in the U7-dependent processing are not present. Drosophila U7 snRNP bound to histone pre-mRNA in the absence of SLBP contains the same subset of polyadenylation factors but is catalytically inactive and addition of recombinant SLBP is sufficient to trigger cleavage. This result suggests that Drosophila SLBP promotes a structural rearrangement of the processing complex, resulting in juxtaposition of the CPSF73 endonuclease with the cleavage site in the pre-mRNA substrate.
Smart headphones (2001)

In this paper, we describe the "smart headphones" system, which detects and relays speech sounds in the environment through the user's headphones. This allows the user to be aware of speech events and remain involved in conversations while using headphones.
Towards a framework for source code instrumentation measurement validation (2005)

Ignoring monitoring overhead and not validating measurements are two common mistakes in benchmarking. We extend, apply and evaluate for a practical FFT library our own methodologies for overhead compensation and over-all validation. The overhead and error sources we address include the source instrumentation and separate activities unrelated to the phenomena under study. We are able to quantify the differences with simpler compared with more portable probe technology and relate them to compiler optimization effects. Finally we formulate our framework for validating performance measurement using software accessible counters within existing framework for general software measurements.
In Vitro and in Vivo Analysis of the Binding of the C Terminus of the HDL Receptor Scavenger Receptor Class B, Type I (SR-BI), to the PDZ1 Domain of Its Adaptor Protein PDZK1 (2010)

The PDZ1 domain of the four PDZ domain-containing protein PDZK1 has been reported to bind the C terminus of the HDL receptor scavenger receptor class B, type I (SR-BI), and to control hepatic SR-BI expression and function. We generated wild-type (WT) and mutant murine PDZ1 domains, the mutants bearing single amino acid substitutions in their carboxylate binding loop (Lys(14)-Xaa(4)-Asn(19)-Tyr-Gly-Phe-Phe-Leu(24)), and measured their binding affinity for a 7-residue peptide corresponding to the C terminus of SR-BI ((503)VLQEAKL(509)). The Y20A and G21Y substitutions abrogated all binding activity. Surprisingly, binding affinities (K(d)) of the K14A and F22A mutants were 3.2 and 4.0 μM, respectively, similar to 2.6 μM measured for the WT PDZ1. To understand these findings, we determined the high resolution structure of WT PDZ1 bound to a 5-residue sequence from the C-terminal SR-BI ((505)QEAKL(509)) using x-ray crystallography. In addition, we incorporated the K14A and Y20A substitutions into full-length PDZK1 liver-specific transgenes and expressed them in WT and PDZK1 knock-out mice. In WT mice, the transgenes did not alter endogenous hepatic SR-BI protein expression (intracellular distribution or amount) or lipoprotein metabolism (total plasma cholesterol, lipoprotein size distribution). In PDZK1 knock-out mice, as expected, the K14A mutant behaved like wild-type PDZK1 and completely corrected their hepatic SR-BI and plasma lipoprotein abnormalities. Unexpectedly, the 10-20-fold overexpressed Y20A mutant also substantially, but not completely, corrected these abnormalities. The results suggest that there may be an additional site(s) within PDZK1 that bind(s) SR-BI and mediate(s) productive SR-BI-PDZK1 interaction previously attributed exclusively to the canonical binding of the C-terminal SR-BI to PDZ1.
Simulation of Direct Drive Generators Designed for Underwater Vertical Axis Turbines (2003)

Abstract — This paper presents simulated results for several direct drive permanent magnet generators, with different rotation speeds, designed to meet the requirements of an unregulated watercourse. At this stage our focus is on a small-scale concept but in other locations a larger generator may be more beneficial. The simulations are based on data for an existing vertical axis turbine. The results are derived from calculations of the electromagnetic fields. In this preliminary study it is shown that the direct drive electromagnetic power conversion is not a restricting factor when designing a generator to the conditions in an unregulated watercourse. I.
Endocrinology: Comparative pharmacokinetics of two urinary human follicle stimulating hormone preparations in healthy female and male volunteers (1993)

These studies were designed to compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of a very highly purified urinary human follicle stimulating hormone (FSH-HP) preparation (sp. act. approximately 9000 IU FSH/mg of protein), Metrodin HP, with a standard urinary FSH preparation Metrodin (FSH). The two preparations were administered in a balanced, random-order, cross-over sequence as single doses of 150 IU, separated by 1 week of washout to 12 female volunteers by i.v. injection and to 12 male volunteers by i.m. and s.c. routes. FSH concentrations were measured by immunoradiometric assay and by an in-vitro rat granulosa cell aromatase bioassay. After an i.v. bolus, the pharmacokinetics of the two FSH preparations were identical. Total clearance was 0.5 and 0.15 l/h respectively for immunoassay and bioassay data. Immunoassay showed that the two preparations were similar for renal clearance (0.1 l/h), volumes of distribution at steady state (9 l), distribution and terminal half-lives (2 and 17 h, respectively). After parenteral administrations, the absorption half-life of FSH was approximately 3 h and the apparent terminal half-life was approximately 1.5 days. Both preparations had relative bioavailabilities close to 100% for i.m. and s.c. administrations. Immunopurification, which results in a very highly purified FSH-HP, does not modify the pharmacokinetic properties of FSH. This study also confirmed that s.c. and i.m. doses of FSH-HP are equivalent from the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic points of view.
Regulation of NO3− Influx in Barley (1985)

Short-term (10 minutes) measurements of plasmalemma NO(3) (-) influx (phi(oc)) into roots of intact barley plants were obtained using (13)NO(3) (-). In plants grown for 4 days at various NO(3) (-) levels (0.1, 0.2, 0.5 millimolar), phi(oc) was found to be independent of the level of NO(3) (-) pretreatment. Similarly, pretreatment with Cl(-) had no effect upon plasmalemma (13)NO(3) (-) influx. Plants grown in the complete absence of (13)NO(3) (-) (in CaSO(4) solutions) subsequently revealed influx values which were more than 50% lower than for plants grown in NO(3) (-). Based upon the documented effects of NO(3) (-) or Cl(-) pretreatments on net uptake of NO(3) (-), these observations suggest that negative feedback from vacuolar NO(3) (-) and/or Cl(-) acts at the tonoplast but not at the plasmalemma. When included in the influx medium, 0.5 millimolar Cl(-) was without effect upon (13)NO(3) (-) influx, but NH(4) (+) caused approximately 50% reduction of influx at this concentration.
Engineering Platinum–Cobalt Nano‐alloys in Porous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution (2021)

Highly efficient electrocatalysts are essential for the production of green hydrogen from water electrolysis. Herein, a metal-organic framework-assisted pyrolysis-replacement-reorganization approach is developed to obtain ultrafine Pt-Co alloy nanoparticles (sub-10 nm) attached on the inner and outer shells of porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNT) with closed ends. During the thermal reorganization, the migration of Pt-Co nano-alloys to both surfaces ensures the maximized exposure of active sites while maintaining the robust attachment to the porous carbon matrix. Density functional theory calculations suggest a nearly thermodynamically-neutral free energy of adsorption for hydrogen intermediates and diversified active sites induced by alloying, thus resulting in a great promotion in intrinsic activity towards the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Benefiting from the delicate structural design and compositional modulation, the optimized Pt<sub>3</sub> Co@NCNT electrocatalyst manifests outstanding HER activity and superior stability in both acidic and alkaline media.