gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Special Section on the Fifty-First Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS 2010) (2014)

This special section contains five selected papers from the 50th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS 2010) sponsored by the IEEE Technical Committee on Mathematical Foundations of Computing. The conference was held in Las Vegas, Nevada, October 23-26, 2010. The conference program consisted of 81 papers, which the program committee selected from 270 submissions. The program committee was composed of Scott Aaronson, Dorit Aharonov, Eli Ben-Sasson, Julia Chuzhoy, Ryan O'Donnell, Roberto Grossi, Nick Harvey, Adam Kalai, Nicole Immorlica, Yuval Ishai, Lap Chi Lau, James Lee, Tal Malkin, Joe Mitchell, Dana Moshkovitz, S. Muthukrishnan, Christos Papadimitriou, Sofya Raskhodnikova, Steve Skiena, Mikkel Thorup, Luca Trevisan, and Eric Vigoda. Each of the five papers appearing in this issue was subject to the standard refereeing process of the SIAM Journal on Computing. In “The Monotone Complexity of $k$-Clique on Random Graphs," Ben Rossman proves that monotone circuits that solve the $k$-clique problem in random graphs must have size $\omega(n^{k/4})$, establishing the first average-case monotone lower bound. Andreas Björklund, in the paper “Determinant Sums for Undirected Hamiltonicity," develops the first improvement to the $\tilde O(2^n)$ dynamic programming algorithm for Hamiltonian circuit: Björklund's algorithm runs in time $\tilde O(1.657^n)$. The paper “Distance Oracles Beyond the Thorup--Zwick Bound" by Mihai Pătraşcu and Liam Roditty presents the first improvement in ten years for the problem of compactly representing an approximation to all-pairs shortest path distances in a graph. Shaddin Dughmi and Tim Roughgarden show how to convert any approximation algorithm for a certain class of problems into a truthful mechanism in the paper “Black-Box Randomized Reductions in Algorithmic Mechanism Design." Ioannis Koutis, Gary Miller, and Richard Peng, in the paper “Approaching Optimality for Solving SDD Linear Systems," present a new nearly linear time algorithm for the problem of solving systems of linear equations that are symmetric and diagonally dominant. We wish to thank Madhu Sudan and Leonard Schulman, the former and current Editors-in-Chief of SICOMP, for being very generous with their time as they helped us in this project. We also wish to thank Heather Blythe of SIAM and the anonymous referees.
Nouvelle technique d'alimentation symétrique pour réseaux d'antennes en bandes millimétriques (2013)

National audience
Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets on Polyamide Membranes for Durable Reverse-Osmosis Applications (2013)

Improving membrane durability associated with fouling and chlorine resistance remains one of the major challenges in desalination membrane technology. Here, we demonstrate that attractive features of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets such as high hydrophilicity, chemical robustness, and ultrafast water permeation can be harnessed for a dual-action barrier coating layer that enhances resistance to both fouling and chlorine-induced degradation of polyamide (PA) thin-film composite (TFC) membranes while preserving their separation performance. GO multilayers were coated on the PA-TFC membrane surfaces via layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of oppositely charged GO nanosheets. Consequently, it was shown that the conformal GO coating layer can increase the surface hydrophilicity and reduce the surface roughness, leading to the significantly improved antifouling performance against a protein foulant. It was also demonstrated that the chemically inert nature of GO nanosheets enables the GO coating layer to act as a chlorine barrier for the underlying PA membrane, resulting in a profound suppression of the membrane degradation in salt rejection upon chlorine exposure.
SB431542, a TGF-Beta Receptor Kinase Inhibitor, Restores Bone Formation Which Ameliorates Myeloma-Induced Microenvironment. (2006)

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) cells stimulate bone resorption and concomitantly suppress bone formation, leading to devastating bone destruction. TGF-beta, a potent inhibitor for terminal osteoblasts (OB) maturation and mineralization, is abundantly produced and released from bone tissues through enhanced bone resorption, and activated by osteoclasts (OC)-derived acids and MMPs in MM bone lesions. In the present study we investigated the impact of TGF-beta inhibition on induction of bone formation in MM as well as the effects of matured OB on MM growth. TGF-beta completely suppressed BMP-2-induced mineralized nodule formation by OB cultured in osteogenic media supplemented with beta-glycerophosphate and vitamin C. SB431542, an inhibitor of TGF-beta type I receptor kinase, potently suppressed induction of Smad6 by TGF-beta, which inhibits BMP-2 signaling. SB431542 along with BMP-2 abolished such TGF-beta actions and enhanced mineralized nodule formation more than BMP-2 alone. Notably, addition of SB431542 antagonized the inhibitory effects of conditioned media from MM cell lines (RPMI8226 and U266) and bone marrow plasma from patients with MM, resulting in restoration of the BMP-induced mineralized nodule formation. Furthermore, MC3T3-E1 cells matured by BMP-2 enough to exhibit mineralized nodules suppressed the proliferation of 5TGM1 MM cells in sharp contrast to stromal cells as well as untreated or TGF-beta-treated undifferentiated MC3T3-E1 cells that promote MM cell growth and survival. Interestingly, 5TGM1 MM cell growth was also potently suppressed by MC3T3-E1 cells cultured with BMP-2 in the absence of beta-glycerophosphate to achieve OB maturation without formation of mineralized nodules, suggesting a responsible role for OB-derived non-mineralized factors associated with terminal differentiation of OB. In addition, the induction of OB maturation down-regulated the production by OB of IL-6 and up-regulated osteoprotegerin, an inhibitor for osteoclastogenesis. Taken together, blockade of TGF-beta actions release OB from the differentiational arrest in MM bone disease and thus can be a good therapeutic maneuver restoring bone formation as well as suppressing osteoclastogenesis to ameliorate bone destruction and at the same time suppressing MM expansion by disrupting the MM-induced microenvironment which can be called as MM niche.
Design and Implementation of a Rat <em>Ex Vivo</em> Lung Perfusion Model (2023)

Ex vivo lung preparations are a useful model that can be translated to many different fields of research, complementing corresponding in vivo and in vitro models. Laboratories wishing to use isolated lungs need to be aware of important steps and inherent challenges to establish a setup that is affordable, reliable, and that can be easily adapted to fit the topic of interest. This paper describes a DIY (do it yourself) model for ex vivo rat lung ventilation and perfusion to study drug and gas effects on pulmonary vascular tone, independent of changes in cardiac output. Creating this model includes a) the design and construction of the apparatus, and b) the lung isolation procedure. This model results in a setup that is more cost-effective than commercial alternatives and yet modular enough to adapt to changes in specific research questions. Various obstacles had to be resolved to ensure a consistent model that is capable of being used for a variety of different research topics. Once established, this model has proven to be highly adaptable to different questions and can easily be altered for different fields of study.
Electrophoretic image display (EPID) panel (1973)

A new reflective-type electrophoretic image display (EPID) panel is described which is based on electrophoresis. In the EPID panel, a suspension is mainly composed of pigment particles and a suspending liquid. A dc voltage applied across a suspension layer changes the reflective color of the suspension as a result of the electrophoretic migration of the particles. The precipitation of the particles in the suspension is prevented by making the densities of the pigment particles and the suspending liquid equal. Color combinations of both the pigment particles and the suspending liquid can be used to achieve a desired color display. A reversal between the colors of the displayed pattern and its background can be obtained by changing the polarities of the applied dc voltage. The EPID panel has a memory function because of the deposition of the pigment particles on the electrode surface. A reflective contrast ratio of 40:1 at 75 V dc is demonstrated with experimental EPID panels. Rise and fall times of the panels are 20 ms and 10 ms, respectively, at 100 V ac. Power dissipation of the panel is about 7.5 mW for displaying a numeral "8" (107 by 59 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ).
<title>Motion identification and correction schemes for ultrafast CT flow studies</title> (1992)

for Ultrafast CT Flow StudiesChristopher J. WolfkielUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoDepartment of Medicine, Section of CardiologyChicago, IL 60680ABSTRACTFlow measurement algorithms and flow image segmentation algorithms for ultrafast computed tomography requireimage registration throughout the image sequence. Motion between images occurs due to improper ECG gating, breathing
Single and Dual Targeting of Mutant EGFR with an Allosteric Inhibitor (2019)

Allosteric kinase inhibitors offer a potentially complementary therapeutic strategy to ATP-competitive kinase inhibitors due to their distinct sites of target binding. In this study, we identify and study a mutant-selective EGFR allosteric inhibitor, JBJ-04-125-02, which as a single agent can inhibit cell proliferation and EGFR<sup>L858R/T790M/C797S</sup> signaling <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. However, increased EGFR dimer formation limits treatment efficacy and leads to drug resistance. Remarkably, osimertinib, an ATP-competitive covalent EGFR inhibitor, uniquely and significantly enhances the binding of JBJ-04-125-02 for mutant EGFR. The combination of osimertinib and JBJ-04-125-02 results in an increase in apoptosis, a more effective inhibition of cellular growth, and an increased efficacy <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> compared with either single agent alone. Collectively, our findings suggest that the combination of a covalent mutant-selective ATP-competitive inhibitor and an allosteric EGFR inhibitor may be an effective therapeutic approach for patients with <i>EGFR</i>-mutant lung cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: The clinical efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in <i>EGFR</i>-mutant lung cancer is limited by acquired drug resistance, thus highlighting the need for alternative strategies to inhibit EGFR. Here, we identify a mutant EGFR allosteric inhibitor that is effective as a single agent and in combination with the EGFR TKI osimertinib.<i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 813</i>.
Review and statistical analysis of clinical management of feline leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum (2022)

The majority of the cats had comorbidities, of which feline immunodeficiency virus was the most frequent. Dermatological lesions were frequently reported, and systemic clinical signs and clinicopathological abnormalities were also common. Serology may be useful for the diagnosis of FeL in clinical practice, and a positive titer of ≥ 1/40 may be a useful cut-off for sick cats. The reported treatments and dosages varied, but there was a good clinical response and longer survival in most of the cats treated with allopurinol monotherapy.
Optical properties of InGaN grown by MOCVD on sapphire and on bulk GaN (1999)

Experimental data on photoluminescence of various bulk and quantum-well epitaxial InGaN/GaN structures grown by MOCVD are interpreted in terms of a band-tail model of inhomogeneously broadened radiative recombination. The anomalous temperature-induced blue spectral is shown to result from band-tail recombination under non-degenerate conditions. Significant differences are observed between epilayers grown on sapphire substrates and on GaN substrates prepared by the sublimination method, with no apparent evidence of band tails in homoepitaxial structures, indicating their higher crystalline quality.
Determination by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Perseitol Used as a Marker for the Botanical Origin of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Honey (2002)

This paper reports the application of near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy to determine the concentration in honey of perseitol, a sugar that is specific to avocado honey. Reference values for perseitol were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis in 109 honey samples. Although the average concentration of perseitol in honey samples was only 0.48%, accurate prediction equations were successfully developed. The regression model of modified partial least squares was superior to that of principal component regressions. Calibrations based on the first or second derivative of Log(1/R) were equally good (R(2) > 0.95). Using half of the samples for calibration and the second half for validation, the correlation between actual and predicted values of the second half was satisfactory (R(2) = 0.87), the slope did not differ from 1, bias was low (0.005%), and the standard error of prediction was relatively low (0.13%). It was concluded that NIRS analysis may be used to detect to what extent honeybees have harvested avocado nectar but not to authenticate avocado honey as unifloral.
Iron catalysed selective reduction of esters to alcohols (2018)

The reaction of (dppBIAN)FeCl2 with 3 equivalents of n-BuLi affords a catalytically active anionic Fe complex; the nature of the anionic complex was probed using EPR and IR experiments and is proposed to involve a dearomatized, radical, ligand scaffold. This complex is an active catalyst for the hydrosilylation of esters to afford alcohols; loadings as low as 1 mol% were employed.
National ciguatera research strategy: reducing the incidence of ciguatera in Australia through improved risk management (eds: A Seger, N Dowsett and A Turnbull) (2019)

Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) accounts for the majority of food safety outbreaks related to seafood consumption in Australia, with more than 1,650 cases reported since 1965, including 2 fatalities [1-9]. Taking into account an estimated reporting rate of &lt;20% [3], this equates to an approximated incidence of 148 CFP cases per year. A nationally consistent approach to management and reporting is therefore urgently required. The critical need to better understand CFP is reflected internationally, with the World Health Organisation (WHO) and Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) highlighting the apparent climate-change driven global increase of cases as an emerging threat to seafood safety.
Patient falls: Association with hospital Magnet status and nursing unit staffing (2010)

The relationships between hospital Magnet® status, nursing unit staffing, and patient falls were examined in a cross-sectional study using 2004 National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI®) data from 5,388 units in 108 Magnet and 528 non-Magnet hospitals. In multivariate models, the fall rate was 5% lower in Magnet than non-Magnet hospitals. An additional registered nurse (RN) hour per patient day was associated with a 3% lower fall rate in ICUs. An additional licensed practical nurse (LPN) or nursing assistant (NA) hour was associated with a 2-4% higher fall rate in non-ICUs. Patient safety may be improved by creating environments consistent with Magnet hospital standards.
Rapid Analysis of Steel by ICP-AES and ICP-MS with Laser Ablation Solid Sampling (2002)

Along with production control in steel making, the maintaining and improving quality has strongly required the development of a rapid and accurate method for the analysis of steel sample. A cw-Q-switched Nd-YAG laser was used in a laser ablation (LA) system for rapid analysis of steel using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The problems accompanying with the LA such as the quantity of fine particles produced by adjusting the laser radiation conditions. Also the contamination from impurity in the argon gas used to produced the ICP was reduced by zirconium purifier. A rapid method with high accuracy was established for steel analysis.
How do exhibition visitors describe aesthetic qualities (2007)

In this investigation, visitors to an art and design exhibition have used an interactive computer program to express the qualities they consider important for an art or design object (artefact). They have then used the program with their individually selected qualities to assess the artefacts. In this article, we present the experiment and its results. They indicate that with such a setting it is relatively easy to reach a degree of consensus about criteria. Such an interactive program can therefore be very useful, for instance when choosing among design proposals or when selecting artefacts for exhibitions, because they make the assessments open to a larger audience such that their basis can be discussed.
Creep and Elevated Temperature Mechanical Properties of 5083 and 6061 Aluminum (2012)

With the increasing use of aluminum in naval vessels and the ever-present danger of fires, it is important to have a good understanding of the behavior of aluminum at elevated temperatures. The aluminum samples 5083-H116 and 6061-T651 were examined under a variety of loading conditions and temperatures. Tensile testing was completed on both materials to measure strength properties of elastic modulus, yield strength, and ultimate strength as well as reduction of area from room temperature to 500 deg C taking measurements every 50 deg C. These tests showed how much the material weakened as temperature increases. Low temperatures had a minimal effect on strength while exposure to temperatures between 200 and 300 deg C had the most significant impact. Creep testing was also completed for these materials. These tests were completed at temperatures between 200 and 400 deg C in 50 deg C increments. Stresses for these tests were in the range of 13 to 160MPa for 5083 aluminum and between 13 to 220MPa for 6061 aluminum. These tests showed a significant relationship between stress and temperature and how changes to one can cause a very different resulting behavior. In addition to the creep testing, three creep models were examined as a means of predicting creep behavior. These models included a power law, exponential, and hyperbolic-sine versions and were able to predict creep results with decent accuracy depending on the stress used in the model.
[Restenosis on coronary endoprosthesis: treatment by implantation of a new endoprosthesis. Apropos of a case]. (1996)

A 60-year-old man was admitted to hospital with threatened anterior myocardial infarction due to double tight stenosis in the 1st and 2nd segments of the left anterior descending artery. This double stenosis was successfully treated, without any complications, by two Palmatz-Schatz 15.4 mm (PS 154 A) coronary stents. He was readmitted to hospital six months later for another episode of threatened anterior infarction, due to restenosis involving the 2 coronary stents. Balloon angioplasty of this restenosis was attempted, but the poor result led us to insert 2 contiguous articulated Palmatz-Schatz 154 mm stents (PS 154 A) inside the previous two stents. The result was excellent with no complications apart from distal dissection induced by the guide, requiring insertion of an AVE Stent, 8 mm long and 3 mm in diameter. An exercising myocardial scintigraphy performed one month after the procedure was normal. The patient is still asymptomatic with a follow-up of 6 months. The feasibility and low risk of complication of balloon angioplasty in the case of restenosis, after insertion of an intracoronary stent have been demonstrated by several studies. To our knowledge, no case of restenosis of an intracoronary stent, treated by insertion of a new stent, have been reported. We report a case of restenosis on two Palmatz-Schatz stents successfully treated by insertion of two contiguous PS 154 A stents.
Motor unit number estimation in infants and children with spinal muscular atrophy (2002)

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a disease of lower motor neurons. Motor unit number estimation (MUNE) is an electrophysiologic method to estimate the number of motor neurons innervating a muscle group. We applied the multiple point stimulation technique to the ulnar nerve--hypothenar muscle group to study lower motor neuron loss in 14 SMA subjects, including those presymptomatic, and varying from newborn through 45 years of age. Preliminary data support the value of MUNE to help understand the time course of motor neuron loss in SMA.
High-Resolution Wideband Phase Shifter With Current Limited Vector-Sum (2018)

In this paper, a 360° wideband phase shifter with current limited vector-sum and digital calibration is presented to achieve high phase resolution and low amplitude error. The output phase is synthesized from quadrature vectors by variable gain amplifiers (VGAs) with current-digital to analog converters (I-DACs). Several VGA control algorithms are investigated to find trade off among phase error, amplitude error, and power consumption. A current limited vector-sum method is proposed to achieve low phase error, amplitude error, and power consumption, simultaneously. Quadrant selection is realized by the reconfigurable VGAs without extra switch circuit. Coarse- and fine-scaling of quadrature vector amplitude is accomplished by I-DACs with segments of different current weights. The phase non-linearity is calibrated using digital pre-distortion to further improve the phase error. To verify the mechanism mentioned above, a fully integrated 10-bit phase shifter operating at 3–7 GHz with current limited vectors is implemented and fabricated in a conventional 40–nm CMOS technology. It exhibits root mean square (RMS) phase error of 0.41°–1.67°, RMS amplitude error of 0.42–0.89 dB, and effective phase resolution of 1.406° (8-bit) from 3–7 GHz. The core circuit occupies 0.19 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and draws 11.4–16.2 mW from 1.1 V supply.
Effect of self-deflection on a totally asymmetric simple exclusion process with functions of site assignments (2018)

This study proposes a model of a totally asymmetric simple exclusion process on a single-channel lane with functions of site assignments along the pit lane. The system model attempts to insert a new particle to the leftmost site at a certain probability by randomly selecting one of the empty sites in the pit lane, and reserving it for the particle. Thereafter, the particle is directed to stop at the site only once during its travel. Recently, the system was determined to show a self-deflection effect, in which the site usage distribution biases spontaneously toward the leftmost site, and the throughput becomes maximum when the site usage distribution is slightly biased to the rightmost site. Our exact analysis describes this deflection effect and show a good agreement with simulations.
Modeling of reverberation rooms (1981)

In recent years, progress in the knowledge of statistical properties of the sound fields allowed improvements in the precision of the measurements in reverberation rooms. A great number of experiments, particularly with rotating diffusers, has been conducted in down-scaled model rooms. This paper presents criteria for the scale modeling as well as comparison with the results obtained in full size rooms. Also, a summary of reverberation room properties will be given.