gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism for two-phase cooling in a narrow gap (1997)

In connection with possible light water reactor in-vessel cooling following core degradation, the formation of gaps and associated cooling mechanisms are of interest. At the high temperatures of interest, i.e., 500 to 1100{degrees}C, the film boiling liquid droplet regime would appear of primary importance. In atmospheric pressure laboratory experiments performed by Henry and Hammersley, an average heat removal rate of {approximately}2500 W was measured in a 2-mm annular gap. Single-phase natural convection (all steam) cannot explain this heat removal rate; i.e., latent heat of vaporization must be involved. This brings into question a characteristic dimension related to possible gap formation and the ability for water to enter the gap.
Combining infrared and mode synthesizing atomic force microscopy: Application to the study of lipid vesicles inside Streptomyces bacteria (2016)

We propose a new analytical approach combining vibrational spectroscopy and acoustic tomography for the detection and characterization of vesicles inside Streptomyces bacteria. Using atomic force microscopy and infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR), we detect the presence of triglyceride vesicles. Their sizes in depth are measured with high accuracy using mode synthesizing atomic force microscopy (MS-AFM). We conducted a comparative study of AFM-IR and MS-AFM, and highlighted the advantages of the coupling of these techniques in having a full characterization (chemical, topographical, and volumetric) of a biological sample. With these complementary techniques, a complete access to the vesicle size distribution has been achieved with an accuracy of less than 50 nm. A 3D reconstruction of bacteria showing the in-depth distribution of vesicles is given to underline the great potential of the acoustic method.
Cognitive Radio Networks Application in the Fourth Industrial Revolution for Africa Development (2021)

Africa is a rising continent with very high potential and capacity for technological and industrial growth. Broadband communications will play a significant role in the realisation of Africa’s potential. The fourth industrial revolution (4IR), also referred to as Industry 4.0, is rapidly changing the industrial and manufacturing space in Africa through the use of automation and modern technology. A number of emerging communication technologies are working together to help drive the realisation of 4IR. One relevant technology that is very critical to the realisation of 4IR is cognitive radio networks (CRN). The CRN can mitigate the effect of spectrum scarcity and underutilisation by enabling multiple networks to co-use (either simultaneously or opportunistically) a spectrum space, as long as the predefined network conditions are not violated. This paper studies the critical aspects of CRN and their application towards the realisation of 4IR in Africa and beyond.
Univariate Model-Based Deadband Alarm Design for Nonlinear Processes (2019)

Alarm design is an essential industrial problem with significant implications for safety and performance. Standard alarm design algorithms are based on the assumption that the data are uncorrelated and stationary. In this Article, we relax these assumptions and develop a novel approach to design alarms for processes modeled as a stochastic nonlinear time-series model. In particular, we develop an algorithm to design deadband alarms by minimizing the false and missed alarm rates. The resulting algorithm is illustrated through extensive simulations on a reactor system.
Competing Factors Link to Bone Health in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation Takes a Toll (2017)

Chronic inflammation predisposes to poor bone health. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) experience androgen excess, ovulatory disturbances, insulin resistance, abdominal adiposity and chronic inflammation. Our objective was to investigate the relationships among bone health parameters, chronic subclinical inflammation and anthropometric measures in premenopausal women with and without PCOS. In 61 premenopausal women, 22 women with PCOS and 39 controls, we assessed bone parameters (total hip bone mineral density [BMD] by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and radius strength-strain index [SSI] by peripheral quantitative computed tomography), inflammation (C-reactive protein/albumin), oxidative stress (leukocyte telomere length, urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine); hemoglobin A1c; anthropometric measures (body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, cross-sectional muscle area). A diagnosis of PCOS negatively predicted (beta = -0.251, p = 0.022) hip BMD in a regression model including weight. In women with PCOS, inflammation, which was predicted by increased waist-to-height ratio and current use of oral contraceptives, attenuated the positive influences of increased weight and muscle mass on bone strength and was inversely associated with radial SSI (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.25, p = 0.018). In conclusion, chronic subclinical inflammation may negatively impact bone physiology in women with PCOS. Strategies focused on reducing abdominal adiposity and avoiding medications that increase inflammation may counter this effect.
p-Cresyl sulphate and indoxyl sulphate predict progression of chronic kidney disease (2010)

In addition to traditional and uraemia-related risk factors such as renal function, serum IS and PCS levels may help in predicting the risk of renal progression in patients having different stages of CKD.
Connectome-based biophysics models of Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis and prognosis (2022)

With the increasing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among aging populations and the limited therapeutic options available to slow or reverse its progression, the need has never been greater for improved diagnostic tools for identifying patients in the preclinical and prodomal phases of AD. Biophysics models of the connectome-based spread of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and microtubule-associated protein tau (τ) have enjoyed recent success as tools for predicting the time course of AD-related pathological changes. However, given the complex etiology of AD, which involves not only connectome-based spread of protein pathology but also the interactions of many molecular and cellular players over multiple spatiotemporal scales, more robust, complete biophysics models are needed to better understand AD pathophysiology and ultimately provide accurate patient-specific diagnoses and prognoses. Here we discuss several areas of active research in AD whose insights can be used to enhance the mathematical modeling of AD pathology as well as recent attempts at developing improved connectome-based biophysics models. These efforts toward a comprehensive yet parsimonious mathematical description of AD hold great promise for improving both the diagnosis of patients at risk for AD and our mechanistic understanding of how AD progresses.
The Adrenocortical Response to Critical Illness (1997)

The maintenance of normal, coordinated physiologic functioning of various organ systems of the body is the primary role of the endocrine system (1). Although the endocrine response to many forms of stress is relatively uniform, it is nevertheless complicated and comprehensive in scope. The adrenal cortex is a critical player in the endocrine response to major stress. Cortisol, the primary glucocorticoid secreted from the human adrenal gland, has long been recognized as a requirement for survival in critical illness. Although the physiologic effects of cortisol are widespread and complex, it may be reasonable to summarize its role in critical illness by stating that it prevents an overexuberant response of the potentially self-destructive immune system (2).
ISFET threshold voltage programming in CMOS using hot-electron injection (2009)

The use of hot-electron injection as a method for programming the threshold voltages of CMOS based ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) in standard pH buffer solution is presented. This method allows compensation of large threshold voltage variations generally seen with ISFETs fabricated in unmodified CMOS due to the presence of trapped charge, enabling operation of the device using nominal supply voltage as well as reduction of mismatch between devices when fabricating ISFET arrays. Fabricated in a 0.35 µm CMOS process, threshold voltage shifts of up to 2.8 V have been achieved in a pH 7 buffer solution.
On the Specificity of Anti-Sulfoglucuronosyl Glycolipid Antibodies (1998)

Abstract The mouse monoclonal anti-human HNK-1 antibody (also variously known as L2, Leu-7, CD57, VC1.1), monoclonal anti-sulfoglucuronosyl glycosphingolipids (SGGLs) antibody (mAb NGR50), and human sera from patients with demyelinating neuropathy and IgM paraproteinemia, are known to react with not only SGGLs, including sulfoglucuronosyl paragloboside (SGPG) and sulfoglucuronosyl lactosaminyl paragloboside (SGLPG), but also glycoproteins, such as myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), PO, PMP22, and certain adhesion molecules. These antigens are known to possess the so-called HNK-1 epitope (3-sulfoglucuronic acid, SGA) moiety. To further define the precise structural requirement of this carbohydrate epitope, we chemically synthesized 14 SGGLs, and their nonsulfated derivatives with defined carbohydrate chain lengths and aglycone structures. The various aglycones include ceramide, 2-(tetradecyl)hexadecyl (B30), and 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl (SE). These synthetic SGGLs were tested for their immunoreactivity with the above antibodies by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-immunoblotting and ELISA. The anti-HNK-1 antibody (VC1.1) reacted with SGGL analogues containing a minimum of two sugars (SGA-Gal-Cer), but not with non-sulfated derivatives of SGGLs nor with SGGLs having a modified ceramide structure. mAb NGR50, on the other hand, reacted with only SGPG and SGLPG. A human patient serum (LT) reacted with all synthetic SGGLs except those with an SE aglycone structure. On the other hand, another human patient serum (YT). like the anti-HNK-1 antibody, VC1.1, reacted with SGPG, SGLPG, and SGGL analogues containing a minimum of two sugars (SGA-Gal-Cer). All antibodies reacted more strongly with synthetic SGGLs with longer carbohydrate chains. These results indicate that anti-SGGL antibodies recognize a minimum of two sugars bearing the following structure (3-sulfoglucuronosyl β 1-3 galactosyl, SGA-Gal-) and that the aglycone (“ceramide”) structure appears to play an important role for antibody-antigen interaction.
Advanced Geomechanical Model to Predict the Impact of CO2-Induced Microstructural Alterations on the Cohesive-Frictional Behavior of Mt. Simon Sandstone (2020)

We investigated the influence of CO2-induced geochemical reactions on the cohesive-frictional properties of host rock within the context of CO2 storage in a saline aquifer and focused on the Mt. Simon sandstone. The research objective was to model geo-mechanical changes due to host rock exposure to CO2-saturated brine while accounting for heterogeneity, double-scale porosity, and granular structure. We formulated a three-level multi-scale model for host rocks. We conducted scanning electron microscopy analyses to probe the microstructure and grid nanoindentation to measure the mechanical response. We derived new nonlinear strength upscaling solutions to correlate the effective strength characteristics and the macroscopic yield surface to the micro-structure at the nano-, micro-, and meso-scales. Specifically, our theoretical model links CO2-induced microstructural alterations to a reduction in the size of the yield surface, and a drop in the value of the friction coefficient. In turn, regarding the Illinois Basin Decatur Project, the CO2-induced drop in friction coefficient is linked to an increase in the risk of fault slip and a higher probability of induced microseismicity during and after the end of CO2 underground injection operations. The theoretical model presented is essential for the geo-mechanical modeling of CO2 underground injection operations at multiple length-scales.
Pharmacological Alternatives for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders: Wasp and Bee Venoms and Their Components as New Neuroactive Tools (2015)

Neurodegenerative diseases are relentlessly progressive, severely impacting affected patients, families and society as a whole. Increased life expectancy has made these diseases more common worldwide. Unfortunately, available drugs have insufficient therapeutic effects on many subtypes of these intractable diseases, and adverse effects hamper continued treatment. Wasp and bee venoms and their components are potential means of managing or reducing these effects and provide new alternatives for the control of neurodegenerative diseases. These venoms and their components are well-known and irrefutable sources of neuroprotectors or neuromodulators. In this respect, the present study reviews our current understanding of the mechanisms of action and future prospects regarding the use of new drugs derived from wasp and bee venom in the treatment of major neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Epilepsy, Multiple Sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Characterization of Single Phase of La<sub>0.8</sub>Ba<sub>0.2</sub>Fe<sub>0.3</sub>Mn<sub>0.35</sub>Ti<sub>0.35</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles as Microwave Absorbers (2014)

1024x768 Single phase of La 0.8 Ba 0.2 Fe 0.3 Mn 0.35 Ti 0.35 O 3 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by mechanical alloying method. The mixture of all precursors were first mechanically milled for 10 hrs and then sintered at a temperature of 1000 °C for 10 hrs in which a fully crystalline material is ensured. The sintered material was then re-milled for 20 hrs to obtain powder-based nanoparticles. The refinement of x-ray diffraction trace for re-milled materials confirmed a single phase material with a monoclinic structure of lattice parameters: a = 5.5182(8) Å, b = 5.5442(8) Å and c = 7.822(1) Å, a = g = 90 o and b = 89.63(1) o . The mechanically alloyed and sintered materials in the first mechanical milling resulted in powders with mean size 521 nm. The mean size particle size were reduced further to 62 nm in the second mechanically milled powders. Results of mean crystallite size evaluation for respective powder materials showed almost similar mean crystallite size about 43 nm. In addition, the hysteresis curve showed that the sample is ferromagnetic. Results of VNA evaluation indicated that there were three of absorption peaks with reflection loss values ~ -9.0 dB, ~ -11.5 dB, and ~ -25.0 dB at frequency 9.9 GHz, 12.0 GHz, and 14.1 GHz respectively. The study concluded that the La 0.8 Ba 0.2 Fe 0.3 Mn 0.35 Ti 0.35 O 3 material with nanoparticles has been successfully synthesized showing a good candidate as microwave absorbing materials. Normal 0 false false false /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;}
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW DEHYDROPEPTIDE SYNTHESIS. DIRECT OXIDATION OF A DIPEPTIDE AZLACTONE (1978)

Abstract Das aus Glycin‐phenylalanin (I) erhältliche Azlacton (II) wird m′it Chloranil in Dimethoxyethan in mäßigen Ausbeuten zu (III) dehydriert und durch saure Hydrolyse in ein ungesättigtes Dipeptid (IV) übergeführt.
Exclusion of the gene for human cartilage intermediate layer protein in currently mapped calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition syndromes (1999)

This map location definitively excludes mutations in the CILP gene as the cause of certain familial forms of CPPD deposition disease that have been genetically mapped to chromosomes 8q and 5p.
Effects of anesthesia of the palmar digital nerves on kinematic gait analysis in horses with and without navicular disease (1997)

Several kinematic measurements of gait can be used to determine improvement of lameness in horses with navicular disease after PDNB block while trotting on a treadmill.
ChemInform Abstract: FURTHER STUDIES ON THE HOMOGENEOUS HYDROFORMYLATION OF ALKENES BY USE OF RUTHENIUM COMPLEX CATALYSTS (1976)

Abstract Die Hydroformylierung von Alkenen [ z.IB.
Abstract 14699: Epicardial Infarct Repair with a Novel Biologic Extracellular Matrix Improves Infarct Healing: Preclinical Validation (2014)

BACKGROUND: Despite successful revascularization after MI, the extracellular matrix (ECM) continues to remodel resulting in cardiac fibrosis, LV dilatation and heart failure. We hypothesized that a...
18F-FDG PET Uptake Characterization Through Texture Analysis: Investigating the Complementary Nature of Heterogeneity and Functional Tumor Volume in a Multi–Cancer Site Patient Cohort (2014)

Our results suggest that heterogeneity quantification and volume may provide valuable complementary information for volumes above 10 cm(3), although the complementary information increases substantially with larger volumes.
Agglomeration behaviour of magnetic microparticles during separation and recycling processes in mRNA purification (2021)

Purification of mRNA with oligo(dT)-functionalized magnetic particles involves a series of magnetic separations for buffer exchange and washing. Magnetic particles interact and agglomerate with each other when a magnetic field is applied, which can result in a decreased total surface area and thus a decreased yield of mRNA. In addition, agglomeration may also be caused by mRNA loading on the magnetic particles. Therefore, it is of interest how the individual steps of magnetic separation and subsequent redispersion in the buffers used affect the particle size distribution. The lysis/binding buffer is the most important buffer for the separation of mRNA from the multicomponent suspension of cell lysate. Therefore, monodisperse magnetic particles loaded with mRNA were dispersed in the lysis/binding buffer and in the reference system deionized water, and the particle size distributions were measured. A concentration-dependent agglomeration tendency was observed in deionized water. In contrast, no significant agglomeration was detected in the lysis/binding buffer. With regard to magnetic particle recycling, the influence of different storage and drying processes on particle size distribution was investigated. Agglomeration occurred in all process alternatives. For de-agglomeration, ultrasonic treatment was examined. It represents a suitable method for reproducible restoration of the original particle size distribution.
Fas expression and function in normal and malignant breast cell lines. (1996)

Expression and function of the Fas apoptotic pathway was investigated in normal and malignant human breast epithelial cells. Nontransformed mammary epithelial cell lines all expressed high levels of Fas mRNA and protein, but only one of seven breast cancer cell lines (T47D) expressed high levels of Fas. Apoptosis was induced in the nontransformed lines when they were incubated with the anti-Fas antibody. However, all of the breast cancer cell lines tested, except T47D, were resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Four of five Fas-resistant breast cancer cell lines became sensitive to Fas-mediated apoptosis upon treatment with IFN-gamma. Fas mRNA increased slightly in both cell lines that became sensitive and in the cell line that remained resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis upon IFN-gamma treatment. However, the cell surface expression of Fas showed little or no increase in any of the cell lines tested upon IFN-gamma treatment. In contrast to Fas expression, interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE) expression increased only in the cell lines that became Fas sensitive after IFN-gamma treatment. The importance of ICE and/or ICE-like proteases in Fas-mediated apoptosis in these cells was confirmed by inhibition of Fas-mediated apoptosis by a specific ICE inhibitor, YVAD-cmk. Fas sensitivity was reconstituted in the IFN-gamma-resistant cell line by transfection of ICE into that cell line. Together, these data suggest that down-regulation of Fas and its pathway may be a step in tumor progression and that modulation of Fas expression may provide an approach to inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
L'émancipation à l'épreuve du changement : perspectives culturelles (2014)

This research tempts, through an abductive approach, to understand the conducts of the individuals in period of change. What brings them to change? How do they live these periods? What helps them to make decisions? So many questions which will be explored considering Sciences of the education discipline and will find their foundations in the thematic entrance 4 "Conduct and support of the change process" of the UMR EFTS. The stake here is to present the progress of this research, the beginning of which is a matter of a personal questioning of a novice researcher about the conducts of the individuals in period of change, until its restoration during questionings on the place of the school system as institution having a role to play in the emancipation of individuals.
Central Corneal Thickness and Anterior Scleral Thickness in Korean Patients With Open-angle Glaucoma (2010)

Anterior scleral thickness was correlated with CCT in the NTG group, but this correlation was not observed among the POAG or control groups.
Magneto-Quantum-Electric Fields in Bismuth (1967)

We report the observation of magneto-quantum-electric fields associated with the giant-quantum attenuation of sound waves in bismuth. For suitable orientations of $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{q}}$ and ${\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{H}}}_{0}$, a set of voltage peaks appears, whose magnetic-field dependence and the magnitudes are in good agreement with theory. Voltage peaks also appear in a direction corresponding to transverse electric fields set up by the longitudinal acoustoelectric current and the anisotropic resistivity of bismuth.
Comparison of EPI DWI and STEAM DWI in Early Postoperative MRI Controls After Resection of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (2023)

The newly developed version of STEAM DWI with highly undersampled radial encodings is superior to EPI DWI in patients with postoperative pneumocephalus.
Photon transport in a one-dimensional nanophotonic waveguide QED system (2016)

The waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED) system may have important applications in quantum device and quantum information technology. In this article we review the methods being proposed to calculate photon transport in a one-dimensional (1D) waveguide coupled to quantum emitters. We first introduce the Bethe ansatz approach and the input–output formalism to calculate the stationary results of a single photon transport. Then we present a dynamical time-dependent theory to calculate the real-time evolution of the waveguide QED system. In the longtime limit, both the stationary theory and the dynamical calculation give the same results. Finally, we also briefly discuss the calculations of the multiphoton transport problems.