gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Optical Excitation of Nano Oscillators (2007)

In the present work we report on theoretical and experimental investigation of optical resonant excitation of nano cantilevers fabricated from silicon nitride and mono-crystalline silicon layers deposited on top of a sacrificial silicon dioxide layer. The thermal energy impinged into the structure was produced by a laser beam focused at the substrate and not at the structure itself. Steady-periodic axisymmetric thermal problem for a multilayered structure heated with a modulated laser was treated analytically using an integral transform technique and verified by finite element analysis which was implemented also for the solution of steady-periodic and transient thermoelastic problems. A transfer function relating the laser source parameters to the NEMS structure response was constructed and influence of various parameters on the nanoelectromechanical structure NEMS response was investigated. Results of analysis backed by experiments indicate that the dominant actuation mechanism in the case of laser spot located in proximity of the structure was primarily thermal.
Expression of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 Significantly Correlates With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Progression and Prognosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study (2019)

Expression of BMP-7 in non-small cell lung cancer was correlated with clinicopathologic factors and poorer prognosis. BMP-7 expression may be a useful predictor of aggressive activity of tumor behavior and postoperative outcome of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
One-Step Synthesis of Nanoliposomal Copper Diethyldithiocarbamate and Its Assessment for Cancer Therapy (2022)

The metal complex copper diethyldithiocarbamate (CuET) induces cancer cell death by inhibiting protein degradation and induces proteotoxic stress, making CuET a promising cancer therapeutic. However, no clinical formulation of CuET exists to date as the drug is insoluble in water and exhibits poor bioavailability. To develop a scalable formulation, nanoliposomal (LP) CuET was synthesized using ethanol injection as a facile one-step method that is suitable for large-scale manufacturing. The nanoparticles are monodispersed, colloidally stable, and approximately 100 nm in diameter with an encapsulation efficiency of over 80%. LP-CuET demonstrates excellent stability in plasma, minimal size change, and little drug release after six-month storage at various temperatures. Additionally, melanoma cell lines exhibit significant sensitivity to LP-CuET and cellular uptake occurs predominantly through endocytosis in YUMM 1.7 cancer cells. Intracellular drug delivery is mediated by vesicle acidification with more nanoparticles being internalized by melanoma cells compared with RAW 264.7 macrophages. Additionally, the nanoparticles preferentially accumulate in YUMM 1.7 tumors where they induce cancer cell death in vivo. The development and characterization of a stable and scalable CuET formulation illustrated in this study fulfils the requirements needed for a potent clinical grade formulation.
Effect of Hypochlorite-Based Disinfectants on Inactivation of Murine Norovirus and Attempt to Eliminate or Prevent Infection in Mice by Additionto Drinking Water (2013)

We evaluated the in vitro efficacy of weak acid hypochlorous solution (WAHS) against murine norovirus (MNV) by plaque assay and compared the efficacy with diluted NaOCl (Purelox) and 70% ethanol. WAHS was as effective as 70% ethanol and diluted Purelox for 0.5-min reactions. For 0.5-min reactions in the presence of mouse feces emulsion, the efficacy of WHAS and 1:600 diluted Purelox was decreased, reducing the virus titers by 2.3 and 2.6 log10, respectively, while 70% ethanol reduced the titer by more than 5 log10. However, WAHS showed more than 5 log10 reductions for the 5-min reaction even in the presence of feces emulsion. Since WAHS showed enough efficacy in inactivating MNV in vitro, we tried to eliminate MNV from MNV-infected mice by substituting WAHS for their drinking water. However, MNV was found to be positive in feces of mice drinking WAHS by an RT-nested PCR and plaque assay. To investigate whether hypochlorite-based disinfectants could prevent infection of a mouse with MNV, WAHS or 1:6,000 diluted Purelox was substituted for the drinking water of mice for 2 or 4 weeks, and then the mice were placed in a cage with an MNV-infected mouse. The supply of disinfectants was continued after cohabitation, but MNV was detected in the feces of all the mice at 1 week after cohabitation. In this study, we tried to eliminate and prevent MNV infection from mice by supplying hypochlorite-based disinfectants as an easy and low-cost method. Unfortunately, drinking disinfectants was ineffective, so it is important to keep the facility environment clean by use of effective disinfectants. Also, animals introduced into facilities should be tested as MNV free by quarantine and periodically confirmed as MNV free by microbiological monitoring.
Surgical Aspect of Cystic Dilatation of the Bile Duct (1982)

Twenty-two cholangiograms of adults with congenital dilatation of the common bile duct were studied and analyzed. Diagnosis of this disease was established by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography in nine patients, by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography in two patients, and by operative cholangiography in 11 patients. All patients, except one with Caroli's disease, were classified as type I according to Alonso-Lej. An anomalous junction of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system (AJPBDS) was observed in 15 cases. In nine patients the common bile duct joined the main pancreatic duct, and in the remaining six patients, the pancreatic duct was noted to join the common bile duct. These anomalies are considered to be an important etiologic factor in the development of choledochal dilatation. Total cyst excision and hepaticojejunostomy in a Roux-en-Y fashion is recommended as the procedure of choice in those cases with AJPBDS. This is based on the high incidence of cholangitis and the high propensity to induce malignancy of cystic wall following simple drainage.
Shader-based sensor simulation for autonomous car testing (2012)

During autonomous car system development, sensor simulation can help to test and evaluate algorithms such as sensor fusion and object tracking in simulated dynamic scenarios at an early stage; thus, time and cost can be spared and more reliable system can be guaranteed. In this paper, shader-based LiDAR and Radar simulations are extended into autonomous car testing. Besides realizing sensor simulations producing information of interest scan data, conceptual programming interfaces to full featured physical models are also provided. Simulation accuracy is discussed and corresponding improvement methods are proposed. Optimistic results are displayed with a software-in-loop test for autonomous car and the computational cost is reported. Comparison between ray-tracing based and shader-based LiDAR simulation in terms of computational cost is also carried out and discussed.
Biochemical characterization of the arginine degrading enzymes arginase and arginine deiminase and their effect on nitric oxide production. (2002)

These data suggest that ADI may be useful for delineating the role of NO in a variety of biological systems as well as determining the role of extracellular arginine in its synthesis.
Human platelet lysate can replace fetal bovine serum for clinical‐scale expansion of functional mesenchymal stromal cells (2007)

Replacing FBS with HPL prevents bovine prion, viral, and zoonose contamination of the stem cell product. This new efficient FBS-free two-step procedure for clinical-scale MSC propagation may represent a major step toward challenging new stem cell therapies.
Very low levels of cholecystokinin octapeptide activate Na‐pump in the cerebral cortex of CCK2receptor‐deficient mice (2006)

This study provides the first evidence that CCK-8 (0.01 pM to 0.1 mM) stimulates Na,K-ATPase in the cortical membranes of wild-type and CCK(2) receptor-deficient mice. In each genotype, the maximal stimulation was about 40%. Homozygous mice revealed substantially lower EC50 (4 pM) than heterozygous (37 pM) or wild-type animals (682 pM). In homozygous CCK2 receptor-deficient mice, the expression of CCK1 receptor gene was 5-fold higher than in wild-type animals. CCK1 receptor antagonist devazepide counteracted effect of CCK-8 in all three genotypes, whereas CCK2 receptor antagonist L-365, 260 showed significant antagonism in wild-type and heterozygous mice. The cooperativity of Na,K-ATPase for Na+, but not for K+, was lost in homozygous mice. Altogether, very low concentrations of CCK-8 via CCK1 and CCK2 receptors stimulate Na,K-ATPase in the cerebral cortex. CCK2 receptor-deficiency leads to the altered functionality of Na,K-ATPase that might be compensated by CCK1 receptor mediated influence of CCK (and its agonists) on the enzyme.
Report of the 24th Asilomar conference on mass spectrometry (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVConference ReviewNEXTReport of the 24th Asilomar conference on mass spectrometryJennifer S. BrodbeltJennifer S. BrodbeltDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, 78712-0165, Austin, TX, USAMore by Jennifer S. Brodbelt and Alan G. MarshallAlan G. MarshallNational High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USAMore by Alan G. MarshallCite this: J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2009, 20, 1, R1–R3Publication Date (Web):November 22, 2011Publication History Published online22 November 2011Published inissue 1 January 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1016/j.jasms.2008.10.014https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasms.2008.10.014review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 © American Society for Mass Spectrometry 2009Request reuse permissionsArticle Views7Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Visualization of Intracellular Transport of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Nucleocapsids in Living Cells (2006)

The phosphoprotein (P) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a subunit of the viral RNA polymerase. In previous studies, we demonstrated that insertion of 19 amino acids in the hinge region of the protein had no significant effect on P protein function. In the present study, we inserted full-length enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in frame into the hinge region of P and show that the fusion protein (PeGFP) is functional in viral genome transcription and replication, albeit with reduced activity. A recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus encoding PeGFP in place of the P protein (VSV-PeGFP), which possessed reduced growth kinetics compared to the wild-type VSV, was recovered. Using the recombinant VSV-PeGFP, we show that the viral replication proteins and the de novo-synthesized RNA colocalize to sites throughout the cytoplasm, indicating that replication and transcription are not confined to any particular region of the cytoplasm. Real-time imaging of the cells infected with the eGFP-tagged virus revealed that, following synthesis, the nucleocapsids are transported toward the cell periphery via a microtubule (MT)-mediated process, and the nucleocapsids were seen to be closely associated with mitochondria. Treatment of cells with nocodazole or Colcemid, drugs known to inhibit MT polymerization, resulted in accumulation of the nucleocapsids around the nucleus and also led to inhibition of infectious-virus production. These findings are compatible with a model in which the progeny viral nucleocapsids are transported toward the cell periphery by MT and the transport may be facilitated by mitochondria.
Modified R–L model‐based protection for VSC‐DC distribution lines (2017)

An R–L model‐based line protection algorithm is proposed for the voltage source converter (VSC)‐DC distribution systems. Overviews of DC distribution topology and the fault characteristics are investigated. The feasibility of the R–L model for DC distribution networks is analysed. To decrease errors and increase numerical stability, a new variable acquisition method and a new fault distance estimation equation are proposed with the characteristics of VSC‐DC distribution systems. Simulation results on power systems Computer Aided Design/Electromagnetic Transients including DC (PSCAD/EMTDC) verify the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed protection. It is shown that the protection can efficiently distinguish the internal faults with an operation time &lt; 20 ms and error within 1%. For nearby faults, the protection can trip within 8 ms. The proposed protection can meet both the speed and the selectivity requirements with a low sampling frequency and therefore can be a potential option for the industry application.
Substituent effects in the electrophilic substitution of deactivated systems. Part I. The nitration of 4-alkylphenyltrimethylammonium ions (1968)

Second-order rate coefficients have been measured at several temperatures for the nitration, in 98 and 82 % aqueous sulphuric acid, of the series p-RC6H4·NMe3+ClO4– where R = Me, Et, Pri, or But. The alkyl groups greatly enhance reactivity. Direct experimental comparison shows that p-tolyltrimethylammonium perchlorate is nitrated more readily than phenyltrimethylammonium perchlorate, in the meta-position, by a factor of 3500 in 98 % sulphuric acid and 2600 in 82 % sulphuric acid. Comparison of relative reactivities of the 4-alkylphenyltrimethylammonium ions with those reported for chlorination, bromination, and nitration of alkyl benzenes indicates that even in this highly electron-demanding situation alkyl groups influence nitration by electron release in the inductive order.
Fast kinetic measurements and on‐line dilution by flow injection cytometry (1994)

An improved flow injection cytometry (FIC) system suitable for fast cellular kinetic measurements and on-line dilution is described. The instrument allows for measurements from 1.2 s (+/- 0.05 s) after the initiation of mixing, up to any time thereafter. Crucial factors in determining fast kinetic measurements, such as the displacement volume for sample introduction, rate of transport to cytometric interrogation point, and the mixing speed are evaluated and discussed. By varying the volume aspirated, this instrument can facilitate the dilution of cells and/or reagent over a range of one order of magnitude. The fast kinetic and on-line dilution capabilities were demonstrated by on-line staining of DNA in trout erythrocytes with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). The utility of the instrument for measurement of enzyme kinetics was illustrated using human lymphocytes, measuring the glutathione S-transferase (GST) catalyzed reaction between monochlorobimane (MCB) and glutathione (GSH).
Glyco-Modification of Mucin Hydrogels to Investigate Their Immune Activity (2020)

Mucins are multifunctional glycosylated proteins that are increasingly investigated as building blocks of novel biomaterials. An attractive feature is their ability to modulate the immune response, in part by engaging with sialic acid binding receptors on immune cells. Once assembled into hydrogels, bovine submaxillary mucins (Muc gels) were shown to modulate the recruitment and activation of immune cells and avoid fibrous encapsulation <i>in vivo</i>. However, nothing is known about the early immune response to Muc gels. This study characterizes the response of macrophages, important orchestrators of the material-mediated immune response, over the first 7 days in contact with Muc gels. The role of mucin-bound sialic acid sugar residues was investigated by first enzymatically cleaving the sugar and then assembling the mucin variants into covalently cross-linked hydrogels with rheological and surface nanomechanical properties similar to nonmodified Muc gels. Results with THP-1 and human primary peripheral blood monocytes derived macrophages showed that Muc gels transiently activate the expression of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cell surface markers, for most makers with a maximum on the first day and loss of the effect after 7 days. The activation was sialic acid-dependent for a majority of the markers followed. The pattern of gene expression, protein expression, and functional measurements did not strictly correspond to M1 or M2 macrophage phenotypes. This study highlights the complex early events in macrophage activation in contact with mucin materials and the importance of sialic acid residues in such a response. The enzymatic glyco-modulation of Muc gels appears as a useful tool to help understand the biological functions of specific glycans on mucins which can further inform on their use in various biomedical applications.
A CMOS Capacitance Sensor That Monitors Cell Viability (2006)

We describe a CMOS capacitance sensor for measuring the capacitive behavior of living cells in a culture environment, in the presence of weak electric fields. The underlying physical phenomenon results primarily from polarization of the ionic cloud surrounding the cell in aqueous medium. The measured capacitance depends on a variety of factors including cell morphology, membrane integrity, medium pH and extra cellular ionic concentration and serves as an indicator of cell health. The capacitance sensor uses the principle of charge sharing and maps sensed capacitance values to voltages. The sensor chip has been fabricated in a commercially available 0.5 mum, 2-poly 3-metal CMOS technology. The sensors have been successfully used for long term monitoring of cell viability in vitro
Energy Loss and Range of Electrons and Positrons (1956)

Tabulations of the mean energy loss due to ionization and excitation and the range derived from this quantity are given for electrons and positrons in several materials.
Focused ultrasound-mediated brain genome editing (2023)

Gene editing in the mammalian brain has been challenging because of the restricted transport imposed by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Current approaches rely on local injection to bypass the BBB. However, such administration is highly invasive and not amenable to treating certain delicate regions of the brain. We demonstrate a safe and effective gene editing technique by using focused ultrasound (FUS) to transiently open the BBB for the transport of intravenously delivered CRISPR/Cas9 machinery to the brain.
Total Synthesis of Pumiliotoxins 209F and 251D via Late-Stage, Nickel-Catalyzed Epoxide−Alkyne Reductive Cyclization (2007)

Pumiliotoxins 209F and 251D were synthesized using highly selective nickel-catalyzed epoxide-alkyne reductive cyclizations as the final step. The exocyclic (Z)-alkene found in the majority of the pumiliotoxins was formed stereospecifically and regioselectively, without the use of a directing group on the alkyne, and the epoxide underwent ring opening exclusively at the less hindered carbon to provide the requisite tertiary alcohol. The epoxides were prepared using diastereoselective addition of a sulfoxonium anion to a proline-derived methyl ketone.
A 14mA 2GHz 0.25µm CMOS quadrature demodulator including a low phase noise local oscillator (2001)

A 2GHz quadrature demodulator in 0.25µm CMOS with low phase noise oscillator is presented. The system consumes less than 14mA from 2.5V supply and shows excellent performance: Low phase noise meeting triple band GSM specs, image rejection of more than 40dB, 11dBm mixer ilP3 and 0dBm CP, combined with a low noise figure of 7.2dB (DSB). The low power consumption is a consequence of avoiding any buffer in the quadrature LO generation. However, this requires the VCO frequency to double to 4GHz. An oscillator with a tuned microstrip resonator is proposed to overcome the limitation of integrated spiral inductors.
Rare-earth tantalates and niobates suitable for use as nanophosphors (2023)

A family of rare-earth Group 5 oxides, where the Group 5 oxide is a niobate or tantalate. The rare-earth Group 5 oxides can be doped with suitable emitter ions to form nanophosphors.
Single‐ and Multiple‐Dose Pharmacokinetics of an Oral Once‐a‐Day Osmotic Controlled‐Release OROS® (methylphenidate HC1) Formulation (2000)

Methylphenidate is used for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). OROS (methylphenidate HCl) is an osmotic controlled-release delivery system designed for once-daily oral dosing. The pharmacokinetics of OROS (methylphenidate HCl) 18 mg qd, sustained-release (SR) methylphenidate 20 mg qd, and the immediate-release (IR) formulation given as three 5 mg doses every 4 hours (tid) were compared in adults. In addition, the single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of the OROS formulation were studied. Following OROS (methylphenidate HCl), there was a gradual increase in the mean methylphenidate plasma concentrations with peak concentrations noted at 6 to 8 hours. With the SR formulation, peak plasma concentrations were noted at approximately 4 hours. Following the IR regimen, methylphenidate plasma concentrations fluctuated in tandem with oral dosing; peak concentrations were noted at 6.5 hours. The terminal half-life of methylphenidate was similar for the three formulations. The dose-normalized methylphenidate Cmax for OROS (methylphenidate HCl) was significantly lower than for IR and SR methylphenidate. The bioavailability of methylphenidate and PPA from OROS (methylphenidate HCl) relative to the IR and SR formulations was complete. Mean methylphenidate AUC and terminal half-life were similar after single (32.9 ng.h/mL and 3.9 hours) and multiple doses (35.2 ng.h/mL and 3.9 hours) of OROS (methylphenidate HCl).
Comparison of three post-filtering algorithms for residual acoustic echo reduction (2002)

We consider an acoustic echo control system composed of a short conventional acoustic echo canceller combined with a post-filter in a teleconference context. The post-filter is implemented in an open-loop structure in the frequency domain, which provides good adaptive performance and flexibility for the choice of the post-filter length. Three post-filtering algorithms are compared in terms of residual echo attenuation and near-end speech distortion. The effect of the post-filter length is also examined. Our study confirms that the post-filtering approach provides high residual echo attenuation. Moreover, it appears that the distortion of the near-end speech can be controlled by choosing appropriately the post-filter length.
Book reviewsColonoscopy. Techniques, Clinical Practice and Colour Atlas. Ed. by HuntR. H. & WayeJ. D., pp. xii+412, 1981 (Associated Book Publishers, Andover), £30.00. ISBN 0–412–22710–X (1982)

Colonoscopy is as valuable an adjunct to the barium enema as gastroscopy is to barium meal. However, colonoscopy is less widely performed because it was thought to be a time-consuming and relatively hazardous technique. Recently there have been considerable technical advances in the design of the colonoscope and the procedure has become much quicker and safer.