gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inclusion Ability of 4-Phenylpyridine-Extended Nickel(II) Dibenzoylmethanate, a New Metal−Complex Host (2001)

A new host complex, [Ni(4-PhPy)2(DBM)2], has been prepared by modification of nickel dibenzoylmethanate (Ni(DBM)2; DBM = C6H5COCHCOC6H5-) with 4-phenylpyridine (4-PhPy). Of 17 organic solvents that were tested as guest candidates, 6 inclusion compounds were isolated, mostly as bulk products. All compounds were characterized with XRD methods. With benzene, fluoro-, chloro-, and bromobenzenes, toluene, and o-xylene, 1:1 inclusions form; they are all green, relatively stable, and isostructural (triclinic, P1̄, Z = 2). The guest species accommodate flattened cages formed upon van der Waals packing of host molecules. The guest inclusion influences the distortion in the bischelate fragment of the host molecule, as the dihedral angle between two chelate rings ranges up to 12°. This distortion is probably responsible for the green color of these phases. The series of inclusions exhibits an order of thermal stability opposite to that which would be expected from the volativity of the neat guests; the order indicates strong preference of the inclusion matrix to benzenes with smaller substituents. With benzene, one more inclusion phase was isolated as a metastable product, with a host-to-guest ratio of 1:4; it is brown and of a distinct structural type (triclinic, P1̄, Z = 1). The guest species are found in alternating layers of closely packed host molecules. The guest-free host phase is brown; its crystal structure (triclinic, P1̄, Z = 1) is different from the inclusion compounds. In all the materials studied the host molecule is a trans-configured octahedral complex with two DBMs chelating the nickel(II) center in an equatorial plane and two 4-PhPy ligands coordinating axially.
Latency and Throughput Optimization in Modern Networks: A Comprehensive Survey. (2020)

Modern applications are highly sensitive to communication delays and throughput. This paper surveys major attempts on reducing latency and increasing the throughput. These methods are surveyed on different networks and surroundings such as wired networks, wireless networks, application layer transport control, Remote Direct Memory Access, and machine learning based transport control.
Electromagnetic power transportation using a smart antenna array (2010)

A novel antenna loop array design algorithm is proposed for electromagnetic power transportation applications. The proposed method works to maximize coupling between the transmitting array and the receiving loop antenna. The scattering matrix of the loop array in addition to the receiving loop is computed using a full-wave simulator. The magnitude and phase of the excitation coefficients are determined by a set of matching networks feeding the transmitting elements in the loop array and the receiving loop element by a circuit simulator. All coupling has been optimized within the MF and HF bands, with the maximum frequency at 10MHz. Preliminary results show minimum losses of -5dB at 5m. The matching networks can be tuned adaptively for a dynamic environment or to couple power to a moving loop.
CHARACTERIZATION OF AN AlGaAs/GaAs METAL-SEMICONDUCTOR-METAL PHOTODETECTOR (1988)

The characteristics of metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors as a function of layout geometry, applied voltage and optical input power are reported. The structures are fabricated using interdigitated indium tin oxide Schottky contacts deposited by sputtering on GaAs substrates and MBE-layers to form the active area. The detectors show high external quantum efficency and fast response (risetime < 70 ps, FWHM < 185 ps).
Cyber and Physical Security Vulnerability Assessment for IoT-Based Smart Homes (2018)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging paradigm focusing on the connection of devices, objects, or "things" to each other, to the Internet, and to users. IoT technology is anticipated to become an essential requirement in the development of smart homes, as it offers convenience and efficiency to home residents so that they can achieve better quality of life. Application of the IoT model to smart homes, by connecting objects to the Internet, poses new security and privacy challenges in terms of the confidentiality, authenticity, and integrity of the data sensed, collected, and exchanged by the IoT objects. These challenges make smart homes extremely vulnerable to different types of security attacks, resulting in IoT-based smart homes being insecure. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the possible security risks to develop a complete picture of the security status of smart homes. This article applies the operationally critical threat, asset, and vulnerability evaluation (OCTAVE) methodology, known as OCTAVE Allegro, to assess the security risks of smart homes. The OCTAVE Allegro method focuses on information assets and considers different information containers such as databases, physical papers, and humans. The key goals of this study are to highlight the various security vulnerabilities of IoT-based smart homes, to present the risks on home inhabitants, and to propose approaches to mitigating the identified risks. The research findings can be used as a foundation for improving the security requirements of IoT-based smart homes.
MMP Inhibitors: Experimental and Clinical Studies (1999)

Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are a family of structurally related enzymes that are capable of degrading proteins of the extracellular matrix. These enzymes play a role in tissue remodelling associated with both physiological and pathogenic processes. A high expression of MMPs is associated with cancer malignancy: it is related to the tumor's ability to metastasize and to the process of angiogenesis. Treatment with MMP inhibitors alone or in combination with cytotoxic therapy is an interesting novel approach to control tumor progression. The expected mechanism of action of these compounds and the difference in side effects compared to cytotoxic drugs make the definition of endpoints and the assessment of response difficult. Furthermore, it is not yet clear whether tumor vascularization or, more specifically, MMP expression/activation should be a criterion of eligibility for this kind of treatment. This review provides an overview of the characteristics of MMPs and their role in tumor progression, metastasis and angiogenesis. Preclinical and clinical studies with synthetic MMP inhibitors are described. The presence of MMPs in biological fluids of patients and their use in prognostic evaluation and in determining the efficacy of treatment with MMP inhibitors is discussed.
In vitro genotoxicity and in vivo single-dose oral toxicity of polysaccharide fraction from the leaves of Diospyros kaki thunb (2021)

Background: Polysaccharides isolated from medicinal herbs are regarded as important bioactive materials due to their various physiological activities. In our previous study, the polysaccharide fraction (PLE0) was separated from pectinase-digested persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) leaves and showed immunostimulatory and anti-osteoporotic effects. However, there is currently no information regarding the toxicity of PLE0. Materials and Methods: As a toxicological evaluation, acute oral toxicity and in vitro genotoxicity assays (chromosomal aberration and bacterial reverse mutation tests) were performed. Results: In the single-dose acute oral toxicity test in female and male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, the median lethal dose of PLE0 was higher than 5000 mg/kg and adverse effects were not observed in terms of mortality and abnormal changes in clinical signs. Furthermore, chromosomal abnormality and bacterial reverse mutation tests showed that PLE0 displays no mutagenicity or clastogenicity. Conclusion: Based on these results, PLE0 was not mutagenic and did not induce chromosomal aberration in vitro under our experimental conditions and exhibited no acute oral toxicity at up to 5000 mg/kg in SD rats.
Antitumor efficacy of edotecarin in combination with other cytotoxic drugs. (2004)

2099 Edotecarin is an indolocarbazole derivative, more potent than camptothecin in inhibiting topoisomerase I and active in a panel of in vitro and in vivo human tumor models (Yoshinari et al, Cancer Res. 1999; Arakawa et al, Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 1999). When tested in vitro, edotecarin showed synergism with cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin. The synergy observed in combination with cisplatin was confirmed also in vivo against the P388 leukemia model and the HCT-116 human colon carcinoma model, with both treatments administered on the same days with 1-h interval. When tested with a similar schedule on the same HCT-116 model, also the combination with CPT-11 showed an antitumor efficacy higher than that observed with the two compounds as single agents. Synergistic activity with docetaxel was observed on the SKBR-3 human breast carcinoma model when edotecarin was administered after the taxane with a 24-h interval. As far as the combination with 5-FU is concerned, the schedule with a 72-96 h interval between drugs presented the highest improvement of the antitumor activity in comparison with the single drugs. No toxicity was reported in any of the presented combinations.
Thin film diamond by chemical vapour deposition methods (1994)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Live migration of virtual machine based on full system trace and replay (2009)

Live migration of virtual machines (VM) across distinct physical hosts provides a significant new benefit for administrators of data centers and clusters. Previous migration schemes focused on transferring the runtime memory state of the VM. Those approaches employed memory pre-copy algorithm to synchronize the migrating VM states, which make VM live migration cost much network traffic and application downtime, especially for memory intensive workloads. This paper describes the design and implementation of a novel approach CR/TR-Motion that adopts checkpointing/recovery and trace/replay technology to provide fast, transparent VM migration. With execution trace logged on the source host, a synchronization algorithm is performed to orchestrate the running source and target VM until they get a consistent state. We also give a formalized characterization about the migration evaluation metrics and make a mathematical analysis about our algorithm. Our scheme can greatly reduce the migration downtime and network bandwidth consumption. Experimental measurements show that our approach can drastically reduce migration overheads compared with pre-copy algorithm: up to 72.4% on application observed downtime, up to 31.5% on total migration time and up to 95.9% on the data to synchronize the VM state, while the application performance overhead due to migration is less than 8.54% on average.
Wrist Rehabilitation Following Stroke: Initial Clinical Results (2005)

In 1991, a novel robot named MIT-MANUS was introduced as a test bed to study the potential of using robots to assist in and quantify the neuro-rehabilitation of motor function. It introduced a new brand of therapy, offering a highly backdrivable mechanism with a soft and stable feel for the user. MIT-MANUS proved an excellent fit for shoulder and elbow rehabilitation in stroke patients, showing in clinical trials a reduction of impairment in these joints. The greater reduction in impairment was observed in the group of muscles exercised. This suggests a need for additional robots to rehabilitate other target areas of the body. The focus here is a robot for wrist rehabilitation designed to provide three rotational degrees of freedom. A previous paper at ICORR2003 and its companion book described the basic system design and characterization. In this paper we present clinical results from five (5) stroke patients. A comprehensive review of the wrist robot design, characterization, and initial clinical results are being submitted elsewhere (EEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering).
Using cavity ringdown spectroscopy for continuous monitoring of δ13C(CO2) and ƒCO2 in the surface ocean (2012)

The role of the global surface ocean as a source and sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide and the flux strengths between the ocean and the atmosphere can be quantified by measuring the fugacity of CO 2 (ƒCO 2 ) as well as the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration and its isotopic composition in surface seawater. In this work, the potential of continuous wave cavity ringdown spectroscopy ( cw ‐CRDS) for autonomous underway measurements of ƒCO 2 and the stable carbon isotope ratio of DIC [δ 13 C(DIC)] is explored. For the first time, by using a conventional air‐sea equilibrator setup, both quantities were continuously and simultaneously recorded during a field deployment on two research cruises following meridional transects across the Atlantic Ocean (Bremerhaven, Germany—Punta Arenas, Chile). Data are compared against reference measurements by an established underway CO 2 monitoring system and isotope ratio mass spectrometric analysis of individual water samples. Agreement within ΔƒCO 2 = 0.35 µatm for atmospheric and ΔƒCO 2 = 2.5 µatm and Δδ 13 C(DIC) = 0.33‰ for seawater measurements have been achieved. Whereas “calibration‐free” ƒCO 2 monitoring is feasible, the measurement of accurate isotope ratios relies on running reference standards on a daily basis. Overall, the installed CRDS/equilibrator system was shown to be capable of reliable online monitoring of ƒCO 2 , equilibrium δ 13 C(CO 2 ), δ 13 C(DIC), and p O 2 aboard moving research vessels, thus making possible corresponding measurements with high spatial and temporal resolution.
Improving polyglucan production in cyanobacteria and microalgae via cultivation design and metabolic engineering (2015)

Photosynthetic microorganisms, such as cyanobacteria and microalgae, are currently being investigated as alternative biomass resources for bioethanol production, owing to their benefits, including high-photosynthetic activity and whole-year cultivation without utilization of arable land. Polyglucans comprise the major carbohydrate content of these organisms. Polyglucans can be utilized as a carbon source for microbial fermentation. Although polyglucan production has so far been promoted by nutrient limitation, it must be further enhanced to accommodate market demand. This review focuses on the recent progress in the production of α-polyglucans such asglycogen and starch in cyanobacteria and green microalgae via cultivation design, including modifying the nutrient supply and replacing the growth medium. The control and manipulation of polyglucan metabolism necessitates the elucidation of the polyglucan production mechanism. We reviewed gene expression and metabolite accumulation profiles of cyanobacteria and green microalgae during nutrient limitation-stimulated α-polyglucan accumulation. We also focus on the enhancement in cyanobacterial glycogen production via the genetic engineering of glycolysis, CO2 concentration mechanism, and photosynthetic light-harvesting protein based on the polyglucan accumulation mechanism. The combined strategies of cultivation design and genetic engineering should be considered for further enhancement of polyglucan productivity for bioethanol production.
Nickel Supported on Mesoporous Zirconium Oxide by Atomic Layer Deposition: Initial Fixed-Bed Reactor Study (2019)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is gaining attention as a catalyst preparation method able to produce metal (oxide, sulphide, etc.) nanoparticles of uniform size down to single atoms. This work reports our initial experiments to support nickel on mesoporous zirconia. Nickel (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate)2 [Ni(thd)2] was reacted in a fixed-bed ALD reactor with zirconia, characterised with BET surface area of 72 m2/g and mean pore size of 14 nm. According to X-ray fluorescence measurements, the average nickel loading on the top part of the support bed was on the order of 1 wt%, corresponding to circa one nickel atom per square nanometre. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive spectroscopy confirmed that in the top part of the fixed support bed, nickel was distributed throughout the zirconia particles. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated the nickel oxidation state to be two. Organic thd ligands remained complete on the surface after the Ni(thd)2 reaction with zirconia, as followed with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. The ligands could be fully removed by oxidation at 400 °C. These initial results indicate that nickel catalysts on zirconia can likely be made by ALD. Before catalytic testing, in addition to increasing the nickel loading by repeated ALD cycles, optimization of the process parameters is required to ensure uniform distribution of nickel throughout the support bed and within the zirconia particles.
Automatic vehicle identification to support driver information systems (2003)

The authors describe how research in automatic vehicle identification (AVI) technology can be transferred to practical transportation engineering situations. They focus on the development and implementation, for the Virginia Department of Transportation, of an AVI-based electronic toll collection system known as Fastoll. One of the most promising areas where the Fastoll system could be enhanced relatively easily is through the provision of improved real-time driver information for the avoidance of congestion. The authors consider the use of the Fastoll AVI technology to provide input to route guidance and other driver information systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Reduction of EMI in Transmit/Receive Modules for Space Systems (2019)

Electromagnetic interference within metallic enclosures where RF devices and systems are placed is becoming a major concern due to the continuous reduction of the size of such cavities and the ever growing involved signal levels. This type of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) related problem is extremely relevant in aerospace electronics, especially in high power amplification chains, where a failure of the system may invalidate the overall long-term system performances. In the present work, a solution based on an innovative design of the cavity lid that includes a perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) surface by means of a low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) substrate, is proposed and analyzed. Such solution enables multiple packaging of complex system functions, like transmit receive modules (TRM's), using a simple manufacturing and cost effective approach.
Conceptual model to predict Filipino teachers’ adoption of ICT-based instruction in class: using the UTAUT model (2020)

For scaling up pedagogical innovation with information and communications technology (ICT), governments around the world put a concerted effort into teachers’ acceptance of ICTs and the actual use of ICTs for instruction, yet there is limited literature about the conceptual framework of teachers accepting the ICTs and their usage for instruction typically in the Asia-Pacific region. To fill such gaps in the current literature, this study aims to construct a conceptual model of teachers’ effective practice of ICT-based instruction under a mandatory context in the Philippines based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. Through a survey conducted by 305 secondary school teachers in the Philippines, this study revealed that performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI) and education policy (EP) have significant effects on teachers’ behavioural intention to use ICTs (BI) and BI, teachers’ ICTs use habit (IUH) and facilitating conditions (FCs) have positive effects on the actual use of ICTs for instruction. The study then recommends a series of actions to improve research and policy on teachers’ use of ICT-based instruction.
3D Seismic Amplitude Filtering Using Dip Steered Geostatistics (2006)

It is now commonly acknowledged that spatial filters using geostatistics (factorial kriging) may prove useful when applied to seismic cubes in several operational contexts such as spatial quality check, noise reduction, 4D equalization and spectral decomposition. But even when based upon a reliable co-regionalization model defined along the main inline, crossline and time or depth axes, these spatial filters are opened to criticism as no structural dipping information is taken into account. A dip steered factorial kriging solution is presented which consists in introducing local dip and azimuth information into the kriging equations system, thus leading to more geologically consistent results.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;A real data case study illustrates the contribution of the dip steered factorial kriging when applied to a post-stack amplitude cube for noise reduction purpose: The coherency of the geological seismic events is enhanced when compared to results obtained by factorial kriging disregarding structural dipping. &lt;br&gt;
Real-Time Median Filtering for Embedded Smart Cameras (2006)

This paper describes a new median filter algorithm optimized for real-time performance in smart cameras with embedded processors. As in the JPEG and MPEG compression algorithms, each frame of the video stream is first partitioned into a regular array of non-overlapping square blocks. The median value for each block is then computed and compared with corresponding values of neighboring blocks. If the magnitude of the difference does not exceed a threshold, the output value for all the pixels in the block is set to the median value. Otherwise, the output value for each pixel in the block is computed as the median value within a window of the same size centered at this pixel. We describe variations for binary and grayscale images. The algorithm has been implemented and tested in an embedded single-board-computer (SBC) with no hardware acceleration, as a component of a Visual Sensor Network (VSN) system for real-time indoor person detection and tracking. In this system, where the SBCs have the additional overhead of decoding JPEG frames from IP cameras, our new algorithm is 5 to 20 times faster than the traditional algorithms for typical window sizes. We expect further speedups to frame-rate performance on smart cameras with embedded image sensors and reconfigurable hardware.