gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local History of the Sim of Wat Phochai Khok Yai, Kalasin Province and an Approach to Conservation (ประวตศาสตรทองถนในสมวดโพธชยโคกใหญ จงหวดกาฬสนธ และแนวทางการอนรกษ) (2012)

บทคดยอ สมหรอโบสถของวดโพธชยโคกใหญ ในจงหวดกาฬสนธ มคาในดานการเปนมรดก ทางวฒนธรรมของชมชน การศกษาความเปนมาของสมดงกลาว ไดชวยใหทราบถงพฒนาของ สงคมและวถชวตของผคนในชมชนเมอ 70 กวาปทแลว รวมถงการรบเอารปแบบการกอสราง จากวฒนธรรมอนๆ มาผสมผสานกบความตองการในการใชสอย ดงนน การจะซอมแซมเพอ อนรกษอาคารดงกลาวจะตองมการศกษาวเคราะหหลกฐานทางประวตศาสตรทมอยในชมชน อนไดแก การศกษาเอกสารหรอบนทกทเกยวของ การศกษาสภาพปจจบน และปญหาของ อาคาร การสมภาษณบคคลทเกยวของในชมชน เพอนำขอมลทไดมาศกษาและวเคราะห อนจะ ชวยทำใหไดแนวคดในการซอมแซมอาคาร โดยพนฐานทสำคญของการซอมแซมปรบปรงมาจาก หลกการในการอนรกษของคามลโล บอยโต เพอใหอาคารทผานการซอมแซมแลวสามารถรกษา ความแทไวใหมากทสด มรปแบบใกลเคยงกบสภาพดงเดม โดยการใชวสดและเทคนคการกอสราง ทเหมาะสม เพอเพมคณคาทางสถาปตยกรรมใหแกอาคารมากขน คำสำคญ : เอกสารทางสถาปตยกรรม, การประเมนคณคาทางสถาปตยกรรม, แนวคดการอนรกษ Abstract The sim (ordination hall) of Wat Pho Chai Khok Yai in Kalasin province is highly valued as part of the cultural heritage of the community. Studying its derivation and construction helps us to understand the development of the local society and way of life 70 years ago as well as the influence of architecture from other cultures that blended with the local style. Therefore, conserving such buildings will need a study of relevant records, current conditions, and problems by investigation and interviews with individuals involved in the community. The obtained data will be an important source for acquisition and analysis that will be helpful for conservation. The main idea for conservation of this sim, based on Camillo Boito’s theory, is to retain its authenticity as much as possible by using appropriate materials and construction techniques in order to add architectural value to the building. Keywords : architectural documentation, architectural evaluation, conservation concepts
Regulation of sodium absorption by canine tracheal epithelium. (1987)

To regulate the quantity of respiratory tract fluid, the airway epithelium either secretes chloride, Cl-, or reabsorbs sodium, Na+. Many secretagogues inhibit Na+ absorption, but the decrease may result from a fall in the electrochemical gradient for Na+ absorption. We examined regulation of Na+ absorption independent of Cl- secretion, by bathing canine tracheal epithelium in Cl--free, gluconate Ringers solution. Prostaglandin E2, 2-chloroadenosine, and isoproterenol increased short-circuit current (Isc) and the rate of Na+ absorption. In contrast, indomethacin, which inhibits endogenous prostaglandin production, decreased Isc. These agents regulate cellular levels of cAMP; direct addition of 8-Br-cAMP also acutely increased Isc. We examined chronic regulation of Na+ absorption in cell monolayers grown on permeable supports in serum-free media. Exposure to aldosterone for two days increased baseline Isc by 50% and the amiloride-inhibitable current by 55%. These data indicate that Na+ absorption is both acutely and chronically regulated in the airway epithelium.
Functional Changes of Lysozyme by Conjugating with Carboxymethyl Dextran (1994)

Hen egg lysozyme-carboxymethyl dextran (HEL-CMD) conjugate was prepared by using water-soluble carbodiimide as a model protein-acidic polysaccharide conjugate for improving the protein function. An acid-amide bond between HEL and CMD was confirmed by SDS-PAGE, isoelectric focusing and IR spectra. The molar ratio of CMD to HEL in the conjugate was 1:1. The isoelectric point of the conjugate was 5.5-6.0, which is much lower than that of HEL. Spectroscopic studies suggested that the conformation around the Trp residue had not changed but the α-helix content had decreased to about 1/3 that for native HEL. The conjugate maintained about 60% of the enzymatic activity of native HEL at 40-60°C, while it was about 1.4 times as active as native HEL at 4°C and 80°C. The conjugate was more stable to proteolysis than native HEL. The denaturation temperature of the conjugate was about 73°C, which is almost the same as that of native HEL. However, the enthalpy for denaturation of the conjugate was about 1/3 that of native HEL, which corresponds to the decrease in α-helix content.
Bag of Visual Words Model with Deep Spatial Features for Geographical Scene Classification (2017)

With the popular use of geotagging images, more and more research efforts have been placed on geographical scene classification. In geographical scene classification, valid spatial feature selection can significantly boost the final performance. Bag of visual words (BoVW) can do well in selecting feature in geographical scene classification; nevertheless, it works effectively only if the provided feature extractor is well-matched. In this paper, we use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for optimizing proposed feature extractor, so that it can learn more suitable visual vocabularies from the geotagging images. Our approach achieves better performance than BoVW as a tool for geographical scene classification, respectively, in three datasets which contain a variety of scene categories.
Contribution of Amino Acid Region 659−663 of Factor Va Heavy Chain to the Activity of Factor Xa within Prothrombinase, (2010)

Factor Va, the cofactor of prothrombinase, is composed of heavy and light chains associated noncovalently in the presence of divalent metal ions. The COOH-terminal region of the heavy chain contains acidic amino acid clusters that are important for cofactor activity. In this work, we have investigated the role of amino acid region 659-663, which contains five consecutive acidic amino acid residues, by site-directed mutagenesis. We have generated factor V molecules in which all residues were mutated to either lysine (factor V(5K)) or alanine (factor V(5A)). We have also constructed a mutant molecule with this region deleted (factor V(Δ659-663)). The recombinant molecules along with wild-type factor V (factor V(WT)) were transiently expressed in mammalian cells, purified, and assessed for cofactor activity. Two-stage clotting assays revealed that the mutant molecules had reduced clotting activities compared to that of factor Va(WT). Kinetic analyses of prothrombinase assembled with the mutant molecules demonstrated diminished k(cat) values, while the affinity of all mutant molecules for factor Xa was similar to that for factor Va(WT). Gel electrophoresis analyses of plasma-derived and recombinant mutant prothrombin activation demonstrated delayed cleavage of prothrombin at both Arg(320) and Arg(271) by prothrombinase assembled with the mutant molecules, resulting in meizothrombin lingering throughout the activation process. These results were confirmed after analysis of the cleavage of FPR-meizothrombin. Our findings provide new insights into the structural contribution of the acidic COOH-terminal region of factor Va heavy chain to factor Xa activity within prothrombinase and demonstrate that amino acid region 659-663 from the heavy chain of the cofactor contributes to the regulation of the rate of cleavage of prothrombin by prothrombinase.
Biodegradation of Dioxin-Related Compounds: A Review (1997)

Abstract A number of bacteria have been isolated, as well as genetically constructed, that are able to transform dioxin-related compounds including mono- and dichlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and diphenyl ethers. Invariably, dioxygenases are the primary degradative enzymes involved in the transformations. In most cases, these dioxygenases operate regioselectively and attack their substrates at an ether bond-carrying carbon and an adjacent carbon (the angular position), which prompts the irreversible cleavage of otherwise recalcitrant aryl ether bonds. Arising metabolites typically are mineralized to carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic salts. Some angular dioxygenases have been studied biochemically, resulting in information that may help to expand their substrate ranges to include tri-, tetra-, and other poychlorinated dioxins. Theoretically, all toxic congeners are susceptible to biocatalysis because they all possess an unsubstituted carbon adjacent to an ether bridge. Bacteria harboring these enzymes represent a promising tool for the future bioremediation of contaminated soils. Feasibility studies have shown that hydrophobic dioxins are bioavailable and rapidly degraded in soils from concentrations of 10 ppm to levels in the low ppb range by laboratory-cultured bacteria. Even lower treatment endpoints may be achievable by using these bacteria in concert with methods to increase the bioavailability of the pollutants.
In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of penicillinase-producing and intrinsically resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains (1983)

The in vitro susceptibility of penicillinase-producing and intrinsically resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains to 13 antimicrobial agents was tested. Regardless of the type of resistance, these organisms remained quite susceptible to newer cephalosporin agents, including moxalactam, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime.
Induction of Chimerism and Tolerance Using Freshly Purified or Cultured Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Nonmyeloablated Mice (2004)

The development of protocols to induce a state of durable mixed allogeneic hematopoietic chimerism to confer robust donor-specific transplant tolerance has been a major focus of the transplant community for the past decade. High levels of mixed allogeneic hematopoietic chimerism across a full major histocompatibility complex (MHC) barrier can be achieved by total myeloablation and transfusion of host and donor bone-marrow cells or, as shown more recently, can be achieved with nonmyeloablative preconditioning regimes in combination with donor bone-marrow transfusions (2-4) or transfusion of purified hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) (5-7). Here we illustrate useful experimental techniques for the study of hematopoietic chimerism in rodents by describing a system in which chimerism can be induced using nonmyeloablative conditioning, short-term costimulation blockade, and transplantation of purified or cultured hematopoietic stem cells.
INTERLEUKIN-12 INDUCES AN ACCUMULATION OF HEPATIC NK CELLS THAT IS DEPENDENT ON INDUCTION OF IFN-γ AND VCAM-1 AND IS DOWN-REGULATED VIA A FAS/FASL INTERACTION (1997)

Wiltrout, R. H.a; Volker, K.b; Wigginton, J. M.c; Brunda, M. J.d; Ortaldo, J. R.a; Fogler, W. E.a Author Information
Solvates of Sildenafil Saccharinate. A New Host Material (2006)

Sildenafil saccharinate (SS) forms solvates with a large number of solvents, which are included in distorted hexagonal cavities constituted with N(+)−H···N(-) and C−H···O interactions. All these solvates, except the methanolate, are isostructural and contain various host−guest O−H···O and C−H···O interactions and also an intramolecular N−H···O hydrogen bond in the sildenafil entity. The C−H···O bonds, in particular, are strong and numerous and play an important role in stabilizing the crystal packing at several levels. The solute−solvent ratio varies among the isostructural solvates because of differences in guest size. Solvents with smaller volume occupy the peripheries of the cavity, while larger solvents are located within the cavity. All the solvates are converted easily to the apohost upon heating, and this transformation is associated with a rearrangement of several C−H···O interactions in the structure. The apohost could also be prepared by grinding the two components, and this procedure led to mixtures of crystalline and amorphous forms. When this ground sample was heated at 120 °C, it was converted into the crystalline SS apohost. In this family of host−guest compounds the host framework is largely invariant and robust, and the guest molecules only play a bystander role in the packing. The totally different crystal structure of the methanol solvate argues in favor of using the term pseudopolymorph to describe modulations in the structural landscape of a host−guest system.
Studies on Analgesics. III (1964)

An appearance of tolerance and physical dependence was examined with 1, 4-bis-[(2-methoxy-4-propylphenoxy) acetyl] piperazine (AP-2) by analgesic administration to guinea pig and rat, comparing with that of morphine as a control. In the case when morphine was treated subcutaneously to guinea pig successively, it showed tolerance, however, AP-2 (200mg./kg.) did not display tolerance even when it was treated either peritoneally or per os consecutively (Figs. 3, 4).A decrease of body weight, caused by physical dependence, was observed if the administration was discontinued or otherwise either levallorphan or AP-2 was administered instead of morphine, after the consecutive administration of morphine (100mg./kg.) to rat twice a day. However, no decrease of body weight was observed with the rat treated in advance by successive administration of AP-2 (200mg./kg.) twice a day, if the administration was discontinued or levallorphan was administered instead of AP-2.To the tolerated guinea pig or rat with morphine, either suspension of water insoluble AP-2 or precipitated calcium carbonate was administered peritoneally, and a severe stretching symptom was displayed. It suggests that these tolerated animals with morphine were considered to be very sensitive to the stretcing reaction.
Densitometric measurements of the mandible: accuracy and validity of intraoral versus extraoral radiographical techniques in an in vitro study (1998)

In this study a comparison is made between intraoral and extraoral radiographical techniques for quantitative measurements of bone density in the edentulous mandible. A phantom model, composed of a dry mandible surrounded by a soft tissue substitute was used. Radiographs were made of aluminium implants of known volumes. Intra- and extraorally placed reference wedges of aluminium or a combination of aluminium and plexiglas were used for the measurement of the aluminium volume of the above-mentioned implants and compared with the real volume. The IBAS image analysis system was used for image processing and measurements. A systematic deficit in the measured volume of 15 to 29% was found. This error was irrespective of the radiographical technique and indicates a constant underestimation of the aluminium volumes. The differential influence of the secondary radiation on the images of the jaw and the wedge is proposed to be a possible cause of this constant underestimation. The intraoral and extraoral techniques do not display significant statistical differences in the levels of validity or accuracy. Obtaining serial intraoral radiographs of adequate quality in the atrophic edentulous mandible can be problematic. It is concluded from this in vitro study that in these cases Oblique Lateral Cephalometric Radiographs may provide a valuable alternative for quantitative image analysis.
IN VITRO SELECTION FOR OSMOTIC TOLERANCE IN ALFALFA (MEDICAGO SATIVA L.) (1996)

Summary. A system for in vitro selection during somatic embryogenesis in alfalfa was developed. PEG was used as a selective agent for osmotolerance. The procedure involved screening of seeds and seedlings till cotyledonary stage on 10 % PEG with further growth of the plants on PEG-free medium. The initiation of somatic embryogenesis proceeded till the end of globular stage on PEG. Further development and growth was possible only if the osmoticum was omitted. Four regenerants were obtained which were cloned and potted. The preliminary studies revealed their high osmotolerance compared with the explant-source genotype. Additional studies are in progress on the breeding behaviour at controlled and field conditions. Key words: alfalfa, in vitro selection, PEG-tolerence
Design of permutation-based sparse code multiple access system (2017)

We consider the problem of designing a sparse code multiple access (SCMA) codebook that is based on permutation. Conventional SCMA is a multidimensional codebook-based non-orthogonal spreading technique, in which each layer of incoming bits are directly mapped to multidimensional codewords which have nonzero entries on the same resources. In this paper, unlike the traditional SCMA scheme, the data bits to be transmitted determine the nonzero entry locations based on the permutation. The proposed SCMA codebooks are converted to a multiuser code-division multiple-access (CDMA) detection system before applying an iterative decoder. The complexity of the proposed iterative decoder is lower in comparison to exponential message passing algorithm (MPA) and outperforms in terms of bit-error-rate (BER).
High-precision echo time of flight measurement method and its FPGA implementation (2011)

High-precision time measurement has been widely used in scientific experiments and industrial process control areas such as high energy physics, laser range measurement and high-precision positioning, ultrasonic flow measurement, etc. A new high-precision echo time of flight measuring algorithm is presented, which combines the pulse counting method with the phase delay interpolation. The pulse counting method is used to ensure a large dynamic measuring range, and the digital delay locked loops to improve the accuracy and reduce the counting quantization error. The phase delay interpolation is used to reduce the quantization error of pulse counting for further improving the time measurement resolution. Test data show that the system for echo time of flight measurement with this algorithm as its core and implemented on an FPGA has a shorter conversion time, and a measurement error less than 100 ps.
ROOT ALKALOIDS OFRAUWOLFIA CUMMINSIIStapf. (1977)

Eight alkaloids were isolated from the roots of Rauwolfia cumminsii Stapf. Reserpine, rescinnamine and serpentine have been previously reported but aricine, ajmalicine, yohimbine, α-yohimbine and 19–epi-serpentine have not previously been isolated from this species. No dihydroindole alkaloids of the ajmaline series were detected.
Influenza Vaccine — Outmaneuvering Antigenic Shift and Drift (2004)

The winter of 2003–2004 will be remembered as a year in which stories about influenza dominated the news and patients young and old clamored for influenza vaccination. This intense interest is the result of the confluence of multiple circumstances. The onset of the annual influenza epidemic came earlier than expected and was accompanied by reports of severe disease in previously healthy children, associated with the isolation of antigenically variant influenzaviruses represented by the prototypic strain A/Fujian/411/2002 (H3N2). There was concern that the available influenza vaccine would not be optimally effective against this strain of virus, but at the same time, . . .
Extraction of Lignin from Hydrolyzed, Lignocelluse (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExtraction of Lignin from Hydrolyzed, LignocelluseRaphael Katzen, F. G. Sawyer, and D. F. OthmerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1945, 37, 12, 1218–1222Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50432a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50432a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views410Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
An experimental study on BEM-based cortical imaging of human SEP activities (2005)

The boundary element method (BEM) based cortical imaging technique (CIT) has been applied to an experimental study on human somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) recorded from a patient. The accuracy of the analysis was determined by comparing SEPs recorded from the scalp with those recorded directly from the patient's cortex. The results indicate that the CIT improved the spatial resolution of the scalp potentials, and the reconstructed cortical potential maps are consistent with the direct cortical recordings.
Integrated production planning for the multiple-machine sheet metal shop with laser cutting and air bending (2008)

To compete with alternative production methods, sheet metal working firms need to improve continuously. Improvement efforts do not solely focus on the production processes, but also on other aspects of the production chain. Production planning is one of those aspects that need to be optimized. The presented research focuses on production planning optimization for sheet metal shops with a cutting stage and a bending stage. The combination of the production plans of the individual processes does not result in a globally optimal production plan. Consequently, both processes need to be integrated for production planning. In this paper, an integer programming formulation is presented for the multiple-machine two-stage sheet metal shop production planning problem. Numerous real-life test cases are used to benchmark the approach against the current way of planning. To limit the computational time, a dedicated variable neighborhood search procedure is presented.
Non-thermal plasma conversion of hydrocarbons (2023)

A non-thermal plasma is generated to selectively convert a precursor to a product. More specifically, plasma forming material and a precursor material are provided to a reaction zone of a vessel. The reaction zone is exposed to microwave radiation, including exposing the plasma forming material and the precursor material to the microwave radiation. The exposure of the plasma forming material to the microwave radiation selectively converts the plasma forming material to a non-thermal plasma including formation of one or more streamers. The precursor material is mixed with the plasma forming material and the precursor material is exposed to the non-thermal plasma including exposing the precursor material to the one or more streamers. The exposure of the precursor material to the streamers and the microwave radiation selectively converts the precursor material to a product.
Restoration of cardiac function and myocardial flow by collateral development in dogs (1981)

Hemodynamics of instrumented beagles with 75-85% stenoses of the left circumflex (LCf) coronary artery were evaluated before and during transient LCf balloon occlusion at rest and during treadmill running. Studies were done after surgery and 3 mo later. Myocardial blood flow was measured with radioactive microspheres during the LCf occlusions. Nine dogs (group I) had patent LCf arteries at the second study, and six (group II) had occluded vessels. Transient LCf occlusion during running in group I at weeks 1 and 12 and in group II at week 1 caused significant left ventricular failure, whereas the same protocol in group II dogs at week 12 produced minimal hemodynamic changes. Left ventricular failure precipitated by coronary occlusion during exercise diminished from week 1-12 in those animals with increasing LCf collateral flow, but actually increased in the animals with diminishing collateral flow. In group II dogs after chronic LCf occlusion total flow to LCf myocardium as well as inner-to-outer layer ratios were normal both at rest and during exercise. Thus coronary collaterals do preserve myocardial function, limit adverse hemodynamic responses to myocardial ischemia, and restore postocclusion tissue flows to normal even during the stress of exercise.