gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oncologists’ use of tumor sequencing findings and patient derived benefit. (2017)

e13016 Background: Despite increasing use of tumor genomic sequencing in clinical oncology, there is currently limited understanding of how oncologists interpret and apply this information to a patient’s clinical management. Methods: We surveyed oncologists who referred patients with refractory cancers to the Michigan Oncology Sequencing (MI-ONCOSEQ) program which uses integrative clinical sequencing to detect multiple classes of somatic and germline molecular aberrations including point mutations, amplifications, insertions/deletions, gene fusions, and outlier gene expression from June 2014-February 2015. Patients were also surveyed approximately 2 weeks after notification of completion of sequencing. In addition, we conducted chart reviews to ascertain how many patients’ clinical management was changed or derived clinical benefit as a result of sequencing. Results: Forty-three oncologists (37% female, 98% academic medical center practice), referring 112 patients ( M = 2, range: 1-9) completed the survey (response rate = 93%). Oncologists reported an intention to change 22% of patients’ treatment plans on the basis of sequencing results, with referral to a clinical trial (N = 12; 50%) as the most frequently endorsed intended change. However, few patients (N = 9, 38%) had an actual change in clinical management. Barriers identified included patient factors, ineligibility for identified treatment, and loss to follow-up/deceased. Of the 57 patients who completed post-sequencing surveys, 34 (60%) reported that results of sequencing had not been disclosed. However, patient records had documentation that results disclosure had indeed taken place in 41% of cases. Conclusions: Although expectation of enrollment in clinical trials is frequently proposed as the indication for genomic sequencing, practice barriers remain. These include lack of access to studies, severity of patient illness and challenges to effective communication of results.
Using Simulcast in RTP Sessions (2014)

In some application scenarios it may be desirable to send multiple
differently encoded versions of the same media source in independent
RTP streams. This is called simulcast. This document discusses the
best way of accomplishing simulcast in RTP and how to signal it in
SDP. A solution is defined by making an extension to SDP, and using
RTP/RTCP identification methods to relate RTP streams belonging to the
same media source. The SDP extension consists a new media level SDP
attribute that express capability to send and/or receive simulcast RTP
streams. One part of the RTP/RTCP identification method is included as
a reference to a separate document, since it is useful also for other
purposes.
Large Area Fabrication of Leaning Silicon Nanopillars for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2011)

Using a simple two step fabrication process substrates with a large and uniform Raman enhancement, based on flexible free standing nanopillars can be manufactured over large areas using readily available silicon processing equipment.
Tertiary amine‐functionalized polymers by atom transfer radical polymerization (2001)

Abstract The quantitative synthesis of tertiary amine‐functionalized polymers by atom transfer radical polymerization is reported. Tertiary amine‐functionalized polystyrene was prepared with the adduct of 1‐(bromoethyl)benzene with 1‐(4‐dimethyl‐aminophenyl)‐1‐phenylethylene as an initiator in the atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene in the presence of a copper (I) bromide/2,2′‐bipyridyl catalyst system. The polymerization proceeded via a controlled free‐radical polymerization process to afford quantitative yields of the corresponding tertiary amine‐functionalized polystyrene with predictable number‐average molecular weights (1600–4400), narrow molecular weight distributions (1.09–1.31), and an initiator efficiency of 0.95. The polymerization process was monitored by gas chromatographic analysis. The tertiary amine‐functionalized polymers were characterized by thin‐layer chromatography, size exclusion chromatography, potentiometry, and spectroscopy. All experimental evidence was consistent with quantitative functionalization via the 1,1‐diphenylethylene derivative. Polymerization kinetic measurements showed that the polymerization reaction followed first‐order‐rate kinetics with respect to monomer consumption and that the number‐average molecular weight increased linearly with monomer conversion. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A Part A: Polym Chem 39: 2058–2067, 2001
Cyclic Codes, Rings, and Polynomials (2005)

The prelims comprise: Introduction Basic Definitions Rings Quotient Rings Ideals in Rings Algebraic Description of Cyclic Codes Nonsystematic Encoding and Parity Check Systematic Encoding Some Hardware Background Cyclic Encoding Syndrome Decoding Shortened Cyclic Codes Binary CRC Codes Appendix 4.A Linear Feedback Shift Registers Exercises References
SCANMail (2002)

Increasing amounts of public, corporate, and private speech data are now available on-line. These are limited in their usefulness, however, by the lack of tools to permit their browsing and search. The goal of our research is to provide tools to overcome the inherent difficulties of speech access, by supporting visual scanning, search, and information extraction. We describe a novel principle for the design of UIs to speech data: What You See Is Almost What You Hear (WYSIAWYH). In WYSIAWYH, automatic speech recognition (ASR) generates a transcript of the speech data. The transcript is then used as a visual analogue to that underlying data. A graphical user interface allows users to visually scan, read, annotate and search these transcripts. Users can also use the transcript to access and play specific regions of the underlying message. We first summarize previous studies of voicemail usage that motivated the WYSIAWYH principle, and describe a voicemail UI, SCANMail, that embodies WYSIAWYH. We report on a laboratory experiment and a two-month field trial evaluation. SCANMail outperformed a state of the art voicemail system on core voicemail tasks. This was attributable to SCANMail's support for visual scanning, search and information extraction. While the ASR transcripts contain errors, they nevertheless improve the efficiency of voicemail processing. Transcripts either provide enough information for users to extract key points or to navigate to important regions of the underlying speech, which they can then play directly
A DSP breath sound analyser (2003)

The growing availability of powerful digital signal processors (DSPs) makes possible the real-time analysis of almost all common biological signals. The authors consider the spectral analysis of breath sounds, which may provide an objective and quantitative assessment of the respiratory pathology in patients with pulmonary disorders. The authors propose a breath-sound analyzer consisting of a pick-up accelerometer, a real-time FFT (fast Fourier transform) analyzer, and an interface with a general-purpose personal computer. The spectra of normal and pathological breath sounds were analyzed for validation of the apparatus.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Rapid, large-volume, thermally controlled 3D printing using a mobile liquid interface (2019)

Large-scale, continuous 3D printing Many three-dimensional (3D) printing methods build up structures layer by layer, which causes a lamination layer between each discrete step. Continuous printing can be done from a fluid bed if a so-called dead layer is used to buffer between the solidified structure and pool of resin. However, printing speeds are limited by the heat buildup from the exothermic polymerization process, thus limiting the ultimate size of the printed object. Walker et al. use a pumped, nonreactive fluorinated oil to act as the dead layer that removes heat during polymerization. This approach allows for both speedup and scale-up of the printing process. Science , this issue p. 360
Investigations of the surface activation of thermoplastic polymers by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment with a stationary plasma jet (2016)

The production of high-quality thermoplastic parts often requires an additional process step after the injection molding stage. This may be a coating, bonding process or a 2K-injection moulding process. A commonly used process to improve the bond strength is atmospheric pressure plasma treatment. A variety of applications are realized with the aid of CNC systems. Although they ensure excellent reproducibility, they make it difficult to implement inline applications.This paper therefore examines the possibility of surface treatment using a stationary plasma jet. However, before it is possible to integrate this technology into a production process, preliminary trials need to be carried out to establish which factors influence the process. Experimental tests were performed using a special test set-up, enabling geometric, plasma-specific parameters to be identified. These results can help with the practical integration of this technology into existing production processes.
Behavior of the fission products released into chemical reactants from U-- Pd alloy foil. (1972)

Oxidative stress (OS) has been linked to cell damage and chronic disease development; however, the study of psychological factors related with OS has been limited, as has its relationship with biochemical and personal variables. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between a wide variety of personal, psychological, and biochemical factors with OS in a sample of healthy Mexican people. A total of 134 participants, from which 70 (52%) were women, without known chronic conditions were included in the study, and the molecule 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was also measured as a marker of OS. We observed in the multivariate analysis of the whole sample that depressive symptoms (measured with CES-D scale) were the only psychological variable significantly associated (positively) with 8-OHdG. In addition, the following sociodemographic variables were associated with 8-OHdG: age, schooling (positively correlated), and the frequency of vitamins/antioxidant consumption (negatively correlated). The biochemical variables of erythrocytes in urine and amylase were positively correlated with 8-OHdG, while glucose was negatively correlated with it. Additional biochemical variables were associated in the multivariate analysis of each sex, including the positive correlation of LDL-cholesterol, LDH enzyme, lymphocytes, and the negative correlation of phosphorus and eosinophils in women's samples, as well as the positive correlation of potassium, uric acid, and leucocytes in urine and the negative correlation of erythrocytes and lipase in the men's samples. In conclusion, depression was the only psychological variable positively correlated with 8-OHdG after adjusting for confounders, and new associations with biochemical variables were found with some differences between sexes.
Extended Range of a Gun Launched Smart Projectile Using Controllable Canards (2001)

This effort investigates the extent to which moveable canards can extend the range of indirect fire munitions using both projectile body and canard lift. Implications on terminal velocity and time of flight using this mechanism to extend range are examined for various canard configurations. Performance predictions are conducted using a six‐degree‐of‐freedom simulation model that has previously been validated against range data. The projectile dynamic equations are formed in the body frame and aerodynamic loads from the body and canards are Mach number and angle of attack dependent. The projectile body aerodynamic moments include unsteady aerodynamic damping. The focus of the study is directed toward low cost competent munitions that extend range and as such a simple flight control system is considered which utilizes only timer, roll rate, and roll attitude inputs.
Factors Related to Long-Term Survival in Patients Affected by Well-Differentiated Endocrine Tumors of the Pancreas (2012)

Aim. To identify factors related to survival in patients affected by well-differentiated PETs (benign, uncertain behavior, and carcinoma) who underwent R0 pancreatic resection. Methods. Retrospective study of 74 consecutive patients followed up from January 1980 to December 2011. Prognostic factors were sex, age, type of tumor, presence of symptoms, type of surgical procedure, size of tumor, lymph nodes status, WHO classification, and TNM stage. Overall survival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression analyses were used to identify the factors associated with prognosis in univariate and multivariate analysis. Results. The mean follow-up of all the patients was 106 ± 89 months. The 5-10-year long-term survival was 90.9% and 79.1%, respectively. At univariate analysis, patient age <55 years was significantly related to a better long-term survival compared to patients age ≥55 years (307 ± 15 months versus 192 ± 25 months; P = 0.010). Multivariate analysis showed that female gender (P = 0.006), patients without comorbidities (P = 0.033), and patients affected by well-differentiated benign pancreatic endocrine tumors (P = 0.008 and P = 0.002 in relation to tumors with uncertain behavior and carcinomas, resp.) were factors significantly related to a better long-term survival. Conclusions. Patients factors were strongly related to a better long-term survival in patients observed. WHO classification is a very useful prognostic tool for well-differentiated PETs.
Room temperature continuous-wave operation of GaInNAs/GaAs VCSELs grown by chemical beam epitaxy with output power exceeding 1 mW (2002)

We fabricated a 1200 nm range GaInNAs/GaAs quantum wells vertical cavity surface emitting laser grown by chemical beam epitaxy. Room temperature continuous-wave operation has been demonstrated with a record low threshold current density of 2.6 kA/cm/sup 2/.
The liquid phase epitaxy method for the construction of oriented ZIF-8 thin films with controlled growth on functionalized surfaces (2013)

Highly-oriented ZIF-8 thin films with controllable thickness were grown on an -OH-functionalized Au substrate using the liquid phase epitaxy method at room temperature, as evidenced by SEM and PXRD. The adsorption-desorption properties of the resulting ZIF-8 thin film were investigated for various VOCs using the QCM technique.
The premotor role of the prefrontal cortex in response consistency. (2014)

Data are interpreted as an enhanced top-down control in consistent performers, likely characterized by a greater sustained attention on the task.
Molecular structure of human KATP in complex with ATP and ADP (2017)

ABSTRACT In many excitable cells KATP channels respond to intracellular adenosine nucleotides: ATP inhibits while ADP activates. We present two structures of the human pancreatic KATP channel, containing the ABC transporter SUR1 and the inward-rectifier K + channel Kir6.2, in the presence of Mg 2+ and nucleotides. These structures, referred to as quatrefoil and propeller forms, were determined by single-particle cryo-EM at 3.9 Å and 5.6 Å, respectively. In both forms ATP occupies the inhibitory site in Kir6.2. The nucleotide-binding domains of SUR1 are dimerized with Mg 2+ -ATP in the degenerate site and Mg 2+ -ADP in the consensus site. A lasso extension forms an interface between SUR1 and Kir6.2 adjacent to the ATP site in the propeller form, and is disrupted in the quatrefoil form. These structures support the role of SUR1 as an ADP sensor and highlight the lasso extension as a key regulatory element in ADP’s ability to override ATP inhibition.
Detection and Evaluation of Aerodigestive Tract Injuries Caused by Cervical and Transmediastinal Gunshot Wounds (1997)

A high index of suspicion must be maintained for aerodigestive tract involvement with cervicothoracic gunshot wounds. We advocate operative endoscopic inspection during emergent exploration in unstable patients or arteriography with endoscopy in stable patients. Adjunctive contrast pharyngoesophagography is performed to confirm equivocal endoscopic findings, evaluate the extent of leak, or completely exclude injury.
HCl Recovery from Waste Incinerator Gas (2001)

This paper describes a new treatment of HCl in exhaust gas to use wet scrubbers in some municipal solid waste incinerators. We designed a closed system by which HCl in the exhaust gas is first dissolved into water, and the resulting dilute HCl water goes through proton permselective membrane that recovers by-product HCl by electrodialysis. We have studied the HCl Concentration from HCl in exhaust gas to bench-scale test Equipment. As a results, we have obtained 13.3 wt% HCl Concentration. In this case, Current Density is 10A/dm^2, Current Efficiency is 57%.
Clinical Potential of Beat‐to‐Beat Diastolic Interval Control in Preventing Cardiac Arrhythmias (2021)

Life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death are often preceded by cardiac alternans, a beat-to-beat oscillation in the T-wave morphology or duration. However, given the spatiotemporal and structural complexity of the human heart, designing algorithms to effectively suppress alternans and prevent fatal rhythms is challenging. Recently, an antiarrhythmic constant diastolic interval pacing protocol was proposed and shown to be effective in suppressing alternans in 0-, 1-, and 2-dimensional in silico studies as well as in ex vivo whole heart experiments. Herein, we provide a systematic review of the electrophysiological conditions and mechanisms that enable constant diastolic interval pacing to be an effective antiarrhythmic pacing strategy. We also demonstrate a successful translation of the constant diastolic interval pacing protocol into an ECG-based real-time control system capable of modulating beat-to-beat cardiac electrical activity and preventing alternans. Furthermore, we present evidence of the clinical utility of real-time alternans suppression in reducing arrhythmia susceptibility in vivo. We provide a comprehensive overview of this promising pacing technique, which can potentially be translated into a clinically viable device that could radically improve the quality of life of patients experiencing abnormal cardiac rhythms.
Reductions in JAK2V617F allele burden with ruxolitinib treatment in COMFORT-II, a phase III study comparing the safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib to best available therapy (BAT). (2012)

6514^ Background: Ruxolitinib is a potent and selective JAK1/2 inhibitor approved for the treatment of myelofibrosis (MF) based on results of the phase 3 COMFORT studies. Ruxolitinib demonstrated rapid and durable reductions in splenomegaly and improved MF-related symptoms and quality of life of patients (pts) with MF. Since one measure of efficacy is molecular response, this analysis correlates changes in mutant allele burden (%V617F) with spleen size reduction in COMFORT-II. Methods: COMFORT-II is a randomized, open-label, phase 3 study comparing ruxolitinib 15 or 20 mg twice daily (BID) with BAT. The primary endpoint was a ≥ 35% reduction in spleen volume from baseline (BL) at week 48. Change in %V617F was measured by allele specific qPCR. Pts were stratified by reduction in %V617F (&lt; 10%, 10-20%, &gt; 20%) and results were correlated with achievement of the primary endpoint. Results: More pts in the ruxolitinib arm had ≥ 10% V617F reductions compared with BAT (41% vs 5%; P = .01; Table). The majority of reductions &gt; 20% were gradual and progressive over the course of the study; 2 pts had rapid reductions from 48% to 1% and 45% to 9% over 48 weeks. In the ruxolitinib arm, significantly more pts with a &gt; 20% V617F reduction achieved the primary endpoint compared with pts with a &lt; 10% reduction (79% vs 30%; P = .004); in each group, gender did not affect spleen response. For pts with &lt; 10% reductions (15 mg BID, n = 16; 20 mg BID, n = 24), the average total daily dose (TDD) was ruxolitinib 29.6 mg; pts with &gt; 20% reductions (15 mg BID, n = 3; 20 mg BID, n = 11) had a TDD of 35.3 mg. Conclusions: Pts who received ruxolitinib had larger reductions in JAK2V617F allele burden compared with BAT. %V617F reductions were gradual over the course of the 48-week study; longer follow-up is needed to determine the extent of allele burden reduction. [Table: see text]
Novel autogenic feeders derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) support an undifferentiated status of hESCs in xeno-free culture conditions (2009)

Novel autogenic feeders can be derived from hESCs under xeno-free conditions and they can robustly maintain the pluripotent identity of hESCs in xeno-free media containing a low concentration of HS.
A CMOS RF-Powered Tag with Sensing and Localization Capabilities (2018)

This paper presents a battery-less CMOS integrated RF tag with sensing and localization capabilities. In order to allow tag addressing, communication, and localization by external readers, the IC performs a back-scattering modulation of a sequence of received UWB pulses according to specific spreading codes. For this purpose a UWB RF switch is designed and connected to the UWB antenna. The adoption of backscattering is integral to achieve ultra-low power wireless communication. The use of quasi-orthogonal spreading codes allows communication and localization with multiple tags at the same time. The IC includes a low-power sensing interface suitable for internal temperature sensing or external capacitive sensors. The power required for operation is scavenged from an UHF signal and converted by means of an internal RF rectifier and of a dynamically reconfigurable charge pump circuit. An on-chip micropower oscillator clocks a digital control circuit. The circuit is implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS process. The architecture of the IC and preliminary test results are disclosed.
DNA duplexes with reactive dialdehyde groups as novel reagents for cross-linking to restriction- modification enzymes (1997)

To create new, effective reagents for affinity modification of restriction-modification (R-M) enzymes, a regioselective method for reactive dialdehyde group incorporation into oligonucleotides, based on insertion of a 1-beta-D-galactopyranosylthymine residue, has been developed. We synthesized DNA duplex analogs of the substrates of the Eco RII and Mva I R-M enzymes that contained a galactose or periodate-oxidized galactose residue as single substituents either in the center of the Eco RII (Mva I) recognition site or in the flanking nucleotide sequence. The dependence of binding, cleavage and methylation of these substrate analogs on the modified sugar location in the duplex was determined. Cross-linking of the reagents to the enzymes under different conditions was examined. M. Eco RII covalent attachment to periodate-oxidized substrate analogs proceeded in a specific way and to a large extent depended on the location of the reactive dialdehyde group in the substrate. The yield of covalent attachment to a DNA duplex with a dialdehyde group in the flanking sequence with Eco RII or Mva I methylases was 9-20% and did not exceed 4% for R. Eco RII.
Operation of a fault tolerant PM drivefor an aerospace fuel pump application (1998)

The paper discusses the design of a fault tolerant permanent magnet drive based on a 16 kW, 13000 rev/min aircraft fuel pump specification. A ‘proof of concept’ demonstrator has been built to this design and key parameters measured on the demonstrator drive are given. A novel current controller with near optimal transient performance is developed to enable precise shaping of the phase currents at high shaft speeds. A list of the most likely electrical faults is considered. Fault detection and identification schemes are developed for rapid detection of turn to turn faults and power device short circuit faults. Post fault control strategies are described which enable the drive to continue to operate indefinitely in the presence of each fault. Finally, results show the initially healthy drive operating up to, through and beyond the introduction of two of the more serious faults.