gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tracking the CD4+ T cell response to BCR-ABL-induced leukemia (P4330) (2013)

Abstract Patients with BCR-ABL+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia develop T cell responses to the BCR-ABL fusion peptide (referred to as BAp). However, these responses are not sustained and loss of the BAp-specific T cell response correlates with relapse. A major gap in our knowledge is why such epitopes do not elicit immune responses that eliminate BCR-ABL+ leukemia. This knowledge gap exists because of an inability to track the fates of endogenous BAp:I-Ab-specific T cells in vivo. To address this question we plan to generate peptide:MHCII tetramers that will allow us to track BAp:I-Ab-specific T cell responses. We have demonstrated that CD4+ T cells exist that recognize the BCR-ABL fusion junction in a mouse model of BCR-ABL+ leukemia. We are generating BAp:I-Ab tetramers that will allow us to track these cells in vivo. Using this reagent we will determine whether T cell responses are impaired due to deletion, immune deviation, Treg-mediated suppression or anergy. We will then assess whether enhancing antigen presentation or inhibiting anergy improves BAp:I-Ab-specific T cell responses. In addition, we will determine if altering the cytokine mileu can improve the CD4+ T cell response to BCR-ABL+ leukemia using both knock-out mouse mice and in vivo delivery of exogenous cytokines.
A Biomimetic Process for Enzyme Immobilization within Polycation-Templated Silica (2008)

A simple and scalable procedure for enzyme entrapment, termed silica co-precipitation, has been developed. The process was initially inspired by the ability of diatoms and other marine organisms to rapidly mineralize silica through the action of polycationic peptides termed silaffins. A mixture of an enzyme and a polycationic polymer such as polyethylenimine (PEI) is added to a phosphate-buffered silicate solution (PBSi) and results in the rapid formation of a colloidal co-precipitate consisting of the enzyme, the polycation within a hydrated, amorphous silica matrix. The process has been applied to a series of enzymes and the properties of the resulting composites characterized.
A new method for obtaining side information in frequency-hop spread-spectrum systems (2002)

Information about the reliabilities of the received symbols is very beneficial in slow-frequency-hop communication systems. This information, referred to as side information, can be used to erase unreliable symbols at the input to an errors-and-erasures decoder. It is common that special redundant symbols, referred to as side information symbols, are included in each dwell interval of the frequency-hop transmission, and the demodulation of those symbols provides the side information. The corresponding decrease in the number of message symbols that can be sent in each dwell interval makes it desirable to develop alternative methods that do not require side information symbols. In this paper, one such alternative is proposed and evaluated for channels with catastrophic partial-band interference. It is shown that staggered interleaving of the code words and iterative errors-and-erasures decoding facilitates the erasure of unreliable symbols without the need for side information symbols. The performance of this method is compared with the performance of errors-only decoding and the performance of errors-and-erasures decoding with standard block interleaving and side information obtained from test symbols.
Murine Models of Life Span Extension (2004)

Mice are excellent experimental models for genetic research and are being used to investigate the genetic component of organismal aging. Several mutant mice are known to possess defects in the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 (GH/IGF-1) neurohormonal pathway and exhibit dwarfism together with extended life span. Their phenotypes resemble those of mice subjected to caloric restriction. Targeted mutations that affect components of this pathway, including the GH receptor, p66Shc, and the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), also extend life span; mutations that affect IGF-1R or downstream components of the pathway decouple longevity effects from dwarfism. These effects on life span may result from an increased capacity to resist oxidative damage.
MMIC Amplifiers for 90 to 130 GHz (2007)

This brief describes two monolithic microwave integrated-circuit (MMIC) amplifier chips optimized to function in the frequency range of 90 to 130 GHz, covering nearly all of F-band (90 - 140 GHz). These amplifiers were designed specifically for local-oscillator units in astronomical radio telescopes such as the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). They could also be readily adapted for use in electronic test equipment, automotive radar systems, and communications systems that operate between 90 and 130 GHz.
Comparison of Skeleton and Non-Skeleton Shape Descriptors for 3D Video (2010)

This paper presents a performance evaluation of shape similarity metrics for 3D video sequences of people with unknown temporal correspondence. Previous evaluation focuses on non-skeletal similarity metrics. Since the human motion is essentially an articulated motion, it is also interesting to investigate skeletal-based similarity metrics. In this paper, we extend previous evaluation of non-skeletal similarity metrics to skeletal-based similarity metrics. A quantitative evaluation based on the Receiver-Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve for the descriptors using a ground-truth dataset for synthetic motion sequences is presented. Reeb Graph, Multi-Dimensional Scaling and Shape Histograms are compared with and without a temporal filter. Reeb Graph and Shape Histograms achieve comparable ROC performance, both outperform MDS in the task of finding similar poses of the same person in 3D video. Finally, temporal Reeb Graph and Shape Histograms are applied to a public database of 3D video of people to identify optimal transitions and synthesise 3D character animation. Results demonstrate the accurate matching of surface shape and motion.
Fundamentals of Functional Neuroimaging (2016)

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Preparation of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid methyl ester by ozonolysis of vegetable oils and its polycondensation (2008)

Vegetable oil-based and potentially biodegradable polyesters were prepared from 9-hydroxynonanoic acid methyl ester. This paper describes ozonolysis of vegetable oils and the method for preparation of useful monomers and in particular 9-hydroxynonanoic acid methyl ester. Ozonolysis of soybean oil and castor oil in methanol and methylene chloride solution, followed by reduction with sodium borohydride was used to obtain a mixture of triols, diols and monols. Triglyceride triols were separated from the rest of the mixture and transesterified with methanol to obtain methyl esters of fatty acids and glycerin. The main component of fatty acids was 9-hydroxynonanoic acid methyl ester, which was characterized and used for polycondensation by transesterification. High molecular weight polyhydroxy alcanoate was a solid having a melting point of 75?C. The molecular weight of the resulting polyester was affected by the purity of the monomer and side reactions such as cyclization. The polymer was characterized by chromatographic, thermal and analytical methods.
The benefit of mass eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: a community-based study of gastric cancer prevention (2012)

Population-based eradication of H pylori infection has led to a significant reduction in gastric atrophy at the expense of increased oesophagitis. The ultimate benefit in reducing gastric cancer incidence and its mortality should be validated by a further long-term follow-up.
Unsupervised spoken keyword spotting via segmental DTW on Gaussian posteriorgrams (2009)

In this paper, we present an unsupervised learning framework to address the problem of detecting spoken keywords. Without any transcription information, a Gaussian Mixture Model is trained to label speech frames with a Gaussian posteriorgram. Given one or more spoken examples of a keyword, we use segmental dynamic time warping to compare the Gaussian posteriorgrams between keyword samples and test utterances. The keyword detection result is then obtained by ranking the distortion scores of all the test utterances. We examine the TIMIT corpus as a development set to tune the parameters in our system, and the MIT Lecture corpus for more substantial evaluation. The results demonstrate the viability and effectiveness of our unsupervised learning framework on the keyword spotting task.
Interaction of ABA Block Copolymers with Ionic Surfactants: Influence on Micellization and Gelation (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleInteraction of ABA Block Copolymers with Ionic Surfactants: Influence on Micellization and GelationE. Hecht, K. Mortensen, M. Gradzielski, and H. HoffmannCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 13, 4866–4874Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100013a068https://doi.org/10.1021/j100013a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views889Altmetric-Citations188LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Gray Codes and Paths on the n-Cube (1958)

Certain problems in coding and in switching theory require a list of distinct binary n-tuples such that each differs from the one preceding it in just one coordinate. Geometrically, such a list corresponds to a path which follows edges of an n-dimensional cube. This paper finds all types of closed paths on cubes with n ≦ 4. For larger n, a process given here will produce large numbers of paths.
Growth Hormone Promotes the Association of Transcription Factor STAT5 with the Growth Hormone Receptor (1996)

Members of the cytokine/growth hormone (GH)/prolactin receptor superfamily transduce signals by association and activation of JAK tyrosine kinases. For GH receptor (GHR), both JAK2 and the GHR undergo tyrosine phosphorylation upon GH stimulation. Also, GH has recently been shown to activate the transcription factor STAT5 by tyrosine phosphorylation. In the present study, we demonstrate that GH induces rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of different isoforms of STAT5 in mouse L cells stably transfected with a cDNA encoding porcine GHR (pGHR). In this cell system, STAT5 directly interacts with the GHR in a GH-dependent manner. Additionally, GH-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5 and the interaction of STAT5 with GHR can be observed in mouse 3T3-F442A cells which express endogenous mouse GHR. Interestingly, when cDNAs encoding the two mouse STAT5 homologs (STAT5A and STAT5B) were individually transfected into mouse L cells expressing pGHR, only STAT5A demonstrated the ability to interact with the pGHR and subsequently underwent GH-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation. STAT5B did not. Therefore, the GH-dependent interaction of a particular STAT5 with tyrosine-phosphorylated GHR may play an important role in GH-mediated signal transduction. Members of the cytokine/growth hormone (GH)/prolactin receptor superfamily transduce signals by association and activation of JAK tyrosine kinases. For GH receptor (GHR), both JAK2 and the GHR undergo tyrosine phosphorylation upon GH stimulation. Also, GH has recently been shown to activate the transcription factor STAT5 by tyrosine phosphorylation. In the present study, we demonstrate that GH induces rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of different isoforms of STAT5 in mouse L cells stably transfected with a cDNA encoding porcine GHR (pGHR). In this cell system, STAT5 directly interacts with the GHR in a GH-dependent manner. Additionally, GH-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5 and the interaction of STAT5 with GHR can be observed in mouse 3T3-F442A cells which express endogenous mouse GHR. Interestingly, when cDNAs encoding the two mouse STAT5 homologs (STAT5A and STAT5B) were individually transfected into mouse L cells expressing pGHR, only STAT5A demonstrated the ability to interact with the pGHR and subsequently underwent GH-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation. STAT5B did not. Therefore, the GH-dependent interaction of a particular STAT5 with tyrosine-phosphorylated GHR may play an important role in GH-mediated signal transduction.
Intermetallic Charge Transfer in V-Substituted PbCrO3 (2021)

PbCrO<sub>3</sub> features an unusual charge distribution Pb<sub>0.5</sub><sup>2+</sup>Pb<sub>0.5</sub><sup>4+</sup>Cr<sup>3+</sup>O<sub>3</sub> with Pb charge disproportionation at ambient pressure. A charge transfer between Pb and Cr is induced by the application of pressure resulting in Pb<sup>2+</sup>Cr<sup>4+</sup>O<sub>3</sub> charge distribution and a large volume collapse. Here, structural and charge distribution changes in PbCr<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>V<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub> are investigated. Despite a cubic crystal structure in 0 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 0.60, discontinuous reduction in the unit cell volume was observed between <i>x</i> = 0.35 and 0.40. Hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy confirmed the change in Pb charge state from the coexisting Pb<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>4+</sup> at <i>x</i> = 0.35 to single Pb<sup>2+</sup> at <i>x</i> = 0.40. This indicates that V substitution stabilizes the high pressure cubic Pb<sup>2+</sup>Cr<sup>4+</sup>O<sub>3</sub>-type phase. With further increase in the V substitution, the PbVO<sub>3</sub>-type polar tetragonal phase appeared at <i>x</i> = 0.80.
Perception of plane orientation from self-generated and passively observed optic flow (2003)

We investigated the perception of three-dimensional plane orientation--focusing on the perception of tilt--from optic flow generated by the observer's active movement around a simulated stationary object, and compared the performance to that of an immobile observer receiving a replay of the same optic flow. We found that perception of plane orientation is more precise in the active than in the immobile case. In particular, in the case of the immobile observer, the presence of shear in optic flow drastically diminishes the precision of tilt perception, whereas in the active observer, this decrease in performance is greatly reduced. The difference between active and immobile observers appears to be due to random rather than systematic errors. Furthermore, perceived slant is better correlated with simulated slant in the active observer. We conclude with a discussion of various theoretical explanations for our results.
[Treatment strategy of malignant bone tumors of the spine]. (1987)

In patients with big, tumorous changes in the vertebral bodies, conservative measures like radiotherapy, medical therapy, and external support measures are often no longer applicable. As a result of the instability of the spinal column, most of the patients are bedridden and in great pain. Signs of root compression occur frequently, as do incipient or incomplete transverse lesions. On the one hand, these signs result from tumor growth and on the other from collapse of the vertebral bodies with kyphosis and fragment dislocation in the spinal canal. In these patients the procedure of choice is "ventral" tumor removal, decompression of the spinal cord and roots, followed by stabilization. By the "dorsal" operative method, it is not possible to overcome the major cause of the instability and pain. On the basis of the results obtained in 100 "ventral" resections of the vertebral bodies, the treatment strategy is presented, ranging from the preliminary examination to the postoperative period.
Grape intake exerts diverse tissue pharmacogenomic effects in model of metabolic syndrome (2013)

The metabolic syndrome (MSn) predisposes one to Type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and inflammation and oxidative stress participate in MSn‐related organ pathophysiology. Intake of fruits/vegetables modifies risk of MSn, and phytochemicals and their pharmacodynamic effects may be vital to these observed health effects. Grapes are a rich, whole‐food source of phytochemicals. In the obesity‐prone Zucker Fatty rat, we tested the effect of an American‐style diet with added whole table grape powder (3% w:w). Rats were fed for 90 days. Compared to a macronutrient and calorie‐matched control group, grape intake significantly reduced serum C‐reactive protein, TNF‐α, and IL‐6. Grape also reduced liver, kidney, and abdominal fat weight amongst several other phenotypes. Pharmacodynamic effect was measured by changes in NF‐κB‐related and antioxidant‐related mRNA/proteins in the heart, abdominal fat, skeletal muscle, liver, brain, renal cortex, and renal medulla. NF‐κB‐related mRNA/proteins appear most significantly reduced in liver and abdominal fat. Antioxidant defense mRNA/proteins were most significantly increased in liver and renal cortex. Grape pharmacogenomic effects may be critical because these tissues/organs participate in MSn phenotypes like fatty liver, hypertension, and central adiposity. Supported by California Table Grape Commission, F31HL087720, and R21AT004588.
Dilemmas of development: conflicts of interest and their resolutions in modernizing Africa (2008)

&lt;p&gt;\n\tThis book presents new empirically based and theoretically informed studies on the contemporary social and economic dynamics of Africa, dealing with developments in the arenas of politics, economics and cultural struggle. These domains are closely interlinked. In their widest definition, culture and politics intermingle and recombine in surprising and sometimes disturbing ways. They always have a definite economic logic as well, informing value commitments and behaviour in the broader sense. Politics and economic life in Africa have, perhaps more visibly than elsewhere, influential and cultural aspects and referents, such as religion and ethnicity, which often play a constitutive role. 'Culture' and its symbolism are used instrumentally in the political, economic and social struggles in today's Africa, marked by a preoccupation with 'development'. The studies in this book underline the interplay of new hegemomic struggles of a material but also ideological nature.&lt;/p&gt;\n
Postural load and the development of musculo-skeletal illness. (1987)

Early in the 1970s, high rates of sick-leave due to musculo-skeletal complaints were frequently recorded among workers at Standard Telefon and Kabelfabrik's (STK's) factory in Norway. Workstations were redesigned according to ergonomics principles that allowed workers a wider choice of working postures and following their introduction in 1975, there was a marked reduction in sickness absence. Postural load was studied in groups of female workers in well defined assembly tasks. Trapezius load was recorded by electromyography (EMG). Simultaneously, postural angles of the upper arm in the shoulder joint and flexion/extension of head/neck and back were measured by using pendulum potentiometers. A quantitative relationship was found for the group between its median value of static trapezius load and the development of musculo-skeletal sick-leave, as a function of length of employment. Further support for a relationship between musculo-skeletal injury and trapezius load was found for the same subjects who suffered less musculo-skeletal sick-leave, consistent with the reduced trapezius load when working at the redesigned work stands. The relationship between postural load and musculo-skeletal injury was studied in comparable groups of the female workers with respect to age, working hours per day and time of employment. Psychosocial problems, spare time activities and living habits of workers did not show any significant difference across the groups. Postural load, both in terms of the magnitude of the flexion angle of the upper arm in the shoulder joint and the distribution of the work load between flexors and extensors, appeared to influence the incidence of load-related musculo-skeletal illness in the upper part of the body. The incidence of musculo-skeletal sick-leave in a group of workers with a median static trapezius load of about 1 to 2% MVC (Maximum Voluntary Contraction) for most of the work day, was approximately the same as for a group of comparable female workers without continuous work load. This suggests that a static trapezius load level of about 1% MVC is acceptable for the major part of the work day if adequate breaks in the load pattern are allowed when needed. At the same time, a median arm flexion of 15 degrees and a median arm abduction less than 10 degrees indicate the amplitude of these angles for 50% of the recording time. No details about the work-pause pattern was obtained, therefore these limits are only a rough indication of an acceptable arm position.
p75 neurotrophin receptor as a modulator of survival and death decisions (1999)

The p75 receptor is the founding member of the TNF receptor superfamily. Members in this receptor family share a common cysteine motif repeated two to six times that serves as the ligand binding domain. In addition, several members contain a cytoplasmic region designated the death domain. The neurotrophins NGF, BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4 each bind to the p75 receptor and also more selectively to members of the Trk family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Although the biological functions of p75 have been elusive, recent experimental evidence supports an involvement of this receptor in apoptosis. This presents a counter-intuitive function for neurotrophins, which are normally required for the survival of neurons during development. The life-and-death decisions by neurotrophins appear to be governed by the level of expression and signaling activities of the p75 and Trk tyrosine kinase receptors and their downstream effector molecules. The generation of the correct number of cells in the nervous system is a highly controlled and coordinated process that is the consequence of cell proliferation and cell death decisions. The appropriate number of neuronal and glial cells formed during development guarantees the establishment of proper innervation and functional synaptic connections. One common mechanism to account for the number of viable cells is the ability to form ligand-receptor complexes that promote cell survival under conditions of limiting concentrations of trophic factors. Another diametrically opposed mechanism is to produce ligand-receptor interactions that can activate programmed cell death directly.