gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Torsional Impulsive Response of an Elastic Half-Space due to a Rigid Circular Cylinder (1978)

The rigid circular cylinder cemented on an elastic half-space is rotated impulsively through a small angle. The problem is solved by setting up an integral equation for the Laplace transform of the coefficient of the stress function. The inversion of the Laplace transform is carried out by using the numerical method. The numerical results are shown for the impulsive response of the elastic half-space such as the stress intensity factor and the torque.
Scale and illumination-invariant road sign detection (2002)

A road sign recognition system that allows detection under a wide range of scale variation is presented. The recognition system is implemented by a nonlinear JTC. Precise index of nonlinearity is chosen to obtain good discrimination capabilities, as well as, illumination-invariance. We compare the performance of two different methods: the use of composite filters, and when a filter bank is used. In particular, we consider Fourier-plane nonlinear filters as composite filters.
Evaluating efficiency of self-reconfiguration in a class of modular robots (1996)

In this article we examine the problem of dynamic self-reconfiguration of a class of modular robotic systems referred to as metamorphic systems. A metamorphic robotic system is a collection of mechatronic modules, each of which has the ability to connect, disconnect, and climb over adjacent modules. A change in the macroscopic morphology results from the locomotion of each module over its neighbors. Metamorphic systems can therefore be viewed as a large swarm of physically connected robotic modules that collectively act as a single entity. What distinguishes metamorphic systems from other reconfigurable robots is that they possess all of the following properties: (1) a large number of homogeneous modules; (2) a geometry such that modules fit within a regular lattice; (3) self-reconfigurability without outside help; (4) physical constraints which ensure contact between modules. In this article, the kinematic constraints governing metamorphic robot self-reconfiguration are addressed, and lower and upper bounds are established for the minimal number of moves needed to change such systems from any initial to any final specified configuration. These bounds are functions of initial and final configuration geometry and can be computed very quickly, while it appears that solving for the precise number of minimal moves cannot be done in polynomial time. It is then shown how the bounds developed here are useful in evaluating the performance of heuristic motion planning/reconfiguration algorithms for metamorphic systems. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Novel Isatin-based activator of p53 transcriptional functions in tumor cells. (2019)

Bioinorganic medicinal chemistry remains a hot field for research aimed at developing novel anti-cancer treatments. Discovery of metal complexes as potent antitumor chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin led to a significant shift of focus toward organometallic/ bioinorganic compounds containing transition metals and their chelates as novel scaffolds for drug discovery. In that way, transition metal complexes coordinated to essential biological scaffolds represent a highly promising class of compounds for design of novel target-specific therapeutics. Here, we report novel data on p53 activating Isatin-based Cu(II) complex exhibiting cytotoxic properties towards HCT116 and MCF7 tumor cell lines, as confirmed by cell viability assay and flow cytometry analysis of apoptosis. Furthermore, putative p53-mediated mechanism of action of this compound is supported by quantitative analysis of <i>TP53</i>, <i>MDM2</i> and <i>PUMA</i> genes expression, as well as luciferase-based p53 pathway activation assay. Multiplex immunoassay analysis of inflammatory markers revealed potential modulation of several cytokines and chemokines.
Evaluation of 2‐Thiothiazolidine‐4‐Carboxylic Acid, a Common Metabolite of Isothiocyanates, as a Potential Biomarker of Cruciferous Vegetable Intake (2018)

Collectively, TTCA appears to be a common isothiocyanate-derived metabolite that has the capacity to be utilized as a biomarker of cruciferous vegetables that would be beneficial for objective and quantitative tracking of intake in studies.
Electrical/pH responsive properties of poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid)/hyaluronic acid hydrogels (2004)

Abstract Poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid) (PAMPS)/hyaluronic acid (HA) interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels have been prepared by using the sequential‐IPN method. The IPN hydrogels exhibited swelling behavior in solutions at various pHs, in NaCl solutions, and under electrical DC stimulation. The IPN hydrogels were highly swollen in water, but lost much of their water capacity when transferred to solutions having a high ionic strength. The IPN hydrogels showed a significant responsive deswelling in an applied electric field. This behavior indicates the potential application of IPN hydrogels as biomaterials. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1731–1736, 2004
Reliability assessment of single-phase grid-connected PV microinverters considering mission profile and uncertainties (2017)

Microinverters usually connect a PV panel to a Single-phase power grid. In such system, the input power is constant while the output power oscillates twice the line frequency. Thus, the input and output power differences should be stored in a storage component, which is typically an electrolytic capacitor. However, electrolytic capacitors are usually blamed for their short lifetime. Recently, some active power decoupling methods are introduced in the literature which can takes advantage of high reliable film capacitors. However, some extra switches and diodes are added to the microinverter which can influence the microinverter lifetime. This paper investigates the microinverter reliability according to mission profile where it is installed. To get more accurate results, uncertainties in both lifetime model and manufacturing process are considered. The effect of ambient temperature and solar irritation of two different places on the microinverter lifetime is studied.
Genetics of serum urate concentrations and gout in a high-risk population, patients with chronic kidney disease (2018)

We evaluated genetics of hyperuricemia and gout, their interaction with kidney function and medication intake in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of urate and gout were performed in 4941 CKD patients in the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study. Effect estimates of 26 known urate-associated population-based single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were examined. Interactions of urate-associated variants with urate-altering medications and clinical characteristics of gout were evaluated. Genome-wide significant associations with serum urate and gout were identified for known loci at SLC2A9 and ABCG2, but not for novel loci. Effects of the 26 known SNPs were of similar magnitude in CKD patients compared to population-based individuals, except for SNPs at ABCG2 that showed greater effects in CKD. Gene-medication interactions were not significant when accounting for multiple testing. Associations with gout in specific joints were significant for SLC2A9 rs12498742 in wrists and midfoot joints. Known genetic variants in SLC2A9 and ABCG2 were associated with urate and gout in a CKD cohort, with effect sizes for ABCG2 significantly greater in CKD compared to the general population. CKD patients are at high risk of gout due to reduced kidney function, diuretics intake and genetic predisposition, making treatment to target challenging.
Vaccination in a humanized mouse model elicits highly protective PfCSP-targeting anti-malarial antibodies (2021)

Repeat antigens, such as the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP), use both sequence degeneracy and structural diversity to evade the immune response. A few PfCSP-directed antibodies have been identified that are effective at preventing malaria infection, including CIS43, but how these repeat-targeting antibodies might be improved has been unclear. Here, we engineered a humanized mouse model in which B cells expressed inferred human germline CIS43 (iGL-CIS43) B cell receptors and used both vaccination and bioinformatic analysis to obtain variant CIS43 antibodies with improved protective capacity. One such antibody, iGL-CIS43.D3, was significantly more potent than the current best-in-class PfCSP-directed antibody. We found that vaccination with a junctional epitope peptide was more effective than full-length PfCSP at recruiting iGL-CIS43 B cells to germinal centers. Structure-function analysis revealed multiple somatic hypermutations that combinatorically improved protection. This mouse model can thus be used to understand vaccine immunogens and to develop highly potent anti-malarial antibodies.
Low level of Lck kinase in Th2 cells limits expression of CD4 co-receptor and S73 phosphorylation of transcription factor c-Jun (2017)

The Src-family tyrosine kinase Lck is an enzyme associated with the CD4 and CD8 co-receptors and promoting signaling through the T cell receptor (TCR) complex. The levels of Lck expression and activity change during the development and differentiation of T cells. Here we show that Lck expression is higher in Th1 cells as compared to Th2 cells. Ectopic overexpression of Lck in Th2 cells results in increased expression of CD4 co-receptor and enhanced S73 phosphorylation of transcription factor c-Jun. Our findings indicate that TCR-mediated signaling in Th2 cells may be directly attenuated by Lck protein expression level.
Effective Floquet model for minimally twisted bilayer graphene (2021)

We construct an effective Floquet lattice model for the triangular network that emerges in interlayer-biased minimally twisted bilayer graphene and which supports two chiral channels per link for a given valley and spin. We introduce the Floquet scheme with the one-channel triangular network and subsequently extend it to the two-channel case. From the bulk topological index (winding number) and finite system calculations, we find that both cases host anomalous Floquet insulators (AFIs) with a different gap-opening mechanism. In the one-channel network, either time-reversal or in-plane inversion symmetry has to be broken to open a gap. In contrast, in the two-channel network, interchannel coupling can open a gap without breaking these symmetries yielding a valley AFI with counterpropagating edge states. This phase is topologically trivial with respect to the total winding number but robust in the absence of intervalley scattering. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of the Floquet model with magnetotransport calculations.
Pharmacogenetics of drug response in Parkinson's disease (2014)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating, demoralizing and financially devastating condition affecting 1% of population at the age of 60 years. Thus, very important issue to address is individual therapy optimization. Recent results have shown evidence that variable efficacy of treatment and risk of motor and mental complications could have genetic origin. Significant roles in that process play (pharmaco)genomic/genetic studies of PD. Variability in genes coding for drug-metabolizing enzymes, drug receptors and proteins involved in drug pathway signaling is an important factor determining inter-individual variability in drug responses. Interpersonal differences in drug responses are clearly documented although individualized treatment of PD is not widely known. Treatment with antiparkinsonian drugs is associated with the development of complications, such as L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), hallucinations and excessive daytime sleepiness. Carriers of specific genetic polymorphisms are particularly susceptible to development of some of these drug adverse effects. Pharmacogenomics aims to understand the relationship between genetic factors and inter-individual variations in drug responses, and to translate this information in therapy tailored to individual patient genetics. Relatively few efforts have been made to investigate the role of pharmacogenetics in the individual response to anti-PD drugs. Thus, many genetic variations and polymorphisms in myriad of different proteins can influence individual response to anti-PD drugs.
Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Oxygenated Benzothiophene Derivatives. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Re-evaluation of RF electromagnetic communication in underwater sensor networks (2010)

Most underwater wireless networks use acoustic waves as the transmission medium nowadays, but the chances of getting much more out of acoustic modems are quite remote. Optical links are impractical for many underwater applications. Given modern operational requirements and digital communications technology, the time is now ripe for re-evaluating the role of electromagnetic signals in underwater environments. The research presented in this article is motivated by the limitations of current and established wireless underwater techniques, as well as the potential that electromagnetic waves can offer to underwater applications. A case study is presented that uses electromagnetic technology in a small-scale underwater wireless sensor network. The results demonstrate the likely effectiveness of the designated network.
The four pillars of HFrEF therapy: is it time to treat heart failure regardless of ejection fraction? (2022)

The syndrome of heart failure (HF) has historically been dichotomized based on clinical trial inclusion criteria into patients with a reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) using a cut-off of above or below 40%. The majority of trial evidence for the benefits of disease-modifying pharmacological therapy has been in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), i.e. those with an LVEF ≤40%. Recently, the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors empagliflozin and dapagliflozin have been shown to be the first drugs to improve outcomes in HF across the full spectrum of LVEF. There is, however, growing evidence that the benefits of many of the neurohumoral modulators shown to be beneficial in patients with HFrEF may extend to those with a higher LVEF above 40% but still below the normal range, i.e. HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF). Whether the benefits of some of these medications also extend to patients with HF and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an area of ongoing debate. This article will review the evidence for HF treatments across the full spectrum of LVEF, provide an overview of recently updated clinical practice guidelines, and address the question whether it may now be time to treat HF with some therapies regardless of ejection fraction.
High-Speed and High-Accuracy EDM of Micro Holes by Using a 5-DOF Controlled Maglev Local Actuator (2009)

The objective of this study is to realize high-speed and high-accuracy electrical discharge machining (EDM) of micro holes using a combination of a conventional EDM machine and a maglev local actuator. In this paper, the conventional EDM machine and the wide-bandwidth, high-precision, 5-DOF controlled maglev local actuator are combined and cooperatively controlled. Then to accelerate the debris ejection from the machined holes, the driving methods of the axial jump and radial vibration of the electrode are discussed. The experimental results show that the maglev local actuator can adjust the gap between the electrode and a workpiece speedily, and the machining speed is improved by 434.2%, compared with conventional EDM machine. Moreover, by the jump and the circular motion of the electrode, the debris ejection can be accelerated, the abnormal electrical discharge can be avoided, and the machining speed also is improved by 580.3%.
Flowering-time genes modulate meristem determinacy and growth form in Arabidopsis thaliana (2008)

Plants have evolved annual and perennial life forms as alternative strategies to adapt reproduction and survival to environmental constraints. In isolated situations, such as islands, woody perennials have evolved repeatedly from annual ancestors1. Although the molecular basis of the rapid evolution of insular woodiness is unknown, the molecular difference between perennials and annuals might be rather small, and a change between these life strategies might not require major genetic innovations2,3. Developmental regulators can strongly affect evolutionary variation4 and genes involved in meristem transitions are good candidates for a switch in growth habit. We found that the MADS box proteins SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) and FRUITFULL (FUL) not only control flowering time, but also affect determinacy of all meristems. In addition, downregulation of both proteins established phenotypes common to the lifestyle of perennial plants, suggesting their involvement in the prevention of secondary growth and longevity in annual life forms.
Direct conversion of terpenylalkanolamines to ethylidyne N-nitroso compounds (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect conversion of terpenylalkanolamines to ethylidyne N-nitroso compoundsS. L. AbidiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 14, 2687–2694Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00364a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00364a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views579Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the feasibility of a negative polarity electric sail (2009)

Abstract. An electric solar wind sail is a recently introduced propellantless space propulsion method whose technical development has also started. In its original version, the electric sail consists of a set of long, thin, centrifugally stretched and conducting tethers which are charged positively and kept in a high positive potential of 20 kV by an onboard electron gun. The positively charged tethers deflect solar wind protons, thus tapping momentum from the solar wind stream and producing thrust. Here we consider a variant of the idea with negatively charged tethers. The negative polarity electric sail seems to be more complex to implement than the positive polarity variant since it needs an ion gun instead of an electron gun as well as a more complex tether structure to keep the electron field emission current in check with the tether surface. However, since this first study of the negative polarity electric sail does not reveal any fundamental issues, more detailed studies would be warranted.
Ghost marker detection and elimination in marker‐based optical tracking systems for real‐time tracking in stereotactic body radiotherapy (2014)

The authors proposed a simple model to explain the origin of ghost markers and identified the CWL condition as the necessary condition for ghost marker occurrence. The retrospective ghost marker detection and elimination algorithms guarantee complete ghost marker elimination while providing the users with maximum flexibility in selecting the number of markers and their configuration to meet their clinic needs.
Label-Free Biosensing in Complex Media: A Referencing Approach (2013)

We present a novel approach to reference-compensated label-free affinity biosensing in complex media. Unlike conventional approaches that employ surfaces with different biological functionalities in the detection and reference channels to produce a reference-compensated sensor response, the new approach (referred as to single surface referencing (SSR)) uses a single functionalized surface split into the detection and reference channel to which complex sample (detection channel) and complex sample mixed with biomolecules binding to the analyte and thus inhibiting the binding of the analyte to the functionalized surface (reference channel) is introduced. This approach ensures that (i) only the detection channel captures the analyte and (ii) nonspecific binding incurred in the detection and reference channels are the same. We evaluate this approach in a model biosensing experiment, detection of a cancer biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in blood plasma using antibody against CEA and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. We detect CEA in three different blood plasma samples and demonstrate that this novel referencing approach provides more accurate results and lower biological variability than the conventional referencing.
Regioselective synthesis of 2H-indazoles through Ga/Al- and Al-mediated direct alkylation reactions of indazoles (2015)

A procedure has been developed for the regioselective, high yielding synthesis of 2H-indazoles that involves direct alkylation of indazoles with various allyl and benzyl bromides, and α-bromocarbonyl compounds.
Analysis on thermal reliability of key electronic components on PCB board (2011)

Electronic equipment develop continuously toward light, thin, small miniaturization trend. With the increased integration of electronic components, and its increasingly high heat density, small size, compact layout, leading to high temperature of electronic components, greatly reducing the service life of components, resulting to job insecurity or failure of components, and then reducing system reliability. Therefore, the thermal design becomes increasingly important. With the thermal reliability as basic, with the heat transfer and fluid dynamics as principle, with the PCB board and several major electronic components of cooling on the board as the research object, study on layout optimization problem of components on PCB board. Establish the corresponding FEM model, then solve the temperature field of the main cooling electronic components on the PCB board with the analysis software-ANSYS, display the high temperature and low temperature areas of PCB board. Realize the layout optimization of the main cooling electronic components on the PCB board, and calculate temperature field of the PCB board of different layout with examples, obtaining the rational layout by comparing. This method does not change the condition of external cooling, but could reduce the maximum working temperature of PCB board and improve the reliability of the system, as well as providing a reference for thermal reliability designing of electronic products.
Evolution des Designs klinischer Studien zur Untersuchung von Biologika-Therapien bei Patienten mit chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen – Implikationen für die klinische Praxis (2016)

Ghosh S, Sandborn WJ, Colombel J-F, Feagan BG, Panaccione R, Hanauer S, Schreiber S, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Vermeire S, Eichner S, Huang B, Robinson AM, Pappalardo B. Interpreting registrational clincial trials of biological therapies in adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory bowel disease 2016; ahead of print.