gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Size and Electronic Structure Combined Effects on the Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence of Sulfurated Pyrene‐Cored Dendrimers (2014)

The electrochemistry, photophysics, and electrochemically generated chemiluminescence (ECL) of a family of polysulfurated dendrimers with a pyrene core have been thoroughly investigated and complemented by theoretical calculations. The redox and luminescence properties of dendrimers are dependent on the generation number. From low to higher generation it is both easier to reduce and oxidize them and the emission efficiency increases along the family, with respect to the polysulfurated pyrene core. The analysis of such data evidences that the formation of the singlet excited state by cation-anion annihilation is an energy-deficient process and, thus, the ECL has been justified through the triplet-triplet annihilation pathway. The study of the dynamics of the ECL emission was achieved both experimentally and theoretically by molecular mechanics and quantum chemical calculations. It has allowed rationalization of a possible mechanism and the experimental dependence of the transient ECL on the dendrimer generation. The theoretically calculated Marcus electron-transfer rate constant compares very well with that obtained by the finite element simulation of the whole ECL mechanism. This highlights the role played by the thioether dendrons in modulating the redox and photophysical properties, responsible for the occurrence and dynamics of the electron transfer involved in the ECL. Thus, the combination of experimental and computational results allows understanding of the dendrimer size dependence of the ECL transient signal as a result of factors affecting the annihilation electron transfer.
The spinal terminations of single, physiologically characterized axons originating in the pontomedullary raphe of the cat (1985)

Single myelinated axons were recorded in the dorsolateral funiculus of the cat and physiologically characterized as descending from the midline medulla or midline pons. Following further physiological characterization (e.g., conduction velocity, adequate stimulus, receptive field, activation by stimulation of periaqueductal gray), the axons were labeled with horseradish peroxidase that was iontophoretically ejected from the recording micropipette. Histochemical reaction allowed visualization of the stained axons and their arborizations in the spinal gray matter. The conduction velocities of the sampled axons ranged from 7.3 to 117.2 m/second with a mean of 35.5 m/second. However, unmyelinated axons could not be sampled with the technique employed here. Descending axons could be divided into two groups: (1) those which terminated in laminae I, II, V, and X, and (2) those which terminated in laminae V, VII, and X. Axons from both groups had myelinated parent axons, were activated by periaqueductal gray stimulation, and responded to noxious pinch of their receptive field. Terminal collaterals from both groups of axons were generally transversely oriented. These results suggest heterogeneous functions for these descending axons which may include modulation of nociceptive input to higher centers.
Particles of All Sizes Provoke Inflammatory Responses In Vivo (2005)

The aim of this study was to investigate whether all sizes of wear particles are capable of provoking inflammatory responses and whether there are different responses among different particle sizes. The knees of 40 female Balb/c mice were injected with polystyrene particles of three different diameters, 0.5 microm, 2.0 microm, and 75 microm, using a 0.1% vol/vol concentration. Seven days after particle injection, assessment of the synovial microcirculation using intravital microscopy, and histologic examination, were done. All the mice injected with polystyrene particles had enhanced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and histologic scores regardless of particle size when compared with control animals injected with sterile phosphate buffered saline. Polystyrene particles 0.5 microm in size provoked stronger membrane thickening and increased leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions than 75-microm particles. The fraction of rolling leukocytes was enhanced in the 2.0-microm particle group when compared with the 75-microm particle group. These results indicate that polystyrene particles of all sizes (0.5 microm, 2.0 microm, and 75 microm) are capable of inducing an inflammatory response. Small particles (0.5 microm, 2.0 microm) seem to provoke a stronger inflammatory response than larger particles (75 microm) in conditions with equal particle volume.
Electroorganic reactions. Part 53. The electrosynthesis of novel water-soluble poly-(p-xylylene) (PPX) and poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) polymers and co-polymers (2000)

Controlled potential reduction at an Hg pool cathode of 2,5-bis(bromomethyl)benzenesulfonic acid, 2,5-bis(dibromomethyl)benzenesulfonic acid and the analogous benzoic acids, in aqueous solution with ammonium acetate or lithium nitrate electrolyte, is an efficient route to the corresponding water-soluble PPX and PPV polymers. Co-electrolyses of combinations of these precursors yield water-soluble random co-polymers. The polymers were primarily examined by gel-permeation chromatography, FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR (solution and solid state). The sulfonic acid substituted PPX forms insoluble complexes or salts with Ba2+, Fe3+ and Cu2+.
Front Matter: Volume 6876 (2008)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 6876, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and the Conference Committee listing.
Diagnosis and risk stratification of chest pain patients in the emergency department: focus on acute coronary syndromes. A position paper of the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association (2020)

This paper provides an update on the European Society of Cardiology task force report on the management of chest pain. Its main purpose is to provide an update on the decision algorithms and diagnostic pathways to be used in the emergency department for the assessment and triage of patients with chest pain symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndromes.
Thermoelectric exhaust-gas energy recovery: An integrated approach (2012)

Here we describe the first results from an interdisciplinary project that seeks to develop a skutterudite-based thermoelectric (TE) energy recovery system for a vehicle exhaust stream. Filled skutterudites have been prepared and characterised and their thermal stability evaluated. Thermoelements fabricated from these skutterudites have been used to evaluate the compatibility of materials required for the construction of TE modules. The results of modelling studies for the optimization of heat exchanger design and the creation of a component in the loop test facility are also described.
Specificity of PCR and Serological Assays in the Detection of Escherichia coli Shiga Toxin Subtypes (2011)

Specificity analysis for stx or Stx subtypes in Escherichia coli showed that the PCR assays we tested did not detect stx(1d) and stx(2f), and some also missed stx(2b) and stx(2g). Most of the serological assays examined did not detect Stx2c, Stx2e, Stx2f, and Stx2g, and some strain-to-strain variation in reactivity was observed for Stx2b.
Accumulation of endogenous peptides triggers a pathogen stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana (2018)

The stepwise degradation of peptides to amino acids in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts is catalyzed by a network of oligopeptidases (presequence protease PreP, organellar oligopeptidase OOP) and aminopeptidases. In the present report, we show that the lack of oligopeptidase activity in Arabidopsis thaliana results in the accumulation of endogenous free peptides, mostly of chloroplastic origin (targeting peptides and degradation products). Using mRNA sequencing and deep coverage proteomics, allowing for the identification of 17 000 transcripts and 11 000 proteins, respectively, we uncover a peptide-stress response occurring in plants lacking PreP and OOP oligopeptidase activity. The peptide-stress response results in the activation of the classical plant defense pathways in the absence of pathogenic challenge. The constitutive activation of the pathogen-defense pathways imposes a strong growth penalty and a reduction of the plants reproductive fitness. Our results indicate that the absence of organellar oligopeptidases PreP1/2 and OOP results in the accumulation of peptides that are perceived as pathogenic effectors and activate the signaling pathways of plant-defense response.
Contralateral Hip Abductor Muscle Strength Associated with Comfort of Getting into and Out of the Car after Total Hip Arthroplasty (2023)

There are no studies that have investigated the characteristics of car use across THA patients, including those who do not drive. This study aimed to evaluate, in THA patients, (1) postoperative car usage, (2) comfort while entering and exiting a car, and (3) whether lower limb muscle strength affects action comfort. One hundred seventy-two post-THA patients completed the questionnaire in 2020, along with assessments of hip abductor and knee extensor muscle strength before surgery and at discharge. Patients whose overall comfort level was judged as “comfortable” were defined as the “comfort” group; others were placed in the “discomfort” group. Of the 172 patients, 161 reported car usage at a mean of 5.6 years after THA. Of these, 114 and 47 patients were placed in the &amp;quot;comfort&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;discomfort&amp;quot; groups, respectively. Patients in the &amp;quot;discomfort&amp;quot; group were three times more likely to experience discomfort using the contralateral side door than the surgical side door, and about twice as many patients experienced discomfort when entering as when exiting. Lower preoperative contralateral hip abductor muscle strength was the only independent predictor for discomfort. The take-home messages were that prevention of contralateral-side weakness may improve comfort during the action after THA.
Stability of Bupropion and its Major Metabolites in Human Plasma (1985)

Bupropion (BUP) is a new, monocyclic, second-generation antidepressant with efficacy comparable with that of the tricyclics but possessing a more favorable side-effect profile. Therapeutic drug monitoring services are expected to be widely available following the marketing of BUP, yet relatively little has been published on its clinical pharmacokinetics. The purpose of this study was to assess the drug's plasma stability and to determine the best storage conditions for conducting pharmacokinetic studies of BUP and its major metabolites. Human plasma was spiked with known concentrations of BUP and its major basic metabolites, threo-amino alcohol (TB), erythro-amino alcohol (EB), and hydroxy metabolite (HB), and incubated under varying conditions of temperature and pH. BUP showed a log linear degradation that was both temperature and pH dependent. BUP half-life in pH 7.4 plasma stored at 22 and 37 degrees C was 54.2 and 11.4 h, respectively. Incubation at 37 degrees C, pH 2.5 to 10, for 48 h had minimal effect on metabolite concentrations. These results indicate that drug degradation must be considered in studies involving the incubation of plasma for protein binding determinations and the collection and storage of plasma samples for drug concentration analysis during therapeutic drug monitoring.
DOWNY MILDEW IN ROSES: STRATEGIES FOR CONTROL (2010)

Screening of 183 wild rose accessions with downy mildew isolates resulted in the identification of 19 resistant accessions. Three of the resistant accessions were tetraploid and belong to the section Cinnamomeae. Crosses were made in spring 2007 between ornamental and the selected tetraploid wild roses to transfer the resistance genes into breeding material. The F1 progenies from the cross 07/57 between resistant R. majalis 93/09-01 and susceptible 'Konig Stanislaus' and from cross 07/44 between resistant R. pendulina D57001 and 'Aprikola' segregate for resistance to single spore isolate 3-16. Histochemical staining revealed the hypersensitive response to be one of the main features of resistance in the population 07/57.
Protein myristoylation as an intermediate step during signal transduction in macrophages: its role in arachidonic acid metabolism and in responses to interferon γ (1988)

The role of macrophages in the regulation of inflammation and immunity is, in part, due to their secretory repertoire. Among the important mediators released by macrophages are the products of both the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid (20:4) metabolism. The principal focus of this paper is the mechanism by which bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) regulate 20:4 metabolism in macrophages. LPS has the capacity to prime macrophages for greatly enhanced 20:4 metabolism when the cells are subsequently challenged with a spectrum of triggers. Concomitant with priming, LPS also promotes the covalent attachment of myristic acid to a set of macrophage proteins. The time and concentration dependence of LPS-induced protein myristoylation is consistent with a role for myristoylation in LPS priming of the 20:4 cascade. One of the myristoylated proteins is a 68K (K = 10(3) Mr) protein kinase C substrate which associates with membranes upon myristoylation. LPS-primed macrophages show greatly increased phosphorylation of the 68K protein when the cells are subsequently treated with protein kinase C activating phorbol esters. It is proposed that the myristoylation of the 68K protein promotes its attachment to the membrane where it is more closely associated with activated protein kinase C (PKC), an association which would ensure more efficient catalysis during the mobilization and oxygenation of 20:4. This paper also examines protein myristoylation during T-cell-mediated activation of macrophages. Immune-activated macrophages have an enhanced capacity to kill several infectious agents by oxidative mechanisms. The lymphokine gamma-interferon (IFN gamma) rapidly induces the myristoylation of a 48K protein. This 48K protein is also myristoylated in murine macrophages that have been activated in vivo by intraperitoneal injection of Corynebacterium parvum, suggesting that it may be an important intermediate in the activation of macrophages for enhanced microbicidal capacity.
Analysis of safe and failure mode regimes of dielectric elastomer actuators (2008)

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are promising for bionic and robotic applications. Reliability requirements in such applications necessitate better knowledge of the safe operation regimes and possible failure modes of DEAs. Elastomers consist of a network of entangled and cross-linked polymer chains, able to sustain spatially varying stress and strain fields, accompanied by stored elastic energy. Here we introduce a rigorous thermodynamic description of DEAs, based on a statistical mechanical model to gain insight for material development and optimization. We investigate multistability effects in the phase diagrams of elastomer actuators and combine our model with capacitive extensometry experiments.
임상실습에서 간호학생의 피로경험 (2016)

본 연구의 목적은 임상실습에서 간호학생의 피로경험 의미를 이해하기 위해 수행되었다. 연구 참여자는 임상실습경험이 있는 4학년 간호학생 13명을 대상으로 하였다. 포커스그룹인터뷰를 통하여 자료를 수집하였으며 Colaizzi의 현상학적 방법으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 “실습환경에 맞춰가기”, “인간관계의 어려움”, “몸과 마음이 지침”,“악순환의 시작”, “에너지 채우기”의 5개 주제모음으로 도출되었다. 이러한 결과는 임상실습에서 간호학생의 피로를 줄이는 중재 개발과 간호교육자의 임상실습교육의 개선방안을 모색할 수 있는 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다
Linear Regression Estimation of Discrete Choice Models with Nonparametric Distributions of Random Coefficients (2007)

Linear Regression Estimation of Discrete Choice Models with Nonparametric Distributions of Random Coefficients by Patrick Bajari, Jeremy T. Fox and Stephen P. Ryan. Published in volume 97, issue 2, pages 459-463 of American Economic Review, May 2007
Checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) inhibits the activity of the Cdc45/MCM2-7/GINS (CMG) replicative helicase complex (2012)

The replication of eukaryote chromosomes slows down when DNA is damaged and the proteins that work at the fork (the replisome) are known targets for the signaling pathways that mediate such responses critical for accurate genomic inheritance. However, the molecular mechanisms and details of how this response is mediated are poorly understood. In this report we show that the activity of replisome helicase, the Cdc45/MCM2-7/GINS (CMG) complex, can be inhibited by protein phosphorylation. Recombinant Drosophila melanogaster CMG can be stimulated by treatment with phosphatase whereas Chk2 but not Chk1 interferes with the helicase activity in vitro. The targets for Chk2 phosphorylation have been identified and reside in MCM subunits 3 and 4 and in the GINS protein Psf2. Interference requires a combination of modifications and we suggest that the formation of negative charges might create a surface on the helicase to allosterically affect its function. The treatment of developing fly embryos with ionizing radiation leads to hyperphosphorylation of Psf2 subunit in the active helicase complex. Taken together these data suggest that the direct modification of the CMG helicase by Chk2 is an important nexus for response to DNA damage.
Hydrogen permeation studies of composite supported alumina-carbon molecular sieves membranes: Separation of diluted hydrogen from mixtures with methane (2020)

One alternative for the storage and transport of hydrogen is blending a low amount of hydrogen (up to 15 or 20%) into existing natural gas grids. When demanded, hydrogen can be then separated, close to the end users using membranes. In this work, composite alumina carbon molecular sieves membranes (Al-CMSM) supported on tubular porous alumina have been prepared and characterized. Single gas permeation studies showed that the H2/CH4 separation properties at 30 °C are well above the Robeson limit of polymeric membranes. H2 permeation studies of the H2–CH4 mixture gases, containing 5–20% of H2 show that the H2 purity depends on the H2 content in the feed and the operating temperature. In the best scenario investigated in this work, for samples containing 10% of H2 with an inlet pressure of 7.5 bar and permeated pressure of 0.01 bar at 30 °C, the H2 purity obtained was 99.4%.
Adaptive resource management in distributed systems (2010)

In this dissertation, we focus on resource management in distributed systems. The essence of resource management is to match the requirements of computing tasks with the available resources. We propose and develop approaches to resource management in three qualitatively different systems: (1) server clusters providing computing-as-a-service, (2) tiered-architecture (of servers) hosting web services, and (3) networks of wireless sensors. These systems differ from each other along multiple dimensions: available resources, system dynamics, workload, etc. Still, a common theme in effective resource management for these systems (as demonstrated in this dissertation) is that we must be cognizant of the system heterogeneity (computing resources as well as workload), and adapt to system dynamics. 
Our work improves upon the state-of-the-art in the three systems in the following way. For systems providing computing-as-a-service, we design and implement a service model that provides predictability in job finish times and prioritized service to delay sensitive jobs. We also develop a machine learning based workload characterization technique for web services that categorizes users' request based on their resource usage. Such categorization is useful in improving the accuracy of performance models for these systems. In the context of wireless sensor networks, we make the following two contributions: (1) we design an online algorithm that makes joint compression and transmission decisions to save energy, and (2) we explore techniques for detecting anomalies in data collected using these networks.
Directed movement toward, translocation along, penetration into and exit from vascular networks by breast cancer cells in 3D (2021)

We developed a computer-assisted platform using laser scanning confocal microscopy to 3D reconstruct in real-time interactions between metastatic breast cancer cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We demonstrate that MB-231 cancer cells migrate toward HUVEC networks, facilitated by filopodia, migrate along the network surfaces, penetrate into and migrate within the HUVEC networks, exit and continue migrating along network surfaces. The system is highly amenable to 3D reconstruction and computational analyses, and assessments of the effects of potential anti-metastasis monoclonal antibodies and other drugs. We demonstrate that an anti-RHAMM antibody blocks filopodium formation and all of the behaviors that we found take place between MB-231 cells and HUVEC networks.
Low-overhead fault-tolerance technique for a dynamically reconfigurable softcore processor (2012)

In this paper, we propose a new approach to implement a reliable softcore processor on SRAM-based FPGAs, which can mitigate radiation-induced temporary faults (single-event upsets (SEUs)) at moderate cost. A new Enhanced Lockstep scheme built using a pair of MicroBlaze cores is proposed and implemented on Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA. Unlike the basic lockstep scheme, ours allows to detect and eliminate its internal temporary configuration upsets without interrupting normal functioning. Faults are detected and eliminated using a Configuration Engine built on the basis of the PicoBlaze core which, to avoid a single point of failure, is implemented as fault-tolerant using triple modular redundancy (TMR). A softcore processor can recover from configuration upsets through partial reconfiguration combined with roll-forward recovery. SEUs affecting logic which are significantly less likely than those affecting configuration are handled by checkpointing and rollback. Finally, to handle permanent faults, the tiling technique is also proposed. The new Enhanced Lockstep scheme requires significantly shorter error recovery time compared to conventional lockstep scheme and uses significantly smaller number of slices compared to known TMR-based design (although at the cost of longer error recovery time). The efficiency of the proposed approach was validated through fault injection experiments.
Regional $H_{\infty }$ Synchronization of Identical Linear Multiagent Systems Under Input Saturation (2018)

This paper addresses the local synchronization problem of identical linear multiagent systems subject to input saturation constraints and exogenous disturbances with a guaranteed region of attraction. A dynamic output feedback controller is proposed, while the information exchanged through the network is the relative input mismatch of each agent with respect to the neighbors. Using a suitable incremental sector condition, we cast the synchronization of multiagent systems with a general undirected topology in terms of bilinear matrix inequalities. Based on a multistep convex controller design procedure, the effectiveness of the theoretical results is demonstrated through numerical simulations of a fleet of quadrotors.