gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Multicomponent Exercise Training on the Health of Older Women with Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2022)

This study aimed to analyze the effects of multicomponent exercise training in older women with osteoporosis. We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (number CRD42022331137). We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and CINHAL databases for randomized experimental trials that analyzed the effects of physical exercise on health-related variables in older women with osteoporosis. The risk of bias in the studies was verified using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the Jadad scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 544 participants in the experimental group and 495 in the control group. The mean age of all participants was 68.4 years. The studies combined two to four different exercise types, including strength, aerobic, balance, flexibility, and/or functional fitness training. The practice of multicomponent training with an average of 27.2 weeks, 2.6 sessions per week, and 45 min per session showed improvements in strength, flexibility, quality of life, bone mineral density, balance, and functional fitness and reduced the risk of falls in older women with osteoporosis. Multicomponent training was shown to be effective in improving health-related variables in older women with osteoporosis.
Dihydro-dioxetobenzodioxine: Synthese und Chemilumineszenz (1981)

Die neuen „energiereichen”︁ Dioxetane (2), durch Photooxygenierung der 1,4-Benzodioxine (1) hergestellt und chromatographisch isoliert, zerfallen beim Erwärmen unter Lichtemission quantitativ zu den Brenzcatechin-Derivaten (3). Die Singulett- und Triplett-Quantenausbeuten wurden durch Energietransfer-Chemilumineszenz bestimmt.
2.49 GHz low phase-noise optoelectronic oscillator using 1.55&#x03BC;m VCSEL for avionics and aerospace applications (2008)

We present here a 1.55 mum single mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) based low phase-noise ring optoelectronic (OEO) oscillator operating at 2.49 GHz for aerospace, avionics and embedded systems applications. Experiments using optical fibers of different lengths have been carried out to obtain optimal results. A phase-noise measurement of -107 dBc/Hz at an offset of 10 kHz from the carrier is obtained. A 3-dB linewidth of 16 Hz for this oscillator signal has been measured. An analysis of lateral mode spacing or free spectral range (FSR) as a function of fiber length has been carried out. A parametric comparison with DFB laser-based and multimode VCSEL-based opto-electronic oscillators is also presented.
Predictive factors of ovarian response and clinical outcome after IVF/ICSI following a rFSH/GnRH antagonist protocol with or without oral contraceptive pre-treatment (2011)

The best predictive model of ovarian response was in the non-OC group and included both AMH and basal FSH determined at the early follicular phase of the stimulation cycle. In the proceeding cycle, AMH alone had sufficient predictive value since it was not affected by inter-cycle variability or OC pretreatment.
Thermal Conductivity of Nanocrystalline Silicon: Importance of Grain Size and Frequency-Dependent Mean Free Paths (2011)

The thermal conductivity reduction due to grain boundary scattering is widely interpreted using a scattering length assumed equal to the grain size and independent of the phonon frequency (gray). To assess these assumptions and decouple the contributions of porosity and grain size, five samples of undoped nanocrystalline silicon have been measured with average grain sizes ranging from 550 to 64 nm and porosities from 17% to less than 1%, at temperatures from 310 to 16 K. The samples were prepared using current activated, pressure assisted densification (CAPAD). At low temperature the thermal conductivities of all samples show a T(2) dependence which cannot be explained by any traditional gray model. The measurements are explained over the entire temperature range by a new frequency-dependent model in which the mean free path for grain boundary scattering is inversely proportional to the phonon frequency, which is shown to be consistent with asymptotic analysis of atomistic simulations from the literature. In all cases the recommended boundary scattering length is smaller than the average grain size. These results should prove useful for the integration of nanocrystalline materials in devices such as advanced thermoelectrics.
Role of asymmetric critical current on magnetization loss characteristics of (RE)Ba2Cu3O7−d coated conductors at various temperatures (2021)

Commercial high-Tc superconducting (HTS) coated conductors exhibit asymmetric Ic(B,θ) characteristics, where B presents a DC magnetic field and θ is defined as the angle between an applied magnetic field and the normal component of the superconductor plane. The asymmetric Ic(B,θ) characteristics have a non-trivial influence on the dominant loss component, magnetization loss, of various HTS applications where HTS conductors are exposed to an AC magnetic field. Here, we present measurements of Ic(B,θ) and magnetization loss in a 12 mm-wide (Rare Earth)Ba2Cu3O7−d (REBCO) commercial coated conductor at 77, 70, and 65 K. In the Ic(B,θ) measurement, θ was varied around a full 360° revolution and B was varied up to 0.2 T. In terms of the magnetization loss measurement, the applied AC magnetic field amplitude is up to 110 mT and the field angle varied from 0° to 180°. At the three given temperatures, we observed magnetization loss variations among the field-angle range, in particular, for θ and 180°-θ, which are in mirror symmetry relative to the superconducting plane. Furthermore, this asymmetric field-angle dependence of the magnetization loss becomes more apparent at higher applied field amplitudes and lower operating temperatures. A finite element method simulation using H-formulation was carried out by directly interpolating the measured Ic(B,θ) data, and the simulation results reproduce the trend of the experimental results. We also found that the magnetization loss is not equivalent within the positive and negative half field cycles due to the asymmetric Ic(B,θ) characteristics of the conductor. Numerical simulations revealed a clear correlation between the magnetization loss and the asymmetric Ic(B,θ) data for the whole 360° field-angle range in the REBCO conductor. The asymmetry in the Ic(B,θ) data about the ab-peak causes differences in magnetization loss values for the mirror-symmetric field angles. The asymmetry in the Ic(B,θ) data upon field reversal also results in differences between magnetization loss values for the positive and negative cycles.
Method of making colloid labeled with radionuclide (2023)

A ferric hydroxide colloid having an alpha-emitting radionuclide essentially on the outer surfaces and a method of forming same. The method includes oxidizing a ferrous hydroxide to ferric hydroxide in the presence of a preselected radionuclide to form a colloid having the radionuclide on the outer surface thereof, and thereafter washing the colloid, and suspending the washed colloid in a suitable solution. The labelled colloid is useful in cancer therapy and for the treatment of inflamed joints.
Selection of tannase-producing Aspergillus niger strains (2001)

The aim of this work was to select strains of Aspergillus niger for tannase production. Growth of colonies in plates with tannic acid-containing medium indicated their ability to synthesize tannase. Tannase activity was also measured in solid-state fermentation. A. niger 11T25A5 was the best tannase producer (67.5 U.g-1/72 hours of fermentation).
ChemInform Abstract: EINFUEHRUNG VON FUNKTIONEN IN TRICYCLO(5,2,1,0(4,10))DECAN, UMLAGERUNG VON TRICYCLO(5,2,1,0(4,10))DECAN ZU ADAMANTAN (1970)

Abstract Das Tricyclodecan (I) reagiert mit Azidoameisensäuremethylester in 70%iger Ausbeute zu den Methylurethanen (II) und (III) sowie der endo‐ und exo‐Form des Urethans (IV).
Treatment of allergic disease with nanoemulsion adjuvant vaccines (2019)

Peer Reviewed
Cap‐Dependent Translation Initiation Factor eIF4E: An Emerging Anticancer Drug Target (2012)

Cancer cells tend to be more highly dependent on cap-dependent translation than normal tissues. Thus, proteins involved in the initiation of cap-dependent translation have emerged as potential anti-cancer drug targets. Cap-dependent translation is initiated by the binding of the factor eIF4E to the cap domain of mRNA. Detailed x-ray crystal and NMR structures are available for eIF4E in association with cap-analogs, as well as domains of other initiation factors. This review will summarize efforts to design potential antagonist of eIF4E that could be used as new pharmacological tools and anti-cancer agents and. Insights drawn from these studies should aid in the design of future inhibitors of eIF4E dependent translation initiation.
Control of B cell lymphoma recognition via natural killer inhibitory receptors implies a role for human Vγ9/Vδ2 T cells in tumor immunity (1997)

The Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T cell receptor (TCR) is expressed by most human gammadelta T cells. We show here that cytotoxic T lymphocytes of the Vgamma9/Vdelta2 subset, but not of the Vdelta1 subset of human gammadelta T cells, express natural killer inhibitory receptors (KIR) with specificity for different HLA class I alleles that down-regulate TCR-mediated signaling in response to HLA class I-expressing B cell lymphomas. Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T cell clones with a T helper cell phenotype lack KIR and produce lymphokines in response to most human B cell lymphomas, just as they do upon recognition of the HLA class I-deficient human Burkitt's lymphoma Daudi. Thus, human Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T cells have an innate specificity for nonpolymorphic cell surface structures expressed by many lymphoma cells and their cytotoxic activity is controlled by KIR. These results imply a general role of human Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T cells in the defense against hematopoietic tumors that is distinct from NK cells.
Quantification and Localization of Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor in Gingiva of Periodontitis Patients (2003)

PDGF is present in increased levels in the human inflamed gingiva and is mainly localized to the pocket epithelium. It is possible that chronic expression of PDGF contributes to the inflammatory changes that occur during periodontal diseases.
Human bone marrow megakaryocytes and platelets express PPARγ, and PPARγ agonists blunt platelet release of CD40 ligand and thromboxanes (2004)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is a ligand-activated transcription factor important in lipid metabolism, diabetes, and inflammation. We evaluated whether human platelets and megakaryocytes express PPARgamma and whether PPARgamma agonists influence platelet release of bioactive mediators. Although PPARgamma is mainly considered a nuclear receptor, we show that enucleate platelets highly express PPARgamma protein as shown by Western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry. Meg-01 megakaryocyte cells and human bone marrow megakaryocytes also express PPARgamma. Platelet and Meg-01 PPARgamma bound the PPARgamma DNA consensus sequence, and this was enhanced by PPARgamma agonists. Platelets are essential not only for clotting, but have an emerging role in inflammation in part due to their release or production of the proinflammatory and proatherogenic mediators CD40 ligand (CD40L) and thromboxanes (TXs). Platelet incubation with a natural PPARgamma agonist, 15d-PGJ(2), or with a potent synthetic PPARgamma ligand, rosiglitazone, prevented thrombin-induced CD40L surface expression and release of CD40L and thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)). 15d-PGJ(2) also inhibited platelet aggregation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release. Our results show that human platelets express PPARgamma and that PPARgamma agonists such as the thiazolidinedione class of antidiabetic drugs have a new target cell, the platelet. This may represent a novel mechanism for treatment of inflammation, thrombosis, and vascular disease in high-risk patients.
Late Pleistocene to late Holocene palaeoecology and human foraging at Kuumbi Cave, Zanzibar Island (2023)

Background Climate change played a major role in shaping regional human-environment interactions in Africa during the late Pleistocene-Holocene, but this topic has not been exhaustively studied, particularly in eastern Africa. While there is growing evidence that the coastal and island settings in this region played a critical role in human evolution, combined archaeological and palaeoenvironmental studies have tended to focus on the arid interior and show the dominance of grasslands with patches of closed and open woodlands during the last 20,000 years. Methods Here, we present stable carbon and oxygen isotope analyses of zooarchaeological remains (n = 229) recovered from Kuumbi Cave, Zanzibar Island, spanning the last glacial period and the Holocene (20,000 to 500 cal. BP). Results Our data demonstrate that the vicinity of Kuumbi Cave was consistently covered by mosaic habitats, dominated by forests and small patches of open woodland and grassland. The inhabitants of Kuumbi Cave exploited these diverse tropical habitats even after the regional arrival of agriculture. Discussion We suggest that the stable coastal forest mosaic habitats acted as a refugium for foragers during glacial periods and that the Iron Age inhabitants of Kuumbi Cave were not food producers migrating from the interior, but rather Indigenous foragers interacting with food production.
A specialized on-the-fly algorithm for lexicon and language model composition (2006)

This paper presents an algorithm for the composition of weighted finite-state transducers which is specially tailored to speech recognition applications: it composes the lexicon with the language model while simultaneously optimizing the resulting transducer. Furthermore, it performs these computations "on-the-fly" to allow easier management of the tradeoff between offline and online computation and memory. The algorithm is exact for local knowledge integration and optimization operations such as composition and determinization. Minimization and pushing operations are approximated. Our results have confirmed the efficiency of these approximations
Perturbed Iterate Analysis for Asynchronous Stochastic Optimization (2017)

We introduce and analyze stochastic optimization methods where the input to each update is perturbed by bounded noise. We show that this framework forms the basis of a unified approach to analyzing asynchronous implementations of stochastic optimization algorithms, by viewing them as serial methods operating on noisy inputs. Using our perturbed iterate framework, we provide new analyses of the Hogwild! algorithm and asynchronous stochastic coordinate descent that are simpler than earlier analyses, remove many assumptions of previous models, and in some cases yield improved upper bounds on the convergence rates. We proceed to apply our framework to develop and analyze KroMagnon: a novel, parallel, sparse stochastic variance-reduced gradient (SVRG) algorithm. We demonstrate experimentally on a 16-core machine that the sparse and parallel version of SVRG is in some cases more than four orders of magnitude faster than the standard SVRG algorithm.
Localized Sources of Neurotrophins Initiate Axon Collateral Sprouting (1998)

The sprouting of axon collateral branches is important in the establishment and refinement of neuronal connections during both development and regeneration. Collateral branches are initiated by the appearance of localized filopodial activity along quiescent axonal shafts. We report here that sensory neuron axonal shafts rapidly sprout filopodia at sites of contact with nerve growth factor-coated polystyrene beads. Some sprouts can extend up to at least 60 micro(m) through multiple bead contacts. Axonal filopodial sprouts often contained microtubules and exhibited a debundling of axonal microtubules at the site of bead-axon contact. Cytochalasin treatment abolished the filopodial sprouting, but not the accumulation of actin filaments at sites of bead-axon contact. The axonal sprouting response is mediated by the trkA receptor and likely acts through a phosphoinositide-3 kinase-dependent pathway, in a manner independent of intracellular Ca2+ fluctuations. These findings implicate neurotrophins as local cues that directly stimulate the formation of collateral axon branches.
Properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)—Bentonite clay nanocomposite films in relation to polymer–clay interactions (2011)

Abstract This study describes an effective way for the preparation of well‐dispersed, high‐loaded PVA/bentonite nanocomposites with improved properties, based on nanoscale interactions. To this end, a series of Poly(vinyl alcohol)—bentonite clay nanocomposites have been prepared via solvent casting technique and their properties were thoroughly investigated by atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐Ray diffraction, oxygen and water permeability, water sorption along with mechanical and thermal studies. Microscopic and XRD techniques revealed highly organized regions. Clay content up to 10% led to nanocomposites with high degree of exfoliation. In addition samples with increased filler content (20%) demonstrated also, apart from the delaminated, well‐organized intercalated regions. The nanocomposites exhibited increased mechanical, thermal and gas barrier properties, though they retained their optical clarity. Thus, the Young's modulus of the sample containing 20% clay was increased by 193 times, while the oxygen permeability was decreased about seven times, in regard to the corresponding values of the neat polymer. The obtained results were explored on the basis of nanoscale phenomena and it was concluded that the organized structures and intercalated regions observed on highly loaded samples are attributed to the competitive effect between weaker polymer–polymer interactions in relation to stronger polymer–clay ones. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Low workfunction fully silicided gate on SiO/sub2//Si and LaAlO/sub 3//GOI n-MOSFETs (2004)

The main challenges for metal-gate/high-k CMOS are to find dual workfunction gates and robust high-k dielectrics. The low workfunction metal-gate for n-MOS is especially difficult since it reacts with oxygen rapidly and is hard to form a silicide or nitride. We have successfully developed 4.2 and 4.3 eV low workfunction NiSi:Hf and NiTiSi gates that were integrated onto SiO/sub 2//Si, novel high-k LaAlO/sub 3//Si and LaAlO/sub 3//GOI n-MOSFETs. The Hf or TiSi is for low workfunction control and the NiSi is for low resistivity.
Handbook of Real-Time Fast Fourier Transforms: Algorithms to Product Testing (1995)

From the Publisher:
Electrical Engineering Handbook of Real-Time Fast Fourier Transforms Algorithms to Product Testing This useful, logical, unbiased, FFT compendium allows the user to quickly and accurately obtain practical information to implement a solution or simply acquire a general overview without spending months gathering this information elsewhere. Jay Perry, Executive Vice President, Technology, Catalina Research, Inc. This is a practical guide for understanding and using FFTs. Win's (Winthrop Smith, author) years of experience using FFTs to solve real-world problems comes through on page after page. If you're building an FFT processor, you'll find this book indispensable. Tony Agnello, President, Ariel Corp. FFTs are at the heart of ADSL, the new telecom standard (T1.413), which allows phones to transfer digital data 200 times faster and simultaneously transmit speech. Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) synthesize, recognize,enhance, compress, modify, or analyze signals in products such as Doppler weather radar, CT and MRI scans, AWACS radar, and satellite imaging radar. In this book, you will get the foundation and facts you need to implement FFT algorithms for many diverse applications. Key features you will put to immediate use include:
*Comparison matrices and performance measures for objective selection of weighting functions, algorithm building blocks, algorithms, algorithm mappings, arithmetic formats, and DSP chips
*Extensive algorithm examples with instructions for memory mapping and conversion to code
*An unbiased listing of the FFT features of 51 fixed-point DSP chips, including ASIC and multiprocessor chips, 13 floating-point DSP chips, and six dedicated FFTchips
*Test signals with instructions and examples on how to detect and isolate errors during: FFT algorithm/code development and debugging, and end-product operation
*Design examples for products that use frequency analysis, power spectrum estimation, linear filtering, and two-dimensional processing
*Questions and answers for selecting commercial-off-the-shelf DSP boardsAn all-in-one-source for implementing real-time FFT algorithms of any length, this book will be essential to engineers and other technical innovators who want to stay on the cutting edge of FFT technology.
Response of Flexible Panel to Turbulence (1966)

Using a relatively simple functional representation of space-time correlation of the wall pressure fluctuation and by the use of the Lyon-Dyer method, the motion of a simple supported panel can be predicted, and the results agree reasonably well with the author's experimental results. The most striking feature of the excitation mechanism is called coincidence. This is a condition under which the wavenumber and frequency spectrum coincide with the turbulence and panel spectra. The matching and mismatching in wavenumber and frequency scale clearly indicate that the mean-square displacement peaks corresponding to the various panel modes coincide with those of a pressure at a given frequency. The frequencies were chosen so that 2πf/K1* corresponds to the convection velocity, K1* being the wavenumber at the spectrum peak. If, for certain frequencies and wavenumbers, mismatch between panel spectrum and turbulence spectrum should occur, a reduction in panel-displacement amplitude is observed. Such a mismatch is also reflected in the acoustic power radiated where similar reduction is obtained.
Evaluation of the NSQIP Surgical Risk Calculator to Predict Complications in Gynecologic Oncology Patients Undergoing Laparotomy (2015)

Rivard, Colleen L. MD; Slagle, Elizabeth A. MD; Nahum, Rebecca; Vogel, Rachel Isaksson; Teoh, Deanna MD Author Information
Hybrid High‐Resolution Three‐Dimensional Nanofabrication for Metamaterials and Nanoplasmonics (2012)

We propose a novel hybrid fabrication approach that combines direct laser writing with a subsequent electron-beam lithography step. This approach allows realizing out-of-plane plasmonic nanostructures with truly nanoscopic feature sizes. The excellent quality of the obtained structures is evidenced by optical characterization of upright-standing split-ring resonator arrays fabricated along these lines. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.