gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Age, Duration of Diabetes, Cataract, and Pupil Size on Image Quality in Digital Photographic Retinal Screening (2005)

The strongest predictor of ungradable image rates, both for non-mydriatic and mydriatic digital photography, is the age of the person with diabetes. The most common cause of ungradable images was obvious central cataract.
Self-consistent analysis of radiation and relativistic electron beam dynamics in a helical wiggler using Lienard-Wiechert fields (2002)

Lienard-Wiechert (LW) fields, which are exact solutions of the Wave Equation for a point charge in free space, are employed to formulate a self-consistent treatment of the electron beam dynamics and the evolution of the generated radiation in long undulators. In a relativistic electron beam the internal forces leading to the interaction of the electrons with each other can be computed by means of retarded LW fields. The resulting electron beam dynamics enables us to obtain three dimensional radiation fields starting from an initial incoherent spontaneous emission, without introducing a seed wave at start-up. In this paper, we present electromagnetic radiation studies, including multi-bucket electron phase dynamics and angular distribution of radiation in the time and frequency domain produced by a relativistic short electron beam bunch interacting with a circularly polarized magnetic undulator.
Methamphetamine Potentiates Ischemia/Reperfusion Insults After Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Ligation (2001)

Our data indicate that MA exacerbates ischemic insults in brain, perhaps through the inhibition of GDNF-mediated pathways and suggest that MA may antagonize endogenous neuroprotective pathways as part of its mechanism of action.
Recombinant Hirudin in the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Undergoing Elective Hip Surgery (1997)

Venous thromboembolism is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. In these patients systemic prophylaxis with anticoagulants appears to be the most effective approach to reduce venous thromboembolic events. Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) are the prophylactic agents of choice in patients undergoing elective hip replacement. However, their use is still associated with a 15% incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT); hence, there is a need for potentially more effective agents. Among these, hirudin and other selective thrombin inhibitors have recently been evaluated. The main pharmacologic properties of recombinant hirudin and the clinical trials carried out with this agent in the prevention of DVT in patients undergoing elective hip replacement are reviewed in this article. Overall, the results of these clinical trials are quite promising; they actually indicate that a b.i.d. subcutaneous injection of 15 or 20 mg of recombinant hirudin is an effective and safe prophylactic approach. Hirudin was more effective than unfractionated heparin, given at a low fixed dose, in two clinical trials and of a LMWH in one clinical trial. However, further studies are required to define the role of recombinant hirudin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in orthopedic surgery patients.
A Diagonal Approach to Chemical Recycling of Carbon Dioxide: Organocatalytic Transformation for the Reductive Functionalization of CO2 (2011)

Lateral thinking: A diagonal approach to CO2 recycling has been explored for the formation of both functionalized and energetic chemicals featuring a reduced carbon center. The strategy relies on the tandem use of a functionalization reagent and a reductant that can be independently modified to access a wide spectrum of chemicals from CO2. It is exemplified with an organocatalytic process to convert CO2 into formamides (see picture). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Monobenzylether of hydroquinone. (1977)

Of 18 severely afffected vitiligo patients who used 20% monobenzylether of hydroquinone (MBEH, Benoquin) as a depigmenting agent, 8 achieved complete depigmentation after 10 months or more of use and 3 dramatic but no complete hypopigmentation. The 3 patients with no results did not use MBEH for more than 4 months. Complications were frequent particularly among those who did well, but only 1 case of contact dermatitis limited therapy. All patients who depigmented fully were very pleased with their results. As depigmentation induced by MBEH is generally irreversible, MBEH use must be reserved for induction of complete depigmentation of severely affected vitiligo patients who cannot or do not choose to repigment and who can accept the permanence of never tanning. The history, histology and mechanism of MBEH depigmentation are discussed.
Cold stress increases lipolysis, FFA Ra and TG/FFA cycling in humans. (1999)

Even though lipolysis and FFA Ra are greatly increased by cold stress in humans, the present results demonstrate that only about half the rate of FFA Ra is ultimately oxidized, suggesting that under the present cold conditions: 1) non-oxidative FFA disposal or TG/FFA cycling is significantly enhanced; 2) white adipose tissue-derived fatty acids could easily account for most of FATox. The results further emphasize the importance of the TG/FFA cycle in amplifying the ability of stored TG to react quickly to major changes in energy expenditure induced by a sustained cold stress.
Effects of restricted feed intake on finishing pigs weighing between 68 and 114 kilograms fed twice or 6 times daily1 (2011)

In a previous study with limit-fed gestating gilts, we observed that gilts fed 6 times/d had greater ADG than those fed the same amount over 2 feedings. To confirm these earlier responses, we used finishing pigs as a model in two 42-d trials and two 28-d trials to evaluate the effects of restricted feed intake and feeding frequency (2 vs. 6 times/d, floor fed) on pig performance between 68 and 114 kg. In all experiments, pigs (10/pen) were housed in 1.8 × 3.1 m pens with a half-solid, half-slatted concrete floor. Pigs were fed a corn- and soybean meal-based diet formulated to 1.15% standardized ileal digestible Lys and 3,294 kcal of ME/kg. In Exp. 1 to 3, energy and Lys were supplied to pigs according to NRC (1998) calculations to target an ADG of 0.80 kg. In Exp. 4, the diet was supplied to pigs to target an ADG of 0.80 kg (low feed intake) or 0.95 kg (high feed intake) to determine if the amount of energy above the maintenance requirement and feeding frequency affected pig performance. Pigs were fed by dropping similar amounts of feed onto the solid concrete floor either 2 (0700 or 1400 h) or 6 times (3 meals within 2 h at the morning and afternoon feedings) per day with an Accu-Drop Feed Dispenser (AP Systems, Assumption, IL). In Exp. 1 and 2, pigs fed 6 times daily had increased (P < 0.02) ADG and G:F compared with pigs fed 2 times per day. Greater feeding frequency increased (P < 0.05) the duration of time spent feeding and standing and reduced the lying time. In Exp. 3, a third treatment was included to determine whether the improvements in performance were due to decreased feed wastage. This treatment was designed to minimize feed wastage by dropping feed closer to the floor for pigs fed 2 times per day. Pigs fed 6 times daily had improved (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F compared with pigs in either treatment fed 2 times per day. No difference (P > 0.05) in performance was observed between pigs fed 2 times per day when feed was dropped from the feed drop or by the modified method. In Exp. 4, increasing the feeding frequency from 2 to 6 times per day improved (P < 0.01) ADG and G:F for pigs fed the low feed intake and tended to increase (P < 0.06) ADG and improved (P < 0.05) G:F for pigs fed the high feed intake. In limit-feeding situations, increasing the frequency of feeding from 2 to 6 times per day improved pig performance, which confirmed our earlier findings in gestating gilts.
GRN Variability Contributes to Sporadic Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (2010)

Mutations in the progranulin gene (GRN) are responsible for familial FTLD with ubiquitin pathology (FTLD-U). However, there are controversial data regarding the contribution of GRN variability to sporadic FTLD. We carried out an association study in 265 patients, who did not carry a GRN causal mutation, and 375 age-matched controls. Four tagging Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were chosen generate 80% power to detect an allelic association with P < or = 0.01. In addition, a known functional SNP (rs5848) was included. An increased frequency of the rs4792938 CC genotype in cases compared with controls was observed (17.4 versus 10.4%, P=0.01, OR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.15-2.85). Stratifying for gender, no differences were observed for all polymorphisms. Haplotype analysis failed to detect haplotypes associated with the disease. Our findings indicate that the GRN rs4792938 CC genotype represents a susceptibility factor for the development of FTLD in individuals who do not carry GRN causal mutations. This SNP is likely located in a regulatory region, thus an effect on GRN mRNA levels may be of mechanistic importance.
CNN Aided Weighted Interpolation for Channel Estimation in Vehicular Communications (2021)

IEEE 802.11p standard defines wireless technology protocols that enable vehicular transportation and manage traffic efficiency. A major challenge in the development of this technology is ensuring communication reliability in highly dynamic vehicular environments, where the wireless communication channels are doubly selective, thus making channel estimation and tracking a relevant problem to investigate. In this paper, a novel deep learning (DL)-based weighted interpolation estimator is proposed to accurately estimate vehicular channels especially in high mobility scenarios. The proposed estimator is based on modifying the pilot allocation of the IEEE 802.11p standard so that more transmission data rates are achieved. Extensive numerical experiments demonstrate that the developed estimator significantly outperforms the recently proposed DL-based frame-by-frame estimators in different vehicular scenarios, while substantially reducing the overall computational complexity.
Renal Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease (2009)

Renal dysfunction in patients with chronic liver disease encompasses a clinical spectrum of hyponatremia, ascites, and hepatorenal syndrome. Clinical observation has suggested that patients with cirrhosis have hyperdynamic circulation, and recent studies strongly suggest that peripheral arterial vasodilatation and subsequent development of hyperdynamic circulation are responsible for disturbances in renal function. Arterial vasodilatation predominantly occurs in the splanchnic vascular bed, and seems to precede an increase in blood flow in the splanchnic circulation. Nitric oxide plays a central role in progressive vasodilatation, as evidenced by in vivo and in vitro studies. Renal dysfunction negatively affects the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis, as hyponatremia, ascites, and azotemia are associated with increased rate of complications and mortality. Recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology of renal dysfunction have enabled clinicians to develop new diagnostic criteria and therapeutic recommendations. Hepatorenal syndrome is regarded as a potentially reversible disorder, as systemic vasoconstrictors with concomitant albumin administration are emerging as a promising management option, especially in terms of providing bridging therapy for patients awaiting liver transplantation.
A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMISED CLINICAL COMPARISON BETWEEN ASEPTICALLY PROCESSED AND CHEMICALLY STERILISED BTB ALLOGRAFTS FOR ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION: RESULTS FROM 2 YEAR FOLLOW-UP (2012)

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of bone-patellar tendon-bone (BTB) allografts sterilised through a novel sterilisation system with aseptically processed BTB allografts for Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The following hypotheses were also tested: (1) the cumulative score of the IKDC is not significantly different in the sterilised treatment group than in the aseptic control group, (2) the proportion of normal laxity in patients, as measured by the KT 2000 arthrometer, is not significantly different in the sterilised group than in the aseptic control group. Methods A total of 76 patients undergoing ACL reconstruction were randomised into one of two intervention groups, BioCleanse ¯ -sterilised or Aseptic BTB allografts, at 6 independent investigation sites. Post-op examiners and patients were blinded to graft type. Patients were evaluated at 6 months (44 of the 76), 12 months (20 of the 76), and 24 months (27 of the 76) with KT-2000, IKDC scores, and Flexion and Extension Range of Motion (ROM) analysis. Inclusion criteria included an acute, isolated, unilateral ACL tear and exclusion criteria included prior ACL injury, multiligament reconstruction, and signs of degenerative joint disease. Results Significant improvement (p Conclusions Results indicate that the sterilisation process, BioCleanse ¯ , does not appear to have an effect on the biomechanics or healing ability of the BTB allograft. BioCleanse ¯ may provide surgeons with allografts similar to aseptically processed allograft tissue with the benefit of eliminating donor-to-recipient disease transmission.
Enhancement in external quantum efficiency of blue light-emitting diode by photonic crystal surface grating (2005)

Blue photonic crystal light-emitting diodes were evaluated with photonic crystal hole patterns. The diameter of the holes, lattice constant, and emission wavelength were selected to be 110, 220 and 450 nm, respectively, to attain a maximum enhancement in the wall-plug efficiency. The improvement in external quantum efficiency was 30–50%. Changes in voltage characteristics caused by the etched holes were found to be correlated with increased leakage current.
Optimized Basis Functions for Coding Reflectance Spectra Minimizing the Visual Color Difference (1995)

For exact color reproduction of objects under varying illuminants it is necessary to provide information on the complete reflectance spectrum. Since no analytical solution exists a stochastic optimization algorithm is applied to calculate basis vectors for representing a set of test spectra that lead to a minimal color deviation.
Pyridindene Derivatives. III. Synthesis from Arecoline (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyridindene Derivatives. III. Synthesis from ArecolineJOHN T. PLATI, ARTHUR K. INGBERMAN, and WILHELM WENNERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 3, 261–265Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01354a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01354a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views290Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Local torque minimization of redundant manipulators with considering end-motion joint velocities (2002)

Local torque minimization has been considered an appealing redundancy resolution approach for redundant manipulators. To minimize the joint torques, the redundancy must be resolved at the acceleration level. Since the joint velocities were never considered, the proposed solutions have been plagued by performance instabilities due to the buildup of high joint velocities. Besides, the joint velocities at end of motion were never guaranteed to be zero in the former-proposed approaches. This is also a flaw of the former approaches, because the zero end-motion joint velocities are necessary in practical use. In this paper, we introduce a stable local torque minimization technique, with consideration of the end-motion joint velocities. By making the end-motion joint velocities to zero, the local torque minimization approach exhibits global characteristics and generates a stable arm motion. Computer simulations were executed on a three-link planar manipulator to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed local torque minimization technique.
Thermoelectric generators: Linking material properties and systems engineering for waste heat recovery applications (2014)

Waste-heat recovery with thermoelectric power generators can improve energy efficiency and provide distributed electricity generation. New thermoelectric materials and material performance improvements motivate development of thermoelectric generators for numerous applications with excess exhaust and process heat. However, thermoelectric generator product development requires solving coupled challenges in materials development and systems engineering. This review discusses these challenges and indicates ways system-level performance relies on more factors than traditional thermoelectric material performance metrics alone. Relevant thermo-mechanical and chemical material properties, system components such as thermal interface materials and heat exchangers, and system form factors are examined. Manufacturing processes and total system cost components are evaluated to provide product development and commercial feasibility contexts.
Acceptability of Carraguard, a candidate microbicide and methyl cellulose placebo vaginal gels among HIV-positive women and men in Durban, South Africa (2007)

Acceptability of Carraguard among HIV-positive women and men in Durban was good. The wetness experienced by the women may be attributed to the delivery of gel volume. The applicator was designed to deliver 4 mls whereas in fact between 4 ml to 5 mls were actually dispensed. Condom migration in the event of a partially effective product is of concern.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 3,3‐Diphenylpropanoyl Piperazines as T‐Type Calcium Channel Blockers. (2011)

Abstract A facile synthesis of 3,3‐diarylpropanamides (V) is developed using the Meldrum′s acid moiety for amide coupling.
Membrane Deformation Induces Clustering of Norovirus Bound to Glycosphingolipids in a Supported Cell-Membrane Mimic (2018)

Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy have been used to investigate binding of norovirus-like particles (noroVLPs) to a supported (phospho)lipid bilayer (SLB) containing a few percent of H or B type 1 glycosphingolipid (GSL) receptors. Although neither of these GSLs spontaneously form domains, noroVLPs were observed to form micron-sized clusters containing typically up to about 30 VLP copies, especially for B type 1, which is a higher-affinity receptor. This novel finding is explained by proposing a model implying that VLP-induced membrane deformation promotes VLP clustering, a hypothesis that was further supported by observing that functionalized gold nanoparticles were able to locally induce SLB deformation. Because similar effects are likely possible also at cellular membranes, our findings are interesting beyond a pure biophysicochemical perspective as they shed new light on what may happen during receptor-mediated uptake of viruses as well as nanocarriers in drug delivery.
Combining Active Carbonic Anhydrase with Nanogels: Enzyme Protection and Zinc Sensing (2021)

This work demonstrates universal methods for immobilizing highly fragile bio-macromolecules inside nanoparticle carriers, while preserving their structural integrity and biological activity. The advantages and limitations are discussed, as well as the potential biomedical applications.
Bone Findings in Chronic Granulomatous Disease of Childhood (1969)

Granulomatous disease of childhood is a chronic and eventually fatal, genetically transmitted syndrome usually affecting male children. Recent investigations have shown that the polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes of these patients phagocytize normally but are unable to kill certain organisms. As a result, these children manifest a granulomatous response in many organs. Typically they develop eczematoid eruption, lymphadenitis with suppuration, hepatosplenomegaly, and repeated, slowly resolving pneumonias. Eight of twenty-eight patients developed osteomyelitis with distinctive clinical and roentgenographic findings. Thus, clinical, general roentgenographic, and orthopaedic manifestations are typical of the disease. Definite diagnosis is readily established by one or more relatively simple laboratory studies. Because of the ease of diagnosis and the importance of recognizing chronic granulomatous disease, the orthopaedist should be aware of its manifestations.
An accurate parametric electrical model for slow-wave CPW (2015)

In this paper, a parametric predictive electrical model of the slow-wave coplanar waveguide structure (S-CPW) is presented. The model was developed under the assumption of Quasi-TEM propagation mode. Within this context, analytical formulas, parameterized by S-CPW geometric dimensions, were implied for each electric parameter in the model. The model was validated with 3D electromagnetic simulations and measurement results on the BiCMOS 130 nm technology. An excellent agreement was achieved over a wide frequency band, from DC up to 110 GHz, with a maximum error of 10 %. Consequently, the model provides a fast and powerful tool for designing and optimizing circuits based on S-CPWs.
Evaluation of a Rapid and Accessible Reverse Transcription-Quantitative PCR Approach for SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern Identification (2022)

The ability to distinguish between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) is of ongoing interest due to differences in transmissibility, responses to vaccination, clinical prognosis, and therapy. Although detailed genetic characterization requires whole-genome sequencing (WGS), targeted nucleic acid amplification tests can serve a complementary role in clinical settings, as they are more rapid and accessible than sequencing in most laboratories. We designed and analytically validated a two-reaction multiplex reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay targeting spike protein mutations L452R, E484K, and N501Y in reaction 1 and del69-70, K417N, and T478K in reaction 2. This assay had 95 to 100% agreement with WGS for 502 upper respiratory tract swab samples collected between 26 April 2021 and 1 August 2021, consisting of 43 Alpha, 2 Beta, 20 Gamma, 378 Delta, and 59 non-VOC infections. Validation in a separate group of 230 WGS-confirmed Omicron variant samples collected in December 2021 and January 2022 demonstrated 100% agreement. This RT-qPCR-based approach can be implemented in clinical laboratories already performing SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification tests to assist in local epidemiological surveillance and clinical decision-making.