gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A rationale for the use of songs with children undergoing bone marrow transplantation (1996)

Children who are undergoing bone marrow transplantation are at risk of developing specific psychological complications from both the illness and the treatment. This paper examines the medical aspects of childhood leukaemia, its side effects and psychosocial challenges as they impact the child; reviews the literature on the psychological and social factors associated with bone marrow transplant treatment for children; and examines music therapy intervention strategies, specifically the use of songs and songwriting, with this population. Finally, it is suggested that the use of songs in therapy may lead to better coping skills and may be an effective assessment tool. (author abstract)
Blockchain and AI-Based Solutions to Combat Coronavirus (COVID-19)-Like Epidemics: A Survey (2021)

The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of coronavirus outbreak caused by a novel virus called SARS-CoV-2. The sudden explosion and uncontrolled worldwide spread of COVID-19 show the limitations of existing healthcare systems in timely handling public health emergencies. In such contexts, innovative technologies such as blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have emerged as promising solutions for fighting coronavirus epidemic. In particular, blockchain can combat pandemics by enabling early detection of outbreaks, ensuring the ordering of medical data, and ensuring reliable medical supply chain during the outbreak tracing. Moreover, AI provides intelligent solutions for identifying symptoms caused by coronavirus for treatments and supporting drug manufacturing. Therefore, we present an extensive survey on the use of blockchain and AI for combating COVID-19 epidemics. First, we introduce a new conceptual architecture which integrates blockchain and AI for fighting COVID-19. Then, we survey the latest research efforts on the use of blockchain and AI for fighting COVID-19 in various applications. The newly emerging projects and use cases enabled by these technologies to deal with coronavirus pandemic are also presented. A case study is also provided using federated AI for COVID-19 detection. Finally, we point out challenges and future directions that motivate more research efforts to deal with future coronavirus-like epidemics.
Comparing brain-computer interaction and eye tracking as input modalities: An exploratory study (2013)

Brain computer interfaces have become one of the growing areas for human computer interaction research. Various research studies were conducted to control graphical user interfaces using brain computer interface methods. Furthermore, eye tracking was another input modality that has been examined for controlling interactive systems. In this paper we investigate object selection using P300 brain signals and eye tracking across consistently design graphical user interface. We conducted several experiments on each approach on able-bodied subjects. The aim of these experiments was to evaluate and compare the accuracy and time to complete the task for both approaches. Experimental results indicated that the accuracy of eye tracking as an input modality was 92.5% on average, with 80% of participants reaching 100% accuracy. In contrast, P300 was found to produce low accuracy and efficiency results compared to eye tracking with average accuracy 32% among 20 participants.
Enhanced cell sorting and manipulation with combined optical tweezer and microfluidic chip technologies (2011)

Sorting (or isolation) and manipulation of rare cells with high recovery rate and purity are of critical importance to a wide range of physiological applications. In the current paper, we report on a generic single cell manipulation tool that integrates optical tweezers and microfluidic chip technologies for handling small cell population sorting with high accuracy. The laminar flow nature of microfluidics enables the targeted cells to be focused on a desired area for cell isolation. To recognize the target cells, we develop an image processing methodology with a recognition capability of multiple features, e.g., cell size and fluorescence label. The target cells can be moved precisely by optical tweezers to the desired destination in a noninvasive manner. The unique advantages of this sorter are its high recovery rate and purity in small cell population sorting. The design is based on dynamic fluid and dynamic light pattern, in which single as well as multiple laser traps are employed for cell transportation, and a recognition capability of multiple cell features. Experiments of sorting yeast cells and human embryonic stem cells are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed cell sorting approach.
Cytotoxic CD8+T cell ablation enhances the capacity of regulatory T cells to delay viral elimination in Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis (2017)

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis (TME) of susceptible mouse strains is a commonly used infectious animal model for multiple sclerosis. The study aim was to test the hypothesis whether cytotoxic T cell responses account for the limited impact of regulatory T cells on antiviral immunity in TME virus-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD) resistant C57BL/6 mice. TME virus-infected C57BL/6 mice were treated with (i) interleukin-2/-anti-interleukin-2-antibody-complexes to expand regulatory T cells ("Treg-expansion"), (ii) anti-CD8-antibodies to deplete cytotoxic T cells ("CD8-depletion") or (iii) with a combination of Treg-expansion and CD8-depletion ("combined treatment") prior to infection. Results showed that "combined treatment", but neither sole "Treg-expansion" nor "CD8-depletion," leads to sustained hippocampal infection and virus spread to the spinal cord in C57BL/6 mice. Prolonged infection reduces myelin basic protein expression in the spinal cord together with increased accumulation of β-amyloid precursor protein in axons, characteristic of myelin loss and axonal damage, respectively. Chronic spinal cord infection upon "combined treatment" was also associated with increased T and B cell recruitment, accumulation of CD107b<sup>+</sup> microglia/macrophages and enhanced mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor α. In conclusion, data revealed that the suppressive capacity of Treg on viral elimination is efficiently boosted by CD8-depletion, which renders C57BL/6 mice susceptible to develop chronic neuroinfection and TMEV-IDD.
Quantification of free and protein‐bound trans‐resveratrol metabolites and identification of trans‐resveratrol‐C/O‐conjugated diglucuronides – Two novel resveratrol metabolites in human plasma (2008)

The polyphenol trans-resveratrol (t-RES) is present as t-RES-3-O-beta-D-glycoside, termed piceid, in several plant-derived foods. Although data on the metabolism and on in vivo effects of t-RES have been reported, quantitative data on the metabolites formed after dietary intake of t-RES or piceid are still lacking. In this study, 85.5 mg of piceid per 70 kg of body weight (bw) were administered to healthy volunteers in a bolus dose. t-RES metabolites formed in plasma and urine were identified and quantified by LC-MS/MS, NMR, and HPLC-DAD analysis using chemically synthesized t-RES conjugate standards. In addition, the amount of t-RES metabolites bound noncovalently to plasma proteins was determined for the first time in humans. The metabolites identified and quantified were t-RES-3-sulfate, t-RES-3,4'-disulfate, t-RES-3,5-disulfate, t-RES-3-glucuronide and t-RES-4'-glucuronide, with t-RES-sulfates being the dominant conjugates in plasma and urine. Besides these metabolites, two novel t-RES-C/O-conjugated diglucuronides have been identified and quantified in plasma and urine. Moreover, it could be shown that up to 50% of the plasma t-RES-3-sulfate, t-RES-disulfates, and the novel t-RES-C/O-diglucuronides were bound to proteins. Total recovery of the dietary administered piceid in urine ranged between 13.6 and 35.7%.
A Novel Unified Architecture for Public-Key Cryptography (2005)

We propose a fully-parallel, bit-sliced unified architecture designed to perform modular multiplication/exponentiation and GF(2/sup M/) multiplication as the core operations of RSA and EC cryptography. The architecture uses a radix-2 Montgomery technique for modular arithmetic, and a radix-4 MSD-first approach for GF(2/sup M/) multiplication. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first unified proposal based on such a hybrid approach. The architecture structure is bit-sliced and is highly regular, modular, and scalable, as virtually any datapath length can be obtained at a linear cost in terms of hardware resources and no costs in terms of critical path. Our proposal outperforms all similar unified architectures found in the technical literature in terms of clock count and critical path. The architecture has been implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) device. A highly compact and efficient design was obtained taking advantage of the architectural characteristics.
European Vintage tomatoes galore: a result of farmers combinatorial assorting/swapping of a few diversity rich loci (2021)

Abstract A comprehensive collection of 1,254 tomato accessions corresponding to European heirlooms and landraces, together with modern varieties, early domesticates and wild relatives, were analyzed by genotyping by sequencing. A continuous genetic gradient between the vintage and modern varieties was observed. European vintage tomatoes displayed very low genetic diversity, with only 298 loci out of 64,943 variants being polymorphic at the 95% threshold. European vintage tomatoes could be classified in several genetic groups. Two main clusters consisting of Spanish and Italian accessions showed a higher genetic diversity than the rest varieties, suggesting that these regions might be independent secondary centers of diversity and with a different history. Other varieties seem to be the result of a more recent complex pattern of migrations and hybridizations among the European regions. Several polymorphic loci were associated in a GWAS with fruit morphological traits in the European vintage collection, and the corresponding alleles were found to contribute to the distinctive phenotypic characteristic of the genetic varietal groups. The few highly polymorphic loci associated with morphological traits in an otherwise diversity-poor genome suggests a history of balancing selection, in which tomato farmers maintained the morphological variation by applying a high selective pressure within different varietal types. Highlight The high phenotypic diversity observed among European vintage varieties was created by traditional farmers by combining very few polymorphic loci subjected to balancing selection.
Speech inputs to safety logic (SISL) (2015)

This article consists of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation.
Marine Antifouling Coatings Based on Durable Bottlebrush Polymers (2022)

We report a next-generation, biocide-free, and durable marine antifouling coating technology. To achieve this, we combined two different polymers previously developed by us. First, we synthesized well-defined 2-hydroxypropyl acrylamide (HPA) based bottlebrush polymers with concentrated polymer brush (CPB) structures, which exhibit excellent bioinertness, and second, we synthesized photoreactive copolymers of 2-hydroxypropyl acrylamide (HPA) and <i>N</i>-benzophenone acrylamide (BPA), which can be cross-linked by exposure to sunlight for 30 min. Simply mixing the bottlebrush polymers with the photoreactive copolymers and applying these as a coating provided a scalable method for achieving effective antifouling properties in one step on a broad range of polymer substrate materials. The resistance of bottlebrushes against acid and base hydrolysis was demonstrated in accelerated degradation experiments at 80 °C, and the coating thickness was found to be stable after 3 months of incubation in sea water. Optimized coatings prevented cypris larva attachment for up to 9 days and prevented the settling of marine organisms in the sea for up to 73 days. Due to the ease of application, long-term durability, and effective antifouling performance, our bottlebrush coating technology is expected to be exploited in biocide-free marine paints.
An Optimized Quantization Constraints Set for Image Restoration and its GPU Implementation (2020)

This paper presents a novel optimized quantization constraint set, acting as an add-on to existing DCT-based image restoration algorithms. The constraint set is created based on generalized Gaussian distribution which is more accurate than the commonly used uniform, Gaussian or Laplacian distributions when modeling DCT coefficients. More importantly, the proposed constraint set is optimized for individual input images and thus it is able to enhance image quality significantly in terms of signal-to-noise ratio. Experimental results indicate that the signal-to-noise ratio is improved by at least 6.78% on top of the existing state-of-the-art methods, with a corresponding expense of only 0.38% in processing time. The proposed algorithm has also been implemented in GPU, and the processing speed increases further by 20 times over that of CPU implementation. This makes the algorithm well suited for fast image retrieval in security and quality monitoring system.
Initial experience of prostate specific membrane antigen binding agent 123I-MIP-1072 nuclear scan in patients with metastatic prostatic cancer: Comparison with bone and CT scans (2012)

271 Objectives 123I-MIP-1072 prostate cancer specific imaging is naturally more specific than bone scan. Is it more sensitive than bone scan? What is the 123I-MIP-1072’s value when correlates with CT scan? Methods 123I-MIP-1072 was provided by Molecular Insight Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for this clinical trial. Five metastatic prostate cancer patients were enrolled at this study site. Following IV injection of 10 mCi 123I-MIP-1072, whole body planar scans were performed at 0.5, 4 and 24 hours and SPECT/CT imaging at 4 and 24 hours. Lesion numbers were counted by 2 nuclear radiologists at this site based on whole body images. Study images were compared to contrast CT scans and Tc-99m MDP bone scans performed within 2 months. Results 123I-MIP-1072 whole body scans demonstrated greater target to background ratio because there was no physiological bone uptake. We detected a total of 164 ± 3 bony lesions in 5 patients on 123I-MIP-1072 scans in comparison to 86 ± 5 lesions on bone scans. Many degenerative lesions shown on bone scan were negative on MIP-1072 imaging. We found 123I-MIP-1072 imaging detected more bony lesions than bone scan in every patient. The smallest 123I-MIP-1072 positive node we detected on SPECT images was 6 mm. An initially thought nonspecific 6 mm lung nodule on CT in one patient demonstrated mild 123I-MIP-1072 uptake. We also found focal 123I-MIP-1072 uptake in peritoneal cavity, which is evidently not the physiological intestinal uptake and is likely tumor seeding. Conclusions In comparison with bone scan, 123I-MIP-1072 appears to be more specific, and is likely also more sensitive in detecting prostate cancer bone metastasis. In comparison with CT scan,123I-MIP-1072 has great potential to differentiate subcentimeter lymph nodes, lung nodules and peritoneal tumor seeding. Further study is warranted in a larger sample size. Research Support Molecular Insight Pharmaceuticals, Inc
Contribution of Salt Bridges Toward Protein Thermostability (2000)

Abstract We present an extensive study of the structural factors suggested to be responsible for thermostability, in 18 nonredundant families of thermophilic and mesophilic proteins. Each of these 18 families consists of homologous thermophilic-mesophile pairs, with high resolution crystal structures for both pair-members available in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). We observe that both the thermophilic and the mesophilic proteins have similar hydrophobicities, oligomeric states, and hydrogen bonds. On the other hand, salt bridges increase in most of the thermophilic proteins. Yet, on the other hand, salt bridges have been proposed to destabilize protein structures. Hence, here we seek to understand why do salt bridges occur more frequently in thermophilic proteins. Investigating this problem, we focus on the glutamate dehydrogenase family. Computation of the electrostatic contribution of salt bridge energies by solving the Poisson equation in a continuum solvent medium, shows that the salt bridges in the glutamate dehydrogenase from the hyperthermophile Pyrococcus furiosus are highly stabilizing. In contrast, the salt bridges in the mesophilic Clostridium symbiosum glutamate dehydrogenase contribute only marginally to protein stability. The presence of a larger number of salt bridges cooperatively enhances their strength. Our results indicate that salt bridges and their networks may have an important role in rigidifying the protein structure at high temperatures. Formation of salt bridge networks may help in explaining the increased occurrence and stability of salt bridges in hyperthermophiles.
Assessment of comfort property of jute-cotton blend denim trousers after repetitive laundering (2022)

In this analysis jute cotton blend denims performance at enzyme wash to 35 times respective laundering, in friction and roughness properties where 5 times laundered sample showed smoother surface in both inner and outer surface. In bending properties, 5 times laundered sample was found second lowest Bending Average Rigidity (BAR) and Bending Work (BW). In compression, highest Compression Average Rigidity (CAR), Recovery Average Rigidity(RAR) and less energy requirement Compression work (CW) to compress in both inner and outer surface was found in 5 times laundered sample. In Sensorial Comfort Aspect (SCA), 5 times laundered sample was found smoother surface property, quite higher bending property and higher compression average rigidity. Therefore, 5 times laundered sample was good sensorial comfort among all the samples. In Maximum Thermal Flux (MTF), 20 times laundered sample gives most warm feeling at inner surface because it provides minimum heat flux which ensure warmness in skin-garment micro environment. For thermo physiological comfort aspect, only 20 times repetitive laundered sample found maximum thermo physiological comfort among all samples. Thus, Jute-Cotton blend denims performance at enzyme wash to 35 times repetitive laundering up to 20 times repetitive laundering sample reported good results and the protruding fibre of jute was visible excessively on the surface.
Long-Range Seasonal Forecasting of 2m-Temperature with Machine Learning (2021)

A significant challenge in seasonal climate prediction is whether a prediction can beat climatology. We hereby present results from two data-driven models - a convolutional (CNN) and a recurrent (RNN) neural network - that predict 2 m temperature out to 52 weeks for six geographically-diverse locations. The motivation for testing the two classes of ML models is to allow the CNN to leverage information related to teleconnections and the RNN to leverage long-term historical temporal signals. The ML models boast improved accuracy of long-range temperature forecasts up to a lead time of 30 weeks for PCC and up 52 weeks for RMSESS, however only for select locations. Further iteration is required to ensure the ML models have value beyond regions where the climatology has a noticeably reduced correlation skill, namely the tropics.
Raman Study of the Photochemical Ylide Intermediate Produced from a 1,3-diazabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-ene (1979)

Abstract The resonant Raman spectrum of the photochemically produced blue ylide of (A) was obtained in the solid surface. These data are compared with the Raman spectrum of the parent compound. Most of the intense peaks can be understood on the basis of group vibrations of nitrobenzene, benzene, aziridine, and isoimidazole. The symmetric NO2 stretching (1340 cm–1) is down-shifted in frequency by 24 cm–1 in going from the bicyclic azirdine to its ylide. This is rationalized by the drop of the double bond order of the NO, through electron resonance.
Parametric study of laterally acoustically coupled bulk acoustic wave filters (2012)

Acoustically coupled thin-film bulk acoustic wave resonator filters, in which the coupling takes place mechanically in the lateral direction between closely-spaced narrow resonators, are a promising approach to passband filtering at gigahertz frequencies. In this paper, filters with interdigital electrode structures are studied. Electrode number, electrode width, and coupling gap width are varied. The resonators are solidly mounted, having an acoustic mirror isolating the resonator from a Si substrate and providing the means to engineer the acoustic dispersion properties of the resonators. The center frequency of the filters is around 2 GHz. Electrical frequency responses of the filters are measured and the strength of the lateral acoustic coupling is calculated from the measurements. The effects of device parameters on the acoustic coupling and the obtainable filter bandwidth are analyzed in detail. A bandpass filter with 4.9% bandwidth, minimum insertion loss of 2 dB and sharp transition from passband to suppression band, is presented.
3-D video coding with redundant-wavelet multihypothesis (2006)

Multihypothesis with phase diversity is introduced into motion-compensated temporal filtering by deploying the latter in the domain of a spatially redundant wavelet transform. The centerpiece of this redundant-wavelet approach to multihypothesis temporal filtering is a multiple-phase inverse transform that involves an implicit projection significantly reducing noise not captured by the motion model of the temporal filtering. The primary contribution of the work is a derivation that establishes analytically the advantage of the redundant-wavelet approach as compared to equivalent temporal filtering taking place in the spatial domain. For practical implementation, a regular triangle mesh is used to track motion between frames, and an affine transform between mesh triangles implements motion compensation within a lifting-based temporal transform. Experimental results reveal that the incorporation of phase-diversity multihypothesis into motion-compensated temporal filtering improves rate-distortion performance, and state-of-the-art scalable performance is observed.
An analysis of time-dependent planning (1988)

This paper presents a framework for exploring issues in time-dependent planning: planning in which the time available to respond to predicted events varies, and the decision making required to formulate effective responses is complex. Our analysis of time-dependent planning suggests an approach based on a class of algorithms that we call anytime algorithms. Anytime algorithms can be interrupted at any point during computation to return a result whose utility is a function of computation time. We explore methods for solving time-dependent planning problems based on the properties of anytime algorithms.