gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interchain electron donor–acceptor complexes. Determination of equilibrium constant and thermodynamic parameters in the solid state (1988)

Abstract The interpolymeric electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex of donor poly[( N ‐ethylcarbazol‐3‐yl)methyl methacrylate] (PHMCM‐2) with acceptor poly‐(2‐[(3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl)oxy]ethyl methacrylate) (PDNBM‐2) presents a single glass transition temperature and a decomplexation endotherm on differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) thermograms. This system is considered a “polymer blend model” which exhibits a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Phase separation of this blend is kinetically controlled and positive deviations of the glass transition temperatures from weight average values suggest that it behaves as a thermally reversible crosslinked network. Calorimetric methods to determine the heats of mixing of small molecule complexes in solution were adapted for this solid state blend to estimate the equilibrium constant ( K eq ) and other thermodynamic parameters. Applying a computer iterative procedure and assuming 1 : 1 stoichiometry, a least‐squares fit was found for several different donor molecular weights with three different high molecular weight acceptors. At moderate molecular weights, K eq rises to represent saturation fractions near unity as found in biological systems. K eq decreases for higher molecular weights, possibly due to trapped chain entanglements. These results are supported by a composition‐independent, “horizontal line” phase diagram, thus resembling the completely complexed/denaturation process in DNA.
An Improved KNN Text Categorization Method Based on Spanning Tree Documents Clustering (2011)

For the shortcoming that K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN) classification method is not efficient and it is difficult to determined the optimal parameter value K, a new KNN classification method based on spanning tree document clustering is presented. The basic idea is that using the clustering algorithm based on spanning tree to realize automatic clustering, each sub-tree generated retain a few core document nodes after a few nodes is cut and the core nodes retained have been merged into a new document. When the experiment of classification is carried out, the similarity of document test is computed with center document of sub-tree and the category of document test is the category of sub-tree that it has largest similarity. Experiments show that proposed method is better than KNN in stability of classification ,meanwhile it improve the classification speed and avoid the choice of value of the parameter k.
Reporting of Randomized Controlled Trials in Andrology Journals: A Quality Assessment (2014)

The number of original articles and RCTs in andrology increased over time. However, the ratio of RCTs to original articles as well as RCT quality was statistically insignificant. It would be required for the researchers to focus efforts in performing high-quality studies to ensure appropriate randomization, reviews by IRB, financial support, and inclusion of allocation concealment during study performance.
Laser separation of medical isotopes (1996)

There is an increasing demand for different separated isotopes as feed material for reactor and cyclotron-produced radioisotopes used by a fast-growing radiopharmaceutical industry. One new technology that may meet future demands for medical isotopes is molecular laser isotope separation (MLIS). This method was investigated for the enrichment of uranium in the 1970`s and 1980s by Los Alamos National Laboratory, Isotope Technologies, and others around the world. While South Africa and Japan have continued the development of MLIS for uranium and are testing pilot units, around 1985 the United States dropped the LANL MLIS program in favor of AVLIS (atomic vapor LIS), which uses electron-beam-heated uranium metal vapor. AVLIS appears difficult and expensive to apply to most isotopes of medical interest, however, whereas MLIS technology, which is based on cooled hexafluorides or other gaseous molecules, can be adapted more readily. The attraction of MLIS for radiopharmaceutical firms is that it allows them to operate their own dedicated separators for small-quantity productions of critical medical isotopes, rather than having to depend on large enrichment complexes run by governments, which are only optimal for large-quantity productions. At the University of Missouri, the authors are investigating LIS of molybdenum isotopes using MoF{sub 6}, whichmore » behaves in a way similar to UF{sub 6}, studied in the past.« less
PSGL1 and P-Selectin Mediate Inflammatory Responses in Lung Endothelium (2021)

RATIONALE: P-selectin (or CD62P) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates leukocyte tethering and rolling interactions with activated endothelial cells (EC). Leukocyte transmigration from the vascular lumen through ECs into tissue is a critical step during inflammation that includes interactions between selectins and their ligands. Pselectin receptor ligand (PSGL1) is one of the most important selectin ligands in this process. Pulmonary EC express both P-selectin and PSGL1, but their potential roles in mediating EC permeability and other inflammatory responses in lung EC are poorly defined. The objective of this study was to characterize PSGL1/P-selectin signaling in lung EC responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS/RESULTS: Human pulmonary artery EC permeability was assessed by labeled dextran transwell assay. LPS-induced permeability was increased 2-3 fold by the addition of either recombinant PSGL1 or P-selectin. Human lung EC stimulated with PSGL1 demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in Y658 phosphorylation of junctional protein VE-cadherin, indicative of adherens junction disruption and increased permeability. Inflammatory mitochondrial superoxide production was assayed using MitoSOX fluorescent assay. LPS-induced mitochondrial ROS was significantly attenuated in lung EC after siRNA downregulation of P-selectin expression. LPS increased the interaction of P-selectin with the barrierdisrupting and pro-inflammatory S1P3 receptor as assessed by Proximity Ligation Assay (Duolink). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate novel effects of PSGL1/P-selectin signaling on lung EC permeability and other inflammatory responses in response to LPS. This work has potential relevance to the pathophysiology of sepsis-induced lung vascular leak and ARDS.
Optical Devices to Increase Photocathode Quantum Efficiency (1970)

Maximum quantum efficiencies attainable with commercially available semitransparent photocathodes are near 30% (for blue light). Work in the Instrumentation Division at Ames Research Center, NASA, has achieved quantum efficiencies as high as 58% with these same photocathodes through the use of optical enhancement. Improvement ratios in the red and near ir are even larger, but of course, the original sensitivities are smaller at these wavelengths. In addition to simply improving sensitivity, effort is also directed toward extending the applicability of the technique. A new class of devices recently conceived at Ames Research Center will allow application of optical enhancement to TV camera tubes, image intensifiers, and other imaging detectors. This paper describes the optical enhancement work in detail with major emphasis on results in the areas mentioned above.
"Niemcy sudeccy" 1848–1948. Historia pewnego nacjonalizmu (2007)

Książka opisuje dzieje ludności niemieckiej zamieszkującej ziemie czeskie, począwszy od roku 1848, gdy po raz pierwszy dały tam o sobie znać konflikty narodowościowe, aż po wysiedlenie Niemców w 1948 roku. Autor porusza nastepujące zagadnienia
Turning Molecular Springs into Nano-Shock Absorbers: The Effect of Macroscopic Morphology and Crystal Size on the Dynamic Hysteresis of Water Intrusion–Extrusion into-from Hydrophobic Nanopores (2022)

Controlling the pressure at which liquids intrude (wet) and extrude (dry) a nanopore is of paramount importance for a broad range of applications, such as energy conversion, catalysis, chromatography, separation, ionic channels, and many more. To tune these characteristics, one typically acts on the chemical nature of the system or pore size. In this work, we propose an alternative route for controlling both intrusion and extrusion pressures <i>via</i> proper arrangement of the grains of the nanoporous material. To prove the concept, dynamic intrusion-extrusion cycles for powdered and monolithic ZIF-8 metal-organic framework were conducted by means of water porosimetry and <i>in operando</i> neutron scattering. We report a drastic increase in intrusion-extrusion dynamic hysteresis when going from a fine powder to a dense monolith configuration, transforming an intermediate performance of the ZIF-8 + water system (poor molecular spring) into a desirable shock-absorber with more than 1 order of magnitude enhancement of dissipated energy per cycle. The obtained results are supported by MD simulations and pave the way for an alternative methodology of tuning intrusion-extrusion pressure using a macroscopic arrangement of nanoporous material.
Mitotic checkpoint gene CHFR methylation in pretreatment serum DNA of docetaxel (doc)/cisplatin (cis)-treated stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (p) (2006)

7056 Background: CHFR (checkpoint with forkhead-associated and ring finger) regulates a prophase delay in cells exposed to agents that disrupt microtubules. Epigenetic inactivation of CHFR is a frequent event in human tumors, leading to impaired checkpoint function and enhanced sensitivity to docetaxel. We hypothesized that serum DNA methylation of CHFR could be a predictor of longer survival in p treated with doc/cis. Methods: Sodium bisulfite modified serum DNAwas used as the template for methylation-specific PCR assay. DNA was obtained from 600 doc/cis-treated stage IV NSCLC p. Results: Preliminary data on 301 p is available. The frequency of CHFR hypermethylation was 32.6%. There was no association between methylation and performance status (PS), age, gender, histology, response, 14–3-3σ serum DNA methylation, polymorphisms in lymphocyte DNA (ERCC1 118 C/T, ERCC1 C8092A, XRCC3 241 ThrMet), or tumor ERCC1 mRNA levels. Overall, there was a tendency to better median survival (MS) for p with methylated CHFR. In p with PS 0, MS was 33 months (m) for 41 p with methylated CHFR and 12 m for 64 p with unmethylated CHFR (P = 0.23). In p &gt;66 years (y), MS was not reached for 31 p with methylated CHFR and 9.6 m for 80 p with unmethylated CHFR (P = 0.01), while in p &lt;66 y, MS was 9.4 m for 67 p with methylated CHFR and 10 m for 123 p with unmethylated CHFR (P = 0.62). p with both 14–3-3σ and CHFR methylation showed a tendency to longer survival. Final data on 600 p will be presented. Conclusions: Early findings indicate that CHFR methylation in elderly p predicts a significant survival benefit in doc/cis-treated NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Toll-Like Receptor 3 Is a Potent Negative Regulator of Axonal Growth in Mammals (2007)

Toll is a cell surface receptor with well described roles in the developmental patterning of invertebrates and innate immunity in adult Drosophila. Mammalian toll-like receptors represent a family of Toll orthologs that function in innate immunity by recognizing molecular motifs unique to pathogens or injured tissue. One member in this family of pattern recognition receptors, toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), recognizes viral double-stranded RNA and host mRNA. We examined the expression and function of TLRs in the nervous system and found that TLR3 is expressed in the mouse central and peripheral nervous systems and is concentrated in the growth cones of neurons. Activation of TLR3 by the synthetic ligand polyinosine:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) or by mRNA rapidly causes growth cone collapse and irreversibly inhibits neurite extension independent of nuclear factor kappaB. Mice lacking functional TLR3 were resistant to the neurodegenerative effects of poly I:C. Neonatal mice injected with poly I:C were found to have fewer axons exiting dorsal root ganglia and displayed related sensorimotor deficits. No effect of poly I:C was observed in mice lacking functional TLR3. Together, these findings provide evidence that an innate immune pattern recognition receptor functions autonomously in neurons to regulate axonal growth and advances a novel hypothesis that this class of receptors may contribute to injury and limited CNS regeneration.
Fuzzy sets for reliability assessment of electric power distribution systems (2002)

In this paper a reliability assessment technique for distribution system is proposed using fuzzy set theory (FST). At first a general idea about FST is introduced. Based on FST an approach for assessing the reliability of the whole system as well as the different load points has been developed. This approach depends mainly on the fault effect analysis and minimum cut set techniques. The uncertainties of the component availabilities is taken into consideration by applying FST on the identified minimum cut sets.
Synthesis of temperature‐dependent elastin‐like peptide‐modified dendrimer for drug delivery (2013)

Dendrimers are synthetic macromolecules with a unique structure that are potential unimolecular drug carriers and potential scaffolds for peptides. Elastin is one of the main components of the extracellular matrix, as well as a temperature-sensitive biomacromolecule. Val-Pro-Gly-Val-Gly repeats, an elastin-like peptide, have been used for designing artificial elastin molecules. In this study, we have synthesized a novel type of temperature-dependent drug carrier by conjugating Ac-Val-Pro-Gly-Val-Gly to a dendrimer, named elastin-mimetic dendrimer. The elastin-mimetic dendrimer formed β-turn structure by heating. The elastin-mimetic dendrimer exhibited the inverse phase transition, depending on pH and NaCl concentration in addition to temperature. The elastin-mimetic dendrimer could encapsulate a model drug, rose bengal, even though the complex stability was similar to the dendrimer without elastin-like peptide. Therefore, the elastin-mimetic dendrimer is a potential drug carrier with temperature- and pH-dependent properties.
Identification of Relative Protein Bands in Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) Using a Multi-Resolution Snake Algorithm (1999)

In polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) image analysis, it is important to determine the percentage of the protein of interest of a protein mixture. This study presents reliable computer software to determine this percentage. The region of interest containing the protein band is detected using the snake algorithm. The iterative snake algorithm is implemented in a multi-resolutional framework. The snake is initialized on a low-resolution image. Then, the final position of the snake at the low resolution is used as the initial position in the higher-resolution image. Finally, the area of the protein is estimated as the area enclosed by the final position of the snake.
Erratum to: A prospective evaluation of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool in acute microcrystalline arthritis (2015)

Unfortunately, the original version of this article [1] contained an error. The first author name was included incorrectly. The correct first author name is Pascal Zufferey. This has been corrected in the original article and the correct author list is also included correctly below.

Pascal Zufferey1*, Roxana Valcov1, Isabelle Fabreguet1, Alexandre Dumusc1, Patrick Omoumi2 and Alexander So1
A case for network musical performance (2001)

A Network Musical Performance (NMP) occurs when a group of musicians, located at different physical locations, interact over a network to perform as they would if located in the same room. In this paper, we present a case for NMP as a practical Internet application, and describe a method to ameliorate the effect of late and lost packets on NMP. We describe an NMP system that embodies this concept, that combines several existing standards (MIDI, MPEG 4 Structured Audio, RTP/AVP, and SIP) with a new RTP packetization for MIDI performance. We analyze NMP experiments performed on CalREN2 hosts on the UC Berkeley, Stanford, and Caltech campuses.
S Phase-specific Transcription of the Mouse Ribonucleotide Reductase R2 Gene Requires Both a Proximal Repressive E2F-binding Site and an Upstream Promoter Activating Region (2004)

Ribonucleotide reductase is essential for supplying a balanced pool of the four deoxyribonucleotides required for DNA synthesis and repair. The active enzyme consists of two non-identical subunits called proteins R1 and R2. There are multiple levels of regulation of ribonucleotide reductase activity, which is highest during the S and G(2) phases of an unperturbed cell cycle in mammalian cells. Previous reports in the literature have indicated that the S phase-specific transcription of the mammalian R2 gene is regulated by a transcriptional block, is dependent on the transcription factor E2F1, or is simply regulated by proteins that bind to promoter CCAAT boxes plus the TATA box. Here, we demonstrate that the S phase-specific transcription of the mouse R2 gene is dependent on an upstream promoter activating region (located at nucleotides (nt) -672 to -527 from the transcription start site) and one proximal promoter repressive element (located at nt -112 to -107) that binds E2F4. Binding to the E2F site is modulated by binding of nuclear factor-Y to an adjacent CCAAT element (nt -79 to -75). The upstream activating region is crucial for overall R2 promoter activity. Mutation of the E2F-binding site leads to premature promoter activation in G(1) and increases overall promoter activity but only when the upstream activating region is present and intact. Therefore, E2F-dependent repression is essential for cell cycle-specific R2 transcription.
Series compensated open-winding PM generator wind generation system (2012)

This paper presents a new wind power generation system utilizing an open-winding permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). A diode rectifier is used for the major portion of power conversion process. In addition, the proposed system controls the generated power by using an auxiliary voltage source inverter located at the neutral of the generator. The VA rating of the auxiliary inverter is only a fraction of the system rated power. Compared to wind power systems utilizing a PWM rectifier or diode rectifier having a DC/DC boost converter, the converter cost can be considerably reduced. In addition, the generator underutilization issue in a conventional diode rectifier fed wind power system can also be solved.
Acquisition protocol for breast cancer imaging with technetium-99m-labeled synthetic peptide and technetium-99m-MDP. (1997)

Using this protocol, all primary lesions and 50% of the axillary lymph nodes with 99mTc-MDP, and 35% with 99mTc-EPPT, were detected as documented by histology. Our protocol may represent an improvement in the diagnosis and staging of breast cancer.
Investigation of the Neutronic Performance of Advanced Cold Moderators and Validation of New Evaluated S (a,ß) Neutron Scattering Kernels (2003)

Nüninghoff, K.; Bayer, N.; Bernnat, W.; Bollini, V.; Bubak, A.; Conrad, H.; Filges, D.; Goldenbaum, F.; Hinssen, H.-K.; Neef, R.-D.; Ninaus, W.; Pyzs, K.; Keinert, J.; Kuolikov, S.; Lensing, B.; Mattes, M.; Matzerath, Th.; Paul, N.; Pohl, C.; Schaal, H.; Smirnov, A.; Soltner, H.; Stelzer, H.; Tietze-Jaensch, H.; Wohlmuther, M.; Wolters, J.
Phase Difference-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging (PADRE) Technique for the Detection of Age-Related Microstructural Changes in Optic Radiation: Comparison with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) (2017)

BACKGROUND The optic radiation (OR) is a white-matter bundle connecting the lateral geniculate body and the visual cortex. Phase difference-enhanced imaging (PADRE) is a new MRI technique that is able to achieve precise delineation of the OR. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on the volume and signal intensity of the OR using PADRE, and to establish a volumetric reference of the OR from a healthy population, compared with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-nine healthy volunteers underwent MR imaging with PADRE and DTI sequences on a 3.0-T scanner. For the volumetric analysis with PADRE, the OR corresponding to the external sagittal stratum was manually traced, while an automated thresholding method was used for the DTI-based volumetric analysis of the OR. RESULTS The mean right and left OR volumes measured from the PADRE images were 1469.0±242.4 mm³ and 1372.6±310.2 mm³, respectively. Although OR volume showed no significant correlation with age, the normalized OR signal intensity showed a linear correlation with increasing age (r²=0.50-0.53; P<0.01). The OR signal intensity on PADRE and DTI-related quantitative parameters for the OR showed significant correlations (r²=0.46-0.49; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The PADRE technique revealed exceptional preservation of OR volume, even in later life. Moreover, PADRE was able to detect age-related changes in signal intensity of the OR and may contribute to future analyses of pathological neurodegeneration in patients with glaucoma and multiple sclerosis.
Cardiac function estimation using Multislice Computed Tomography: A comparison to speckle tracking imaging (2009)

International audience
Sex, drugs and Patrick White (2012)

Although I never met either of them, I once received a postcard from Patrick White and his partner Manoly Lascaris. I keep it in a small wooden inlay box in the hall closet with a few other treasures.
Specific Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses in Patients with Different Long-Term Courses of Alveolar Echinococcosis (Infection with Echinococcus Multilocularis) (1991)

Alveolar echinococcosis is a serious and often fatal disease of humans that in most cases can be efficiently cured only by complete surgical resection of the Echinococcus multilocularis lesion. In a few patients, however, a spontaneous cure of the disease has been observed by demonstrating the presence of lesions with dead metacestodes. The present study shows a comparative analysis of the cellular (lymphoproliferative assay) and humoral (antibody activity in an Em2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and immunoblotting) immune response in 1) patients who were cured by a radical surgical resection of the E. multilocularis parasite lesion, 2) patients who had a partial surgical resection of the parasite lesion, 3) patients who had a non-resectable alveolar echinococcosis, and 4) patients who were shown to be spontaneously cured and had lesions with dead parasites. The in vitro lymphoproliferative response to E. multilocularis antigen stimulation was very high in cured patients who had radical surgery or in patients with lesions containing dead parasites, but it was significantly lower in patients who had partial surgical or no resection. Antibody concentrations in the Em2-ELISA were high in patients who had incomplete or no surgery, and low or negative in cured patients who had radical surgery or in patients with lesions containing dead parasites. Immunoblot analysis of patient sera revealed a consistent antibody banding pattern among cured patients with radical surgery and patients with incomplete or no surgery, whereas cured patients with lesions containing dead parasites showed a very faint antibody pattern.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)