gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using chlorine demand TO PREDICT TTHM and HAA9 formation (2002)

Because of an increasing need to balance health risks for pathogen control and disinfection by‐product (DBP) formation in water supplies, utilities are forced to closely examine and optimize their disinfection practices. The authors provide a simple mechanistic model to predict total trihalomethane (TTHM) and the sum of nine haloacetic acids (HAA9) formation based on chlorine demand. To evaluate this modeling approach, eight Missouri surface waters (raw and alum‐treated) were used in DBP formation and chlorine decay kinetic studies. A parallel first‐order reaction model was used to fit the chlorine decay data, and the model coefficients were used to predict THM and HAA formation. Yield coefficients for TTHMs and HAA9 were obtained from fitting the DBP kinetic data. On average, the TTHM and HAA9 yield coefficients for all raw surface waters tested were about 40 μg TTHM/mg Cl 2 and 25 μg HAA9/mg Cl 2 consumed, respectively. In waters subjected to alum coagulation, the average TTHM and HAA9 yield coefficients were 30 μg TTHM/mg Cl 2 and 17 μg HAA9/mg Cl 2 consumed, respectively. The DBP predictive model introduced in this study provided a simple, reliable basis to evaluate treatment options by focusing on chlorine demand. This model can be readily calibrated to local conditions.
Mechanical Properties of HIPed Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-Based Materials for High-Temperature Long-Term Applications (1993)

The influence of small addition of selected oxide additives and brittle SiC-phases of various morphologies on the mechanical behavior of high-purity Si3N4 has been investigated. Dense monolithic (doped with SiO2, Y2O3 or Yb2O3) and composite bodies (containing SiC whiskers or platelets) were obtained by hot-isostatic-press (HIP) sintering via glass-encapsulation and tested from room-temperature to 1400°C in comparison with the additive-free Si3N4. A remarkable increase in toughness was obtained only by doping with 1.7vol% Y2O3 or Yb2O3 (the largest amount added in the present investigation), or by dispersing 25vol% of SiC platelets. The mechanical performance at 1400°C was evaluated with emphasis on the time-dependent strength and deformation behavior. Two different trends were recognized: (1) the materials containing only SiO2 at grain boundaries including composites showed linear strength behaviors and the critical phenomenon for strength degradation at 1400°C was the subcritical crack growth from pre-existing defects. (2) doping with oxide additives led to significant reduction of flaw sensitivity due to crack-tip blunting/healing mechanism concurrently, however, with marked degradation of the deformation resistance. Among the tested materials, the one containing 25vol% SiC platelets showed a combination of properties convenient for long-term high-temperature applications: a fracture resistance comparable with that of materials containing additives as well as a superior time-dependent strength and deformation behaviors up to 1400°C.
Histidine detection and estimation in urine (1940)

Research Article| January 01 1940 Histidine detection and estimation in urine E. Racker E. Racker 1The Biochemical Laboratory, Cardiff City Mental Hospital Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1940) 34 (1): 89–96. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0340089 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation E. Racker; Histidine detection and estimation in urine. Biochem J 1 January 1940; 34 (1): 89–96. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0340089 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1940 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1940 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Correction: A patient-derived xenograft pre-clinical trial reveals treatment responses and a resistance mechanism to karonudib in metastatic melanoma (2020)

On Pubmed, the name of co-author Roger Olofsson Bagge appeared incorrectly as “Bagge RO” instead of “Olofsson Bagge, Roger”. This has been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions.
Association of Dopamine Agonist Use With Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson Disease (2006)

Patients with PD treated with a dopamine agonist should be made aware of the risk of developing an ICD and monitored clinically. Because dopamine agonists are increasingly being used for other indications, future research should assess the dopamine agonist-associated risk for ICDs in other populations.
Digital holographic optical coherence imaging of tumor tissue (2006)

Holographic Optical Coherence Imaging (OCI) uses spatial heterodyne detection in direct analogy with the temporal heterodyne detection of time-domain OCT. The spatial demodulator can be a sensitive dynamic holographic film or can be a CCD array placed directly at the hologram plane. We show that a digital hologram captured at the Fourier plane requires only a simple 2D inverse FFT of the digital hologram to compute the real image and its conjugate. Our recording on the optical Fourier plane has an advantage for diffuse targets because the intensity distribution of diffuse targets is relatively uniform at the Fourier plane and hence uses the full dynamic range of CCD camera. We applied this technique to human liver tumor spheroids and produced depth-resolved images to depth of 1.4 mm.
Molecular characterization and expression analysis of pathogenesis related protein 6 from Panax ginseng (2017)

Panax ginseng Meyer is one of the important medicinal plants in the world, particularly in Asian countries. Ginseng encounters many stress exposure during its long cultivation period. However, the molecular mechanism of stress resistance is still poorly understood in spite of its importance. In this study, pathogenesis-related protein 6 (PR6), also called proteinase inhibitor (PI), was isolated from ginseng embryogenic callus, named PgPR6. The small size of PR6, containing an open reading frame of 219 bp encoding 72 amino acids, the typical characteristic of PR6 protein, shares the highest sequence similarity to PR6 of Theobroma cacao (69% identity). Sequence and structural analysis indicated that PgPR6 belongs to class Kunitz-type PI family. This is the first report pertaining to the identification of PR6 gene from the P. ginseng genome. The high-level expression of PgPR6 was observed in root as revealed by quantitative real-time PCR. The temporal expression analysis demonstrated that PgPR6 expression was highly up-regulated by signaling molecules, heavy metals, mechanical wounding, chilling, salt, sucrose, and mannitol stress, indicating that PgPR6 may play an important role in the molecular defense response of ginseng to a various range of environmental stresses.
Complement C3 and C-reactive protein levels in patients with stable coronary artery disease (2005)

The aim of this study was to determine whether complement C3 is an indicator of coronary artery disease (CAD). We measured plasma C3 and CRP levels in 278 patients undergoing coronary angiography for typical symptoms of CAD and 269 healthy age and sex matched controls. C3 levels were significantly higher in patients compared with controls (1.15 g/l and 0.92 g/l respectively; p<0.001). In the patient group, C3 levels correlated with BMI, fasting glucose, HbA1c, fibrinogen, CRP and HDL in both men and women. CRP levels were also higher in patients compared with controls (1.14 mg/l and 0.86 mg/l respectively; p=0.005) and correlated with markers of the metabolic syndrome. In a logistic regression model including C3, smoking, hypertension, cholesterol and diabetes, C3 was independently associated with CAD with an odds ratio of 3.20 for a 1 SD increase in C3 levels. In contrast, CRP was not independently associated with CAD in a similar regression analysis. In conclusion, both C3 and CRP plasma levels are elevated in patients with symptoms of CAD. However, C3 seems to be a better indicator of CAD than CRP in this study, suggesting that C3 could be an additional marker for risk stratification in atherosclerosis.
A New Reduced Switch-Count Configuration for Regenerative Cascaded H-Bridge Converter (2020)

Addition of regenerative capability in high power motor drives have become essential to increase energy efficiency of these systems. To have economic regenerative cascaded H-bridge motor drive, reduction of its switch count has gained the research attention recently in order to have more suitable-sized and more economical drives.This paper proposes a new reduced switch-count power cell configuration for regenerative cascaded H-bridge (CHB) converters. In this cell, four-switch three-phase inverter (FSTPI) is used as the active front-end rectifier instead of the conventional six-switch three-phase inverter. Four-switch three-phase inverter is a common economic solution for the low voltage drives. The proposed cell configuration performance is verified by simulation of a reduced switch-count nine-level CHB. The simulation studies are based on a motor load with both motoring and regeneration operations. The results proves the CHB drive with proposed cell configuration to exhibit promising performance and can offer a cost-effective reduced-switch count regenerative CHB drives.
Epicardial irrigated radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation in CABG and aortic valve patients (2007)

Objective: A significant number of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/or aortic valve replacement (AVR) have chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety, effectiveness and feasibility of epicardial radiofrequency ablation, used as concomitant procedure to CABG and/or AVR.
ChemInform Abstract: HEAT CAPACITY CHANGES IN PROTON ADDITION TO THE NITROGEN OF SATURATED ORGANIC MOLECULES IN WATER. EFFECTS OF SOLVATION (1979)

Abstract Für die Aminoalkohole, ‐ether und Diamine (I)‐(VI) wurden die ΔC o p ‐Werte der Protonierung bei 25 und 40°C bestimmt.
Binding of DNA Nucleobases and Nucleosides with Graphene (2008)

Interaction of two different samples of graphene with DNA nucleobases and nucleosides is investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry. The relative interaction energies of the nucleobases decrease in the order guanine (G)>adenine (A)>cytosine (C)>thymine (T) in aqueous solutions, although the positions of C and T seem to be interchangeable. The same trend is found with the nucleosides. Interaction energies of the A-T and G-C pairs are somewhere between those of the constituent bases. Theoretical calculations including van der Waals interaction and solvation energies give the trend G>A approximately T>C. The magnitudes of the interaction energies of the nucleobases with graphene are similar to those found with single-walled carbon nanotubes.
Domain-driven models yield better predictions at lower cost than reservoir computers in Lorenz systems (2021)

Recent advances in computing algorithms and hardware have rekindled interest in developing high-accuracy, low-cost <i>surrogate</i> models for simulating physical systems. The idea is to replace expensive numerical integration of complex coupled partial differential equations at fine time scales performed on supercomputers, with machine-learned surrogates that efficiently and accurately forecast future system states using data sampled from the underlying system. One particularly popular technique being explored within the weather and climate modelling community is the <i>echo state network</i> (ESN), an attractive alternative to other well-known deep learning architectures. Using the classical Lorenz 63 system, and the three tier multi-scale Lorenz 96 system (Thornes T, Duben P, Palmer T. 2017 <i>Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.</i> <b>143</b>, 897-908. (doi:10.1002/qj.2974)) as benchmarks, we realize that previously studied state-of-the-art ESNs operate in two distinct regimes, corresponding to low and high spectral radius (LSR/HSR) for the sparse, randomly generated, reservoir recurrence matrix. Using knowledge of the mathematical structure of the Lorenz systems along with systematic ablation and hyperparameter sensitivity analyses, we show that state-of-the-art LSR-ESNs reduce to a polynomial regression model which we call Domain-Driven Regularized Regression (D2R2). Interestingly, D2R2 is a generalization of the well-known SINDy algorithm (Brunton SL, Proctor JL, Kutz JN. 2016 <i>Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA</i> <b>113</b>, 3932-3937. (doi:10.1073/pnas.1517384113)). We also show experimentally that LSR-ESNs (Chattopadhyay A, Hassanzadeh P, Subramanian D. 2019 (http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.08829)) outperform HSR ESNs (Pathak J, Hunt B, Girvan M, Lu Z, Ott E. 2018 <i>Phys. Rev. Lett.</i> <b>120</b>, 024102. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.024102)) while D2R2 dominates both approaches. A significant goal in constructing surrogates is to cope with barriers to scaling in weather prediction and simulation of dynamical systems that are imposed by time and energy consumption in supercomputers. <i>Inexact computing</i> has emerged as a novel approach to helping with scaling. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of three models (LSR-ESN, HSR-ESN and D2R2) by varying the precision or word size of the computation as our inexactness-controlling parameter. For precisions of 64, 32 and 16 bits, we show that, surprisingly, the least expensive D2R2 method yields the most robust results and the greatest savings compared to ESNs. Specifically, D2R2 achieves 68 × in computational savings, with an additional 2 × if precision reductions are also employed, outperforming ESN variants by a large margin. This article is part of the theme issue 'Machine learning for weather and climate modelling'.
La incidencia del modelo de Estado en el sistema de financiación autonómica (1997)

(*) Este trabajo ha sido presentado como ponencia en el «I Congreso de Ciencia regional de Andalucia» celebrado del 23 al 25 de abril de 1997. (1) Relacion resaltada por Sevilla Segura, que considerando que la clarificacion del modelo politico es previa y determinante del modelo financiero, propone: «desarrollese clara y coherentemente la estructura politica del Estado prevista en la Constitucion y el modelo financiero sera una simple consecuencia». Y, al respecto, no duda en afirmar que «en la medida en que la organizacion politico-administrativa de un pais deviene abierta y plural, el unico modelo financiero compatible con dicha organizacion es el descentralizado» (MARTIN-RETORTILLO BAQUER Y MARTINEZ LAFUENTE (dir.): «Consideraciones en torno al modelo de financiacion autonomica», Estudios de Derecho y Hacienda, vol. II, Ministerio de Economia y Hacienda, Madrid, 1987, pags. 1339 y 1350). Asi, para Calvo Ortega el problema de caracter politico que plantea la financiacion de las regiones «consiste en conocer cual de las diferentes alternativas de financiacion es la que mejor se adapta a una situacion y un modelo politico dados» («La financiacion de las regiones», Autonomias regionales, Presidencia del Gobierno, 1977, pag. 451).
Lanthanide-Doped Hafnia Nanoparticles for Multimodal Theranostics: Tailoring the Physicochemical Properties and Interactions with Biological Entities (2018)

High-Z metal oxide nanoparticles hold promise as imaging probes and radio-enhancers. Hafnium dioxide nanoparticles have recently entered clinical evaluation. Despite promising early clinical findings, the potential of HfO<sub>2</sub> as a matrix for multimodal theranostics is yet to be developed. Here, we investigate the physicochemical properties and the potential of HfO<sub>2</sub>-based nanoparticles for multimodal theranostic imaging. Undoped and lanthanide (Eu<sup>3+</sup>, Tb<sup>3+</sup>, and Gd<sup>3+</sup>)-doped HfO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles were synthesized and functionalized with various moieties including poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), and folic acid (FA). We show that different synthesis routes, including direct precipitation, microwave-assisted synthesis, and sol-gel chemistry, allow preparation of hafnium dioxide particles with distinct physicochemical properties. Sol-gel based synthesis allows preparation of uniform nanoparticles with dopant incorporation efficiencies superior to the other two methods. Both luminescence and contrast properties can be tweaked by lanthanide doping. We show that MRI contrast can be unified with radio-enhancement by incorporating lanthanide dopants in the HfO<sub>2</sub> matrix. Importantly, ion leaching from the HfO<sub>2</sub> host matrix in lysosomal-like conditions was minimal. For Gd:HfO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles, leaching was reduced >10× compared to Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and no relevant cytotoxic effects have been observed in monocyte-derived macrophages for nanoparticle concentrations up to 250 μg/mL. Chemical surface modification allows further tailoring of the cyto- and hemocompatibility and enables functionalization with molecular targeting entities, which lead to enhanced cellular uptake. Taken together, the present study illustrates the manifold properties of HfO<sub>2</sub>-based nanomaterials with prospective clinical utility beyond radio-enhancement.
Rate and timing in cortical synaptic plasticity (2002)

Debate has raged over the past few years as to whether cortical neurons transmit information primarily in their average firing rates or in the precise timing of their spikes. Here, we address the related question of which features of spike trains control plasticity at cortical synapses. Using paired recording in slices we have developed a quantitative and predictive description of the joint dependence of cortical plasticity on the rate and relative timing of pre- and postsynaptic firing. The results hold important implications for which parts of the neural code are most readily stored for later retrieval.
Campylobacter cinaedi (sp. nov.) and Campylobacter fennelliae (sp, nov.): Two New Campylobacter Species Associated with Enteric Disease in Homosexual Men (1985)

In a recent study in Seattle, we isolated Campylobacter-like organisms (CLOs) significantly more often from homosexual men with intestinal symptoms than from asymptomatic heterosexual and homosexual control subjects. Biochemical tests, morphology, and guanine-plus-cytosine content of whole-cell DNA showed that these organisms were similar to, but distinguishable from, other species in the genus Campylobacter. DNA homology tests showed that the Campylobacter-like organisms belong to four unique genetic groups, two of which were phenotypically identical. We developed a rapid screening test to genetically group these organisms and to assess the correlation of each genotype with enteric disease in homosexual men. Three of the four CLO groups were isolated only from men with proctitis, proctocolitis, and/or enteritis. The remaining group, isolated from both symptomatic and asymptomatic homosexual men, was significantly correlated with the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the rectal secretions of asymptomatic men, a finding that suggests subclinical disease. We have tentatively classified two of the CLO groups into species, Campylobacter cinaedi sp. nov. and Campylobacter fennelliae sp. nov.
A low power CMOS SAW-less quad band WCDMA/HSPA/1X/EGPRS transmitter (2008)

In this paper we present a multi-band CMOS transmitter for cellular applications. The transmitter covers a wide range of frequency bands and it is designed to minimize power consumption in order to increase hand-set talk-time. The output noise performance allows the removal of SAW for certain W-CDMA and CDMA bands; moreover it can be configured to be used for SAW-less GSM/EDGE operations while maintaining an excellent linearity.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) induces cytotoxicity of T-helper cells. (2009)

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has gained plenty of attention because of its adjuvant capability to induce CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte and CD4(+) T-helper cell responses. We investigated the behavior of T-cell subsets stimulated with endotoxin-free HSP70 with respect to proliferation, cytokine expression, cytotoxicity against allogeneic B-lymphoblastoid cell line and K562 cells, as well as target-independent cytotoxicity. CD4(+) cells exhibited a strong increase in proliferation after stimulation with HSP70 (29%). In the presence of targets, a 35-fold up-regulation of granzyme B was observed after stimulation of CD4(+) T cells with HSP70 in combination with interleukin-7 (IL-7)/IL-12/IL-15. The target cell-independent secretion of granzyme B by CD4(+) cells was greatly augmented after stimulation with HSP70 plus IL-2 or IL-7/IL-12/IL-15. In this study, we showed that HSP70 is capable of inducing a cytotoxic response of T-helper cells in the absence of lipopolysaccharide. The granzyme B secretion and cytolytic activity of T-helper cells are induced in a target-independent way, whereas the cytotoxic activity of CD3(+) and CD8(+) T cells can be further enhanced in the presence of target cells. Our data provide novel insights into the role of extracellular HSP70 on T-cell immune response concerning the induction of target-independent T-helper cell cytotoxicity. PMID: 19018093
Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples by polymerase chain reaction using a simplified procedure (1993)

A repetitive sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), from sputum samples, for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. The method of heating the sample in a boiling water bath to break down the bacterial cell wall and to release the DNA was compared with that of enzymatic lysis of bacteria and then phenol-chloroform extraction of DNA. Heating the sample was the better method with a sensitivity of approximately 10 microorganisms. A total of 78 sputum specimens prepared by heating were examined by PCR, and the results were compared with the results of acid-fast stained smears, cultures, and clinical data. M. tuberculosis was detected by PCR in all smear- and culture-positive and smear-negative, culture-positive cases. Additionally, PCR was capable of detecting four of nine cases which were smear and culture negative but clinically suspected of tuberculosis. DNA amplification by PCR is a sensitive and specific method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, and with this simplified DNA isolation procedure it can be used in routine clinical practice.