gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-17-driven Klk1 expression in the kidney is necessary for immunity to <i>C. albicans</i>. (2016)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;(A)&lt;/b&gt; WT mice (n = 5) were subjected to systemic candidiasis. Sham-infected mice received PBS. After 72 h, kidney sections were stained with anti-Klk1 or isotype control Abs. Black arrows indicate Klk1 staining. Photomicrographs are representative of 2 independent experiments. Original magnification: 100X. &lt;b&gt;(B)&lt;/b&gt; Primary RTEC from C57Bl6/J mice were treated ± IL-17 (50 ng/ml and 200 ng/ml), TNFα (5 ng/ml) or IL-17 (200 ng/ml) + TNFα (5 ng/ml) for 24 h. Expression of &lt;i&gt;Klk1&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Klk1b27&lt;/i&gt; was assessed by qPCR. Bars represent mean ± S.D. Data are representative of 4 independent experiments. &lt;b&gt;(C)&lt;/b&gt; WT mice (n = 5) were injected with Ad-IL-17 or Ad-ctrl (1x10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; pfu). Six days post-injection, kidney sections were stained with anti-Klk1 or isotype control Abs. Inset: Klk1 staining in RTEC and negative staining in glomerulus (GM) and blood vessels (BV). Photomicrographs are representative of 2 independent experiments. Original magnification: 200X (upper panel) and 400X (lower panel). &lt;b&gt;(D)&lt;/b&gt; WT and IL-17RA&lt;sup&gt;-/-&lt;/sup&gt; (n = 14) mice were injected with Ad-Klk1 or Ad-ctrl 72 h prior to systemic &lt;i&gt;C&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;albicans&lt;/i&gt; infection. Sham-infected WT and IL-17RA&lt;sup&gt;-/-&lt;/sup&gt; mice (n = 3) received Ad-Klk1 only. Survival was assessed over 14 d. Data pooled from 3 independent experiments. &lt;b&gt;(E)&lt;/b&gt; WT (n = 8) mice were injected with Ad-Klk1 or Ad-ctrl 72 h prior to systemic &lt;i&gt;C&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;albicans&lt;/i&gt; infection. Fungal burden was assessed at 72 h p.i. Each dot represents one mouse, and horizontal bars indicate mean. Data are combined from 2 independent experiments. &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05 (*), &lt;0.01 (**), &lt;0.0001 (****). ns, not significant.&lt;/p&gt;
Influence of Growth Medium on Adsorption of Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces viscosus , and Actinomyces naeslundii to Saliva-Treated Hydroxyapatite Surfaces (1981)

The influence of the growth medium on the ability of strains of Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces viscosus and A. naeslundii to attach to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite (S-HA) surfaces was studied. Preliminary experiments indicated that cells of each species harvested in lag, log, and early stationary phases of growth adsorbed comparably to S-HA; thus, early stationary phase cells were used in all subsequent assays. Strains were grown in chemically defined medium (CDM), in CDM supplemented with gastric mucin or with filter-sterilized or (60)Co-irradiated saliva from human donors of blood types A, B, or O, and in Trypticase soy broth (BBL Microbiology Systems) and Todd-Hewitt broth. Adherence of S. mutans H12 to S-HA tended to vary when the streptococci were grown in saliva-supplemented CDM, but the number of cells which attached was generally within twofold of that of CDM-grown cells. Attachment of A. viscosus S2 and LY7 and of A. naeslundii S4 and L13 was generally similar when grown in CDM or in CDM supplemented with saliva, but it tended to increase for organisms grown in CDM supplemented with gastric mucin. None of the strains studied appeared to destroy the blood group reactivity of the added salivary components, and they attached equally well to HA treated with homologous or heterogous saliva from that present in the medium in which they were grown. The A. viscosus strains adsorbed in 25 to 40% higher numbers to HA treated with blood type B saliva than with type A saliva, irrespective of the medium used for growth. S. mutans H12 cells displayed alpha- and beta-glucosidase and alpha-galactosidase activity; the Actinomyces strains exhibited these activities plus beta-galactosidase when grown in all media. However, the levels of these glycoside hydrolases did not correlate with cell adsorption to S-HA. The apparent weak influence of the growth medium on attachment of S. mutans was studied further. Strains of S. mutans isolated from the saliva of five human donors were made resistant to streptomycin, grown in CDM, and then added to new saliva samples from the respective donors from which they were obtained. The in vitro-grown cells were found to attach to S-HA comparably to S. mutans cells present naturally in the saliva.
Artifact Removal in Magnetoencephalogram Background Activity With Independent Component Analysis (2007)

The aim of this study was to assess whether independent component analysis (ICA) could be valuable to remove power line noise, cardiac, and ocular artifacts from magnetoencephalogram (MEG) background activity. The MEGs were recorded from 11 subjects with a 148-channel whole-head magnetometer. We used a statistical criterion to estimate the number of independent components. Then, a robust ICA algorithm decomposed the MEG epochs and several methods were applied to detect those artifacts. The whole process had been previously tested on synthetic data. We found that the line noise components could be easily detected by their frequency spectrum. In addition, the ocular artifacts could be identified by their frequency characteristics and scalp topography. Moreover, the cardiac artifact was better recognized by its skewness value than by its kurtosis one. Finally, the MEG signals were compared before and after artifact rejection to evaluate our method.
Fractionation of palm oil (1985)

Abstract Because of its fatty acid composition, which includes 50% saturated and 50% unsaturated fatty acids, palm oil can readily be fractionated, i.e. partially crystallized and separated into a high melting fraction or stearin and a low melting fraction or olein. Three main commercial processes for fractionating palm oil are in use: the fast dry process, the slow dry process and the detergent process. All these processes lead to specific products of different quality with different yield and operating costs. The physical and chemical characteristics as well as the triglyceride compositions by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of palm oil fractions from these industrial fractionation processes are given. Other varieties of products produced by specific fractionation are presented with analytical data: the superoleins, palm‐mid‐fractions and cocoa butter substitutes.
Spontaneous development of a chromosomal translocation 5;14 in an epstein‐barr‐virus‐associated b‐cell lymphoma in a SCID mouse (1993)

C.B-17 SCID mice were inoculated with human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) from normal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-seropositive and -seronegative donors. Confirmation of a functioning human immune response was demonstrated by the detection of human antibody after inoculation with rotavirus, tetanus toxoid, or EBV. One group of animals inoculated with PBLs from an EBV-seropositive donor developed immunoblastic lymphomas approximately 9 weeks after transplantation. Confirmation of the species and sex of origin of the tumor cells was established using a spontaneous cell line prepared from the tumor. At passage I, the tumor-cell line (AGTI) showed 15% of the metaphases with a translocation involving chromosomes 5 and 14. A lymphoblastoid cell line (AGLCL) established from the same PBLs from the same donor at the time of inoculation of the mice had a normal female karyotype. The AGLCL and a clone of AGTI cells were analyzed for rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) genes; both cell lines showed rearrangement of both IgH alleles. The results outlined in this report suggest that a spontaneous chromosomal translocation involving chromosome 14 occurred in normal PBLs in the SCID mouse.
Untersuchungen über Nitrothiophen‐ und Nitrofuranderivate. 1. Mitt.: Herstellung, bakteriostatische, fungistatische und verminoxe Eigenschaften von 5‐Nitrothiophen‐2‐aldehydacetalen (1967)

Abstract Es wurden einige Acetale aliphatischer Alkohole des 5‐Nitrothiophen‐2‐aldehyds hergestellt und auf ihre bakteriostatische, fungistatische und verminoxe Wirksamkeit untersucht. Die Verbindungen zeigten gegenüber Bakterien eine mäßige, gegenüber Pilzen und Enchyträen eine bessere Wirksamkeit. Hierbei hob sich das iso‐Propylacetal mit einer KbW 5 13,0, einer KfW 10 12,4 und einer ED 50 / 2h 13,5 besonders hervor. Offenbar hängt die Wirksamkeit der getesteten Verbindungen nicht nur von dem Vorhandensein einer Nitrogruppe in 5‐Stellung ab, sondern auch von der mehr oder weniger leichten Aufspaltbarkeit zum freien Aldehyd.
A Genome-wide CRISPR Screen Identifies WDFY3 as a Novel Regulator of Macrophage Efferocytosis (2022)

Abstracts Phagocytic clearance of dying cells, termed efferocytosis, must occur efficiently to maintain homeostasis and prevent disease. Yet, our understanding of this important biological process remains incomplete. To search for novel regulators of efferocytosis, we performed a FACS-based genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen in primary murine macrophages. We identified a novel role for WDFY3 in efferocytosis by macrophages. WDFY3 deficiency in macrophages specifically impaired uptake, not binding, of apoptotic cells due to defective actin depolymerization. We further revealed that WDFY3 directly interacts with GABARAP, thus facilitating LC3 lipidation and subsequent lysosomal acidification to permit the degradation of apoptotic cell components. Although the C-terminus of WDFY3 was sufficient to rescue impaired degradation, full-length WDFY3 is still required for regulating uptake. Finally, WDFY3 is required for efficient efferocytosis in vivo in mice and in primary human macrophages. The work expands our knowledge of the mechanisms of macrophage efferocytosis, and more broadly, provides a general strategy for genome-wide CRISPR screen to interrogate complex functional phenotypes in primary macrophages. Highlights Functional readout for pooled genome-wide CRISPR screen in primary macrophages. WDFY3 is discovered as a regulator of macrophage efferocytosis in vitro and in vivo . WDFY3 deficiency led to impaired uptake, as opposed to binding, of apoptotic cells due to defective actin depolymerization. WDFY3 directly interacts with GABARAP, facilitating LC3 lipidation and subsequent lysosomal acidification to permit the degradation of apoptotic cell components. C-terminal WDFY3 is sufficient to regulate the degradation of engulfed apoptotic cells while full-length WDFY is required for regulating uptake.
Pulsed Bending Magnet System for the Stanford Two-Mile Accelerator (1965)

The electron beam from the Stanford two-mile linear accelerator is analyzed by a high-quality magnetic deflection system in the beam switchyard. The first magnet element in this system is a pulsed switching magnet capable of switching beams of different energies and intensities to either transport system on a pulse-to-pulse basis. This magnet actually consists of five one-meter sections and is powered by pulsed high-voltage supplies (modulators). Each magnet section is excited with two modulators because it must pulse in either polarity in order to switch the beam left or right; the pulse height should be continuously variable to accommodate any beam energy. The magnetic field in these magnets rises sinusoidally 360 times a second and has a peak value at 1700 gauss. In this paper the optical properties of pulsed magnet will be discussed briefly. Detailed descriptions of the pulsed magnet modulators, the instrumentation for the magnet, and the test results will be given. The problems connected with high-power switching at high repetition rates will be discussed.
New Generation Live Vaccines against Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Designed by Reverse Genetics (2005)

Development of a live pediatric vaccine against human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is complicated by the need to immunize young infants and the difficulty in balancing attenuation and immunogenicity. The ability to introduce desired mutations into infectious virus by reverse genetics provides a method for identifying and designing highly defined attenuating mutations. These can be introduced in combinations as desired to achieve gradations of attenuation. Attenuation is based on several strategies: multiple independent temperature-sensitive point mutations in the polymerase, a temperature-sensitive point mutation in a transcription signal, a set of non-temperature-sensitive mutations involving several genes, deletion of a viral RNA synthesis regulatory protein, and deletion of viral IFN alpha/beta antagonists. The genetic stability of the live vaccine can be increased by judicious choice of mutations. The virus also can be engineered to increase the level of expression of the protective antigens. Protective antigens from antigenically distinct RSV strains can be added or swapped to increase the breadth of coverage. Alternatively, the major RSV protective antigens can be expressed from transcription units added to an attenuated parainfluenza vaccine virus, making a bivalent vaccine. This would obviate the difficulties inherent in the fragility and inefficient in vitro growth of RSV, simplifying vaccine design and use.
Soldered contact effect on wire array Z-pinches (2007)

Experiments are conducted on the 16-wire aluminum Z-pinch arrays with both slow and fast risetimes wherein the initiation, ablation, implosion, and stagnation phases are compared for both soldered and unsoldered arrays. Time-dependent X-ray signals and self-emission data are measured and collected using a XUV 4-frame camera and an optical streak camera. Results show that in negative polarity, soldering appeared to produce a smaller radius pinch and improve X-ray yield variability in properly massed arrays.
<title>Inertial drives for micro- and nanorobots: analytical study</title> (1995)

The need for high precision robots dedicated to the assembly of microsystems has led to the design of new kinds of actuators able to reach very high positional accuracy over large distances. Among these, inertial sliders have received considerably interest in the last years. They have the advantage of being based on a simple principle that leads to a simple mechanical design. However, because they are based on the nonlinearity of friction, it is not easy to predict their stepsize repeatability. In order to understand the most important parameters affecting the precision of inertial drives, a theoretical study of a 1 degree of freedom inertial slider has been established. Analytical formulas describing the influence of different parameters, such as static and dynamic friction and mass distribution, have been developed. The effect of applied functions (sawtooth and parabolic), have also been studied. The theoretical cut off frequency has been found for each of the different waveforms, allowing us to predict the maximal and minimal working frequencies for the system. Thus, for each curve form, the repeatability of inertial sliders can be evaluated taking into account the uncertainties in the friction coefficients. The best suited waveforms for given constraints can therefore be selected. Simulations carried out from this have been successfully compared to experimental results.
Study on plasma-spraying coating bioactive ceramics onto silicon nitride surface as composite endosteal implants. (1997)

The successful key of endosteal implants depends on the properties of implant materials which are very important for oral implantology at the present. Because silicon nitride has high strength and hydroxylapatite (HA) and flourapatite (FA) have good biocompatibility. In this paper, we apply silicon nitride as base material. Plasma spray HA, FA onto its surface as composite endosteal implants. Physical and chemical properties test, includes X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), EDAX and bonding strength test (push-out test). The results indicate: after plasma-spraying coating, crystalline phase of HA and FA unchanged and form a lot of pores among the crystal particles. Those pores benefit bone growing into them. It is very important for implants to be fixed in bone for long time, Ca/P ratio has no significant change. Bonding strength test results indicate: Si3N4-HA 23.6MPa, Si3N4-FA 27.12 MPa are higher than that of Ti-HA 15.07 MPa. On the basis of these studies, they are kinds of ideal implant materials.
Data from Mechanism-informed Repurposing of Minocycline Overcomes Resistance to Topoisomerase Inhibition for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Mechanism-inspired drug repurposing that augments standard treatments offers a cost-effective and rapid route toward addressing the burgeoning problem of plateauing of effective therapeutics for drug-resistant micrometastases. We show that the antibiotic minocycline, by its ability to minimize DNA repair via reduced expression of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase-1 (Tdp1), removes a key process attenuating the efficacy of irinotecan, a frequently used chemotherapeutic against metastatic disease. Moreover, minocycline and irinotecan cooperatively mitigate each other's undesired cytokine inductions of VEGF and IL8, respectively, thereby reinforcing the benefits of each modality. These mechanistic interactions result in synergistic enhancement of irinotecan-induced platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer cell death, reduced micrometastases in the omenta and mesentery by &gt;75%, and an extended overall survival by 50% in a late-stage peritoneal carcinomatosis mouse model. Economic incentives and easy translatability make the repurposing of minocycline as a reinforcer of the topoisomerase class of chemotherapeutics extremely valuable and merits further investigations. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 17(2); 508–20. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Optimal Design of a Highly Compact Low-Cost and Strongly Coupled 4 Element Array for WLAN (2011)

A 4 element array of microstrip E shaped patches is designed for use in wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. The operating frequency range is from 3.4 to 3.8 GHz and the gain of the array is more than 13 dB. The main beam direction is normal to the ground plane. Considering the specifications given, the focus is on the reduction of occupied space. This implies the use of an integrated feeding technique in combination with highly coupled array elements. Although the concept was published before, no optimizers were used and the previous design did not meet the 10 dB matching criterion. It is clearly proven that, due to its complexity, this innovating topology can be fully taken advantage of only by designing it using efficient evolutionary optimizers. Both a particle swarm optimization (PSO) and a genetic algorithm (GA) technique are used. During the optimization process, the fitness is evaluated by using a full wave solver based on the method of moments (MOM). It is shown that for these types of structures, a single step optimization procedure is preferred, and PSO outperforms GA. CST EM Studio is used for validation purposes before manufacturing. A prototype array is fabricated and measured.
Lateral microstructurization of organic thiolate films during self-organization (1994)

Prevalence of quinolone-resistance to most common organisms causing urinary tract infections is significantly high in this community. (26.5% for E. coli). Therefore, in Comanche County Memorial Hospital and community, cephalosporins, preferably third generation, intravenous and oral preparations, rather than quinolones should be the first line of treatment, specially for elderly patients who are started on empirical therapy for UTI.
CHALLENGES WITH USING CORONARY ARTERY Z-SCORES IN CHILDREN WITH KAWASAKI DISEASE OR MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19 (2023)

Background: Differences in coronary artery (CA) Z-scores impact the guidelines for Kawasaki disease (KD) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).We compared measurements of the right (RCA), left main (LMCA), and left anterior descending (LAD) CA between the Pediatric Heart Network (PHN) Core Lab and independent reviewers and analyzed the differences in Z-scores using the PHN and Boston models to determine if certain clinical characteristics led to the greatest discrepancy.Methods: Independent, experienced echocardiographers (4) measured 200 randomly selected echoes stratified by BSA quartile and readability from the PHN database of 3215 healthy children <18 years old.Boston and PHN Z-scores were calculated.Interclass (ICC) and Pearsons correlation coefficients compared Core Lab vs reviewer measurements and Boston vs PHN Z-scores.Sex, age, and race of those with high (top quartile) vs low discrepancies were compared using parametric and non-parametric tests.Results: Sex, age, and race (37% White, 31% Black, 32% Other) were equally distributed.All reviewers measured the RCA on 88% of echoes, LAD on 75%, and LMCA on 93%.The difference in mean values for absolute measurements (mm) made by Core Lab vs each reviewer ranged from 0.4 -0.6 for RCA, 0.3 -0.4 for LAD, and 0.4 -0.6 for LMCA, with moderate interobserver variability (ICC: RCA 0.66, LAD 0.68, LMCA 0.75).The difference in mean values for Z-scores among all reviewers using PHN vs Boston model ranged from -0.3 -0.1 for RCA, -1.4 --1.3 for LAD, and -0.1 -0.1 for LMCA, with poor correlation between models (R-values: 0.22-0.4,0.13-0.29 and 0.17-0.34).Younger age was associated with high RCA discrepancy (p=0.02).Sex, age, and race had no association with high LAD or LMCA discrepancies. Conclusion:Discrepancies were highest in younger children for the RCA.LAD was least reliably measured with consistently larger Z-scores using the PHN model.Differences in CA measurements were within the ultrasound transducer axial resolution and amplified by creating Z-scores.For the same CA dimension, use of PHN (vs Boston) Z-scores may lead to more children exceeding the thresholds for diagnosis of KD/MIS-C and for use of anticoagulation.
Integration of hospital information systems, operative and peri-operative information systems, and operative equipment into a single information display. (2005)

The integration of disparate information systems in the operative environment allows access to information that is typically unseen or unused. Through a collaborative effort, a variety of information systems and surgical equipment are being integrated. This provides improved context-sensitive information display and decision support and improved access to information to improve workflow, safety and visualization of information that was previously unattainable.
Cluster Analysis of Cell Nuclei in H&E-Stained Histological Sections of Prostate Cancer and Classification Based on Traditional and Modern Artificial Intelligence Techniques (2021)

Biomarker identification is very important to differentiate the grade groups in the histopathological sections of prostate cancer (PCa). Assessing the cluster of cell nuclei is essential for pathological investigation. In this study, we present a computer-based method for cluster analyses of cell nuclei and performed traditional (i.e., unsupervised method) and modern (i.e., supervised method) artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for distinguishing the grade groups of PCa. Two datasets on PCa were collected to carry out this research. Histopathology samples were obtained from whole slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). In this research, state-of-the-art approaches were proposed for color normalization, cell nuclei segmentation, feature selection, and classification. A traditional minimum spanning tree (MST) algorithm was employed to identify the clusters and better capture the proliferation and community structure of cell nuclei. K-medoids clustering and stacked ensemble machine learning (ML) approaches were used to perform traditional and modern AI-based classification. The binary and multiclass classification was derived to compare the model quality and results between the grades of PCa. Furthermore, a comparative analysis was carried out between traditional and modern AI techniques using different performance metrics (i.e., statistical parameters). Cluster features of the cell nuclei can be useful information for cancer grading. However, further validation of cluster analysis is required to accomplish astounding classification results.