gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure Control in Organic−Inorganic Hybrids Using Hyperbranched High-Temperature Polymers (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTStructure Control in Organic−Inorganic Hybrids Using Hyperbranched High-Temperature PolymersJ. L. Hedrick, C. J. Hawker, R. D. Miller, R. Twieg, S. A. Srinivasan, and M. TrollsåsView Author Information Center for Polymeric Interfaces and Macromolecular Assemblies, IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120-6099Cite this: Macromolecules 1997, 30, 24, 7607–7610Publication Date (Web):December 1, 1997Publication History Received3 June 1997Revised19 September 1997Published online1 December 1997Published inissue 1 December 1997https://doi.org/10.1021/ma970797nCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views393Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (301 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Macromolecules,Organic polymers,Phase separation,Polymers,Silsesquioxanes Get e-Alerts
Leveraging Sparse and Dense Feature Combinations for Sentiment Classification (2017)

Neural networks are one of the most popular approaches for many natural language processing tasks such as sentiment analysis. They often outperform traditional machine learning models and achieve the state-of-art results on most tasks. However, many existing deep learning models are complex, difficult to train and provide a limited improvement over simpler methods. We propose a simple, robust and powerful model for sentiment classification. This model outperforms many deep learning models and achieves comparable results to other deep learning models with complex architectures on sentiment analysis datasets. We publish the code online.
Adhesion and friction studies of microelectromechanical systems/nanoelectromechanical systems materials using a novel microtriboapparatus (2003)

Adhesion and friction impacts the reliability of microelectromechanical systems/nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) devices. It is essential to study the adhesion and friction properties of the materials that are commonly used in these devices. A novel microtriboapparatus, capable of adopting MEMS components, has been used to perform tribological studies. Calibration of sensors, piezos, and cantilever was performed in this study. The adhesion and friction properties of single-crystal silicon, diamondlike carbon (DLC) films, and hexadecane thiol (HDT) self-assembled monolayers were investigated, and the effect of rest time, velocity, relative humidity, and temperature was studied. The relevant adhesion and friction mechanisms are also discussed. It is found that solid films of DLC and HDT can apparently reduce the adhesion and friction of Si(100). In the case of Si(100), rest time, velocity, relative humidity, and temperature dependence is found, whereas DLC and HDT are insensitive or less sensitive to these parameters. This study suggests that DLC and HDT films can be used as antiadhesion coatings for MEMS/NEMS at different environments and operating conditions.
204. THE TUMOUR IMMUNE MICROENVIRONMENT IN OESOPHAGEAL ADENOCARCINOMA HAS PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE (2022)

Abstract Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is a deadly disease with an increasing incidence globally. Treatment outcomes with traditional therapy have largely plateaued and responses to immunotherapy are modest at best, necessitating the need for better biomarker driven selection. We aimed to unravel the tumour neoantigen landscape and immune microenvironment in OAC patients to aid improved patient selection and inform novel immunotherapy trials. To characterise the tumour immune microenvironment and neoantigen landscape of OACs, we performed DNA sequencing (n = 117) and RNA sequencing (n = 115) on biopsies taken at pre-treatment endoscopy. Using expression-based computational methods we analysed transcriptomic data to profile infiltration levels of 28 immune cell populations and their functional orientation, as well as stromal signatures and immune checkpoint molecules. TCGA data was used for as a validation cohort. Tumour neoantigens were predicted using the pVAC-Seq pipeline. Using an immune based classification based on the tumour microenvironment composition, we identified three distinct phenotypes; immune-enriched (IE), heterogeneously-infiltrated (HI), and immune-cold (IC). The IE group showed improved survival compared to both HI and IC, with HI showing the worst survival. The HI-group showed no difference in stromal scores to the IE group, but showed significantly decreased adaptive-immune cell infiltration, indicating that an immunosuppressive stromal compartment may be driving outcomes for these patients. No difference was seen in total or quality neoantigen load between groups, but high correlation with antigen processing machinery is seen. Our analysis expands the knowledge of the relatively unknown tumour immune microenvironment of OAC. We have identified three immune TME-phenotypes with prognostic utility with current standard of care therapies; which may also act as potential immunotherapy biomarkers. This is being explored further in ongoing immune microenvironment research and will guide future translational studies.
Doing more with less: Multiple-link failure resiliency using shared mesh protection (2014)

This paper investigates the practical and economic aspects of building a multiple link failure resilient optical network using ITU-T standards based shared mesh protection schemes. Our results show that practical deployments of multiple link failure resilient networks are feasible using standards based shared mesh protection at a cost typically lower than 1+1 protection scheme, while enforcing sub-SOms protection for high priority services.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Hafnium and Zirconium Oxides Using Metal Amide Precursors (2002)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of smooth and highly conformal films of hafnium and zirconium oxides was studied using six metal alkylamide precursors for hafnium and zirconium. Water was used as an oxygen source during these experiments. As deposited, these films exhibited a smooth surface with a measured roughness equivalent to that of the substrate on which they were deposited. These films also exhibited a very high degree of conformality: 100% step coverage on holes with aspect ratios greater than 35. The films were completely uniform in thickness and composition over the length of the deposition reactor. The films were free of detectable impurities and had the expected (2:1) oxygen-to-metal ratio. Films were deposited at substrate temperatures from 50 to 500 °C from precursors that were vaporized at temperatures from 40 to 140 °C. The precursors were found to be highly reactive with hydroxylated surfaces. Their vapor pressures were measured over a wide temperature range. Deposition reactor design and ALD cycle design using these precursors are discussed.
Dendrimers destabilize proteins in a generation‐dependent manner involving electrostatic interactions (2008)

Dendrimers are well-defined chemical polymers with a characteristic branching pattern that gives rise to attractive features such as antibacterial and antitumor activities as well as drug delivery properties. In addition, dendrimers can solubilize prion protein aggregates at very low concentrations, but their mode of action is unclear. We show that poly(propylene imine) dendrimers based on di-aminobutane (DAB) and modified with guanidinium surface groups reduce insulin thermostability and solubility considerably at microgram per microliter concentrations, while urea-modified groups have hardly any effect. Destabilization is markedly generation-dependent and is most pronounced for generation 3, which is also the most efficient at precipitating insulin. This suggests that proteins can interact with both dendrimer surface and interior. The pH-dependence reveals that interactions are mainly mediated by electrostatics, confirmed by studies on four other proteins. Ability to precipitate and destabilize are positively correlated, in contrast to conventional small-molecule denaturants and stabilizers, indicating that surface immobilization of denaturing groups profoundly affects its interactions with proteins.
VLSI design of an ATM switch with automatic fault detection (2002)

This paper describes a VLSI implementation of a multistage self-routing ATM switch fabric. The size of the switch prototype is 16/spl times/16 and is designed to handle the OC-12 (622 Mbps) link rate. Based on a bit-slice architecture, the entire 16/spl times/16 switch is implemented using four identical chips. The switch has multiple paths, created by a randomizer in front of the routing stages, between each input-output pair. The switch uses an input/output-buffering scheme and contains no buffers inside the fabric. To facilitate fault detection and isolation, we add automatic fault detection schemes at the node, chip, and system levels of the design.
Zur katalytischen asymmetrischen Protonierung von Silyl‐Enolethern mit chiralen Palladiumkomplexen (1997)

Erst das zugesetzte Amin macht den aus einem Silbersalz und [PdCl 2 {( R )‐binap}] erhältlichen chiralen, kationischen Palladiumkomplex zu einem wirksamen asymmetrischen Katalysator für die Protonierung cyclischer Silyl‐Enolether durch Wasser [G1. (a)]. Vermutlich beruht die Wirkung des Amins auf der selektiven Desaktivierung eines der anfänglich entstehenden binap‐Palladiumkomplexe, und es „überlebt”︁ eine Palladium‐Spezies, die eine zwar weniger rasche, aber enantioselektivere Reaktion hervorruft. magnified image
REPORT on the Fifth International Workshop on Chromosome 9 held at Eynsham, Oxfordshire, UK, September 4–6, 1996 (1997)

The Fifth International workshop on chromosome 9 comprised a gathering of 36 scientists from seven countries and included a fairly even distribution of interests along chromosome 9 as well as a strong input from more global activities and from comparative mapping. At least eight groups had participated in the goal set at the previous workshop which was to improve the fine genetic mapping in different regions of chromosome 9 by meiotic breakpoint mapping in allocated regions and this has resulted in some greatly improved order information. Excellent computing facilities were available and all contributed maps were entered not only into SIGMA (and thence submitted to GDB) but also into a dedicated version of ACEDB which can be accessed on the Web in the form of one of 28 slices into which the chromosome has been arbitrarily divided. It was generally agreed that the amount of data is now overwhelming and that the integration and validation of all data is not only unrealistic in a short meeting but probably impossible until the whole chromosome has been sequenced and fully annotated. Sequence-ready contigs presented at the meeting totalled about 3 MB which is about one fiftieth of the estimated length. The single biggest barrier to integration of maps is the problem of non-standard nomenclature of loci. In the past 2 workshops efforts have been made to compare traditional 'consensus' maps made by human insight (still probably best for small specific regions) with those generated with some computer assistance (such as SIGMA) and those generated objectively by defined computer algorithms such as ldb. Since no single form of map or representation is entirely satisfactory for all purposes the maps reproduced in the published version of the report are confined to one of the genetic maps, in which Genethon and older markers have been incorporated, a Sigma map of the genes as symbols together with a listing of known 'disease' genes on chromosome 9, and a revised assessment of the mouse map together with a list of mouse loci predicted to be on human chromosome 9. One of the 25 ACEDB slices is also shown to illustrate strengths and weaknesses of this approach. Workshop files include not only all maps available at the time but also details of loci and details of the meiotic breakpoints in the CEPH families.
Ultra broadband MMIC 5-bit time shifter (2003)

An ultra broadband (2-18 GHz) MMIC 5-bit time shifter based on a new concept for the two least significant bits is presented. The basic idea is to reduce the number of switches as compared to the conventional time shifter based on single pole double throw (SPDT) switches. This has an impact on the losses as well as on the circuit area of the time shifter. The 5-bit time shifter is designed for a corresponding delay in air between 1.5 and 46.5 mm and occupies an area of 3.90/spl times/1.95 mm/sup 2/.
Generation of the ArCF22+ Dication (2009)

Thermal reactions of the CF32+ dication with argon lead to the formation of an ArCF22+ dication, a new type of metastable species with an argon−carbon bond. None of the other rare gases undergo a similar reaction with CF32+. For the lighter rare gases (He and Ne), no reactions with CF32+ other than those due to electronically excited reactant ions are observed, whereas for the heavier rare gases (Kr and Xe), the prevailing reactive pathways involve single-electron transfer. At elevated collision energies, single-electron transfer predominates for collisions with all rare gases (He−Xe).
ChemInform Abstract: An Isolable Dioxasubstituted Pentadienylium Ion. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Training Analogical Reasoning Skills in Children With Language Disorders (1999)

The benefit or effects of direct training of analogical reasoning was examined in school-aged children with language disorders. Analogy training was divided into two phases. The first phase consisted of direct instruction in the componential processes of analogical reasoning, and the second phase included bridging activities incorporated into school curriculum and life-skill situations. The performance of the trained children was compared to the performance of a control group of peers with language disorders, matched for mental age. There was a significant positive effect for training on students’ performance on verbal analogy problems.
ORGNET/PRO Methodology and Toolset for Redesigning Organizations (1998)

Both military and commercial institutions are moving rapidly toward systems that increase use of automation while dramatically decreasing the number of people performing the work. With more automation and fewer people, these systems will place more emphasis on human cognitive performance. Thus, these changes will require new organizational designs that are optimized for the cognitive role of humans. This paper discusses the Process for Redesign of Organizations (PRO) methodology and associated toolset that is being developed for aiding analysts in designing teams and optimizing the allocation of functions within these teams. The PRO methodology is based on extensions to the COGNET architecture to allow the modeling and measurement of organizational structures.
Taking a crack at the dome: histopathology of a pachycephalosaurid (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) frontoparietal dome (2021)

Recent studies have identified numerous pathologies in the cranial domes of pachycephalosaurid dinosaurs. These studies utilized CT images of domes to identify secondary woven bone and sclerosis associated with the pathologies. These features were critical for diagnosing post-traumatic osteomyelitis, which supported the head-butting behaviour hypothesis. However, conventional CT image resolution may not be sufficient to identify secondary woven bone or sclerotic bone in fossil specimens. UALVP 8504 (cf. Foraminacephale brevis), a dome possessing putative bone lesions, was thin-sectioned and micro-CT scanned. Thin sections revealed the lesions are lytic, without any secondary woven bone or sclerosis, falsifying the diagnosis of osteomyelitis. The morphology and histology of the lesions of UALVP 8504 are not diagnostic and resemble both post-traumatic and non-traumatic lesions. However, UALVP 8504 possesses shifted vascular canals (repositioning via remodeling, which maintains anatomical position throughout ontogeny) that are decoupled from growth (), and drifting osteons (secondary osteons where resorption occurs longitudinally and transversely). These demonstrate that the dome has sustained external mechanical loading, likely resulting from an impact or multiple impacts, consistent with the head-butting hypothesis. These impacts may have damaged overlying soft tissues and formed the lesions along the surface. Therefore, we suspect that the pathologies in UALVP 8504 are post-traumatic.
Achievable Rates of Hybrid Architectures with Few-Bit ADC Receivers (2016)

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) will likely be a key component of future wireless systems. This is thanks to its large multiplexing and beamforming gains which are essential for both mmWave and low frequency systems. Hybrid analog/digital architecture and receivers with low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are two solutions that were proposed to reduce the cost and power consumption. The work done so far on these two architectures, though, represent two extreme cases in which either small number of RF chains with full-resolution ADCs or low-resolution ADC with a number of RF chains equal to the number of antennas is assumed. In this paper, the generalized hybrid architecture with a small number of RF chains and arbitrary resolution ADCs is considered. For this architecture, the spectral efficiency is analyzed and the achievable rates with channel inversion and SVD based transmission methods are derived. The achievable rate is comparable to that achieved by full-precision ADC receiver at low and medium SNR.
Supplementary Fig. S1 from Bortezomib induces apoptosis via Bim and Bik up-regulation and synergizes with cisplatin in the killing of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (2023)

Supplementary Fig. S1 from Bortezomib induces apoptosis via Bim and Bik up-regulation and synergizes with cisplatin in the killing of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells
Labeling Panoramas with Spherical Hourglass Networks (2018)

With the recent proliferation of consumer-grade 360° cameras, it is worth revisiting visual perception challenges with spherical cameras given the potential benefit of their global field of view. To this end we introduce a spherical convolutional hourglass network (SCHN) for the dense labeling on the sphere. The SCHN is invariant to camera orientation (lifting the usual requirement for `upright' panoramic images), and its design is scalable for larger practical datasets. Initial experiments show promising results on a spherical semantic segmentation task.
The Role of β 2 -Microglobulin in Peptide Binding by Class I Molecules (1990)

Efficient transport of class I major histocompatibility complex molecules to the cell surface requires association of the class I heavy chain with endogenous peptide and the class I light chain, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M). A mutant cell line deficient in beta 2M transports low amounts of nonpeptide-associated heavy chains to the cell surface that can associate with exogenously provided beta 2M and synthetic peptide antigens. Normal beta 2M-sufficient cells grown in serum-free media devoid of beta 2M also require an exogenous source of beta 2M to efficiently bind synthetic peptide. Thus, class I molecules on normal cells do not spontaneously bind or exchange peptides.
Application of alternative hydrograph separation models to detect changes in flow paths in a watershed undergoing urban development (2000)

Runoff characteristics in a low-gradient central-Florida watershed were analysed using environmental δ18O and a series of conservative-tracer mass-balance models applied to a storm event (109 mm over approximately 30 h) monitored in May and June 1993 on the Econlockhatchee River, Florida. The assumption of steady-state conditions implicit in the widely used two-component mixing model was tested by applying steady-state and non-steady-state models for a subcatchment (215 km2) of the river. Both models indicated that about 76% of the resulting river flow was composed of pre-storm water. A third mass-balance model (steady-state) was developed to separate pre-storm from storm-event runoff over a discrete reach of the river, which had a contributing area of 135 km2. This model indicated that approximately 47% of the water entering the reach could be attributed to pre-storm water. The greater proportion of event water entering the reach was attributed to suburban development in the watershed and indicates that urbanization in watersheds not only affects the timing, peak and total runoff, but also may change flow-paths for runoff, and may significantly affect downstream water quality. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Newton modified barrier method in constrained optimization (1990)

In this paper, we develop and investigate the Newton method for solving constrained (non-smooth) optimization problems. This approach is based on the modified barrier functions (MBF) theory and on the global converging step-size version of the Newton method for smooth unconstrained optimization. Due to the excellent properties of the MBF near primal-dual solution, the Newton modified barrier method (NMBM) has a better rate of convergence, better complexity bound, and is much more stable in the final stage of the computational process than the methods which are based on the classical barrier functions (CBF).
Heavy photon dispersions in photonic crystal waveguides (2000)

Heavy photon dispersion curves exhibiting group velocities suppressed by two orders of magnitude are measured directly for deeply etched AlGaAs waveguide structures by means of surface coupling techniques. It is shown that due to the wave vector-selective nature of surface coupling, such techniques permit the excitation of modes of specific, known dispersion in photonic crystal waveguides. Coupling to regions of very strong anomalous dispersion is demonstrated, with potential to be developed into a method for excitation of gap solitons.
A New 140 GHz Planar Diode Finline Mixer for Radiometer Applications (1994)

A new coolable 142 GHz finline mixer using an anti parallel mounted pair of planar air-bridge-type GaAs Schottky barrier diodes is described. Excellent performance data were measured (single sideband noise temperature about 600°K at a case temperaur of 13°K, conversion loss about 6 dB at room temperature). These features are comparable wit the mehanically more complicated whisker contacted mixers, which are traditionally used in atmospheric sounder experiments. The finline mixer has successfully been applied as the core of a receiver frontend for millimetre wave ozone radiometry measurements at 142.175 GHz