gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Chiral Fragrances on Human Autonomic Nervous System Parameters and Self-evaluation (2001)

The effects of chiral fragrances (enantiomers of limonene and carvone) on the human autonomic nervous system (ANS) and on self-evaluation were studied in 20 healthy volunteers. Each fragrance was administered to each subject by inhalation using an A-A-B design. Individuals were tested in four separate sessions; in one session one fragrance was administered. ANS parameters recorded were skin temperature, skin conductance, breathing rate, pulse rate, blood oxygen saturation and systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure. Subjective experience was assessed in terms of mood, calmness and alertness on visual analog scales. In addition, fragrances were rated in terms of pleasantness, intensity and stimulating property. Inhalation of (+)-limonene led to increased systolic blood pressure, subjective alertness and restlessness. Inhalation of (-)-limonene caused an increase in systolic blood pressure but had no effects on psychological parameters. Inhalation of (-)-carvone caused increases in pulse rate, diastolic blood pressure and subjective restlessness. After inhalation of (+)-carvone increased levels of systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure were observed. Correlational analyses revealed that changes in both ANS parameters and self-evaluation were in part related to subjective evaluation of the odor and suggest that both pharmacological and psychological mechanisms are involved in the observed effects. In conclusion, the present study indicates that: (i) prolonged inhalation of fragrances influences ANS parameters as well as mental and emotional conditions; (ii) effects of fragrances are in part based on subjective evaluation of odor; (iii) chirality of odor molecules seems to be a central factor with respect to the biological activity of fragrances.
Throughput of CDMA Data Networks With Reduced-Rank MMSE Receivers and Automatic Retransmission Request (2007)

Reduced-rank MMSE receivers have been proposed for CDMA communication systems recently. The output SINR, provided by a reduced-rank receiver depends on the filter rank and is confined between the SINRs of the single user matched filter (SUMF) and the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) receiver. The same remark is valid for the bit error rate (BER). In packet CDMA data networks like HSDPA, the measure of performance is the throughput. Thus, previous results on reduced-rank MMSE receivers SINR cannot be used directly. In this paper, we study the throughput of CDMA data networks using reduced-rank MMSE receivers, automatic retransmission request (ARQ) and packet combining. We study the effect of the filter rank on the throughput of the system.
A Macroscopic Mathematical Model for Cell Migration Assays Using a Real-Time Cell Analysis (2016)

Experiments of cell migration and chemotaxis assays have been classically performed in the so-called Boyden Chambers. A recent technology, xCELLigence Real Time Cell Analysis, is now allowing to monitor the cell migration in real time. This technology measures impedance changes caused by the gradual increase of electrode surface occupation by cells during the course of time and provide a Cell Index which is proportional to cellular morphology, spreading, ruffling and adhesion quality as well as cell number. In this paper we propose a macroscopic mathematical model, based on advection-reaction-diffusion partial differential equations, describing the cell migration assay using the real-time technology. We carried out numerical simulations to compare simulated model dynamics with data of observed biological experiments on three different cell lines and in two experimental settings: absence of chemotactic signals (basal migration) and presence of a chemoattractant. Overall we conclude that our minimal mathematical model is able to describe the phenomenon in the real time scale and numerical results show a good agreement with the experimental evidences.
STEM CELL MOBILIZATION AND LEUKAPHERESIS IN MINIATURE SWINE FOR THE PURPOSE OF FACILITATING HEMATOPOEITIC CELL ENGRAFTMENT FOLLOWING MINIMALLY TOXIC CONDITIONING (2010)

Pathiraja, V. A.1; Lutton, B.2; Wikiel, K.2; Duran-Struuck, R.2; Matar, A.2; Crepeau, R.2; Wamala, I.2; Teague, A.2; Wu, A.2; Huang, C. A.2; Sachs, D. H.2 Author Information
The role of RAD51 in etoposide (VP16) resistance in small cell lung cancer (2003)

Etoposide (VP16) is a potent inducer of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and is efficiently used in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) therapy. However, acquired VP16 resistance remains an important barrier to effective treatment. To understand the underlying mechanisms for VP16 resistance in SCLC, we investigated DSB repair and cellular VP16 sensitivity of SCLC cells. VP16 sensitivity and RAD51, DNA-PK(cs), topoisomerase IIalpha and P-glycoprotein protein levels were determined in 17 SCLC cell lines. In order to unravel the role of RAD51 in VP16 resistance, we cloned the human RAD51 gene, transfected SCLC cells with RAD51 sense or antisense constructs and measured the VP16 resistance. Finally, we measured VP16-induced DSBs in the 17 SCLC cell lines. Two cell lines exhibited a multidrug-resistant phenotype. In the other SCLC cell lines, the cellular VP16 resistance was positively correlated with the RAD51 protein level. In addition, downregulation or overexpression of the RAD51 gene altered the VP16 sensitivity. Furthermore, the levels of the RAD51 and DNA-PK(cs) proteins were related to VP16-induced DSBs. The results suggest that repair of VP16-induced DSBs is mediated through both RAD51-dependent homologous recombination and DNA-PK(cs)-dependent nonhomologous end-joining and may be a determinant of the variation in clinical treatment effect observed in human SCLC tumors of identical histologic subtype. Finally, we propose RAD51 as a potential target to improve VP16 efficacy and predict tumor resistance in the treatment of SCLC patients.
Fluorescence background discrimination by prebleaching. (1979)

A number of electrooptical techniques are described that discriminate against background fluorescence in biologic staining, whether from sample background or unbound excess stain. These techniques are based on the fluorescent decay lifetime difference between bound stain and the sample background or between the bound stain its free form. The fluorescence decay lifetimes may be measured either directly or in a combination gated photometry scheme to substantially enhance the sample background contrast. An alternative procedure uses the photochemical bleaching of fluorescent dyes under intense exposure to time discriminate with higher selectivity, sensitivity and in a more convenient fashion between diverse fluorescent molecules.
Is Aortic Impedance Altered in Dwarf Mice? (2005)

Dwarf mouse (deficient in growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1) lives about 30% longer than wild type mice. However, very little is known about their cardiovascular physiology. We examined the aortic input impedance in dwarf mice and their wild-type littermates to evaluate any differences. Aortic impedance was determined using pressure and velocity signals which are independent of body size. Significant differences were observed in the body weight, aortic systolic, diastolic and mean pressures, and peak and mean aortic flow velocities. No differences were observed in impedance parameters of peripheral resistance, impedance at first harmonic, and characteristic impedance between the two groups. However, the impedance curve in the dwarf mice was higher at low frequency and decreased gradually with increasing frequencies but in the wild type mice the impedance curve oscillated around the characteristic impedance.
Microscopic colitis. A review (2013)

Microscopic colitis (MC) is characterized by a triad of watery diarrhea, usually normal colonoscopic findings and typical microscopic findings. Two distinct histological forms of MC have been defined: lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis, but overlapping features may be present. The incidence of MC appears to be rising and in some countries it may account for as many as 10-20% of patients with non-bloody watery diarrhea. The cause of MC remains unknown and is likely to be multifactorial. The pathogenesis is poorly defined, and numerous immunological abnormalities have been reported. MC is commonly associated with autoimmune diseases including celiac disease. Use of various medications, most notably non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and proton pump inhibitors, have been etiologically implicated but not firmly established as causative. In imperfect trials several agents have been reported to be effective in the treatment of MC; budesonide is the best studied and evidence supporting its effectiveness is the most persuasive. In cases of otherwise unexplained watery, non-bloody diarrhea, MC should be considered and colonic biopsied specimens should be taken of normal-appearing mucosa.
Effect of upstream DNA architecture on transcription of a human LINE-1 retrotransposon sequence. (2001)

We have cloned a human genomic DNA fragment that contains a complex bent DNA structure and a LINE-1 (L1) sequence. The bent DNA structure spans from 70 to -440 relative to the transcription start site of L1, and contains a left-handed sup erhelical structure from about 70 to -200. When we changed the rotational orientation of the bent DNA relative to the L1 promoter by inserting double-stranded oligonucleotides between positions -3 and -4, L1 promoter activity was profoundly affected Inserts of 5 and 16 by altered the rotational position by about 180°, and stimulated transcription 2- to 3-fold Insertions of 11 and 21 base pairs, which altered the rotational orientati on minimally, had much less effect. We present here the first experimental evidence that upstream DNA architecture influences the machinery employed in L1 transcription.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SOME FUROCHROMENES WHICH ARE PHARMACOCHEMICAL ANALOGS OF XANTHYLETIN AND SESELIN (1981)

Abstract Aus den isomeren Hydroxy‐aldehyden (I) und (IV) erhält man durch Kondensation mit Chloressigsäureester (II) in basischem Milieu die kondensierten Carbonsäureester (IIIa) bzw. (IVa).
Enhanced photoresponse in curled graphene ribbons (2013)

Graphene has become one of the most promising materials for future optoelectronics due to its ultrahigh charge-carrier mobility, high light transmission, and universal absorbance in the near-infrared and visible spectral ranges. However, a zero band gap and ultrafast recombination of the photoexcited electron-hole pairs limit graphene's potential in photovoltaic generation. Recent studies have shown that hot carriers can enhance photovoltaic generation in graphene p-n junctions through the photothermoelectric effect (PTE). It is, therefore, desirable to synthesize graphene nanostructures with an intrinsic PTE-induced photocurrent response. Here we report a simple method to synthesize quasi-one dimensional (quasi-1D) curled graphene ribbons (CGRs) that generate a photocurrent response with two orders of magnitude enhancement. Scanning photocurrent and photoluminescence measurements reveal that the photocurrent response is primarily attributed to the PTE and that the infrared emission may arise from thermal radiation. These results offer a new way to fabricate graphene-based optoelectronics with an enhanced photoresponse.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Benzo[b]furyl (+)‐Norcamphor‐Derived Hydroperoxide: Study of the Activity as an Oxidant in Asymmetric Epoxidations. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Racial Disparities in Extremity Soft-Tissue Sarcoma Outcomes (2014)

African Americans encounter death due to STS at a much larger proportion and faster rate than their respective white counterparts. African Americans frequently present with a larger size tumor, do not undergo surgical resection, or receive radiation therapy as frequently as compared with their white peers. Barriers to timely and appropriate care should be further investigated in this group of at-risk patients.
Effect of Guglielmi detachable coil placement on intraaneurysmal pressure: experimental study in canines. (2001)

Graded saline power injections into parent arteries can rapidly increase intraaneurysmal pressure. GDC treatment did not attenuate mean intraaneurysmal pressures, but both dampened the pressure amplitude and delayed pressure increases during locally induced hypertension.
The Genetics of Bile Acid Degradation in Pseudomonas spp.: Location and Cloning of Catabolic Genes (1989)

Four Pseudomonas spp. capable of utilizing bile acids as sole carbon source were examined for the presence of plasmids. One plasmid was found in Pseudomonas sp. RAL8, but no plasmids could be detected in the other three strains. Mitomycin C curing of RAL8 did not affect the ability of the strain to grow on bile acids. This suggested that the genetic information for bile acid catabolism in all four strains was chromosomally located. To isolate bile acid catabolic genes. DNA from RAL8 was partially digested with Sau3A, then the DNA fragments cloned into the broad-host-range cosmid vector pMMB33. The resulting gene bank was screened by plate-mating with two stable RAL8 mutants. Four of the gene bank clones were found to give a positive complementation with one or both mutants. Examination of the plasmids in the four clones revealed that they were unstable, but detailed mapping enabled a 52 kb restriction map to be derived. Further complementation work showed that two of the bile acid catabolic genes are located close together on the map, and may be contiguous.
Influence of Skin Flora and Preventive Measures on Surgical Site Infection during Cardiac Surgery (2006)

Background: The skin flora responsible for most surgical site infections (SSIs) include Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Propionibacterium acnes, gram-negative bacilli, micrococci, and diphtheroids. The two major methods of reducing local concentrations of bacteria are administration of an antibiotic and cleansing of the skin. Resistance to antibiotics is a major concern. Mortality rates in patients infected by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or comparably virulent bacteria may be as high as 74%. Methods: Review of current practice and guidelines. Results: There is no standard regimen for antimicrobial prophylaxis. No added benefit is conferred by prophylaxis exceeding 48 h. A number of preoperative skin care techniques have been used to limit concentrations of bacteria at the surgical site, including antiseptic preparations, adhesive barrier drapes, topical antibiotics, hair removal, and hand hygiene. Conclusions: Antibiotic prophylaxis minimizes the risk of SSI in patients having cardiac surgery. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria makes it necessary to avoid the use of antimicrobials when they are not necessary. Preoperative skin care does reduce contamination at the incisional site and may reduce the risk of SSI.
Biomimetic-Type Synthesis of the Racemic Non-Aromatic Angucyclinones of the SF 2315 and SS 228Y Types (2000)

The biomimetic-type aldol reaction of the tricyclic (E)-configured precursors 6a/b gave the racemic nonaromatic angucycline derivatives 11-13 of the SF 2315 and SS 288Y types. Chelate controlled conditions in the cyclization of 6b led to the regioisomeric product 10.
Joint Input-Label Embedding for Neural Text Classification. (2018)

Neural text classification methods typically treat output classes as categorical labels which lack description and semantics. This leads to an inability to train them well on large label sets or to generalize to unseen labels and makes speed and parameterization dependent on the size of the label set. Joint input-label space methods ameliorate the above issues by exploiting label texts or descriptions, but often at the expense of weak performance on the labels seen frequently during training. In this paper, we propose a label-aware text classification model which addresses these issues without compromising performance on the seen labels. The model consists of a joint input-label multiplicative space and a label-set-size independent classification unit and is trained with cross-entropy loss to optimize accuracy. We evaluate our model on text classification for multilingual news and for biomedical text with a large label set. The label-aware model consistently outperforms both monolingual and multilingual classification models which do not leverage label semantics and previous joint input-label space models.
Angiogenesis stimulated by elevated PDGF-BB in subchondral bone contributes to osteoarthritis development (2020)

Increased subchondral bone angiogenesis with blood vessels breaching the tidemark into the avascular cartilage is a diagnostic feature of human osteoarthritis. However, the mechanisms that initiate subchondral bone angiogenesis remain unclear. We show that abnormally increased platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) secretion by mononuclear preosteoclasts induces subchondral bone angiogenesis, contributing to osteoarthritis development. In mice after destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM), aberrant joint subchondral bone angiogenesis developed during an early stage of osteoarthritis, before articular cartilage damage occurred. Mononuclear preosteoclasts in subchondral bone secrete excessive amounts of PDGF-BB, which activates platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β) signaling in pericytes for neo-vessel formation. Selective knockout of PDGF-BB in preosteoclasts attenuates subchondral bone angiogenesis and abrogates joint degeneration and subchondral innervation induced by DMM. Transgenic mice that express PDGF-BB in preosteoclasts recapitulate pathological subchondral bone angiogenesis and develop joint degeneration and subchondral innervation spontaneously. Our study provides the first evidence to our knowledge that PDGF-BB derived from preosteoclasts is a key driver of pathological subchondral bone angiogenesis during osteoarthritis development and offers a new avenue for developing early treatments for this disease.
Pharmacological Inhibition of Caspase and Calpain Proteases: A Novel Strategy to Enhance the Homing Responses of Cord Blood HSPCs during Expansion (2012)

Our present study reveals another novel aspect of the regulation of caspase and calpain proteases in the biology of HSPCs. The priming of the homing responses of the inhibitor-cultured HSPCs compared to the cytokine-graft suggests that the modulation of these proteases may help in overcoming the major homing defects prevalent in the expansion cultures thereby facilitating the manipulation of cells for transplant procedures.
Positive factors related to graduate student mental health (2021)

<b>Objective:</b> Graduate students report high levels of distress, levels that professionals are calling a mental health crisis. Researchers have identified several factors that may exacerbate student distress, but our objective was to assess positive aspects that may attenuate distress. <b>Methods:</b> Over 3600 graduate students from 10 campuses responded to questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms as well as both positive and negative aspects of their current lives. <b>Results:</b> Both negative factors (financial concerns, poor mentorship, and perceived institutional discrimination) and positive factors (social support, departmental social climate, and optimism about their career prospects) are related to depressive symptoms in the expected directions, although the positive factors have stronger effects. Further, positive factors buffer the effects of the negative aspects on depressive symptoms. <b>Conclusion:</b> Although findings are correlational and do not imply causation, results suggest potentially modifiable factors that universities should consider when considering graduate student well-being.
Targeted Correction and Restored Function of the CFTR Gene in Cystic Fibrosis Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (2015)

Recently developed reprogramming and genome editing technologies make possible the derivation of corrected patient-specific pluripotent stem cell sources-potentially useful for the development of new therapeutic approaches. Starting with skin fibroblasts from patients diagnosed with cystic fibrosis, we derived and characterized induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines. We then utilized zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), designed to target the endogenous CFTR gene, to mediate correction of the inherited genetic mutation in these patient-derived lines via homology-directed repair (HDR). We observed an exquisitely sensitive, homology-dependent preference for targeting one CFTR allele versus the other. The corrected cystic fibrosis iPSCs, when induced to differentiate in vitro, expressed the corrected CFTR gene; importantly, CFTR correction resulted in restored expression of the mature CFTR glycoprotein and restoration of CFTR chloride channel function in iPSC-derived epithelial cells.
Experimental validation of hardening and softening resonances in a clamped-clamped beam MEMS resonator (2009)

By means of a combined analytical-numerical and experimental approach, the nonlinear dynamic behavior of a clamped-clamped beam MEMS resonator has been investigated. A good quantitative correspondence between simulations and experiments has been obtained. First-principles based multiphysics modeling is applied to derive a reduced-order model of the resonator. The model includes nonlinear geometric and electrostatic effects as well as thermoelastic damping and anchor loss. Both simulations and experiments show hardening and softening nonlinear dynamic behavior depending on the excitation parameters. The model captures the observed nonlinear behavior and allows for design optimization with respect to nonlinear effects.
A system-view of Bordetella pertussis booster vaccine responses in adults primed with whole-cell versus acellular vaccine in infancy (2021)

The increased incidence of whooping cough worldwide suggests that current vaccination against Bordetella pertussis infection has limitations in quality and duration of protection. The resurgence of infection has been linked to the introduction of acellular vaccines (aP), which have an improved safety profile compared with the previously used whole-cell (wP) vaccines. To determine immunological differences between aP and wP priming in infancy, we performed a systems approach of the immune response to booster vaccination. Transcriptomic, proteomic, cytometric, and serologic profiling revealed multiple shared immune responses with different kinetics across cohorts, including an increase of blood monocyte frequencies and strong antigen-specific IgG responses. Additionally, we found a prominent subset of aP-primed individuals (30%) with a strong differential signature, including higher levels of expression for CCL3, NFKBIA, and ICAM1. Contrary to the wP individuals, this subset displayed increased PT-specific IgE responses after boost and higher antigen-specific IgG4 and IgG3 antibodies against FHA and FIM2/3 at baseline and after boost. Overall, the results show that, while broad immune response patterns to Tdap boost overlap between aP- and wP-primed individuals, a subset of aP-primed individuals present a divergent response. These findings provide candidate targets to study the causes and correlates of waning immunity after aP vaccination.