gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early Ambulation and Length of Stay in Older Adults Hospitalized for Acute Illness (2010)

There are no therapeutic guidelines regarding ambulation for older adults hospitalized for acute illness. 1 The importance of early ambulation to recovery in other patient populations is well established. 2,3For example, time to ambulation after hip fracture surgery is a predictor of complications such as prolonged length of stay (LOS). 4In the present study, we examined the association between ambulation and LOS in geriatric patients admitted for acute illnesses.We hypothesized that increase in ambulation within the 48 hours after admission would predict LOS after adjusting for risk factors. MethodsPatients 65 years or older admitted to an Acute Care for Elders unit were studied.A Step Activity Monitor (SAM) was placed on patients at admission, and participants were instructed to walk as usual.Data were collected over 4 months in 2009.Patients with an orthopedic surgical diagnosis or a contraindication to wearing the SAM (eg, bilateral leg infection or severe edema) were excluded.Patients (N=162) who spent 2 or more days in hospital were included in the analysis.Institutional review board approval was obtained.The SAM is a pager-sized accelerometer attached at the ankle.6][7] Steps were recorded in 1-minute intervals synchronized to a 24-hour clock, resulting in a temporal series of 1440 observations per day.Total steps were summed for each 24-hour day.A step change score was calculated using the difference in step totals between the first and second day.Mean daily steps were calculated using the number of complete days the SAM was worn.Demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained from medical records.
Erratum (2006)

Moroni, Antonio MD; Faldini, Cesare MD; Pegreffi, Francesco MD; Hoang-Kim, Amy BSCH; Giannini, Sandro MD Author Information
Application of a Simple Radial Gel Diffusion Assay for Endo-β-Glucanase Activity in Dietary Enzyme Supplements (1986)

A radial gel diffusion assay for endo-β-glucanase activity was used to evaluate various materials as potential enzyme sources in diets containing detrimental amounts of β-glucan. Activity was detected in malt, two fungal sources (cellulase, pectinase), and two bacterial sources (alpha-amylase, a commercial enzyme supplement) but not in hog pancreatic alpha-amylase. Significant activity was detected throughout the gastrointestinal tract of 4-week-old broilers fed an enzyme supplemented diet. Further, in vitro tests to determine the stability of a bacterial endo-β-glucanase revealed the following effects on enzyme activity: 1) a 58% loss as a result of exposure to pif 1; 2) up to 36% decrease after steam pelleting; and 3) stable after 10-min exposure to a temperature less than 60 C. The results demonstrate the value of the gel diffusion assay in evaluating the endo-β-glucanase activity in dietary enzyme supplements.
Fractionation of Gallotannins from Mango (Mangifera indicaL.) Kernels by High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography and Determination of Their Antibacterial Activity (2009)

High-speed counter-current chromatography was applied to the separation of gallotannins from mango (Mangifera indica L.) kernels. The kernels were defatted and subsequently extracted with aqueous acetone [80% (v/v)]. The crude extract was purified by being partitioned against ethyl acetate. A hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water solvent system [0.5:5:1:5 (v/v/v/v)] was used in the head-to-tail mode to elute tannins according to their degree of galloylation (tetra-O-galloylglucose to deca-O-galloylglucose). The compounds were characterized using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry in the negative ionization mode. Purities ranged from 72% (tetra-O-galloylglucose) to 100% (octa-O-galloylglucose). The iron binding capacity of gallotannins was dependent on the number of galloyl groups in the molecule, with a larger capacity at lower degrees of galloylation. The minimum inhibitory concentration against Bacillus subtilis did not change among the different gallotannins tested and was in the range of 0.05-0.1 g/L in Luria-Bertani broth but up to 20 times higher in media containing more iron and divalent cations.
Imprinted polymers for chiral resolution of (±)-ephedrine. Part 3:NMR predictions and HPLC results with alternative functional monomers (2008)

The monomers trifluoromethacrylic acid (TFMAA), 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) and itaconic acid (IA) have been compared for the molecular imprinting of (-)-ephedrine. Data from NMR titrations were fitted using the program HypNMR to obtain association constants for monomer-template (M-T) complexes of different stoichiometries. These were used to predict the speciation in imprinting mixtures with porogen and cross-linker, and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were fabricated and their ability to bind (-)-ephedrine and its enantiomer were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). TFMAA and IA interact more strongly with ephedrine than does MAA, yet MIPs made with each of these monomers perform worse. With TFMAA, covalent monomer-template adducts and TFMAA oligomers, present in the polymerisation mixture, may detract from the MIP recognition properties. With IA, the relative flexibility of the monomer may be an issue. HEMA interacts more weakly with ephedrine, and HEMA-based MIPs exhibit much worse retention, and poorer recognition, than those based on MAA. It may be useful to use a higher ratio of M : T in the case of HEMA because the monomer interacts with the cross-linker EDMA.
Joint motion estimation and segmentation for very low bit rate video coding (1995)

Motion estimation is a key issue in video coding. In very low bitrate applications, the amount of the side information for the motion field presents an important portion of the total bitrate. This paper presents a joint motion estimation, segmentation and coding technique, which tries to reduce the segmentation and motion side information, while providing a similar or smaller prediction error when compared to more classical motion estimation techniques. The main application in mind is a region based coding approach in which the consecutive frames of the video are divided into regions having similar motion vectors with simple shapes, easy to encode.
Human and simian immunodeficiency viruses deregulate early hematopoiesis through a Nef/PPARγ/STAT5 signaling pathway in macaques (2008)

Infection of primates by HIV-1 and SIV induces multiple hematological abnormalities of central hematopoietic origin. Although these defects greatly contribute to the pathophysiology of HIV-1 infection, the molecular basis for altered BM function remains unknown. Here we show that when cynomolgus macaques were infected with SIV, the multipotent potential of their hematopoietic progenitor cells was lost, and this correlated with downregulation of STAT5A and STAT5B expression. However, forced expression of STAT5B entirely rescued the multipotent potential of the hematopoietic progenitor cells. In addition, an accessory viral protein required for efficient SIV and HIV replication and pathogenicity, "Negative factor" (Nef), was essential for SIV-mediated impairment of the multipotent potential of hematopoietic progenitors ex vivo and in vivo. This newly uncovered property of Nef was both conserved between HIV-1 and SIV strains and entirely dependent upon the presence of PPARgamma in targeted cells. Further, PPARgamma agonists mimicked Nef activity by inhibiting STAT5A and STAT5B expression and hampering the functionality of hematopoietic progenitors both ex vivo and in vivo. These findings have extended the role of Nef in the pathogenicity of HIV-1 and SIV and reveal a pivotal role for the PPARgamma/STAT5 pathway in the regulation of early hematopoiesis. This study may provide a basis for investigating the potential therapeutic benefits of PPARgamma antagonists in both patients with AIDS and individuals with hematopoietic disorders.
Cutting the mouse tail [Infrared Data Association] (2002)

The Infrared Data Association (IrDA) is a direct outgrowth of the desire to cut the apron strings between Personal Computer (PC) devices and the user. There are times when we are as securely attached to the PC as the peripherals we use. Infrared data links allow us to move around and establish links without always plugging something in. Printing while visiting another office, sharing files and other applications are only natural, especially in an age of Handheld PCs and other smarter, useful portable information tools. IrDA members started to look at other needs in the IR application space. A common question was how to get rid of other cables, when it clearly made sense to do so. Also, how about getting rid of the multiple remote controls on the coffee table and developing a single intelligent tool to manage the tasks currently handled by multiple remote controls? There are multifunction remotes on the market, but isn't it possible to combine these with a PDA or Handheld PC and do more? A lot of questions to answer. The net result was a series of meetings to address whether there was sufficient interest to tackle the problem. There was, and after two years of work, a new proposal was forwarded through the IrDA committees for approval. This new proposal is known as IrDA Control, as this technology directly addresses control inputs from peripherals. The current IrDA data specifications are data transfer oriented, such as printing, sending a file, sharing file data and so forth.
Evaluation of Practices to Unwrap Round Cotton Modules (2023)

Adoption of John Deere harvesters with on-board module building capacity that produce round modules covered with a patented engineered polyethylene film has been rapid and has forced gins to adapt their module feeding systems with techniques and machinery to feed round modules into the gin. The system used by a gin is dependent on the number of round modules handled by the gin, cost of implementing the system, and preferences of gin management. Irrespective of the system used, all require well-trained staff to prevent plastic wrap from entering the gin and contaminating lint bales. Modules are fed in different orientations, and the plastic is removed with either manual or semi-automated systems. This work evaluates the well-known unwrapping systems used to handle modules in the U.S. and Australia, which include manual and semi-automated methods. No single system can be recommended, as the needs, layout, and priorities of each gin vary. However, the details of the systems are presented in terms of manpower, time and motion, safety, and potential to prevent module wrap from entering the gin. The data presented here were gathered from numerous on-site visits to gins across the U.S. and Australia.
Erratum: Molecular and cellular signatures underlying superior immunity against Bordetella pertussis upon pulmonary vaccination (2018)

Correction to: Mucosal Immunology advance online publication, 20 September 2017; doi: 10.1038/mi.2017.81 This article was originally published under NPG's License to Publish, but has now been made available under a CC BY 4.0 license. The PDF and HTML versions of the paper have been modified accordingly.
Nitric oxide synthase activity in human gynecological cancer. (1994)

Nitric oxide is generated by the NO synthases, a family of isoenzymes expressed in a wide range of mammalian cells. In the vascular and nervous systems distinct isoforms generate NO to act as a signal transduction mechanism. The isoform induced by cytokines, on the other hand, provides a sustained release of NO which mediates some cytotoxic and cytostatic effects of the immune system. Solid tumors are a heterogeneous population of cell types, including tumor, vascular, and infiltrating immune cells. Studies in vitro show that NO synthase can be present in many of these cells. However, its presence in situ in solid human tumors has not been reported. In this study, we have investigated NO synthase activity and its cellular localization in malignant and nonmalignant human gynecological tissue. Nitric oxide synthase activity was observed in malignant tissue, was highest (> or = 250 pmol/min/g tissue) in poorly differentiated tumors, and was below detectable levels in normal gynecological tissue. Furthermore, investigations with a polyclonal NO synthase antibody revealed immunoreactivity only in malignant tissue. This was associated with NO synthase activity and localized to tumor cells. Thus NO synthase is present in human gynecological tumors, and its presence seems to correlate inversely with the differentiation of the tumor.
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Circumvents Flavonoid Defenses by Catabolizing Flavonol Glycosides and Aglycones (2019)

Flavonols are widely distributed plant metabolites that inhibit microbial growth. Yet many pathogens cause disease in flavonol-containing plant tissues. We investigated how <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>, a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that causes disease in a range of economically important crop species, is able to successfully infect flavonol-rich tissues of Arabidopsis (<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>). Infection of rosette stage Arabidopsis with a virulent <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> strain led to the selective hydrolysis of flavonol glycosidic linkages and the inducible degradation of flavonol aglycones to phloroglucinol carboxylic and phenolic acids. By chemical analysis of fungal biotransformation products and a search of the <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> genome sequence, we identified a quercetin dioxygenase gene (<i>QDO</i>) and characterized the encoded protein, which catalyzed cleavage of the flavonol carbon skeleton. <i>QDO</i> deletion lines degraded flavonols with much lower efficiency and were less pathogenic on Arabidopsis leaves than wild-type <i>S. sclerotiorum</i>, indicating the importance of flavonol degradation in fungal virulence. In the absence of QDO, flavonols exhibited toxicity toward <i>S. sclerotiorum</i>, demonstrating the potential roles of these phenolic compounds in protecting plants against pathogens.
Design and Fabrication of On-Chip Coupled Inductors Integrated With Magnetic Material for Voltage Regulators (2011)

On-chip strip-line coupled inductors integrated with magnetic material are a promising technology option to enable on-chip voltage regulators for improving power management in microelectronics. We report on design methodologies where several examples of parameter tradeoffs are presented. When considered with practical integration constraints, these result in an optimized structure. Strip-line inductors integrated with Ni <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">80</sub> Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">20</sub> were then fabricated, electrically characterized, and compared to models. Electrical characterization included frequency dependent measurements of effective self and mutual inductance, effective resistance, coupling coefficient, and saturation effects.
Prevalence and Phenotypic Distribution of Dyslipidemia in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (2000)

Low HDL-C is the most frequent dyslipidemic disorder in patients with poorly controlled insulin-treated type 1 diabetes, and a high proportion show LDL-C levels requiring intervention. Less favorable lipid profiles could explain the absence of sex protection in diabetic women. The improvement caused by glycemic optimization puts forward intensive therapy as the initial treatment of choice for dyslipidemia in poorly controlled type 1 diabetes.
CD133 Expression Is Not Synonymous to Immunoreactivity for AC133 and Fluctuates throughout the Cell Cycle in Glioma Stem-Like Cells (2015)

A transmembrane protein CD133 has been implicated as a marker of stem-like glioma cells and predictor for therapeutic response in malignant brain tumours. CD133 expression is commonly evaluated by using antibodies specific for the AC133 epitope located in one of the extracellular domains of membrane-bound CD133. There is conflicting evidence regarding the significance of the AC133 epitope as a marker for identifying stem-like glioma cells and predicting the degree of malignancy in glioma cells. The reasons for discrepant results between different studies addressing the role of CD133/AC133 in gliomas are unclear. A possible source for controversies about CD133/AC133 is the widespread assumption that expression patterns of the AC133 epitope reflect linearly those of the CD133 protein. Consequently, the readouts from AC133 assessments are often interpreted in terms of the CD133 protein. The purpose of this study is to determine whether and to what extent do the readouts obtained with anti-AC133 antibody correspond to the level of CD133 protein expressed in stem-like glioma cells. Our study reveals for the first time that CD133 expressed on the surface of glioma cells is poorly immunoreactive for AC133. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the level of CD133 occupancy on the surface of glioma cells fluctuates during the cell cycle. Our results offer a new explanation for numerous inconsistencies regarding the biological and clinical significance of CD133/AC133 in human gliomas and call for caution in interpreting the lack or presence of AC133 epitope in glioma cells.
Practical Quantum Cryptography: A Comprehensive Analysis, 1 (2000)

We perform a comprehensive analysis of practical quantum cryptography (QC) systems implemented in actual physical environments via either free-space or fiber-optic cable quantum channels for ground-ground, ground-satellite, air-satellite and satellite-satellite links. (1) We obtain the complete universal expressions for the effective secrecy capacity and rate for QC systems taking into account the most general attacks on individual quantum bits, including explicit closed-form expressions for the necessary and sufficient amount of privacy amplification. Our analysis also includes the explicit calculation in detail of the total cost in bits of continuous authentication, thereby obtaining new results for actual ciphers of finite length. (2) We perform for the first time a detailed, explicit analysis of all systems losses due to propagation, errors, noise, etc. as appropriate to both optical fiber cable- and satellite communications-based implementations of QC. (3) We calculate for the first time all system load costs associated to classical communication and computational constraints that are ancillary to, but essential for carrying out, the pure QC protocol itself. (4) We introduce an extended family of generalizations of the Bennett-Brassard (BB84) QC protocol that equally provide unconditional secrecy but allow for the possibility of optimizing throughput rates against specific cryptanalytic attacks. (5) We obtain universal predictions for maximal rates that can be achieved with practical system designs under realistic environmental conditions. (6) We propose a specific QC system design that includes the use of a novel method of high-speed photon detection that may be able to achieve very high throughput rates for actual implementations in realistic environments.
The Logvinenko object color atlas in practice (2011)

Abstract Recently, Logvinenko introduced a new object‐color space defining a complete object‐color atlas that is invariant to illumination. 1 However, the existing implementation for calculating the new atlas's color descriptors is computationally expensive and does not work for all types of illuminants. A new algorithm is presented here that efficiently calculates the required color descriptors over large data sets and across a wide variety of illuminants. Its Matlab implementation has been made available online. The algorithm is then used to explore some features and possible applications of Logvinenko's color atlas. In particular, it is applied to images to investigate the perceptual correlates of the color descriptors; it is used to predict how images change under a change of scene illumination; and it is used to evaluate how changes in illumination and sensor sensitivities affect the mapping from the Munsell to NCS color atlases. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2011;
Elicitor-Induced Spruce Stress Lignin (Structural Similarity to Early Developmental Lignins) (1995)

Suspension cultures of Picea abies (L.) Karst released polymeric material into the culture medium when treated with an elicitor preparation from the spruce needle pathogen Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii. The presence of lignin (about 35%, w/w) was demonstrated by phloroglucinol/HCI reactivity and quantitation with thioglycolic acid. Carbohydrate (about 14%, w/w) and protein (about 32%, w/w) were also detected. Amino acid analysis revealed that hydroxyproline and proline predominated. Thioacidolysis and subsequent Raney nickel desulfurization allowed the analysis of lignin-building units and interunit bonds. Compared with spruce wood lignin, an approximately 20-fold higher relative amount of p-hydroxyphenyl units was determined. A high content of p-hydroxyphenyl units is typical for certain developmental lignins, such as conifer compression wood and middle lamella lignins, as well as all induced cell culture lignins so far analyzed. Cross-linkages of the pinoresinol type ([beta]-[beta]) in the excreted cell culture lignin were markedly increased, whereas [beta]-1 interunit linkages were decreased relative to spruce wood lignin. The amount and nature of cross-linkages were shown to be intermediate between those in wood lignin and in enzymatically prepared lignins. In summary, the elicitor-induced stress lignin was excreted as a lignin-extensin complex that closely resembled early developmental lignins.
ESR Experiments on a Single Electron in Silicon Implanted with Phosphorous. (2019)

Abstract not provided.
ПОЗААУДИТОРНА РОБОТА СТУДЕНТА: НЕВИКОРИСТАНИЙ РЕЗЕРВ АБО ДЖЕРЕЛО ДИДАКТИЧНИХ ІННОВАЦІЙ (2018)

Мета роботи – проаналізувати форми і методи самостійної позааудиторної роботи студентів, які використовуються на кафедрі фармакології, для вдосконалення навчального процесу та формування у майбутніх спеціалістів-медиків глибоких знань із фармакології і здатності до самоосвіти та самовдосконалення.&#x0D; Основна частина. У даній статті ми представили організацію самостійної позааудиторної роботи студентів на кафедрі фармакології Вінницького національного медичного університету ім. М. І. Пирогова. Вона ведеться за трьома основними напрямками: навчально-обовʼязковим, навчально-дослідницьким та науково-дослідним і включає в себе традиційні і нетрадиційні види та форми. Найбільш важливою складовою є ініціативна творча активність студентів. Хоча це самостійна робота студента, але вона ведеться при підтримці викладачів, саме тому на кафедрі створені та постійно оновлюються засоби дидактичної підтримки самостійної роботи (методичні рекомендації для підготовки до практичних занять та для самостійної позааудиторної роботи, мультимедійні презентації лекцій, навчальний посібник “Фармакологія. Конспект лекцій”, навчальна аптека, комплекти тестових завдань, фармакотерапевтичних і ситуаційних задач стандартного та нестандартного типу, критерії оцінювання всіх видів самостійної роботи). Такий підхід до організації самостійної позааудиторної роботи студентів дозволяє розвивати у майбутніх лікарів компетентності, необхідні для правильного формування їх професійної культури.&#x0D; Висновок. Самостійна позааудиторна робота студентів як важливий інструмент та найбільш складна форма організації навчального процесу вимагає сучасної матеріально-технічної бази, відповідного теоретичного, психолого-педагогічного та науково-методичного супроводу, постійного пошуку нових результативних форм, методів і засобів навчання.