gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Redistribution of pads on a singulated IC die using laser direct-write ablation (2006)

The use of laser direct-write technology is demonstrated for rapid turnaround redistribution of pads on known good integrated circuit dice. The technology, which is suitable for rapid prototyping of advanced electronic packages, employs an automated laser ablation system with wavelength at 355nm to pattern thin copper films to form the interconnect and vias in the polyimide interlevel insulator. The ablation tool is designed to directly accept the CAD data and write the metallization and via level patterns with excellent (/spl plusmn/3/spl mu/m) layer-to-layer registration. This process is maskless and, except for cleaning steps, does not require patterning by wet chemical etching. The implementation of a change in the design can be done rapidly and involves modifying the CAD data, downloading it to the laser ablation tool, and fabricating a part according to the new design. This paper illustrates the use of laser direct-write ablation for fabrication of via chain test structures and redistribution of pads on functional integrated circuits on singulated dice. Comparable electrical test results were obtained between structures fabricated using laser ablation technology and those fabricated on full 150-mm diameter wafers using conventional photolithography and etch processes.
Long-Term Adrenomedullin Infusion Improves Survival in Malignant Hypertensive Rats (2002)

Previous studies have demonstrated that adrenomedullin has inhibitory effects on the proliferation and DNA synthesis of mesangial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and that plasma adrenomedullin levels are markedly elevated in malignant hypertension. This study was designed to examine whether chronic adrenomedullin infusion has renoprotective effects in malignant hypertensive rats. We studied the following 3 groups: control Wistar Kyoto rats, deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt spontaneously hypertensive rats, and adrenomedullin-treated deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt spontaneously hypertensive rats. Chronic adrenomedullin infusion using an osmotic minipump was started simultaneously with deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt treatment. After 3 weeks of the treatment, malignant hypertensive rats were characterized by higher blood pressure, kidney weight, urinary protein excretion, glomerular injury score, plasma renin concentration, aldosterone level, endogenous rat plasma adrenomedullin level, renal cortical tissue angiotensin II level, angiotensin-converting enzyme mRNA level, and transforming growth factor-beta1 mRNA level in the renal cortex, and by lower creatinine clearance, compared with the control rats. Chronic adrenomedullin infusion significantly improved these parameters (kidney weight -6.5%, urinary protein excretion -63.8%, glomerular injury score -38.3%, plasma renin concentration -52.4%, aldosterone -23.2%, rat adrenomedullin -28.6%, renal angiotensin II -28.1%, renal angiotensin-converting enzyme mRNA -38.3%, renal transforming growth factor-beta1 mRNA -56.2%, and creatinine clearance +20.5%) without significant reduction of mean arterial pressure (-4%). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that adrenomedullin infusion significantly prolonged survival time. These results suggest that subdepressor dose of chronic adrenomedullin infusion has renoprotective effects in this malignant hypertension model, at least in part, via inhibition of the circulating and intrarenal renin-angiotensin system.
Contribution of cytoplasm viscoelastic properties to mitotic spindle positioning (2022)

Cells are filled with macromolecules and polymer networks that set scale-dependent viscous and elastic properties to the cytoplasm. Although the role of these parameters in molecular diffusion, reaction kinetics, and cellular biochemistry is being increasingly recognized, their contributions to the motion and positioning of larger organelles, such as mitotic spindles for cell division, remain unknown. Here, using magnetic tweezers to displace and rotate mitotic spindles in living embryos, we uncovered that the cytoplasm can impart viscoelastic reactive forces that move spindles, or passive objects with similar size, back to their original positions. These forces are independent of cytoskeletal force generators yet reach hundreds of piconewtons and scale with cytoplasm crowding. Spindle motion shears and fluidizes the cytoplasm, dissipating elastic energy and limiting spindle recoils with functional implications for asymmetric and oriented divisions. These findings suggest that bulk cytoplasm material properties may constitute important control elements for the regulation of division positioning and cellular organization.
Kinetic Competition between Charge Separation and Triplet Formation in Small-Molecule Photovoltaic Blends (2017)

Using transient absorption, time-resolved photoluminescence, and device measurements, we show that fullerene aggregation in small-molecule organic photovoltaic blends correlates with photocurrent enhancement due to kinetically avoided recombination to thermodynamically favored triplet states. We evaluate the electron donor chloroboron subphthalocyanine (SubPc) blended with a C60 fullerene electron acceptor. We show that photocurrent generation nearly doubles for SubPc:C60 blends with a higher C60 ratio (1:2 versus 1:1) and enhanced fullerene aggregation. Our spectroscopic results suggest that aggregation at the higher C60 loading ratio aids in sustaining the free charge population by inhibiting recombination to form SubPc triplets. By also examining blended SubPc:C60 films in which aggregation and charge transfer are disrupted by an inert matrix, we further highlight an additional energy transfer pathway for SubPc triplet formation facilitated by intersystem crossing centered on C60. This energy transfer pathway is kinetically outcompeted by charge transfer in the condensed films employed in devices. Our results provide new insight into the role that aggregation plays in promoting charge separation and photocurrent collection in small-molecule organic photovoltaics. Our findings suggest new avenues for improving device performance by kinetically avoiding recombination to triplet states, despite the presence of multiple thermodynamically accessible pathways for triplet formation in these blended films.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHORUS CLOSO‐OXYMIDE P4(NCH3)6O4 (1976)

Abstract Die sublimierbare, luftempfindliche Titelverbindung (II) wird durch Oxidation des Tetraphosphorhexaimids (I) mit Trimethylamin‐N‐oxid bei Raumtemperatur dargestellt.
Feature transformation of neural activity with sparse and low-rank decomposition (2015)

We propose a novel application of the sparse and low-rank (SLR) decomposition method to decode cognitive states for concept activity measured using fMRI BOLD. Current decoding methods attempt to reduce the dimensionality of fMRI BOLD signals to increase classification rate, but do not address the separable issues of multiple noise sources and complexity in the underlying data. Our feature transformation method extends SLR to separate task activity from the resting state and extract concept specific cognitive state. We show a significant increase in single trial decoding of concepts from fMRI BOLD using SLR to extract task specific cognitive state.
Technology / circuits joint evening panel discussion how will we survive the post-scaling era? Tuesday, June 6, 20:00–21:30 (2017)

For many decades the semiconductor industry has enjoyed the benefits of scaling. Every 2 years or so a new process node would arrive, bringing with it reduced area, along with improved performance and power. In recent years, we have seen and overcome many challenges to the scaling model, necessitating considerable efforts in VLSI circuits and technology. While we have largely maintained area scaling, obtaining even modest node-to-node improvements in performance and power has been difficult. New applications require much higher level compute than ever before which we are aiming to do via accelerators, programmable fabrics etc. These implementations respond very well with technology scaling. However, we are now approaching the biggest challenge yet. What happens when scaling slows to the point that it has, for practical purposes, stopped? How will we survive the post-scaling era? Our panel of experts, spanning VLSI technology, circuits, and business, looks at the difficulties ahead and potential ways forward.
I Sing the Mapboard Electric (2011)

In this article, the technical issues involved in transforming the traditional control center into an operations control environment that can be relocated or resized to meet rapid and frequent changes in operational needs are described. Most important, the future operations control center must replicate all the functionality provided by the fixed map board-a complete view of the grid, switch status, tagging, safety documents, and operational notes-on a large-format display. The future operations center thus becomes a virtual control center that can be either expanded or contracted on demand to meet the changing operational needs of the smart distribution grid.
Internet of Things for human — Pet interaction (2016)

Nowadays, factors such as aging from one side and declining birthrate on the other side in addition to modern workforce and change in social structure has strong impact on relationships in the society. As one result of the above factors many people prefer to own a pet as a companion. However, due to the busy work schedule for most of the pet owners and not being able to share the caring task with others, paying full time attention to the pet is almost impossible. To solve the mentioned problem, we aimed to develop intelligent and interactive system to bridge the gap between the pet and the pet owner. This research is based on the concept of the Internet of Things by using Linux operating system and Raspberry Pi board as development platform. The proposed system provides a smart phone application to the pet owner that can make real-time communication with the pet using internet. As an input module the owner can use the vision module of the system to have a view of his/her pet and as an output module can control the servo motors of the wearable device on the pet for feeding. In future, we hope this system can be improved and used by pet owners for real-time interaction with their pets from distance where they can be in the same location physically.
Analysis of the requirement for RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeats in pre-mRNA splicing and 3′-end cleavage (2004)

The carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (pol II) plays an important role in coupling transcription with precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) processing. Efficient capping, splicing, and 3'-end cleavage of pre-mRNA depend on the CTD. Moreover, specific processing factors are known to associate with this structure. The CTD is therefore thought to act as a platform that facilitates the assembly of complexes required for the processing of nascent transcripts. The mammalian CTD contains 52 tandemly repeated heptapeptides with the consensus sequence YSPTSPS. The C-terminal half of the mammalian CTD contains mostly repeats that diverge from this consensus sequence, whereas the N-terminal half contains mostly repeats that match the consensus sequence. Here, we demonstrate that 22 tandem repeats, from either the conserved or divergent halves of the CTD, are sufficient for approximate wild-type levels of transcription, splicing, and 3'-end cleavage of two different pre-mRNAs, one containing a constitutively spliced intron, and the other containing an intron that depends on an exon enhancer for efficient splicing. In contrast, each block of 22 repeats is not sufficient for efficient inclusion of an alternatively spliced exon in another pre-mRNA. In this case, a longer CTD is important for counteracting the negative effect of a splicing silencer element located within the alternative exon. Our results indicate that the length, rather than the composition of CTD repeats, can be the major determinant in efficient processing of different pre-mRNA substrates. However, the extent of this length requirement depends on specific sequence features within the pre-mRNA substrate.
Antifungal Lipopeptides from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain BO7 (2011)

Three new lipopeptides (1-3) were isolated from the organic extract of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain (BO7). These compounds represented the major constituents (>60%) of the total cell lipids extractable with CHCl(3)/MeOH (2:1). Elucidation of their chemical structure was carried out by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (MS/MS), along with chemical degradation. The compounds are members of the surfactins family and are based on the heptapeptide Glu-Leu-Leu-Ala-Asp-Leu-Leu, N-acylated to the N-terminal by an (R)-3-hydroxy fatty acid with linear alkyl chains from 16:0 to 18:0 (1-3, respectively). An ester bond between the 3-hydroxyl group of the fatty acid and the carboxylic group of the C-terminal amino acid closes a 13-membered lactone ring. The bacterial lipopeptides, particularly compound 3, displayed strong and dose-dependent antifungal activity against the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum.
Research on Location of Line Spectrum of Underwater Target Based on Passive Synthetic Aperture Method (2015)

Considering the location demand of radiated noise source in underwater target, the method of location of line spectrum of radiated noise based on passive synthetic aperture method is presented. Line spectrum signal is received using single hydrophone, and azimuth sampling rate depends on the azimuth doppler band, and the received data of one-dimension is transformed into data of two-dimension. Azimuth compressing function is configured based on the range curve and the frequency of line spectrum, image of line spectrum is derived in frequeny-azimuth domain. Simulated results show that line spetrum of radiated noise can be located and distinguished, and the resolution is dependent on the azimuth doppler band.
Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with acute myeloproliferative disease (? erythroleukaemia) (1978)

Summary Pyoderma gangrenosum at the site of sternal marrow aspirate was observed in a patient with acute myeloproliferative disease characterized by a high peripheral blood basophilia. Lesions with a similar appearance were also seen on the palate. No other disease known to be associated with pyoderma gangrenosum could be demonstrated. A review of the literature suggests that myeloproliferative disease should now be recognized as occurring in association with pyoderma gangrenosum.
Dicamba Volatility (1979)

Factors influencing dicamba drift, especially vapor drift, were examined in field and growth chamber studies. In field experiments, potted soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. exposed to vapors arising from corn ( Zea mays L.) foliarly treated with the sodium (Na), dimethylamine (DMA), diethanolamine (DEOA), or N -tallow- N,N 1 , N 1 -trimethyl-1,3-diaminopropane (TA) salts of dicamba (3,6-dichloro- o -anisic acid), developed dicamba injury symptoms. Dicamba volatilization from treated corn was detected with soybeans for 3 days after the application. Dicamba vapors caused symptoms on soybeans placed up to 60m downwind of the treated corn. When vapor and/or spray drift caused soybean terminal bud kill, yields were reduced. In growth chamber studies, dicamba volatility effects on soybeans could be reduced by lowering the temperature or increasing the relative humidity. Rainfall of 1mm or more on treated corn ended dicamba volatilization. The dicamba volatilization was greater from corn and soybean leaves than from velvetleaf ( Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) leaves and blotter paper. The volatilization of dicamba formulations varied in growth chamber comparisons with the acid being most volatile and the inorganic salts being the least volatile. However, under field conditions, use of less volatile formulations did not eliminate dicamba symptoms on soybeans. The volatile component of the commercial DMA salt of dicamba was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as free dicamba acid.
THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF PROGESTERONE AND PREGNANEDIOL IN HUMAN PLASMA (1958)

A chemical method is described for the quantitative determination of progesterone and pregnanediol in human plasma. The sensitivity of the method is demonstrated by its ability to detect as little as 1.0 μg. of progesterone or pregnanediol in a 10-ml. sample of plasma. Tts accuracy was tested in recovery experiments in which progesterone was added to male plasma before, and pregnanediol was added before and after, enzymic hydrolysis. In these experiments, recoveries of the order of 85-95 per cent were obtained with amounts of the steroids ranging from 0.2 μg. to 0.9 μg. per ml. of plasma. Evidence for the specificity of the method is presented. In the case of progesterone, this is supported by the results of a paper chromatographic study by the method of Zander and Simmer. In the case of pregnanediol, it was found that the steroid determined by the method has an Rf value identical with that of pure 5β-pregntine-3α: 20α-diol and a closely similar absorption spectrum in concentrated sulphuric acid. A preliminary account is given of the clinical application of the method.
[The evaluation of ratio of oncomarkers in search of initial focus of tumor: on the occasion of fiftieth anniversary of discovery of alpha-fetoprotein as an oncomarker]. (2014)

The article presents research data testifying the dominant value of HAFP behavior in diagnostic of oncological diseases. The importance of study of profile of main oncomarkers in patient is demonstrated. The method of hydrohelium biochips, developed in the institute of molecular biology, was used to determine 9 key oncomarkers. The application of this method made it possible to essentially complete the information map in 8 patients according to clinical interpretation of disease. In economically justified variant, this method is able to shorten period of study of patient, to specify character of pathological process and to transfer examination load of patients to the out-patient level.
Engineering a Methymycin/Pikromycin−Calicheamicin Hybrid:  Construction of Two New Macrolides Carrying a Designed Sugar Moiety (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTEngineering a Methymycin/Pikromycin−Calicheamicin Hybrid: Construction of Two New Macrolides Carrying a Designed Sugar MoietyLishan Zhao, Joachim Ahlert, Yongquan Xue, Jon S. Thorson, David H. Sherman, and Hung-wen LiuView Author Information Departments of Chemistry and Microbiology and Biological Process Technology Institute University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 Laboratory for Biosynthetic Chemistry Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center 1275 York Avenue, Box 309, New York, New York 10021 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 42, 9881–9882Publication Date (Web):October 6, 1999Publication History Received6 August 1999Published online6 October 1999Published inissue 1 October 1999https://doi.org/10.1021/ja992810kCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views373Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (45 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Carbohydrates,Genetics,Lactones,Macrocyclic compounds,Metabolism Get e-Alerts
Development of a Novel Metalworking Fluid Engineered for Use With Microfiltration Recycling (2006)

Microfiltration can increase the service life of metalworking fluid by removing contaminants. However, membranes quickly become clogged, a process known as fouling. Anti-fouling methods in practice in the mid-2000s involved backpulsing the membrane or modifying its surface to mechanically remove fouling. However, those methods merely slowed fouling and did not prevent it. Thus ISTC’s Kishore Rajagopalan and colleagues from the University of Illinois set out to develop a new metalworking fluid that does not foul the membrane.
Effects of concomitant and sinecomitant immunity on postsurgical metastasis in mice. (1986)

The role of concomitant and sinecomitant antitumor resistance in the regulation of metastatic outgrowth was assessed using methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced tumors in C3H/HeJ mice. Variants of neoplasms MCA-F, MCA-D, and MCA-2A were selected for proclivity for spontaneous lung metastasis and expression of parental tumor-specific transplantation antigens. The incidence of spontaneous lung metastases after resection of a s.c. tumor of clone 9-4, a highly metastatic variant of the MCA-F tumor, was determined by both the size and the duration of neoplastic disease. The coexistence of the primary local tumor retarded lung colonization both from spontaneous and after artificially induced metastases. Greater concomitant immunity leading to a reduced number of artificial metastases after i.v. challenge with clone 9-4 cells was evident in hosts bearing large (1.6 to 1.8 cm) compared to small (0.1 to 0.2 cm) burdens of the nonmetastatic MCA-F (P less than 0.005). Furthermore, i.v. challenge of mice bearing antigenically different tumors revealed that the concomitant inhibition was antigen specific with small tumor burdens, but nonspecific and possibly more efficacious with large tumor burdens. Therefore, concomitant antimetastatic immunity consists of both specific, immune-mediated resistance and nonimmunological mechanisms. Specific concomitant immunity decreases inversely with the progression of the primary, while nonimmunological inhibition of metastasis increases during late stages of primary growth. Abrogation of the strong nonspecific concomitant inhibition by resection of the primary tumor may facilitate lung metastasis. On the other hand, significantly greater inhibition of metastases occurred after resection of 7- or 14-day neoplasms compared to larger tumors (P less than 0.001 or 0.05). Sinecomitant inhibition is antigen specific, probably representing an extension of specific concomitant immunity. These results suggest that adjunctive immunotherapeutic protocols for surgically treated hosts should augment existent specific immunity and promote nonspecific resistance, in order to minimize metastatic outgrowth.