gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase transition under forced vibrations in critical CO 2 (2009)

Phase separation is investigated in CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; under linear harmonic vibrations. The study is performed under weightlessness in a sounding rocket. The fluid is at critical density near its critical point to get benefit from universal behavior. Without vibration, phase separation is characterized by an interconnected pattern of vapor and liquid domains and a near linear growth law. Under vibration, three time regions have been identified. i) When the liquid-vapor domains are smaller than a few viscous boundary layer thickness, growth is unaffected by vibration. ii) Then the Bernoulli pressure across the interfaces makes the domains grow exponentially perpendicularly to the vibration direction while growth parallel to the vibration direction is unaffected. iii) When the domains reach the sample size, the pattern looks as periodic stripes perpendicular to the vibration direction and keep on growing parallel to the vibration direction. A theoretical approach of these phenomena is proposed.
Molecular and functional characterization of kshA and kshB, encoding two components of 3‐ketosteroid 9α‐hydroxylase, a class IA monooxygenase, in Rhodococcus erythropolis strain SQ1 (2002)

9 alpha-Hydroxylation of 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AD) and 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD) is catalysed by 3-ketosteroid 9 alpha-hydroxylase (KSH), a key enzyme in microbial steroid catabolism. Very limited knowledge is presently available on the KSH enzyme. Here, we report for the first time the identification and molecular characterization of genes encoding KSH activity. The kshA and kshB genes, encoding KSH in Rhodococcus erythropolis strain SQ1, were cloned by functional complementation of mutant strains blocked in AD(D) 9 alpha-hydroxylation. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of kshA and kshB showed that they contain domains typically conserved in class IA terminal oxygenases and class IA oxygenase reductases respectively. By definition, class IA oxygenases are made up of two components, thus classifying the KSH enzyme system in R. erythropolis strain SQ1 as a two-component class IA monooxygenase composed of KshA and KshB. Unmarked in frame gene deletion mutants of parent strain R. erythropolis SQ1, designated strains RG2 (kshA mutant) and RG4 (kshB mutant), were unable to grow on steroid substrates AD(D), whereas growth on 9 alpha-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9OHAD) was not affected. Incubation of these mutant strains with AD resulted in the accumulation of ADD (30-50% conversion), confirming the involvement of KshA and KshB in AD(D) 9 alpha-hydroxylation. Strain RG4 was also impaired in sterol degradation, suggesting a dual role for KshB in both sterol and steroid degradation.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Sensitized Mesoscopic Solar Cells (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Theory and Process for Realizing Successful Systems (2006)

INSIGHT is the magazine of the International Council on Systems Engineering. It is published four times per year and features informative articles dedicated to advancing the state of practice in systems engineering and to close the gap with the state of the art. INSIGHT delivers practical information on current hot topics, implementations, and best practices, written in applications-driven style.
Synthesis of some heterocyclic systems of anticipated biological activities via 6-aryl-4-pyrazol-1-yl-pyridazin-3-one (2005)

6-Aryl-4-pyrazol-1-yl-pyridazin-3-one (1) reacted with a PCl 5 POCl 3 mixture to give the 3-chloropyridazine derivative 3. Reaction of 3 with 2-hydroxybenzoylhydrazide and semicarbazide hydrochloride afforded 4 and 5. Reaction of 1 with ethyl chloroacetate gave 8. Reaction of 8 with hydrazine hydrate yielded the hydrazide 9. The hydrazide 9 condensed with the acetylenic ketones and esters 10a10d and acetylacetone to give the adducts 11a, 11b, 12, 13, and 14. Reacting 1 with formaldehyde and piperidine, morpholine, or piperazine, 3-bromopropanoic acid, acetic anhydride, p-toluenesulphonyl chloride, succinyl chloride, oxalyl chloride, ethanolamine, or ethyl chloroacetate gave the adducts 1522. The structures of all newly synthesized compounds were evidenced from their spectral and microanalytical data. Key words: 6-aryl-4-pyrazol-1-yl-pyridazinone derivative, 6-aryl-3-chloropyridazine derivative, 3,6-diaryl-1,2,4-triazino[4,3-b]pyridazine derivative, 6-aryl-3-ethoxycarbonylmethoxypyridazine derivative, 6-aryl-3-(ω-benzoylacetophenone)hydrazinocarbonylmethoxypyridazine.
Detection of Ergoline Alkaloids in Endophyte‐Infected Tall Fescue by Immunoassay (1994)

Previously, a monoclonal antibody was developed to the lysergic ring common to ergoline alkaloids (EA). The objectives were to develop an immunoassay for EA in tall fescue by determining (i) time requirement; (ii) tissue mass, and (iii) optimum volume of extraction solution necessary for detection protocols with repeatable results; and (iv) the acceptability of oven‐ versus freeze‐dried samples. A competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted on plant extracts (0‐548 μg kg −1 ergovaline). Regressions of ELISA and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) data gave good fits ( R 2 ≥ 0.87, MSE ≤ 0.03). Using 0.10 g (±0.01 g) of oven‐dried tissue, and extraction for 15 min in a 1:40 dilution, we analyze 200 samples daily.
The future of noninvasive procedural dermatology. (2013)

Noninvasive procedural dermatology has evolved rapidly during the past decade. An array of skin tightening, resurfacing, and fat-reducing energy devices can now be combined with filler and neurotoxin injectables to reduce the visible signs of aging with minimal downtime and risk. In the future, such advances will likely continue, although the pace of technological breakthroughs is difficult to predict. Complex feedback devices, nanotechnology, and cell-based therapies will eventually begin to fulfill the promise of scar removal, pigmentation correction, and replacement of aged skin with skin that is new and completely functional. Dermatologists are well equipped to retain their leadership in noninvasive esthetic medicine, and they will, to the extent that they continue to pioneer outstanding therapies that are effective, affordable, and safe.
A tunable-bandwidth white light interferometer using Bi-frequency Raman gain in atomic vapor (2007)

A White Light Cavity is of considerable interest in broadband gravitational-wave detection. This paper presents a demonstration of the such a system in a meter long ring-cavity using bi-frequency Raman gain in the intra-cavity medium.
Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect as a Cause of Palpitations and Dyspnea in an Adult: A Diagnostic Imaging Challenge (2015)

Sinus venosus atrial septal defects (SV-ASD) have nonspecific clinical presentations and represent a diagnostic imaging challenge. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) remains the initial diagnostic imaging modality. However, detection rates have been as low as 12%. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) improves diagnostic accuracy though it may not detect commonly associated partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging provides a noninvasive, highly sensitive and specific imaging modality of SV-ASD. We describe a case of an adult male with exercise-induced, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia who presented with palpitations and dyspnea. Despite nondiagnostic imaging results on TTE, CMR proved to be instrumental in visualizing a hemodynamically significant SV-ASD with PAPVR that ultimately led to surgical correction.
Layered Boron–Nitrogen–Carbon–Oxygen Materials with Tunable Composition as Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes (2018)

The insertion of heteroatoms with different electronegativity into carbon materials can tune their chemical, electronic, and optical properties. However, in traditional solid-state synthesis, it is challenging to control the reactivity of monomers, and therefore, the amount and position of heteroatoms in the final materials. Herein, a simple, scalable, and general molten-state route to synthesize boron-nitrogen-carbon-oxygen (BNCO) materials with tunable boron-nitrogen-carbon composition, as well as electronic and optical properties, is reported. The new synthetic approach consists of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and ammonia-borane as reactants that form a clear liquid-state stage spanning a wide temperature range, before the solid-state reaction. The molten-state stage enhances the control over the synthetic intermediates and final materials, owing to improved monomer miscibility and reactivity. The BNCO composition and optical properties are tuned by the PAH selection and final reaction temperature. The advantages of this method are demonstrated herein through the tunable optical properties, excellent stability to oxidization, facile deposition on substrates, and good activity as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries.
A preliminary assessment of asbestos awareness and control measures in brake and clutch repair services in Knoxville and Knox County, Tennessee (1994)

The pending OSHA standard revision proposed in 1990 to lower the asbestos Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) and to mandate effective asbestos control measures (ACM) in brake and clutch assembly work may have a profound effect on industries involved in such operations. Health protection of workers will be improved and costs of improved control methods and training will increase. Considering these facts, this preliminary study was designed to assess the level of worker and management awareness of asbestos hazards associated with brake and clutch repair and to determine what ACM had been implemented by businesses in Knoxville and Knox County, Tennessee. The study, in a metropolitan area of approximately 336,000 people, revealed eight different categories of businesses conducting brake and clutch repair work with an estimated 363 potentially exposed employees. Results of the study suggest that managers and employees of the 80 businesses studied were in need of asbestos hazard awareness training and more adequate asbestos control measures.
PORTABLE ANALYZER FOR IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY (2009)

Abstract − The paper presents an impedance analyzer designed for impedance spectroscopy of objects located in the field. The use of the specialized microsystem AD5933 was assumed. The analysis and tests of the microsystem in the configuration proposed by the manufacturer showed the limitations having meaningful influence on the impedance measurement accuracy. In order to eliminate disadvantages of the microsystem, a new solution using two AD5933 microsystems was proposed. This solution allows to measure impedance in a wide range of 100 Ω ≤⎜Zx⎜ ≤ 10 GΩ at measurement frequencies in the range of 0,01 Hz ÷ 100 kHz.
Data from Modulation of Macropinocytosis-Mediated Internalization Decreases Ocular Toxicity of Antibody–Drug Conjugates (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;AGS-16C3F is an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) against ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3 (ENPP3) containing the mcMMAF linker-payload currently in development for treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. AGS-16C3F and other ADCs have been reported to cause ocular toxicity in patients by unknown mechanisms. To investigate this toxicity, we developed an &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; assay using human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) and show that HCECs internalized AGS-16C3F and other ADCs by macropinocytosis, causing inhibition of cell proliferation. We observed the same mechanism for target-independent internalization of AGS-16C3F in fibroblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Macropinocytosis-mediated intake of macromolecules is facilitated by the presence of positive charges or hydrophobic residues on the surface of the macromolecule. Modification of AGS-16C3F, either by attachment of poly-glutamate peptides, mutation of residue K16 to D on AGS-16C3F [AGS-16C3F(K16D)], or decreasing the overall hydrophobicity via attachment of polyethylene glycol moieties, significantly reduced cytotoxicity against HCECs and other primary cells. Rabbits treated with AGS-16C3F showed significant ocular toxicity, whereas those treated with AGS-16C3F(K16D) presented with less severe and delayed toxicities. Both molecules displayed similar antitumor activity in a mouse xenograft model. These findings establish a mechanism of action for target-independent toxicities of AGS-16C3F and ADCs in general, and provide methods to ameliorate these toxicities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt;These findings reveal a mechanism for nonreceptor-mediated toxicities of antibody drug conjugates and potential solutions to alleviate these toxicities. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 78(8); 2115–26. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Primary CA1 and conditionally immortal MHP36 cell grafts restore conditional discrimination learning and recall in marmosets after excitotoxic lesions of the hippocampal CA1 field (1999)

Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus, n = 18) were trained to discriminate between rewarded and non-rewarded objects (simple discriminations, SDs) and to make conditional discriminations (CDs) when presented sequentially with two different pairs of identical objects signifying reward either in the right or left food well of the Wisconsin General Test Apparatus. After bilateral N-methyl-D-aspartate (0.12 M) lesions through the cornu ammonis-1 (CA1) field (7 microl in five sites), marmosets showed profound impairment in recall of CDs but not SDs, and were assigned to lesion only, lesion plus CA1 grafts and lesion plus Maudsley hippocampal cell line, clone 36 (MHP36) grafts groups matched for lesion-induced impairment. Cell suspension grafts (4 microl, 15-25 000 cells/microl) of cells dissected from the CA1 region of foetal brain at embryonic day 94-96, or of conditionally immortalized MHP36 cells, derived from the H-2Kb-tsA58 transgenic mouse neuroepithelium and labelled with [3H]thymidine, were infused at the lesion sites. The lesion plus MHP36 grafts group was injected five times per week with cyclosporin A (10 mg/kg) throughout testing. Lesion, grafted and intact control marmosets (n = 4-5/group) were tested on recall of SDs and CDs learned before lesioning and on acquisition of four new CDs over a 6-month period. Lesioned animals were highly impaired in recall and acquisition of CD tasks, but recall of SDs was not significantly disrupted. Both grafted groups of marmosets showed improvement to control level in recall of CDs. They were significantly slower in learning the first new CD task, but mastered the remaining tasks as efficiently as controls and were substantially superior to the lesion-only group. Visualized by Nissl staining, foetal grafts formed clumps of pyramidal-like cells within the denervated CA1 field, or jutted into the lateral ventricles. MHP36 cells, identified by beta-galactosidase staining and autoradiography, showed neuronal and astrocytic morphology, and were distributed evenly throughout the CA1 region. The results indicate that MHP36 cell grafts are as functionally effective as foetal grafts and appear to integrate into the host brain in a structurally appropriate manner, showing the capacity to differentiate into both mature neurons and glia, and to develop morphologies appropriate to the site of migration. These findings, which parallel the facilitative effects of foetal and MHP36 grafts in rats with ischaemic CA1 damage, offer encouragement for the development of conditionally immortal neuroepithelial stem cell lines for grafting in conditions of severe amnesia and hippocampal damage following recovery from cardiac arrest or other global ischaemic episodes.
3. Preparation and Identification of Polymorphs and Solvatomorphs (2008)

It is now very well known that the majority of organic compounds are capable of being crystallized into more than one structural form (1-11). Polymorphism is defined as the situation where the different crystal forms of a compound are found to be identical in their elemental composition, while solvatomorphism is defined as the situation where the various crystal forms of a compound differ in their solvation or hydration state. The development of a full understanding of the stability relationships between polymorphs and solvatomorphs is vitally important to a preformulation program, as the selection of the proper form is crucial even at the earliest stages of development.
A Connectionist Production System with Partial Match and its Use for Approximate Reasoning (1993)

Abstract The paper discusses a connectionist implementation of knowledge engineering concepts and concepts related to production systems in particular. Production systems are one of the most used artificial intelligence techniques as well as a widely explored model of cognition. The use of neural networks for building connectionist production systems opens the door for developing production systems with partial match and approximate reasoning. An architecture of a neural production system (NPS) and its third realization—NPS3, designed to facilitate approximate reasoning—are presented in the paper. NPS3 facilitates partial match between facts and rules, variable binding, different conflict resolution strategies and chain inference. Facts are represented in a working memory by so-called certainty degrees. Different inference control parameters are attached to every production rule. Some of them are known neuronal parameters, receiving an engineering meaning here. Others, which have their context in knowledge engineering, have been implemented in a connectionist way. The partial match implemented in NPS3 is demonstrated on the same test production system as used by other authors. The ability of NPS3 for approximate reasoning is illustrated by reasoning over a set of simple diagnostic productions and a set of decision support fuzzy rules.
Fiber Bragg grating-based acceleration sensor (2009)

We present the design process of a fiber Bragg grating based fiber-optic single-axis acceleration sensor with minimized crosstalk. Crosscoupling of non-directional accelerations is minimized by introducing a unique double-membrane fixture of the sensor's mass of inertia leading to an almost diagonal form of the sensors stiffness-matrix. The sensor's resonance frequency, the sensor's sensitivity towards the stiffness of the spring-mass system and the mass of inertia are calculated from an analytical model and are verified by FEM simulation of the sensor. A singleaxis sensor design yielding a resonance frequency of 6.0 kHz with a sensitivity of Deltalambda = 1 pm/g at a non resonant acceleration is proposed.
Fabrication and characterization of microstructured magnetic tunnel junction rings (2006)

In this paper, we present a study of a ring-shaped magnetic tunnel junction structure. The main concerns are focused on the fabrication process, the biasing effect, and the free layer behavior.
New Degree in Natural Resources Engineering (1990)

A new professional degree in natural resources engineering was introduced in New Zealand in 1989. Taught jointly by Canterbury and Lincoln Universities, it replaces and includes the BE(Agricultural) offered since 1966. It is a full professional degree standing alongside the other University of Canterbury degrees in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronic or Chemical and Process Engineering and the eight professional courses for BE at Auckland University.
Kinetics and disposition of picumeterol in animals (1995)

1. The pharmacokinetics and disposition of picumeterol, a novel beta 2 receptor agonist agent, have been studied in the rat and dog following administration by inhalation, intravenous and oral routes at various dose levels. 2. Picumeterol was found to be transferred across the lung of the rat and dog following inhalation dosage. After i.v. dosage picumeterol was eliminated from plasma with a half-life of about 1 h in the rat and about 2 h in the dog. Plasma clearance in the rat was about twice liver blood flow and the plasma levels of picumeterol were low after oral administration. 3. Following instillation of 14C-picumeterol to the trachea of isolated respiring rat lung preparations radioactivity was transferred from the airways to perfusion media as unchanged drug within 2 min. After 2 h perfusion, no metabolites were detected in the recirculation perfusate or lung. 4. Picumeterol was extensively metabolized in vivo in the rat (about 95%) and dog (about 90%) and in vitro in microsomal preparations of rat, dog and human liver. O-dealkylation and beta-oxidation are important as routes of metabolism. 5. Radioactivity was largely excreted in the urine of the rat and dog (> 50% of dose), as metabolites, following i.v. administration. There was some excretion of radioactivity in dog bile. Extensive first-pass metabolism was found after oral administration in the rat.
Multifocal ERG findings in carriers of X-linked retinoschisis (2006)

The mfERG demonstrated areas of retinal dysfunction in two carriers of XLRS. When present, retinal dysfunction was evident in the presence of a normal-appearing fundus. Multifocal ERG testing can be useful for identifying some carriers of XLRS.
A monoclonal antibody against the receptor for advanced glycation end products attenuates inflammatory and neuropathic pain in the mouse (2015)

These data demonstrate that specific modulation of RAGE effectively attenuates nociceptive sensitivity associated with chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain states.
Life-Saving (1893)

When this stage on the programme was reached, the hour for noon adjournment arrived.I t was then decided to meet in three sections in the afternoon, in order to accommodate members who were present with papers.The next morning
The Tobacco Homolog of Mammalian Calreticulin Is Present in Protein Complexes in vivo (1995)

, Lena E. Carlsson, Sabina Vidal, , Bo Ek, Mieke J. van Zeijl, Karin M. C. Sinjorgo, E. Tapio Palva, The Tobacco Homolog of Mammalian Calreticulin Is Present in Protein Complexes in vivo, The Plant Cell, Vol. 7, No. 4 (Apr., 1995), pp. 391-406
IL28B Genomic-Based Treatment Paradigms for Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: The Future of Personalized HCV Therapies (2010)

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have recently identified host genetic variation to be critical for predicting treatment response and spontaneous clearance in patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). These important new studies are reviewed and their future clinical implications discussed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the region of the IL28B gene on chromosome 19, coding for the interferon (IFN)-λ-3 or IL28B gene, are strongly associated with treatment response to pegylated IFN and ribavirin in patients infected with genotype 1 HCV. The good response variant is associated with a twofold increase in the rate of cure. Allele frequencies differ between ethnic groups, largely explaining the observed differences in response rates between Caucasians, African Americans and Asians. IL28B polymorphism is also strongly associated with spontaneous clearance of HCV. The biological mechanisms responsible for these genetic associations remain unknown and are the focus of ongoing research. Knowledge of a patient's IL28B genotype is likely to aid in clinical decision making with standard of care regimens. Future studies will investigate the possibility of individualizing treatment duration and novel regimens according to IL28B type.