gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dicarbanionic and electron-transfer reactions of cyclooctatetraene dianion (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDicarbanionic and electron-transfer reactions of cyclooctatetraene dianionThomas A. Antkowiak and Harold ShechterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 15, 5361–5366Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00770a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00770a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integrating In Silico and In vitro Approaches to Dissect the Stereoselectivity of Bacillus subtilis Lipase A toward Ketoprofen Vinyl Ester (2011)

The asymmetric catalysis, as the character of enzyme, attracts increasing attention from the scientific and industrial communities. In this study, the Bacillus subtilis lipase A, as a model enzyme, is studied systematically to dissect its stereoselectivity toward (rac)-ketoprofen vinyl ester using a combination scheme of molecular docking and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) analysis. In this procedure, the rational orientation of the two enantiomers of ketoprofen vinyl ester is obtained with the AutoDock performing, and then, the steric contacts between the enzyme and substrate in the docking outputs are examined visually at the atomic level with a small-probe technique. Subsequently, the binding energies of the enzyme-substrate complexes are calculated using an ONIOM (Our own N-layered Integrated Molecular Orbital + Molecular mechanics)-based QM/MM protocol. The results obtained from the theoretical studies show that the B. subtilis lipase A prefer to hydrolyze the (R )-ketoprofen vinyl ester when compared to its (S )-enantiomer, with a relatively high E (stereoselectivity) value of 31.28 charactering its enantioselectivity. Furthermore, to verify the conclusions from the computational analysis, the B. subtilis lipase A gene is cloned to overexpress the recombinant B. subtilis lipase A, and its stereoselectivity was determined. Satisfactorily, the experimental results are in well agreement with the theoretical predictions because the (R )-ketoprofen vinyl ester is found as the preferring enantiomer of the B. subtilis lipase A, with experimentally measured E value of 36.7. We therefore expect that this in silico-in vitro hybrid approach can provide a new and effective avenue to predict the catalytic activity of and to investigate the molecular mechanism of enzyme-mediated asymmetric catalysis and help in understanding the enzymatic process and in rational enzyme design.
Ultra-short pulses to signal neuronal growth cone machinery (2007)

Measurable change in the sensory motor machinery of growth cones are induced by non contact femtosecond laser. The focused laser beam with an average power of 3 mW was positioned at some distance away from the closest fillopodia of cortical neurons from primary cell cultures (mice E15). By identifying a set of preliminary parameters we were able to statistically analyze the phenomenological behavior of the fillopodia and classify the effects different conditions of laser light has on the growth cone. Results show that fillopodia become significantly biased towards the focused femtosecond laser light. The same experiment performed with continuous wave (CW) produced results which were indistinguishable from the case where there is no laser light present (placebo condition) indicating no clear effects of the CW laser light on the fillopodia at a distance. These findings show the potential for ultrashort pulsed light to become a new type of pathfinding cue for neuronal growth cones.
Genome characterization and population genetic structure of the zoonotic pathogen, Streptococcus canis (2012)

This study provides evidence highlighting the importance of LGT in the evolution of the bacteria S. canis, specifically, its possible role in host adaptation and acquisition of virulence factors. Furthermore, recent LGT detected between S. canis and human bacteria (Streptococcus urinalis) is cause for concern, as it highlights the possibility for continued acquisition of human virulence factors for this emerging zoonotic pathogen.
Interactive Cockpits Applications: Specification, Prototyping and Validation using a Petri-nets based Formalism (2012)

International audience
Suffering modernism (2020)

This article theorizes the complicated potential in sadomasochistic reading, wherein readers are wholly subject to the text and are also that to which the text is wholly subject. Building off of previous work about the construction of a masochistic contract between reader and modernist text, I suggest first that masochistic reading cultivates the suspension of mastery—a displaced pleasure in expertise that is always just out of reach. In a more explici consideration of pleasure, I then turn to the possibilities inherent in the sadistic reading of modernist texts which enables the performance of textual violence; and finally to sadomasochistic reading, which invites feminist modernist scholars to imagine a more radical, generative, and experimental kind of scholarship. I interrogate the potentially problematic consequences of sadistic and sadomasochistic readings in terms of the field of modernist studies, specifically, and academia as a whole, more broadly.
Transmission and detection of terahertz radiation in a weakly ionized plasma (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Plasma, used as a terahertz (THz) detection medium has promising features. Several studies for mm-wave/THz radiation detection using various kind of methods for plasma creation such as neon indicator lamps [1], gas cells [2] and laser-induced air plasma [3] have been conducted. The interaction between the plasma and various frequency EM waves are still being investigated and in the mm-wave/terahertz range the interaction mechanism is still not well understood. In this study a home-built gas chamber with variable electrode separation is studied using a continuous wave mm-wave/THz measurement systems. A breakdown is induced in gas mixture by applying a bias DC voltage to the electrodes and under sufficient conditions the modulated incident radiation can generate variations in the plasma current which can be measured electronically. The main mechanism of detection is the addition of the electric field of the incident EM radiation to the DC bias field, increasing the total electric field thus excitation collisions. Therefore the EM field is expected to effect the rate of ionization and excitation collisions at most at the regions with maximum total electron energy that is around the cathode dark space [4]. Depending on the orientation of its polarization, the incident EM radiation can also diffuse the signal electrons to the walls of the chamber giving rise to a negative change in bias current, decreasing the signal. Therefore the internal signal gain depends on the electrode geometry and polarization of radiation besides other parameters of the plasma. Several parameters, such as gas pressure, gas species, discharge current, electrode spacing and electrode geometry effect the plasma-THz interaction thus changing the responsivity of the device. The plasma – THz interaction is studied here using a VDI multiplied source (WR2.8AMC). Driven by a frequency tunable Yttrium Iron Garnett (YIG) oscillator the source was modulated electronically providing a frequency tunable output in the 82-125 GHz and 246-375 GHz frequency range by use of a passive tripler. For the gas chamber different gases and gas mixtures are used. Using a Penning mixture, which is a mixture of one type of another gas with miniscule amount of another gas which has a lower ionization voltage than the main gas, a breakdown voltage lower than that of both gases can be obtained. Measurement of changes in the plasma current are carried out for different incident radiation frequencies, different electrode geometries, various gas mixtures and different modulation frequencies.
ACETYLATION OF 2-AMINO-2-OXAZOLINES: EVIDENCE OF A RING CLEAVED ACETYLATED COMPOUND (1997)

Depending on the experimental conditions the reaction of 5-substituted 2-amino-2-oxazolines 1 with acetic anhydridee led to acetylated compounds which exhibit or not an heterocyclic ring. The 5substituted 3-acetyl-2-oxazolidinones 4 were finally isolated in boiling acetic anhydride. Vol 3. No. 5, 1997 Acetylation of 2-Amino-2-Oxazolines: Evidence of a Ring Cleaved Acetylated Compound 0-N acyl migration < 10 ). The transient formation of 2 was always suggested by tic during the described acetylation procedures. Scheme 1 RCH 2 NHCOCHN OCONHCOCH3 2 (a,b) ACJO oc r - 0 - 2 1 (a,b) RC - 0 - 2 1 (a,b)
Excess Mg addition MgB2/Fe wires with enhanced critical current density (2008)

MgB 2 / Fe wires with 10 at. % excess Mg produced by in situ powder-in-tube processing were compared to normal stoichiometric MgB2/Fe wires prepared by the same method. It was found that the critical current density (Jc) and the irreversibility field (Hirr) were significantly enhanced for MgB2/Fe wires with excess Mg. The transport Jc for 10 at. % Mg excess samples sintered at 800 °C, measured at a field of up to 14 T, increased by a factor of 2 compared to that for the normal MgB2 wires. The best Jc results for the 10 at. % Mg excess sample were obtained by heating the sample at 600 °C for 1 h; the Jc at a field of 8 T and at temperature of 10 K reached 3×104 A/cm2. The detailed analysis of the effect of excess Mg on the microstructures, the Jc, and the Hirr, of MgB2/Fe wires are presented in this paper.
Spin glasses with attitude: Opinion formation in a partisan Erd&#x0151;s-R&#x00E9;nyi world (2014)

We explore the role of partisan influence in the emergence of consensus opinions in connected populations. Such scenarios arise in many modern settings-political interactions and online forums provide two instances-and there is a long-standing interest in modeling the dynamics of opinion evolution in such systems. By overlaying an external party-based bias on a spin glass inspired structure we show how party discipline tends to persist in the presence of independents, explore the role of neighborhood size in influencing dynamics, and exhibit conditions under which defections from party ranks are enabled.
Determination of Intrinsic Diffusion Coefficients in Binary Alloys with Variable Molar Volume by the M-M Method (2012)

The Multiple-Marker (M-M) method is useful because it enables the determination of the intrinsic diffusion coefficients not only at the Kirkendall marker position but also at places where the M-M are located. However, the analysis is not applicable to the alloys with variable molar volume. In this work, a new graphical method that is applicable to the alloys with variable molar volume is proposed.
Observation of Element-Specific Energy-Filtered X-Ray Photoemission Electron Microscopy Images of Au on Ta Using a Wien Filter Type Energy Analyzer (2004)

We have shown the possibility of a Wien filter as an energy analyzer for the energy-filtered X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (EXPEEM) by obtaining images of Au islands on a Ta substrate using an inner shell photoelectron excited by an X-ray with a photon energy of 2300 eV. When the photoelectron with kinetic energy of nearly 0 eV was selected, brighter Au islands were observed. When the kinetic energies of photoelectrons passing the Wien filter are set at those of Au 3d5/2 and Ta 3p3/2 photoelectrons, the Au and Ta regions appeared brighter, respectively, indicating that the chemical imaging was successful using a high energy X-ray and a Wien filter energy analyzer.
The production, design and application of antimicrobial peptides (2007)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2007.
Enzyme-assisted vitrectomy in enucleated pig eyes: a comparison of hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, and plasmin (2004)

Hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, and plasmin are good candidates for enzyme-assisted vitrectomy. Although retinal structural damage was very rarely seen, safety concerns will have to be investigated further.
Multilevel Operation of Ferroelectric FET Memory Arrays Considering Current Percolation Paths Impacting Switching Behavior (2023)

This letter reports multi-level-cell (MLC) operation of ferroelectric FETs (FeFET) arranged in AND-connected memory arrays with a bit-error rate (BER) of 4% when writing a random data pattern. The FeFETs with HfO2 have been embedded in GlobalFoundries 28 nm bulk high-k metal gate (HKMG) technology and are based on a metal-ferroelectric-isolator-semiconductor (MFIS) stack. Due to the direct field influence of the ferroelectric layer onto the Si-channel current percolation paths (CPPs) dominate the state transition behavior. This results in device-to-device variation and contributes to the asymmetry in programming and erasing progression. For array operation, write schemes and state-preserving inhibit schemes are evaluated to cope with the influence of the CPPs. Finally, this enables us to take advantage of the MLC capabilities of FeFETs on the array level, further enhancing the storage density of the 1T memory cells. Robust retention is proven for the MLC states at 85°C as well as reliable rewritability of the memory array with changing input patterns.
The Zero-Flux Current Transformer [includes discussion] (1953)

A method is described of reducing the core flux of a current transformer by supplying the necessary voltage to the secondary circuit. For one load current, the flux may be eliminated, giving zero errors, and at other loads the ratio and phase angle are so small as to be difficult to detect in many cases. Applied to reasonably good transformers, extremely high accuracies are obtained, with small weight and bulk. The scope of low ratio bushing-type transformers is also increased, but the addition of triple-frequency auxiliary flux still further extends the use of the method, and test results are given for ratios down to 20/5 amperes.
ortho-Arylation of Benzamides (2006)

[reaction: see text] A simple method for the direct ortho-arylation of benzoic acid amides has been developed. The palladium-catalyzed reactions proceed in trifluoroacetic acid and require the presence of stoichiometric silver acetate. This presents an alternative to the currently used ortho-lithiation strategies for the synthesis of arylated benzoic acid derivatives.
Hot flushes, common symptoms, and social relations among middle-aged nonmenopausal French women in the GAZEL cohort (2006)

Social relations were associated with psychological and breast symptoms, but not with HFs. The strong association between common symptoms and HFs suggests that biomedical factors have a greater influence than social relations on the occurrence of HFs.
Evaluation of Extreme Thermal Processing Methods to Improve Nutrient Utilization of Low-Energy Diets for Finishing Pigs (2015)

A total of 270 pigs (PIC 337 × 1050; initially 115.7 lb) were used in a 79-d experiment to determine the effects of long-term conditioning or extrusion on finishing pig nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and carcass characteristics. There were 7 or 8 pigs per pen and 9 pens per treatment. Treatments included the same basal diet processed as: 1) nonprocessed mash; 2) pelleted with 45-s conditioner retention time; 3) pelleted with 90-s conditioner retention time; or 4) extruded. Diets were fed in three phases with the same low-energy diet formulation fed across treatments, containing 30% corn dried distillers grains with solubles and 19% wheat middlings. Pigs fed thermally processed feed, regardless of method, had improved ADG, F/G, ether extract, and crude fiber apparent total tract digestibility (P < 0.05) compared to those fed the mash diet, but thermal processing did not affect ADFI . Extruded diets tended to improve F/G compared to pelleted diets (P = 0.09). Pigs fed any thermally processed treatment had greater HCW compared to those fed mash (P < 0.05). Improvements in fat and crude fiber digestibility (P < 0.05) led to improved caloric efficiency in pigs fed thermally processed diets. Thermal processing did not influence percentage yield, backfat, or loin depth when HCW was used as a covariate. However, pigs fed thermally processed diets had greater jowl fat iodine value compared to those fed mash diets (P < 0.05). Electrical energy usage during thermal processing was recorded. Pigs fed mash diets had greater (P < 0.05) cost per lb of gain, as well as reduced gain value and income over feed costs, compared to those fed thermally processed diets. This experiment confirms the benefits of thermally processing feeds to improve ADG and F/G, but compromises carcass fat iodine value. Additionally, this research suggests that more extreme thermal processing conditions may be used without hindering nutrient utilization.
Die katalytische asymmetrische Acetalisierung (2013)

Beengte Verhältnisse: Eine asymmetrische Version der säurekatalysierten Acetalisierung von Aldehyden wird vorgestellt. Ein neues Mitglied der beengten chiralen Brønsted-Säuren zeigte eine deutlich bessere Leistungsfähigkeit als bisher bekannte Katalysatoren und ergab cyclische Acetale mit ausgezeichneter Enantioselektivität (siehe Schema; Ar=2-iPr-5-MeC6H3).
Human CD34+Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells Express High Levels of FLIP and Are Resistant to Fas‐Mediated Apoptosis (2002)

We sought to determine whether lympho-hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HSC) from human placental/umbilical cord blood (CB) or adult mobilized blood (PBSC) are sensitive to Fas-induced apoptosis. Human CD34+ cells from CB or PBSC were cultured in serum-free medium, with or without hematopoietic growth factors (FKT: FLT-3 ligand [FL], KIT ligand [KL], and thrombopoietin [TPO]), and with or without soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) or agonistic anti-Fas antibody. After 5-48 hours of culture, cells were assessed for viability and stained with Annexin V and 7-Aminoactinomycin D for apoptosis analysis by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Cultured cells were also assessed by in vitro hematopoietic colony-forming cell (CFC) and in vivo nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mouse engraftment potential (SEP) assays. Levels of Fas, FLICE inhibitory protein (FLIP), and Caspase 8 mRNA in CD34+ cells were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Expression of FLIP was confirmed by Western blotting. No decrease in viability, CFC, or SEP was observed in CB or PBSC CD34+ cells cultured in the presence of sFasL or agonistic anti-Fas antibody. Human CB and mobilized PBSC CD34+ cells expressed high levels of FLIP, low ratios of Caspase 8:FLIP, and low levels of Fas. Thus, human CB and PBSC CD34+ HSC were resistant to Fas pathway agonists. High-level expression of FLIP likely provides one level of protection of CD34+ cells from Fas-mediated apoptosis.
Nontraded Assets in Incomplete Markets: Pricing and Portfolio Choices (1990)

production ; market ; government ; income
Multi-disciplinary Optimization of Single-stage Hybrid Rocket with Swirl Injection for Lunar Ascent (2023)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-2349.vid This paper investigates the use of swirl injection in hybrid rocket engines as a means to improve the overall design of the propulsion system. To this aim, a multi-disciplinary optimization problem is formulated, with the objective to determine the optimal single-stage hybrid rocket design and ascent trajectory for a lunar ascent mission, with the objective to reach a 100 km circular orbit on the Moon equatorial plane. A zero-dimensional internal ballistics model is used to estimate the thrust, mass flow rate, and gross mass of the hybrid rocket, while a three-degree of freedom dynamical model is employed for the ascent trajectory. Lastly, an in-house heuristic algorithm that merges the commonly known particle swarm and genetic algorithms is used to solve the resulting integrated optimization problem. After a preliminary analysis on the solution’s sensitivity to the optimizer particle count, results for both axial and swirl injection configurations are presented and compared.
Sampling First Order Logical Particles (2012)

Approximate inference in dynamic systems is the problem of estimating the state of the system given a sequence of actions and partial observations. High precision estimation is fundamental in many applications like diagnosis, natural language processing, tracking, planning, and robotics. In this paper we present an algorithm that samples possible deterministic executions of a probabilistic sequence. The algorithm takes advantage of a compact representation (using first order logic) for actions and world states to improve the precision of its estimation. Theoretical and empirical results show that the algorithm’s expected error is smaller than propositional sampling and Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) sampling techniques. 1
The dissolution behavior of individual powder particles (2012)

The formation of lumps is a common problem during powder reconstitution in food industry. If more knowledge regarding the phenomena controlling the process could be obtained, the process of industrial powder recombination could be optimized. This demands investigation of the process at three different levels: the scale of individual powder particles, the scale of powder beds, and the scale of industrial recombination. If knowledge from all three scales could be combined, a model of the entire process could be constructed. In this study, we present a new flow-cell-based method for investigating the dissolution rate of individual powder particles in controlled liquid flow. The flow cell allows for alteration of the flow velocity and only subjects the investigated powder particles to mild stress before the analysis. The dissolution process in the cell is recorded, and data are obtained by image analysis. Sodium caseinate has been used as a model substance in these experiments. The results show that the particle dissolution rate is a function of the flow velocity of the liquid, and the results correspond to earlier established methods. The investigation of individual particles shows a variation in dissolution rate between particles resulting from the diverse particle morphology from an industrial batch of powder. The results indicate that the dissolution interface concentration of dissolving sodium caseinate particles corresponds well to the overlap concentration of the specie.