gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GM604 regulates developmental neurogenesis pathways and the expression of genes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2018)

Our findings support the hypothesis that GM6 acts through developmental-stage pathways to influence neuron survival. Gene expression responses were consistent with neurotrophic effects, ECM modulation, and activation of the Notch and hedgehog neurodevelopmental pathways. This multifaceted mechanism of action is unique among existing ALS drug candidates and may be applicable to multiple neurodegenerative diseases.
Multi-functional nano silver: A novel disruptive and theranostic agent for pathogenic organisms in real-time (2016)

The present study was aimed at evaluating the fluorescence property, sporicidal potency against Bacillus and Clostridium endospores, and surface disinfecting ability of biogenic nano silver. The nano silver was synthesized using an actinobacterial cell-filtrate. The fluorescence property as well as imaging facilitator potency of this nano silver was verified adopting spectrofluorometer along with fluorescent and confocal laser scanning microscope wherein strong emission and bright green fluorescence, respectively, on the entire spore surface was observed. Subsequently, the endospores of B. subtilis, B. cereus, B. amyloliquefaciens, C. perfringens and C. difficile were treated with physical sporicides, chemical sporicides and nano silver, in which the nano silver brought about pronounced inhibition even at a very low concentration. Finally, the environmental surface-sanitizing potency of nano silver was investigated adopting cage co-contamination assay, wherein vital organs of mice exposed to the nano silver-treated cage did not show any signs of pathological lesions, thus signifying the ability of nano silver to completely disinfect the spore or reduce the count required for infection. Taken these observations together, we have shown the multi-functional biological properties of the nano silver, synthesized using an actinobacterial cell-filtrate, which could be of application in advanced diagnostics, biomedical engineering and therapeutics in the near future.
Simplified First-Pass Design of High-Efficiency Class-F−1 Power Amplifiers Based on Second-Harmonic Minima (2019)

This paper investigates the source and implication of efficiency minima that is typically observed during the second-harmonic load-pull of transistor amplifiers. The study starts with the theoretical derivation of time-domain voltage and current waveforms as a function of conduction angle (α) at the second-harmonic efficiency minima, where the output power and drain efficiency (DE) are at minimum. Thereafter, this paper unfolds a systematic re-engineering approach that is developed to recover the performance degradation and to exploit the region of efficiency minima in favor of design and implementation of high-efficiency inverse class-F power amplifiers (PAs). Interestingly, the inferences drawn from the in-depth analysis are shown to provide a simplified first-pass design approach that guarantees inverse class-F PA operation without an a priori knowledge of device parasitic elements. Theoretical postulations and simulation results are experimentally validated using an on-wafer active harmonic load-pull and a prototype design using 1.95-mm NXP gallium nitride die at a frequency of 2.6 GHz. The designed PA delivers an output power of 40 dBm with DE of 76% and gain of 12 dB at 3-dB gain compression. The measurement results confirm the theoretical framework reported in this paper.
The Present and Future of the Sino-South Korean Fisheries Dispute (2012)

The Sino-South Korea fisheries dispute is becoming increasingly intensified in recent years with occasional violent conflicts. The factors leading to this present situation include unsettled maritime delimitation, diminishing fishery resources, difficult relocation of Chinese fishermen, and the Korean coastguard’s rigidity, indifference, and even illegality in law enforcement. In order to solve the Sino-South Korean fisheries dispute, China should make efforts to improve its supporting measures applicable to the fishery industry, promote bilateral cooperation with South Korea, and establish a joint maritime enforcement mechanism.
A numerical study of bulk evaporation and condensation problem (1996)

A numerical model is developed to simulate the dynamic behavior of bulk evaporation and condensation process in an encapsulated container with internal heat generation at micro-gravity level. Thermal performance of a multi-phase system with internal heat generation is investigated. The numerical simulation yields the evolution of the bulk liquid-vapor phase change process. This includes the evolution of the liquid-vapor interface, the formation and development of the liquid film covering the side wall surface, the temperature distribution and the convection flow field. An example of such systems is a phase change nuclear fuel element which was first introduced by Ding and Anghaie with application in high temperature space nuclear power and propulsion systems.
Water Vapor Adsorption/Desorption on Two Fully Characterized Commercial Activated Carbons (2015)

The adsorption/desorption isotherms of water vapor are measured on two commercial activated carbons (ACs) at three temperatures (353, 369, and 386 K) by means of a magnetic suspension balance. These two ACs are fully characterized in terms of textural properties (specific surface area and pore size distribution) and surface active groups concentrations by Boehm titration. The effect of temperature and textural properties of the ACs is analyzed both on the adsorption/desorption hysteresis and on the total adsorptive capacity. The Do and Do model and two modified versions of this latter are compared for the modeling of all the experimental isotherms.
<title>Prototype amorphous silicon array based radiotherapy portal imager</title> (1997)

The trend toward highly conformal radiation fields in the treatment of cancer has increased the need for accurate verification of field placement.Conventionally, the placement has ben verified on a weekly basis using a film radiograph, or more recently electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs). Fluoroscopic EPIDs consisting of a phosphor screen, one or more mirrors, lens, and camera provide reasonable performance but suffer from the poor collection efficiency and bulky nature of their optical components. Large area a-Si:H arrays provide an ideal replacement for the optical subsystem of fluoroscopic EPIDs. The purpose of this work is to (1) characterize the performance and logistics of a prototype a-Si:H array and (2) determine the metal plate/phosphor screen combination which will maximize the system's detective quantum efficiency (DQE) for megavoltage imaging. The prototype imager is based on a 10 X 10 cm<SUP>2</SUP> a-Si:H array consisting of 128 X 128 sensor elements coupled to a Gd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>S:Tb screen and 0.5 mm Al plate. The charge signal collected in each diode is digitized to 16 bits at frame rates of up to 25 frames/sec. Dark current and readout noise were determined under controlled conditions. The optical collection efficiency of the photodiodes and the escape fraction of optical quanta from the screen were estimated from the literature. X-ray quantum absorption efficiency, number of optical quanta from the screen were estimated from the literature. X-ray quantum absorption efficiency, number of optical quanta produced, and the Poisson excess associated with energy absorption and conversion in the plate/screen system were calculated using EGS4 Monte Carlo simulations. Using these results, the imaging system performance is estimated using the approach of Cunningham et al for both a 6 MV x-ray spectrum and a <SUP>60</SUP>Co spectrum. For both the 6 MV and <SUP>60</SUP>Co beams, the predicted system gain was approximately 60 percent of the measured value. For a 6 MV beam, the system DQE (f equals 0) was calculated to be 1.45 percent at clinical doses. Reducing the does had little effect on the DQE (f equals 0), indicating that the dark current and readout noise are not significant factors at f equals 0.
Osteoactivin Mediates the Inhibitory Effects of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (2014)

Abstract Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) play an important role in the regulation of immune responses by suppressing the function of antigen presenting cells (APC) and T cells. However, the origin and development of these cells in humans is not well understood. We observed that incubation of peripheral blood monocytes with IL-10 during their differentiation to dendritic cells (DC) results in the generation of an APC population with dramatically reduced stimulatory capacity and a CD14+ and HLA-DR low phenotype (IL-10-APC) similar to the recently described human MDSC subpopulation. In coincubation experiments we found that the addition of these cells resulted in an inhibition of DC induced T cell proliferation in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. Furthermore, these IL-10-APCs reduced the expression of CD1a and costimulatory molecules on DC as well as their activation by LPS characterized by diminished expression of maturation markers including CD83, CD80, CD86 or CD40. Interestingly, addition of IL-10-APC to mature or immature DC induced an increased expression of osteoactivin and its corresponding receptor syndecan 4 on DC thus demonstrating that osteoactivin mediates its effects by upregulating its own receptor. IL-10-APC almost completely abolished the secretion of cytokines and chemokines by mature and immature DC involved in T cell stimulation and migration such as TNF-a, IL-6, MIP-1a or Rantes. These effects were not due to induction of IL-10 production and were not observed when purified CD14+ monocytes were used as a control in the experiments. In the next set of experiments we isolated MDSC with the CD14+ HLA-DR low cell phenotype from buffy coats of healthy donors. We found, that these cells similar to the IL-10-APCs express high levels of osteoactivin that can be further upregulated by the addition of IL-10. In order to analyze the possible mechanisms and molecules involved in these inhibitory effects we found that IL-10-APC and isolated MDSC expressed higher levels of PD-1, PD-L1, GITR, GITRL and osteoactivin, an immunosuppressive molecule that was shown to inhibit the function of T cells. Inhibition of osteoactivin on MDSC by utilizing blocking antibodies restored the function of DC in co-incubation experiments. Recently, it was shown that ß-glucans can decrease the suppressive function of MDSCs via Dectin-1. In our experiments, activation of MDSC with Dectin-1 ligand curdlan reduced the expression of osteoactivin and PD-L1 thus explaining how ß-glucans reduce the inhibitory effects of MDSC. In contrast, incubation of MDSC with TLR 2,3,4 and 7/8 ligands upregultaed osteoactivin, PD-1 and PD-L1 on the cell surface. Our results demonstrate that osteoactivin is a key molecule that mediates the inhibitory effects of MDSC on DC function. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Multicolor light emitters based on energy exchange between Tb and Eu ions co-doped into ultrasmall β-NaYF4 nanocrystals (2012)

Multicolor emission is reported from ultrasmall (<10 nm) β-NaYF4:Eu,Tb nanocrystals depending on the excitation wavelengths or emission detection delay time. Detailed optical investigations of three samples (NaYF4:Eu, NaYF4:Tb and NaYF4:Eu,Tb) obtained by a co-thermolysis method have been carried out. Photoluminescence, photoluminescence excitation and emission decay time obtained at different excitation wavelengths have been measured. Excitation mechanisms of Eu and Tb ions have been explained based on the experimental results and calculations using Judd–Ofelt theory. It has been shown that efficient energy transfer from Tb to Eu ions accounts for the efficient red emission of NaYF4:Tb,Eu nanocrystals.
Automated exploitation of sky polarization imagery (2018)

We propose an automated method for detecting neutral points in the sunlit sky. Until now, detecting these singularities has been done manually. Results are presented that document the application of this method on a limited number of polarimetric images of the sky captured with a camera and rotating polarizer. The results are significant because a method for automatically detecting the neutral points may aid in the determination of the solar position when the sun is obscured and may have applications in meteorology and pollution detection and characterization.
Surface core levels of In adsorption on Si(001)2×1 (1996)

The noble surface reconstructions of 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2, 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}3, and 4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}3 induced by In adsorption on a Si(001) surface have been studied by high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. The surface core-level shifts of Si 2p were resolved, for the first time, for group-III adsorption on Si(001). It is shown that the Si dimers not bonded to In in the 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}3 phase are buckled and the Si dimers bonded to In are symmetric in both the 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2 and 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}3 phases. In 4d spectra for all the three phases show a single component in agreement with the prevailing structure models of 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}3 and 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2 phases but in contradiction to those of 4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}3. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Enzymatic Pea Protein Hydrolysates Are Active Trypsin and Chymotrypsin Inhibitors (2019)

In this work, we report the potency of enzymatic hydrolysates of pea proteins against trypsin and chymotrypsin. Pea protein concentrate was digested with each of alcalase, chymotrypsin, pepsin, and trypsin, followed by membrane separation of the protein hydrolysates into peptide fractions (<1, 1-3, 3-5, and 5-10 kDa). Peptide size profiling with size-exclusion gel chromatography indicated the narrowest size range (0.85-4.98 kDa) for alcalase. Trypsin activity was strongly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) inhibited by the ultrafiltration fractions (mean IC<sub>50</sub> = 2.2 mg/mL) obtained from the trypsin hydrolysate when compared to the unfractionated hydrolysate (IC<sub>50</sub> = 6.8 mg/mL). Similarly, ultrafiltration also enhanced trypsin inhibition by the alcalase-digested peptides with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 21.4 mg/mL for the unfractionated hydrolysate in comparison to 3.1-4.7 mg/mL for the fractions. However, ultrafiltration did not enhance trypsin inhibitory activity of chymotrypsin-digested peptides, while the peptide separation reduced efficacy of pepsin-digested peptides. In contrast, chymotrypsin inhibition by all the enzymatic digests was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) enhanced by ultrafiltration, especially peptide sizes >3 kDa. Kinetics of enzyme inhibition indicate peptides were bound to the enzyme active site in a competitive mode that led to reduced catalysis. We conclude that the pea peptides could function as useful tools to promote human health and as a preservative during food processing and storage.
Role of endogenous Schwann cells in tissue repair after spinal cord injury. (2013)

Schwann cells are glial cells of peripheral nervous system, responsible for axonal myelination and ensheathing, as well as tissue repair following a peripheral nervous system injury. They are one of several cell types that are widely studied and most commonly used for cell transplantation to treat spinal cord injury, due to their intrinsic characteristics including the ability to secrete a variety of neurotrophic factors. This mini review summarizes the recent findings of endogenous Schwann cells after spinal cord injury and discusses their role in tissue repair and axonal regeneration. After spinal cord injury, numerous endogenous Schwann cells migrate into the lesion site from the nerve roots, involving in the construction of newly formed repaired tissue and axonal myelination. These invading Schwann cells also can move a long distance away from the injury site both rostrally and caudally. In addition, Schwann cells can be induced to migrate by minimal insults (such as scar ablation) within the spinal cord and integrate with astrocytes under certain circumstances. More importantly, the host Schwann cells can be induced to migrate into spinal cord by transplantation of different cell types, such as exogenous Schwann cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, and bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells. Migration of endogenous Schwann cells following spinal cord injury is a common natural phenomenon found both in animal and human, and the myelination by Schwann cells has been examined effective in signal conduction electrophysiologically. Therefore, if the inherent properties of endogenous Schwann cells could be developed and utilized, it would offer a new avenue for the restoration of injured spinal cord.
Modulo scheduling with integrated register spilling for clustered VLIW architectures (2001)

Clustering is a technique to decentralize the design of future wide issue VLIW cores and enable them to meet the technology constraints in terms of cycle time, area and power dissipation. In a clustered design, registers and functional units are grouped in clusters so that new instructions are needed to move data between them. New aggressive instruction scheduling techniques are required to minimize the negative effect of resource clustering and delays in moving data around. In this paper we present a novel software pipelining technique that performs instruction scheduling with reduced register requirements, register allocation, register spilling and inter-cluster communication in a single step. The algorithm uses limited backtracking to reconsider previously taken decisions. This backtracking provides the algorithm with additional possibilities for obtaining high throughput schedules with low spill code requirements for clustered architectures. We show that the proposed approach outperforms previously proposed techniques and that it is very scalable independently of the number of clusters, the number of communication buses and communication latency. The paper also includes an exploration of some parameters in the design of future clustered VLIW cores.
Method for the study of semiconductor device operation using scanning capacitance microscopy (2003)

A new method for studying semiconductor device operation with cross-sectional scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) is described. The technique uses a modified, commercial SCM system to image device cross sections while dc voltages are incrementally applied to bias test structures between nonconducting and conducting states. The novel test structure design and packaging simplify sample preparation while enabling the application of voltages to discrete regions of the semiconductor device. By recording sequential SCM images as a function of bias voltage, the process of switching a device “off” and “on” can be visualized to study carrier movement in the active region of the device. Two sample SCM sequences of metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors, one fabricated on a bulk silicon substrate and the other on a silicon-on-insulator substrate, are presented to show typical carrier movement in these devices.
Visualization of three-dimensional maps (2002)

A three-dimensional map is a partition of a 3D manifold into topological polyhedra. We consider the problem of visualizing the topology of a three-dimensional map given only its combinatorial description. Our solution starts by automatically constructing a "nice" geometric realization of the map in R/sup m/, for some m/spl ges/4. The geometric realization is chosen by optimizing certain aesthetic criteria, measured by energy functions. We then project this model to R/sup 3/, and display the resulting multi-celled solid object with a variety of specialized rendering techniques.
cis- and trans-.beta.-Sesquiphellandrol. Two new sesquiterpene alcohols from oil of ginger (Zingiber officinale) (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTcis- and trans-.beta.-Sesquiphellandrol. Two new sesquiterpene alcohols from oil of ginger (Zingiber officinale)A. Allen. Bednarczyk, William G. Galetto, and Amihud. KramerCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1975, 23, 3, 499–501Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60199a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60199a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A single-chip IPSEC cryptographic processor (2003)

The need for securing the Internet has become a fundamental issue over the last decade and the Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) standard, which incorporates cryptographic algorithms, has been developed as one solution to this problem. Typically, hardware implementations of cryptographic algorithms provide physical security and high speeds. In this paper a novel single-chip hardware IPSec cryptographic design is described, which comprises the Rijndael encryption algorithm and HMAC-SHA-1 authentication algorithm. In particular, the design supports the cryptographic requirements of the IP Authentication Header (AH) and Encapsulation Security Payload (ESP) and any combination of these two protocols. Indeed, it is capable of supporting any application requiring authentication and/or encryption, such as wireless local area networks (WLANs) the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol, virtual private networks (VPNs) and firewalls. The IPSec cryptographic design can provide both the necessary security and performance for phone line modems, T1 wireless and 10 Mbit/s Ethernet networks.
Research on Spectrum Allocation Based on the Network Weights of Internet of Things (2013)

To solve the shortage defects of wireless spectrum source of Internet of things, an idle spectrum resources and immune sorting selection method based on the subjective and objective weight is proposed by using cognitive radio network technology. Firstly, the radio cognitive idle spectrum system is relied on to make the spectrum system modeling of Internet of things for the generation of objective and subjective weight perception, graph coloring of allocation of Internet of things and rectangular arrays; Then, the immune weight solving process is optimized and the weight setting rationality is improved; And idle spectrum performance of the spectrum resources is analyzed again, and it has the stability; Lastly, MATLAB is used to make simulation experiment. The result shows: the algorithm can not only make effective allocation to spectrum resources, greatly improving the spectrum utilization, but also meet radio transmission demand of Internet of things with high network throughput capacity and improve the transmission rate of Internet node with the stability.