gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Relative Exponential Weighing Algorithm for Adversarial Utility-based Dueling Bandits (2016)

We study the K-armed dueling bandit problem which is a variation of the classical Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) problem in which the learner receives only relative feedback about the selected pairs of arms. We propose a new algorithm called Relative Exponential-weight algorithm for Exploration and Exploitation (REX3) to handle the adversarial utility-based formulation of this problem. This algorithm is a non-trivial extension of the Exponential-weight algorithm for Exploration and Exploitation (EXP3) algorithm. We prove a finite time expected regret upper bound of order O(sqrt(K ln(K)T)) for this algorithm and a general lower bound of order omega(sqrt(KT)). At the end, we provide experimental results using real data from information retrieval applications.
Shear wave attenuation profile from sonic dipole well‐log data (2000)

A shear wave attenuation profile is extracted from dipole waveform well‐log data. The method is demonstrated by applying it to synthetic data, and then to monopole and dipole field data for a hard formation. The attenuation profiles for the two types of field data agree remarkably well.
NanJ Is the Major Sialidase for Clostridium perfringens Type F Food Poisoning Strain 01E809 (2023)

Clostridium perfringens type F strains cause food poisoning (FP) when they sporulate and produce C. perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) in the intestines. Most type F FP strains carry a chromosomal <i>cpe</i> gene (c-<i>cpe</i> strains). C. perfringens produces up to three different sialidases, named NanH, NanI, and NanJ, but some c-<i>cpe</i> FP strains carry only <i>nanJ</i> and <i>nanH</i> genes. This study surveyed a collection of such strains and showed that they produce sialidase activity when cultured in Todd-Hewitt broth (TH) (vegetative cultures) or modified Duncan-Strong (MDS) medium (sporulating cultures). Sialidase null mutants were constructed in 01E809, a type F c-<i>cpe</i> FP strain carrying the <i>nanJ</i> and <i>nanH</i> genes. Characterization of those mutants identified NanJ as the major sialidase of 01E809 and showed that, in vegetative and sporulating cultures, <i>nanH</i> expression affects <i>nanJ</i> expression and vice versa; those regulatory effects may involve media-dependent changes in transcription of the <i>codY</i> or <i>ccpA</i> genes but not <i>nanR</i>. Additional characterization of these mutants demonstrated the following: (i) NanJ contributions to growth and vegetative cell survival are media dependent, with this sialidase increasing 01E809 growth in MDS but not TH; (ii) NanJ enhances 24-h vegetative cell viability in both TH and MDS cultures; and (iii) NanJ is important for 01E809 sporulation and, together with NanH, CPE production in MDS cultures. Lastly, NanJ was shown to increase CPE-induced cytotoxicity and CH-1 pore formation in Caco-2 cells. Collectively, these results suggest that NanJ may have a contributory role in FP caused by type F c-<i>cpe</i> strains that carry the <i>nanH</i> and <i>nanJ</i> genes.
Image guidance used for large joint and bursa injections; a survey study (2019)

<b>Objectives</b>: To determine the current rates of use of available image guidance modalities for large joint and bursal injections, in addition to their relationships to physician demographics.<b>Methods</b>: An electronic survey was sent to 3,400 members of the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM), examining types of guidance used for each large joint and bursal injection.<b>Results</b>: A total of 674 sports medicine physicians responded to the survey. Intra-articular hip and glenohumeral joint injections were more commonly performed with ultrasound guidance, while palpation-guidance was more common with all other injections. Physicians who specialized in Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R) were more likely to use ultrasound for trochanteric bursa (p = 0.007, OR = 4.16 [1.46-11.8]), while internal medicine-, pediatrics-, and family medicine-trained physicians were more likely to use palpation guidance for at least one joint (p < 0.05). Physicians with fewer years of experience were more likely to use ultrasound for glenohumeral joint injections (p ≤ 0.002 for all age groups with less than 20 years of experience, ORs ranging from 6.3 to 9.2).<b>Conclusion</b>: Palpation-guidance is the most common technique used for large joint and bursal injections, other than for glenohumeral and hip joint injections. PM&R-trained physicians and those with less experience tend to use ultrasound more frequently.
Growth Retardation (Hemiepiphyseal Stapling) and Growth Acceleration (Periosteal Resection) as a Method to Improve Guided Growth in a Lamb Model (2016)

Rigid implants initially produced deformity quicker than modular constructs; yet ultimately, both implants were equally effective at guiding growth. Device Efficiency for the modular group improved significantly with the addition of periosteal stripping as method to accelerate growth.
Botulinum Toxin in the Management of Blepharospasm (1986)

Seventy-seven patients with blepharospasm unresponsive to other forms of therapy were treated with botulinum A toxin. The drug was injected into the orbicularis oculi muscle of both upper and lower eyelids and, in some patients, into the brows and upper part of the face as well. A total of 192 treatment sessions were given, with follow-up ranging from four weeks to 18 months. Orbicularis muscle spasms decreased markedly over the first five days following injection, both in patients with essential blepharospasm and in those with hemifacial spasm. Beneficial effect was temporary, however, and repeated injections were required for sustained relief. Fifty-two patients received multiple treatments, ranging from two to eight injections each, with a mean duration of benefit of 11.8 weeks. Results of subsequent injections were similar to the first in rapidity of onset, degree of benefit, and duration of effect. Complications were local, mild, and transient, and no systemic side effects were encountered.
A Method for Measuring Elliptic Flow Fluctuations in PHOBOS (2006)

We introduce an analysis method to measure elliptic flow (v_2) fluctuations using the PHOBOS detector for Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV. In this method, v_2 is determined event-by-event by a maximum likelihood fit. The non-statistical fluctuations are determined by unfolding the contribution of statistical fluctuations and detector effects using Monte Carlo simulations(MC). Application of this method to measure dynamical fluctuations embedded in special MC are presented. It is shown that the input fluctuations are reconstructed successfully for &gt;= 0.03.
Characterization of Circulating and Bone Marrow Derived Exosomes in Multiple Myeloma Patients (2018)

Abstract Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by clinical and biological heterogeneity, translating to variable outcome. High International Staging System (ISS), high risk cytogenetics, elevated LDH, poor response to novel drugs or extramedullary-disease (EMD) are associated to poor prognosis. Exosomes (EXO) are extra vesicular particles implicated in intercellular communication. Exosomal cargo has recently been studied as prognostic factors in cancer. MM-EXO may act as biomarkers of disease aggressiveness and potentially be used for better stratification of high risk disease in the clinical setting as liquid biopsies. Aims: To characterize peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow aspirates (BM) EXO in MM and MGUS patients versus healthy donors (HD) and to analyze its potential use as a prognostic biomarker. Methods: EXO were isolated from PB and BM samples by ultracentrifugation. EXO protein quantity (EXOcargo) was determined by the ratio between total quantity of proteins and the total number of exosomes. Comparisons among groups of patients (MM, MGUS) and HD were made regarding EXO total protein cargo (PB and BM). Results: MM patients revealed 5x times higher EXOcargo in PB (ug/EXO) when compared to MGUS patients (p=0.007, n=15 MM and n=8 MGUS); MM median 2.34 (1.08-6.5) ug/EXO versus MGUS median 0.51 (0.29-1.04) ug/EXO. There was no differences regarding the EXOcargo between the MGUS and HD (n=6, HD median 0.88 (0.57-1.83)ug/EXO). In BM, MM EXOcargo was also higher than in MGUS: MM 2.09 (0.49-3.85)ug/EXO versus MGUS 0.53 (0.21-0.831)ug/EXO. Analyzing the patients with higher EXOcargo, we found that patients with EMD (n=4) are among the ones with higher circulating exosomal protein cargo (median 5.76 (4.36-7.95). A positive correlation in EXOcargo between PB and BM in MM and MGUS (Spearman r=0.85; p&lt; 0.0001) was found. We also studied circulating EXOcargo at response evaluation (T2) compared to EXOcargo before MM treatment (T1): patients with deeper response had significant lower EXOcargo (CR T2 median 0.85 (0.65-1.35) p&lt;0,05); patients in VGPR (T2 median 1.52 (0.86-2.34) p=0.36) PR (T2 median 2.68 (2.03-3.33) p=0.94) and progression (T2 median 2.22 (1.0-2.46) p=0.58). Conclusion: 1-The positive correlation of the exosomal protein cargo in PB and BM samples may be a reflection of the BM compartment and potentially supports the use of EXO as liquid biopsies for biomarkers of BM disease, in a less invasive method. 2-MM patients have higher circulating exosomal protein cargo in PB when compared to MGUS patients and HD. 3- Patients with extramedullary disease and more aggressive forms of multiple myeloma have a higher exosomal cargo in the PB and this might be related to different biological features of the disease. The longitudinal evaluation in 2 different time-points suggests a correlation between EXO protein cargo and response to treatment, to be confirmed in a larger cohort. Figure. Figure. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Investigation of random telegraph signal in two junction layouts of proton irradiated CMOS SPADs (2021)

This paper focuses on the understanding of the Random Telegraph Signal (RTS) in Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPAD). We studied the RTS of two different SPAD layouts, designed and implemented in a 150-nm CMOS process, after proton irradiation. The two structures are characterized by different junction types: the first structure is constituted by a P+/Nwell junction, while the second is formed by a Pwell/Niso junction. RTS occurrence has been measured in about one thousand SPAD pixels and the differences addressed in two layouts are motivated and discussed. Hypotheses on the RTS origin are drawn by analyzing the RTS time constants and the RTS occurrence evolution as a function of the annealing temperature.
Automatic Digital Quantification of Bone Marrow Myeloma Volume in Appendicular Skeletons — Clinical Implications and Prognostic Significance (2017)

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell disorder originating in bone marrow. Whole body low-dose multidetector CT (MDCT) can depict bone marrow infiltration by myeloma cells in the adipose-rich fatty marrow of the appendicular skeleton. We previously reported that CT values (also known as Hounsfield Units (HU) scale) of bone marrow infiltrations in humeri and femora reflected disease stages in plasma cell dyscrasia and higher CT values predicted inferior prognosis (Nishida et al. Blood Cancer J 2015). However, automated and objective volume measurement of bone marrow infiltration has not been established, and its clinical relevance is not yet understood. To solve this problem, we developed a novel automated CT post-processing software tool (MABLE software) and evaluated the total sum of CT values (cumulative CT values, cCTv), representing mass of bone marrow infiltration by combining volume of myeloma infiltration and voxel-based CT values. cCTv was calculated for 91 patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic MM and 27 patients with smoldering MM (SMM) and 9 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS). Mean cCTv, expressed as log10 scale, was higher in patients with symptomatic MM than those with SMM or MGUS (mean ± SEM: 3.541 ± 0.06 vs 2.337 ± 0.1 and 3.541 ± 0.06 vs 2.582 ± 0.18, P Download : Download high-res image (108KB) Download : Download full-size image Disclosures Mizobe: Canon Inc.: Employment. Yamamichi: Canon Inc.: Employment.
Tunable Dielectric Metasurfaces Based on the Variation of the Refractive Index of the Environment (2017)

A dielectric metasurface at the variation of the refractive index of the environment has been numerically simulated. The optical response of the metasurface contacting both a homogeneous medium with different refractive indices and a liquid crystal controlled by the temperature and applied electric field has been considered. The results can be used to produce optical devices for various aims. Numerical simulations have been performed for the parameters of the liquid crystal E7 widely used in industry.
Be´zier Curves on Riemannian Manifolds and Lie Groups with Kinematics Applications (1995)

In this article we generalize the concept of Be´zier curves to curved spaces, and illustrate this generalization with an application in kinematics. We show how De Casteljau’s algorithm for constructing Be´zier curves can be extended in a natural way to Riemannian manifolds. We then consider a special class of Riemannian manifold, the Lie groups. Because of their group structure Lie groups admit an elegant, efficient recursive algorithm for constructing Be´zier curves. Spatial displacements of a rigid body also form a Lie group, and can therefore be interpolated (in the Be´zier sense) using this recursive algorithm. We apply this alogorithm to the kinematic problem of trajectory generation or motion interpolation for a moving rigid body. The orientation trajectory of motions generated in this way have the important property of being invariant with respect to choices of inertial and body-fixed reference frames.
PVT-aware digital controlled voltage regulator design for ultra-low-power (ULP) DVFS systems (2014)

On-chip regulators are becoming increasingly important for ultra-low voltage nano-scale SoC systems. In this paper, an all-digital controlled linear regulator is presented. A novel Process-Voltage-Temperature (PVT) -aware design is implemented to mitigate environmental variations and to guarantee the resolution of the liner regulator. The proposed digital voltage regulator can achieve up to 98.4% current efficiency. This design leads to three major advantages: (1) fast response time of 60ns, (2) low quiescent current 162μA in a stable state, and (3) PVT tolerance. The settling time is about 138ns. The output voltage error in 0.3V stable states with error improvement of the resolution using PVT-aware DED is around 50%. The best FOM at the regulated voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">REG</sub> ) of 0.51V is 4.2 pA·s. This digital controlled voltage regulator is designed and implemented for near-/sub- threshold operations. It can generate V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">REG</sub> from 0.3V ~ 0.51V in steps of 30mV without resolution degradation under PVT variations. The total area of the regulator is about 388.6×35.7μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> using TSMC 65-nm low-power bulk CMOS technology.
Neurocognitive functioning in bulimia nervosa: the role of neuroendocrine, personality and clinical aspects (2010)

No cognitive impairment was found in untreated patients with BN. Neuroendocrine, personality and clinical variables do influence neurocognitive functioning and might explain discrepancies in literature findings.
Transcutaneous Carbon Dioxide Monitoring During Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Due to Smoke Inhalation and Burns (2012)

We evaluated the accuracy of continuous noninvasive transcutaneous carbon dioxide (tPCO2) monitoring utilizing the SenTec Digital Monitoring System in a model of ARDS due to smoke inhalation and burns. Subjects anesthetized female Yorkshire pigs (47.4 ± 0.9 kg) received wood bark smoke inhalation injury and 40% total body surface area full thickness flame burn. A SenTec sensor heated to 43.5°C was used. Correlation of tPCO2 with arterial PaCO2 measured intermittently with i‐STAT blood gas analyzer. Results all animals developed ARDS at 23±2.08 hrs. Mean survival time was 51±14.9 hrs. A total of 88 paired measurements of PaCO2 and tPCO2 were performed. The mean overall bias between PaCO2 and tPCO2 under stable conditions (Bland‐Altman analysis (BAa)) was 0.75±5.34 mm Hg with overall correlation (R2 = 0.79, P&lt;0.0001). Eighty‐nine percent of measurements were within the acceptable clinical range of agreement of ± 7.5mm Hg. This relationship deteriorated under hemodynamic instability with overall bias increasing to 17.3±18.5 mm Hg (BAa) and poor correlation (R2= 0.02, P=0.53) and only 33% of measurements were within the acceptable clinical range of agreement. Conclusions Transcutaneous CO2 monitoring is a reliable surrogate for PaCO2 in the setting of severe lung injury and hemodynamic stability. Additional information must be considered during hemodynamic instability for accurate estimation of PaCO2.
High expression of PIM2 induces HSC proliferation in myelodysplastic syndromes via the IDH1/HIF1‑α signaling pathway (2019)

PIM2 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (PIM2) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is upregulated in different types of cancer and serves essential roles in the regulation of signal transduction cascades, which promote cell survival and cell proliferation. The present study demonstrated that PIM2 was highly expressed in CD34<sup>+</sup> cells derived from the bone marrow of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)/acute myeloid leukemia. The mRNA expression level of PIM2 was quantified in MDS cell lines and mRNA expression was significantly decreased compared with that in KG-1 cells. <i>In vitro</i>, downregulation of PIM2 by short interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited cell proliferation and delayed G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> cell cycle progression in the MDS cell line SKM-1. Western blotting revealed that cyclin dependent kinase 2 was markedly downregulated and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A was markedly upregulated following transfection with PIM2 siRNA. Cell Counting Kit-8 analysis demonstrated that cell proliferation of si-PIM2-transfected cells was significantly decreased compared with control cells. Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting revealed that PIM2 expression was negatively correlated with isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP(+)]1 cytosolic (IDH1) and positively correlated with hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit α (HIF1A) in CD34<sup>+</sup> MDS cells. Collectively, these results suggested that the expression of PIM2 induced increased expression of HIF1A by decreasing the expression of IDH1, resulting in increased CD34<sup>+</sup> cell proliferation. Therefore, PIM2 may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of MDS and AML or a target for novel therapeutic agents.
A role for the acidic trimer repeat region of transcription factor sigma 54 in setting the rate and temperature dependence of promoter melting in vivo. (1992)

sigma 54 is an atypical sigma factor involved in enhancer-dependent transcription in Escherichia coli. In vivo assays were developed for following the kinetics and thermodynamics of sigma 54-dependent melting of the glnAP2 promoter start site. These assays were applied to a series of three sigma 54 polymerases containing zero, one, and two copies of the highly acidic trimer repeat region. The results showed that at least one copy of this acid region is required for a complete melting transition at physiological temperature, but is not required for a low temperature melting transition. The rate of melting the promoter in vivo increased with number of copies of this region. Taken together with other observations, the experiments point to a role for the acid region in triggering conformational changes that lead to specific promoter melting. The acid region is required for these changes to occur fully at physiological temperature and influences the rate at which they occur.
Cooperative Control for Multiple Autonomous Vehicles Using Descriptor Functions (2014)

The paper presents a novel methodology for the control management of a swarm of autonomous vehicles. The vehicles, or agents, may have different skills, and be employed for different missions. The methodology is based on the definition of descriptor functions that model the capabilities of the single agent and each task or mission. The swarm motion is controlled by minimizing a suitable norm of the error between agents’ descriptor functions and other descriptor functions which models the entire mission. The validity of the proposed technique is tested via numerical simulation, using different task assignment scenarios.
Zero-Shot Audio Classification Based On Class Label Embeddings (2019)

This paper proposes a zero-shot learning approach for audio classification based on the textual information about class labels without any audio samples from target classes. We propose an audio classification system built on the bilinear model, which takes audio feature embeddings and semantic class label embeddings as input, and measures the compatibility between an audio feature embedding and a class label embedding. We use VGGish to extract audio feature embeddings from audio recordings. We treat textual labels as semantic side information of audio classes, and use Word2Vec to generate class label embeddings. Results on the ESC-50 dataset show that the proposed system can perform zero-shot audio classification with small training dataset. It can achieve accuracy (26 % on average) better than random guess (10 %) on each audio category. Particularly, it reaches up to 39.7 % for the category of natural audio classes.