gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Reconfiguration of Mission Parameters in Underwater Human-Robot Collaboration (2018)

This paper presents a real-time programming and parameter reconfiguration method for autonomous underwater robots in human-robot collaborative tasks. Using a set of intuitive and meaningful hand gestures, we develop a syntactically simple framework that is computationally more efficient than a complex, grammar-based approach. In the proposed framework, a convolutional neural network is trained to provide accurate hand gesture recognition; subsequently, a finite-state machine- based deterministic model performs efficient gesture-to-instruction mapping and further improves robustness of the interaction scheme. The key aspect of this framework is that it can be easily adopted by divers for communicating simple instructions to underwater robots without using artificial tags such as fiducial markers or requiring memorization of a potentially complex set of language rules. Extensive experiments are performed both on field-trial data and through simulation, which demonstrate the robustness, efficiency, and portability of this framework in a number of different scenarios. Finally, a user interaction study is presented that illustrates the gain in the ease of use of our proposed interaction framework compared to the existing methods for the underwater domain.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling of Benzyl Chlorides with Terminal Alkynes to Give 1,4‐Diaryl‐3‐butyn‐2‐ones and Related Furanones. (2012)

Abstract Palladium‐catalyzed carbonylative coupling of benzyl chlorides (I) with benzylethyne (II) provides access towards a range of benzylidenefuranones (IV), while the reaction with aryl‐ and cycloalkylethynes (V) affords butynones (VI), exclusively.
Remarques générales de Duchesne sur les pépons (2007)

La présentation des espèces par Duchesne dans l’Essai commence avec les gourdes, actuellement Lagenaria siceraria et se termine avec la pastèque, actuellement Citrullus lanatus. Entre elles figurent Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moschata et Cucurbita pepo, dans cet ordre. Des 98 formes cultivées qui l’ont été par Duchesne durant la période de ses expériences de fécondation croisée, 93 étaient des C. pepo, seulement deux des C. maxima et trois des C. moschata. Duchesne trouva C. pepo très polymo...
Tunable Magnetic Transition Temperatures in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Cobalt Chloride Hexagonal Perovskites (2023)

Magnetically active atomic distances may impact the magnetic ordering in a given system both directly and indirectly. We synthesize three novel quasi-one-dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid cobalt chloride chain compounds (CH3NH3CoCl3, CH(NH2)2CoCl3, and C(NH2)3CoCl3) and characterize their magnetic and thermodynamic properties. These materials crystallize in a hexagonal perovskite-type structure consisting of chains of face-sharing Co–Cl octahedra separated by the respective organic cation. Temperature- and field-dependent magnetic susceptibility analyses reveal that each compound possesses antiferromagnetic intrachain coupling and that the strength of the correlations is comparable across the three materials. Moreover, the interchain Co–Co distance, which depends on the size of the organic cation, is directly related to the temperature at which long-range magnetic ordering occurs.
Surveillance as social sorting : privacy, risk, and digital discrimination (2003)

Part One: Orientations 1. Surveillance as Social Sorting: Computer Codes and Mobile Bodies 2. Theorizing Surveillance: The Case of the Workplace 3. Biometrics and the Body as Information: Normative Issues of the Socio-technical Coding of the Body Part Two: Verifying Identities: Constituting Life-Chances 4. Electronic Identity Cards and Social Classification 5. Surveillance Creep in the Genetic Age 6. Racial Categories and Health Risks: Epidemiological Surveillance Among Canadian First Nations Part Three: Regulating Mobilities: Places and Spaces 7. Privacy and the Phenetic Urge: Geodemographics and the Changing Spatiality of Local Practice 8. People and Place: Patterns of Individual Identification within Intelligent Transportation Systems 9. Netscapes of Power: Convergence, Network Design, Walled Gardens, and other Strategies of Control in the Information Age Part Four: Targeting Trouble: Social Divisions 10. Categorizing the Workers: Electronic Surveillance and Social Ordering in the Call Centre 11. Private Security and Surveillance: From the Dossier Society to Database Networks 12. From Personal to Digital: CCTV, the Panopticon, and the Technological Meditation of Suspicion and Social Control
Interpretation and use of standard atomic weights (IUPAC Technical Report) (2021)

Abstract Many calculations for science or trade require the evaluation and propagation of measurement uncertainty. Although relative atomic masses (standard atomic weights) of elements in normal terrestrial materials and chemicals are widely used in science, the uncertainties associated with these values are not well understood. In this technical report, guidelines for the use of standard atomic weights are given. This use involves the derivation of a value and a standard uncertainty from a standard atomic weight, which is explained in accordance with the requirements of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement. Both the use of standard atomic weights with the law of propagation of uncertainty and the Monte Carlo method are described. Furthermore, methods are provided for calculating uncertainties of relative molecular masses of substances and their mixtures. Methods are also outlined to compute material-specific atomic weights whose associated uncertainty may be smaller than the uncertainty associated with the standard atomic weights.
Cecropin–Melittin Functionalized Polyurethane Surfaces Prevent Staphylococcus epidermidis Adhesion without Inducing Platelet Adhesion and Activation (2018)

Abstract Infections and thrombus formation are major concerns for the success of blood‐contacting medical devices. Antimicrobial coatings based on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are described as promising strategies to fight biomaterial‐associated infections. However, their efficiency in the presence of plasma and their effect on platelets adhesion/activation, essential for blood contact applications, is not known. In this work, the AMP cecropin–melittin (CM) is covalently immobilized onto polyurethane (PU) films envisaging a coating for intravascular catheters. Immobilization is done by dip‐coating of a layer of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) functionalized with NH 2 and COOH terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG). Surfaces characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM‐D), and colorimetric assays reveal a stable and homogeneous coating distribution. CM coating significantly reduces Staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion to PU films (≈80% in PBS). Its bactericidal activity is not affected in the presence of 1% human plasma (hPlasma) proteins with 65% reduction on viable bacteria comparing to PU. Moreover, CM coating is able to prevent platelet adhesion/activation to PU films (≈95% in PBS). This effect is also observed when surfaces are precoated with hPlasma. Overall, the developed antimicrobial coating demonstrates great potential to prevent bacterial infections on PU devices without instigating platelet adhesion/activation.
Presentation_1_An Adaptive Actuation Mechanism for Anthropomorphic Robot Hands.pdf (2019)

&lt;p&gt;This paper presents an adaptive actuation mechanism that can be employed for the development of anthropomorphic, dexterous robot hands. The tendon-driven actuation mechanism achieves both flexion/extension and adduction/abduction on the finger's metacarpophalangeal joint using two actuators. Moment arm pulleys are employed to drive the tendon laterally and achieve a simultaneous execution of abduction and flexion motion. Particular emphasis has been given to the modeling and analysis of the actuation mechanism. More specifically, the analysis determines specific values for the design parameters for desired abduction angles. Also, a model for spatial motion is provided that relates the actuation modes with the finger motions. A static balance analysis is performed for the computation of the tendon force at each joint. A model is employed for the computation of the stiffness of the rotational flexure joints. The proposed mechanism has been designed and fabricated with the hybrid deposition manufacturing technique. The efficiency of the mechanism has been validated with experiments that include the assessment of the role of friction, the computation of the reachable workspace, the assessment of the force exertion capabilities, the demonstration of the feasible motions, and the evaluation of the grasping and manipulation capabilities. An anthropomorphic robot hand equipped with the proposed actuation mechanism was also fabricated to evaluate its performance. The proposed mechanism facilitates the collaboration of actuators to increase the exerted forces, improving hand dexterity and allowing the execution of dexterous manipulation tasks.&lt;/p&gt;
Corn stover harvest strategy effects on grain yield and soil quality indicators (2012)

The development of technologies to use cellulosic biomass as a feedstock for biofuel production was recognized as an important research focus because cellulose is a more widely-available feedstock than corn starch. Our objective was to compare various corn (Zea mays L.) stover harvest strategies to determine which would be most sustainable. A complete block design with 2 ha plots, each replicated three times, was imposed on a 50 ha (125 acre) Clarion-Nicollet-Webster soil Association site near Emmetsburg, Iowa, U.S.A. before harvesting the 2008 corn crop. Hand samples were collected from a 1.5 m2 area in each plot to establish the potential amount of above-ground biomass that could be potentially harvested using one of seven stover harvest strategies. Surface soil samples (0 to 15 cm) were analyzed following each harvest to monitor fertility changes and to make subsequent fertilizer recommendations. Grain yields averaged 11.4, 10.1, 9.7, and 9.5 Mg ha-1 in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively, but were not signiﬁ cantly affected by stover harvest treatments. Relative yield for the various treatments ranged from 97 to 107% of the conventional treatment for which none of the residue was harvested. Four-year average stover yields ranged 1.0 to 5.2 Mg ha-1 which was 12 to 60% of the above-ground biomass. Three years of plant tissue data at anthesis indicated N management needed to be improved as the values were below the critical concentration of 27 g kg-1. Sulfur concentrations were just barely above the critical value of 15 g kg-1. Soil test analyses showed substantial ﬁ eld variability but no signiﬁ cant stover harvest treatment effects. There was a slight decrease in soil organic carbon, unrelated to the stover harvest treatments, that is attributed to the intensity of tillage and crop yields that were lower than expected. Overall, this study is consistent with other studies in the U.S. Corn/Soybean Belt that indicate to sustain soil resources within this region, corn stover should generally not be harvested if average grain yields are less than 11 Mg ha-1 (175 bu ac-1). Strategies for achieving those levels include implementing more rigorous soil-testing and plant analysis programs, installing tile drainage where needed, improving overall nutrient management programs, reducing tillage intensity, incorporating cover crops and rotating corn with other crop such as soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], small grain, or forage.
In silico evaluation of plant nitrification suppression effects on agroecosystem nitrogen loss (2022)

Abstract Nitrification regulates the potential for nitrogen (N) loss from ecosystems because it converts ammonium to nitrate, which is susceptible to leaching and gaseous emissions. Crops can suppress the microbes that perform nitrification by exuding nitrification‐inhibiting compounds from their roots and taking up available ammonium. However, the effect of nitrification suppression on agroecosystem N losses remains poorly characterized, and a lack of temporal synchrony between nitrification, N losses, and nitrification suppression by plants could limit the effect of nitrification suppression. We used the DayCent‐CABBI model to evaluate the effectiveness of the suppression of nitrification by sorghum to reduce N 2 O emissions and nitrate leaching in an energy sorghum/soybean rotation at the Energy Farm in Urbana‐Champaign, IL. We simulated nitrification suppression at the measured levels (MeasNS) and at the maximum measured level applied to the entire growing season (MaxNS), and we also explored ways to better utilize nitrification suppression by altering the timing of urea–ammonium–nitrate fertilizer applications. Model experiments showed that most nitrification occurred immediately after fertilizer was applied, whereas nitrification suppression began to ramp up more than a month after planting. On an annual basis, MeasNS experiments showed a 1%–2% reduction in annual N 2 O emissions relative to no nitrification suppression (NoNS), and MaxNS experiments showed a 4%–9% reduction in annual N 2 O emissions relative to NoNS. Both nitrification suppression levels showed &lt;1% reduction in nitrate leaching. Altering the timing of fertilizer applications to better synchronize nitrification suppression with high soil ammonium levels had mixed effects on annual N 2 O emissions and nitrate leaching and sometimes resulted in increased N losses. The timing of simulated N 2 O emissions shifted with the timing of fertilization, and N 2 O emissions from denitrification increased when N 2 O emissions from nitrification decreased. Increasing N retention during the non‐growing season may be more effective than growing‐season nitrification suppression for reducing annual N losses in the rainfed Midwest.
Interpreter’s Corner (1996)

We continue to get responses to the mapping problem presented in the May 1995 issue of TLE. Two particularly interesting responses are printed below.
Haiti—Stories From the Tremblement de Terre: The World Changed in 35 Seconds (2010)

The most impressive thing, really, was the Haitian people. The children who flew kites above the tent cities, played football (soccer) with empty water bottles, and were bathed in buckets before clinic. The women who walked through the mud to our field hospital and somehow kept their best white dresses spotless. The physicians who lost their clinics, equipment, operating rooms, and family members but worked long hours anyway treating patients who had lost everything. It made eating MREs and sleeping under cracked walls a privilege.
Eocene adakitic porphyries in the central‐northern Qiangtang Block, central Tibet: Partial melting of thickened lower crust and implications for initial surface uplifting of the plateau (2017)

Abstract The time and mechanism of crustal thickening and initial surface uplift of the Tibetan Plateau remain highly controversial. Here we report on zircon U‐Pb age, and mineral, element, and Sr‐Nd isotope composition data for Eocene adakitic porphyries in the Laorite Co area of central‐northern Qiangtang Block, central Tibet. Laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry zircon U‐Pb age dating shows that the porphyries were generated at 42–41 Ma. All samples display adakitic geochemical characteristics, such as high SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 , and low Y and Yb contents, and high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios with positive Sr and negligible Eu anomalies and Nb‐Ta depletion. They also have low magnesium number (Mg #) (16–45) and high K 2 O (4.0–4.6 wt %) values, as well as high ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) i (0.7076–0.7080) and low εNd(t) (−5.9 to −4.4) values. These adakitic rocks were most probably generated by partial melting of thickened lower crust in the stability field of garnet, amphibole, and rutile but with relatively minor plagioclase. Moreover, such a crustal thickening process beneath this block likely occurred no later than the middle Eocene and was most probably caused by the southward subduction of the Songpan‐Ganzi Block in the early Cenozoic. In addition, the occurrences of exposed adakitic porphyries unambiguously indicate that exhumation process occurred after their formation. Thus, these ~42 Ma adakitic porphyries indicate the occurrence of significant exhumation since 42 Ma. Integrated with the thermochronological and paleoelevation data, we suggest that the initial surface uplift of the Qiangtang Block, triggered by crustal thickening, was underway by the middle Eocene (~42 Ma).
Configurable 8T SRAM for Enbling in-Memory Computing (2019)

To cope with the memory wall of von-Neumann computing architecture, the in-memory-computing (IMC) architecture has been proposed. The IMC architecture embeds logic into the memory array to reduce the data transfer between the processor and memory. This paper proposes a configurable 8T SRAM which can provide the functions of ternary content address memory, left shift, and right shift in addition to the storage function. The method only needs to modify the peripheral circuitry of an 8 T SRAM. The Hspice simulator is used to verify configurable 8T SRAM using TSMC 0.18μm CMOS technology.
Figure S1 from Tracking Cell Transplants in Femoral Osteonecrosis with Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Proof-of-Concept Study in Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1 shows that quantity of transplanted cells may predict outcome of osteonecrosis.&lt;/p&gt;
Cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity of Aloe species (2002)

Aloes are used in traditional medicine for arthritis and to treat skin irritations. These indications could point to the plants having anti-inflammatory activity. Methanolic extracts of dried leaves of 53 Aloe species were tested in the cyclooxygenase-1 assay. Cyclooxygenase is one of the key enzymes in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins that are implicated in inflammatory processes. The selected species are representative of all chemotypes identified for the genus. The grass-like and scandent aloes accumulate flavonoids in co-occurrence with the anthrone isomers aloin A and B (A. boylei). This group is considered to be basal in Aloe and with the exception of A. ciliaris, members of this chemo type showed high values of inhibition. The flavanone producing species (A. pratensis, A. humilis and A. pretoriensis) also exhibited high values. These high values are similar to those recorded for aloes which accumulate anthrones and chromones (A. wickensii). The two main anthrone chemotypes in Aloe are represented by homonataloin and aloin accumulating species. No significant differences could be observed between species accumulating aloin (A. ferox) when compared to the homonataloin-producing species (A. mitriformis). It is interesting to note that species with similar exudate profiles (A. mitriformis and A. comptonii) showed similar values of inhibition.
Total scatter factors of small beams: A multidetector and Monte Carlo study (2008)

The scope of this study was to estimate total scatter factors (S(c,p)) of the three smallest collimators of the Cyberknife radiosurgery system (5-10 mm in diameter), combining experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulation. Two microchambers, a diode, and a diamond detector were used to collect experimental data. The treatment head and the detectors were simulated by means of a Monte Carlo code in order to calculate correction factors for the detectors and to estimate total scatter factors by means of a consistency check between measurement and simulation. Results for the three collimators were: S(c,p) (5 mm) = 0.677 +/- 0.004, S(c,p) (7.5 mm) = 0.820 +/- 0.008, S(c,p) (10 mm) = 0.871 +/- 0.008, all relative to the 60 mm collimator at 80 cm source-to-detector distance. The method also allows the full width at half maximum of the electron beam to be estimated; estimations made with different collimators and different detectors were in excellent agreement and gave a value of 2.1 mm. Correction factors to be applied to the detectors for the measurement of S(c,p) were consistent with a prevalence of volume effect for the microchambers and the diamond and a prevalence of scattering from high-Z material for the diode detector. The proposed method is more sensitive to small variations of the electron beam diameter with respect to the conventional method used to commission Monte Carlo codes, i.e., by comparison with measured percentage depth doses (PDD) and beam profiles. This is especially important for small fields (less than 10 mm diameter), for which measurements of PDD and profiles are strongly affected by the type of detector used. Moreover, this method should allow S(c,p) of Cyberknife systems different from the unit under investigation to be estimated without the need for further Monte Carlo calculation, provided that one of the microchambers or the diode detector of the type used in this study are employed. The results for the diamond are applicable only to the specific detector that was investigated due to excessive variability in manufacturing.
Non-Invasive Renal Perfusion Imaging Using Arterial Spin Labeling MRI: Challenges and Opportunities (2018)

Tissue perfusion allows for delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues, and in the kidneys is also a key determinant of glomerular filtration. Quantification of regional renal perfusion provides a potential window into renal (patho) physiology. However, non-invasive, practical, and robust methods to measure renal perfusion remain elusive, particularly in the clinic. Arterial spin labeling (ASL), a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, is arguably the only available method with potential to meet all these needs. Recent developments suggest its viability for clinical application. This review addresses several of these developments and discusses remaining challenges with the emphasis on renal imaging in human subjects.
Identification of a Peptoid Inhibitor of the Proteasome 19S Regulatory Particle (2007)

The first chemical inhibitor of the 19S regulatory particle (RP) of the proteasome is described. The molecule was identified by screening a library of nucleoside-capped peptoids for binding to the yeast 26S proteasome in a crude extract. The hit was resynthesized and shown to block 19S RP-mediated protein unfolding in vitro and proteasome-mediated turnover of p27 in HeLa cells.
The Presence of Female Conveners Correlates with a Higher Proportion of Female Speakers at Scientific Symposia (2014)

The proportion of women entering scientific careers has increased substantially, but women remain underrepresented in academic ranks. Participation in meetings as a speaker is a factor of great importance for academic advancement. We found that having a woman as a convener greatly increased women's participation in symposia, suggesting that one mechanism for achieving gender balance at scientific meetings is to involve more women as conveners.