gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Airspace Dimension Assessment with Nanoparticles (AiDA) in Comparison to Established Pulmonary Function Tests (2022)

We conclude that the AiDA method provides information about the lung that is inaccessible with more conventional lung function techniques.
Genuine stress urinary incontinence in women. New laparoscopic paravaginal reconstruction. (1998)

To assess a new laparoscopic technique of paravaginal repair, adapted from a classic laparotomy procedure, for genuine stress urinary incontinence.From January 1992 to July 1997, 28 patients in a consecutive, prospective clinical case study were subjected to laparoscopic paravaginal repair. No concomitant surgery was performed. A clinical diagnosis of genuine stress urinary incontinence was documented by cystometry following a positive cough stress test. When indicated, a multichannel urodynamics study was performed.In 16 patients (57%) of 28, the right pelvic side was affected, and in 43% fascia damage was identified and repaired bilaterally. The average operative time was 2 hours, 45 minutes; average blood loss was 1.2 g hemoglobin. No intraoperative, immediate postoperative, delayed postoperative or anesthesia-associated complications were observed. Patients were discharged from the surgical units in an average of 5 hours, 15 minutes. There was no postoperative hospital readmission.Laparoscopic paravaginal repair is simple and safe and has a 93% cure rate. It is an attractive alternative to laparotomy.
Defining Equitable Geographic Districts in Road Networks via Stable\n Matching (2017)

We introduce a novel method for defining geographic districts in road\nnetworks using stable matching. In this approach, each geographic district is\ndefined in terms of a center, which identifies a location of interest, such as\na post office or polling place, and all other network vertices must be labeled\nwith the center to which they are associated. We focus on defining geographic\ndistricts that are equitable, in that every district has the same number of\nvertices and the assignment is stable in terms of geographic distance. That is,\nthere is no unassigned vertex-center pair such that both would prefer each\nother over their current assignments. We solve this problem using a version of\nthe classic stable matching problem, called symmetric stable matching, in which\nthe preferences of the elements in both sets obey a certain symmetry. In our\ncase, we study a graph-based version of stable matching in which nodes are\nstably matched to a subset of nodes denoted as centers, prioritized by their\nshortest-path distances, so that each center is apportioned a certain number of\nnodes. We show that, for a planar graph or road network with $n$ nodes and $k$\ncenters, the problem can be solved in $O(n\\sqrt{n}\\log n)$ time, which improves\nupon the $O(nk)$ runtime of using the classic Gale-Shapley stable matching\nalgorithm when $k$ is large. Finally, we provide experimental results on road\nnetworks for these algorithms and a heuristic algorithm that performs better\nthan the Gale-Shapley algorithm for any range of values of $k$.\n
Measles virus phosphoprotein (P) requires the NH2- and COOH-terminal domains for interactions with the nucleoprotein (N) but only the COOH terminus for interactions with itself (1995)

A mammalian two-hybrid system was used to characterize protein-protein interactions between the measles virus nucleoprotein (N) and phosphoprotein (P). Progressive deletions at both the amino- and carboxy-termini of P facilitated the mapping of two distinct domains on P that are important for interaction with N: (i) a domain mapping predominantly within the C-terminal 100 amino acids and (ii) a domain composed of the extreme amino-terminal residues. Using the same two-hybrid assay, we discovered that the P protein interacts strongly with itself. In contrast to the N-P interaction, only a single C-proximal domain of P was essential for P-P interaction.
Anomalous metallic state and anisotropic multiband superconductivity in Nb3Pd0.7Se7 (2013)

We report the discovery of superconductivity in Nb${}_{3}$Pd${}_{x}$Se${}_{7}$ with an $x$-dependent superconducting transition temperature as high as ${T}_{c}\ensuremath{\simeq}2.1$ K for $x\ensuremath{\simeq}0.7$ (middle point of the resistive transition). Needlelike single crystals display anisotropic upper-critical fields with an anisotropy $\ensuremath{\gamma}={H}_{c2}^{b}/{H}_{c2}^{a}$ as large as 6 between fields applied along their needle axis (or $b$ axis) or along the $a$ axis. As for the Fe based superconductors $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ is temperature-dependent, suggesting that Nb${}_{3}$Pd${}_{0.7}$Se${}_{7}$ is a multiband superconductor. This is supported by band structure calculations which reveal a Fermi surface composed of quasi-one-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional sheets of hole character, as well as three-dimensional sheets of both hole and electron character. Remarkably, ${H}_{c2}^{b}$ is observed to saturate at ${H}_{c2}^{b}(T\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\text{K})\ensuremath{\simeq}14.1$ T which is $4.26\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{H}_{p}$ where ${H}_{p}$ is the Pauli-limiting field in the weak-coupling regime. The synthesis procedure yields additional crystals belonging to the Nb${}_{2}$Pd${}_{x}$Se${}_{5}$ phase which also becomes superconducting when the fraction of Pd is varied. For both phases we find that superconductivity condenses out of an anomalous metallic state, i.e., displaying $\ensuremath{\partial}\ensuremath{\rho}/\ensuremath{\partial}T&lt;0$ above ${T}_{c}$ similarly to what is observed in the pseudogap phase of the underdoped cuprates. An anomalous metallic state, low-dimensionality, multiband character, extremely high and anisotropic ${H}_{c2}$'s are all ingredients for unconventional superconductivity.
2D Particle-In-Cell simulations of the electron-cyclotron instability and associated anomalous transport in Hall-Effect Thrusters. (2016)

International audience
The influence of free neutrons on dynamics and radiation of astrophysical plasmas (2001)

We present arguments in favor of the presence of free neutrons in plasmas generated by compact astrophysical objects and find conditions necessary for the formation of the neutron component. The broad range of phenomena caused by neutrons includes both dynamical (sources' variability, transition of fireballs to the two-flow regime) and kinetic (fission of helium nuclei by neutrons, electromagnetic cascade, emission in annihilation and nuclear lines, neutrino losses) effects. The presented theory can be applied to internal regions of accretion disks, jets in microquasars, and gamma-ray burst (GRB) fireballs.
Multi-Frequency Planar Near-Field Scanning by Means of Singular-Value Decomposition (SVD) Optimization (2011)

An optimized near-field/far-field (NFFF) transformation for characterizing planar aperture antennas from “quasi-raster” and plane-polar multi-frequency scanning data is presented. The method is a generalization of that introduced in [1], and then used in [2] and [3] for plane-polar and “quasi-raster” scans, respectively. The generalization consists of characterizing antennas at different frequencies by defining a common frequency-measurement grid to save scanning time. The method tackles the multi-frequency measurement problem by a linear operator, A, and solves the problem as a singular-value optimization of A. The field-sample positions are then chosen to provide the minimum number of near-field samples optimizing the singular-value dynamics of A. The computational burden is dealt with by proper programming on graphics processing units (GPUs). Numerical and experimental results show the effectiveness of the technique.
Customer Access System Design (1982)

The key to the successful emergence of the information society [1] is an access system that permits new and diverse communication services to flourish. A fundamental component of such a network is a digital end-to-end communication capability. This paper presents an approach to the design of a digital access system for application in both residential and business environments. Switch, customer premises, and distribution design concepts are presented, and the results of field and laboratory tests of a multichannel digital distribution system are described.
Biphasic calcium phosphate and polymer‐coated bovine bone matrix for sinus grafting in an animal model (2019)

Autogenous bone grafting requires a donor site and may lose substantial volume during remodeling. Several bone replacement materials (BRMs) are under development to overcome these limitations, especially for indications for minimally intervention surgeries. The objective of our study was to assess the potential of an equine collagen cone reinforced with biphasic calcium phosphate (CC-BCP) particles and deproteinized bovine bone matrix (BBM) coated with polylactic acid, and poly-ε-caprolactone copolymer (BBM-PCC) and then to compare the outcomes with a deproteinized BBM and an equine CC without a filler in a sheep sinus grafting model in the Elleven female sheep were selected. Two experimental sites on each side of the animals were prepared using an extraoral approach for maxillary sinus wall. The four treatments were performed in each animal through a standardized 10-mm access window. While the BBM access was covered with a collagen membrane, all other sites were closed with an equine collagen membrane. All animals were euthanized after 16 weeks. New bone (NB), residual graft particles, and connective tissue were measured in undemineralized resin-embedded sections. As a result, one sheep did not survive the surgery. All sites in the remaining 10 sheep healed uneventfully. All CC and BBM-PCC grafts resorbed and failed to augment the sinuses. BBM and CC-BCP, in contrast, showed some histologic evidence of NB and surgical site augmentation. The NB fraction in the latter two groups accounted for 10 ± 9 and 4 ± 5%, respectively (p > 0.05). In conclusion, BBM-PCC and collagen cone performed poorly for sinus floor augmentation, while deproteinised BBM and reinforced collagen cone demonstrated comparable outcomes.
A CMOS LDO regulator with high PSR using Gain Boost-Up and Differential Feed Forward Noise Cancellation in 65nm process (2012)

A 65nm CMOS Low Drop-Out (LDO) Regulator is presented employing Gain Boost-Up and Differential Feed Forward Noise Cancellation (DFFNC) to maximize the Power Supply Rejection. The gain boost-up consists of both negative feedback and positive feedback in the error amplifier. With a 1.2V supply voltage, this LDO regulator has a 200mV drop-out voltage and the ability to handle a maximum 25mA load current. The measurement results show a -47dB PSR ratio up to 10MHz and 0.8% of load regulation for the full load current change.
DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ONE-STEP HYBRID PROCESSING (2010)

The plastics processing industry typically must precompound using extrusion prior to part fabrication by injection molding (IM). The aim of this work is to implement a novel method that combines compounding and part fabrication into one processing step, thereby eliminating a costly, heat-intensive extra step. Poly (trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) is blended with 10, 15, 20, and 30 % fiberglass (FG) by three methods, including standard IM, pre-compounding followed by standard IM, and a novel, one-step IM process using an innovative mixing screw design. The effect of processing method on the mechanical, impact, and thermal properties of a FGPTT composite is presented.
Adrenergic responsiveness is reduced, while baseline cardiac function is preserved in old adult conscious monkeys (1995)

To examine the physiological deficit to adrenergic stimulation with aging, five younger adult (3 +/- 1 yr old) and nine older adult (17 +/- 1 yr old) healthy monkeys were studied after instrumentation with a left ventricular (LV) pressure gauge, aortic and left atrial catheters, and aortic flow probes to measure cardiac output directly. There were no significant changes in baseline hemodynamics in conscious older monkeys. For example, an index of contractility, the first derivative of LV pressure (LV dP/dt) was similar (3,191 +/- 240, young vs. 3,225 +/- 71 mmHg/s, old) as well as in isovolumic relaxation, tau (24.3 +/- 1.7 ms, young vs. 23.0 +/- 1.0 ms, old) was similar. However, inotropic, lusitropic, and chronotropic responses to isoproterenol (Iso; 0.1 micrograms/kg), norepinephrine (NE; 0.4 micrograms/kg), and forskolin (For; 75 nmol/kg) were significantly (P < 0.05) depressed in older monkeys. For example. Iso increased LV dP/dt by by 146 +/- 14% in younger monkeys and by only 70 +/- 5% in older monkeys. Iso also reduced tau more in younger monkeys (-28 +/- 7%) compared with older monkeys (-13 +/- 3%). Furthermore, peripheral vascular responsiveness to Iso, NE, For, and phenylephrine (PE; 5 micrograms/kg) was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in older monkeys. For example, phenylephrine (5 micrograms/kg) increased total peripheral resistence by 69 +/- 4% in younger monkeys and by only 45 +/- 3% in older monkeys. Thus in older monkeys without associated cardiovascular disease, baseline hemodynamics are preserved, but adrenergic receptor responsiveness is reduced systemically, not just in the heart.
CTNI-44. DOSIMETRIC IMPACT OF TUMOR TREATING FIELDS ON CONCURRENT RADIATION THERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS (2021)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Early results suggest that tumor treating fields (TTF) concurrent with radiotherapy (RT) for glioblastoma yields acceptable dosimetry in adults; the impact on RT dose distribution in children is unknown. This study was undertaken to evaluate the dosimetric impact of TTF on concurrent photon RT for children with brain tumors. METHODS CT scans of an anthropomorphic pediatric head phantom (approximately 15-year-old) and an infant-head-sized spherical phantom were acquired with and without TTF attached. For each phantom, simulated supratentorial tumor targets were initially contoured on CT datasets acquired without TTF attached. Treatment plans using volumetric modulated arc therapy were created to deliver 60Gy and 50Gy to the gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical tumor volume (CTV), respectively, in 30 fractions. The dose distributions of the same treatment plans were then re-computed with TTF attached. Target coverage metrics were compared between dose distributions with and without TTF. To measure skin dose, treatment plans were delivered with thermoluminescent dosimeters placed on the phantoms at various locations, with and without TTF attached. RESULTS The presence of TTF slightly reduced target coverage. For the two phantoms studied, D95 of the CTV was reduced by 0.65% and 1.03%, and D95 of the GTV was reduced by 0.7% and 1.05%, respectively. Electrodes under the direct beam path increased skin dose by an average of 43.3% (0.3Gy – 20.7Gy), but all skin dose measurements stayed within tolerances. TTF electrodes out of the RT field did not cause an increase in measured dose. CONCLUSIONS The dosimetric impact of TTF on pediatric head phantoms receiving concurrent RT resembles that reported in adult studies. Although the tumor dose is not significantly affected, the skin dose notably increases due to the bolus effect from the TTF electrodes, which may be mitigated by skin-sparing planning and shifting of the device during RT.
Minimizing dead-periods in flow-encoded or -compensated pulse sequences while imaging in oblique planes (1999)

A technique is developed to minimize magnetic resonance pulse sequence dead-periods, with first and higher moment requirements, while imaging in oblique planes. Dead-period requirements of starting amplitude, ending amplitudes, area, and other moment requirements are transformed from the image coordinate system to the physical gradient coordinate system, where the waveforms are then designed. With this technique, the full capabilities of the gradient hardware are utilized. An online algorithm is presented to perform dead-period minimization and gradient waveform design when the first moment and area of the dead-period are specified. The algorithm is then used to implement three-axis flow-compensation in a fast spoiled gradient-echo sequence. This results in a minimal increase in TE and TR over an equivalent non-flow-compensated sequence, and little variation in the minimum TR over the entire range of oblique slice orientations. Applications of this algorithm extend to the optimization of any pulse sequence in which the first moment is important and oblique imaging is required. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;10:183-192.
Software Reusability (2009)

Abstract As a key strategy to overcome the software crisis, software reuse is an attempt to reuse software assets in building high‐quality software in a cost‐efficient way. Software reuse technology has been evolved through generations of programming paradigms. In this article, we first define seven dimensions for software reusability: abstraction, interface visibility, interface role, granularity, adaptability, bind persistency , and acquisition . With these, we observe the evolution of reuse technology. For each programming paradigm, its key reuse constructs are discussed, and a technical assessment for its reusability is given. In addition, we observe the reusability of design patterns and architectural styles. Finally, we derive key trends in software reusability from the technical assessments on reuse technologies and their evolution.
FBXW7 tumor suppressor regulation by dualspecificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 (2023)

FBXW7 is a member of the F-box protein family, which functions as the substrate recognition component of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase. FBXW7 is a main tumor suppressor due to its ability to control proteasome-mediated degradation of several oncoproteins such as c-Jun, c-Myc, Cyclin E1, mTOR, and Notch1-IC. FBXW7 inactivation in human cancers results from a somatic mutation or downregulation of its protein levels. This work describes a novel regulatory mechanism for FBXW7 dependent on the serine/threonine protein kinase DYRK2. We show that DYRK2 interacts with and phosphorylates FBXW7 resulting in its proteasome-mediated degradation. DYRK2-dependent FBXW7 destabilization is independent of its ubiquitin ligase activity. The functional analysis demonstrates the existence of DYRK2-dependent regulatory mechanisms for key FBXW7 substrates. Finally, we provide evidence indicating that DYRK2-dependent regulation of FBXW7 protein accumulation contributes to cytotoxic effects in response to chemotherapy agents such as Doxorubicin or Paclitaxel in colorectal cancer cell lines and to BET inhibitors in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Altogether, this work reveals a new regulatory axis, DYRK2/FBXW7, which provides an understanding of the role of these two proteins in tumor progression and DNA damage responses.
Molecular pathology of schizophrenia: more than one disease process? (1980)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> We have developed a generally applicable method based on CRISPR/Cas9-targeted ultra-long read sequencing (CTLR-Seq) to completely and haplotype-specifically resolve, at base-pair resolution, large, complex, and highly repetitive genomic regions that had been previously impenetrable to next-generation sequencing analysis such as large segmental duplication (SegDup) regions and their associated genome rearrangements that stretch hundreds of kilobases. Our method combines <i>in vitro</i> Cas9-mediated cutting of the genome and pulse-field gel electrophoresis to haplotype-specifically isolate intact large (200-550 kb) target regions that encompass previously unresolvable genomic sequences. These target fragments are then sequenced (amplification-free) to produce ultra-long reads at up to 40x on-target coverage using Oxford nanopore technology, allowing for the complete assembly of the complex genomic regions of interest at single base-pair resolution. We applied CTLR-Seq to resolve the exact sequence of SegDup rearrangements that constitute the boundary regions of the 22q11.2 deletion CNV and of the 16p11.2 deletion and duplication CNVs. These CNVs are among the strongest known risk factors for schizophrenia and autism. We then perform <i>de novo</i> assembly to resolve, for the first time, at single base-pair resolution, the sequence rearrangements of the 22q11.2 and 16p11.2 CNVs, mapping out exactly the genes and non-coding regions that are affected by the CNV for different carriers.
Drying shrinkage and strength of steel fiber reinforced mortars containing shrinkage-reducing agent. (1985)

Ordinary cement concrete and mortar have such weakness as significant drying shrinkage, low strength and inferior extensibility, and thus they easily cause shrinkage cracks. It has already been known well that the steel fiber reinforcement of the concrete and mortar is very effective to the reduction of their drying shrinkage. Recently, surfactant-type shrinkage-reducing agents for the concrete and mortar have been developed in Japan. However, the composite effects of steel fiber reinforcement and shrinkage-reducing agent modification on the concrete and mortar have not yet been reported. The purpose of this study is to make clear the drying shrinkage reduction of steel fiber reinforced mortar containing a shrinkage-reducing agent. Steel fiber reinforced mortars with a shrinkage-reducing agent are prepared with variations of shrinkage-reducing agent and steel fiber contents, and tested for drying shrinkage and strength. The conclusions obtained from the test results are summarized as follows: (1) The drying shrinkage of the mortars is greatly reduced with increasing shrinkage-reducing agent and steel fiber contents, and becomes approximately one-half of that of ordinary mortar (without the steel fibers and shrinkage-reducing agent), (2) The drying shrinkage can be predicted as a function of the shrinkage-reducing agent and steel fiber contents and water-cement ratio, and (3) The addition of the shrinkage-reducing agent to the mortars does not deteriorate their strength.
Role of the human operator in future commercial Reduced Crew Operations (2018)

Reduced Crew Operations (RCO) are a longstanding concept in academia and slowly reaching into the realm of actual airline operations. However, one of the great barriers is the role definition of the future single pilot. Simply removing one of the pilots will not work - a more comprehensive approach is required. As re-certification of the flight deck will be required anyway, we are offered to unique chance to rethink flight deck operations and properly (re-)consider the role a human operator on the flight deck will perform. Lead by the question if today's pilots are still acting as pilots we present a new role definition for the future RCO flight deck operator. As an introduction, the development of the flight deck and the associated role change of the human operator from being an aviator to a manager of systems is highlighted. Subsequently an overview over existing future flight deck concepts is given, focusing on RCO oriented approaches. The development process through which the herein presented concept was created is stated in the following. First, the underlying technological, operational, and legal assumptions and limitations are summarized. After that the goals to which the concept is supposed to cater are introduced, followed by a description of the utilized development process. Hereafter, the role definition of the human operator is discussed. We envision the human operator to take over a more strategic role than today. Instead of managing individual aircraft systems the operator will be tasked with Total Mission Management (TMM), supported by advanced, more autonomous, automation. Hence, we propose to change the job title of the human operator from pilot to mission manager. A set of typical tasks of the mission manager is described positively (what they are) and negatively (what they are not). Furthermore, the question of responsibility and authority on the flight deck is answered. Eventually, existing challenges and future research efforts regarding the herein proposed concept are discussed.