gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Search for Low-Mass Quark-Antiquark Resonances Produced in Association with a Photon at s=13  TeV (2019)

A search for narrow low-mass resonances decaying to quark-antiquark pairs is presented. The search is based on proton-proton collision events collected at 13 TeV by the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb^{-1}, recorded in 2016. The search considers the case where the resonance has high transverse momentum due to initial-state radiation of a hard photon. To study this process, the decay products of the resonance are reconstructed as a single large-radius jet with two-pronged substructure. The signal would be identified as a localized excess in the jet invariant mass spectrum. No evidence for such a resonance is observed in the mass range 10 to 125 GeV. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the coupling strength of resonances decaying to quark pairs. The results obtained with this photon trigger strategy provide the first direct constraints on quark-antiquark resonance masses below 50 GeV obtained at a hadron collider.
Comparison of a recursive T-matrix method and the FDTD method for scattering problems in lossy dispersive soil (1998)

A comparison between two forward solving methods, recursive T- matrix and FDTD, is presented. The strengths and weaknesses of both methods are discussed. The recursive T-matrix method is a fast solver that is well suited to solutions in homogeneous media where the scatterers are bodies of rotation. The FDTD method is best suited to complicated and realistic problems involving inhomogeneities, rough surface interfaces and irregular shaped scatterers. Numeric results from both methods are presented.
Spectrum usage for various SDM scenarios (2017)

Space division multiplexing (SDM) seems to be a promising solution with the scaling potential to overcome the possible capacity crunch problem in optical backbone networks. The main goal of this paper is to provide a detailed analysis of three SDM scenarios, namely, SDM-Fixed, SDM-Single, and SDM-Flexible in terms of the spectrum usage and the wastage of spectral resources due to guardbands and resource overprovisioning.
A variable transverse stiffness sandwich structure using fluidic flexible matrix composites (F2MC) (2008)

Presented in this paper is the development of a novel honeycomb sandwich panel with variable transverse stiffness. In this structure, the traditional sandwich face sheets are replaced by the fluidic flexible matrix composite (F<sup>2</sup>MC) tube layers developed in recent studies. The F<sup>2</sup>MC layers, combined with the anisotropic honeycomb core material properties, provide a new sandwich structure with variable stiffness properties for transverse loading. In this research, an analytical model is derived based on Lekhitskii's anisotropic pressurized tube solution and Timoshenko beam theory. Experimental investigations are also conducted to verify the analytical findings. A segmented multiple-F<sup>2</sup>MC-tube configuration is synthesized to increase the variable stiffness range. The analysis shows that the new honeycomb sandwich structure using F<sup>2</sup>MC tubes of 10 segments can provide a high/low transverse stiffness ratio of 60. Segmentation and stiffness control can be realized by an embedded valve network, granting a fast response time.
Fractal model of consolidation of weakly aggregated colloidal dispersions (1996)

A microrheological model for the consolidation of aggregated colloidal dispersion is presented. Interparticle forces are responsible for the formation of the fractal-like network of particles chains. Aggregation is supposed to be weak in that the chains are gradually created and annihilated. In the framework of this model a constitutive equation is proposed which includes linear dependence of the normal stress upon consolidation rate at low stresses and yieldlike behavior as the stress reaches critical value. Our constitutive equation thus generalizes earlier models based on the compressive yield stress concept by taking into account the deformation in the low-compression limit (analog to the Newtonian flow in the low-shear limit). The constitutive equation is employed to calculate numerically concentration profiles of consolidating samples in better agreement with the experimental data for weakly aggregated alumina dispersions. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Classes of Multiagent Q-learning Dynamics with epsilon-greedy Exploration (2010)

Q-learning in single-agent environments is known to converge in the limit given sufficient exploration. The same algorithm has been applied, with some success, in multi-agent environments, where traditional analysis techniques break down. Using established dynamical systems methods, we derive and study an idealization of Q-learning in 2-player 2-action repeated general-sum games. In particular, we address the discontinuous case of e-greedy exploration and use it as a proxy for value-based algorithms to highlight a contrast with existing results in policy search. Analogously to previous results for gradient ascent algorithms, we provide a complete catalog of the convergence behavior of the e-greedy Q-learning algorithm by introducing new subclasses of these games. We identify two subclasses of Prisoner's Dilemma-like games where the application of Q-learning with e-greedy exploration results in higher-than-Nash average payoffs for some initial conditions.
Directional Control in Thermally Driven Single-Molecule Nanocars (2005)

With the hope of directing future bottom-up fabrication through bulk external stimuli (such as electric fields) on nanometer-sized transporters, we sought to study controlled molecular motion on surfaces through the rational design of surface-capable molecular structures called nanocars. Here we show that the observed movement of the nanocars is a new type of fullerene-based wheel-like rolling motion, not stick-slip or sliding translation, due to evidence including directional preference in both direct and indirect manipulation and studies of related molecular structures.
Network Architecture (2011)

This chapter presents the overall Evolved Packet System (EPS) network architecture, giving an overview of the functions provided by the Core Network (CN) and Evolved-Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN). The protocol stack across the different interfaces is then explained, along with an overview of the functions provided by the different protocol layers. The chapter outlines the end-to-end bearer path including Quality of Service (QoS) aspects, provides details of a typical procedure for establishing a bearer and discusses the inter-working with legacy systems for Circuit-Switched (CS) voice services. The remainder of it presents the network interfaces in detail, with particular focus on the E-UTRAN interfaces and associated procedures, including those for the support of user mobility. The network elements and interfaces used solely to support broadcast services are covered. Controlled Vocabulary Terms open systems; quality of service; radio access networks
A Theory for Predicting Pressure Gradients for Two-Phase Critical Flow (1963)

Critical two-phase, steam - water flows have been measured in horizontal test sections with pipe diameters of 0.125 and 0.269 in. internal diameter (i.d.) over a range of qualities from 0.01 to 0.7, mass velocities from 500 to 4200 lb/sec-ft2, and critical pressures from 40 to 360 lb /in.2 absolute. The critical flow data and a theory for the critical flow phenomena have been discussed (1, 2). In this paper an analysis for the pressure drop data in the approach region to critical flow is presented. The flow mixture accelerates to critical flow at the end of the test sections, and thus the pressure drop data are for flow regimes in which both momentum and frictional losses are important. By utilizing the model developed for estimating critical discharge rates (1), two-phase friction factors were calculated from the experimental data. The friction factors obtained correlated well in terms of the two-phase quality and appear to be independent of flow rate, static pressure, and test geometry for the conditions examined.
Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions (2009)

As states deal with climate change, many seek economically efficient ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The most popular market-based approach, cap and trade—which limits greenhouse gas emissions and allows emitters to trade allowances—now is being implemented in more than 10 states. Despite the popularity of cap and trade, many economists think a carbon tax is the least costly and simplest approach. Although few states have considered a carbon tax, San Francisco, Calif., and Boulder, Colo. have created small carbon taxes.
Serum Levels of Progranulin Do Not Reflect Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels in Neurodegenerative Disease. (2016)

Altered progranulin levels play a major role in neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's dementia (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), even in the absence of GRN mutations. Increasing progranulin levels could hereby provide a novel treatment strategy. However, knowledge on progranulin regulation in neurodegenerative diseases remains limited. We here demonstrate that cerebrospinal fluid progranulin levels do not correlate with its serum levels in AD, FTD and ALS, indicating a differential regulation of its central and peripheral levels in neurodegeneration. Blood progranulin levels thus do not reliably predict central nervous progranulin levels and their response to future progranulin-increasing therapeutics.
Mitigating the exposed node problem in IEEE 802.11 ad hoc networks (2004)

The enhancements to the IEEE 802.11 DCF MAC protocol which enable nodes to identify themselves as exposed nodes and to opportunistically schedule concurrent transmissions whenever possible, thereby improving utilization and mitigating the exposed node problem are described. The algorithm makes minimal changes to the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. It does not require the introduction of new frame types or changes to existing frame formats. We show, using simulations in GloMoSim, that it provides significant improvement in throughput.
Synergistic photodynamic therapeutic effect of indole-3-acetic acid using a pH sensitive nano-carrier based on poly(aspartic acid-graft-imidazole)-poly(ethylene glycol) (2017)

Poly(aspartic acid-graft-imidazole)-poly(ethylene glycol) (P(Asp-g-Im)-PEG) was utilized as a pH-sensitive nanocarrier of the photosensitizer indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) for the treatment of skin cancer. IAA loaded micelles (ILMs) exhibited the formation of ca. 140 nm spherical particles at pH 7.4. The micelles disintegrated at acidic pHs, resulting in pH-dependent IAA release and cytotoxicity. Treatment of ILMs with visible light at a wavelength of 480 nm caused pH dependent synergistic cell damage in both in vitro and in vivo models using the B16F10 melanoma cell line. Interestingly, ILMs synergistically produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) at an acidic pH of 6.5 with visible light irradiation by proton coupled electron transfer (PCET). The pH sensitive ILMs could be considered a potent nanomedicine used to exert synergistic photodynamic therapeutic effects to treat cancers.
ChemInform Abstract: Characterization of Supported Nanoporous Carbon Membranes (SNPCMs). (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cover Feature: Polymeric Metal Salen‐Type Complexes as Catalysts for Photoelectrocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production (ChemElectroChem 21/2018) (2018)

The Cover Feature illustrates light-driven oxygen reduction to hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by polymerized Ni–salen complexes. More information can be found in the Communication by A. S. Konev et al on page 3138 in Issue 21, 2018 (DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800846).
Integrated DQPSK transmitters (2005)

Integration of multiple functionality on a single chip has enabled the development of compact DQPSK transmitters for optical transmission. High performance and stable operation allow the key attributes of the DQPSK format to be demonstrated.
Differential methylation of genes and repeats in land plants (2005)

The hypomethylated fraction of plant genomes is usually enriched in genes and can be selectively cloned using methylation filtration (MF). Therefore, MF has been used as a gene enrichment technology in sorghum and maize, where gene enrichment was proportional to genome size. Here we apply MF to a broad variety of plant species spanning a wide range of genome sizes. Differential methylation of genic and non-genic sequences was observed in all species tested, from non-vascular to vascular plants, but in some cases, such as wheat and pine, a lower than expected level of enrichment was observed. Remarkably, hexaploid wheat and pine show a dramatically large number of gene-like sequences relative to other plants. In hexaploid wheat, this apparent excess of genes may reflect an abundance of methylated pseudogenes, which may thus be more prevalent in recent polyploids.
How correct is a velocity model? (2008)

We discuss fundamental properties of the kinematic inversion problem. We argue that the inverse problem is illposed and generally does not have solution in a strictly defined sense. The solution of the inverse problem based on the best fit of observed and calculated reflection travel times may result in several subsurface models with significantly different geological meaning, but which all fit the observed data equally well. Does the seismic method have the potential to resolve such problems? We present and discuss one of the possibilities related to the use of a simple locally homogeneous model.
Screening auf Galaktose-1-phosphat-uridyl-transferase-Mangel (klassische Galaktosämie) bei Neugeborenen (1977)

Screening auf Galaktose-1-phosphat-uridyl-transferase-Mangel (klassische Galaktosämie) bei Neugeborenen was published in Band 36, Heft 5-6 VIIIth Symposium Structure and Function of Erythrocytes, Part II on page 797.
43.2: More Realistic Colors from Small‐Gamut Mobile Displays (2004)

Abstract New displays, like mobile LCDs and OLEDs, usually cannot show the primary colors (Red, Green, and Blue) required by the EBU‐standard. Consequently, these displays have poor color rendition. This paper describes a relatively simple color‐mapping algorithm that improves the color rendition of such displays considerably.
From DTI to CTI: The role of anisotropic conductivity of the white matter tissue - an EEG FEM simulation study (2006)

Autor: Güllmar, Daniel et al.; Genre: Meeting Abstract; Im Druck veröffentlicht: 2006; Titel: From DTI to CTI: The role of anisotropic conductivity of the white matter tissue - an EEG FEM simulation study
Dual interferometer for dynamic measurement of corneal topography (2016)

The cornea is the anterior most surface of the eye and plays a critical role in vision. A thin fluid layer, the tear film, coats the outer surface of the cornea and serves to protect, nourish, and lubricate the cornea. At the same time, the tear film is responsible for creating a smooth continuous surface, where the majority of refraction takes place in the eye. A significant component of vision quality is determined by the shape of the cornea and stability of the tear film. A dual interferometer system for measuring the dynamic corneal topography is designed, built, verified, and qualified by testing on human subjects. The system consists of two coaligned simultaneous phase-shifting polarization-splitting Twyman–Green interferometers. The primary interferometer measures the surface of the tear film while the secondary interferometer tracks the absolute position of the cornea, which provides enough information to reconstruct the absolute shape of the cornea. The results are high-resolution and high-accuracy surface topography measurements of the in vivo tear film and cornea that are captured at standard camera frame rates.
Conductance and Geometry of Pyridine-Linked Single-Molecule Junctions (2010)

We have measured the conductance and characterized molecule-electrode binding geometries of four pyridine-terminated molecules by elongating and then compressing gold point contacts in a solution of molecules. We have found that all pyridine-terminated molecules exhibit bistable conductance signatures, signifying that the nature of the pyridine-gold bond allows two distinct conductance states that are accessed as the gold-molecule-gold junction is elongated. We have identified the low-conductance state as corresponding to a molecule fully stretched out between the gold electrodes, where the distance between contacts correlates with the length of the molecule; the high-conductance state is due to a molecule bound at an angle. For all molecules, we have found that the distribution of junction elongations in the low-conductance state is the same, while in the high-conductance state, the most likely elongation length increases linearly with molecule length. The results of first-principles conductance calculations for the four molecules in the low-conductance geometry agree well with the experimental results and show that the dominant conducting channel in the conjugated pyridine-linked molecules is through the pi* orbital.
Electroexcitation of Xe I energy levels in the 18-24 eV autoionization region (1977)

An electron energy-loss spectrum and five differential excitation functions of bound states of Xe I have been measured in the autoionization region, 18 to 24 eV. An attempt is made to interpret the numerous peaks of the spectrum and the perturbations present in the excitation functions. Singly and doubly excited neutral states and temporary negative-ion states are involved. The results obtained by electron spectrometry are compared with those obtained by photoabsorption and transmission spectroscopies.
Recombinant Organisms (Patent WO 2014/053821 A1) (2014)

The invention relates to genetically modified organisms with enhanced production of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.\n\n
QTc Dynamics Following Cardioversion for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (2022)

ECV of patients with persistent AF was associated with increased transient risk of QTc prolongation in nearly half of the patients. Peak median QTc occurs during end of second day following ECV and prolonged ECG monitoring provides superior detection of significant QTc prolongation compared with conventional monitoring.
Probing Morbid Mechanism of Inherited Disease Based on Network Construction Approach (2011)

Disease phenotype network was constructed based on our devised network construction approach,and then analyzed in aspects of topology and function.Our results suggested that relevant diseases have some relevance in molecular mechanism,which providing clinic guidance for drug target selection of related diseases.
Total Syntheses of (+)-Ricinelaidic Acid Lactone and of (−)-Gloeosporone Based on Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C−C Bond Formations (1997)

Total syntheses of the macrolides (R)-(+)-ricinelaidic acid lactone (6) and (−)-gloeosporone (7), a fungal germination self-inhibitor, are presented, which are distinctly shorter and more efficient than any of the previous approaches to these targets reported in the literature. Both of them benefit from the remarkable ease of macrocyclization of 1,ω-dienes by means of ring-closing olefin metathesis (RCM) using the ruthenium carbene 1a as catalyst precursor. The diene substrates are readily formed via the enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc reagents to aldehydes in the presence of catalytic amounts of Ti(OiPr)4 and bis-triflamide 18 and/or the stereoselective allylation of aldehydes developed by Keck et al. using allyltributylstannane in combination with a catalyst formed from Ti(OiPr)4 and (S)-(−)-1,1‘-bi-2-naphthol. Comparative studies show this latter procedure to be more practical than the stoichiometric allylation reaction employing the allyltitanium−α,α,α‘,α‘-tetraaryl-1,3-dioxolane-4,5-dimethanol complex 3b. Finally, a method for the efficient ring closure of 4-pentenoic acid esters by RCM is presented that relies on the joint use of 1a and Ti(OiPr)4 as a binary catalyst system. These results not only expand the scope of RCM to previously unreactive substrates but also provide additional evidence for the important role of ligation of the evolving ruthenium carbene center to a polar relay substituent on the substrate which constitutes the necessary internal bias for the RCM-based macrocyclization process.
Early Antiretroviral Therapy Prevents Viral Infection of Monocytes and Inflammation in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques (2020)

Despite early antiretroviral therapy (ART), treatment interruption is associated with viral rebound, indicating early viral reservoir (VR) seeding and absence of full eradication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that may persist in tissues. Herein, we address the contributing role of monocytes in maintaining VRs under ART, since these cells may represent a source of viral dissemination due to their ability to replenish mucosal tissues in response to injury. To this aim, monocytes with classical (CD14<sup>+</sup>), intermediate (CD14<sup>+</sup> CD16<sup>+</sup>), and nonclassical (CD16<sup>+</sup>) phenotypes and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells were sorted from the blood, spleen, and intestines of untreated and early-ART-treated simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques (RMs) before and after ART interruption. Cell-associated SIV DNA and RNA were quantified. We demonstrated that in the absence of ART, monocytes were productively infected with replication-competent SIV, especially in the spleen. Reciprocally, early ART efficiently (i) prevented the establishment of monocyte VRs in the blood, spleen, and intestines and (ii) reduced systemic inflammation, as indicated by changes in interleukin-18 (IL-18) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) plasma levels. ART interruption was associated with a rebound in viremia that led to the rapid productive infection of both CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and monocytes. Altogether, our results reveal the benefits of early ART initiation in limiting the contribution of monocytes to VRs and SIV-associated inflammation.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Despite the administration of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persists in treated individuals and ART interruption is associated with viral rebound. Persistent chronic immune activation and inflammation contribute to disease morbidity. Whereas monocytes are infected by HIV/SIV, their role as viral reservoirs (VRs) in visceral tissues has been poorly explored. Our work demonstrates that monocyte cell subsets in the blood, spleen, and intestines do not significantly contribute to the establishment of early VRs in SIV-infected rhesus macaques treated with ART. By preventing the infection of these cells, early ART reduces systemic inflammation. However, following ART interruption, monocytes are rapidly reinfected. Altogether, our findings shed new light on the benefits of early ART initiation in limiting VR and inflammation.
EXPRESIÓN HETERÓLOGA Y PURIFICACIÓN DE UNA AZOREDUCTASA RECOMBINANTE DE Bacillus subtilis (2017)

Las industrias generan grandes cantidades de contaminantes entre ellos los colorantes tipo “azo” y el cromo(VI) por ello la biorremediacion con microorganismos o las enzimas que estos producen como la proteina YhdA pueden ser una alternativa para contrarrestar los efectos nocivos de estos contaminantes. El gen yhdA de Bacillus subtilis codifica para una proteina que pertenece a un grupo de enzimas denominado FMN- Oxido Reductasas, estas reducen el Cr (VI) a Cr (III) sin generar subproductos. En el presente trabajo se utilizaron herramientas moleculares para generar las condiciones optimas en la induccion y purificacion de la proteina YhdA de B. subtilis sobreproducida en un huesped heterologo.