gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A fast quadrature-based gravity model for the homogeneous polyhedron (2019)

ABSTRACT To date several probes have been sent to explore the Solar system’s asteroids and comets. These bodies are often irregular in shape and to safely navigate probes in their vicinity accurate gravity models are required. For an arbitrarily shaped constant-density body, the gravitational field can be determined from the surface topology and bulk properties. This is achieved by replacing the body’s true geometry with a polyhedron that closely resembles it and for which analytic equations for the gravitational field exist. For some applications however, these equations are too computationally expensive and it can be beneficial to replace them with numerically amenable approximations. In this work, a numerical-quadrature-based model for the gravitational field of a polyhedron consisting of triangular facets is derived. The proposed approximate model is found to be faster than its analytic counterpart. The error of the approximation is found to be negligible for the potential and Laplacian calculations. The approximate model introduces singularities to the surface of the acceleration calculation degrading the solution at altitudes less than the average edge length of the polyhedron.
Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Clinical Staphylococcus aureus from Healthcare Institutions in Ghana (2014)

The objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and clonal diversity of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Ghana. A total of 308 S. aureus isolates from six healthcare institutions located across Northern, Central and Southern Ghana were characterized by antibiotyping, spa typing and PCR detection of Panton Valentine leukocin (PVL) genes. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were confirmed by PCR detection of mecA gene and further characterized by SCCmec and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was below 5% for all agents tested except for penicillin (97%), tetracycline (42%) and erythromycin (6%). Ninety-one spa types were found, with t355 (ST152, 19%), t084 (ST15, 12%) and t314 (ST121, 6%) being the most frequent types. Based on established associations between spa and MLST types, isolates were assigned to 16 clonal complexes (CCs): CC152 (n = 78), CC15 (n = 57), CC121 (n = 39), CC8 (n = 36), CC5 (n = 33), CC1 (n = 29), CC45 (n = 9), CC88 (n = 8), CC30 (n = 4), CC9 (n = 3), CC25 (n = 2), CC97 (n = 2) CC20 (n = 2), CC707 (n = 2), CC7 (n = 3) and CC522 (n = 1). Most isolates (60%) were PVL-positive, especially those belonging to ST152, ST121, ST5, ST15, ST1, ST8, and ST88. Nine (3%) isolates were MRSA belonging to seven distinct clones: ST88-IV (n = 2), ST250-I (n = 2), ST8-IV (n = 1), ST72-V (n = 1), ST789-IV (n = 1), ST2021-V (n = 1), and ST239-III (n = 1). The study confirmed a high frequency of PVL-positive S. aureus in Africa, low prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and high diversity of MRSA lineages in Ghana compared to developed countries and other African countries. The detection of known pandemic MRSA clones in the absence of routine MRSA identification in most Ghanaian clinical microbiology laboratories calls for capacity building to strengthen surveillance and prevent spread of these clones.
Thin-Layer Chromatographic Separation, Identification; and Determination of Certain Anions (1995)

Journal Article Thin-Layer Chromatographic Separation, Identification; and Determination of Certain Anions Get access Ali Mohammad, Ali Mohammad * Analytical Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Z. H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India *Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sharad Tiwari, Sharad Tiwari Analytical Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Z. H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jay Pal Singh Chahar Jay Pal Singh Chahar Analytical Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Z. H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 33, Issue 3, March 1995, Pages 143–147, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/33.3.143 Published: 01 March 1995 Article history Received: 18 June 1993 Revision received: 14 March 1994 Published: 01 March 1995
Extrasynaptic glutamate release through cystine/glutamate antiporter contributes to ischemic damage (2014)

During brain ischemia, an excessive release of glutamate triggers neuronal death through the overactivation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs); however, the underlying pathways that alter glutamate homeostasis and whether synaptic or extrasynaptic sites are responsible for excess glutamate remain controversial. Here, we monitored ischemia-gated currents in pyramidal cortical neurons in brain slices from rodents in response to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) as a real-time glutamate sensor to identify the source of glutamate release and determined the extent of neuronal damage. Blockade of excitatory amino acid transporters or vesicular glutamate release did not inhibit ischemia-gated currents or neuronal damage after OGD. In contrast, pharmacological inhibition of the cystine/glutamate antiporter dramatically attenuated ischemia-gated currents and cell death after OGD. Compared with control animals, mice lacking a functional cystine/glutamate antiporter exhibited reduced anoxic depolarization and neuronal death in response to OGD. Furthermore, glutamate released by the cystine/glutamate antiporter activated extrasynaptic, but not synaptic, NMDARs, and blockade of extrasynaptic NMDARs reduced ischemia-gated currents and cell damage after OGD. Finally, PET imaging showed increased cystine/glutamate antiporter function in ischemic rats. Altogether, these data suggest that cystine/glutamate antiporter function is increased in ischemia, contributing to elevated extracellular glutamate concentration, overactivation of extrasynaptic NMDARs, and ischemic neuronal death.
Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury of Adipofascial Tissue: An Experimental Study Evaluating Early Histologic and Biochemical Alterations in Rats (2005)

Fat necrosis remains a serious complication in reconstructive flaps. In clinical setting, it is well known that fat tissue is more susceptible to ischemic events. We aimed to evaluate early histological and biochemical changes of adipofascial tissue in an experimental model. An epigastric flap model in rats was used to evaluate the effect of ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury on adipofascial tissue. Two groups of animals (one with ischemia alone and other ischemia-reperfusion group) were used to evaluate the degree of histological edema, congestion and extravascular bleeding, and early biochemical alterations within the adipofascial flaps. The biochemical parameters included glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). In each group, contralateral groin subcutaneous adipose tissue served as control. These evaluations were compared to normal unmanipulated, contralateral abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. The ischemia-reperfused flap group showed histologically significantly much edema congestion and bleeding than the control groups (P<.0001). The control group showed less edema in fat tissue than the ischemia-alone group (P<.05). All of the flaps in the ischemia-only group showed significantly less bleeding and edema than I-R group (P<.001). The ratio of MDA/GSH was 33 in control, 37 in ischemia alone, and 82 in ischemia-reperfusion groups, respectively. This study confirms that significant histologic and biochemical alteration occurs after ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion events in adipose tissue. Marked drop in adipose tissue antioxidant levels after I-R suggested that preemptive measures to this decrease should be undertaken in clinical settings.
Recurrent perimyocarditis following a non penetrating chest trauma. A case report. (1996)

A young man, after a non penetrating chest trauma, developed recurrent episodes of fever, chest pain, pleural and pericardial effusion, without laboratory evidence of viral infections, or positivity for conventional autoimmunity markers. A clearcut positivity for more specific cardiac autoantibodies, against Beta 1 adrenoceptors (AB1AA), was found (at all dilutions from 1:20 to 1:160). A full dosage of Prednisone rapidly relieved all symptoms, whereas antibiotic therapy had been previously uneffective. At a follow-up control after three months, the patient was healed and AB1AA were positive only at dilutions 1:20 and 1:40. As silent viral myocarditis was apparently ruled out by serological negativity for viral infections, it is possible that autoimmunity could have played a primary pathogenetic role for the development of pericarditis in this patient. Further work is needed to ascertain whether or not AB1AA detection could be a specific marker of cardiac autoimmunity phenomena.
Outbreak of multidrug resistant Salmonella Newport due to the consumption of horsemeat in France (2003)

From May to June 2003, a total of 14 human cases of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Newport
Motion control of a wall climbing robot with coaxial propeller thruster (2017)

This paper reports the motion control of a wall climbing robot. The robot has a pair of driving wheels and a coaxial propeller thruster. Two wheels are used for running on walls, and the thruster located on a gimbal mechanism is controlled corresponding to the orientation of the robot and the slope angle of the wall. The orientation control of the gimbal mechanism is newly proposed, and is experimentally verified as to the spinning motion and translational motion of the robot on a slope.
On the Need for Low Energy Proton Testing of Space Solar Cells (2006)

A quantitative analysis of low energy proton effects on space solar cell materials is presented. The results show that the space environment produces a uniform damage distribution, so any effects caused by the non-uniform damage profile induced by monoenergetic ground testing will not be seen on orbit. The solar cell space radiation response is shown to be best represented by ground testing with protons of high enough energy to fully penetrate the solar cell active region (on the order of 1 MeV or greater). Calculations are also performed for the case of an unshielded solar cell representative of a thin-film solar cell. A non-uniform damage profile is observed in an unshielded cell, but the profile is seen to decrease with depth with no Bragg peak forming. Therefore, ground testing at extremely low energies where the proton stops within the cell active region does not accurately model the space environment effects. Addition of a coating as thin as 10 mum is seen to render the damage profile essentially uniform
The participatory public library: the Nordic experience (2016)

Purpose From collection to connection has been a buzzword in the library world for more than a decade. This catchy phrase indicates that users are seen not only as borrowers, but as active participants. The aim of this paper is to investigate and analyse three questions in relation to user participation in public libraries in a Nordic perspective. How can participation in public libraries be characterised? Why should libraries deal with user participation? What kinds of different user participation can be identified in public libraries? Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a selection of theoretical approaches and practical examples to obtain a varied understanding of user participation in public libraries. Research fields outside library and information science have developed a wide range of theoretical approaches on user participation. Examples from cultural policy, museum studies and participatory culture are selected to get a deeper understanding on participation in public libraries. The practical examples are chosen to illustrate the richness of different kinds of user participation in libraries. Findings There are six forms of active participation in libraries: volunteer programmes, interactive displays, workshops, co-creation, user-driven innovation and book clubs. Originality/value This paper is an overall synthesis of theoretical and practical aspects of user participation in public libraries. Furthermore, the paper challenges the deeply rooted assumption that participation in libraries takes place almost exclusively within digital contexts.
Extraluminal Laser Angioplasty (ELAN) - Laser Tissue removal of arterial wall for restoration of wall flexibility and methods for therapy control (2003)

ELAN is a new method for treating atherosclerotic vessels. Its purpose is to restore the wall flexibility by removing arterial wall tissue from the outer arterial layer. This leads to expansion of the narrowed vessel resulting in an increased blood flow. We present results of treatment of arteries in vitro. The Tissue removal was done by excimer-laser ablation using ns-pulses of 193nm wavelength. We also discuss two possible methods for therapy control. OCT images and light diffusion measurements are presented.
Artificial intelligence to reduce practice variation in the ICU (2008)

Practice variation refers to how identical patients with exactly the same comorbidities and clinical presentation are managed differently by clinicians. It is increasingly recognized as a major contributor to inefficiencies in healthcare delivery as well as medical errors. The ICU is a place where significant practice variation exists. In this project, the concept of extracting information from a large database in order to reduce practice variation and facilitate care customization is explored. Calculation of maintenance fluid requirement was selected to investigate the feasibility of this approach.
Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Antiplasmodial Investigations of Terminalia brownii (2013)

Phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of stem bark extract of an African medicinal plant <i>Terminalia brownii</i> led to the isolation of a new oleanane-type triterpenoid, along with seven known triterpenoids, seven ellagic acid derivatives, and 3-<i>O</i>-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol. The new compound was identified using spectroscopic methods, notably 1D- and 2D NMR, as 3β,24-<i>O</i>-ethylidenyl-2α,19α-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antiplasmodial activities. Two compounds with a galloyl group (<b>4</b> and <b>6</b>) were found to be active against chloroquine sensitive (D6) and chloroquine resistant (W2) strains of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>, whereas three ellagic acid derivatives (<b>5</b>-<b>7</b>) were found active against three species of fungi and one species of bacteria.
Los museos y centros de interpretación de medio ambiente en Aragón: entre el impulso institucional, la inspiración crítica y la supervivencia (2011)

El artículo reflexiona sobre los distintos ámbitos que comprenden los denominados museos de medio ambiente, describe los diferentes tipos que pueden encontrarse y realiza un análisis de sus características en Aragón, atendiendo a sus principales características museológicas y museográficas,para proponer que respondan más a un enfoque integrado de dos disciplinas, la educación ambiental y la interpretación del patrimonio.
Cellular and molecular aspects of fat metabolism in the small intestine (1996)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the 'Save PDF' action button.
PCA Reactions with Mouse Antibodies in Mice and Rats (1975)

Mouse IgE was titrated in rats. The sensitization period was 2 h. The results were consistent and corresponded to the titers obtained in young adults SJL mice using a sensitization period of 48 h. With longer sensitization periods in rats, higher antibody titers were obtained. The optimum sensitization period in rats was found to be 48 h. Old CFW mice are inadequate for mouse IgE titration. IgG1 will not give a PCA reaction in rats. IgG1 titers are higher in SJL or A/J mice than in young CFW mice, and markedly higher than in old CFW mice.
Transmission loss of a panel with tuned vibration absorbers (2008)

The transmission loss of a rectangular panel with numerous discrete tuned vibration absorbers is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The 49 tuned vibration absorbers have a linear distribution of resonance frequencies and were arranged in grid pattern on the rectangular plate. The transmission loss of the plate was measured between two reverberation chambers and was compared with theoretical predictions. In addition, theoretical predictions and experimental measurements were conducted on a similar system where each vibration absorber was replaced with the equivalent mass of the absorber. The numerical computations were conducted on a distributed computing network comprising 200 desktop computers. The results indicate the improvement in sound transmission loss that can be achieved, greater than merely increasing the thickness of the panel (mass law), and also provides a data set for comparison with predictions involving the use of fuzzy-structure theory.
Integrated Global Surveillance and Navigation System (2002)

The authors present an economic and effective approach to obtain much needed global ATC surveillance and area navigation capabilities for the coming decades. Moreover, they show an approach to the increasingly important function of collision warning/avoidance that is economically viable for the smallest aircraft while providing precise data for horizontal as well as vertical escapes for all aircraft. Further, they present an approach that would provide landing guidance through flare, touchdown and rollout that has substantial economies in both ground facilities and airborne avionics. They also show how the modification and expansion of the ATC Mode-S transponder system in evolutionary steps can accomplish these goals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The effect of genetic variation in chemokines and their receptorson HIV transmission and progression to AIDS (2000)

The pivotal discovery that two chemokine receptors, CCR5 and CXCR4, serve along with the T-cell receptor-interacting CD4 molecule as the principal co-receptors for HIV-1 entry stimulated a search for common genetic polymorphism in their genes which might affect the course of AIDS. Four mutational variants, CCR5-delta32, CCR5-P1, CCR2-641 and SDF1-3'A were discovered to play a regulatory role in HIV-1 infection, in the rate of progression to AIDS or both. Plausible physiological mechanisms to explain the population genetic association by these alleles have been advanced and are discussed critically here. Genetic ablation of AIDS progression by chemokine receptor and ligand gene variants has catalyzed development of novel therapies targeting the virus-co-receptor interaction. The functional and therapeutic implications of these AIDS restriction genes for disease progression and intervention are explored in this review.
Estimated genetic parameters for growth traits of German shepherd dog and Labrador retriever dog guides. (2001)

A desirable dog guide weighs 18 to 32 kg and measures 53 to 64 cm in height at the withers as an adult. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated for birth weight, 42-d weight, mature weight, and mature height for 2,334 German shepherd dogs and 2,028 Labrador retrievers raised by the Seeing Eye, Inc., Morristown, NJ, from 1979 to 1997. Data included 5,006 observations for German shepherd dogs from 113 dams and 33 sires and 4,123 observations for Labrador retrievers from 89 dams and 29 sires. A mixed effects model was considered with sex and birth year as fixed effects. Random effects were animal, maternal, and litter incorporating all pedigree information available. A derivative-free REML method was used to estimate parameters. The maternal component was higher than the additive genetic component for birth weight. Heritability of mature weight was estimated as 0.57 +/- 0.07 for German shepherd dogs and 0.44 +/- 0.07 for Labrador retrievers. Mature height heritability was estimated as 0.35 +/- 0.08 for German shepherd dogs and 0.46 +/- 0.08 for Labrador retrievers. Selection for lighter dogs at maturity is predicted to decrease the average mature height, and selection for taller dogs at maturity is predicted to increase the average mature weight. The estimated genetic parameters will aid in the development of strategies to increase the probability of breeding dogs for optimum mature size.
Comparison of methods for determining the effectiveness of antibacterial functionalized textiles (2017)

Antimicrobial functionalization of textiles is important for various applications, such as protection of textile materials from decomposition, generation of more effective wound dressings, and the prevention of infections or malodors resulting from bacterial growth. In order to test the efficacy of new products, their antibacterial activity needs to be evaluated. At present, several different procedures are being used for this purpose, hindering comparisons among different studies. The present paper compares five of these assays using a sample panel of different textiles functionalized with copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) as antibacterial agents, and discusses the suitability of these methods for different analytical requirements. Bacterial viability was determined by measuring the optical density at 600 nm, a colorimetric assay based on MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) conversion, an agar diffusion assay, and colony formation, either after culturing in media containing textile samples, or after recovery from textiles soaked with bacterial suspension. All experiments were performed with a Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and a Gram-positive (Staphylococcus warneri) model organism. In general, the results yielded by the different methods were of good comparability. To identify the most suitable test system for the particular type of antibacterial coating, several factors need to be taken into account, such as choosing appropriate endpoints for analyzing passive or active antibacterial effects, selection of relevant microorganisms, correcting for potential interference by leaching of colored textile coatings, required hands on time, and the necessary sensitivity.