gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Photoelectrochemical Properties of TiO2 Films Consisting of Monodispersed Particles by Sol-Gel Method (1999)

Abstract Monodispersed submicron TiO2 particles have been prepared from Ti(OC2H5)4solutions containing HPC, and deposited on mesa silica glass substrates to obtain particulate TiO2 film electrodes. The particle size was controlled to be 0.7, 0.3 and 0.15 μm by changing the amount of water used for alkoxide hydrolysis. The particulate film electrode with the largest particles showed the highest anodic photocurrent under white light illumination and the highest anodic UV and visible light photoresponse. Based on the results obtained, the effects of the particle size on the photoelectrochemical properties have been discussed.
Train Station Parking Approach Based on Fuzzy Reinforcement Learning Algorithms (2019)

Train station parking (TSP) accuracy is important to enhance the efficiency of train operation and the safety of passengers for urban rail transit, while TSP is always subject to a series of uncertain factors. To increase the parking accuracy, robustness and self-learning ability, we propose a new train parking approach by using the reinforcement learning (RL) theory. Three algorithms were developed, involving a stochastic optimal selection algorithm (SOSA), a Q-learning algorithm (QLA) and a fuzzy function based Q-learning algorithm (FQLA) in order to reduce the parking error in urban rail transit. Meanwhile, five braking rates are adopted as the action vector of the three algorithms and some statistical indices are developed to evaluate parking errors. Parking results show that the parking errors of the three algorithms are all within the ±30cm, which meet the requirement of urban rail transit.
Role of angiotensin II in high fructose-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in rats. (1993)

Recent studies suggest the linkage of hypertension and insulin resistance. High fructose diet is known to induce hyperinsulinemia and hypertension in rats. In a previous study, however, high fructose (66%) diet failed to elevate blood pressure but increased left ventricular weight in Sprague-Dawley rats. In the present study, we investigated the precise mechanism of high fructose diet-induced changes in the cardiovascular system in rats. Intake of fructose-enriched diet for 2 weeks increased serum insulin and plasma angiotensin II levels. Urinary excretion of sodium and norepinephrine was not changed. Blood pressure measured directly through an indwelling catheter was not increased, but left ventricular weight and protein content were increased by high fructose diet. To further elucidate the role of the renin-angiotensin system, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist, TCV-116, was given orally at 1 mg/kg per day with either normal or high fructose diet. Concomitant administration of TCV-116 did not affect plasma glucose or serum insulin levels. Plasma angiotensin II was increased, but neither urinary sodium nor norepinephrine was changed by TCV-116. TCV-116 similarly decreased blood pressure in rats on normal and high fructose diets. Increase in left ventricular weight induced by high fructose diet was prevented by the concomitant administration of TCV-116. On the other hand, left ventricular weight in control rats was not changed by TCV-116. In conclusion, increased plasma angiotensin II may account for the left ventricular hypertrophy induced by high fructose diet, whereas hemodynamic change, sodium retention, and the sympathetic nervous system do not play an important role.
Intel HEXL: Accelerating Homomorphic Encryption with Intel AVX512-IFMA52 (2021)

Modern implementations of homomorphic encryption (HE) rely heavily on polynomial arithmetic over a finite field. This is particularly true of the CKKS, BFV, and BGV HE schemes. Two of the biggest performance bottlenecks in HE primitives and applications are polynomial modular multiplication and the forward and inverse number-theoretic transform (NTT). Here, we introduce Intel Homomorphic Encryption Acceleration Library (Intel HEXL), a C++ library which provides optimized implementations of polynomial arithmetic for Intel processors. Intel HEXL takes advantage of the recent Intel Advanced Vector Extensions 512 (Intel AVX512) instruction set to provide state-of-the-art implementations of the NTT and modular multiplication. On the forward and inverse NTT, Intel HEXL provides up to 7.2x and 6.7x speedup, respectively, over a native C++ implementation. Intel HEXL also provides up to 6.0x speedup on the element-wise vector-vector modular multiplication, and 1.7x speedup on the element-wise vector-scalar modular multiplication. Intel HEXL is available open-source at https://github.com/intel/hexl under the Apache 2.0 license and has been adopted by the Microsoft SEAL and PALISADE homomorphic encryption libraries.
Investigating Attributes that Characterize Important Classes in Object Oriented Systems (2018)

Software engineers can do tasks of maintenance and evolution of complex software systems only after they understand well the existing code. Our goal is to build automatic tools to help program comprehension by detecting and recommending the most important classes of the system. In this work we identify all the attributes that characterize important classes in object oriented systems and evaluate which attributes can be used with best results for identifying these classes.
Echocardiographic evaluation of right ventricular-arterial coupling in pulmonary hypertension. (2020)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a hemodynamic condition characterized by chronically elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure (m-PAP ≥ 25 mmHg) measured at rest by right heart catheterization (RHC). It includes a pre-capillary and a post-capillary form. Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a pre-capillary form of PH potentially generated by several heterogeneous systemic disorders, whose main hemodynamic change is represented by severely increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). In order to preserve an efficient right ventricular-arterial (RV-PA) coupling, the right ventricle (RV) adapts to this chronic increase of its afterload, with a compensatory hypertrophy, until RV dilatation and dysfunction occur. Right ventricular (RV) function and especially RV-PA coupling assessment showed to be very important prognostic markers in this subset of patients, especially for those with pre-capillary PH. The aim of this review is to provide a pathophysiological insight into the spectrum of RV adaptive changes occurring in response to chronic increase of RV afterload and to present the role of echocardiographic parameters as possible tools for early non-invasive evaluation of RV-PA coupling, before overt heart failure ensues.
Neonatologia (2022)

Publikacja została przygotowana przez znanych i cenionych polskich neonatologów. Pierwsze wydanie ukazało się pt. &#8222;Podstawy neonatologii&#8221;. Obecne wydanie jest nowoczesnym opracowaniem dotyczącym medycyny noworodkowej. Omówiono w nim wszystkie istotne zagadnienia dotyczące okresu noworodkowego. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na specyficzne problemy tego okresu życia oraz sposób ich rozwiązywania z uwzględnieniem aktualnej wiedzy medycznej. Zwięzła forma publikacji, liczne ilustracje oraz tabele stanowią cenną pomoc w przyswojeniu prezentowanych zagadnień. Publikacja będzie przydatna dla lekarzy specjalizujących się w pediatrii, neonatologii, położnictwie. Może zainteresować również studentów kierunków medycznych, szczególnie pielęgniarstwa i położnictwa oraz pielęgniarki oddziałów noworodkowych i położne <UL> <LI><a href = "https://images.iformat.pl/AFD25E41EB/73AB1A0F-E22C-486D-A3C8-1002D3D06AF6.epub" download="fragment">Fragment (epub)</a></LI> <LI><a href = "https://images.iformat.pl/AFD25E41EB/4A59336F-CB7B-4DEC-99DA-1895DFE8B216.mobi" download="fragment">Fragment (mobi)</a></LI> </UL>
Quench dynamics in silver coated YBCO tapes (2002)

The role of silver in the quench dynamics of RABiTS-processed YBCO tapes was examined. The voltage distribution along the 20 cm long YBCO tapes with silver thickness between two and eight micrometers was measured when different transport current pulses were applied. Measurements on each sample were performed in a conduction-cooling environment at approximately 50 K. After normal regions were induced in the sample by short over-current pulses, an operating current was applied to monitor the sample recovery or quench. When scaled to the lowest critical current, a thermal runaway current was identified and found to increase with increasing silver thickness. A simple one-dimensional model of the system supported this trend. This paper is also published in Advances in Cryogenic Engineering Volume 48A, AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 614, pp. 313–320.
Synthesis of Oligoarginine-Oligonucleotide Conjugates and Oligoarginine-Bridged Oligonucleotide Pairs (1994)

Conjugates consisting of oligoarginine peptides linked to oligodeoxynucleotides have been synthesized, including a new type of conjugate, in which a pair of oligonucleotides is bridged by a cationic peptide. Two different 9-mer oligonucleotides were conjugated to the terminal cysteine residues of the peptide series H-Cys-(Arg)n-Cys-NH2 (n = 3, 5, 7). Different thiol protecting groups were utilized on the amino- and carboxy-terminal cysteine residues of the peptide to allow selective attachment to the 3'- or 5'-terminus of each specific oligonucleotide. The conjugates containing oligoarginine peptides were purified by anion-exchange chromatography, and their structures were confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and amino acid analysis.
Anti-inflammatory Effect of Methyl Gallate on Experimental Arthritis: Inhibition of Neutrophil Recruitment, Production of Inflammatory Mediators, and Activation of Macrophages (2016)

Methyl gallate (MG) is a prevalent phenolic acid in the plant kingdom, and its presence in herbal medicines might be related to its remarkable biological effects, such as its antioxidant, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities. Although some indirect evidence suggests anti-inflammatory activity for MG, there are no studies demonstrating this effect in animal models. Herein, we demonstrated that MG (0.7-70 mg/kg) inhibited zymosan-induced experimental arthritis in a dose-dependent manner. The oral administration of MG (7 mg/kg) attenuates arthritis induced by zymosan, affecting edema formation, leukocyte migration, and the production of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CXCL-1, LTB4, and PGE2). Pretreatment with MG inhibited in vitro neutrophil chemotaxis elicited by CXCL-1, as well as the adhesion of these cells to TNF-α-primed endothelial cells. MG also impaired zymosan-stimulated macrophages by inhibiting IL-6 and NO production, COX-2 and iNOS expression, and intracellular calcium mobilization. Thus, MG is likely to present an anti-inflammatory effect by targeting multiple cellular events such as the production of various inflammatory mediators, as well as leukocyte activation and migration.
Low-Field Magnetic Resonance (1955)

Low-field magnetic resonance has been investigated for linearly and circularly polarized radio-frequency radiation for both the saturated and unsaturated case using modified Bloch equations for both. For the circularly polarized case, a quantum-mechanical solution is presented. Experimental verification for the linearly polarized case has been obtained.
Metabolic Imaging: A Link between Lactate Dehydrogenase A, Lactate, and Tumor Phenotype (2011)

Lactate-MRSI has a greater dynamic range than [(18)F]FDG-PET and may be a more sensitive measure with which to evaluate the aggressive and metastatic potential of primary breast tumors.
3D PDC Bit Model Predicts Higher Cutter Loads (1993)

Summary Historically, PDC bit modeling has incorporated the assumption that cutter forces are constant for a full revolution of the bit. This assumption places considerable limits on the model's ability to simulate drilling in nonhomogeneous rock and in cases where the bit whirls. Recent studies have shown that cutter damage caused by impact loading is a primary cause of PDC bit failure. These impacts may be caused by both bit whirl and drilling through nonhomogeneous rock. The 3D model presented provides the capability to evaluate cutter loading for both conditions. It shows that the cutter loads for common drilling situations may be as much as 10 times greater than those calculated with previously available 2D models.
Surface heterogeneity of rat sperm during maturation (1992)

Rat sperm isolated from the caput and caudal epididymis and the vas deferens were subjected to multiple partition in aqueous two-phase systems. The technique was used to reveal heterogeneity of a sperm population with respect to particular surface properties. Sperm from all three regions gave broad distributions indicative of heterogeneous cell populations. Greatest heterogeneity was observed for cauda sperm with caput and vas sperm producing similar distributions. Following multiple partition sperm from different regions of the distribution profiles were immunostained with three antibodies known to recognise maturation antigens. The results show that some antigens are acquired during epididymal transit whilst others are present throughout. The partition (surface heterogeneity) seen cannot therefore be explained solely by the distribution of the antigens recognized by 2D6, 6B2 and 3D5.
P3‐376: Cyclic hexa‐arg PDZ‐binding peptides that bind PSD95 inhibit glutamate‐mediated toxicity (2010)

The plasma membrane calcium pump isoform 2 (PMCA2) is widely distributed in neuronal tissue. At synapses, it forms part of a multi-protein complex with NMDAR that modulates neurotransmission and intracellular signalling, processes that are involved in learning and memory, and in Alzheimer's Disease. We recently identiified an interaction between PSD95, an intracellular scaffolding protein, PMCA2 and the NMDA receptor at synapses in rat brain (Turner et al; 2009; Neuroscience 162; 383-95). To investigate the importance of the interaction between PMCA2 and PSD95, we have synthesised a cyclic PDZ-binding peptide from the C-terminal sequence of PMCA2. The peptide was synthesised on FmocLeuPEG-PS, with a crossbridge to increase binding and stability at the PDZ 2 domain of PSD95; and biotin to allow visualisation. The cross-bridge was beta-alanine, closed between Lys and Glu, orthogonally protected with ivDde and O-2-PhiPr groups respectively. Modelling from the known NMR structure of the PDZ domain (Piserchio et al; 2004) showed that the incorporated beta-alanine is likely to bind between two beta-strands of the PDZ domain. After addition of the cross bridge, remaining protecting groups were removed and the peptide purified by HPLC.Interactions with PMCA2 were shown by pull-down immunoprecipitation experiments in mouse brain after addition of PSD95 1139-1243 GST adduct expressed from pGEX 4. PSD95 in neuronal cells was visualised with rabbit (AB 18258 Abcam). The cyclic peptide R2 was succesfully synthesised and purified, and found to give the calculated M/H+ of 2078.4. R2 was found to inhibit co-immunoprecipitation of PSD95 and PMCA2 or NMDAR2, with a Kd of ∼18uM. R2 with incorporated biotin, was found to co-localise with PSD95 in SHSY-5Y human neuronal cells previously differentiated with retinoic acid. Neuroprotection of the peptide, R2 (0.2mM), was shown by increased survival of SHSY-5Y cells treated with 2mM glutamate. The cyclic PDZ-binding peptide R2 will be useful in the analyses of the function of interactions between PMCA2, PSD95 and NMDAR. The cell internalising properties of hexa-D-arg will be utilised in functional assays in intact neurones. Potential neuroprotective properties of the peptide were demonstrated by increasing the survival of SHSY-5Y human neuronal cells treated with toxic 2mM glutamate,
A Direct Access to 3-(2-Oxoalkyl)indoles via Aluminum Chloride Induced C−C Bond Formation (2004)

3-Methylindole is acylated regioselectively at the methyl group when treated with a variety of acyl chlorides in 1,2-dichloroethane in the presence of AlCl(3), affording a mild and direct method for the synthesis of 3-(2-oxoalkyl)indoles. The product formation in this one-pot reaction largely depends on the conditions of the reaction employed. The methodology does not require protection-deprotection steps and is amenable for the scale-up synthesis of these indole derivatives.
Cathodoluminescent images and spectra of single crystals of Y2O2S:Tb3+ and Gd2O2S:Tb3+ nanometer sized phosphor crystals excited in a field emission scanning transmission electron microscope (2015)

Cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra have been collected from single nanometer-sized crystals of Y1.98Tb0.02O2S and Gd1.98Tb0.02O2S using a Gatan Vulcan cathodoluminescence imaging spectrometer. Slight variations observed in the CL spectra taken from the crystals are explained, and discussed in relation to bulk samples.
Structure of Quinoline-4-Carboxaldehyde-2,4-Dinitrophenyl-N Methylhydrazone (1998)

Abstract The crystal structure of the title compound, C17H13N5O4, has been determined by single crystal x-ray diffraction at room temperature. The molecule is not planar, with dihedral angles of 7.2(1)° between the quinoline ring and N-methylhydrazone group, and 17.45(2)° between the N-methylhydrazone group and the phenyl ring. The crystal parameters of this compound are as follows: monoclinic P 21/n, a=9.525(2)Å, b = 15.192(2) Å, c = 11.302(2) A, β = 94.722(3)°, V = 1629.8(6) Å3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.432 g/cm3, F(000) = 728, λ (MoKα) = 0.71070 Å, μ = 0.106 mm−1, Rint = 0.017. The structure was solved by SHELXS-86 and refined by SHELXL-93. R = 0.07 for 2438 observed reflections with I > 2σ (I).
Tactile Feeling Display using Functional Electrical Stimulation (1999)

We proposed an electro-cutaneous display which stimulate three types of mechanoreceptors in human skin separate-ly. We call these stimuli “tactile primary colors. ” Two methods are suggested. One is to use array electrodes that are properly weighted. The other is to use anodic current stimulation as well as cathodic current. We also developed experimental system and tested these method-s. Qualitative results suggested that the designed stimuli succeeded in activating desired mechanoreceptors ’ axons. Key words: tactile display, electrocutaneous, array elec-trodes, anodic stimulation, functional electrical stimula-tion 1.
Best Practices and Web Practices: Comparing Corporate Supplier Diversity Programs with Web-based JMinority Supplier Content (2005)

The growing use of the Web for business-to-business transactions means corporate Web sites could be used to communicate with diverse suppliers. This study compares the Web-based supplier diversity content on Fortune 500 public sites with the content of off-line minority supplier programs. Web sites are underused for communicating with diverse suppliers, as the content appears on only 12.5% of the sites. They emphasize information publishing because the most common Web-based supplier diversity items are contact information, such as a title and name, and third-party certification. Web-based supplier diversity content, however, is very similar to off-line diversity program content.
Analysis and optimal individual pitch control decoupling by inclusion of an azimuth offset in the multiblade coordinate transformation (2018)

Abstract With the trend of increasing wind turbine rotor diameters, the mitigation of blade fatigue loadings is of special interest to extend the turbine lifetime. Fatigue load reductions can be partly accomplished using individual pitch control (IPC) facilitated by the so‐called multiblade coordinate (MBC) transformation. This operation transforms and decouples the blade load signals in a yaw‐axis and tilt‐axis. However, in practical scenarios, the resulting transformed system still shows coupling between the axes, posing a need for more advanced multiple input multiple output (MIMO) control architectures. This paper presents a novel analysis and design framework for decoupling of the nonrotating axes by the inclusion of an azimuth offset in the reverse MBC transformation, enabling the application of simple single‐input single‐output (SISO) controllers. A thorough analysis is given by including the azimuth offset in a frequency‐domain representation. The result is evaluated on simplified blade models, as well as linearizations obtained from the NREL 5–MW reference wind turbine. A sensitivity and decoupling assessment justify the application of decentralized SISO control loops for IPC. Furthermore, closed‐loop high‐fidelity simulations show beneficial effects on pitch actuation and blade fatigue load reductions.
Key technologies for next-generation terrestrial digital television standard DVB-T2 (2009)

A new platform for HDTV transmissions, in the form of a new-generation terrestrial digital video broadcasting standard (DVB-T2), has been developed by the DVB Project and will be published by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute. A number of technical innovations have been included in DVB-T2 to boost throughput and ruggedness, enhance single-frequency network coverage, and ease both transmitter and receiver implementation. This article starts from the motivations that led the DVB project to create the new standard and then surveys the key technologies behind DVB-T2, including the LDPC/BCH forward error correction scheme, transmission scheduling, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing with huge block size, multiple-antenna transmissions, and synchronization techniques. A comparison with the current DVB-T standard is also provided, showing that DVB-T2 is able to increase the payload throughput and allows HDTV transmission with current network planning.
ChemInform Abstract: 1H‐TETRAZOL‐5‐YL DERIVATIVES OF CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS OF THE NALIDIXIC ACID TYPE (1981)

Abstract Die Kondensation des Aminopyridins (I) mit dem Propensäureester (II) liefert den Pyridylaminoester (III) mit Beimengungen an Imin (IV).
Current technical development of magnetic resonance imaging (2000)

The impact of MRI continues to grow due to progress in all phases of the development cycle. Since its initial use for human imaging approximately 20 years ago, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has developed into a widely used clinical imaging modality. Now, at the start of the 21st century, the number of MRI systems worldwide is in excess of 10,800. With an average of over ten patients examined per day per machine, the number of clinical studies per day is well over 100,000. Along with X-ray imaging, ultrasound, computed X-ray tomography, and nuclear medicine, MRI is well recognized as a commonly used medical imaging modality. In spite of this significant growth over the last two decades, technical and application development continues. The purpose of this article is to identify the current development of MRI and to attempt to indicate future trends. In some sense this is an update of a similar technical assessment of MRI made four years ago.
Nonthermally activated exciton transport in crystalline organic semiconductor thin films (2014)

The temperature dependent exciton transport in the prototypical organic semiconductor di-indeno-perylene (DIP) is investigated by photoluminescence quenching. Analysis by an advanced diffusion model including interference and morphological aspects reveals an exciton diffusion length of about 60 nm at room temperature, which relates to the long-range order induced by the DIP molecular shape. Above 80 K, singlet exciton transport is thermally activated with an energy of 10 to 20 meV. Below 80 K, exciton motion becomes temperature independent and is supported by the crystalline structure of the transport layer in combination with the reduced phonon interaction.