gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct CO2 Capture from Air using Poly(ethylenimine)-Loaded Polymer/Silica Fiber Sorbents (2019)

Direct CO2 capture from atmospheric air is gaining increased attention as one of the most scalable negative carbon approaches available to tackle climate change if coupled with the sequestration of CO2 geologically. Furthermore, it can also provide CO2 for further utilization from a globally uniform source, which is especially advantageous for economies without natural sources of carbon-based feedstocks. Solid-supported amine-based materials are effective for direct air capture (DAC) due to their high CO2 uptakes and acceptable sorption kinetics at ambient temperature. In this work, we describe the application of polymer/silica fiber sorbents functionalized with a primary amine-rich polymer, poly(ethylenimine) (PEI), for DAC. Monolithic fiber sorbents composed of cellulose acetate and SiO2 are synthesized via the dry-jet, wet quench spinning technique. These fibers are then functionalized with PEI (Mw 800 Da) in a simple and scalable postspinning infusion step and tested for CO2 capture under pseudoequilibrium conditions as well as under breakthrough conditions. An investigation to study the effect of feed flow rate, adsorption temperature, and presence of moisture in the feed on the CO2 breakthrough performance of a densely packed fiber sorbent module is conducted to highlight the potential application of this class of structured contactors in direct air capture. The pressure drop of these contactors at high gas velocities is also evaluated. Finally, a vacuum-assisted desorption step is demonstrated for production of high-purity CO2 from both dry and humid ambient air mixtures.
Long Wavelength Fluoride Fibre System Using A 2.7µm Fluoride Fibre Laser (1989)

Doped fibre lasers at wavelengths suitable for optical communications systems have been extensively reported in the literature [1,2] along with preliminary measurements of the system performance of erbium doped silica fibre amplifiers [3,4].
An intelligent strategy to robot coordination and control (1990)

Constructs an intelligent control strategy for the robust coordination and control of robot manipulators. Two strategic issues are considered for robot position/force control: (1) the effective integration of the low-level adaptive control law with the coordination-level intelligent system; (2) the design a robust robot controller to account for the contact forces frequently encountered in the execution of a specific task. The two-level hierarchical structure of an intelligent/adaptive control scheme can resolve a complex contact problem. On the control level, fast convergence and robustness properties are dealt with, and position and force control are applied separately to quasi-static contact problems. On the coordination level, the strategic fuzzy rule base is exploited to cope with uncertainties by utilizing a logic-branching feedback control. A technique for a real-time trajectory modifier is developed for complex tasks, and the pin-insertion problem is used to demonstrate the integration of both levels, including manipulator dynamics and positional uncertainty in the workspace.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Carbon Nanotube Membranes for Energy Efficient Carbon Sequestration Final Report CRADA No. TC02155.0 (2018)

This was a collaborative effort between Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC as manager and operator of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and Porifera, Inc. to develop Carbon Nanotube Membranes for Energy-Efficient Carbon Sequestration.
Transactors: Unifying Transactions and Actors (2009)

Composability and deadlock-freedom are important properties that are stated for transactional memory (TM). Commonly, the Semantics of TM requires linearization of transactions. It turns out that linearization of transactions that have cyclic communication brings incomposability and deadlock. Inspired from TM and Actors, this work proposes Transactors that provide facilities of isolation from TM and communication from Actors. We define the semantics of Transactors including support for cyclic transactional communication. An algorithm implementing this semantics is offered. The soundness of the algorithm is proved.
Inhaled NO impacts vascular but not extravascular compartments in postischemic peripheral organs (1999)

Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) reduces pulmonary hypertension and dampens various aspects of lung inflammation; however, its effects are thought to be restricted to the lung because of its short half-life in biological systems. More recently, however, NO was shown to nitrosylate hemoglobin, albumin, and other plasma molecules to form stable nitrosothiol derivatives and could have an impact on the periphery. We examined whether inhaled NO could have an impact on the two compartments of distal organs, namely, the intravascular and extravascular spaces. The feline intestine was exposed to 1 h of ischemia and 1 h of reperfusion, and intestinal blood flow and mucosal dysfunction were measured in animals ventilated with room air and inhaling 0 or 80 ppm NO. A decrease in intestinal blood flow and an increase in mucosal barrier leakiness were noted in animals not exposed to inhaled NO. The intestinal blood flow impairment was entirely reversed in animals breathing 80 ppm NO, but the mucosal dysfunction was not affected. We further examined whether inhaled NO could reach the extravascular space by simply inhibiting NO in the intestine with the NO synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) that causes an increase in mucosal permeability that is rapidly reversed with NO donors. However, inhaled NO had no effect on the rise in mucosal permeability. L-NAME reduced lymph nitrosothiol concentrations, but inhaled NO could not replenish these levels. To further explore the intravascular impact of inhaled NO, we used intravital microscopy to visualize the microvasculature and demonstrated that inhaled NO could be initiated after reperfusion and still reduced microvascular disturbances, including reversing the impairment in blood flow and increasing leukocyte adhesion. The effects of inhaled NO persisted for an additional hour after termination of NO inhalation, consistent with a dramatic increase in nitrate within 1 h of NO inhalation, which persisted for 1 h after the termination of NO inhalation. These data suggest that inhaled NO can reach distal organs to dramatically improve reperfusion-induced microvascular but not extravascular dysfunction.
Antibacterial activity of some Lamiaceae species against Staphylococcus aureus in yoghurt-based drink (Doogh) (2018)

Doogh is a dairy drinkable fermented product, whose shelf-life and quality is mostly affected by bacteria such as Staphylococcus spp.. This study investigated the antibacterial activity of essential oils (EOs) from Thymus vulgaris L., Mentha piperita L. and Ziziphora tenuior L., alone or in combination, against Staphylococcus aureus in industrial doogh. A three-level and three-variable face centered central composite design experiment was used. Results showed that EOs significantly inhibited S. aureus growth after 1 and 7 days of storage. According to the model, the maximum inhibition was obtained in the presence of 0.2% of EO, independently of the type, and no synergistic or additive effects were observed. Slightly lower S. aureus survivals were observed at the maximum concentration of Z. tenuior EO. In spite of the antimicrobial activity of these EOs, further research is needed to assess their performance in food matrix and, in particular, in dairy product.
Microseismic event detection: Comparing P-wave migration with P- and S-wave cross-correlation (2014)

Summary In this work we compare the performance of two methods of microseismic event detection: a migration-based algorithm and a master-slave cross-correlation technique. The migration-based technique uses only P-wave while the cross-correlation uses both P- and S-waves. We apply both techniques to field data and show that results with both methods overlap down to stack SNR=10. Below this value, cross-correlation does not detect most of the events that were detected with migration. In this study there is more S-wave than P-wave energy as observed on 3-C records. This results in better performance of cross-correlation detection for S-wave than P-wave.
The Polarization Spectrum and Magnetic Field Strength of the White Dwarf Grw+70'8247 (1975)

The wavelength dependence of the circular and linear polarization of the magnetic white dwarf Grw + has been obtained with A resolution in the range 0.3-1.1 . There is no strong evidence for variability of either circular or linear polarization. The wavelength dependence of circular polarization is interpreted as being due to magnetic circular dichroism in a helium atmosphere. The mean longitudinal field strength estimated from both the circular polarization longward of 4000 A, which is due to He - opacity, and from the strong ultraviolet polarization feature, caused by the bound-free opacity of He , is 4-5 x 10 gauss. The linear polarization is probably due to a transverse field, estimated at 5 &gt;c 10 to 106 gauss, again on the basis of He- opacity. New observations of the absorption feature at 5855 A are presented, and this is identified with the quadratically shifted component of the 5876 line of He originating in a lower field region of 1.5 x 10 gauss. Subject headings: magnetic stars - polarization - stars, individual - white dwarf stars
Precipitation of magnesium hydroxide (1978)

Abstract Mg(OH) 2 was precipitated from MgCl 2 and NaOH solutions in a continuous agitated reactor and the effects of the solutions concentration, residence time of suspension in the reactor and stoichiometric ratio of the reacting components on the properties of Mg(OH) 2 were studied. The properties of the resulting suspension were evaluated on the basis of its filtration resistance α as determined by a filtration test. The value of α is inversely proportional to mean residence time of the suspension in the reactor and it depends, at the same time, on the ratio of concentration of the precipitated solutions γ = [MgCl 2 ]/[NaOH]. A critical value of γ can be assessed for a continuous reactor and when this value is exceeded a comparatively well filtering suspension with α ≦ 10 12 m · kg −1 is always obtained. The relationship between α and the parameters of the precipitation process was expressed quantitatively within the framework of the exiting theories.
Topological Analysis of the Electron Density in Model Azolium Systems for Thiamin Structure−Function:  Sulfur Is the Electron Sink and Positively Polarized Carbanions Act as Nucleophiles (2005)

The mechanism of thiamin diphosphate-dependent enzyme reactions requires two carbanion intermediates 1a and 1b. Neither has been isolated nor detected, but resonance stabilization is assumed to occur with the thiazolium quaternary nitrogen being the electron sink. We have questioned the electronic nature of these carbanion intermediates and, in a broader sense, the role of sulfur in the thiazolium moiety. To address these issues the theory of atoms in molecules (AIM) was used to acquire quantitative electron distributions in thiazolium 2, oxazolium 3, and imidazolium 4 as cations and zwitterions. Among the heteroatoms, only sulfur acts as an electron sink. This is corroborated by a similar behavior in phosphorothioates. Further, the formal carbanion at C2 and Cα of the intermediates are positively charged and their nucleophilic character is explained with AIM theory by comparison with the σC- of model 5a and πC- of model 6a. C2 of 2a excels in lone-pair coverage in the σ-plane, surpassing the σC- in acyclic 5a and other cyclic ylidenes, and hence, is a more effective nucleophile. The πC- of 6a reveals a depletion area centered in the σ-plane but shows lone-pair concentration above and below the plane. Unlike 6a, the AIM properties, bond length, and bond order of 2b indicate no lone-pair on Cα but essentially a double bond across C2−Cα. Thus, the nucleophilic behavior at Cα of 1b is based on the enamine chemistry induced by an electrophile.
Entacapone in combination with standard or controlled‐release levodopa/carbidopa: a clinical and pharmacokinetic study in patients with Parkinson's disease (1995)

We investigated clinical response and pharmacokinetics of levodopa when entacapone, a catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor, was administered concomitantly with either a standard (Std) or a controlled-release (CR) levodopa/carbidopa preparation to 12 patients with Parkinson's disease. An open cross-over study consisted of the initial study day without entacapone followed by two 10-day treatment periods with a study day at the end of each period. The patients who received entacapone (200 mg t.i.d. or q.i.d.) concomitantly with Std levodopa/carbidopa (200/50 mg t.i.d. or q.i.d.) during the first period received subsequently entacapone with CR levodopa/carbidopa (200/50 mg t.i.d. or q.i.d.), and vice versa. On the study days, the patients took the medication at 8 a.m. and the second dose 6 h later. We evaluated the disability before drug administration and then 1-h intervals for 8 h. Repeated blood samples were taken for analysis of plasma levodopa, 3-O-methyldopa (3-OMD), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), carbidopa, and entacapone. Entacapone decreased significantly the clinical disability with both Std and CR levodopa, slightly more with Std levodopa. The clinical response started earlier with Std levodopa whereas the "on"-time increased by about 1 h, equally with both levodopa preparations. Std levodopa produced 23% higher area under the curve (AUC) of levodopa than the CR preparation, but entacapone increased the AUC approximately equally, 33% with Std and 36% with CR levodopa. Entacapone slightly decreased Cmax of levodopa in combination with Std levodopa, whereas it increased that with CR levodopa. The AUC of 3-OMD was about 20% smaller after Std than after CR levodopa. Entacapone decreased the AUC of 3-OMD by 38-40% with both levodopa preparations. Entacapone did not modify the AUC levels of carbidopa although its bioavailability was less from CR levodopa than from Std levodopa. In three patients levodopa dosage was reduced when on Std levodopa because of nausea. Otherwise, the treatments were well tolerated. The study shows that entacapone is an effective COMT inhibitor when combined with either Std levodopa or CR levodopa.
Social Dynamics of Storytelling: Implications for Story-Base Design (1999)

Stories that are contributed to electronic story-bases designed for ongoing contributions are influenced by some of the same social dynamics that affect everyday storytelling. This paper summarizes how power, risk, and collaboration influence storytelling; describes methods used by professional story elicitors; and draws implications for story-base design.
Characterization of Effector Lymphocytes Associated with Immunity to Murine Sarcoma Virus (MSV)-Induced Tumors (1977)

Abstract Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) and specific CTL precursor cells can be generated during the immune response to syngeneic tumors induced by murine sarcoma virus (MSV) in the mouse. MSV-immune spleen cells yield high numbers of specific CTL after incubation in vitro with irradiated tumor cells in syngeneic secondary mixed leukocyte-tumor cell cultures (sec-MLTC). Peak cytolytic activity generated in sec-MLTC is detectable on day 7 after culture initiation and decreases slowly thereafter. This report presents data showing that highly active CTL could be regenerated upon tertiary stimulation of long-term sec-MLTC with irradiated tumor cells bearing MSV-associated antigens. CTL activity recovered from tertiary MLTC could be detected in a short-term (3 hr) 51Cr release assay, and increased levels of cytolysis were already evident 24 hr after culture re-initiation. It was also shown that cells recovered from MLTC 12 days after tertiary restimulation could be further stimulated by specific tumor antigen in quaternary MLTC to yield increased CTL numbers. These results thus indicated that T lymphocytes could be repeatedly stimulated by specific tumor antigen in syngeneic MLTC to yield increasing numbers of cytolytic cells. Furthermore, the tumor antigen used for the initial stimulation of MSV-immune spleen cells in sec-MLTC appeared to have induced a specific selection of CTL precursor cells, since only syngeneic tumor cells bearing MSV-associated antigens were capable of inducing high levels of CTL regeneration in tertiary MLTC.
O-GlcNAc glycosylation orchestrates fate decision and niche function of bone marrow stromal progenitors (2022)

SUMMARY In mammals, interactions between the bone marrow (BM) stroma and hematopoietic progenitors contribute to bone-BM homeostasis. Perinatal bone growth and ossification provide a microenvironment for the transition to definitive hematopoiesis; however, mechanisms and interactions orchestrating the development of skeletal and hematopoietic systems remain largely unknown. Here, we establish intracellular O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification as a posttranslational switch that dictates the differentiation fate and niche function of early BM stromal cells (BMSCs). By modifying and activating RUNX2, O-GlcNAcylation promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and stromal IL-7 expression to support lymphopoiesis. In contrast, C/EBPβ-dependent marrow adipogenesis and expression of myelopoietic stem cell factor (SCF) is inhibited by O-GlcNAcylation. Ablating O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in BMSCs leads to impaired bone formation, increased marrow adiposity, as well as defective B-cell lymphopoiesis and myeloid overproduction in mice. Thus, the balance of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs is determined by reciprocal O-GlcNAc regulation of transcription factors, which simultaneously shapes the hematopoietic niche.
State vector description of the proliferation of mammalian cells in tissue culture. II. Effects of single and multiple doses of ionizing radiations. (1967)

The previously developed formalism describing the proliferation of cultured mammalian cells (Biophys. J. 6, 276, 1966) is extended to include effects of single and multiple doses of ionizing radiations. Specific operators are presented in matrix form; these operators permit calculation of the effects of stage-dependent radiation-induced cell killing and mitotic delay on the subsequent cellular kinetics. Calculations of surviving fractions after multiple radiation exposures are shown to be a natural extension of the theory. Values of D0 and extrapolation numbers obtained from X-irradiated synchronized Chinese hamster cells are used to calculate response of an exponentially growing population, and good agreement with measured data is obtained. The survival of these cells after a two-dose experiment is then analyzed. It is shown that, in addition to cell killing and mitotic delay, repair of sublethal damage needs to be taken into account. Repair appears to be complete 3 to 4 hours after the conditioning dose...
Highly stacked InGaAs quantum dot laser diodes fabricated by ultrahigh‐rate molecular beam epitaxial growth technique (2012)

Abstract Up to 19 stacks of high‐density (∼5 × 10 10 cm ‐2 ) self‐assembled InGaAs quantum dots (QDs) on a GaAs (001) substrate were fabricated by ultrahigh‐rate (1.0 ML/s) solid‐source molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) deposition. Using these QDs, stripe laser diodes were designed and fabricated for use in 1.0‐μm waveband applications, and their operation at room‐temperature was investigated. Laser diodes having a larger number of QDs in the active region exhibited lower threshold current densities. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Barium ferrite decorated reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for effective electromagnetic interference shielding (2014)

There is an increased interest in the development of high performance microwave shielding materials against electromagnetic pollution in recent years. Barium ferrite decorated reduced graphene oxide (BaFe12O19@RGO) nanocomposite was synthesized by a high energy ball milling technique and its electromagnetic properties were investigated in the frequency range of 12.4-18 GHz (Ku band). The results showed that barium ferrite (BaFe12O19) nanoparticles with an average particle size of 20-30 nm were well distributed and firmly anchored onto the surface of the reduced graphene oxide sheets. The obtained nanocomposite exhibited a saturation magnetization of 18.1 emu g(-1) at room temperature. The presence of BaFe12O19 nanoparticles in the nanocomposite enhances the space charge polarization, natural resonance, multiple scattering and the effective anisotropy energy leading to a high electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of 32 dB (∼99.9% attenuation) at a critical thickness of 3 mm. The results suggested that the as-prepared BaFe12O19@RGO nanocomposite showed great potential as an effective candidate for a new type of microwave absorbing material.
Frying Stability of Canola Oil Blended with Palm Olein, Olive, and Corn Oils (2008)

Abstract The fatty acid composition, peroxide value (PV), acid value (AV), iodine value (IV), total tocopherols (TT) content, and total phenolics (TP) content of canola oil (CAO), palm olein oil (POO), olive oil (OLO), corn oil (COO), and the binary and ternary blends of the CAO with the POO, OLO, and COO were determined. The blends were prepared in the volume ratios of 75:25 (CAO/POO, CAO/OLO, CAO/COO) and 75:15:10 (CAO/POO/OLO, CAO/POO/COO). The CAO and its blends were used to fry potato pieces (7.0 × 0.5 × 0.3 cm) at 180 °C. During the frying process, the total polar compounds (TPC) content, AV, oil/oxidative stability index (OSI), and color index (CI) of the CAO/blends were measured. In general, frying stability of the CAO was significantly ( P &lt; 0.05) improved by the blending, and the frying performance of the ternary blends was found to be better than that of the binary blends.
Resource Allocation for Downlink Multi-Cell OFDMA Cognitive Radio Network Using Hungarian Method (2013)

This paper considers the problem of resource allocation for downlink part of an OFDM-based multi-cell cognitive radio network which consists of multiple secondary transmitters and receivers communicating simultaneously in the presence of multiple primary users. We present a new framework to maximize the total data throughput of secondary users by means of subchannel assignment, while ensuring interference leakage to PUs is below a threshold. In this framework, we first formulate the resource allocation problem as a nonlinear and non-convex optimization problem. Then we represent the problem as a maximum weighted matching in a bipartite graph and propose an iterative algorithm based on Hungarian method to solve it. The present contribution develops an efficient subchannel allocation algorithm that assigns subchannels to the secondary users without the perfect knowledge of fading channel gain between cognitive radio transmitter and primary receivers. The performance of the proposed subcarrier allocation algorithm is compared with a blind subchannel allocation as well as another scheme with the perfect knowledge of channel-state information. Simulation results reveal that a significant performance advantage can still be realized, even if the optimization at the secondary network is based on imperfect network information.