gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunization with Clinical HIV-1 Env Proteins Induces Broad Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity–Mediating Antibodies in a Rabbit Vaccination Model (2017)

The induction of both neutralizing antibodies and non-neutralizing antibodies with effector functions, for example, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), is desired in the search for effective vaccines against HIV-1. In the pursuit of novel immunogens capable of inducing an efficient antibody response, rabbits were immunized with selected antigens using different prime-boost strategies. We immunized 35 different groups of rabbits with Env antigens from clinical HIV-1 subtypes A and B, including immunization with DNA alone, protein alone, and DNA prime with protein boost. The rabbit sera were screened for ADCC activity using a GranToxiLux-based assay with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as effector cells and CEM.NKR<sub>CCR5</sub> cells coated with HIV-1 envelope as target cells. The groups with the highest ADCC activity were further characterized for cross-reactivity between HIV-1 subtypes. The immunogen inducing the most potent and broadest ADCC response was a trimeric gp140. The ADCC activity was highest against the HIV-1 subtype corresponding to the immunogen. The ADCC activity did not necessarily reflect neutralizing activity in the pseudovirus-TZMbl assay, but there was an overall correlation between the two antiviral activities. We present a rabbit vaccination model and an assay suitable for screening HIV-1 vaccine candidates for the induction of ADCC-mediating antibodies in addition to neutralizing antibodies. The antigens and/or immunization strategies capable of inducing antibodies with ADCC activity did not necessarily induce neutralizing activity and vice versa. Nevertheless, we identified vaccine candidates that were able to concurrently induce both types of responses and that had ADCC activity that was cross-reactive between different subtypes. When searching for an effective vaccine candidate, it is important to evaluate the antibody response using a model and an assay measuring the desired function.
10-Gb/s, 80-km SMF Transmission From 0 to 80 $^{\circ}$C by Using L-Band InGaAlAs-MQW Electroabsorption Modulated Laser With Twin Waveguide Structure (2009)

A 10-Gbit/s, 1.58-mu m, InGaAlAs electroabsorption modulator (EAM) integrated distributed-feedback (DFB) laser (EML) with a twin waveguide (TWG) structure is operated experimentally over a wide temperature range of 0 to 80degC. We introduce an InGaAlAs multi-quantum well (MQW) system for both LD and EAM MQWs, because this material has temperature-tolerant characteristics. These layers are grown using single step epitaxial growth, and the device was fabricated with a very simple process. Moreover, successful transmission through an 80-km single-mode fiber (SMF) was achieved with the device running at up to 80degC. These results confirm the suitability of this type of laser for use as a cost-effective and low-power consumption light source in 10-Gbit/s optical network systems.
Blind speech dereverberation with multi-channel linear prediction based on short time fourier transform representation (2008)

It has recently been shown that the use of the time-varying nature of speech signals allows us to achieve high quality speech dereverberation based on multi-channel linear prediction (MCLP). However, this approach requires a huge computing cost for calculating large covariance matrices in the time domain. In addition, we face the important problem of how to combine the speech dereverberation efficiently with many other useful speech enhancement techniques in the short time Fourier transform (STFT) domain. As the first step to overcoming these problems, this paper presents methods for implementing MCLP based speech dereverberation that allow it to work in the STFT domain with much less computing cost. The effectiveness of the present methods is confirmed by experiments in terms of the recovered signal quality and the computing time.
Macular Pigment Measurement by Heterochromatic Flicker Photometry in Older Subjects: The Carotenoids and Age-Related Eye Disease Study (2004)

Reliable and meaningful measurements of macular pigment density in older subjects can be made using HFP, with a standardized protocol in the limited time available in large epidemiologic studies. This protocol will be made freely available to other researchers on request.
Ultrafast serrodyne optical frequency translator (2022)

The serrodyne principle enables shifting the frequency of an electromagnetic signal by applying a linear phase ramp in the time domain [1]. This phenomenon has been exploited to frequency-shift signals in the radiofrequency (RF), microwave and optical region of the electromagnetic spectrum over ranges of up to a few GHz e.g. to analyse the Doppler shift of RF signals, for noise suppression and frequency stabilization [2-9]. Here, we employ this principle to shift the center frequency of high power femtosecond laser pulses over a range of several THz with the help of a nonlinear multi-pass cell. We demonstrate our method experimentally by shifting the central wavelength of a state-of-the-art 75 W frequency comb laser from 1030\,nm to 1060\,nm and to 1000\,nm. Furthermore, we experimentally show that this wavelength shifting technique supports coherence characteristics at the few Hz-level while improving the temporal pulse quality. The technique is generally applicable to wide parameter ranges and different laser systems, enabling efficient wavelength conversion of high-power lasers to spectral regions beyond the gain bandwidth of available laser platforms.
Cyclical change of hMSH2 protein expression in normal endometrium during the menstrual cycle and its overexpression in endometrial hyperplasia and sporadic endometrial carcinoma (2002)

This study demonstrates that hMSH2 protein expression changes during the menstrual cycle in parallel with proliferative activity. In most patients with sporadic endometrial carcinoma, the expression of hMSH2 protein is consistent with PCNA expression. In contrast, loss of hMSH2 expression is observed rarely in patients with sporadic endometrial carcinoma.
PB2300: COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION NEGATIVELY AFFECTS THE PLATELET RESPONSE TO THROMBOPOIETIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS IN PATIENTS WITH IMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY (2022)

Background: Increased platelet destruction is central in the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia. However, impaired platelet production is also relevant, and its significance underlies the rationale for treatment with thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs). Previous studies have associated enhanced complement activation with increased disease severity. Additionally, treatment refractoriness has been demonstrated to resolve by the administration of complement-targeted therapeutics in a subset of patients. Aims: To investigate the association between complement activation and platelet response to TPO-RA therapy. Methods: In this study, blood samples from patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (n = 15) were prospectively collected before and 2, 6 and 12 weeks after the initiation of TPO-RA therapy. Levels of complement degradation product C4d and soluble terminal complement complexes were assessed. Results: Patients with significantly elevated baseline levels of terminal complement complexes had more often undergone splenectomy (p = .08), exhibited more often an inadequate platelet response (p = .04) and were exclusively subjected to rescue therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin (p = .02) during the study period. C4d showed a significant (p = .01) ability to distinguish samples with significant terminal complement activation, implying engagement of the classical complement pathway. Summary/Conclusion: Elevated levels of complement biomarkers were associated with a worse TPO-RA treatment response. Larger studies are needed to confirm these results. Biomarkers of complement activation may prove valuable as a prognostic tool to predict which patients that potentially could benefit from complement-inhibiting therapy in the future.
Abstract Nested Transactions (2007)

Presented at The Second ACM SIGPLAN Workshop on Transactional Computing (TRANSACT 07), Portland, Oregon, August 16, 2007.
Magnetization of a two-dimensional electron gas and the role of one-dimensional edge currents (1999)

The influence of the sample edge for the de Haas--van Alphen oscillations in the magnetization of a two-dimensional electron gas is derived using a single-particle approach. The relation of the concept of one-dimensional edge channels, taken from the context of the quantum Hall effect, to the oscillatory magnetization is investigated. The possibility of a local measurement of the de Haas--van Alphen effect in a two-dimensional electron gas is discussed.
Supplementary Table S1 from Gene expression profiles do not consistently predict the clinical treatment response in locally advanced breast cancer (2023)

Supplementary Table S1 from Gene expression profiles do not consistently predict the clinical treatment response in locally advanced breast cancer
Améliorer la survie à long terme du greffon en limitant la néphrotoxicité des immunosuppresseurs et en réduisant le risque vasculaire (2009)

This study investigated the effect of octylphenol (OP) and nonylphenol (NP) on decidualization of endometrial stromal cells. Telomerase-immortalized human endometrial stromal cells were cultured for 12 days and decidualization was induced in vitro. The cells were exposed to OP (5 or 10 μM) or NP (5 μM) during in vitro decidualization. The expression levels of decidualization markers were analyzed using qRT-PCR. The amount of prolactin (PRL) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) was measured in medium using ELISA. The expression levels of PRL and IGFBP1 were significantly decreased by treatment with OP or NP. The amounts of PRL and IGFBP1 were also significantly decreased by treatment with OP or NP. The patterns of PRL and IGFBP1 secretion into medium were consistent with their expression patterns. The findings indicate that OP or NP may disrupt the decidualization of endometrial stromal cells and eventually affect the reproductive health of women.
Supplementary Table 4 from Concordance of Genomic Alterations between Primary and Recurrent Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 138K, Adjuvant systemic treatments.&lt;/p&gt;
EN LA ÚLTIMA DÉCADA DISMINUYERON LOS RECURSOS DE APOYO A PAÍSES EN DESARROLLO: ABEL ABARCA (2000)

ORGANIZADO POR LA FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES (FES) CUAUTITL N, SE REALIZO EN LA CASA DE FRANCIA EL CICLO CIENCIA, CONCIENCIA Y CAFE, CON LA CHARLA ­JUNTOS LA HACEMOS MEJOR!. EN ELLA, ABEL ABARCA, DIRECTOR GENERAL DE COOPERACION TECNICA Y CIENTIFICA DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE COOPERACION INTERNACIONAL DE LA SECRETARIA DE RELACIONES EXTERIORES, COMENTO SOBRE EL DECREMENTO EN LA APLICACION DE RECURSOS ECONOMICOS DE LOS PAISES A LA COOPERACION INTERNACIONAL Y QUE HA AFECTADO A MEXICO. TAL ES EL CASO DEL GOBIERNO BRIT NICO, QUIEN CANCELO RECIENTEMENTE EL PROGRAMA DE COOPERACION CIENTIFICA-TENOLOGICA CON NUESTRO PAIS, Y EL DE LA UNION EUROPEA, QUE REDUJO 10 POR CIENTO EL CAPITAL QUE DESTINABA COMO APOYO PARA LATINOAMERICA Y EL CARIBE. EN LA CHARLA TAMBIEN INTERVINO ALEJANDRA MEYENBERG, SUBDIRECTORA DE ASUNTOS BILATERALES DEL CONACYT, QUIEN SENALO QUE EN EL CASO DE ESTE ORGANISMO LOS ACUERDOS CON OTRAS NACIONES SON DE COFINANCIAMIENTO E INVOLUCRAN A DIVERSAS INSTITUCIONES MEXICANAS.
Comparison of two structured illumination techniques based on different 3D illumination patterns (2017)

Manipulating the excitation pattern in optical microscopy has led to several super-resolution techniques. Among different patterns, the lateral sinusoidal excitation was used for the first demonstration of structured illumination microscopy (SIM), which provides the fastest SIM acquisition system (based on the number of raw images required) compared to the multi-spot illumination approach. Moreover, 3D patterns that include lateral and axial variations in the illumination have attracted more attention recently as they address resolution enhancement in three dimensions. A threewave (3W) interference technique based on coherent illumination has already been shown to provide super-resolution and optical sectioning in 3D-SIM. In this paper, we investigate a novel tunable technique that creates a 3D pattern from a set of multiple incoherently illuminated parallel slits that act as light sources for a Fresnel biprism. This setup is able to modulate the illumination pattern in the object space both axially and laterally with adjustable modulation frequencies. The 3D forward model for the new system is developed here to consider the effect of the axial modulation due to the 3D patterned illumination. The performance of 3D-SIM based on 3W interference and the tunable system are investigated in simulation and compared based on two different criteria. First, restored images obtained for both 3D-SIM systems using a generalized Wiener filter are compared to determine the effect of the illumination pattern on the reconstruction. Second, the effective frequency response of both systems is studied to determine the axial and lateral resolution enhancement that is obtained in each case.
mTOR hyperactivation in Down Syndrome underlies deficits in autophagy induction, autophagosome formation, and mitophagy (2019)

Down syndrome (DS), a complex genetic disorder caused by chromosome 21 trisomy, is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction leading to the accumulation of damaged mitochondria. Here we report that mitophagy, a form of selective autophagy activated to clear damaged mitochondria is deficient in primary human fibroblasts derived from individuals with DS leading to accumulation of damaged mitochondria with consequent increases in oxidative stress. We identified two molecular bases for this mitophagy deficiency: PINK1/PARKIN impairment and abnormal suppression of macroautophagy. First, strongly downregulated PARKIN and the mitophagic adaptor protein SQSTM1/p62 delays PINK1 activation to impair mitophagy induction after mitochondrial depolarization by CCCP or antimycin A plus oligomycin. Secondly, mTOR is strongly hyper-activated, which globally suppresses macroautophagy induction and the transcriptional expression of proteins critical for autophagosome formation such as ATG7, ATG3 and FOXO1. Notably, inhibition of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and complex 2 (mTORC2) using AZD8055 (AZD) restores autophagy flux, PARKIN/PINK initiation of mitophagy, and the clearance of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy. These results recommend mTORC1-mTORC2 inhibition as a promising candidate therapeutic strategy for Down Syndrome.
Change Management (2000)

The Editors are pleased to offer this opportunity for the associate editors for Change Management to outline their domain, and seek contributions from potential authors.
Ferroelectric Devices 2nd Edition (2000)

Updating its bestselling predecessor, Ferroelectric Devices, Second Edition assesses the last decade of developmentsand setbacksin the commercialization of ferroelectricity. Field pioneer and esteemed author Uchino provides insight into why this relatively nascent and interdisciplinary process has failed so far without a systematic accumulation of fundamental knowledge regarding materials and device development. Filling the informational void, this collection of information reviews state-of-the-art research and development trends reflecting nano and optical technologies, environmental regulation, and alternative energy sources. Like the first edition, which became a standard in the field, this volume provides a general introduction to ferroelectrics with theoretical background. It then addresses practical design and device manufacturing, including recently developed processes and applications. Updating old data with a forecast of future developments, the text analyzes improvements to original ferroelectric devices to aid the design process of new ones. The second edition includes new sections on: Pb-free piezoelectrics Size effect on ferroelectricity Electrocaloric devices Micro mass sensor Piezoelectric energy harvesting Light valves and scanners Multi-ferroic devices, including magneto-electric sensors Uchino provides a general introduction to the theoretical background of ferroelectric devices, practical materials, device designs, drive/control techniques, and typical applications. He presents frequently asked questions from students, lab demonstrations for practical understanding, and check point quizzes and model solutions to monitor understanding. After a thorough exploration of ferroelectric devices and their past, this book looks to the industrys future, assessing market size and remaining reliability/lifetime issues. The author also unveils his strategy for developing best-selling ferroelectric devices.
2-Azaallyl Anion Initiated Ring-Opening Polymerization of N-Sulfonyl Aziridines: One-Pot Synthesis of Primary Amine-Ended Telechelic Polyaziridines (2019)

Using the easily accessible 2-azaallyl anions as initiators, the one-pot synthesis of well-defined primary amine-ended telechelic polyaziridines (α-NH2 PAzs) has been achieved through the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of N-sulfonyl aziridines followed by hydrolysis of the diphenylketimine moiety (—N═C—Ph2). The 2-azaallyl anions were synthesized from the reaction of diphenylketimine or N-[aryl-methylene]-α-phenylbenzenemethanamine with potassium bis(trimethylsilyl) amide (KHMDS) in situ and used to initiate the ROP of aziridines leading to well-defined α-(Ph2C═N)-α′-aryl-ω-NH PAzs. Along with the diphenylketimine group (—N═C—Ph2), aryl functionalities, such as pyridine and triphenylphosphine moieties, can also be incorporated to the chain end. Chain extension has been applied for the synthesis of poly(N-sulfonyl aziridine)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PAz-b-PCL) block copolymers by utilization of the primary amine end group as initiating sites for the ROP of ε-caprolactone catalyzed by tin 2-ethyl hexanoate (SnOct2). Taking advantage of this synthetic approach, core cross-linked multiarm star (CCS) polymers with an outermost shell having amino and triphenylphosphine functionalities have been synthesized via “arm-first” strategy.
Approach to Fronto-Orbital Sequelae in Anterior Synostotic Plagiocephaly: Our Flow Chart Based on Di Rocco Classification (2021)

Introduction: Anterior synostotic plagiocephaly recognizes the synostosis of one of the hemicoronal sutures as a cause and can manifest itself with varying degrees of severity. Clinically it presents a reduction of the sagittal growth of the affected side and flattening of the frontoparietal complex. Materials and Methods: The authors retrospectively examined our case sample dividing it into 3 groups based on the Di Rocco classification. For each category, we assessed the extent of facial alterations at the end of skeletal growth and retrospectively analyzed the surgical options aimed at correcting aesthetic and skeletal deficits. Results: The authors found that predictable results could be obtained by standardizing the surgical procedure based on Di Rocco's classification groups; in particular, the authors achieved satisfactory results by assigning a specific surgical procedure to each class.
Catalytic and binding poly-reactivities shared by two unrelated proteins: The potential role of promiscuity in enzyme evolution (2001)

It is generally accepted that enzymes evolved via gene duplication of existing proteins.But duplicated genes can serve as a starting point for the evolution of a new function only if the protein they encode happens to exhibit some activity towards this new function.Although the importance of such catalytic promiscuity in enzyme evolution has been proposed, little is actually known regarding how common promiscuous catalytic activities are in proteins or their origins, magnitudes, and potential contribution to the survival of an organism.Here we describe a pattern of promiscuous activities in two completely unrelated proteins-serum albumins and a catalytic antibody (aldolase antibody 38C2).Despite considerable structural dissimilarities-in the shape of the cavities and the position of catalytic lysine residues-both active sites are able to catalyze the Kemp elimination, a model reaction for proton transfer from carbon.We also show that these different active sites can bind promiscuously an array of hydrophobic negatively charged ligands.We suggest that the basic active-site features of an apolar pocket and a lysine residue can act as a primitive active site allowing these promiscuous activities to take place.We also describe, by modelling product formation at different substrate concentrations, how promiscuous activities of this kind-inefficient and rudimentary as they are-can provide a considerable selective advantage and a starting point for the evolution of new functions.
Interactive term suggestion for users of digital libraries (1996)

The basic problem in information retrieval is that large-scale searches can only match terms specified by the user to terms appearing in documents in the digital library collection. Intermediate sources that support term suggestion can thus enhance retrieval by providing alternative search terms for the user. Term suggestion increases the recall, while interaction enables the user to attempt to not decrease the precision. We are building a prototype user interface that will become the Web interface for the University of Illinois Digital Library Initiative (DLI) testbed. It supports the principal of multiple views, where different kinds of term suggestors can be used to complement search and each other. This paper discusses its operation with two complementary term suggestors, subject thesauri and co-occurrence lists, and compared their utility. Thesauri are generated by human indexers and place selected terms in a subject hierarchy. Co-occurrence lists are generated by computer and place all terms in frequency order of occurrence together. This paper concludes with a discussion of how multiple views can help provide good quality Search for the Net. This is a paper about the design of a retrieval system prototype that allows users to simultaneously combine terms offered by different suggestion techniques,more » not about comparing the merits of each in a systematic and controlled way. It offers no experimental results.« less
Advice on choosing AREDS or AREDS 2 in non-smokers (2015)

In this article, the authors discuss the benefits of nutritional supplementation in preventing AMD progression and consider which AREDS formulation is the most appropriate in smokers and non-smokers.