gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electron Microscopy Evidence for Microsegregation in TbFe Sputtered Films for Magneto-Optical Recording (1994)

Magneto-optical (MO) recording offers a new dimension in erasable mass data stroage technology. Typical recording layers in presently used MO disks consist of rare earth-transition metal alloys enveloped by silicon nitride protective layers. Characteristic low media noise of amorphous TbFe-based alloys make them particularly attractive for use in MO disk recording layers. The synthesis/microstructure dependence for their performance is the subject of this research.
Evaluation and correction of aberrations in an optical correlator by phase-shifting interferometry (2003)

We propose a new method for evaluating and correcting aberrations in a Vander Lugt correlator. The technique is achieved with liquid-crystal displays of the correlator and allows the task to be performed in situ. We present the theory on which the method is based and the experimental results that we obtained by applying it in a convergent correlator.
Practical XPM Compensation Method for Coherent Optical OFDM Systems (2010)

We show that cross-phase modulation in coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) is mitigated with a simple intensity-dependent phase-modulation before the wavelength demultiplexer. A single low-bandwidth photodiode is used to estimate the optical power of all wavelength-division-multiplexing channels entering the receiver, and this determines a phase modulation applied to all channels. This method works well in conjunction with self-phase-modulation pre/postcompensation, allowing significant improvements in the performance of OFDM systems over optically dispersion-managed links. Using simulations, we show a 4-dB signal quality improvement in a 2375-km 60-Gb/s CO-OFDM system in the nonlinear limit.
Facility-based surveillance for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in rural Zambia (2021)

Populations in rural Zambia bear a sizeable burden of viral respiratory infections and severe disease. The epidemiology of infections in this rural area differs from that reported from urban areas in Zambia.
Obstacle Detection By Vision System For An Autonomous Vehicle (2005)

In this paper, a method to detect an obstacle on unstructured roads using a vision system and a technique for camera calibration is presented. The effectiveness is demonstrated by using a real road image obtained by two cameras mounted on a vehicle.
The Hamster Cheek Pouch Preparation as a Model for Studies of Macromolecular Permeability of the Microvasculature (1978)

A method for intravital microscopy studies of macromolecular permeability is described. The cheek pouch of an anaesthetized hamster was everted and a single layer preparation was mounted on a microscope stage and dissected during observation with a stereomicroscope at 10–16 times magnification. The cheek pouch preparation was superfused with a buffered electrolyte solution with pH=7.35 at 37°C and with a PO2&lt;4kPa (&lt;30 mmHg). Fluorescein labelled dextran ωw,=145000 (FITC-dextran 145) was used as a tracer for permeability. Sites of microvascular permeability to macromolecules were indicated by extravasation of FITC-dextran 145. Leakage of this tracer from the microcirculation was found to occur at the postcapillary venules only. The number of FITC-dextran leakage sites was used for quantitation of the permeability during intravital observations in untreated control and indomethacin-treated hamsters. The number of leakage sites was significantly increased at 120 min in control hamsters but not until 300 min in the indomethacin-treated hamsters. There was a significant difference in permeability at 120 min in control hamsters as compared to indomethacin-treated. Analysis of PGE2-activity in pooled samples of exposed cheek pouches at 5 hours showed 20 times higher activity in these pouches when compared to the unexposed pouches. Indomethacin was found to inhibit PGE2-synthesis and to reduce the number of leaking postcapillary venules. The model allows studies on the dynamics of macromolecular transport in the microvasculature and its relation to other vascular parameters such as vessel diameter and blood flow. It should also be useful for studies of inflammatory and immunological responses in the microcirculation and the pharmacology of small vessel permeability to macromolecules.
LibGuides: Nonprofit Resource Center: Find Grants for Individuals (2010)

A Funding Information Network partner of the Foundation Center General Information for finding funding for Individuals
Minutes, September 15, 2006 (2004)

Minutes for the September 17th, 2004 Faculty Senate meeting.
Dynamic Programming and Strong Bounds for the 0-1 Knapsack Problem (1999)

Two new algorithms recently proved to outperform all previous methods for the exact solution of the 0-1 Knapsack Problem. This paper presents a combination of such approaches, where, in addition, valid inequalities are generated and surrogate relaxed, and a new initial core problem is adopted. The algorithm is able to solve all classical test instances, with up to 10,000 variables, in less than 0.2 seconds on a HP9000-735/99 computer. The C language implementation of the algorithm is available on the internet.
TFAN stream description (2008)

MPEG 86 : 86th Meeting Moving Picture Experts Group, October 13-17, Busan, Korea. Report ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 N10115
Safety and Efficacy of Combining Microfocused Ultrasound With Fractional CO2 Laser Resurfacing for Lifting and Tightening the Face and Neck (2014)

Combination MFU-AFL on the face and neck is a safe and effective method for targeting multiple facets of facial and neck skin aging and can be safely performed in a single treatment session.
Fiber Quality from a Combination Gin-Lint Cleaner (1984)

ABSTRACT The performance of a prototype combination cotton gin stand and lint cleaner was evaluated. Fiber quality parameters are compared to those from a conventional ginning and cleaning system. A successful combination gin-lint cleaner would eliminate much of the energy use, noise generation and air pollution associated with current ginning and lint cleaning systems
Use of a Cytokinin Conjugate for Efficient Shoot Regeneration from Leaf Sections of Highbush Blueberry (1992)

Conditions for improving the efficiency of shoot regeneration from leaf sections of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) were investigated. Effectiveness of tissue culture medium supplemented with the cytokinin conjugate zeatin riboside or the cytokinin zeatin at 10, 20, or 30 μ m was compared with medium supplemented with the optimum 2iP concentration of 15 μ m . Use of 20 μ m zeatin riboside resulted in the most shoots per leaf section, » 6-fold higher than the number of shoots produced on 2iP medium. The number of shoots produced on medium supplemented with zeatin was not significantly higher than the number of shoots produced on 2iP medium. Consequently, we concluded that the cytokinin conjugate zeatin riboside was more effective than either of the free cytokinins, 2iP or zeatin, in promoting shoot regeneration from leaf sections of highbush blueberry. Chemical names used: 6-(y,y-dimethylallylamino)-purine (2iP); 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enylamino)purine (zeatin).
Effects of internal mixing and aggregate morphology on optical properties of black carbon using a discrete dipole approximation model (2013)

Abstract. According to recent studies, internal mixing of black carbon (BC) with other aerosol materials in the atmosphere alters its aggregate shape, absorption of solar radiation, and radiative forcing. These mixing state effects are not yet fully understood. In this study, we characterize the morphology and mixing state of bare BC and BC internally mixed with sodium chloride (NaCl) using electron microscopy and examine the sensitivity of optical properties to BC mixing state and aggregate morphology using a discrete dipole approximation model (DDSCAT). DDSCAT is flexible in simulating the geometry and refractive index of particle aggregates. DDSCAT predicts a higher mass absorption coefficient (MAC), lower single scattering albedo (SSA), and higher absorption Angstrom exponent (AAE) for bare BC aggregates that are lacy rather than compact. Predicted values of SSA at 550 nm range between 0.16 and 0.27 for lacy and compact aggregates, respectively, in agreement with reported experimental values of 0.25 ± 0.05. The variation in absorption with wavelength does not adhere precisely to a power law relationship over the 200 to 1000 nm range. Consequently, AAE values depend on the wavelength region over which they are computed. The MAC of BC (averaged over the 200–1000 nm range) is amplified when internally mixed with NaCl (100–300 nm in radius) by factors ranging from 1.0 for lacy BC aggregates partially immersed in NaCl to 2.2 for compact BC aggregates fully immersed in NaCl. The SSA of BC internally mixed with NaCl is higher than for bare BC and increases with the embedding in the NaCl. Internally mixed BC SSA values decrease in the 200–400 nm wavelength range, a feature also common to the optical properties of dust and organics. Linear polarization features are also predicted in DDSCAT and are dependent on particle size and morphology. This study shows that DDSCAT predicts complex morphology and mixing state dependent aerosol optical properties that have been reported previously and are relevant to radiative transfer, climate modeling, and interpretation of remote sensing measurements.
High-Intensity Area in the Deep White Matter Indicating Hemodynamic Compromise in Internal Carotid Artery Occlusive Disorders (1991)

We used positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate 16 patients with transient ischemic attacks or minor strokes and unilateral internal carotid occlusive disease, five with stenosis, and 11 with occlusion. Cerebral blood flow, cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen, oxygen extraction fraction, cerebral blood volume, and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images obtained at 1.5-T were analyzed. Irrespective of vascular disease, patients with a confluent high-intensity area in the middle centrum semiovale had substantially decreased cerebral blood flow and ratio of cerebral blood flow to blood volume in the middle cerebral artery distribution of the cortex, with a substantially increased oxygen extraction fraction. We concluded that the confluent high-intensity area in the deep white matter region indicates hemodynamic compromise in the affected hemisphere in internal carotid artery occlusive disease.
<title>Guided UT wave inspection of insulated feedwater piping using magnetostrictive sensors</title> (1996)

Due to failures in power plant feedwater piping, inspection of these components has become a priority item. The major reason for the failures is wall loss due to flow-accelerated corrosion on the inside diameter (ID) of the pipes. It can be very costly to use standard nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques for a comprehensive inspection due to the need to remove large areas of insulation. Guided UT waves can travel through the pipe over long distances and detect cross- sectional changes in the pipe wall with minimal insulation removal. This makes the guided UT wave an excellent candidate for locating significant wall loss due to corrosion and pitting. Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has developed a simple and robust technology for generating and receiving guided UT waves based on magnetorestrictive sensors. Signals are generated and detected in the pipe via multi-turn coils acting as transmitters and receivers. Insulation removal is only required where the coils are attached to the pipe and this allows many meters of pipe to be inspected from a single location. Guided UT waves detect cross-sectional changes from corrosion on both the ID and outside diameter of the pipe and can also be used to map weld locations. This paper describes SwRIs systems and the preliminary results from testing on a feedwater pipe mockup containing simulated flow-accelerated corrosion.
Building real-time HDTV applications in FPGAs using processors, AXI interfaces and high level synthesis tools (2011)

Modern FPGAs enable complete system designs that include processors, interconnect systems, memory subsystems and a number of application functions that are implemented using High-Level Synthesis tools.
Abstract 4707: Pelareorep promotes the expression of a chemokine signature that predicts response to immunotherapy (2018)

Abstract Introduction: It has been proposed that the presence of inflamed tumor phenotypes, characterized by the presence of infiltrating lymphocytes and the expression of specific chemokines and cytokines, can predict response to immunotherapy and result in better patient outcomes [1, 2]. We hypothesized that pelareorep, an immuno-oncolytic virus (IOV), may elicit predictive proinflammatory gene signatures in select cancer cell lines permissive to viral infection. Methods: Cell lines derived from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, H522), colorectal cancer (CRC, SW-620), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, SNU 387) were infected at an multiplicity of infection equal to 50. We examined changes in gene expression and conducted cell viability assays at 6, 12, and 18 hours post pelareorep infection (including a non-infected control). To monitor changes in gene expression we employed a custom 780-gene Pan Cancer Immune panel developed by nanoString Technologies and specifically monitored for changes in the expression of key interferon and NF-κB signalling genes, immune checkpoint ligands, and a 12-gene chemokine signature predictive of a positive response to immunotherapy identified by Messina et al. [2]. Results: All cell lines examined were susceptible to pelareorep induced cytopathic effect. Strikingly, principal component analysis revealed that the changes in gene expression were unique and different for each cell line. Of the cell lines examined, only HCC cells infected with pelareorep promoted an inflammatory signature, similar to the one used to predict response to immunotherapy in melanoma [2]. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that pelareorep can prime or promote a predictive inflamed tumor phenotype in HCC, which correlates with the innate response recently described in HCC- animal models treated with pelareorep [3]. The role of pelareorep in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma deserves further investigation, particularly in combination with other immunotherapies. References: [1] Gajewski, T.F., The Next Hurdle in Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming the Non-T-Cell-Inflamed Tumor Microenvironment. Semin Oncol, 2015. 42(4): p. 663-71. [2] Messina, J.L., et al., 12-Chemokine gene signature identifies lymph node-like structures in melanoma: potential for patient selection for immunotherapy? Sci Rep, 2012. 2: p. 765. [3] Samson, A., et al., Oncolytic reovirus as a combined antiviral and anti-tumour agent for the treatment of liver cancer. Gut, 2016. Citation Format: Grey A. Wilkinson, Aine Piar, Zoe Cesarz, Hue Tran, Romit Chakrabarty, Andres Gutierrez, Matt Coffey. Pelareorep promotes the expression of a chemokine signature that predicts response to immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4707.
Investigation for Alkaline Electroplating Bath of Sn-Ag Alloy Using 5,5-Dimethylhydantoin. (1998)

We studied the development of alkaline and electroplating baths of Sn-Ag binary alloy using 5, 5-dimethylhydantoin (DMHy) as a Pb-free solder plating bath under various conditions, such as metal content, complex agent concentration, pH, current density and bath temperature. From these results, e. g., adding large amount of DMHy, pH 10.5, high current density, etc., electroplating films of Sn-Ag alloy having eutectic and constant composition were obatined. Surface morphology and solder wetting time of Sn-Ag alloy electroplating films become roughened with increasing film thickness. The melting point of Sn-Ag alloy electroplating films was about 221°C, similar to that of Sn-Ag ingot, and its phase structure consisted of eutetic structure of β-Sn and the ε phase (Ag3Sn).
Factors influencing in vitro shoot regeneration from leaf segments of Chrysanthemum (2014)

The objective of this research was to develop an efficient protocol for shoot regeneration from leaf segments of the Chrysanthemum cv. Vivid Scarlet by examining the effects of plant growth regulators, dark incubation period, gelling agents, and silver nitrate. The highest number of shoots per explant (12.3) was regenerated from leaf explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a combination of 1 mgL(-1) of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 2 mgL(-1) of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) under light conditions without any initial dark period. Gelrite was the most effective gelling agent for shoot regeneration among those tested, whereas the presence of silver nitrate distinctly inhibited shoot regeneration. Superior plant growth and rooting was observed on a hormone-free MS medium solidified with Gelrite. Flow cytometry analysis revealed no ploidy variation between the regenerated plants and the mother plant grown under greenhouse conditions. The established protocol was applicable to shoot regeneration for four out of six cultivars tested. This research will facilitate the genetic transformation and micropropagation of Chrysanthemum cultivars.
Effects of various neuropeptide Y/peptide YY fragments on electrically‐evoked contractions of the rat vas deferens (1990)

1. The effects of various neuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY) fragments on electrically-evoked twitches in the rat isolated vas deferens were studied and compared with the effects of full length NPY and PYY. The aim was to identify the shortest NPY/PYY fragments that are capable of suppressing the contractions. 2. NPY (1-36) and C-terminal fragments of NPY (from 11-36 to 22-36) suppressed the electrically-evoked twitches in a concentration-dependent manner. On the whole there seemed to be a gradual lowering of the pIC50 values with progressive shortening of the NPY fragments (except for fragments 16-36 and 22-36 that had rather high pIC50 values). NPY 23-36, 24-36 and 25-36 suppressed the twitches at high concentrations (3 microM). NPY 26-36 was without effect as were C-terminal carboxy-deaminated NPY and glycine extended NPY (NPY-Gly-Lys-Arg). 3. PYY (1-36) and C-terminal fragments of PYY (from 11-36 to 23-36) suppressed the electrically-evoked twitches in a concentration-dependent manner. PYY 1-36 was more potent than any of the fragments. There was a tendency for shorter fragments to have lower pIC50 values. PYY 24-36 and 25-36 suppressed the twitches at high concentrations (3 microM). PYY 26-36 was without effect. 4. The findings suggest that the 12 C-terminal amino acid residues of NPY and PYY are the minimum length required to activate the Y2-receptor.
Pharmacokinetics of Phase I Nevirapine Metabolites following a Single Dose and at Steady State (2013)

Nevirapine is one of the most extensively prescribed antiretrovirals worldwide. The present analyses used data and specimens from two prior studies to characterize and compare plasma nevirapine phase I metabolite profiles following a single 200-mg oral dose of nevirapine in 10 HIV-negative African Americans and a steady-state 200-mg twice-daily dose in 10 HIV-infected Cambodians. Nevirapine was assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The 2-, 3-, 8- and 12-hydroxy and 4-carboxy metabolites of nevirapine were assayed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by noncompartmental analysis. The metabolic index for each metabolite was defined as the ratio of the metabolite area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) to the nevirapine AUC. Every metabolite concentration was much less than the corresponding nevirapine concentration. The predominant metabolite after single dose and at steady state was 12-hydroxynevirapine. From single dose to steady state, the metabolic index increased for 3-hydroxynevirapine (P < 0.01) but decreased for 2-hydroxynevirapine (P < 0.001). The 3-hydroxynevirapine metabolic index was correlated with nevirapine apparent clearance (P < 0.001). These findings are consistent with induction of CYP2B6 (3-hydroxy metabolite) and a possible inhibition of CYP3A (2-hydroxy metabolite), although these are preliminary data. There were no such changes in metabolic indexes for 12-hydroxynevirapine or 4-carboxynevirapine. Two subjects with the CYP2B6 *6*6 genetic polymorphism had metabolic indexes in the same range as other subjects. These results suggest that nevirapine metabolite profiles change over time under the influence of enzyme induction, enzyme inhibition, and host genetics. Further work is warranted to elucidate nevirapine biotransformation pathways and implications for drug efficacy and toxicity.
Conformational Studies of Covalently Grafted Poly(ethylene glycol) on Modified Solid Matrices Using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (2010)

Amine functionalized poly(ethylene glycols) (PEGs) with molecular weights 2000 and 4000 Da were covalently grafted onto carboxy modified hydrophilic Sephadex derivatives and hydrophobic polystyrene derivatives using anhydrous amine conjugation methods. Varying PEG surface concentration and layer thickness were achieved by controlling the reaction parameters and were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). C-O intensities obtained from high resolution C 1s scans were correlated using the standard overlay model to study the grafting kinetics as well as conformational properties of grafted polymer chains. A detailed and systematic comparison of PEG layer thickness and distance between grafted chains with the Flory radius of surface grafted PEG resulted in valuable information regarding conformational behavior of the polymer. The influence of the nature of the solid matrix on grafting kinetics and conformational properties of the grafted polymer chain was also established from the XPS results.
Insights into extramedullary tumour cell growth revealed by expression profiling of human plasmacytomas and multiple myeloma (2003)

Malignant plasma cells generally grow within the bone marrow microenvironment; however, they can also grow at extramedullary sites. To identify the tumour-specific alterations required for extramedullary growth, we analysed the expression profiles of a series of plasma cell neoplasms including primary multiple myeloma (MM), plasma cell leukaemia (PCL) and extramedullary plasmacytoma (EPC). Hierarchical clustering analysis segregated the EPCs from the remaining samples, and revealed an expression pattern associated with angiogenesis in the EPCs, involving higher expression of the genes TIE2, NOTCH3, CD31 and endoglin. Direct comparison of EPC samples with the MM samples identified 156 genes significantly upregulated and 85 genes significantly downregulated (P < 0.005, t-test) in the EPCs, including several genes involved in angiogenesis and adhesion that were upregulated (including angiopoietin 1, SPARC, Notch3 and fibronectin 1). Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated CD31 and endoglin protein expression in the EPC tumour cells, which are both angiogenesis related and could confer malignant plasma cells with the ability to grow outside the normal bone marrow environment. Defining how malignant plasma cell growth is regulated in the bone marrow versus at extramedullary sites will help to delineate the mechanisms underlying the dependence of tumour cell growth on angiogenesis and cell adhesion.