gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Differing Light Intensities on Abdominal Fat Deposition in Broilers (1988)

Two trials were conducted in an attempt to determine if light intensity affected fat content of broilers as measured by the amount of abdominal fat. The light regimens used from 10 days of age had constant intensities of 2 or 52 lx. Results obtained showed that light intensity did not significantly influence the amount of abdominal fat produced by males or females at either 49 or 63 days of age. Light intensity had no significant effect on body weight, feed conversion (grams feed per gram body weight), or mortality at either 48 or 62 days of age for broilers of the same sex. The amount of light used was the amount produced from either 7.5 or 75-W incandescent bulbs in an enclosed house that was 11 m wide with two strings of light bulbs 2.1 m high on 3-m centers equidistant from the ends and sidewalls of the house.
Isolated Peripheral Tuberculous Lymphadenitis in Adults: Current Clinical and Diagnostic Issues (1995)

Eight cases of isolated peripheral tuberculous lymphadenitis occurred over a 16-month period at our institution, prompting a literature review to establish the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and current approaches to diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. It occurs most commonly in young adult women who either are immigrants from areas where tuberculous is endemic or have histories of travel that are suggestive of exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The disease is indolent and usually presents as a unilateral painless neck mass. Constitutional symptoms are rare, except in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The results of skin testing with purified protein derivative are invariably positive. Excisional biopsy for histopathologic and microbiological evaluations provides the highest diagnostic yield, although fine needle aspiration may be useful for HIV-infected individuals and in areas of the world with a high prevalence of disease. A 6-month course of combination antituberculous therapy is adequate for disease due to susceptible organisms. This infection may be readily diagnosed if suggestive epidemiological and clinical findings lead to expeditious tissue sampling.
Ocular microtremor in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (1999)

Abnormalities in the oculomotor control mechanism of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease are well recognised. In this study the effect of Parkinson's disease on tonic output from oculomotor nuclei was studied by using oculomicrotremor as an index of such output. Oculomicrotremor readings were taken from 22 parkinsonian patients and 22 normal healthy volunteers using the piezoelectric strain gauge technique. There was a slower overall tremor frequency, baseline, and burst frequency in the parkinsonian group. There was also a significant increase in the duration of baseline, with a decrease in the number of bursts a second and a decrease in average duration of bursts in the patient group compared with the normal group. One patient, whose medication was withdrawn, showed a marked decrease in mean frequency and baseline frequency with a decrease in number of bursts and increase in baseline duration compared with readings taken when treatment recommenced. These results suggest that variables measured in oculomicrotremor are altered compared with normal subjects, reflecting altered tonic output from oculomotor nuclei in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
The GALAXIES inelastic hard X-ray scattering end-station at Synchrotron SOLEIL (2018)

GALAXIES is an in-vacuum undulator hard X-ray micro-focused beamline dedicated to the study of the electronic structure of materials with high energy resolution using both photoelectron spectroscopy and inelastic X-ray scattering and under both non-resonant (NR-IXS) and resonant (RIXS) conditions. Due to the penetrating power of hard X-rays and the `photon-in/photon-out' technique, the sample environment is not a limitation. Materials under extreme conditions, for example in diamond anvil cells or catalysis chambers, thus constitute a major research direction. Here, the design and performance of the inelastic X-ray scattering end-station that operates in the energy range from ∼4 keV up to 12 keV is reported, and its capabilities are highlighted using a selection of data taken from recently performed experiments. The ability to scan `on the fly' the incident and scattered/emitted X-ray energies, and the sample position enables fast data collection and high experimental throughput. A diamond X-ray transmission phase retarder, which can be used to generate circularly polarized light, will also be discussed in the light of the recent RIXS–MCD approach.
A deterioration estimating system for 200-Ah sealed lead-acid batteries (2002)

The introduction of sealed lead-acid batteries, which do not need refills of water, greatly reduces the amount of maintenance required. However, it is difficult to estimate the battery's deterioration because they are sealed. A useful battery test system for estimating the battery deterioration was developed in NTT and NTT Power and Building Facilities Inc. It can measure the battery's capacity in less than 1 ms without affecting telecommunications equipment or power equipment, is accurate to within 10%, and is compact, light, and easy to handle. In this system, the battery's internal resistance which is calculated from the transient voltage change at the battery's terminal, and current which flows through the circuit, is used to determine the extent of deterioration in the battery. The pulse width of the transient voltage was set to some hundreds microseconds from the mutual relationship between the voltage drop and the battery's capacity. A regression expression was developed using batteries with artificially accelerated deterioration, and a total of 250 sets of 200-Ah sealed lead acid batteries now in use were applied for field experiments. Errors of less than 10% were achieved for every brand of battery. We also verified that neither telecommunications equipment nor power equipment was affected by this measurement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Environmental Analysis of the Air Bending Process (2011)

This paper presents the results of a data collection effort, allowing to assess the overall environmental impact of the air bending process using the CO2PE!‐Methodology. First the different modes of the air bending process are investigated, including both productive and non‐productive modes. In particular consumption of electric power is recorded for the different modes. Subsequently, time studies allow determining the importance of productive and nonproductive modes of the involved process. The study demonstrates that the influence of standby losses can be substantial. In addition to life cycle analysis, in depth process analysis also provides insight in achievable environmental impact reducing measures towards machine tool builders and eco‐design recommendations for product developers. The energy consumption of three different machine tool architectures are analysed and compared within this paper.
Thermal-aware cell and through-silicon-via co-placement for 3D ICs (2011)

Existing thermal-aware 3D placement methods assume that the temperature of 3D ICs can be optimized by properly distributing the power dissipations, and ignoring the heat conductivity of though-silicon-vias (TSVs). However, our study indicates that this is not exactly correct. While considering the thermal effect of TSVs during placement appears to be quite complicated, we are able to prove that when the TSV area in each bin is proportional to the lumped power consumption in that bin, together with the bins in all the tiers directly above it, the peak temperature is minimized. Based on this criterion, we implement a thermal-aware 3D placement tool. Compared to the methods that prefer a uniform power distribution that only results in an 8% peak temperature reduction, our method reduces the peak temperature by 34% on average with even slightly less wirelength overhead. These results suggest that considering thermal effects of TSVs is necessary and effective during the placement stage. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first thermal-aware 3D placement tool that directly takes into consideration the thermal and area impact of TSVs.
Geometric calibration of distributed microphone arrays (2009)

Computational auditory scene analysis exploits signals acquired by means of microphone arrays. In some circumstances, more than one array is deployed in the same environment. In order to effectively fuse the information gathered by each array, the relative location and pose of the arrays needs to be obtained solving a problem of geometric inter-array calibration. We consider the case where the arrays do not share a synchronous clock, which impairs the use of time-difference of arrival measures across arrays. Conversely, each array produces an acoustic image, which describes the energy of acoustic signals received from different directions. We jointly consider acoustic images acquired by the different arrays and adapt computer vision techniques to solve the calibration problem, thus estimating the location and pose of microphone arrays sensing the same auditory scene. We evaluate the robustness of the calibration process in a simulated environment and we investigate the effect of the various system parameters, namely the number of probing signal locations, the resolution of the acoustic images, the non-ideal intra-array calibration.
Enhanced Compression beyond HEVC for Next Generation Content (2019)

The Joint Video Experts Team recently evaluated technology in response to a Call for Proposals for Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC. A number of proposed solutions were evaluated, with a sub-set demonstrating the potential to reduce bit-rates by over 40% compared to HEVC. This paper presents the author's contributions to one of these proposals. The proposal emphasized a flexible, rectangular partitioning structure that was combined with new coding tools, including improved motion vector coding and quantization signaling methods. Results show the efficacy of the approach. Using the evaluation procedure defined in the Call, the described approach provides coding gains relative to an HEVC anchor of 41.2% and 35.7% for 4K-SDR and HD-SDR sequences, respectively, using the random access configuration; 29.0% for HD-SDR sequences using a low delay configuration, and gains of 34.3% and 32.2% for PQ-HDR and HLG-HDR sequences, respectively, using a random access configuration.
Visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome: evidence for involvement of serotonin metabolism – a preliminary study (2015)

Oral administration of 5-HTP induced significant alterations in systemic 5-HT metabolites that were accompanied by increased visceroperception of pain in controls and hypersensitive IBS patients. Changes in 5-HT metabolism appear to be important factors involved in visceral hypersensitivity as the 5-HTP-induced pro-nociceptive response was observed in all hypersensitive IBS patients and to a lesser magnitude in a significant number of healthy controls but in none of the non-hypersensitive IBS patients.
Experimental plan for the investigation of thermally-induced ventilation in atria (1981)

A detailed and logical work plan is outlined for determining if current atrium designs are capable, and to what extent, of thermally inducing ventilation in atria. This passive cooling technique could displace costly refrigerated cooling, ventilation fan energy, and auxiliary space heating. The principal area of interest is for thermally-induced ventilation cooling in commercial and multi-residential buildings. The present work proposes ten test sites for detailed experimental investigation. Six test sites are recommended for detailed quantitative measurements while four are recommended for qualitative examination. These test sites include several atrium designs and span several US climate zones. Measurements planned include: (1) ambient conditions of wind, temperature, humidity and solar radiation; (2) atrium conditions of air flow rates, heat transfer rates, temperature, humidity, internal heat generation, infiltration and HVAC status. A detailed cost plan and test schedule are presented in this work. An optional costing procedure is presented which lists anticipated cost per site rather than a total project cost.
Extruded electroactive fibers: preferred crystallographic orientation (2001)

Electroactive fibers of preferred macro crystalline orientation and ultimately single crystal structure are goals of the research discussed in this paper. Four compositions are under evaluation; lead magnesium niobate- lead titanate solid solution, PMN-31PT, an incongruently melting near-morphotropic phase boundary piezoelectric composition; PMN-10PT, an electrostrictor composition; and two lead free compositions in the sodium bismuth titanate- barium titanate solid solution, NbiT-BaT, family, both congruently melting, one electrostrictor and one piezoelectric. The efficacy of seed crystals in stimulating oriented crystal growth is being evaluated in the lead-based PMN-31PT system. Sub-micron reactive precursor powders of high chemical potential are being evaluated as matrix material. Direct fiber and ribbon extrusion have been shown to orient high chemical potential are being evaluated as matrix material. Direct fiber and ribbon extrusion have been shown to orient high chemical potential are being evaluated as matrix material. Direct fiber and ribbon extrusion have been shown to orient prismatic, needle and platelet shaped seed crystals. Extrusion orifice, seed and initial matrix particle size have not influenced the degree of seed orientation within the tested bounds of our experimental parameters. Non-equilibrium sintering conditions near the melting points of all four compositions noted above will be used to generate exaggerated grain growth under seeded and self-seeding conditions. In the PMN-31PT system, an as yet uncharacterized melt phase appears to stimulate rapid crystal growth, the orientation of which shall be determined by x-ray back reflection Laue methods. Analyses of fiber composition and grain orientation are ongoing. Results to-date will be reported. Analyses of fiber quality and performance, measured using single fiber P-E loop testing, are presented. Loops of sufficient quality to warrant fiber evaluation in active fiber composite packs have been measured. Progress toward program goals is summarized in this paper.
Oxide Scale Formation on Alloy Interconnects in CH4 Fuels for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (2005)

Oxide scale formations in CH4-H2O atmospheres were investigated for different alloys for interconnects in solid oxide fuel cells (Fe-Cr and Ni-Cr alloys). Oxidation with anode gases (CH4, H2O, CO, and CO2) caused a relatively thick oxide scale formation on the alloy surfaces even in the low oxygen partial pressures at 1073 K. The distribution of elements in the oxide scale and the growth rates of oxide scales were compared among the examined alloys by glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GDOES). Mn-Fe and Mn-Ni spinels were formed on Fe-Cr alloys and Ni-Cr alloy surface, respectively. Oxide scale thickness grew with annealing time by a parabolic relationship, and the growth rates were in the orders of 10−6 −10−5 μm2s−1 at 1073 K. The electrical conductivity after forming oxide scales was different depending on the oxide scale phases and thickness, and was in the orders of 10 Scm−1 at 973 K.
Assessment of efficacy and tolerability of once-daily extended release metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (2010)

Patients switched to extended release metformin XR derived the same clinical and metabolic benefits as for standard metformin but with reduced dosage, fewer gastrointestinal side effects and a greater sense of well being and satisfaction on medication.
Towards Hyperentanglement via Semiconductor Two- Photon Emission (2008)

We investigate a new phenomenon of semiconductor two-photon emission presenting the first experiments. This allows implementation of compact highly-efficient room-temperature sources of entangled (for microcavity interband transitions) and hyperentangled (for intersubband transitions) photons.
Materials informatics approach to understand aluminum alloys (2020)

The relations between the mechanical properties, heat treatment, and compositions of elements in aluminum alloys are extracted by a materials informatics technique. In our strategy, a machine learning model is first trained by a prepared database to predict the properties of materials. The dependence of the predicted properties on explanatory variables, that is, the type of heat treatment and element composition, is searched using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method. From the dependencies, a factor to obtain the desired properties is investigated. Using targets of 5000, 6000, and 7000 series aluminum alloys, we extracted relations that are difficult to find via simple correlation analysis. Our method is also used to design an experimental plan to optimize the materials properties while promoting the understanding of target materials.
Dislocation accumulation at large plastic strains -- An approach to the theoretical strength of materials (1999)

The usual method of introducing engineers to the concept of dislocations and their role in plastic flow is to compare an estimate of the theoretical strength of solid (of order {micro}/30 where {micro} is the shear modulus) and the observed strength of either single crystals ({mu}/10{sup 4}) or practical engineering material such as structural steels where the yield stress in shear is of order {mu}/10{sup 3}. However, if one considers the problem in reverse, one can consider the accumulation of dislocations as an important mechanism by which one can produce engineering materials in which the strength level approaches the theoretical strength. If one assumes that the flow stress can be expressed in terms of te mean free path between stored dislocations or as the square root of the global dislocation density, then one can see the influence of dislocation density in a diagrammatic form. It is clear that the strengthening by dislocation accumulation due to large imposed plastic strains represents an important approach both to the development of new, potentially valuable, engineering materials and an important area of basic understanding in terms of the mechanical response of materials close to their theoretical strength. Thus, this article will survey some of the factors which influence dislocation accumulation at large strains and the consequences of such accumulation processes.
Direct and indirect antigen recognition: the pathways to allograft immune rejection (1999)

The immune rejection of allografts is mediated by T cells via two distinct pathways: the direct and the indirect pathways. Direct alloresponse to intact donor MHC molecules is ensured by T cells which are polyclonal and directed toward a variety of antigens. This response is highly sensitive to treatment by immunosuppressive drugs including Cyclosporin A. Indirect alloresponse is oligoclonal and involves a few dominant antigen peptides on donor MHC. In contrast to its direct counterpart, indirect allorecognition is thought to be poorly sensitive to blockade by cyclosporin A. It is likely that indirect and direct types of alloresponses play different roles in the physiology of the rejection process. T cell responses occurring via direct allorecognition play a critical role during the early phase of acute graft rejection by sensitizing the host to graft antigens. Alternatively, once such sensitization has taken place, indirect type of alloresponse may become predominant and presumably represent the driving force in the actual destruction of transplanted tissues. In addition, we and others have provided strong circumstantial evidence indicating that secondary T cell responses via indirect allorecognition spread to new determinants on donor MHC and tissue-specific antigens. This phenomenon is likely to play an important role in late and chronic rejection, a major obstacle to long-term graft acceptance in clinical transplantation. Finally, a series of studies have demonstrated that early, pre-transplant treatment with tolerogenic donor-derived MHC peptides can protect the graft from rejection in rodents. Although the mechanisms involved in MHC-peptide-induced tolerance are ill defined, this strategy represents a promising approach for ensuring long-lasting graft acceptance in the absence of widespread immunosuppression. It is now crucial to further explore the mechanims involved in immunogenicity and tolerogenicity of MHC peptides and to initiate clinical studies to evaluate the efficacy of blocking indirect alloresponses in transplanted patients.
The gliopeptide ODN, a ligand for the benzodiazepine site of GABA A receptors, boosts functional recovery after stroke (2020)

Abstract Following stroke, the survival of neurons and their ability to re-establish connections is critical to functional recovery. This is strongly influenced by the balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition. In the acute phase of experimental stroke, lethal hyperexcitability can be attenuated by positive allosteric modulation of GABA A receptors (GABA A R). Conversely, in the late phase, negative allosteric modulation of GABA A R can correct the sub-optimal excitability and improves both sensory and motor recovery. Here, we hypothesized that octadecaneuropeptide (ODN), an endogenous allosteric modulator of the GABA A R synthesized by astrocytes, influences the outcome of ischemic brain tissue and subsequent functional recovery. We show that ODN boosts the excitability of cortical neurons, which make it deleterious in the acute phase of stroke. However, if delivered after day 3, ODN is safe and improves motor recovery over the following month in two different paradigms of experimental stroke in mice. Furthermore, we bring evidence that during the sub-acute period after stroke, the repairing cortex can be treated with ODN by means of a single hydrogel deposit into the stroke cavity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Stroke remains a devastating clinical challenge because there is no efficient therapy to either minimize neuronal death with neuroprotective drugs or to enhance spontaneous recovery with neurorepair drugs. Around the brain damage, the peri-infarct cortex can be viewed as a reservoir of plasticity. However, the potential of wiring new circuits in these areas is restrained by a chronic excess of GABAergic inhibition. Here we show that an astrocyte-derived peptide (ODN), can be used as a delayed treatment, to safely correct cortical excitability and facilitate sensorimotor recovery after stroke.
Computer Vision for Robots (1986)

This book presents the papers given at a conference on robotic image processing. Topics considered at the conference included pattern recognition, digital filters, texture processing, algorithms, parallel processing, least square fit, computerized control systems, artificial intelligence, navigation, mobility, knowledge bases, array processors, supercomputers, computer architecture, optical computers, and routing.