gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Os(phen)2dppz2+ in Photoinduced DNA-Mediated Electron Transfer Reactions (1996)

The photoinduced electron transfer chemistry between Os(phen)2dppz2+ and Rh(phi)2bpy3+ bound to DNA has been characterized. Os(phen)2dppz2+ serves as an isostructural analogue for Ru(phen)2dppz2+ with a red-shifted emission spectrum, access to a 3+ oxidation state which is stabilized by ∼500 mV relative to the ruthenium complex, and excited-state lifetimes below 10 ns in the presence of DNA. Emission from Δ-Os(phen)2dppz2+ bound to calf thymus DNA is efficiently quenched by Δ-Rh(phi)2bpy3+, and a lower limit for the quenching constant is set at 7 × 109 s-1. The quenching profile over a range of quencher concentrations is found to be remarkably similar to that of the ruthenium analogue, despite an increase of ∼200 mV in ΔG for the photoinduced, forward electron transfer reaction. Such an observation may indicate the importance of the HOMO energy in the donor excited state, which is similar for both donors. Owing to the lack of spectral overlap between Os(phen)2dppz2+ emission and Rh(phi)2bpy3+ absorption, energy transfer does not contribute to the observed quenching, and therefore, on the basis of the similarity in quenching profiles for the osmium and ruthenium donors, we can also rule out energy transfer in the photoinduced quenching of intercalated Ru(phen)2dppz2+ by Rh(phi)2bpy3+. Moreover, diffusional processes are found not to contribute to quenching, since the faster intrinsic excited state of the osmium complex compared to ruthenium does not lead to a reduction in quenching efficiency. Transient absorption measurements on the microsecond time scale furthermore reveal a transient signal for this electron transfer process, and this transient intermediate has been assigned to the oxidized donor (Os(III)) on the basis of full spectral characterization and comparison to chemical oxidation of Os(II).
An Iminocoumarin‐Based Fluorescent Probe for the Selective Detection of Dual‐Specific Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (2010)

Seeing is believing: A fluorescent probe for monitoring the activity of dual-specific protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) has been developed (see scheme). Selective enzymatic hydrolysis and subsequent intramolecular cyclization results in a highly fluorescent iminocoumarin fluorophore. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Ru Electrode Deposited by Sputtering in Ar/O2 Mixture Ambient (1998)

Ru films are fabricated by dc magnetron sputtering in an Ar/O 2 ambient, as the bottom electrodes of Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 thin film capacitors. The Ru films deposited on Si in an Ar/O 2 mixture ambient show low resistivity and low film stress and do not form Ru 2 Si 3 following thermal processing even at 700°C. It becomes clear that there exist very thin amorphous and crystalline layers composed of Ru, Si and O between the Ru films and Si in the case of Ru films deposited in an Ar/O 2 ambient. A low contact resistance at the Ru/n + -Si interface is obtained after annealing at 700°C. An effective SiO 2 film thickness of 0.42 nm is obtained for an actual Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 film thickness of 42 nm with a leakage current of less than 1×10 -8 A/cm 2 in the range between -1.5 V and +1.8 V for a Ru/Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 /Ru/n + -Si capacitor without a barrier metal layer.
Printable Solid Electrolyte Interphase Mimic for Antioxidative Lithium Metal Electrodes (2020)

Abstract Despite the ever‐growing demand for Li metals as next‐generation Li battery electrodes, little attention has been paid to their oxidation stability, which must be achieved for practical applications. Here, a new class of printable solid electrolyte interphase mimic (pSEI) for antioxidative Li metal electrodes is presented. The pSEI (≈1 µm) is directly fabricated on a thin Li metal electrode (25 µm) by processing solvent‐free, UV polymerization‐assisted printing, exhibiting its manufacturing simplicity and scalability. The pSEI is rationally designed to mimic a typical SEI comprising organic and inorganic components, in which ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate and diallyldimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide are introduced as an organic mimic (acting as a moisture‐repellent structural framework) and inorganic mimic (allowing facile Li‐ion transport/high Li + transference number), respectively. Driven by the chemical/architectural uniqueness, the pSEI enables the thin Li metal electrode to show exceptional antioxidation stability and reliable full cell performance after exposure to humid environments.
Replacement of the carotid artery using nonreversed saphenous vein. (1988)

Carotid artery replacement has been performed with a nonreversed saphenous vein in one patient who had carotid artery resection in association with resection of a squamous carcinoma at the carotid bifurcation. An excellent result was obtained. The technical aspects of this procedure are described herein.
Stereoselective Syntheses of the Methyl Esters of (E)‐ and (Z)‐2‐Methyl‐6‐oxohept‐2‐enoic Acid. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
α-AlF3 by XPS and XAES Referenced by Au 4f7/2 (1998)

Powder XRD defined α-AlF3 has been investigated by XPS and XAES using the Au 4f7/2 orbital for static charge referencing. This feature originates from well-defined and chemically inert 20 nm gold particles deposited in a highly dispersed pattern on the sample surface. The particles, with a sharp particle size distribution, were obtained from a highly purified colloidal solution (Na concentration below 1 mg/l−1). This procedure allows a determination of gold-referenced XPS and XAES data sets.
An Attitude Control System for a Low-Cost Earth Observation Satellite with Orbit Maintenance Capability (1999)

Abstract. UoSAT-12 is a low-cost minisatellite built by Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. (SSTL), it is amongst other objectives also a technology demonstrator for high performance attitude control and orbit maintenance on a future constellation of earth observation satellites. The satellite uses a 3-axis reaction wheel configuration and a cold gas propulsion system to enable precise and fast control of its attitude, for example, during orbit manoeuvres. Magnetorquer coils assist the wheels mainly for momentum dumping. This paper describes the various attitude control modes required to support: 1) the initial attitude acquisition phase, 2) a high resolution imager payload during pointing and tracking of targets, 3) the propulsion system during orbit manoeuvres. The specific attitude controllers and estimators used during these control modes are explained. Various simulation and in-orbit test results are presented to evaluate the performance and design objectives. To improve the control and estimation accuracy, on-board calibration and alignment procedures for the sensors and actuators are utilised. Some calibration results and the resulting improvement in accuracy from these procedures are shown.
Cytokinin-Dependent Photorespiration and the Protection of Photosynthesis during Water Deficit (2009)

We investigated the effects of P(SARK)IPT (for Senescence-Associated Receptor KinaseIsopentenyltransferase) expression and cytokinin production on several aspects of photosynthesis in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv SR1) plants grown under optimal or restricted (30% of optimal) watering regimes. There were no significant differences in stomatal conductance between leaves from wild-type and transgenic P(SARK)-IPT plants grown under optimal or restricted watering. On the other hand, there was a significant reduction in the maximum rate of electron transport as well as the use of triose-phosphates only in wild-type plants during growth under restricted watering, indicating a biochemical control of photosynthesis during growth under water deficit. During water deficit conditions, the transgenic plants displayed an increase in catalase inside peroxisomes, maintained a physical association among chloroplasts, peroxisomes, and mitochondria, and increased the CO(2) compensation point, indicating the cytokinin-mediated occurrence of photorespiration in the transgenic plants. The contribution of photorespiration to the tolerance of transgenic plants to water deficit was also supported by the increase in transcripts coding for enzymes involved in the conversion of glycolate to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. Moreover, the increase in transcripts indicated a cytokinin-induced elevation in photorespiration, suggesting the contribution of photorespiration in the protection of photosynthetic processes and its beneficial role during water stress.
The Influence of Activator on Vapour Phase Aluminizing of TiAl Intermetallics (2015)

The paper presents results of research into the aluminizing process of TiAl intermetallics. The substrate was Ti48Al2Cr2Nb intermetallic alloy. The BPX Pro 325S CVD system was used for aluminizing process. Used in the experimental were four types of activators: AlCl 3 , AlF 3 , ZrCl 4 and HfCl 4 . During the aluminizing process 2 kg of Al-Cr granules were put in a container. The deposition process was carried out in argon atmosphere for a duration of 4 hours at the temperature of 1000°C. The XRD and chemical analysis were conducted. The results showed than aluminide coatings contained TiAl 2 and TiAl 2 phases were formed using an AlF 3 activator. In other processes the amount of Al in the coatings was smaller than in the substrate. The obtained results showed that for the aluminizing process use of aluminum fluorides is necessary.
Braille line using electrical stimulation (2007)

Conceived within the field of Rehabilitation Technologies for visually impaired persons, the present work aims at enabling the blind user to read written material by means of a tactile display. Once he is familiarized to operate this system, the user will be able to achieve greater performance in study, academic and job activities, thus achieving a rapid and easier social inclusion. The devise accepts any kind of text that is computer-loadable (documents, books, Internet information, and the like) which, through digital means, can be read as Braille text on the pad. This tactile display is composed of an electrodes platform that simulate, through stimulation the writing/reading Braille characters. In order to perceive said characters in similar way to the tactile feeling from paper material, the skin receptor of fingers are stimulated electrically so as to simulate the same pressure and depressions as those of the paper-based counterpart information. Once designed and developed, the display was tested with blind subjects, with relatively satisfactory results. As a continuing project, this prototype is currently being improved as regards.
Modifications of membrane lipids in response to wounding of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves (2015)

Mechanical wounding of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves results in modifications of most membrane lipids within 6 hours. Here, we discuss the lipid changes, their underlying biochemistry, and possible relationships among activated pathways. New evidence is presented supporting the role of the processive galactosylating enzyme SENSITIVE TO FREEZING2 in the wounding response.
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy of Long-Chain Molecules Containing Strongly Absorbing Chromophores (1987)

Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy shows considerable promise as a new characterization technique for molecules which contain chromophores which absorb in the visible region, the region where conventional Raman measurements are made. With the use of near-infrared excitation, spectra in the absence of fluorescence and resonance enhancement are obtained. These advantages can be further enhanced if the collection of data using this technique becomes routine, requiring a level of complexity comparable to that of conventional Raman scattering. Toward that end, the implementation of a 90° scattering geometry in our FT-Raman measurements was undertaken, and the results are shown to be at least comparable to those obtained with the use of reflective optics in a 180° geometry. A number of results on both liquids and solids have also been obtained in order to compare FT-Raman with conventional scanning Raman measurements.
Mercados financieros on line y protección procesal de los consumidores: cuestiones de competencia judicial internacional a la luz de la decisión del TJUE en el asunto Reliantco Investments. (2021)

espanolLa contratacion de instrumentos financieros a traves de plataformas digitales por parte de personas fisicas que actuan al margen de una actividad profesional y el incumplimiento por parte de las empresas de inversion de sus obligaciones legales de informacion y asesoramiento, ha dado lugar a una importante jurisprudencia del TJUE sobre la interpretacion de los foros de competencia judicial internacional de alcance europeo por los que se protege a los consumidores. Este articulo analiza las consecuencias de esta jurisprudencia y su impacto sobre el principio de coherencia en el Derecho internacional privado europeo. EnglishThe contracting of financial instruments through online platforms by natural persons acting outside their profesional activity and the breach by investments firms of their legal information and advice obligations, has given rise to an important CJEU case law about the interpretation of the European international jurisdiction rules by which consumers are protected. This article analyzes the consequences of this jurisprudence and its impact on the principle of coherence in European private international law.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkali (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr) and Alkaline Earth (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) Metals (1987)

Abstract Review: (235 refs.
Peptide permeases modulate transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae (1994)

To identify elements participating in the process of transformation, a bank of genetically altered mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae with defects in exported proteins was assessed for a decrease in transformation efficiency. One mutant consistently transformed 10-fold less than the parent strain. Sequence analysis and reconstitution of the altered locus revealed a gene, plpA (permease-like protein), which encodes a putative substrate-binding protein belonging to the family of bacterial permeases responsible for peptide transport. The derived amino acid sequence for this gene was 80% similar to AmiA, a peptide-binding protein homologue from pneumococcus, and 50% similar over 230 amino acids to Spo0KA which is a regulatory element in the process of transformation and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. PlpA fusions to alkaline phosphatase (PhoA) were shown to be membrane associated and labelled with [3H]-palmitic acid, which probably serves as a membrane anchor. Experiments designed to define the roles of the plpA and ami determinants in the process of transformation showed that: (i) mutants with defects in plpA were > 90% transformation deficient while ami mutants exhibited up to a fourfold increase in transformation efficiency; (ii) compared to the parental strain, the onset of competence in an ami mutant occurred earlier in logarithmic growth, whereas the onset was delayed in a plpA mutant; and (iii) the plpA mutation decreases the expression of a competence-regulated locus. Since the permease mutants would fail to bind specific ligands, it seems likely that the substrate-permease interaction modulates the process of transformation.
The Preliminary Design and Implementation of the Maestro Network Control Platform (2008)

Network operation is inherently complex because it consists of many functions such as routing, firewalling, VPN provisioning, traffic load-balancing, network maintenance, etc. To cope with this, network designers have created modular components to handle each function. Unfortunately, in reality, unavoidable dependencies exist between some of the components and they may interact accidentally. At the same time, some policies are realized by compositions of different components, but the methods of composition are ad hoc and fragile. In other words, there is no single mechanism for systematically governing the interactions between the various components. To address these problems, we propose a clean-late system called Maestro. Maestro is an “operating system” that orchestrates the network control applications that govern the behavior of a network, and directly controls the underlying network devices. Maestro provides abstractions for the modular implementation of network control applications, and is the first system to address the fundamental problems originating from the concurrent operations of network control applications, namely communication between applications, scheduling of application executions, feedback management, concurrency management, and network state transition management. As the This research was sponsored by the NSF under grant numbers CNS0520280, CNS-0721990, CNS-033162, CNS-0448546 and by Microsoft Corporation. Views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of NSF, Microsoft Corporation, or the U.S. government. networking industry moves towards building directly controllable devices like the OpenFlow Switch, we believe Maestro can become a common platform.
Using Histograms to Find Compressor Deviations in Bus Fleet Data (2014)

Cost effective methods for predictive maintenance are increasingly demanded in the automotive industry. One solution is to utilize the on-board signals streams on each vehicle and build self-organizing systems that discover data deviations within a fleet. In this paper we evaluate histograms as features for describing and comparing individual vehicles. The results are based on a long-term field test with nineteen city buses operating around Kungsbacka in Halland. The purpose of this work is to investigate ways of discovering abnormal behaviors and irregularities between histograms of on-board signals, here specifically focusing on air pressure. We compare a number of distance measures and analyze the variability of histograms collected over different time spans. Clustering algorithms are used to discover structure in the data and track how this changes over time. As data are compared across the fleet, observed deviations should be matched against (often imperfect) reference data coming from workshop maintenance and repair databases.
Extracellular Matrix Stiffness Modulates Microvascular Morphology During Early Sprouting Angiogenesis In Vitro (2009)

Sprouting angiogenesis is associated with changes in matrix stiffness[1]. Neovessel growth and morphology are in turn affected by the changes in matrix orientation or forces acting on the matrix[2]. Matrix rigidity influences the formation of cord like structures[3, 4] and could play a role in development of tissue specific vascular morphology or inhibit cellular functions in diseases. The effect of matrix stiffness on neovessel growth from preformed vasculature has not been examined. Matrix stiffness could be increased both by an increase in matrix density[5] as well as increased crosslink formation, as in hyperglycemia[6]. It is thus essential to first identify the effect of increase in local stiffness alone, in the absence of artificially induced crosslinks, which may interfere with matrix orientation. Our aim is to characterize changes in early angiogenesis associated with ECM of different densities and relate these to changes in matrix orientation.
Bis[1-(isopropylideneamino)guanidinium] bis(3-nitrobenzoate) monohydrate (2009)

The asymmetric unit of the title salt hydrate, 2C(4)H(11)N(4) (+)·2C(7)H(4)NO(4) (-)·H(2)O, comprises two independent 1-(isopropyl-ideneamino)guanidinium cations, two independent 3-nitro-benzoate anions and a water mol-ecule of crystallization. There are minimal geometric differences between the two planar [maximum deviations 0.061 (2) and 0.088 (2) Å] cations, and between the two almost planar anions [C-C-C-O and C-C-N-O torsion angles of 0.3 (3) and 11.1 (4) °, respectively in the first anion and -173.7 (2) and -0.1 (4), respectively in the second anion]. Extensive O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding between all components of the structure leads to the formation of a two-dimensional array with an undulating topology in the bc plane.
Auditors' forecasting in going concern decisions: framing, confidence and information processing (2005)

Forecasts provide a key factor in determining whether a client remain a going-concern. 
Auditors’ judgments and decision choices may be called upon to evaluate a forecast that could 
shed light on a company’s going-concern status. This research attempts to model evaluations and 
choice and two additional components influencing auditors’ opinions in the going concern task: 
decision framing and confidence in the decision that is made. 
A field experiment was conducted in which auditors assessed a company’s forecasted 
financial statements and made a decision about whether to issue an examination report 
supporting the statements. A revised information processing model was presented and tested that 
added the roles of framing and confidence in auditors’ decision making. It was found that 
decision framing influenced auditors’ perception. Perceived understanding influenced 
subsequent evaluations of the reasonableness of client-provided financial forecasts, which in turn 
influenced decisions about whether to issue an assurance letter supporting the forecasted 
financial statements.
Blister Formation on Graphite/Polymer Composites Galvanically Coupled with Steel in Seawater (1989)

A graphite/polymer composite material was directly coupled with mild steel and im mersed in natural seawater for intervals up to three months. After three weeks, blister for mation was evident in the composite material. The exact cause of blister formation and the nature of the blisters is undetermined at this time, although some initial mechanisms are reviewed. It is evident that the corrosion process plays a major role in the formation of blisters.
Unidirectional solidification of Sn- Pb alloys under forced melt flow (2012)

Cylindrical Sn-Pb alloy samples of different compositions (10, 20 and 30 wt.-% Pb) were prepared from high purity (4N) components. After metals have been melted, a rotating magnetic field (RMF) with an induction of 150 mT and a frequency of 50 Hz was switched on in order to homogenize the liquid. The electromagnetic field was generated by a 3-phase, 2-pole inductor. Just before the start of the solidification process, the magnetic field was switched off to achieve a microstructure free of melt flow influence. The sample translation velocity was constant (0.05 mm/s), and the temperature gradient changed from 7 to 3 K/mm during the solidification process. The first half part of each sample solidified without influence of rotating magnetic field while solidification of the second half part proceeded under the action of the RMF. The columnar microstructure formed in the absence of RMF induced fluid flow was replaced after switching on the RMF by a characteristic "Christmas tree"- like macro-segregated structure with equiaxed dendrites. The secondary dendrite arm spacing and the volume fraction of primary tin phase (dendrite) were measured by an automatic image analyzer on the longitudinal polished sections along the whole length of the samples. The effect of the forced melt flow and alloy composition on its micro- and macrostructure development was investigated.