gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Separation of P‐ and S‐wavefields from wide‐angle multicomponent OBC data for a basalt model (2003)

ABSTRACT Wide‐angle multicomponent ocean‐bottom cable (OBC) data should further enhance sub‐basalt imaging by using both compressional and converted shear wavefields. The first step in analysing multicomponent OBC data is to decompose the recorded wavefields into pure P‐ and pure S‐wavefields, and extract the upgoing P‐ and S‐waves. This paper presents a new scheme to separate P‐ and S‐wavefields from wide‐angle multicomponent OBC data in the τ – p domain. By considering plane‐wave components with a known horizontal slowness, the P‐ and S‐wavefields are separated into the directions of observed P‐ and S‐wave oscillations using the horizontal and vertical components of the data. The upgoing P‐ and S‐waves are then extracted from the separated P‐ and S‐wavefields. The parameters used in the separation are the seismic wave velocities and the density at the receiver location, which can be estimated from the first reflection phase observed on the horizontal and vertical components. Numerical tests on synthetic data for a plane‐layered model show good performance and demonstrate the accuracy of the scheme. Separation of wavefields from a basalt model is performed using synthetic wide‐angle multicomponent OBC data. The results show that both near‐offset and wide‐angle reflections and conversions from within and below basalt layers are enhanced and clearly identified on the separated wavefields.
Analysis and optimization of transmission schedules for single-hop WDM networks (1995)

Considers single-hop lightwave networks with stations interconnected using wave division multiplexing. The stations are equipped with tunable transmitters and/or receivers. A predefined, wavelength-time oriented schedule specifies the slots and the wavelengths on which communication between any two pairs of stations is allowed to take place. The authors define a wide variety of schedules and develop a general framework for analyzing their throughput performance for any number of available wavelengths, any tunability characteristics, and general (potentially nonuniform) traffic patterns. They then consider the optimization of schedules given the traffic requirements and present optimization heuristics that give near-optimal results. They also investigate how the number of available wavelengths (channels) affects the system throughput, and develop techniques to efficiently share the available channels among the network stations. As a result, they obtain systems that are easy to scale while having very good performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A guideline-based decision support system for generating referral recommendations from routinely recorded home telehealth measurement data (2010)

The objectives of this paper are to present a guideline-based decision support system (GBDSS) design for supporting patient telehealth management of chronic disease and to test its performance in correctly making referral recommendations using routinely recorded measurement data from home telehealth recordings. The GBDSS has been developed to manage lung disease patients in a home telehealth environment. The system operates by checking the availability of home telehealth measurement data on a daily basis, interprets these data using a rule-based decision tree classification, and ultimately generates referral recommendations based on these measured data. The system has demonstrated discriminative power when applied in the analysis of retrospective telehealth data, as a surrogate for realtime referral generation. To this end a telehealth dataset comprising 16 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients monitored over a 12 month period was used. It was shown that GBDSS referral recommendations could help reduce the number of cases that required a carer's urgent attention by 72.1%, with 81.9% accuracy, 80.8% specificity and 90.4% sensitivity.
42. DETECTION OF TUMORS WITH 19F MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGINI (1987)

Ratner, A. V. M.D.; Muller, H. H. M.S.; Simpson, B. B. B.S.; Johnson, D. E. M.D.; Hurd, R. Ph.D.; Young, S. W. M.D. Author Information
Oxidation Chemistry of a Uranium(III) Aryloxide (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation Chemistry of a Uranium(III) AryloxideLarry R. Avens, David M. Barnhart, Carol J. Burns, Steven D. McKee, and Wayne H. SmithCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 19, 4245–4254Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00097a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00097a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views699Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Facile preparation of a robust and flexible antioxidant film based on self-polymerized dopamine in a microporous battery separator (2012)

The microslits of a microporous polyethylene (PE) separator membrane were filled with polydopamine (Pdop) via auto-oxidation and self-polymerization of dopamine to generate a robust, antioxidant, and free standing flexible thin film. Multifunctional groups present on the Pdop act as strong anti-oxidative agents and can induce in situ formation of noble metal nanoparticles on the film surface. The superior antioxidant property of the film was well maintained even after harsh ultrasonic irradiation, tape peeling, and extreme pH treatment.
Spray Drying Drop Morphology: Experimental Study (2003)

The objective of this study was to develop the capabilities to determine the effect of operational parameters on the morphology of powders produced by spray drying. A device used for monitoring morphological characteristics of a single suspended droplet was constructed. It allowed for monitoring and recording the images of a drying droplet as a function of time. The experimental drying was carried out for a number of systems that highlighted the effects of different controlling parameters, such as drying temperature and initial solute concentration. The experiments demonstrated that the shell structure of a drying droplet played an important role in determining the final dried particle morphology. In addition, the shell structure of a drying droplet varies from material to material, which increases the difficulty in the modeling prediction. Several materials with different physical properties, such as solubility and latent heat of crystallization, were investigated. Two sets of experiments, Ca(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 versus NaC 2 H 3 O 2 and K 2 CO 3 versus Na 2 CO 3 , were run to examine the effect of material solubility. The effect of latent heat of crystallization was examined by experiment with NH 4 Cl versus NaCl. In summary, low drying temperature and material with high latent heat of crystallization (i.e., endothermic crystallization) were favorable for small, dense, and regularly-shaped particles. Materials that formed an elastic shell structure such as ammonium chloride led to hollow particle formation. Material with high solubility led to small, dense, irregularly-shaped particles. A higher initial solute concentration was favorable for the formation of a large dense particle.
Laser stapedotomy – the up-to-date solution of otosclerotic stapes fixation (2007)

Based on the authors' favourable experiences and the review of the literature, KTP laser assisted stapedotomy with the use of Nitinol piston has several advantages: 1) the laser-activated memory effect of the piston prevents the disadvantages of the crimping manoeuvre made around the long process of the incus; 2) vertigo, experienced in the early postoperative period is milder and takes shorter time, reducing the length of hospitalisation; 3) the procedure is cost-effective and minimally invasive; 4) application of KTP laser assures bloodless operating field and minimal cochlear trauma; 5) migration of the prosthesis can be prevented, the degree of the surrounding granulation is less; 6) high frequency hearing improvement can be achieved in the long run; 7) the frequency and seriousness of complications is less, therefore this technique can be recommended for inexperienced ear surgeons, too; 8) the procedure can be used in difficult situations, too, e.g.: in the presence of stapedial artery, obliterative otosclerosis, flooting footplate, abnormal position of the facial nerve in the middle ear, revision cases; 9) the interindividual differences of hearing results are much less. Based on their favourable initial experiences, the authors plan to conduct a long-term follow-up on greater number of patients.
Focusing ultrasound in biological media (1989)

The authors present a formulation for calculating the field distributions for an ultrasonic imaging system when focusing in biological media. A biological medium is characterized in terms of its complex and frequency-dependent compressibility that, in turn, depends on the medium relaxation time and specific heat ratio. The analysis is based on a spatial/temporal transfer function formalism and can predict the effects of dispersion, frequency-dependent attenuation, aperture apodization and pulse shape. These effects can be observed on a ;snapshot' of the field in time and space. A number of simulations for a 3-MHz broadband system are presented. The results indicate that, aside from geometrical considerations (F/number), the pulse-width and the dispersive processes can play a major role in imaging performance.
Image resolution in infrared thermography (1972)

The rise of apparent temperature in the thermograph as the detector is scanned across a temperature discontinuity is shown to be approximately exponential and to depend on the time constant of the circuit, the rate of scanning and the field size. The implication for clinical thermography is that the rise in temperature over a narrow region will be underestimated and such a region may not then be 'resolved' from the surrounding body surface. The effective response is estimated from measurements of the apparent temperature of the sources at the same black body temperature but of different width, and curves indicating the limits of resolution are derived. The relevance of the number of lines scanned in a frame and the definition of the image are also considered.
Nanoscale infrared near-field mapping of free-carrier concentration in single semiconductor nanowires (2009)

1 CIC nanoGUNE, 20018 Donostia – San Sebastian, Spain 2 Max-Planck-Institut fur Biochemie and Center for NanoScience, 82152 Martinsried, Germany 3 FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics AMOLF c/o Philips Research Laboratories, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands 4 Materials innovation institute, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands 5 Institute for Molecules and Materials, Solid State Chemistry Department, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands 6 Philips Research Laboratories, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands j.stiegler@nanogune.eu
Logical Consensus for Distributed and Robust Intrusion Detection (2011)

In this paper we introduce a novel consensus mech- anism where agents of a network are able to share logical values, or Booleans, representing their local opinions on e.g. the presence of an intruder or of a fire within an indoor environment. We first formulate the logical consensus problem, and then we review relevant results in the literature on cellular automata and convergence of finite-state iteration maps. Under suitable joint conditions on the visibility of agents and their communication capability, we provide an algorithm for generating a logical linear consensus system that is globally stable. The solution is optimal in terms of the number of messages to be exchanged and the time needed to reach a consensus. Moreover, to cope with possible sensor failure, we propose a second design approach that produces robust logical nonlinear consensus systems tolerating a given maximum number of faults. Finally, we show applicability of the agreement mechanism to a case study consisting of a distributed Intrusion Detection System (IDS).
Shotgun Library Construction for DNA Sequencing (2004)

Shotgun cloning is a method to generate the templates needed for DNA sequencing. This process entails breaking a large target DNA randomly into smaller fragments; end sequencing these smaller fragments; and from the overlapping sequences of the randomly generated fragments, reassembling the initial target sequence. Although this random strategy initially was described more than two decades ago (1–3), only a few years following the original reports describing the dideoxynucleotide method for DNA sequencing (4–7), it immediately did not gain wide-scale acceptance. It was not until the introduction of instrumentation (8–10) that was capable of collecting the required large quantity of data required for successfully implementing the shotgun method, that this approach began to be widely accepted. The shotgun cloning strategy presently is the method of choice for generating the major portion of the sequence data for sequencing projects. This holds true for target DNAs as small as a 4-kbp restriction digest fragment (1) or as large as an entire 3-Gbp mammalian or plant genome (11–13) since many of the methods used have been automated (14,15). These partially or fully automated methods include the shotgun DNA template clone isolation; DNA sequence reaction pipetting; DNA sequence data collection; DNA sequencing chemistry; and computer-based shotgun sequence data assembly, visualization, and editing (16–18). Therefore, it is reasonable to initially obtain from 6- to 10-fold shotgun sequence coverage and then proceed with more directed closure and finishing methods.
1991 Volvo Award in clinical sciences. Smoking and lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: an MRI study of identical twins. (1991)

The primary objective of this study was to determine whether disc degeneration, as assessed through magnetic resonance imaging, is greater in smokers than in nonsmokers. To control for the maximum number of potentially confounding variables, pairs of identical twins highly discordant for cigarette smoking were selected as study subjects. Data analyses revealed 18% greater mean disc degeneration scores in the lumbar spines of smokers as compared with nonsmokers. The effect was present across the entire lumbar spine, implicating a mechanism acting systemically. This investigation demonstrates the efficiency of using carefully selected controls in studying conditions of multifactorial etiology, such as disc degeneration.
Symmetry detection by generalized complex (GC) moments: a close-form solution (1999)

This paper presents a unified method for detecting both reflection-symmetry and rotation-symmetry of 2D images based on an identical set of features, i.e., the first three nonzero generalized complex (GC) moments. This method is theoretically guaranteed to detect all the axes of symmetries of every 2D image, if more nonzero GC moments are used in the feature set. Furthermore, we establish the relationship between reflectional symmetry and rotational symmetry in an image, which can be used to check the correctness of symmetry detection. This method has been demonstrated experimentally using more than 200 images.
A New Approach for Improving the Design Decision Making Process for Bridges (2019)

The design development, manufacture and construction process for a new bridge can be a lengthy and iterative process. The current design process through construction is virtually unmapped as the majority of structures in the built environment are unique. In many cases, reasonable assumptions and changes need to be made in the absence of the appropriate information and decisions at the appropriate time. However, the assumptions and changes made during the design process rely on the experience of engineers, making the process difficult to be analyzed and improved. There is therefore a need for a new approach to enable explicit mapping of the decision making process to facilitate efficient optimization through design. In order to address this problem, this study presents a novel approach to streamline the design decision making process of bridges. The key theme of this approach is to map the bridge design decision making processes and analyze them using digital engineering tools. Design Structure Matrix (DSM) is used in this study as a digital tool to map and optimize the current bridge design decision making process. As the means of validating the proposed approach, a real-life bridge project, which is a typical highway bridge of the UK, is identified for investigation. The result of the case study based on the proposed approach shows a promising potential that the current bridge design process can be potentially improved in an explicit and efficient way and the captured stages may be simulated through design automation tools
Summary Transfer: Exemplar-Based Subset Selection for Video Summarization (2016)

Video summarization has unprecedented importance to help us digest, browse, and search today's ever-growing video collections. We propose a novel subset selection technique that leverages supervision in the form of humancreated summaries to perform automatic keyframe-based video summarization. The main idea is to nonparametrically transfer summary structures from annotated videos to unseen test videos. We show how to extend our method to exploit semantic side information about the video's category/ genre to guide the transfer process by those training videos semantically consistent with the test input. We also show how to generalize our method to subshot-based summarization, which not only reduces computational costs but also provides more flexible ways of defining visual similarity across subshots spanning several frames. We conduct extensive evaluation on several benchmarks and demonstrate promising results, outperforming existing methods in several settings.
Soil physical quality of the Indo-Gangetic plains and black soil region. (2014)

Understanding the physical quality of soil that influences its hydraulic behaviour helps in formulating appropriate water management strategies for sustainable crop production. Saturated hydraulic conductivity ( K s ) is a key factor governing the hydraulic properties of soils. K s can be estimated through various techniques. In the present article we have developed and validated the regression models to predict K s of the soils of the Indo- Gangetic Plains (IGP) and the black soil regions (BSR) under different bioclimatic systems. While particle size distribution was found to be a key factor to predict K s of the BSR soils, organic carbon was found useful for the IGP soils. Moreover, the models for K s of both soils were strengthened by putting in CaCO 3 and exchangeable sodium percentage content. It seems there is ample scope to study the interaction process for revising K s to desired levels through management practices in these two important food-growing zones. An index of soil physical quality, derived from the inflection points of the soil moisture characteristic curves could well explain the impact of management practices on soil physical quality.
Design and performance evaluation of an asymptotically optimal backoff algorithm for IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs (2005)

This paper presents and evaluates a distributed mechanism for the contention control in IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs. Specifically, our mechanism named Asymptotically Optimal Backoff (AOB), dynamically adapts the backoff window size to the current load. AOB guarantees that an IEEE 802.11 WLAN asymptotically (i.e. for a large number of active stations) achieves its optimal channel utilization. The proposed mechanism merges the ideas on adaptive backoff presented previously with some properties derived from the IEEE 802.11 capacity analysis. AOB can be used on top of the standard 802.11 access mechanism without requiring any modification to the standard or additional hardware. The AOB mechanism adapts the backoff to the network contention level by using two simple load estimates: the slot utilization and the average size of transmitted frames. These estimates are simple and can be obtained with no additional costs or overheads. The performance of the IEEE 802.11 protocol with or without the AOB mechanism is investigated in the paper via simulation. Simulative results indicate that our mechanism is very effective and brings the utilization of the system close to the optimal level for a wide range of load and network configurations.
Dynamic Analysis of Large Systems by Complex Mode Synthesis (1974)

The method of component mode synthesis, originally conceived for application to lightly damped structures, is extended to include linear, autonomous, holonomic dynamical systems in general. When written in terms of generalized coordinates, the equations of motion may have completely arbitrary constant coefficients. The work was initially developed for the analysis of high speed trains which exhibit discrete damping in their suspension systems, and nonsymmetry of the coefficient matrices due to wheel-rail interaction and the possibility of Coriolis coupling from spinning wheels and rotors. The object of component mode synthesis is to minimize the number of equations which must be solved for either stability analysis of dynamic response analysis of multi-component systems. Formulation of the equations in terms of the modal vectors associated with isolated subsystems is found to satisfy this objective. The modes are considered to be complex in general as opposed to the classical normal modes in structural dynamics which are always real. A method for computing the frequency response of a system to sinusoidal excitation is described. It is valid over a frequency range determined by the component modes included in the analysis. An example is discussed which illustrates the effectiveness of this approach in terms of reducing the computational effort required to obtain accurate modes for the complete system.