gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the tuning of electrical and thermal transport in thermoelectrics: an integrated theory–experiment perspective (2016)

Abstract During the last two decades, we have witnessed great progress in research on thermoelectrics. There are two primary focuses. One is the fundamental understanding of electrical and thermal transport, enabled by the interplay of theory and experiment; the other is the substantial enhancement of the performance of various thermoelectric materials, through synergistic optimisation of those intercorrelated transport parameters. Here we review some of the successful strategies for tuning electrical and thermal transport. For electrical transport, we start from the classical but still very active strategy of tuning band degeneracy (or band convergence), then discuss the engineering of carrier scattering, and finally address the concept of conduction channels and conductive networks that emerge in complex thermoelectric materials. For thermal transport, we summarise the approaches for studying thermal transport based on phonon–phonon interactions valid for conventional solids, as well as some quantitative efforts for nanostructures. We also discuss the thermal transport in complex materials with chemical-bond hierarchy, in which a portion of the atoms (or subunits) are weakly bonded to the rest of the structure, leading to an intrinsic manifestation of part-crystalline part-liquid state at elevated temperatures. In this review, we provide a summary of achievements made in recent studies of thermoelectric transport properties, and demonstrate how they have led to improvements in thermoelectric performance by the integration of modern theory and experiment, and point out some challenges and possible directions.
Transplantation of Normal and Leukemic Human Bone Marrow into Immune‐Deficient Mice: Development of Animal Models for Human Hematopoiesis (1991)

The successful engraftment of human hematopoietic cells into immune-deficient mice offers a novel approach to characterize the developmental program of human hematopoiesis. While it is not yet possible to achieve high-level engraftment of all human lineages, several methods have been developed to successfully engraft human lymphoid cells and reconstitute partial immune function. In addition to mature cell types, there is evidence that progenitors and perhaps stem cells can engraft the murine bone marrow. Recent work suggests that provision of exogenous human cytokines significantly increases the level of human cell engraftment and stimulates the development of multiple lineages. Progress has also been made to establish animal models of human hematopoietic diseases such as leukemia, autoimmunity, and infectious diseases.
Mechanism and DNA-based detection of field-evolved resistance to transgenic Bt corn in fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (2017)

Evolution of resistance threatens sustainability of transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a devastating pest of corn in the Western Hemisphere initially controlled by transgenic Bt corn producing the Cry1Fa insecticidal protein (event TC1507). However field-evolved resistance to TC1507 was observed in Puerto Rico in 2007 and has subsequently been reported in a number of locations in North and South America. Early studies on Puerto Rico fall armyworm populations found that the resistance phenotype was associated with reduced expression of alkaline phosphatase. However, in this work we show that field-evolved resistance to Cry1Fa Bt corn in Puerto Rico is closely linked to a mutation in an ATP Binding Cassette subfamily C2 (ABCC2) gene that functions as a Cry1Fa receptor in susceptible insects. Furthermore, we report a DNA-based genotyping test used to demonstrate the presence of the resistant (SfABCC2mut) allele in Puerto Rico populations in 2007, coincident with the first reports of damage to TC1507 corn. These DNA-based field screening data provide strong evidence that resistance to TC1507 in fall armyworm maps to the SfABCC2 gene and provides a useful molecular marker for detecting the SfABCC2mut allele in resistant fall armyworm.
The Pelagic Bacterium Paraphotobacterium marinum Has the Smallest Complete Genome Within the Family Vibrionaceae (2017)

Members of the family <i>Vibrionaceae</i> are metabolically versatile and ubiquitous in natural environments, with extraordinary genome feature of two chromosomes. Here we reported the complete genome of <i>Paraphotobacterium marinum</i> NSCS20N07D<sup>T</sup>, a recently described novel genus-level species in the family <i>Vibrionaceae</i>. It contained two circular chromosomes with a size of 2,593,992 bp with G+C content of 31.2 mol%, and a plasmid with a size of 5,539 bp. The larger chromosome (Chr. I) had a genome size of 1,426,504 bp with G+C content of 31.6 mol%, and the smaller one (Chr. II) had a genome size of 1,161,949 bp with G+C content of 30.8 mol%. The two chromosomes have strikingly similar G+C contents with difference of <1% and similar percentages of coding regions. Interestingly, by comparison to 134 species affiliated with seven genera within the family <i>Vibrionaceae</i>, <i>P. marinum</i> NSCS20N07D<sup>T</sup> possessed the smallest genome size and lowest G+C content. Clusters of orthologous groups of proteins functional categories revealed that the two chromosomes had different distributions of functional classes, indicating they take different cellular functions. Surprisingly, Chr. II had a large proportion of unknown genes than Chr. I. Metabolic characteristics predicted that Chr. I performed the essential metabolism, which can be complemented by the Chr. II, such as amino acids biosynthesis. Microbial community analysis of <i>in situ</i> surface seawater revealed that <i>P. marinum</i> accounted for one to four sequences among more than 20,000 of 16S ribosomal RNA gene V4 contigs, representing it apparently appeared as a rare species. What's more, <i>P. marinum</i> was anticipated to be specific to the pelagic ocean. This study will provide new insight into more understanding the genomic and metabolic features of multiple chromosomes in prokaryote and emphasize the ecological distribution of the members in the family <i>Vibrionaceae</i> as a rare species.
Using Control Charts To Analyze Serial Patient-Related Data (1994)

The authors collected data from the record of a patient who had recently undergone coronary bypass surgery and used these data to construct control charts. The control charts helped them to interpret the variation in several clinical parameters and to evaluate the clinical responses to this variation.
The molybdenum-molybdenum triple bond. 1. Hexakis(dimethylamido)dimolybdenum and some homologs: preparation, structure, and properties (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe molybdenum-molybdenum triple bond. 1. Hexakis(dimethylamido)dimolybdenum and some homologs: preparation, structure, and propertiesMalcolm H. Chisholm, F. Albert Cotton, B. A. Frenz, W. W. Reichert, L. W. Shive, and B. Ray StultsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 15, 4469–4476Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00431a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00431a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views834Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Perturbation feedback method for analysing rectangular dielectric waveguides (1990)

A simple and accurate method for analysing rectangular dielectric waveguides is proposed. By virtue of a successive perturbation process, propagation constants and field distributions can be calculated with greater accuracy than other approximate approaches.
Clostera: Cloud Storage Enabler for Richmedia Applications (2010)

Clostera is a hybrid cloud storage, which aims to optimize content allocation over the cloud, according to such criteria as availability, protection and manageability. To reach this goal, we enlarge the vision of cloud storage, by integrating edge devices storage capacities within the Cloud.
Development of User Support System for Loading Log Wood Boilers Coupled with a Storage Tank (2010)

In traditional heating system the fuel supply is handled automatically (gas, oil or wood pellets boilers) as needed. For log wood boiler, loadings are done by the user based on his criteria and certainly depend on its experience. In fact, loading a log wood boiler must be carried out according to several criteria that are the current state of charge of the buffer storage tank (in general one to three thermometers) and heating loads in the coming hours (feeling of the user). The behaviour of the user is very important for the performance of the system. In order to help the user to better load his boiler a user support system has been developed. Simulations have been performed to compare the performance of the system with or without the user support system. Finally in situ measurements of a real installation have proved the feasibility and performance of such system.
Residential Distribution System Power Quality Improvement using DG-Grid Interfacing VSC (2018)

The increasing utilization of power electronic loads in todayâs homes is a growing concern for utility companies due to the increased harmonic distortions. The harmonic problem is further complicated by the harmonic resonance introduced by other system components, such as the power factor correction (PFC) capacitors. At the same time, power industry is experiencing a paradigm shift as more renewable energy based distributed generation (DG) systems are being connected to the power distribution network. These DG systems are connected to the grid through DG-grid interfacing inverters which can be used to address the harmonic issue utilizing the available apparent power rating from the interfacing inverters. To ensure proper utilization of the available DG rating, this thesis discusses interfacing converter control method that actively mitigates the harmonics in residential distribution systems. The first objective is to determine the harmonic compensation priorities for DG converters in a given distribution system, considering harmonics load locations, PFC capacitors etc. To realize this objective, this thesis conducts an in-depth investigation of different control methods of VSI for power quality improvement. Then a modal analysis based approach is proposed to determine compensation priorities for different harmonics and at different distribution system nodes to improve harmonic compensation performance. The second objective of this thesis is to develop harmonic compensation functions on DC converters that can consider harmonics compensation priority, aggregated available DG ratings, loads, etc. To do so, a priority driven G-S droop based selective harmonic compensation scheme is proposed in this thesis that assigns compensation priorities on DGs with different ratings and operating at different distribution system nodes.
ROLE OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY IN DIAGNOSIS OF SOFT TISSUE TUMOURS; BENEFITS AND LIMITATIONS: A TWO YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY (2016)

BACKGROUND&#13;\nSoft tissues are the nonepithelial extraskeletal connective tissues of the body, excluding supporting tissues of the internal organs, &#13;\nglia and hematopoietic tissues. FNAC of soft tissue swelling is becoming more popular recently because of being minimally &#13;\ninvasive technique, relatively cheap cost and safety along with fair specificity and sensitivity.&#13;\nAIM&#13;\nTo review the role of FNAC in diagnosing soft tissue tumours and to establish cytological criteria for the most encountered STT.&#13;\nMETHODS&#13;\nThis retrospective study was done in Department of Pathology for a period two years. A total of 4508 FNA were performed. 104&#13;\naspirations were done from soft tissue swellings. Air dried and wet fixed smears were stained with Giemsa and Papanicolaou &#13;\nstain respectively.&#13;\nRESULTS&#13;\nAmong 104 STT, 86 (82.3%) were diagnosed as benign lesions while 18 cases (17.3%) were malignant. Benign lesions-17 &#13;\n(16.3%) patients were diagnosed as benign fibrous histiocytoma followed by ganglion cyst in 14(13.5%) cases. 13 cases &#13;\n(12.5%) were diagnosed as haemangioma while 9 cases (8.7%) were categorized as benign spindle cell lesion. 6 cases (5.8%) &#13;\neach of neurofibroma and GCT of tendon sheath were reported. 6 infants (5.8%) were diagnosed as infantile fibromatosis. 5 &#13;\ncases (4.7%) were reported as schwannoma. 3 cases (2.9%) each of proliferative fasciitis and nodular fasciitis were diagnosed. &#13;\nThere were 3 cases (2.9%) reported as lymphangioma. One case (1%) was diagnosed as desmoid fibromatosis. Malignant &#13;\nlesions-Among them, 3 cases (2.9%) were reported as MFH. Biphasic synovial sarcoma was diagnosed in 2 patients (1.9%). 2 &#13;\ncases (1.9%) were reported as low grade myxoid sarcoma. 1 case (1%) was diagnosed as MPNST. GIST was diagnosed in &#13;\n1(1%) patient. One (1%) of the patients presented with swelling in scapular region. This was categorized under malignant &#13;\nround cell tumour category. 8 cases (7.6%) were diagnosed as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.&#13;\nCONCLUSION&#13;\nWith adequate material, FNAC has a definite role in diagnosing soft tissue tumours both benign and malignant in majority of &#13;\ncases with no need for histopathology except in few tumours where overlapping cytological features still remain a big limitation.
ChemInform Abstract: KATALYSE DER RK. ZWISCHEN ANHYDRIDEN UND ISOCYANATEN DURCH KOORDINATION (UEBER METALLKOMPLEXE) (1973)

Abstract Anhydride (I) wie Acetanhydrid, Succinanhydrid, Glutarsäureanhydrid oder Pyromellitsäureanhydrid reagieren mit Phenylisocyanat (II) zu den Imiden (IV) und Kohlendioxid, wobei diese Reaktion durch den Zusatz von Dikobaltoctacarbonyl (III) katalysiert werden kann.
Fault Classification Approach for Grid‐Tied Photovoltaic Plant (2022)

This chapter provides detailed information about the functioning of grid-tied solar photovoltaic (PV) plants, and identifies the faults which can be potential hurdle in achieving high yield and develop a fault classification (FC) mechanism for timely indication of the fault alarm. A brief overview of solar power plants in order to discuss the major components and their significance in a power plant. Solar power plants are generally categorized under two broad categories, solar PV power plants and concentrated solar thermal power plants. There are three common topologies which are used while installing a PV power plant. The topologies form standalone PV plants, bi-modal PV plants, and grid-connected PV plants. The chapter discusses the modeling and simulation of PV power plant based on an actually operational solar power plant which acts as a reference for testing of the proposed FC algorithm.
Maternal exposure to low levels of corticosterone during lactation protects adult rat progeny against TNBS-induced colitis: A study on GR-mediated anti-inflammatory effect and prokineticin system (2017)

The early phase of life represents a critical period for the development of an organism. Interestingly, early life experiences are able to influence the development of the gastrointestinal tract and the reactivity to colonic inflammatory stress. We recently demonstrated that adult male rats exposed to low doses of corticosterone during lactation (CORT-nursed rats) are protected against experimental colitis induced by the intracolonic infusion of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS). Based on these interesting results, we wanted to better investigate which cellular actors could be involved in the protection of CORT-nursed rats from TNBS-induced experimental colitis. Therefore, in the present work, we focused our attention on different factors implicated in GR-mediated anti-inflammatory effect. To address this issue, colonic tissues, collected from control and CORT-nursed healthy animals and from control and CORT-nursed colitic rats, were processed and the following inflammatory factors were evaluated: the expression of (i) glucocorticoid receptors (GR), (ii) glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), (iii) phospho-p65NF-κB, (iv) the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, (v) the prokineticins PK2 and PK2L and (vi) their receptors PKR1 and PKR2. We found that adult CORT-nursed rats, in comparison to controls, showed increased expression of colonic GR and reduced expression of pro-inflammatory molecules (IL-1β, TNF-α, PK2 and PK2L) in response to inflammatory colitis. The observed changes were associated with an increase in GILZ colonic expression and with a reduction in phospo-p65NF-κB colonic expression.
Evidence for a role of conventional protein kinase-Cα in the control of homotypic contacts and cell scattering of HT-29 human intestinal cells (1996)

Incubation of HT-29 M6 cells with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induces cell scattering, loss of cellular contacts and inactivation of E-cadherin. We have investigated the involvement of different protein kinase C (PK-C) isoforms in these processes using specific activators. Thymeleatoxin, a derivative of mezerein that activates conventional PK-Cs (cPK-Cs) but not novel PK-Cs (nPK-Cs), promoted effects that were similar to those of PMA, i.e. at concentrations of 200 nM it induced scattering of HT-29 M6 colonies, loss of homotypic contacts and dissociation of E-cadherin from the cytoskeleton. Among the isoforms activated by this compound, only cPK-C alpha was detected in HT-29 M6 cells by Western blot. The specificity of this compound with respect to the rest of the PK-C isoforms present in these cells was determined; thymeleatoxin induced, as did PMA, the translocation of cPK-C alpha from the cytosol to the membrane and the cytoskeleton, and its partial down-regulation. On the other hand, thymeleatoxin did not modify the cellular levels or localization of nPK-C epsilon or atypical PK-C zeta. "In vitro' assays also showed that thymeleatoxin did not activate nPK-C epsilon at the concentrations added to the cell cultures. These results indicate that thymeleatoxin is selective for cPK-C alpha over nPK-C epsilon and show a role for the former enzyme in the regulation of cell-cell contacts and the inactivation of E-cadherin in HT-29 M6 cells.
Activation of Gene Expression by a Novel DNA Structural Transmission Mechanism That Requires Supercoiling-induced DNA Duplex Destabilization in an Upstream Activating Sequence (1998)

We have previously demonstrated that integration host factor (IHF)-mediated activation of transcription from the ilvPG promoter of Escherichia coli requires a supercoiled DNA template and occurs in the absence of specific interactions between IHF and RNA polymerase. In this report, we describe a novel, supercoiling-dependent, DNA structural transmission mechanism for this activation. We provide theoretical evidence for a supercoiling-induced DNA duplex destabilized (SIDD) structure in the A + T-rich, ilvPG regulatory region between base pair positions +1 and -160. We show that the region of this SIDD sequence immediately upstream of an IHF binding site centered at base pair position -92 is, in fact, destabilized by superhelical stress and that this duplex destabilization is inhibited by IHF binding. Thus, in the presence of IHF, the negative superhelical twist normally absorbed by this DNA structure in the promoter distal half of the SIDD sequence is transferred to the downstream portion of the SIDD sequence containing the ilvPG promoter site. This IHF-mediated translocation of superhelical energy facilitates duplex destabilization in the -10 region of the downstream ilvPG promoter and activates transcription by increasing the rate of open complex formation.
Essential amino acid supplementation maintains muscle function during bed rest in the elderly (2008)

Older individuals are more likely to experience extended hospitalization. Thus, there is an inherent risk of prolonged inactivity and the accompanying functional decline. We have previously demonstrated that the provision of an essential amino acid (EAA) supplement in younger individuals subjected to 28d of bed rest eliminates the loss of lean body mass (LBM) and ameliorates the loss in muscle function. We hypothesized that EAA administration in older individuals subjected to 10d bed rest would also spare LBM and muscle function. Twenty‐two older subjects were given a placebo (n = 12, 68 ± 5 (SD) yrs, 83 ± 19 kg) or 15g of EAA (n = 10, 71 ± 6, 72 ± 8 kg) 3 times per day throughout 10d of bed rest. Measures of LBM, muscle protein synthesis, and muscle strength and function were determined before and after bed rest. Outcomes were tested statistically by 2X2 ANOVA and Tukey's post‐hoc test. EAA supplementation maintained muscle protein synthetic rate (P=0.025), but did not ameliorate the loss of LBM. EAA supplementation resulted in a preservation of plantar flexion strength (p=0.054), stair ascent power (p=0.029), stair descent power (p=0.026), and floor transfer time (p=0.027). Despite the inability of EAA to preserve LBM, muscle function was maintained. EAA supplementation maintains muscle protein turnover and preserves muscle function in older, inactive individuals. Project funded by the National Institutes of Health grant PO1 AG023591 (Evans).
A randomised trial of timed delivery for the compromised preterm fetus: short term outcomes and Bayesian interpretation (2002)

The lack of difference in overall mortality suggests that clinicians participating in this trial were on average prepared to randomize at about the correct equivocal threshold between delivery and delay. However, there was insufficient evidence to convince enthusiasts for either immediate or delayed delivery that they were wrong.