gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Pro-apoptotic Protein Bim Is a Convergence Point for cAMP/Protein Kinase A- and Glucocorticoid-promoted Apoptosis of Lymphoid Cells (2004)

The mechanisms by which cAMP mediates apoptosis are not well understood. In the current studies, we used wild-type (WT) S49 T-lymphoma cells and the kin(-) variant (which lacks protein kinase A (PKA)) to examine cAMP/PKA-mediated apoptosis. The cAMP analog, 8-CPT-cAMP, increased phosphorylation of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), activated caspase-3, and induced apoptosis in WT but not in kin(-) S49 cells. Using an array of 96 apoptosis-related genes, we found that treatment of WT cells with 8-CPT-cAMP for 24 h induced expression of mRNA for the pro-apoptotic gene, Bim. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that 8-CPT-cAMP increased Bim RNA in WT cells in <2 h and maintained this increase for >24 h. Bim protein expression increased in WT but not kin(-) cells treated with 8-CPT-cAMP or with the beta-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol. Both apoptosis and Bim expression were reversible with removal of 8-CPT-cAMP after <6 h. The glucocorticoid dexamethasone also promoted apoptosis and Bim expression in S49 cells. In contrast, both UV light and anti-mouse Fas monoclonal antibody promoted apoptosis in S49 cells but did not induce Bim expression. 8-CPT-cAMP also induced Bim expression and enhanced dexamethasone-promoted apoptosis in human T-cell leukemia CEM-C7-14 (glucocorticoid-sensitive) and CEM-C1-15 (glucocorticoid-resistant) cells; increased Bim expression in 8-CPT-cAMP-treated CEM-C1-15 cells correlated with conversion of the cells from resistance to sensitivity to glucocorticoid-promoted apoptosis. Induction of Bim appears to be a key event in cAMP-promoted apoptosis in both murine and human T-cell lymphoma and leukemia cells and thus appears to be a convergence point for the killing of such cells by glucocorticoids and agents that elevate cAMP.
Photonic crystal microcavities in SOI waveguides produced in a CMOS environment (2010)

We have investigated microcavities in Silicon-on-Insolator (SOI) waveguides. The rectangular waveguides with 500 nm width are fabricated in the 220 nm silicon device layer. The microcavities are formed by one-dimensional photonic crystals in Fabry-Perot structure directly written in the waveguides. The SOI photonic structures are produced in a CMOS environment using 248 nm DUV lithography, where the waveguides as well as the photonic crystals are created in the same step using a single mask. In order to achieve a desired spectral shape of the filter function capable for several applications, a number of different cavities were investigated, e.g. single cavities of first and higher order as well as multi-cavity filters. The experimental results are compared with simulations of photonic crystal microcavities in strip waveguides. The spectral transmission function of such filters dependent on the design parameters are calculated by an analysis based on Finite-Difference-Time-Domain (FDTD) method.
A deep learning framework for character motion synthesis and editing (2016)

We present a framework to synthesize character movements based on high level parameters, such that the produced movements respect the manifold of human motion, trained on a large motion capture dataset. The learned motion manifold, which is represented by the hidden units of a convolutional autoencoder, represents motion data in sparse components which can be combined to produce a wide range of complex movements. To map from high level parameters to the motion manifold, we stack a deep feedforward neural network on top of the trained autoencoder. This network is trained to produce realistic motion sequences from parameters such as a curve over the terrain that the character should follow, or a target location for punching and kicking. The feedforward control network and the motion manifold are trained independently, allowing the user to easily switch between feedforward networks according to the desired interface, without re-training the motion manifold. Once motion is generated it can be edited by performing optimization in the space of the motion manifold. This allows for imposing kinematic constraints, or transforming the style of the motion, while ensuring the edited motion remains natural. As a result, the system can produce smooth, high quality motion sequences without any manual pre-processing of the training data.
The contrast effect in judgments of physical attractiveness of self and others (1996)

This thesis proposes that judgments of attractiveness are necessarily relativistic. The scope of investigation was the contrast effect in judgments of physical attractiveness of self and strangers. As it stands, the effect predicts that exposure to highly attractive individuals will make people rate their own attractiveness or the attractiveness of others as lower. On the other hand, exposure to unattractive individuals is expected to have the reverse effect. This thesis deals with a number of issues of the contrast effect in judgments of attractiveness which have until now remained unclarified or unexplored. The theoretical part of the thesis covers issues such as the general theories of context effects, specifying the conditions when contrast or the opposite effect, assimilation are predicted, the importance of physical attractiveness for humans, as well as conventional definitions of it, the influence of the media in shaping people's attractiveness standards, and the applicability of Social Comparison theory on some of the issues under investigation. The findings of the thesis indicated that the contrast effect in judgments of attractiveness of strangers is a robust effect with considerable cross-cultural and cross-situational generality. Based on the results, a hypothesis was formulated on how the number of attractive people one is exposed to affects their ratings of attractiveness of others. Furthermore, the similarity between the target and the primes was found to promote the effect, however, the specificity of this similarity extended only as far as the sex of the stimuli. In line with previous findings the evidence on the contrast effect on self-ratings of attractiveness proved equivocal. The thesis tested two likely factors of this elusiveness and obtained encouraging data from one of them. Finally, the ubiquitous aim of the current work to test the ecological validity of the contrast effect in judgments of attractiveness placed the importance of the phenomenon in perspective.
Soft high saturation magnetization (Fe/sub 0.7/Co/sub 0.3/)/sub 1-x/N/sub x/ thin films for inductive write heads (2000)

(Fe/sub 0.7/Co/sub 0.3/)/sub 1-x/N/sub x/ (or FeCoN) alloy single layers and FeCoN film sandwiched between two very thin (5 nm) permalloy layers have been synthesized by RF diode sputtering. The saturation magnetization of the as-deposited FeCoN single layers was found to be around 24.5 kG, the same as the pure Fe/sub 0.7/Co/sub 0.3/ alloy; and the minimum hard-axis coercivity was 5 Oe. In contrast, the sandwiched FeCoN films have a hard axis coercivity of 0.6 Oe, an excellent in-plane uniaxial anisotropy with an anisotropy field of 20 Oe. The optimized FeCoN films exhibit a BCC structure with a strong {110} fiber texture and the resistivity is 55 /spl mu//spl Omega//spl middot/cm. The combination of high saturation and low coercivity, makes the FeCoN films a very promising candidate for the write head materials for future magnetic recording.
Editorial Special Issue on Open Ocean Aquaculture Engineering (2005)

PEN ocean aquaculture engineering is a relatively new area of study. Only in the last 10 to 15 years have engineers started to develop techniques to design and analyze marine aquaculture systems to support the production of a few selected species. Today, a larger variety of fishery products are being considered for grow-out in exposed open ocean environments. Many new types of systems and aquaculture applications are being proposed. Oceanographic conditions, the use of optimized equipment and marketable species will determine the design criteria, which will vary from region to region and country to country. The goal of this Special Issue is to present a sampling of open ocean aquaculture engineering from a global perspective. Articles and Technical Communications were submitted from Canada, the United States, Taiwan, Norway, New Zealand, and Spain. The individual approaches are unique and reflect different sets of engineering considerations. However, the lessons
Bloodstream Infections Caused by Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis (2021)

In patients with cirrhosis, the ESBLEC BSIs group had a higher frequency of ST 131 strains and longer hospital stay than the NESBLEC BSIs group with similar 30-day re-admission/mortality. ST 131 strains were associated with 30-day re-admission.
Scalable 3D Ta:SiOx Memristive Devices (2019)

Abstract A highly reliable memristive device based on tantalum‐doped silicon oxide is reported, which exhibits high uniformity, robust endurance (≈1 × 10 9 cycles), fast switching speed, long retention, and analog conductance modulation. Devices with junction areas ranging from microscale to as small as 60 × 15 nm 2 are fabricated and electrically characterized. ON‐/OFF‐ conductance and reset current show weak area dependence when the device is relatively large, and they become proportional to the device area when further scaled down. Two‐layer devices with repeatable switching behavior are achieved. The current study shows the potentials of Ta:SiO 2 ‐based 3D vertical devices for memory and computing applications. It also suggests that doping of the switching layer is an efficient approach to engineer the performance of memristive devices.
Peg fracture in a Tricon P tibial component. (1991)

Revision of a total knee replacement because of medial tibial plateau insufficiency revealed the base plate of a noncemented plastic-peg tibial component to have sheared off the plastic pegs which were still tightly embedded in bone. The fact that these plastic pegs remained tight indicates that even in extremely adverse situations the pegs are capable of providing fixation.
Baby talk: Understanding and generating simple image descriptions (2011)

We posit that visually descriptive language offers computer vision researchers both information about the world, and information about how people describe the world. The potential benefit from this source is made more significant due to the enormous amount of language data easily available today. We present a system to automatically generate natural language descriptions from images that exploits both statistics gleaned from parsing large quantities of text data and recognition algorithms from computer vision. The system is very effective at producing relevant sentences for images. It also generates descriptions that are notably more true to the specific image content than previous work.
Solid-state ring laser with diffraction acoustooptic mode feedback (1981)

An experimental investigation was made of the influence of the diffraction acoustic feedback on the stimulated emission from a YAG:Nd3 solid-state ring laser with forced acoustooptic mode locking. The feedback was created by directing beams diffracted in an acoustooptic modulator back to the ring laser resonator. A study was made of systems with a single reversing mirror and with an additional linear or ring resonator for the diffracted beams. In all cases this feedback broadened considerably the mode-locking band. It was possible to modulate in different ways the intensities of the opposite waves in the ring laser by sweeping the ultrasonic wave frequency inside the mode-locking band. In particular, the direction of the radiation emitted by the ring laser could be switched without low-frequency transients.
Combining Ability of Different Agronomic Traits and Yield Components in Hybrid Barley (2015)

Selection of parents based on their combining ability is an effective approach in hybrid breeding. In this study, eight maintainer lines and nine restorer lines were used to obtain 72 crosses for analyzing the general combining ability (GCA) and special combining ability (SCA) for seven agronomic and yield characters including plant height (PH), spike length excluding awns (SL), inter-node length (IL), spikes per plant (SP), thousand kernel weight (TKW), kernel weight per plant (KWP) and dry matter weight per plant (DWP). The results showed that GCA was significantly different among parents and SCA was also significantly different among crosses. The performance of hybrid was significantly correlated with the sum of female and male GCA (TGCA), SCA and heterosis. Hu1154 A, Mian684 A, 86F098 A, 8036 R and 8041 R were excellent parents with greater general combining ability. Five crosses, Hu1154 A×8032 R, Humai10 A×8040 R, Mian684 A×8037 R, Mian684 A×8041 R and 86F098 A×8037 R, showed superior heterosis for most characters.
Latin American weed biological control science at the crossroads. (2008)

Summary Latin America is the centre of origin of many of the invasive alien weeds threatening natural and agricultural ecosystems throughout the world. As a result, it has been an important destination for expeditions in search of natural enemies for their control. Unfortunately, the role of local scientists has been mainly that of contracted explorers, cooperating on projects aimed at exploration for classical biological control agents. This is changing as the need to confront the growing threat from alien weeds in Latin America gathers pace. Nevertheless, with limited funding and a continuing ignorance by both the general public and the decision makers about the scale of the invasive weed problem in Latin America, target selection will be critical since this will determine the long-term viability of biological control in the region. In the proactive, new role to develop biological control in Latin America, should ‘easy’ targets be selected, for which there has been success on other continents, or instead, should targets be more challenging, potentially confrontational, such as African grasses which threaten not only the stability of unique ecosystems but which could also have global consequences? These issues will be discussed based on experiences gained from past and present collaborative projects.
Semaphorin 3A controls enteric neuron connectivity and is inversely associated with synapsin 1 expression in Hirschsprung disease (2020)

Most of the gut functions are controlled by the enteric nervous system (ENS), a complex network of enteric neurons located throughout the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. The formation of ENS connectivity during the perinatal period critically underlies the establishment of gastrointestinal motility, but the factors involved in this maturation process remain poorly characterized. Here, we examined the role of Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) on ENS maturation and its potential implication in Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), a developmental disorder of the ENS with impaired colonic motility. We found that Sema3A and its receptor Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) are expressed in the rat gut during the early postnatal period. At the cellular level, NRP1 is expressed by enteric neurons, where it is particularly enriched at growth areas of developing axons. Treatment of primary ENS cultures and gut explants with Sema3A restricts axon elongation and synapse formation. Comparison of the ganglionic colon of HSCR patients to the colon of patients with anorectal malformation shows reduced expression of the synaptic molecule synapsin 1 in HSCR, which is inversely correlated with Sema3A expression. Our study identifies Sema3A as a critical regulator of ENS connectivity and provides a link between altered ENS connectivity and HSCR.
Passive cavitation imaging with ultrasound arrays (2009)

A method is presented for passive imaging of cavitational acoustic emissions using an ultrasound array, with potential application in real-time monitoring of ultrasound ablation. To create such images, microbubble emissions were passively sensed by an imaging array and dynamically focused at multiple depths. In this paper, an analytic expression for a passive image is obtained by solving the Rayleigh-Sommerfield integral, under the Fresnel approximation, and passive images were simulated. A 192-element array was used to create passive images, in real time, from 520-kHz ultrasound scattered by a 1-mm steel wire. Azimuthal positions of this target were accurately estimated from the passive images. Next, stable and inertial cavitation was passively imaged in saline solution sonicated at 520 kHz. Bubble clusters formed in the saline samples were consistently located on both passive images and B-scans. Passive images were also created using broadband emissions from bovine liver sonicated at 2.2 MHz. Agreement was found between the images and source beam shape, indicating an ability to map therapeutic ultrasound beams in situ. The relation between these broadband emissions, sonication amplitude, and exposure conditions are discussed.
Double-ended Tuning Fork Quartz Accelerometer (1986)

Quartz accelerometers with frequency output have been designed and built using etched double-ended tuning fork technology. These devices consist of two tuning forks connected in a cantilever beam configuration with beryllium-copper spacers which serves as a proof mass and inboard spacer. The frequency outputs of each tuning fork resonant circuit are mixed to yield an output frequency of approximately 1kHz at zero acceleration. The sensitivity of the devices is approximately 1Hz/G. The fundamental vibration frequency of the cantilever beam is 2200Hz in this undamped device. Shock testing up to 1500G has indicated good survivability characteristics. Individual fork measurements compared with assembled cantilevers tested in a +- 1G field in the temperature range of -55C to +85C indicate that residual stesses associated with assembly contributes to the temperature sensitivity of the bias frequency. Centrifuge testing has been conducted over the range of 0-120G with an indicated non-linearity of less than 2mG.
Manufacturing experience with high performance mixed dielectric circuit boards (2002)

A wide range of advanced dielectric materials are available for use in high speed digital and RF/microwave printed circuit boards. These materials present new challenges in the manufacturing process, especially when they are combined in mixed or unbalanced structures. The properties of these materials are reviewed, and their impact on manufacturing in various product applications is discussed.
Patient-specific cancer genes contribute to recurrently perturbed pathways and establish therapeutic vulnerabilities in esophageal adenocarcinoma (2019)

The identification of cancer-promoting genetic alterations is challenging particularly in highly unstable and heterogeneous cancers, such as esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Here we describe a machine learning algorithm to identify cancer genes in individual patients considering all types of damaging alterations simultaneously. Analysing 261 EACs from the OCCAMS Consortium, we discover helper genes that, alongside well-known drivers, promote cancer. We confirm the robustness of our approach in 107 additional EACs. Unlike recurrent alterations of known drivers, these cancer helper genes are rare or patient-specific. However, they converge towards perturbations of well-known cancer processes. Recurrence of the same process perturbations, rather than individual genes, divides EACs into six clusters differing in their molecular and clinical features. Experimentally mimicking the alterations of predicted helper genes in cancer and pre-cancer cells validates their contribution to disease progression, while reverting their alterations reveals EAC acquired dependencies that can be exploited in therapy.
Dendritic Cell and NK Cell Reciprocal Cross Talk Promotes Gamma Interferon-Dependent Immunity to Blood-StagePlasmodium chabaudiAS Infection in Mice (2008)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are important accessory cells for promoting NK cell gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production in vitro in response to Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells (iRBC). We investigated the requirements for reciprocal activation of DCs and NK cells leading to Th1-type innate and adaptive immunity to P. chabaudi AS infection. During the first week of infection, the uptake of iRBC by splenic CD11c(+) DCs in resistant wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice was similar to that in interleukin 15(-/-) (IL-15(-/-)) and IL-12p40(-/-) mice, which differ in the severity of P. chabaudi AS infection. DCs from infected IL-15(-/-) mice expressed costimulatory molecules, produced IL-12, and promoted IFN-gamma secretion by WT NK cells in vitro as efficiently as WT DCs. In contrast, DCs from infected IL-12p40(-/-) mice exhibited alterations in maturation and cytokine production and were unable to induce NK cell IFN-gamma production. Coculture of DCs and NK cells demonstrated that DC-mediated NK cell activation required IL-12 and, to a lesser extent, IL-2, as well as cell-cell contact. In turn, NK cells from infected WT mice enhanced DC maturation, IL-12 production, and priming of CD4(+) T-cell proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion. Infected WT mice depleted of NK cells, which exhibit increased parasitemia, had impaired DC maturation and DC-induced CD4(+) Th1 cell priming. These findings indicate that DC-NK cell reciprocal cross talk is critical for control and rapid resolution of P. chabaudi AS infection and provide in vivo evidence for the importance of this interaction in IFN-gamma-dependent immunity to malaria.
Primary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix: CT findings. (1999)

When CT reveals a cystic mass with enhancing wall nodularity in the expected area of the appendix, especially in older patients, the possibility of primary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma should be considered.
Selective recovery of critical materials in supercritical water\n desalination (2021)

Supercritical water desalination (SCWD) is an alternative zero-liquid\ndischarge desalination technique that can overcome many technical and\nenvironmental challenges in common desalination processes. Our recent\ntechno-economic analyses on the process integration and intensification of an\nSCWD process suggest that SCWD can be an economically competitive zero-liquid\ndischarge desalination technique for highly concentrated brines. In addition to\nthese attractive features, this work explores the possibility of utilizing the\nSCWD process for the selective recovery of industrially essential materials as\nco-products. Model brines containing sodium chloride, neodymium chloride, and\nother sodium-containing salts, are examined as model feeds from 25 to 450 C at\n25 MPa. The sodium contents in the effluent were not sensitive to the presence\nother salts, but that of neodymium was. When sodium acetate was added,\nwater-insoluble precipitates were obtained. The characterization of these\ndeposits using gas pycnometer, FT-IR, SEM/EDS, and XRD indicates that the\nprecipitates mainly contain neodymium hydroxide and some low-concentration\nimpurities. These results suggest that an SCWD process has the potential to\nrecover critical materials while producing freshwater.\n
The impact of common genetic variants in the mitochondrial glycine cleavage system on relevant metabolites (2018)

The glycine cleavage system (GCS) is a complex of four enzymes enabling glycine to serve as a source of one-carbon units to the cell. We asked whether concentrations of glycine, dimethylglycine, formate, and serine in blood are influenced by variation within GCS genes in a sample of young, healthy individuals. Fifty-two variants tagging (r<sup>2</sup> < 0.9) the four GCS genes were tested; one variant, <i>GLDC</i> rs2297442-G, was significantly associated (<i>p</i> = .0007) with decreased glycine concentrations in serum.
Prairie Dog: Cuddly Pet or Trojan Horse? (2004)

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