gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wavy Leading Edge Airfoils Interacting with Anisotropic Turbulence (2017)

Leading edge noise reductions caused by serrations have been shown to be sensitive to the length scales of vortical disturbances. In order to improve the understanding of wavy leading edge airfoils as a noise reduction technology, this paper examines the effects of anisotropy on turbulence-airfoil interaction noise by means of computational aeroacoutic simulations. A synthetic turbulence method is used to generate fully three-dimensional, divergence-free, homogeneous anisotropic turbulence, which is injected in a linearized Euler equation solver to model the noise generation. Moderate variations in turbulence length scales, which are representative of the anisotropy in aero-engine fan wakes, are tested for a NACA 0012 airfoil with a wavy leading edge. This work focuses on the noise sources in the near-field by examining the distortion of the turbulent structures and velocity spectra in the vicinity of the noise sources, the unsteady pressure and its spectral density on the airfoil surface, the magnitude-squared coherence between velocity and pressure fluctuations on the noise sources, and the correlation between noise sources along the span for various degrees of anisotropy. Numerical results show that small variations in the turbulence length scales can produce significant changes in the spectral content of the noise sources at the peak and root regions. The loudest noise source is always located in the root region for the cases examined and this source is mainly affected by the transverse velocity fluctuations. To reduce the correlation between noise sources in the peak and root regions, the ratio between the chordwise length scale and the amplitude of the serrations, and the ratio between the spanwise length scale and the wavelength of the leading edge should satisfy lx/(2hw) &lt; 1 and lz/λw ≤ 0.5, respectively. © 2017, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.
Dietary fibre and colorectal adenoma in a colorectal cancer early detection programme (2003)

Peters, Ulrike; Sinha, Rashmi; Chatterjee, Nilanjan; Subar, Amy F; Ziegler, Regina G; Kulldorff, Martin; Bresalier, Robert; Weissfeld, Joel L; Flood, Andrew; Schatzkin, Arthur; Hayes, Richard B for the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial Project Team
Institute White Pages as a System Administration Problem (1996)

With the planned departure of our mainframe, we had to find a new way to maintain and generate our Institute Telephone directory. This gave us the opportunity to examine every aspect of the directory generation process, and make changes to improve the accuracy of the data, reduce the clerical workload in Telecommunications and Human Resources and eliminate some duplication of data and effort. Given that we already had an Oracle based system to automatically create and remove Unix userids for all employees as they are hired and leave, it seemed that with some minor enhancements, this same system could also maintain our directory information.

To this end, we added a directory module to our Simon Account management system that extracts directory information from the Human Resources database, adds additional non employee information and generates LaTeX source for the printed phone book, HTML pages for the web and a raw feed for the ph server. In addition, using techniques developed for some of our system administration tools, we gave both individual staff members, and their departmental administrators, the ability to make changes and corrections to their own directory information, which would not only appear in the directories, but also be reflected in the official Human Resource database. This has greatly reduced the delays and paperwork involved in changing this information, and allows us to have accurate and up to date directories. As an added bonus, many of our traditional systems administration tools can now directly query the directory information and include contact info in the displays automatically.
Au/MXene based ultrafast all-optical switching (2023)

All-optical switches have arisen great attention due to their ultrafast speed as compared with electric switches. However, the excellent optical properties and strong interaction of two-dimensional (2D) material MXene show great potentials in next-generation all-optical switching. As a solution, we propose all-optical switching used Au/MXene with switching full width at half maximum (FWHM) operating at 290 fs. Compared with pure MXene, the Au/MXene behaves outstanding performances due to local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), including broadband differential transmission, strong near-infrared on/off ratio enhancement. Remarkably, this study enhances understanding of Au/MXene based ultrafast all-optical switching red-shifted about 34 nm in comparison to MXene, validating all optical properties of Au/MXene opening the way to the implementation of optical interconnection and optical switching.
A 7-MHz process, temperature and supply compensated clock oscillator in 0.25 μm CMOS (2003)

This paper reports on the design and implementation of a process, temperature and supply compensated 7-MHz clock oscillator in a 0.25 /spl mu/m, double poly, 5-metal CMOS process. The clock generator is based on a 3-stage differential ring oscillator. The compensation technique incorporates a unique combination of a process corner sensing scheme and a temperature compensating network to appropriately change the control voltage of the differential ring oscillator. Measurements made across a temperature range of -40/spl deg/C to 125/spl deg/C and 64 samples collected over 3 runs indicate an average variation of /spl plusmn/0.82% (/spl plusmn/46 ppm//spl deg/C) in the clock frequency with temperature, /spl plusmn/2.1% with process across chips at room temperature, and a worst-case combined variation of /spl plusmn/2.6% (with process, temperature and supply). The variation of frequency with power supply was /spl plusmn/0.31% for a supply voltage range of 2.4-2.75 V. The measurement results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The oscillator is intended to serve as a start-up clock for microcontroller applications.
Structural study of a new antitumor antibiotic, kazusamycin. (1985)

The structure of a new antitumor antibiotic, kazusamycin produced by Streptomyces sp. No. 81-484, was determined on the basis of its spectral and chemical properties. Kazusamycin has a structure characteristic of an unsaturated, branched-chain fatty acid with a terminal delta-lactone ring.
Utility of 11C-methionine and 11C-donepezil for imaging of Staphylococcus aureus induced osteomyelitis in a juvenile porcine model: comparison to autologous 111In-labelled leukocytes, 99m Tc-DPD, and 18F-FDG. (2016)

The aim of this study was to compare <sup>11</sup>C-methionine and <sup>11</sup>C-donepezil positron emission tomography (PET) with <sup>111</sup>In-labeled leukocyte and <sup>99<i>m</i></sup> Tc-DPD (Tc-99m 3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanedicarboxylic acid) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG) PET to improve detection of osteomyelitis. The tracers' diagnostic utility where tested in a juvenile porcine hematogenously induced osteomyelitis model comparable to osteomyelitis in children. Five 8-9 weeks old female domestic pigs were scanned seven days after intra-arterial inoculation in the right femoral artery with a porcine strain of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. The sequential scan protocol included Computed Tomography, <sup>11</sup>C-methionine and <sup>11</sup>C-donepezil PET, <sup>99<i>m</i></sup> Tc-DPD and <sup>111</sup>In-labelled leukocytes scintigraphy, and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET. This was followed by necropsy of the pigs and gross pathology, histopathology, and microbial examination. The pigs developed a total of 24 osteomyelitic lesions, 4 lesions characterized as contiguous abscesses and pulmonary abscesses (in two pigs). By comparing the 24 osteomyelitic lesions, <sup>18</sup>F-FDG accumulated in 100%, <sup>111</sup>In-leukocytes in 79%, <sup>11</sup>C-methionine in 79%, <sup>11</sup>C-donepezil in 58%, and <sup>99<i>m</i></sup> Tc-DPD in none. Overall, <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET was superior to <sup>111</sup>In-leukocyte SPECT and <sup>11</sup>C-methionine in marking infectious lesions.
Organotypic cultures of diploid type II alveolar pneumonocytes: surfactant associated esterase activity. (1979)

Organotypic cultures, established from enzymatically dispersed day 19 fetal rat lung, are comprised primarily of cells which are morphologically similar to type II alveolar pneumonocytes, the cells involved in surfactant synthesis. To further characterize these cultures, the nonspecific esterase pool was examined to determine if these cultures contained certain nonspecific esterases previously shown to be enzyme markers for the surfactant system. The results of biochemical, electrophoretic and cytochemical studies indicate that these organotypic cultures contain the same nonspecific esterases already demonstrated in surface active fractions derived from rat and mouse lung homogenates and pulmonary lavage fluid. As in whole lung, the major site of esterase activity in the organotypic cultures is the type II cell lamellar body, the putative site of surfactant synthesis and storage. These findings support the concept that the organotypic cultures derived from fetal rat lung are comprised predominantly of type II cells which retain surfactant associated functions in vitro.
Use of a nasogastric tube and a Nelaton catheter for esophageal reconstruction. (1991)

An effective technique for leading a nasogastric decompression tube using an endoscopic foreign-body or biopsy forceps guided Nelaton catheter during esophageal reconstruction is described herein. This technique is both time-saving and avoids unnecessary mucosal damage to the esophagus.
Electrical and Structural Studies of Laser-debonded GaN Light Emitting Diodes (2006)

We report experimental investigation of laser-assisted debonding of GaN-based light emitting diodes grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on sapphire substrates. Transmission electron microscopy is employed to characterize the laser affected zone of the debonded LEDs. The findings from TEM studies are in good agreement with our thermal analysis predictions. The as-debonded surface is then roughened by photo-electro chemical (PEC) wet etching to form nano-scaled hexagonal pyramid structures and this morphology is found to be useful for light extraction on LEDs.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Trabectedin and Its C Subunit Modified Analogue PM01183 Attenuate Nucleotide Excision Repair and Show Activity toward Platinum-Resistant Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Trabectedin and Its C Subunit Modified Analogue PM01183 Attenuate Nucleotide Excision Repair and Show Activity toward Platinum-Resistant Cells
Pitch and TDOA-based localization of acoustic sources with distributed arrays (2015)

In this paper, a method for acoustic source localization using distributed microphone arrays based on time-differences of arrival (TDOAs) is presented. The TDOAs are used to estimate the location of an acoustic source using a recently proposed method, based on a 4D parameter space defined by the 3D location of the source, and the TDOAs. The performance of the proposed method for acoustic source localization is compared to the performance of a method based on generalized cross-correlation with phase transform (GCC-PHAT) using synthetic and speech signals with varying source position. Results show a decrease in the error of the estimated position when the proposed method is used.
Abstract 9610: Aortic Stiffness and Increased Left Ventricular Mass Predict Progress From Prehypertension to Hypertension (2014)

Introduction: Whether aortic stiffness and increased left ventricular (LV) mass can predict progress from prehypertension to hypertension is not well investigated. Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to find predictors of hypertension and evaluate the clinical implications of aortic stiffness and increased LV mass in disease-free prehypertensive population. Methods: 510 prehypertensive subjects in the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study (KoGES) were observed for four years. In addition to clinical information, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left atrial volume index (LAVI), aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and other cardiovascular characteristics were obtained at baseline. Baseline clinical and cardiovascular characteristics were compared between subjects that developed hypertension and did not, and independent predictors of hypertension were determined. Results: Out of 510 participants, 237 subjects developed hypertension during four years (46%). After multivariate adjustment, high range prehypertension (OR=4.27 [2.63-9.63], p=0.000), 5th quintile of LAVI (OR=3.38 [1.63-7.04], p=0.001), 5th quintile of LVMI (OR=2.982 [1.399-6.359], p=0.005), 4th (OR=2.881 [1.372-6.049], p=0.005) and 5th quintiles of PWV (OR=2.283 [1.067-4.885], p=0.033) predicted development of hypertension. Subjects in low range prehypertension at baseline and hypertension at the final visit (“fast increase in blood pressure (BP)”) had the highest baseline LVMI, while those with high range prehypertension at baseline and not-hypertension at the final visit ("slow increase in BP") had the lowest baseline LVMI (p=0.005 for fast BP increase vs. slow BP increase). Conclusions: In prehypertensive population, presence of aortic stiffness and increased LV mass independently predicted development of hypertension. Further, increased LVMI at baseline was correlated with fast increase in BP in the future. PWV and echocardiography should be performed to recognize subjects at high risk of hypertension, because they possibly benefit from pre-emptive medical treatment.
RELATIONSHIP OF SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES AND HEAD-LICE INFESTATION AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN BET SHEMESH (1993)

ABSTRACT Fifty-seven children infested with live lice and eggs and 57 noninfested controls, ages 6–11, attending an elementary school in Bet Shemesh, a medium-sized community near Jerusalem, were compared. Children of fathers with fewer years of schooling, children whose fathers were born in Israel, and children of younger mothers were all at higher risk of infestation. However, head-lice infestation was not significantly associated with gender of the child, father's and mother's occupations, mother's years of schooling, size of the family, or number of siblings under age 14.
Detection of DNA gains and losses in primary endometrial carcinomas by comparative genomic hybridization (1997)

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used in a retrospective analysis of chromosomal imbalances in frozen primary tumor specimens from 14 endometrial carcinoma patients. Chromosome changes were detected in nine cases (64%), and tumor stage and grade tended to parallel the degree of genomic imbalances. Gain of the entire long arm of chromosome 1 was observed in six cases (43%), three of which displayed only this chromosome change. Other common sites of copy number increases included 8q21-->qter (4 cases), 10p15 (4 cases), 10q11-->q24 (3 cases), and 13q21-->qter (3 cases, each with stage III disease). Two of the tumors with gains of chromosome 10 involved the whole chromosome, and this was the sole abnormality in one case. DNA amplification at 5p14-->p15 was identified in one specimen, a stage III tumor having numerous imbalances. DNA microsatellite analysis revealed multiple replication errors (RER), indicative of the RER+ phenotype, in four of 13 (31%) cases evaluated. The RER+ phenotype was observed in four of six stage la tumors but in none of seven stage Ib or stage III tumors. Multiple genomic imbalances detected by CGH were not observed in RER+ tumors but were detected in five of nine tumors without the RER+ phenotype. These investigations demonstrate the feasibility of CGH for the retrospective assessment of chromosomal changes in endometrial carcinoma specimens. Moreover, these data suggest that the etiologies in tumors with and without the RER+ phenotype may differ.
In Situ Electron Holography and EELS of Hetero-Interfaces in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (2012)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.
Anxiolytic effects of Equisetum arvense Linn. extracts in mice. (2011)

The petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (CH), ethanol (ETH) and water extracts of E. arvense stems were evaluated for anti-anxiety activity in mice using elevated plus maze model. Ketamine induced hypnosis and actophotometer was used to evaluate sedative effect with various extracts in mice. The results were compared with standard drug diazepam. The ethanolic extract of E. arvense (50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly increased the time-spent and the percentage of the open arm entries in the elevated plus-maze model which was comparable to diazepam. Ethanolic extract (100 mg/kg) prolonged the ketamine-induced total sleeping time and decreased the locomotor activity in mice. The results suggest that the ethanolic extract of E. arvense seems to possess anxiolytic effect with lower sedative activity than that of diazepam. The results could be attributed to the flavonoid content of the ethanolic extract.
Huntington’s Disease – New Perspectives Based on Neuroendocrine Changes in Rodent Models (2009)

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin gene. Although it is characterized by progressive motor impairments, cognitive changes and psychiatric disturbances are major components of the disease. In addition, recent studies have shown that other non-motor symptoms such as alterations in sleep pattern, disruption of the circadian rhythm and increased energy metabolism are common and occur early. Emerging evidence suggests that the latter symptoms are likely results of disturbed functions of the hypothalamus and neuroendocrine circuits, which are known to be central in the regulation of emotion, sleep and metabolism. Whereas clinical data are essential to define key pathological features of HD, animal models that can recapitulate the neurobiological and behavioral features of the disorder are critical tools to elucidate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Recent studies employing different HD rodent models have been instrumental in identifying a number of neuroendocrine alterations as well as in highlighting novel potential disease pathways. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge derived from neuroendocrine studies in rodent models of HD in light of clinical relevance and points to future implications for this emerging field.
LONG-TERM OUTCOME OF KIDNEY-PANCREAS TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS WITH GOOD GRAFT FUNCTION AT ONE YEAR (1996)

To assess the long-term outcome of kidney/pancreas transplantation, patients were identified who had good graft function at one year posttransplant and a minimum of 3 years' follow-up. Fifty recipients from 1987-92 met these criteria. Records were reviewed for graft survival, graft function, readmissions, and medical complications. Psychosocial adjustment and quality of life were assessed using the SCL-90-R and SIP surveys, respectively. Patient, kidney, and pancreas survivals were 94%, 86%, and 85% at five years (Kaplan-Meier), with a mean follow-up of 4.3 years. The 3 deaths were due to 2 sudden arrests at home (presumed to be cardiac events) and 1 episode of sepsis. Other graft losses were due to rejection, except for one case of sepsis. The remaining patients are normoglycemic (glucose 92 +/- 23 mg/dl) and have a creatinine of 1.8 +/- 0.6 mg/dl. Mortality after the first year was 0.9%/year. Estimated kidney and pancreas half-lives were 15 +/- 2 and 23 +/- 7 years, respectively. Hospitalization, acute rejection, graft pancreatitis, dehydration, and severe infections all decreased dramatically after the first year. While CMV was the most common infection in the first year, foot infections predominated thereafter. Retinal hemorrhage was infrequent. Sudden death (presumably cardiac) was the chief cause of mortality, while peripheral vascular disease resulted in several amputations. Fractures were common, suggesting the need for increased attention to bone demineralization. Psychosocial and quality of life evaluations were within normal limits. In conclusion, most complications specifically related to transplantation occur in the first year, but underlying disease renders these patients susceptible to a variety of cardiovascular, bone, and other disorders.
Visual exploration of frequent patterns in multivariate time series (2012)

The detection of frequently occurring patterns, also called motifs, in data streams has been recognized as an important task. To find these motifs, we use an advanced event encoding and pattern discovery algorithm. As a large time series can contain hundreds of motifs, there is a need to support interactive analysis and exploration. In addition, for certain applications, such as data center resource management, service managers want to be able to predict the next day’s power consumption from the previous months’ data. For this purpose, we introduce four novel visual analytics methods: (i) motif layout – using colored rectangles for visualizing the occurrences and hierarchical relationships of motifs; (ii) motif distortion – enlarging or shrinking motifs for visualizing them more clearly; (iii) motif merging – combining a number of identical adjacent motif instances to simplify the display; and (iv) pattern preserving prediction – using a pattern-preserving smoothing and prediction algorithm to provide a reliable prediction for seasonal data. We have applied these methods to three real-world datasets: data center chilling utilization, oil well production, and system resource utilization. The results enable service managers to interactively examine motifs and gain new insights into the recurring patterns to analyze system operations. Using the above methods, we have also predicted both power consumption and server utilization in data centers with an accuracy of 70–80%.
Role of van der Waals forces in the adsorption and diffusion of organic molecules on an insulating surface (2009)

The adsorption and diffusion of 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on a nanostructured KBr (001) surface were investigated by combining noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) and first-principles calculations. Atomically resolved measurements demonstrate trapping of PTCDA molecules in intentionally created rectangular monolayer-deep substrate pits and a preferential adsorption at kink sites. In order to understand the experimental results, we found that it was essential to include a first-principles treatment of the van der Waals interactions. We show that at some sites on the surface, 85% of the molecular binding is provided by van der Waals interactions, and in general it is always the dominant contribution to the adsorption energy. It also qualitatively changes molecular diffusion on the surface. Based on the specificity of the molecular interaction at kink sites, the species of the imaged ionic sublattice in the NC-AFM measurements could be identified.