gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty in Flexural Capacity Prediction of Ferrocement Elements (1991)

This paper examines the uncertainty in the mathematical models used for predicting the ultimate and first‐crack moment capacities of ferrocement structural elements. Uncertainty studies are performed on five ultimate‐moment models and two first‐crack moment models using experimental data. The studies include the uncertainty in each model arising from the basic variables as well as the prediction error in each model due to the simplifications and assumptions made in deriving the model. The results obtained provide a basis for comparing the accuracy of each model as well as for use in reliability‐based design. The mechanism approach and the equilibrium method are comparatively more reliable for predicting the ultimate and first‐crack moment capacities, respectively, among the models studied.
Endogenous lipids in matrix-induced bone morphogenesis. (1995)

Demineralized matrix was delipidized with chloroform methanol before and after demineralization and implanted in muscle of allogeneic rats. Because lipids are difficult to separate completely from bone collagen, another preparation was gelatinized and delipidized with either chloroform methanol or acetone or both. Bone matrix demineralized without delipidization induced formation of a spherical-shaped deposit of new bone, which was remodeled to form a shell of cortical bone and central pool of normal hematopoietic bone marrow. When the bone was delipidized, only 20% to 25% was resorbed and replaced by new bone; unresorbed matrix failed to recalcify. Gelatinized bone matrix delipidized before implantation was even less well resorbed or replaced by new bone, but 12% to 44% of the matrix residue recalcified. The new deposits of bone were colonized by blood-borne bone marrow-derived stem cells and developed central pools of normal hematopoietic bone marrow. Recalcified residual matrix did not develop bone marrow. Additional investigations are required to determine whether the host bed adipocytes provide the phospholipids for recalcification of bone matrix. There was no preliminary recalcification in matrix-induced bone development, even though the 2 processes may occur simultaneously under specified experimental and pathologic conditions. Additional investigations are in progress to determine whether certain acetone soluble lipids may form the endogenous delivery system for bone morphogenetic protein and induced bone development.
Closed-loop response analysis of an inverted pendulum (2010)

This paper presents a locally stable nonlinear sliding mode control law for a rotary inverted pendulum with starting configurations above the horizontal line. An approximate nonlinear solution of the systems closed-loop loop dynamics during the sliding phase of the response is presented. The controller is tested experimentally and the approximate analytical solution is verified through comparison with the numerical solution. The nonlinear solution provides guidelines to select parameters that result in better controller performance.
ChemInform Abstract: Addition of an Apiosyl Radical to Activated Olefins ‐ Synthesis of C‐ Apiosyl Compounds. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Zaragozic acids: a family of fungal metabolites that are picomolar competitive inhibitors of squalene synthase. (1993)

Three closely related fungal metabolites, zaragozic acids A, B, and C, that are potent inhibitors of squalene synthase have been isolated and characterized. Zaragozic acids A, B, and C were produced from an unidentified sterile fungal culture, Sporormiella intermedia, and Leptodontium elatius, respectively. The structures of the zaragozic acids and their trimethyl esters were determined by a combination of physical and chemical techniques. The zaragozic acids are characterized by a novel 2,8-dioxobicyclo[3.2.1]octane-4,6,7- trihydroxyl-3,4,5-tricarboxylic acid core and differ from each other in the structures of the 6-acyl and 1-alkyl side chains. They were found to be potent competitive inhibitors of rat liver squalene synthase with apparent Ki values of 78 pM, 29 pM, and 45 pM, respectively. They inhibited cholesterol synthesis in Hep G2 cells, and zaragozic acid A was an inhibitor of acute hepatic cholesterol synthesis in the mouse (50% inhibitory dose of 200 micrograms/kg of body weight). Inhibition of squalene synthase in cells and in vivo was accompanied by an accumulation of label from [3H]mevalonate into farnesyl diphosphate, farnesol, and organic acids. These data indicate that the zaragozic acids are a previously unreported class of therapeutic agents with potential for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
The Derivation and Use of a Scalable Model for Network Attack Identification and Path Prediction (2008)

The rapid growth of the Internet has triggered an explosion in the number of applications that leverage its capabilities. Unfortunately, many are designed to burden or destroy the capabilities of their peers and the network's infrastructure. Hence, considerable effort has been focused on detecting and predicting the security breaches they propagate. However, the enormity of the Internet poses a formidable challenge to analyzing such attacks using scalable models. Furthermore, the lack of complete information on network vulnerabilities makes forecasting the systems that may be exploited by such applications in the future very hard. This paper presents a technique for deriving a scalable model for representing network attacks, and its application to identify actual attacks with greater certainty amongst false positives and false negatives. It also presents a method to forecast the propagation of security failures proliferated by an attack over time and its likely targets in the future. © 2008 Academy Publisher.
(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)triphenylphosphonium Bromide (2001)

[21331-80-6] C22H25BrNP (MW 414.33) InChI = 1S/C22H25NP.BrH/c1-23(2)18-19-24(20-12-6-3-7-13-20,21-14-8-4-9-15-21)22-16-10-5-11-17-22;/h3-17H,18-19H2,1-2H3;1H/q+1;/p-1 InChIKey = YIIHEMGEQQWSMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M (precursor to dimethylaminoethylidenetriphenylphosphorane, which condenses with aldehydes and ketones to give allylic amines1) Physical Data: mp 201 °C. Form Supplied in: white solid; widely commercially available. Preparative Method: this reagent and analogous N,N-dialkylaminoethyltriphenylphosphonium bromides are prepared by condensation of the corresponding β-amino alcohols with Triphenylphosphine in the presence of Hydrogen Bromide.1 Purification: recrystallization from acetic acid–chloroform. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: should be dried in vacuo for best results.
Security of the J-PAKE Password-Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol (2015)

J-PAKE is an efficient password-authenticated key exchange protocol that is included in the Open SSL library and is currently being used in practice. We present the first proof of security for this protocol in a well-known and accepted model for authenticated key-exchange, that incorporates online and offline password guessing, concurrent sessions, forward secrecy, server compromise, and loss of session keys. This proof relies on the Decision Square Diffie-Hellman assumption, as well as a strong security assumption for the non-interactive zero-knowledge (NIZK) proofs in the protocol (specifically, simulation-sound extractability). We show that the Schnorr proof-of-knowledge protocol, which was recommended for the J-PAKE protocol, satisfies this strong security assumption in a model with algebraic adversaries and random oracles, and extend the full J-PAKE proof of security to this model. Finally, we show that by modifying the recommended labels in the Schnorr protocol used in J-PAKE, we can achieve a security proof for J-PAKE with a tighter security reduction.
Age, state, environment, and season dependence of senescence in body mass (2018)

Senescence is a highly variable process that comprises both age-dependent and state-dependent components and can be greatly affected by environmental conditions. However, few studies have quantified the magnitude of age-dependent and state-dependent senescence in key life-history traits across individuals inhabiting different spatially structured and seasonal environments. We used longitudinal data from wild female yellow-bellied marmots (<i>Marmota flaviventer</i>), living in two adjacent environments that differ in elevation and associated phenology, to quantify how age and individual state, measured as "time to death," affect body mass senescence in different environments. Further, we quantified how patterns of senescence differed between two biologically distinct seasons, spring, and late summer. Body mass senescence had an age-dependent component, expressed as a decrease in mass in old age. Overall, estimated age-dependent senescence was greater in females living in the more favorable lower elevation environment, than in the harsher higher elevation environment, and greater in late summer than in spring. Body mass senescence also had a state-dependent component, captured by effects of time to death, but only in the more favorable lower elevation environment. In spring, body mass gradually decreased from 2 years before death, whereas in late summer, state-dependent effects were expressed as a terminal decrease in body mass in the last year of life. Contrary to expectations, we found that senescence was more likely to be observed under more favorable environmental conditions, rather than under harsher conditions. By further demonstrating that senescence patterns differ among seasons, our results imply that within-year temporal environmental variation must be considered alongside spatial environmental variation in order to characterize and understand the pattern and magnitude of senescence in wild populations.
La Asociatividad y los emprendimientos en el cantón Cumandá, provincia de Chimborazo período 2018. (2020)

The present research work entitled “The Associativity and Entrepreneurships in the Canton Cumanda, province of Chimborazo period 2018” aims to identify how the associativity influences the enterprises, it is for this reason that data collection was performed to analyze the information and establish a solution to the problem. The research method used is the hypothetical-deductive, the research is of the type; descriptive because it describes the reality of a situation, documentary because reports were used to obtain information and field since surveys were carried out on the representatives of the Cumanda Canton ventures. The population was conformed by the 605 ventures, which when calculating the sample, resulted in 236 people surveyed. The results obtained by analyzing the information of the data collected, it was identified that the associativity influences the enterprises, so a strategic planning model has been proposed to improve the associativity process of the different associations already established and used as the basis for the new ones to be created.
Tratamiento de aguas residuales municipales en México: unir la necesidad de incrementar la cobertura y la confiabilidad de su operación con la oportunidad de reducir sus emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (2017)

Para hacer frente a la demanda de infraestructura y el cumplimiento de las normativas ambientales, la seleccion de tecnologias de tratamiento debe tomar en cuenta no solo aspectos tecnologicos, economicos y sociales, sino losimpactos al ambiente, incorporando criterios de sostenibilidad y planeacion a largo plazo. En este sentido, las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) constituyen un importante impacto de la gestion y tratamiento del agua residual, ya que contribuyen directamente al Cambio Climatico (CC).
Incidence of ALS in Italy (2001)

Comparing these data to those of epidemiologic studies with a similar prospective design, the incidence rates are similar, despite the large differences in terms of genetics, environment, and socioeconomic background. This finding points to diffuse environmental or genetic factors rather than to a specific exogenous toxin in the pathogenesis of ALS.
Formulating Optimized Storage and Memory Space Specifications for Linux Network Embedded Systems (2014)

Embedded systems are constantly becoming more complex, as they are increasingly equipped with more functionality. Networking capability is one of the most desired features even for embedded systems, hence network applications, typically used in desktop systems, are required to become available in the embedded system domain. Rewriting these applications to fit into embedded root file systems takes time and effort that may entail a considerable cost. On the other hand, using the existing desktop applications is a good strategy, although introducing many challenges. Formulating storage specifications is easy, but it is not the same for memory as traditionally used memory tools do not utilize the Proportional Set Size value. A thoroughly architecture-independent development methodology is proposed about the construction of an optimized medium-sized network embedded system utilizing the large GNU/Linux code base and emulation. It expands from building, optimizing and comparing libraries, commonly used in embedded systems, optimizing applications to emulating the final system, constructed by an integrated building environment, so as to check functionality and to acquire insight about useful metrics that aid the decision making process. An application of the methodology, focused on the ARM architecture, was deployed demonstrating the value of it, which proves much more efficient than using Android for such constraint environments.
Cellular reprogramming: Mathematics meets medicine (2020)

Generating needed cell types using cellular reprogramming is a promising strategy for restoring tissue function in injury or disease. A common method for reprogramming is addition of one or more transcription factors that confer a new function or identity. Advancements in transcription factor selection and delivery have culminated in successful grafting of autologous reprogrammed cells, an early demonstration of their clinical utility. Though cellular reprogramming has been successful in a number of settings, identification of appropriate transcription factors for a particular transformation has been challenging. Computational methods enable more sophisticated prediction of relevant transcription factors for reprogramming by leveraging gene expression data of initial and target cell types, and are built on mathematical frameworks ranging from information theory to control theory. This review highlights the utility and impact of these mathematical frameworks in the field of cellular reprogramming. This article is categorized under: Reproductive System Diseases > Reproductive System Diseases>Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics Reproductive System Diseases > Reproductive System Diseases>Stem Cells and Development Reproductive System Diseases > Reproductive System Diseases>Computational Models.
Control of Energy-Intensive Load for Power Smoothing in Wind Power Plants (2018)

Uncertainty of the wind power output is the main influence factor for wind power utilization in the bulk power system. Because of the large capacity and the load characteristic, energy-intensive load holds great potentials to share the burden of wind power fluctuation smoothing. In this paper, a direct control scheme of the energy-intensive load power is proposed to smooth the wind power fluctuation. Based on the characteristic of the energy-intensive load production technology, the feasibility of energy-intensive load control and its influence on the production are discussed. A feedback control is designed to regulate the saturable reactor and transformer tap changer when the power support from the bulk power system is limited. Regulation capacity is analyzed quantitatively based on the energy-intensive load equivalent circuit model. A grid-connected energy-intensive enterprise driven by self-generation wind power plants and thermal power plants is studied as an example case. By the proposed energy-intensive load control scheme, power fluctuation of the wind farms can be smoothed with the minimum control cost. Besides, the regulation requirement of the bulk power system is eased correspondingly so that the utilization capacity of the power system can be improved significantly. Simulation is done on the real-time digital simulator to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Message from the Chairs (2013)

on Services Computing in Santa Clara, California!The Services Computing Conference (SCC) is an established, prestigious forum that encourages exchange of cutting-edge research results across various services computing areas -including computing and information sciences, services engineering, technology for modelling, creating, operating, and managing business services.Each SCC submission went through an extensive evaluation process and was evaluated carefully with some papers receiving as many as five reviews.The accepted papers are organized into sessions with topics ranging from business process modelling and management, to services composition and selection, and to application modelling and management.
Assignment of the gene for cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase ( Sod-1 ) to a region of chromosome 16 and of Hprt to a region of the X chromosome in the mouse (1979)

In the search for homologous chromosome regions in man and mouse, the locus for cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (SOD-1; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) is of particular interest. In man, the SOD-1 gene occupies the same subregion of chromosome 21 that causes Down syndrome when present in triplicate. Although not obviously implicated in the pathogenesis, SOD-1 is considered to be a biochemical marker for this aneuploid condition. Using a set of 29 mouse-Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids, we assign Sod-1 to mouse chromosome 16. Isoelectric focusing permits distinction between mouse and Chinese hamster isozymes, and trypsin/Giemsa banding distinguishes mouse from Chinese hamster chromosomes. The mouse fibroblasts used were derived from a male mouse carrying Searle's T(X;16)16H reciprocal translocation in which chromosomes X and 16 have exchanged parts. Analysis of informative hybrids leads to regional assignment of Sod-1 to the distal half of mouse chromosome 16 (16B4 --> ter). Because the Chinese hamster cell line (380) used for cell hybridization is deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT; IMP: pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase, EC 2.4.2.8), that part of the mouse X chromosome carrying the complementing Hprt gene can be identified by selection in hypoxanthine/aminopterin/thymidine medium and counterselection in 8-azaguanine. Mouse Hprt is on the X(T) translocation product containing the proximal region X cen --> XD.
Electromagnetic inversion using a reduced-order three-dimensional homogeneous model (2004)

Nonlinearized electromagnetic inversion of a three-dimensional homogeneous model of arbitrary but known support is considered. We propose a reduced-order representation of the cost functional based on the shift invariance property of the Arnoldi decomposition. Numerical experiments demonstrate acceleration up to a factor of 100 with respect to the usual repetitive solution of the forward scattering problem. We also discuss the applicability of a homogeneous model for estimating the effective constitutive parameter of an inhomogeneous target.
Ultra Fast Trypsin Digestion of Proteins by High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (2005)

Proteolytic digestion of proteins in seconds under an ultrasonic field provided by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been achieved. Successful in-solution and in-gel tryptic digestion of proteins in 60 s or less was demonstrated by either MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography-electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-ESI-IT-MS/MS). The efficiency of this new procedure for protein digestion compared favorably with those attained using conventional overnight incubation methods. The performance of the method was also demonstrated by the specific identification of three proteins in a whole proteome in less than 1 h. The method greatly reduces the time needed for protein digestion, is of easy implementation, environmental friendly, and economic. Adaptation of this method to on-line procedures and robotic platforms could have promising applications in the proteomics field.
Positron emission tomography imaging of tissue P‐glycoprotein activity during pregnancy in the non‐human primate (2009)

P-gp activity at the blood-brain barrier and the placental barrier in the macaque increased with gestational age. If replicated in humans, the exposure of the fetus and maternal brain to P-gp substrate drugs, and therefore their efficacy and toxicity, will change during pregnancy.
Cell Range Expansion and Time Partitioning for Enhanced Inter-cell Interference Coordination in Heterogeneous Network (2014)

In this paper, we propose a cell selection scheme and interference management scheme in Heterogeneous Network (HetNet). The cell selection scheme is based on the SINR, and the cell expansion range can vary through the offset value. We can manage the interference between the macro cell and Pico cell, using ABS in the time domain. Also, a flexible ABS density is applied, to increase the spectrum efficiency. We show the simulation results of the selection scheme based on SINR with different offset values (6dB, 12dB) and the interference management scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can improve the user spectrum efficiency of the macro cell and Pico cell user. Eventually, the proposed scheme can improve overall user performance.