gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A series-DG based autonomous islanding microgrid (2016)

A series distributed generation (DG) units based islanding microgrid configuration and the corresponding power sharing method are proposed in this paper. Unlike a conventional islanding microgrid where parallel DG units are connected to the point of common coupling (PCC) to supply electricity to loads in a cooperative manner, this paper discusses the possibility of using series connected low voltage (LV) converters as an alternative solution. It has been demonstrated that the DC/DC boost conversion in the back stage of a conventional DG unit can be removed from this proposed microgrid. In addition, via a very simple power factor-frequency inverse droop control, an accurate real and reactive power sharing can be simultaneously achieved in multiple series DG units. Note that the effectiveness of the proposed power sharing control does not rely on the communications between DG units or the knowledge of detailed microgird circuitry parameters. Therefore, the challenging power sharing problems in conventional islanding microgrids is perfectly solved with this proposed configuration and the control method.
Optimization of V-shaped Synchronous Motor for Automotive Application (2018)

This article proposes a comparative study of two electrical machine topologies. A V-Shaped permanent magnet synchronous machine (the one used in Prius 2004) has been optimally designed based on the BMW-i3 magnet assisted synchro-reluctant machine specifications. This optimization with identical specifications and a thorough electromagnetic study allowed to compare the performances and to explain the differences between these two topologies of machines. We obtain a machine with an active mass less than 18% of the BMW i3 one. We also made an optimization by modifying the pole number from 12 to 10 in order to see the influence of pole number in machine design. We see that for V shaped topology designed for the same specifications, the 10 poles machine shows overall better performance than V shaped machine with 12 pole number.
Vitrification and Polymorphism of Trehalose Induced by Dehydration of Trehalose Dihydrate (2002)

Calorimetric and X-ray diffraction investigations of anhydrous α trehalose obtained by dehydration of its dihydrate form have been performed. The results show that the structural and thermodynamic properties of the dehydrated state strongly depend on the kinetics of water loss. A fast dehydration promotes the formation of a glassy amorphous phase and thus provides an unusual example of direct transformation from crystal to glass. On the other hand, a slow dehydration promotes the formation of a polymorphic crystalline phase (α) of anhydrous trehalose. We also show how this duality crystalline state/glassy amorphous state has led, in previous studies, to a confused pattern of thermodynamic properties of the dehydrated state of trehalose dihydrate. Our results show, in particular, that the properties of the glassy amorphous trehalose obtained by dehydration are very close to that of the quenched liquid trehalose.
Comprehensive Utilization of Iron Tailings in China (2018)

Iron tailings are the main component of industrial solid waste, and their resource utilization has attracted the attention of the whole society. Based on the introduction of chemical mineral composition of iron tailings, the comprehensive utilization status of iron tailings is analyzed. Some existing problems are put forward and relevant Suggestions are given.
Study of liver function in healthy elderly subjects using the 13C‐methacetin breath test (2003)

Hepatic function is not well preserved in healthy humans throughout life and may be due to an increase in vascular resistance.
Supplementary Table S1 from Stress, Immunity, and Cervical Cancer: Biobehavioral Outcomes of a Randomized Clinical Trail (2023)

Supplementary Table S1 from Stress, Immunity, and Cervical Cancer: Biobehavioral Outcomes of a Randomized Clinical Trail
IDDF2021-ABS-0138 Circulating non-coding transcripts serving as biomarkers for diabetic liver steatosis (2021)

<h3>Background</h3> Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) as an advanced form of NAFLD is associated with excessive inflammation in the steatotic livers. Given the common co-morbidity of NASH with diabetes mellitus (DM), we identified a set of circulating RNA transcripts as non-invasive biomarkers to classify disease phenotypes relevant to the onset of diabetic steatosis followed by progression towards liver inflammation. <h3>Methods</h3> We compared miR-192-3p level in mice given HFD (high-fat diet), HFFD (high-fat fructose diet), and MCD (methionine-choline deficient diet) diets. Histopathological lesions were analyzed at critical stages to correlate the miRNA expression. In obese individuals diagnosed with DM or not, we examined the miR-192-3p level by droplet digital PCR and characterized serum whole transcriptomes with SEQuoia Complete Stranded RNA Library kits. <h3>Results</h3> Along with our reported loss of the overlooked star strand miR-192-3p in db/db mice, we found a high circulating level of miR-192-3p in different diets-induced animals, indicating a heightened inflammatory response in the liver, especially in those given HFFD and MCD diets. Since circulating miR-192-3p surges only in HFFD under an insulin-resistant state but not manifested at all in HFD, its circulating level shall reflect the extent of runaway glycerolipid metabolism. Indeed, we observed a similar expression pattern in serum miR-192-3p for obese individuals (BMI&gt;34), where the miRNA can only be detected in individuals diagnosed with DM. Our transcriptomic analysis identified that PI3K-Akt signaling, FoxO signaling and TGFβ signaling pathways were enriched in the hepatocytes with miR-192-3p overexpression. The top differential circulating non-coding transcripts between those individuals with or without diabetes belonged to the ribosomal pathway under the modulating actions of Akt, suggesting the use of these transcripts for a better account of diabetic phenotype. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Circulating levels of miR-192-3p and transcripts along its regulated Akt pathway account for visceral obesity and reflect prognostic outcomes to the progression of diabetes. We hereby advocate miR-192-3p as a functional glycerolipid regulator for steatosis in the diabetic liver which offers know-how for better disease staging and treatment regimes.
Study of partial shape memory effect of polymers by multicycle tests (2015)

In this work, an experimental investigation on a partial shape memory polymer (PSMP) which is transformed into shape memory material is presented. Multicycle shape memory tests are performed on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) at 70°C. At the end of each cycle, the capacity of the shape memory material increases. At the end of the first cycle, the recovery rate of TPU is only 67%; this partial shape memory effect (PSME) has been improved by successive cycles of shape memory tests. After the fourth cycle, it becomes nearly 100% shape memory material. The results of the fifth and sixth cycles confirm this modification. These original results indicate that a polymer with partial shape memory may be transformed into an SMP without any chemical modification. This increase of SME could be related to the creation of residual stresses during the tensile tests. The residual stresses are the origin of the driving force responsible for SME. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:1145–1151, 2015. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers
Microstructure and tensile property simulation of grey cast iron components (2004)

Designers and manufacturers of grey cast iron components have for a long time been interested in predicting microstructures and tensile properties. Accurate predictions are desirable to develop and ...
Skeletal Muscle Fatigability in Heart Failure (2019)

Evidence suggests that heart failure (HF) patients experience skeletal muscle fatigability in the lower extremity during single-limb tasks. The contribution of skeletal muscle fatigability to symptoms of exercise intolerance (perceived fatigue and dyspnea) is relatively unclear. Symptomatic or 'perceived' fatigue is defined by the sensations of exhaustion or tiredness that patients experience either at rest or while performing a motor task. Although factors that contribute to symptoms of fatigue in patients with HF are multifactorial; the skeletal muscle likely plays a major role. Skeletal muscle fatigability, as opposed to symptomatic fatigue, is an objective measure of a reduction in muscle force or power or reduced ability of the muscles to perform over time. Indeed, evidence suggests that patients with HF experience greater skeletal muscle fatigability which may contribute to a diminution in motor performance and the overall symptomatology that is hallmark of exercise intolerance in HF. This review will discuss (1) skeletal muscle fatigability in patients with HF, (2) the mechanisms contributing to locomotor skeletal muscle fatigability in HF and (3) the relationship of fatigability to symptoms of perceived fatigue and exercise intolerance in HF patients. Evidence suggests that cardiac dysfunction alone does not contribute to exercise intolerance. Therefore, mechanisms of skeletal muscle fatigability and their contribution to symptoms of fatigue and exercise intolerance, is an increasingly important consideration as we develop rehabilitative strategies for improving motor performance and functional capacity in patients with HF.
Phase equilibria in the two‐phase system polystyrene—liquid sulphur dioxide (1981)

Abstract The concentration and molecular weight distribution (GPC) of polystyrene (PS) in the two phases of the PS‐SO 2 (δ)‐system were determined. Typical concentrations of PS in the upper phase were around 30%, while the lower phase contained at most 1% PS. An exception was a PS‐grade with a low molecular weight (MW 3.5 · 10 3 ), which dissolved homogeneously. The molecular weight of PS in the lower phase was substantially below an the one found in the concentrated phase. Mechanical agitation was necessary to attain an equilibrium state; during the equilibration the upper phase became more diluted. At the same time the molecular weight of the lower phase PS‐fraction increased, while the MW value in the upper phase remained practically unchanged and equal to that of the virgin sample. The fractionation with regard to the molecular weight between the two phases was also reflected in the T g‐values of the fractions. The value of X(Flory‐Huggins parameter) determined from vapour pressure data above the concentrated phase was 0.8–1.
Polarizable continuum model of solvation for biopolymers (1992)

Abstract The original polarizable continuum model ( PCM ) of solvation based on the boundary element method for the numerical solution of the Poisson equation for a realistic molecular shape is modified through a classical description of solute charge distribution and solute polarization. In this approach, the solute charge distribution is represented by point charges and polarizabilities and the solute–solvent polarization is evaluated. The solvent–solute back polarization is also considered. The effect of electrolyte ionic strength is included via a dielectric function based on the Debye–Hückel model. A more realistic description of molecular cavity boundaries is introduced with the help of variable van der Waals radii. Approaches of evaluation of dispersion–repulsion and cavitation contributions to solvation Gibbs free energy suitable for large biopolymers are also presented. Test calculations illustrating the performance of the model are given together with examples of its application for larger biopolymer structures.
PRESAGETM- Development and optimization studies of a 3D radiochromic plastic dosimeter–Part 1 (2006)

This paper studies the polymerization of six different transparent plastics as potential 3D dosimeter matrices. In addition, six different leuco dyes and sixteen different free radical initiators were evaluated. Finally, the photoreactivity of the dosimeter was studied so that the effect of exposure to UV could be minimized.
Quantitative Phosphoproteomic Analyses Identify STK11IP as a Lysosome-Specific Substrate of mTORC1 that Regulates Lysosomal Acidification (2021)

Abstract The evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase mTORC1 is a central regulator of cell growth and proliferation. mTORC1 is activated on the lysosome surface. However, once mTORC1 is activated, it is unclear whether mTORC1 phosphorylates local lysosomal proteins to regulate specific aspects of lysosomal biology. Through cross-reference analyses of lysosome proteomic with mTORC1-regulated phosphoproteomic, we identified STK11IP as a novel lysosome-specific substrate of mTORC1. mTORC1 directly phosphorylates STK11IP at S404. Knockout of STK11IP led to a robust increase of autophagosome-lysosome fusion and autophagy flux. Dephosphorylation of STK11IP at S404 represses the role of STK11IP as an autophagy inhibitor. Mechanistically, STK11IP binds to V-ATPase, and regulates the activity of V-ATPase. Knockout of STK11IP protects mice from fasting and Methionine and Choline-Deficient Diet (MCD) diet induced fatty liver. Thus, our study demonstrates that STK11IP phosphorylation represents a novel mechanism for mTORC1 to regulate lysosomal acidification, and points to STK11IP as a promising therapeutic target for the amelioration of diseases with aberrant autophagy signaling.
Neutrophilia as prognostic biomarker in locally advanced stage III lung cancer (2018)

In stage III NSCLC patients, treated with concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiation, baseline leukocytosis and neutrophilia were associated with worse OS, PFS, LRC, and DMC. In addition with previously available markers, this independent cost-effective biomarker could help to stratify stage III NSCLC population with more accuracy.
Anti-Inflammatory and Chemopreventive Effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lamarck) Leaf Extract in Experimental Colitis Models in Rodents (2020)

Inflammatory bowel diseases, mainly ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are characterized by chronic inflammation in the intestine. Currently several therapeutic strategies available to treat inflammatory bowel diseases. Though, most treatments can be associated with serious adverse effects what justifies the search for new treatments. In this sense, we highlight the interest in herbal products rich in bioactive compounds which immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties as is the case of <i>Bryophyllum pinnatum</i> (Crassulaceae). This plant is used in traditional medicine in Brazil for treating inflammatory diseases. We hypothesized that hydroethanolic <i>B. pinnatum</i> leaf extract has intestinal anti-inflammatory effects on two experimental colitis models: 2.4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) in rats, and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. Ultra-fast liquid chromatography method used for the quantification of the main compounds indicated good linearity, specificity, selectivity, precision, robustness and accuracy. The major flavonoids (mg/g of the extract) quantified were: quercetin 3-<i>O</i>-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (35.56 ± 0.086 mg/g), kaempferol 3-<i>O</i>-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (4.66 ± 0.076 mg/g) and quercetin-3-<i>O</i>-rhamnopyranoside (4.56 ± 0.026 mg/g). The results obtained in the DNBS and DSS models indicate that extract has both chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory effects, observing a significant reduction in the disease activity index score, and less macroscopic and microscopic damage. The extract promoted downregulation of Toll-like receptor and <i>kappa</i> B p65 nuclear factor gene expression, leading to a reduction in pro-inflammatory and oxidative mediators, chemokines, and cell adhesion molecules. This immunomodulatory property was proposed that one of the possible action mechanisms of extract. An improvement in intestinal damage was also associated with a reduction in oxidative stress and infiltration of leukocytes, as evidenced by the reduction in malonaldialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity and increase in total glutathione in the colonic tissue. Moreover, the extract improved the cytoarchitecture of the colonic tissue and the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier by restoring the expression of the proteins associated with mucosa protection. In view of the beneficial effects showed by the <i>B. pinnatum</i> leaf extract in preclinical rodent models of colitis there is the potential to conduct some future clinical studies to ensure safe and effective development of a phytotherapeutic treatment for human inflammatory bowel diseases.
The Hyperforin Derivative IDN5706 Occludes Spatial Memory Impairments and Neuropathological Changes in a Double Transgenic Alzheimers Mouse Model (2010)

The use of natural compounds is an interesting stratagem in the search of drugs with therapeutic potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We report here the effect of the hyperforin derivative (IDN5706, tetrahydrohyperforin), a semi-synthetic derivative of the St. John's Wort, on the brain neuropathology, learning and memory in a double transgenic (APPswe, PS-1dE9) mouse model of AD. Results indicate that, IDN5706 alleviates memory decline induced by amyloid-beta (Abeta) deposits as indicated by the Morris water maze paradigm. Moreover, the analysis of Abeta deposits by immunodetection and thioflavin-S staining of brain sections, only reveals a decrease in the frequency of the larger-size Abeta deposits, suggesting that IDN5706 affected the turnover of amyloid plaques. Immunohistochemical analysis, using GFAP and n-Tyrosine indicated that the hyperforin derivative prevents the inflammatory astrocytic reaction and the oxidative damage triggered by high Abeta deposit levels. We conclude that the hyperforin derivative, IDN5706, has therapeutic potential for prevention and treatment of AD.
ChemInform Abstract: EINE GEFAEHRLICHE VERBINDUNG (1971)

Abstract Trockenes Benzoldiazonium‐2‐carboxylat‐hydrochlorid (I) ist trotz Einhaltung der für diese Verbindung erforderlichen Vorsichtsmaßnahmen explodiert, als eine mit Äther ausgewaschene Probe auf Wiegepapier umgefüllt wurde.
Management of chronic hepatitis B infection: Current treatment guidelines, challenges, and new developments (2014)

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection is a global public health problem, affecting more than 400 million people worldwide. The clinical spectrum is wide, ranging from a subclinical inactive carrier state, to progressive chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, complications of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related chronic liver disease may be reduced by viral suppression. Current international guidelines recommend first-line treatment of CHB infection with pegylated interferon, entecavir, or tenofovir, but the optimal treatment for an individual patient is controversial. The indications for treatment are contentious, and increasing evidence suggests that HBV genotyping, as well as serial on-treatment measurements of hepatitis B surface antigen and HBV DNA kinetics should be used to predict antiviral treatment response. The likelihood of achieving a sustained virological response is also increased by extending treatment duration, and using combination therapy. Hence the paradigm for treatment of CHB is constantly evolving. This article summarizes the different indications for treatment, and systematically reviews the evidence for the efficacy of various antiviral agents. It further discusses the shortcomings of current guidelines, use of rescue therapy in drug-resistant strains of HBV, and highlights the promising clinical trials for emerging therapies in the pipeline. This concise overview presents an updated practical approach to guide the clinical management of CHB.
Mutual entrainment of two nonlinear oscillators (1998)

We present an example of how two nonidentical oscillators can synchronize due to dynamical nonlinear interactions. This highlights a classic distinction with coupled linear oscillators, a difference which is important to the functioning of several systems in physics and biology. We illustrate the phenomenon using an electronic circuit appropriate for an advanced undergraduate physics lab.
Repellency of Novel Catnip Oils Against the Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) (2020)

The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L., resurged as an important urban pest in the last 20 yr. Yet, there are no commercial repellent products labeled for bed bugs available in the United States. We evaluated the repellency of two catnip oils from newly developed cultivars, CR3 and CR9, and compared each to 10 and 25% N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET). CR3 contains 63.4% E,Z-nepatalactone and 27.5% Z,E-nepatalactone, and CR9 contains 94.9% Z,E-nepatalactone. Arena studies showed that CR3 and CR9 oils were more effective than DEET within a 24-h period. At 10% concentration, both CR3 and CR9 oils exhibited a repellency of over 94% during the first 8 h. At 25% concentration, the repellency of CR3 and CR9 oils increased to 100%, and repellency of DEET was 92% during the first 24 h. Repellency of 25% CR3 and CR9 oils became lower than 25% DEET after being aged for 3 d. After 28-d aging, repellency of 25% CR3, CR9, and DEET reduced to 25, 64, and 92%, respectively. Soiled socks were placed above repellent treated bands to determine if the repellent can protect soiled socks from being infested. The 20% CR3 oil prevented 100% of bed bugs from infesting soiled socks showing that it was more effective than DEET. These results indicate that catnip oils from CR3 and CR9 cultivars are more repellent than DEET over a 24-h period following application, but their longevity is shorter than DEET after 72 h.
Synthesis of Unsaturated Polyester Resins from Various Bio-Derived Platform Molecules (2015)

Utilisation of bio-derived platform molecules in polymer synthesis has advantages which are, broadly, twofold; to digress from crude oil dependence of the polymer industry and secondly to reduce the environmental impact of the polymer synthesis through the inherent functionality of the bio-derived platform molecules. Bulk polymerisation of bio-derived unsaturated di-acids has been employed to produce unsaturated polyester (UPEs) which have been analysed by GPC, TGA, DSC and NMR spectroscopy, advancing on the analysis previously reported. UPEs from the diesters of itaconic, succinic, and fumaric acids were successfully synthesised with various diols and polyols to afford resins of MN 480-477,000 and Tg of -30.1 to -16.6 °C with solubilities differing based on starting monomers. This range of properties allows for many applications and importantly due to the surviving Michael acceptor moieties, solubility and cross-linking can be specifically tailored, post polymerisation, to the desired function. An improved synthesis of itaconate and succinate co-polymers, via the initial formation of an itaconate bis-diol, is also demonstrated for the first time, resulting in significantly improved itaconate incorporation.