gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Double‐hit BCL2/MYC translocations in a consecutive cohort of patients with large B‐cell lymphoma – a single centre's experience (2012)

Concurrent BCL2 and MYC translocations, so called double hit (DH), are a rare finding in large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). Based on data from retrospective series, DH has been correlated with aggressive clinical behaviour and poor outcome. We conducted a consecutive study of DH incidence and correlation with pathologic and clinical characteristics, including response to Rituximab-containing chemotherapy and survival, in an unselected cohort of patients with LBCL. Translocations involving BCL2 and MYC loci were examined with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in 157 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) or B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma (BCLU). The incidence of DH was 11% in the total cohort, 7% of primary LBCL and 21% of transformed LBCL. DH lymphomas were all GCB immunophenotype and were more often BCLU. No clinical characteristics were correlated with the presence of DH, which also had no impact on overall response rate (ORR), relapse rate or overall survival (OS). However, sub-stratification of DH lymphomas by FISH indicated a possible inferior survival related to immunoglobulin MYC translocation partner gene. Screening of patients with BCLU and DLBCL of GCB type for DH BCL2/MYC translocation including MYC translocation partner gene may provide important prognostic information.
Quantification of Non-linearities in the Consequential Life Cycle Assessment of the Use Phase of Battery Electric Vehicles (2021)

The diffusion of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) is projected to influence the electricity grid operation, potentially offering opportunities for load-shifting policies aimed at higher integration of renewable energy technologies in the electricity system. Moreover, the examined literature emphasizes electricity as a relevant driver of BEVs Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) results. To evaluate LCA impacts associated to future BEVs diffusion scenarios in Italy, we adopt the Consequential Life Cycle Assessment (CLCA) methodology. LCA conventionally assumes a proportional relation between environmental impact indicators and the functional unit. However, such relation may not be representative if the electricity system is significantly affected by the large-scale diffusion of BEVs. Our study couples the conventional CLCA methodology with the EnergyPLAN model through three different approaches, which progressively include BEV-specific dynamics, to capture correlations between additional BEVs fleets and the electricity grid operation, that affectthe mix of electricity consumed in the use phase by BEVs, in Italy in 2030. Here we show that if renewables capacity is not additionally installed in response to additional BEVs electricity demand, the marginal Climate change total indicator of BEVs may increase up to ~40%, with respect to a business-as-usual scenario. Moreover, we quantitatively support the literature indications on how to properly estimate BEVs LCA impacts. Indeed, we weight electricity LCA impacts on hourly BEV charge profiles, finding that this approach best captures BEVs interdependence with the electricity system. At low BEVs diffusion, this approach clearly shows the potential BEVs capability to increase exploitation of renewable energy, whereas at high BEVs diffusion, it fully highlights potential responses of fossil fuel power plants to additional electricity demand. Due to these dynamics, we find that linearly scaling the business-as-usual scenario results would lead to an underestimation of 12.45 Mton CO 2 -eq of the total impacts of an additional BEVs fleet, under a 100% BEV diffusion scenario. Our methodology could be replicated with different energy system models, or at various geographical scales. Our framework could be coupled with comprehensive assessments of transport systems, to further provide robustness to policymakers by including non-linearities in the mix of electricity consumed during the use phase of BEVs.
IN VITRO RELEASE OF HYDROCORTISONE BY GLYCINE-IMMOBILIZED EVAL MEMBRANE (2005)

A pH-sensitive membrane for colon-specific drug delivery was prepared by glycine-immobilization on poly (ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (Gly-EVAL) that can enhance the permeability of hydrocortisone at pH 7.4 and resist drug permeation at pH 2.0 or in gastric juice. As the results of drug releasing profile, it is proposed that the electrical repulsion occurring between adjacent carboxylate ions at pH 7.4 on Gly-EVAL causes the higher permeation rate of hydrocortisone. Consequently, the hydrocortisone coated by Gly-EVAL can escape from degradation in acid environment and release significantly in neutral or weak basic pH values, which is ideally suitable for local treatment of ulcerative colitis.
A Longitudinal Study of Lexical and Grammar Development in Deaf Italian Children Provided With Early Cochlear Implantation (2013)

From a rehabilitative viewpoint, our results suggest the importance of implementing rehabilitation in lexical comprehension, even when expressive vocabulary appears to be within normal range. Moreover, assessment of language acquisition in CI Italian children should focus on those grammar aspects that are more vulnerable to early acoustic deprivation (such as free and bound morphology) to ensure enhanced language therapy planning.
Design of beam-steerable dual-beam reflectarray (2017)

A novel beam-steerable dual-beam reflectarray antenna system is presented. It consists of hexagonal-shaped unit cells (UCs) arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure. Each UC is formed by a conductor-backed strip dipole loaded with a varactor diode for adaptively adjusting its reflection phase. To find the compensation phases for the UCs, a simple optimization algorithm is proposed and integrated with ideal reflectarray analysis. Each row of the reflectarray is considered as a linear subarray and optimized independently. In each subarray, the even and odd numbers of UCs are designated respectively for the two targeted beams, and optimized separately. For verification, some promising results acquired using the proposed algorithm and reflectarray structure are presented.
Rétine silicium pour la détection/localisation d'éclats lasers (2002)

Dans beaucoup d'applications telles que la detection d'obstacle pour les vehicules intelligents, le guidage, la navigation e. T. C, on utilise des retines electroniques pour detecter une source laser. L'un des principaux problemes que l'on rencontre dans ce type d'application est la perturbation de la detection par les variations du fond lumineux ambiant. Ce type de retine est donc souvent difficilement utilisable en exterieure. Dans cette these, nous avons propose une retine silicium capable de detecter et de localiser une source laser dans un environnement de type rural. Nous avons choisi un signal d'entree de type pulse etroit pour pouvoir le detecter par filtrage temporel passe haut. Nous avons ainsi concu un photodetecteur constitue d'un amplificateur rapide de type source commune cascode reboucle par une contre reaction selective assuree par deux transistors utilises en regime de faible inversion pour n'amplifier que les signaux haute frequence. Cette cellule analogique a ete optimisee dans le contexte du guidage de missile par laser infrarouge. Le photodetecteur optimise a ete realise dans un procede CMOS 0. 8 mM (m - mu(grec), M - m) a caisson N et les resultats de mesure ont montre qu'il etait capable de detecter un pulse infrarouge (lamda=1. 06 mM) de 0. 1 mWx20ns dans un fond ambiant dont la puissance pouvait varier d'un facteur 1 a 10^4. Nous avons ensuite concu le pixel complet: il est constitue du photodetecteur teste, d'un filtre passe haut faible consommation, d'un comparateur, d'un latch, et d'un circuit de selection. Nous avons implante un circuit prototype contenant une petite retine (2x2). Finalement, chaque pixel est capable de detecter un pulse infrarouge de 1mWx20ns. Chaque cellule du pixel a ete testee et les resultats des tests ont ete discutes en vue d'ameliorer la sensibilite du pixel. La sensibilite de la retine est degradee par le bruit spatial fixe, mais nous avons conclu que nous pourrions l'augmenter en affinant le dessin des masques.
Non‐O157 Shiga Toxin–ProducingEscherichia coliInfections in the United States, 1983–2002 (2005)

Non-O157 STEC can cause severe illness that is comparable to the illness caused by STEC O157. Strains that produce Shiga toxin 2 are much more likely to cause HUS than are those that produce Shiga toxin 1 alone. Improving surveillance will more fully elucidate the incidence and pathological spectrum of these emerging agents. These efforts require increased clinical suspicion, improved clinical laboratory isolation, and continued serotyping of isolates in public health laboratories.
Central impurity convection and its connection to MHD activity in ASDEX Upgrade (2011)

Introduction Central electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECH) is routinely used in H-mode discharges at ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) to avoid tungsten accumulation in the plasma centre, but the underlying physics mechanisms responsible for this are still not clear. The turbulent theories which predict the rise of an outward impurity convection in the plasma centre in the presence ECH [1] require a nested flux surface geometry and are not applicable inside the q = 1 surface where strong MHD activity is usually present. Moreover, a relationship between central ECH and mitigation of impurity accumulation with a change in characteristics of the (m,n) = (1,1) sawtooth precursor has been previously reported [2, 3]. Mode-ion interaction could lead to an expulsion of impurities from inside the q = 1 surface (e.g. through polarization drift). Such processes depend strongly on the mode frequency in the plasma frame ω = ωmode−ωrot (where ωmode and ωrot are the mode and plasma toroidal rotation frequencies in the laboratory frame) so precise toroidal rotation measurements from charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (CXRS) are required. Recent discharges have shown discrepancies of up to 20% in ωrot evaluated by the CHR system with respect to the recently upgraded CER diagnostic. Since only CHR was available for the considered cases, such a discrepancy would lead to a 100% error in the evaluation of ω . For this reason, analysis of mode-tungsten interaction is not reported. A characterization of typical sawtooth (ST) cycles in the absence/presence of central ECH is given and a proof of principle of a simple method to evaluate intrinsic tungsten density inside the plasma core through the combined use of CXRS and soft X-ray diode (SXR) measurements is explained. Experimental Results Three typical ST cycles are analysed from two discharges with Ip = 1 MA, Bt = 2.5 T, q95 = 4.6 and central line averaged density ne ∼ 8 ·1019 m−3. Figure 1 shows the spectrograms of the most
Dark energy and substructure effects on the large-scale structure (2005)

I consider in detail how the large-scale structure of the universe can provide information about two topics of current interest in cosmology: the nature of dark energy and the abundance of substructure in dark matter halos. Baryonic oscillations in the galaxy power spectrum have been studied as a way of probing dark energy models. While most studies have focused on spectroscopic surveys at high redshift, large multicolor imaging surveys have already been planned for the near future. In view of this, I consider the prospects for measuring baryonic oscillations from angular statistics of galaxies binned using photometric redshifts. I use the galaxy bispectrum in addition to the power spectrum; this allows one to measure and marginalize over possibly complex galaxy bias mechanisms to get robust cosmological constraints. I find that a multicolor imaging survey that probes redshifts beyond unity can give interesting constraints on dark energy parameters. In addition, the shape of the primordial power spectrum can be measured to better accuracy than with the cosmic microwave background alone. In the second example I consider the effects of halo substructure on large-scale structure statistics. The effects on the power spectrum and bispectrum are studied on the smallest scales accessible from future surveys. We compare halo model predictions with results based on N-body simulations, but also extend our predictions to 10 kpc scales which will be probed by future simulations. We find that weak-lensing surveys proposed for the coming decade can probe the power spectrum on small enough scales to detect substructure in massive haloes. We discuss the prospects of constraining the mass fraction in substructure in view of partial degeneracies with parameters such as the tilt and running of the primordial power spectrum.
In vitro antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity of Strychnos mostuosoides (Loganiaceae), Avicennia marina (Avicenniaceae) and Urophyllum lyallii (Rubiacea) (1991)

Analysis of an electrophoretic variant coded by the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-2 (GAPD2) locus of the platyfish (Xiphophorus maculatus) revealed that the variant allele produced a defective subunit. As a homotetramer (from tissue extracts of homozygotes), the variant enzyme had only 12% the activity of homotetramers specified by the normal allele. In heterozygotes the defective subunits aggregated with the normal subunits to produce hybrid tetramers in the amounts expected for equal production of the two subunits by the two alleles but with the activity reduction expected according to the subunit composition. The total activities of muscle extracts in heterozygotes were reduced to about 55% of normal, consistent with that expected if neither compensatory synthesis of allelic products of the GAPD2 locus nor the GAPD1 locus took place. This result implies that regulation of the production of this enzyme is constitutive (produced at maximal rate) or depends on a mechanism which does not recognize the functional activity of the gene products. The absence of detectable segregation distortion suggests that the variant had no significant effect on viability, and thus may be selectively neutral, though producing in several tissues an activity deficiency of 88% in homozygotes.
Modification of a novel angiogenic peptide, AG30, for the development of novel therapeutic agents (2011)

We previously identified a novel angiogenic peptide, AG30, with antibacterial effects that could serve as a foundation molecule for the design of wound-healing drugs. Toward clinical application, in this study we have developed a modified version of the AG30 peptide characterized by improved antibacterial and angiogenic action, thus establishing a lead compound for a feasibility study. Because AG30 has an α-helix structure with a number of hydrophobic and cationic amino acids, we designed a modified AG30 peptide by replacing several of the amino acids. The replacement of cationic amino acids (yielding a new molecule, AG30/5C), but not hydrophobic amino acids, increased both the angiogenic and the antimicrobial properties of the peptide. AG30/5C was also effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In a diabetic mouse wound-healing model, the topical application of AG30/5C accelerated wound healing with increased angiogenesis and attenuated MRSA infection. To facilitate the eventual clinical investigation/application of these compounds, we developed a large-scale procedure for the synthesis of AG30/5C that employed the conventional solution method and met Good Manufacturing Practice guidelines. In the evaluation of stability of this peptide in saline solution, RP-HPLC analysis revealed that AG30/5C was fairly stable under 5°C for 12 months. Therefore, we propose the use of AG30/5C as a wound-healing drug with antibacterial and angiogenic actions.
Synergistic strengthening effect of nanocrystalline copper reinforced with carbon nanotubes (2016)

In this study, a novel multi-walled carbon nanotubes reinforced nanocrystalline copper matrix composite with super high strength and moderate plasticity was synthesized. We successfully overcome the agglomeration problem of the carbon nanotubes and the grain growth problem of the nanocrystalline copper matrix by combined use of the electroless deposition and spark plasma sintering methods. The yield strength of the composite reach up to 692 MPa, which is increased by 2 and 5 times comparing with those of the nanocrystalline and coarse copper, respectively. Simultaneously, the plasticity of the composite was also significantly increased in contrast with that of the nanocrystalline copper. The increase of the density of the carbon nanotubes after coating, the isolation effect caused by the copper coating, and the improvement of the compatibility between the reinforcements and matrix as well as the effective control of the grain growth of the copper matrix all contribute to improving the mechanical properties of the composite. In addition, a new strengthening mechanism, i.e., the series-connection effect of the nanocrystalline copper grains introduced by carbon nanotubes, is proposed to further explain the mechanical behavior of the nanocomposite.
Molecular Cloning and Analysis of a Novel Pectate Lyase Gene Hg-pel-5 from Soybean Cyst Nematode (2012)

【Objective】The objective of this study is to clone and analyze the pectate lyase genes from soybean cyst nematode(Heterodera glycines),understand the parasitism and pathogenicity of plant parasitic nematodes,and to develop new control strategies for soybean cyst nematode.【Method】A noval pectate lyase gene Hg-pel-5 was cloned from H.glycines by EST analysis and RACE.The tissue localization and developmental expression of pectate lyase were analysed at different life stages of H.glycines by in situ mRNA hybridization and RT-PCR amplification,and the copy number of the gene was identified by Southern blot.【Result】 A novel parasitism gene encoding pectate lyase,named Hg-pel-5,was cloned from H.glycines.The full length cDNA of Hg-pel-5 consists of 957 bp,with a 681 bp ORF encoding a 227 amino acid residues.The structure of Hg-pel-5 genomic DNA includes 2 extons and 1 intron.The predicted protein includes a signal peptide of 20 amino acids on the N-terminal and 4 conserved regions characteristic of class Ⅲ pectate lyases of microbes.In situ mRNA hybridization analyses showed that the transcripts of Hg-pel-5 was expressed in subventral oesophageal gland cells of H.glycines.RT-PCR analysis confirmed that Hg-pel-5 transcriptions were mainly expressed at the pre-parasitic and early parasitic second-stage juveniles.Southern blotting confirmed that Hg-pel-5 was of nematode origin and a member of a small multigene family.【Conclusion】 A novel pectate lyase gene was cloned and analyzed from H.glycines,and these results imply that the Hg-pel-5 might play an important role during the early stages of plant parasitism.
Mixture IRT model for detecting aberrant responses under low-stake testing (2018)

Item Response Theory (IRT) aids with the analysis of test items and item response patterns. One concern with test assessment is aberrant response. Aberrant responses are caused by several factors, for example, a participant’s low level of motivation or their concern with the time limit for a high stakes test. These factors can yield biased estimates for IRT models that may invalidate inferences associated with research results. Mixture IRT models have been proposed and applied for detecting aberrant responses such as random guessing, performance decline in a low-stake test, or an extreme response style in a self-report survey. This study used a mixture Rasch model on an empirical data set to search for two latent classes defined as groups: valid responders or random responders. The effects of random responses on the estimation of model parameters was investigated as well as the effects of an educational intervention. In summary, only a small portion of random responders was detected. Consequently, they had a relatively weak effect on the estimation of model parameters and the efficacy of an educational intervention.문항반응이론(IRT) 모형은 검사 문항 및 검사 문항에 대한 반응유형 분석 등에 사용된다. 피험자의 문항반응은 검사에서 측정하고자 잠재특성 외 다른 요인들에 의해 영향 받으며 이로 인하여 비정상적인 문항반응이 발생하기도 한다. 예를 들어, 피험자가 검사에 흥미를 가지지 못한 경우 문항에 성실히 응답하지 않을 수 있으며, 고부담 검사에 참여한 피험자가 제한된 시간에 대한 불안으로 비정상적인 문항반응을 보일 수 있다. 비정상적인 문항반응은 문항반응이론 모형의 편파적인 모수 추정을 야기할 수 있으며, 이로 인해 왜곡된 연구 결과가 도출 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 혼합 문항반응이론(mixture IRT) 모형을 적용하여 비정상적인 문항반응을 추출하고, 추출된 비정상적인 문항반응이 문항반응이론 모형의 모수 추정에 미치는 영향을 탐색하였다. 아울러 교육적 처치의 효과 분석에 비정상적인 문항반응이 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 추출된 비정상적인 문항반응의 비율은 비교적 낮았으며, 이들이 교육적 처치 효과 분석에 미치는 영향 또한 크지 않았다.
Conversion of a Dehalogenase into a Nitroreductase by Swapping its Flavin Cofactor with a 5‐Deazaflavin Analogue (2017)

Natural and engineered nitroreductases have rarely supported full reduction of nitroaromatics to their amine products, and more typically, transformations are limited to formation of the hydroxylamine intermediates. Efficient use of these enzymes also requires a regenerating system for NAD(P)H to avoid the costs associated with this natural reductant. Iodotyrosine deiodinase is a member of the same structural superfamily as many nitroreductases but does not directly consume reducing equivalents from NAD(P)H, nor demonstrate nitroreductase activity. However, exchange of its flavin cofactor with a 5-deazaflavin analogue dramatically suppresses its native deiodinase activity and leads to significant nitroreductase activity that supports full reduction to an amine product in the presence of the convenient and inexpensive NaBH<sub>4</sub> .
Meat Protein Degradation by Tissue and Lactic Acid Bacteria Enzymes (2003)

During the fermentation and ripening of dry fermented sausage, a large number of biological reactions occur in the sausage mince. Proteolysis is considered to be one of the major processes involved in texture and flavor development. Moreover, small peptides and free amino acids, thus originated, are essential constituents of the nonvolatile compounds with flavor properties (). Free amino acids are also the origin of other aroma volatile compounds that are involved in further enzymatic and chemical reactions (,). This is the result of the proteolytic activity of both endogenous and microbial enzymes. In recent years, the proteolytic system of lactobacilli involved in meat fermentation is becoming the focus of an increasing number of studies because of the technological roles of these organisms (, , ). The study of the enzymology of dry fermented sausages is quite complex because of the coexistence of endogenous and microbial enzymes, which prevent the determination of the independent contribution of each enzymatic system in the whole proteolytic event. For this reason, it was necesary to establish aseptic conditions to evaluate the real function of endogenous enzymes and lactic acid bacteria (LAB).
Loop-Free Link Stability Metrics for Proactive Routing in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks (2009)

To improve communication quality in wireless ad hoc networks, it is definitely important to select stable links as communication paths. To this end, various mobility metrics are presented in the literature. However, the routing loop problem, which is inevitably involved in link-state proactive routing scheme, has not been discussed well. In this paper, we propose a simple dynamic metrics in respect of link stability, which is loop-free throughout dynamic metric transition. Through a theoretical analysis of loop-freeness, we present our new strategy to achieve loop-freeness with sufficiently low cost for ad hoc networks.