gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HHT-Related Epistaxis and Pregnancy—A Retrospective Survey and Recommendations for Management from an Otorhinolaryngology Perspective (2022)

Appropriate management of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is of particular importance in females, as HHT-mediated modifications of the vascular bed and circulation are known to increase the risk of complications during pregnancy and delivery. This study was undertaken to evaluate female HHT patients' awareness of and experience with HHT during pregnancy and delivery, with a focus on epistaxis. In this retrospective study, 46 females (median age: 60 years) with confirmed HHT completed a 17-item questionnaire assessing knowledge of HHT and its pregnancy-associated complications, the severity of epistaxis during past pregnancies and deliveries, and the desire for better education and counselling regarding HHT and pregnancy. Results revealed that 85% of participants were unaware of their disease status prior to the completion of all pregnancies. Further, 91% reported no knowledge of increased pregnancy-related risk due to HHT. In regard to epistaxis, 61% of respondents reported experiencing nosebleeds during pregnancy. Finally, approximately a third of respondents suggested that receiving counseling on the risks of HHT in pregnancy could have been helpful. Findings suggest that awareness of HHT and its potential for increasing pregnancy-related risk is poor. Best practices in HHT management should be followed to minimize negative effects of the disorder.
Advantages of a Finite Extensible Nonlinear Elastic Potential in Lattice Boltzmann Simulations (2014)

Fluid Dynamics Commons, and the Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing Commons This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Hilltop Review by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact
Inhibitors of the mammalian target of rapamycin (2005)

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a downstream protein kinase of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase-Akt signalling pathway. As a result of its position within this pathway and its central role in controlling cellular growth, mTOR is viewed as an important target for anticancer therapeutics development. Currently, the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (sirolimus, Wyeth) and its derivatives temsirolimus (CCI-779, Wyeth), everolimus (RAD-001, Novartis Pharma AG) and AP-23573 (Ariad Pharmaceuticals) are being evaluated in cancer clinical trials. Preclinical studies suggest that sensitivity to mTOR inhibition may correlate with aberrant activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase pathway and/or with aberrant expression of cell-cycle regulatory or antiapoptotic proteins. Clinical trial results show that mTOR inhibitors are generally well tolerated and may induce prolonged stable disease and even tumour regressions in a subset of patients. Questions remain regarding optimal dose, schedule, patient selection and combination strategies for this novel class of agents.
Bacteriophage-antibiotic combination therapy for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: In vitro synergy testing (2022)

This study identifies novel bactericidal phage-antibiotic combinations capable of thwarting resistance development in MDR and XDR P. aeruginosa strains. Furthermore, phage-mediated OMV reduction is identified as a potential mechanism through which PAC potentiates bacterial killing.
Relationship between Change of Fresh-roasted Flavor and Titratable Acidity of Stored Ground Coffee. (1992)

我々は,製造業者としてコーヒー挽き豆製品の工程や流通上の管理のため単純な分析手段によってコーヒー挽き豆の風味を判断する方法について種々の検討を行ってきた.その結果として滴定酸度の経時的な変化と煎りたての風味との間に相関のあることを見出した.滴定酸度は電位差自動滴定機を用いた.官能試験は煎りたての豆を対照品として用い, 25℃保存, 37℃保存の挽き豆試料を評価した.コーヒー挽き豆の滴定酸度は保存日数により急激に低下し,一旦変化が無くなり,その後上昇した.煎りたての風味を維持できる期間は25℃では7日前後, 37℃では4日前後であり,これらの期間は滴定酸度の減少が停止する期間とほぼ一致した.コーヒーブリューの滴定酸度を測定することにより官能試験を代替することが可能と考える.
Early detection of transformation of plexiform neurofibromas to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in neurofibromatosis type 1. (2015)

TPS10083 Background: Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, is characterized by development of benign plexiform neurofibromas (PN) and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) that often develops from malignant transformation in a preexisting PN. Complete surgical resection is only curative treatment, making early detection of malignant transformation an important goal. A preliminary study by Meany et al [Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2013, 60(1): 59-64] using 18Fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) to identify concerning lesions, described high FDG uptake in both malignant and benign PN.18F-3´-fluoro-3´-deoxy-L-thymidine (FLT) PET measures cell cycling and proliferation. We hypothesize that FLT-PET may be more sensitive and specific in the identification of malignancy. This pilot study in NF1 patients with lesions concerning for MPNST will evaluate 1) feasibility of FLT-PET 2) ability of FLT-PET to distinguish benign from malignant and 3) perform comprehensive genomic analyses from tumor and blood samples. Methods: Trial design: Fifteen patients with NF1 and lesions concerning for malignant transformation are eligible. Patients undergo clinical evaluation of NF1 manifestations, whole body MRI with volumetric analysis of tumor burden, FDG and FLT-PET, guided biopsies of the concerning lesion and of adjacent presumably benign PN for detailed pathologic analysis. Germline blood samples, tissue samples from concerning lesion and surrounding presumably benign PN (Trios) will undergo genomic analysis. The reader of the PET studies will be blinded to the pathologic diagnosis. Exploratory statistical methods will be used to evaluate the differences in uptake between the two groups (FDG and FLT), followed by logistic regression to identify uptake values most associated with benign versus malignant classification. Clinical, imaging, histopathologic, and genomic features will be correlated in an exploratory fashion, to describe features associated with malignant transformation. This single institution trial (NCT02211768) is open for enrollment at the NCI, and has enrolled the first patient. Clinical trial information: NCT02211768.
On the impact of policing and rate guarantees in DiffServ networks (2001)

Over the past few years, there have been a number of proposals aimed at introducing different levels of service in the Internet. One of the more recent proposals is the Differentiated Services (Diff-Serv) architecture, and in this paper we explore how the policing actions and associated rate guarantees provided by the Expedited Forwarding (EF) translate into perceived benefits for applications that are the presumed users of such enhancements. Specifically, we focus on video streaming applications that arguably have relatively strong service quality requirements, and which should, therefore, stand to benefit from the availability of some form of enhanced service. Our goal is to gain a better understanding of the relation that exists between application level quality measures and the selection of the network level parameters that govern the delivery of the guarantees that an EF based service would provide. Our investigation, which is experimental in nature, relies on a number of standard streaming video servers and clients that have been modified and instrumented to allow quantification of the perceived quality of the received video stream. Quality assessments are performed using a Video Quality Measurement tool based on the ANSI objective quality standard. Measurements were made over both a local Diff-Serv testbed and across the QBone, a QoS enabled segment of the Internet2 infrastructure. The paper reports and analyzes the results of those measurements.
140 (2016)

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48(5S):p 20, May 2016. | DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000485071.18720.fc
Computation speeds of different optical thin-film synthesis methods (1992)

Several different thin-film design problems were solved by the comprehensive-search, gradual-evolution, minus-filter, flip-flop, and inverse-Fourier-transform, thin-film synthesis methods. In order to compare the relative effectiveness of each method, the results obtained and computation times required by these techniques for primary, intermediate, and final solutions are given.
A hybrid semantic discovery approach to capture concepts, attributes and relationships (2010)

Building ontology from scratch need identify the basic concepts, and their attributes and relationships. In terms of information integration, draft concepts, attributes and relationships can be directly captured by processing schemas of data sources. In this context, we present a hybrid semantic discovery approach, which is an extension of our previous work[1][2] to capture concepts, attributes and relationships from relative schemas. The approach consists of two stages: column oriented matching phase and schema oriented matching phase. Column oriented matching phase focuses on catching a set of attributes of potential concepts by schema columns similarity computing using a composite matcher, and columns clustering using neural network matcher. Schema oriented matching phase categorizes schemas (regarded as potential draft concepts) into clusters or explicit concepts, and attaches relative attributes to the concept through high-dimensional sparse clustering process, which computes the relationship or semantic distance between potential concepts by comparing the corresponding attributes set of each potential concept. The explicit concepts with attributes discovered by our approach can be used as draft material or seeds for further ontology modeling.
Bayesian multiple instance learning (2008)

We propose a novel Bayesian multiple instance learning (MIL) algorithm. This algorithm automatically identifies the relevant feature subset, and utilizes inductive transfer when learning multiple (conceptually related) classifiers. Experimental results indicate that the proposed MIL method is more accurate than previous MIL algorithms and selects a much smaller set of useful features. Inductive transfer further improves the accuracy of the classifier as compared to learning each task individually.
An Evaluation of Government Policies on Poverty Eradication: A Case Study of NAPEP in Ogbadibo LGA of Benue State (2016)

This study started with the foresight of the entire study comprising the introduction of the subject matter of the research work which is An Evaluation of Government Policies on Poverty Eradication. A case study of NAPEP in Ogbadibo LGA. In the review of literature, it was discovered that there are various opinions to the explanation of poverty in Nigeria. While some see poverty as the lack of basic amenities, others see poverty as poor investment in human capital on the whole; there was a convergence among different authors that Nigerians are poor. The survey study shows that the awareness level of NAPEP and her programmes are quite okay, but the implementation level remains very minimal in Ogbadibo LGA. Hypotheses were tested at 0.05 significance level with a degree of freedom (R - 1) (C - 1). The study revealed that National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP) has not impacted significantly on poverty reduction or eradication in Ogbadibo LGA. This conclusion was drawn from an empirical analysis using chi-square which led to rejecting the alternative hypothesis that National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP) has impacted significantly on poverty eradication in Ogbadibo LGA.
Differential effects of various VEGF isoforms on endothelial cells and Tenon fibroblasts (2011)

Abstract Purpose We have previously shown that VEGF plays an important role in scar formation after glaucoma surgery. To clarify the differential effects elicited by VEGF isoforms, we compared the biological responses and signaling pathways activated by the various isoforms on endothelial cells and Tenon fibroblasts in vitro. Methods VEGF‐R2 and neuropilin‐1 (NRP‐1) expression was analyzed on endothelial cells (HUVEC) and Tenon fibroblasts (TF) by RT‐PCR. The effect of different VEGF isoforms (VEGF189, VEGF165 and VEGF121) on HUVEC and TF proliferation was determined by WST‐1 assay. The extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) pathway was evaluated by TransAM c‐Myc assay. Results HUVEC showed a higher expression of VEGF‐R2 and NRP‐1 mRNA as compared to TF. VEGF189 only significantly increased the growth of TF, whereas VEGF165 only increased HUVEC proliferation. VEGF165 strongly binds VEGF‐R2 and NRP‐1. As such, the combined reduced expression of VEGF‐R2 and NRP‐1 on TF explained why VEGF165 was more potent in inducing proliferation of HUVEC as compared to TF. VEGF121 exerted significant proliferative effects on both cell types by binding VEGF‐R2. However, similar concentrations of VEGF121 stimulated HUVEC more than TF, due to the lower expression of VEGF‐R2 on TF. All these stimulating effects on proliferation were associated with an activation of the ERK pathway. Conclusion Our data indicate that VEGF165 and VEGF121 predominantly affect blood vessel growth, whereas VEGF189 may be more important in fibrosis. Selective inhibition of VEGF165 (pegaptanib) may therefore be less effective to reduce ocular scar formation than non‐selective VEGF‐inhibition (bevacizumab), presumably due to retained action of VEGF121 and VEGF189.
Crosstalk between CXCR4/ACKR3 and EGFR Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells (2022)

A better understanding of the complex crosstalk among key receptors and signaling pathways involved in cancer progression is needed to improve current therapies. We have investigated in cell models representative of the major subtypes of breast cancer (BC) the interplay between the chemokine CXCL12/CXCR4/ACKR3 and EGF receptor (EGFR) family signaling cascades. These cell lines display a high heterogeneity in expression profiles of CXCR4/ACKR3 chemokine receptors, with a predominant intracellular localization and different proportions of cell surface CXCR4+, ACKR3+ or double-positive cell subpopulations, and display an overall modest activation of oncogenic pathways in response to exogenous CXCL12 alone. Interestingly, we find that in MDA-MB-361 (luminal B subtype, Her2-overexpressing), but not in MCF7 (luminal A) or MDA-MB-231 (triple negative) cells, CXCR4/ACKR3 and EGFR receptor families share signaling components and crosstalk mechanisms to concurrently promote ERK1/2 activation, with a key involvement of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) signaling hub and the cytosolic tyrosine kinase Src. Our findings suggest that in certain BC subtypes, a relevant cooperation between CXCR4/ACKR3 and growth factor receptors takes place to integrate concurrent signals emanating from the tumor microenvironment and foster cancer progression.
Facile and General Synthesis of Polyphosphane Polyoxides with (O)PCP(O) Linkages (1999)

Polyphosphane polyoxides with (O)PCP(O) linkages are powerful chelating agents for extraction of actinides from nuclear wastes. They are obtained either by the Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction of chloromethylphosphane oxides and phosphorus(III) esters, or by the reaction of phosphane oxide carbanions with chlorophosphanes. With the latter method, the addition of a phosphane oxide carbanion in excess allowed us to overcome a transmetallation reaction and thereby obtain polyphosphane polyoxides in good yields. The 1H-NMR spectra of the PCH2P groups show the influence of the different R groups attached to the phosphorus atoms. We determined the coupling constants and the chemical shifts of these spin systems.
Specific Modification of Mitochondrial Protein Thiols in Response to Oxidative Stress (2002)

Mitochondria play a central role in redox-linked processes in the cell through mechanisms that are thought to involve modification of specific protein thiols, but this has proved difficult to assess. In particular, specific labeling and quantitation of mitochondrial protein cysteine residues have not been achieved due to the lack of reagents available that can be applied to the intact organelle or cell. To overcome these problems we have used a combination of mitochondrial proteomics and targeted labeling of mitochondrial thiols using a novel compound, (4-iodobutyl)triphenylphosphonium (IBTP). This lipophilic cation is accumulated by mitochondria and yields stable thioether adducts in a thiol-specific reaction. The selective uptake into mitochondria, due to the large membrane potential across the inner membrane, and the high pH of the matrix results in specific labeling of mitochondrial protein thiols by IBTP. Individual mitochondrial proteins that changed thiol redox state following oxidative stress could then be identified by their decreased reaction with IBTP and isolated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. We demonstrate the selectivity of IBTP labeling and use it to show that glutathione oxidation and exposure to an S-nitrosothiol or to peroxynitrite cause extensive redox changes to mitochondrial thiol proteins. In conjunction with blue native gel electrophoresis, we used IBTP labeling to demonstrate that thiols are exposed on the matrix faces of respiratory Complexes I, II, and IV. This novel approach enables measurement of the thiol redox state of individual mitochondrial proteins during oxidative stress and cell death. In addition the methodology has the potential to identify novel redox-dependent modulation of mitochondrial proteins.
The absolutely expedient nonlinear reinforcement schemes under the unknown multiteacher environment (1983)

Learning behaviours of variable-structure stochastic automata under a multiteacher environment are considered. The concepts of absolute expediency and ε-optimality in a single-teacher environment are extended by the introduction of an average weighted reward and are redefined for a multiteacher environment. As an extended form of the absolutely expedient learning algorithm, a general class of nonlinear learning algorithm, called the GAE scheme, is proposed as a reinforcement scheme in a multiteacher environment. It is shown that the GAE scheme is absolutely expedient and ε-optimal in the general <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> -teacher environment. Learning behaviours of the GAE scheme in various multiteacher environments are simulated by computer and the results indicate the effectiveness of the GAE scheme.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Plant roots sense soil compaction through restricted ethylene diffusion. (2021)

Soil compaction represents a major challenge for modern agriculture. Compaction is intuitively thought to reduce root growth by limiting the ability of roots to penetrate harder soils. We report that root growth in compacted soil is instead actively suppressed by the volatile hormone ethylene. We found that mutant Arabidopsis and rice roots that were insensitive to ethylene penetrated compacted soil more effectively than did wild-type roots. Our results indicate that soil compaction lowers gas diffusion through a reduction in air-filled pores, thereby causing ethylene to accumulate in root tissues and trigger hormone responses that restrict growth. We propose that ethylene acts as an early warning signal for roots to avoid compacted soils, which would be relevant to research into the breeding of crops resilient to soil compaction.Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. PMID: 33446554
Simulation of Photodetection Using FDTD Method with Application to Near-Field Subwavelength Imaging Based on Nanoscale Semiconductor Photodetector Array (2007)

Simulation of detecting photoelectrons using FDTD method with an application to near-field subwavelength imaging based on nanoscale semiconductor photodetector array is reported. Spatial distributions for the electric field and photoelectron density have been obtained and the photocurrents from the photoelectrons have been calculated for the nanoscale photodetector array. The resolution of this novel device for subwavelenegth imaging can be achieved down to one tenth of the operating wavelength, which is comparable to commercial near-field scanning optical microscope.
Interfacial Nonradiative Energy Transfer in Responsive Core−Shell Hydrogel Nanoparticles (2001)

Fluorescently labeled core-shell latex particles composed mainly of the thermoresponsive polymer poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (p-NIPAm) have been synthesized such that an energy transfer donor (phenanthrene) and an energy transfer acceptor (anthracene) are covalently localized in the core and shell, respectively. When the thermally induced particle deswelling is interrogated by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), a continuous (non-first order) phase transition is observed. Conversely, when the nonradiative energy transfer (NRET) efficiency is used to probe the collapse of these same particles, the phase transition event is observed to occur over a much smaller temperature range and approaches first-order (discontinuous) behavior. Furthermore, core-shell particles with differing shell thicknesses display identical phase transition temperatures when PCS is used to monitor the transition, while NRET measurements show a clear increase in collapse temperature as the shell thickness is increased. These apparently contradictory results are discussed in terms of a radial phase coexistence that exists in the microgel particles, which arises from a similarly radial inhomogeneity in the cross-linker concentration. The prospects for the NRET technique as a molecular-scale probe of nanostructured microgels are also discussed.
Serologic Screening before Endoscopy: The Value of Helicobacter pylori Serology, Serum Recognition of the CagA and VacA Proteins, and Serum Pepsinogen I (1999)

In patients with uncomplicated, simple dyspepsia up to 55 years of age, screening by H. pylori serology identified 95%-100% of patients with significant gastroduodenal lesions while potentially saving 46.9% of endoscopies. Serum recognition of the CagA protein identified 95% of lesions and would have saved an additional number of endoscopies (7.9%) compared with basic serology. Measurement of sPGI was of limited diagnostic value.
Response to Malnutrition Treatment in Low Weight-for-Age Children: Secondary Analyses of Children 6–59 Months in the ComPAS Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (2021)

Weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) is not currently an admission criterion to therapeutic feeding programs, and children with low WAZ at high risk of mortality may not be admitted. We conducted a secondary analysis of RCT data to assess response to treatment according to WAZ and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and type of feeding protocol given: a simplified, combined protocol for severe and moderate acute malnutrition (SAM and MAM) vs. standard care that treats SAM and MAM, separately. Children with a moderately low MUAC (11.5-12.5 cm) and a severely low WAZ (<-3) respond similarly to treatment in terms of both weight and MUAC gain on either 2092 kJ (500 kcal)/day of therapeutic or supplementary food. Children with a severely low MUAC (<11.5 cm), with/without a severely low WAZ (<-3), have similar recovery with the combined protocol or standard treatment, though WAZ gain may be slower in the combined protocol. A limitation is this analysis was not powered for these sub-groups specifically. Adding WAZ < -3 as an admission criterion for therapeutic feeding programs admitting children with MUAC and/or oedema may help programs target high-risk children who can benefit from treatment. Future work should evaluate the optimal treatment protocol for children with a MUAC < 11.5 and/or WAZ < -3.0.