gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic Programming for Malware Analysis (2016)

Constructing lineages of malware is an important cyber-defense task. Performing this task is difficult, however, due to the amount of malware data and obfuscation techniques by the authors. In this work, we formulate the lineage task as a probabilistic model, and use a novel probabilistic programming solution to jointly infer the lineage and creation times of families of malware.
Studies of ambient noise in shallow water environments off Mexico and Alaska : : characteristics, metrics and time- synchronization applications (2013)

Sound in the ocean originates from multiple mechanisms, both natural and anthropogenic. Collectively, underwater ambient noise accumulates valuable information about both its sources and the oceanic environment that propagates this noise. Characterizing the features of ambient noise source mechanisms is challenging, but essential, for properly describing an acoustic environment. Disturbances to a local acoustic environment may affect many aquatic species that have adapted to be heavily dependent on this particular sense for survival functions. In the case of marine mammals, which are federally protected, demand exists for understanding such potential impacts, which drives important scientific efforts that utilize passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) tools to inform regulatory decisions. This dissertation presents two independent studies that use PAM data to investigate the characteristics of source mechanisms that dominate ambient noise in two diverse shallow water environments. The study in Chapter 2 directly addresses the concern of how anthropogenic activities can degrade the effectiveness of PAM. In the Alaskan Beaufort Sea, an environment where ambient noise is normally dominated by natural causes, seismic surveys create impulsive sounds to map the composition of the bottom. By inspecting single-sensor PAM data, the spectral characteristics of seismic survey airgun reverberation are measured, and their contribution to the overall ambient noise is quantified. This work is relevant to multiple ongoing mitigation protocols that rely on PAM to acoustically detect marine mammal presence during industrial operations. Meanwhile, Chapter 3 demonstrates that by analyzing data from multiple PAM sensors, features embedded in both directional and omnidirectional ambient noise can be used to develop new time-synchronization processing techniques for aligning autonomous elements of an acoustic array, a tool commonly used in PAM for detecting and tracking marine mammals. Using the time-synchronization procedures shown here, arrays may be built out of stand-alone recorders that simplify the deployment logistics and can be arranged in multiple configurations. Given increasing economic pressures worldwide, anthropogenic activities in the ocean are only expected to expand, and their ambient noise contributions will continue to rise. These studies provide baseline knowledge and practical tools to help properly assess the impact of such source mechanisms in shallow- water acoustic environments
Comparison of retraction pressure between novel and conventional retractor systems—a cadaver study (2010)

Retraction pressure was found not to be uniform all over the retracted surface. Higher retraction pressure was noted along the edges of retractor blades in general, and along the convexity of a curved blade. The conventional retractor system with a curved blade generated significantly higher retraction pressures than the novel Seex retractor with a curved blade.
Human Exposure to Jet Propellant-8 (2010)

Human exposure to Jet Propellant-8 (JP-8) has increased dramatically over the past 20 years when JP-8 became the preferred fuel for military aircraft and land vehicles in the United States and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries. As the tape-strip technique measuring naphthalene proved a reliable and useful method to estimate JP-8 exposure in a laboratory setting, it was used to assess human JP-8 exposure in an occupational exposure setting. Assessing JP-8 exposure is difficult because it is a mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds. Estimating JP-8 exposure on the basis of ambient air is usually performed with personal monitoring devices. Personal monitoring devices are limited and insufficient in this situation because they only estimate potential inhalation exposure, and cannot estimate dermal exposure. Exposure to jet fuel is ubiquitous throughout the US military, but a detailed picture of JP-8 exposure and adverse human health effects associated with this exposure are not well understood.
An Approach to Converting Relational Database to Graph Database: from MySQL to Neo4j (2022)

At present, there are few research methods that can convert any relational database into a graph database, and most of them are based on a specific field data set to build a relational database, and then perform simple conversion through the characteristics of the data set.Aiming at this problem, a universal conversion method is proposed. Firstly, converted the most basic component tables name, records, and fields in the relational database into labels, nodes, and corresponding attributes of the nodes under the graph database; secondly, used the intermediate connection table method to convert the foreign keys in the relational database into the relationship of a graph database between the nodes; then some constraint issues in relational databases, such as multiple primary key issues, indexes, and no default values, were optimized to form a final graph database model that met expectations; finally, Realized the effective migration of large quantities of data in the relational database to the constructed graph database model. In the experiment, the above method was used to successfully convert a relational database to a graph database, and the database construction, data import, SQL query and Cypher language query were performed for the database before and after the conversion, and through the analysis and comparison of data integrity, time cost, result validity,which shows that the integrity and operability of the database before and after conversion are consistent, and the data processing efficiency of the database is much higher than that of the relational database, which verifies that the method in this paper is feasible.
Prediction of chaotic time series using recurrent neural networks (2003)

The authors propose to train and use a recurrent artificial neural network (ANN) to predict a chaotic time series. Instead of training the network with the next sample in the time series as is normally done, a sequence of samples that follows the present sample will be utilized. Dynamical parameters extracted from the time series provide the information to set the length of these training sequences. The proposed method has been applied to predict both periodic and chaotic time series, and is superior to the conventional ANN approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Circadian Regulation of Lipid Mobilization in White Adipose Tissues (2013)

In mammals, a network of circadian clocks regulates 24-h rhythms of behavior and physiology. Circadian disruption promotes obesity and the development of obesity-associated disorders, but it remains unclear to which extent peripheral tissue clocks contribute to this effect. To reveal the impact of the circadian timing system on lipid metabolism, blood and adipose tissue samples from wild-type, ClockΔ19, and Bmal1(-/-) circadian mutant mice were subjected to biochemical assays and gene expression profiling. We show diurnal variations in lipolysis rates and release of free fatty acids (FFAs) and glycerol into the blood correlating with rhythmic regulation of two genes encoding the lipolysis pacemaker enzymes, adipose triglyceride (TG) lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase, by self-sustained adipocyte clocks. Circadian clock mutant mice show low and nonrhythmic FFA and glycerol blood content together with decreased lipolysis rates and increased sensitivity to fasting. Instead circadian clock disruption promotes the accumulation of TGs in white adipose tissue (WAT), leading to increased adiposity and adipocyte hypertrophy. In summary, circadian modulation of lipolysis rates regulates the availability of lipid-derived energy during the day, suggesting a role for WAT clocks in the regulation of energy homeostasis.
Syntheses, Spectra, and Structures of (Diphosphine)platinum(II) Carbonate Complexes (1996)

A variety of (diphosphine)platinum(II) carbonate complexes, (LL)Pt(CO(3)), are readily prepared from the corresponding (diphosphine)platinum dichlorides by treatment with silver carbonate in dichoromethane solution provided that water is present. This reaction also permits facile preparation of analogous (13)C-labeled complexes. The carbonate ligands in these complexes have been characterized by IR and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. Alternative preparative routes involve conversion of the precursor dichlorides to the corresponding dialkoxides or diphenoxides, followed by treatment with water and carbon dioxide. Various reaction intermediates have been spectroscopically observed in the latter syntheses. Two crystalline modifications of (Ph(2)PCH(2)CH(2)CH(2)PPh(2))Pt(CO(3)), one with and one without a dichloromethane of solvation, have been studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystal data for PtP(2)O(3)C(28)H(26): P2(1)/c, Z = 4, T = 200 K, a = 10.362(8) Å, b = 14.743(6) Å, c = 19.183(10) Å, beta = 122.69(6) degrees. Crystal data for PtP(2)O(3)C(28)H(26).CH(2)Cl(2): P2(1)/c, Z = 4, T approximately 298 K, a = 11.744(2) Å, b = 15.526(3) Å, c = 15.866(3) Å, beta = 101.58(1) degrees.
Real-time trajectory planning for ground and aerial vehicles in a dynamic environment (2008)

In this dissertation, a novel and generic solution of trajectory generation is developed and evaluated for ground and aerial vehicles in a dynamic environment. By explicitly considering a kinematic model of the ground vehicles, the family of feasible trajectories and their corresponding steering controls are derived in a closed form and are expressed in terms of one adjustable parameter for the purpose of collision avoidance. A collision-avoidance condition is developed for the dynamically changing environment, which consists of a time criterion and a geometrical criterion. By imposing this condition, one can determine a family of collision-free paths in a closed form. Then, optimization problems with respect to different performance indices are setup to obtain optimal solutions from the feasible trajectories. Among these solutions, one with respect to the near-shortest distance and another with respect to the near-minimal control energy are analytical and simple. These properties make them good choices for real-time trajectory planning. Such optimal paths meet all boundary conditions, are twice differentiable, and can be updated in real time once a change in the environment is detected. Then this novel method is extended to 3D space to find a real-time optimal path for aerial vehicles. After that, to reflect the real applications, obstacles are classified to two types: “hard” obstacles that must be avoided, and “soft” obstacles that can be run over/through. Moreover, without losing generality, avoidance criteria are extended to obstacles with any geometric shapes. This dissertation also points out that the emphases of the future work are to consider other constraints such as the bounded velocity and so on. The proposed method is illustrated by computer simulations.
New cardiovascular events in the convalescent period among survivors of SARS-CoV-2 infection (2022)

Our study suggests that new cardiovascular events rate in the convalescent period among pneumonia patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection was not significantly higher than the rate seen with other pneumonias.
Cardiovascular risk factors and their management in 1282 adult people with type 1 diabetes (2007)

OBJECTIVE: The mortality rate in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is over three-times that of their counterparts without diabetes. The underlying reason for this in the developed world is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Strict control of CVD risk factors, for which guidelines now exist, reduces morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to determine if these guidelines are being achieved. RESEARCH DESIGN: Data were collected on 1282 adults with T1D from hospitals in the city of Birmingham, UK. Guidelines were those recommended by Joint British Societies: blood pressure (BP) 130/80 mmHg, total cholesterol (TC) 4 mmol/L, non-smoking status, HbA(1c) 6.5% and body mass index (BMI) 25 kg/m(2). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The mean age was 46 years and duration of diabetes 21 years. Data on CVD risk factors were poorly documented, with a minimally defined dataset of TC, smoking history and HbA(1c) being completely recorded in only 72% of people. CVD risk factor targets were also poorly achieved with only 0.7% of patients achieving all minimal dataset targets. HbA(1c) and TC targets were those most poorly achieved. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest study of CVD risk factors in the UK and the only one to audit the standard of care provided against recent guidelines published by the joint societies. The results show that CVD risk factors are poorly recorded and sub-optimally managed in adults with T1D. Far more aggressive management is essential if mortality rates for T1D in the UK are to be reduced.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of the Fungal Metabolites Boletopsins 7 (Ia), 11 (Ib), and 12 (Ic) from the Papua New Guinea Medicinal Mushroom Boletopsis sp. (2014)

Abstract The title compounds (I) show weak antibiotic activity against a panel of human pathogenic bacteria.
Computer-generated holograms using multiview images captured by a small number of sparsely arranged cameras (2012)

Computer-generated holograms (CGHs) using multiview images (MVIs) are holograms generated with multiple ordinary cameras. This process typically requires a huge number of cameras arranged at high density. In this paper, we propose a method to improve CGH using MVIs that obtains the MVIs by using voxel models rather than cameras. In the proposed method the voxel model is generated using the shape-from-silhouette (SFS) technique. We perform SFS using a small number of cameras arranged sparsely to create voxel models of objects and then generate the required number of images from these models by volume rendering. This enables us to generate CGHs using MVIs with just a small number of sparsely arranged cameras. Moreover, the proposed method arrange CGHs using MVIs at arbitrary positions.
Operational Characteristics of the Watermark Model 200 Soil Water Potential Sensor for Irrigation Management (1992)

The static and dynamic response characteristics of the Watermark model 200 soil water potential sensor were evaluated using the pressure plate method and greenhouse experiments. The sensor had a nearly linear resistance versus water potential relationship within the 0 to 200 kPa (0 to 29 psi) range. At saturation, sensor resistance was approximately 1 kW, and at 103 kPa (15 psi) resistance was approximately 23 kW, with a coefficient of variation of 11% (49 sensors). Using three to six sensors at each location and depth should yield estimates of soil water potential within 10% of the actual value with a 90% confidence level. The dynamic response was good during typical soil water drying cycles following complete rewetting, but the sensors did not respond fully to rapid drying or partial rewetting of the soil. Response was improved, without affecting the basic calibration, when a finer textured material with greater unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was used in the transmission portion of the sensor.
Drop and Spray Diagnostics (2017)

A description of collision phenomena involving drops and/or sprays requires a characterization of the drops before and after the collision as well as information about possible liquid films if impact on a solid surface is involved. The present chapter is devoted to the various techniques used to visualize and characterize drops, sprays and films. Independent of the measurement technique employed, collision phenomena are often described in terms of statistical quantities and Section 7.1 provides some fundamental definitions in common use. The remainder of the chapter, dealing with measurement techniques for drops and sprays, is divided into three sections: non-optical measurement techniques (Section 7.2), direct imaging techniques (Section 7.3) and non-imaging optical techniques (Section 7.4). The measurement of liquid films on a surface is treated separately in Section 7.5.
The auriculo-vagal afferent pathway and its role in seizure suppression in rats (2013)

There existed an anatomical relationship between the ABVN and the NTS, which strongly supports the concept that ta-VNS has the potential for suppressing epileptiform activity via the AVAP in rats. ta-VNS will provide alternative treatments for neurological disorders, which can avoid the disadvantage of VNS.
Conductance Modeling for Graphene Nanoribbon (GNR) Interconnects (2007)

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), which are single graphene sheets, share many of the fascinating electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties of carbon nanotubes. Compact physical models for conductance of GNRs as functions of chirality, width, Fermi level, and the type of electron scatterings at the edges are presented. For widths below 8 nm, the models demonstrate that single-layer GNRs can potentially outperform copper wires with unity aspect ratio
Paramagnetic Excitons in Solid Free Radicals (1962)

It is suggested that the low-temperature paramagnetism of many aromatic free-radical solids may be due to triplet excitons, and that the formation of these exciton states rather than other low-temperature magnetic states is due to low-temperature crystal lattice structures that favor a singlet pairing of electrons on neighboring molecules. As an example it is shown that the paramagnetic resonance spectra of certain TCNQ charge-transfer complexes observed by Chesnut and Phillips may be interpreted in terms of triplet excitons.
Long-term visual outcomes after Crystalens&reg; HD intraocular lens implantation (2014)

Crystalens HD implantation seems to provide an improvement in visual acuity for far, intermediate, and near distances.
Differential diagnosis between borderline personality disorder and organic personality disorder following traumatic brain injury (2006)

Organic personality disorder (OPD) is the traditional diagnostic category used to account for personality disturbances after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The recent use of Axis-II personality disorders, notably borderline personality disorder (BPD), has appeared in the TBI literature as an alternative to OPD. This would presumably offer a better description and understanding of the multiple clinical manifestations of these personality changes and disorders. This article offers a view that it is possible and fruitful to use both diagnoses in a complementary manner. An accurate recognition of the respective phenomenologies of both BPD and OPD is a key factor in achieving a differential diagnosis, including, if required, a dual diagnosis. The phenomenology of both conditions in reference to DSM-IV criteria is compared and illustrated through two clinical vignettes.
Optimal passivity enforcement of state-space models via localization methods (2014)

This work presents a novel approach for passivity enforcement of state-space macromodels, based on nonsmooth localization algorithms applied to a convex formulation of the passivity constraints. The main advantages of proposed scheme are guaranteed optimality and limited required computational resources. Compared to convex formulations based on a direct implementation of Bounded Real Lemma we are able to reduce both the memory and time requirements by orders of magnitude.
Mild Organocatalytic α-Methylenation of Aldehydes (2006)

A rapid and extremely convenient method for alpha-methylenation of aldehydes with aqueous formaldehyde is described. Two optimal catalytic systems are presented that allow short reaction times and afford the functionalized products in good to excellent yields (up to 99%) and chemoselectivity.
Odorous Sulfur Compounds Emitted during Production of Compost Used as a Substrate in Mushroom Cultivation (1990)

Large-scale composting facilities are known to cause environmental problems, mainly through pungent air emitted by composting material. In air samples taken above stacks set up to prepare compost used as a substrate in mushroom cultivation, several volatile compounds were identified by means of the coupled techniques of gas chromatography and mass spectrography. Among the compounds identified, sulfur-containing compounds [H(2)S, COS, CH(3)SH, CS(2), (CH(3))(2)S, (CH(3))(2)S(2), and (CH(3))(2)S(3)] are the most conspicuous in causing a nuisance. Quantification of these compounds was performed by concentrating a relatively small air sample on Tenax GC. The sampling method appeared to be very useful under field conditions. During the composting process, the concentration of the volatile sulfur compounds in emitted air ranged from 1 to 35 mumol/m. The highest concentrations were obtained at the end of the outdoor process. Total sulfur emission amounted to 8.3 mg of sulfur per kg (fresh weight) of compost. The end product still contained 2.58 g of sulfur per kg (fresh weight) of compost. Suggestions about the origin of the volatile sulfur compounds are made.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Complexity Meets Transport and Magnetic Anisotropy in Single Crystalline Ln30Ru4Sn31 (Ln: Gd, Dy). (2013)

Abstract Single crystals of the title compounds are grown from the elements (Ln:Ru:Sn = 12:6:11; evacuated silica tube, 1260 °C, 36 h).
6 GHz transimpedance amplifier for optical sensing system in low-cost 0.35 µm CMOS (2006)

A high-speed transimpedance amplifier (TIA) has been designed and implemented in a low cost 0.35 µm CMOS technology. Combining the techniques of regulated cascode input stage, current shunt feedback and inductive-series peaking, the TIA achieves a transimpedance gain of 51 dBΩ and 3 dB bandwidth of 6 GHz, in the presence of a photodiode capacitance of 0.6 pF. This is believed to be the fastest TIA ever reported in 0.35 µm CMOS technology.
Epitaxy and texture analysis of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O thin films on (100) MgO using Transmission Electron Microscopy (1990)

Investigators observe large critical currents for superconducting thin films deposited epitaxially on single crystal substrates. The orientation of these films is often characterized by specifying the unit cell axis that is perpendicular to the substrate. This omits specifying the orientation of the other unit cell axes and grain boundary angles between grains of the thin film. Misorientation between grains of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ decreases the critical current, even in those films that are c axis oriented. We presume that these results are similar for bismuth based superconductors and report the epitaxial orientations and textures observed in such films. Thin films of nominally Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O x were deposited on MgO using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). These films were in situ grown (during growth oxygen was incorporated and the films were not oxygen post-annealed) and shuttering was used to encourage c axis growth. Other papers report the details of the synthesis procedure. The films were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).