gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved radiation emission model for two damping schemes for signal integrity management on microstrips validated with MoM (2013)

For the design of high speed digital systems, ensuring signal integrity (SI) and EMC compliance are important considerations. Microstrip traces are widely used on PCBs to form interconnections for the transfer of the digital signals. To ensure signal fidelity, damping terminations provide effective signal integrity management through the use of the series or destination damping schemes. At the high signal speeds, the radiated emissions (REs) from the interconnections influence the EMC performance. By considering a single microstrip interconnect, predictive models may be used to effectively study and provide insights into better design strategies for high-speed digital systems. An analytical approximation for the RE for the microstrip modelled as a lossy transmission line (TL) has been developed and is used to study the impact of the two damping terminations. Improved RE predictions, validated through fullwave MoM, have been obtained with the inclusion of the dielectric loss. Good agreement for the far-field are observed between the improved RE analytical modelling and MoM. Moreover, the inclusion of microstrip loss mechanisms provides a better understanding on the role of damping for SI management on the RE.
Silica- and Clay-Reinforced Carboxylated Nitrile Rubber Vulcanized by a Mixed Crosslinking System (1982)

Abstract The polymer-filler interaction of silica- and clay-filled XNBR vulcanizates has been analyzed. The presence of carboxyl groups in the polymer chain gives better polymer-filler interaction, and no coupling agent is essential. Properties of silica-filled XNBR vulcanizates containing different carboxyl contents in the polymer chain have also been studied. SEM studies of fracture surfaces have been made to understand the failure behavior of gum and filled vulcanizates.
Real-Time Recognition of Address Blocks on Mail Pieces (1989)

In previous papers, we introduced the general problem of locating a block of text corresponding to the destination address on complex backgrounds (such as magazine covers), the architecture of ABLS (address block location system) and its performance with an image database consisting of many difficult cases [SWP87, WaS88]. ABLS has demonstrated its competence by successfully locating address blocks on mail pieces that exhibit visually complex configurations. The current phase of research is to determine how to develop a system that can perform in real-time. A real-time system must be capable of processing 12 mail pieces per second for letter mail, 5 per second for flats, and 1 per second for irregular parcels and pieces (IPP). This paper reports on evaluations of components of ABLS with a view towards developing a real-time system and discusses hardware implementation of some components.
Optoelectronic generation of bio-aqueous femto-droplets based on the bulk photovoltaic effect (2020)

The generation and manipulation of small aqueous droplets is an important issue for nano- and biotechnology, particularly, when using microfluidic devices. The production of very small droplets has been frequently carried out by applying intense local electric fields to the fluid, which requires power supplies and metallic electrodes. This procedure complicates the device and reduces its versatility. In this work, we present a novel and flexible, to the best of our knowledge, electrodeless optoelectronic method for the production of tiny droplets of biologically friendly aqueous fluids. Our method takes advantage of the photoinduced electric fields generated by the bulk photovoltaic effect in iron-doped lithium niobate crystals. Two substrate configurations, presenting the polar ferroelectric axis either parallel or perpendicular to the active surface, have been successfully tested. In both crystal geometries, small droplets on the femtoliter scale have been obtained, although with a different spatial distributions correlated with the symmetry of the photovoltaic fields. The overall results demonstrate the effectiveness of the optoelectronic method to produce femtoliter droplets, both with pure water and with aqueous solutions containing biological material.
Spatial Tessellations: Concepts and Applications of Voronoi Diagrams (1992)

Definitions and basic properties of the Voronoi diagram generalizations of the Voronoi diagram algorithms for computing Voronoi diagrams poisson Voronoi diagrams spatial interpolation models of spatial processes point pattern analysis locational optimization through Voronoi diagrams.
Safety of specific immunotherapy using a four-hour ultra-rush induction scheme in bee and wasp allergy. (2006)

Our ultra-rush immunotherapy induction regimen shows a low incidence of systemic reactions. It proved to be safe and convenient for the patient, as it could be applied in a four-hour outpatient regimen.
Quantum geometry and bounds on dissipation in slowly driven quantum systems (2023)

We show that energy dissipation in slowly-driven, Markovian quantum systems at low temperature is linked to the geometry of the driving protocol through the quantum (or Fubini-Study) metric. Utilizing these findings, we establish lower bounds on dissipation rates in two-tone protocols, such as those employed for topological frequency conversion. Notably, in appropriate limits these bounds are only determined by the topology of the protocol and an effective quality factor of the system-bath coupling. Our results bridge topological and geometric phenomena with energy dissipation in open quantum systems, and further provide design principles for optimal driving protocols.
Antibody neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 through ACE2 receptor mimicry (2021)

Understanding the mechanism for antibody neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 is critical for the development of effective therapeutics and vaccines. We recently isolated a large number of monoclonal antibodies from SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals. Here we select the top three most potent yet variable neutralizing antibodies for in-depth structural and functional analyses. Crystal structural comparisons reveal differences in the angles of approach to the receptor binding domain (RBD), the size of the buried surface areas, and the key binding residues on the RBD of the viral spike glycoprotein. One antibody, P2C-1F11, most closely mimics binding of receptor ACE2, displays the most potent neutralizing activity in vitro and conferred strong protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Ad5-hACE2-sensitized mice. It also occupies the largest binding surface and demonstrates the highest binding affinity to RBD. More interestingly, P2C-1F11 triggers rapid and extensive shedding of S1 from the cell-surface expressed spike glycoprotein, with only minimal such effect by the remaining two antibodies. These results offer a structural and functional basis for potent neutralization via disruption of the very first and critical steps for SARS-CoV-2 cell entry.
ChemInform Abstract: VINYL ISOCYANATE CYCLIZATION REACTIONS IN SYNTHESIS. AN EXPEDIENT CONSTRUCTION OF THE OCTAHYDROPHENANTHRIDINONE RING SYSTEM (1985)

Abstract Aus den Cyclohexenyl‐isocyanaten (I) erhält man mit dem Enamin (II) über die Zwischenstufen (III) die Cyclisierungsprodukte (IV).
Oligodendrocyte responses to buprenorphine uncover novel and opposing roles of μ‐opioid‐ and nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptors in cell development: Implications for drug addiction treatment during pregnancy (2011)

Although the classical function of myelin is the facilitation of saltatory conduction, this membrane and the oligodendrocytes, the cells that make myelin in the central nervous system (CNS), are now recognized as important regulators of plasticity and remodeling in the developing brain. As such, oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination are among the most vulnerable processes along CNS development. We have shown previously that rat brain myelination is significantly altered by buprenorphine, an opioid analogue currently used in clinical trials for managing pregnant opioid addicts. Perinatal exposure to low levels of this drug induced accelerated and increased expression of myelin basic proteins (MBPs), cellular and myelin components that are markers of mature oligodendrocytes. In contrast, supra-therapeutic drug doses delayed MBP brain expression and resulted in a decreased number of myelinated axons. We have now found that this biphasic-dose response to buprenorphine can be attributed to the participation of both the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP receptor) in the oligodendrocytes. This is particularly intriguing because the NOP receptor/nociceptin system has been primarily linked to behavior and pain regulation, but a role in CNS development or myelination has not been described before. Our findings suggest that balance between signaling mediated by (a) MOR activation and (b) a novel, yet unidentified pathway that includes the NOP receptor, plays a crucial role in the timing of oligodendrocyte maturation and myelin synthesis. Moreover, exposure to opioids could disrupt the normal interplay between these two systems altering the developmental pattern of brain myelination.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory Fission Product Hydrochlorination (2021)

This work supports the recovery of high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU, uranium enriched in <sup>235</sup>U to >5% and <20%) from used nuclear fuel through a process based on the zirconium extraction (ZIRCEX) process. The ZIRCEX process starts with the dry head-end removal of zirconium or aluminum cladding from the nuclear fuel via chlorination or hydrochlorination, which results in the separation of cladding from the fuel as the metal chloride (e.g., aluminum trichloride or zirconium tetrachloride). The hydrochlorination process is included in the Material Recovery Pilot Plant (MRPP), a ZIRCEX-based demonstration plant at Idaho National Laboratory (INL). The experiments outlined in this report assessed fission product (FP) volatility and transport under the hydrochlorination conditions used to separate cladding from used nuclear fuel.
Bis(imino)pyridines:  Surprisingly Reactive Ligands and a Gateway to New Families of Catalysts (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBis(imino)pyridines: Surprisingly Reactive Ligands and a Gateway to New Families of CatalystsVernon C. Gibson, Carl Redshaw, and Gregory A. SolanView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom, Wolfson Materials and Catalysis Centre, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom, and Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 5, 1745–1776Publication Date (Web):May 9, 2007Publication History Received12 October 2006Published online9 May 2007Published inissue 1 May 2007https://doi.org/10.1021/cr068437yCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views8748Altmetric-Citations726LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (880 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Alkyls,Anions,Catalysts,Iron,Ligands Get e-Alerts
Manufacturable local interconnect technology fully compatible with titanium salicide process (2002)

Local interconnect technology has been widely accepted because of advantages such as increase of packing density and reduction of parasitics. Local interconnect technology of a new structure utilizing TiSi/sub 2/ from the reaction of Ti and polysilicon is described. The technology is fully compatible with the salicide process. Moreover, the processing offers low resistivity interconnection with low junction leakage because of its inherent structure. It is confirmed that the process is manufacturable for 0.5 mu m CMOS.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
MP21-06 STATE-BY-STATE RACIAL VARIATIONS IN PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN SCREENING PATTERNS: A NATIONWIDE ANALYSIS. (2016)

ESBL in 2.2%. 15% of patients who were not swabbed received i.v antibiotics. 6/808 (0.7%) screened patients developed sepsis, as opposed to 4/124 (3.2%) in patients not screened (p0.03 Fischer's exact test).
Braodband Imaging Through an Omni-Resonant Micro-Cavity (2017)

We demonstrate broadband imaging through an optical micro-cavity in which omni-resonance is achieved by angularly-multiplexed phase-matching. We create a 60-nm-wide spectral transmission window starting from 0.7-nm-wide resonances.
The evaluation of novel activated carbons for artificial liver support (2005)

Paper evaluating novel activated carbons for artificial liver support.
Deep Directional Electromagnetic Measurements for Optimal Well Placement (2005)

Abstract A new logging-while-drilling (LWD) tool that incorporates directional antennae and long measurement spacings has been developed and field tested. The directional electromagnetic (EM) tool measurements are more sensitive to approaching resistivity boundaries than existing propagation resistivity tools. Combining measurements from symmetrically arranged pairs of antennae further amplify this boundary effect while minimizing undesirable sensitivity to dip and anisotropy. Novel data processing and structure visualization software was developed to aid the decision-making and planning process. Field test results from Oman and the North Sea illustrate how the directional EM measurements fulfill the requirements for geosteering in thin, dipping, and curving targets with lateral resistivity variations. In addition, the directional EM tool also enables improved characterization of resistivity and resistivity anisotropy in high-angle and horizontal wells.
Prognosis and Breast Cancer (1991)

Assignment of breast cancer patients to specific prognostic groups has been a relatively empty exercise until the recent acceptance of the effectiveness of systemic chemotherapy. The previous question of who should be so treated has changed in North America to a question of who should not be so treated. The availability of intensive chemotherapy for the worst prognostic groups as well as efficacious, low-toxicity adjuvant chemotherapy has made prognostication mandatory. The current major question is which women with breast cancer will not benefit from chemotherapy. We are actually much better at prognostication than many studies and the current broad search for new prognostic markers would indicate. The assignment of excellent prognosis categories by defined special histologic types or grade of breast cancer as well as other measures recognize women with survival approaching or equaling the general population. Likewise, extremely poor prognosis may be recognized in 20% to 40% of women with breast cancer by the presence of extensive mitoses or high proliferation index (by any modality) and poor differentiation (highest grade). Combined tumor size and nodal status data with high-grade indicates that women with these indicators will die within 2 to 3 years with as high as 80% certainty. The surgical pathologist still determines if cancer is present and must also determine if the tumor is in situ or invasive, its type or grade if invasive, and the extent of in situ component. Considering the diminution in overall size of cancers detected by modern techniques, it is clear that validation of newer prognostic variables will be more useful and will allow more separate determinations if adapted to tissue sections rather than tissue homogenates. The many measures of these carcinomas, such as size and nodal status, make multiparametric assessment of putative prognostic markers mandatory.
Metabolism and bioconversion of ehromene derivatives in Ageratina adenophora (Asteraceae) (1986)

Seedlings of Ageratina adenophora accu- mulate the chromenes demethoxyencecalin, ence- calin and demethylencecalin More than 80% of the total chromenes within the seedling are con- fined to the leaves where they are stored within the mesophyll. Metabolism of the chromenes dur- ing development of the seedlings was subjected to analysis by high-performance liquid chromatogra- phy. The accumulation kinetics obtained, as well as feeding experiments with non-radioactive chro- menes, showed the bioconversion of these com- pounds to proceed from demethoxyencecalin via hydroxylation yielding demethylencecalin, fol- lowed by methylation yielding encecalin. Inhibitor studies with glyphosate indicate that the chro- menes arise from precursors derived from the shik- imic-acid pathway.
Catalysis of Hydrolysis and Transesterification Reactions of p-Nitrophenyl Esters by a Designed Helix−Loop−Helix Dimer (1997)

KO-42, a polypeptide with 42 amino acid residues has been designed to fold into a hairpin helix−loop−helix motif that dimerizes and forms a four-helix bundle. The solution structure of the folded KO-42 dimer has been determined by NMR and CD spectroscopy and ultracentrifugation. On the surface of the folded polypeptide a reactive site has been engineered that is capable of catalyzing acyl-transfer reactions of reactive esters. The reactive site of KO-42 contains six histidine residues with perturbed pKa values. The pKas of His-15, His-30, and His-34 are close to 5, whereas those of His-11, His-19, and His-26 are close to 7, with nonideal titration curves. The second-order rate constant for the KO-42 catalyzed hydrolysis of mono-p-nitrophenyl fumarate at pH 4.1 and 290 K is 0.1 M-1 s-1, which is 1140 times larger than that of the 4-methylimidazole (4-MeIm) catalyzed reaction, 8.8 × 10-5 M-1 s-1. The second-order rate constant for the KO-42 catalyzed transesterification of mono-p-nitrophenyl fumarate to form the corresponding trifluoroethyl ester in 10 vol % trifluoroethanol at pH 4.1 and 290 K is 0.052 M-1 s-1 which is 620 times larger than that of the 4-MeIm catalyzed reaction, 8.4 × 10-5 M-1 s-1. KO-42 catalyzes the corresponding reactions of other p-nitrophenyl esters with similar rate enhancements. At pH 4.1 in aqueous solution where the rate constant ratio k2(KO-42)/k2(4-MeIm) is larger than 103 the predominant reactive species of KO-42 have unprotonated histidines flanked by protonated histidines. The kinetic solvent isotope effect at pH 4.7 is 2.0 which shows that isotopic fractionation occurs in the transition state. The kinetic solvent isotope effect at pH 6.1 is 1.1 which shows that there is neither general acid−general base catalysis nor strong hydrogen bonding in the transition state of the rate-limiting reaction step at that pH. The results suggest that at low pH the dominant catalytic species functions through a mechanism where unprotonated nucleophilic histidines are flanked by protonated histidines that bind to one or both of the ester oxygens in the transition state.
Establishment and biological properties of a guinea pig colonic adenocarcinoma cell line induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. (1981)

A colonic adenocarcinoma cell line, designated GPC-16, was established in culture from tissue removed from an outbred guinea pig which received 56 mg of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea intrarectally over a 28-week period. the GPC-16 has been maintained for more than 30 in vitro passages and was tumorigenic in both the autochthonous host and nude mice. The cells were aneuploid with a wide range in chromosome number (54 to 172) in a bimodal distribution. The cells grew in vitro as a tight monolayer and demonstrated numerous desmosomes by electron microscopy. In vitro-passaged cells had a doubling time of 36 hr and a 5.1% plating efficiency in agar.
Detailed design and evaluation of redundant multithreading alternatives (2002)

Exponential growth in the number of on-chip transistors, coupled with reductions in voltage levels, makes each generation of microprocessors increasingly vulnerable to transient faults. In a multithreaded environment, we can detect these faults by running two copies of the same program as separate threads, feeding them identical inputs, and comparing their outputs, a technique we call Redundant Multithreading (RMT).This paper studies RMT techniques in the context of both single- and dual-processor simultaneous multithreaded (SMT) single-chip devices. Using a detailed, commercial-grade, SMT processor design we uncover subtle RMT implementation complexities, and find that RMT can be a more significant burden for single-processor devices than prior studies indicate. However, a novel application of RMT techniques in a dual-processor device, which we term chip-level redundant threading (CRT), shows higher performance than lockstepping the two cores, especially on multithreaded workloads.
Dimensionless Models for Predicting the Effective Area, Liquid-Film, and Gas-Film Mass-Transfer Coefficients of Packing (2016)

A total of 11 structured packings with surface areas (ap) from 125 to 500 m2/m3 and corrugation angles (θ) from 45 to 70° were studied to explore the effects of the packing geometry on mass transfer. A new concept, the mixing point density, was proposed to represent the effects of ap and θ. A generalized method to calculate the mixing point density from aP and θ was developed. Dimensionless mass-transfer models are developed to predict the effective area, liquid-film, and gas-film mass-transfer coefficients, with the mixing and Reynolds numbers imbedded into the correlations. Compared with literature models, the models developed in this work capture the effects of the packing geometry and predict the mass-transfer properties in aqueous systems.
Tracing carbon and nitrogen incorporation and pathways in the microbial community of a photic subtidal sand (2008)

The pathways and fate of C and N in the microbial compartment of a coastal permeable sandy sediment in the photic zone were studied in a pulse-chase experiment. 13 C-bicarbonate and 15 N-nitrate were added to the water column on top of 5 sediment cores incubated in 4 transparent and 1 opaque laboratory chambers. After 9 h of labelling in the light and dark, stable isotope incorporation by microphytobenthos (MPB) and bacteria was quantified over a period of 4 d through the analysis of phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFA) and hydrolysable amino acids (HAA). 13 C was fixed by MPB, and more than 50% was directed to the production of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). MPB 15 N incorporation was similar in the dark and in the light. Bacterial activity appeared to have 2 effects that depended on sediment depth: at the sediment surface, there was a steady increase of label in the bacterial PLFA, suggesting metabolism of label-containing EPS; in the subsurface layers, uniform enrichment started immediately after the labelling procedure, indicating continuous incorporation of inorganic C by chemoautotrophic bacteria (Cbac). This experiment demonstrates the efficient transfer of inorganic C and N to the benthic community through the activities of photo-and chemoautotrophic microorganisms, and the role of EPS as a carrier of energy to the benthic microbial food web.
Solution Architecture - Secure Firmware Upgrade (SecFU) (2017)

This specification defines a solution architecture for performing
secure firmware upgrade for Internet of Things (IoT). The ulterior
motive is to have a framework that is simple, secure, and that uses
most common formats and standards in the industry and that works over
Internet.