gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported dermatomyositis and polymyositis flare symptoms are associated with disability, productivity loss, and health care resource use (2020)

<b>BACKGROUND:</b> Flare activity or worsening symptoms are not well defined for myositis. <b>OBJECTIVES:</b> To (a) characterize dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) flares from the patient perspective and (b) report the corresponding disability and rate of unplanned medical encounters. <b>METHODS:</b> Online survey data were collected from volunteer patients from The Myositis Association and Johns Hopkins Myositis Center. Flare frequency; Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI), HAQ-Pain Index, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) scales; emergency department/urgent care (ED/UC) visits; and hospital admissions during the past year were examined. <b>RESULTS:</b> 564 individuals with selfreported diagnoses of DM/PM were surveyed between December 2017 and May 2018. Recall of symptom flares was reported by 524 respondents (78.1% were female, mean age of 55 years). Among the respondents, 378 (72.1%) reported ≥ 1 flare in the past year. The pattern of flare frequency was similar for DM and PM respondents. The most common symptoms were muscle weakness (83%), extreme fatigue (78%), and muscle pain/discomfort (64%). Increasing flare frequency was associated with significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.01) greater mean HAQ-DI and HAQ-Pain scores, myositis-related ED/UC visits, hospital admissions, WPAI work productivity loss (among those employed), and WPAI nonwork activity impairment. <b>CONCLUSIONS:</b> DM/PM-related flares are common with exacerbations of muscle weakness and fatigue being the most common flare symptoms. Flare frequency was associated with greater disability, pain, work productivity loss, nonwork activity impairment, and increased ED/UC utilization. Higher frequency of patient-reported flares may serve as a marker of worsening physical functioning and intensifying health care needs and, therefore, suggests their importance in the clinical assessment of patients with DM/PM. <b>DISCLOSURES:</b> This study was supported by Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals (Bedminster, NJ) via grants to Vedanta Research and The Myositis Association. Christopher-Stine has received compensation from previous Mallinckrodt Advisory Board meetings, unrelated to this subject matter. Wan is an employee of Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals and is a stockholder of the company. Reed and Bostic received grant support from Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals for data collection and analysis. McGowan is an employee of The Myositis Foundation, which received grant funding to support study data collection. Kelly has no conflicts to disclose. This study was presented, in part or full, at the 2019 Annual American College of Rheumatology and Association of Rheumatology Professional Meeting (November 8-13, 2018; Atlanta, GA) and at the Third Global Conference on Myositis (March 27, 2019; Berlin, Germany).
A novel class of hierarchical higher order tangential vector finite elements for electromagnetics (2002)

Node based finite elements are not suitable for modeling the vector nature of electromagnetic fields. Tangential vector finite elements (TVFEs) overcome most of the shortcomings of node based finite elements and for various element shapes, several TVFEs of different orders have previously been presented. For a triangular element, this paper presents a novel class of hierarchical higher order TVFEs that differs significantly from traditional TVFEs. For a simple application, the paper demonstrates that the performance of one of these new TVFEs is equivalent to the performance of a traditional mixed order TVFE. However, the hierarchical nature of the new TVFEs may make them a better choice than traditional TVFEs. A homogeneously filled rectangular waveguide is considered as an example.
Selective sensitivity of solid tumors to suramin in primary cultures of tumor cells from patients (1995)

The antineoplastic activity of suramin is currently the subject of clinical trials. We therefore used the semi-automated fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay (FMCA) to evaluate the cytotoxicity of suramin in vitro in primary cultures of cells from patients with hematological or solid tumors. The activity patterns of some standard cytotoxic agents were included for comparison. A total of 159 samples were tested using continuous drug exposure. Suramin showed relatively high activity against solid tumors, with colorectal, adrenal and kidney carcinomas being the most sensitive, whereas hematological malignancies were more resistant. Suramin and standard drugs showed very low cross-resistance. The results indicate that suramin is differentially active against some solid tumors with comparatively little activity against hematological tumors. The study provides an experimental motive for evaluation of suramin therapy in patients with solid tumors and exploration of less toxic suramin analogues.
Transport of β‐alanine and biosynthesis of carnosine by skeletal muscle cells in primary culture (1994)

Uptake of beta-alanine and synthesis of carnosine (beta-alanyl-histidine) could be demonstrated in primary cell cultures derived from embryonic chick pectoral muscle. Concomitant with the morphological changes, cessation of cell division and the induction of creatine kinase, a rapid increase in the rate of beta-alanine uptake and also in the rate of carnosine synthesis could be observed. The uptake of beta-alanine is sodium and chloride dependent and obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Km values of about 40 microM that are essentially identical for myoblasts and myotubes. In contrast, Vmax increases considerably during differentiation. The beta-alanine transport system is highly specific for beta-amino acids and exhibits a substantial anion dependency (Cl- > J- > CSN- > SO(4)2-). Stoichiometric studies suggest that the transport of one beta-alanine molecule involves two sodium ions and one chloride ion. This ratio is not altered by the process of cell differentiation.
Unusual multiscale mechanics of biomimetic nanoparticle hydrogels (2018)

Viscoelastic properties are central for gels and other materials. Simultaneously, high storage and loss moduli are difficult to attain due to their contrarian requirements to chemical structure. Biomimetic inorganic nanoparticles offer a promising toolbox for multiscale engineering of gel mechanics, but a conceptual framework for their molecular, nanoscale, mesoscale, and microscale engineering as viscoelastic materials is absent. Here we show nanoparticle gels with simultaneously high storage and loss moduli from CdTe nanoparticles. Viscoelastic figure of merit reaches 1.83 MPa exceeding that of comparable gels by 100-1000 times for glutathione-stabilized nanoparticles. The gels made from the smallest nanoparticles display the highest stiffness, which was attributed to the drastic change of GSH configurations when nanoparticles decrease in size. A computational model accounting for the difference in nanoparticle interactions for variable GSH configurations describes the unusual trends of nanoparticle gel viscoelasticity. These observations are generalizable to other NP gels interconnected by supramolecular interactions and lead to materials with high-load bearing abilities and energy dissipation needed for multiple technologies.
Pan B and T cell markers in cutaneous tuberculosis: An immunohistochemical study (2007)

Histopathology of tuberculosis and leprosy is expected to correlate with the clinical and gross pathological aspects of the disease. However, this may not be the case, particularly in tuberculosis. This reflects our inadequate interpretation of the cellular events in tissues. The advent of immunocytochemistry for finding the cell types in lesions and some of their functions have helped in the interpretation of these changes. Immunocytochemical studies using monoclonal antibodies have shown consistent relationship between histology and lymphocyte organization in leprosy, a related mycobacterial disease. The study of the patterns of cellular responses in the granuloma <i> per se</i> from the different clinical expressions of tuberculosis is essential to comprehend the different immunopathogenic mechanisms in each. CD stands for cluster designation and is a nomenclature for the identification of specific cell surface antigens defined as monoclonal antibodies. This procedure can be applied to both formalin-fixed and frozen tissues. It is very helpful in identifying subpopulations of T and B cell lymphocytes. CD3 T cell is marked by receptors for antigen recognition, while CD20 is meant for Pan B cells and dendritic cells. Since CMI is the preeminent immune response to the <i> Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> infection, interaction of antigen-presenting cells with antigen specific B and T lymphocytes is of paramount importance, which should be accompanied by cytokine production and liberation. The present study is undertaken for evaluating the cell types in lesions of cutaneous tuberculosis and some of their functions using B and T cell markers.
Structure-Activity Relationship and Mode of Action of a Frog Secreted Antibacterial Peptide B1CTcu5 Using Synthetically and Modularly Modified or Deleted (SMMD) Peptides (2015)

All life forms are equipped with rapidly acting, evolutionally conserved components of an innate immune defense system that consists of a group of unique and diverse molecules known as host defense peptides (HDPs). A Systematic and Modular Modification and Deletion (SMMD) approach was followed to analyse the structural requirement of B1CTcu5, a brevinin antibacterial peptide amide identified from the skin secretion of frog Clinotarsus curtipes, India, to show antibacterial activity and to explore the active core region. Seventeen SMMD-B1CTcu5 analogs were designed and synthesised by C and N-terminal amino acid substitution or deletion. Enhancement in cationicity by N-terminal Lys/Arg substitution or hydrophobicity by Trp substitution produced no drastic change in bactericidal nature against selected bacterial strains except S. aureus. But the sequential removal of N-terminal amino acids had a negative effect on bactericidal potency. Analog B1CTcu5-LIAG obtained by the removal of four N-terminal amino acids displayed bactericidal effect comparable to, or in excess of, the parent peptide with reduced hemolytic character. Its higher activity was well correlated with the improved inner membrane permeabilisation capacity. This region may act as the active core of B1CTcu5. Presence of C-terminal disulphide bond was not a necessary condition to display antibacterial activity but helped to promote hemolytic nature. Removal of the C-terminal rana box region drastically reduced antibacterial and hemolytic activity of the peptide, showing that this region is important for membrane targeting. The bactericidal potency of the D-peptide (DB1CTcu5) helped to rule out the stereospecific interaction with the bacterial membrane. Our data suggests that both the C and N-terminal regions are necessary for bactericidal activity, even though the active core region is located near the N-terminal of B1CTcu5. A judicious modification at the N-terminal region may produce a short SMMD analog with enhanced bactericidal activity and low toxicity against eukaryotic cells.
Anodic deposition of NiOOH from nickel acetate solutions at constant potential (1966)

Potentiostatic methods have been used to investigate the kinetics of electrodeposition of NiOOH from buffered acetate solutions. The dependence of the rate constants governing crystal growth upon potential, pH, and Ni2+ ion concentration has been measured. The initial formation of a very thin oxide layer by three-dimensional growth of centres is indicated, and a tentative mechanism for lattice growth is proposed involving discharge of hydroxyl ions as the slow stage.
Electrically Steerable Single-Layer Microstrip Travelling Wave Antenna With Varactor Diode Based (2006)

The menstrual pictogram (SAP-c version) is a potential diagnostic tool for heavy menstrual bleeding and would be suitable for testing in a clinical trial.
Study on jamming effect of pseudo-random binary-phase-coded fuze based on starting probability (2009)

Under radio frequency (RF) noise jamming, jamming effect of pseudo-random binary-phase-coded fuze (PRBPCF) is researched based on its starting probability. Analysis model of starting probability is set up, and the starting probability of the PRBPCF is deduced under RF noise jamming, Factors influencing the starting probability are discussed. The simulation results show that jamming effect of the PRBPCF is affected not only by jamming to signal ratio(JSR) of reaching receiver and interference bandwidth, but by pseudo-random code period, code-element width, receiver bandwidth, Doppler frequency. Theory and practice prove starting probability is practicable to be used to evaluate jamming effect of the PRBPCF, and can be applied to engineering practice.
Dual targeting of mitochondrial function and mTOR pathway as a therapeutic strategy for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (2018)

Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas (DIPG) are the most devastating of all pediatric brain tumors. They mostly affect young children and, as there are no effective treatments, almost all patients with DIPG will die of their tumor within 12 months of diagnosis. A key feature of this devastating tumor is its intrinsic resistance to all clinically available therapies. It has been shown that glioma development is associated with metabolic reprogramming, redox state disruption and resistance to apoptotic pathways. The mitochondrion is an attractive target as a key organelle that facilitates these critical processes. PENAO is a novel anti-cancer compound that targets mitochondrial function by inhibiting adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT). Here we found that DIPG neurosphere cultures express high levels of ANT2 protein and are sensitive to the mitochondrial inhibitor PENAO through oxidative stress, while its apoptotic effects were found to be further enhanced upon co-treatment with mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus. This combination therapy was found to act through inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, HSP90 and activation of AMPK. <i>In vivo</i> experiments employing an orthotopic model of DIPG showed a marginal anti-tumour effect likely due to poor penetration of the inhibitors into the brain. Further testing of this anti-DIPG strategy with compounds that penetrate the BBB is warranted.
Continuous production of miniemulsions using in‐line SMX elements (2010)

Abstract The preparation and stabilization of miniemulsion systems using SMX static mixers (in line with a pump and reservoir tank) and in situ generated surfactants is presented. Neutralization of a water‐soluble base with an oil‐soluble long chain acid, generating a in situ surfactant at the interface, results in rapid stabilization and emulsification compared to preformed surfactant that must diffuse to, then adsorb on the droplets. As the flow rates (50–75 g/s) and number of mixing elements (7–21 SMX mixers) in series increase, the emulsification time reduces by ∼30‐folds (14 vs. 0.5 min). The reduction in the emulsification time required to produce a stable emulsion at 75 g/s and 21 mixing elements more than compensated for the higher pressure in the emulsification loop, consuming five times less energy than what would be consumed when working at 50 g/s and 7 SMX elements. Subsequently, with the rapid emulsification step, it was possible to test the feasibility of a continuous process for direct emulsification followed by polymerization. Comparing this process with a batch process, similar results for the number of particles/number of droplets ratio and conversion were obtained, but the continuous process was accomplished in a single step. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
UGT85A84 Catalyzes the Glycosylation of Aromatic Monoterpenes in Osmanthus fragrans Lour. Flowers (2019)

The monoterpenes linalool and its oxides are the key aroma-active compounds in <i>Osmanthus fragrans</i> Lour. flowers. The glycosides of these monoterpenes accumulate throughout flowering, leading to considerable storage of potential aroma constituents that account for the majority of non-volatile aroma compounds. However, the UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) responsible for the glycosylation of linalool and its oxides has not been clarified. Four candidate <i>OfUGTs</i> (<i>UGT85A82</i>, <i>UGT85A83</i>, <i>UGT85AF3</i>, and <i>UGT85A84</i>) with high homology to the known terpenoid UGTs were screened by transcriptome sequencing. Over-expression of the candidate <i>OfUGTs</i> in tobacco showed that UGT85A84 glycosylated linalool oxides <i>in planta</i>. Since the transcript levels of <i>UGT85A84</i> were positively correlated with glycoside accumulation, the recombinant UGT85A84 protein was subjected to reactions with aglycones and sugar donors. Two formate adducts were exclusively detected in UDP-Glc with linalool and linalool oxide reactions by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), indicating that UDP-Glc was the specific sugar donor. The kinetic parameters demonstrated that UGT85A84 glycosylated both linalool and lianlool oxides <i>in vitro</i>. Further analysis demonstrated that the transcription levels of MEP pathway genes might play an important role in mediating terpenoid glycosylation. Our findings unraveled the mechanism underlying the glycosylation of essential aroma compounds in flowers. This study will facilitate the application of potential aroma contributors in future industries.
Untersuchungen zur Toleranzentwicklung unter PETN (1995)

Die meisten Nitrovasodilatatoren erzeugen im Verlauf einer kontinuierlichen, hochdosierten Therapie innerhalb weniger Tage Toleranzphänomene (Rudolph et al. 1990; Elkayam U, 1991; Fung HL, 1993). An chronisch instrumentierten Hunden wurde PETN untersucht. In diesem Modell konnte durch eine ununterbrochene Gabe von Nitroglyzerin (1,5 μg/kg/min) und ähnlichen Vasodilatatoren eine komplette Toleranz nach 2 Tagen ausgelöst werden (Stewart et al., 1993; Fink B und Bassenge E, 1995).
Examinations on the prevalence of footpad lesions and breast skin lesions in British United Turkeys Big 6 fattening turkeys in Germany. Part I: Prevalence of footpad lesions (2011)

The present study demonstrates the prevalence of footpad lesions in turkeys and their level of expression in both live birds and in carcasses. In clinical investigations of 11,860 turkeys (5,740 males, 6,120 females) of the strain British United Turkeys Big 6, individuals of all the observed flocks showed alterations to the plantar skin. In general, the degree and severity of skin alterations were higher in the 16th week of life than in the 6th or 11th week of life. Epithelial necrosis, however, was already apparent in about 45% of individuals in the 6th week of life. At this point, deep lesions on the footpad surface were still rare findings. In the 11th week of life, such skin changes were apparent in 14.7% of males and 25.7% of hens. In general, the feet of male turkeys were less affected by footpad damage than those of females in the subsequent fattening period. In hens, the prevalence of lesions of the footpads at wk 16 of age was 60.0%, almost twice as high as in males of the same age group (33.8%). A comparison of the findings from the right and left feet showed that the state of the 2 extremities was correlated (Spearman correlation: r = 0.830). During the visual inspection of 16,200 slaughtered turkeys (7,800 males, 8,400 hens), almost all carcasses studied showed alterations to the footpad skin. Only 2.1% of males and 0.6% of females were without lesions. The most frequently observed lesions measured up to 2 cm in diameter (males: 59.2%; hens: 57.7%). Pronounced skin lesions of the footpad (males: 21.1%; females: 29.5%) and necrosis of the superficial epithelium (males: 17.5%; females: 12.1%) were less common. Foot abscesses were diagnosed only sporadically (males: 0.1%; females: 0.1%).
Power transmission of a desk with a cord-free power supply (2002)

The battery is an indispensable component of portable electronic equipment, but charging is often inconvenient. A contactless electric power supply, such as the desk-type contactless power station (CLPS) we propose, significantly improves the ease of charging such equipment. In this system, primary coils are embedded into the desk surface to efficiently supply electrical power to portable equipment placed on the desk. Only the primary and the secondary coils facing each other work as a power transmitter. We have confirmed that electric power transmission with efficiency of 85 /spl plusmn/ 5% can be attained anywhere on the desk. This examination reveals the effectiveness of using several primary coils.
Continuous Rectangular Phoenix Cells Mapping for Direct Copolar and Crosspolar Optimization of Quasi-Periodic Reflective Surfaces (2023)

This paper proposes a general methodology to enhance the efficiency of the direct optimization of the copolar and crosspolar radiation of large aperture quasi-periodic reflective surfaces (QPRS) antennas by ensuring the layout continuity without abrupt geometrical variation. This is done through the exploitation of the Phoenix cells (PC) properties, by efficiently parametrizing and interpolating PC lookup tables. In particular, the proposed parametrization allows the description of the QPRS layout through continuous functions without losing precision. Indeed, the description of the QPRS through continuous functions, namely B-spline functions, allows for to reduction of the large- scale optimization problem dimensions and naturally ensures the layout smoothness. A use case of a large faceted contour beam reflectarray (RA) is presented, showing a remarkable improvement in both the copolar and the crosspolar discrimination levels compared to classical synthesis techniques and the RA layout smoothness is practically demonstrated.
Using algebraic specifications to find sequencing defects (2002)

One class of program defect results from illegal sequences of otherwise legal operations in software implementations. Expressions that specify the correct sequences can be written in the Cecil sequencing constraint language. Programs can then be checked at compile time by the Cesar analysis system. Explicit statement of sequencing constraints, however, is not a common activity when specifying software even when using formal specification methods. In this paper, we describe methods to derive constraints on program execution sequences from algebraic specifications. We provide heuristic methods for generating these constraints from the specifications and generalize the methods into automatable rules. Using these generated constraints, we can then detect sequencing defects in software before dynamic testing begins.
Measurement of Photo-Induced Refractive Index Change in As<inf>0.42-x-y</inf>Ge<inf>x</inf>Sb<inf>y</inf>S<inf>0.58</inf> Bulks Induced by Fs Near IR Laser Exposure (2007)

Fs MR exposure has been used to induce refractive index change in bulks in the As <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.42-x-y</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Sb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.58</sub> system. Photo- induced Deltan has been investigated as a function of laser dose by measuring diffraction efficiency of buried gratings.