gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P-450 epoxygenase and NO synthase inhibitors reduce cerebral blood flow response toN-methyl-d-aspartate (2000)

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids are cerebral vasodilators produced in astrocytes by cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase activity. The P-450 inhibitor miconazole attenuates the increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) elicited by glutamate. We evaluated whether epoxygenase activity is involved in the CBF response to activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subtype by using two structurally distinct inhibitors, miconazole and N-methylsulfonyl-6-(2-propargyloxyphenyl) hexanamide (MS-PPOH), a selective epoxygenase substrate inhibitor. Drugs were delivered locally through microdialysis probes in striata of anesthetized rats. Local CBF was measured by hydrogen clearance and compared with CBF in contralateral striatum receiving vehicle. Microdialysis perfusion of NMDA doubled CBF and increased nitric oxide (NO) production estimated by recovery of labeled citrulline in the dialysate during labeled arginine infusion. Perfusion of miconazole or MS-PPOH blocked the increase in CBF without decreasing citrulline recovery. Perfusion of N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine decreased baseline CBF and inhibited the CBF response to NMDA. Perfusion of MS-PPOH did not inhibit the CBF response to sodium nitroprusside. We conclude that both the P-450 epoxygenase and NO synthase pathways are involved in the local CBF response to NMDA receptor activation, and that the signaling pathway may be more complex than simply NO diffusion from neurons to vascular smooth muscle.
Participation of citizens as potential endusers in the innovation process for assistive technologies (2009)

(Dipl.-Ing. Walter HLAUSCHEK, CEIT RALTEC, Institute for Rehabilitation and Assisted Living Technologies, non profit limited company, Am Concorde Park 2, A 2320 Schwechat, Austria, w.hlauschek@ceit.at, http://www.ceit.at) (Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Wolfgang L. ZAGLER, fortec Research Group on Rehabilitation Technology, Institute „integrated study“, Vienna University of Technology, zw@fortec.tuwien.ac.at, http://www.is.tuwien.ac.at) (Dipl.-Ing. Paul PANEK, CEIT RALTEC, Institute for Rehabilitation and Assisted Living Technologies, non profit limited company, Am Concorde Park 2, A 2320 Schwechat, Austria, p.panek@ceit.at, http://www.ceit.at)
MAPPING SOLAR ACCESS IN HIGH RELIEF AREAS FOR REGIONAL ENERGY PLANNING∗ (1984)

Access to the sun for space heating of structures is controlled, in part, by topographic shadowing in high-relief regions. A simple graphic procedure is presented for mapping shadows on topographic maps for any date and time of day. Comparisons of computed shadows and shadows measured from aerial photography confirm that the mapping procedure is reliable and accurate. Use of the procedure as a solar access inventory tool is illustrated in an area of the Green Mountains, VT.
Twelve Months of Denosumab and/or Alendronate Is Associated With Improved Bone Fatigue Life, Microarchitecture, and Density in Ovariectomized Cynomolgus Monkeys (2022)

Prolonged use of antiresorptives such as the bisphosphonate alendronate (ALN) and the RANKL inhibitor denosumab (DMAb) are associated with rare cases of atypical femoral fracture (AFF). The etiology of AFF is unclear, but it has been hypothesized that potent osteoclast inhibitors may reduce bone fatigue resistance. The purpose of this study was to quantify the relationship between antiresorptive treatment and fatigue life (cycles to failure) in bone from ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys. We analyzed humeral bone from 30 animals across five treatment groups. Animals were treated for 12 months with subcutaneous (sc) vehicle (VEH), sc DMAb (25 mg/kg/month), or intravenous (iv) ALN (50 μg/kg/month). Another group received 6 months VEH followed by 6 months DMAb (VEH-DMAb), and the final group received 6 months ALN followed by 6 months DMAb (ALN-DMAb). A total of 240 cortical beam samples were cyclically tested in four-point bending at 80, 100, 120, or 140 MPa peak stress. High-resolution imaging and density measurements were performed to evaluate bone microstructure and composition. Samples from the ALN (p = 0.014), ALN-DMAb (p = 0.008), and DMAb (p < 0.001) groups illustrated higher fatigue-life measurements than VEH. For example, at 140 MPa the VEH group demonstrated a median ± interquartile range (IQR) fatigue life of 1987 ± 10593 cycles, while animals in the ALN, ALN-DMAb, and DMAb groups survived 9850 ± 13648 (+395% versus VEH), 10493 ± 16796 (+428%), and 14495 ± 49299 (+629%) cycles, respectively. All antiresorptive treatment groups demonstrated lower porosity, smaller pore size, greater pore spacing, and lower number of canals versus VEH (p < 0.001). Antiresorptive treatment was also associated with greater apparent density, dry density, and ash density (p ≤ 0.03). We did not detect detrimental changes following antiresorptive treatments that would explain their association with AFF. In contrast, 12 months of treatment may have a protective effect against fatigue fractures. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Thermal and metal-catalyzed rearrangements of bis(stannyl)diazo derivatives into carbodiimides: carbodiimide-transfer reactions (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal and metal-catalyzed rearrangements of bis(stannyl)diazo derivatives into carbodiimides: carbodiimide-transfer reactionsGuilaine Veneziani, Regis Reau, and Guy BertrandCite this: Organometallics 1993, 12, 11, 4289–4290Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00035a012https://doi.org/10.1021/om00035a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views116Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regulation of Parallel Converters with Respect to Stored Energy and Passivity Characteristics (2011)

A regulation of converters connected in parallel is discussed considering their stored energy and passivity characteristics. From the viewpoint of stored energy, a new regulation method to conserve and share the stored energy can be found. The energy stored in inductors and capacitors is transferred to loads so that the load keeps the energy dissipation constant. Though numerical simulation, the method is validated for a parallel converter system.
Discovering discrepancies in numerical libraries (2020)

Numerical libraries constitute the building blocks for software applications that perform numerical calculations. Thus, it is paramount that such libraries provide accurate and consistent results. To that end, this paper addresses the problem of finding discrepancies between synonymous functions in different numerical libraries as a means of identifying incorrect behavior. Our approach automatically finds such synonymous functions, synthesizes testing drivers, and executes differential tests to discover meaningful discrepancies across numerical libraries. We implement our approach in a tool named FPDiff, and provide an evaluation on four popular numerical libraries: GNU Scientific Library (GSL), SciPy, mpmath, and jmat. FPDiff finds a total of 126 equivalence classes with a 95.8% precision and 79% recall, and discovers 655 instances in which an input produces a set of disagreeing outputs between function synonyms, 150 of which we found to represent 125 unique bugs. We have reported all bugs to library maintainers; so far, 30 bugs have been fixed, 9 have been found to be previously known, and 25 more have been acknowledged by developers.
Retrospective tracking for barcode reading (2010)

A novel method for fast reading barcodes commonly encountered in industrial applications is presented. The method mainly consists of two stages: (1) a process characterizing in cross scanning an overly downscaled image to extract candidate barcode skeletons is used to locate barcodes in an image, wherein at least one skeleton is extracted from the downscaled binary image; coordinates of at least one point of each skeleton are enlarged back to their original resolution and used as center points of plural detection windows in the original image plane. (2) a Sobel-based grading scheme is employed to determine wining detection windows for reading barcodes, wherein a retrospective tracking mechanism is proposed to deal with warped, slanted or even stained barcodes. Since the center points of the wining detection windows are directly treated as sampling points of the barcodes, pixel by pixel search is dispensable and computation time can be greatly reduced.
Tire Lug Height Effect on Soil Stresses and Bulk Density (1995)

Soil stresses and increases in soil bulk density were measured beneath the centerline of one new 18.4R38 radial-ply R-1 tractor tire and two similar tires with lug heights of 55% and 31% of the new tire lug height. Each tire was operated with an inflation pressure of 110 kPa, a dynamic load of 25.0 kN and 10% slip. Soil stress state transducers (SSTs) measured the stresses at three depths in both a hardpan soil profile and a uniform soil profile, each in a sandy loam and a clay loam soil. The initial depths of the SSTs ranged from 164 to 288 mm. Analysis of the original soil stress data showed that lug height did not significantly affect the peak octahedral normal stress or its corresponding octahedral shear stress. When outliers were removed from the peak stress data, however, lug height significantly affected the octahedral normal stress in the sandy loam soil. In the uniform profile of the sandy loam and in the hardpan profile of the clay loam, the new tire generated the greatest bulk density increase, which was significantly greater than the bulk density increase caused by the 55% tire. In the sandy loam with the hardpan profile, the 55% lug height tire generated a significantly greater bulk density increase than either the new or 31% tire.
Simplified analysis of a polarizing optical fiber (1990)

A simplified analysis of anisotropic, polarizing fibers consisting of a circular core placed in a highly elliptical inner cladding is presented. The simplification consists of treating the problem in the scalar approximation and of letting the highly elliptical inner cladding degenerate into two semi-infinite half spaces bounded by plane surfaces. The birefringence of the fiber material is not explicitly included in the analysis. Instead, it is assumed that modes that are linearly polarized at right angles to each other 'see' effectively different isotropic media. The solution yields the field distributions and dispersion curves for guided modes right to their points of cutoff. Leakage losses of modes below cutoff are estimated with low accuracy. The results are useful for designing polarization maintaining fibers or fiber polarizers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
BLOC-1 is required for selective membrane protein trafficking from endosomes to primary cilia (2017)

Primary cilia perceive the extracellular environment through receptors localized in the ciliary membrane, but mechanisms directing specific proteins to this domain are poorly understood. To address this question, we knocked down proteins potentially important for ciliary membrane targeting and determined how this affects the ciliary trafficking of fibrocystin, polycystin-2, and smoothened. Our analysis showed that fibrocystin and polycystin-2 are dependent on IFT20, GMAP210, and the exocyst complex, while smoothened delivery is largely independent of these components. In addition, we found that polycystin-2, but not smoothened or fibrocystin, requires the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1 (BLOC-1) for ciliary delivery. Consistent with the role of BLOC-1 in sorting from the endosome, we find that disrupting the recycling endosome reduces ciliary polycystin-2 and causes its accumulation in the recycling endosome. This is the first demonstration of a role for BLOC-1 in ciliary assembly and highlights the complexity of pathways taken to the cilium.
Instrument-Free Point-of-Care Molecular Detection of Zika Virus (2016)

The recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in the Americas and its devastating impact on fetal development have prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare the ZIKV pandemic as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Rapid and reliable diagnostics for ZIKV are vital because ZIKV-infected individuals display no symptoms or nonspecific symptoms similar to other viral infections. Because immunoassays lack adequate sensitivity and selectivity and are unable to identify active state of infection, molecular diagnostics are an effective means to detect ZIKV soon after infection and throughout pregnancy. We report on a highly sensitive reverse-transcription loop-mediated, isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for rapid detection of ZIKV and its implementation in a simple, easy-to-use, inexpensive, point-of-care (POC) disposable cassette that carries out all the unit operations from sample introduction to detection. For thermal control of the cassette, we use a chemically heated cup without a need for electrical power. Amplification products are detected with leuco crystal violet (LCV) dye by eye without a need for instrumentation. We demonstrated the utility of our POC diagnostic system by detecting ZIKV in oral samples with sensitivity of 5 plaque-forming units (PFU) in less than 40 min. Our system is particularly suitable for resource-poor settings, where centralized laboratory facilities, funds, and trained personnel are in short supply, and for use in doctors' offices, clinics, and at home.
Myocardium T1 measurement using single and multi-shot SMART1Map acquisition: pros and cons (2014)

Background The recently published method SMART1Map[1] has proposed a new true T1 measurement technique. It consists in a 2D saturation-recovery prepared balancedSSFP sequence which allows different acquisition schemes depending on the number of repetition (shot) used. Single-shot acquisition duration is short but cardiac motion blur can occur due to long acquisition window duration. Two-shot acquisition time allows an acquisition window twice smaller but inter acquisition window motion can occur. Note that single-shot scheme allows to acquire an additional point when magnetization has not yet undergo any saturation pulse, thus corresponding to an infinite saturation delay time (T∞). In this study, we compared both schemes on healthy volunteers to determine the most appropriate strategy for a large range of T1 values measurement at 3T.
The spaces between us (2010)

Guardbands are designed to insulate transmissions on adjacent frequencies from mutual interference. As more devices in a given area are packed into orthogonal wireless channels, choosing the right guardband size to minimize cross-channel interference becomes critical to network performance. Using both WiFi and GNU radio experiments, we show that the traditional "one-size-fits-all" approach to guardband assignment is ineffective, and can produce throughput degradation up to 80%. We find that ideal guardband values vary across different network configurations, and across different links in the same network. We argue that guardband values should be set based on network conditions and adapt to changes over time.
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Presented as Generalized Vesiculo-Pustules in a Neonate-A Case Report (2009)

A one-month-old female baby had been noted to have multiple vesicles and pustules over the head, face, trunk and four extremities since she was one-week-old. Under the impression of disseminated herpes virus infection, intravenous acyclovir was given after admission. Serum herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test and virus culture were all fruitless, although herpes simplex virus-1 was vaguely identified in direct fl uorescent staining of lesion scrapings. Unfortunately, new lesions still continued popping out despite treatment. Dermatologist was then consulted, and Tzanck smear as well as skin biopsy were performed. The histopathological exam showed Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Skull x-ray film showed expansile osteolytic lesion over the left parietal area and the chest x-ray increased reticulonodular infiltration in both lung fields. There was no abnormal finding in the long bone survey or abdominal sonography. In summary, we report a case of neonatal Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting as generalized vesiculo-pustules. It should be differentiated from herpes virus infection in the clinical setting.
Effect of rare earth cations on bactericidal activity of anionic surfactants (1987)

Rare earth metal cations are antibacterially synergistic with anionic surfactants, yielding mixtures that have bactericidal activity against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria at minimum concentrations ranging from 16 to 125/tg/ml. Uptake of surfactant by Escherichia coli increases in the presence of lanthanum, suggesting that the role of rare earth metal cations is to reduce the net negative surface charge on the bacteria, thereby increasing the affinity between the negatively charged surfactant and the bacterial surface.
BENZYLOXYCARBONYLARGININE NITROPHENYL ESTER SALTS: 1‐HYDROXYBENZOTRIAZOLE CATALYZED ACYLATIONS OF AMINES (1978)

Benzyloxycarbonylarginine p-nitrophenyl ester has been prepared by the p-nitrophenyltrifluoroacetate method. The p-nitrophenyl ester derivative was isolated as its crystalline picrate and nitrate salts. The ester salts couple with amino compounds in the presence of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, but decompose without acylation of amines in the absence of the 1-hydroxybenzotriazole catalyst. Benzyloxycarbonylarginine p-nitrophenyl ester and other activated esters of N-a-sustituted arginine salts may be useful reagents for introduction of trypsin-labile protecting groups into peptide fragments for purpose of polypeptide semi-synthesis. At the same time, side reactions of such carboxyl-activated arginine derivatives may serve as models for side reactions in the couplings of peptide fragments with arginine residues in the carboxyl-terminal position. Peptide fragment couplings of this type may frequently be encountered in semisynthesis of polypeptides from tryptic fragments.
SPREADSHEETS: AN EFFECTIVE AID TO THE DESIGN OF IVHS COMMUNICATIONS (1994)

ADGA was selected by Transport Canada and Industry Canada to study the communications necessary to support seamless IVHS services throughout Canada. The communication needs, the tools developed for their analysis and the principal findings of the analysis are the subjects of this paper. The tools have application to the analysis of alternative IVHS options in a wide range of scenarios. They may be used for system trade off analysis and the identification of IVHS services that may best be grouped together from a communications perspective. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 868006.
The Correlation of Coupled Heat and Mass Transfer Experimental Data for Vertical Falling Film Absorption (1999)

Abstract Absorption chillers are gaining global acceptance as quality comfort cooling systems. These machines are the central chilling plants and the supply for comfort cooling for many large commercial buildings. Virtually all absorption chillers use lithium bromide (LiBr) and water as the absorption fluids. Water is the refrigerant. Research has shown LiBr to be one of the best absorption working fluids because it has a high affinity for water, releases water vapor at relatively low temperatures, and has a boiling point much higher than that of water. The heart of the chiller is the absorber, where a process of simultaneous heat and mass transfer occurs as the refrigerant water vapor is absorbed into a falling film of aqueous LiBr. The more water vapor absorbed into the falling film, the larger the chiller’s capacity for supporting comfort cooling. Improving the performance of the absorber leads directly to efficiency gains for the chiller. The design of an absorber is very empirical and requires experimental data. Yet design data and correlations are sparse in the open literature. The experimental data available to date have been derived at LiBr concentrations ranging from 0.30 to 0.60 mass fraction. No literature data are readily available for the design operating conditions of 0.62 and 0.64 mass fraction of LiBr and absorber pressures of 0.7 and 1.0 kPa. Experiments were conducted on an internally cooled smooth tube 0.01905 m in outside diameter and 1.53 m in length. Tests were conducted with no heat and mass transfer additive. The data, for testing at 0.62 and 0.64 mass fraction of LiBr, were scaled and correlated into both Nusselt (Nu) and Sherwood (Sh) formulations. The average absolute error in the Nusselt correlation is about ±3.5% of the Nu number reduced from the experimental data. The Sherwood correlation is about ±5% of the reduced Sh data. Data from the open literature were reduced to the authors’ Nu and Sh formulations and were within 5% of the correlations developed in the present study. Hence, this study provides correlations for the complex heat and mass transfer process that is validated against extensive experimental data. The study therefore contains useful information for the design of a vertical column absorber operating with no heat and mass transfer additive.
Biosynthesis of Riboflavin. Studies on the Reaction Mechanism of 6,7-Dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine Synthase (1995)

The lumazine synthase/riboflavin synthase complex of Bacillus subtilis consists of an icosahedral capsid of 60 beta subunits surrounding a core of 3 alpha subunits. The beta subunits catalyze the condensation of 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione with (3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone under formation of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine. This intermediate is converted to riboflavin by the alpha subunits via an unusual dismutation yielding 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione as second product. (3R)- and (3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate were synthesized. Both enantiomers can serve as substrate for 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase. The reaction rate of the natural S-enantiomer is about 6-fold higher than that of the R-enantiomer. The Km value for (3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate is 130 microM, and the Km value for the pyrimidine substrate is 5 microM. Diacetyl and 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 3-phosphate do not serve as substrates for lumazine synthase. The enzyme-catalyzed condensation of the carbohydrate with the pyrimidine is strictly regiospecific. The enzyme does not catalyze the exchange of protons between (3S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate and solvent water in the absence of the pyrimidine cosubstrate. A reaction mechanism starting with the formation of a Schiff base followed by elimination of phosphate and cyclization is proposed. The lumazine synthase activities of the native enzyme complex and of reconstituted, hollow beta 60 capsids are virtually identical (about 12,000 nmol mg-1 h-1).