gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High electron mobility in epitaxial SnO2−x in semiconducting regime (2015)

We investigated the electronic transport properties of epitaxial SnO2−x thin films on r-plane sapphire substrates. The films were grown by pulsed laser deposition technique and its epitaxial growth direction was [101] and the in-plane alignment was of SnO2−x [010]//Al2O3[12̄10]. When the SnO2−x films were grown in the oxygen pressure of 30 mTorr, we have found the electron mobility of the 30 nm thick SnO2−x thin films strongly dependent on the thicknesses of the fully oxidized insulating SnO2 buffer layer. When the buffer layer thickness increased from 100 nm to 700 nm, the electron mobility of values increased from 23 cm2 V−1 s−1 to 106 cm2 V−1 s−1 and the carrier density increased from 9 × 1017 cm−3 to 3 × 1018 cm−3, which we attribute to reduction of large density of dislocations as the buffer layer thickness increases. In addition, we studied the doping dependence of the electron mobility of SnO2−x thin films grown on top of 500 nm thick insulating SnO2 buffer layers. The oxygen vacancy doping level was controlled by the oxygen pressure during deposition. As the oxygen pressure increased to 47.5 mTorr, the carrier density was found to decrease to 9.1 × 1016 cm−3 and the electron mobility values to 13 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is consistent with the dislocation limited transport properties. We also checked the conductance change of the SnO2−x during thermal annealing cycles, demonstrating unusual stability of its oxygen. The correlation between the electronic transport properties and microstructural defects investigated by the transmission electron microscopy was drawn. The excellent oxygen stability and high electron mobility of low carrier density SnO2−x films demonstrate its potential as a transparent oxide semiconductor.
Preparation, Crystal Chemistry, and Hidden Magnetic Order in the Family of Trigonal Layered Tellurates A2Mn(4+)TeO6 (A = Li, Na, Ag, or Tl) (2019)

We report the first four magnetic representatives of the trigonal layered A<sub>2</sub>M(4+)TeO<sub>6</sub> (here, M = Mn) family. Na<sub>2</sub>MnTeO<sub>6</sub> was synthesized from NaMnO<sub>2</sub>, NaNO<sub>3</sub>, and TeO<sub>2</sub> at 650-720 °C, but analogues for which A = Li and K could not be obtained by direct synthesis. However, those for which A = Li, Ag, and Tl (but not K) were prepared by exchange reactions between Na<sub>2</sub>MnTeO<sub>6</sub> and the corresponding molten nitrates. The oxygen content was verified by redox titration. According to the X-ray diffraction Rietveld analysis, the four new compounds are isostructural with Na<sub>2</sub>GeTeO<sub>6</sub>, trigonal ( P3̅1 c), based on ilmenite-like layers of edge-shared oxygen octahedra occupied by Mn(4+) and Te(6+) in an ordered manner. These layers are separated by cations A, also in a distorted octahedral coordination. However, off-center displacement of Tl<sup>+</sup> is so strong, due to the lone-pair effect, that its coordination is better described as trigonal pyramid. Each MnO<sub>6</sub> octahedron shares two opposite faces with AO<sub>6</sub> octahedra, whereas TeO<sub>6</sub> octahedra avoid sharing faces. Besides this double-layered structure, Na<sub>2</sub>MnTeO<sub>6</sub> was often accompanied by a transient triple-layered rhombohedral polytype. However, it could not be prepared as a single phase and disappeared on annealing at 700-720 °C. All A<sub>2</sub>MnTeO<sub>6</sub> samples (A = Ag, Li, Na, or Tl) revealed the unusual phenomenon of hidden magnetic order. Low-field magnetic susceptibility data exhibit a Curie-Weiss type behavior for all samples under study and do not show any sign of the establishment of long-range magnetic order down to 2 K. In contrast, both the magnetic susceptibility in sufficiently high external magnetic fields and the zero-field specific heat unambiguously revealed an onset of antiferromagnetic order at low temperatures. The frustration index f = Θ/ T<sub>N</sub> takes values larger than the classical values for three-dimensional antiferromagnets and implies moderate frustration on the triangular lattice.
Specific targeting of the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl inhibits glioma cell proliferation, migration and capacity for tumor formation (2015)

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the specific Axl-inhibitor BGB 324 on glioma cell proliferation, migration and tumor initiating capacity. Method: Axl expression in glioblastoma cell lines was analyzed by microarrays, quantitative real time PCR, Western blot and flow [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
ChemInform Abstract: Dimetalation of Pyrazines. A One‐Pot Synthesis of Multisubstituted Pyrazine C‐Nucleosides. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Radar Study of Polarization Structure of Precipitation (1997)

Polarization structures of different kinds of precipitation are experimentally studied with ground-based radars. The behavior and characteristic values of the differential reflectivity, depolarization ratio and Stokes parameters for different weather objects are discussed. Statistical data corresponding to the polarization parameters are given. The possibility to classify weather objects with statistical procedures is shown. In particular, a method to detect hail based on radar polarimetry is confirmed experimentally, and the reliability of the procedure is assessed.
Effect of Thoracic Sympathectomy on Exercise Tolerance and Cardio- Pulmonary Responses to Exercise (2008)

PURPOSE: Sympathetic denervation may limit exercise performance capacity by reducing cardiac output and/or by negatively affecting skeletal muscle metabolic behavior. To test this hypothesis, we studied the effect of endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) for palmar and/or axillary hyperhidrosis on physiological responses at rest, and during submaximal and maximal exercise in 10 healthy patients (7 females and 3 males 18-40 years old) with idiopathic palmar and/or axillary hyperhidrosis. METHODS: T2-T3 thoracoscopic sympathicolysis was performed using a simplified one stage bilateral procedure. Physiological variables were recorded at rest and during sub-maximal (steady-state) and maximal treadmill exercise before and 70 (±7.5, SD) days after bilateral ETS. RESULTS: Palmar and/or axillary hyperhidrosis was relieved in every patient, confirming the T2- T3 denervation. After bilateral ETS exercise performance capacity (peak work rate reached) and peak VO2 were not different than prior to the ETS. However, heart rate was significantly reduced at rest 14%), at sub-maximal exercise (12.3%) and at peak exercise (5.7%) together with a significant increase in oxygen pulse (11.8%, 12.7% and 7.8%, respectively).The rate Pressure Product (RPP) was also significantly reduced following the surgical procedure at all three study stages. All other physiological variables measured remained unchanged during the three study's stages. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that sympathetic denervation of the upper limb do not affect exercise performance or mechanical/physiologic efficiency despite a significant reduction in heart rate (at rest and during exercise) which was, most likely, fully compensated by an increase in stroke volume and/or by an improved muscle O2 extraction and/or utilization (as indicated by the increased O2pulse), keeping the cardiac output and oxygen uptake unaffected.
Confinement effects of CdSe nanocrystals intercalated into mesoporous silica (2010)

CdSe nanocrystals are intercalated into ordered hexagonal arrays of mesoporous silica. The nanocrystals are clearly confined in the channels and their size was estimated to be consistent with the pore size. Transmission electron microscopy suggests that CdSe nanocrystals have a spherical morphology and are stabilized from aggregation after intercalation. The shift of the longitudinal optical bands in the Raman spectra is caused by a combination of phonon confinement and strain effects from the compressed lattice of the intercalated CdSe nanocrystals and the experimental results agree well to the theoretical consideration.
Magnetic, transport and thermal studies in the zero magnetization alloy Nd0.75Ho0.25Al2 (2009)

The result of dc and ac magnetization, heat capacity and magneto-resistance measurements in the polycrystalline and single crystal samples at the stoichiometry, Nd0.75Ho0.25Al2, are presented. Magnetic compensation between the antiferromagnetically coupled Nd and Ho moments in nominal zero field, and the field induced reorientation of the Nd/Ho moments in H = 5 kOe are observed to happen at the same temperature for H ∥ [100], [110] and [111] directions. The ac magnetization data also appear to imprint the field-induced moment reversal process in polycrystalline as well as in a single crystal sample (for H ∥ [100]). Intriguingly, the magneto-resistivity data in H = 10 kOe show three sign reversals below Tc.
AR Expression in Breast Cancer CTCs Associates with Bone Metastases (2018)

Molecular drivers underlying bone metastases in human cancer are not well understood, in part due to constraints in bone tissue sampling. Here, RNA sequencing was performed of circulating tumor cells (CTC) isolated from blood samples of women with metastatic estrogen receptor (ER)<sup>+</sup> breast cancer, comparing cases with progression in bone versus visceral organs. Among the activated cellular pathways in CTCs from bone-predominant breast cancer is androgen receptor (AR) signaling. AR gene expression is evident, as is its constitutively active splice variant AR-v7. AR expression within CTCs is correlated with the duration of treatment with aromatase inhibitors, suggesting that it contributes to acquired resistance to endocrine therapy. In an established breast cancer xenograft model, a bone-tropic derivative displays increased AR expression, whose genetic or pharmacologic suppression reduces metastases to bone but not to lungs. Together, these observations identify AR signaling in CTCs from women with bone-predominant ER<sup>+</sup> breast cancer, and provide a rationale for testing androgen inhibitors in this subset of patients.<b>Implications:</b> This study highlights a role for the AR in breast cancer bone metastasis, and suggests that therapeutic targeting of the AR may benefit patients with metastatic breast cancer. <i>Mol Cancer Res; 16(4); 720-7. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Expression of MsLEC1‐ and MsLEC2‐antisense genes in alfalfa plant lines causes severe embryogenic, developmental and reproductive abnormalities (2001)

Although it has been proposed that plant lectins play a number of roles, the function of these proteins in normal plant growth and development has been unclear. To analyze the functions of putative alfalfa lectin genes, lines of transgenic alfalfa plants expressing approximately half of the open reading frame of MsLEC1 or MsLEC2, in the antisense or sense orientation, were established and analyzed. The antisense plants displayed severe abnormalities in embryogenesis, and both vegetative and reproductive development were perturbed. Some differences were observed between MsLEC1- and MsLEC2-antisense plants, and abnormalities were especially severe during the early stages of development in both the primary and secondary transgenic generations. In contrast, vector-control and sense-transgene plants exhibited normal growth and development. MsLEC1 and MsLEC2 mRNA accumulation levels were reduced in cognate antisense plants, especially during the later stages of embryogenesis, but also tended to be low in MsLEC1 sense-transgene plants. However, correlated with the phenotypic abnormalities observed in the MsLEC1-antisense plants was the specific reduction in the accumulation of a candidate MsLEC1 protein. Our results suggest that the MsLEC1 and MsLEC2 gene products, in addition to being important for embryogenesis, are required throughout alfalfa development.
Genetic Factors in Canine Narcolepsy (1978)

The mating of narcopleptic Doberman pinschers yielded 30 puppies in five litters, all of which developed the disease between 1 and 4 months of age. Pedigrees of the Doberman probands are indicative of an autosomal recessive mode of transmission. An analysis of the pedigree of five affected Labrador retriever littermates suggests a similar mode of transmission. Crosses of affected dogs in two other breeds (miniature poodles and beagles) have resulted in all-unaffected F1 generations, thus allowing rejection of the simplest genetic hypothesis of a fully penetrant autosomal or sex-linked dominant or recessive gene.
Adaptive Identification on the Group of Rigid Body Rotations (2006)

This paper reports a novel stable adaptive identifier on the group of rigid body rotations, and its application to a sensor calibration problem arising in underwater vehicle navigation. The problem addressed is the identification of a rigid-body rotation map from input-output data. General least-square and adaptive identification techniques are commonly employed to identify general linear maps from input-output data, but do not guarantee that the resulting identified map is a rigid body rotation. At present, a least-square singular value decomposition approach is the standard method for identification constrained to the group of rigid body rotations. This paper reports the first exact adaptive identifier on the group of rigid body rotations, together with a proof of stability. The performance of this adaptive identifier is evaluated on actual experimental data and found to compare favorably with results obtained via previously reported least-squares techniques. The methodology reported herein is of broader interest because of its applicability to general problems in the identification, dynamics, and control on the group of rigid body motions.
ChemInform Abstract: Coumarin as Dipolarophile Towards 3,5‐Dichloro‐2,4,6‐ trimethylbenzonitrile Oxide. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Proposal for Service Model for Internet Identity Management (2008)

The incredible progress of information and communication technology has allowed various information and communication services to emerge in the Web environment. Such a service is initiated when the user provides his/her personal information to the service provider and is then given an identifier and authentication data. A series of the processes is inconvenient as it requires authentication by the service provider each time that the user requests the service. Furthermore, as the user subscribes to more services, the volume of ID and authentication information increases. This compels the users to use an ID that is easy to remember or to register the same ID over and over, increasing the risk of ID hacking. It is clear that such threats will become more serious as our lives become more dependent upon the Internet and as the Internet service environment advances. With the introduction of different services, the need to efficiently manage ID has been raised. In this paper, a Internet Identity Management Service that enables the control of the flow of the user’s personal information, which is used and stored for the Internet service, is proposed from the user's perspective.
Neurobiology of pain (2006)

The neurobiology of pain had a notable interest in research focused on the study of neuronal plasticity development, nociceptors, molecular identity, signaling mechanism, ionic channels involved in the generation, modulation and propagation of action potential in all type of excitable cells. All the findings open the possibility for developing new therapeutic treatment. Nociceptive/inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain represent two different kinds of persistent chronic pain. We have reviewed the different mechanism suggested for the maintenance of pain, like descending nociceptive mechanism and their changes after tissue damage, including suppression and facilitation of defence behavior during pain. The role of these changes in inducing NMDA and AMPA receptors gene expression, after prolonged inflammation is emphasized by several authors. Furthermore, a relation between a persistent pain and amygdale has been shown. Molecular biology is the new frontier in the study of neurobiology of pain. Since the entire genome has been studied, we will able to find new genes involved in specific condition such as pain, because an altered gene expression can regulate neuronal activity after inflammation or tissue damage.
Pocket-size multiplexed electrical detection of biosubstances by ultra sensitive nanowire nanosensors (2009)

Here we present the design and fabrication of ultra sensitive nanowire nanosensors primarily for the detection of biosubstances. It is an autonomous high signal-to-noise ratio system with read-out electronic circuit capable to measure four nanowires simultaneously. The system response to the pH buffer solution was tested and found to be 8.83 mV per pH with the noise background level of 200 ¿V RMS. Detection limit of the system was calculated to be 0.023 pH demonstrating its suitability for highly sensitive bio-measurements.
Privacy Capsules (2016)

Preventing the leakage of user information via untrusted third-party apps is a key challenge in mobile privacy. We propose and evaluate privacy capsules (PCs), a platform execution model for mobile apps that prevents the flow of private information to untrusted parties by design. With PCs, apps execute in two sequential phases. In the unsealed phase, the app has no access to sensitive input but full access to untrusted network resources. In the sealed state, the untrusted app has access to sensitive input, but can no longer communicate with untrusted resources. Privacy capsules are implemented by the mobile platform, are language independent, and require few changes to apps. Using a prototype PC implementation in Android, we show that PCs have low performance and energy overhead, and are suitable for a large class of apps.
LensFD: Using Lenses for Improved Sub-6 GHz Massive MIMO Full-Duplex (2023)

Massive MIMO has emerged as a key-enabler to deliver the high data-rates in current and next-generation systems. Many massive MIMO deployments use time-division duplex (TDD), thereby opening the door for the potential use of full-duplex at base-stations. In this paper, we present LensFD, a scalable method to enable cost-effective massive MIMO full-duplex operation in sub-6 GHz frequencies with a focus on the CBRS band of 3.5 GHz. LensFD uses a low-cost lens array combined with transmit precoding to reshape the effective beam pattern of antennas in massive MIMO arrays to reduce self-interference. We tested three lens configurations in LensFD experimentally with a software-defined 40-antenna base-station and demonstrate a significant improvement in self-interference reduction and hence overall increased system capacity to 1.6× over the TDD counterpart. As an important contribution, we will open-source the large measurement dataset from our experiments.
Environmental fate and properties of pyriproxyfen (2008)

Pyriproxyfen is a broad-spectrum insect growth regulator (IGR) with insecticidal activity against public health insect pests such as houseflies, mosquitoes and cockroaches. In agriculture and horticulture, pyriproxyfen has registered uses for the control of scale, whitefly, aphids and fire ants. It is used extensively worldwide, particularly in developing countries, although it has no significant uses in California. Pyriproxyfen acts on the endocrine system of insects by mimicking the juvenile hormone, thereby hindering molting and subsequently inhibiting reproduction. IGRs are unique in that they are specific for insects and have very low mammalian toxicity. As such, pyriproxyfen has received U.S. EPA status as a Reduced Risk insecticide and an organophosphate alternative and is the only pesticide approved by the World Health Organization (WHO) for treatment of potable water against mosquito. However, concerns about its environmental persistence and latent toxicity to nontarget organisms have been recently raised and discussed. In this context, a detailed review of the environmental fate and physicochemical properties of pyriproxyfen from the available scientific literature and from data gathered in its development and testing is needed. This paper gathers, combines, and abridges important environmental fate and property data on pyriproxyfen for academics, environmental scientists and agricultural professionals needing ready access to this information.
Routing bandwidth guaranteed paths with local restoration in label switched networks (2005)

The emerging multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) networks enable network service providers to route bandwidth guaranteed paths between customer sites. This basic label switched path (LSP) routing is often enhanced using restoration routing which sets up alternate LSPs to guarantee uninterrupted connectivity in case network links or nodes along primary path fail. We address the problem of distributed routing of restoration paths, which can be defined as follows: given a request for a bandwidth guaranteed LSP between two nodes, find a primary LSP, and a set of backup LSPs that protect the links along the primary LSP. A routing algorithm that computes these paths must optimize the restoration latency and the amount of bandwidth used. We introduce the concept of "backtracking" to bound the restoration latency. We consider three different cases characterized by a parameter called backtracking distance D: 1) no backtracking (D=0); 2) limited backtracking (D=k); and 3) unlimited backtracking (D=/spl infin/). We use a link cost model that captures bandwidth sharing among links using various types of aggregate link-state information. We first show that joint optimization of primary and backup paths is NP-hard in all cases. We then consider algorithms that compute primary and backup paths in two separate steps. Using link cost metrics that capture bandwidth sharing, we devise heuristics for each case. Our simulation study shows that these algorithms offer a way to tradeoff bandwidth to meet a range of restoration latency requirements.
High-dose Chemotherapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Nasopharyngeal Cancer: a Feasibility Study (2003)

HDCT with autologous PBSCT is feasible with an acceptable toxicity, and can convert partial remission into complete remission. While no long-term disease-free survival was observed in this study, further investigations are needed to establish the role of HDCT in the treatment of NPC.