gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implantable Three-Dimensional Salivary Spheroid Assemblies Demonstrate Fluid and Protein Secretory Responses to Neurotransmitters (2013)

Radiation treatment in patients with head and neck tumors commonly results in hyposalivation and xerostomia due to the loss of fluid-secreting salivary acinar cells. Patients develop susceptibility to oral infections, dental caries, impaired speech and swallowing, reducing the quality of life. Clinical management is largely unsatisfactory. The development of a tissue-engineered, implantable salivary gland will greatly benefit patients suffering from xerostomia. This report compares the ability of a 2.5-dimensional (2.5D) and a three-dimensional (3D) hyaluronic acid (HA)-based culture system to support functional salivary units capable of producing fluid and phenotypic proteins. Parotid cells seeded on 2.5D, as well as those encapsulated in 3D HA hydrogels, self-assembled into acini-like structures and expressed functional neurotransmitter receptors. Structures in 3D hydrogels merged to form organized 50 μm spheroids that could be maintained in culture for over 100 days and merged to form structures over 500 μm in size. Treatment of acini-like structures with the β-adrenergic agonists norepinephrine or isoproterenol increased granule production and α-amylase staining in treated structures, demonstrating regain of protein secretion. Upon treatment with the M3 muscarinic agonist acetylcholine, acini-like structures activated the fluid production pathway by increasing intracellular calcium levels. The increase in intracellular calcium seen in structures in the 3D hydrogel culture system was more robust and prolonged than that in 2.5D. To compare the long-term survival and retention of acini-like structures in vivo, cell-seeded 2.5D and 3D hydrogels were implanted into an athymic rat model. Cells in 2.5D failed to maintain organized acini-like structures and dispersed in the surrounding tissue. Encapsulated cells in 3D retained their spheroid structure and structural integrity, along with the salivary biomarkers and maintained viability for over 3 weeks in vivo. This report identifies a novel hydrogel culture system capable of creating and maintaining functional 3D salivary spheroid structures for long periods in vitro that regain both fluid and protein secreting functions and are suitable for tissue restoration.
Dynamic Fracture Network Evolution: Monitoring and Characterizing Using a Geomechanically Constrained Time-Lapsed Windowed Microseismic Imaging (2022)

ABSTRACT: To create an efficient subsurface heat exchanger in an Enhanced geothermal System (EGS), it is essential to have a thorough understanding of the subsurface characteristics along with an effective real-time system to monitor and map the changes in induced and natural fractures during stimulation and production. The ability to monitor the variation in fracture network characteristics is necessary to evaluate reservoir performance over time. These continuous assessments provide valuable information and an opportunity to optimize stimulation schemes for maximum heat production. We developed a methodology for analysis of microseismic data through a novel "Time-Lapsed Microseismic" (TLM) technique combined with a Moment Tensor Inversion (MTI) method, to detect, locate and geomechanically characterize microseismic events in different time windows for monitoring the changes in the fracture network’s geometry and geomechanical status over time without requiring additional data acquisition or monitoring tools. 41 years of raw waveform data from multiple generations of seismic networks from the Geysers geothermal field were amalgamated to generate a catalog of 9,601 stable full-waveform MTI solutions in a rapid time frame. The resulting TLM data are the foundation for monitoring the temporal changes in fracture characteristics. Furthermore, as new microseismic data are collected, the TLM volume is updated, rendering itself to become a primary EGS monitoring tool. 1. INTRODUCTION The long-term productivity of an EGS is controlled by the temporal evolution of induced fractures in geothermal reservoirs because the fracture network is the path by which heat (resource) is extracted from the subsurface. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the variation in fracture network characteristics over time to assess reservoir performance. These updated assessments provide valuable information and an opportunity to optimize stimulation schemes for maximum heat production. To monitor fracture evolution through time, geomechanically analyzing these unexpected reservoir behaviors is needed to better understand the reservoir dynamics and the role of hydraulic shearing, which can potentially alter the near-well and far-field permeability structure (Soroush et al., 2018). One of the readily available datasets for subsurface monitoring is microseismic monitoring. If the signature of hydraulic shearing of fractures (which are the main sources of microseismicity) in microseismic data can be captured, then identification and characterization of fracture evolution can be automated using artificial intelligence. Therefore, the integration of advanced geophysical and geomechanical analysis workflows, augmented by artificial intelligence, seems to have vast potential in providing low-cost solutions for monitoring fractures’ evolution and conductivity in real-time.
Radical reactivity and Q-e values of methyl α-(trifluoromethyl)acrylate (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadical reactivity and Q-e values of methyl α-(trifluoromethyl)acrylateHiroshi Ito, Bernd Giese, and Renate EngelbrechtCite this: Macromolecules 1984, 17, 10, 2204–2205Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00140a056Request reuse permissionsArticle Views188Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (284 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Highly Efficient All-Inorganic Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells Produced by Thermal Coevaporation of CsI and PbI2 (2016)

We report here all inorganic CsPbI<sub>3</sub> planar junction perovskite solar cells fabricated by thermal coevaporation of CsI and PbI<sub>2</sub> precursors. The best devices delivered power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.3 to 10.5%, thus coming close to the reference MAPbI<sub>3</sub>-based devices (PCE ≈ 12%). These results emphasize that all inorganic lead halide perovskites can successfully compete in terms of photovoltaic performance with the most widely used hybrid materials such as MAPbI<sub>3</sub>.
Rehabilitation for Prosthetic Reconstruction after Resection of Musculoskeletal Tumor (2017)

腫瘍型人工関節置換術は，術後のリハビリテーションを早期に開始することができるため，社会復帰が早いという利点がある．しかし，筋肉などの軟部組織の再建が症例ごとに異なっているため，変形性関節症などに対して行われる一般的な人工関節置換術とは異なるアプローチが必要である．腫瘍切除により，多くの筋肉が起始・停止部で切離されるため，これらの筋肉をできるだけ解剖学的位置に再建することが機能回復において重要となる．金属の人工関節と筋肉は生物学的な癒合が期待できないが，ポリプロピレンメッシュを使用することで，強固な固定力が獲得できる．本稿では，近位・遠位大腿骨，近位脛骨の腫瘍型人工関節のリハビリテーションについて解説する．
ApoE3 Mediated Poly(butyl) Cyanoacrylate Nanoparticles Containing Curcumin: Study of Enhanced Activity of Curcumin against Beta Amyloid Induced Cytotoxicity Using In Vitro Cell Culture Model (2010)

Beta amyloid plays a main role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease by inducing oxidative stress in the brain. Curcumin, a natural antioxidant, is known to inhibit beta amyloid and beta amyloid induced oxidative stress. However, low bioavailability and photodegradation are the major concerns for the use of curcumin. In the present study, we have formulated apolipoprotein E3 mediated poly(butyl) cyanoacrylate nanoparticles containing curcumin (ApoE3-C-PBCA) to provide photostability and enhanced cell uptake of curcumin by targeting. Prepared nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release. The entrapment of curcumin inside the nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Physicochemical characterization confirmed the suitability of the method of preparation. The photostability of curcumin was increased significantly in nanoparticles compared to plain curcumin. In vitro cell culture study showed enhanced therapeutic efficacy of ApoE3-C-PBCA against beta amyloid induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells compared to plain curcumin solution. Beta amyloid is known to induce apoptosis in neuronal cells, therefore antiapoptotic activity of curcumin was studied using flow cytometry assays. From all the experiments, it was found that the activity of curcumin was enhanced with ApoE3-C-PBCA compared to plain curcumin solution suggesting enhanced cell uptake and a sustained drug release effect. The synergistic effect of ApoE3 and curcumin was also studied, since ApoE3 also possesses both antioxidant and antiamyloidogenic activity. It was found that ApoE3 did indeed have activity against beta amyloid induced cytotoxicity along with curcumin. Hence, ApoE3-C-PBCA offers great advantage in the treatment of beta amyloid induced cytotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease.
A Comparative Survey on Wireless Internet Usage and Future Expectations of University Students -The Cases of USF, AKU and IUS (2015)

In this article, college students’ internet usage and the expectations for better wireless access are discussed. Wireless and mobile internet access recently became an integral part of our lives. Especially, with the introduction of smart devices (phones, tablets etc.) into the wireless market and the vast number of applications running on these devices, we end up being addicted to them. Now, some of us have come to a point where we can leave everything behind us except our phones. To better understand how the wireless access has influenced us we conducted a face-to-face survey with three different groups of college students totalling 829. According to the survey, there are some problems while using the internet, such as internet speed and connection. University students do not want to give up mobile communications and they never want to be secondary users. They pay more attention to security and privacy in communication. They are also awaiting functional innovations in the future.
DNS-Based Solution for Operator Control of Selected IP Traffic Offload (2011)

In this paper, we consider the Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO) approach to handle increased data traffic of both local and macro-cellular networks. We devise different ap- proaches based on operator defined offload policies on a per des- tination domain name basis, which offer operators fine-grained control of whether a new IP connection should be offloaded or provided via the core network. Two of our solutions are based on Network Address Translation (NAT) named simple-NATing and twice-NATing, while a third one employs simple tunneling. These solutions support all kinds of UEs including those that support a single Packet Data Protocol (PDP) context/Packet Data Network (PDN) connection. In a forth solution, we consider the case where a User Equipment (UE) supports multiple PDP contexts/PDN connections, with at least one dedicated for SIPTO traffic. A qualitative analysis and a simulation study are presented.
Methadone maintenance in the treatment of opioid dependence. A current perspective. (1990)

We describe the historical underpinnings of negative attitudes towards methadone and how these affect medical decisions. Current developments have increased the understanding of the origins of opioid addiction, such as how receptor system dysfunction may affect the ability to remain abstinent once out of treatment. Specialized topics include the pregnant addict, the role of methadone maintenance in limiting the spread of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and patients with a dual diagnosis. We also describe issues that arise when methadone is used in conjunction with prescribed or abused drugs, noting pharmacologic alternatives and adjuncts to methadone treatment. Finally, we comment on treatment issues such as methadone patients in 12-step programs and the growing legitimacy of this treatment method.
Deep convolutional networks for pancreas segmentation in CT imaging (2015)

Automatic organ segmentation is an important prerequisite for many computer-aided diagnosis systems. The high anatomical variability of organs in the abdomen, such as the pancreas, prevents many segmentation methods from achieving high accuracies when compared to state-of-the-art segmentation of organs like the liver, heart or kidneys. Recently, the availability of large annotated training sets and the accessibility of affordable parallel computing resources via GPUs have made it feasible for "deep learning" methods such as convolutional networks (ConvNets) to succeed in image classification tasks. These methods have the advantage that used classification features are trained directly from the imaging data. We present a fully-automated bottom-up method for pancreas segmentation in computed tomography (CT) images of the abdomen. The method is based on hierarchical coarse-to-fine classification of local image regions (superpixels). Superpixels are extracted from the abdominal region using Simple Linear Iterative Clustering (SLIC). An initial probability response map is generated, using patch-level confidences and a two-level cascade of random forest classifiers, from which superpixel regions with probabilities larger 0.5 are retained. These retained superpixels serve as a highly sensitive initial input of the pancreas and its surroundings to a ConvNet that samples a bounding box around each superpixel at different scales (and random non-rigid deformations at training time) in order to assign a more distinct probability of each superpixel region being pancreas or not. We evaluate our method on CT images of 82 patients (60 for training, 2 for validation, and 20 for testing). Using ConvNets we achieve maximum Dice scores of an average 68% &plusmn; 10% (range, 43-80%) in testing. This shows promise for accurate pancreas segmentation, using a deep learning approach and compares favorably to state-of-the-art methods.
Thermal EOR: a review of insulated tubing and downhole steam generator materials evaluations (1985)

A downhole steam generator post-field-test materials study program has been completed. For the particular combustor design that was tested, wall temperatures as high as 1500/sup 0/F (816/sup 0/C) were observed. Significant variations with respect to time and position were also observed. The CoCrAlY and FeCrAlY alloys appeared to suffer little chemical attack, but both were damaged by what we conclude to be thermally-induced stresses. This mechanism also appears to be a dominant component in the corrosive attack suffered by 310 SS. It was concluded that very thin combustor walls are required in this design to avoid the potentially damaging ''alternating plasticity'' and ''ratcheting'' regimes of cyclic thermal stress. A study of wellbore heat losses from steam injection wells equipped with insulated tubing and conventional (uninsulated) couplings was completed. This study has confirmed that overall wellbore heat loss is substantially higher than expected for good quality tubing with uninsulated couplings if the well bore is wet - an effect attributed to ''wellbore refluxing.'' The temperature at which wellbore refluxing occurs is the boiling point of the annulus water, and is consequently a controllable function of annulus pressure. Reduction of annulus pressure is one means of decreasing the heat loss associated withmore » the refluxing process. Another method is the use of insulated couplings which provided a sufficient thermal resistance to prevent boiling, and hence refluxing, even when totally immersed. Finally, the observation that steady wellbore refluxing can occur without visible steam venting at the wellhead demonstrates that operators should not assume a dry, nonrefluxing annulus based solely on the observed absence of venting. 9 refs., 7 figs.« less
HLA-DR-specific suppressor cells after repeated allogeneic sensitizations of human lymphocytes in vitro. [Gamma radiation] (1978)

In conclusion, DR-specific suppressor cells can be induced by repeated in vitro sensitizations. They were able to decrease a secondary proliferation, to suppress consistently, in a primary proliferative assay, when added as third cells (primed twice against a DR antigen (PLT II) and ..gamma..-irradiated), the response of unprimed cells towards stimulating cells, which share a DR specificity with the priming cell of the PLT II. The suppression follows the D part of the recombinant haplotype within an HLA-B/D recombinant family and is specific for the DR antigen used twice as stimulator for production of the PLT II.
VCC: Contract-based modular verification of concurrent C (2009)

Most system level software is written in C and executed concurrently. Because such software is often critical for system reliability, it is an ideal target for formal verification. Annotated C and the Verified C Compiler (VCC) form the first modular sound verification methodology for concurrent C that scales to real-world production code. VCC is integrated in Microsoft Visual Studio and it comes with support for verification debugging: an explorer for counter-examples of failed proofs helps to find errors in code or specifications, and a prover log analyzer helps debugging proof attempts that exhaust available resources (memory, time). VCC is currently used to verify the core of Microsoft Hyper-V, consisting of 50,000 lines of system-level C code.
Generation of Nanoparticle, Atomic‐Cluster, and Single‐Atom Cobalt Catalysts from Zeolitic Imidazole Frameworks by Spatial Isolation and Their Use in Zinc–Air Batteries (2019)

The size effect of transition-metal nanoparticles on electrocatalytic performance remains ambiguous especially when decreasing the size to the atomic level. Herein, we report the spatial isolation of cobalt species on the atomic scale, which was achieved by tuning the zinc dopant content in predesigned bimetallic Zn/Co zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZnCo-ZIFs), and led to the synthesis of nanoparticles, atomic clusters, and single atoms of Co catalysts on N-doped porous carbon. This synthetic strategy allowed an investigation of the size effect on electrochemical behavior from nanometer to Ångström dimensions. Single-atom Co catalysts showed superior bifunctional ORR/OER activity, durability, and reversibility in Zn-air batteries compared with the other derivatives and noble-metal Pt/C+RuO<sub>2</sub> , which was attributed to the high reactivity and stability of isolated single Co atoms. Our findings open up a new avenue to regulate the metal particle size and catalytic performance of MOF derivatives.
Thermal parameters measurement method of electronics materials (1998)

The fast and precise photoacoustic methods of determination of all thermal parameters and additionally the optical absorption coefficient in the case of nonopaque solid state materials used in the electronic industry are presented. The procedures that allow one to determine the thermal diffusivity, thermal effusivity, thermal conductivity and specific heat of any material are presented. Both methods (for opaque and nonopaque material) are based on a comparison of thermal impedance frequency phase and amplitude characteristics of the samples with pattern characteristics. In the case of opaque materials they are the functions of thermal material parameters and the frequency of modulation. For nonopaque materials pattern characteristics are functions of universal and absolute arguments. Experimental results illustrating the procedures are presented and discussed for the following materials: silicon, copper, brass, and epoxy molding compound Hysol MG-40F-R.
Expert Clinical Decision Support Systems to Enhance Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs Insights Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (2005)

Health care-associated infections (HAIs) are a leading cause of in-hospital mortality and adverse events such as antimicrobial resistance. These infections place tremendous burdens on the health care system and create situations for misuse of antimicrobial drugs. Recognition of these factors has led professional societies, clinicians, and hospitals to develop programs to improve the management of HAIs and the use of antimicrobial drugs. The clinical literature is replete with examples of these programs, often referred to as antimicrobial stewardship. Traditionally, antimicrobial stewardship programs have relied on manual methods combined with clinical oversight and intervention. The advent of modern health care information technology offers the opportunity to expand the breadth and depth of these programs. Expert clinical decision support systems are the most promising of these information technology advances.
Physics with the crystal barrel: New mesons in {bar p}p annihilation (1994)

Vocal communication is used across extant vertebrates, is evolutionarily ancient, and been maintained, in many lineages. Here I review the neural circuit architectures that support intraspecific acoustic signaling in representative anuran, mammalian and avian species as well as two invertebrates, fruit flies and Hawaiian crickets. I focus on hindbrain motor control motifs and their ties to respiratory circuits, expression of receptors for gonadal steroids in motor, sensory, and limbic neurons as well as divergent modalities that evoke vocal responses. Hindbrain and limbic participants in acoustic communication are highly conserved, while forebrain participants have diverged between anurans and mammals, as well as songbirds and rodents. I discuss the roles of natural and sexual selection in driving speciation, as well as exaptation of circuit elements with ancestral roles in respiration, for producing sounds and driving rhythmic vocal features. Recent technical advances in whole brain fMRI across species will enable real time imaging of acoustic signaling partners, tying auditory perception to vocal production.
CURETO: Skin Diseases Detection Using Image Processing And CNN (2020)

Busy lifestyles these days have led people to forget to drink water regularly which results in inadequate hydration and oily skin, oily skin has become one of the main factors for Acne vulgaris. Acne vulgaris, particularly on the face, greatly affects a person's social, mental wellbeing and personal satisfaction for teens. Besides the fact that acne is well known as an inflammatory disorder, it was reported to have caused serious long-term consequences such as depression, scarring, mental illness, including pain and suicide. In this research work, a smartphone-based expert system namely “Cureto” is implemented using a hybrid approach i.e. using deep convolutional neural network (CNN) and natural language processing (NLP). The proposed work is designed, implemented and tested to classify Acne density, skin sensitivity and to identify the specific acne subtypes namely whiteheads, blackheads, papules, pustules, nodules and cysts. The proposed work not only classifies Acne Vulgaris but also recommends appropriate treatments based on their classification, severity and other demographic factors such as age, gender, etc. The results obtained show that for Acne type classification the accuracy ranges from 90%-95% and for Skin Sensitivity and Acne density the accuracy ranges from 93%-96%.