gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Does Colour Filling-In Account for Colour Perception in Natural Images? (2018)

It is popular to attribute the appearance of extended colour fields to a process of filling-in from the differential colour signals at colour edges, where one colour transitions to another. We ask whether such a process can account for the appearance of extended colour fields in natural images. Some form of colour filling-in must underlie the equiluminant colour Craik-O'Brien-Cornsweet effect and the Watercolour Effect, but these effects are too weak to account for the appearance of extended colour fields in natural images. Moreover, the graded colour disappearance effect reported as evidence for colour filling-in does not work under natural viewing conditions. We demonstrate that natural images do not look very colourful when their colour is restricted to edge transitions. Moreover, purely chromatic images with maximally graded (edgeless) transitions look fully colourful. Consequently, we conclude that colour filling-in makes no more than a minor contribution to the appearance of extended colour regions in natural images.
A cyclosporin A/maltosyl‐α‐cyclodextrin complex for inhalation therapy of asthma (2003)

The inhalation of cyclosporin (Cs)A to the lung is limited by its hydrophobic properties. In order to improve the poor solubility of CsA, cyclodextrin (CD) was evaluated for its suitability for dry powder inhaler formation, and the benefit of an inhaled CsA/CD complex in vivo was demonstrated. The solubilising effect of CDs on CsA was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Ciliostatic activity and haemolysis were determined to assess some safety profiles of CDs. The efficacy of an inhaled CsA/CD complex was evaluated by eosinophil infiltration into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in actively sensitised mice. CDs markedly improved the poor solubility of CsA. The ciliostatic and haemolytic activities of maltosyl-alpha-CD were the weakest of all the tested CDs. CsA inhaled alone showed inhibitory effects on allergen-induced eosinophilia. Inhalation of the complex of CsA with maltosyl-alpha-CD, where the dose of CsA was approximately nine-times less than that of CsA inhaled alone, also inhibited eosinophil accumulation significantly, with a longer duration of action in comparison with the response to CsA alone. Thus the effective dose of cyclosporin A could be reduced by formation of a complex with maltosyl-alpha-cyclodextrin, and a wider therapeutic safety margin by inhalation of cyclosporin A as a complex with maltosyl-alpha-cyclodextrin could be expected.
Synthesis of novel urethanes from a castor oil derived C22-acyloin (2011)

The synthesis of new bio-based chemical building blocks, resulting from the condensation of a renewable C-22 acyloin derived from non-edible castor oil, with mono-and bifunctional isocyanates is reported. The condensation with aliphatic mono-isocyanates was relatively straightforward, however phenyl isocyanates only resulted in low yields together with the formation of a cyclic hemi-aminal during purification. The condensation with diisocyanates was successful for the aliphatic hexamethylene diisocyanate. As for the aromatic 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, a low yield of the desired product was obtained, since a similar ring closing reaction took place. The urethanes were synthesized in order to evaluate their plasticizing and viscosity-modifying properties.
From the Bench to the Trench (1999)

BACKGROUND: New medications that enter the marketplace have been tested almost exclusively in controlled clinical trials conducted in specialty research settings. There is some concern that these carefully selected patient samples may not provide information generalizable to the "real world" clinical population. The purpose of this investigation was to compare results from a large, open-label study of sertraline in the treatment of major depression in the clinical practice setting with pooled results from 2 multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies conducted in specialty research settings. METHOD: Clinical practice patients (N = 1482), aged 21 to 65 years, from 228 psychiatric clinical practice sites across the United States participated in the open-label treatment study (Clinical Practice sample). Patients who met DSM-III-R criteria for moderate-to-severe unipolar major depression (i.e., had pretreatment Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HAM-D] scores >/= 18) were treated for 8 weeks with sertraline in a flexible dosing fashion (50-200 mg daily). Outcomes on the HAM-D and Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale (CGI-I) were compared with the pooled results from 2 previously published placebo-controlled, multicenter treatment studies of sertraline in outpatients with major depression (N = 280). The overall response to sertraline in the Clinical Practice sample was compared with the outcome from the research study patient sample (Clinical Research sample). Additionally, comparison of outcomes of patients with common depressive subtypes (double depression, anxious depression, and melancholic ["endogenous"] depression) were examined. RESULTS: The percentage of sertraline-treated patients rated as responders on the CGI-I was significantly higher in the Clinical Practice sample compared with the Clinical Research sample (87% vs. 73%; p <.001). Sertraline was also much better tolerated in the Clinical Practice sample than in the Clinical Research sample as evidenced by significantly lower overall reports of adverse events (9.4% vs. 13.2%; p <.05) and lower patient dropout rates (17.5% vs. 34.3%; p <.01). Among clinical practice patients, sertraline was found to be equally effective in treating endogenous/melancholic and anxious subtypes and only mildly less effective in achieving a response in patients with double depression (chronic low-grade depression with a superimposed major depression). A regression analysis identified older age and double depression as being predictors of a slower time to response. More than 70% of patients who reported nonresponse to previous treatment with fluoxetine or a tricyclic antidepressant responded to sertraline. CONCLUSION: The effectiveness and tolerability of sertraline treatment was found to be significantly better in the Clinical Practice sample, suggesting that the results from controlled studies in research settings may represent an underestimate of the benefits of a drug. More effectiveness research is needed to confirm and extend these findings.
Design, synthesis and bioevaluation of tacrine hybrids with cinnamate and cinnamylidene acetate derivatives as potential anti-Alzheimer drugs (2015)

Novel tacrine–cinnamate and –cinnamylidenacetate as multitargeted compounds in view of AD drugs: anti-AChE and anti-oxidant activity as well as cell neuroprotection.
Adaptive Antenna with mixed diversity angular and polarization for Wireless LAN terminals (2003)

In this paper, we present a new approach of adaptive antennas design for wireless high rate communication terminal using a mixed diversity (angular and polarization) for mitigating inter-symbol interference due to multipaths. This approach can be regarded as an alternative to the well-known approach of equalization which imposes the use of expansive integrated circuits to eliminate inter-symbol interferences. Design principle and experimental results of switched antennas with mixed diversity are presented in this work.
Asymmetric synthesis of lignans using oxazolidinones as chiral auxiliaries (1997)

A simple procedure for the asymmetric synthesis of lignans via chiral β-benzyl-γ-butyrolactones has been developed. The key benzylbutyrolactone intermediates were efficiently synthesized using a six-step procedure, starting from 3,4-(methylenedioxy)cinnamic acid. The key step in this sequence was a highly diastereoselective alkylation of an N-acyloxazolidinone enolate. The resulting β-benzyl-γ-butyrolactones were subsequently transformed into the benzylidene lignans gossypifan and savinin (hibalactone) via aldol condensation–dehydration reactions, and into the dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan 4′-demethylyatein, through alkylation. Oxidation of 4′-demethylyatein with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) afforded cis-and trans-benzylidenebenzylbutyrolactones, whereas oxidation with DDQ/TFA gave 4′-demethyl-deoxyisopodophyllotoxin. Keywords: lignans, synthesis, asymmetric, biosynthesis, oxidation, benzylbutyrolactones.
CD8 T Cell – associated cytokine gene expression programs in AIDS (1995)

Klimas, Nancy; Walling, Jean; Yue, Xiao-S; Garcia, Maria; Pons, Hector; Sandier, Dmitry; Friedlander, Adam; Fletcher, Mary Ann Author Information
Synthetic aperture radar data visualization on the iPod Touch (2010)

A major area of focus for the Air Force is sensor performance in urban environments. Aircraft with multiple sensor modalities, such as Synthetic Aperture RADAR (SAR), Infrared (IR), and Electro-Optics (EO), are essential for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) of current and future urban battlefields. Although applications exist for visualization of these types of imagery, they usually require at least a laptop computer and internet connection. Field operatives need to be able to access georeferenced information about imagery as part of a Geographic Information System (GIS) on mobile devices. The iPod/iPhone has a 640x480 resolution multi-touch display, making it an excellent device for interacting with georeferenced imagery. We created an iPhone application that loads SAR imagery and allows the user to interact with it. The user multi-touch interface provides pan and zoom capabilities as well as options to change parameters relating to the query. We describe how operatives in the field can use this application to investigate SAR and GIS related problems on the iPhone mobile device, which otherwise would require a computer and Internet connection.
Argonaute integrated single-tube PCR system enables supersensitive detection of rare mutations (2021)

Technological advances in rare DNA mutations detection have revolutionized the diagnosis and monitoring of tumors, but they are still limited by the lack of supersensitive and high-coverage procedures for identifying low-abundance mutations. Here, we describe a single-tube, multiplex PCR-based system, A-Star, that involves a hyperthermophilic Argonaute from Pyrococcus furiosus (PfAgo) for highly efficient detection of rare mutations beneficial from its compatibility with DNA polymerase. This novel technique uses a specific guide design strategy to allow PfAgo selective cleavage with single-nucleotide resolution at 94°C, thus mostly eliminating wild-type DNA in the denaturation step and efficiently amplifying rare mutant DNA during the PCR process. The integrated single-tube system achieved great efficiency for enriching rare mutations compared with a divided system separating the cleavage and amplification. Thus, A-Star enables easy detection and quantification of 0.01% rare mutations with ≥5500-fold increase in efficiency. The feasibility of A-Star was also demonstrated for detecting oncogenic mutations in solid tumor tissues and blood samples. Remarkably, A-Star achieved simultaneous detection of multiple oncogenes through a simple single-tube reaction by orthogonal guide-directed specific cleavage. This study demonstrates a supersensitive and rapid nucleic acid detection system with promising potential for both research and therapeutic applications.
New homo- and heteronuclear complexes of Manganese/Calcium, as models of the Oxygen-Evolving Center of Photosystem II (2014)

The active site of the photosystem II (PSII) also called the Oxygen-Evolving-Center (OEC) - an inorganic oxygen-bridged cluster of four manganese and one calcium ions (Mn&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;CaO&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;) stabilized by carboxylate ligands - catalyzes the four electron oxidation of water into dioxygen. The recent crystal structure of PSII at the 1.9 Å resolution evidences for the first time the presence of four "water" molecules (of unknown protonated states) directly bound to the cluster (two coordinated to the Ca and the other two to one Mn in close proximity), that could act as substrates for dioxygen formation. To date, less than ten examples of synthetic hetero-nuclear manganese-calcium complexes habe been isolated and their studies in solution (stability/reactivity) are still very limited. Only two examples reproduce the cubane unit of the OEC. The goal of our work is to develop a new family of homo- and heteronuclear Mn/Ca complexes of low nuclearity incorporating aquo ligands, as found in the OEC, and to deeply investigate their electronic structure by state-of-the-art Mn and Ca X-ray absorption (XAS) and emission (XES) techniques, combined to theoretical chemistry. Calcium K-Edge XAS and XES spectroscopies remain largely unexplored. Thus, the investigation of these well-characterized model Ca complexes will provide essential insights for the understanding of more complex systems such as the Mn&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;Ca cluster of the OEC. To access these complexes, we have initiated the synthesis of a family of tripodic ligands including the pyridine-carboxylate motif. From these ligands, new Ca and heteronuclear Mn/Ca complexes have been successfully synthesized. Figure 1 displays the X-ray structures of two selected complexes. In both complexes, the calcium ion is coordinated to water molecules and carboxylate ligands, as in the natural cluster. Preliminary results obtained by XAS Ca spectroscopy will be also presented.
Custodian-based information sharing (2012)

Information sharing systems such as iCloud, Dropbox, Facebook, and Twitter are ubiquitous today, but all of them depend on massive server infrastructure and always-on Internet connectivity. We have designed and implemented a sharing system that does not require infrastructure yet supports robust, distributed, secure sharing by opportunistically using any and all connectivity, local or global, permanent or transient, to communicate. One key element of this system is a new information routing model that so far has proven to be as scalable and efficient as the best of the current Internet routing protocols, while operating in an environment more complex and dynamic than they can tolerate. The new routing model is made possible by new affordances offered by information-centric networking, in particular, the open source CCN [1] release. This article describes the new system and its routing model, and provides some performance measurements.
Explicit versus implicit source estimation for blind multiple input single output system identification (2015)

Sparsely-activated time series are found in many physical systems. In these cases, the signals can be approximated by convolution of sparse sources with a set of shift-invariant filters. When there is access to only one sensor, such that there is a single observation signal, identifying the source signals appears to be an ill-posed problem, but for very sparse sources it is still possible to learn the system. We discuss analysis techniques for sparsely activated signals, which retrieve sparse sources given the filters, and identify conditions when algorithms based on independent component analysis (ICA) and sparse coding can blindly estimate filters from a single noisy time-series. Many qualitative results have been made for learning shift-invariant bases on natural signals, but for a thorough understanding of the effect of sparsity, we quantitatively analyze results on synthetic examples, comparing how ICA and shift-invariant sparse coding approaches perform for multiple-source blind system identification.
Pig and rabbit gene mapping (1988)

Chantier qualité spécifique "Auteurs Externes" département de Génétique animale : uniquement liaison auteur au référentiel HR-Access
Artificial nucleosome positioning sequences. (1989)

We have used the emerging rules for the sequence dependence of DNA bendability to design and test a series of DNA molecules that incorporate strongly into nucleosomes. Competitive reconstitution experiments showed the superiority in histone octamer binding of DNA molecules in which segments consisting exclusively of A and T or G and C, separated by 2 base pairs (bp), are repeated with a 10-bp period. These repeated (A/T)3NN(G/C)3NN motifs are superior in nucleosome formation to natural positioning sequences and to other repeated motifs such as AANNNTTNNN and GGNNNCCNNN. Studies of different lengths of repetitive anisotropically flexible DNA showed that a segment of approximately 40 bp embedded in a 160-bp fragment is sufficient to generate nucleosome binding equivalent to that of natural nucleosome positioning sequences from 5S RNA genes. Bending requirements along the surface of the nucleosome seem to be quite constant, with no large jumps in binding free energy attributable to protein-induced kinks. The most favorable sequences incorporate into nucleosomes more strongly by 100-fold than bulk nucleosomal DNA, but differential bending free energies are small when normalized to the number of bends: a free energy difference of only about 100 cal/mol per bend (1 cal = 4.184 J) distinguishes the best bending sequences and bulk DNA. We infer that the distortion energy of DNA bending in the nucleosome is only weakly dependent on DNA sequence.
CENOZOIC TECTONICS AND DYNAMICS OF BASIN GROUPS OF THE NORTHERN SOUTH CHINA SEA (2013)

There are a lot of Cenozoic basins from west to east in the northern margin of the South China Sea,including the Beibu Gulf,the Qiongdongnan,the Pearl River Mouth and the Taixinan basins.Previous studies suggested that these basins are derived gradually during the rifting of the southeast continental margin of the South China Block and the formation of the northern passive margin of the South China Sea.However,a large number of seismic profiles revealed that some major basin-controlling faults in the northern margin of the South China Sea are landward-dipping,which are clearly inconsistent with the major seaward dipping faults of a typical passive continental margin basin.Thus,the Mckenzie's extension model of passive continental margin remains controversial for the formation mechanism of the northern marginal basins of the South China Sea.This article,based on the comparison between a large number of field observation and marine seismic data,reveals that the northern continental margin of the South China Sea is not a passive continental margin before 34Ma.The early faults were well developed in NE—NNE-striking,corresponding to the strike-slipping faults in the southeast South China.These dextral,right-step strike-slipping faults are NE—NNE striking,controlling the secondary faults with near-EW or NEE strikes and the distribution of tectonic units in the pull-apart basins.Therefore,a series of Cenozoic basins in the northern margin of the South China Sea is dextral,right-step pull-apart basin group,having close relation in dynamics.This pull-apart model is consistent with the migration of sedimentary-subsidence centers and depocenters,tectonic jumping and magmatic migration within Cenozoic basins.The northern continental margin of the South China Sea actually became a typical passive continental margin since 15 Ma,when the South China Sea oceanic crust terminated spreading.At last,all structures in the northern continental margin of the South China Sea are offset by the late,diffusive NWW-striking faults resulting from the gradual indentation of the Philippines Plate to the Eurasian Plate along the Luzon Arc and the Taiwan Orogenic Belt between 10 Ma and about 5 Ma.Basin dynamics in northern continental margin of the South China Sea is mainly related to the dynamics of the Pacific Plate.
A new approach for binary line image vectorization (2002)

Lines and junctions are principal features for a line image. The spatial relationships established among them are usually employed in applications such as OCR and architectural blueprint vectorization. The conventional thinning techniques often suffered the pitfall of spurious junction points that are crucial features to derive. The liability of the shape of the skeleton resulting from multiple fork points connected through several short branches will impede the further recognition stage. In this paper, a new approach which differentiates from the conventional thinning algorithms in vectorizing a raster line image is presented. This vectorization algorithm takes the ensemble of pixels within the line segments collectively as legitimate candidates in deciding the vectorized representation. This method can not only segment the lines and junctions but also construct their spatial relationships. A maximal inscribing circle (MIC) concept is introduced to derive the directions of line segments. An iterative procedure is developed to identify each line segment and the corresponding junctions. Experimental studies comparing the performance of a conventional thinning method with that of our MIC algorithm are performed using the flow diagram as test images. The results demonstrate that our approach is computation efficient, robust and may render optimal multipixel-width vectorized line representation at user's discretion.
A 15-GHz wireless interconnect implemented in a 0.18-μm CMOS technology using integrated transmitters, receivers, and antennas (2002)

Using a 6-metal, copper 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology, a 15-GHz on-chip wireless interconnect system has been demonstrated. The transmission frequency and distance (5.6 mm) of on-chip wireless interconnection have been almost doubled compared to the previously reported system. In addition, an integrated transmitter for on-chip wireless interconnection has been demonstrated. Lastly, the RF potential of CMOS technology for >10 GHz is assessed.
Comparative Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Against a Multi-Acaricide Resistant Strain of Southern Cattle Fever Tick, Rhipicephalus microplus1 (2019)

Comparative efficacy of infective juveniles of Steinernema riobrave Cabanillas, Poinar, and Raulston (355 strain), S. carpocapsae (Weiser) (All strain), S. feltiae Filipjev (SN strain), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (VS strain), H. indica Poinar, Karunakar, and David (HOM1 strain), and H. floridensis Nguyen, Gozel, Koppenhöfer, and Adams (K22 strain) were evaluated against engorged adult females of the multi-acaricide resistant Yucatan strain of Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini). Engorged female ticks were exposed to different concentrations of infective nematode juveniles (1,250, 2,500, and 5,000 per Petri dish) for 72 hours. Effects on mortality, egg mass weight, reproductive index, percentage inhibition of oviposition, and hatching percentage were assessed. A dose-dependent mortality response was recorded in ticks for all entomopathogenic nematodes except S. feltiae. Minimum LC50 (95% CL) values of 3,180.2 (2,957.9-3,419.3) and 490.9 (462.1-521.5) nematodes per dish were calculated for S. riobrave and H. floridensis, respectively. Each entomopathogenic nematode (except S. feltiae) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the reproductive index of the engorged ticks, and the effect was dose-dependent because greater concentrations resulted in maximum reduction. No effect on egg hatchability was recorded in groups exposed to infective juveniles. Results demonstrated that some entomopathogenic nematodes also have acaropathogenic activity. S. riobrave and H. floridensis might be used as part of an integrated approach to control R. microplus resistant to various classes of acaricides.