gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vaporization and deposition of an intact polyimide precursor by resonant infrared pulsed laser ablation (2006)

Poly(amic acid) (PAA), a precursor to polyimide, was successfully deposited on substrates without reaching curing temperature, by resonant infrared pulsed laser ablation. The PAA was prepared by dissolving pyromellitic dianhydride and 4, 4' oxidianiline in the polar solvent N-methyl pyrrolidinone (NMP). RIR-PLD transferred material showed two distinct geometries, droplets and string-like moieties. The unaltered nature of the deposited PAA was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Thermal curing was achieved by heating for one hour on a 250°C hotplate, and the transformation to polyimide was demonstrated from changes in the FTIR spectrum following curing. Plume shadowgraphy showed very clear contrasts in the ablation mechanism between ablation of the solvent alone and the ablation of the PAA, with additional contrast shown between the various resonant frequencies used.
Schistosoma mansoni venom allergen-like proteins: phylogenetic relationships, stage-specific transcription and tissue localization as predictors of immunological cross-reactivity (2019)

Schistosoma mansoni venom allergen-like proteins (SmVALs) are part of a diverse protein superfamily partitioned into two groups (group 1 and group 2). Phylogenetic analyses of group 1 SmVALs revealed that members could be segregated into subclades (A-D); these subclades share similar gene expression patterns across the parasite lifecycle and immunological cross-reactivity. Furthermore, whole-mount in situ hybridization demonstrated that the phylogenetically, transcriptionally and immunologically-related SmVAL4, 10, 18 and 19 (subclade C) were all localized to the pre-acetabular glands of immature cercariae. Our results suggest that SmVAL group 1 phylogenetic relationships, stage-specific transcriptional profiles and tissue localization are predictive of immunological cross-reactivity.
Molecular analysis of Fiji Disease virus segments 2, 4 and 7 completes the genome sequence (2006)

The complete nucleotide sequences of Fiji disease virus (FDV) genome segments S2, S4 and S7 were determined. This now completes the sequencing of all ten dsRNA genome segments of the Fijivirus type member, FDV, which comprises a total of 29339 nt. FDV S2, S4 and S7 comprised 3820, 3568 and 2194 nt, respectively. S2 and S4 each contained a single open reading frame (ORF), which encoded putative proteins of 137 and 133 kDa, respectively, while S7 contained two ORFs, which encoded putative proteins of 42 and 37 kDa. The putative amino acid sequences of FDV S2 and S4 showed most similarity to the gene products of Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) S2 and RBSDV S3, respectively. The putative amino acid sequences of FDV S7 ORF I and II showed most similarity to Maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV) S6 ORF I and RBSDV S7 ORF II, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses showed that FDV was most closely related to the group 2 fijiviruses.
Localization of preferential sites of rearrangement within the BCR gene in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (1989)

The Philadelphia chromosome associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been linked to a hybrid BCR/ABL protein product that differs from that found in chronic myelogenous leukemia. This implies that the molecular structures of the two chromosomal translocations also differ. Localization of translocation breakpoints in Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL has been impeded due to the only partial characterization of the BCR locus. We have isolated the entire 130-kilobase BCR genomic locus from a human cosmid library. A series of five single-copy genomic probes from the 70-kilobase first intron of BCR were used to localize rearrangements in 8 of 10 Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALLs. We have demonstrated that these breakpoints are all located at the 3' end of the intron around an unusual restriction fragment length polymorphism caused by deletion of a 1-kilobase fragment containing Alu family reiterated sequences. This clustering is unexpected in light of previous theories of rearrangement in Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia that would have predicted a random dispersion of breakpoints in the first intron in Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL. The proximity of the translocation breakpoints to this constitutive deletion may indicate shared mechanisms of rearrangement or that such polymorphisms mark areas of the genome prone to recombination.
Stepwise deposition of metal organic frameworks on flexible synthetic polymer surfaces (2011)

Thin films of [Cu(3)(btc)(2)](n) (btc = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate) metal organic framework were deposited in a stepwise manner on surfaces of flexible organic polymers. The thickness of films can be precisely controlled. The deposition of the first cycles was monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy. The porosity was proven by the adsorption of pyrazine, which was monitored by FT-IR and thermogravimetric analysis. The deposition of MOF thin films on flexible polymer surfaces might be a new path for the fabrication of functional materials for different applications, such as protection layers for working clothes and gas separation materials in the textile industry.
Hearing tests are just child’s play: the sound scouts game for children entering school (2018)

Sound Scouts has specificity and sensitivity sufficiently high to provide hearing screening around the time children typically enter school.
Periodontal therapy by local delivery of tetracycline (1979)

The present investigation assessed the feasibility of treating periodontal disease by controlled delivery of antibacterial agents from within periodontal pockets. Tetracycline-filled hollow fibers placed in the gingival sulcus were shown to have a dramatic effect both on the periodontal microflora and clinical manifestations of disease. Furthermore, it was found that drug-filled cellulose acetate hollow fibers are biologically compatible with the environment and can be manipulated by dental personnel to provide drug therapy with less than 1/1000 the amount of tetracycline that would have been used for systemic therapy. Of theoretical importance is the observation that virtual elimination of spirochetes from the gingival sulcus is possible by a single placement of tetracycline-filled hollow fibers, and spirochetes, once eliminated from a site, do not rapidly recolonize despite the persistence of viable organisms elsewhere in the mouth.
K2S2O8 mediated synthesis of 5-aryldipyrromethanes and meso-substituted A4-tetraarylporphyrins (2021)

The synthesis of dipyrromethanes from pyrrole and arylglyoxylic acids in the presence of K 2 S 2 O 8 at 90 [Formula: see text]C is reported affording dipyrromethanes in very good yields. Unlike an excess pyrrole traditionally used in dipyrromethane synthesis, the current method uses a stoichiometric amount of pyrrole avoiding any use of Brønsted or Lewis acid. A gram scale synthesis of 5-phenyldipyrromethane is also achieved demonstrating potential scale up of dipyrromethanes using this method feasible. Subsequently, dipyrromethanes were converted to A 4 -tetraarylporphyrins also in the presence of K 2 S 2 O 8 at 90[Formula: see text]C. A direct synthesis of A 4 -tetraphenylporphyrin from excess pyrrole and phenylglyoxylic acid in the presence of K 2 S 2 O 8 at 90[Formula: see text]C is also reported.
Semaphorin 4D promotes inhibitory synapse formation and suppresses seizures in vivo (2018)

Our findings suggest a novel approach to treating acute seizures: harnessing synaptogenic molecules to enhance connectivity in the inhibitory network.
Predicting dark respiration rates of wheat leaves from hyperspectral reflectance (2019)

Greater availability of leaf dark respiration (R<sub>dark</sub> ) data could facilitate breeding efforts to raise crop yield and improve global carbon cycle modelling. However, the availability of R<sub>dark</sub> data is limited because it is cumbersome, time consuming, or destructive to measure. We report a non-destructive and high-throughput method of estimating R<sub>dark</sub> from leaf hyperspectral reflectance data that was derived from leaf R<sub>dark</sub> measured by a destructive high-throughput oxygen consumption technique. We generated a large dataset of leaf R<sub>dark</sub> for wheat (1380 samples) from 90 genotypes, multiple growth stages, and growth conditions to generate models for R<sub>dark</sub> . Leaf R<sub>dark</sub> (per unit leaf area, fresh mass, dry mass or nitrogen, N) varied 7- to 15-fold among individual plants, whereas traits known to scale with R<sub>dark</sub> , leaf N, and leaf mass per area (LMA) only varied twofold to fivefold. Our models predicted leaf R<sub>dark</sub> , N, and LMA with r<sup>2</sup> values of 0.50-0.63, 0.91, and 0.75, respectively, and relative bias of 17-18% for R<sub>dark</sub> and 7-12% for N and LMA. Our results suggest that hyperspectral model prediction of wheat leaf R<sub>dark</sub> is largely independent of leaf N and LMA. Potential drivers of hyperspectral signatures of R<sub>dark</sub> are discussed.
Fingerprint lines may not directly affect SA-I mechanoreceptor response (2008)

Understanding how skin microstructure affects slowly adapting type I (SA-I) mechanoreceptors in encoding edge discontinuities is fundamental to understanding our sense of touch. Skin microstructure, in particular papillary ridges, has been thought to contribute to edge and gap sensation. Cauna's 1954 model of touch sensibility describes a functional relationship between papillary ridges and edge sensation. His lever arm model proposes that the papillary ridge (exterior fingerprint line) and underlying intermediate ridge operate as a single unit, with the intermediate ridge acting as a lever which magnifies indentation imposed at the papillary ridge. This paper contests the validity of the lever arm model. While correctly representing the anatomy, this mechanism inaccurately characterizes the function of the papillary ridges. Finite element analysis and assessment of the critical anatomy indicate that papillary ridges have little direct effect on how SA-I receptors respond to the indentation of static edges. Our analysis supports a revised (stiff shell-elastic bending support) interpretation where the epidermis is split into two major layers with a stiff, deformable shell over an elastic bending support. Recent physiological, electrophysiological, and psychophysical findings support our conclusion that the function of the intermediate ridge is distinct from the function of the papillary ridge.
Distinct Mineral Weathering Behaviors of the Novel Mineral-Weathering Strains Rhizobium yantingense H66 and Rhizobium etli CFN42 (2016)

This study reported the potash feldspar weathering, the cell adsorption capacity of the mineral surfaces, and the metabolic differences between the novel mineral-weathering Rhizobium yantingense H66 and Rhizobium etli CFN42 under different nutritional conditions. The results showed that Rhizobium yantingense H66 had a greater ability to weather the mineral in low- and high-glucose media, especially in the low-glucose medium. Furthermore, Rhizobium yantingense H66 promoted mineral weathering through the increased adsorption of cells to the mineral surface and through increased organic acid production. Our results allow us to better comprehend the roles of different rhizobia in silicate mineral weathering, element cycling, and soil formation in various soil environments, providing more insight into the geomicrobial contributions of rhizobia to these processes.
Manufacturing parameters influencing fire resistance of geopolymers: A review (2016)

Geopolymers exhibit various unique properties and characteristics, including high compressive strength, high temperature stability, and low thermal conductivity. As a relatively new and perspective material, the behavior of geopolymers subjected to high temperatures is being intensively studied nowadays. This review summarizes the recent achievements in the development of geopolymer-based fire resistance materials. Technological parameters, which influence thermal behavior of geopolymer-based materials, are also discussed. Besides that, recent applications of geopolymers according to their composition are presented.
IQNAS: Interpretable Integer Quadratic Programming Neural Architecture Search (2021)

Realistic use of neural networks often requires adhering to multiple constraints on latency, energy and memory among others. A popular approach to find fitting networks is through constrained Neural Architecture Search (NAS). However, previous methods use complicated predictors for the accuracy of the network. Those predictors are hard to interpret and sensitive to many hyperparameters to be tuned, hence, the resulting accuracy of the generated models is often harmed. In this work we resolve this by introducing Interpretable Integer Quadratic programming Neural Architecture Search (IQNAS), that is based on an accurate and simple quadratic formulation of both the accuracy predictor and the expected resource requirement, together with a scalable search method with theoretical guarantees. The simplicity of our proposed predictor together with the intuitive way it is constructed bring interpretability through many insights about the contribution of different design choices. For example, we find that in the examined search space, adding depth and width is more effective at deeper stages of the network and at the beginning of each resolution stage. Our experiments show that IQNAS generates comparable to or better architectures than other state-of-the-art NAS methods within a reduced search cost for each additional generated network, while strictly satisfying the resource constraints.
Agonist-induced internalization and recycling of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor in transfected fibroblasts and in insulinomas (1995)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is the most potent stimulator of glucose-induced insulin secretion and its pancreatic beta-cell receptor is a member of a new subfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors which includes the receptors for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, secretin and glucagon. Here we studied agonist-induced GLP-1 receptor internalization in receptor-transfected Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts using three different approaches. First, iodinated GLP-1 bound at 4 degrees C to transfected cells was internalized with a t 1/2 of 2-3 min following warming up of the cells to 37 degrees C. Secondly, exposure to GLP-1 induced a shift in the distribution of the receptors from plasma membrane-enriched to endosomes-enriched membrane fractions, as assessed by Western blot detection of the receptors using specific antibodies. Thirdly, continuous exposure of GLP-1 receptor-expressing cells to iodinated GLP-1 led to a linear accumulation of peptide degradation products in the medium following a lag time of 20-30 min, indicating a continuous cycling of the receptor between the plasma membrane and endosomal compartments. Potassium depletion and hypertonicity inhibited transferrin endocytosis, a process known to occur via coated pit formation, as well as GLP-1 receptor endocytosis. In contrast to GLP-1, the antagonist exendin-(9-39) did not lead to receptor endocytosis. Surface re-expression following one round of GLP-1 receptor endocytosis occurred with a half-time of about 15 min. The difference in internalization and surface re-expression rates led to a progressive redistribution of the receptor in intracellular compartments upon continuous exposure to GLP-1. Finally, endogenous GLP-1 receptors expressed by insulinoma cells were also found to be internalized upon agonist binding. Together our data demonstrate that the GLP-1 receptor is internalized upon agonist binding by a route similar to that taken by single transmembrane segment receptors. The characterization of the pathway and kinetics of GLP-1-induced receptor endocytosis will be helpful towards understanding the role of internalization and recycling in the control of signal transduction by this receptor.
Balancing ion parameters and fluorocarbon chemical reactants for SiO2 pattern transfer control using fluorocarbon-based atomic layer etching (2019)

In manufacturing, etch profiles play a significant role in device patterning. Here, the authors present a study of the evolution of etch profiles of nanopatterned silicon oxide using a chromium hard mask and a CHF3/Ar atomic layer etching in a conventional inductively coupled plasma tool. The authors show the effect of substrate electrode temperature, chamber pressure, and electrode forward power on the etch profile evolution of nanopatterned silicon oxide. Chamber pressure has an especially significant role, with lower pressure leading to lower etch rates and higher pattern fidelity. The authors also find that at higher electrode forward power, the physical component of etching increases and more anisotropic etching is achieved. By carefully tuning the process parameters, the authors are able to find the best conditions to achieve aspect-ratio independent etching and high fidelity patterning, with an average sidewall angle of 87° ± 1.5° and undercut values as low as 3.7 ± 0.5% for five trench sizes ranging from 150 to 30 nm. Furthermore, they provide some guidelines to understand the impact of plasma parameters on plasma ion distribution and thus on the atomic layer etching process.
The development of a cavitation free sodium pump for the breeder reactor (1986)

The sodium pumps for a liquid metal fast breeder reactor must be designed for exceptionally high reliability and long life. The principal adverse factor which tends to limit the primary pump life is cavitation which becomes potentially severe under off-design flow conditions caused by the requirement of two loop operations which resulted in a large operating flow range. This problem prompted an extensive study which included experimental investigations of scaled down and full size pumps. The investigations involved visual observations, acoustic signature recordings, and physical characteristic measurements of the model and full size impellers. The blade configuration of the model was modified several times. After each modification intensive testing was conducted with feedback to established design criteria. The results obtained from the final configuration showed excellent cavitation performance. This configuration was then machined on the full scale impeller and tested. The results confirmed acceptable performance in the entire range of operating conditions. This paper describes the test facilities erected for this study, discusses the experimental techniques employed, and presents the experimental techniques employed, and presents a sample of the experimental results.
Simple Ears Inspire Frequency Agility in an Engineered Acoustic Sensor System (2017)

Standard microphones and ultrasonic devices are generally designed with a static and flat frequency response in order to address multiple acoustic applications. However, they may not be flexible or adaptable enough to deal with some requirements. For instance, when operated in noisy environments such devices may be vulnerable to wideband background noise which will require further signal processing techniques to remove it, generally relying on digital processor units. In this paper, we consider if microphones and ultrasonic devices could be designed to be sensitive only at selected frequencies of interest, whilst also providing flexibility in order to adapt to the different signals of interest and to deal with environmental demands. This research exploits the concept where the “transducer becomes part of the signal processing chain” by exploring feedback processes between mechanical and electrical mechanisms that together can enhance peripheral sound processing. This capability is present within a biological acoustic system, namely in the ears of certain moths. That was used as the model of inspiration for a smart acoustic sensor system which provides dynamic adaptation of its frequency response with amplitude and time dependence according to the input signal of interest.
Modeling of light and sound interaction in nanoscale waveguides and cavities (2017)

International audience
Towards Scalable and Reliable In-Memory Storage System: A Case Study with Redis (2016)

In recent years, in-memory key-value storage systems have become more and more popular in solving real-time and interactive tasks. Compared with disks, memories have much higher throughput and lower latency which enables them to process data requests with much higher performance. However, since memories have much smaller capacity than disks, how to expand the capacity of in-memory storage system while maintain its high performance become a crucial problem. At the same time, since data in memories are non-persistent, the data may be lost when the system is down. In this paper, we make a case study with Redis, which is one popular in-memory key-value storage system. We find that although the latest release of Redis support clustering so that data can be stored in distributed nodes to support a larger storage capacity, its performance is limited by its decentralized design that clients usually need two connections to get their request served. To make the system more scalable, we propose a Clientside Key-to-Node Caching method that can help direct request to the right service node. Experimental results show that by applying this technique, it can significantly improve the system's performance by near 2 times. We also find that although Redis supports data replication on slave nodes to ensure data safety, it still gets a chance of losing a part of the data due to a weak consistency between master and slave nodes that its defective order of data replication and request reply may lead to losing data without notifying the client. To make it more reliable, we propose a Master-slave Semi Synchronization method which utilizes TCP protocol to ensure the order of data replication and request reply so that when a client receives an "OK" message, the corresponding data must have been replicated. With a significant improvement in data reliability, its performance overhead is limited within 5%.