gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Translatable mRNA changes in ethylene induced abscission zones of Phaseolus vulgaris (Red Kidney) (1987)

The wheat germ translation system was programmed with soluble RNA extracted from foliar abscission zones of Phaseolus vulgaris, These extracts were taken at various times after the induction of abscission. A translation product with a molecular weight of 42 kilodalton (kD) was only present after this treatment, though three other species 32, 27 and 17 kD increased substantially. The isozyme of cellulase with a pi of 9.5 could not be conclusively identified amongst the products though the 32 kD protein is probably chitinase. Comparison of the abscission zone translatable RNA with that from adjacent petiole and stem tissues showed the 17 kD protein developed in all these location. The 42, 32 and 27 kD bands were found predominantly in the zone and petiole.
Experimental investigation of polarisation-induced fading in interferometric fibre sensor arrays (1991)

The results of an experimental investigation of polarisation induced fading in multiplexed optical fibre interferometric sensor arrays is presented. Measurements, made on a ten-element all-fibre time-division multiplexed array, are analysed in terms of a general N-sensor system and compared with a simple theoretical model.
Calorimetric determination of the absorbed dose‐to‐water beam quality correction factor kQ for high‐energy photon beams (1995)

A method has been developed for measuring photon beam quality correction factors kQ using direct transfer with a water calorimeter. kQ values were measured for beam qualities varying between 6 and 23 MV for a Capintec PR-06 and a PTW W30001 cylindrical ionization chamber. Measured values were intercompared with published sets of computed kQ values and agreement was found to be within measurement uncertainty (1%, one standard deviation).
Suppression of LH secretion by oestradiol, dihydrotestosterone and trenbolone acetate in the acutely castrated bull (1984)

Twenty acutely castrated bulls were used to investigate the role of androgenic and oestrogenic steroids in the feedback control of LH secretion. The effects of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or the growth stimulants trenbolone acetate (TBA) or oestradiol-17 beta (OE2) on serum LH secretory profiles were measured. In addition, pituitary LH responses to exogenous LH releasing hormone (LHRH) were determined to differentiate between hypothalamic and pituitary sites of steroid action. At the time of castration, two groups of animals were given implants of either 45 mg OE2 or 200 mg TBA. Another group received equivalent to 30 mg daily injections of DHT. Control steers showed an increase in LH from 2.4 +/- 0.5 (S.E.M.) micrograms/l to 7.0 +/- 0.5 micrograms/l during the week after castration. Treatment with DHT and TBA prevented the post-castration rise in serum LH. In contrast, steers given implants of OE2 showed a significantly greater increase in LH than controls 1 day after castration, but by day 5 LH declined in the OE2-treated group to precastration values. Five weeks after castration control steers secreted LH in pulses at intervals of 40-50 min and with an amplitude of 4.2 +/- 0.4 micrograms/l. Pulses were not detected in the LH profiles of the steroid-treated steers. Dihydrotestosterone and TBA significantly reduced pituitary LH responses to exogenous LHRH, whereas steers receiving OE2 showed LH responses to LHRH which were similar to those observed in castrated controls. These results support the hypothesis that androgenic and oestrogenic components participate separately in the feedback control of LH secretion in the bull.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Deficiency of queuine, a highly modified purine base, in transfer RNAs from primary and metastatic ovarian malignant tumors in women. (1994)

The tRNAs from rapidly growing tissues, particularly from neoplasia, often exhibit queuine deficiency. In order to check whether different kinds of ovarian tumors display queuine deficiencies we have analyzed tRNA samples from 16 ovarian malignancies. The tRNAs from histologically normal myometrium (4 samples) and myoma (6 samples) were taken as healthy tissue and benign tumor references. Queuine deficiency was determined by an exchange assay using [8-3H]guanine and tRNA:guanine transglycosylase from Escherichia coli. The mean values of queuine deficiencies in tRNAs were: 10.95 +/- 2.21 (SD) pmol/A260 in gonadal and germ cell tumors (5 cases); 23.75 +/- 7.89 pmol/A260 in primary epithelial tumors (9 cases); and 34.58 +/- 7.18 pmol/A260 in metastatic tumors (2 cases). These values displayed statistically significant differences (P = 0.0003, Kruskal-Wallis test). The queuine deficiencies in tRNAs significantly increased when moving from well-differentiated through moderately differentiated to poorly differentiated tumors, with the highest values found in poorly differentiated metastatic tumors (P = 0.0002, Kruskal-Wallis test). Queuine deficiency determination in tRNAs is proposed as a factor for clinical outcome prognosis of ovarian malignancies.
An Active Learning Based Robot Kinematic Calibration Framework Using Gaussian Processes (2023)

Future NASA lander missions to icy moons will require completely automated, accurate, and data efficient calibration methods for the robot manipulator arms that sample icy terrains in the lander's vicinity. To support this need, this paper presents a Gaussian Process (GP) approach to the classical manipulator kinematic calibration process. Instead of identifying a corrected set of Denavit-Hartenberg kinematic parameters, a set of GPs models the residual kinematic error of the arm over the workspace. More importantly, this modeling framework allows a Gaussian Process Upper Confident Bound (GP-UCB) algorithm to efficiently and adaptively select the calibration's measurement points so as to minimize the number of experiments, and therefore minimize the time needed for recalibration. The method is demonstrated in simulation on a simple 2-DOF arm, a 6 DOF arm whose geometry is a candidate for a future NASA mission, and a 7 DOF Barrett WAM arm.
Modulation of Fatty Acid and Bile Acid Metabolism By Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated ReceptorαProtects Against Alcoholic Liver Disease (2014)

These observations indicate that PPARα plays a protective role to enhance mitochondrial function in response to chronic alcohol consumption by adaptive transcriptional activation and suggest that activation of this nuclear receptor may be of therapeutic value in the treatment for ALD.
Antibodies to calcium channels from ALS patients passively transferred to mice selectively increase intracellular calcium and induce ultrastructural changes in motoneurons (1995)

Antibodies to Ca channels in ALS patients IgG can be demonstrated to enhance Ca current and cause cell injury and death in a motoneuron cell line in vitro. To determine whether these antibodies can alter neuronal calcium homeostasis in vivo IgG fractions from six ALS patients were injected intraperitoneally into mice, and neurons assayed by ultrastructural techniques for calcium content. After 24 h, all six ALS IgG by (40 mg/animal) increased vesicle number in spinal motoneuron axon terminals, and in boutons synapsing on spinal motoneurons. Using the oxalate-pyroantimonate technique for calcium precipitation, these antibodies produced dose-dependent calcium increases either in axon terminal synaptic vesicles and mitochondria, or in rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and Golgi complex of spinal motoneuron and frontal cortex pyramidal cells. ALS IgG was itself internalized and also induced neurofilament H phosphorylation. The observed changes in ultrastructure and calcium compartmentation were restricted to motoneurons; normal and disease control IgG, which did not possess antibodies enhancing calcium entry, did not exert similar effects. These data demonstrate that ALS IgG containing Ca-channel antibodies can alter calcium homeostasis of motoneurons in vivo.
Patients, Pathogens, and Protective Immunity: The Relevance of Virus-Induced Alloreactivity in Transplantation (2006)

Successful transplantation requires the establishment of an ongoing state in which there is simultaneous inhibition of the undesired T cell-dependent rejection response and yet retention of the ability to develop effective cell-mediated primary and memory responses to pathogens. The complexity of attaining such a precarious state is underscored by the growing body of evidence that alloreactivity can be profoundly influenced by infections that occur before, concurrent with, or subsequent to an organ transplant. In this review, we explore the growing list of mechanisms that have been identified by which pathogen-host interactions might influence rejection, including the degeneracy of TCR recognition leading to cross-reactive immune responses, the effects of pathogens on innate immune mechanisms, and the potential impact of virally induced lymphopenia.
A Multicenter Study of Recombinant Factor VIII (Recombinate): Safety, Efficacy, and Inhibitor Risk in Previously Untreated Patients With Hemophilia A (1994)

Abstract In July 1990, the Recombinate Study Group initiated a prospective, open-labeled investigation of recombinant factor VIII (r-FVIII) to assess its safety and efficacy and to characterize the natural history of inhibitor development in previously untreated patients (PUPs) with hemophilia A. All study subjects have severe FVIII deficiency (baseline FVIII level ≤2% of normal) and no history of blood product exposure before study entry. Following the first r-FVIII infusion, plasma was screened for inhibitors once every 3 months, and plasma recovery of r-FVIII at 30 minutes and 24 hours postinfusion was assayed at least once every 6 months. As of May 1993, 73 of 79 patients originally enrolled in the trial continue to participate. The median number of r-FVIII exposure-days for the 71 subjects who have received at least one r-FVIII infusion is 11. A total of 1,785 infusions have been administered to treat 810 bleeding events. Ninety-two percent of bleeding events responded as anticipated to one or two infusions. Two, nonrecurring, acute adverse reactions occurred coincident with r-FVIII infusion, one of which was unrelated and the other, possibly related to the infusion. Seventeen (23.9%) subjects have developed inhibitors: five with peak titers more than 10 Bethesda units (BU) and 12 with peak titers ≤10 BU (range, 0.5 to 10). Survival analysis showed that the probability of remaining inhibitor-free in this group of patients with severe hemophilia A is 88.4% after 8, 73.6% after 10, and 61.6% after 25 r-FVIII exposure-days. Inhibitors disappeared in five (29.4%) subjects on retesting 2 to 16 months after the last positive inhibitor assay. r-FVIII is safe and effective in the treatment of hemophilia A-related bleeding. To date, the inhibitor risk associated with its use is comparable to that in patients treated with plasma-derived concentrates. The majority of inhibitors identified are low in titer and do not preclude continued on-demand therapy with r-FVIII.
Passive Safety Technologies and Belted ATD Neck Loads in Rollover Events (2010)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Two rigid rollover test devices were constructed to have the approximate dimensions, mass and inertial properties of a mid-sized Car and Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV). The rigid devices were used to generate vehicle and occupant responses from a series of laboratory rollover tests. For each rigid rollover test, a deceleration sled was used to subject each rigid vehicle to nearly identical lateral speeds and decelerations. The rigid vehicles were limited to a single roll by tethering the vehicles to the deceleration cart. The vehicle's roll rate, roll angle, lateral acceleration and Anthropomorphic Test Devices (ATD) neck responses generated from the rigid SUV were compared to the responses of a full vehicle production SUV under similar test conditions. The rigid SUV and Car devices were then used to examine the effects of activating safety belt pre-tensioning systems and roof mounted side curtain airbags at various times on ATD neck forces and moments. A brief discussion regarding some of the potential factors contributing to ATD neck loading in the single roll events is included.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
PD11-02 TO CLAMP OR NOT TO CLAMP: FOREGOING HILAR CLAMPING DURING PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY DOES NOT CHANGE RENAL OUTCOMES (2020)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Early retrospective data has shown that vascular clamping and increased ischemia time during partial nephrectomy (PN) has led to higher rates of both acute and chronic kidney disease. However, more recent studies have challenged this notion. Most contemporary series, however, do not assess if there is a benefit from forgoing vascular clamping altogether and avoiding ischemia. The purpose of our study is to assess if use of ischemia or type of ischemia utilized is associated with long-term renal outcomes.
Antibacterial action of acriflavine hydrochloride for eradication of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori (2020)

Helicobacter pylori, a type 1 carcinogen, accounts for numerous gastric cancer-related deaths worldwide. Repurposing existing drugs or developing new ones for a combinatorial approach against increasing antimicrobial resistance is the need of the hour. This study highlights the efficacy of acriflavine hydrochloride (ACF-HCl) in inhibiting the growth of H. pylori reference strain and antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates at low concentrations. ACF-HCl inhibits H. pylori growth at MIC value 10 times less than that in Escherichia coli, another Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, ACF-HCl demonstrates synergistic effect with clarithromycin, a commonly used antibiotic against H. pylori. ACF-HCl treatment also eradicates H. pylori infection in the mice model efficiently. Our in vitro data indicate that bacterial membrane is the prime target. The novel action of ACF-HCl against antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates, synergistic effect with the conventional antibiotic clarithromycin and eradication of H. pylori from infected mice highlight the potential of ACF-HCl as a promising therapeutic agent against H. pylori by itself as well as for combinatorial therapy.
Modified-atmosphere Packaging of Blueberry Fruit: Effect of Temperature on Package O2 and CO2 (1992)

Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. `Bluecrop') fruit sealed in low-density polyethylene packages were incubated at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, or 25C until O 2 and CO 2 levels in the package reached a steady state. A range of steady-state O 2 partial pressures (1 to 18 kPa) was created by placing a range of fruit weights within packages having a constant surface area and film thickness. The steady-state O 2 partial pressure in packages containing the same weight of fruit decreased as temperature increased, indicating the respiratory rate rose more rapidly (i.e., had a greater sensitivity to temperature) than O 2 transmission through the film. Steady-state O 2 and CO 2 partial pressures were used to calculate rates of O 2 uptake. CO 2 Production. and the respiratory quotient (RO). The effects of temperature and 0 2 partial pressure on O 2 uptake and CO 2 production and the RQ were characte∼zed. The steady-state O, partial pressure at which the fruit began to exhibit anaerobic CO 2 production (the RQ breakpoint) increased with increasing temperature, which implies that blueberry fruit can be stored at lower O 2 partial pressures when stored at lower temperatures.
Transplant-mediated enhancement of spinal cord GABAergic inhibition reverses paclitaxel-induced mechanical and heat hypersensitivity (2015)

Decreased spinal cord GABAergic inhibition is a major contributor to the persistent neuropathic pain that can follow peripheral nerve injury. Recently, we reported that restoring spinal cord GABAergic signaling by intraspinal transplantation of cortical precursors of GABAergic interneurons from the embryonic medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) can reverse the mechanical hypersensitivity (allodynia) that characterizes a neuropathic pain model in the mouse. We show that MGE cell transplants are also effective against both the mechanical allodynia and the heat hyperalgesia produced in a paclitaxel-induced chemotherapy model of neuropathic pain. To test the necessity of GABA release by the transplants, we also studied the utility of transplanting MGE cells from mice with a deletion of VGAT, the vesicular GABA transporter. Transplants from these mice, in which GABA is synthesized but cannot be stored or released, had no effect on mechanical hypersensitivity or heat hyperalgesia in the paclitaxel model. Taken together, these results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of GABAergic precursor cell transplantation in diverse neuropathic pain models and support our contention that restoration of inhibitory controls through release of GABA from the transplants is their mode of action.
The SPOROCYTELESS gene of Arabidopsis is required for initiation of sporogenesis and encodes a novel nuclear protein (1999)

The formation of haploid spores marks the initiation of the gametophytic phase of the life cycle of all vascular plants ranging from ferns to angiosperms. In angiosperms, this process is initiated by the differentiation of a subset of floral cells into sporocytes, which then undergo meiotic divisions to form microspores and megaspores. Currently, there is little information available regarding the genes and proteins that regulate this key step in plant reproduction. We report here the identification of a mutation, SPOROCYTELESS (SPL), which blocks sporocyte formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analysis of the SPL mutation suggests that development of the anther walls and the tapetum and microsporocyte formation are tightly coupled, and that nucellar development may be dependent on megasporocyte formation. Molecular cloning of the SPL gene showed that it encodes a novel nuclear protein related to MADS box transcription factors and that it is expressed during microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis. These data suggest that the SPL gene product is a transcriptional regulator of sporocyte development in Arabidopsis.
Erythropoietin is both a mitogen and a survival factor (1991)

Erythropoietin (Ep) regulates the proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells, but whether it functions solely as a survival factor or also acts as a mitogen is unresolved. Because late erythroid progenitor cells (CFU-E) are largely in cell cycle, we examined this issue by using an Ep-dependent, murine erythroleukemia cell line, HCD-57. In the presence of human Ep and fetal calf serum, HCD-57 cells had a doubling time of approximately 24 hours, and during log-phase growth approximately 36% of the cells were in G1, 45% in S, and 19% in G2/M. With Ep deprivation, there was a gradual loss of viability and an arrest of proliferation with a 44% increase in the G0/G1 population, which could be reversed by reexposure to Ep even after 72 hours of hormone withdrawal. As little as 2 hours of exposure to Ep was sufficient to stimulate DNA synthesis, and the lag time for initiation of DNA synthesis after exposure to the hormone was approximately 10 hours as measured by either incorporation of labeled thymidine into DNA or cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry. RNA synthesis, by contrast, was initiated within 2 hours after exposure to Ep and did not require DNA synthesis. Total cell DNA content increased after exposure to Ep, indicating that it was acting as mitogen in HCD- 57 cells. Ep was also able to stimulate DNA synthesis in the absence of serum as well as in its presence, indicating that the hormone could act as both a competence and a progression factor. Qualitative analysis of the integrity of HCD-57 DNA by electrophoresis in agar as well as direct measurement of DNA fragmentation after metabolic labeling with radioactive thymidine indicated that programmed cell death was occurring that could be reduced but not completely prevented by Ep. These data indicate that Ep acts as both a mitogen and a survival factor for HCD-57 cells.
Dynamic Voltage Scaling (2017)

This chapter presents a design technique that dynamically varies the supply voltage to only provide high throughput when required, as most portable devices require peak throughput only some fraction of the time. Programmable voltage regulators can be used, but they are not designed to continuously vary their output voltage and degrade the overall system energy efficiency. Processors generally operate at a fixed voltage and require a regulator to tightly control voltage supply variation. The voltage scheduler is a new operating system component for use in a dynamic voltage scaling system. The basic voltage scheduler algorithm determines the optimal clock frequency by combining the computation requirements of all the active tasks in the system, and ensuring that all latency requirements are met given the task ordering of the temporal scheduler. The delay of complementary metal oxide semiconductor circuits tracks over voltage such that functional verification is only required at one operating voltage.
LGG-44. A PHASE I DOSE ESCALATION TRIAL OF THE MEK1/2 INHIBITOR MEK162 (BINIMETINIB) IN CHILDREN WITH LOW-GRADE GLIOMAS AND OTHER RAS/RAF PATHWAY-ACTIVATED TUMORS (2018)

Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway activation is the primary driver of most pediatric low-grade gliomas (LGG). MEK162 is an orally bioavailable MEK1/2 inhibitor. The primary objective of this first-in-children multi-institutional open-label dose-escalation trial was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of MEK162 oral suspension in children. Children aged 1-18 years with recurrent, refractory or progressive LGG and other non-hematologic malignancies associated with Ras/Raf pathway activation were enrolled according to a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design. Partial response (PR) and radiographic progressive disease (PD) were defined as ≥50% decrease and ≥25% increase in 2-dimensional tumor measurements. Nineteen eligible patients, aged 2-15 (median 9) years, including 17 with LGG, were enrolled and began treatment at five dose levels, from 16 to 32mg/m2/dose twice daily. There were no dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) in 18 DLT-evaluable patients; MTD was not reached. Most common drug-attributable grade ≥2 toxicities included (all grade 2 unless specified): asymptomatic elevated creatine kinase in 9 patients (53%; 1 grade 4, 3 grade 3), acneiform or maculopapular rash in 8 (47%; 2 grade 3), dry skin in 5 (29%; 2 grade 3), and lymphopenia in 4 (24%; 1 grade 3). To date, 4 patients have had clinical or radiographic PD (3 with LGG), and 4 LGG patients have had sustained PR. Twelve LGG patients have completed at least 36 weeks therapy, with a median 29% decrease in 2-dimensional tumor measurements. MEK162 is well tolerated in this pediatric population, with evidence of antitumor activity. A phase II study is ongoing.