gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[111In-DTPA-D-Phe1] octreotide scintigraphy in thyroidal and orbital Graves' disease: a parameter for disease activity? (1994)

Visualization of malignant lymphomas and granulomatous disease is possible by [111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]octreotide scintigraphy through binding of the radioligand to somatostatin receptors on activated leukocytes. Because thyroidal and orbital tissues are infiltrated by activated leukocytes in Graves' disease, a cross-sectional study to visualize disease activity with [111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]octreotide scintigraphy was performed. A correlation between thyroidal [111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]octreotide accumulation and free T4 (disease expression) and thyroid binding-inhibiting immunoglobulins (disease activity) is present in untreated hyperthyroid Graves' disease. There is also a correlation between orbital [111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]octreotide uptake and the clinical activity score (disease activity) and total eye score (disease expression), respectively, in Graves' orbitopathy. Visualization of thyroidal and orbital Graves' disease is feasible, but further investigation is necessary to establish the role of [111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]octreotide scintigraphy in representing disease activity and expression and in predicting therapeutical outcome.
Novel Process Simulation of Biodiesel Production from Crude Castor Oil (2021)

A continuous process flowsheet for biodiesel production from crude castor oil and methanol was developed on Aspen HYSYS simulation environment. It consists of an acid-catalysed sub-process for pre-treatment of the crude feedstock and a base-catalysed one for trans-esterification of treated oil. Reactions involved were defined using kinetic parameters obtained from lab-scale experiments for increased realism, and reactor setup was decided based on basic technological and economical assessments. Specifications of other unit operations and flows were obtained from different approximation methods, literature adaptation and trade-off consideration. Input and output quality controls were achieved via simple adjustments with tight tolerances. The use of crude feedstock reduced the cost of raw material while expanding the scale of the process, which managed to produce 8000 tons of biodiesel having purity of over 99 % a year. Specifically, the process could remove up to 90.83 % amount of free fatty acids in the crude oil and convert up to 93.82 % of oil to biodiesel.
Resolution analysis of general inverse problems through inverse Monte Carlo sampling (1998)

The general inverse problem is characterized by at least one of the following two complications: (1) data can only be computed from the model by means of a numerical algorithm, and (2) the a priori model constraints can only be expressed via numerical algorithms. For linear problems and the so-called `weakly nonlinear problems', which can be locally approximated by a linear problem, analytical methods can provide estimates of the best fitting model and measures of resolution (nonuniqueness and uncertainty of solutions). This is, however, not possible for general problems. The only way to proceed is to use sampling methods that collect information on the posterior probability density in the model space. One such method is the inverse Monte Carlo strategy for resolution analysis suggested by Mosegaard and Tarantola. This method allows sampling of the posterior probability density even in cases where prior information is only available as an algorithm that samples the prior probability density. Once a collection of models sampled according to the posterior is available, it is possible to estimate, not only posterior model parameter covariances, but also resolution measures that are more useful in many applications. For example, posterior probabilities of the existence of interesting Earth structures like discontinuities and flow patterns can be estimated. These extended possibilities for resolution analysis may also provide new insight into problems that are usually treated by means of analytical methods.
IMST-09. IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL H3.3.K27M MUTATION-DERIVED NEOANTIGEN EPITOPE AND CLONING OF A SPECIFIC T-CELL RECEPTOR FOR T-CELL THERAPY IN GLIOMAS (2016)

Recent genetic studies have revealed that malignant gliomas in children and young adults often show shared missense mutations, in the gene encoding the replication-independent histone 3 variant H3.3. Approximately 70% of midline gliomas, such as diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), harbor the amino-acid substitution from lysine (K) to methionine (M) at the position 27 of H3.3. T-cells are normally tolerant to wild-type self-proteins, but can recognize mutated peptide epitopes as non-self. Hence, tumor-specific missense mutations can be suitable targets (i.e. neoantigens) for cancer immunotherapy. We evaluated whether the H3.3 K27M mutation can induce specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2+ CD8+ T-cells. In vitro stimulation of HLA-A2+ donor-derived CD8+ T-cells with a synthetic peptide encompassing the H3.3 K27M mutation (the H3.3.K27M epitope hereafter) induced CTL lines which recognized not only the synthetic H3.3.K27M epitope peptide loaded on T2 cells but also lysed HLA-A2+ DIPG cell lines which endogenously harbor the H3.3.K27M mutation. On the other hand, CTL lines did not react to HLA-A2+, H3.3 K27M mutation-negative cells or HLA-A2-negative, H3.3 K27M mutation+ cells. A competitive binding inhibition assay indicated that the H3.3.K27M epitope peptide, but not the non-mutant counterpart, has an excellent affinity (Kd 151 nM) to HLA-A2. Furthermore, CTL clones with high and specific affinities to HLA-A2-H3.3.K27M-tetramer were successfully obtained, and α- and β-chain cDNAs from a high-affinity T cell receptor (TCR) were cloned into a lentiviral vector. Human T-cells transduced with the lentiviral TCR demonstrated antigen-specific reactivity. Furthermore, critically important for safety of clinical application, alanine scanning demonstrated that the key amino-acid sequence motif in the epitope for the TCR reactivity is not shared by any known human protein. These data provide us with a strong basis for developing peptide-based vaccines as well as adoptive transfer therapy using autologous T-cells transduced with the TCR.
Denitrification in a batch wastewater treatment system using sequestered organic substances. (1990)

A process incorporating sequencing batch reactors for organic removal and denitrification and a fixed-film device for nitrification was investigated in a bench-scale study. Emphasis was placed on the phenomena of sequestering of organic material and its later use as an electron donor for denitrification. Parameters varied to optimize system performance included the nature of the carbon source, the operating scheme during organic removal, and the nature of the nitrified feed stream to the denitrification stage. It was concluded that aeration for organic removal should be provided only until TOC and oxygen respiration sta bilize, providing a residual source of electron donor for later denitrifi cation. Further, a small amount of nitrite in the denitrification feed stream resulted in a robust population of organisms capable of reducing nitrite faster than nitrate, resulting in a 30% increase in the denitrification rate over systems fed only nitrate as an electron acceptor. Res. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 62, 259 (1990).
Abstract 1965: CRISPR/cas9, an innovative genomic tool to knock down microRNA (2016)

Abstract MicroRNAs are a set of small and non-coding RNA molecules showing the “master” role in regulation of coding-gene expression at the post-transcriptional/translational levels. Several methods have been developed for microRNA loss-of-function study, such as antisense inhibitors and sponges; however, their robustness, specificity, and stability cannot be highly satisfied with the increased demand on microRNA functional research. CRISPR/cas9 system is emerging as a novel genome editing tool that has been exclusively studied in coding-genes knockdown, but its indication in microRNA research has not been explored yet. In this project, we clone CRISPR/cas9 constructs with designated single guide RNAs targeting biogenesis processing sites of the selected microRNAs, miR-200b and miR-17. Our results demonstrate that CRISPR/cas9 can robustly reduce the expression of these microRNAs up to 96%. More significantly, our data support high specificity and low off-target effect of CRISPR/cas9 in editing microRNA genes. Given this feature, it possesses an advantage to knockdown microRNAs in same family or with highly conserved sequences superior to antisense inhibitors and sponges. In addition, for the first time, we demonstrate the long term stability of microRNA knockdown phenotype by CRISPR/cas9 in both in vitro and in vivo models. In conclusion, we develop a novel method by adapting CRISPR/cas9 system to downregulate microRNA expression, which shows improved robustness, specificity, and stability than the previously established methodologies. Citation Format: Hong Chang, Bin Yi, Ruixia Ma, Hongyou Zhao, Yaguang Xi. CRISPR/cas9, an innovative genomic tool to knock down microRNA. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1965.
Fire Alarm Systems for Health Care Facilities (1983)

Fire alarm systems for health care facilities must be designed for early detection, accurate location annunciation, fire department notification, and control of the high voltage alternating current (HVAC) system, and elevators. The designer must keep in mind that the system is designed to initiate a planned response by the hospital staff and the fire brigade without disturbing patients unnecessarily. The fire must be placed under control quickly, because evacuation of seriously ill patients is not always possible.
Zirconocene mediated acetylboron chemistry (2018)

The methyl zirconocene complex Cp*2Zr(Me)OMes reacts with H3C-B(C6F5)2 and CO to give the respective acetyl(methyl)borate Zr complex. Cp*2Zr(H)OMes reacts with H3C-B(C6F5)2 and CO to give the respective acetyl(hydrido)borate Zr product, admixed with a minor amount of the formyl(methyl)borate Zr complex isomer. Prolonged exposure to CO under close to ambient conditions results in the uptake of another CO equivalent to yield the corresponding borata-β-lactone zirconocene product.
Culture-Negative and Culture-Positive Sepsis: A Comparison of Characteristics and Outcomes (2019)

While culture status is important for tailoring antibiotics, culture-negative and culture-positive patients with sepsis demonstrate similar characteristics and, after adjusting for severity of illness, similar mortality. The most important factor associated with negative cultures is receipt of antibiotics during the preceding 48 hours. The risk of death in patients suspected of having an infection is most associated with severity of illness. This is aligned with the Sepsis-3 definition using Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score to better identify those suspected of infection at highest risk of a poor outcome.
BurkDiff: A Real-Time PCR Allelic Discrimination Assay for Burkholderia Pseudomallei and B. mallei (2010)

A real-time PCR assay, BurkDiff, was designed to target a unique conserved region in the B. pseudomallei and B. mallei genomes containing a SNP that differentiates the two species. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed by screening BurkDiff across 469 isolates of B. pseudomallei, 49 isolates of B. mallei, and 390 isolates of clinically relevant non-target species. Concordance of results with traditional speciation methods and no cross-reactivity to non-target species show BurkDiff is a robust, highly validated assay for the detection and differentiation of B. pseudomallei and B. mallei.
Gas spectroscopy using low threshold mid-infrared radiation generated in Si3N4 waveguides (2019)

We report trace-gas absorption spectroscopy based on the efficient generation of a 3.05μm dispersive wave in a Si3N4 waveguide pumped by a 2.09 μm femtosecond mode-locked fiber laser
Evidence that enteroglucagon (II) is identical with the C-terminal sequence (residues 33-69) of glicentin (1982)

Enteroglucagon (II) was isolated from extracts of pig ileum mucosa by repeated gel filtrations, and its immunochemical and chromatographic characteristics were compared with those of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the 33-69 sequence of pig glicentin, before and after digestion with trypsin or trypsin followed by carboxypeptidase B, by using five region-specific assays covering most of the glicentin sequence. Enteroglucagon (II) and the synthetic peptide behave identically under three different conditions of chromatography as determined with all five assays (including a highly specific radioreceptor assay), and gave rise to similar fragments after enzyme digestion. It was therefore concluded that enteroglucagon (II) and the 33-69 sequence of glicentin are most probably identical.
Genome Sequences of Three Helicobacter pylori Strains from Patients with Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma (2015)

Most of the published complete genome sequences of Helicobacter pylori strains are limited to clinical isolates associated with gastritis, peptic ulcers, or gastric cancer. The genome sequences of three H. pylori strains isolated from patients with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma are presented here to facilitate studies of H. pylori-associated MALT lymphomagenesis.
The bright pituitary gland--a normal MR appearance in infancy. (1988)

Signal intensities of the pituitary gland were measured on T1-weighted sagittal MR images of 25 patients younger than 20 years old. We found that the signal intensities in the eight patients who were 8 weeks old or younger were higher (shorter T1) than those in the 17 older patients. We also noted a difference in the signal intensities across the pituitary gland, the signal being higher in the posterior part of the gland than in the anterior part. We attribute the high signal intensities to the rapid intrauterine pituitary growth, so that at term pituitary protein synthetic activity is at a maximum. Possibly, an increase in the bound fraction of the water molecules of the gland may also be present in the neonatal pituitary as compared with the older gland, but this remains to be proved. The higher signal in the posterior pituitary gland may be due to lipid in the pituicyte cells of the posterior pituitary gland.
Inverse dynamic hair modeling with frictional contact (2013)

In the latest years, considerable progress has been achieved for accurately acquiring the geometry of human hair, thus largely improving the realism of virtual characters. In parallel, rich physics-based simulators have been successfully designed to capture the intricate dynamics of hair due to contact and friction. However, at the moment there exists no consistent pipeline for converting a given hair geometry into a realistic physics-based hair model. Current approaches simply initialize the hair simulator with the input geometry in the absence of external forces. This results in an undesired sagging effect when the dynamic simulation is started, which basically ruins all the efforts put into the accurate design and/or capture of the input hairstyle. In this paper we propose the first method which consistently and robustly accounts for surrounding forces---gravity and frictional contacts, including hair self-contacts---when converting a geometric hairstyle into a physics-based hair model. Taking an arbitrary hair geometry as input together with a corresponding body mesh, we interpret the hair shape as a static equilibrium configuration of a hair simulator, in the presence of gravity as well as hair-body and hair-hair frictional contacts. Assuming that hair parameters are homogeneous and lie in a plausible range of physical values, we show that this large underdetermined inverse problem can be formulated as a well-posed constrained optimization problem, which can be solved robustly and efficiently by leveraging the frictional contact solver of the direct hair simulator. Our method was successfully applied to the animation of various hair geometries, ranging from synthetic hairstyles manually designed by an artist to the most recent human hair data automatically reconstructed from capture.
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control: Testing Drivers' Choices of Following Distances (2011)

A Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) system has been developed by adding a wireless vehicle-vehicle communication system and new control logic to an existing commercially available adaptive cruise control (ACC) system. The CACC is intended to enhance the vehicle-following capabilities of ACC so that drivers will be comfortable using it at shorter vehicle-following gaps than ACC. This can offer a significant opportunity to increase traffic flow density and efficiency without compromising safety or expanding roadway infrastructure.This report describes the design and implementation of the CACC system on two Infiniti FX-45 test vehicles, as well as the data acquisition system that has been installed to measure how drivers use the system, so that the impacts of such a system on highway traffic flow capacity and stability can be estimated. The results of quantitative performance testing of the CACC on a test track are presented, followed by the experimental protocol for on-road testing with human subjects. Finally, the results from the field testing by 16 naïve drivers are presented to show the user acceptance and quantitative measurements of how these drivers used the ACC and CACC systems, and how these systems affected their choice of car following gap.
The unique dielectric behaviour of nanosilica epoxy composites (2007)

Nanofillers in epoxy composites sometimes results in unexpected properties. Presented in this paper are some findings on the dielectric properties of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) epoxy resin incorporated with surface modified nanosilica particles. 20 nm particles were used in the investigation and the results were compared with those of 100 nm silica composite. The composites were examined under infrared spectroscopy and XRD and it was found that the surface modification of the nanoparticles lead to a good hydrophobic property and made particles easier to form bonds with the resin. The measurements of the dielectric properties of the composites showed that by adding low dielectric constant nanosilica particles, the dielectric constants of the composite were notably increased as opposed to a drop as one might expect, while the dielectric losses were lowered. The increase phenomenon in dielectric constant is explained in terms of water molecules existence in the composites produced during the process.
Thermodynamic calculation and reference electrode calibration for high temperature molten salts (2008)

Molten salts are important reaction media for chemical and electrochemical processing and have recently attracted attention for their potential in reprocessing and partitioning spent nuclear fuels. Electrochemical measurements are a convenient tool for exploring thermodynamic and kinetic properties of molten salts, but inconsistency in acquired data may arise from the use of inaccurate reference electrodes and differences in thermodynamic calculations. A thermodynamic approach to the calculation of half cell potentials for reactions in molten salts is proposed. As examples, chlorine/chloride and lithium ion/lithium half cell potentials in LiCl–KCl eutectic are thermodynamically analysed. The Ag/AgCl reference electrode is discussed as an example of a high temperature reference electrode. A technique involving in situ transient reduction of constitutive metal ions for the calibration of high temperature reference electrodes is developed which may enable the consistency of acquired data using different reference electrodes in a variety of molten salts. The thermodynamic approach and calibration technique may be extended to ionic liquid and other media at high and low temperatures.
The Off-Stoichiometric Bi1.8Pb0.3Sr2Ca2Cu3.3Ox Target for Thin Films (1996)

X-ray diffraction (XRD), EDAX, AC susceptibility and resistivity measurements has been used as characterization methods for the Bi-2223 monophase target with the starting stoichiometry Bi1.8Pb0.3Sr2Ca2Cu3.3Ox. Pressure parameter is playing an important role in obtaining good superconducting properties for this compound. Critical currents and activation energy has been calculated from susceptibility and magnetoresistivity curves, respectively. The results could be interpreted in terms of TAPS and TAFF models.
High and Interrelated Rates of PD-L1+CD14+ Antigen-Presenting Cells and Regulatory T Cells Mark the Microenvironment of Metastatic Lymph Nodes from Patients with Cervical Cancer (2014)

A better understanding of the microenvironment in relation to lymph node metastasis is essential for the development of effective immunotherapeutic strategies against cervical cancer. In the present study, we investigated the microenvironment of tumor-draining lymph nodes of patients with cervical cancer by comprehensive flow cytometry-based phenotyping and enumeration of immune-cell subsets in tumor-negative (LN(-), n = 20) versus tumor-positive lymph nodes (LN(+), n = 8), and by the study of cytokine release profiles (n = 4 for both LN(-) and LN(+)). We found significantly lower CD4(+) and higher CD8(+) T-cell frequencies in LN(+) samples, accompanied by increased surface levels of activation markers (HLA-DR; ICOS; PD-1; CTLA-4) and the memory marker CD45RO. Furthermore, in LN(+), we found increased rates of a potentially regulatory antigen-presenting cell (APC) subset (CD11c(hi)CD14(+)PD-L1(+)) and of myeloid-derived suppressor cell subsets; the LN(+) APC subset correlated with significantly elevated frequencies of FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). After in vitro stimulation with different Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands (PGN; Poly-IC; R848), we observed higher production levels of IL6, IL10, and TNFα but lower levels of IFNγ in LN(+) samples. We conclude that, despite increased T-cell differentiation and activation, a switch to a profound immune-suppressive microenvironment in LN(+) of patients with cervical cancer will enable immune escape. Our data indicate that the CD14(+)PD-L1(+) APC/Treg axis is a particularly attractive and relevant therapeutic target to specifically tackle microenvironmental immune suppression and thus enhances the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with metastasized cervical cancer.
Large area pulsed laser deposition of aurivilliustype layered perovskite thin films (1997)

Abstract Thin films of Aurivillius-type layered perovskites of Bi4Ti3O12 and SrBi2Ta2O9 have been epitaxially deposited by PLD on SrTiO3 single crystal substrates. Bi4Ti3O12 has been deposited as well on a CeO2/YSZ/Si(100) buffer layer, and on Pt-coated oxidized silicon for electrical measurements. Using a new technique for large area PLD, Bi4Ti3O12 has also been deposited on a whole (100)-oriented 3′′ Si wafer. The obtained films have a homogeneous thickness over the whole wafer corresponding to an area of about 45 cm2. The composition, structure, and electrical properties of the films are presented.