gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stereoselective total synthesis of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective total synthesis of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxycholecalciferolEnrico G. Baggiolini, Jerome A. Iacobelli, Bernard M. Hennessy, and Milan R. UskokovicCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 10, 2945–2948Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00374a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00374a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views890Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Organizational Capabilities for AI Implementation—Coping with Inscrutability and Data Dependency in AI (2022)

Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) implementation incorporates challenges that are unique to the context of AI, such as dealing with probabilistic outputs. To address these challenges, recent research suggests that organizations should develop specific capabilities for AI implementation. Currently, we lack a thorough understanding of how certain capabilities facilitate AI implementation. It remains unclear how they help organizations to cope with AI’s unique characteristics. To address this research gap, we employ a qualitative research approach and conduct 25 explorative interviews with experts on AI implementation. We derive four organizational capabilities for AI implementation: AI Project Planning and Co-Development help to cope with the inscrutability in AI, which complicates the planning of AI projects and communication between different stakeholders. Data Management and AI Model Lifecycle Management help to cope with the data dependency in AI, which challenges organizations to provide the proper data foundation and continuously adjust AI systems as the data evolves. We contribute to our understanding of the sociotechnical implications of AI’s characteristics and further develop the concept of organizational capabilities as an important success factor for AI implementation. For practice, we provide actionable recommendations to develop organizational capabilities for AI implementation.
Imaging by target-oriented wave-equation inversion (2009)

Abstract Wave-equation inversion is a powerful technique able to build higher-resolution images with balanced amplitudes in complex subsurface areas relative to migration alone. Wave-equation inversion can be performed in image space without making velocity-model or acquisition-geometry approximations. Our method explicitly computes the least-squares Hessian matrix, defined from the modeling/migration operators, and uses a linear solver to find the solution of the resulting system of equations. One important advantage of the explicit computation of the Hessian, compared to iterative modeling/migration operations schemes, is that most of the work (precomputing the Hessian) is done up front; afterward, different inversion parameters or schemes can be tried at lower cost. Another advantage is that the method canhandle 3D data in a target-oriented fashion. The inversion in the presence of a complex overburden leads to an ill-conditioned system of equations that must be regularized to obtain a stable numerical solution. Regularization can be implemented in the poststack-image domain (zero subsurface offset), where the options for a regularization operator are limited to a customary damping, or in the prestack-image domain (subsurface offset), where a physically inspired regularization operator (differential semblance) can be applied. Though the prestack-image-domain inversion is more expensive than the poststack-image-domain inversion, it can improve the reflectors' continuity into the shadow zones with an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio. Improved subsalt-sediment images in the Sigsbee2b synthetic model and a 3D Gulf of Mexico field data set confirm the benefits of the inversion.
Evaluating Treatment Process of Produced Water from Oil/Gas Production Platform with Scale Inhibitor (2014)

Treatment of produced water from a crude oil production platform with a flow rate of 11,000 to 13,000 barrel per day (API 34o at 49 oC) was carried out to determine optimum concentration of the injection rate of scale inhibitor before discharge overboard. The physico-chemical properties of the produced water were determined. A GBC Scientific Avanta Programmable A6080 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) was used to determine the cations while Analytical Method was adopted to determine the concentration of anions, conductivity, alkalinity, hardness, suspended solids, and the pH of the produced water. Results showed that conductivity, alkalinity, hardness, suspended solids decrease with increase in the concentration of the scale inhibitor. At 0 ppm of scale inhibitor, hardness was 1100 mg (CaC03) per litre of produced water and at 8.6 ppm hardness reduced to 800 mg (CaC03) per litre of produced water indicating that increasing the dosage of the scale inhibitor prevents scale formation. However, optimum dosage value is required to minimize the cost of production processes.
Analysis of Yee frequency selective surface (2002)

The authors address the analysis of a closely coupled three-layer frequency selective surface (FSS) with a patch-aperture-patch configuration known as the Yee (1985) surface. This surface possesses the unique characteristic that its resonance remains stable up to a large scanning angle for both TE (transverse electric) and TM (transverse magnetic) polarizations. Numerical results are shown for a circular patch-aperture-patch Yee surface with 0.28-in diameter in a 0.5-in*0.5-in square lattice. The scanning performance of the Yee surface with the circular elements replaced by Jerusalem crosses is also shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Children with severe speech impairments: caregiver survey of AAC use (1991)

To obtain information from caregivers about their children's use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) strategies and techniques, caregivers of children with severe speech impairments (SSI) followed at a pediatric rehabilitation center were surveyed (n = 110, 74% response rate). Twenty-eight percent of caregivers reported that their children used nonsymbolic expressions only because their children were “not ready” and/or were “working on skills” for aided AAC use. Caregivers of these children would change the way their children communicate by giving them normal speech, providing more services or by altering their children's AAC use. Thirty-two percent of caregivers reported their children used aided AAC. All of the aided AAC users reportedly used their systems at school and/or work, but less than 66% used their systems at home. Caregivers of these children would change their children's systems by making them more sophisticated, portable, or unbreakable. A small percentage (5%) of caregivers reported that their children used speech as their only mode of communication despite their severe speech impairments.
Secondary Structure and Position of the Cell-Penetrating Peptide Transportan in SDS Micelles As Determined by NMR (2001)

Transportan is a 27-residue peptide (GWTLN SAGYL LGKIN LKALA ALAKK IL-amide) which has the ability to penetrate into living cells carrying a hydrophilic load. Transportan is a chimeric peptide constructed from the 12 N-terminal residues of galanin in the N-terminus with the 14-residue sequence of mastoparan in the C-terminus and a connecting lysine. Circular dichroism studies of transportan and mastoparan show that both peptides have close to random coil secondary structure in water. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles induce 60% helix in transportan and 75% helix in mastoparan. The 600 MHz (1)H NMR studies of secondary structure in SDS micelles confirm the helix in mastoparan and show that in transportan the helix is localized to the mastoparan part. The less structured N-terminus of transportan has a secondary structure similar to that of the same sequence in galanin [Ohman, A., et al. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 9169-9178]. The position of mastoparan and transportan relative to the SDS micelle surface was studied by adding spin-labeled 5-doxyl- or 12-doxyl-stearic acid or Mn2+ to the peptide/micelle system. The combined results show that the peptides are for the most part buried in the SDS micelles. Only the C-terminal parts of both peptides and the central segment connecting the two parts of transportan are clearly surface exposed. For mastoparan, the secondary chemical shifts of the amide protons were found to vary periodically and display a pattern almost identical to those reported for mastoparan in phospholipid bicelles [Vold, R., et al. (1997) J. Biomol. NMR 9, 329-335], indicating similar structures and interactions in the two membrane-mimicking environments.
Cancer vaccines: Uses of HLA transgenic mice compared to genetically modified mice (2009)

Many tumor antigens have been identified that can be targeted by the immune system. Animal models that have been genetically modified to express human HLA molecules instead of their own MHC antigens have shown to be valuable in the discovery of peptides derived from tumor antigens many of which have since been used in clinical trials with varying degrees of success. Although these models are not perfect, they nonetheless allow transplantable tumor models to be developed to evaluate novel vaccination strategies that can then be applied in humans. In addition animals that have been genetically modified to "spontaneously" generate tumors that will grow within their correct environment are of greater value for studying angiogenesis, metastasis and the relationship between the immune system and tumor in a physiological setting. In this review, mice genetically modified to express HLA genes or to spontaneously develop tumors are discussed, highlighting their advantages and limitations as preclinical models for cancer immunotherapy.
<i>T-ΔG</i> Diagram and Its Application to High Temperature Oxidation of Pure Metals (1958)

l -o x y g e n s y s t e m .
Россия В Мировой Экономике // Russia In The World Economy (2016)

The paper analyzes specific features of the world economy in the 2000s; the prospects of the innovation competition between the United States and China are discussed; the positions of Russia in the global economy is assessed based on the results of the new phase of the international economic comparisons project; a comparative analysis of the macroeconomic trend data for Russia, developed and developing countries has been made. The forecast of the economic growth trends prepared by the Institute of the World Economy and International Relations is provided. It is concluded that the difficulties in the adaptation of the country to the new realities, the chronic nature of the delay in building the vector for the innovative modernization of the economy create threats of the development gap and loss of many achievements of the 2000s. Рассмотрены основные особенности развития мировой экономики в 2000-е гг., приведены перспективы инновационной конкуренции США и Китая, дана оценка позиций России в мировой экономике по результатам нового этапа проекта международных экономических сопоставлений, сделан сравнительный анализ динамики основных макроэкономических показателей России, развитых и развивающихся стран. Приведен прогноз Института мировой экономики и международных отношений РАН о тенденциях экономического роста. Сделан вывод, что сложность адаптации России к новым реалиям, хронический характер запаздывания в переводе экономики на вектор инновационной модернизации создают вызовы отставания и потери многих достижений 2000-х гг.
Phosphatidates inhibit vasopressin-induced water transport via protein kinase C activation (1989)

Phosphatidic acid (PA), best known as an intermediate of phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) turnover, inhibits vasopressin (AVP)-induced increase in hydraulic conductivity (Lp) in rabbit cortical collecting ducts (CCD) perfused in vitro (Ando, Y., H. R. Jacobson, and M. D. Breyer, J. Clin. Invest. 80: 590, 1987). The present study addresses the mechanism(s) responsible for this action of PA. In control experiments, 10 microU/ml AVP (23 pM) increased Lp of CCDs from a basal of 4.9 +/- 0.4 X 10(-7) cm.atm-1.s-1 to a peak of 171.2 +/- 4.6 X 10(-7) cm.atm-1.s-1. Basolateral pretreatment of the tubule with PA (25 micrograms/ml) suppressed AVP-induced increase in peak Lp by 45.0%. This suppression was not attenuated by 5 microM indomethacin pretreatment. L-alpha-dipalmitoyl(C16) PA (DPPA, 25 micrograms/ml), an arachidonate-free synthetic PA, inhibited peak Lp by 79.0%, whereas another synthetic PA with shorter fatty acid (C12), L-alpha-dilauroyl PA (DLPA, 25 micrograms/ml), had no significant effect on AVP-induced peak Lp. In the presence of 100 nM staurosporine, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, the inhibition by PA and DPPA on AVP-induced peak Lp were abolished. Furthermore, another PKC inhibitor, 100 microM 1-(5-isoquiniline-sulfonyl)-2-methylpiperzine, also reversed the DPPA-induced inhibition of AVP action. In separate experiments using fura-2-loaded isolated perfused CCDs, however, neither PA nor DPPA caused a significant increase in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration [( Ca2+]i). Taken together, in CCD, PA-induced inhibition of AVP action is primarily mediated by PKC but not by an increased [Ca2+]i or the production of arachidonate metabolites, such as prostaglandins. Thus the PA-induced activation of PKC does not seem to involve the classic pathway for PKC activation, breakdown of PIP2.
An Anomaly Behavior based Detection and Prevention of DoS Attack in IoT Environment (2017)

IoT is a predominant technology for the information gathering and sharing for various applications. In IoT, the devices are communicated using IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.15.4. Low Power IEEE 802.11 is used as communication protocol for IoT nodes to achieve the higher bandwidth and good coverage range. The MAC Layer protocols are more vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks such as de-authentication attack, disassociation attack, injection test, and authentication flood and association flood. IoT environment is necessary to monitor to detect attacks and need to prevent them for incessant services. In this paper, Topology Management Method (TMM) is proposed to prevent the DoS attacks based on behavior analysis. In this approach, the sequence of protocol transitions at MAC layer is interrogated over a period of time. The transitions are monitored and used to check the behavior of the IoT node communications. In addition, Fine grained detection algorithm used to detect the wireless node anomalies at the MAC layer. These techniques provide an efficient detection and prevention in IoT environment.
ASK1-p38 MAPK-p47phox activation is essential for inflammatory responses during tuberculosis via TLR2-ROS signalling (2007)

The roles of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and related signalling pathways in mycobacterial infection are largely unknown. Here we show that tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD)/Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/ROS signalling through activation of apoptosis-regulating signal kinase (ASK) 1 and p47phox pathways is responsible for the induction of proinflammatory responses during tuberculosis (TB) infection. Tuberculin PPD stimulation resulted in rapid activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and an early burst of ROS in monocytes/macrophages in a TLR2-dependent manner. PPD-induced ROS production led to robust activation of ASK1 upstream of p38 MAPK, via TLR2. Interestingly, phosphorylation of the cytosolic NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox and ASK1 activation are mutually dependent on PPD/TLR2-mediated signalling. Furthermore, active pulmonary TB patients showed upregulated ROS generation, as well as enhanced activation of ASK1/p38/p47phox pathways in their primary monocytes compared with healthy controls, which suggests a systemic primed status during TB. Taken together, these results indicate that activation of the ASK1/p38 MAPK/p47phox cascade plays a central role in PPD/TLR2-induced ROS generation and suggests the existence of a 'ROS/ASK1' inflammatory amplification feedback loop in monocytes/macrophages. The altered regulation of this axis with an increasing free-radical burden may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of human TB.
The predominant role of swelling-induced modulus changes of the sorbent phase in determining the responses of polymer-coated surface acoustic wave vapor sensors (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe predominant role of swelling-induced modulus changes of the sorbent phase in determining the responses of polymer-coated surface acoustic wave vapor sensorsJay W. Grate, Mark. Klusty, R. Andrew. McGill, Michael H. Abraham, Gary. Whiting, and Jenik. Andonian-HaftvanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 6, 610–624Publication Date (Print):March 15, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00030a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00030a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views429Altmetric-Citations111LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Minor Withanolides from Physalis philadelphica: Structures, Quinone Reductase Induction Activities, and Liquid Chromatography (LC)-MS-MS Investigation as Artifacts (2003)

As a result of a bioactivity-guided search for novel, plant-derived cancer chemopreventive agents, ixocarpalactone A (5) was isolated previously as a potent quinone reductase inducer from the leaves and stems of Physalis philadelphica. In the present study, this promising lead compound was reisolated in gram quantities for in vivo biological testing. During the course of this work, four additional minor new withanolides were also obtained and characterized, namely, 2,3-dihydro-3beta-methoxyixocarpalactone A (1), 2,3-dihydro-3beta-methoxyixocarpalactone B (2), 2,3-dihydroixocarpalactone B (3), and 4beta,7beta,20R-trihydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,5-dien-22,26-olide (4). However, compounds 1 and 2 were determined using liquid chromatography (LC)-MS-MS to be artifacts generated during the extraction and isolation procedure. Ixocarpalactone A was detected in the fresh fruits (tomatillos) of P. philadelphica by LC-MS-MS analysis at a concentration of 143+/-4.53 ppb.
Chemical proteomics: a powerful tool for exploring protein lipidation (2013)

The study of post-translational modifications such as protein lipidation is a non-trivial challenge of the post-genomic era. In recent years the field of chemical proteomics has greatly advanced our ability to identify and quantify protein lipidation. In the present review, we give a brief overview of the tools available to study protein acylation, prenylation and cholesterylation, and their application in the identification and quantification of protein lipidation in health and disease.
Appearance of neuropeptides and NADPH-diaphorase during development of the enteropancreatic innervation (1995)

Pancreatic ganglia are formed by neural crest-derived precursors, are innervated by enteric neurons, and contain neuropeptides. In addition, the enzyme NADPH-diaphorase is located in a subset of enteric and pancreatic neurons. The expression of neural markers (GAP-43 and NC-1), neurotransmitter-related markers (including neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), galanin (GAL), dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)), and NADPH-diaphorase was studied in the fetal and neonatal rat gut and pancreas (E12-P28) in situ and in vitro. NC-1, GAP-43 and DBH-immunoreactive cells were found in the primordial stomach on day E12, and in the pancreas on day E13, along with NPY in endocrine cells. Pancreatic NPY-immunoreactive neurons were detected by day E18. CGRP was seen in the foregut at day E12 but not in the pancreas until day E14. Other neuropeptides (SP, GAL, GRP and VIP) all appeared in the foregut earlier than in the pancreas. NADPH-diaphorase activity was first found in situ in foregut neurons on day E13, and in the pancreas on day E14, but seen in explants a day earlier. These observations show that development of neurons occurs earlier in the gut than in the pancreas, and that NADPH-diaphorase activity appears earlier than the immunoreactivities of the neuropeptides.
Solvent-Free Axial Ligand Substitution in Octaphenoxyphthalocyaninato Silicon Complexes using Microwave Irradiation (2001)

Several axially substituted octaphenoxy silicon phthalocyanines were prepared by condensation of the complexes used as axial ligands with octaphenoxyphthalocyaninato (dichloro) silicon under microwave irradiation.
INVESTIGATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE LEARNING OF FINAL YEAR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING STUDENTS (2007)

An investigation was recently conducted into the delivery of an Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Processes module which was presented to a sub-group of the final year engineering students at Dublin City University (DCU). Results from the class which has just completed their final year studies were examined in relation to the method of delivery. This cohort consisted of 25 students, 13 which studied for the Computer Aided Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (CAM) degree and 12
A Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Study Comparing the Antihypertensive Efficacy of Two Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist Fixed Combinations (2005)

The superior BP-lowering potency of the fixed combination irbesartan/HCTZ (150/12.5 mg) over valsartan/HCTZ (80/12.5 mg), evidenced independently from the investigators by HBPM, supports the use of this technique in trials with prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint designs.