gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stability of sodium oxacillin in intravenous solutions (1975)

The influence of concentration, vehicle, dextrose and temperature on the stability of sodium oxacillin solutions was determined using a chemical kinetic approach. Sodium oxacillin degraded faster in dextrose solution than in sodium chloride injection. This finding was attributed to the catalytic effect of dextrose on sodium oxacillin hydrolysis. Solutions of 1-50 mg/ml oxacillin in each vehicle were found to be stable for 24 hours at 23 C. The degradation of sodium oxacillin in various dextrose solutions was independent of oxacillin concentration, and followed first order kinetics.
Triphenyl methane dyes as sensor materials for solvent detection with surface‐acoustic‐wave devices (1990)

Highly‐colored phthalide carbenium ions (see figure) embedded in a matrix of phenols can form the basis of solventsensing devices able to detect a variety of solvents in concentrations down to a few ppm. Solvent absorption disturbs hydrogen bonding producing a less favorable environment for the cations, the changing concentration of which can be monitored using optical absorption, or SAW‐devices. magnified image
Exciton trapping is responsible for the long apparent lifetime in acid-treated MoS2 (2017)

Here, we show that deep trapped ``dark'' exciton states are responsible for the surprisingly long lifetime of band-edge photoluminescence in acid-treated single-layer ${\mathrm{MoS}}_{2}$. Temperature-dependent transient photoluminescence spectroscopy reveals an exponential tail of long-lived states extending hundreds of meV into the band gap. These subband states, which are characterized by a 4 $\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$ radiative lifetime, quickly capture and store photogenerated excitons before subsequent thermalization up to the band edge where fast radiative recombination occurs. By intentionally saturating these trap states, we are able to measure the ``true'' 150 ps radiative lifetime of the band-edge exciton at 77 K, which extrapolates to $\ensuremath{\sim}600$ ps at room temperature. These experiments reveal the dominant role of dark exciton states in acid-treated ${\mathrm{MoS}}_{2}$, and suggest that excitons spend $&gt;95%$ of their lifetime at room temperature in trap states below the band edge. We hypothesize that these states are associated with native structural defects, which are not introduced by the superacid treatment; rather, the superacid treatment dramatically reduces nonradiative recombination through these states, extending the exciton lifetime and increasing the likelihood of eventual radiative recombination.
A Fluorescence-based Exonuclease Assay to Characterize DmWRNexo, Orthologue of Human Progeroid WRN Exonuclease, and Its Application to Other Nucleases (2013)

WRN exonuclease is involved in resolving DNA damage that occurs either during DNA replication or following exposure to endogenous or exogenous genotoxins. It is likely to play a role in preventing accumulation of recombinogenic intermediates that would otherwise accumulate at transiently stalled replication forks, consistent with a hyper-recombinant phenotype of cells lacking WRN. In humans, the exonuclease domain comprises an N-terminal portion of a much larger protein that also possesses helicase activity, together with additional sites important for DNA and protein interaction. By contrast, in Drosophila, the exonuclease activity of WRN (DmWRNexo) is encoded by a distinct genetic locus from the presumptive helicase, allowing biochemical (and genetic) dissection of the role of the exonuclease activity in genome stability mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate a fluorescent method to determine WRN exonuclease activity using purified recombinant DmWRNexo and end-labeled fluorescent oligonucleotides. This system allows greater reproducibility than radioactive assays as the substrate oligonucleotides remain stable for months, and provides a safer and relatively rapid method for detailed analysis of nuclease activity, permitting determination of nuclease polarity, processivity, and substrate preferences.
Estrogen receptors in hormone-dependent breast cancers. (1975)

The determination of estrogen receptor (estrophilin) in human breast cancers, both primary and metastatic, can furnish information useful to the clinician in his choice of the optimal therapy for the individual patient with advanced disease. Of patients with significant tumor estrophilin levels, most, but not all, will respond favorably to endocrine therapy. Women whose cancers lack sufficient amounts of estrophilin have little or no chance of benefit from endocrine ablation or hormone administration and probably should be treated directly by alternative types of therapy.
Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction Phenotyping of Metalloproteinases and Inhibitors Involved in Tumor Matrix Invasion (1993)

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A Scene Interpretation System (1988)

A scene interpretation system can be partitioned into three levels of processing: low level, mid level, and high level. We describe here a systematic approach to scene interpretation that embeds these three levels of processing in a structured hierarchical blackboard architecture. Each blackboard level contains modular knowledge sources which perform numeric and/or symbolic processing. The low level processing blackboard is embedded as one of the knowledge sources within the mid level processing blackboard which is in turn embedded as a knowledge source within the high level processing blackboard. The benefits of this scene interpretation system architecture are efficient bi-directional flow of control between processing levels, modularized multispectral/multisensor image processing, and information feedback for performance improvement and for spatial/temporal tracking.
Nitric oxide as a radiosensitizer: Evidence for an intrinsic role in addition to its effect on oxygen delivery and consumption (2004)

Different nitric oxide (NO)-mediated treatments (e.g., isosorbide dinitrate, insulin and electrical stimulation of the host tissue) have been investigated for their effects on tumor oxygenation and radiation sensitivity. We further address the issue of the role played by modulation of the NO-pathway in tumor radiosensitivity. For this purpose, the local concentration of NO was monitored after treatment in FSaII tumors and a comparison between the sensitivity of LLC tumors implanted both on eNOS(-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice was carried out. First, we demonstrate the central role played by eNOS in the radiosensitizing effect after application of insulin treatment and electrical stimulation: a significant increase in tumor NO content is induced by these treatments and the increase in tumor oxygenation, as well as the radiosensitizing effect are abolished in eNOS knock-out mice, in contrast to WT mice. Second, by comparing the level of oxygen and NO achieved in tumors after NO-mediated treatments and carbogen, we provide evidence that these NO-mediated treatments are not simply acting by a single oxygen effect. These treatments induced significant regrowth delays compared to carbogen, despite a smaller increase in tumor oxygenation. For the NO-mediated treatments, there was a direct correlation between the NO content and the radiosensitizing effect. These data strongly suggest that NO is a complementary factor additive to oxygen in determining the sensitivity to irradiation and we therefore propose that NO acts as an intrinsic radiosensitizer in vivo.
Echocardiographic documentation of myocardial ischemia in presence of angina pectoris without ST-T changes. (1986)

A frequent clinical problem is to document the elusive entity of electrocardiographically silent myocardial ischemia. Since echocardiography offers a practical tool to detect reversible mechanical changes due to ischemia, 32 patients with angina on effort, and coronary artery disease, and 15 patients with angina at rest were studied. In all 47 patients electrocardiographic changes during effort or rest pain were inconclusive. Combined 12 lead electrocardiographic and 2-Dimensional echocardiographic monitoring were performed: during ergonovine testing in the 15 patients with angina at rest; during dipyridamole testing in the 32 patients with effort angina and a non diagnostic stress test. Interpretable echocardiograms were obtained in all the patients studied. Positivity of both the Ergonovine-Echocardiographic test and the Dipyridamole-Echocardiographic test was based upon the detection of regional transient asynergy. Of the 15 patients who had chest pain at rest in the absence of diagnostic electrocardiographic changes, Ergonovine-Echocardiographic test was positive in 6 (40%). Of the 32 patients who had chest pain in absence of diagnostic electrocardiographic changes during exercise stress testing, the Dipyridamole-Echocardiographic test was positive in 18 (56%). Echocardiographic monitoring in combination with provocative testing (ergonovine and dipyridamole) may be a practical, non invasive, inexpensive tool which is feasible in all patients with good basal echocardiograms and is able to unmask electrocardiographically silent myocardial ischemia by providing objective mechanical evidence of the ischemic event.
Constraining the sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays across and above the ankle with the spectrum and composition data measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory (2022)

In this work we present the interpretation of the energy spectrum and mass composition data as measured by the Pierre Auger Collaboration above $6 \times 10^{17}$ eV. We use an astrophysical model with two extragalactic source populations to model the hardening of the cosmic-ray flux at around $5\times 10^{18}$ eV (the so-called "ankle" feature) as a transition between these two components. We find our data to be well reproduced if sources above the ankle emit a mixed composition with a hard spectrum and a low rigidity cutoff. The component below the ankle is required to have a very soft spectrum and a mix of protons and intermediate-mass nuclei. The origin of this intermediate-mass component is not well constrained and it could originate from either Galactic or extragalactic sources. To the aim of evaluating our capability to constrain astrophysical models, we discuss the impact on the fit results of the main experimental systematic uncertainties and of the assumptions about quantities affecting the air shower development as well as the propagation and redshift distribution of injected ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs).
Effects of Nintedanib on Quantitative Lung Fibrosis Score in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2020)

Exploratory data suggest that in patients with IPF, 6 months' treatment with nintedanib was associated with a numerically smaller degree of fibrotic change in the lungs and reduced FVC decline versus placebo. These data support previous findings that nintedanib slows the progression of IPF.
Relativistic DFT Calculations of Polyoxotungstate 183W NMR Spectra: Insight into their Solution Structure (2003)

Mapping an uncharted territory: The good correlation between experimental and calculated 183W NMR chemical shifts of polyoxotungstates (see picture) may allow the prediction and assignment of the spectra of unstable or unknown species, and also allow the counterion effect to be addressed. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2267/2003/z636_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Impact of the automotive energy net impedance on the voltage-stabilization performance of a floating capacitor H-Bridge converter (2016)

A floating capacitor H-Bridge converter is proposed to stabilize the automotive energy net against undesired voltage spikes and to limit the voltage range for the electrical loads. In comparison to classical converter topologies the proposed floating H-Bridge converter with integrated energy storage device provides lower switch-voltage stress and allows therefore the implementation of high-current low-voltage switching devices with lowest on-state resistance and very simple drive circuits. In this publication the impact of the energy net impedance on the voltage stabilization performance and on the stability of the system is analyzed. Analyses are performed, a control method is proposed and results of a full-size prototype converter are shown to prove the converter performance for the given application. Theoretical predictions are in good correlation with experimental results.
Response Analysis of Tall Buildings to Wind Loadings (1975)

A Monte Carlo technique is used for the response analysis of continuous structures to wind loading. The wind forces corresponding to drag, acting along-wind direction and lift, and acting across wind are considered. The fluctuating wind velocity field is taken as a stationary Gaussian random process with mean zero. The modal time-domain approach is used for response calculations with the generalized random forces being generated numerically on a digital computer. The results are used to study the effect on structural response by aerodynamic damping, higher order turbulence, wind inertia, and vortex shedding.
Catalyst-Free Efficient Regioselective Ring Opening of Oxiranes with Thioacids in Water (2011)

Abstract Epoxide ring opening with thioacetic acid and thiobenzoic acid was investigated in the presence of water under catalyst-free conditions. This green and simple process gave an excellent yield. With simple decanting, the products were obtained in high purity and on a large scale. In this process, alkyl halide and ester cleavage were not observed.
Bloch oscillating transistor as the readout element for hot electron bolometers (2004)

In this paper we analyse the properties of the Bloch oscillating transistor as a preamplifier in cryogenic devices. We consider here especially the readout of hot electron bolometers (HEBs) based on Normal-Superconductor-Insulator tunnel junctions, but the results also apply more generally. We show that one can get an equivalent noise voltage below 1 nV/&sqrt;Hz with a single BOT. By using N BOTs in a parallel array configuration, a further reduction by factor &sqrt;N may be achieved.
Acquiring and transferring intellectual skills with modifiable software advisors in a virtual inquiry support environment (2003)

Our previous work with the ThinkerTools Inquiry Curriculum found that students who were prompted to reflect on their work performed better on inquiry projects, and attained a better understanding of the inquiry process. These prompts, however, were in a pencil-and-paper form, which did not allow for individual, on-line needs. We hypothesize that improvement will be further enhanced by introducing an adaptive, user-controlled system of software agents that can advise students on completing specific inquiry tasks and their application of general intellectual and collaborative skills. In addition, students can modify the system to help students meet their own knowledge-building goals. Factors such as an advisor's goals, the type of help an advisor can offer, when the advisor gives advice, and an advisor's personality can be modified. For example, an inquiry task advisor, the Hypothesizer, helps students come up with alternative hypotheses that are testable. The students and the advisors work in a virtual inquiry support environment of typical artifacts such as a journal, progress report, meeting rooms and a dialogue box for communication.
Performance analysis of AAL2/ATM in UMTS radio access network (2003)

The focus of this paper is the performance of ATM/AAL2 as a transport technology for Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) in UMTS/IMT-2000 setting. In this work, we propose an analytical model for the transparent multiplexing and transport through UTRAN of several voice channels onto a single AAL2/ATM VC. We investigate the queue building up at the AAL2 multiplexer in order to derive some characteristics of the sojourn time of voice frames within the UTRAN. Our results quantify the performance of AAL2/ATM-based transport of voice in terms of mean queue at the multiplexer, mean sojourn time and delay violation probability within the UTRAN.
[Hemodynamic management of LOS using prolonged VA bypass circulatory assist]. (1992)

The authors managed five LOS patients using prolonged V-A bypass circulatory assist. Maximum CVP values were under 12 mmHg in three survivors, and 17 mmHg and 20 mmHg in two nonsurvivors. Maximum PCWP values were under 14 mmHg in survivors, and 19 mmHg and 20 mmHg in nonsurvivors. Dopamine was administrated in all cases and norepinephrine was administrated at a rate of less than 0.3 microgram.kg-1.min-1 in survivors, and in two nonsurvivors, norepinephrine was used at a rate of 0.36 and 1.2 micrograms.kg-1.min-1. Before and after disconnection of V-A bypass, the bypass flow of the three survivors were under 1.0 l.min-1 just before disconnection, and immediately after it, the preload did not increase, and the dose of administrated catecholamine increased. V-A bypass time intervals of the three survivors were 71, 42 and 87 hours, and those of the two nonsurvivors were 71 and 43 hours. Maximum bypass flow rate was above 40ml.kg-1.min-1 in four of five patients. The authors discussed the management of the patients' heart and of the V-A bypass machine during the prolonged V-A bypass circulatory assist.
Market Design Options for Scarcity Pricing in European Balancing Markets (2021)

The European balancing market is undergoing radical transformation through numerous market design initiatives. These initiatives aim at improving geographical coordination among European transmission system operators, and better positioning the European system for integrating renewable resources through short-term operational efficiency and long-term investment in flexible resources. However, the European design is characterized by a missing market for real-time reserve capacity, that has been inherited from a failure to recognize the central role of real-time operations as the spot market of the electric power industry. This missing market undermines the valuation of reserve capacity, and the back-propagation of price signals to forward reserve markets that can support investment in reserves. The goal of the present paper is to develop a methodology that exposes the implications of this missing market. The methodology relies on analytical insights that can be derived under an assumption of price-taking behavior. These insights are validated by a simulation model which represents the European balancing market as a Markov Decision Process. The simulation model is used for validating the analytical insights and testing the ability of various balancing market design options to back-propagate the real-time value of reserve to forward reserve markets.
Conditional Computation in Neural Networks for faster models (2015)

Deep learning has become the state-of-art tool in many applications, but the evaluation and training of deep models can be time-consuming and computationally expensive. The conditional computation approach has been proposed to tackle this problem (Bengio et al., 2013; Davis &amp; Arel, 2013). It operates by selectively activating only parts of the network at a time. In this paper, we use reinforcement learning as a tool to optimize conditional computation policies. More specifically, we cast the problem of learning activation-dependent policies for dropping out blocks of units as a reinforcement learning problem. We propose a learning scheme motivated by computation speed, capturing the idea of wanting to have parsimonious activations while maintaining prediction accuracy. We apply a policy gradient algorithm for learning policies that optimize this loss function and propose a regularization mechanism that encourages diversification of the dropout policy. We present encouraging empirical results showing that this approach improves the speed of computation without impacting the quality of the approximation.
Deep Learning-basierte Quantifizierung der Aorten-Makroangiopathie verbessert die Vorhersage der kardiovaskulären Mortalität im National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) (2023)

Zielsetzung Der maximale Aortendurchmesser wird aktuell zur Beurteilung von kardiovaskulären Veränderungen verwendet; die Quantifizierung von weiteren makroangiopathischen Veränderungen ist möglich, jedoch arbeitsintensiv. Ziel der Studie ist die Evaluation automatisiert erhobener Parameter makroangiopathischer Veränderungen der Aorta.
Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors and Arterial Stiffness in Patients With Coronary Atherosclerosis (2016)

sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 were independently associated with baPWV in patients undergoing ICA. This result may extend previous knowledge on close interactions between inflammation and arterial stiffening.
Amidines. 4. Synthesis of tricyclic guanidines related to 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b]quinazoline, a new antihypertensive agent (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmidines. 4. Synthesis of tricyclic guanidines related to 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b]quinazoline, a new antihypertensive agentTimothy Jen, Paul Bender, Helen Van Hoeven, Barbara Dienel, and Bernard LoevCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 4, 407–411Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00262a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00262a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views262Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
2x10 Gb/s and 6xGbE field trial transmission over project GIGA testbed (2006)

We report the first 8-channel error-free transmission at 10 Gb/s (2-channel) and GbE (6-channel) performed on Project GIGA Testbed. The 10 Gb/s 2-channel transmission performance has been characterized, in Campinas, in terms of Q-factor and bit-error-ratio (BER) as a function of receiver sensitivity and received optical signal-to-noise ratio, OSNR. The use of different schemes for dispersion compensation has been evaluated, as well as the impact of channel detuning.