gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification and Structure Determination of Novel Anti-inflammatory Mediator Resolvin E3, 17,18-Dihydroxyeicosapentaenoic Acid (2012)

Bioactive mediators derived from omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) elicit potent anti-inflammatory actions. Here, we identified novel EPA metabolites, including 8,18-dihydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (8,18-diHEPE), 11,18-diHEPE, 12,18-diHEPE, and 17,18-diHEPE from 18-HEPE. Unlike resolvins E1 and E2, both of which are biosynthesized by neutrophils via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway, these metabolites are biosynthesized by eosinophils via the 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway. Among them, two stereoisomers of 17,18-diHEPE, collectively termed resolvin E3 (RvE3), displayed a potent anti-inflammatory action by limiting neutrophil infiltration in zymosan-induced peritonitis. The planar structure of RvE3 was unambiguously determined to be 17,18-dihydroxy-5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,15E-EPE by high resolution NMR, and the two stereoisomers were assigned to have 17,18R- and 17,18S-dihydroxy groups, respectively, using chemically synthesized 18R- and 18S-HEPE as precursors. Both 18R- and 18S-RvE3 inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro at low nanomolar concentrations. These findings suggest that RvE3 contributes to the beneficial actions of EPA in controlling inflammation and related diseases.
Avoiding complications in combined phacotrabeculectomy (2002)

Combined phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy offers the advantage of relieving both cataract and increased intraocular pressure in one surgical sitting. The procedure however entails greater risks than either alone. An approach to minimize these risks is described.
Influence of Gravity on the Microstructure of Directionally Solidified Ag&ndash;Si Eutectic Alloy (1999)

In order to study the influence of gravity on the eutectic growth of Ag–Si and Al–Si alloys, both the downward (direction of gravity) and upward (opposite to direction of gravity) unidirectional solidifications were carried out. In the case of the downward U.D.S., the molten metal is confined between the crucible and solid. This inevitably produces the shrinkage cavity at the solid/liquid interface during solidification. In this study, the zone-melting technique was used to avoid this cavity formation. The results of this study were as follows:(1) In the case of the downward U.D.S. of the Ag–Si alloy, the eutectic silicon phase grew discontinuously and dispersed in the α-Ag phase with a diameter of several micrometers. This is caused by the large difference in specific density between silver and the silicon phase. On the other hand, in the case of the upward U.D.S., the silicon phase grew continuously and its morphology showed the typical faceted/non-faceted eutectic.(2) The eutectic silicon phase of the Al–Si alloy grew continuously regardless of growth direction. There was no morphological difference between the upward and downward U.D.S. specimens.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dimethyl 2‐Oxo‐1,3,2‐diazaphospholidine Precursor of Z‐α,β‐Unsaturated Esters. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Milk Bioactive Proteins and Peptides (2013)

Milk proteins are known for their high nutritive value and diverse functional properties. Beyond these qualities, milk proteins have gained growing scientific and commercial interest as a source of biologically active molecules that can deliver distinct health benefits. These biomolecules are found in both casein and whey protein fractions and can be isolated and purified industrially. The native milk proteins exhibit a wide range of biological activities that may influence digestive functions, metabolic responses to absorbed nutrients, growth and development of organs and disease resistance. These activities can be attributed in particular to whey-derived proteins, such as immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase, and growth factors. Whey proteins have been associated with reduction of the risk of chronic human diseases reflected by the metabolic syndrome, e.g. obesity, hypertension and type 2 diabetes. The potential health effects of milk proteins are expanded by the recent discovery of many peptides exerting different bioactivities. For these reasons, milk proteins are now recognized as a highly valuable source of biomolecules that extend the value of milk in human nutrition and promotion of good health. Protein-derived biomolecules are found in colostrum and milk of all domesticated mammals but their concentrations differ remarkably between species. At present, cow milk and whey are the industrially most exploited sources of bioactive proteins, as their properties are quite well characterized and purification techniques more advanced as compared to similar compounds from other dairy animals. The recognized biodiversity of milk biomolecules offers great potential for better utilization of domesticated dairy animals.
A systems biology strategy to identify molecular mechanisms of action and protein indicators of traumatic brain injury (2014)

The multifactorial nature of traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially the complex secondary tissue injury involving intertwined networks of molecular pathways that mediate cellular behavior, has confounded attempts to elucidate the pathology underlying the progression of TBI. Here, systems biology strategies are exploited to identify novel molecular mechanisms and protein indicators of brain injury. To this end, we performed a meta-analysis of four distinct high-throughput gene expression studies involving different animal models of TBI. By using canonical pathways and a large human protein-interaction network as a scaffold, we separately overlaid the gene expression data from each study to identify molecular signatures that were conserved across the different studies. At 24 hr after injury, the significantly activated molecular signatures were nonspecific to TBI, whereas the significantly suppressed molecular signatures were specific to the nervous system. In particular, we identified a suppressed subnetwork consisting of 58 highly interacting, coregulated proteins associated with synaptic function. We selected three proteins from this subnetwork, postsynaptic density protein 95, nitric oxide synthase 1, and disrupted in schizophrenia 1, and hypothesized that their abundance would be significantly reduced after TBI. In a penetrating ballistic-like brain injury rat model of severe TBI, Western blot analysis confirmed our hypothesis. In addition, our analysis recovered 12 previously identified protein biomarkers of TBI. The results suggest that systems biology may provide an efficient, high-yield approach to generate testable hypotheses that can be experimentally validated to identify novel mechanisms of action and molecular indicators of TBI.
Kombinierte Katarakt- und vitreoretinale Chirurgie (2010)

Both cataract and many vitreoretinal diseases occur more frequently and often at the same time in the elderly population. Therefore, one has to consider whether to combine cataract surgery and vitrectomy or to plan a sequential approach. The aim of the present survey - based on a thorough review of the current literature - is to point out the advantages and disadvantages of a combined versus a sequential approach. Furthermore, practically oriented guidelines have been compiled for finding the right indication for a combined procedure with regard to the underlying vitreoretinal disease.
The laminar horseshoe vortex (1979)

The horseshoe vortex formed around the base of a cylinder by a separating laminar boundary layer has been investigated experimentally. Smoke flow visualization shows that both steady and unsteady vortex systems exist. Pressure distributions beneath both types of vortex system have been measured and the variation of the horseshoe vortex position on the plane of symmetry upstream of the cylinder has been determined. Unsteady horseshoe vortex systems are shown to have a complex oscillatory behaviour and the nature of this oscillatory behaviour is described. Using smoke flow visualization techniques some measurements have been made of the velocity distributions within horseshoe vortex systems.
Convolutional Neural Network and Motor Current Signature Analysis during the Transient State for Detection of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motors (2020)

Although induction motors (IMs) are robust and reliable electrical machines, they can suffer different faults due to usual operating conditions such as abrupt changes in the mechanical load, voltage, and current power quality problems, as well as due to extended operating conditions. In the literature, different faults have been investigated; however, the broken rotor bar has become one of the most studied faults since the IM can operate with apparent normality but the consequences can be catastrophic if the fault is not detected in low-severity stages. In this work, a methodology based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for automatic detection of broken rotor bars by considering different severity levels is proposed. To exploit the capabilities of CNNs to carry out automatic image classification, the short-time Fourier transform-based time-frequency plane and the motor current signature analysis (MCSA) approach for current signals in the transient state are first used. In the experimentation, four IM conditions were considered: half-broken rotor bar, one broken rotor bar, two broken rotor bars, and a healthy rotor. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposal, achieving 100% of accuracy in the diagnosis task for all the study cases.
Master/Slave Control of Input-Series- and Output-Parallel-Connected Converters: Concept for Low-Cost High-Voltage Auxiliary Power Supplies (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This paper deals with low-cost high input voltage auxiliary power supplies. The objective of the paper is to give an overview of the existing solutions, and then present a new, efficient, and cost-effective solution. The proposed solution is based on input-series- and output-parallel (ISOP)-connected converters topology and simple decoupled master/slave control strategy. The main output voltage is controlled by the master converter, while the input voltages and output currents are controlled and balanced by the slave converter. The ISOP topology has two important advantages, namely the use of two series-connected rated for lower voltage converters gives a significant reduction of the switch-mode power supply overall cost and size, and lossfree balancing of the voltages of the input serially connected filter capacitors. The proposed solution is theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified on a laboratory setup. The experimental results are presented and discussed. </para>
The liver in thyrotoxicosis. (1967)

Liver damage in hyperthyroidism has been repeatedly described in various papers during the last century1, but its frequency and extent are controversial. While marked hepatic anatomical changes were mentioned very often in the initial reports,2-4two more recent communications hold the opposite view.5,6 The present study was undertaken as a result of these discrepancies, and an attempt is made to explain previously conflicting evidence analyzing our results according to Albot's investigations on liver histology.7 Material and Method This study includes 23 patients who were divided into two groups. The first group is made up of 15 patients with hyperthyroidism, and the other, which serves as control group, comprises eight thyroid patients without thyrotoxicosis but with miscellaneous thyroid disorders (three with nodular goiters, one with a diffuse goiter, two with thyroiditis, and two with myxedema). Thyroid function was tested by the basal metabolic rate, protein-bound iodine,8
In vivo amygdala nuclei volumes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders (2020)

Abstract Background Abnormalities in amygdala volume are well-established in schizophrenia and commonly reported in bipolar disorders. However, the specificity of volumetric differences in individual amygdala nuclei is largely unknown. Methods Patients with schizophrenia disorders (SCZ, n=452, including schizophrenia, schizoaffective and other psychotic disorders, mean age 30.7±9.2 (SD), females 44.4%), bipolar disorders (BP, n=316, including bipolar I and II, 33.7±11.4, 58.5%) and healthy controls (n=753, 34.1±9.1, 40.9%) underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Total amygdala and nuclei volumes as well as intracranial volume (ICV) were estimated with Freesurfer (v6.0.0). Analysis of covariance and multiple linear regression models, adjusting for age, age 2 , ICV and sex, were fitted to examine diagnostic group and subgroup differences in volume, respectively. Results Bilateral total amygdala and all nuclei volumes, except the medial and central nuclei, were significantly smaller in patients relative to controls. The largest effect sizes were found for the basal nucleus, accessory basal nucleus and cortico-amygdaloid transition area (partial η2 &gt; 0.02). The diagnostic subgroup analysis showed that reductions in amygdala nuclei volume were most widespread in schizophrenia, with the lateral, cortical, paralaminar and central nuclei being solely reduced in this disorder. The right accessory basal nucleus was marginally smaller in SCZ relative to BP (t = 2.32, p = 0.05). Conclusions Our study is the first to demonstrate distinct patterns of amygdala nuclei volume reductions in a well-powered sample of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Volume differences in the basolateral complex (lateral, basal, accessory basal nuclei) may be putative neuroimaging markers for differentiating schizophrenia and bipolar disorders.
Molecular approaches for identification of infectious agents in Wegenerʼs granulomatosis and other vasculitides (1999)

The primary symptoms of many vasculitides resemble those of infectious diseases. Patients with Wegener's granulomatosis usually seek medical care for respiratory tract symptoms resembling those caused by infection or allergy. In addition, vasculitis is a well-documented manifestation of infection by some known microbial agents. There have been relatively few controlled studies, however, seeking to identify infectious agents as the triggering factors in systemic vasculitides. Molecular methods offer powerful approaches for the identification of infectious agents in diseases of previously unknown origin. These methods include broad-range amplification of microbial nucleic acid sequences and comparative or subtractive methods, such as differential display and representational difference analysis. Host gene expression profiles (using DNA-chip technology) may also provide clues as to the possible infectious cause of an idiopathic disease. Furthermore, the application of molecular methods may reveal pathologic mechanisms and novel therapeutic strategies for the vasculitides.
Glycomimetic Inhibitors of Mycobacterial Glycosyltransferases: Targeting the TB Cell Wall (2008)

Tear down the wall: Ready methods for the construction of libraries of both α- and β-aza-C-rhamnomimetics with high levels of diastereoselectivity have allowed the identification of inhibitors of rhamnosyl-processing enzymes. These include the first examples of analogues of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis sugar L-rhamnose that are inhibitors of mycobacterial biosynthetic pathways. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2268/2008/z800189_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The role of Finite Element Method software in the teaching of electromagnetics (2014)

Finite Element Methods (FEM) are increasingly being used to facilitate the study, design and solving of complex engineering problems. However, in more classical fields such as physics, and even in many engineering electromagnetics courses, the analytical aspect of problem solving is sometimes the only angle taken by authors and teachers. Electric and magnetic fields are often seen as abstract constructs that are difficult to grasp for some students. The goal of this paper is to show how the use of FEM software can help improve the learning experience in the area of electromagnetics. Case studies are reported to show three main benefits offered by such tools: providing a means of visualizing abstract notions such as vector fields, allowing the treatment of cases that have no analytical solution, and facilitating the exploration of modifications to design parameters.
Development of Intermediate Moisture Fish Patties from Minced Rockfish Meat (Sebastes sp.) (1999)

Abstract An Intermediate Moisture (IM) fish patty was formulated from rockfish mince (85.7%), sorbitol (6.0%), soy protein isolate (2.0%), tapioca starch (2.0%), chicken bouillon (1.3%), refined salt (2.5%), and dried seasonings (0.5%). The mixture was dehydrated at 40 °C for 10 h and vacuum packaged. The dried product had a moisture content of 33% and a water activity of 0.82. The desorption isotherm was sigmoid in shape indicating water activity of the product at ambient temperature in the Philippines would remain stable. Seasonings were added to improve the taste and possibly the stability of the product. Sorbitol addition improved the texture, as judged by a sensory panel, as well as the rehydration index of the patties. Humectat and seasonings improved the overall acceptability of the patties by a sensory panel. Product was prepared with and without preservatives (potassium sor-bate and TBHQ), dehydrated at 40 °C for 10 h, vacuum packed and held at 38°C or −20°C for two months. Moisture content, water activity, pH, rehydration index, TEA value, Hunter-Gardner color, texture profile, amino acid composition, sensory properties and microbial growth were determined at storage intervals. Instrumental and sensory tests showed no significant differences (p < 0.05) among samples stored with or without preservative and at −20°C vs. 38°C. Key Words: Intermediate moisturefish mincefish pattystorage stabilityrockfishSebastes
HPLC analysis of disulfide bond formation in duplexes containing the abasic site analog. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;(&lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;C&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;E&lt;/b&gt;, and &lt;b&gt;F&lt;/b&gt;) Chromatograms of the duplexes, in which X represents the abasic site analog, after the reactions for the indicated length of time. C4 and C3 represent the 4-mercaptobutyl and 3-mercaptopropyl groups, respectively. The y-axis of each chromatogram was normalized. The cross-linked products and the sulfinic acid-containing oligonucleotides are indicated by an arrow and an asterisk, respectively, and the results of the DTT treatment of the products are shown in red. (&lt;b&gt;D&lt;/b&gt;) Comparison of the product formation between AP-6 (C4) and AP·A-6 (C4). The product peak areas in panels &lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt; were quantified.&lt;/p&gt;
Multi-Robot Hunting in Dynamic Environments (2008)

This paper is concerned with multi-robot hunting in dynamic environments.A BCSLA approach is proposed to allow mobile robots to capture an intelligent evader.During the process of hunting, four states including dispersion-random-search, surrounding, catch and prediction are employed.In order to ensure each robot appropriate movement in each state, a series of strategies are developed in this paper.The dispersion-search strategy enables the robots to find the evader effectively.The leader-adjusting strategy aims to improve the hunting robots' response to environmental changes and the outflank strategy is proposed for the hunting robots to force the evader to enter a besieging circle.The catch strategy is designed for shrinking the besieging circle to catch the evader.The predict strategy allows the robots to predict the evader's position when they lose the tracking information about the evader.A novel collision-free motion strategy is also presented in this paper, which is called the direction-optimization strategy.To test the effect of cooperative hunting, the target to be captured owns a safety-motion strategy, which helps it to escape being captured.The computer simulations support the rationality of the approach.
Chemical ionization mass spectrometery utilizing and isotopically labeled reagent gas (1994)

The use of a mixture of 5% ammonia in methane, where the ammonia is 50% (15)N-labeled, provides a very useful reagent gas for chemical ionization mass spectrometry. We find that this combination gives spectra very much like pure ammonia reagent gas except that all of the adduct ions are clearly labeled.
Retrograde Ejaculation After Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (2003)

A transperitoneal approach to the lumbar spine at L4-L5 and L5-S1 has a 10 times greater chance of causing retrograde ejaculation in men than a retroperitoneal approach.
Effects of Head Motion on the Evaluation of Age-related Brain Network Changes Using Resting State Functional MRI (2020)

Our findings showed that head motion during functional imaging could significantly affect the evaluation of age-related brain network changes using resting state fMRI data.
Ferromagnetic FePt-Nanoparticles/Polycation Hybrid Capsules Designed for a Magnetically Guided Drug Delivery System (2011)

The present Article describes the synthesis of ferromagnetic capsules approximately 330 nm in diameter with a nanometer-thick shell to apply to magnetic carriers in a magnetically guided drug delivery system. The magnetic shell of 5 nm in thickness is a nanohybrid, composed of ordered alloy FePt nanoparticles of approximately 3-4 nm in size and a polymer layer of a cationic polyelectrolyte, poly(diaryldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA). The magnetic capsules have an excellent capacity for carrying medical drugs and genes. Surface-modified silica particles with PDDA were used as a template for the capsules. FePt nanoparticles were deposited on the PDDA-modified silica particles through a polyol method followed by dissolving the silica particles with a NaOH solution, resulting in the formation of the magnetic capsules as the final product. A three-dimensional hollow structure is maintained by the nanohybrid shell. The FePt-nanoparticles/PDDA nanohybrid shell also exhibits a ferromagnetic feature at room temperature because the FePt nanoparticles of an ordered-alloy phase are formed with the aid of PDDA despite the small size (3-4 nm).
Carrier-Based Linear Decoupling Control of a Three-Phase Four-Leg Shunt Active Power Filter (2007)

Current harmonics caused by nonlinear loads yield major power quality related problems in the utility. Such harmonics are commonly reduced by employing static compensators known as active power filters (APF). APF topologies are of various types, depending on technical and economical requirements; and their performance is intimately related to the applied control algorithm. In this paper, a new constant-frequency linear decoupling control scheme is proposed for a shunt three-phase four-leg APF. The APF is used to compensate the current distortion and the reactive power created by a typical industrial load. The elaboration of the control law is based on a small-signal averaged model of the converter, computed in the (d,q,0) synchronous frame. The control scheme consists of embedded current and voltage loops that ensure respectively current wave shaping at the AC side of the filter, and voltage regulation at the DC side. The control system is implemented numerically using the Matlab/Simulink tool. The performance of the proposed control approach is finally discussed through the obtained simulation results.