gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2244: Pomegranate juice components as novel treatment for prostate cancer metastasis. (2013)

Abstract Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second cause of cancer deaths in men in the United States. To date there is no real cure for the disease beyond surgery and/or radiation. Early stages can be controlled with hormone ablation therapy that suppresses the rate of prostate cancer growth. However, over time, the cancer overcomes its hormone dependence, becomes highly aggressive and metastasizes to the lymph nodes and bone marrow. Pomegranate juice (PJ) is a natural product that inhibits prostate cancer progression. A clinical trial in which patients with recurrent prostate cancer were given 8 oz of PJ by mouth daily resulted in none of the patients progressing to a metastatic stage during the period of the trial. We have previously shown that the PJ components luteolin (L), ellagic acid (E) and punicic acid (P) together inhibit growth of hormone-dependent and -independent prostate cancer cells, their migration and their chemotaxis towards SDF1α, a factor that is important in prostate cancer metastasis to the bone. However, the in vivo effectiveness of these components needs to be determined. Methods: To study the effect of L+E+P in vivo, we used the SCID (Severely Combined Immuno-Deficiency) mouse model in which luciferase expressing prostate cancer cells were injected ectopically. Tumor progression was monitored with Bioluminescence Imaging (BLI) weekly. To study the effect of L+E+P on angiogenesis, we performed a variety of cell and molecular assays using human endothelial cells (HMEC) in culture. Results: We found that L+E+P significantly inhibited PC3-luc2 primary tumor growth and angiogenesis and that none of the tumors treated with L+E+P metastasized. We also found that L+E+P significantly inhibited the SDF1α/CXCR4 axis this mouse model which is consistent with our in vitro findings. In addition, the tube formation assay with HMEC showed that L+E+P not only prevented tube formation but also disrupted pre-formed tubes. The activation of AKT and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) by IL-8, a potent pro-angiogenesis chemokines, was inhibited by L+E+P. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the L+E+P components of PJ can potentially be developed as a novel treatment to inhibit prostate cancer metastasis. These components may be more effective in inhibiting of prostate cancer metastasis than simply drinking the juice. Chemical modification of these may further enhance their bioavailability and efficacy of treatment. Moreover, because the mechanisms of metastasis are similar for most cancers, these PJ components L+E+P may also be effective in treatment of metastasis of other cancers. Citation Format: Lei Wang, Wen Fang Li, David Mulholland, Manuela Martins-Green. Pomegranate juice components as novel treatment for prostate cancer metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2244. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2244
Long-term safety of proton pump inhibitors: risks of gastric neoplasia and infections (2002)

After Helicobacter pylori eradication was introduced and largely eliminated the need for maintenance therapy for peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) became the main indication for prolonged gastric acid inhibition. The drug effect on GERD depends on the degree of acid inhibition, thus the efficacious proton pump inhibitors are preferred. The proton pump inhibitors have few immediate side effects, the main concern being the profound hypoacidity and hypergastrinaemia they induce. In short-term, hypergastrinaemia causes rebound hyperacidity, possibly worsening GERD and reducing the efficacy of histamine H(2) blockers. In the long-term, hypergastrinaemia causes enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia and carcinoids. Since enterochromaffin-like cells may be important in gastric carcinogenesis, iatrogenic hypergastrinaemia may predispose to carcinoma. Gastric hypoacidity also increases gut bacterial infections, and the barrier function of acid against viral and prion infections requires further assessment.
ChemInform Abstract: TEMPLATE SYNTHESIS AND OPTICAL SPECTRA OF ZINC‐2,3‐NAPHTHALOCYANINE (1980)

Abstract Der Titelkomplex (III) wurde durch Reaktion von Naphthalin‐2,3‐dicarbonsäure (I) mit Hanrstoff (II) und Zn‐acetat dargestellt.
Study on difference in musical lyrics translation between premiere and revival, and its possible reasons - Focusing on Sondheim's Sweeny Todd (2016)

This study aims at investigating the difference in translated lyrics of Stephen Sondheim's musical Sweeny Todd between its 2007 premiere and 2016 revival in South Korea and exploring the possible reasons behind the change. The two versions of translated lyrics were analyzed focusing on their phonetic and semantic features such as syllable, beat, note, pronunciation, rhyme and metaphors. The textual analysis showed that the premiere version tended to leave the original version's distinctive rhyme untranslated and faithfully preserve its expression and metaphor. This resulted in negative reviews particularly on the delivery of lyrics and may have partly affected the premiere's box office failure. On the contrary, the revival version improved the lyrics' delivery and acceptability by adjusting the number of syllable, maintaining and sometimes reinforcing the effect of rhyme and domesticating the humor and word-play, which received good reviews and possibly have contributed to the revival's commercial success. Extensive review on newspaper and magazine articles, program books of the premiere and revival, and research papers suggested that the difference in the two translated versions may be attributed to a variety of extra-textual factors such as the purpose of production, participants e.g., producers, directors and translators, and the change in the country's musical industry and social context.
Random-centroid Optimization Reveals the Strongest Superoxide Anion Radical Scavenging Activity of Maltose- and Ribose-conjugated Chicken Myofibrillar Protein (2018)

Random-centroid optimization (RCO) was applied to determine the optimum preparative conditions for glycated chicken myofibrillar proteins (Mfs) conjugated to maltose or ribose. The optimization targets were antioxidative ability against superoxide anion radicals () and a minimum 60% solubility in low ionic strength medium. Four optimization parameters, temperature, relative humidity (RH), reaction time, and quantity of maltose or ribose, were selected and 13 experimental conditions were obtained (using the RCO program). The examinations were independently assessed according to individual vertex values. The obtained optimal conditions for maltose and ribose were determined to be 61 and 38°C, 38 and 39% RH, 33.9 and 3.80 h reaction time, and a sugar to protein mixing ratio (w/w) of 5.59 and 10.4 (w/w), respectively, and scavenging activities of each conjugate reached the maximum of 274 ± 86 (n=3) and 368 ± 120 (n=3) units of superoxide dismutase/g of protein.
Targeted screening of 11 bisphenols and 7 plasticizers in food composites from Canada and South Africa (2022)

A sensitive method based on ultrasound-assisted liquid extraction coupled with liquid chromatography was applied to screen 18 plastic-related contaminants in 168 food composites (namely fish fillets, chicken breast, canned tuna, leafy vegetables, bread and butter) collected in Montreal (Canada), Pretoria and Vhembe (South Africa). Bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS) and seven plasticizers (di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), di-isononyl phthalate (DINP), di-(isononyl)-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH)) were detected in different foods from both countries. DBP and DEP were the most frequently detected contaminants in food collected in Montreal (75% for both) and DINP was the most frequently detected contaminant in food from South Africa (67%). DEHA concentration in packaged fish were significantly higher than the values for non-packaged fish (p < 0.01) suggesting that the packaging film can be one source of DEHA in fish.
IoT home gateway for auto-configuration and management of MQTT devices (2015)

IoT service in home domain needs common and effective ways to manage various appliances and devices. So, the home environment needs a gateway that provides dynamical device registration and discovery. In this paper, we propose the IoT Home Gateway that supports abstracted device data to remove heterogeneity, device discovery by DPWS, Auto-configuration for constrained devices such as Arduino. Also, the IoT Home Gateway provides lightweight information delivery using MQTT protocol. In addition, we show implementation results that access and control the device according to the home energy saving scenario.
Content-based objects detection for the recognition of building images (2002)

This paper deals with content-based objects detection for the recognition of building images. The aim of this research is to develop a robust method by which the building images taken under different imaging conditions like view, illumination and scale can be recognized correctly. In the approach presented in this paper, the regions of objects like windows and wall are first detected from a building image based on their visual contents. Here, the segmentation of regions is done using color information and the regions of windows and wall are detected based on edge information and the location of regions. Then, some features like the proportions of width to height of windows and the invariant color features extracted from the region of wall are extracted for the robust recognition of building images. Finally, experimental results reveal the efficacy of the method proposed in this paper.
Thallium-201 Distribution in the Thyroid: Relationship to Thyroidal Trapping Function (1978)

Experiments were undertaken to determine the behavior of thallium-201 in the thyroid in relation to the iodide-trapping mechanism in rats. Iodide trapping was compared to thyroidal thallium-201 trapping 30 minutes after intravenous injection. Thallium-201 uptake followed iodide uptake in control rats. TSH- and T3-treated rats but did not decrease in the same manner as iodide concentration in perchlorate-treated rats. These studies suggest that thallium-201 distribution in the thyroid may reflect the cationic side of the iodide pump or possible thyroidal blood flow.
Costs and Impacts of Alternative Milk Packaging Systems (1978)

Livestock Production/Industries
GaN laser self-mixing velocimeter for measuring slow flows (2010)

The self-mixing (SM) laser sensing technique allows for a simple, self-aligned, and robust system for measuring velocity. Low-cost blue emitting GaN laser diodes have recently become available owing to the high volume requirements for Blu-ray Disc devices such as high-definition video players and gaming consoles. These GaN lasers have a significantly shorter wavelength (around 405 nm) compared with other semiconductor lasers (generally around 800 nm for SM sensors). Therefore, if used in SM flow sensors, they allow measuring of flow rates that would otherwise be too slow to measure. In this Letter we report what we believe to be the world's first SM flow measurement system based on a blue emitting semiconductor laser, demonstrating the ability to measure flow rates down to 26 microm/s.
Waves in Focal Regions (2017)

Using numerous mathematical and numerical techniques of diffraction theory, Waves in Focal Regions: Propagation, Diffraction and Focusing of Light, Sound and Water Waves provides a full and richly illustrated description of waves in focal regions. Unlike most books, the author treats electromagnetic, acoustic, and water waves in one comprehensive volume. After an introductory section, the book describes approximate diffraction theories and efficient numerical methods to study the focusing of various kinds of waves. It then covers the physical interpretation of the theories, their accuracy, and the computational savings obtained, emphasizing uniform asymptotic results that remain valid in the vicinity of shadow boundaries and caustics. The next part deals with the focusing of scalar waves, including thorough theoretical analyses and detailed contour maps of diffraction patterns in focal regions for a variety of different system parameters, such as f-number, Frensel number, aperture shape, amplitude distribution, and wavefront aberration. The author proceeds to explore the diffraction and focusing of electromagnetic waves. First solutions are derived for fields radiated by sources, reflected and refracted at plane interfaces, or diffracted by apertures in plane screens, and then these solutions are applied to study the focusing in homogeneous media and through a plane dielectric interface. In both cases, the author includes many computed results of the electromagnetic field distribution near focus. Presenting both theoretical and experimental results, the following part examines the focusing of sound and water waves by means of zone-plate lenses. The book concludes with a detailed study of the diffraction and focusing of water waves and a comparison of the results of both linear and nonlinear theories with those of experiments.
The Involvement of Metallothioneins in Mitochondrial Function and Disease (2010)

Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation deficiency is accompanied by various down-stream, adaptive responses which play a key role in the varied phenotypes observed when mitochondrial dysfunction occurs. These responses are often accompanied by the induction of genes involved in defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. Among these responses, metallothioneins (MTs) has been identified to be responsive to mitochondrial dysfunction. MTs, which are expressed in four different isoforms, are small, cysteine rich, metal binding proteins that have been associated with a protective effect in cells under numerous diseased and stressed states. Their diverse functionality and protective roles can be ascribed to their three basic abilities or primary functions which are metal homeostasis, heavy metal detoxification and free radical scavenging. The involvement of MTs with numerous cellular processes, organelles and cells has received much attention while notice of their involvement with the function of mitochondria has been lacking. It is believed that MTs promote the survival of mitochondrial dysfunctional cells by acting as highly efficient reducing elements against the damaging properties of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by limiting apoptosis. In addition to their role in mitochondrial disease, convincing evidence exist, albeit with conflicting results, of its involvement in some key functions of the mitochondrion, including redox modulation, metal homeostasis and enzyme and transcription factor regulation.
Control of Estrus in Gilts with a Progestogen (1979)

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a synthetic progestogen, allyl trenbolone, for control of estrus and ovulation in gilts. Estrus was effectively synchronized with 33 of 38 gilts exhibiting estrus 2 to 7 days after last progestogen feeding. There was no effect on fertilization rate in gilts free of ovarian abnormalities. Ovulation rate was higher in gilts fed the progestogen in both Trial 1 (P less than .01) and Trial 2 (P less than .10). Progestogen treatment caused an increase (P less than .01) in the incidence of cystic follicles which resulted in a decrease (P less than .01) in conception rate in Trial 1.
1-Ethynylpyrene, a suicide inhibitor of cytochrome P-450 dependent benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activity in liver microsomes (1984)

The preparation of 1-ethynylpyrene (EP) is described. Incubation of EP with liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH yields fluorescent products, but the production of these products ceases after 15 min. Addition of fresh microsomes restores the original rate of EP metabolism. The metabolism of EP is initially more rapid in microsomes from 5,6-benzoflavone- (BF) pretreated rats than in microsomes from phenobarbital- (PB) pretreated rats or from untreated, control animals. EP strongly inhibits the hydroxylation of benzo[a]pyrene (BP) by liver microsomes; after 20 min in the presence of EP, BP metabolism nearly ceases. Addition of fresh microsomes restores the original rate of BP hydroxylation. EP more effectively inhibits the oxidation of BP in liver microsomes from rats pretreated with BF than from rats pretreated with PB or from untreated, control animals. The inhibition of BP hydroxylation activity due to EP is dependent upon NADPH and is apparently irreversible. Kinetic analyses demonstrate that the observed inhibition of BP hydroxylation is due to loss of the enzymatic activity by a process that is first order in EP and that reaches a limiting value at infinite EP concentrations. One such first-order process, with a t 1/2 of 3.5 min and a Ks for EP of 40 microM, is observed in microsomes from BF-pretreated rats. Two such first-order processes, one with t 1/2 of 6.9 min and Ks of 46 microM and one with t 1/2 of 12.7 min and Ks of 33 microM, are observed in microsomes from PB-pretreated rats. It is proposed that a self-catalyzed inhibition (suicide inhibition) of the cytochrome P-450 dependent BP hydroxylation occurs in the presence of EP. Incubation with EP under conditions that result in loss of about 90% of the BP hydroxylase activity in microsomes from BF-pretreated rats and about 66% of the activity in microsomes from PB-pretreated rats causes the loss of only 6 and 12% of the cytochrome P-450, respectively. It is concluded that loss of P-450 content is an insensitive measure of the effect of this inhibitor upon this cytochrome P-450 dependent enzyme activity. The selectivity of the loss of P-450 due to the incubation of the different microsomal preparations with EP is also observed to be different than the selectivity for loss of BP hydroxylase activity. It is proposed that the suicide inhibition of cytochrome P-450 dependent enzymes by alkynes need not involve heme alkylation and a resulting loss of P-450 content.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
The Role of Taurine in Mitochondria Health: More Than Just an Antioxidant (2021)

Taurine is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid that is found abundantly in excitatory tissues, such as the heart, brain, retina and skeletal muscles. Taurine was first isolated in the 1800s, but not much was known about this molecule until the 1990s. In 1985, taurine was first approved as the treatment among heart failure patients in Japan. Accumulating studies have shown that taurine supplementation also protects against pathologies associated with mitochondrial defects, such as aging, mitochondrial diseases, metabolic syndrome, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. In this review, we will provide a general overview on the mitochondria biology and the consequence of mitochondrial defects in pathologies. Then, we will discuss the antioxidant action of taurine, particularly in relation to the maintenance of mitochondria function. We will also describe several reported studies on the current use of taurine supplementation in several mitochondria-associated pathologies in humans.
Improved prediction of MHC class I and class II epitopes using a novel Gibbs sampling approach (2004)

We apply the motif sampler method to the complex problem of MHC class II binding. The input to the method is amino acid peptide sequences extracted from the public databases of SYFPEITHI and MHCPEP and known to bind to the MHC class II complex HLA-DR4(B1*0401). Prior identification of information-rich (anchor) positions in the binding motif is shown to improve the predictive performance of the Gibbs sampler. Similarly, a consensus solution obtained from an ensemble average over suboptimal solutions is shown to outperform the use of a single optimal solution. In a large-scale benchmark calculation, the performance is quantified using relative operating characteristics curve (ROC) plots and we make a detailed comparison of the performance with that of both the TEPITOPE method and a weight-matrix derived using the conventional alignment algorithm of ClustalW. The calculation demonstrates that the predictive performance of the Gibbs sampler is higher than that of ClustalW and in most cases also higher than that of the TEPITOPE method.
High-Definition Differential Ion Mobility Spectrometry with Resolving Power up to 500 (2012)

As the resolution of analytical methods improves, further progress tends to be increasingly limited by instrumental parameter instabilities that were previously inconsequential. This is now the case with differential ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS), where fluctuations of the voltages and gas pressure have become critical. A new high-definition generator for FAIMS compensation voltage reported here provides a stable and accurate output than can be scanned with negligible steps. This reduces the spectral drift and peak width, thus improving the resolving power (R) and resolution. The gain for multiply-charged peptides that have narrowest peaks is up to ~40%, and R ~400-500 is achievable using He/N(2) or H(2)/N(2) gas mixtures.
Open thoracic aortic aneurysm repair (2017)

Most descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) are due to degenerative disease that results in dilation of the aorta. A left posterolateral thoracotomy is performed and the left chest is entered via the fourth intercostal space (ICS) if the arch or proximal half of the TAA is to be intervened upon, or via the eighth ICS for the distal half of the TAA. The left femoral vessels are exposed with a transverse infrainguinal incision for cannulation in readiness for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). If there is moderate or severe aortic insufficiency, prophylactic aortic valve repair or replacement may be needed before descending TAA repair. A left ventricular vent via the left superior pulmonary vein can be used for descending TAA repair with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). When the right pleural space is entered during mobilization of the aorta, a chest tube should be inserted in the postoperative setting. Major complications can be prevented with adequate postoperative management.
Multiparametric evaluation of apoptosis: Effects of standard cytotoxic agents and the cyanoguanidine CHS 828 (2004)

A multiparametric high-content screening assay for measurement of apoptosis was developed. HeLa cells and lymphoma U-937 cells were exposed to cytotoxic drugs in flat-bottomed optical microtiter plates. After incubation, the DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33342, fluorescein-tagged probes that covalently bind active caspases and chloromethyl-X-rosamine to detect mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were added. Image acquisition and quantitative measurement of fluorescence in a defined number of cells per well was performed using the automated image capture and analysis instrument ArrayScan. The usefulness of the assay was tested in cells exposed to standard cytotoxic drugs as well as in experimental cytotoxic cyanoguanidine CHS 828. A time- and dose-dependent activation of caspase-3, decrease in MMP, and increase in nuclear fragmentation and condensation were observed for the standard drugs, with the ability to correlate the parameters on a single cell basis. CHS 828 induced caspase-3 activation and reduction in MMP with modest changes in nuclear morphology. The method described was considered to be a rapid and information-rich apoptosis assay suitable both for correlating morphological and biochemical apoptotic events in single cells as well as for screening and evaluation of novel substances with apoptosis-inducing capabilities.