gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of Tetra (m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin in Human Plasma and Individualized Light Dosimetry in Photodynamic Therapy (1998)

The pharmacokinetics of the photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetra(m-hydroxyphenyl) chlorin(mTHPC) was investigated in the plasma of 20 patients by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The temporal behavior was characterized by a rapid decrease in concentration during the first minutes after intravenous injection of 0.15 mg/kg mTHPC. A minimum concentration in the plasma was reached after about 45 min. The drug concentration then increased again, attaining a maximum after about 10 h, after which it decreased again with a halflife of about 30 h. Irradiation tests in the oral cavity at different time intervals after the injection revealed that the tissue re-action was only partially correlated with the mTHPC plasma level. The tissue response was stronger at later drug-light intervals (1–4 days) than during the first hours after injection even though the mTHPC plasma concentration was higher at the shorter times. Relative mTHPC concentrations were also measured in the mucosae of the oral cavity, the esophagus and the bronchi of 27 patients by light-induced fluorescence spectroscopy using an optical fiber-based spectrometer. These measurements were performed prior to photodynamic therapy (PDT), 4 days after injection of the photosensitizer. Highly significant linear correlations were found between the relative mTHPC concentrations in the mucosae of these three organs. Likewise, the plasma levels of mTHPC measured just before PDT were significantly correlated with the mTHPC concentrations in the three types of mucosae mentioned above. These results indicate that mTHPC plasma levels measured just before PDT can be used for PDT light dosimetry.
High incidence of somatic mutations in the AML1/RUNX1 gene in myelodysplastic syndrome and low blast percentage myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia (2003)

A high incidence of somatically acquired point mutations in the AML1/RUNX1 gene has been reported in poorly differentiated acute myeloid leukemia (AML, M0) and in radiation-associated and therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or AML. The vast majority of AML1 mutations identified in these diseases were localized in the amino (N)-terminal region, especially in the DNA-binding Runt homology domain. In this report, we show that AML1 point mutations were found in 26 (23.6%) of 110 patients with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), RAEB in transformation (RAEBt), and AML following MDS (defined these 3 disease categories as MDS/AML). Among them, 9 (8.2%) mutations occurred in the carboxy (C)-terminal region, which were exclusively found in MDS/AML and were strongly correlated with sporadic MDS/AML. All patients with MDS/AML with an AML1 mutation expressed wild-type AML1 protein and had a significantly worse prognosis than those without AML1 mutations. Most AML1 mutants lost trans-activation potential, regardless of their DNA binding potential. These data suggested that AML1 point mutation is one of the major driving forces of MDS/AML, and these mutations may represent a distinct clinicopathologic-genetic entity.
TrkB as a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer (2009)

All these latest findings shed light on the application of TrkB as a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
Optical characterization of GaN/SiC n-p heterojunctions and p-SiC (1998)

Optical characterization of GaN/SiC heterojunctions and p-SiC has been performed to explain the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics in GaN/SiC n-p heterojunction diodes. The I–V characteristics exhibit tunneling-assisted current with low forward “turn-on” voltages around 1.15 V as opposed to the expected drift/diffusion current with a turn on around 2.5 V. Electroluminescence (EL) measurements on these diodes revealed an infrared peak at 1.25 eV and a red peak at 1.75 eV. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements on p-SiC yielded peaks at 1.25 and 1.80 eV. Since the band gap of 6H–SiC is 3.03 eV, we attribute the EL and PL peaks to radiative transitions from the conduction band edge to a defect level and subsequently down to the valence band edge of p-SiC. This defect level is located 1.25 eV above the valence band edge.
THE VORTEX DROP. (1960)

Keywords HYDRAULICS RESEARCH STATION, HRS VORTEX, DROP, SHAFTS, VORTICES, INLETS, CHAMBERS, TRANSFER, FLUIDS, CHANNELS, OPEN, HYDRAULIC, PROPERTIES, FREE, EQUATIONS, DISCHARGES, EXPERIMENTS, NON DIMENSIONAL, CHARTS, PREDICTION, PERFORMANCE, GEOMETRY, SEWERS, GAUGING, DEVICES, LINEAR, SEDIMENTS, SELF CLEANSING, THEORY, DROPSHAFTS... Show All
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Proton Transfer on the 27Al MAS NMR Line Shapes of Zeolite−Adsorbate Complexes:  An Independent Measure of Solid Acid Strength (2002)

Assessing the degree of proton transfer from a Brønsted acid site to one or more adsorbed bases is central to arguments regarding the strength of zeolites and other solid acids. In this regard certain solid-state NMR measurements have been fruitful; for example, some 13C, 15N, or 31P resonances of adsorbed bases are sensitive to protonation, and the 1H chemical shift of the Brønsted site itself reflects hydrogen bonding. We modeled theoretically the structures of adsorption complexes of several bases on zeolite HZSM-5, calculated the quadrupole coupling constants (Qcc) and asymmetry parameters (η) for aluminum in these complexes and then in turn simulated the central transitions of their 27Al MAS NMR spectra. The theoretical line width decreased monotonically with the degree of proton transfer, reflecting structural relaxation around aluminum as the proton was transferred to a base. We verified this experimentally for a series of adsorbed bases by way of single-pulse MAS and triple quantum MQMAS 27Al NMR. The combined theoretical and experimental approach described here provides a strategy by which 27Al data can be applied to resolve disputed interpretations of proton transfer based on other evidence.
Taylor Dispersion Analysis of Polysaccharides Using Backscattering Interferometry (2017)

Taylor dispersion analysis (TDA) allows the determination of the molecular diffusion coefficient (D) or the hydrodynamic radius (R<sub>h</sub>) of a solute from the peak broadening of a plug of solute in a laminar Poiseuille flow. The main limitation plaguing the broader applicability of TDA is the lack of a sensitive detection modality. UV absorption is typically used with TDA but is only suitable for UV-absorbing or derivatized compounds. In this work, we present a development of the TDA method for non-UV absorbing compounds by using a universal detector based on refractive index (RI) sensing with backscattering interferometry (BSI). BSI was interfaced to a capillary electrophoresis-UV instrument using a polyimide coated fused silica capillary and an in-house designed flow-cell assembly. Polysaccharides were selected to demonstrate the application of TDA-BSI for size characterization. Under the conditions of validity of TDA, D and R<sub>h</sub> average values and the entire R<sub>h</sub> distributions were obtained from the (poly)saccharide taylorgrams, including non-UV absorbing polymers.
NATIONA AL BREAST CANCER F FOUND DATION KATHL LEEN CUN NINGHAM RESEARCH GR RANTS S (2001)

Na a t t i i o o n n a a l l N N e e t t w w o o r r k k o o f f W W o o m m e e n n i i n n S S u u p p e e r r a a n n n n u u a a t t i i o o n n S S c c h h o o l l a a r r s s h h i i p p
Low-flicker universal power converter for filament-based heating processes (1998)

For filament-based heating processes, a minimum-component power converter topology with a universal line voltage interface virtually eliminates flicker. It provides asynchronous linear power control, with unity power factor and low harmonic content over a wide range of power levels. With common control methods, it exploits the natural behavior of filament-based heating processes. The topology is derived, its linear power control is developed and simulated, and its experimental performance is presented.
Altered Integration of Matrilin-3 into Cartilage Extracellular Matrix in the Absence of Collagen IX (2005)

The matrilins are a family of four noncollagenous oligomeric extracellular matrix proteins with a modular structure. Matrilins can act as adapters which bridge different macromolecular networks. We therefore investigated the effect of collagen IX deficiency on matrilin-3 integration into cartilage tissues. Mice harboring a deleted Col9a1 gene lack synthesis of a functional protein and produce cartilage fibrils completely devoid of collagen IX. Newborn collagen IX knockout mice exhibited significantly decreased matrilin-3 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) signals, particularly in the cartilage primordium of vertebral bodies and ribs. In the absence of collagen IX, a substantial amount of matrilin-3 is released into the medium of cultured chondrocytes instead of being integrated into the cell layer as in wild-type and COMP-deficient cells. Gene expression of matrilin-3 is not affected in the absence of collagen IX, but protein extraction from cartilage is greatly facilitated. Matrilin-3 interacts with collagen IX-containing cartilage fibrils, while fibrils from collagen IX knockout mice lack matrilin-3, and COMP-deficient fibrils exhibit an intermediate integration. In summary, the integration of matrilin-3 into cartilage fibrils occurs both by a direct interaction with collagen IX and indirectly with COMP serving as an adapter. Matrilin-3 can be considered as an interface component, capable of interconnecting macromolecular networks and mediating interactions between cartilage fibrils and the extrafibrillar matrix.
Raman Scattering by Silicon and Germanium (1967)

Raman scattering from single-crystal Si and Ge at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K was measured using an argon laser as the exciting source. The first-order Raman spectrum yields energies for the $k\ensuremath{\approx}0$ optical modes of 520.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ for Si and 300.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ for Ge. These values are in reasonable agreement with other determinations. The full widths at half-intensity were found to be 4.6 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ for Si and 5.3 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ for Ge. These values are compared with theoretical predictions. A Raman band was observed in Si at 950 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ which is attributed to second-order scattering and is compared with theoretical predictions.
Abstract IA01: Immunologic heterogeneity of cancer: Determinants of response and resistance to immunotherapy (2015)

Abstract Complex interactions between the immune system and cancer influencing tumor invasion, metastasis, and treatment outcomes are poorly understood. Similar to the influence of intra- and inter-tumoral genetic heterogeneity on response and resistance to molecularly targeted therapies, immunologic heterogeneity may explain the outgrowth of resistant tumor clones under the selection pressure of immunotherapy. Evidence for this phenomenon emerged from the results of high-dose IL-2 therapy, with responding metastases showing brisk CD8+ T cell infiltration, while non-responding lesions in the same patients were lymphocyte-poor. It has also been shown in patients receiving adoptive cell transfer therapies (TILs, CARs), with initial tumor regression followed by the outgrowth of tumors that have down-regulated target antigens. More recently, clinical experience with drugs blocking immune checkpoint molecules such as CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 has revealed unconventional response patterns in 5-10% of patients, including mixed tumor regressions (simultaneous progression/regression at different metastatic sites in an individual patient). Our investigations of the immunosuppressive ligand PD-L1, expressed by many human tumors, as a potential biomarker of response to anti-PD-1 therapy have revealed intra-tumoral as well as inter-tumoral heterogeneity of expression. Within individual tumor lesions, PD-L1 protein expression (IHC) can be patchy or focal, co-localizing with lymphoid infiltrates. Further study on a molecular level revealed expression of IFN-g in the same microenvironment as PD-L1, along with PD-1 and other immunosuppressive molecules, generating the adaptive immune resistance hypothesis. Examination of PD-L1 protein expression in multiple tumor lesions from individual patients showed variability over time and at distinct anatomic sites, consistent with the dynamic and context-dependent nature of immune responses, suggesting that inter-lesional variability could influence susceptibility to anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 therapy. Innovative approaches such as neoadjuvant immunotherapy trials or rapid autopsy analysis are needed to gain a deeper knowledge of tumor immunologic heterogeneity and potential intersections with genetic heterogeneity. This will be critical to understanding the evolution of anti-tumor immunity and developing more effective immune-based and combinatorial therapies. This work was supported by grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, the National Cancer Institute (R01 CA142779), the Melanoma Research Alliance, the Barney Family Foundation, the Dermatology Foundation, and Stand Up To Cancer. Citation Format: Suzanne L. Topalian. Immunologic heterogeneity of cancer: Determinants of response and resistance to immunotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Drug Sensitivity and Resistance: Improving Cancer Therapy; Jun 18-21, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2015;21(4 Suppl): Abstract nr IA01.
Prevention of Allergy and Allergic Asthma (2004)

In the western world, the prevalence of allergy and asthma has increased two- to threefold over the last 40 years and has reached epidemic proportions. This book represents the first complete document containing recommendations on the prevention of allergy and allergic asthma based on the current understanding of the immunological mechanisms of all
Mechanism of natural resistance to N6-(delta2-isopentenyl)adenosine in cultured cells. (1975)

Twenty-one cell lines (six human lines, and nine mouse lines) were compared with respect to inhibition of growth by N-6-(delta-2-isopentenyl)adenosine (IPAR). Six of these, mouse Sarcoma 180, Ehrilich ascites carcinoma, mammary adenocarconoma (TA3), leukemia L1210, mouse kidney, and canine kidney cells, differed by up to 16-fold with respect to their sensitivity and were chosen for further study. One factor contributing to the resistance was a slower formation of intracellular 5-monophosphate of IPAR (IPAMP) due to reduced adenosine kinase activity. Because of this slower formation of IPAMP in the resistant cells, a higher extracellular IPAR was required for the maintenance of equal intracellular IPAMP levels. Regardless of the degree of resistance, the rate of decay of intracellular IPAMP was similar and very rapid, with a half-life of 37 plus or minus 5 min. In the sensitive cells IPAMP was cleaved back to IPAR, while in the resistant cells IPAR was cleaved further to the free base, N-6-(delta-2-isopentenyl)adenine (IPA), which accumulated in the medium. The rate of formation of IPA constitutes an irreversible inactivation of IPAR, because IPA is not converted back to IPAMP and is not growth inhibitory. In one of the resistant cells (mouse kidney) the inactivation was so rapid that in 1 hr 25% of the extracellular (30 muM) IPAR was converted to IPA.
Total synthesis and preliminary evaluation of (+)- and ent-(-)-duocarmycin SA (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis and preliminary evaluation of (+)- and ent-(-)-duocarmycin SADale L. Boger, Kozo Machiya, Donald L. Hertzog, Paul A. Kitos, and Daniel HolmesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 20, 9025–9036Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00073a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00073a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views511Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Dopant density determination in disordered organic field-effect transistors (2003)

We demonstrate that, by using a concentric device geometry, the dopant density and the bulk charge-carrier mobility can simultaneously be estimated from the transfer characteristics of a single disordered organic transistor. The technique has been applied to determine the relation between the mobility and the charge density in solution-processed poly(2,5-thienylene vinylene) and poly(3-hexyl thiophene) thin-film field-effect transistors. The observation that doping due to air exposure takes place already in the dark, demonstrates that photoinduced oxygen doping is not the complete picture.
On the Tribological Characterization of Engineering Ceramics (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Details Results and Discussions Conclusion References
Home networking architecture for IPv6 (2011)

This text describes evolving networking technology within increasingly large residential home networks. The goal of this document is to define an architecture for IPv6-based home networking while describing the associated principles, considerations and requirements. The text briefly highlights the specific implications of the introduction of IPv6 for home networking, discusses the elements of the architecture, and suggests how standard IPv6 mechanisms and addressing can be employed in home networking. The architecture describes the need for specific protocol extensions for certain additional functionality. It is assumed that the IPv6 home network is not actively managed, and runs as an IPv6-only or dual-stack network. There are no recommendations in this text for the IPv4 part of the network
A Database Method to Mitigate the NLOS Error in Mobile Phone Positioning (2006)

Non line of sight (NLOS) error is well known to be a major source of error in mobile phone positioning. It is simply caused by the dense buildings blocking the line of sight (LOS) propagation of RF signal. Hence mobile station (MS) appears further away from the base transceiver station (BTS) than it actually is. To mitigate the effect of NLOS error, a basic method is to generate the NLOS error correction map, and then use the correction map to correct the measurements. Therefore, a more accurate MS location can be estimated. How to efficiently generate the correction map is a major problem of this approach. A method based on the spatial correlation is proposed in this paper. An experiment was carried out in a typical suburban area to verify this idea. The test result shows the proposed method based on universal kriging can improve the accuracy of position estimate using time difference of arrival technique.
Short Communication: Bovine parainfluenza-3 antibodies in veal calves supplemented with cinnamaldehyde or lactoferrin (2020)

Our objective was to investigate the effects of 2 immune modulatory compounds, cinnamaldehyde and lactoferrin, on potentiating the immune response to bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (bPI3) vaccination. On arrival to the growing facility, veal calves were randomized to 1 of 3 treatments: control (no supplement), lactoferrin (1 g/d in milk replacer for 7 d), or cinnamaldehyde (1 g/d in milk replacer for 21 d). Plasma anti-bPI3 IgG response was assayed by indirect ELISA before (d 0) and 28 d after vaccination. Antibody titers were represented as sample-to-positive ratio, and a mixed linear regression analysis was used to compare titers between treatments, cohorts, and d 0 versus d 28. Stress and crowding during transit leaves veal calves susceptible to respiratory viral pathogens. Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus is a principle etiological agent of bovine respiratory disease complex. Prophylactic antibiotic administration is a common practice to prevent diseases; however, this can lead to antibiotic resistance. Therefore, research on antimicrobial alternatives is warranted. Antibody titers against bPI3 were different between d 0 and 28 (P < 0.0001), but no effect was observed between treatments (P = 0.21) or treatment by day (P = 0.74); however, antibody titers were different from d 0 and 28 between cohorts (P = 0.01). Antibodies detected are suspected to be of maternal origin. Further research is necessary to determine an optimal vaccination schedule to overcome maternal immunity and to estimate mucosal IgA antibodies. In addition, an appropriate dose, duration, and route of administration of cinnamaldehyde and lactoferrin must be considered.
Message transfer algorithms on the recursive diagonal torus (2002)

Recursive diagonal torus (RDT) is a class of interconnection network for massively parallel computers with 2/sup 16/ nodes. In this paper, message transfer algorithms on the RDT are proposed and discussed. First, a simple one-to-one message routing algorithm called the vector routing is introduced and the result of its practical extension called the floating vector routing is reported. Next, broadcasting on the RDT are shown. Finally, deadlock-free message routing algorithms which are an extension of the e-cube routing are proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A National Survey of the Acceptability of Quitlines to Help Parents Quit Smoking (2006)

When interacting with parents who smoke, child health care providers have low rates of referring and enrolling parents in any services related to smoking. Enrollment in quitlines would be acceptable to the majority of parents in the context of their child's health care visit. Tobacco control efforts in the child health care setting should include implementation of office systems that can facilitate enrollment of parental smokers in telephone quitlines.
Phosphine-Catalyzed Phosphinoboration of Propiolates (2020)

Key words phosphinoboration - propiolates - acrylates - phosphine catalysis
Hydroxyapatite high-performance liquid chromatography: column performance for proteins (1985)

Hydroxyapatite columns for high-performance liquid chromatography that are reusable for a long time were developed; performance tests were carried out by using several types of protein. Using a high flow rate, a sharp chromatographic peak can be obtained for a homogeneous molecule. A very high level of chromatographic separation can be achieved by decreasing the slope of the gradient and increasing the total column length at the same time.