gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
alpha-Aminoisobutyric acid transport in rat soleus muscle during endotoxic shock (1985)

We studied alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) transport by skeletal muscle and the effect of insulin and Na+ on the transport process during endotoxic shock. Rats (140-160 g) were injected with Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin (20 mg/kg iv) or saline and killed 5 h later. At that time an elevation of blood lactate and hypoglycemia marked the onset of shock in rats given endotoxin. AIB uptake was measured in isolated soleus muscles in vitro. Total cellular AIB uptake in the endotoxic muscles was 25, 28, and 47% lower than control muscles at 1-, 2-, or 3-h incubations, respectively. Insulin stimulated AIB uptake to a lesser extent in endotoxic muscles (from a basal value of 11.62 +/- 0.29 nmol X g dry wt-1 X 3 h-1 to 15.88 +/- 0.64, 19.10 +/- 1.06, and 18.78 +/- 0.52 at 1, 10, and 100 mU/ml insulin, respectively) than in controls (from 17.07 +/- 0.51 to 27.13 +/- 1.16, 27.25 +/- 0.93, and 29.01 +/- 1.09). Na+-dependent AIB uptake, calculated as the difference between AIB uptake in the presence and absence of Na+, was decreased in the endotoxic muscles to 36% of the control value. Na+-independent AIB uptake (measured in Na+-free media) was the same in control and endotoxic muscles. These results suggest that the decrease in both basal and insulin-stimulated AIB transport was due to the decrease in Na+-dependent AIB transport by skeletal muscle during endotoxic shock.
[principal characteristics of tumor microcirculation revealed by experimental techniques in vivo]. (2002)

In this brief review, we show that intravital microscopy has permitted characterization of the specific aspects of tumour microcirculation. Microvascular networks in tumour are largely different from those in non-tumoural tissue or in non-tumoural neoangiogenesis. Both from the anatomical and the hemodynamical aspects, the tumour microvascular network appears highly chaotic. In vivo measurements have shown the large heterogeneity of oxygen and metabolic status associated with tumour growth. Effects of antiangiogenic drugs can also be tested using intravital microscopy. These techniques have also allowed demonstration of the specific vasomotor response of vessels irrigating tumours, thus allowing specific modulation of tumour blood flow.
Anamorphic illuminator (2010)

General lighting applications often require a light patch with a specific shape and distribution. This work presents examples and details of a practical implementation of Oliker's ellipsoidal faceted reflector algorithm. We present example designs for various shapes of light patches. Uniformity and limitations of this technique are discussed. Analytical solution can be used to obtain a starting point for optimization. A technique to generate a smooth best fitting surface to meet manufacturing requirements is also presented.
Clinical application of the Nd:YAG laser bipolar dissector in intra‐abdominal surgery (1992)

A laser bipolar dissector (LBD) using a 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser energy source that provides hemostatic dissection using low-powered laser energy (15-25 W) has been developed. Clinical applications have included a partial hepatectomy (n = 5), a cholecystectomy (n = 4), an appendectomy, lymphnode dissection, and division of adhesions. The LBD was effective in resection of noncirrhotic liver and reduced the number of ligations required. There were no direct complications related to using the LBD. Operative time and blood loss were difficult to compare to conventional methods. The LBD may have applications for partial hepatectomies and other intra-abdominal operations.
Administration of Aerosolized Terbutaline and Budesonide Reduces Chlorine Gas–Induced Acute Lung Injury (2004)

Treatment of acute chlorine gas lung injury with aerosolized terbutaline followed by aerosolized budesonide improved lung function. Combined treatment was more effective than treatment with either drug alone.
Spin-transition in [FeII(L5)2][ClO4]2 [L5 = 2-[3-(2′-pyridyl)pyrazol-1-ylmethyl](1-methylimidazole)]: a further example of coexistence of features typical for disorder and cooperativity (2009)

An iron(II) complex [Fe(L5)2][ClO4]2 of a new nonplanar tridentate ligand [L5 = 2-[3-(2'-pyridyl)pyrazol-1-ylmethyl](1-methylimidazole)] has been synthesized and its spin-transition properties have been investigated. X-ray structural analysis of the solvated compound [Fe(L5)2][ClO4]2.CH3CN at 100 K and at 298 K revealed a mononuclear Fe(II)N6 pseudooctahedron with the tridentate ligand in the meridional coordination mode. Magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed LS (1A1) <--> HS (5T2) transition starting above room temperature and remained incomplete even up to 350 K, however providing evidence for the hysteretic behaviour of the transition. Photo-magnetic measurements using a 532 nm laser revealed incomplete light-induced excited spin-state trapping (LIESST). Relaxation curves in the dark exhibited a stretched exponential shape, typical for broad distributions of relaxation times. The complete photo-magnetic data were modelled using a non-cooperative master equation including a tunnelling process with distributed parameters and accounting for the bulk absorption of light. We also measured the diffuse reflectance properties, with detailed investigation of the absorption spectra and discussed the obtained features with respect to structural properties, including the suggested presence of disorder.
Erratum: Long-term consequences of chronic fluoxetine exposure on the expression of myelination-related genes in the rat hippocampus (2016)

Correction to: Translational Psychiatry (2015) 5, e642; doi:10.1038/tp.2015.145; published online 22 September 2015 In the published article, the name of one author, JL Pawluski, was omitted. The complete author list and JL Pawluski’s affiliation are listed below: Y Kroeze, D Peeters, F Boulle, JL Pawluski1, DLA van den Hove, H van Bokhoven, H Zhou and JR Homberg
Laparoscopic Appendectomy in the 35th Week of Pregnancy (2011)

Introduction: Laparoscopic appendectomy is generally considered safe in pregnancy, but controversy exists in the surgical management of late third trimester acute appendicitis because of concerns over adequate visualization and potential harm to the large gravid uterus.1–3 We present a video with a running time of 2 minutes 12 seconds of a 25-year-old woman at 35 weeks estimated gestational age who presented with abdominal pain and was found to have acute appendicitis. Operative Technique: The patient was placed in the supine position with the left arm tucked. General endotracheal anesthesia was performed. A Foley catheter was placed and the patient was securely strapped to the operating room table. The abdomen was prepped and draped in sterile fashion. The surgeon and assistant stood on the patient's left side. The patient was tilted to the left to displace the uterus from the inferior vena cava. A 1-cm right subcostal incision at the level of the anterior axillary line was used for open cut-down entry into the peritoneal cavity, away from the gravid uterus. The anterior rectus sheath was identified and incised, and the underlying muscle was split. The peritoneal cavity was entered under direct vision by lifting the posterior rectus fascia and parietal peritoneum with tonsils. The Hasson trocar was placed, and the abdomen was insufflated to 12 mmHg of pressure without any adverse hemodynamic consequences. Two 5-mm trocars were inserted: one epigastric and one in the right subcostal mid-clavicular line. Optics were through the 5-mm mid-clavicular trocar, utilizing the 5-mm, 30-degree laparoscope. The surgeon's right and left hands utilized the 10-mm and 5-mm epigastric trocars, respectively. The table was then airplaned even further to the left. The appendix was identified and was clearly inflamed. The ultrasonic scalpel (Sonosurg; Olympus) was used to partially mobilize the cecum to better expose the appendix. The mesoappendix was divided with the ultrasonic scalpel and dissected to the base of the cecum. The appendix was transected flush with the cecum with an Endo-GIA 45-3.5 mm stapler buttressed with Duet (Covidien). The appendix was extracted via the Hasson trocar site with the 10-mm Endo-catch bag. An abdominal examination was unremarkable except for the gravid uterus. The Hasson trocar site was closed with 0 vicryl using the suture passer device, and the 5-mm ports were removed under direct observation. Intra-operative fetal monitoring by obstetrics was normal. The total operating time was 35 minutes. She was discharged on postoperative day 2 without complications. She delivered a healthy baby at 39 weeks estimated gestational age. Conclusion: With minor adjustments in technique, laparoscopic appendectomy can be performed safely during the late third trimester. No competing financial interests exist. Runtime of video: 2 mins 12 secs
The Case for Authentic Student Assessment in Distance Digital Pharmacy Education (2021)

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Distance online assessment is facing serious challenges. This opinion piece discusses these challenges and focuses on potential authentic assessment methods that can be used effectively in distance digital pharmacy education. The authentic assessment methods discussed are case studies, role-play, discussion panels and debates, student e-portfolios, computer-based simulation, diagrams and graphical presentations. These methods allow assessment to drive learning by performing tasks that are related to real professional situations and challenges followed by quantitative and qualitative feedback. Authentic assessment will require the development of clear rubrics to maintain transparency, consistency and fair evaluation of student achievement. The implementation of online assessment involves some challenges such as the level of institutional, faculty and student's technological capacity. Financial burden on low-to-medium income families and some institutions, meaningful training on the software and hardware, and students' compliance with the code of ethics and academic honesty are major issues. That said, well-planned authentic assessment tools can overcome many of these challenges. As these methods amass momentum, more creativity and innovation in assessment will be introduced, enriching and facilitating digital pharmacy education. The author calls for utilizing more formative feedback and reflection methods, focusing on demonstrating learning and professional competencies rather than on superficial letter grades.
Visual-spatial memory may be enhanced with theta burst deep brain stimulation of the fornix: a preliminary investigation with four cases (2015)

Memory loss after brain injury can be a source of considerable morbidity, but there are presently few therapeutic options for restoring memory function. We have previously demonstrated that burst stimulation of the fornix is able to significantly improve memory in a rodent model of traumatic brain injury. The present study is a preliminary investigation with a small group of cases to explore whether theta burst stimulation of the fornix might improve memory in humans. Four individuals undergoing stereo-electroencephalography evaluation for drug-resistant epilepsy were enrolled. All participants were implanted with an electrode into the proximal fornix and dorsal hippocampal commissure on the language dominant (n = 3) or language non-dominant (n = 1) side, and stimulation of this electrode reliably produced a diffuse evoked potential in the head and body of the ipsilateral hippocampus. Each participant underwent testing of verbal memory (Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test), visual-spatial memory (Medical College of Georgia Complex Figure Test), and visual confrontational naming (Boston Naming Test Short Form) once per day over at least two consecutive days using novel test forms each day. For 50% of the trials, the fornix electrode was continuously stimulated using a burst pattern (200 Hz in 100 ms trains, five trains per second, 100 µs, 7 mA) and was compared with sham stimulation. Participants and examiners were blinded to whether stimulation was active or not, and the order of stimulation was randomized. The small sample size precluded use of inferential statistics; therefore, data were analysed using descriptive statistics and graphic analysis. Burst stimulation of the fornix was not perceived by any of the participants but was associated with a robust reversible improvement in immediate and delayed performance on the Medical College of Georgia Complex Figure Test. There were no apparent differences on either Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test or Boston Naming Test. There was no apparent relationship between performance and side of stimulation (language dominant or non-dominant). There were no complications. Preliminary evidence in this small sample of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy suggests that theta burst stimulation of the fornix may be associated with improvement in visual-spatial memory.
Balloon occlusion of carotid-cavernous fistula: introduction of a new catheter. (1977)

The most widely used technique for treatment of a carotid-cavernous fistula involves embolization of the fistula with segmental occlusion of the internal carotid artery. An inflatable balloon capping a small flexible catheter becomes a controlled embolus when positioned within the internal carotid artery at the stoma of the fistula. A new double lumen catheter has been designed. Through one lumen the carotid circulation may be displayed, The second lumen allows inflation of the balloon through a self-sealing valve. In twelve patients, results were excellent in eight, fair in two, and poor in two patients intolerant of carotid occlusion.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐(ALKYLTHIO)PENEM‐3‐CARBOXYLIC ACIDS. V. SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF “1‐THIATHIENAMYCIN” AND RELATED COMPOUNDS (1982)

Abstract Die optisch aktiven Azetidinone (Ia) und (Ib) werden auf dem angegebenen Weg in (V) und (VI) und durch Linschlielßende Ahspaltung der Schutzgruppen in die Penem‐ezirbonsäuren (VII) und (VIII) ilbergeftihrt.
Détection de la résistance de P. falciparum aux antipaludiques (1986)

Devant l'extension geographique que prend la resistance de P.f. a la chloroquine, le besoin se fait sentir un peu partout en Afrique tropicale d'organiser une surveillance dans les formations sanitaires peripheriques du niveau de sensibilite de ce parasite aux antipaludiques. Les merites et les difficultes des methodes disponibles pour etablir cette sensibilite sont presentees et discutees a la lumiere d'enquetes recentes
Using magnetic resonance to image the pharynx during Arabic speech: static and dynamic aspects (2012)

Magnetic resonance imaging has been applied only recently to the study of Arabic speech production. Arabic has a relatively large number of sounds produced with constrictions in the pharynx, a part of the vocal anatomy well-suited to investigation using MRI. We show that static 3D MRI techniques can be useful in distinguishing the pharyngeal sounds of Arabic and that average pixel intensity in MR images can be used to track pharyngeal articulations as a function of time.
Study on feed systems of multibeam antennas for S-band mobile satellite communications (2002)

The development of mobile satellite communications systems using LEO and MEO satellites has been watched with considerable interest. At the Advanced Space Communications Research Laboratory, a future S-band mobile satellite communications and broadcasting system using GEO satellites is being developed to facilitate use of hand-held communications devices. One of the key technologies in realizing these communications system is a high-performance satellite antenna system consisting of a large deployable reflector and a feed system. This system is capable of generating multiple beams, enabling frequency re-use and achieving high gain. The system can also provide flexible power control for traffic variations. In this paper, we describe the design of an S-band multibeam antenna feed system assumed to use a 10 m diameter reflector, and also describe numerical results.
<title>Optical tomography breast imaging</title> (1997)

Breast imaging using computed optical tomography (COT) is an advanced form of medical optical imaging (MOI). X-ray tomography techniques are documented. COT is somewhat documented, but implementation of the concepts to create a practical, clinically useful imaging device has only recently been accomplished. The first step, building a data collection device incorporating a near infrared laser to acquire data in a reasonable time and with no biological hazard, has been accomplished. The luxury of straight-line propagation of x- rays is not applicable to COT. The next step, developing a reconstruction algorithm using data acquired from a turbid media to produce a clinically useful image in an acceptable time, has been accomplished and is being refined. Clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of the computed tomography laser mammography (CTLM) system is underway at two locations.
Has the health care debate gotten out of hand? (1979)

Has the struggle between private providers and the government over the control of health care services gotten out of hand? Robert Derzon, former director of the Health Care Financing Administration, thinks that both sides have lost their perspective on the issues and need to regain a sense of balance and recognition of each other's rightful role in the health care delivery system.
Tools for High-Tech Tool Use: A Framework and Heuristics for Using Interactive Simulations (2013)

Abstract: As the use of computer-based science simulations in educational environments grows, so too does the need for research on productive use of simulations. This paper presents ways to create effective assignments that accompany an interactive simulation in a variety of educational environments. A framework that supports the creation of assignments with simulations in any environment is provided, as well as a set of heuristics, or strategies, for how to create assignments based on the particular environment and simulation being used. Case studies are provided to illustrate implementation of the heuristics, and how the heuristics can be used to promote productive use of a simulation.
Daily, intermittent intravenous infusion of peptide YY(3-36) reduces daily food intake and adiposity in rats (2005)

The gut hormone peptide YY(3-36) [PYY(3-36)] decreases food intake when administered by intravenous infusion to lean and obese humans and rats. Whether chronic administration of PYY(3-36) produces a sustained reduction in food intake and adiposity is the subject of intense debate. Batterham et al. (R. L. Batterham, M. A. Cowley, C. J. Small, H. Herzog, M. A. Cohen, C. L. Dakin, A. M. Wren, A. E. Brynes, M. J. Low, M. A. Ghatei, R. D. Cone, and S. R. Bloom. Nature 418: 650-654, 2002) first reported that PYY(3-36) reduces food intake and weight gain in rats when injected into the peritoneal cavity twice daily for 7 days. Numerous laboratories have failed to confirm that daily injections of PYY(3-36) decrease body weight. Continuous subcutaneous administration of PYY(3-36) by osmotic minipump has been reported to reduce daily food intake in rodents but only during the first 3-4 days of administration. Here we show the effects of different daily patterns of intravenous infusion of PYY(3-36) on food intake, body weight, and adiposity in rats tethered via infusion swivels to computer-controlled pumps. Measurement of food bowl weight recorded by computer every 20 s permitted daily assessment of the instantaneous effects of PYY(3-36) administration on food intake and meal patterns. One-hour intravenous infusions of PYY(3-36) at 30 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1) every other hour for 10 days produced a sustained reduction in daily food intake of approximately 20% and decreased body weight and adiposity by 7 and 35%, respectively. Thus dosage pattern is critical for producing a sustained effect of PYY(3-36) on food intake and adiposity.
Start-up Method Involving Reduced Shock in Speed and Current for PMSMs with Position Sensorless Control under Wide-Range Load (2010)

The synchronous mode is widely used in the start-up of a position sensorless PMSM drive system. However, the shock in speed and current may occur when the control mode is changed to the position sensorless control mode for a wide-range load. In this paper, a start-up method for a PMSM with position sensorless control is presented. To reduce the shock in speed and current when the control mode is changed, a method to adjust the vector angle of current reference in the synchronous mode is proposed. Using the method, the position error between the control axis and rotor axis can be reduced before the control mode is changed, and all of the PI controllers can be initialized properly. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results.
The Glomerulus (2014)

The glomerulus, the filtering unit of the kidney, is a unique bundle of capillaries lined by delicate fenestrated endothelia, a complex mesh of proteins that serve as the glomerular basement membrane and specialized visceral epithelial cells that form the slit diaphragms between interdigitating foot processes. Taken together, this arrangement allows continuous filtration of the plasma volume. The dynamic physical forces that determine the single nephron glomerular filtration are considered. In addition, new insights into the cellular and molecular components of the glomerular tuft and their contribution to glomerular disorders are explored.
Contribution au domaine de la conception des Systèmes Embarqués et Pervasifs Faible Consommation (2015)

La première partie est consacré à l’Estimation de la Consommation des Architectures Logicel. Ce travail est en continuité de mes travaux de thèse et ont démarré avec le projet SPICES piloté par le Dr Eric Senn. Ce projet avait pour but, pour notre partie, de modéliser et d’estimer la consommation des services d’un système d’exploitation à haut niveau. Ces travaux ont fait l’objet de la thèse de Saadia Dhouib (2006-2009) co dirigée par Eric Senn et Jean Philippe Diguet.La seconde aborde le problème du placement des données en mémoire pour les architectures logiciel. L’idée de ces travaux était de permettre un placement optimum des structures de données d’une application dans une hiérarchie mémoire fixée. Ce travail a été le début de la collaboration avec Marc Sevaux et André Rossi sur ces aspects et ont été poursuivis dans la thèse réalisée par Maria Soto (2008-2011).La troisième présente les travaux autour de l’estimation et l’optimisation de la consommation des interconnexions dans les systèmes sur puce (SoC). Dans un système sur puce la consommation d’énergie générée par les interconnexions peut devenir non négligeable ; il devient donc indispensable de pouvoir optimiser cette consommation. Afin de pouvoir juger des optimisations proposées, un modèle d’estimation est nécessaire car le temps de conception et de simulation (au niveau électrique) est prohibitif. Ces travaux ont fait l’objet de la thèse d’Antoine Courtay (2005-2008) co dirigée par Olivier Sentieys et Nathalie Julien.Enfin la dernière aborde mes derniers travaux de recherche sur la conception de systèmes pervasifs pour le domaine maritime. Ces travaux aborde plusieurs sous thèmes comme: -la mesure de la performance pour la course au large ; travaux de thèse de Ronan Douguet (2010-2014)-l’utilisation de la réalité augmentée pour l’aide à la navigation ; travaux de thèse de Jean Christophe Morgère (2011-2015)-l’optimisation temps réel d’énergies renouvelables pour voilier du futur ; travaux de thèse de Mathilde Tréhin (2013- ?)-les algorithmes et plateforme faible consommation pour la conception d’un pilote automatique haute performance pour le nautisme ; travaux de thèse d’Hugo Kerhascoet (2014-2017)