gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemometrics assisted investigation of variations in infrared spectra of blood samples obtained from women with breast cancer: a new approach for cancer diagnosis (2009)

Fourier transform infrared spectra of blood samples obtained from healthy women and those affected by breast cancer have been analysed statistically. Several spectral differences were detected in the N-H stretching signals of amides I and II bands. The position of alpha-helix and beta-sheet amide I bands would shift in cancerous blood samples during stage development. Investigating the absorbance bands in the Fourier transform infrared spectra during the different stages of cancer, many changes are clearly observed in the intensity of a single band or the absorbance ratio of signals, indicating the changes that would occur in blood ingredients during cancer stages. These observations imply that the information is useful for diagnostic study of breast cancer and malignant abnormalities by infrared spectroscopy of whole blood samples. Finally, linear discriminant analysis was applied for classification of cancer case and normal case blood samples. The accuracy of the proposed method was 97.9%.
Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (2002)

On 27 July the US Food and Drug Administration held a public hearing on an application for a licence for the use of recombinant human parathyroid hormone in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The application, from Eli Lilly, is for teriparatide (Forsteo), the N-terminal fragment rhPTH(1-34). The hearing's advisory panel voted unanimously in favour of the parathyroid hormone and approval could be expected after resolution of a few technical concerns. The application was partly based on solid evidence that parathyroid hormone, given as a daily injection for several weeks or months in experimental animals, increases bone mass and strength.1 This evidence led to a multicentre randomised controlled trial in women with osteoporosis, which showed that treatment with parathyroid hormone reduced spine fractures by 66% to 90% (according to whether smaller fractures and those causing minor symptoms were counted) and other fractures by 50%.2

The first experiments showing an anabolic effect of parathyroid hormone on bone in young rats took place in various North American laboratories …
Mini 3D for shallow gas reconnaissance (1996)

Abstract The Mini 3D project was undertaken by TOTAL and ELF with the support of CEPM (Comite d'Etudes Petrolieres et Marines) to define an economical method of obtaining 3D seismic HR data for shallow gas assessment. An experimental 3D survey was carried out with classical site survey techniques in the North Sea. From these data 19 simulations, were produced to compare different acquisition geometries ranging from dual, 600 m long cables to a single receiver. Results show that short offset, low fold and very simple streamer positioning are sufficient to give a reliable 3D image of gas charged bodies, The 3D data allow a much more accurate risk delineation than 2D HR data. Moreover on financial grounds Mini-3D is comparable in cost to a classical HR 2D survey. In view of these results, such HR 3D should now be the standard for shallow gas surveying. Introduction Advantages of the 3D seismic method compared to classical 2D for oil and gas exploration are obvious, particularly in applications requiring high spatial resolution. However, exploration 3D puts heavy constraints on data acquisition and processing. Costs are consequently high. High resolution 3D seismic investigation is not commonly used so for such purposes mainly because cost reasons in spite of the technical advantages. The objective of the Mini 3D project was to investigate economic HR 3D seismic for shallow gas risk assessment. The strategy was to try to define the simplest data acquisition configuration capable of 3D visualization of hazardous shallow gas that is consistent with the equipment currently used in the site survey industry. The work progressed as follows : The first step was to acquire a full, state of the art HR 3D seismic and to process the data with full processing sequence. The subsequent 3D volume was by definition the reference. Further steps were taken to simulate reduced acquisition geometries by means of successive decimations. The results were then compared to the reference volume Data acquisition Site selection To be representative, to possess the following attributes:proven shallow gas occurrencesprevious sumying for shallow gaswell data in the immediate vicinity the experimental site hadlocation in an active oil and gas producing region Such a site was found in the British sector of the North sea, in block 22/7 operated by TOTAL. Acquisition equipment and recording parameters The objective was to acquire a HR 3D volume corresponding to a drilling site making use, to the greatest extent possible, of standard 2D HR equipment including : vessel, seismic source, and streamer. The desired highest HR geometry was a 6,25 × 12.5 m bin size to be acquired along lines 12.5 m apart.
Loss of maternal Trim28 causes male-predominant early embryonic lethality (2017)

Global DNA demethylation is a hallmark of embryonic epigenetic reprogramming. However, embryos engage noncanonical DNA methylation maintenance mechanisms to ensure inheritance of exceptional epigenetic germline features to the soma. Besides the paradigmatic genomic imprints, these exceptions remain ill-defined, and the mechanisms ensuring demethylation resistance in the light of global reprogramming remain poorly understood. Here we show that the Y-linked gene Rbmy1a1 is highly methylated in mature sperm and resists DNA demethylation post-fertilization. Aberrant hypomethylation of the Rbmy1a1 promoter results in its ectopic activation, causing male-specific peri-implantation lethality. Rbmy1a1 is a novel target of the TRIM28 complex, which is required to protect its repressive epigenetic state during embryonic epigenetic reprogramming.
Stable and Efficient Spectral Methods in Unbounded Domains Using Laguerre Functions (2000)

Stable and efficient spectral methods using Laguerre functions are proposed and analyzed for model elliptic equations on regular unbounded domains. It is shown that spectral-Galerkin approximations based on Laguerre functions are stable and convergent with spectral accuracy in the usual (not weighted) Sobolev spaces. Efficient, accurate, and well-conditioned algorithms using Laguerre functions are developed and implemented. Numerical results indicating the spectral convergence rate and effectiveness of these algorithms are presented.
The irradiation influence on the properties of silver sulfide (Ag2S) colloidal nanoparticles (2017)

The aqueous solutions of different stability containing silver sulfide (Ag2S) nanoparticles are studied. The stable, transparent, and turbid solutions have been subjected to daylight for 7 months, to ultraviolet and laser irradiation, as well as to an electron beam. Solar radiation is found to favor the Ag2S reduction to Ag and/or the formation of Ag2S/Ag hybrid nanoparticles in the solution. At a high amount of hybrid nanoparticles, the exciton–plasmon interaction causes asymmetry in the absorption spectra. The exposure of Ag2S particles precipitated from the solution with the electron beam leads to the reversible growth of Ag threads. The possible exciton–plasmon interplay mechanisms in Ag2S/Ag hybrid nanoparticles are considered. The physical mechanisms of the changing Ag2S stoichiometry, the formation of metallic Ag and Ag2S/Ag hybrid nanoparticles are the generation of hot carriers and the energy transfer (exciton–plasmon interaction) in a metal–semiconductor hybrid nanosystem are elucidated, as well.
In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Citrus Pomace Compounds Possessing Health Promoting Properties with Potential to Reduce the Risk of Diabetes (2020)

Citrus (mandarin and orange) pomace is an agro-food industrial waste rich in polyphenols and dietary fiber with great potential as a functional ingredient. In this work, the chemical composition and in vitro bioaccessibility of health-promoting compounds present in raw citrus pomaces (Clemenule and Ortanique mandarins and Navel and Valencia oranges) were studied. In addition, the by-products were employed as food ingredients in cookies and the effect of the food matrix on the bioaccessibility of their bioactive compounds was evaluated. Nobiletin, hesperidin/neohesperidin, tangeretin, heptamethoxyflavone, tetramethylscutellarein, and naringin/narirutin were detected in the citrus samples by UHPLC-MS. Citrus pomaces were in vitro digested mimicking the human oral gastrointestinal conditions and the bioactivity of the digests (antioxidant, carbohydrases modulation, and anti-inflammatory effects) was assessed. The bioaccessibility of the antioxidants in the by-products was confirmed by Total Polyphenol Content (TPC) (6.6&ndash;11.0 mg GAE/g digest), ABTS (65.5&ndash;97.1 &micro;mol TE/g digest), ORAC-FL assays (135.5&ndash;214.8 &micro;mol TE/g digest), and inhibition of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) formation induced by treatment with tert-butyl hydroperoxide 1 mM in intestinal IEC-6 (19&ndash;45%) and CCD-18Co (28&ndash;45%) cells pretreated with the digests at concentrations ranging between 5 and 25 &micro;g/mL. Inhibitors of the enzymatic activity of &alpha;-glucosidase (IC50 3.97&ndash;11.42 mg/mL) and &alpha;-amylase (IC50 58.04&ndash;105.68 mg/mL) also remained bioaccessible after in vitro digestion of citrus pomaces. In addition, the bioaccessible compounds in orange pomace samples significantly reduced (p &lt; 0.05) the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 macrophages. The digests of orange pomace cookies with the nutrition claims &ldquo;no-added sugars&rdquo; and &ldquo;source of fiber&rdquo; presented antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties, and good sensory quality (6.9&ndash;6.7 on a scale of 1 to 9). The results obtained support the feasibility of unfractionated orange pomace as a functional ingredient for reducing the risk of diabetes. The health-promoting benefits observed in the present research might be, at least partially, associated with flavonoids.
Two-Dimensional Gradient Mapping Technique Useful for Detailed Spectral Analysis of Polymer Transition Temperatures (2008)

This paper demonstrates the potential of a two-dimensional (2D) gradient mapping technique that utilized the eigenvalue manipulating transformation (EMT) of the spectral data set. The EMT technique, by lowering the power of a set of eigenvalues associated with the original data, enhances the contributions of minor principle components (PCs). The operation converts the original spectral data set to the one with subtle differences among the responses of the system being exaggerated. Small shoulders and obscure minor features may become much more visible, because such small differentiating features are often captured only by the minor PCs enlarged by the EMT treatment. This improvement for 2D mapping is potentially very important to determine the transition temperatures, which are not readily detected in convention spectral analysis.
Silencing of EPHB2 promotes the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of skin squamous cell carcinoma‑derived A431 cells (2019)

Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptors and their ligand ephrins serve crucial roles in the interactions among epithelial cells. Eph receptor/ephrin signaling regulates cell functions, including proliferation, differentiation and migration, via these cell-cell interactions. We reported previously that EPHB2, a member of the Eph receptor family, was highly expressed in chemically induced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) tissues in mice. Although the higher expression level of EPHB2 has been observed in various human cancers, its roles in the development and progression of cancers are still unclear. In the present study, the functional implications of EPHB2 in the acquisition of malignant phenotypes of cSCC cells was investigated. Silencing of EPHB2 in the human cSCC cell line A431 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like morphological changes accompanied by a significant upregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated genes such as zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1/2. In addition, silencing of EPHB2 suppressed anchorage-independent cell growth under 3D culture conditions. Consistent with these observations, EPHB2 exhibited higher levels of expression in tumor spheres formed under 3D culture conditions than in cells cultured in adherent form, and the expression pattern of EMT markers indicated that EMT was suppressed in tumor spheres. The results of the present study indicated that EPHB2 serves a pivotal role in promoting the anchorage-independent growth of A431 cells through the suppression of EMT.
Qa-1-Associated Antigens (1979)

Abstract The Qa-1b allele is assigned to strains whose peripheral lymphocytes are not lysed by a standard anti-Qa-1 serum. In order to investigate whether Qa-1b represents a single allele or several alleles that have been grouped together as “not a,” we studied the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific for Qa-1b-associated antigens. Cold target inhibition experiments were performed to test the ability of various Qa-1b targets to inhibit the lysis of 51Cr-labeled B10 blasts by B10.BR anti-C3H and C57BR anti-AKR CTL. Qa-1a targets did not inhibit lysis relative to controls syngeneic with the CTL. In contrast, Qa-1b cold targets strongly inhibited the lysis of labeled B10 targets. We found no differences in inhibition among 16 Qa-1b strains representing six H-2 haplotypes and nine different backgrounds. These data indicate that all of these Qa-1b strains express the Qa-1 antigens shared by B10 and C3H or AKR, and thus suggest that Qa-1 is markedly less polymorphic than H-2. Experiments were also performed to test the possibility that Qa-1-associated antigens are involved in the recognition of minor histocompatibility determinants. CTL were generated in secondary cultures between strains identical at Qa-1 and at H-2, but differing at minor histocompatibility loci. These CTL were tested for their ability to lyse targets bearing the minor histocompatibility antigens of the stimulators, and sharing either Qa region or H-2 antigens with the stimulators. In contrast with the well established role for H-2K and H-2D antigens in the recognition of conventional determinants, we found that in both Qa-1a and Qa-1b strain combinations, Qa region homology was neither necessary nor sufficient for minor locus-specific lysis.
Raman study of order and disorder in SiGe ultrathin superlattices (1988)

We present a Raman scattering study of ultrathin SiGe superlattices. The spectra show evidence for the formation of superlattice structures with disordered interfaces. We explain the Raman peak energies in terms of strain and confinement effects and present a simple model for the Raman spectrum, from which we obtain semiquantitative information on the degree of superlattice ordering.
“Medicolegal aspects of dowry death cases in Allahabad range” (U.P.) (2002)

This epidemiological study conducted in Allahabad range for a period of 4 years (1995 – 1998) analyzed involvement of various parameters and their relevance to medico-legal aspect of dowry death cases. A total of 569 alleged dowery death cases were recorded during the study period in Allahabad range, which included districts of Allahabad, Fatehpur and Pratapgarh. Allahabad topped the list with 304 cases. Majority of cases 454 were homicidal and the ratio between homicidal and suicidal deaths was 3.95: 1. Mostly young, Hindu married: non graduate of low and lower-middle class families were involved. The most vulnerable age group was 18 – 32 years comprising of 87.87% of all recorded alleged dowry deaths. The most common cause of deaths was due to burn injury followed by poisoning (specially Alluminium Phosphide). Majority of dowry deaths occurred during night followed by deaths in evening and mostly housewives were involved i.e. 92.97%. Majority of dowry death cases were drawn, from joint family i.e. 472 cases compared to nuclear family and incidence was more in arranged marriage. Husbands and his relatives were primarily responsible, for killing or forcing the victim to end her life. The main location of incidence of dowry death was in-laws house followed by husband's house totaling 523 cases. The important contributing factors responsible for a rising in dowry death cases include level of education in joint, family, unemployment of husband, dependence of women on husband and in-laws, infidelity rising trends of dowry deaths reflected that prevailing laws dealing with dowry are inadequate hence enactment of more deterrent laws for the offender should be considered. Besides, an improvement in educational cum employment potentials and overall socio-economic status of women are the prime measures to check this social scourge.
Phase I summary report on a novel approach to coal gasification using chemically-incorporated catalyst. [CaO impregnation of coal] (1976)

This study was concerned with the (hydro)gasification of coal previously treated with an aqueous slurry of NaOH and CaO at elevated temperatures and pressures which allows the chemical incorporation in the coal of calcium species, which act as (hydro)gasification catalysts. The effect of particle size was investigated to determine the feasibility of using Battelle's novel process (originally developed for pulverized coal) for impregnation of coarser coals with catalysts. The catalyst treatment was found to, among other things, (a) make coal nonagglomerating during (hydro)gasification without a significant loss of coal during treatment, (b) increase the (hydro)gasification reactivity by more than an order of magnitude, (c) prevent deactivation during hydrogasification up to a conversion level of about 70 percent, (d) reduce the bulk density by 15 to 35 percent, and (e) increase the nitrogen-surface area by six times. It was determined that a CaO-to-coal ratio of 0.05 to 0.08, closer to 0.08 probably, was required for producing nonagglomerating BTC which also had a high hydrogasification reactivity compared to raw coal. Battelle-treated coal (BTC) produced in the continuous treatment reactor had the same properties as BTC produced in the batch tests as far as the agglomeration tendency, reactivity, product distribution during (hydro)gasification, andmore » sodium retention are concerned.The data showed that steam-oxygen gasification of BTC could be carried out at reasonable rates at a temperature well below 790 C.« less
Anthropogenic Forcing of Carbonate and Organic Carbon Preservation in Marine Sediments (2016)

Carbon preservation in marine sediments, supplemented by that in large lakes, is the primary mechanism that moves carbon from the active surficial carbon cycle to the slower geologic carbon cycle. Preservation rates are low relative to the rates at which carbon moves between surface pools, which has led to the preservation term largely being ignored when evaluating anthropogenic forcing of the global carbon cycle. However, a variety of anthropogenic drivers-including ocean warming, deoxygenation, and acidification, as well as human-induced changes in sediment delivery to the ocean and mixing and irrigation of continental margin sediments-all work to decrease the already small carbon preservation term. These drivers affect the cycling of both carbonate and organic carbon in the ocean. The overall effect of anthropogenic forcing in the modern ocean is to decrease delivery of carbon to sediments, increase sedimentary dissolution and remineralization, and subsequently decrease overall carbon preservation.
Successful cyclosporin and ustekinumab combination therapy in a patient with severe steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (2020)

The therapeutic management of patients with severe steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis still represents a critical clinical challenge. In this setting, cyclosporin is an effective and rapidly acting induction treatment that is applied in combination with maintenance therapeutic agents like thiopurines or vedolizumab. Here, we present the case of a 33-year-old ulcerative colitis patient with severe steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis who refused surgical intervention and previously demonstrated no long-term benefit to anti-TNF antibody, vedolizumab, cyclosporin, thiopurines or tofacitinib treatment. Intravenous cyclosporin therapy was re-initiated in the patient and, after signs of clinical response, therapy with ustekinumab was additionally applied. After 11 weeks of well tolerated cyclosporin and ustekinumab combination therapy, cyclosporin was discontinued upon clinical and endoscopic remission. Subsequently, ustekinumab treatment has been effective in maintaining remission during the follow-up period of 195 days.
Directed Evolution of Enantioconvergency: The Case of an Epoxide Hydrolase‐Catalyzed Reaction of a Racemic Epoxide (2010)

Highly evolved: The Aspergillus niger epoxide hydrolase (ANEH) has been subjected to laboratory evolution with the creation of mutants that transform the racemic epoxide to a single stereoisomer with greater than 90 % conversion and 99 % enantiomeric excess.
Characterization of Convective and Particle Losses in High-Temperature Particle Receivers (poster). (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Evaluation of fixed and moving primary linear induction motor systems (1973)

Linear induction motors being proposed for high-speed ground transportation may have their primaries carried on board the vehicle or embedded in the guideway. This paper evaluates various aspects, such as power requirements, power switching and controls, utilization factor, efficiency and cost, etc., for these two alternatives and provides the basic format on which relative merits of various systems can be readily evaluated. The analysis shows that, in the fixed primary system, it is economically impractical to energize sections of the roadbed substantially longer than the vehicle. Even when the primaries in the roadbed are energized in sections of minimum length, the cost of the linear induction motor and additional switching and power network for the fixed primary system is an order of magnitude higher than that for the moving primary system.