gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The DREAM Protein Is Associated with Thyroid Enlargement and Nodular Development (2009)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in the pathophysiology of a wide range of diseases and constitute an attractive therapeutic target. In the thyroid gland, TSH receptor (TSHR), a member of the GPCR family, is a major regulator of thyroid differentiation and function. Alterations in TSHR activity are often involved in the development of pathologies such as thyroid cancer and thyroid enlargement (goiter). Here we show that DREAM (downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator) modulates TSHR activity through a direct protein-protein interaction that promotes coupling between the receptor and Galphas. In transgenic mice, DREAM overexpression provokes a marked enlargement of the thyroid gland. Increased levels of DREAM protein were observed in human multinodular goiters, suggesting a novel etiopathogenic mechanism in nodular development in humans. Taken together, these findings identify a mechanism for the control of TSHR activity and provide a new approach for the study and treatment of thyroid pathologies associated with impaired TSHR function.
I (2008)

<sc>Strether told</sc> Waymarsh all about it that very evening, on their dining together at the hotel; which needn’t have happened, he was all the while aware, hadn’t he chosen to sacrifice on this occasion a rarer opportunity. The mention to his companion of the...
The Reliability to Gamma Radiation of Gas Sensors Based on Nanostructured ZnO:Eu (2022)

In this work it was investigated the reliability to ionizing radiation of Eu-doped ZnO nanostructured films functionalized with Pd. Morphological, sensorial and electrical properties of sensors were studied initially, after irradiation and after 6 months to observe the influence of irradiation.
Science, Diplomacy, and the Red Sea’s Unique Coral Reef: It’s Time for Action (2020)

Rapid ocean warming due to climate change poses a serious risk to the survival of coral reefs. It is estimated that 70-90 percent of all reefs will be severely degraded by mid-century even if the 1.5oC goal of the Paris Climate Agreement is achieved. However, one coral reef ecosystem seems to be more resilient to rising sea temperatures than most others. The Red Sea’s reef is one of the longest continuous living reefs in the world, and its northernmost portion extends into the Gulf of Aqaba. The scleractinian corals in the Gulf have an unusually high tolerance for the rapidly warming seawater in the region. They withstand water temperature anomalies that cause severe bleaching or mortality in most hard corals elsewhere. This uniquely resilient reef employs biological mechanisms which are likely to be important for coral survival as the planet’s oceans warm. The Gulf of Aqaba could potentially be one of the planet’s largest marine refuges from climate change. However, this unique portion of the Red Sea’s reef will only survive and flourish if serious regional environmental challenges are addressed. Localized anthropogenic stressors compound the effects of warming seawater to damage corals and should be mitigated immediately. Reefs in the rest of the Red Sea are already experiencing temperatures above their thermal tolerance and have had significant bleaching, though they too would benefit from fewer local anthropogenic stressors. The countries bordering the entire Red Sea will need to cooperate to enable effective scientific research and conservation. The newly established Transnational Red Sea Center, based at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, can serve as the regionally inclusive, neutral organization to foster crucial regional scientific collaboration.
Are bacteria, fungi, and archaea present in the midtrimester amniotic fluid? (2023)

Amniotic fluid in the midtrimester of pregnancy generally does not contain bacteria, fungi, or archaea. Interpretation of amniotic fluid culture and molecular microbiologic results is aided by the assessment of the inflammatory state of the amniotic cavity. The presence of microorganisms, as determined by culture or a microbial signal in the absence of intra-amniotic inflammation, appears to be a benign condition.
Phase I Study of R24 in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma Including Evaluation of Immunologic Parameters (1998)

R24 is a mouse IgG3 monoclonal antibody with specificity for the disialoganglioside GD3. Most human melanomas have substantial surface GD3; in addition, a significant proportion of T lymphocytes display surface GD3. In a phase I study, we have investigated the toxicity and effect on selected immunological parameters of three dose levels of R24 given intravenously daily for five days (10 mg/m2/d, 30 mg/m2/d and 50 mg/m2/d) to patients with advanced melanoma. R24 administration neither consistently diminished nor augmented expression of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reactions to anergy panel antigens or to a contact allergen dinitrofluorobenzene. R24 was infrequently found on tumor cells, or on lymphocytes from DTH biopsies, despite measurable serum levels of R24. The 30 mg/m2/d dose of R24 produced a statistically significant drop in peripheral blood lymphocytes on treatment Day 5. Likewise, on Day 5 there was a modest but statistically significant decrement in the proportion of circulating cells which were R24+. While there was one mixed response, there were no complete or partial tumor regressions in the R24 treated patients; there was no evident clinical benefit from the R24 therapy. The toxicity of the R24 at the higher dose levels can be very substantial. One patient, on the highest dose level, died on the 4th day of R24 treatment; in the absence of a plausible alternative explanation, a relationship of the death to the administered R24 must be considered. A precipitous drop in serum albumin coincident with R24 administration was found in all cases; this effect has not been previously reported with R24.
Computational modeling of skin reflectance spectra for biological parameter estimation through machine learning (2012)

A computational skin re ectance model is used here to provide the re ectance, absorption, scattering, and transmittance based on the constitutive biological components that make up the layers of the skin. The changes in re ectance are mapped back to deviations in model parameters, which include melanosome level, collagen level and blood oxygenation. The computational model implemented in this work is based on the Kubelka- Munk multi-layer re ectance model and the Fresnel Equations that describe a generic N-layer model structure. This assumes the skin as a multi-layered material, with each layer consisting of specic absorption, scattering coecients, re ectance spectra and transmittance based on the model parameters. These model parameters include melanosome level, collagen level, blood oxygenation, blood level, dermal depth, and subcutaneous tissue re ectance. We use this model, coupled with support vector machine based regression (SVR), to predict the biological parameters that make up the layers of the skin. In the proposed approach, the physics-based forward mapping is used to generate a large set of training exemplars. The samples in this dataset are then used as training inputs for the SVR algorithm to learn the inverse mapping. This approach was tested on VIS-range hyperspectral data. Performance validation of the proposed approach was performed by measuring the prediction error on the skin constitutive parameters and exhibited very promising results.
Investigation of Early Geopolymerization Process of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Paste Using Acoustic Emission Technique (2016)

Development of sustainable construction materials has been the focus of research efforts worldwide in recent years. Concrete is a major construction material; hence, finding alternatives to ordinary Portland cement is of extreme importance due to the high levels of carbon dioxide emissions associated with its manufacturing process. This study investigates the geopolymerization process, monitored using a data acquisition system. Two different water/binder weight ratios, 0.30 and 0.35 respectively, were monitored using acoustic emission. Results show that there is significant difference in the acquisition data between the two different water/binder weight ratios. In addition, acoustic emission may be used to beneficially monitor and investigate the early geopolymerization process.
Monoklonale Antikörper in der Blutgruppenserologie Teil 1: Technik der Herstellung, AB0- und Lewis-System (1993)

&lt;i&gt;Ziel: &lt;/i&gt;Die Einführung der monoklonalen Antikörper in die routinemäßige Blut-gruppenbestimmung hat unter anderem auch zu neuen Erkenntnissen geführt. Die Arbeit soil dem Anwender Änderungen aufzeigen und verständlich machen. &lt;i&gt;Quellen: &lt;/i&gt;Eigene Erfahrung bei der Herstellung und Anwendung sowie die ein-schlägige Literatur wurden berücksichtigt. &lt;i&gt;Ergebnisse: &lt;/i&gt;Die Erzeugung von tierischen wie auch humanen monoklonalen Antikörpern wird beschrieben, besonders auch in Hinsicht auf die umfangreiche Prüfung und Sicherung. Der aktuelle Stand der Verfügbarkeit und des Einsatzes von monoklonalen Antikörpern in den einzelnen Blutgruppensystemen wird dargestellt, wobei besonders auch die neuen Erkenntnisse wie Aι(B)- und B(A)-Phänomene behandelt werden. &lt;i&gt;Schlußfolgerung: &lt;/i&gt;Der Einsatz von monoklonalen Antikörpern in der Blutgruppenserologie hat zu wesentlichen Verbesserungen geführt, vor allem hinsichtlich der Erfassung schwacher Varianten sowie der Verfügbarkeit von Reagenzien. Der wei-tere Ausbau dieser Technologie läßt den Einsatz von monoklonalen Antikörpern auch für andere Systeme erwarten.
Inhibition of COX-2 in Colon Cancer Modulates Tumor Growth and MDR-1 Expression to Enhance Tumor Regression in Therapy-Refractory Cancers In Vivo (2012)

Higher cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression is often observed in aggressive colorectal cancers (CRCs). Here, we attempt to examine the association between COX-2 expression in therapy-refractory CRC, how it affects chemosensitivity, and whether, in primary tumors, it is predictive of clinical outcomes. Our results revealed higher COX-2 expression in chemoresistant CRC cells and tumor xenografts. In vitro, the combination of either aspirin or celecoxib with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was capable of improving chemosensitivity in chemorefractory CRC cells, but a synergistic effect with 5-FU could only be demonstrated with celecoxib. To examine the potential clinical significance of these observations, in vivo studies were undertaken, which also showed that the greatest tumor regression was achieved in chemoresistant xenografts after chemotherapy in combination with celecoxib, but not aspirin. We also noted that these chemoresistant tumors with higher COX-2 expression had a more aggressive growth rate. Given the dramatic response to a combination of celecoxib + 5-FU, the possibility that celecoxib may modulate chemosensitivity as a result of its ability to inhibit MDR-1 was examined. In addition, assessment of a tissue microarray consisting of 130 cases of CRCs revealed that, in humans, higher COX-2 expression was associated with poorer survival with a 68% increased risk of mortality, indicating that COX-2 expression is a marker of poor clinical outcome. The findings of this study point to a potential benefit of combining COX-2 inhibitors with current regimens to achieve better response in the treatment of therapy-refractory CRC and in using COX-2 expression as a prognostic marker to help identify individuals who would benefit the greatest from closer follow-up and more aggressive therapy.
Large dependency of intracellular NAD and CoA pools on cultivation conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2021)

S. cerevisiae pellets from batch (four carbohydrate sources) and chemostat (carbon-, nitrogen-, phosphate-limited and a range of dilution rates) bioreactor cultivations were extracted and analyzed with two recently established absolute quantitative liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods for NAD and CoA metabolites. Both methods apply <sup>13</sup>C internal standard dilution strategy for the enhanced analytical accuracy and precision. Individual metabolite pools were relatively constant for the different growth rates within the same mode of cultivation, but large differences were observed among some of the modes, i.e. NAD metabolites were 10 to 100-fold lower in nitrogen limited chemostats compared to the other modes, and phosphate limited chemostats were characterized with much lower CoA metabolite pools. The results complement the previous results and together provide a comprehensive insight into primary metabolite pools variations at a large range in growth and carbon source consumption rates.
Staggered Gain for 100+ GHz Broadband Amplifiers (2011)

A broadband amplifier is realized with cascaded stagger-tuned stages that are equalized for high bandwidth and low gain ripple. The staggered frequency response is demonstrated to improve the transimpedance limit of active circuits. The staggered response is demonstrated with a Darlington feedback amplifier and a constructive wave amplifier, which achieves low group delay. The broadband amplifier is implemented in a 0.12-μm SiGe BiCMOS process and achieves a 3-dB bandwidth of 102 GHz. The gain is 10 dB with 1.5-dB gain-ripple and group-delay variation under ±6 ps over the entire 3-dB bandwidth. The chip occupies an area of 0.29 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> including the pads and consumes 73 mW from a 2-V supply.
In situ Hybridization with RNA Probes (2003)

Immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence analyses are ideal techniques for localizing adhesive molecules in organs and tissues if reliable, well-characterized antibodies are available. In situ hybridization with RNA probes represents an alternative method for detecting mRNA encoding adhesive proteins (1). In comparison to immunological methods, in situ hybridization is more time-consuming and has a lower resolution at the cellular level. However, it is the method of choice if cloned cDNA probes for adhesive molecules have been isolated, but suitable antibodies are not available. Furthermore, in situ hybridization is often more sensitive than immunological methods and, thus, allows the detection of adhesive molecules that are expressed at low levels. Finally, the detection of mRNA allows their inambiguous determination of the site of synthesis of secreted molecules or of molecules whose extracellular domains can be proteolytically processed, and that, on release from their producer cells, may travel to distant locations in the tissue (2).
Electronic Health Record Implementation Findings at a Large, Suburban Health and Human Services Department (2018)

Electronic health records can benefit public health practices in many ways; however, public health departments will face significant challenges incorporating EHRs, which are typically designed for non-public health settings, into the public health workflow. Electronic health record implementation recommendations for health departments are provided. When implementing an EHR in a public health setting, health departments should provide extensive preimplementation training opportunities, including EHR training tailored to job roles, competencies, and tasks; assess usability and specific capabilities at a more granular level as part of procurement processes and consider using contracting language to facilitate usability, patient safety, and related evaluations to enhance effectiveness and efficiencies and make results public; apply standard terminologies, processes, and data structures across different health department service areas using common public health terminologies; and craft workforce communication campaigns that balance potential expected benefits with realistic expectations.
Patient Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Research (2007)

Adherence to the long course of TB treatment is a complex, dynamic phenomenon with a wide range of factors impacting on treatment-taking behaviour. Patients' adherence to their medication regimens was influenced by the interaction of a number of these factors. The findings of our review could help inform the development of patient-centred interventions and of interventions to address structural barriers to treatment adherence.
Photochemical Chain Reactionsin Amorphous Solids (1988)

In this article, we review recent work in the authors′ laboratory on the subject of free radical chain reactions of chlorine with small hydrocarbons in amorphous solids. The solids are formed as thin films by spray deposition of the gaseous reagents onto a cryogenic window. Reactions are initiated by excimer laser photolysis at 308 nm, which dissociates a small fraction of the chlorine molecules to atoms. Product yields and branching ratios are determined by infrared absorption spectroscopy. Reactions of chlorine with cyclopropane or cyclobutane proceed by true chain reactions, as evidenced by high product quantum yields (number of product molecules formed per laser photon absorbed by the sample). Measurements of the dependence of the product yield on the relative concentrations of chlorine and hydrocarbon provide clues to the reaction mechanism in the solid state. The cyclobutane reaction appears to involve H atom transfer from cyclobutane to cyclobutyl radical as an intermediate step in the overall reaction. Reaction of chlorine with propane, n‐butane, or isobutane does not appear to involve chain propagation and is dominated by radical recombination processes which result in low quantum yields. All of these results are discussed in terms of reactions which occur in a solid state environment where molecular motion is severely restricted.
INFLUÊNCIA DO HTLV-I NA INCIDÊNCIA, RESPOSTA IMUNE E MANIFESTAÇÕES CLÍNICAS DE OUTRAS DOENÇAS INFECCIOSAS (2010)

O virus linfotropico de celulas T humanas do tipo 1 (HTLV-I) e o agente causal da mielopatia associada ao HTLV-I (HAM/TSP) e da leucemia/linfoma de celulas T do adulto (ATLL) e e prevalente no Brasil, Africa, America Central e Japao. O virus infecta celulas T e tem sido observado que a infeccao pelo HTLV-I pode interferir na incidencia, expressao de doenca e resposta imune de outras doencas infecciosas, tais como estrongiloidiase, sarna norueguesa, tuberculose e esquistossomose. Neste trabalho, foi revisado o que ha na literatura sobre a associacao entre HTLV-I e outras doencas infecciosas, enfatizando a tuberculose, outras doencas bacterianas, helmintiases, infeccoes virais e sarna norueguesa. Alem disso, foram adicionados dados ainda nao publicados de pesquisa que vem sendo desenvolvida no Servico de Imunologia do Complexo Hospitalar Universitario Professor Edgard Santos, UFBA. Palavras chave: HTLV-I e estrongiloidiase, tuberculose e HTLV-I, escabiose e HTLV-I, esquistossomose e HTLV-I.
Biological and physical influences on marine snowfall at the equator - data collection (2017)

High primary productivity in the equatorial Atlantic and Pacific oceans is one of the key features of tropical ocean biogeochemistry and fuels a substantial flux of particulate matter towards the abyssal ocean. How biological processes and equatorial current dynamics shape the particle size distribution and flux, however, is poorly understood. Here we use high-resolution size-resolved particle imaging and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler data to assess these influences in equatorial oceans. We find an increase in particle abundance and flux at depths of 300 to 600 m at the Atlantic and Pacific equator, a depth range to which zooplankton and nekton migrate vertically in a daily cycle. We attribute this particle maximum to faecal pellet production by these organisms. At depths of 1,000 to 4,000 m, we find that the particulate organic carbon flux is up to three times greater in the equatorial belt (1° S–1° N) than in off-equatorial regions. At 3,000 m, the flux is dominated by small particles less than 0.53 mm in diameter. The dominance of small particles seems to be caused by enhanced active and passive particle export in this region, as well as by the focusing of particles by deep eastward jets found at 2° N and 2° S. We thus suggest that zooplankton movements and ocean currents modulate the transfer of particulate carbon from the surface to the deep ocean.
Supplementary Table 1 from Identification of Secreted Proteins that Mediate Cell-Cell Interactions in an <i>In vitro</i> Model of the Lung Cancer Microenvironment (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Identification of Secreted Proteins that Mediate Cell-Cell Interactions in an &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; Model of the Lung Cancer Microenvironment
Porous Si nanowires for highly selective room-temperature NO2 gas sensing (2018)

We report the room-temperature sensing characteristics of Si nanowires (NWs) fabricated from p-Si wafers by a metal-assisted chemical etching method, which is a facile and low-cost method. X-ray diffraction was used to the the study crystallinity and phase formation of Si NWs, and product morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After confirmation of Si NW formation via the SEM and TEM micrographs, sensing tests were carried out at room temperature, and it was found that the Si NW sensor prepared from Si wafers with a resistivity of 0.001-0.003 Ω.cm had the highest response to NO<sub>2</sub> gas (R<sub>g</sub>/R<sub>a</sub> = 1.86 for 50 ppm NO<sub>2</sub>), with a fast response (15 s) and recovery (30 s) time. Furthermore, the sensor responses to SO<sub>2</sub>, toluene, benzene, H<sub>2</sub>, and ethanol were nearly negligible, demonstrating the excellent selectivity to NO<sub>2</sub> gas. The gas-sensing mechanism is discussed in detail. The present sensor can operate at room temperature, and is compatible with the microelectronic fabrication process, demonstrating its promise for next-generation Si-based electronics fused with functional chemical sensors.
An audit of clinical outcomes following ovarian administration of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in women with severe diminished ovarian reserve (2022)

Ovarian PRP treatment appears to be low risk and may offer some promise in assisting pregnancy (natural and IVF-related), especially in women with reduced oocyte quality due to advanced maternal age. Future randomised controlled trials are urgently required to confirm this benefit.
Collective Bacterial Dynamics Revealed Using a Three-Dimensional Population-Scale Defocused Particle Tracking Technique (2006)

An ability to monitor bacterial locomotion and collective dynamics is crucial to our understanding of a number of well-characterized phenotypes including biofilm formation, chemotaxis, and virulence. Here, we report the tracking of multiple swimming Escherichia coli cells in three spatial dimensions and at single-cell resolution using a novel three-dimensional (3D) defocused particle tracking (DPT) method. The 3D trajectories were generated for wild-type Escherichia coli strain RP437 as well as for isogenic derivatives that display smooth swimming due to a cheA deletion (strain RP9535) or incessant tumbling behavior due to a cheZ deletion (strain RP1616). The 3D DPT method successfully differentiated these three modes of locomotion and allowed direct calculation of the diffusion coefficient for each strain. As expected, we found that the smooth swimmer diffused more readily than the wild type, and both the smooth swimmer and the wild-type cells exhibited diffusion coefficients that were at least two orders of magnitude larger than that of the tumbler. Finally, we found that the diffusion coefficient increased with increasing cell density, a phenomenon that can be attributed to the hydrodynamic disturbances caused by neighboring bacteria.