gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distributed and decentralized control of the power grid (2011)

The introduction of remotely controlled network devices is transforming the way the power system is operated and studied. The ability to provide real and reactive power support can be achieved at the end-user level. In this dissertation, a framework and algorithm to coordinate this type of end-user control are presented. The algorithm is based on a layered architecture that would follow a chain of command from the top layer (transmission grid) to the bottom layer (distribution grid). At the distribution grid layer, certain local problems can be solved without the intervention of the top layers. A reactive load control optimization algorithm to improve the voltage profile in the distribution grid is presented. The framework integrates agent-based technologies to manage the data and control actions required to operate this type of architecture.&#13;\n&#13;\nIn the distribution network, action can be initiated locally to find solutions to certain problems. That is the reason that in this dissertation decentralized optimization problems are studied to find a solution to control reactive power resources. Four decentralized optimization techniques are studied in two different distribution networks. From the analysis, the Lagrangian relaxation algorithms show the best results to implement a decentralized scheme to control reactive resources. Since capacitors are another reactive power resource to be controlled, the dissertation also presents a decentralized optimization algorithm to minimize losses in the distribution network. The decentralized algorithm results are found to be similar to those using a centralized algorithm. &#13;\n&#13;\nFinally, because the decentralized optimization algorithm needs to iterate among regions to find a solution, another algorithm is introduced to find a local solution to reactive resource problems in the distribution network. The algorithm is based on sensitivities of voltages to reactive resources to estimate the top of a feeder bus voltage of a particular region inside the distribution network. The algorithm is shown to effectively find a solution to a local problem, and the results are similar to a centralized optimization problem. &#13;\n&#13;\nThe framework and the algorithms presented in this dissertation integrate agent-based technologies to manage the data and control actions required to operate this type of architecture.
Anti-cysteine/spacer antibodies that open ADAMTS13 are a common feature in iTTP (2021)

Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is caused by an autoantibody-mediated deficiency in ADAMTS13. In healthy individuals, ADAMTS13 has a folded conformation in which the central spacer (S) domain interacts with the C-terminal CUB domains. We recently showed that ADAMTS13 adopts an open conformation in iTTP and that patient immunoglobulin G antibodies (IgGs) can open ADAMTS13. Anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies in patients with iTTP are directed against the different ADAMTS13 domains, but almost all patients have autoantibodies binding to the cysteine/spacer (CS) domains. In this study, we investigated whether the autoantibodies against the CS and CUB domains can disrupt the S-CUB interaction of folded ADAMTS13, thereby opening ADAMTS13. To this end, we purified anti-CS and anti-CUB autoantibodies from 13 patients with acute iTTP by affinity chromatography. The successfully purified anti-CS (10/13 patients) and anti-CUB (4/13 patients) autoantibody fractions were tested further in our ADAMTS13 conformation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to study whether they could open ADAMTS13. Interestingly, all purified anti-CS fractions (10/10 patients) were able to open ADAMTS13. On the other hand, only half of the purified anti-CUB fractions (2/4 patients) opened ADAMTS13. Our finding highlights that anti-CS autoantibodies that open ADAMTS13 are a common feature of the autoimmune response in iTTP.
Winter annual grass control and crop safety in quizalofop‐resistant wheat cultivars (2022)

Abstract Winter annual grass species such as jointed goatgrass ( Aegilops cylindrica Host), downy brome ( Bromus tectorum L.), and feral rye ( Secale cereale L.) negatively affect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yields. To generate a novel in‐crop selective herbicide trait for winter annual grass control, mutagenesis was used to generate multiple winter wheat lines resistant to the acetyl co‐A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor quizalofop p‐ethyl (QPE). Field trials were performed to assess crop safety for wheat lines with one or two homoeologous mutations and to assess winter annual grass control with QPE treatments. Crop safety parameters including visual injury rating, plant height, grain yield, and kernel weight were evaluated following QPE treatment at multiple growth stages. The susceptible winter wheat cultivar Hatcher displayed 100% crop injury when treated at tillering in early spring or at jointing in late spring. Single‐gene lines generally had crop injury and yield loss, especially at the jointing application timing. The two‐mutation cultivars Incline AX and LCS Fusion AX had low to no injury or yield loss from QPE applications at all timings and no injury from high rate QPE applications (93 and 185 g ha −1 ) in either the fall or the spring. Control of downy brome and feral rye was highest (92–99%), while jointed goatgrass control ranged from a low of 73% at 93 g a.i. ha −1 to a high of 98% at 109 a.i. ha −1 QPE. Our data indicate that the targeted winter annual grass weeds are controlled by QPE at rates that have acceptable crop safety for two‐mutation QPE‐resistant wheat cultivars.
A Renewable Lignin–Lactide Copolymer and Application in Biobased Composites (2013)

The need for renewable alternatives to traditional petroleum-derived plastics has driven recent interest in biobased composite materials that are sourced from carbon-neutral feedstocks. Lignin, an abundant plant-derived feedstock, has been a candidate for renewable materials; however, it is often difficult to blend with other biopolymers. In order to improve the miscibility of lignin with other bioplastics, we developed a catalytic and solvent free method for synthesis of a lignin–PLA copolymer. Graft polymerization of lactide onto lignin catalyzed by triazabicyclodecene (TBD) resulted in a lignin-g-poly(lactic acid) copolymer; chain length of the PLA is controlled by varying of the lignin/lactide ratio and preacetylation treatment. End-group analysis reveals high grafting efficiency and preferential grafting on lignin aliphatic hydroxyls over phenolic hydroxyls. The lignin-g-PLA copolymers display a glass transition temperature range from 45 to 85 °C and multiphase melting behavior. The lignin-g-PLA copolymers are used as dispersion modifiers in PLA-based materials to enhance UV absorption and reduce brittleness without a sacrifice in the modulus of elasticity.
Enhancing Converse Magnetoelectric Coupling Through Strain Engineering in Artificial Multiferroic Heterostructures (2022)

Magnetoelectric materials present a unique opportunity for electric field-controlled magnetism. Even though strain-mediated multiferroic heterostructures have shown unprecedented increase in magnetoelectric coupling compared to single-phase materials, further improvements must be made before ultra-low power memory, logic, magnetic sensors, and wide spectrum antennas can be realized. This work presents how magnetoelectric coupling can be enhanced by simultaneously exploiting multiple strain engineering approaches in heterostructures composed of Fe<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.5</sub>/Ag multilayers on (011) Pb(In<sub>1/2</sub>Nb<sub>1/2</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-PbTiO<sub>3</sub> piezoelectric crystals. When grown and measured under strain, these heterostructures exhibit an effective converse magnetoelectric coefficient in the order of 10<sup>-5</sup> s m<sup>-1</sup>: the highest directly measured, non-resonant value to-date. This response occurred at room temperature and at low electric fields (<2 kV cm<sup>-1</sup>). This large effect is enabled by magnetization reorientation caused by changing the magnetic anisotropy with strain from the substrate and the use of multilayered magnetic materials to minimize the internal stress from deposition. Additionally, the coercive field dependence of the magnetoelectric response under strain suggests contributions from domain-mediated magnetization switching modified by voltage-induced magnetoelastic anisotropy. This work highlights how multicomponent strain engineering enables enhanced magnetoelectric coupling in heterostructures and provides an approach to realize energy-efficient magnetoelectric applications.
Ground water (2017)

This chapter discusses on hydraulic conductivity, ground water flow in fractured rock masses occurs predominately along the discontinuities because of the very low primary hydraulic conductivity of most intact rock. In examining rock or soil slopes, it may be a mistake to assume that ground water is not present if no seepage appears on the slope face. A recharge area is one in which the net saturated flow of ground water is directed away from the water table, while in a discharge area the net saturated flow is directed towards the water table. In tropical and desert climates the ground water table is usually more predictable and consistent than temperate climates where the precipitation levels are more variable. In general, ground water flows from recharge areas to discharge areas. The discussion on ground water flow in rock masses shows that details of the geology can have a significant effect on water pressures and seepage quantities in rock slopes.
Supplementary Excel File 9 from Functional Synergies yet Distinct Modulators Affected by Genetic Alterations in Common Human Cancers (2023)

Supplementary Excel File 9 from Functional Synergies yet Distinct Modulators Affected by Genetic Alterations in Common Human Cancers
Visual information retrieval (1997)

article Free Access Share on Visual information retrieval Authors: Amarnath Gupta Virage, Inc., San Mateo, CA Virage, Inc., San Mateo, CAView Profile , Ramesh Jain Univ. of California at San Diego, La Jolla Univ. of California at San Diego, La JollaView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 40Issue 5May 1997pp 70–79https://doi.org/10.1145/253769.253798Published:01 May 1997Publication History 439citation4,369DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations439Total Downloads4,369Last 12 Months255Last 6 weeks14 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
iWatcher: simple, general architectural support for software debugging (2004)

We propose Intelligent Watcher (iWatcher), a combination of hardware and software support that can detect large variations of software bugs with only modest hardware changes to current processor implementations. iWatcher lets programmers associate specified functions to "watched" memory locations or objects. Access to any such location automatically triggers the monitoring function in the hardware. Relative to other approaches, iWatcher detects many real bugs at a fraction of the execution-time overhead
Determination of the variable core-to-surface spacing of single-mode fiber-coupler blocks (1987)

A description is given of a method for exact determination of the variable core-to-surface spacing along the polished region of single-mode fiber-coupler blocks. It is based on throughput attenuation measurements made while covering the block surface gradually by a liquid with a known refractive index. Examples of the validity of the technique are given.
Ptah-socar fuel-cooled composite materials structure (2009)

One of the key points for the development of dual-mode ramjets operating up to Mach 8 or more is the mastery of fuel-cooled composite materials structures, which are needed, at least, for the combustion chamber. MBDA France and EADS ST have been working on the development of a particular technology for such structures taking advantage of the background of MBDA France in the field of dual-mode ramjet and fuel-cooled structures and of ASTRIUM-EADS ST in the field of high-temperature composite materials. They have developed an innovative technology for advanced monobloc cooled C/C/SiC structures. The paper gives an updated status of the development of Paroi Tissée Application Hypersonique − Simple Operational Composite for Advanced Ramjet (PTAH-SOCAR) technology, including test results, and presents some results obtained during system and demonstrator studies.
Directional atherectomy with the omnicath™: A unique new catheter system (1994)

Abstract Omnicath™ is a directional atherectomy catheter that employs deflecting nontraumatizing wires to anchor the cutting window at the atherectomy site. This anchoring system regulates the depth of cut and provides directional control and distal perfusion. The system continuously removes debris through a suction port from the operative site. To demonstrate the performance of the device, the Omnicath™ was tested in the external iliac arteries of ten atherosclerotic Hanford miniature swine in which concentric and eccentric lesions were induced. Five animals were sacrificed 3 days after atherectomy; the remaining five animals were sacrificed 6 weeks after the procedure. The acute histology demonstrates depth of cuts varying from partial plaque removal to near full thickness removal of the arterial wall. Histologic sections of the 6 week follow‐up group demonstrated minimal healing response. The anchoring wires did not induce either acute injury or neointimal proliferation in the 6 week follow‐up period. In conclusion, the Omnicath™ permits effective and safe atherectomy in this investigative model.
Nd:GdVO4 as a three-level laser at 879 nm (2006)

We present what we believe to be the first true three-level laser based on a Nd-doped crystal. From the 4F3/24I9/2 laser transition, the lower laser level being the ground state, emission at 879 nm in NdGdVO4 has been obtained with diode pumping. Up to 0.8 W of power has been achieved in cw operation and 24 microJ per pulse (35 ns) in the Q-switched regime. Intracavity second-harmonic generation in the pulsed regime is also demonstrated with 17 8 mW of average output power at 439.5 nm, corresponding to an energy of 17microJ per pulse.
Chiral purity determination of tobacco alkaloids and nicotine-like compounds by1H NMR spectroscopy in the presence of 1,1?-binaphthyl-2,2?-diylphosphoric acid (1996)

The enantiomeric purity of several tobacco alkaloids and nicotine-like compounds was determined using 1H NMR (300 MHz) spectroscopy in the presence of (-)-(R)-1,1′binaphthyl-2,2′-diylphosphoric acid (BNPPA) as a chiral complexing agent. The most significant signal splitting resulting from diastereoisomeric complexation are seen for chemical shifts in the proximity of the pyridinyl nitrogen. Chemical shift data exclude any contribution of the pyrrolidinyl protons to chiral recognition, but when the pyrrolidine ring is replaced by a piperidine ring, i.e., for compounds such as rac-anabasine and rac-anatabine, non-equivalence between enantiomers was observed for protons close to the piperidine ring. A new approach for the preparation of the pure (-)-(S)-and (+)-(R)-enantiomers of nornicotine, a tobacco alkaloid and metabolite of nicotine, was developed. The optically pure enantiomers thus obtained were used to establish the minimum sensitivity of the NMR spectroscopic method of chiral analysis. These findings provide a new, general, and facile method for the determination of enantiomeric purity of tobacco alkaloids and nicotine-like compounds. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
DRM/GREMLIN (CKTSF1B1) maps to human chromosome 15 and is highly expressed in adult and fetal brain (2000)

We have mapped and characterized the human homolog of Drm/Gremlin (CKTFS1B1), a member of a family of BMP antagonists that have been linked to both developmental and transformation-related functions. By screening a human cDNA library, we isolated a 3.3-kb cDNA containing the 552-bp region encoding the human DRM protein. CKTFS1B1 was localized on human chromosome 15q13--> q15 by somatic cell hybrid analysis and, more precisely, using radiation hybrids, to a region of markers linked to SGNE1, secretory granule neuroendocrine protein 1 and RYR3, the ryanodyne receptor 3. Northern blot analysis showed the presence of a single DRM-specific mRNA expressed in different human tissues, including brain, ovary, intestine and colon. In the brain, DRM expression is associated with the region localized around the internal capsule in the large subcortical nuclei. DRM appears to be predominantly expressed in normal cells and tissues, including normal neurons, astrocytes and fibroblasts. Interestingly, we detected DRM expression in normal cells obtained from several patients, but not in tumor cell lines established from the same patients. The data suggest that down-regulation of DRM is associated with tumor progression, and support the hypothesis that human DRM may play an important role during both neuroembryological development and carcinogenesis.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Reduction in Diagnostic Imaging in Degenerative Spinal Disorders (2011)

Based on the assumptions made in our modelling, eliminating unnecessary imaging in spinal disorder diagnosis can save healthcare significant resources.
ChemInform Abstract: DIELS‐ALDER REACTION OF DIVINYL SULFIDE WITH α,β‐UNSATURATED ALDEHYDES (SYNTHESIS OF DIHYDROPYRAN SULFIDES) (1977)

Abstract Divinylsulfid (I) reagiert mit den Aldehyden (II) unter einfacher oder doppelter Dien‐Kondensation zu den Verbindungen (III) und/oder (IV).
Advances in basic science methodologies for clinical diagnosis in female stress urinary incontinence (2017)

We provide an overview of advanced imaging techniques currently being explored to gain greater understanding of the complexity of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) through better definition of structural anatomic data. Two methods of imaging and analysis are detailed for SUI with or without prolapse: 1) open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with or without the use of reference lines; and 2) 3D reconstruction of the pelvis using MRI. An additional innovative method of assessment includes the use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which uses non-invasive photonics in a vaginal speculum to objectively evaluate pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function as it relates to SUI pathology. Advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are described. The recent innovation of open-configuration magnetic resonance imaging (MRO) allows images to be captured in sitting and standing positions, which better simulates states that correlate with urinary leakage and can be further enhanced with 3D reconstruction. By detecting direct changes in oxygenated muscle tissue, the NIRS vaginal speculum is able to provide insight into how the oxidative capacity of the PFM influences SUI. The small number of units able to provide patient evaluation using these techniques and their cost and relative complexity are major considerations, but if such imaging can optimize diagnosis, treatment allocation, and selection for surgery enhanced imaging techniques may prove to be a worthwhile and cost-effective strategy for assessing and treating SUI.
Does Anion-Catalyzed Group-Transfer Polymerization Proceed Via an Enolate Intermediate? (1994)

Abstract Group-transfer polymerization of methyl methacrylate was originally postulated to occur by an associate process wherein an activated trimethylsilyl group transferred to incoming monomer. The mechanism was based on double-labeling experiments. However, data published since this original work point to a dissociative process wherein the catalyst generates a small amount of enolate that is in rapid exchange with the main pool of silyl-ketene-acetal-ended chains. The monomer adds to this bare enolate.
Lincomycin increases synthetic rate and periplasmic pool size for cholera toxin (1980)

Increased enterotoxigenicity of Vibrio cholerae 569B grown with low concentrations of lincomycin, previously described in terms of increased extracellular biological activity (capillary permeability factor and fluid accumulation in ligated rabbit ileal loops), was further characterized. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and single radial immunodiffusion showed that lincomycin-stimulated cells produced increased molar quantities of cholera toxin (CT) both extra- and intracellularly. The intracellular CT was released in comparable amounts by sonication, deoxycholate extraction, and polymyxin B treatment. Polymyxin B release of CT was nearly complete under conditions wherein only 6% of total cellular beta-galactosidase was released, implying a periplasmic pool of CT in stimulated cells. No intracellular choleragenoid (CT subunit B) was found in stimulated cells by polymyxin B release. No proteolysis of 14C-labeled CT was detected after prolonged incubation with sonicated nonstimulated cultures or sonicated concentrated cells. These data support the conclusion that the stimulatory effect of lincomycin involves an increase in the rate of synthesis of the CT molecule, and argue against alternative models involving inhibition of putative normal degradation of CT, increased release of otherwise cell-bound CT, or activation of inactive, or less active, forms of CT.
Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil ofStachys schtschegleeviiSosn. from Iran (2004)

Abstract The constituents of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of Stachys schtschegleevii Sosn. (Lamiaceae) grown wild in Iran were investigated by GC and GC/MS. Forty-two components (representing 99.3% of the total oil) were identified. The major components were α-pinene (27.4%), β-phellandrene (14.7%), germacrene D (14.1%), β-pinene (10.5%), and α-phellandrene (4.7%).
Relationship of Serum Antimullerian Hormone Concentration to Age at Menopause (2008)

The similarity between observed and predictive distributions of age at menopause supports the hypothesis that AMH levels are related to onset of menopause. Results of this study suggest that AMH is able to specify a woman's reproductive age more realistically than chronological age alone.
Mechanical behavior, structure, and reinforcement processes of TEMPO‐oxidized cellulose reinforced poly(lactic) acid (2012)

Abstract Poly(lactic) acid (PLA) was reinforced with acetylated TEMPO‐oxidized fibrillated cellulose (TOFC) prepared from birch pulp. Composite films were studied using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), as well as static mechanical testing. The storage modulus as well as tensile strength of PLA was improved on the addition of 30 wt% of TOFC by approximately 50% and 40%, respectively. Thermal stability as well as strength properties in moist environments (up to 90% relative humidity) was significantly improved at 15, 20, 25, and 30 wt% of TOFC. DSC showed that crystallization from solution took place during preparation of the composite films and was much greater than melt crystallization. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers