gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metastasis esplénica metacrónica después de cirugía curativa de carcinoma de esófago (2014)

espanolIntroduccion.- Las metastasis esplenicas son poco frecuentes; aparecen en el curso de un cancer diseminado o como lesion solitaria, esta ultima muy rara. Objetivo.- Presentar un caso de metastasis esplenica detectada despues de cirugia curativa de un carcinoma de esofago. Caso clinico.- Varon de 67 anos, diagnosticado de cancer de esofago. Las exploraciones revelaron una neoplasia del tercio inferior del esofago, diagnosticada por biopsia de adenocarcinoma de esofago. Se practico esofaguectomia y gastroplastia tubular. El paciente estuvo asintomatico, con endoscopia y TAC normales. Dos anos y siete meses despues de la esofaguectomia, la TAC mostro una lesion esplenica que el estudio histopatologico del bazo extirpado diagnostico metastasis de adenocarcinoma de esofago. El paciente recibio quimioterapia sistemica, falleciendo 2,5 anos despues de la esplenectomia por obstruccion intestinal secundaria a carcinomatosis peritoneal, y 5,4 anos despues de la cirugia curativa del cancer de esofago. Conclusion.- En pacientes con metastasis esplenicas tardias debe indicarse la esplenectomia, especialmente en los que la afectacion esplenica esta limitada a una sola lesion y en aquellos que esta aparece anos despues de la cirugia curativa del tumor primario. EnglishBackgraund and objective.- Splenic metastases are uncommon: occur in a context of multivisceral disseminated cancer or a solitary lesion, all these are very rare. We report a case of late splenic metastasis after curative resection for esophageal carcinoma. Clinical report.- A 67-years old man was referred to us diagnosed of the esophageal cancer. Investigations revealed a neoplastic lesion involving the distal esophagus and biopsy revealed it to be a adenocarcinoma of esophagus. A esophagectomy and gastric tube recostruction with a done and histopathology confirmed it to be a adenocarcinoma of esophagus. The patient was asymptomatic on follo-up with normal endoscopic biopsy and TC; 2,5 after the esophagectomy the scan showed a lesion of the spleen that splenectomy confirmed it to be a metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma. The patient succumbed 2,5 years after splenectomy to a intestinal obstruction due peritoneal carcinomatosis and 5,4 years after curative resection for esophageal carcinoma. Conclusion.- In the patients with late splenic metastasis, the splenectomy can be performed with accepatble morbidity, particularly when lesion onset occurs years after potentially curative surgical resection of the primary tumor
Studies on furan derivatives. XII. Nucleophilic substitution of methyl 5‐nitro‐2‐furancarboxylate. Preparation of methyl 5‐phenoxy‐2‐furancarboxylates (1981)

Abstract Twenty one methyl 5‐phenoxy‐2‐furancarboxylates prepared from the reaction of methyl 5‐nitro‐2‐furan‐carboxylate with phenoxides via displacement of the nitro group. In the reaction of potassium 2‐nitrophen‐oxide with methyl 5‐nitro‐2‐furancarboxylate at 110°‐120°, 2,2′‐dinitrodiphenyl ether was obtained as a main product.
Surface Passivation by Al2O3anda-SiNx: H Films Deposited on Wet-Chemically Conditioned Si Surfaces (2012)

The surface passivation of p-and n-type silicon by different chemically grown SiO 2 films (prepared by HNO 3 , H 2 SO 4 /H 2 O 2 and HCl/H 2 O 2 treatments) was investigated after PECVD of a-SiN x :H and ALD of Al 2 O 3 capping films. The wet chemically grown SiO 2 films were compared to thermally grown SiO 2 and the surface passivation was benchmarked against single-layer a-SiN x :H and Al 2 O 3 films deposited on HF-last Si surfaces. Directly after PECVD and ALD the surface passivation was found to be similar for all chemically grown SiO 2 stacks and higher than for the single-layer films. After annealing at 400 C the level of surface passivation improved but remained similar for the chemically grown SiO 2 stacks. Corona charging experiments on the annealed chemically grown SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 stacks revealed that the fixed charge density, i.e. the field-effect passivation, was lower compared to single-layer Al 2 O 3 films whereas the chemical passivation was found to be higher. The surface passivation was also investigated as a function of the annealing time. Chemically grown SiO 2 stacks achieved the maximum level of surface passivation after annealing for half a minute which is different from the stacks with a-SiN x :H and Al 2 O 3 films deposited on thermally grown SiO 2 or HF-last Si surfaces which required considerably longer annealing times.
Parental Self-Efficacy as a Predictor of Children’s Nutrition and the Potential Mediator Effect between the Health Promotion Program “Join the Healthy Boat” and Children’s Nutrition (2020)

Overweight and obesity, as well as their associated risk factors for diseases, are already prevalent in childhood and, therefore, promoting healthy eating is important. Parental self-efficacy (PSE) and early health-promotion can be helpful in promoting healthy eating. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of PSE on children's nutrition behavior and identify PSE as a mediator between an intervention and children's nutrition. The kindergarten-based health-promotion program "Join the Healthy Boat" was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial with 558 children (4.7 ± 0.6 years; 52.3% male) participating at both times. Linear and logistic regressions as well as mediation analyses with potential covariates such as parental outcome expectancies or parental nutrition were carried out using questionnaire data. In children, PSE was positively associated with fruit and vegetable intake (<i>β</i> = 0.237; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and showed a protective effect on soft drink consumption (<i>OR</i> 0.728; <i>p</i> = 0.002). Parental nutrition was a stronger predictor of children's intake of fruit, vegetables (<i>β</i> = 0.451; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and soft drinks (<i>OR</i> 7.188; <i>p</i> < 0.001). There was no mediator effect of PSE. However, outcome expectancies were associated with PSE (<i>β</i> = 0.169; <i>p</i> = 0.032). In conclusion, interventions should promote self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and healthy nutrition for parents as well in order to strengthen the healthy eating habits of children.
IL-33 Precedes IL-5 in Regulating Eosinophil Commitment and Is Required for Eosinophil Homeostasis (2016)

Eosinophils are important in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including asthma, eosinophilic esophagitis, and eczema. Whereas IL-5 is crucial for supporting mature eosinophils (EoMs), the signals that support earlier eosinophil lineage events are less defined. The IL-33R, ST2, is expressed on several inflammatory cells, including eosinophils, and is best characterized for its role during the initiation of allergic responses in peripheral tissues. Recently, ST2 expression was described on hematopoietic progenitor subsets, where its function remains controversial. Our findings demonstrate that IL-33 is required for basal eosinophil homeostasis, because both IL-33- and ST2-deficient mice exhibited diminished peripheral blood eosinophil numbers at baseline. Exogenous IL-33 administration increased EoMs in both the bone marrow and the periphery in wild-type and IL-33-deficient, but not ST2-deficient, mice. Systemic IL-5 was also increased under this treatment, and blocking IL-5 with a neutralizing Ab ablated the IL-33-induced EoM expansion. The homeostatic hypereosinophilia seen in IL-5-transgenic mice was significantly lower with ST2 deficiency despite similar elevations in systemic IL-5. Finally, in vitro treatment of bone marrow cells with IL-33, but not IL-5, led to specific early expansion of IL-5Rα-expressing precursor cells. In summary, our findings establish a basal defect in eosinophilopoiesis in IL-33- and ST2-deficient mice and a mechanism whereby IL-33 supports EoMs by driving both systemic IL-5 production and the expansion of IL-5Rα-expressing precursor cells.
Comparison of buried oxide in silicon by oxygen implantation made by wafer and beam scanning (1986)

Buried oxide in silicon was formed by high dose oxygen implantation using either slow mechanical wafer scanning or the usual rapid beam scanning. Transmission electron microscopy and Auger depth profiling were used to characterize the samples after high-temperature annealing: 1150 °C for 2 h, followed by 1210 °C for 6 h. Oxygen-denuded zones of single crystal silicon are formed for both types of samples in the upper region of the top silicon layer (for the wafer-scanned samples, an oxygen-denuded zone had not formed after the usual 1150 °C anneal for 2 h). The dislocation density in the top silicon layer was much lower (&amp;lt;107 cm−2) for wafer-scanned samples than for beam-scanned samples (2×109 cm−2). The density of oxide precipitates in the top silicon layer and of silicon ‘‘islands’’ within the buried oxide was greater for wafer-scanned samples. These microstructural differences may produce differences in electrical properties.
A robust real-time face tracking algorithm (2002)

This paper presents a statistics-based method for estimating the position and size of a face in a complex background. Face position and size are estimated based on robust statistical measurements which are derived from two one-dimensional histograms obtained by projecting the result of skin color filtering. The proposed algorithm also utilizes a linear Kalman filter and a simple nonlinear filter to perform smooth tracking and remove jitter. The algorithm has been implemented and tested under a wide range of real-world conditions. It has consistently provided performance which satisfies the following requirements: (1) the ability to automatically determine the initial position and size of a face and track it in a complex background; (2) is insensitive to partial occlusions and shadows; (3) is insensitive to face orientation and scale changes; and (4) is also insensitive to lighting condition changes. In addition, the algorithm is computationally simple so that it can be executed in real-time.
ST6Gal-I Restrains CD22-Dependent Antigen Receptor Endocytosis and Shp-1 Recruitment in Normal and Pathogenic Immune Signaling (2006)

The ST6Gal-I sialyltransferase produces Siglec ligands for the B-cell-specific CD22 lectin and sustains humoral immune responses. Using multiple experimental approaches to elucidate the mechanisms involved, we report that ST6Gal-I deficiency induces immunoglobulin M (IgM) antigen receptor endocytosis in the absence of immune stimulation. This coincides with increased antigen receptor colocalization with CD22 in both clathrin-deficient and clathrin-enriched membrane microdomains concurrent with diminished tyrosine phosphorylation of Igalpha/beta, Syk, and phospholipase C-gamma2 upon immune activation. Codeficiency with CD22 restores IgM antigen receptor half-life at the cell surface in addition to reversing alterations in membrane trafficking and immune signaling. Diminished immune responses due to ST6Gal-I deficiency further correlate with constitutive recruitment of Shp-1 to CD22 in unstimulated B cells independent of Lyn tyrosine kinase activity and prevent autoimmune disease pathogenesis in the Lyn-deficient model of systemic lupus erythematosus, resulting in a significant extension of life span. Protein glycosylation by ST6Gal-I restricts access of antigen receptors and Shp-1 to CD22 and operates by a CD22-dependent mechanism that decreases the basal rate of IgM antigen receptor endocytosis in altering the threshold of B-cell immune activation.
Landau-Zener-Stückelberg Interferometry in Quantum Dots with Fast Rise Times: Evidence for Coherent Phonon Driving (2017)

Manipulating qubits via electrical pulses in a piezoelectric material such as GaAs can be expected to generate incidental acoustic phonons. In this Letter we determine theoretically and experimentally the consequences of these phonons for semiconductor spin qubits using Landau-Zener-Stückelberg interferometry. Theoretical calculations predict that phonons in the presence of the spin-orbit interaction produce both phonon-Rabi fringes and accelerated evolution at the singlet-triplet anticrossing. Observed features confirm the influence of these mechanisms. Additionally, evidence is found that the pulsed gates themselves act as phonon cavities increasing the influence of phonons under specific resonant conditions.
Electron States at Interfaces of Semiconductors and Metals with Insulating Films (2011)

Evolution of electron energy barriers at interfaces of AIV (Si, Ge), AIVBIV (GexSi1-x, SiC), and AIIIBV (GaAs, InxGa1-xAs, InP, GaSb) semiconductors with wide-gap oxide insulators is overviewed. Over a wide spectrum of studied materials no significant interface dipole contribution to the barrier height is found. Instead, it appears that the energy position of the top of the O2p-derived oxide valence band remains nearly constant, which can be used to evaluate the interface band alignment between oxides and semiconductors as well as between dissimilar oxides materials. By contrast, barriers for electrons at metal/oxide interfaces appear to be strongly affected by the interface processing indicating that near-interface oxide charges in combination with a resulting polarized metal surface may provide significant dipole contribution to the interface barrier height.
The Mechanochemical Release of Naphthalimide Fluorophores from β-Carbonate and β-Carbamate Disulfide-Centered Polymers (2021)

The covalent attachment of cargo molecules (e.g., drugs and fluorophores) in β-position to a disulfide moiety through carbamate and carbonate bonds finds many applications in responsive release systems. Recently, we showed that the combination of this release process with polymer mechanochemistry-induced disulfide scission enabled the remote-controlled release of small molecule drugs and fluorophores from their inactive parent macromolecules using ultrasound. The nature of the linker bond largely governed the subsequent release kinetics, an aspect that has not been investigated so far. To compare the differences, we here employ disulfide-centered polymers releasing either hydroxyl- or amino-naphthalimides from their respective β-carbonate or -carbamate linkers by force-induced intramolecular 5-exo-trig cyclization. We present the synthesis, characterization, and cell imaging evaluation of three naphthalimides featuring colorimetric and green fluorescence turn-on upon release, allowing monitoring of the release process. We believe that the insights gained from these experiments would advance the tailoring of release rates for force-induced pharmacotherapy.
Near-periodic excitation; Floquet theory (2011)

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Improving energy efficiency of multi-threaded applications using heterogeneous CMOS-TFET multicores (2011)

Energy-Delay-Product-aware DVFS is a widely-used technique that improves energy efficiency by dynamically adjusting the frequencies of cores. Further, for multithreaded applications, barrier-aware DVFS is a method that can dynamically tune the frequencies of cores to reduce barrier stall times and achieve higher energy efficiency. In both forms of DVFS, frequencies of cores are reduced from the maximum value to achieve better energy efficiency. TFET devices operate at energy efficiencies that cannot be achieved by CMOS devices. This advantage of TFET devices can be exploited in the context of multicore processors by replacing some of the CMOS cores with energy efficient TFET alternatives. However, the energy benefits of TFET devices are observed at relatively lower voltages, which results in a degradation in performance due to executing at lower frequencies. Although applications cannot be limited to run always at such lower frequencies, it can be significantly beneficial from an energy efficiency perspective to make use of energy efficient TFET cores during the times applications spend at these frequencies. In this paper, we show that due to EDP-aware DVFS and barrier-aware DVFS, multithreaded applications run for a significant portion of their execution time at frequencies at which TFET cores are more energy efficient. We further show that, at those frequencies, dynamically migrating threads to TFET cores can achieve average leakage and dynamic energy savings of 30% and 17%, respectively, with a performance degradation of less than 1%.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress-independent activation of unfolded protein response kinases by a small molecule ATP-mimic (2015)

Two ER membrane-resident transmembrane kinases, IRE1 and PERK, function as stress sensors in the unfolded protein response. IRE1 also has an endoribonuclease activity, which initiates a non-conventional mRNA splicing reaction, while PERK phosphorylates eIF2α. We engineered a potent small molecule, IPA, that binds to IRE1's ATP-binding pocket and predisposes the kinase domain to oligomerization, activating its RNase. IPA also inhibits PERK but, paradoxically, activates it at low concentrations, resulting in a bell-shaped activation profile. We reconstituted IPA-activation of PERK-mediated eIF2α phosphorylation from purified components. We estimate that under conditions of maximal activation less than 15% of PERK molecules in the reaction are occupied by IPA. We propose that IPA binding biases the PERK kinase towards its active conformation, which trans-activates apo-PERK molecules. The mechanism by which partial occupancy with an inhibitor can activate kinases may be wide-spread and carries major implications for design and therapeutic application of kinase inhibitors.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of The effect of drinking coffee and smoking cigarettes on the risk of cirrhosis associated with alcohol consumption. A case-control study. Provincial Group for the Study of Chronic Liver Disease. (2011)

Read the full review for this Faculty Opinions recommended article: The effect of drinking coffee and smoking cigarettes on the risk of cirrhosis associated with alcohol consumption. A case-control study. Provincial Group for the Study of Chronic Liver Disease.
Microorganisms in Biological Pest Control — A Review (Bacterial Toxin Application and Effect of Environmental Factors) (2013)

Microorganisms in Biological Pest Control — A Review (Bacterial Toxin Application and Effect of Environmental Factors)
Performance and extension of user space file systems (2010)

Several efforts have been made over the years for developing file systems in user space. Many of these efforts have failed to make a significant impact as measured by their use in production systems. Recently, however, user space file systems have seen a strong resurgence. FUSE is a popular framework that allows file systems to be developed in user space while offering ease of use and flexibility.
Multiple Component Reactions: An Efficient Nickel‐Catalyzed Reformatsky‐Type Reaction and Its Application in the Parallel Synthesis of β‐Amino Carbonyl Libraries. (2003)

Multiple-component condensations (MCC) where three or more reactants combine to afford a new\ncore structure possessing the molecular features of its composite building blocks is a powerful method\nfor the preparation of molecular diversity. We have developed an efficient, nickel-catalyzed,\nReformatsky-type three-component condensation (3CC) reaction that affords β-amino carbonyl\ncompounds. The scope of the reaction is demonstrated both in the gram and microscale settings;\n15 β-amino esters, amides, and a ketone were prepared efficiently at the mmol scale, and a library\nof 64 β-amino carbonyl compounds was generated at the μmol scale.
Stereoselective disposition of (+/‐)‐sotalol at steady‐state conditions. (1993)

The objective of this study was to assess, under steady-state conditions, the stereoselective disposition of (+/-)-sotalol in man. In all patients studied (n = 7) values of oral clearance (137 +/- 51 ml min-1), renal clearance (96 +/- 42 ml min-1) and nonrenal clearance (41 +/- 25 ml min-1) of (-)-sotalol were greater than those for (+)-sotalol (123 +/- 45 ml min-1, 89 +/- 39 ml min-1 and 34 +/- 23 ml min-1, respectively; P < 0.05, Student's paired t-test). Binding to plasma proteins was greater for (+)-sotalol (38 +/- 9% vs 35 +/- 9% for the (-)-enantiomer; P < 0.05) such that unbound oral clearance (+)/(-) ratio (0.95 +/- 0.06) and unbound renal clearance (+)/(-) ratio (0.97 +/- 0.06) were not stereoselective. In contrast, estimated unbound nonrenal clearance, which represents approximately 25% of the total unbound clearance of the drug, was greater for the (-)-enantiomer (64 +/- 42 ml min-1) compared with (+)-sotalol (57 +/- 42 ml min-1; P < 0.05). The difference in the pharmacokinetics of sotalol enantiomers is mainly related to stereoselectivity in plasma protein binding.
The NMR Study of Li Ion Motion in K3LiNb6O17 and K3LiTa6O17 (1982)

The temperature dependences of the NMR relaxation times of 7 Li in K 3 LiNb 6 O 17 (KLN–2) and K 3 LiTa 6 O 17 (KLT–2) are reported. The logarithms of the relaxation times give straight lines against the inverse temperature, and the activation energies are estimated to be 0.29 eV and 0.33 eV from the longitudinal relaxation times for KLN–2 and KLT–2, respectively. The motion of Li ions observed by NMR is discussed in connection with the ionic conduction in these materials and it is shown that the relaxation process is due to short-range ionic motion.
Application of an Uncoupled Elastic-plastic-creep Constitutive Model to Metals at High Temperature (1983)

A uniaxial, uncoupled constitutive model to predict the response of thermal and rate dependent elastic-plastic material behavior is presented. The model is based on an incremental classicial plasticity theory extended to account for thermal, creep, and transient temperature conditions. Revisions to he combined hardening rule of the theory allow for better representation of cyclic phenomenon including the high rate of strain hardening upon cyclic reyield and cyclic saturation. An alternative approach is taken to model the rate dependent inelastic deformation which utilizes hysteresis loops and stress relaxation test data at various temperatures. The model is evaluated and compared to experiments which involve various thermal and mechanical load histories on 5086 aluminum alloy, 304 stainless steel and Hastelloy-X.
Cerebrolysin Accelerates Metamorphosis and Attenuates Aging-Accelerating Effect of High Temperature in Drosophila Melanogaster (2014)

Cerebrolysin® (CBL) is a neuroprotective drug used for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. CBL's mechanisms of action remain unclear. Involvement of tryptophan (TRP)-kynurenine (KYN) pathway in neuroprotective effect of CBL might be suggested considering that modulation of KYN pathway of TRP metabolism by CBL, and protection against eclosion defect and prolongation of life span of Drosophila melanogaster with pharmacologically or genetically-induced down-regulation of TRP conversion into KYN. To investigate possible involvement of TRP-KYN pathway in mechanisms of neuroprotective effect of CBL, we evaluated CBL effects on metamorphosis and life span of Drosophila melanogaster maintained at 23 °C and 28 °C ambient temperature. CBL accelerated metamorphosis, exerted strong tendency (<i>p</i> = 0.04) to prolong life span in female but not in male flies, and attenuated aging-accelerating effect of high (28 °C) ambient temperature in both female and male flies. Further research of CBL effects on metamorphosis and resistance to aging-accelerating effect of high temperature might offer new insights in mechanisms of its neuroprotective action and expand its clinical applications.