gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Boron impurity at the Si/SiO2interface in SOI wafers and consequences for piezoresistive MEMS devices (2008)

In this work, the electrical performance of piezoresistive devices fabricated on thinned SOI wafers has been investigated. Specifically, SOI wafers manufactured with the standard bond-and-etch back method (BESOI), commonly used for MEMS fabrication, have been studied. Results from electrical measurements and SIMS characterization show the presence of a boron impurity close to the buried oxide, even on unprocessed wafers. If the boron impurity overlaps with the piezoresistors on the device, it can create non-defined pn-junctions and thus allow conduction through the substrate, leading to stray connections and excessive noise. The thickness of the boron impurity can extend up to several μm, thus setting a thickness limit for the thinnest parts of a MEMS device. This work shows how this impurity can fundamentally affect the functionality of piezoresistive devices. Design rules of how to avoid this are presented
Expression of human BRCA1 variants in mouse ES cells allows functional analysis of BRCA1 mutations (2009)

To date, inheritance of a mutant BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene is the best-established indicator of an increased risk of developing breast cancer. Sequence analysis of these genes is being used to identify BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, though these efforts are hampered by the high frequency of variants of unknown clinical significance (VUSs). Functional evaluation of such variants has been restricted due to lack of a physiologically relevant assay. In this study we developed a functional assay using mouse ES cells to study variants of BRCA1. We introduced BAC clones with human wild-type BRCA1 or variants into Brca1-null ES cells and confirmed that only wild-type and a known neutral variant rescued cell lethality. The same neutral variant was also able to rescue embryogenesis in Brca1-null mice. A test of several BRCT domain mutants revealed all to be deleterious, including a VUS. Furthermore, we used this assay to determine the effects of BRCA1 variants on cell cycle regulation, differentiation, and genomic stability. Importantly, we discovered that ES cells rescued by S1497A BRCA1 exhibited significant hypersensitivity after gamma-irradiation. Our results demonstrate that this ES cell-based assay is a powerful and reliable method for analyzing the functional impact of BRCA1 variants, which we believe could be used to determine which patients may require preventative treatments.
Pituitary Macroadenoma in a 5-Year-Old: An Early Expression of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 11 (2000)

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) is associated with parathyroid, enteropancreatic, pituitary, and other tumors. The MEN1 gene, a tumor suppressor, is located on chromosome 11. Affected individuals inherit a mutated MEN1 allele, and tumorigenesis in specific tissues follows inactivation of the remaining MEN1 allele. MEN 1-associated endocrine tumors usually become clinically evident in late adolescence or young adulthood, as high levels of PTH, gastrin, or PRL. Because each of these tumors can usually be controlled with medications and/or surgery, MEN 1 has been regarded mainly as a treatable endocrinopathy of adults. Unlike in MEN 2, early testing of children in MEN 1 families is not recommended. We report a 2.3-cm pituitary macroadenoma in a 5-yr-old boy with familial MEN 1. He presented with growth acceleration, acromegaloid features, and hyperprolactinemia. We tested systematically to see whether his pituitary tumor had causes similar to or different from a typical MEN 1 tumor. Germ line DNA of the propositus and his affected relatives revealed a heterozygous point mutation in the MEN1 gene, which leads to a His139Asp (H139D) amino acid substitution. The patient had no other detectable germ-line mutations on either MEN1 allele. DNA sequencing and fluorescent in situ hybridization with a MEN1 genomic DNA sequence probe each demonstrated one copy of the MEN1 gene to be deleted in the pituitary tumor and not in normal DNA, proving MEN1 "second hit" as a tumor cause. Gsalpha mutation, common in nonhereditary GH-producing tumors, was not detected in this tumor. We conclude that this pituitary macroadenoma showed molecular genetic features of a typical MEN 1-associated tumor. This patient represents the earliest presentation of any morbid endocrine tumor in MEN 1. A better understanding of early onset MEN 1 disease is needed to formulate recommendations for early MEN 1 genetic testing.
Dos momentos de la historia del presente Argentina en Lezama. La presidencia de Néstor Kirchner, y la interpretación del 2001 (2017)

El artículo muestra como la revista Lezama, forma parte de la historia de Argentina, al desarrollar y publicar en la misma, temas políticos, sociales y culturales tanto del pasado como del presente, concretamente en este artículo, la presidencia de Néstor Kirchner y las movilizaciones del 2001.
Reduction of 6.beta.-methoxy-3.alpha.,5-cyclo-5.alpha.-steroids with mixed hydrides (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of 6.beta.-methoxy-3.alpha.,5-cyclo-5.alpha.-steroids with mixed hydridesAurelio R. Romeo and Mario P. ParadisiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 1, 46–49Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00966a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00966a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Effect of Oral Omeprazole on Gastric Acid and Pepsin Secretion (1986)

Omeprazole is a non-competitive antagonist of the enzyme H+K+ATPase, which until now has only been demonstrated in the parietal cell. The inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole could in theory, therefore, be very selective. The effect of omeprazole on gastric acid and pepsin secretion is reported here.
Association between VEGF Splice Isoforms and Progression-Free Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated with Bevacizumab (2012)

Low VEGF(165)b:VEGF(total) ratio may be a predictive marker for bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer, and individuals with high relative levels may not benefit.
Targeting of drugs 5 : strategies for oligonucleotide and gene delivery in therapy (1996)

Gene Therapy for Inherited Genetic Disease Possibilities and Problems C. Coutelle. Gene Delivery and Therapy: The Case for Cystic Fibrosis E.W.F.W. Alton. Immune Responses with Direct Gene Transfer: DNA Vaccines and Implications for Gene Therapy H.L. Davis. Oligonucleotides: Molecular Versions for Optimal Use In Vivo E. Saison-Behmoaras, et al. Retrovirus Vectors in Gene Therapy: Targeting to Specific Cells A.J. Kingsman, et al. Adenovirus as Vectors for Gene Therapy M.G. Lee. Receptor-mediated Gene Delivery with Synthetic Virus-Like Particles E. Wagner, et al. Controllable Gene Therapy-Recent Advances in Non-Viral Gene Delivery A. Rolland. Genetic Chemistry: Towards Non-Enzymatic Ligation. Sequence-Selective Recognition of DNA and Self-Assembling Systems for Gene Delivery J.-P. Behr. Integrin-Mediated Gene Delivery S.L. Hart, et al. Design, Synthesis and Cellular Delivery of Antibody Targeted, Radiolabelled Oligonucleotide Conjugates for Cancer Therapy C.S.R. Gooden, A.A. Epenetos. 7 Additional Articles. Index.
Indira: intent-based networking and rendering for networks (Indira) v1 (2020)

Intelligent Network Deployment Intent Renderer Application an interactive network assistant that will help us configure a data path between two scientific end-point groups (EPGs) to optimize the transfer of elephant data flows. This tool is able to talk to scientists gather network requirements and then convert to network programming code and automate the end-to-end provisioning.
Race (2016)

In this chapter, I make a case for the continued need to dialogue about race. In order to spark this dialogue, I consider the complexity of race by examining three of its wide-ranging definitions. From a decolonial perspective, I attempt to delink the term race from its historical ties to Western racial hierarchies. In an attempt to provide a contested, decolonial consideration of race and to connect its colonial roots to the twenty-first century’s dilemma of the great “racial” divide, I present a brief historical treatment of this term, which merely scratches the surface of the concept’s deep and complex history. Here, then, the chapter demonstrates one possible thread as a discursive act of “epistemic disobedience,” which works toward delinking race from its religious, scientific, and social-constructionist points of origin. I
Paper Surface Topography Using Three-light Photometric Stereo (2007)

The purposes of this study were (a) to examine the proportions of adolescents in China who partially or fully meet three 24-h movement guidelines on physical activity, screen-time, and sleep duration and (b) to examine whether there were gender differences in the proportion of boys and girls meeting these guidelines. The sample was made up of high school adolescents from an eastern province of China (<i>N</i> = 1338). The participants completed a self-reported survey on demographic variables and weekly health behaviors including physical activity, screen-time, and sleep duration. A frequency analysis was conducted to summarize the number of 24-h movement guidelines met of the total sample and by gender; chi-squared tests were used to examine the gender differences in the proportion of students meeting different guidelines, independently and jointly. A high proportion of adolescents did not meet physical activity (97.2%, 95% CI = 96.2-98.0%), or sleep (92.1%, 95% CI = 90.6-93.5%) guidelines, but met screen-time (93.6%, 95% CI = 92.4-94.7%) guidelines. Overall, only 0.3% (95%CI = 0.1-0.6%) of the sample met all three guidelines, 8.8% (95%CI = 7.5-10.2%) met two, 85.8%% (95%CI = 84.0-87.4%) met one, and 5.1% (95%CI = 4.0-6.4%) met none. There was no statistically significant percentage difference between female and male participants in meeting physical activity, screen-time viewing, or sleep duration guidelines, independently or jointly (<i>p</i> values > 0.05). These figures of participants meeting all three guidelines or physical activity and sleep independently are much lower than many estimates in prior research internationally. Considerations to improve adherence to physical activity and sleep guidelines are critical in this population.
Hydrofluoric Acid Burns (1979)

Burns caused by exposure to hydrofluoric acid are occurring with everincreasing frequency due to the wide use of this acid in industry and research. Such burns are characterized by severe progressive tissue destruction and excruciating pain resulting from the unique properties of the freely dissociable fluoride ion. The subungual tissues are especially susceptible to the destructive effects of hydrofluoric acid. The proper treatment of hydrofluoric acid burns requires prompt recognition and the institution of specific therapeutic measures by the attending physician. (<i>Arch Dermatol</i>115:593-596, 1979)
Poetry mix-up (2009)

Computer technology has become closely integrated with modern culture, which prompted us to introduce and explore the avenues of integrating aesthetics with technology. With the intention of promoting aesthetic sensibilities generated in poetry, we introduce a poetry generating system called "Poetry Mix-up", which encourages users to experience the creation of a 'remixed' variety of poetry by sending a simple short message (SMS). Based on the topics and the content of the input message, the system creates a new poem by mixing existing poem lines. The preliminary user study shows that Poetry Mix-up could be a new form of social and cultural communication in the digital era.
Deacetylase inhibition in malignant melanomas: impact on cell cycle regulation and survival (2004)

In the present study the deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) was used to elucidate the effect of protein acetylation on cell cycle progression and survival in seven human malignant melanoma cell lines. It was shown that TSA treatment led to a transient G(2)/M phase delay and accumulation of unphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (pRB) in all cases. TSA significantly induced protein expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1) in a dose-dependent manner in all cell lines including those not expressing p21(WAF1/CIP1) constitutively, whereas the levels of both wild-type and mutated p53 protein were reduced. The effect on p53 was not a direct result of inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) activation by TSA, as treatment of the cells with the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase-1 (MEK1) inhibitor PD98059 did not result in decreased p53 protein level. Furthermore, TSA treatment led to reduction in cyclin D1 whereas cyclin D3 accumulated, the latter due to increased protein stability. Similarly, cyclin A protein was reduced whereas cyclin E level was elevated. The effect on p27(Kip1), CDK4 and CDK2 was only marginal. In all the examined cell lines, TSA treatment resulted in a profound induction of apoptosis and cleavage of poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase (PARP) indicative of caspase activity. Similarly, TSA-mediated apoptosis was reversed by the caspase-inhibitor z-vad-fmk. Altogether, these results suggest that p21(WAF1/CIP1) in melanomas is silenced by deacetylation, and furthermore that inhibition of deacetylation may have potential in anticancer therapy of melanoma patients.
Quiet Activism: Climate Action at the Local Scale (2021)

This book focuses on the potential and possibilities for socially innovative responses to the climate emergency at the local scale. Climate change has intensified the need for communities to find creative and meaningful ways to address the sustainability of their environments. The authors focus on the creative and collaborative ways local- scale climate action reflects the extra-ordinary measures taken by ordinary people. This includes critical engagement with the ways in which novel social practices and partnerships emerge between people, organisations, institutions, governance arrangements and eco-systems. \n\nThe book successfully highlights the transformative power of socially innovative activities and initiatives in response to the climate crisis; and critically explores how different individuals and groups undertake climate action as ‘quiet activism’ – the embodied acts of collective disruption, subversion, creativity and care at the local scale.
Improve Energy Effi ciency via Heat Integration (2010)

Process integration consists of numerous techniques that allow engineers to evaluate entire processes or sites, rather than focus on individual unit operations. It includes hierarchical design methods, knowledge-based systems, numerical and graphical techniques, and pinch analysis (1, 2). In the area of energy effi ciency, pinch methods dominate. Indeed, the terms pinch analysis and process integration (PI) are often used interchangeably.
Melanoma‐associated leukoderma – immunology in black and white? (2013)

Melanoma is an 'immunogenic tumor', often highly infiltrated with lymphocytes, which are capable of inducing regression of the primary tumor. The commonly observed phenomenon of regression suggests substantial cross-talk between immune cells and transformed melanocytes. An immune response to melanocyte differentiation antigens common to transformed and normal melanocytes manifests clinically at distant sites as melanoma-associated vitiligo or halo nevi. Despite similar antigenic targets, the pathogenesis and prognosis differ between the different melanoma-associated leukodermas. Understanding immunologic cross-talk between melanocytes and the immune system will aid the development of approaches to combat melanoma.
ChemInform Abstract: CuX2‐Mediated [4 + 2] Benzannulation as a New Synthetic Tool for Stereoselective Construction of Haloaromatic Compounds. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Experimental Study of Short-Circuit Current Making Operation of Air Medium-Voltage Load Break Switches (2022)

Replacing SF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> , the most potent greenhouse gas, with an alternative gas is a challenge faced by medium-voltage load break switches (MV-LBS). Air is a possible alternative, but there are some challenges regarding low dielectric strength leading to high arcing time and dissipated energy. Therefore, understanding the switching processes for both interruption and making operations in air MV-LBS is crucial to designing efficient compact switchgear. This work focuses on making operations in air MV-LBS. A synthetic test circuit and a model switch are designed based on the standards to simulate making operations under fault conditions similar to a real test. The test condition is set to achieve high pre-strike arcing time and energy. The results show that the most destructive impact of the making short-circuit current occurs in the first half-cycle of the load current when the pre-strike arc is formed. For an average short-circuit current with a peak of 22 kA and a breakdown voltage of 20 kV, the switch failed to re-open due to the arcing contacts welding after four successive making operations without main contacts and seven successive operations with main contacts. It has been shown that the total arcing contact mass loss occurs mainly during the pre-arcing time.Increasing the closing speed could be a possible solution to minimize the impact of arcing.
An Acoustic Investigation of Voice Quality Disorders in Children with Vocal Nodules (1980)

Voice quality was investigated in 36 young males with a mean age of 10 years. This group represented subjects with vocal nodules and “breathy-tense” voices (N = 12); healthy vocal folds and “trained-breathy” voices (N = 12); and, healthy vocal folds and “normal” voices (N = 12). Each subject was required to produce three prolonged, isolated vowels (/a;/, /i:/, /u:/) which were recorded and analysed by the Fast Fourier Transform and the Filter Bank computer. This provided data on five variables: fundamental frequency (fo), fundamental frequency variability, spectral noise, second formant (F2) amplitude variability, and relative amplitudes. It was found that the nodular voices were differentiated from the normal voices by a higher fo and greater fo variability, and from the simulated breathy voices by higher fo, greater fo variability, less spectral noise, and less F2 amplitude variability. The nodular and simulated breathy voices did not appear to share any acoustic feature. These findings were discussed in relation to the speech pathologist's use of subjective perceptual judgements in the management of clients with voice quality disorders. Finally, the need to develop a terminology which would provide objective reference points for the speech pathologist was argued.
The detection of EpCAM+ and EpCAM– circulating tumor cells (2015)

EpCAM expressing circulating tumor cells, detected by CellSearch, are predictive of short survival in several cancers and may serve as a liquid biopsy to guide therapy. Here we investigate the presence of EpCAM(+) CTC detected by CellSearch and EpCAM(-) CTC discarded by CellSearch, after EpCAM based enrichment. EpCAM(-) CTC were identified by filtration and fluorescent labelling. This approach was validated using different cell lines spiked into blood and evaluated on blood samples of 27 metastatic lung cancer patients. The majority of spiked EpCAM(+) cells could be detected with CellSearch, whereas most spiked cells with EpCAM(low) or EpCAM(-) expression were detected using filtration. Five or more CTC were detected in 15% of the patient samples, this increased to 41% when adding the CTC detected in the discarded blood. The number of patients with CTC and the number of CTC detected were doubled by the presence of EpCAM(-) CTC. In this pilot study, the presence of EpCAM(+) CTC was associated with poor outcome, whereas the EpCAM(-) CTC were not. This observation will need to be confirmed in larger studies and molecular characterization needs to be conducted to elucidate differences between EpCAM(-) and EpCAM(+) CTC.
CINDOOR: an engineering tool for planning and design of wireless systems in enclosed spaces (1999)

This paper presents the program CINDOOR. This program is an engineering tool for aiding in the design, planning, and effective implementation of wireless systems in general enclosed spaces. The method underlying CINDOOR is a flexible approach to the propagation process, allowing analysis of indoor and outdoor environments and the interaction between them. The method is based on a full three-dimensional implementation of GO/UTD. Ray tracing is efficiently carried out by combining image theory with binary space partitioning algorithms. The space-time distribution of the electromagnetic field is processed to obtain a set of magnitudes that form a basis for planning a wireless system: coverage (mean power), fading statistics, power delay profile and associated parameters, such as the rms delay spread and the coherent bandwidth.
Dissecting the predictive value of MAPK/AKT/estrogen-receptor phosphorylation axis in primary breast cancer to treatment response for tamoxifen over exemestane: a Translational Report of the Intergroup Exemestane Study (IES)—PathIES (2019)

This PathIES study confirmed previously described associations between the phosphorylation site markers of AKT, MAPK and ERα activity in postmenopausal breast cancer patients. No prognostic correlations between the phosphorylation markers and clinical outcome were found, nor were they predictive for clinical outcomes among patients who switched therapy over those treated with tamoxifen alone.
Micro-concentrator module for Microsystems-Enabled Photovoltaics: Optical performance characterization, modelling and analysis (2015)

Prototype micro-concentrating optical modules developed for Microsystems-Enabled Photovoltaics (MEPV) were characterized, modelled, and analyzed. Laboratory and field tests were performed to evaluate the optical performance of the modules. An optical simulation model was constructed based on measured sub-component and material properties, showing a good agreement with on-sun experimental results. Performance of a fully-packaged module integrating 100X micro-scale solar cells (-250μm in diameter) was characterized and projected based on experimental and simulation results. Characterization results and analyses indicate that the micro-concentrator module developed provide desirable performance while maintaining a compact physical profile. The development of a next generation micro-concentrator module is also described.