gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The rho-GAP encoded by BEM2 regulates cytoskeletal structure in budding yeast. (1995)

Microfilaments are required for polarized growth and morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To accomplish this, actin cables and patches are redistributed during the cell cycle to direct secretory components to appropriate sites for cell growth. A major component of actin cables is tropomyosin I, encoded by TPM1, that determines or stabilizes these structures. Disruption of TPM1 is not lethal but results in the loss of actin cables and confers a partial defect in polarized secretion. Using a synthetic lethal screen, we have identified seven mutations residing in six genes whose products are required in the absence of Tpm1p. Each mutant exhibited a morphological defect, suggesting a functional link to the actin cytoskeleton. Complementation cloning of one mutation revealed that it lies in BEM2, which encodes a GTPase-activating protein for the RHO1 product. bem2 mutations also show synthetic lethality with rho1 and mutations in certain other cytoskeletal genes (ACT1, MYO1, MYO2, and SAC6) but not with mutations in several noncytoskeletal genes. These data therefore provide a genetic link between the GAP encoded by BEM2 and the functional organization of microfilaments. In addition, we show that bem2 mutations confer benomyl sensitivity and have abnormal microtubule arrays, suggesting that the BEM2 product may also be involved directly or indirectly in regulating microtubule function.
The Future of Pharmacogenetics for Osteoporosis (2013)

The possibility to predict the outcome of medical treatments, both in terms of efficacy and development of adverse effects, is the main goal of modern personalized medicine. The principal aim of pharmacogenetics is to design specific predictive genetic tests, to be performed prior to any drug treatment, and to tailor the therapy for each patient based on the results of these tests. Few pharmacogenetic tests are today validated and commonly applied in clinical practice, and none in the area of osteoporosis and bone disorders. Surely, the complex regulation of bone metabolism and the involvement of numerous different molecular pathways makes it difficult to individuate responsible genes and polymorphisms involved in the modulation of anti-osteoporotic drug response and, subsequently, in designing specific predictive analyses.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of 5S, 12S‐Dihydroxy‐6,1O‐E,8,14‐2‐eicosatraenoic Acid (5S,12S‐di‐HETE) (2), a New Human Metabolite of Arachidonic Acid. (1982)

Abstract Aus dem bekannten Formyl‐valeriansäureester (Ia) entsteht nach Wittig der ungesättigte Aldehyd (Ib).
Community respiratory virus infections following lung transplantation (2001)

Respiratory infections remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. In addition to cytomegalovirus, the community respiratory viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), influenza virus, and adenovirus, are important causes of infection in transplant recipients, often involve the lower respiratory tract, and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes associated with RSV, PIV, influenza virus, and adenovirus infections in lung transplant recipients.
Structural Basis for Targeting T:T Mismatch with Triaminotriazine-Acridine Conjugate Induces a U-Shaped Head-to-Head Four-Way Junction in CTG Repeat DNA (2020)

The potent DNA-binding compound triaminotriazine-acridine conjugate (Z1) functions by targeting T:T mismatches in CTG trinucleotide repeats that are responsible for causing neurological diseases such as myotonic dystrophy type 1, but its binding mechanism remains unclear. We solved a crystal structure of Z1 in a complex with DNA containing three consecutive CTG repeats with three T:T mismatches. Crystallographic studies revealed that direct intercalation of two Z1 molecules at both ends of the CTG repeat induces thymine base flipping and DNA backbone deformation to form a four-way junction. The core of the complex unexpectedly adopts a U-shaped head-to-head topology to form a crossover of each chain at the junction site. The crossover junction is held together by two stacked G:C pairs at the central core that rotate with respect to each other in an X-shape to form two nonplanar minor-groove-aligned G·C·G·C tetrads. Two stacked G:C pairs on both sides of the center core are involved in the formation of pseudo-continuous duplex DNA. Four metal-mediated base pairs are observed between the N7 atoms of G and Co<sup>II</sup>, an interaction that strongly preserves the central junction site. Beyond revealing a new type of ligand-induced, four-way junction, these observations enhance our understanding of the specific supramolecular chemistry of Z1 that is essential for the formation of a noncanonical DNA superstructure. The structural features described here serve as a foundation for the design of new sequence-specific ligands targeting mismatches in the repeat-associated structures.
Actualización de la candidiasis oral (1997)

Realiza una revision del concepto de micosis oral, haciendo especial referencia la de la candidiasis oral. Se discute la etiopatogenia y de forma especial la importancia de los factores favorecedores. Asimismo se repasan las diferentes clasificaciones clinicas de la enfermedad, resaltando los aspectos mas significativos de cada una de las presentaciones. Finalmente se plantea un actualizacion en los criterios terapeuticos y se da una pauta de actuacion.
Electrochemical DNA biosensor using a disposable electrochemical printed (DEP) chip for the detection of SNPs from unpurified PCR amplicons (2007)

In this study, we are reporting for the first time the elucidation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of clinically important alleles from consenting human subjects using a disposable electrochemical printed (DEP) chip in connection with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and a redox active molecule Hoechst 33258 [H33258, 2'-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2,5'-bi(1H-benzimidazole)]. Post-PCR products were analyzed directly without any purification process. The aggregation of the DNA-H33258 complex causes a significant drop in the peak current intensity of H33258 oxidation. The phenomenon of DNA aggregation induced by H33258 in addition to changes in anodic current peak are used to detect SNPs. Since laborious probe immobilization was not required, our biosensor offers several benefits due to its simplicity and rapid response as a promising device for genetic analysis.
P4 Isolated mediastinal lymph node tuberculosis (imlntb) is characterised by elevation in systemic and bronchial il-12 pathway mediators compared to pulmonary tb (2017)

<h3>Introduction/Aims</h3> The incidence of isolated mediastinal lymph node tuberculosis (IMLNTB) has increased in recent years in the UK. These patients exhibit a distinct clinical phenotype compared to patients with pulmonary TB (PTB), more likely to be asymptomatic or presenting with immune hypersensitivity. The mediastinal lymph nodes are of particular interest in TB as they have been implicated as a key site for host-pathogen interaction, the outcome of which determines infection status within the dynamic spectrum of disease. Indeed, studies have suggested that IMLNTB may represent a sub-clinical phenotype with a greater degree of immune containment compared to PTB. This study assessed immune status in patients with IMLNTB, PTB and healthy controls with the hypothesis that that these states vary in levels of protective immunity. <h3>Methods</h3> A novel sampling technique using a synthetic absorptive matrix (bronchosorption) placed on the respiratory mucosa of the bronchus was used to obtain mucosal lining fluid (MLF) of patients undergoing bronchoscopy. Serum samples were also collected in addition to clinical, radiological and demographic data. Eluted bronchosorption fluid, together with serum, were then analysed for a range of soluble inflammatory mediators using a multiplex immunoassay platform. <h3>Results</h3> Patients with IMLNTB (n=12) had elevated levels of IL-12/IL-23-p40 in both the serum and bronchial MLF compared to patients with PTB (n=12) and healthy controls (n=19). In addition, IL-12 induced IFNy pathway mediators, including TNF-α, were elevated in the serum in the IMLNTB group. Conversely, levels of serum acute phase reactants (CRP/SAA) were elevated in PTB compared to IMLNTB and healthy controls. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These Results suggest that IMLNTB and PTB have different molecular phenotypes, with IMLNTB showing less systemic inflammation in the form of serum CRP/SAA, but greater or equal levels of levels of certain immune mediators in both the serum and the bronchus. These findings may reflect that IMLNTB is a distinct clinical state to PTB, with immune activation through the IL-12 pathway playing a role in achieving immune containment.
Efficient information leakage neutralization on a relay-assisted multi-carrier interference channel (2013)

In heterogeneous dense networks where spectrum is shared, users privacy remains one of the major challenges. When the receivers are not only interested in their own signals but also in eavesdropping other users' signals, the cross talk becomes information leakage.We propose a novel and efficient secrecy rate enhancing relay strategy EFFIN for information leakage neutralization. The relay matrix is chosen such that the effective leakage channel (spectral and spatial) is zero. Thus, it ensures secrecy regardless of receive processing employed at eavesdroppers and does not rely on wiretaps codes to ensure secrecy, unlike other physical layer security techniques such as artificial noise. EFFIN achieves a higher sum secrecy rate over several state-of-the-art baseline methods.
Psychiatric emergencies (part III): psychiatric symptoms resulting from organic diseases. (2013)

An exhaustive review on the organic illnesses presenting with psychiatric manifestations, properly defined pseudopsychiatric emergencies, is presented. A systematic classification of the numerous organic causes of psychiatric disorders, based on authors' experience and literature revision, is carefully analysed, and their suitable diagnostic management in emergency setting is proposed. Moreover, the role of bedside ultrasonography in Emergency Department is emphasized. The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are separately discussed. A particular significance is given to "neuropsychological studies", displaying the complex connection between the central nervous system and the endocrine system. The role of immune system in influencing the central nervous system, explaining the model of "sickness behaviour" in inflammatory disease, is also described, according to recent reports of "psychoneuroimmunology". Moreover, the immune-mediated mechanism explaining how neoplasm can influence brain function in the "paraneoplastic syndromes" is shown. In order to facilitate the teaching method, organic illnesses presenting with acute psychic manifestations or mimicking specific psychiatric disorders are subdivided into three groups: (1) Endocrine and metabolic disorders and deficiency states; (2) Internal diseases; (3) Neurologic disorders.
SOYBEAN-BASED BIOMATERIALS AS BONE SUBSTITUTES (2005)

Aims: A new class of soybean-based biomaterials has been presented (patent PCT/GB01/03464) which shows good mechanical properties and an intrinsic anti-inflammatory potential, probably related to the phyto-hormone Genistein. This plant isoflavone is also reported to inhibit osteoclastic activity. Aim of this study is to evaluate in-vivo the bone response to such soybean-based biomaterials. Methods: De-fatted soybean curd was prepared into granules which were subsequently implanted in a cylindrical cavity drilled into the femural canal of New Zealand White rabbits. Retrieved femurs were embedded in poly-methyl-methacrylate and samples were analyzed by back-scattered electron microscopy (BSEM). Results: Retrieved operated femurs showed a macroscopic appearance similar to the non-operated controls. BSEM showed that granules were still present at the site of implantation after 8 weeks, but a clear progressive degradation took place from the periphery to the centre of the femural canal already after 3 weeks. The degradation of the granule was accompanied by the production of new trabeculae apposed to the surface of the material. Conclusions: It can be hypothesised that the released Genistein shifts the metabolic balance towards bone production by inhibiting the macrophagic and osteo-clastic activities and that the material degrading surface supports the apposition and mineralization of newly-formed bone.
The Myristoyl Moiety of Myristoylated Alanine-rich C Kinase Substrate (MARCKS) and MARCKS-related Protein Is Embedded in the Membrane (1995)

Members of the myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) family are involved in several cellular processes such as secretion, motility, mitosis, and transformation. In addition to their ability to bind calmodulin and to cross-link actin filaments, reversible binding to the plasma membrane is most certainly an important component of the so far unknown functions of these proteins. We have therefore investigated the binding of murine MARCKS-related protein (MRP) to lipid vesicles. The partition coefficient, Kp, describing the affinity of myristoylated MRP for acidic lipid vesicles (20% phosphatidylserine, 80% phosphatidylcholine) is 5-8 x 10(3) M-1, which is only 2-4 times larger than the partition coefficient for the unmyristoylated protein. Interestingly, the affinity of MRP for acidic lipid membranes is 20-30-fold smaller than reported for murine MARCKS (Kim, J., Shishido, T., Jiang, X., Aderem, A. A., and McLaughlin, S. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 28214-28219). Since only a marginal binding could be observed with neutral phosphatidylcholine vesicles, we propose that electrostatic interactions are the major determinant of the binding of MRP to pure lipid membranes. Although the myristoyl moiety does not contribute drastically to the binding of MRP to vesicles, photolabeling experiments with a photoreactive phospholipid probe show that the fatty acid is embedded in the bilayer. The same membrane topology was found for bovine brain MARCKS. Since the relatively low affinity of MRP for vesicles is insufficient to account for a stable anchoring of the protein to cellular membranes, insertion of the myristoyl moiety into the bilayer might favor the interaction of MRP with additional factors required for the binding of the protein to intracellular membranes.
SCTP in battlefield networks (2002)

The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a new Internet standards track transport layer protocol SCTP was originally designed to transport PSTN signaling messages over IP networks, but is also capable of serving as a general purpose transport protocol. As such, SCTP provides an alternative that may be better able to satisfy the requirements of future battlefield networks than the traditional transport protocols, TCP and UDP. Unlike traditional transport protocols, SCTP allows multiple streams of messages within a single connection (or, in SCTP terminology, a single association). As the results in this paper show, this ability is particularly helpful in reducing latency for streaming multimedia in high loss environments. SCTP also provides features for multi-homing that may be helpful in high-mobility environments and additional security against denial-of-service attacks based on SYN flooding.
Metal-organic Frameworks as Near-Infrared Emitting Materials Based on Lanthanide Cations: from Fundamental Science to Biological Imaging (2019)

International audience
Application of Surface Complexation/Precipitation Modeling to Contaminant Leaching from Weathered Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash (1998)

In this paper, we have successfully applied surface complexation/precipitation modeling to describe the leaching of contaminants from weathered municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash. A combination of ‘selective' chemical extractions and leaching at pH values unfavorable for sorption has been shown to be useful for obtaining sorbent mineral and sorbate concentrations. Model calcula tions are based on the Diffuse Layer Model and a database of sorption constants for hydrous ferric oxide (HFO), both of which are incorporated in the computer code MINTEQA2. This approach to sorption modeling shows that the leaching of Mo, Pb, and Cu from weathered MSWI bottom ash is well described by surface complexation, whereas the surface precipitation model is needed to describe the leaching data of Zn. The leaching of Cd cannot be explained with these models since the affinity of Cd for HFO is too low. Our results suggest that Mo and Zn are bound mainly to HFO. Additional sorbent minerals, e.g., amorphous aluminum (hydr)oxides, are required to describe the leaching of Cu and Pb.
Boundary wave generation by coherent multiple scatter at a randomly rough rigid surface (1982)

In a series of papers starting in 1979 (J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 66, 1135–1144), I. Tolstoy has shown that the Biot boundary conditions for coherent scatter from a low roughness surface [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 44, 1616–1622 (1968)] can be applied effectively to various deterministically rough interfaces such as hemispherical or ellipsoidal bosses between dissimilar fluids, or between a solid and a fluid. A boundary wave is predicted that is particularly strong at near grazing scatter provided that the low roughness criterion holds: ka &amp;lt; kh ⩽ 1, where a is the radius of the hemispherical bosses, h is the distance between them. Since it diverges cylindrically rather than spherically, the boundary wave can become stronger than a direct wave propagating over a smooth plane surface. Previously, this “Biot boundary wave” has been experimentally verified in the fluid over a rigid plane surface constructed of hemispherical scattering elements [H. Medwin et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 66, 1131–1134 (1979)]. The Biot boundary wave has now been experimentally evaluated at grazing propagation over a randomly rough rigid surface of Gaussian rms height σ = 2.3 mm, Gaussian rms slope 1.15, and isotropic correlation length L = 4.8 mm. The empirically determined ratio of mean boundary wave amplitude 〈PB〉 to smooth surface direct volume wave amplitude PD at range R, valid to kL ⩽ 1, is 〈PB〉/PD = 0.27 σ k3/2(2πR)1/2. This result is essentially the same as that for a deterministic surface of hemispherical bosses when that is rewritten in terms of its rms height. For the randomly rough surface the correlation length replaces the separation between hemispheres in the “low roughness” criterion. [Work supported by Office of Naval Research.]
Association of Milk Consumption and Vitamin D Status in the US Population by Ethnicity: NHANES 2001–2010 Analysis (2020)

Vitamin D has been identified as a nutrient of public health concern, and higher intake of natural or fortified food sources of vitamin D, such as milk, are encouraged by the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. We, therefore, examined the association of milk consumption and vitamin D status in the United States (US) population. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall data and serum 25(OH)D concentrations were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2010 and were analyzed by linear and logistic regression after adjusting for anthropometric and demographic variables. Significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05. Approximately 57-80% children and 42-60% adults were milk consumers. Milk intake (especially reduced-fat, low fat and no-fat milk) was positively associated (<i>p</i><sub>linear trend</sub> < 0.05) with serum vitamin D status and with a 31-42% higher probability of meeting recommended serum vitamin D (>50 nmol/L) levels among all age groups. Serum vitamin D status was also associated with both type and amount of milk intake depending upon the age and ethnicity. In conclusion, the results indicate that milk consumers consistently have higher serum vitamin D levels and higher probability of meeting recommended levels. Therefore, increasing milk intake may be an effective strategy to improve the vitamin D status of the US population.
PHYBAL - Lebensdauerberechnung hochbeanspruchter metallischer Werkstoffe / "PHYBAL" - Fatigue life calculation of highly stressed metallic materials (2010)

Zur detaillierten Bewertung des Ermuedungsverhaltens des Verguetungsstahles 42CrMo4 (1.7225) wurden mechanische Spannung-Dehnung-Hysteresis, Temperatur- und elektrische Widerstandsmessverfahren in Ermuedungsversuchen mit einstufiger und Betriebsbeanspruchung eingesetzt. Um Spannung-Dehnung-Hysteresismessungen auch waehrend Betriebsbeanspruchungen durchfuehren zu koennen, wurde ein neues, am Lehrstuhl fuer Werkstoffkunde der TU Kaiserslautern entwickeltes Versuchskonzept angewendet. Mit den hierbei gewonnenen Messwerten koennen aequivalent zu Messwerten aus Einstufenversuchen Wechselverformungskurven zur Charakterisierung des Ermuedungsverhaltens unter Betriebsbeanspruchung erstellt werden. Die Messwerte werden zudem als Eingangsgroessen fuer das physikalisch basierte Kurzzeitverfahren PHYBAL zur Lebensdauerberechnung genutzt. Mithilfe von PHYBAL koennen mit nur drei Ermuedungsversuchen Woehlerkurven und Lebensdauerlinien in sehr guter Uebereinstimmung mit konventionell ermittelten berechnet werden. (A) Dieser Beitrag erschien auch im DVM-Bericht 136. ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: For the detailed characterisation of the fatigue behaviour of the quenched and tempered steel SAE 4140 under constant amplitude and service loading conditions mechanical stress-strain hysteresis, temperature, and electrical resistance mesurements were performed. To enable stress-strain-hysteresis measurements also under service loading a new test procedure, developed at the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Kaiserslautern, was applied. The measured values are plotted in cyclic deformation curves, in a similar way as commonly practiced in constant amplitude tests and serve as input data for the fatigue life calculation method PHYBAL. This short-time procedure offers the possibility to calculate Woehler and fatigue life curves on the basis of only three fatigue tests with very good accordance to conventionally determined data. (A)
Moment-based space-variant Shack-Hartmann wavefront reconstruction (2023)

Based on image moment theory, an approach for space-variant Shack-Hartmann wavefront reconstruction is presented in this article. The relation between the moment of a pair of subimages and the local transformation coefficients is derived. The square guide 'star' is used to obtain a special solution from this relation. The moment-based wavefront reconstruction has a reduced computational complexity compared to the iteration-based algorithm. Image restorations are executed by the tiling strategy with 5 $\times$ 5 PSFs as well as the conventional strategy with a global average PSF. Visual and quantitative evaluations support our approach.