gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of 2.1 and 3.5 × 106 sex-sorted sperm dosages on conception rates of Holstein cows and heifers (2010)

The objective was to compare conceptions rates of Holstein cows and heifers after artificial insemination (AI) with 2.1 or 3.5x10(6) sex-sorted sperm or 15x10(6) conventional sperm. Ejaculates collected from 7 Holstein sires were cryopreserved conventionally at 15x10(6) sperm per dose or sorted to 90% purity for X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa using flow cytometry and cryopreserved at either 2.1 or 3.5x10(6) sperm per dose. All treatments were processed in an egg-yolk (20%), Tris, glycerol (7%) extender and packaged in color-coded 0.25-mL French straws. Straws (n=700 straws/dosage per sire) were packaged and distributed in aliquots of 12 (4 straws/sperm dosage) to 69 Holstein herds with an across-herd goal of achieving approximately 50% use in heifers and cows. Straw color was recorded in the on-farm recordkeeping system at the time of AI and retrieved by electronic download. Data for cows and heifers were analyzed separately. Among heifers, 6,268 services were retrieved from 45 herds (298+/-4.2 services/sperm dose per sire; range: 244 to 344). Conception rate of heifers was influenced by the sire by treatment interaction. Conception rate of the 2.1 and 3.5x10(6) sex-sorted sperm dosages were comparable in 6 of 7 sires. Conception rate of both sex-sorted dosages were less than those of conventional semen for 6 of 7 sires. Across sires, heifer conception rates for 2.1 and 3.5x10(6) sex-sorted sperm dosages and 15x10(6) conventional dosages were 44, 46, and 61%, respectively. Among cows, 5,466 services were retrieved from 52 herds (260+/-3.3 services/sperm dose per sire; range: 236 to 289). Conception rates of cows were influenced by herd, sire, and sperm dosage. Conception rates of the 2.1 and 3.5x10(6) sex-sorted sperm dosage were comparable for all 7 sires. Conception rates of 2.1x10(6) sex-sorted sperm dosage were less than those of conventional semen for 4 of 7 sires and conception rates of the 3.5x10(6) sex-sorted sperm dosage were less than those of conventional semen for 2 of 7 sires. Across sires, conception rates for 2.1 and 3.5x10(6) sex-sorted sperm dosages and 15x10(6) conventional dosages in cows were 23, 25, and 32%, respectively. In conclusion, these data could not confirm that a meaningful improvement in conception rates should be expected in cows or heifers from increasing sex-sorted sperm dosage from 2.1 to 3.5x10(6) sperm per dose.
A novel string-to-string distance measure with applications to machine translation evaluation (2003)

We introduce a string-to-string distance measure which extends the edit distance by block transpositions as constant cost edit operation. An algorithm for the calculation of this distance measure in polynomial time is presented. We then demonstrate how this distance measure can be used as an evaluation criterion in machine translation. The correlation between this evaluation criterion and human judgment is systematically compared with that of other automatic evaluation measures on two translation tasks. In general, like other automatic evaluation measures, the criterion shows low correlation at sentence level, but good correlation at system level. 1
EMG Activity of the Human Medial Pterygoid Muscle in Relation to Other Jaw Muscles. Part 1. A Newly Deviced Bipolar Needle Electrode and an Aid to Insertion into the Medial Pterygoid Muscle. (1996)

In order to conduct the EMG activity of the human medial pterygoid muscle, a bipolar needle electrode (Thumbtack type) was newly devised and an aid (Needle indicator) to insertion of the electrode into the muscle was made.Then the activity of the medial pterygoid muscle during clenching was recorded by using them and investigated.The results were as follows:1. The bipolar needle electrode formed as a thumbtack was easy to handle and to insert into the medial pterygoid muscle.2. The apparatus, which could indicate the orientation of the medial pterygoid muscle on the mandibular angle, was very useful when inserting the electrode into the muscle.3. The original waves of EMG during tasks were clear and did not hinder the quantification of EMG.
Differentially Expressed Potassium Channels Are Associated with Function of Human Effector Memory CD8+ T Cells (2017)

The voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv1.3, and the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-activated potassium channel, KCa3.1, regulate membrane potentials in T cells, thereby controlling T cell activation and cytokine production. However, little is known about the expression and function of potassium channels in human effector memory (EM) CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells that can be further divided into functionally distinct subsets based on the expression of the interleukin (IL)-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Rα) chain. Herein, we investigated the functional expression and roles of Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 in EM CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells that express high or low levels of the IL-7 receptor alpha chain (IL-7Rα<sup>high</sup> and IL-7Rα<sup>low</sup>, respectively). In contrast to the significant activity of Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 in IL-7Rα<sup>high</sup> EM CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, IL-7Rα<sup>low</sup> EM CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells showed lower expression of Kv1.3 and insignificant expression of KCa3.1. Kv1.3 was involved in the modulation of cell proliferation and IL-2 production, whereas KCa3.1 affected the motility of EM CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. The lower motility of IL-7Rα<sup>low</sup> EM CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells was demonstrated using transendothelial migration and motility assays with intercellular adhesion molecule 1- and/or chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1α-coated surfaces. Consistent with the lower migration property, IL-7Rα<sup>low</sup> EM CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells were found less frequently in human skin. Stimulating IL-7Rα<sup>low</sup> EM CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells with IL-2 or IL-15 increased their motility and recovery of KCa3.1 activity. Our findings demonstrate that Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 are differentially involved in the functions of EM CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. The weak expression of potassium channels in IL-7Rα<sup>low</sup> EM CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells can be revived by stimulation with IL-2 or IL-15, which restores the associated functions. This study suggests that IL-7Rα<sup>high</sup> EM CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells with functional potassium channels may serve as a reservoir for effector CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells during peripheral inflammation.
Combined transcranial direct current stimulation and robot-assisted gait training in patients with chronic stroke: a preliminary comparison (2011)

In the present pilot study transcranial direct current stimulation had no additional effect on robot-assisted gait training in patients with chronic stroke. Larger studies are required to confirm these preliminary findings.
Restorative Therapy of Erosion (2006)

When substance loss caused by erosive tooth wear reaches a certain degree, oral rehabilitation becomes necessary. Prior to the most recent decade, the severely eroded dentition could only be rehabilitated by the provision of extensive crown and bridge work or removable overdentures. As a result of the improvements in composite restorative materials, and in adhesive techniques, it has become possible to rehabilitate eroded dentitions in a less invasive manner. However, even today advanced erosive destruction requires the placement of more extensive restorations such as ceramic veneers or overlays and crowns. It has to be kept in mind that the etiology of the erosive lesions needs to be determined in order to halt the disease, otherwise the erosive process will continue to destroy tooth substance. This overview presents aspects concerning the restorative materials as well as the treatment options available to rehabilitate patients with erosion, from minimally invasive direct composite reconstructions to adhesively retained all-ceramic restorations. Restorative treatment is dependent on individual circumstances and the perceived needs and concerns of the patient. Long-term success is only possible when the cause is eliminated. In all situations, the restorative preparations have to follow the principles of minimally invasive treatment.
Effect of negative-tone mask lithography on lens aberration phenomena (1999)

In this paper, the method to decrease lens aberration phenomena is presented. The performance of mask tone is compared experimentally and by simulation for actual conditions of 0.18um lithography. The stepper with some aberration was used with several modified illumination conditions. The effectiveness of negative tone lithography was confirmed experimentally. CD variations of sub-dense or isolated line patterns in intrafield are improved from about 30-40nm to 10-20nm for every illumination condition. For overlay, the placement error of isolate line patterns is improved from around 10nm to 5nm. By simulation, the phenomena are investigated for the same illumination conditions are experimental ones. It is proven that negative tone mask lithography is less sensitive to aberration rather than positive one, which corresponds to smaller intrafield CD and overlay variation errors. The reason why negative tone mask lithography is effective is investigated. From this study, it can be concluded that negative tone mask lithography is more robust for lens aberration phenomena than positive one for such pattern layer which consists mainly of sub-dense and isolated patterns as gate layer. In the viewpoint of production, with this method, even the stepper which has some aberration can get CD and overlay controllability to be suitable for 0.18um lithography.
Magnetresonanztomografie bei Patienten mit Herzschrittmachern und Defibrillatoren: aktueller Stand (2012)

Magnetic resonance imaging is generally regarded a contraindication in patients with implanted cardiac pacemakers or cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) due to the risk of severe complications caused by interactions of the magnetic resonance surrounding and the electric devices. However, recent technical advances in conjunction with a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for such potentially life-threatening complications have allowed an increasing number of pacemaker and ICD patients to undergo MRI unharmed over the last years. With the availability of even further advanced, "MR-conditional" devices, which have entered the market, more pacemaker patients will be allowed to undergo MRI safely in the future. Specific precautions and specifications of these devices should be carefully followed as good as possible, to avoid patient risks that might appear with further increasing indications and patient numbers.
Single‐dose oral challenges to validate eliciting doses in children with cow’s milk allergy (2021)

These data support an estimated ED<sub>05</sub> for cow's milk of 0.5 mg protein. Values for ED<sub>05</sub> above 0.5 mg for cow's milk protein proposed for allergen risk management need to be reviewed.
Effects of CuO-V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Additions on the Microstructure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of 0.42ZnNb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>-0.58TiO<sub>2</sub> Ceramics (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
[Study of names and folklore associated with Mycobacterium ulcerans infection in various endemic countries in Africa]. (2007)

The purpose of this article is to present names used for Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli ulcer) and explain their meanings in various African languages. Representations associated with the disease were also studied. The study approach involved qualitative analysis of information from interviews and literature. Interviews were conducted with the directors of various programs and management centers. Findings from 9 African countries where Buruli ulcer is known to be endemic, i.e., Benin, Cameroon, Congo-Brazzaville, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Uganda, Democratic Republic of Congo, Southern Sudan and Togo, showed that the names used for the disease could be classified into three categories based on the geographical origin of infection, the features of the observed lesions, and aspects of ost often associated with belief in witch-craft, i.e., bad luck, fetishes, and curses. Representation of the disease in different African languages were similar and appear to demonstrate a good understanding of the disease in the countries where Buruli ulcer is prevalent. The impact of the representations of the disease on therapeutic choices and itineraries is also discussed.
Determination and Profiling of Human Skin Odors Using Hair Samples (2019)

Background. There is no gold standard method for human skin odor determination; several techniques can be applied to collect, extract, transfer, and detect human skin odors. However, none of these methods are suitable for field sampling of a large number of individuals. Objective. The present study aimed to develop a simple, fast, non-invasive, and low-cost method for such a purpose. Methods. Considering that hair from legs can act as a retention mesh of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), samples of leg hairs provided by healthy adult males were collected and solid-phase microextraction (SPME), in headspace (HS) mode, coupled to gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of the samples was carried out. A pilot test was applied to detect five quality markers that are frequently reported in human skin odors. Then, several steps were performed for method standardization. The method was applied to 36 different individuals (3 sampled under laboratory conditions and 33 under field conditions), aiming to evaluate its applicability in both environments. Findings. A total of 49 VOCs were identified, and 73.5% of these have been reported in previous studies. Main Conclusions. Hair from legs can be considered an efficient tool for human skin odor sampling and a suitable and practical matrix for human skin odor profile determination by using HS-SPME/GC-MS.
An inertia identification using ROELO for low speed control of electric machine (2004)

A new scheme to estimate the moment of inertia in the motor drive system in very low speed is proposed in this paper. The simple speed estimation scheme, which is usually used in most servo system for low speed operation, is sensitive to the variation of the machine parameter, especially the moment of inertia. To estimate the motor inertia value, reduced-order extended Luenberger observer (ROELO) is applied. The effectiveness of the proposed ROELO is applied by simulations.
Correlation of 4Pi and Electron Microscopy to Study Transport Through Single Golgi Stacks in Living Cells with Super Resolution (2009)

Two problems have hampered the use of light microscopy for structural studies of cellular organelles for a long time: the limited resolution and the difficulty of obtaining true structural boundaries from complex intensity curves. The advent of modern high-resolution light microscopy techniques and their combination with objective image segmentation now provide us with the means to bridge the gap between light and electronmicroscopy in cell biology applications. In this study, we provide the first comparative correlative analysis of three-dimensional structures obtained by 4Pi microscopy and segmented by a zero-crossing procedure with those of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The distribution within the cisternae of isolated Golgi stacks of the cargo protein procollagen 3 was mapped by both 4Pi microscopy and TEM for a detailed comparative analysis of their imaging capabilities. A high correlation was seen for the structures, indicating the particular accuracy of the 4Pi microscopy. Furthermore, for the first time, transport of a cargo molecule (vesicular stomatitis virus G protein-pEGFP) through individual Golgi stacks (labeled by galactosyl transferase-venus-YFP) was visualized by 4Pi microscopy. Following the procedures validated by the correlative analysis, our transport experiments show that (i) VSVG-pEGFP rapidly enter/exit individual Golgi stacks, (ii) VSVG-pEGFP never fills the GalT-venusYFP compartments completely and (iii) the GalT-venusYFP compartment volume increases upon VSVG-pEGFP arrival. This morphological evidence supports some previous TEM-based observations of intra-Golgi transport of VSVG-pEGFP and provides new insights toward a better understanding of protein progression across Golgi stacks. Our study thus demonstrates the general applicability of super resolution fluorescence microscopy, coupled with the zero-crossing segmentation procedure, for structural studies of suborganelle protein distributions under living cell conditions.
Primary Biliary Stones: Diagnosis and Management (1998)

To review the results of treatment of primary biliary stones, 96 consecutive patients managed from 1991 to 1996 were studied retrospectively. Acute cholangitis and abdominal pain were the presenting symptoms in 57 patients (59%) and 29 patients (30%), respectively. Fifty-four patients (56%) had a history of biliary surgery. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography were frequently employed for diagnosis of primary biliary stones and were performed on 84 patients (88%), 90 patients (94%), and 89 patients (93%), respectively. Intrahepatic stones were identified in 91 patients (95%) and biliary strictures in 34 patients (35%). Concomitant cholangiocarcinoma occurred in 15 patients (16%). Hepatic resection was required in 55 patients (57%) for removal of an atrophic liver lobe or a segment related to repeated infection, biliary strictures, liver abscesses, or cholangiocarcinoma. Intraoperative choledochoscopy was routinely performed in all patients to detect, remove, or confirm clearance of biliary stones. A hepaticocutaneous jejunostomy (HCJ) was constructed in 70 patients (73%) to facilitate postoperative choledochoscopic examination or biliary stone extraction. Twenty-two patients (23%) had residual stones and required postoperative choledochoscopic extraction. Complete eradication of residual stones was achieved in all patients. Postoperative morbidity occurred in 28 patients (29%), and there was one hospital death (a patient with cholangiocarcinoma). With a median follow-up of 26 months (range 2-62 months), stones recurred in three patients. In conclusion, the early results of treatment of primary biliary stones were satisfactory owing to a systematic, aggressive approach that consisted of hepatic resection, frequent construction of an HCJ, and postoperative choledochoscopy.
Upregulation of the chemokines Rantes, MCP‐1, MIP‐1a and MIP‐2 in early infection with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and inhibition by sympathetic denervation of the spleen (1999)

We examined the induction of 4 chemokines during early experimental African trypanosomiasis using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. mRNA expression and protein production of Rantes, MCP-1, MIP-1a and MIP-2 were studied in splenocytes obtained at 0 h, 4 h and 12 h post-infection. Splenic denervation was performed to study the role of the central nervous system in early infection. The mRNA for Rantes increased at 4 h and declined at 12 h, but the protein level was high at both time-points. MCP-1 and MIP-la had elevated mRNA and protein levels at 12 h post-infection. MIP-2 mRNA was high at both 4 h and 12 h, but the protein level was only increased at 12 h. Splenic denervation, but not sham operation, suppressed these responses. The upregulation of these chemokines during very early infection suggests a chemokine role in the developing immunopathology The sympathetic nervous system may, however, participate in modulation of such early immune responses.
Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of VOCs Produced by Phytophthora cinnamomi (2014)

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Phytophthora cinnamomi-infected lupin seedlings were collected by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME). The sampling was done 28 to 44, 52 to 68, and 76 to 92 h after inoculation (HAI). The HS-SPME samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) to assess the differences in volatile compounds between the P. cinnamomi-infected lupin seedlings and the control. Three specific peaks were identified after 52 to 68 h with the infected lupin seedlings, at which time there were no visible aboveground symptoms of infection. Subsequently, the VOCs of five different substrates (V8A, PDA, lupin seedlings, soil, and soil + lupin seedlings) infected with P. cinnamomi and the corresponding controls were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of 87 VOCs were identified. Of these, the five most abundant that were unique to all five inoculated substrates included: 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol, 4-ethylphenol, butyrolactone, phenylethyl alcohol, and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone. Therefore, these metabolites can be used as markers for the identification of P. cinnamomi in different growing environments. Some VOCs were specific to a particular substrate; for example, 2,4,6-rrimethyl-heptanes, dl-6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol, dimethyl trisulfide, 6,10-dimethyl- 5,9-undecadien-2-ol, and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol were specific to P. cinnamomi + V8A; heptanes and 5-methyl-3-heptaneone were specific to P. cinnamomi + PDA; 3-methyl-1-butanol, ethyl acetate, 2-methyl-propanoic acid, ethyl ester, and ethyl ester 2-methyl-butanoic acid were specific to P. cinnamomi-inoculated lupin seedlings; and benzyl alcohol and 4-ethyl-1, 2-dimethoxybenzene were only detected in the headspace of inoculated soil + lupin seedlings. Results from this investigation have multiple impacts as the volatile organic profiles produced by the pathogen can be utilized as an early warning system to detect the pathogen from contaminated field soil samples. Data from this investigation have also illuminated potential metabolic pathways utilized by the oomycete during infection which may serve as potential targets for the development of specific control strategies.
An introduction to matched filters (1960)

In a tutorial exposition, the following topics are discussed: definition of a matched filter; where matched filters arise; properties of matched filters; matched-filter synthesis and signal specification; some forms of matched filters.
Display of clouds taking into account multiple anisotropic scattering and sky light (1996)

Article Free Access Share on Display of clouds taking into account multiple anisotropic scattering and sky light Authors: Tomoyuki Nishita Fukuyama University, Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, 729-02 Japan Fukuyama University, Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, 729-02 JapanView Profile , Yoshinori Dobashi Hiroshima University, 1-4-1, kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, 739 Japan Hiroshima University, 1-4-1, kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, 739 JapanView Profile , Eihachiro Nakamae Hiroshima Prefectural University, Nanatsuka-cho, Shoubara City, 727 Japan Hiroshima Prefectural University, Nanatsuka-cho, Shoubara City, 727 JapanView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '96: Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniquesAugust 1996 Pages 379–386https://doi.org/10.1145/237170.237277Published:01 August 1996Publication History 92citation2,177DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations92Total Downloads2,177Last 12 Months145Last 6 weeks14 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF