gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phenolic toxicity—detection and classification through the use of a recombinant bioluminescentEscherichia coli (2001)

A genetically engineered Escherichia coli strain, DPD2540, containing a fabA::luxCDABE fusion that gives a bioluminescent output when membrane fatty acids are limited was used to determine the extent to which phenolics result in the limitation of membrane fatty acids. Tested phenolics were found to be classifiable into two groups according to the bioluminescent response they elicited and their pKa. A dose-dependent bioluminescent response, due to fatty acid limitation, was seen for phenolics with pKa values greater than seven, which exist mainly in the protonated form (HA), while no significant bioluminescent response was seen, compared with the control, for phenolics with pKa values lower than seven, which exist almost entirely as A-. A newly modified distribution model for phenolic compounds in the cellular membrane is proposed and used to predict the bioluminescent response induced by group I phenolics and the cellular toxicity for both groups. The [HA]*, obtained with this model, shows good correlation with the various bioluminescent responses produced by group I phenolics. It was also found that the distribution ratio between the medium and the cell membrane, K1, calculated as well using the proposed model, is a good representative parameter for the cellular toxicity of the phenolic compounds according to their substituted groups when compared with the conventional method of using the octanol-water partition coefficient, log Kow. As a new parameter, the critical concentration was also shown to be a good representative of the cellular toxicity for group I phenolics to the Escherichia coli cells.
Nonlinear screening and percolative transition in a two-dimensional electron liquid (2004)

A variational method is proposed for calculating the percolation threshold, the real-space structure, and the ground-state energy of a disordered two-dimensional electron liquid. Its high accuracy is verified against exact asymptotics and prior numerical results. The inverse thermodynamical density of states is shown to have a strongly asymmetric minimum at a density that is approximately the triple of the percolation threshold. This implies that the experimentally observed metal-insulator transition takes place well before the percolation point is reached.
AUTOMATIC GENERATION OF INDOOR NAVIGABLE SPACE USING A POINT CLOUDAND ITS SCANNER TRAJECTORY (2017)

Abstract. Automatic generation of indoor navigable models is mostly based on 2D floor plans. However, in many cases the floor plans are out of date. Buildings are not always built according to their blue prints, interiors might change after a few years because of modified walls and doors, and furniture may be repositioned to the user’s preferences. Therefore, new approaches for the quick recording of indoor environments should be investigated. This paper concentrates on laser scanning with a Mobile Laser Scanner (MLS) device. The MLS device stores a point cloud and its trajectory. If the MLS device is operated by a human, the trajectory contains information which can be used to distinguish different surfaces. In this paper a method is presented for the identification of walkable surfaces based on the analysis of the point cloud and the trajectory of the MLS scanner. This method consists of several steps. First, the point cloud is voxelized. Second, the trajectory is analysing and projecting to acquire seed voxels. Third, these seed voxels are generated into floor regions by the use of a region growing process. By identifying dynamic objects, doors and furniture, these floor regions can be modified so that each region represents a specific navigable space inside a building as a free navigable voxel space. By combining the point cloud and its corresponding trajectory, the walkable space can be identified for any type of building even if the interior is scanned during business hours.
Effect of soy protein-rich diet on renal function in young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (2005)

Implementation of a soy-based diet appears to reduce the GFR and total and LDL cholesterol of young adults with type 1 diabetes and glomerular hyperfiltration, thus affecting positively their clinical profile.
Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of SB204 Gel in Adolescents (9 to 17 Years of Age) with Acne Vulgaris (2018)

Abstract not available. Disclosures: Study sponsored by Novan. Copyright 2018 SKIN
Synthesis of linear aliphatic polycarbonate macroglycols using dimethylcarbonate (2008)

Abstract A series of linear aliphatic polycarbonate polyols were synthesized using dimethylcarbonate and a linear alkane diol or specific combinations of linear alkane diols. Polyol synthesis was carried out in a two‐stage process using dimethylcarbonate and a linear alkane diol to prepare a series of homopolymer polycarbonate polyols. Polyol grades were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetery techniques. Suitable reaction conditions were developed to yield polycarbonate polyols of number average molecular weight between 700 and 1700. The crystallinity of the polycarbonate polyols was shown to reduce as the molecular weight of the alkane diols used in the polycarbonate synthesis was increased. These polymers offer the potential for use in the synthesis of ether free polyurethane elastomers for biomedical applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESES OF ALCOHOLS. IV. CONFORMATIONAL FACTORS DETERMINING G THE STEREOCHEMISTRY OF THE ALLYL SULFOXIDE‐ALLYL SULFENATE REARRANGEMENT (1980)

Abstract Aus der Stereochemie der [23] sigmatropen Umlagerung der konformativ fixierten Allylsulfoxide (II) kann man eine 6.2fache Präferenz für eine axiale Neuknüpfung der C‐O‐Bindung ableiten, die über eine 3.1fache Präferenz für einen exo‐Übergangszustand dominiert.
Measurement and correction of systematic odometry errors in mobile robots (1996)

Odometry is the most widely used method for determining the momentary position of a mobile robot. This paper introduces practical methods for measuring and reducing odometry errors that are caused by the two dominant error sources in differential-drive mobile robots: 1) uncertainty about the effective wheelbase; and 2) unequal wheel diameters. These errors stay almost constant over prolonged periods of time. Performing an occasional calibration as proposed here will increase the odometric accuracy of the robot and reduce operation cost because an accurate mobile robot requires fewer absolute positioning updates. Many manufacturers or end-users calibrate their robots, usually in a time-consuming and nonsystematic trial and error approach. By contrast, the method described in this paper is systematic, provides near-optimal results, and it can be performed easily and without complicated equipment. Experimental results are presented that show a consistent improvement of at least one order of magnitude in odometric accuracy (with respect to systematic errors) for a mobile robot calibrated with our method.
Nonlinear Response of the Anterior Cingulate and Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia as a Function of Variable Attentional Control (2009)

Previous studies have reported abnormal prefrontal and cingulate activity during attentional control processing in schizophrenia. However, it is not clear how variation in attentional control load modulates activity within these brain regions in this brain disorder. The aim of this study in schizophrenia is to investigate the impact of increasing levels of attentional control processing on prefrontal and cingulate activity. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses of 16 outpatients with schizophrenia were compared with those of 21 healthy subjects while performing a task eliciting increasing levels of attentional control during event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging at 3 T. Results showed reduced behavioral performance in patients at greater attentional control levels. Imaging data indicated greater prefrontal activity at intermediate attentional control levels in patients but greater prefrontal and cingulate responses at high attentional control demands in controls. The BOLD activity profile of these regions in controls increased linearly with increasing cognitive loads, whereas in patients, it was nonlinear. Correlation analysis consistently showed differential region and load-specific relationships between brain activity and behavior in the 2 groups. These results indicate that varying attentional control load is associated in schizophrenia with load- and region-specific modification of the relationship between behavior and brain activity, possibly suggesting earlier saturation of cognitive capacity.
Update on Nexceris' SOFC Stack Technology (2017)

Over the past several years, Nexceris has been designing high efficiency SOFC systems based on Nexceris' high power density, sulfur tolerant, and internal reforming stack attributes. This work is supported by utilizing an in-house built process model which can accurately predict stack and system performance over a wide array of operating conditions (starting fuel, reforming conditions, fuel flow rate and utilization, cell area, number of cells, etc.). Nexceris currently is demonstrating its SOFC technology at 1-5 kW scale via in-furnace stack testing, ex-furnace hot box testing, and breadboard system testing. This paper will provide a status update on Nexceris' SOFC technology and design capabilities.
Intrinsic localized states and nonlinear excitations of Bloch electrons in electric fields (2001)

Bloch electrons with Coulomb interaction will take localized motion on a discrete lattice in the electric fields. They are always oscillatory in time, with oscillatory frequencies determined by electric fields. Their nonlinear excitations are the spatially localized and time periodic or quasiperiodic, and possess multiple frequencies and comprise multiple soliton components.
Temporins A and B Stimulate Migration of HaCaT Keratinocytes and Kill Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus (2014)

The growing number of microbial pathogens resistant to available antibiotics is a serious threat to human life. Among them is the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, which colonizes keratinocytes, the most abundant cell type in the epidermis. Its intracellular accumulation complicates treatments against resulting infections, mainly due to the limited diffusion of conventional drugs into the cells. Temporins A (Ta) and B (Tb) are short frog skin antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Despite extensive studies regarding their antimicrobial activity, very little is known about their activity on infected cells or involvement in various immunomodulatory functions. Here we show that Tb kills both ATCC-derived and multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of S. aureus within infected HaCaT keratinocytes (80% and 40% bacterial mortality, respectively) at a nontoxic concentration, i.e., 16 μM, whereas a weaker effect is displayed by Ta. Furthermore, the peptides prevent killing of keratinocytes by the invading bacteria. Further studies revealed that both temporins promote wound healing in a monolayer of HaCaT cells, with front speed migrations of 19 μm/h and 12 μm/h for Ta and Tb, respectively. Migration is inhibited by mitomycin C and involves the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. Finally, confocal fluorescence microscopy indicated that the peptides diffuse into the cells. By combining antibacterial and wound-healing activities, Ta and Tb may act as multifunctional mediators of innate immunity in humans. Particularly, their nonendogenous origin may reduce microbial resistance to them as well as the risk of autoimmune diseases in mammals.
Transient response of piezoelectric thin-film vibration sensor under pulse excitation (2006)

We present an analytical model to describe the transient response of a piezoelectric thin-film vibration sensor under pulse excitation. The structure of the thin-film vibration sensor consists of four suspended flexural piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate-on-silicon beam transducers and a central seismic mass. The model takes into account the effect of device geometry and materials properties of the piezoelectric thin film. The relationships between the dynamic behavior and voltage sensitivity with the device’s structure are established. It is found that with the increase of initial vibration magnitude U0 and reciprocal time constant α(α=1∕τ) of the excitation, the maximum voltage sensitivity increases, and the maximum output voltage decreases with the increase of the resonance frequency. When damping is taken into account, the output voltage of the device under pulse excitation is simply an exponentially decaying function of time. The results can be readily applied for design and fabrication of the on-chip vibration sensor or accelerometer.
Prostate Cancer Biomarker Profiles in Urinary Sediments and Exosomes (2013)

Exosomes have characteristics that enable them to serve as a stable substrate for biomarker analysis. Thus, digital rectal examination enhances the analytical performance of biomarker analysis in exosomes and cell pellets. The diagnostic performance of biomarkers in exosomes differs from that of cell pellets. Clinical usefulness must be prospectively assessed in larger clinical cohorts.
An Automated System for Producing Uniform Surface Deposits of Dry Particles (2000)

A laboratory system has been constructed that uniformly deposits dry particles onto any type of test surface. Devised as a quality assurance tool for the purpose of evaluating surface sampling methods for lead, it also may be used to generate test surfaces for any contaminant that uses particles or dust as a transport mechanism. Additionally, it may be used to spike surfaces for studies concerning particle transport, resuspension, reentrainment, and exposure. The electromechanical system includes a rugged aluminum chamber housing deposition equipment, a computer-controlled positioning system, and a 0.61 x 0.61 m target surface area (2 x 2 ft). Media used to evaluate the system have included glass beads of various size fractions (physical diameters between 30 and 500 microm), and Arizona Test Dust (aerodynamic diameters between 1 and 80 microm). Presieved particle size fractions may be used individually to study the effects of monodisperse particles, or may be mixed to create custom polydisperse size distributions. Using arrays of 16 coupons placed on the surface to collect representative samples from every test, the uniformity of the particle deposition can be quantified. The system achieved an average coefficient of variation of less than 20% for the 16 coupons for the particle types and sizes mentioned above and for a variety of total surface loadings (0.3-19 g/m2). Calculations of the system's repeatability (as the average coefficient of variation of mass gains for individual coupon locations compared across multiple identically configured runs) yielded approximately 10 +/- 5% (one standard deviation). Tests of the system's accuracy, defined as the absolute percentage difference between predicted surface loadings and actual loadings, yielded 3.7 +/- 1.3% (one standard deviation).
ASRA Practice Advisory on Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity (2010)

The American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Practice Advisory on Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity assimilates and summarizes current knowledge regarding the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this potentially fatal complication. It offers evidence-based and/or expert opinion-based recommendations for all physicians and advanced practitioners who routinely administer local anesthetics in potentially toxic doses. The advisory does not address issues related to local anesthetic-related neurotoxicity, allergy, or methemoglobinemia. Recommendations are based primarily on animal and human experimental trials, case series, and case reports. When objective evidence is lacking or incomplete, recommendations are supplemented by expert opinion from the Practice Advisory Panel plus input from other experts, medical specialty groups, and open forum. Specific recommendations are offered for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of local anesthetic systemic toxicity.
Optical sensing of neural activity in brain tissues (2009)

This study, for the first time to our knowledge, demonstrated the spectral measurement of neural activity in brain tissues. Since the conventional optical sensing methods of brain activity suffered from the time delay of several seconds, this paper is aimed to a fundamental study for the development of a fast sensing technique free from the latency. For this purpose, we first investigated how the optical properties of the brain tissue change during neural activation even without the neurovascular coupling. We monitored the near-infrared (NIR) transmission and reflection spectra of a rat cortical slice while electrically evoking and recording neural activity. As the result, we found an optical change closely correlated with neural activity, which was verified by using the tetrodotoxin (TTX). In addition, we constructed a novel neuron model to verify our hypothesis on the origin of the optical signals.
Randomised controlled trial of the use of three dressing preparations in the management of chronic ulceration of the foot in diabetes (2009)

Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN78366977.
Time‐temperature superposition and dynamic mechanical behavior of atactic polystyrene (1987)

Abstract The dynamic mechanical behavior of monodisperse atactic polystyrene (mol. wt. 98,000) has been measured in the frequency range, 10 −5 to 10 Hz and temperature range 359–374K. The time‐temperature superposition of the entire data in the frequency range of overlap seems less satisfactory in both the real and imaginary components of the complex shear modulus, G ′ and G ″, respectively. The lack of adequate superposition becomes pronounced in the tan ϕ ( G ″/ G ′) plots. The tan ϕ plots provide a more discerning criteria for the superposition than the G ′ or G ″ spectra. An analysis based on an earlier model for anelastic deformation shows that of the several changes that may occur in the dynamic mechanical behavior on heating of polystyrene, the predominant ones are both an increase in the size of the microshear domains and the correlations of movement of segments near entanglements. These decrease the contribution to the modulus on heating near T g so that the time‐temperature superposition is vitiated.
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Human Airway Cilia Identifies Previously Uncharacterized Proteins of High Abundance (2017)

Cilia are essential to many diverse cellular processes. Although many major axonemal components have been identified and studied, how they interact to form a functional axoneme is not completely understood. To further our understanding of the protein composition of human airway cilia, we performed a semiquantitative analysis of ciliary axonemes using label-free LC/MS<sup>E</sup>, which identified over 400 proteins with high confidence. Tubulins were the most abundant proteins identified, with evidence of 20 different isoforms obtained. Twelve different isoforms of axonemal dynein heavy chain were also identified. Absolute quantification of the nontubulin components demonstrated a greater than 75-fold range of protein abundance (RSPH9;1850 fmol vs CCDC103;24 fmol), adding another level of complexity to axonemal structure. Of the identified proteins, ∼70% are known axonemal proteins. In addition, many previously uncharacterized proteins were identified. Unexpectedly, several of these, including ERICH3, C1orf87, and CCDC181, were present at high relative abundance in the cilia. RT-PCR analysis and immunoblotting confirmed cilia-specific expression for eight uncharacterized proteins, and fluorescence microscopy demonstrated unique axonemal localizations. These studies have provided the first quantitative analysis of the ciliary proteome and have identified and characterized several previously unknown proteins as major constituents of human airway cilia.
High Mobility Anisotropic Black Phosphorus Nanoribbon Field‐Effect Transistor (2018)

Abstract Achieving excellent electrostatic control and immunity to short channel effects are the formidable challenges in ultrascaled devices. 3D device architectures, such as nanoribbon, have successfully mitigated these problems by achieving uniform top‐ and side‐wall control of the channel. Here, by leveraging on the merits of 3D structure, high‐mobility black phosphorus nanoribbon field‐effect transistors (BPNR‐FET) are demonstrated and the anisotropic transport properties are systematically investigated. A simple top‐down reactive ion etching method is used to realize both armchair‐ and zigzag‐oriented nanoribbons with various widths down to 60 nm. The mobility of BPNR‐FET is found to be width‐ and thickness‐dependent, with the highest hole mobility of ≈862 cm 2 V −1 s −1 demonstrated in armchair‐oriented device at room temperature by combining high‐κ gate dielectric and hydrogen treatment to reduce sidewall scattering. Furthermore, hydrogenation effectively passivates the nanoribbon dangling bonds, leading to hysteresis and contact resistance improvement. This work unravels the superior electrical performance underscore a conceptually new device based on BP nanoribbons, paving the way toward the development of nonplanar devices on 2D materials platform.
Finding a sparse vector in a subspace: Linear sparsity using alternating directions (2014)

Is it possible to find the sparsest vector (direction) in a generic subspace $\mathcal{S} \subseteq \mathbb{R}^p$ with $\mathrm{dim}(\mathcal{S})= n &lt; p$? This problem can be considered a homogeneous variant of the sparse recovery problem, and finds connections to sparse dictionary learning, sparse PCA, and many other problems in signal processing and machine learning. In this paper, we focus on a **planted sparse model** for the subspace: the target sparse vector is embedded in an otherwise random subspace. Simple convex heuristics for this planted recovery problem provably break down when the fraction of nonzero entries in the target sparse vector substantially exceeds $O(1/\sqrt{n})$. In contrast, we exhibit a relatively simple nonconvex approach based on alternating directions, which provably succeeds even when the fraction of nonzero entries is $Ω(1)$. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first practical algorithm to achieve linear scaling under the planted sparse model. Empirically, our proposed algorithm also succeeds in more challenging data models, e.g., sparse dictionary learning.
Antenna-coupled microbolometer-based THz detectors for room temperature beam profile imaging of the photoconductive THz pulse emitters (2014)

Properties of antenna-coupled microbolometers optimized for room temperature 300 GHz and 600 GHz resonant frequency detection is reported. Dipole antenna placed on freestanding SiN membrane is used to couple THz radiation power to the titanium-based thermo-resistor. We demonstrate that antenna-coupled micro-bolometers can be well suited for beam profile imaging of the THz pulses emitted by the photoconductive antenna switch.
Toward a universal polymeric material for electrode buffer layers in organic and perovskite solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes (2018)

PDTON, exhibiting either hole transporting or reducing electrode WF, can be utilized as a ‘universal’ electrode buffer layer material.