gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Moon orientation in adult and young sandhoppers under artificial light (2005)

Our experiments, carried out at night and during the day on adults and laboratory-born young of the sandhopper Talitrus saltator, deal with the identification and use of the moon as an orientating factor. Sandhoppers were released in an apparatus (a Plexiglas dome) that produced a scenario similar to the natural one (with artificial sky, moon or sun illuminated at different intensities). When tested at night, the adult and young sandhoppers used the artificial moon like the natural one, independently of the intensity of illumination of the artificial sky and moon. In other words, sandhoppers tested at night always identified the artificial moon as the moon and never as the sun. In daytime releases, the seaward orientation failed at low intensities of artificial sky and sun illumination (3.07 and 1.55 microW cm2, respectively), whereas the sun compass was used effectively at higher levels of artificial sun and sky illumination. The innate ability of moon compass orientation in inexpert young sandhoppers was demonstrated even under artificial light.
Comparative Study on Seismic Fragility Assessment of Self-Centering Energy-Absorbing Dual Rocking Core versus Buckling Restrained Braced Systems under Mainshock–Aftershock Sequences (2021)

A strong mainshock may cause several aftershocks within a short interval. These aftershocks can make buildings damaged during the mainshock more vulnerable to collapse. Hence, it is critical to study the seismic responses of a structure during aftershock events following a major shock. The focus of this work was to investigate the seismic fragility of an emerging high-performance seismic-resistant system—the self-centering energy-absorbing dual rocking core (SEDRC) system—considering mainshock–aftershock sequences, and to compare SEDRC with traditional systems. First, three- and six-story SEDRC systems were designed following the direct displacement-based design method to show comparable maximum interstory drifts compared with those of the three- and six-story benchmark buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBFs), respectively, under the design-basis earthquake excitations. Second, 30 as-recorded mainshock–aftershock sequences were selected. The dynamic analyses and incremental dynamic analyses (IDAs) were conducted to study the seismic responses of the four buildings with the mainshock inputs alone and the mainshock–aftershock sequence inputs. The analysis results show that the designed SEDRC systems and BRBFs can obtain comparable performance in limiting the maximum interstory drifts (MID) responses, whereas the SEDRC systems are more efficient in limiting the maximum residual interstory drifts (MRD). Moreover, the SEDRC systems perform much better than BRBFs in resisting structural collapse. As expected, the aftershocks would increase the MID, but may increase or decrease the MRD of the SEDRC systems and BRBFs. Finally, the seismic fragilities of the designed systems were further investigated on the basis of the results from the IDAs in a probabilistic framework using a joint probability density function with the consideration of both MID and MRD. The advantages of the SEDRC systems in achieving excellent seismic collapse-resistant and self-centering capacity were explored through probabilistic analyses.
Actance et diathèse en tunumiisut, dialecte inuit (1993)

International audience
Aerial Images Processing for Car Detection using Convolutional Neural Networks: Comparison between Faster R-CNN and YoloV3 (2019)

In this paper, we address the problem of car detection from aerial images using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). This problem presents additional challenges as compared to car (or any object) detection from ground images because features of vehicles from aerial images are more difficult to discern. To investigate this issue, we assess the performance of two state-of-the-art CNN algorithms, namely Faster R-CNN, which is the most popular region-based algorithm, and YOLOv3, which is known to be the fastest detection algorithm. We analyze two datasets with different characteristics to check the impact of various factors, such as UAV&amp;rsquo;s altitude, camera resolution, and object size. The objective of this work is to conduct a robust comparison between these two cutting-edge algorithms. By using a variety of metrics, we show that none of the two algorithms outperforms the other in all cases.
A general finite vortex model to describe unsteady aerodynamics in nature (2002)

Nature bases flight and locomotion on unsteady periodic motions of wings/fins. Up to now we cannot explain high lift /thrust forces generated by animals efficiently. Human flight, however, relies on high velocity flows around a stationary airfoil, Steady lift calculation is based on the KUTTA condition at the trailing edge (T.E,), and classical aerodynamics fails to describe large amplitude and frequency unsteady flow with zero free-stream velocity. The “Finite Vortex Model’’(FVM) is pesented and applied in its extended version. Based on the “Edge flow mechanism” and a finite vortex size proposed in 1963, the FVM fills a gap, The model replaces KUTTA by a more general finite edge condition from experiments; discrete, stable vortices are allowed to roll-up and periodically interact with the airfoil (AF). Physical details are described with formation, attachment, generation of a bound “countervortex”, fluid-structureinteraction and finally release of the finite vortex (FV) into an unsteady wake. In addition FVM-extensions including circulatory effects and the dynamic equations of motion are outlined, Finally application is demonstrated for a purely pitching flap in air ( 20 Hz and 30 degrees amplitude ) with numerical results on thrust, circulation and power requirements, which well agree with measured momentum in a corresponding test. Key parameters are generalized from experiments (vortex radius, velocity ratio etc.), Conclusions are concerning model capabilities, future work and applications in turbomachinery, propulsion and fluid dynamics in biology.
Controlled Formation of the Two-Dimensional TTBC J-Aggregates in an Aqueous Solution (2006)

Strong experimental and theoretical evidence was provided on the controlled formation of the two-dimensional J-aggregates that were assembled in the herringbone morphology. The exciton-band structure formation of 1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-5,5',6,6'-tetrachlorobenzimidazolocarbocyanine (TTBC) J-aggregates was investigated in ionic (NaOH) aqueous solution at room temperature. The control was achieved by changing the [TTBC] at a given [NaOH], or vice versa, and was monitored through the changes in the absorption, fluorescence excitation, and emission spectra. Specific attention was paid to expose the excited-state structure and dynamics through simulations of the excitonic properties, which included diagonal energetic disorder and phonon-assisted exciton relaxation. Aggregates were characterized by an asymmetrically split Davydov pair, an H-band (approximately 500 nm, 1300 cm(-1) wide, Lorentzian-like) and a J-band (approximately 590 nm, 235 cm(-1) wide, with a band shape typical of a one-dimensional J-aggregate), whose relative intensities showed a strong dependence on the [TTBC]/[NaOH]. The H-band is favored by high [TTBC] or high [NaOH]. An explanation of the control on the aggregate formation was given by correlating the changes in the absorption with the structural modifications and the subsequent changes in the dynamics, which were induced by variations in the dye and NaOH concentrations. The J-band shape/width was attributed to disorder and disorder-induced intraband phonon-assisted exciton relaxation. The intraband processes in both bands were estimated to occur in the same time scale (about a picosecond). It has been suggested that the wide energetic gap between the Davydov split bands (3000 cm(-1)) could get bridged by the excitonic states of the loosely coupled chains, in addition to the monomeric species at low [TTBC]. Phonon-assisted interband relaxation, through the band gap states and/or directly from the H- to the J-band, are suggested for accounting the difference between the bandwidths and shapes of the two bands. Energy transfer between the H-band and the monomeric species is suggested as crucial for tuning the relative strengths of the two bands.
Quorum Sensing in Staphylococci (2008)

The staphylococcal agr locus encodes a quorum sensing (QS) system that controls the expression of virulence and other accessory genes by a classical two-component signaling module. Like QS modalities in other Gram-positive bacteria, agr encodes an autoactivating peptide (AIP) that is the inducing ligand for AgrC, the agr signal receptor. Unlike other such systems, agr variants have arisen that show strong cross-inhibition in heterologous combinations, with important evolutionary implications. Also unlike other systems, the effector of global gene regulation in the agr system is a major regulatory RNA, RNAIII. In this review, we describe the functions of the agr system's elements, show how they interact to bring about the regulatory response, and discuss the role of QS in staphylococcal pathobiology. We conclude with the suggestion that agr autoactivation, unlike classical enzyme induction, can occur under suboptimal conditions and can distinguish self from non-self by inducing an exclusive and coordinated population wide response.
Resistance of Automotive Exhaust Flexible Coupling Alloys to Hot Salt Attack, Stress Corrosion Cracking and High Temperature Embrittlement (1999)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Automotive exhaust system flexible couplings must resist fatigue and a variety of corrosion mechanisms resulting from exposure to road salts. Increasing operating temperatures and extended warranties are creating ever higher demands on flexible coupling materials. In addition to corrosion and fatigue resistance, materials must have good metallurgical stability. This translates to retention of initial mechanical properties after extended operation at high temperature.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Comparative time-temperature hot salt attack profiles were determined for several austenitic stainless steels and nickel base alloys over the temperature range of 430-870°C (800-1600°F) for times of 0 to 1,333 hours. Temperature and alloy composition regimes where stress corrosion cracking (SCC) can occur are also outlined. In addition, the effect on mechanical properties of 300 to 2,000 hour exposures at the above temperatures is determined. Results of these tests are related to alloy composition and calculated equilibrium phase constitutions.&lt;/div&gt;
Role of Prostaglandins in the Cardiovascular Effects of Bradykinin and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (1992)

The cardiovascular effects of bradykinin require additional vasoactive mediators for a fully balanced response. This includes arachidonic acid (eicosatetraenoic acid) and its metabolites, the eicosanoids (prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes, and others). Eicosanoid generation by bradykinin is started by binding of the peptide to specific B2 receptors at the plasma membrane. This initiates G-protein coupled stimulation of phospholipase C, IP3-induced increases in cytosolic Ca2+, and stimulation of protein kinase C. Arachidonic acid is liberated from membrane phospholipids primarily via Ca2+-induced stimulation of phospholipase A2 and converted into tissue-specific eicosanoids by enzymes in the vicinity. In vascular tissue, most of the available arachidonic acid is converted into vasodilator prostaglandins, i.e., prostacyclin (PGI2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). These prostaglandins are involved in vasodilator actions of the kinins. There is also some evidence for generation of vasoconstrictor eicosanoids, such as thromboxane A2, under certain conditions. The biological significance of kinin-related prostaglandin formation becomes apparent after inhibition of kinin breakdown by ACE inhibitors. These compounds prevent generation of vasoconstrictor angiotensin II and stimulate endothelial eicosanoid formation via local kinin accumulation. There is evidence suggesting that kinin-induced prostaglandin generation contributes to anti-ischemic, inotropic, and blood pressure-lowering effects of the compounds. This also includes inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) accumulation in injured myocardial tissue, which is antagonized by PGI2-related pathways, stimulated by ACE inhibition and/or bradykinin.
A novel all-elastomer MEMS tactile sensor for high dynamic range shear and normal force sensing (2015)

A novel all-elastomer MEMS tactile sensor with high dynamic force range is presented in this work. Conductive elastomeric capacitors formed from electrodes of varying heights enable robust sensing in both shear and normal directions without the need for multi-layered assembly. Sensor geometry has been tailored to maximize shear force sensitivity using multi-physics finite element simulations. A simple molding microfabrication process is presented to rapidly create the sensing skins with electrode gaps of 20 m and sensor spacing of 3 mm. Shear force resolution was found to be as small as 50 mN and tested up to a range of 2 N (dynamic range of ). Normal force resolution was found to be 190 mN with a tested range of 8 N (dynamic range of ). Single load and multiload tests were conducted and the sensor exhibited intended behavior with low deviations between trials. Spatial tests were conducted on a sensor array and a spatial resolution of 1.5 mm was found.
An Ungrounded Electronic Field Meter (1972)

An induced charge type of instrument for measuring the horizontal electric field in an enclosed, charged fog or mist is described. The instrument is electrically isolated and insensitive to its own net charge, permitting unambiguous measurement of the ambient field anywhere within the charged volume.
Development and application of transseptal left heart catheterization (1988)

The recent interest in transseptal left heart catheterization affords an opportunity to review the development and application of this procedure. This review briefly follows the history of right and left heart catheterization to the development of the transseptal procedure. A detailed description of the technique of transseptal catheterization is provided, as well as the indications and contraindications to its use. A learning curve is associated with this technique and is inversely related to the complication rate of the transseptal approach. Physicians working in high volume catheterization laboratories may gain the experience to safely perform transseptal left heart catheterization on carefully selected patients.
Ia Antigens in Mouse Skin Are Predominantly Expressed on Langerhans Cells (1979)

We have investigated the expression of products of the mouse major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on BALB/c and A/J epidermal cells. By using reagents with specificity for various products of the MHC in an indirect immunofluorescence procedure, we found that H-2 antigens are expressed on the vast majority of epidermal cells. Ia antigens, by contrast, are present on only 2.4 to 6.9% of all epidermal cells. These Ia-bearing cells bear a receptor for the Fc portion of IgG and ultrastructurally exhibit the characteristics of Langerhans cells. Ia antigens on Langerhans cells are encoded for by at least the I-A and I-E/C subregions of the MHC.
A Simple Absolute Estimate of Peak Eddy Currents Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Using the GR Model (2013)

Although rigorous numerical modeling is a major and very reliable tool of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) analyses, it requires significant computational resources and time to complete. Therefore, in certain cases, a quick analytical estimate for the peak TMS currents induced by the procedure would be very useful. For instance, maximum exposure due to currents induced in an operator's body, or eddy currents present in ancillary areas of the patient (e.g., the fetus of a pregnant woman) may be of interest. In such cases, a general simplified analytical solution that provides at least an upper absolute estimate of spatial eddy current distribution may be of value. In the present study, we suggest using an early model of Grandori and Ravazzani (GR model) related to an unbounded homogeneous space for that purpose. We formulate the model, implement it in software, and validate the model by comparison with a known numerical FEM solution. Finally, we apply the model in order to establish an upper absolute estimate for TMS eddy currents excited in a human body at various conditions.
79 GHz Fully Integrated Fully Differential Si/SiGe HBT Amplifier for Automotive Radar Applications (2006)

In this work, the authors present a fully integrated, fully differential amplifier operating at 79 GHz using a highspeed Si/SiGe hetero-bipolar technology. This amplifier needs a single supply voltage and shows high performance such as high gain, excellent reverse isolation and low power consumption (90 mW at 3 V supply voltage). This result was achieved by using multi-stage cascode topology and a thin-film microstrip line based design. In addition, the frequency of operation can be easily adjusted within a wide range by changing the length of the matching network (by using focused ion beam or ultrasonic manipulator). A simple but efficient layout technique was used to easily measure single-endedly the differential integrated circuit, also at these high frequencies.
Beneficial Effects of Resistance Exercise on Glycemic Control are not Further Improved by Protein Ingestion (2011)

PURPOSE: The primary purpose of the present study was to determine glucose kinetics and insulin sensitivity, 24 h after a single bout of resistance exercise (RE). Second, we investigated whether protein ingestion at 24 h post-RE would augment RE-induced changes in glucose kinetics. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy, untrained males were assigned to a control (CON; n = 8), exercise-only (EX; n = 8) or exercise plus protein condition (EX+PRO; n = 8). EX and EX+PRO completed 8 × 10 repetitions of leg press and leg extension exercise at 75% 1RM. Muscle biopsy and blood samples were obtained for all groups at rest, and immediately post-RE for EX and EX+PRO. At 24 h post-RE (or post-resting biopsy for CON), a third muscle biopsy was obtained. Participants then underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) containing 2g of [U-13C] glucose. Thereafter, blood samples were obtained every 10 min for 2 h. Glucose kinetics were assessed with an infusion of 6, 6-[2H2] glucose during the OGTT. EX+PRO ingested an additional 25g of intact whey protein with the OGTT. A final biopsy sample was obtained at the end of the OGTT. RESULTS: Basal, fasting plasma glucose and insulin were similar for all groups and were not different immediately post- and 24 h post-RE. Immediately post-exercise, muscle glycogen was 26 ± 8 and 19 ± 6% lower in EX and EX+PRO, respectively. During OGTT, plasma glucose AUC was lower for EX and EX+PRO (75.1 ± 2.7 and 75.3 ± 2.8 mU·mL-1: 120 min, respectively) compared to CON (90.6 ± 4.1 mU·mL-1: 120 min; P < 0.05). Plasma insulin response was 13 ± 2 and 21 ± 4% lower for EX and CON, respectively, compared to EX+PRO (P < 0.05). Post-prandial insulin sensitivity estimated using the Matsuda ISI was 9 ± 1% greater for EX+PRO and 12 ± 2% greater for EX compared to CON (P < 0.05). Glucose disappearance from the circulation was 11 ± 3% greater in EX and 12 ± 2% greater in EX+PRO compared to CON (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Prior RE improves glycemic control and insulin sensitivity through an increase in the rate at which glucose is disposed from the circulation. However, co-ingesting protein during a high-glucose load does not augment this response at 24 h post-exercise.
The performance of time reversal beam-forming by linear array (2012)

The target orientation performance of time reversal by uniformed linear array is discussed over the ocean acoustic multi-path channel. Based on time reversal process, the signal detection system model is derived, and together with the self-adaptively beam-forming the algorithm is proposed. Comparing to the conventional array signal processing method, simulation result shows that time reversal could self-adaptively revise signal transmission delay due to multi-path channel, compensating the same phase correspond to each path wave-front, which reflects through target to each element of array, and strengthening receive signal absolute energy value which raises two orders of magnitude. Under conditions of the same max-SNR criterion whose level is −14.3dB, with the time reversal process combined with self-adaptively beam-forming method the ratio between main lobe and side lobe is improved by 2dB compared to conventional beam-forming. In a conclusion, the uniformed liner array under time reversal process improves the performance of target orientation compared to conventional beam-forming, especially under low signal to noise level
Bilayer growth period oscillation of the Sb2 reactivity during molecular beam epitaxy of AlSb (001) (1997)

We report oscillations in Sb2 reactivity with the growth surface during layer-by-layer deposition of AlSb (001) by molecular beam epitaxy. Real-time measurements of the Sb desorption rate using line-of-sight mass spectrometry, in parallel with reflection high-energy electron diffraction specular beam intensity measurements, suggest that this behavior results from the periodic variation of the surface step density as these steps act as preferential adsorption sites for antimony. This is further supported by computer simulations that examine the surface step density as a function of bilayer coverage.
Molecular Analysis of Collagen Binding by the Human Discoidin Domain Receptors, DDR1 and DDR2 (2003)

The widely expressed mammalian discoidin domain receptors (DDRs), DDR1 and DDR2, are unique among receptor tyrosine kinases in that they are activated by the extracellular matrix protein collagen. Various collagen types bind to and activate the DDRs, but the molecular details of collagen recognition have not been well defined. In this study, recombinant extracellular domains of DDR1 and DDR2 were produced to explore DDR-collagen binding in detail. In solid phase assays, both DDRs bound collagen I with high affinity. DDR1 recognized collagen I only as a dimeric and not as a monomeric construct, indicating a requirement for receptor dimerization in the DDR1-collagen interaction. The DDRs contain a discoidin homology domain in their extracellular domains, and the isolated discoidin domain of DDR2 bound collagen I with high affinity. Furthermore, the discoidin domain of DDR2, but not of DDR1, was sufficient for transmembrane receptor signaling. To map the collagen binding site within the discoidin domain of DDR2, mutant constructs were created, in which potential surface-exposed loops in DDR2 were exchanged for the corresponding loops of functionally unrelated discoidin domains. Three spatially adjacent surface loops within the DDR2 discoidin domain were found to be critically involved in collagen binding of the isolated DDR2 extracellular domain. In addition, the same loops were required for collagen-dependent receptor activation. It is concluded that the loop region opposite to the polypeptide chain termini of the DDR2 discoidin domain constitutes the collagen recognition site.
Big Data Analytics in Bioinformatics and Healthcare (2015)

"This book merges the fields of biology, technology, and medicine in order to present a comprehensive study on the emerging information processing applications necessary in the field of electronic medical record management"--Provided by publisher
Effects of Kinetic Inductance on the Performance of a Flux-Flow-Type Josephson Amplifier (1987)

The effects of the kinetic inductance of superconducting thin electrodes on the basic parameters of a flux-flow-type Josephson amplifier (FFA) are studied theoretically. It is shown that performance of the FFA can be improved considerably if the kinetic inductance is utilized. A preliminary experiment confirms the theoretical result.