gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On-Line Analysis of Organic Components in Fine and Ultrafine Particles by Photoionization Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (2003)

A new method, photoionization aerosol mass spectrometry (PIAMS), is described for real-time analysis of organic components in airborne particles below approximately 300 nm in diameter. Particles are focused through an aerodynamic lens assembly into the mass spectrometer where they are collected on a probe in the source region. After a sufficient amount of sample has been collected, the probe is irradiated with a pulsed infrared laser beam to vaporize organic components, which are then softly ionized with coherent vacuum ultraviolet radiation at 118 nm (10.5 eV). Since the photon energy is close to the ionization energies of most organic compounds, fragmentation is minimized. Both aliphatic and aromatic compounds of atmospheric relevance are detected and quantified in the low- to midpicogram range. The photoionization signal intensity increases linearly with the amount of material sampled and is independent of particle size. The fragmentation induced by laser desorption is greater than that observed with thermal vaporization, suggesting that the internal energy imparted by the former is greater. Although some molecular fragmentation is observed, mass spectra from common sources of ambient organic aerosol are distinguishable and consistent with previous off-line measurements by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. These results illustrate the potential of PIAMS for molecular characterization of organic aerosols in ambient and smog chamber measurements.
High-performance digital color video camera (1992)

Typical one-chip color cameras use analog video processing circuits. An improved digital camera architecture has been developed using a dual-slope AID conversion technique and two full-custom CMOS digital video processing integrated circuits, the color filter array (CFA) processor and the ROB postprocessor. The system uses a 768 x 484 active element interline transfer CCD with a new field-staggered 3G color filter pattern and a lenslet overlay, which doubles the sensitivity of the camera. The industrial-quality digital camera design offers improved image quality, reliability, and manufacturability, while meeting aggressive size, power, and cost constraints. The CFA processor digital VLSI chip includes color filter interpolation processing, an optical black clamp, defect correction, white balance, and gain control. The RGB postprocessor digital integrated circuit includes a color correction matrix, gamma correction, two-dimensional edge enhancement, and circuits to control the black balance, lens aperture, and focus.
Neural predictive controller for insulin delivery using the subcutaneous route (1998)

A neural predictive controller for closed-loop control of glucose using subcutaneous (s.c.) tissue glucose measurement and s.c. infusion of monomeric insulin analogs was developed and evaluated in a simulation study. The proposed control strategy is based on off-line system identification using neural networks (NN's) and nonlinear model predictive controller design. The system identification framework combines the concept of nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous inputs (NARX) system representation, regularization approach for constructing radial basis function NN's, and validation methods for nonlinear systems. Numerical studies on system identification and closed-loop control of glucose were carried out using a comprehensive model of glucose regulation and a pharmacokinetic model for the absorption of monomeric insulin analogs from the s.c. depot. The system identification procedure enabled construction of a parsimonious network from the simulated data, and consequently, design of a controller using multiple-step-ahead predictions of the previously identified model. According to the simulation results, stable control is achievable in the presence of large noise levels, for unknown or variable time delays as well as for slow time variations of the controlled process. However, the control limitations due to the s.c. insulin administration makes additional action from the patient at meal time necessary.
Reducing instruction fetch energy in multi-issue processors (2013)

The need to minimize power while maximizing performance has led to recent developments of powerful superscalar designs targeted at embedded and portable use. Instruction fetch is responsible for a significant fraction of microprocessor power and energy, and is therefore an attractive target for architectural power optimization. We present novel techniques that take advantage of guarantees so that the instruction translation lookaside buffer, branch target buffer, and branch prediction buffer can frequently be disabled, reducing their energy usage, while simultaneously reducing branch predictor contention. These techniques require no changes to the instruction set and can easily be integrated into most single- and multiple-issue processors.
6‐Aminohexanoic Acid Cyclic Dimer Hydrolase. A New Cyclic Amide Hydrolase Produced by Acromobacter guttatus KI72 (1977)

6‐Aminohexanoic acid cyclic dimer hydrolase produced by Achromobacter guttatus cells grown on 6‐aminohexanoic acid cyclic dimer (1,8‐diazacyclotetradecane‐2,9‐dione) was purified until it was homogeneous according to polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis, sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Sephadex G‐200 column chromatography, and analytical centrifugation. The following characteristics of the purified enzyme were observed. (1) The molecular weight of the enzyme, estimated to be 110 000 by column chromatography on Sephadex G‐200 and 100 000 by sedimentative equilibrium, together with the minimum molecular weight of 55 000 obtained by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, indicated it is a dimeric enzyme. The sedimentation constant ( s 20 ) was estimated to be 5.7 S from the sedimentation velocity. (2) The enzyme had an optimum pH of 7.3 when 6‐aminohexanoic acid cyclic dimer was used as substrate. It was stable in a pH range between 5.5 to 8.5, and 50% and 100% of activity was lost after 10 min of heating at 45°C and 50°C respectively. The optimum temperature for activity was 33°C. The Michaelis‐Menten constant ( K m ) was 6 mM toward the dimer, and the turnover number was 8 s −1 assuming a molecular weight of 100 000. (3) This enzyme was strongly inhibited by 1 μM diisoprpylphosphofluoridate and 10 μM p ‐chloromercuribenzoate but scarcely inhibited by 100 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The enzyme inhibited by p ‐chloromercuribenzoate could be reactivated by 2‐mercaptoethanol. (4) This enzyme was only active on 6‐aminohexanoic acid cyclic dimer to form 6‐aminohexanoyl‐6‐aminohexanoic acid. It was inactive on 6‐aminohexanoic acid oligomers (degree of polymerization 2 to 6), various cyclic amides, cyclic diamides, amides, oligopeptides, and casein. (5) The absorption coefficient ( A 1%280 nm) of the enzyme was 19.4. The enzyme was composed of 500 amino acid residues including 3 cysteines; from this the molecular weight was calculated to be 103 200 as a dimer. (6) 6‐Aminohexanoic acid cyclic dimer hydrolase was classified as a new cyclic amide hydrolase.
Graph Convolutional Neural Networks for Polymers Property Prediction (2018)

A fast and accurate predictive tool for polymer properties is demanding and will pave the way to iterative inverse design. In this work, we apply graph convolutional neural networks (GCNN) to predict the dielectric constant and energy bandgap of polymers. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculated properties as the ground truth, GCNN can achieve remarkable agreement with DFT results. Moreover, we show that GCNN outperforms other machine learning algorithms. Our work proves that GCNN relies only on morphological data of polymers and removes the requirement for complicated hand-crafted descriptors, while still offering accuracy in fast predictions.
[Myelomonocytic leukemia in childhood (author's transl)]. (1976)

Report of five cases of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia; authors describe an hemopathy of the young child with important splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and adenopathies; anemia with erytroblastemia; hyperleucocytosis with myelemia and monocytosis, rich and granulous bone marrow. Also remarkable is evolution, as it fatal outcome often occurs before a two year evolution, without remission looking like acute myeloblastic leukemia, a few patients have remission of most the symptoms, ending in an apparent recovery, which may be spontaneous.
Fabrication of highly conductive stretchable textile with silver nanoparticles (2015)

A method has been developed for the deposition of conductive metals onto fibers within textile structures. The resultant fabric exhibited full metal coverage with good adhesion to the fibers. As well as being conductive and extremely flexible with little effect on its handle and drape properties. In order to make a conductive fabric, cotton was first mercerized followed by immersion in poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) solution. Silver nitrate was then reduced on the surface of the fabric which allowed formation of silver nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy studies of the conductive fabric confirmed the deposition of the polymer resulted in more uniform attachment of nanosilver to the surface of fibers. The fabric was then electroless plated to obtain a surface resistivity less than 0.2 Ω/square. This method can be used for woven, non-woven and knitted types of fabric. It can be applied on to the fibers before or after being made into a textile.
Talk to PNW Society for Information Display – Human Scale Interactive Systems (2019)

Tim gave a talk to PNW Society for Information Display on 21st March 2019.  In the talk, I covered the historical work of Applied Sciences Group in Human Scale Interactive Displays. The early days of Surface Computing (Surface Table), through Surface Hub 1, Surface Hub 2 were discussed.  I also show research prototypes of through-screen imaging systems that use imaging waveguides with both LCD and transparent OLED displays. I concluded the talk with some recent work on systems that incorporate cameras and time-of-flight sensors.  These sensors are integrated with transparent OLED displays. These new systems feature correct perspective, continuous rescaling,  and the ability to enable social formations with true gaze awareness.  This helps create a more natural social interaction between remote participants in a conversation.
Concentration Dependent Solution Structure and Transport Mechanism in High Voltage LiTFSI–Adiponitrile Electrolytes (2020)

The physiochemical properties of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) in adiponitrile (ADN) electrolytes were explored as a function of concentration. The phase diagram and ionic conductivity plots show a distinct relationship between the eutectic composition of the electrolyte and the concentration of maximum ionic conductivity in the 25 °C isotherm. We propose a structure-based explanation for the variation of electrolyte ionic conductivity with LiTFSI concentration, where the eutectic concentration is a transitionary region at which the structure changes from solvated contact ion pairs to extended units of [Li z (ADN) x TFSI y ] z−y aggregates. It is found through diffusion coefficient measurements using pulsed-field gradient (PFG) NMR that both <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:mi>I</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> increase with concentration until 2.9 M, where after Li + becomes the fastest diffusing species, suggesting that ion hopping becomes the dominant transport mechanism for Li + . Variable diffusion-time (Δ) PFG NMR is used to track this evolution of the ion transport mechanism. A differentiation in Li + transport between the micro and bulk levels that increases with concentration was observed. It is proposed that ion hopping within [Li z (ADN) x TFSI y ] z−y aggregates dominates the micro-scale, while the bulk-scale is governed by vehicular transport. Lastly, we demonstrate that LiTFSI in ADN is a suitable electrolyte system for use in Li-O 2 cells.
Space charge and electrical conduction in Maleic Anhydride-grafted polyethylene (1995)

The space charge behavior such as charge distribution and electrical conduction of maleic anhydride grafted LDPE (LDPE-g- MAH) was investigated. Heterocharge was found in LDPE and it decreased with increasing MAH graft ratio in LDPEg- MAH. Conduction currents also decreased with increasing MAH graft ratio. The relationship between the space charge behavior and the electrical conduction characteristics in LDPEg- MAH is discussed.
Integral resonant control of collocated smart structures (2007)

This paper introduces integral resonant control, IRC, a simple, robust and well-performing technique for vibration control in smart structures with collocated sensors and actuators. By adding a direct feed-through to a collocated system, the transfer function can be modified from containing resonant poles followed by interlaced zeros, to zeros followed by interlaced poles. It is shown that this modification permits the direct application of integral feedback and results in good performance and stability margins. By slightly increasing the controller complexity from first to second order, low-frequency gain can be curtailed, alleviating problems due to unnecessarily high controller gain below the first mode. Experimental application to a piezoelectric laminate cantilever beam demonstrates up to 24 dB modal amplitude reduction over the first eight modes.
SCARECROW, SCR‐LIKE 23 and SHORT‐ROOT control bundle sheath cell fate and function in Arabidopsis thaliana (2014)

Summary Bundle sheath ( BS ) cells form a single cell layer surrounding the vascular tissue in leaves. In C3 plants, photosynthesis occurs in both the BS and mesophyll cells, but the BS cells are the major sites of photosynthesis in C4 plants, whereas the mesophyll cells are only involved in CO 2 fixation. Because C4 plants are more efficient photosynthetically, introduction of the C4 mechanism into C3 plants is considered a key strategy to improve crop yield. One prerequisite for such C3‐to‐C4 engineering is the ability to manipulate the number and physiology of the BS cells, but the molecular basis of BS cell‐fate specification remains unclear. Here we report that mutations in three GRAS family transcription factors, SHORT ‐ ROOT ( SHR ), SCARECROW ( SCR ) and SCARECROW ‐ LIKE 23 ( SCL 23), affect BS cell fate in A rabidopsis thaliana . SCR and SCL 23 are expressed specifically in the BS cells and act redundantly in BS cell‐fate specification, but their expression pattern and function diverge at later stages of leaf development. Using C h IP –chip experiments and sugar assays, we show that SCR is primarily involved in sugar transport whereas SCL 23 functions in mineral transport. SHR is also essential for BS cell‐fate specification, but it is expressed in the central vascular tissue. However, the SHR protein moves into the BS cells, where it directly regulates SCR and SCL 23 expression. SHR , SCR and SCL 23 homologs are present in many plant species, suggesting that this developmental pathway for BS cell‐fate specification is likely to be evolutionarily conserved.
Accumulation and Annealing of Radiation Donor Defects in Arsenic-Implanted Hg0.7Cd0.3Te Films (2020)

Processes of accumulation and annealing of radiation-induced donor defects in arsenic-implanted Hg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.7</sub> Cd <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.3</sub> Te films were studied with the use of the Hall-effect measurements with processing the data with mobility spectrum analysis. A substantial difference in the effects of arsenic implantation and post-implantation activation annealing on the properties of implanted layers and photodiode `base' layers in Hg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.7</sub> Cd <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.3</sub> Te and Hg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.8</sub> Cd <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</sub> Te films was established and tentatively explained.
In-System Partial Run-Time Reconfiguration for Fault Recovery Applications on Spacecrafts (2006)

This paper presents a methodology for partially reconfiguring a field programmable gate array (FPGA) device using only limited onboard resources. This paper also seeks to provide a roadmap to developing necessary tools and technologies to help design self-sufficient partial run-time reconfigurable systems for spacecraft avionic systems. To provide a vision for the technology, this paper recommends a few possible applications in spacecraft avionic systems, in fault tolerance and space-saving hardware. In addition, some previous work done on the research for reconfigurable, modular avionics are also presented at the end as an example of applications.
Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of Two Novel Supramolecular Architectures Constructed from [2,3‐f]Pyrazino[1,10]phenanthroline‐2,3‐dicarboxylic Acid (2009)

Abstract Two new compounds, [Ag(Hppdb)] n ( 1 ) and {[Ag 2 (Hppdb) 2 (bpe)] · 5.5H 2 O} n ( 2 ) [H 2 ppdb = [2,3‐f]pyrazino[1,10]phenanthroline‐2,3‐dicarboxylic acid, bpe = trans ‐1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethylene], were synthesized and characterized. In 1 , Hppdb – ions link Ag I cations to form an infinite 1D [–Ag–(Hppdb)–Ag–] n chain, furthermore, the dimensionality is extended to 2D layers through synergistic π–π stacking, hydrogen‐bonding and weak Ag ··· O interactions. Correspondingly, the dimeric [(Ag)(Hppdb)] 2 subunits in 2 are connected by bpe ligands to generate a loop‐link‐shaped 1D chain motif, which is further joined through a R 2 2 (18)C–H ··· O hydrogen‐bonding ring to afford interesting diagonal/diagonal inclined catenation 2D + 2D → 3D supramolecular architectures. In addition, solid‐state properties such as photoluminescence and thermal stability of the two compounds were studied.
La géographie, histoire profonde. À la recherche d'une notion globale de l'espace (1981)

George Pierre. La géographie, histoire profonde. À la recherche d'une notion globale de l'espace. In: Annales de Géographie, t. 90, n°498, 1981. pp. 203-210.
Single-stage electronic ballast with dimming feature and unity power factor (1998)

Analysis, design, and practical consideration of a single-stage electronic ballast with dimming feature and unity power factor are presented in this paper. The proposed single-stage ballast is the combination of a boost converter and a half-bridge series-resonant parallel-loaded inverter. The boost semistage working in the discontinuous conduction mode functions as a power factor corrector and the inverter semistage operated above resonance are employed to ballast the lamp. Replacing the lamp with the plasma model, analysis of the ballast is fulfilled. The dimming feature is carried out by pulse-width modulation (PWM) and variable-frequency controls simultaneously. The proposed single-stage ballast is suitable for applications with moderate power level and low-line voltage while requiring a high-output voltage. It can save a controller, an active switch and its driver, reduce size, and possibly increase system reliability while requiring two additional diodes over a conventional two-stage system. A prototype was implemented to verify the theoretical discussion. The hardware measurements have shown that the desired performance can be achieved feasibly.
Assessment of dupilumab in children with moderate‐to‐severe type 2 asthma with or without evidence of allergic asthma (2023)

Dupilumab versus placebo reduced asthma exacerbations in children with type 2 asthma irrespective of evidence of allergic asthma; similar trends were observed in changes in lung function. Significant improvement in asthma control was observed in patients with evidence of allergic asthma, but not in those without.
Aluminum-based materials for inactivation of aerosolized spores of Bacillus anthracis surrogates (2016)

Energetic materials generating biocidal combustion products to disable airborne pathogenic microorganisms (including bio-threat agents) were designed as compounds of halogens and metals with high heats of oxidation. Thermally stable Al-based powders containing iodine and chlorine were prepared using ball-milling at room and cryogenic temperatures. Such powders can replace pure aluminum in metallized energetic formulations. Their stability and halogen release were quantified using thermo-gravimetric analysis. Ignition temperatures were determined by coating prepared powders onto an electrically heated filament. All prepared composites had lower ignition temperatures and longer combustion times compared to pure Al. In separate experiments, combustion products generated by injecting the prepared powders into an air-acetylene flame were mixed with a well-characterized bioaerosol. Inactivation of viable bioaerosol particles exposed to the heated combustion products for a short period of time (estimated to be 0.33 s) was quantified. The combustion products of materials investigated in this study effectively inactivated the aerosolized spores of two tested surrogates of Bacillus anthracis (B. atrophaeus and B. thuringiensis var kurstaki). A ternary composite with 20 wt% of iodine, 40 wt% of aluminum and 40 wt% of boron was found to be most attractive based on both its stability and efficiency in inactivating the aerosolized spores. The inactivation achieved was primarily attributed to chemical stresses as the thermal effect could not solely produce the high measured levels of inactivation. The findings point to a possible synergy of the thermal and chemical spore inactivation mechanisms.© 2017 American Association for Aerosol Research
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions on the Exponential Stability of Positive Hyperbolic Systems (2017)

In this paper, a strict linear Lyapunov function is developed in order to investigate the exponential stability of a linear hyperbolic partial differential equation with positive boundary conditions. Based on the method of characteristics, some properties of the positive solutions are derived for the hyperbolic initial boundary value problems. The dissipative boundary condition in terms of linear inequalities is proven to be not only sufficient but also necessary under an extra assumption on the velocities of the hyperbolic systems. An application to control of the freeway traffic modeled by the Aw-Rascle traffic flow equation illustrates and motivates the theoretical results. The boundary control strategies are designed by integrating the on-ramp metering with the mainline speed limit. Finally, the proposed feedback laws are tested under simulation, first in the free-flow case and then in the congestion mode, which show adequate performance to stabilize the local freeway traffic.