gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computerized management of distribution network with a cadastral integrator (1993)

Knowledge of arborescent structures of low voltage networks and the necessity of load management in the different principal and secondary links has always been among the essential elements in the mastering of the distribution network evolution. The development of two new integrated computer tools makes it easier to manage networks while assuring the coherence in the collection of information, the efficiency in sorting and updating and finally time saving during graphic consultation with the help of a cadastral integrator or the use of an automatic generator of topological diagrams. The new GICAD cadastral module, achieved under the 'Windows' environment, is an integrator of graphic objects and alphanumeric technical or administrative data. It includes generation and file management routines allowing the documentation of topographic representations and therefore responds to the requests of network managers. The graphic interface programs include decompression operation and cadastral data compression taken from other data bases in order to adapt the size of files. It is therefore possible to integrate the network elements that accompany the topological representation like cable paths and their laying conditions.
Translational control by influenza virus: suppression of the kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of initiation factor eIF-2 and selective translation of influenza viral mRNAs. (1986)

Selective translation of influenza viral mRNAs occurs after influenza virus superinfection of cells infected with the VAI RNA-negative adenovirus mutant dl331 (M. G. Katze, Y.-T. Chen, and R. M. Krug, Cell 37:483-490, 1984). Cell extracts from these doubly infected cells catalyze the initiation of essentially only influenza viral protein synthesis, reproducing the in vivo situation. This selective translation is correlated with a 5- to 10-fold suppression of the dl331-induced kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eucaryotic initiation factor eIF-2. This strongly suggests that influenza virus encodes a gene product that, analogous to the adenoviral VAI RNA, prevents the shutdown of overall protein synthesis caused by an eIF-2 alpha kinase turned on by viral infection. Adenoviral mRNA translation was restored to the extract from the doubly infected cells by the addition of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF-2B, which is responsible for the normal recycling of eIF-2 during protein synthesis. This indicates that the residual kinase in the doubly infected cells leads to a limitation in functional (nonsequestered) eIF-2B and hence functional (GTP-containing) eIF-2 and that under these conditions influenza viral mRNAs are selectively translated over adenoviral mRNAs. Addition of double-stranded RNA to the extracts from these cells restored the eIF-2 alpha kinase to a level approaching that seen in extracts from cells infected with dl331 alone and caused the inhibition of influenza viral mRNA translation. This suggests that the putative influenza viral gene product acts against the double-stranded RNA activation of the kinase and indicates that influenza viral mRNA translation is also linked to the level of functional eIF-2. Our results thus indicate that a limitation in functional eIF-2 which causes a nonspecific reduction in the rate of initiation of protein synthesis results in the preferential translation of the better mRNAs (influenza viral mRNAs) at the expense of the poorer mRNAs (adenoviral mRNAs).
Selecting peers for execution comparison (2011)

Execution comparison is becoming more common as a means of debugging faulty programs or simply explaining program behavior. Often, such as when debugging, the goal is to understand particular aspects of a single execution, and it is not immediately clear against what we should compare this execution. Prior work has led to approaches for acquiring a second execution, or peer, with which to compare the first. The earliest of these searched test suites for suitable candidates. More recent work focuses on synthesizing a new execution, either by generating new input for the program or by directly mutating the execution itself. In spite of these proposals, it is unclear what advantages these different techniques for finding peers might have over each other. In this paper, we implement five different existing techniques and examine their impact on 20 real bugs. These bugs represent the full set of reported bugs for three programs during one year. We present a metric to evaluate the quality of the peers. It is based on the similarity of the peers to the executions of the patched programs. We also discuss in detail the different scenarios where these techniques hold advantages.
Relationships Between Vo2peak, Cerebral Hemodynamics During Exercise And Cognitive Function In Type 2 Diabetes Patients. (2016)

PURPOSE: As compared to aged-matched healthy controls (AMHC), type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM) have an impaired aerobic fitness, cardiac hemodynamics, cerebral oxygenation/perfusion (COP) during exercise and an impaired cognitive function. Relationship between fitness, cardiac/cerebral hemodynamics and cognition are poorly studied in T2DM patients. The aim of this work was to study relationship among VO2peak, maximal cardiac index (CImax), COP and cognitive function in patients with T2DM. METHOD: Nineteen T2DM patients (62±7 years) and 23 AMH subjects (62±11 years) were recruited in this study. All subjects underwent a medical examination, blood sample analysis and body composition measurement. Gas exchange (Oxycon Pro; Jaegger, Germany), CImax (impedance cardiography: PhysioFlow, France) and left frontal COP (NIRS: Oxymon Mk III, Netherlands) were measured during and after a maximal cardiopulmonary ergocycle test (CPET). For COP, oxyhemoglobin (ΔO2Hb), total hemoglobin (ΔtHb) and deoxyhemoglobin (ΔHHb) were assessed. Cognitive functions (CF) were evaluated at rest by a complete neuropsychological test battery (13 different items) assessing perceptual abilities and processing speed, short/long-term/working memory (LTVM) and executive functions (EF). ANOVA was used to test group’s differences and Pearson correlation to evaluate the relationship between VO2peak, CImax, COP and CF (statistical significance for p<0.05). RESULTS: VO2peak, CImax and EF (Stroop 3 and 4) and LTVM were significantly lower (p<0.05) in T2DM vs. AMHC. Left frontal COP (HHb, O2HB and tHb) was not different between groups. VO2peak was positively correlated with tHB (R=0.35, p<0.05). Composite scores for EF was negatively correlated with O2HB (R=-0.40, p<0.05) and tHB (R=-0.37, p<0.05). VO2peak was positively correlated with substitution (R=0.369, p<0.05), negatively with trail B (R=-0.337, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with T2DM had a reduced aerobic fitness, cardiac output, executive functions and LTVM. Moreover, COP and aerobic fitness were related with executive functions and processing speed. It would be interesting to know the effects of training on VO2peak, cardiac index, COP and cognitive functions in T2DM patients. Supported by EPIC and Montreal Heart Institute foundations and CNPq.
Homeobox B9: A potential surrogate marker for bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. (2012)

10531 Background: Homeobox B9 (HOXB9) is known to be overexpressed in human breast cancer and profoundly related to tumorigenicity, lung metastasis and radio-resistance. (Hayashida, PNAS 2010, and Chiba, PNAS 2011). However, little is known about the relation between the expression of HOXB9 and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to clarify the impact of HOXB9 in CRC and evaluate the importance for bevacizumab treatment. Methods: The expression of HOXB9 in human CRC specimens was analyzed. Then, we introduced HOXB9 construct into human CRC cell lines and examined TGFβ signaling and angiogenic factors. Xenograft model was established by these cell lines either with or without the administration of bevacizumab (5mg/kg, weekly) intraperitoneally. Finally, we examined the mRNA levels of consecutive patients who were treated by chemotherapy with bevacizumab in our institute and calculated the Kaplan- Meier curve with log-rank test. Results: 47 of 69 surgical specimens (67%) showed positive expression of HOXB9 mRNA. The high HOXB9 mRNA levels significantly correlated with poor differentiation and liver metastasis. The HOXB9-overexpressed cell lines showed significantly higher expression of TGFβ signaling target genes and angiogenic factors. HOXB9 overexpression significantly increased tumor volume and burden with higher microvessel density in vivo, even though the cell proliferation decreased in vitro. Notably, HOXB9-overexpressed tumor was dramatically shrunk by administration of bevacizumab (tumor shrinkage rate; 93% vs. 42% in HT29, 83% vs. 27% in HCT116). Patients with high expression of HOXB9 in tumor showed significantly longer progression free and overall survival periods (n=39). Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that patients with high expression of HOXB9 in tumor had better prognosis with bevacizumab treatment but worse without. In vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that HOXB9 might orchestrate angiogenesis and establish positive feedback between cancer cells and microenvironment. Bevacizumab might inhibit the feedback to reduce tumor growth dramatically. Therefore, HOXB9 may work as a potential surrogate marker of bevacizumab treatment in CRC.
Análise funcional da região promotora do gene CcDREB1D de dois genótipos de Coffea canephora por meio da transformação genética de Nicotiana tabacum : [n. 309] (2013)

Apesar de alguns estudos em fisiologia vegetal resultarem em uma melhor compreensão dos mecanismos envolvidos na tolerância à seca em cafeeiro, ainda é escasso o conhecimento acerca das alterações metabólicas e moleculares envolvidas na resposta às condições de déficit hídrico nesta espécie. Neste sentido, estudos recentes permitiram a identificação de vários genes candidatos que apresentaram expressão diferencial entre genótipos contrastantes para essa característica. Dentre esses, encontram-se genes integrantes da via de resposta ao estresse hídrico, previamente identificados em outras espécies vegetais, tais como os fatores de transcrição DREB. Resultados prévios obtidos, analisando a expressão relativa do gene CcDREB1D nos clones 14 (tolerante à seca) e 22 (sensível à seca) de Coffea canephora var. Conilon demonstraram expressão diferencial desse gene em folhas de plantas submetidas ou não a seca. Polimorfismos na região promotora do gene CcDREB1D foram também identificados e podem indicar a participação de diferentes haplótipos no controle genético da tolerância à seca. Várias deleções 5' da região promotora do gene CcDREB1D foram feitas e clonadas no vetor binário pBI101 como objetivo de analisar o papel dos polimorfismos identificados no promotor do gene CcDREB1D na expressão do gene repórter uidA codificando para a ß-glucuronidase por meio da transformação genética de Nicotiana tabacum.
Age-Dependence of Noradrenaline Kinetics in Normal Subjects (1981)

1. The influence of age on the rate of spillover of noradrenaline into plasma, clearance of noradrenaline from plasma, and plasma noradrenaline concentration at rest was studied in 34 healthy subjects aged 20--69 years. 2. The plasma concentration of noradrenaline was dependent on age, values being higher in older subjects. 3. This age-dependence of plasma noradrenaline concentration was due principally to a reduced clearance of noradrenaline from the circulation in older subjects. 4. The rate of spillover of noradrenaline into plasma was little influenced by age. The higher plasma noradrenaline values found in older subjects do not seem to be due to an increase in sympathetic nervous system tone with aging.
ChemInform Abstract: AN UNUSUAL REACTION OF 3‐METHOXYCARBONYL‐DELTA(2)‐PYRAZOLINE WITH LEAD TETRAACETATE (1973)

Abstract 3‐Methoxycarbonyl‐A2‐ pyrazolin (I) liefert mit Bleitetraacetat über diskutierte Zwischenstufen wie (II) die beiden Folgeprodukte (III) und (IV).
A New Alternating Ferro‐Antiferromagnetic One‐Dimensional Azido‐Bridged (Arylazoimidazole)manganese(II), [Mn(TaiEt)(N3)2]n [TaiEt = 1‐Ethyl‐2‐(p‐tolylazo)imidazole], Exhibiting Bulk Weak Ferromagnetic Long‐Range Ordering (2004)

Abstract 1‐Ethyl‐2‐( p ‐tolylazo)imidazole [ p ‐Me−C 6 H 4 −N=N−C 3 H 2 N 2 − Et‐1; TaiEt], an unsymmetrical N,N′‐blocker, and azide (N 3 − ), a versatile intermediary, coordinate to manganese( II ) forming an alternating chain with the formula [Mn(TaiEt)(N 3 ) 2 ] n ( 1 ). The compound crystallizes in the triclinic P $\bar 1$ space group with a = 7.9297(7) Å, b = 9.5883(9) Å, c = 11.8366(11) Å, α = 103.555(2)°, β = 105.811(2)°, γ = 104.280(2)°, and Z = 2. The structure consists of neutral chains in which each manganese( II ) center is alternately bridged by two end‐on and two end‐to‐end azide ligands. The unsymmetrical arylazo heterocycle chelator creates a strong distortion around the metal center [N−Mn−N′ bite 67.7°; Mn−N′(azo) distance 2.562 Å]. The magnetic properties of 1 have been investigated over the temperature range 2−300 K. Magnetic data are analyzed on the basis of an alternating ferro‐ and antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain of the manganese( II ) ions, described by the spin Hamiltonian H = − J 1 Σ S 2 i S 2 i +1 − J 2 Σ S 2 i +1 S 2 i +2 . The J exchange parameters are 2.65 ± 0.12 cm −1 and −14.5 ± 0.15 cm −1 , respectively. Magnetic studies at low temperatures indicate long‐range ordering (canting) with a remnant magnetism that vanishes above 40 K. The canting phenomenon has been studied by various techniques including an EPR spectroscopic investigation at different temperatures and appears to be due to the local distortion around each metal center and the π‐π stacking in the 3‐D network. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Effect of evaporation time on the pervaporation characteristics through homogeneous aromatic polyamide membranes. II. Pervaporation performances for ethanol/water mixture (1996)

Pervaporation of ethanol/water mixtures through symmetric dense aromatic polyamide membranes was investigated.The membrane structure was controlled by varying the solvent evaporation time before gelation.The membranes were water-selective and the selectivity increased with an increase in the solvent evaporation time.On the other hand, the water flux as well as the ethanol flux decreased with an increase in the evaporation time.These results were consistent with the morphology change of the membrane which takes place with solvent evaporation: the decrease in the channel size.The effects of the downstream pressure on the pervaporation performances were also studied for membranes with different solvent evaporation times.The ethanol concentration in the permeate side increased with an increase in the downstream pressure to certain point, showed a maximum there, then decreased thereafter.The water flux decreased with an increase in the downstream pressure for all membranes studied; the dependence was expressed by a parabolic curve in the lower pressure range.The ethanol flux also decreased with an increase in the downstream pressure for the membrane with shorter evaporation time, while this flux was slightly affected by the downstream pressure for the membrane with longer evaporation time.zyxw
Elastic strain energy density decomposition in failure of ductile materials under combined torsion-tension (2014)

The constitutive behavior and failure of ductile materials are described in the present work for a general case of loading in terms of the secant moduli, which depend on the first (dilatational) and second (deviatoric) strain invariants. This approach exposes the distinct behavior of materials to the equivalent normal and shear stresses. The secant moduli enable the establishment of two (instead of one) constitutive equations necessary for the complete description of these materials. Emphasis is given in the accuracy of the resulting constitutive equations in terms of their predictions relative to actual experimental data for two materials systems. Failure predictions, according to T-criterion, are derived for two materials under combined torsion and tension, which are in good agreement with experimental data. Finally, the associated failure surfaces in a stress space are presented as well.
Gene-regulatory network study of rheumatoid arthritis in single-cell chromatin landscapes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (2021)

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoinflammatory disease with an elusive etiology. Assays for transposase-accessible chromatin with single-cell sequencing (scATAC-seq) contribute to the progress in epigenetic studies. However, the impact of epigenetic technology on autoimmune diseases has not been objectively analyzed. Therefore, scATAC-seq was performed to generate a high-resolution map of accessible loci in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of RA patients at the single-cell level. The purpose of our project was to discover the transcription factors (TFs) that were involved in the pathogenesis of RA at single-cell resolution. In our research, we obtained 22 accessible chromatin patterns. Then, 10 key TFs were involved in the RA pathogenesis by regulating the activity of MAP kinase. Consequently, two genes (PTPRC, SPAG9) regulated by 10 key TFs were found that may be associated with RA disease pathogenesis and these TFs were obviously enriched in RA patients (p&lt;0.05, FC&gt;1.2). With further qPCR validation on PTPRC and SPAG9 in monocytes, we found differential expression of these two genes, which were regulated by eight TFs (ZNF384, HNF1B, DMRTA2, MEF2A, NFE2L1, CREB3L4 (var. 2), FOSL2::JUNB (var. 2), MEF2B). What is more, the eight TFs showed highly accessible binding sites in RA patients. These findings demonstrate the value of using scATAC-seq to reveal transcriptional regulatory variation in RA-derived PBMCs, providing insights on therapy from an epigenetic perspective.
GaN/Ga2O3 Core/Shell Nanowires Growth: Towards High Response Gas Sensors (2019)

The development of sensors working in a large range of temperature is of crucial importance in areas such as monitoring of industrial processes or personal tracking using smart objects. Devices integrating GaN/Ga2O3 core/shell nanowires (NWs) are a promising solution for monitoring carbon monoxide (CO). Because the performances of sensors primarily depend on the material properties composing the active layer of the device, it is essential to control them and achieve material synthesis in the first time. In this work, we investigate the synthesis of GaN/Ga2O3 core-shell NWs with a special focus on the formation of the shell. The GaN NWs grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy, are post-treated following thermal oxidation to form a Ga2O3-shell surrounding the GaN-core. We establish that the shell thickness can be modulated from 1 to 14 nm by changing the oxidation conditions and follows classical oxidation process: A first rapid oxide-shell growth, followed by a reduced but continuous oxide growth. We also discuss the impact of the atmosphere on the oxidation growth rate. By combining XRD-STEM and EDX analyses, we demonstrate that the oxide-shell is crystalline, presents the β-Ga2O3 phase, and is synthesized in an epitaxial relationship with the GaN-core.
Radiative transitions accompanying the photodisintegration of lithium (1981)

The photon spectra from the reaction /sup 7/Li(..gamma..,..gamma..') have been studied in bremsstrahlung beams with maximum energies 27 and 31 MeV. It is shown that the peak at 8.5 MeV is due to formation of the /sup 3/H nucleus during the reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of α‐Ketoamides via 2‐Acyl‐5‐aminooxazoles by Reacting Acyl Chlorides and α‐Isocyanoacetamides. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns in Human Proximal Tubule Cells Over a Short and Long Time Course of Cadmium Exposure (2010)

Numerous studies showed that renal proximal tubules cells are the cell type critically affected by chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd(2+)). The aim of the present study was to apply global gene expression technology and a human renal epithelial cell culture model (HPT) to determine whether time of exposure to Cd(2+) exerts a major influence on the resulting pattern of global gene expression. HPT cells were exposed to Cd(2+) for a short, 1-d, period of exposure (9, 27, and 45 μM) versus a longer, 13-d, period (4.5, 9, and 27 μM), with the hypothesis being that the stress response of the cells would be more active during the short time of exposure. The results showed that the differential expression of genes was very extensive for HPT cells exposed to Cd(2+) for 1 d, with more than 1848 genes displaying alterations compared to control and with the major categories of genes being involved in stress responses; cell death; checkpoint arrest, DNA repair, and the cell cycle; inflammatory responses; and cell adhesion, motion and differentiation. In contrast, HPT cells exposed to Cd(2+) for 13 d showed 923 genes to be differentially expressed, with a marked reduction in the number of differentially expressed stress response genes and a significant increase in the number of genes involved in development and differentiation. There were 387 differentially expressed genes common to both times of exposure. Data suggest that unless one is actively seeking to study the acute stress response, global gene expression technology should not be applied within an early time course of toxicant exposure.
SU‐E‐T‐472: Characterization of the Very High Energy Electrons, ISO ‐ 250 MeV (VHEE) Beam Generated by ALPHA‐X Laser Wakefield Accelerator Beam Line for Utilization in Monte Carlo Simulation for Biomedical Experiment Planning (2012)

Monte Carlo simulations using the FLUKA code is an efficient way to plan a VHEE experiment and analyze data from measurements.
Andrology: Tolerability of intramuscular injections of testosterone ester in oil vehicle (1995)

We undertook a prospective survey of the tolerability of deep i.m. injections of testosterone enanthate in a castor oil vehicle, the most widely used form of androgen replacement therapy. Over a period of 8 months, 26 men received 551 weekly injections into the gluteal, deltoid or thigh muscle and side-effects were recorded immediately and 1 week after each injection by the same nurse using a standardized questionnaire. Most injections caused no complaints [389/551, 70.6% (95% confidence interval 66.6-74.4%)] but minor local side-effects, mostly pain and bleeding, were common [162/551, 29.4% (25.6-33.4%)]; no serious side-effects were observed. Considering all side-effects, the gluteal site had fewer complaints and was less prone to bleeding but was painful more often than deltoid or thigh injection sites. The laterality of injection at any site had no significant effect on side-effects. The only systemic side-effect was episodes of sudden-onset, non-productive cough associated with faintness following eight injections [1.5% (0.6-2.9%)] which we speculate may have been due to pulmonary oil microembolism. We conclude that, when administered by an experienced nurse, deep i.m. injection of testosterone enanthate in a castor oil vehicle is generally safe and well tolerated but causes relatively frequent minor side-effects, including pain and bleeding. An improved depot form of testosterone would be highly desirable for androgen replacement therapy and hormonal male contraception.