gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO2 Solar Cells Based on Ruthenium(II) Phenanthroline Complex Photosensitizers (2001)

We have synthesized four carboxylated Ru(II) phenanthroline complexes with different numbers of carboxyl groups, cis-bis(4,7-dicarboxy-1,10-phenanthroline)dithiocyanato ruthenium(II) (Ru(dcphen)2(NCS)2), cis-bis(4-monocarboxy-1,10-phenanthroline)dithiocyanato ruthenium(II) (Ru(mcphen)2(NCS)2), cis-(4,7-dicarboxy-1,10-phenanthroline)(1,10-phenanthroline)dithiocyanato ruthenium(II) (Ru(dcphen)(phen)(NCS)2), and cis-(4-monocarboxy-1,10-phenanthroline)(1,10-phenanthroline)dithiocyanato ruthenium(II) (Ru(mcphen)(phen)(NCS)2), as photosensitizers for oxide semiconductor solar cells. We have studied photovoltaic properties of dye-sensitized nanocrystalline semiconductor solar cells based on Ru phenanthroline complexes and an iodine redox electrolyte. The photovoltaic performance of the TiO2 solar cell sensitized by Ru(dcphen)2(NCS)2(TBA)2 exceeded that of ZnO, SnO2, and In2O3 solar cells. A solar energy to electricity conversion efficiency (η) of 6.6% was obtained under the standard AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW cm-2, JIS A class) with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 12.5 mA cm-2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 0.74 V, and a fill factor (ff) of 0.71. Monochromatic incident photon to current conversion efficiency was 78% at 526 nm. Deoxycholic acid as a coadsorbate and decreasing film thickness improved Voc especially due to suppression of the dark current reaction corresponding to the reduction of triiodide ions with injected electrons. The improved photovoltaic property due to the added coadsorbate suggests that some aggregates of the Ru complex suppress efficient electron injection to the semiconductor. The position and number of carboxyl groups attached to the phenanthroline ligand as an anchor affect photosensitizer performance significantly, suggesting that the anchoring configuration of Ru phenanthroline complexes on the semiconductor surface is important to efficient photovoltaic cell performance. Two carboxyl groups attached to phenanthroline ligands are necessary for effective electron injection.
Wildlife Extension Activities in Michigan (1938)

life histories and habits of wildlife, and as to social problems involved in its maintenance. Consequently, in Michigan two members of the game division have devoted part of their time to extension activities, and an extension specialist was employed to work cooperatively between the Game Division of the Department of Conservation and the Extension Service of Michigan State College. This paper is written for the purpose of informing individuals in other states about wildlife extension work in Michi-
Discrepancy between SAA and CRP levels linked to the difference of SAA/CRP ratio in the patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (2021)

ABSTRACT Objectives Indeed, serum amyloid A (SAA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) reportedly seem to have moderate correlation, but discrepancies between CRP and SAA levels have often been reported in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA). This study aimed to determine the reasons for this discrepancy. Methods ERA patients (n = 206) were enrolled and treated with anti-RA drugs. Clinical features and disease activities were estimated. CRP and SAA levels were monitored, and the SAA/CRP ratio was compared. Correlations between CRP and SAA levels in individuals and between individuals and disease activity scores were examined. Results In a follow-up study, the SAA/CRP ratio remained almost constant over time in the same patients. However, SAA/CRP ratios differed widely between patients (0.233–106.3). In patients with high SAA/CRP ratios (&amp;gt;6.52), many (26.2%) had abnormal SAA values only. In patients with low SAA/CRP ratios (&amp;lt;6.52), not a few (6.8%) exhibited abnormal CRP values only. Conclusions The SAA/CRP ratio remained virtually constant in the same patients but differed dramatically between patients, which clarifies the discrepancy between CRP and SAA levels. CRP is the better marker in low-ratio patients but not in high-ratio patients; the SAA/CRP ratio is critical for its interpretation.
Some Properties of Silica Film Made by RF Glow Discharge Sputtering (1970)

Electrical and optical properties of silica films obtained by RF sputtering both with and without oxygen ambient have been investigated. The resistivity of a typical film without oxygen ambient is found to be about 2×10 16 Ω cm at room temperature and the activation energy is estimated to be 1.6 eV in the temperature range from 200°C to 400°C. Small quantity of oxygen gas results in an appreciable reduction of deposition rate. With increasing the oxygen partial pressure, the values of ε ' and tan δ are found to increase and the absorption peak near 9.3µ shifts to longer wave lengths. These results are considered to be explained in terms of a change in film composition caused by oxygen ambient.
Predictive Genome Analysis Using Partial DNA Sequencing Data (2017)

Much research has been dedicated to reducing the computational time associated with the analysis of genome data, which resulted in shifting the bottleneck from the time needed for the computational analysis part to the actual time needed for sequencing of DNA information. DNA sequencing is a time consuming process, and all existing DNA analysis methods have to wait for the DNA sequencing to completely finish before starting the analysis. In this paper, we propose a new DNA analysis approach where we start the genome analysis before the DNA sequencing is completely finished. The genome analysis is started when the DNA reads are still in the process of being sequenced. We use algorithms to predict the unknown bases and their corresponding base quality scores of the incomplete read. Results show that our method of predicting the unknown bases and quality scores achieves more than 90% similarity with the full dataset for 50 unknown bases (slashing more than a day of sequencing time). We also show that our base quality value prediction scheme is highly accurate, only reducing the similarity of the detected variants by 0.45%. However, there is still room to introduce more accurate prediction schemes for the unknown bases to increase the effectiveness of the analysis by up to 5.8%.
Real-World Data Analytics Fit for Regulatory Decision-Making (2018)

Healthcare database analyses (claims, electronic health records) have been identified by various regulatory initiatives, including the 21<sup>st</sup> Century Cures Act and Prescription Drug User Fee Act ("PDUFA"), as useful supplements to randomized clinical trials to generate evidence on the effectiveness, harm, and value of medical products in routine care. Specific applications include accelerated drug approval pathways and secondary indications for approved medical products. Such real-world data ("RWD") analyses reflect how medical products impact health outside a highly controlled research environment. A constant stream of data from the routine operation of modern healthcare systems that can be analyzed in rapid cycles enables incremental evidence development for regulatory decision-making. Key evidentiary needs by regulators include 1) monitoring of medication performance in routine care, including the effectiveness, safety and value; 2) identifying new patient strata in which a drug may have added value or unacceptable harms; and 3) monitoring targeted utilization. Four broad requirements have been proposed to enable successful regulatory decision-making based on healthcare database analyses (collectively, "MVET"): Meaningful evidence that provides relevant and context-informed evidence sufficient for interpretation, drawing conclusions, and making decisions; valid evidence that meets scientific and technical quality standards to allow causal interpretations; expedited evidence that provides incremental evidence that is synchronized with the decision-making process; and transparent evidence that is audible, reproducible, robust, and ultimately trusted by decision-makers. Evidence generation systems that satisfy MVET requirements to a high degree will contribute to effective regulatory decision-making. Rapid-cycle analytics of healthcare databases is maturing at a time when regulatory overhaul increasingly demands such evidence. Governance, regulations, and data quality are catching up as the utility of this resource is demonstrated in multiple contexts.
Preparation of uniform poly(urea–siloxane) microspheres through precipitation polymerization (2015)

Preparation of PUSs through precipitation polymerization.
<title>Quasi-distributed optical fibre fluorosensor for pH measurement</title> (1998)

Fibre optic sensors may be described as either 'intrinsic' or 'extrinsic' according to whether the fibre itself forms part of the sensing medium or merely acts as a waveguide [1], One considerable attraction of the intrinsic type is the possibility of developing a spatially extended, position sensitive sensor system.
Numerical Analysis of Cluster and Monopod Suction Bucket Foundation (2013)

Numerical analyses were performed to study the cluster suction bucket foundation performance in comparison with the monopod suction bucket foundation. The possibility of improving the resistance performance of suction bucket foundations by using cluster configuration was studied. Clustered foundations are formed by arranging multiple bucket foundations in relatively short distances among them. A model cluster foundation composed of three individual buckets was configured such that it has the same cross sectional area, length and total bucket weight to a monopod foundation. Results of numerical modeling are presented in the form of load-displacement curves. Vertical, horizontal and horizontal combined with moment load conditions were considered. The results show that the cluster type configuration improved the resistance performance of the foundations under typical loading conditions.
Cell fractionation in non-ionic detergent distinguishes sub-populations of polyoma virus middle T antigen and reveals a novel form. (1994)

The transforming function of polyoma virus, middle T antigen (MT), interacts with several cellular enzymes, essential to its oncogenic activity. We have used cell fractionation to study the various MT/cellular protein complexes. We demonstrate that MT can be separated into three sub-species, dependent upon extraction in two buffers that we designate A and B: Antigen extracted from whole cells by both buffers (called MT1) is associated with most of the phosphorylated phosphatidyl-inositol kinase 85 kD subunit, pp85, and protein phosphatase 2A. Antigen (MT2), associated with the greater portion of pp60c-src, is extracted by buffer B, but not buffer A. A third population (MT3), resistant to extraction by either buffer, is not detectably associated with protein phosphatase 2A or pp85. It is, however, associated with a low level kinase activity. The interaction between pp60c-src and MT appears to influence the formation of both MT2 and MT3. MT2 fractionates with the cellular microtubule network, but does not appear to be directly associated with it. MT3, a previously undescribed population, comprises about one third of MT in wild type antigen-containing cells. It is missing in mutants incapable of interacting with pp60c-src, but exists in the absence of an interaction with pp85. We suggest that MT3 may be an intermediate in, or product of, one of the MT/pp60c-src signalling pathways, distinct from that involving pp85.
STEINER TREES, STEINER CIRCUITS AND THE INTERFERENCE PROBLEM IN BUILDING DESIGN (1979)

Abstract Buildings contain enormously complex configurations of corridors, pipes, ducts, conduits and related building system components. In many cases, the configuration and analysis of these component systems can be Formulated as the Steiner tree problem with and without obstacles. Certain building systems can be represented with a Euclidean metric while others are best defined with a rectilinear (Manhattan) metric. The paper describes heuristic algorithms for the interactive development of minimal Steiner trees and circuits. The interactive approach enables architects and engineers to design these systems in ways consistent with the designed arrangement of building activities in two and three dimensions.
A Polarity-Adjustable Nanosecond Pulse Generator Suitable for High Impedance Load (2020)

This article presents a new method for forming nanosecond short pulse on high impedance load using the turnon and turn-off delays of dual Marx. The generator combines advantages of the traditional solid-state Marx generator's modular stacking design to easily stack high-voltage pulse, flexible pulsewidth, and compact size. It can output unipolar or bipolar pulses by controlling the driving signal of each Marx. And the delay time between bipolar pulses can be flexibly adjusted. The dual Marx of the pulse generator is designed by the same seven-stage module stack. The SiC-MOSFET with fast turn-off capability and high repetition rate is used as the main switch, which has superior performance under high-frequency conditions. Through theoretical analysis and prototype test, the generator can generate voltage amplitude ±5 kV under 2-kΩ noninductive resistance load, pulsewidth 10-30 ns continuously adjustable, and the delay time of positive and negative nanosecond pulses is 100-400 ns. This high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator has a repetition frequency of up to 1 MHz in the burst.
Molecular structure and electronic properties of CF3C.tplbond.SF3 (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular structure and electronic properties of CF3C.tplbond.SF3David A. Dixon and Bruce E. SmartCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 10, 2688–2691Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00270a029RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (589 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The Genotype of Early-Transmitting HIV gp120s Promotes α4β7 –Reactivity, Revealing α4β7+/CD4+ T cells As Key Targets in Mucosal Transmission (2011)

Mucosal transmission of HIV is inefficient. The virus must breach physical barriers before it infects mucosal CD4+ T cells. Low-level viral replication occurs initially in mucosal CD4+ T cells, but within days high-level replication occurs in Peyer's patches, the gut lamina propria and mesenteric lymph nodes. Understanding the early events in HIV transmission may provide valuable information relevant to the development of an HIV vaccine. The viral quasispecies in a donor contracts through a genetic bottleneck in the recipient, such that, in low-risk settings, infection is frequently established by a single founder virus. Early-transmitting viruses in subtypes A and C mucosal transmission tend to encode gp120s with reduced numbers of N-linked glycosylation sites at specific positions throughout the V1-V4 domains, relative to typical chronically replicating isolates in the donor quasispecies. The transmission advantage gained by the absence of these N-linked glycosylation sites is unknown. Using primary α₄β₇/CD4+ T cells and a flow-cytometry based steady-state binding assay we show that the removal of transmission-associated N-linked glycosylation sites results in large increases in the specific reactivity of gp120 for integrin-α₄β₇. High-affinity for integrin α₄β₇, although not found in many gp120s, was observed in early-transmitting gp120s that we analyzed. Increased α₄β₇ affinity is mediated by sequences encoded in gp120 V1/V2. α₄β₇-reactivity was also influenced by N-linked glycosylation sites located in C3/V4. These results suggest that the genetic bottleneck that occurs after transmission may frequently involve a relative requirement for the productive infection of α₄β₇+/CD4+ T cells. Early-transmitting gp120s were further distinguished by their dependence on avidity-effects to interact with CD4, suggesting that these gp120s bear unusual structural features not present in many well-characterized gp120s derived from chronically replicating viruses. Understanding the structural features that characterize early-transmitting gp120s may aid in the design of an effective gp120-based subunit vaccine.
Effets contrastés des thérapies B-déplétantes sur les anticorps anti-HLA spécifiques du donneur chez des receveurs d’allogreffe rénale traités pour des rejets humoraux chroniques actifs (2013)

Les rôles exacts de la phosphatase alcaline intestinale (PAI) sont restés mal connus pendant longtemps. C'est seulement récemment que quatre nouvelles fonctions ont été démontrées pour la PAI. Elle joue un rôle crucial dans la régulation de l'absorption intestinale des lipides, de la sécrétion duodénale de bicarbonate et du maintien du pH extracellulaire local, dans la détoxification des endotoxines et le contrôle de l'inflammation induite par celles-ci, et enfin dans la prévention de la translocation bactérienne intestinale. Une analyse rétrospective de la littérature a été conduite pour évaluer la capacité de l'alimentation à moduler l'activité intestinale de la PAI. Il en ressort que plusieurs constituants, incluant les lipides, les protéines et les glucides, modulent l'expression et/ou l'activité de la PAI. En conclusion, la PAI joue un rôle clé dans le contrôle de l'homéostasie intestinale et son activité peut être augmentée par voie nutritionnelle, en particulier dans les situations pathologiques (par exemple les maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l'intestin) dans lesquelles l'implication des bactéries commensales est suspectée, et quand l'activité de la PAI est trop faible pour détoxifier les endotoxines.The diverse roles of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) have long remained elusive. However, four novel functions have been reported recently. It was shown that IAP participates in the regulations of lipid absorption across enterocyte's apical membrane, and of bicarbonate secretion and extracellular duodenal pH. IAP is responsible for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) detoxification and for controlling LPS-induced inflammation. IAP regulates bacterial translocation across intestinal epithelium. A retrospective analysis of the literature was then conducted for analysing the potential of the diet to modulate IAP. This analysis revealed that many dietary components including fat, protein and carbohydrate are important IAP modulators. In conclusion, IAP plays key roles in the control of intestinal homeostasis and its activity could be increased through the diet, especially in pathological situations (e.g. inflammatory bowel diseases) where the involvement of commensal bacteria is suspected, and when intestinal AP is too low to detoxify enough of bacterial LPS.
Behavior of Particles Suspended in Non-Coalescence Droplets Formed Between Coaxial Rods With Temperature Difference (2007)

One can realize that head-to-head droplets never coalesce if there exists a temperature gradient over the free surface under the condition of the non-zero temperature coefficient of the surface tension. The present authors focus upon unique behavior of the particles suspended in droplets formed between the coaxial cylindrical rods with a temperature difference. Several kinds of patterns emerged in the hotter droplet will be introduced. Spatio-temporal particle behaviors are reconstructed by applying three dimensional particle tracking velocimetry (3-D PTV).
Prévenir la transmission des mutations de l’ADN mitochondrial : mythe ou réalité ? (2010)

Nuclear transfer to prevent mitochondrial DNA diseases: myth or reality?
Pathology of laser‐induced experimental aneurysms (1988)

Aneurysms were produced in the common carotid artery of 35 rats by milliwatt CO2 laser welding of an adventitia patch over a hole. The aneurysmal sac was formed by collagen; the lumen was covered by an endothelial-like lining and partially thrombosed. The pathology of these aneurysms is similar to spontaneously occurring intracranial human aneurysms. This aneurysm model has properties (reliability, spontaneous bleeding tendency, minimal vessel manipulation, and pathological features) that make it theoretically advantageous for the induction of experimental intracranial aneurysms in larger animals.
Desmin Amyloid-like Oligomers Generated by Mono-Phospho Mimetic Mutants Decrease Respiration in Isolated Cardiac Sub-Mitochondrial Particles (2014)

BACKGROUND: Despite its prevalence the molecular bases of heart failure (HF) remain obscure. Our group recently reported a role for amyloid-like oligomers (ALOs) generated by mono-phosphorylated desmin as a potential mechanism underlying HF development and progression. We reported that differential desmin phosphorylation at Ser 27 and 31 may drive the formation of 600 kDa desmin ALOs. We first optimized a way to isolate these ALOs and tested their potential toxicity on cardiac sub-mitochondrial particles. METHODS: We implemented an electrophoretic method to separate and identify the ALOs in-gel. The procedure was optimized using a well-established murine model of cardiac proteotoxicity (R120G CryAB mice). We alternatively generated desmin ALOs by transducing cultured cardiac myocytes with a lentivirus carrying desmin double mutants that mimic or prevent desmin phosphorylation at Ser27/31, by substitution to Asp or Ala, respectively.\nALOs at both 600 kDa and 1200 kDa, serving as a negative control, were purified using gel electrophoresis, followed by electroelution of the ALOs. We incubated cardiac sub-mitochondrial particles (SMPs) with 600 and 1200 kDa ALOs from\ndouble mutants and measured O2 consumption by polarographic analysis. RESULTS &amp; CONCLUSIONS: Only the 600kDa oligomers showed amyloid-like\nproperties as specified by Thioflavin T binding using our new optimized separation. Furthermore, only the mono-phosphomimetic desmin ALOs decreased O2 consumption in SMPs in a dose- (and sequence-) dependent fashion when SMPs\nwere energized by NADH. These data point to a novel mechanism of mitochondrial toxicity for ALOs generated by mono- hosphorylated desmin, which is increased in both human and experimental HF. This work is supported by the American Heart\nAssociation (12SDG9210000), the NIH Proteomic innovation contract P01HL081427 and PPG on cardiac resynchronization therapy PO1-HL077180, Fondazione del Monte, and RFO University of Bologna (Bologna, Italy) to GA
Pilot-symbol-aided channel estimation for OFDM in wireless systems (2003)

We investigate pilot-symbol-aided parameter estimation for OFDM systems. We first derive a minimum mean-square error pilot-symbol-aided parameter estimator. Then, we discuss a robust implementation of the pilot-symbol-aided estimator that is insensitive to channel statistics. From the simulation results, the required SNRs for a 10% word error rate (WER) are 6.8 dB and 7.3 dB for the typical urban channels with 40 Hz and 200 Hz Doppler frequencies, respectively, and are 8 dB and 8.3 dB for the hilly-terrain channels with 40 Hz and 200 Hz Doppler frequencies, respectively. Compared with the decision-directed parameter estimator, the pilot-symbol-aided estimator is highly robust to Doppler frequency for dispersive fading channels with noise impairment even though it has some performance degradation for systems with lower Doppler frequencies.