gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Approach to Order Picking Optimization in Warehouses (2012)

The conventional approach to order picking optimization divides the process in three main decision areas: storage policy, order consolidation policy, and routing policy. In practice, we encountered variants of randomized storage in warehouses that range from completely ordered to completely unordered. We investigated the effect of the order level of the warehouse on the picking tour length. An additional problem encountered in warehouses with randomized storage that is not addressed by the conventional methods of order picking optimization is item selection. The item selection problem is concerned with selecting a single product to pick from multiple products throughout the warehouse so as to satisfy a customer order. We extended the conventional approach to order picking optimization by proposing a solution to the item selection problem using RTA* algorithm. Alongside established solutions to the order batching and picker routing problems, we integrated this into a complete sequential approach to order picking optimization. We evaluated our approach by experiments in simulated warehouse environment. We demonstrated that low order level of the warehouse is to be preferred compared to high order level as it results in shorter picking tours. Additionally, we have shown that our approach scales well with increasing warehouse size and number of orders.
Ion Pair Cooperative Binding of Potassium Salts by New Rhenium(I) Bipyridine Crown Ether Receptors (2001)

The new rhenium(I) bipyridine crown ether receptors 1-4 have been prepared and their ion pair recognition properties examined. The crystal structure of [1.KCl](2).2H(2)O demonstrates that potassium is coordinated by benzo-18-crown-6 and chloride is hydrogen bonded to the amide groups. Receptor 3 extracts solid KCl and KOAc into chloroform via ion pair complexation. NMR and emission titration studies with receptors 1-4 and KCl/KOAc show that cobound potassium enhances anion binding strength by electrostatic and conformational effects. Significant cooperative interactions are observed between the anion and cation sites for host 4 in CH(3)CN. This molecule coordinates potassium to form a 1:1 intramolecular sandwich complex, which preorganizes the host for acetate binding.
Oxidative Cracking of Aromatic Compounds Related to Lignin Constituents with Steam Using ZrO<sub>2</sub>–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–FeO<sub><i>x</i></sub> Catalyst (2010)

The catalytic activity of iron oxide composite catalyst (ZrO2–Al2O3–FeOx) was investigated for converting aromatic compounds derived from plant biomass into useful aromatics. Catalytic cracking of lignin constituent-related di-aromatics such as diphenyl ether, diphenyl methane, and 2-benzyloxyphenol, and mono-aromatics such as guaiacol, acetophenone, and 1-phenyl-1-propanol was carried out over ZrO2–Al2O3–FeOx. The catalytic reactions were conducted in a fixed-bed reactor at 773 K under atmospheric pressure. Diphenyl ether and diphenyl methane were stable, whereas 2-benzyloxyphenol was thermally decomposed, followed by the production of toluene and phenol over ZrO2–Al2O3–FeOx. Guaiacol and acetophenone were selectively converted into 54 C-mol% of phenol and 29 C-mol% of benzene, respectively. The methoxy and carbonyl groups were decomposed into gaseous products mainly consisting of CO2, whereas dehydration of the aliphatic hydroxyl group in 1-phenyl-1-propanol mainly occurred to produce 1-phenyl-1-propene. ZrO2–Al2O3–FeOx catalyst is effective for degrading alkyl ether bonds between aromatic rings, and the ring substituent methoxy and carbonyl groups.
Smart Contract Defense through Bytecode Rewriting (2019)

An Ethereum bytecode rewriting and validation architecture is proposed and evaluated for securing smart contracts in decentralized cryptocurrency systems without access to contract source code. This addresses a wave of smart contract vulnerabilities that have been exploited by cybercriminals in recent years to steal millions of dollars from victims. Such attacks have motivated various best practices proposals for helping developers write safer contracts; but as the number of programming languages used to develop smart contracts increases, implementing these best practices can be cumbersome and hard to enforce across the development tool chain. Automated hardening at the bytecode level bypasses this source-level heterogeneity to enforce safety and code integrity properties of contracts independently of the sources whence they were derived. In addition, a binary code verification tool implemented atop the Coq interactive theorem prover establishes input-output equivalence between the original code and the modified code. Evaluation demonstrates that the system can enforce policies that protect against integer overflow and underflow vulnerabilities in real Ethereum contract bytecode, and overhead is measured in terms of instruction counts.
Characteristics of DNA Microarrays Fabricated on Various Aminosilane Layers (2002)

Four kinds of aminosilane layers on glass slides or silicon wafers were prepared. The amine densities of the layers prepared with aminopropyldiethoxymethylsilane (APDES), aminopropylmonoethoxydimethylsilane (APMES), a mixture of (aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and n-butyltrimethoxysilane (n-BTMS) (v/v = 1:10) are 4.0(±0.8), 1.0(±0.2), and 0.30(±0.6) amine/nm2, respectively. A substrate with much higher amine density, that is, 40(±8) amines/nm2 was also prepared by allowing aziridine to polymerize on the APDES-treated substrate. AFM revealed that APDES-, APMES-, and APTES/n-BTMS-treated surfaces were relatively flat; on the other hand, an aziridine-treated surface showed embossed morphology. The amine substrates were allowed to react with a heterobifunctional linker succinimidyl 4-maleimido butyrate (SMB), and subsequently pentadecadeoxynucleotides were microarrayed on the SMB-treated substrates. Characteristics of the DNA microarrays including the dynamic range, the mismatch discrimination efficiency, and so forth were examined. Noteworthily, DNA microarrays on the aziridine-polymerized substrate showed much higher fluorescence intensity. At the same time, DNA microarrays from these four substrates were able to discriminate internal- and terminal-mismatched pairs, but the fluorescence ratio was far from the one that thermodynamics implies.
Parenthood Is Associated With Greater Well-Being for Fathers Than Mothers (2019)

The experiences of mothers and fathers are different in ways that could affect their well-being. Yet few studies have comprehensively examined gender differences in parents' well-being. In the current research, we investigated such gender differences in a large representative sample (Study 1a; <i>N</i> = 13,007), in a community sample using validated well-being measures (Study 1b; <i>N</i> = 472), and in a large experience sampling study measuring happiness during caregiving activities and during interactions with children (Study 2; <i>N</i> = 4,930). Fathers reported greater happiness, subjective well-being, psychological need satisfaction, and daily uplifts than did men without children (Studies 1a and 1b). During caregiving experiences, fathers reported greater happiness, whereas mothers reported lower happiness, compared with their other activities. Fathers also reported relatively higher happiness when interacting with their children than did mothers (Study 2). Across all three studies and more than 18,000 participants, parenthood was associated with more positive well-being outcomes for fathers than for mothers.
Biased IL-2 signals induce Foxp3-rich pulmonary lymphoid structures and facilitate long-term lung allograft acceptance in mice (2023)

Transplantation of solid organs can be life-saving in patients with end-stage organ failure, however, graft rejection remains a major challenge. In this study, by pre-conditioning with interleukin-2 (IL-2)/anti-IL-2 antibody complex treatment biased toward IL-2 receptor α, we achieved acceptance of fully mismatched orthotopic lung allografts that remained morphologically and functionally intact for more than 90 days in immunocompetent mice. These allografts are tolerated by the actions of forkhead box p3 (Foxp3)<sup>+</sup> regulatory T (Treg) cells that home to the lung allografts. Although counts of circulating Treg cells rapidly return to baseline following cessation of IL-2 treatment, Foxp3<sup>+</sup> Treg cells persist in peribronchial and peribronchiolar areas of the grafted lungs, forming organized clusters reminiscent of inducible tertiary lymphoid structures (iTLS). These iTLS in lung allografts are made of Foxp3<sup>+</sup> Treg cells, conventional T cells, and B cells, as evidenced by using microscopy-based distribution and neighborhood analyses. Foxp3-transgenic mice with inducible and selective deletion of Foxp3<sup>+</sup> cells are unable to form iTLS in lung allografts, and these mice acutely reject lung allografts. Collectively, we report that short-term, high-intensity and biased IL-2 pre-conditioning facilitates acceptance of vascularized and ventilated lung allografts without the need of immunosuppression, by inducing Foxp3-controlled iTLS formation within allografts.
Conformation and Molecular Dynamics of Single Polystyrene Chain Confined in Coordination Nanospace (2008)

Molecules confined in nanospaces will have distinctly different properties to those in the bulk state because of the formation of specific molecular assemblies and conformations. We studied the chain conformation and dynamics of single polystyrene (PSt) chains confined in highly regular one-dimensional nanochannels of a porous coordination polymer [Zn 2(bdc) 2ted] n ( 1; bdc = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, ted = triethylenediamine). Characterization by two-dimensional (2D) heteronuclear (1)H- (13)C NMR gave a direct demonstration of the nanocomposite formation and the intimacy between the PSt and the pore surfaces of 1. Calorimetric analysis of the composite did not reveal any glass transition of PSt, which illustrates the different nature of the PSt encapsulated in the nanochannels compared with that of bulk PSt. From N 2 adsorption measurements, the apparent density of PSt in the nanochannel was estimated to be 0.55 g cm (-3), which is much lower than that of bulk PSt. Results of a solid-state (2)H NMR study of the composite showed the homogeneous mobility of phenyl flipping with significantly low activation energy, as a result of the encapsulation of single PSt chains in one-dimensional regular crystalline nanochannels. This is also supported by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
Exploitation des algorithmes d’intelligence artificielle pour le développement de nouveaux ciments bas carbone (2023)

International audience
The SwitchWare active network architecture (1998)

Active networks must balance the flexibility of a programmable network infrastructure against the safety and security requirements inherent in sharing that infrastructure. Furthermore, this balance must be achieved while maintaining the usability of the network. The SwitchWare active network architecture is a novel approach to achieving this balance using three layers: active packets, which contain mobile programs that replace traditional packets; active extensions, which provide services on the network elements and can be dynamically loaded; and a secure active router infrastructure, which forms a high-integrity base on which the security of the other layers depends. In addition to integrity checking and cryptography-based authentication, security in our architecture depends heavily on verification techniques from programming languages, such as strong type checking.
Strontium-Calcium Thermometry in Coral Skeletons (1979)

The strontium to calcium ratio of skeletal aragonite in three genera of reef-building corals varies as a simple function of temperature and the strontium to calcium ratio of the incubation water. The strontiumlcalcium distribution coefficients of coral aragonite apparently differ from the corresponding coefficient of inorganically precipitated aragonite. With some care, coral skeletons can be used as recording thermometers.
Antigen processing: cultured lymph-borne dendritic cells can process and present native protein antigens. (1995)

Langerhans' cells (LC) cultured for 1-3 days lose their ability to process native protein antigens but acquire the ability to stimulate resting T cells as assessed in an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte response (MLR). Lymph-borne dendritic cells (L-DC) are physiologically involved in the transport of antigens to lymph nodes but it is not known whether these cells lose the ability to process antigens in culture. To investigate this, we cultured L-DC derived from the intestine for 20-72 hr and tested their ability to process and present antigens. Our results show that these L-DC are able to present antigen to primed spleen T cells as effectively as fresh cells. To exclude the possibility that commercial ovalbumin (OVA) preparations contain peptides which might bind directly to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, OVA was filtered through Sephadex G50 and the peak fractions used as antigen. The results show that cultured L-DC are also able to present G50-filtered OVA efficiently to primed spleen T cells. More importantly, these G50-OVA-pulsed L-DC are able to prime naive T cells specifically in vivo. Chloroquine inhibited the ability of both fresh and cultured L-DC to present antigen to primed T cells but did not inhibit their ability to stimulate a MLR, indicating that processing was a necessary step for antigen presentation. Taken together, these results clearly show that cultured L-DC are active in processing and presenting native antigens and the hypothesis proposed for LC does not apply to rat lymph-borne dendritic cells. The physiological significance of these observations is discussed.
Characterization of channel waveguides and tunable microlasers in SU8 doped with rhodamine B fabricated using proton beam writing (2008)

10.1088/0022-3727/41/19/192002
Speech recognition for Japanese spoken language (2002)

This paper overviews the speech recognition issues for the Japanese language, and introduces three research projects conducted at NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone) Human Interface Laboratories and ATR Interpreting Telephony Research Laboratories. The first topic is stochastic language models for the sequences of Japanese characters to be used in a Japanese dictation system with unlimited vocabulary. The second topic is an accurate and efficient algorithm for very-large-vocabulary continuous speech recognition based on an HMM-LR algorithm. This algorithm was applied to a telephone directory assistance system that recognizes spontaneous speech having a vocabulary size of roughly 80000. The third topic is a continuous speech recognition system based on strategies of the phoneme-context-dependent (allophonic) modeling and parsing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mechanisms Underlying Phase Lag between Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure and Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity (2003)

To explore the mechanisms underlying the phase lag between oscillations in arterial blood pressure (ABP) and cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV), ABP and CBFV signals were recorded noninvasively from normal volunteers who lay quietly in a supine position. Mean ABP (MAP) and CBFV (MFV) were calculated beat-to-beat by means of integration. Cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) was calculated by dividing MAP with MFV. Frequency domain analysis of MAP, MFV and CVR signals revealed very-low frequency (VLF, 0.016-0.04 Hz), low-frequency (LF, 0.04-0.15 Hz), and high-frequency (HF, 0.15-0.4 Hz) components. The transfer phase of MAP-CVR coupling in the LF and HF range was frequency-dependent, which is equivalent to a time delay of 2 s. However, the transfer phase differed in the CVR-MFV coupling in that the phase was distributed around 180 degrees across the LF and HF ranges. Cross-correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between MAP-CVR coupling, with MAP leading by 2 s, and a negative relationship between CVR-MFV coupling, with CVR leading by 0.3 s. We concluded that the phase lag between oscillations in ABP and CBFV was chiefly contributed to by the starting latency of cerebral autoregulation (i.e. cerebral vasomotion, revealed by MAP-CVR coupling). Moreover, the negative correlation of the CVR-MFV coupling could offer a different explanation for the physiologic significance of the phase lead of CBFV-ABP oscillations.
Brainstorm, Chainstorm, Cheatstorm, Tweetstorm (2013)

In this paper we describe the results of a design-driven study of collaborative ideation. Based on preliminary findings that identified a novel digital ideation paradigm we refer to as chainstorming, or online communication brainstorming, two exploratory studies were performed. First, we developed and tested a distributed method of ideation we call cheatstorming, in which previously generated brainstorm ideas are delivered to targeted local contexts in response to a prompt. We then performed a more rigorous case study to examine the cheatstorming method and consider its possible implementation in the context of a distributed online ideation tool. Based on observations from these studies, we conclude with the somewhat provocative suggestion that ideation need not require the generation of new ideas. Rather, we present a model of ideation suggesting that its value has less to do with the generation of novel ideas than the cultural influence exerted by unconventional ideas on the ideating team. Thus brainstorming is more than the pooling of "invented" ideas, it involves the sharing and interpretation of concepts in unintended and (ideally) unanticipated ways.
An Approach to Building a Universal Health Care Model: Morbidity Model of Degenerative Diseases (1977)

There have been many different approaches to building health care models. Because of these differences, it is sometimes difficult to relate the developed models to each other. \n\nWe have therefore first defined the submodels of the health care system and clarified the relation of our approach to studies already undertaken. The submodels also show the steps in building the health care model. \n\nThe first step was to construct the morbidity model of degenerative diseases. The validity of the model was tested for various countries, using statistics from the World Health Organization. The fit of the model to empirical data was satisfactory. The model was applied to an international comparison and estimation of trends in degenerative diseases. The study showed the feasibility of this type of approach in health planning.
Data driven signal processing: an approach for energy efficient computing (2002)

The computational switching activity of digital CMOS circuits can be dynamically minimized by designing algorithms that exploit signal statistics. This results in processors that have time-varying power requirements and perform computation on demand. An approach is presented to minimize the energy dissipation per data sample in variable-load DSP systems by adaptively minimizing the power supply voltage for each sample using a variable switching speed processor. In general, using buffering and filtering, the computation can be spread over multiple samples averaging the workload and lowering energy further. It is also shown that four levels of voltage quantization combined with dithering is sufficient to closely emulate arbitrary voltage levels.
Synthesis of isosorbide: an overview of challenging reactions (2017)

This review gives an overview of the catalysts and technologies developed for the synthesis of isosorbide, a platform molecule derived from biomass (sorbitol and cellulose).
FEM‐Simulation of “Die‐Less Hydroforming” (2014)

Abstract The following contribution focuses on the FEM‐simulation of “Die‐Less‐Hydroforming” using LS‐DYNA. That specific forming technology is used to create structures by inflating initial seal‐welded flat 2D blanks as well as 3D hollow bodies without using any die, mould or punch in contrast to conventional hydroforming (e.g. tube hydroforming or hydromechanical deep drawing). (© 2014 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mutations in FBXL4, Encoding a Mitochondrial Protein, Cause Early-Onset Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy (2013)

Whole-exome sequencing and autozygosity mapping studies, independently performed in subjects with defective combined mitochondrial OXPHOS-enzyme deficiencies, identified a total of nine disease-segregating FBXL4 mutations in seven unrelated mitochondrial disease families, composed of six singletons and three siblings. All subjects manifested early-onset lactic acidemia, hypotonia, and developmental delay caused by severe encephalomyopathy consistently associated with progressive cerebral atrophy and variable involvement of the white matter, deep gray nuclei, and brainstem structures. A wide range of other multisystem features were variably seen, including dysmorphism, skeletal abnormalities, poor growth, gastrointestinal dysmotility, renal tubular acidosis, seizures, and episodic metabolic failure. Mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency was present in muscle or fibroblasts of all tested individuals, together with markedly reduced oxygen consumption rate and hyperfragmentation of the mitochondrial network in cultured cells. In muscle and fibroblasts from several subjects, substantially decreased mtDNA content was observed. FBXL4 is a member of the F-box family of proteins, some of which are involved in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination and/or G protein receptor coupling. We also demonstrate that FBXL4 is targeted to mitochondria and localizes in the intermembrane space, where it participates in an approximately 400 kDa protein complex. These data strongly support a role for FBXL4 in controlling bioenergetic homeostasis and mtDNA maintenance. FBXL4 mutations are a recurrent cause of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy onset in early infancy.
Application of a Heat‐ and Steam‐Generating Sheet Increases Peripheral Blood Flow and Induces Parasympathetic Predominance (2011)

To promote the practical application of a Japanese traditional medical treatment, such as hot compresses, we developed a plaster-type warming device consisting of a heat- and steam-generating sheet (HSG sheet). First, we tested its effects when applied to the anterior abdominal wall or lumbar region of women complaining of a tendency towards constipation. Application of the sheet to either region produced a feeling of comfort in the abdomen, as assessed by a survey of the subjects. The significant increases in the total hemoglobin observed in these regions suggested an increase in peripheral blood flow, and significant increases in the HF component on ECG and in the amplitude of gastric motility suggested parasympathetic predominance. We concluded that application of the HSG sheet improves the peripheral hemodynamics and autonomic regulation, induces a feeling of comfort in the abdomen, and provides a beneficial environment for the improvement of gastrointestinal movements.