gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Investigation into Tool Wear and Hole Quality during Low-Frequency Vibration-Assisted Drilling of CFRP/Ti6Al4V Stack (2019)

The use of lightweight material such as CFRP/Ti6Al4V in stacked structures in the aerospace industry is associated with improved physical and mechanical characteristics. The drilling process of nonuniform structures plays a significant role prior to the assembly operation. However, this drilling process is typically associated with unacceptable CFRP delamination, hole accuracy, and high tool wear. These machining difficulties are attributed to high thermal load and poor chip evacuation mechanism. Low-frequency vibration-assisted drilling (LF-VAD) is an advanced manufacturing technique where the dynamic change of the uncut chip thickness is used to manipulate the cutting energy. An efficient chip evacuation mechanism was achieved through axial tool oscillation. This study investigates the effect of vibration-assisted drilling machining parameters on tool wear mechanisms. The paper also presents the effect of tool wear progression on drilled hole quality. Hole quality is described by CFRP entry and exit delamination and hole accuracy. The results showed a significant reduction in the thrust force, cutting torque, cutting temperature, and flank wear-land.
The human placenta : a guide for clinicians and scientists (1993)

Growth, Development and Genetics of the Placenta: The origin and structure of the extraembryonic tissues The molecular biology of placental development The contribution of the paternal genome: hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma Genetic diagnosis, chorionic villous biopsy and placental mosaicism Ultrasound assessment of the placenta, and clinical assessment of placental growth The Biochemical Interaction between the Placenta and the Mother: The placenta and maternal early adaptation to pregnancy Placental endocrinology The placenta and the control of parturition The placenta and haemostatic balance The Immunological Frontier Around the Fetus: The placenta and infection The placenta as a graft The decidua and factors controlling placentation The placenta and recurrent early pregnancy loss The placenta, pre-eclampsia and chronic villitis The Placenta and the Fetus: In vitro assessment of trophoblast receptors and placental transport mechanisms Trophoblast cell culture as a model for studying placental function Endocrine and metabolic interaction between placenta and fetus: pathways of maternal-fetal communication The placenta and intrauterine growth retardation The fetoplacental circulation: anatomy, physiology, pathology and assessment of function by ultrasound
Training data used to generate predictive model (2015)

This dataset was used to create the predictive model applied to all other datasets.
Electric arc-induced long period gratings in Ge-free air-silica microstructure fibers (2003)

International audience
Effect of 2′,5′-Oligoadenylate on Herpes Simplex Virus-Infected Cells and Preventive Action of 2′,5′-Oligoadenylate on the Lethal Effect of HSV-2 (1989)

Antiviral effects of ppp(A2'p)nA, (2-5A) on herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 (HSV-1 or HSV-2)-infected baby hamster kidney fibroblasts (BHK cells) and HSV-2-infected female guinea pigs were examined. 2-5A was introduced into BHK cells in the form of a calcium phosphate precipitate and as an ointment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) into guinea pig vagina. Under optimum conditions, 2-5A trimer and other 2-5A derivatives inhibited over 90% of HSV-1 syncytia formation and over 50% of HSV-2 plaque formation. The growth of uninfected cells was only slightly and transiently inhibited under these conditions. Northern analysis of viral immediate early mRNAs and cellular mRNAs showed that all transcripts determined were reduced in amount by the 2-5A trimer treatment. The reduction in level of viral mRNAs (ICP4, ICP22, and ICP47) by 2-5A trimer was significantly more than that of cellular mRNAs (represented by beta-actin). HSV-2 (strain 186) inoculation into the vagina of female guinea pigs causes severe symptoms in the genital area and high mortality. Topically applied 2-5A trimer almost completely prevented the lethal effect of HSV-2. These data are discussed from the viewpoint of mechanism of interferon action.
Beyond Triplet Loss: Person Re-identification with Fine-grained Difference-aware Pairwise Loss (2020)

Person Re-IDentification (ReID) aims at re-identifying persons from different viewpoints across multiple cameras. Capturing the fine-grained appearance differences is often the key to accurate person ReID, because many identities can be differentiated only when looking into these fine-grained differences. However, most state-of-the-art person ReID approaches, typically driven by a triplet loss, fail to effectively learn the fine-grained features as they are focused more on differentiating large appearance differences. To address this issue, we introduce a novel pairwise loss function that enables ReID models to learn the fine-grained features by adaptively enforcing an exponential penalization on the images of small differences and a bounded penalization on the images of large differences. The proposed loss is generic and can be used as a plugin to replace the triplet loss to significantly enhance different types of state-of-the-art approaches. Experimental results on four benchmark datasets show that the proposed loss substantially outperforms a number of popular loss functions by large margins; and it also enables significantly improved data efficiency.
Search for a new heavy gauge-boson resonance decaying into a lepton and missing transverse momentum in 36 fb $$^{-1}$$ - 1 of pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS experiment (2018)

The results of a search for new heavy <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msup><mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mo>'</mml:mo></mml:msup> </mml:math> bosons decaying to an electron or muon and a neutrino using proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt> <mml:mspace></mml:mspace> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mspace></mml:mspace> <mml:mn>13</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:math> TeV are presented. The dataset was collected in 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mspace></mml:mspace> <mml:mtext>fb</mml:mtext> <mml:msup><mml:mspace></mml:mspace> <mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . As no excess of events above the Standard Model prediction is observed, the results are used to set upper limits on the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msup><mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mo>'</mml:mo></mml:msup> </mml:math> boson cross-section times branching ratio to an electron or muon and a neutrino as a function of the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msup><mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mo>'</mml:mo></mml:msup> </mml:math> mass. Assuming a <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msup><mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mo>'</mml:mo></mml:msup> </mml:math> boson with the same couplings as the Standard Model <i>W</i> boson, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msup><mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mo>'</mml:mo></mml:msup> </mml:math> masses below 5.1 TeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level.
Citing methods literature: citations to field manuals as paradata on archaeological fieldwork (2022)

Introduction. This article investigates how researchers cite methods literature, and to what extent and how these citations could function as a form of paradata i.e., descriptive data on research processes. Method. Citations to two prominent field manuals were retrieved using Scopus; full-texts were obtained for analysis. Analysis. Descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis were used. Results. Field manuals are cited both for compliance and contrast to clarify procedures and actions, understanding of what is considered conventional and extra-ordinary, to elucidate work processes in broader terms, and to explain concepts and what is common disciplinary knowledge. Even if literature use seems indicative of work procedures, a citation to a method cannot necessarily be considered as direct evidence of what was done in reality. Conclusions. Citations to field manuals can function as a complementary form of paradata to other information on how archaeological work has been conducted. However, rather than forming a standalone corpus of evidence, they can be expected to function best if combined with other indicators. A citation to a specific methods text can be indicative of certain patterns of work or presence of a shared scope of relevance with other works citing the same text.
GALLIUM NITRIDE INTEGRATED GAS/TEMPERATURE SENSORS FOR FUEL CELL SYSTEM MONITORING FOR HYDROGEN AND CARBON MONOXIDE (2002)

Experimental results indicate the Pt-GaN-based FET (field effect transitor) gas sensors has the required sensitivity to measure the CO concentration in the 0-500 ppm range in H2 and that the array concept for analyzing complex mixtures is more sensitive with increasing temperature&amp;gt;100•C. The work leverages significant contributions in the literature on FET-based sensors on silicon and gallium nitride device electronics to extend the performance envelope for the FET-based gas sensor technology to high temperature. Results for the Pt and Rh catalytic gates at temperatures at and above 150•C suggest a complex interaction of CO (51-1,014 ppm) and oxygen (0-5,000 ppm) and no saturation by hydrogen at 35vol%. The results are discussed in terms of the models currently used to describe the FET sensing mechanism.
Experiments on wave propagation at 6.0 GHz in a left‐handed waveguide (2010)

Abstract Microwave propagation in a metallic waveguide loaded with an array of split‐ring resonators is examined both analytically and experimentally. The synthesized combined medium exhibits a frequency band around 6.0 GHz with simultaneously negative values of permittivity and permeability, which allow transmission in an otherwise forbidden band for the hollow waveguide. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2175–2178, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25435
Expression of CAP2, an APETALA2-Family Transcription Factor from Chickpea, Enhances Growth and Tolerance to Dehydration and Salt Stress in Transgenic Tobacco (2006)

The APETALA2 (AP2) domain defines a large family of DNA-binding proteins that play important roles in plant morphology, development, and stress response. We describe isolation and characterization of a gene (CAP2) from chickpea (Cicer arietinum) encoding a novel AP2-family transcription factor. Recombinant CAP2 protein bound specifically to C-repeat/dehydration-responsive element in gel-shift assay and transactivated reporter genes in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) one-hybrid assay. CAP2 appeared to be a single/low copy intronless gene, and the protein product localized in the nucleus. Transcript level of CAP2 increased by dehydration and by treatment with sodium chloride, abscisic acid, and auxin, but not by treatment with low temperature, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid. The 35S promoter-driven expression of CAP2 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) caused drastic increase in the leaf cell size, and, thereby, in leaf surface area and number of lateral roots. Transgenic plants demonstrated more tolerance to dehydration and salt stress than the wild-type plants. Transgenic plants expressed higher steady-state transcript levels of abiotic stress-response genes NtERD10B and NtERD10C and auxin-response genes IAA4.2 and IAA2.5. Taken together, our results indicated a mutual interrelation between plant growth-development and abiotic stress-response pathways and a probable involvement of CAP2 in both the signaling pathways.
COMMON FACTORS IN EMOTION PERCEPTION AMONG DIFFERENT CULTURES (2007)

There are may exist some common factors independent of languages and cultures in human perception of emotion via speech sounds. This study investigated the factors using subjects from Japan, the United States and China, all of whom have no experience living abroad. An emotional speech database sans linguistic information was used in this study and evaluated using 3- and 6-emotional dimensions. It was found that most speech materials were perceived to have multiple emotional components, even though a single emotion had been intended to be expressed by the speakers. As the listener’s evaluation of the intended emotion gets lower, the components of the other emotions were perceived more strongly. This phenomenon is common across the three cultures. The principle component analysis showed that the loading pattern of the explanatory variables was consistent with one another for the three different cultures at about a 67% cover rate. Extending the evaluation dimension from three emotions to six emotions, it was found that anger joy and sad may constitute three basic emotions, while the other emotions converge to those basic emotions with about 60% accuracy.
Protective Mechanisms of Green Tea Polyphenols in Skin (2012)

Skin is frequently exposed to a variety of environmental, chemical, and genotoxic agents that contribute to disease and carcinogenesis. Ultraviolet light (UVR) is the main external stress that leads to immunosuppression, oxidative stress, premature aging, and tumor formation. Scientists and health professionals emphasize the importance of prevention strategies to circumvent such unfavorable outcomes. Plant polyphenols are a promising approach to disease prevention and treatment. Green tea is an abundant source of plant polyphenols that exhibit significant antioxidant, chemopreventive, and immunomodulatory effects in protecting the skin.
Vacuum arc ion source for heavy ion fusion (1998)

Heavy ion fusion is one approach to the problem of controlled thermonuclear power production, in which a small DT target is bombarded by an intense flux of heavy ions and compressed to fusion temperatures. There is a need in present HIF research and development for a reliable ion source for the production of heavy ion beams with low emittance, low beam noise, ion charge states Q=1+ to 3+, beam current ∼0.5 A, pulse width ∼5–20 μs, and repetition rate ∼10 pulses per second. We have explored the suitability of a vacuum arc ion source for this application. Energetic, high current, gadolinium ion beams were produced with parameters as required or close to those required. The performance parameters can all be improved yet further in an optimized ion source design. Here we describe the ion source configuration used, the experiments conducted, and the results obtained. We conclude that a vacuum arc based metal ion source of this kind could be an excellent candidate for heavy ion fusion research application.
Optimal Scheduling of Combined Heat and Power Based Microgrid (2020)

The efficiency and economic performance of the microgrid (MG) are significantly improved by the combined heat and power (CHP) unit. In this paper, an optimal scheduling method for the CHP-based MG based on model predictive control (MPC) is proposed. Based on the energy hub (EH) model, the model of CHP-based MG was presented. An optimal scheduling model whose purpose is to minimize the total cost for CHP based microgrid was proposed in this paper then. And the MPC method was applied to the optimal scheduling model to deal with the uncertainty of renewable energy in the MG. The method is applied to a typical CHP based microgrid to verify the effectiveness.
Structure–processing–property correlations in solution-processed, small-molecule, organic solar cells (2013)

Alkyl chains are often attached to the periphery of semiconductor molecules to impart solubility and they represent a pervasive structural element in solution processable, organic photovoltaics (OPV). It is important to understand the effects of such substitutions on the morphology and performance of organic solar cells. This investigation focuses on determining structure–property correlations in OPV devices constructed with small-molecule, solution processable electron donors based on benzothiadiazole–dithienopyrrole, mixed with the electron acceptor PCBM. Two donor molecules with the same opto-electronic molecular properties but differing alkyl substituents – without (BD) or with (BD6) hexyl side chains – are studied. The resulting device data for fabricated solar cells, across a range of processing conditions, is compared to thin-film morphology, spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and molecular dynamics simulations. Two device states of higher and lower performance, depending on the casting solvent, are obtained for the molecule without the side chains (BD); both states have amorphous mesoscale structure, but show subtle differences in the nanoscale phase separation. In contrast, for the molecule with side chains (BD6) devices have highly variable reproducibility and middling efficiency and photocurrent. The BD6 donor exhibits lower miscibility with PCBM, which correlates with the formation of a donor-enriched layer on the surface of the solar cell.
Relation of exaggerated cytokine responses of CF airway epithelial cells to PAO1 adherence (2005)

In many model systems, cystic fibrosis (CF) phenotype airway epithelial cells in culture respond to P. aeruginosa with greater interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-6 secretion than matched controls. In order to test whether this excess inflammatory response results from the reported increased adherence of P. aeruginosa to the CF cells, we compared the inflammatory response of matched pairs of CF and non CF airway epithelial cell lines to the binding of GFP-PAO1, a strain of pseudomonas labeled with green fluorescent protein. There was no clear relation between GFP-PAO1 binding and cytokine production in response to PAO1. Treatment with exogenous aGM1 resulted in greater GFP-PAO1 binding to the normal phenotype compared to CF phenotype cells, but cytokine production remained greater from the CF cell lines. When cells were treated with neuraminidase, PAO1 adherence was equalized between CF and nonCF phenotype cell lines, but IL-8 production in response to inflammatory stimuli was still greater in CF phenotype cells. The polarized cell lines 16HBEo-Sense (normal phenotype) and Antisense (CF phenotype) cells were used to test the effect of disrupting tight junctions, which allows access of PAO1 to basolateral binding sites in both cell lines. IL-8 production increased from CF, but not normal, cells. These data indicate that increased bacterial binding to CF phenotype cells cannot by itself account for excess cytokine production in CF airway epithelial cells, encourage investigation of alternative hypotheses, and signal caution for therapeutic strategies proposed for CF that include disruption of tight junctions in the face of pseudomonas infection.
A new method of determining the parting surfaces of injection molds. (1990)

Currently, when a designer thinks about the shape of an object to be manufactured by injection molding, he must consider the location of the objects parting lines. We have developed a technique which frees the designer of the need to consider parting lines, and thus design more aesthetically pleasing objects. After the object has been designed, the mold designer determines the points on the surface of the object at which normal vectors are perpendicular to the direction of movement of the mold. The parting line is then determined by interpolating these points. This technique allows parting surfaces to be finished with a clearance of less than 0.02 mm. The technique was developed after a thorough analysis of the relation between the ball endmill and the parting surfaces, the results of which suggest that current thinking in this area is only partially correct.
Advances in Parabolic Trough Solar Power Technology (2002)

Parabolic trough solar technology is the most proven and lowest cost large-scale solar power technology available today, primarily because of the nine large commercial-scale solar power plants that are operating in the California Mojave Desert. These plants, developed by Luz International Limited and referred to as Solar Electric Generating Systems (SEGS), range in size from 14–80 MW and represent 354 MW of installed electric generating capacity. More than 2,000,000m2 of parabolic trough collector technology has been operating daily for up to 18 years, and as the year 2001 ended, these plants had accumulated 127 years of operational experience. The Luz collector technology has demonstrated its ability to operate in a commercial power plant environment like no other solar technology in the world. Although no new plants have been built since 1990, significant advancements in collector and plant design have been made possible by the efforts of the SEGS plants operators, the parabolic trough industry, and solar research laboratories around the world. This paper reviews the current state of the art of parabolic trough solar power technology and describes the R&amp;D efforts that are in progress to enhance this technology. The paper also shows how the economics of future parabolic trough solar power plants are expected to improve.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring‐Expansion Protocol: Preparation of Synthetically Versatile Dihydrotropones. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
OS2010 Deformation Behavior of Low Index Planes of Mg Single Crystal by Ball Indenter (2011)

A steel ball was used as an isotropic indenter, and the ball indenter was introduced on the low index planes in the Mg single crystal. The deformation structures around and under the indentation, such as slip lines and twins, were investigated. The indentations on (101^^-0) and (12^^-10) depend on the crystal orientation, and they show the elliptic morphology which is much different from the indentation on (0001). Under the indentation, many twins crossing each other, and all of them were {101^^-2} twin. In addition, the width of the distribution of the twins under the indentation also depends on the activation of basal slips.
Presence and Effects of the Dog Louse Trichodectes canis (Mallophaga, Trichodectidae) on Wolves and Coyotes from Minnesota and Wisconsin (1985)

L. David Mech, Richard P. Thiel, S. H. Fritts, W. E. Berg, Presence and Effects of the Dog Louse Trichodectes canis (Mallophaga, Trichodectidae) on Wolves and Coyotes from Minnesota and Wisconsin, The American Midland Naturalist, Vol. 114, No. 2 (Oct., 1985), pp. 404-405