gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Paneth cell: a source of intestinal lysozyme. (1975)

An antiserum prepared against lysozyme isolated from mucosal scrapings of mouse small intestine was used to stain sections of mouse small intestine with the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. Mucosal fluorescence was confined to the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn, where Paneth cells are located. After the intravenous administration of 4 mg of pilocarpine fluorescence was no longer found in the Paneth cell but in the crypt lumen. Perfusion studies confirmed these findings. The basal lysozyme output of 0-1 to 0-4 mug/ml was raised to peak rates of 1-8 to 6-5 mug/ml after the intravenous administration of 1 mg of pilocarpine. Our results demonstrate that the lysozyme of the succus entericus is, at least in part, derived from the Paneth cell, and is probably present in the Paneth cell granules. Its secretion is stimulated by pilocarpine. Our model could be very useful for studying the function of the Paneth cell, which probably forms part of an intestinal defence system.
Modeling and Analysis (2016)

In the Internet of Things(IoT), the size constraint of those small and embedded devices limits the network lifetime because limited energy can be stored on these devices. In recent years, energy harvesting technology has attracted increasing attention, due to its ability to extend the network lifetime significantly. However, the performance of IoT devices powered by energy harvesting sources has not been fully analyzed and understood. In this paper, we model the energy harvesting process in IoT devices using slotted Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA /CA) mechanism of IEEE 802.15.4 standard, and analyze the performance in terms of delay and throughput. Our new model successfully integrates the energy harvesting process and binary backoff process through a unified Markov chain model. Finally, the new model is validated by simulation and the throughput errors between simulation and analytical model are no more than 6%. We demonstrate the application of the model with different energy harvesting rate corresponding to different sources such as solar and vibration energy harvesters.
In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry of bone sialoprotein and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (osteopontin) in the developing mouse mandibular condylar cartilage compared with limb bud cartilage (2002)

Mandibular condylar cartilage is often classified as a secondary cartilage, differing from the primary cartilaginous skeleton in its rapid progress from progenitor cells to hypertrophic chondrocytes. In this study we used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to investigate whether the formation of primary (tibial) and secondary (condylar) cartilage also differs with respect to the expression of two major non-collagenous glycoproteins of bone matrix, bone sialoprotein (BSP) and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1, osteopontin). The mRNAs for both molecules were never expressed until hypertrophic chondrocytes appeared. In the tibial cartilage, hypertrophic chondrocytes first appeared at E14 and the expression of BSP and Spp1 mRNAs was detected in the lower hypertrophic cell zone, but the expression of BSP mRNA was very weak. In the condylar cartilage, hypertrophic chondrocytes appeared at E15 as soon as cartilage tissue appeared. The mRNAs for both molecules were expressed in the newly formed condylar cartilage, although the proteins were not detected by immunostaining; BSP mRNA in the condylar cartilage was more extensively expressed than that in the tibial cartilage at the corresponding stage (first appearance of hypertrophic cell zone). Endochondral bone formation started at E15 in the tibial cartilage and at E16 in the condylar cartilage. At this stage (first appearance of endochondral bone formation), BSP mRNA was also more extensively expressed in the condylar cartilage than in the tibial cartilage. The hypertrophic cell zone in the condylar cartilage rapidly extended during E15-16. These results indicate that the formation process of the mandibular condylar cartilage differs from that of limb bud cartilage with respect to the extensive expression of BSP mRNA and the rapid extension of the hypertrophic cell zone at early stages of cartilage formation. Furthermore, these results support the hypothesis that, in vivo, BSP promotes the initiation of mineralization.
Stimulatory Role of Lysophosphatidic Acid in Cyclooxygenase-2 Induction by Synovial Fluid of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Fibroblast-Like Synovial Cells (2008)

While inflammatory cytokines are well-recognized critical factors for the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in activated fibroblast-like synovial cells, the roles of biologically active components other than inflammatory cytokines in synovial fluid remain unknown. Herein, we assessed the role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a pleiotropic lipid mediator, in COX-2 induction using synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in fibroblast-like RA synovial cells. Synovial fluid from RA patients stimulated COX-2 induction, which was associated with prostaglandin E(2) production, in RA synovial cells. The synovial fluid-induced actions were inhibited by G(i/o) protein inhibitor pertussis toxin and LPA receptor antagonist 3-(4-[4-([1-(2-chlorophenyl)ethoxy]carbonyl amino)-3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl] benzylsulfanyl) propanoic acid (Ki16425). In fact, LPA alone significantly induced COX-2 expression and enhanced IL-1alpha- or IL-1beta-induced enzyme expression in a manner sensitive to pertussis toxin and Ki16425. RA synovial cells abundantly expressed LPA(1) receptor compared with other LPA receptor subtypes. Moreover, synovial fluid contains a significant amount of LPA, an LPA-synthesizing enzyme autotaxin, and its substrate lysophosphatidylcholine. In conclusion, LPA existing in synovial fluid plays a critical role in COX-2 induction in collaboration with inflammatory cytokines in RA synovial cells. Ki16425-sensitive LPA receptors may be therapeutic targets for RA.
Response to meta-analysis of Lyme borreliosis symptoms (2005)

Although some Lyme disease patients treated with recom-mended antibiotic regimens have symptoms post-treatment, the usual course is a slow resolution of these symptoms. 1–3 Subjective symptoms, i.e. fatigue as well as musculoskeletal pain, and certain objective extracutaneous signs, i.e. motor paresis, cognitive difficulties, or joint swelling, tend to resolve over the course of weeks to months rather than days. However, whenever studied, the rate of resolution of symptoms or signs is unrelated to the duration of treatment.
Glow discharge with electrostatic confinement of electrons in a chamber bombarded by fast electrons (2011)

A metal substrate is immersed in plasma of glow discharge with electrostatic confinement of electrons inside the vacuum chamber volume V ≈ 0.12 m3 filled with argon or nitrogen at pressures 0.005–5 Pa, and dependence of discharge characteristics on negative substrate potential is studied. Emitted by the substrate secondary electrons bombard the chamber walls and it results in electron emission growth of the chamber walls and rise of gas ionization intensity inside the chamber. Increase of voltage U between the chamber and the substrate up to 10 kV at a constant discharge current I d in the anode circuit results in a manifold rise of current I in the substrate circuit and decrease of discharge voltage U d between the anode and the chamber from hundreds to tens of volts. At pressure p < 0.05 Pa nonuniformity of plasma density does not exceed ∼10%. Using the Child-Langmuir law, as well as measurement results of sheath width d between homogeneous plasma and a lengthy flat substrate dependent on voltage U ion current density j i on the substrate surface and ion-electron emission coefficient γ i are calculated. After the current in circuit of a substrate made of the same material is measured, the γ i values may be used to evaluate the average dose of ion implantation. The rate of dose rise at a constant high voltage U is by an order of magnitude higher than in known systems equipped with generators of square-wave high-voltage pulses. Application to the substrate of 10-ms-wide sinusoidal high-voltage pulses, which follow each other with 100-Hz frequency, results in synchronous oscillations of voltage U and ion current I i in the substrate circuit. In this case variation of the sheath width d due to oscillations of U and Ii is insignificant and d does not exceed several centimeters thus enabling substrate treatment in a comparatively small vacuum chamber.
Femtosecond transient absorption measurement of energy and charge transfers in donor-acceptor liquid crystalline dyad and triad (2014)

We investigated the energy transfer and charge transfer processes in dyad and triad based on triphenylene (donor) and perylene (acceptor) units by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate that energy transfer from triphenylene to perylene occurs in solution and charge transfer is observed in thin films.
Preliminary Pages (2010)

Other Types| May 26 2010 Preliminary Pages Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Edgar Heim Edgar Heim Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (2010) 79 (Suppl. 1): I–XII. https://doi.org/10.1159/000288803 Article history Published Online: May 26 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Edgar Heim; Preliminary Pages. Psychother Psychosom 1 May 2010; 79 (Suppl. 1): I–XII. https://doi.org/10.1159/000288803 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 2010Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Pressurized Ventilation in the Yellow Waterlily (1981)

Current models of gas transport in aquatic plants hold that gases diffuse in an essentially static gas phase within the lacunae according to gradients in their individual partial pressures. This study introduces a new model of gases gas transport wherein the gases move through waterlilies in a mass flow. The internal gas spaces in Nuphar constitute a pressurized flow—through system, with ambient air entering the youngest emergent leaves against a small gradient in total gas pressure. This pressurization phenomenon is the result of purely physical processes driven by the gradients in temperature (thermal transpiration) and water vapor (hygrometric pressure) between the atmosphere and the lacunae of the youngest emergent leaves. The lacunae are continuous throughout the entire plant, and the older leaves vent the elevated pressure generated by the younger leaves. This arrangement gives rise to a flow—through pattern, accelerating both the rate of O 2 supply from the atmosphere to the roots, and the rate of CO 2 and CH 4 transport from the roots towards the atmosphere. This ventilation system represents an important adaptation by the waterlily to life in anaerobic sediments.
[Surgery of perforant veins]. (1992)

The eradication of incompetent perforating veins combined with fasciotomy is a successful concept in the therapy of leg ulcers. Both can be achieved by endoscopy. Under endoscopic control, the medial, anterior, and posterior groups of perforating veins can be prepared at different levels and dissected after bipolar coagulation. Under endoscopic control the superficial fasciae of the leg are split.
Glycosphingolipids in clonal variants of rat fibrosarcoma cells with different transplantability. (1983)

Neutral glycolipids and gangliosides of four clonal variants of rat fibrosarcoma AS-653 cells with different transplantability were analyzed. A highly malignant clone A had a much lower quantity of GM3 ganglioside and a much higher quantity of lactosylceramide as compared to clones Z and G, which showed low transplantability and less malignancy, and a variant clone P, which showed tumorigenicity only in ascites form. A similar correlation was found with the quantity of an unidentified slow-migrating neutral glycolipid in various clones. This glycolipid was present in trace amount in the original highly malignant clone A, increased moderately in clones G and Z, and increased greatly in clone P, which showed no subcutaneous transplantability. The results of these studies suggest that a blockage of synthesis of GM3 ganglioside and a long chain neutral glycolipid occurred with enhanced malignancy, and an enhanced synthesis of GM3 ganglioside and the long chain neutral glycolipid is associated with a decrease in transplantability.
Variable-energy Positron Study of Nanopore Structure in Hydrocarbon–Siliconoxide Hybrid PECVD Films (2012)

Nanopore formation upon heat treatment of hydrocarbon-siliconoxide hybrid ﬁlms was investigated by means of the variable-energy positron annihilation γ-ray and lifetime techniques. The ﬁlms were prepared using plasma enhanced chemicalvapor deposition (PECVD),and nanoscopic poresinthe ﬁlms weredeveloped throughthe decom positionofasacriﬁcialhydrocarbonous porogenbyannealingthe ﬁlmsat temperaturesupto600 °C.Asaresultofthe positron annihilation γ-ray measurements, the line-shape S parameter increases with increasing annealing temperature from 150 °C to 400 °C, while it reduces with further increasing temperature. This suggests that more positronium annihilate with carbonous elements remaining on the wall of pores formed at temperatures up to 400 °C. The lifetime measurements revealed the nanopore sizes in the range from 0.2 nm3 to 2.0 nm3. With increasing the pore size the ﬁlm refractive index reduced from 1.44 to 1.29. The variable-energy positron techniques were demonstrated to be useful to examine the nanoporosity evolution for porous PECVD ﬁlms.
Mobility of bubbles with small numbers of Bloch lines (1973)

The translational and radial mobilities of bubbles with small numbers of Bloch lines are investigated in a garnet film with moderately low damping. Depending on the number of Bloch lines, the bubbles propagate at different angles in an applied field gradient, in agreement with previous theory. However, the dependence of translational speed on Bloch line number, though weak, is an order of magnitude larger than predicted unless one attributes an additional coercivity or viscous damping to each Bloch line. Bubbles whose states have been identified by propagation in a gradient field are investigated by the dynamic bubble collapse technique; the ones which deflect at a particular nonzero angle show the largest dynamic collapse velocities. This experiment gives evidence that these bubbles, rather than those showing no deflection, are the ones without any Bloch lines. Such bubbles are investigated over a large range of radial drive fields; they show an initial high-mobility region culminating in a sharp peak, followed by a region of lower but appreciable mobility, followed by a velocity saturation. These features are compared to a theory by Slonczewski. In addition it is shown that the dynamic bubble collapse technique can be extended and its analysis simplified by working at very small threshold fields.
Additive effect of red blood cell rigidity and adherence to endothelial cells in inducing vascular resistance (2008)

To explore the contribution of red blood cell (RBC) deformability and interaction with endothelial cells (ECs) to circulatory disorders, these RBC properties were modified by treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and their effects on vascular resistance were monitored following their infusion into rat mesocecum vasculature. Treatment with 0.5 mM H(2)O(2) increased RBC/EC adherence without significant alteration of RBC deformability. At 5.0 mM H(2)O(2), RBC deformability was considerably reduced, inducing a threefold increase in the number of undeformable cells, whereas RBC/EC adherence was not further affected by the increased H(2)O(2) concentration. This enabled the selective manipulation of RBC adherence and deformability and the testing of their differential effect on vascular resistance. Perfusion of RBCs with enhanced adherence and unchanged deformability (treatment with 0.5 mM H(2)O(2)) increased vascular resistance by about 35% compared with untreated control RBCs. Perfusion of 5.0 mM H(2)O(2)-treated RBCs, with reduced deformability (without additional increase of adherence), further increased vascular resistance by about 60% compared with untreated control RBCs. These results demonstrate the specific effects of elevated adherence and reduced deformability of oxidized RBCs on vascular resistance. These effects can be additive, depending on the oxidation conditions. The oxidation-induced changes applied in this study are moderate compared with those observed in RBCs in pathological states. Yet, they caused a considerable increase in vascular resistance, thus demonstrating the potency of RBC/EC adherence and RBC deformability in determining resistance to blood flow in vivo.
Highly Efficient Oxidation of Amines to Imines by Singlet Oxygen and Its Application in Ugi-Type Reactions (2009)

A variety of secondary benzylic amines were oxidized to imines in 90% to >99% yields by singlet oxygen generated from oxygen and a porphyrin photosensitizer. On the basis of these reactions, a protocol was developed for oxidative Ugi-type reactions with singlet oxygen as the oxidant. This protocol has been used to synthesize C1- and N-functionalized benzylic amines in up to 96% yields.
Review : Instrumentation for the rheological characterization of foods/Instrumentación para la caracterización reológica de alimentos (1995)

The rheometer, which measures the associated torque at controlled deformation, or, alternately, the associated deformation at controllable known torque, is an essential tool in food rheological studies. The modern rheometer consists of three main components: a measuring geometry, a torque transducer, and an angular displacement device. The geometry is very important; it is used to generate a particular deformation of a food material. In rheological measurements, the geometry is usually interchangeable and can be selected according to the physical state of the testing material. Thus, the selection of a measuring geometry (i.e., cone-plate, parallel plate, concentric cylinder, or capillary geometry) is critical if reliable and accurate rheological data are required. In this review, the basic concepts of rheological properties (viscosity and viscoelasticity) are summarized; working equations of several commonly used geometries are presented; nonideality of geometries (i.e., end effect, slippage, viscous heating, etc.) are discussed; working equations of standard geometries are given; and, finally, the design philosophy of newly developed features of several commercial rheometers are addressed.
Magnetic Circular Dichroism and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies of Hydrogenases I and II from Clostridium pasteurianum (1989)

The two iron-only hydrogenases (I and II) from Clostridium pasteurianum have been investigated by variable temperature magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies. Samples were studied both reduced with dithionite under an atmosphere of H2 and after oxidation with thionine. The results are consistent with four and two [4Fe-4S]1+,2+ (F)-clusters in hydrogenases I and II, respectively. All four F-clusters are reduced and paramagnetic in reduced hydrogenase I, with up to one exhibiting an S = 3/2 ground state and the remainder having conventional S = 1/2 ground states. Both F-clusters have S = 1/2 ground states in reduced hydrogenase II; however, one appears to be only partially reduced under the conditions used for reduction. MCD studies of the oxidized enzymes show no temperature-dependent features in the visible region which can be attributed to the EPR-active S = 1/2 hydrogen-activating cluster, suggesting predominantly oxygen and nitrogen coordination for the iron atoms of this center. However, temperature-dependent MCD transitions arising from a hitherto undetected S greater than 1/2 Fe-S clusters are apparent in both oxidized hydrogenases. Detailed EPR studies of oxidized hydrogenase I revealed resonances from an S = 3/2 species, however, spin quantitation reveals this to be a trace component that is unlikely to be responsible for the observed low temperature MCD spectrum. The nature and origin of these S greater than 1/2 Fe-S clusters are discussed in light of the available spectroscopic data for these and other iron-only hydrogenases.