gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Delivery of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Gelatin-Alginate Hydrogels to Stomach Lumen for Treatment of Gastroparesis (2018)

Gastroparesis (GP) is associated with depletion of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and enteric neurons, which leads to pyloric dysfunction followed by severe nausea, vomiting and delayed gastric-emptying. Regenerating these fundamental structures with stem cell therapy, would be helpful to restore gastric function in GP. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been successfully used in animal models of other gastrointestinal (GI) diseases including colitis. However, no study has been performed with these cells on GP animals. In this study, we explored if mouse MSC can be delivered from a hydrogel-scaffold to the luminal surfaces of GP mice stomach. Mouse MSC was seeded atop alginate-gelatin, coated with poly-L-lysine. These cell-gel constructs were placed atop stomach explants facing the luminal side. MSC grew uniformly all across the gel surface within 48 hr. When placed atop the lumen of the stomach, MSC migrated from the gels to the tissues as confirmed by positive staining with Vimentin and N-cadherin. The feasibility of transplanting a cell-gel construct to deliver stem cells in the stomach wall was successfully shown in a mice GP model, thereby making a significant advance towards envisioning the transplantation of an entire tissue-engineered &amp;lsquo;gastric patch&amp;rsquo; or &amp;lsquo;microgels&amp;rsquo; with stem cells, and growth factors.
Synthesis of a Calix[6]arene-Derived Diphosphite, Its Palladium and Platinum Complexes, and the Remarkable Activity of (syn-Calix[6]arene diphosphite)Pd(CH3)(CH3CN)OTf in Carbon Monoxide and Ethene Copolymerization (1999)

Two noninterconvertable conformations of calix[6]arene diphosphite (1) were synthesized starting from calix[6]arene and PCl3. The conformations differ in the orientation of the phosphite moieties (syn and anti). In the syn conformation the phosphorus lone pairs of the phosphite have an exo orientation with respect to the cavity of the calixarene backbone. The fluxional behavior shown by syn-1 in solution is described as a up−up−out ↔ out−up−up interconversion of the calix[6]arene backbone. The syn diphosphite behaves as an exclusively cis coordinating ligand toward palladium(II) and platinum(II). Two syn diphosphite ligands coordinate to palladium(0), and the geometry of the complex is probably a distorted tetrahedron. The X-ray structure of (syn-1)PdCl2 demonstrated the cis coordination mode and the C2 symmetry of the ligand. The cationic complex (syn-1)Pd(CH3)(CH3CN)OTf is the first reported complex based on a diphosphite ligand that shows catalytic activity in the copolymerization of carbon monoxide and ethene. Turnover frequencies were 850−5300 mol mol-1 h-1 (25 °C, 20 bar carbon monoxide/ethene). The 〈Mn〉 of all tested polymers was approximately 34 000 with a PDI of 2.3. From 13C NMR spectral data we conclude that hydrolysis of the acyl intermediate to a carboxylic acid is the most important chain-transfer mechanism. To a lesser extent (15% of all chain ends) β-H elimination of the alkyl intermediate gave rise to vinyl end groups. All elementary steps in chain propagation have been monitored by IR spectroscopy and low-temperature NMR experiments.
Morphological Insights into the Degradation of Perovskite Solar Cells under Light and Humidity (2023)

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved competitive power conversion efficiencies compared with established solar cell technologies. However, their operational stability under different external stimuli is limited, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In particular, an understanding of degradation mechanisms from a morphology perspective during device operation is missing. Herein, we investigate the operational stability of PSCs with CsI bulk modification and a CsI-modified buried interface under AM 1.5G illumination and 75 ± 5% relative humidity, respectively, and concomitantly probe the morphology evolution with grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering. We find that volume expansion within perovskite grains, induced by water incorporation, initiates the degradation of PSCs under light and humidity and leads to the degradation of device performance, in particular, the fill factor and short-circuit current. However, PSCs with modified buried interface degrade faster, which is ascribed to grain fragmentation and increased grain boundaries. In addition, we reveal a slight lattice expansion and PL redshifts in both PSCs after exposure to light and humidity. Our detailed insights from a buried microstructure perspective on the degradation mechanisms under light and humidity are essential for extending the operational stability of PSCs.
Permittivity spectra and characteristic energy losses of electrons in ZnO at 100 K (2005)

For the first time, full sets of fundamental optical functions have been obtained for zinc oxide in the range 0–30 eV at 100 K for E ⊥ c and E ‖ c polarizations. Spectra of the transverse and longitudinal components of transitions and their basic parameters (peak energies E i , half-widths H i of transition bands, band areas S i , and oscillator strengths f i ) have also been determined for the first time. The calculations are performed using synchrotron experimental reflectance spectra. The main features of spectra of the optical functions and components of transitions are established. These features are compared to the results of known theoretical calculations of the bands and spectra of optical functions.
Mechanical property characterization of mouse zona pellucida (2003)

Previous intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) studies have indicated significant variation in ICSI success rates among different species. In mouse ICSI, the zona pellucida (ZP) undergoes a "hardening" process at fertilization in order to prevent subsequent sperm from penetrating. There have been few studies investigating changes in the mechanical properties of mouse ZP post fertilization. To characterize mouse ZP mechanical properties and quantitate the mechanical property differences of the ZP before and after fertilization, a microelectromechanical systems-based multiaxis cellular force sensor has been developed. A microrobotic cell manipulation system employing the multiaxis cellular force sensor is used to conduct mouse ZP force sensing, establishing a quantitative relationship between applied forces and biomembrane structural deformations on both mouse oocytes and embryos. An analytical biomembrane elastic model is constructed to describe biomembrane mechanical properties. The characterized elastic modulus of embryos is 2.3 times that of oocytes, and the measured forces for puncturing embryo ZP are 1.7 times those for oocyte ZP. The technique and model presented in this paper can be applied to investigations into the mechanical properties of other biomembranes, such as the plasma membrane of oocytes or other cell types.
Overcoming limitations of the trackpad for 3d docking operations (2013)

From notebook trackpads to mobile phones to tabletop surface computing, multitouch input surfaces have become one of the most dominant interfaces for human-computer interaction. Although these are clearly effective for interaction with 2D graphical user interfaces, we suspect that they are not as well suited for interaction requiring greater degrees of freedom (DoF). Here, we consider the possibility of exploiting two such surfaces, one for each hand, as a means of affording efficient control over higher dimensional tasks. We investigate performance on a 6 DoF task, comparing such a two-surface multitouch input device against the results obtained using a standard 2D mouse, a single multitouch surface, and a 6 DoF free-space device. Our results indicate that two multitouch surfaces significantly improve user performance compared to the mouse and to a single surface.
Photonic 2-D beam-former using multi-channel chirped fiber grating and optical delay lines with multiple beams capability (2009)

A 2-D multiple beams beam-former using multi-channel chirped fiber grating (MCFG) and tunable optical delay lines is investigated in this paper. The simulation results shown in this work exhibited that it was capable of forming beams in 2-D plane, which could be operated independently from each other at 8 GHz. The use of a MCFG along with tunable optical delay lines has greatly reduced the system complexity and components requirements. Simulations also indicated that our proposed scheme is more robust against group delay ripple, an inevitable error in every grating.
Clinical experience of esophageal perforation occurring with endoscopic submucosal dissection (2013)

Esophageal perforation occurring during or after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a rare, but serious complication. However, reports of its characteristics, including endoscopic imaging and management, have not been fully detailed. To analyze and report the clinical presentation and management of esophageal perforations occurred during or after EMR/ESD. Four hundred seventy-two esophageal neoplasms in 368 patients were treated (171 EMR; ESD 306) at Northern Yokohama Hospital from 2003 to 2012. Esophageal perforation occurred in a total of seven (1.9%) patients, all of whom were male and had undergone ESD. The etiology of perforation was: three (42.9%) intraoperative; three (42.9%) balloon dilatation for stricture prevention; one (14.2%) due to food bolus impaction. All cases were managed non-operatively based on the comprehensive assessment of clinical severity, extent of the injury, and the time interval from perforation to treatment onset. Conservative management included (i) bed rest and continuous monitoring to determine the need for operative intervention; (ii) fasting and intravenous fluid infusion/ tube feeding; and (iii) intravenous antibiotics. All defects closed spontaneously, save one case where closure was achieved by endoscopic clipping. Surgery was not required. Conservative management for esophageal perforation during advanced endoscopic resection is may be possible when there is no delay in diagnosis or treatment. Decision-making should be governed purely by multidisciplinary discussion.
Pravastatin Limits Endothelial Activation after Irradiation and Decreases the Resulting Inflammatory and Thrombotic Responses (2005)

Endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, fibrosis and vascular occlusion after radiation therapy. Statins have been reported to improve endothelial function; however, this beneficial effect on endothelial cells has never been investigated after irradiation. Therefore, using human microvascular endothelial cells from lung that had been irradiated with 5 or 10 Gy, we assessed the effect of pravastatin on endothelial activation by ELISA, cell-ELISA and electrophoretic mobility shift assay and increased blood-endothelial cell interactions by a flow adhesion assay. Pravastatin inhibited the overproduction of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, IL6 and IL8 and the enhanced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 but had no effect on platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 expression. Moreover, pravastatin down-regulated the radiation-induced activation of the transcription factor activator protein 1 but not of nuclear factor-kappaB. Finally, an inhibition by pravastatin of increased adhesion of leukocytes and platelets to irradiated endothelial cells was observed. The effect of pravastatin was maintained up to 14 days after irradiation and was reversed by mevalonate. Pravastatin exerts persistent anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects on irradiated endothelial cells. Statins may be considered in therapeutic strategies for the management of patients treated with radiation therapy.
High Prevalence but Low Impact of Cognitive Dysfunction on Quality of Life in Patients With Lupus and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (2022)

Objective cognitive impairment is common in SLE patients with NP symptoms, but may have a limited influence on HRQoL.
Predictive Model of ACC Speed to Enhance Engine Operating Conditions (2021)

The ACC feature when activated augments the engine performance in real-time. This article presents a novel methodology to predict the optimal adaptive cruise control set speed profile (ACCSSP) by considering all the effecting parameters. This paper investigates engine operating conditions (EOC) criteria to develop a predictive model of ACCSSP in real-time. We developed a deep learning (DL) model using the NARX method to predict engine operating point (EOP) mapping the vehicle-level vectors (VLV). We used real-world field data obtained from Cadillac test vehicles driven by activating the ACC feature for developing the DL model. We used a realistic set of assumptions to estimate the VLV for the future time steps for the range of allowable speed values and applied them at the input of the developed DL model to generate multiple sets of EOP’s. We imposed the defined EOC criteria on these EOPs, and the top three modes of speeds satisfying all the requirements are derived for each second. Thus three eligible speed values are estimated for each second, and an additional criterion is defined to generate a unique ACCSSP for future time steps. Performance comparison between predicted and constant ACCSSPs indicates that the predictive model outperforms constant ACCSSP.
Connexin Family Members Target to Lipid Raft Domains and Interact with Caveolin-1 (2002)

Lipid rafts are cholesterol-sphingolipid-rich microdomains that function as platforms for membrane trafficking and signal transduction. Caveolae are specialized lipid raft domains that contain the structural proteins known as the caveolins. Connexins are a family of transmembrane proteins that self-associate to form cell-cell connections known as gap junctions and that are linked to cytosolic proteins, forming a protein complex or Nexus. To determine the extent to which these intracellular compartments intersect, we have systematically evaluated whether connexins are associated with lipid rafts and caveolin-1. We show that connexin 43 (Cx43) colocalizes, cofractionates, and coimmunoprecipitates with caveolin-1. A mutational analysis of Cx43 reveals that the hypothesized PDZ- and presumptive SH2/SH3-binding domains within the Cx43 carboxyl terminus are not required for this targeting event or for its stable interaction with caveolin-1. Furthermore, Cx43 appears to interact with two distinct caveolin-1 domains, i.e., the caveolin-scaffolding domain (residues 82-101) and the C-terminal domain (135-178). We also show that other connexins (Cx32, Cx36, and Cx46) are targeted to lipid rafts, while Cx26 and Cx50 are specifically excluded from these membrane microdomains. Interestingly, recombinant coexpression of Cx26 with caveolin-1 recruits Cx26 to lipid rafts, where it colocalizes with caveolin-1. This trafficking event appears to be unique to Cx26, since the other connexins investigated in this study do not require caveolin-1 for targeting to lipid rafts. Our results provide the first evidence that connexins interact with caveolins and partition into lipid raft domains and indicate that these interactions are connexin specific.
How do you know that? Sensitivity to statistical dependency in social learning (2013)

Social learning has been shown to be an evolutionarily adaptive strategy, but can be implemented via many different cognitive mechanisms.Sensitivity to statistical dependency in the behavior of other people is a factor that discriminates between possible mechanisms: simple rule based strategies may be unaffected by dependency, while more sophisticated social learning strategies should take it into account.We use a Bayesian model to determine how rational agents should incorporate the effects of statistical dependency when learning from other people, conducting two experiments that examine whether human learners behave similarly.We find that people are sensitive to two different patterns of dependency, supporting the use of a sophisticated strategy for social learning.
An ionospheric clutter recognition method based on machine learning (2017)

Ionospheric clutter is the primary factor that affecting High Frequency Surface Wave Radar (HFSWR) detection performance. In order to draw up an adaptive detection strategy suitable in various environment, a novel algorithm is proposed in this paper to recognize ionospheric clutter. The algorithm firstly extracts a series of features, after that, it takes advantage of Genetic Algorithm (GA) to select effective features. Finally, Support Vector Machine (SVM) is applied to acquire a global ionospheric clutter recognition result. Experiments constructed on the real data show that the proposed method can achieve a better performance with the average recognition accuracy up to 86%.
SYNTHESIS AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OFD- ANDL-2′-AZIDO-2′,3′-DIDEOXY-4′-THIOPYRIMIDINE AND PURINE NUCLEOSIDES (2001)

Novel D- and L-2'-azido-2',3'-dideoxy-4'-thionucleosides were synthesized starting from L- and D-xylose via D- and L-4-thioarabitol derivative as key intermediates and evaluated for antiviral activity, respectively. When the final nucleosides were tested against HIV-1, HSV-1, HSV-2, and HCMV, they were found to be only active against HCMV without cytotoxicity up to 100 micrograms/ml.
Arsenite and Arsenate Adsorption on Ferrihydrite:  Surface Charge Reduction and Net OH- Release Stoichiometry (1999)

Arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)] are highly toxic inorganic arsenic species that represent a potential threat to the environment and human health. Iron oxides including poorly crystalline oxides, e.g., ferrihydrite, play a significant role in controlling dissolved As concentration and limit the mobility and bioavailability of As(III) and As(V). Adsorption occurs by ligand exchange of the As species for OH2 and OH- in the coordination spheres of surface structural Fe atoms. The objective of this study was to evaluate H+/OH- release stoichiometry and changes in surface charge properties of the adsorbent during the adsorption of arsenite and arsenate on ferrihydrite in the pH range of 4−10. This information, which is not directly accessible through spectroscopic studies, provides important clues to bonding mechanism. While arsenate adsorption resulted in the net release of OH- at pH 4.6 and 9.2, arsenite adsorption resulted in net OH- release at pH 9.2 and net H+ release at pH 4.6. The amount of H+ or OH- release per mole of adsorbed As varied with the As surface coverage, indicating that different mechanisms of arsenic adsorption predominate at low versus high coverage. The experimentally observed surface charge reduction and net OH- release stoichiometry were compared with the theoretical stoichiometry of the surface adsorption reactions that might occur. The results provide evidence that during arsenite adsorption at low pH, i.e., pH 4.6, the oxygen of the Fe−O−As bond remained partially protonated as Fe−O(H)−As. There is evidence that the monodentate bonding mechanism might play an increasing role during arsenate adsorption on ferrihydrite with increasing pH (at pH > 8). The results of this study have provided ancillary evidence to support the experimentally observed reduced adsorption of arsenite at low pH and of arsenate at high pH.
A self-configuring test harness for web applications (2009)

As web applications become more complex and dependent on numerous web technologies, regression testing becomes a time-consuming and expensive endeavor. Many approaches have been proposed to automate the testing process; however few of the approaches utilize the concepts of autonomic computing to symplify the management of a test harness. In this paper, we introduce a self-configuring autonomic test harness. Our test harness monitors the client-side of a web application to detect which web technologies were used to implement the interface. It then automatically selects a testing tool capable of validating any technology-specific features, generates an automated test script, and runs it on the web application.Test generation is performed using a model-driven approach which encodes test cases in a platform independent manner, and transforms them into platform specific tests using a model of various web technologies. In this way, our approach supports regression testing from the web interface as the application migrates to new technologies. We also present the details of a prototype used to demonstrate the approach.
Structural and Dielectric Analysis of La<sub>0.88</sub>Bi<sub>0.12</sub>Mn<sub>0</sub>.<sub>80</sub>Ni<sub>0.20</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Composite (2021)

Composite La 0.88 Bi 0.12 Mn 0 . 80 Ni 0.20 O 3 was synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction method with sintering temperature of 1200 °C for 12 hours and the dielectric properties investigated. The X-ray diffraction result shows that the composite has a rhombohedral structure with lattice parameter of a = b = c = 5.5136 Ǻ. Scanning electron microscope shows grains with approximately from 0.8 to 5.4 μm in size with presence of voids. The dielectric permittivity, εʹ and dielectric loss, εʺ were measured in the range of 298 K to 473 K where both are temperature and frequency dependent. At 1 kHz to 100 kHz, the εʹ is around 10000 and the dielectric loss tangent, tan δ is below 1.5. The electric behavior of this composite is best represented by Quasi-dc model which consists of two universal capacitors in parallel. Parameters value from the fitting indicated that high correlations of electrons between inter and intra-clusters. The activation energy, E a calculated from the conductivity of the sample gives a value of 0.116 eV. Vibrating sample magnetometer shows that the La 0.88 Bi 0.12 Mn 0 . 80 Ni 0.20 O 3 has a magnetic coercivity, H c of 36.109 G and retentivity, B r , valued 2.7504 x 10 -3 emu/g.
Synthesis and Properties of 2,2′-Di(heteroaryl)-9,9′-spirobifluorenes (2010)

Abstract A series of 2,2′-di(heteroaryl)-9,9′-spirobifluorenes were prepared by employing Friedländer reaction of 2,2′-diacetyl-9,9′-spirodifluorene with a series of ortho-aminoarenecarbaldehydes. The compound 2,2′-di(benzo[b]-1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-9,9′-spirofluorene (4e) showed a green light emission at 500 nm upon the excitation of the absorption at 374 nm while 2,2′-di(benzo[h]quinolin-2-yl)-9,9′-spirofluorene (4c), 2,2′-di(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-9,9′-spirofluorene (4d), 2-(benzo[h]quinolin-2-yl)-2′-(benzo[b]-1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-9,9′-spirofluorene (4g), and 2-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-2′-(benzo[b]-1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)-9,9′-spirofluorene (4h) showed emissions at 413, 465, 442, and 442 nm upon excitation of the absorption at 370, 362, 370, and 363 nm, respectively, thus having potential for OLED applications.