gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity to bee and wasp venoms: association with specific IgE responses to the bee and wasp venom and HLA DRB1 and DPB1 (1997)

Summary Background Stings from bees and wasps can cause systemic reactions which can be fatal in some individuals. In these venom‐sensitive patients, specific IgE to the venom is produced and is considered to participate in the adverse reactions. This immune response requires antigen presentation by human leucocyte antigens (HLA) class II molecules, which includes DR and DP, which are present on antigen presenting cells. Objective To test for associations between HLA class II DRB1 and DPB1 alleles and life‐ threatening sensitivity to both bee and wasp venoms. To establish further whether any associations are independent of the atopy phenotype. Methods A total of 33 bee‐ and 44 wasp‐venom‐sensitive patients was studied. DRB1 genotypes were determined by single stranded oligonucleotide (SSO) probing of PCR products, and DPB1 genotypes by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. Total and specific IgE were measured using the Pharmacia Immunocap, FEIA. Patients with specific IgE to the venom antigens only were termed monosensitive and those with additional specific IgE to HDM and/or GP were termed polysensitive. Results Allele frequencies were compared to an unrelated control population. The 33 bee‐ sensitive patients had a greater prevalence of DRB 1*07 alleles than the control subjects, 26% vs 14%, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.1 (95%CI, 1.2–3.7, P = 0.015, corrected for multiple comparisons, p c &gt; = ns). This association was confined to the 15 monosensitive bee patients, who had a 43% DRB 1*07 allele frequency when compared with 11% in the 18 polysensitive bee patients, OR 6.1 (95%CI, 1.73–22, P = 0.004, p c = 0.05), and when compared with a control group of non‐venom subjects, 43% vs 16%, OR 3.9 (95% CI, 1.72–9.0, P = 0.002, p c = 0.02). The 44 wasp‐sensitive patients had an increase in the DRB1*11 allele when compared with the control subjects, 13% vs 6%, with an OR 2.2 (95%CI, 1.0–4.6, P = 0.04, p c = NS), and a decreased prevalence of DRB 1*04 alleles, 10% vs 19%, with an OR 0.33 (95%CI, 0.24–0.99, P = 0.04, p c = NS), but these were not significant when multiple comparisons were taken into account. The DPB1 alleles were not significantly different between the venom sensitive patients and the controls. Conclusion Patients monosensitive to bee venom had a significantly greater prevalence of DRB 1 *07 alleles than the non‐venom, control population suggesting that IgE responses in these patients may, in part be controlled by immune response HLA class II genes. These results are also suggestive of wasp‐sensitive patients having a higher prevalence of DRB1*11 and a lower prevalence of DRB 1*04 than the control population.
Properties and structures of TiO2-ZnO-P2O5 glasses (2010)

The glass forming region of TiO2–ZnO–P2O5 glasses was investigated at 1400°C, which is lower than the melting temperature of general titanophosphete glasses. TiO2 could be added up to 15 mol% in the TiO2–ZnO–P2O5 glasses. The glass forming region of 15TiO2–ZnO–P2O5 was quite smaller than that of ZnO–P2O5, and the glasses with TiO2 were colorized by the formation of Ti3+. The refractive index of the glasses increased with increases in the TiO2 concentrations, and the maximum was 1.656. The glass transition temperature, Tg, of the glasses increased with increased TiO2 concentrations, although Tg decreased with increases in the ratio of ZnO to P2O5. Raman spectra of the glasses suggested that P–O–Ti bonds were formed by the addition of TiO2. The increase in Tg and the narrow glass forming region were caused by the formation of strong chemical bonds, P–O–Ti.
Distribution of Antibody to Hepatitis A Antigen in Urban Adult Populations (1976)

To investigate the prevalence and distribution of antibody to hepatitis A antigen we tested 947 randomly selected people in the Greater New York City area; 45 per cent were antigen positive, as determined by the immune adherence method. Antibody was detected two to three times more frequently in lower social classes (72 to 80 per cent) than in middle and upper-middle classes (18 to 30 per cent). The rate of antibody detection was strongly correlated with age; the prevalence gradually increased throughout adulthood and reached its peak level in people 50 years of age and older. Those with serologic evidence of past exposure to hepatitis B virus were significantly more often antibody positive than those without such evidence (61 vs. 40 per cent; P less than 0.001). Very few of the positive subjects had had hepatitis. The prevalence of this antibody varies among different population groups, increases with age, decreases with rise in socioeconomic status, is independent on sex and race, and correlates with serologic evidence of hepatitis B virus infections.
Strong adsorption, catalysis and lithiophilic modulation of carbon nitride for lithium/sulfur battery (2021)

Lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries have emerged as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems with advantages of high theoretical energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness. However, problems regarding to severe shuttle effect of soluble polysulfide, poor electronic/ionic conductor of solid charged/discharged products (S<sub>8</sub> and Li<sub>2</sub>S), and fatal swell of volume along with the growth of Li dendrites greatly deteriorate the sulfur utilization and capacity retention during extended charge-discharge cycles. With advantages of high nitrogen content, lithiophilic modulation and tunable charge density and charge transfer, carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) has played a positive role in restricting the shuttle effects and dendrite formation. This minireview mainly discusses these research achievements of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> in Li/S batteries, aiming to provide a basic understanding and direct guidance for further research and development of functionalized g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> materials in electrical energy storage. The two-dimensional (2D) structure of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> with abundant hierarchical pores improves its accommodation capacity for sulfur by effectively confining the lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) into the pores, and provides favorable channels for ion diffusion. The rich nitrogen and carbon defects further offer more active sites for strongly adsorbing LiPSs and bridge electron transfer pathway at atomic scale for catalytic reactions to accelerate redox kinetics of Li/S conversion chemistry. Moreover, the features of lithiophilic wettability, high adsorption energy and densely distributed lithiophilic N of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> provide a large number of adhesive sites for lithium cation (Li<sup>+</sup>) and disperse the nucleation sites to enable uniform nucleation and deposition of Li on the anode surface and to suppress formation and growth of Li dendrites. Finally, the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> also effectively regulates the wettability between Li anode and solid inorganic electrolyte, and reduces the crystallinity of solid polymer electrolyte to enhance the Li<sup>+</sup> migration ability and ionic conductivity.
Hyperbranched Polymer/Clay nanocomposites (2003)

Keywords: nanocomposites ; thermosetting resin ; mechanical properties ; rheological properties Reference EPFL-CONF-179152 Record created on 2012-06-29, modified on 2016-08-09
Ethylene Polymerization Using Tetramethyl(2-methylthioethyl)cyclopentadienyl Complexes of Cobalt (2003)

Tetramethyl(2-methylthioethyl)cyclopentadiene complexes of cobalt have been synthesized and tested in ethylene polymerization. In combination with MMAO-3A, tetramethyl(2-methylthioethyl)cyclopentadienylcobalt diiodide (4) was shown to polymerize ethylene to linear polyethylene with Mn's in the range of 5000−68 000. The activity of the catalyst is improved compared to the previously described catalysts containing the Cp*Co+(PR3) unit. Cationic (tetramethyl(2-methylthioethyl)cyclopentadienyl)methylcobalt nitrile complexes 8 were also shown to be competent ethylene polymerization catalysts, producing polyethylene with similar properties as observed with 4/MMAO-3A.
Silica microbeams for tunable Bragg gratings (2013)

Summary form only given. Microbeams integrated with optical components have found applications in telecoms and sensing applications[1][2]. We present fabrication, characterisation and modelling of silica microbeams containing an integration optical waveguide and Bragg reflectors. These optical elements, fabricated using direct UV writing process, have applications in telecoms and sensing[3]. Thermal tuning of the integral Bragg gratings is enhanced and the energy requirements greatly reduced by a factor of 50.The ability to tune a Bragg grating's reflected wavelength provides a route to numerous potential applications such as tunable add/drop multiplexers. While this has already been achieved in fibre optics there are situations where the planar format has advantages in terms of compactness and integration. Of the possible tuning mechanisms, temperature tuning is most common, yielding wide tuning ranges as well as uniform spectral response. Temperature tuning can however suffer from power inefficiency and poor time response due to the large thermal mass of the device. Locating the optical elements in a microbeam is an elegant way to provide localised tuning to a small thermal mass, thereby increasing energy efficiency and reducing crosstalk with other components on the device. Silica microbeams have been fabricated using a series of microfabrication techniques including micro-milling, KOH etching of silicon and evaporative metal deposition. The resultant devices are geometrically uniform and surprisingly robust although only 100μm wide.The devices characterized show that the observed Bragg peak shift is close to linear with the applied electrical power. The data in figure 1 shows a tuning of almost 0.5 nm with 12 mW of heating power. Another potentially useful property of microbeams is elastic buckling[4]. Buckling either occurs following fabrication due to the stresses caused by the silica deposition process or can be induced by other forms of actuation such as thermal stress. Utilizing buckling in thermal tuning could allow tuning between bi-stable states with no requirement for continuous energy supply. We shall present our findings including the fabrication and characterization of microbeam devices and applications of a tunable Bragg grating.
Moral Expansiveness Around the World: The Role of Societal Factors Across 36 Countries (2022)

What are the things that we think matter morally, and how do societal factors influence this? To date, research has explored several individual-level and historical factors that influence the size of our ‘moral circles.' There has, however, been less attention focused on which societal factors play a role. We present the first multi-national exploration of moral expansiveness—that is, the size of people’s moral circles across countries. We found low generalized trust, greater perceptions of a breakdown in the social fabric of society, and greater perceived economic inequality were associated with smaller moral circles. Generalized trust also helped explain the effects of perceived inequality on lower levels of moral inclusiveness. Other inequality indicators (i.e., Gini coefficients) were, however, unrelated to moral expansiveness. These findings suggest that societal factors, especially those associated with generalized trust, may influence the size of our moral circles.
Convective-Diffusive Mass Transport in Elongated Filaments and Membranes (1998)

In several polymer production and processing technologies diffusive mass transport with convection due to elongational flow is encountered. Examples of such processes are film-blowing, fibre-spinning and polymer strand devolatilization. The classes of problems considered in this paper are steady-state and – closely related to them – unsteady-state convection-diffusion problems with elongational flow. The question treated is as to what influence the type and strength of the elongational flow have on the convective-diffusive mass transport inside the polymer phase.
Short-Term Spot Size and Beam Wander in a Turbulent Medium (1974)

Abstract : The authors have calculated the short-term beam spread and beam wander of a laser beam propagating in a turbulent medium. These results have been used to calculate the probability that, due to beam wander, the beam will fail to hit a receiver aperture.
Semi-automatic generation of parallelizable patterns from source code examples (2002)

Generation of program patterns from source code is a difficult, time consuming and error-prone process when performed by programmers. We describe an implemented system which generates patterns from an abstract syntax tree with interaction by the user. Our approach is based on creating intermediate patterns by exploring data dependencies in the source code and allowing the user to change and/or eliminate parts of it in order to create a final pattern. We describe the architecture of our system as well as the pattern language used and illustrate our approach with examples.
Spectrally resolved temporal coherence of spectrally narrowband filtered high-power supercontinuum light source versus an appropriately treated laser-driven plasma light source (2023)

For interferometric measurement methods such as optical white light interferometry, the coherence length of the implemented broadband light source is of central importance in order to realize a high axial resolution as well as a large dynamic range of the measurement system. In the case the broadband light sources are spectrally resolved by a spectral dispersive element, the spatial coherence and emission duration define primarily the coherence of the light source when no stimulated emission occurs. Broadband light sources with a high brilliance, such as supercontinuum and laser-driven plasma light sources, are particularly interesting for interferometric measurement methods because of their high spectral width and beam quality with enormous spectral power density. Especially for interferometric measurements, the coherence of the light source is essential. In the scope of the investigations, the coherence length and spectral power density of highpower supercontinuum light source based on a Yb-doped photonic crystal fiber in a nonlinear fiber amplifier setup and a commercially available laser-driven plasma light source were comparatively investigated with conventional white light sources. It was shown that the investigated high-power supercontinuum light source can be used very well for interferometric investigations. Furthermore, the achieved spectral pulse peak power densities exceed the laser-driven plasma light sources by a factor of one million.
Characteristics of valley microstrip lines for use in multilayer MMIC's (1991)

A valley microstrip line fabricated by using multilayer monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technologies is proposed, and its performance was investigated experimentally. Each transmission line was measured by using on-wafer probers and a HP8510 network analyzer. Four microstrip lines with dielectric overlay, whose polyimide layer thickness/strip conductor widths were 2.5 mu m/5 mu m, 5 mu m/10 mu m, 7.5 mu m/16 mu m, and 10 mu m/22 mu m were measured. Characteristic impedance of each line is 50 Omega . For the valley microstrip line, the polyimide layer thickness underneath varies from 3-10 mu m. With a strip conductor width of 6 mu m, the characteristic impedance is 50 Omega .< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Location Inferring Model Based on Tweets and Bilateral Follow Friends (2014)

Inferring user’s location has emerged to be a critical and interesting issue in social media field. It is a challenging problem due to the sparse geo-enabled features in social media, for example, only less than 1% of tweets are geo-tagged. This paper proposes a location inferring model for microblog users who have not geo-tagged based on their tweets content and bilateral follow friends. An approach for extracting local words from “textual” data in microblog and weighting them is used to solve the sparse geo-enabled problem, and the maximum weight location vocabulary from his/her friends or tweets is inferred as the user’s location. On a Sina-Weibo test set of 10,000 users from 10 cities, with 10 selected local words for each city, the inferring location accuracy on the city-level can reach 78.85%, and on the province-level can reach 81.39%. Compared with the TEDAS method, our method can achieve better accuracy.
On the generality of optimal control theory for laser-induced control field design (1996)

Optimal control theory is argued to be the most general method for designing fields used to induce desired chemical reactions. Other ‘‘schemes’’ for field design which constrain the field form and introduce limiting dynamical assumptions are shown to be particular solutions of the more general optimal control theory (OCT).
Charge state of vacancy defects in Eu-doped GaN (2017)

Eu ions have been doped into GaN in order to achieve red luminescence under current injection, where coupling between the Eu ions and intrinsic defects such as vacancies are known to play an important role. However, the charge state of the vacancies and the impact it would have on the optical and magnetic properties of the Eu ions have not been explored. Through a combination of first-principle calculations and experimental results, the influence of the charge state of the defect environment surrounding the Eu ions has been investigated. We have identified two Eu centers that are related through the charge state of a local vacancy defect. These two centers were found to exhibit a mutual metastability, such that each center can be excited in one configuration and emit as the other. This metastability was found to be dependent on temperature and the wavelength of the excitation laser. Furthermore, one of these centers was found to have an effective magnetic $g$ factor that is substantially larger than what is expected for an isolated $\mathrm{E}{\mathrm{u}}^{3+}$ ion and is explained by a change in the charge state of the defect environment around the Eu. This prediction could also offer a new explanation for the saturation magnetization previously observed in GaN : Eu and other GaN:RE systems.
Prognostic factors in acute pancreatitis. (1984)

Prognostic factor scoring systems provide one method of predicting severity of acute pancreatitis. This paper reports the prospective assessment of a system using nine factors available within 48 hours of admission. This assessment does not include patient data used to compile the system. Of 405 episodes of acute pancreatitis occurring in a seven year period, 72% had severity correctly predicted by the system; 31% of 131 episodes with three or more factors present were severe and 8% of 274 episodes with less than three factors were severe. Assessment of individual factors revealed only one which did not predict severity. A scoring system based on the other eight factors correctly predicted severity in 79% of episodes. Prognostic factor scoring systems (i) alert the clinician to potentially severe disease, (ii) allow comparison of severity within and between patient series and (iii) will allow rational selection of patients for trials of new treatment.
Visualizing Photochemical Dynamics in Solution through Picosecond X-Ray Scattering (2001)

A photoexcited state of molecular iodine in solution is observed using diffuse x-ray scattering at a synchrotron source. The measured changes in the diffuse scattering profile were consistent with earlier models of iodine's photodissociation and geminate recombination reaction, for which the recombined A/A(') state has a 0.4 A greater interatomic spacing than the resting state and has a lifetime of 500 ps in CH2Cl2. This technique should find application in the study of increasingly complicated photochemical systems which undergo structural rearrangements following rapid photolysis.
The properties of elicitor-responsive photon emissions enhanced by pretreatment with plant defense activators. (2007)

生物的エリシター1種と非生物的エリシター2種を用いて, イネ培養細胞からのエリシター応答発光の特性を調査した. これらの発光強度や時間的推移はエリシターの種類や濃度により異なったが, エリシター毎に特徴的な発光パターンを示した. 抵抗性誘導物質であるASMの前処理によるエリシター応答発光の増強程度は, エリシター処理濃度が低濃度ほど高かった. 各種抵抗性誘導物質の前処理によるエリシター応答発光の増強程度は抵抗性誘導物質の種類により異なったが, プライミング効果は塩化銅 (II) の一部を除いた全ての抵抗性誘導物質とエリシターの組み合わせで見られたことから, 本現象はエリシターにある程度共通した現象であると考えられた. 本現象の利用による抵抗性誘導剤の新規なスクリーニング方法が期待される.
Las Nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en el aprendizaje de alumnos con discapacidad intelectual (2009)

En la actualidad, nos encontramos inmersos en una revolucion digital la cual esta cambiando la manera de actuar y concebir la mayor parte de los campos de nuestra vida diaria. Ante este hecho consideramos que la escuela, como institucion encargada de formar a las personas para su desarrollo personal y profesional, tampoco debe quedar al margen pues las Nuevas Tecnologias de la Informacion y la Comunicacion (TICs) se presentan como motor de cambio e innovacion educativa.
En este trabajo, analizaremos el papel de las TICs en el aprendizaje de alumnos con necesidades especificas de apoyo educativo asociadas a discapacidad intelectual destacando ademas, algunas de las potencialidades que dichos recursos presentan en la practica docente asi como tambien las principales limitaciones que consideramos mas relevantes y, por tanto, suponen un obstaculo para la incorporacion total de estos medios al ambito de la educacion especial. Para finalizar, haremos referencia al uso de la Webquest como herramienta didactica, basada en el aprendizaje cooperativo y en procesos de investigacion, la cual permite la incorporacion de Internet en el aula.
Label Ranking Forests (2016)

Abstract The problem of Label Ranking is receiving increasing attention from several research communities. The algorithms that have been developed/adapted to treat rankings of a fixed set of labels as the target object, including several different types of decision trees (DT). One DT‐based algorithm, which has been very successful in other tasks but which has not been adapted for label ranking is the Random Forests (RF) algorithm. RFs are an ensemble learning method that combines different trees obtained using different randomization techniques. In this work, we propose an ensemble of decision trees for Label Ranking, based on Random Forests, which we refer to as Label Ranking Forests (LRF). Two different algorithms that learn DT for label ranking are used to obtain the trees. We then compare and discuss the results of LRF with standalone decision tree approaches. The results indicate that the method is highly competitive.
Statin Intensity and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Very Low LDL-Cholesterol (2016)

This study provides evidence that higher intensity statins are beneficial for cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable CAD and very low LDL-C. Statins equivalent to or stronger than atorvastatin 20 mg are more effective than lower intensity statins.
A 1.5V 28mA fully-integrated fast-locking quad-band GSM-GPRS transmitter with digital auto-calibration in 130nm CMOS (2004)

A 1.5 V 28 mA quad-band GSM-GPRS transmitter, with digital auto-calibration, is implemented in 2.1 mm/sup 2/, using a 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS process. It achieves a lock time of 43 /spl mu/s, GSM receive band phase noise of -158 dBc/Hz and -165 dBc/Hz for the high- and low-bands, respectively, and reference feed through less than -95 dBc.