gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Caveolin Dominant Negative Mutant Associates with Lipid Bodies and Induces Intracellular Cholesterol Imbalance (2001)

Recent studies have indicated a role for caveolin in regulating cholesterol-dependent signaling events. In the present study we have analyzed the role of caveolins in intracellular cholesterol cycling using a dominant negative caveolin mutant. The mutant caveolin protein, cav-3(DGV), specifically associates with the membrane surrounding large lipid droplets. These structures contain neutral lipids, and are accessed by caveolin 1-3 upon overexpression. Fluorescence, electron, and video microscopy observations are consistent with formation of the membrane-enclosed lipid rich structures by maturation of subdomains of the ER. The caveolin mutant causes the intracellular accumulation of free cholesterol (FC) in late endosomes, a decrease in surface cholesterol and a decrease in cholesterol efflux and synthesis. The amphiphile U18666A acts synergistically with cav(DGV) to increase intracellular accumulation of FC. Incubation of cells with oleic acid induces a significant accumulation of full-length caveolins in the enlarged lipid droplets. We conclude that caveolin can associate with the membrane surrounding lipid droplets and is a key component involved in intracellular cholesterol balance and lipid transport in fibroblasts.
Skeletal rearrangements in mass spectra. Part I. Bis‐aryl compounds (1968)

Abstract Examination of a large number of spectra indicates that bis‐unsaturated compounds commonly undergo a skeletal rearrangement in which part or all or the bridging moiety is eliminated, often with concomitant loss of hydrogen atoms. The spectra of labeled azobenzene, diphenyl sulfide, and their p , p ′‐dimethyl derivatives show that scrambling of hydrogen atoms precedes or accompanies such rearrangements, in contrast to the loss of a p ‐methyl group from the latter derivatives. These results are rationalized in terms of the radical site formed on one unsaturated functional group attacking the polarizable π‐electrons of the other unsaturated group.
An Unprecedented Organocascade Synthesis of Functionalized Bicyclic Nitrones from 2‐Aminomalonate Derived Nucleophiles and 1‐Nitro‐1,3‐Enynes via Allenes Formation and Subsequent Rearrangement (2018)

Abstract An efficient organocatalytic cascade reaction for synthesising functionalized bicyclic nitrones is reported. The reaction of dielectrophilic ethyl 2‐(nitromethylene)‐4‐arylbut‐3‐ynoate and ( E )‐diethyl 2‐((2‐hydroxybenzylidene)‐amino)malonates to give a unique nitrone scaffold in the presence of a catalytic amount of DABCO is described. The working mechanism was proposed to proceed with allene formation followed by intramolecular cyclization and the rearrangement of an oxygen atom in the nitro group. A broad range of substrates was accessed in this facile chemical transformation, in which the bicyclic nitrones were isolated in moderate to good yields (19% to 79%) with excellent diastereoselectivity (&gt;20:1 dr). magnified image
Supplementary Data from Chi3l1 Is a Modulator of Glioma Stem Cell States and a Therapeutic Target in Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data and figure legends&lt;/p&gt;
A Comparison of the Kinematics of a Child Finite Element Model and the HYBRID III 3-Year-Old Dummies in Frontal Crashes (2007)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The THUMS (Total HUman Model for Safety) 3-year-old child finite element (FE) model was developed by Toyota Central R&amp;amp;D Labs (TCRDL) by model-based scaling from the AM50 (50 percentile male) human FE model. The objective of this paper is to present a comparison between the kinematics of a child FE model developed from the adult THUMS model and a HYRID III 3-year-old child dummy using observations from numerical simulations of a CMVSS 208 frontal crash. Both the child models were positioned in a forward facing, five point child restraint systems (CRS). An acceleration pulse acquired from a vehicle crash test in accordance with Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (CMVSS) 208 was applied to the seat buck supporting the CRS. Numerical simulations with both the child model and the Hybrid III child dummy were conducted using LS-DYNA version 970.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Through a quantitative analysis of the head accelerations, it was observed that the 3-year-old child model experienced greater magnitudes of head accelerations in the global x-direction as compared to the Hybrid III three-year-old child dummy. In addition, the child model exhibited an increased flexibility of the neck and a greater degree of deformation in the thorax. The child model exhibited an 18% greater magnitude of head rotation about the y-axis compared to the Hybrid III child dummy. The head injury criteria values calculated over a 36 ms window were observed to be 480 for the child model and 576 for the Hybrid III child dummy respectively. By comparing the head trajectories of the two FE models with an experimentally completed crash test using a child cadaver it was observed that the child model is more capable of predicting the kinematics believed to be experienced by a child body. The results of this study may act as a reference to aid in improving the accuracy of numerical simulations for child safety in vehicle crashes.&lt;/div&gt;
X-ray Structure of Human Acid-β-Glucosidase Covalently Bound to Conduritol-B-Epoxide (2005)

Gaucher disease is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the lysosomal enzyme acid-beta-glucosidase (GlcCerase). We recently determined the x-ray structure of GlcCerase to 2.0 A resolution (Dvir, H., Harel, M., McCarthy, A. A., Toker, L., Silman, I., Futerman, A. H., and Sussman, J. L. (2003) EMBO Rep.4, 704-709) and have now solved the structure of Glc-Cerase conjugated with an irreversible inhibitor, conduritol-B-epoxide (CBE). The crystal structure reveals that binding of CBE to the active site does not induce a global conformational change in GlcCerase and confirms that Glu340 is the catalytic nucleophile. However, only one of two alternative conformations of a pair of flexible loops (residues 345-349 and 394-399) located at the entrance to the active site in native GlcCerase is observed in the GlcCerase-CBE structure, a conformation in which the active site is accessible to CBE. Analysis of the dynamics of these two alternative conformations suggests that the two loops act as a lid at the entrance to the active site. This possibility is supported by a cluster of mutations in loop 394-399 that cause Gaucher disease by reducing catalytic activity. Moreover, in silico mutational analysis demonstrates that all these mutations stabilize the conformation that limits access to the active site, thus providing a mechanistic explanation of how mutations in this loop result in Gaucher disease.
Effect of Hypophosphatemia on Diaphragmatic Contractility in Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure (1985)

We studied the effects of hypophosphatemia on diaphragmatic function in eight patients with acute respiratory failure who were artificially ventilated. Their mean serum phosphorus level was 0.55 +/- 0.18 mmol per liter (normal value, 1.20 +/- 0.10). The contractile properties of the diaphragm were assessed by measuring the transdiaphragmatic pressure generated at functional residual capacity during bilateral supramaximal electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerves. Diaphragmatic function was evaluated in each patient before and after correction of hypophosphatemia, which was achieved by administration of 10 mmol of phosphorus (as KH2PO4) as a continuous infusion for four hours. After phosphate infusion, the mean serum phosphorus level increased significantly (1.33 +/- 0.21 mmol per liter, P less than 0.0001). The increase in serum phosphorus was accompanied by a marked increase in the transdiaphragmatic pressure after phrenic stimulation (17.25 +/- 6.5 cm H2O as compared with 9.75 +/- 3.8 before phosphate infusion, P less than 0.001). Changes in the serum phosphorus level and transdiaphragmatic pressure were well correlated (r = 0.73). These results strongly suggest that hypophosphatemia impairs the contractile properties of the diaphragm during acute respiratory failure, and they emphasize the importance of maintaining normal serum inorganic phosphate levels in such patients.
Effect of Sleep on Epilepsy (2002)

There is an extremely intimate relationship between sleep and epilepsy. In this manuscript I will review the influence that sleep has on epilepsy. Sleep is a potent activator of interictal epileptiform discharges. Sharp waves are infrequent during wakefulness in benign focal epilepsy of childhood, but may occur in runs of several discharges per page in sleep. The interictal discharges become almost continuous in non-REM sleep in the syndrome of encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus during slow wave sleep. In some patients with West syndrome a hypsarrhythmia pattern may only appear in sleep whereas in others there may be an increase in discharges in a semiperiodic fashion resulting in a burst-suppression like pattern. Seizures appear to have a very close relationship with sleep in certain epilepsy syndromes. In benign focal epilepsy of childhood the seizures occur almost exclusively in sleep, while supplementary sensorimototor area seizures tend to occur in clusters during sleep. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy has a close relationship with the sleep-wake cycle with seizures tending to occur predominantly on awakening. I also discuss the role of sleep and sleep deprivation in the EEG evaluation of epilepsy.
Diagnosis of Medial Knee Pain: Atypical Stress Fracture About the Knee Joint (2006)

Stress fractures are commonly encountered injuries in individuals subjected to increased physical training demands. Early evaluation may not yield well-localized findings and may mimic other conditions. Nonmusculoskeletal conditions should be considered in the management of patients with stress fractures. This resident's case problem illustrates the importance of serial physical examinations and collaboration with other healthcare practitioners in the comprehensive assessment and management of a patient with a severe stress fracture.
Reproduction of Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Experimental Data by Means of a Hybrid Cardiovascular Model With Baroreflex Control (2013)

Long-term mechanical circulatory assistance opened new problems in ventricular assist device-patient interaction, especially in relation to autonomic controls. Modeling studies, based on adequate models, could be a feasible approach of investigation. The aim of this work is the exploitation of a hybrid (hydronumerical) cardiovascular simulator to reproduce and analyze in vivo experimental data acquired during a continuous flow left ventricular assistance. The hybrid cardiovascular simulator embeds three submodels: a computational cardiovascular submodel, a computational baroreflex submodel, and a hydronumerical interface submodel. The last one comprises two impedance transformers playing the role of physical interfaces able to provide a hydraulic connection with specific cardiovascular sites (in this article, the left atrium and the ascending/descending aorta). The impedance transformers are used to connect a continuous flow pump for partial left ventricular support (Synergy Micropump, CircuLite, Inc., Saddlebrooke, NJ, USA) to the hybrid cardiovascular simulator. Data collected from five animals in physiological, pathological, and assisted conditions were reproduced using the hybrid cardiovascular simulator. All parameters useful to characterize and tune the hybrid cardiovascular simulator to a specific hemodynamic condition were extracted from experimental data. Results show that the simulator is able to reproduce animal-specific hemodynamic status both in physiological and pathological conditions, to reproduce cardiovascular left ventricular assist device (LVAD) interaction and the progressive unloading of the left ventricle for different pump speeds, and to investigate the effects of the LVAD on baroreflex activity. Results in chronic heart failure conditions show that an increment of LVAD speed from 20 000 to 22 000 rpm provokes a decrement of left ventricular flow of 35% (from 2 to 1.3 L/min). Thanks to its flexibility and modular structure, the simulator is a platform potentially useful to test different assist devices, thus providing clinicians additional information about LVAD therapy strategy.
An Energy Efficient Protocol for Gateway-Centric Federated Residential\n Access Networks (2011)

The proliferation of overlapping, always-on IEEE 802.11 Access Points (APs)\nin urban areas can cause spectrum sharing conflicts, inefficient bandwidth\nusage and power waste. Cooperation among APs could address these problems (i)\nby allowing under-used devices to hand over their clients to nearby APs and\ntemporarily switch off, (ii) by balancing the load of clients among APs and\nthus offloading congested APs. The federated houses model provides an appealing\nbackdrop to implement cooperation among APs. In this paper, we outline a\nframework that, assuming the presence of a multipurpose gateway with AP\ncapabilities in every household, allows such cooperation through the monitoring\nof local wireless resources and the triggering of offloading requests toward\nother federated gateways. We then present simulation results in realistic\nsettings that provide some insight on the capabilities of our framework.\n
The jungle (1958)

Journal Article The jungle Get access I. O. Evans, F.R.G.S. I. O. Evans, F.R.G.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume CCIII, Issue dec, 1 December 1958, Page 547, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/CCIII.dec.547a Published: 01 December 1958
Figure S3 from Validation of a Plasma-Based Comprehensive Cancer Genotyping Assay Utilizing Orthogonal Tissue- and Plasma-Based Methodologies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Quantitative accuracy of Digital Sequencing. Quantitative correlation between expected and observed VAFs for SNVs (a) and CNAs (b) in the analytical validation studies. (c) DS copy number calls compared to those reported in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE).&lt;/p&gt;
A Prototype Acid Spray Scrubber for Absorbing Ammonia Emissions from Exhaust Fans of Animal Buildings (2007)

Mitigation of ammonia (NH3) emissions from animal production buildings has been a challenge because of the large volume of low NH3 concentration laden air being released. Among emission mitigation technologies for concentrated animal feeding operations, acid spray scrubbers have the greatest potential for adaptation to the existing large animal facilities because of their lower fan airflow reduction, ability to simultaneously remove particulate and gaseous pollutants, and viability for zero or less waste generation by recycling effluents as liquid fertilizer. A multi-stage wet scrubber prototype that can be operated with a maximum of three stages was developed and optimized for reducing NH3 emissions using simulated conditions typically encountered at an animal building exhaust. The parameters optimized for a single-stage wet scrubber include nozzle type, nozzle operating pressure, sulfuric acid concentration, spray coverage, and air retention time. The optimized single-stage wet scrubber settings can remove emissions from 60% 1% at 5 ppmv inlet NH3 concentration (IAC) to 27% 2% at 100 ppmv IAC at a normal exhaust superficial air velocity (SAV) of 6.6 m s-1. A high concentration of droplets inside the contact chamber increased the rate of inter-collision between droplets, which led to high droplet coagulation and decreased surface area for gas-liquid contact. These phenomena were prevented by operating the nozzles in the higher stages co-current to the airflow and by using fewer nozzles in higher stage. The two-stage and three-stage wet scrubbers were therefore optimized by determining the least number of nozzles in each stage that provided the most effective NH3 removal. The optimized two-stage scrubber could remove NH3 emissions from 60% 0% at 5 ppmv IAC and 35% 1% at 100 ppmv IAC. The optimized three-stage scrubber could remove emissions from 63% 3% at 5 ppmv IAC and 36% 3% at 100 ppmv IAC. Airflow retention time was found to significantly affect NH3 absorption. Reducing the superficial air velocity to 3.3 m s-1 from 6.6 m s-1, which increased the air retention time from 0.2 s to 0.4 s, improved NH3 removal efficiencies to 98% 3% at 5 ppmv IAC and 46% 2% at 100 ppmv IAC for the single-stage scrubber. Similarly, the performance of the two-stage scrubber at a SAV of 3.3 m s-1 improved to 77% 0% at 20 ppmv IAC and 57% 1% at 100 ppm IAC. Lastly, the performance of the three-stage scrubber at a SAV of 3.3 m s-1 improved to 70% 1% at 30 ppmv IAC and 64% 1% at 100 ppmv IAC. It was observed that the three-stage wet scrubber did not increase the overall wet scrubber performance, as predicted theoretically. Further studies are needed so that the application of these scrubber designs becomes feasible for treating air emissions from animal buildings. The wet scrubber caused an additional backpressure of 27.5 Pa, resulting in about 8% airflow reduction for a fan operating at 12.5 Pa.
ChemInform Abstract: AMINO ACIDS AND PEPTIDES, XXVIII. DEHYDRO AMINO ACIDS, XIV. SCHIFF BASES OF DEHYDRO AMINO ACIDS FROM 2‐ARYL‐4‐THIAZOLIDINECARBOXYLIC ACIDS. FIRST SYNTHESIS OF AN N‐ARYLIDENE‐DEHYDROALANINE ESTER (1979)

Abstract Mit Silbercarbonat in aprotischen Lösungsmitteln werden die 2‐Arylthiazolidin‐Derivate (I) zu den Schiffschen Basen des Dehydrovalins (II) abgebaut.
Reduktion und Umlagerung eines Bor(I)‐Carbonylkomplexes (2020)

Abstract Bei der Einelektronenreduktion eines durch eine cyclisches (Alkyl)(amino)carben (CAAC) stabilisierten Arylborylen‐Carbonylkomplexes erfolgt die Bildung eines dimeren Borylketyl‐Radikalanions, bedingt durch eine intramolekulare Arylmigration zum CO Kohlenstoffatom. Computergestützte Analyse liefert Hinweise auf eine radikalanionische [(CAAC)B(CO)Ar] .− Zwischenstufe. Weiterführende Reduktion des entstandenen Komplexes liefert ein hoch nukleophiles (Boranyliden)methanolat.
Fracture enhancement based on artificial ants and fuzzy c-means clustering (FCMC) in Dezful Embayment of Iran (2015)

This paper deals with the application of the ant colony algorithm (AC) to a seismic dataset from Dezful Embayment in the southwest region of Iran. The objective of the approach is to generate an accurate representation of faults and discontinuities to assist in pertinent matters such as well planning and field optimization. The AC analyzed all spatial discontinuities in the seismic attributes from which features were extracted. True fault information from the attributes was detected by many artificial ants, whereas noise and the remains of the reflectors were eliminated. Furthermore, the fracture enhancement procedure was conducted by three steps on seismic data of the area. In the first step several attributes such as chaos, variance/coherence and dip deviation were taken into account; the resulting maps indicate high-resolution contrast for the variance attribute. Subsequently, the enhancement of spatial discontinuities was performed and finally elimination of the noise and remains of non-faulting events was carried out by simulating the behavior of ant colonies. After considering stepwise attribute optimization, focusing on chaos and variance in particular, an attribute fusion was generated and used in the ant colony algorithm. The resulting map displayed the highest performance in feature detection along the main structural feature trend, confined to a NW–SE direction. Thus, the optimized attribute fusion might be used with greater confidence to map the structural feature network with more accuracy and resolution. In order to assess the performance of the AC in feature detection, and cross validate the reliability of the method used, fuzzy c-means clustering (FCMC) was employed for the same dataset. Comparing the maps illustrates the effectiveness and preference of the AC approach due to its high resolution contrast for structural feature detection compared to the FCMC method. Accordingly, 3D planes of discontinuity determined spatial distribution of fractures in the field in order to assist well planning. Results revealed that the high impedance location probability related to an area in the vicinity of the faults, whilst low impedance location probably could indicate zones of high permeability which indicate flow conduits. Analysis under the present study suggests that the orientation and magnitude of fractures exhibiting the main trend of NW–SE in Dezful Embayment is more susceptible to stimulation and is more likely to open for fluid flow.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Structure of Trisilylmethane and Synthesis of 1,1,1‐ Trisilylethane. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multiview registration for large data sets (2003)

We present a multiview registration method for aligning range data. We first align scans pairwise with each other and use the pairwise alignments as constraints that the multiview step enforces while evenly diffusing the pairwise registration errors. This approach is especially suitable for registering large data sets, since using constraints from pairwise alignments does not require loading the entire data set into memory to perform the alignment. The alignment method is efficient, and it is less likely to get stuck into a local minimum than previous methods, and can be used in conjunction with any pairwise method based on aligning overlapping surface sections.
Continuous measurement of ventilatory exchange ratio during exercise (1964)

The ventilatory gas exchange ratio (R) has been measured continuously during exercise from end-tidal CO 2 and N 2 concentrations recorded with gas analyzers. Studies in normal subjects and patients with different working capacities indicate that the change in R at different levels of work lasting several minutes on an ergometer gives an excellent measure of the balance between oxygen supply and demand in the working muscles. The level of work at which R increases appreciably above its resting level corresponds to the level at which arterial lactate increases and plasma bicarbonate falls. The continuous measurement of R can be readily incorporated into work tests for the assessment of exercise performance in both normal subjects and patients with cardiovascular diseases. blood bicarbonate; work test; anaerobic metabolism; physical fitness; blood lactate Submitted on December 30, 1963
Predicting Field Reliability (2015)

The objective of the work described is to accurately predict, as early as possible in the software lifecycle, how reliably a new software release will behave in the field. The initiative is based on a set of innovative mathematical models that have consistently shown a high correlation between key in-process metrics and our primary customer experience metric, SWDPMH (Software Defects per Million Hours [usage] per Month). We have focused on the three primary dimensions of testing -- incoming, fixed, and backlog bugs. All of the key predictive metrics described here are empirically-derived, and in specific quantitative terms have not previously been documented in the software engineering/quality literature. A key part of this work is the empirical determination of the precision of the measurements of the primary predictive variables, and the determination of the prediction (outcome) error. These error values enable teams to accurately gauge bug finding and fixing progress, week by week, during the primary test period.