gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of annealing of agglomeration of primary particles with anatase phase and tetragonal structure of TiO2 thin films using spray pyrolysis deposition (2019)

In this work, we proposed the study of effect of annealing of agglomeration of primary particles with anatase phase and tetragonal structure of titanium oxide thin films using spray pyrolysis deposition. This films prepared by spray pyrolysis was 350°C and annealed at 450°C in an ambient condition in a muffle furnace. In the X-ray diffraction pattern shows that all films to be nanocrystalline with anatase phase having tetragonal crystal structure. We estimate the all micro structural parameters before and after annealed. Before annealed the crystallite size (D) is the range between (15.03 to 32.27 nm), microstrain (μ) is the range between (0.1073 to 0.1919×10−3) and dislocation density (δ) is the range between (1.0735 to 9.6028×10−3) respectively. After annealed the crystallite size (D) is the range between (15.03 to 31.19 nm), microstrain (μ) is the range between (0.1085 to 0.1919×10−3) and dislocation density (δ) is the range between (1.0276 to 4.4227×10−3) respectively. The FESEM image shows surface morphology of titanium oxide nanoparticles which are irregular in shape due to the agglomeration of primary particles. Also from the optical measurement we have estimate the direct band gap of titanium oxide nanostructure films and before annealed it lies in the range ∼3.26 eV to 3.38 Ev and after annealed the range ∼2.91 eV to 3.28 eV.
An installation experiment with broadband ocean bottom seismometers for reducing low frequency seismic noises. (2009)

海底に設置された地震計は, 0.1Hzより低い周波数帯域において海底底層流の影響を受けることが知られている. 底層流による低周波ノイズを低減するためには, 地震計と海底面とのカップリングを向上させる必要がある. 本研究では, 自由落下で地震計を設置する海底地震観測において低周波ノイズを低減するため, 異なる形状のおもりを用いた比較実験を行った. 従来の井型おもりと, 新しく考案した平板おもりをそれぞれ装着した2台の海底地震計を, 紀伊半島沖熊野灘に2007年12月末から2008年2月初旬の約2ケ月間設置した. 実験の結果, 水平動成分に関しては両者のノイズレベルは変わらなかった. しかし, 上下動成分に関しては, 平板おもりを装着した地震計は従来の井型おもりに比べて0.01Hzより低い周波数帯域においてノイズレベルの低減がみられた.
Integrity of nuclear genomic deoxyribonucleic acid in cooked meat: Implications for food traceability (2008)

It is essential to isolate high-quality DNA from muscle tissue for PCR-based applications in traceability of animal origin. We wished to examine the impact of cooking meat to a range of core temperatures on the quality and quantity of subsequently isolated genomic (specifically, nuclear) DNA. Triplicate steak samples were cooked in a water bath (100 degrees C) until their final internal temperature was 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, or 100 degrees C, and DNA was extracted. Deoxyribonucleic acid quantity was significantly reduced in cooked meat samples compared with raw (6.5 vs. 56.6 ng/microL; P < 0.001), but there was no relationship with cooking temperature. Quality (A(260)/A(280), i.e., absorbance at 260 and 280 nm) was also affected by cooking (P < 0.001). For all 3 genes, large PCR amplicons (product size >800 bp) were observed only when using DNA from raw meat and steak cooked to lower core temperatures. Small amplicons (<200 bp) were present for all core temperatures. Cooking meat to high temperatures thus resulted in a reduced overall yield and probable fragmentation of DNA to sizes less than 800 bp. Although nuclear DNA is preferable to mitochondrial DNA for food authentication, it is less abundant, and results suggest that analyses should be designed to use small amplicon sizes for meat cooked to high core temperatures.
The production in high yield of N'-(4-[11C]methyl)-imipramine. (1983)

A method for the routine production in high yield of N'-(4-[11C]methyl)-imipramine is presented. The label is incorporated by reaction of C-11 methyl iodide (11CH3I) upon desipramine in dimethylsulfoxide. Quaternization of the tertiary amine by 11CH3I is minimized by using an excess of desipramine. The reaction proceeds at room temperature for 10 min and the product is isolated by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The entire production takes only 40 min and results in a radiochemical yield of 60%. About 60 mCi of labeled product are available for medical application; the specific activity, at the time of use, is 50 mCi/mumole. The product was characterized by chromatographic and spectrometric methods.
Regional impact of prophylaxis with the monoclonal antibody palivizumab on ospitalizations from respiratory syncytial virus in infants (2001)

Palivizumab is approved in Switzerland for prevention of hospitalisation for RSV infection in children with one of the following risk factors: (1) history of prematurity < or = 35 weeks and age < or = 6 months or (2) chronic lung disease and age < or = 1 year. Regional data on the expected effectiveness of this monoclonal antibody are not available.(1) Retrospective, descriptive, single-site study on the characteristics of RSV hospitalisations during two consecutive seasons. (2) Extrapolation of data to generate population-based estimates on the impact of palivizumb if used according to the approved indications.Of 242 RSV hospitalisations, 216 (89.3%) and 26 (10.7%) occurred in children without and with risk factors, respectively. Patients without and with risk factors had similar clinical courses with respect to ICU admission rate (11.6 vs. 11.5%) and rate of mechanical ventilation (3.2 vs. 3.8%). Of a total of 28 ICU admissions, 13 (46%) occurred among infants aged < or = 1 month without risk factors. Former premature infants were significantly older than patients with longer gestation (median age 7.5 vs. 3.7 months, p = 0.026). Applying the approved age criteria would have excluded 10 of 26 patients (38.5%) from eligibility for palivizumab. During the 1999/2000 RSV season, 36% of hospitalisations occurred after April 1, 2000. None of them may have been preventable had prophylaxis been started before November 1, 1999 and carried out for 5 months as recommended. In an annual birth cohort of 10,000, palivizumab as indicated would be expected to prevent between 5 and 7 RSV hospitalisations.The impact of palivizumab on the prevention of RSV hospitalisations in the Canton of Bern, Switerland, is expected to be small, and the approved indications may not target infants at greatest risk for severe disease.
Online Switch Open-Circuit Fault Diagnosis Using Reconfigurable Scheduler for Modular Multilevel Converter with Parallel Connectivity (2019)

The modular multilevel series-parallel converter (MMSPC) was shown to provide advantages in several industrial applications, but the many individual switches may challenge its reliability. This paper proposes an effective fault diagnosis method (FDM) based on temporary hot-swapping of the look-up table of the scheduler and the use of additional interconnection states to detect and locate transistor open-circuit faults. First, the feature table of all possible switch open-circuit faults is collected via temporarily reconfiguring the scheduler. The converter can intermittently switch to the fault-diagnosis mode for only a few cycles. Features as simple as the square of the error between the output and reference in the fault-diagnosis mode indicate a switch open-circuit fault. Finally, the output voltage characteristics in the fault diagnosis mode are checked and compared with those in the aforesaid characteristic tables to locate the open switch. Validation results reveal that this proposed fault diagnosis method is efficient, accurate, and fast.
Aging-Induced Shifts From a Reliance on Sensory Input to Muscle Cocontraction During Balanced Standing (2004)

To cope with the deterioration in their sensory input and processing ability, elderly individuals seemed to have developed a strategy of stiffening and freezing their lower legs during upright standing.
Cetacean fossils from a 1961 expedition at the Schelde estuary, province of Zeeland, The Netherlands (2017)

During 2010-2015 the authors revisited the massive collection of marine mammal fossils in Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. Between the thousands of postcrania collected by a single expedition at the Schelde estuary in 1961 they noted some fragmented but important toothed whale (Odontoceti) cranial specimens. This article reports on fossils of a narwhal (Monodontidae), a large beaked whale (Ziphiidae) and dolphins related to the Amazon river dolphins and the La Plata dolphin (Inioidea), which at times
between the middle Miocene and early Pleistocene inhabited the North Sea realm.
The Mitochondrial RNA Landscape of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2013)

Mitochondria are essential organelles that harbor a reduced genome, and expression of that genome requires regulated metabolism of its transcriptome by nuclear-encoded proteins. Despite extensive investigation, a comprehensive map of the yeast mitochondrial transcriptome has not been developed and all of the RNA-metabolizing proteins have not been identified, both of which are prerequisites to elucidating the basic RNA biology of mitochondria. Here, we present a mitochondrial transcriptome map of the yeast S288C reference strain. Using RNAseq and bioinformatics, we show the expression level of all transcripts, revise all promoter, origin of replication, and tRNA annotations, and demonstrate for the first time the existence of alternative splicing, mirror RNAs, and a novel RNA processing site in yeast mitochondria. The transcriptome map has revealed new aspects of mitochondrial RNA biology and we expect it will serve as a valuable resource. As a complement to the map, we present our compilation of all known yeast nuclear-encoded ribonucleases (RNases), and a screen of this dataset for those that are imported into mitochondria. We sought to identify RNases that are refractory to recovery in traditional mitochondrial screens due to an essential function or eclipsed accumulation in another cellular compartment. Using this in silico approach, the essential RNase of the nuclear and cytoplasmic exosome, Dis3p, emerges as a strong candidate. Bioinformatics and in vivo analyses show that Dis3p has a conserved and functional mitochondrial-targeting signal (MTS). A clean and marker-less chromosomal deletion of the Dis3p MTS results in a defect in the decay of intron and mirror RNAs, thus revealing a role for Dis3p in mitochondrial RNA decay.
Design and testing of Control and Positioning System for Underwater mining Machine (2007)

As underwater mining machine were relied upon to perform complex operations offshore, in ever increasing water depths, positioning and control of the machine is one of the major issue where it becomes the limiting factor in the performance of the entire system. The control and data acquisition of the mining system must be flexible and capable of being configured for multi tasks with in short time and perform the operations as programmed in real-time basis. This was achieved by designing the data acquisition and control system of the mining machine based on virtual instrumentation concept using compact field point modules from National Instruments, which is an embedded real-time programmable automation controller that runs Lab VIEW <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> Real-Time, providing the functionality, connectivity, and flexibility on a small rugged, industrial platform. Acoustic positioning system for the underwater mining machine was based on Super Short Base Line (SSBL) principle which was achieved by having one vessel-mounted transducer with the range of 4000 m and two Sub Sea transponders mounted in the machine. The positioning system provides online position status of the crawler in X, Y and Z directions with reference to the mother vessel. With the help of the acoustic positioning system and its GUI based software, it was possible to track the position of the machine in real time with reference to mother vessel during the sea test. Apart from online position tracking of the mining machine the data were recorded for post analysis. The mother vessel was equipped with Dynamic positioning system and Launching and recovery system to ease the positioning, deployment and retrieval operations of the deep sea crawling machine. The objective of the paper is to present in detail the data acquisition, control and positioning system of the underwater mining machine along with the sea test results.
Biotransformation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin by Coprinellus species (2010)

A degradation experiment on dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD) and 2,7-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,7-DCDD) was carried out using basidiomycetous fungi belonging to the genera Coprinus, Coprinellus, and Coprinopsis. Some species showed a high rate of decrease in DD for the 2-week test period. Among them, Coprinellus disseminatus showed the highest ability to decrease the DD level, close to 100% by the end of 2 weeks. Further examination showed that Coprinellus disseminatus and Coprinellus micaceus, belonging to the genus Coprinellus, were able to metabolize 2,7-DCDD to a monohydroxylated compound, probably mediated by the P450 system. The metabolism of chlorinated DD by fungi capable of living in soil conditions is reported here for the first time.
Sensitivity analysis of ORION. [Replacement cost of petroleum] (1987)

The replacement cost of oil is the constant selling price that will recover the full expenses of exploration, development, and production of domestic crude oil with a reasonable return on capital. The computer code ORION calculates the replacement costs of oil for 20 regions of the United States: 6 onshore regions and 14 offshore regions. The replacement cost depends on parameters like the finding rate for oil, capital costs, operating costs, tax rates, and the discount rate. This report presents the results of a sensitivity analysis of ORION. In the analysis, sensitivity coefficients were calculated for all of the parameters in ORION; the coefficients are defined to be the ratio of the percentage change in the replacement cost to the percentage change of a parameter. The sensitivity analysis of ORION was performed using an automated procedure based on the GRESS precompiler. For both the offshore and onshore regions, the parameter with the largest sensitivity coefficient was the discount rate. The sensitivity coefficient for the discount rate is approximately equal to the lead-time. Since the lead-times are 3 years for the onshore regions and 5 to 15 years for the offshore regions, the discount rate coefficients can be significantly larger than 1.0. For the onshore regions, parameters related to oil production (like the reserve discoveries and the number of exploratory wells) had large sensitivity coefficients. For the offshore regions, a weather parameter had large sensitivity coefficients. 4 refs., 16 tabs.
Lesson 16 (1973)

Against the paper guide at 0 on the scale on the left.Turn up 7 single lines.Check the 'ready-to-type' position: feet, body, fingers and eyes.
Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joint angle measurements on weight-bearing CT images (2023)

The joint-surface axes method enables reliable and reproducible measurements of MTPJ, IPJ/PIPJ and DIPJ angles. For PIPJ and DIPJ angles this method is preferable over the use of inertial axes.
The Periplasmic Nitrate Reductase NapABC Supports Luminal Growth of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium during Colitis (2015)

The food-borne pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium benefits from acute inflammation in part by using host-derived nitrate to respire anaerobically and compete successfully with the commensal microbes during growth in the intestinal lumen. The S. Typhimurium genome contains three nitrate reductases, encoded by the narGHI, narZYV, and napABC genes. Work on homologous genes present in Escherichia coli suggests that nitrate reductase A, encoded by the narGHI genes, is the main enzyme promoting growth on nitrate as an electron acceptor in anaerobic environments. Using a mouse colitis model, we found, surprisingly, that S. Typhimurium strains with defects in either nitrate reductase A (narG mutant) or the regulator inducing its transcription in the presence of high concentrations of nitrate (narL mutant) exhibited growth comparable to that of wild-type S. Typhimurium. In contrast, a strain lacking a functional periplasmic nitrate reductase (napA mutant) exhibited a marked growth defect in the lumen of the colon. In E. coli, the napABC genes are transcribed maximally under anaerobic growth conditions in the presence of low nitrate concentrations. Inactivation of narP, encoding a response regulator that activates napABC transcription in response to low nitrate concentrations, significantly reduced the growth of S. Typhimurium in the gut lumen. Cecal nitrate measurements suggested that the murine cecum is a nitrate-limited environment. Collectively, our results suggest that S. Typhimurium uses the periplasmic nitrate reductase to support its growth on the low nitrate concentrations encountered in the gut, a strategy that may be shared with other enteric pathogens.
Reduced Interleukin-17-Expressing Cells in Cutaneous Melanoma (2021)

Characterization of tumor associated lymphocytes (TILs) in tumor lesions is important to obtain a clear definition of their prognostic value and address novel therapeutic opportunities. In this work, we examined the presence of T helper (Th)17 lymphocytes in cutaneous melanoma. We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of a small cohort of primary melanomas, retrospectively selected. Thereafter, we isolated TILs from seven freshly surgically removed melanomas and from three basal cell carcinomas (BCC), as a comparison with a non-melanoma skin cancer known to retain a high amount of Th17 cells. In both studies, we found that, differently from BCC, melanoma samples showed a lower percentage of Th17 lymphocytes. Additionally, TIL clones could not be induced to differentiate towards the Th17 phenotype in vitro. The presence or absence of Th17 cells did not correlate with any patient characteristics. We only observed a lower amount of Th17 cells in samples from woman donors. We found a tendency towards an association between expression by melanoma cells of placenta growth factor, angiogenic factors able to induce Th17 differentiation, and presence of Th17 lymphocytes. Taken together, our data indicate the necessity of a deeper analysis of Th17 lymphocytes in cutaneous melanoma before correlating them with prognosis or proposing Th17-cell based therapeutic approaches.
Variation Needs in Service-Based Systems (2008)

Even though service-orientation has been widely applied, there still is a lack of systematic and tool independent development methods. Partly due to that, little attention has been paid to accounting for variation. When developing a service-based system, it is important to identify which types of variation are relevant for the project and when is the right time to model them. If the variation needs are not recognized or they are ignored, it may hinder applicability and reuse and results in inflexible systems. If they are considered too late, it may require a lot of redecisions and rework.In this paper we explore variation needs in terms of the development process of service-based systems.This study results in a categorization of variation in service-based systems.We illustrate the categorization in a small example in telecommunication area.
Electrochemical performance of graphene nanosheets and ceramic composites as anodes for lithium batteries (2009)

A nanocomposite anode material for lithium batteries is designed and fabricated by the insertion of graphite nanosheets (GNS) into the ceramic network of silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) ceramics for the development of structurally and electrochemically stable lithium batteries. The GNS forms a layered phase in the SiOC ceramic network from the self-assembly of graphite oxides (GO) introduced in a polysiloxane precursor through thermal transformations after pyrolysis. The composite anode (GNS/SiOC) exhibits an initial discharge capacity attaining 1141 mAh g−1. The discharging capacity decreases in the first eight cycles and stays at 364 mAh g−1 in the following cycles. This reversible discharging capacity is higher than that of a graphite reference (328 mAh g−1) and a SiOC monolithic. Correlating the discharge capacities to the material compositions and structures suggest that the interface between SiOC and GNS contributes to the enhanced capacity of the composite anode, in addition to those from GNS and SiOC. Further increasing the electrochemical performance is possible by the increase of the amount of GNS in the composite.
Lattice Perturbation Theory by Langevin Dynamics (1993)

We present an application of the standard Langevin dynamics to the problem of weak coupling perturbative expansions for Lattice QCD. This method can be applied to the computation of the most general observables. In this preliminary work we will concentrate in particular on the computation of the perturbative terms of the $1\times 1$ Wilson loop, up to fourth order. It is shown that a stochastic gauge fixing is a possible solution to the problem of divergent fluctuations which affect higher order coefficients.
Unified design of iterative receivers using factor graphs (2001)

Iterative algorithms are an attractive approach to approximating optimal, but high-complexity, joint channel estimation and decoding receivers for communication systems. We present a unified approach based on factor graphs for deriving iterative message-passing receiver algorithms for channel estimation and decoding. For many common channels, it is easy to find simple graphical models that lead directly to implementable algorithms. Canonical distributions provide a new, general framework for handling continuous variables. Example receiver designs for Rayleigh fading channels with block or Markov memory, and multipath fading channels with fixed unknown coefficients illustrate the effectiveness of our approach.
A Comparison of Anti-Nuclear Antibody Quantification Using Automated Enzyme Immunoassays and Immunofluorescence Assays (2014)

Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) have traditionally been evaluated using indirect fluorescence assays (IFA) with HEp-2 cells. Quantitative immunoassays (EIA) have replaced the use of HEp-2 cells in some laboratories. Here, we evaluated ANA in 400 consecutive and unselected routinely referred patients using IFA and automated EIA techniques. The IFA results generated by two independent laboratories were compared with the EIA results from antibodies against double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), from ANA screening, and from tests of the seven included subantigens. The final IFA and EIA results for 386 unique patients were compared. The majority of the results were the same between the two methods (n = 325, 84%); however, 8% (n = 30) yielded equivocal results (equivocal-negative and equivocal-positive) and 8% (n = 31) yielded divergent results (positive-negative). The results showed fairly good agreement, with Cohen's kappa value of 0.30 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.14-0.46), which decreased to 0.23 (95% CI = 0.06-0.40) when the results for dsDNA were omitted. The EIA method was less reliable for assessing nuclear and speckled reactivity patterns, whereas the IFA method presented difficulties detecting dsDNA and Ro activity. The automated EIA method was performed in a similar way to the conventional IFA method using HEp-2 cells; thus, automated EIA may be used as a screening test.
Cinétiques de télomérisation, 6. Détermination des degrés de polymérisation a partir de la répartition moléculaire (1985)

Abstract It is shown that the kinetic laws established for polymerization reactions can be applied for telomerization reactions provided the number‐average degrees of polymerization DP n are greater than ten. For DP n &gt; 10 it is necessary to calculate the molecular distributions. Values of DP n obtained with the method of Mayo and the molecular distribution method are compared and an experimental application is given by the radical‐initiated telomerization of glycidyl methacrylate (2,3‐epoxypropyl methacrylate) with bromotrichloromethane.