gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A unique heteropentanuclear CuII2CoIICoIII2 complex, synthesised from metallic Cu and Co acetate in the presence of triethanolamine. Magnetic properties and a strong H-bond stabilised lattice (2001)

Reaction of zerovalent copper with cobalt(II) acetate and triethanolamine (H3Tea) in DMF solution in air yields the unique pentanuclear mixed-valence complex [CuII2CoIICOIII2(O2CMe)4(H2Tea)2(Tea)2]·2(HO2CMe), 1, which has been characterized by a range of spectroscopic methods and structurally by X-ray crystallography. In the centrosymmetric unit of 1 five metal ions are linked together by eight oxygen atoms of the four triethanolamine ligands and by two acetate anions in the sequence Cu(II)–Co(III)–Co(II)–Co(III)–Cu(II), with the metal–metal separations being 2.823(2) and 2.964(1) Å for Cu(II)···Co(III) and Co(III)···Co(II), respectively. Discrimination between Co(II) and Co(III) atoms is based on bond length considerations; the Co(III) is low spin. The lattice hydrogen-bonded network involving the non-coordinating acetic acid molecules links the pentanuclear units together and results in the formation of an extended one-dimensional structure. Magnetic measurements for 1 showed a marked decrease of the χT value at low temperature, indicative of antiferromagnetic interactions between magnetic centres. A fit was attempted assuming an effective S = 1/2 ground state for Co(II) and an Ising-type anisotropy, considering only intramolecular interactions. The obtained value for Jz of 36 cm−1 must originate from the efficient role of the diamagnetic Co(III) in transmitting the interaction between Cu(II) and Co(II) below 40 K.
Site‐Directed Dimerization of Bowl‐Shaped Radical Anions to Form a σ‐Bonded Dibenzocorannulene Dimer (2018)

Designed site-directed dimerization of the monoanion radicals of a π-bowl in the solid state is reported. Dibenzo[a,g]corannulene (C<sub>28</sub> H<sub>14</sub> ) was selected based on the asymmetry of the charge/spin localization in the C<sub>28</sub> H<sub>14</sub><sup>.-</sup> anion. Controlled one-electron reduction of C<sub>28</sub> H<sub>14</sub> with Cs metal in diglyme resulted in crystallization of a new dimer, [{Cs<sup>+</sup> (diglyme)}<sub>2</sub> (C<sub>28</sub> H<sub>14</sub> -C<sub>28</sub> H<sub>14</sub> )<sup>2-</sup> ] (1), as revealed by single crystal X-ray diffraction study performed in a broad range of temperatures. The C-C bond length between two C<sub>28</sub> H<sub>14</sub><sup>.-</sup> bowls (1.560(8) Å) measured at -143 °C does not significantly change upon heating of the crystal to +67 °C. The single σ-bond character of the C-C linker is confirmed by calculations. The trans-disposition of two bowls in 1 is observed with the torsion angles around the central C-C bond of 172.3(5)° and 173.5(5)°. A systematic theoretical evaluation of dimerization pathways of C<sub>28</sub> H<sub>14</sub><sup>.-</sup> radicals confirmed that the trans-isomer found in 1 is energetically favored.
Detecting crack orientation using antenna sensors (2011)

The diagnostics of cracks in structures has been gaining importance in recent years. In the past decade, numerous sensors were developed to detect and monitor the crack propagation, but very few sensors can extract quantified information about the crack such as its size and orientation. Recently, we have presented a passive wireless antenna sensor that can detect sub-millimeter crack growth when the crack is parallel to one edge of the antenna patch. This paper studies the capability of the antenna sensor to detect crack orientation. Based on the principle of microstrip patch antenna, an antenna sensor with a rectangular patch radiates at two resonant frequencies. Cracks in the ground plane of the sensor with different orientations influence these two resonant frequencies in two different ways. Thus by monitoring the changes in both resonant frequencies of the antenna sensor, quantitative information about the crack orientations can be obtained. The resonant frequencies of the antenna sensor were first simulated using an EM simulation tool by modeling the crack as a 0.7 mm wide slot oriented at various angles. Simulation results confirmed that the resonant frequencies of the antenna sensor are sensitive to the crack orientation. Subsequently, the antenna sensor's capability to detect crack orientation was experimentally validated by fabricating an antenna sensor on a double-clad circuit board. A mini-milling machine was employed to produce cracks in the ground plane at different angles. The resonant frequencies of the antenna sensor were then measured at different crack lengths to study the effect of crack orientation and length on both frequencies of the antenna sensor. The principle of operation will be discussed first, followed by detailed descriptions on the simulation model, sensor design and fabrication, experimental setup and procedure, results and analysis.
The possibility of the tissue regeneration intensification by an increase in the differentiation degree of cell elements and conditions of tissue defect (1989)

Изучено влияние полимерного препарата пролонгированного действия, содержащего левамизол, на процессы регенерации двух типов соединительной ткани. Показана возможность ускорения процессов регенерации за счет повышения степени дифференцировки клеточных элементов в месте имплантации.
Managing standards compliance (1999)

Software engineering standards determine practices that "compliant" software processes shall follow. Standards generally define practices in terms of constraints that must hold for documents. The document types identified by standards include typical development products, such as user requirements, and also process-oriented documents, such as progress reviews and management reports. The degree of standards compliance can be established by checking these documents against the constraints. It is neither practical nor desirable to enforce compliance at all points in the development process. Thus, compliance must be managed rather than imposed. We outline a model of standards and compliance and illustrate it with some examples. We give a brief account of the notations and method we have developed to support the use of the model and describe a support environment we have constructed. The principal contributions of our work are: the identification of the issue of standards compliance; the development of a model of standards and support for compliance management; the development of a formal model of product state with associated notation; a powerful policy scheme that triggers checks; and a flexible and scalable compliance management view.
An interactive computerized system for recognition of sinus rhythm and pacing responses in development of tachycardia detection algorithms for ICDs (2002)

Currently available implantable cardioverter/defibrillators (ICDs) cannot effectively differentiate between supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachyarrhythmia. This limitation can cause inappropriate delivery of electrical shocks to patients implanted with these devices. One very promising approach for overcoming this problem relies on atrioventricular interval analysis with intracardiac leads for sensing both atrial and ventricular electrical activity. The assessment of such an approach, as performed in patients undergoing intracardiac electrophysiology study in the authors' clinic laboratory, results in vast amounts of digitized data. Thus, an interactive computerized system was designed for editing, managing and processing these data. During the test procedure, four channels of cardiac activity (two intracardiac and two ECG leads) were digitized in real time and stored onto hard disk. Software called FAST-Edit (Find-Adjust-Snip-and-Tag) was designed to perform data processing using machine recognition and operator inspection. FAST-Edit has proven to be a very useful cost effective tool in the authors' development of new tachycardia detection algorithms for future generation ICDs. Further, its simplicity allows for ready modification to fit other requirements and applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Reliable transfer function measurements of PED excitations in aircrafts (2004)

The determination of reliable transfer function in a complex system represents major measuring problems. In this paper a new method is described which allows transfer function measurements under variable boundary conditions without using calibrated field sources. After a brief description of the new method, various results of measurements in different aircrafts are depicted. The influence of the aircraft size and the cabin interior furnishing will be presented.
Understanding the electrochemical reaction mechanism of VS2 nanosheets in lithium-ion cells by multiple in situ and ex situ x-ray spectroscopy (2018)

Recently, 2D layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted great scientific interest in electrochemical energy storage research. Vanadium disulfide (VS<sub>2</sub>) as an important family member of TMDs, is a promising electrode material for lithium-ion cells because of its remarkable electrical conductivity and high Li<sup>+</sup> diffusion rate, but its electrochemical reaction mechanism is still poorly understood. Herein, we have prepared VS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets as the electrode and systematically investigated its structural and chemical evolution during the electrochemical processes by employing both <em>in situ</em> and <em>ex situ</em> x-ray spectroscopy. The VS<sub>2</sub> undergoes intercalation and conversion reactions in sequence during discharge and this process is found to be partially reversible during the subsequent charge. The decreased reversibility of the conversion reaction over extended cycles could be mainly responsible for the capacity fading of the VS<sub>2</sub> electrode. Furthermore, the hybridization strength between S and V shows a strong dependence on the states of charge, as directly illustrated by the intensity change of the V-S hybridized states and pure V states. We have additionally found that the solid electrolyte interphase on the electrode surface is dynamically evolved during cycling, which may be a universal phenomenon for the conversion-based electrodes. Our research is expected to be beneficial for the further development of high-performance VS<sub>2</sub>-based electrodes.
Marketing Advertisement Space (2016)

Despite the fact that advertising is the lifeblood of media in the developed world, there appears to have been an almost univers al opinion on the part of senior newspaper managements that no particular effort need be made to sell advertising — it would be sufficient to merely make it available. After all, went the reasoning, how else other than by using newspapers could an advertiser inform its potential customers? At one time, this was a perfectly rational argument; there were no alternatives, at least none that were affordable for the majority of advertisers.KeywordsPotential CustomerRegional NewspaperService ElementAdvertising RevenueAdvertising RateThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Computer Games Are Serious Business and so is their Quality: Particularities of Software Testing in Game Development from the Perspective of Practitioners (2018)

Over the last several decades, computer games started to have a significant impact on society. However, although a computer game is a type of software, the process to conceptualize, produce and deliver a game could involve unusual features. In software testing, for instance, studies demonstrated the hesitance of professionals to use automated testing techniques with games, due to the constant changes in requirements and design, and pointed out the need for creating testing tools that take into account the flexibility required for the game development process. Goal. This study aims to improve the current body of knowledge regarding software testing in game development and point out the existing particularities observed in software testing considering the development of a computer game. Method. A mixed-method approach based on a case study and an opinion survey was applied to collect quantitative and qualitative data from software professionals regarding the particularities of software testing in game development. Results. We analyzed over 70 messages posted on three well-established network of question-and-answer communities related to software engineering, software testing and game development and received answers of 38 professionals discussing differences between testing a computer game and a general software, and identified important aspects to be observed by practitioners in the process of planning, performing and reporting tests in this context. Conclusion. Considering computer games, software testing must focus not only on the common aspects of a general software, but also, track and investigate issues that could be related to game balance, game physics and entertainment related-aspects to guarantee the quality of computer games and a successful testing process.
Efficacy of Tramadol in Treatment of Pain in Fibromyalgia (2000)

An outpatient, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tramadol in the treatment of the pain of fibromyalgia syndrome. One hundred patients with fibromyalgia syndrome, (1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria), were enrolled into an open-label phase and treated with tramadol 50-400 mg/day. Patients who tolerated tramadol and perceived benefit were randomized to treatment with tramadol or placebo in the double-blind phase. The primary efficacy outcome measurement was the time (days) to exit from the double-blind phase because of inadequate pain relief, which was reported as the cumulative probability of discontinuing treatment because of inadequate pain relief. One hundred patients entered the open-label phase; 69% tolerated and achieved benefit with tramadol. These patients were then randomized to continue tramadol (n = 35) or convert to a placebo (n = 34) during a 6-week, double-blind treatment period. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of cumulative probability of discontinuing the double blind period because of inadequate pain relief was significantly lower in the tramadol group compared with the placebo group (p = 0.001). Twenty (57.1%) patients in the tramadol group successfully completed the entire double-blind phase compared with nine (27%) in the placebo group (p = .015). These results support the efficacy of tramadol over a period of 6 weeks in a double blind study for the treatment of the pain of fibromyalgia in a group of patients who had been determined to tolerate it and perceive a benefit.
Novel transition bimetal–organic frameworks: recyclable catalyst for the oxidative coupling of primary amines to imines at mild conditions (2016)

Recyclable Mn/Co-MOF catalyst is first described for oxidative coupling of benzylamines at room temperature in excellent yields (up to 100%).
Increased Risk of Malignant Melanoma in Patients with Systemic Mastocytosis? (2014)

CM: cutaneous
SMAC-Mimetic BV-6 Sensitizes Therapeutic Agents-Induced Apoptosis In AML Cells (2010)

Abstract Abstract 2177 The antiapoptotic function of the inhibitors of apoptosis family of proteins (IAPs) is antagonized by mitochondria-released SMAC protein. The IAP-member XIAP suppresses apoptosis by directly binding and inhibiting caspase-9 and caspase-3, while cIAP1, a component of the cytoplasmic signaling complex containing TNF receptor associated factors, suppresses apoptosis via the caspase-8-mediated pathway. BV-6 (Genentech) is a bivalent SMAC-mimetic and has been shown to promote cell death by inducing cIAP autoubiquitination, NF-κB activation, and TNFα-dependent apoptosis. We examined its effect on leukemic cells and found that BV-6 only moderately induced apoptosis. The EC50 was found to be 15.3±5.1 μM at 48 hours in OCI-AML3 cells which are relatively sensitive. We then determined whether BV-6 sensitizes leukemic cells to the HDM2-inhibitor nutlin-3a and to Ara-C. p53 modulates the expression and activity of Bcl-2 family proteins and promotes the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. We showed previously that activation of p53 by nutlin-3a sensitizes AML cells to XIAP inhibition induced-death in part by promoting the release of SMAC from mitochondrion (Carter BZ et al., Blood 2010). We treated OCI-AML3 cells with BV-6, nutlin-3a or Ara-C, and BV-6+nutlin-3a or BV-6+Ara-C and found that the combination of BV-6 and nutlin-3a or BV-6 and Ara-C synergistically induced cell death in OCI-AML3 cells with a combination index (CI) of 0.27±0.11 and 0.22±0.05 (48 hours), respectively. To demonstrate that p53 activation is essential for the synergism of BV-6+nutlin-3a combination, we treated OCI-AML3 vector control and p53 knockdown cells with these two agents and found that the combination synergistically promoted cell death in the vector control (CI=0.47±0.15) but not in the p53 knockdown cells, as expected, while BV6+Ara-C was synergistic in both vector control and p53 knockdown cells (CI=0.15±0.03 and 0.08±0.03, respectively, 48 hours). BV-6 induced activation of caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3 and decreased XIAP levels, but did not cause rapid cIAP1 degradation, as reported by others. To assess the contribution of death receptor-mediated apoptosis in BV-6-induced cell death, we treated Jurkat and caspase-8 mutated Jurkat cells (JurkatI9.2) with BV-6 and found that BV-6 induced cell death and significantly potentiated TRAIL-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells (CI=0.14±0.08, 48 hours). Caspase-8 mutated JurkatI9.2 cells were significantly less sensitive to BV-6 than Jurkat cells and as expected, JurkatI9.2 was completely resistant to TRAIL. Collectively, we showed that the bivalent SMAC-mimetic BV-6 potentiates p53 activation-, chemotherapy-, and TRAIL-induced cell death, but has only minimal activity by itself in leukemic cells. SMAC-mimetics could be useful in enhancing the efficacy of different classes of therapeutic agents used in AML therapy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Broadening the reaction scope of unprotected aldosesviatheir corresponding nitrones: 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions with alkenes (2020)

Condensation reactions of unprotected tetroses and pentoses with hydroxylamines afforded nitrones, which were easily converted to densely functionalized isoxazolidines in the presence of electron-poor alkenes. The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition occurred with good facial discrimination of the chiral nitrone but under rather low endo/exo control. Stereochemistry of isomers was ascertained by chemical correlation with known derivatives from the literature. Microwave activation appeared as the most efficient reaction mode, affording the expected adducts within several minutes whereas hours were needed under standard heating. Alternatively, the transformation proved also possible under high pressure conditions by using a hand pump system, avoiding any energy source. Although water could not be used as the solvent, leading to hydrolysis of the nitrone substrate, a large variety of organic solvents proved efficient. The method has potential use in the preparation of non-ionic carbohydrate-based amphiphiles.
Improving pattern placement using through-the-membrane signal monitoring (1998)

We describe here a means of improving pattern placement accuracy in the electron-beam lithographic manufacture of membrane masks. Our method is based on collection of the beam transmitted through the membrane with a detector fixed to the mask assembly. A fiducial grid overlaid onto the detector is used to provide a global reference for measurement of the beam position during lithographic patterning. We give results from recent experiments with components of such a system, and estimate 1σ accuracy in our method to be on the order of 1.5 nm. We discuss the effect of beam scattering on our technique, and possible improvements in our implementation.
Serum and urinary protein alterations in C57BL-10 lymphoma-bearing mice. (1971)

Summary Spleen extracts and sera from C57BL/10 mice bearing a reticulum cell lymphoma were found to contain elevated levels of protein when compared with normal mouse levels. Immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, gel filtration, and density gradient ultracentrifugation studies indicated the protein to be an IgM macroglobulin. The increased macroglobulin level was correlated, in part, with the growth of the tumor, reaching a peak 2.5 times greater than that for the control mice. The peak was reached 6 days after tumor transplant and remained at this level until the animals died from the tumor, approximately 14 days after the transplant. Purified IgM from lymphomatous and normal mice were indistinguishable immunologically as antigens. Peptide map analyses of isolated light chains from partially reduced and alkylated IgM suggested that the IgM light chains from tumor-bearing mice were more heterogeneous than myeloma light chains; i.e., the elevated IgM was not a myeloma. A protein was found in the urine of tumorous mice that migrated electrophoretically in the globulin region. Immunological studies and peptide map analyses revealed the protein to be albumin-like. The significance or relationship of the electrophoretically altered albumin to the elevated IgM levels or to the growth of the lymphoma was not determined.
Effects of Cell Density and Biomacromolecule Addition on the Flow Behavior of Concentrated Mesenchymal Cell Suspensions (2013)

With the rapidly growing interest in the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for cell therapy and regenerative medicine applications, either alone as an injected suspension, or dispersed within injectable hydrogel delivery systems, greater understanding of the structure-function-property characteristics of suspensions of adhesion-dependent mesenchymal cells is required. In this paper, we present the results of an experimental study into the flow behavior of concentrated suspensions of living cells of mesenchymal origin (fibroblasts) over a wide range of cell concentrations, with and without the addition of hyaluronic acid (HA), a commonly utilized biomolecule in injectable hydrogel formulations. We characterize the change in the shear viscosity as a function of shear stress and shear rate for cell volume fractions varying from 20 to 60%. We show that high volume fraction suspensions of living mesenchymal cells, known to be capable of homotypic interactions, exhibit highly complex but reproducible rheological footprints, including yield stress, shear thinning and shear-induced fracture behaviors. We show that with the addition of HA, we can significantly modify and tailor the rheology of these cell suspensions at all volume fractions. Using FACS and confocal imaging, we show that the observed effect of HA addition is due to a significantly modulation in the formation of cellular aggregates in these suspensions, and thus the resultant volume spanning network. Considering the aggregates as fractal structures, we show that by taking into account the changes in volume fractions with shear, we are able to plot a master curve for the range of conditions investigated and extract from it the average adhesion force between individual cells, across a population of millions of cells. The outcomes of this study not only provide new insight into the complexity of the flow behaviors of concentrated, adhesive mesenchymal cell suspensions, and their sensitivity to associative biomacromolecule addition, but also a novel, rapid method by which to measure the average adhesion force between individual cells, and the impacts of biomacromolecules on this important parameter.
Superstrider Sparse-to-Dense Stream Converter (Simulation). (2018)

Abstract not provided.