gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ovulatory and Reproductive Characteristics of Sows Treated with an Intravaginal GNRH Agonist Gel (2005)

This study was designed to test the reproductive and ovulatory characteristics of sows treated with Ovugel&amp;#174; (EIEICO, Radnor, PA), a gel containing a GnRH agonist (Triptorelin) administered intravaginally. The treatment groups received 100&amp;#956;g of GnRH agonist intravaginally in varying viscosities of the gel, .6%(n=12), .9%(n=12), 1.2%(n=12), and 1.5%(n=12) respectively. A positive control group (n=11) received saline containing 100&amp;#956;g of GnRH agonist while the control sows (n=12) received a vehicle of the 1.2% gel and at 96h post weaning. Jugular cannulas were placed 48 hours before administration of the treatment. Blood samples were taken every 6 hours before treatment, then every 2 hours for the first 12 hours after treatment, then every 6 hours for the next 18 hours. Estrus detection occurred every 6 hours through the entire study. Real time ultrasonography was conducted every 4 hours to determine the time of ovulation. Control sows were bred based on the onset of estrus and treatment sows were bred at +8 and +32 h after the gel was administered. All data was analyzed using SAS and the proc GLM procedure.\n\nTreatment Saline + GnRH\n\nControl 0.6% + GnRH\n\n0.9% + GnRh\n\n1.2% + GnRH\n\n1.5% + GnRH\n\nOvulation time (h)\n\n46.5&amp;#177;1.2\n\n43.8&amp;#177;5.4 43.8&amp;#177;2.0 41.2&amp;#177;3.3 43.5&amp;#177;1.8 44.5&amp;#177;1.5\n\nEstrus length (h)\n\n45.8&amp;#177;3.4 45.6&amp;#177;3.8 49.0&amp;#177;3.8 47&amp;#177;3.2 46.9&amp;#177;3.9 55.1&amp;#177;3.9\n\nLH surge (0-30h post treatment) 7/10 5/8 7/10 9/11 8/10 8/9\n\nFarrowing Rate 8/8\n\n9/9 11/12 10/12 11/12 10/11\n\nLitter Size\n\n12.9&amp;#177;0.7 9&amp;#177;3.1.2 11&amp;#177;1.3 11.6&amp;#177;1.0 11&amp;#177;0.5 10.6&amp;#177;1.4\n\nThere were no differences in treatments in ovulation time from the onset of estrus or administration of Ovugel&amp;#174; (p=0.28), estrus length (p=.60), farrowing rate (p=0.80), litter size (p=0.35), or LH surge (p=0.49). However, variation associated with ovulation time was significantly reduced (p=0.01) for saline, 1.2%, and 1.5% treatments compared with controls. The duration of estrus was greater for the 1.5% gel with the triptorelin than the sows receiving only the 1.2% gel (p=0.04). The intravaginal absorption of GnRH in Ovugel&amp;#174; or saline along with a timed insemination program is an effective method to reduce the interval over which ovulation occurs without overtly decreasing fertility.\n\nKEY WORDS: ovulation, GnRH agonist, swine
Development of the Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Prediction Model for Risk-Adjusting Mortality* (2019)

The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Prediction model represents a model for predicting in-hospital mortality among children receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for any indication. Consequently, it holds promise as the first comprehensive pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation risk stratification model which is important for benchmarking extracorporeal membrane oxygenation outcomes across many centers.
Improving Drug Discovery with Contextual Assays and Cellular Systems Analysis (2011)

Despite rapid growth in our knowledge of potential disease targets following completion of the first drafts of the human genome over 10 years ago, the success rate of new therapeutic discovery has been frustratingly low. In addition to the widely reported costs and single-digit success rate of the entire drug discovery and development process, it has recently been estimated that even the preliminary process of transitioning new targets to preclinical development succeeds in less than 3% of attempts [Vogel (ed.) Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays. 3rd ed. Springer, Berlin (2007)]. At these early stages of development, poor understanding of therapeutic mechanisms and lack of compound selectivity are often to blame for failed compounds. It is worth noting than the emerging class of nucleic acid-based therapeutics, including miRNA and RNAi, are likely to be even more prone to unexpected system-wide and off-target activities. For all therapeutic approaches, it is clear that discovery strategies permitting the assessment of drug targets in their native context are required. At the same time, these strategies need to retain the high throughput of current reductionist approaches to enable broad assessment of chemical space for small molecule and genetic therapeutics. We describe here an integrated system based on high-content cellular analysis combined with system-wide pathway interrogation. The platform can be applied to novel therapeutic target and drug candidate identification, and for providing detailed mechanistic and selectivity information at an early stage of development.
3-D companding using linear arrays for improved strain imaging (2002)

Three-dimensional (3-D) companding is applied to volume sets of RF echo signals to reduce decorrelation noise in strain images. Companding conditions echo signals to be cross-correlated to improve coherence and minimize decorrelation noise caused by complex 3-D motion. Previously, the authors showed that 2-D companding was able to eliminate decorrelation noise in strain images up to 50% compression if the out-of-plane displacement was negligible. This paper extends those methods to three dimensions, thus reducing the need to control boundary conditions. 3-D companding is also limited at high compressions (>5%) because of high strain gradients and rotation and shearing motions. A series of phantom studies illustrate the advantages and limitation of 3-D companding with and without aberrating layers.
264 Field Test of Sound Machine Shows Significant Improvement in Perceived Sleep but Not Objective Sleep (2021)

Abstract Introduction Ambient sound can mask external environmental noise, reducing sleep disturbances. Recently there has been a call for research with objective sleep measures examining noise as a sleep aid. This study investigated whether using a sound machine (Sound+Sleep SE) would improve sleep in healthy adults whose objective sleep data indicated difficulty falling asleep or waking up frequently during the night. In-home field testing provides insight into the effectiveness of sleep products under real-life conditions, yielding more ecologically valid results. Methods A within-subjects, pre-post intervention design was implemented, comparing a 2-week baseline period to 2 weeks of nightly product use. Participants (n=30) measured their sleep nightly using SleepScore by ResMed technology. Sleep experience questionnaires were completed before and after product use. Participants were instructed to use their preferred settings and sound options for the duration of the product use period and to refrain from using other types of sounds for sleep. Multilevel regression and paired t-tests were used to test for statistical significance. Results Across participants (63% male; age 28-72, avg. 53), there were 725 nights of tracked sleep. Multilevel analyses revealed no significant differences in objectively-measured sleep outcomes. However, improvements were seen in many aspects of self-reported sleep while using the sound machine: 30% decrease in perceived minutes to fall asleep (p&amp;lt;.05); 76% increase in perceived ability to sleep through the night (p&amp;lt;.001); 37% increase in perceived sleep quality (p&amp;lt;.01); and 46% increase in feeling rested upon waking in the morning (p&amp;lt;.001). Additionally, at the beginning of the study, 60% of participants reported having racing thoughts or worrying when trying to fall asleep. While using the sound machine, only 30% of participants experienced this concern. Conclusion Participants perceived a variety of benefits from sound machine use, even though these improvements were not observed in their objective sleep data. Given that adjustment to any product used during sleep varies from person to person, it is possible that changes in the objective sleep data might have been observed if the product use period had been longer. This study adds to the ongoing discussion of using noise as a sleep aid. Support (if any) ASTI
Tri-tert-butylmethylsilane (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTri-tert-butylmethylsilaneR. J. Wroczynski, Linda D. Iroff, and Kurt MislowCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 21, 4236–4237Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00415a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00415a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Three-Dimensional Structures of PDE4D in Complex with Roliprams and Implication on Inhibitor Selectivity (2021)

AbstractSelective inhibitors against the 11 families of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are used to treat various human diseases. How the inhibitors selectively bind the conserved PDE catalytic domains is unknown. The crystal structures of the PDE4D2 catalytic domain in complex with (R)- or (R,S)-rolipram suggest that inhibitor selectivity is determined by the chemical nature of amino acids and subtle conformational changes of the binding pockets. The conformational states of Gln369 in PDE4D2 may play a key role in inhibitor recognition. The corresponding Y329S mutation in PDE7 may lead to loss of the hydrogen bonds between rolipram and Gln369 and is thus a possible reason explaining PDE7's insensitivity to rolipram inhibition. Docking of the PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil into the PDE4 catalytic pocket further helps understand inhibitor selectivity.
Generalized Channel Inversion Methods for Multiuser MIMO Systems (2009)

Block diagonalization (BD) is a well-known precoding method in multiuser multi-input multi-output (MIMO) broadcast channels. This scheme can be considered as a extension of the zero-forcing (ZF) channel inversion to the case where each receiver is equipped with multiple antennas. One of the limitation of the BD is that the sum rate does not grow linearly with the number of users and transmit antennas at low and medium signal-to-noise ratio regime, since the complete suppression of multi-user interference is achieved at the expense of noise enhancement. Also it performs poorly under imperfect channel state information. In this paper, we propose a generalized minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) channel inversion algorithm for users with multiple antennas to overcome the drawbacks of the BD for multiuser MIMO systems. We first introduce a generalized ZF channel inversion algorithm as a new approach of the conventional BD. Applying this idea to the MMSE channel inversion for identifying orthonormal basis vectors of the precoder, and employing the MMSE criterion for finding its combining matrix, the proposed scheme increases the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio at each user's receiver. Simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme exhibits a linear growth of the sum rate, as opposed to the BD scheme. For block fading channels with four transmit antennas, the proposed scheme provides a 3 dB gain over the conventional BD scheme at 1% frame error rate. Also, we present a modified precoding method for systems with channel estimation errors and show that the proposed algorithm is robust to channel estimation errors.
AADE 2009-NTCE-08-02: ADVANCES IN MIXING TECHNOLOGY IMPROVE DRILLING FLUID PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES (2009)

Industry has long recognized the importance of providing high-quality fluids for drilling, completion and production operations. With continuous developments of oilfield chemistry, these fluids have become increasingly complex and many of the chemical additives are hard to disperse or emulsify in solution. Traditional mixing techniques, such as circulating the fluid through jet nozzles or impellers, are becoming less satisfactory in achieving the desired properties for polymer-based drilling fluids. The mixing techniques used today are required to better disperse the chemical additives, but be gentle enough to preserve their long polymer chains and chemical structure. The mixing process and apparatus needs to be easily utilized at both onshore fluid mixing plants and at the rig-site. Both process and equipment must be economical, safe and environmentally responsible. Multifarious chemical processes and mechanical engineering evaluations have allowed the effects of high-shear mixing on water-, oil- and synthetic-based drilling fluid systems to be determined. In addition, laboratory studies have evaluated potential shear degradation of polyacrylic and xanthan polymer systems using several high-shear mixer designs. Through these studies, based on their superior technical performance and cost effectiveness, a multi-stage rotor-stator highshear mixer was selected as the most appropriate mixing apparatus to prepare drilling fluids. Full-scale testing proved these mixers to be effective and economically acceptable new solutions to drilling fluid preparation by alleviating problems of partially-dispersed or partiallyhydrated chemicals or poor emulsification. Because of low operating pressures, these units are considered safer than a high-pressure jet nozzle. The fluids prepared exhibited the required rheological properties through better chemical dispersion and produced stronger emulsions through the application of high shear, while remaining stable over longer periods. Performance data using single-stage and multi-stage mixers in the preparation of drilling fluids is discussed. Polymer degradation by high shear is confirmed and the data shows that using the proposed mixing devices provides sufficient energy for efficient mixing without polymer degradation. The use of multi-stage rotor-stator high-shear mixers is confirmed as a very powerful and beneficial tool to improve drilling fluid preparation.
Engineering for the Customer: Combining Preference and Physical System Models. Part II—Application (1995)

SUMMARY This paper describes an application of a methodology to engineer for customer preference. The methodology is illustrated with an example from automobile door design. Customer preference for solidness of closing-sound is addressed. A model is developed to quantify closing-sound preference, and also the preference for closing-sound/cost trade-off. The model also links customer preference to specific system responses, allowing the designer to address these physical responses. An improved door design is suggested and compared to the current design. The preferred design is selected based on customer preference. The customer preference model was developed using a jury representing customers. A number quantifying preference for closing-sound was assigned to several doors. These doors were then measured for closing-sound pressure time-history. Several factors in the time histories were quantified, and the preference value was regressed on them. A strong correlation was found with one factor, high frequency content. A subsequent assessment for closing-sound/cost pairs quantified trade-off preference. Using regression, a multi-attribute preference function was estimated. The estimated preference model allowed comparison of design concepts based on customer preference.
Potency of Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to Different Combined HIV-1 Immunogens in a Humanized Murine Model (2005)

In this study, cell-mediated immune responses were evaluated in HLA-A2.1 mice that received polycistronic vector expressing HIV-1 gp120, gag and pol or single vectors expressing gp120 + gag/pol as well as recombinant structural proteins and adjuvants. Mice primed with the polycistronic DNA/CpG and boosted with the same regimen plus proteins induced a higher T-cell proliferative response to gp120. However, a very high frequency of IFN-gamma was detected in mice receiving the mixture of gp120 + gag/pol DNA constructs, recombinant proteins and CpG. We also measured specific CD8+T cells in PBMCs by intracellular cytokine and HLA-A2.1-peptide dimer staining in response to HLA-A2.1-restricted HIV-1 epitopes (gp120, gag and pol). The group that received single gp120 + gag/pol DNA constructs, recombinant proteins and CpG had a higher CD8+T cell response to the combination of peptides compared to the other groups that received the polycistronic construct. The present study reveals an optimal combination of immunogens to enhance immune responses against HIV-1.
Supplementary Table 4 from Chemosensitivity Profiles Identify Polymorphisms in the p53 Network Genes 14-3-3τ and CD44 That Affect Sarcoma Incidence and Survival (2023)

Supplementary Table 4 from Chemosensitivity Profiles Identify Polymorphisms in the p53 Network Genes 14-3-3τ and CD44 That Affect Sarcoma Incidence and Survival
Ibudilast in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (2010)

This interventional study provides Class III evidence on the effect of ibudilast on disease activity.
True‐blue laser diodes grown by plasma‐assisted MBE on bulk GaN substrates (2014)

Abstract We present nitride based laser diodes (LDs) grown by plasma‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy. In this work we investigate influence of epitaxial structure on LDs pa‐rameters. In particular we compare LDs with and without AlGaN cladding layers operating at 430 to 460 nm. We show results of waveguide simulations which explain the increasing threshold current density of longer wavelength LDs. The PAMBE LD with InGaN waveguides and AlGaN bottom cladding has threshold current density of 4.3 kA/cm 2 and slope efficiency of 0.56 W/A. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
[Immunosuppressive therapy in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy--a critical analysis]. (1989)

Clinical and experimental examinations suggest that autoimmunological mechanisms may play an important role in the pathogenesis of postmyocarditic cardiomyopathy. These may be due to the viral infection itself or may be induced by the viral persistence. Following these ideas an immunosuppressive therapy to prevent the progression of myocarditis to dilative cardiomyopathy is discussed. Since the introduction of endomyocardial biopsies in the diagnosis of myocarditis several papers reported trials of an immunosuppressive therapy in histologically proven myocarditis. But all of these studies were not randomized and only a limited number of patients were treated. Both the primary diagnosis, "myocarditis", as well as the histological findings to evaluate the course of the disease are not well defined and therefore were used differently in the studies published so far. Moreover, the regimens used for immunosuppressive therapy until now were not standardized, thus making it impossible to compare the various studies. Another important problem is the often observed spontaneous remission of histologically proven myocarditis. It may be that it is due to these factors that the results published so far report quite different success rates for the immunosuppressive therapy in myocarditis. Recent scientific findings indicate that the combination of virological, histological, immunohistological and immunological examinations will allow a marked improvement in the finding of the diagnosis and the further control of the course of myocarditis in the near future. But as long as no significant results about the clinical advantage of immunosuppressive therapy in myocarditis exist a general use of immunosuppressive therapy should be avoided. It is to be hoped that the doubleblind-randomized multicenter studies now in progress will provide definite results about the use of immunosuppressive therapy in myocarditis.
Distributed resource allocation for DS-CDMA-based multimedia ad hoc wireless LANs (1999)

Power control in direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) systems and power/rate allocation in multirate DS-CDMA based networks is an open and interesting research area which has attracted much attention. However, with a few exceptions, most researchers have emphasized centralized resource allocation algorithms for cellular systems where the base station keeps track of the requirements of the various users and is thus responsible for the management of network resources. Ad hoc wireless local area networks (WLANs), on the other hand, are generally configured as peer-to-peer networks with no centralized hub or controller. Thus resource allocation has to be conducted in a distributed fashion. We address the issue of distributed resource management for multirate DS-CDMA based multimedia WLANs by (1) presenting a distributed resource allocation protocol, known as distributed resource negotiation protocol (DRNP) that builds on the RTS/CTS bandwidth reservation mechanism provided by IEEE 802.111, and provides quality of service (QoS) guarantees through distributed control of resources in DS-CDMA based multimedia WLANs and (2) investigating the performance of various resource allocation schemes within the context of DRNP, in terms of network wide metrics such as overall throughput and blocking rates.
Medium Scale Integration of Molecular Logic Gates in an Automaton (2006)

The assembly of molecular automata that perform increasingly complex tasks, such as game playing, presents an unbiased test of molecular computation. We now report a second-generation deoxyribozyme-based automaton, MAYA-II, which plays a complete game of tic-tac-toe according to a perfect strategy. In silicon terminology, MAYA-II represents the first "medium-scale integrated molecular circuit", integrating 128 deoxyribozyme-based logic gates, 32 input DNA molecules, and 8 two-channel fluorescent outputs across 8 wells.
Induction of Pyrophosphate:Fructose 6-Phosphate 1-Phosphotransferase by Anoxia in Rice Seedlings (1990)

Rice (Oryza sativa) seeds were imbibed for 3 days and the seedlings were further incubated for 8 days in the presence of either air or nitrogen. In aerobiosis, the specific activity of pyrophosphate:fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase and that of the ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase increased about fourfold. In anaerobiosis, the specific activity of ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase remained stable, whereas that of pyrophosphate:fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase increased as much as in the presence of oxygen and there was also a fourfold increase in the concentration of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, a potent stimulator of that enzyme. These data suggest a preferential involvement of pyrophosphate:fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase rather than of ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase in glycolysis during anaerobiosis.