gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VR Sickness Versus VR Presence: A Statistical Prediction Model (2020)

Although it is well-known that the negative effects of VR sickness, and the desirable sense of presence are important determinants of a user's immersive VR experience, there remains a lack of definitive research outcomes to enable the creation of methods to predict and/or optimize the trade-offs between them. Most VR sickness assessment (VRSA) and VR presence assessment (VRPA) studies reported to date have utilized simple image patterns as probes, hence their results are difficult to apply to the highly diverse contents encountered in general, real-world VR environments. To help fill this void, we have constructed a large, dedicated VR sickness/presence (VR-SP) database, which contains 100 VR videos with associated human subjective ratings. Using this new resource, we developed a statistical model of spatio-temporal and rotational frame difference maps to predict VR sickness. We also designed an exceptional motion feature, which is expressed as the correlation between an instantaneous change feature and averaged temporal features. By adding additional features (visual activity, content features) to capture the sense of presence, we use the new data resource to explore the relationship between VRSA and VRPA. We also show the aggregate VR-SP model is able to predict VR sickness with an accuracy of 90% and VR presence with an accuracy of 75% using the new VR-SP dataset.
Urinary metabonomic study of lung cancer by a fully automatic hyphenated hydrophilic interaction/RPLC‐MS system (2010)

Lung cancer is one of the most common and lethal cancers in the world. In this study, a home-devised hydrophilic interaction chromatography/RPLC-MS (HILIC/RPLC-MS) system was developed to study the urinary metabonomics of lung cancer patients. This system combined the orthogonal selectivity of HILIC and RPLC and could chromatographically reveal more comprehensive information of the urinary metabolites. Within a total analysis time of 50 min, we detected 577 polar metabolite ions on the first HILIC column and 261 apolar ones on the second RPLC column. In addition, an orthogonal signal correction partial least-squares discriminant analysis model was constructed to characterize differences between health and lung cancer cases. Eleven potential biomarkers, ten from HILIC column and one from the second RP column, were identified and all of these biomarkers were found upregulated in lung cancer patients. Overall, the results indicated that the developed HILIC/RPLC-MS system is a promising tool for metabonomic studies in revealing more information of highly complex samples.
Induction of intra‐articular tumour necrosis factor during acute inflammatory responses in equine arthritis (1995)

Synovial fluid (SF) was collected at 2, 12 and 26 h post racing from 5 Thoroughbred horses (6 joints) with degenerative joint disease. The effects of serial arthrocentesis on SF TNF alpha levels were controlled for by testing, in parallel, site- and time-matched samples from clinically normal horses (i.e. without arthritis). A significant induction in TNF alpha bioactivity was detected in SF from arthritic joints (compared to the control joints) over the 26 h following racing. After subtraction of values for the arthrocentesis control SF, TNF alpha and protein levels and WBC and mononuclear cell numbers each peaked at 12 h in the SF from the degenerative joints, although there were no statistically significant correlations between any of these parameters. The presence in the SF of TNF alpha, as well as immunoreactive IL-1 beta and IL-6, was confirmed through use of specific anti-human cytokine IgG antibodies in neutralisation and slot-blot radioimmunoassays. TNF beta was not detected in the SF by slot-blot radioimmunoassay. These results suggest that a significant increase in intra-articular TNF alpha occurs during acute inflammatory arthritis in horses. The lack of correlation between infiltrating inflammatory cells and SF TNF alpha levels further suggests that the source of TNF alpha may be resident cells of the joint, as opposed to infiltrating cells found within the joint fluids. SF from clinically normal and arthritic joints of racing and hospitalised horses were also screened for bioactive TNF alpha.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Lipid-lowering Effects of Two Synthetic Oestrogen Derivatives with Weak Genital Oestrogen Properties (1985)

The effects on serum lipids of two weak synthetic oestrogens were examined in 23 patients, 17 of whom were given cyclofenil and 6 methallenestril for a period of 10 weeks. These compounds have previously been demonstrated to have a much lower effect on the genital organs than on connective tissue compared with natural oestrogens. With both substances there were during treatment significant reductions of serum triglycerides (mean average reduction 25%) and cholesterol (20%). No side effects were noted. Previous studies have shown that the net effects of oestrogens on serum lipids depend on their formulation. This study indicates that weak synthetic oestrogens, primarily designed to influence bone and connective tissue, also have lipid-lowering properties which are unrelated to their feminizing capacity.
Lyso‐globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso‐Gb3) levels in neonates and adults with the Fabry disease later‐onset GLA IVS4+919G>A mutation (2012)

Lyso-globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3) is a useful biomarker in the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment for Fabry disease. However, it is unclear whether lyso-Gb3 is elevated in patients with later-onset Fabry disease. Thus, we measured lyso-Gb3 levels from dried blood spots (DBS) from male newborns with the Fabry disease later-onset phenotype, IVS4+919G>A mutation, and their family members. The lyso-Gb3 levels were below the detection limit in normal control newborns and were slightly higher in adults. In males of all ages with the IVS4+919G>A mutation, lyso-Gb3 levels were elevated and were higher than in age-matched controls. The elevation of lyso-Gb3 levels in males with the IVS4+919G>A mutation was only slightly elevated compared with patients with the classical Fabry phenotype. The measurement of lyso-Gb3 levels is useful in the diagnosis of Fabry disease, including the later-onset phenotype. The DBS lyso-Gb3 level was not elevated in IVS4+919G>A heterozygotes, and is not useful for their diagnosis. Since lyso-Gb3 levels are elevated from birth in Fabry disease males, "an elevated lyso-Gb3 level" may be of little values for deciding when to begin enzyme replacement therapy.
Dispatch and Primary Frequency Control With Electrochemical Storage: A System-wise Verification (2018)

Uncertainty levels in forecasting of renewable generation and demand are known to affect the amount of reserve required to operate the power grid with a given level of reliability. In this paper, we quantify the effects on the system reserve and reliability, due to the local dispatch of stochastic demand and renewable generation. The analysis is performed considering the model of the IEEE 39-bus system, with detailed dynamic models of conventional generation, wind generation, demand and an under frequency load shedding mechanism. The analysis compares two cases: the base case, where renewable generation and demand power are stochastic and the power reserve is provided by conventional generation, against the case where the operation of traditionally stochastic resources is dispatched according to preestablished dispatch plans thanks to controlling local flexibility. Simulations reproduce the post-contingency dynamic behavior of the grid due to outages of generators. The contingencies are selected to trigger under frequency load shedding mechanisms, hence to demonstrate the different levels of system operation reliability for the two case studies. Simulation results show that dispatching traditionally stochastic generation scores better regarding to expected energy not served, producing an increase of the system reliability.
Writing a First OpenMP Program (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction, Matrix Times Vector Operation, Using OpenMP to Parallelize the Matrix Times Vector Product, Keeping Sequential and Parallel Programs as a Single Source Code, Wrap-Up
Amplified follicular immune complex deposition in mice lacking the Fc receptor gamma-chain does not alter maturation of the B cell response (1997)

The role of Ag-Ab complexes (or immune complexes; ICs) in the regulation of the maturation of the B cell immune response was investigated in mice perturbed in the deposition and retention of such complexes. Loss of surface expression of Fc gammaRI and Fc gammaRIII due to targeted disruption of the common FcR gamma-chain gene results in dramatically increased deposition of ICs on follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in germinal centers (GCs), attributed to altered clearance of circulating ICs. Despite these changes in the trapping of ICs by FDCs, serum Ab production, V gene hypermutation, isotype class switching and Ab affinity maturation are overtly unaltered. Thus, substantially augmenting B cell cognate Ag density on FDCs does not alter the outcome of the maturation of the B cell response. The significance of this finding in terms of the currently accepted model for the generation of B cell memory is discussed.
CHI3L1 enhances melanoma lung metastasis via regulation of T cell co-stimulators and CTLA-4/B7 axis (2022)

ICOS/ICOSL and CD28/B7-1/B7-2 are T cell co-stimulators and CTLA-4 is an immune checkpoint inhibitor that play critical roles in the pathogenesis of neoplasia. Chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) is induced in many cancers where it portends a poor prognosis and contributes to tumor metastasis. Here we demonstrate that CHI3L1 inhibits the expression of ICOS, ICOSL and CD28 while stimulating CTLA-4 and the B7 moieties in melanoma lung metastasis. We also demonstrate that RIG-like helicase innate immune activation augments T cell co-stimulation, inhibits CTLA-4 and suppresses pulmonary metastasis. At least additive antitumor responses were seen in melanoma lung metastasis treated with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-CHI3L1 antibodies in combination. Synergistic cytotoxic T cell-induced tumor cell death and the heightened induction of the tumor suppressor PTEN were seen in co-cultures of T and tumor cells treated with bispecific antibodies that target both CHI3L1 and CTLA-4. Thus, CHI3L1 contributes to pulmonary metastasis by inhibiting T cell co-stimulation and stimulating CTLA-4. The simultaneous targeting of CHI3L1 and the CTLA-4 axis with individual and, more powerfully with bispecific antibodies, represent promising therapeutic strategies for pulmonary metastasis.
Foreword (2015)

*Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Health Policy and Management, Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana †Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas The authors declare that they have nothing to disclose. Correspondence: Rebekah Gee, MD, MPH, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Health Policy and Management, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA. E-mail: [email protected]
EFFECT OF PRE-BENDING AND HYSTERESIS OF A METAL PLATE ON BLAST-LOADING DEFORMATION: DATA VS. NUMERICAL SIMULATION (2024)

&lt;title&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/title&gt; &lt;p&gt;V-shaped hulls for vehicles, to mitigate buried blast loads, are typically formed by bending plate. Such an approach was carried out in fabricating small test articles and testing them with buried-explosive blast load in Southwest Research Institute’s (SwRI) Landmine Test Fixture. During the experiments, detailed time dependent deflections were recorded over a wide area of the test article surface using the Dynamic Deformation Instrumentation System (DDIS). This information allowed detailed comparison with numerical simulations that were performed with LS-DYNA. Though in general there is good agreement on the deflection, in the specific location of the bends in the steel the agreement decreases in the lateral cross section. Computations performed with empirical blast loads developed by SwRI and by more computationally intensive ALE methods in LS-DYNA produced the same results. Computations performed in EPIC showed the same result. The metal plate was then bent numerically so that the initial plate had both hardening and residual stresses from the fabrication. When blast loaded, though the deflection reduced due to the hardening in the bends in the plate, the qualitative disagreement with the lateral cross section remains. The study then focused on the material strength model for the steel. It was observed that the difference in behavior between the experiments and the computations occurs in a region where the hull metal is unloading from its formative bend. It is argued that using a kinematic yield surface with hysteresis, rather than an isotropic one with no hysteresis as is commonly done with the Johnson-Cook model, better models the unloading and hence can better match the deformation seen in the experiments.&lt;/p&gt;
Micro-Diffraction Studies of the Evolution of Textures in CVD-Grown Diamond Films (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Purification and Characterization of Alkaline Xylanases from Bacillus polymyxa (1993)

By applying different classical and fast protein liquid chromatographic techniques, three xylanases (beta-1,4-d-xylan xylanhydrolase) were purified to homogeneity from the extracellular enzymatic complex of Bacillus polymyxa. The three enzymes (X(34)C, X(34)E, and X(22)) were small proteins of 34, 34, and 22 kDa and basic pIs 9.3, >9.3, and 9.0, respectively. X(34)C and X(34)E are closely related and seem to be isoforms of the same enzyme. However, they differ in some characteristics. The three enzymes had different pH and temperature optima. One of them, X(34)E, showed a high thermal stability. The V(max) values determined for X(34)C, X(34)E, and X(22) enzymes on oat spelts xylan were 14.9, 85.5, and 64.0 U mg, respectively, and 16.1, 62.0, and 150.6 U mg on birchwood xylan. When oat spelts xylan was the substrate used, K(m) values of 3.4, 2.4, and 1.9 mg ml were obtained for X(34)C, X(34)E, and X(22) enzymes, respectively, and 0.65, 6.3, and 0.32 mg ml were the respective K(m) values determined with birchwood xylan as the substrate. The enzymes were nondebranching endo-beta-xylanases. Xylose was one of the products of xylan hydrolysis by xylanases X(34)C and X(34)E, but this monosaccharide was not released by X(22) enzyme. However, neither of the enzymes was able to degrade xylobiose.
ChemInform Abstract: INSTANT YLIDE: A STORABLE AND READY‐TO‐USE WITTIG REAGENT (1983)

Abstract Trockene 1:1‐Mischungen der Phosphoniumsalze (I) mit Natriumamid (II) sind über lange Zeit lagerbeständig.
Learning to discriminate interaural time differences: An exploratory study with amplitude-modulated stimuli (2006)

The advent of bilateral cochlear implants (CIs) has increased interest in learning on binaural tasks, and studies in normal-hearing listeners provide important background information. However, few studies have considered learning with discrimination of interaural time difference (ITD). Here, learning with ITD was explored using stimuli that are more relevant to bilateral CIs than used previously. Inexperienced listeners were trained with envelope-based ITD using high-frequency amplitude-modulated tones with or without an interaural carrier frequency difference (IFD), the former to simulate asymmetrical bilateral CI insertions. All were tested with and without IFD before and after training. In most listeners, ITD thresholds improved substantially with training, not necessarily reaching asymptote after 3,000 trials. In these, the magnitude and time-course of learning was larger than anticipated from a previous study with low-frequency ITD. Learning generalized across IFD and the effect of IFD on ITD thresholds at post-test was smaller than reported previously. These results have implications for studies of bilateral CIs, such as the need to provide extensive training to avoid over-estimating any apparent 'impairment'.
Measurements of Branching Fractions and Dalitz Distributions forB0→D(*)±K0π∓Decays (2005)

We present measurements of the branching fractions for the three-body decays B0 --> D(*)-/+K0pi+/- and their resonant submodes B0 --> D(*)-/+K*+/-using a sample of approximately 88 x 10(6) BB pairs collected by the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric energy storage ring. We measure: B(B0 --> D-/+K0pi+/-) = (4.9 +/- 0.7stat +/- 0.5syst) x 10(-4), B(B0 --> D*-/+K0pi+/-) = (3.0 +/- 0.7stat +/- 0.3syst) x 10(-4), B(B0 --> D-/+K*+/-) = (4.6 +/- 0.6stat +/- 0.5syst) x 10(-4), B(B0 --> D*-/+K*+/-) = (3.2 +/- 0.6stat +/- 0.3syst) x 10(-4). From these measurements we determine the fractions of resonant events to be f(B0 --> D-/+K*+/-) = 0.63 +/- 0.08stat +/- 0.04syst and f(B0 --> D*-/+K*+/-) = 0.72 +/- 0.14stat +/-0.05syst.
OAP要旨:日本人骨粗鬆症患者の脊椎圧迫骨折に対する,balloon kyphoplastyの有効性 (2013)

The stakeholders displayed considerable interest in the development of innovative systems for delivering nursing and midwifery care, provided that the necessary safeguards and support were in place. Scope was seen as a valuable way of optimizing the skills and contribution of nurses, midwives and health visitors.
Mission Analysis of Hevelius - Lunar Microsatellit... (2005)

This paper describes the mission analysis and design of the 'Hevelius - Lunar Microsatellite Mission'. The main goal of the overall mission is to place a net-lander on the far side of the Moon to perform some scientific experiments. Two different satellites have been designed to achieve this objective: a microsatellite orbiter to support the net-lander and a carrier spacecraft to transport the net-lander. An L2 Halo orbit has been selected for the orbiter in order to have a constant communication link between the landers and the Earth. The invariant manifolds of the Earth-Moon system have been used to design a low cost transfer trajectory to the L2 Halo orbit. Prior to the beginning of landing operations the carrier is parked into a frozen orbit after a WSB transfer. Finally the descent and landing phases have been designed in order to accomplish the final goals. The whole mission analysis and design process has been driven by the need for a low cost and low risk mission.
FBG-based transverse and axial force-sensing micro-forceps for retinal microsurgery (2016)

Retinal microsurgery routinely requires the manipulation of extremely delicate tissues. Membrane peeling is a prototypical task where a layer of fibrous tissue is delaminated off the retina with a micro-forceps by applying very fine forces that are mostly imperceptible to the surgeon. Previously we developed sensitized ophthalmic surgery tools that can precisely detect the transverse forces at the instrument's tip via integrated fiber Bragg grating strain sensors. This paper presents a new design that employs an additional sensor to capture also the tensile force along the tool axis which can be significant in membrane peeling. We investigate two distinct fitting methods to compute the transverse and axial forces based on sensor outputs. Validation with random samples shows that the linear method closely predicts the transverse force but does not provide sufficient accuracy in computing the axial load. Our nonlinear method resolves this problem, providing a more consistent and accurate measurement of both the transverse and axial forces.
Laser Therapy on Arthritis Induced by Urate Crystals (2004)

Laser therapy has an anti-inflammatory effect in arthropathy induced in rats injected with urates, determined by fibrinogen levels and by histological involution.
Buccal drug delivery (2005)

Buccal formulations have been developed to allow prolonged localised therapy and enhanced systemic delivery. The buccal mucosa, however, while avoiding first-pass effects, is a formidable barrier to drug absorption, especially for biopharmaceutical products (proteins and oligonucleotides) arising from the recent advances in genomics and proteomics. The buccal route is typically used for extended drug delivery, so formulations that can be attached to the buccal mucosa are favoured. The bioadhesive polymers used in buccal drug delivery to retain a formulation are typically hydrophilic macro-molecules containing numerous hydrogen bonding groups. Newer second-generation bioadhesives have been developed and these include modified or new polymers that allow enhanced adhesion and/or drug delivery, in addition to site-specific ligands such as lectins. Over the last 20 years a wide range of formulations has been developed for buccal drug delivery (tablet, patch, liquids and semisolids) but comparatively few have found their way onto the market. Currently, this route is restricted to the delivery of a limited number of small lipophilic molecules that readily cross the buccal mucosa. However, this route could become a significant means for the delivery of a range of active agents in the coming years, if the barriers to buccal drug delivery are overcome. In particular, patient acceptability and the successful systemic delivery of large molecules (proteins, oligonucleotides and polysaccharides) via this route remains both a significant opportunity and challenge, and new/improved technologies may be required to address these.
Iso‐maleimycin, a Constitutional Isomer of Maleimycin, from Streptomyces sp. QL37 (2020)

Iso ‐maleimycin, a previously unknown constitutional isomer of the antibiotic maleimycin, has been detected in an extract of Streptomyces sp. QL37. Chemical synthesis of both maleimycin (20 % yield over seven steps) and iso ‐maleimycin, (15 % yield over six steps) allowed access to reference materials for identification. Gas Chromatography coupled Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis demonstrated that of the two isomers, only iso‐maleimycin was present in the extract. This finding supports our hypothesis that iso ‐maleimycin is a biosynthetic intermediate of lugdunomycin. Iso ‐maleimycin displays low antibiotic activity, with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value on both E. coli and B. subtilis of 250 µg/mL.
The catalytic activity of lipases toward hydroxy fatty acids—A review (1996)

Abstract Hydroxy fatty acids, derived from several natural and synthetic sources, have many applications. Lipases have been employed to catalyze reactions involving hydroxy acids to narrowly shape the product distribution via their regio‐ and stereoselectivities. This manuscript reviews the action of lipase on hydroxy acids and their derivatives. The formation of estolides or lactones by lipase‐catalyzed reactions depends strongly on the position of the hydroxyl moiety on the hydroxy acyl group and slightly on the hydroxy acid chainlength and concentration. Pseudomonas sp. and porcine pancreatic lipases are the most useful for catalyzing formation of optically pure lactones, while lipases lacking positional selectivity catalyzed estolide formation best. The product distribution of lipase‐catalyzed esterification between hydroxy‐ and nonhydroxy‐acyl groups is strongly dependent on the lipase type. Lipase‐catalyzed reactions between hydroxy acids and alcohols yield hydroxy esters, not estolides, as the major product.