gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Purification of Thrombopoietin from Thrombocytopenic Plasma (1997)

The identification and purification of the humoral regulator of platelet production has long been a major goal in the field of hematology. The initial isolation of erythropoietin (EPO) and subsequently of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and monocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) suggested that a similar lineage-specific factor regulated platelet production. The commercial success of the previously identified lineage-specific factors provided further incentive.
To what degree does cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease predict dependence of patients on caregivers? (2002)

In patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, even relatively small degrees of poorer cognitive function increased the risk of losing the ability to live independently.
Modeling energy efficiency in wireless internet communication (2009)

For wireless mobile Internet users the length of the battery life is one of the most important performance factors. The energy efficiency of the data transmission over radio is a key component affecting the battery lifetime. This paper investigates WLAN energy consumption in network communication on a Mobile handset. We introduce an energy model that allows analysis and simulation of the energy efficiency of the Internet protocols on a Wireless Network Interface, and have extended the NS-2 simulation platform to allow investigating the energy consumption of the Radio Modem and the Power Amplifier in WLAN 802.11g network interface of a mobile device. We have also validated our model against measurements on real wireless hardware, and show that the simulation results closely match the real world behavior. We claim to present more detailed and accurate model of the WLAN energy consumption than what is done by the past work that allows designing and optimizing future Internet protocols towards more energy efficient behavior.
Ultrasound-aided pedestrian dead reckoning for indoor navigation (2008)

Ad hoc solutions for tracking and providing navigation support to emergency response teams is an important and safety-critical challenge. We propose a navigation system based on a combination of foot-mounted inertial sensors and ultrasound beacons. We evaluate experimentally the performance of our dead reckoning system in different environments and for different trail topologies. The inherent drift observed in dead reckoning is addressed by deploying ultrasound beacons as landmarks. We study through simulations the use of the proposed approach in guiding a person along a defined path. Simulation results show that satisfactory guidance performance is achieved despite noisy ultrasound measurements, magnetic interference and uncertainty in ultrasound node locations. The models used for the simulations are based on experimental data and the authors' experience with actual sensors. The simulation results will be used to inform future development of a full real time system.
A probability of error-constrained sequential decision algorithm for data-rich automatic target recognition (2010)

This paper illustrates an approach to sequential hypothesis testing designed not to minimize the amount of data collected but to reduce the overall amount of processing required, while still guaranteeing pre-specified conditional probabilities of error. The approach is potentially useful when sensor data are plentiful but time and processing capability are constrained. The approach gradually reduces the number of target hypotheses under consideration as more sensor data are processed, proportionally allocating time and processing resources to the most likely target classes. The approach is demonstrated on a multi-class ladar-based target recognition problem and compared with uniform-computation tests.
Supplementary Tables from Multiomic Analysis of Lung Tumors Defines Pathways Activated in Neuroendocrine Transformation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental tables S1-S15&lt;/p&gt;
Domestic Violence From a Child Perspective: Impact of an Immersive Virtual Reality Experience on Men With a History of Intimate Partner Violent Behavior (2022)

Domestic violence has long-term negative consequences on children. In this study, men with a history of partner aggression and a control group of non-offenders were embodied in a child's body from a first-person perspective in virtual reality (VR). From this perspective, participants witnessed a scene of domestic violence where a male avatar assaulted a female avatar. We evaluated the impact of the experience on emotion recognition skills and heart rate deceleration responses. We found that the experience mainly impacted the recognition of angry facial expressions. The results also indicate that males with a history of partner aggression had larger physiological responses during an explicit violent event (when the virtual abuser threw a telephone) compared with controls, while their physiological reactions were less pronounced when the virtual abuser invaded the victim's personal space. We show that embodiment from a child's perspective during a conflict situation in VR impacts emotion recognition, physiological reactions, and attitudes towards violence. We provide initial evidence of the potential of VR in the rehabilitation and neuropsychological assessment of males with a history of domestic violence, especially in relation to children.
Charge transfer in collisions ofC2+ions with H atoms at low-keV energies: A possible bound state ofCH2+ (1998)

Electron capture in ${\mathrm{C}}^{2+}+\mathrm{H}$ collisions is studied theoretically by using a semiclassical molecular representation with nine molecular states for the doublet manifold at collision energies above 10 eV. The ab initio potential curves and nonadiabatic coupling matrix elements for the ${\mathrm{CH}}^{2+}$ system are obtained from the multireference single- and double-excitation configuration interaction method. The adiabatic potential curves show no bound state for the $1{}^{2}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ state, but a very shallow well in the $2{}^{2}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ potential, suggesting a possibility of a bound state of ${\mathrm{CH}}^{2+}.$ The corresponding total and partial cross sections for charge transfer are found to be in a reasonable agreement with experiment in shape, but the present magnitude is found to be larger by nearly a factor of 2 at the high-energy end.
Cysteine Sulphinate and Cysteate: Mediators of Cysteine Toxicity in the Neonatal Rat Brain? (1993)

Excitotoxic amino acids contain two acidic groups, but cysteine represents an exception to this rule. The hypothesis that cysteine toxicity is mediated by the oxidized and diacidic metabolites cysteine sulphinate and/or cysteate was tested in the present study. The issue was approached in three different ways. Firstly, the distribution of brain injury after subcutaneous administration of cysteine (1 mg/g) to 4-day-old rats was compared with that caused by cysteine sulphinate (3 mg/g). Secondly, the effects of excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists on cysteine and cysteine sulphinate toxicity were investigated. Thirdly, the cerebral concentrations of cysteine sulphinate were determined after cysteine administration and compared with those obtained after cysteine sulphinate injection. The cerebral cortex was the region most vulnerable to cysteine toxicity, followed by the hippocampus (especially the medial subicular neurons), amygdala, caudoputamen, cerebellum and septum. Pronounced extravasation of red blood cells was observed in lesioned areas. One day after cysteine administration, the injury was infarction-like and sharply demarcated. Cysteine sulphinate-induced damage resembled cysteine-induced lesions in some respects: the anterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortices, as well as medial subicular cells, were quite vulnerable. However, the differences prevailed. Cysteine sulphinate, but not cysteine, killed neurons of the superficial part of the tectum, the medial habenula, the ventromedial hypothalamus and the arcuate nucleus. Further, while cysteine toxicity was prominent in deep cortical layers, cysteine sulphinate preferentially damaged superficial cortical neurons. Cysteine toxicity was abolished by pretreatment with MK-801, a selective NMDA antagonist, but not by 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulphamoyl-benzo(F)quinoxaline, a selective AMPA receptor blocker. In contrast, the considerably smaller lesion seen after cysteine sulphinate administration was only partially prevented by MK-801. Large (19-fold) increases in cortical cysteine sulphinate concentration were noted after injection of a toxic dose of cysteine. This corresponds to 90 nmol cysteine sulphinate/g protein. The cysteate concentration was not increased above the detection limit. Injection of a toxic dose of cysteine sulphinate elevated cysteine sulphinate concentration in the frontomedial cortex (a region consistently injured by cysteine sulphinate) almost three orders of magnitude more than that observed after cysteine administration. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that neither cysteine sulphinate nor cysteate alone mediate cysteine toxicity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Visual approach for MEMS gyroscope drift compensation (2014)

This paper presents the design of an attitude determination system from a small satellite perspective that automatically corrects for attitude drift using relative attitude measurements generated using a small imager. The visual attitude propagation approach, referred to as the “stellar gyroscope”, is a star imaging system that generates relative attitude measurements between star field images with common stars, without using a star database. The Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) approach used in star pair detection offers significant noise immunity, which allows the approach to be implemented using miniature cameras with lower signal to noise ratios, providing a new alternative for miniature spacecraft (such as CubeSats). The various mechanism of attitude estimate drift when using MEMS rate gyroscopes are discussed in detail. The stellar gyroscope concept is described, and a Kalman filter is described that can utilize the relative attitude measurements provided by the stellar gyroscope in order to maintain a high accuracy attitude fix throughout the orbit.
Effect of ephedrine and phenylephrine on brain oxygenation and microcirculation in anaesthetised patients with cerebral tumours: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (2017)

NCT02713087; Pre-results. 2015-001359-60; Pre-results.
In vitro effects of metals and pesticides on dehydrogenase activity in microbial community of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) rhizoplane (2007)

Effects of heavy metals and pesticides on cowpea (Vigna unquiculata) rhizoplane microbial community were assessed in vitro via dehydrogenase activity. The microbial community was exposed to various concentrations of heavy metals and pesticides in a nutrient broth-glucose-2,3,5-triphenyl chloride (TTC) medium. At 0.2 mM, iron and cadmium stimulated the dehydrogenase activity of the microbial community. For all the metal ions, there was progressive inhibition with each successive increase in the concentration of metal ion, reaching near 100% at 0.6, 0.8, 1.2, 0.12 and 12 mM for cobalt, cadmium, iron, mercury and nickel, respectively. Between 0.2 and 0.4 mM, zinc sharply inhibited dehydrogenase activity and at concentration above 0.4 mm, inhibition of dehydrogenase activity became less pronounced. The order of toxicity is Hg2+ > Co2+ > Cd2+ > Zn2+ > Fe2+ > Ni2+. The herbicides Cotrazine (Atrazine 80W) and Northrin®10EC stimulated dehydrogenase activity of the microbial community at 0.2% and inhibited it at higher concentrations. The median inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of Cotrazine (Atrazine 80W) and Northrin®10EC were 0.552 ± 0.028 and 0.593 ±0.051%, respectively. The dehydrogenase activity varied significantly (p < 0.05) with the type and concentrations of metals or pesticides. The result indicates that the heavy metals and pesticides are potentially toxic to V. unquiculata root surface microorganisms. In soil, this toxicity may affect nitrogen fixation processes and by extrapolation affect crop yield.

	 

	Key words: Dehydrogenase activity, rhizosplane bacteria, atrazine, cypermethrin, heavy metals, cowpea.
The new collagenase, collagenase-3, is expressed and synthesized by human chondrocytes but not by synoviocytes. A role in osteoarthritis. (1996)

Recently, a new human collagenase, collagenase-3 has been identified. Since collagen changes are of particular importance in cartilage degeneration, we investigated if collagenase-3 plays a role in osteoarthritis (OA). Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis revealed that in articular tissues collagenase-3 was expressed by the chondrocytes but not by the synoviocytes. Northern blot analysis of the chondrocyte mRNA revealed the presence of two major gene transcripts of 3.0 and 2.5 kb, and a third one of 2.2 kb was occasionally present. Compared to normal, OA showed a significantly higher (3.0 kb, P < or = 0.05; 2.5 kb, P < or = 0.03) level of collagenase-3 mRNA expression. Collagenase-3 had a higher catalytic velocity tate (about fivefold) than collagenase-1 on type II collagen. With the use of two specific antibodies, we showed that human chondrocytes had the ability to produce collagenase-3 as a proenzyme and as a glycosylated doublet. The chondrocyte collagenase-3 protein is produced in a significantly higher (P < or = 0.04) level in OA (approximately 9.5-fold) than in normal. The synthesis and expression of this new collagenase could also be modulated by two proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This study provides novel and interesting data on collagenase-3 expression and synthesis in human cartilage cells and suggest its involvement in human OA cartilage patho-physiology.
Dual regulation of telomerase activity through c-Myc-dependent inhibition and alternative splicing of hTERT (2002)

Telomerase is believed to be induced upon proliferation and inhibited when cells differentiate. Thus, regulation of telomerase activity could be an important mechanism to limit growth of normal and cancer cells. Using transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1), which is known to control proliferation in epithelial cells, we now demonstrate that in the human HaCaT skin keratinocytes, TGF-beta1 downregulated c-Myc, and this blocked proliferation. This also caused a decrease in hTERT expression, which in turn inhibited telomerase activity. Overexpressing hTERT recovered telomerase activity but not proliferation, whereas constitutive expression of c-Myc recovered proliferation and hTERT expression. Nevertheless, telomerase remained inhibited, thus dissociating proliferation and telomerase activity. In addition, we show that TGF-beta1 inhibited telomerase activity despite ongoing hTERT transcription by inducing loss of the full-length hTERT transcript (mediating telomerase activity) and retaining high expression of the inactive beta variant. These changes in the splicing pattern reversed upon TGF-beta1 removal, as did inhibition of telomerase activity, suggesting that alternative splicing may represent a novel mechanism of telomerase regulation by TGF-beta1. In addition, we show that destruction of tissue integrity (in a model for epidermal blistering) resulted in a rapid induction of the inactive beta variant, whereas tissue regeneration (formation of a stratified epithelium) correlated with a shift to the active full-length transcript, which is the dominant form in intact epidermis. Thus alternative splicing may not be restricted to TGF-beta1 but may add a more general mechanism of hTERT regulation in epidermal cells.
A case of 16-ene-synthetase deficiency in male pseudohermaphroditism due to combined 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (1995)

A 17-year-old phenotypic female with primary hypergonadotropic amenorrhea, absence of secondary sexual development, hypertension and 46 XY karyotype is presented. Hormonal analysis revealed very low levels of testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, estrogens, cortisol and high levels of ACTH, progesterone, deoxycorticosterone and corticosterone. Enzyme studies of the testicular tissue after bilateral gonadectomy showed absence of 17 alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activity as well as 16-ene-synthetase activity. This enzyme catalyzes the reaction from pregnenolone to 5,16-androstadien-3 beta-ol, a sex pheromone precursor. The other enzyme systems leading from pregnenolone to testosterone were intact. This is the first report of male pseudohermaphroiditism in which the combination of 17 alpha-hydroxylase, 17,20-lyase and 16-ene-synthetase deficiency is described, indicating that all these activities might be associated with the same protein.
Stacked volume holographic gratings for extending the operational wavelength range in LED and solar applications (2020)

A novel stacking procedure is presented for volume phase holographic gratings (VPHGs) recorded in photopolymer material using Corning Willow Glass as a flexible substrate in order to achieve broader angular and spectral selectivity in a diffractive device with high efficiency for solar and LED applications. For the first time to our knowledge, we have shown a device designed for use with a white LED that has the same input and output angles and high efficiency when illuminated by different wavelengths. In this paper, two VPHGs were designed, experimentally recorded, and tested when illuminated at normal incidence. The experimental approach is based on stacking two individual gratings in which the spatial frequency and slant have been tailored to the target wavelength and using real-time on-Bragg monitoring of the gratings in order to control the recorded refractive index modulation, thereby optimizing each grating efficiency for its design wavelength. Lamination of the two gratings together was enabled by using a flexible glass substrate (Corning Willow Glass). Recording conditions were studied in order to minimize the change in diffraction efficiency and peak diffraction angle during lamination and bleaching. The final fabricated stacked device was illuminated by a white light source, and its output was spectrally analyzed. Compared to a single grating, the stacked device demonstrated a twofold increase in angular and wavelength range. The angular and wavelength selectivity curves are in good agreement with the theoretical prediction for this design. This approach could be used to fabricate stacked lenses for white light LED or solar applications.
Expression of antimicrobial neutrophil defensins in epithelial cells of active inflammatory bowel disease mucosa (2002)

HNP 1-3 and lysozyme are expressed in surface enterocytes of mucosa with active IBD and they may play an important role in intestinal host defence against luminal microorganisms.
Long-Term Behavior of Low-Heat Cement Concrete under Different Curing Temperatures (2016)

The present study is to estimate long-term characteristics of low-heat cement-based ternary blended concrete prepared for reducing hydration heat in mass concrete. 15% modified fly ash and 5% limestone powder were added for partial replacement of the low-heat cement. To achieve the designed compressive strength of 42 MPa, water-to-binder ratios were determined to be 27.5, 30 and 32.5% for ambient curing temperatures of 5, 20 and 40°C, respectively. Test results showed that, with the decrease in curing temperature, the drying shrinkage strains tended to decrease, whereas creep strain increased.
[Base composition of DNA from fluoride resistant strains of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus]. (2001)

The genotypes of F-resistant strains of S.mutans and S.sobrinus have been changed and may comprise several gene mutations.
Recycling of Waste Corundum Abrasive Powder in MK-Based Geopolymers (2022)

Recycling corundum abrasive powder in metakaolin-based geopolymer formulations is proposed to reduce the amount of waste to be treated or disposed of in landfills, allowing to decrease ecological damage as well as to reduce transport costs for removal. The addition of waste corundum, as an important source of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, has proved to increase the slight ionic conductivity of the leachate solution obtained after immersion in water of samples at 28 d of curing at room temperature. With the same curing conditions, the geopolymerization process has not been disturbed as evidenced by the FT-IR peak shift and XRD patterns. It was recorded a decrease in resistance to compression of the consolidated geopolymers of about 5% with 10 wt% addition and of about 77% with the addition of 20 wt% of waste corundum. In any case, the waste abrasive powder does not release heavy metals when added to a geopolymeric formulation based on MK, NaOH, and Na-silicate, and does not show relevant antibacterial properties, indicating the formation of a stable and safe final product with a ceramic-like appearance.
Magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles grafted by DOPO and its flame retardancy in ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymers (2020)

Abstract Magnesium hydroxide (MH) nanoparticles have been considered as an excellent nonhalogen flame‐retardant. However, the drawbacks of easy aggregation and relatively low flame retardancy limit their applications in polymer materials. In this research, MH nanoparticles were successfully grafted by 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) through the bridge of vinyl silane coupling agents (WD70). The grafted MH nanoparticles (MH‐WD70‐DOPO) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra. MH‐WD70‐DOPO nanoparticles were incorporated into ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) matrix by melt blending method. The results indicated that MH‐WD70‐DOPO nanoparticles were much homogenously dispersed in EVA matrix than unmodified MH particles. EVA/MH‐WD70‐DOPO nanocomposites with 51.32 wt% loading showed higher flame retardancy, better mechanical and processing properties compared with EVA/MH‐WD70 sample. These findings could provide a novel method to enhance the flame‐retardant efficiency of inorganic hydroxide flame retardants, while keeping good mechanical and processing properties of polymer materials.
Reflecting on the DARPA Red Balloon Challenge (2011)

Finding 10 balloons across the U.S. illustrates how the Internet has changed the way we solve highly distributed problems.
Streaming compressed 3D data on the web using JavaScript and WebGL (2013)

With the development of Web3D technologies, the delivery and visualization of 3D models on the web is now possible and is bound to increase both in the industry and for the general public. However the interactive remote visualization of 3D graphic data in a web browser remains a challenging issue. Indeed, most of existing systems suffer from latency (due to the data downloading time) and lack of adaptation to heterogeneous networks and client devices (i.e. the lack of levels of details); these drawbacks seriously affect the quality of user experience. This paper presents a technical solution for streaming and visualization of compressed 3D data on the web. Our approach leans upon three strong features: (1) a dedicated progressive compression algorithm for 3D graphic data with colors producing a binary compressed format which allows a progressive decompression with several levels of details; (2) the introduction of a JavaScript halfedge data structure allowing complex geometrical and topological operations on a 3D mesh; (3) the multi-thread JavaScript/WebGL implementation of the decompression scheme allowing 3D data streaming in a web browser. Experiments and comparison with existing solutions show promising results in terms of latency, adaptability and quality of user experience.