gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coma Following Use of Rubbing Alcohol for Fever Control (1987)

<i>Sir</i>.— The topical use of isopropyl alcohol for fever control in children was once on accepted pediatric practice. Since the late 1950s, this practice has been discouraged following reports of neurotoxic effects that include stupor, narcosis, coma, and even death.<sup>1,2</sup>Unfortunately, sponging with rubbing alcohol remains a fairly common method for fever control in children in some communities. We describe a patient with coma secondary to sponging with isopropyl and discuss the clinical clues for the diagnosis. <i>Patient Report</i>.—Fever to 40°C developed in a previously healthy 18-month-old girl while she was being treated with amoxicillin for otitis media. In an attempt to lower her temperature, her mother repeatedly wrapped towels absorbed with rubbing alcohol around the child's waist for periods of up to four hours. The child became progressively lethargic and ultimately unresponsive to verbal and tactile stimulation. At the time she arrived at our intensive care unit, she was unconscious and unresponsive to pain, with midline fixed miotic pupils,
Real-Time Monitoring of Complex Multiphase Behavior in a High Pressure High Temperature Microfluidic Chip (2017)

Here, we determined the phase diagrams of aqueous solutions of model biomass compounds in a novel high-pressure-high-temperature microfluidic set-up.We find that the experimental boiling temperature is significantly higher than the theoretical value due to local pressure effects, the energy barrier for bubble nucleation and superheating effects.Furthermore, this set-up provides exquisite control on the point of nucleation by accurate control of temperature.
The utility of a fully automated cardiac magnetic resonance post-processing tool and radiomics algorithm to non-invasively classify patients with or without significant coronary artery stenosis (2022)

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre. Background Oxygenation-Sensitive Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (OS-CMR) has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate the underlying physiology of a number of disease states through the assessment of tissue oxygenation status with myocardial oxygenation reserve and functional kinetics of the myocardium with strain. Recently, the analysis of CMR scans with radiomics algorithms has demonstrated to have superior diagnostic accuracy over standard analysis and reporting methods. As up to half of patients undergoing coronary angiography are found to have ischemia with no significant coronary artery obstruction, a non-invasive diagnostic test that can help to more accurately stratify patients presenting with symptoms of ischemia as having significant or no significant coronary artery disease (CAD) would be of great clinical use. Methods We analyzed 49 patients (38 with significant and 15 without significant obstructive CAD) with a positive stress test and coronary angiography. All participants underwent a non-contrast CMR exam on a clinical 3T MRI system (Magnetom Skyra™, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany) within one week of the coronary angiography. Long axis cine CMR for ventricular morphology, volumes, function including strain, and short axis OS-CMR images were acquired (total image acquisition time less than 15min). The images were imported and analyzed with a fully automated analysis package including an advanced machine learning algorithm (cvi42™ Cardiom prototype (Circle Cardiovascular Imaging, Alberta, Canada). Per participant, 602 discrete data points per participant are extracted. A 75% or higher degree of coronary artery stenosis on Quantitative Coronary Angiography (QCA) was used as the ground truth and classified as either 1 vessel disease (VD), 2VD, 3VD, or no significant coronary artery obstruction. Results Fig. 1 shows the top discriminative features as identified by the algorithm: OS-CMR derived marker: 1) myocardial oxygen saturation (LV SVO2), 2) myocardial oxygenation in response to hyperventilation stress (MORS), and 3) epicardial myocardial oxygenation reserve (MORE). Other predictive markers were: Peak Systolic Radial Strain, treatment with calcium channel blockers, presence of cerebrovascular disease, and hypertension. The algorithm showed a 73% classification accuracy of identifying patients with or without obstructive coronary artery stenosis. Conclusion In this proof-of-concept analysis, a fully automated post-processing tool and radiomics algorithm has demonstrated the potential to accurately predict clinical classification in patients with and without significant CAD with a non-invasive, contrast-free CMR protocol. Further training and refinement of analysis algorithms are likely to further enhance the predictive value.
Modulation of nucleobindin‐1 and nucleobindin‐2 by caspases (2007)

Nucleobindin-1 (NUCB1) and nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) are multifunctional proteins that interact with Ca(2+), nucleic acids and various regulatory proteins in different signaling pathways. So far, our understanding of the regulation of the biological functions of nucleobindins remains limited. In our proteome-wide selection for downstream caspase substrates, both NUCB1 and NUCB2 are found to be the downstream substrates of caspases. We report here the detailed analyses of the cleavage of nucleobindins by caspases. Significantly, the caspase cleavage sites are located exactly at one of the Ca(2+)-binding EF-hand motifs. Our results suggest that the functions of nucleobindins could be modulated by caspase-mediated cleavage in apoptosis.
Metacarpophalangeal Length in the Evaluation of Skeletal Malformation (1972)

Standards are presented for metacarpal and phalangeal lengths by row and ray (or digit) for 19 tubular bones of the hand, for both sexes separately from infancy through adulthood along with measurements of variability. Information on the 684 means and standard deviations is presented in relation to the relative size of bones within a row, and a comparison of the variabilities of males and females is discussed. The use of bone lengths in hand syndromes of chromosomal, genetic, and endocrine origin are described.
Efecto de las condiciones de cultivo sobre parámetros del modo de acción de Metarhizium anisopliae (2003)

En el presente trabajo se determinó el efecto de diferentes condiciones de cultivo y sustratos potenciales inductores de vi_rulencia sobre la germinación, la adherencia y la hidrofobicidad de los conidios de netertuzium anisopliae y su relación con la actividad biocontroladora sobre la langosta llanera Rhammatocerus schistocercoides. El hongo se cultivó en medios líquidos y sólidos, sin suplementar y suplementados con los potenciales inductores de virulencia (quitina coloidal, homogeneizado de alas y patas de langosta y salvado de trigo). Se utilizó la cepa Mt004 que en trabajos previos presentó alta actividad biocontroladora y la cepa Mt006 que demostró baja actividad contra este insecto. Con los conidios obtenidos a partir de los medios de cultivos mencionados, se realizó un bioensayo, encontrándose en todos los casos, mayor actividad biocontroladora con la cepa Mt004 que con la cepa Mt006. De otra parte, en ambas cepas se observó que todos los sustratos ejercieron algún efecto sobre los parámetros evaluados. Sin embargo, la mayor mortalidad se obtuvo con los conidios provenientes del cultivo líquido suplementado con alas y patas de langosta y con salvado de trigo, sugiriendo que estos sustratos podrían ejercer un efecto inductor en la virulencia del hongo, si se tiene en cuenta que la germinación, adherencia e hidrofobicidad de los conidios producidos, también se incrementó. Los resultados obtenídos indican que el tipo de medio de cultivo y su composición determinan las características de la biomasa producida, las cuales pueden estar relacionadas con la virulencia de la misma.
Finite Element Modeling of a Baseball (2012)

A baseball consists of a spherical cork core that is wrapped with two layers of rubber, three layers of wool, one layer of cotton, cement glue and one layer of cowhide. The respective nonlinear and time-dependent material properties of these layers make it challenging to capture the behavior of a baseball accurately over a range of impact speeds. As a result of this challenge, finite element models (FEMs) of the baseball typically treat the baseball as a single viscoelastic material where the respective material properties have been homogenized. These single-material models do not necessarily possess the same hyperelastic and viscoeleastic qualities as a real baseball, and these missing behaviors limit the applicability of these baseball models to simulate a bat-ball collision over a very narrow range of impact speeds. In the current work, a layer-by-layer approach is used to create a robust baseball FEM. The pill, which is a cork core wrapped in two layers of rubber, were subjected to bounce and compression testing at a wide range of impact speeds and compression rates. These data are used to tune the pill properties and ensure close agreement between experimental and FEM results. The remaining layers are added individually until the complete baseball is modeled and agrees closely with experimental results over a wide range of impact speeds. Possible applications for a new and improved baseball FEM include accurate simulations of baseball testing and bat-ball collisions. The improved ball model can also be used to predict performance of future bat designs not yet manufactured.
Liposomal form of desferal as an effective chlamidial agent (2012)

Des f eral is a free iron ions blocker used for heart attacks and strokes treatment for more than 30 years. In several in vitro studies it was also shown that desferal concentrations of 15–100 mM cause shortage of iron in Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia trachomatis, affecting these bacteria growth and development. The main problems of this compound for treatment of chlamydia are its toxicity and low ability to pass through the cell membrane. In this research the in vitro toxicity and activity of desferal encapsulated in soybean phosphatidyl - choline liposomes were studied. It was demonstrated that the liposomal form of the chelator is less toxic and more active as compared to its solution.
Quantitative Compression Elastography With an Uncalibrated Stress Sensor (2022)

Tissue stiffness is a key biomechanical property that can be exploited for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Tissue stiffness is typically measured quantitatively via shear wave elastography or qualitatively through compressive strain elastography. This work focuses on merging the two by implementing an uncalibrated stress sensor to allow for the calculation of Young’s modulus during compression elastography. Our results show that quantitative compression elastography is able to measure Young’s modulus values in gelatin and tissue samples that agree well with uniaxial compression testing.
To Adhere or Not to Adhere: An Important Decision (2006)

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Genetic Influences on Health (2005)

Race is frequently used by clinicians and biomedical researchers to make inferences about an individual’s ancestry and to predict whether an individual carries specific genetic risk factors that influence health. The extent to which race is useful for making such predictions depends on how well race corresponds with genetic inferences of ancestry, how frequently common diseases in different racial groups are influenced by the same vs different gene variants, and whether such variants have the same effects in different racial groups. New studies of human genetic variation show that while genetic ancestry is highly correlated with geographic ancestry, its correlation with race is modest. Therefore, while data on the correspondence of race, ancestry, and health-related traits are still limited, particularly in minority populations, geographic ancestry and explicit genetic information are alternatives to race that appear to be more accurate predictors of genetic risk factors that influence health. Making accurate ancestry inferences is crucial because common diseases and drug responses are sometimes influenced by gene variants that vary in frequency or differ altogether among racial groups. Thus, operationalizing alternatives to race for clinicians will be an important step toward providing more personalized health care.
Copper-Zinc Oxide Synergistic Approach as Low-Emissivity Material for Energy-Saving Windows (2020)

Abstract In luxurious glass buildings and constructions, heat gain (or heat loss) mostly comes through the windows. Infrared (IR) radiation is an important factor that causes the entry of heat into the buildings. To save energy consumption of air conditioners, low-emissivity (Low-E) glass coating applications are focused. In the energy-saving field, transparent conductive oxide (TCOs) are used as coatings to minimized IR entry. In this work, copper-doped zinc oxide (CZO) is synthesized for thermal reflective material. Cu(II) ions are doped to ZnO by a sol-gel method to obtain CZO nanoparticles and is coated on a glass substrate. The morphology of CZO is investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM); phase crystallinity is determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD); and UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy is used to characterize UV/IR-shielding and also the optical transparency. IR cameras and in-lab thermal insulation setup are used to test the heat insulation properties. The result shows that 15% copper-doped zinc oxide has the best insulation from IR rays with the lowest temperature in the interior (T3) of 50.6°C while the outer temperature (T2) was at 85.5°C the lowering of the temperature by 34.9°C (cooler by 59%). CZO synthesized from the sol-gel method has promising properties for Low-E glass coating applications.
Visco-thermo-elastic Simulation Approach For Prediction of Cure-induced Residual Stresses in Fiber Reinforced Composites (2021)

Liquid composite molding (LCM) has established as a high quality manufacturing process for fiber reinforced composite structures. In order to reduce cycle times significantly, novel fast curing matrix resins are being introduced into series production. These put high requirements on process control and part reproducibility. Problems that may be encountered in this context involve process-induced distortion and surface waviness resulting from anisotropic and cure-dependent material properties. Numerical simulations represent a powerful approach to avoid the use of costly trial-and-error methods. For this reason, a simulation approach is being developed which aims at the prediction of residual stresses and accompanying effects on different length scales. Based on a resin characterization comprising reaction kinetics, cure-dependent relaxation modulus as well as thermal expansion and pressure-dependent chemical shrinkage, a generalized MAXWELL model is selected to describe the process-related mechanical behavior of the thermoset. Taking into account the influence of the process parameters on the resin properties enables a detailed analysis of process-property-relationships. By this, the developed simulation approach offers the possibility of a comprehensive analysis of both local and global process-induced phenomena and hence prevention of flaws.
Prenylisoflavone Derivatives from the Roots of Hedysarum scoparium (2007)

Four new prenylisoflavone derivatives, namely, 5-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-prenyl-2''-hydroxyisopropyldihydrofurano[4,5:6,7]-isoflavone (1), 5-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-6-prenyl-2'''-hydroxyisopropyldihydrofurano[4,5:8,7]-isoflavone (2), 5-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-prenyl-1'',2''-peroxyl-3'',3''-dimethyldihydropyrano[5,6:6,7]-isoflavone (3), and 5-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-6-prenyl-1''',2'''-peroxyl-3''',3'''-dimethyldihydropyrano[5,6:8,7]-isoflavone (4), together with three known ones 5-7, were isolated from the roots of Hedysarum scoparium. Their structures were established by means of detailed spectroscopic analysis (IR, EI- or HR-ESI-MS as well as 1D- and 2D-NMR), and by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported for structurally related compounds.
Charge Capacity Limitations of Radio Frequency Ion Guides in Their Use for Improved Ion Accumulation and Trapping in Mass Spectrometry (2000)

The use of radio frequency (rf) ion guides as "linear" two-dimensional ion traps and ion guides for ion storage and accumulation, respectively, is becoming increasingly important for realizing improved sensitivity in mass spectrometry. Analytical relationships describing the ion accumulation operation mode of rf ion guides are reported. Comparisons are made between the rf quadrupole ion guide, higher-order rf multipoles and rf stacked ring ion guides, in terms of the charge capacity limitations due to the instability of ions, rf focusing efficiency limits, and effects due to rf ion heating (i.e., collisional activation due to rf oscillations of ions). Analytical relations for the stored charge quantity are derived in the low ion energy approximation, which is shown to be reasonable for the systems considered. The ion density spatial distribution is derived, an exponential form of which proved to provide a good approximation for high-order rf multipoles and stacked ring rf ion guides. The limit on the stored charge dependence upon rf is shown to be directly related to the thermal dissociation thresholds for the ions being studied; the limitation is weaker for higher-order multipoles and stacked ring ion guides. These results suggest that rf quadrupoles provide an optimum configuration when accumulation of a moderate ion density is sufficient (below 10(9) elementary charges/m). Alternatively, accumulation of an appreciable density for more fragile species, such as noncovalent complexes, may be realized using higher-order multipoles and stacked ring ion guides.
Image compression in signal-dependent noise (1999)

The performance of an image compression scheme is affected by the presence of noise, and the achievable compression may be reduced significantly. We investigated the effects of specific signal-dependent-noise (SDN) sources, such as film-grain and speckle noise, on image compression, using JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) standard image compression. For the improvement of compression ratios noisy images are preprocessed for noise suppression before compression is applied. Two approaches are employed for noise suppression. In one approach an estimator designed specifically for the SDN model is used. In an alternate approach, the noise is first transformed into signal-independent noise (SIN) and then an estimator designed for SIN is employed. The performances of these two schemes are compared. The compression results achieved for noiseless, noisy, and restored images are also presented.
Chitosan Encapsulation Enhances the Bioavailability and Tissue Retention of Curcumin and Improves its Efficacy in Preventing B[a]P-induced Lung Carcinogenesis (2019)

The rate of lung cancer incidence is alarmingly mounting, despite the decline of smoking and tobacco consumption. Recent reports indicate a very high correlation between the growing fast food culture and lung cancer incidence. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a potent carcinogen abundantly present in grilled and deep-fried food and in tobacco smoke. Our previous studies have proved the efficacy of curcumin in curbing B[a]P-induced lung carcinogenesis. However, the poor pharmacokinetic profile of the compound considerably hampers its potential as an effective chemopreventive. This study was intended to evaluate whether encapsulation of curcumin in chitosan nanoparticles can improve the cellular uptake and prolong the tissue retention of curcumin yielding better chemoprevention. The curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (chitosan nanocurcumin) exhibited a size of 170-200 nm in transmission electron microscopy. <i>In vitro</i> drug release studies showed sustained release of curcumin over a period of approximately 180 hours and excellent intracellular uptake and cytotoxicity in lung cancer cells. Bioavailability studies using healthy Swiss albino mice demonstrated drastic enhancement in lung localization of chitosan nanocurcumin compared with free curcumin. Toxicologic evaluation using chronic toxicity model in Swiss albino mice confirmed the pharmacologic safety of the formulation. Moreover, the formulation, even at a dose equivalent to one fourth that of free curcumin, exhibits better efficacy in reducing tumor incidence and multiplicity than free curcumin, thereby hampering development of B[a]P-induced lung adenocarcinomas in Swiss albino mice. Hence, our study underscores the supremacy of the formulation over free curcumin and establishes it as a potential chemopreventive and oral supplement against environmental carcinogenesis.
Design and Fabrication of Aluminum Nitride Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers for Air Flow Measurements (2019)

Beam-drift based flow measurement technique requires frequency matched ultrasound transmitters and receivers for determining the flow rate. Aluminum nitride (AlN) piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs) suitable for such an application have been designed and fabricated. The bottom electrode is designed in such way that it reduces the stray capacitances, without degrading the piezoelectric properties of the AlN layer deposited on it. Frequency matching within a PMUT array and PMUTs fabricated across a wafer are challenging due to residual stress and membrane radius variations. A fabrication process to reduce the residual stress by optimizing the AlN layer deposition parameters, and membrane radius variations by optimizing Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE) process, is developed in this work. The relative frequency variation (Δf*100/f) of the fabricated 7-element transmitter array is 0.5 %, and the variation between two receiver elements is 0.8%. Even though there is frequency variation across the wafer, PMUT transmitters and receivers within a reticle have matching frequencies and they can be utilized as transmitter-receiver pairs for flow measurement applications.
Performance Improvement of Inventory Management System Processes by an Automated Warehouse Management System (2016)

This study investigates the impact of a warehouse management system on supply chain performance that provides less resources effort, more efficient, and reliable inventory management system. The supply chain procedures carried out in the warehouse were reviewed before customizing a software that can handle the necessary transactions. The software was tested for enhancing the work flow and providing a timely and efficient handling. Data was collected from the warehouse of a leading telecommunications service provider in Jordan. Furthermore, the facility layout was studied and we introduced a production station within the warehouse, which resulted in better space optimization/utilization of the warehouse. The production station consists of three steps: bundling, labelling, and repackaging. The system handles three phases of product lifecycle: receiving, processing, and distribution of SIM and prepaid scratch cards. Each phase of the product lifecycle was discussed in detail and the process/procedure gaps were identified. This work can serve both as a practical guide and industrial example for some researchers to compare the software inventory management system with the traditional manual system in the telecommunications sector in Jordan. It also highlights the gap between theory and practice; to motivate researchers to develop and customize new systems for mitigating supply chain disruptions.