gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MICAL3 Flavoprotein Monooxygenase Forms a Complex with Centralspindlin and Regulates Cytokinesis (2016)

During cytokinesis, the antiparallel array of microtubules forming the central spindle organizes the midbody, a structure that anchors the ingressed cleavage furrow and guides the assembly of abscission machinery. Here, we identified a role for the flavoprotein monooxygenase MICAL3, an actin disassembly factor, in organizing midbody-associated protein complexes. By combining cell biological assays with cross-linking mass spectrometry, we show that MICAL3 is recruited to the central spindle and the midbody through a direct interaction with the centralspindlin component MKLP1. Knock-out of MICAL3 leads to an increased frequency of cytokinetic failure and a delayed abscission. In a mechanism independent of its enzymatic activity, MICAL3 targets the adaptor protein ELKS and Rab8A-positive vesicles to the midbody, and the depletion of ELKS and Rab8A also leads to cytokinesis defects. We propose that MICAL3 acts as a midbody-associated scaffold for vesicle targeting, which promotes maturation of the intercellular bridge and abscission.
Stereospecificity of Triiodothyronine Transport into Brain, Liver, and Salivary Gland: Role of Carrier- and Plasma Protein-Mediated Transport* (1987)

The stereospecificity of T3 transport through the walls of the brain capillary, i.e. the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and the salivary gland capillary and through the hepatocyte plasma membrane was studied with a tissue-sampling single injection technique in rats. In the absence of plasma proteins, the ED50 of inhibition of the saturable transport of [125I]L-T3 through the BBB was 1 microM for unlabeled L-T3 and 9 microM for unlabeled D-T3. The brain extraction of [125I]D-T3, 5.9 +/- 0.1% (+/- SE), was about one third that of [125I]L-T3. Conversely, no saturable and no stereospecific T3 transport was observed for the salivary gland capillary, which, unlike the brain capillary, is porous. The hepatic extraction of T3 was minimally stereospecific in the absence of plasma proteins. In the presence of 5 g/dl bovine albumin, the fraction of circulating D- or L-T3 that was available for transport into liver (50-100%) was many-fold greater than the fraction that was free in vitro (approximately 2%); therefore, both D-T3 and L-T3 were available for uptake by liver from the circulating albumin-bound pool. This plasma protein-mediated transport of T3 is believed to represent a process of enhanced dissociation of T3 from the albumin-binding site, since the plasma protein per se is not significantly taken up by liver on a single pass. However, in the presence of 5 g/dl bovine albumin, the extravascular hepatic extraction of [125I]D-T3 (50 +/- 2%) was nearly half that for [125I]T3 (93 +/- 12%), although no significant difference in the in vitro binding of [125I]D-T3 and [125I]L-T3 to 5 g/dl bovine albumin was found with equilibrium dialysis. In addition, the isoelectric point of bovine albumin bound to [125I] L-T3 (5.1) was higher than that of bovine albumin bound to [125I] D-T3 (5.0), as determined by isoelectric focusing, which indicates that the surface of the bovine albumin molecule is slightly more positive when the protein binds L-T3 as opposed to D-T3. The isoelectric focusing and in vivo transport data together suggest that the interaction between the surfaces of the plasma protein and the hepatic microcirculation that is presumed to cause enhanced hormone dissociation from the protein-binding site is electrostatic in nature. These studies (1) show that the BBB thyroid hormone transport system is sharply stereospecific, and this property is probably a major factor underlying the low biological potency of D-T3 in brain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
MRP-Targetting in toxischem Kontaktekzem – ein Mausmodell zur Bildgebung der Entzündung in vivo (2008)

Ziele: Die Myeloid Related Proteins (MRP) 8 und 14, zwei Mitglieder der S100 Proteinfamilie, werden von phagozytotisch aktiven Zellen im Rahmen der Zellaktivierung am Ort der Entzündung ausgeschüttet und sind daher sensitive Entzündungsmarker. Eine gesteigerte MRP8/MRP14 Expression konnte bei Erkrankungen wie Sepsis, rheumatoider Arthritis oder Krebs beobachtet werden und resultiert in einer Steigerung der Immunantwort von Phagozyten.
DNA methylation map in circulating leukocytes mirrors subcutaneous adipose tissue methylation pattern: a genome-wide analysis from non-obese and obese patients (2017)

The characterization of the epigenetic changes within the obesity-related adipose tissue will provide new insights to understand this metabolic disorder, but adipose tissue is not easy to sample in population-based studies. We aimed to evaluate the capacity of circulating leukocytes to reflect the adipose tissue-specific DNA methylation status of obesity susceptibility. DNA samples isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue and circulating leukocytes were hybridized in the Infinium HumanMethylation 450 BeadChip. Data were compared between samples from obese (n = 45) and non-obese (n = 8-10) patients by Wilcoxon-rank test, unadjusted for cell type distributions. A global hypomethylation of the differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCpGs) was observed in the obese subcutaneous adipose tissue and leukocytes. The overlap analysis yielded a number of genes mapped by the common DMCpGs that were identified to reflect the obesity state in the leukocytes. Specifically, the methylation levels of FGFRL1, NCAPH2, PNKD and SMAD3 exhibited excellent and statistically significant efficiencies in the discrimination of obesity from non-obesity status (AUC > 0.80; p < 0.05) and a great correlation between both tissues. Therefore, the current study provided new and valuable DNA methylation biomarkers of obesity-related adipose tissue pathogenesis through peripheral blood analysis, an easily accessible and minimally invasive biological material instead of adipose tissue.
DC bus capacitor discharge of permanent magnet synchronous machine drive systems for hybrid electric vehicles (2016)

This paper investigates control methods to quickly and safely discharge the high voltage DC bus capacitor for the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drive systems of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) during emergency situations such as a crash event. The published DC bus capacitor discharge strategies either need impractically heavy and bulky hardware or are only effective for low machine speeds. Applying the existing methods under high speeds will lead to loss of the current control and a system shutdown, followed by the bus voltage recharging again. The proposed new control method applies a modulation index controller together with a bus voltage regulator to quickly discharge the bus voltage and avoid any bus recharge regardless of the electric machine speed. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.
Regulation of Dendritic Branching and Spine Maturation by Semaphorin3A-Fyn Signaling (2006)

A member of semaphorin family, semaphorin3A (Sema3A), acts as a chemorepellent or chemoattractant on a wide variety of axons and dendrites in the development of the nervous systems. We here show that Sema3A induces clustering of both postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) and presynaptic synapsin I in cultured cortical neurons without changing the density of spines or filopodia. Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a receptor for Sema3A, is present on both axons and dendrites. When the cultured neurons are exposed to Sema3A, the cluster size of PSD-95 is markedly enhanced, and an extensive colocalization of PSD-95 and NRP-1 or actin-rich protrusion is seen. The effects of Sema3A on spine morphology are blocked by PP2, an Src type tyrosine kinase inhibitor, but not by the PP3, the inactive-related compound. In the cultured cortical neurons from fyn(-/-) mice, dendrites bear few spines, and Sema3A does not induce PSD-95 cluster formation on the dendrites. Sema3A and its receptor genes are highly expressed during the synaptogenic period of postnatal days 10 and 15. The cortical neurons in layer V, but not layer III, show a lowered density of synaptic bouton-like structure on dendrites in sema3A- and fyn-deficient mice. The neurons of the double-heterozygous mice show the lowered spine density, whereas those of single heterozygous mice show similar levels of the spine density as the wild type. These findings suggest that the Sema3A signaling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of dendritic spine maturation in the cerebral cortex neurons.
Fiber multiplexing of diode laser spectroscopy-based gas detectors (1995)

Time-domain (TDM) and frequency-domain (FDM) multiplexing techniques for near-IR diode laser spectroscopy based gas sensors are described. Three multiplexing techniques are demonstrated on a passive optical fiber network with four sensors. Absorption sensitivities varying from 2.5%, for a direct detection TDM systems, to 0.01% for a frequency modulation spectroscopy FDM system, are demonstrated.
Asymmetric Michael reactions of 3,5-dihydro-4H-dinaphth[2,1-c:1',2'-e]azepine with methyl crotonate (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric Michael reactions of 3,5-dihydro-4H-dinaphth[2,1-c:1',2'-e]azepine with methyl crotonateJoel M. Hawkins and Gregory C. FuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 14, 2820–2822Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00364a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00364a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1054Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of mRNA coding for blood-stage antigens of a rodent malarial parasite, Plasmodium yoelii: mRNA coding for a possible protective antigen purify as poly A-. (1984)

We have analyzed mRNA coding for blood-stage antigens of Plasmodium yoelii by using cellfree translation of poly A+ and poly A- RNA in conjunction with immunoprecipitations. Most of the antigens recognized by mouse hyperimmune serum to P. yoelii were coded by poly A+ mRNA ranging in size from 15S to 28S. However, certain P. yoelii antigens, notably those with m.w. greater than 150 kilodaltons (kd), were coded by mRNA that purified as being poly A-. Antigens recognized by a protective monoclonal antibody (McAb) were coded by such operationally poly A- RNA. Three polypeptides apparently coded by different poly A- RNA were immunoprecipitated by this McAb. With the use of another McAb, a poly A+ mRNA of about 19S was identified as coding for a polypeptide of 46 kd synthesized in cellfree translation reactions. The same McAb recognized a 34 kd polypeptide in metabolically labeled polypeptides of P. yoelii. This antigen appeared to be processed in vivo but not in vitro. The observation that some mRNA of P. yoelii purify as being poly A- has significant implications for the construction of cDNA libraries that employ poly A+ mRNA of malarial parasites: if it applies to other species of plasmodia, some potentially important operationally poly A- mRNA may not be represented in such libraries.
NON‐DESTRUCTIVE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE THERMAL MATURITY AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOURCE ROCKS (2018)

Source rocks consist of diverse lithofacies whose composition can vary according to the depositional environment and the provenance of the sediment composing the rock matrix. In general, the rock fabric is made up of very fine grained, laminated and non‐laminated intervals composed of authigenic, detrital and biogenic minerals, together with organic matter consisting of kerogen, bitumen and pyrobitumen. During burial, exposure to elevated temperatures and pressures transforms the kerogen in a source rock into hydrocarbons. This transformation is tracked according to different stages of maturity, and results in increases in both the porosity and aromaticity of the kerogen within the rock and the formation of pyrobitumen. Little is understood about how these changes affect the mechanical properties of the organic matter contained in the rock, or to what degree this also influences bulk rock mechanical moduli. Understanding this relationship is essential to determine the production potential of a “source rock reservoir”, i.e. an unconventional self‐sourced reservoir from which oil and gas can be recovered through hydraulic fracturing of the rock matrix. Direct measurement of the mechanical properties of organic matter in relation to its thermogenic transformation, however, is a challenge due to the small size of the materials composing the rock fabric, especially with source rocks that are finely laminated. To explore this relationship, the results of a non‐destructive, dual‐mode examination of source rock maturity and kerogen mechanical properties is presented using Raman spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), respectively. The analysed samples (n = 5) are a Silurian source rock from the Middle East. The results demonstrate the ability to measure both mechanical moduli and thermal maturity of organic components in intact source rock samples which range in maturity from the catagenesis through the metagenesis stages i.e %R o from 0.6 to 1.6. These techniques provide an opportunity to examine kerogen, bitumen and pyrobitumen properties at the micro‐ and nano‐scale using intact rock samples without disruption of the rock fabric, which readily occurs with conventional bulk core analysis techniques.
Government Antitrust Actions and Remedies Involving Foreign Commerce: Procedural and Substantive Limitations (1982)

In recent years, application of American antitrust laws to activities in foreign commerce has been a source of controversy. In this article, Mr. Holmes addresses criticisms directed at the application of the antirtust laws to commercial activities abroad, and argues that these criticisms, while not without some merit, often fail to recognize the procedural and substantive limitations which have recently been imposed upon government agencies. Mr. Holmes discusses these limitations at length.
N‐Linked Glycans of Chloroviruses Sharing a Core Architecture without Precedent (2015)

N-glycosylation is a fundamental modification of proteins and exists in the three domains of life and in some viruses, including the chloroviruses, for which a new type of core N-glycan is herein described. This N-glycan core structure, common to all chloroviruses, is a pentasaccharide with a β-glucose linked to an asparagine residue which is not located in the typical sequon N-X-T/S. The glucose is linked to a terminal xylose unit and a hyperbranched fucose, which is in turn substituted with a terminal galactose and a second xylose residue. The third position of the fucose unit is always linked to a rhamnose, which is a semiconserved element because its absolute configuration is virus-dependent. Additional decorations occur on this core N-glycan and represent a molecular signature for each chlorovirus.
Study of ohmic contacts to n-type Ge: Snowplow and laser activation (2011)

Typical contacts to n-Ge result in high specific contact resistivity (ρC) or rectifying behaviour due to Fermi level pinning (resulting in high barrier heights) and low dopant activation generally observed for n-Ge. In this work, we fabricated and studied ohmic contacts to n-type Ge prepared by Ni germanidation of samples with As ion implantation for two different approaches: (1) dopant activation by sub-melt laser anneal (LA) prior to germanidation and (2) Snowplow, i.e., dopant segregation during Ni germanidation without previous thermal activation. Low resistivity ohmic contacts of 8 × 10−7 Ω cm2 for LA and 2 × 10−5 Ω cm2 for Snowplow were obtained using circular transfer length method to determine ρC. We show contacts to be thermally stable to 350 °C. Furthermore, by studying the temperature dependence of ρC, we clarify that the underlying cause of the low contact resistivity for both approaches is the high active dopant concentration obtained. We find the results in both cases to be consistent with the thermionic field-emission mechanism for a barrier height of 0.75 eV and with active dopant concentrations of 3 × 1019 cm−3 for LA and 1.5 × 1019 cm−3 for Snowplow samples.
Enhancing Immersive Cinematic Experience with Augmented Virtuality (2016)

Watching spherical panorama movies is one of the applications of head mounted displays, especially the growing number of lowcost consumer devices. In this poster, we show how to enhance a personal immersive cinematic experience by embedding the user's body in the movie scene using Augmented Virtuality technology. User embodiment, transitioning between real and virtual spaces, and adding interactivity are the main benefits of our approach. We present a proof of concept prototype, and summarize the findings from a focus group held to collect feedback from potential users. These insights will help developers who are creating immersive cinematic experiences.
Tamm‐Horsfall protein: a multilayered defence molecule against urinary tract infection (2005)

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common nonepidemic bacterial infection in humans, representing a constant danger for the host. Both innate and adaptive components of the immune system as well as stromal cells including bladder epithelium are involved in the prevention and clearance of UTI. However, the particular properties of the urogenital tract, which does not comprise typical physical barriers like a mucus or ciliated epithelium, necessitate soluble mediators with potent immunomodulatory capabilities. One candidate molecule capable of both mediating direct antimicrobial activity and alerting immune cells is the evolutionary conserved Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP). Tamm-Horsfall protein is exclusively produced by the kidney in the distal loop of Henle; however, its definite physiological function remains elusive. Mounting evidence indicates that beyond a mere direct antimicrobial activity, THP exerts potent immunoregulatory activity. Furthermore, the genetic ablation of the THP gene leads to severe infection and lethal pyelonephritis in an experimental model of UTI. Recent data are provided demonstrating that THP links the innate immune response with specific THP-directed cell-mediated immunity. In light of these novel findings we discuss the particular role of THP as a specialized defence molecule. We propose an integrated model of protective mechanisms against UTI where THP acts by two principle nonmutually exclusive mechanisms involving the capture of potentially dangerous microbes and the ability of this peculiar glycoprotein to induce robust protective immune responses against uropathogenic bacteria.
Temperature dependence of the ruby luminescence method for measuring high pressures (1992)

Pressures in diamond-anvil high-pressure cells often are determined by measuring ruby emission spectra because the R1 luminescence has high quantum efficiency and frequency of the R1 band shifts almost linearly with pressure, independent of temperature. To more than 600 K, pressures can be precisely determined by measuring luminescence spectra at ambient and high pressures at the same temperature. The temperature dependence of the frequency of the R1 line is not simple, and empirical approximations have been developed so that a pressure at a known temperature might be estimated from measurements of spectra at that P and T and at ambient pressure and one temperature; that is, without measuring the R1 line at ambient pressure at each temperature. Measurements reported here show that, between 100 and 260 K, pressures computed by using empirical approximations calibrated near ambient temperature may be in error from 0.1 to several GPa. The temperature dependence of the R1 line is accurately described by the function suggested by McCumber and Sturge [J. Appl. Phys. 34, 1682 (1963)]. Measurements at several temperatures between 100 and at least 400 K are needed to evaluate the precise parameters of this function appropriate for a particular spectrometer and ruby. Therefore, it is often practical for studies at pressures to a few GPa simply to determine the wavelength of the R1 line at a given temperature and ambient pressure by measuring it.
Changes in Reciprocal Inhibition Across the Ankle Joint With Changes in External Load and Pedaling Rate During Bicycling (2003)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of reciprocal inhibition in the regulation of antagonistic ankle muscles during bicycling. A total of 20 subjects participated in the study. Reciprocal inhibition was induced by stimulation of the peroneal nerve (PN) at 1.2 times threshold for the M-response in the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) and recorded as a depression of the rectified soleus (SOL) EMG. Recordings were made during tonic plantar flexion and during bicycling on an ergometer bicycle. During tonic contraction, the amount of inhibition in the SOL EMG was linearly correlated to the amount of background EMG. This linear relation was used to calculate the expected amount of reciprocal inhibition at corresponding EMG levels during bicycling. During the early phase of down-stroke of bicycling at 60 revolutions per minute (RPM) and an external load of 1.0 kg, the amount of recorded reciprocal inhibition was significantly smaller than that calculated from the linear relation during tonic contraction. In nine subjects, the SOL H-reflex was used to evaluate the amount of inhibition. At a short conditioning test interval (2-3 ms), the PN stimulation depressed the SOL H-reflex when the subjects were at rest. This short latency inhibition was absent during downstroke, but appeared during upstroke just prior to and during TA activation. A positive linear relation was found between the level of SOL background EMG in early downstroke and the external load (0.5-2.5 kg) as well as the rate of pedaling (30-90 RPM at 1.0 kg external load). The amount of inhibition in the SOL EMG when expressed as a percentage of the background EMG activity decreased significantly with increasing load. During increased pedaling rate, a similar decrease was seen, but it did not reach a statistically significant level. The data illustrate that reciprocal inhibition of the soleus muscle is modulated during bicycling being small in downstroke when the SOL muscle is active and large in upstroke where the muscle is inactive and its antagonist becomes active. The depression of the inhibition in relation to increased load and pedaling rate likely reflects the need of reducing inhibition of the SOL motoneurons to ensure a sufficient activation of the muscle.
Adjuvant Gemcitabine Plus Docetaxel Followed by Doxorubicin Versus Observation for High-Grade Uterine Leiomyosarcoma: A Phase III NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (2018)

Despite international collaboration to test the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in uterine-confined leiomyosarcoma, this study was closed for accrual futility. Although the sample size precludes robust statistical comparison, observed OS and recurrence-free survival data do not show superior outcomes with adjuvant chemotherapy.