gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Antiviral Activity of 3‐(3,5‐Dimethylbenzyl)uracil Derivatives Against HIV‐1 and HCMV (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A novel method for source-specific hemoglobin adducts of nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (2018)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are ubiquitous air pollutants associated with negative impacts on growth, development and behavior in children. Source-specific biological markers of PAH exposure are needed for targeting interventions to protect children. Nitro-derivatives of PAH can act as markers of exposure to diesel exhaust, gasoline exhaust, or general combustion sources. Using a novel HPLC-APCI-MS/MS detection method, we examined four hemoglobin (Hb) adducts of nitro-PAH metabolites and the Hb adduct of a benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) metabolite in 22 umbilical cord blood samples. The samples were collected from a birth cohort with comprehensive data on prenatal PAH exposure, including prenatal personal air monitoring and DNA adducts in maternal and umbilical cord blood. Using non-parametric analyses, heat maps, and principal component analysis (PCA), we analyzed the relationship between the five Hb adducts and previous PAH measurements, with each measurement representing a different duration of exposure. We found that Hb adducts derived from several diesel-related nitro-PAHs (2-nitrofluorene and 1-nitropyrene) were significantly correlated (r = 0.77, p ≤ 0.0001) and grouped together in PCA. Nitro-PAH derived Hb adducts were largely unrelated to previously collected measures of exposure to a number of PAH parent compounds. These measures need to be validated in a larger sample.
Physical register reference counting (2008)

Several proposed techniques including CPR (checkpoint processing and recovery) and NoSQ (no store queue) rely on reference counting to manage physical registers. However, the register reference counting mechanism itself has received surprisingly little attention. This paper fills this gap by describing potential register reference counting schemes for NoSQ, CPR, and a hypothetical NoSQ/CPR hybrid. Although previously described in terms of binary counters, we find that reference counts are actually more naturally represented as matrices. Binary representations can be used as an optimization in specific situations.
Einleitung und Entdeckungszusammenhang: Auf der Suche nach einem europäischen Journalismus (1998)

„This book appears at a time of increasing concern about the ways politics is communicated to the public. Such concerns have been expressed by media researchers and other academics engaged in the study of politics, as well as by some media professionals and politicians both in the US and in Britain [...] and elsewhere, in many other liberal-democratic societies. It would be no exaggeration to describe this state of affairs as a crisis of civic communication“. — Mit diesen Worten beginnen Blumler/Gurevitch (1995: 1, kursiv im Orig.) ihr vielbeachtetes Buch über „The Crisis of Public Communication“. Was die beiden Autoren allgemein im Hinblick auf die politische Kommunikation innerhalb von Nationalstaaten westlichen Typs beschreiben,1 gilt in einem noch viel stärkeren Maße für die Kommunikation in transnationalen Gebilden wie der Europäischen Union.
ChemInform Abstract: Trimethylsilyl Accelerated Retro‐Diels‐Alder Reaction: A Quantitative Measure of the β‐Effect. (1987)

Abstract The retro‐Diels‐Alder reactions of (VI) to (VII) and similarly of (VIII) to (IX) proceed under substantially milder conditions in comparison to those of its congeners (VI) and (VIII) (with ‐H instead of ‐SiMe3) to yield the same products (VII) and (IX), respectively.
Optimal design for universal multiport interferometers (2016)

Universal multiport interferometers, which can be programmed to implement any linear transformation between multiple channels, are emerging as a powerful tool for both classical and quantum photonics. These interferometers are typically composed of a regular mesh of beam splitters and phase shifters, allowing for straightforward fabrication using integrated photonic architectures and ready scalability. The current, standard design for universal multiport interferometers is based on work by Reck et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett.73, 58 (1994)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.73.58]. We demonstrate a new design for universal multiport interferometers based on an alternative arrangement of beam splitters and phase shifters, which outperforms that by Reck et al. Our design requires half the optical depth of the Reck design and is significantly more robust to optical losses.
Evaluación del concepto Mina - Planta, en la Planta de Molienda semiautógena (2008)

El concepto Mina – Planta, desarrollado inicialmente por JKTech, en Australia, considera que cualquier aumento en el consumo de energia de las etapas dispuestas aguas arriba en el circuito, genera beneficios mayores en las etapas posteriores (asociados a una mayor disminucion del consumo de energia).  De esta forma, aunque se duplique el costo de tronadura, generando una mayor proporcion de finos ademas de un mineral mas debil (debido a que con cargas y distribuciones adecuadas de explosivos se genera una mayor cantidad de grietas internas), la reduccion de costos unitarios que se observa en las etapas de molienda semiautogena y de bolas, genera un balance positivo en el proceso global de reduccion de tamanos.
Robust Visual Mouse by motion history image (2010)

A real time V shape hand gesture recognition system by motion history template matching is proposed in this paper. Initially, user moves one of his/her hands in a specified region for template setup. Then, possible moving hand regions can be extracted by overlapping motion masks and skin color image. After noise removal of these regions, motion history template matching is used to recognize the V shaped hand gesture for shape toleration. The valley point of V is used to navigate the cursor and the left/right fingertip defines the left/right mouse button. In experiments, users can operate the windows system without physically contacting any equipment. The processing speed is more than 30 fps for images of size 320*240. The accuracy rate for the V shape hand gesture recognition is 96.92%. As to the recognition rates for left click, right click, and double click, we have 100%, 100%, and 91.53%, respectively.
Book Review: The Changing Frontiers of Laser Materials Processing: Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics (1988)

"The Changing Frontiers of Laser Materials Processing: Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics." Surface Engineering, 4(1), pp. 27–28
[Calcified lipogranuloma after gomenoleo oil injection: "paraffinoma" 60 years later]. (1990)

The authors describe one case of calcified lipogranuloma observed in the forearm tissues of a 67 year old patient. This lesion seems to be due to a long term treatment by S.C injection of gomenoleo oil 60 years before. The analysis by high performance liquid chromatography of fat parts of the lesion identified the original olive oil (excipient).
Influence of silver-nanoparticle layer in a chiral sculptured thin film for surface-multiplasmonic sensing of analytes in aqueous solution (2016)

Multiple surface-plasmon-polariton (SPP) waves at a single free-space wavelength can be guided by the interface of a metal and a chiral sculptured thin film (STF). Multilayers comprising a chiral STF of lanthanum fluoride deposited on an aluminum thin film deposited on a glass substrate were fabricated. In some chips, a 5-nm-thick layer of silver nanoparticles was deposited at one of two selected depths in the chiral STF. The chips were then deployed in a prism-coupled configuration in a custom-built machine for surface multiplasmonic resonance imaging (SMPRI), in order to observe the effects of the silver-nanoparticle layer on the multiple SPP-wave modes. The angular locations of the SPP-wave modes were found to be not greatly dependent on whether the silver-nanoparticle layer was deposited after the first or the second period of a three-periods-thick chiral STF. With aqueous solutions of sucrose as infiltrant fluids, the angular shifts of the SPP-wave modes were determined as the refractive index of the infiltrant fluid increased. The use of a charge-coupled devices camera and upgraded motion-control equipment for SMPRI was found to increase the sensitivity of the chip. The silver-nanoparticle layer was also found to enhance the sensitivity.
An experimental investigation of a CW/CA system for automobiles using hardware-in-the-loop simulations (1999)

Collision warning/collision avoidance (CW/CA) systems have been an active research and development area as the interest and demands for active safety of road vehicles increase. The paper presents an investigation of CW/CA systems for automobiles. A CW/CA 'hardware-in-the-loop' (HiLS) simulation system has been designed and used to test a CW/CA algorithm, radar sensors, and warning displays under realistic operating conditions in the laboratory. A CW/CA algorithm consists of a distance warning decision algorithm and a combined throttle/brake control law for collision avoidance. The CW/CA HiLS system consists of a personal computer a preceding vehicle simulator, a radar sensor and a warning display. The personal computer has been used to simulate preceding and following vehicles. The computer calculates velocities of the preceding and following vehicles, relative distance and relative velocity of the vehicles using vehicle simulation models. The relative distance and velocity are applied to the vehicle simulator that is controlled by a DC motor. The relative distance of the vehicle simulator is measured by the radar sensor and is fed back into the computer.
Abasic Site Binding by the Human Apurinic Endonuclease, Ape, and Determination of the DNA Contact Sites (1997)

The mutagenic and lethal effects of abasic sites in DNA are averted by repair initiated by 'class II' apurinic (AP) endonucleases, which cleave immediately 5'to abasic sites. We examined substrate binding by the human AP endonuclease, Ape protein (also called Hap1, Apex or Ref-1). In electrophoretic mobility-shift experiments, Ape bound synthetic DNA substrates containing single AP sites or tetrahydrofuran (F) residues. No complexes were detected with single-stranded substrates or unmodified duplex DNA. In EDTA, the concentration of Ape required to shift 50% of duplex F-DNA was approximately 50 nM, while the addition of 10 mM MgCl2 nearly eliminated detectable F-DNA@Ape complexes. Filter-binding studies demonstrated a half-life of approximately 50 s at 0 degrees C for F-DNA@Ape complexes in the presence of EDTA, and <15 s after the addition of Mg2+. The DNA recovered from F-DNA@Ape complexes was intact but was rapidly cleaved upon addition of Mg2+, which suggests that these protein-DNA complexes are on the catalytic pathway for incision. Methylation and ethylation interference experiments identified DNA contacts critical for Ape binding, and Cu-1, 10-phenanthroline footprinting suggested an Ape-induced structural distortion at the abasic site prior to cleavage.
A Variational Learning Approach for Concurrent Distance Estimation and Environmental Identification (2023)

Wireless propagated signals encapsulate rich information for high-accuracy localization and environment sensing. However, the full exploitation of positional and environmental features as well as their correlation remains challenging in complex propagation environments. In this paper, we propose a methodology of variational inference over deep neural networks for concurrent distance estimation and environmental identification. The proposed approach, namely inter-instance variational auto-encoders (IIns-VAEs), conducts inference with latent variables that encapsulate information about both distance and environmental labels. A deep learning network with instance normalization is designed to approximate the inference concurrently via deep learning. We conduct extensive experiments on real-world datasets and the results show the superiority of the proposed IIns-VAE in both distance estimation and environmental identification compared to conventional approaches.
Converting Chrysotile Nanotubes into Magnesium Oxide and Hydroxide Using Lanthanum Oxycarbonate Hybridization and Alkaline Treatment for Efficient Phosphate Adsorption (2022)

Magnesium oxide and hydroxide nanomaterials comprise a class of promising advanced functional metal nanomaterials whose use in environmental and material applications is increasing. Several strategies to synthesize these nanomaterials have been described but are unsustainable and uneconomic. This work reports on a processing strategy that turns natural magnesium-rich chrysotile into magnesium oxide and hydroxide nanoparticles via nanoparticle hybridization and an alkaline process while enabling La-based nanoparticles to coat the chrysotile nanotube surfaces. The adsorbent's resulting hybrid nanostructure had an outstanding capacity for phosphate uptake (135.2 mg P g<sup>-1</sup>) and enhanced regeneration performance. Furthermore, the adsorbent featured wide applicability with respect to the coexistence of competitive anions and a broad range of pH conditions, and its high-performance phosphate removal from sewage effluent was also demonstrated. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses revealed the scavenging ability of phosphate by the La-based and Mg-based nanoparticles and the multiple capture mechanisms involved, including surface complexation and ion exchange. This proposed approach expands chrysotile's potential use as a magnesium-rich nanomaterial and harbors great promise for the removal of pollutants in a variety of real-world settings.
Construction and in vitro evaluation of RFT5(scFv)-ETA', a new recombinant single-chain immunotoxin with specific cytotoxicity toward CD25+ Hodgkin-derived cell lines. (1998)

The data of a closed phase I/II trial in patients with resistant Hodgkin's lymphoma indicate promising results using a chemically linked anti-CD25 ricin-A immunotoxin (IT) (RFT5-SMPT-dgA). This IT is based on the high-affinity moab RFT5. Since recombinant DNA technology permits the readier production of large amounts of ITs, we constructed a new RFT5-based fusion toxin [RFT5(scFv)-ETA']. We isolated mRNA from the hybridoma cell line RFT5, synthesized first strand cDNA and performed RT-PCR. Amplified coding regions of the light and heavy chain variable domains were joined together with a synthetic (Gly4-Ser)3 linker. The resulting single chain variable fragment (scFv) was fused to a modified Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA') lacking its cell-binding domain I. After IPTG-induced expression in Escherichia coli, the 70 kDa His-tagged fusion protein [RFT5(scFv)-ETA'] was isolated by osmotic shock and sonication under denaturing conditions. The recombinant toxin was purified on a Ni2+-NTA chelating sepharose and eluted with 250 mM imidazole. Pooled protein was renatured, dialyzed and concentrated by precipitation. Binding properties of RFT5(scFv)-ETA' were assessed on the CD25-expressing cell line L540cy by ELISA, immunohistochemistry and FACS analysis. CD25-specific binding was confirmed by immunoprecipitation experiments with recombinant human IL-2 receptor alpha. The in vitro toxicity of the chimeric protein was tested on the Hodgkin-derived cell lines L540cy, L428, L1236, a monocyte cell line U937 and a Burkitt lymphoma cell line BL38. RFT5(scFv)-ETA' inhibited protein biosynthesis of L540cy and L428 cells by 50% at concentrations (IC50) of 18 and 12 ng/ml, respectively. CD25-specific toxicity was confirmed by competitive toxicity assays. These data confirm for the first time binding specificity and toxicity of a recombinant anti-CD25 immunotoxin, against Hodgkin-derived cell lines; its applicability on Hodgkin's lymphoma needs yet to be evaluated in vivo.
Feasibility of Generating Adeno-Associated Virus Packaging Cell Lines Containing Inducible Adenovirus Helper Genes (2002)

The adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector system is based on nonpathogenic and helper-virus-dependent parvoviruses. The vector system offers safe, efficient, and long-term in vivo gene transfer in numerous tissues. Clinical trials using AAV vectors have demonstrated vector safety as well as efficiency. The increasing interest in the use of AAV for clinical studies demands large quantities of vectors and hence a need for improvement in vector production. The commonly used transient-transfection method, although versatile and free of adenovirus (Ad), is not cost-effective for large-scale production. While the wild-type-Ad-dependent AAV producer cell lines seem to be cost-effective, this method faces the problem of wild-type Ad contamination. To overcome these shortcomings, we have explored the feasibility of creating inducible AAV packaging cell lines that require neither transfection nor helper virus infection. As a first step toward that goal, we have created a cell line containing highly inducible Ad E1A and E1B genes, which are essential for AAV production. Subsequently, the AAV Rep and Cap genes and an AAV vector containing a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene were stably introduced into the E1A-E1B cell line, generating inducible AAV-GFP packaging cell lines. Upon induction of E1A and E1B genes and infection with replication-defective Ad with E1A, E1B, and E3 deleted, the packaging cells yielded high-titer AAV-GFP vectors. Finally, the E2, E4, and VA genes of Ad, under the control of their endogenous promoters, were also introduced into these cells. A few producer cell lines were obtained, which could produce AAV-GFP vectors upon simple drug induction. Although future improvement is necessary to increase the stability and vector yield of the cells, our study has nonetheless demonstrated the feasibility of generating helper-virus-free inducible AAV producer cell lines.
Abstracts from the 2018 OAS Annual Meeting (2018)

Abstracts from the 2018 Ohio Academy of Science Annual Meeting
Bcl-2 Promotes Invasion and Lung Metastasis by Inducing Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (2005)

Bcl-2 is involved in the progression of human malignancies, but the precise role and mechanism of Bcl-2 for tumor invasion and metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we have investigated the role and mechanism of Bcl-2 on tumor cell invasion and metastasis by using Bcl-2 overexpressing non-small cell lung cancer cells. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important proteins involved in the processes of tumor invasion and metastasis. In vitro Matrigel invasion assays showed that Bcl-2 overexpression increased tumor cell invasion by 15-fold. Moreover, Bcl-2 overexpression enhanced in vivo lung metastasis by 4-fold. Consistent with its effect on invasion and metastasis, Bcl-2 overexpression induced not only MMP-2 mRNA and its protein expression, but this also activated the pro-MMP-2 protein to its active form. To explore the induction mechanism of MMP-2 by Bcl-2, we investigated the effects of Bcl-2 overexpression on MMP-2 transcriptional regulation. Nuclear run-on assays showed a 6-fold increase in the transcription rate of MMP-2 mRNA in the Bcl-2 transfectants (H157/Bcl-2) compared with that of the H157/vector control cells (H157/C). Overexpression of Bcl-2 induced the nuclear transcription factor activator protein 1 family, including the c-Jun, JunD, c-Fos, FosB, and Fra-1 proteins. Reporter assays combined with deletion mutagenesis analysis and gel shift assays showed the involvement of activator protein 1 in the activation of MMP-2 promoter activity by Bcl-2. Taken together, we have shown that Bcl-2 promotes tumor invasion and lung metastasis by inducing MMP-2 gene expression through the combined action of transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms.
Enhanced Human-Type Receptor Binding by Ferret-Transmissible H5N1 with a K193T Mutation (2018)

All human influenza pandemics have originated from avian influenza viruses. Although multiple changes are needed for an avian virus to be able to transmit between humans, binding to human-type receptors is essential. Several research groups have reported mutations in H5N1 viruses that exhibit specificity for human-type receptors and promote respiratory droplet transmission between ferrets. Upon detailed analysis, we have found that these mutants exhibit significant differences in fine receptor specificity compared to human H1N1 and H3N2 and retain avian-type receptor binding. We have recently shown that human influenza viruses preferentially bind to α2-6-sialylated branched N-linked glycans, where the sialic acids on each branch can bind to receptor sites on two protomers of the same hemagglutinin (HA) trimer. In this binding mode, the glycan projects over the 190 helix at the top of the receptor-binding pocket, which in H5N1 would create a stearic clash with lysine at position 193. Thus, we hypothesized that a K193T mutation would improve binding to branched N-linked receptors. Indeed, the addition of the K193T mutation to the H5 HA of a respiratory-droplet-transmissible virus dramatically improves both binding to human trachea epithelial cells and specificity for extended α2-6-sialylated N-linked glycans recognized by human influenza viruses.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Infections by avian H5N1 viruses are associated with a high mortality rate in several species, including humans. Fortunately, H5N1 viruses do not transmit between humans because they do not bind to human-type receptors. In 2012, three seminal papers have shown how these viruses can be engineered to transmit between ferrets, the human model for influenza virus infection. Receptor binding, among others, was changed, and the viruses now bind to human-type receptors. Receptor specificity was still markedly different compared to that of human influenza viruses. Here we report an additional mutation in ferret-transmissible H5N1 that increases human-type receptor binding. K193T seems to be a common receptor specificity determinant, as it increases human-type receptor binding in multiple subtypes. The K193T mutation can now be used as a marker during surveillance of emerging viruses to assess potential pandemic risk.
Proliferative Capacity of Human Fibroblasts When Cultured in Serum From Young or Old Cows (1989)

Diploid human fibroblasts have a limited proliferative capacity when grown in vitro, leading to senescence and eventual death of the culture. Results of earlier work suggested that serum from older animals might contain higher concentrations of growth inhibitors that could accelerate the onset of cellular senescence. To reexamine this question, we cultured human MRC-5 cells in bovine fetal calf serum and in serum from cows of various ages. Surprisingly, we found that human MRC-5 cells, which are normally cultured in bovine fetal calf serum, exhibit nearly identical proliferative capacity when grown in serum from young or old cows. Our failure to detect significant differences in the proliferative capacity of MRC-5 cells cultured in serum from cows of widely different ages suggests that the balance of growth-stimulating and growth-inhibiting factors in serum does not vary significantly as a function of animal age.