gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-Label Activity Recognition using Activity-specific Features and Activity Correlations (2020)

Multi-label activity recognition is designed for recognizing multiple activities that are performed simultaneously or sequentially in each video. Most recent activity recognition networks focus on single-activities, that assume only one activity in each video. These networks extract shared features for all the activities, which are not designed for multi-label activities. We introduce an approach to multi-label activity recognition that extracts independent feature descriptors for each activity and learns activity correlations. This structure can be trained end-to-end and plugged into any existing network structures for video classification. Our method outperformed state-of-the-art approaches on four multi-label activity recognition datasets. To better understand the activity-specific features that the system generated, we visualized these activity-specific features in the Charades dataset.
Ultra Efficient CHHP Using a High Temperature Fuel Cell to Provide On-Site Process Reducing Gas, Clean Power, and Heat (2015)

FuelCell Energy and ACuPowder investigated and demonstrated the use of waste anode exhaust gas from a high temperature fuel cell for replacing the reducing gas in a metal processing furnace. Currently companies purchase high pressure or liquefied gases for the reducing gas which requires substantial energy in production, compression/liquefaction, and transportation, all of which is eliminated by on-site use of anode exhaust gas as reducing gas. We performed research on the impact of the gas composition on product quality and then demonstrated at FuelCell Energy’s manufacturing facility in Torrington, Connecticut. This demonstration project continues to operate even though the research program is completed as it provides substantial benefits to the manufacturing facility by supplying power, heat, and hydrogen.
Saliniquinones A–F, New Members of the Highly Cytotoxic Anthraquinone-γ-Pyrones from the Marine Actinomycete Salinispora arenicola (2010)

Six new anthraquinone-γ-pyrones, saliniquinones A-F (<b>1</b>-<b>6</b>), which are related to metabolites of the pluramycin/altromycin class, were isolated from a fermentation broth of the marine actinomycete <i>Salinispora arenicola</i> (strain CNS-325). Their structures were determined by analysis of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic and high-resolution mass spectrometric data. The relative and absolute configurations of compounds <b>1</b>-<b>6</b> were determined by analysis of NOESY NMR spectroscopic data and by comparison of circular dichroism and optical rotation data with model compounds found in the literature. Saliniquinone A (<b>1</b>) exhibited potent inhibition of the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (HCT-116) with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 9.9 × 10<sup>-9</sup> M. In the context of the biosynthetic diversity of <i>S. arenicola</i>, compounds <b>1</b>-<b>6</b> represent secondary metabolites that appear to be strain specific and thus occur outside of the core group of compounds commonly observed from this species.
Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of the Early Domestication of Sunflower (2007)

Genetic analyses of the domestication syndrome have revealed that domestication-related traits typically have a very similar genetic architecture across most crops, being conditioned by a small number of quantitative trait loci (QTL), each with a relatively large effect on the phenotype. To date, the domestication of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) stands as the only counterexample to this pattern. In previous work involving a cross between wild sunflower (also H. annuus) and a highly improved oilseed cultivar, we found that domestication-related traits in sunflower are controlled by numerous QTL, typically of small effect. To provide insight into the minimum genetic changes required to transform the weedy common sunflower into a useful crop plant, we mapped QTL underlying domestication-related traits in a cross between a wild sunflower and a primitive Native American landrace that has not been the target of modern breeding programs. Consistent with the results of the previous study, our data indicate that the domestication of sunflower was driven by selection on a large number of loci, most of which had small to moderate phenotypic effects. Unlike the results of the previous study, however, nearly all of the QTL identified herein had phenotypic effects in the expected direction, with the domesticated allele producing a more crop-like phenotype and the wild allele producing a more wild-like phenotype. Taken together, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that selection during the post-domestication era has resulted in the introduction of apparently maladaptive alleles into the modern sunflower gene pool.
Expression of monocyte-specific oncogenes c-fos and c-fms in HL60 cells treated with vitamin D3 analogs correlates with inhibition of DNA synthesis and reduced calmodulin concentration. (1986)

Monocytic differentiation of cultured leukemic cells HL60 can be induced by a variety of compounds including analogs of vitamin D3. We studied the expression of oncogenes c-fos, c-fms, c-fes, c-myb, c-myc, and c-Ha-ras during this process, and attempted to relate these and a conventional marker of monocytic differentiation, the nonspecific esterase activity, to changes in cytosol levels of the Ca2+-binding proteins. The analogs of vitamin D3, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-26,27-hexafluorocholecalciferol, and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-24R-fluorocholecalciferol, reduced the total calcium binding activity and the cellular levels of calmodulin, but calbindin D28k could not be detected in HL 60 cells. A correlation was evident between the potency of these compounds as inducers of differentiation demonstrated by nonspecific esterase activity, the degree of reduction in calmodulin concentration, the rate of the inhibition of DNA synthesis and of expression of c-myc and c-myb genes, and the induction of the expression of oncogenes c-fos and c-fms. These experiments indicate that the events which underlie monocytic differentiation of HL 60 cells can be observed to occur in discrete steps which include an inhibition of DNA synthesis, a reduction of cellular levels of calmodulin, and altered expression of several oncogenes.
Validation Study of MaxSignal® Histamine Enzymatic Assay for the Detection of Histamine in Fish/Seafood (2017)

Bioo Scientific Corp. has developed a rapid enzymatic quantitative assay for the determination of histamine in seafood. Fresh/frozen tuna, canned tuna, pouched tuna, and frozen mahi mahi samples were used for the validation study under the specific guidelines of the AOAC Research Institute Performance Tested MethodsSM program. Recoveries ranged from 82 to 107% at concentrations ranging from 6 to 72 ppm, with RSDr values between 0.8 and 6.5% (6-72 ppm). The linearity of the assay ranged from 0 to 108 ppm, with R2 values exceeding 0.99. The LOD was 0.9 ppm and the LOQ was 2.6 ppm for frozen tuna, which gave the lowest background level of contaminant. Cross-reactivity of the assay was tested against 14 other biogenic amines and was found to be minimal for all (<0.5%), except for agmatine (4.1%) and putrescine (0.9%). There was no observable interference from any tested biogenic amines. Product consistency was verified by validating lot-to-lot variations and variations within the same lot. Overall recoveries for all tested matrixes were within the acceptable range (80-120%). A 1-year claimed shelf life of the kit at 4°C was verified by accelerated stability study data collected on days 1, 15, and 32 at 25°C and by real-time stability testing at 1-month, 6-month, and 1-year at 4°C. No difference in histamine detection was observed in ruggedness testing, in which minor changes were introduced to the assay protocol. Good agreement was observed between AOAC Official MethodSM 977.13 and the MaxSignal® Histamine Enzymatic Assay method. Independent laboratory testing demonstrated that the MaxSignal method works with the same precision in the hands of minimally trained technicians as with the expert method developers. This study validates the performance of Bioo Scientific's rapid enzymatic method.
Zur Rolle von Führungskräften bei der Konzeption und Durchführung von Mitarbeiterbefragungen (2000)

In Anlehnung an kognitive Modelle der Organisations- und Führungstheorien werden Erwartungen und Interessen von Führungskräften bei einer Mitarbeiterbefragung untersucht. Mit einer Fallstudie wird gezeigt, wie sich situative Ursachenzuschreibungen und das Anpassungsverhalten von Führungskräften auf den Verlauf einer Mitarbeiterbefragung auswirken und wie sich bei Feedback-Aktivitäten vereinbarte Maßnahmen in alltägliche Prozesse des Führens verzweigen. Es sind Routinen der Führung sowie das Vertrauen in bewährte Formen des Kooperations- und Führungsverhaltens, die den Prozessverlauf strukturieren. Für weitergehende Forschung ist davon auszugehen, dass kurzfristig zwar Erfolge von Mitarbeiterbefragungen erkennbar sein können. Längerfristig ignorieren Führungskräfte dieses Instrument oder integrieren es in ihre Führungsroutinen.
Mucosal Gene Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules, Chemokines, and Chemokine Receptors in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Before and After Infliximab Treatment (2011)

Our data demonstrate that many leukocyte/endothelial CAMs and chemokines/chemokine receptors are upregulated in inflamed IBD mucosa. Controlling the inflammation with infliximab restores most of these dysregulations in IBD. These results show that at least part of the mechanism of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy goes through downregulation of certain adhesion molecules.
Application of the energy balance principle to liquid low-velocity measurement (1987)

The ELISA method described for the detection of IgG antibodies directed against recombinant Rta proteins is simple and reliable and may be useful as a serologic parameter for the screening and diagnosis of patients with NPC.
High density SRAM bitcell architecture in 3D sequential CoolCube™ 14nm technology (2016)

In this paper, we present a high density 4T SRAM bitcell designed with 3D sequential CoolCube™ technology based on FD-SOI transistors in 14nm node. An in-house SPICE characterization testbench is used to optimize the critical operations (read and hold) of a 4T SRAM bitcell through post layout simulations. Results show that the proposed 3D 4T Bitcell offers 30% footprint reduction compared to the planar 6T SRAM bitcell in 14nm FD-SOI technology.
Prevention of Development of Recurrent Growth of Prostate Cancer (2004)

The purpose of the proposed studies is to identify and then target one gene or a small number of genes critical for the development of recurrent growth of CaP. Differential expression analysis, subtractive hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used in the androgen-dependent human prostate cancer CWR22 model to identify 10 genes whose expression might be associated with the onset of CaP recurrence. In the first year of the proposed studies, we have visually scored 8 gene proteins in CWR22 tumors on day 120 after castration and identified Nkx3.l, Q-tubulin and IGFBP-5 as potential targets. In order to more rigorously test these gene targets, we developed a hybrid immunostaining protocol for comparison of expression of antigens in proliferating versus non-proliferating cells. We have collected the necessary reagents (BrdU-labeled tumors), are modifying our image analysis algorithms to allow quantitation, have demonstrated the feasibility of an antisense approach and have begun to work with the serial prostate biopsies. We have made progress toward identifying targets for antisense therapy that will be tested in in vitro in CaP cell lines and in vivo in the CWR22 model.
Datasets for "Automatic Design of Mechanical Metamaterial Actuators" (2020)

<strong>Publication</strong> arXiv preprint: https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.03032 journal version: [add link to journal] <strong>Code</strong> https://github.com/ComplexityBiosystems/metamech https://github.com/complexitybiosystems/metamech_datasets <strong>Datasets</strong> Figure 2: <em>antiparallel_{human,machine}_design.stl</em>: STL files for human design and machine design configurations performing antiparallel movement. Figure 3: <em>crane_scaling_dataframe.csv: </em>raw efficiency values and execution times used to generate Figure 3 Figure 4: <em>eta_random.dat</em>, <em>eta_triang.dat, plot_distrib.gnupot</em>: raw values of efficiency and gnuplot script used to generate Figure 4 panel d <em><em>eta_vs_displ_random.dat</em>, <em>eta_vs_displ_triang.dat</em></em><em>, eta_vs_displ.gnuplot</em>: raw values of efficiency and gnuplot script used to generate Figure 4 panel c <em>structures.tar.bz2</em>: all the structures relative to Figure 4 panel d, in a format suitable for visualization with ovito software Figure 5: data files for human and machine generated pairs of pliers in a format suitable for visualization with ovito software. "*.agr" and "*.data" files can be opened with any text editor to directly visualize the raw data. <em>*_rest.data:</em> rest configurations which are represented in grey in Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b. <em>*_F0.01.data</em>: displaced configurations with input force Fext = 0.01 and output spring stiffness kext = 0.01, also reported in Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b. <em>*.agr</em>: dataset for Figure 5c and 5d in xmgrace format. Figure 6: <em>Fig6/Fig6b/*.csv</em>: raw values of efficiency used to generate Figure 6 panel b <em>Fig6/</em><em>Fig6c-training-data/*/*.png: </em>a total of 1.163.733 PNG images, of size 192 x 168 pixels, as described in the methods section of the manuscript, organized in directories corresponding to different runs. <em>Fig6/Fig6c-training-data/metadata.csv: </em>maps each image path to its associated efficiency value <em>Fig6/Fig6c-efficiency-data/eta_{CNN,DEM}.txt</em>: raw values of efficiency used to generate Figure 6 panel c. Figure 7: <em>Fig7/transfer_learning_regression_values.csv: full raw data, including regression coefficients, p-values, slopes and intercepts corresponding to Figure 7 panels i and j</em> <em>Figure S3:</em> <em>orthogonal_{human,machine}_design.stl: STL files for human design and machine design configurations performing orthogonal movement.</em>
Pyk2 and Megakaryocytes Regulate Osteoblast Differentiation and Migration Via Distinct and Overlapping Mechanisms (2015)

Osteoblast differentiation and migration are necessary for bone formation during bone remodeling. Mice lacking the proline-rich tyrosine kinase Pyk2 (Pyk2-KO) have increased bone mass, in part due to increased osteoblast proliferation. Megakaryocytes (MKs), the platelet-producing cells, also promote osteoblast proliferation in vitro and bone-formation in vivo via a pathway that involves Pyk2. In the current study, we examined the mechanism of action of Pyk2, and the role of MKs, on osteoblast differentiation and migration. We found that Pyk2-KO osteoblasts express elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I collagen and osteocalcin mRNA levels as well as increased ALP activity, and mineralization, confirming that Pyk2 negatively regulates osteoblast function. Since Pyk2 Y402 phosphorylation is important for its catalytic activity and for its protein-scaffolding functions, we expressed the phosphorylation-mutant (Pyk2(Y402F) ) and kinase-mutant (Pyk2(K457A) ) in Pyk2-KO osteoblasts. Both Pyk2(Y402F) and Pyk2(K457A) reduced ALP activity, whereas only kinase-inactive Pyk2(K457A) inhibited Pyk2-KO osteoblast migration. Consistent with a role for Pyk2 on ALP activity, co-culture of MKs with osteoblasts led to a decrease in the level of phosphorylated Pyk2 (pY402) as well as a decrease in ALP activity. Although, Pyk2-KO osteoblasts exhibited increased migration compared to wild-type osteoblasts, Pyk2 expression was not required necessary for the ability of MKs to stimulate osteoblast migration. Together, these data suggest that osteoblast differentiation and migration are inversely regulated by MKs via distinct Pyk2-dependent and independent signaling pathways. Novel drugs that distinguish between the kinase-dependent or protein-scaffolding functions of Pyk2 may provide therapeutic specificity for the control of bone-related diseases.
Design and test of precision vertical and horizontal linear nanopositioning flexure stages with centimeter-level travel range for x-ray instrumentation (2017)

The ever-increasing spatial resolution of nanofocusing hard x-ray optics, coupled with the need for long working distances and spectroscopic imaging, requires stages that translate optics and samples over millimeters with trajectory errors of under 10 nm. To overcome the performance limitations of precision ball-bearing-based or roller-bearing-based linear stage systems, compact vertical and horizontal linear nanopositioning flexure stages, with centimeter-level travel range, have been designed and tested at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) for x-ray instrumentation applications. The mechanical design and finite element analyses of the flexural stages, as well as its preliminary test results with laser interferometers are described in this paper.
Photopolymerization, Cationic (2004)

Abstract Photopolymerizations are chain reactions in which propagating active centers (free radicals or cations) are produced by a photochemical event. The use of light, rather than heat, to initiate the polymerization offers several advantages, including spatial and temporal control, energy efficiency, and high polymerization rates. In addition, cationic photopolymerizations offer advantages over their free‐radical counterparts since they are not inhibited by oxygen and may continue to react long after the illumination has ceased. This article provides an overview of the important aspects of cationic photopolymerizations, including initiators, monomers, and polymerization kinetics. Commonly used photoinitiator systems for ultraviolet or visible light have been described, and the reaction mechanisms have been explored. The photoinitiation step is especially important because it is the step that distinguishes these reactions from their thermally initiated counterparts. A description of traditional cationically polymerizable monomers as well as recently developed, highly reactive monomers is also provided. Finally, representative kinetic rate expressions have been presented to illustrate the link between the reaction mechanism and the polymerization rate, and to identify the important variables that affect the polymerization. This article provides a valuable resource for any scientist or engineer who is considering cationic photopolymerizations for a study or an application.
Real-Time Unified Trajectory Planning and Optimal Control for Urban Autonomous Driving Under Static and Dynamic Obstacle Constraints (2023)

Trajectory planning and control have historically been separated into two modules in automated driving stacks. Trajectory planning focuses on higher-level tasks like avoiding obstacles and staying on the road surface, whereas the controller tries its best to follow an ever changing reference trajectory. We argue that this separation is (1) flawed due to the mismatch between planned trajectories and what the controller can feasibly execute, and (2) unnecessary due to the flexibility of the model predictive control (MPC) paradigm. Instead, in this paper, we present a unified MPC-based trajectory planning and control scheme that guarantees feasibility with respect to road boundaries, the static and dynamic environment, and enforces passenger comfort constraints. The scheme is evaluated rigorously in a variety of scenarios focused on proving the effectiveness of the optimal control problem (OCP) design and real-time solution methods. The prototype code will be released at github.com/WATonomous/control.
Input Current Ripple Analysis of Six-Phase Full-Bridge Inverters (2021)

This paper discusses the analytical expressions for the input current ripple of several six-phase full-bridge inverter topologies and their carrier-based PWM techniques. The analytical expressions are verified by simulation to prove their validity. A comparative analysis is performed to determine the effect of topologies and carrier-based PWM techniques on the input current ripple of the inverters.
Effects of wollastonite on the properties of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) made from wood fibers and camel-thorn (2016)

The effects of wollastonite fibers on the physical and mechanical properties of medium-density fiberboards composed of wood fibers with up to 10 % camel-thorn chips were studied. Approximately 30 % of the wollastonite fibers were less than 100 nm while the remainder were less than 1 m. Wollastonite fibers significantly improved most of the physical and mechanical properties while addition of camel-thorn produced more variable effects on panel properties. Up to 10 % camel-thorn could be added to panels without negative effects. A combination of 10% camel-thorn and 5% wollastonite fibers produced panels with the best properties.
Episodic Fluctuation in Serum Intact Parathyroid Hormone Concentration in Men (1990)

To evaluate the temporal features of physiological fluctuation in serum PTH concentration, we sampled peripheral blood at 4-min intervals for 24 h from five normal men (32.8 yr; range, 26-40 yr) and measured serum PTH levels using a two-site immunoradiometric assay with the exquisite sensitivity and specificity for human PTH-(1-84) (intact PTH). The resultant 24-h time series of serum intact PTH levels were assessed by contemporary techniques in chronophysiology for rhythmic and episodic peak detection. Cosinor analysis disclosed a significant circadian rhythm in serum intact PTH concentrations in all five men, with the mean circadian amplitude and acrophase of 7.2 +/- 4.4 ng/L and 2305 +/- 401 h, respectively (mean +/- SD; n = 5). No apparent fixed ultradian periodicity was found by autocorrelation and spectral analyses. Evaluation of episodic intact PTH pulsatility by Cluster analysis revealed 23.0 +/- 4.4 discrete PTH pulses/24 h (P less than 0.01 vs. signal-free noise), which occurred at an interpulse interval of 61.6 +/- 11.1 min. The average duration of a serum intact PTH peak was 42.8 +/- 7.3 min, and its mean incremental amplitude was 12.6 +/- 1.3 ng/L, which corresponded to a 31.8 +/- 5.2% increase above the preceding nadir. Discrete PTH peaks were separated by nonpulsatile valleys which lasted for 17.9 +/- 4.4 min. Cross-correlation between the time series of serum intact PTH and whole blood ionized calcium (Ca2+) was at its maximum (-0.5) at concurrent time points in three subjects, while significant positive correlation between serum intact PTH and simultaneous serum inorganic phosphorus concentrations was observed in four of five subjects. There was no apparent correlation between the levels of serum intact PTH and serum magnesium. Our data show that serum levels of intact PTH, the only biologically active form of PTH in the blood, is characterized by a significant circadian periodicity, spontaneous episodic pulsatility with distinct peak properties, and a significant temporal coupling with Ca2+ and inorganic phosphorus concentrations. We conclude that PTH secretion, as judged by the temporal pattern of serum intact PTH levels, is pulsatile in normal men.