gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PROCEEDINGS, INDONESIAN PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION Thirty-Second Annual Convention & Exhibition, May 2008 3D VSP FINITE-DIFFERENCE ACOUSTIC MODELING TO ADDRESS ADVANCE SEISMIC IMAGING CHALLENGES IN BINTUNI BAY - IRIAN JAYA BARAT (2011)

In this paper, we present a 3D VSP forward modeling study using finite difference acoustic modeling to obtain high resolution images of thin channel Paleocene reservoirs underneath massively distorting thick karstified carbonate. Finite difference 3D VSP leverages the advanced techniques of surface seismic modeling to optimize subsurface images from the challenging complex geological structure. The 3D VSP image quality varies depending on receivers geometries (receiver spacing, array length and receiver depth along borehole). A previous finite difference seismic model, which was based on the subsurface complexities over Wiriagar Deep field, was used to generate multiple 3D VSP synthetic seismic volumes. 3DVSPs were simulated from two pseudo wells based on deviated trajectories similar to current development wells being drilled in a nearby field. Well paths were designed along two different azimuths spaced to provide enough data coverage in the overlapping area such that the two VSPs could be merged onto one volume. A dense shot grid was centered over the well surface location. Synthetic shot gathers were extracted from FD model for multiple acquisition geometries (receiver length, depth location and array movements). The output data were 3D Pre Stack Depth Migrated volumes. Data analysis indicated most of the significant geologic boundaries of Paleocene are easily visible on the 3D VSP volumes. The data quality also indicates some individual channel bodies within the
Muscle-Pair Specific Distribution and Grip-Type Modulation of Neural Common Input to Extrinsic Digit Flexors (2006)

To gain insight into the synergistic control of hand muscles, we have recently quantified the strength of correlated neural activity across motor units from extrinsic digit flexors during a five-digit object-hold task. We found stronger synchrony and coherence across motor units from thumb and index finger flexor muscle compartment than between the thumb flexor and other finger flexor muscle compartments. The present study of two-digit object hold was designed to determine the extent to which such distribution of common input among thumb-finger flexor muscle compartments, revealed by holding an object with five digits, is preserved when varying the functional role of a given digit pair. We recorded normal force exerted by the digits and electrical activity of single motor units from muscle flexor pollicis longus (FPL) and two compartments of the m. flexor digitorum profundus (FDP2 and FDP3; index and middle finger, respectively). Consistent with our previous results from five-digit grasping, synchrony and coherence across motor units from FPL-FDP2 was significantly stronger than in FPL-FDP3 during object hold with two digits [common input strength: 0.49 +/- 0.02 and 0.35 +/- 0.02 (means +/- SE), respectively; peak coherence: 0.0054 and 0.0038, respectively]. This suggests that the distribution of common neural input is muscle-pair specific regardless of grip type. However, the strength of coherence, but not synchrony, was significantly stronger in two- versus five-digit object hold for both muscle combinations, suggesting the periodicity of common input is sensitive to grip type.
Laser wavelength selection for Raman spectroscopy of microbial pigments in situ in Antarctic desert ecosystem analogues of former habitats on Mars (2002)

The vital ultraviolet- (UV-) protective and photosynthetic pigments of cyanobacteria and lichens (microbial symbioses) that dominate primary production in Antarctic desert ecosystems auto-fluoresce at short wavelengths. We therefore use a long-wavelength (1064 nm) infrared laser for non-intrusive in situ Raman spectrometry of their ecologically significant compounds (especially pigments). To confirm that the power loss at this longer wavelength is justified to avoid swamping by background fluorescence, we compared Raman spectra obtained with excitation at 1064, 852, 830, 785, 633 and 515 nm. These are typical of lasers used for Raman spectroscopy. We analysed communities of the cyanobacterium Nostoc commune and the highly pigmented lichens Acarospora chlorophana and Caloplaca saxicola . These require screening compounds (e.g. pigments such as scytonemin in cyanobacteria and rhizocarpic acid in the fungal symbiont of lichens). They are augmented by quenching pigments (e.g. carotenoids) to dissipate the energy of free radicals generated by penetrating UV. We also analysed organisms having avoidance strategies (e.g. endolithic communities within translucent rocks, including the common cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis ). These require accessory pigments for photosynthesis at very low light intensities. Although some organisms gave useable Raman spectra with short-wavelength lasers, 1064 nm was the only excitation that was consistently excellent for all organisms. We conclude that a 1064 nm Raman spectrometer, miniaturized using an InGaAs detector, is the optimal instrument for in situ studies of pigmented microbial communities at the limits of life on Earth. This has practical potential for the quest for biomolecules residual from any former surface life on Mars.
Visual outcome comparison of unilateral versus bilateral implantation of apodized diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction (2009)

Although unilateral implantation of a multifocal IOL provided patients with high levels of spectacle freedom and good visual acuity without compromising contrast sensitivity, overall clinical results favored bilateral implantation.
Large molecules as anti-adhesive compounds against pathogens (2007)

Anti-adhesive compounds are potential prophylactic tools in alternative treatment regimes against bacterial infection, as bacterial adhesion is commonly mediated by carbohydrate-protein interactions between surface adhesions of microorganisms and the host cell. The use of exogenous polyvalent, high-molecular carbohydrates and tannin-like plant-derived compounds should antagonize the adhesive interaction. A range of carbohydrates and carbohydrate- and proanthocyanidin-enriched plant extracts were screened for potential anti-adhesive effects against Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter jejuni, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans in different in-situ assays on primary tissue. The adhesion of H. pylori on human stomach tissue was effectively blocked by glucuronic acid-enriched polysaccharides from immature okra fruits (Abelmoschus esculentus). These compounds also had strong in-vitro effects against C. jejuni (inhibition up to 80%), but were ineffective in an in-vivo study in infected chicken broilers due to metabolism in the gastrointestinal system. Polysaccharides from Glycyrrhizia glabra, also enriched with glucuronic acid, showed strong anti-adhesive properties against H. pylori and P. gingivalis (inhibition 60-70%). Pelargonium sidoides extract, containing mainly polymeric proanthocyanidins, was effective against H. pylori in a dose-dependent manner. Due to the multifunctional adhesive strategy of C. albicans, no effective compounds were detected against this yeast. Structure-activity relationships are presented and the potential in-vivo use of carbohydrate-based anti-adhesives is discussed.
PureB single-photon avalanche diodes for low-energy electron detection down to 200  eV (2015)

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) have been fabricated on Si using PureB (Pure Boron) chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) to create both a nanometer-thin anode junction and a robust front-entrance window. The device shows high sensitivity to low radiation levels of electrons with energies down to 200 eV when measurements are performed at room temperature where the dark count rate can be as low as 10 Hz. An implicit guard ring, using an n-enhancement implantation in the central region of the diode, is applied, and this gives a very uniform sensitivity across the whole front-entrance window.
Front and Rear Vehicle Detection Using Hypothesis Generation and Verification (2013)

Vehicle detection in traffic scenes is an important issue in driver assistance systems and self-guided vehicles that includes two stages of Hypothesis Generation (HG) and Hypothesis Verification (HV). The both stages are important and challenging. In the first stage, potential vehicles are hypothesized and in the second stage, all hypotheses are verified and classified into vehicle and non-vehicle classes. In this paper, we present a method for detecting front and rear on-road vehicles without lane information and prior knowledge about the position of the road. In the HG stage, a three-step method including shadow, texture and symmetry clues is applied. In the HV stage, we extract Pyramid Histograms of Oriented Gradients (PHOG) features from a traffic image as basic features to detect vehicles. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to these PHOG feature vectors as a dimension reduction tool to obtain the PHOG-PCA vectors. Then, we use Genetic Algorithm (GA) and linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) to improve the performance and generalization of the PHOG-PCA features. Experimental results of the proposed HV stage showed good classification accuracy of more than 97% correct classification on realistic on-road vehicle dataset images and also it has better classification accuracy in comparison with other approaches.
Prof. Temes and Switched-Capacitor Circuits?Thirty-Five Years and Counting (2013)

I first met Prof. Gabor C. Temes in early 1978 while a Ph.D. candidate at UC Berkeley working with Professors Paul R. Gray and Robert W. Brodersen. A few weeks earlier Prof. Donald O. Pederson had asked me to stop by his office to chat about an exciting academic opportunity. He informed me that Prof. Temes, who was then Chair of the Dept. of Electrical Engineering at UCLA, had called looking for faculty candidates in the circuits and systems area, and that he had recommended me for an interview. I was, of course, tremendously flattered but also surprised because Prof. Pederson knew I was planning to work in the industry after graduation. He expressed admiration and respect for Prof. Temes and opined that the possibility of working with him was a special opportunity.
Ozone Removal in the Sampling of Parts per Billion Levels of Terpenoid Compounds:  An Evaluation of Different Scrubber Materials (2001)

Some reactive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are prone to degradation during sampling in an ozone-rich environment. A wide variety of different chemicals have been used to remove the ozone prior to sampling, but the possibility of interference by such chemicals with the sampled VOCs has not been thoroughly examined. In the present investigation, the retention/degradation of four terpenes (alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, 3-carene, and limonene) and isoprene together with some of their oxidation products (alpha-pinene oxide, nopinone, 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene (AMCH), methylglyoxal, and methacrolein) has been studied, using various ozone-removing chemicals in an attempt to evaluate their potential as ozone scrubbers in the sampling of ambient air. The chemicals included in this first screening and their ozone-removing capacity are as follows: KI, MnO2, and Na2SO3 removed ozone for more than 24 h when exposed to 73-78 ppb (150-160 microg/m3) at a sampling flow rate of 500 mL/min. Silanized poly(1,4-phenylene sulfide) (PFS) removed ozone for 5 h, unsilanized PFS removed ozone for 1 h and 50 min, and Na2S2O3 removed ozone for 20 min. The recovery of the selected compounds with the different scrubbers was >95% for all compounds for KI; >95% for the terpenes oxidation products; >90% for the terpenes and isoprene for PFS; >90% for the terpenes and isoprene for MnO2 on copper nets, Na2SO3, and Na2S2O3; and <90% for the terpenes and isoprene for carulite (a commercial mixture between MnO2, CuO, and Al2O3), CuO, and indigo carmine.
Optical Communication Laboratory (2019)

To support the development program on Optical Communication (OC), a dedicated facility for testing is being realized. Such a facility will be used for technology development and to perform end to end communication tests. The facility aims to enable the following three high level functionalities: testing of critical technologies and subsystems in a laboratory setting ; execution of end to end Ground to Ground (G2G) laser communication testing between two field stations placed at few kilometres distance ; enable the reception of data from satellites (Space to Ground S2G). By means of a dedicated Optical Ground Station (OGS).
One Year Clinical Outcome and Biomarker Levels after Randomized Comparison of Two Supraannular Pericardial Aortic Xenografts (2017)

Objectives: In the era of transcatheter techniques there is increasing interest in longer term outcomes and functional parameters after conventional aortic valve replacement (AVR). Clinical outcome, quality of life (QoL) using EQ-5D-3L questionnaire and biochemical markers after conventional AVR including combined AVR and concomitant surgical procedures was assessed at up to one-year follow-up.
Analysis of Mean Climate Conditions in Senegal (1971–98) (2006)

Abstract This paper presents a GIS-based analysis of climate variability over Senegal, West Africa. It responds to the need for developing a climate atlas that uses local observations instead of gridded global analyses. Monthly readings of observed rainfall (20 stations) and mean temperature (12 stations) were compiled, digitized, and quality assured for a period from 1971 to 1998. The monthly, seasonal, and annual temperature and precipitation distributions were mapped and analyzed using ArcGIS Spatial Analyst. A north–south gradient in rainfall and an east–west gradient in temperature variations were observed. June exhibits the greatest variability for both quantity of rainfall and number of rainy days, especially in the western and northern parts of the country. Trends in precipitation and temperature were studied using a linear regression analysis and interpolation maps. Air temperature showed a positive and significant warming trend throughout the country, except in the southeast. A significant correlation is found between the temperature index for Senegal and the Pacific sea surface temperatures during the January–April period, especially in the El Niño zone. In contrast to earlier regional-scale studies, precipitation does not show a negative trend and has remained largely unchanged, with a few locations showing a positive trend, particularly in the northeastern and southwestern regions. This study reveals a need for more localized climate analyses of the West Africa region because local climate variations are not always captured by large-scale analysis, and such variations can alter conclusions related to regional climate change.
Time-gated backscattered ballistic light imaging of objects in turbid water (2004)

Time-gated optical imaging of objects in turbid water was carried out in a backscattering geometry using light pulses of different pulse widths and a time-gated detection scheme with variable gate widths. Experimental results demonstrate that ultrashort pulsed illumination with ultrashort gated detection significantly improve image contrast as compared to any other combinations. These results are important for imaging objects embedded in turbid media, such as cloud, fog, smoke, murky water, and biological tissues for military, civilian, and medical applications.
Regulatory and metabolic aspects of the phosphate starvation response of Corynebacterium glutamicum (2010)

Phosphorus is an essential element for all living organisms, as it is a prerequisite for cellular metabolism. Corynebacterium glutamicum, an industrial amino acid producer, is a Gram-positive soil bacterium that has developed regulatory mechanisms to overcome phosphate (Pi) limitation for growth in its habitats. When Pi is limited, C. glutamicum induces Pi-starvation-inducible (psi) genes. The encoded proteins allow the utilization of residual Pi and of alternative phosphorus sources. Induction of these psi genes is partially dependent on a two-component signal transduction system composed of the sensor kinase PhoS and the response regulator PhoR. 	In this work, evidence was obtained that besides PhoSR a second two-component system consisting of the sensor kinase SenX3 and the response regulator RegX3 is involved in the Pi starvation response. Deletion of the chromosomal regX3 gene was only possible in the presence of a plasmid-borne copy, indicating that RegX3 is essential in C. glutamicum. Global gene expression studies with a strain allowing conditional repression of regX3 in concert with DNA-binding studies indicated that phosphorylated RegX3 activates several genes of the Pi starvation stimulon, i.e. pstSCAB (ABC transporter for Pi), ugpAEBC (ABC transporter for glycerol 3-phosphate), phoC (putative secreted phosphoesterase) and ushA (5'-nucleotidase), but also a cluster of four genes two of which are involved in NAD+ biosynthesis (ndnR-nadA-nadC-nadS). Furthermore, whole-cell alkaline phosphatase activity was found to be controlled by RegX3. 	In the second part of this thesis, the influence of Pi limitation on the metabolism of C. glutamicum analyzed. Metabolite analysis by GC-TOF mass spectrometry of cells cultivated in glucose minimal medium revealed a strongly increased maltose level under Pi limitation. As maltose formation could be linked to glycogen metabolism, the cellular glycogen content was determined. In contrast to cells grown under Pi excess, the glycogen level of Pi-limited cells remained high in the stationary phase. Surprisingly, even acetate-grown cells, which do not form glycogen under Pi excess, do so under Pi limitation and retain it also in stationary phase. Expression of pgm and glgC, encoding the first two enzymes of glycogen synthesis, phosphoglucomutase and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, was found to be increased 6- and 3-fold under Pi limitation, respectively. Increased glycogen synthesis together with a decreased glycogen degradation might be responsible for the altered glycogen metabolism. Independent from these experimental results, flux balance analysis suggested that an increased carbon flux to glycogen is a solution for C. glutamicum to adapt carbon metabolism to limited Pi concentrations. 	In summary, this work led to the identification of an additional regulatory system involved in the Pi starvation response and of a link between Pi limitation and glycogen metabolism in C. glutamicum.
Drinking plastics? – Quantification and qualification of microplastics in drinking water distribution systems by µFTIR and Py-GCMS (2020)

While it seems indisputable that potable water contains microplastics (MP), the actual concentrations are much debated and reported numbers vary many orders of magnitude. It is difficult to pinpoint the cause of these differences, but it might be variation between waters, variation between quantification methods, and that some studies did not live up to rigorous analytical standards. Despite the urgent need to understand human exposure by drinking water, there is a lack of trustable methods generating reliable data. Essentially, proper MP assessment requires that quality assurance is in place and demonstrated, that an adequate volume of drinking water is assessed, and that differences in analytical methods are understood. This study presents a systematic and robust approach where MP down to 6.6 µm were assessed in potable water distribution systems in terms of quantity, size, shape, and material. For the first time, sub-samples were analysed by two of the most validated and complementary analytical techniques: µFTIR imaging and Py-GCMS. Both methods successfully determined low contents in drinking water. However, µFTIR and Py-GCMS identified different polymer types in samples with overall low MP content. With increasing concentration of a given polymer type, the values determined by the techniques became more comparable. Most detected MPs were smaller than 150 µm, and 32% were smaller than 20 µm. Our results indicate a potential annual uptake of less than one MP per person, suggesting that drinking potable water produced at a high-performance drinking water treatment plant represents a low risk for human health.
Safety and efficacy of semaglutide once weekly vs sitagliptin once daily, both as monotherapy in J apanese people with type 2 diabetes (2017)

In Japanese people with T2D, more TEAEs were reported with semaglutide than with sitagliptin; however, the semaglutide safety profile was similar to that of other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. Semaglutide significantly reduced HbA1c and body weight compared with sitagliptin.
Battery Vehicles Reduce CO 2 Emissions (2011)

R. F. Service's “Battery FAQs” (News Focus, 24 June, p. [1495][1]) attempts to answer the question “How will widespread adoption of electric vehicles affect CO2 emissions and possible climate change?” The answer Service provides—that CO2 emissions will not be affected unless renewable energy sources generate the electricity that powers the cars—is inaccurate.

Even in the U.S. mid-Atlantic region, with a large percentage of electric power generated by coal, switching 10% of the fleet from gasoline vehicles to electric would cause the net CO2 emissions (including emissions from power generation) per switched vehicle to drop by about 5%; in less coal-heavy New York state, net CO2 emissions per switched vehicle would drop by about 12% ([ 1 ][2]). The decrease would occur because an electric motor is more efficient than an internal combustion engine ([ 2 ][3]) and because the electric vehicle recycles some of its energy by using regenerative braking.

1. [↵][4] 1. S. B. Peterson, 2. J. F. Whitacre, 3. J. Apt
 , Environ. Sci. Technol. 45, 1792 (2011).
 [OpenUrl][5][PubMed][6]

2. [↵][7] 1. M. Ahman
 , Energy 26, 973 (2001).
 [OpenUrl][8][CrossRef][9]

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/332/6037/1495.full
 [2]: #ref-1
 [3]: #ref-2
 [4]: #xref-ref-1-1 View reference 1 in text
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 [6]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=21309508&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fsci%2F333%2F6044%2F823.1.atom
 [7]: #xref-ref-2-1 View reference 2 in text
 [8]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DEnergy%26rft.volume%253D26%26rft.spage%253D973%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1016%252FS0360-5442%252801%252900049-4%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
 [9]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/S0360-5442(01)00049-4&link_type=DOI
Galactosyl- and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols isolated from the brown algae, Undaria pinnatifida and Costaria costata as repellents of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. (1990)

Fouling organisms such as barnacles, blue mussels, and ascidians cause a lot of trouble in power plants and aquaculture. Antifouling agents including copper salts,