gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study on mitochondria pathway of apoptosis induced by artesunate and thermotherapy in A549 cell line (2009)

Objective To understand the mechanism of mitochondria pathway of apoptosis induced by artesunate combined thermotherapy in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line.Methods Lung adenocarcinoma A 549 cell line was treated with artesunate(150 μmol/L) and hyperthermia(43 ℃ for 1h) for 24 h.Cell cycle and the apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry assay(FCM).Mitochondria membrane potential was observed with JC-1 apoptosis detection kit by fluorescence microscope.The protein express ions of cytochrome c,Bcl 2 and caspase 3 in A 549 cell line were assessed with western blot and immunocytochemical method.Expression of active caspase 3 was assayed by CaspACETM assay system.Results Compared with the control,the number of cell increased in stage G0/G1 and decreased in stage S and G2/M with statistic difference(P0.01).The apoptosis rate of A549 cell line treated with artesunate,artesunate and thermotherapy increased to 16.77% and 28.90% compared with 2.08% of the control with statistic difference(P0.01).Rates of mitochondria membrane potential decrease were 18.05% and 50.98% in A 549 cell treated with artesunate,and artesunate plus hyperthermia respectively compared to 1.92% in control A549 cell (P0.01).Protein expression of cytochrome c and caspase 3 increased,while expression of Bcl-2 decreased compared to control group (P0.01).Expression of active caspase 3 increased to 0.2641±0.0027 and 0.3613±0.0019 with statistic difference(P0.01).Conclusion Artesunate and thermotherapy has an effect of inducing apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line.The activation of mito chodria pathway may be an important mechanism for cell apoptosis.
Pilot-based secret key agreement for reciprocal correlated MIM&#x00D3;ME block fading channels (2014)

We consider a wireless communication scenario where two agents aim at agreeing on a secret key, while leaving a passive eavesdropper in the darkness. All terminals are equipped with multiple antennas resulting in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) scenario with reciprocal correlated flat Rayleigh fading channels among antenna couples. Correlation properties are known to all agents. In order to limit complexity we focus only on pilot-based secret key agreement (SKA), resulting in a source model with wiretapper, where pilot sequences are known to all agents. The contribution of the paper is twofold: a) we derive closed form expressions of lower and upper bounds of the secret key achievable rates, and b) we address the training sequence optimization taking into account the spatial channel correlation. A reduced dimensionality problem is obtained when spatial correlation follows a Kronecker model and looser bounds are discussed. Numerical results in a cellular scenario, with reference to the cellular 3GPP MIMO channel model, show significant gains by the training sequence optimization.
Primary epithelial cell cultures derived from canine prostate: Isolation, culture, and characterization (1982)

Epithelial-cell-enriched primary cultures were established from canine prostate. Minced tissue was dissociated with 750 units/ml of collagenase in F12K tissue culture medium containing 1% fetal bovine serum. This treatment resulted in the gradual removal of stromal elements from the base of the epithelial cells. After 30 minutes of digestion, aggregates of epithelial cells free of stroma were dislodged from the minced pieces of prostate. These aggregates were washed and plated at high density in F12K plus 10% fetal bovine serum. After 12-16 hours in vitro the unattached cellular aggregates were removed from the culture dishes, washed, and reinoculated into new culture vessels containing fresh medium. After 48 hours in vitro, the aggregates had attached to the culture vessels and spread out to yield discrete patches of epithelial cells. By 120 hours in vitro the patches of cells had grown and coalesced to form a confluent monolayer of epithelial cells. Ultrastructural examination of these cultures indicated that adjacent cells were joined by desmosomes and tight junctions and had tonofilaments and microvilli, giving the cells an epithelial appearance. The cells contained rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory granules similar to those of the epithelial cells in the intact organ. In addition, intracellular "blebs" containing acid phosphatase were observed in the monolayers and were found to increase in size and number with time in vitro. Differentiated function of the cultures was demonstrated by the presence of ornithine decarboxylase and acid phosphatase and the ability of the cultures to metabolize testosterone to primarily 5 alpha-reduced metabolites.
Facial nerve palsy in Lyme disease: evaluation of clinical diagnostic criteria. (1997)

In endemic areas, Lyme disease should be suspected as a cause of acute facial nerve palsy even in the absence of other clinical symptoms. Cerebrospinal fluid serology is helpful in confirming the diagnosis and planning therapy. Central nervous system infection may be common in Lyme disease facial nerve palsy.
High-resolution electron microscopy of detonation nanodiamond (2008)

The structure of individual nanodiamond grains produced by the detonation of carbon-based explosives has been studied with a high-vacuum aberration-corrected electron microscope. Many grains show a well-resolved cubic diamond lattice with negligible contamination, thereby demonstrating that the non-diamond shell, universally observed on nanodiamond particles, could be intrinsic to the preparation process rather than to the nanosized diamond itself. The strength of the adhesion between the nanodiamond grains, and the possibility of their patterning with sub-nanometer precision, are also demonstrated.
Applications of Comminution Techniques for the Surface Modification of Powder Materials. (1993)

This paper reviews a new method for surface modification to cover particle surface with fine particles mechanically in a dry phase by making use of comminution techniques.
Plasma pressure generated auroral current system: A case study (2012)

An anti‐sunward directed azimuthal pressure gradient drives meridional currents perpendicular to the magnetic field in the dusk and dawn closed field line regions. These currents are closed through the auroral ionosphere consisting of a pair of upward and downward sheet field aligned currents cross connected in the ionosphere. Using a conjunction of FAST and Polar the intensity of the up‐down sheet FAC pair was measured in the dusk sector in typical auroral conditions. The T96 field model was used to define the geometry and it predicted that field lines at the satellites were stretched to 15 R E . The steady state pressure gradient current was calculated through a surface in the magnetosphere separating the upward and downward going FAC. With the field stretching predicted by the model a typical quiet time azimuthal pressure gradient of 0.01 nPa/Re generated sufficient current to be the source of the observed auroral current loops.
Récupération d'énergie et contrôle vibratoire par éléments piézoélectriques suivant une approche non linéaire (2005)

This work is focussed on vibration control and energy harvesting using embedded piezoelectric elements. Several nonlinear processing of the piezoelectric voltage are studied and developed. These techniques result in a drastic enhancement of the conversion capabilities of the piezoelectric material.<br />Vibration control techniques are generally described as active or passive. The passive techniques consist in connecting the piezoelectric elements to a passive electrical network. The active techniques require a bulky system built with at least a sensor, a control unit and a feedback actuator. In addition, external power sources and amplifier are needed for the control unit and the actuators. The studied nonlinear techniques, called SSD for “Synchronized Switch Damping” are described as semi-passive, because they don't require any external supply but perform a smart processing of the piezovoltage. These techniques are more effective and adaptable than the passive techniques. Moreover, they are easier to integrate than active techniques and exhibit comparable performances. A new approach to analyze the energy flow in a structure damped with theses nonlinear techniques is given, and several enhancements of these techniques are proposed. A new control law for complex signals and structures is notably described.<br />The SSD techniques have been extented to energy harvesting. The proliferation of transducers and sensors integrated in many systems indeed raises the problem of wires installation for power supplies and data transmission. This explains the growing interest in miniature electrical generators enabling to power, for instance, a wireless transducer and a small infrared or radio data transmitter. For a low consumption system placed on a vibrating structure, the extraction of electrical energy using an embedded piezoelectric device is particularly well adapted to create an autonomous electrical power supply. The energy harvesting techniques derived from the SSD approach lead to outstanding piezoelectric micro-generators, which allow to consider new self-powered devices with higher power supply requirements. It was shown that the extracted power can be multiplied by 10 compared to classical energy harvesting techniques, depending on the electromechanical structure and the mechanical excitation.
Oxygen Potentials and Lattice Parameter of Irradiated BWR Fuek (1991)

The oxygen potentials and lattice parameter of oxide fuels (UO2 and UO2-2 w/0Gd2O3) irradiated in commercial BWRs have been measured by using a solid electrolyte galvanic cell technique and X-ray diffractometry. The fuel burn-up was 13–30 GWd/t for the former measurements and 6–35 GWd/t for the latter. The oxygen potentials at 750°C for irradiated UO2 ranged from −420 kJ/mol at the fuel rim to −480 kJ/mol at the fuel center. The corresponding values for irradiated U02-2 w/0Gd2O3 ranged from −460 to −540 kJ/mol. The lattice parameter near the fuel rim in the irradiated UO2 increased with burn-up, and was distinctly larger than that at the fuel center. This lattice dilatation was mainly due to the accumulation of radiation defects, not to a decrease in O/M ratio, and was almost recovered after the annealing at 1,600°C for 5 h.
The Arabidopsis sickle Mutant Exhibits Altered Circadian Clock Responses to Cool Temperatures and Temperature-Dependent Alternative Splicing (2016)

The circadian clock allows plants to anticipate and respond to daily changes in ambient temperature. Mechanisms establishing the timing of circadian rhythms in Arabidopsis thaliana through temperature entrainment remain unclear. Also incompletely understood is the temperature compensation mechanism that maintains consistent period length within a range of ambient temperatures. A genetic screen for Arabidopsis mutants affecting temperature regulation of the PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR7 promoter yielded a novel allele of the SICKLE (SIC) gene. This mutant, sic-3, and the existing sic-1 mutant both exhibit low-amplitude or arrhythmic expression of core circadian clock genes under cool ambient temperature cycles, but not under light-dark entrainment. sic mutants also lengthen free running period in a manner consistent with impaired temperature compensation. sic mutant alleles accumulate LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) and CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1) splice variants, among other alternatively spliced transcripts, which is exacerbated by cool temperatures. The cca1-1 lhy-20 double mutant is epistatic to sic-3, indicating the LHY and CCA1 splice variants are needed for sic-3 circadian clock phenotypes. It is not expected that SIC is directly involved in the circadian clock mechanism; instead, SIC likely contributes to pre-mRNA metabolism, and the splice variants that accumulate in sic mutants likely affect the circadian clock response to cool ambient temperature.
Phase-change chalcogenide glass metamaterial (2009)

Combining metamaterials with functional media brings a new dimension to their performance. Here we demonstrate substantial resonance frequency tuning in a photonic metamaterial hybridized with an electrically/optically switchable chalcogenide glass. The transition between amorphous and crystalline forms brings about a 10% shift in the near-infrared resonance wavelength of an asymmetric split-ring array, providing transmission modulation functionality with a contrast ratio of 4:1 in a device of sub-wavelength thickness.
Phylogenetic and functional substrate specificity for endolithic microbial communities in hyper-arid environments (2015)

Under extreme water deficit, endolithic (inside rock) microbial ecosystems are considered environmental refuges for life in cold and hot deserts, yet their diversity and functional adaptations remain vastly unexplored. The metagenomic analyses of the communities from two rock substrates, calcite and ignimbrite, revealed that they were dominated by Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi. The relative distribution of major phyla was significantly different between the two substrates and biodiversity estimates, from 16S rRNA gene sequences and from the metagenome data, all pointed to a higher taxonomic diversity in the calcite community. While both endolithic communities showed adaptations to extreme aridity and to the rock habitat, their functional capabilities revealed significant differences. ABC transporters and pathways for osmoregulation were more diverse in the calcite chasmoendolithic community. In contrast, the ignimbrite cryptoendolithic community was enriched in pathways for secondary metabolites, such as non-ribosomal peptides (NRPS) and polyketides (PKS). Assemblies of the metagenome data produced population genomes for the major phyla found in both communities and revealed a greater diversity of Cyanobacteria population genomes for the calcite substrate. Draft genomes of the dominant Cyanobacteria in each community were constructed with more than 93% estimated completeness. The two annotated proteomes shared 64% amino acid identity and a significantly higher number of genes involved in iron update, and NRPS gene clusters, were found in the draft genomes from the ignimbrite. Both the community-wide and genome-specific differences may be related to higher water availability and the colonization of large fissures and cracks in the calcite in contrast to a harsh competition for colonization space and nutrient resources in the narrow pores of the ignimbrite. Together, these results indicated that the habitable architecture of both lithic substrates- chasmoendolithic versus cryptoendolithic - might be an essential element in determining the colonization and the diversity of the microbial communities in endolithic substrates at the dry limit for life.
Assessing How Correlated Molecular Orbital Calculations Can Perform versus Kohn–Sham DFT: Barrier Heights/Isomerizations (2017)

To assess the title issue, 38 hydrogen transfer barrier heights and 38 non-hydrogen transfer barrier heights/isomerizations extracted from extensive databases have been considered, in addition to 4 2 p-isomerization reactions and 6 others for large organic molecules. All Kohn-Sham DFT calculations have employed the popular M06-2X functional, whereas the correlated molecular orbital (MO)-based ones are from single-reference MP2 and CCSD(T) methods. They have all utilized the same basis sets, with raw MO energies subsequently extrapolated to the complete basis set limit without additional cost. MP2 calculations are found to be as cost-effective as DFT ones and often slightly more, while showing a satisfactory accuracy when compared with the reference data. Although the focus is on barrier heights, the results may bear broader implications, in that one may see successes and difficulties of DFT when compared with traditional MO theories for the same data.
Immune Adjuvant Targeting Micelles Allow Efficient Dendritic Cell Migration to Lymph Nodes for Enhanced Cellular Immunity (2018)

Cellular immunity is essential for the effectiveness of vaccines against cancer. After capture of vaccines, dendritic cells (DCs) have to migrate to lymph nodes via chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7). Subsequently, DCs present cytosolic antigens via major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) molecules to induce cellular immunity. However, various vaccines fail to induce potent cellular immunity due to insufficient MHC I-restricted antigen presentation and limitations of immune adjuvants. Hence, we constructed novel immune adjuvant targeting micelles (M-COSA) to targeted codeliver antigen ovalbumin (OVA) and plasmid DNA encoding CCR7 (CCR7 pDNA) to the cytosol of DCs, thus promoting DC migration to lymph nodes to boost MHC I-restricted antigen presentation. M-COSA exhibited adjuvant activity and demonstrated more efficient DC cellular uptake compared with COSA. M-COSA/OVA/pDNA increased costimulatory molecule expression and cytokine secretion, resulting in DC activation and maturation. Moreover, antigens and pDNA, which were encapsulated in micelles, escaped from the endosome into the cytoplasm to achieve MHC I-restricted antigen presentation and increase CCR7 expression. The number of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, which was positively correlated with tumor rejection, was notably increased and tumor growth was dramatically suppressed after vaccination with M-COSA/OVA/pDNA. In summary, M-COSA/OVA/pDNA micelles, which allow DC targeting and efficient DC migration to lymph nodes to enhance cellular immunity, exhibit effective tumor inhibition and lay the foundation for novel vaccine design.
Full-length human GLP-1 receptor structure without orthosteric ligands (2020)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a class B G protein-coupled receptor that plays an important role in glucose homeostasis and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Structures of full-length class B receptors were determined in complex with their orthosteric agonist peptides, however, little is known about their extracellular domain (ECD) conformations in the absence of orthosteric ligands, which has limited our understanding of their activation mechanism. Here, we report the 3.2 Å resolution, peptide-free crystal structure of the full-length human GLP-1R in an inactive state, which reveals a unique closed conformation of the ECD. Disulfide cross-linking validates the physiological relevance of the closed conformation, while electron microscopy (EM) and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations suggest a large degree of conformational dynamics of ECD that is necessary for binding GLP-1. Our inactive structure represents a snapshot of the peptide-free GLP-1R and provides insights into the activation pathway of this receptor family.
Evaluation of a cyclophilin inhibitor in hepatitis C virus–infected chimeric mice in vivo† (2007)

We demonstrated that DEBIO-025 was better tolerated than CsA, and that its anti-HCV effect appeared to be synergistic in combination with Peg-IFN in vivo.
The significance of interactions of humic substances and organisms in the environment (1992)

The diverse roles of humic substances in biological processes, and differences in the status of our understanding of these processes, is illustrated by examining two interactions. A significant body of literature elucidating the significance of natural organic matter (NOM) on the bioaccumulation of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOC) by aquatic organisms is consistent with a general conclusion that HOC associated with NOM is not available for uptake by fish or aquatic invertebrates. In contrast to this relatively well-understood process, very little is known about the role of NOM in the ecology and nutrient dynamics of microbial communities in very deep subsurface environments.
Stochastic dynamics of the generation expansion in renewable power systems: the Paraguayan case (2022)

This article presents a model that reproduces the long-term dynamics of the Paraguayan generation system, seeking to obtain a capacity expansion schedule under uncertainty. A centralized power dispatch model calculates the capacity addition rate of four technologies in two stages. First, the model dispatches existing technologies and quantifies the unsupplied demand. The dispatch model then assesses candidate technologies to cover the demand mismatch based on their available firm capacity. For each technology, the model calculates the total cost of covering the deficit and computes an optimal investment rate by applying an economic merit order. By considering Paraguay's Gross Domestic Product, and therefore electricity demand, as uncertain variables, this analysis offers empirical probability distribution functions (PDF) for firm capacity reserve margins and average system costs. By doing so, this model constitutes a tool to assess the uncertain long-term dynamics of generation systems from both a macroeconomic and a power system reliability point of view, according to the integration of firm capacity.
Wide field fluorescence epi-microscopy behind a scattering medium enabled by speckle correlations (2018)

Fluorescence microscopy is widely used in biological imaging, however scattering from tissues strongly limits its applicability to a shallow depth. In this work we adapt a methodology inspired from stellar speckle interferometry, and exploit the optical memory effect to enable fluorescence microscopy through a turbid layer. We demonstrate efficient reconstruction of micrometer-size fluorescent objects behind a scattering medium in epi-microscopy, and study the specificities of this imaging modality (magnification, field of view, resolution) as compared to traditional microscopy. Using a modified phase retrieval algorithm to reconstruct fluorescent objects from speckle images, we demonstrate robust reconstructions even in relatively low signal to noise conditions. This modality is particularly appropriate for imaging in biological media, which are known to exhibit relatively large optical memory ranges compatible with tens of micrometers size field of views, and large spectral bandwidths compatible with emission fluorescence spectra of tens of nanometers widths.
Laparoscopic Appendectomy for Acute Appendicitis: Indications and Current Use (1991)

Laparoscopic evaluation was performed in 43 consecutive patients with right lower abdominal pain and preoperative diagnosis of possible appendicitis. Patients with generalized peritonitis and evidence of perforation of the appendix were not considered for laparoscopy. Visualization was sufficient for making a diagnosis in 97.7% of the cases. In 95%, laparoscopic findings were compatible with the pathology report. Thirty-five patients underwent successful laparoscopic appendectomy with neither intraoperative nor postoperative complications. No further surgery was required; slightly elevated temperatures in 6 patients responded to treatment with antibiotics, and there were no wound infections. Laparoscopic appendectomy is minimally invasive and results in less postoperative pain and morbidity and fewer adhesions and other long-term sequelae than conventional laparotomy. It is associated with superior cosmetic results, a shorter hospital stay, and faster return to normal activities. This experience suggests that if there is no evidence that the appendix is perforated or that generalized peritonitis exists and if qualified physicians and adequate facilities are available, patients presenting with right lower quadrant abdominal pain and possible appendicitis are best evaluated and treated with laparoscopic technique.
Optimization of the production process for the anticancer lead compound illudin M: improving titers in shake-flasks (2022)

After strict standardization of seed-preparation and cultivation parameters, a combination of experimental design, empirical trials and additional supply of limiting biosynthetic precursors, led to a highly reproducible process in shake flasks with high titers of illudin M. These findings are the base for further work towards a scalable biotechnological process for a stable illudin M supply.