gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reliability assessment of Algangan Hemts for high voltage applications based on high temperature reverse bias test (2014)

We have submitted the AlGaN/GaN High electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) to the high temperature reverse bias(HTRB) stress to assess their reliability for high voltage operations. The effects of HTRB stress as a function of the V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DG</inf> and stress time on the DC parameters and trapping effects were investigated. The study was based on combined DC and pulsed characterization, transient measurement. It provides the following information: 1) the exposure to HTRB may result in a permanent degradation in on-state current, the transconductance, and a slightly positive shift of threshold voltage; 2) the high temperature (T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</inf> =175°C) step reverse bias (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DG</inf> stepped from 20V to 80V) stress tests revealed that the gate leakage current I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</inf> increased abruptly after 50V stress voltage V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DG</inf> ; 3) interestingly, the long term high temperature moderate reverse bias(V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DG</inf> 40V) stress resulted in some positive effects such as the decrease of gate leakage current, improved gate lag characteristics and the decrease of current collapse in pulsed measurement during the whole test; 4) the reverse-bias voltage is the key factor but for reliability assessment of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs for high voltage application based on HTRB stress; 5) The degradation mechanism of the gate leakage current under relatively high voltage HTRB test has been ascribed to the degradation metal and semiconductor interface; 6) the improved I-V characteristic under moderately voltage HTRB test has been attributed to the reduction of lateral tunneling current.
Unique niche-specific adaptation of fructophilic lactic acid bacteria and proposal of three Apilactobacillus species as novel members of the group (2021)

The present study expanded FLAB group. Fructose-rich environments have induced similar evolution in phylogenetically distant FLAB species. These are examples of convergent evolution of LAB.
CMET-31. THE ROLE OF SURGERY IN THE COMBINED TREATMENT OF BRAIN METASTASES (BM). TWELVE YEARS NEUROSURGICAL EXPERIENCE (2017)

Brain metastases represent the most common type of brain tumors, usually associated with a dismal prognosis (less than 10 months of OS) and progressive decrease of quality of life. Available data suggest that SRS and surgical resection are both excellent treatment options; surgery is favored in patients with lesions larger than 3 cm in diameter, located in posterior cranial fossa, with relevant mass effect. Finally, surgery could rule out radionecrosis, due to previously irradiation. In the last 12 years 251 BM patients underwent surgery at Neurosurgical Unit of our Institute; patients submitted to surgical resection were subsequently treated with different adjuvant therapies. This experience was analyzed in order to detect any change in type of tumors, therapeutic strategies and post-op complications. The series include 131 females and 120 males, median age at diagnosis was 59 (range 27–86). Non small cell lung cancer was the primary tumor in 37 % of the cases, followed by breast cancer in 23 % and melanoma in 14%. Infratentorial lesions were more frequent than reported in literature: 24 % vs 14%. Tumor resection offered in almost all cases immediate and long lasting relief from symptoms caused by increased intracranial pressure, without any major complications. The incidence of radionecrosis was 8%. In this period we did not observe any significant reduction of craniotomies and the location of the operated lesions remained roughly the same. Only in breast tumors there was a relevant reduction of the incidence of craniotomies due to more effective systemic treatments (p= 0.04). In our experience, surgery has maintained a significant role in the multidisciplinary treatment of BM, even after introduction of SRS. Surgery is particularly effective in rapidly reducing intracranial hypertension, improving neurologic functions, confirming diagnosis, mainly in patients with favorable prognostic features according to RPA.
Applied Machine Learning Strategies (2020)

Recent advances in machine learning (ML), fueled by new frameworks and algorithms, more powerful computing architectures, scalable cloud-based services, and availability of large-scale data sets, have enabled scientists and engineers to tackle more complex problems than ever before. Computer hardware has made tremendous leaps in processing power, bit depth, caching, and storage. Graphics processing units, developed originally for the gaming industry, provide a parallel processing capability that is ideally suited to computer vision (CV) and the simulation of artificial neural networks. The expansion to cloud-based services allows researchers virtually unlimited scaling of resources to tackle problems having millions of input attributes, with output domains up to thousands of potentially nonexclusive classes.
Seekers, Providers, Welcomers, and Storytellers (2019)

Participants in online communities often enact different roles when participating in their communities. For example, some in cancer support communities specialize in providing disease-related information or socializing new members. This work clusters the behavioral patterns of users of a cancer support community into specific functional roles. Based on a series of quantitative and qualitative evaluations, this research identified eleven roles that members occupy, such as <i>welcomer</i> and <i>story sharer</i>. We investigated role dynamics, including how roles change over members' lifecycles, and how roles predict long-term participation in the community. We found that members frequently change roles over their history, from ones that seek resources to ones offering help, while the distribution of roles is stable over the community's history. Adopting certain roles early on predicts members' continued participation in the community. Our methodology will be useful for facilitating better use of members' skills and interests in support of community-building efforts.
Bioactive lysolipids in cancer and angiogenesis (2018)

While normal angiogenesis is critical for development and tissue growth, pathological angiogenesis is important for the growth and spread of cancers by supplying nutrients and oxygen as well as providing a conduit for distant metastasis. The interaction among extracellular matrix molecules, tumor cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells is critical in pathological angiogenesis, in which various angiogenic growth factors, chemokines, and lipid mediators produced from these cells as well as hypoxic microenvironment promote angiogenesis by regulating expression and/or activity of various related genes. Sphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid, bioactive lipid mediators which act via specific G protein-coupled receptors, play critical roles in angiogenesis. In addition, other lipid mediators including prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub>, lipoxin, and resolvins are produced in a stimulus-dependent manner and have pro- or anti-angiogenic effects, presumably through their specific GPCRs. Dysregulated lipid mediator signaling pathways are observed in the contxt of some tumors. This review will focus on LPA and S1P, two bioactive lipid mediators in their regulation of angiogenesis and cell migration that are critical for tumor growth and spread.
Video-based social distancing evaluation in the cosmos testbed pilot site (2021)

Social distancing can reduce infection rates in respiratory pandemics such as COVID-19, especially in dense urban areas. Hence, we used the PAWR COSMOS wireless edge-cloud testbed in New York City to design and evaluate two different approaches for social distancing analysis. The first, \textbf{Auto}mated video-based \textbf{S}ocial \textbf{D}istancing \textbf{A}nalyzer (\textbf{Auto-SDA}), was designed to measure pedestrians compliance with social distancing protocols using street-level cameras. However, since using street-level cameras can raise privacy concerns, we also developed the \textbf{B}ird's eye view \textbf{S}ocial \textbf{D}istancing \textbf{A}nalyzer (\textbf{B-SDA}) which uses bird's eye view cameras, thereby preserving pedestrians' privacy. Both Auto-SDA and B-SDA consist of multiple modules. This demonstration illustrates the roles of these modules and their overall performance in evaluating the compliance of pedestrians with social distancing protocols. Moreover, we demonstrate applying Auto-SDA and B-SDA on videos recorded from cameras deployed on the 2nd and 12th floor of Columbia's Mudd building, respectively.
<title>Performance of the optimum receiver designed for pattern recognition with nonoverlapping target and scene noise</title> (1995)

The optimum receiver for pattern recognition is designed based on multiple-alternative hypothesis testing with unknown parameters for detecting and locating a noisy or a noise-free target in scene noise that is spatially nonoverlapping with this target. The optimum receiver designed for a noise-free target has the interesting property of detecting with no error a noise-free target having unknown illumination using operations that are independent of the scene noise statistics. In this paper, we investigate the performance of the optimum receiver designed for nonoverlapping target and scene noise in terms of rotation- and scale-sensitivity of the input targets, and discrimination against similar objects. Since, in practical systems, it is not possible to have a completely noise-free target, we examine how the performance of the optimum receiver designed for a noise-free target is affected when there is some overlapping noise on the target.
A scatter-compensated crystal interference factor in component-based normalization for high-resolution whole-body PET (2010)

On a positron emission tomography (PET) scanner consisting of block detectors, coincidence responses to scattered radiation may differ from those to true depending on the crystal pair position within a coincidence block pair. Furthermore, these differences are considered to vary according to the radial position of the coincidence block pair. These conditions create ringing artifacts in the reconstructed image due to the lack of scatter compensation in detector normalization. In component-based normalization, a scatter-compensated crystal interference factor is therefore required in addition to the scatter-compensated block profile and intrinsic crystal efficiencies. In this study, we propose a scatter-compensated component-based normalization scheme using an annulus phantom, which provides true and scattered radiations over a large transaxial field of view, and evaluates the quality of three different-sized phantom images with whole-body PET. The results showed that the proposed normalization method significantly reduces the ringing artifacts in reconstructed images with different scattered/true fractions. The proposed algorithm, which introduced the scatter-compensated crystal interference factor, worked well under different scattered/true ratio conditions and was considered to be a robust, practical normalization method in high-resolution whole-body PET.
Arthropathic properties of cell wall polymers from normal flora bacteria (1986)

Peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (PG-PS) fragments were purified from cell walls of group D streptococci (Streptococcus faecium, strains ATCC 9790 and F-24) with a protocol which minimizes autolytic activity and tested for ability to induce arthritis in rats. PG-PS fragments from cell walls of other normal flora bacteria (Peptostreptococcus productus, and Propionibacterium acnes), group A streptococci, and pseudomurein-PS fragments from cell walls of Methanobacterium formicicum, were similarly purified and tested. Upon intraarticular injection into rat ankles, all PG-PS polymers induced acute inflammation; pseudomurein-PS fragments were approximately five times less active than the PG-PS preparations. After intraperitoneal injection, P. acnes PG-PS induced a minimal acute arthritis, Peptostreptococcus productus PG-PS induced a moderately severe acute joint inflammation followed by a mild chronic arthritis, and both group A and group D streptococcal PG-PS induced severe acute arthritis which evolved into chronic, erosive joint disease; pseudomurein-PS fragments were without effect, consistent with a crucial role for the PG moiety of PG-PS. Chronic arthritis induced by group D streptococcal PG-PS subsided after 60 days, whereas that induced by group A streptococcal PG-PS was still active after 128 days. The arthropathic properties of this modest number of common normal flora bacteria suggest that different PG-PS structures derived from the normal flora have the potential to induce a wide range of responses, from transient acute to chronic erosive joint disease.
AppBus: Mobile Device Application Collaboration via Short Term Memory (2006)

The increasing quality of computation and connectivity on mobile devices has motivated a need for data-sharing between resident services. Most such services rely on the user to transfer data manually between them. This approach is not only prone to input error but also creates a significant data-entry burden for the user on a mobile device. With AppBus, we envision a cooperative data- sharing facility that provides the equivalent of a “short-term memory” for the mobile device. By leveraging this transient data store and event notification system, services can collaborate in a loosely-coupled manner that makes their combined operation appear more intuitive and seamless. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of AppBus for a mobile phone and initiate a discussion on both the utility and the limitations of this paradigm in mobile computing.
Sensitivity of the GEPARD Patient Questionnaire to Identify Psoriatic Arthritis in Patients with Psoriasis in Daily Practice: The GEPARD-Life Study (2016)

Early detection of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) remains a challenge in clinical practice. Tools such as the German Psoriasis Arthritis Diagnostic (GEPARD) questionnaire have been developed for this purpose. The aim of this study was to determine the performance of the GEPARD questionnaire in the detection of PsA in psoriasis patients following rheumatology evaluation in daily clinical practice in Germany. This was a multicenter study involving 59 dermatology units (university/general hospital/office based), and the GEPARD questionnaire was distributed to psoriasis patients. Patients who had a sum score of ≥4 positive answers were referred to a rheumatologist for evaluation of PsA. We recruited 1,512 patients, of whom approximately 50% were referred. One third of the referred patients were classified as having PsA after rheumatological assessment. Rates of PsA in university/general hospital settings were higher than those observed in a doctor's office-based setting (43.7 vs. 25.8%). The GEPARD questionnaire demonstrated easy screening of psoriasis patients for PsA.
THE PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CANNABINOL AND ITS MAJOR METABOLITE, 11-HYDROXYCANNABINOL (1987)

The pharmacological effects (catalepsy, hypothermia, pentobarbitalinduced sleep prolongation and effect on locomotor activity) of cannabinol and its major metabolite, 11-hydroxycannabinol were studied in mice. 11-Hydroxycannabinol was more potent than cannabinol in the pharmacological indices examined. The results indicate that 11-hydroxycannabinol can be categorized as an active metabolite of cannabinol.
Fetal cisterna magna septa: a normal anatomic finding. (1991)

A linear hyperechoic structure in the cisterna magna, previously described as the straight sinus, was investigated during routine obstetric ultrasound (US) examination. One hundred three fetal US examinations were performed to determine the prevalence and appearance of this finding. Also, US water-bath examination of 18 fixed postmortem specimens and fetuses was performed, and results were correlated with those of gross and microscopic examination of the fetal brain. The structure was identified in 95 (92%) prenatal examinations between 15 and 38 menstrual weeks. It was located posteriorly between the cerebellar hemispheres in the cisterna magna. In those 95 cases in which it was identified, it appeared as a single echogenic line in 31 cases (33%), as two echogenic lines in 47 (49%), or as three or more lines in 17 (18%). When two echogenic lines were identified, they appeared "cystlike" in 17 (18%) of the 95 examinations. Correlation of the gross and histologic findings demonstrated these lines to represent normal subarachnoid septa rather than the straight sinus.
Chromatic Regulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Time Course of Photosystem Stoichiometry Adjustment Following a Shift in Growth Light Quality (1997)

Photosystem stoichiometry adjustments in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were induced upon a sudden shift in the light quality during cell growth. Reversible changes in the PSI/PSII ratio were a compensation response to changes in the balance of light absorption by the two photosystems. Quantitations of PSII, Cyt b6-f complex and PSI revealed a constancy in the cellular content of PSII and the Cyt b6-f complex, and variable amounts of PSI in C. reinhardtii. These results strengthen the notion that PSI is the thyla-koid component subject to chromatic regulation and responsible for the adjustment and optimization of the PSI/ PSII ratio in the thylakoid of oxygenic photosynthesis. Additional results, obtained upon the use of protein biosynthesis translation inhibitors (chloramphenicol and cyclohex-imide), suggested that a chromatically-induced lowering of the PSI/PSII ratio in C. reinhardtii occurs by suppression of de novo biosynthesis of PSI components and, therefore, by dilution of the PSI complex in the thylakoid membrane, rather than by active degradation of assembled PSI in chlo-roplasts.
The Training Environment Support System:A System Designed To Enhance Dynamic SatelliteOperator Training (2004)

The introduction of advanced satellite technologies has necessitated the development of new satellite operations centers and, likewise, new training facilities. This paper describes the design of a training system that is intended to benefit simulation training facilities being developed to support emerging satellite operations capabilities. The objectives of this training system are threefold: (1) to increase training fidelity by emulating applications used in satellite operations but missing from the new training facilities; (2) to provide training support tools that will present trainees with explanation and guidance as well as dynamic support in the form of agent-based performance assessment and feedback; and (3) to provide an instructor operating station from which instructors can monitor and manage training.
Court intervention to address the mental health needs of mentally ill offenders (1996)

Nonclinicians in the criminal justice system should have psychiatric assistance in making appropriate dispositions for mentally ill persons. If the judge is considering mental health treatment as a condition for eliminating or reducing punishment, then, to the extent justified by the law and the nature of the offense, the judge should both mandate and monitor the treatment on an ongoing basis.
ОБЗОР МЕТОДОВ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ АППАРАТНЫХ ВОДЯНЫХ ЗНАКОВ В ЦИФРОВЫХ УСТРОЙСТВАХ ПРОГРАММИРУЕМОЙ ЛОГИКИ (2016)

Application of watermarking technology for the protection of digital devices and their descriptions is considered. Primary definitions, models, categories of attacks, characteristics and classification of watermarks are described. Hardware watermarking examples are shown.
Stabilization of Nontoxic Aβ-Oligomers: Insights into the Mechanism of Action of Hydroxyquinolines in Alzheimer's Disease (2015)

The extracellular accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides is characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, formation of diffusible, oligomeric forms of Aβ, both on and off pathways to amyloid fibrils, is thought to include neurotoxic species responsible for synaptic loss and neurodegeneration, rather than polymeric amyloid aggregates. The 8-hydroxyquinolines (8-HQ) clioquinol (CQ) and PBT2 were developed for their ability to inhibit metal-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species from Aβ:Cu complexes and have both undergone preclinical and Phase II clinical development for the treatment of AD. Their respective modes of action are not fully understood and may include both inhibition of Aβ fibrillar polymerization and direct depolymerization of existing Aβ fibrils. In the present study, we find that CQ and PBT2 can interact directly with Aβ and affect its propensity to aggregate. Using a combination of biophysical techniques, we demonstrate that, in the presence of these 8-HQs and in the absence of metal ions, Aβ associates with two 8-HQ molecules and forms a dimer. Furthermore, 8-HQ bind Aβ with an affinity of 1-10 μm and suppress the formation of large (>30 kDa) oligomers. The stabilized low molecular weight species are nontoxic. Treatment with 8-HQs also reduces the levels of in vivo soluble oligomers in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of Aβ toxicity. We propose that 8-HQs possess an additional mechanism of action that neutralizes neurotoxic Aβ oligomer formation through stabilization of small (dimeric) nontoxic Aβ conformers.
Expression of the BRL-3A Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein (rBP-30) in the Rat Central Nervous System (1989)

The expression of the BRL 3A insulin-like growth factor binding protein (rBP-30) was characterized in rat brain, hypothalamus, and pituitary tissue and cultured neuronal and astroglial cells. The 27K BP expressed by BRL 3A cells (rBP-30) was found to also be expressed in conditioned media from newborn rat astrocytes and fetal neurons, but not in the medium from the neuroblastoma cell line, B104. Moreover, a polyclonal antibody, anti HEC1, specifically immunoprecipitated the BRL 3A BP from the same conditioned media, as well as from rat cerebrospinal and amniotic fluid and from conditioned medium of cells isolated from the neurointermediate lobe of adult rat pituitary. The same antibody also immunoprecipitated hBP-31 from human CSF. Northern blot analyses showed that rBP-30 mRNA was expressed in adult rat brain and pituitary, fetal brain and liver, and in fetal neurons and newborn astrocytes maintained in culture. We conclude that the BRL 3A BP (rBP-30) is the major insulin-like growth factor binding protein in the rat CNS and may be the rat analog of hBP-31, the predominant BP in human CSF.
Reliability degradation mechanism of the ultra-thin tunneling oxide by the post-annealing (1990)

The effects of heat treatments on the reliability of ultrathin gate oxide and the mechanism of the reliability degradation are described. Dielectric breakdown reliability of ultrathin tunneling oxide for various post-annealing conditions is discussed. The dielectric breakdown reliability of ultra-thin tunneling oxide is degraded by high-temperature post-annealing. The charge to breakdown is reduced drastically with increasing annealing temperature and annealing time. The dielectric breakdown reliability degradation of ultrathin tunneling oxide by post-annealing can be explained by the tunneling oxide thinning and electric field concentration due to the increase of roughness at the polysilicon gate/ultrathin tunneling oxide interface. This increase of roughness is due to the grain growth of the polysilicon gate and viscous flow of oxide, which can be enhanced by increasing the annealing temperature and time