gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lack of a Clinically Significant Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Fenofibrate and Pravastatin in Healthy Volunteers (2000)

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential pharmacokinetic interaction between fenofibrate and pravastatin. A total of 23 healthy adult volunteers received single-dose 201 mg fenofibrate alone, 201 mg fenofibrate + 40 mg pravastatin, and 40 mg pravastatin alone in a three-period crossover experiment. Plasma samples were collected at predetermined times and were analyzed with validated methods for the quantitation of fenofibric acid, pravastatin, and 3 alpha-hydroxy-isopravastatin (3 alpha-iso-PV). Pharmacokinetic parameters of these three compounds were calculated using noncompartmental methods and compared by analyses of variance and bioavailability assessments. Concomitant administration of fenofibrate and pravastatin did not affect the pharmacokinetics of either fenofibric acid or pravastatin. However, the AUC0-infinity and Cmax of 3 alpha-iso-PV were increased by 26% and 29%, respectively. The moderate increase in the formation of this pravastatin metabolite should not raise any clinical concerns due to its much lower pharmacological potency compared to pravastatin and lack of toxicity.
Less frequent follow‐up in routine care than in trials does not impact resistance selection in patients failing DRV/r or ATV/r first line treatment (2014)

Among 1,518 patients in routine care who started their first line treatment with DRV/r or ATV/r, very few of them (1.4%) selected resistance mutations at failure with three patients selecting an ATV resistant virus. None of them became resistant to DRV. The less frequent follow-up of patients in routine care compared to clinical trials does not impact the resistance selection rate in patients treated by boosted DRV or ATV based regimen.
Exceptional algebraic properties of the three quadratic irrationalities observed in quasicrystals (2001)

There are only three irrationalities directly related to experimentally observed quasicrystals, namely, those which appear in extensions of rational numbers by Ö5, Ö2, Ö3. In this article, we demonstrate that the algebraically defined aperiodic point sets with precisely these three irrational numbers play an exceptional role. The exceptional role stems from the possibility of equivalent characterization of these point sets using one binary operation. PACS Nos.: 61.90+d, 61.50-f
An inverted index for mass spectra similarity query and comparison with a metric-space method (2010)

Query performance is a determining factor in the adoption of an indexing method for similarity query. Metric space indexing methods take great pride in their general applicability. However, it is usually hard for a general method to perform well for every domain. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the performance of metric-space methods, comparing with domain specific methods, on a particular domain. This paper describes such an investigation for proteomic mass spectra. An inverted index method that exploits the sparsity of mass spectra binary format data and acts as a coarse filter before fine ranking is proposed and empirically compared with an existing metric-space indexing method. Results show that the inverted index method yields greater search efficiency and outperforms the metric-space method in query speed and index size.
Asymmetric Synthesis of (R)-Limonene and (S)-Cembrene-A by an Intramolecular Cyclization Reaction Using a Chiral Leaving Group (2001)

A six-membered monocyclic terpene, (R)-limonene, and a 14-membered monocyclic diterpene, (S)-cembrene-A, have been synthesized, respectively, by new enantioselective intramolecular cyclization reactions of neryl ether and (all-E)-geranylgeranyl ether using an (R)-1,1'-binaphthyl-2-benzoxy-2'-oxy auxiliary as a chiral leaving group in the presence of tin(IV) chloride.
Organization and nucleotide sequence of nuclear 5S rRNA genes in yellow lupin (Lupinus lutens) (1982)

Genomic blots of yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) DNA digested with restriction nucleases and probed with 32P-labelled Lupinus 5S RNA reveal that 5S DNA is organized as tandemly repeated sequences of one size class, 342 bp. The DNA is extensively methylated. Two cloned BamHI ribosomal repeats were sequenced, revealing sequence divergence within both the coding and spacer regions.
Growth and Development in Term Infants Fed Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Double-Masked, Randomized, Parallel, Prospective, Multivariate Study (2001)

These findings do not support adding AA+DHA to formulas containing 10% energy as linoleic acid and 1% energy as alpha-linolenic acid to enhance growth, visual acuity, information processing, general development, language, or temperament in healthy, term infants during the first 14 months after birth.infant development, breast feeding, infant formula, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid.
Off-Target Injury to Southern Landscape Species Following Aminocyclopyrachlor Applications (2013)

Aminocyclopyrachlor is an herbicide for broadleaf weed control that has recently come under scrutiny following reports of injury to landscape ornamentals across the upper Midwestern United States. This herbicide has been shown to provide excellent weed control in warm-season turfgrasses at much lower use rates than that used for cool-season turf, but data are lacking concerning its safety to landscape ornamentals in southern U.S. regions. Parallel studies were conducted in Dallas and Huntsville, TX, locations to evaluate off-target injury effects on sixteen ornamentals and trees commonly used in southern landscapes. In March 2012, just prior to the spring growth flush, aminocyclopyrachlor was applied to potted plants at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, or 4× rates as either as granular [0, 14, 28, 56, or 112 g ai·ha −1 (0.013, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.10 lbs ai·A −1 )] or liquid [0, 11.2, 22.4, 44.8, or 89.6 g ai·ha −1 (0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08 lbs ai·A −1 )] formulations. For the next 8 weeks, plants were evaluated for injury to new growth. Injury was observed in 9 of the 16 species used, but was generally mild to moderate in nature. Species exhibiting the greatest sensitivity to aminocyclopyrachlor included loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda ), viburnum ( Viburnum odoratissimum ), nandina ( Nandina domestica ‘Compacta’), and camellia ( Camellia japonica ). Extent of injury was not different between granular or liquid formulations, but was less severe at the Dallas location. Results of the study indicate sensitivity within some southern landscape ornamentals to aminocyclopyrachlor.
Spontaneously formed nanostructures on titanium surfaces (2012)

Acid etching in conjunction with storage in aqueous solution is responsible for the reorganization of the outermost titanium oxide layer into well defined nanostructures.
Perioperative issues due to long-standing lung collapse during repair of a large ascending aortic aneurysm (2008)

Acute lung collapse during open-heart surgery may potentially lead to problems such as inadequate gas exchange, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, increased afterload to the right ventricle, and difficulty in weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Therefore, expansion of the lungs is ensured prior to separation from CPB. We report the inability to manually expand a chronically collapsed lung during the repair of ascending aortic aneurysm. The collapsed lung did not pose difficulty in separation from CPB and in blood gas management during the perioperative period. We discuss perioperative management issues in such situations.
Blending practice and research: a potent catalyst for progress. (2003)

As this issue of Science & Practice Perspectives goes to press, NIDA’s third “Blending Clinical Practice and Research”conference is about to begin in Denver. Hundreds of producers of recovery and creators of new knowledge on drug abuse are gathering to share and combine their expertise in plenary sessions, topic discussions, and skills-building workshops on a wide range of critically important topics.

“Blending” is NIDA’s short name for some of its most important work. By blending, we mean the integrated research-practice partnership so necessary to achieve our full potential to relieve the suffering and waste of human life caused by drug abuse and addiction. In “Blending” meetings, researchers, clinicians, other care providers, social workers, criminal justice officers, and community leaders bring their observations, insights, viewpoints, and priorities collectively to bear in advancing our understanding of drug abuse and addiction and our ability to treat and prevent it. Experience has shown that these collegial discussions are a potent catalyst for progress.

NIDA initiatives that focus directly on facilitating and improving research-practice dialogue take many forms. The fullest expression of blending in action is the Clinical Trials Network. In this nationwide consortium, researchers and providers work together to set research priorities and plan studies specifically to resolve issues that community treatment and prevention programs identify as top-priority. They conduct the studies together in community settings, ensuring that the results are readily adaptable for rapid implementation in a variety of treatment settings.

Science & Practice Perspectives brings the robust research-practice exchanges that are the essence of blending to the page (and the Web), and to research centers and treatment programs nationwide and around the world. We hope S&PP will stimulate and inspire you, and that you too join in the growing research-practice dialogue. Only in this way can we realize the full power of rapidly advancing science and current clinical experience to improve the health and well-being of everyone affected by substance abuse.
Numerical modeling of a buried directional seismic source (2004)

This study investigates the feasibility of a buried directional seismic source for purpose of monitoring or foothills imaging. A numerical model is presented, which aims at determine the elastic wave field radiated by a theoretical directional source embedded in a layered half space.
Safety and Efficacy of Micro-focused Ultrasound Plus Visualization for the Treatment of Axillary Hyperhidrosis. (2014)

Micro-focused ultrasound plus visualization appears to be safe, effective, well-tolerated, and a long-lasting means for treating axillary hyperhidrosis.
Regulation of Gene Expression by the Tumor Promoter 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol -13-Acetate (2020)

This chapter summarizes recent work on mammalian genes whose expression is enhanced in at least some cell types at the transcriptional level by 12-0 tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), presumably but not necessarily via the activation of protein kinase C (PKC). In 1982 Nishizuka's laboratory reported that the receptor for the tumor promoter TPA was protein kinase C. Protein kinase C is a phospholipid- and calcium-dependent protein kinase that phosphorylates serine and threonine residues in substrate proteins. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolic pathway leading to the production of polyamines, which are important in nucleic acid metabolism and deoxyribonucleic acid replication. TPA-induced transcription of some genes (e.g., ODC, many of the secreted proteins) requires prior protein synthesis, whereas expression of other genes usually occurs independently of protein synthesis very soon after exposure to TPA; in fact some of them are superinduced.
Partially Prestressed Beams under Random‐Amplitude Fatigue Loading (1991)

The main objective of this investigation is to evaluate the behavior of partially prestressed concrete beams subjected to random‐amplitude fatigue loading and to better understand the parameters that control their fatigue life. The experimental portion of the program described here includes the testing of six control beams tested to failure under monotonically increasing load, and 10 beams tested in fatigue. The peak load in the fatigue tests was selected to simulate the frequency distribution of truck loadings on bridges. Test measurements included deflections, crack widths, curvatures, and strains in the reinforcing and prestressing steels, as well as the increases of these measures during cyclic loading to failure. It was found that random‐amplitude fatigue loading is more severe than constant‐amplitude fatigue loading and that the combination of stress range in the prestressing steel and crack width range in the concrete may be particularly damaging in fatigue. It is also observed that shear failure under random‐amplitude fatigue loading may need further investigation.
Ethics consultation process (2012)

Outline the steps necessary for any ethics consultation to be considered adequate, fair, and complete. (mnemonic: “Gino’s Dice”)
Coherent, super-resolved radar beamforming using self-supervised learning (2021)

High-resolution automotive radar sensors are required to meet the high bar of autonomous vehicle needs and regulations. However, current radar systems are limited in their angular resolution, causing a technological gap. An industry and academic trend to improve angular resolution by increasing the number of physical channels also increases system complexity, requires sensitive calibration processes, lowers robustness to hardware malfunctions, and drives higher costs. We offer an alternative approach, named Radar signal Reconstruction using Self Supervision (R2S2), which substantially improves the angular resolution of a given radar array without increasing the number of physical channels. R2S2 is a family of algorithms that use a deep neural network (DNN) with complex range-Doppler radar data as input and trained in a self-supervised method using a loss function that operates in multiple data representation spaces. Improvement of 4× in angular resolution was demonstrated using a real-world dataset collected in urban and highway environments during clear and rainy weather conditions.
Liquid chromatography/nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry identification of novel metabolites of the multidrug resistance modulator LY335979 in rat bile and human liver microsomal incubations. (1998)

Compound LY335979 is a P-glycoprotein inhibitor currently entering phase I clinical trials for potential reversal of multidrug resistance to cancer chemotherapy. In early exploratory studies, LY335979 was found to be rapidly transformed in incubations with liver microsomes from rats, dogs, monkeys, and humans. Although the parent compound was completely metabolized, no prominent metabolite peaks were observed. One peak did appear early in the time course, but it did not increase over time. In another preliminary experiment, rats were treated iv with [3H]LY335979 (prepared for pharmacology studies), and urine and bile fractions were collected. Analysis of the urine by reverse-phase HPLC with UV and radioactivity detection revealed that almost all of the material eluted with the solvent front. More than half the radioactivity in bile was accounted for by two peaks eluting earlier than the parent compound (the rest eluted at the solvent front). With both bile and the incubations with microsomes, initial attempts to isolate metabolites were not successful. There was also evidence in both systems of products derived from cleavage of LY335979 (by both further metabolism and degradation). LC/NMR was thus used to analyze materials directly in their respective matrices. An N-oxide metabolite (LY389551) formed by oxidation of the quinoline nitrogen was identified in the microsomal incubations; in bile, three glucuronide metabolites were identified, all of which were conjugates of products formed by oxidation of the quinoline ring of LY335979. There have been few reports in the literature of LC/NMR analysis of bile, which is a more complex matrix than either urine or microsomal suspensions. However, the HPLC techniques developed in this work for the HPLC/UV and LC/MS analyses of LY335979 metabolites in the microsomal matrix and in bile proved readily adaptable for LC/NMR. Using a 500-MHz instrument, basic 1H NMR spectra could be obtained in 2-3 hr with approximately 100 ng of material in the LC/NMR microprobe. With approximately 1.5 microg of material injected onto the column, 1H-1H correlation spectroscopy spectra could be acquired overnight. Along with LC/MS data, the LC/NMR technique facilitated direct identification of a number of metabolites of LY335979 at a point at which their identification by traditional methods would not have been pursued.
Hypoxia Differentially Modulates the Genomic Stability of Clinical-Grade ADSCs and BM-MSCs in Long-Term Culture (2015)

Long-term cultures under hypoxic conditions have been demonstrated to maintain the phenotype of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and to prevent the emergence of senescence. According to several studies, hypoxia has frequently been reported to drive genomic instability in cancer cells and in MSCs by hindering the DNA damage response and DNA repair. Thus, we evaluated the occurrence of DNA damage and repair events during the ex vivo expansion of clinical-grade adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) and bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs cultured with platelet lysate under 21% (normoxia) or 1% (hypoxia) O2 conditions. Hypoxia did not impair cell survival after DNA damage, regardless of MSC origin. However, ADSCs, unlike BM-MSCs, displayed altered γH2AX signaling and increased ubiquitylated γH2AX levels under hypoxic conditions, indicating an impaired resolution of DNA damage-induced foci. Moreover, hypoxia specifically promoted BM-MSC DNA integrity, with increased Ku80, TP53BP1, BRCA1, and RAD51 expression levels and more efficient nonhomologous end joining and homologous recombination repair. We further observed that hypoxia favored mtDNA stability and maintenance of differentiation potential after genotoxic stress. We conclude that long-term cultures under 1% O2 were more suitable for BM-MSCs as suggested by improved genomic stability compared with ADSCs.
Two-tier manipulation of holographic information (2022)

Here we demonstrate the two-tier manipulation of holographic information using frequency-selective metasurfaces. Our results show that these devices can diffract light efficiently at designed frequency and environmental conditions. By changing the frequency and refractive index of the surrounding environment, the metasurfaces produce two different holographic images. We anticipate that these environmental dependent, frequency-selective metasurfaces will have practical applications in holographic encryption and sensing.
Risk of Permanent Hypoparathyroidism Requiring Calcitriol Therapy in a Population-Based Cohort of Adults Older Than 65 Undergoing Total Thyroidectomy for Graves' Disease (2022)

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> Total thyroidectomy for Graves' disease (GD) is associated with rapid treatment of hyperthyroidism and low recurrence rates. However, it carries the risk of surgical complications including permanent hypoparathyroidism, which contributes to long-term impaired quality of life. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of permanent hypoparathyroidism requiring calcitriol therapy among a population-based cohort of older adults undergoing total thyroidectomy for GD in the United States. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed a population-based cohort study using 100% Medicare claims from beneficiaries older than 65 years with GD who underwent total thyroidectomy from 2007 to 2017. We required continuous enrollment in Medicare Parts A, B, and D for 12 months before and after surgery to ensure access to comprehensive claims data. Patients were excluded if they had a preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer or were on long-term preoperative calcitriol. Our primary outcome was permanent hypoparathyroidism, which was identified based on persistent use of calcitriol between 6 and 12 months following thyroidectomy. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify characteristics associated with permanent hypoparathyroidism, including patient age, sex, race/ethnicity, neighborhood disadvantage, Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index, urban or rural residence, and frailty. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We identified 4650 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for GD during the study period and met the inclusion criteria (mean age = 72.8 years [standard deviation = 5.5], 86% female, and 79% white). Among this surgical cohort, 104 (2.2% [95% confidence interval, CI = 1.8-2.7%]) patients developed permanent hypoparathyroidism requiring calcitriol therapy. Patients who developed permanent hypoparathyroidism were on average older (mean age 74.1 vs. 72.8 years) than those who did not develop permanent hypoparathyroidism (<i>p</i> = 0.04). On multivariable regression, older age was the only patient characteristic associated with permanent hypoparathyroidism (odds ratio age ≥76 years = 1.68 [CI = 1.13-2.51] compared with age 66-75 years). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The risk of permanent hypoparathyroidism requiring calcitriol therapy among this national, U.S. population-based cohort of older adults with GD treated with total thyroidectomy was low, even when considering operations performed by a heterogeneous group of surgeons. These findings suggest that the risk of hypoparathyroidism should not be a deterrent to operative management for GD in older adults who are appropriate surgical candidates.
Screening pigs for xenotransplantation: prevalence and expression of porcine endogenous retroviruses in Göttingen minipigs (2013)

The Göttingen minipigs are well defined concerning their physiologic parameters, their health status, and their genetics, and therefore, they may be considered as donor animals for at least cell xenotransplantation. When the prevalence and the expression of PERVs were analyzed in these animals, it was demonstrated that although PERV-A, -B, and -C proviruses were found in all animals, their expression was low. Additional investigations are required to assess the suitability of Göttingen minipigs and other animals for xenotransplantation in terms of microbiological safety.
High-Precision Tracking with Non-blinking Quantum Dots Resolves Nanoscale Vertical Displacement (2012)

Novel non-blinking quantum dots (NBQDs) were utilized in three-dimensional super-localization, high-precision tracking applications under an automated scanning-angle total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (SA-TIRFM). NBQDs were randomly attached to stationary microtubules along the radial axis under gliding assay conditions. By automatically scanning through a wide range of incident angles with different evanescent-field layer thicknesses, the fluorescence intensity decay curves were obtained. Fit with theoretical decay functions, the absolute vertical positions were determined with sub-10-nm localization precision. The emission intensity profile of the NBQDs attached to kinesin-propelled microtubules was used to resolve the self-rotation of gliding microtubules within a small vertical distance of ~50 nm. We demonstrate the applicability of NBQDs in high-precision fluorescence imaging experiments.