gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Developmental Physiology of Rabbiteye Blueberry (1992)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Vegetative Growth Following Fruit Harvest Flower Bud Initiation Dormancy Anthesis Fruit Development and Ripening Model Integration Literature Cited
CHARGED PARTICLE MULTIPLICITY DISTRIBUTIONS FROM p+p TO Au+Au COLLISIONS AT RHIC (2006)

The distributions of charged particles from heavy ion collisions have been measured by the PHOBOS collaboration. Results from Au+Au collisions at various energies and over a broad range of centrality are presented and discussed. This data are compared to p+p, d+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at the corresponding energy and centrality.
Efficient Monte-Carlo simulation of a product-form model for a cellular system with dynamic resource sharing (1995)

There are many ways for users to share the radio spectrum allocated to a cell in a cellular phone system. We analyze a commonly proposed scheme wh ere the cell is divided into s sectors. Each sector has exclusive access to a certain number of channels. The remaining channels reside in a “common pool” and are shared among the sectors. The smallest unit of bandwidth that can be borrowed from the common pool is a “carrier,” which consists of c channels. When viewed as a multidimensional birth-death process, the steady-state distribution of the number of active channels in each sector has a “product form,” but because the state space is large and has a nonlinear boundary, direct calculation of quantities of interest is usually impractical. Ross and Wang have developed a Monte-Carlo technique that applies to our problem. We significantly improve the efficiency of their technique when applied to our problem by including certain (nonlinear) control variates. The kinds of control variates we use can be applied to other loss systems as well. We also explore the effect of importance sampling for our system. In many cases the variance reduction achieved from the combination of importance sampling and control variates is far greater than from either method alone. For systems with blocking probabilities in the range 0.001 to 0.1, the variance of the system-blocking probability estimator can be reduced by several orders of magnitude.
Can digital rights management be standardized? (2004)

With increasing use of the Internet as a content-distribution platform, mere interoperability of the codec is no longer sufficient if content owners are not prepared to distribute their content online for fear of piracy. Therefore, one also needs interoperability in the area of managing and protecting related intellectual property rights. To provide interoperability of digital rights management (DRM) systems to protect the content rather than the distribution channel, MPEG has embarked on developing intellectual property management and protection (IPMP) specifications targeted at the content itself that are natively built into its standards. It is the hope that such standards will allow for interoperability of content commerce systems, giving consumers more choice, while providing rights holders with the tools to effectively protect their assets and to develop complex and attractive business offering to tempt consumers. While it remains uncertain whether standardization is in fact the right vehicle to provide the e-content market with an impetus to grow, it appears that MPEG is working on a set of specifications with relatively good chances of helping to achieve this goal.
<title>Read-Write-Erasable Thin Film Optical Recording Medium</title> (1980)

The optical recording characteristics of a silver halide thin film structure were investigated with respect to its possible use as a read-write-erasable medium. Tracks of ~1&mu;m spots were recorded using a polarized He-Ne as the writing source. The recorded tracks were viewed with a GaAs laser between crossed polarizers; the writing energy density was determined to be ~0.2 joules/cm2 in the transmission mode. Erasure was also demonstrated by re-exposing a portion of the recorded tracks with the defocused write laser with its polarization rotates by 45° from the original write polarization direction.
All-Cause Mortality Long-Term Impact of Drug-Eluting Stents Versus Bare-Metal Stents on (2011)

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2008.06.030 J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008;52;1041-1048 Stephen G. Ellis Kelly, Russell E. Raymond, John M. Galla, Sorin J. Brener, Patrick L. Whitlow, andMehdi H. Shishehbor, Sachin S. Goel, Samir R. Kapadia, Deepak L. Bhatt, PeterAll-Cause Mortality Long-Term Impact of Drug-Eluting Stents Versus Bare-Metal Stents onThis information is current as of May 10, 2011 http://content.onlinejacc.org/cgi/content/full/52/13/1041 located on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, isDownloaded from content.onlinejacc.org
The implementation of dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) based on DSP (2012)

In this paper, according to the voltage sag problem with phase angle jump, the principle of the dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is analyzed. Based on the fundamental component of steady-state equivalent circuit, the phase diagram with voltage fluctuations and phase angle jump is shown. According to instantaneous reactive power and the low-pass filter theory, the phase jump angle and initial phase of the source fundamental voltage are given. And with the optimum voltage injection angle based on minimum energy compensation, the voltage target function which gives the appropriate compensation output voltage of DVR is determined. The simulation process and results are also given. A prototype using digital signal processing (DSP) as the master control chip is designed and the software development process is given. Finally, the experimental results are provided to verify the rationality of the optimal voltage injection angle of series compensation based on the minimum energy control strategy.
Uniform Lying Helix Alignment on Periodic Surface Relief Structure Generated via Laser Scanning Lithography (2011)

The main drawback in the exploitation of the chiral-flexo-electro-optic effect is that it relies on a texture, the Uniform Lying Helix (ULH), which is unstable when the cholesteric is sandwiched between spatially uniform aligning surfaces (UASs). It has been shown that the ULH can be promoted by periodic (horizontal/vertical) anchoring conditions or by the presence of periodic polymeric walls. Here we show that periodic surface relief structures can also promote the formation of a stable ULH texture. The surface relief structure was created by curing an ultraviolet curable material via a two-photon excitation laser-lithography process. The process allows sub-micron resolution and flexibility in creating the topographic relief.
Quantitative measurement of regional cerebral blood flow with flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery imaging: comparison with [iodine 123]-iodoamphetamin single photon emission CT. (2002)

The significant correlation, high specificity and accuracy in detecting hypoperfused segments, similar increases in flow on both post-acetazolamide images, and absence of the need for contrast enhancement suggest that FAIR imaging, like nuclear medicine study, is complementary to routine MR imaging in the assessment of cerebral perfusion.
Reconstructing a puzzle: existence of cyanophages containing both photosystem‐I and photosystem‐II gene suites inferred from oceanic metagenomic datasets (2010)

Cyanobacteria play a key role in marine photosynthesis, which contributes to the global carbon cycle and to the world oxygen supply. Genes encoding the photosystem-II (PSII) reaction centre are found in many cyanophage genomes, and it was suggested that the horizontal transfer of these genes might be involved in increasing phage fitness. Recently, evidence for the existence of phages carrying Photosystem-I (PSI) genes was also reported. Here, using a combination of different marine metagenomic datasets and a unique crossing of the datasets, we now describe the finding of phages that, as in plants and cyanobacteria, contain both PSII and PSI genes. In addition, these phages also contain NADH dehydrogenase genes. The presence of modified PSII and PSI genes in the same viral entities in combination with electron transfer proteins like NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH-1) strongly points to a role in perturbation of the cyanobacterial host photosynthetic electron flow. We therefore suggest that, depending on the physiological condition of the infected cyanobacterial host, the viruses may use different options to maximize survival. The modified PSI may alternate between functioning with PSII in linear electron transfer and contributing to the production of both NADPH and ATP or functioning independently of PSII in cyclic mode via the NDH-1 complex and thus producing only ATP.
Two-step synthesis of a-NiCu(OH)2CO3/Na3NiCuCO3PO4: a battery-type electrode for pseudocapacitor applications (2023)

Here, we report two-step synthesis of amorphous nickel–copper carbonate hydroxide on nickel–copper carbonophosphate (a-NiCu(OH) 2 CO 3 /Na 3 NiCuCO 3 PO 4 ) using the alkaline (1 M KOH) etching of hydrothermally prepared Na 3 NiCuCO 3 PO 4 at room temperature.
Erratum: The PTPN22 R263Q polymorphism is a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis in Caucasian case-control samples (2011)

In the article by Rodríguez-Rodríguez et al in the February 2011 issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism (pages 365–372), the affiliation information for one of the authors, Prof. Paul Wordsworth, was incorrect. Prof. Wordsworth's affiliation should have been listed as NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit and Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK.
Deletion of flavoredoxin gene in Desulfovibrio gigas reveals its participation in thiosulfate reduction (2005)

The gene encoding Desulfovibrio gigas flavoredoxin was deleted to elucidate its physiological role in the sulfate metabolism. Disruption of flr gene strongly inhibited the reduction of thiosulfate and exhibited a reduced growth in the presence of sulfite with lactate as electron donor. The growth with sulfate was not however affected by the lack of this protein. Additionally, flr mutant cells revealed a decrease of about 50% in the H2 consumption rate using thiosulfate as electron acceptor. Altogether, our results show in vivo that during sulfite respiration, trithionate and thiosulfate are produced and that flavoredoxin is specific for thiosulfate reduction.
Prevention of lymphocyte cell death in sepsis improves survival in mice (1999)

Sepsis induces extensive lymphocyte apoptosis, a process which may be beneficial to host survival by down-regulating the inflammatory response or, alternatively, harmful by impairing host defenses. To determine the beneficial vs. adverse effects of lymphocyte apoptosis in sepsis, we blocked lymphocyte apoptosis either by N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp(O-methyl) fluoromethyl ketone (z-VAD), a broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor, or by use of Bcl-2 Ig transgenic mice that selectively overexpress the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 in a lymphoid pattern. Both z-VAD and Bcl-2 prevented lymphocyte apoptosis and resulted in a marked improvement in survival. z-VAD did not decrease lymphocyte tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. Considered together, these two studies employing different methods of blocking lymphocyte apoptosis provide compelling evidence that immunodepression resulting from the loss of lymphocytes is a central pathogenic event in sepsis, and they challenge the current paradigm that regards sepsis as a disorder resulting from an uncontrolled inflammatory response. Caspase inhibitors may represent a treatment strategy in this highly lethal disorder.
Design Optimization of an Electric Machine for a 48-V Hybrid Vehicle With Comparison of Rotor Technologies and Pole-Slot Combinations (2020)

Through analytical equations followed by a systematic optimization study using high-fidelity finite-element (FE) models, the torque capability of three common synchronous machine technologies-namely, a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machine (PMSM) with V-shaped rare-earth rotor magnets, a PMSM with deep V-shaped ferrite rotor magnets, and a synchronous reluctance machine (SynRM) with four layers of conforming flux barriers are compared for an application in a 48-V mild hybrid electric car. The optimization of the deep V-shaped ferrite PMSM automatically resulted in a spoke-type PM layout for maximum torque production. Yet, an optimized SynRM with conforming flux barriers was achieved that could produce a higher torque than ferrite PMSM. One machine technology is selected and six variants of it, with two rotor PM layouts each with three alternative pole-slot combinations, are subsequently subjected to a large-scale FE model-based drive-cycle design optimization. Various pole-slot combinations are methodically compared in terms of drive-cycle losses, active material cost, torque ripple, and PM demagnetization level. More than 20 000 designs were analyzed over ten energy-centric torque-speed points to identify an optimal design solution. The results of multiphysics analysis incorporating electromagnetics, computational fluid dynamics, and structural analyses are provided, including a study on three different water jacket concepts. A final design is prototyped and primary experimental results are provided.
Dust in the Wind: Challenges for Urban Aerodynamics (2005)

The fluid dynamics of airflow through a city controls the transport and dispersion of airborne contaminants. This is
urban aerodynamics, not meteorology. The average flow, large-scale fluctuations and turbulence are closely coupled to
the building geometry. Buildings create large rooster-tail wakes; there are systematic fountain flows up the backs of
tall buildings; and dust in the wind can move perpendicular to or even against the locally prevailing wind. Requirements
for better prediction accuracy demand time-dependent, three-dimensional CFD computations that include solar heating
and buoyancy, complete landscape and building geometry specification including foliage and, realistic wind fluctuations.
This fundamental prediction capability is necessary to assess urban visibility and line-of-sight sensor performance in
street canyons and rugged terrain.
Computing urban aerodynamics accurately is clearly a time-dependent High Performance Computing (HPC) problem. In
an emergency, on the other hand, prediction technology to assess crisis information, sensor performance, and obscured
line-of-sight propagation in the face of industrial spills, transportation accidents, or terrorist attacks has very tight time
requirements that suggest simple approximations which tend to produce inaccurate results. In the past we have had to
choose one or the other: a fast, inaccurate model or a slow accurate model. Using new fluid-dynamic principles, an
urban-oriented emergency assessment system called CT-Analyst® was invented that solves this dilemma. It produces
HPC-quality results for airborne contaminant scenarios nearly instantly and has unique new capabilities suited to sensor
optimization. This presentation treats the design and use of CT-Analyst and discusses the developments needed for
widespread use with advanced sensor and communication systems.
AtCCMA Interacts with AtCcmB to Form a Novel Mitochondrial ABC Transporter Involved in Cytochrome c Maturation in Arabidopsis (2007)

ABC transporters make a large and diverse family of proteins found in all phylae. AtCCMA is the nucleotide binding domain of a novel Arabidopsis mitochondrial ABC transporter. It is encoded in the nucleus and imported into mitochondria. Sub-organellar and topology studies find AtCCMA bound to the mitochondrial inner membrane, facing the matrix. AtCCMA exhibits an ATPase activity, and ATP/Mg(2+) can facilitate its dissociation from membranes. Blue Native PAGE shows that it is part of a 480-kDa complex. Yeast two-hybrid assays reveal interactions between AtCCMA and domains of CcmB, the mitochondria-encoded transmembrane protein of a conserved ABC transporter. All these properties designate the protein as the ortholog in plant mitochondria of the bacterial CcmA required for cytochrome c maturation. The transporter that involves AtCCMA defines a new category of eukaryotic ABC proteins because its transmembrane and nucleotide binding domains are encoded by separate genomes.
A HEURISTIC REPLACEMENT SCHEDULING APPROACH FOR MULTI-UNIT SYSTEMS WITH ECONOMIC DEPENDENCY (1996)

For a multi-unit system with economic dependency, it is difficult to develop an effective joint replacement schedule due to the stochastic complexity of the system failure-repair process. As a result, restrictions have often been introduced in the maintenance policy specification and decision problem formulation. In some cases, these restrictions have resulted in a reduction in the optimality or effectiveness of the proposed schedule. In this paper, we propose a general opportunistic maintenance policy for multi-unit systems with economic dependency. Two cost boundary conditions are developed in order to evaluate the potential cost savings achieved by implementing the opportunistic maintenance policy. A heuristic approach based on the application of the single-unit model is presented for developing the opportunistic maintenance schedule via an example problem. The effectiveness of the resulting schedule is demonstrated through simulation experiments.
In-stent restenosis is associated with proliferative skin healing and specific immune and endothelial cell profiles: results from the RACHEL trial (2023)

ISR is linked to excessive skin healing and profound alterations in cellular populations related to vascular repair and endothelial damage. Distinct cellular profiles can be distinguished within ISR, suggesting that different alterations may uncover different ISR clinical phenotypes.
Nonlinear System Identification Using a Subband Adaptive Volterra Filter (2008)

This paper proposes a flexible and efficient subband adaptive second order Volterra filter structure for nonlinear system identification. Acoustic echo cancellation is an application of system identification that is critical in hands-free telephony, for which a linear model is usually assumed. However, echo cancellation is limited by inherent system nonlinearities, of which loudspeaker distortion is one of the main sources. Experimental results, obtained in an office room environment, show that the proposed structure was able to model the nonlinear room transfer function more accurately than a linear only model by up to 10 dB lower mean square error, at a comparable computational complexity.
ChemInform Abstract: DILONGIFOLYLBORANE: A NEW EFFECTIVE CHIRAL HYDROBORATING AGENT WITH INTERMEDIATE STERIC REQUIREMENTS (1981)

Abstract Optisch aktives α‐Pinen (I) liefert ein Boran (II), das 2‐Methyl‐2‐buten (III) durch Hydroborierung und nachfolgende oxidative Aufarbeitung in hoher Ausbeute in das optisch aktive Carbinol (IV) überführt.
NASA's Hall Thruster Program 2002 (2002)

The NASA Hall thruster program currently supports a number of tasks related to high power thruster development for a number of customers including the Energetics Program (formerly called the Space-based Program), the Space Solar Power Program, and the In-space Propulsion Program. In program year 2002, two tasks were central to the NASA Hall thruster program: 1) the development of a laboratory Hall thruster capable of providing high thrust at high power-, and 2) investigations into operation of Hall thrusters at high specific impulse. In addition to these two primary thruster development activities, there are a number of other on-going activities supported by the NASA Hall thruster program. These additional activities are related to issues such as high-power power processor architecture, thruster lifetime, and spacecraft integration.
Applications for biotechnology: present and future improvements in lactic acid bacteria (1990)

The lactic acid bacteria are involved in the manufacture of fermented foods from raw agricultural materials such as milk, meat, vegetables, and cereals. These fermented foods are a significant part of the food processing industry and are often prepared using selected strains that have the ability to produce desired products or changes efficiently. The application of genetic engineering technology to improve existing strains or develop novel strains for these fermentations is an active research area world-wide. As knowledge about the genetics and physiology of lactic acid bacteria accumulates, it becomes possible to genetically construct strains with characteristics shaped for specific purposes. Examples of present and future applications of biotechnology to lactic acid bacteria to improve product quality are described. Studies of the basic biology of these bacteria are being actively conducted and must be continued, in order for the food fermentation industry to reap the benefits of biotechnology.
How applicable is the general adaptation syndrome to the unicellular Tetrahymena? (2008)

Hormone receptors, hormones and signal transduction pathways characteristic of higher vertebrates can be observed also in the unicellular Tetrahymena. Previous work showed that stress conditions (starvation, high temperature, high salt concentration, formaldehyde or alcohol treatment) elevated the intracellular level of four hormones (ACTH, endorphin, serotonin and T(3)). Here, the effect of other stressors (CuSO4 poisoning, tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) treatment) on the same and other hormones (epinephrine, insulin, histamine) was studied, using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometric analysis. It was found, that each effect increased the intracellular hormone contents, but some hormones (histamine, T(3)) were less reactive. Insulin--which is a life-saving factor for Tetrahymena--itself provoked elevation of hormone amounts in association with a stressor, further increased the level of hormones. It was concluded that the ancestor of Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) can be found already at unicellular level, and this possibly has a life saving function.
Effect of UV/Ozone Treatment on Nanogap Electrodes for Molecular Devices (2007)

We report the effect of UV/ozone treatment on nanogap electrodes for molecular devices. Gold nanogap electrodes with a nominal gap of 1–2 nm were fabricated by double oblique deposition and the break-junction technique. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 4,4'-p-terphenyldithiol (TPDT) were formed on the surfaces of the nanogap electrodes, and the electronic properties of these electrodes were measured. The device characteristics were also measured after repeated UV/ozone treatment and SAM re-formation. Although the resistance of the nanogap electrodes increased with the number of UV/ozone treatments, they could subsequently be used for molecular devices. We also observed Coulomb-diamond (CD) structures in the conductance contour plot with respect to the drain and gate voltages even after UV/ozone treatment. Some of the CDs observed after the treatment were aperiodic, presumably reflecting the discrete energy levels in TPDT.