gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Machine learned versus analytical models for estimation of Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) from CT-derived information (2021)

Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) is a widely used metric to quantify the functional significance of stenoses in coronary arteries. FFR is the ratio of pressure before and after a stenosis and is measured using a transducer during coronary catheterization. To avoid unnecessary catheterization, many analytical and data-driven models based on non-invasive imaging have been proposed for FFR estimation. In this study, we construct physics-informed analytical models and datadriven machine learning models for FFR estimation based on CT-derived information. All four models require simple information about suspect stenoses, offering rapid, practical approaches for functional assessment. The four models we study are: (1) a patient-specific blood flow informed pressure drop model based on Navier-Stokes equations, (2) a purely geometric model based on stenosis area reduction, (3) a Gaussian process regression model trained on patient specific stenosis geometry and blood flow data, and (4) a Gaussian process regression model trained only on patient specific stenosis geometry. The models were developed and tested using a simulation study with ground truth FFR values from computational fluid dynamics analysis of blood flow through a population of stenosed arteries. In total, 60 different stenosis conditions based on known prevalence were simulated with a range of measurement errors leading to 10000 data sets. The RMSE of the model estimates for approach 1 through 4 are, 0.19, 0.45, 0.06, 0.14. The flow informed machine learning model leads to ~1% lower bias and ~12% lower variance than the flow informed analytical model. Considering the improved variance performance, the machine learning models likely outperform analytic expressions because they learn optimal regression associations robust to noise. This work suggests that machine learned approaches may be superior to conventional analytic expressions for FFR estimation, particularly when inputs contain realistic measurement error.
Abstract 13697: Predictors of Prolonged Hospitalization (>48 Hours) and In-Hospital Mortality Among the Patients Admitted With Acute Pulmonary Embolism (2021)

Introduction: Prolonged hospitalization leads to worse outcomes in patients admitted with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). However, there is a scarcity of data regarding the factors predisposing to p...
Ultralow lattice thermal conductivity of the fully filled skutteruditeYbFe4Sb12due to the flat avoided-crossing filler modes (2015)

We study the lattice thermal conductivity $(\ensuremath{\kappa})$ of fully filled skutterudites $\mathrm{YbFe}{}_{4}{\text{Sb}}_{12}$ and ${\text{BaFe}}_{4}{\text{Sb}}_{12}$ from first principles. The calculated $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ of ${\text{YbFe}}_{4}{\text{Sb}}_{12}$ is ten times lower than that calculated for $\mathrm{BaFe}{}_{4}{\text{Sb}}_{12}$, and much lower than any values ever reported for other skutterudites. The ultralow $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ of $\mathrm{YbFe}{}_{4}{\text{Sb}}_{12}$ is closely related to the flat Yb-dominated modes appearing in the frequency range from 5 to 7.2 rad/ps. The flat modes significantly increase the three-phonon scattering channels, which is reflected by the unique characteristics of weighted phase space and leads to much stronger anharmonic scattering of intermediate-frequency optical phonons. Although those flat modes are dominated by the Yb atoms, the filler-related anharmonic interaction does not play a role in the increased phonon scattering. This underlines the importance of the hybridization of the filler and the host matrix in those flat modes, which can be guaranteed by the avoided crossing with acoustic phonons. The depressed phonon spectrum mechanism, common to other skutterudites, also plays a role in the ultralow $\ensuremath{\kappa}$. Our work presents a reduction mechanism of $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ by the filler in cage-like structures such as skutterudites and clathrates, and demonstrates the nonuniqueness of the reduction mechanism in these materials.
Capillary and acceleration wave breakup of liquid jets in axial-flow airstreams (1981)

Empirical correlations of reciprocal mean drop diameter with airstream momentum were derived from capillary and acceleration wave breakup of liquid jets atomized by cross stream injection into axial flow airstreams. A scanning radiometer was used to obtain data over an airstream momentum range of 3.7 to 25.7 g/sq cm sec. Transition from capillary to acceleration wave breakup was obtained at a critical Weber-Reynolds number of 1,000,000.
Intrazeolite Photochemistry. 17. Zeolites as Electron Donors:  Photolysis of Methylviologen Incorporated within Zeolites (1997)

Methylviologen (MV2+) has been adsorbed in a series of zeolites including alkaline ion faujasites (HNaY, LiNaY, NaY, KNaY, RbNaY, CsNaY, and NaX), Naβ, NaMor, and NaZSM-5 by ion exchange. Extra large pore aluminosilicate MCM-41 was also used. The resulting MV2+-doped zeolites have been characterized by an array of analytical and spectroscopic techniques such as chemical analyses, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetry−differential scanning calorimetry, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and fluorescence, FT-IR, FT-Raman, and MAS 13C NMR spectroscopies. Influence of the confinement and nature of the charge-balancing cation on the molecular properties of MV2+ resulted in shifts of the λmax of the absorption band in the diffuse reflectance spectra from 270 to 280 nm for MV−NaX and 290 nm for MV−NaZSM-5 samples. In addition, changes of the relative intensities of the emission bands at 340 and 420 nm were also noted. The formation of the MV•+ cation radical as a persistent species by thermal treatment from the MV2+ ground state was not observed in any of the samples. In contrast, laser flash photolysis of these samples allowed in all cases the detection of MV•+ as a long-lived transient on the microsecond time scale. Formation of MV•+ was also observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This constitutes the first firm experimental evidence that zeolites can behave as single electron donors. For MV−RbNaY and MV−CsNaY samples in outgassed sealed quartz cells, the photogenerated MV•+ is so long-lived that its diffuse reflectance spectrum and disappearance kinetics can be obtained by conventional diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. A relationship between the basic strength of the zeolite framework and the stability of photogenerated MV•+ has been established.
Nutritional modulation of the antioxidant capacities in poultry: the case of vitamin E (2019)

Commercial poultry production is associated with a range of stresses, including environmental, technological, nutritional, and internal/biological ones, responsible for decreased productive and reproductive performance of poultry. At the molecular level, most of them are associated with oxidative stress and damages to important biological molecules. Poultry feed contains a range of feed-derived and supplemented antioxidants and, among them, vitamin E is considered as the "headquarters" of the antioxidant defense network. It is well-established that dietary supplementation of selenium, vitamin E, and carotenoids can modulate antioxidant defenses in poultry. The aim of the present paper is to present evidence related to modulation of the antioxidant capacities in poultry by vitamin E. Using 3 model systems including poultry breeders/males, semen, and chicken embryo/postnatal chickens, the possibility of modulation of the antioxidant defense mechanisms has been clearly demonstrated. It was shown that increased vitamin E supplementation in the breeder's or cockerel's diet increased their resistance to various stresses, including high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), mycotoxin, or heat stress. Increased vitamin E supplementation of poultry males was shown to be associated with significant increases in α-tocopherol level in semen associated with an increased resistance to oxidative stress imposed by various external stressors. Similarly, increased vitamin E concentration in the egg yolk due to dietary supplementation was shown to be associated with increased α-tocopherol concentration in the tissues of the developing embryos and newly hatched chicks resulting in increased antioxidant defenses and decreased lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, increased vitamin E transfer from the feed to egg yolk and further to the developing embryo was shown to be associated with upregulation of antioxidant enzymes reflecting antioxidant system regulation and adaptation. The role of vitamin E in cell signaling and gene expression as well as in interaction with microbiota and maintaining gut health in poultry awaits further investigation.
Notes- Decomposition of Quaternary Salts. V. Stereospecificity in the Methadon Series (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes- Decomposition of Quaternary Salts. V. Stereospecificity in the Methadon SeriesNelson Easton, Samuel Nelson, and Velmer FishCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 5, 847–849Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1960Publication History Published online14 March 2003Published inissue 1 May 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01075a615https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01075a615research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Use of Permeability Distribution in Water Flood Calculations (1949)

Abstract A method is presented for predicting the performance of water floodingoperations in depleted, or nearly depleted, petroleum reservoirs. The methodmakes use of permeability variations and the vertical distribution ofproductive capacity. From these two parameters can be calculated the producedwater cut versus the oil recovery. Derivations of the mathematical analogy isshown and sample calculations and curves of prediction are presented. Comparison is made of the predicted and actual performance of a typical 5-spotin an Illinois water flood. Introduction The use of water as a flooding medium in both depleted and "flush"oil reservoirs is gaining greater recognition and acceptance. Many of theshallower fields, depleted by primary production, have been and are beingsubjected to water injection in order to obtain some part of the large volumeof oil remaining after primary production. Some of the earlier water floodinstallation proved highly discouraging and the value of water flooding wasoften questioned. Many of these earlier floods were haphazardly selected anddeveloped as little was known of the physical characteristics and contents ofthe producing formations. The prior evaluation of the flood performance wasimpossible. During the past decade the development of the required reservoir engineeringtools -core analysis, reservoir fluid analysis, electric logs, fluid flowformulae, etc.- has allowed the engineer to construct and apply the methodswhich are presently being used to evaluate the economic and mechanicalsusceptibility of a reservoir to flooding. This discussion will present a method for taking into account the effectof permeability variations in predicting the performance of water floods indepleted reservoirs. Permeability and Capacity Distribution It is generally agreed by most investigators that in a single phase systemfluid will flow in a porous and permeable medium in proportion to thepermeability of the medium. Producing formations are usually highly irregular in permeability, bothvertically and horizontally. However, zones of higher or lower permeability areoften found to exhibit lateral continuity. Thus, while structurally comparablestringers in adjacent wells may differ several fold in permeability values, they usually bear resemblance as being part of a general continuous higher orlower permeability section. T.P. 2513
Large optical glass blanks for astronomy (2004)

At present extremely large telescopes are planned with primary mirrors from 20 m up to 100 m. Such telescopes need not only huge mirror arrays but also downstream refractive optics like atmospheric dispersion correctors, color correctors for imaging and beam shapers for spectrometers. For classical boro-crown and lead-flint glass types blanks have been made in the past up to about 1 m. Now there is an increasing demand to be expected for optical glass blanks with diameters up to 1.5 m for use as lenses or prisms. Additionally optics designers ask for glass types like the low dispersion fluoro-phosphate glasses. The production of high quality blanks of such glasses has been a challenge even for diameters around 200 mm. This presentation shall give information about the feasibility of large glass blanks and recommendations how to specify the quality balancing the requirements of the application on one side and the possibilities and conditions of the production and the measurement for inspection on the other side.
Automatic UWB clusters identification (2009)

Clustering phenomenon exists in the Ultra-Wideband (UWB) impulse responses. Although it is feasible to manually identify clusters via visual inspection, this task becomes very difficult and time consuming when a large amount of data needs to be processed. Furthermore, visual inspection highly depends on the person who performs the cluster identification task, which may cause inconsistent or unrepeatable results. In this paper, we propose an automatic procedure to identify clusters in UWB impulse responses. The algorithm takes both the amplitude and time delay into account when finding the clusters. The algorithm performs well. If the threshold is set correctly, there will not be any error.
STRAIGHT, exploitation of the other aspect of VOCODER: Perceptually isomorphic decomposition of speech sounds (2006)

STRAIGHT, a speech analysis, modification synthesis system, is an extension of the classical channel VOCODER that exploits the advantages of progress in information processing technologies and a new conceptualization of the role of repetitive structures in speech sounds. This review outlines historical backgrounds, architecture, underlying principles, and representative applications of STRAIGHT.
Imaging of glia activation in people with primary lateral sclerosis (2017)

This study supports a link between glia activation and neuronal degeneration in PLS, and suggests that these disease mechanisms can be measured <i>in vivo</i> in PLS. Future studies are needed to determine the longitudinal changes of these imaging measures and to clarify if MR-PET with [<sup>11</sup>C]-PBR28 can be used as a biomarker for drug development in the context of clinical trials for PLS.
Correction to The Effect of Compression Ratio, Fuel Octane Rating, and Ethanol Content on Spark-Ignition Engine Efficiency (2017)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to The Effect of Compression Ratio, Fuel Octane Rating, and Ethanol Content on Spark-Ignition Engine EfficiencyThomas G. Leone, James E. Anderson, Richard S. Davis, Asim Iqbal, Ronald A. Reese, II, Michael H. Shelby, and William M. StudzinskiCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017, 51, 18, 10923Publication Date (Web):August 29, 2017Publication History Published online29 August 2017Published inissue 19 September 2017https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b03991Copyright © 2017 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views598Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (142 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Performance Comparison of BJT and MOS Devices as Temperature Sensing Elements (2022)

The majority of the existing on-chip temperature sensing solutions rely on the thermal behaviour of the main parameters of BJT or MOS transistors. The success of their employment is correlated to their availability in standard CMOS processes; since usually MOS and BJT (even if parasitic) transistors can be implemented in the same technology, an in-depth analysis to select the more appropriate device for meeting the requirements of the considered application is needed. This paper, therefore, presents an extensive comparison between the temperature-related performance of these kinds of devices on the basis of simulated and experimental results collected from two different test chips, one for each sensing type, in the −40°C to +80°C temperature range; their performance is analyzed in terms of sensitivity, susceptibility to mismatch variations, inaccuracy, linearity and noise.
IS CR2 , Another Vehicle for bla VEB Gene Acquisition (2009)

The expanded-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) gene bla(VEB-1), identified worldwide in Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is associated with either class 1 integrons or repeated elements. We report here the first association of bla(VEB-1a) with the insertion sequence ISCR2 in six Acinetobacter species isolates recovered from Argentina. That genetic structure was likely at the origin of the mobilization of this ESBL gene.
Mixture optimization of cement treated demolition waste with recycled masonry and concrete (2011)

Due to environmental reasons and the shortage of natural resources, it is greatly valuable to recycle construction and demolition waste (CDW) as much as possible. One of effective ways to reuse more CDW is to produce a cemented road base material. The recycled CDW however is a mix of recycled masonry and concrete with a wide variation in composition. This implies that the mechanical properties of cement treated demolition waste are not only determined by cement content and degree of compaction, but also by the ratio of crushed masonry content to crushed concrete content. In order to optimize its mixture proportioning, this paper explores the response surface and contour plot of the combined effect of mixture variables on the mechanical properties including the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), the elastic modulus (E) and their ratio. It has been recognized that optimizing the mixture proportioning of cement treated demolition waste should not only consider its material properties, but also needs to take into account its structural behavior as a pavement layer. Analytical results indicate that increasing the degree of compaction is an economic technique to obtain the required strength, but it is not an efficient method to enhance the admissible elastic strain (the ratio of UCS to E) and to improve the flexural rigidity of the road base layer. Obtaining a desired low flexural rigidity certainly needs adjusting of the masonry content and the cement content.
Estimation-based model predictive control of blood glucose in type I diabetics: a simulation study (2002)

A constrained state space model predictive controller, designed based on a 3-state model of the human glucose-insulin interaction, was implemented on a 19-state simulation model of a Type I Diabetic patient. The controller maintained the blood sugar level of the patient plant between the values of 60 and 130 mg/dl, when subjected to a meal disturbance of 50 g, significantly lowering the risk of hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia.
Retrospective Analysis in Patients With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis Treated With Tildrakizumab: Real-Life Clinical Data (2022)

<b>Background</b>: Interleukin (IL)-23 antagonists have shown great efficacy with minimal side effect profile in clinical trial data for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. As of yet, there have been no published data regarding real-world patients who have received tildrakizumab therapy. <b>Objectives</b>: To analyze real-world efficacy and safety of tildrakizumab in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective chart review was performed at a large urban academic medical center for all patients treated with tildrakizumab for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Demographic information, Psoriasis Area and Severity Indexs(PASIs) from initial presentation and 12-month follow-up, comorbidities, and any possible adverse events were collected and analyzed statistically. <b>Results</b>: 30 patients on tildrakizumab therapy were included in the analysis. Overall, the mean ± standard deviation of the PASIs was 15.8 ± 11.8 at initial visit and 1.5 ± 2.9 at 12-month follow-up (P < .001). No serious adverse events were reported. <b>Conclusions</b>: Tildrakizumab has shown efficacy in clinical trials and this real-world cohort for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis with a good safety profile. Future studies should be done to assess the efficacy of tildrakizumab compared with other IL-23 inhibitors.
Analysis on the Resonance Frequency of Comparison Calibration of the Piezoelectric Accelerometer (2016)

The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis on the resonance frequency of comparison calibration of the piezoelectric accelerometer to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of the calibration results. The operation principle of the piezoelectric accelerometer is firstly introduced and the natural frequency is obtained. Then, the vibration model of the comparison calibration is established and the mounted resonance frequency of the calibrated sensitivity is derived. The entire resonance frequency is achieved which is based on the deduced general form of the relative motion of the comparison calibration. The mounted resonance frequency is close to the entire resonance frequency at low mounted stiffness and approaches to the natural frequency as the mounted stiffness increases. The experimental results demonstrate that the mounted resonance frequency increases with the mounted stiffness. For the sake of high frequency calibration, the mounted stiffness should be kept high enough and the stude with silicone grease mounted method is a good choice.