gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transforming the cost of solar-to-electrical energy conversion: Integrating thin-film GaAs solar cells with non-tracking mini-concentrators (2015)

Practical solar energy solutions must not only reduce the cost of the module, but also address the substantial balance of system costs. Here, we demonstrate a counter-intuitive approach based on gallium arsenide solar cells that can achieve extremely low-cost solar energy conversion with an estimated cost of only 3% that of conventional gallium arsenide solar cells using an accelerated, non-destructive epitaxial lift-off wafer recycling process along with a lightweight, thermoformed plastic, truncated mini-compound parabolic concentrator that avoids the need for active solar tracking. Using solar cell/concentrator assemblies whose orientations are adjusted only a few times per year, the annual energy harvesting is increased by 2.8 times compared with planar solar cells without solar tracking. These results represent a potentially drastic cost reduction in both the module and the balance of system costs compared with heavy, rigid conventional modules and trackers that are subject to wind loading damage and high installation costs. Thin-film GaAs solar cells integrated with wide-acceptance-angle compound parabolic concentrators could slash solar energy costs. Researchers at the University of Michigan in the USA have dramatically reduced the material and fabrication costs of GaAs solar cells by using an accelerated, non-destructive epitaxial lift-off fabrication process and by incorporating mini concentrators. They estimate that the material and fabrication costs of these solar cells are a mere 3% those of analogous substrate-based GaAs cells and 11% those of solar cells produce by conventional epitaxial lift-off methods. The wide acceptance angles of the concentrators means that the solar cell orientation only needs adjusting a few times per year, eliminating the need to use expensive active solar tracking. Furthermore, the solar cells can be operated at or near room temperature, and hence do not require active cooling.
Development of a Passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Stack for Portable Applications (2004)

In this work, we describe the fabrication of a room temperature operating direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) device for portable electronic devices and its performance as an electrical power source for portable phone. The cell stack is completely passive without external pumps or other ancillary devices. It takes oxygen from the surrounding air, whereas the methanol solution is stored in a built-in reservoir. We achieved a maximum power as high as 2 W, which is largely commensurate with cell phone requirements. The DMFC coupled to DC-to-DC converter was capable of powering a cell phone. The maximum power consumption for talk mode was of 1.2 W while 1.8 W was withdrawn from the stack when receiving a call.
Low-Level CD4+ T Cell Activation Is Associated with Low Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection (2005)

Different features have been associated with low susceptibility to HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection in exposed seronegative individuals. These include genetic make-up such as homozygosity for the CCR5-Delta32 allele and the presence of HIV-specific CTLs. We studied immune activation and immune responsiveness in relation to HIV-1 susceptibility in 42 high-risk seronegative (HRSN) participants of the Amsterdam Cohort Studies and 54 men from the same cohort who were seronegative at the moment of analysis but later became HIV seropositive. HRSN had higher naive (CD45RO CD27) CD4 and CD8 T cell numbers and lower percentages of activated (HLADR CD38, CD70) CD4 and proliferating (Ki67) CD4 and CD8 T cells, irrespective of previous episodes of sexually transmittable infections. Furthermore, whole blood cultures from HRSN showed lower lymphoproliferative responses than healthy laboratory controls. These data suggest that low levels of immune activation and low T cell responsiveness may contribute to low HIV susceptibility.
Efficiency enhancement of natural dye sensitized solar cell by optimizing electrode fabrication parameters (2017)

Abstract Efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) depends on several interrelated factors such as type and concentration of dye, type and thickness of photoelectrode and counter electrode. Optimized combination of these factors leads to a more efficient cell. This paper presents the effect of these parameters on cell efficiency. TiO 2 nanoporous thin films of different thicknesses (5 μm to 25 μm) were fabricated on indium doped tin oxide (ITO) coated glass by doctor blading method and characterized by inverted microscope, stylus surface profiler and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Natural organic dye of different concentrations, extracted from turmeric, was prepared with ethanol solvent. Different combinations of dye concentrations and film thicknesses along with different types of carbon catalyst have been investigated by I-V characterization. The result shows that the cell made of a counter electrode catalyst material prepared by candle flame carbon combined with about 15 μm thick photoelectrode and 100 mg/mL dye in ethanol solvent, achieves the highest efficiency of 0.45 %, with open circuit voltage of 566 mV and short circuit current density of 1.02 mA/cm 2 .
Functional characterization of a StyS sensor kinase reveals distinct domains associated with intracellular and extracellular sensing of styrene inP. putidaCA-3 (2014)

Bacterial two-component systems (TCSs) are of vital importance in the translation of rapidly changing environmental conditions into appropriate cellular regulatory responses enabling adaptation, growth, and survival. The diverse range of environmental signals that TCSs can process, coupled with discrete modular domains within TCS proteins, offers considerable potential for the rational design of bio-sensor and/or bio-reporter strains. In this study we functionally characterize the multi-domain StyS sensor kinase associated with sensing of the aromatic pollutant styrene by Pseudomonas putida CA-3. Deletion analysis of discrete domains was performed and the ability of the truncated StyS sensor proteins to activate a cognate reporter system in an E. coli host assessed. The essential histidine kinase and PAS input domains were identified for StyS dependent activation of the reporter system. However, co-expression of an ABC-transporter protein StyE, previously linked to styrene transport in P. putida CA-3, enabled activation of the reporter system with a StyS construct containing a non-essential PAS input domain, suggesting a novel role for intracellular detection and/or activation. Site directed mutagenesis and amino acid deletions were employed to further characterize the PAS sensing domains of both input regions. The potential implications of these findings in the use of multi-domain sensor kinases in rational design strategies and the potential link between transport and intracellular sensing are discussed.
[Coronary artery bypass graft for Bland-White-Garland syndrome in an old age; report of a case]. (2010)

We report a case of Bland-White-Garland syndrome with advanced age. The patient, a 67-year-old women, presented with a history of congestive heart failure. Coronary catheterization revealed an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery (LCA) from the trunk of the pulmonary artery and huge right coronary aneurysm. Myocardial single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) showed previous myocardial infarction with reversible ischemia in left anterior descending (LAD) region. We performed LCA direct closure and coronary artery bypass graft. The patient recovered uneventfully without signs of ischemia. Although a bypass graft was patent, left ventricular function had not been improved immediately probably due to the coronary flow pattern changes.
Performance Characterization of Pressure Sensors Using an Improved Pressure Square Wave Generator (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Exercise Attenuates Tumor Growth Via Beta-2-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling In Murine Lymphoma (2022)

PURPOSE: Voluntary exercise has been shown to reduce tumor burden in several murine cancer models. The frequent mobilization and redistribution of effector lymphocytes (e.g. NK-cells, CD8+ T-cells) with exercise has been shown to enhance the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, potentially contributing to reductions in tumor growth. We have shown in humans that non-selective β1 + 2 adrenergic receptor (AR) blockade abrogates effector lymphocyte mobilization, whereas selective β1-AR blockade augments the response. We therefore hypothesize that β1 + 2-AR blockade will inhibit, whereas selective β1-AR blockade will enhance, the anti-tumor effects of exercise in an exercise-sensitive mouse model of lymphoma. METHODS: 8-12 week old male Balb/C mice were injected subcutaneously in the flank with 1 x 106 A20 lymphoma cells and assigned to either sedentary or exercise conditions. Groups were then further divided to include one of three different types of chow: (1) standard NIH chow, (2) NIH chow milled with a non-selective β1 + 2-AR antagonist (nadolol), and (3) NIH chow milled with a selective β1-AR antagonist (bisoprolol). Tumor progression was assessed with calipers every 3-4 days for 6 weeks. RESULTS: At week 6, sedentary mice consuming normal chow (3974.63 ± 557.80 mm3), nadolol chow (2943.94 ± 716.75 mm3), or bisoprolol chow (3088.62 ± 611.21 mm3) had comparable tumor burden. Exercising mice consuming normal chow or bisoprolol chow had significantly reduced tumor burden at week 6 relative to sedentary mice (882.56 ± 461.10 and 1398.50 ± 550.32 mm3, respectively; p < 0.0001). Interestingly, exercising mice consuming nadolol chow had tumor burden significantly greater than other exercising mice and were comparable to sedentary groups (3136.25 ± 883.93 mm3; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that the protective effects of voluntary wheel running on murine lymphoma growth are β2-AR but not β1-AR dependent. Whether these effects are due to catecholamine signaling in the tumor or to a greater level of tumor infiltration by mobilized effector lymphocytes remains to be determined. These findings may have implications for patients taking β-blockers during cancer treatment and provide insight into the mechanisms underpinning immune cell mobilization and tumor infiltration with exercise.
Multi-modal Cell Labelling for Quantification and Optimization of Stem Cell Delivery to Orthotopic Breast Tumors (2019)

Stem cells have been utilized as anti-cancer agents due to their ability to home to and integrate within tumors. Methods to augment stem cell homing to tumors are being investigated with the goal of enhancing treatment efficacy. However, it is currently not possible to evaluate both cell localization and cell viability after engraftment, hindering optimization of therapy. In this study, luciferase expressing human adipocyte derived stem cells (ADSCs) were labelled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) conjugated to Indium-111 to produce cells with tri-modal imaging capabilities. ADSCs were administered intravenously (IV) or intracardially (IC) to mice bearing 4T1 orthotopic breast tumors. Cell fate was monitored serially using bioluminescence imaging (BLI) as a measure of cell viability, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for cell localization and single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT) for cell quantification. BLI/MRI/SPECT imaging revealed differences in whole body cell distribution between injection routes. BLI showed the presence of viable ADSCs within tumors as early as 1-hour post IC injection compared to 3 days post IV injection. SPECT data showed the percentage of ADSCs within tumors to be 2-fold higher after IC than IV at 5-hour post injection. Whereas, MRI confirmed the localization of SPION labelled cells in tumors after IC injection but not IV. Finally, histological analysis was used to validate engraftment of ADSC within tumor tissue. These findings demonstrate that multi-modal imaging can be used to evaluate the efficiency of stem cell delivery to tumors and that IC cell administration is more effective for tumor targeting.&lt;br&gt;
Scientific Python for Both Expert and Novice Programmers (2012)

This column provides a review of an introductory book on the use of Python for scientific programming.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME NEW PYRAZOLONE DYES (1984)

Abstract Ausgehend von dem Pyrazolinon (I) wird auf dem im Formelschema gezeigten Weg das Semicarbazon (V) erhalten, das mit Selendioxid (VI) zum Selenadiazol (VII) cyclisiert wird.
Stylometric analysis of Early Modern English plays (2017)

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.
Autocatalytic Networks: An Intimate Relation between Network Topology and Dynamics (2021)

We study a family of networks of autocatalytic reactions, which we call hyperchains, that are a generalization of hypercycles. Hyperchains and the associated dynamical system called replicator equations are a possible mechanism for macromolecular evolution and proposed to play a role in abiogenesis, the origin of life from prebiotic chemistry. The same dynamical system also occurs in evolutionary game dynamics, in genetic selection, and as Lotka--Volterra equations of ecology. An arrow in a hyperchain encapsulates the enzymatic influence of one species on the autocatalytic replication of another. We show that the network topology of a hyperchain, which captures all such enzymatic influences, is intimately related to the dynamical properties of the mass action system it generates. Dynamical properties such as existence, uniqueness, and stability of a positive equilibrium, as well as permanence, are determined by graph-theoretic properties such as existence of a spanning linear subgraph, being unrooted, being cyclic, and Hamiltonicity.
Basic Research : The Orphan Nuclear Receptor SHP Attenuates Renal Fibrosis (2009)

The accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins is a common feature of fibrotic kidney diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that TGF-β and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) promote the development of renal fibrosis by stimulating the generation and inhibiting the removal of matrix proteins. The small heterodimer partner (SHP) represses PAI-1 expression in the liver by inhibiting TGF-β signaling, but whether SHP inhibits renal fibrosis is unknown. Here, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) markedly increased the expression of PAI-1, type I collagen, and fibronectin but decreased SHP gene expression. Moreover, in kidneys of SHP-/- mice, the expression of PAI-1, type I collagen, fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were higher compared with those in kidneys of wild-type mice. In addition, loss of SHP accelerated renal fibrosis after UUO. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of SHP in cultured rat mesangial cells and renal tubular epithelial cells inhibited TGF-β-stimulated expression of PAI-1, type I collagen, and fibronectin. SHP inhibited TGF-β-and Smad3-stimulated PAI-1 promoter activities as well as TGF-β-stimulated binding of Smad3 to its consensus response element on the PAI-1 promoter. Similarly, in vivo, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of SHP in the kidney inhibited the expression of UUO-induced PAI-1, type I collagen, fibronectin, and α-SMA. In summary, SHP attenuates renal fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy, making its pathway a possible therapeutic target for chronic kidney disease.
A Novel Topoisomerase Inhibitor, Daurinol, Suppresses Growth of HCT116 Cells with Low Hematological Toxicity Compared to Etoposide (2011)

We report that daurinol, a novel arylnaphthalene lignan, is a promising potential anticancer agent with adverse effects that are less severe than those of etoposide, a clinical anticancer agent. Despite its potent antitumor activity, clinical use of etoposide is limited because of its adverse effects, including myelosuppression and the development of secondary leukemia. Here, we comprehensively compared the mechanistic differences between daurinol and etoposide because they have similar chemical structures. Etoposide, a topoisomerase II poison, is known to attenuate cancer cell proliferation through the inhibition of DNA synthesis. Etoposide treatment induces G(2)/M arrest, severe DNA damage, and the formation of giant nuclei in HCT116 cells. We hypothesized that the induction of DNA damage and nuclear enlargement due to abnormal chromosomal conditions could give rise to genomic instability in both tumor cells and in actively dividing normal cells, resulting in the toxic adverse effects of etoposide. We found that daurinol is a catalytic inhibitor of human topoisomerase IIa, and it induces S-phase arrest through the enhanced expression of cyclins E and A and by activation of the ATM/Chk/Cdc25A pathway in HCT116 cells. However, daurinol treatment did not cause DNA damage or nuclear enlargement in vitro. Finally, we confirmed the in vivo antitumor effects and adverse effects of daurinol and etoposide in nude mice xenograft models. Daurinol displayed potent antitumor effects without any significant loss of body weight or changes in hematological parameters, whereas etoposide treatment led to decreased body weight and white blood cell, red blood cell, and hemoglobin concentration.
Characteristic of Porous Discharge Electrode Connected with the Ground in Atomization Corona Discharging (2013)

An electrode structure possessing porous arrays has been put forward to atomize water and induce corona discharges. Therefore, based on the experimental researches of the status of corona discharge and V-I characteristics, atomization conditions, the impact of water supply and the purification effect have been studied. The results show that the porous discharging electrode with water supply is of excellent electro-hydro-dynamic (EHD) atomization characteristics and can attain better atomization status. Based on the V-I characteristics from the orthogonal experiments between porous electrode length and space, corona discharging process has been attained under the conditions of 10 mm electrode length and 40 mm electrode space. Furthermore, by means of controlling the velocity of water supply, the two processes of corona discharge and water atomization can exist stably and synchronously. In addition, the charged droplets with high speed via porous electrode water-atomization and corona discharge spray to the collecting electrode and form an even water film and the washing effect of it to the electrode is quite effective. It needs to be emphasized that the adoption of electrode system with water supply connected with the ground can carry out the water atomization corona discharge feasible to capturing particulate matters (PM).
Cofermentation of Glucose, Xylose, and Arabinose by Mixed Cultures of Two Genetically Engineered Zymomonas mobilis Strains (1998)

Cofermentation of xylose and arabinose, in addition to glucose, is critical for complete bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass, such as agricultural residues and herbaceous energy crops, to ethanol. A factorial design experiment was used to evaluate the cofermentation of glucose, xylose, and arabinose with mixed cultures of two genetically engineered Zymomonas mobilis strains (one ferments xylose and the other arabinose). The pH range studied was 5.0-6.0, and the temperature range was 30-37°C. The individual sugar concentrations used were 30 g/L glucose, 30 g/L xylose, and 20 g/L arabinose. The optimal cofermentation conditions obtained by data analysis, using Design Expert software, were pH 5.85 and temperature 31.5°C. The cofermentation process yield at optimal conditions was 72.5% of theoritical maximum. The results showed that neither the arabinose strain nor arabinose affected the performance of the xylose strain; however, both xylose strain and xylose had a significant effect on the performance of the arabinose strain. Although cofermentation of all three sugars is achieved by the mixed cultures, there is a preferential order of sugar utilization. Glucose is used rapidly, then xylose, followed by arabinose.
Iron Metal Production by Bulk Electrolysis of Iron Ore Particles in Aqueous Media (2008)

International audience
Reliable Count of Seizures using Diaries versus Video Electroencephalography for Seizures of KCNQ2-DEE (4934) (2020)

We sought evidence as to whether seizures in infants and young children with KCNQ2 Development Epileptic Encephalopathy (KCNQ2-DEE) could be reliably counted using diaries, with seizure behaviors previously confirmed using video electroencephalography (VEEG).
Aventine (2018)

Abstract Aventine ( Mons Aventinus ) was the most southerly of Rome's seven hills. Ancus Marcius added the hill to the city but it was not until the reign of Claudius that it was included in the pomerium . The hill had a special position in Roman myth because of its connections with Hercules and with Romulus and Remus. In the historical period, it was home to a number of temples and other religious sites, pagan and Christian. The area was well‐populated in antiquity by rich and poor alike. Ancient and modern sources have regarded the Aventine as a plebeian stronghold but this may be a convenient fiction based on Gaius Gracchus’ occupation of the hill in 121 bce .
CASTLE (2018)

CASTLE is a Compression-based main memory Architecture realizing a read-decrypt-free (i.e., write-only) Secure solution for low laTency, Low Energy, high endurance non-volatile memories (NVMs). CASTLE integrates pattern-based data compression and incomplete data mapping (i.e., expansion coding) to improve NVM energy, latency, and lifetime without impacting the security guarantees of the underlying security architecture. System-level simulations of a TLC RRAM architecture show that CASTLE reduces memory energy by 19% and write latency by 38.7%, and improves lifetime by 1.8× over state-of-the-art solutions for NVM security.
Design and development of the quadrupedal research platform JROB-2 (2003)

In order to meet the demand for a research platform of intelligent robotics, a quadrupedal research platform JROB-2 has been developed. This paper presents the design and development of the quadrupedal walking robot JROB-2. The JROB-2 consists of five parts: a quadrupedal walking mechanism, an embedded PC, servo amplifiers, power supplies, and a high speed stereo camera head. The stereo camera head can track the sinusoidal joint trajectory of the 15' amplitude and about 30 Hz frequency. The performance of the developed camera head is high enough to imitate the human eye movement such as saccade and pursuit. Almost all components of the JROB-2 are commercially available, and thus, its development cost is reduced and its maintenance becomes much easier. It is expected that the JROB-2 will serve as a good research platform for the studies of robotics and artificial intelligence.
Second harmonic generation by mixing of Bessel and Gaussian light beams (2002)

Summary form only given. As it has been shown previously, for the processes of three-wave mixing of Bessel light beams (BLBs) to be effective, the realization of not only longitudinal but also transversal synchronism is necessary. Along with the second harmonic generation (SHG) with BLBs only, the interaction between Bessel and Gaussian beams is also of practical interest. The purpose of this work is to determine the conditions of longitudinal and transversal synchronism for this kind of interactions. We studied the process of SHG of a Nd laser radiation in a KTiOPO/sub 4/ crystal for three types of fundamental-frequency light beams.