gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics of Permanent Pacemaker and Implantable Defibrillator-Related Endocarditis: An Eleven Years Experience (1996–2006) (2008)

Background: Permanent pacemaker (PPM) and implantable desfibrillator-cardioverter (IDC)-related endocarditis is a infection that is associated with a substantial morbidity and mortality and also with a significant financial cost. Methods: Observational and retrospective study. Setting: 700-bed tertiary hospital. Period: January 1996 to December 2006. PM and IDC inserted during this period were 1224 and 188 respectively. Cardiac device-related infective endocarditis (CDIE) was defined as the presence of both vegetation on a device lead or valve and clinical or microbiological evidence of CDIE. Results: 27 patients fulfilled the CDIE criteria, 20 had a PPM and 7 an IDC. Incidence of PPM and ID related endocarditis were 1.8% and 3.1% respectively. Mean age 70 (range: 24 to 86 years). 70% were male. 12 had underlying cardiac conditions. 59% had early local complications (7 displacements, 9 hematomas or seromas). 52% had previous manipulations of the generator and/or the leads. Mean time between insertion and CDIE was 66 months (SD ± 57). 23 patients had late endocarditis and 4 early one. Most frequent pathogens were coagulase negative staphylococcus 37%, Staphylococcus aureus 30% and Enterococcus faecalis15%. Most frequent antibiotics used were: cloxacillin 11, vancomycin 5, teicoplanin 2 and ampicilin 5. 89% of patients received combined treatment with an aminoglucosid (21) or rifampin (3). Intravenous treatment length was 34 days (±8). 52% patients prolonged antibiotic therapy by oral route. In 16 patients leads were replaced (44% by traction and 56% by open surgery). Complications were 2 septic emboli, 7 septic shock and attributable mortality was 1%. Conclusion:-Incidence of PPM and ID related endocarditis were 1.8% and 3.1% respectively.-60% of patients have had precocious local complications time before cardiac device-endocarditis diagnosis.-Most were caused by grampositive cocci.-More than 50% received prolonged courses of oral antibiotics after completing intravenous treatment.
Concerted Action of the FasL/Fas and Perforin/Granzyme A and B Pathways Is Mandatory for the Development of Early Viral Hepatitis but Not for Recovery from Viral Infection (2001)

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) play a major role in the recovery from primary viral infections and the accompanying tissue injuries. However, it is unclear to what extent the two main cytolytic pathways, perforin-granzyme A and B exocytosis and Fas ligand (FasL)-Fas interaction, contribute to these processes. Here we have employed mouse strains with either spontaneous mutations or targeted gene defects in one or more components of either of the two cytolytic pathways to analyze the molecular basis of viral clearance and induction of hepatitis during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. Our results reveal that viral clearance is solely dependent on perforin but that virus-induced liver damage only occurs when both the FasL/Fas and the perforin pathways, including granzymes A and B, are simultaneously activated. The finding that development of hepatitis but not viral clearance is dependent on the concomitant activation of FasL-Fas and perforin-granzymes may be helpful in designing novel strategies to prevent hepatic failures during viral infections.
Study of corrosion stability in metal particulate media (1990)

Metal particulate tape was prepared using stabilized metal particles, and the corrosion stability of the tape was examined under various environmental atmospheres. The decrease of magnetization after exposure to 60 degrees C/90% RH (relative humidity) for four weeks was bout 7%. When the tape was stored in a low concentration of pollutants of Cl/sub 2/, H/sub 2/S, and NO/sub 2/ gases, the change of magnetic properties was within about 0.6%. These stable characteristics show that the stabilized metal particulate tape is suitable for data-storage media.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Simple Bakeable Hollow Cathode Device for the Direct Study of Plasma Constituents (1972)

The unique features of construction of a hollow cathode discharge apparatus are described. The device includes a highly important exit aperture that also serves as a Langmuir probe for exploring the negative glow plasma.
Aerodynamic stability and drag characteristics of a parallel burn/SRM ascent configuration at Mach numbers from 0.6 to 4.96 (1972)

Experimental aerodynamic investigations were conducted in the NASA/MSFC 14-inch trisonic wind tunnel during March 1972 on a .003366 scale model of a solid rocket motor version of the space shuttle ascent configuration. The configuration consisted of a parallel burn solid rocket motor booster on an external H-O centerline tank orbiter. Six component aerodynamic force and moment date were recorded over an angle of attack range from -10 to 10 deg at zero degrees sideslip and over a sideslip range from -10 to 10 deg at 0, +6, and -6 deg angle of attack. Mach number ranged from 0.6 to 4.96. The performance and stability characteristics of the complete ascent configuration and build-up, and the effects of variations in tank diameter, orbiter incidence, fairings and positioning of the solid rocket motors and tank fins were determined.
Effect of Harmine on Nicotine-Induced Kidney Dysfunction in Male Mice (2019)

It seems that harmine administration improved kidney injury induced by nicotine in mice.
Secure Authentication for ATM transactions using NFC technology (2019)

Automated Teller Machine (ATM) is a convenient way to meet the banking needs of the users. However, the use of debit card or other types of cards during ATM transactions has some problems like prone to ATM skimming, magnetic strips of card getting damaged, manufacturing and transportation cost of cards, longer time to authenticate users etc. The objective of this research is to consider smart phone in Near-Field Communication (NFC) Card Emulation mode as an alternative to ATM cards. In NFC the distance between the respective devices needs to be very small (typically less than 4 cm) which makes NFC ideal for making payments and for other transactions involving sensitive/private data. In the proposed system, in order to authenticate at the ATM kiosk, the user needs to swipe his/her smart phone in front of the NFC reader. An ATM card is not required for authentication and the system will still have a stronger security compared to the system in which ATM card was used. Security analysis and threat modelling shown in this paper highlights the security strength of the system during authentication.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Targeting NAD<sup>+</sup> Biosynthesis Overcomes Panobinostat and Bortezomib-Induced Malignant Glioma Resistance (2023)

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Clostridium perfringens-Induced Host-Pathogen Transcriptional Changes in the Small Intestine of Broiler Chickens (2021)

<i>Clostridium perfringens</i> is an important opportunistic pathogen that may result in toxin-mediated diseases involving food poisoning/tissue gangrene in humans and various enterotoxaemia in animal species. It is a main etiological agent for necrotic enteritis (NE), the most financially devastating bacterial disease in broiler chickens, especially if raised under antibiotic-free conditions. Importantly, NE is responsible for losses of six billion US dollars annually in the global poultry industry. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of <i>C. perfringens</i>-induced pathogenesis in the gut and its microbiome mRNA levels in <i>C. perfringens</i>-infected and non-infected hosts, we used RNA sequencing technology to perform transcriptional analysis of both host intestine and microbiome using our NE model. The growth rate was significantly impaired in chickens infected by <i>C. perfringens.</i> In total, 13,473 annotated chicken genes were differentially expressed between these two groups, with ninety-six genes showing statistical significance (|absolute fold changes| > 2.0, adjusted <i>p</i> value < 0.05). Genes involved in energy production, MHC Class I antigen, translation, ribosomal structures, and amino acid, nucleotide and carbohydrate metabolism from infected gut tissues were significantly down-regulated. The upregulated genes were mainly engaged in innate and adaptive immunity, cellular processes, genetic information processing, and organismal systems. Additionally, the transcriptional levels of four crucial foodborne pathogens were significantly elevated in a synergic relationship with pathogenic <i>C. perfringens</i> infection. This study presents the profiling data that would likely be a relevant reference for NE pathogenesis and may provide new insights into the mechanism of host-pathogen interaction in <i>C. perfringens</i>-induced NE infection in broiler chickens.
Six degree-of-freedom haptic rendering using voxel sampling (2005)

A simple, fast, and approximate voxel-based approach to 6-DOF haptic rendering is presented. It can reliably sustain a 1000 Hz haptic refresh rate without resorting to asynchronous physics and haptic rendering loops. It enables the manipulation of a modestly complex rigid object within an arbitrarily complex environment of static rigid objects. It renders a short-range force field surrounding the static objects, which repels the manipulated object and strives to maintain a voxel-scale minimum separation distance that is known to preclude exact surface interpenetration. Force discontinuities arising from the use of a simple penalty force model are mitigated by a dynamic simulation based on virtual coupling. A generalization of octree improves voxel memory efficiency. In a preliminary implementation, a commercially available 6-DOF haptic prototype device is driven at a constant 1000 Hz haptic refresh rate from one dedicated haptic processor, with a separate processor for graphics. This system yields stable and convincing force feedback for a wide range of user controlled motion inside a large, complex virtual environment, with very few surface interpenetration events. This level of performance appears suited to applications such as certain maintenance and assembly task simulations that can tolerate voxel-scale minimum separation distances.
Abstract 1887: Distinct molecular targets of blueberry and black raspberry in breast cancer prevention (2010)

Abstract We previously demonstrated protection with berries in diet, against estrogen-induced ACI rat mammary tumorigenesis, by inhibition of proliferation as early as 3 weeks of estrogen administration. In this study, blueberry (BB) and black raspberry (BRB) were administered in diet at 5% 2 weeks prior to implantation with 1.2 cm silastic implants containing 9 mg 17β-estradiol. Rats were killed at 3 weeks, 3 months and ∼7 months, when the tumor incidence in control group reached 80%. Analysis revealed significant reduction (p&amp;lt;0.05) in tumor volume (Control: 801.2±105.3 mm3; BB: 395±97.9 mm3; BRB: 461±109.8 mm3) and tumor multiplicity (Control: 6.9±0.9; BB: 4.4±0.6; BRB: 4.3±0.6) by the berry diets. Most important finding is that while BB was more effective in reducing the tumor volume, BRB was more efficient in delaying the first tumor incidence, by 5 weeks (p&amp;lt;0.05). We also investigated the key molecules of cell-cycle regulation, cell proliferation and transcription. The cell-cycle regulatory molecule cyclin D1 which was up-regulated by 3-4-fold in mammary tissues with estrogen treatment, was significantly down-regulated by BB diet as early as 3 weeks and remained down-regulated during the entire tumorigenesis period (p&amp;lt;0.05), as detected by western blot. BRB diet did not show any significant down-regulation of cyclin D1. Estrogen receptor α, on the other hand, which was significantly overexpressed with estrogen treatment at all the three time points, was significantly offset by BRB diet, but it was not well pronounced with BB diet. Molecules downstream of these effector proteins are currently being explored. While BB contains five distinct anthocyanidins (delphinidin, cyanidin, malvidin, peonidin, and petunidin) and insignificant levels of ellagic acid, BRB contains chiefly cyanidin and high levels of ellagic acid. Thus, the distinct and specific molecular targets and pathways involved in the protective actions of the two berries corroborate their distinct phytochemical signatures. (Supported by CA-118114 and Agnes Brown Duggan Endowment). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1887.
Decreased immune functions of blood cells following mobilization with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: association with donor characteristics (2001)

In this study, mononuclear cells (MNCs) from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized blood stem cell (BSC) harvests from 104 healthy donors were analyzed for their immunological functions and compared with MNCs from 28 steady-state nonmobilized donors. The relationships between donor characteristics (age, gender, weight, and HLA type) and immune functions of the harvests were also analyzed. There was a significant (P <.01) decrease in natural killer and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity for G-CSF-mobilized effector cells compared with nonmobilized cells. Similarly, there was a significant (P <.005) decrease in both T-cell and B-cell mitogen response in G-CSF-mobilized cells compared with nonmobilized cells. There was dose-dependent inhibition of LAK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, but this effect was not seen with other immune function assays. Changes in immune function did not appear to be determined by frequency of cellular phenotypes or expression of effector function genes seen in a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. There was a significant relationship between expression of certain HLA alleles (A1, A3, A24, B44, B62, DR15, DR17; all P <.01) and increased immune function, such as cytotoxicity and/or mitogen response. A decrease in immune function with the HLA-DR13 expression was also observed (P <.01). Since the G-CSF increases the number of MNCs, the increase in effector cells might compensate for decreased immune functions of these cells in vivo when transplanted into patients. These results suggest a decreased immune function in G-CSF-mobilized BSC harvests and warrant further studies to correlate these data with clinical outcome.
A scalable, distributed middleware service architecture to support mobile internet applications (2001)

Middleware layers placed between user clients and application servers have been used to perform a variety of functions. In previous work we have used middleware to perform a new capability, application session handoff, using a single Middleware Server to provide all functionality. However, to improve the scalability of our architecture, we have designed an efficient distributed Middleware Service layer that properly maintains application session handoff semantics while being able to service a large number of clients. We show that this service layer improves the scalability of general client-to-application server interaction as well as the specific case of application session handoff. We detail protocols involved in performing handoff and analyse an implementation of the architecture that supports the use of a real medical teaching tool. From experimental results it can be seen that our Middleware Service effectively provides scalability as a response to increased workload.
Engineered kinesin motor proteins amenable to small molecule inhibition (2016)

ABSTRACT The human genome encodes 45 kinesins that drive cell division, cell motility, intracellular trafficking, and ciliary function. Determining the cellular function of each kinesin would be greatly facilitated by specific small molecule inhibitors, but screens have yielded inhibitors that are specific to only a small number of kinesins, likely due to the high conservation of the kinesin motor domain across the superfamily. Here we present a chemical-genetic approach to engineer kinesin motors that retain microtubule-dependent motility in the absence of inhibitor yet can be efficiently inhibited by small, cell-permeable molecules. Using kinesin-1 as a prototype, we tested two independent strategies to design inhibitable motors. First, we inserted the six amino acid tetracysteine tag into surface loops of the motor domain such that binding of biarsenic dyes allosterically inhibits processive motility. Second, we fused DmrB dimerization domains to the motor heads such that addition of B/B homodimerizer cross-links the two motor domains and inhibits motor stepping. We show, using cellular assays that the engineered kinesin-1 motors are able to transport artificial and natural kinesin-1 cargoes, but are efficiently inhibited by the addition of the relevant small molecule. Single-molecule imaging in vitro revealed that inhibitor addition reduces the number of processively moving motors on the microtubule, with minor effects on motor run length and velocity. It is likely that these inhibition strategies can be successfully applied to other members of the kinesin superfamily due to the high conservation of the kinesin motor domain. The described engineered motors will be of great utility to dynamically and specifically study kinesin function in cells and animals.
SELECT trial scares patients away from fish oil (2014)

By now, we have all heard about the SELECT trial and the ensuing media fish-oil frenzy concerning prostate cancer.1 A broad cross-section of industry and academic experts has slammed this study as nonsense. The SELECT study was a secondary analysis study that did not provide subjects with fish oil supplements nor monitor what type of fish or fish oil supplements were consumed
An Integrative Review of Pressure Relief in Surgical Patients (2001)

Effective patient positioning has been an important issue throughout the history of the nursing profession. Pressure ulcers result from prolonged pressure, which causes skin, tissue, or muscle damage. Surgical patients present a unique challenge in preventing pressure ulcers because they are immobile and unable to perceive the discomfort of prolonged pressure. The purpose of this integrative review is to examine risk factors associated with pressure ulcer development in surgical patients and to examine pressure-relieving support surfaces to determine if they significantly reduce intraoperative tissue pressure and result in a lower incidence of postoperative pressure ulcers. Most of the research focuses on long-term care units, with little attention given to the acute care setting. Although the pathophysiology and etiology of pressure ulcers are well documented by years of research, the OR as an etiologic factor is largely undefined.
An Investigation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Chemistry: A Spectroscopic Approach (2007)

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) represent an alternative power source that utilizes hydrogen and/or hydrocarbon fuels at significantly higher efficiencies than combustion systems; however, molecularly specific fuel oxidation mechanisms in SOFCs are not well understood. This research uses ex-situ techniques to quantify the physicochemical properties of SOFC materials and novel optical methods to identify chemical intermediates present in-situ. Ex-situ experiments include quantifying gas-phase exhaust composition using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and characterizing material properties of SOFC components with Raman and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies. The exhaust studies show that fuel oxidation efficiencies depend on anode materials and fuels used. Nickel is a more active fuel oxidation catalyst than ceria; however, poor exhaust carbon balance indicates that nickel also promotes carbon deposition. Studies of YSZ indicate that the surface is chemically altered by reducing environments. This observation can complicate our understanding of SOFC chemistry if the reduced surface participates in fuel oxidation chemistry. In-situ Raman spectroscopy is combined with traditional electrochemical methods to characterize SOFC anodes at 715 °C. Raman spectra of the anode indicate the presence of NiO, graphite, and Ni-COO as fuel oxidation intermediates depending on operating conditions. Graphite formed with carbon-containing fuels is tracked by Raman spectroscopy on a minute timescale, allowing the study of deposit formation and oxidation. CO, CH4, C2H4, C3H6, and C4H10 have been used to correlate fuel molecule structure to the deposit formed. Higher-weight fuels lead to carbon deposits with smaller domain sizes. Singular intermediate-weight fuels (C2 and C3) lead to permanent degradation in cell performance, while extended use of intermediate-weight fuel mixtures and C4H10 result in performance recovery. These studies present the first identification of intermediates on working SOFC anode surfaces, providing new insight to the fuel oxidation mechanism. Species identified in these studies will enable development of more accurate models of SOFC chemistry.
Preparation and characterization of polysulfone membrane coated with poly(ether block amid) for oxygen enrichment process (2019)

Oxygen enriched air (OEA) is widely applied in various areas such as chemical and medical applications. Currently, cryogenic distillation and pressure swing adsorption are the two common technologies that being commercially used for i the production of OEA. However, these two techniques are not economically favorable due to required intensive energy and large built-up area. With the advancement of membrane technology in separation process, it garners the interest from both industrial and academic to explore the feasibility of membrane in gas separation. In this study, polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber membranes with poly(ether block amide) (PEBAX) coating were used for the separation of O2/N2 gas. The hollow fiber membranes used in this work were fabricated by phase inversion spinning process using PSF pellet, along with N,N-dimetyhlacetamide (DMAc) and ethanol (EtOH) as solvent and co-solvent, whereas tetrahydrofuran (THF) as additive. The fabricated membrane exhibited dense structure in the inner layer whereas finger like layer at the outer surface. The formation of this structure was attributed by rapid phase inversion of the solution arose from strong solvent used. The EDX surface mapping analysis confirmed the formation of PEBAX coating on the membrane surface. Gas permeation study in this work illustrated that the pristine PSF membrane exhibited better gas separation performance relative to the PEBAX coated membrane with 20% higher in terms of permeance. The results obtained from this work suggested that the PEBAX coating enhanced the membrane surface but not certain to improve the gas separation performance. Further study on the PEBAX materials for the membrane coating is essential to polish its potential in gas separation.