gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Addison's disease secondary to metastatic carcinoma: An example of adrenocortical and adrenomedullary insufficiency (1973)

Adrenal insufficiency developed in a 42-year-old woman with carcinoma of the lung. Adrenocortical production was assessed by the excretory rates of mineral-ocorticoids (aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone), glucocorticoids (17-hydroxysteroids), and 17-ketosteroids, while adrenomedullary production was assessed by the excretory rate of epinephrine. Additionally, plasma cortisol was measured before and after adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) stimulation, and urinary epinephrine was determined before and after insulin-induced hypo-glycemia. These studies revealed a reduction in adrenocortical and adrenomedullary excretion as well as an absence of adrenocortical and adrenomedullary reserve. Seven other cases of adrenal insufficiency secondary to metastatic carcinoma were found in the literature in which steroid studies documented the diagnosis. These cases are reviewed and compared to the present case. Although carcinoma frequently metastasizes to the adrenal, development of adrenal insufficiency is rare and recognition occurs even less frequently.
Caffe con Troll: Shallow Ideas to Speed Up Deep Learning (2015)

We present Caffe con Troll (CcT), a fully compatible end-to-end version of the popular framework Caffe with rebuilt internals. We built CcT to examine the performance characteristics of training and deploying general-purpose convolutional neural networks across different hardware architectures. We find that, by employing standard batching optimizations for CPU training, we achieve a 4.5x throughput improvement over Caffe on popular networks like CaffeNet. Moreover, with these improvements, the end-to-end training time for CNNs is directly proportional to the FLOPS delivered by the CPU, which enables us to efficiently train hybrid CPU-GPU systems for CNNs.
Concurrent MEK2 Mutation and BRAF Amplification Confer Resistance to BRAF and MEK Inhibitors in Melanoma (2013)

Although BRAF and MEK inhibitors have proven clinical benefits in melanoma, most patients develop resistance. We report a de novo MEK2-Q60P mutation and BRAF gain in a melanoma from a patient who progressed on the MEK inhibitor trametinib and did not respond to the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib. We also identified the same MEK2-Q60P mutation along with BRAF amplification in a xenograft tumor derived from a second melanoma patient resistant to the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib. Melanoma cells chronically exposed to trametinib acquired concurrent MEK2-Q60P mutation and BRAF-V600E amplification, which conferred resistance to MEK and BRAF inhibitors. The resistant cells had sustained MAPK activation and persistent phosphorylation of S6K. A triple combination of dabrafenib, trametinib, and the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor GSK2126458 led to sustained tumor growth inhibition. Hence, concurrent genetic events that sustain MAPK signaling can underlie resistance to both BRAF and MEK inhibitors, requiring novel therapeutic strategies to overcome it.
Geometría euclidiana, elementos básicos (2009)

Adult adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) constitute a vital population of multipotent cells capable of differentiating into numerous end-organ phenotypes. However, scientific and translational endeavors to harness the regenerative potential of ASCs are currently limited by an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms that determine cell-lineage commitment and stemness. In the current study, we used reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) analysis to identify epigenetic gene targets and cellular processes that are responsive to 5'-azacitidine (5'-AZA). We describe specific changes to DNA methylation of ASCs, uncovering pathways likely associated with the enhancement of their proliferative capacity. We identified 4,797 differentially methylated regions (FDR < 0.05) associated with 3,625 genes, of which 1,584 DMRs annotated to the promoter region. Gene set enrichment of differentially methylated promoters identified "phagocytosis," "type 2 diabetes," and "metabolic pathways" as disproportionately hypomethylated, whereas "adipocyte differentiation" was the most-enriched pathway among hyper-methylated gene promoters. Weighted coexpression network analysis of DMRs identified clusters associated with cellular proliferation and other developmental programs. Furthermore, the ELK4 binding site was disproportionately hyper-methylated within the promoters of genes associated with AKT signaling. Overall, this study offers numerous preliminary insights into the epigenetic landscape that influences the regenerative capacity of human ASCs.
Pulse activation: reducing resin-based composite contraction stresses at the enamel cavosurface margins. (1999)

The surface hardnesses of both the 40 s@600 mW/cm2 group and the 40 s@100 mW/cm2 group developed at nearly the same rate. The surface hardness of the pulse activated group developed appreciably slower. The diametral tensile strengths of all three groups were not significantly different. There was significantly less dye penetration with the use of the lower power density but there was very little leakage noted with the pulse-activated group. It is believed that this is the result of a prolonged gel state, which allowed flow to occur in the resin-based composite. There is significant clinical potential for the use of pulse activation of light-cured resin-based composite materials.
Anterior Lens Capsulotomy Using the Holmium YAG Laser in Pig Cadaver Eyes (1992)

Anterior lens capsulotomy was performed on pig cadaver eyes using the evaporation and coagulation functions of the holmium YAG laser. Laser energy ranging from 50 to 80 mJ was delivered to the lens-capsule surface by a 26-gauge fiber-optic quartz needle probe. In eight of 10 eyes, a tear-free, 4.0-millimeter-diameter circular capsulotomy was achieved, through which endocapsular phacoemulsification and aspiration were performed and a posterior chamber intraocular lens with a 6.5-millimeter-diameter optic was placed inside the lens capsule. Throughout the procedure, capsular integrity was maintained in all eight eyes, with no tearing at the capsular margin.
Dynamics of Bean Dwarf Mosaic Geminivirus Cell-to-Cell and Long-Distance Movement in Phaseolus vulgaris Revealed, Using the Green Fluorescent Protein (1998)

The cell-to-cell and long-distance movement of the bipartite geminivirus, bean dwarf mosaic (BDMV), in Phaseolus vulgaris plants was examined with the noninvasive reporter, the green fluorescent protein (GFP). A modified GFP gene (mGFP4) was inserted into the BDMV DNA-A component in place of the coat protein gene (BDMVA-mGFP4), and particle bombardment was used to introduce viral DNA into bean seedlings (radicle and hypocotyl tissues). Fluorescence analysis of GFP expressed from BDMVA-mGFP4 established that particle bombardment introduced viral DNA only into epidermal cells, and the requirement for the DNA-B-encoded proteins (BV1 and BC1) in the cell-to-cell movement of BDMVA-mGFP4. This GFP reporter system was used to follow the viral infection process from the seedling stage throughout the entire plant life cycle. In inoculated hypocotyls, BDMV moved from cell to cell through the cortex and showed a striking phloem tropism. Upon entry into phloem tissues, BDMV moved rapidly toward the root via the long-distance transport system, and toward the shoot apex by a combination of cell-to-cell and long-distance movement. Analysis of GFP distribution in systemically infected tissues revealed that BDMV was restricted to phloem cells in both roots and stems. In systemically infected primary and trifoliolate leaves, BDMV infected phloem cells associated with all vein orders (first through fifth), and the capacity of BDMV to exit from phloem tissue into nonphloem cells was correlated with the stage of plant development. Finally, fluorescence analysis of GFP in reproductive tissues established that BDMV infected flower, pod, and seed-coat tissues, but was excluded from the embryo.
Intrapulmonary solitary fibrous tumor in an eight-year-old male (2005)

We describe an 8-year-old male who had an intrapulmonary solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). SFTs of the pleura are now thought to originate from subpleural mesenchymal cells, and a pathological diagnosis is obtained by a specific marker, i.e., CD34 expression on the tumor cells. The SFT reported here is an extremely rare phenotype in two respects: it originated in a child under age 10 years, and it expanded in an intrapulmonary fashion.
Boron and Phosphorous Doping of GeSn for Photodetectors and Light Emitting Diodes (2020)

With an electrically pumped group IV laser operating at room temperature as a long term goal, we would like to replace the boron and phosphorous doped Ge layers used in previous pin structures with GeSn:B and GeSn:P. We have thus investigated the in-situ doping of GeSn with Ge 2 H 6 , SnCl 4 , B 2 H 6 (p-type) or PH 3 (n-type) at 349°C, 100 Torr on Ge Strain-relaxed Buffers, themselves on Si(001) substrates. The Sn content from Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) was constant around 6.5% for low F(B 2 H 6 )/F(Ge 2 H 6 ) and F(PH 3 )/2*F(Ge 2 H 6 ) Mass-Flow Ratios (MFRs). It fell down to 4.6% (GeSn:B) and 5.6% (GeSn:P) for higher MFRs. This drop was likely due to the dopant precursors that catalyzed the Ge Growth Rate component. Substitutional B and P contents were extracted from the differences between real Sn contents from WDXRF and “apparent” Sn contents from X-Ray Diffraction (compressive strain compensation by small B and P atoms). The B substitutional concentrations increased sub linearly with the MFR, reaching values of at most 5.2x10 19 cm -3 . Meanwhile, the P substitutional concentration increased linearly with the MFR, up to 2.2x10 20 cm -3 . WDXRF gave us also access to the atomic P concentrations, with values as high as 2.2x10 20 cm -3 A cross-hatch along &lt;110&gt; was otherwise present on the surface of the various GeSn:B and GeSn:P layers, which were rather smooth. Only the GeSn:B layers grown at the three highest MFRs exhibited some B and/or Sn surface segregation.
Enabling Collaborative data sharing in Google+ (2012)

Most of existing online social networks, such as Facebook and Twitter, are designed to bias towards information disclosure to a large audience. Google recently launched a new social network platform, Google+. By introducing the notion of `circles', Google+ enables users to selectively share data with specific groups within their personal network, rather than sharing with all of their social connections at once. Although Google+ can help mitigate the gap between the individuals' expectations and their actual privacy settings, it still only allows a single user to restrict access to her/his data but cannot provide any mechanism to enforce privacy concerns over data associated with multiple users. In this paper, we propose an approach to facilitate collaborative privacy management of shared data in Google+. We extend and formulate a multiparty access control model, named MPAC+, to capture the essence of collaborative authorization requirements in Google+, along with a multiparty policy specification scheme and a policy enforcement mechanism. We also discuss a proof-of-concept prototype of our approach and describe system evaluation and usability study of our prototype.
Feasibility of Continuous Long-Term Glucose Monitoring from a Subcutaneous Glucose Sensor in Humans (2004)

The feasibility of continuous long-term glucose monitoring in humans has not yet been demonstrated. Enzyme-based electrochemical glucose sensors with telemetric output were subcutaneously implanted and evaluated in five human subjects with type I diabetes. Subject-worn radio-receiver data-loggers stored sensor outputs. Every 1-4 weeks the subject's glucose levels were manipulated through the full clinical range of interest using standard protocols. Reference blood glucose samples were obtained every 5-10 min and analyzed in our hospital clinical laboratory and/or on glucose meters. The sensor data were evaluated versus the reference data by linear least squares regression and by the Clarke Error Grid method. After surgical explantation and device inspection, the tissue-sensor interface was evaluated histologically. The remaining sensor-membranes were also recalibrated for comparison with preimplant performance. Four of the five glucose sensors tracked glucose in vivo. One sensor responded to manipulated glucose changes for 6.2 months with clinically useful performance (>/=90% of sensor glucose values within the A and B regions of the Clarke Error Grid). For this sensor, recalibration was required every 1-4 weeks. The other three transiently responding sensors had electronic problems associated with packaging failure. The remaining sensor never tracked glucose because of failure to form any sustained connection to adjacent subcutaneous tissue. Thus, stable, clinically useful sensor performance was demonstrated in one of five subjects with diabetes for a sustained interval of greater than 6 months. While this glucose sensor implant technology shows promise in humans, it needs to be made more reliable and robust with respect to device packaging and sensor-tissue connection.
The Polite Press Release - Politeness in English/Japanese press releases following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear accident (2012)

This essay attempts to distinguish differences in politeness in Japanese and English press releases, with a specific focus on TEPCO and BP in the aftermath of their respective environmental disasters. Through the use of discourse analysis, PR theory and the Brown and Levinson politeness model I find that the Japanese press releases favour negative politeness, whereas the English favour positive politeness. After having accounted for the use of keigo in the Japanese press releases, it concludes that they are the more polite press releases. It further considers the potential impact of this on the perception of the business, suggesting several alternative outcomes.
Present status and future prospects of discharge-pumped excimer lasers. (1988)

The present technical status and an understanding of the discharge-pumped rare-gas halide excimers are reviewed. Much emphasis is placed on the energy scaling of the discharge-pumped XeCl lasers, long pulse excimer lasers and high efficiency operation of excimer lasers. The problems to be solved are presented along with the future prospect s of the discharge pumped excimer lasers.
Mouse Lysozyme Production by a Monocytoma: Isolation and Comparison with Other Lysozymes (1970)

A transplantable mouse tumor, GPC-11, produces large amounts of lysozyme. The tumor is a reticulum cell sarcoma, type A, and is a neoplasm of monocytes. The lysozyme was purified from mouse urine in quantities sufficient for structural analysis. Comparison of mouse lysozyme with lysozymes from; chicken egg white and patients with monocytic leukemia reveals similarities in size and electrophoretic mobility and, with human lysozyme, in functional properties; but considerable differences are found in antigenic characteristics and amino acid composition.
100th anniversary of virology. (1995)

A short review of the beginnings of virology is presented, when Beijerinck formulated his concept of a new category of disease agents in plants. With the discovery of similar etiologies in diseases of animals (foot-and-mouth disease) and humans (yellow fever), the universality of this concept emerged and the discipline of virology was born.
Real-time human-robot interaction in complex environment using kinect v2 image recognition (2015)

This paper presents real-time interaction between 7-DOF KUKA robotic arm and any untrained human operator using Kinect V2. Kinect sensor is utilized to detect human body joints and mono color object to be grasped, using HSL-XYZ algorithm. By moving hand holding simple object such as a ball, operator can make KUKA robot follow the expected trajectory and fulfill pass-and-place tasks. One hand of operator is followed by KUKA, while the pose of the other arm commands the gripper to move, grasp, release and place. Experiments proved our advantages that Human-Robot Interaction is more robust, easier and more intuitive for human, with lower requirements for sensor; and is a novel solution for industries and life. Client - server application using UDP protocol is performed to transmit and receive real-time control and feedback data.
There Is No Magic Fruit Fly Trap: Multiple Biological Factors Influence the Response of Adult <I>Anastrepha ludens</I> and <I>Anastrepha obliqua</I> (Diptera: Tephritidae) Individuals to MultiLure Traps Baited With BioLure or NuLure (2009)

Field-cage experiments were performed to determine the effectiveness of MultiLure traps (Better World MFG Inc., Fresno, CA) baited with NuLure (Miller Chemical and Fertilizer Corp., Hanover, PA) or BioLure (Suterra LLC, Inc., Bend, OR) in capturing individually marked Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew), and West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) (Diptera: Tephritidae), of both sexes. Experimental treatments involved wild and laboratory-reared flies of varying ages (2-4 and 15-18 d) and dietary histories (sugar only, open fruit, open fruit plus chicken feces, and hydrolyzed protein mixed with sugar). Data were divided into two parts: total captures over a 24-h period and trap visits/landings, entrances into interior of trap ,and effective captures (i.e., drowning in liquid bait or water) over a 5-h detailed observation period (0600-1100 hours). The response to the two baits varied by fly species, gender, physiological state, age, and strain. Importantly, there were several highly significant interactions among these factors, underlining the complex nature of the response. The two baits differed in attractiveness for A. obliqua but not A. ludens. The effect of strain (wild versus laboratory flies) was significant for A. ludens but not A. obliqua. For effect of dietary history, adults of both species, irrespective of sex, were significantly less responsive to both baits when fed on a mixture of protein and sugar when compared with adults fed the other diets. Finally, we confirmed previous observations indicating that McPhail-type traps are quite inefficient. Considering the total 24-h fly tenure in the cage, and independent of bait treatment and fly type (i.e., strain, adult diet, gender and age), of a total of 2,880 A. obliqua and 2,880 A. ludens adults released into the field cages over the entire study (15 replicates), only 564 (19.6%) and 174 (6%) individuals, respectively, were effectively caught. When only considering the 5-h detailed observation period and independent of bait treatment and fly type, of a total of 785 marked flies that landed on traps (519 females and 266 males, respectively), only 10.3% (144 females and 59 males) and 20.8% (25 females and 18 males) A. obliqua and A. ludens individuals, respectively, ended up being effectively captured. We discuss the practical implications of these findings with respect to developing new baits and designing new traps and to the interpretation of capture results in the field.
Arabinosylcytosine‐induced accumulation of DNA nicks in myotube nuclei detected by in situ nick translation (1990)

This laboratory has recently reported the occurrence of DNA nicking at the onset of terminal skeletal myogenesis by using the technique of in situ nick translation (Dawson and Lough: Dev. Biol., 127:362-367, 1988). Because 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (araC), a cytocidal agent that is routinely used to removed dividing fibroblasts from myogenic cultures, inhibits DNA repair, it was of interest to determine whether araC treatment resulted in an accumulation of the endogenously created nicks. Thus, we have assessed the accumulation of DNA nicks in myotube cells during a 20 hour araC treatment period at the onset of terminal myogenesis (44-64 hours in vitro) by using three techniques: alkaline sucrose gradient density centrifugation, kinetic in situ nick translation, and cellular in situ nick translation. Although alkaline sucrose gradient centrifugation revealed no detectable nicking after 20 hours, kinetic in situ nick translation analysis revealed subtle but significant increases in DNA nicks caused by araC within 7 hours of drug application, and a 1.5-fold increase in DNA repair sites after 20 hours of drug treatment. That these observations reflected nicking specifically in myotube nuclei was determined by immunocytochemical localization of nicked sites after repair with a biotinylated nucleotide analog (biotin-11-dUTP). The effects of araC were only incompletely reversible, whether or not the drug was removed from the cultures, within 2 days of the treatment period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Structure, Dynamics, and Kinetics of Weak Protein–Protein Complexes from NMR Spin Relaxation Measurements of Titrated Solutions (2011)

Unsichtbares sichtbar machen: Schwache Wechselwirkungen zwischen Proteinmolekülen spielen eine wichtige Rolle in vielen grundlegenden biologischen Prozessen. Doch kurzlebige und ultraschwache Komplexe können mit vielen biophysikalischen Methoden nicht im Detail untersucht werden, wohl aber mit einer Methode, die auf der Messung von 15N-Relaxationsgeschwindigkeiten beruht (siehe Bild; Dzz=Diffusionstensor). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Spotting the Difference: Context Retrieval and Analysis for Improved\n Forgery Detection and Localization (2017)

As image tampering becomes ever more sophisticated and commonplace, the need\nfor image forensics algorithms that can accurately and quickly detect forgeries\ngrows. In this paper, we revisit the ideas of image querying and retrieval to\nprovide clues to better localize forgeries. We propose a method to perform\nlarge-scale image forensics on the order of one million images using the help\nof an image search algorithm and database to gather contextual clues as to\nwhere tampering may have taken place. In this vein, we introduce five new\nstrongly invariant image comparison methods and test their effectiveness under\nheavy noise, rotation, and color space changes. Lastly, we show the\neffectiveness of these methods compared to passive image forensics using Nimble\n[https://www.nist.gov/itl/iad/mig/nimble-challenge], a new, state-of-the-art\ndataset from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).\n