gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrocyanation of some α,β-unsaturated ketones, and the synthesis of some unusual isoxazoles (1995)

β-Cyano-α-methylcycloalkanones are regiospecifically nitrosated at the α-position by pentyl nitrite in methanolic sodium methoxide to give fused isoxazolo-lactams via a pathway probably involving sequential cycloalkanone cleavage, isoxazole formation and lactamisation. The chemistry of some new compounds derived from the hydrocyanation products of (–)-carvone is described.
Homogenous IgA Monomers, Dimers, Trimers and Tetramers from the Same IgA Myeloma Serum (1995)

Starting from two IgA1 myeloma sera, the isolation of monoclonal monomeric, dimeric, trimeric and tetrameric IgA in a high state of purity and size homogeneity for each serum is described. The method combined repetitive gel filtrations on Ultrogel AcA22 with affinity chromatography on Jacalin-Sepharose. These various forms of pure polymeric IgA obtained from the same monoclonal IgA should allow a precise comparison of their respective structure and reactivity with different IgA-binding proteins, such as IgA Fc-receptors, the polymeric Ig receptor, and lectins.
Inspection and Image Analysis of Nickel Sulphide Inclusions in Toughened Glass Panels (2006)

Nickel sulphide is a kind of detrimental inclusion in toughened glass panels. Once the critical conditions are satisfied, the inclusion will cause the shattering of glass panels. An inspection tool was developed for rapid detection of inclusions. More than one thousand pieces of glass were inspected and seventeen of them were found with inclusions. With the experiment of heat soak, and analysis of dispersive energy spectrum, the appearance of nickel sulfide inclusion was presented, which can be used as guidance of in-line inspection of glass panels. The optical system was improved to get clear image of inclusions inside glass panels. Auto focus technique was used to measure the depth of inclusions, which can provide a parameter for the categorization of inclusions
Object- Oriented Multibody Motorcycle Modelling for Control Systems Prototyping (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
GPU Computing for Particle Tracking (2011)

This is a feasibility study of using a modern Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) to parallelize the accelerator particle tracking code. To demonstrate the massive parallelization features provided by GPU computing, a simplified TracyGPU program is developed for dynamic aperture calculation. Performances, issues, and challenges from introducing GPU are also discussed. General purpose Computation on Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU) bring massive parallel computing capabilities to numerical calculation. However, the unique architecture of GPU requires a comprehensive understanding of the hardware and programming model to be able to well optimize existing applications. In the field of accelerator physics, the dynamic aperture calculation of a storage ring, which is often the most time consuming part of the accelerator modeling and simulation, can benefit from GPU due to its embarrassingly parallel feature, which fits well with the GPU programming model. In this paper, we use the Tesla C2050 GPU which consists of 14 multi-processois (MP) with 32 cores on each MP, therefore a total of 448 cores, to host thousands ot threads dynamically. Thread is a logical execution unit of the program on GPU. In the GPU programming model, threads are grouped into a collection of blocks Within each block, multiple threads share the same code, and up to 48 KB of shared memory. Multiple thread blocks form a grid, which is executed as a GPU kernel. A simplified code that is a subset of Tracy++ [2] is developed to demonstrate the possibility of using GPU to speed up the dynamic aperture calculation by having each thread track a particle.
Interference modeling for cognitive femtocells (2013)

The possibility of increasing coverage and capacity of radio cellular systems by deploying femtocell base stations is strongly dependent on the capability of avoiding interference with the macrocell network (macrocell users and macrocell base stations). A centralized radio resource allocation procedure controlling the spectrum allocation of the multi-tier network would ensure a perfect coexistence between the macrocell and the femtocell networks. However, such a centralized system is of very high complexity. Considering the distributed nature of the femtocell network, with femtocell base stations placed without planning, a distributed resource allocation system is therefore desirable. In the broader field of cognitive radio networks, frequency band sharing can be based on different approaches. For less dynamic systems, access to the spectrum can be based on the information provided by a central database where geographical information on the spectrum usage is stored. In this case, the cognitive device is aware of its geographical position and can decide which frequency bands can be used to establish a communication link. For the case of femtocells, since the spectrum usage from the macrocell system is quite dynamic and changes frequently, a spectrum allocation relying on database information is not feasible. As for distributed secondary networks, cognitive radio resource management (CRRM) is a solution for a femtocell user (FU) to detect and access the idle spectrum [1-4]. A way to implement the CRRM is to activate a dedicated signaling channel between the macrocell and femtocell networks. The busy channel assessment can be based on the detection of a preamble shared between the macrocell and femtocell networks.
ACBAR Measurements of CMB Angular Power Spectrum (2002)

Arcminute Bolometer Array Receiver (ACBAR) is a 16-element bolometer array operating at 230mK. ACBAR was deployed at the South Pole in December 2000. Here we present the CMB angular power spectrum in the range 200&lt;l&lt;2200 measured by ACBAR during the austral winter of 2001.
Evaluation of SCC Formwork Pressure (2010)

Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is a new class of high-performance concrete that can fl ow readily under its own weight and consolidate without mechanical vibrations and with minimum risk of segregation. SCC has been successfully used in North America in the precast industry; however, the use of SCC in cast-in-place applications has been hindered by some technical issues, including formwork pressure exerted by SCC. Lack of information regarding formwork pressure variations during casting and pressure decay following placement has prompted contractors and engineers, as recommended by ACI 347 (Guide to Formwork for Concrete), to design for full hydrostatic pressure. Unfortunately, this leads to cost increase of the formwork system that compromises profi tability due to rapid placements and possible labor savings associated with SCC. Th is paper presents a summary of an extensive research project that aimed at developing formulation expertise and guidelines to lower lateral pressure of SCC. Th e project was sponsored by the RMC Research & Education Foundation and the Strategic Development Council of the American Concrete Institute. Th e paper highlights the development of a pressure column device that can be used to predict lateral pressure exerted by SCC as well as empirical test methods to determine the structural build up at rest of SCC, which is shown to signifi cantly aff ect formwork pressure. Th e role of material constituents, mix design, concrete casting rate, formwork geometry and temperature on SCC form pressure are highlighted. Proposed design equations to predict formwork pressure of SCC on column and wall elements are also presented.
A novel process for methanol synthesis (1991)

A bench-scale reactor is being used to conduct studies of the conversion of synthesis gas to methanol by a novel process. In previous reports, we provided evidence for a two step reaction in series, the carbonylation reaction mainly taking place in a non-equilibrium region in the vicinity of the Cu-chromite surface, and the hydrogenolysis reaction taking place on the surface of the Cu-chromite. The synergism between the two catalysts enhances the rate of methanol formation. In this quarter, we studied the effect of pressure and temperature on the rate of MeOH synthesis. We also compared the reaction rate of a syngas feed simulated for an H{sub 2}/CO ratio from a Texaco gasifier with a methanol balanced syngas feed (H{sub 2}/CO=2). Atomic absorption analysis of solid and liquid samples for the KOMe/Cu-chromite runs was undertaken to identify the distribution of potassium at the end of the methanol synthesis runs. Modelling studies were initiated with emphasis on both kinetic and process behavior. 12 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.
Steam Alternating Solvent Process (2007)

Summary A new heavy-oil-recovery process, the steam alternating solvent (SAS) process, is proposed and studied using numerical simulation. The process is intended to combine the advantages of the steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) and vapor-extraction (va-pex) processes to minimize the energy input per unit oil recovered. The SAS process involves injecting steam and solvent alternately, and the basic well configurations are the same as those in the SAGD process. Field-scale simulations were conducted to assess the SAS process performance under typical Cold Lake, Alberta, reservoir conditions. These results suggested that the oil-production rate of an SAS process could be higher than that of a SAGD process, while the energy input was 18% less than that of a SAGD process. By varying the length of the steam- and solvent-injection periods in a cycle, a different set of steam/oil and solvent/oil ratios may be obtained because the temperature profiles and solvent-concentration distributions in the vapor chamber can be affected by the injection pattern. The process therefore can be optimized for a specific reservoir under certain economic conditions.
Properties of the cadmium binding proteins of Euglena gracilis (1986)

The bacterial flagellar motor is mainly energized by either a proton (H(+)) or sodium ion (Na(+)) motive force and the motor torque is generated by interaction at the rotor-stator interface. MotA/MotB-type stators use H(+) as the coupling ion, whereas MotP/MotS- and PomA/PomB-type stators use Na(+). Bacillus subtilis employs both H(+)-coupled MotA/MotB and Na(+)-coupled MotP/MotS stators, which contribute to the torque required for flagellar rotation. In Escherichia coli, there is a universally conserved Asp-32 residue of MotB that is critical for motility and is a predicted H(+)-binding site. In B. subtilis, the conserved aspartic acid residue corresponds to Asp-24 of MotB (MotB-D24) and Asp-30 of MotS (MotS-D30). Here we report the isolation of two mutants, MotB-D24E and MotS-D30E, which showed a non-motile and poorly motile phenotype, respectively. Up-motile mutants were spontaneously isolated from each mutant. We identified a suppressor mutation at MotB-T181A and MotP-L172P, respectively. Mutants MotB-T181A and MotP-L172P showed about 50% motility and a poorly motile phenotype compared to each wild type strain. These suppressor sites were suggested to indirectly affect the structure of the ion influx pathway.
Experimental Preparation Showing Effect of Reserpine on Tissue Resistance. (1960)

The I.V. administration of reserpine lowers significantly the susceptibility of the intact cat's esophagus to injury by digestive action of human gastric juice.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Sodium Selenite Induces Superoxide-Mediated Mitochondrial Damage and Subsequent Autophagic Cell Death in Malignant Glioma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Sodium Selenite Induces Superoxide-Mediated Mitochondrial Damage and Subsequent Autophagic Cell Death in Malignant Glioma Cells
Synthesis and biodistribution of p‐iodophenyl analogues of a naturally occurring imidazole ribonucleoside (1988)

Abstract A model iodophenyl imidazole ribonucleoside has been synthesized to study biodistribution properties in laboratory animals. The key intermediate 5‐amino‐1‐(2,3,5‐tri‐ O ‐acetyl‐β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)imidazole‐4‐[ N ‐( p ‐iodophenyl)carboxamide] ( 5 ) was synthesized by coupling N ‐succinimidyl‐5‐amino‐1‐(2,3,5‐tri‐ O ‐acetyl‐β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)imidazole‐4‐carboxylate ( 4 ) and p ‐iodoaniline. Deacetylation of the intermediate compound gave 5‐amino‐1‐β‐D‐ribofuranosylimidazole‐4‐[ N ‐( p ‐iodophenyl)]carboxamide ( 6 ). Ring annulation via diazotization of 5 gave 7‐(2,3,5‐tri‐ O ‐acetyl‐β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)imidazo[4,5‐ d ]‐ v ‐triazin‐[3‐ N ‐( p ‐iodophenyl)]‐4‐one ( 7 ). Subsequent deacetylation of 7 afforded 7‐β‐D‐ribofuranosylimidazo[4,5‐ d ]‐ v ‐triazin‐[3‐ N ‐( p ‐iodophenyl)]‐4‐one ( 8 ). The radiolabeled compounds, [ 125 I] 5 and [ 125 I] 6 were prepared in a manner similar to the corresponding unlabeled compounds except that p ‐[ 125 I]iodoaniline was used for coupling with 4 . Biodistribution studies of iodine‐125‐labeled 5 and 6 were performed in female Fischer rats and tumor bearing nude mice. Compound 6 showed uptake in the brain and proliferating tissues such as tumor and bone‐marrow.
Reservoir Management Using Production Data (1999)

Abstract This paper presents a methodology to effectively use the production data to improve the performance of the existing water flood. Using simple statistical procedures and method of superposition (e.g., one producing well could be affected by several injection wells), the injection wells which are affecting the production of oil and water from individual producing wells are determined. The connection or the lack of connection between injection and producing wells based on the previous step can be utilized in optimizing water flood process and in modeling the reservoir. The method is tested in a synthetic water flood field and in a mature water flood field in West Texas.
PRELIMINARY EXPERIENCE WITH THE ENTERPRISE STENT FOR ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT OF COMPLEX INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS (2008)

Stent-assisted coiling is an accepted endovascular treatment (EVT) for complex intracranial aneurysms. The Enterprise self-expandable stent (Cordis, Miami Lakes, FL) is a new retractable stent that is delivered via a conventional coiling catheter to potentially circumvent the limitations of other stents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of this stent for EVT of complex aneurysms. Between January and May 2007, 14 patients with 15 unruptured wide-necked or fusiform aneurysms were treated. EVT consisted of stent placement and subsequent endosaccular coiling. Clinical outcome was assessed with the modified Glasgow Outcome Scale. EVT was successfully performed and led to an excellent outcome in all patients. The stent was easily navigated and precisely positioned in all cases. However, the stent's visibility was poor once it was delivered. Moreover, procedural complications occurred in three patients, including stent migration (n = 1) and coil protrusion between the stent and the vessel wall (n = 2). In these latter two cases, a remodeling balloon was required to assist in delivery of the coils. No clinical incidence of complications was observed when the parent artery had a diameter of more than 4 mm. Angiographic results consisted of eight complete occlusions, four neck remnants, and three incomplete occlusions. The Enterprise stent is very useful for EVT of complex intracranial aneurysms because it is easy to navigate and place precisely. However, the currently available stent has two relatively limiting characteristics: 1) it has poor visibility, and 2) it should only be used for aneurysms located on a parent artery with a maximal diameter of 4 mm.
The supervisory system of the Imperial College Free Ranging Automated guided Vehicle project (2002)

The development of the supervisory system of the Imperial College Free Ranging Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) project in a known structured environment is described. AGVs are increasingly being used in industry to transport workpieces between specified locations. The supervisory system is the traffic controller which interfaces the AGV fleet with other activities in the factory. Based on transportation demands, the supervisory system executes the dispatching, scheduling, communicating and monitoring operation of the fleet. The system also performs dynamic rescheduling if unexpected obstacles or conflict situations arise for the selected vehicles.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Vapor Pressures and Enthalpies of Combustion of the Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Isomers (2009)

The Knudsen mass-loss effusion technique was used to measure the vapor pressures at different temperatures of the following dihydroxybenzoic acids: 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, between (345.22 and 363.18) K; 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, between (376.22 and 392.11) K; 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, between (372.14 and 388.92) K; 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid, between (347.14 and 365.17) K; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, between (387.12 and 403.26) K; and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, between (345.22 and 363.18) K. From the temperature dependences of the vapor pressure of the crystalline compounds, the standard (p0 = 105 Pa) molar enthalpies and Gibbs energies of sublimation, at T = 298.15 K, were derived. For each of the six isomers the standard (p0 = 0.1 MPa) molar enthalpy of formation in the crystalline phase was derived from the experimental standard molar energy of combustion, in oxygen, measured by static-bomb combustion calorimetry at T = 298.15 K. The combination of the standard molar enthalpy of formation in the crystalline phase with the standard enthalpy of sublimation yields the standard molar enthalpy of formation in the gaseous phase of the studied compounds.
Amperometric detection of gaseous ethanol and acetaldehyde at low concentrations on an Au–Nafion electrode (1999)

An amperometric sensor capable of detecting mixtures of ethanol and acetaldehyde in the low ppb range without the need for prior separation is described. The electrochemical cell was based on a Au sensing electrode chemically deposited onto one side of a Nafion membrane with 1 M NaOH internal electrolyte solution. The detection was achieved by applying two potentials, –450 and –290 mV vs. a saturated mercury–mercurous sulfate electrode (MSE), at which ethanol and acetaldehyde react at different rates. Under the conditions investigated, acetaldehyde oxidation was mass transport limited at both potentials, whereas the anodic current due to the oxidation of ethanol was 40% lower at the more cathodic potential. Detection limits of 2 and 1 ppb (S/N = 3) were determined for ethanol and acetaldehyde respectively when the analyte species were detected individually. Poisoning of the working electrode was not observed for concentrations of ethanol in the ppb range. Acetaldehyde oxidation was found not to affect the sensing electrode condition, even at concentrations of several tens of ppm.
Feed-forward friction and inertia compensation for improving backdrivability of motors (2012)

Backdrivability is an important property in applications like haptics, where force or torque is exerted by the user onto the motor. Gears cause higher friction, which results in a reduction of the backdrivability. This paper investigates how the backdriving torque can be reduced without the additional use of expensive force-torque sensors. The friction compensation uses a predetermined mapping, that adapts the motor's supporting torque depending on the measured velocity. The inertia compensation depends on the acceleration multiplied by the motor's moment of inertia. The method was objectively evaluated by using a robot. Kinetic friction compensation with inertia compensation significantly reduced the backdriving torque by 66.67 % over all median, and 23.58 % over all average values from measurements with different velocity and acceleration profiles. However, the variance and torque peaks were increased. The inertia compensation showed slight benefits in comparison to kinetic compensation alone, but not throughout all measurements.
Global Landscape and Regulatory Principles of DNA Methylation Reprogramming for Germ Cell Specification by Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cells (2016)

Specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) activates epigenetic reprogramming for totipotency, the elucidation of which remains a fundamental challenge. Here, we uncover regulatory principles for DNA methylation reprogramming during in vitro PGC specification, in which mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are induced into epiblast-like cells (EpiLCs) and then PGC-like cells (PGCLCs). While ESCs reorganize their methylome to form EpiLCs, PGCLCs essentially dilute the EpiLC methylome at constant, yet different, rates between unique sequence regions and repeats. ESCs form hypomethylated domains around pluripotency regulators for their activation, whereas PGCLCs create demethylation-sensitive domains around developmental regulators by accumulating abundant H3K27me3 for their repression. Loss of PRDM14 globally upregulates methylation and diminishes the hypomethylated domains, but it preserves demethylation-sensitive domains. Notably, female ESCs form hypomethylated lamina-associated domains, while female PGCLCs effectively reverse such states into a more normal configuration. Our findings illuminate the unique orchestration of DNA methylation and histone modification reprogramming during PGC specification.
Dynamic Analysis of Linear Resonant Actuator under PWM Control Employing the 3-D Finite Element Method (2009)

This paper proposes a dynamic analysis method of the linear resonance actuator under PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control employing the 3-D finite element method (FEM). The effectiveness of this method is shown by the comparison with the experimental results. Moreover, the influence of the load on dynamic performances is clarified.
Evaluation of partial‐mouth recording systems of gingival parameters in a Portuguese adult population (2012)

The Q1+Q3 combination could be particularly applicable in studies investigating relationships between the state of gingival health and environmental or patient-related systemic factors, as well as in the development of oral health scales that include gingival parameters.
Efflux, Signaling and Warfare in a Polymicrobial World (2023)

The discovery void of antimicrobial development has occurred at a time when the world has seen a rapid emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance, the 'perfect storm' as it has often been described. While the discovery and development of new antibiotics has continued in the research sphere, the pipeline to clinic has largely been fed by derivatives of existing classes of antibiotics, each prone to pre-existing resistance mechanisms. A novel approach to infection management has come from the ecological perspective whereby microbial networks and evolved communities already possess small molecular capabilities for pathogen control. The spatiotemporal nature of microbial interactions is such that mutualism and parasitism are often two ends of the same stick. Small molecule efflux inhibitors can directly target antibiotic efflux, a primary resistance mechanism adopted by many species of bacteria and fungi. However, a much broader anti-infective capability resides within the action of these inhibitors, borne from the role of efflux in key physiological and virulence processes, including biofilm formation, toxin efflux, and stress management. Understanding how these behaviors manifest within complex polymicrobial communities is key to unlocking the full potential of the advanced repertoires of efflux inhibitors.