gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transferts thermiques dans des microcanaux - Applications aux microéchangeurs (2005)

Les principaux résultats présentés ont été obtenus dans le cadre d'un Projet de Recherche Intégrée du Programme Interdisciplinaire Energie du CNRS. Il s’agit d’études à dominante expérimentale visant à mesurer les coefficients de frottement et les transferts de chaleur en mini- ou microcanaux (4µm à 1mm) et à mettre en évidence les écarts par rapport aux lois établies pour des canaux de dimensions conventionnelles. Elles concernent la convection forcée pour des fluides monophasiques. Les technologies envisageables pour des microéchangeurs ont également été abordées.
Josephson junction simulation of neurons (2010)

With the goal of understanding the intricate behavior and dynamics of collections of neurons, we present superconducting circuits containing Josephson junctions that model biologically realistic neurons. These "Josephson junction neurons" reproduce many characteristic behaviors of biological neurons such as action potentials, refractory periods, and firing thresholds. They can be coupled together in ways that mimic electrical and chemical synapses. Using existing fabrication technologies, large interconnected networks of Josephson junction neurons would operate fully in parallel. They would be orders of magnitude faster than both traditional computer simulations and biological neural networks. Josephson junction neurons provide a new tool for exploring long-term large-scale dynamics for networks of neurons.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Nickel‐Molybdenum Powder Electrodes. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Free‐Standing and Ultralong‐Life Lithium‐Selenium Battery Cathode Enabled by 3D Mesoporous Carbon/Graphene Hierarchical Architecture (2014)

High capacity cathode materials for long‐life rechargeable lithium batteries are urgently needed. Selenium cathode has recently attracted great research attention due to its comparable volumetric capacity to but much better electrical conductivity than widely studied sulfur cathode. However, selenium cathode faces similar issues as sulfur (i.e., shuttling of polyselenides, volumetric expansion) and high performance lithium‐selenium batteries (Li–Se) have not yet been demonstrated at selenium loading &gt;60% in the electrode. In this work, a 3D mesoporous carbon nanoparticles and graphene hierarchical architecture to storage selenium as binder‐free cathode material (Se/MCN‐RGO) for high energy and long life Li–Se batteries is presented. Such architecture not only provides the electrode with excellent electrical and ionic conductivity, but also efficiently suppresses polyselenides shuttling and accommodates volume change during charge/discharge. At selenium content of 62% in the entire cathode, the free‐standing Se/MCN‐RGO exhibits high discharge capacity of 655 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C (97% of theoretical capacity) and long cycling stability with a very small capacity decay of 0.008% per cycle over 1300 cycles at 1 C. The present report demonstrates significant progress in the development of high capacity cathode materials for long‐life Li batteries and flexible energy storage device.
Ultrafast optical properties of gold nanoshells (1999)

We present the results of ultrafast pump–probe measurements on films of gold-coated gold sulfide nanoshells. The measured change in transmission (ΔT/T) agrees with theoretical calculations that relate the increase in the electron temperature to changes in the Drude and interband components of the gold shell dielectric function. The major contribution physically corresponds to modified screening of the d-band electrons by the conduction electrons in the gold shell. The electrons cool with a lifetime of ∼1.6 ps, indicating a slower cooling rate than is observed in bulk gold.
Ferrous Sulphate Poisoning in Children (1951)

The four patients whose case histories are presented above have certain features in common, apart from their site of origin. In all of them neoplastic change occurred after a long latent interval, which varied only between 26 and 30 years. They were all treated originally for benign conditions, and in three of them it is known that frequently repeated doses of x rays were given over a period of six months or more. In the'three patients treatedfor thyrotoxicosis the tumours had arisen approximately 4 cm. deep to the centre of the irradiated area of skin, and these three patients had all suffered severe radiation damage to the skin, two of them requiring excision and plastic repair for either epitheliomatous change or necrosis. Case 4 alone failed to show any convincing evidence of skin damage, and for this reason it is doubtful whether the tumour can be attributed to irradiation. However, this is a comparatively uncommon site for cancer, and it is difficult to be persuaded that its appearance was purely coincidental. Radiation is only one of many known carcinogenic agents, and, although it cannot be held solely responsible, it may well have been a contributory factor in the genesis of this tumour.
Secondary structure of calf‐thymus histone H1 by means of 13C‐NMR spectroscopy (1979)

Abstract 13 C‐nmr spectroscopy was used to determine the location of the structured segment of the chain of histone H1 in water and NaCl solutions. The segment found (41–89) is contained in the area proposed by others on the basis of 1 H‐nmr studies. The number of basic groups left in the mobile ends of the protein matches the number of bases of internucleosomal DNA.
Preparation and Characterization of Polyurethane Waterproof Coatings Containing Fly Ash (2003)

Polyurethane waterproof (PW) coatings are increasingly demanded in Korea for repairing cracks on old building roofs and construction of many sporting facilities. Calcium carbonate, a common filler, is incorporated in PW compositions. In this study, PW coatings were prepared by substituting a part of calcium carbonate with fly ash. The maximum amounts of calcium carbonate which can be substituted by fly ash obtained in the cyclone and bag filter dust collectors were 20 and 10%, respectively. It was found that the curing rate of PWs ran be controlled by varying the amount of Pb-octoate catalyst. The elongations at break as well as tensile strength and tear strength of PW coatings containing fly ash could also be adjusted such that their values were comparable to those of a standard PW coating by varying relative amounts of some components. However, the amount of cadmium, mercury, and lead leached from PW coatings containing fly ash obtained from the bag filter collector exceeded the respective allowed upper limits, mainly due to the initial high contents of them in the fly ash. On the other hand, PW coatings containing fly ash obtained from the cyclone collector exhibited better mechanical properties and did not release any significant amounts of the heavy metals. Thus, it was concluded that PW coatings containing fly ash can be utilized for practical applications as long as an appropriate fly ash is used.
From Haloquinolines and Halopyridines to Quinoline- and Pyridinesulfonyl Chlorides and Sulfonamides (2007)

The action of sodium methanethiolate (in boiling DMF) towards haloazines (i.e. chloro-or bromo-pyridines and quinolines) (1) (with halogen substituent in non-aza-activated position) causes sequentially halogen ipso-substitution to methylthioazines (2) and then S-demethylation to azinethiolates (3A), which were: i) subjected to S-methylation, ii) oxidized to diazinyl disulfides (4) and iii) oxidatively chlorinated to azinesulfonyl chlorides (5). and -pyridineand quinolinesulfonyl chlorides (5a, 5c, 5d and 5f) were prepared by oxidative chlorination of respective disulfides (4) performed in conc. hydrochloric acid and characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra. All azinesulfonyl chlorides (5) were effectively converted to corresponding azinesulfonamides (6).
Transcriptional Functionality of Germ Line p53 Mutants Influences Cancer Phenotype (2007)

These findings establish for the first time significant correlations between the residual transactivation function of individual TP53 alleles and clinical variables in patients with inherited p53 mutations who develop cancer.
Silk fibroin and sericin polymer blends for sustainable battery separators (2021)

Natural polymers are a promising alternative for reducing the environmental impact of batteries. For this reason, it is still necessary to study their behavior and implement its use in these devices, especially in separator membranes. This work reports on new separator membranes based on silk fibroin (SF) and silk sericin (SS) prepared by salt leaching method. The effect of the different SS relative content on the physiochemical properties of the membranes and on the electrochemical performance of the corresponding batteries with lithium iron phosphate (LFP) as cathodes has been reported. It is observed that the increasing of SS content leads to a decrease of the overall crystallinity of the membranes. All SF/SS membranes presented a well-defined porosity above 75% with a uniform distribution of interconnected micropores. The electrolyte uptake and the ionic conductivity are dependent on the relative SS content. The addition of 10 wt% of SS into SF membranes, induce a high ionic conductivity of 4.09 mS.cm<sup>-1</sup> and high lithium transference number (0.52), due to the improvement of the Li<sup>+</sup> ions conduction paths within the blended structure. Charge/discharge tests performed in Lithium/C-LFP half-cells reveal a discharge capacity of 85 mAh.g<sup>-1</sup> at 2C after 100 cycles for batteries with a SF/SS separator, containing a 10 wt% of SS, which suggests a stabilizing effect of Sericin on discharge capacity. Further, a 50% and 35% of capacity of retention and capacity fade, respectively, is observed. The presented SF/SS membrane show high electrochemical stability, being suitable for implementation in a next generation of sustainable battery systems. This could allow the SS valorization considering that 150,000 tons of SS are abandoned each year, reducing the contamination of environmental effluents.
Galactomannoproteins of Aspergillus fumigatus (2005)

Galactofuranose-containing molecules have been repeatedly shown to be important antigens among human fungal pathogens, including Aspergillus fumigatus. Immunogenic galactofuran determinants have been poorly characterized chemically, however. We reported here the characterization of two glycoproteins of A. fumigatus with an N-glycan containing galactofuranose. These proteins are a phospholipase C and a phytase. Chemical characterization of the N-glycan indicates that it is a mixture of Hex(5-13)HexNAc(2) oligosaccharides, the major molecular species corresponding to Hex(6-8)HexNAc(2). The N-glycan contained one galactofuranose unit that was in a terminal nonreducing position attached to the 2 position of Man. This single terminal nonreducing galactofuranose is essential for the immunoreactivity of the N-glycans assessed either with a monoclonal antibody that recognizes a tetra-beta-1,5-galactofuran chain of galactomannan or with Aspergillus-infected patient sera.
Effects of Serotonergic Medications on Locomotor Performance in Humans with Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury (2014)

Incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) often results in significant motor impairments that lead to decreased functional mobility. Loss of descending serotonergic (5HT) input to spinal circuits is thought to contribute to motor impairments, with enhanced motor function demonstrated through augmentation of 5HT signaling. However, the presence of spastic motor behaviors in SCI is attributed, in part, to changes in spinal 5HT receptors that augment their activity in the absence of 5HT, although data demonstrating motor effects of 5HT agents that deactivate these receptors are conflicting. The effects of enhancement or depression of 5HT signaling on locomotor function have not been thoroughly evaluated in human iSCI. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate acute effects of 5HT medications on locomotion in 10 subjects with chronic (>1 year) iSCI. Peak overground and treadmill locomotor performance, including measures of gait kinematics, electromyographic (EMG) activity, and oxygen consumption, were assessed before and after single-dose administration of either a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or a 5HT antagonist using a double-blinded, randomized, cross-over design. Results indicate that neither medication led to improvements in locomotion, with a significant decrease in peak overground gait speed observed after 5HT antagonists (from 0.8±0.1 to 0.7±0.1 m/s; p=0.01). Additionally, 5-HT medications had differential effects on EMG activity, with 5HT antagonists decreasing extensor activity and SSRIs increasing flexor activity. Our data therefore suggest that acute manipulation of 5HT signaling, despite changes in muscle activity, does not improve locomotor performance after iSCI.
Mice Lacking Endoglin in Macrophages Show an Impaired Immune Response (2016)

Endoglin is an auxiliary receptor for members of the TGF-β superfamily and plays an important role in the homeostasis of the vessel wall. Mutations in endoglin gene (ENG) or in the closely related TGF-β receptor type I ACVRL1/ALK1 are responsible for a rare dominant vascular dysplasia, the Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT), or Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome. Endoglin is also expressed in human macrophages, but its role in macrophage function remains unknown. In this work, we show that endoglin expression is triggered during the monocyte-macrophage differentiation process, both in vitro and during the in vivo differentiation of blood monocytes recruited to foci of inflammation in wild-type C57BL/6 mice. To analyze the role of endoglin in macrophages in vivo, an endoglin myeloid lineage specific knock-out mouse line (Eng(fl/fl)LysMCre) was generated. These mice show a predisposition to develop spontaneous infections by opportunistic bacteria. Eng(fl/fl)LysMCre mice also display increased survival following LPS-induced peritonitis, suggesting a delayed immune response. Phagocytic activity is impaired in peritoneal macrophages, altering one of the main functions of macrophages which contributes to the initiation of the immune response. We also observed altered expression of TGF-β1 target genes in endoglin deficient peritoneal macrophages. Overall, the altered immune activity of endoglin deficient macrophages could help to explain the higher rate of infectious diseases seen in HHT1 patients.
Characterization of the Frequency and Muscle Response in the Lumbar and Thoracic Spines During Sinusoidal Vertical Whole Body Vibration (2013)

Vibration exposure has been linked to chronic neck and lower back pain [1,2]. For example, American male workers operating vibrating vehicles, such as industrial trucks and tractors, have been reported to have a higher prevalence of low back pain than workers whose occupations do not involve vibration exposures [1]. Also, military helicopter aviators report increased pain during deployment compared to pre-deployment, with between 22–37% reporting neck and 39–70% reporting low back pain [2]. It has been suggested that the cyclic muscle response to whole body vibration (WBV) can lead to muscle fatigue, further contributing to the development of low back pain [3]. Although several studies have measured the transmissibility response of the human spine [4,5], studies defining the mechanical effects of whole body vibration in a seated human are limited [4,5] and none have investigated the relationship between the biomechanical and muscle activity responses during such whole body vibration exposures.
Molecular structure of the oxidized, recombinant, heterocyst [2Fe-2S] (iron-sulfur) ferredoxin from Anabaena 7120 determined to 1.7-.ANG. resolution (1993)

The [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin produced in the heterocyst cells of Anabaena 7120 plays a key role in nitrogen fixation, where it serves as an electron acceptor from various sources and an electron donor to nitrogenase. The three-dimensional structure of this ferredoxin has now been determined and refined to a crystallographic R value of 16.7%, with all measured X-ray data from 30.0 to 1.7 A. The molecular motif of this ferredoxin is similar to that of other plant-type ferredoxins with the iron-sulfur cluster located toward the outer edge of the molecule and the irons tetrahedrally coordinated by both inorganic sulfurs and sulfurs provided by protein cysteinyl residues. The overall secondary structure of the molecule consists of seven strands of beta-pleated sheet, two alpha-helices, and seven type I turns. It is of special interest that 4 of the 22 amino acid positions thought to be absolutely conserved in nonhalophilic ferredoxins are different in the heterocyst form of the protein. Three of these positions are located in the metal-cluster binding loop.
Hypergraphic partitioning of quantum circuits for distributed quantum computing (2023)

In the context of NISQ computers - Noise Intermediate Scale Quantum, it is a consensus that the distribution of circuits among processing agents is a viable approach to get greater scalability with small machines. This approach can increase the combined computational power at the cost of dedicating qubits to get the communication between partitions. Then comes the challenge of reducing this cost of communication-based on efficient circuit partitioning strategies. In this context, this work aims to reduce the consumption of communication qubits generated during the physical partitioning of quantum circuits in the distributed quantum computing scenario. We present a new method for partitioning quantum circuits in a hypergraphic representation, using a heuristic partitioning algorithm for this, reducing the number of communication qubits between the partitions. With this approach, we obtained partial results with a more than 50% reduction in the communication cost generated for the bipartite partitioning against a process done randomly on benchmark circuits. The expectation is that future experiments with multiple partitions will continue with equal or better results than previous works, supporting distributed quantum computing with machines in heterogeneous processing and communication scenarios.
Specific distribution of sodium channels in axons of rat embryo spinal motoneurones (1999)

1. The distribution of Na+ channels and development of excitability were investigated in vitro in purified spinal motoneurones obtained from rat embryos at E14, using electrophysiological, immunocytochemical and autoradiographical methods. 2. One hour after plating the motoneurones (DIV0), only somas were present. They expressed a robust delayed rectifier K+ current (IDR) and a fast-inactivating A-type K+ current (IA). The rapid neuritic outgrowth was paralleled by the emergence of a fast-activating TTX-sensitive sodium current (INa), and by an increase in both K+ currents. 3. The change in the three currents was measured daily, up to DIV8. The large increase in INa observed after DIV2 was accompanied by the onset of excitability. Spontaneous activity was observed as from DIV6. 4. The occurrence of axonal differentiation was confirmed by the fact that (i) only one neurite per motoneurone generated antidromic action potentials; and (ii) 125I-alpha-scorpion toxin binding, a specific marker of Na+ channels, labelled only one neurite and the greatest density was observed in the initial segment. Na+ channels therefore selectively targeted the axon and were absent from the dendrites and somas. 5. The specific distribution of Na+ channels was detectable as soon as the neurites began to grow. When the neuritic outgrowth was blocked by nocodazole, no INa developed. 6. It was concluded that, in spinal embryonic motoneurone in cell culture, Na+ channels, the expression of which starts with neuritic differentiation, are selectively addressed to the axonal process, whereas K+ channels are present in the soma prior to the neuritic outgrowth.
Emergency cardiopulmonary bypass support in patients with cardiac arrest in the catheterization laboratory (1990)

Abstract Cardiac arrest in the catheterization laboratory is fatal if unresponsive to advanced cardiac life support (ACLS). Seven patients not responding to ACLS following cardiac arrest in the catheterization laboratory underwent percutaneously instituted cardiopulmonary bypass support. Cardiac arrest occurred following abrupt closure postcoronary angioplasty in three patients, during cardiogenic shock in three patients, and during diagnostic angiography in one patient. Cardiopulmonary bypass was instituted 10–45 min (mean, 21 min) following the onset of cardiac arrest. Flows on bypass ranged from 4.0 to 5.2 liter/min. Mean blood pressure ranged from 70 to 110 mm Hg on bypass. Six of the seven patients regained consciousness after the institution of bypass. Acid‐base balance was normalized in all patients. Coronary bypass surgery was subsequently performed in three patients and coronary angioplasty in two. Four patients survived. One patient died following coronary bypass surgery. Two patients, who were not suitable candidates for revascularization, expired. Total bypass time was 1.5–8.5 hr (mean, 2.7 hr). At a mean follow‐up of 6 months, all four survivors are alive and asymptomatic or NYHA class 1. We conclude that cardiopulmonary bypass support 1) can stabilize patients following cardiac arrest in the catheterization laboratory, 2) can facilitate emergency coronary angioplasty or transfer to the operating room for coronary bypass surgery, and (3) can improve survival in patients unresponsive to ACLS when instituted early following cardiac arrest in the catheterization laboratory.
Speech Enhancement Using a MMSE Short Time Spectral Amplitude Estimator with Laplacian Speech Modeling (2006)

This paper focuses on optimal estimators of the magnitude spectrum for speech enhancement. We present an analytical solution for estimating in the MMSE sense the magnitude spectrum when the clean speech DFT coefficients are modeled by a Laplacian distribution and the noise DFT coefficients are modeled by a Gaussian distribution. Furthermore, we derive the MMSE estimator under speech presence uncertainty and a Laplacian model. Results indicated that the Laplacian based MMSE estimator yielded less residual noise in the enhanced speech than the traditional Gaussian-based MMSE estimator.