gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Object serialization for marshaling data in a Java interface to MPI (2000)

Several Java bindings to Message Passing Interface (MPI) software have been developed recently. Message buffers have usually been restricted to arrays with elements of primitive type. We discuss adoption of the Java object serialization model for marshaling general communication data in MPI-like APIs. This approach is compared with a Java transcription of the standard MPI derived datatype mechanism. We describe an implementation of the mpiJava interface to MPI that incorporates automatic object serialization. Benchmark results confirm that current JDK implementations of serialization are not fast enough for high performance messaging applications. Means of solving this problem are discussed, and benchmarks for greatly improved schemes are presented. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complexity of Polysomal Polyadenylated RNAs in Vicia faba Meristematic Root Cells (1982)

As a first step in quantifying gene expression during differentiation of the Vicia faba root cells we have analysed the mRNA population from meristematic cells. Using cDNA X mRNA hybridizations we have shown that this population can be divided into three abundance classes (abundant, intermediate and rate) representing 37%, 34% and 29% of the mRNAs and containing 26, 610 and 11700 sequences respectively. The total base-sequence complexity of the mRNA population, as determined by cDNA X mRNA hybridization, was found to be 1.6 x 10(7) nucleotides. This estimate was confirmed by the determination of the amount of single-copy genomic DNA hybridizing to the mRNA. Expressed as the number of structural gene transcripts, this complexity corresponds to about 13000 mRNA sequences.
Limitations of diazoxide reversal of vasospasm. (1976)

Diazoxide failed to safely relieve cerebral vasospasm by intracisternal injections in dogs and by intracarotid injections in monkeys despite in vitro documentation of arterial relaxation with this agent. Administration of the drug frequently produced hypotension and, in the presence of vasospasm, was associated with a high mortality rate.
Extended Cost Analysis with Systems Engineering Considerations (2015)

No AccessTag des Systems EngineeringNov 2015Extended Cost Analysis with Systems Engineering ConsiderationsChristian Schmied, Georg Reinbold, Rachid Amekrane, Eduard Igenbergs, Markus Mörtl, Udo LindemannChristian Schmied, Georg Reinbold, Rachid Amekrane, Eduard Igenbergs, Markus Mörtl, Udo Lindemannhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446447288.023SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2015Pages: 227-236Print ISBN: 978-3-446-44729-5eISBN: 978-3-446-44728-8 Copyright & Permissions© 2016 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Characterization and Measurement of Multiscale Gas Transport in Shale-Core Samples (2015)

Summary This work introduces an experimental technique to probe simultaneously flow and diffusion of gas through shale. A core-scale pressure-pulse-decay experiment is used to study the upstream- and downstream-pressure responses of Eagle Ford and Haynesville shale samples. With the aid of numerical models, the pressure histories obtained from the experiments are matched and gas and rock properties are obtained. The experiments are conducted at varying pore pressure and net effective stress to understand the sensitivity of the rock porosity and permeability as well as the gas diffusivity. A dual-porosity model is constructed to examine gas transport through a system of micropores and microcracks. In this sense, the role of the two different-sized pore systems is deconvolved. In some cases, the micropore system carries roughly one-third of the gas flow. The porosity, permeability, and diffusivity obtained assign physical properties to the macroscales and microscales simultaneously. Results bridge the gap between these scales and improve our understanding of how to assign transport physics to the correct pore scale.
A Family of 2D-MXenes: Synthesis, Properties, and Gas Sensing Applications (2022)

Gas sensors, capable of detecting and monitoring trace amounts of gas molecules or volatile organic compounds (VOCs), are in great demand for numerous applications including diagnosing diseases through breath analysis, environmental and personal safety, food and agriculture, and other fields. The continuous emergence of new materials is one of the driving forces for the development of gas sensors. Recently, 2D materials have been gaining huge attention for gas sensing applications, owing to their superior electrical, optical, and mechanical characteristics. Especially for 2D MXenes, high specific area and their rich surface functionalities with tunable electronic structure make them compelling for sensing applications. This Review discusses the latest advancements in the 2D MXenes for gas sensing applications. It starts by briefly explaining the family of MXenes, their synthesis methods, and delamination procedures. Subsequently, it outlines the properties of MXenes. Then it describes the theoretical and experimental aspects of the MXenes-based gas sensors. Discussion is also extended to the relation between sensing performance and the structure, electronic properties, and surface chemistry. Moreover, it highlights the promising potential of these materials in the current gas sensing applications and finally it concludes with the limitations, challenges, and future prospects of 2D MXenes in gas sensing applications.
Interplanetary magnetic field connection to the L1 Lagrangian orbit during upstream energetic ion events (2000)

Energetic ions (&gt;15 keV) moving upstream from the Earth's bow shock frequently appear at the sunward Lagrangian point (L1) ∼1.5 × 10 6 km upstream from Earth. The most common orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) at L1 during these upstream events is near‐radial from the Sun (the nominal direction for connection to the magnetosphere). However, strong unidirectional beams of ions streaming away from Earth, consistent with good magnetic connection to the bow shock, are observed even when the IMF is transverse to the radial direction. This study includes for the first time observations of upstream events from as many as four upstream spacecraft. Included in this report are energetic ion and magnetic field measurements from (1) ACE/Electron, Proton, and Alpha Monitor (EPAM) and ACE/Magnetometer Instrument (MAG); (2) Wind/Three‐Dimensional Plasma Analyzer (3DP) and Wind/Magnetic Fields Investigation (MFI); (3) IMP 8/Energetic Particle Experiment (EPE) and IMP 8/MAG; and (4) Geotail/Energetic Particle and Ion Composition (EPIC) and Geotail/MAG. In addition, the ACE/Solar Wind Electron, Proton, and Alpha Monitor (SWEPAM) instrument identifies IMF connection between the L1 point and the Earth's bow shock by the presence of low‐energy (272‐372 eV) bidirectional electron flux. Instruments on the IMP 8 and Geotail spacecraft simultaneously measure the energetic ion intensity and IMF configuration close to the Earth's bow shock during times of particle enhancements observed at L1. Analysis of ACE, Wind, IMP 8, and Geotail observations from February through November 1998 shows that &gt;40% of upstream events are observed during times of nonradial (&gt;30° from the GSE X axis) IMF orientation. A second and independent study of ACE/EPAM observations of over 500 upstream energetic ion events from launch through November 1998 confirms this result. We find similar distributions of radial and nonradial IMF orientations both close to the bow shock and at L1. This implies that the IMF configurations during upstream events are large‐scale spatial structures with radii of curvature of the order of the Earth‐L1 distance, i.e., 0.01 AU. These spatial structures are being convected through the L1 point into the Earth's foreshock.
A kinetic Monte Carlo study of defect assisted transport in silicon heterojunction solar cells (2015)

Abstract The device performance of an amorphous silicon (a‐Si)/crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cell depends strongly on the interfacial transport properties of the device. The energy of the photogenerated carriers at the barrier strongly depends on the strength of the inversion at the heterointerface and their collection requires interaction with the defects present in the intrinsic amorphous silicon buffer layer. In this work we present a theoretical model to study the defect assisted transport of photogenerated carriers through the intrinsic amorphous silicon barrier. We implement the kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) method which allows us to simulate the interaction of discrete carriers with discrete defects. This method allows us to study defect transport which takes place on a time scale which is too long for traditional ensemble Monte Carlo's to analyze. We analyze the injection and extraction of carriers via defects by calculating transition rates, i.e. probability of transition to defect states within the intrinsic amorphous silicon barrier. The KMC results allow us to quantitatively study the properties of the heterointerface barrier in terms of how it affects transport. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
ChemInform Abstract: Gas Phase Thermal Cis‐Trans Isomerization Reaction of 1‐Bromopropene. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Developing a small photovoltaic power supply system with adaptive technologies for rural Africa: Design, cost and efficiency analyses (2018)

The objective of this study was to design a small-scale photovoltaic system to support electricity supply to a rural village in the Republic of Congo. A simple impedance-matching system and an innovative panel-tilting system were implemented as adaptive technologies to increase the power output of the system and reduce its capital and running costs. The experimentally obtained results showed that the daily energy output of a four-panel, 400 W photovoltaic system could be increased by 15% through a series parallel impedance match configuration, and by 36% from 3.3 kWh per day to approximately 4.5 kWh per day through implementing an automated panel tilting system with always normal incidence of solar irradiation on the panels in an equatorial environment. Implementing these technologies accordingly reduced the cost of energy supplied by the same percentages, with an eventual electricity cost of about ZAR 3.60 per kWhr, as calculated over an operation time of ten years, and an initial capital outlay of ZAR 37 per watt. These costs are much lower than for installing power grid lines to the village, and the technology also ensures complete autonomy of power supply to the community. The study also identified the potential to generate many new business and job opportunities locally in this community, as well as in the rest of Africa.
Cyclosporine (CSP) or CSP plus methylprednisolone for graft-versus-host-disease prophylaxis in patients with high-risk lymphohemopoietic malignancies: long-term follow-up of a randomized trial (2000)

Several randomized trials of graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) prophylaxis have included methylprednisolone (MP),[1-4][1] but in those studies MP was administered in both study arms in combination with other agents. A trial reported from this institution compared the effect of a combination of
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Addition of Alcohols to Ketenes Catalyzed by a Planar‐Chiral Azaferrocene: Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Arylpropionic Acids. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Crisis Checklists for the Operating Room: Development and Pilot Testing (2011)

Checklist use can improve safety and management in operating room crises. These findings warrant broader evaluation, including in clinical settings.
Nonlinear Fuzzy Control Based on The Vector Fields of The Phase Portrait Assignment Algorithm (1990)

A design technique and the stability analysis of fuzzy-logic controllers for a class of nonlinear systems are studied. A new algorithm called `the phase portrait assignment algorithm', is introduced in order to establish a control rulebase that stabilizes a nonlinear feedback system by using the vector fields in the state space. This technique can substitute for classical control methods when the latter suffer from uncertainties since it provides flexibility, robustness, and asymptotic stability. The methodology provides a bridge between qualitative reasoning and stability of nonlinear feedback control systems even if a priori information is relatively unreliable. The design procedure of the phase portrait assignment algorithm is followed by stability analysis for nonlinear fuzzy regulators. As an example, a one degree-of-freedom robot arm is used for demonstrating the performance and the merits of the proposed fuzzy control mechanism.
Deadlock-Free Broadcast Routing in Dragonfly Networks without Virtual Channels (2015)

A new deadlock-free unicast-based broadcast scheme is proposed based on a new routing scheme called minus-first routing. Minus-first routing is a partially adaptive routing scheme in dragonfly networks without any virtual channels. The main goals of the broadcast schemes are to minimize the total delivery time, and any router does not receive any message more than once. No channel competition is introduced. Two different broadcast schemes are proposed: (1) the group-first, and (2) the router-first. It is shown that unicast-based broadcast schemes are necessary to avoid deadlocks at the consumption channels. The group-first broadcast scheme delivers a message to all groups as early as possible; and the router-first scheme minimizes the number of unicast steps to traverse global links. To our knowledge, the method in this paper is the first collective communication work for dragonfly networks in the literature. Simulation results are presented to evaluate the proposed unicast-based broadcast schemes.
Inhibitor of nuclear factor ?B kinase ? is a key regulator of synovial inflammation (2001)

IKKbeta plays a key role in rodent synovial inflammation. Intraarticular gene therapy to inhibit IKKbeta activity represents an attractive strategy for the treatment of chronic arthritis.
Comparative Parallel Multi-Omics Analysis During the Induction of Pluripotent and Trophectoderm States (2020)

Following fertilization, totipotent cells divide to generate two compartments in the early embryo: the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE). It is only at the 32-64 -cell stage when a clear segregation between the two cell-types is observed, suggesting a ‘T’-shaped model of specification. Here, we examine whether the acquisition of these two states in vitro by nuclear reprogramming share similar dynamics/trajectories. We conducted a comparative parallel multi-omics analysis on cells undergoing reprogramming to Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and induced trophoblast stem cells (TSCs), and examined their transcriptome, methylome, chromatin accessibility and activity and genomic stability. Our analysis revealed that cells undergoing reprogramming to pluripotency and TSC state exhibit specific trajectories from the onset of the process, suggesting ‘V’-shaped model. Using these analyses, not only we could describe in detail the various trajectories toward the two states, we also identified previously unknown stage-specific reprogramming markers as well as markers for faithful reprogramming and reprogramming blockers. Finally, we show that while the acquisition of the TSC state involves the silencing of embryonic programs by DNA methylation, during the acquisition of pluripotency these specific regions are initially open but then retain inactive by the elimination of the histone mark, H3K27ac.
Single Molecule Views of the Ribosome Assembly (2012)

An RNA kissing-loop from the Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (MMLV) exhibits unusual mechanical stability despite having only two intermolecular base-pairs. Mutations at this junction have been shown to destabilize genome dimerization, with concomitant reductions in viral packaging efficiency and infectivity rates. Optical tweezers experiments have shown that it requires as much force to break the MMLV kissing-loop complex as is required to unfold an entire 11 base-pair RNA hairpin (Li PTX, Bustamante C, Tinoco I (2006) P.N.A.S. 103:15847). Using non-equilibrium all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we have developed a detailed model for the kinetic intermediates of the force-induced dissociation of the MMLV kissing-loop. 208 dissociation events were simulated under constant applied external force, for a total of ~16 ms simulation time. These events are combined to construct a Markov state model for kissing-loop dissociation, which is capable of predicting overall dissociation rates on timescales longer than were actually simulated. We find that the complex undergoes a conformational rearrangement which distributes the applied force in parallel among multiple intermolecular hydrogen-bonds, which is substantially more mechanically stable than the serial bond breaking observed in the force-unfolding of RNA hairpins. Stacking interactions with adjacent, unpaired adenine bases further stabilize the complex by increasing the repair rates for partially broken base-pairs. These stacking interactions are also prominently featured in the transition state, which requires additional coordinates orthogonal to the end-to-end extension to be uniquely identified. Our findings can be extended to explain the peculiar sequence-stability relationships of the 6 base-pair HIV-1 DIS kissing-loop.
Abstract 345: A Proteomic Study of Human and Mouse Plaques Supports Involvement of Proteolysis, Extracellular Matrix, and Cytoskeleton in Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture (2015)

Introduction: Atherosclerotic plaque rupture is the most common trigger of myocardial infarctions and strokes. The molecular mechanisms of plaque rupture are uncertain; accordingly, there are no specific interventions aimed at preventing plaque rupture. We used unbiased “shotgun” proteomics to identify proteins and pathways that are associated with human plaque rupture. We performed parallel proteomic analyses in a mouse model that develops plaque rupture. Methods: We used tandem mass spectrometry, performed on tissue extracts, to compare the proteomes of: 1) stable and unstable areas of human carotid plaques (n = 6); and 2) aortic arches of ApoE-null mice with (n = 6) or without (n = 6) macrophage-specific overexpression of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA). Protein abundance was compared using the PepC statistical program, with correction for multiple comparisons. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis were performed with DAVID. Results: Mass spectrometry detected a total of 1161 proteins in human plaque tissue. There were 150 proteins with increased abundance in the ruptured versus stable regions, including proteins involved in coagulation, inflammation, and proteolysis. 339 proteins were significantly decreased in ruptured areas, including smooth muscle-specific and extracellular matrix proteins. We identified 775 total proteins in the mouse aortas. 61 proteins with increased abundance in aortas of uPA-overexpressing mice included cytoskeletal proteins and proteases. 39 proteins with decreased abundance in aortas of uPA-overexpressing mice were predominantly extracellular matrix proteins. Gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed significant alterations in cytoskeletal proteins, extracellular matrix, and cell-adhesion in both human and mouse samples. Conclusion: We used shotgun proteomics to define alterations in proteomes of ruptured human plaques and of arterial tissue from a mouse model that develops plaque rupture. Specific proteolytic, cell-adhesion, and cytoskeletal organization networks are altered in unstable human plaques. The mouse model demonstrated remarkable similarity to these findings, supporting its use in investigating the molecular pathogenesis of plaque rupture.
A Comparison of Fuel Cell and Energy Storage Technologies' Potential to Reduce CO2 Emissions and Meet Renewable Generation Goals (2016)

California’s Climate Change Scoping Plan identifies fuel cell and energy storage technologies as potential strategies to support greenhouse gas emission reduction goals. It is important to understand the potential effectiveness of these technologies in meeting the State goals. To this end, scenarios were examined using the HiGRID model, comparing the deployment of 5 GW of fuel cells to pumped hydro, compressed air, and flow battery storage. Cases were run for the California electricity grid at 33% and 50% renewable energy, and each scenario was evaluated based on carbon reduction potential and cost per ton carbon dioxide equivalent reduced. Fuel cell scenarios showed greater emissions reductions compared to energy storage for all cases and lower cost per ton CO2 reduced for all cases, except for pumped hydro at 50% renewables. As renewable levels increase, so does the reliance on new peaker capacity, slightly undermining emission reduction gains from fuel cell deployment. Dynamic, energy storage technologies, on the other hand, minimize new peaker capacity at high renewable levels, alluding to a greater opportunity for utilizing energy storage in the long term. While the most cost-effective energy storage technology is pumped hydro, the feasibility of large-scale deployment of pumped hydro is unclear due to the current California drought and the on-going threat of climate change. Of the technologies studied, high-efficiency baseload fuel cells show the greatest potential to support CO 2 reduction goals in the near term, with the grid benefiting from more dynamic dispatch at higher renewable levels.
Can polymorphisms of AMH/AMHR2 affect ovarian stimulation outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis (2020)

Our analysis indicated that the polymorphisms of AMH/AMHR2 could influence the ovarian stimulation outcomes. Prospective studies with a larger sample size and more rigorous design are needed in the future to further confirm these findings.