gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
N-ras mutations in adult de novo acute myelogenous leukemia: prevalence and clinical significance (1990)

Point mutations of the N-ras proto-oncogenes have been previously detected in 20% to 60% of samples of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), but the clinical significance of these mutations is presently unclear. We directly sequenced polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified N-ras fragments to determine the frequency of N-ras point mutations in 55 adult patients with de novo AML. Mutations were present in 8 of 55 (15%) patients. These mutations were usually in codon 12, 13, or 61, but one patient had mutations in both codons 13 and 61, and another had an unusual point mutation in N-ras codon 60. A comparison of patients with and without N-ras mutations showed no statistically significant differences in pretreatment clinical variables, response to induction therapy, or survival, except for a possibly higher percentage of FAB M4 subtypes in patients with the N-ras mutation. These data together with previous reports suggest that the presence of N-ras point mutations do not clearly define a unique clinical or biologic subset of AML patients.
Contrasts among Bidirectional Reflectance of Leaves, Canopies, and Soils (1985)

The apparent brightness of a natural surface depends on the characteristics and direction of incident radiation, surface radiative properties, and the direction from which the surface is viewed. The bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (BRDF) for soils, vegetation canopies, and individual leaves have common features that arise from an anisotropic diffuse scattered component as well as specular reflections from irregular surfaces. The diffuse scattered component, however, tends to dominate canopy and soil BRDF's where as specular reflection tends to dominate leaf BRDF's. In this paper, simple models are presented for predicting soil and canopy BRDF's, and predicted results are compared with some measurements. This effort represents an attempt to illustrate the important features that cause observed BRDF's. The results of the models are compared with a simple three coefficient empirical equation that may be easier to invert than the causitive models so that radiation measurements can be used to obtain surface features. Some BRDF measurements from corn and soybean leaves provide a contrast for canopy and soil distributions, and also provide needed leaf properties that are important to vegetation canopy models. The knowledge of soil, canopy, and leaf BRDF's is combined into a single model, called Cupid, to predict the resultant BRDF of complex natural surfaces.
Molecular Mechanisms Leading to Null-Protein Product from Retinoschisin (RS1) Signal-Sequence Mutants in X-Linked Retinoschisis (XLRS) Disease (2010)

Retinoschisin (RS1) is a cell-surface adhesion molecule expressed by photoreceptor and bipolar cells of the retina. The 24-kDa protein encodes two conserved sequence motifs: the initial signal sequence targets the protein for secretion while the larger discoidin domain is implicated in cell adhesion. RS1 helps to maintain the structural organization of the retinal cell layers and promotes visual signal transduction. RS1 gene mutations cause X-linked retinoschisis disease (XLRS) in males, characterized by early-onset central vision loss. We analyzed the biochemical consequences of several RS1 signal-sequence mutants (c.1A>T, c.35T>A, c.38T>C, and c.52G>A) found in our subjects. Expression analysis in COS-7 cells demonstrates that these mutations affect RS1 biosynthesis and result in an RS1 null phenotype by several different mechanisms. By comparison, discoidin-domain mutations generally lead to nonfunctional conformational variants that remain trapped inside the cell. XLRS disease has a broad heterogeneity in general, but subjects with the RS1 null-protein signal-sequence mutations are on the more severe end of the clinical phenotype. Results from the signal-sequence mutants are discussed in the context of the discoidin-domain mutations, clinical phenotypes, genotype-phenotype correlations, and implications for RS1 gene replacement therapy.
Phase I trial of AP24534 in patients with refractory chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and hematologic malignancies. (2010)

6511 Background: AP24534, an oral multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is a potent pan-BCR-ABL inhibitor, including T315I. A phase I trial to assess its safety, maximum tolerated dose and activity is ongoing. Methods: Patients (pts) with refractory leukemia were enrolled on a dose escalation trial of daily AP24534. Dose levels were 2, 4, 8, 15, 30 and 60mg and a 45mg level is currently open. Results: As of 1/4/10, 48 pts, median age 62 yrs (range 26-85) have been enrolled. There are 42 CML pts (31 chronic [CP], 6 accelerated [AP], 5 blast phase [BP]) and 2 with Ph+ ALL. Prior therapies in CML pts include imatinib (I) (100% of pts), dasatinib (D) (88%), nilotinib (N) (65%); 97% and 81% of the Ph+ pts failed 2 and 3 prior TKIs, respectively and 88% had documented BCR-ABL mutations. Ph+ pts include 18 with T315I and 6 with F317L. 32 (67%) remain on therapy, median duration 61 days (range 5-360). Sixteen (33%) have discontinued; 7 (15%) for PD, 6 (13%) for investigator decision, 2 (4%) for unrelated deaths, and 1 (2%) for toxicity (pancreatitis). Related AEs ≥ 10% are: nausea (20%), fatigue (15%), vomiting (15%), headache (13%), arthralgia (10%), hot flush (10%), incr glucose (10%), incr lipase (10%), muscle spasms (10%), and rash (10%). Grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 40% pts and neutropenia in 43%. There are 4/12 pts with G3/4 amylase/lipase at 60 mg and 2/12 with G2 reversible pancreatitis. In evaluable CML pts, 11/13 (85%) achieved CHR, 7/21 (33%) achieved CCyR and 10/21 (48%) achieved MCyR. All 7 (100%) evaluable T315I CP CML pts had CHR, 4 (57%) had CCyR, and 1 (14%) MiCyR. Of 11 evaluable AP/ BP CML or Ph+ALL pts, 4 (36%) had MHR, 1 (9%) had CCyR, and 1 (9%) had minimal response. Of 8 T315I pts in this group, 3 (38%) had MHR, 1 (13%) had CCyR, and 1 (13%) had minimal response. There was 1 CCyR and 1 minimal CyR in 2 F317L pts who failed I, D, and N. A F359C pt who failed I and N achieved CHR and CCyR. MMR was achieved in 3 CML pts (M351T, F359C, and F317L) after 3 months (2 at 15 mg and 1 at 60 mg) and 1 T315I pt attained a transcript level of 0.15% after 6 months on 30mg. Conclusions: AP24534 is well tolerated with no DLTs until 60 mg. There is evidence of antileukemia activity in pts resistant to second generation TKIs, including pts with T315I. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Novartis ARIAD Pharmaceuticals ARIAD Pharmaceuticals
An Augmented High-Dimensional Graphical Lasso Method to Incorporate Prior Biological Knowledge for Global Network Learning (2022)

Biological networks are often inferred through Gaussian graphical models (GGMs) using gene or protein expression data only. GGMs identify conditional dependence by estimating a precision matrix between genes or proteins. However, conventional GGM approaches often ignore prior knowledge about protein-protein interactions (PPI). Recently, several groups have extended GGM to weighted graphical Lasso (wGlasso) and network-based gene set analysis (Netgsa) and have demonstrated the advantages of incorporating PPI information. However, these methods are either computationally intractable for large-scale data, or disregard weights in the PPI networks. To address these shortcomings, we extended the Netgsa approach and developed an augmented high-dimensional graphical Lasso (AhGlasso) method to incorporate edge weights in known PPI with omics data for global network learning. This new method outperforms weighted graphical Lasso-based algorithms with respect to computational time in simulated large-scale data settings while achieving better or comparable prediction accuracy of node connections. The total runtime of AhGlasso is approximately five times faster than weighted Glasso methods when the graph size ranges from 1,000 to 3,000 with a fixed sample size (<i>n</i> = 300). The runtime difference between AhGlasso and weighted Glasso increases when the graph size increases. Using proteomic data from a study on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we demonstrate that AhGlasso improves protein network inference compared to the Netgsa approach by incorporating PPI information.
Transmit/receive radiofrequency coil with individually shielded elements (2010)

A novel method for decoupling coil elements of transmit/receive (transceive) arrays is reported. Each element of a coil array is shielded both concentrically and radially to reduce the magnetic flux linkage between neighboring coils; this substantially reduces the mutual inductance between coil elements and allows them to behave independently. A six-channel transceive coil was developed using this decoupling scheme and compared with two conventional decoupling schemes: the partial overlapping of adjacent elements and capacitive decoupling. The radiofrequency coils were designed to image the human head and were tested on a 7-T Varian scanner. The decoupling, transmit uniformity, transmit efficiency, signal-to-noise ratio, and geometry factors were compared between coils. The individually shielded coil achieved higher minimum isolation between elements (2.7-4.0 dB) and lower geometry factors (2-14%) than the overlapped and capacitively decoupled coils, while showing a reduction in transmit efficiency (2.8-5.9 dB) and signal-to-noise ratio (up to 34%). No difference was found in the power absorbed by the sample during a 90° radiofrequency pulse. The inset distance of coil elements within their shields was then reduced, resulting in significant improvement of the transmit efficiency (1.3 dB) and signal-to-noise ratio (28%). The greatest asset of this decoupling method lies in its versatility: transceive coils can be created with elements of arbitrary shape, size, location, and resonant frequency to produce three-dimensional conformal arrays.
In search of speculative thread-level parallelism (2003)

The paper focuses in the problem of how to find and effectively exploit speculative thread-level parallelism. Our studies show that speculating only on loops does not yield sufficient parallelism. We propose the use of speculative procedure execution as a means to increase the available parallelism. An additional technique, data value prediction, has the potential to greatly improve the performance of speculative execution. In particular, return value prediction improves the success of procedural speculation, and stride value prediction improves the success of loop speculation.
Improvements of electromechanical properties of gelatin hydrogels by blending with nanowire polypyrrole: effects of electric field and temperature (2012)

Nanowire-polypyrrole/gelatin hydrogels were fabricated by dispersion of nanowire-polypyrrole into a gelatin aqueous solution followed by solvent casting. The electromechanical properties, thermal properties and deflection of pure gelatin hydrogel and nanowire-polypyrrole/gelatin hydrogels were studied as functions of temperature, frequency and electric field strength. The 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1% v/v nanowire-polypyrrole/gelatin hydrogels and pure gelatin hydrogel possess storage modulus sensitivity values of 0.75, 1.04, 0.88, 0.99 and 0.46, respectively, at an electric field strength of 800 V mm−1. The effect of temperature on the electromechanical properties of the pure gelatin hydrogel and nanowire-polypyrrole/gelatin hydrogels was investigated between 30 and 80 °C; there are three regimes for the storage modulus behaviour. In deflection testing in a cantilever fixture, the dielectrophoresis force was determined and found to increase monotonically with electric field strength. The pure gelatin hydrogel shows the highest deflection angle and dielectrophoresis force at an electric field strength of 800 V mm−1 relative to those of the nanowire-polypyrrole/gelatin hydrogels. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Aerodynamic Aspects of Endwall Film-Cooling (1996)

This paper describes an investigation of the aerodynamic aspects of endwall film-cooling, in which the flow field downstream of a large-scale low-speed linear turbine cascade has been measured. The integrated losses and locations of secondary flow features with and without end wait film-cooling have been determined for variations of both the coolant supply pressure and injection location. Together with previous measurements of adiabatic film-cooling effectiveness and surface-flow visualisation, these results reveal the nature of the interactions between the ejected coolant and the flow in the blade passage. Measured hole massflows and a constant static pressure mixing analysis, together with the measured losses, allow the decomposition of the losses into three distinct entropy generation mechanisms: loss generation within the hole, loss generation due to the mixing of the coolant with the mainstream, and change in secondary loss generation in the blade passage. Results show that the loss generation within the coolant holes is substantial and that ejection into regions of low static pressure increases the loss per unit coolant massflow. Ejection upstream of the three-dimensional separation lines on the endwall changes secondary flow and reduces its associated losses. The results show that it is necessary to take the three-dimensional nature of the endwall flow into account in the design of endwall film-cooling configurations.
Selección de cepas nativas ecuatorianas del hongo ostra (Pleurotus ostreatus) con fines industriales (2016)

Se realizo la seleccion de una cepa nativa ecuatoriana de hongo ostra ( Pleurotus ostreatus ) con fines a su produccion industrial, la cepas seleccionadas se tomaron de la coleccion de cultivos del CEBA y se incubaron a 20 oC. Se observo que la cepa ceba-gliie-po-010106 tiene mayor velocidad de crecimiento lineal, con una rx promedio de 0,84 mm/h.
Cardiac telemonitoring by integrating pacemaker telemetry within worldwide data communication systems (2002)

During the last four years, more than 12,000 myocardial electrogram sequences in five hospitals in different countries have been recorded using pacemakers with extended-bandwidth analogue telemetry (0.3-200 Hz) and subsequently transmitted via the Internet to the central processing station in Graz. The two main objectives have been the development of a non-invasive method for the quasi-continuous rejection surveillance of transplanted hearts and the evaluation of data exchange networks with worldwide availability, like the Internet, for telemonitoring purposes. The results demonstrate, in principle, the suitability and the diagnostic potential of the integrated communication system for cardiac telemonitoring. The major restriction is that the effective transmission rate in the Internet is low and still decreasing. As a consequence, data exchange networks with higher transmission rates are necessary in order to utilize the full and challenging potential of telemedicine.
Transumbilical pure single-port laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (2015)

Transumbilical single-port laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (SPLDN) is a novel, rapidly evolving, minimally invasive treatment modality for kidney transplantation. This method causes minimal parietal injury, has cosmetic advantages, and allows rapid recovery because of low postoperative pain and short hospital stay. Like other abdominal surgeries, when conducted by experienced laparoscopic surgeons, it can meet the same graft requirements as conventional laparoscopic surgery. Here, we report the first two cases of transumbilical SPLDN at Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea. We used the umbilicus as a common path for laparoscopic procedures and as a route for specimen retrieval. The operating times were 230 and 265 minutes in cases 1 and 2, respectively. No intra- or postoperative complications were noted. In case 1, the wound length was 4 cm and duration of hospitalization was 2 days. In case 2, the wound length was only 2.5 cm, and the duration of hospitalization was only 1 day.
Cross-Validating and Bagging Partitioning Algorithms with Variable Importance (2005)

We present a cross-validated bagging scheme in the context of partitioning algorithms. To explore the benefits of the various bagging scheme, we compare via simulations the predictive ability of single Classification and Regression (CART) Tree with several previously suggested bagging schemes and with our proposed approach. Additionally, a variable importance measure is explained and illustrated.
Multimode scan (2003)

Built-in self-test (BIST) is an attractive design-for-test methodology for core-based SoC design because of the minimal need for test access when tests are generated and evaluated within the core itself. However, the scan based logic BIST approach being widely considered for this application suffers from two significant weaknesses: slow test-per-scan execution, and a limited capability for detecting realistic timing and delay faults, critical in deep submicron technologies. The new multimode scan based approach presented here supports test-per-clock BIST, which runs orders of magnitude faster, and also provides significantly better delay fault coverage.
Analysis of Pressure Rise in an ITER-Like Fusion Reactor During In-Vessel LOCA by A Modified TRAC-PF1 Code (2001)

Damage of cooling tubes of plasma facing components (PFCs) results in water discharge into a vacuum vessel (W) of a fusion reactor. Flashing in vacuum, water pool boiling and impingement-jet on a surface of the PFC are the main heat transfer phenomena responsible for steam production that causes a rapid pressurization of the W. This is called an in-vessel loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) event or ingress-of-coolant event (ICE). The ICE event is one of the most severe accidents in the fusion reactors.The integrated ICE test facility was constructed to demonstrate the safety design approach of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) and obtain validation data for the ITER safety analysis codes. Then, an experimental study was performed using the integrated ICE test facility and at the same time the code validation study with the TRAC code was carried out. The pressure rise characteristics in the current ITER machine during the ICE event were analyzed numerically using the verified TRAC-PF1 code and the effects of the relief pipe diameter and suppression tank volume regarding to the pressure rise due to the ICE events were clarified quantitatively from the present analytical results.
Evaluation of Ni–Mn–In–Si Alloys for Magnetic Refrigerant Application (2011)

The influence of excess Ni on the structural, martensitic transformation and magnetic refrigerant properties of Ni <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">50+x</sub> Mn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">35-x</sub> In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sub> Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</i> = 0, 1, and 1.5) alloys was studied by means of X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. The martensitic transition temperature increased when Ni was substituted for Mn in Ni <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">50+x</sub> Mn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">35-x</sub> In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sub> Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and the inverse magnetocaloric effect was observed near the martensitic transformation temperature when the samples were subjected to an applied magnetic field. The maximum magnetic entropy change obtained for the unit magnetic field was 17.2, 19.0, and 2.5 J·kg <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ·K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ·T <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> for the alloys with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</i> = 0, 1, and 1.5, respectively. The highest magnetic entropy change obtained was 31.3 J·kg <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> ·K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> for the alloy with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</i> = 1 at 279 K for a magnetic field change of 0-1.8 T.
Learning Segmentation by Random Walks (2000)

We present a new view of image segmentation by pairwise similarities. We interpret the similarities as edge ows in a Markov random walk and study the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the walk&amp;apos;s transition matrix. This interpretation shows that spectral methods for clustering and segmentation have a probabilistic foundation. In particular, we prove that the Normalized Cut method arises naturally from our framework. Finally, the framework provides a principled method for learning the similarity function as a combination of features. 1 Introduction This paper focuses on pairwise (or similarity-based) clustering and image segmentation. In contrast to statistical clustering methods, that assume a probabilistic model that generates the observed data points (or pixels), pairwise clustering de- nes a similarity function between pairs of points and then formulates a criterion (e.g. maximum total intracluster similarity) that the clustering must optimize. The optimality criteria quant...
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetics and Mechanism of the Iron(III)‐Catalyzed Autoxidation of Sulfur(IV) Oxides in Aqueous Solution. Part 2. Decomposition of Transient Iron(III)‐Sulfur(IV) Complexes. (1989)

Abstract The 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 sulfito complexes of Fe(III) produced by reaction of aquated Fe(III) with S(IV) oxides (see preceding abstract) are found to produce Fe(II), SO 4 2‐ , and S 2 O 6 2‐ in two successive redox reactions.
Support Vector Machines for classification and regression (2009)

The increasing interest in Support Vector Machines (SVMs) over the past 15 years is described. Methods are illustrated using simulated case studies, and 4 experimental case studies, namely mass spectrometry for studying pollution, near infrared analysis of food, thermal analysis of polymers and UV/visible spectroscopy of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. The basis of SVMs as two-class classifiers is shown with extensive visualisation, including learning machines, kernels and penalty functions. The influence of the penalty error and radial basis function radius on the model is illustrated. Multiclass implementations including one vs. all, one vs. one, fuzzy rules and Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) trees are described. One-class Support Vector Domain Description (SVDD) is described and contrasted to conventional two- or multi-class classifiers. The use of Support Vector Regression (SVR) is illustrated including its application to multivariate calibration, and why it is useful when there are outliers and non-linearities.