gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fracture Stress Data for SiC Layers in the TRISO-Coated Fuel Particles (2008)

A crush testing method for hemispherical shell specimens was developed based on the result of finite element (FE) analysis on stress distribution, and was applied to the evaluation of fracture strength for the chemical vapor deposited (CVD) SiC layers of tri-isotropic (TRISO) fuel particles. This report presents descriptions on the testing and evaluation procedures, SiC fracture data, and Weibull statistics parameters. In the mechanical testing, hemispherical shell specimens of SiC layers removed from TRISO particles were diametrically loaded between a bottom base and a plunger with brass foil at its end. The fracture in the shells always initiates at the inner surface below the loading contact at the convex (outer) surface. Producing a highly uniform stress distribution under the loading contact area is necessary to accurately evaluate the fracture stress from the measured fracture load data by using an analytical solution. Finite element analysis confirms that a relatively soft metal (brass foil) inserted between the specimen’s convex surface and plunger tip produced a highly uniform stress distribution under the contact area. Some conventional crust test methods without defining effective volume or area cause difficulties in interpretation of fracture strength data because a strong size effect exists in the fracture test results from miniature specimens. In this study a major improvement was made by using a simple experimental method to obtain the effective area.
Prediction of the Mortality Risk in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients using Machine Learning Models: A Nation-wide Prospective Cohort in Korea (2020)

Herein, we aim to assess mortality risk prediction in peritoneal dialysis patients using machine-learning algorithms for proper prognosis prediction. A total of 1,730 peritoneal dialysis patients in the CRC for ESRD prospective cohort from 2008 to 2014 were enrolled in this study. Classification algorithms were used for prediction of N-year mortality including neural network. The survival hazard ratio was presented by machine-learning algorithms using survival statistics and was compared to conventional algorithms. A survival-tree algorithm presented the most accurate prediction model and outperformed a conventional method such as Cox regression (concordance index 0.769 vs 0.745). Among various survival decision-tree models, the modified Charlson Comorbidity index (mCCI) was selected as the best predictor of mortality. If peritoneal dialysis patients with high mCCI (>4) were aged ≥70.5 years old, the survival hazard ratio was predicted as 4.61 compared to the overall study population. Among the various algorithm using longitudinal data, the AUC value of logistic regression was augmented at 0.804. In addition, the deep neural network significantly improved performance to 0.841. We propose machine learning-based final model, mCCI and age were interrelated as notable risk factors for mortality in Korean peritoneal dialysis patients.
Low-temperature thermal properties of mesoscopic normal-metal/superconductor heterostructures (2001)

Although the electrical transport properties of mesoscopic metallic samples have been investigated extensively over the past two decades, the thermal properties have received far less attention. This may be due in part to the difficulty of performing thermal measurements on submicron-scale samples. We report here quantitative measurements of the thermal conductance and thermopower of a hybrid normal-metal/superconductor heterostructure, which are made possible by the recent development of a local-thermometry technique. As with electrical transport measurements, these thermal measurements reveal signatures of the phase coherent nature of electron transport in these devices.
Femtosecond laser inscribed advanced calibration phantom for optical coherence tomography (OCT) (2020)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has developed rapidly and is widely used in different fields such as biomedicine and optometry. The characterization and calibration of OCT systems is essential when testing the system and during normal use to ensure that there is no misalignment or distortion that could affect clinical decisions. Imaging distortion is a significant challenge for OCT systems when viewing through non-planar surfaces. Here we present a new multi-purpose plano-convex OCT phantom which is designed to be used for OCT characterization and calibration as well as to validate the post-processing algorithm for the imaging distortion of the OCT systems. A femtosecond laser direct writing technique is used to fabricate this phantom which consists of a landmark layer with radial lines at a 45-degree angular spacing inscribed at 50μm in apparent depth (AD) underneath the planar surface. Below that there are a further 8 layers of a spherical inscription pattern which has a 150μm (in AD) separation between each layer. The first spherical layer is located at 150μm (in AD) underneath the planar surface. Due to the laser power loss when travelling through the deeper layer, an increased power is applied to the deeper layers. The spherical pattern overcomes orientation issues seen with existing calibration phantoms. The landmark layer is applied so that it can easily tell the exact location when scanning which will also benefit the image distortion correction process.
Real‐Time Observation and Control of Pentacene Film Growth on an Artificially Structured Substrate (2009)

Suppression of nucleation around a gold electrode during pentacene growth on a SiO2 channel is found by photoemission electron microscopy. Mass flow is driven by the difference between the molecular orientations on SiO2 and gold. The poor connectivity at the channel/electrode boundary causes degradation in the performance of a field-effect transistor, which is found to be improved by self-assembled monolayer treatment on the electrode (see figure; thickness in monolayers (ML)).
Characterization and Thermal Stability of Polymorphic Forms of Synthesized Tristearin (2002)

ABSTRACT: The polymorphic characteristics and thermal stability of α, β′, and β forms of synthesized tristearin were studied using X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light microscopy (PLM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Polymorphic forms of α, β′, and β were induced from tristearin melts with increasing temperatures and times. Solid‐solid and melt‐mediated polymorphic transitions of tristearin occurred predominantly during slow heating rates and rapid heating rates in the DSC, respectively. The stability of α and β forms of tristearin were dependent on storage temperatures. As storage temperatures increased, the rate of polymorphic transitions from α to β and β′ to β forms of tristearin increased.
Change analysis on evolving PLC software in automated production systems (2018)

Abstract Control software for automated Production Systems (aPSs) becomes increasingly complex. Respective systems undergo constant evolution. Yet, proper documentation may not always be present, entailing maintenance issues in the long run. While manual examination of software for aPSs is an error-prone task, static analysis can improve system quality. However, it has not been applied to describe software evolution by means of changed systems artifacts. The authors address this issue and perform change analyses on IEC61131-3 projects, identifying introduced and removed systems artifacts as well as existing ones affected. By that, the authors aim to support sustainable evolution. Two feasibility studies, implemented independently, but for the same evolution scenarios for an automation plant, are used for evaluation. The technique is shown to be efficient and highly precise.
dbGaPCheckup: pre-submission checks of dbGaP-formatted subject phenotype files (2023)

dbGaPCheckup is an innovative assistive and timesaving tool that fills an important gap for researchers by making dbGaP submission of large and complex data sets less error prone.
Details concerning the chloromethylation of soluble high-molecular-weight polystyrene using dimethoxymethane, thionyl chloride, and a Lewis acid: a full analysis (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetails concerning the chloromethylation of soluble high-molecular-weight polystyrene using dimethoxymethane, thionyl chloride, and a Lewis acid: a full analysisMichael E. Wright, Edward G. Toplikar, and Steven A. SvejdaCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 21, 5879–5880Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00021a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00021a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views622Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Agent Performance in Vehicle Routing when the Only Thing Certain is Uncertainty (2008)

While intermodal transport has the potential to introduce efficiency to the transport network, this transport environment also suffers from a lot of uncertainty at the interface of modes. For example, trucks moving containers to and from a port terminal are often uncertain as to when exactly their container will be released from the ship, from the stack, or from customs. This leads to much difficulty and inefficiency in planning a profitable routing for multiple containers in one day. In this paper, we examine agent-based solutions as a mechanism to handle job arrival uncertainty in the context of a drayage case at the Port of Rotterdam. We compare our agent-based solution approach to a well known on-line optimization approach and study the comparative performance of both systems across four scenarios of varying job arrival uncertainty. We conclude that when less than 50% of all jobs are known at the start of the day then an agent-based approach performs competitively with an on-line optimization approach.
β-Lithioacrylate Equivalents for the Synthesis of (±)-Eldanolide (1986)

Direct lithiation of ß-phenylthioacrylic acid and of methyl propiolate affords useful ß-lithioacrylate and ß-lithiopropionate equivalents. This is demonstrated in this paper in a convenient synthesis of (±)-eldanolide (±)-1 and in the transformation of butenolide (±)-7 into butyrolactone (±)-9, respectively.
A Data-Driven Traffic Steering Algorithm for Optimizing User Experience in Multi-Tier LTE Networks (2019)

Multi-tier cellular networks are a cost-effective solution for capacity enhancement in urban scenarios. In these networks, effective mobility strategies are required to assign users to the most adequate layer. In this paper, a data-driven self-tuning algorithm for traffic steering is proposed to improve the overall Quality of Experience (QoE) in multi-carrier Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks. Traffic steering is achieved by changing Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)-based inter-frequency handover margins. Unlike classical approaches considering cell-aggregated counters to drive the tuning process, the proposed algorithm relies on a novel indicator, derived from connection traces, showing the impact of handovers on user QoE. Method assessment is carried out in a dynamic system-level simulator implementing a real multi-carrier LTE scenario. Results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves QoE figures obtained with classical load balancing techniques.
Software Pipelining Irregular Loops On the TMS320C6000 VLIW DSP Architecture (2001)

The TMS320C6000 architecture is a leading family of Digital Signal Processors (DSPs). To achieve peak performance, this VLIW architecture relies heavily on software pipelining. Traditionally, software pipelining has been restricted to regular (FOR) loops. More recently, software pipelining has been extended to irregular (WHILE) loops, but only on architectures that provide special-purpose hardware such as rotating (predicate and general-purpose) register files, specific instructions for filling/draining software pipelined loops, and possibly hardware support for speculative code motion. In contrast, the TMS320C6000 family has a limited, static register file and no specialized hardware beyond the ability to predicate instructions using a few static registers. In this paper, we describe our experience extending a production compiler for the TMS320C6000 family to software pipeline irregular loops. We discuss our technique for preprocessing irregular loops so that they can be handled by the existing software pipeliner. Our approach is much simpler than previous approaches and works very well in the presence of the DSP applications and the target architecture which characterize our environment. With this optimization, we achieve impressive speedups on several key DSP and non-DSP algorithms.
Trends in future avionics architectures incorporating radar processing technology (2002)

The author considers trends in avionics architecture development, and the selection of the underlying technology used to build the integrated avionics, given processing and platform requirements. Processing includes communications, navigation and identification, electronic warfare, electrooptics, video, controls and displays, and radar applications. The radar application is used to illustrate the requirements analysis process. It is pointed out that advanced packaging techniques, high-performance data networks, photonics and fiber-optic technologies support the implementation of advanced integrated avionics systems. The avionics architecture incorporates a system-wide approach to delivering sufficient communications connectivity and capacity. It also addresses the underlying signal processing engines used to perform applications processing. The integrated avionics architecture provides a coherent model of system operation, user services, and a development environment fully supportive of the application development process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Two-dimensional bandgap engineering in a novel Si-SiGe pMOSFET with enhanced device performance and scalability (2002)

Two-dimensional device simulations are used to explore the applications of bandgap engineering in improving device performance and scalability. Heterojunction pMOSFETs with strained SiGe in the source and/or drain have substantially suppressed short-channel effects, including field-induced barrier lowering in the devices with high-k gate dielectrics/spacers. Despite the source-side velocity overshoot, the drive currents in these devices are reduced due to the hetero-barriers in the channel. This drawback can be eliminated by the use of a thin Si or SiGe cap layer. Finally, a novel pMOSFET with a SiGe source/drain and a SiGe quantum well channel is proposed. It has reduced SCE and enhanced drive current.
Thiol-Activated Hydrogen Sulfide Donors Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (2018)

We have recently shown that endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), an important cellular gaseous mediator, exerts an antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo, and that exogenous H₂S delivered via the synthetic H₂S-releasing compound GYY4137 also has similar properties. In this study, we sought to extend our findings to a novel class of H₂S donors, thiol-activated gem-dithiol-based (TAGDDs). In an in vitro model of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, TAGDD-1 treatment significantly reduced viral replication, even when added up to six hours after infection. Using a mouse model of RSV infection, intranasal delivery of TAGDD-1 to infected mice significantly reduced viral replication and lung inflammation, markedly improving clinical disease parameters and pulmonary dysfunction, compared to vehicle treated controls. Overall our results indicate that this novel synthetic class of H₂S-releasing compounds exerts antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity in the context of RSV infection and represents a potential novel pharmacological approach to ameliorate viral-induced lung disease.
Chloride Removal From Archaeological Cast Iron by Pulsating Current (2002)

The electrochemical stabilization of archaeological cast iron, currently used in restoration and conservation, is designed to extract chlorides by applying an electrical field between the metal (object containing a metal core), which is cathodically polarized, and a stainless steel cage, which is anodically polarized. However, stabilization of artifacts in potentiostatic mode is a relatively long procedure and weakens the artifacts because of the hydrogen evolution when the applied voltage is too negative. In an effort to reduce the secondary effects caused by hydrogen, we decided to study the use of pulsating currents. The aim is to be selective with respect to the reactions produced and to increase the rate of dechlorination treatment. By applying a pulsating signal with a constant current and a limit potential (Elim, Elim <E), the same quantity of chloride (100%) was extracted in the same treatment time as in potentiostatic mode. After optimizing the pulse parameters (i, ton, toff, Elim), the extraction ratio (QCl/Qtotal) increased from 0·17 (potentiostatic mode) to 0·49 (pulsating mode) and side-effects due to hydrogen were avoided.
Los Alamos National Laboratory Fission Basis (2012)

This report is an overview of two main publications that provide a comprehensive review of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Fission Basis. The first is the experimental paper, “Fission Product Data Measured at Los Alamos for Fission Spectrum and Thermal Neutrons on 239Pu,235U, 238U,” [Selby, H. D., et al., Nucl. Data Sheets, Vol. 111 2010, pp. 2891–2922] and the second is the theoretical paper, “Fission Product Yields from Fission Spectrum n+239Pu for ENDF=B-VII.1,” [Chadwick, M. B., et al., Nucl. Data Sheets, Vol. 111, 2010, pp. 2923–2964].
Abstract 3582: Licochalcone-A, a natural inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1. (2013)

Abstract The c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) pathway plays an important role in many physiological processes induced by a variety of stress signals. Each JNK protein appears to have a distinct function in cancer, asthma, diabetes, or Parkinson's disease. JNK1 is a key contributor for breast cancer and gastric cancer. Herein, we found that licochalcone-A, a major phenolic constituent isolated from licorice root, suppressed JNK1 activity, but had little effect on JNK2 in vitro. Although licochalcone-A binds with JIP1 competitively with either JNK1 or JNK2, a computer simulation model showed that after licochalcone-A binding, the ATP-binding cleft of JNK1 was distorted more substantially than that of JNK2. This could reduce the affinity of JNK1 more than JNK2 for ATP binding. Furthermore, licochalcone-A inhibited JNK1-mediated, but not JNK2-mediated, c-Jun phosphorylation in both ex vivo and in vitro systems. We also observed that in colon and pancreatic cancer cell lines, JNK1 is highly expression compared with normal cell lines. In these cell lines, treatment with licochalcone-A or knocking down JNK1 expression suppressed colon and pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and colony formation. These results demonstrate that licochalcone-A is a selective JNK1 inhibitor. Therefore, we suggest that because of JNK1’s critical role in colon cancer and pancreatic carcinogenesis, licochalcone-A might have therapeutic potential against this devastating disease. Citation Format: Ke Yao, Hanyong Chen, Mee-Hyun Lee, Haitao Li, Weiya Ma, Ki Won Lee, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong. Licochalcone-A, a natural inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3582. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3582
Eine rationelle Synthese des Azulens (1955)

Alle bisher bekannt gewordenen Synthesen des Azulens (I) und seiner Homologen erfordern in der Endphase eine Dehydrierung unter mehr oder weniger gewaltsamen Bedingungen. Die Ausbeuten an Azulenen sind daher durchweg schlecht.
Functional Proteomics of Neuropeptidome Dynamics during the Feeding Process of Rhodnius prolixus (2011)

In hematophagous insects, blood intake triggers a prompt response mediated by neuropeptides, which regulates a variety of physiological processes. Here we report a quantitative proteomic analysis of the postfeeding response in the central nervous system of Rhodnius prolixus, a vector of Chagas disease. The concentration of neuropeptides NVP-like, ITG-like, kinin-precursor peptide, and neuropeptide-like precursor 1 (NPLP1) significantly changes in response to blood intake. We also performed a neuropeptidomic analysis of other feeding-related organs, namely salivary glands and gut. We identified NPLP1 in salivary glands and myosuppressin in midgut. This is the first report suggesting a role for NPLP1, involving the peptides processed from this precursor in the hormonal control of the production and/or release of saliva. Our results contribute to the understanding of the postprandial neuroendocrine response in hematophagous and provide important information for physiological and pharmacological studies aimed to the design of next-generation insecticides such as peptidomimetics.
Speicher: securing LSM-based key-value stores using shielded execution (2019)

We introduce SPEICHER, a secure storage system that not only provides strong confidentiality and integrity properties, but also ensures data freshness to protect against rollback/forking attacks. SPEICHER exports a Key-Value (KV) interface backed by Log-Structured Merge Tree (LSM) for supporting secure data storage and query operations. SPEICHER enforces these security properties on an untrusted host by leveraging shielded execution based on a hardware-assisted trusted execution environment (TEE)-specifically, Intel SGX. However, the design of SPEICHER extends the trust in shielded execution beyond the secure SGX enclave memory region to ensure that the security properties are also preserved in the stateful (or non-volatile) setting of an untrusted storage medium, including system crash, reboot, or migration.

More specifically, we have designed an authenticated and confidentiality-preserving LSM data structure. We have further hardened the LSM data structure to ensure data freshness by designing asynchronous trusted counters. Lastly, we designed a direct I/O library for shielded execution based on Intel SPDK to overcome the I/O bottlenecks in the SGX enclave. We have implemented SPEICHER as a fully-functional storage system by extending RocksDB, and evaluated its performance using the RocksDB benchmark. Our experimental evaluation shows that SPEICHER incurs reasonable overheads for providing strong security guarantees, while keeping the trusted computing base (TCB) small.