gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Granularity and detection capability of an adaptive embedded Hardware Trojan detection system (2016)

With the outsourcing of the integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing, embedded systems faces threats as Hardware Trojan. This paper presents a characterization of a Hardware Trojan detection method introduced in a former work. In this work, a network of sensors is uniformly spread over the IC surface to monitor locally the inner supply voltage. By conducting an analysis by lot, the authors are able to get rid of the main problem of Hardware Trojan detection: the effect of intra-die and inter-die process variations. In this paper, an analysis of the spatial coverage of the method is made experimentally on a set of FPGA boards. From the obtained results, a modification of the used sensor is proposed as well as an adaptive distinguisher which aims at reducing the false positive rate. These two improvements are also experimentally tested and validated with the same set of FPGA boards.
Antibacterial activity of berry juices, anin vitrostudy (2015)

The present study identified that in vitro bacterial growth on agar plates was inhibited by blackcurrant and sea buckthorn juices and that low juice pH explains bacterial in vitro growth. This may have clinical implications in biofilm development, reducing the risks for both tooth decay and gingivitis.
Intracerebral activity of antibiotics against Listeria monocytogenes during experimental rhombencephalitis (1999)

We used a model of rhombencephalitis in gerbils to test the efficacy of various antibiotics against Listeria monocytogenes. Gerbils were inoculated in the middle ear with strain EGD and treated subcutaneously with various antibiotics alone or in combination. We found that the most active antibiotics on intracerebral bacteria were amoxycillin, co-trimoxazole, rifampicin and imipenem. Vancomycin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin were weakly or not active. The combinations amoxycillin-co-trimoxazole, amoxycillin-gentamicin and co-trimoxazole-rifampicin were highly active against intracerebral bacteria.
Immediate thalamic sensory plasticity depends on corticothalamic feedback (1999)

Multiple neuron ensemble recordings were obtained simultaneously from both the primary somatosensory (SI) cortex and the ventroposterior medial thalamus (VPM) before and during the combined administration of reversible inactivation of the SI cortex and a reversible subcutaneous block of peripheral trigeminal nerve fibers. This procedure was performed to quantify the contribution of descending corticofugal projections on (i) the normal organization of thalamic somatosensory receptive fields and (ii) the thalamic somatosensory plastic reorganization that immediately follows a peripheral deafferentation. Reversible inactivation of SI cortex resulted in immediate changes in receptive field properties throughout the VPM. Cortical inactivation also significantly reduced but did not completely eliminate the occurrence of VPM receptive field reorganization resulting from the reversible peripheral deafferentation. This result suggests that the thalamic plasticity that is seen immediately after a peripheral deafferentation is dependent upon both descending corticofugal projections and ascending trigeminothalamic projections.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Alkylation of Aromatic Amines by Alcohols (2015)

The implementation of inexpensive, Earth-abundant metals in typical noble-metal-mediated chemistry is a major goal in homogeneous catalysis. A sustainable or green reaction that has received a lot of attention in recent years and is preferentially catalyzed by Ir or Ru complexes is the alkylation of amines by alcohols. It is based on the borrowing hydrogen or hydrogen autotransfer concept. Herein, we report on the Co-catalyzed alkylation of aromatic amines by alcohols. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions, and selectively generates monoalkylated amines. The observed selectivity allows the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted diamines. A novel Co complex stabilized by a PN5 P ligand catalyzes the reactions most efficiently.
Theory and application of a capacitive sensor for safeguarding in industry (2002)

A capacitive sensor for the safeguarding of automatically working machines in industry has been developed. It can be used as a complement to more expensive pressure sensitive mats, light curtains or fences. The sensor consists of two electrically conducting planes, insulated electrically from the ambient. The planes are placed opposite each other, one in the floor and one in the ceiling of for example a robot cell. One of the planes is used as the antenna of the transmitter and the other works as the antenna of the receiver. When conductive conditions in the space between the two planes are altered, e.g. a person enters, the signal from the receiver changes and indicates the presence of the person. By the use of a current/voltage-converter followed by a lock-in amplifier as receiver an excellent signal-to-noise ratio is achieved. A sine wave modulated by bandwidth limited white Gaussian noise is used as transmitting signal. This signal reduces the strength of the electric field per frequency unit, radiated by the sensor. The theory for the sensor and the sensor signal handling is presented and some practical experiments are described. The theory is well verified by the experimental results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ATENUAÇĂO DA ONDA POR ESPALHAMENTO EM HETEROGENEIDADES (1989)

Observa-se que urn pulso sismico é atenuado durante a sua propagaçăo pelas estruturas da Terra. Grande parte desta, deve-se ŕs propriedades inelasticas dos materiais constituintes da Terra, responsáveis pela dissipagao de energia do sinal. Contudo, uma outra parcela dessa atenuaçăo pode ser atribuída ao espalhamento de energia ("Scattering") da onda.
Recent advances in high mobility donor–acceptor semiconducting polymers (2012)

A combination of improved understanding of molecular design criteria and polymer purification techniques, as well as optimised fabrication techniques and device surface treatments, have driven recent advances in the performance of semiconducting polymers for transistor applications. This development has allowed polymer-based devices to reach parity with the best values obtained for small molecule evaporated devices. Herein, we present the most recent work on solution processable high mobility donor–acceptor type polymers. We discuss the approaches that have been taken to improve both hole (and electron) mobility further. We will not only focus on chemical design criteria, but also describe certain processing approaches which have led to impressive hole mobilities of up to 5.5 cm2 V−1 s−1.
Macrophage phagocytosis of wound neutrophils (1999)

Resolution of acute inflammation is thought to require the recognition and phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils (PMN) through receptor-ligand interactions with macrophages (Mphi). This hypothesis was tested in rat wounds by quantifying apoptosis in freshly harvested and aged-in-culture PMN taken from wounds 1-3 days after injury and by using these wound PMN as phagocytic targets for wound, immune-activated peritoneal, and resident peritoneal Mphi. Less than 6% of freshly harvested PMN exhibited characteristics of apoptosis. On aging in culture, day 1 PMN did not undergo apoptosis, whereas 41+/-1 and 29+/-1% of day 2 and 3 PMN, respectively, developed apoptosis, which corresponded to increased ingestion by Mphi. All three Mphi populations engaged different receptor-ligand pairs for the recognition and phagocytosis of PMN. Results indicate the resistance of early wound PMN to age-induced apoptosis, demonstrate wound-Mphi phagocytosis of wound PMN, and identify distinct receptor utilization by wound and other Mphi to ingest wound PMN.
Functional Parcellation of the Lateral Mesencephalus (2012)

The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR), which includes the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) and the cuneiform nucleus (CN), has been recently identified as a key structure for locomotion and gait control in mammals. However, the function and the precise anatomy of the MLR remain unclear in humans. To study the lateral mesencephalus, we used fMRI in 15 right-handed healthy volunteers performing two tasks: imagine walking in a hallway and imagine an object moving along the same hallway. Both tasks were performed at two different speeds: normal and 30% faster. We identified two distinct networks of cortical activation: one involving motor/premotor cortices and the cerebellum for the walking task and the other involving posterior parietal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices for the object moving task. In the lateral mesencephalus, we found that two different but anatomically connected parts of the MLR were activated during the fast condition of each task. The CN and the dorsal part of the PPN were activated during the fast imaginary walking task, whereas the ventral part of the PPN and the ventral part of the reticular formation were activated while subjects were imagining the object moving fast. Our data suggest that the lateral mesencephalus participates in different aspects of gait in humans, with the CN and dorsal PPN controlling motor aspects of locomotion and the ventral PPN being involved in integrating sensory information.
Proxy-P2P Streaming under the Microscope: Fine-Grain Measurement of a Configurable Platform (2010)

Although peer-to-peer (P2P) streaming can efficiently deliver live video content to large user populations, existing applications often suffer from limited video quality, periodic hiccups, and high delays. To overcome some of the limitations of today's unstructured (mesh-based) designs, we have developed and deployed FastMesh-SIM, a novel P2P streaming system that leverages proxies, push-mechanism and IP multicast to achieve lower playback delay and better stream continuity. Having control over a real P2P streaming system also gives us a rare opportunity to conduct controlled experiments where we vary major design parameters (e.g., push vs. pull delivery, IP multicast support, streaming rate, and video segment size) under a range of operating conditions (e.g., dynamics of peer churn, and different network configurations), while collecting detailed, fine-granular measurements (e.g., the various components of end-to-end delay). Analysis of the measurement data, consisting of seven trials of streaming several live TV channels for more than 100 hours to 140 peers, sheds light on how design decisions and the operating environment affect important performance metrics. Our experiments show that a push-based, proxy-P2P system can achieve low delay and good video quality, though network bottlenecks on long-haul connections can sometimes cause disruptions in a global deployment. Theory-practice gaps observed from the data are also discussed. Large-scale, global experiments are now being carried out.
Coverage enhancement techniques for machine-to-machine communications over LTE (2015)

The tremendous growth of machine-tomachine (M2M) applications has been a great attractor to cellular network operators to provide machine-type communication services. One of the important challenges for cellular systems supporting M2M terminals is coverage, because terminals can be located in spaces in buildings and structures suffering from significant penetration losses. Since these terminals are also often stationary, they are permanently without cellular coverage. To address this critical issue, the third generation partnership project (3GPP), and in particular its radio access network technical specification group, commenced work on coverage enhancement (CE) for long-term evolution (LTE) systems in June 2013. This article reviews the CE objectives defined for LTE machine-type communication and presents CE methods for LTE downlink and uplink channels discussed in this group. The presented methods achieve CE in a spectrally efficient manner and without notably affecting performance for legacy (non- M2M) devices.
Dünnschichtverdampfer in der thermischen Trenntechnik (1999)

Abstract So wertvoll Dünnschichtverdampfer für die thermische Verfahrenstechnik sind, so schwierig ist ihre Dimensionierung und Vorausberechenbarkeit. Trotz vieler Untersuchungen fanden sich mathematische Beschreibungen stets nur für sehr begrenzte Gültigkeitsbereiche. Für die Auslegung von Dünnschichtverdampfern ist man gezwungen auf umfangreiche Erfahrungswerte zurückzugreifen. Ohne Technikumsversuche kommt man jedoch meistens nicht aus.
Incremental role of resting myocardial computed tomography perfusion for predicting physiologically significant coronary artery disease: A machine learning approach (2017)

The addition of resting CTP analysis acquired from machine learning techniques may improve the predictive utility of significant ischemia over coronary stenosis.
SELECTIVE BITPLANE ENCRYPTION FOR SECURE TRANSMISSION OF IMAGE DATA IN MOBILE ENVIRONMENTS (2002)

We propose selective bitplane encryption to provide secure image transmission in low power mobile environments. Two types of ciphertext only attacks against this scheme are discussed and we use the corresponding results to derive conditions for a secure use of this technique.
Filaggrin Loss-of-Function Mutations and Association with Allergic Diseases (2008)

Human skin constitutes a highly organized barrier against environmental agents. Its unrestricted function depends on a complex interplay between multiple proteins and lipids expressed in the terminally differentiating epithelium. Recently, attention has been drawn to the protein filaggrin, an integral part of the epidermis that plays a key role in engineering and maintaining the barrier function. Common loss-of-function mutations within the filaggrin gene have been demonstrated to cause ichthyosis vulgaris, one of the most common heritable disorders of cornification, and to represent major risk factors for atopic eczema and secondary allergic diseases. The observations on filaggrin provide striking new insights into the etiology of atopic diseases and might pave the way for the development of new therapeutic approaches.
Online dropout detection in subcutaneously implanted continuous glucose monitoring (2010)

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) can inform diabetic people of the status of their glucose and warn of actual or impending hypo- or hyperglycemia. In the past decades, biosensors have been developed for CGM, among which the subcutaneously implanted glucose monitors are of much interest because they are less painful while quickly measure the critical glucose concentrations in the body. Experiments of these monitors show that there are occasionally spurious dropouts which do not reflect the true glucose level and will cause problems in glucose calibration. In this paper, a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) based online detector is proposed to detect dropouts for a single glucose sensor signal. Its effectiveness is demonstrated by both experimental data from the non-diabetic pig and clinical data from people.
SO038A TRANSLATIONAL KIDNEY ORGANOID SYSTEM BOLSTERS HUMAN RELEVANCE OF CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT CANDIDATE (2020)

Abstract Background and Aims A major challenge in drug discovery is gaining confidence in the human relevance of pre-clinical animal studies. While human iPSC-derived organoids offer exciting opportunities to address this, concerns about applicability and scalability remain. Here, we report a high-throughput human organoid platform for assessment of kidney disease targeting compounds. Method In vitro &amp; in vivo transplanted under athymic rat kidney capsule, differentiated organoids were characterized using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq), NanoString, &amp; immunofluorescence techniques. Immunofluorescence quantitative analysis of aggregated actin per in vitro organoid in a protamine sulfate (PS) podocyte injury model was used to evaluate efficacy of GFB-887, a sub-type selective, small molecule transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5) inhibitor. In pharmacokinetic studies, GFB-887 was orally administered into rats, then the presentation of GFB-887 was measured in rat plasma, rat kidney, &amp; in vivo transplanted human organoids. In pharmacodynamic studies of transplanted human organoids, rats were co-perfused with GFB-887 &amp; PS or orally dosed with GFB-887 prior to PS, then immunofluorescence quantitative analysis of mean synaptopodin intensity in podocytes of the in vivo transplanted organoids was used to evaluate efficacy of GFB-887. Results We confirmed platform reproducibility by scRNA-Seq and derived a NanoString panel for efficient quality control. Organoid transplantation in rats for 2 to 4 weeks promoted organoid maturation and vascularization. In functional studies, cyclosporine A (CsA), a calcineurin inhibitor clinically utilized for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome, and GFB-887, a novel sub-type selective TRPC5 inhibitor currently in clinical development, protected in vitro kidney organoids from injury. Pharmacodynamic studies with GFB-887 delivered orally to rats were also successfully performed in human transplanted organoids. Conclusion These data show how human organoids can deliver confidence in taking development candidate compounds to the clinic, fulfilling their promise to revolutionize drug discovery.
Work in progress report - Experimental Beating-heart mitral valve suture annuloplasty under real-time three-dimensional echocardiography guidance: an ex vivo study (2010)

We are developing an alternative mitral valve suture annuloplasty technique on the beating-heart under real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) guidance. The purpose of this initial study was to evaluate a feasibility of this technique using commercially available suturing devices (Sutur Tek Endo 360-degree, Sutur Tek Inc, North Chelmsford, MA, USA). Isolated porcine hearts (ns10) were mounted in a water-filled tank and attached to an ex vivo pulse simulation device, where varying left ventricle pressures with associated valve motion were generated by pulsatile flow through an apical cannula. The suturing device was inserted through the left atrium. Intraannular (De Vega type) suture annuloplasty was performed under RT3DE guidance. The procedure was successfully performed in all cases. The diameter of the annulus was effectively reduced (85.54.2% of original antero-posterior dimension, 86.76.1% of original transverse dimension). The number of tissue bites was 7.40.8. The maximum distance between the annulus and sutures placed was 1.1 mm. The total procedure time was 9.42.4 min. There was no collateral tissue injury in any of the cases. This ex vivo study demonstrates the feasibility of beating-heart mitral valve suture annuloplasty under RT3DE guidance. 2010 Published by European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.
Theoretical Calculation of Ionization Potentials for Disubstituted Benzenes:  Additivity vs Non-Additivity of Substituent Effects (2000)

The ionization potentials of 55 para- and 55 meta-disubstituted benzenes, consisting of all binary combinations of electron-withdrawing groups (-NO2, -CF3, -CHO, -COOH) and electron-donating groups (-Cl, -CH3, -OH, -OCH3, -NH2, and -N(CH3)2) have been calculated using density functional theory with the B3LYP functional and a 6-31G(d) basis set. Relative ionization potentials (delta IP), referred to benzene, are compared with experimental values and shown to be in good agreement. The disubstituted data were correlated with monosubstituted delta IP data and shown to require quadratic terms in order to achieve a good fit; the validity of this conclusion was possible due to the low scatter in the calculated data. A simple MO analysis gives a semiquantitative interpretation of the observed trends in substitutent effects, including a discussion of combinations of substituents for which nonadditivity should be expected.
Systemic and local effects of disportional longitudinal growth of bones in foals and lambs and the impact on bone mineral density and content (2010)

In the present study the effects of "periosteal stripping" on bone and cartilage metabolism of foals with angular limb deformities and healthy experimental lambs were examined. Five foals with angular limb deformities were treated surgically by means of "hemicircumferential transection of the periosteum and periosteal stripping" (HCTP/HP). Before surgery as well as twice after surgery, 1,25(OH) 2 Vitamin D, bone and cartilage markers in the serum were determined and compared to 5 healthy foals of the same age. In addition 10 healthy lambs were treated by HCTP/HP, in which the same parameters and bone density were determined. At 22 days after surgery the lambs were sacrificed and treated and control bones were sampled and processed for immunohistochemistry. Neither in foals nor in lambs, significant differences could be observed between treated and untreated animals with regard to the parameters measured in serum. Nevertheless, both treated groups revealed a tendency for higher bone remodelling compared to control animals. This could be the result of an increased bone remodelling rate following surgery. No statistically significant difference in bone mineral density between treated and untreated animals could be detected. In contrast local changes of signal transduction related to parathyroid hormone related protein and indian hedgehog (PTHrP/Ihh) were observed using immunhistochemistry. It was concluded that HCTP/HP at the level of epiphysis and metaphysis does not lead to systemic effects, even though local events detected by immunohistochemistry point to an increased bone formation at the treated site.
Impedance-Based Technologies (2012)

Activation of endogenous receptors (GPCR, tyrosine kinase and nuclear receptors) results in changes in the cytoskeleton and related morphological changes in cells. Changes in electrical impedance associated with these morphological changes in the presence of agonists and antagonists of these receptors can be used to evaluate hits from HTS assays. In this chapter, the basics of impedance assays and the use of two instruments available for these applications are discussed. Examples of GPCR activation and a sample protocol are also provided for the benefit of beginners and experienced investigators.
(Invited, Digital Presentation) Ultrathin Lateral Heterostructures Based on Two-Dimensional Semiconductors (2022)

Low-dimensional (2D) materials, including carbon nanotubes, graphene, boron nitrides, and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), have provided a platform to explore novel physics at the nano-scale. In addition to the fascinating properties of low-dimensional materials themselves, they allow exploring novel superstructures, such as heterojunctions, heterostacks, and superlattices, which give even broader possibilities. We are working on low-dimensional superstructures fabricated by (1) crystal growth with metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), and (2) stacking each component with the full-dry-transfer-based manipulation technique[1]-[6]. This presentation will focus on our recent works on low-dimensional superstructures, such as 2D ultrathin lateral superlattices. For example, we have successfully realized MoS2/WS2 2D lateral superlattices with a periodicity of down to one-atom-thick by MOCVD with an automatic valve control system. Also, we have observed characteristic PL arising probably from 1D junction structures. More details on the fabrication and optical properties of these superstructures will be addressed in this talk. [1] Y. Murai, et. al., ACS Nano 2021, doi.org/10.1021/ascnano.1c04584 [2] T. Hotta, et. al., ACS Nano 2021, 51:1370-1377. [3] T. Hotta, et al., Phys. Rev. B 2020, 102:115424. [4] S. Zhao et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 2020, 124:106101. [5] Y. Uchiyama et. al., npj 2D Mater. App. 2019, 3:26. [6] M. Okada, et. al., ACS Nano 2018, 12:2498-2505.