gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Violence conjugale, maltraitanceet garde des enfants :une démarche de recherche-actionfavorisant la résolution des controversesentre les acteurs et l’émergence d’une pratique novatrice concertée (2012)

Cet article discute des résultats d’une recherche-action visant à élaborer un processus de résolution des controverses entourant la garde des enfants à la fois exposés à la violence conjugale et victimes de mauvais traitements. S’inspirant de la sociologie de l’innovation comme cadre théorique et de la méthodologie propre aux recherches-actions, la démarche expérimentée avec six milieux de pratique de la région de Québec est exposée et discutée. Les résultats font ressortir les conditions ayant favorisé l’émergence d’une intervention novatrice et plus concertée.
Mycobacterium leprae alters classical activation of human monocytes in vitro (2016)

Exposure to M. leprae has an inhibitory effect on M1 macrophage polarization, likely mediated through PGL-1. By directing monocyte/macrophages preferentially towards M1 activation, BCG vaccination may render the cells more refractory to the inhibitory effects of subsequent M. leprae infection.
ECOWAS Operations in Liberia and Sierra Leone: Amnesty for Past Unlawful Acts or Progress Towards Future Rules (2005)

The Chapter focuses on the practice relating to the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) operations that raise the most interesting and at the same time challenging issues from the viewpoint of the legal regime on the use of force, namely the campaign conducted in Liberia from August 1990 to the general elections of July 1997 and the intervention carried out in Sierra Leone from the military coup of May 1997 to the return of power, in March 1998, of the democratically elected President.
Management of diabetes in South Asian communities in the UK (2006)

This article discusses some of the specific challenges related to the management of diabetes in patients of South Asian origin. Communicating information that considers cultural, religious and language differences is important to promote effective self-management. The South Asian population in the UK is at greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes, and cultural practices such as fasting if not managed properly can lead to deterioration in their condition. The use of appropriate information and educators with Asian language skills and an understanding of the local population's culture are important to improve self-management of diabetes in these patients.
Myofibroblasts in Murine Cutaneous Fibrosis Originate From Adiponectin‐Positive Intradermal Progenitors (2014)

These observations establish a novel link between intradermal adipose tissue loss and dermal fibrosis and demonstrate that adiponectin-positive intradermal progenitors give rise to dermal myofibroblasts. Adipose tissue loss and adipocyte-myofibroblast transition might be primary events in the pathogenesis of cutaneous fibrosis that represent novel potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
T0501-3-3 Numerical Analysis of Gas Flow in Porous Media (2010)

Gas flow with surface reaction in porous media appears in various regions of engineering. In porous media with holes as small as a molecular mean free path, i. e., Knudsen number Kn of gas flow in the narrow channel is in the order of unity. Therefore, the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method is suitable to solve transport phenomena in porous media. We perform 2D DSMC simulations of such a flow. Porous media are modeled as an aggregation of randomly-placed spherical particles. The shape of narrow channel in porous media is complicated. To reduce complexity, we propose the simplification for porous structures, i. e., we simplify solid bodies in porous media as aggregations of cubes or as aggregations of polyhedra. We perform simulations with and without simplification. We compare results and investigate effects of the simplification.
Comparison of a β-Glucosidase and a β-Mannosidase from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus (1996)

Two distinct exo-acting, beta-specific glycosyl hydrolases were purified to homogeneity from crude cell extracts of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus: a beta-glucosidase, corresponding to the one previously purified by Kengen et al. (Kengen, S. W. M., Luesink, E. J., Stams, A. J. M., and Zehnder, A. J. B. (1993) Eur. J. Biochem. 213, 305-312), and a beta-mannosidase. The beta-mannosidase and beta-glucosidase genes were isolated from a genomic library by expression screening. The nucleotide sequences predicted polypeptides with 510 and 472 amino acids corresponding to calculated molecular masses of 59.0 and 54.6 kDa for the beta-mannosidase and the beta-glucosidase, respectively. The beta-glucosidase gene was identical to that reported by Voorhorst et al. (Voorhorst, W. G. B., Eggen, R. I. L., Luesink, E. J., and deVos, W. M. (1995) J. Bacteriol. 177, 7105-7111; GenBank accession no. U37557U37557). The deduced amino acid sequences showed homology both with each other (46.5% identical) and with several other glycosyl hydrolases, including the beta-glycosidases from Sulfolobus solfataricus, Thermotoga maritima, and Caldocellum saccharolyticum. Based on these sequence similarities, the beta-mannosidase and the beta-glucosidase can both be classified as family 1 glycosyl hydrolases. In addition, the beta-mannosidase and beta-glucosidase from P. furiosus both contained the conserved active site residues found in all family 1 enzymes. The beta-mannosidase showed optimal activity at pH 7.4 and 105 degrees C. Although the enzyme had a half-life of greater than 60 h at 90 degrees C, it is much less thermostable than the beta-glucosidase, which had a reported half-life of 85 h at 100 degrees C. Km and Vmax values for the beta-mannosidase were determined to be 0.79 mM and 31.1 micromol para-nitrophenol released/min/mg with p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-mannopyranoside as substrate. The catalytic efficiency of the beta-mannosidase was significantly lower than that reported for the P. furiosus beta-glucosidase (5.3 versus 4, 500 s-1 mM-1 with p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside as substrate). The kinetic differences between the two enzymes suggest that, unlike the beta-glucosidase, the primary role of the beta-mannosidase may not be disaccharide hydrolysis. Other possible roles for this enzyme are discussed.
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: pathology, genetics, and concepts in pathogenesis (2017)

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a rare, heritable heart disease characterized by fibro-fatty replacement of the myocardium and a high degree of electric instability. It was first thought to be a congenital disorder, but is now regarded as a dystrophic heart muscle disease that develops over time. There is no curative treatment and current treatment strategies focus on attenuating the symptoms, slowing disease progression, and preventing life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Identification of mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins and in other genes has led to insights into the disease pathogenesis and greatly facilitated identification of family members at risk. The disease phenotype is, however, highly variable and characterized by incomplete penetrance. Although the reasons are still poorly understood, sex, endurance exercise and a gene-dosage effect seem to play a role in these phenomena. The discovery of the genes and mutations implicated in ACM has allowed animal and cellular models to be generated, enabling researchers to start unravelling it's underlying molecular mechanisms. Observations in humans and in animal models suggest that reduced cell-cell adhesion affects gap junction and ion channel remodelling at the intercalated disc, and along with impaired desmosomal function, these can lead to perturbations in signalling cascades like the Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo/YAP pathways. Perturbations of these pathways are also thought to lead to fibro-fatty replacement. A better understanding of the molecular processes may lead to new therapies that target specific pathways involved in ACM.
Structured Polymer Brushes on Silicon Carbide (2009)

A straightforward method is presented for the preparation of homogeneous as well as structured polymer brushes on SiC substrates. The self-initiated photografting and photopolymerization (SIPGP) of styrene and N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (MAEMA) allows the preparation of polymer brush layers directly and selectively onto C—OH terminated (0001̅) 6H-SiC surfaces in a single step reaction. In contrast, the analogous reaction on Si—OH terminated (0001) 6H-SiC does not occur. The reactivity contrast between Si—OH and C—OH terminated crystal faces for SIPGP was studied using the density functional theory method which showed a higher SiO—H bond dissociation energy for hydrogen abstraction on the Si-polar relative to the C-polar crystal face. Furthermore, structured polymer brushes on the submicrometer scale could be prepared by the carbon templating (CT) technique on Si—OH terminated (0001) 6H-SiC surfaces. First, an ultrathin template layer was formed by electron beam induced carbon deposition (EBCD) on SiC by means of a focused electron beam. Amplification of the template by SIPGP resulted in polymer brush structures with controlled three-dimensional shapes. The effect of the applied electron dose as well as the initial lateral structure size on the brush layer morphology was investigated.
Investigation of NaTiOPO4 as Anode for Sodium-Ion Batteries: A Solid Electrolyte Interphase Free Material? (2019)

Tavorite NaTiOPO4 (NaTP) is here explored as a possible solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) free anode material for Na-ion batteries (NIBs). The operation voltage is found around 1.4 V vs Na+/Na with a very low polarization (around 0.02 V) and an efficiency of ∼95% after 100 cycles in half-cells. Operando X-ray diffraction measurements have unveiled that insertion and deinsertion of Na ions occurs via a symmetric mechanism involving biphasic and solid solution reactions. The evolution of the SEI formation at different voltage values upon electrochemical cycling has been analyzed by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the results show that although not inexistent, a very thin and stable SEI layer is formed that positively contributes to the excellent cycling stability of the material.
Holistic Approach to a Successful Market Implementation of Active and Intelligent Food Packaging (2021)

Market implementation of active and intelligent packaging (AIP) technologies specifically for fiber-based food packaging can be hindered by various factors. This paper highlights those from a social, economic, environmental, and legislative point of view, and elaborates upon the following aspects mainly related to interactions among food packaging value chain stakeholders: (i) market drivers that affect developments, (ii) the gap between science and industry, (iii) the gap between legislation and practice, (iv) cooperation between the producing stakeholders within the value chain, and (v) the gap between the industry and consumers. We perceive these as the most influential aspects in successful market implementation at a socioeconomic level. The findings are supported by results from quantitative studies analyzing consumer buying expectations about active and intelligent packaging (value perception of packaging functions, intentions to purchase AIP, and willingness to pay more) executed in 16 European countries. Finally, in this paper, we discuss approaches that could direct future activities in the field towards industrial implementation.
CSC panel mass production technology R&D plan for SSC GEM Detector Muon Subsystem (1993)

A Cathode Strip Chamber (CSC), in the SSC GEM Detector Muon Subsystem, uses honeycomb panels to precisely position the cathode readout strips that define the volume of each detector layer. These panels also support and accurately position the anode wires within each detector layer. The largest panels are approximately 1.5 meters by 3.5 meters and 20 mm thick. The panel cross-section is illustrated in Figure 1. Each panel must remain flat to 100 microns over 1.5 meters, to meet physics objectives, while serving as a key structural component of the chamber assembly. The GEM Detector uses 1,128 CSC`s (``24/36/48`` configuration) requiring a total production of approximately 10,000 precision panels (8,088 plus spares). Mass production techniques are required which can produce the large number of panels for minimal cost and within a reasonable schedule while maintaining structural and stringent physics requirements. The goal of this R&D effort is to define, develop, and verify appropriate technologies that can be fashioned into an overall fabrication process for mass production of CSC panels. In addition, panel design features are evaluated which aid in CSC assembly and internal alignment.
Linewidth enhancement factor for GaInSbAs/GaSb lasers (1991)

The linewidth enhancement factor α has been determined in GaInSbAs/GaSb lasers emitting near 1.8 μm (2 μm at RT) from the spontaneous emission spectra below threshold. For type-I lasers, where a p-n junction was located at the GaAlSbAs/GaSb heteroboundary, the measured α is 3.1 at the lasing wavelength at 82 K. In type-II lasers with the p-GaSb/GaInSbAs heterojunction α was estimated to be at least 2 times lower, that can be attributed to the formation of a quantum well structure at this heteroboundary under lasing conditions.
Rule Based Classifier Analysis with NucleotideSequence in Normal Liver Cells and CancerAffected Liver Cells (2014)

The Data mining is the process of finding correlations or patterns among dozens of fields in large relational databases. Clustering algorithm used to find groups of objects such that the objects in a group will be similar (or related) to one another and different from (or unrelated to) the objects in other groups . This paper comprises of two database such as normal liver cells and cancer affected cells. Each character variables are assigned numeric number and its corresponding pair combination of sequence are represented in a graph. In this paper ,the attempt has been made to analyze the DNA gene liver cancer dataset and normal liver cell data with reference to association and classification rule based on the FSA red algorithm and apriori algorithm. .Here this algorithm is applied to find no of occurrences for the gene dataset. After that T is replaced by U. Comparisons are made based on the Execution time and memory efficiency in finding frequent patterns. The extracted rules and analyzed results are graphically demonstrated. The performance is analyzed based on the different no of instances and confidence in DNA sequence data set.
A pharmacoeconomic analysis of rimexolone for the treatment of ophthalmic inflammatory conditions. (1998)

Topical steroids are the standard first-line therapy for treating ophthalmic inflammatory conditions. However, potent ophthalmic steroids can lead to an elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP), which can result in greater medical resource utilization and increased costs. We have developed a decision analysis model from a societal perspective to evaluate the costs and consequences of the treatment of ophthalmic inflammatory conditions with two potent topical steroids: prednisolone and rimexolone. Data for the model are based on information from clinical trials, national data-bases, published literature, and responses by ophthalmologists to a questionnaire on treatment patterns for elevated IOP. Three steroid-responsive conditions are examined separately with the model: uveitis; postoperative inflammation following cataract surgery; and other ophthalmic inflammatory conditions (blepharitis, episcleritis, postoperative refractive surgery, and corneal transplant). The model evaluates patients with acute conditions versus those with chronic conditions and those with mild to moderate elevation of IOP versus those with severe elevation of IOP. Although the unit cost of rimexolone is higher than that of prednisolone, use of rimexolone leads to cost savings because the incidence of elevated IOP is decreased. If rimexolone is used instead of prednisolone for the treatment of ophthalmic inflammatory conditions, the estimated cost saved (at 1995 AWP prices) is approximately $10 million across the entire US population. The savings across the health maintenance organization population on an annualized basis is approximately $3.9 million. Even if rimexolone were priced higher than current market charges (at 130% to 150% of the AWP of prednisolone), cost savings ranging from the $2.9 million to $720,000 would accrue with use of rimexolone compared with prednisolone. However if, rimexolone were priced at 160% of the AWP of prednisolone, its use would incur an additional cost of $300,000. The primary medical resource utilized in treating elevated IOP in ophthalmic inflammatory conditions is physician visits. Medications are responsible for only one-fifth to one-third of the total cost of treating elevated IOP. This analysis indicates that rimexolone is associated with decreased medical resource utilization and cost savings to the entire healthcare system.
The Direct Bonding of Metals to Ceramics by the Gas‐Metal Eutectic Method (1975)

The direct bonding of metals to ceramics is possible utilizing a gas‐metal eutectic. The mechanism of direct bonding of copper foil to ceramics in a slightly oxidizing atmosphere is presented. It involves the formation of eutectic melt between copper and oxygen at a temperature slightly below the melting point of copper, which serves to bring the foil into intimate contact with the substrate. A brief review of other metal‐ceramic bonding techniques is given for comparison. Metals to which this technique is applicable include Cu, Fe, Ni, Co, Ag, Cr, Mo, and Al.
The Development of Non-Radiative Probes for In Vivo Applications (2003)

Recently, the field of activatable probes has been extended from fluorescence to magnetic resonance (MR). Magnetic relaxation switches take advantage of the change in T2 relaxation time that occurs upon binding of multiple bioconjugated superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles to a target. Here, we use a model system to detect biotinilated BSA using switchable magnetic particles. The presence of the biotinilated BSA results in the aggregation of nanoparticles and leas to a substantial decrease in the T2 relaxation time. Magnetic relaxation switches show great promise for clinical in vitro diagnostics and in vivo imaging since changes in T2 are independent of the sample medium. Tests can be performed in turbid solutions without loss of sensitivity, unlike with fluorescence measurements.
Postmenopausal Uterine Inversion Associated With Endometrial Polyps (2003)

In Brief BACKGROUND Postmenopausal uterine inversion is an extremely rare gynecologic complication. We report a case of uterine inversion associated with endometrial polyps alone. CASE A postmenopausal nullipara with a history of recurrent postmenopausal bleeding was evaluated for persistent vaginal bleeding. Benign endometrial polyps were found, and the patient's symptoms improved after a therapeutic dilation and curettage. She had acute onset of profuse vaginal bleeding 3 months later and a mass protruded from the cervix. A laparotomy revealed an inverted uterus that was resolved by the Haultain technique and was followed by total abdominal hysterectomy. CONCLUSION Nonpuerperal uterine inversion associated with endometrial polyps was successfully treated surgically. Endometrial polyps were associated with nonpuerperal uterine inversion in a postmenopausal woman.
Abstract 1986: Effect of the PBD dimer SJG-136 on expression of STAT3 dependent genes (2015)

Abstract Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) regulates the transcription of genes involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune responses. STAT3 plays a crucial role in cancer progression as it is known to be over-expressed in many human tumours, including leukaemia, breast cancer and ovarian carcinoma. The pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepines (PBDs) are sequence-selective DNA minor-groove interacting agents which form an aminal linkage with the C2-NH2 group of a guanine base within the DNA minor groove. The PBD dimer SJG-136 has completed a Phase II clinical trial in ovarian cancer, and is presently being evaluated in leukaemia. There is growing evidence that PBD monomers exert their pharmacological effects through transcription factor inhibition. For example, GWL-78, a C8-linked PBD-Py-Py conjugate, has been shown to block interaction of the transcription factor NF-Y, and KMR-28-39, a GC sequence selective C8-linked PBD-MPB conjugate, inhibits transcription factors including NFκB. It has been recently observed that the PBD dimer SJG-136 can form covalent adducts with STAT3 consensus sequences. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the interaction of SJG-136 with STAT3 binding sequences is biologically relevant, and to explore whether STAT3 inhibition is one of the key mechanisms in addition to previously described DNA strand-breakage, inhibition of endonuclease and RNA polymerases, and arrest of the replication fork. We have developed an ion pair reversed phase HPLC/MS analytical methodology, and have previously demonstrated for the first time the ability of SJG-136 to bind to specific DNA consensus sequences of the transcription factors NFκB, EGR-1, AP-1 and STAT3. After completing this biophysical study, the effect of SGJ-136 on the expression of STAT3-dependent genes and proteins utilizing the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was studied using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot analyses. Briefly, cells were stimulated with LPS and incubated with various concentrations of SJG-136 for 24 hours. The cells were lysed, and gene expression profiles compared with control. The results demonstrate that SJG-136 appears to produce a significant dose-dependent down-regulation of STAT3-dependent genes including Bcl-2, cyclin D1, survivin, NNMT and fascin compared to the reference genes GAPDH, ß actin and α tubulin. These findings are in broad agreement with our bio-physical observations, have implications for understanding the mechanism of action of SJG-136, and may potentially explain the differences in activity of SJG-136 toward various tumour cell lines. Citation Format: Julia Mantaj, David E. Thurston, Khondaker M. Rahman. Effect of the PBD dimer SJG-136 on expression of STAT3 dependent genes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1986. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1986
Control of transcription of the globin gene (1975)

This report provides a more rigorous proof of previous findings that the RNA transcribed in vitro from the chromatins of different organs shows different sequence specificities. Here the particular case of the globin gene is considered for a comparison of embryonic mouse liver chromatin and mouse brain chromatin using the reverse transcriptase cDNA copy of globin 9S mRNA as a definitive probe. It can be shown that globin sequences are transcribed in vitro from embryonic liver chromatin and not brain chromatin. This specificity in liver chromatin can be reconstituted after dissociation of the structural elements of the chromatin. It can be shown that the non-histone protein fraction of liver chromatin can confer specificity for the transcription of globin sequences from brain chromatin which otherwise lacks this ability. Preliminary results are described with the Friend cell system, in which haemoglobin synthesis can be induced in vitro in the presence of dimethylsulphoxide.