gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time measurement of phloem turgor pressure in Hevea brasiliensis with a modified cell pressure probe (2014)

The phloem turgor pressure probe is a reliable technique for measuring the real-time variation of phloem turgor pressures in H. brasiliensis. The technique could probably be extended to the accurate measurement of phloem turgor pressure in other woody plants which is essential to test the Münch theory and to investigate the phloem water relationship and turgor pressure regulation.
Development of Biopulping Process with Cellulolytic Activity Suppressed Coriolus hirsutus (2005)

地球温暖化防止の観点から省エネルギーの重要性が高まっているが, 王子製紙では, 「王子製紙環境憲章」を制定し, 広く地球的視点に立って, 環境と調和した企業活動を維持発展させるため活動を進めてきている。その一つとして, バイオ技術を応用したパルプ製造方法, バイオパルピングの開発に取り組んできている。バイオパルピングは, パルプ製造の前工程に, 木材チップ上に白色腐朽菌を生育させ, リグニンを部分的に分解させることにより, パルプ製造工程における省エネルギー化, 省薬品化を行う技術である。我々は, リグニン分解力が強く, 生育温度が高い, 白色腐朽菌アラゲカワラタケを, バイオパルピングのために用いてきている。今回の実験では, 紙力への好ましくない影響のあるセルロース分解活性の抑制を, 高効率の形質転換系を用いて試みた。微生物は, 複数の酵素によりセルロースを分解しているため, これらの酵素活性を同時に抑制することが好ましい。このために, アラゲカワラタケのセルロース分解に関与する複数の遺伝子のクローニングを行った後, これらの遺伝子をタンデムに連結したアンチセンス発現プラスミドを作製し, 形質転換を行った。この結果, 複数のセルロース分解活性を抑制した形質転換体を取得することができた。この形質転換体により, 木材チップを前処理した結果, 蒸解性は向上するが, 紙力が損なわれなかった。また, リグニン分解酵素のプロモーターを, セルロース分解酵素由来に改変することで, セルロース存在下で, リグニン分解活性の生産性が向上することが示された。これらのことから, 今回用いた手法が, 白色腐朽菌のリグニン分解の選択性を向上させ, バイオパルピングを行う上での有効な手法であることが示された。
Packet labeling technique using electronic code-division multiple-access for WDM packet-based access networks (2006)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of a packet labeling technique using electronic code-division multiple-access for a wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) packet-based access network, whereby each wavelength is assigned a unique electronic code-based label on a radio-frequency subcarrier. Such a technique allows individual wavelength channels to be electronically identified without requiring the use of a WDM demultiplexer. We experimentally demonstrate this technique with two WDM channels each with 1.25-Gb/s payload data and 10-Mb/s header coded onto an electronic code at 160 Mb/s. The experimental results and theoretical analysis show that this technique has the potential to support large numbers of WDM channels.
Dysbiosis of Intestinal Microbiota and Decreased Antimicrobial Peptide Level in Paneth Cells during Hypertriglyceridemia-Related Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis in Rats (2017)

Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) aggravates the course of acute pancreatitis (AP). Intestinal barrier dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of AP during which dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota contributes to the dysfunction in intestinal barrier. However, few studies focus on the changes in intestine during HTG-related acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). Here, we investigated the changes in intestinal microbiota and Paneth cell antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in HTG-related ANP (HANP) in rats. Rats fed a high-fat diet to induce HTG and ANP was induced by retrograde injection of 3.5% sodium taurocholate into biliopancreatic duct. Rats were sacrificed at 24 and 48 h, respectively. Pancreatic and ileal injuries were evaluated by histological scores. Intestinal barrier function was assessed by plasma diamine oxidase activity and D-lactate level. Systemic and intestinal inflammation was evaluated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-17A expression. 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing was used to investigate changes in intestinal microbiota diversity and structure. AMPs (α-defensin5 and lysozyme) expression was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunofluorescence. The results showed that compared with those of normal-lipid ANP (NANP) groups, the HANP groups had more severe histopathological injuries in pancreas and distal ileum, aggravated intestinal barrier dysfunction and increased TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-17A expression in plasma and distal ileum. Principal component analysis showed structural segregation between the HANP and NANP group. α-Diversity estimators in the HANP group revealed decreased microbiota diversity compared with that in NANP group. Taxonomic analysis showed dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota structure. In the HANP group, at phyla level, <i>Candidatus_Saccharibacteria</i> and Tenericutes decreased significantly, whereas Actinobacteria increased. At genus level, <i>Allobaculum</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, and <i>Parasutterella</i> increased significantly, while <i>Alloprevotella</i>, <i>Anaerotruncus</i>, <i>Candidatus_Saccharimonas</i>, <i>Christensenellaceae_R-7_group</i>, <i>Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group</i>, <i>Ruminiclostridium_5</i>, <i>Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005</i>, and <i>Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014</i> decreased. Compared with those in the NANP rats, mRNA expression of lysozyme and α-defensin5 and protein expression of lysozyme decreased significantly in the HANP rats. Moreover, in the NANP rats and the HANP rats, <i>Allobaculum</i> abundance was inversely correlated with lysozyme expression, while <i>Anaerotruncus</i> abundance was positively correlated with it by Spearman test. In conclusion, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and decreased AMPs of Paneth cells might participate in the pathogenesis of intestinal barrier dysfunction in HANP.
Biogenesis, Processing and Function of miRNA in Plants and Animals (2011)

In RTBV, the genome consists of four Open reading frames (ORFs, Figure 1). Of the four, ORF I, II and IV potentially encode proteins of molecular weights of 12, 24 and 46 kDa, whereas ORF III encodes a potential protein of molecular weight 194 kDa, P194 (Qu et al. 1991, Hay et al. 1991). Only the 194 kDa protein shows homology in the derived amino acid sequence to other proteins, mainly from retroviruses and caulimoviruses (Hay et al. 1991, Covey, 1986, Qu et al. 1991, Kano et al. 1992). The analysis of the amino acid sequence of purifi ed CP has shown that it is encoded by the P194. ORF IV of RTBV is absent in other badnaviruses and exists only in RTBV (Qu et al. 1991).
Folding differential capacitive accelerometer made of LTCC (2016)

Low Temperature Co-firing Ceramic (LTCC) technology is the mainstream of passive integrated packaging/assembly integration technology because of the high temperature and bad environment resistance. This paper reports the folding differential capacitive accelerometer based on LTCC. This device consists of covers top and down, a round box and sensitive mass block which fit together by four elastic cantilever beams. As we know, folding is the most ideal structure among the single direction accelerometers; According to the ANSYS simulation results, it has ideal modal response and frequency response so that the mechanism design is reasonable; The device adopts the round box and cover the body up and down, we use the auxiliary bonding way to solve the technical problems; The chip MS3110 with detection circuit transform from capacitance signal to voltage. This paper discusses the design and technology, detecting circuit and performance testing of micro mechanical LTCC accelerometer. According to the result of index head test, the device presents excellent linearity between -1 to +1 acceleration of gravity under static condition, and the sensitivity is about 25mv/g.
Warm mixtures : State of art and experiences in France : Technical and environmental approaches (2009)

In a political context in which energy and environmental stakes become increasingly strong, road engineering evolves to energy saving and environmentally friendly practices. This trend has led up to the development of warm and half warm mixtures which appear as suitable techniques. In this paper, after a summary of the existing techniques, the results of the experiments and experiences carried out in France since 2004 on these techniques are presented. The main processes and types of materials used in France are described as well as the mixtures mechanical performances obtained with the industrial processes. Environmental aspects are studied, both in the laboratory and on the worksite. All the results regarding performances, energy consumption and environmental indicators are encouraging for these techniques. However further surveys are needed to complement the environmental data already obtained and to asses the long-term behaviour.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Identification of a central role for complement in osteoarthritis. (2012)

Osteoarthritis, characterized by the breakdown of articular cartilage in synovial joints, has long been viewed as the result of 'wear and tear'. Although low-grade inflammation is detected in osteoarthritis, its role is unclear. Here we identify a central role for the inflammatory complement system in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Through proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of synovial fluids and membranes from individuals with osteoarthritis, we find that expression and activation of complement is abnormally high in human osteoarthritic joints. Using mice genetically deficient in complement component 5 (C5), C6 or the complement regulatory protein CD59a, we show that complement, specifically, the membrane attack complex (MAC)-mediated arm of complement, is crucial to the development of arthritis in three different mouse models of osteoarthritis. Pharmacological modulation of complement in wild-type mice confirmed the results obtained with genetically deficient mice. Expression of inflammatory and degradative molecules was lower in chondrocytes from destabilized joints from C5-deficient mice than C5-sufficient mice, and MAC induced production of these molecules in cultured chondrocytes. Further, MAC colocalized with matrix metalloprotease 13 (MMP13) and with activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) around chondrocytes in human osteoarthritic cartilage. Our findings indicate that dysregulation of complement in synovial joints has a key role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. PMID: 22057346 Funding information This work was supported by: NIAMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: K08 AR057859-02 NIAMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 AR051749 NIDDK NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: R01 DK076690 NIAMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: K08 AR057859 NHLBI NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: N01 HV028183 NIAMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: T32 AR007530 NINDS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: NS069375 More Less keyboard_arrow_down
Amorphous Alumina Nanoparticles: Structure, Surface Energy, and Thermodynamic Phase Stability (2013)

To provide a complete picture of the energy landscape of Al2O3 at the nanoscale, we directed this study toward understanding the energetics of amorphous alumina (a-Al2O3). a-Al2O3 nanoparticles were obtained by condensation from gas phase generated through laser evaporation of α-Al2O3 targets in pure oxygen at25 Pa. As-deposited nanopowders were heat-treated at different temperatures up to 600 °C to provide powders with surface areas of 670–340 m2/g. The structure of the samples was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results indicate that the microstructure consists of aggregated 3–5 nm nanoparticles that remain amorphous to temperatures as high as 600 °C. The structure consists of a network of AlO4, AlO5, and AlO6 polyhedra, with AlO5 being the most abundant species. The presence of water molecules on the surfaces was confirmed by mass spectrometry of the gases evolved on heating the samples under vacuum. A combination of BET surface-area measurements, water adsorption calorimetry, and high-temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry was employed for thermodynamic analysis. By linear fit of the measured excess enthalpy of the nanoparticles as a function of surface area, the surface energy of a-Al2O3 was determined to be 0.97 ± 0.04 J/m2. We conclude that the lower surface energy of a-Al2O3 compared with crystalline polymorphs γ- and α-Al2O3 makes this phase the most energetically stable phase at surface areas greater than 370 m2/g.
Synthesis, Characterization, Photoluminescence, and Simulations of a CCC-NHC-Supported Pt2Ag2 Mixed-Metal Cluster Containing a PtAg2 Metallacyclopropane (2013)

The pincer CCC-bis(NHC)-supported Pt(II) complex 2, (1,3-bis(N-((trimethylsilyl)methyl)imidazol-2-ylidene)-2-phenylene)chloroplatinum(II), was prepared and was reacted with excess or stoichiometric silver(I) trifluoroacetate. The reaction with excess yielded the Pt2Ag2 cluster 3, which to our knowledge contains the first unsymmetrically substituted example of a PtAg2 metallacyclopropane, as revealed by X-ray crystallography. A distorted-octahedral configuration was also found in the coordination sphere of one of the silver atoms. Multiple weak hydrogen bonds (WHB) including C–H···O, C–H···F, and C–F···π interactions were identified in the lattice of cluster 3. The unique structure of cluster 3 was simulated using density functional theory (DFT), which revealed that it was thermodynamically favored over the more expected configurations. The stoichiometric reaction with Ag(OCCF3) afforded the simple ligand exchange product (1,3-bis(N-((trimethylsilyl)methyl)imidazol-2-ylidene)-2-phenylene)(trifluoroacetato)platinum(II) (4). The reaction of stoichiometric or excess AgOAc afforded only the monomeric product of simple ligand metathesis, (1,3-bis(N-((trimethylsilyl)methyl)imidazol-2-ylidene)-2-phenylene)(acetato)platinum(II) (5). This observation is consistent with the hypothesis that the weak hydrogen bond network and the increased Lewis acidity of Ag(OCCF3) are significant contributors to the structure of cluster 3. The photophysical properties of complexes 2–5 have been investigated. The emission color of the solution of cluster 3 was found to be concentration dependent.
Absent or Mild Coronary Calcium Predicts Low-Risk Stress Test Results and Outcomes in Patients Considered for Flecainide Therapy (2021)

An easily administered, inexpensive, low radiation CAC scan can identify a subset of flecainide candidates with a low ischemic burden on PET stress testing that rarely needs coronary angiography/intervention and has favorable outcomes. Absent or mild CAC-burden combined with other clinical information may avoid or complement routine stress testing. However, additional, ideally randomized and multicenter trials are indicated to confirm these findings before replacing stress testing with CAC screening in selecting patients for flecainide therapy in clinical practice.
Once daily application of a combination of calcipotriol and betamethasone dipropionate (Dovobet, Daivobet) for the treatment of psoriasis. (2003)

This new compound product containing 50 micrograms/gram calcipotriol and 0.5 milligrams/gram betamethasone dipropionate was recently introduced in Canada for the treatment of psoriasis. Clinical trials demonstrated that this compound was more active than either agent used alone. Recent changes in the product monograph involving the reduction in dose to once daily use has raised questions about the relevance of some previous comparisons of twice daily Dovobet. Pooling the available data from 5,500 patients in clinical trials for Dovobet will allow an inter-trial comparison of the various treatment arms, demonstrating that Dovobet, when applied once daily is significantly more effective than with twice daily applications of either its individual components used alone.
Surface Sites of Pd/CeO2/Al2O3 Catalysts in the Partial Oxidation of Propane (2003)

Propane oxidation was studied on a Pd-supported Al2O3 catalyst promoted by ceria, when this ceria was first grafted as a monolayer over alumina. The reaction proceeded under different feed conditions, and the surface sites were identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in a pretreatment chamber and then compared to temperature-programmed desorption, temperature-programmed surface reaction (TPSR), and catalytic results, in the presence and absence of water. Stable catalyst performance was achieved in experiments after 20 h with time on stream, to get reliable data for further interpretation. This observation is true for all reaction conditions, with reducing, stoichiometric, or excess oxygen content in the reaction feed. The Pd/CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst is less active for oxidation at low temperatures but suddenly becomes very active at high temperatures. However, in the case of the latter, large quantities of H2 were released, which suggests a drastic change in selectivity. TPSR results showed that the presence of CeO2 affected the oxidation, inhibiting the reaction as well as the re-forming in the first domain. But the combination of both was beneficial in terms of higher H2 production. XPS results showed that the catalysts containing CeO2 form the highest oxidation state palladium species, probably PdO2 (338 eV), after the oxidation of propane. From these results it is suggested that besides the Pd0/PdO interface, which are active sites for propane oxidation, the Pd0/PdO2 sites also favor the selective oxidation toward re-forming.
Large modulation of critical currents in high T/sub c/ superconducting field-effect (SUFET) devices (1993)

Various properties of ultrathin YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ (YBCO) films used in superconducting field effect devices have been shown to vary as a function of the applied gate voltage, i.e., by variation of the areal charge carrier density N. In the present work, the authors have investigated the behavior of the critical current density, J/sub c/, in these devices. In 5-8-nm-thick YBCO films in such devices, J/sub c/ (T=4 K, B=0 T, 1 mu V/mm criterion) of up to 4*10/sup 5/ A/cm/sup 2/ has been observed. By applying moderate gate voltages(<30 V), J/sub c/ can be suppressed by up to 90%. An empirical description of the functional dependence J/sub c/(T,B,N) is given. Examination of the I-V characteristics yields V=a*I/sup alpha /, with alpha dependent on the gate voltage. The data are discussed in terms of the relative importance of field-induced depinning, thermal fluctuations, and pure geometrical effects.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Surprising Antibacterial Activity and Selectivity of Hydrophilic Polyphosphoniums Featuring Sugar and Hydroxy Substituents (2018)

Abstract There is currently an urgent need for the development of new antibacterial agents to combat the spread of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. We explored the synthesis and antibacterial activities of novel, sugar‐functionalized phosphonium polymers. While these compounds exhibited antibacterial activity, we unexpectedly found that the control polymer poly(tris(hydroxypropyl)vinylbenzylphosphonium chloride) showed very high activity against both Gram‐negative Escherichia coli and Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus and very low haemolytic activity against red blood cells. These results challenge the conventional wisdom in the field that lipophilic alkyl substituents are required for high antibacterial activity and opens prospects for new classes of antibacterial polymers.
Maximum Likelihood Constraint Inference from Stochastic Demonstrations (2021)

When an expert operates a safety-critical dynamic system, constraint information is tacitly contained in their demonstrated trajectories and controls. These constraints can be inferred by modeling the system and operator as a constrained Markov Decision Process and finding which constraint is most likely to generate the demonstrated controls. Prior constraint inference work has focused mainly on deterministic dynamics. Stochastic dynamics, however, can capture the uncertainty inherent to real applications and the risk tolerance that requires.This paper extends maximum likelihood constraint inference to stochastic applications by using maximum causal entropy likelihoods. Furthermore, this extension does not come at increased computational cost, as we derive an algorithm that computes constraint likelihood and risk tolerance in a unified Bellman backup, thereby keeping the same computational complexity.
Genetic and Transcriptomic Variation Linked to Neutrophil Granulocyte–Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Signaling in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease (2018)

Low/normal neutrophil-intrinsic GM-CSF signaling is associated with CSF2RA missense mutations, alterations in gene expression networks, and higher rates of disease complications in pediatric CD.
Impact of drone swarm formations in 3D scene reconstruction (2016)

Swarms of unmanned autonomous vehicles adopt effective algorithms to control their localization and formation. These strategies grant safe and collision-free navigation, control the positioning of drones, and automatize their motion according to the final task. This paper investigates how formations affect the reconstruction accuracy of a swarm of drones patrolling a 3D environment. Considering that the swarm configuration is significantly constrained by the geometry of the scene, experimental results show that it is possible to overcome the limitations of an ineffective configuration by exploiting camera-in-view side information.
Three-Axis Lorentz-Force Magnetic Sensor for Electronic Compass Applications (2012)

A low-power microelectromechanical-systems (MEMS) three-axis Lorentz-force magnetic sensor is presented. The sensor detects magnetic field in two axes with a single MEMS structure. Three-axis sensing is performed using two perpendicular structures on the same die. The MEMS device is a micromechanical resonator, and sensing is conducted using excitation currents at the device's in-plane and out-of-plane mechanical resonant frequencies which are 20.55 and 46.96 kHz, respectively. A die-level vacuum seal results in in-plane and out-of-plane mechanical quality factors of 1400 and 10000, current, the sensor's noise is equivalent to 137 nT/√Hz for the respectively. With 0.58 mW used to provide the two-axis excitation z-axis magnetic field inputs and 444 nT/√Hz for the x-and y-axis fields. For the z-axis field measurements, Brownian noise is the dominant noise component, while the xand y-axis field measurements are limited by the electronic noise in the discrete capacitive-sensing electronics. The major source of offset error is residual motion induced by electrostatic force. The offset is reduced to 14 μT using a dc compensation voltage applied to the MEMS structure to null the electrostatic force. After compensation, the offset stability is 400 nT with a 0.7-s averaging time.
Substituted coumarins and azacoumarins. Synthesis and fluorescent properties (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstituted coumarins and azacoumarins. Synthesis and fluorescent propertiesRonald L. Atkins and Dan E. BlissCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 10, 1975–1980Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00404a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00404a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2825Altmetric-Citations149LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts