gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early repair of open abdomen with a tailored two-component mesh and conditioning vacuum packing: a safe alternative to the planned giant ventral hernia (2012)

The four-stage procedure presented here is a viable option for achieving abdominal wall closure in patients treated with open abdomen, enabling us to avoid the development of planned giant ventral hernias. It has few complications and has the special advantage of allowing mobilization of the patients before final skin closure. Long-term course in a large number of patients must still confirm this result.
Micromachined piconewton force sensor for biophysics investigations (2006)

The authors describe a micromachined force sensor that is able to measure forces as small as 1pN in both air and water. First, they measured the force field produced by an electromagnet on individual 2.8μm magnetic beads glued to the sensor. By repeating with 11 different beads, they measured a 9% standard deviation in saturation magnetization. They next demonstrated that the sensor was fully functional when immersed in physiological buffer. These results show that the force sensors can be useful for magnetic force calibration and also for measurement of biophysical forces on chip.
Lactate-proton cotransport in skeletal muscle (1997)

Skeletal muscle and most other tissues possess a membrane transport system mediating a coupled lactate and H+ translocation. Muscle possesses several lactate-proton transporter isoforms of which two have been cloned; however, the main isoform remains to be identified. The isoforms may have different properties and functional roles, but these have not been specifically characterized. The distribution of lactate-proton transport capacity in skeletal muscle is fiber type dependent, with a higher capacity in slow-twitch fibers compared with fast-twitch fibers. During intense muscle activity and in the recovery period, the lactate and H+ effluxes are mainly mediated by the lactate-proton transporter, which reduces the accumulation of lactate in muscle as well as the drop in internal pH suggested to be involved in muscle fatigue. Thus the lactate-proton transporter is of functional importance for pH regulation in association with muscle activity. This carrier is also important for lactate uptake into resting muscle and other tissues; therefore, the carrier distribution is important for the fate of lactate in the body. In addition, the capacity of the lactate-proton transporter can be increased by intense training and is reduced by inactivity; thus the lactate-proton transporter can undergo adaptive changes.
Synthesis of Water Soluble Graphene (2008)

A facile and scalable preparation of aqueous solutions of isolated, sparingly sulfonated graphene is reported. (13)C NMR and FTIR spectra indicate that the bulk of the oxygen-containing functional groups was removed from graphene oxide. The electrical conductivity of thin evaporated films of graphene (1250 S/m) relative to similarly prepared graphite (6120 S/m) implies that an extended conjugated sp (2) network is restored in the water soluble graphene.
An Integrated Voice/Data Terminal with Simple Synchronization Circuits Using an 80 kbit/s Ping-Pong Method (1982)

With recent digital technique progress, digitalization is spreading to subscriber loop systems. In-house systems will be digitalized earlier than other systems. In in-house networks, a pingpong method, especially an 80 kbit/s ping-pong method, using an existing cable pair, is superior to other digital transmission methods due to the sample system structure. For office use, a digital subscriber terminal is required to offer integrated services. However, the already reported 80 kbit/s method is insufficient to provide simultaneous and independent integrated services. This paper presents an 80 kbit/s ping-pong method which has 72 kbit/s capacity for the voice and data communications, so as to provide such integrated services. Furthermore, an experimental integrated terminal, which has simple synchronization circuits, is described.
Effects of the polyamide molecular structure on the performance of reverse osmosis membranes (1998)

Thin-film composite reverse osmosis membranes of polyamides were prepared by interfacial polymerization. Various benzenediamines and poly(aminostyrene) were interfacially reacted with various acyl chlorides to prepare a skin layer of composite membranes. Among the membranes prepared from the structural isomeric monomers of benzenediamines and acyl chlorides, i.e., the same chemical composition but different in the position of functional groups on the aromatic ring, the membrane with the best salt rejection was obtained when the reacting groups forming amide are located at the same position on the aromatic ring. Membranes prepared by interfacially reacting various diamines with trimesoyl chloride revealed that the salt rejection depends on the linear chain structure of polyamides and network formed by crosslinking. Membranes obtained by interfacial polymerization of poly(aminostyrene) with trimesoyl chloride showed higher water flux but lower salt rejection than those obtained by interfacial polymerization of various benzenediamines with trimesoyl chloride. Membranes obtained here showed the typical trade-off behavior between salt rejection and water flux. However, membranes prepared by interfacially reacting trimesoyl chloride with a mixture of poly(aminostyrene) and m-phenylenediamine or a mixture of poly(aminostyrene), m-phenylenediamine, and diaminobenzoic acid showed a performance advantage over usual membranes, i.e., a large positive deviation from the usual trade-off trend. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 1821–1830, 1998
Can Antioxidants Affect Risk for Parkinson Disease (2021)

To determine whether risk for future Parkinson disease (PD) diagnosis was reduced with increased dietary antioxidant intake and total nonenzymatic
Underdeveloped uterus and reduced estrogen responsiveness in mice with disruption of the estrogen-responsive finger protein gene, which is a direct target of estrogen receptor α (1999)

The biological roles of estrogen-responsive finger protein (efp) in vivo were evaluated in mice carrying a loss-of-function mutation in efp by gene-targeted mutagenesis. Although efp homozygous mice were viable and fertile in both sexes, the uterus that expressed abundant estrogen receptor alpha exhibited significant underdevelopment. When the ovariectomized homozygotes were subjected to 17beta-estradiol treatment, they showed remarkably attenuated responses to estrogen, as exemplified by decreased interstitial water imbibition and retarded endometrial cell increase, at least, attributable to the lower ratio of G1 to S-phase progression in epithelial cells. These results suggest that efp is essential for the normal estrogen-induced cell proliferation and uterine swelling as one of the direct targets of estrogen receptor alpha.
Synthesis of (±)-Aquatolide (2016)

Key words (±)-aquatolide - sesquiterpenes - Wolff rearrangement - ring contraction - Nozaki–Hiyama–Kishi reaction - cyclobutanes
Mechanism of Action of p-Hydroxybenzoate Hydroxylase from Pseudomonas putida (1971)

Abstract The mechanism of action of p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase from Pseudomonas putida, strain M-6, has been investigated. The aromatic substrate analogues, benzoate, p-fluorobenzoate, p-chlorobenzoate, p-nitrobenzoate, p-aminobenzoate, and 6-hydroxynicotinate, are found to be competitive inhibitors. This finding differs from the previously reported noncompetitive behavior in a different buffer system. The optical activity of the enzyme-inhibitor complex has been studied. From the kinetic and circular dichroism (CD) measurements, we have found that the carboxyl moiety is necessary and sufficient for the enzyme-substrate binding, whereas the hydroxyl group alone will not lead to binding. There are two classes of inhibitory analogues: one causes changes in CD spectra of the enzyme similar to those evoked by the substrate, and the other does not cause significant changes. The results indicate that more than one mode of enzyme-inhibitor interaction is involved. The CD of the enzyme-NADPH complex under anaerobic conditions suggests that the oxidized enzyme and reduced pyridine nucleotide form a complex, both in the absence and presence of the substrate, p-hydroxybenzoate. Furthermore, evidence for a ternary complex is given.
The effects of anodal stimulation on electrocardiogram, left ventricular dyssynchrony, and acute haemodynamics in patients with biventricular pacemakers (2011)

Anodal stimulation is a common phenomenon among CRT patients. In many cases ANS is seen with LV pacing only, while these changes may not be seen by ECG during biventricular pacing. Echocardiography did not show any significant acute haemodynamic benefit during ANS, and some patients may even deteriorate.
Pervaporation dehydration of bio-fuel (n-butanol) by dry thermal treatment membrane (2020)

Abstract In the present investigation, laboratory synthesized graphene oxide (GO) as a nano-filler was used in polyetherimide (PEI) flat-sheet membranes (PM). The PEI flat-sheet membrane was fabricated through a dry-thermal treatment (DTT) method. The effects of fabrication method were investigated on polyetherimide-GO membrane prepared by dry-thermal treatment (PMDTT). The morphological structure was investigated via different characterization; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), contact angle measurement and Raman spectra. The results indicated that, the hybrid PMDTT membrane displayed reasonably better pervaporation separation performance in comparison to neat PMDTT membranes. The concentrations of water at the permeate side of hybrid and neat PMDTT membrane were 99.3 and 90.9 wt.%, respectively. Hybrid membranes showed a 78.3% enhanced permeation rate. Enhancement of pervaporation property of hybrid PMDTT membrane could be ascribed mainly due to the presence of graphene oxide in the dense top layer. Overall, the blending of graphene oxide in hybrid PMDTT membranes could be a promising approach for enhancing the pervaporation properties of the membranes.
The Janus face of OSM-mediated cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation during cardiac repair and disease (2012)

Dedifferentiation is a common phenomenon among plants but has only been found rarely in vertebrates where it is mostly associated with regenerative responses such as formation of blastemae in amphibians to initiate replacement of lost body parts. Relatively little attention has been paid to dedifferentiation processes in mammals although a decline of differentiated functions and acquisition of immature, "embryonic" properties is seen in various disease processes. Dedifferentiation of parenchymal cells in mammals might serve multiple purposes including (1) facilitation of tissue regeneration by generation of progenitor-like cells and (2) protection of cells from hypoxia by reduction of ATP consumption due to changes in energy metabolism and/or inactivation of energy-intensive "specialized" functions. We recently found that an inflammatory cytokine of the interleukin 6 family, oncostatin M (OSM), initiates dedifferentiation of cardiomyocytes both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, activation of the OSM signaling pathway protects the heart from acute myocardial ischemia but has a negative impact when continuously activated thereby promoting dilative cardiomyopathy. The strong presence of the OSM receptor on cardiomyocytes and the unique features of the OSM signaling circuit suggest a major role of OSM for cardiac protection and repair. We propose that continuous activation or malfunctions of the cellular dedifferentiation machinery might contribute to different disease conditions.
3D model of dispatchable renewable energy for smart microgrid power system (2017)

The goal of this research is to model a 3D simulation used to investigate the performance of a distribution management system (DMS) of a smart microgrid system that integrates renewable energy and energy storage. The simulation reads recorded data of power generations and loads and attempts to balance the supply and demand to sustain a stable and high quality electricity system. The 3D model is designed to provide a user-friendly game-like educational STEM learning environment. The model simulates the integration of renewable energy (solar, wind, and hydro), energy storage, loads (industrial, commercial, and residential), and the distribution management system with resilient control <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[1][2]</sup> in the microgrid power system. The DMS performance is measured by a proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controller and analyzed to verify if it can keep the balance of power supply and demand within the allowable limits while sustaining the quality of electricity. This research monitors the frequency of the system as an indicator of the quality of the electricity. The simulation model is implemented using the Unity 3D development platform with C# scripts controlling the algorithms. Users can explore and learn the function of each element in the system by navigating the scenes from a first-person perspective.
System design is an NP-complete problem: Correspondence (2001)

The system design process translates the customers' needs into a buildable system design. It requires selecting subsystems from an allowable set and matching the interfaces between them. Designs that meet the top-level input and output requirements are tested to see how well they meet the system's performance and cost goals. This paper proves that the System Design Problem is NP-complete by reduction from the Knapsack Problem, which is known to be NP-complete. The implication of this proof is that designing optimal systems with deterministic, polynomial time procedures is not possible. This is the primary reason why engineers do not try to produce optimal systems: They merely produce designs that are good enough. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Syst Eng 4: 222–229, 2001
Review of Near-Field Microwave Microscopy Technology (2021)

Microwave near field microscopy is the use of microwave irradiation in the measured samples, with point detector less than wavelength in the microwave near field detection of scattering wave of the sample, and then the spatial distribution of a physical property can be reconstructed. The technology can be widely used in testing fields such as dielectric materials, ferroelectric materials, semiconductors, meta-materials and so on. In this paper, the near-field microwave microscopy technique and the basic principle of the system are introduced, and advantages and disadvantages of the technique are compared. The typical applications of microscopy technique are given, and the development trend of the technique is analyzed.
Applying SVD on Generalized Item-based Filtering (2006)

In this paper we examine the use of a matrix factorization technique called Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) along with demographic information in Item -Based Collaborative Filtering. After a brief introduction to SVD and to some of its previous applications in Recommender Systems, we proceed with the presentation of two distinct but related algorithms. The first algorithm uses SVD in order to reduce the dimension of the active item's neighborhood. The second algorithm initially enhances Item -based Filtering with demographic information and then applies SVD at various points of the filtering procedure. The presentations of both algorithms include a detailed step-by-step description and a series of experiments. In both cases the results show that a reduction in the dimension of the item neighborhood via SVD, either by itself or combined with the usage of relevant demographic information, is promising, since it does not only tackle some of the recorded problems of Recommender Systems, but also assists in increasing the accuracy of systems employing it.
Calibration with Empirically Weighted Mean Subset (2002)

In this article a new calibration method called empirically weighted mean subset (EMS) is presented. The method is illustrated using spectral data. Using several near-infrared (NIR) benchmark data sets, EMS is compared to partial least-squares regression (PLS) and interval partial least-squares regression (iPLS). It is found that EMS improves on the prediction performance over PLS in terms of the mean squared errors and is more robust than iPLS. Furthermore, by investigating the estimated coefficient vector of EMS, knowledge about the important spectral regions can be gained. The EMS solution is obtained by calculating the weighted mean of all coefficient vectors for subsets of the same size. The weighting is proportional to SS −ω γ , where SS γ is the residual sum of squares from a linear regression with subset γ and ω is a weighting parameter estimated using cross-validation. This construction of the weighting implies that even if some coefficients will become numerically small, none will become exactly zero. An efficient algorithm has been implemented in MATLAB to calculate the EMS solution and the source code has been made available on the Internet.
Effects of Glass Frit Oxides on Crystallization and Zircon Pigment Dissolution in Whiteware Coatings (2000)

In experimental whiteware coatings comprised of zircon pigment and multi‐oxide silicate glass frits that incorporated ZrO 2 , the quantity, size, and morphology of zircon that precipitated during “fast‐firing” were mainly dependent upon the ZnO, SrO, and Al 2 O 3 :alkali levels. In these frits, little or no zircon pigment dissolution occurred, and zircon crystallization was nearly complete by 1000°C. Microstructures of the coatings were consistent over a range of peak firing temperatures from 1000° to 1100°C. Fritted ZnO in these coatings stimulated zircon crystallization and produced high opacity. Replacing ZnO with SrO in the same frits prevented zircon from precipitating and resulted in transparent coatings. In frits without ZrO 2 , significant zircon pigment dissolution and crystallization of calcium‐based silicates occurred during firing. In these unstable coatings, crystallization and dissolution increased from 1000° to 1100°C and produced a range of microstructures. Raising the Al 2 O 3 :alkali ratio caused frits with ZrO 2 to precipitate more zircon, and frits without ZrO 2 to form less of the calcium‐based silicates and dissolve less pigment.
Reduction in levels of matrix metalloproteinases and increased expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase—2 in response to mild hypothermia therapy in experimental stroke (2005)

The authors conclude that mild hypothermia attenuates BBB disruption, decreases MMP expression, and suppresses MMP activity.
A technique for improving detection and estimation of signals contaminated by under ice noise (1983)

Recent analyses of FRAM II arctic data have shown that under ice ambient noise can be at times highly impulsive and non-Gaussian. The analyses included time domain statistical measurements which were consistent with previously reported results of experiments made within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. New findings in the frequency domain based on skew, kurtosis, and cumulative distribution function estimates, also indicate the existence of strong non-Gaussian noise. It is known that the ability to detect and estimate signals contaminated with non-Gaussian noise using conventional processing is degraded compared with optimum techniques which utilize knowledge of the noise statistics. Results comparing the performance of conventional and nearly optimum signal processing methods are presented using the FRAM II data.
Embedded memory module design for video signal processing (2002)

Two embedded memory designs are proposed and implemented for video signal processing. Complying with the features of video signal processing, concurrent line access emulates the multiport capability with single port cell hardware and little access time overhead. Layout area is 56% of two port implementation for size 2 Kb. Block access mode provides fast addressing (26% faster than conventional scheme for size 256 w/spl times/32 b). Although these two fast modes exhibit some restriction of prefer-access-order, it is no loss of generality because video signal processing algorithms possess high data parallelism and less dependency.
Triple Constructs Consisting of Nanoparticles and Microspheres for Bone‐Marrow‐Derived Stromal‐Cell‐Delivery Microscaffolds (2008)

The effective stabilization of 2- and 3D assemblies of heparin/poly(l-lysine) nanoparticles is achieved through embedment in DHEA- and DEXA-loaded poly(l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (see image). These structures, which have great potential for use in cell delivery and for tissue regeneration, are manufactured using layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembly, and are shown to have a positive effect on bone-marrow stromal cell aggregation and differentiation. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Locating the stem cell niche and tracing hepatocyte lineages in human liver # (2008)

These data show, for the first time, that clonal proliferative units exist in the human liver, an origin from a periportal niche is most likely, and that the trajectory of the units is compatible with a migration of cells from the periportal regions to the hepatic veins.
Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptorγin Ocular Diseases (2015)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR γ), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays an important role in the control of a variety of physiological processes. The last decade has witnessed an increasing interest for the role played by the agonists of PPAR γ in antiangiogenesis, antifibrosis, anti-inflammation effects and in controlling oxidative stress response in various organs. As the pathologic mechanisms of major blinding diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), keratitis, and optic neuropathy, often involve neoangiogenesis and inflammation- and oxidative stress-mediated cell death, evidences are accumulating on the potential benefits of PPAR γ to improve or prevent these vision threatening eye diseases. In this paper we describe what is known about the role of PPAR γ in the ocular pathophysiological processes and PPAR γ agonists as novel adjuvants in the treatment of eye diseases.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Genetic and Expression Analysis of MET, MACC1, and HGF in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Response to Met Inhibition in Patient Xenografts and Pathologic Correlations (2023)

Supplementary Materials and Methods from Genetic and Expression Analysis of MET, MACC1, and HGF in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Response to Met Inhibition in Patient Xenografts and Pathologic Correlations