gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copyright and digital libraries (1995)

This issue of Communications highlights some of the many projects underway for the creation or enhancement of digital libraries. At the moment, no one seems to think there will be only one gargantuan digital library to sate the public's appetite for information. Rather, the expectation is that there will be many digital libraries, most of which will have specialized collections and will be internetworked together in a way loosely resembling today's Internet. Most digital library project planners are aware there are intellectual property issues that must be resolved in order to successfully deploy their libraries. Some proposals for digital library projects express an intent to resolve intellectual property issues as part of the overall plan for the library, albeit without much specificity about how this would be achieved in their systems [2, 4].
Determination of cholesterol in human hair using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (2006)

This work describes a sensitive method for determining cholesterol in human hair using GC-MS. In this study, we used a very small amount of hair, only 1 mg, to quantify cholesterol. We also can achieve more effective purification and a good recovery over 92% with solid-phase extraction using an Oasis HLB cartridge. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy values were less than 7.08%. Cholesterol was determined to be in the range of 355-1693 microg/g in healthy human hair. We tested the concentration correlation between the serum and hair to examine the feasibility of using the hair cholesterol level as an index of the serum cholesterol level. The correlation between the serum cholesterol was 0.86 (r-value) in patients with hypercholesterolemia. This finding indicates that, in the clinical field, hair could replace serum in cholesterol level measurement.
Electrical uncoupling and increase of extracellular resistance after induction of ischemia in isolated, arterially perfused rabbit papillary muscle. (1987)

Extracellular and intracellular longitudinal resistances (ro and ri), transmembrane potentials, and conduction velocity were determined in arterially blood-perfused rabbit papillary muscles. Cable analysis was made possible by placing the muscle in a H2O-saturated gaseous environment, which acted as an electrical insulator. Ischemia was produced by exchanging the O2 in the atmosphere by N2 (94% N2-6% CO2) in addition to arresting coronary flow. The first 10-15 minutes of ischemia were characterized by an increase in ro, while ri remained constant. The early part of the increase in ro coincided with the drop in perfusion pressure and was probably due to the diminution of intravascular volume. Rapid electrical uncoupling, reflected by an increase in ri (threefold within 5 minutes), occurred thereafter. The dissociation between the early increase in ro and the delayed increase in ri produced an initial increase in the ratio ro:ri, which subsequently decreased. The decrease in conduction velocity was less than observed in intact hearts with ischemia. This difference is explained by the relatively small changes in resting membrane potential and action potential amplitude in the preparation used. Our results suggest that in the early, reversible phase of ischemia, the increase in ro contributes to a small but significant extent to the slowing of conduction. After 15-20 minutes, the rapid cellular uncoupling, which was most likely coincident with breakdown of cellular homeostasis, may contribute to the occurrence of arrhythmias during this phase of ischemia. Moreover, the early change in the ratio ro:ri will influence the amplitude of the extracellular electrograms following coronary occlusion (TQ-segment and ST-segment shifts).
Heterogeneity of ventricular repolarisation morphology measured using orthogonal time-scale decomposition of the surface ECG (2003)

Recent findings on the contribution of cardiac M-cells in the ventricular repolarization abnormalities generate new interest for analyzing the T-wave morphology. Spatial heterogeneity of the morphology of T-wave may reflect the non-uniform recovery of ventricular excitability contributing to lower threshold for ventricular arrhythmias. The authors investigated a new approach for the analysis of the repolarization based on an orthogonal wavelet transformation of the ventricular repolarization. An index of morphological dissimilarity (IMD) measuring the differences in the distribution of energy in time and frequency domains was used to identify changes in the repolarization process. This method was evaluated under simulated condition and then applied to three populations of healthy subjects, LQTS carriers and non-carriers. The results have shown that IMD parameter is able to quantify morphological changes between leads and have an increase value when T-wave is biphasic, has notches or a U wave. Baseline wandering was not affecting IMD but noise level was increasing IMD values mainly for low-amplitude T-waves. IMD was higher in carrier LQTS patients than in non-carriers (9.5/spl plusmn/2.6 mV/sup 2/ vs. 5.0/spl plusmn/3.6 mV/sup 2/, p<0.0001) indicating that our method could be a new non-invasive parameter for quantifying abnormalities of the repolarization segment.
Effect of prior exposure to a lithium- and an amphetamine-paired flavor on the acoustic startle response in rats. (2007)

The experiments reported here evaluated the hypothesis that an amphetamine-paired flavor elicits conditioned fear-arousal, whereas a lithium-paired flavor elicits conditioned nausea-disgust by examining the effect of prior flavor exposure on an acoustic startle reaction (ASR). Exposure to a lithium-paired flavor by intraoral infusion, either immediately prior to a startle session (Experiment 1) or during a startle session (Experiments 2 and 3), resulted in a blunted ASR. In contrast, intraoral infusion of an amphetamine-paired flavor resulted in a potentiated ASR. The blunted ASR produced by exposure to a lithium-paired flavor dramatically reversed to a potentiated ASR when rats were pretreated with the antiemetic drug ondansetron prior to the saccharin-lithium pairing (Experiment 3). The findings shed light on a mechanism by which rewarding drugs produce conditioned taste avoidance in rats.
Fabrication and degradation characteristic of sputtered iridium oxide neural microelectrodes for FES application (2014)

This paper shows the fabrication process of the reactively sputtered iridium oxide film (SIROF) microelectrodes under different oxygen flows and characters the electrochemical performances of the iridium oxide neural microelectrodes which are suffered from stimulus-evoked degradation. The SIROF microelectrodes prepared under 25 sccm oxygen flow shows the least degradation from continuous electrical stimulation (two million phases). That the charge storage capacity is only decreased by 9.6 % and the 1 kHz impedance is only increased by 4.23 %. Hence, the 25 sccm one can be an ideal microelectrode modification material for electrical stimulation with the least degradation.
A comparison of propositionalization strategies for creating features from linked open data (2014)

Abstract. Linked Open Data has been recognized as a valuable source for background information in data mining. However, most data min-ing tools require features in propositional form, i.e., binary, nominal or numerical features associated with an instance, while Linked Open Data sources are usually graphs by nature. In this paper, we compare different strategies for creating propositional features from Linked Open Data (a process called propositionalization), and present experiments on different tasks, i.e., classification, regression, and outlier detection. We show that the choice of the strategy can have a strong influence on the results.
A measurement study of available bandwidth estimation tools (2003)

Available bandwidth estimation is useful for route selection in overlay networks, QoS verification, and traffic engineering. Recent years have seen a surge in interest in available bandwidth estimation. A few tools have been proposed and evaluated in simulation and over a limited number of Internet paths, but there is still great uncertainty in the performance of these tools over the Internet at large.This paper introduces Spruce, a simple, light-weight tool for measuring available bandwidth, and compares it with two existing tools, IGI and Pathload, over 400 different Internet paths. The comparison focuses on accuracy, failure patterns, probe overhead, and implementation issues. The paper verifies the measured available bandwidth by comparing it to Multi-Router Traffic Grapher (MRTG) data and by measuring how each tool responds to induced changes in available bandwidth.The measurements show that Spruce is more accurate than Pathload and IGI. Pathload tends to overestimate the available bandwidth whereas IGI becomes insensitive when the bottleneck utilization is large.
OBTAINING SKID NUMBER AT ANY SPEED FROM TEST AT SINGLE SPEED (1988)

This paper reports the results of a set of tests from New York, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Florida that were used to correlate skid number (SN) measurements made with ASTM ribbed and blank tires with SN data recorded at any speed (in other words, the calculation of SN at any speed from the determination of the SN/zero speed intercept and percent normalized gradient). Correlations were made with actual data at three or four speeds. Similarly, SN/zero speed intercept and percent normalized gradient were determined from transient tests of a ribbed-tire run at a single speed, and these results were correlated with the actual speed data. It was found that a transient skid test made with a ribbed tire at 40 or 50 mph, or a locked-wheel test with both the ribbed and blank tire at 40 mph, produced excellent results. SN could be calculated over a range of 20 to 60 mph with a correlation better than 0.96 and as high as 0.99.
Synthesis and x-ray structure of a symmetrical bis(.eta.5-dicarbollide) aluminum sandwich (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and x-ray structure of a symmetrical bis(.eta.5-dicarbollide) aluminum sandwichMarc A. Bandman, Carolyn B. Knobler, and M. Frederick HawthorneCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 14, 2399–2400Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00287a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (293 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Comparing the Influence of Mn and Fe Content on the Fracture of a AA6XXX Series Alloy in Different Aged States (2006)

The objective of this study was to investigate and compare the influence of Mn and Fe additions on the fracture behaviour of AA6000 series alloys in under, peak and overaged conditions. Testing was completed under uniaxial tension and the microstructures of the alloys were observed using optical and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Alloys with very low levels of both Mn and Fe underwent a transition from transgranular to intergranular fracture and a reduction in strain-tofracture when heat treated from the under aged (UA) to peak aged (PA) condition. Increasing Mn and Fe content prevents this transition in fracture mode such that the stain-to-fracture is similar in the UA and PA states. Despite the change in fracture mode, when comparing the strain-to-fracture for a given ageing condition, increasing Fe systematically reduces the strain-to-fracture. Conversely, increases in Mn systematically increase the strain-to-fracture for a given ageing condition.
The Role of Blood Impulse in Cerebral Aneurysm Coil Compaction: Effect of Aneurysm Neck Size (2003)

Endovascular occlusion of cerebral aneurysms with bare platinum detachable coils is now recognized as preferable to surgical clipping (ISUIA Group, 2003, ISAT Group, 2002, Bavinzski et al, 1995, Thornton et al, 2002). Dependent on coil packing density (the ratio of the coil volume deposited in an aneurysm to that of the aneurysm volume), aneurysm location, size and neck width, coil compaction with recanalization of the aneurysm remains in the long-term a major concern. The aneurysm neck size is reported to be the main predictor for aneurysm recanalization (Fernandez-Zubillaga et al, 1994). The forces exerted on the coil mass at the aneurysm neck due to blood pulsatility are larger for wide neck aneurysms as compared to small neck aneurysms (Bavinzski et al, 1995). However, impingement forces have not been evaluated. We evaluated the force impinging on the aneurysm neck in a simplified aneurysm (basilar top) geometry utilizing the impulse-momentum equation and Womersley’s flow. Maximum impingement force as a function of aneurysm neck to parent lumen diameter ratio varies as a sigmoid curve. Analysis of the hemodynamic forces affecting coil compaction in cerebral aneurysms shows that the coil mass at the aneurysm neck may be subjected to cyclic impulse impingement due to redirection of blood momentum. Orientation of the aneurysm neck and the main axis of the aneurysm in relation to the oncoming parent vessel flow may help clinicians predict the risk of coil compaction and the location of subsequent aneurysm recanalization.
Design and Testing of a Novel Slot Retractor for Neonatal Frenotomy (2016)

A new slot retractor for frenotomy has been developed that offers a unique design that will lead to fewer complications and allow primary care physicians (neonatologists, pediatricians, family physicians) to perform frenotomy in the nursery or office. The novel 3-dimensional printed retractor has side walls for better tissue protection, a built-in slot, and an ergonomic handle. An efficacy and safety study was conducted with 43 infants with the newly designed slot retractor. Results showed that there were no partial divisions at discharge; all babies were able to breastfeed almost immediately after frenotomy and continued to breastfeed until hospital discharge, and there were no adverse events.
Osteoclast inhibition impairs chondrosarcoma growth and bone destruction (2014)

Because Chondrosarcoma is resistant to available chemotherapy and radiation regimens, wide resection is the mainstay in treatment, which frequently results in high morbidity and which may not prevent local recurrence. There is a clear need for improved adjuvant treatment of this malignancy. We have observed the presence of osteoclasts in the microenvironment of chondrosarcoma in human pathological specimens. We utilized the Swarm rat chondrosarcoma (SRC) model to test the hypothesis that osteoclasts affect chondrosarcoma pathogenesis. We implanted SRC tumors in tibia of Sprague-Dawley rats and analyzed bone histologically and radiographically for bone destruction and tumor growth. At three weeks, tumors invaded local bone causing cortical disruption and trabecular resorption. Bone destruction was accompanied by increased osteoclast number and resorbed bone surface. Treatment of rats with the zoledronic acid prevented cortical destruction, inhibited trabecular resorption, and resulted in decreased tumor volume in bone. To confirm that inhibition of osteoclasts per se, and not off-target effects of drug, was responsible for the prevention of tumor growth and bone destruction, we implanted SRC into osteopetrotic rat tibia. SRC-induced bone destruction and tumor growth were impaired in osteopetrotic bone compared with control bone. The results from our animal model demonstrate that osteoclasts contribute to chondrosarcoma-mediated bone destruction and tumor growth and may represent a therapeutic target in particular chondrosarcoma patients.
An Ectosteric Inhibitor of Cathepsin K Inhibits Bone Resorption in Ovariectomized Mice (2019)

The authors wish to acknowledge that an error was made in 1, where portions of one panel in Fig. 2A appear to be duplicated in Fig. 3F. This error has now been corrected in the revised Fig. 3 below, and the authors regret any confusion and inconvenience this may have caused the readers of JBMR.
Front Cover Image (2021)

Two‐dimensional van der Waals heterostructures possess potentials of atomic‐layer thick p‐n junctions for ultrathin optoelectronics. The tungsten diselenide becomes one of the most important building blocks because of its p‐type charge carrier conductivity. To date, strict monolayer tungsten diselenide film is still required. Jinbo Pang, Hong Liu, Gianaurelio Cuniberti and Mark H. Rummeli reported a synthesis approach to achieve monolayer tungsten diselenide with sub‐1 cm homogeneity, titled High‐performance electronics and optoelectronics of monolayer tungsten diselenide full film from pre‐seeding strategy (DOI: 10.1002/inf2.12259 ). In this cover, tungsten oxides were first deposited over the substrates by dip‐coating methods (top right). Then, tungsten oxides nanoparticles act as heterogeneous nucleation sites, which transform to tungsten diselenide upon selenization and grow to form larger individual grains (Middle left). After the incorporation of tungsten oxides and selenium vapor sources, WSe 2 domains continue to increase and coalesce into seamless full‐coverage monolayer film (bottom background), featured self‐limiting mechanism. image
Activation of guanylate cyclase by streptozotocin and 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea. (1977)

Streptozotocin has been shown to induce the production of a variety of tumors in rats. The present report demonstrates that streptozotocin and 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea, a component of the streptozotocin molecule and a known carcinogen, stimulate the enzyme guanylate cyclase which catalyzes the production of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate. At a maximal concentration of 3 mg/ml, these agents activated guanylate cyclase approximately 30-fold in liver, 20-fold in kidney, 15-fold in cerebellum. 15- to 30-fold in cerebrum, 4- to 20-fold inheart, 12-fold in brain stem, 10-fold in lung, and 2-fold in pancreas. Since recent evidence suggests a role for guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate in malignant transformation, the data may help explain the tumor-inducing capacity of these agents.
Effect of spermatozoa selection on a simplified percoll gradient in case of asthenozoospermia (2009)

Two methods for preparing semen (Swim-up migration and centrifugation on a two step density Percoll gradient) were tested in 21 cases of asthenozoospermia (motility less than 30%). The parameters of sperm movement were studied through automated videomicrographic analysis. In 9 cases out of 21 swim-up migration failed while centrifugation on a Percoll gradient failed in only 1 case out of 21.
Methyldichlorophosphine, a Versatile Starting Material for Flame Retardants and Performance Chemicals (1999)

Abstract A status report on the chemistry of methyldichlorophosphine derivatives is given with regard to their technical and semi-technical production and application. New applications for oxaphospholane as a flame retardant are shown. The synthesis as well as the flame retardant properties of the aluminium salt of methylethyl-phosphinic acid are described. Keywords:: Methylphosphonous dichlorideflame retardantphosphinic acid derivatives
Pectin Production, Pilot Plant Production of Low-Methoxyl Pectin from Citrus Peel (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPectin Production, Pilot Plant Production of Low-Methoxyl Pectin from Citrus PeelR. P. Graham and A. D. ShepherdCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1953, 1, 16, 993–1001Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60016a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60016a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views380Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Approximate svBRDF Estimation From Mobile Phone Video (2018)

We describe a new technique for obtaining a spatially varying BRDF (svBRDF) of a flat object using printed fiducial markers and a cell phone capable of continuous flash video. Our homography-based video frame alignment method does not require the fiducial markers to be visible in every frame, thereby enabling us to capture larger areas at a closer distance and higher resolution than in previous work. Pixels in the resulting panorama are fit with a BRDF based on a recursive subdivision algorithm, utilizing all the light and view positions obtained from the video. We show the versatility of our method by capturing a variety of materials with both one and two camera input streams and rendering our results on 3D objects under complex illumination.
Identification of beta2-microglobulin as a potential target for ovarian cancer (2009)

Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers. Antibody-based therapy has emerged as an important therapeutic approach for an increasing number of malignancies. Here, we prepared an antibody pool against SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells, which could induce apoptosis of SKOV3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Through SEREX analysis, beta 2-microglobulin (b2M) was identified as the potential target molecules of functional antibodies. The immune IgG (i-IgG) of antibody pool had little effects on other kinds of cancer cells, maybe because of the more secretion of b2M by SKOV3. Further studies indicated that specific antibody of b2M indeed also can inhibit the growth of SKOV3. In addition, overexpression of b2M could promote the growth of SKOV3 cells in vitro, by colony formation and anchorage-independent growth assay, at least partially through the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. Thus, b2M could be a potential therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.