gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dietary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress from a Human and Plant Perspective: A Review (2010)

Plants have evolved antioxidant molecules to help them withstand environmental stresses. Humans may also benefit from these defense molecules through their consumption in fruits and vegetables. Dietary antioxidants are indeed believed to play a very important role in the human body defense system, protecting, as in plants, against oxidative damage induced by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of aging and many degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. In this review, we compare the systems involved in ROS production and scavenging in humans and in plants. We focus mainly on the description of the best-known dietary antioxidants: ascorbate (vitamin C), tocopherols (vitamin E), carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. Their redox properties, metabolism and functions are discussed from both a human and a plant perspective. Keywords: Antioxidant, oxidative stress, vitamin C, vitamin E, phenolic compound, carotenoids
Peripheral B-Cell Phenotype and BAFF Levels are Associated With HLA Immunization in Patients Awaiting Kidney Transplantation (2013)

Increased proportions of activated naive B cells are linked with pretransplant HLA immunization and the development of posttransplant donor-specific antibodies.
A simian-adenovirus-vectored rabies vaccine suitable for thermostabilisation and clinical development for low-cost single-dose pre-exposure prophylaxis (2018)

ChAdOx2 RabG may prove to be a useful tool to reduce the human rabies death toll. We have secured funding for Good Manufacturing Practice- compliant bio-manufacture and Phase I clinical trial of this candidate.
Effectiveness of Maleic Anhydride Grafted EPDM Rubber (EPDM-g-MAH) as Compatibilizer in NR/Organoclay Nanocomposites Prepared by Melt Compounding (2011)

The effectiveness of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM-g-MAH) as an interfacial compatibilizer in enhancing the extent of interaction between natural rubber (NR) matrix and organoclay (OC) nanolayers, and also the eventually developed microstructure during a melt mixing process, has been evaluated as an alternative material to be used in place of commonly used epoxidized NR with 50 mol % epoxidation (ENR50). The latter usually weakens the processability of the final compound. The curing behavior, rheological, and dynamic mechanical properties of the prepared nanocomposites have been evaluated. Microstructural characterizations revealed better interfacial compatibilization by EPDM-g-MAH than ENR50, which is attributed to the lower polarity of the EPDM-g-MAH and hence more affinity for the NR matrix to be diffused onto the galleries of OC. This was confirmed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination and higher elasticity exhibited by the unvulcanized NR/OC/EPDM-g-MAH nanocomposites in melt rheological measurements. Also, lower damping behavior was observed for the vulcanized NR/OC/EPDM-g-MAH samples. These imply intensified polymer–filler interfacial interaction and hence restricted viscous motions by the NR segments. Vulcanized NR/OC nanocomposites compatibilized with EPDM-g-MAH showed greater enhancements in tensile properties than the sample compatibilized with ENR50.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild Conversion of Alkenyl Boronic Acids to Alkenyl Halides with Halosuccinimides. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Enhanced Surface Cooling as an Alternative for Thermal Discharges (2009)

Excess heat is an unavoidable by-product of electricity generation from fossil and nuclear fuels. In most cases, excess heat is transferred to a cooling water stream and discharged to a local receiving water body, or processed through on-site cooling towers. In many cases existing discharges are potentially responsible for significant ecological impacts, and regulatory authorities are mandating the construction of cooling towers, often at significant expense. Most existing cooling water discharges are designed to reduce excess temperatures through rapid dilution. Enhanced surface cooling is an alternative approach which involves the development of a thin surface plume, while limiting mixing of the discharge with ambient waters. This process encourages rapid transfer of heat to the atmosphere while limiting impacts to sensitive benthic environments and most of the volume of the receiving water body. This discharge approach may be particularly effective for receiving water bodies which have limited natural flushing, such as enclosed bays, estuaries, reservoirs and some river environments. A preliminary case study of a thermal discharge into Mt. Hope Bay (Massachusetts/Rhode Island) is discussed.
Pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and central venous pressure fail to predict ventricular filling volume, cardiac performance, or the response to volume infusion in normal subjects (2004)

Normal healthy volunteers demonstrate a lack of correlation between initial central venous pressure/pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and both end-diastolic ventricular volume indexes and stroke volume index. Similar results are found with respect to changes in these variables following volume infusion. In contrast, initial end-diastolic ventricular volume indexes and changes in end-diastolic ventricular volume indexes in response to saline loading correlate strongly with initial and postsaline loading changes in cardiac performance as measured by stroke volume index. These data suggest that the lack of correlation of these variables in specific patient groups described in other studies represents a more universal phenomenon that includes normal subjects. Neither central venous pressure nor pulmonary artery occlusion pressure appears to be a useful predictor of ventricular preload with respect to optimizing cardiac performance.
Actin-binding domains mediate the distinct distribution of two Dictyostelium Talins through different affinities to specific subsets of actin filaments during directed cell migration (2019)

Although the distinct distribution of certain molecules along the anterior or posterior edge is essential for directed cell migration, the mechanisms to maintain asymmetric protein localization have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we studied a mechanism for the distinct localizations of two Dictyostelium talin homologues, talin A and talin B, both of which play important roles in cell migration and adhesion. Using GFP fusion, we found that talin B, as well as its C-terminal actin-binding region, which consists of an I/LWEQ domain and a villin headpiece domain, was restricted to the leading edge of migrating cells. This is in sharp contrast to talin A and its C-terminal actin-binding domain, which co-localized with myosin II along the cell posterior cortex, as reported previously. Intriguingly, even in myosin II-null cells, talin A and its actin-binding domain displayed a specific distribution, co-localizing with stretched actin filaments. In contrast, talin B was excluded from regions rich in stretched actin filaments, although a certain amount of its actin-binding region alone was present in those areas. When cells were sucked by a micro-pipette, talin B was not detected in the retracting aspirated lobe where acto-myosin, talin A, and the actin-binding regions of talin A and talin B accumulated. Based on these results, we suggest that talin A predominantly interacts with actin filaments stretched by myosin II through its C-terminal actin-binding region, while the actin-binding region of talin B does not make such distinctions. Furthermore, talin B appears to have an additional, unidentified mechanism that excludes it from the region rich in stretched actin filaments. We propose that these actin-binding properties play important roles in the anterior and posterior enrichment of talin B and talin A, respectively, during directed cell migration.
Exchangeable Chaperone Modules Contribute to Specification of Type I and Type II Hsp40 Cellular Function (2003)

Hsp40 family members regulate Hsp70s ability to bind nonnative polypeptides and thereby play an essential role in cell physiology. Type I and type II Hsp40s, such as yeast Ydj1 and Sis1, form chaperone pairs with cytosolic Hsp70 Ssa1 that fold proteins with different efficiencies and carry out specific cellular functions. The mechanism by which Ydj1 and Sis1 specify Hsp70 functions is not clear. Ydj1 and Sis1 share a high degree of sequence identity in their amino and carboxyl terminal ends, but each contains a structurally unique and centrally located protein module that is implicated in chaperone function. To test whether the chaperone modules of Ydj1 and Sis1 function in the specification of Hsp70 action, we constructed a set of chimeric Hsp40s in which the chaperone domains of Ydj1 and Sis1 were swapped to form YSY and SYS. Purified SYS and YSY exhibited protein-folding activity and substrate specificity that mimicked that of Ydj1 and Sis1, respectively. In in vivo studies, YSY exhibited a gain of function and, unlike Ydj1, could complement the lethal phenotype of sis1 Delta and facilitate maintenance of the prion [RNQ+]. Ydj1 and Sis1 contain exchangeable chaperone modules that assist in specification of Hsp70 function.
Tests on a flat arch concrete block retaining wall (2020)

Retaining walls are used in many situations, but most are not usually constructed of masonry. In this study, the potential for concrete blockwork to be used as a low-rise retaining wall was investigated. The wall is a shallow arch in plan view, held between two rigid supports for the abutments. The concept is that the blockwork wall will resist the lateral pressure of the earth through arch action, avoiding “snap-through” of the wall. The response of the wall was measured as the wall was backfilled with soil and the soil compacted. One half of the wall was fully grouted, while the other half was left hollow to compare the behaviour of the grouted and un-grouted masonry. The effects of backfilling are reported via strain and displacement profiles in the wall. The maximum deflection was recorded at the top edge of the wall and the maximum stresses did not exceed the capacity of masonry.
I/O Pin Solder Point Inspection System (2005)

We have developed an automated inspection system that features perpendicular and variable- intensity lighting for image contrast enhancement and improved sensing accuracy, a high- resolution camera with reflection-adaptive binarization for improved image processing, and an adaptive inspection algorithm that modifies its defect definition criteria according to target position quickly, accurately, and reliably inspects highly dense arrays of perpendicular I/O pins soldered onto a ceramic printed wiring board (PWB). The system's Mega-Scope, a high- resolution, eight-bit gray-scale CCD camera, images a 2048 X 2048-pixel area with a 10 micrometers resolution in 4 seconds, taking 60 I/O pin images at a time. The total time to inspect the position and solder fillet condition of more than eight thousand I/O pins is just 30 minutes.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
SDL Design Patterns and Components - Watchdog and Heartbeat (2004)

We present a methodology to augment system safety step-by-step and illustrate the approach by the definition of reusable solutions for the detection of fail-silent nodes – a watchdog and a heartbeat. These solutions can be added to real-time system designs, to protect against certain types of system failures. We use SDL as a system design language for the development of distributed systems, including real-time systems.
Chromatin Function Modifying Elements in an Industrial Antibody Production Platform - Comparison of UCOE, MAR, STAR and cHS4 Elements (2015)

The isolation of stably transfected cell lines suitable for the manufacture of biotherapeutic protein products can be an arduous process relying on the identification of a high expressing clone; this frequently involves transgene amplification and maintenance of the clones' expression over at least 60 generations. Maintenance of expression, or cell line stability, is highly dependent upon the nature of the genomic environment at the site of transgene integration, where epigenetic mechanisms lead to variable expression and silencing in the vast majority of cases. We have assessed four chromatin function modifying elements (A2UCOE, MAR X_S29, STAR40 and cHS4) for their ability to negate chromatin insertion site position effects and their ability to express and maintain monoclonal antibody expression. Each element was analysed by insertion into different positions within a vector, either flanking or between heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) antibody expression cassettes. Our results clearly show that the A2UCOE is the most beneficial element in this system, with stable cell pools and clones increasing antibody yields 6.5-fold and 6.75-fold respectively. Stability analysis demonstrated that the reduction in antibody expression, seen with cells transfected with the control vector over 120 generations, was mitigated in the clones containing A2UCOE-augmented transgenes. Analysis also showed that the A2UCOE reduced the amount of transgene promoter DNA methylation, which contributed to the maintenance of starting levels of expression.
Development of the Laycock–Gott occupancy model (1997)

The authors examine mathematical modelling of occupancy for the entire high-frequency (HF) spectrum. The theory of modelling the experimental occupancy data is presented, and an example of the modelling procedures is given.
Table S7 from MicroRNA Array Analysis Finds Elevated Serum miR-1290 Accurately Distinguishes Patients with Low-Stage Pancreatic Cancer from Healthy and Disease Controls (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S7 - XLSX file 13K, Supplemental Table S7. Univariate and multivariate analysis of serum miR-1290 and miR-486-3p and clinicopathologic factors associated with survival in pancreatic cancer&lt;/p&gt;
Remote-Sensing Image Usability Assessment Based on ResNet by Combining Edge and Texture Maps (2019)

Authentic remote-sensing images suffer non-uniform complex distortions during acquisition, transmission, and storage. Clouds, light, and exposure also affect local quality. This paper constructs a usability-based subjective remote-sensing image dataset and gives a definition of usability for images with non-uniform distortion, where the image usability is determined by the weighted quality of image's blocks. It is difficult to extract the handcraft features from remote-sensing images with complex mixture distortion. Recently, convolutional neural network (CNN) has been introduced into blind quality assessment for images with uniform distortion, which includes feature learning and regression in one processing. In this paper, we first describe and systematically analyze the usability of remote-sensing images in detail. Then, we propose a remote-sensing image usability assessment (RSIUA) method based on a residual network by combining edge and texture maps. The score of remote-sensing image usability was obtained with the weighted averaging of the quality scores of all image blocks, and the weight of each image block was determined by its quality score. We compared the proposed method with three traditional image quality assessment methods, one CNN-based method for images with simulated distortion, and one scale-invariant feature transform-based RSIUA method. The linear correlation coefficient, Spearman's rank ordered correlation coefficient, and root-mean-squared error of experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms all five competitors. The experiments also reveal that the edge and texture maps can improve the performance.
Ultrathin Epitaxial Graphite:  2D Electron Gas Properties and a Route toward Graphene-based Nanoelectronics (2004)

We have produced ultrathin epitaxial graphite films which show remarkable 2D electron gas (2DEG) behavior. The films, composed of typically three graphene sheets, were grown by thermal decomposition on the (0001) surface of 6H−SiC, and characterized by surface science techniques. The low-temperature conductance spans a range of localization regimes according to the structural state (square resistance 1.5 kΩ to 225 kΩ at 4 K, with positive magnetoconductance). Low-resistance samples show characteristics of weak localization in two dimensions, from which we estimate elastic and inelastic mean free paths. At low field, the Hall resistance is linear up to 4.5 T, which is well-explained by n-type carriers of density 1012 cm-2 per graphene sheet. The most highly ordered sample exhibits Shubnikov−de Haas oscillations that correspond to nonlinearities observed in the Hall resistance, indicating a potential new quantum Hall system. We show that the high-mobility films can be patterned via conventional lithographic techniques, and we demonstrate modulation of the film conductance using a top-gate electrode. These key elements suggest electronic device applications based on nanopatterned epitaxial graphene (NPEG), with the potential for large-scale integration.
Current status and future development of antitubercular chemotherapy (2002)

Tuberculosis (TB), which kills more people than any other infectious disease, was declared a global emergency by the World Health Organization in 1993. The emergence of new Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that are resistant to some or all current antitubercular drugs seriously hampers the control of the disease. Up to 50 million people may be infected with drug-resistant TB, with resistance being caused by inconsistent or partial treatment when patients do not comply with long-term chemotherapy. Resistance is often a corollary to HIV infection. Besides being more fatal, drug-resistant TB is more difficult and more expensive to treat. In addition to this human cost, TB also represents a significant economic burden for developing countries. Therefore, new approaches to the treatment of TB are needed. During the last few years, important efforts have been made in order to elucidate the molecular mechanism of action of antitubercular drugs and understand the genetic basis of acquired drug resistance in M. tuberculosis. The identification of novel targets requires the characterisation of biochemical pathways specific to mycobacteria. Many unique metabolic processes occur during the biosynthesis of cell wall components, including arabinogalactan and mycolic acids. In this review, the mode of action of first- and second-line agents, as well as the potentiality of some promising drugs that are still at an early stage of development will be described. Finally, some of the attractive targets offered by the mycobacterial cell wall for the rational design of new antitubercular drugs for a future and more effective control of the disease will be examined.
LEAN METHODOLOGY AND ITS DERIVATES USAGE FOR PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN MODERN INDUSTRY (2017)

With lean methodology usage being the only way to stay competitive on nowadays market, it is important to implement it and spread it through the organization. In this paper, purpose of lean is explained, the most important definition and tools are given and differences between problem solving approaches are explained. It can be concluded that problem solving approaches are in first look different, having also different number of steps, but they are adapted to the company in which they are used and that they depend on the size, complexity and expected closing time of project.
Multi Topology Encoding within TRILL data frames (2012)

Two alternative methods of encoding Multi Topology Identifier within
the TRILL data frames are presented. Methods proposed herein do not
require overloading TRILL RBridge nickname to encode Multi Topology
Identifier.
The characterization of Y2O2S:Sm powder as a thermographic phosphor for high temperature applications (2000)

Thermographic phosphors may be used to measure surface temperatures in hostile and high temperature environments and have applications in gas turbine combustors and high temperature regions of the turbine. Most phosphors are excited by UV light and exhibit a temperature sensitive exponential decay in emission once excitation has ceased. This can be characterized using a photomultiplier enabling temperatures to be measured at discrete points on the surface. However, one phosphor, YAG:Dy, is known to exhibit temperature sensitivity in the relative intensity of specific lines in its emission spectrum. Emission intensity can be recorded as an image using a CCD camera and hence this type of response can lead to the measurement of surface temperature distributions. In the paper the energy level characteristics of Dy leading to the intensity ratio response are discussed. Another lanthanide, Sm, is shown to exhibit similar characteristics and has been experimentally investigated using Y2O2S:Sm powder. Y2O2:Sm has been shown to exhibit intensity ratio sensitivity over a temperature range from room temperature to 1100 K and to be suitable for temperature measurement by this means with an uncertainty of approximately ±1%. It has also been shown to exhibit lifetime decay sensitivity over the temperature range from 900 to 1425 K and to be suitable for temperature measurement by this means with an uncertainty of approximately ±1%. In both cases the upper temperature limit is a function of the instrumentation used and the dynamic response may extend further. Decay time constants for Y2O2S:Sm are very short (3 µs at 1400 K), compared to those for YAG:Dy, making it suitable for use on moving surfaces by either response mode. This material, or other Sm doped phosphors, may therefore be useful for surface temperature measurement on rotating turbine blades.
Panel 2: Connected electrified vehicles and cybersecurity (2015)

Summary form only given, as follows. The complete presentation was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings. The development and deployment of a fully connected transportation system that makes the most of multi-modal, transformational applications requires a robust, underlying technological platform. The platform is a combination of well-defined technologies, interfaces, and processes that, combined, ensure safe, stable, interoperable, reliable system operations that minimize risk and maximize opportunities. The primary application area of connected vehicles is the vehicle safety. These applications are designed to increase situational awareness and reduce or eliminate crashes through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) data transmission that supports: driver advisories, driver warnings, and vehicle and/or infrastructure controls. These technologies may potentially address a great majority of crash scenarios with unimpaired drivers, preventing tens of thousands of automobile crashes every year. Since V2V and V2I communications and a significant data processing are involved, the connected vehicles concept also requires resiliency and immunity for cyber security issues. This panel session will discuss technology, applications, dedicated short range communications (DSRC) technology and capabilities, policy and institutional issues, and international research on the subject matter.