gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of interleukin‐10 gene polymorphism on the development of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer in Japanese subjects (2006)

The IL-10-1082/-819/-592 genotype status and haplotype were associated with an increased risk for gastric cancer development, not peptic ulcer, in Japan. The genotyping test of this anti-inflammatory cytokine would be useful for the detection of individuals with higher risk of gastric cancer development.
Dispersionless Manipulation of Reflected Acoustic Wavefront by Subwavelength Corrugated Surface (2015)

Free controls of optic/acoustic waves for bending, focusing or steering the energy of wavefronts are highly desirable in many practical scenarios. However, the dispersive nature of the existing metamaterials/metasurfaces for wavefront manipulation necessarily results in limited bandwidth. Here, we propose the concept of dispersionless wavefront manipulation and report a theoretical, numerical and experimental work on the design of a reflective surface capable of controlling the acoustic wavefront arbitrarily without bandwidth limitation. Analytical analysis predicts the possibility to completely eliminate the frequency dependence with a specific gradient surface which can be implemented by designing a subwavelength corrugated surface. Experimental and numerical results, well consistent with the theoretical predictions, have validated the proposed scheme by demonstrating a distinct phenomenon of extraordinary acoustic reflection within an ultra-broad band. For acquiring a deeper insight into the underlying physics, a simple physical model is developed which helps to interpret this extraordinary phenomenon and predict the upper cutoff frequency precisely. Generations of planar focusing and non-diffractive beam have also been exemplified. With the dispersionless wave-steering capability and deep discrete resolution, our designed structure may open new avenue to fully steer classical waves and offer design possibilities for broadband optical/acoustical devices.
Nikon EUVL development progress update (2010)

Nikon has been developing the full field exposure tool called EUV1 for process development of 32nm hp node and beyond. The unique feature of EUV1 is the capability of variable illumination coherence and off-axis illumination. EUV1 was installed in Selete and used for EUV lithography process development. Nikon also has conducted continuous collaborative works with customers using EUV1. Since the last SPIE Symposium in 2009, many exposure results with EUV1 tools were obtained. They showed excellent resolution capability beyond 24nm L/S with off-axis illumination and stable overlay capability of 10nm (Mean + 3 sigma). Process development exposures of test chip patterns are ongoing. With regard to HVM tool development, imaging capability with high NA projection optics and throughput capability are reviewed.
Neutron background environment measured by the Mars Science Laboratory's Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons instrument during the first 100 sols (2013)

Abstract The Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instrument on board Mars Science Laboratory has been operating successfully since the landing and has been making measurements regularly along Curiosity's traverse at the surface. DAN measures thermal ( E &lt; 0.4 eV) and epithermal neutrons (0.4 eV &lt; E &lt; ~1 keV) while operating in two different modes: active and passive. The active mode uses a pulsed neutron generator (PNG) to study the geological characteristics of the subsurface. In the passive mode, DAN measures the background neutron environment. This paper presents results of measurements in the passive mode from landing through to sol 100 and provides an interpretation of the data based on extensive Monte Carlo simulations. The main observations are summarized as follows: (1) the thermal neutron counts vary strongly along the rover traverse while the epithermal counts do not show much variation; (2) the neutrons from the Multi‐Mission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (MMRTG) are a larger contributor to the DAN passive data than the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)‐induced neutrons; (3) for the MMRTG neutrons, both the thermal and the epithermal counts increase as a function of the subsurface water content; (4) on the other hand, for the GCR‐induced neutrons, the thermal counts increase but the epithermal counts decrease as a function of the subsurface water content; and (5) relative contributions by the MMRTG and GCR to the DAN thermal neutron counts at the Rocknest site, where the rover was stationed from sol 59 to sol 100, are estimated to be ~60% and ~40%, respectively.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Soluble Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Impact of Detection Method (2019)

The plasma soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a biomarker for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), but its value is under discussion because of ambiguous results arising from different ELISA methods in previous studies. The aim of this study was to compare diagnostic performance of two leading suPAR ELISA kits and examine four objectives in 146 subjects: (1) plasma suPAR levels according to glomerular disease (primary, secondary and recurrent FSGS after kidney transplantation, other glomerulonephritis) and in healthy controls; (2) suPAR levels based on glomerular filtration rate; (3) sensitivity and specificity of suPAR for FSGS diagnosis and determination of optimal cut-offs; (4) suPAR as prognostic tool. Patients with FSGS showed significant higher suPAR values than patients with other glomerulonephritis and healthy individuals. This applied to subjects with and without chronic kidney disease. Although both suPARnostic™ assay and Quantikine Human uPAR ELISA Kit exerted high sensitivity and specificity for FSGS diagnosis, their cut-off values of 4.644 ng/mL and 2.789 ng/mL were significantly different. Higher suPAR was furthermore predictive for progression to end-stage renal disease. In summary, suPAR values must be interpreted in the context of population and test methods used. Knowing test specific cut-offs makes suPAR a valuable biomarker for FSGS.
Identification of malicious web pages through analysis of underlying DNS and web server relationships (2008)

Malicious Web pages that launch drive-by-download attacks on Web browsers have increasingly become a problem in recent years. High-interaction client honeypots are security devices that can detect these malicious Web pages on a network. However, high-interaction client honeypots are both resource-intensive and unable to handle the increasing array of vulnerable clients. This paper presents a novel classification method for detecting malicious Web pages that involves inspecting the underlying server relationships. Because of the unique structure of malicious front-end Web pages and centralized exploit servers, merely counting the number of domain name extensions and Domain Name System (DNS) servers used to resolve the host names of all Web servers involved in rendering a page is sufficient to determine whether a Web page is malicious or benign, independent of the vulnerable Web browser targeted by these pages. Combining high-interaction client honeypots and this new classification method into a hybrid system leads to performance improvements.
Dimensions and sub-dimensions of emergency supply chain resilience: a case study of Médecins Sans Frontières Logistique during the COVID-19 pandemic (2023)

Purpose This paper aims to study the dimensions and subdimensions of humanitarian supply chain resilience through the case of an non-governmental organization (NGO) logistics organization facing the international COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach The methodology of this empirical research paper is based on a qualitative study using semistructured interviews with key actors of the Médecins Sans Frontières Logistique (MSF Log), NGO during the COVID-19 crisis in 2020 and 2021. Findings The data analysis highlighted four main dimensions of humanitarian supply chain resilience: organizational capacity, collaboration, flexibility and humanitarian culture. The transversal importance of the information system and that of the humanitarian culture were also pointed out. Furthermore, the authors have identified the subdimensions of each dimension; these subdimensions further elaborate the main dimension and provide a more detailed understanding of the concept. These dimensions require both proactive and reactive actions to be effective. Finally, based on these empirical results, a conceptual model of humanitarian supply chain resilience is proposed. Research limitations/implications Additionally, further research can be done to explore the impact of digital technologies on the humanitarian supply chain resilience and how these technologies can be used to improve the resilience of humanitarian supply chains. Additionally, future research can also be conducted to explore how to measure the resilience of humanitarian supply chains and how to develop methods to improve the resilience of these supply chains. Practical implications The dimensions and subdimensions of resilience that have been highlighted may provide a guide for managers to target their actions, both responsively and proactively, to act on resilience over time when facing a crisis such as an international pandemic. Originality/value The value of this research is linked to the findings that result not only from literature about resilience but are also founded on an empirical and qualitative study of an NGO logistics organization facing an international crisis. The research provides an in-depth understanding of the practical application of supply chain resilience in a humanitarian context and the specific challenges and opportunities that arose during the COVID-19 pandemic for MSF Log. It also highlights the importance of information systems and humanitarian culture in maintaining the supply chain resilience. The findings of this research can be used as a guide for other humanitarian organizations to improve their supply chain resilience in times of crisis.
Challenges for efficient communication in underwater acoustic sensor networks (2004)

Ocean bottom sensor nodes can be used for oceanographic data collection, pollution monitoring, offshore exploration and tactical surveillance applications. Moreover, Unmanned or Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (UUVs, AUVs), equipped with sensors, will find application in exploration of natural undersea resources and gathering of scientific data in collaborative monitoring missions. Underwater acoustic networking is the enabling technology for these applications. Underwater Networks consist of a variable number of sensors and vehicles that are deployed to perform collaborative monitoring tasks over a given area.In this paper, several fundamental key aspects of underwater acoustic communications are investigated. Different architectures for two-dimensional and three-dimensional underwater sensor networks are discussed, and the underwater channel is characterized. The main challenges for the development of efficient networking solutions posed by the underwater environment are detailed at all layers of the protocol stack. Furthermore, open research issues are discussed and possible solution approaches are outlined.
Speaker diarization using unsupervised discriminant analysis of inter-channel delay features (2009)

When multiple microphones are available estimates of inter-channel delay, which characterise a speaker's location, can be used as features for speaker diarization. Background noise and reverberation can, however, lead to noisy features and poor performance. To ameliorate these problems, this paper presents a new approach to the discriminant analysis of delay features for speaker diarization. This novel and nonetheless unsupervised approach aims to increase speaker separability in delay-space. We assess the approach on subsets of four standard NIST RT datasets and demonstrate a relative improvement in diarization error rate of 25% on a separate evaluation set using delay features alone.
ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM AND ITS RELATION TO ORGAN VIABILITY IN HUMAN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION1 (1988)

The relationship between adenine nucleotide metabolism and ischemic damage was studied in human liver. Thirty transplanted grafts were divided into two groups according to their functional outcome. Cellular adenine nucleotide levels were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. During cold ischemia, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level was not correlated with graft function, but two grafts with low total adenine nucleotides (TAN) levels showed poor function after transplantation. After recirculation, the ATP level showed good recovery in grafts that functioned satisfactorily (n = 24, 5.47 +/- 1.51 mumol/g dry weight), but remained low in poorly functioning grafts (n = 6, 3.30 +/- 1.68 mumol/g dry weight) (P less than 0.01). The level of recovery of ATP was inversely related to the period of warm ischemia during implantation (P less than 0.01). Bile production, used as a parameter of initial function, was observed shortly after implantation in 17 of 24 grafts that functioned satisfactorily, but in only 1 of 6 poorly functioning grafts. It is concluded that loss of adenine nucleotides and lack of bile production during transplantation are good markers of damaged grafts in human liver transplantation.
Efficacy of robot-assisted fingers training in chronic stroke survivors: a pilot randomized-controlled trial (2015)

This study showed the potential efficacy of robot-assisted fingers training for hand and fingers rehabilitation and its feasibility to facilitate early rehabilitation for a wider population of stroke survivors; and hence, can be used to complement CIMT.
Scheduling for Minimum Total Loss Using Service Time Distributions (1974)

An analytic model of a single processor scheduling problem is investigated. The scheduling objective is to minimize the total loss incurred by a finite number of initially available requests when each request has an associated linear loss function. The assumptions of the model are that preemption is allowed with negligible loss of processor time, and that the distribution of actual service times is known for each class of requests. A request is associated with a class by any of its characteristics except its actual service time. A contrived example demonstrates that one reasonable scheduling rule does not always minimize expected total loss. The major results of the paper are the definition of a new scheduling rule based on the known service time distributions, and the proof that expected total loss is always minimized by using this new rule. Brief consideration is given to generalizations of the model in which new requests arrive randomly, and preemption requires a non-negligible amount of processor time.
A network-based integrated framework for predicting virus–prokaryote interactions (2020)

Metagenomic sequencing has greatly enhanced the discovery of viral genomic sequences; however, it remains challenging to identify the host(s) of these new viruses. We developed VirHostMatcher-Net, a flexible, network-based, Markov random field framework for predicting virus-prokaryote interactions using multiple, integrated features: CRISPR sequences and alignment-free similarity measures ([Formula: see text] and WIsH). Evaluation of this method on a benchmark set of 1462 known virus-prokaryote pairs yielded host prediction accuracy of 59% and 86% at the genus and phylum levels, representing 16-27% and 6-10% improvement, respectively, over previous single-feature prediction approaches. We applied our host prediction tool to crAssphage, a human gut phage, and two metagenomic virus datasets: marine viruses and viral contigs recovered from globally distributed, diverse habitats. Host predictions were frequently consistent with those of previous studies, but more importantly, this new tool made many more confident predictions than previous tools, up to nearly 3-fold more (<i>n</i> > 27 000), greatly expanding the diversity of known virus-host interactions.
The inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin by certain organic phosphorus esters (1954)

Research Article| June 01 1954 The inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin by certain organic phosphorus esters B. A. Kilby; B. A. Kilby 1Department of Biochemistry, 9 Hyde Terrace, Leeds 2 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar G. Youatt G. Youatt 1Department of Biochemistry, 9 Hyde Terrace, Leeds 2 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1954) 57 (2): 303–309. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0570303 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation B. A. Kilby, G. Youatt; The inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin by certain organic phosphorus esters. Biochem J 1 June 1954; 57 (2): 303–309. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0570303 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1954 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1954 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Longitudinal Epidemiological Study of Autism Subgroups Using Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) Score (2018)

Abstract Here we report the results of the subgroup analyses of an observational cohort of children whose parents completed the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) over the period of several years. A linear mixed effects model was used to evaluate longitudinal changes in ATEC scores within different patient subgroups. All groups decreased their mean ATEC score over time indicating improvement of symptoms, however there were significant differences between the groups. Younger children improved more than the older children. Children with milder ASD improved more than children with more severe ASD in the Communication subscale. There was no difference in improvement between females vs. males. One surprising finding was that children from developed English-speaking countries improved less than children from non-English-speaking countries.
A Key Lifetime Parameters Extraction Method for T/ R Module Based on Association Rule (2018)

The remaining useful lifetime prediction of T/ R module is of great significance for equipment support personnel to master current health status and improve the ability of maintenance support. In order to improve the accuracy of the remaining useful lifetime prediction, from the point of view of the key lifetime parameters that reflect the state degradation process of T/ R module, the extracting method of key lifetime parameters based on association rule is proposed. The validity of the extraction method is proved theoretically by analyzing the fault characteristics of T/ R module. The practicability of the extraction method is verified experimentally by comparing and analyzing the remaining useful lifetime prediction results obtained from two different extraction methods. The results of example analyses show that the method has the better description ability of a state degradation process, and can improve the accuracy of the remaining useful lifetime prediction for T/ R module.
Bulk Micromachined Vibration Driven Electromagnetic Energy Harvesters for Self-sustainable Wireless Sensor Node Applications (2013)

In this paper, two different electromagnetic energy harvesters using bulk micromachined silicon spiral springs and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) packaging technique have been fabricated, characterized, and compared to generate electrical energy from ultra-low ambient vibrations under 0.3g. The proposed energy harvesters were comprised of a highly miniaturized Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB) magnet, silicon spiral spring, multi-turned copper coil, and PDMS housing in order to improve the electrical output powers and reduce their sizes/volumes. When an external vibration moves directly the magnet mounted as a seismic mass at the center of the spiral spring, the mechanical energy of the moving mass is transformed to electrical energy through the 183 turns of solenoid copper coils. The silicon spiral springs were applied to generate high electrical output power by maximizing the deflection of the movable mass at the low level vibrations. The fabricated energy harvesters using these two different spiral springs exhibited the resonant frequencies of 36Hz and 63Hz and the optimal load resistances of 99Ω and 55Ω, respectively. In particular, the energy harvester using the spiral spring with two links exhibited much better linearity characteristics than the one with four links. It generated 29.02μW of output power and 107.3mV of load voltage at the vibration acceleration of 0.3g. It also exhibited power density and normalized power density of 48.37μW·cm-3 and 537.41μW·cm- 3·g-2, respectively. The total volume of the fabricated energy harvesters was 1cm x 1cm x 0.6cm (height).
Upper face rejuvenation using botulinum toxin and hyaluronic acid fillers (2012)

The demand for facial rejuvenation is increasing, with each passing day, in all age groups. A number of procedures like chemical peels, microdermabrasion, laser and light therapies, and minimally invasive procedures like botulinum toxin injections (BTX A) and hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are being extensively used by the dermatologist and plastic surgeons to meet this growing demand. A good knowledge of use of these techniques is becoming imperative for the dermatologist. In the present article, we discuss in detail the use of botulinum toxin injections and hyaluronic acid fillers for rejuvenation of upper face. Special emphasis has been placed on the complications associated with treatment of each area and on how to manage the same.