gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification and Genome Analysis of Vibrio coralliilyticus Causing Mortality of Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Larvae (2020)

<i>Vibrio coralliilyticus</i> is known as a coral pathogen that also infects marine bivalve larvae worldwide. It is considered to be one of the major constraints in artificial marine bivalve seed production as it causes mortality. In this study, we first isolated and characterized a high virulent of <i>V. coralliilyticus</i> designated as SNUTY-1 that was the cause of Pacific oyster larvae mortality in Korea. In the pathogenicity test, exposure to 2.14 × 10<sup>5</sup> CFU/mL for 24 h caused mortality to 88.65 ± 2.4% of the tested healthy Pacific oyster larvae. SNUTY-1 showed anti-microbial resistance to β-lactams, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems. We sequenced and assembled the complete genome of SNUTY-1 (5,842,676 bp), consisting of two chromosomes (Chr I and Chr II) and two plasmids (pSNUTY1 and pSNUTY2). The COG functional analysis confirmed that Chr I had more genes associated with basic cellular functions in comparison to Chr II. The results of the phylogenetic trees based on OrthoANI values indicated that the SNUTY-1 was closely related to <i>V. coralliilyticus</i> strains. SNUTY-1 had a unique plasmid (pSNUTY2), which could mean that the Korean isolate is different from other sequenced <i>V. coralliilyticus</i> strains from different geographical origins. Toxic proteins such as cytolysin/hemolysin and extracellular metalloprotease genes were encoded on Chr I and Chr II of SNUTY-1. These data facilitate the control of <i>V. coralliilyticus</i> infections in aquaculture by providing valuable insights into the biodiversity of this organism and valuable information for the study of virulence factors.
Fundamental Properties of Amphoteric Surfactant 3-(N'-Acyl)-aminopropyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-carboxymethyl Betaine. (1996)

A new amphoteric betaine-type surfactant of 3- (N' -acyl) -aminopropyl-N, N-dimethyl-N-carboxymethyl betaine (Cn-APNB) was prepared, whose biodegradation and hydrolysis pose no environmental problems. The physicochemical properties and surface activities such as critical micelle concentration (cmc), surface tension, foaming power, sedimentation and surface potential (adsorption) of TiO2 particles in the presence of the surfactant were measured and biodegradability and antimicrobial features were also evaluated. The mixed system of Cn-APNB with soap exhibited synergistic effect on surface tension and foaming power at a weight ratio of 1 : 9. Antimicrobial activity forward Escherichia coli and Enterococcus was weakened by the introduction of an amidopropyl group and effects on the aquatic environment were minimized.
Two-Dimensional Iterative Sampling Frequency Offset Estimation for MB-OFDM System (2006)

In this paper, we introduce a novel sampling offset estimation scheme based on iterative two-dimensional estimation principle for Multi-band Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MB-OFDM) system. The proposed scheme estimates the sampling frequency offset through the phase distortion of pilot sub-carriers in each OFDM symbol and improves the accuracy by averaging the estimate from each pilot sub-carrier across both the sub-carrier dimension and the symbol dimension. Through analysis and simulation, we show that the proposed scheme is superior to existing schemes in minimizing the performance degradation due to sampling frequency offset in MB-OFDM system effectively, especially in long packet transmission.
Synthesis, Redox, and Amphiphilic Properties of Responsive Salycilaldimine-Copper(II) Soft Materials (2008)

Hydrolysis of the asymmetric pyridine- and phenol-containing ligand HL (1) (2-hydroxy-4-6-di- tert-butylbenzyl-2-pyridylmethyl)imine) led to the use of bis-(3,5-di -tert-butyl-2-phenolato-benzaldehyde)copper(II), [Cu (II)(L (SAL)) 2] ( 1) as a precursor for bis-(2,4-di- tert-butyl-6-octadecyliminomethyl-phenolato)copper(II), [Cu (II)(L (2)) 2] ( 3), bis-(2,4-di- tert-butyl-6-octadecyl aminomethyl-phenolato)copper(II), [Cu (II)(L (2A)) 2] ( 3'), and bis-(2,4-di- tert-butyl-6-[(3,4,5-tris-dodecyloxy-phenylimino)-methyl]-phenolato)copper(II), [Cu (II)(L (3)) 2] ( 4). These complexes exhibit hydrophilic copper-containing head groups, hydrophobic alkyl and alkoxo tails, and present potential as precursors for redox-responsive Langmuir-Blodgett films. All systems were characterized by means of elemental, spectrometric, spectroscopic, and electrochemical techniques, and their amphiphilic properties were probed by means of compression isotherms and Brewster angle microscopy. Good redox activity was observed for 3 with two phenoxyl radical processes between 0.5 and 0.8 V vs Fc (+)/Fc, but this complex lacks amphiphilic behavior. To attain good balance between redox response and amphiphilicity, increased core flexibility in 3' and incorporation of alkoxy chains in 4 were attempted. Film formation with collapse at 14 mN.m (-1) was observed for the alkoxy-derivative but redox-response was seriously compromised. Core flexibility improved Langmuir film formation with a higher formal collapse and showed excellent cyclability of the ligand-based processes.
<title>Photopolymer recording materials for holography: some recent developments</title> (1993)

The use of highly viscous formulations based on multifunctional acrylates and on various sensitizers allows holograms to be recorded through a photochemically induced polymerization. After a preillumination under homogeneous deep UV exposure, these materials are able to generate a tridimensional network in the cavity of which residual monomers can diffuse easily. When irradiated holographically, these systems become more and more rigid and reach, ultimately, a stage of complete photochemical inertness so that they do not require any chemical or physical post-treatment. Depending on the structure of the sensitizer, the range of sensitivity extends over the visible and near infrared up to 850 nm. At best, no more than 30 mJ/cm<SUP>-2</SUP> are required to record a permanent hologram at 514 nm.
Folding, Tessellation, and Deployment of an Origami-Inspired Active-Material-Enabled Self-Folding Reflector Antenna (2018)

The effects of tessellation facet size and focal length to diameter ratio on the radiation pattern of an origami-inspired parabolic reflector antenna are presented. Tessellations are determined from the discretization of a parabolic dish into an approximate faceted structure. Varying levels of discretization are analyzed for their impact on antenna behavior. Structural and electromagnetic modeling and simulation tools are presented for their applications in origami-based designs. A structural prototype is presented to demonstrate manufacturing and folding abilities.
A novel ex vivo perfusion-based mandibular pig model for dental product testing and training (2023)

We established face and content validity in a novel perfusion-based mandibular surgery model. This model can be used as an alternative for animal studies evaluating new biomaterials and related dental and maxillofacial surgical procedural training.
Benzimidazole- and Dicarboximide-ResistantBotrytis cinereafrom Pennsylvania Greenhouses (1992)

Botrytis cinerea was isolated from infected plants collected in 13 different greenhouses in Pennsylvania. The linear growth rates of the isolates and sensitivities to the benzimidazole fungicide, benomyl, and the dicarboximide fungicide, vinclozolin, were assessed in vitro. The area under the disease progress curve and sensitivity to benomyl and vinclozolin were assessed on geranium leaf disks (Pelargonium × hortorum cv. Red Elite). Isolates with resistance to benomyl were found in all 13 facilities, and double resistance to benomyl and vinclozolin was detected in isolates from six greenhouses(.)
Direct comparison of the accuracy of preoperative high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T to predict mortality, acute heart failure and perioperative myocardial infarction/injury after non-cardiac surgery (2020)

Abstract Background Death, acute heart failure (AHF) and perioperative myocardial infarction/injury (PMI) are the most relevant cardiovascular complications following non-cardiac surgery. Unfortunately, the incidence of these complications are higher than expected. Currently available tools to predict these complications have only modest accuracy. Purpose To determine the accuracy of preoperative high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) concentrations for prediction of mortality, AHF and PMI after non-cardiac surgery. Methods We prospectively included 4,709 patients at high cardiovascular risk undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Hs-cTnT concentrations were measured before surgery and, daily after surgery, for two days. PMI was defined as an absolute increase of 14ng/L (the 99th percentile of the assay used) from hs-cTnT baseline values. The primary endpoint was the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative hs-cTnT concentration to predict death, AHF and PMI within 30 days, as quantified by the area under the receiving-operating curve (AUC). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to test the association between preoperative hs-cTnT and each endpoint. Results All-cause mortality occurred in 133 (3%), AHF in 84 (2%) and PMI in 742 (16%) patients. Preoperative hs-cTnT concentrations had good accuracy for prediction of death, AHF and PMI (AUC = 0.75 [95% CI, 0.71–0.79], 0.72 [95% CI, 0.67–0.77] and 0.73 [95% CI, 0.71–0.75], respectively). After adjusting for confounders, hs-cTnT remained an independent predictor for death with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 2.1 (95% CI, 1.7–2.7, P&amp;lt;0.001) and for PMI (aOR 2.2, 95% CI, 1.9–2.4, P&amp;lt;0.001), but not for AHF (aOR 1.0, 95% CI, 0.7–1.4, P=0.99). An hs-cTnT concentration below 5ng/L was found in 526 (11%) patients, and this cut-off yielded a negative predictive value of 99.6% for the occurrence of death, 99.2% for AHF and 95.6% for PMI. Conclusion The preoperative hs-cTnT concentration has a good accuracy to predict mortality, AHF and PMI after non-cardiac surgery, but is an independent predictor only for mortality and PMI. A cut-off value of 5ng/L identifies a subgroup of patients at low risk for these complications. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Swiss National Foundation, Swiss Herat Foundation
Perfluorocarbon emulsions radiosensitise brain tumors in carbogen breathing mice with orthotopic GL261 gliomas (2017)

IV injections of PFC emulsions followed by 1h carbogen breathing, radiosensitises GL261 intracranial tumors.
Quasi-monochromatic pencil beam of laser-driven protons generated using a conical cavity target holder (2012)

A 7 MeV proton beam collimated to 16 mrad containing more than 106 particles is experimentally demonstrated by focusing a 2 J, 60 fs pulse of a Ti:sapphire laser onto targets of different materials and thicknesses placed in a millimeter scale conical holder. The electric potential induced on the target holder by laser-driven electrons accelerates and dynamically controls a portion of a divergent quasi-thermal proton beam originated from the target, producing a quasi-monoenergetic “pencil” beam.
Composition of Tartrate Precipitates Deposited on Stainless Steel Tanks During the Cold Stabilization of Wines. Part I. White Wines (1999)

The crystallization of tartrate salts, mainly potassium hydrogen tartrate (KHT), is a major instability in wines. KHT solubility is largely dependent on the wine composition. Though the incidence of wine components is not fully understood, it is recognized that some of them may inhibit the KHT crystallization by adsorption on the crystal growth faces. The identification of the organic components which precipitate out with KHT is a potential approach to identify crystallization inhibitors. Moreover, it can improve the understanding of the KHT behavior in wine. The present study deals with the identification of organic compounds associated to KHT crystals obtained from the cold stabilization of two white wines. Tartrate esters of phenolic acids and polysaccharides accounted for 0.2% to 0.8% of the crystal dry weight. Among phenolic acids, a specific affinity of 2-S-glutathionylcaftaric toward the KHT crystal surfaces was observed and attributed to its glutathionyl moiety. Polysaccharide distribution in KHT crystals differed largely from that of the starting wines. Rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) and rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) had a peculiar behavior. RG-I adsorbed preferentially on the crystal surfaces, whereas RG-II was not detected. Arabinogalactans and mannoproteins were also associated with tartrate crystals, and may thus impede crystal growth. Yeast cells accounted for 2% of the dry matter and may act as heterogeneous nucleation germs.
Knowledge Enhanced Multi-Domain Recommendations in an AI Assistant Application (2023)

This work explores unifying knowledge enhanced recommendation with multi-domain recommendation systems in a conversational AI assistant application. Multi-domain recommendation leverages users' interactions in previous domains to improve recommendations in a new one. Knowledge graph enhancement seeks to use external knowledge graphs to improve recommendations within a single domain. Both research threads incorporate related information to improve the recommendation task. We propose to unify these approaches: using information from interactions in other domains as well as external knowledge graphs to make predictions in a new domain that would not be possible with either information source alone. We develop a new model and demonstrate the additive benefit of these approaches on a dataset derived from millions of users' queries for content across three domains (videos, music, and books) in a live virtual assistant application. We demonstrate significant improvement on overall recommendations as well as on recommendations for new users of a domain.
Challenges in conducting post-authorisation safety studies (PASS): A vaccine manufacturer's view (2017)

Post-authorisation safety studies (PASS) of vaccines assess or quantify the risk of adverse events following immunisation that were not identified or could not be estimated pre-licensure. The aim of this perspective paper is to describe the authors' experience in the design and conduct of twelve PASS that contributed to the evaluation of the benefit-risk of vaccines in real-world settings. We describe challenges and learnings from selected PASS of rotavirus, malaria, influenza, human papillomavirus and measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccines that assessed or identified potential or theoretical risks, which may lead to changes to risk management plans and/or to label updates. Study settings include the use of large healthcare databases and de novo data collection. PASS methodology is influenced by the background incidence of the outcome of interest, vaccine uptake, availability and quality of data sources, identification of the at-risk population and of suitable comparators, availability of validated case definitions, and the frequent need for case ascertainment in large databases. Challenges include the requirement for valid exposure and outcome data, identification of, and access to, adequate data sources, and mitigating limitations including bias and confounding. Assessing feasibility is becoming a key step to confirm that study objectives can be met in a timely manner. PASS provide critical information for regulators, public health agencies, vaccine manufacturers and ultimately, individuals. Collaborative approaches and synergistic efforts between vaccine manufacturers and key stakeholders, such as regulatory and public health agencies, are needed to facilitate access to data, and to drive optimal study design and implementation, with the aim of generating robust evidence.
Phycocyanin/PEG-<em>b</em>-(PG-<em>g</em>-PEI) attenuated hepatic ischemia/reperfusion-induced pancreatic islet injury and enlarged islet functionality (2019)

These results suggested that PEG-<i>b</i>-(PG-<i>g</i>-PEI) might be treated as a potential phycocyanin nanocarrier.
Common control channel allocation in cognitive radio networks through UWB communication (2012)

The implementation of a common control channel is one of the most challenging issues in cognitive radio networks, since a fully reliable control channel cannot be created without reserving bandwidth specifically for this purpose. In this paper, we investigate a promising solution that exploits the ultra wide band (UWB) technology to let cognitive radio nodes discover each other and exchange control information for establishing a communication link. The contribution of this paper is threefold: (i) We define the communication protocol needed to let cognitive radio nodes discover each other and exchange control information for link set up, (ii) we overcome the gap in coverage, which typically exists between UWB and long-medium range technologies, by using multi-hop communication, (iii) we evaluate the performance of our approach by adopting an accurate channel model and show its benefits with respect to an in-band signaling solution.
Linking heterometallic rings for quantum information processing and amusement (2011)

Linking polymetallic cages can be a method for creating new structures and new properties. In this tutorial review we use heterometallic anti-ferromagnetically coupled rings (AF-rings) as exemplars for three approaches that can be used to link cage compounds. The first of three routes involves an ion-pair interaction supported by hydrogen-bonding interactions, which allows the synthesis of hybrid rotaxanes among other materials. The second route involves functionalising the exterior of the AF-ring so that it will act as a Lewis base; complexes involving coordination of pyridine to bridging monometallic and dimetallic fragments are discussed. The third route involves creating a vacancy on one site of the AF-ring, and then using the ring as a Lewis acid. Di-imine ligands can then be used to link the AF-rings into dimers. A brief discussion of the physical properties of these systems is also included.
Cleaning and conditioning of the walls of plasma devices by glow discharges in hydrogen (1984)

Surface conditioning by rf-assisted dc glow (RG) discharges has been studied in a stainless steel vessel in order to optimize the rate of surface deoxidization via water formation. This is the simplest way to decontaminate the almost carbon-free surfaces of plasma devices which have been exposed to air after a prolonged operation in hydrogen. This rate depends strongly on the wall temperature TW, the pump speed Sp, the discharge current IRG, and the hydrogen pressure P2. It is small at ambient temperature; the conditioning should be made at TW&amp;gt;100 °C. Surface oxygen is removed, even at room temperature, when 1% to 2% of methane is added to the hydrogen. Carbon monoxide is formed and evacuated. The addition of He or Ne does not accelerate the oxygen removal from reoxidized surfaces. An equation derived from a simplified model describes the parametric dependences of the water release well. The occurrence of arcs during RG discharges depends on wall conditioning; they are not observed after a prolonged bakeout at 200 °C. The problems which arise when a residual gas analyzer is used to measure the partial pressures of water, carbon oxides, and hydrocarbons in hydrogen are addressed, and a conditioning technique which reduces the resulting errors is described.
Rhodobacter sphaeroides methionine sulfoxide reductase P reduces R - and S -diastereomers of methionine sulfoxide from a broad-spectrum of protein substrates (2018)

Methionine (Met) is prone to oxidation and can be converted to Met sulfoxide (MetO), which exists as <i>R</i>- and <i>S</i>-diastereomers. MetO can be reduced back to Met by the ubiquitous methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) enzymes. Canonical MsrA and MsrB were shown to be absolutely stereospecific for the reduction of <i>S</i>-diastereomer and <i>R-</i>diastereomer, respectively. Recently, a new enzymatic system, MsrQ/MsrP which is conserved in all gram-negative bacteria, was identified as a key actor for the reduction of oxidized periplasmic proteins. The haem-binding membrane protein MsrQ transmits reducing power from the electron transport chains to the molybdoenzyme MsrP, which acts as a protein-MetO reductase. The MsrQ/MsrP function was well established genetically, but the identity and biochemical properties of MsrP substrates remain unknown. In this work, using the purified MsrP enzyme from the photosynthetic bacteria <i>Rhodobacter sphaeroides</i> as a model, we show that it can reduce a broad spectrum of protein substrates. The most efficiently reduced MetO is found in clusters, in amino acid sequences devoid of threonine and proline on the C-terminal side. Moreover, <i>R. sphaeroides</i> MsrP lacks stereospecificity as it can reduce both <i>R</i>- and <i>S</i>-diastereomers of MetO, similarly to its <i>Escherichia coli</i> homolog, and preferentially acts on unfolded oxidized proteins. Overall, these results provide important insights into the function of a bacterial envelop protecting system, which should help understand how bacteria cope in harmful environments.
Data-Mining-Analysen mit der Matlab-Toolbox Gait-CAD (Data Mining Analyses with the Matlab Toolbox Gait-CAD) (2008)

Mit der umfassenden Aufzeichnung von Prozessdaten gewinnen Data-Mining-Algorithmen zunehmend an Bedeutung, um unbekannte oder nur teilweise bekannte strukturelle Zusammenhänge aus großen Datenmengen zu extrahieren. Allerdings fehlt bislang insbesondere für Zeitreihen eine einheitliche und komfortable Entwicklungs- und Anwendungsplattform, was einen Variantenvergleich verschiedener Verfahren und eine interaktive Arbeitsweise erschwert. Dieser Beitrag stellt die frei verfügbare Matlab-Toolbox Gait-CAD vor, die sich als offene Plattform für methodische Weiterentwicklungen und zur Spezifikation von Data-Mining-Algorithmen für verschiedene Anwendungsfelder eignet.
Modified antibodies (1991)

Antibodies have proved themselves to be extremely versatile and sensitive reagents for the detection and quantitation of an analyte. This is partly because the mechanisms for generating antibody diversity ensure that an immense range of different chemical structures can be recognised, with exquisite specificity, by the antibody population. This allows the analyst to select an individual antigen-targeted antibody and use it to distinguish the antigen from a complex background of closely related structures. Furthermore, the recognition properties of the antibody can be readily coupled to a detection mechanism which can quantitatively signal antigen binding by the antibody. There are now a wide-range of different physical and chemical detection mechanisms which can be employed to produce such a signal.
Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation with high spectral flatness in dispersion flattened tellurite all-solid hybrid microstructured optical fibers (2020)

Abstract Tellurite all-solid hybrid microstructured optical fibers are proposed for chromatic dispersion control. An ultra-flattened chromatic dispersion profile with variation as small as ±0.2 ps/km/nm over the wavelength range from 2.5 to 3.7 μ m can be obtained. The fibers with flattened chromatic dispersion profiles have high potential for broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum generation. Fabrication of the fiber is successfully performed and by pumping the fabricated fiber at 2 μ m, a broad and highly coherent supercontinuum with high spectral flatness is generated.