gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intranasal insulin enhances brain functional connectivity mediating the relationship between adiposity and subjective feeling of hunger (2017)

Brain insulin sensitivity is an important link between metabolism and cognitive dysfunction. Intranasal insulin is a promising tool to investigate central insulin action in humans. We evaluated the acute effects of 160 U intranasal insulin on resting-state brain functional connectivity in healthy young adults. Twenty-five lean and twenty-two overweight and obese participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging, on two separate days, before and after intranasal insulin or placebo application. Insulin compared to placebo administration resulted in increased functional connectivity between the prefrontal regions of the default-mode network and the hippocampus as well as the hypothalamus. The change in hippocampal functional connectivity significantly correlated with visceral adipose tissue and the change in subjective feeling of hunger after intranasal insulin. Mediation analysis revealed that the intranasal insulin induced hippocampal functional connectivity increase served as a mediator, suppressing the relationship between visceral adipose tissue and hunger. The insulin-induced hypothalamic functional connectivity change showed a significant interaction with peripheral insulin sensitivity. Only participants with high peripheral insulin sensitivity showed a boost in hypothalamic functional connectivity. Hence, brain insulin action may regulate eating behavior and facilitate weight loss by modifying brain functional connectivity within and between cognitive and homeostatic brain regions.
Dual mixer downconversion architecture using complex mixing signals: enabling solutions for software defined radios (2003)

A dual mixer architecture using complex mixing functions to perform RF downconversion is described. This architecture eliminates the need for the image-reject and IF filters present in the heterodyne architecture, while achieving better LO leakage, 1/f noise. and second-order intercept performance than the direct conversion architecture. This architecture, implemented in a 1.8 V, 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process, achieves a maximum IIP2 of 85 dBm, a baseband 1/f noise corner frequency of less than 100 kHz, a LO-RF leakage equaling -138 dBm, and an operating frequency ranging from 400 MHz to 2.5 GHz.
Project-based Learning within a Large-Scale Interdisciplinary Research Effort (2014)

The modern engineering landscape increasingly requires a range of skills to successfully integrate complex systems. Project-based learning is used to help students build professional skills. However, it is typically applied to small teams and small efforts. This paper describes an experience in engaging a large number of students in research projects within a multi-year interdisciplinary research effort. The projects expose the students to various disciplines in Computer Science (embedded systems, algorithm design, networking), Electrical Engineering (circuit design, wireless communications, hardware prototyping), and Applied Physics (thin-film battery design, solar cell fabrication). While a student project is usually focused on one discipline area, it requires interaction with at least two other areas. Over 5 years, 180 semester-long projects have been completed. The students were a diverse group of high school, undergraduate, and M.S. Computer Science, Computer Engineering, and Electrical Engineering students. Some of the approaches that were taken to facilitate student learning are real-world system development constraints, regular cross-group meetings, and extensive involvement of Ph.D. students in student mentorship and knowledge transfer. To assess the approaches, a survey was conducted among the participating students. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approaches. For example, 70% of the students surveyed indicated that working on their research project improved their ability to function on multidisciplinary teams more than coursework, internships, or any other activity.
General-Purpose MCMC Inference over Relational Structures (2012)

Tasks such as record linkage and multi-target tracking, which involve reconstructing the set of objects that underlie some observed data, are particularly challenging for probabilistic inference. Recent work has achieved efficient and accurate inference on such problems using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques with customized proposal distributions. Currently, implementing such a system requires coding MCMC state representations and acceptance probability calculations that are specific to a particular application. An alternative approach, which we pursue in this paper, is to use a general-purpose probabilistic modeling language (such as BLOG) and a generic Metropolis-Hastings MCMC algorithm that supports user-supplied proposal distributions. Our algorithm gains flexibility by using MCMC states that are only partial descriptions of possible worlds; we provide conditions under which MCMC over partial worlds yields correct answers to queries. We also show how to use a context-specific Bayes net to identify the factors in the acceptance probability that need to be computed for a given proposed move. Experimental results on a citation matching task show that our general-purpose MCMC engine compares favorably with an application-specific system. 1
Blockchain-Based Secure Energy Trading With Mutual Verifiable Fairness in a Smart Community (2022)

This article proposes an energy trading model basedon blockchain to manage and supervise the trading process. In the model, proof-of-energy reputation generation and proof-of-energy reputation consumption consensus mechanisms are proposed to solve the high computational cost and huge monetary investment issues created by the existing consensus mechanisms. Similarly, a mutual verifiable fairness mechanism based on time commitment is presented, which is introduced to prevent cheating attacks in the model. The proposed model’s performance is assessed using energy cost, peak-to-average ratio, and trust. The simulation results show that the energy cost of the proposed model decreases by 40%. The results for the load balancing depict that the values of peak-to-average ratio of the proposed model with 20% and 50% peak demand reduction are 6.88 and 3.50, which are lower than 9.17 of the benchmark model. Moreover, the proposed model’s results show satisfactory performance for privacy and security of the system.
Host Heterogeneous Ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) as a Potential Target to Suppress Hepatitis B Virus Replication (2005)

The evidence presented in this study describes a wider role for hnRNP K beyond maintenance of host cellular functions and may represent a novel target for pharmacologic intervention of HBV replication.
Role of Geometric Shape in Chiral Optics (2020)

The distinction of chiral and mirror symmetric objects is straightforward from a geometrical point of view. Since the biological as well as the optical activity of molecules strongly depend on their handedness, chirality has recently attracted high interest in the field of nano-optics. Various aspects of associated phenomena including the influences of internal and external degrees of freedom on the optical response have been discussed. Here, we propose a constructive method to evaluate the possibility of observing any chiral response from an optical scatterer. Based on solely the T-matrix of one enantiomer, planes of minimal chiral response are located and compared to geometric mirror planes. This provides insights into the relation of geometric and optical properties and enables identifying the potential of chiral scatterers for nano-optical experiments.
Low leakage current and saturated reverse characteristic in broad-area InGaAsP diodes (1980)

Low-leakage-current broad-area InGaAsP heterojunction diodes have been fabricated using an improved mesa fabrication technique. A few units exhibited a saturated reverse characteristic.
Technical note: the use of a compartmental model to estimate the de novo production rate of Nτ-methylhistidine in cattle2 (1992)

Urinary N tau-methylhistidine (NMH) excretion has been used as an index of muscle protein breakdown in cattle. An alternative means to estimate muscle proteolysis in cattle is to estimate the de novo production of NMH from plasma kinetics isotopically. Three crossbred steers (average 229 kg) were given a 5.0-mg bolus intravenous injection of [methyl-2H3-N tau-methylhistidine (d3-NMH), after which 16 serial blood samples and three consecutive 24-h urine samples were taken. The enrichment of NMH in plasma was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and compartmental analysis of the kinetic data was performed using the SAAM modeling program. The NMH production rates per day (NMHPR, micromoles per day) were 732, 782, and 725, and the fractional breakdown rates (FBR, percentage per day) were 1.61, 1.72, and 1.58 as determined by urinary excretion of NMH, by a three-pool catenary model (plasma kinetics, Model A), and by a more descriptive, three-pool model with two response curves (both plasma and urine kinetics, Model B), respectively. Model A and B estimates of NMHPR and FBR were similar (P greater than .25) to those of estimates obtained from urinary NMH excretion. Kinetic modeling also allows calculation of compartment mass and flux of NMH between compartments and indicates that when NMH exists the muscle pool it is rapidly excreted via the urine. In conclusion, kinetic modeling offers an alternative approach to estimating the NMH production rate.
Preamble Design and Detection for 5G Enabled Satellite Random Access (2020)

This paper deals with the crucial issue of random access (RA) preamble design and detection for fifth generation new radio (5G NR) enabled satellite communication systems. In consideration of the characteristics of satellite environment and system compatibility, a long preamble sequence is first constructed by cascading multiple different root Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences with large sub-carrier interval in time domain. Then, we further present a multiple sequence joint correlation (MSJC) based one-step timing detection scheme to effectively estimate the value of timing advance (TA), which is capable of flexibly adjusting the number of available ZC sequences involved in correlation operation. The superiority of the proposed method is mathematically validated in terms of robustness to carrier frequency offset (CFO), mitigation of noise, as well as computational complexity. Numerical results in a typical low-earth-orbit (LEO) based non-terrestrial network (NTN) scenario demonstrate that the proposed method, without the pre-compensation of timing and frequency offset, can achieve a remarkable timing performance improvement in comparison with the existing methods.
Video streaming with SP and SI frames (2005)

SP and SI frames are new picture types introduced in the latest video coding standard H.264. They allow drift-free bitstream switching and can also be used for error-resilience and random access. We investigate the benefits of SI and SP frames for error resilience as compared to periodic I frame insertion. We discuss the rate-distortion performance of SI and SP frames based on empirical rate-distortion curved obtained with our implementation of an SP/SI frame encoder. Experiments carried out over a simulated bandwidth-limited network analyze the influence of loss rate and delay on the congestion-rate-distortion performance of streaming with SI and SP frames. Our results help identify scenarios for which SI and SP frames provide an attractive alternative to streaming with I frames.
Impact of Service Function Aging on the Dependability for MEC Service Function Chain (2022)

The Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) integrated architecture is a key enabling platform for 5G to run multiple customized services in the form of service function chain (SFC) configured as an ordered set of service functions (SFs). However, memory-related software aging in the SF that can be exploited by attackers becomes a new threat to the dependability of MEC-SFC services. To provide dependable MEC-SFC services, proactive rejuvenation techniques to counteract the SF aging problem are essential. In this paper, we develop a semi-Markov model to quantitatively investigate the transient availability and steady-state dependability (availability and reliability) of MEC-SFC services. Our model enables the analysis of a MEC-SFC with any number of SFs, and can capture complex time-dependent behaviors of aging, failure, and recovery. The approximate accuracies of the presented model on dependability measures are comprehensively evaluated through comparative studies with simulation experiments. We then detect potential bottlenecks for a MEC-SFC system through sensitivity analysis and further analyze the impact of event-time interval distributions on steady-state dependability. Finally, we investigate the transient behaviors of a MEC-SFC service when varying system parameters during MEC-SFC operation.
Privacy-aware environmental sound classification for indoor human activity recognition (2019)

This paper presents a comparative study on different feature extraction and machine learning techniques for indoor environmental sound classification. Compared to outdoor environmental sound classification systems, indoor systems need to pay special attention to power consumption and privacy. We consider feature calculation complexity, classification accuracy and privacy as evaluation metrics. To ensure privacy, we strip voice bands from sound input to make human conversations unrecognizable. With 5 classes of 2500 indoor audio events as input, our experimental results show that using SVM model with LPCC feature, 78% classification accuracy can be reached. Furthermore, the performance is improved to more than 85% by combining several simple features and dropping unreliable predictions, which only slightly increase the complexity.
Differences in Rubisco content and its synthesis in leaves at different positions in Eucalyptus globulus seedlings (2010)

The dynamics of ribulose 1.5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) content and turnover during leaf development are not well understood in woody plants. Rubisco synthesis, N influx and the mRNA levels of Rubisco-encoding genes were determined as a function of leaf position in 4.5-month-old Eucalyptus globulus seedlings. Rubisco concentration was slightly higher in the top leaves as leaf expansion progressed and was almost maximal in the uppermost fully expanded leaves. Rubisco concentration remained almost constant in the fully expanded leaves at the top and middle positions and then became slightly low at the lowest positions. Rubisco synthesis was active only in the top leaves. These results suggest that Rubisco turnover rate is low in the middle leaves, leading to the maintenance of Rubisco contents, and that Rubisco degradation primarily occurs in the lowest leaves. Changes in the RBCS and rbcL mRNA levels were roughly parallel with Rubisco synthesis, but N influx was more closely correlated with Rubisco synthesis. These results suggest that N influx rather than the transcript abundance of Rubisco-encoding genes is of primary importance in regulating the rate of Rubisco synthesis. Additionally, expression of RBCS multigene family in E. globulus leaves was discussed.
Association of the IL1 gene cluster with susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis: An analysis of three Canadian populations (2006)

These results indicate that the IL1 locus, or a locus close to IL1, is associated with susceptibility to AS.
Injectable Thermogelling Polymers for Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering (2018)

Injectable thermoresponsive hydrogels are elegant scaffolds for tissue engineering. Cells and biomolecules can be directly embedded in the gel precursor solution, which then gels at body temperature. Significant advances have been made in this field over the past two decades. The ease with which the hydrogel properties can be tailored has generated a number of different scaffolds for cartilage and bone tissue engineering, as well as for cardiac and neural applications. In this chapter, we provide a concise overview of the general properties of thermogels for tissue engineering applications. We focus on some of the materials developed for bone and cartilage tissue engineering, including pNiPAAm, chitosan, PEG-PGLA and PEG-PCL based thermogels. Interesting aspects of the gelling mechanism and original approaches are described, highlighting the importance of long term, in vivo investigations to assess biodegradability, cytotoxicity and the host response.
Self-assembled serum albumin–poly(l-lactic acid) nanoparticles: a novel nanoparticle platform for drug delivery in cancer (2015)

A new protein–hydrophobic polymeric nanoparticle platform BSA–PLLA NPs has been prepared. A large amount of BA was well encapsulated into the BSA–PLLA NPs. Moreover, the BSA–PLLA/BA NPs shows excellent antitumor activity.
Expression of the staphylococcal protein A gene in Bacillus subtilis by integration of the intact gene into the B. subtilis chromosome (1986)

Staphylococcal protein A was synthesized at high levels and was secreted efficiently into the culture medium by strains of Bacillus subtilis in which the cloned gene (spa) from Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4 was inserted into the chromosome. The spa gene could not be established in B. subtilis on multicopy plasmids.
On the symmetric information rate of two-dimensional finite state ISI channels (2004)

We derive upper and lower bounds on the symmetric information rate of a two-dimensional finite-state intersymbol-interference (ISI) channel model.
A new technique for manipulation and study of Drosophila melanogaster (1971)

Journal Article A new technique for manipulation and study of Drosophila melanogaster Get access H. D. SWANSON, H. D. SWANSON Department of Biology, Merrimack CollegeNorth Andover, Massachusetts 01845 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. A. SWANSON G. A. SWANSON Department of Biology, Merrimack CollegeNorth Andover, Massachusetts 01845 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 62, Issue 3, May 1971, Page 203, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/62.3.203 Published: 01 May 1971
A Review of Salivary Biomarker: A Tool for Early Oral Cancer Diagnosis (2017)

The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common epithelial malignancies with significant morbidity and mortality. Recent observations indicate that the clinical and histological appearance of oral mucosa may not truly depict the damage occurring at the genetic level. This phenotypic and genotypic disparity may account in part for the failure to establish effective screening and surveillance protocols, based on the traditional clinical and microscopic examination. The tumor markers are playing an increasingly important role in cancer detection and management. These laboratory-based tests are potentially useful in screening for early malignancy, aiding in cancer diagnosis, determining prognosis, surveillance following curative surgery for cancer, up-front predicting drug response or resistance, and monitoring therapy in advanced disease. A systematic review of the literature was performed based on the English titles listed in the PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane, Science Direct, ISI web Science, and SciELO databases using the keywords. Abstracts and full-text articles were assessed. This article may help to identify the potential biomarkers for screening and the molecular pathology analysis in the high-risk patients with the OSCC.
Interactive control of avatars animated with human motion data (2002)

Real-time control of three-dimensional avatars is an important problem in the context of computer games and virtual environments. Avatar animation and control is difficult, however, because a large repertoire of avatar behaviors must be made available, and the user must be able to select from this set of behaviors, possibly with a low-dimensional input device. One appealing approach to obtaining a rich set of avatar behaviors is to collect an extended, unlabeled sequence of motion data appropriate to the application. In this paper, we show that such a motion database can be preprocessed for flexibility in behavior and efficient search and exploited for real-time avatar control. Flexibility is created by identifying plausible transitions between motion segments, and efficient search through the resulting graph structure is obtained through clustering. Three interface techniques are demonstrated for controlling avatar motion using this data structure: the user selects from a set of available choices, sketches a path through an environment, or acts out a desired motion in front of a video camera. We demonstrate the flexibility of the approach through four different applications and compare the avatar motion to directly recorded human motion.
Highly Fluoroalkylated Amphiphilic Triazoles: Regioselective Synthesis and Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
<title>Fiber optic-based optical coherence tomography (OCT) for dental applications</title> (1998)

We have developed a hand-held fiber optic based optical coherence tomography (OCT) system for scanning of the oral cavity. We have produced, using this scanning device, in vivo cross-sectional images of hard and soft dental tissues in human volunteers. Clinically relevant anatomical structures, including the gingival margin, periodontal sulcus, and dento- enamel junction, were visible in all the images. The cemento- enamel junction and the alveolar bone were identified in approximately two thirds of the images. These images represent, or our knowledge, the first in vivo OCT images of human dental tissue.
Shiga Toxin-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Expression: Requirement for Toxin Enzymatic Activity and Monocyte Protein Kinase C and Protein Tyrosine Kinases (2000)

Infections with Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing bacteria cause bloody diarrhea which may progress to life-threatening complications, including acute renal failure and neurological abnormalities. The precise mechanism of disease progression is unclear, although evidence suggests that the localized production of the host proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 may exacerbate toxin-mediated vascular damage. Purified Stxs have been demonstrated to elicit proinflammatory cytokine synthesis from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocytic cell lines in vitro. To understand toxin-monocyte interactions required for cytokine synthesis, we have treated differentiated THP-1 cells with purified wild-type toxins, enzymatic mutants, or B subunits and measured TNF-alpha production. Our data suggest that A subunit enzymatic activity is essential for cytokine production. THP-1 cells were treated with a series of protein kinase C (PKC), PKA, and protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors to examine the role of intracellular signaling molecules in Stx-mediated cytokine production. Treatment of cells with PKC and tyrosine kinase inhibitors blocked TNF-alpha secretion by Stx-stimulated THP-1 cells. Stx treatment directly activated PKC, which occurred at a point upstream of transcriptional activation of the gene encoding TNF-alpha.