gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protein C Inhibitor from Human Plasma: Characterization of Native and Cleaved Inhibitor and Demonstration of Inhibitor Complexes with Plasma Kallikrein (1989)

Protein C inhibitor (PCI) was purified from human plasma using immunoaffinity chromatography and heparin Sepharose chromatography, a method that allowed the purification of active and inactive inhibitor. PCI purified from outdated plasma was inactive and either in complex with plasma kallikrein or proteolytically degraded. Sequence analysis of cleaved PCI and of complexes between PCI and activated protein C or urokinase identified the previously recognized inhibitor cleavage site Arg354-Ser355. Two additional cleavage sites were observed in the modified inhibitor i.e. Arg357-Leu358 and Arg362-Leu363 which probably represent secondary cleavage of the inhibitor. Furthermore the sequence analysis of the inhibitor, whether purified from fresh or outdated plasma, revealed that it was microheterogeneous in the NH2-terminus as a result of cleavage by a trypsin like enzyme(s).
Uplink VoIP capacity of 3GPP LTE under power control and semi-persistent scheduling (2013)

LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) standardized as Release 10 by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is a packet-based 4G mobile radio system. Of specific interest is its capability to support a large number of voice calls through Voice over IP (VoIP) calls. Radio resource management for VoIP calls is challenging. Control channel limitations prevent the dynamic scheduling of every VoIP packet in each 1 ms subframe. Semi-persistent VoIP scheduling enables channel quality aware scheduling reducing load to control channels, substantially. We describe and evaluate by system level simulation a semipersistent VoIP schedulers for LTE. In addition, contributions to VoIP system capacity of power control, as applied in Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR), are evaluated. It turns out that system capacity is reduced if SFR is applied in the uplink. This unexpected result is found to be caused by performance degradation of the weakest users under SFR, limiting overall system capacity.
A theoretical study of the effect of pivot location on the aerodynamic-center movement of variable-sweep wings in incompressible flow (1968)

Theoretical study of effect of pivot location on aerodynamic balance movement of variable sweep wings in incompressible flow
Techno-economic Modelling of Large Scale Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems (2017)

Interest in integrating energy storage systems into the power grid has increased in Europe over the past decade due to strategies to overcome the intermittent nature of renewable electricity sources. One of these technologies is compressed air energy storage (CAES). The main purpose of this paper is to examine the technical and economic potential of CAES systems. In this work, two configurations a) Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage (A-CAES); and b) Conventional Compressed Air Energy Storage (C-CAES) were modelled using the ECLIPSE suite of process simulation software. The nominal compression and power generation of both systems were given at 100MWe and 140MWe respectively. For each mode of operation an energy analysis was carried out. Energy use was calculated and compared for each system mode. Based on the results of mass and energy balances, an economic evaluation of the systems was conducted. Technical results showed that the overall efficiency of the A-CAES system would be 64.7%, considerably better than that of the C-CAES system at 52.6%. However it could be seen in the economic analysis that the breakeven electricity selling price (BESP) of the A-CAES system was 152€/MWh, much higher than that of the C-CAES system at 95€/MWh on average.
153. Third Generation Antisense Targeted to Double Homeobox Protein 4 (DUX4) Reduced DUX4 Expression and Improved Differentiation of FSHD Myoblasts (2016)

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is caused by aberrant expression of double homeobox protein 4 (DUX4) gene at chromosome 4q35. To date there is no effective treatment for the disease. In the current study, we have evaluated selected Third Generation Antisense compounds (3GAs) targeted to DUX4 for their effectiveness in knocking-down DUX4 in FSHD myoblasts. In addition, we examined the effects of the treatments on myogenic differentiation of FSHD myoblasts. Multiple 3GA compounds (3GA1-5) showed significant knock-down of DUX4 in the FSHD myoblasts, as examined by quantitative RT-PCR. We evaluated two 3GA candidates (3GA3 and 3GA5) at 4 different concentrations, 2.5 nM, 5nM, 25nM, and 50nM, and observed dose-response effects. One of the 3GA compounds completely knocked-down DUX4 expression at 50nM. The effects of 3GAs at25nM on cell differentiation were determined by fusion index, myotube size and number of atrophic myotubes after 7 days of muscle differentiation in culture. Our results showed that the treatments increased fusion index and reduced the number of atrophic myotubes. The studies showed that 3GAs successfully knocked-down DUX4, which improved the myogenic capacity of FSHD myoblasts. The findings demonstrated that the 3GAs are promising therapeutic molecules to be further developed for FSHD treatment.
pCON4 and pCON5: improved plasmid vectors to study bacterial promoters (1988)

Plasmid vectors pCON5 and pCON4 were devised to perform, with a single construction, a number of assay to characterize promoters of Escherichia coli (and related species) which usually require different steps of subcloning, fragment purification and radioactive labeling. Any DNA fragment with promoter activity can be cloned in these plasmids to generate either a lacZ-gene fusion (in pCON5) or a lacZ-operon fusion (in pCON4). Random and defined mutations to alter the activity or the regulation of the fusion can be obtained by directed saturation mutagenesis of the cloned fragment or site-directed mutagenesis usign the single-strand form of the construction. Sequencing of the mutations and in vivo assessment of their effects are carried out without any subloning step. Additional analyses such as determination of the transcription start site(s) and in vitro ‘footprinting’ of DNA-binding proteins are also possible with the use of 5′-32P-labelled primers. As an example, up-mutations at the promoter region of an iucA′-′lacZ iron-regulated fusion were isolated and analyzed with this procedure.
The influence of charged lipids on the flocculation and coalescence of oil-in-water emulsions. I: Kinetic assessment of emulsion stability. (1990)

The influence of various negatively charged lipids on the stability of phospholipid stabilized oil-in-water emulsions in the presence of varying concentrations of calcium chloride was examined by a measurement of the changes in the turbidity of the emulsion over time. The data were described well by the following equation: (Ai - A) = (Ai - A0) exp(-kt) where Ai is the maximum spectrophotometric absorbance achieved in the system, A is the absorbance at time t, A0 is the absorbance at the start of the experiment and k is the flocculation or coalescence rate constant. Plots of k and Ai/A0 vs. concentration of Ca++ provided an indication of the rate and extent of emulsion flocculation/coalescence, respectively. The sodium salts of phosphatidic acid (SPA) and oleic acid (SO) increased the critical flocculation concentration of calcium while sodium phosphatidylinositol (SPI) and sodium phosphatidylserine (SPS) had no effect on the critical flocculation concentration compared to the control emulsion. The addition of all lipid salts increased the rate of flocculation compared to the control emulsion, however, emulsions containing SPI demonstrated the highest values of k. In contrast, emulsions containing SO coalesced to the largest extent, as indicated by large values of Ai/A0. Systems containing charged phosphatides regained some stability in higher concentrations of Ca++ while those containing oleate were comparatively more unstable up to 20 mM Ca++. Based upon the results of the present studies, it appears that phosphatidic acid is the most important fraction of the anionic phosphatides in stabilizing an emulsion in the presence of calcium ion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Spin photocurrents and the circular photon drag effect in (110)-grown quantum well structures (2007)

The study of spin photocurrents in (110)-grown quantum well structures is reported. The investigated effects comprise the circular photogalvanic effect and so far not observed circular photon drag effect. The experimental data can be described by an analytical expression derived from a phenomenological theory. A microscopic model of the circular photon drag effect is developed demonstrating that the generated current has a spin dependent origin.
Role of Endometrial Factors in Regulating Secretion of Components of the Immunoreactive Human Embryonic Interleukin-1 System during Embryonic Development1 (1996)

In the study reported here, we localized at the protein level the major components of the interleukin (IL)-1 system in the human embryo, and we investigated the endometrial factors influencing their secretion during embryonic development. To localize these components, we performed immunohistochemical experiments in 44 oocytes and 78 embryos. The following primary antibodies were used: monoclonal mouse anti-human IL-1 receptor type I (IL-1R tl), monoclonal mouse anti-human IL-1 beta, and polyclonal rabbit anti-human IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). For embryo culture, human embryos at different developmental stages were cultured in 100-microliters drops of Ham's F-10 medium + 4 mg/ml BSA (n = 33), in 100-microliters drops of Menezo B2 culture medium (n = 18), or in wells with 1 ml of Menezo B2 culture medium (n = 8). For embryo coculture, endometrial stromal cells (ESC) and endometrial epithelial cells (EEC) were isolated from human secretory endometrium and cultured until confluence in 75% Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium and 25% MCDB-105 containing antibiotics and supplemented with 10% charcoal-Dextran-treated fetal bovine serum. Individual human embryos were cocultured with experimental EEC and ESC (n = 23 and n = 4, respectively) for 5 days in 600-microliters drops of Menezo B2 medium, and conditioned medium was removed every 24 h. Human embryos were also cultured with EEC-conditioned medium (n = 9). IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-1ra levels were determined by ELISA in the 24-h culture- or coculture-conditioned media. Immunostaining confirmed the presence of IL-1 beta, IL-1ra, and IL-1R tl in oocytes and embryos in all stages analyzed, with no statistical differences. IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-1ra were absent in conditioned media of cultured embryos and embryos cocultured with ESC. However, when human embryos were cocultured with EEC or with EEC-conditioned medium alone, two different populations of embryos were observed: IL-1 producers (57% and 56%) and IL-1 nonproducers (43% and 44%, respectively). Finally, the IL-1 profile of a single human embryo cocultured with maternal EEC which successfully implanted and developed is presented, this pattern being similar to that described in the IL-1 producer population. These results demonstrate the presence of the IL-1 system in the human embryo. However, the selective release of IL-1 only when embryos were cocultured with EEC or EEC-conditioned medium indicates an obligatory role of the endometrium in the regulation of the embryonic IL-1 system. Furthermore, the differential embryonic production of IL-1 may be related to the implantation capability of the embryos.
Design and Synthesis of Low Cost, Sustainable CO2-philes (2000)

Research conducted in the 1990s has demonstrated that one can design compounds which are “CO2-philic”, that is, they exhibit miscibility with CO2 at pressures significantly below that of conventional alkyl-functional analogues. The use of such CO2-philic functional groups in the design of surfactants and chelating agents has allowed successful implementation of CO2 in processes such as emulsion polymerization, heavy metal extraction, and others. However, the high cost of widely used fluorinated CO2-philes can render the economics of a CO2 process unfavorable. Consequently, we have investigated the design of CO2-philes composed of only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Using fundamental data on the thermophysical behavior of CO2 as a guide, we focused on the design and synthesis of functionalized polyethers and copolymers of cyclic ethers and carbon dioxide that were found to be soluble in liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide. By choosing the proper amount of incorporated carbon dioxide, we can generate propylene oxide−CO2 copolymers that exhibit lower miscibility pressures than fluoroethers with the same number of repeat units.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Heteroaromatic Couplings Mediated by Microwave Irradiation (2007)

Abstract Nitrogen‐containing heterocycles bearing a halogen substituent have been converted to the corresponding amines by a synthetic protocol based on Buchwald methodology assisted by microwaves.
Electrogeneration of Biotinylated Functionalized Polypyrroles for the Simple Immobilization of Enzymes (1998)

A new biotin derivative functionalized by a pyrrole group has been synthesized. This functionalization has allowed the preparation of the first example of a poly(pyrrole-biotin) film by oxidative polymerization. In addition, the successful copolymerization of a polypyridinyl complex of ruthenium(II) containing pyrrole groups with the biotin derivative provided redox copolymers exhibiting specific adsorption sites. The resulting copolymer electrodes were applied to the immobilization of a biotinylated glucose oxidase through an avidin bridge. An avidin-conjugated alkaline phosphatase was also immobilized by direct specific adsorption onto the biotinylated polymer. The amperometric response of the resulting biosensors to glucose and phenylphosphate has been studied.
Integrated receiving structure comprising complementary spiral antenna and tuned parallel biased SIS array (1993)

A type of superconducting receiving element comprising a complementary spiral antenna and a series-parallel superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) array with individual tuning of each SIS junction has been designed, fabricated, and experimentally studied. The array was designed for the 80-160 GHz waveband and consists of five SIS junctions, each with a 1.5- mu /sup 2/ area, six inductive short-ended slotlines, and two decoupling capacitances. The effective direct detector bandwidth of this structure with a quantum efficiency equalling unity has been estimated to be as wide as 70 GHz. The noise temperature of the heterodyne mixer has been measured in a three-lens Gaussian beam guide by means of the hot/cold load method, yielding a receiver DSB noise temperature of 80 K. The intermediate-frequency (IF) mixer port load bandwidth and the effect of thermal background radiation on the I-V curve and the saturation of the SIS mixer have been studied.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Pediatric Mastocytosis: Routine Anesthetic Management for a Complex Disease (2008)

We reviewed the main features of pediatric mastocytosis, its anesthetic and perioperative implications, and describe a practical approach to the anesthetic management of pediatric patients with the disease. Although many drugs used routinely in anesthesia reportedly caused mast cell degranulation, deviations from routine anesthesia techniques are not necessarily warranted. However, an understanding of the anesthetic implications of the disease and meticulous preparation to treat possible adverse events are advised.
Abstract 2579: tPA Contributes To Aggravation of Endothelin and Thromboxane Induced Cerebrovasoconstriction After Hypoxia/Ischemia Through Upregulation of ERK MAPK (2012)

Introduction: The sole FDA approved treatment for acute stroke is tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA). However, endogenous tPA is upregulated and potentiates impairment of pial artery dilation in response to hypotension after hypoxia/ischemia (H/I) in pigs. Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), a family of at least 3 kinases, ERK, p38 and JNK, is also upregulated after H/I, with ERK contributing to vasodilator impairment. Impairment of stimulus induced vasodilation may result from tonic withdrawal and/or impairment of a vasodilator influence or upregulation of a vasoconstrictor. This study examined the effect of H/I on the vascular response to two important spasmogens released during CNS ischemic disorders, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and thromboxane, and the influence of tPA and ERK MAPK in such responses. Methods: Cerebral ischemia (20 min) was induced via global increase in intracranial pressure via saline infusion into a hollow bolt placed in the cranium (dura intact) while hypoxia (10 min, pO2 35 mm Hg) was produced by decreasing the inspired O2 via inhalation of N2. Vascular responses to topical ET-1 (10-10, 10-8 M) and U 46619 (1, 10 ng/ml) were obtained at 1h post insult. Phosphorylated and total ERK MAPK were measured by ELISA in the CSF of piglets equipped with a closed cranial window. Data (n=5) were analyzed by ANOVA, with significance at p less than 0.05. Results: H/I aggravated pial artery vasconstriction induced by ET-1 and the thromboxane mimic U 46619, which was blocked by EEIIMD, an inhibitor of PAI-1’s vascular activity and signaling of tPA, but not its fibrinolytic action, but unchanged by its inactive analogue EEIIMR. CSF ERK MAPK was increased by H/I and potentiated by tPA. The ERK MAPK antagonist U 0126 blocked H/I induced aggravation of ET-1 and U 46619 vasoconstriction. Discussion: These data indicate that H/I aggravates ET-1 and thromboxane mediated cerebral vasoconstriction through upregulation of tPA and ERK MAPK. These data suggest that thrombolytic therapy for treatment of CNS ischemic disorders can dysregulate cerebrohemodynamics by augmenting vasoconstriction induced by spasmogens co-released during CNS pathology.
Erratum: Conserved and host-specific features of influenza virion architecture (2015)

Nature Communications 4: Article number: 4816 (2014); Published 16 September 2014; Updated 17 February 2015. In the last paragraph of the Methods section in this Article, the dates on which certain data were downloaded from public databases were typeset incorrectly. The following are the correct details: ‘A list of proteins identified in exosomes was downloaded from www.
MeSH Now: automatic MeSH indexing at PubMed scale via learning to rank (2017)

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/CBBresearch/Lu/Demo/MeSHNow/ .
Stereo-based intermediate view synthesis with realistic‘look around’ capability (1998)

An algorithm is presented for synthesising intermediate views from a stereo image pair that attempts to produce a realistic 3D ‘look around’ effect. The task is accomplished by suitably incorporating a term proportional to the corresponding disparities to the co-ordinates of the ‘virtual’ intermediate view points to be reconstructed.
Plasmonics in graphene at infrared frequencies (2009)

We point out that plasmons in doped graphene simultaneously enable low losses and significant wave localization for frequencies below that of the optical phonon branch $\ensuremath{\hbar}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{Oph}\ensuremath{\approx}0.2\text{ }\text{eV}$. Large plasmon losses occur in the interband regime (via excitation of electron-hole pairs), which can be pushed toward higher frequencies for higher-doping values. For sufficiently large dopings, there is a bandwidth of frequencies from ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{Oph}$ up to the interband threshold, where a plasmon decay channel via emission of an optical phonon together with an electron-hole pair is nonegligible. The calculation of losses is performed within the framework of a random-phase approximation and number conserving relaxation-time approximation. The measured DC relaxation-time serves as an input parameter characterizing collisions with impurities, whereas the contribution from optical phonons is estimated from the influence of the electron-phonon coupling on the optical conductivity. Optical properties of plasmons in graphene are in many relevant aspects similar to optical properties of surface plasmons propagating on dielectric-metal interface, which have been drawing a lot of interest lately because of their importance for nanophotonics. Therefore, the fact that plasmons in graphene could have low losses for certain frequencies makes them potentially interesting for nanophotonic applications.
Full-Featured Search Algorithm for Negative Electron-Transfer Dissociation (2016)

Negative electron-transfer dissociation (NETD) has emerged as a premier tool for peptide anion analysis, offering access to acidic post-translational modifications and regions of the proteome that are intractable with traditional positive-mode approaches. Whole-proteome scale characterization is now possible with NETD, but proper informatic tools are needed to capitalize on advances in instrumentation. Currently only one database search algorithm (OMSSA) can process NETD data. Here we implement NETD search capabilities into the Byonic platform to improve the sensitivity of negative-mode data analyses, and we benchmark these improvements using 90 min LC-MS/MS analyses of tryptic peptides from human embryonic stem cells. With this new algorithm for searching NETD data, we improved the number of successfully identified spectra by as much as 80% and identified 8665 unique peptides, 24 639 peptide spectral matches, and 1338 proteins in activated-ion NETD analyses, more than doubling identifications from previous negative-mode characterizations of the human proteome. Furthermore, we reanalyzed our recently published large-scale, multienzyme negative-mode yeast proteome data, improving peptide and peptide spectral match identifications and considerably increasing protein sequence coverage. In all, we show that new informatics tools, in combination with recent advances in data acquisition, can significantly improve proteome characterization in negative-mode approaches.
티몰혼탁도검사(混濁度檢査)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)(1) (1980)

The thymol turbidity test of Maclagan has been shown to be of considerable diagnostic value in certain types of liver disease. Mac1agan have reported that the test was probably associated with an increase in r-globulin. Recant, Cohen and associates, on the other hand, have shown that the test depends on the presence of lipid containing fraction of serum globulin (s-globulin fraction), than the r-globulin. The study had shown that the thymol turbidity is affected by changes of serum total protein, albumin, α1-g1obulin in low and s-globulin, r-globulin, total lipid, total cholesterol, triglyceride and pre-s-lipoprotein in high concentration. The status of thymol turbidity test in clinical laboratory should be determined since its application in the field has been argued.