gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How the Input Impedance Relates to Airway Characteristics (2007)

To understand how the input impedance determined at the throat correlates with changes in the dynamic characteristics of the airways, a simplified 5-lobe model is developed and simulated. The model takes into account some realistic conditions such as varying cross-sectional areas, flexible wall properties and branching. The lobe terminal impedances are implemented in the model to predict the input impedance at the throat. The effects of airway constrictions and wall eleatance variations on this impedance are determined for a range of frequencies. It is concluded that the developed model is capable of predicting various physiological changes in the airway passages.
Social activity indicators (1995)

Knowing what social activity is occurring within and through a Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) system is often very useful. This is especially true for computer-mediated communication systems such as chat and other synchronous applications. People will attend to these systems more closely when they know that there is interesting activity on them. Interface mechanisms for indicating social activity, however, are often ad-hoc, if present at all. This paper argues for the importance of displaying social activity as well as proposes a generalized mechanism for doing so. This social activity indication mechanism is built upon a new CSCW toolkit, the Cafe ConstructionKit, and the Cafe ConstructionKit provides a number of important facilities for making construction of these indicators easy and straight-forward. Accordingly, this paper presents both the Cafe ConstructionKit as a CSCW toolkit as well as a mechanism for creating activity indicators.
An automated binary security update system for FreeBSD (2003)

With the present trend towards increased reliance upon computer systems, the provision and prompt application of security patches is becoming vital. Developers of all operating systems must generally be applauded for their success in this area; systems administrators, however, are often found lacking.

Anecdotal evidence suggests that for FreeBSD much of the difficulty arises out of the need to recompile from the source code after applying security patches. Many people, after spending years using closed-source point-and-click operating systems, find the concept of recompiling software to be entirely foreign, and even veteran users of open source software are often less than prompt about applying updates. Providing these people with a binary option should significantly improve the rate at which security updates are applied.

This paper describes an automated system for building and distributing binary security updates for FreeBSD, and describes the challenges encountered. I also describe some of the limitations of this system, and discuss some possibilities for future work.
Electrorheology of polymers and nanocomposites (2009)

This highlight aims to report electrorheological (ER) materials in state-of-the art polymeric particles and their various nanocomposites with clay, mesoporous inorganics and carbon nanotubes along with their potential application. ER fluids, suspensions of these particles having higher dielectric constant or electrical conductivity than the low-viscosity fluids in which they are suspended, are currently regarded as a smart/intelligent material, because their structural and rheological properties can be systematically tuned by controlling electric field strengths. In this highlight, various conducting polymers, including polyaniline, polypyrrole, poly(p-phenylene), poly(naphthalene quinone) and copolyaniline, are introduced and different types of polymer nanocomposites are emphasized. Flow curves for shear stress of the ER fluids are also examined.
Downlink and Uplink Scheduling in Heterogeneous Small-cell Networks (2015)

The use of heterogeneous small cells in cellular networks increases the complexity of scheduling which constitutes interference mitigation, user association and resource allocation. These problems are formulated as an optimization and analyzed using a non-cooperative game. A log-linear learning based scheduling algorithm is then proposed to solve the game. Simulations results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively solve the scheduling problem.
Anodizing of MgZn2 Phase in Sulfuric Acid: Mechanism of O2- Diffusion in Mixed (Mg,Zn)O at High Voltage (2016)

The η-MgZn 2 phase is an important intermetallic phase present in some galvanized coatings on steel, but also is present as strengthening phase in many aluminum alloys belonging to the 7XXX series. The objective of this work is to characterize the electrochemical behavior of MgZn 2 phase in the classical electrolyte of aluminum anodizing, H 2 SO 4 2 M. Firstly, bulk phase was synthesized by melting pure zinc and magnesium at 700 °C during 1 hour in a furnace under argon flux and then the sample was annealed at 400 °C during 12 hours. As expected by the E-pH diagram of zinc and magnesium, the MgZn 2 phase undergoes a rapid dissolution in sulfuric acid medium at open-circuit potential. The surface analyses show a classical morphology of metallic dissolution. At high voltage (between 3V to 30 V), the dissolution of MgZn 2 phase is greatly reduced and the electrochemical measurements reveal the presence of a passivation plateau. Even though the passive current density remains relatively high (around 20 mA cm -2 at 10 V), the formation of a thin layer of oxide on surface was observed by microscopic analysis on surface and metallographic cross-sections (FEG-SEM). X-ray diffraction at grazing incidence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy allowed us to determine the overall composition of the oxide, Mg x Zn 1-x O. The growth kinetic of oxide was characterized versus the voltage and the anodizing time by in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements at high voltage. At low voltage (&lt; 5 V), the growth of the anodized layer is governed the diffusion of O 2- in the solid state under the electric field. Nevertheless, the growth rate is low because the apparent diffusion coefficient, determined by EIS, is low in this voltage range and the oxide dissolution is important in the electrolyte.At high voltage (&gt; 10 V), the in-situ EIS measurements show a blocking behavior of the electrode. The growth rate is managed by the metal/oxide interface and the growth rate of oxide layer remains low in acid sulfuric medium. In-situ electrochemical impedance constitutes an important tool to determine the conditions of anodizing and the useful anodizing range of most of metallic materials.
Inconsistencies in edge detector evaluation (2002)

In recent years, increasing effort has gone into evaluating computer vision algorithms in general, and edge detection algorithms in particular. Most of the evaluation techniques use only a few test images, leaving open the question of how broadly their results can be interpreted. Our research tests the consistency of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and demonstrates why consistent edge detector evaluation is difficult to achieve. We show how easily the framework can be manipulated to rank any of three modern edge detectors in any order by making minor changes to the test imagery. We also note that at least some of the inconsistency is the result of the erratic nature of the algorithms themselves, suggesting that it is still possible to create better edge detectors.
Development of 16 dots/mm Thermal Printing Head (1984)

The development of a high-speed thermal printing head with a resolution of 16 dots/ram is described. Main features of the present study are as follows. 1) A meander shaped heating resistor is suitable for high-resolution printing and has a life of more than 2 X l0 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> pulses at the applied pulse width of 0.8 ms. 2) The deterioration characteristic of the meander shaped heating resistor depends on the pulse width. 3) The fabrication of a thermal printing head with 16 dots/mm resolution and high-speed drive was achieved by installing the integrated circuit (IC) containing a shift register, latch, and driver on the heating resistor board.
Expression of eotaxin, interleukin 13 and tumour necrosisfactor‐α in dermatitis herpetiformis (2000)

These findings confirm the importance of the lymphomonocytic infiltrate and of Th2 cytokines in the pathogenesis of this disease, suggesting that tissue infiltration in DH is mediated by cell-specific chemokines such as eotaxin and not only by non-specific chemokines such as IL-8.
Examination of Human Ball Catching Strategy through Autonomous Mobile Robot (2002)

In this paper, we examine the human ball catching strategy called LOT (short for “a linear optical trajectory”) that had been proposed in the field of human behavior through an autonomous mobile robot. LOT is a model of the motion strategy that explains the rationality of the running path of outfielder in catching the balls. However, this model does not provide concrete shape about how fielders decide the running direction and velocity according to the ever-changing position of balls. We consider the ball catching task by an autonomous mobile robot and derive a visual feedback control method based on LOT. We also demonstrate that the proposed method enables the mobile robot to catch the balls that fly in three-dimensional space only by using the monocular vision system.
CASE tools and interactive process modeling accelerate the software development cycle for refined petroleum storage tank vapor recovery (1992)

A petroleum storage tank vapor recovery system is described. The project involves development of many different types of software for different platforms, including multiple programmable logic controller (PLC) code development. The CASE tool allows a structured and efficient approach to the project. It makes possible the design and is useful in the area of documentation. The potential of CASE tools in this application is not fully realized, because of the inherent limitations of the PLC utilizing structured programming. The modeling utilizes very simple electronic spreadsheets and commercial software packages to interface with the PLCs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions of myelin basic protein with lipid. Participation of N-terminal and C-terminal portions (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrophobic and electrostatic interactions of myelin basic protein with lipid. Participation of N-terminal and C-terminal portionsJoan M. Boggs, D. Denise Wood, and Mario A. MoscarelloCite this: Biochemistry 1981, 20, 5, 1065–1073Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00508a004https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00508a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Self‐consistent estimation of inter‐residue protein contact energies based on an equilibrium mixture approximation of residues (1999)

Pairwise contact energies for 20 types of residues are estimated self-consistently from the actual observed frequencies of contacts with regression coefficients that are obtained by comparing “input” and predicted values with the Bethe approximation for the equilibrium mixtures of residues interacting. This is premised on the fact that correlations between the “input” and the predicted values are sufficiently high although the regression coefficients themselves can depend to some extent on protein structures as well as interaction strengths. Residue coordination numbers are optimized to obtain the best correlation between “input” and predicted values for the partition energies. The contact energies self-consistently estimated this way indicate that the partition energies predicted with the Bethe approximation should be reduced by a factor of about 0.3 and the intrinsic pairwise energies by a factor of about 0.6. The observed distribution of contacts can be approximated with a small relative error of only about 0.08 as an equilibrium mixture of residues, if many proteins were employed to collect more than 20,000 contacts. Including repulsive packing interactions and secondary structure interactions further reduces the relative errors. These new contact energies are demonstrated by threading to have improved their ability to discriminate native structures from other non-native folds. Proteins 1999;34:49–68. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Development of a Nitric Oxide-Releasing Analogue of the Muscle Relaxant Guaifenesin for Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cell Myogenesis (2009)

Nitric oxide (NO) mediates activation of satellite precursor cells to enter the cell cycle. This provides new precursor cells for skeletal muscle growth and muscle repair from injury or disease. Targeting a new drug that specifically delivers NO to muscle has the potential to promote normal function and treat neuromuscular disease, and would also help to avoid side effects of NO from other treatment modalities. In this research, we examined the effectiveness of the NO donor, iosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), and a muscle relaxant, methocarbamol, in promoting satellite cell activation assayed by muscle cell DNA synthesis in normal adult mice. The work led to the development of guaifenesin dinitrate (GDN) as a new NO donor for delivering nitric oxide to muscle. The results revealed that there was a strong increase in muscle satellite cell activation and proliferation, demonstrated by a significant 38% rise in DNA synthesis after a single transdermal treatment with the new compound for 24 h. Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses showed that the markers of satellite cell myogenesis, expression of myf5, myogenin, and follistatin, were increased after 24 h oral administration of the compound in adult mice. This research extends our understanding of the outcomes of NO-based treatments aimed at promoting muscle regeneration in normal tissue. The potential use of such treatment for conditions such as muscle atrophy in disuse and aging, and for the promotion of muscle tissue repair as required after injury or in neuromuscular diseases such as muscular dystrophy, is highlighted.
Ohmic H-mode and confinement in TCV (1995)

The unique flexibility of TCV for the creation of a wide variety of plasma shapes has been exploited to address some aspects of tokamak physics for which the shape may play an important role. The electron energy confinement time in limited ohmic L-mode plasmas whose elongation and triangularity have been varied ( kappa =1.3-1.9, delta =0.1-0.7) has been observed to improve with elongation as kappa 0.5 but to degrade with triangularity as (1-0.8 delta ), for fixed safety factor. Ohmic H-modes have been obtained in several diverted and limited configurations, with some of the diverted discharges featuring large ELMs whose effects on the global confinement have been quantified. These effects depend on the configuration: in double null (DN) equilibria, a single ELM expels on average 2%, 6% and 2.5% of the particle, impurity and thermal energy content respectively, whilst in single null (SN) configurations, the corresponding numbers are 3.5%, 7% and 9%, indicative of larger ELM effects. The presence or absence of large ELMs in DN discharges has been actively controlled in a single discharge by alternately forcing one or other of the two X-points to lie on the separatrix, permitting stationary density and impurity content (Zeff=1.6) in long H-modes (1.5 s).
Kinetics of the lamellar-inverse hexagonal phase transition determined by time-resolved x-ray diffraction (1992)

The kinetics of the lamellar (L alpha)-inverse hexagonal (HII) phase transition in diacylphosphatidylethanolamine (PE)--water systems were probed with time-resolved X-ray diffraction. Transition kinetics in the fast time regime (approximately 100 ms) were studied by initiating large temperature jumps (up to 30 degrees C) with a 50-ms electrical current pulse passed through a lipid-salt water dispersion, resulting in ohmic heating of the sample. Diffraction with a time resolution to 10 ms was acquired at the National Synchrotron Light Source. The time constant for the phase transition for 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) was on the order of 100 ms for the largest temperature jumps recorded. Faster transition behavior was found for a 1,2-dielaidoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE mixture. The HII lattice parameters for both systems were seen to swell from an initial value commensurate with the lamellar lattice to the final equilibrium value. The rate of swelling was seen to be independent of the magnitude of the temperature jump. For small temperature jumps (less than 10 degrees C), the phase transition kinetics slow dramatically, and transition studies can readily be performed on a conventional rotating anode X-ray source. At 4 degrees C, a DOPE sample was observed to slowly convert to the hexagonal phase over the course of a week, with the decay in the lamellar intensity fitting a power law behavior over four decades of time. This power law behavior is shown to have interesting consequences to the determination of the phase transition temperature of lipid-water dispersions by conventional methods such as calorimetry.
Investigation of Lamb waves for sensor applications in semiconductor processing (1994)

Considering the semiconductor wafers as anisotropic plates, Lamb wave propagation characteristics are related to various parameters dynamically changing during processing. Particularly, the effect of wafer temperature and thin-film growth on phase velocity of zeroth order Lamb waves are analyzed theoretically. These modes are chosen to enable single mode operation in silicon wafers for frequency-thickness product (f*d) less than 3 MHz mm. The surface impedance approach is used in theoretical modeling of propagation in general multilayered anisotropic solid structures. Temperature, thin film, and their combined sensitivity figures are calculated for commonly used structures in semiconductor processing. The results are interpreted to obtain optimum ultrasonic sensor system parameters for certain applications. For example, in case of aluminum films on (100) silicon, antisymmetric mode in 〈100〉 direction shows negligible sensitivity to thin films around f*d=0.8 MHz mm. The same figure for silicon oxide film is 1.57 MHz mm. In a combined measurement, a temperature sensor using these system parameters to measure phase velocity will be minimally affected by thin films, enabling an isolated temperature measurement. Practical implementations of the results in rapid thermal processing environment are also discussed in the paper. [Work supported by SRC.]
Multioctave Bandwidth of Parallel-Feeding Network Based on Impedance Transformer Concept (2019)

A generalized scheme to design a parallel-feeding network with a bandwidth of several octaves for uniform distribution arrays is proposed. Considering the entire network as a continuous impedance-transition device between the feed and all element ports, and therefore applying the design methods of the impedance transformer on the device, a broad matching bandwidth can be achieved without the traditional quarter-wavelength T-junctions concept. Three feeding networks based on the binomial and Chebyshev polynomial and exponential taper transformers for a 4 × 4 patch array are designed for demonstration, verification, and comparison of the proposed concept. An experimental sample of the taper network is fabricated and tested, and a fractional bandwidth better than 3:1 can be achieved. This method is not limited to the specific form of transmission lines and can perform even better for grander scale arrays.
Cerebroprotective Effect of the Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors, 1-(2-Trifluoromethylphenyl) Imidazole and 7-Nitro Indazole, after Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in the Rat (1998)

The novel neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, 1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole (TRIM) and 7-nitro indazole (7-NI), were used to investigate the role of nitric oxide in a model of transient focal cerebral ischemia in vivo. In halothane-anesthetized rats, the middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded for 2 hours using an intravascular thread and then reperfused for 22 hours before histologic evaluation. TRIM (10, 20, or 50 mg/kg), 7-NI (60 mg/kg), TRIM (50 mg/kg) plus L-arginine (300 mg/kg), or L-arginine (300 mg/kg) alone was administered intraperitoneally, either at 5 or 90 minutes after MCA occlusion. Immediate administration (5 minutes after MCA occlusion) of TRIM produced a dose-related reduction in lesion size, which was reversed with L-arginine coadministration. Similarly, delayed administration of TRIM (90 minutes after MCA occlusion, 50 mg/kg) decreased total lesion volume by 48.4% +/- 13.0% in comparison to a reduction of 39.3% +/- 10.9% when TRIM (50 mg/kg) was administered immediately (5 minutes) after occlusion. 7-NI (60 mg/kg) reduced the total lesion volume by 38.5% +/- 13.7% when administered immediately (5 minutes) after MCA occlusion, but had no effect when administration was delayed (90 minutes). Neither TRIM (50 mg/kg) nor 7-NI (60 mg/kg), administered 5 minutes after MCA occlusion, had any significant effect on mean arterial blood pressure throughout the ischemic period or for up to 10 minutes after reperfusion. These results indicate that immediate or delayed administration of the selective neuronal NOS inhibitor TRIM reduces the lesion volume after transient MCA occlusion. In contrast, only immediate administration of 7-NI reduces lesion volume.
Supplementary Table 1 from Class III β-Tubulin Expression Predicts Prostate Tumor Aggressiveness and Patient Response to Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from Class III β-Tubulin Expression Predicts Prostate Tumor Aggressiveness and Patient Response to Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy