gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the contents and ratios of five fractionated proteins to elucidate the protein composition in soybean seeds (2023)

Abstract Selecting suitable soybean cultivars is important for food processing and exploring their endowment with desirable physiological functions. We applied the fractionation method previously established to compare soy protein composition among cultivars to promote such a selection. More than 95% of the proteins in soybean cotyledons were extracted from 13 soybean cultivars using a high‐concentration salt solution. The extracted proteins were fractionated into five fractions, namely oil body‐associated protein (OBAP), polar lipid‐associated protein (PLAP), globulins (11S and 7S), and whey by centrifugation after tuning the solubility behavior of the proteins with various solutions. Protein species in each fraction were analyzed by SDS‐PAGE. Protein content in the total extract and five fractions was quantified to characterize the protein composition of soybean cultivars. The correlation between the protein content of each fraction and the total protein in cotyledon was investigated. A strong positive correlation was found only for the 11S fraction ( r = 0.82), followed by a positive correlation in the 7S fraction ( r = 0.65). Thus, we surmised that the increased protein content in soybean was due to increased globulin content. Furthermore, the calculation of the average ratio of protein content in each fraction indicated the globulin fraction (7S and 11S) to be 52%, the lipophilic protein fraction (OBAP and PLAP) to be 33%, and the whey fraction to be 13%. The preparation method employed in this study is a promising tool for efficiently comparing the protein composition of soybean cultivars to evaluate the potential use of cultivars for food production.
Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Familial Hypercholesterolemia 2022 (2023)

As atherosclerosis begins in childhood, early diagnosis and treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is considered necessary. The basic diagnosis of pediatric FH (under 15 years of age) is based on hyper-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia and a family history of FH; however, in this guideline, to reduce overlooked cases, "probable FH" was established. Once diagnosed with FH or probable FH, efforts should be made to promptly provide lifestyle guidance, including diet. It is also important to conduct an intrafamilial survey, to identify family members with the same condition. If the level of LDL-C remains above 180 mg/dL, drug therapy should be considered at the age of 10. The first-line drug should be statin. Evaluation of atherosclerosis should be started using non-invasive techniques, such as ultrasound. The management target level is an LDL-C level of less than 140 mg/dL. If a homozygous FH is suspected, consult a specialist and determine the response to pharmacotherapy with evaluating atherosclerosis. If the response is inadequate, initiate lipoprotein apheresis as soon as possible.
In‐vitro investigations on laser‐induced smoke generation mimicking the laparoscopic laser surgery purposes (2014)

Intraoperative smoke‐generation limits the quality of vision during laparoscopic/endoscopic laser‐assisted surgeries. The current study aimed at the evaluation of factors affecting this phenomenon. As a first step, a suitable experimental setup and a test tissue model were established for this investigation. The experimental setup is composed of a specific sample container, a laser therapy component suitable for the ablation of model tissue at different treatment wavelengths (λ = 980 nm, 1350 nm, 1470 nm), a suction unit providing continuous smoke extraction, and a detection unit for smoke quantification via detection of light (λ = 633 nm) scattered from smoke particles. The ablation rate (AR) was calculated by dividing the ablated volume by the ablation time (60 sec). The laser‐induced scattering signal intensity of the smoke (SI) was determined from time‐charts of the signal intensity as a measure for vision, in addition a delay‐time t delay could be derived defining the onset of SI after the laser was switched on. The ratio SI/AR is used as a measure for smoke generation in relation to the ablation rate. Additionally the light transmission of the tissue samples was used to estimate their optical properties. In this set‐up, smoke generation using λ = 980 nm as ablation laser wavelength was detected after a delay‐time t delay = (121.6 ± 24.8) sec which is significantly longer compared to the wavelengths λ = 1350 nm with t delay = (89.8 ± 19.3) sec and λ = 1470 nm with t delay = (24.7 ± 5.4) sec. Thus, the delay Experimental set‐up consisting of sample container, laser therapy component, suction unit and scattered‐light detection compartment. time is wavelength‐dependent. The SI/AR ratio was significantly different ( p &lt; 0.001) for 1470 nm irradiation compared to 980 nm irradiation [SI/AR(1470) = (11.8 ± 2.6) · 10 3 vs. SI/AR(980) = (8.6 ± 2.0) · 10 3 ]. The ablation crater for 980 nm irradiation was comparable with 1470 nm irradiation, but the coagulation rim was thicker in the 980 nm case. In conclusion, it could be shown experimentally that smoke‐generation depends on the wavelength used for laser ablation. magnified image Experimental set‐up consisting of sample container, laser therapy component, suction unit and scattered‐light detection compartment. time is wavelength‐dependent. The SI/AR ratio was significantly different ( p &lt; 0.001) for 1470 nm irradiation compared to 980 nm irradiation [SI/AR(1470) = (11.8 ± 2.6) · 10 3 vs. SI/AR(980) = (8.6 ± 2.0) · 10 3 ]. The ablation crater for 980 nm irradiation was comparable with 1470 nm irradiation, but the coagulation rim was thicker in the 980 nm case. In conclusion, it could be shown experimentally that smoke‐generation depends on the wavelength used for laser ablation.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Functional TLR5 Genetic Variants Affect Human Colorectal Cancer Survival (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 143K, Work flow for analyses in whole blood.&lt;/p&gt;
A Ca2+-activated NADPH Oxidase in Testis, Spleen, and Lymph Nodes (2001)

Superoxide and its derivatives are increasingly implicated in the regulation of physiological functions from oxygen sensing and blood pressure regulation to lymphocyte activation and sperm-oocyte fusion. Here we describe a novel superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase referred to as NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5). NOX5 is distantly related to the gp91(phox) subunit of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase with conserved regions crucial for the electron transport (NADPH, FAD and heme binding sites). However, NOX5 has a unique N-terminal extension that contains three EF hand motifs. The mRNA of NOX5 is expressed in pachytene spermatocytes of testis and in B- and T-lymphocyte-rich areas of spleen and lymph nodes. When heterologously expressed, NOX5 was quiescent in unstimulated cells. However, in response to elevations of the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration it generated large amounts of superoxide. Upon Ca(2+) activation, NOX5 also displayed a second function: it became a proton channel, presumably to compensate charge and pH alterations due to electron export. In summary, we have identified a novel NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide and functions as a H(+) channel in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. NOX5 is likely to be involved in Ca(2+)-activated, redox-dependent processes of spermatozoa and lymphocytes such as sperm-oocyte fusion, cell proliferation, and cytokine secretion.
Introducing the JLoad: A Java Learning Object to Assist the Deaf (2014)

Growing demand for computer programmers presents a good opportunity for better paying jobs for those who are deaf. Our online java programming course designed for the deaf has staggering dropout rates. We introduce the JLoad, an e-learning object designed to smooth the learning curve of a remote deaf Java learner. JLoad has a simple IDE and collaboration tools to enable asynchronous and remote situated student monitoring and assistance. Such collaboration involves student, tutors and translators. We presented JLoad's prototypes to a community of deaf programmers and tutor for early validation. We discuss how they received JLoad and improved its prototypes.
Formation of bone-like apatite on poly(L-lactic acid) fibers by a biomimetic process (2001)

Bone-like apatite coating on poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) fibers was formed by immersing the fibers in a modified simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 degrees C and pH 7.3 after hydrolysis of the fibers in water. The ion concentrations in SBF were nearly 1.5 times of those in the human blood plasma. The apatite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thin-film X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. After 15 days of incubation in SBF, an apatite layer with about 5-6 microm thickness was formed on the surface of the fibers. This apatite had a Ca/P ratio similar to that of natural bone. The mass of apatite coated PLLA fibers increased with extending the incubation time. After 20 days incubation, the fibers increased their mass by 25.8 +/- 2.1%. The apatite coating had no significant effect on the tensile properties of PLLA fibers. In this article, the bone-like apatite coating on three-dimensional PLLA braids was also studied. The motivation for this apatite coating was that it might demonstrate enhanced osteoconductivity in the future studies when they serve as biodegradable scaffolds in tissue engineering.
An array of WO3 and CTO heterojunction semiconducting metal oxide gas sensors used as a tool for explosive detection (2016)

An array of WO<sub>3</sub> and CTO heterojunction semiconducting metal oxide gas sensors used for the detection of explosives.
Über 2.4‐Dioxo‐tetrahydro‐6‐aza‐pteridine (6‐Aza‐lumazine) (1964)

Abstract Die Synthese von 7‐Alkylmercapto‐6‐aza‐lumazinen wird beschrieben sowie deren Methylierung, deren Verseifung zu 7‐Hydroxy‐Verbindungen und Umsetzungen zu einem 7‐Chlorderivat und mehreren 7‐Aminoderivaten. Die dargestellten 6‐Aza‐lumazine stellen Vertreter eines bisher unbekannten Ringsystems dar. –Durch Alkalibehandlung entstehen aus 6‐Aza‐lumazinen sowie aus Alloxansemi‐ bzw. ‐ thiosemicarbazonen monocyclische as ‐Triazine.
Safety and efficacy of balloon angioplasty of the anterior cerebral artery for vasospasm treatment after subarachnoid hemorrhage (2017)

Balloon angioplasty is often performed for symptomatic vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angioplasty of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA), however, is perceived to be a challenging endeavor and not routinely performed due to technical and safety concerns. Here, we evaluate the safety and efficacy of balloon angioplasty of the anterior cerebral artery for vasospasm treatment. Patients with vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage who underwent balloon angioplasty at our institution between 2011 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. All ACA angioplasty segments were analyzed for pre- and post-angioplasty radiographic measurements. The degree of vasospasm was categorized as mild (<25%), moderate (25-50%), or severe (>50%), and relative change in caliber was measured following treatment. Clinical outcomes following treatment were also assessed. Among 17 patients, 82 total vessel segments and 35 ACA segments were treated with balloon angioplasty. Following angioplasty, 94% of segments had increased caliber. Neurological improvement was noted in 75% of awake patients. There were no intra-procedural complications, but two patients developed ACA territory infarction, despite angioplasty treatment. We demonstrate that balloon angioplasty of the ACA for vasospasm treatment is safe and effective. Thus, ACA angioplasty should be considered to treat vasospasm in symptomatic patients recalcitrant to vasodilation infusion therapy.
Oscillation effects in IGBT's related to negative capacitance phenomena (1999)

Insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT's) are inherently unstable at high collector voltages due to negative gate capacitance values. We investigate IGBT gate voltage oscillations by experiment and through computer simulation. In addition, we show that under certain gate circuit conditions, gate voltage oscillations can lead to already observed collector current imbalance effects.
DeformRS: Certifying Input Deformations with Randomized Smoothing (2021)

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to input deformations in the form of vector fields of pixel displacements and to other parameterized geometric deformations e.g. translations, rotations, etc. Current input deformation certification methods either 1. do not scale to deep networks on large input datasets, or 2. can only certify a specific class of deformations, e.g. only rotations. We reformulate certification in randomized smoothing setting for both general vector field and parameterized deformations and propose DeformRS-VF and DeformRS-Par, respectively. Our new formulation scales to large networks on large input datasets. For instance, DeformRS-Par certifies rich deformations, covering translations, rotations, scaling, affine deformations, and other visually aligned deformations such as ones parameterized by Discrete-Cosine-Transform basis. Extensive experiments on MNIST, CIFAR10, and ImageNet show competitive performance of DeformRS-Par achieving a certified accuracy of $39\%$ against perturbed rotations in the set $[-10\degree,10\degree]$ on ImageNet.
TRIALKYLZINCLITHIUM [R3ZnLi] A NEW REAGENT FOR CONJUGATE ADDITION TO α,β-UNSATURATED KETONES (1977)

Abstract Trialkylzinclithium is readily prepared in THF by mixing zinc chloride (or its TMEDA complex) and alkyllithium in a 1 : 3 mole ratio. Conjugate addition of this new reagent is demonstrated with 2-cyclohexen-1-one (I) and dicyclopentadien-1-one (IV) as a,α,β-unsaturated ketones.
Potential benefit of early operative utilization of low profile, partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (P-REBOA) in major traumatic hemorrhage (2016)

A 28-year-old man with multiple gunshot wounds to the chest and upper extremities was transported by private vehicle to a community hospital with limited trauma capabilities. On arrival he developed pulseless electrical activity and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated. He was intubated, transfused with 4 units of packed red blood cells, and resuscitated with 2 L of crystalloid prior to regaining spontaneous circulation. Left-sided tube thoracostomy immediately drained 1600 mL of bright red blood. He was transiently stable for a short transport to the nearest level 1 trauma center.

On arrival the patient was normotensive with tachycardia. Chest X-ray demonstrated persistent left-sided hemothorax despite a well-positioned chest tube. Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) examination was negative for pericardial fluid, but positive for intra-abdominal fluid. During the secondary examination the patient became hypotensive with systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the 70 s. A massive transfusion protocol was initiated, tranexamic acid was administered, and the patient was promptly transported to the operating room.

The patient transiently responded to the massive transfusion. While instruments were being opened in the operating room, he again became hypotensive with SBP in the 50 s. The patient was acidotic (pH of 6.87, base excess −14.6), coagulopathic (international normalized ratio of 1.5) and …
Preparing a collection of radiology examinations for distribution and retrieval (2015)

Stringent de-identification methods can remove all identifiers from text radiology reports. DICOM de-identification of images does not remove all identifying information and needs special attention to images scanned from film. Adding manual coding to the radiologist narrative reports significantly improved relevancy of the retrieved clinical documents. The de-identified Indiana chest X-ray collection is available for searching and downloading from the National Library of Medicine (http://openi.nlm.nih.gov/).
BURTON MCCOLLUM(1880-1964) (1964)

Abstract BURTON McCOLLUM was born June 1, 1880, in Redfield, Kansas. He received a BSc. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Kansas, where he was elected to Sigma Xi, and was an instructor for sometime. In 1958, his Alma Mater honored him with a citation equivalent to an honorary degree.
Strategic Computing: DARPA and the Quest for Machine Intelligence, 1983-1993 (2002)

This is the story of an extraordinary effort by the U.S. Department of Defense to hasten the advent of machines that think. From 1983 to 1993, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) spent an extra $1 billion on computer research aimed at achieving artificial intelligence. The Strategic Computing Initiative (SCI) was conceived as an integrated plan to promote computer chip design and manufacture, computer architecture, and artificial intelligence software. What distinguished SCI from other large-scale technology programs was that it self-consciously set out to advance an entire research front. The SCI succeeded in fostering significant technological successes, even though it never achieved machine intelligence. The goal provided a powerful organizing principle for a suite of related research programs, but it did not solve the problem of coordinating these programs. In retrospect, it is hard to see how it could have.In Strategic Computing, Alex Roland and Philip Shiman uncover the roles played in the SCI by technology, individuals, and social and political forces. They explore DARPA culture, especially the information processing culture within the agency, and they evaluate the SCI's accomplishments and set them in the context of overall computer development during this period. Their book is an important contribution to our understanding of the complex sources of contemporary computing.
P1233: PRIMARY REFRACTORY PLASMABLASTIC LYMPHOMA: A PRECISION ONCOLOGY APPROACH (2022)

Background: The comprehensive implementation of standardized multidisciplinary molecular tumor boards (MTB) and synchronous advancements in genomic profiling diversified the spectrum of treatment strategies in cancer patients, predominantly focusing on those with solid tumors. However, hematologic malignancies remain underrepresented in MTBs. Aims: The current study aimed to assess the potential of precision oncology for primary refractory plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL), a highly lethal blood cancer. Methods: We re-evaluated previously published whole exome sequencing (WES) data of 14 primary refractory PBL cases from initial diagnosis. For this proof-of-concept study, the institutional MTB pipeline (University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein: UCCSH) which is certified for routine clinical diagnostics has been conducted for the individual annotation of mutations aiming to virtually recommend molecularly stratified treatment strategies. Evidence levels for MTB-recommendations were defined in accordance with the NCT/DKTK MASTER program. Results: Median age was 76.5 years (range 56-91) and 78.6% patients were male. The composition of given cytoreductive regimens was heterogenous and the overall prognosis was dismal. The standard turn-around time for the MTB pipeline after sampling was 21 days. Potential recommendations on a molecular stratified treatment option with a NCT/DKTK evidence level of at least m2A were detected for each PBL case. Based on immunohistochemical assessment (CD19, CD30, CD38 and CD79B), data-base research revealed targeted treatment recommendations in 11/14 (78.6%) cases. Genetic alterations were classified in accordance with biomarker/treatment baskets proposed by Horak et al. According to baskets, we identified tyrosine kinases (TK; n=7), PI3K-MTOR-AKT pathway (PAM; n=3), cell cycle alterations (CC; n=2), RAF-MEK-ERK cascade (REM; n=2) and others (OTH; n=7) for targeted treatment recommendations. Moreover, immunotherapeutic approaches seemed feasible in 6 PBL cases due to the predominant affection of DNA-damage repair genes. Each recommended drug was either approved by the FDA and/or EMA or at least designated for FDA fast track development. Summary/Conclusion: The presented proof-of-concept study demonstrates the applicability of precision oncology approaches in PBL patients. Due to the aggressive course of the disease, such patients are in urgent medical need for personalized treatment approaches instead of conventional chemotherapeutic options and should be considered for MTB inclusion at the earliest time.
Improved Adsorption to Starch of a β‐Galactosidase Fusion Protein Containing the Starch‐Binding Domain from Aspergillus Glucoamylase (1991)

We have previously shown (Chen et al., 1991) that a beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) fusion protein (BSB133) containing 133 amino acids (aa) from the C-terminus of Aspergillus glucoamylase (GA) adsorbs strongly to starch compared to beta-gal, due to the presence of the GA starch-binding domain. We have now made deletions at the N-terminus of this 133-aa region to test the minimal size required for starch binding of beta-gal fusion proteins. Three fusion proteins (BSB119, BSB103, and BSB80) were genetically engineered, containing 119, 103, and 80 C-terminal aa from GA, respectively. The fusion proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Purified BSB119 adsorbed to native starch at least 2-fold more strongly than did BSB133 or fusion proteins with shorter tails. Adsorption isotherms generated over a wide range of initial concentrations indicated a 10-fold difference in the loading capacity of starch for BSB119 (36.5 mg of protein/g of starch) compared to beta-gal (3.7 mg of protein/g of starch). Adsorption constants calculated from the initial slopes of the isotherms indicated a nearly 30-fold difference in affinity to starch for BSB119 (Kad = 63 mL/g of starch) compared to beta-gal (Kad = 2.3 mL/g of starch). BSB119 in the presence of crude enzyme extracts also bound to starch with a high affinity compared to a beta-gal control. Potential applications of the starch-binding tail include enzyme immobilization to starch or recovery and purification of target proteins from crude extracts.
An object-oriented system for engineering applications (1987)

One of the most promising approaches to database support of engineering applications is the concept of object-oriented database management. Object-orientation is usually approached from either a behavioral or structural viewpoint. The former emphasizes the application-specific manipulation of technical objects while hiding their structural details whereas the latter concentrates on the structural aspects and their efficient implementation. The thesis of the paper is that the two viewpoints may enter into a fruitful symbiosis where a behaviorally object-oriented system is implemented on top of a structurally object-oriented database system, thereby combining ease of use by the engineer with high database system performance. The thesis will be demonstrated in the paper by a user-friendly interface based on user-definable abstract datatypes and its implementation using a prototype for the non-first-normal-form (NF2) relational model, and will be supported by an engineering example application from off-line robot programming.
Epithelium of the Human Palatal Tonsil used for New Test Antigen in IIF Examination (for Pemphigus, Pemphigoid Antibodies and ANA) (1977)

The author presents the results of IIF examinations for pemphigus, pemphigoid antibodies and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) on the epithelium of the human palatal tonsil obtained by tonsillectomy in patients with chronic hypertrophic tonsillitis. Tonsil epithelium is more sensitive to intercellular antibodies (IC Ab), and antibodies of the basal membrane zone (BMZ Ab) than sample tissue of the monkey esophagus, while its reaction to ANA is the same or even weaker than monkey esophagus.
Which Revascularization Strategy Is Best for Severe Coronary Artery Lesions (2009)

In this international trial, SYNTAX, which was sponsored by the manufacturer of a drug-eluting stent (DES), 1800 patients with three-vessel or left