gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pyrolysis of n-Butane-Explicit Effects of Primary and Secondary Butyl Radicals and of Secondary Reactions (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrolysis of n-Butane-Explicit Effects of Primary and Secondary Butyl Radicals and of Secondary ReactionsDale R. Powers and William H. CorcoranCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1974, 13, 4, 351–355Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160052a010https://doi.org/10.1021/i160052a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Quinine sulfate and HSV replication: Implications in malaria-endemic areas (2003)

Author(s): Wolf, Ronni; Baroni, Adone; Greco, Rita; Corrado, Federica; Ruocco, Eleonora; Tufano, Maria Antonietta; Ruocco, Vincenzo
Novel Molecular Insights into Leukemic Evolution of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Single Cell Perspective (2022)

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal disorders originated by the serial acquisition of somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. The major clinical entities are represented by polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF), that are caused by driver mutations affecting <i>JAK2</i>, <i>MPL</i> or <i>CALR</i>. Disease progression is related to molecular and clonal evolution. PV and ET can progress to secondary myelofibrosis (sMF) but can also evolve to secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). PMF is associated with the highest frequency of leukemic transformation, which represents the main cause of death. sAML is associated with a dismal prognosis and clinical features that differ from those of de novo AML. The molecular landscape distinguishes sAML from de novo AML, since the most frequent hits involve <i>TP53</i>, epigenetic regulators, spliceosome modulators or signal transduction genes. Single cell genomic studies provide novel and accurate information about clonal architecture and mutation acquisition order, allowing the reconstruction of clonal dynamics and molecular events that accompany leukemic transformation. In this review, we examine our current understanding of the genomic heterogeneity in MPNs and how it affects disease progression and leukemic transformation. We focus on molecular events elicited by somatic mutations acquisition and discuss the emerging findings coming from single cell studies.
Surveillance, insecticide resistance and control of an invasive Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) population in California (2016)

The invasion and subsequent establishment in California of Aedes aegypti in 2013 has created new challenges for local mosquito abatement and vector control districts. Studies were undertaken to identify effective and economical strategies to monitor the abundance and spread of this mosquito species as well as for its control. Overall, BG Sentinel (BGS) traps were found to be the most sensitive trap type to measure abundance and spread into new locations. Autocidal-Gravid-Ovitraps (AGO-B), when placed at a site for a week, performed equally to BGS in detecting the presence of female Ae. aegypti. Considering operational cost and our findings, we recommend use of BGS traps for surveillance in response to service requests especially in locations outside the known infestation area. We recommend AGO-Bs be placed at fixed sites, cleared and processed once a week to monitor mosquito abundance within a known infestation area. Long-term high density placements of AGO-Bs were found to show promise as an environmentally friendly trap-kill control strategy. California Ae. aegypti were found to be homozygous for the V1016I mutation in the voltage gated sodium channel gene, which is implicated to be involved in insecticide resistance. This strain originating from Clovis, California was resistant to some pyrethroids but not to deltamethrin in bottle bio-assays. Sentinel cage ultra-low-volume (ULV) trials using a new formulation of deltamethrin (DeltaGard®) demonstrated that it provided some control (average of 56% death in sentinel cages in a 91.4 m spray swath) after a single truck mounted aerial ULV application in residential areas.
Rabbit Endothelial Response to Ophthalmic Preservatives (1977)

The endothelial surface of isolated rabbit corneas were perfused for three hours with varying concentrations of benzalkonium chloride and cetylpyridinium chloride. The threshold for physiological and ultrastructural alteration of corneal endothelium is approximately 0.0001% for benzalkonium chloride and 0.01 mM for cetylpyridinium chloride. The effects of the surfactants can be induced with as little as a 15-minute exposure without subsequent recovery. Use of ophthalmic medications or irrigating solutions containing these agents inside the eye is potentially hazardous to the corneal endothelium. Topical administration of 0.133% benzalkonium chloride to the anterior surface of deepithelialized in vivo corneas (five doses, seven minutes apart) caused no alterations of corneal endothelial cell function or ultrastructure.
Peripheral Blood Mitochondrial DNA Content Is Related to Insulin Sensitivity in Offspring of Type 2 Diabetic Patients (2001)

Quantitative mtDNA status might be a hereditary factor associated with type 2 diabetes and could serve as an indicator for insulin sensitivity.
Recherche d'une acquisition par des Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae génétiquement modifiés introduits dans un champ d'éléments génétiques en provenance de la population indigène (1996)

163 ref. *INRA, centre de recherches de Dijon (FRA) Diffusion du document : INRA, centre de recherches de Dijon (FRA) Diplôme : Dr. d'Université
Looking for important change/differences in studies of responsiveness. OMERACT MCID Working Group. Outcome Measures in Rheumatology. Minimal Clinically Important Difference. (2001)

The purpose of this paper is to describe a classification system for studies of responsiveness that was designed to help organize these studies, and identify those with the potential to provide information on minimal clinically important difference (MCID). We developed a 3 dimensional cube into which studies of responsiveness can be categorized based on their evaluation of 3 attributes: 1. individual or group setting; 2. which scores are contrasted; and 3. the type of change or difference being assessed. We present and discuss examples of studies that fit into categories in the classification cube. This classification system helps to focus attention on whether the literature is able to provide information on the specific type of change a person is interested in. It reinforces that the ability of an instrument to detect a certain category of discrimination within the cube does not mean it will necessarily be responsive to another category. The cube has been shown here as a means to separate out studies that address important change. These studies can then be examined as the source of information on MCID.
[Effects of oxygenated fuels on emissions and carbon composition of fine particles from diesel engine]. (2009)

Acetal (1,1-diethoxyethane) is considered as an alternative to ethanol as bio-derived additive for diesel fuel, which is miscible in diesel fuel. Biodiesel can improve the oxygen content and flash point of the fuel blend of acetal and diesel fuel. Two oxygenated fuels were prepared: a blend of 10% acetal + 90% diesel fuel and 10% acetal + 10% biodiesel + 80% diesel fuel. The emissions of NO(x), HC and PM2.5 from oxygenated fuels were investigated on a diesel engine bench at five modes according to various loads at two steady speeds and compared with base diesel fuel. Additionally, the carbon compositions of PM2.5 were analyzed by DRI thermal/optical carbon analyzer. Oxygenated fuels have unconspicuous effect on NO(x) emission rate but HC emission rate is observed significantly increased at some modes. The emission rate of PM2.5 is decreased by using oxygenated fuels and it decreases with the increase of fuel oxygen content. The emission rates of TC (total carbon) and EC (elemental carbon) in PM2.5 are also decreased by oxygenated fuels. The emission rate of organic carbon (OC) is greatly decreased at modes of higher engine speed. The OC/EC ratios of PM2.5 from oxygenated fuels are higher than that from base diesel fuel at most modes. The carbon compositions fractions of PM2.5 from the three test fuels are similar, and OC1 and EC1 are contributed to the most fractions of OC and EC, respectively. Compared with base diesel fuel, oxygenated fuels decrease emission rate of PM2.5, and have more OC contribution to PM2.5 but have little effect on carbon composition fractions.
Holdase activity of secreted Hsp70 masks amyloid-β42 neurotoxicity in Drosophila (2016)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent of a large group of related proteinopathies for which there is currently no cure. Here, we used Drosophila to explore a strategy to block Aβ42 neurotoxicity through engineering of the Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), a chaperone that has demonstrated neuroprotective activity against several intracellular amyloids. To target its protective activity against extracellular Aβ42, we added a signal peptide to Hsp70. This secreted form of Hsp70 (secHsp70) suppresses Aβ42 neurotoxicity in adult eyes, reduces cell death, protects the structural integrity of adult neurons, alleviates locomotor dysfunction, and extends lifespan. SecHsp70 binding to Aβ42 through its holdase domain is neuroprotective, but its ATPase activity is not required in the extracellular space. Thus, the holdase activity of secHsp70 masks Aβ42 neurotoxicity by promoting the accumulation of nontoxic aggregates. Combined with other approaches, this strategy may contribute to reduce the burden of AD and other extracellular proteinopathies.
Differential Diagnosis of Complex Renal Cysts Based on Lesion Size along with the Bosniak Renal Cyst Classification (2012)

Many complex cystic renal masses smaller than 2 cm were benign. We suggest that lesion size should be taken into account when formulating treatment plans for complex cystic renal masses.
A Virosomal Immunization Strategy against Cervical Cancer and Pre-Malignant Cervical Disease (2006)

In this study, we demonstrate that fusion-active virosomes, containing recombinant human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E7 protein antigen, are capable of inducing a robust class I MHC-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HPV-transformed tumour cells in a murine model system. Virosomes are reconstituted viral envelopes, which do not contain the genetic material of the native virus. During the reconstitution process, protein antigens can be encapsulated within the virosomes. In the present study, we used virosomes derived from influenza virus. These virosomes retain the cell binding and membrane fusion characteristics of native influenza virus, and have the capacity to deliver encapsulated antigens to the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells through fusion from within acidic endosomes. After immunization of mice with virosomes containing encapsulated HPV16 E7 protein, the animals developed a strong E7-specific CTL response as assessed by 51Cr release measurements and MHC tetramer staining of spleen cells. Immunization with E7-containing virosomes also resulted in E7-specific antibody responses. In tumour challenge experiments, immunization of mice with E7-containing virosomes prevented tumour outgrowth in >70% of the animals. Thus, influenza-derived virosomes with encapsulated HPV E7 protein antigen act as an excellent vaccine delivery system for induction of cellular immunity against HPV-transformed cells and represent a promising immunotherapeutic vaccine for the treatment of (precursor lesions of) cervical cancer.
Diverse Trajectories Drive the Expression of a Giant Virus in the Oomycete Plant Pathogen Phytophthora parasitica (2021)

Giant viruses of amoebas, recently classified in the class Megaviricetes, are a group of viruses that can infect major eukaryotic lineages. We previously identified a set of giant virus sequences in the genome of <i>Phytophthora parasitica</i>, an oomycete and a devastating major plant pathogen. How viral insertions shape the structure and evolution of the invaded genomes is unclear, but it is known that the unprecedented functional potential of giant viruses is the result of an intense genetic interplay with their hosts. We previously identified a set of giant virus sequences in the genome of <i>P. parasitica</i>, an oomycete and a devastating major plant pathogen. Here, we show that viral pieces are found in a 550-kb locus and are organized in three main clusters. Viral sequences, namely RNA polymerases I and II and a major capsid protein, were identified, along with orphan sequences, as a hallmark of giant viruses insertions. Mining of public databases and phylogenetic reconstructions suggest an ancient association of oomycetes and giant viruses of amoeba, including faustoviruses, African swine fever virus (ASFV) and pandoraviruses, and that a single viral insertion occurred early in the evolutionary history of oomycetes prior to the <i>Phytophthora</i>-<i>Pythium</i> radiation, estimated at ∼80 million years ago. Functional annotation reveals that the viral insertions are located in a gene sparse region of the <i>Phytophthora</i> genome, characterized by a plethora of transposable elements (TEs), effectors and other genes potentially involved in virulence. Transcription of viral genes was investigated through analysis of RNA-Seq data and qPCR experiments. We show that most viral genes are not expressed, and that a variety of mechanisms, including deletions, TEs insertions and RNA interference may contribute to transcriptional repression. However, a gene coding a truncated copy of RNA polymerase II along a set of neighboring sequences have been shown to be expressed in a wide range of physiological conditions, including responses to stress. These results, which describe for the first time the endogenization of a giant virus in an oomycete, contribute to challenge our view of <i>Phytophthora</i> evolution.
Byzantine modification detection in multicast networks using randomized network coding (2004)

Distributed randomized network coding, a robust approach to multicasting in distributed network settings, can be extended to provide Byzantine modification detection without the use of cryptographic functions is presented in this paper.
Identification of the polycomb group protein SU(Z)12 as a potential molecular target for human cancer therapy. (2003)

We have previously identified SU(Z)12 as an E2F target gene. Because many E2F target genes encode proteins that are critical for the control of cell proliferation, we have further characterized the regulation and expression of SU(Z)12. To understand the molecular mechanisms responsible for expression of SU(Z)12 mRNA, we have analyzed the promoter region. We found that the SU(Z)12 gene is controlled by dual promoters, one of which functions bidirectionally. In addition to the E2F binding site, we have identified two binding sites for T cell factor (TCF)/beta-catenin complexes. Using gel mobility shift assays, we demonstrated that both TCF sites can be bound by TCF4. TCF/beta-catenin complexes have been shown to be a critical regulator of gene expression in tumors of the colon, breast, and liver. Accordingly, we have used chromatin immunoprecipitation assays to confirm that TCF4/beta-catenin complexes are bound to the SU(Z)12 promoter in colon cancer cells but not in HeLa cells. We next adapted the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay for use with primary colon tumor samples, and, using matched pairs of normal and tumor tissue obtained from several different colon cancer patients, we demonstrate that levels of beta-catenin bound to the SU(Z)12 promoter are increased in colon tumors. Finally, we show that the SU(Z)12 mRNA is up-regulated in a number of different human tumors, including tumors of the colon, breast, and liver. Recent studies have found that SU(Z)12 is a component of the Drosophila ESC-E(Z) and the human EED-EZH2 Polycomb chromatin remodeling complexes. Therefore, we suggest that SU(Z)12, which may modulate the tumor phenotype by changing gene expression profiles, may be a logical target for the design of a new antitumor agent
Oat (2000)

Oat (Avena L.) includes 29 to 31 species (depending on the classification scheme) of wild and domesticated annual grasses in the family Gramineae (Poaceae) that comprise a polyploid series, with diploid, hexaploid, and tetraploid forms (Baum 1977; Leggett 1992). The primary cultivated species are hexaploids, A. sativa L. and A. byzantina C. Koch, although 5 other species have to some extent been cultivated for human consumption. These are the tetraploid A. abyssinica Hochst and the diploids A. strigosa Schreb., A. brevis Roth., A. hispanica Ard., and A. nuda L. Nevertheless, oat consumed in human diets this century has been almost exclusively hexaploids.
Writing Functions (2018)

Functions are the heart of S language and writing or modifying them is the most important part of creating new capabilities based on S. This chapter discusses how to write functions. A function in S can have any number of arguments, and the computation that is done by it can be anything expressible in S. A call to an S function does not need to supply all the formal arguments in the function definition. Any subset of the formal arguments can be supplied, either by position or by name. The function can handle missing arguments two ways; either by providing a default expression in the argument list of the definition, or by testing explicitly for missing arguments. Functions can be defined to take a variable number of arguments. Thinking for a while before implementing a new function can produce a clearer, more easily implemented idea of what the function is intended to do and how the function can be written.
Stochastic p-Bits for Invertible Logic (2017)

Digital electronics are based on deterministic units called bits that can have one of two values, 0 and 1. New theoretical work suggests that circuits built out of probabilistic units that fluctuate randomly in value between 0 and 1 can be used to perform multiple functions: A multiplier, for example, can also function as a factorizer.
Nonlinear multicontrast microscopy of hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained histological sections (2010)

Imaging hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained cancerous histological sections with multicontrast nonlinear excitation fluorescence, second- and third-harmonic generation (THG) microscopy reveals cellular structures with extremely high image contrast. Absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy together with second hyperpolarizability measurements of the dyes shows that strong THG appears due to neutral hemalum aggregation and is subsequently enhanced by interaction with eosin. Additionally, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy reveals eosin fluorescence quenching by hemalums, showing better suitability of only eosin staining for fluorescence microscopy. Multicontrast nonlinear microscopy has the potential to differentiate between cancerous and healthy tissue at a single cell level.
Deterministic jitter in broadband communication (2006)

The past decade has witnessed a drastic change in the design of high-speed serial links. While Silicon fabrication technology has produced smaller, faster transistors, transmission line interconnects between chips and through backplanes have not substantially improved and have a practical bandwidth of around 3GHz. As serial link speeds increase, new techniques must be introduced to overcome the bandwidth limitation and maintain digital signal integrity. This thesis studies timing issues pertaining to bandwidth-limited interconnects. Jitter is defined as the timing uncertainty at a threshold used to detect the digital signal. Reliable digital communication requires minimizing jitter. The analysis and modeling presented here focuses on two types of deterministic jitter. First, dispersion of the digital signal in a bandwidth-limited channel creates data-dependent jitter. Our analysis links data sequences to unique timing deviations through the channel response and is shown for general linear time-invariant systems. A Markov model is constructed to study the impact of jitter on the operation of the serial link and provide insight in circuit performance. Second, an analysis of bounded-uncorrected jitter resulting from crosstalk induced in parallel serial links is presented. Timing equalization is introduced to improve the signal integrity of high-speed links. The analysis of deterministic jitter leads to novel techniques for compensating the timing ambiguity in the received data. Data-dependent jitter equalization is discussed at both the receiver, where it complements the operation of clock and data recovery circuits, and as a phase pre-emphasis technique. Crosstalk-induced, bounded-uncorrected jitter can also be compensated. By detecting electromagnetic modes between neighboring serial links, a transmitter or receiver anticipates the timing deviation that has occurred along the transmission line. Finally, we discuss a new circuit technique for submillimeter integrated circuits. Demands of wireless communication and the high speed of Silicon Germanium transistors provide opportunities for unique radio architectures for submillimeter integrated circuits. Scalable, fully-integrated phased arrays control a radiated beam pattern electronically through tiling multiple chips. Coupled-oscillator arrays are used for the first time to subharmonically injection-lock across a chip or between multiple chips to provide phase coherence across an array.
Improvement of algorithms for control of noise using common acoustical poles of a room (2002)

In this paper a model for a room transfer function (RTF) using common acoustical poles is applied to achieve active noise cancelation (ANC) in a small reverberant room. An algorithm has been developed and studied which is an improved version of the multiple error LMS (MELMS) algorithm. The new one is more suitable in practical real time implementations. A comparison between the new algorithm and the MELMS has also been made. The results show that similar noise reductions can be achieved by both algorithms, but it must be noted that the new one requires far fewer storage and computational power requirements.