gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Side drift of aerosols in two-dimensional resonant acoustic levitators (1997)

The periodic structure of dispersed particle distributions in a quickly oscillating plane sonic field has been the object of many classical investigations. It is well-known that particles dispersed in a standing one-dimensional sonic wave tend to concentrate either at nodes or at anti-nodes of the fluid velocity. If the amplitude of oscillations is sufficiently small, such that no shock waves can develop, the interaction of a two-dimensional sonic mode with particles in a resonant chamber is analyzed. The chamber considered is bounded by two parallel cylindrical mirrors, which enable the existence of the “bouncing ball” mode concentrated in the neighborhood of the minimal diameter connecting the mirrors centers. If the size of the diameter exceeds the sonic wavelength, the mode magnitude decays rapidly away from the diameter. The domain is filled with fluid, which contains spherical particles. The quantitative theoretical description of the phenomenon of steady forces acting on dispersed particles in the chamber is achieved. The chamber boundary mirrors cause dispersed particles to move in a direction transverse to the diameter, where the “bouncing ball” mode is concentrated. It is shown that in addition to the well-known one-dimensional particle motion along the diameter toward the velocity nodes or anti-nodes, there exists a side drift, which depends on the fluid-to-particle density ratio, the “bouncing ball” mode frequency and the radii of curvature of the resonator’s mirrors.
Erratum: Chiral state conversion without encircling an exceptional point [Phys. Rev. A 96, 052129 (2017)] (2017)

The numerical precision of the iterative algorithm (Runge-Kutta) was identified as insufficient when obtaining the results that were presented in Figs. 2(a)-2(c) of the original article. When we increased the precision to account for high levels of field amplification, no mode conversion was observed when the parameter loop was far away from the exceptional point (EP), which was mistakenly shown to be true as in Fig. In fact, for the parameter values listed there, the modal output should be | 1 | 1 and | 2 | 2 (corresponding to no mode conversion and no chirality).
Dependence management in component-based distributed systems (2000)

The authors present a generic model for reifying dependencies in distributed component systems. They discuss how a representation model makes it possible to develop efficient, reliable and dynamically configurable component-based systems.
Optimal quantization of LSP parameters using delayed decisions (2002)

A previously published study by the authors (Proc. ICASSP, p.394-7, 1988) of optimal quantization of line spectral pair (LSP) parameters is extended by incorporating delayed decisions coding (in frequency). The A* algorithm is proposed for finding the best quantization bit pattern of LSP frequency differences. The best coding pattern is obtained efficiently without an exhaustive, hence prohibitive, search. The proposed search achieves a better rate-distortion performance than the best results obtained in the previous study. At 30 bits/frame, a net gain of 2 bits/frame over the previous results, the novel method achieves 1-dB average spectral distortion. Most importantly, the number of frames with large spectral distortions (>2 dB), which can be subjectively disturbing and degrade the perceived quality of a speech coder, is significantly reduced. The search complexity of the A* algorithm is moderate. While the peak load is comparable to a nonoptimal M-algorithm, the average load is about an order of magnitude lower.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Prediction of nonlinear nonstationary time series data using a digital filter and support vector regression (2013)

Volatility is a key parameter when measuring the size of the errors made in modelling returns and other nonlinear nonstationary time series data. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving- Average (ARIMA) model is a linear process in time series; whilst in the nonlinear system, the Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) and Markov Switching GARCH (MS-GARCH) models have been widely applied. In statistical learning theory, Support Vector Regression (SVR) plays an important role in predicting nonlinear and nonstationary time series data. We propose a new class model comprised of a combination of a novel derivative Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), averaging intrinsic mode function (aIMF) and a novel of multiclass SVR using mean reversion and coefficient of variance (CV) to predict financial data i.e. EUR-USD exchange rates. The proposed novel aIMF is capable of smoothing and reducing noise, whereas the novel of multiclass SVR model can predict exchange rates. Our simulation results show that our model significantly outperforms simulations by state-of-art ARIMA, GARCH, Markov Switching generalised Autoregressive conditional Heteroskedasticity (MS-GARCH), Markov Switching Regression (MSR) models and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) regression.
Rapid assembly of carbon nanotubes for nanosensing by dielectrophoretic force (2004)

The carbon nanotube (CNT) has been widely studied for its electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties since its discovery. However, to manipulate these nanosize tubes, atomic force microscopy (AFM) is typically used to manipulate them one-by-one. This is time-consuming and unrealistic for batch fabrication. In this paper, we will present the manipulation of carbon nanotubes using dielectrophoretic manipulation to rapidly build practical nanosensors. Thus far, we have demonstrated thermal sensors for temperature and fluid-flow measurements. We have also shown that this electrokinetic based manipulation technique is compatible with MEMS fabrication processes, and hence, MEMS structures embedded with carbon nanotube sensing elements can be built in the future with new functionalities.
Expression Profiling of Long Noncoding RNA Splice Variants in Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells: Lipopolysaccharide EffectsIn Vitro (2017)

Endothelial cell interactions with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) involve both activating and repressing signals resulting in pronounced alterations in their transcriptome and proteome. Noncoding RNAs are now appreciated as posttranscriptional and translational regulators of cellular signaling and responses, but their expression status and roles during endothelial interactions with LPS are not well understood. We report on the expression profile of long noncoding (lnc) RNAs of human microvascular endothelial cells in response to LPS. We have identified a total of 10,781 and 8310 lncRNA transcripts displaying either positive or negative regulation of expression, respectively, at 3 and 24 h posttreatment. A majority of LPS-induced lncRNAs are multiexonic and distributed across the genome as evidenced by their presence on all chromosomes. Present among these are a total of 44 lncRNAs with known regulatory functions, of which 41 multiexonic lncRNAs have multiple splice variants. We have further validated splice variant-specific expression of EGO (NONHSAT087634) and HOTAIRM1 (NONHSAT119666) at 3 h and significant upregulation of lnc-IL7R at 24 h. This study illustrates the genome-wide regulation of endothelial lncRNA splice variants in response to LPS and provides a foundation for further investigations of differentially expressed lncRNA transcripts in endothelial responses to LPS and pathophysiology of sepsis/septic shock.
Refined annotation and assembly of the Tetrahymena thermophila genome sequence through EST analysis, comparative genomic hybridization, and targeted gap closure (2008)

We report here significant progress in genome closure and reannotation of Tetrahymena thermophila. Our experience to date suggests that complete closure of the MAC genome is attainable. Using the new EST evidence, automated and manual curation has resulted in substantial improvements to the over 24,000 gene models, which will be valuable to researchers studying this model organism as well as for comparative genomics purposes.
Behavioral Modeling for Power Amplifiers Comparing MPM, Wiener and Hammerstein with FPGA-Based Implementation (2016)

This paper aims on three different behavioral models with memory for radio frequency power amplifiers. These models are based on the principle of Volterra series, which were simulated in the Matlab-Simulink environment and implemented on a DSP-FPGA Altera Stratix III board. The MPM, Hammerstein and Wiener models were compared based on the distortion curves AM-AM and AM-PM of a RF-PA 10W through different levels of nonlinearity and memory depth. The results show the metric NMSE in the range of -30 dB for the three models of a NXP 10W GaN HEMT @ 3.0 GHz PA demonstrating its high accuracy during the FPGA implementation.
Effect of Long-Term Agricultural Management on the Soil Microbiota Influenced by the Time of Soil Sampling (2022)

Application of agrochemicals and mechanization enabled increasing agricultural productivity yet caused various environmental and soil health-related problems. Agricultural practices affect soil microorganisms, which are the key players of many ecosystem processes. However, less is known about whether this effect differs between time points. Therefore, soil was sampled in winter (without crop) and in summer (in the presence of maize) from a long-term field experiment (LTE) in Bernburg (Germany) managed either under cultivator tillage (CT) or moldboard plow (MP) in combination with either intensive nitrogen (N)-fertilization and pesticides (Int) or extensive reduced N-fertilization without fungicides (Ext), respectively. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS2 amplicons showed that changes in the microbial community composition were correlated to differences in soil chemical properties caused by tillage practice. Microbial communities of soils sampled in winter differed only depending on the tillage practice while, in summer, also a strong effect of the fertilization intensity was observed. A small proportion of microbial taxa was shared between soils from the two sampling times, suggesting the existence of a stable core microbiota at the LTE. In general, taxa associated with organic matter decomposition (such as Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Rhizopus , and Exophiala ) had a higher relative abundance under CT. Among the taxa with significant changes in relative abundances due to different long-term agricultural practices were putative pathogenic (e.g., Gibellulopsis and Gibberella ) and beneficial microbial genera (e.g., Chitinophagaceae, Ferruginibacter , and Minimedusa ). In summary, this study suggests that the effects of long-term agricultural management practices on the soil microbiota are influenced by the soil sampling time, and this needs to be kept in mind in future studies for the interpretation of field data.
Soybeans as a food source (1971)

Food uses of soybean oil protein are reviewed. Coverage includes soybean production, storage, and processing. Emphasis is on conversion of crude soybean oil into salad and cooking oils, shortening, margerine and lecithin products, the processing of defatted soybean flakes into flours and grits, protein concentrates and isolated proteins, and the various uses of the nutritional properties of the proteins are discussed.
DNA replication and cancer. (1999)

Current knowledge of the mechanisms of DNA replication and their implications in oncogenesis is reviewed. Progress in this area will continue to provide new tools in the clinical characterization and treatment of a variety of neoplasms.
Verification and validation and complex environments: a study in service sector (1998)

Verification and validation are two very important steps in simulation modeling. Consequently, they are under constant review and examination from many different perspectives. Researchers have identified several modes of conducting verification and validation and proposed taxonomies for techniques used in their execution. This paper visits the issues in the light of a case study being carried out specifically in the health sector. The paper argues that the health sector is characterized by a level of complexity in handling resources (as understood in simulation modeling) which is not frequently found in the manufacturing sector. This complexity makes validation and verification of simulation models a difficult and challenging task. While the earlier articulation of modes of verification and validation and their taxonomy are generally helpful, there is still some work which could be fruitfully undertaken in understanding various situations and, especially, the perspectives which the end-users or clients bring to bear upon any modeling exercise.
Autophagy: cellular and molecular mechanisms (2010)

Autophagy is a self-degradative process that is important for balancing sources of energy at critical times in development and in response to nutrient stress. Autophagy also plays a housekeeping role in removing misfolded or aggregated proteins, clearing damaged organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes, as well as eliminating intracellular pathogens. Thus, autophagy is generally thought of as a survival mechanism, although its deregulation has been linked to non-apoptotic cell death. Autophagy can be either non-selective or selective in the removal of specific organelles, ribosomes and protein aggregates, although the mechanisms regulating aspects of selective autophagy are not fully worked out. In addition to elimination of intracellular aggregates and damaged organelles, autophagy promotes cellular senescence and cell surface antigen presentation, protects against genome instability and prevents necrosis, giving it a key role in preventing diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration, cardiomyopathy, diabetes, liver disease, autoimmune diseases and infections. This review summarizes the most up-to-date findings on how autophagy is executed and regulated at the molecular level and how its disruption can lead to disease.
Emergent Non-Fermi-Liquid at the Quantum Critical Point of a Topological Phase Transition in Two Dimensions (2016)

We study the effects of Coulomb interaction between 2D Weyl fermions with anisotropic dispersion which displays relativistic dynamics along one direction and nonrelativistic dynamics along the other. Such a dispersion can be realized in phosphorene under electric field or strain, in TiO_{2}/VO_{2} superlattices, and, more generally, at the quantum critical point between a nodal semimetal and an insulator in systems with a chiral symmetry. Using the one-loop renormalization group approach in combination with the large-N expansion, we find that the system displays interaction-driven non-Fermi liquid behavior in a wide range of intermediate frequencies and marginal Fermi liquid behavior at the smallest frequencies. In the non-Fermi liquid regime, the quasiparticle residue Z at energy E scales as Z∝E^{a} with a>0, and the parameters of the fermionic dispersion acquire anomalous dimensions. In the marginal Fermi-liquid regime, Z∝(|logE|)^{-b} with universal b=3/2.
Development of antihuman IgG antibodies and hematologic deficits but not clinical abnormalities in C57BL/6 mice after repeated administration of human intravenous immunoglobulin. (2012)

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) preparations consist of purified human immunoglobulins collected from large numbers of healthy persons and are used to treat autoimmune, immunodeficiency, and inflammatory disorders. Studying the effects of IvIg effects in experimental animal models might clarify its mechanisms of action in these disorders, but whether 'serum sickness' or other abnormalities occur after repeated IvIg administration to immunocompetent animals is unknown. In the current study, male C57BL/6 mice (8 to 10 wk old; n = 27) received IvIg (1 g/kg IP) weekly for 6 wk. They were observed for clinical abnormalities, and body weight, temperature, renal function, hematologic parameters, and serum antihuman IgG antibodies were measured before and during treatment. Postmortem evaluations were performed on kidney, spleen, liver, and heart. No clinical or histologic abnormalities were noted despite a transient increase in BUN. Mean antibody levels to human IgG on days 21 and 43 after IvIg administration were increased by 23-fold compared with pretreatment levels. 88% and 89% of the mice were antibody responders on those days. Unexpectedly, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RBC, WBC, lymphocyte, and platelet counts decreased after IvIg administration. These findings suggest that although it does not produce serum sickness, repeated IvIg administration to immunocompetent mice induces a strong humoral immune response and hematologic deficits of unknown etiology. These factors could cause the effects of IvIg preparations in mouse models of human disease to differ from their effects in the human disorders.
Electrical Monitoring of sp3 Defect Formation in Individual Carbon Nanotubes (2016)

Many carbon nanotube (CNT) applications require precisely controlled chemical functionalization that is minimally disruptive to electrical performance. A promising approach is the generation of sp3 hybridized carbon atoms in the sp2-bonded lattice. We have investigated the possibility of using a carboxylic acid-functionalized diazonium reagent to introduce a defined number of sp3 defects into electrically contacted CNTs. Having performed real-time measurements on individually contacted CNTs, we show that the formation of an individual defect is accompanied by an upward jump in resistance of approximately 6 kΩ. Additionally, we observe downward jumps in resistance of the same size, indicating that some defects are unstable. Our results are explained by a two-step reaction mechanism. Isolated aryl groups, formed in the first step, are unstable and dissociate on the minute time scale. Stable defect generation requires a second step: the coupling of a second aryl group adjacent to the first. Additional mechanistic understanding is provided by a systematic investigation of the gate voltage dependence of the reaction, showing that defect formation can be turned on and off. In summary, we demonstrate an unprecedented level of control over sp3 defect formation in electrically contacted CNTs, and prove that sp3 defects are minimally disruptive to the electrical performance of CNTs.
Formic acid microfluidic fuel cell based on well-defined Pd nanocubes (2013)

Microfluidic fuel cells (μFFC) are emerging as a promising solution for small-scale power demands. The T-shaped architecture of the μFFC promotes a laminar flow regimen between the catholyte and anolyte streams excluding the use of a membrane, this property allows a simplest design and the use of several micromachining techniques based on a lab-on-chip technologies. This work presents a combination of new materials and low cost fabrication processes to develop a light, small, flexible and environmental friendly device able to supply the energy demand of some portable devices. Well-defined and homogeneous Pd nanocubes which exhibited the (100) preferential crystallographic plane were supported on Vulcan carbon and used as anodic electrocatalyst in a novel and compact design of a SU-8 μFFC feeded with formic acid as fuel. The SU-8 photoresist properties and the organic microelectronic technology were important factors to reduce the dimensions of the μFFC structure. The results obtained from polarization and power density curves exhibited the highest power density (8.3 mW cm−2) reported in literature for direct formic acid μFFCs.
Sharing networked workstations: a performance model (2002)

The utilization of networked, shared, heterogeneous workstations as an inexpensive parallel computational platform is an appealing idea. However, most performance models for parallel computation are oriented towards the use of tightly-coupled, dedicated, homogeneous processors. We develop and validate an analytic performance model for synchronous iterative algorithms executing on networked workstations. The model includes the effects of application load, background load, and processor heterogeneity. The model is validated using a pair of applications: a nonlinear optimization code and discrete-event simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Impact of Dredging on Phosphorus Transport in Agricultural Drainage Ditches of the Atlantic Coastal Plain1 (2008)

Abstract: Drainage ditches can be a key conduit of phosphorus (P) between agricultural soils of the Atlantic Coastal Plain and local surface waters, including the Chesapeake Bay. This study sought to quantify the effect of a common ditch management practice, sediment dredging, on fate of P in drainage ditches. Sediments from two drainage ditches that had been monitored for seven years and had similar characteristics (flow, P loadings, sediment properties) were sampled (0‐5 cm) after one of the ditches had been dredged, which removed fine textured sediments (clay = 41%) with high organic matter content (85 g/kg) and exposed coarse textured sediments (clay = 15%) with low organic matter content (2.2 g/kg). Sediments were subjected to a three‐phase experiment (equilibrium, uptake, and release) in recirculating 10‐m‐long, 0.2‐m‐wide, and 5‐cm‐deep flumes to evaluate their role as sources and sinks of P. Under conditions of low initial P concentrations in flume water, sediments from the dredged ditch released 13 times less P to the water than did sediments from the ditch that had not been dredged, equivalent to 24 mg dissolved P. However, the sediments from the dredged ditch removed 19% less P (76 mg) from the flume water when it was spiked with dissolved P to approximate long‐term runoff concentrations. Irradiation of sediments to destroy microorganisms revealed that biological processes accounted for up to 30% of P uptake in the coarse textured sediments of the dredged ditch and 18% in the fine textured sediments of the undredged ditch. Results indicate that dredging of coastal plain drainage ditches can potentially impact the P buffering capacity of ditches draining agricultural soils with a high potential for P runoff.
Synthesis and biological activity of a novel water-soluble methano[60]fullerene tetracarboxylic derivative (2013)

A reaction of 3,3',4,4'-tetrakis(methoxycarbonyl)benzophenone tosylhydrazone with fullerene C60 was used to obtain a novel methano-[60]fullerene derivative bearing four carboxylic groups, whose sodium and potassium salts are water-soluble. The compound possesses antiviral and anticancer activity as well as pronounced antioxidant properties in combination with a low toxicity.
<title>Method For Calculating Diffraction Effects In Opto-Mechanical Systems Of Arbitrary Geometry</title> (1981)

A method that substantially reduces the computational effort required to determine diffraction (including wide-angle and near-field) from arbitrary apertures or obstacles is presented. The theoretical process involves rigorously transforming the two-dimensional Kirchoff diffraction integral over the area of the aperture into a one-dimensional integral along the edge of the aperture. The resulting integral is then approximated by the first two terms of an asymptotic expansion given by the method of stationary phase. Diffraction pattern predictions based on this method are compared with those of more conventional methods, e.g. Fourier techniques, for several different geometries. An algorithm derived from the theory has been incorporated into a computer program called PADE (Program for the Analysis of Diffracted Energy) which together with the APART stray radiation analysis program can be used to not only determine multiple diffraction effects but also combinations of both scattering and diffraction in complex opto-mechanical systems. An extension of the algorithm to apertures with serrated-edge or thin-film apodisation is also discussed.