gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Demonstration on 2.5-m Spatial Resolution and 1 $^{\circ}$C Temperature Uncertainty Over Long-Distance BOTDA With Combined Raman Amplification and Optical Pulse Coding (2011)

The combination of Raman amplification and optical pulse coding (OPC) is proposed to reduce the frequency uncertainty in a long-distance Brillouin optical time-domain analyzer (BOTDA) under higher spatial resolution. The experimental characterization of temperature sensing with measurement accuracy ~ 1°C under ~ 2.5-m spatial resolution over a whole length of sensing fiber is demonstrated. The sensing fiber is composed of 49.6-km fiber at 10.8-GHz Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) and 25-km fiber at 11.005 GHz.
N-terminal PEGylated cellulase: a high stability enzyme in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (2013)

A new approach to improve cellulase stability in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]), based on covalently binding the N-terminal α-amino acid residue of commercial cellulase to mPEG-ALD (monomethoxyl-polyethylene glycol aldehyde), is proposed. N-terminal PEGylated cellulase (Cell-ALD) was obtained by using mPEG-ALD as a modifier and by controlling the reaction pH in the range of 4–5. The stability of Cell-ALD was first studied in different concentrations of [Bmim][Cl] at 50 °C and 80 °C. The thermal stability of Cell-ALD was obviously enhanced, and was affected by the molecular weight of mPEG-ALD and the degree of modification (DM). mPEG-ALD 5k (an average molecular weight of 5000 Daltons) increased the stability of the enzyme at 50 °C by more than 30 times compared with the unmodified cellulase in 25% [Bmim][Cl] which behaves as a powerful enzyme deactivating agent. Thus, a stabilized Cell-ALD has been successfully used for the saccharification of dissolved cellulose in [Bmim][Cl] (i.e. up to 95% hydrolysis in 24 h) at 50 °C.
Influence of heat treatment on morphological changes of nano-structured titanium oxide formed by anodic oxidation of titanium in acidic fluoride solution (2009)

TiO(2) nanotube array (TN) on titanium plate was fabricated by using an electrochemical method. The crystal structure and surface morphology of TN array was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electronic Microscopy (FE-SEM), respectively. The stability of the nanotube structure and crystal phase transition was studied at different temperatures in dry oxygen ambient. The as-deposited films were found to be amorphous. The tubes crystallized in the anatase phase at a temperature of 450 degrees C. Anatase crystallites formed inside the tubes walls was transformed completely to rutile at 500 degrees C in dry environment. With the heating temperature increased the intensity of rutile peak increased with decrease in reflection from titanium. Intense rutile peak was observed at 600 degrees C. The average pore diameter as calculated from FE-SEM images was 50-100 nm. At higher temperature tubular structure completely collapsed leaving dense rutile crystallites. A model was proposed to explain the formation mechanism of TN fabricated on titanium plate in HF/H(2)SO(4) electrolyte.
High Intra-abdominal Pressure Enhances the Penetration and Antitumor Effect of Intraperitoneal Cisplatin on Experimental Peritoneal Carcinomatosis (2006)

Intraperitoneal chemotherapy with increased IAP, in comparison with conventional IP or IV chemotherapy, improved the tumor accumulation and the antitumor effect of cisplatin in rats bearing advanced peritoneal carcinomatosis. In preclinical conditions, the tolerance of sustained IAP was manageable in ventilated pigs.
Preventing Traumatic Stress after Child Injury: Development of a Website for Parents (2010)

Injury is a common experience for children worldwide. Over 80% of children develop some traumatic stress symptoms in the month following injury. Regardless of injury severity, 15 to 20% of injured children develop persistent and impairing posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), including 5 to 10% who develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (Similar rates of symptoms are observed in the parents of injured children.) PTSS are a key predictor of child functional outcomes post-injury. Parents are the most important resource for acutely injured children, and yet are often unaware of how best to help their child. The Internet can provide easily accessible and quick information and tools to a wide range of parents of injured children. This chapter describes the development process for the After the Injury website (www.aftertheinjury.org) from concept to execution, including initial efforts to evaluate the website&amp;rsquo;s utility and acceptability to parents. After the Injury aims to prevent persistent PTSS and PTSD through a web-based information and psychoeducational intervention. The development of this site highlights several important principles: 1) selecting evidence-informed objectives and content; 2) utilizing user-centered design to guide the site&amp;rsquo;s look, design, and functionality, and help ensure parent engagement; and 3) incorporating evaluation throughout the process of site development and implementation.
Data from A Calcium-Rich Multimineral Intervention to Modulate Colonic Microbial Communities and Metabolomic Profiles in Humans: Results from a 90-Day Trial (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Aquamin is a calcium-, magnesium-, and multiple trace element–rich natural product with colon polyp prevention efficacy based on preclinical studies. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of Aquamin on colonic microbial community and attendant metabolomic profile. Thirty healthy human participants were enrolled in a 90-day trial in which Aquamin (delivering 800 mg of calcium per day) was compared with calcium alone or placebo. Before and after the intervention, colonic biopsies and stool specimens were obtained. All 30 participants completed the study without serious adverse event or change in liver and renal function markers. Compared with pretreatment values, intervention with Aquamin led to a reduction in total bacterial DNA (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0001) and a shift in the microbial community measured by thetaYC (θ&lt;sub&gt;YC&lt;/sub&gt;; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0087). Treatment with calcium also produced a decline in total bacteria, but smaller than seen with Aquamin, whereas no reduction was observed with placebo in the colon. In parallel with microbial changes, a reduction in total bile acid levels (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0375) and a slight increase in the level of the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) acetate in stool specimens (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001) from Aquamin-treated participants were noted. No change in bile acids or SCFAs was observed with calcium or placebo. We conclude that Aquamin is safe and tolerable in healthy human participants and may produce beneficial alterations in the colonic microbial community and the attendant metabolomic profile. Because the number of participants was small, the findings should be considered preliminary.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Classification and biomarker identification using gene network modules and support vector machines (2009)

More than 90% accuracy can be obtained in classification of selected microarray datasets by integrating the interaction network information with the gene expression information from the microarrays.The Matlab version of SVM-RNE can be downloaded from http://web.macam.ac.il/~myousef.
Optimal transmit for packet-based data transmission on dispersive channels with application to the FIR MMSE-DFE (1993)

Optimal transmit filters for packet-based data transmission on dispersive Gaussian-noise linear time-invariant channels are derived by maximizing the channel throughput, subject to a fixed input energy budget. A quasi-stationary approximation to the optimal nonstationary input covariance process is derived and shown to exhibit negligible throughput loss compared with the optimal case, for situations of most practical interest. This accurate approximation results in efficiently computed lattice or pole-zero transmit filters. By considering the finite-impulse-response minimum-mean-square error decision feedback equalizer (FIR MMSE-DFE) as a receiver structure, it is shown that transmitter optimization results in an appreciable improvement in the decision point SNR when the output block length (N) is comparable with the channel memory. As N becomes infinite, the optimum finite-dimensional nonstationary input covariance process converges to a stationary process whose power spectrum obeys the water-pour distribution.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Imatinib mesylate therapy may overcome the poor prognostic significance of deletions of derivative chromosome 9 in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (2004)

Deletions of derivative chromosome 9 [der(9)] can be identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 10% to 15% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Patients with der(9) deletions have been reported to have an adverse outcome when treated with chemotherapy, interferon, and possibly imatinib mesylate. We investigated the frequency and prognostic significance of der(9) deletions among 352 patients with CML treated with imatinib mesylate at our institution, in whom a deletion status of der(9) was determined. Thirty-three patients (9%; 95% CI 0.07, 0.13) (30 in chronic phase, 3 in accelerated phase) had der(9) deletions. The rates of major (82% vs 79%, P = 0.82) and complete cytogenetic response (76% vs 66%, P = .33) with imatinib mesylate therapy were similar in patients with and without der(9) deletions, respectively. After a median follow-up of 28 months, there was no difference in overall survival (P = .30) or response duration (P = .49) in patients with and without deletions. In a multivariate analysis, der(9) deletions had no significant impact on response, survival, or response duration. We conclude that treatment with imatinib mesylate overcomes the adverse prognostic significance of der(9) deletions in patients with CML.
[Breast feeding, PCBs and dioxins]. (1991)

In breastmilk of 14 Dutch mothers and 5 Polish mothers the content of dioxins and furans is measured. The study in Dutch mothers is started to relate the level of these xenobiotics to bleeding in the perinatal and late neonatal period. Interference with coagulation is hypothesized in analogon to phenobarbital. A relation is seen between bleeding in four babies and the mean content of 2, 3, 7, 8 TCDD (= tetrachloordibenzodioxin) (P = 0.02) in their breastmilk. This relation however is not found for the content of 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 PnCDF (= pentachloordibenzofuran) or the total amount of toxic equivalents. The fact that the prenatal gradient from mother to baby is different for T4CDD and PnCDF, respectively 2:1 and 10:1, may be an explanation for the dissociation between T4CDD on one side and PnCDF and total amount of toxic equivalents on the other side. Polish breastmilk was significantly lower (about four times) for dioxins and furans than Dutch breastmilk. This means that for these chemicals pollution in Holland is much higher than in Poland.
Modifying SBA-15 with Binary Elements of Chromium and Molybdenum for Improved Catalytic Performance in the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Isobutane to Isobutene (2019)

In the oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutane to isobutene, selectivity and stability were improved by introducing chromium and molybdenum into SBA-15. The direct synthesis method (DM) was used to introduce these binary elements into SBA-15. Use of the DM resulted in a higher specific surface area of the catalyst and a greater dispersion of chromium and molybdenum species compared with a corresponding binary catalyst prepared using the incipient wetness impregnation method (IM). Selectivity to isobutene was improved, along with a decrease in the selectivities to CO and CO2 with the introduction of greater amounts of molybdenum, which suggests that molybdenum must suppress the tendency of isobutene to over-oxidate to either CO or CO2. The molybdenum species must be in close proximity to the chromium species, which results in the formation of an active Cr–O–Mo site.
Risk prediction for new-onset atrial fibrillation using the Minnesota code electrocardiography classification system (2021)

We developed useful risk model with Minnesota code information for predicting new-onset AF from large worker population validated in the original and external cohorts, although study interpretation is limited by small improvement of AUC.
Annexin-1 modulates repair of gastric mucosal injury (2008)

Annexin-1 is a glucocorticoid-inducible protein that plays an important effector role in the resolution of inflammation and has recently been shown to contribute to the resistance of the stomach to injury. Using an integrated genetic and pharmacological approach, we have tested the hypothesis that annexin-1 contributes to the healing of mucosal injury, given that such injury is accompanied by an inflammatory response, which is often associated with an overexpression of annexin-1 expression. Gastric ulcers were induced in mice through serosal application of acetic acid. Annexin-1 expression during the healing of the ulcers was examined. The effects on gastric ulcer healing of treatment with an annexin-1 mimetic (Ac2-26), an antagonist of the annexin-1 receptor (Boc2), or a glucocorticoid (dexamethasone) were examined. Finally, susceptibility to and healing of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions were compared in wild-type and annexin-1-deficient mice. Expression of annexin-1 was significantly increased in the gastric ulcer margin throughout the healing process. Treatment with an annexin-1 mimetic (Ac2-26) significantly enhanced gastric ulcer healing. In contrast, both dexamethasone and an formyl peptide receptor-like-1 (FPRL-1) antagonist impaired the early phase of ulcer healing. Annexin-1-deficient mice exhibited the same susceptibility as wild-type mice to indomethacin-induced gastric damage, but the healing of that damage was impaired in the former. These data support the hypothesis that annexin-1 contributes significantly to the process of healing of gastric mucosal damage.
Real and virtual coarse-fine robot bracing strategies for precision assembly (2003)

Previous work on coarse-fine robots has emphasized improved positioning resolution or improved compliant behavior. The authors stress the use of the coarse-fine system's redundant degrees of freedom for bracing of either the coarse or the fine manipulator to execute an assembly task reliably. They refer to real bracing if the constraining forces and torques are supplied by mechanical means, and to virtual bracing if they are supplied by a control system. An application of the coarse-fine robot bracing approach to precision laminate registration and stacking for electronic packaging is presented. Results show that assembly errors of only a few microns can be readily obtained, approximately an order of magnitude improvement over the unbraced coarse-fine case, and nearly two orders of magnitude better than those attainable by coarse manipulation alone.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cardiac contractility modulation: a novel approach for the treatment of heart failure (2016)

Heart failure is a major health problem worldwide and, despite effective therapies, is expected to grow by almost 50 % over the next 15 years. Five-year mortality remains high at 50 % over 5 years. Because of the economic burden and large impact on quality of life, substantial effort has focused on treatments with multiple medical (beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), aldosterone antagonists, and combination of ARB/neprilysin blockers, ivabradine) and device therapies (ICD, CRT) which have been implemented to reduce disease burden and mortality. However, in the past decade only two new medical therapies and no devices have been approved by the US FDA for the treatment of heart failure. This review highlights the preclinical and clinical literature, and the implantation procedure, related to a relatively new therapeutic device for heart failure; cardiac contractility modulation (CCM). CCM delivers a biphasic high-voltage bipolar signal to the RV septum during the absolute refractory period, eliciting an acute increase in global contractility, and chronically producing a sustained improvement in quality of life, exercise tolerance, and heart failure symptoms. The technology is used commercially in Europe with nearly 3000 patients implanted worldwide. Indications include patients with reduced EF and normal or slightly prolonged QRS duration, thus filling an important therapeutic gap among the 2/3 of patients with heart failure who do not meet criteria for CRT. The mechanism by which CCM provides benefit can be seen at the cellular level where improved calcium handling (phosphorylation of phospholamban, upregulation of SERCA-2A), reversal of the fetal myocyte gene program associated with heart failure, and reverse remodeling are observed. Recent retrospective studies indicate a long-term mortality benefit. A pivotal randomized controlled study is currently being completed in the USA. CCM appears to be an effective, safe technology for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
A New Type of Hexaosmium Boride Cluster, H3Os6(CO)16B, That Does Not Conform to Electron Counting Rules (2000)

A new type of hexaosmium boride cluster, H3Os6(CO)16B, was produced in the thermolysis of H3Os3(CO)9(BCO). This complex is an 86 valence electron cluster, but the Os6 framework does not possess one of the geometries previously observed for Os6 clusters that have 86 valence electrons. [HOs6(CO)18]- and [Os6(CO)18]2- have octahedral frameworks while that of H2Os6(CO)18 is a face-capped square pyramid. The Os6 framework of H3Os6(CO)16B can be viewed as being derived from a pentagonal bipyramid that is missing one equatorial vertex. It contains an interior boron atom. Alternatively, it can be viewed like the 84 valence cluster Os6(CO)18 as either a bicapped tetrahedron, with a boron atom residing on the edge of the tetrahedron that is common to the capped faces, or a face-capped trigonal bipyramid, with the boron atom on an equatorial edge of the bipyramid that is also an edge of the capped face. H3Os6(CO)16B was characterized by 1H, and 11B, 13C NMR, IR, and mass spectroscopies and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The molecular structure was determined from two separate crystals. The analysis of each crystal yielded virtually identical structures, but their volumes differed by 36 A3 due to differences in packing in the unit cell. Data for crystal I of H3Os6(CO)16B: monoclinic P2(1/n), a = 9.954(2) A, b = 15.780(4) A, c = 16.448(3) A, beta = 91.07(1) degrees, Z = 4. Data for crystal II of H3Os6(CO)16B: monoclinic P2(1/n), a = 9.927(2) A, beta = 16.623(2) A, b = 16.0233(10) A, beta = 97.78(1) degrees, Z = 4.
[MRI of the pituitary adenomas with reference to the hormonal activity]. (1995)

Many studies in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of pituitary adenomas are already performed. However, few reports exist about MRI findings of pituitary adenomas with reference to the hormonal activity, therefore, we evaluated this problem on the viewpoint of the signal intensity in MRI and pathological features. Fifteen patients with growth hormone producing adenoma (GH-group), 6 patients with prolactin producing adenoma (PRL-group), 15 patients with endocrinologically non-functioning adenoma (Null-group) and 9 cases with normal pituitary gland (normal control group) were examined. Signal intensity values in adenoma (or anterior lobe in normal control group) and in pons as standard value were measured in each cases, then their rates were calculated as signal intensity ratio (SIR). In 24 cases (14 in GH-group, 3 in PRL-group, 7 in Null-group), cellular density were examined with surgically resected specimens. In the T1-weighted images (T1 WIs), PRL-group and Null-group presented more hypointense tendency than normal control group. In the T2-weighted images (T2 WIs), only Null-group presented more hyperintense tendency than other groups. But significant correlation was not observed between SIR and cellular density.
THE REMOVAL OF SULFUR DIOXIDE FROM FLUE GASES. (1965)

The growth of industrialization makes it imperative to reduce the amounts of sulfur dioxide emitted into the atmosphere. This article describes various processes for cleaning flue gases, and gives details of new methods being investigated.Wet scrubbing with water, though widely practised, has many disadvantages. Scrubbing with zinc oxide, feasible in zinc works, is more satisfactory.Dry methods use a solid absorbent; they have the advantage of a high emission temperature.Other methods are based on the addition to the fuel or the flue gases of substances such as activated metal oxides, which react with the sulfur to form compounds less harmful than sulfur dioxide. Also being investigated are a two-stage combustion system, in which the sulfur dioxide is removed in the first stage, and the injection of activated powdered dolomite into burning fuel; the resulting sulfates being removed by electrostatic precipitation.A wet catalysis process has recently been developed.Most of the cleaning processes are not yet technically mature, but first results show good efficiency and relatively low cost.
Fetal nutrition: A review (2005)

Knowledge of fetal nutrient supply has greatly increased in the last decade due to the availability of fetal blood samples obtained under relatively steady-state conditions.These studies, together with studies utilizing stable isotope methodologies, have clarified some aspects of the supply of the major nutrients for the fetus such as glucose, amino acids and fatty acids.At the same time, the relevance of intrauterine growth has been recognized not only for the well-being of the neonate and child, but also for later health in adulthood.The major determinants of fetal nutrient availability are maternal nutrition and metabolism together with placental function and metabolism.The regulation of the rate of intrauterine growth is the result of complex interactions between genetic inheritance, endocrine environment and availability of nutrients to the fetus.
Design Requirements for a Tendon Rehabilitation Robot: Results from a Survey of Engineers and Health Professionals (2018)

Exoskeleton type finger rehabilitation robots are helpful in assisting the treatment of tendon injuries. A survey has been carried out with engineers and health professionals to further develop an existing finger exoskeleton prototype. The goal of the study is to better understand the relative importance of several design criteria through the analysis of survey results and to improve the finger exoskeleton accordingly. The survey questions with strong correlations are identified and the preferences of the two respondent groups are statistically compared. The results of the statistical analysis are interpreted and insights obtained are used to guide the design process. The answers to the qualitative questions are also discussed together with their design implications. Finally, Quality Function Deployment (QFD) has been employed for visualizing these functional requirements in relation to the customer requirements.
Dynamic Analyses on Network Traffic Flow (1999)

This paper summarizes dynamic network analyses utilizing cumulative arrival and departure curves under point as well as physical queues. First, a relationship between the cumulative curve under point and physical queue concepts and time-space diagram is explained. Second, dynamic traffic assignments with three principles of DUO (Dynamic User Optimal), DUE (Dynamic User Equilibrium), and DSO (Dynamic System Optimal) are formulated. Finally, theoretical past research outcomes on departure time choice, which is as important as route choice, are reviewed.