gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MEMS-based Force-Detected Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (FDNMR) spectrometer (2006)

The motivation for the work reported is portable NMR spectroscopy of liquids and solids with higher sensitivity than inductive detection and without the need for tuned elements specific to the frequency of each isotope observed. The fabrication and assembly of a BOOMERANG force-detected nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer is reported. The design is optimal for samples of ~ 50 micron diameter and realizes tolerances of ~1 micron in the Si and ferromagnetic parts. Optical lithography, electrodeposition, reactive ion etching, and release of the moving part by solution etching are key methods used. Resistance to delamination of the ferromagnetic material was achieved by Cr/Au deposition prior to electrodeposition of 85/15 Co:Ni.
Amplitude estimation of a sinusoid buried in heavy noise using stochastic resonance (2005)

This paper investigates four methods to estimate the amplitude of a sinusoid buried in noise, using the phenomenon of stochastic resonance (SR) to obtain the best estimate. SR is a cooperative effect in which the power in the broadband part of the spectrum is fed in to the output power of the signal frequency. We use a 3-level quantizer in our experiments to quantize the sinusoid buried in noise after variance-controlled AWGN is added to it We estimate the amplitude at the optimum variance, which is obtained from the experimentally obtained SNR data.
Formation of Polymer Wall Structure on Plastic Substrate by Transfer Method of Fluororesin for Flexible Liquid Crystal Displays (2018)

In this paper, we examined the transfer method of fluororesin as the novel formation method of polymer wall in order to realize the lattice-shaped polymer walls without patterned light irradiation using photomask. We clarified that the transfer method was effective for formation of polymer wall structure on flexible substrate.
Development of a polymeric piezoelectric C-block actuator using hybrid optimization technique (1996)

Peer Reviewed
Transitions in metabolic and immune systems from pre-menopause to post-menopause: implications for age-associated neurodegenerative diseases (2020)

The brain undergoes two aging programs: chronological and endocrinological. This is particularly evident in the female brain, which undergoes programs of aging associated with reproductive competency. Comprehensive understanding of the dynamic metabolic and neuroinflammatory aging process in the female brain can illuminate windows of opportunities to promote healthy brain aging. Bioenergetic crisis and chronic low-grade inflammation are hallmarks of brain aging and menopause and have been implicated as a unifying factor causally connecting genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss metabolic phenotypes of pre-menopausal, peri-menopausal, and post-menopausal aging and their consequent impact on the neuroinflammatory profile during each transition state. A critical aspect of the aging process is the dynamic metabolic neuro-inflammatory profiles that emerge during chronological and endocrinological aging. These dynamic systems of biology are relevant to multiple age-associated neurodegenerative diseases and provide a therapeutic framework for prevention and delay of neurodegenerative diseases of aging. While these findings are based on investigations of the female brain, they have a broader fundamental systems of biology strategy for investigating the aging male brain. Molecular characterization of alterations in fuel utilization and neuroinflammatory mechanisms during these neuro-endocrine transition states can inform therapeutic strategies to mitigate the risk of Alzheimer's disease in women. We further discuss a precision hormone replacement therapy approach to target symptom profiles during endocrine and chronological aging to reduce risk for age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Activation of Serotonin 5-HT7 Receptors Modulates Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity by Stimulation of Adenylate Cyclases and Rescues Learning and Behavior in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome (2018)

We have previously demonstrated that activation of serotonin 5-HT<sub>7</sub> receptors (5-HT<sub>7</sub>R) reverses metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated long term depression (mGluR-LTD) in the hippocampus of wild-type (WT) and <i>Fmr1</i> Knockout (KO) mice, a model of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) in which mGluR-LTD is abnormally enhanced. Here, we have investigated intracellular mechanisms underlying the effect of 5-HT<sub>7</sub>R activation using patch clamp on hippocampal slices. Furthermore, we have tested whether <i>in vivo</i> administration of LP-211, a selective 5-HT<sub>7</sub>R agonist, can rescue learning and behavior in <i>Fmr1</i> KO mice. In the presence of an adenylate cyclase blocker, mGluR-LTD was slightly enhanced in WT and therefore the difference between mGluR-LTD in WT and <i>Fmr1</i> KO slices was no longer present. Conversely, activation of adenylate cyclase by either forskolin or Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) completely reversed mGluR-LTD in WT and <i>Fmr1</i> KO. 5-HT<sub>7</sub>R activation reversed mGluR-LTD in WT and corrected exaggerated mGluR-LTD in <i>Fmr1</i> KO; this effect was abolished by blockade of either adenylate cyclase or protein kinase A (PKA). Exposure of hippocampal slices to LP-211 caused an increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), an intracellular effector involved in mGluR-LTD, in WT mice. Conversely, this effect was barely detectable in <i>Fmr1</i> KO mice, suggesting that 5-HT<sub>7</sub>R-mediated reversal of mGluR-LTD does not require ERK stimulation. Finally, an acute <i>in vivo</i> administration of LP-211 improved novel object recognition (NOR) performance in WT and <i>Fmr1</i> KO mice and reduced stereotyped behavior in <i>Fmr1</i> KO mice. Our results indicate that mGluR-LTD in WT and <i>Fmr1</i> KO slices is bidirectionally modulated in conditions of either reduced or enhanced cAMP formation. Activation of 5-HT<sub>7</sub> receptors reverses mGluR-LTD by activation of the cAMP/PKA intracellular pathway. Importantly, a systemic administration of a 5-HT<sub>7</sub>R agonist to <i>Fmr1</i> KO mice corrected learning deficits and repetitive behavior. We suggest that selective 5-HT<sub>7</sub>R agonists might become novel pharmacological tools for FXS therapy.
Simulated Annealing and Combinatorial Optimization (1986)

We formulate a class of adaptive heuristics for combinatorial optimization. Recently proposed methods such as simulated annealing, probabilistic hill climbing, and sequence heuristics, as well as classical perturbation methods are all members of this class of adaptive heuristics. We expose the issues involved in using an adaptive heuristic in general, and simulated annealing, probabilistic hill climbing, and sequence heuristics in particular. These issues are investigated experimentally.
Antibiotic Substances from Basidiomycetes (1950)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver Coordination Compounds with Antimicrobial Properties. (2014)

Abstract Review: 34 refs.
Radial basis function-generated finite differences solution of natural convection problem in 3D (2020)

The goal of the paper is to present the complete meshless solution procedure, i.e. without meshing or using the regular nodes in any part of the solution procedure, for a thermo-fluid problem governed by Navier-Stokes and heat equations. The core of the solution procedure is an approximation of differential operators with Radial basis function-generated finite differences (RBF- FD) meshless method, iterative pressure-velocity coupling, and implicit time stepping. The flexibility of the presented solution procedure and its implementation is demonstrated by solving a natural convection problem in 2D and 3D irregular domains on scattered nodes. The results, presented in terms of maximal cross-section velocities, are compared against available published data, with good agreement achieved.
Moderate Deviations and Invariance Principles for Sample Average Approximations (2023)

202409 bcch
Application of carborundum abrasion for investigating the leaf epidermis: molecular cloning of Catharanthus roseus 16‐hydroxytabersonine‐16‐O‐methyltransferase (2007)

The Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) produces the well-known and remarkably complex anti-cancer dimeric alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine that are derived from the coupling of vindoline and catharanthine monomers. This study describes the novel application of a carborundum abrasion (CA) technique for large-scale isolation of leaf epidermis-enriched proteins in order to purify to apparent homogeneity 16-hydroxytabersonine-16-O-methyltransferase (16OMT), which catalyses the second of six steps in the conversion of tabersonine into vindoline, and to clone the gene. Functional expression and biochemical characterization of recombinant 16OMT demonstrated its very narrow substrate specificity and high affinity for 16-hydroxytabersonine. In addition to allowing the cloning of this gene, the CA technique clearly showed that 16OMT is predominantly expressed in Catharanthus leaf epidermis. The results provide compelling evidence that most of the pathway for vindoline biosynthesis, including the O-methylation of 16-hydroxytabersonine, occurs exclusively in the leaf epidermis, with subsequent steps occurring in other leaf cell types.
Selection of Forging Equipment (2005)

Abstract This article discusses the significant factors in the selection of forging equipment for a particular process. It describes the characteristics of forging hydraulic presses, mechanical presses, screw presses, and hammers. The article discusses the significant characteristics of these machines that comprise all machine design and performance data, which are pertinent to the economic use of the machines, including the characteristics for load and energy, time-related characteristics, and characteristics for accuracy.
Near-infrared Light Device Can Improve Intravenous Cannulation in Critically Ill Children (2013)

The use of a near-infrared light vein-viewing device for vascular access in critically ill children can decrease the total medical time and cost.
Total Synthesis of (±)-Kadsurenin M† (1998)

The first total synthesis of racemic kadsurenin M was accomplished starting from vanillin via a key intermediate 3,4-dimethoxycinnamyl 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl ether.
Bioceramics: Processing Routes and Mechanical Evaluation. (2002)

An improved understanding of currently used bioceramics in human implants and in bone replacement materials could contribute significantly to the design of new generation prostheses and post-operative patient management strategies. Overall, the benefits of advanced ceramic materials in biomedical applications have been universally appreciated, specifically, in terms of their strength, biocompatibility and wear resistance. However, the amount of supporting data is not large and the continuous development of new characterization tools is pertinent for better understanding of the microstructure-properties relationship and in general for obtaining new directives for their further improvement. This paper gives an overview and re-examines key-issues which concern both processing and applications of ceramics as biomaterials. With doing this, we attempt to bring to the attention of the ceramic community the issues in current bioceramics.
Particle-Based Optical Sensing of Intracellular Ions at the Example of Calcium - What Are the Experimental Pitfalls? (2014)

Colloidal particles with fluorescence read-out are commonly used as sensors for the quantitative determination of ions. Calcium, for example, is a biologically highly relevant ion in signaling, and thus knowledge of its spatio-temporal distribution inside cells would offer important experimental data. However, the use of particle-based intracellular sensors for ion detection is not straightforward. Important associated problems involve delivery and intracellular location of particle-based fluorophores, crosstalk of the fluorescence read-out with pH, and spectral overlap of the emission spectra of different fluorophores. These potential problems are outlined and discussed here with selected experimental examples. Potential solutions are discussed and form a guideline for particle-based intracellular imaging of ions.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions with and in Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride. Part 7. From Isopropylidene Sugars to Acylated Pyranosyl and Furanosyl Fluorides in One Step. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Anchoring Si nanoparticles to carbon nanofibers: an efficient procedure for improving Si performance in Li batteries (2010)

Carbon fibers obtained by pyrolysis of tailored resorcinol/formaldehyde polymer particles were used to anchor Si nanoparticles at their surface. The carbonization process, carried out at 1000 °C under nitrogen, induced strong interactions between Si particles and the carbon matrix through a thick amorphous silicon oxide layer as revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Therefore, the actual composition of the composites was Si/SiOx/C (fibers). Component contents were determined from thermogravimetric measurements (TG) made under oxygen. The composites delivered specific capacities as high as 2500 mA h gSi−1 at rather high current densities (500 mA gsi−1) and exhibited good capacity retention on cycling. By contrast, a mixture of pristine Si nanoparticles and carbon nanofibers performed considerably worse, their capacity fading abruptly with cycling. The improved performance of composites is ascribed to a combination of the properties of the amorphous SiOx layer, and the texture and morphological properties of carbon, increasing the electrode conductivity and buffering Si expansion and shrinkage during Li insertion and deinsertion.
Identification of Arg-12 in the active site of Escherichia coli K1 CMP-sialic acid synthetase (1999)

Escherichia coli K1 CMP-sialic acid synthetase catalyses the synthesis of CMP-sialic acid from CTP and sialic acid. The active site of the 418 amino acid E. coli enzyme was localized to its N-terminal half. The bacterial CMP-sialic acid synthetase enzymes have a conserved motif, IAIIPARXXSKGLXXKN, at their N-termini. Several basic residues have been identified at or near the active site of the E. coli enzyme by chemical modification and site-directed mutagenesis. Only one of the lysines in the N-terminal motif, Lys-21, appears to be essential for activity. Mutation of Lys-21 in the N-terminal motif results in an inactive enzyme. Furthermore, Arg-12 of the N-terminal motif appears to be an active-site residue, based on the following evidence. Substituting Arg-12 with glycine or alanine resulted in inactive enzymes, indicating that this residue is required for enzymic activity. The Arg-12-->Lys mutant was partially active, demonstrating that a positive charge is required at this site. Steady-state kinetic analysis reveals changes in k(cat), K(m) and K(s) for CTP, which implicates Arg-12 in catalysis and substrate binding.
Efficacy of SPK-843, a Novel Polyene Antifungal, in Comparison with Amphotericin B, Liposomal Amphotericin B, and Micafungin against Murine Pulmonary Aspergillosis (2008)

SPK-843, a new polyene antifungal, exhibited dose-dependent efficacy on murine pulmonary aspergillosis models. SPK-843 doses of higher than 1.0 mg/kg of body weight exhibited no renal toxicities and a tendency toward better survival prolongation than the estimated maximum tolerated doses of amphotericin B (Fungizone) (1.0 mg/kg) and liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) (8.0 mg/kg).
Experimental Validation of a High-G Centrifuge System using an Advanced Wireless Human Dummy (2022)

High-G Centrifuge Systems (HCSs) are valuable tools for training aircrews and research on aviation medicine. Providing a safe and controlled environment, they are an enabler for protecting aircrews and air assets. Despite their vast applications, development of a human-rated HCS is a costly and challenging engineering project. One of the most critical steps in the development of HCSs is the experimental validation. This step has not received enough attention within the published research. This study reports evaluation and validation of an operational HCS located in the Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI) at Deakin University, Australia. The system, owning a low-cost structure with an effective arm length of over 5m, is capable of generating a maximum sustained acceleration of 9G with an onset rate of 5G/sec. The experimental validation of system is implemented using an Advanced Wireless Human Dummy (AWHD) which is fully instrumented. The results of experimental validation show that the system can reliably generate the reference centripetal acceleration with lowest error at the human spine location.
GAGE, an Antiapoptotic Protein Binds and Modulates the Expression of Nucleophosmin/B23 and Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 (2009)

The GAGE family of highly related tumor antigens is expressed in a variety of tumors. This albeit silent gene expression resulted in resistance of cells to various apoptotic agents such as Fas, interferon-gamma, Taxol, or gamma-radiation. We now report that GAGE overexpression in either HeLa (expressing endogenous GAGE) or HEK293 (devoid of GAGE expression) rendered those cells unsusceptible to cell death induced by IFN-gamma. We investigated the underlying mechanism of GAGE-induced cell survival upon treatment with IFN-gamma in this report. We showed that GAGE overexpression resulted in down-regulation of a key player of IFN-gamma-signaling pathway, interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), and its target genes caspase-1 and caspase-7. An interaction between GAGE and IRF1 is detected in cells. Furthermore, GAGE interacted with a multifunctional protein nucleophosmin (NPM)/B23 and increased its abundance by stabilizing the protein. Increased level of NPM/B23 in conjunction with decreased level of IRF1 could aid GAGE-induced resistance to IFN-gamma. Our results suggest that GAGE could rescue cell death induced by IFN-gamma by altering the level of key players in cell death pathways. As GAGE is silent in most healthy tissues, targeting GAGE could result in therapeutic interventions in cancer therapy.
Recent Activities in Silicon Hydride Research in Europe (2011)

Silicon hydrides have potential for chemical propulsion of hypersonic vehicles and for various other applications such as the semiconductor industry. Research activity in Europe in these fields is increasing, and various activities have recently been finished, are on-going or planned. It is reported on a range of these projects, the results of which continue to increase the attractiveness of silanes for hypersonic propulsion applications, for example in combination with liquid hydrocarbon fuels as a liquid, hypergolic hydrocarbon/silicon hydride scramjet fuel blend.
Enzyme-Based Logic: OR Gate with Double-Sigmoid Filter Response (2012)

The first realization of a biomolecular OR gate function with double-sigmoid response (sigmoid in both inputs) is reported. Two chemical inputs activate the enzymatic gate processes, resulting in the output signal: chromogen oxidation, which occurs when either one of the inputs or both are present (corresponding to the OR binary function), and can be optically detected. High-quality gate functioning in handling of sources of noise is enabled by "filtering" involving pH control with an added buffer. The resulting gate response is sigmoid in both inputs when proper system parameters are chosen, and the gate properties are theoretically analyzed within a model devised to evaluate its noise-handling properties.
INSTANTANEOUS CORRELATION ANALYSIS BASED ON REAL-SIGNAL WAVELETS (2014)

Modern society uses a variety of vehicles for transport. While these vehicles are often indispensable to their users, they can also generate unpleasant noise. The field of signal measurements and design of engine sound require that analyzing the correlation of signals among each observation points and extracting the objective components of signal since they cannot be detected with ordinary measuring instruments. In the view of analysis, the frequency analysis is widely used in sound and vibration analysis, but is not always effective in the analysis of non-stationary sounds. Stationary signals can be analyzed the correlation between them using a coherence function, but this method cannot be used for time-varying signals. To solve these problems, we proposed a method that uses an Instantaneous Correlation Function (ICF) that can analyze time-varying signals in time-frequency analysis based on the real-signal wavelet. We also introduced the idea of limiting the bandwidth using filters to improve the precision of our method and applied this method to the running sounds of a motorcycle and the of ship’s interior noise to clarify the signal correlation of the components of the engine. As a result, it was possible to observe the running condition relating to the engine sound buried in the noisy environment effectively. This will contribute to the sound design of the engine sounds, separation of sound sources and active noise control.
Seasonality and Return Periods of Landfalling Atlantic Basin Hurricanes (2000)

This paper studies the annual arrival cycle and return period properties of landfalling Atlantic Basin hurricanes. A non‐homogeneous Poisson process with a periodic intensity function is used to model the annual cycle of hurricane arrival times. Wind speed and central pressure return periods and non‐encounter probabilities are estimated by combining the Poisson arrival model with extreme value peaks‐over‐threshold methods. The data used in this study contain all Atlantic Basin hurricanes that have made landfall in the contiguous United States during the years 1935–98 inclusive.