gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On-line Voltage Stability Assessment of Power System — An Approach of Black-box Modelling (2001)

The management of power systems has become more difficult than earlier because power systems are operated closer to security limits, environmental constraints restrict the expansion of transmission network, the need for long distance power transfers has increased and fewer operators are engaged in the supervision and operation of power systems. Voltage instability has become a major concern in many power systems and many blackouts have been reported, where the reason has been voltage instability. \n\n\nOn-line voltage stability assessment is commonly based on a black-box modelling. Traditionally the model has been a two dimensional security boundary, which is based on tabulation of data. The idea of the model based approach presented in this study is to generalise the security boundary method and to take into account the uncertainty related to power system operation. The term model-based approach means in this thesis an approach which is based on black box models. The model based approach does not replace traditional analysis methods, rather these methods are urgently needed at the off line computation step of the approach. The computation of the voltage stability margin is time-consuming and that is why these methods cannot be used in on-line applications. \n\n\nThe objective of the study was to develop a method to be applicable in practice for on-line voltage stability assessment of long-term large-disturbance voltage stability based on black-box model. The basis of the approach is appropriate modelling of power system voltage stability and computation of the most critical voltage stability margins. A large number of power system operation points and the most critical voltage stability margins are computed to create the model. An essential part of model creation is the selection and extraction of model inputs, on which the accuracy of the model is mainly based.\n\n\nThis thesis evinces new ideas for on-line voltage stability assessment of black-box model. The requirements and the proposed solution of all steps are presented to provide a step by step procedure for the use. The thesis describes first time an application of linear regression models to voltage stability margin approximation. The contributions of the thesis also include the improvement of maximum loading point algorithm, development of new voltage stability contingency ranking methods, and application of data analysis methods to voltage stability studies. The main results obtained in this thesis are an algorithm to compute the most critical voltage stability margin, a method to create a black-box modelling approach for on-line voltage stability assessment, and a method to approximate the most critical voltage stability margin accurately.
Reduction of threshold current density of 2.2μm GaInAsSb/AlGaAsSb injection lasers (1986)

GaInAsSb/AlGaAsSb injection lasers have been fabricated with increased Al concentration in the cladding layers. As a result of improved optical and electrical confinement, the threshold current density Jth for these double heterostructures was a factor of two lower than reported previously; CW operation was achieved up to 235 K.
The data management problem in post-pc devices and a solution (2000)

The demand for network-enabled limited-footprint mobile devices is increasing rapidly. A central challenge that must be addressed in order to use these next-generation devices effectively is efficient data management --- persistent data manipulated or required by applications executing on these computationally and communicationally impoverished devices must be consistently managed and made highly available. This data management has traditionally been the responsibility of the OS on which applications execute. In this paper, we extend this conventional OS functionality to include post-pc devices. We propose a novel programmatic solution to the problem of maintaining high data availability while attaining eventual consistency [16] in the presence of mobility and disconnected operations, device and network failures, and limited device capabilities. We achieve this by using a combination of a novel proxy architecture, a split request-reply queue based on soft-state principles, and a two-tier update/commit protocol. We also exploit strong object typing to provide application-specific conflict handling in order to attain faster eventual consistency, as well as greater probability of automatic reconciliation.
From chip to cooling tower data center modeling: Part I Influence of server inlet temperature and temperature rise across cabinet (2010)

To achieve reductions in the power consumption of the data center cooling infrastructure, the current strategy in data center design is to increase the inlet temperature to the rack, while the current strategy for energy-efficient system thermal design is to allow increased temperature rise across the rack. Either strategy, or a combination of both, intuitively provides enhancements in the coefficient of performance (COP) of the data center in terms of computing energy usage relative to cooling energy consumption. However, this strategy is currently more of an empirically based approach from practical experience, rather than a result of a good understanding of how the impact of varying temperatures and flow rates at rack level influences each component in the chain from the chip level to the cooling tower. The aim of this paper is to provide a model to represent the physics of this strategy by developing a modeling tool that represents the heat flow from the rack level to the cooling tower for an air cooled data center with chillers. This model presents the performance of a complete data center cooling system infrastructure. After detailing the model, two parametric studies are presented that illustrate the influence of increasing rack inlet air temperature, and temperature rise across the rack, on different components in the data center cooling architecture. By considering the total data center, and each component's influence on the greater infrastructure, it is possible to identify the components that contribute most to the resulting inefficiencies in the heat flow from chip to cooling tower and thereby identify the components in need of possible redesign. For the data center model considered here it is shown that the strategy of increasing temperature rise across the rack may be a better strategy than increasing inlet temperature to the rack. Part II of this work expands on this paper with further parametric studies to evaluate the robustness of this data center cooling strategy, with conditions for optimal strategy deployment.
Active Documents with Org-Mode (2011)

The paper discusses Org-mode. It is a simple, plain-text markup language for hierarchical documents that allows the intermingling of data, code, and prose.
A Composite Micromechanical Model for Connective Tissues: Part II—Application to Rat Tail Tendon and Joint Capsule (1992)

A micromechanical model of fibrous soft tissue has been developed which predicts upper and lower bounds on mechanical properties based on the structure and properties of tissue components by Ault and Hoffman [3, 4]. In this paper, two types of biological tissue are modeled and the results compared to experimental test data. The highly organized structure of rat tail tendon is modeled using the upper bound aggregation rule which predicts uniform strain behavior in the composite material. This model fits the experimental data and results in a correlation coefficient of 0.98. Applied to cat knee joint capsule, the lower bound aggregation rule of the model correlates with the data and predicts uniform stress within this more loosely organized tissue structure. These studies show that the nature of the interactions between the components in tissue differs depending upon its structure and that the biomechanical model is capable of analyzing such differences in structure.
3D dosimetry by optical-CT scanning (2006)

The need for an accurate, practical, low-cost 3D dosimetry system is becoming ever more critical as modern dose delivery techniques increase in complexity and sophistication. A recent report from the Radiological Physics Center (RPC) (1), revealed that 38% of institutions failed the head-and-neck IMRT phantom credentialing test at the first attempt. This was despite generous passing criteria (within 7% dose-difference or 4mm distance-to-agreement) evaluated at a half-dozen points and a single axial plane. The question that arises from this disturbing finding is - what percentage of institutions would have failed if a comprehensive 3D measurement had been feasible, rather than measurements restricted to the central film-plane and TLD points? This question can only be adequately answered by a comprehensive 3D-dosimetry system, which presents a compelling argument for its development as a clinically viable low cost dosimetry solution. Optical-CT dosimetry is perhaps the closest system to providing such a comprehensive solution. In this article, we review the origins and recent developments of optical-CT dosimetry systems. The principle focus is on first generation systems known to have highest accuracy but longer scan times.
Project Management and Trainer Education Deliverable: Management Report, Attendees and Training Contents, Training Evaluation (2002)

EuNICE-Test, IST-2000-30163
A randomized study comparing standard versus moderately high dose megestrol acetate for patients with advanced prostate carcinoma (2000)

MA has limited activity in hormone-refractory prostate carcinoma, and there is no apparent dose-response correlation.
Offline SLA-Constrained Deep Learning for 5G Networks Reliable and Dynamic End-to-End Slicing (2019)

In this paper, we address the issue of resource provisioning as an enabler for end-to-end dynamic slicing in software defined networking/network function virtualization (SDN/NFV)-based fifth generation (5G) networks. The different slices’ tenants (i.e. logical operators) are dynamically allocated isolated portions of physical resource blocks (PRBs), baseband processing resources, backhaul capacity as well as data forwarding elements (DFE) and SDN controller connections. By invoking massive key performance indicators (KPIs) datasets stemming from a live cellular network endowed with traffic probes, we first introduce a low-complexity slices’ traffics predictor based on a soft gated recurrent unit (GRU). We then build—at each virtual network function—joint multi-slice deep neural networks (DNNs) and train them to estimate the required resources based on the traffic per slice, while not violating two service level agreement (SLA), namely, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">violation rate</i> -based SLA and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">resource bounds</i> -based SLA. This is achieved by integrating dataset-dependent generalized non-convex constraints into the DNN offline optimization tasks that are solved via a non-zero sum two-player game strategy. In this respect, we highlight the role of the underlying hyperparameters in the trade-off between overprovisioning and slices’ isolation. Finally, using reliability theory, we provide a closed-form analysis for the lower bound of the so-called <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">reliable convergence probability</i> and showcase the effect of the violation rate on it.
MRI for Evaluation of Myeloid Sarcoma in Adults: A Single-Institution 10-Year Experience (2012)

In our experience, MRI was most often used for evaluation of bone, muscle, the CNS, and the head and neck region. MRI is useful for evaluation of new musculoskeletal and CNS findings and for further evaluation of known abdominopelvic masses. Incidental findings are often musculoskeletal or in the soft tissues of the head and neck.
Guidance For Determining Subject Matter Eligibility Of Claims Reciting Or Involving Laws of Nature, Natural Phenomena, & Natural Products (2014)

(28 March 2014) The Guidance For Determining Subject Matter Eligibility Of Claims Reciting Or Involving Laws of Nature, Natural Phenomena, & Natural Products (Guidance) implements a new procedure to address changes in the law relating to subject matter eligibility.
Mixin-based inheritance (1990)

The diverse inheritance mechanisms provided by Smalltalk, Beta, and CLOS are interpreted as different uses of a single underlying construct. Smalltalk and Beta differ primarily in the direction of class hierarchy growth. These inheritance mechanisms are subsumed in a new inheritance model based on composition of mixins, or abstract subclasses. This form of inheritance can also encode a CLOS multiple-inheritance hierarchy, although changes to the encoded hierarchy that would violate encapsulation are difficult. Practical application of mixin-based inheritance is illustrated in a sketch of an extension to Modula-3.
Information incorporation in online in-Game sports betting markets (2003)

We analyze data from 52 online in-game sports betting markets (where betting is allowed continuously throughout a game), including 34 markets based on soccer (European football) games from the 2002 World Cup, and 18 basketball games from the 2002 USA National Basketball Association (NBA) championship.We show that prices on average approach the correct outcome over time, and the price dynamics in the markets are closely coupled with game events, agreeing with efficient market assumptions.We also examine qualitative distinctions between the two types of games.
An SDN energy saving method based on topology switch and rerouting (2018)

The construction of energy-efficient network and achievement of green communication have garnered great attention as a promising way to reduce network operating costs and greenhouse gas emissions. Link sleeping and rate adaptation are proposed to reduce energy consumption when the traffic demands are at low levels. It has been observed that many networks (include ISP backbone network) exhibit regular diurnal traffic patterns, which offers the opportunity to apply link sleeping for energy saving. In this paper, we propose an online scheme called Multiple Topology Switching with Data Plane Forwarding Path Rerouting (MTSDPFPR) for energy saving. Based on the dynamic network traffic demands, MTSDPFPR switches the links to sleep mode to save energy. Then we use the GEANT network and the real traffic matrix to evaluate proposed scheme. The results show that up to 30% energy savings can be achieved.
Soluble Markers of Inflammation and Coagulation but Not T-Cell Activation Predict Non–AIDS-Defining Morbid Events During Suppressive Antiretroviral Treatment (2014)

Interventional trials to decrease the incidence of non-AIDS-defining events among HIV-infected persons with virological suppression should consider targeting the pathways represented by these soluble markers. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00001137.
High Expression of KIF20A Is Associated with Poor Overall Survival and Tumor Progression in Early-Stage Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2016)

Our results illustrate that elevated KIF20A expression correlates with HPV infection, clinical stage, tumor recurrence, lymphovascular space involvement, pelvic lymph node metastasis, and poor outcome in early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients. KIF20A aberrant expression is a novel independent unfavorable prognostic factor and may present a potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
Towards better scanning near‐field optical microscopy probes — progress and new developments (1999)

Several approaches are described with the aim of producing near-field optical probes with improved properties. Focused ion beam milling allows the fabrication of small apertures in a controlled fashion, resulting in probes with excellent polarization properties and increased transmission. Microfabrication processes are described that allow the production of apertures of 30-50 nm, facilitating the mass-fabrication of apertured tip structures that can be used in a combined force/near-field optical microscope. Finally, possible future developments are outlined.
Monte Carlo simulation of association of diphilic chains near the solvent critical region (1999)

By means of computer simulation the association process of diphilic chains with strongly attractive head links (stickers) in the vicinity of critical point of the solvent is studied. The calculations were carried out by means of Monte-Carlo simulation with bond-fluctuation model of polymer developed by us for the case of hexagonal-like lattice. It was found that the critical concentration of micelle formation and average aggregation number depend crucially not only on the attraction between stickers but on the quality and state of solvent.
Synthesis and evaluation of novel bioactive composite starch/bioactive glass microparticles (2004)

The aim of the development of composite materials is to combine the most desired properties of two or more materials. In this work, the biodegradable character, good controlled-release properties, and natural origin of starch-based biomaterials are combined with the bioactive and bone-bonding properties of bioactive glass (BG). Novel, bioactive composite starch-BG microparticles were synthesized starting from a blend of starch and polylactic acid (50%/50% wt) with BG 45S5 powder using a simple emulsion method. Morphological and chemical characterization showed that these particles exhibited a spherical morphology with sizes up to 350 microm and that BG 45S5 was incorporated successfully into the composite particles. Upon immersion in a solution simulating body fluids, for periods up to 3 weeks, their bioactive nature was confirmed, as a calcium-phosphate layer resembling biological apatite was formed onto their surface. The short-term cytotoxicity of these materials was also tested by placing 24-h leachables of the materials extracted in culture medium in contact with a fibroblastic cell line (L929) up to 72 h. At this time period, two biochemical tests--MTT and total protein quantification--were performed. The results showed that these materials are not cytotoxic. These results constitute the basis of future encapsulation studies using bone-acting therapeutic agents such as bone morphogenetic proteins or other bone-relevant factors. The particles developed here may be very useful for applications in which controlled release, degradability, and bone-bonding ability are the main requirements.
The Conceptual Design Method for a Pumping Unit Based on QFD and TRIZ (2005)

优秀功能推广(QFD ) 是一个优秀系统，那能帮助设计满足顾客的需要的新奇产品。有创造力的解决问题(TRIZ ) 的理论是在帮助解决在设计过程遇到的困难的技术问题的一个很强大的工具。介绍 QFD 和 TRIZ 进抽的单位的概念的设计联合这二个理论的优点，不同用户的因此相遇的不同要求。它能告诉我们“什么我们应该做它”与 QFD 并且“怎么我们应该做它”与 TRIZ。概念的设计方法，基于 QFD 和 TRIZ，被介绍并且过去常分析并且评估抽的概念的设计工程联合起来。
Resolution des equations d'euler pour des ecoulements non-lineaires en presence d'une interface (1998)

Parents of children undergoing ear, nose, and throat surgery recall far less than 100% of counseled risks. The use of detailed surgical risk counseling improves measured parental understanding of surgical risk. Parental educational level and maternal vs paternal parent may affect risk counseling recall.
Peptide Aggregation in Neurodegenerative Disease (2002)

In the not-so-distant past, insoluble aggregated protein was considered as uninteresting and bothersome as yesterday's trash. More recently, protein aggregates have enjoyed considerable scientific interest, as it has become clear that these aggregates play key roles in many diseases. In this review, we focus attention on three polypeptides: beta-amyloid, prion, and huntingtin, which are linked to three feared neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer's, "mad cow," and Huntington's disease, respectively. These proteins lack any significant primary sequence homology, yet their aggregates possess very similar features, specifically, high beta-sheet content, fibrillar morphology, relative insolubility, and protease resistance. Because the aggregates are noncrystalline, secrets of their structure at nanometer resolution are only slowly yielding to X-ray diffraction, solid-state NMR, and other techniques. Besides structure, the aggregates may possess similar pathways of assembly. Two alternative assembly pathways have been proposed: the nucleation-elongation and the template-assisted mode. These two modes may be complementary, not mutually exclusive. Strategies for interfering with aggregation, which may provide novel therapeutic approaches, are under development. The structural similarities between protein aggregates of dissimilar origin suggest that therapeutic strategies successful against one disease may have broad utility in others.
Pulsed Power Active Interrogation of Shielded Fissionable Material (2015)

We irradiated a depleted uranium ( <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">238</sup> U) target with intense, single 50 ns pulses of bremsstrahlung to study the behavior of <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> He, BF3, NaI(Tl), and liquid scintillation detectors in a harsh radiological environment. The target was exposed unshielded, and shielded with borated high-density polyethylene, or steel, and delayed γ-ray and neutron signatures were measured. We found that a high confidence measurement of the delayed emission could be obtained in this environment and show the results from each detector array, for varying amounts of shielding, in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio vs. time and the relationship between the mean of the signal-to-noise ratio vs. areal mass density.
INTRA-NEST TRANSMISSION OF AROMATIC HONEY BEE QUEEN MANDIBULAR GLAND PHEROMONE COMPONENTS: MOVEMENT AS A UNIT (1992)

Abstract The intra-nest transmission of two aromatic components of honey bee queen mandibular gland pheromone, 4-hydroxy-3-hydroxyphenylethanol (HVA) and methyl p -hydroxybenzoate (HOB), is quantitatively described. After being secreted onto the body surface of the queen, the greatest quantities of HVA and HOB are removed by workers in the queen’s retinue, especially those contacting the queen with their mouthparts. Other workers acquire pheromone components via direct contact with retinue bees or with other workers that have already acquired queen pheromone. HVA and HOB can also reach workers through queen or worker "footprints," although the relatively little material deposited onto the comb wax becomes less available with time, presumably because of diffusion into the wax. Pheromone material is removed from circulation by being internalized into workers, the queen, and the wax. Rates of HVA and HOB transfer between different entities within the nest are described in terms of pseudo first-order rate constants. The intra-nest transfer of these two components, both qualitatively and quantitatively, is similar to that described earlier for the most abundant queen mandibular gland pheromone component, 9-keto-2-( E )-decenoic acid (9-ODA; Naumann et al. 1991). Thus, the queen mandibular gland pheromone complex is transferred through the nest as a unit rather than as individual components moving at different rates.