gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Clinical and Sociodemographic Features of Turkish Patients with Vitiligo. (2016)

Vitiligo is an acquired, pigmentary skin disorder that affects about 0.1-4.0% of the population. In this study, we aimed to investigate the disease features such as age of onset, disease duration, clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, and laboratory parameters of patients with vitiligo. A hundred patients who were in follow-up for vitiligo between the period of June 2013 and May 2014 were included in the study. The clinical features and laboratory parameters were retrospectively obtained from the records of the patients. The mean age was 34.9±16.8 years. The most common clinical types were focal and acrofacial. Facial involvement was the most common localization. Forty-five (45%) patients had an associated systemic disease. Autoimmune thyroid disease, essential hypertension, and alopecia areata, which were observed in 28%, 8%, and 5% of patients, respectively, were the most common associated diseases. Twenty-one percent of the patients had low ferritin levels, 20% had low iron levels, 12% had low vitamin B12 levels, and 1% had low folic acid levels. The prevalence of anti-TG (anti-thyroglobulin) and anti-TPO (anti-thyroid peroxidase) antibodies were found 17% and 27% of the patients, respectively. We found that the clinical characteristics of vitiligo in our patients were similar to those in other studies. We observed laboratory abnormalities and accompanying diseases associated with vitiligo. Therefore we conclude that laboratory examinations including thyroid antibodies and regular follow-up of these patients are essential.
Two Years of Operations of the ChemCam Instrument onboard the Curiosity Rover at FIMOC, the French Operations Center for Mars Instruments (2014)

Following the successful landing of the Curiosity rover in Gale Crater, on August 5, 2012, science Operations started at Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) right after turning on the instruments minutes after landing. During the first 90 days of the mission, all operations took place at JPL. On November 8th, 2012, ChemCam engineers were officially the first team to operate the instrument remotely from FIMOC, the CNES Operations Center located in Toulouse, France. The instruments have been operated remotely since that day alternating weekly with the Los Alamos National Laboratory Operations Center for ChemCam. This paper will give an overview of how ChemCam teams interact remotely with JPL in a unique way to operate instruments on Mars: monitoring the instrument health, analyzing received data products, preparing the daily Rover activity plans, and generate instrument sequences to be delivered to JPL. It will also present the instrument status after nearly two years on Mars, and how FIMOC operations can benefit future space missions to Mars.
H-MMAC: A hybrid multi-channel MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks (2012)

In regular wireless ad hoc network, the Medium Access Control (MAC) coordinates channel access among nodes and the throughput of the network is limited by the bandwidth of a single channel. The multi-channel MAC protocols can exploit the multiple channels to achieve a high throughput by enabling more concurrent transmissions in the network. Dynamic Channel Assignment (DCA [5]), Multi-channel MAC (MMAC [2]) and Pipelining Multi-channel MAC (π-Mc [7]) are three multichannel MAC protocol representatives. In the DCA protocol, the dedicated control channel cannot be fully utilized or causes the bottleneck depending on the number of channels. In the MMAC protocol, the data channel resources are wasted during the ATIM window. The data packet size impacts on the performance of π-Mc protocol. In this paper, we propose a hybrid protocol that utilizes the multi-channel resources more efficiently than MMAC and other protocols. The H-MMAC protocol allows nodes to transmit data packets while other nodes try to negotiate the data channel during the ATIM window. The simulation results show that the proposed H-MMAC can improve the performance of the network: aggregate throughput, average delay and energy efficiency.
GTP-dependent polymerization of Escherichia coli FtsZ protein to form tubules. (1994)

The FtsZ protein is a GTPase that is essential for cell division in Escherichia coli. During cytokinesis, FtsZ localizes to a ring at the leading edge of septum synthesis. We report the GTP-dependent polymerization of purified FtsZ measured by sedimentation and light scattering. Electron microscopy of polymerized FtsZ revealed structures including tubules 14-20 nm in diameter with longitudinal arrays of protofilaments. FtsZ depolymerized upon removal of GTP and repolymerized after subsequent GTP addition. Mutant FtsZ84 protein polymerized inefficiently, suggesting that polymerization is important for the cellular role of FtsZ in division. The possibility that tubules of FtsZ protein form a cytoskeleton involved in septum synthesis is consistent with our data.
STUDY OF HALIDE-CONTAINING OXIDE FILMS ON COLUMBIUM. Paper 10 of GENERAL RESEARCH IN MATERIALS AND PROPULSION, JANUARY 1959 TO JANUARY 1960. VOLUME II (1960)

An experimental survey was made of the feasibility of retarding oxidation at elevated temperatures by pretreatment to form oxide films containing halide ions. Best results were obtained with films formed by reaction at about 900 deg F in mixtures of oxygen and a halide-containing gas (e.g., hydrogen chloride) at reduced pressures. Films formed in this manner were significantly more resistant to oxidation during subsequent heating in air at temperatures to about 900 deg F than the oxide films formed during normal oxidation in air. Films were produced that were stable during heating in air to about 900 deg F with no flaking or spalling during subsequent cooling to room temperature. (auth)
Hydroamination of Alkynes Catalyzed by a Titanium Pyrrolyl Complex. (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionHydroamination of Alkynes Catalyzed by a Titanium Pyrrolyl Complex.Changsheng Cao, James T. Ciszewski, and Aaron L. OdomCite this: Organometallics 2002, 21, 23, 5148Publication Date (Web):October 18, 2002Publication History Published online18 October 2002Published inissue 1 November 2002https://doi.org/10.1021/om020825cCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views399Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (10 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Do Homochiral Aggregates Have an Entropic Advantage? (2004)

The present work seeks to illuminate the underlying principles which control the aggregation of chiral building blocks into larger aggregates by examining the role that entropy plays in this process. Entropic effects are first examined within the confines of a simple model system, and the results are then compared to experimental data on clusters of amino acids. The model system predicts that the formation of a specific structure is more likely to occur from an enantiopure solution because forming a particular structure from a racemic solution is hindered by significant entropic barriers. These predictions are in good agreement with the experimental results. In our examination of clusters of all of the amino acids, clusters which are unusually abundant are found only when enantiopure solutions are sampled. Furthermore, the majority of all clusters exhibit no preference for chiral composition, suggesting that entropic effects negate any changes in enthalpy. Although the experimental data are not comprehensive, our results strongly suggest that specificity in homochiral clusters is entropically advantageous compared to specificity in racemic clusters.
First-in-human study of the Endeavor ABT-578-eluting phosphorylcholine-encapsulated stent system in de novo native coronary artery lesions: Endeavor I Trial. (2005)

This 100 patient pilot study demonstrates that the Endeavor stent system is a reliable and safe treatment for obstructive coronary disease, providing durable event free clinical outcomes to 12 months by suppression of neointimal proliferation of the target lesion. The results support further pivotal evaluation in larger randomized clinical trials.
Manganese-Based Molecular Electrocatalysts for Oxidation of Hydrogen (2015)

Oxidation of H2 (1 atm) is catalyzed by the manganese electrocatalysts [(P2N2)MnI(CO)(bppm)]+ and [(PNP)MnI(CO)(bppm)]+ (P2N2 = 1,5-dibenzyl-3,7-diphenyl-1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane; PNP = (Ph2PCH2)2NMe); bppm = (PArF2)2CH2; ArF = 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3). In fluorobenzene solvent using 2,6-lutidine as the exogeneous base, the turnover frequency for [(P2N2)MnI(CO)(bppm)]+ is 3.5 s–1, with an estimated overpotential of 700 mV. For [(PNP)MnI(CO)(bppm)]+ in fluorobenzene solvent using N-methylpyrrolidine as the exogeneous base, the turnover frequency is 1.4 s–1, with an estimated overpotential of 880 mV. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the slow step in the catalytic cycle is proton transfer from the oxidized 17-electron manganese hydride [(P2N2)MnIIH(CO)(bppm)]+ to the pendant amine. The computed activation barrier for intramolecular proton transfer from the metal to the pendant amine is 20.4 kcal/mol for [(P2N2)MnIIH(CO)(bppm)]+ and 21.3 kcal/mol for [(PNP)MnIIH(CO)(bppm)]+. The high barrier appears to result from both the unfavorability of the metal to nitrogen proton transfer (thermodynamically uphill by 9 kcal/mol for [(P2N2)MnIIH(CO)(bppm)]+ due to a mismatch of 6.6 pKa units) and the relatively long manganese–nitrogen separation in the MnIIH complexes.
Abstract 3711: Human colon mucosal crypts in culture: a model to assess colon chemoprevention. (2013)

Abstract Introduction: In order to advance a primary cell culture model of human colonic carcinogenesis we developed methods for the isolation and in vitro maintenance of intact colonic crypts from normal human colon tissue and adenomatous polyps. Methods: Fresh biopsy samples were transported in culture medium containing 1.5mM Ca2+ and antimicrobials. The mucosa/submucosa was surgically separated from the muscularis propria and incubated in 10mM dithiothreitol followed by 8mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Crypts were agitated free, washed with slow spins, and immediately embedded in a 3-dimensional environment at a density of 50 crypts/50μl Matrigel. After 3 hours, media was replaced to remove non-viable cellular products. Serum-free medium, containing low Ca2+ (0.15mM), was used to maintain crypt cultures. Cell proliferation and differentiation were assessed with markers Ki67 and E-cadherin by confocal microscopy. The fluorescence signal was quantified for the bottom 1/3 of the crypts (35 cells from base on one crypt edge) using morphometric imaging software. In parallel studies, abnormal crypt-like structures were isolated from adenomatous polyps/adenocarcinoma and maintained in a similar culture system. Results: At day-1 in culture, Ki67 expression was strong in the proliferating cells at the crypt base, with E-cadherin staining increasing towards the crypt apex. By day-3, E-cadherin expression became much more prominent and Ki67 decreased dramatically. This culture system preserved the in vivo phenotype of the crypts and allowed for the colonic epithelial cells to follow the physiological sequence of progression from proliferation to differentiation. Adenomatous tissue in culture at day-1 showed expression for Ki67 and E-cadherin but lacked spacial organization. Conclusion: Intact colonic crypts from normal and abnormal human mucosa can be viably maintained in 3-D culture for 72 hours. This primary human in vitro 3-D model may be used to model efficacy of colonic cancer chemopreventives. Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Differentiation in Cultured Human Crypts (fold changes) Markers Zero-time 24 hours 48 hours 72 hours Ki67 1.00 0.36 0.18 0.00 E-cadherin 1.00 2.00 2.89 3.22 Citation Format: Michael K. Dame, Yan Jiang, Danielle Kim Turgeon, Henry Appelman, Muhammad N. Aslam, Kelly Copley, Durga Attili, Dean E. Brenner, James Varani. Human colon mucosal crypts in culture: a model to assess colon chemoprevention. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3711. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3711
Protecting sensitive data on a PC by a custom algorithm (2005)

NORSK:\nÅ kunne lagre hemmeligheter og sensitive data på en trygg måte er en nødvendighet i\ndagens samfunn. Siden en stor menge av hardwareteknologi som tilbyr "sikker " lagring\nav sensitiv data er dyrt for den enkelte bruker, er det veldig vanlig å benytte seg av programvare\neller software-implementerte krypteringsalgoritmer for å løse dette problemet.\nHvis for eksempel den sensitive informasjonen vi vil beskytte er den hemmelige nøkkelen\ni et privat/offentlig nøkkelpar, er det viktig å finne den beste måten å lagre nøkkelen\npå, hvis mediet som brukes er en PC med harddisk. Det er også viktig å vite noe om\nhvor sikre og hvor bra eksisterende applikasjoner og krypteringsalgoritmer implementert\ni software er for å få en viss trygghetsfølelse når det gjelder lagringen av sensitiv data.\nEn gjennomgang av noen av de mest kjente og brukte krypteringsalgoritmene i software\nog andre metoder for lagring av sensitive data, samt forslag til et nytt stream cipher\nfor lagring av sensetive data på en PC, implementasjon og testanalyse er hovedpunktene\ni denne masteroppgaven.\nVed å anvende godt kjente og analyserte teknikker, som for eksempel lineære shift\nregistre, iregulær klokking og sannhetstabeller som bygningsblokker for krypteringsalgoritmen,\ner målet å oppnå høy sikkerhet og god forståelse for algoritmens struktur.\nAlgoritmen er implementert i C#. Både algoritmens implementasjon og struktur er\ngjort med hensyn på å oppnå høy effektivitet i software. Spesielt for standard 32 bits\nprosessorer som er mest vanlig i dagens standard datamaskiner.\nSvakhetsanalyse og grundig statistisk testing er utført på algoritmen for å vurdere\nalgoritmens sikkerhet og styrke.\nBåde svakhetsanalysen og den statistiske analysen av algoritmen indikerer at den\nvirker sikker og har gode statistiske egenskaper. Praktisk utførte efektivitetstester viser\nat algoritmen eksekveres raskt i software.
Numerical Simulation of Improved Heavy Oil Recovery by Low-Salinity Water Injection and Polymer Flooding (2013)

Abstract As heavy oil resources are making an ever-increasing contribution to the energy supply of the world, maximizing recovery from these wreservoirs has attracted significant attention in recent years. Leveraging low salinity waterflooding and polymer flooding to improve heavy oil recovery will be the focus of this paper. While low salinity waterflooding performance in light (conventional) oil reservoirs has been investigated extensively, it has not been applied in heavy oil systems. Published literature recorded higher oil recovery by injection of low salinity water. One major component among several mechanisms of this increase in oil recovery is due to the lower residual oil saturation (Sorw) by wettability alteration. Therefore, published data was used to produce a correlation between Sorw (high salinity water) and Sorw (low salinity water). A sector model with 36,000 grid cells was used to evaluate the performance of several injection scenarios involving low salinity water and polymer under the conditions of a heavy oil reservoir at the depth of 3,000 ft with oil viscosity of 80 centipoise (20° API). The thickness of the reservoir is less than 100 ft. The simulated results showed that low salinity waterflooding could increase the estimated ultimate recovery by approximately 5% of original oil in place (OOIP) while the polymer flood provided a similar increase with better efficiency. Subsequent simulations that combine both low salinity waterflooding and polymer resulted in an additional oil recovery of 7.5% to 10% of OOIP. The results of this study show significant potential for enhancing heavy oil recovery by low salinity waterflooding augmented by polymer injection and multilateral horizontal wells. The commercial viability of such methods to improve heavy oil recovery would make a significant step towards increasing the recovery factor from heavy oil and viscous oil reservoirs. Subsequently, the results would need to be validated by laboratory experiments to establish clear correlation between relative permeability end points with both viscosity and water salinity on heavy oil systems.
The effects of various leukocyte filtration strategies in cardiac surgery (2007)

It is known that cardiopulmonary bypass causes an inflammatory reaction with an associated morbidity and mortality. Several anti-inflammatory strategies have been implemented to reduce this response, including leukocyte removal from the circulation using specialised filters. The aim of this study is to systematically review the available evidence on leukocyte filtration in cardiac surgery, focusing on its effect on systemic inflammation and whether this has influenced clinical outcomes. Five electronic databases were systematically searched for studies reporting the effect of leukocyte filtration at any point within the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit in humans. Reference lists of all identified studies were checked for any missing publications. Two authors independently extracted the data from the included studies. Whilst systemic leukodepleting filters do not appear to consistently lower leukocyte counts, they may preferentially remove activated leukocytes. Small improvements in early post-operative lung function in patients receiving systemic leukodepletion have been reported, but this does not lead to reduced hospital stay or decreased mortality. There is substantial evidence that cardioplegic leukocyte filtration attenuates the reperfusion injury at a cellular level, but this has not been translated into clinical improvements. Finally, whilst various strategies involving multiple leukocyte filters, or the incorporation of pharmacological agents into leukocyte-depleting protocols have been evaluated, the current available results are not conclusive. Our study suggests that there is not enough high quality or consistent evidence to draw guidelines regarding the use of leukocyte-depleting filters within routine cardiac surgical practice.
Supplementary Data from Gene Fusions Create Partner and Collateral Dependencies Essential to Cancer Cell Survival (2023)

Supplementary Data from Gene Fusions Create Partner and Collateral Dependencies Essential to Cancer Cell Survival
Exact Solution of a Four-Sited-Electron Problem: The Nickel-Metal Photoemission Spectrum (1985)

Exact calculated results for the nickel density of electron states, as would be measured in valence-band photoemission, are presented. A realistic local-density-approximation one-electron structure, sampled at four wave vectors, and an intrasite electron-electron interaction of full generality are used. This new approach to the Ni photoemission problem yields accurately the experimental bandwidth, exchange splitting, satellite position, and relative intensities. Physical conclusions about the true Ni many-body states are drawn.
Ultrasound Pulse-Echo Coupled with a Tracking Technique for Simultaneous Measurement of Multiple Bubbles (2018)

Bubbly flows are commonly used in various applications and their measurement is an important research topic. The ultrasound pulse-echo technique allows for the detection of each bubble and the measurement of the position of its surface. However, so far it has been used only to measure single bubbles. This paper investigates whether the pulse-echo technique can be applied for measuring multiple bubbles concurrently. The ultrasonic transducer wavelength and diameter were selected based on expected bubble diameters so that each bubble produced a strong reflection. The pulse-echo was implemented to obtain good accuracy without sacrificing the signal processing speed. A tracking technique was developed for the purpose of connecting detected reflections to trajectories. The technique was tested experimentally by measuring the horizontal position of rising air bubbles in a water tank. The results show that the pulse-echo technique can detect multiple bubbles concurrently. The pulse-echo technique detected almost the same number of bubbles as a high-speed video. For average void fractions up to around 1 % (and instantaneous void fraction reaching 5.3 % ), the rate of bubbles missed by the pulse-echo and the rate of noise trajectories both stayed less than 5%. The error rate increased with the void fraction, limiting the technique&rsquo;s application range.
A key role for the mRNA leader structure in translational control of ribosomal protein S1 synthesis in -proteobacteria (2003)

The translation initiation region (TIR) of the Escherichia coli rpsA mRNA coding for ribosomal protein S1 is characterized by a remarkable efficiency in driving protein synthesis despite the absence of the canonical Shine-Dalgarno element, and by a strong and specific autogenous repression in the presence of free S1 in trans. The efficient and autoregulated E.coli rpsA TIR comprises not less than 90 nt upstream of the translation start and can be unambiguously folded into three irregular hairpins (HI, HII and HIII) separated by A/U-rich single-stranded regions (ss1 and ss2). Phylogenetic comparison revealed that this specific fold is highly conserved in the gamma-subdivision of proteobacteria (but not in other subdivisions), except for the Pseudomonas group. To test phylogenetic predictions experimentally, we have generated rpsA'-'lacZ translational fusions by inserting the rpsA TIRs from various gamma-proteobacteria in-frame with the E.coli chromosomal lacZ gene. Measurements of their translation efficiency and negative regulation by excess protein S1 in trans have shown that only those rpsA TIRs which share the structural features with that of E.coli can govern efficient and regulated translation. We conclude that the E.coli-like mechanism for controlling the efficiency of protein S1 synthesis evolved after divergence of Pseudomona.
Probing New Physics via theBs0→μ+μ−Effective Lifetime (2012)

We have recently seen new upper bounds for B(s)(0)→μ(+)μ(-), a key decay to search for physics beyond the standard model. Furthermore a nonvanishing decay width difference ΔΓ(s) of the B(s) system has been measured. We show that ΔΓ(s) affects the extraction of the B(s)(0)→μ(+)μ(-) branching ratio and the resulting constraints on the new physics parameter space and give formulas for including this effect. Moreover, we point out that ΔΓ(s) provides a new observable, the effective B(s)(0)→μ(+)μ(-) lifetime τ(μ(+)μ(-)), which offers a theoretically clean probe for new physics searches that is complementary to the branching ratio. Should the B(s)(0)→μ(+)μ(-) branching ratio agree with the standard model, the measurement of τ(μ(+)μ(-)), which appears feasible at upgrades of the Large Hadron Collider experiments, may still reveal large new physics effects.