gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Filtration Challenges and Conical Filter Development for Engine Air Induction Systems (1995)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Today's automotive Air Induction Systems (AIS) are designed to deliver overall superior filtration performances because of increased engine protection requirements. In addition it must also meet packaging requirements, higher flow rates, lower system restriction, serviceability and induction noise. Studies have shown that the size and concentration levels of dust ingested need to be controlled to reduce engine wear. Major air filtration technologies currently available and used on AIS are also presented. Criteria for filter selection have also been discussed based on field data. Engineering and design parameters are also briefly discussed for developing robust engine air induction filters.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Development of a new conical filter element is presented for the Ford ‘Conical AIS’ including performance data. This development also includes process/manufacturing and engineering specifications for the new conical program. This conical filter is currently being used on the new 94 Mustangs with additional applications on passenger cars and light trucks in the future.&lt;/div&gt;
Projection of temperature-related total and cardiovascular mortality under different climate and population scenarios by the end of the 21st century in Bavaria, Germany (2020)

Background: Global warming is anticipated to result in larger heat- but less cold-related mortality. Thus, it remains unclear whether the net temperature-related mortality burden will increase in the future. We aimed to project the heat-, cold-, and net temperature-related total and cardiovascular mortality across five Bavarian districts. Methods: We applied location- and age-specific exposure-response functions (ERFs) to project temperature-related mortality during the future period 2083-2099 compared to the baseline period 1990-2006 under combinations of five climate (constant climate, Representative Concentration Pathway [RCP]2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, RCP8.5) and six population scenarios(constant population, Shared Socioeconomic Pathway [SSP]1, SSP2, SSP3, SSP4, SSP5) assuming no adaptation. We further performed projections using location-specific overall all-age ERFs.Results: The net temperature-related mortality increased under most scenarios with the highest increment under SSP5-RCP8.5 by 19.61% (95% empirical CI(eCI): 11.78, 30.91) for total and 11.24% (95%eCI: 1.04, 23.29) for cardiovascular mortality. When considering the age-effect and population aging, even under a favourable SSP2-RCP2.6 scenario, the net-mortality increased by 9.33% (95%eCI: 5.94, 12.76). In contrast, when not accounted for, net-mortality decreased by 0.23% (95%eCI: -0.64, 0.14). This was similarly observed for cardiovascular mortality. Furthermore, the climate-only effect was inconsiderable, whereas the population-only effect showed a high, up to 17.35% (95%eCI: 11.46, 22.70) increment in total deaths. Likewise, the increments in cardiovascular mortality under SSP5-constant climate (11.47% (95%eCI: 2.58, 19.57)) and SSP5-RCP8.5 (11.24% (95%eCI: 1.04, 23.29)) were similar.Conclusion: The elderly population, highly vulnerable to both heat and cold, is projected to be about four folds the younger population. Thus, the combined effect of global warming and population aging contributed to a projected increase in temperature-related total and cardiovascular deaths for all SSP-RCP scenarios. The population-effect dominated the climate-effect. Mitigation, age- and cause-specific adaptation strategies targeting the vulnerable groups might greatly reduce the future temperature-related mortality burden.
MEDICAL ISOTOPE PRODUCTION WITH THE ACCELERATOR PRODUCTION OF TRITIUM (APT) FACILITY (2014)

In order to meet US tritium needs to maintain the nuclear weapons deterrent, the Department of Energy (DOE) is pursuing a dual track program to provide a new tritium source. A record of decision is planned for late in 1998 to
Efficient and tumble similar set retrieval (2001)

Set value attributes are a concise and natural way to model complex data sets. Modern Object Relational systems support set value attributes and allow various query capabilities on them. In this paper we initiate a formal study of indexing techniques for set value attributes based on similarity, for suitably defined notions of similarity between sets. Such techniques are necessary in modern applications such as recommendations through collaborative filtering and automated advertising. Our techniques are probabilistic and approximate in nature. As a design principle we create structures that make use of well known and widely used data structuring techniques, as a means to ease integration with existing infrastructure.
Performance of Cooperative and Non-Cooperative Detect And Avoid Procedures for UWB (2007)

Detect and avoid procedures (DAA) aim at improving ultra-wideband (UWB) coexistence with narrowband-wideband devices operating at the same time and in the same area. UWB is commonly considered as a secondary radio system. As a consequence interference due to UWB has to be kept under control. To this aim it was shown that by properly tuning DAA parameters UWB interference could be kept below the limits issued by regulatory bodies. Non-cooperative DAA procedures can lead to severely reduced performance of UWB networks. The possibility of integrating UWB devices on the same board of the victim device has opened the way to the definition of more efficient DAA procedures, indicated as cooperative DAA, guaranteeing better coexistence performance as well as an improved UWB throughput. In this paper we present a cooperative DAA procedure and we compare its performance with the non-cooperative one under the same operating scenario. It is shown that the DAA procedure can significantly outperform the non-cooperative DAA.
Trapped methane volume and potential effects on methane ebullition in a northern peatland (1996)

A novel way of estimating the gas bubble volume in the floating mat sediment of a peatland was developed at Thoreau’s Bog in Concord, Massachusetts. Statistically significant relationships between the buoyancy of the floating Sphagnum mat and atmospheric pressure were observed, and these relationships were used to estimate the gas bubble volume. The mass of CH 4 stored in gas bubbles is estimated to be as much as 3 times the mass of dissolved CH 4 , depending on the time of year. The gas bubble volume is frequently large enough to serve as a significant buffer between microbial production of CH 4 and the release of CH 4 to the atmosphere. Changes in atmospheric pressure, temperature, and water‐table elevation may result in modulation of the ebullitive CH 4 flux. Periods of rapidly rising atmospheric pressure or equivalent pressure changes due to water‐table elevation are capable of arresting bubble volume growth, thereby halting CH 4 ebullition. Periods of rapid cooling of the bog could also temporarily halt ebullition, as thermally induced contraction of bubbles and dissolution of CH 4 offset bubble volume growth due to methanogenesis.
Interference in Ballistic Motor Learning: Specificity and Role of Sensory Error Signals (2011)

Humans are capable of learning numerous motor skills, but newly acquired skills may be abolished by subsequent learning. Here we ask what factors determine whether interference occurs in motor learning. We speculated that interference requires competing processes of synaptic plasticity in overlapping circuits and predicted specificity. To test this, subjects learned a ballistic motor task. Interference was observed following subsequent learning of an accuracy-tracking task, but only if the competing task involved the same muscles and movement direction. Interference was not observed from a non-learning task suggesting that interference requires competing learning. Subsequent learning of the competing task 4 h after initial learning did not cause interference suggesting disruption of early motor memory consolidation as one possible mechanism underlying interference. Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of corticospinal motor output at intensities below movement threshold did not cause interference, whereas suprathreshold rTMS evoking motor responses and (re)afferent activation did. Finally, the experiments revealed that suprathreshold repetitive electrical stimulation of the agonist (but not antagonist) peripheral nerve caused interference. The present study is, to our knowledge, the first to demonstrate that peripheral nerve stimulation may cause interference. The finding underscores the importance of sensory feedback as error signals in motor learning. We conclude that interference requires competing plasticity in overlapping circuits. Interference is remarkably specific for circuits involved in a specific movement and it may relate to sensory error signals.
Remote Monitoring and Production Optimisation in Shell (2010)

Abstract With the advancement of technology, fields are increasingly monitored in real time, remotely from the office. This applies to wells and facilities alike. Shell has applied a range of capabilities across the assets worldwide. The capabilities include: –Real time monitoring and optimisation of wells–Virtual metering–ESP surveillance - real time monitoring and remote control–Advanced Rotating Equipment monitoring–Integrated Production System Modelling–Collaborative Work Environments for integrated decision making The paper describes how these techniques are used in Shell's operations. They enable asset staff to deal with a wider range of issues faster and more efficiently while bringing global expertise as required in near real time. This involves integration across a range of disciplines, for fast and effective decision making.
Recent Development of Sintered R-Fe-B Permanent Magnets for Motor Applications (2003)

Production of R-Fe-B type permanent magnets has been rapidly increased since its discovery in 1983. This type of permanent magnets is used various applications today. The application for electric motors is one of the expanding field of R-Fe-B magnets in future. We studied the improvement of particular characteristics of R-Fe-B magnets required in motor applicant. In this paper, improvement of high temperature stability, mechanical strength and magnetizability will be reported. By refinement of microstructure, R-Fe-B sintered magnets with high temperature stability comparable to Sm-Co type sintered magnets was obtained. This material also showed high mechanical strength because of its fine microstructure.
Definition der Halogenbrücke (IUPAC‐Empfehlungen 2013) (2014)

Der Begriff Halogenbrücke , der für eine spezifische Untergruppe der inter‐ und intramolekularen Wechselwirkungen unter Beteiligung eines Halogenatoms in einer molekularen Einheit steht, wird hier definiert. Es geht um Halogenatome, die als elektronenarme (elektrophile) Zentren fungieren und eine anziehende Wechselwirkung mit elektronenreichen (nucleophilen) Zentren eingehen.
Role of the accessory gene regulator (agr) in pathogenesis of staphylococcal osteomyelitis (1995)

To examine the role of the accessory gene regulator (agr) in staphylococcal osteomyelitis, we compared a Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis isolate (UAMS-1) with a derivative of the same strain (UAMS-4) carrying an inactivated agr locus. Virulence was assessed with a rabbit model of acute, exogenous osteomyelitis. Bacteria were delivered by microinjection into the midradial region of the forelimb. After 4 weeks, UAMS-1 was identified in the bone of 12 of 13 rabbits infected with > or = 2 x 10(6) CFU and 5 of 6 infected with < or = 2 x 10(5) CFU. In contrast, UAMS-4 was found in 6 of 13 infected with the higher dose and 1 of 6 infected with the lower dose. Additionally, on the basis of a five-point scale assessing radiographic evidence of disease, rabbits infected with UAMS-1 had average scores of 2.64 +/- 0.30 (high dose) and 1.43 +/- 0.39 (low dose) while rabbits infected with UAMS-4 had average scores of 0.95 +/- 0.23 (high dose) and 0.63 +/- 0.20 (low dose). Uninfected controls had an average score of 0.53 +/- 0.08. The results obtained with UAMS-1 were significantly different from those obtained with UAMS-4 at both doses (P < or = 0.047). The results obtained with UAMS-4 were not significantly different from those obtained with the controls at either dose of UAMS-4 (P > or = 0.150). On the basis of a similar five-point scale assessing histopathological evidence of disease, rabbits infected with UAMS-1 had average scores of 2.31 +/- 0.22 (high dose) and 1.96 +/- 0.36 (low dose) while rabbits infected with UAMS-4 had average scores of 1.58 +/- 0.29 (high dose) and 0.83 +/- 0.32 (low dose). Controls had an average score of 0.33 +/- 0.05. The results obtained with UAMS-1 were significantly different from those obtained with UAMS-4 at both doses (P < or = 0.040). However, the results obtained with UAMS-4 were significantly different from the controls only at the high dose of UAMS-4 (P = 0.025). We conclude that mutation of agr reduces the incidence and severity of disease but does not eliminate the ability to colonize bone and cause histopathological evidence of osteomyelitis.
AlGaN/GaN current aperture vertical electron transistors fabricated by photoelectrochemical wet etching (2003)

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) wet etching was used to form the aperture of a novel AlGaN/GaN CAVET current aperture vertical electron transistor (CAVET) device. The PEC etch was optimised to produce a smooth, uniform undercut through the selective removal of the lower bandgap InGaN. The I-V characteristics of the initial devices indicate that modulation and pinch-off of the current can be obtained.
Dynamical polarization effect of nuclear spin bath dragged by electron spin resonance in double quantum dot integrated with micro-magnet (2009)

We studied on Overhauser shift of electron dipole spin resonance (EDSR) peaks by using a double quantum dot integrated with a micro-magnet. Two EDSR peaks are well resolved, reflecting electron spin flip events at different resonance conditions between two dots, which depend on the in-plane field at the two dots produced by a micro magnet. One of the two peaks is significantly higher than the other and shows a larger Overhauser shift, indicating that an electron spin flip process local to the dot causes dynamical polarization of local nuclear spins to the same dot. After the nuclear spin polarization is saturated, we observed the decay of the Overhauser shift by repeatedly measuring the EDSR peak with a minimum microwave power. The decay time constant is much longer than by other groups. We discuss the possible reason for this difference.
Interval methods for nonlinear identification and robust control (2004)

Key ideas of interval analysis and constraint propagation are presented and applied to two problems frequently encountered in control. The first one is the guaranteed characterization of the set of all parameter vectors that are consistent with experimental data up to bounds on the acceptable errors. The second one is the guaranteed characterization of the set of all PI controllers robustly stabilizing a set of models that may have been obtained as the solution to the first problem.
The module triad: a novel network biology approach to utilize patients’ multi-omics data for target discovery in ulcerative colitis (2022)

Tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] inhibitors (TNFi) have been a standard treatment in ulcerative colitis (UC) for nearly 20 years. However, insufficient response rate to TNFi therapies along with concerns around their immunogenicity and inconvenience of drug delivery through injections calls for development of UC drugs targeting alternative proteins. Here, we propose a multi-omic network biology method for prioritization of protein targets for UC treatment. Our method identifies network modules on the Human Interactome-a network of protein-protein interactions in human cells-consisting of genes contributing to the predisposition to UC (Genotype module), genes whose expression needs to be modulated to achieve low disease activity (Response module), and proteins whose perturbation alters expression of the Response module genes to a healthy state (Treatment module). Targets are prioritized based on their topological relevance to the Genotype module and functional similarity to the Treatment module. We demonstrate utility of our method in UC and other complex diseases by efficiently recovering the protein targets associated with compounds in clinical trials and on the market . The proposed method may help to reduce cost and time of drug development by offering a computational screening tool for identification of novel and repurposing therapeutic opportunities in UC and other complex diseases.
Phased Array of Data Transmission System for Earth Observing Satellite (2020)

Phased array is a new type of data transmission antenna for remote sensing satellite. The antenna scans its beam to keep the advantage of wide area coverage and high gain to get large EIRP. According to the general requirements of data transmission subsystem employed for earth observing satellite, the relationship of the parameters subject to the phased array data transmission is analyzed. A design of data transmission system suitable for engineering application and a demonstration antenna array is presented in this paper.
Association of Postburn Fatty Acids and Triglycerides with Clinical Outcome in Severely Burned Children (2012)

Elevated TGs, but not FFAs, postburn are associated with worsened organ function and clinical outcomes.
A system for placing videotaped and digital lectures on-line (2002)

The idea of distance education, or learning at home has become very popular in recent years. Most major Universities offer classes on-line, and several smaller institutes exclusively offer distance classes. The distance courses can be offered either by mail (videotapes and books) or over the Internet (Web pages). Web-based courses are limited by bandwidth restrictions. This makes complex, interactive presentation of information virtually impossible. Videotapes are able to present complex information, however the production and distribution cost of videotapes makes the idea very prohibitive. This paper presents a system for compressing video lectures for Internet transmission, without losing classroom information. In addition, we present algorithms that improve the interactivity of the presentation by use of optical character recognition and speech recognition technologies.
PITSLRE p110 Protein Kinases Associate with Transcription Complexes and Affect Their Activity (2002)

Although the PITSLRE protein kinases are members of the cyclin-dependent kinase superfamily, their cellular function is unclear. Previously we demonstrated that the general RNA splicing factor RNPS1 is a specific PITSLRE p110 kinase interactor in vivo. This suggests that the PITSLRE family of protein kinases is involved in some aspect of RNA processing or transcription. Here we identify multiple transcriptional elongation factors, including ELL2, TFIIF(1), TFIIS, and FACT, as PITSLRE kinase-associated proteins. We demonstrate that PITSLRE p110 protein kinases co-immunoprecipitate and/or co-purify with these elongation factors as well as with RNA polymerase II. Antibody-mediated inhibition of PITSLRE kinase specifically suppressed RNA polymerase II-dependent in vitro transcription initiated at a GC-rich (adenosine deaminase) or TATA box-dependent (Ad2ML) promoter, and this suppression was rescued by readdition of purified PITSLRE p110 kinase. Together, these data strongly suggest that PITSLRE protein kinases participate in a signaling pathway that potentially regulates or links transcription and RNA processing events.
La certificación de español como lengua extranjera en los Congresos Internacionales de la Lengua Española: posiciones convergentes y divergentes en el escenario glotopolítico iberoamericano (agosto, 2014) (2014)

The purpose of this work is to investigate, considering Glottopolitics´ theoretical approach, some positions and tensions that are associated with the field of teaching Spanish as a foreign language, specifically, with language proficiency certification, that take place at the International Congresses of Spanish Language (CILE), which serve as privileged spaces to examine the interventions in the symbolic status of Spanish. At the two CILE’s where panel discussions about the topic are organized –in Rosario (2004) and Cartagena de Indias (2007)-, the Cervantes Institute is placed as international authority and "natural" representative of the Hispanic world. In addition, these events make use of a discursive mechanism that “open” and “close” the debate, which attempts to eliminate the emergence of alternative positions.
Grain boundary dislocation networks as electron diffraction gratings (1972)

Abstract Electron diffraction patterns from thin-film gold bicrystal specimens having grain boundaries containing periodic networks of grain boundary dislocations (GBD's) have been studied. It has been demonstrated that planar GBD networks (which were examined in the electron microscope at normal incidence) give rise to arrays of extra diffraction sports centred around the main f.c.c. gold reflections. The periodic structure of the grain boundary region there fore acts very much as a difraction grating. Examples of this effect are presented for orthogonal grids of screw GBD's in twist boundaries and arrays of parallel edge GBD's in tilt boundaries. The importance of this phenomenon in the study of GBD structure is discussed. It is pointed out that, since the spacing of the GBD spots is reciprocally related to the actual GBD spacing, this effect would be particularly useful in examining fine GBD networks. Also, the possibility of forming a direct image of the GBD network using the GBD spots is emphasized.
Comparison of the Automated Random Access Immunoassay Analysers, ACS-180 (Ciba Corning) and AIA-1200 (Tosoh) (1993)

Two random access immunoassay analysers, the ACS-180 (Ciba Corning) and the AIA-1200 (Tosoh Corp.) were compared with respect to performance and user-friendliness. Precision studies revealed an almost equal intra-assay variation coefficient, but day-to-day reproducibility was better on the AIA-1200. Recovery of dilution series of tumour markers was too high with the ACS-180. Both systems were free from carry-over effects, on account of the extra wash step in the ACS-180 (for thyrotropin, carcinoembryonic antigen and human chorionic gonadotropin) and the separate pipetting tip in the AIA-1200. Reagent stability is better in the AIA-1200 than in the ACS-180. The AIA-1200 is more user-friendly and produces a higher throughput than the ACS-180 in daily routine operation (92 results/hour vs. 78 results/hour).
Image data for Cajigas et al. 2018 Mol Cell (2018)

FISH of single cell nuclei prepared from mouse E13.5 ganglionic eminence-derived interneuron progenitors. Combinations of different RNA/DNA and protein probes