gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Achieving a trusted, reliable, AI-ready infrastructure for military medicine and civilian trauma care (2020)

It is envisioned that significant improvements in medical capabilities may be required to meet formidable conditions expected in future military conflicts and global events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Similar challenges may exist for large-scale humanitarian assistance missions and civilian mass casualty events that do not conform to prior assumptions for care delivery including evacuation within the golden hour and availability of large medical footprints in non-traditional and field settings. The importance of standardization and foundational infrastructure for medical devices, sensors, and data management is presented in order to achieve safe, and effective medical systems that deliver dramatic advances in functionality made possible by Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML). The concept of autonomous, artificial intelligence based learning systems for medical support in military Multi-Domain Operations (MDO) to meet evolving demands is presented. Drivers towards greater use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Medical Autonomy to solve anticipated gaps in forward resuscitative and stabilization care, as well as associated relevance and implications for the management of civilian disasters are introduced. Finally, the central role of application architecture and robust technology frameworks necessary to advance the state of the science are discussed.
Environmental and Economic Effects of Reducing Pesticide Use (1991)

Journal Article Environmental and Economic Effects of Reducing Pesticide Use: A substantial reduction in pesticides might increase food costs only slightly Get access David Pimentel, David Pimentel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Lori McLaughlin, Lori McLaughlin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Andrew Zepp, Andrew Zepp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Benyamin Lakitan, Benyamin Lakitan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tamara Kraus, Tamara Kraus Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Peter Kleinman, Peter Kleinman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Fabius Vancini, Fabius Vancini Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. John Roach, W. John Roach Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ellen Graap, Ellen Graap Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar William S. Keeton, William S. Keeton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more Gabe Selig Gabe Selig Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, Volume 41, Issue 6, June 1991, Pages 402–409, https://doi.org/10.2307/1311747 Published: 01 June 1991
Supplementary Tables 3 - 5 from Network Analysis Identifies an HSP90-Central Hub Susceptible in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 100KB, Supplementary Table 3. Coefficient of interaction (CI) values for ganetespib combined with other drugs (dasatinib, erlotinib, cisplatin and paclitaxel) in ovarian cancer cell lines A1847 and OVCAR-5, based on Chou-Talalay analysis. Supplementary Table 4. Fold changes in proteins levels detected by reverse phase protein array following treatment with ganetespib, paclitaxel or ganetespib + paclitaxel. Supplementary Table 5. HSP90-interacting proteins sensitize EOC cells to ganetespib.&lt;/p&gt;
Orthostatic challenge reveals impaired vascular resistance control, but normal venous pooling and capillary filtration in familial dysautonomia (2003)

Patients with familial dysautonomia (FD) frequently have profound orthostatic hypotension without compensatory tachycardia. Although the aetiology is presumed to be sympathetic impairment, peripheral vascular responses to orthostasis have not been assessed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the control of vascular responses to postural stress in FD patients. Measurements of heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac stroke volume and cardiac output (CO), by impedance cardiography, and calf-volume changes, by impedance plethysmography, were taken from nine FD patients and 11 control subjects while supine and during head-up tilt. During leg lowering, we also assessed the venoarteriolar reflex by measuring skin red-cell flux. Head-up tilting for 10min induced sustained decreases in mean arterial pressure in the FD patients, but not in the controls. Total peripheral resistance (TPR, i.e. mean arterial pressure/CO) increased significantly in the controls (39.8±6.8%), but not in the FD patients. Calf-volume changes during tilting, when normalized for the initial calf volume, did not differ significantly between the patients (4.62±1.99ml·100ml-1) and the controls (3.18±0.74ml·100ml-1). The vasoconstrictor response to limb lowering was present in the patients (47.7±9.0% decrease in skin red-cell flux), but was impaired as compared with the controls (80.7±3.4%) (P&lt;0.05). The impaired vasoconstriction during limb lowering and absent increase of TPR during tilting confirm that orthostatic hypotension in FD is due primarily to a lack of sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction without evidence of abnormally large shifts in blood volume towards the legs during orthostasis. This may be due, in part, to a preserved myogenic response to increased vascular pressure in the dependent vascular beds.
Optical properties of the HYDROVIEW intraocular lens (1995)

The HYDROVIEW<SUP>TM</SUP> intraocular lens is a biconvex foldable hydrogel lens configured as a conventional one-piece design. The unfolding time is approximately constant with lens dioptric power at an average of 2.4 seconds, and increases with the length of time the lens is held in air prior to implantation. Mechanical recovery can be modeled as a non-linear critically damped harmonic oscillator, which demonstrates the controlled manner of unfolding. The Modulation Transfer Function at 30 cycles/degree reaches an average of 95% of its pre- fold value within one hour after being released from folding and recovers completely to its pre-fold values within 24 hours. Interferometrically measured root-mean-square transmitted wavefront error and Strehl Ratio both recover to pre-fold values within 24 hours after folding. Dehydration for a period of 10 minutes followed by folding, then rehydration and unfolding was found to have no significant effect on lens power (&lt; 0.15 Diopter) or resolution. Neither temperatures in excess of 120 degree(s)C, which may be used during sterilization, nor temperatures as low as -85 degree(s)C were found to have any significant effect on lens power and resolution.
On-Chip Selective Capture and Detection of Magnetic Fingerprints of Malaria (2020)

The development of innovative diagnostic tests is fundamental in the route towards malaria eradication. Here, we discuss the sorting capabilities of an innovative test for malaria which allows the quantitative and rapid detection of all malaria species. The physical concept of the test exploits the paramagnetic property of infected erythrocytes and hemozoin crystals, the magnetic fingerprints of malaria common to all species, which allows them to undergo a selective magnetophoretic separation driven by a magnetic field gradient in competition with gravity. Upon separation, corpuscles concentrate at the surface of a silicon microchip where interdigitated electrodes are placed in close proximity to magnetic concentrators. The impedance variation proportional to the amount of attracted particles is then measured. The capability of our test to perform the selective detection of infected erythrocytes and hemozoin crystals has been tested by means of capture experiments on treated bovine red blood cells, mimicking the behavior of malaria-infected ones, and suspensions of synthetic hemozoin crystals. Different configuration angles of the chip with respect to gravity force and different thicknesses of the microfluidic chamber containing the blood sample have been investigated experimentally and by multiphysics simulations. In the paper, we describe the optimum conditions leading to maximum sensitivity and specificity of the test.
General Synthetic Approach to Functionalized Dihydrooxepines (2013)

A three-step sequence to access functionalized 4,5-dihydrooxepines from cyclohexenones has been developed. This approach features a regioselective Baeyer-Villiger oxidation and subsequent functionalization via the corresponding enol phosphate intermediate.
Evaluation of smartphone sound measurement applications (2014)

This study reports on the accuracy of smartphone sound measurement applications (apps) and whether they can be appropriately employed for occupational noise measurements. A representative sample of smartphones and tablets on various platforms were acquired, more than 130 iOS apps were evaluated but only 10 apps met our selection criteria. Only 4 out of 62 Android apps were tested. The results showed two apps with mean differences of 0.07 dB (unweighted) and -0.52 dB (A-weighted) from the reference values. Two other apps had mean differences within ±2 dB. The study suggests that certain apps may be appropriate for use in occupational noise measurements.
A simple theoretical model for the van der Waals potential at intermediate distances. III. Anisotropic potentials of Ar–H2, Kr–H2, and Xe–H2 (1981)

A simple semiclassical theory of the van der Waals potential, which uses no empirical constants, was proposed and tested on atom–atom systems in an earlier paper [J. Chem. Phys. 66, 1496 (1977)]. In a following paper [J. Chem. Phys. 68, 5501 (1978)] it was successfully applied to the prediction of the radial v0(R) and anisotropic parts v2(R) of the van der Waals potential expanded as V(R,γ)=v0(R)+v2)R)× P2(cos γ) (R is the distance between centers of mass and γ is the angle between R and the molecular axis) of He–H2 and Ne–H2 for which all the necessary ab initio input data were available. In the present paper the method is applied to the heavier systems Ar–H2, Kr–H2, and Xe–H2 for which the ab initio data are not available. The dispersion terms were estimated using the precise combining rule described in II. The anisotropic Born–Mayer parameters for the repulsive potentials were estimated by successive application of the Gilbert–Smith combining rules. The necessary input was the ab initio repulsive anisotropy in He–H2 and the repulsive parameters for Ar–Ar, Kr–Kr, and Xe–Xe, which could be estimated from the experimental potential well parameters. The resulting Born–Mayer parameters were adjusted slightly to agree with the experimental v0 potential parameters. The v2 potentials predicted in this way are presented and compared with the best available experimental potentials of Le Roy and co-workers and Zandee and Reuss. Cross section anisotropy factors have also been calculated for direct comparison with the measured orientation dependence of integral cross sections measured by Reuss and co-workers. For all systems the agreement with experiment is very good and within the experimental error. Finally, a new law of corresponding states which predicts that the reduced shapes of the spherical symmetric and anisotropy potentials are identical is proposed.
Idiopathic External Ear Canal Cholesteatoma (2012)

Dubach, Patrick*; Mantokoudis, Georgios*; Banz, Yara†; Caversaccio, Marco*; Senn, Pascal* Author Information
Expression of smooth muscle-specific alpha-isoactin in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells: relationship between growth and cytodifferentiation. (1986)

The relationship between growth and cytodifferentiation was studied in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) using expression of the smooth muscle (SM)-specific isoactins (Vanderkerckhove, J., and K. Weber, 1979, Differentiation, 14:123-133) as a marker for differentiation in these cells. Isoactin expression was evaluated by: (a) measurements of fractional isoactin content and synthesis ([35S]methionine incorporation) by densitometric evaluation of two-dimensional isoelectric focusing sodium dodecyl sulfate gels, and (b) immunocytological examination using SM-specific isoactin antibodies. Results showed the following: (a) Loss of alpha-SM isoactin was not a prerequisite for initiation of cellular proliferation in primary cultures of rat aortic SMCs. (b) alpha-SM isoactin synthesis and content were low in subconfluent log phase growth cells but increased nearly threefold in density-arrested postconfluent cells. Conversely, beta-nonmuscle actin synthesis and content were higher in rapidly dividing subconfluent cultures than in quiescent postconfluent cultures. These changes were observed in primary and subpassaged cultures. (c) alpha-SM actin synthesis was increased by growth arrest of sparse cultures in serum-free medium (SFM; Libby, P., and K. V. O'Brien, 1983, J. Cell. Physiol., 115:217-223) but reached levels equivalent to density-arrested cells only after extended periods in SFM (i.e., greater than 5 d). (d) SFM did not further augment alpha-SM actin synthesis in postconfluent SMC cultures. (e) Serum stimulation of cells that had been growth-arrested in SFM resulted in a dramatic decrease in alpha-SM actin synthesis that preceded the onset of cellular proliferation. These findings demonstrate that cultured vascular SMCs undergo differential expression of isoactins in relation to their growth state and indicate that growth arrest promotes cytodifferentiation in these cells.
Adaptive disturbance rejection using ARMARKOV system representations (2002)

An adaptive disturbance rejection algorithm is developed for the standard control problem. The MIMO system and controller are represented as ARMARKOV/Toeplitz models, and the parameter matrix of the compensator is updated online by means of a gradient algorithm. The algorithm requires minimal knowledge of the plant, specifically, the numerator of the ARMARKOV transfer function from control to performance is required. No knowledge about the spectrum of the disturbance is needed. Experimental results demonstrating tonal and broadband disturbance rejection in an acoustic duct are presented.
Molecular Characterization of Boscalid Resistance in Field Isolates of Botrytis cinerea from Apple (2011)

Botrytis cinerea isolates obtained from apple orchards were screened for resistance to boscalid. Boscalid-resistant (BosR) isolates were classified into four phenotypes based on the levels of the concentration that inhibited fungal growth by 50% relative to control. Of the 220 isolates tested, 42 were resistant to boscalid, with resistant phenotypes ranging from low to very high resistance. There was cross resistance between boscalid and carboxin. Analysis of partial sequences of the iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase gene in B. cinerea (BcSdhB) from 13 BosR and 9 boscalid-sensitive (BosS) isolates showed that point mutations in BcSdhB leading to amino acid substitutions at the codon position 272 from histidine to either tyrosine (H272Y) or arginine (H272R) were correlated with boscalid resistance. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of 66 BosR isolates (including 24 additional isolates obtained from decayed apple fruit) showed that 19 carried the point mutation H272Y and 46 had the point mutation H272R, but 1 BosR isolate gave no amplification product. Analysis of the BcSdhB sequence of this isolate revealed a different point mutation at codon 225, resulting in a substitution of proline (P) by phenylalanine (F) (P225F). The results indicated that H272R/Y in BcSdhB were the dominant genotypes of mutants in field BosR isolates from apple. A multiplex allele-specific PCR assay was developed to detect point mutations H272R/Y in a single PCR amplification. Levels of boscalid resistance ranged from low to very high within isolates carrying either the H272R or H272Y mutation, indicating that, among BosR isolates, different BosR phenotypes (levels of resistance) were not associated with particular types of point mutations (H272R versus H272Y) in BcSdhB. Analysis of genetic relationships between 39 BosR and 56 BosS isolates based on three microsatellite markers showed that 39 BosR isolates and 30 BosS isolates were clustered into two groups, and the third group consisted of only BosS isolates, suggesting that the development of resistance to boscalid in B. cinerea likely is not totally random, and resistant populations may come from specific genetic groups.
F-0915 Effects of Microscopic Structure of Granular Agglomerate in Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) on Delamination of Knee Joint Component (2001)

Recently, an explosive flaking-like destruction so-called delamination has been reported in retrieved ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) knee components. In order to investigate the effects of microscopic substructure such as grain boundaries, two-dimensional sliding fatigue tests were carried out for three types of UHMWPE samples, non-irradiated, gamma-irradiated, and vitamin E-added and gamma-irradiated samples. Morphology of sliding surface was examined by both SEM and an optical microscope. Surface roughness of the sliding surface was also measured. Our result showed that microscopic crack initiation and propagation was observed to occur at surface/subsurface grain boundaries of gamma-irradiated UHMWPE samples.
Pharmacological Activity of Angiotensin-II Modified by Tyrosine Sulfation (1990)

An angiotensin-II analogue with a sulfated tyrosine residue was prepared by arylsulfotransferase treatment of synthetic human angiotensin-II. Its biological activities were studied in isolated smooth muscles, and its effect on blood pressure was determined. The sulfated angiotensin-II (AII-S) was about 15-30 fold less potent than angiotensin-II (AII) for ileum contraction and gallbladder contraction. The hypertensive potency of All-S was about 30-fold less than that of All.
Outcome of unilateral ankle arthrodesis and total ankle replacement in terms of bilateral gait mechanics (2013)

Previous studies assessed the outcome of ankle arthrodesis (AA) and total ankle replacement (TAR) surgeries; however, the extent of postoperative recovery towards bilateral gait mechanics (BGM) is unknown. We evaluated the outcome of the two surgeries at least 2 years post rehabilitation, focusing on BGM. 36 participants, including 12 AA patients, 12 TAR patients, and 12 controls were included. Gait assessment over 50 m distance was performed utilizing pressure insoles and 3D inertial sensors, following which an intraindividual comparison was performed. Most spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters in the TAR group were indicative of good gait symmetry, while the AA group presented significant differences. Plantar pressure symmetry among the AA group was also significantly distorted. Abnormality in biomechanical behavior of the AA unoperated, contralateral foot was observed. In summary, our results indicate an altered BGM in AA patients, whereas a relatively fully recovered BGM is observed in TAR patients, despite the quantitative differences in several parameters when compared to a healthy population. Our study supports a biomechanical assessment and rehabilitation of both operated and unoperated sides after major surgeries for ankle osteoarthrosis.
Rate-dependent fracture modeling of asphalt concrete using the discrete element method (2009)

The discrete element method (DEM) represents a convenient and powerful tool for studying effects of material microstructure on fracture mechanisms in asphalt concrete. In this paper, the rate-dependency of asphalt concrete is investigated using a cohesive zone model with bulk viscoelastic properties combined with bilinear post-peak softening. Details of the constitutive models implemented in the DEM, with particular emphasis on the verification of viscoelastic models, are presented. Experimental test results based on a disk-shaped compact tension test are obtained under different loading rates and those are compared to numerical simulations with the help of the rate-dependent model. Homogeneous and heterogeneous model results are compared, where heterogeneous models are constructed to consider aggregate morphology for particles larger than 1.18 mm. The relative importance of time-dependence and the consideration of material heterogeneity in the simulation of monotonic Mode I fracture tests are demonstrated.
The RNA N-glycosidase activity of ricin A-chain. (1988)

The RNA N-glycosidase activity of ricin A-chain has been characterized. When rat liver ribosomes were used as substrates, the A-chain cleaved the N-glycosidic bond at A-4324 in 28S rRNA. An apparent Michaelis constant (Km) for the reaction was determined to be 2.6 microM and the turnover number (Kcat) was 1777 min-1. When naked rRNA was the substrate, the A-chain cleaved the same bond in 28S rRNA but at a greatly reduced rate. The Km value was 5.8 microM. The results suggest that the A-chain has a similar affinity for 28S rRNA in both ribosomes and the naked states. When the deproteinized Escherichia coli rRNA was the substrates, ricin A-chain cleaved a N-glycosidic bond at A-2600 in 23S rRNA which corresponds to the ricin-site in 28S rRNA of rat liver ribosomes, while the A-chain has little activity on 23S rRNA in the ribosomes. The results suggest that ricin A-chain acts directly on RNA by recognizing a certain structure in the molecules. Using the secondary structure models for each species of rRNA, we have deduced a loop and stem structure having GAGA in the loop to be a minimum requirement for the substrate of ricin A-chain.
TESTING VARIANCE COMPONENTS BY TWO JACKKNIFE METHODS (2008)

The jackknife method, a resampling technique, has been widely used for statistical tests for years. The pseudo value based jackknife method (defined as pseudo jackknife method) is commonly used to reduce the bias for an estimate; however, sometimes it could result in large variation for an estimate and thus reduce the power for parameters of interest. In this study, a non-pseudo value based jackknife method (defined as non-pseudo jackknife method) was used for testing variance components under mixed linear models. We compared this non-pseudo value based jackknife method and the pseudo value based method by simulation regarding their biases, Type I errors, and powers. Our simulated results showed that biases obtained by the two jackknife methods are very similar; however, the non-pseudo value based method had higher testing powers than the pseudo value based method while the non-pseudo value based method had lower Type I error rates than the preset nomial probability values. Thus, we concluded that the non-pseudo value based jackknife method is superior to the pseudo value based method for testing variance components under a general mixed linear model.