gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Statistics of 2-D DT-CWT Coefficients for a Gaussian Distributed Signal (2008)

This paper deals with the statistical properties of the two-dimensional dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) coefficients of a Gaussian distributed signal both in the Cartesian and polar forms. The first level of decomposition of the DT-CWT uses the wavelet filters that form only an approximate Hilbert-pair, while those at the higher levels form almost an exact Hilbert-pair. Hence, a significant correlation exists between the quadrature-filtered coefficients of the two trees in the first level of decomposition as compared to the other levels. As a consequence, in the Cartesian representation, the real and imaginary components of the complex coefficients are modeled as independent zero-mean Gaussian having unequal variances for the first level of decomposition and equal variances for the higher levels. In the polar representation, the magnitude components are modeled by a generalized Gamma probability density function (PDF) for the first-level decomposition and a Rayleigh PDF for the higher levels. The corresponding phase components are modeled by an analytic PDF. The Monte Carlo simulations show that the proposed PDFs of the transform coefficients match very well with the empirical ones. It is shown that the moments of the corresponding PDFs closely approximate the estimated sample moments. Finally, two techniques, namely, maximum a posteriori-based estimation and phase-based ridge detection are developed using the proposed PDFs. Simulation studies are carried out showing that the use of the proposed techniques provides improved estimation and detection performance of images in a noisy environment.
CO 2 capture from humid flue gases and humid atmosphere using a microporous coppersilicate (2015)

Capturing CO2 from humid flue gases and atmosphere with porous materials remains costly because prior dehydration of the gases is required. A large number of microporous materials with physical adsorption capacity have been developed as CO2-capturing materials. However, most of them suffer from CO2 sorption capacity reduction or structure decomposition that is caused by co-adsorbed H2O when exposed to humid flue gases and atmosphere. We report a highly stable microporous coppersilicate. It has H2O-specific and CO2-specific adsorption sites but does not have H2O/CO2-sharing sites. Therefore, it readily adsorbs both H2O and CO2 from the humid flue gases and atmosphere, but the adsorbing H2O does not interfere with the adsorption of CO2. It is also highly stable after adsorption of H2O and CO2 because it was synthesized hydrothermally.
Human placental alkaline phosphatase (1992)

An improved method for the purification of human placental alkaline phosphatase is described. The partially purified enzyme from Sigma was further purified by successive Concanavalin A-Sepharose and Q-Sepharose chromatography. The whole procedure may be completed in one working day. Highly purified enzyme was obtained with a 39% yield. The intrinsic fluorescence of the enzyme decreased at elevated temperature. The conformation of the enzyme molecule was studied by the fluorescence quenching technique. Upward Stern-Volmer plots were obtained for the quenching data which suggested that, in addition to collisional quenching, static quenching was involved in the quenching mechanism. The dynamic and static quenching constants were found to be 0.7 +/- 0.16 M-1 and 0.44 +/- 0.1 M-1, respectively, using acrylamide as the quenching agent. The corresponding values were 0.43 +/- 0.23 M-1 and 0.84 +/- 0.18 M-1, respectively, with KI as the quenching agent. Mg2+ and PO4(3-) induced protein conformational changes which altered both the dynamic and static quenching constants. Mg2+ was found to be a non-essential activator for the placental alkaline-phosphatase-catalyzed hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl phosphate. At pH 9.8, Mg2+ increased Vmax by 1.2-fold without affecting the Kd of the substrate. The tetranitromethane-modified enzyme showed slower migration toward the anode on electrophoresis and increased Kd for Mg2+.
Concepts du dimensionnement à la fatigue (1986)

Keywords: 153/ICOM Reference ICOM-ARTICLE-1986-002 Record created on 2008-01-24, modified on 2016-08-08
Neuromorphic technology in Europe : Brain-inspired technologies are advancing apace across Europe and are poised to help accelerate the AI revolution (2020)

© 2020 The Author.
High‐Resolution Reversed‐Phase Chromatography of Proteins (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Fundamentals of RPC Development and Optimization of Analytical Separations Development and Optimization of Preparative Separations Scale-Up Column Packing Material Column Design Practical Recommendations: How to Avoid and Solve Problems References
Type 1 Diabetes Associated with Acquired Generalized Lipodystrophy and Insulin Resistance: The Effect of Long-Term Leptin Therapy (2007)

Long-term recombinant leptin therapy is effective in treating the insulin resistance of patients with the unusual combination of T1D and AGL.
Cytotoxicity and mode of action of 5-azacytidine on L1210 leukemia. (1970)

This study attempts to determine the primary actions of 5-azacytidine (5-azaCR) on L1210 leukemia. This agent was cytotoxic toward L1210 cells growing in culture with 50 and 90% inhibition dose values of 0.019 and circa 0.15 μg/ml, respectively. 5-AzaCR inhibits the incorporation of tritiated thymidine or deoxyadenosine into DNA to a greater extent than it inhibits the incorporation of tritiated uridine into RNA. Similar results were obtained with ascitic cells isolated from leukemic mice. Equimolar amounts of cytidine reduced the inhibition of DNA synthesis, as well as the inhibition of cell growth in culture caused by 5-azaCR. Uridine, but not deoxycytidine or deoxyuridine, was also effective, but to a lesser extent than was cytidine. With cell-free extracts isolated from L1210 cells in culture, no significant effect was found on enzyme systems directly or indirectly involved in DNA synthesis.

With 5-azaCR-4-14C as the precursor, this agent was found to be phosphorylated in all leukemic tissues studied. The majority of phosphorylated products existed as the triphosphate in ascitic and cultured L1210 cells. A portion (10 to 20%) of all these phosphorylated derivatives appeared to be further reduced to deoxyribonucleoside di- and/or triphosphate forms. 5-AzaCR was also incorporated into polynucleotides in all tissues studied and incorporated into both RNA (80 to 90% total incorporated radioactivity) and DNA fractions (10 to 20%) in L1210 cells in culture. In the presence of cytidine, phosphorylation of 5-azaCR, subsequent reduction, and incorporation into polynucleotides were greatly inhibited.

A probable mechanism of action of 5-azaCR on L1210 leukemia is proposed.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Phosphanyldihydrooxazoles in Asymmetric Catalysis: Enantioselective Heck Reactions. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
DTS Monitoring of Hydraulic Fracturing: Experiences and Lessons Learned (2008)

Abstract Real-time monitoring of hydraulic fracturing using fiber optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) is starting to be used to estimate fracture initiation depth, vertical coverage and number of generated fractures, effects of diverting agents, and undesired flow behind casing. DTS monitoring of flowback and production can also help to assess the effectiveness of the stimulation treatment. To successfully achieve the monitoring objectives, aspects such as fiber deployment, fiber integrity at high injection rates, location and thermal coupling of fiber with respect to flow path, frequency of data acquisition and resolution, and real-time visualization and modeling need to be carefully considered. This paper presents experiences in the analysis of transient DTS data acquired during high-rate, multi-stage hydraulic fracturing in vertical, deviated, and horizontal oil and gas wells. The location of fiber, conveyed with coiled tubing inside the flow path or cemented behind casing, has a major impact in the temperature response, depending of the thermal conductivity between the fiber cable and the injected fluid path. When the fiber is hung inside casing, the fluid distribution can be challenging, especially if the deepest fluid leak is closer to the bottom of the treated interval, because the temperature along the fiber very quickly becomes equal to the fluid temperature with a minimum gradient straight-line pattern due to high fluid rate and velocity. To overcome this condition the use of induced hot/cold thermal tracers together with temperature modeling has been introduced, allowing the calculation of fluid rate distribution along the perforated intervals. Where the fiber is cemented behind casing, well defined patterns, based on the temperature value, can be recognized to discriminate between flow inside and behind casing, allowing out-of-zone fracture assessment. The thermal coupling of the fracturing fluid inside the casing and the fiber can be very weak at certain levels where small gas "insulation" pockets occur around the fiber, keeping the fiber temperature closer to the geothermal than fluid temperature. At clamp depths or well cemented zones, fiber temperature is much closer to fluid temperature, because the thermal coupling is strong at these levels. When the fracturing fluid flows behind casing, due to bad cement isolation, reaches the fiber cable, the temperature becomes essentially equal to fluid temperature. The advantages and limitations of both cases are discussed based on the type of well, length of gross pay, fracture design, treatment rate, and type of fluids.
Draft genome of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, a major forest pest (2013)

Despite Coleoptera being the largest insect order with over 400,000 described species, including many agricultural and forest pest species, this is only the second genome sequence reported in Coleoptera, and will provide an important resource for the Curculionoidea and other insects.
Synthese und Kristallstruktur von Na2Zn(OH)4 (1999)

Aus heißgesättigten Natriumhydroxozinkatlösungen wurden bei Raumtemperatur plättchenförmige farblose Kristalle von Na2Zn(OH)4 erhalten. An ihnen wurde röntgenographisch die Struktur einschließlich aller H-Lagen bestimmt. P21/n, Z = 4, a = 7,959(3) Å, b = 6,534(1) Å, c = 8,501(3) Å, β = 93,97(3)°, N(F2o ° 2σ F2o) = 1668, N(Var.) = 81, R1/wR2 = 0,043/0,107. Na2Zn(OH)4 kristallisiert in einer Schichtenstruktur. Abwechselnd ist in einer Schicht Na+ oktaedrisch und in der nächsten Zn2+ tetraedrisch durch OH– umgeben. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Na2Zn(OH)4 Crystallization from saturated sodium hydroxozincate solutions yields colourless platelets of crystals of Na2Zn(OH)4. The X-ray structure determination on these crystals was successful including all hydrogen positions. P21/n, Z = 4, a = 7.959(3) Å, b = 6.534(1) Å, c = 8.501(3) Å, β = 93.97(3)°, N(F2o ° 2σ F2o) = 1668, N(Var.) = 81, R1/wR2 = 0.043/0.107. Na2Zn(OH)4 crystallizes in a layered structure. Alternate layers contain Na+ in octahedral and Zn2+ in tetrahedral coordination by OH–.
DEFORMATIONS AND SPLITTINGS OF A BUBBLE IN A TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLUIDIZED BED (1975)

The behavior of deformations and splittings of a single bubble was studied experimentally in a two-dimensional fluidized bed. It was found that small downward cusps were generated at the bubble surface near the stagnation point and that they grew and necessarily caused bubble deformations and, frequently, bubble splittings. The authors call these cusps "disturbances". The frequencies of disturbances and splittings were observed and the following results were found. 1) About 4-8 disturbances were generated per second almost near the stagnation point, and they ran along the edge of a bubble to be lost near the wake; 2) about 14-30 percent of the disturbances also caused bubble splittings; 3) there were two types of splittings; 4) the frequencies of distrubances and splittings decreased with increase of particle diameter; and 5) neither frequency depended much on bubble diameter.
Ohmic heating—a new process for the food industry (1987)

Public perception of what constitutes a healthy or high-quality product is leading manufacturers to exploit alternative processes and presentation. As a result, aseptically processed foods, which are cooked prior to packaging, are appearing in the shops. This article reviews the development of a novel electrical cooking process targeted for the modern aseptic process line
Combining Stage Specificity and Metabolomic Profiling to Advance Antimalarial Drug Discovery (2019)

We report detailed susceptibility profiling of asexual blood stages of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum to clinical and experimental antimalarials, combined with metabolomic fingerprinting. Results revealed a variety of stage-specific and metabolic profiles that differentiated the modes of action of clinical antimalarials including chloroquine, piperaquine, lumefantrine, and mefloquine, and identified late trophozoite-specific peak activity and stage-specific biphasic dose-responses for the mitochondrial inhibitors DSM265 and atovaquone. We also identified experimental antimalarials hitting previously unexplored druggable pathways as reflected by their unique stage specificity and/or metabolic profiles. These included several ring-active compounds, ones affecting hemoglobin catabolism through distinct pathways, and mitochondrial inhibitors with lower propensities for resistance than either DSM265 or atovaquone. This approach, also applicable to other microbes that undergo multiple differentiation steps, provides an effective tool to prioritize compounds for further development within the context of combination therapies.
Supplementary Figure from Pharmacologic Activation of STING in the Bladder Induces Potent Antitumor Immunity in Non–Muscle Invasive Murine Bladder Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Pharmacologic Activation of STING in the Bladder Induces Potent Antitumor Immunity in Non–Muscle Invasive Murine Bladder Cancer
Regulation of macrophage activity by surface receptors contained within Borrelia burgdorferi-enriched phagosomal fractions (2019)

Macrophages mediate the elimination of pathogens by phagocytosis resulting in the activation of specific signaling pathways that lead to the production of cytokines, chemokines and other factors. Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, causes a wide variety of pro-inflammatory symptoms. The proinflammatory capacity of macrophages is intimately related to the internalization of the spirochete. However, most receptors mediating this process are largely unknown. We have applied a multiomic approach, including the proteomic analysis of B. burgdorferi-containing phagosome-enriched fractions, to identify surface receptors that are involved in the phagocytic capacity of macrophages as well as their inflammatory output. Sucrose gradient protein fractions of human monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to B. burgdorferi contained the phagocytic receptor, CR3/CD14 highlighting the major role played by these proteins in spirochetal phagocytosis. Other proteins identified in these fractions include C-type lectins, scavenger receptors or Siglecs, of which some are directly involved in the interaction with the spirochete. We also identified the Fc gamma receptor pathway, including the binding receptor, CD64, as involved both in the phagocytosis of, and TNF induction in response to B. burgdorferi in the absence of antibodies. The common gamma chain, FcγR, mediates the phagocytosis of the spirochete, likely through Fc receptors and C-type lectins, in a process that involves Syk activation. Overall, these findings highlight the complex array of receptors involved in the phagocytic response of macrophages to B. burgdorferi.
Uptake and metabolism of beta-alanine and L-carnosine by rat tissues in vitro: role in nutrition (1976)

Uptake and metabolism of the dipeptide L-carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) and of the free amino acid beta-alanine were studied in scraped mucosal epithelium of jejunum, kidney cortex slices, and intact hemidiaphragm muscle of the rat. These preparations expose plasma membranes with various orientations to amino nitrogen nutrition.
The ovalbumin gene: Cloning of the natural gene (1978)

The structural ovalbumin DNA sequences are not contiguous and are separated by multiple "intervening regions" in native chicken DNA. EcoRI, a restriction endonuclease that does not cleave the structural ovalbumin DNA sequences, digests the natural ovalbumin gene into three distinct fragments of 2.4, 1.8, and 9.5 kilobase pairs in length by cleaving within these "intervening regions." The 2.4-kilobase pair fragment contains only about 450 nucleotide pairs of coding sequence, with the rest being intervening sequences. This DNA fragment was cloned in bacteria by using the certified EK2 vector lambdagtWES.lambdaB after enrichment from total EcoRI-digested chicken DNA by a combination of RPC-5 column chromatography and preparative agarose gel electrophoresis. Five out of approximately 20,000 recombinant phage plaques were capable of hybridizing with a (32)P-labeled Hha I fragment of a recombinant plasmid pOV230 containing the entire structural ovalbumin gene. DNA amplified in these recombinant phages, lambdagtWES.OV2.4, was shown to contain the same restriction endonuclease cleavage sites as in the 2.4-kilobase pair EcoRI fragment previously determined by restriction mapping of total genomic chicken DNA. The intervening sequences were allowed to hybridize with excess total chicken DNA and oviduct nuclear RNA after nick-translation. They were found to be unique chicken DNA sequences, and appeared to be transcribed in their entireties during gene expression. Like the structural gene sequences, the expression of the intervening sequences is also inducible by steroid hormones.
Application of Genetic Algorithm for Planar Transmission Lines (2021)

Genetic-algorithm (GA) optimizers are one of the most robust and stochastic search methods based on the concepts of natural selection and evolution for several applications [1] . Complex electromagnetic optimization problems involve a large number of parameters such as continuous, discrete, or both, which often include constraints in allowable values that might be non-differentiable and exist in discontinuous regions. This creates a challenge for conventional numerical techniques. The approach used by genetic algorithms differs from that of other numerical optimization methods that the optimum evolves for the GA and enables a good solution in regions where the parameter space contains a relatively high proportion of good solutions [2] .
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation improves radiation‐induced fibrosis through Tgf‐Β1/MyoD homeostasis in head and neck cancer (2016)

The molecular pathogenesis of RT-induced muscle fibrosis involves the TGF-β1 pathway and its repression of MyoD expression. Our results suggest a correlation between TST/NMES combined therapy and the restoration of TGF-β1/MyoD homeostasis in cervical muscles. TST/NMES is a plausible prophylaxis and/or treatment for RT-induced muscle fibrosis and dysphagia. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:27-31. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hyperoxaluria Induces Endothelial Dysfunction in Preglomerular Arteries: Involvement of Oxidative Stress (2022)

The current data support that hyperoxaluria induces oxidative stress-mediated endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory response in renal preglomerular arteries which is promoted by the xanthine oxidase, Nox1 and Nox2 pathways.
Uptake of inorganic and organic phosphorus compounds by two marine sponges and their associated bacterial communities in aquaria (2022)

Marine sponges are abundant filter-feeders in benthic ecosystems and many host copious microorganisms. Sponges and their symbionts have emerged as major players within marine biogeochemical cycles, facilitating uptake and release of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. Sponge holobionts' role in transforming dissolved carbon and nitrogen is well established; however, the same depth of understanding has not yet been extended to phosphorus. In this aquaria-based study, <sup>32</sup> P-labelled orthophosphate and ATP were used to determine that two sponges, Lendenfeldia chondrodes and Hymeniacidon heliophila, both take up ambient dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP). Subsequent genetic analyses and chemical extraction showed that sponge symbionts have the potential to synthesise polyphosphate (poly-P) and that this energy-rich form of stored phosphorus is present in both sponges. L. chondrodes, an oligotrophic sponge with a microbiome dominated by cyanobacteria, stores more phosphorus as poly-P (6%-8% of total phosphorus) than H. heliophila (0.55%), a eutrophic sponge with low cyanobacterial abundance. DIP/DOP uptake, as well as poly-P storage, may be driven by two factors: cyanobacterial abundance and nutrient availability. Considering their prevalence in phosphorus-limited ecosystems and their ability to pump large amounts of seawater, sponge holobionts are likely to be key players within benthic phosphorus cycles.
A Redox-switchable Molecular Receptor Based on Anthraquinone (1998)

Abstract The reaction of two equivalents each of bisphenol A with 1,5-dichloroanthraquinone in the presence of base leads to a molecular box designed to be electroactive. The compound is fully characterized, it exhibits reversible redox behavior, and its solid state structure has been obtained. Two molecules of toluene are present in the crystal lattice but these are not located within the receptor's cavity. Evidence for an interaction of ferrocene (guest) with a precursor to the molecular box is described.
The eddy structure in Stokes flow in a cavity (1993)

Stokes flow in a two-dimensional cavity of rectangular section, induced by the motion of one of the walls, is considered. A direct, efficient calculational procedure, based on an eigenfunction expansion, is used to study the eddy structure in the cavity. It is shown that some of the results of earlier studies are quantitatively in error. More importantly, two interesting questions, namely the extent of the symmetry of the corner eddies and their relationship to the large-eddy structure are settled. By carefully examining the rather sudden change in the main eddy structure for cavities of depth around 1.629, it is shown that the main eddies are formed by the merger of the primary corner eddies; the secondary corner eddies then become the primary corner eddies and so on. Thus, in the evolution of the large-eddy structure the corner eddies, in some sense, play the role of progenitors. This explicit prediction should be experimentally verifiable.
Frequency resolved wavefront retrieval and dynamics of diffractive focused ultrashort pulses (2012)

In this work we demonstrate the ability of the spatiotemporal characterization technique STARFISH to retrieve the wavelength dependent wavefront of focused ultrashort laser pulses. The high resolution achievable with this technique allows measuring the wavefront at the focal spot. In particular, the method is applied to study the effects of focusing with a kinoform diffractive lens. The evolution from converging to diverging wavefronts as the pulse propagates along the focal region is analyzed for each wavelength. The spatiotemporal intensity and spatially resolved spectrum structure of the pulses, as well as their profiles on axis, are also presented. Numerical simulations of the propagation of such pulses confirm the experimental results.