gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Population structure of Spodoptera frugiperda maize and rice host forms in South America: are they host strains? (2014)

Abstract Determining which factors contribute to the formation and maintenance of genetic divergence to evaluate their relative importance as a cause of biological differentiation is among the major challenges in evolutionary biology. In S podoptera frugiperda ( S mith) ( L epidoptera: N octuidae) two host strains have been recognized in the 1980s: the corn‐strain prefers maize, sorghum, and cotton, whereas the rice‐strain prefers rice and wild grasses. However, it is not clear to what extent these so‐called ‘strains’, which have also been called ‘host races’ or even ‘sibling species’, are really associated with host plants. Due to the indeterminate evolutionary status, we will use the term ‘host forms’ (sensu F unk). Here, we characterized populations collected from maize, rice, and wild grasses from three countries in S outh A merica. Using two mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mt COI ) markers and 10 polymorphisms in the triose phosphate isomerase ( T pi ) gene, we found various patterns of host association. Two hundred twenty‐seven nuclear amplified fragment length polymorphisms ( AFLP s) markers revealed significant genetic differentiation among populations, which was generally correlated to the host from which the larvae were collected. Using a multivariate discriminant analysis and a Bayesian clustering approach, we found that individuals could be grouped into 2–5 genetically distinct clusters, depending on the method. Together, our results indicate that although host‐associated differentiation is present in this species, it does not account for all observable genetic variation and other factors must be maintaining genetic differentiation between these forms. Therefore, the term ‘host strains’ should be abandoned and ‘host forms’ should be used instead for S . frugiperda .
β-Tosylhydrazono Phosphonates in Organic Synthesis. An Unambiguous Entry to Polysubstituted Pyrazoles (1999)

β-Tosylhydrazono phosphonates are novel, bifunctional reagents which were used for a concise approach to a wide range of polysubstituted pyrazoles in a single operation from aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes.
A highly stretchable tactile distribution sensor for smooth surfaced humanoids (2007)

Stretchable tactile distribution sensors are significantly important in realizing natural and rich tactile interactions for next generation humanoids with soft and smooth surfaces. We have developed such a sensor which has no wiring in most of the sensing area and is based on inverse problem technique - EIT. At first, we show the ability of the sensor to detect novel and rich tactile interactions involving skin deformation such as pinching and rubbing. Furthermore, by using our newly developed conductive knitted fabric, we demonstrate how the sensor can be extremely useful for sensing pressure distributions as well as for covering complex 3D surfaces such as the face. Also, we show a successful implementation of the highly stretchable sensor over movable joints, the repeatability of the sensor value against joint movements and the detectability of external tactile stimuli for various joint angles are also demonstrated.
Crystal structures of two isomeric cyclotrisilanes (1985)

The X-ray crystal structures of two isomeric cyclotrisilanes, cis–cis-and cis–trans-1,2,3-tri-t-butyl-1,2,3-trimesitylcyclotrisilanes (1a) and (1b), respectively, have been determined; the structure of (1b) reveals that one Si–Si bond is significantly longer than the other two in agreement with the recently reported chelotropy of photo-cleavage of (1b) to give E-and Z-1,2-di-t-butyl-1,2-dimesityldisilenes (2a) and (2b), respectively.
Development of a Multi Camera System for Flap Gap Observation in Flight Test (2006)

A dedicated multi camera system was developed by DLR with the objective of flap gap observation within the EC funded project AWIATOR of the 5th frame work programme of the European Commission. Cameras mounted in the aircraft cabin of the Airbus A340 MSN1 were focused on targets on the spoiler trailing edge and on the flap. The special flight test requirements set the conditions, which the system had to fulfill. Hence a multi camera system was set up which can operate up to 4 cameras simultaneously all controlled by one&#13;\nPC. The hardware and software was designed for an automatic image acquisition procedure activated by a simple remote start button, which was placed on the test engineer’s desk. In the 1st Flight Test campaign each of the 4 cameras had its own field of view, which limited the possibilities of the evaluation and analysis of gap width changes. In the 2nd Flight Test&#13;\ncampaign the 4 cameras were used as two stereoscopic systems. The evaluation worked well in spite of the small angle between the optical axes of the stereo cameras of only 9°. The stereo set up enables the determination of the 3D position of the targets. With that information absolute distances between spoiler and flap have been measured. Additionally, the translation&#13;\nand rotation of the flap with respect to the spoiler due to different wing loads can be calculated easily. Also the hardware was improved for the 2nd flight test campaign by adapting the system for the usage of advanced cameras with a higher resolution and sensibility. The improvements of the hardware as well as the application of a stereo system enabled measurements of considerably improved quality.&#13;\n
Self-Knowledge in Paradise Lost: Conscience and Contemplation (1971)

ABSTRACT The relationship between self-knowledge and the knowledge of God is very carefully developed in Paradise Lost. Milton supports Calvin by treating the two forms of knowledge as wholly reliant on one another and as being forms of conscience and of contemplation. Satan's self-knowledge suffers in direct proportion to his dimming knowledge of God. The war in heaven can be seen as a result of the failure of both these knowledges. Eve's failure of self-knowledge in the pool scene compares with Adam's growth into knowledge. After he is created, he lifts his eyes to heaven for knowledge of who made him; Eve looks down at a liquid plain she thinks is the sky. Unlike Satan, who feels he is self-created, Adam, by knowing God and himself “aright,” knows he did not create himself. Eve's pausing at the pool can also be seen as part of a tradition, developed by the Cambridge Platonists, of the soul's contemplation of itself in search of divinity. Eve is entranced by herself because, as Sterry says, she is looking at a beatifical vision.
Abstract 11 (2014)

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK
Paracrine control of glucagon release by somatostatin (Review) (2013)

Emphasis was recently placed on the modulation of glucagon secretion attributable to a paracrine effect of somatostatin. This review draws attention to prior findings related to such a view. The effects of nutrient secretagogues upon insulin, somatostatin and glucagon release by the perfused pancreas are first considered. Three examples of paradoxical secretory responses of insulin- and glucagon-producing cells are then given. Further experiments dealing with the possible role of somatostatin upon glucagon release and the relevance of pancreatic compartmentation are also presented. It is concluded that these prior findings provide, within limits, support to the postulated paracrine role of somatostatin in the control of glucagon secretion.
Poly(lactic acid)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based microparticles: an overview (2019)

Poly(glycolic acid), poly(lactic acid) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) were approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the 1970s as materials for the manufacturing of bioresorbable surgical sutures, but soon became the reference materials for the preparation of sustained release formulations, especially injectable microparticles. Since the 1986 approval of Decapeptyl® SR, the first product based on PLGA microspheres, more than 15 such products have been approved for clinical use. This article highlights the key steps that brought to the development of injectable poly(lactic acid)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles for the sustained release of active pharmaceutical ingredients. After a brief history of some pioneering works that opened the field of controlled drug delivery, the key steps that led to the development of these polymers and the approval of the first microparticle-based medicinal products are reviewed. Finally, the general characteristics of these polymers are described and the classical preparation method is explained. Poly(lactic acid)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles are among the most successful drug delivery systems. The recent approval of new medicinal products based on PLGA microspheres is the proof that pharmaceutical companies have continued to exploit this drug delivery technology. The possible development of generics and the continuous discovery of therapeutic peptides will hopefully further the success of microsphere technology.
Experimental and numerical analysis of pinned-joints composite laminates: Effects of stacking sequences (2012)

The present study investigates the effect of stacking sequence on the failure loads (strength) and modes of pinned-joints glass-fiber reinforced epoxy composite laminates. Specimens with [0/90] 2S , [15/−75] 2S , [30/−60] 2S and [45/−45] 2S stacking sequences were investigated both experimentally and numerically. A series of ASTM tests were performed on unidirectional [8] 0 glass-fiber reinforced epoxy composite laminate to determine the properties of the single lamina that was needed for the finite element analysis. A 3D progressive damage model was built with the aid of ABAQUS software, failure criteria and property degradation rules to simulate the problem. The results showed that the [0/90] 2S laminate has the highest ultimate strength. The minimum bearing and ultimate strength was observed for [30/−60] 2S laminate. Loading the specimens up to the ultimate value lead to shear-out failure mode for [0/90] 2S , [15/−75] 2S and [30/−60] 2S stacking sequences, while specimens with [45/−45] 2S stacking sequence are characterized by bearing failure mode. The experimental and numerical results agree well with a maximum Euclidean error norm of 8.57%.
Programmed death ligand 1-positive immune cells in primary tumor or metastatic axillary lymph nodes can predict prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer even when present at < 1% in the tumor region (2023)

PD-L1+ , CD8+ or FOXP3+ immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) at both primary and metastatic sites are significant on prognosis, which could be a clue to expect the potential for better responses to the combination of chemotherapy and ICI, especially for patients with ALNM.
Supplementary Material 1 from RBMS1 Suppresses Colon Cancer Metastasis through Targeted Stabilization of Its mRNA Regulon (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The schematics of the data flow used for analysis&lt;/p&gt;
Prediction of the Phase Structure Evolution during Processing of Polymer Blends. Results and Problems (2016)

Summary The paper summarizes state of art in the description of the droplet breakup, coalescence, and competition between them in flowing immiscible polymer blends. It has been shown that, in contrast to the conditions for the start of droplet breakup, knowledge of the dependence of the droplet breakup frequency on system parameters is quite limited. It has been demonstrated that the switch between expressions for the matrix drainage between spherical and highly deformed droplets leads to a reasonable description of the flow induced coalescence. This method makes it possible to include the effect of the matrix elasticity into the calculation of the probability of coalescence. The analysis of the competition between the droplet breakup and coalescence leads to the conclusion that knowledge of the mechanism and frequency of the droplet breakup is essential for at least qualitative prediction of the droplet size dependence on system parameters. The article addresses main features of flowing polymer blends, not adequately reflected in available theories.
A Map of LTP-Related Synaptic Changes in Dorsal Hippocampus Following Unsupervised Learning (2014)

Recent work showed that unsupervised learning of a complex environment activates synaptic proteins essential for the stabilization of long-term potentiation (LTP). The present study used automated methods to construct maps of excitatory synapses associated with high concentrations of one of these LTP-related proteins [CaMKII phosphorylated at T286/287, (pCaMKII)]. Labeling patterns across 42 sampling zones covering entire cross sections through rostral hippocampus were assessed for two groups of rats that explored a novel two-room arena for 30 min, with or without a response contingency involving mildly aversive cues. The number of pCaMKII-immunopositive (+) synapses was highly correlated between the two groups for the 21 sampling zones covering the dentate gyrus, CA3c/hilus, and apical dendrites of field CA1, but not for the remainder of the cross section. The distribution of pCaMKII+ synapses in the large uncorrelated segment differed markedly between the groups. Subtracting home-cage values removed high scores (i.e., sampling zones with a high percentage of pCaMKII+ contacts) in the negative contingency group, but not in the free-exploration animals. Three sites in the latter had values that were markedly elevated above other fields. These mapping results suggest that encoding of a form of memory that is dependent upon rostral hippocampus reliably occurs at high levels in discrete anatomical zones, and that this regionally differentiated response is blocked when animals are inhibited from freely exploring the environment by the introduction of a mildly aversive stimulus.
A Case for Runtime-Assisted Global Cache Management (2016)

Dead blocks are handled inefficiently in the multi-level cache hierarchies of many-core architectures because the decision whether a block is dead has to be made locally at each level. This paper introduces runtime-assisted global cache management to quickly deem blocks dead at all levels. The scheme is based on a cooperative hardware/software approach that leverages dynamic information about future region accesses. We show that our proposed runtime-assisted global cache management approach outperforms previously proposed local dead-block management schemes.
Extracellular DNA facilitates the formation of functional amyloids in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms (2015)

Summary Persistent staphylococcal infections often involve surface‐associated communities called biofilms. S taphylococcus aureus biofilm development is mediated by the co‐ordinated production of the biofilm matrix, which can be composed of polysaccharides, extracellular DNA (e DNA ) and proteins including amyloid fibers. The nature of the interactions between matrix components, and how these interactions contribute to the formation of matrix, remain unclear. Here we show that the presence of e DNA in S . aureus biofilms promotes the formation of amyloid fibers. Conditions or mutants that do not generate e DNA result in lack of amyloids during biofilm growth despite the amyloidogeneic subunits, phenol soluble modulin peptides, being produced. In vitro studies revealed that the presence of DNA promotes amyloid formation by PSM peptides. Thus, this work exposes a previously unacknowledged interaction between biofilm matrix components that furthers our understanding of functional amyloid formation and S . aureus biofilm biology.
ice Discard (A-ESD) Sche anteed ATM Services (1997)

and Sequence [3]. Two of them have significant A novel cell dropping mechanism named Adaptive Early Slice Discard (Adaptive-ESD) scheme is proposed to minimize video quality degradation in situation of losses due to buffer overjlow. The mechanism runs at the video slice level and adaptively and selectively adjusts discard level to switch buffer occupancy and video cell payload types. To evaluate its pelformance, we have designed an Extended Priority Assignation Scheme (ExPAS) which permits the definition of up to three priority classes per virtual connection. In comparison with previous space priority techniques based on CLP mechanism, Adaptive-ESD associated with ExPAS shows better results in minimizing probability of reception of corrupted video slices, as well as a significant improve of the network effective throughput.
Glucose stimulated adipose tissue blood flow is reduced after high fat feeding despite diminished resistance artery vasoconstrictor reactivity (1072.9) (2014)

Fasted adipose tissue blood flow (ATBF) supplies energy via transport of stored free fatty acids, whereas after feeding ATBF increases to reduce circulating free fatty acids. Although high fat diet (HF; 40% Kcal fat) has been demonstrated to reduce endothelium dependent dilation in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) resistance arteries, the effect of HF on eWAT artery vasoconstrictor reactivity is unknown. Here, we examined basal and glucose stimulated (2 g/kg, ip, 15 min) ATBF using radiolabelled microspheres as well as vasoconstrictor responses in eWAT resistance arteries in young normal chow (NC: 14% Kcal fat) and HF fed male B6D2F1 mice. Basal ATBF (eWAT) was not different in HF (0.20 ± 0.1 v 0.08 ± 0.02 %Cardiac Output, p &gt; 0.05) compared to NC mice. Glucose stimulation increased ATBF 5‐fold in NC (p = 0.03) but this increase was blunted in HF mice (1.6‐fold, P=0.09). Although KCl‐induced eWAT vasoconstriction did not differ between diet groups, HF blunted maximal vasoconstriction to norepinephrine (26%), angiotensin‐II (35%), and endothelin‐1 (11%) compared with NC (All p &lt; 0.05). In the face of diminished endothelium dependent dilation and reduced nitric oxide, reductions in vasoconstrictor reactivity may preserve basal ATBF in HF mice. However, enhanced vasoconstriction does not play a role in the diminished hyperemic response to glucose in adipose tissue after HF.
The Impact of Antioxidant Addition on Flavor of Cheddar and Mozzarella Whey and Cheddar Whey Protein Concentrate (2010)

Lipid oxidation products are primary contributors to whey ingredient off-flavors. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of antioxidant addition in prevention of flavor deterioration of fluid whey and spray-dried whey protein. Cheddar and Mozzarella cheeses were manufactured in triplicate. Fresh whey was collected, pasteurized, and defatted by centrifugal separation. Subsequently, 0.05% (w/w) ascorbic acid or 0.5% (w/w) whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) were added to the pasteurized whey. A control with no antioxidant addition was also evaluated. Wheys were stored at 3 degrees C and evaluated after 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 d. In a subsequent experiment, selected treatments were then incorporated into liquid Cheddar whey and processed into whey protein concentrate (WPC). Whey and WPC flavors were documented by descriptive sensory analysis, and volatile components were evaluated by solid phase micro-extraction with gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Cardboard flavors increased in fluid wheys with storage. Liquid wheys with ascorbic acid or WPH had lower cardboard flavor across storage compared to control whey. Lipid oxidation products, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, and nonanal increased in liquid whey during storage, but liquid whey with added ascorbic acid or WPH had lower concentrations of these products compared to untreated controls. Mozzarella liquid whey had lower flavor intensities than Cheddar whey initially and after refrigerated storage. WPC with added ascorbic acid or WPH had lower cardboard flavor and lower concentrations of pentanal, heptanal, and nonanal compared to control WPC. These results suggest that addition of an antioxidant to liquid whey prior to further processing may be beneficial to flavor of spray-dried whey protein. Practical Application: Lipid oxidation products are primary contributors to whey ingredient off-flavors. Flavor plays a critical and limiting role in widespread use of dried whey ingredients, and enhanced understanding of flavor and flavor formation as well as methods to control or minimize flavor formation during processing are industrially relevant. The results from this study suggest that addition of an antioxidant to liquid whey prior to further processing may be beneficial to minimize flavor of spray-dried whey protein.
Image Edge Detection based on Swarm Intelligence using Memristive\n Networks (2016)

Recent advancements in the development of memristive devices has opened new\nopportunities for hardware implementation of non-Boolean computing. To this\nend, the suitability of memristive devices for swarm intelligence algorithms\nhas enabled researchers to solve a maze in hardware. In this paper, we utilize\nswarm intelligence of memristive networks to perform image edge detection.\nFirst, we propose a hardware-friendly algorithm for image edge detection based\non ant colony. Second, we implement the image edge detection algorithm using\nmemristive networks. Furthermore, we explain the impact of various parameters\nof the memristors on the efficacy of the implementation. Our results show 28%\nimprovement in the energy compared to a low power CMOS hardware implementation\nbased on stochastic circuits. Furthermore, our design occupies up to 5x less\narea.\n
Eine neue Generation von Rutheniumkatalysatoren für die Olefinmetathese (1998)

Die unterschiedliche Natur von Carbenliganden ist eindrucksvoll bewiesen durch die ersten auf Ruthenium basierenden Komplexe 1, die sowohl über Alkyliden- als auch über N-Heterocyclen-Carbeneinheiten verfügen. Letztere haben ein ausgeprägtes Säure-Base-Verhalten. Darüber hinaus ist es gerade dieser Unterschied, der die Grundlage für die hohen Katalyseaktivitäten dieser Verbindungen bei der Olefinmetathese bildet.
Selective Inhibition of the Oxidation of Ferrous Iron or Sulfur in Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (2000)

ABSTRACT The oxidation of either ferrous iron or sulfur by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was selectively inhibited or controlled by various anions, inhibitors, and osmotic pressure. Iron oxidation was more sensitive than sulfur oxidation to inhibition by chloride, phosphate, and nitrate at low concentrations (below 0.1 M) and also to inhibition by azide and cyanide. Sulfur oxidation was more sensitive than iron oxidation to the inhibitory effect of high osmotic pressure. These differences were evident not only between iron oxidation by iron-grown cells and sulfur oxidation by sulfur-grown cells but also between the iron and sulfur oxidation activities of the same iron-grown cells. Growth experiments with ferrous iron or sulfur as an oxidizable substrate confirmed the higher sensitivity of iron oxidation to inhibition by phosphate, chloride, azide, and cyanide. Sulfur oxidation was actually stimulated by 50 mM phosphate or chloride. Leaching of Fe and Zn from pyrite (FeS 2 ) and sphalerite (ZnS) by T. ferrooxidans was differentially affected by phosphate and chloride, which inhibited the solubilization of Fe without significantly affecting the solubilization of Zn.