gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Data Rates for Flexible Transceivers in Optical Networks (2012)

Efforts towards commercializing higher-speed optical transmission have demonstrated the need for advanced modulation formats, several of which require similar transceiver hardware architecture. Adaptive transceivers can be built to have a number of possible operational configurations selected by software. Such software-defined transceiver configurations can create specific modulation formats to support sets of data rates, corresponding tolerances to system impairments, and sets of electronic digital signal processing schemes chosen to best function in a given network environment. In this paper, we discuss possibilities and advantages of reconfigurable, bit-rate flexible transceivers, and their potential applications in future optical networks.
d-allulose Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction in C57BL/KsJ-db/db Mice (2020)

d-allulose is an uncommon sugar that provides almost no calories when consumed. Its sweetness is 70% that of sucrose. d-allulose is a metabolic regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism. However, few reports concerning its effect on diabetes and related metabolic disturbances in db/db mice are available. In this study, we evaluated d-allulose's effect on hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, diabetes and inflammatory responses in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. Mice were divided into normal diet, erythritol supplemented (5% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>), and d-allulose supplemented (5% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) groups. Blood glucose and plasma glucagon levels and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) were significantly lower in the d-allulose group than in the normal diet group, and plasma insulin level was significantly increased. Further, d-allulose supplement significantly increased hepatic glucokinase activity and decreased hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activity. Expression of glucose transporter 4, insulin receptor substrate 1, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha and AKT serine/threonine kinase 2 were also upregulated by d-allulose supplement in adipocyte and muscle. Finally, d-allulose effectively lowered plasma and hepatic triglyceride and free fatty acid levels, and simultaneously reduced hepatic fatty acid oxidation and carnitine palmitoyl transferase activity. These changes are likely attributable to suppression of hepatic fatty acid synthase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Notably, d-allulose also reduced pro-inflammatory adipokine and cytokine levels in plasma. Our results indicate that d-allulose is an effective sugar substitute for improving lipid and glucose metabolism.
Overview of qPCR Molecular Probes (2015)

Abstract In recent times, varieties of modified synthetic oligonucleotides conjugated with reporter molecules have been employed in hybridization‐based assays. These methods have broad applications in both basic molecular biology research and in clinical diagnostics and screening because they have high specificity to a target nucleic acid sequence. The development of the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) process has improved the performance and utility of these hybridization‐based assays. In this unit, we discuss the main principles of the design and synthesis of the qPCR probes. © 2015 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Precise Dimming and Color Control of LED Systems Based on Color Mixing (2015)

This paper proposes a closed-loop nonlinear scheme for precisely controlling the luminosity and correlated color temperature (CCT) of a bicolor adjustable light-emitting diode (LED) lamp. The main objective is to achieve a precise and fully independent dimming and CCT control of the light mixture emitted from a two-string LED lamp comprising warm-white and cool-white color LEDs, regardless of the operating conditions and throughout the long operating lifetime of the LED lamp. The proposed control method is formulated using the nonlinear empirical LED model of the bicolor white LED system. Experimental results show that with the proposed closed-loop nonlinear approach, both CCT and dimming control of the bicolor lamp is significantly more accurate and robust to ambient temperature variations, ambient light interference, and LED aging than the conventional linear approach used in existing products. The maximum error in luminous flux employing the proposed closed-loop nonlinear approach is 3%, compared with 20% using the closed-loop linear approach. The maximum deviation in CCT is only 1.78%, compared with 27.5% with its linear counterpart.
Numerical modeling and experimental evaluation of machining parameters for 2-dimensions ultrasonic-assisted micro-milling at low and high-speed machining (2022)

Vibration assisted machining (VAM) is one of the hybrid machining processes for improving the machined surface quality. VAM performance is mainly influenced by the combination of machining and vibration control parameters, where surface roughness value (Ra) became the benchmarking indicator. It is difficult to determine the optimum parameter combination to produce high precision products, especially for micro-milling, due to the interconnected correlation among parameters. The benefits of high-speed machining with VAM are high material removal rate and shorter machining time than low-speed machining. VAM operation at high-speed machining is still limited due to the high possibility of chatter occurrence. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the 2D VAM resonant performance at low-speed and high-speed machining, operated at ultrasonic vibration and amplitude below one μm. The mathematical model and experimental evaluate the vibration effect based on machining mode, amplitude, and spindle speed variation. The mathematical modelling and experiment result complement each other, where the mathematical model can characterize the effect of resonant vibration, amplitude, and spindle speed increment on the tool path trajectory. The 2D resonant vibration at the feed direction causes interrupting cutting and transforms the tool path trajectory from linear to wavy. The mathematical model and experiment result show the dominant influence of spindle speed and feed rate on the toolpath trajectory and Ra, where low spindle speed and feed rate result in better machine surface roughness. The low-speed machining with VAM results in Ra value between 0.1–0.155 μm, which is below the high-speed machining result, between 0.2–0.38 μm
IoT-Enabled Intelligent Dynamic Risk Assessment of Acute Mountain Sickness: The Role of Event-Triggered Signal Processing (2021)

The rapid developments in Internet of Medical Things open up new avenues for personalized healthcare. Continuously monitored physiological data can be collected by wearable devices and are transmitted to a remote server for real-time monitoring and diagnosis. This article concerns a risk assessment problem of acute mountain sickness (AMS) with data transmitted according to an event-triggered transmission schedule. An event-triggered signal processing approach is introduced to reconstruct the untransmitted information, based on which, a dynamic SpO <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{\bf 2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> index (DSI) is further proposed for AMS risk evaluation. The performance of the proposed approach is analyzed through physiological data collected in a proof-of-the-concept study ( <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</i> =12). Statistical significant correlation of the DSI with AMS ground truth including Lake Louise score, deep sleep duration, deep sleep ratio, and mean SpO <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{\bf 2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> during sleep is observed. More importantly, it is observed that the proposed event-triggered signal processing procedure can dramatically reduce the data transmission rate while maintaining the performance of the DSI assessment, through comparison of the DSI obtained using the proposed event-triggered approach with those obtained based on event-triggered raw data and continuously transmitted time-triggered data. The obtained results indicate the feasibility of adopting event-triggered data scheduling and signal processing to achieve AMS risk evaluation using data from wearable devices with limited communication/battery resources.
Review — Microstructural Control and Functional Enhancement of Light Metal Materials via Metal Additive Manufacturing (2022)

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been attracting a great deal of attention in both academia and industry in recent years as a technology that could bring innovation to manufacturing. AM was originally developed as a method specialized in fabricating three-dimensional structures by the additive manner. However, in reality, a huge number of parameters involved in AM has a significant effect on the microstructure and the resulting physicochemical properties of the metallic material. Therefore, in very recent years, metal AM is being recognized as a technology for controlling the microstructure of metals rather than its shape. In addition, AM can even customize the microstructure of each site by applying locally controlled heat energy. The ability to simultaneously control complex shapes and microstructures will add even higher value to light-weight metal materials. This paper describes the potential of metal AM to control material and shape properties that dictates the essential mechanical properties of the product with introducing latest results.
Cell block preparation by inverted filter sedimentation is useful in the differential diagnosis of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance in ThinPrep specimens (2000)

Inverted filter sedimentation is a useful technique in the differential diagnosis of AGUS. It can provide a training tool with which to increase the sensitivity and specificity of AGUS diagnoses as well as occasionally provide immediate tissue confirmation.
Enabling multienzyme biocatalysis using nanoporous materials (2004)

Multistep reactions catalyzed by a covalently immobilized enzyme-cofactor-enzyme system were achieved. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), and cofactor NADH were incorporated into two porous silica glass supports. One of the glass supports had pores of 30 nm in diameter, while the other was of 100-nm pore size. Effective shuttling of the covalently bound NADH between LDH and GDH was achieved, such that regeneration cycles of NADH/NAD(+) were observed. The glass of 30-nm pore size afforded enzyme activities that were about twice those observed for the glass of 100-nm pore size, indicating the former provided better enzyme-cofactor integration. The effect of the size of spacers was also examined. The use of longer spacers increased the reaction rates by approximately 18 times as compared to those achieved with glutaraldehyde linkage. It appeared that the concave configuration of the nanopores played an important role in enabling the multistep reactions. The same multienzyme system immobilized on nonporous polystyrene particles of 500-nm diameter was only approximately 2% active as the glass-supported system. It is believed that the nanoporous structure of the glass supports enhances the molecular interactions among the immobilized enzymes and cofactor, thus improving the catalytic efficiency of the system.
Novel approaches to using PDE4 inhibitors for antihypertensive therapy. (2005)

Phosphodiesterase (PDE)4 inhibitors are effective vasodilators. In addition to the treatment of asthma and other inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, wide-spectrum PDE4 inhibitors may also be developed for use in antihypertensive therapy, especially in patients with impaired renal function and elevated pulmonary arterial pressure. Rational approaches to overcoming the intrinsic emetogenic response associated with PDE4 inhibition are discussed, and a dual-action drug development that incorporates L-type Ca2+ channel antagonism and selective PDE4 inhibition is proposed. The potential for research and development of such a dual-action agent should eventually provide healthcare professionals with a new category of therapeutic options with which to attempt to combat hypertension.
The Effect of Cold-Work Distortion on X-Ray Patterns (1950)

With modern experimental technique, it is possible to measure a peak shape with sufficient accuracy to justify an interpretation based on the precise shape of the reflection. The corrected shape is represented by a cosine Fourier series and a set of An coefficients determined. A plot of the An coefficients vs. n will distinguish between distortion and particle size broadening. From the An coefficients, root mean square values of strain averaged over lengths na3 are obtained. The decrease in these values for increasing length na3 is a direct indication of the non-uniform nature of the strains in cold-worked metal. By measuring several orders of a given plane, it is theoretically possible to obtain a distribution function of the strains directly from a Fourier transform of the An coefficients.
WT1 Overexpression after Induction Therapy in Children AML Is Associated with Higher Risk of Relapse. (2004)

Abstract The Wilms’ s tumor gene (WT1) is a tumor suppressor gene highly expressed in most acute leukemias. To determine whether WT1 gene expression is a valuable and informative marker for minimal residual disease in pediatric AML, we quantified WT1 transcript amount by RQ-PCR in 92 de novo AML and 20 normal controls. The WT1 transcripts obtained were normalized with respect to the number of TBP transcripts and expressed as WT1 copy numbers by the ratio WT1/TBPx1000. The WT1 levels were extremely low in normal controls, and the median number of WT1 copies was 10 (range 4–30 ). A level above 50 copies was considered as significant. All the patients (aged 2 months-18 years, median age:5.9 years, male/female ratio 0.87) were treated for de novo AML between 1995 and 2003 in two French institutions and enrolled in LAM91, LAM01 and APLs French collaborative protocols. According to the FAB classification the repartition was: MO 5.4%, M1 4.3%, M2 18.5%, M3 14.1%, M4 and M4Eo 12%, M5 33.6 %, M7 10.9% and unclassified 1%. Cytogenetics features according to the MRC classification were favourable, intermediate or poor in 27% (23/83), 59% (49/83) and 13% (11/83) respectively. With a median follow up of 24 months (range 8–97months) OS was 75± 8% and EFS 60 ± 6%. At diagnosis WT1 overexpression was detected in 78.3% (72/92) with a median copy number of 2231 (range 50-429200). The WT1 values were significantly higher (p=0.02) in M2-FAB subtype and lower (p=0.01) in M5-FAB subtype while no correlation was found with WBC count or cytogenetic abnormalities. WT1 quantification for MRD was evaluable in 41/72 pts and positive in 9/32 at D40-50, 5/25 at M3-M5, 5/7at M6-M8. At least one analysis above 50 copies after induction therapy is associated with a significant risk of subsequent relapse 8/11 vs 8/30 ( p=0.007) RR=22 (IC 95%:46–118) and death 10/14 vs 3/30 (p=0.001) RR=7.3 (IC95%: 1–34). Although retrospective analysis may include bias, we conclude that WT1 is a useful and informative molecular marker for MRD in pediatric AML and performed as prospective analysis in ELAM02 protocol.
Evolutionary design of miniaturized meander-line antennas for RFID applications (2003)

Radio frequency identification (RFID) of objects or people has become very popular in many service industries, distribution logistics, manufacturing companies and goods flow systems. In these applications data are contactless transferred to a local querying system (reader) from a remote transponder (tag) including an antenna and a microchip transmitter. In this paper we discuss versions of the standard meander line antenna (MLA) which are obtained by a proper shaping of the conductor in order to best utilize the wire current and improve the antenna gain while keeping the size small. To explore efficiently a large number of MLA configurations, an evolutionary approach has been considered. It is based on a genetic algorithm optimization (GA) and the method of moments (MoM) to design the best length for each meander line segment. Example are presented for a MLA tag tuned at 869 MHz (one of the European RFID frequencies) with size smaller than (4 /spl times/ 3.5 cm/sup 2/).
Abnormal Hormonal andRenalResponses to Saline LoadinHypertensive Patients With Parental History ofCardiovascular Accidents (1991)

Background. Acutecardiac andcerebrovascular accidents aremorefrequent inhypertensive subjects withafamily history ofacutevascular accidents. Themechanisms underlying the susceptibility tovascular disease inthesesubjects areunknown. We investigated whether a parental history ofpremature heart attack orstroke inhypertensive subjects isassociated with abnormalities ofsodiumhandling. Methods andResults. Patients withmild, uncomplicated essential hypertension weredivided into twosubgroups according tofamily history: asubgroup withaparental history ofpremature heart attack orstroke (FV+, n=18)andasubgroup withafamily history completely negative forvascular accidents (FV-, n=14). Thetwosubgroups werecomparable withrespect toage, weight, sexdistribution, blood pressure, duration ofhypertension, cardiovascular risk factors, renalfunction, andorgandamage. Baseline plasma renin activity (PRA), concentrations of aldosterone (PA), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), andnorepinephrine, andurinary electrolyte excretion werealsocomparable inthetwosubgroups. Despite these similarities, theresponses toanacutesaline load, measured undercontrolled metabolic andexperimental conditions, weredifferent inthetwosubgroups. IntheFV+subgroup at60minutes ofsaline load, PRAfell by1.0±0.2 ng/ml/hr andPAconcentration by89.4±26 pg/mI andANFconcentration increased by38±9pg/ml, whereas intheFV-subgroup thecorresponding responses were-2.3±0.3 ng/ml/hr (p<0.005), -190±43pg/ml(p<0.05), and80±13pg/ml(p<0.005), respectively. Urinary sodiumexcretion wasdelayed intheFV+subgroup (270±67 j.eq/min at60minutes) compared withtheFV-subgroup (555± 157,ueq/min at60minutes, p<0.05). At120minutes ofsaline load, significant (p<0.005) differences inPRA andANF concentration werestill observed. Ina control groupofeight normalsubjects theresponses toa saline loadwere comparable tothose intheFV-subgroup butgreater thanthose intheFV'subgroup at60 minutes. Conclusions. Theseresults provide evidence thatthehormonal andrenal adjustments toan acutesaltloadareimpaired inhypertensive patients witha parental history ofvascular accidents. Wespeculate that abnormalities ofsodiumhandling mayrepresent markers ofamore rapid development ofvascular injury inhumanhypertension. (Circulation 1991;84:92-100) A lthough blood pressure isaninfluential factor Thevariable individual susceptibility toheart atforthedevelopment ofvascular injury in tackandstroke suggests thecontribution offactors hypertension, itisrecognized thatthebio- otherthanbloodpressure, particularly genetic faclogical aggressiveness ofagiven level ofhypertension tors, inthedevelopment ofvascular injury. Infact, a varies markedly amongindividuals. positive family history ofheartattack isindepenFrom the Prma Cliica Meica,Sconda acotdiMedcinae
Intrinsic and Innate Defenses of Neurons: Détente with the Herpesviruses (2016)

Neuroinvasive herpesviruses have evolved to efficiently infect and establish latency in neurons. The nervous system has limited capability to regenerate, so immune responses therein are carefully regulated to be nondestructive, with dependence on atypical intrinsic and innate defenses. In this article we review studies of some of these noncanonical defense pathways and how herpesvirus gene products counter them, highlighting the contributions that primary neuronal in vitro models have made to our understanding of this field.
Model selection and score normalization for text-dependent single utterance speaker verification (2012)

In this paper, we investigate model selection and channel variability issues on a text-dependent single utterance (TDSU) speaker verification application. Due to the lack of an appropriate database for the task, a multichannel speaker recognition database, which consists of multiple recordings of a single Turkish utterance, is collected. The first set of experiments is devoted to model selection. Phonetic hidden Markov model (HMM)-based, sentence HMM-based, and Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based methods are compared to find the most appropriate modeling approach for the target application. Based on the experimental results, the HMM-based methods outperform the GMM. The sentence HMM yields the best performance among the 3 approaches. In the second set of experiments, we implement various score normalization techniques in order to compensate for channel mismatch conditions. Test normalization, zero normalization, and their combinations are investigated for the TDSU task. We propose a novel combination procedure named combined normalization (C-norm). We also benefit from prior knowledge of the handset-channel type in order to improve the verification performance. A cohort-based channel detection procedure is presented to identify enrollment/authentication channels in addition to the GMM-based method. In score normalization, handset-dependent C-norm results in the best performance, with a 0.72% equal error rate (EER) in the ideal channel known case and a 0.74% EER when the GMM and cohort-based systems are combined together for channel detection.
Flavour of coffee. A review (1998)

The concept of flavour analysis developed in our laboratory during the last decade to evaluate the key odorants of foods and beverages, is demonstrated in a review on coffee flavour. The results obtained by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA), gas chromatography/olfactometry of headspace samples and quantitation of potent odorants using corresponding stable isotopomers as internal standards are discussed. Finally, some sensory experiments performed on the basis of data assessed by instrumental analyses of roasted coffee samples are reported.