gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supporting visual exploration for multiple users in large display environments (2016)

We present a design space exploration of interaction techniques for supporting multiple collaborators exploring data on a shared large display. Our proposed solution is based on users controlling individual lenses using both explicit gestures as well as proxemics: the spatial relations between people and physical artifacts such as their distance, orientation, and movement. We discuss different design considerations for implicit and explicit interactions through the lens, and evaluate the user experience to find a balance between the implicit and explicit interaction styles. Our findings indicate that users favor implicit interaction through proxemics for navigation and collaboration, but prefer using explicit mid-air gestures to perform actions that are perceived to be direct, such as terminating a lens composition. Based on these results, we propose a hybrid technique utilizing both proxemics and mid-air gestures, along with examples applying this technique to other datasets. Finally, we performed a usability evaluation of the hybrid technique and observed user performance improvements in the presence of both implicit and explicit interaction styles.
Triad-NVM: Persistent-Security for Integrity-Protected and Encrypted Non-Volatile Memories (NVMs) (2018)

Emerging Non-Volatile Memories (NVMs) are promising contenders for building future memory systems. On the other side, unlike DRAM systems, NVMs can retain data even after power loss and thus enlarge the attack surface. While data encryption and integrity verification have been proposed earlier for DRAM systems, protecting and recovering secure memories becomes more challenging with persistent memory. Specifically, security metadata, e.g., encryption counters and Merkle Tree data, should be securely persisted and recovered across system reboots and during recovery from crashes. Not persisting updates to security metadata can lead to data inconsistency, in addition to serious security vulnerabilities. In this paper, we pioneer a new direction that explores persistency of both Merkle Tree and encryption counters to enable secure recovery of data-verifiable and encrypted memory systems. To this end, we coin a new concept that we call Persistent-Security. We discuss the requirements for such persistently secure systems, propose novel optimizations, and evaluate the impact of the proposed relaxation schemes and optimizations on performance, resilience and recovery time. To the best of our knowledge, our paper is the first to discuss the persistence of security metadata in integrity-protected NVM systems and provide corresponding optimizations. We define a set of relaxation schemes that bring trade-offs between performance and recovery time for large capacity NVM systems. Our results show that our proposed design, Triad-NVM, can improve the throughput by an average of ~2x (relative to strict persistence). Moreover, Triad-NVM maintains a recovery time of less than 4 seconds for an 8TB NVM system (30.6 seconds for 64TB), which is ~3648x faster than a system without security metadata persistence.
Production of mustard protein isolates from oriental mustard seed (Brassica juncea L.) (2006)

Abstract A membrane‐based process to produce protein isolates from seeds of oriental mustard ( Brassica juncea ) was developed by modifying a method originally developed for rapeseed. The optimized process consisted of extraction at pH 11, ultrafiltration with concentration factor 4, diafiltration with diavolume 3, and precipitation at pH 5. The process, based on defatted oriental mustard seed containing 45–50% protein, recovered 81% of the protein in useful products: 47.3% in precipitated protein isolate (PPI), 3.8% in soluble protein isolate (SPI), and 13% in meal residue. Mass yields were 21.9% in PPI, 2.8% in SPI, and 38.4% in meal residue. The losses in the system included ∼10% loss of nonprotein nitrogen, and &lt;9% into permeate and transfer losses. The PPI compared favorably with soy protein isolate in typical meat products in terms of color, texture, and flavor. The work confirms that oriental mustard is a potentially useful source of edible protein.
Wave Propagation in Pre-stressed Elastic Media (2014)

A new computational model is proposed for propagation of low-amplitude seismic waves through a pre-stressed anisotropic medium. The model provides clues to kinematics and dynamics of these waves forming under the effect of initial stress. The governing differential equations are formulated in terms of velocity, stress tensor and small rotation of an element of the medium. The equations are solved numerically by means of the rotated staggered-grid method, and the approach is tested in numerical examples.
Scattering matrix elements of fractal-like soot agglomerates (1997)

The possibility of measuring scattering-matrix (Mueller matrix) elements of soot agglomerates with laser diagnostic techniques is explored. To show this, we calculated the scattering-matrix elements of arbitrary-shaped soot agglomerates. The sensitivity of scattering-matrix elements to optical and morphological characteristics of fractal-like soot agglomerates is discussed. Finally, possible measurement techniques are suggested to identify soot structures from scattering-matrix elements.
Paclitaxel (PTX) beschichtete Stents zur Therapie der In-Stent Restenose (2010)

Ziele: Durch die zunehmende endovaskuläre Therapie von femoropoplitealen Läsionen werden auch vermehrt Stents eingesetzt. Die Therapie der in-stent Restenose ist allerdings ein ungelöstes Problem. Methode: Im Rahmen der mulizentrischen Europäischen Zilver PTX Studie wurden 718 Patienten mit Zilver PTX Stents versorgt. 553 Patienten hatten eine de-novo Läsion, 69 Patienten Restenosen ohne Stent und 110 Patienten in-stent Restenosen. Ergebnis: Die therapierte Läsionslänge mit Läsionen &gt;15cm war bei den Patienten mit in-stent Restenose mit 32% größer als in den de-novo Läsionen (20%). Nach 12 Monaten gab es zwischen den einzelnen Gruppen in Bezug auf den ABI, und den „walking impairment questionaire“ keine Unterschiede. Trotz zusätzlicher Implantation eines drug eluting stents in einen zuvor restenosierten Stent war die Frakturrate mit 1,1% sehr niedrig (Frakturrate de-novo Läsionen und Restenosen 1,8%). Das 12-Monats „event free survival“ (definiert als nicht-Auftreten von Tod, Amputation, Revaskularisation oder Verschlechterung des klinischen Zustands nach Rutherford) betrug in der de-novo Gruppe 91% und bei den Patienten mit Restenosen ohne Stent bzw. in-stent Restenosen 75% bzw. 73%. Schlussfolgerung: Die Therapie von in-Stent Restenosen mit Zilver PTX beschichteten Stents scheint akzeptable Offenheitsraten zu ergeben. Im nächsten Schritt sollten andere Therapieoptionen wie die alleinige PTA oder auch die Artherektomie mit den Zilver PTX Stents bei in-stent Restenose verglichen werden.
Analysis of the effects of overexpression of metallothionein-I in transgenic mice on the reproductive toxicology of cadmium. (1996)

Exposure to low levels of cadmium reduces fertility. In male mice spermatogenesis is highly sensitive to cadmium, whereas in females the peri-implantation period of pregnancy is sensitive. To examine the potential roles of the cadmium-binding protein, metallothionein (MT), in the reproductive toxicology of cadmium, we examined a transgenic mouse strain that overexpresses metallothionein-I (MT-I). These mice had dramatically increased steady-state levels of MT-I mRNA and MT in the testes and in the female reproductive tract during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy, and this overexpression occurred in a cell-specific and temporally regulated manner similar to that of the endogenous MT-I gene. Transgenic and control males were injected with cadmium, and the histology of the testes was examined. An injection of 7.5 mumol Cd/kg had no effect on histology of the testes in either transgenic or control mice. In contrast, an injection of 10 mumol Cd/kg caused rapid changes in the histology of the testes and resulted in pronounced testicular necrosis in both control and transgenic mice. Female transgenic and control mice were mated and then injected with cadmium (30-45 mumol Cd/kg) on the day of blastocyst implantation (day 4). In both of these groups, injection of cadmium reduced pregnancy rate, and no dramatic protection was afforded by maternal and/or embryonic overexpression of MT. Thus, overexpression of MT-I does not significantly protect against either of these cadmium-induced effects on fertility.
Optically Induced High Efficiency Gratings in Azo Polymer Films (1994)

Going beyond the usual orientation of azobenzene groups within amorphous polymers, an increased amount of incident light may produce physical gratings of the order of magnitude of the wavelength. The diffraction efficiency of such gratings can reach 28% or even more. The surface profile of the grating can be observed with an atomic force microscope. Such gratings can be used to couple beams optically into the film and out of the film, as well as for waveguides. Diffraction gratings, Efficiency, Azo polymers.
Computational design of efficient grating couplers using artificial intelligence (2019)

Abstract We examined the applicability of neural networks (NNs) and the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES) for designing high-efficiency grating couplers on a Si-on-insulator (SOI) photonics platform operating at a wavelength of 1550 nm. We trained a NN to predict the wavelength dependences of coupling efficiency instead of using the finite-difference time-domain method, which enabled us to calculate analytically the gradient of coupling efficiency with respect to the design parameters. As a result, we found that a gradient-based method can be applied to find a more optimal design from an apodized grating coupler. In contrast, the CMA-ES, which is one of the most efficient evolutionary strategies, enabled us to explore a large design-parameter space efficiently without any constraint in an initial design of a grating coupler. As a result, we successfully obtained the optimal design from a uniform grating coupler. The optimized grating coupler exhibited a coupling efficiency of 74.7% when the thickness of the Si layer is 220 nm. The CMA-ES also enabled us to optimize the thickness of the Si gratings simultaneously. Through the optimization, we achieved a coupling efficiency of 92.1% when the Si thickness is 293 nm.
Magnetic Actuator Assists in Guiding a Colonoscope. (2003)

A magnetic actuator for colonoscope navigation was fabricated. We then examined a motion test using the intestine of a pig. The actuator was composed of a tubular permanent magnet and a spiral structure made of rubber. The magnet was magnetized in the direction of its diameter. The actuator was attached to the end of a simulated endoscope. When a rotational magnetic field is applied, the actuator rotates and moves in the intestine tube. The magnetic actuator can trail two flexible silicone tubes in the small and large intestines of a pig without changing the shape of the intestines. This result suggests that the actuator has great potential for colonoscope navigation.
Figure S3 from JMJD6 Shapes a Pro-tumor Microenvironment via ANXA1-Dependent Macrophage Polarization in Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Effect of Jmjd6 silencing in PyMT41C-cells. A) Real-Time PCR showing the levels of Jmjd6 in PyMT-41C cells transfected with non-targeting siRNA (siCtr) or specific for Jmjd6. Graph is the average of two independent experiments. Two-tailed unpaired t student test was applied to calculate statistical significance. B) Western blot performed on conditioned medium collected from PyMT-41C transfected as in A). Red Ponceau is shown as loading control. C) IF to detect ANXA1 levels and D) lipid droplet formation in cell transfected as in A).&lt;/p&gt;
Irreversible Effects in Magnetorheological Fluids (2011)

The effect of residual structure on properties of MR fluids, based on CI particles, was investigated using a magneto-sweep technique and initial magnetic susceptibility measurements. The shear rate, particle size, and the CI surface properties were among the experimental variables. A mechanical hysteresis, associated with the irreversible residual structure formation, was observed via measurements of both shear stress and first normal stress difference. The hysteresis was most pronounced at the creeping flow as compared to high shear conditions. Regardless of experimental settings, the level of the hysteresis was the same at high shear rate, while the fluids containing larger particles and higher CI concentrations demonstrated stronger residual effect at slow flow. The hysteresis loop was slightly wider for the silica-treated particles suggesting that chemical (non-magnetic) interaction might contribute to the fluid irreversible behavior. Existence of some residual structure has been also shown in measurements of initial magnetic susceptibility of MR fluids. After exposure to a sequence of DC magnetic fields, fluids exhibited higher susceptibility presumably caused by the formation of residual structures of larger size than those in the initial state.
American Policy in the Far East (1940)

American Policy in the Far East Get access * American Policy in the Far East. By Bisson T. A.. (I.P.R. Inquiry Series.) 1940. (New York : Institute of Pacific Relations. London: Allen & Unwin. 8vo. xii + 162 pp. $1.25; 6s.) Green O. M. Green O. M. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs Review Supplement, Volume 19, Issue 2, October 1940, Pages 148–149, https://doi.org/10.2307/3025700 Published: 01 October 1940
Design Method of Digital Optimal Control Scheme and Multiple Paralleled Bridge Type Current Amplifier for Generating Gradient Magnetic Fields in MRI Systems (2003)

This paper deals with a digital control scheme of multiple paralleled high frequency switching current amplifier with four-quadrant chopper for generating gradient magnetic fields in MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) systems. In order to track high precise current pattern in Gradient Coils (GC), the proposal current amplifier cancels the switching current ripples in GC with each other and designed optimum switching gate pulse patterns without influences of the large filter current ripple amplitude. The optimal control implementation and the linear control theory in GC current amplifiers have affinity to each other with excellent characteristics. The digital control system can be realized easily through the digital control implementation, DSPs or microprocessors. Multiple-parallel operational microprocessors realize two or higher paralleled GC current pattern tracking amplifier with optimal control design and excellent results are given for improving the image quality of MRI systems.
The Role of Branch Cell Symmetry and Other Critical Nanoscale Design Parameters in the Determination of Dendrimer Encapsulation Properties (2020)

This article reviews progress over the past three decades related to the role of dendrimer-based, branch cell symmetry in the development of advanced drug delivery systems, aqueous based compatibilizers/solubilizers/excipients and nano-metal cluster catalysts. Historically, it begins with early unreported work by the Tomalia Group (i.e., The Dow Chemical Co.) revealing that all known dendrimer family types may be divided into two major symmetry categories; namely: Category I: symmetrical branch cell dendrimers (e.g., Tomalia, Vögtle, Newkome-type dendrimers) possessing interior hollowness/porosity and Category II: asymmetrical branch cell dendrimers (e.g., Denkewalter-type) possessing no interior void space. These two branch cell symmetry features were shown to be pivotal in directing internal packing modes; thereby, differentiating key dendrimer properties such as densities, refractive indices and interior porosities. Furthermore, this discovery provided an explanation for unimolecular micelle encapsulation (UME) behavior observed exclusively for Category I, but not for Category II. This account surveys early experiments confirming the inextricable influence of dendrimer branch cell symmetry on interior packing properties, first examples of Category (I) based UME behavior, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) protocols for systematic encapsulation characterization, application of these principles to the solubilization of active approved drugs, engineering dendrimer critical nanoscale design parameters (CNDPs) for optimized properties and concluding with high optimism for the anticipated role of dendrimer-based solubilization principles in emerging new life science, drug delivery and nanomedical applications.
Enhancing Motivation in Hybrid Therapy Games for ASD (2014)

Hybrid games have been shown to be an effective tool for cognitive-behavioral therapy. We developed the hybrid therapy game Invasion of the Wrong Planet and conducted two consecutive studies both with children with and without autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). The studies contrast the design principle of "Encouraged Collaboration" (ECC) with the design principle of "Enforced Collaboration" (EFC). While EFC has been used in recent work on therapy games for ASD, EFC is derived from specific aspects of behavioral therapy. The results show that children across both groups prefer ECC over EFC, while both design principals elicit comparable degrees of collaboration between players. The higher preference may increase motivation and therefore ECC could enhance the effectiveness of games used in behavioral therapy. Latter aim at fostering the social competence and communicative skills of children with ASD.
Present Situation of Japanese Satellite Broadcasting for Experimental Purpose (1979)

Results of operations and experiments performed with the Japanese broadcasting satellite (BSE) are introduced. The BSE was launched in April 1978 for the purpose of technical evaluation of the 12 GHz satellite broadcasting system. One year long experience with the BSE proves the feasibility of direct television broadcasting from the satellite as well as the soundness of design and technology applied for the BSE.
Next Century Aerospace Traffic Management: The Sky is No Longer the Limit (2004)

About 100 years ago, on 17 December 1903, Wilbur and Orville Wright first flew the Wright Flyer and so began the first century of powered flight. Unfortunately, no one thought to invent an airspace management system to manage all of the aircraft flights that ensued from the Wright’s invention! As new aircraft were designed, improved, and built, the need soon arose to have some kind of order, management, and direction in how these aircraft were operated in the air and on the ground. Thus began the air traffic control system, born out of necessity, and evolving through reactions to aviation incidents and events. The paradigm of air traffic management has never changed: the safe, expeditious flow of air traffic through the airspace. The evolution of aviation over the past 100 years has been phenomenal, but much of the air traffic management vision took place over 50 years ago. As we enter the next century of flight, we see a vision for aeronautics that is even more spectacular than the changes we experienced during the first century: aircraft that can change shape, heal themselves, and fly (maneuver) like a bird as well as personal air vehicles allowing people to fly “door-to-door.” Such remarkable advances in vehicle technology will completely change the air traffic management problem. Highways in the sky are already congested, and the significant addition of air vehicles with the envisioned operating characteristics will create a very complex airspace volume. Although there is surely enough air space to use, air traffic will require significant management to maintain safety, security, order, and efficiency that will provide enough flexibility to allow people and goods to be moved at will. We now have the opportunity to utilize technology to fix the airspace management system of today providing adequate capacity to meet demand during the early part of this century. Moreover, we have the opportunity to set the stage for the aerospace management system of the future that will keep safety, security, capacity, and efficiency paramount and allow the growth of aviation to continue unimpeded. Now is the time for the United States to set the course for the future of aeronautics and continue to maintain world leadership in aeronautics. The sky is no longer the limit.
A Sparse and Low-Order Implementation for Discretization-Based Eigen-Analysis of Power Systems With Time-Delays (2019)

This letter presents a new discretization model for computing the rightmost eigenvalues of power systems with time-delays. In this model, only the retarded variables are concerned in discretization. Since the number of retarded terms is extremely small compared with that of all variables, the proposed technique significantly reduces the order of the existing discretization model, thereby alleviating the computational burden. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model are verified and discussed.
A liposome-displayed hemagglutinin vaccine platform protects mice and ferrets from heterologous influenza virus challenge (2021)

Recombinant influenza virus vaccines based on hemagglutinin (HA) hold the potential to accelerate production timelines and improve efficacy relative to traditional egg-based platforms. Here, we assess a vaccine adjuvant system comprised of immunogenic liposomes that spontaneously convert soluble antigens into a particle format, displayed on the bilayer surface. When trimeric H3 HA was presented on liposomes, antigen delivery to macrophages was improved in vitro, and strong functional antibody responses were induced following intramuscular immunization of mice. Protection was conferred against challenge with a heterologous strain of H3N2 virus, and naive mice were also protected following passive serum transfer. When admixed with the particle-forming liposomes, immunization reduced viral infection severity at vaccine doses as low as 2 ng HA, highlighting dose-sparing potential. In ferrets, immunization induced neutralizing antibodies that reduced the upper respiratory viral load upon challenge with a more modern, heterologous H3N2 viral strain. To demonstrate the flexibility and modular nature of the liposome system, 10 recombinant surface antigens representing distinct influenza virus strains were bound simultaneously to generate a highly multivalent protein particle that with 5 ng individual antigen dosing induced antibodies in mice that specifically recognized the constituent immunogens and conferred protection against heterologous H5N1 influenza virus challenge. Taken together, these results show that stable presentation of recombinant HA on immunogenic liposome surfaces in an arrayed fashion enhances functional immune responses and warrants further attention for the development of broadly protective influenza virus vaccines.
<title>Relation fullerene-PAH-soot in laser pyrolysis: FTIR investigations</title> (2004)

Laser pyrolysis of a hydrocarbon-based mixture is a continuous method for the synthesis of soot-containing fullerene. In this synthesis process, the mechanism of fullerene formation and soot is the radical mechanism of the PAH formation. In the flames producing both fullerenes and soot, exactly forming carbon cages require particular types of reaction sequences. The fullerene concentrations are strongly correlated with those of PAHs in the flame. The equilibrium soot-PAHs-fullerene is dependent on experimental parameters. FTIR spectra of soot extracts and exhaust gases are discussed in the frame of this dependence.