gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Non-sterol regulation of low density lipoprotein receptor gene expression in T cells (1994)

Non-sterol regulation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene expression was examined in a mitogen-responsive human T cell line. Stimulation of the leukemic T cell line Jurkat with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and the calcium ionophore ionomycin rapidly and transiently increased LDL receptor mRNA levels. Inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide (CHX) or puromycin resulted in superinduction of LDL receptor mRNA levels by mitogenic stimulation. The increase in LDL receptor mRNA levels resulted from increased gene transcription rather than stabilization of mRNA half-life. Thus, similar results were obtained when reporter gene expression was assessed in Jurkat cells transfected with LDL receptor promoter constructs and mRNA half-life was not significantly altered by the stimuli. Neither mitogenic induction nor superinduction of LDL receptor mRNA levels in Jurkat cells was prevented by sterol downregulation of LDL receptor gene expression. The protein synthesis inhibitors CHX and anisomycin, but not puromycin, also directly stimulated LDL receptor mRNA levels, suggesting that these compounds could provide a signal required for LDL receptor gene transcription. Taken together, these data indicate that various non-sterol stimuli, including activation of protein kinase C, increases in intracellular calcium, inhibition of protein synthesis, and signals generated by the protein synthesis inhibitors CHX and anisomycin, induce LDL receptor gene expression. Thus, transcription of the LDL receptor gene is not only regulated by ambient sterols but also by a variety of influences that govern the various primary response or immediate early genes. These stimuli may play an important role in normal regulation of LDL receptor gene expression.
Expression and Activity of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinases in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma (2002)

Most of the TSH effects on the proliferation and differentiation of thyroid cells are mediated by cAMP via an adenylyl cyclase-activating Gs protein. TSH receptor responsiveness in cell cultures, is regulated by G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) 2 and 5. To determine whether an alteration in activity and expression of GRKs might be associated with variable levels of TSH receptor desensitization in vivo, we studied human thyroid tissues including 21 normal tissues and 18 differentiated carcinomas. GRK activity was assayed by rhodopsin phosphorylation, and GRK protein and mRNA expressions assessed by immunoblotting and real-time quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. GRK2 and GRK5 were found as the predominant isoforms in the human thyroid. GRK5 protein expression was significantly decreased in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (P < 0.02) and paralleled a decrease in GRK mRNA expression (P < 0.02). In contrast, no difference in protein and mRNA levels of GRK2 were observed between normal and cancerous thyroid tissues. Although GRK2 protein levels correlated with GRK activities, we demonstrated a significant increase in GRK activity in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (P < 0.02). Less TSH receptor desensitization occurred in differentiated carcinoma than in normal thyroid tissue, as judged by TSH-stimulated cAMP response in human thyroid cells in primary culture. In conclusion, this study indicates that GRK2 activity and GRK5 expression have opposite regulations in cancer cells. Furthermore, the decrease in GRK5 expression may underlie the reduction in homologous desensitization of the TSH receptor in differentiated thyroid carcinoma, contributing to explain the increased cAMP levels in these tumors.
Divinylbenzophenone and Poly(divinylbenzophenone): On the Synthesis of Rigid Polymeric Photosensitizers (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDivinylbenzophenone and Poly(divinylbenzophenone): On the Synthesis of Rigid Polymeric PhotosensitizersSatyendra N. Gupta, Lambertus Thijs, and Douglas C. NeckersCite this: Macromolecules 1980, 13, 5, 1037–1041Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60077a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60077a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hepatic and Systemic Effect of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Severity in Obese and Non-Obese Indian Patients (2019)

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now predominant globally due to increased sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Recently, high prevalence of NAFLD also has been documented in non-obese individuals with increased risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The systemic and hepatic manifestations of NAFLD severity in obese and non-obese Indian patients are not clear.Methods: The clinically diagnosed NAFLD patients (n=54, non-obese and obese) were assessed for liver injury and hepatic fat content by histopathology, Fibroscan and MRS. Liver biopsy and hepatic venous sampling were performed by trans-jugular approach and mRNA expression was assessed by real-time PCR.Result: High liver fat content (LFC, 20. 4 ± 10. 4%, 16 ± 11. 5% and 9. 34 ± 15. 4%) and increased abdominal obesity (WHR, 1. 03 ± 0. 06, 0. 97 ± 0. 05 and 0. 93 ± 0. 06) was observed in both obese and non-obese NAFLD patients as compare to disease control. Histopathological examination of liver indicated increased fibrosis (grade ≥ 1) in both obese (76%) and non-obese (64%) group. Significant increased levels of LBP, MDA and adipokines levels (p &lt; 0. 001) were observed in hepatic and systemic circulation of obese and non-obese groups than healthy and diseased controls. A positive correlation of biomarkers for liver injury was found between hepatic and systemic circulation. Hepatic gene expression of adipokines and cytokines also corroborated this trend among groups.Conclusion: The extent of liver injury is quite high in both non-obese and obese NAFLD patients. The drivers of injury in these patients are due to hepatic fat and SIBO induced endotoxin mediated up-regulation of proinflammatory adipocytokines and oxidant stress in liver.
Review Anatomical basis of lingual hydrostatic deformation (2007)

compression and expansion from which 3-D strain maps may be derived. Such functional data demonstrate that during physiological movements, such as protrusion, bending and swallowing, hydrostatic deformation occurs via synergistic contractions of orthogonally aligned intrinsic and extrinsic fibers. Lingual deformation can thus be represented in terms of models demonstrating that synergistic contraction of fibers at orthogonal or nearorthogonal directions to each other is a necessary condition for volume-conserving deformation. Evidence is provided in support of the supposition that hydrostatic deformation is based on the contraction of orthogonally aligned intramural fibers functioning as a mechanical continuum. Summary
The informal semantics of Answer Set Programming: A Tarskian perspective (2019)

In Knowledge Representation, it is crucial that knowledge engineers have a good understanding of the formal expressions that they write. What formal expressions state intuitively about the domain of discourse is studied in the theory of the informal semantics of a logic. In this paper we study the informal semantics of Answer Set Programming. The roots of answer set programming lie in the language of Extended Logic Programming, which was introduced initially as an epistemic logic for default and autoepistemic reasoning. In 1999, the seminal papers on answer set programming proposed to use this logic for a different purpose, namely, to model and solve search problems. Currently, the language is used primarily in this new role. However, the original epistemic intuitions lose their explanatory relevance in this new context. How answer set programs are connected to the specifications of problems they model is more easily explained in a classical Tarskian semantics, in which models correspond to possible worlds, rather than to belief states of an epistemic agent. In this paper, we develop a new theory of the informal semantics of answer set programming, which is formulated in the Tarskian setting and based on Frege's compositionality principle. It differs substantially from the earlier epistemic theory of informal semantics, providing a different view on the meaning of the connectives in answer set programming and on its relation to other logics, in particular classical logic.
Miniscrew Supported Interim Tooth Replacement: A Temporary Alternative (2012)

Replacement of congenitally missing anterior tooth poses special problems in growing patients. Because an adolescent is typically selfconscious about removing an appliance and revealing a large edentulous space, a removable single tooth partial denture or retainer is an undesirable option. The temporary anchorage devices are invasive and the best recommended for malocclusion that cannot be effectively managed with conventional mechanics. The use of orthodontic miniscrews for interim restorations before the completion of skeletal growth has been used successfully unlike osseointegrated implants lacking the compensatory growth mechanisms of the natural dentition. The following case reports show an esthetic alternative to temporary tooth replacement using miniscrews.
Supplementary Tables S1-S5 from Network Modeling of TGFβ Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Reveals Joint Sonic Hedgehog and Wnt Pathway Activation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The full names of components in the EMT network corresponding to the abbreviated node labels used in Figure 3 and Figure 5A (S1); Evidence for interactions among nodes in the EMT network (S2); Boolean update rules and initial state of the 68 node EMT network (S3); Key experimental outcomes reproduced by the EMT network model (S4); Boolean rules and initial state for the 19 node reduced EMT network (S5).&lt;/p&gt;
Detection of Clinical Depression in Adolescents’ Speech During Family Interactions (2010)

The properties of acoustic speech have previously been investigated as possible cues for depression in adults. However, these studies were restricted to small populations of patients and the speech recordings were made during patients' clinical interviews or fixed-text reading sessions. Symptoms of depression often first appear during adolescence at a time when the voice is changing, in both males and females, suggesting that specific studies of these phenomena in adolescent populations are warranted. This study investigated acoustic correlates of depression in a large sample of 139 adolescents (68 clinically depressed and 71 controls). Speech recordings were made during naturalistic interactions between adolescents and their parents. Prosodic, cepstral, spectral, and glottal features, as well as features derived from the Teager energy operator (TEO), were tested within a binary classification framework. Strong gender differences in classification accuracy were observed. The TEO-based features clearly outperformed all other features and feature combinations, providing classification accuracy ranging between 81%-87% for males and 72%-79% for females. Close, but slightly less accurate, results were obtained by combining glottal features with prosodic and spectral features (67%-69% for males and 70%-75% for females). These findings indicate the importance of nonlinear mechanisms associated with the glottal flow formation as cues for clinical depression.
Ethyl (E)-3-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2-butenoate (1998)

The general part of the experimental section [1] has been presented elsewhere.[...]
Dual-source computed tomography angiography in patients after bypass grafting - comparison with invasive coronary angiography Dwuźródłowa tomografia komputerowa tętnic wieńcowych u chorych po operacji pomostowania aortalno-wieńcowego - porównanie z inwazyjną koronarografią (2010)

Background: Assessment of bypass grafts by invasive coronary angiography (ICA) is bothersome and often requires extra procedure time, contrast load, and radiation exposure. Aim: To evaluate the ability of dual-source computed tomography angiography (CTA) to detect significant graft disease in symptomatic patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: Thirty (26 men, mean age 66 ± 9 years) consecutive post-CABG patients from the prospective ANIN Computed Tomography Angiography Registry who underwent both dual-source CTA and ICA for suspected graft disease were included in the analysis. Coronary artery bypass grafts, anastomotic sites, and distal runoffs with a diameter of ≥ 1.5 mm were evaluated for the presence of significant stenoses (≥ 50% diameter reduction). Invasive coronary angiography served as a reference standard, and was performed within 30 days of dual-source CTA. Results: A total of 58 bypass grafts with 56 anastomotic sites, and 54 distal runoffs were evaluable both in dual-source CTA and ICA. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of dual-source CTA for the detection of significant lesions in bypass grafts were 100%, 92%, 86%, and 100%, respectively. In anastomotic sites, dual-source CTA detected significant stenosis with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 96%, respectively. If analysis was restricted to distal runoff segments, sensitivity and specificity were 50% and 98%, respectively. On a per-patient basis, all patients with at least one significant graft stenosis on ICA were correctly classified using dual-source CTA. Conclusions: Dual-source CTA permits the reliable assessment of bypass graft disease with high diagnostic accuracy and can be used in clinical routine as a noninvasive test to rule out suspected graft dysfunction in symptomatic post-CABG patients.
Nonlinear Intestinal Absorption of (1.RAR.3)-.BETA.-D-Glucan Caused by Absorptive and Secretory Transporting System (2009)

The mechanism of the nonlinear concentration dependence of intestinal absorption of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan was studied using in situ rat intestinal perfusion, as well as the in vitro Ussing-type chamber method mounted with rat intestinal tissue. The intestinal absorption rate constant of a (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, laminaran, evaluated by the loop method increased significantly with increasing concentration of laminaran up to 0.5 muM in a nonlinear fashion and tended to decrease at higher concentrations. Mucosal-to-serosal directed permeation of the laminaran across rat ileal sheets evaluated by the in vitro Ussing-type chamber method also decreased in a dose-dependent fashion. Serosal-to-mucosal directed permeation decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the serosal-to-mucosal flux was reduced in the presence of metabolic inhibitor, 2,4-di-nitrophenol. These results suggest that laminaran is secreted into the intestinal lumen predominantly by the efflux transporting system. We conclude that intestinal transport of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan involves specialized transporter or something similar in both absorptive and secretory directions, and complex nonlinear intestinal absorption characteristics can be ascribed to the participation of multiple transport mechanism.
Low noise rail-to-rail amplifier runs fast at ultra low currents and targets energy harvesting (2017)

An input-output rail-to-rail buffer amplifier is presented that is low noise, fast, and operates at ultra low currents. The amplifier targets energy harvesting applications that require low cost, high volume, and rugged manufacturing by avoiding use of non-standard device configurations or special processes. The main contributions of this work are: (1) The method of lowering voltage output noise by narrow-banding an amplifier, while introducing a time dependent bias current boost that is triggered by large differential input signals. Narrowbanding an amplifier to reduce its output noise, slows its dynamic response, and this method aims to restore and boost both the amplifier's slew rate and settling time. (2) Amplifier can operate at low VDD of about VGS+2VDS, while running in subthreshold, based in standard 0.18u digital CMOS. (3) PMOSFETs are utilized as inputs, compensation capacitors, and bias resistors in both the amplifier and the boost stages, which helps optimize for yield and lower noise. More importantly, the dynamic response of both the main amplifier and the boost stage being substantially dependent on PMOSFET device parameters, facilitates a smoother dynamic response in and out of boost, over process and operating variations. Based on montecarlo (MC) and worst case (WC) simulations, the following specifications are achievable: voltage output noise (VO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nOiSe</inf> ) of 10 uv/Hz⁁1/2 at 1KHz, supply current (Idd) ∼ 500 nA; V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dd</inf> minimum ∼0.6V; rail-to-rail voltage input (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">IN</inf> ) range and output voltage (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OUT</inf> ) range of ∼ +/− 25mv from the rails; output resistor load (R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</inf> ) ∼2k Ohms; output capacitor load (C <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</inf> ) ∼1nF; slew-rate (SR) −/+ ∼ 4/2.5 v/us; settling time (t <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</inf> ) ∼ 5us to 1%; power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) −/+ ∼ 80dB/85dB, common mode rejection ration (CMRR) ∼ 125dB, unity gain bandwidth (f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> ) ∼ 20KHz with phase margin (PM) ∼ 75 degrees; open loop gain (G) ∼ 85dB; preliminary area estimate of ∼ 180 um per side.
Stratified prokaryote network in the oxic-anoxic transition of a deep-sea halocline (2006)

Microbes worth their salt Beneath the eastern Mediterranean Sea lies one of the most extreme environments on Earth capable of sustaining life. Here the seawater floats on a lake of anoxic hypersaline brine known as the Bannock basin, and a new survey has revealed a remarkable microbial community thriving at a depth of 3.3 km. Dominated by Bacteria, rather than the Archaea that often predominate in extreme conditions, this newly discovered community occupies an ecological niche defined by a layer of water less than 3 metres in height between the anoxic brine and the overlying oxygen-containing deep seawater. Within this layer, bacterial types specialized to operate in a narrow band of salinity and oxygen concentration live in a layered microbial oasis, benefitting from methane from the brine below and organic particulates from the water column above.
Silicon photonic integration in telecommunications (2015)

Silicon photonics is the guiding of light in a planar arrangement of silicon-based materials to perform various functions. We focus here on the use of silicon photonics to create transmitters and receivers for fiber-optic telecommunications. As the need to squeeze more transmission into a given bandwidth, a given footprint, and a given cost increases, silicon photonics makes more and more economic sense.
Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Carbaryl. 1. Antibody Production from Several Haptens and Characterization in Different Immunoassay Formats (1997)

With the aim of developing a highly sensitive immunoassay for the insecticide carbaryl, seven compounds were synthesized, conjugated to carrier proteins, and used as immunizing haptens in mice and rabbits. Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were subsequently obtained and characterized for their affinity to carbaryl. Three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that showed the highest affinity (I50 < 3.0 nM) were chosen for immunoassay development and further tested in the coating conjugate and coating antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbert assay (ELISA) formats, against both homologous and heterologous conjugates. Among several immunoassays developed, the combination of LIB-CNH36 MAb with the heterologous conjugate ovalbumin−N-(1-naphthoyl)-6-aminohexanoic acid in the coating conjugate ELISA format afforded the highest sensitivity for carbaryl determination (I50 = 1.1 nM). This work also provided some insights into the influence of the immunizing hapten structure on the affinity of the antibodies obtained, as well as into the effect of the ELISA format and hapten heterology on the assay sensitivity. Keywords: ELISA; immunoassay; carbaryl; monoclonal antibody; N-methylcarbamate; pesticide; hapten design; hapten heterology; ELISA format
Measurement of the polarisation of single top quarks and antiquarks produced in the t-channel at $ \\sqrt{s} $ = 13 TeV and bounds on the tWb dipole operator from the ATLAS experiment (2022)

A bstract A simultaneous measurement of the three components of the top-quark and top-antiquark polarisation vectors in t -channel single-top-quark production is presented. This analysis is based on data from proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 , collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Selected events contain exactly one isolated electron or muon, large missing transverse momentum and exactly two jets, one being b -tagged. Stringent selection requirements are applied to discriminate t -channel single-top-quark events from the background contributions. The top-quark and top-antiquark polarisation vectors are measured from the distributions of the direction cosines of the charged-lepton momentum in the top-quark rest frame. The three components of the polarisation vector for the selected top-quark event sample are $ {P}_{x^{\\prime }} $ P x ′ = 0 . 01 ± 0 . 18, $ {P}_{y^{\\prime }} $ P y ′ = − 0 . 029 ± 0 . 027, $ {P}_{z^{\\prime }} $ P z ′ = 0 . 91 ± 0 . 10 and for the top-antiquark event sample they are $ {P}_{x^{\\prime }} $ P x ′ = − 0 . 02 ± 0 . 20, $ {P}_{y^{\\prime }} $ P y ′ = − 0 . 007 ± 0 . 051, $ {P}_{z^{\\prime }} $ P z ′ = 0 . 79 ± 0 . 16. Normalised differential cross-sections corrected to a fiducial region at the stable-particle level are presented as a function of the charged-lepton angles for top-quark and top-antiquark events inclusively and separately. These measurements are in agreement with Standard Model predictions. The angular differential cross-sections are used to derive bounds on the complex Wilson coefficient of the dimension-six $ \\mathcal{O} $ O tW operator in the framework of an effective field theory. The obtained bounds are C tW ∈ [ − 0 . 9 , 1 . 4] and C itW ∈ [ − 0 . 8 , 0 . 2], both at 95% confidence level.
Structure of Levorin A3, a Minor Component of Levorin Complex. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.