gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Humidity effects on (001) BaTiO3 single crystal surface water adsorption (2011)

Water adsorption on (001) BaTiO3 single crystal surface under varying relative humidity conditions was studied by ab initio calculations and scanning probe microscopy utilizing different operation modes. At 95% relative humidity water droplets nucleated only on c domains, preferential adsorption location for water dipoles. BaTiO3 (001) surface long 65% relative humidity exposure lead to no contrast between a and c domains observed by electrostatic force microscopy. Ab initio calculations confirm that water molecules prefer to adsorb on c domains due to their higher surface energy.
Novel writing technique of long and highly reflectivein-fibre gratings (1994)

A novel method for writing fibre Bragg gratings is introduced. The method consists of translating a UV beam along the fibre through a phase mask. Because the phase mask and the fibre are held together, the phase of the interference pattern generated by the mask is not altered when the beam is translated along the mask. Gratings up to 1.5 cm long, limited by the mask dimensions, and with 98.5% reflection have been written in that way.
CS23D: a web server for rapid protein structure generation using NMR chemical shifts and sequence data (2008)

CS23D (chemical shift to 3D structure) is a web server for rapidly generating accurate 3D protein structures using only assigned nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shifts and sequence data as input. Unlike conventional NMR methods, CS23D requires no NOE and/or J-coupling data to perform its calculations. CS23D accepts chemical shift files in either SHIFTY or BMRB formats, and produces a set of PDB coordinates for the protein in about 10-15 min. CS23D uses a pipeline of several preexisting programs or servers to calculate the actual protein structure. Depending on the sequence similarity (or lack thereof) CS23D uses either (i) maximal subfragment assembly (a form of homology modeling), (ii) chemical shift threading or (iii) shift-aided de novo structure prediction (via Rosetta) followed by chemical shift refinement to generate and/or refine protein coordinates. Tests conducted on more than 100 proteins from the BioMagResBank indicate that CS23D converges (i.e. finds a solution) for >95% of protein queries. These chemical shift generated structures were found to be within 0.2-2.8 A RMSD of the NMR structure generated using conventional NOE-base NMR methods or conventional X-ray methods. The performance of CS23D is dependent on the completeness of the chemical shift assignments and the similarity of the query protein to known 3D folds. CS23D is accessible at http://www.cs23d.ca.
From image descriptions to visual denotations: New similarity metrics for semantic inference over event descriptions (2014)

We propose to use the visual denotations of linguistic expressions (i.e. the set of images they describe) to define novel denotational similarity metrics, which we show to be at least as beneficial as distributional similarities for two tasks that require semantic inference. To compute these denotational similarities, we construct a denotation graph, i.e. a subsumption hierarchy over constituents and their denotations, based on a large corpus of 30K images and 150K descriptive captions.
Reconstruction of critical‐size segmental defects in rat femurs using carbonate apatite honeycomb scaffolds (2021)

Critical-size segmental defects are formidable challenges in orthopedic surgery. Various scaffolds have been developed to facilitate bone reconstruction within such defects. Many previously studied scaffolds achieved effective outcomes with a combination of high cost, high-risk growth factors or stem cells. Herein, we developed honeycomb scaffolds (HCSs) comprising carbonate apatite (CO<sub>3</sub> Ap) containing 8% carbonate, identical to human bone composition. The CO<sub>3</sub> Ap HCSs were white-columned blocks harboring regularly arranged macropore channels of a size and wall thickness of 156 ± 5 μm and 102 ± 10 μm, respectively. The compressive strengths of the HCSs parallel and perpendicular to the macropore channel direction were 51.0 ± 11.8 and 15.6 ± 2.2 MPa, respectively. The HCSs were grafted into critical-sized segmental defects in rat femurs. The HCSs bore high-load stresses without any observed breakage. Two-weeks post-implantation, calluses formed around the HCSs and immature bone formed in the HCS interior. The calluses and immature bone matured until 8 weeks via endochondral ossification. At 12 weeks post-implantation, large parts of the HCSs were gradually replaced by newly formed bone. The bone reconstruction efficacy of the CO<sub>3</sub> Ap HCSs alone was comparable to that of protein and cell scaffolds, while achieving a lower cost and increased safety.
Left ventricular torsion rate and the relation to right ventricular function in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension (2018)

The right ventricle and left ventricle are physically coupled through the interventricular septum. Therefore, changes in the geometry and mechanics of one ventricle can directly affect the function of the other. In treatment of pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension, the left ventricle is often overlooked, with clinical focus primarily on improving right ventricular function. Pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension represents a disease distinct from adult pulmonary arterial hypertension based on etiology and survival rates. We aimed to assess left ventricular torsion rate in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension and its role in right ventricular dysfunction. Cardiac magnetic resonance images with tissue tagging were prospectively acquired for 18 pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension (WHO class I) patients and 17 control subjects with no known cardiopulmonary disease. The pulmonary arterial hypertension cohort underwent cardiac magnetic resonance within 48 hours of clinically indicated right heart catheterization. Using right heart catheterization data, we computed single beat estimation of right ventricular end-systolic elastance (as a measure of right ventricular contractility) and ventricular vascular coupling ratio (end-systolic elastance/arterial afterload). Left ventricular torsion rate was quantified from harmonic phase analysis of tagged cardiac magnetic resonance images. Ventricular and pulmonary pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance were derived from right heart catheterization data. Right ventricular ejection fraction and interventricular septum curvature were derived from cardiac magnetic resonance. Left ventricular torsion rate was significantly reduced in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients compared to control subjects (1.40 ± 0.61° vs. 3.02 ± 1.47°, P < 0.001). A decrease in left ventricular torsion rate was significantly correlated with a decrease in right ventricular contractility (end-systolic elastance) ( r = 0.61, P = 0.007), and an increase in right ventricular systolic pressure in pulmonary arterial hypertension kids ( r = -0.54, P = 0.021). In both pulmonary arterial hypertension and control subjects, left ventricular torsion rate correlated with right ventricular ejection fraction (controls r = 0.45, P = 0.034) (pulmonary arterial hypertension r = 0.57, P = 0.032). In the pulmonary arterial hypertension group, interventricular septum curvature demonstrated a strong direct relationship with right ventricular systolic pressure ( r = 0.7, P = 0.001) and inversely with left ventricular torsion rate ( r = -0.57, P = 0.013). Left ventricular torsion rate showed a direct relationship with ventricular vascular coupling ratio ( r = 0.54, P = 0.021), and an inverse relationship with mean pulmonary arterial pressure ( r = -0.60, P = 0.008), and pulmonary vascular resistance ( r = -0.47, P = 0.049). We conclude that in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension, reduced right ventricular contractility is associated with decreased left ventricular torsion rate.
P300 Chinese input system based on Bayesian LDA (2010)

A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a new communication channel between humans and computers that translates brain activity into recognizable command and control signals. Attended events can evoke P300 potentials in the electroencephalogram. Hence, the P300 has been used in BCI systems to spell, control cursors or robotic devices, and other tasks. This paper introduces a novel P300 BCI to communicate Chinese characters. To improve classification accuracy, an optimization algorithm (particle swarm optimization, PSO) is used for channel selection (i.e., identifying the best electrode configuration). The effects of different electrode configurations on classification accuracy were tested by Bayesian linear discriminant analysis offline. The offline results from 11 subjects show that this new P300 BCI can effectively communicate Chinese characters and that the features extracted from the electrodes obtained by PSO yield good performance.
Thyrotropin‐Releasing Hormone Mediates Growth Hormone Release Induced by Milk and Nursing in Neonatal Rats (1992)

Previous evidence from this laboratory suggested that growth hormone (GH) release induced by milk in vitro and by nursing in vivo from neonatal rat pituitary glands is mediated by an alternative GH-releasing factor(s) (GRF) distinct from GH-releasing hormone (GHRH(1-43) ). In the present experiments we tested whether thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) could fulfil the criteria of this alternative GRF in neonatal rats. The water-soluble fraction of rat milk (infranatant, prepared by ultracentrifugation) and its methanol/acetic acid extract (milk-borne peptides) stimulated GH release from perifused pituitary glands obtained from 2-day-old rats. Dialysis of the infranatant (mol wt cut-off: 2,000) against 500 volumes of culture medium at 4°C eliminated its GH-releasing activity in the perifusion system, while the infranatant retained its full GRF-like activity when incubated at 4°C without dialysis. The milk-borne GRF eluted as a single peak and coeluted with TRH in a combined gel permeation chromatography (Sephadex G-10) and perifusion set-up. Prolactin secretion was also stimulated simultaneously with the release of GH induced either by milk or by TRH. In a stepwise C(18) reversed-phase chromatography, milk-borne GRF was highly hydrophilic and coeluted with synthetic TRH. The in vitro GH-releasing bioactivities of synthetic TRH and a milk extract purified in C(18) reversed-phase chromatography were abolished by proline-specific endopeptidase. Thus, TRH and milk-borne GRF displayed similar molecular weights, hydropathic characteristics and proteolytic enzyme resistance. In vivo, nursing (which has been reported as a potent stimulus of GH secretion even in the absence of milk-intake) increased serum GH levels in 2-day-old pups. A supramaximal dose of TRH (10 ng/g intraperitoneally) stimulated GH release in 2-day-old pups separated from their mothers for 6 h to a similar extent as nursing. Nursing-induced levels of serum GH were not further elevated by TRH. This failure of TRH to further increase serum GH levels was not due to a maximal GH output by the neonatal pituitary gland, since the GH release induced by the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan was augmented either by TRH or by nursing. These data provide evidence that the milk-borne GRF-like activity in vitro is indistinguishable from TRH, and suggest that TRH (probably of hypothalamic origin) might be the mediator of the nursing-induced release of GH in vivo as a physiological GRF in neonatal rats.
Injection Molding and Hot‐Melt Extrusion Processing for Pharmaceutical Materials (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Hot-melt Extrusion in Brief Injection Molding Critical Parameters Example: Comparison of Extruded and Injection-molded Material Development of Products for Injection Molding Properties of Injection-molded Materials Concluding Remarks References
Primary Care Providers’ Knowledge and Attitudes towards Organ Donation and Deemed Consent in Nova Scotia, Canada (2023)

<h3>Context:</h3> On January 18, 2021, Nova Scotia implemented a deemed consent model for organ and tissue donation, the first jurisdiction in North America to do so. This means that all adult Nova Scotians are considered to have consented for deceased organ donation unless they explicitly opt out. Primary care providers (PCPs) have important roles in organ donation systems, including promoting organ donation with patients (i.e., raising awareness) and supporting families when they are asked to donate their loved one’s organs. <h3>Objective:</h3> We sought to understand PCPs’ knowledge, attitudes, and experiences with organ donation and transplantation, including a legislated deemed consent model. <h3>Study Design and Analysis:</h3> An electronic, self-administered survey to query respondents on their experiences with, knowledge of, and attitudes around organ donation and deemed consent, and barriers and opportunities to the implementation of deemed consent in clinical practice. Survey results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. <h3>Setting:</h3> Nova Scotia, Canada. <h3>Population Studied:</h3> Practicing PCPs. <h3>Results:</h3> Two hundred and eleven PCPs responded to the survey. The vast majority had favorable attitudes around organ donation (99.4%), and most supported a deemed consent model (83.9%). Half (52.6%) of those who opposed deemed consent felt it was a violation of an individual’s rights. Nearly three-quarters (72.6%) of PCPs said they have a conversation around organ donation only if it is initiated by the patient. Approximately half (51.8%) agreed that organ donation should be discussed yearly with patients. When asked specific knowledge questions, 71.0% correctly identified active HIV as a contraindication to organ donation, whereas 25.6% incorrectly identified a history of intravenous drug use as a contraindication. Nearly two-thirds (64.9%) and three-quarters (75.6%) were confident in their understanding of donation after neurological death and donation after cardiocirculatory death, respectively. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> We found positive attitudes around organ donation amongst PCPs, including high support for a deemed consent model. However, specific knowledge gaps were identified that should be addressed as the new model is rolled out.
Overlimiting current in a microchannel (2011)

We revisit the classical problem of diffusion-limited ion transport to a membrane (or electrode) by considering the effects of charged side walls. Using simple mathematical models and numerical simulations, we identify three basic mechanisms for over-limiting current in a microchannel: (i) {\it surface conduction} carried by excess counterions, which dominates for very thin channels, (ii) convection by {\it electro-osmotic flow} on the side walls, which dominates for thicker channels and transitions to (iii) {\it electro-osmotic instability} on the membrane end in very thick channels. These intriguing electrokinetic phenomena may find applications in biological separations, water desalination, and electrochemical energy storage.
Compact, Self-Contained Optical Spectrometer (1995)

We describe the construction and performance of a self-contained, battery-operated, hand-held optical spectrometer. This unit contains an on-board optical excitation source, miniaturized monochromator, CCD detector, Peltier cooler, LCD display module, and microprocessor control. We demonstrate capabilities for qualitative fluorescence determinations and semiquantitative fluorescence and absorption measurements. Resolution is λ/δλ ≈ 1200 at 434 nm.
TcruziKB: Enabling Complex Queries for Genomic Data Exploration (2008)

We developed a novel analytical environment to aid in the examination of the extensive amount of interconnected data available for genome projects. Our focus is to enable flexibility and abstraction from implementation details, while retaining the expressivity required for post-genomic research. To achieve this goal, we associated genomics data to ontologies and implemented a query formulation and execution environment with added visualization capabilities. We use ontology schemas to guide the user through the process of building complex queries in a flexible Web interface. Queries are serialized in SPARQL and sent to servers via Ajax. A component for visualization of the results allows researchers to explore result sets in multiple perspectives to suit different analytical needs. We show a use case of semantic computing with real world data. We demonstrate facilitated access to information through expressive queries in a flexible and friendly user interface. Our system scores 90.54% in a user satisfaction evaluation with 30 subjects. In comparison with traditional genome databases, preliminary evaluation indicates a reduction of the amount of user interaction required to answer the provided sample queries.
<title>Adaptive input shaping for precision stage systems</title> (1999)

Many manufacturing situations such as lithography for microelectronics require rapid high precision positioning of machinery. This paper will describe an existing stage system and its evolution with an emphasis upon reducing residual vibrations associated with stage stepping. Results of an experimental study are presented where the adaptive input shaping strategy and several input shaping strategy technique for the literature are used to generate motion commands. Stage performance is evaluated with an emphasis upon the affects of the stages natural frequency and mode shapes.
Cannabidiol, a Non-Psychoactive Cannabinoid Compound, Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion in U87-MG and T98G Glioma Cells through a Multitarget Effect (2013)

In the present study, we found that CBD inhibited U87-MG and T98G cell proliferation and invasiveness in vitro and caused a decrease in the expression of a set of proteins specifically involved in growth, invasion and angiogenesis. In addition, CBD treatment caused a dose-related down-regulation of ERK and Akt prosurvival signaling pathways in U87-MG and T98G cells and decreased hypoxia inducible factor HIF-1α expression in U87-MG cells. Taken together, these results provide new insights into the antitumor action of CBD, showing that this cannabinoid affects multiple tumoral features and molecular pathways. As CBD is a non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid that appears to be devoid of side effects, our results support its exploitation as an effective anti-cancer drug in the management of gliomas.
Dance In the Wild: Monocular Human Animation with Neural Dynamic Appearance Synthesis (2021)

Synthesizing dynamic appearances of humans in motion plays a central role in applications such as ARWR and video editing. While many recent methods have been proposed to tackle this problem, handling loose garments with complex textures and high dynamic motion still remains challenging. In this paper, we propose a video based appearance synthesis method that tackles such challenges and demonstrates high quality results for in-the-wild videos that have not been shown before. Specifically, we adopt a StyleGAN based architecture to the task of person specific video based motion retargeting. We introduce a novel motion signature that is used to modulate the generator weights to capture dynamic appearance changes as well as regularizing the single frame based pose estimates to improve temporal coherency. We evaluate our method on a set of challenging videos and show that our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Relative Merits of Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony, Left Ventricular Lead Position, and Myocardial Scar to Predict Long-Term Survival of Ischemic Heart Failure Patients Undergoing Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (2010)

Baseline LV radial dyssynchrony, discordant LV lead position, and myocardial scar in the region of the LV pacing lead were independent determinants of long-term prognosis in ischemic heart failure patients treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy. Larger baseline LV dyssynchrony predicted superior long-term survival, whereas discordant LV lead position and myocardial scar predicted worse outcome.
Magnetisierungstransfer-Kontrast: Experimentelle Sequenzoptimierung zur Untersuchung der weißen Hirnsubstanz (1998)

We present a fast MT sequence with high rSS for cerebral white matter and a relatively pure MT effect. Owing to the high rSS-values we expect that this sequence improves differentiation of cerebral white matter lesions. Because of the confusing variety of MT sequence currently described in the literature we believe that standard parameters should be defined to make published results comparable.
Temporal Summaries: Supporting Temporal Categorical Searching, Aggregation and Comparison (2009)

When analyzing thousands of event histories, analysts often want to see the events as an aggregate to detect insights and generate new hypotheses about the data. An analysis tool must emphasize both the prevalence and the temporal ordering of these events. Additionally, the analysis tool must also support flexible comparisons to allow analysts to gather visual evidence. In a previous work, we introduced align, rank, and filter (ARF) to accentuate temporal ordering. In this paper, we present temporal summaries, an interactive visualization technique that highlights the prevalence of event occurrences. Temporal summaries dynamically aggregate events in multiple granularities (year, month, week, day, hour, etc.) for the purpose of spotting trends over time and comparing several groups of records. They provide affordances for analysts to perform temporal range filters. We demonstrate the applicability of this approach in two extensive case studies with analysts who applied temporal summaries to search, filter, and look for patterns in electronic health records and academic records.
Evaluation of 15 Candidate Genes for Dilated Cardiomyopathy in the Newfoundland Dog (2007)

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease of the myocardium, which causes heart failure and premature death. It has been described in humans and several domestic animals. In the Newfoundland dog, DCM is an autosomal dominant disease with late onset and reduced penetrance. We analyzed 15 candidate genes for their involvement in DCM in the Newfoundland dog. Polymorphic microsatellite markers and single Nucleotide Polymorphisms were genotyped in 4 families of Newfoundland dogs segregating dilated cardiomyopathy for the genes encoding alpha-cardiac actin (ACTC), caveolin (CAVI), cysteine-rich protein 3 (CSRP3), LIM-domain binding factor 3 (LDB3), desmin (DES), lamin A/C (LMNA), myosin heavy polypeptide 7 (MYH7), delta-sarcoglycan (SGCD), troponin I (TNNTI3), troponin T (TNNT2), alpha-tropomyosin (TPMI), titin (TTN) and vinculin (VCL). A Logarithm of the odds (LOD) score of less than -2.0 in 2-point linkage analysis indicated exclusion of all but 2 genes, encoding CSRP3 and DES. A (LOD) score between -1.5 and -2.0 for CSRP3 and DES makes these genes unlikely causes of DCM in this dog breed. For the phospholamban (PLN) and titin cap (TTN) genes, a direct mutation screening approach was used. DNA sequence analysis of all exons showed no evidence that these genes are involved in DCM in the Newfoundland dog.
The Impact of Known Heart Disease on Long‐Term Outcomes of Catheter Ablation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction: A Multicenter International Study (2015)

IDCM was associated with greater AF control, and improvement in symptoms and LVEF compared to patients with KHD post-AF ablation. AF is an important reversible cause of HF in patients with an unexplained CM and catheter ablation an effective treatment option.