gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Interference-Resilient Bit-Level Duty-Cycled ULP Receiver Leveraging a Dual-Chirp Modulation (2023)

In this article, we present a blocker-tolerant ultralow-power (ULP) receiver (RX) operating at the 430-MHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, which leverages a chirp modulation scheme to achieve high blocker tolerance. The presented RX simultaneously achieves ULP consumption, high RX sensitivity, and enhanced in-band (IB) and out-of-band (OOB) interference tolerance. This is enabled by a unique dual-chirp ON–OFF-keying (DC-OOK) modulation scheme in conjunction with several architecture and circuit-level techniques, including bit-level duty-cycling and cost-/energy-efficient high- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> radiofrequency (RF) amplifiers. As a result, this RX offers high channel selectivity and good immunity to interference without the need for OFF-chip high- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> surface acoustic wave (SAW) and BAW filters or high-power active filters. The RX prototype was designed and fabricated in a bulk CMOS 28-nm process and achieves − 103 dBm sensitivity for bit error rate (BER) < 10 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{-{3}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> while rejecting amplitude-modulated blockers as strong as 41 dBc at a 10-MHz frequency offset. The RX operates at 2.5-kb/s data rate and consumes 110- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> average dc power.
Photocatalytic treatment of shower water using a pilot scale reactor (2011)

The treatment of shower water for reuse deserves consideration due to its low pollutant loading and quantity produced. A pilot scale study of the photocatalytic degradation of real shower water was performed in a 31 L volume reactor using titanium dioxide as catalyst. The reactor was operated in a continuous slurry recirculation mode. The operational parameters optimised were the slurry initial pH, catalyst concentration, air flow rate and slurry recirculation rate. 57% Total Organic Carbon elimination was obtained after 6 hours of treatment at the following optimum conditions: 3.0 slurry initial pH, 0.07 gL-1 catalyst concentration, 1.8 Lmin-1 air flow rate and 4.4 Lmin-1 slurry recirculation rate. An electricity cost analysis showed that the treatment cost for shower water amounted to 0.15 US$L-1. This study showed that photocatalysis could be successfully transposed from bench scale to pilot scale. Furthermore, the ease of operation of the process makes photocatalysis an attractive prospect with respect to the treatment of grey water. Further research will be carried out to investigate the separation of the catalyst from the treated mixture.
Effects of Bit Allocation on Non-Contiguous Multicarrier-Based Cognitive Radio Transceivers (2006)

In this paper, we evaluate a cognitive radio transceiver employing both non-contiguous multicarrier modulation (NC-MCM) and adaptive bit allocation. Although NC-MCM and bit allocation have potential benefits with respect to enabling dynamic spectrum access (DSA) and increasing throughput, they also require the transmission of overhead information between the transmitter and the receiver. To reduce this overhead information, operating parameters can be assigned to a block of subcarriers, at the cost of some throughput. The trade-offs between subcarrier block size and two different bit allocation approaches for several DSA scenarios are assessed in this work. The results show that as percentage of available spectrum decreases, the throughput loss of systems employing larger subcarrier block sizes rapidly increases. Nevertheless, larger block sizes also yield greater reductions in transmission overhead.
Isozyme polymorphism in Phialophora gregata isolates from adzuki bean andsoybean in Japan. (1990)

Isozyme patterns for 15 enzymes from mycelial extract were compared with 10 isolates each of Phialophora gregata from adzuki bean and soybean and one isolate each of Acremonium sp. from adzuki bean and Cephalosporium gramineum from wheat. These three species showed considerable different patterns in all the enzymes tested with the coefficient of similarity of 0.05. The adzuki bean and soybean isolates of P. gregata exhibited the same patterns in 11 enzymes. Four other enzymes, i.e. lactate dehydrogenase, peroxidase, α-esterase and acid phosphatase, distinguished these two groups of isolates. The coefficient of similarity within each group of the adzuki bean and soybean isolates and between the groups were 0.83, 0.97 and 0.64, respectively. These results support the recognition of the two groups as separate formae speciales of P. gregata.
Measuring Glutathione Redox Potential of HIV-1-infected Macrophages (2014)

Redox signaling plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). The majority of HIV redox research relies on measuring redox stress using invasive technologies, which are unreliable and do not provide information about the contributions of subcellular compartments. A major technological leap emerges from the development of genetically encoded redox-sensitive green fluorescent proteins (roGFPs), which provide sensitive and compartment-specific insights into redox homeostasis. Here, we exploited a roGFP-based specific bioprobe of glutathione redox potential (E(GSH); Grx1-roGFP2) and measured subcellular changes in E(GSH) during various phases of HIV-1 infection using U1 monocytic cells (latently infected U937 cells with HIV-1). We show that although U937 and U1 cells demonstrate significantly reduced cytosolic and mitochondrial E(GSH) (approximately -310 mV), active viral replication induces substantial oxidative stress (E(GSH) more than -240 mV). Furthermore, exposure to a physiologically relevant oxidant, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), induces significant deviations in subcellular E(GSH) between U937 and U1, which distinctly modulates susceptibility to apoptosis. Using Grx1-roGFP2, we demonstrate that a marginal increase of about ∼25 mV in E(GSH) is sufficient to switch HIV-1 from latency to reactivation, raising the possibility of purging HIV-1 by redox modulators without triggering detrimental changes in cellular physiology. Importantly, we show that bioactive lipids synthesized by clinical drug-resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reactivate HIV-1 through modulation of intracellular E(GSH). Finally, the expression analysis of U1 and patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrated a major recalibration of cellular redox homeostatic pathways during persistence and active replication of HIV.
Evidence of Endotypes in Pediatric Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Caused by Sepsis* (2019)

Applying a previously reported endotyping strategy in children with septic shock identified endotypes of pediatric acute hypoxemic respiratory failure secondary to sepsis, with differential risk for poor outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of endotypes in pediatric respiratory failure. Our results support an investigation into using transcriptomics to identify messenger RNA-based endotypes in a dedicated, well-defined acute hypoxemic respiratory failure cohort.
Use of Mixer-Torque Measurements as an Aid to Optimizing Wet Granulation Process (1984)

Instrumentation designed for monitoring the wet granulation process is described. A Hobart mixer was instrumented with a slip ring torque sensor using a voltage of 5 volts D.C. to excite a strain gauge bridge. An amplifier was used to magnify the low signal levels produced by the strain gauge bridge and the gain was set at 179.6 so that 2 volts equals 200 inch ounce. The output was recorded using a Bascom-Turner recorder. The relative dynamic torque, was measured in millivolts as a function of granulating fluid added and time to optimize the granulation process using the planetary mixer. The instrumentation described in this paper has considerable potential for optimization and validation studies for wet granulation procedures.
A multi-level text mining method to extract biological relationships (2003)

Accurate and computationally efficient approaches in discovering relationships between biological objects from text documents are important for biologists to develop biological models. This paper presents a novel approach to extract relationships between multiple biological objects that are present in a text document. The approach involves object identification, reference resolution, ontology and synonym discovery, and extracting object-object relationships. Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), dictionaries, and N-Gram models are used to set the framework to tackle the complex task of extracting object-object relationships. Experiments were carried out using a corpus of one thousand Medline abstracts. Intermediate results were obtained for the object identification process, synonym discovery, and finally the relationship extraction. For a corpus of thousand abstracts, 53 relationships were extracted of which 43 were correct, giving a specificity of 81%. The approach is both adaptable and scalable to new problems as opposed to rule-based methods.
ChemInform Abstract: A Divergent Approach to the Myriaporones and Tedanolide: Enantioselective Preparation of the Common Intermediate. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Lidocaine/Tetracaine Peel: A Novel Topical Anesthetic for Dermatologic Procedures in Adult Patients (2007)

Studies comparing the LT peel with placebo or a 1:1 eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream have shown the LT peel to have superior anesthetic efficacy in adult patients undergoing a variety of cutaneous procedures. The LT peel is safe and well tolerated, with side effects limited to localized, transient skin reactions that do not appear to interfere with clinical outcome. It is an effective topical anesthetic for dermatologic procedures that is convenient to use and promotes a positive patient experience.
N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE 2 IS A SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS FOR PARKINSONʼS DISEASE (2004)

ISEE-372 Introduction: Several case-control studies have associated pesticide exposure with Parkinson's disease (PD). Failure to replicate the association in some studies may be due to methodological reasons or due to regional differences in farming practices and genetic susceptibility. N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is a plausible candidate gene for PD, because it encodes a xenobiotic metabolism protein. Associations between PD and NAT2 genotypes (inferred slow acetylation) have been reported in some studies, but not all. Some studies over-sampled familial PD cases or were conducted across multiple diverse sites, and most employed small convenience samples. Methods: We conducted an association study of NAT2 gene variants and PD. Cases were newly referred to the Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Rochester and resided in Minnesota or a surrounding state (WI, IA, SD, or ND). Each case was matched to a single control (an unaffected sibling of the same gender and of closest age, or an unrelated population control of same gender and age). All cases underwent standardized clinical assessments. Controls were screened negative for PD via a validated telephone instrument, or were confirmed unaffected via clinical assessments. DNA was extracted from blood samples collected directly or by mail. DNA samples were genotyped for seven NAT2 single nucleotide polymorphisms with <1% frequency in populations of Caucasian European ancestry (G191A, C282T, T341C, C481T, G590A, A803G, and G857T variants). Multiplexed genotyping assays were performed using a Nanogen microarray-based platform. Analyses employed the sibling Transmission Disequilibrium Test, liberalized to allow for the pooling of case-unaffected sibling and case-unrelated control pairs. We performed seven-locus haplotype analyses using the EM algorithm in S-Plus to compensate for unknown phase. Results: We included 434 case-unaffected sibling and 72 case-unrelated control pairs in the study (1,012 subjects total). The Global Score Statistic and Global Simulated P-value results converged and were highly significant overall (p=0.004). Two of the 25 observed NAT2 seven-locus haplotypes had significantly different frequencies in cases and controls (p=0.01 and 0.001 respectively). Discussion: Strengths of this study include the enrollment of sequential cases regardless of family history, and the matching of controls with identical (unaffected siblings) or similar ethnicity (unrelated controls) and from a defined region of the United States. We employed seven-locus haplotype analyses and avoided inferences of function, as the association of NAT2 haplotypes with PD may be due to functions other than acetylation, or may be due to linkage disequilibrium.
Structural motifs of water on metal oxide surfaces (2017)

Understanding water/solid interactions is of great importance in a variety of fundamental and technological processes, such as photocatalytic water splitting, heterogeneous catalysis, electrochemistry, and corrosion. This review describes recent advancements in the molecular-level understanding of water adsorption, dissociation and clustering on model surfaces of metal oxides, achieved primarily by combining scanning probe microscopies with ensemble-averaged techniques and density functional theory calculations. Factors controlling how water binds and clusters on the coordinatively unsaturated metal cations of different oxide surfaces are discussed. We start by reviewing the fundamental differences in the relative stability of molecularly and dissociatively-bonded water monomers and clusters on isostructural rutile TiO<sub>2</sub>(110) and RuO<sub>2</sub>(110) surfaces and on different surfaces and polymorphs of TiO<sub>2</sub>. We further discuss how oxide interfaces (both exposed and buried) with metals affect water dissociation. Subsequently, we focus on high coverage water overlayers such as one-dimensional water chain structures that result from different substrate morphologies, and water monolayer structures. We conclude with novel studies of interfacial water in liquids.
Placebo-Controlled Evaluation of Four Novel Compounds for the Treatment of Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder (2004)

The novel design used in this study permitted the use of a smaller number of patients receiving placebo to test the efficacy of the four novel compounds. The NK(3) and 5-HT(2A/2C) antagonists showed evidence of efficacy in the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Study limitations preclude a definitive conclusion on the efficacy of CB(1) and NTS(1) antagonists in the treatment of schizophrenia. Further study of these two promising nondopaminergic mechanisms to treat schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder appears indicated.
TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2 (2021)

TNF, produced largely by T and innate immune cells, is potently proinflammatory, as are cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-17 produced by Th1 and Th17 cells, respectively. Here, we asked if TNF is upstream of Th skewing toward inflammatory phenotypes. Exposure of mouse CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells to TNF and TGF-β generated Th17 cells that express low levels of IL-17 (ROR-γt<sup>+</sup>IL-17<sup>lo</sup>) and high levels of inflammatory markers independently of IL-6 and STAT3. This was mediated by the nondeath TNF receptor TNFR2, which also contributed to the generation of inflammatory Th1 cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing of central nervous system-infiltrating CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) found an inflammatory gene expression profile similar to cerebrospinal fluid-infiltrating CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells from patients with multiple sclerosis. Notably, TNFR2-deficient CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells produced fewer inflammatory mediators and were less pathogenic in EAE and colitis. IL-1β, a Th17-skewing cytokine, induced TNF and proinflammatory granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in T cells, which was inhibited by disruption of TNFR2 signaling, demonstrating IL-1β can function indirectly via the production of TNF. Thus, TNF is not just an effector but also an initiator of inflammatory Th differentiation.
Adsorptive Removal of Trace Elements from Coal Fly-Ash Wastewaters onto Iron Oxyhydroxide (2018)

Certain processes used for the handling of coal combustion residuals in electric generating plants have the potential for the mobilization and release of trace elements into the environment. This chapter summarizes some of the results of a research program investigating adsorption onto amorphous iron oxyhydroxide, am-Fe2O3·H2O, as a treatment process for removing trace metals from coal fly-ash wastewater. It highlights typical adsorption phenomena observed in simple, well characterized clean systems. The clean system equilibrium adsorption experiments were conducted in a swamping electrolyte (0.1M NaNO3) maintained at 25°C in a jacketed Pyrex reaction vessel. The development of the removal curve depends on the availability of empirical adsorption data developed for each trace element of interest in each wastestream of interest. The modeling work using a mathematical equilibrium model shows promising results in predicting the adsorptive removal of several trace elements of concern. Adsorption experiments were conducted in simple, well characterized &quot;clean systems&quot; and in fly-ash wastewaters from five power plants.
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCAGE COMPOUND. III. AN ENTRY INTO AN OXATWISTANE SYSTEM: INVESTIGATIONS OF CROSSWISE RING CLOSURES IN BICYCLO(2.2.2)OCTENE OR BICYCLO(2.2.2)OCTANE SYSTEMS (1983)

Abstract Aus den Cyclohexadienen (I) und Cyanacrylsäuremethylester (II) werden die Diels‐Alder‐Addukte (III) bzw. (VIII) hergestellt.
A pole-placement design approach for systems with multiple operating conditions (2003)

The author proposes design procedures based on state-space pole-placement techniques for systems with multiple operating conditions (simultaneous pole placement). First the full state feedback problem is studied, in which a nonlinear local pole-placement solution is proposed. The design condition is formulated in terms of the rank condition of a multimode controllability matrix. Then the output feedback problem is approached using a multimodel controller design. The design is decomposed into separated global pole-placement subproblems and a local pole-placement subproblem. For a system with some operating operating conditions having modes on the j omega -axis but no modes at the origin or in the open right-half of the complex plane, stabilizability and detectability conditions for the design of an asymptotically stabilizing control are established. The relation of the approach to other simultaneous control design approaches are pointed out.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Guest Editor's Introduction to the Special Section on the ACM Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games (I3D) (2016)

The papers in this special issue include four extended papers from the 2015 ACM Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games. This edition marked the 29th year since the first conference.
Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Morphology and Piezoresponse Characterisation of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) Films via Scanning Probe Microscopy (2013)

Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE (70/30)) films were synthesized on a gold/glass substrate via spin coating. The films were annealed at a temperature between<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>125</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∘</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mtext>C</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>180</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∘</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mtext>C</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:math>. Nanoscale characterisation of the morphology, polarization switching, and local piezoresponse hysteresis loops of PVDF-TrFE film was studied using a scanning probe microscope (SPM). Ferroelectric switchable domains were identified by piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) for all films. Small grains, with weak piezoresponse character, were observed for films annealed just above the Curie temperature. Acicular grains were obtained when the annealing temperature approached the melting point and the piezoresponse increased. Annealing above the melting point decreased the piezoresponse and the morphology changed dramatically into plate-like structures.
Lyman-break Galaxies at z ∼ 3 in the Subaru Deep Field: Luminosity Function, Clustering, and [O iii] Emission (2017)

We combined deep U-band and optical/near-infrared imaging, in order to select Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) at using U-V and colors in the Subaru Deep Field. The resulting sample of 5161 LBGs gives a UV luminosity function (LF) down to , with a steep faint-end slope of . We analyze UV-To-NIR energy distributions (SEDs) from optical photometry and photometry on IR median-stacked images. In the stacks, we find a systematic background depression centered on the LBGs. This results from the difficulty of finding faint galaxies in regions with higher-Than-Average surface densities of foreground galaxies, so we corrected for this deficit. Best-fit stellar population models for the LBG SEDs indicate stellar masses and star formation rates of and M o yr-1 at , down to and yr-1 at . The faint LBGs show a ∼1 mag excess over the stellar continuum in K-band. We interpret this excess flux as redshifted [O iii] lines. The observed excesses imply equivalent widths that increase with decreasing mass, reaching A (rest-frame). Such strong [O iii] emission is seen only in a miniscule fraction of local emission-line galaxies, but is probably universal in the faint galaxies that reionized the universe. Our halo occupation distribution analysis of the angular correlation function gives a halo mass of for the full sample of LBGs, and for the brightest half of the sample.