gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of effects of thermal injury and smoke inhalation on bacterial translocation. (1990)

Thermal injury as well as smoke inhalation injury results in serious morbidity and high mortality. In a chronic ovine model, we studied the development of bacterial translocation to the mesenteric lymph node, liver, spleen, kidney, and lung following: 1) sham injury (N = 6), 2) cutaneous thermal injury (N = 5), 3) cotton smoke inhalation injury (N = 4), 4) combined thermal injury and smoke inhalation injury (N = 7). Cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, and plasma protein concentration were maintained within 10% of preinjury values. Urine output was maintained above 1 ml/kg/hour with fluid and plasma resuscitation. A wide-beam ultrasonic flow probe was chronically implanted to allow serial measurement of cephalic mesenteric arterial blood flow throughout the 48-hour experimental period. Sheep were sacrificed 48 hours following injury for quantitative organ culture of mesenteric lymph node, liver, spleen, kidney, and lung. Measurements of mesenteric blood flow demonstrated a decrease to 48 +/- 8%, 80 +/- 5%, and 64 +/- 9% of preinjury levels in sheep receiving thermal injury, smoke inhalation injury, and combination injury, respectively. The sham animals maintained mesenteric blood flow at 102 +/- 7% of control levels. Thermal injury, as well as combination thermal and smoke inhalation injury, resulted in higher levels of translocation than smoke inhalation injury alone.
Altered metabolism and decreased efficacy of prednisolone and prednisone in patients with hyperthyroidism (1988)

To evaluate the effect of hyperthyroidism on the protein binding and metabolism of prednisolone, eight subjects with hyperthyroidism were investigated before and after thyroid status returned to normal. Hyperthyroidism was associated with a reduced volume of distribution of prednisolone, a decreased systemic availability of prednisolone after oral prednisone, a displacement of the prednisolone in equilibrium with prednisone equilibrium toward prednisone, and an increased nonrenal clearance of unbound prednisolone in the presence of an impaired 6 beta-hydroxyprednisolone formation. After oral prednisone or intravenous prednisolone, patients with hyperthyroidism had lower albumin-bound, transcortin-bound, and unbound concentrations of prednisolone but normal affinities of albumin and transcortin for prednisolone binding. These differences in prednisolone plasma concentrations were biologically relevant, because the capacity of these plasma samples to inhibit allogeneically stimulated lymphocytes was lower by 70% in the hyperthyroid than in the euthyroid state. Thus hyperthyroidism reduces the biologic effect of prednisolone and exhibits a differential effect on various enzymes involved in the catabolism of prednisolone.
THE CONFIGURATION OF GLYCOSIDIC LINKAGES IN OLIGOSACCHARIDES: X. KÖNIGS–KNORR REACTIONS OF 3,5-DI-O-BENZOYL-ARABINO- AND -RIBO-FURANOSYL BROMIDES AND THEIR 2-SUBSTITUTED DERIVATIVES (1962)

The reactions of 3,5-di-O-benzoyl-L-arabinofuranosyl and -D-ribofuranosyl bromides and their 2-substituted 1,2-trans-derivatives (2-acetates, 2-benzoates, 2-p-nitrobenzoates, and 2-nitrates) with methanol and 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucose have been studied. The products of these reactions, the occurrence of retention or inversion of configuration or orthoester formation, and the suitability of bromo derivatives for stereospecific synthesis of glycosidc linkages were considered. In general, the syntheses of oligosaccharides are more stereospecific than the corresponding formation of methyl glycosides. As in the α-D-mannopyranosyl bromide series, the reactions with tetra-O-acetyl-glucose give products with retention of configuration about C-1, presumably via an intermediate cyclic carbonium ion when there is an ester at C-2, but retention can take place also even when there is no convenient ester group at C-2 of the bromide. The participation of the C-2 substituent is particularly noteworthy in the condensations of the 2-acetate and 2-benzoate derivatives of 3,5-di-O-benzoyl- β-D-ribofuranosyl bromide with 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl–β-D-glucose, which yield exclusively disaccharides of the orthoester type.
Novel Anti-Nicotine Vaccine Using a Trimeric Coiled-Coil Hapten Carrier (2014)

Tobacco addiction represents one of the largest public health problems in the world and is the leading cause of cancer and heart disease, resulting in millions of deaths a year. Vaccines for smoking cessation have shown considerable promise in preclinical models, although functional antibody responses induced in humans are only modestly effective in preventing nicotine entry into the brain. The challenge in generating serum antibodies with a large nicotine binding capacity is made difficult by the fact that this drug is non-immunogenic and must be conjugated as a hapten to a protein carrier. To circumvent the limitations of traditional carriers like keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), we have synthesized a short trimeric coiled-coil peptide (TCC) that creates a series of B and T cell epitopes with uniform stoichiometry and high density. Here we compared the relative activities of a TCC-nic vaccine and two control KLH-nic vaccines using Alum as an adjuvant or GLA-SE, which contains a synthetic TLR4 agonist formulated in a stable oil-in-water emulsion. The results showed that the TCC's high hapten density correlated with a better immune response in mice as measured by anti-nicotine Ab titer, affinity, and specificity, and was responsible for a reduction in anti-carrier immunogenicity. The Ab responses achieved with this synthetic vaccine resulted in a nicotine binding capacity in serum that could prevent >90% of a nicotine dose equivalent to three smoked cigarettes (0.05 mg/kg) from reaching the brain.
2022-RA-941-ESGO CEBOC, a single-arm phase II trial to evaluate the safety of cediranib in the prevention of bowel perforation in platinum resistant ovarian cancer (2022)

<h3>Introduction/Background</h3> Systemic treatment of platinum-resistant advanced ovarian cancers (PROC) utilises cytotoxic chemotherapy and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors. However, patients at risk for malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) are excluded from this efficacious combination due to risk of bowel perforation. <h3>Methodology</h3> We conducted a Simon’s two-stage trial combining oral VEGFR inhibitor cediranib (20 mg/day) with weekly paclitaxel (70 mg/m<sup>2</sup>), in participants with recurrent PROC and clinical and/or radiological features indicating an increased risk of developing MBO. Primary endpoint was number of patients free of grade 3–5 gastrointestinal perforation (GIP) or fistula, from those who received ≥5 days and ≤18 weeks cediranib, causally related to cediranib. With 90% power and 5% significance, 24 evaluable patients were required, with 22 free of GIP or fistula to demonstrate safety. Cediranib could start with chemotherapy, or at cycle 2 or 3, once bowel symptoms were CTCAE grade ≤2. Previous bevacizumab exposure and prior MBO were permitted. Patients were continued on cediranib maintenance after paclitaxel completion, and optionally proceeded to cediranib plus olaparib (300 mg bd) at disease progression. <h3>Results</h3> 30 participants were enrolled from March 2018 to February 2021. 90% ECOG 0–1, 97% had symptoms showing risk of bowel obstruction. 1 patient died before any treatment. 12 received paclitaxel only (bowel symptoms didn’t improve or deterioration) and subsequently progressed. 17 patients were evaluable for primary endpoint; none developed GIP or fistula. Three cediranib+paclitaxel participants developed bowel obstruction (any grade; including one receiving cediranib+olaparib). Three participants had grade 3+ SAEs causally related to cediranib+/-olaparib (one diarrhoea; one diarrhoea and TIA; one vomiting). Median progression-free survival was 5.4 months (95%CI: 4.18–8.25), and overall survival 15.2 months (95%CI: 8.52–20.5). <h3>Conclusion</h3> There is no evidence that combining cediranib and taxane chemotherapy is associated with serious toxicity or of developing GIP/fistula, although this is underpowered due to participant withdrawal.
Comparative immunotoxicology of ultraviolet B exposure I. Effects ofin vitroandin situultraviolet B exposure on the functional activity and morphology of Langerhans cells in the skin of different species (1998)

Ultraviolet (UV) B-induced morphological and functional changes in the skin of mice, rats and humans were investigated. Changes in the morphological structure of Langerhans cells (LC), the major antigen-presenting cells in the skin, using confocal laser scanning microscopy, were found in mouse and rat skin after in situ exposure to high doses of UVB radiation (FS40) (3-9 kJ/m2). Similar UVB doses failed to induce alterations in the morphological structure of human LC. Alterations in the function of epidermal cells (especially LC) were studied, using the mixed skin lymphocyte response (MSLR). In vitro UVB exposure of epidermal cells (EC), derived from the skin of the different species, revealed that low doses of UVB radiation impaired the stimulatory capacity of these cells dose-dependently; mouse epidermal cells were most UVB-susceptible, while human cells were least UVB susceptible. For suppression of the stimulatory capacity of EC after in situ UVB exposure of skin tissue, higher doses of UVB radiation than the in vitro UVB exposure were needed in all species tested. Also in this in situ set-up mouse epidermal cells were most UVB-susceptible, and human epidermal cells were least UVB-susceptible. The magnitude of differences in susceptibility for UVB-induced changes in the stimulatory capacity of EC after in situ and after in vitro exposure experiments was similar. Firstly, it may be concluded that UVB impairs the functional activity of LC at a lower dose than that which alters the morphology of these cells. Secondly, it is clear that epidermal cells, especially LC, from the skin of rodents are more susceptible to UVB than epidermal cells derived from human skin. It is important to account for these differences in susceptibility when data on the effects of UVB radiation on the immune system in rodents are extrapolated to humans.
HPLC of grain sorghum wax classes highlighting separation of aldehydes from wax esters and steryl esters (2002)

This study was performed to develop HPLC methods for determining the composition of grain sorghum wax using a silica column and an ELSD. The method development emphasized separation of aldehydes from wax esters (WE) and steryl esters (SE). Gradient mobile systems using 0.2% (v/v) acetic acid and 0.02% (v/v) methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in hexane and 0.2% (v/v) acetic acid in MTBE or hexane and 0.2% (v/v) acetic acid in MTBE separated aldehydes, acids, and alcohols, as well as minor components such as mixtures of WE and SE, and triacylglycerols (TG). Grain sorghum wax was composed of 46.3% (w/w) fatty aldehydes, 7.5% fatty acids, 41.0% fatty alcohols, 0.7% hydrocarbons, 1.4% WE and SE, and 0.9% TG, based on HPLC data. The gradient HPLC systems were also useful for compositional analysis of carnauba wax. Carnauba wax contained of 34.3% (w/w) WE, 5.1% fatty acids, undetermined amount of fatty alcohols, and 3.0% TG.
Supplemental Information for the New Definition of the EF PHB (Expedited Forwarding Per-Hop Behavior) (2002)

This document was written during the process of clarification of RFC2598 "An Expedited Forwarding PHB" that led to the publication of revised specification of EF "An Expedited Forwarding PHB". Its primary motivation is providing additional explanation to the revised EF definition and its properties. The document also provides additional implementation examples and gives some guidance for computation of the numerical parameters of the new definition for several well known schedulers and router architectures.
An efficient classifier based on hierarchical mixing linear support vector machines (2015)

Support vector machines (SVMs) play a very dominant role in data classification due to their good generalization performance. However, they suffer from the high computational complexity in the classification phase when there are a considerable number of support vectors (SVs). Then it is desirable to design efficient algorithms in the classification phase to deal with the datasets of real-time pattern recognition systems. To this end, we propose a novel classifier called HMLSVMs (Hierarchical Mixing Linear Support Vector Machines) in this paper, which has a hierarchical structure with a mixing linear SVMs classifier at each node and predicts the label of a sample using only a few hyperplanes. We also give a generalization error bound for the class of locally linear SVMs (LLSVMs) based on the Rademacher theory, which ensures that overfitting can be effectively avoided. Experimental evaluations shows, while maintaining a comparable classification performance to kernel SVMs (KSVMs), the proposed classifier achieves the high efficiency in the classification stage.
Matthew Arnold and the Modern Dilemma (1951)

Matthew Arnold and the Modern Dilemma Get access JOHN HOLLOWAY JOHN HOLLOWAY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Essays in Criticism, Volume I, Issue 1, January 1951, Pages 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1093/eic/I.1.1 Published: 01 January 1951
Inhibition of Immunological Enhancement by Endotoxin in Refractory Rabbits. Immunochemical Study. (1956)

1. Using an immunochemical system, inhibition of the adjuvant effect of endotoxin by development of refractoriness to the “toxic” properties of endotoxin is demonstrated. 2. The basis for enhancement of immune body formation by endotoxin is discussed.
Spiking Neural Network for Asset Allocation Implemented Using the TrueNorth System (2019)

Asset allocation is a compute intensive combinatorial optimization problem commonly tasked to autonomous decision making systems. However, cognitive agents interact in real time with their environment and are generally heavily power constrained. Thus, there is strong need for a real time asset allocation agent running on a low power computing platform to ensure efficiency and portability. As an alternative to traditional techniques, work presented in this paper describes how spiking neuron algorithms can be used to carry out asset allocation. We show that a significant reduction in computation time can be gained if the user is willing to accept a near optimal solution using our spiking neuron approach. As of late, specialized neuromorphic spiking processors have demonstrated a dramatic reduction in power consumption relative to traditional processing techniques for certain applications. Improved efficiencies are primarily due to unique algorithmic processing that produces a reduction in data movement and an increase in parallel computation. In this work, we use the TrueNorth spiking neural network processor to implement our asset allocation algorithm. With an operating power of approximately 50 mW, we show the feasibility of performing portable low-power task allocation on a spiking neuromorphic processor.
Three‐dimensional ultrasound in monitoring progression of labor: a reproducibility study (2010)

Measurements obtained from stored ultrasound volumes to assess fetal head progression in the second stage of labor have good reproducibility, with progression distance and progression angle being the most reproducible parameters.
Impact of Lotronex® (Alosetron HCL) on workplace productivity and activity time in females with non-constipated irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (2000)

Impact of Lotronex® (Alosetron HCL) on workplace productivity and activity time in females with non-constipated irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Applications Reviews (1985)

“Applications Reviews” is a guide to accomplished or partial MS/OR applications, cited in articles appeared in many of the major journals of the field. We cover only applications — except for the occasional brief mention of a survey article or special issue — and so do not claim to cover all the best articles in MS/OR. The abstracts are purposely kept short to emphasize breadth of coverage over depth; we try to tell you what modeling approach has been applied to what problem, and if possible the size and character of the improvements achieved as a result.
Identification of Microstructures in 3-D–Printed Ti-6Al-4V Using Acoustic Emission Cepstrum (2020)

Abstract Recent advances in smart hybrid machine tools allow the manufacturing of components with materials discovered on demand from certain common material precursors. Imperative to on-demand material discovery is the ability to probe and characterize the microstructure and salient properties of the materials as they are created. The article focuses on harnessing the complex spectral characteristics of high-resolution acoustic emission (AE) sensor signal generated during a nanoindentation-based scanning probe lithography process to classify the different surface microstructure types of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V components. We demonstrate that the low-frequency mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) provide highly informative signatures of the AE processes to make inferences about the microstructures. We also show that unlike the well-known time-frequency features of AE, including those gathered via spectrograms, the MFCC compactly capture the variation of the energies of different frequency bands and enable classification of different microstructure types with as simple classifier as logistic regression. Via extensive nanoindentation experiments and analysis of the AE signals, we identify the specific MFCCs that are most important for discriminating between two different microstructure types of Ti-6Al-4V with accuracies estimated via extensive cross-validation close to 100 %. The proposed approach of using MFCCs offers a fast and efficient way of identifying different microstructure types of a given material system compared with conventional approaches, such as X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.
Local delivery of chlorhexidine gluconate in patients with aggressive periodontitis. (2008)

The aim of this randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a biodegradable chlorhexidine chip as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing. Eleven consecutive patients with aggressive periodontitis were recruited for this study. Each volunteer provided four sites with probing depth > or = 5 mm. Two sites received scaling and root planing (SRP) and placement of the chlorhexidine chip (PC), and the other two sites received scaling and root planing only. The clinical outcomes were measured at baseline, 6 weeks and 3 months after treatment. All patients completed the trial. None of the volunteers reported any adverse effect. Both groups showed a significant reduction in periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and gain in clinical attachment level (CAL) after treatment. However, there were no significant differences in the clinical parameters between the groups after 6 weeks and after 3 months. Sites presenting probing depths > or = 8 mm at baseline treated with SRP + PC demonstrated greater reduction in PPD and a greater CAL gain than sites treated with SRP alone after 6 weeks and after 3 months. The authors concluded that the adjunctive use of the biodegradable chlorhexidine chip resulted in greater reduction of PPD and additional gain in CAL in deep pockets (PPD > or = 8 mm) in patients with aggressive periodontitis when compared to scaling and root.
Solid freeform fabrication of powders using laser processing (1997)

The accurate temperature measurement of high-power laser diode arrays is a considerable challenge due to their large temperature gradient and package structure. In this study, experiments based on the forward voltage method were set up to measure the transient temperature behavior of chips after the removal of heating load. A hybrid experimental/numerical method was developed to calculate multiple unknown interface thermal resistances and improve the prediction of the temperature distribution of high-power laser diode arrays by analyzing the transient temperature behavior of chips. The largest deviation between numerical and experimental results is 1.3 K. Based on the numerical results, thermal resistances for different layers and temperature distribution inside the chip were obtained and evaluated. Some suggestions for improving the thermal design of high-power laser diode arrays were derived.
Pour une archéologie de l’injonction : leitmotivs dans la presse autour des projets numériques patrimoniaux (2020)

International audience
Synthesis and Biological Activity of some New 2-(Heteroaryl)vinylsulphonyl Derivatives (1985)

Chemistry Division, IDPL Research Centre, Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Limited, Hyderabad-500 037 <em>Manuscript received 26 December 1984, accepted 31 July 1985</em> Several new 2-[(5 nitro-t-methyl-2-imldazolyl-, 5-nltro-2-furyl·, and 5-nitro-2- thienyl)vinyl)-<em>N</em>-arylsulpbonamides and sulphonyl heterocycles (1 and 2) have been prepared and screened for their \(in\) \(vitro\) antibacterial, antifungal, antiamoeblc, antitrlchomonal and \(in\) \(vivo\) anthelmintic activities, against a variety of microorganisms. Some of the compounds possess promising antibacterial, antiamoebic and antitrichomonal \(in\) \(vitro\) activities.
Static Stability and Combustion Characteristics of Oxy-Propane Flames in a Premixed Fuel-Flexible Swirl Combustor (2019)

This study investigates the stability and combustion features of premixed oxy-propane flames in a dry low emission (DLE) model combustor for clean fuel/oxidizer-flexible combustion applications in gas turbines. The stability of the oxy-propane flame is characterized by its blowout and flashback limits over ranges of equivalence ratios (ϕ) from 0.1 to 1.0 and oxygen fractions (OF: volumetric concentration of O2 in the O2/CO2 oxidizer) from 15 to 70%. For better understanding of the physics behind the flame extinction mechanisms, the stability limits were plotted within the ϕ–OF space against the contours of adiabatic flame temperature (Tad), inlet Reynolds number (Re), mixture mass flow rate (ṁmix), and combustor power density (PD). The flame speed (FS) was also estimated at selected operating conditions. It was observed that the FS is contingent to Tad only. A correlation of Tad–FS was developed for better characterization of premixed oxy-propane flames. It was also found that the blowout curve follows a constant Tad contour on the stability map, whereas the flashback curve does not. This implies that Tad is a more relevant controlling parameter choice of combustor stability near the blowout limit, whereas the reaction rate is a suitable indicator of the flame stability limit near flashback. The stability map of the present oxy-propane flame was compared with that of an oxy-methane flame on the same combustor. It was found that, at the same OF, the blowout and flashback limits of the propane flame occur at leaner ϕ, compared to those of methane flame, which was expected for a higher hydrocarbon fuel like propane. Flame shapes at different sets of operating conditions were investigated for inferring key information on the flame behavior and macrostructure while varying ϕ, OF, and hence, Tad. Similar flame shapes were obtained at the same Tad regardless of ϕ and OF values. Flames of similar Tad also demonstrated similar temperature distributions near the flame core. The findings confirm the dependence of the FS on Tad, irrespective of the combinations of ϕ and OF used to achieve any particular Tad.