gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Coupling of Allenes and Carbon Dioxide Catalyzed by Electrogenerated Nickel Complexes. (1990)

Abstract Electrolysis of the allenes (I) and (V) in a carbon dioxide atmosphere under pressure and in the presence of a Ni(II) complex results in reductive carboxylation, forming predominantly the unsaturated carboxylic acids (III) and (IV) or (VI) and (VII).
QuatCy-I2 and MHI-I2 in Photodynamic Therapy (2022)

MHI-I<sub>2</sub> (<b>1</b>) and QuatCy-I<sub>2</sub> (<b>2</b>) were compared in terms of properties important for early-stage photodynamic therapy preclinical candidates. Thus, experiments were performed to monitor dark cytotoxicities, light/dark cytotoxicity ratios, selectivity of localization in tumors over other organs, and clearance from the plasma.
Blind adaptive multiple-input decision-feedback equalizer with a self-optimized configuration (2001)

This paper introduces a novel blind adaptive multiple-input decision-feedback equalizer (MI-DFE) which is basically characterized by its ability to self-optimize its configuration, in terms of both structure and criteria, according to the severity of the transmission medium. In the first running mode, the novel equalizer is recursive, linear and "blindly" adapted by criteria leading to a solution closely related to the minimum MSE solution. In the second running mode, it becomes the conventional MI-DFE. From the viewpoints of both robustness and spectral efficiency, this equalizer proves to be very attractive since it avoids pathological behaviors, often encountered with the conventional trained MI-DFE, while requiring no training sequence. Furthermore, its very high speed of convergence renders it competitive in various standard applications, even in the case of burst mode transmission systems. Finally, the novel blind MI-DFE has been successfully tested on underwater acoustic communications signals, in a very severe context. The results are clearly convincing.
The roles of His-64, Tyr-103, Tyr-146, and Tyr-151 in the epoxidation of styrene and beta-methylstyrene by recombinant sperm whale myoglobin. (1993)

Previous studies demonstrated that at least two mechanisms are involved in the epoxidation of styrene and stilbene by myoglobin and H2O2 (Ortiz de Montellano, P. R., and Catalano, C. E. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 9265-9271). One mechanism, reaction of the olefin with the ferryl oxygen, preserves the olefin stereochemistry and incorporates an oxygen from H2O2 into the epoxide. The second mechanism, proposed to be a protein-mediated co-oxidation process, results in loss of stereochemistry and incorporation of an atom of molecular oxygen. To examine the role of individual residues in olefin epoxidation, we have examined the catalytic activities of the possible Tyr-->Phe mutants, the His-64-->Val mutant, and a protein combining all the tyrosine and histidine mutations. The latter protein is less stable than the other mutants and is the only one for which a protein radical is not detected in the reaction with H2O2. The Km and Vmax for styrene epoxidation range, respectively, from 0.3-8 mM and 12-35 pmol/min/nmol of protein. Incubation with H(2)18O2 results in 20-30% incorporation of labeled oxygen into the epoxide with all the mutants except Y103F/Y151F, Y146F/Y151F, H64V, and H64V/Y103F/Y146F/Y151F, for which 52, 58, 89, and 96% of the epoxide oxygen, respectively, is labeled. Oxidation of cis-beta-methylstyrene by wild-type myoglobin yielded a 54:46 ratio of cis- and trans-beta-methylstyrene oxides. The cis-isomer accounts for 47-100% of the epoxide produced by the mutant hemoproteins, with the two H64V mutants yielding almost exclusively the cis-epoxide. The oxygen in the cis-epoxide derives primarily or exclusively from H2O2 and that in the trans-epoxide from an alternative source. These results indicate that tyrosine residues may participate in, but are not essential for, protein-mediated epoxidation. In contrast, His-64 appears to be essential for co-oxidative epoxidation because in its absence olefin epoxidation is mediated almost exclusively by ferryl oxygen transfer.
High-Voltage and Low-Leakage-Current Gate Recessed Normally-Off GaN MIS-HEMTs With Dual Gate Insulator Employing PEALD-${\rm SiN}_{x}$/RF-Sputtered-${\rm HfO}_{2}$ (2014)

To fabricate gate recessed normally-off AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor high electron mobility transistors, we have employed a novel SiNx/HfO2 dual gate insulator. A plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) technique was used for very thin high quality SiNx (5 nm) as an interfacial layer followed by RF-sputtered HfO2 as a high- k dielectric for the second gate insulator structure. The PEALD SiNx interfacial layer effectively suppresses the forward gate leakage current and the current collapse. We have achieved excellent characteristics such as large threshold voltage of 1.65 V, high breakdown voltage of 900 V, extremely small off-state drain leakage current less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-9</sup> A/mm and high ON/OFF drain current ratio of ~ 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> , low on-state resistance of 1.84 mΩ·cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and small subthreshold slope of 85 mV/decade.
Seed Priming with Carbon Nanomaterials Improves the Bioactive Compounds of Tomato Plants under Saline Stress (2022)

The consumption of food with a high content of bioactive compounds is correlated with the prevention of chronic degenerative diseases. Tomato is a food with exceptional nutraceutical value; however, saline stress severely affects the yield, the quality of fruits, and the agricultural productivity of this crop. Recent studies have shown that seed priming can mitigate or alleviate the negative effects caused by this type of stress. However, the use of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) in this technique has not been tested for this purpose. In the present study, the effects of tomato seed priming with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene (GP) (50, 250, and 500 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) and two controls (not sonicated and sonicated) were evaluated based on the content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves; the physicochemical parameters of the fruits; and the presence of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds, carotenoids, and stress biomarkers such as hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves and fruits of tomato plants without saline stress and with saline stress (50 mM NaCl). The results show that saline stress in combination with CNTs and GP increased the content of chlorophylls (9.1-21.7%), ascorbic acid (19.5%), glutathione (≈13%), proteins (9.9-11.9%), and phenols (14.2%) on the leaves. The addition of CNTs and GP increased the activity of enzymes (CAT, APX, GPX, and PAL). Likewise, there was also a slight increase in the content of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (by 20.5%) and MDA (3.7%) in the leaves. Salinity affected the quality of tomato fruits. The physico-chemical parameters and bioactive compounds in both the stressed and non-stressed tomato plants were modified with the addition of CNTs and GP. Higher contents of total soluble solids (25.9%), phenols (up to 144.85%), flavonoids (up to 37.63%), ascorbic acid (≈28%), and lycopene (12.4-36.2%) were observed. The addition of carbon nanomaterials by seed priming in tomato plants subjected to saline stress modifies the content of bioactive compounds in tomato fruits and improves the antioxidant defense system, suggesting possible protection of the plant from the negative impacts of stress by salinity. However, analysis of the mechanism of action of CNMs through seed priming, in greater depth is suggested, perhaps with the use of omics sciences.
The Role of Endothelin inEarly Renal Cortical Reperfusionin Renal Transplantation (2000)

The role of specific endothelin receptors in the early renal reperfusion and long-term survival in renal transplantation was investigated in Lewis rats. Left renal transplantation was performed following 2 h cold ischaemia without and with ET(A) receptor antagonism and following 16 h cold ischaemia with no treatment, with ET(A) receptor antagonism and with ET(B) receptor antagonism. The ET(A) and ET(B) receptor antagonists, BQ-610 and A-192621 respectively, were added to the preservation solution. Renal cortical perfusion (RCP) was measured postoperatively using laser Doppler flowmetry. All rats in the 2-hour groups survived for 15 days. Animals in the untreated 16-hour group or in the A-192621-treated group died between days 3 and 6 after surgery. Fifty percent of the rats in the 16-hour and BQ-610-treated group died between days 4 and 7 after surgery while the other 50% survived for 15 days. Survival rates correlated well with both the postoperative serum creatinine and the recovery of RCP. We conclude that addition of an ET(A) receptor antagonist to the preservation solution improves renal reperfusion and long-term survival following prolonged ischaemia, whereas ET(B) receptor antagonism does neither.
Die funktion von hautersatz bei der behandlung nicht heilender wunden (1999)

Non-healing wounds like venous-, arterial-, and diabetic ulcers are widespread and form a source of great discomfort, pain and disability in many patients. The health care costs mad e in managing these chronic skin defects are substantial. In this article various skin substitution methods for nonhealing wounds are reviewed and their advantages and limitations discussed. Products which are already on the market are weighed up the pros en cons. Firstly, wound coverage with autologous and allogeneic cultured epithelium is reviewed. The next part is focussed on 'full skin equivalents', combining cultured epithelium with: 1) porous collagenous substitutes, according to Yannas, 2) collagen lattices, according to Bell, 3) de- epidermidised dermis, according to Cuono and 4) non collagenous skin substitutes. The final part is focussed on new and possible future developments in skin substitution related research like genetically modified tissue and xenograft transplantation.
Hysteroscopic Complications (2022)

Operative Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive, safe and well tolerated procedure. Prevention of complications is crucial for patient care. The complication rate in diagnostic hysteroscopy is low 0.012%. Complications from operative hysteroscopy are more common and potentially more serious. These risks are highest with more complex hysteroscopic procedures like myomectomy and adhesiolysis. Complications of Operative Hysteroscopy can be early or late complications. Early include anesthetic complications, complications of distention media, cervical trauma, haemorrhage, perforation, and air embolism. Late ones are infections, adhesions. As Hysteroscopy continues to become popular, the importance of preventing, identifying, and managing complications is of utmost importance. Some problems are inherent in operative hysteroscopy, but large number of complications can be prevented by proper preoperative evaluation and surgical techniques. Appropriate training programmes and expertise are key to safe and successful hysteroscopy.
MicroRNA-130a Is Elevated in Thyroid Eye Disease and Increases Lipid Accumulation in Fibroblasts Through the Suppression of AMPK (2021)

These data suggest that when Thy1- OFs accumulate in TED, miR-130a levels increase, leading to a decrease in AMPK activity. Decreased AMPK activity promotes lipid accumulation in TED OFs, leading to excessive fatty tissue accumulation in the orbit.
Adaptive all-order dispersion compensation of ultrafast laser pulses using dynamic spectral holography (1999)

The time-varying dispersion of ultrafast laser pulses can be self-adaptively stabilized using real-time dynamic spectral holography in semiconductor photorefractive quantum wells. Dispersion of all orders is compensated by forming a dynamic spectral-domain hologram of a signal pulse (that has a time-varying dispersion) referenced to a stable clock pulse. The hologram is read out using forward-scattering phase conjugation to remove phase distortion to all orders, including drift in the time of flight. We have achieved adaptive cancellation of time-of-flight excursions up to ±15 ps to an accuracy of ±15 fs with a compensation bandwidth of 1 kHz.
A DIFFERENTIAL BROTH FOR SEPARATING THE LACTIC STREPTOCOCCI1 (1971)

Arginine degradation and citrate utilization, the major differentiating characteristics among lactic streptococci, formed the basis of a differential broth for separating Streptococcus cremoris, Streptococcus lactis, and Streptococcus diacetilactis strains in pure cultures. The medium contains milk as the sole source of carbohydrate (lactose), arginine and sodium citrate as specific substrates, and a suitable pH indicator (bromcresol purple), in addition to other ingredients. The pH of the medium is adjusted to 6.2 ± 0.05 (which becomes 6.15 ± 0.05 after sterilization) to increase citrate utilization and the broth is dispensed into test tubes containing Durham fermentation tubes. Streptococcus cremoris produces a yellow reaction (acid) in the broth. Streptococcus lactis initially turns the broth yellow, but on liberation of NH3 reverses the color back to the original violet hue. Streptococcus diacetilactis produces a violet reaction, and CO2 accumulates in the Durham fermentation tubes from the fermentation of sodium citrate.
Recognition of human urine α-N-acetylglucosaminidase by rat hepatocytes. Involvement of receptors specific for galactose, mannose 6-phosphate and mannose (1979)

Adsorptive endocytosis of alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase from human urine by isolated rat hepatocytes is inhibited by glycoproteins, polysaccharides and sugars that are known to bind to cell-surface receptors specific for either terminal galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine residues, terminal mannose residues or mannose 6-phosphate residues. Recognition of alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase by a cell-surface receptor specific for terminal galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine residues is supported by the observations (a) that neuraminidase pretreatment of the enzyme enhances endocytosis, (b) that beta-galactosidase treatment decreases endocytosis and (c) that neuraminidase pretreatment of hepatocytes decreases alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase endocytosis. Recognition of alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase via receptors recognizing mannose 6-phosphate residues is lost after treatment of the enzyme with alkaline phosphatase and endoglucosaminidase H. The effect of endoglucosaminidase H supports the view that the mannose 6-phosphate residues reside in N-glycosidically linked oligosaccharide side chains of the high-mannose type. The weak inhibition of endocytosis produced by compounds known to interact with cell-surface receptors specific for mannose residues suggests that this recognition system plays only a minor role in the endocytosis of lysosomal alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase by hepatocytes.
Multiparametric Homogeneous Method for Identification of Ligand Binding to G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Receptor–Ligand Binding and β-Arrestin Assay (2013)

Two homogeneous assay systems have been combined to provide a new cell-based functional assay. The assay can be used to identify ligand binding to β(2)-adrenergic receptors, but also the downstream response can be determined in the same assay. Both the quenching resonance energy transfer (QRET) and the DiscoveRx PathHunter assay formats allow the use of intact cells. The homogeneous QRET technique is a single-label approach based on nonspecific quenching of the time-resolved luminescence, enabling agonist and antagonist receptor binding measurements. The commercial PathHunter assay is in turn based on enzyme fragment complementation, which can be detected on the basis of chemiluminescence signal. In the PathHunter technology the enzyme complementation is recorded immediately downstream of agonist-induced receptor activation. The new multiparametric detection technology combines these two assay methods enabling the identification of agonist, and antagonist binding to the receptor, and the agonist-induced response. Using the QRET and the PathHunter methods a panel of β(2)-adrenergic receptor ligands (epinephrine, terbutaline, metaproterenol, salmeterol, propranolol, alprenolol, bisoprolol, ICI 118,551, and bucindolol) was tested to prove the assay performance. The signal-to-background ratio for tested ligands ranged from 5 to 11 and from 6 to 18 with QRET and PathHunter, respectively. Combined homogeneous assay technique can provide an informative method for screening purposes and an efficient way to monitor receptor-ligand interaction, thus separating agonist from antagonist.
Parasympathetic denervation of the ciliary muscle following panretinal photocoagulation (1991)

Cynomolgus monkeys underwent unilateral panretinal scatter photocoagulation (PRP) and/or nasal and temporal horizontal retinal meridional photocoagulation (HRMP) with xenon arc or argon or krypton laser light. Shortly thereafter, in the PRP-treated eyes, accommodative responsiveness to topical eserine and electrical stimulation of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EWN) was diminished, accommodative responsiveness to intramuscular (i.m.) pilocarpine was enhanced, and the number of muscarinic receptors in the ciliary muscle was reduced compared to the contralateral controls. In most instances, these parameters returned to normal over 6-12 wks and the abnormalities could be induced again by another round of PRP. However, in some PRP-treated eyes, accommodative responsiveness to EWN stimulation and topical eserine remained subnormal permanently (greater than 1 yr). Shortly after HRMP alone, accommodative responses to i.m. pilocarpine, topical eserine, and central stimulation did not differ markedly in the treated and control eyes. Morphologic studies 1 to 78 wk following PRP revealed that myelinated and unmyelinated nerves within the entire circumference of the choroid and ciliary muscle were severely damaged early on. The number of unmyelinated nerves between the individual ciliary muscle fibers was drastically reduced, those which remained were swollen or deteriorated, and agranular synaptic vesicles were rarely seen. Thereafter, the nerves in the choroid and ciliary muscle gradually regenerated. Following HRMP, only the choroidal nerves which passed through the photocoagulated areas and the ciliary muscle nerves in the corresponding meridians showed signs of deterioration, and there was minimal effect on the physiologic responses examined. These findings collectively indicate that intraocular parasympathetic denervation of the ciliary muscle is produced by PRP, although all nerve types are likely damaged.
Transgenic Plants Expressing Geminivirus Movement Proteins: Abnormal Phenotypes and Delayed Infection by Tomato mottle virus in Transgenic Tomatoes Expressing the Bean dwarf mosaic virus BV1 or BC1 Proteins (2000)

Transgenic tomato plants expressing wild-type or mutated BV1 or BC1 movement proteins from Bean dwarf mosaic virus (BDMV) were generated and examined for phenotypic effects and resistance to Tomato mottle virus (ToMoV). Fewer transgenic plants were recovered with the wild-type or mutated BC1 genes, compared with the wild-type or mutated BV1 genes. Transgenic tomato plants expressing the wild-type or mutated BV1 proteins appeared normal. Interestingly, although BDMV induces only a symptomless infection in tomato (i.e., BDMV is not well adapted to tomato), transgenic tomato plants expressing the BDMV BC1 protein showed a viral disease-like phenotype (i.e., stunted growth, and leaf mottling, curling, and distortion). This suggests that the symptomless phenotype of BDMV in tomato is not due to a host-specific defect in the BC1 protein. One transgenic line expressing the BC1 gene did not show the viral disease-like phenotype. This was associated with a deletion in the 3' region of the gene, which resulted in expression of a truncated BC1 protein. Several R0 plants, expressing either wild-type or mutated BV1 or BC1 proteins, showed a significant delay in ToMoV infection, compared with non-transformed plants. R1 progeny plants also showed a significant delay in ToMoV infection, but this delay was less than that in the R0 parents. These results also demonstrate that expression of viral movement proteins, in transgenic plants, can have deleterious effects on various aspects of plant development.
Delay-interferometer-based optical pulse generator (2004)

We demonstrate a chirp-free optical pulse generator using a phase modulator and a delay interferometer. Both 33% duty cycle RZ and 67% duty cycle CSRZ pulses are generated with a repetition rate of 40 GHz.
Analysis of wintertime atmospheric moisture transport and its variability over southern Europe in the NCEP Reanalyses (2003)

CR Climate Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials CR 23:195-215 (2003) - doi:10.3354/cr023195 Analysis of wintertime atmospheric moisture transport and its variability over southern Europe in the NCEP Reanalyses Jesús Fernández1,*, Jon Sáenz1, Eduardo Zorita2 1Depto. Física Aplicada II, Universidad del País Vasco, Apdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain 2GKSS Research Centre, Institute of Hydrophysics, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany *Email: chus@wm.lc.ehu.es ABSTRACT: A common analysis of instrumental monthly precipitation records and 6 h meteorological Reanalysis from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) was performed to diagnose the main modes of tropospheric, vertically integrated moisture transport over the Mediterranean basin and southern Europe. The moisture transport and its variability at each grid point and at the boundaries of the domain were quantified. Quantities such as the standard deviation of filtered geopotential height, one-point correlation maps and Z300-Z500 and Z500-Z700 thicknesses, related to the intensity and typical paths of baroclinic disturbances, were also computed to help in the interpretation of the results. It is clear that the leading mode of Mediterranean precipitation has its roots in the dynamics of the Atlantic storm track and the associated moisture transports. The second mode represents the internal redistribution of moisture inside the Mediterranean basin. Moisture is supplied to the atmosphere in the western Mediterranean, and this moisture is transported and precipitates over the eastern Mediterranean (mainly Turkey and Greece). Finally, the third mode depends on the role of European topography as a blocking factor for westerly moisture transport advected from the North Atlantic region. KEY WORDS: Mediterranean · Southern Europe · Precipitation · Variability · Winter · Moisture Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in CR Vol. 23, No. 3. Online publication date: April 10, 2003 Print ISSN: 0936-577X; Online ISSN: 1616-1572 Copyright © 2003 Inter-Research.