gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Why watermark? (2002)

An important research component in the creation of the National Gallery of the Spoken Word (NGSW) is the development of watermarking technologies for the audio library. In this paper we argue that audio watermarking is a particularly desirable means of intellectual property protection. There is evidence that the courts consider watermarks to be a legitimate form of copyright protection. Watermarking facilitates redress, and represents a form of copyright protection that universities can use without being inconsistent in their mission to disseminate knowledge.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryl Triolborates: Novel Reagent for Copper‐Catalyzed N Arylation of Amines, Anilines, and Imidazoles. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cybersickness in Immersive Training Environments (2023)

Immersive technologies such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are becoming ever more popular, and as the availability of these low-cost, high-quality wearables and mobile displays grows, so too does the range of application areas for these technologies. Previously focused in the traditional gaming genres, application areas for immersive technologies are expanding, especially in training and education. As the acceptance and utilization of immersive technologies expand into the operational space, it is critical that these immersive platforms be designed and used with a clear understanding of their benefits and limitations. Cybersickness during and following prolonged exposure to immersive training environments is not only possible, it is quite probable due to several factors such as restricted field of view and vergence–accommodation mismatches. It is thus crucial for the scientific and research communities to fully understand and characterize the potential for and magnitude of any cybersickness symptoms that may be imparted by either VR or AR systems. This chapter provides an overview of cybersickness symptoms, individual factors, design mitigation strategies, and usage protocols.
Noncyanide Silver Plating Solution Using Hydantoin and Hydantoin Derivatives. (1999)

We studied silver-hydantoin noncyanide silver plating solution to determine the effect of potassium chloride, potassium sulfite, and potassium thiosulfate on deposit appearance using SEM imaging, brightness, and X-ray diffraction.We also studied the effects of hydantoin, 1-methylhydantoin, and 5, 5-dimethylhydantoin on limiting current density using a potential-current curve.Adding potassium chloride yielded a white, homogenized rock-like appearance. Potassium sulfite and potassium thiosulfate yielded a semibright apearance.Hydantoin gave higher limiting current density than 5, 5-dimethylhydantoin when used as a silver complex. If the plating solution used hydantoin alone, the solution precipitated easily.Mixing 1-methylhydantoin with hydantoin prevented precipitation.Soluble silver anode can also be applied to this bath.
Multiplex PCR of three dinucleotide repeats in the Prader-Willi/Angelman critical region (15q11–q13): molecular diagnosis and mechanism of uniparental disomy (1993)

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are distinct mental retardation disorders caused by a deficiency of paternal (PWS) or maternal (AS) contributions for chromosome 15 by either deletion or uniparental disomy (UPD). To further study the molecular mechanisms involved in these disorders and to improve molecular diagnostic methods, we have isolated three dinucleotide repeat markers in the PWS/AS critical region. An Alu-CA PCR method was used to isolate CA-repeat markers directly from yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) clones identified by probes IR4-3R (D15S11), LS6-1 (D15S113), and GABAA receptor B3 (GABRB3). Three markers with 6-11 alleles and 73-83% heterozygosities were identified and analyzed by multiplex PCR. Gene-centromere mapping was performed on a panel of ovarian teratomas of known meiotic origin, and showed the most proximal marker, IR4-3R, to be 13 cM (95% confidence limits: 7-19 cM) from the centromere of chromosome 15. Molecular diagnostic studies were performed on 20 PWS and 9 AS patients. In 17 patients with deletions, the parental origin of deletion was determined. Ten PWS patients were shown to have maternal heterodisomy. Since these markers are only 13 cM from the centromere, heterodisomy indicates that maternal meiosis I nondisjunction is involved in the origin of UPD. In contrast, two paternal disomy cases of AS showed isodisomy for all markers tested along the length of chromosome 15. This suggests a paternal meiosis II nondisjunction event (without crossing over) or, more likely, monosomic conception (due to maternal nondisjunction) followed by chromosome duplication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Notiz über Umsetzungen von 4‐Methoxy‐1‐(1‐naphthyl)‐4,4‐diphenyl‐2‐butin‐1‐on mit Salzsäure (1974)

Abstract Die Reaktion des Äthinylketons 1 mit HCl liefert bei erhöhter Temperatur in wäßrigem Tetrahydrofuran und in Benzol bevorzugt das Phenalenon 2 , bei Raumtemperatur in Benzol oder Eisessig das Butenon 3 .
A community challenge to evaluate RNA-seq, fusion detection, and isoform quantification methods for cancer discovery (2021)

The accurate identification and quantitation of RNA isoforms present in the cancer transcriptome is key for analyses ranging from the inference of the impacts of somatic variants to pathway analysis to biomarker development and subtype discovery. The ICGC-TCGA DREAM Somatic Mutation Calling in RNA (SMC-RNA) challenge was a crowd-sourced effort to benchmark methods for RNA isoform quantification and fusion detection from bulk cancer RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data. It concluded in 2018 with a comparison of 77 fusion detection entries and 65 isoform quantification entries on 51 synthetic tumors and 32 cell lines with spiked-in fusion constructs. We report the entries used to build this benchmark, the leaderboard results, and the experimental features associated with the accurate prediction of RNA species. This challenge required submissions to be in the form of containerized workflows, meaning each of the entries described is easily reusable through CWL and Docker containers at https://github.com/SMC-RNA-challenge. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
Ursodeoxycholic acid and methotrexate for primary sclerosing cholangitis: a pilot study. (1996)

This pilot study found no evidence to support the use of MTX in combination with UDCA for patients with PSC.
Evaluation of the Physicochemical and Structural Properties and the Sensory Characteristics of Meat Analogues Prepared with Various Non-Animal Based Liquid Additives (2020)

This study investigates the effects of various non-animal-based liquid additives on the physicochemical, structural, and sensory properties of meat analogue. Meat analogue was prepared by blending together textured vegetable protein (TVP), soy protein isolate (SPI), and other liquid additives. Physicochemical (rheological properties, cooking loss (CL), water holding capacity (WHC), texture and color), structural (visible appearance and microstructure), and sensory properties were evaluated. Higher free water content of meat analogue due to water treatment resulted in a decrease in viscoelasticity, the highest CL value, the lowest WHC and hardness value, and a porous structure. Reversely, meat analogue with oil treatment had an increase in viscoelasticity, the lowest CL value, the highest WHC and hardness value, and a dense structure due to hydrophobic interactions. SPI had a positive effect on the gel network formation of TVP matrix, but lecithin had a negative effect resulting in a decrease in viscoelasticity, WHC, hardness value and an increase in CL value and pore size at microstructure. The results of sensory evaluation revealed that juiciness was more affected by water than oil. Oil treatment showed high intensity for texture parameters. On the other hand, emulsion treatment showed high preference scores for texture parameters and overall acceptance.
Specific Immunity to Streptozocin: Cellular Requirements for Induction of Lymphoproliferation (1988)

The mechanism(s) of the immunological reactions involved in the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia induced by multiple intraperitoneal injections of subdiabetogenic doses of streptozocin (STZ) in mice remains to be elucidated. We found that STZ can act as a hapten in vivo by using the popliteal lymph node (PLN) assay. With this assay a direct toxic effect of STZ on the pancreatic β-cells was dissociated from the effects exerted on the immune system. Subcutaneous injections of STZ induced immune reactivity in the draining PLN as determined by increase in weight, cell number, and [3H]thymidine incorporation. T-lymphocytes were required to induce the PLN response to STZ, because athymic nu/nu mice completely failed to respond to STZ, in contrast to their euthymic +/nu counterparts (P &amp;lt; .001). The STZ-induced PLN response was sex independent and unaffected by prior subcutaneous injections of 3-O-methylglucose known to protect pancreatic β-cells against STZ. STZ-primed mice exhibited an accelerated and enhanced STZ-specific secondary PLN response on challenge with subimmunogenic doses of STZ. In adoptive transfer experiments, STZ-sensitized splenic lymphocytes enriched for T-lymphocytes induced an STZ-specific significant (P &amp;lt; .005) PLN enlargement provided the syngeneic recipients had been pretreated with subimmunogenic doses of STZ. Presumably, such STZ-specific immune reactions enhance a subtoxic effect of STZ on the pancreatic β-cells.
Isolation and characterization of hydroxylamine‐induced mutations in the Erwinia herbicola ice nucleation gene that selectively reduce warm temperature ice nucleation activity (1993)

Cells of ice nucleation active bacterial species catalyse ice formation over the temperature range of -2 to -12 degrees C. Current models of ice nucleus structure associate the size of ice nucleation protein aggregates with the temperature at which they catalyse ice formation. To better define the structural features of ice nucleation proteins responsible for the functional heterogeneity of ice nuclei within a genetically homogeneous collection of cells we used in vitro chemical mutagenesis to isolate mutants with reduced ability to nucleate ice at warm assay temperatures but which retain normal or near normal nucleation activity at cold temperatures (WIND, i.e. warm ice nucleus-deficient mutants). Nearly half of the mutants obtained after hydroxylamine mutagenesis of the iceE gene from Erwinia herbicola had this phenotype. The phenotypes and location of lesions on the genetic map of iceE were determined for a number of mutants. All WIND mutations were restricted to the portion of iceE encoding the repetitive region of the polypeptide. DNA sequencing of two WIND mutants revealed single nucleotide substitutions changing a conserved serine or glycine residue to phenylalanine and serine, respectively. The implications of these findings in structure/function models for the ice nucleation protein are discussed.
Moving target detection in over-the-horizon radar using adaptive chirplet transform (2003)

In over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) moving target detection, the signal to clutter ratio (SCR) is low. One method to detect a moving target is to first reject the clutter and improve the SCR before the detection, such as the adaptive Fourier transform developed by Root (see SPIE Conference, San Diego, p.19-24, July 1998) when a target moves uniformly. When a target does not move uniformly, the Fourier based techniques for the target detection including super resolution techniques may not work well. We replace the Fourier transform by the adaptive chirplet transform in the Doppler processing in OTHR when a target moves non-uniformly.
The Rise and Fall of American Lutheran Pietism: The Rejection of an Activist Heritage. By Paul P. Kuenning. Macon, Georgia: Mercer University Press, 1988. ix + 271 pp. (1990)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Cognitive impairment in long-term benzodiazepine users (1988)

In view of the very extensive and often prolonged use of benzodiazepines in therapeutic practice, this study was designed to investigate whether or not cognitive ability is impaired in long-term benzodiazepine users, and to determine the nature and extent of any deficit. Fifty patients currently taking benzodiazepines for at least one year, thirty-four who had stopped taking benzodiazepines, and a matched control group of subjects who had never taken benzodiazepines or who had taken benzodiazepines in the past for less than one year were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests designed to measure a wide range of cognitive functions. It was found that patients taking high doses of benzodiazepines for long periods of time perform poorly on tasks involving visual-spatial ability and sustained attention. This is consistent with deficits in posterior cortical cognitive function.
Short-Packet Communications Over Multiple-Antenna Rayleigh-Fading Channels (2015)

Motivated by the current interest in ultra-reliable, low-latency, machine-type communication systems, we investigate the tradeoff between reliability, throughput, and latency in the transmission of information over multiple-antenna Rayleigh block-fading channels. Specifically, we obtain finite-blocklength, finite-SNR upper and lower bounds on the maximum coding rate achievable over such channels for a given constraint on the packet error probability. Numerical evidence suggests that our bounds delimit tightly the maximum coding rate already for short blocklengths (packets of about 100 symbols). Furthermore, our bounds reveal the existence of a tradeoff between the rate gain obtainable by spreading each codeword over all available time-frequency-spatial degrees of freedom, and the rate loss caused by the need of estimating the fading coefficients over these degrees of freedom. In particular, our bounds allow us to determine the optimal number of transmit antennas and the optimal number of time-frequency diversity branches that maximize the rate. Finally, we show that infinite-blocklength performance metrics such as the ergodic capacity and the outage capacity yield inaccurate throughput estimates.
Content and Distribution of Toxicants in Soils near the Torbeevo Solid Waste Landfill in Moscow Oblast (2018)

In this paper, the contents of nitrates, chlorides, mobile phosphates, petroleum products (PPs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils at different distances (100, 200, 300, 750 m) from the Torbeevo (the Lubertsy region of Moscow oblast) solid waste landfill (SWL) along two rhumb lines are determined. The distribution of toxicants in the profiles of soddy–podzolic and soddy–gleyey soils near the landfill is considered. The study reveals the alkalization of the medium in the upper soil layer at a distance of 100–200 m from the landfill, contamination of roadside zones with petroleum products, and multiple excess of the background PAH content and benz(a)pyrene maximum permissible concentration at a distance of 100 m from the landfill near a road. For high-molecular PAHs, the contamination halos extend to 750 m from the SWL.
An 18-locus linkage map of the pericentromeric region of the human X chromosome: Genetic framework for mapping X-linked disorders (1991)

We report a high-resolution genetic linkage map of the region Xp11.4 to Xq13.3, spanning the centromere of the X chromosome and encompassing approximately 30 cM. This 18-locus map is composed of 11 intervals that are spaced on average about 3 cM apart. Markers incorporated into the map together detect 19 distinct polymorphisms and include five genes (TIMP, SYP, AR, CCG1, PGK1), the OATL1 cluster, the hypervariable locus DXS255, the centromeric locus DXZ1, and 10 other anonymous DNA segments. Given that this map spans roughly one-fifth of the length of the X chromosome and includes many loci currently used in both diagnosis and mapping of X-linked disorders, it should be useful for genetic counseling and for guiding efforts to clone disease genes in this region.
Fine structures on zero-field steps in low-loss Josephson tunnel junctions (1993)

The first zero-field step in the current-voltage characteristic of intermediate-length, high-quality, low-loss Nb/Al-${\mathrm{AlO}}_{\mathit{x}}$/Nb Josephson tunnel junctions has been carefully investigated as a function of temperature. When decreasing the temperature, a number of structures develop in the form of regular and slightly hysteretic steps whose voltage position depends on the junction temperature and length. This phenomenon is interesting for the study of nonlinear dynamics and for application of long Josephson tunnel junctions as microwave and millimeter-wavelength oscillators.
Electrochemotherapy efficacy evaluation for treatment of locally advanced stage III cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a 22-cases retrospective analysis (2017)

Electrochemotherapy represents a safe and effective therapeutic approach, associated with a good tolerability.
Abstract 2916: CAR-NK cells generated with CAR-RNA-LNP express high cytotoxic activity against tumor cells (2023)

Abstract NK (natural killer) cells have several advantages compared to T cells such as no cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity and GVHD in allogenic setting to kill tumors. We developed CAR-NK platform using RNA-LNP (lipid-nanoparticles) technology. High expansion of NK cells (up to 2000-fold) was achieved using K562 feeder cells with stable expression of 4-1BBL and IL-21. We showed efficient encapsulation of BCMA and CD19-CAR RNA into LNP that resulted in up to 99% expression of CAR+ CD56+ NK cells after transfection. The BCMA-CAR-NK cells more effectively than NK cells killed MM1S, H929 and RPMI8226 multiple myeloma cells and secreted IFN-gamma in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, frozen BCMA-CAR-NK cells were viable and expressed similar cytotoxic activity to not frozen expanded CAR-NK cells. In addition, frozen-thawed BCMA-CAR-NK cells showed 93% CAR expression at 24 hours post-thaw which remained &amp;gt;70% at 48 hours post-thaw. In a similar way, CD19-CAR-NK cells generated with CD19-CAR-LNP killed CD19-positive Raji and Daudi target cells and secreted high level of IFN-gamma. This, frozen/thawed CAR-NK cells demonstrated high in vitro cytotoxic activity against target cells. Manufacturing of NK cells using G-Rex system resulted in 1862-fold expansion at day 13 and 2450-fold expansion of 97% CD56+ NK cells at day 14. Transfection of BCMA-CAR RNA-LNP into 13 day expanded NK cells resulted in 95% BCMA-CAR-NK positive cells. Thus, CAR-NK cells generated with RNA-LNP technology can be used in future pre-clinical studies. Citation Format: Vita M. Golubovskaya, Jinying Sun, John Sienkiewicz, Yanwei Huang, Hua Zhou, Gongping Deng, Hizkia Harto, Shirley Xu, Robert Berahovich, Lijun Wu. CAR-NK cells generated with CAR-RNA-LNP express high cytotoxic activity against tumor cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2916.
Self-Fourier functions and coherent laser combination (2004)

The Gaussian and Comb functions are generally quoted as being the two basic functions that are their own Fourier transforms. In 1991, Caola presented a recipe for generating functions that are their own Fourier transforms by symmetrizing any transformable function and then adding its own Fourier transform to it. In this letter, we present a new method for generating a set of functions that are exactly their own Fourier transforms, and which have direct application to laser cavity design for a wide variety of applications. The generated set includes the Gaussian and Comb functions as special cases and forms a continuous bridge of functions between them. The new generating method uses the Gaussian and Comb functions as bases and does not rely on the Fourier operator itself. This self-Fourier function promises to be particularly useful in high-power laser design through coherent laser beam combination. Although these results are presented in a single dimension as with a linear array, the results are equally valid in two dimensions.
A Non-isolated Voltage Regulator Module with Integrating Coupled-Inductor (2006)

With lower output voltage and higher output current demands, today's VRM is almost based on interleaved multiphase buck converter, which requires strictly steady and dynamic performances to supply microprocessor. In this paper, a non-isolated multiphase VRM with integrating coupled magnetic is introduced to reduce magnetic component and improve steady state and dynamic performances. All these magnetic components can be coupled into a single ferrite core. By proper designing the gap of integrating coupled-inductor, this novel technique can greatly improve the performances of VRM with fast transient response and high efficiency. The simulation and experimental results of two-phase VRM show that integrating coupled-inductor can improve VRM's steady and dynamic performances, compared with the conventional VRM
Formulation and Stability (2016)

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are highly potent, targeted-therapy compounds, designed to bind specifically to cancer cells of interest, minimize side effects, and provide a wider therapeutic window. They are starting to occupy an increasing portion of many biopharmaceutical companies' pipeline. This chapter focuses on stability, formulation, and logistical considerations for ensuring successful manufacture of ADCs. ADCs demonstrate reduced conformational stability compared to their parent monoclonal antibodies (mAb). All properties must be considered in designing an appropriate formulation for the ADC. The chapter also discusses the chemical stability of the linker-payload. mAb development has become routine and accelerated with the use of a platform approach; however, ADC development has been slowed down not only from technical challenges but also from manufacturing/logistical complexity in handling the various production steps. Advances in these areas are critical to enable the clinical application of ADC development to accelerate.
The system iridium ‐ oxygen I. Measurements on the volatile oxide of iridium (1962)

Abstract It is shown experimentally that the volatility of iridium in oxygen at high temperatures is due to the formation of a volatile oxide. The dependence of the partial pressure of this gaseous oxide on the oxygen pressure (in equilibrium with iridium or IrO 2 ) was determined by a transportation method. From the results the formula of the volatile oxide of iridium appeared to be IrO 3 . The equilibria: 2 Ir (s) + 3 O 2 ⇄ 2 IrO 3(g) and 2 IrO 2(s) + O 2 ⇄ 2 IrO 3(g) were measured as a function of the temperature. The results can be expressed as: log K p (mm) = ‐ 2034/T ‐ 7.346 and log K p (mm) = ‐ 27596/T + 16.902, respectively.