gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THIESEL 2022. Conference on Thermo-and Fluid Dynamics of Clean Propulsion Powerplants (2022)

The THIESEL 2022. Conference on Thermo-and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Direct Injection Engines planned in Valencia (Spain) for 8th to 11th September 2020 has been successfully held in a virtual format, due to the COVID19 pandemic. In spite of the very tough environmental demands, combustion engines will probably remain the main propulsion system in transport for the next 20 to 50 years, at least for as long as alternative solutions cannot provide the flexibility expected by customers of the 21st century. But it needs to adapt to the new times, and so research in combustion engines is nowadays mostly focused on the new challenges posed by hybridization and downsizing. The topics presented in the papers of the conference include traditional ones, such as Injection &amp; Sprays, Combustion, but also Alternative Fuels, as well as papers dedicated specifically to CO2 Reduction and Emissions Abatement.Papers stem from the Academic Research sector as well as from the Industry.
Interaction between Monobactams and Streptomyces R61 dd‐Carboxypeptidase (1982)

The monobactams are a novel family of monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotics characterized by the 2-oxoazetidine-1-sulfonic acid moiety. A series of monobactams bind covalently to the Streptomyces R61 DD-carboxypeptidase in a manner similar to that for bicyclic beta-lactams, especially cephalosporins. The similarity of interaction was established by the following criteria: inhibition of binding by diisopropylfluorophosphate and alpha-dicarbonyls; stoichiometry of binding; similarity of partial proteolysis products of radiolabelled enzyme; rates of release of bound beta-lactams; nature of hydrolysis and hydroxylaminolysis products.
Increased longevity in mice lacking DGAT1 (2006)

The fat-storing (or adipose) tissue of organisms has been implicated in modulating the rate of aging across the animal phyla. In mammals, leanness, whether the result of caloric restriction or genetic manipulations, is associated with increased longevity. Male mice lacking acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), an enzyme that catalyzes the terminal step in triacylglycerol synthesis, have enhanced insulin sensitivity and are protected from diet-induced obesity, a result of increased energy expenditure. We hypothesized that the lean phenotype and improved metabolic state of DGAT1-deficient mice would result in increased longevity. To test this hypothesis, we determined the lifespan of wild-type and DGAT1-deficient mice (n = 30 female mice of each genotype). Mice lacking DGAT1 had increased longevity, with mean lifespan increased by more than 20% (Table 1, P < 0.005). DGAT1-deficient mice also had reduced (33%) serum IGF-1 levels and impaired fertility, consistent with other models of increased longevity. To examine the aging phenotype in more detail, young (3–4 month old) and middle-aged (12–14 month old) female mice were further characterized. DGAT1-deficient mice were protected from age-related obesity, the result of increased energy expenditure. Food intake and serum insulin levels were not different, and serum leptin levels were significantly reduced in DGAT1-deficient mice, suggesting enhanced leptin sensitivity. Furthermore, mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking DGAT1 were protected from palmitate-induced cytotoxicity, suggesting that DGAT1 deficiency may promote increased longevity by protecting from lipotoxic stress. In summary, DGAT1-deficient mice have increased longevity, supporting the hypothesis that leanness promotes life extension.
Handling shared resources in a temporal data base management system (1986)

An important component of planning involves keeping track of what various agents intend to do and recognizing situations in which certain planned-for activities are likely to interfere with one another. In planning situations involving several agents participating in a cooperative endeavor, this process can be automated to a high degree thereby facilitating coordination between agents. The more difficult aspects of planning, how to choose what activities to perform and what to do when those choices lead to problems, are left to the agents themselves. This paper demonstrates how the use of an interactive temporal data base management system can direct the inter-agent communication necessary to coordinate the use of shared resources and deal with complex scheduling problems. It is argued that much of the paper work normally associated with routine office transactions can be eliminated through the use of this temporal data base.
Poly(acryloyl hydrazide), a versatile scaffold for the preparation of functional polymers: synthesis and post-polymerisation modification (2017)

Here we present the synthesis and post-polymerisation modification of poly(acryloyl hydrazide), a versatile scaffold for the preparation of functional polymers: poly(acryloyl hydrazide) was prepared from commercially available starting materials in a three step synthesis on a large scale, in good yields and high purity. Our synthetic approach included the synthesis of a Boc-protected acryloyl hydrazide, the preparation of polymers <i>via</i> RAFT polymerisation and the deprotection of the corresponding Boc-protected poly(acryloyl hydrazide). Post-polymerisation modification of poly(acryloyl hydrazide) was then demonstrated using a range of conditions for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic aldehydes. These experiments demonstrate the potential of poly(acryloyl hydrazide) as a scaffold in the synthesis of functional polymers, in particular those applications where <i>in situ</i> screening of the activity of the functionalised polymers may be required (<i>e.g.</i> biological applications).
The Slingerland Tests (1983)

This study analyzed the reliability and validity of two widely–used screening tests for academic readiness and for specific language disability: the Pre–Reading Screening Procedures and the Slingerland Screening Tests for Identifying Children with Specific Language Disability. These tests were administered to 1021 heterogeneous students in grades one through six. Student background data, handwriting samples, and Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills scores were also collected and analyzed. The study's design allowed researchers to develop estimates of reliability (alpha, test–retest, and inter–rater) and validity, including factor analysis. The results indicate that reliability and validity coefficients are well within acceptable limits for the purposes of the tests, and that educational programming decisions can confidently be based on the test results.
Virtualization and network mirroring to deliver High Availability to Grid services (2010)

12 paginas, 4 figuras.-- Trabajo presentado al 4rd Iberian Grid Infrastructure Conference celebrado en Braga (Portugal) del 24 al 27 de mayo de 2010.
Token-Based Port Mapping Between Unicast and Multicast RTP Sessions (2010)

This document presents a port mapping solution that allows RTP
receivers to choose their own ports for an auxiliary unicast session
in RTP applications using both unicast and multicast services (almost)
without the need for retrieving pre-authorization.
One-shot parallel complex Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography using a spatial carrier frequency (2008)

We propose a novel method of one-shot parallel complex Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography using a spatial carrier frequency for full range imaging. The spatial carrier frequency is introduced into the 2-D spectral interferogram in the lateral direction by using a tilted reference wavefront. This spatial-carrier-contained 2-D spectral interferogram is recorded with one shot of a 2-D CCD camera, and is Fourier-transformed in the lateral direction to obtain a 2-D complex spectral interferogram by a spatial-carrier technique. A full-range tomogram is reconstructed from the 2-D complex spectral interferogram. The principle of this method is confirmed by cross-sectional imaging of a glass slip object.
Synthesis filter optimization and coding: Applications to CELP (speech analysis) (2003)

Code-excited linear prediction (CELP) is examined for the coding of speech signals. The methodology is developed to allow for a joint optimization of waveform selection, waveform scaling, and pitch filter determination. Methods to accommodate high-pitch speakers (pitch lag smaller than the analysis frame size) are given. The requirements for coding the synthesis parameters into a bit stream at 4.8 kb/s are discussed. The coder has been tested at channel error rates of 0.001, with only minor degradations in the resulting speech. An adaptive postfilter has been added to achieve a small increase in perceived speech quality.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Micro-scale Synthesis andIn-SituSpectroscopic Characterization of Some Chemical Weapons Related Organophosphonate Compounds (1998)

Abstract Inspection protocols for the Chemical Weapons Treaty, which went into effect on April 29, 1997 require on-site analytical procedures which include a comprehensive mass spectral database of hundreds of scheduled compounds. A number of these compounds were prepared on a nanogram scale via a micro-scale synthetic approach using GC-IRD/MSD analytical instrumentation to purify and identify the resulting products. The collected electron impact mass spectra will be made available for use in relevant databases.
A high resolution study of ordering in Au4Mn. II. The evolution of ordering in Au4Mn (1978)

Ordering in the Au4Mn system is studied by electron diffraction and high resolution dark field electron microscopy. On fast quenching the alloy from above the ordering temperature diffuse streaking is observed by electron diffraction; a transition state characterized by the occurrence of tetrahedral clusters is formed. Slight annealing reveals a diffraction pattern strongly resembling the Watanabe-type structure. Dark field resolution microscopy reveals a two dimensional long period antiphase boundary structure consisting of islands of the DO22 structure; the boundaries itself having an uncommon orientation. On further ordering the Ni4Mo-type structure gradually forms while the transition structure disappears. Das Ordnungsverhalten im Au4Mn-System wird mit Elektronenbeugung und hochauflösender Dunkelfeldelektronenmikroskopie untersucht. Nach schnellem Abschrecken der Legierung von Temperaturen oberhalb der Ordnungstemperatur werden mittels Elektronenbeugung diffuse Streifen beobachtet und ein Übergangszustand bildet sich, der durch das Auftreten von tetraedrischen Clustern charakterisiert ist. Schwaches Tempern ergibt ein Begungsdiagramm, das streng die Watanabe-Struktur wiedergibt. Die Dunkelfeldmikroskopie zeigt eine zweidimensionale, langperiodische Antiphasengrenzenstruktur, die aus Inseln der DO22-Struktur besteht; die Grenzen selbst besitzen keine gemeinsame Orientierung. Bei weiterer Ordnung bildet sich die Ni4Mo-Struktur allmählich aus, während die Übergangsstruktur verschwindet.
Överstyrning på is och snö med olika vinterdäck : metodutveckling och fältstudie (2011)

Trafikolyckor vintertid karaktariseras i hogre grad an olyckor sommartid av att foraren tappar kontrollen over fordonet och en sladdsituation uppstar. I en studie av Trafikverket visas att for dods ...
Low emittance lattices for electron storage rings revisited (1994)

Conditions for the lowest possible emittance of the lattice for electron storage rings are obtained by a simplified analytical approach. Examples of electron storage lattices with minimum emittances are presented. A simple graphical presentation in the normalized dispersion space (Floquet`s transformation) is used to illustrate the conditions and results.
Modeling and optimization of suspension SAN polymerization re actors (1997)

A detailed mathematical model is developed to describe the operation of batch-modified SAN [styrene (ST)/acrylonitrile (AN)/α-methylstyrene (AMS)] terpolymerization reactors. The model is validated by comparing simulation results with published and plant experimental data. Optimal temperature policies and initiator feed concentrations are then computed. It is shown that optimal operation conditions may be extremely sensitive to small perturbations, so that optimal operation conditions may actually be unfeasible. It is also shown that average polymer molecular weight may be properly controlled by adding small amounts of inhibitor into the polymerization medium, which is usually cheaper than using chain transfer agents to control the average polymer molecular weight. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:1683–1701, 1997
Image segmentation and analysis via multiscale gradient watershed hierarchies (1999)

Multiscale image analysis has been used successfully in a number of applications to classify image features according to their relative scales. As a consequence, much has been learned about the scale-space behavior of intensity extrema, edges, intensity ridges, and grey-level blobs. We investigate the multiscale behavior of gradient watershed regions. These regions are defined in terms of the gradient properties of the gradient magnitude of the original image. Boundaries of gradient watershed regions correspond to the edges of objects in an image. Multiscale analysis of intensity minima in the gradient magnitude image provides a mechanism for imposing a scale-based hierarchy on the watersheds associated with these minima. This hierarchy can be used to label watershed boundaries according to their scale. This provides valuable insight into the multiscale properties of edges in an image without following these curves through scale-space. In addition, the gradient watershed region hierarchy can be used for automatic or interactive image segmentation. By selecting subtrees of the region hierarchy, visually sensible objects in an image can be easily constructed.
Thwarting Cyber-Attack Reconnaissance with Inconsistency and Deception (2007)

One of the best ways to defend a computer system is to make attackers think it is not worth attacking. Deception or inconsistency during attacker reconnaissance can be an effective way to encourage this. We provide some theory of its advantages and present some data from a honeypot that suggests ways it could be fruitfully employed. We then report on experiments that manipulated packets of attackers of a honeypot using Snort Inline. Results show that attackers definitely responded to deceptive manipulations, although not all the responses helped defenders. We conclude with some preliminary results on analysis of "last packets" of a session which indicate more precisely what clues turn attackers away.
Optimized multipath network coding in lossy wireless networks (2009)

Network coding has been a prominent approach to a series of problems that used to be considered intractable with traditional transmission paradigms. Recent work on network coding includes a substantial number of optimization based protocols, but mostly for wireline multicast networks. In this paper, we consider maximizing the benefits of network coding for unicast sessions in lossy wireless environments. We propose optimized multipath network coding (OMNC), a rate control protocol that dramatically improves the throughput of lossy wireless networks. OMNC employs multiple paths to push coded packets to the destination, and uses the broadcast MAC to deliver packets between neighboring nodes. The coding and broadcast rate is allocated to transmitters by a distributed optimization algorithm that maximizes the advantage of network coding while avoiding congestion. With extensive experiments on an emulation testbed, we find that OMNC achieves more than two-fold throughput increase on average compared to traditional best path routing, and significant improvement over existing multipath routing protocols with network coding. The performance improvement is notable not only for one unicast session, but also when multiple concurrent unicast sessions coexist in the network.
Near-infrared spectrophotometric device to measure fluid exchange in blood-perfused organs (1993)

We describe an on-line spectrophotometric device designed to estimate the volume of transvascular fluid exchange (VE) continuously in isolated organ preparations. The device is interposed in the perfusion circuit, and VE is continuously estimated from changes in light transmission proportional to changes in perfusate hematocrit. In our perfusing circuit, hemolysis was negligible. Using hourly determinations of free hemoglobin, we estimated errors in VE due to hemolysis to be on the order of 1 ml for every hour of perfusion (expt I). When logarithms of on-line spectrophotometric signals were plotted against measured hematocrits (expt II), there was always an excellent linear correlation over a wide range of hematocrits (from 0.247 to 0.583). Finally, there was also an excellent correlation between spectrophotometric [QF(Spectr)] and gravimetric [QF(wt)] estimates of constant rates of transvascular fluid exchange in five isolated excised canine left lower pulmonary lobes, where QF(Spectr) = delta VE/delta t and QF(wt) = delta wt/delta t (expt III). QF(Spectr) = 1.035QF(wt) - 0.038 (r2 = 0.9772).
Cation Exchange Reactions in Ionic Nanocrystals (2004)

Cation exchange has been investigated in a wide range of nanocrystals of varying composition, size, and shape. Complete and fully reversible exchange occurs, and the rates of the reactions are much faster than in bulk cation exchange processes. A critical size has been identified below which the shapes of complex nanocrystals evolve toward the equilibrium shape with lowest energy during the exchange reaction. Above the critical size, the anion sublattice remains intact and the basic shapes of the initial nanocrystals are retained throughout the cation exchange. The size-dependent shape change can also be used to infer features of the microscopic mechanism.
Micronucleus formation by single and mixed heavy metals/loids and PAH compounds in HepG2 cells (2015)

Humans and other organisms are exposed to multi-chemical mixtures including commonly found carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metal/loids. The joint effects of these chemicals as beyond the binary mixtures have not been well characterised. In this study, we evaluated the combined genotoxicity of mixtures of PAHs and heavy metal/loids containing benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P), naphthalene (Nap), phenanthrene (Phe), pyrene (Pyr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) using in vitro micronucleus (MN) test in HepG2 cells. The induction of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by single and mixed PAHs was also measured. The results indicated that individual and mixed Nap, Phe and Pyr did not induce significant MN frequencies. PAHs mixture containing B[a]P and B[a]P alone caused significant but similar level of MN frequencies. The same pattern was found in their AhR induction. Individual metal/loids induced significant cytostasis and MN formation of which Cd was found the most potent inducer. Mixture of metal/loids caused higher frequency of MN suggesting a possible additive effect among metal/loids. In addition, binary mixture of metal/loids and B[a]P, namely As/B[a]P, Cd/B[a]P and Cr/B[a]P, increased MN formation. Mixture of Cd and B[a]P induced the highest level of MN. Exposure of cells to the mixture containing B[a]P and Cd/Cr/As at lower concentration (0.25 µM) resulted in significant MN frequency, the level of which was equal to that by Cd/B[a]P at 1.0 µM. The results of the study suggested that an additive effect may exist between PAHs and heavy metal/loids in a compound- and concentration-dependent manner. The compounds with highest potencies of genotoxicity in the mixture seem dominant as driving sources in the final combined genotoxicity of PAHs and heavy metal/loids.
Functional Organization of Owl Monkey Lateral Geniculate Nucleus and Visual Cortex (1998)

The nocturnal, New World owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus) has a rod-dominated retina containing only a single cone type, supporting only the most rudimentary color vision. However, it does have well-developed magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) retinostriate pathways and striate cortical architecture [as defined by the pattern of staining for the activity-dependent marker cytochrome oxidase (CO)] similar to that seen in diurnal primates. We recorded from single neurons in anesthetized, paralyzed owl monkeys using drifting, luminance-modulated sinusoidal gratings, comparing receptive field properties of M and P neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus and in V1 neurons assigned to CO "blob," "edge," and "interblob" regions and across layers. Tested with achromatic stimuli, the receptive field properties of M and P neurons resembled those reported for other primates. The contrast sensitivity of P cells in the owl monkey was similar to that of P cells in the macaque, but the contrast sensitivities of M cells in the owl monkey were markedly lower than those in the macaque. We found no differences in eye dominance, orientation, or spatial frequency tuning, temporal frequency tuning, or contrast response for V1 neurons assigned to different CO compartments; we did find fewer direction-selective cells in blobs than in other compartments. We noticed laminar differences in some receptive field properties. Cells in the supragranular layers preferred higher spatial and lower temporal frequencies and had lower contrast sensitivity than did cells in the granular and infragranular layers. Our data suggest that the receptive field properties across functional compartments in V1 are quite homogeneous, inconsistent with the notion that CO blobs anatomically segregate signals from different functional "streams."
A Scalable Decoder Architecture for IEEE 802.11n LDPC Codes (2007)

This paper describes a scalable IP of a decoder for LDPC codes compliant to IEEE 802.1 In and running the well- known layered decoding algorithm. The decoder architecture is arranged in clusters of serial processing units, which are configurable to process all the codes in the standard and, at the same time, to support multiple frame decoding. An optimization methodology of the iteration latency is also described, which relates to the order of the messages updated by the processors, as well as to the sequence of layers the decoder goes through. The logic synthesis on 65 nm CMOS technology with low- power standard-cell library, shows that the proposed design is suitable for portable devices, the throughput ranging from 180 to 410 Mbps, and the power consumption being below 235 mW.
New glass system for low-loss optical waveguides (1976)

Optical fibres have been made by the vapour deposition of P2O5-GeO2-SiO2 glass onto the inside surface of Corning Code 7913 glass tubes. These graded-index core waveguides exhibit low attenuations, i.e. 4.0 dB/km at 0.82μm.
Genetic and Genomic Toolbox of Zea mays (2015)

Maize has a long history of genetic and genomic tool development and is considered one of the most accessible higher plant systems. With a fully sequenced genome, a suite of cytogenetic tools, methods for both forward and reverse genetics, and characterized phenotype markers, maize is amenable to studying questions beyond plant biology. Major discoveries in the areas of transposons, imprinting, and chromosome biology came from work in maize. Moving forward in the post-genomic era, this classic model system will continue to be at the forefront of basic biological study. In this review, we outline the basics of working with maize and describe its rich genetic toolbox.