gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Environmental Load Uncertainties for Offshore Structures (1995)

A methodology for assessing the effect of different sources of uncertainty on the calculation of load effect on offshore structures is presented. A consistent classification of uncertainties was adopted and used as a basis to develop models to estimate the effect of different uncertainties on specified design loads. It is shown that distribution parameter uncertainties arising from limitations on the quantity of statistical data are not likely to have a significant effect on design loads. By contrast, model uncertainties can greatly increase the design loads, and the increase is sensitive to the probabilistic models used to describe model error. The methodology and results can be used by design engineers to take model uncertainties into account in estimating specified loads. They also form the basis for developing and calibrating a new information-sensitive code format.
Will ich oder will ich nicht - und wenn ja, wie? Promovieren!!! (2015)

Gliederung: Was man über die Promotion wissen sollte. - Welche Formalitäten sind für die Promotion zu beachten?. - Wie kann ich eine Promotion finanzieren?. - Betreuung und Thema. - Ein Exposee schreiben. - Im Kolleg promovieren. - Nach welchen Kriterien entscheide ich mich für eine Promotion?
Parallel 1: Advances in Fibrosis Imaging (2014)

suppressed microglia activation.Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that bile acids facilitate an imbalance between MCP-1 and FKN, which leads to a proinflammatory environment.Targeting bile acid, FKN or MCP-1 signaling may prove to be viable options for the management of HE during liver injury.
Enhanced nucleate boiling on horizontal hydrophobic-hydrophilic carbon nanotube coatings (2013)

Ideal hydrophobic-hydrophilic composite cavities are highly desired to enhance nucleate boiling. However, it is challenging and costly to fabricate these types of cavities by conventional micro/nano fabrication techniques. In this study, a type of hydrophobic-hydrophilic composite interfaces were synthesized from functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes by introducing hydrophilic functional groups on the pristine multiwall carbon nanotubes. This type of carbon nanotube enabled hydrophobic-hydrophilic composite interfaces were systematically characterized. Ideal cavities created by the interfaces were experimentally demonstrated to be the primary reason to substantially enhance nucleate boiling.
Structure and biogenetic-type synthesis of andranginine: an indole alkaloid of a new type (1974)

C. Kan-Fan, G. Massiot, A. Ahond, B. C. Das, H. Husson, P. Potier, A. I. Scott and C. Wei, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1974, 164 DOI: 10.1039/C39740000164
Book ReviewCyclodextrins and Their Complexes: Chemistry, Analytical Methods, Applications (Helena Dodziuk, Ed.) (2007)

Correction to: Properties and Applications of Cyclodextrins: Cyclodextrins and Their ComplexesSynthesis 2007; 2007(13): 2063-2063DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984731
High Milk Consumption Does Not Affect Prostate Tumor Progression in Two Mouse Models of Benign and Neoplastic Lesions (2015)

Epidemiological studies that have investigated whether dairy (mainly milk) diets are associated with prostate cancer risk have led to controversial conclusions. In addition, no existing study clearly evaluated the effects of dairy/milk diets on prostate tumor progression, which is clinically highly relevant in view of the millions of men presenting with prostate pathologies worldwide, including benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) or high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). We report here a unique interventional animal study to address this issue. We used two mouse models of fully penetrant genetically-induced prostate tumorigenesis that were investigated at the stages of benign hyperplasia (probasin-Prl mice, Pb-Prl) or pre-cancerous PIN lesions (KIMAP mice). Mice were fed high milk diets (skim or whole) for 15 to 27 weeks of time depending on the kinetics of prostate tumor development in each model. Prostate tumor progression was assessed by tissue histopathology examination, epithelial proliferation, stromal inflammation and fibrosis, tumor invasiveness potency and expression of various tumor markers relevant for each model (c-Fes, Gprc6a, activated Stat5 and p63). Our results show that high milk consumption (either skim or whole) did not promote progression of existing prostate tumors when assessed at early stages of tumorigenesis (hyperplasia and neoplasia). For some parameters, and depending on milk type, milk regimen could even exhibit slight protective effects towards prostate tumor progression by decreasing the expression of tumor-related markers like Ki-67 and Gprc6a. In conclusion, our study suggests that regular milk consumption should not be considered detrimental for patients presenting with early-stage prostate tumors.
Making "making" accessible (2013)

Assistive technologies empower individuals to accomplish tasks they might not be able to do otherwise. Unfortunately, a large percentage of assistive devices that are purchased (35% or more) end up unused or abandoned [8], leaving many people with assistive technology that is inappropriate for their needs. This paper describes our ongoing work to help more people gain access to the assistive technology they need by empowering non-engineers to "Do-It-Yourself" (DIY), and thus create, modify, or build their own assistive technology. We discuss how a new generation of rapid prototyping tools and online communities can empower more individuals, and we describe two technologies we have developed to enable novices to prototype and create physical objects.
An Artificial Ion Channel Formed by a Macrocyclic Resorcin[4]arene with Amphiphilic Cholic Acid Ether Groups (2001)

Tail-to-tail assembly of two molecules of a resorcin[4]arene resulted in a bilayer membrane with an intramembrane ion channel (see schematic diagram). The steroidal tails introduced here have the advantages of giving a long-lived open state of the pore (2.5–4.5 s, as opposed to tens of milliseconds for alkyl tails) and of allowing the hydrophilic pore to be modified without changing the overall structural features.
S-diclofenac Protects against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Mice via Ameliorating Cardiac Gap Junction Remodeling (2011)

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), as a novel gaseous mediator, plays important roles in mammalian cardiovascular tissues. In the present study, we investigated the cardioprotective effect of S-diclofenac (2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino] benzeneacetic acid 4-(3H-1,2,dithiol-3-thione-5-yl)phenyl ester), a novel H(2)S-releasing derivative of diclofenac, in a murine model of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. After a single dose injection of doxorubicin (15 mg/kg, i.p.), male C57BL/6J mice were given daily treatment of S-diclofenac (25 and 50 µmol/kg, i.p.), diclofenac (25 and 50 µmol/kg, i.p.), NaHS (50 µmol/kg, i.p.), or same volume of vehicle. The cardioprotective effect of S-diclofenac was observed after 14 days. It showed that S-diclofenac, but not diclofenac, dose-dependently inhibited the doxorubicin-induced downregulation of cardiac gap junction proteins (connexin 43 and connexin 45) and thus reversed the remodeling of gap junctions in hearts. It also dose-dependently suppressed doxorubicin-induced activation of JNK in hearts. Furthermore, S-diclofenac produced a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effect in this model. As a result, S-diclofenac significantly attenuated doxorubicin-related cardiac injury and cardiac dysfunction, and improved the survival rate of mice with doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. These effects of S-diclofenac were mimicked in large part by NaHS. Therefore, we propose that H(2)S released from S-diclofenac in vivo contributes to the protective effect in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. These data also provide evidence for a critical role of H(2)S in the pathogenesis of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy.
Pinatubo (2016)

Processing-in-memory (PIM) provides high bandwidth, massive parallelism, and high energy efficiency by implementing computations in main memory, therefore eliminating the overhead of data movement between CPU and memory. While most of the recent work focused on PIM in DRAM memory with 3D die-stacking technology, we propose to leverage the unique features of emerging non-volatile memory (NVM), such as resistance-based storage and current sensing, to enable efficient PIM design in NVM. We propose Pinatubo1, a <u>P</u>rocessing <u>I</u>n <u>N</u>on-volatile memory <u>A</u>rchi<u>T</u>ecture for b<u>U</u>lk <u>B</u>itwise <u>O</u>perations. Instead of integrating complex logic inside the cost-sensitive memory, Pinatubo redesigns the read circuitry so that it can compute the bitwise logic of two or more memory rows very efficiently, and support one-step multi-row operations. The experimental results on data intensive graph processing and database applications show that Pinatubo achieves a ~500× speedup, ~28000× energy saving on bitwise operations, and 1.12× overall speedup, 1.11× overall energy saving over the conventional processor.
Programmable Dynamically-Controlled Silicon Photonic Switch Fabric (2015)

Dynamically-controlled optical switches can enable novel functionalities in future high-performance computing and data center systems, including resource allocation and real-time routing. These capabilities can improve system robustness, performance, as well as overall power consumption. Silicon (Si) photonic switch fabrics are capable of nanosecond-scale switching, thus making them potentially attractive for dynamic reconfiguration at data packet rates, which are typically in the GHz range and are made via CMOS-compatible processes for smooth process integration. In this paper, we explore the dynamic control of data signals through an Si photonic switch matrix and demonstrate a programming interface for configuring the switch. Our associated control algorithm is shown to provide the capability for dynamically reallocating the optical power through multicasting for robust operation in case the optical loss changes along a given path. The scheme is shown to operate error-free with 40 Gb/s line rate data streams in a 4×4 Si photonic switch fabric.
TIMP-3 in Bruch's membrane: changes during aging and in age-related macular degeneration. (1999)

During normal aging, TIMP-3 content in Bruch's membrane of the macula shows a significant increase. TIMP-3 content in AMD eyes was elevated relative to that of age-matched normal eyes. Higher levels of TIMP-3 may contribute to the thickening of Bruch's membrane observed in AMD.
Fibrin-Based Tissue Engineering: Comparison of Different Methods of Autologous Fibrinogen Isolation (2012)

The results of the present study demonstrated that ethanol precipitation is a simple and effective method for isolation of fibrinogen and a suitable alternative to cryoprecipitation. This technique allows minimization of the necessary blood volume for fibrinogen isolation, particularly important for pediatric applications, and also has no negative influence on microstructure, mechanical properties, cell proliferation, or tissue development.
Detection of K-ras and p53 mutations in bronchoscopically obtained malignant and non-malignant tissue from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. (2000)

Molecular screening may increase the likelihood to identify early malignant lesions in non-small cell lung cancer. However the presence of gene mutations in non-malignant bronchial tissue has remained controversial. The present study was carried out to investigate systematically the presence of mutations of the K-ras and p53 gene in bronchial biopsies taken during routine bronchoscopy of normal as well as tumour tissues from a series of 40 patients with histologically verified non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). K-ras mutations were analysed with specific detection oligonucleotides, p53 mutations were examined by SSCP analysis. In all biopsies the wildtype of both K-ras and p53 could be detected. The overall frequency of mutations was 14 (35%) with 2 K-ras mutations (5%) and 12 mutations of the p53 gene (30%). In 3 cases (1 ras mutation, 2 p53 mutations) the same mutation could be shown in the tumour biopsy and in the distant normal control. In another case only the normal appearing tissue had a mutation of the p53 gene. All other mutations could be detected in the tumour tissue only. Our data confirm that K-ras mutations and p53 can be detected not only in malignant but also in non-malignant bioptic samples from patients with NSCLC. The use of molecular screening for the early detection of lung cancer may be a promising new approach.
Site-Specific Cation Binding Mediates TATA Binding Protein−DNA Interaction from a Hyperthermophilic Archaeon (2001)

Pyrococcus woesei (Pw) is a hyperthermophilic archaeal organism that exists under conditions of high salt and elevated temperature. In a previous study [O'Brien, R., DeDecker, B., Fleming, K., Sigler, P. B., and Ladbury, J. E., (1998) J. Mol. Biol. 279, 117-125], we showed that, despite the similarity of primary and secondary structure, the TATA box binding protein (TBP) from Pw binds thermodynamically in a fundamentally different way to its mesophilic counterparts. The affinity of the interaction increases as the salt concentration is increased. The formation of the protein-DNA complex involves the release of water and the uptake of ions, which were hypothesized to be cations. Here we test this hypothesis by selecting potential cation binding sites at negatively charged, acidic residues in the complex interface. These were substituted using site-directed mutagenesis of specific residues. Changes in the thermodynamic parameters on formation of the mutant protein-DNA complex were determined using isothermal titration calorimetry and compared to the wild type interaction. Removal of a glutamate residue from the binding site resulted in the uptake of one less cation on formation of the complex. This glutamate (E12) is directly involved in the binding of cations in the complex interface. Substitution of another acidic residue proximal to the DNA binding site (D101) had no effect on cation uptake, suggesting that the location of the amino acid on the protein surface is important in dictating the potential to coordinate cations. Removal of the cation binding site provided a more favorable entropy of binding; however, this effect is significantly reduced at higher salt concentrations. The removal of the cation binding site led to an increase in affinity with respect to the wild-type TBP at low salt concentrations.
Investigation and prevention of infectious outbreaks during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (2010)

Gastrointestinal and other types of flexible endoscopes may become contaminated during clinical use, and therefore rigorous and thorough cleaning, high-level disinfection, and drying after each procedure is required to prevent the transmission of potentially infectious agents [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]. With important public health implications, flexible endoscopes are reportedly associated with more documented cases of healthcare-acquired infections than any other type of reusable medical device [1]. A primary reason for this salient distinction is the complex physical design of these devices, including the structures of their internal channels. While their complex designs are essential both for the success of the procedure and patient comfort, not all types of flexible endoscopes necessarily facilitate reprocessing [1].
Structure, G Protein Activation, and Functional Relevance of the Cardiac G Protein‐Gated K+ Channel, IKACh (1999)

The muscarinic-gated atrial potassium channel IKACh has been well characterized functionally, and has been an excellent model system for studying G protein/effector interactions. Complementary DNAs encoding the composite subunits of IKACh have been identified, allowing direct probing of structural and functional features of the channel. Here, we highlight recent approaches taken in our laboratory to determine the oligomeric structure of native cardiac IKACh, the mechanism of activation of IKACh by G proteins, and the relevance of IKACh to cardiac physiology.
Fast neutron imaging device and method (2023)

A fast neutron imaging apparatus and method of constructing fast neutron radiography images, the apparatus including a neutron source and a detector that provides event-by-event acquisition of position and energy deposition, and optionally timing and pulse shape for each individual neutron event detected by the detector. The method for constructing fast neutron radiography images utilizes the apparatus of the invention.
Dynamic Optimization of Neural Network Structures Using Probabilistic Modeling (2018)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are powerful machine learning models and have succeeded in various artificial intelligence tasks. Although various architectures and modules for the DNNs have been proposed, selecting and designing the appropriate network structure for a target problem is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a method to simultaneously optimize the network structure and weight parameters during neural network training. We consider a probability distribution that generates network structures, and optimize the parameters of the distribution instead of directly optimizing the network structure. The proposed method can apply to the various network structure optimization problems under the same framework. We apply the proposed method to several structure optimization problems such as selection of layers, selection of unit types, and selection of connections using the MNIST, CIFAR-10, and CIFAR-100 datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed method can find the appropriate and competitive network structures.
Cambios en la arquitectura muscular y en la velocidad de ejecución de sentadillas en VersaPulley en condiciones estables e inestables en jugadores junior de baloncesto de élite durante una temporada (2015)

Cambios en la arquitectura muscular y en la velocidad de ejecucin de sentadillas en VersaPulley en condiciones estables e
Analysis of Heat Transfer to Supercritical Carbon Dioxide by the STAR-CCM+ CFD Code (2011)

The Supercritical Water Reactor (SCWR) is one of the six conceptual designs proposed for Generation IV for which a considerable amount of research and development is being spent for tackling the challenging aspects of the related technology. Among the different issues to be considered in the design of SCWRs, there are obviously the consequences of the peculiar characteristics of fluids at supercritical pressures on the heat transfer efficiency.&#13;\nIn particular, heat transfer enhancement and deterioration are the peculiar phenomena that are known to occur when a supercritical fluid expands along a heated duct. In fact, on one side, the large increase in the specific heat experienced close to the pseudo-critical temperature strongly enhances heat transfer in that region; on the other hand, acceleration and buoyancy effect may be responsible for damping the level of turbulence in the fluid, thus dramatically decreasing the heat transfer efficiency by laminarisation effects.&#13;\nExperiments on heat transfer to supercritical fluids in the frame of the studies for SCWRs have mainly the purpose to acquire information about the behaviour of water. However, because of the high values of the critical pressure and temperature of water, it is sometimes convenient to make experiments on substitute fluids characterized by lower values of these parameters. Among them, carbon dioxide is a very common choice. Kim et al. (2005), in particular, performed interesting studies of heat transfer to carbon dioxide in cylindrical, square and triangular channels, highlighting the effects of deterioration which are taken as reference in this work.&#13;\nIn the aim to assess the behaviour of CFD models in predicting these interesting phenomena, the STAR-CCM+ code was used to predict the data by Kim et al. (2005) in the frame of a training program performed at the University of Pisa and supported by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The analyses involved the use of different models and provided results of comparable quality with respect to those already obtained by other CFD codes in the past, allowing to extend previous conclusions. In particular, the tendency of available low-Reynolds k-ε models in overestimating the effects of heat transfer deterioration has been confirmed. Moreover, sensitivity analyses performed with different models and modeling parameters allowed to highlight aspects of interest for contributing drawing general conclusions on the state-of-the-art of turbulence models applicable to these challenging operating conditions.
Identification of a molecular signature unique to metal-reducingGammaproteobacteria (2013)

Functional genes required for microbial (dissimilatory) metal reduction display high sequence divergence, which limits their utility as molecular biomarkers for tracking the presence and activity of metal-reducing bacteria in natural and engineered systems. In the present study, homologs of the outer membrane beta-barrel protein MtrB of metal-reducing Gammaproteobacteria were found to contain a unique N-terminal CXXC motif that was missing from MtrB homologs of nonmetal-reducing Gammaproteobacteria and metal- and nonmetal-reducing bacteria outside the Gammaproteobacteria. To determine whether the N-terminal CXXC motif of MtrB was required for dissimilatory metal reduction, each cysteine in the CXXC motif of the representative metal-reducing gammaproteobacterium Shewanella oneidensis was replaced with alanine, and the resulting site-directed mutants were tested for metal reduction activity. Anaerobic growth experiments demonstrated that the first, but not the second, conserved cysteine was required for metal reduction by S. oneidensis. The ability to predict metal reduction by Gammaproteobacteria with unknown metal reduction capability was confirmed with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a pathogen whose genome encodes an MtrB homolog with an N-terminal CXXC motif. MtrB homologs with an N-terminal CXXC motif may thus represent a molecular signature unique to metal-reducing members of the Gammaproteobacteria.
Skin Substitutes and Wound Healing: Current Status and Challenges (2004)

Bioengineered skin substitutes have emerged over the past 20 years as the most carefully studied and proven of the advanced wound management technologies. While the initial impetus for their development was to replace autograft, allograft, and xenograft in burn applications, they have found even wider application in the treatment of chronic venous and chronic diabetic ulcers. The current review addresses the history of skin substitutes, surveys the landscape of existing Food and Drug Admin- istration-approved products and other promising innovations that appear close to market, and discusses the reasoning and controversies associated with design of these products. While acellular biologic con- structs are discussed, the authors focus on products that include autologous or allogeneic cells. The vari- ous clinical trials supporting the use of skin substitutes for different wound healing indications are reviewed. The preponderance of literature supports the cost effectiveness of using skin substitutes in healing burn, autograft donor site, diabetic, and venous wounds. In addition, better methods for early identification of diabetic and venous ulcers that may not heal well with standard treatment should improve the process of triaging candidates for skin substitute therapy. In the future, attaining a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms by which skin substitutes induce accelerated healing, includ- ing a better appreciation of the roles of cytokines and cell scaffolds, may lead to product enhancements that increase efficacy. Ongoing progress toward overcoming issues, such as abbreviated shelf life and distribution difficulties, as well as high manufacturing costs, should enable broader implementation of skin substitutes in acute and chronic wound therapy.