gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Clusters of Participation in Engineering Co-curricular Activities on Student Outcomes (2020)

Professor Millunchick has two distinct areas of research. The first is in Materials Science and involves manipulating matter on the nanoscale in order to enable the design of new electronic materials for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. Specifically, she is fascinated by the details of atomic surface structure of compound semiconductors, self assembly of epitaxial nanostructures, and in situ characterization. The second area of research is in Engineering Education, and studies whether student participation in engineering co-curricular activities confers any benefits, and how to transfer those benefits to attract and retain students typically underrepresented in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields. She is also currently developing virtual and augmented reality learning tools to help students learn concepts in the physical sciences.
Defective Bone Formation by Transplanted Hyp Mouse Bone Cells into Normal Mice* (1988)

The hypophosphatemic (Hyp) mouse is a model for human X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH). To test the hypothesis of an abnormal osteoblast function in XLH, periostea and osteoblasts isolated from normal and Hyp mice were transplanted im into normal and mutant mice. The thickness of the osteoid seams at the periphery of the bone nodules and the osteoid volume were measured in transplants as an index of bone formation. Impaired mineralization was evidenced in transplants of Hyp cells into Hyp mice by excessive osteoid thickness and volume compared with transplants of normal cells into normal mice. When normal cells were transplanted into mutant mice, the osteoid thickness and volume were markedly increased, demonstrating that the extracellular environment is critical for bone formation. In contrast, when Hyp cells were transplanted into normal mice, reduction, but not normalization, of the osteoid thickness and volume was observed. This abnormal bone formation supports the hypothesis of an osteoblast defect in the Hyp mouse.
Energy-aware mapping for tile-based NoC architectures under performance constraints (2003)

In this paper, we present an algorithm which automatically maps the IPs/cores onto a generic regular Network on Chip (NoC) architecture such that the total communication energy is minimized. At the same time, the performance of the mapped system is guaranteed to satisfy the specified constraints through bandwidth reservation. As the main contribution, we first formulate the problem of energy-aware mapping, in a topological sense, and then propose an efficient branch-and-bound algorithm to solve it. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is very fast and robust, and significant energy savings can be achieved. For instance, for a complex video/audio SoC design, on average, 60.4% energy savings have been observed compared to an ad-hoc implementation.
Risk-shifting Behavior in Taiwan’s Small and Medium-sized Commercial Banks under Different Deposit Insurance Systems (2013)

This paper examines the risk-shifting behavior of Taiwan’s small and medium-sized
commercial banks both prior to and after the adoption of a risk-based premium system. We
use the Duan et al. (1992) model to investigate the changes in their risk-shifting behavior. We
find that the effects of risk-restraining measures were reduced as a result of the adoption of
the risk-based system. Our results also demonstrate that risk-shifting behavior within these
commercial banks was quite successful under the flat-rate premium system, and that such
behavior was not mitigated as a result of the implementation of the risk-based premium
system.
The Use of Methylmethacrylate in Primary Total Knee Replacements With Large Tibial Defects (1991)

Bone defects in the tibial plateau present technical problems in primary knee replacement surgery. A variety of techniques is available to solve these problems. Of 59 patients treated with a cement fill and followed an average of 7.1 years (range, five to 11 years), there was only one failure requiring revision. Overall, knee scores averaged 78 points and roentgenogram scores averaged 85 points. Radiolucent lines were noted in 43 of the 59 patients, but none were progressive except in the one failure. There was no clinical correlation between the presence of radiolucent lines and clinical symptoms. Good long-term results might be expected from the cement fill when the bone defects are smaller than 20 mm and affect less than 50% of either plateau.
Target Motion Estimation Ambiguities for Monostatic Synthetic Aperture Radar (2018)

A recent analysis demonstrates that ambiguities exist in attempting to estimate target motion for general bistatic synthetic aperture radar collections. However, monostatic geometries appear to be problematic, since two coordinate angles become indeterminate. The current investigation resolves these issues and provides new insights into the nature of these ambiguities.
Fibrous and Helical Calcite Crystals Induced by Synthetic Polypeptides ContainingO‐Phospho‐L‐Serine andO‐Phospho‐L‐Threonine (2007)

The modification of CaCO(3) crystal growth by synthetic L-Ser(PO(3)H(2)) and L-Thr(PO(3)H(2)) containing polypeptides is described. The amino acids Gly, L-Glu, L-Asp, L-Ser, L-Ala, and L-Lys induced rhombohedral calcite with a rough surface. Dipeptides, Xaa-L-Ser(PO(3)H(2)) (Xaa = Gly, L-Glu, L-Asp, L-Ser, L-Ala and L-Lys) induced vaterite crystals in the lower [Ca(2+)]. On the other hand, L-Ser(PO(3)H(2))-containing polypeptides formed spherical vaterite and fibrous calcite. The characteristic helical calcite was found in the presence of copoly[L-Ser(PO(3)H(2))(75)L-Asp(25)] or poly[L-Ser(PO(3)H(2))(3)-L-Asp]. Fibrous calcite, spherical vaterite, and helical calcite crystals were subjected to XRD and EDX analysis. XRD revealed the specific faces of these crystals. EDX spectra and surface analysis visualized the localization of the polypeptides and CaCO(3) components. Together with TEM and SAED data, we propose hypothetical growth mechanisms for the fibrous and helical calcite crystals.
P3‐039: GWAS LOAD LOCI SIGNALING NETWORKS SHARE SIMILARITIES WITH TG2576 MOUSE HIPPOCAMPAL NETWORKS AFFECTED DURING COGNITIVE ENHANCEMENT BY PPARγ AGONISM WITH ROSIGLITAZONE (2014)

Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) in Late Onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD) have revealed several loci as potentially important risk factors. While these studies focus on genetic perturbations associated with disease risk, the link between these polymorphisms and their gene and protein products remains largely unknown. Furthermore, the effect of expression of these products on AD pathology in animal models has yet to be reported. In the present work, we used systems biology and bioinformatics approaches to assess the networks and nodes that emerge from an analysis of the gene and gene products of the GWAS LOAD loci in AD and in the Tg2576 mouse model for AD amyloidosis. We used the collective published GWAS LOAD loci with the bioinformatics tool Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, the most extensively curated database of genes and protein interactions, to study 27 the pathways and networks regulated by products of the cognate genes. We compared these pathways to those regulated by the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone during cognitive enhancement in the Tg2576 mouse model. We found extensive interrelationships between the pathways regulated by nearly all these loci in humans. The proximal promoters of nearly all of these genes contain PPARγ response elements (PPREs) and cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CBP) response elements (CREs). This is reminiscent of our previous analysis of the Tg2576 dentate gyrus proteome and transcriptome that is induced in response to cognitive-enhancing treatment with RSG that led us to discover that the PPARγ and ERK/CREB/CBP signaling axes converge to enhance cognition. We found that these key integrators of cognitive performance in the Tg2576 model were central nodes within the GWAS LOAD loci network. These findings suggest the intriguing possibility that these GWAS LOAD loci may represent a functionally interrelated network with the PPARγ and ERK/CREB/CBP signaling axes. The molecular determinants of the convergence of these pathways may represent new targets for therapeutic intervention in cognitive enhancement in AD.
Techniques d'optimisation de formes d'antennes lentilles intégrées (2006)

National audience
Measurement of effectiveness for training simulations (2013)

This paper presents and discusses experimental designs, measures, and measurement methods for determining the effectiveness of training simulators. First, we describe experimental designs in which training effects of training simulators are compared to those of conventional training. Next, the most commonly used metrics for quantifying the potential beneficial effects of training applications are explicated. We also present and discuss three main categories of measurement methods that may be used to assess the beneficial effects of new ways of training on transfer or training effectiveness; that is, methods based on measurement of learning performance of trainees, methods focusing on the synthetic training device or overall training program itself, and ratings or questionnaires focusing on the subjective evaluations of trainees. All designs, metrics, and measurement methods have their specific advantages and limitations, which may make them highly complementary. In general, one should always be aware of the advantages and drawbacks of each method and consider the most appropriate combination of methods for each study, given the main research questions. Therefore, various types of measurement techniques should be used in combination with each other for effective results in order to meet reliability and validity requirements of training effectiveness studies. Finally, we give some examples of practical approaches and draw conclusions on best practices.
Head parameter sensitivity study of the intrinsic field reversal time (1999)

Studies to establish the key head sensitivity parameters affecting the intrinsic field reversal time are reported. The effect of supply voltage, eddy current damping, head moment, and turns are investigated using the nonlinear, eddy current damped, thin-film write head model proposed by Klaassen and Hirko [IEEE Trans. Magn. 32, 3524 (1996)]. The model is realized using PSPICE circuit simulation. Eddy current time constant dependencies derived by Wood, Williams, and Hong [IEEE Trans. Magn. 26, 2954 (1990)] are used to explore materials with magnetizations ranging from 4πMS=10–20 kG, resistivities of 25 and 125 μΩ-cm and heads with 10–15 turns. Confirmation of the above writer sensitivities has been investigated using a short yoke 37 turn, high moment, low eddy current CoTaZr inductive head. From the experimentally determined model parameters, rise time results are computed for an improved 10 turn writer design. The results are shown to approach or exceed the limiting dynamics of the spin system.
Context-driven fusion of high spatial and spectral resolution images based on oversampled multiresolution analysis (2002)

This paper compares two general and formal solutions to the problem of fusion of multispectral images with high-resolution panchromatic observations. The former exploits the undecimated discrete wavelet transform, which is an octave bandpass representation achieved from a conventional discrete wavelet transform by omitting all decimators and upsampling the wavelet filter bank. The latter relies on the generalized Laplacian pyramid, which is another oversampled structure obtained by recursively subtracting from an image an expanded decimated lowpass version. Both the methods selectively perform spatial-frequencies spectrum substitution from an image to another. In both schemes, context dependency is exploited by thresholding the local correlation coefficient between the images to be merged, to avoid injection of spatial details that are not likely to occur in the target image. Unlike other multiscale fusion schemes, both the present decompositions are not critically subsampled, thus avoiding possible impairments in the fused images, due to missing cancellation of aliasing terms. Results are presented and discussed on SPOT data.
<title>Hierarchical temporal video segmentation and content characterization</title> (1997)

This paper addresses the segmentation of a video sequence into shots, specification of edit effects and subsequent characterization of shots in terms of color and motion content. The proposed scheme uses DC images extracted from MPEG compressed video and performs an unsupervised clustering for the extraction of camera shots. The specification of edit effects, such as fade-in/out and dissolve is based on the analysis of distribution of mean value for the luminance components. This step is followed by the representation of visual content of temporal segments in terms of key frames selected by similarity analysis of mean color histograms. For characterization of the similar temporal segments, motion and color characteristics are classified into different categories using a set of different features derived from motion vectors of triangular meshes and mean histograms of video shots.
Convergent One-Pot Oxidative [n + 1] Approaches to Spiroacetal Synthesis (2015)

Two one-pot oxidative annulative approaches to spiroacetal synthesis are described. One approach uses a Lewis acid mediated Ferrier reaction in the fragment-coupling stage followed by DDQ-promoted oxidative carbon-hydrogen bond cleavage and cyclization. An alternative approach employs a Heck reaction for fragment coupling followed by DDQ-mediated enone formation and cyclization. These strategies provide convergent routes to common subunits in natural products, medicinal agents, and chemical libraries under mild reaction conditions.
Recent Advances in PRRS Virus Receptors and the Targeting of Receptor–Ligand for Control (2021)

Cellular receptors play a critical role in viral infection. At least seven cellular molecules have been identified as putative viral entry mediators for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Accumulating data indicate that among these candidates, CD163, a cysteine-rich scavenger receptor on macrophages, is the major receptor for PRRSV. This review discusses the recent advances and understanding of the entry of PRRSV into cells, viral pathogenesis in CD163 gene-edited swine, and CD163 as a potential target of receptor-ligand for the control of PRRS.
A Bond Graph Modelling Of Pneumatic Passive And Semiactive Vehicle Suspensions (1982)

Semi-active suspensions (as opposed to purely active or passive) have recently been successfully applied to the vibration isolation of ground transportation vehicles [1,3,4,5]. In the present work, a digital computer model of a vehicle incorporating passive and semi-active suspensions is developed using bond-graph modeling techniques. Special attention has been devoted to the modeling of a pneumatic semi-active actuator consisting of a piston-cylinder combination and a controller, composed of an electromagnetic torque motor and a valve. A two-port C-field was used to model actuator compliances caused by air compressibility and air flows, whereas a CR-field summarized the control valve action. From the developed bond graph model the set of corresponding nonlinear differential equations describing the semi-actively suspended vehicle was easily obtained.
“Purple Stem,” a New Indicator of Soybean Stem Resistance to Bean Flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) (1984)

A purple pigment in the stem epidermis of wild soybean, Glycine soja Sieb and Zuec., varieties indicates that the underlying tissue contain specific traits for resistance to the agromyzid bean fly, Ophiomyia centrosematis (de Meijere). The anthocyanidin malvidin was identified as the cause of the purple color. This situation demonstrates interrelationships among this flavonoid and lignins and polyphenols which contribute to insect resistance in the stem of soybean.
Characterization of Conserved Region 2-Deficient Mutants of the Cytomegalovirus Egress Protein pM53 (2012)

Dominant-negative (DN) mutants are powerful tools for studying essential protein-protein interactions. A systematic genetic screen of the essential murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) protein pM53 identified the accumulation of inhibitory mutations within conserved region 2 (CR2) and CR4. The strong inhibitory potential of these CR4 mutants is characterized by a particular phenotype. The DN effect of the small insertion mutations in CR2 was too weak to analyze (M. Popa, Z. Ruzsics, M. Lötzerich, L. Dölken, C. Buser, P. Walther, and U. H. Koszinowski, J. Virol. 84:9035-9046, 2010); therefore, the present study describes the construction of M53 alleles lacking CR2 (either completely or partially) and subsequent examination of the DN effect on MCMV replication upon conditional expression. Overexpression of CR2-deficient pM53 inhibited virus production by about 10,000-fold. This was due to interference with capsid export from the nucleus and viral genome cleavage/packaging. In addition, the fate of the nuclear envelopment complex in the presence of DN pM53 overexpression was analyzed. The CR2 mutants were able to bind to pM50, albeit to a lesser extent than the wild-type protein, and relocalized the wild-type nuclear envelope complex in infected cells. Unlike the CR4 DN, the CR2 DN mutants did not affect the stability of pM50.
Using digital-image analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to predict survival outcomes in primary melanoma. (2020)

10066 Background: Inclusion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) into AJCC staging criteria has been proposed due to evidence suggesting its prognostic significance. However, subjective inter-observer discordance prevents adoption of semi-quantitative TIL grading (e.g. absent, non-brisk, brisk) into clinical practice. We hypothesize that digital-image analysis (DIA) of TIL can provide a standardized, quantitative scoring system that more accurately predicts survival compared to currently used semi-quantitative grading methods. Methods: Clinical data and tumor specimens were analyzed from prospectively enrolled primary melanoma patients in the New York University Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group with median follow-up of 5 years. H&amp;E-stained slides were digitized using an Aperio ScanScope at 20X magnification. QuPath software was used for automated TIL quantification. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the improved prognostic value of TIL on recurrence-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Patients were separated into high- and low-TIL groups using a score threshold determined by the Youden Index. Results: 453 patients (18% stage I, 42% stage II, 40% stage III) were scored using automated TIL assessment and scores were significantly correlated with better RFS and OS per 10% increase in TIL (stage adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.92 [0.84-1.00] for RFS and aHR = 0.90 [0.83-0.99] for OS). A model combining TIL score with stage increased prognostic ability for both RFS (0.68 to 0.70, P = 0.02) and OS (0.62 to 0.64, P = 0.01), as assessed by concordance indices (C-index). Kaplan-Meier curves of high- ( &gt; 16.6%) versus low-TIL (≤16.6%) patients showed clear separation in RFS and OS (median RFS = 155 vs 48 months, P &lt; 0.001; median OS = 155 vs 89 months, P = 0.002). For comparison, a subset of the cohort (n = 250) was semi-quantitatively graded (absent, non-brisk, brisk) by an attending melanoma pathologist; however, this did not significantly differentiate RFS between groups (P &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: A standardized, quantitative TIL scoring system significantly improved prediction of RFS and OS in primary melanoma patients compared with semi-quantitative TIL grading. Incorporation of quantitative TIL scoring into prognostic algorithms, such as AJCC criteria, should be considered.
A 300 nW, 15 ppm/$^{\circ}$C, 20 ppm/V CMOS Voltage Reference Circuit Consisting of Subthreshold MOSFETs (2009)

A low-power CMOS voltage reference was developed using a 0.35 mum standard CMOS process technology. The device consists of MOSFET circuits operated in the subthreshold region and uses no resistors. It generates two voltages having opposite temperature coefficients and adds them to produce an output voltage with a near-zero temperature coefficient. The resulting voltage is equal to the extrapolated threshold voltage of a MOSFET at absolute zero temperature, which was about 745 mV for the MOSFETs we used. The temperature coefficient of the voltage was 7 ppm/degC at best and 15 ppm/degC on average, in a range from - 20 to 80degC. The line sensitivity was 20 ppm/V in a supply voltage range of 1.4-3 V, and the power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) was -45 dB at 100 Hz. The power dissipation was 0.3 muW at 80degC. The chip area was 0.05 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Our device would be suitable for use in subthreshold-operated, power-aware LSIs.
In situ GIWAXS analysis during spin-coating of solvent and additive effects on organic electronic thin-film microstructure evolution (2017)

The influence of solvent and processing additive for spin-coating organic electronic polymer thin films is investigated by in situ grazing incident wide angle x-ray scattering (GIWAXS) techniques to assess how device optimization choices impact pathways and kinetics of crystallization, as well as the resulting morphology of organic electronic thin films. Films of PTB7, P3HT and p-DTS(FBTTh 2 ) 2 are spun from solutions in chloroform (CF), chlorobenzene (CB), and 1,2dichlorobenzene (DCB) and solutions with 1% and 3% v/v of the processing additives 1chloronapthalene (CN), diphenyl ether (DPE), and 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO). Through this in situ characterization multiple crystallization pathways are identified, with i) the single-solvent systems exhibiting rapid (i.e., <3s) crystallization after a solvent boiling point dependent film thinning transition, and ii) the solvent + additive mixture systems exhibiting different crystallization pathways with distinct intermediate morphological forms correlated with additive molecular structures and demonstrating crystallization formation times ranging from minutes (CN, DPE) up to hours (PTB7:DIO). It is also clear that the polymer/small molecule solution properties play a key role in how the additive interacts, demonstrated by solution self-aggregating PTB7, solution free-chain P3HT and small molecule p-DTS(FBTTh 2 ) 2 having divergent interactions with select additives. These results shed light on how spin casting parameters impact morphological formation and provide an important knowledge base that can be used by device engineers to better direct performance optimization studies.