gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on How Nature Employs the Principles of Organometallic Chemistry in Dihydrogen Activation in Hydrogenases (2010)

Relatively recent developments in metalloenzyme and organometallic chemistry have targeted a growing link between these outwardly incongruous fields, giving birth to a merger now popularly termed “bio-organometallic” chemistry. The astonishing discovery of CO and CN ligands bound to dinuclear iron sites in billion-year-old hydrogenase enzymes has led to a new paradigm and triggered an explosion of research on bioinspired chemistry. The article will focus on the impressive array of organometallic chemistry principles that work in concert in the structure and function of H2ases. Molecular H2 is at the forefront of bioinspired energy, and its production and storage are critical for renewable energy systems. Biomimetic inorganic chemistry and photochemistry involving water splitting for H2 production has erupted in the past decade and will also be reflected upon here.
Prenatal detection of non‐cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma (1990)

The most prevalent soft tissue tumour in children is rhabdomyosarcoma. These tumours may develop within or outside of muscle anywhere in the body and at any age. We report what is apparently the earliest case of non-cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma detected prenatally.
Controlled nitrogen incorporation at the gate oxide surface (1995)

Nitrogen has been incorporated selectively at the top surface of a conventional thermal gate oxide by nitridation with a remote He–N2 plasma at low temperatures, 23 and 300 °C. On-line Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) has been used to characterize the process. A peak shift in the Si-LVV feature establishes that the nitrogen is bonded to the silicon. The concentration of nitrogen can be varied by a combination of substrate temperature and duration of plasma exposure. Ex situ glancing-angle x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) confirm that the nitrogen is confined to the immediate vicinity of the surface. Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of the nitrided oxide at 900 °C in N2 and N2O does not change the N content.
6′‐Guanidinonaltrindole (6′‐GNTI) is a potent and functionally unique kappa opioid agonist that displays bias against beta‐arrestin recruitment and receptor internalization (2011)

Functional selectivity is a phenomenon whereby different ligands activate distinct signaling cascades through the same receptor. Functional selectivity may offer a means to target desired aspects of the receptor signaling response while avoiding unwanted side effects. The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) is a widely expressed G-protein coupled receptor that is involved in modulating reward, mood, sexual behavior and other brain functions. We report here that the KOR agonist 6′-guanidinonaltrindole (6′-GNTI) is a functionally selective, potent agonist at the KOR. 6′-GNTI activates G-protein coupling and ERK MAPK and alters whole cell impedance in KOR expressing cells as a partial (G-protein coupling) or full (ERK, impedance) agonist with a greater potency than the standard KOR agonist U69,593. In contrast, 6′-GNTI weakly induces beta-arrestin2 recruitment to the KOR, and is unable to induce KOR internalization. Furthermore, 6′-GNTI acts as a partial (G-protein coupling, ERK) or full (beta-arrestin recruitment, internalization) antagonist against U69,593 activity in these assays. These unique features of 6′-GNTI make the drug a useful tool for dissecting functionally selective signaling pathways at the KOR both in vitro and in vivo, and may also provide a useful scaffold for developing functionally selective KOR ligands for clinical treatment of KOR related disorders, such as dysphoria in drug addiction.
Prefrontal brain network connectivity indicates degree of both schizophrenia risk and cognitive dysfunction (2013)

Cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of schizophrenia, and persons at risk for schizophrenia may show subtle deficits in attention and working memory. In this study we investigated the relationship between integrity of functional brain networks and performance in attention and working memory tasks as well as schizophrenia-risk. 235 adults representing three levels of risk (102 outpatients with schizophrenia, 70 unaffected first-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia, and 63 unrelated healthy controls) completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and a battery of attention and working-memory tasks. Functional networks were defined based on coupling with seeds in the dACC, DLPFC, MPFC and BA17. Both patients with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives showed cognitive-dysfunction compared to healthy controls. First canonicals indicated an inverse relationship between cognitive performance and connectivity within the DLPFC- and MPFC-networks. MANOVA revealed multivariate main effects of higher schizophrenia-risk status on increased connectivity within the DLPFC and MPFC networks. These data suggest that excessive connectivity within brain networks coupled to the DLPFC and MPFC, respectively, accompany cognitive deficits in persons at risk for schizophrenia. This might reflect compensatory reactions in neural systems required for cognitive processing of attention and working-memory tasks to brain changes associated with schizophrenia. This study was supported by NIH R01 MH077852, NIH-NIBIB P41-EB015909, NIH-T32MH015330.
Stabilization of Plakoglobin and Enhanced Keratinocyte Cell-Cell Adhesion by Intracellular O -Glycosylation (2021)

O-Glycosylation modifies and regulates a variety of intracellular proteins. Plakoglobin, which functions in both cell-cell adhesion and signal transduction, is modified by O-glycosylation; however, the significance is unknown. To investigate the functional consequence of plakoglobin O-glycosylation, we cloned and overexpressed in keratinocytes murine O-GlcNAc transferase (mOGT). Over expression of mOGT in murine keratinocytes resulted in (i) glycosylation of plakoglobin and (ii) increased levels of plakoglobin due to post-translational stabilization of plakoglobin. Additionally, overexpression of mOGT in keratinocytes correlated with increased staining for cell-cell adhesion proteins and greater cell-cell adhesion. These observations suggest that O-glycosylation functions to regulate the post-translational stability of plakoglobin and keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion.
An Integer Programming Application for PCB Stack-up Arrangement (2019)

This paper introduces an integer programming application for PCB stack-up arrangement. The general rules in stack-up arrangement are transformed to equalities and inequalities using mathematical programming techniques. Then the integer programming solver can solve the stack-up arrangement problem very efficiently for a PCB with 20 layers or more.
Synthetic approaches to 10-azaprostaglandins (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic approaches to 10-azaprostaglandinsP. A. Zoretic, F. Barcelos, J. Jardin, and C. BhaktaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 5, 810–814Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01293a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01293a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views231Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tandem mass spectrometry assay of β-glucocerebrosidase activity in dried blood spots eliminates false positives detected in fluorescence assay (2017)

Deficiency of β-Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) activity causes Gaucher Disease (GD). GD can be diagnosed by measuring GBA activity (Beutler and Kuhl, 1990). In this study, we assayed dried blood spots from a cohort (n=528) enriched for GBA mutation carriers (n=78) and GD patients (n=18) using both the tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and fluorescence assays and their respective synthetic substrates. The MS/MS assay differentiated normal controls, which included GBA mutation carriers, from GD patients with no overlap. The fluorescence assay did not always differentiate normal controls including GBA mutation carriers from GD patients and false positives were observed. The MS/MS assay improved specificity compared to the fluorescence assay.
Optical signal processing using a Vander Lugt three plane correlator (2003)

Scene matching and object correlation, using a Vander Lugt optical correlator, has recently been found to be very attractive to high-speed image-processing systems. The results of ongoing research concerned with the development and operation of a three-plane optical correlator using spatial light modulators to inject binary-phase-only filter masks into the Fourier plane of the system are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Comparison of Methods for Magnetic Resonance-Guided [18-F]Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in Human Carotid Arteries (2008)

MR-guided FDG-PET is a highly reproducible technique in the carotid artery and the excellent anatomic detail provided by MR facilitates PVC. Of the methods examined, SUV(BSA)(PVC) appears to represent the best compromise between reproducible and accurate determination of FDG metabolism in carotid artery vessel wall.
Mechanical Properties of Synthesized Ti<sub>3</sub>SiC<sub>2</sub> by Hot Pressing from TiC <sub>x</sub>/Si Powder Mixture (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Metodologia para la transferencia tecnológica en procesos fermentativos (2011)

La transferencia de tecnologias es comun, en la actualidad, en la mayoria de los procesos tecnologicos en paises desarrollados como sub desarrollados. La aplicacion de los mecanismos de transferencia de tecnologias en los procesos fermentativos se realiza con un alto riesgo en su implementacion, dado el grado de incertidumbre con que se ejecutan, lo que provoca que la efectividad de la misma se reduzca en un gran por ciento. El presente trabajo establece una metodologia para aplicar la trasferencia de tecnologia, considerando la incertidumbre, en procesos fermentativos permitiendo establecer de forma adecuada el camino para ejecutar esta actividad con una disminucion de los riesgos
Good Men Live On and Never Fade Away (2008)

Good men represent a prime example to follow by surgeons and other professionals. Good men produce good deeds and good deeds are the essence of a good life. Surgeons are frequently good men accountable for good deeds. Good men are not always part of the surgical profession. Efforts should be oriented at enhancing the life of surgeons, reaching for good deeds at many stages of their profession. Surgeons with good deeds will represent the best one can find.
Circular, narrow beam emission of 1.3-&#x00B5;m surface-emitting laser with monolithically-integrated InP lens for direct fiber coupling (2009)

Circular, narrow beam emission of a lens-integrated surface-emitting laser operated at 1.3-mum wavelength was demonstrated. The laser consists of a distributed feedback laser cavity monolithically integrated with an etched 45deg total reflection mirror and an etched InP lens. The profile of the etched InP lens was estimated to be a highly symmetrical parabolic shape that is ideal for the collimation of a Gaussian beam. A fabricated lens-integrated surface-emitting laser exhibited a circular, narrow far-field pattern with full-width at half-maximums of 3.9deg times 3.5deg. A highly efficient direct coupling to a single-mode fiber with a coupling efficiency of - 2.7 dB was also confirmed.
Interactions of exercise training and high-fat diet on adiponectin forms and muscle receptors in mice (2016)

The HF mice presented the key problems associated with MetS (increased caloric intake, body weight, glycemia and fat mass), a change in Ad<sub>mer</sub> distribution in favor of the less-active forms and increased AdipoR2 expression in muscle. In contrast, exercise training reversed some of the adverse effects of a HF diet (increased glucose tolerance, better caloric intake control) without any modifications in Ad production and Ad<sub>mer</sub> distribution. However, increased AdipoR1 muscle expression was observed in trained mice, but this effect was hampered by HF diet. These data corroborate a recent hypothesis suggesting a functional divergence between AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, with AdipoR1 having the predominant protective action on metabolic function.
Visual object tracking using inter-frame correlation of convolutional feature maps (2016)

Visual object tracking is one of the key tasks in computer vision. Robust trackers should address challenging issues such as fast motion, deformation, occlusion and so on. In this paper, we therefore propose a visual object tracking method that exploits inter-frame correlations of convolutional feature maps in Convolutional Neural Net (ConvNet). The proposed method predicts the location of a target by considering inter-frame spatial correlation between target location proposals in the present frame and its location in the previous frame. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art work especially in hard-to-track sequences.
Light-Scattering Study of the Normal Human Eye Lens: Elastic Properties and Age Dependence (2010)

The human ocular lens is a tissue capable of changing its shape to dynamically adjust the optical power of the eye, a function known as accommodation, which gradually declines with age. This capability is the response of the lens tissue to external forces, which, in turn, is modulated by the biomechanical characteristics of lens tissues. In order to investigate the contributions of lens sclerosis to loss of accommodation, we report on in vitro confocal Brillouin light scattering studies of human ocular lenses spanning over a 30-70 year age range. Using this nondestructive measurement method, we determined that the longitudinal bulk modulus (average ± SD) of the lens nucleus (2.79 ± 0.14 GPa) was consistently greater than the bulk modulus of the lens cortex (2.36 ± 0.09 GPa). Moreover, our results showed that these differences were not age dependent over the 40 year age range that we evaluated using healthy lens tissues. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that an age-dependent change in the bulk modulus of lens tissues does not fully account for the natural decline of accommodation.
Midbrain Raphe Modulation of Nonphotic Circadian Clock Resetting and 5-HT Release in the Mammalian Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (2003)

Serotonin (5-HT) is an important regulator of the mammalian circadian clock of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN); however, critical questions remain concerning the control of serotonergic activity in the SCN and how this relates to the putative clock-resetting actions of 5-HT. Previously, we reported that electrical stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) or median raphe nucleus (MRN) in hamsters evoked 5-HT release in the SCN. This DRN-stimulated 5-HT release was blocked by systemic injection of 5-HT antagonists, indicating a 5-HT receptor-mediated pathway from the DRN to the SCN. In the present study, targeted injections of the 5-HT1,2,7 antagonist metergoline or the selective 5-HT7 antagonist DR4004 into the DRN or MRN attenuated DRN-electrically stimulated SCN 5-HT release, supporting a multisynaptic DRN-->MRN-->SCN route. Intra-DRN and intra-MRN injections of the GABA(A) antagonist bicuculline significantly stimulated SCN 5-HT release, whereas intra-DRN or intra-MRN injections of the GABAA agonist muscimol suppressed this release. The 5-HT release induced by intra-DRN bicuculline was also blocked by co-injection of DR4004. In complementary behavioral trials, SCN 5-HT release associated with a phase-advancing sleep deprivation stimulus at midday was prevented by intra-DRN injection of metergoline. Also, phase-advance shifts induced by novel wheel access at midday were suppressed, but not blocked, by intra-DRN injection of DR4004 or muscimol. These results indicate that 5-HT7 and GABAergic receptors of the DRN and MRN regulate behaviorally induced 5-HT release in the SCN, and that DRN output modulates nonphotic phase-resetting responses.
Control of DNA methylation in fungi (1993)

Fungi represent an evolutionarily diverse set of eukaryotic organisms including, for example, mushrooms, slime molds, true molds and yeasts. Methylation of cytosines in DNA has been observed in many but not all fungi (Table 1). Considering the diversity of eukaryotic organisms with DNA methylation, it is possible that this modification serves distinct roles in higher and lower eukaryotes and even distinct roles in different fungi. The control of methylation may also differ in different eukaryotes. Why study methylation in fungi? First, studying methylation in fungi may reveal novel biological phenomena. The discovery of repeat- induced point mutation (RIP) occurred in this way (Selker et al., 1987b; Selker, 1990b). Second, fungi offer favorable systems to address general questions having to do with DNA methylation. Some fungi are extremely amenable to both genetic and molecular approaches, and may provide the easiest, fastest and cheapest means to understand the basics of the control and function of DNA methylation in eukaryotes. Since studies of DNA methylation in fungi are still in their infancy, in this chapter I will point out some attractions of studying methylation in fungi such as the ascomycete Neurospora crassa, the organism with which I am most familiar.
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) VSP for Imaging and Velocity Model Building (2015)

Abstract Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) deployed in multiple wells was used in Brunei for simultaneous recording of seismic signals emitted by a source grid on the surface. Such a configuration works similar to a 3D Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) survey with conventional geophones and provides interval velocities, time-depth relationship as well as images below the wells based on the reflected seismic rays. DAS VSP data has provided the opportunity of impacting asset performance by: (1) improving the image of the legacy 3D surface seismic by remigration using the updated shallow velocity model, thus minimizing both the structural as well as the depth uncertainty, and by (2) providing compelling DAS-only 2D and 3D images beneath the wells with higher resolution than the surface seismic. These can be employed for the reservoir static and dynamic model update and identification of sub-surface seismic faults and/or other events. Additionally, this technology presents the possibility of fluid monitoring in this type of reservoir where production is supported by water injection.
Engineered Biosynthesis of Gilvocarcin Analogues with Altered Deoxyhexopyranose Moieties (2010)

A combinatorial biosynthetic approach was used to interrogate the donor substrate flexibility of GilGT, the glycosyltransferase involved in C-glycosylation during gilvocarcin biosynthesis. Complementation of gilvocarcin mutant Streptomyces lividans TK24 (cosG9B3-U(-)), in which the biosynthesis of the natural sugar donor substrate was compromised, with various deoxysugar plasmids led to the generation of six gilvocarcin analogues with altered saccharide moieties. Characterization of the isolated gilvocarcin derivatives revealed five new compounds, including 4-β-C-D-olivosyl-gilvocarcin V (D-olivosyl GV), 4-β-C-D-olivosyl-gilvocarcin M (D-olivosyl GM), 4-β-C-D-olivosyl-gilvocarcin E (D-olivosyl GE), 4-α-C-L-rhamnosyl-gilvocarcin M (polycarcin M), 4-α-C-L-rhamnosyl-gilvocarcin E (polycarcin E), and the recently characterized 4-α-C-L-rhamnosyl-gilvocarcin V (polycarcin V). Preliminary anticancer assays showed that D-olivosyl-gilvocarcin and polycarcin V exhibit antitumor activities comparable to that of their parent drug congener, gilvocarcin V, against human lung cancer (H460), murine lung cancer (LL/2), and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Our findings demonstrate GilGT to be a moderately flexible C-glycosyltransferase able to transfer both D- and L-hexopyranose moieties to the unique angucyclinone-derived benzo[D]naphtho[1,2b]pyran-6-one backbone of the gilvocarcins.
Stereoselective synthesis of amino acid derivatives using carbohydrates as templates (1993)

Glycosylamines contain the easily cleavable semi-aminal-type N-glycosidic bond. O-Protected glycosylamines, therefore, can advantageously be used as a form of "asymmetric ammonia", for instance, in Strecker syntheses and in Ugi reactions to give amino acid amides as well as in modifications of the Mannich reaction.
Molecule-hugging graphene nanopores (2013)

It has recently been recognized that solid-state nanopores in single-atomic-layer graphene membranes can be used to electronically detect and characterize single long charged polymer molecules. We have now fabricated nanopores in single-layer graphene that are closely matched to the diameter of a double-stranded DNA molecule. Ionic current signals during electrophoretically driven translocation of DNA through these nanopores were experimentally explored and theoretically modeled. Our experiments show that these nanopores have unusually high sensitivity (0.65 nA/Å) to extremely small changes in the translocating molecule's outer diameter. Such atomically short graphene nanopores can also resolve nanoscale-spaced molecular structures along the length of a polymer, but do so with greatest sensitivity only when the pore and molecule diameters are closely matched. Modeling confirms that our most closely matched pores have an inherent resolution of ≤ 0.6 nm along the length of the molecule.
A Quantitative Ultrasonic Spectroscopy Method for Noninvasive Determination of Corneal Biomechanical Properties (2009)

The ultrasonically measured corneal biomechanical properties agreed well with the measurements obtained by using established techniques, validating the accuracy of the ultrasound method. Quantitative ultrasound spectroscopy may provide a noninvasive approach for in vivo characterization of corneal biomechanical properties.