gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Presence of autoantibodies to interleukin-8 or neutrophil-activating peptide-2 in patients with heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (1996)

Eighty-seven patients with heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HAT) showed either a positive heparin platelet aggregometry test result and/or the presence of antibodies to heparin-platelet factor 4 (H-PF4) complexes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fifteen of these patients lacked antibodies to H-PF4, and plasma from these patients was analyzed for the presence of antibodies to PF4-related chemokines, Neutrophil-activating peptide-2 (NAP-2) and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Of these 15 patients, 6 showed antibodies to IL-8 and 3 to the platelet basic protein (PBP)-derived protein, NAP-2. Antibodies to IL-8 and NAP-2 were not observed in control patients (n = 38), patients with HAT and H-PF4 autoantibodies (n = 72), patients with autoimmune diseases (n = 21), or patients with non-HAT thrombocytopenia (n = 30). Five of these nine patients with anti-IL-8 or anti-NAP-2 developed thrombosis during heparin treatment, which is not statistically different from the patients with H-PF4 antibodies. The existence of autoantibodies to IL-8 and NAP-2 in HAT patients highlights the significance of chemokines in the pathogenesis of HAT. The contribution of heparin in vitro was minimal in patients with anti-IL-8 and anti-NAP-2 antibodies, suggesting a biologic difference from the majority of patients with HAT and anti-PF4 antibodies. It may be that antibodies to IL-8 and NAP-2 have weaker affinity for heparin and that the ELISA system may not reflect in vivo heparin-chemokine complex formation. Alternatively, antichemokine autoantibodies may predate heparin exposure, and the role of heparin in initiating HAT may be to mobilize the chemokines and to target them to platelets, neutrophils, or endothelial cells. Subsequent chemokine-binding autoantibodies then lead to cell activation resulting in thrombocytopenia and thrombosis.
'Membrane Separation Systems : Recent Developments and Future Directions (1991)

This book discusses recent developments and future directions in the field of membrane separation systems. It describes research needed to bring energy-saving membrane separation processes to technical and commercial readiness for commercial acceptance within the next 5 to 20 years. It also pays particular attention to identifying currently emerging innovative processes.
The immunological basis of immediate hypersensitivity. (1979)

IgE is a homocytotropic antibody which binds to the surface of the mast cell. Antigen with affinity for IgE triggers conformational change at the cell surface, resulting in the release of chemical mediators from the mast cell granules. The mediators histamine, slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis and eosinophil chemotactic factor cause smooth muscle contraction, increased capillary permeability, eosinophil attraction and increased glandular secretions. The release of mediators from the mast cell granules is controlled by intracellular levels of cyclic nucleotides. In particular, elevated cyclic AMP inhibits mediator release. Adrenergic, cholinergic and prostaglandin receptors all influence mediator release. The characteristic immunopathology of immediate hypersensitivity reactions is a result of local or systemic mediator release. Such reactions include anaphylaxis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, urticaria and angioedema. Similar immunopathology may sometimes result from mechanisms not involving IgE or histamine mediators. Routine investigation of patients with immediate hypersensitivity should include eosinophil counts and IgE levels in blood and secretions, and immediate hypersensitivity skin tests. RAST testing is not routine. Therapeutic principles of these reactions include restoration of inhibitory levels of cyclic nucleotides, antagonism of mediator effects and immunological manipulation of the IgE mediated allergic reaction.
Successful heart transplantation after 17 h ex vivo time using the Organ Care System—3 years follow‐up (2021)

Cold storage preservation is the standard approach for heart transplantation but is a time-limited method of care. Ex vivo heart perfusion expands the donor pool due by mitigating time and distance barriers and allows the possibility to improve graft function. We report long term follow up of a successful heart transplantation following an ex vivo time of 17 h using the Organ Care System in a patient with a left ventricular assist device.
Differentially-Private Heat and Electricity Markets Coordination (2022)

Sector coordination between heat and electricity systems has been identified has an energy-efficient and cost-effective way to transition towards a more sustainable energy system. However, the coordination of sequential markets relies on the exchange of sensitive information between the market operators, namely time series of consumers' loads. To address the privacy concerns arising from this exchange, this paper introduces a novel privacy-preserving Stackelberg mechanism (w-PPSM) which generates differentially-private data streams with high fidelity. The proposed w-PPSM enforces the feasibility and fidelity of the privacy-preserving data with respect to the original problem through a post-processing phase in order to achieve a close-to-optimal coordination between the markets. Multiple numerical simulations in a realistic energy system demonstrate the effectiveness of the w-PPSM, which achieves up to two orders of magnitude reduction in the cost of privacy compared to a traditional differentially-private mechanism.
Acetone Hydrodeoxygenation over Bifunctional Metallic–Acidic Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts (2016)

Metallic–acidic bifunctionality of molybdenum carbidic catalytic formulations can be tuned by oxygen cofeed and reductive pretreatments to control carbonyl hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). Acetone is deoxygenated over activated Mo2C via sequential hydrogenation of acetone to equilibrium and subsequent dehydration of isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Dehydration to propylene occurs over Brønsted acid sites with an intrinsic activation energy of 103 ± 1 kJ mol–1 and a rate-determining step of β-hydrogen scission, as inferred from a kinetic isotope effect (KIE) of 1.85. HDO rate-determining dehydration rates were kinetically independent of H2 and oxygenate pressure from 10 to 82 kPa and from 0.05 to 4 kPa, respectively. Both the kinetics and the deoxygenation reaction pathway were shown to be similar for the aldehyde group of propanal. Oxygen treatment of activated carbides via 13.5 kPa O2 cofeed was shown to decrease the catalyst surface area from 68 to 9 m2 g–1 and to suppress metallic hydrogenation of acetone to IPA. IPA dehydration rates per gram of catalyst could be altered by a factor of ∼60; a longer activation time under H2 flow at 773 K increased dehydration activation energies from 103 to 140 kJ mol–1, decreased Brønsted acid site densities, and decreased 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine-normalized dehydration turnover frequencies, indicative of a reduction-induced change in the number and nature of the acid sites.
ChemInform Abstract: Pharmacophore‐Based Discovery, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 4‐Phenyl‐1‐arylalkyl Piperidines as Dopamine Transporter Inhibitors. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Review of Scientific Instruments New Products (2020)

In order to supplement manufacturers' information, this department will welcome the submission by our readers of brief communications reporting measurements on the physical properties of materials which supersede earlier data or suggest new research applications.
Assessment of pressure field calculations from particle image velocimetry measurements (2010)

This paper explores the challenges associated with the determination of in-field pressure from DPIV (digital particle image velocimetry)-measured planar velocity fields for time-dependent incompressible flows. Several methods that have been previously explored in the literature are compared, including direct integration of the pressure gradients and solution of different forms of the pressure Poisson equations. Their dependence on grid resolution, sampling rate, velocity measurement error levels and off-axis recording was quantified using artificial data of two ideal sample flow fields—a decaying vortex flow and pulsatile flow between two parallel plates, and real DPIV and pressure data from oscillating flow through a diffuser. The need for special attention to mitigate the velocity error propagation in the pressure estimation is also addressed using a physics-preserving approach based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). The results demonstrate that there is no unique or optimum method for estimating the pressure field and the resulting error will depend highly on the type of the flow. However, the virtual boundary, omni-directional pressure integration scheme first proposed by Liu and Katz (2006 Exp. Fluids 41 227–40) performed consistently well in both synthetic and experimental flows. Estimated errors can vary from less than 1% to over 100% with respect to the expected value, though in contrast to more traditional smoothing algorithms, the newly proposed POD-based filtering approach can reduce errors for a given set of conditions by an order of magnitude or more. This analysis offers valuable insight that allows optimizing the choice of methods and parameters based on the flow under consideration.
Experimental determination of conduction channels in atomic-scale conductors based on shot noise measurements (2013)

We demonstrate a general procedure for determining the conduction channels of quantum conductors from shot noise measurements. This numerical approach allows multichannel analysis which was previously limited to superconductors. Channel analysis of Ag and Au atomic contacts reveals a remarkable behavior in which the channels fully open one by one with increasing conductance. These results allow us to unambiguously distinguish between free-electron and tight-binding descriptions for the conductance of monovalent contacts. Furthermore, the channel resolution uncovers the presence of tunneling channels in parallel to the conductance through the main contact and provides a means for distinguishing between the contact conductance and tunneling contributions. Finally, unique channel distributions were found for Al and Pt contacts reflecting their distinct valence orbital structures.
Biofilm Formation on Intraocular Lenses by a Clinical Strain Encoding theicaLocus: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study (2003)

For the first time in ophthalmology, to the authors' knowledge, photographs showing leglike appendages involved in the first phase of adhesion have been obtained. They also clearly visualize the slime layer containing the embedded bacteria. This study provides information about the nature and the genesis of these attachment processes. Adherence is known to be greater when the bacterial DNA contain the ica locus. Full knowledge of the pathogenesis of bacterial adhesion is necessary to gain a better understanding of IOL infection and endophthalmitis.
3D Face Reconstruction with Texture Details from a Single Image Based on GAN (2019)

Human face is the most important content to distinguish and remember individuals from different characters. The rich information contained in it allows people to perform information transmission and identity authentication through face images. Compared with 2D plane faces, the face model in 3D space contains more complex and rich biological information. Therefore, 3D face reconstruction technology has long been one of the hotspots in the field of computer vision. In this paper, we propose a single-image 3D face reconstruction algorithm. In order to improve the accuracy and speed of image generation, we use an improved network framework based on GAN and a joint loss function, and finally we obtain a 3d face model containing texture features through detailed filling.
MDL-based joint denoising and compression of intracortical signals (2012)

Intra-cortical signals are usually affected by high levels of noise (0 dB SNR is not uncommon) either due to the recording equipment or to magnetical and electrical couplings between surrounding sources and the recording system. Besides from hindering effective exploitation of the information content in the signals, noise also influences the bandwidth needed to transmit them, which is a problem especially when a large number of channels are to be recorded. In this paper we propose a novel technique for joint denoising and compression of intra-cortical signals based on the Minimum Description Length principle (MDL). This method was tested on simulated signals and the results showed that the proposed technique achieves improvements in SNR (up to .6 dB over MNML for very noisy signals) and compression ratios greater than alternative denoising/compression methods.
Forces for rolling and asymmetric pinching of pressurized cylindrical tubes (1999)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
A CellBE-based HPC Application for the Analysis of Vulnerabilities in Cryptographic Hash Functions (2010)

After some recent breaks presented in the technical literature, it has become of paramount importance to gain a deeper understanding of the robustness and weaknesses of cryptographic hash functions. In particular, in the light of the recent attacks to the MD5 hash function, SHA-1 remains currently the only function that can be used in practice, since it is the only alternative to MD5 in many security standards. This work presents a study of vulnerabilities in the SHA family, namely the SHA-0 and SHA-1 hash functions, based on a high-performance computing application run on the MariCel cluster available at the Barcelona Supercomputing Center. The effectiveness of the different optimizations and search strategies that have been used is validated by a comprehensive set of quantitative evaluations, presented in the paper. Most importantly, at the conclusion of our study, we were able to identify an actual collision for a 71-round version of SHA-1, the first ever found so far.
Testicular Metabolism in Adrenalectomized and Corticosterone Treated Rats (1971)

Testicular metabolism was examined after adult rats were adrenalectom-ized and/or treated with corticosterone (0.7S, 1.5, and 3.0 mg/day) for 5 days. The weight and DNA and RNA concentrations of testes were not affected by either adrenalectomy or corticosterone replacement but corticosterone (3.0 mg) reduced (p<0.05) testis protein and prevented the loss of testis carbohydrate noted after adrenalectomy. Anaerobic glucose catabolism (cell-free preparations) increased 12% (p<0.05) after adrenalectomy and decreased 13% (p<0.05) after corticosterone (3.0 mg) therapy but neither of these treatments affected aerobic glucose catabolism. Corticosterone (3.0 mg) depressed (p<0.05) the oxidation of glucose-1-14C and glucose-6-14C to 14CO2; whereas adrenalectomy showed a tendency to increase the activity of 14CO2. Testosterone synthesis dropped (p<0.05) after corticosterone (3.0 mg) therapy but was not altered by adrenalectomy. The results suggest that adrenalectomy modifies testicular glucose ca-tabolism and that corticosterone may affect the testis by reducing glucose utilization and testosterone synthesis.
The value of dynamic preload variables during spontaneous ventilation (2017)

Although originally intended to be used only during mechanical ventilation, 'dynamic parameters' may offer valuable clinical information in spontaneously breathing patients.
Nanoparticle PET imaging of natriuretic peptide clearance receptor in a rabbit atherosclerosis model (2012)

1789 Objectives The goal of this study was to utilize C-type atrial natriuretic factor (CANF) conjugated Comb-like nanoparticle to image the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPR-C) up-regulated in a rabbit atherosclerosis model and demonstrate the superiority of nanoparticle in molecular imaging. Methods CANF peptide was conjugated to Comb-like nanoparticle to target the NPR-C receptor expressed at atherosclerotic plaque in a double-injured rabbit model with the non-CANF conjugated Comb-like nanoparticle as control. The CANF-Comb and Comb were radiolabeled with 64Cu in 0.1M pH 5.5 NH4OAc buffer and purified with size exclusion spin columns. PET imaging were performed at 1h, 4h and 24h after injection of 64Cu labeled nanoparticles. The expression of NPR-C receptor was characterized with Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Competitive PET and IHC receptor blocking studies were also performed. Results PET imaging illustrated significantly (p Conclusions The developed 64Cu-CANF-Comb nanoparticle provided sensitive and targeted molecular imaging for NPR-C receptor in vivo and is a candidate probe in for atherosclerosis PET imaging. Research Support This work is supported by the NHLBI Program of Excellence in Nanotechnology (HHSN268201000046C)
Titanium-Doped Molybdenum Disulfide Nanostructures (2001)

Ti-doped MoS2 nanotubes are produced by pyrolyzing a H2S/N2 mixture over an oxidized Ti–Mo alloy powder at elevated temperatures. Partial substitution of Mo by Ti does not significantly alter the 2H–MoS2 lattice.
Modelling of electromechanically actuated active differential wet-clutch dynamics (2011)

The paper presents a lumped-parameter dynamic model of an electromechanically actuated wet clutch found in an active limited slip differential. The bond graph modelling technique is used to describe the multi-physical clutch system including the clutch actuator dynamics, the axial dynamics with the fluid film squeeze effect, the thermal dynamics, and the torque development dynamics with a multi-functional clutch friction coefficient static characteristic. Different variants of the individual subsystem models are considered, ranging from first-principle models to simplified and numerically more efficient models. The proposed models are parameterized and thoroughly validated on the basis of the experimental data collected by using an active differential and clutch test rig. The modelling results are used for the purpose of analysis of the clutch steady state and transient behaviour under various operating modes.
Gradient Free Cooperative Seeking of a Moving Source (2022)

In this paper, we consider the optimisation of a time varying scalar field by a network of agents with no gradient information. We propose a composite control law, blending extremum seeking with formation control in order to converge to the extrema faster by minimising the gradient estimation error. By formalising the relationship between the formation and the gradient estimation error, we provide a novel analysis to prove the convergence of the network to a bounded neighbourhood of the field's time varying extrema. We assume the time-varying field satisfies the Polyak Lojasiewicz inequality and the gradient is Lipschitz continuous at each iteration. Numerical studies and comparisons are provided to support the theoretical results.
Two di-leucine-based motifs account for the different subcellular localizations of the human endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE-1) isoforms (1999)

Endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE-1) is a type II integral membrane protein which plays a key role in the biosynthetic pathway of the vasoconstricting endothelins. Three ECE-1 isoforms, differing by their N-terminal cytoplasmic tails, are generated from a single gene. When expressed in CHO cells, they display comparable enzymatic activity but whereas ECE-1a is strongly expressed at the cell surface, ECE-1b is exclusively intracellular and ECE-1c presents an intermediate distribution. In the present study these different localizations were further described at the ultrastructural level, by electron microscope immunocytochemistry. To characterize the motifs responsible for the intracellular localization of ECE-1b we constructed chimeric proteins and point mutants. Two di-leucine-based motifs, contained in the N-terminal part of ECE-1b, were thus identified. One of these motifs (LV), displayed by both ECE-1b and ECE-1c, accounts for the reduced surface expression of ECE-1c as compared to ECE-1a. Mutation of both motifs (LL and LV) induces a very strong appearance of ECE-1b at the cell surface indicating that their presence in the N-terminal extremity of ECE-1b is critical for its exclusively intracellular localization.
Using k-exclusion to implement resilient, scalable shared objects (extended abstract) (1994)

We present a methodology for the implementation of This wrapper permits only k processes to enter the wait-free implementation, and assigns entering processes unique 1Exceptions include objects, such as snapshot objects, in which operations return state information that is at least O(N) in size. By definition, such objects will not scale well, even at lower levels of resiliency.
Auger Analysis of Presolar Silicates in Acfer 094 & the Discovery of a Presolar CAI (2007)

Mineralogical characterization of presolar sili-cates is an analytical challenge due to their small size (usually <0.5 µm) and surrounding “normal” silicates. However, such in-vestigations are crucial in understanding formation histories of these grains [e.g. 1]. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is typically the method of choice, but preparation of electron trans-parent lamellae from meteoritic grains is a difficult and time con-suming task [e.g. 2]. Auger spectroscopy provides a promising analytical alternative: elemental information of sub-µm sized grains can be obtained with ~10-20 nm resolution without elabo-rate sample preparation [3]. Here we report on Auger spectros-copy results of presolar silicates in Acfer 094.
Nonlinear acoustic phenomena due to bubble drift in a gas–liquid mixture (1989)

Nonlinear acoustic effects associated with collective dynamics of bubbles in a liquid are considered in this article. The mechanism of nonlinearity is caused by the variation of the bubble concentration in space due to bubble drift under the effect of radiation pressure and hydrodynamic (Bjerknes) forces (the latter may result in bubble coalescence). First, the individual behavior of a bubble or a pair of bubbles in an acoustic field is considered. Second, kinetic equations for the bubble distribution function in an acoustic field are derived, and, third, different effects of sound propagation are discussed. They include some steady-state and transient ‘‘envelope waves’’ propagating together with ‘‘concentration waves.’’ A simple model of ‘‘nonlinear transparency’’ in acoustics, which is in qualitative agreement with experimental results, is touched upon. A harmonic wave in a medium with homogeneous bubble distribution is shown to be unstable, and may possibly result in such effects as wave front conjugation, self-focusing of sound, and, probably, the formation of bubble groups.