gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Bismuth Ferrites Nanocrystals with Various Morphology (2012)

The effects of processing parameters on phase formation of hydrothermally synthesized bismuth ferrites were investigated. Bi 25 FeO 40 , BiFeO 3 , and Bi 2 Fe 4 O 9 with different morphologies and grain size were synthesized by dissolving bismuth nitrate and iron nitrate in KOH solution at reaction time ranging from 3 to 20 h. The subcrystallized part of BiFeO 3 obtained with reaction time of 4 and 5 h displayed strong saturation magnetization of ~2.914 emu/g. The results of the electron spin resonance ( ESR ) indicated each unpaired spin providing a net magnetic moment which eventually led to the enhancement of the saturated magnetization. Furthermore, Zero‐field‐cooled ( ZFC ) and field‐cooled ( FC ) magnetization curves exhibited spin‐glass freezing behavior in all the samples. And the low‐temperature magnetic hysteresis loop displayed the ferromagnetism of BiFeO 3 with different structures and the phenomenon of exchange bias, respectively.
Glioma-Induced Alterations in Neuronal Activity and Neurovascular Coupling during Disease Progression (2020)

Diffusely infiltrating gliomas are known to cause alterations in cortical function, vascular disruption, and seizures. These neurological complications present major clinical challenges, yet their underlying mechanisms and causal relationships to disease progression are poorly characterized. Here, we follow glioma progression in awake Thy1-GCaMP6f mice using in vivo wide-field optical mapping to monitor alterations in both neuronal activity and functional hemodynamics. The bilateral synchrony of spontaneous neuronal activity gradually decreases in glioma-infiltrated cortical regions, while neurovascular coupling becomes progressively disrupted compared to uninvolved cortex. Over time, mice develop diverse patterns of high amplitude discharges and eventually generalized seizures that appear to originate at the tumors' infiltrative margins. Interictal and seizure events exhibit positive neurovascular coupling in uninfiltrated cortex; however, glioma-infiltrated regions exhibit disrupted hemodynamic responses driving seizure-evoked hypoxia. These results reveal a landscape of complex physiological interactions occurring during glioma progression and present new opportunities for exploring novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer. (2017)

466 Background: Gemcitabine (GEM) plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP) and FOLFIRINOX (FFX) are standard first-line chemotherapy regimens for metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC) patients. GEM and S-1 are also used for these patients in Japan. However, the phase 3 trials included a small proportion of recurrent pancreatic cancer (RPC) patients, and patients who had received adjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. In clinical practice, RPC is treated in the same way as MPC. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of chemotherapy between RPC and MPC. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the patients with RPC or MPC who received GnP, FFX, GEM, or S-1 as first-line chemotherapy between January 2014 and March 2016 in our institution. RPC was defined as pancreatic cancer with recurrence after R0 or R1 resection. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), response rate (RR), and disease control rate (DCR) were evaluated. Multivariate analyses of OS were performed with the use of a Cox proportional-hazard model. Results: A total of 181 patients, 40 RPC and 141 MPC, were selected in this study. RPC and MPC groups were similar with respect to age, sex, and performance status (PS). However, the RPC group had lower percentage of liver metastases (P &lt; 0.001). The regimens were GnP/FFX/GEM/S-1: 10/3/20/7 in the RPC group and 37/34/67/3 in the MPC group, respectively. In the RPC group, 31 of 40 patients had received adjuvant chemotherapy; S-1/GEM: 24/7. The median OS was 16.6 months in the RPC group as compared with 9.7 months in the MPC group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37–1.10, P = 0.11). The median PFS was 4.8 months in the RPC group and 4.4 months in the MPC group (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.57–1.30, P = 0.47). The RR was 10% versus 14% (P = 0.79), the DCR was 50% versus 52% (P = 0.86), in the two groups, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed PS (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.38–3.49) and liver metastases (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.47–2.34) were independent predictors of OS. On the other hand, RPC or MPC was not found to be an independent prognostic factor (HR 1.19, 95% CI 0.67–2.13). Conclusions: It is suggested that chemotherapy in RPC may have similar efficacy compared to MPC. The relatively longer OS in the RPC group seems to associate with the lower percentage of liver metastases.
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (2008)

Translation and mRNA decay are coupled processes; the link is most obvious in the case of NMD (nonsense-mediated mRNA decay). NMD is a mechanism that drastically reduces the level of mRNA harbouring PTCs (premature translation termination codons). The defining event in NMD is premature translation termination and the key question is: what distinguishes premature from normal translation termination? Surprisingly, in mammalian cells, PTC recognition is linked to pre-mRNA splicing. Here, we review the current understanding in view of recent developments.
39% Increase in Footage and 50% Decrease in Drilling Dysfunctions Achieved via Implementation of Shaped and Multidimensional Inserts in the Slimhole Lateral Section through Hard Carbonates (2020)

Drilling operations in the Middle East contain many applications where extended reach laterals target hard and interbedded carbonate reservoirs. Such applications are associated with elevated levels of drilling dysfunctions resulting in tool reliability and bit durability issues. These challenges include lateral and torsional vibrations that impact the drilling system longevity and premature cutting structure damage resulting in multiple drilling trips and an increase of nonproductive time (NPT). To address the lateral stability and loss of drilling efficiency challenges of drilling hard carbonates, this paper explores three new concepts applied to drill polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit design. The 5.875′ Slimhole section through hard carbonate of the Middle East was identified as the target application. A study of existing PDC drill bit performance in this section was conducted to determine current design limitations and set objectives. After optimizing the cutting structure and overall PDC bit frame, three new design concepts were also incorporated. Targeting lateral stability, a "chisel" shaped diamond element (SDE) was placed trailing the cutting structure to provide a stable drilling response. Multiple iterations were studied to optimize the bit lateral stability without compromising bit efficiency. The iterations included changing the radial position, the count and orientation angle of these elements. Non-planar faced PDC inserts were strategically placed on the bit cutting structure to reduce the cutting temperatures during rock cutting, and increase the drilling efficiency. Depth of cut control (DOCC) rubbing elements are commonly used to mitigate stick-slip dysfunctions, but standard DOCC elements wore down too quickly to maintain their function. An impregnated blade based DOCC rubbing element was implemented to maintain the stick-slip protection throughout the length of the run. The new PDC bit design completed six successful field trials in the target section and achieved an average increase of 39% in footage and 11% in rate of penetration. Validation of the design concepts via comparing surface data, downhole vibrations data and the bit dull condition showed marked improvements in the desired metrics. A step change improvement of 50% in the level of lateral vibrations and torsional stability was achieved due to the combination of the SDE and the impregnated DOCC elements. The bit drilled consistently smoother protecting the bit &amp; BHA. Final dull conditions also improved with a reduction in broken or chipped cutters across the cutting structure due to MCE inserts. Combination of innovative geometries and materials targeting stability and efficiency significantly increased performance, reduced NPT and lowered tool maintenance costs in one iteration.
Preparation of a Series of Chalcogenolate‐Bridged Diruthenium Complexes and Their Catalytic Activities Toward Propargylic Substitution Reactions. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The race toward long wavelength VCSELs (2002)

We discuss the merits and tradeoffs for approaches currently under development for 1300 and 1550 nm VCSELs. The eventual winning approach will optimally address a combination of technical performance, commercial manufacturability and market requirements.
A Sol–Gel Process for Fabrication of NiO/NiCo2O4/Co3O4Composite with Improved Electrochemical Behavior for Electrochemical Capacitors (2012)

Transition metal oxides possess multiple oxidation states that enable rich redox reactions for pseudo capacitanc. They have been investigated as promising electrode materials to achieve high energy density. In this study, NiO/NiCo(2)O(4)/Co(3)O(4) composite with high specific surface and mesoporous structure is fabricated by a sol-gel process then calcined at 250 °C. Benefits from the improved electron conductivity and effective mesoporous structure, the fabricated composite exhibits high specific capacitance (1717 F g(-1)), enhanced rate capability, and excellent electrochemical stability (94.9% retention after 1000 cycles). Interestingly, the specific capacitance of the composite is higher than that of NiO, NiCo(2)O(4), and Co(3)O(4), which indicates a synergistic effect of the composite on improvement of electrochemical performance. The findings demonstrate the importance and great potential of NiO/NiCo(2)O(4)/Co(3)O(4) composite in development of high-performance energy-storage systems.
Adaptive algorithms for joint time delay estimation and IIR filtering (1995)

A new class of gradient-based algorithms for joint adaptive time delay estimation and IIR filtering for the recursive identification of systems with long pure delays is introduced. The algorithms update an adaptive delay estimate and the coefficients of an IIR filter using familiar gradient-descent methods. In addition, interpolation of the input sequence is used to obtain delays that are not constrained to integer numbers of samples. Three algorithms using a direct form filter parametrization and one using a normalized lattice filter are derived, and computer simulations are used to demonstrate their convergence and tracking properties.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
On the existence of additional miscibility gap in Ni cCu 1-c fcc alloy (2012)

In 20 specimens the tension-free anastomosis of the facial nerve with the phrenic nerve that cut in the subclavian vein level can be achieved, in 2 specimens the tension-free anastomosis can not be achieved.
Organogermanium Compounds; Spectrscopic Study on the Influence of Aryl Groups in the Organogermanium Aryl Compounds on the (p-d)p Intraction (1989)

& & & T h esynthesis and properties of arylgermanium compounds through the reactions of aryllithium with germanium halides were investigated.'H-Nmr spectroscopic analysis showed the (p-d)n interaction between the germanium atom and the double bond of the aryl group to diminish in the following group order: 2-benzofuranyl> 2-furanyl > 2-benzothiophenyl > 2-thiophenyl > phenyl group.A study of the physical properties of compounds of the type R3M-CH=CH-R' (M=Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb) indicated that the interactions of the p-orbitals of c-electrons in multiple bonds with the d-orbitals of M atoms can be characterized by ir, Raman and nmr studies.' Lukevits et aLz recently succeeded for the first time in synthesizing furylgermanes with functional substituents as organometallic furan derivatives; they examined the influence of substituents in the furan ring on (p-d)n interactions.In the present study, the synthesis of arylgermanium compounds (phenyl, thiophenyl, furanyl, benzothiophenyl, and benzofuranyl groups) was carried out so as to make a comparison of the (p-djrr interactions involved in these compounds.Reactions of alkyl and aryl halides with germanium halide in the presence of a suitable catalyst!usually copper, provide a direct route for the synthesis of alkyl or aryl germanium compounds.However, for general laboratory purpose, the reactions of organolithium or magnesium with alkyl and aryl halides have been used on a broad scale?We prepared arylgermanium compounds (1) and (' 2) using organolithium reagents, as shown by equations ( 1) and (2).Germanium tetrachloride and l,l-dichlorogerma-3-cyclopentene5 were also used as germanium halides so that the effects of aryl groups on the germanium atom could be compared with those of the alkenyl groups.
FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR INJECTED IN CEREBRAL VENTRICLES DOES NOT DECREASE MEAN ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE (1992)

Intracerebroventricular injections of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) in rats did not elicit any change in the mean arterial blood pressure, and also did not appreciably affect the hypotensive effect of intravenous injections of aFGF. These observations are of general clinical interest, since such effects could constitute important drawbacks for the therapeutic applications of FGF.
A Continuous Process for the Purification of Terpenyl Amines Using a Reversible Acid‐Base Reaction (2017)

Abstract The reversible reactive extraction of long‐chain terpenyl amines (TPAs) using organic acids as reactive extractants was investigated. The scope of suitable acids has been extended and semicontinuous and continuous experiments were performed to prove the applicability of this concept. High extraction yields could be achieved using a variety of acids in batch and semicontinuous experiments. Furthermore, the recovery and separation of the extracted TPAs from the extractant phase has been studied. The TPAs can be recovered in high yields and purities by simple means of process parameter changes. The proposed process allows the separation and purification of TPAs in high yields and purities without the creation of salts or other chemical by‐products.
MKC-1 significantly increases survival of mice bearing renal cell carcinoma Caki-1 xenograft tumors through inhibition of the Akt/mTOR pathway (2007)

B290 MKC-1 (previously Ro 31-7453) is a novel, orally active cell cycle inhibitor with significant in vitro and in vivo activity against a broad range of tumor cell lines. MKC-1 has antiproliferative activities at an IC50 value of 200 nM towards most tumor cell lines. In contrast, renal cell carcinoma cell lines are sensitive to MKC-1, with IC50 values ranging from 20 to 80 nM towards Caki-1, Caki-2, RCC2 and RCC2/VHL cells. Several proteins have been identified as binding targets of MKC-1, including microtubules (colchicine binding site) and members of the importin-β family (involved in nuclear transport and spindle formation). The importin-β family are proteins comprised of a series of HEAT repeats, which are tandemly-arrayed structural elements thought to act as “scaffolding” platforms for protein interactions. mTOR is similarly composed largely of HEAT repeats, and is one of the proteins most closely related to the importins phylogenetically. Therefore, we explored whether MKC-1 inhibited the Akt-mTOR pathway. MKC-1 treatment resulted in inhibition of p-mTOR and its downstream target, p70(thr389)S6kinase in Caki-1 cells. Akt activates mTOR and Akt is activated by PDK1 on Thr308 and mTOR/rictor on Ser473. MKC-1 treatment of Caki-1 cells resulted in a dose and time dependent reduction in p(Ser473)Akt, but not p(ser241)-PDK1. MKC-1 was tested for activity against a panel of 100 recombinant kinases, and was shown to have significant activity only towards GSK3β, with an IC50 value of 7 nM. No inhibition of PI3K, PDK1, or Akt itself was observed. Akt activation results in phosphorylation of a number of substrates in addition to mTOR, including MDM2, FOXO, and IKK. Phosphorylation of MDM2 was also reduced by exposure of cells to MKC-1. The mechanism by which MKC-1 impacts the Akt/mTOR pathway is currently being investigated. However, the data are consistent with inhibiting the mTOR/rictor pathway. In vivo, daily oral treatment with MKC-1 (200 mg/kg) significantly increased the median survival time (MST) of mice bearing Caki-1 renal cell xenograft tumors. The MST for the control treated animals was 49.5 days with no animals surviving on day 88. In contrast, MKC-1 treated animals resulted in a MST of 88 days. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that MKC-1 interferes with the Akt/mTOR pathway important to cancer progression, and has significant activity in preclinical RCC tumor models. MKC-1 may provide clinical benefit in the treatment of renal cell cancer.
Characterization and Identification of Enterococcus Species Isolated from the Intestines of Animals (1987)

Tests useful for the identification of Enterococcus strains were applied to a collection of isolates from animal intestines and to reference strains, all of which were capable of growth on 40% bile and in 6.5% NaCI. Most strains could be identified as known species, and their characteristics corresponded, with a few exceptions of minor importance, with those described for Enterococcus hirae, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus mundtii, Enterococcus gallinarum, Enterococcus avium, and Enterococcus casseliflavus. However, some diagnostically important carbohydrate reactions of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium strains differed from those given in the species descriptions and in recent reports. Production of acid from d-raffinose andd-xylose by E. faecium varied with the host species from which the strains were isolated. E. durans and E. gallinarum were isolated only from poultry, whereas E. avium was found only in mammals.
Tumescent Technique for Regional Anesthesia Permits Lidocaine Doses of 35 mg/kg for Liposuction (1990)

The tumescent technique for local anesthesia permits regional local anesthesia of the skin and subcutaneous tissues by direct infiltration. The tumescent technique uses large volumes of a dilute anesthetic solution to produce swelling and firmness of targeted areas. This investigation examines the absorption pharmacokinetics of dilute solutions of lidocaine (0.1% or 0.05%) and epinephrine (1:1,000,000) in physiologic saline following infiltration into subcutaneous fat of liposuction surgery patients. Plasma lidocaine concentrations were measured repeatedly over more than 24 hours following the infiltration. Peak plasma lidocaine levels occurred 12-14 hours after beginning the infiltration. Clinical local anesthesia is apparent for up to 18 hours, obviating the need for postoperative analgesia. Dilution of lidocaine diminishes and delays the peak plasma lidocaine concentrations, thereby reducing potential toxicity. Liposuction reduces the total amount of lidocaine absorbed systemically, but does not dramatically reduce peak plasma lidocaine levels. A safe upper limit for lidocaine dosage using the tumescent technique is estimated to be 35 mg/kg. Infiltrating a large volume of dilute epinephrine assures diffusion throughout the entire targeted area while avoiding tachycardia and hypertension. The associated vasoconstriction is so complete that there is virtually no blood loss with liposuction. The tumescent technique can be used with general anesthesia or IV sedation. However, with appropriate instrumentation and surgical method, the tumescent technique permits liposuction of large volumes of fat totally by local anesthesia, without IV sedation or narcotic analgesia.
Tailoring chiral optical properties by femtosecond laser direct writing in silica (2023)

An object that possesses chirality, that is, having its mirror image not overlayed on itself by rotation and translation, can provide a different optical response to a left- or right-handed circular polarized light. Chiral nanostructures may exhibit polarization-selective optical properties that can be controlled for micro-to-nano optical element engineering. An attractive way to induce such complex nanostructures in three-dimension in glass is femtosecond laser direct writing. However, the mechanism of femtosecond laser induced chirality remains to be unveiled due to complex physical and chemical processes occurring during the ultrashort light-matter interaction. Here, a phenomenological model is proposed and is built on two-layers phase shifters to account for this laser-induced optical chirality in an initially achiral material (silica glass). This model is based on the observation that femtosecond laser induced nanogratings own two principal contributions to its aggregate birefringent response: a form and a stress-related one. By refining this formalism, a multilayer approach is developed to imprint on demand optical rotation. Values up to +/-60° at 550 nm within an optimal 80 μm thickness in silica glass are possible, corresponding to the highest value in a glass to date. These results provide new insights of circular-optical control in micro-nano optical manufacturing and open new opportunities for photonics applications.
Control Strategy of UPS for Data Center Based on Economic Dispatch (2018)

In this paper, a data center UPS controlled strategy based on economic dispatch is proposed to reduce data center operation cost. Using the improved Niche Genetic Algorithm based on fuzzy clustering, a data center UPS charge-discharge plan which has data center running at the lowest cost is investigated and obtained the UPS hourly schedule output curve. The plan ensured that data center is less dependent on the local power grid and makes full use of new energy supply power and cost. Based on uncertainty of the power demand of data center and the local grid's real-time power price, confirmed the optimal value of the direct power purchase of data center. Simulation example reveals that, in the same data center structure, load and operating environment, the proposed control strategy has effectively reduced the operating cost of the system by running a a reasonable and efficient UPS control strategy, also indicated it is practical strategy with high usage value.
Increased Pyrophosphate in Fibroblasts and Lymphoblasts from Patients with Hereditary Diffuse Articular Chondrocalcinosis (1981)

The metabolic and genetic factors leading to deposition of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in cartilage of patients with chondrocalcinosis are not well understood. Analysis of cultured fibroblasts and lymphoblasts from 12 affected members of a large kindred showed a mean concentration of intracellular inorganic pyrophosphate two times greater than that in cells from unaffected family members or normal, unrelated volunteers. Increased intracellular pyrophosphate may, therefore, be a biochemical marker for the heterozygous expression of the chondrocalcinosis gene.
Chronic fatigue syndrome prevalence is grossly overestimated using Oxford criteria compared to Centers for Disease Control (Fukuda) criteria in a U.S. population study (2017)

CFS prevalence using Fukuda criteria and quadrant analysis were near the upper limits of previous epidemiology studies. The CFSQ may have utility for on-line and outpatient screening. The Oxford criteria were untenable because they inappropriately selected healthy subjects with mild fatigue and chronic idiopathic fatigue and mislabeled them as CFS.