gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Post-Annealing on the Characteristics of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Thin Films Deposited by Liquid Delivery MOCVD Using a Cocktail Solution (2003)

Ferroelectric PZT thin films were deposited by liquid delivery MOCVD using a cocktail solution. The cocktail solution consisted of Pb(METHD)2, Zr(METHD)4 and Ti(MPD)(METHD)2 diluted with ethylcyclohexane. The films deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si at a substrate temperature of 500°C consisted of PZT, PbO and PbPtx, and showed poor properties. However, after annealing at 450°C in air for thirty minutes, the PbPtx phase disappeared while the volume of the PbO phase increased. The hysteresis properties were also improved by annealing at 450°C. After annealing at 600°C in air for thirty minutes, the PbPtx and the PbO phases disappeared perfectly and the PZT thin films showed good hysteresis properties with the remanent polarization of 30 μC/cm2 and the coercive field of 88 kV/cm.
Effect of Dried-Bonito Broth (Katsuo-bushi dashi) on Mental Fatigue and Stress Caused by Simple Workload and Task Performance (2007)

鰹節だしの継続摂取が単純作業負荷によって生じる精神疲労やストレス，および作業効率に対する影響について，健常な成人女性を対象として調査を行った．1週間の非摂取期間の後，被験者に鰹だしを1週間摂取させた．非摂取期間後および鰹節だし摂取期間後に評価を実施した．単純作業負荷として内田-クレペリンテスト(UKP)を行い，UKPの前後にProfile of Mood States(POMS)による気分·感情状態の調査，フリッカー値の測定ならびに唾液コルチゾールの測定を行った．非摂取期間後には，UKP負荷後のフリッカー値は負荷前に比べて有意に低値を示したが，鰹節だし摂取期間後には負荷前後で有意な変化は見られなかった．負荷前の唾液コルチゾール値は非摂取期間後に比べて鰹節だし摂取期間後に有意に低下した．さらに，鰹節だし摂取期間後のUKPの誤答率は，非摂取期間後の誤答率と比較して，有意に低値を示した．これらの結果から，鰹節だしの継続摂取により，単純作業負荷時に精神的疲労が少なくなる傾向，ストレス応答が低下する傾向ならびに計算作業効率の低下が抑制される可能性が示唆された．
Influence of Annealing Temperature on Properties of ZnO:(Li,N) Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Method (2016)

Asian Journal of Chemistry, a Multidisciplinary Chemistry Journal is an Peer Reviewed International Journal and publishes from India. The journal has been established since January 1989 on a firm foundation of International Quality Research. This Journal encompasses all branches of chemistry and its sub – disciplines like Pharmaceutical, Biological activities of Synthetic Drugs, Environmental Chemistry, Biochemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Petroleum Chemistry, and Agricultural Chemistry, etc.
Significantly improving lossy compression quality based on an optimized hybrid prediction model (2019)

With the ever-increasing volumes of data produced by today's large-scale scientific simulations, error-bounded lossy compression techniques have become critical: not only can they significantly reduce the data size but they also can retain high data fidelity for postanalysis. In this paper, we design a strategy to improve the compression quality significantly based on an optimized, hybrid prediction model. Our contribution is fourfold. (1) We propose a novel, transform-based predictor and optimize its compression quality. (2) We significantly improve the coefficient-encoding efficiency for the data-fitting predictor. (3) We propose an adaptive framework that can select the best-fit predictor accurately for different datasets. (4) We evaluate our solution and several existing state-of-the-art lossy compressors by running real-world applications on a supercomputer with 8,192 cores. Experiments show that our adaptive compressor can improve the compression ratio by 112~165% compared with the second-best compressor. The parallel I/O performance is improved by about 100% because of the significantly reduced data size. The total I/O time is reduced by up to 60X with our compressor compared with the original I/O time.
Severe streptococcal infection is associated with M protein‐induced platelet activation and thrombus formation (2007)

Disturbed haemostasis is a central finding in severe Streptococcus pyogenes infection. In particular, microthrombi are found both at the local site of infection and at distant sites. Platelets are responsible for maintaining vascular function and haemostasis. We report here that M1 protein of S. pyogenes triggers immune-mediated platelet activation and thrombus formation. M1 protein is released from the bacterial surface and forms complexes with plasma fibrinogen. These complexes bind to the fibrinogen receptor on resting platelets. When these complexes also contain immunoglobulin G (IgG) against M1 protein, this will engage the Fc receptor on the platelets and activation will occur. Activation of the platelets leads to platelet aggregation and the generation of platelet-rich thrombi. Neutrophils and monocytes are in turn activated by the platelets. Platelet thrombi are deposited in the microvasculature, and aggregated platelets, IgG and M1 protein colocalize in biopsies from patients diagnosed with S. pyogenes toxic shock syndrome. This chain of events results in a pro-coagulant and pro-inflammatory state typical of severe S. pyogenes infection.
Microstructure Controlled Shear Band Pattern Formation and Enhanced Plasticity of Bulk Metallic Glasses Containingin situFormed Ductile Phase Dendrite Dispersions (2000)

Results are presented for a ductile metal reinforced bulk metallic glass matrix composite based on glass forming compositions in the Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be system. Primary dendrite growth and solute partitioning in the molten state yields a microstructure consisting of a ductile crystalline Ti-Zr-Nb beta phase, with bcc structure, in a Zr-Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Be bulk metallic glass matrix. Under unconstrained mechanical loading organized shear band patterns develop throughout the sample. This results in a dramatic increase in the plastic strain to failure, impact resistance, and toughness of the metallic glass.
Additive nanomanufacturing of electronics with high electrical and mechanical performance (2023)

A novel additive nanomanufacturing (ANM) technique capable of dry-printing functional materials and devices with high electrical and mechanical performances is presented in this talk. The mechanical behavior of the ANM-printed silver lines on polyimide substrates under bending and cycling tests up to 1 million cycles at different bending radii is studied. The results show that ANM-printed silver lines have nearly no change in resistivity even after 1 million bending cycles. These tests validated its good electrical conductivity and functionality of the printed devices under different strain which makes the ANM as a potential technique for printing flexible electronics and devices.
Modified Posterolateral Approach for Pterygium Colli (2018)

Pterygium colli is a congenital deformity associated with malformation syndromes. Various surgical procedures have been reported, but these procedures have advantages and disadvantages. The modified posterolateral approach has been reported as a new surgical procedure for pterygium colli. However, there has been no confirmatory report. In this study, a case of pterygium colli that was treated with the modified posterolateral approach was reported.An 11-year-old girl with Turner syndrome was referred with chief complaints of web neck deformity and an abnormal hairline. The modified posterolateral approach was selected. Hairy excessive skin was excised at the posterolateral and posterior neck. An inferior skin incision was made parallel to the hairline, and a superior skin incision was made along the desired hairline. Hairless excessive skin was excised along the posterior midline of the neck. Undermining was extended over the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and flaps were rotated upward and inward. Z-plasty was performed at the posterior midline of the neck to prevent hypertrophic scar formation. The web neck deformity disappeared, but the patient expressed concern for excessive skin at the posterior midline. Thus, secondary surgery was performed 12 months later. The operative scar was opened 2 months after secondary surgery owing to suture abscess, and the wound was closed directly. The web neck deformity had not recurred, and the natural hairline was maintained at 65 months after the primary surgery.The modified posterolateral approach is beneficial for pterygium colli, because it allows the correction of the web neck deformity and abnormal hairline without a noticeable scar.
Distributed and Multiplexed Fiber Optic Sensors and their Applications to Smart Structures and Smart Materials (2005)

We have studied “fiber optic nerve systems” for “smart structures and smart materials,” in which an optical fiber acts as a sensor to measure distribution of strain or pressure along it. In our laboratory, an original technique has been developed to analyze the distributed optical parameters along the fiber by use of synthesis of correlation characteristics of continuous lightwave. By this technique, “fiber optic nerve systems” with a high spatial resolution and a fast measurement speed have been developed.
Classifying Dialogue Acts in Multi-party Live Chats (2012)

We consider the task of classifying chat contributions by dialogue act in a multi-party setting. This extends the problem significantly over the 1-1 chat scenario due to the semiasynchronous and “entangled ” nature of the contributions by chat participants. We experiment with a number of machine learning approaches, using different categories of features:
High-speed III-V semiconductor intensity modulators (1991)

A description is given of a GaAs-AlGaAs, loaded-line traveling-wave modulator which has achieved bandwidths up to 36 GHz to date with low (<6 V) drive voltage into a 50 Omega device. The loaded-line design concept is able to combine the high efficiency of vertical p-i-n-type phase modulators with a velocity-matched 50 Omega structure to obtain very high bandwidth/voltage ratios. At 1150 nm, a bandwidth of 25 GHz for V/sub pi /=4.85 V typically represents the performance. At 1300 nm, the bandwidth is unchanged but the drive voltage is higher by the expected wavelength-ratio factor. Reduced drive voltage can be obtained without bandwidth sacrifice by choosing a wavelength close to the material band edge. Threefold enhancement in AlGaAs at short wavelength is demonstrated (lumped only, to date).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Kinetics of sol‐to‐gel transition for poloxamer polyols (1991)

Abstract Kinetics of gelation for aqueous solutions of poloxamers 407 and 288 were determined using pulse shearometry. The principle of this method for determining the shear modulus of a semisolid was based on generation of a torsional force that is transmitted through the poloxamer sample at discrete time intervals. Three distinct linear phases were observed for the log dynamic shear modulus ( G ′) vs. time profiles as poloxamer 407 and 288 solutions of varying concentrations were allowed to passively warm at room temperature to a temperature exceeding the sol‐to‐gel transition temperature, T m . The beginning of the second exponential phase coincided with the onset of the gelation process as determined by visual observation. Although gelation appeared visually to be complete at the beginning of the third exponential phase of the log G ′ vs. time profiles, this last exponential phase may indicate the rate of formation of the polymer network. A comparison of poloxamer 407 [30% (w/w); T m = 10.9°C] and poloxamer 288 [37% (w/w); T m = 11.1°C] would suggest that the concentration of poloxamer required to achieve approximately the same gelation temperature for poloxamers having a similar ratio of poly(oxypropylene):poly(oxyethylene) units decreases with increasing molecular weight of the poly(oxypropylene) hydrophobe contained in the copolymer. Results of these preliminary studies suggest that the gelation process was significantly ( p &lt; .05) more rapid for poloxamer 407 at a 30% (w/w) concentration compared to a 30% (w/w) solution of poloxamer 288 when the poloxamer solutions were allowed to passively warm at room temperature. In addition, it appears that the rate of gelation for the poloxamer solutions studied was dependent on the rate of heat transfer through the polymer solution.
Effect of packet size on TCP-Reno performance over lossy, congested links (2002)

This paper investigates the performance of a single TCP-Reno connection over a lossy, congested link as a function of TCP packet size on the forward link and the ratio /spl alpha/ of forward-to-reverse link capacity measured in terms of packets/sec. /spl alpha/>1 constitutes the primary scenario of interest since the reverse link (for the ACK) is a bottleneck, which directly impacts the forward link throughput. Congestion at the forward buffer is induced by assuming buffer size to be significantly less than the bandwidth-delay product of the round-trip connection. Further, forward link error characteristics are modeled as a continuous-time two-state Markov chain, where packets are either transmitted free of errors (good state) or lost (bad state). By tuning the model parameters, the link error process can be made to vary from independent loss to (highly) correlated loss scenarios. Results show that TCP-Reno performance benefits from larger packet sizes for connections dominated by link errors; throughput is less sensitive to packet size when the connection is dominated by forward path congestion. Additionally, performance sensitivity to variation of forward buffer size and the round-trip propagation delay is discussed and supported by simulation results using ns-2 network simulator.
Application of Lipidomics in Psychiatry: Plasma-Based Potential Biomarkers in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder (2023)

In this study, we obtained a lipidomic profile of plasma samples from drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) in comparison to healthy controls. The sample cohort consisted of 30 BD and 30 SZ patients and 30 control individuals. An untargeted lipidomics strategy using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry was employed to obtain the lipid profiles. Data were preprocessed, then univariate (<i>t</i>-test) and multivariate (principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis) statistical tools were applied to select differential lipids, which were putatively identified. Afterward, multivariate receiver operating characteristic tests were performed, and metabolic pathway networks were constructed, considering the differential lipids. Our results demonstrate alterations in distinct lipid pathways, especially in glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids and glycerolipids, between SZ and BD patients. The results obtained in this study may serve as a basis for differential diagnosis, which is crucial for effective treatment and improving the quality of life of patients with psychotic disorders.
On the Benefits of Separating the Heat Transfer Section and Analyzing Elementary Thermodynamic Cycles in Energy Systems Analysis (2008)

The search for increasing performance and efficiency in energy system analysis leads to complex and highly integrated systems configurations. In a wide variety of energy systems the high integration among components derives from the need of correctly exploiting all the internal heat sources by a proper matching with the internal heat sinks. To address this problem in a general way, in previous works it was suggested to extract from the system flowsheet a “basic configuration” including the components different from the heat exchangers (named “basic” components) and a set of hot and cold thermal flows (without considering the heat exchangers that realize the heat transfer among them). It was also shown how the comprehension of the processes occurring within the system can be strongly facilitated by analyzing separately the elementary thermodynamic cycles involved in the system processes. In this paper, a further step is done by considering the overall efficiency as a baseline efficiency, obtained from the contributions of the separate elementary cycles, with the additional contribution given by the thermal coupling (i.e. the internal heat transfer) among the cycles themselves. The advantages of this analysis are shown using the evolution of the STIG cycle towards more complex system configurations as an example of application.
Über den photochemischen abbau von polyurethanen (1973)

Abstract Einwirkung von Licht und Sauerstoff bei Raumtemperatur auf Polyurethane, die aus aromatischen Diisocyanaten und Diolen hergestellt wurden, führt zur Bildung von primären aromatischen Amino‐ und Hydroperoxy‐Gruppen. Oxidation der NH 2 ‐Gruppen und Radikalreaktionen beim Zerfall der HOO‐Gruppen führen zur Verfärbung des Hochpolymeren. Die Bildung der NH 2 ‐Gruppen und HOO‐Gruppen kann durch die Qualität der Ausgangs‐verbindungen, Reaktionsführung und geeignete Zusätze eingeschränkt werden. Diese Gruppen lassen sich durch Alkylierungsmittel bzw. Trioxo‐ s ‐triazin (Isocyanurat) abfangen. Polyurethane, die aus aliphatischen Diisocyanaten hergestellt wurden, unterliegen ebenfalls der Alterung.
Immunogenicity of tetanus toxoid conjugates of anti-idiotypes that mimic Pseudomonas aeruginosa surface polysaccharides (1994)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa continues to be a serious pathogen in humans, and there is no commercially available vaccine. We have previously developed monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies that mimic two surface polysaccharide epitopes of pseudomonas--the high-molecular-weight polysaccharide of the O side chain of immunotype 1 lipopolysaccharide and mucoid exopolysaccharide. We now show that conjugation of the anti-idiotypes to the carrier tetanus toxoid is not necessary to induce antipolysaccharide antibodies of equal or greater titer than the native polysaccharide antigen in mice.
A survey of web log data and their application in use-based design (2005)

Web-based logs contain potentially useful data with which designers can assess the usability and effectiveness of their choices. Most guides to World Wide Web (Web) design derived from artistic or usability principles feature no empirical validation, while empirical studies of Web use typically rely on observer ratings. Several sources of unobtrusive usage data are available to Web designers, including Web server logs, client-side logs, and other data. The naturally-occurring traces recorded in these logs offer a rich data source, amenable to normative use assessments and to experimental research comparing alternative Web designs. Identification of types of Web server logs, client logs, types and uses of log data, and issues associated with the validity these data, are enumerated. Finally, frameworks that outline how sources of use-based data can be triangulated to assess Web design are illustrated, and an approach to experimentation that overcomes many log data validity issues is presented.
Algorithms for enhancing pattern separability, feature selection and incremental learning with applications to gas sensing electronic nose systems (2000)

Three major issues in pattern recognition and data analysis have been addressed in this study and applied to the problem of identification of volatile organic compounds (VOC) for gas sensing applications. Various approaches have been proposed and discussed. These approaches are not only applicable to the VOC identification, but also to a variety of pattern recognition and data analysis problems. In particular, (1) enhancing pattern separability for challenging classification problems, (2) optimum feature selection problem, and (3) incremental learning for neural networks have been investigated. 
Three different approaches are proposed for enhancing pattern separability for classification of closely spaced, or possibly overlapping clusters. In the neurofuzzy approach, a fuzzy inference system that considers the dynamic ranges of individual features is developed. Feature range stretching (FRS) is introduced as an alternative approach for increasing intercluster distances by mapping the tight dynamic range of each feature to a wider range through a nonlinear function. Finally, a third approach, nonlinear cluster transformation (NCT), is proposed, which increases intercluster distances while preserving intracluster distances. It is shown that NCT achieves comparable, or better, performance than the other two methods at a fraction of the computational burden. The implementation issues and relative advantages and disadvantages of these approaches are systematically investigated. 
Selection of optimum features is addressed using both a decision tree based approach, and a wrapper approach. The hill-climb search based wrapper approach is applied for selection of the optimum features for gas sensing problems. 
Finally, a new method, Learn++, is proposed that gives classification algorithms, the capability of incrementally learning from new data. Learn++ is introduced for incremental learning of new data, when the original database is no longer available. Learn++ algorithm is based on strategically combining an ensemble of classifiers, each of which is trained to learn only a small portion of the pattern space. Furthermore, Learn++ is capable of learning new data even when new classes are introduced, and it also features a built-in mechanism for estimating the reliability of its classification decision. 
All proposed methods are explained in detail and simulation results are discussed along with directions for future work.
Supplementary Table 2 from Notch Signaling Activated by Replication Stress–Induced Expression of Midkine Drives Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Notch Signaling Activated by Replication Stress–Induced Expression of Midkine Drives Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Cancer
Shipborne lidar for hydrological research (2008)

This paper describes a shipborne lidar layout intended for studying the sea in the interests of ecology and bathymetry. The results of full-scale observations by means of lidar of the upper layers of the sea and its bottom are presented. It is shown to be possible to detect scattering formations in water and to record the sea-bottom profile at a depth greater than 50m.
Multi-scale shape prior using wavelet packet representation and independent component analysis (2007)

Statistical shape priors try to faithfully represent the full range of biological variations in anatomical structures. These priors are now widely used to restrict shapes; obtained in applications like segmentation and registration; to a subspace of plausible shapes. Principle component analysis (PCA) is commonly used to represent modes of shape variations in a training set. In an attempt to face some of the limitations in the PCA-based shape model, this paper describes a new multi-scale shape prior using independent component analysis (ICA) and adaptive wavelet decomposition. Within a best basis selection framework, the proposed method benefits from the multi-scale nature of wavelet packets, and the capability of ICA to capture higher order statistics in wavelet subspaces. The proposed approach is evaluated using contours from digital x-ray images of five vertebrae of human spine. We demonstrate the ability of the proposed shape prior to capture both local and global shape variations, even with limited number of training samples. Our results also show the performance gains of the ICA-based analysis for the wavelet sub-spaces, as compared to PCA-based analysis approach.