gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation between compensation temperatures of magnetization and angular momentum in GdFeCo ferrimagnets (2018)

Determining the angular momentum compensation temperature of ferrimagnets is an important step towards ferrimagnetic spintronics, but it is not generally easy to achieve it experimentally. We propose a way to estimate the angular momentum compensation temperature of ferrimagnets without a dynamical characterization technique. We derive a simple equation that relates the magnetization compensation temperature, the Curie temperature, and the angular momentum compensation temperature based on the critical exponent approximation. We show that the derived equation can explain our experimental results and can be used to estimate the angular momentum compensation temperature from the temperature dependence of magnetization.
Hair’s the Question: Herpes and Hair Transplant (2016)

1. Sara Wasserbauer, MD, FISHRS (drwasserbauer{at}californiahairsurgeon.com) 1. Walnut Creek, California, USA You never know when the information you learned on your rotation in infections disease will be useful! Test your knowledge about some common herpetic esoterica—you will thank me the
Electrochemical Oxidation of Catechols in the Presence of Ethyl‐2‐chloroacetoacetate. Synthesis and Mechanistic Study. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dependence of resonant tunneling current on Al mole fractions in AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs-AlxGa1−xAs double barrier structures (1987)

Electron transport in AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs-AlxGa1−xAs double barrier tunneling structures is studied as a function of Al content x in the barrier for the case where the thickness of the barrier is 11 atomic layers and that of the GaAs well layer is 7 nm. It is shown that the density JRT of resonant tunneling current varies systematically from 7.0×102 to 3.5×104 A cm−2 as x is varied from 1.0 to 0.43. These data are found to be quantitatively explained by the theoretical calculation, in which the band discontinuity at Γ valley is taken as the barrier height. This result indicates that the electron tunneling through the double barrier structure is dominated by the barrier height of Γ minimum even when the subsidiary minima have lower energies (0.45≤x≤1.0).
Evaluation of Insecticides for Rice Water Weevil Control in California, 1994 (1995)

Abstract The experiment was conducted at the Rice Experiment Station near Biggs. The design was a randomized complete block with 21 treatments and 4 replications. Each plot was 0.7 m2 and encircled by 36 cm high aluminum sheeting. The plots were fertilized on 20 Apr with urea at 76 kg nitrogen/ha and with 18-46-0 at 20 kg nitrogen/ha. Copper sulfate at 11.2 kg (AI)/ha was applied 12 May. Ordram 10G at 4.5 kg (AI)/ha was applied on 17 May and Londax at 70 gm (AI)/ha was applied on 18 May. Rice ‘M-202’ was pre-soaked for 22 h, drained for 4h, and hand seeded at 400 seeds per plot. The plots were flooded and seeded on 6 May. The plots were thinned to 128 plants per square meter between 16 May and 25 May. The pre-flood insecticide treatments were applied on 6 May. Post-plant insecticide applications went on 23 May (3-leaf rice stage), 30 May (5-leaf) and 7 Jun (7-leaf). A moderately heavy natural rice water weevil (RWW) infestation was supplemented with hand collected adults on 26 May (4 RWW), 6 Jun (2 RWW), 10 Jun (4 RWW), and 17 Jun (5 RWW/plot). Adult RWW feeding activity was estimated with leaf scar counts on 7 and 15 Jun. Larval densities were evaluated by randomly selecting ten soil cores (9.5 cm diam × 10 cm deep), each containing one plant, from each plot. The cores were washed through a 20 mesh screen (0.9 mm openings) to separate and count the larvae and pupae. Larval counting occurred on 5 Jul and was repeated on 17 Jul. Cored plants were measured for height, root length, number of tillers and leaves, and dry weight of roots and leaves. Plots were harvested on 23 Sep.
Measuring the Thermophysical and Structural Properties of Glass-Forming and Quasicrystal-Forming Liquids (2006)

The thermophysical properties of glass-forming and quasicrystal-forming alloys show many interesting features in the undercooled liquid range. Some of the features in the thermophysical property curves are expected to reflect changes in the structure and coordination of the liquid. These measurements require containerless processing such as electrostatic levitation to access the undercooled liquid regime. An overview of the state of the art in measuring the thermophysical properties and structure of undercooled liquid glass-forming and quasicrystal-forming alloys will be presented, along with the status of current measurements.
Initiation of Quasi-Spherical Direct Drive Capsules for Inertial Fusion. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
Proposing a mechanism of action for ataluren (2016)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
An in vitro approach to the evaluation of foot-ankle kinematics: Performance evaluation of a custom-built gait simulator (2013)

Despite their well-known limitations, in vitro experiments have several benefits over in vivo techniques when exploring foot biomechanics under conditions characteristic of gait. In this study, we present a new setup for dynamic in vitro gait simulation that integrates a numerical model for generating the tibial kinematics control input, and we present an innovative methodology to measure full three-dimensional joint kinematics during gait simulations. The gait simulator applies forces to the tendons. Tibial kinematics in the sagittal plane is controlled using a numerical model that takes into account foot morphology. The methodology is validated by comparing joint rotations measured during gait simulation with those measured in vivo. In addition, reliability and accuracy of the control system as well as simulation input and output repeatability are quantified. The results reflect good control performance and repeatability of the control inputs, vertical ground reaction force, center of pressure displacement, and joint rotations and translations. In addition, there is a good correspondence to in vivo kinematics for most patterns of motion at the ankle, subtalar, and Chopart's joints. Therefore, these results show the relevance and validity of including specimen-specific information for defining the control inputs.
Antifluorescein affinity columns. Isolation and immunocompetence of lymphocytes that bind fluoresceinated antigens in vivo or in vitro. (1976)

A new method for the isolation of specific immunocompetent lymphocytes has been described in which lymphocyte populations are exposed to fluoresceinated antigens (FLAGs) in vivo or in vitro, and the FLAG-binding cells retained on antifluorescein affinity columns. Specific cells are then eluted with an unrelated FL-labeled protein and shown to be fully immunocompetent. This methodology has been applied successfully in diverse antigenic systems including polymerized flagellin and TNP-specific B cells and alloantigen-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The method is rapid, inexpensive (requiring only antifluorescein beads), and can be applied to any antigens (or antibodies) in which a fluorescein group can be introduced.
Controlling the Steam Turbogenerator for Watts, VARS, Volts and Frequency (2004)

The following is intended as a brief introduction to the operation of power generation and distribution systems within industrial plants, particularly those with steam turbogenerators. It is especially intended to provide a framework for understanding the principles involved in adjusting turbogenerator excitation so as to regulate bus voltage and/or machine power factor; and to indicate the various constraints on excitation adjustment. From this understanding are defined the principles for using excitation to optimize plant and tie-line power factor in industrial plants. Note that the words "alternator" and "generator" are used synonymously in the following text.
A Natural Language Processing System That Links Medical Terms in Electronic Health Record Notes to Lay Definitions: System Development Using Physician Reviews (2018)

Physician evaluation yielded useful feedback for content validation and refinement of this innovative tool that has the potential to improve patient EHR comprehension and experience using patient portals. Future ongoing work will develop algorithms to handle ambiguous medical terms and test and evaluate NoteAid with patients.
Purinoceptors and their Role in Pathophysiology (2001)

The extracellular nucleotides ATP, ADP, UTP and UDP are important for vascular regulation. They stimulate vasoconstriction, vasodilatation by release of prostaglandins, NO and EDHF, are involved in shear stress, are growth factors for vascular smooth muscle cells, stimulate platelet aggregation, tPA and PAI-1 release. The effects are mediated by P2 receptors with at least 13 subtypes. The physiological effect is dependent on the release of extracellular nucleotides, the degradation by ectonucleotides, the type of P2 receptors expressed on the cells, their desensitization rates and their second messengers. P2 receptors have highly specific organ distribution and they can be rapidly up or down regulated. These mechanisms constitute an “extracellular nucleotide system” which may be of similar importance as the sympathetic and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems in cardiovascular regulation and pathophysiology.
Real-time detection of single quantum dots inside living cells (Invited Paper) (2005)

Quantum dots have opened up a plethora of possibilities in biological detection and imaging. Their small size, stable luminescence and resistance to photobleaching make them ideal for intracellular imaging and detection. It is highly desirable to develop tools that will allow detection and imaging of biological processes without disrupting native cellular processes. A significant barrier to use of quantum dots in living cells is ability to deliver and detect single quantum dots inside living cells. In this article we describe a bacterial toxin dependent method that allows delivery of single quantum dots. We also demonstrate use of a single molecule detection system to detect both single and aggregated quantum dots in living cells in real time. We compare results of quantum dot delivery from receptor mediated endocytosis and HIV-TAT peptide mediated delivery methods with the bacterial toxin Streptolysin O. Our results show that Streptolysin O is able to deliver single quantum dots to living cells. Our results also indicate that the mechanism of cargo delivery by HIV-TAT peptide might be endocytosis dependent. Ongoing work in this direction involves showing that single, functional quantum dot probes can also be delivered using the bacterial toxin.
Rapid induction of genes associated with tissue protection and neural development in contused adult spinal cord after radial glial cell transplantation (2009)

Cell-based therapy has been widely evaluated in spinal cord injury (SCI) animal models and shown to improve functional recovery.However, host response to cell transplants at gene expression level is rarely discussed.We reported previously that acute transplantation of radial glial cells RG3.6 following SCI promoted early locomotion improvement within 1 week post-injury.To identify rapid molecular changes induced by RG3.6 transplantation in the host tissue, distal spinal cord segments were subjected to microarray analysis.Although RG3.6 transplantation, reduced activity of macrophages as early as 1-2 weeks post-injury, the expression levels of inflammatory genes (e.g., IL-6, MIP-2, MCP-1) were not decreased by RG3.6 treatment as compared to medium or other cell controls at 6-12 h post-injury.However, genes associated with tissue protection (Hsp70 and Hsp32) and neural cell development (Foxg1, Top2a, Sox11, Nkx2.2, Vimentin) were found to be significantly up-regulated by RG3.6 transplants.Foxg1 was the most highly induced gene in the RG3.6-treated spinal cords, and its expression by immunocytochemistry was confirmed in the host tissue.Moreover, RG3.6 treatment boosted the number of Nkx2.2 cells in the spinal cord, and these cells frequently co-expressed NG2, which marks progenitor cells.Taken together, these results demonstrate that radial glial transplants induced rapid and specific gene expression in the injured host tissue, and suggest that these early responses are associated with mechanisms of tissue protection and activation of endogenous neural progenitor cells.
Rapid Correction of Hypokalemia: A Note of Caution-Reply (1991)

In Reply— Dr Spital makes a plea for more data demonstrating the serum potassium response during potassium chloride infusions. It is conceivable that transient hyperkalmia could occur at the end of an infusion period and resolve prior to obtaining a postinfusion serum potassium measurement. However, since the chief danger of transient hyperkalemia is ventricular tachyarrhythmia, it is reassuring that there were no instances of such rhythm disturbances occurring during the infusion periods in our study1population. Nevertheless, we agree that it would be enlightening to know the serum potassium response during these infusions, as well as to have a more sensitive indicator of possible electrophysiologic effects short of ventricular tachycardia. To this end, we are currently completing a prospective clinical study investigating the pharmacokinetic effects of potassium infusions identical to those selected in our retrospective study. By performing potassium measurements every few minutes during and after the infusion and
Solvothermal aluminophosphate zeotype synthesis with ionic liquid precursors (2011)

We have carried out a study of aluminophosphate framework synthesis using several amine based ionic liquids and their parent amines as solvent and template. The results suggest that in the presence of fluoride ions from hydrofluoric acid the ionic liquids and their parent amines produce the same frameworks, while in synthesis without fluoride ions the products are not related. The results include the synthesis and crystal structure of a novel extra-large pore material using 1-methylpyrrolidine as solvent and template. The relationship between this and sodalite, which can be synthesised in cobalt aluminophosphate form using an ionic liquid prepared from 1-methylpyrrolidine is described. The crystal structures of two other new layered materials are also presented.
GATA6 regulates differentiation of distal lung epithelium (2002)

GATA6 is a member of the GATA family of zinc-finger transcriptional regulators and is the only known GATA factor expressed in the distal epithelium of the lung during development. To define the role that GATA6 plays during lung epithelial cell development, we expressed a GATA6-Engrailed dominant-negative fusion protein in the distal lung epithelium of transgenic mice. Transgenic embryos lacked detectable alveolar epithelial type 1 cells in the distal airway epithelium. These embryos also exhibited increased Foxp2 gene expression, suggesting a disruption in late alveolar epithelial differentiation. Alveolar epithelial type 2 cells, which are progenitors of alveolar epithelial type 1 cells, were correctly specified as shown by normal thyroid transcription factor 1 and surfactant protein A gene expression. However, attenuated endogenous surfactant protein C expression indicated that alveolar epithelial type 2 cell differentiation was perturbed in transgenic embryos. The number of proximal airway tubules is also reduced in these embryos, suggesting a role for GATA6 in regulating distal-proximal airway development. Finally, a functional role for GATA factor function in alveolar epithelial type 1 cell gene regulation is supported by the ability of GATA6 to trans-activate the mouse aquaporin-5 promoter. Together, these data implicate GATA6 as an important regulator of distal epithelial cell differentiation and proximal airway development in the mouse.
Low-Temperature Preparation of (111)-oriented Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Films Using Lattice-Matched (111)SrRuO3/Pt Bottom Electrode by Metal–Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (2009)

Pb(Zr0.35Ti0.65)O3 (PZT) films 170 nm thick were prepared at 415 °C by pulsed metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The (111)-oriented PZT films with local epitaxial growth were obtained on (111)SrRuO3/(111)Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates and their ferroelectricities were ascertained. Ferroelectricity was improved by postannealing under O2 gas flow up to 550 °C. Larger remanent polarization and better fatigue endurance were obtained using a SrRuO3 top electrode compared to a Pt top electrode for PZT films after annealing at 500 °C.
Benzotriazole-Triggered Three-Component Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Ring-Opening 1,3-Aminofunctionalization of Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes (2023)

The use of benzotriazoles as nucleophilic triggers in the three-component Yb(OTf)<sub>3</sub>-catalyzed ring-opening 1,3-aminofunctionalization of donor-acceptor (D-A) cyclopropanes is presented. Using <i>N</i>-halo succinimide (NXS) as the third component, the reaction afforded the 1,3-aminohalogenation product in up to an 84% yield. Moreover, using alkyl halides or Michael acceptors as the third components, the 3,1-carboaminated products are formed in up to a 96% yield in a one-pot operation. Employing Selectfluor as the electrophile, the reaction furnished the 1,3-aminofluorinated product in a 61% yield.
Abstract 1677: Associations between cigarette smoking with incident colorectal cancer by p53 protein expression in a population-based cohort of older women (2012)

Abstract Background: Cigarette smoking (CS) is an established colorectal cancer (CRC) risk factor. The p53 protein, encoded by the TP53 tumor suppressor gene that is commonly mutated in CRC, is important in cell cycle arrest needed to repair DNA damage or induce apoptosis to prevent tumor propagation. In this prospective cohort study, we examined CS-associated CRC risks by p53 protein expression level in the population-based Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS). Methods: The IWHS recruited 41,836 randomly selected Iowa women, ages 55-69 years, with a valid driver's license at study entry (1986). CS and other exposure variables were assessed at baseline, by self-report. Incident CRC cases were ascertained by annual linkage with the Iowa Cancer Registry. Archived, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens were collected from 732 CRC cases diagnosed through 12/31/2002. CS was categorized by smoking status (never, current, former), average number of cigarettes per day (1-19, 20-39, &amp;gt; 40) and cumulative pack-years (1-19, 20-39, &amp;gt; 40). P53 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. Tumor cores were scored by combining both staining intensity and percent of cells stained to determine negative, low or high p53 protein expression levels. Multivariate Cox regression models were fit to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Of the 732 available CRC cases, 486 (66%) had complete CS and p53 data. Associations between CS and CRC subtypes defined by p53 expression level are shown in the Table. Conclusions: These data demonstrate no clear heterogeneity of CS with CRC subtypes defined by p53 expression levels among older women. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1677. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1677
Formation of microporous polymeric materials by microemulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (1996)

The investigated microemulsion system consisted of methyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and water using sodium dodecyl sulphate as surfactant. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate acting as a cross-linker was also incorporated to enhance the mechanical strengths of the microporous polymeric materials. The polymerization was carried out at room temperature using a reactive redox initiator comprising ammonium persulphate and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylene diamine. The conductivities of the microemulsion samples were monitored during the course of polymerization. The conductivities for a bicontinuous microemulsion before and after polymerization were found to be very similar. In addition, the transformation of microstructures was also examined using a transmission as well as a field emission scanning electron microscope. It is evidenced from the micrographs that microporous polymeric materials prepared from bicontinuous microemulsion polymerization are attributed to numerous coagulations of spherical particles. A possible mechanism for the microstructural transformation is discussed based on the information of conductivity measurements and electron micrographs. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Key tumor suppressor genes inactivated by “greater promoter” methylation and somatic mutations in head and neck cancer (2014)

Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are commonly inactivated by somatic mutation and/or promoter methylation; yet, recent high-throughput genomic studies have not identified key TSGs inactivated by both mechanisms. We pursued an integrated molecular analysis based on methylation binding domain sequencing (MBD-seq), 450K Methylation arrays, whole exome sequencing, and whole genome gene expression arrays in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumors and matched uvulopalatopharyngoplasty tissue samples (UPPPs). We uncovered 186 downregulated genes harboring cancer specific promoter methylation including PAX1 and PAX5 and we identified 10 key tumor suppressor genes (GABRB3, HOXC12, PARP15, SLCO4C1, CDKN2A, PAX1, PIK3AP1, HOXC6, PLCB1, and ZIC4) inactivated by both promoter methylation and/or somatic mutation. Among the novel tumor suppressor genes discovered with dual mechanisms of inactivation, we found a high frequency of genomic and epigenomic alterations in the PAX gene family of transcription factors, which selectively impact canonical NOTCH and TP53 pathways to determine cell fate, cell survival, and genome maintenance. Our results highlight the importance of assessing TSGs at the genomic and epigenomic level to identify key pathways in HNSCC, deregulated by simultaneous promoter methylation and somatic mutations.
Automatic Optimal Command for the Linearization of the CMUT Output (2013)

International audience
Atrophy of the Corpus Callosum Associated With Cognitive Impairment and Widespread Cortical Hypometabolism in Carotid Artery Occlusive Disease (1996)

Callosal atrophy is associated with cognitive impairment and widespread cerebral cortical hypometabolism in carotid artery occlusive disease without cortical infarction. Callosal atrophy might reflect the severity of the disconnection between cortical regions, and this may be an important factor in the development of cognitive impairment with widespread cortical hypometabolism in carotid artery occlusive disease without large cortical lesions.
A practical examination of multimodal feedback and guidance signals for mobile touchscreen keyboards (2010)

Mobile devices with touch capabilities often utilize touchscreen keyboards. However, due to the lack of tactile feedback, users often have to switch their focus of attention between the keyboard area, where they must locate and click the correct keys, and the text area, where they must verify the typed output. This can impair user experience and performance. In this paper, we examine multimodal feedback and guidance signals that keep users' focus of attention in the keyboard area but also provide the kind of information users would normally receive in the text area. We evaluated whether combinations of multimodal signals could improve typing performance in a controlled experiment. One combination reduced keystrokes-per-character by 8% and correction backspaces by 28%.