gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular risk assessment and treatment to target low density lipoprotein levels in hospitalized ischemic heart disease patients: results of the HOLEM study. (2005)

Physician recommendations to IHD patients discharged from hospital were suboptimal. We documented a high proportion of under-treated and under-dosaged patients. Brief educational sessions have a beneficial effect on the usage of statins; however, additional effort in guideline implementations is needed.
The capacity of wireless ad hoc networks with multi-packet reception (2010)

We compute the throughput capacity of random dense wireless ad hoc networks for multi-pair unicast traffic in which nodes are endowed with multi-packet reception (MPR) capabilities. We show that ¿ ((R(n)) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(1-2)/¿</sup> /n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/¿</sup> ) and ¿ (R(n)) bits per second constitute tight bounds for the throughput capacity under the physical and protocol model assumptions, respectively, where n is the total number of nodes in the network, ¿ > 2 is the path-loss parameter in the physical model, and R(n) is the MPR communication range. In so doing, we close the gap between the lower and upper bounds of throughput capacity in the physical model. Compared to the capacity of point-to-point communication reported by Gupta and Kumar, MPR increases the order capacity of random wireless ad hoc networks under both protocol and physical models by at least ¿(log n) and ¿ ((log n) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">¿-2/2¿</sup> ), respectively. We address the cost incurred in increasing the throughput capacity of wireless ad hoc networks over what can be attained when sources and destinations communicate over multi-hop paths under the physical model assumption. We define the power efficiency ¿(n) as the bits of information transferred per unit time (second) in the network for each unit power, and compute such power efficiency for different techniques. We show that a lower power efficiency is attained in order to achieve higher throughput capacity.
MAXIMAL OXYGEN UPTAKE IS INVERSELY RELATED TO PLATELET AGGREGABILTY (1989)

Rauramaa, Rainer; Venaäläinen, Juha M.; Seppänen, Kari; Salonen, Riitta; Salonen, Jukka T. Author Information
Patterns and stability of cardiovascular responses to variations of the cold pressor test (1993)

Test-retest reliabilities and patterns of heart rate and blood pressure responses were examined using variations in the cold pressor test in 113 normotensive white college men. Comparisons were made of stimulus site (forehead vs. foot) and bodily posture (seated vs. supine) across four separate groups of men. The stability of cardiovascular responses was examined over a 2-week-test-retest interval. Different cardiovascular response patterns emerged as a function of stimulation site and posture. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure increases were accompanied by bradycardia in the forehead cold pressor task but by tachycardia in the foot cold pressor task. Systolic blood pressure increases were larger for foot than for forehead stimulation. Heart rate increases were larger for supine than for seated men. Effects on response were independent of postural differences at baseline, and there were no stimulation site by posture interactions. The cardiovascular responses to stimulation did not attenuate across sessions in any experimental condition but were more reliable for foot than for forehead stimulation and for supine than for seated posture. Short-term stability for changes to the task approached that for baseline and task and was higher than has been reported elsewhere.
Modal interaction in ultrasonic systems (2002)

High power ultrasonic systems are used in industrial applications such as welding and cutting. Common reliability problems, such as noise and component failures, often stem from participation of untuned modes in the driving mode due to nonlinear behaviour. A preliminary theoretical investigation to reduce the system nonlinearities is presented for the case of two Duffing oscillators. Experimental application of the theory to an ultrasonic cutting system demonstrates the validity of manipulating the nonlinear characteristics via ‘Nonlinear Cancellation Coupling’. Further, modal interactions in the form of combination resonances are characterised experimentally.
Inhibition-excitation balance in the parietal cortex modulates volitional control for auditory and visual multistability (2018)

Perceptual organisation must select one interpretation from several alternatives to guide behaviour. Computational models suggest that this could be achieved through an interplay between inhibition and excitation across competing types of neural population coding for each interpretation. Here, to test for such models, we used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure non-invasively the concentrations of inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and excitatory glutamate-glutamine (Glx) in several brain regions. Human participants first performed auditory and visual multistability tasks that produced spontaneous switching between percepts. Then, we observed that longer percept durations during behaviour were associated with higher GABA/Glx ratios in the sensory area coding for each modality. When participants were asked to voluntarily modulate their perception, a common factor across modalities emerged: the GABA/Glx ratio in the posterior parietal cortex tended to be positively correlated with the amount of effective volitional control. Our results provide direct evidence implicating that the balance between neural inhibition and excitation within sensory regions resolves perceptual competition. This powerful computational principle appears to be leveraged by both audition and vision, implemented independently across modalities, but modulated by an integrated control process.
Cyberspace Game Show Hosts : Agents for Socialization, Not Just Entertainment (1996)

The adsorption of cationic basic blue 9 and anionic acid orange 51 from aqueous solution onto the calcified eggshell (ES) and its ground eggshell powder (ESP) was carried out by varying the process parameters such as agitation speed, initial dye concentration, adsorbent mass and temperature. The adsorption potential for basic blue 9 onto ESP is far lower than that for acid orange 51, mainly due to the ionic interaction between the acid dye with the sulfonate groups and the positively charged sites on the surface of ESP. The adsorption capacity of acid orange 51 onto ES is significantly smaller than that onto ESP, which is in line with their pore properties (i.e., 1 vs. 21 m(2)/g). The experimental results showed that the adsorption process can be well described with a simple model, the pseudo-second-order model. According to the equilibrium adsorption capacity from the fitting of pseudo-second order reaction model, it was further found that the Freundlich model yields a somewhat better fit than the Langmuir model in the adsorption of acid orange 51 onto ESP. In addition, an increase in adsorption temperature from 15 to 45 degrees C significantly enhances the adsorption capacity of acid orange 51 onto ESP, revealing that the adsorption should be an endothermic or chemisorption process. From the results, it is feasible to utilize the ground eggshell waste as an effective adsorbent for removal of anionic dye from aqueous solution.
Amplitude Induced Nonlinearity in Piston Mode Resonant Flow: A Fully Viscous Numerical Analysis (2017)

Near field flow characteristics around catamarans close to resonant conditions involve violent viscous flow such as energetic vortex shedding and steep wave making. This paper presents a systematic and comprehensive numerical investigation of these phenomena at various oscillating frequencies and separation distances of twin sections. The numerical model is based on the solution of Navier–Stokes equations assuming laminar-flow conditions with a volume of fluid (VOF) approach which has proven to be particularly effective in predicting strongly nonlinear radiated waves which directly affect the magnitude of the hydrodynamic forces around resonant frequencies. Considered nonlinear effects include wave breaking, vortex shedding and wave-body wave-wave interactions. The method is first validated using available experiments on twin circular sections: the agreement in a very wide frequency range is improved over traditional linear potential flow based solutions. Particular attention is given to the prediction of added mass and damping coefficients at resonant conditions where linear potential flow methods fail, if empirical viscous corrections are not included. The results of the systematic investigation show for the first time how the so-called piston-mode motion characteristics are nonlinearly dependent on the gap width and motion amplitude. At low oscillation amplitudes, flow velocity reduces and so does the energy lost for viscous effects. On the other hand for higher oscillation amplitude, the internal free surface breaks dissipating energy hence reducing the piston mode amplitude. These effects cannot be numerically demonstrated without a computational technique able to capture free surface nonlinearity and viscous effects.
Interventional Management of Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Patient Selection and Technique Optimization (2015)

For many years, coronary artery bypass graft surgery has been the gold standard for revascularization of patients with left main disease; however, increasing evidence suggests that percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents may be an acceptable alternative or even preferred in select cases. This review will present clinical evidence examining the outcomes of drug-eluting stents compared to coronary artery bypass graft surgery for unprotected left main coronary artery disease and discuss the anatomic factors, patient variables, and clinical strategies that may dictate choice of revascularization modality for patients with left main disease. If percutaneous coronary intervention is selected to treat unprotected left main disease, meticulous technique is essential to optimize outcomes, including use of procedural physiology and imaging guidance, optimal stent and adjunct pharmacology use, and expert management of the distal bifurcation. Finally, issues of equipoise and uncertainty are identified, representing areas for future investigation.
ADENOSINE IN A HUMAN MODEL OF HYPOXIC FOAM CELLS (2009)

Foam cells formation by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) accumulation in macrophages is crucial for development of atherosclerosis. Macrophage foam cell formation is an important process in atherosclerotic plaque development.1 Atherosclerosis is initiated by dysfunction of endothelial cells at lesion-prone sites in the walls of arteries, which results in monocyte infiltration into the arterial intima. These cells differentiated into macrophages, which then internalize large amounts of oxidized low-density lipoprotein forming cholesterol-laden macrophages called “foam cells”, which in turn give rise to fatty streaks in the arterial wall. As the atherosclerotic lesion develops, the arterial wall tickness increases and oxygen diffusion into the intima is markedly reduced.2 These hypoxic regions contain large number of foam cells revealing that these cells experience hypoxia during the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Hypoxia has been demonstrated in atherosclerosis and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) has been shown to promote intraplaque angiogenesis and foam cells development. Adenosine is a proangiogenic purine nucleoside released from ischemic and hypoxic tissues. In this study we found that Adenosine, under hypoxia, stimulates HIF-1α accumulation by activating adenosine receptors. This study provides the first evidence that adenosine antagonists may be useful to block important steps in the atherosclerotic plaque development ado-induced.&#13;\n&#13;\n(1)\tLusis, AJ. Atherosclerosis. Nature. 2000, 407, 233-241.&#13;\n(2)\tBjörnheden, T.; Levin, M.; Evaldsson, M.; Wiklund, O. Evidence of hypoxic areas within the arterial wall in vivo. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1999, 19, 870-876.
The association between biventricular pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator efficacy when compared with implantable cardioverter defibrillator on outcomes and reverse remodelling (2014)

In patients with LBBB, who were in sinus rhythm at enrolment, BIV pacing exceeding 90% was associated with a benefit of CRT-D in HF/death when compared with ICD patients. Furthermore, BIV pacing ≥97% was associated with an even further reduction in HF/death, a significant 52% reduction in death alone, and increased reverse remodelling. Clinical trials.gov identifier: NCT00180271.
Oxidative Coupling of Methyl Phenyl Sulfide via Sulfonium Formation Using an Oxovanadium Complex (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTOxidative Coupling of Methyl Phenyl Sulfide via Sulfonium Formation Using an Oxovanadium ComplexKimihisa Yamamoto, Shintaro Kobayashi, Eiichi Shouji, and Eishun TsuchidaView Author Information Department of Polymer Chemistry, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 6, 1912–1913Publication Date (Web):March 22, 1996Publication History Received14 August 1995Published online22 March 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo951490uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo951490urapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views472Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Oxidation,Oxidative coupling,Oxygen,Sulfides Get e-Alerts
Establishment of sperm cryopreservation and in vitro fertilisation protocols for rats (2020)

Recently, genome-editing tools have come into common use in the field of rat research, and consequently, many genetically modified rat strains have been preserved and archived as frozen embryos. Although there have been many reports published on the topic of rat sperm cryopreservation, no report has yet provided satisfactory and acceptable protocols for the cryopreservation of rat sperm. In this study, we developed methods for both the cryopreservation of transgenic rat sperm and in vitro fertilisation using frozen sperm, which yielded high fertilisation rates.
Adaptive distributed firewall using intrusion detection (2004)

Conventional firewalls rely on a strict outside/inside topology where the gateway(s) enforce some sort of traffic filtering. Some claims that with the evolving connectivity of the Internet, the traditional firewall has been obsolete. High speed links, dynamic topology, end-to-end encryption, threat from internal users are all issues that must be addressed. Steven M. Bellovin was the first to propose a ``distributed firewall'' that addresses these shortcomings. \n\nIn this master thesis, the design and implementation of a ``distributed firewall'' with an intrusion detection mechanism is presented using Python and a scriptable firewall (IPTables, IPFW, netsh).
Colorectal cancer mass-screening: Estimation of faecal occult blood test sensitivity, taking into account cancer mean sojourn time (1997)

Mass screening using the faecal occult blood test (FOBT) can reduce mortality from colorectal cancer. Reliable estimation of FOBT sensitivity is crucial in assessing the potential effectiveness of a mass-screening procedure. Available estimates could be inaccurate because they neglect the temporal aspect of screening. The aim of our study was to estimate the sensitivity of the FOBT in mass screening for colorectal cancer, taking into account the duration of the pre-clinical phase of the disease assessed by the mean sojourn time (MST), and to assess whether MST and FOBT sensitivity differ according to cancer subsite. We analysed data taken from the first round of the mass-screening programme of the department of Calvados (France), involving 164,364 subjects of whom 43.4% participated in FOB screening. MST and sensitivity were estimated using a simple empirical approach, a traditional maximum likelihood method and log-linear modelling using the Bayesian technique of Gibbs sampling. MST was estimated as between 4.5 and 5 years for all subsites combined. According to the Gibbs sampling method, MSTs were 3.5, 6.4 and 2.6 years for proximal colon, distal colon and rectal cancer, respectively. Our estimation methods give a low sensitivity for the FOBT (50%), results for different subsites being closer to each other, slightly higher for proximal cancer. Our results strongly suggest that tumour growth rates are very different according to subsite, slowest for distal cancer and speediest for rectal cancer. Consideration of FOBT sensitivity without MST appears unreliable. Our results by subsite suggest that combining FOBT and sigmoidoscopy could be a good strategy for colorectal cancer screening.
Intrinsic laryngeal muscles are spared from degeneration in the dy3k/dy3k mouse model of congenital muscular dystrophy type 1A (2008)

Deficiency of laminin alpha2 chain leads to a severe form of congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1A). Here, we analyzed whether the intrinsic laryngeal muscles (ILM) are spared in the dy(3K)/dy(3K) mouse model of complete laminin alpha2 chain absence. No muscle degeneration was evident; expression of various laminin chains was similar to that of limb muscles, and sustained integrin alpha7B expression was noted in laminin alpha2 chain-deficient ILM. We conclude that ILM are spared in MDC1A.
Antibacterial Effect of Synthetic Peptide LyeTxI and LyeTxI/β‐Cyclodextrin Association Compound Against Planktonic and Multispecies Biofilms of Periodontal Pathogens (2016)

LyeTxI and LyeTxI/βCD are active against periodontopathic bacteria, showing rapid bactericidal effect and may be used to prevent biofilm development. In the future, AMPs could be therapeutic tools for treatment of periodontitis.
Evaluation of Serum Cotinine Cut-Off to Distinguish Smokers From Nonsmokers in the Korean Population (2016)

This is the first study to investigate the use of LC-MS/MS for the measurement of serum cotinine and to determine the optimal serum cotinine cut-off level for the IMMULITE immunoassay. Our results could provide guidelines for differentiating current smokers from nonsmokers in the Korean population.
H2 Norm of Fractional Differential Systems (2003)

The H2 norm, or the impulse response energy, of fractional differential explicit systems is computed, and complements Astro¨m’s algebraic formula for classical rational systems.
RNA Interference Targeted to the Conserved Dimerization Initiation Site (DIS) of HIV-1 Restricts Virus Escape Mutation (2009)

Short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) targeting viral or cellular genes can effectively inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. This inhibition, however, may induce mutations in the targeted gene, leading to rapid escape from the shRNA-induced inhibition. We generated a lymphoid cell line that stably expressed a 19-bp shRNA targeting a well-conserved dimerization initiation site (DIS) of HIV-1, which strongly inhibited viral replication, thereby delaying virus escape. Furthermore, treatment of HIV-1 infection with DIS- and vif-shRNA combination therapy resulted in superior anti-viral responses compared to vif-shRNA monotherapy. Continuous challenge with HIV-1, however, generated virus mutants that could overcome the RNA interference restriction. Such anti-genes may be promising tools for HIV-1 gene therapy for HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Sensing with nanopores – the influence of asymmetric blocking on electrochemical redox cycling current (2014)

Nanoporous redox cycling devices are highly efficient tools for the electrochemical sensing of redox-active molecules. By using a redox-active mediator, this concept can be exploited for the detection of molecular binding events via blocking of the redox cycling current within the nanopores. Here, we investigate the influence of different blocking scenarios inside a nanopore on the resulting redox cycling current. Our analysis is based on random walk simulations and finite element calculations. We distinguish between symmetric and asymmetric pore blocking and show that the current decrease is more pronounced in the case of asymmetric blocking reflecting the diffusion-driven pathway of the redox-active molecules. Using random walk simulations, we further study the impact of pore blocking in the frequency domain and identify relevant features of the power spectral density, which are of particular interest for sensing applications based on fluctuation analysis.
Skin Rash Following Administration of Apalutamide in Japanese Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer: An Integrated Analysis of the Phase 3 SPARTAN and TITAN Studies and a Phase 1 Open-Label Study (2020)

Abstract Background: A higher incidence of apalutamide-related skin rash has been observed in Japanese patients with prostate cancer (PC). Methods: This integrated analysis of data of Japanese patients from 2 global Phase 3 studies, SPARTAN (NCT01946204; patients with non‑metastatic castration-resistant PC [nmCRPC]) and TITAN (NCT02489318; patients with metastatic castration-sensitive PC [mCSPC]), and the Phase 1 study 56021927PCR1008 (NCT02162836; patients with metastatic CRPC [mCRPC]), assessed clinical risk factors of apalutamide-related skin rash as well as the potential correlation with plasma exposure to apalutamide. Kaplan-Meier method was used for time-to-event analyses. Clinical risk factors for skin rash were assessed using odds ratio. Results: Data from 68 patients (SPARTAN: n=34, TITAN: n=28, 56021927PCR1008: n=6) receiving apalutamide 240 mg orally once-daily were analyzed. Rash (13 [19.1%]) and maculo-papular rash (11 [16.2%]) were the most frequently reported skin rash. All Grade and Grade 3 skin rash occurred in 35 (51.5%) and 10 (14.7%) patients, respectively. Most (85.7%) skin rash occurred within 4 months of apalutamide initiation and resolved in a median time of 1 month following the use of antihistamines, topical or systemic corticosteroids, with/without apalutamide dose interruptions/reductions. Median time-to-remission of first incidence of rash and maximum grade incidence of rash were 1.0 month (IQR: 0.36-1.81) and 1.0 month (IQR: 0.30-2.43), respectively. No significant clinical risk factors for the incidence of skin rash were observed. Areas under the curve (0-24 hours) (AUC 0-24, ss ) at steady‑state of plasma apalutamide concentration were numerically slightly higher in patients with skin rash than those without. Conclusions: No clinical risk factors for rash could be detected. There is a potential correlation between incidence of skin rash and plasma exposure to apalutamide. In general, apalutamide‑related skin rash is easily managed, with appropriate treatment with or without dose adjustment. Trial Registration: Retrospective pooled analysis of NCT01946204, NCT02489318, and NCT02162836