gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimating Systolic Blood Pressure Using Convolutional Neural Networks (2019)

Continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring can produce a significant amount of digital data, which increases the chance of early diagnosis and improve the rate of survival for people diagnosed with hypertension and Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, mining and processing this vast amount of data are challenging. This research is aimed to address this challenge by proposing a deep learning technique, convolutional neural network (CNN), to estimate the systolic blood pressure (SBP) using electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) signals. Two different methods are investigated and compared in this research. In the first method, continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and CNN have been employed to estimate the SBP. For the second method, we used random sampling within the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization of CNN and the raw ECG and PPG signals for training the network. The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC III) database is used for both methods, which split to two parts, 70% for training our network and the remaining used for testing the performance of the network. Both methods are capable of learning how to extract relevant features from the signals. Therefore, there is no need for engineered feature extraction compared to previous works. Our experimental results show high accuracy for both CNN-based methods which make them promising and reliable architectures for SBP estimation.
Electrodeposition of Aluminum on Cathodes in Ionic Liquid Based Choline Chloride/Urea/ALCL3 (2014)

Electrodeposition of aluminum on metal at low temperatures, with the participation of the ionic liquid electrolyte will contribute to solving many technical issues in critical industries such as automobiles, aircraft, electronics ... the industry uses aluminum and aluminum coated materials most.Using ionic liquids based on choline chloride and urea to electrodeposition of aluminum is more published in scientific journals in the world. In this article, we present the preliminary results of electrodeposition of aluminum on cathodes as copper, iron and especially glassy carbon. The nature of electrolytes based on choline chloride and urea were analyzed and identified. The solubility of aluminum chloride in this mixture also surveyed. The results showed that only choline chloride mixture / urea with a mole ratio of 1:1 solution is to create transparent and recrystallized at room temperature. The nature of electrolytes based on choline chloride and urea were analyzed and identified. The solubility of aluminum chloride in this mixture also surveyed. The results showed that only choline chloride mixture / urea with a mole ratio of 1:1 solution is to create transparent and recrystallized at room temperature. Solubility of aluminum chloride in this system is 5% by weight. So in the study of aluminum deposited on the cathode, we use only liquid choline chloride / urea / AlCl3 at the rate of 1 mol / 1 mol + 5% by weight of AlCl3. The electroplating are made with temperatures from 90-120 ° C, the time is 2 hours. Distance between two poles is 2 cm, the maximum of surface area 3 cm2 voltage between the two poles from 1-3 V and amperage stable at 100 - 150 mA. Nitrogen environment are set to limit the influence of oxygen and hydrogen. The results of the analysis on the cathode structure of aluminum films by XRD, SEM, XRF, EDS ... showed similarities with the aluminum anode. The purity of the aluminum film obtained depending on the materials used as the cathode. The purity of aluminum on the GC-cathode is 92.42 % atom, on iron is 70.33 % atom and on copper is 82.63 % atom.
The Popes and the Cold War: Examining Encyclical Evidence and the Evolution of their Ostpolitik, 1945–1990 (2010)

This discussion identifies the changing nature of the Vatican’s ostpolitik—its attempt to assuage tension between the Roman Catholic Church and the governments of the USSR and its satellites in Eastern Europe—by sampling how these approaches were articulated within the discourse of particular encyclicals promulgated during pontificates from the onset of the Cold War through to its conclusion. It is divided into four short sections, one allotted to each pope, starting mid-way through the pontificate of Pope Pius XII (1939–1958) in 1945, and ending in the midst of Pope John Paul II’s (1978–2005) in 1990. Encyclical evidence provides an effective and accessible primary-source window into understanding the contemporary Vatican’s intellectual history vis-a-vis its position on the Cold War.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Synthesis of Mesoporphyrinyl‐(2‐pyrryl)‐methanes. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Anisotropy Linebroadening in Polycrystalline V–In Substituted YIG (1969)

Polycrystalline linewidth and magnetization have been measured between 77° and 300°K at 9.2 GHz on V–In substituted YIG in the composition range 0[equal to or less-than]x[equal to or less-than]1.50 and 0[equal to or less-than]y[equal to or less-than]0.50 for Y3−2xCa2xFe5−x−y VxInyO12. The linewidths were compared with theoretical values inferred from measurements of K1 (K2 negligible) and Ms on single crystals for 0[equal to or less-than]x[equal to or less-than]0.90 and 0[equal to or less-than]y[equal to or less-than]0.35 between 4° and 300°K on the basis of a recent theory by Schlömann. Data on dense, single-phase polycrystals are in good quantitative agreement with Schlömann's theory for samples with weak anisotropy (Ha≪4πMs, where Ha = 2 | K1 | / M). For high anisotropy materials (Ha[equal to or greater-than]4πMs), linewidth derived from area fitting of the normalized curves follows ΔH = 0.5Ha. Moderately small (&amp;lt;3%) amounts of porosity yield additive linebroadening effects.
Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy based on conventional optics and fast dual chopper data acquisition (2014)

We report an improved experimental scheme for two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2D-ES) based solely on conventional optical components and fast data acquisition. This is accomplished by working with two choppers synchronized to a 10 kHz repetition rate amplified laser system. We demonstrate how scattering and pump-probe contributions can be removed during 2D measurements and how the pump probe and local oscillator spectra can be generated and saved simultaneously with each population time measurement. As an example the 2D-ES spectra for cresyl violet were obtained. The resulting 2D spectra show a significant oscillating signal during population evolution time which can be assigned to an intramolecular vibrational mode.
Reflections on Total Internal Reflection (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Lorne A. Whitehead and Michele A. Mossman, "Reflections on Total Internal Reflection," Optics & Photonics News 20(2), 28-34 (2009) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The dental curing light: A potential health risk (2016)

Powerful blue-light emitting dental curing lights are used in dental offices to photocure resins in the mouth. In addition, many dental personnel use magnification loupes. This study measured the effect of magnification loupes on the "blue light hazard" when the light from a dental curing light was reflected off a human tooth. Loupes with 3.5x magnification (Design for Vision, Carl Zeiss, and Quality Aspirator) and 2.5x magnification (Design for Vision and Quality Aspirator) were placed at the entrance of an integrating sphere connected to a spectrometer (USB 4000, Ocean Optics). A model with human teeth was placed 40 cm away and in line with this sphere. The light guide tip of a broad-spectrum Sapphire Plus (Den-Mat) curing light was positioned at a 45° angle from the facial surface of the central incisor. The spectral radiant power reflected from the teeth was recorded five times with the loupes over the entrance into the sphere. The maximum permissible cumulative exposure times in an 8-hr day were calculated using guidelines set by the ACGIH. It was concluded that at a 40 cm distance, the maximum permissible cumulative daily exposure time to light reflected from the tooth was approximately 11 min without loupes. The weighted blue irradiance values were significantly different for each brand of loupe (Fisher's PLSD p < 0.05) and were up to eight times greater at the pupil than when loupes were not used. However, since the linear dimensions of the resulting images would be 2.5 to 3.5x larger on the retina, the image area was increased by the square of the magnification and the effective blue light hazard was reduced compared to without the loupes. Thus, although using magnification loupes increased the irradiance received at the pupil, the maximum cumulative daily exposure time to reflected light was increased up to 28 min. Further studies are required to determine the ocular hazards of a focused stare when using magnification loupes and the effects of other curing lights used in the dental office.
Interleukin‐33 and alveolar macrophages contribute to the mechanisms underlying the exacerbation of IgE‐mediated airway inflammation and remodelling in mice (2013)

Allergen-specific IgE has long been regarded as a major molecular component of allergic asthma. Additionally, there is increasing evidence of the important roles of interleukin-33 (IL-33) in the disease. Here, we show that IL-33 and alveolar macrophages play essential roles in the exacerbation of IgE-mediated airway inflammation and remodelling. BALB/c mice passively sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE monoclonal antibody (mAb) were challenged with OVA seven times intratracheally. The seventh challenge exacerbated airway inflammation and remodelling compared with the fourth challenge; furthermore, markedly increased expression of IL-33 in the lungs was observed at the fourth and seventh challenges. When anti-IL-33 or anti-ST2 antibody was administered during the fourth to seventh challenge, airway inflammation and remodelling were significantly inhibited at the seventh challenge. Because increases of IL-33(+) and ST2(+) alveolar macrophages and ST2(+) CD4(+) T cells in the lungs were observed at the fourth challenge, the roles of macrophages and CD4(+) cells were investigated. Depletion of macrophages by 2-chloroadenosine during the fourth to seventh challenge suppressed airway inflammation and remodelling, and IL-33 production in the lung at the seventh challenge; additionally, anti-CD4 mAb inhibited airway inflammation, but not airway remodelling and IL-33 production. Meanwhile, treatment with 2-chloroadenosine or anti-CD4 mAb decreased IL-33-induced airway inflammation in normal mice; airway remodelling was repressed only by 2-chloroadenosine. These results illustrate that macrophage-derived IL-33 contributes to the exacerbation of IgE-mediated airway inflammation by mechanisms associated with macrophages and CD4(+) cells, and airway remodelling through the activation of macrophages.
Transmission line approach to quantifying the resonance and transparency properties of electrically small layered plasmonic nanoparticles (2014)

The scattering and transparency properties of layered plasmonic nanoparticles are studied from the perspective of spherical transmission line theory. The advantage of this approach is that the interaction of the nanoparticle with its surroundings can be very conveniently represented as a combination of admittances. In this framework we reformulate the total impedance expression of a spherical nanoparticle, and from this we derive through a compact and intuitive methodology the two conditions that govern the resonance and transparency states of a nanoparticle. These conditions are satisfied when the particle&#x2019;s input admittance becomes inductive and capacitive, respectively. The recursive relations that determine the TM admittance of an electrically small, radially inhomogeneous dielectric sphere are analyzed, and it is demonstrated that any degree of layering can be homogenized by a decomposition into successive binary mixtures. The appropriate material choice results in mixtures that exhibit multiple Lorentzian resonances that are directly mapped to the particle&#x2019;s admittance, due to its small electrical size. Consequently, the particle&#x2019;s admittance exhibits multiple inductive-to-capacitive switchings, and thus the resonance and transparency conditions are satisfied at multiple frequencies. This explains the well-known feature of multiple resonance&#x2013;transparency pairs observed in the scattering signature of layered plasmonic nanoparticles.
Design of truthful double auction for dynamic spectrum sharing (2014)

To cope with the shortage of spectrum for wireless communications, dynamic spectrum sharing through auction mechanism is one potential approach for raising spectrum efficiency and wireless access capacity. This paper presents a design of truthful double auction for multiple heterogeneous spectrum units (TDAMH). Unlike existing double auctions for spectrum sharing, TDAMH not only supports sellers' and buyers' diverse demands in quantity but also considers the spectrum heterogeneity among sellers, which are significant trends in next generation wireless communication markets. Furthermore, TDAMH exploits the spatial reusability of spectrum by grouping conflict-free buyers and allowing buyers in one group to share same spectrum units. TDAMH has two innovations. The first is the division of buyers in one group with diverse demands into multiple virtual bidding groups (VBGs) with single unit demand, which allows each buyer to bid on multiple heterogeneous spectrum units and enables spectrum reusability. In a VBG bidding for one specific resource unit, the buyer who bids the lowest will be eliminated but the buyer's bid is selected for the determination of the VBG bid. The second is a discriminatory settlement mechanism between sellers and buyers that charges winning buyers in one VBG the bid of the VBG and pays winning sellers in one clearing price, which guarantees the properties of individual rationality and budget balance. Integration of the two innovations also incentivizes sellers and buyers to bid truthfully based on supply and demand information. Besides proofs of the three economic properties, this paper provides extensive numerical experimentation to evaluate performance of TDAMH in spectrum rent-out ratio (ROR), reusability and revenue. Results show that, by enabling spectrum reusability, although ROR is below 0.6 in all test instances, the generated spectrum revenue is higher than the expected revenue by sellers in about 40% of the total test instances.
The Total Scaphoid Titanium Arthroplasty: A 15-Year Experience (2011)

Scaphoid nonunion followed by necrosis of bone segments is a common pathologic condition for the hand surgeon, and the difficulty of its management is well known. The total titanium scaphoid replacement, although not well-described in the literature, in our experience represents a reasonable choice in the treatment of this condition. Strict patient selection is necessary to achieve good clinical results. The titanium avoids the silicone synovitis, a well-described complication of silastic implants. Furthermore, this technique permits other surgical steps in case of failure.
Load-Dependent Emission Factors and Chemical Characteristics of IVOCs from a Medium-Duty Diesel Engine (2015)

A detailed understanding of the climate and air quality impacts of mobile-source emissions requires the characterization of intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs), relatively-low-vapor-pressure gas-phase species that may generate secondary organic aerosol with high yields. Due to challenges associated with IVOC detection and quantification, IVOC emissions remain poorly understood at present. Here, we describe measurements of the magnitude and composition of IVOC emissions from a medium-duty diesel engine. Measurements are made on an engine dynamometer and utilize a new mass-spectrometric instrument to characterize the load dependence of the emissions in near-real-time. Results from steady-state engine operation indicate that IVOC emissions are highly dependent on engine power, with highest emissions at engine idle and low-load operation (≤25% maximum rated power) with a chemical composition dominated by saturated hydrocarbon species. Results suggest that unburned fuel components are the dominant IVOCs emitted at low loads. As engine load increases, IVOC emissions decline rapidly and become increasingly characterized by unsaturated hydrocarbons and oxygenated organics, newly formed from incomplete combustion processes at elevated engine temperatures and pressures. Engine transients, including a cold-start ignition and engine acceleration, show IVOC emission profiles that are different in amount or composition compared to steady-state combustion, underscoring the utility of characterizing IVOC emissions with high time resolution across realistic engine operating conditions. We find possible evidence for IVOC losses on unheated dilution and sampling surfaces, which need to be carefully accounted for in IVOC emission studies.
Struktur‐Wirkungs‐Beziehungen bei Histaminanaloga, 22. Mitt. Absolute Konfiguration und histaminartige Wirkung der enantiomeren α, Nα‐Dimethylhistamine (1980)

Abstract Es werden die Synthesen der enantiomeren α, N α ‐Dimethylhistamine (+)— 3 und (−)— 3 , die Ableitung der absoluten Konfiguration sowie die histaminartige Wirksamkeit der Enantiomere am Ileum (H 1 ) und Atrium (H 2 ) des Meerschweinchens beschrieben.
Binding of antibodies in liposomes to extracellular matrix antigens (1985)

We have incorporated antibodies against fibronectin or laminin into liposomes and studied their interaction with insoluble forms of these antigens. The antibodies, after modification by palmitoylchloride, were incorporated into the lipid bilayer by the cholate dialysis method. The antibodies in the liposomes recognized their specific antigen with little reaction to the alternative attachment protein or to albumin (less than 2%). The binding of antibody-containing liposomes to insoluble antigen was inhibited by soluble antibodies to the respective antigens but not by antibodies to other antigens. The affinity constant of the liposome-antibody complex with the antigen was estimated at 1-10 X 10(-9) M liposomes. Thus, antibodies in liposomes retain their reactivity and specificity, and the reaction constant is comparable to that observed for immune complexes.
Editorial: Hypocretins/Orexins (2020)

EDITORIAL article Front. Endocrinol., 02 June 2020Sec. Neuroendocrine Science https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00357
An Orally Bioavailable c-Met Kinase Inhibitor Potently Inhibits Brain Tumor Malignancy and Growth (2010)

The receptor tyrosine kinase, c-Met and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are important regulators of malignancy in human cancer including brain tumors. c-Met is frequently activated in brain tumors and has emerged as a promising target for molecular therapies. Recently, an orally bioavailable small molecule kinase inhibitor of c-Met (SGX523) was developed by SGX Pharmaceuticals. We tested the effects of this inhibitor on c-Met brain tumor cell activation, c-Met-dependent malignancy, and in vivo glioma xenograft growth. SGX523 potently inhibited c-Met activation and c-Met-dependent signaling at nanomolar concentrations in glioma cells, primary gliomas, glioma stem cells and medulloblastoma cells. SGX523 treatment inhibited c-Met-dependent brain tumor cell proliferation and G1/S cell cycle progression. SGX523 also inhibited brain tumor cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, systemic delivery of SGX523 via oral gavage to mice bearing orthotopic human glioblastoma xenografts led to a significant decrease of in vivo tumor growth. These studies show that c-Met activation and c-Met-dependent brain tumor cell and stem cell malignancy can be inhibited by small molecules. The study also shows for the first time that oral delivery of a small molecule kinase inhibitor of c-Met inhibits intracranial tumor growth. These findings suggest that targeting c-Met with small molecule kinase inhibitors is a promising approach for brain tumor therapy.
Realization and Optimization of a New Inclined Plane Electro-Separator (2019)

Electrostatic separation of granular materials is a good and innovative solution for the recycling of plastic materials from waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). These WEEEs, which contain a wide variety of materials whose treatment and recycling require the development of new electrostatic separation technologies. This installation has allowed the separation of several plastic granular mixtures. The preliminary experiments were carried out to determine the influence of some parameters on the installation. With the help of these results, it was possible to model the separator produced by the design of experiments methodology, using MODDE 5.0 software, which allowed us to separate granular mixtures with maximum recoveries and high purity greater than 90%.
Biased clustering method for partially supervised classification (1998)

Clustering algorithms are often used as unsupervised classifiers when minimal information about the classification problem is available. Clustering will usually assign an unique label, corresponding to a class, to each of the data points. For most implementations of clustering algorithms, those labels just correspond to a class index, but don't convey information about which class is that. Identification of the classes corresponding to the formed clusters can be done with heuristics or using information from points in the clusters with known classes. This paper describe a hybrid clustering approach based on a biased fuzzy C-means algorithm. Biases values corresponding to the expectancy of a data point be assigned to a class will be derived from simple image processing operations and included as weighting factors in the clustering algorithm. The final labels for the data will retain the order imposed by the biases, therefore can be used to identify the classes for the clusters. The basic fuzzy C- means algorithm and the modifications for use of biases will be presented. Results for both synthetic and imagery data classification with the method will be presented and compared with the non-biased clustering results. The results obtained with the biased method are qualitatively superior to the non- biased method when conservative biases are used for the classes, and the method can be applied when it is difficult or impractical to use a completely supervised method.
Fabric defect detection based on the saliency map construction of target-driven feature (2017)

In inspection of fabric surface quality in production line, small defects have to be detected in a large background. In this paper, a new method is put forward to detect fabric surface defect by target-driven features. First of all, surface defect feature of fabric is analyzed; and then, area feature of and number feature of defects are used as tasks, which drive to enhance saliency of defective regions and to form feature saliency maps; finally, by using threshold segmentation, fusion, and filtering, fabric defect is gained from the feature saliency maps. Experiments show that the detection algorithm, compared with classic defect algorithm, can achieve accurate segmentation of the surface defects, better anti-noise ability, higher detection accuracy, which has a strong applicability on the fabric defect detection, and provides the possibility for realizing automatic detection of textile industrial product surface defect.