gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Next-generation ultrasound research scanners design (2017)

In a few years, ultrasound research platforms, also known as open scanners, have become a unique tool for the experimental activities of ultrasound labs. A number of advanced research platforms, designed according either to the software-or to the hardware-based approach, is now available. In this paper, the criteria followed in the recent development of ULA-OP 256, a 256-channel research scanner, are reported, and some illustrative scanner applications are presented. Differently from open systems that adopt a software approach based on the acquisition of raw data through high-speed serial links followed by elaboration performed by GPUs, ULA-OP 256 was designed to permit continuous real-time processing of data before their transmission to a host CPU. The new open scanner was programmed to satisfy the requirements of different real-time applications. The implementation of an efficient FPGA-based parallel beamformer allows, in association with the transmission of plane waves, to continuously produce (compounded) B-Mode images at high frame rates (more than 5 kHz). The capability of transmitting arbitrary sequences and waveforms was exploited to implement, in real-time, the multi-line transmit modes so far used off-line in cardiac imaging. The processing power of onboard DSPs is exploited in vector Doppler applications in which the velocity profiles along eight parallel lines are detected at PRF higher than 10 kHz. Novel beamforming methods like the Filtered-Delay Multiply and Sum (FDMAS) were first tested through the acquisition of raw radiofrequency data, and then implemented in real-time. Future directions for possible further improvement of research scanners performance are also discussed.
Ready for Repair? Gene Editing Enters the Clinic for the Treatment of Human Disease (2020)

We present an overview of clinical trials involving gene editing using clustered interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), or zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and discuss the underlying mechanisms. In cancer immunotherapy, gene editing is applied <i>ex vivo</i> in T cells, transgenic T cell receptor (tTCR)-T cells, or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells to improve adoptive cell therapy for multiple cancer types. This involves knockouts of immune checkpoint regulators such as PD-1, components of the endogenous TCR and histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex to generate universal allogeneic CAR-T cells, and CD7 to prevent self-destruction in adoptive cell therapy. In cervix carcinoma caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), E6 and E7 genes are disrupted using topically applied gene editing machinery. In HIV infection, the CCR5 co-receptor is disrupted <i>ex vivo</i> to generate HIV-resistant T cells, CAR-T cells, or hematopoietic stem cells. In β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease, hematopoietic stem cells are engineered <i>ex vivo</i> to induce the production of fetal hemoglobin. AAV-mediated <i>in vivo</i> gene editing is applied to exploit the liver for systemic production of therapeutic proteins in hemophilia and mucopolysaccharidoses, and in the eye to restore splicing of the CEP920 gene in Leber's congenital amaurosis. Close consideration of safety aspects and education of stakeholders will be essential for a successful implementation of gene editing technology in the clinic.
Role of glycocalyx in attenuation of shear stress on endothelial cells: From in vivo experiments to microfluidic circuits (2017)

Shear stress generated by blood flow is transmitted to endothelial cells lining blood vessels through the cell free layer at the blood/vessel interface, consisting of a blood plasma zone and the glycocalyx, a gel-like lining of the endothelium, composed of polysaccharides attached to the cell wall. This multilayered system determines how flow is sensed and converted into biochemical responses by the endothelium by mechanotransduction. Analysis of flow profiles in this system using particle velocimetry is not possible since the gel-like structure affects particle trajectories, precluding obtaining information on shear stress. Likewise using numerical simulations of flow and transport is not viable for fully resolving the mechanical effects within the glycocalyx and their transmission to the endothelial surface, and understanding how shear stress is sensed by the endothelium requires complex and expensive in vivo and in vitro experimentation. Equivalent microfluidic models/circuits would allow to explicitly study the impact of glycocalyx topology on shear stress in controlled systems at a fraction of the cost. We propose a continuum scale model that treats the glycocalyx as a porous medium with known porosity and permeability, while accounting for varying blood viscosity. The model is amenable to analytical solution for the time-averaged velocity profile within and above the glycocalyx, and its predictions match in vivo data, providing a framework to design microfluidic systems using micro patterns designed to simulate the macroscopic effects of the biological glycocalyx.
Anabaseine: Venom Alkaloid of Aphaenogaster Ants (1981)

Anabaseine, a tobacco alkaloid, is identified as a poison gland product in Aphaenogaster ants, in which it functions as an attractant.
The Effect of Surgical Treatment of Growth Retardation in Children with Ulcerative Colitis. (1992)

横浜市大第2外科で治療した若年者の潰瘍性大腸炎25例中, 成長障害の合併は5例であり, それらに対して手術の効果を検討した.全例, 全大腸炎型で男女比は4: 1であった.手術適応は重症発作が2例, 難治例が3例であり, 3例に回腸直腸吻合術, 2例に回腸肛門吻合術を行った.手術時の平均年齢は14歳 (13～15歳), 発症より手術までの病悩期間は平均3.8年 (4か月～10年2か月) で, prednisolone投与量は平均10,066mg (1, 560～23,375mg) と多量であった.成長障害は身長, 体重を指標に.手術前と手術後平均3.8年後 (2～6年) とを比較した.手術前の身長は全例-1SD以下であったが, 手術後は3例が-1SD以内に改善し, 改善度は平均+0.8SDであった.手術前の体重は4例で-1SD以下であったが.手術後は3例が一1SD以内に改善し, 改善度は平均+0.9SDであった.重症例やステロイドを長期投与された成長障害をもつ若年者は術後に改善がみられ, 手術治療が有効であった.
Dissection of promoter sequences involved in transcriptional activation of theEscherichia colireplication origin (1986)

The replication frequency of oriC plasmids in vivo is positively affected by specific transcripts running into oriC. These transcripts that activate oriC are initiated at a promoter of a gene coding for a 16kD protein. Genetic evidence is presented for binding of the initiation factor dnaA to a specific sequence (dnaA box) upstream of this promoter. Binding of the dnaA protein to this dnaA box regulates transcription initiation negatively. It was also demonstrated that binding of dnaA protein to the 16kD promoter region is essential to accomplish the actual activation event within the origin. Replication and incompatibility experiments suggest that dnaA protein is present within the activating transcription complex. The function of dnaA in this replication control mechanism is discussed.
Gene therapy of cancer (1998)

Gene therapy may be defined as an alteration of the cell phenotype by insertion of the “correct” or removal of the “incorrect” genetic information into normal cells in order to control or treat a disease. Cells may be genetically modified ex vivo (cellular gene therapy) or in vivo (gene therapy) (Fig. 1).
Synthesis of Li–Al Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) for Efficient Fluoride Removal (2012)

A novel adsorbent of Li–Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) was prepared through the precipitation of metal nitrates and further applied to remove excessive fluoride ions from water. The physical and chemical properties of synthesized materials were examined by powder transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, N2 adsorption/desorption analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The TEM results indicated that the materials synthesized via coprecipitation present a preferential orientation of the nanoscale LDH platelets. The XRD analysis confirmed that the synthesized products have a highly crystalline nature and a well-ordered layer structure. The high specific surface areas (37.24–51.27 m2/g) of calcined products were demonstrated to be beneficial for the adsorption of fluoride. For the adsorption experiment, the effects of the adsorption conditions including pH, coanions and adsorbent dose were investigated at initial fluoride concentration of 20 mg/L. The kinetics and isotherms of fluoride adsorption by calcined Li–Al LDHs were studied. The results indicated that the Li–Al LDHs can be effectively used to remove fluoride from water, where the maximum percentage removal (97.36%) could be reached and the adsorption equilibrium could be attained within 1 h. The kinetic data were well-fitted to the pseudo-second-order model, while the Freündlich isotherm model provided the better correlation of the equilibrium data. Based on FT-IR and kinetic analysis, the “memory effect” may play an important role in the early adsorption stage, while the ion-exchange process may control the adsorption rate at the second adsorption stage. Since the Li–Al LDHs show excellent fluoride removal efficiency, they are expected to separate fluoride from water in pollution control.
HEALTH OUTCOMES VARIABLES IMPORTANT TO PATIENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION (1998)

The focus group discussion assisted in identifying and defining outcomes variables important to patients with erectile dysfunction. We believe that understanding issues and outcomes important to such patients is necessary to increase compliance with treatment and, thereby, increase the success of treatment of this widespread condition.
Serial analysis of coronary artery disease progression by artificial intelligence assisted coronary computed tomography angiography: early clinical experience (2022)

We performed the first AI augmented CCTA based serial analysis of changes in coronary plaque characteristics over 13 years. We were able to consistently assess progression of plaque volumes, stenosis, and APCs with this novel methodology. We found a significant increase in TPV composed of decreasing LD-NCP, and increasing NCP and CP, with variations in the evolution of APCs between vessels. Although the significance of evolving APCs needs to be investigated, this case demonstrates AI-based CCTA analysis can serve as valuable clinical tool to accurately define unique CAD characteristics over time. Prospective trails are needed to assess whether quantification of APCs provides prognostic capabilities to improve clinical care.
Estimating the reliability of electrical connectors (1991)

Some current approaches to estimating the reliability of electrical contacts and connectors are discussed. These approaches center on the statistical analysis of test data and address the active degradation mechanisms, the determination of appropriate environmental tests with corresponding acceleration factors and exposures, the statistical analysis appropriate for the test data, and the establishment of appropriate acceptance criteria. Each of these issues is treated separately. Multiposition connectors and Mil-Hdbk-217 are discussed. The authors deprecate reliability predictions based on generic databases and failure rate models, such as Mil-Hdbk-217, and describe instead what should constitute a reliability qualification program.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Low-on-resistance strain-controlled LDMOS transistors for 0.25-&#x03BC;m power ICs (2011)

We have developed a new 12 V LDMOS transistor for 0.25 μm power ICs, which is designed from the viewpoint of mechanical stress to reduce on-resistance. A critically low resistance substrate has been developed to reduce the resistance from the surface source to the backside of the transistor, avoiding compressive stress due to high boron doping in the substrate. A buried-polysilicon sinker is utilized to apply tensile stress to the channel and the offset-drain region. The existing mechanical stress distribution is confirmed by two-dimensional UV-Raman spectroscopy. The transconductance of the LDMOS transistor is increased by 12% owing to the tensile stress and the total on-resistance is reduced by 16% owing to the channel and source resistance reduction, which directly leads to a higher efficiency of analog power circuits.
Fluorescent Self-Assembled Monolayers of Umbelliferone: A Relationship between Contact Angle and Fluorescence (2013)

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) that contain fluorophore units are nowadays widely used to tune surface properties and design new chemical sensor chips. It is well-known that the nature of the substrate may strongly interfere with the emission properties of the grafted molecules, but the organization of the monolayer may also have an important role. To study the influence of the SAM organization on the luminescence properties, we prepared different coumarin-based derivatives endowed with tethered chains of different lengths and elaborated the corresponding SAMs on glass slides. Besides SAM structural characterizations by atomic force microscopy and X-ray reflectivity, we carried out contact angle measurements and applied the Van Oss-Chaudhury-Good theory, which was rarely used previously for self-assembled monolayers. As expected, by increasing the tethered chain length, a higher surface coverage, a higher degree of organization, and a stronger molecular packing were observed. However, it appears to facilitate the self-quenching process, and thus, this strongly affects the fluorescent properties of the SAMs.
Proteomics‐based identification of proteins interacting with Smad3: SREBP‐2 forms a complex with Smad3 and inhibits its transcriptional activity (2004)

Smad3 is an important component of transforming growth factor‐β (TGFβ) intracellular signalling. To identify novel interacting proteins of Smad3, we performed pull‐down assays with Smad3 constructs fused to glutathione‐ S ‐transferase. Proteins which formed complexes with these constructs were analyzed by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis, and were identified by matrix‐assisted laser desorption‐ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. We identified 14 proteins interacting with the Smad3 construct lacking the N‐terminal Mad homology domain 1 (MH1), and 12 proteins interacting with the construct lacking the C‐terminal MH2 domain. Proteins involved in signalling processes, in metabolism regulation, novel proteins, and components of cytoskeleton form four groups of interacting proteins. Interactions of AGP7, sex‐determining region Y protein, actin β and sterol regulatory element binding protein‐2 (SREBP‐2) proteins with Smad3 constructs were confirmed by immunoblotting with specific antibodies. Interaction of Smad3 with SREBP‐2 was also confirmed by co‐immunoprecipitation of myc‐Smad3 and Flag‐SREBP‐2 upon expression in mammalian cells. We found that SREBP‐2 inhibited the transcriptional activity of Smad3 in luciferase reporter assays.
Mobile Intelligent Network security with SIP Authentication Procedure (2008)

With the rapid evolution of wireless network, demands in term of security is increasingly indispensable. That necessitates the advanced method introduction of cryptography and authentication, management and distribution of keys between the different entities on the system, while respecting constraints imposed by wireless systems, such that the capacity of the radio interface and resources of the terminal that represent the bottleneck of strangling of this type of systems. The terminal such GSM is low on requests of signalling SS7. In these papers discuss and we propose a technique of integration and security of intelligent network with mobile network by exploiting the signalling protocol of IETF, SIP.
Automated usage control for secure data sharing based on Ricardian contracts (2022)

Data is important for the industry to take advantage of digitalization, realize automation, assure quality, and more. Values from data are not only created individually by companies, but also in eco-systems in which data is shared among participating organizations. Secure data sharing is essential in such eco-systems to prevent unauthorized access and use of the data. Usage control extends traditional access control with restrictions concerned with requirements that pertain to data processing contractual obligations, rather than data access provisions only. Thus, usage control is relevant in the context of intellectual property protection, compliance with regulations, and digital rights management. This paper presents a method to negotiate contractual obligations and access provisions, and automatically enforce those provisions with access control. Finalized negotiations establish Ricardian contracts at two levels; a superordinate level with a connected subordinate level. These contracts contain provisions in terms of access control attributes. Using our implementation of a negotiation engine we demonstrate the automatic creation of NIST Next Generation Access Control (NGAC) access control policies. Our negotiation engine uses a lightweight model for the storage of an unforgeable and immutable log of the established contracts based on digital signatures and hashing.
Cloning and use of acetyl xylan esterase from fungal origin. (1992)

Methods and DNA constructs are provided for the expression of a fungal acetyl xylan esterase gene in microbial hosts. A purified fungal acetyl xylan esterase is obtained which is suited for the use as an accessory enzyme in the degradation of acetylated xylans
Simulation of the influence of aerosol particles on Stokes parameters of polarized skylight (2014)

Microphysical properties and chemical compositions of aerosol particles determine polarized radiance distribution in the atmosphere. In this paper, the influences of different aerosol properties (particle size, shape, real and imaginary parts of refractive index) on Stokes parameters of polarized skylight in the solar principal and almucantar planes are studied by using vector radiative transfer simulations. The results show high sensitivity of the normalized Stokes parameters due to fine particle size, shape and real part of refractive index of aerosols. It is possible to utilize the strength variations at the peak positions of the normalized Stokes parameters in the principal and almucantar planes to identify aerosol types.
Kruppel-like factor 10 regulates innate-like IL-17+CD27−Vγ4+ γδ T cell development (2017)

Abstract γδ T cells, an important source of innate IL-17 in mouse and human, are known to act critical contributions to host immune responses. However, certain factors that control their development and homeostasis are poorly elucidated. In the present study, we examined the role of zinc finger transcriptional factor, Kruppel-like factor 10 (KLF10) in the development and homeostasis of IL-17-committed CD27− γδ T (γδ27−-17) cells. We found a selective augmentation of Vγ4+ γδ27− cells, but not of other IL-17-producing αβ T cells, with higher IL-17 production in KLF10-deficient mice. Although either cytokine (IL-7 or IL-1β plus IL-23) or T cell receptor (TCR) stimuli could induce Klf10 on γδ T cells, KLF10 inhibited γδ27− cell responsiveness to IL-7 or IL-1β plus IL-23 but not TCR stimuli. Surprisingly, KLF10-deficient CD127hiVγ4+ γδ27−-17 cells expressed CD5, a stable indicator of TCR strength, higher than their wild-type counterparts. This was also observed in mature (CD24loCD44hi) but not in immature (CD24hiCD44lo) Vγ4+ γδ27− cells from the neonatal thymus of KLF10-deficient mice, with enhanced maturation of these subsets, indicating that KLF10 deficiency promoted high-affinity TCR bearing Vγ4+ γδ27− cell maturation. Finally, mixed bone marrow chimera study indicated that intrinsic KLF10 signaling is mandatory to limit Vγ4+ γδ27−-17 cells. Collectively, these results suggest that the development and homeostasis of innate-like Vγ4+ γδ27−-17 cell are dependent on a transcriptional control by KLF10 which is differently involved in cytokine or TCR signaling.
Trend analysis of greenhouse gases over Europe measured by a network of ground-based remote FTIR instruments (2008)

Abstract. This paper describes the statistical analysis of annual trends in long term datasets of greenhouse gas measurements taken over ten or more years. The analysis technique employs a bootstrap resampling method to determine both the long-term and intra-annual variability of the datasets, together with the uncertainties on the trend values. The method has been applied to data from a European network of ground-based solar FTIR instruments to determine the trends in the tropospheric, stratospheric and total columns of ozone, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, methane, ethane and HCFC-22. The suitability of the method has been demonstrated through statistical validation of the technique, and comparison with ground-based in-situ measurements and 3-D atmospheric models.
Introduction to D4LASAR, a Test-Generation System (1978)

Abstract : This report is intended to ease the initiation of future users of the D4LASAR test-generation system at RADC/RBRM. Testing technology background material is presented, and the operation of the major D4LASAR program modules is discussed.
An Efficient Large-Scale Sensor Deployment Using a Parallel Genetic Algorithm Based on CUDA (2016)

We have employed evolutionary computation to solve the optimization problem of sensor deployment in battlefield environments. A genetic algorithm has the advantage of delivering results of a higher quality than simple computational algorithms, but it has the drawback of requiring too much computing time. This study aimed not only to shorten the computing time to as close to real-time as possible by using the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) but also to maintain a solution quality that is as good as or better than the case when the proposed algorithm is not used. In the proposed genetic algorithm, parallelization was applied to speed up the fitness evaluation requiring heavy computation time. The proposed CUDA-based design approach for complex and various sensor deployments is validated by means of simulation. We parallelized two parts in Monte Carlo simulation for the fitness evaluation: moving lots of tested vehicles and calculating the probability of detection (POD) for each vehicle. The experiment was divided into CPU and GPU experiments depending on arithmetic unit types. In the GPU experiment, the results showed similar levels for the detection probability by GPU and CPU, and the computing time decreased by approximately 55-56 times.
Genetic Algorithms based optimization of intermittent ice scheduling on a Hybrid Solar Vehicle (2009)

Hybrid Solar Vehicles (HSV), derived by integration of Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Photo-Voltaic sources, may represent a valuable solution to face both energy saving and environmental issues, particularly in urban driving. This paper focuses on their management strategies, evidencing some significant differences with respect to the case of Hybrid Electric Vehicles. In order to develop a supervisory control for an HSV prototype under development at University of Salerno, a study on the performance achievable by an intermittent use of the ICE powering the electric generator is presented. The results obtained by the application of Genetic Algorithms (GA) to the optimal energy management of an HSV with series structure are discussed. The optimal powering strategy accounts for fuel mileage and state of charge, also considering solar contribution during parking mode and the effects of engine thermal transients on fuel consumption and HC emissions.