gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using Template Haskell for Abstract Interpretation (2007)

Metaprogramming consists of writing programs that generate or manipulate other programs. Template Haskell is a recent extension of Haskell, currently implemented in the Glasgow Haskell Compiler, giving support to metaprogramming at compile time. Our aim is to apply these facilities in order to statically analyse programs and transform them at compile time. In this paper we use Template Haskell to implement an abstract interpretation based strictness analysis and a let-to-case transformation that uses the results of the analysis. This work shows the advantages and disadvantages of the tool in order to incorporate new analyses and transformations into the compiler without modifying it.
Retrospektive Analyse von Wirksamkeit, Sicherheit, prognostischen Parametern und Faktoren der Lebensqualität bei der topischen Immuntherapie der Alopecia areata mit Diphenylcyclopropenon (2021)

Diese retrospektive Analyse untersucht die Behandlung von Patienten mit Alopecia areata in der Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie der Universitätsklinik Würzburg mit Diphenylcyclopropenon und beleuchtet Faktoren der durch die Behandlung beeinflussten Lebensqualität.
Nonactin Biosynthesis:  Disruption of the Polyketide Synthase Genes, nonKJ, in Streptomyces griseus Leads to an Overall 96 Decrease in Macrotetrolide Production, Yet a Net Increase in Nonactin Analogues Which Incorporate Isobutyrate (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTNonactin Biosynthesis: Disruption of the Polyketide Synthase Genes, nonKJ, in Streptomyces griseus Leads to an Overall 96 Decrease in Macrotetrolide Production, Yet a Net Increase in Nonactin Analogues Which Incorporate IsobutyrateRobbie J. Walczak, Michael E. Nelson, and Nigel D. PriestleyView Author Information Department of Chemistry The University of Montana Missoula, Montana 59812-1656 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 42, 10415–10416Publication Date (Web):September 27, 2001Publication History Received1 November 2000Published online27 September 2001Published inissue 1 October 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja005749ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja005749orapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biosynthesis,Metabolism,Molecular structure,Organic compounds,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Analysis of the n-dimensional quadtree decomposition for arbitrary hyperrectangles (1997)

We give a closed-form expression for the average number of n-dimensional quadtree nodes ("pieces" or "blocks") required by an n-dimensional hyperrectangle aligned with the axes. Our formula includes as special cases the formulae of previous efforts for two-dimensional spaces. It also agrees with theoretical and empirical results that the number of blocks depends on the hypersurface of the hyperrectangle and not on its hypervolume. The practical use of the derived formula is that it allows the estimation of the space requirements of the n-dimensional quadtree decomposition. Quadtrees are used extensively in two-dimensional spaces (geographic information systems and spatial databases in general), as well in higher dimensionality spaces (as oct-trees for three-dimensional spaces, e.g., in graphics, robotics, and three-dimensional medical images). Our formula permits the estimation of the space requirements for data hyperrectangles when stored in an index structure like a (n-dimensional) quadtree, as well as the estimation of the search time for query hyperrectangles, for the so-called linear quadtrees. A theoretical contribution of the paper is the observation that the number of blocks is a piece-wise linear function of the sides of the hyperrectangle.
Impulse noise measurement: The physiological basis (1982)

In designing a system to measure noise there are many interacting considerations, among them the electrical/acoustical state-of-the-art, regulatory requirements, administrative concerns, and economic issues. In contrast to these fluctuant elements, the structure of the auditory system is for all practical purposes fixed and establishes limits to many technical issues. Although theoretical work in the noise effects area is in its infancy, this paper will discuss the developing information with respect to the issues inherent in the measurement of noise, such as high- and low-frequency cutoffs, temporal factors, “trading ratios,” and limits on the dynamic range.
Huge plasmon-enhanced Third Harmonic Generation with graphene nanoribbons (2019)

Graphene’s strong third-order nonlinearity could allow single-photon level interactions. Towards this goal, we report on a 3 orders of magnitude resonant plasmon- enhancement Third Harmonic Generation in graphene nanoribbons compared to planar graphene.
Validation of Objective Based Measures and Development of a Performance-Based Ranking Method for Load Carriage Systems (2001)

Standardized objective measurements for the evaluation of load carriage include the development of a load carriage simulator, a stiffness tester, and a suspension system characteristics tester. In addition, human-based methods have been developed by which the performance of load carriage systems undergoing evaluation in standardized military activities can be assessed. The purpose of this paper is to summarize three studies that examine the correlation between these objective and human-based measures. In the first study, face validation was undertaken by comparing the outcome of measurements made in pack- based systems using a simple biomechanical model. In the second study, a direct comparison of objective measures to human based measures in a cohort of military volunteers was undertaken. In a final study, a ranking method was explored as a way of characterizing military load carriage systems.
RIFFA 2.1 (2015)

We present RIFFA 2.1, a reusable integration framework for Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) accelerators. RIFFA provides communication and synchronization for FPGA accelerated applications using simple interfaces for hardware and software. Our goal is to expand the use of FPGAs as an acceleration platform by releasing, as open source, a framework that easily integrates software running on commodity CPUs with FPGA cores. RIFFA uses PCI Express (PCIe) links to connect FPGAs to a CPU’s system bus. RIFFA 2.1 supports FPGAs from Xilinx and Altera, Linux and Windows operating systems, and allows multiple FPGAs to connect to a single host PC system. It has software bindings for C/C++, Java, Python, and Matlab. Tests show that data transfers between hardware and software can reach 97% of the achievable PCIe link bandwidth.
Supplementary Data from Safety and Feasibility of PARP1/2 Imaging with <sup>18</sup>F-PARPi in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Data from Safety and Feasibility of PARP1/2 Imaging with &lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F-PARPi in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
Fast reroute for stateless multicast (2009)

Multicast applications such as real-time streaming and video/teleconferencing tolerate delay and packet loss poorly. As a consequence, multicast routing and forwarding should offer flexibility and resiliency for them. In this paper, we introduce fast reroute methods for LIPSIN, a novel Bloom filter based multicast forwarding fabric. We propose two different algorithms, both capable of rerouting traffic immediately after the failure is detected, keeping service disruption at minimum. The two solutions give flexibility to operators by allowing trade-offs between bandwidth and configuration complexity. Finally, we give guidelines about the applicability of our methods by conducting simulations.
Observation of a topologically protected state in a magnetic domain wall stabilized by a ferromagnetic chemical barrier (2018)

The precise control and stabilization of magnetic domain walls is key for the development of the next generation magnetic nano-devices. Among the multitude of magnetic configurations of a magnetic domain wall, topologically protected states are of particular interest due to their intrinsic stability. In this work, using XMCD-PEEM, we have observed a topologically protected magnetic domain wall in a ferromagnetic cylindrical nanowire. Its structure is stabilized by periodic sharp alterations of the chemical composition in the nanowire. The large stability of this topologically protected domain wall contrasts with the mobility of other non-protected and non-chiral states also present in the same nanowire. The micromagnetic simulations show the structure and the conditions required to find the topologically protected state. These results are relevant for the design of future spintronic devices such as domain wall based RF oscillators or magnetic memories.
On sampled metrics for item recommendation (2022)

Recommender systems personalize content by recommending items to users. Item recommendation algorithms are evaluated by metrics that compare the positions of truly relevant items among the recommended items. To speed up the computation of metrics, recent work often uses sampled metrics where only a smaller set of random items and the relevant items are ranked. This paper investigates such sampled metrics in more detail and shows that they are inconsistent with their exact counterpart, in the sense that they do not persist relative statements, for example, recommender A is better than B , not even in expectation. Moreover, the smaller the sample size, the less difference there is between metrics, and for very small sample size, all metrics collapse to the AUC metric. We show that it is possible to improve the quality of the sampled metrics by applying a correction, obtained by minimizing different criteria. We conclude with an empirical evaluation of the naive sampled metrics and their corrected variants. To summarize, our work suggests that sampling should be avoided for metric calculation, however if an experimental study needs to sample, the proposed corrections can improve the quality of the estimate.
Distribution of the Dipeptide Transporter System along the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rats Based on Absorption of a Stable and Specific Probe, SQ-29852 (1996)

Peptidic drugs such as beta-lactam aminocephalosporin antibiotics (e.g., cephalexin) and the ACE inhibitors lisinopril, quinapril, and benzazepril are apparently absorbed, at least in part, by the intestinal dipeptide transporter system (DTS). Although many properties of the DTS have been elucidated, including isolation of the carrier protein, little is known about the distribution of this transporter along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The objectives of the present study were to (1) validate that SQ-29852 (a lysylproline ACE inhibitor) is a stable and specific probe for evaluation of the DTS in rats and (2) provide fundamental in vivo information on the distribution of the DTS along the GI tract of rats. Most of the previous studies that explored the location of the DTS typically involved either in vitro uptake or in situ disappearance of unstable or nonspecific probes. SQ-29852, on the other hand, is an ideal probe for evaluation of the DTS because it is chemically and metabolically stable and it is absorbed almost exclusively by the DTS. SQ-29852 appears to be a specific probe for the DTS because the dose-dependent reduction in absorption from about 60% to less than 8% (3 and 3000 mg/kg, respectively) suggests that at least 85% of an orally administered low dose of SQ-29852 is absorbed by a saturable process, which was shown previously to be the DTS. [14C]SQ-29852 was administered by gavage to intact rats and via an indwelling cannula in one of the following sections of the intestine: duodenum, jejunum, ileum and proximal colon (n = 4 for each site). On the basis of the recovery of [14C]SQ-29852 in urine, the DTS is apparently distributed throughout the entire GI tract of rats, including the proximal colon. The present results are consistent with previously reported results on the absorption of natural dipeptides in humans and rats and immunohistochemical evaluation in rats; however, they disagree with a recent report in humans with amoxicillin. This difference is discussed in terms of the specificity and stability of various drugs that have been used as probes of the DTS.
Cartesian diver studies on respiration and glycolysis of high and low sarcoma lines. (1971)

Two cell types grown in tissue culture, designated high line (NCTC 2472) and low line (NCTC 2555), were studied by Cartesian diver manometric techniques. Studies with NaOH and NaHCO3 as absorbant seals in stoppered microdivers suggest that consistency of respiration of both cell lines may be regulated by the type of seal used in the neck of the divers. Sodium lauroyl sarcosine, at 0.0018 m, inhibits high-line respiration by 65%, and low-line respiration, by only 10%. Both cell lines appear to be almost equally sensitive to 3-nitropropionic acid and to urethan. The most outstanding difference between the two cell lines was their anaerobic glycolysis, of which the low line was approximately one–third that of the high-line cells. Glycolysis in the high-line cells is significantly inhibited by iodoacetic acid and sodium lauroyl sarcosine, whereas sodium lauroyl sarcosine does not significantly influence low-line cells. l-Asparaginase demonstrates no inhibitory effect. It is suggested that both cell lines may have equally functional citric acid cycles and cytochrome systems. The main difference appears to be the more direct dependence of high-line cells for glucose in both glycolytic and respiratory process.
Overcoming potential barriers to investigating and treating myxomatous mitral valve disease (2018)

Diagnosing myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) can be relatively straightforward. However, persuading owners to investigate and treat MMVD, and then maintain adherence to a therapeutic regimen can be significantly more challenging. While heart murmurs are most likely to be detected during the annual health check or booster consultation, recent evidence suggests this might not be an ideal time to discuss MMVD. This article reviews some of the potential barriers to owners following practitioners’ recommendations, and suggests some solutions.
Multidimensional response analysis towards the detection and identification of soft divalent metal ions (2009)

The stepwise detection and identificational of soft divalent metal ions is reported using a carboxylate functionalised poly(thiophene) in combination with small-molecule competitive binders and multivariate statistics. This approach involves two sensory events. First, the addition of polyvalent metal ions (alkaline-earth metals, transition metals and lanthanides) leads to precipitation of the polymer in a qualitative detection step. Then, the addition of a competitive ligand (α,ω-diamines) causes the precipitate to re-dissolve for soft divalent metal ions. Unique colorimetric fingerprints are obtained for different analytes, allowing for facile identification based on statistical analysis of the spectral response from the ensemble, i.e. multidimensional response analysis. In a highly competitive aqueous media, identification of divalent metal ions was achieved with 100% accuracy. In a parallel investigation, mercury salts did not cause precipitation but did alter the fluorescence response of polymer 1 producing a Stern–Volmer constant (K sv) of 1.0 × 105 M− 1.
Interface creep behavior of tensioned GFRP tendons embedded in cemented soils (2021)

This paper presents an experimental investigation and modeling of interface creep behavior of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GRFP) tendons embedded in cemented soils. Rapid and creep pullout tests were carried out on GRFP tendons embedded in cemented soils using a specially developed pullout setup. Interface creep displacement responses for specimens with two different water–cement ratios were derived under various interface shear stress conditions. A modified Burgers model was developed to characterize the interface creep behavior by incorporating a time-dependent viscosity coefficient. This viscosity coefficient was calibrated using creep rate variation obtained experimentally. Regression fittings on a part of interface creep measurements were conducted to determine the value of the parameters of the interface creep model. Additional interface creep measurements were used to validate the applicability of the presented creep testing protocol and the effectiveness of the rheological modeling was validated.
Antispoofing RAIM for dual-recursion particle filter of GNSS calculation (2016)

We propose a dual-recursion particle filter for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) calculations that separates the positioning and velocity estimations. The proposed filter can cover the state space more adequately with the same number of particles, and hence, it provides better positioning accuracy. Additionally, considering the vulnerability of GNSS, an improved receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) method is proposed for spoofing detection and spoofing identification. This method is able to resist attacks from one or many spoofing satellites. Using the improved RAIM, the proposed particle filter can correct the positioning under spoofing attacks.
On the efficiency of local information-based sink deployment in heterogeneous environments (2007)

Deploying multiples sink nodes reduces communication distance, and thus energy consumption in wireless sensor networks. Determining exactly where to deploy those sinks so as to minimize the communication paths isn't however a trivial question. Solutions that use integer linear programming or iterati
Numerical Simulation on the Filling Process of Rheological Die Casting and Forming Defects Analysis (2012)

According to semi-solid slurry rheological behavior, an apparent viscosity model of A356 alloy developed based on the Carreau model was established to simulate filling process of rheo-diecasting about automobile shock absorber parts and to compare with conventional liquid filling process. Numerical simulation results showed that the filling process of rheo-diecasting was smooth but difficult to splash, which reduced the tendency of the alloy oxidation and inclusion. Meanwhile, a certain percentage of the primary solid particles precipitated before filling and solidification shrinkage of semi-solid slurry were small. This benefited to reduce or eliminate shrinkage defects of the castings. Compared with conventional liquid die casting process, rheo-diecasting process had unique advantages in reducing the internal defects and improving mechanical properties of castings.
Origin of Dimeric Structure in the Ribonuclease Superfamily (1998)

To enable application of postgenomic evolutionary approaches to understand the divergence of behavior and function in ribonucleases (RNases), the impact of divergent sequence on the divergence of tertiary and quaternary structure is analyzed in bovine pancreatic and seminal ribonucleases, which differ by 23 amino acids. In a crystal, seminal RNase is a homodimer joined by two "antiparallel" intersubunit disulfide bonds between Cys-31 from one subunit and Cys-32' from the other and having composite active sites arising from the "swap" of residues 1-20 from each subunit. Specialized Edman degradation techniques have completed the structural characterization of the dimer in solution, new cross-linking methods have been developed to assess the swap, and sequence determinants of quaternary structure have been explored by protein engineering using the reconstructed evolutionary history of the protein family as a guide. A single Cys at either position 32 (the first to be introduced during the divergent evolution of the family) or 31 converts monomeric RNase A into a dimer. Even with an additional Phe at position 31, another residue introduced early in the seminal lineage, swap is minimal. A hydrophobic contact formed by Leu-28, however, also introduced early in the seminal lineage, increases the amount of "antiparallel" connectivity of the two subunits and facilitates swapping of residues 1-20. Efficient swapping requires addition of a Pro at position 19, a residue also introduced early in the divergent evolution of the seminal RNase gene. Additional cysteines required for dimer formation are found to slow refolding of the protein through formation of incorrect disulfide bonds, suggesting a paradox in the biosynthesis of the protein. Further studies showed that the dimeric form of seminal RNase known in the crystal is not the only form in vivo, where a substantial amount of heterodimer is known. These data complete the acquisition of the background needed to understand the evolution of new structure, behavior, and function in the seminal RNase family of proteins.
Immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent plant-derived virus like particle influenza vaccine candidate—Two randomized Phase II clinical trials in 18 to 49 and ≥50 years old adults (2019)

Overall, the 30 μg dose produced the most consistent humoral and cellular responses in both 18-49 and ≥50 years old subjects, strongly supporting the clinical development of this candidate vaccine. That particular dose was chosen to test in the ongoing Phase III clinical trial.
Manipulation of CD98 Expression Affects both Trophoblast Cell Fusion and Amino Acid Transport Activity during Syncytialization of Human Placental BeWo Cells (2003)

The physiological importance of CD98 surface antigen in regulating placental trophoblast cell fusion and amino acid transport activity has been studied in parallel in a cell model of syncytialization (the cytotrophoblast cell line BeWo following increased intracellular cAMP by forskolin treatment) using antisense oligonucleotides. CD98 protein abundance (determined by Western blot) was decreased by 50 % following antisense oligonucleotide transfection. Transfection with antisense oligonucleotide altered the responses of BeWo to forskolin. Cell fusion (determined by a quantitative flow cytometry assay) was inhibited by 57 %, and both human chorionic gonadotropin secretion and L-leucine influx through system L were suppressed. These findings show that CD98 is involved in the process of cell fusion necessary for syncytiotrophoblast formation and that during this physiologically important event, amino acid transport activity is also regulated through expression of this membrane protein.