gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Individualized versus fixed dosing of L-asparaginase during intensification therapy in children treated on Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) ALL Consortium Protocol 00–001 (2007)

20000 Background: Asparaginase (ASP) is an important agent in the treatment of ALL, but is associated with multiple toxicities. In an attempt to reduce toxicity and improve ASP tolerability, we investigated individualizing the dose to maintain nadir serum ASP levels at the minimum concentration (0.01 - 0.014 IU/ml) required to achieve asparagine depletion. Methods: 399 children (1–18 years) with newly diagnosed ALL were randomized to receive intramuscular E.coli ASP either as fixed dose (FD) (N=201; 25,000 IU/m 2 /week) or individualized dose (ID) (N=198; 12,500 IU/m 2 /week starting dose, adjusted up or down every 3 weeks based upon nadir serum ASP level) for 30 weeks during post-induction intensification. We report here on 365 randomized patients (pts) who had 7-day nadir ASP levels measured (185 FD and 180 ID). Serum ASP levels were measured prior to ASP doses 2, 4 and every third subsequent dose. ASP-antibodies (ab) were measured every six weeks. Results: The median dose for ID pts was17,500 IU/m 2 (range 6,000–28,000 IU/m 2 ). The median ASP concentration was 0.11 IU/ml (range &lt; 0.025- 2.16 IU/ml) for FD (N=1190 samples) and 0.08 IU/ml (range &lt; 0.025–0.74 IU/ml) for ID (N= 1238 samples) (p&lt;0.01). The interpatient variability in ASP concentration was smaller for ID vs. FD at all 10 time points measured. The proportion of pts who had detectable E.coli-ASP antibodies did not differ between the two arms (35% FD vs. 40% ID) (p= 0.33). The median ASP concentration was lower for ab-positive pts (0.08 IU/ml vs. 0.1 IU/ml, (p&lt;0.01). Toxicity was similar in the two arms: local allergy: 6% FD vs. 8% ID (p= 0.55); systemic allergy: 12% FD vs. 14% ID (p= 0.54); pancreatitis: 5% FD vs. 7% ID (p= 0.66); thrombosis: 8% FD vs. 7% ID (p= 0.84). No association was observed between nadir ASP levels and either pancreatitis or thrombosis. Conclusions: Individualized dosing of E.coli ASP during intensification therapy reduced peak nadir ASP levels and interpatient variability but did not significantly decrease the incidence of ASP-related toxicity. Longer follow-up is necessary to determine event-free survival of the randomized pts. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Detecting anomalies in cellular networks using an ensemble method (2013)

The Self-Organizing Networks (SON) concept includes the functional area known as self-healing, which aims to automate the detection and diagnosis of, and recovery from, network degradations and outages. This paper focuses on the problem of cell anomaly detection, addressing partial and complete degradations in cell-service performance, and it proposes an adaptive ensemble method framework for modeling cell behavior. The framework uses Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to determine cell-performance status and is able to cope with legitimate system changes (i.e., concept drift). The results, generated using real cellular network data, suggest that the proposed ensemble method automatically and significantly improves the detection quality over univariate and multivariate methods, while using intrinsic system knowledge to enhance performance.
Contralateral C7 nerve transfer in the treatment of upper-extremity paralysis: a review of anatomical basis, surgical approaches, and neurobiological mechanisms (2022)

The previous three decades have witnessed a prosperity of contralateral C7 nerve (CC7) transfer in the treatment of upper-extremity paralysis induced by both brachial plexus avulsion injury and central hemiplegia. From the initial subcutaneous route to the pre-spinal route and the newly-established post-spinal route, this surgical operation underwent a series of innovations and refinements, with the aim of shortening the regeneration distance and even achieving direct neurorrhaphy. Apart from surgical efforts for better peripheral nerve regeneration, brain involvement in functional improvements after CC7 transfer also stimulated scientific interest. This review summarizes recent advances of CC7 transfer in the treatment of upper-extremity paralysis of both peripheral and central causes, which covers the neuroanatomical basis, the evolution of surgical approach, and central mechanisms. In addition, motor cortex stimulation is discussed as a viable rehabilitation treatment in boosting functional recovery after CC7 transfer. This knowledge will be beneficial towards improving clinical effects of CC7 transfer.
Mapping of heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA deletions in Kearns-Sayre syndrome (1989)

Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) is a progressive neuromuscular disease characterised by ophtalmoplegia, cardiac bloc branch, pigmentary retinopathy associated with abnormal mitochondrial function. We have studied the mitochondrial DNA organization of patients presenting KSS and have found large deletions ranging from 3 to 8.5 kilobase pairs. DNA molecules containing deletion are accompanied by the presence of the normal sized mtDNA molecule forming heteroplasmic genomes. The deletions always map in the region which is potentially single stranded during mitochondrial DNA replication. The deletions differ in length and position between individuals but are similar within the different tissues of an individual suggesting that they arise during or before embryogenesis.
Analysis by proteomics reveals unique circulatory proteins in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2019)

This study further validates the combinational use of non-targeted discovery proteomics (iTRAQ) with targeted quantitation by mass spectrometry (MRM) of soluble biomarkers to identify potentially important molecules and pathways for pulmonary diseases such as IPF.
Progress on PEEM3 - An Aberration Corrected X-Ray PhotoemissionElectron Microscope at the ALS (2006)

A new ultrahigh-resolution photoemission electron microscope called PEEM3 is being developed and built at the Advanced Light Source (ALS). An electron mirror combined with a much-simplified magnetic dipole separator is to be used to provide simultaneous correction of spherical and chromatic aberrations. It is installed on an elliptically polarized undulator (EPU) beamline, and will be operated with very high spatial resolution and high flux to study the composition, structure, electric and magnetic properties of complex materials. The instrument has been designed and is described. The instrumental hardware is being deployed in 2 phases. The first phase is the deployment of a standard PEEM type microscope consisting of the standard linear array of electrostatic electron lenses. The second phase will be the installation of the aberration corrected upgrade to improve resolution and throughput. This paper describes progress as the instrument enters the commissioning part of the first phase.
ChemInform Abstract: TRIFLUOROMETHYLARYL(ALKYL)CARBODIIMIDES (1980)

Abstract Perfluorazapropen (I) reagiert mit Anilinen (II) zu Gemischen von Azapropenylaminen (III) und Carbodiimiden (IV).
Narrating the Law: Possibilities, Pitfalls and Prospects (2014)

This article explores the possibilities and limits of using narrative analysis as a socio-legal method to illuminate issues of law and justice. It defines narrative analysis, explores the different ways the method has been used in the social sciences, and critically evaluates its use in interdisciplinary research on sexual harassment.
High aspect ratio taper-free microchannel fabrication using femtosecond Bessel beams (2010)

We present a systematic study of femtosecond laser microchannel machining in glass using nondiffracting Bessel beams. In particular, our results identify a source and focusing parameter working window where high aspect ratio taper-free microchannels can be reproducibly produced without sample translation. With appropriate source parameters, we machine channels of 2 microm diameter and with aspect ratios up to 40. We propose the filamentation stability of the Bessel beam propagation as the critical factor underlying the controlled and reproducible results that have been obtained.
Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales Isolated from Dogs and Cats, 2011–2021 (2023)

The rising prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales is a significant threat to animal and human health. This study aims to describe the clinical features, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and genotypic features of infections associated with ESBL-producing Enterobacterales in dogs and cats seen at a tertiary referral veterinary teaching hospital. Enterobacterales isolated from dogs and cats that underwent ESBL testing during the study period were identified using a search of the hospital antimicrobial susceptibility test software database. Medical records of confirmed ESBL isolates were reviewed, and the source of infection, clinical findings, and antimicrobial susceptibility were recorded. Genomic DNA from bacterial isolates was evaluated for antimicrobial resistance genes with whole genome sequencing. Thirty ESBL-producing isolates were identified based on phenotypic testing (twenty-nine from dogs, one from a cat); twenty-six were <i>Escherichia coli</i> and the remainder were <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. Bacterial cystitis was the most commonly identified (8/30, 27%) clinical problem associated with infection. Resistance to three or more antimicrobial classes was identified in 90% (27/30) of isolates, and all isolates were susceptible to imipenem. Over 70% of isolates were susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin, and cefoxitin. <i>Bla</i><sub>CTX-M-15</sub> was the most common ESBL gene identified, present in 13/22 (59%) isolate genomes. A wide range of clinical infections were identified. Piperacillin-tazobactam and amikacin may be alternatives to carbapenem therapy. Further, larger-scale studies are needed.
Photovoltaically powered modulating retroreflector optical data links (2005)

The development of a photovoltaically (PV) powered, laser communication system that constitutes a miniature, highly energy-efficient wireless communication technology is described. The technology is based on the direct integration of a multi-quantum well (MQW) modulating retroreflector (MRR) optical communication node and a monolithically integrated module (MIM) PV power source. The MQW MRR optical data link exploits the shift in the MQW absorption peak under an applied reverse bias to modulate incident laser light enabling binary encoding of data for transfer. A MIM consists of many individual solar cells monolithically integrated on a single substrate and offers the design versatility necessary to allow efficient electrical conversion of both incident sunlight and the system laser-light and the ability to match the voltage output to the MRR requirements. A description of the development of the MRR and MIM components of the system along with the power management and distribution circuitry is given. Results of bench-top demonstrations of the operational system are presented.
Synthesis and Transformation of Linear Adamantane Assemblies inside Carbon Nanotubes (2012)

We report the assembly and thermal transformation of linear diamondoid assemblies inside carbon nanotubes. Our calculations and observations indicate that these molecules undergo selective reactions within the narrow confining space of a carbon nanotube. Upon vacuum annealing of adamantane molecules encapsulated in a carbon nanotube, we observe a sharp Raman feature at 1857 cm(-1), which we interpret as a stretching mode of carbon chains formed by thermal conversion of adamantane inside a carbon nanotube. Introduction of pure hydrogen during thermal annealing, however, suppresses the formation of carbon chains and seems to keep adamantane intact.
MitoMiner v3.1, an update on the mitochondrial proteomics database (2015)

Mitochondrial proteins remain the subject of intense research interest due to their implication in an increasing number of different conditions including mitochondrial and metabolic disease, cancer, and neuromuscular degenerative and age-related disorders. However, the mitochondrial proteome has yet to be accurately and comprehensively defined, despite many studies. To support mitochondrial research, we developed MitoMiner (http://mitominer.mrc-mbu.cam.ac.uk), a freely accessible mitochondrial proteomics database. MitoMiner integrates different types of subcellular localisation evidence with protein information from public resources, and so provides a comprehensive central resource for data on mitochondrial protein localisation. Here we report important updates to the database including the addition of subcellular immunofluorescent staining results from the Human Protein Atlas, computational predictions of mitochondrial targeting sequences, and additional large-scale mass-spectrometry and GFP tagging data sets. This evidence is shared across the 12 species in MitoMiner (now including Schizosaccharomyces pombe) by homology mapping. MitoMiner provides multiple ways of querying the data including simple text searches, predefined queries and custom queries created using the interactive QueryBuilder. For remote programmatic access, API's are available for several programming languages. This combination of data and flexible querying makes MitoMiner a unique platform to investigate mitochondrial proteins, with application in mitochondrial research and prioritising candidate mitochondrial disease genes.
Endothelial cell seeded dacron aortobifurcated grafts: platelet deposition and long-term follow-up. (1994)

In summary with our single-staged technique for seeding of endothelial cells to a graft limb in a high flow situation no effect on platelet activity at two months was found and long-term outcome was not obviously influenced.
The surface silylating process using chemical amplification resist for electron beam lithography (1990)

This paper describes the surface silylating process for electron beam (EB) lithography. Surface reaction and dry development processes have many advantages for electron beam lithography. The original three components resist named SIMPLE (SIlylating resist using chemical aMPlification for Electron beam) is developed for EB silylating process. High sensitivity is attained by using chemical amplification reaction and the optimization of resist contents. The reaction mechanism is examined using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. It is found that the silylation rate in the unexposed area is controlled by the reaction rate at the silylation front, and the silylation is suppressed by the limited diffusion rate of the silylating agent in the exposed area. Submicron resist patterns with a thickness of 1.4 μm are successfully fabricated even in a single layer process.
Arginine enhances glycogen synthesis in response to insulin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (1995)

The present study was undertaken to define the role of L-arginine (L-Arg) in glucose metabolism in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes in culture. L-Arg alone had no effect on 2-deoxyglucose uptake or basal glycogen synthesis, but this amino acid increased by 153 +/- 10% (P < 0.01) the incorporation of glucose into glycogen in insulin-treated cells. L-Glutamate (L-Glu), a major metabolite of L-Arg, also enhanced insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis. The response to insulin was not altered by L-lysine (L-Lys), but the effect of L-Arg was markedly attenuated by L-Lys. Cell incubation with L-Arg markedly enhanced arginase-mediated urea synthesis, whereas L-Lys abolished this response. The stimulatory effect of L-Arg on insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis did not appear to be accounted for by the generation of polyamines or the production of nitric oxide, both potentially derived from the enzymatic conversion of L-Arg. In the presence of insulin, cellular ATP levels were significantly increased by L-Arg, L-Glu, and L-Lys as well. These data suggest that metabolic degradation of L-Arg not related to citric acid cycle activity is important in the mechanism by which L-Arg enhances insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis.
Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions in Skin Drug Delivery (2022)

Microemulsions and nanoemulsions are lipid-based pharmaceutical systems with a high potential to increase the permeation of drugs through the skin. Although being isotropic dispersions of two nonmiscible liquids (oil and water), significant differences are encountered between microemulsions and nanoemulsions. Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable o/w emulsions of mean droplet size approximately 100-400 nm, whereas nanoemulsions are thermodynamically unstable o/w emulsions of mean droplet size approximately 1 to 100 nm. Their inner oil phase allows the solubilization of lipophilic drugs, achieving high encapsulation rates, which are instrumental for drug delivery. In this review, the importance of these systems, the key differences regarding their composition and production processes are discussed. While most of the micro/nanoemulsions on the market are held by the cosmetic industry to enhance the activity of drugs used in skincare products, the development of novel pharmaceutical formulations designed for the topical, dermal and transdermal administration of therapeutic drugs is being considered. The delivery of poorly water-soluble molecules through the skin has shown some advantages over the oral route, since drugs escape from first-pass metabolism; particularly for the treatment of cutaneous diseases, topical delivery should be the preferential route in order to reduce the number of drugs used and potential side-effects, while directing the drugs to the site of action. Thus, nanoemulsions and microemulsions represent versatile options for the delivery of drugs through lipophilic barriers, and many synthetic and natural compounds have been formulated using these delivery systems, aiming to improve stability, delivery and bioactivity. Detailed information is provided concerning the most relevant recent scientific publications reporting the potential of these delivery systems to increase the skin permeability of drugs with anti-inflammatory, sun-protection, anticarcinogenic and/or wound-healing activities. The main marketed skincare products using emulsion-based systems are also presented and discussed.
Pathways of microbial metabolism of parathion (1976)

A mixed bacterial culture, consisting of a minimum of nine isolates, was adapted to growth on technical parathion (PAR) as a sole carbon and energy source. The primary oxidative pathway for PAR metabolism involved an initial hydrolysis to yield diethylthiophosphoric acid and p-nitrophenol. A secondary oxidative pathway involved the oxidation of PAR to paraoxon and then hydrolysis to yield p-nitrophenol and diethylphosphoric acid. Under low oxgen conditions PAR was reduced via a third pathway to p-aminoparathion and subsequently hydrolyzed to p-aminophenol and diethylthiophosphoric acid. PAR hydrolase, an enzyme produced by an isolate from the mixed culture, rapidly hydrolyzed PAR and paraoxon (6.0 mumol/mg per min). This enzyme was inducible and stable at room temperature and retained 100% of its activity when heated for 55 C for 10 min.
Observation of excited Ωc charmed baryons in e+e− collisions (2018)

Using the entire Belle data sample of $980\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collisions, we present the results of a study of excited ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}$ charmed baryons in the decay mode ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Xi}}}_{c}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. We show confirmation of four of the five narrow states reported by the LHCb Collaboration: the ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}(3000)$, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}(3050)$, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}(3066)$, and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}(3090)$.
Nutritional composition and safety aspects of edible insects (2013)

Insects, a traditional food in many parts of the world, are highly nutritious and especially rich in proteins and thus represent a potential food and protein source. A compilation of 236 nutrient compositions in addition to amino acid spectra and fatty acid compositions as well as mineral and vitamin contents of various edible insects as derived from literature is given and the risks and benefits of entomophagy are discussed. Although the data were subject to a large variation, it could be concluded that many edible insects provide satisfactorily with energy and protein, meet amino acid requirements for humans, are high in MUFA and/or PUFA, and rich in several micronutrients such as copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorous, selenium, and zinc as well as riboflavin, pantothenic acid, biotin, and in some cases folic acid. Liabilities of entomophagy include the possible content of allergenic and toxic substances as well as antinutrients and the presence of pathogens. More data are required for a thorough assessment of the nutritional potential of edible insects and proper processing and decontamination methods have to be developed to ensure food safety.
Modification of Antibody Function by Mutagenesis (2017)

The ability to "fine-tune" recombinant antibodies by mutagenesis separates recombinant antibodies from hybridoma-derived antibodies because the latter are locked with respect to their properties. Recombinant antibodies can be modified to suit the application: Changes in isotype, format (e.g., scFv, Fab, bispecific antibodies), and specificity can be made once the heavy- and light-chain sequences are available. After immunoglobulin heavy and light chains for a particular antibody have been cloned, the binding site-namely, the complementarity determining regions (CDR)-can be manipulated by mutagenesis to obtain antibody variants with improved properties. The method described here is relatively simple, uses commercially available reagents, and is effective. Using the pComb3H vector, a commercial mutagenesis kit, <i>PfuTurbo</i> polymerase (Agilent), and two mutagenic primers, a library of phage with mutagenized heavy and light CDR3 can be obtained.
Extreme-value properties of the explosion-time distribution in a pure birth process (1982)

In each of a large number N of independent cells a breakdown mechanism is under way and proceeds until the first of the cells actually fails. At such a time, in each cell, the situation reverts to some initial state and the mechanism restarts. In this paper we consider those mechanisms for which breakdown may be modelled as the explosion of a pure birth process. Of interest is the distribution of time between failures and the possibility of estimating N and/or model parameters by observing a sequence of failure times. Saddlepoint approximation methods are used in the relevant extreme-value theory analysis for two important cases.