gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of Menin in Parathyroid Tumors (2000)

The multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene seems to be a tumor suppressor that encodes a 610-amino acid protein termed menin and that plays an important role in the development of MEN1 syndrome. Recent reports indicate that heterozygous germline mutations of this gene are responsible for the disease onset of MEN1. In this study we examined the expression of menin in parathyroid tumors from primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP), secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHP), and MEN1 and thyroid tumors including Basedow's disease, thyroid cancer, and adrenocortical tumors. Both ribonucleic acid and protein from these tumors were applied to RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Primers for RT-PCR were designed to amplify the sequence between exons 2 and 3 of the MEN1 gene. Specific antibody against menin was generated in guinea pigs immunized with the recombinant peptide from amino acid residues 443-535 of menin made by using glutathione-S-transferase (GST) gene fusion. Menin messenger ribonucleic acid was strongly expressed on RT-PCR analysis in the parathyroid tumors from both PHP and SHP. Western blotting revealed a specific band of approximately 67 kDa in parathyroid tumors from PHP and SHP, with a much weaker such band detected in thyroid tumors. Menin expression was down-regulated in MEN1 samples, including nonsense mutation and deletion mutant. These findings suggest that menin is predominantly synthesized and stored in parathyroid tumors resulting from PHP and SHP.
[Sexual disorders in the DSM-5]. (2014)

In the DSM-5 many parts of the chapters on sexual disorders have been substantially revised.
Response of fertilizer treatments on agronomic and biochemical traits in main and ratoon crops of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivar ICSV 93046 (2011)

The response of sweet sorghum cultivar ICSV 93046 to six fertilizer treatments viz., T1
(control - 80 Kg N ha-1 and 40 Kg P2O5 ha-1); T2 (Designed fertilizer from a commercial
source); T3 (N + P with Zn and B soil application); T4 (N + P with Zn and B soil
application); T5 (N + P with foliar application of 0.1% sodium borate and T6 (N + P with
foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 0.1% sodium borate) was evaluated during the postrainy
season (December-March, 2009−10) as main (plant) crop and during summer season
(April-July, 2010) as ratoon crop. The combined ANOVA showed that there was no
significant crop (main and ratoon) and treatment interactions for the qualitative and
quantitative component traits of sugar yield measured and also no significant differences for
main and ratoon crop except for non-significant numerical differences giving a trend. The
stalk yield was highest for treatments T5 and T6 in main crop and in the ratoon the treatment
T4 recorded the highest.
Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm-Extreme Learning Machine (PSO-ELM) Model for Predicting Resilient Modulus of Stabilized Aggregate Bases (2019)

Stabilized base/subbase materials provide more structural support and durability to both flexible and rigid pavements than conventional base/subbase materials. For the design of stabilized base/subbase layers in flexible pavements, good performance in terms of resilient modulus (Mr) under wet-dry cycle conditions is required. This study focuses on the development of a Particle Swarm Optimization-based Extreme Learning Machine (PSO-ELM) to predict the performance of stabilized aggregate bases subjected to wet-dry cycles. Furthermore, the performance of the developed PSO-ELM model was compared with the Particle Swarm Optimization-based Artificial Neural Network (PSO-ANN) and Kernel ELM (KELM). The results showed that the PSO-ELM model significantly yielded higher prediction accuracy in terms of the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), the Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and the coefficient of determination (r2) compared with the other two investigated models, PSO-ANN and KELM. The PSO-ELM was unique in that the predicted Mr values generally yielded the same distribution and trend as the observed Mr data.
Beyond Doping and Charge Balancing: How Polymer Acid Templates Impact the Properties of Conducting Polymer Complexes (2017)

Polymer acids are increasingly used as dopants/counterions to access and stabilize the electrically conducting states of conducting polymers. Beyond doping and/or charge balancing, these polymer acids also serve as active components that impact the macroscopic properties of the conducting polymer complexes. Judicious selection of the polymer acid at the onset of synthesis or manipulation of the interactions between the polymer acid and the conducting polymer through processing significantly impacts the electrical conductivity, piezoresistivity, electrochromism, mechanical properties, and thermoelectric efficiency of conducting polymers. As polyelectrolytes, these polymer acids enable conducting polymer complexes to transport ions in addition to electrons/holes. Understanding the role of the polymer acid and its interactions with the conducting polymer generates processing-structure-function relationships for conducting polymer/polymer acid complexes, which can help overcome challenges that were associated with these materials, such as low electrical conductivity and sensitivity to humidity, and enable the design of conducting polymer complexes with desired functionalities.
Finite amplitude standing waves in metallic rods (1995)

Large-amplitude extensional standing waves in metals are studied theoretically and experimentally. Starting from the nonlinear elastodynamic equation for perfectly elastic solids, a one-dimensional second-order model is formulated for resonant rods. Losses are neglected and superposition of forward and backward waves is assumed. Spatial distributions of the force and particle velocity are obtained theoretically as well as the waveforms. The experimental work consists of measuring and analyzing the vibration signal along the length of cylindrical rod samples of a titanium alloy at constant temperature. Stepped rod samples are used to achieve higher strain amplitudes. The samples are driven by means of a piezoelectric transducer. The vibration amplitudes and waveforms are monitored by using a nonintrusive laser vibrometer. From a comparison between the experimental and theoretical results a value for the nonlinearity parameter of the titanium alloy is derived.
SINGLE WAVELENGTH OPERATION OF A PULSED WATER-VAPOR LASER (1967)

Single wavelength operation on twenty-five emission lines in the range 23 to 57 μ was obtained by using three diffraction gratings to make the laser resonator frequency selective. This technique leads to new emission lines, enhanced output on weak lines, and identical pulse-to-pulse emission intensities. These results show that there are strong interactions among the transitions responsible for laser action. They are quantitatively consistent with the assumption that laser action is due to vibration-rotation transitions of the H2O molecule.
Deterministic control of photonic de Broglie waves using coherence optics (2020)

Photonic de Broglie waves offer a unique property of quantum mechanics satisfying the complementarity between the particle and wave natures of light, where the photonic de Broglie wavelength is inversely proportional to the number of entangled photons acting on a beam splitter. Very recently, the nonclassical feature of photon bunching has been newly interpreted using the pure wave nature of coherence optics [Sci. Rep. 10, 7,309 (2020)], paving the road to unconditionally secured classical key distribution [Sci. Rep. 10, 11,687 (2020)]. Here, deterministic photonic de Broglie waves are presented in a coherence regime to uncover new insights in both fundamental quantum physics and potential applications of coherence-quantum metrology.
Enhancing Clinical Information Display to Improve Patient Encounters: Human-Centered Design and Evaluation of the Parkinson Disease-BRIDGE Platform (2022)

Integrating clinically relevant information from EHR and PRO data into a visually efficient platform (PD-BRIDGE) can facilitate clinical encounters with people with PD. Developing new modules with more disparate information could improve these complex encounters even further.
Nonparametric Facial Feature Localization Using Segment-Based Eigenfeatures (2015)

We present a nonparametric facial feature localization method using relative directional information between regularly sampled image segments and facial feature points. Instead of using any iterative parameter optimization technique or search algorithm, our method finds the location of facial feature points by using a weighted concentration of the directional vectors originating from the image segments pointing to the expected facial feature positions. Each directional vector is calculated by linear combination of eigendirectional vectors which are obtained by a principal component analysis of training facial segments in feature space of histogram of oriented gradient (HOG). Our method finds facial feature points very fast and accurately, since it utilizes statistical reasoning from all the training data without need to extract local patterns at the estimated positions of facial features, any iterative parameter optimization algorithm, and any search algorithm. In addition, we can reduce the storage size for the trained model by controlling the energy preserving level of HOG pattern space.
Mitochondria-Targeted and Ultrasound-Activated Nanodroplets for Enhanced Deep-Penetration Sonodynamic Cancer Therapy (2019)

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), a promising alternative for cancer therapy, utilizes a sonosensitizer combined with ultrasound (US) irradiation to damage tumor cells/tissues for therapeutic purposes. The ability of sonosensitizers to specifically accumulate in tumor cells/tissues could greatly influence their therapeutic efficiency. In this work, we report the use of US-activated sonosensitizer (IR780)-based nanodroplets (IR780-NDs) for SDT, which provide numerous benefits for killing cancer cells compared with traditional methods. For instance, IR780-NDs showed effective surface-to-core diffusion both in vitro and in vivo. In the presence of US, the acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) effect significantly assisted the conveyance of IR780-NDs from the circulatory system to tumor regions, and the acoustic wave force also increased the penetration depth within tumor tissues. Furthermore, IR780-NDs possesses mitochondrial targeting capabilities, which improves the precision and accuracy of SDT delivery. During the in vitro assessment, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed following mitochondrial targeting, which rendered cancer cells more susceptible to ROS-induced apoptosis. Additionally, IR780-ND is a suitable candidate for photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging and can also enhance US imaging because of the ADV-generated bubbles, which provides the potential for SDT guidance and monitoring. Therefore, with combined modalities, IR780-NDs can be a promising theranostics nanoplatform for cancer therapy.
Reply to “Accuracy of Self-Report of Sexual Activity among Adolescent Girls: Implications for Interpretation of Vaginal Flora Patterns” (2015)

paper entitled "Vaginal microbiota of adolescent girls prior to the onset of menarche resemble those of reproductive-age women" (1, 2), in which we report the longitudinal changes in vaginal and vulvar microbial communities of adolescents that occur prior to and immediately following menarche.Muzny and Schwebke focus their comments on the occurrence of Gardnerella vaginalis in the vaginal and vulvar communities of some perimenarcheal adolescents.They had not anticipated this based on their tacit assertion that G. vaginalis is a sexually transmitted organism.The possibility that vaginal G. vaginalis is sexually transmitted exclusively has been extensively investigated but remains unresolved and controversial (3-5).Even so, Muzny and Schwebke argue that undisclosed sexual contact could explain identification of G. vaginalis in a significant proportion of the perimenarcheal girls comprising our study sample.We have no way to know the means by which these communities assembled and point out that this was not an objective of the study.That said, we think it is unlikely that so many study subjects with G. vaginalis (at least 11 out of 31, some as young as 10 years old) misreported history of sexual contact, either voluntarily or involuntarily.Instead, we contend that our data add to those of other studies demonstrating G. vaginalis in vaginal samples of children, adolescents, and adults without history of sexual contact (6-8).The means by which G. vaginalis-or other common vaginal species, such Lactobacillus iners, for example-is acquired remains unknown, and an understanding of this awaits the results of future investigations on microbial community assembly in the female urogenital tract.The anogenital route may represent one possible reservoir for transmission; though rare, G. vaginalis has been isolated from the anal canal of children 5 to 6 years old (9).We also point out that participants in our study were all under the age of consent for sexual relationships as specified by Indiana law.Any identified partnered sexual activity is considered child abuse, which must be reported to child protection authorities for both ethical and legally mandated reasons.In addition, the disclosure of this reporting requirement is required in informed consent documents.We believe that our approach represents the best balance of protection of the privacy and confidentiality related to the sensitive issues of genital examination and genital sampling.In our opinion the remarks of Muzny and Schwebke reflect a lack of sensitivity to the ethical and legal issues involved in studies of early adolescents and disparage the study participants.In summary, Muzny and Schwebke put forth a hypothesis to explain the occurrence of G. vaginalis in the vaginal and vulvar communities of some perimenarcheal adolescents that is unlikely to be testable and beyond the scope of the study we conducted.
Mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion between 6 and 24 h: outcome comparison of DEFUSE-3/DAWN eligible versus non-eligible patients (2022)

Among adult patients with LVO treated with MT between 6 and 24 h, safety and efficacy outcomes were similar between DEFUSE-3/DAWN eligible and ineligible patients. Our data provide a compelling rationale for randomized trials with broader inclusion criteria for MT.
寄希望于“具体的乌托邦”——纪念E.布洛赫诞生一百周年 (1985)

最近十年中对乌托邦、对乌托邦设想问题的兴趣,在资本主义社会的不同社会人士中有了持续的增加。这不是骤然发生的,而且没有思辨的特征;更确切地说,这种倾向是逐步发展的,并越来越扩展到新的问题上。从透彻分析 Th.莫尔以来的乌托邦历史到乌托邦的哲学思想,从作为工人阶级世界观来源的空想社会主义到二十一世纪的空想社会模式,从围绕意识形态和乌托邦的讨论到反乌托邦的宣传,被研究的问题各式各样、种类繁多,参加讨论的哲
Modifiers of Terminal Deficiency-Associated Position Effect Variegation in Drosophila (2002)

Terminal deletions of a Drosophila minichromosome (Dp(1;f)1187) dramatically increase the position effect variegation (PEV) of a yellow(+) body-color gene located in cis. Such terminal deficiency-associated PEV (TDA-PEV) can be suppressed by the presence of a second minichromosome, a phenomenon termed "trans-suppression." We performed a screen for mutations that modify TDA-PEV and trans-suppression. Seventy suppressors and enhancers of TDA-PEV were identified, but no modifiers of trans-suppression were recovered. Secondary analyses of the effects of these mutations on different PEV types identified 10 mutations that modify only TDA-PEV and 6 mutations that modify TDA-PEV and only one other type of PEV. One mutation, a new allele of Su(var)3-9, affects all forms of PEV, including silencing associated with the insertion of a transgene into telomeric regions (TPE). This Su(var)3-9 allele is the first modifier of PEV to affect TPE and provides a unique link between different types of gene silencing in Drosophila. The remaining mutations affected multiple PEV types, indicating that general PEV modifiers impact TDA-PEV. Modifiers of TDA-PEV may identify proteins that play important roles in general heterochromatin biology, including proteins involved in telomere structure and function and the organization of chromosomes in the interphase nucleus.
Histopathology of balloon‐dilation eustachian tuboplasty (2014)

4.
Numerical study of aerodynamic interaction of compressor and combustor flows (2005)

Numerical study of the aerodynamic interaction of transient compressor and combustor flows has been conducted using the KIVA-3V code. The simulation was based on the solution of Navier-Stokes equations with models of turbulence, sprays and chemical reactions. A typical annular combustor, including the diffuser, the secondary channels and the liner, was modeled. The transient inflow was assumed by specifying the pressure oscillation in a form of sinusoidal function. Aeroacoustic characteristics of the diffuser-liner flow were revealed. Three flow patterns, namely the quasisteady, transition and steady patterns corresponding to the frequency ranges of n /spl les/ 80, 80 /spl les/ n /spl les/ 320 and n /spl ges/ 320 Hz, were classified. It is found that for the quasisteady pattern, combustion flow is in quasisteady state with flow properties dependent of time; for the steady pattern, the combustion flow can be treated as if in steady state, in which the influence of oscillation can be ignored; and the flow in the transition pattern behaves in-between. They significantly influence the gas turbine combustion.
Sensor deployment and target localization based on virtual forces (2003)

The effectiveness of cluster-based distributed sensor networks depends to a large extent on the coverage provided by the sensor deployment. We propose a virtual force algorithm (VFA) as a sensor deployment strategy to enhance the coverage after an initial random placement of sensors. For a given number of sensors, the VFA algorithm attempts to maximize the sensor field coverage. A judicious combination of attractive and repulsive forces is used to determine virtual motion paths and the rate of movement for the randomly-placed sensors. Once the effective sensor positions are identified, a one-time movement with energy consideration incorporated is carried out, i.e., the sensors are redeployed to these positions. We also propose a novel probabilistic target localization algorithm that is executed by the cluster head. The localization results are used by the cluster head to query only a few sensors (out of those that report the presence of a target) for more detailed information. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Wear of Silicon and Carbon-Based Nanoscale Asperities (2008)

Wear at the nanoscale is a key limitation of conventional silicon and silicon nitride atomic force microscope (AFM) probe tips. Tip degradation and contamination induced by tip-sample interactions can result in decreased resolution and uncertainty in AFM measurements. Prediction and control of the wear behavior is challenging since there is no rigorous theory for the wear of a &amp;lt;100 nm asperity. However, ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) and diamond-like carbon (DLC) are potentially ideal materials for AFM probe applications because of their high stiffness and hardness, low surface roughness, low macroscale friction coefficient and wear, and chemical inertness. The nanoscale adhesion and wear behavior of UNCD, DLC, silicon, and silicon nitride AFM probes have been characterized through systematic AFM wear tests and characterization of the corresponding nanoscale modification of the tips through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging, AFM-based adhesion measurements, and AFM-based blind reconstruction of the tip shape. Our results demonstrate that significant reductions in the nanoscale wear can be achieved through the use of these carbon-based materials. We will discuss how the nanoscale wear behavior of the tips can be linked to their intrinsic materials properties through consideration of the mechanics and physics of nanoscale contacts.
Continuous content updating: The Stockton connection (1985)

Abstract The Stockton Connection demonstrates the possibility of translating the latest research developments in all of the major curricular areas into classroom‐useable materials, and the possibility of teaching those content materials in ways that require students to develop higher‐order thinking skills.
Sol-gel processing of energetic materials (1997)

As part of a new materials effort, we are exploring the use of sol- gel chemistry to manufacture energetic materials. Traditional manufacturing of energetic materials involves processing of granular solids. One application is the production of detonators where powders of energetic material and a binder are typically mixed and compacted at high pressure to make pellets. Performance properties are strongly dependent on particle size distribution, surface area of its constituents, homogeneity of the mix, and void volume. The goal is to produce detonators with fast energy release rate the are insensitive to unintended initiation. In this paper, we report results of our early work in this field of research, including the preparation of detonators from xerogel molding powders and aerogels, comparing the material properties with present state-of-the-art technology.
Synthesis and characterization of cyclic peptides that are β-helical in trifluoroethanol (2014)

We show that three designed cyclic d,l-peptides are β-helical in TFE-a solvent in which the archetypal β-helical peptide, gA, is unstructured. This result represents an advance in the field of β-helical peptide foldamers and a step toward achieving β-helical structure under a broad range of solvent conditions. We synthesized two of the three peptides examined using an improved variant of our original CBC strategy. Here, we began with a commercially available PEG-PS composite resin prefunctionalized with the alkanesulfonamide 'SCL' linker and preloaded with glycine. Our new conditions avoided C-terminal epimerization during the CBC step and simplified purification. In addition, we present results to define the scope and limitations of our CBC strategy. These methods and observations will prove useful in designing additional cyclic β-helical peptides for applications ranging from transmembrane ion channels to ligands for macromolecular targets. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Experimental investigation of runoff reduction and sediment removal by vegetated filter strips (2004)

Abstract The impact of vegetated filter strips (VFS) on sediment removal from runoff has been studied extensively in recent years. Vegetation is believed to increase water infiltration and decrease water turbulence thus enhancing sediment deposition within filter media. In the study reported here, field experiments have been conducted to examine the efficiency of vegetated filter strips for sediment removal from cropland runoff. Twenty filters with varying length, slope and vegetated cover were used under simulated runoff conditions with an average sediment concentration of 2700 mg/L. The filters were 2, 5, 10 and 15 m long with a slope of 2·3 and 5% and three types of vegetation. Three other strips with bare soil were used as a control. The experimental results showed that the average sediment trapping efficiency of all filters was 84% and ranging from 68% in a 2‐m filter to as high as 98% in a 15‐m long filter compared with only 25% for the control. The length of filter has been found to be the predominant factor affecting sediment deposition in VFS up to 10 m. Increasing filter length to 15 m did not improve sediment trapping efficiency under the present experimental conditions. The rate of incoming flow and vegetation cover percentage has a secondary effect on sediment deposition in VFS. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.