gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GNSS signal acquisition in weak signal condition (2014)

In this paper, a new method for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal acquisition in weak signal condition is considered, mainly on bit transition and accumulation over multiple code periods. The impact of bit transition on the acquisition block is analyzed and an algorithm based on the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) operation is proposed to solve the bit transition problem, after which the accumulation scheme is presented based on the proposed algorithm. The simulation results and receiver operative characteristic (ROC) curves are given to verify the bit transition and accumulation methods.
COLABORACION CON NAVARRA. SE SUPERA LA DIVISION ENTRE TEOLOGOS E INVESTIGADORES CIVILES (1996)

SE PRESENTO EN EL INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES HISTORICAS (IIH) LA VERSION PRELIMINAR DEL LIBRO ES LA HISTORIA DE LA IGLESIA, TEXTO PRODUCTO DEL XVI SIMPOSIO INTERNACIONAL DE TEOLOGIA, CELEBRADO EN LA UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA, ESPANA, EN ABRIL DE 1995; RECOGE LA PARTICIPACION DE MAS DE 50 PONENTES Y 300 ESPECIALISTAS PROCEDENTES DE LOS CUATRO CONTINENTES. EL DOCTOR MANUEL RAMOS, DIRECTOR DEL CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS DE HISTORIA DE MEXICO Y ESTUDIOSO DE LAS COMUNICACIONES RELIGIOSAS DEL PAIS, SENALO QUE LA EDICION SE DIVIDE EN LOS MISMOS APARTADOS DEL SIMPOSIO: FUENTES, HISTORIOGRAFIA, EPISTEMOLOGIA Y METODOLOGIA E INTERPRETACION DE LA HISTORIA ECLESIASTICA. LA DOCTORA CARMEN ALEJOS GRAU, CATEDRATICA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA Y ESPECIALISTA EN LA HISTORIA DE LAS IDEAS RELIGIOSAS Y EDUCATIVAS EN LA NUEVA ESPANA DURANTE EL SIGLO XVI, SENALO QUE EN EL TEXTO SE DESTACA LA NECESIDAD DE SUPERAR LA DIVISION EXISTENTE ENTRE TEOLOGOS E INVESTIGADORES CIVILES QUE ESTUDIAN LA HISTORIA DE LA IGLESIA PARA OBTENER UN CONOCIMIENTO MAS REAL Y EXACTO DE LA MISMA.
Scalable Cultivation of Engineered Cyanobacteria for Squalene Production from Industrial Flue Gas in a Closed Photobioreactor (2020)

Economically feasible photosynthetic cultivation of microalgal and cyanobacterial strains is crucial for the biological conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> and potential CO<sub>2</sub> mitigation to challenge global warming. To overcome the economic barriers, the production of value-added chemicals was desired by compensating for the overall processing cost. Here, we engineered cyanobacteria for photosynthetic squalene production and cultivated them in a scalable photobioreactor using industrial flue gas. First, an inducer-free gene expression system was developed for the cyanobacteria to lower production const. Then, the recombinant cyanobacteria were cultivated in a closed photobioreactor (100 L) using flue gas (5% CO<sub>2</sub>) as the sole carbon source under natural sunlight as the only energy source. Seasonal light intensities and temperatures were analyzed along with cyanobacterial cell growth and squalene production in August and October 2019. As a result, the effective irradiation hours were the most critical factor for the large-scale cultivation of cyanobacteria. Thus, an automated photobioprocess system will be developed based on the regional light sources.
Nanoelectromechanical switches based on carbon nanotubes for microwave and millimeter waves (2007)

In this letter the authors analyze two configurations of nanoelectromechanical switches, which are working in the microwave and millimeter wave frequency ranges. Metallic nanotubes vertically or horizontally positioned on a propagating high frequency planar waveguide disable or enable the electromagnetic field propagation, whether they are actuated or not by a dc electric field of a few volts. Although the dimensions of metallic nanotubes are very small in comparison with the planar waveguide dimensions and the operating wavelengths, these switches are very efficient and agile.
Role of nitric oxide synthase-containing vascular nerves in cerebrovasodilation elicited from cerebellum (1993)

We studied whether the increases in cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) elicited by stimulation of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) are attenuated by systemic administration of inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and, if so, whether NOS-containing perivascular nerves arising from the sphenopalatine ganglia (SPG) are the source of NO during FN stimulation. Rats were anesthetized (1-3% halothane) and artificially ventilated. The FN or the pontine reticular formation (PRF) was stimulated electrically through a stereotaxically implanted microelectrode. To eliminate the elevation in arterial pressure (AP) elicited by FN or PRF stimulation the cervical spinal cord was transected and AP was maintained by intravenous phenylephrine. CBF was measured by a laser-Doppler probe placed over the parietal cortex. Systemic administration of the NOS inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 5-40 mg/kg) reduced resting CBF, an effect that was maximal at 10 mg/kg (-30 +/- 4%; n = 6; P < 0.003, analysis of variance). L-NAME, but not its inactive isomer D-NAME, attenuated the increases in CBF elicited by FN stimulation or hypercapnia in a dose-dependent fashion (10-40 mg/kg). At 40 mg/kg, the response to FN stimulation was reduced by 80 +/- 6% (n = 6; P < 0.05) and that to hypercapnia was reduced by 70 +/- 9% (P < 0.05). In contrast, the increases in CBF elicited by PRF stimulation were not affected (10-40 mg/kg; P > 0.05; n = 6).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Generalized prism dispersion theory (1983)

The case of dispersion in multiple-prism arrays is considered. A general expression is derived, using geometrical optics, for the dispersion of multiple-prism assemblies arranged either in the additive or the compensating-pair configurations.
Pathogenicity for chickens of avian influenza viruses isolated from whistling swans and a black-tailed gull in Japan. (1982)

We isolated 24 Hav1 Neq1 and 18 Hav6 Nav3 influenza viruses from such free-living wild waterfowl as whistling swans, black-tailed gulls, and tufted ducks in western Japan in 1980. Two Hav1 Neq1 viruses isolated from a whistling swan and a black-tailed gull and a Hav6 Nav3 virus from a whistling swan were examined for their pathogenicity for chickens. Five-week-old specific-pathogen-free chickens were inoculated with the viruses intratracheally or intraperitoneally. Virus was recovered successfully from all the organs, including the brain, despite the absence of signs of disease. The intracerebral pathogenicity index scores obtained for the Hav1 Neq1 viruses were 0.43 and 0.87; the score for the Hav6 Nav3 virus was 0.43. No virus produced plaques in cultivated chick embryo fibroblast cells in the absence of trypsin.
Role of Distinct NMDA Receptor Subtypes at Central Synapses (2004)

Most excitatory synapses in the brain use the neurotransmitter glutamate to carry impulses between neurons. During fast transmission, glutamate usually activates a mixture of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors in the postsynaptic cell. Experimental scrutiny of NMDARs provides insight into their involvement in excitatory synaptic transmission and related processes such as as synaptic plasticity, neural development, and pain perception. There is increasing awareness that subtle variation in NMDAR properties is imparted by specific receptor subunits, and recent studies have started to provide perspective into some of the discrete tasks carried out by individual receptor subtypes.
Effect of Autophagy Inhibitors on Radiosensitivity in DNA Repair-Proficient and -Deficient Glioma Cells (2022)

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: The development of radioresistance is a fundamental barrier to successful glioblastoma therapy. Autophagy is thought to play a role in facilitating the DNA repair of DNA damage foci in radiation-exposed tumor cells, thus, potentially contributing to their restoration of proliferative capacity and development of resistance in vitro. However, the effect of autophagy inhibitors on DNA damage repair is not fully clear and requires further investigation. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: In this work, we utilized M059K (DNA-PKcs proficient) and M059J (DNA-PKcs deficient) glioma cell lines to investigate the role of autophagy inhibitors in the DNA repair of radiation-induced DNA damage. Cell viability following radiation was determined by trypan blue exclusion in both cell lines. Cell death and autophagy assays were performed to evaluate radiation-induced cell stress responses. DNA damage was measured as based on the intensity of phosphorylated γ-H2AX, a DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) marker, in the presence or absence of autophagy inhibitors. <i>Results</i>: The cell viability assay showed that M059J cells were more sensitive to the same dose of radiation (4 Gy) than M059K cells. This observation was accompanied by an elevation in γ-H2AX formation in M059J but not in M059K cells. In addition, the DAPI/TUNEL and Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining assays did not reveal significant differences in apoptosis and/or senescence induction in response to radiation, respectively, in either cell line. However, acridine orange staining demonstrated clear promotion of acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) in both cell lines in response to 4 Gy radiation. Moreover, DNA damage marker levels were found to be elevated 72 h post-radiation when autophagy was inhibited by the lysosomotropic agent bafilomycin A1 (BafA1) or the PI3K inhibitor 3-methyl adenine (3-MA) in M059K cells. <i>Conclusions</i>: The extent of the DNA damage response remained high in the DNA-PKcs deficient cells following exposure to radiation, indicating their inability to repair the newly formed DNA-DSBs. On the other hand, radioresistant M059K cells showed more DNA damage response only when autophagy inhibitors were used with radiation, suggesting that the combination of autophagy inhibitors with radiation may interfere with DNA repair efficiency.
Sugar Specificity of Human .beta.-Cell Glucokinase: Correlation of Molecular Models with Kinetic Measurements (1995)

Human beta-cell glucokinase recognition and phosphorylation of different sugars was investigated by steady-state kinetic analysis, measurements of substrate-induced intrinsic fluorescence changes, and molecular modeling and calculation of interaction energies. Measurements of kcat/Km showed that glucokinase phosphorylated the sugars in the order glucose = mannose > deoxyglucose > fructose = glucosamine. The mode of binding of these sugars to the open conformation of glucokinase was predicted from molecular modeling. Glucokinase is predicted to form similar interactions with the 6-OH, 4-OH, and 1-OH groups of all these sugars. The interactions of the 2-OH and 3-OH groups differ and depend on the type of sugar and reflect differences in cooperative behavior. For example, glucose and deoxyglucose exhibited cooperative behavior with Hill coefficients of 1.8 and 1.5, respectively, while mannose and fructose demonstrated Michaelis-Menten behavior. Galactose, allose, and 2,5-anhydroglucitol were not substrates under the assay conditions used, and the alpha- and beta-anomers of methylglucose were poor substrates with Km's greater than 1000 mM. Glucokinase exhibited an ATPase activity which was 1/2000th that of the rate of the kinase reaction, and unlike yeast hexokinase, it was not affected by the addition of lyxose. Glucosamine was a low affinity inhibitor as well as a substrate, while N-acetylglucosamine and mannoheptulose were high-affinity inhibitors. The change in intrinsic fluorescence that was induced by glucose, mannose, and mannoheptulose had the opposite sign for glucosamine, which implies a very different mode of binding from the other sugars. The calculated interaction energies of glucokinase with glucose, mannose, deoxyglucose, and fructose agree very well with the measured values of kcat/Km, which indicates that these sugars are recognized by binding to the open conformation of glucokinase.
High Pressure Studies of the Metal-Insulator Transition in Pure NiS2 (2009)

A general analytic expression is derived, which describes the dispersion properties of a four-layer thin-film optical waveguide. The formula describes the variation of the effective refractive index with respect to any physical parameter with which the refractive index of any layer or the thickness of the guiding layers may vary. Normalized parameters are used, and curves are presented which describe the contributions of the individual layers and waveguide geometry to the total dispersion. Uses of the formula are illustrated for the cases of temperature and wavelength dispersions. Results show that considerable control of the effective index of refraction is possible. Application to the control of chromatic dispersion in a thin-film Luneburg lens is also demonstrated.
Capillary electrophoresis/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: improvement of protein detection limits using on-column transient isotachophoretic sample preconcentration (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCapillary electrophoresis/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: improvement of protein detection limits using on-column transient isotachophoretic sample preconcentrationToni J. Thompson, Frantisek. Foret, Paul. Vouros, and Barry L. KargerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 7, 900–906Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00055a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00055a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views435Altmetric-Citations148LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Validation of a Simple Stool Diary Used by Caregivers to Document Diarrhea Among Young Children in a Low‐Income Country (2016)

The diary showed high validity, good reliability, and high sensitivity. After 3 days of training, caregivers with mainly no or limited education could report stool consistency with good reliability. Stool consistency, which correlated strongly with dehydration, may be considered an important marker of diarrhea severity in future research.
An adaptive staggered grid finite difference method for modeling geodynamic Stokes flows with strongly variable viscosity (2013)

Here we describe a new staggered grid formulation for discretizing incompressible Stokes flow which has been specifically designed for use on adaptive quadtree‐type meshes. The key to our new adaptive staggered grid (ASG) stencil is in the form of the stress‐conservative finite difference constraints which are enforced at the “hanging” velocity nodes between resolution transitions within the mesh. The new ASG discretization maintains a compact stencil, thus preserving the sparsity within the matrix which both minimizes the computational cost and enables the discrete system to be efficiently solved via sparse direct factorizations or iterative methods. We demonstrate numerically that the ASG stencil (1) is stable and does not produce spurious pressure oscillations across regions of grid refinement, which intersect discontinuous viscosity structures, and (2) possesses the same order of accuracy as the classical nonadaptive staggered grid discretization. Several pragmatic error indicators that are used to drive adaptivity are introduced in order to demonstrate the superior performance of the ASG stencil over traditional nonadaptive grid approaches. Furthermore, to demonstrate the potential of this new methodology, we present geodynamic examples of both lithospheric and planetary scales models.
Sensitive detection of viable circulating tumor cells using a novel conditionally telomerase-selective replicating adenovirus in non-small cell lung cancer patients (2017)

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have a crucial role in the clinical outcome of cancer patients. Detection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using an antibody against epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) in captured CTCs has low sensitivity; the loss of epithelial markers leads to underestimation of CTCs with mesenchymal phenotype. We propose a new approach for detection of viable CTCs, including those with epithelial-mesenchymal transition status (EMT-CTCs), using the new telomerase-specific replication-selective adenovirus (OBP-1101), TelomeScan F35. Peripheral venous blood samples and clinicopathological data were collected from 123 NSCLC patients. The sensitivity of CTC detection was 69.1%, and for patients with stage I, II, III and IV, it was 59.6%, 40.0%, 85.7%, and 75.0%, respectively. Among the EMT-CTC samples, 46% were vimentin positive and 39.0% of non-EMT-CTC samples were EpCAM positive. Patients testing positive for EMT-CTCs at baseline had poor response to chemotherapy (P = 0.025) and decreased progression-free survival (EMT-CTC positive vs. negative: 193 ± 47 days vs. 388 ± 47. days, P = 0.040) in comparison to those testing negative. TelomeScan F35 is a highly sensitive CTC detection system and will be a useful screening tool for early diagnosis of NSCLC patients. Mesenchymal-phenotype CTCs are crucial indicators of chemotherapeutic efficacy in NSCLC patients.
Waves and Ocean Structures (2021)

This Special Issue concentrates on the problems of interactions between water waves and ocean structures [...]
Carbon monoxide hydrogenation over cobalt catalyst in a tube‐wall reactor: Part 1. Experimental studies (1992)

Abstract Effects of temperature (250−275°C), pressure (0.1‐1.03 MPa) and feed gas exposure velocity (139‐722 μm/s) were studied on carbon monoxide hydrogenation in a tube‐wall reactor using plasma‐sprayed cobalt catalyst. The specific catalytic activity and hydrocarbon selectivity increased with an increase in pressure and temperature and a decrease in the exposure velocity. The results showed that the formation of olefins especially ethylene and propylene was favored at low pressures, low temperatures and high exposure velocities. This catalyst was found to be selective for C 5 + hydrocarbons (27‐34 wt.%) at increased pressures (0.69‐1.03 MPa).
Improved Diazotization‐coupling Technique for Analysis of Methyl Anthranilate in Grape Products (1990)

ABSTRACT Methyl anthranilate was determined in grape products by diazotizing with 1M HC1 and 1% sodium nitrite and coupling the diazonium salt with N‐1‐naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride in situ. The chromophore which formed had an extinction coefficient of 42,000 mole −1 L cm −1 and color formation correlated with concentration in accordance with Beer's Law up to about 100 μg methyl anthranilate. Grape essence samples with 3 to 124 μg mL −1 methyl anthranilate were used to evaluate the method against a gas chromatographic technique. The correlation coefficient was &gt;0.99 between the two methods. Compared with existing methods, this new method has the advantage of not requiring stringent reaction times or conditions.
The London Business School with Gower Publishing (1989)

With the benefit of hindsight, we can see that the course of the world economy in 1988 was a product not so much of the stock market crash of October 1987 but of the reaction to the crash. Monetary policy and to a lesser extent fiscal policy were eased and consumer spending responded to cuts in interest rates and rising real incomes. With the world recovery in its sixth year, capacity pressures began to emerge and investment also boomed, helped by a lower cost of capital. As a result of this strong private sector demand, OECD output increased 4 per cent in 1988 as a whole and industrial production and world trade rose even more rapidly. Against the background of buoyant demand and output, inflationary fears have resurfaced. Since the spring monetary authorities in most countries have been tightening policy, raising interest rates by early 1989 above the levels which helped bring about the stock market crash. Their aim is to effect a slowdown in demand before a significant upward movement in inflation and inflationary expectations takes hold. In our judgement the present policy stance will achieve its aim of a “soft landing” for the world economy. The pick‐up in world inflation is contained below 5 per cent and by the second half of this year inflation eases, paving the way for a relaxation of monetary policy. Output growth slows from 4 per cent to 3 percent in 1989 and 2 per cent in 1990, picking up again as interest rates are lowered in 1991–2.
Discrimination of parasitic bipolar operating modes in ICs with emission microscopy (2002)

The characterization of bipolar device operation modes by emission microscopy is discussed. In order to separate different radiation mechanisms, diode and parasitic bipolar n-MOS transistor test structures have been investigated at different temperatures and operating modes. Since it is extremely sensitive to the high energy branch of the radiation, the S25 photocathode of an image intensifier enables a distinction to be made, by means of temperature variation between forward and reverse operation, diffusion, and field current. This measuring technique allows latch-up to be identified as a diffusion-controlled phenomenon.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
In-hospital delays in treating patients with acute ischemic stroke (2020)

要旨：【目的】院内発症脳梗塞の診断・治療開始の遅延因子を明らかにする．【対象と方法】院内発症脳梗塞89例（平均年齢 73.6±9.0歳）を，最終未発症から専門医の診療開始までが3時間未満の早期群とそれ以降の遅延群に分け，遅延群に関連する因子を多変量解析により検討した．【結果】早期群は37例で，その62.2％はiv-tPA禁忌に該当した．早期群は心房細動を有する者が多く（17例， 45.9％），第一発見者の78.4％が看護師であった．遅延群では画像撮影までの時間が長かったが，早期群においても平均53.6±31.2分を要した．多変量解析の結果，第一発見者が医師である場合は有意な遅延因子（OR=8.572）で，心房細動の存在は有意な遅延回避因子（OR=0.140）であった．【結論】遅延因子として，発見場所，第一発見者の職種，依頼科医師の対応の3点が重要と思われ，これらに注目した院内トリアージの構築，医療従事者への啓発・教育が重要と考えられた．