gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning Structured Embeddings of Knowledge Bases (2011)

Many Knowledge Bases (KBs) are now readily available and encompass colossal quantities of information thanks to either a long-term funding effort (e.g. WordNet, OpenCyc) or a collaborative process (e.g. Freebase, DBpedia). However, each of them is based on a different rigorous symbolic framework which makes it hard to use their data in other systems. It is unfortunate because such rich structured knowledge might lead to a huge leap forward in many other areas of AI like nat- ural language processing (word-sense disambiguation, natural language understanding, ...), vision (scene classification, image semantic annotation, ...) or collaborative filtering. In this paper, we present a learning process based on an innovative neural network architecture designed to embed any of these symbolic representations into a more flexible continuous vector space in which the original knowledge is kept and enhanced. These learnt embeddings would allow data from any KB to be easily used in recent machine learning meth- ods for prediction and information retrieval. We illustrate our method on WordNet and Freebase and also present a way to adapt it to knowledge extraction from raw text.
Human coagulation abnormalities during acute exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (1976)

Multiple coagulation studies were carried out in eight healthy young men at sea level (SL) and after 1, 24, and 48 h at a simulated altitude of 4,400 m. Platelet aggregation, as induced by ADP, epinephrine, and collagen, was not significantly altered by high-altitude (HA) exposure. Mean 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, a physiological inhibitor of platelet aggregation, rose (P less than 0.001) after 24 h at HA and remained elevated while no changes in circulating catecholamines were observed. Platelet count, factor 3 availability, and membrane lipid peroxide formation were likewise unaltered at HA, as were prothrombin and thrombin times and protamine paracoagulation test. However, mean partial thromboplastin time was significantly shortened (P less than 0.01) after 1 and 24 h at HA, recovering to SL control by 48 h. Fibrinogen and factor VIII levels also fell (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.02) after 1 h at HA but returned to the preexposure values by 24 h. Fibrin degradation products were transiently detectable in three subjects at HA. Thus, although normal platelet function did not appear to be modified by short-term exposure to simulated high altitude, evidence for a coagulopathy was obtained.
A study of the host-network interface for MPEG based desktop video conferencing (2002)

This paper describes the experimental transport of a full motion MPEG-1 system stream (combines audio, video and timing information) over an ATM network. We analysed the factors related to the host interface that affected the video and audio quality. We found that in order to achieve high resolution video conferencing at the desktop, a dedicated hardware decoder is needed. Furthermore, software handling of the MPEG-1 packets introduces jitter greater than 250 ms due to the underlying non-real time operating system. We plan to use the results to define and develop a dedicated network-interface and audio-video decoder-encoder subsystem that unloads the PC and facilitates video conferencing and video playback.
Unifying Syntactic and Semantic Approaches to Unaccusativity: A Connectionist Approach (1991)

Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on The Grammar of Event Structure (1991), pp. 156-167
Dependence of Conductivity on Charge Density and Electrochemical Potential in Polymer Semiconductors Gated with Ionic Liquids (2011)

We report the hole transport properties of semiconducting polymers in contact with ionic liquids as a function of electrochemical potential and charge carrier density. The conductivities of four different polymer semiconductors including the benchmark material poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) were controlled by electrochemical gating (doping) in a transistor geometry. Use of ionic liquid electrolytes in these experiments allows high carrier densities of order 1021 cm–3 to be obtained in the polymer semiconductors and also facilitates variable temperature transport measurements. Importantly, all four polymers displayed a nonmonotonic dependence of the conductivity on carrier concentration. For example, for P3HT in contact with the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate ([EMI][FAP]), the hole conductivity reached a maximum of 85 S/cm at 6 × 1020 holes cm–3 or 0.16 holes per thiophene ring. Further increases in charge density up to 0.35 holes per ring produced a reversible drop in film conductivity. The reversible decrease in conductivity is due to a carrier density dependent hole mobility, which reaches 0.80 ± 0.08 cm2 V–1 s–1 near the conductivity peak. The conductivity behavior was qualitatively independent of the type of ionic liquid in contact with the polymer semiconductor though there were quantitative differences in the current versus gate voltage characteristics. Temperature dependent measurements of the mobility in P3HT revealed that it is activated over the range 250–350 K. Both the pre-exponential coefficient μ0 and the activation energy EA depend nonmonotonically on carrier density with EA becoming as small as 20 meV at the conductivity peak. Overall, the peak in conductivity versus carrier density appears to be a general result for polymer semiconductors gated with ionic liquids.
Experimental Ultrasonic Image Converter to Permit a Diver to See in Turbid Water (1973)

An experimental ultrasonic image converter was developed to generate a television-like image inside a swimmer's facemask of a 60° viewing sector from 14 in. (arms length) to a maximum range of 10 ft. The converter consists of an array of transducers and a similar array of light emitting diodes affixed to opposite ends of a rotating cylinder containing the processing electronics. The transducer array both generates and receives high-frequency ultrasound which is focused by a miniature liquid lens to form multiple narrow beams. The processed transducer outputs are applied to the diode array to form the visual image, which is conducted to the facemask by fiber optics. Rotating the arrays effects both the scanning of the narrow beams over the object plane and the required synchronous display scan to form the visual image. Tests using hand tools, metal plates, and cylinders demonstrated the feasibility of generating useful images of even specularly reflecting objects with techniques applicable to free-swimmer equipment.
1391 Unscheduled neonatal attendances (2022)

<h3>Aims</h3> The easing of Covid-19 lockdown measures led to an unprecedented increase in paediatric emergency department (ED) attendances. Neonates represent a vulnerable group who can be challenging to manage in the ED due to infection risk and lack of specialised facilities. Care on the postnatal wards or review in a dedicated neonatal outpatient area, where feeding support and maternal care can be provided, may be more appropriate and have the added benefit of reducing pressure in the ED. To facilitate this, a mutually agreed pathway between ED and neonatal services is essential. We aimed to ascertain the burden of neonatal presentations to ED and create a referral pathway for unscheduled neonatal presentations (figure 1). <h3>Methods</h3> This was a retrospective observational review of babies less than 14 days of age presenting to the ED of a tertiary paediatric hospital with adjacent maternity and neonatal facilities. To account for random variation in ED presentations over consecutive weeks, attendances on the first week of four alternate months in 2020 (January, March, May, July) were included. Variables analysed included antenatal and postnatal history, presenting complaint, discharge diagnosis, and length of ED stay. The data was used to inform a referral pathway that identifies patients appropriate for discussion with the neonatal team. <h3>Results</h3> 42 babies met the criteria over the sampled weeks, with a mean of 11 per week. Of note, this number was comparable the same time period in both 2019 and 2021. All were born at term (&gt;37 weeks) and none had previous NNU admissions. Of the babies 61% were born to primigravida mothers. 43% were self-referrals to ED and 38% had community midwife review on the same day as attendance, with 2 being telephone reviews. Half presented between the hours of 20:00pm and 08:00am. The mean length of stay in ED was 2.2 hours. The most common discharge diagnoses were ‘well baby’, ‘feeding problem’ and ‘periodic breathing’ (figure 2). 26% were admitted to paediatric services, of those 63% were discharged within 24 hours of admission. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The data in this cohort reflects the fact that most neonates presenting to ED were clinically well, however, some require a period of observation prior to safe discharge. The referral pathway (figure 1) was intended for babies &lt;14 days and identifies those appropriate for discussion with the neonatal team, in particular where the main presenting problem is a feeding issue, jaundice or weight loss. In addition, it excludes any baby with possible respiratory infective symptoms that would preclude them from NNU admission. The referral pathway (figure 1) allows for a conversation between ED and neonatal teams, aiming to ensure babies with routine neonatal issues are assessed in the most appropriate area, while acknowledging the need for flexibility due to out of hours neonatal staffing, cot capacity and need for observation prior to discharge.
Trends in Therapy and Outcomes Associated With Respiratory Failure in Patients Admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (2021)

The prevalence of respiratory failure in CICU more than doubled during the last decade. The use of noninvasive respiratory support increased, while overall mortality declined over time. Cardiac arrest and shock accounted for the majority of deaths. Further research is needed to optimize the outcomes of high-risk CICU patients with respiratory failure.
A monoclonal antibody specific to Müller cells and selective synaptic sites in the retina. (1990)

We have produced a monoclonal antibody which stains the Müller cells in the region of the photoreceptors, nerve terminals surrounding the horizontal cells, and nerve terminals in the inner plexiform layer in carp, goldfish, and white perch retinas. Electron microscopy showed that the staining in the outer and inner retina was confined to Müller cells and presynaptic terminals, respectively. In the teleost brain, the antibody stained only the optic tectum and efferent fibers from the stratum album centrale. Biochemical characterization by immunoblotting showed that this monoclonal antibody recognizes an approximately 70-kD molecule in both whole retina and brain homogenates, suggesting that the antibody recognizes an identical molecule. No staining was noted in the spleen or the liver. This monoclonal antibody appears to be specific to a molecule common to the Müller cells and presynaptic terminals in the teleost retina, and although it is present in other parts of the central nervous system, it is confined to the visual pathway.
Dinuclear manganese alkoxide complexes as catalysts for C–N bond cleavage of simple tertiary N,N-dialkylamides to give esters (2019)

Amide bonds are stable due to the resonance between the nitrogen lone pair and the carbonyl moiety, and therefore the chemical transformation of amides, especially tertiary amides, involving C-N bond fission is considered one of the most difficult organic reactions, unavoidably requiring harsh reaction conditions and strong acids or bases. We report the catalytic C-N bond cleavage of simple tertiary <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dialkylamides to give corresponding esters using a catalyst system (2 mol% based on Mn atoms) of a tetranuclear manganese alkoxide, [Mn(acac)(OEt)(EtOH)]<sub>4</sub> (<b>1c</b>), combined with four equivalents of 4,7-bis(dimethylamino)-1,10-phenanthroline (<b>L1</b>: Me<sub>2</sub>N-Phen). Regarding the reaction mechanism, we isolated a dinuclear manganese complex, [Mn(acac)(OEt)(Phen)]<sub>2</sub> (<b>6c</b>), which was revealed as the catalytically active species for the esterification of tertiary amides.
Silicon nitride as anode material for Li-ion batteries: Understanding the SiNx conversion reaction (2018)

An extensive research effort is being made to develop the next generation of anode materials for lithium ion batteries. A large part of this effort has been related to silicon, primarily due to its considerable theoretical capacity; however, very limited cycling stability has prevented widespread commercial adoption. A potential solution for this is to use convertible sub-stoichiometric silicon nitride (a-SiNx), which goes through an irreversible conversion reaction during the initial lithiation cycle, producing active silicon domains in an inactive, lithium conducting matrix. Relative to pure silicon, the resulting composite material has gained cycle life at the cost of reduced specific capacity. The specifics of the conversion reaction, however, have not yet been determined; hence, the impact of varying nitrogen content remains uncertain. In this work we develop a model reaction which relates the reversible and irreversible capacities of an electrode to the composition of the conversion products. By fitting this model to experimental data from a large number of a-SiNx thin film electrodes with different thickness and composition, we determine with a high probability that the matrix composition is Li2SiN2. From this, the reversible and irreversible capacities of the material can be predicted for a nitride of a given composition.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Oxime Ethers in Asymmetric Synthesis. Part 3. Asymmetric Synthesis of (R)‐N‐Protected α‐Amino Acids by the Addition of Organometallic Reagents to the ROPHy Oxime of Cinnamaldehyde. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
BloomStore: Bloom-Filter based memory-efficient key-value store for indexing of data deduplication on flash (2012)

Due to its better scalability, Key-Value (KV) store has superseded traditional relational databases for many applications, such as data deduplication, on-line multi-player gaming, and Internet services like Amazon and Facebook. The KV store efficiently supports two operations (key lookup and KV pair insertion) through an index structure that maps keys to their associated values. The KV store is also commonly used to implement the chunk index in data deduplication, where a chunk ID (SHA1 value computed based on the chunk's content) is a key and its associative chunk metadata (e.g., physical storage location, stream ID) is the value. For a deduplication system, typically the number of chunks is too large to store the KV store solely in RAM. Thus, the KV store maintains a large (hash-table based) index structure in RAM to index all KV pairs stored on secondary storage. Hence, its available RAM space limits the maximum number of KV pairs that can be stored. Moving the index data structure from RAM to flash can possibly overcome the space limitation. In this paper, we propose efficient KV store on flash with a Bloom Filter based index structure called BloomStore. The unique features of the BloomStore include (1) no index structure is required to be stored in RAM so that a small RAM space can support a large number of KV pairs and (2) both index structure and KV pairs are stored compactly on flash memory to improve its performance. Compared with the state-of-the-art KV store designs, the BloomStore achieves a significantly better key lookup performance and roughly the same insertion performance with multiple times less RAM usage based on our experiments with deduplication workloads.
Interferential quenching of light transmission in microsphere dispersions of liquid-crystal clusters (2009)

Electro-optic interferential quenching of light scattering is observed in microsphere and nematic liquid-crystal dispersions. The used drop-filled and nonaligned liquid-crystal matrix allows the formation of large orientational clusters responsible for this phenomenon, which is interpreted according to the single-scattering model.
A one-step synthesis of tetradecahydroundecaborate(1-) ion from sodium tetrahydroborate (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA one-step synthesis of tetradecahydroundecaborate(1-) ion from sodium tetrahydroborateGary B. Dunks and Kathy Palmer OrdonezCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 6, 1514–1516Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50184a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50184a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views975Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental Insights Into Thermal Dissipation in TSV-Based 3-D Integrated Circuits (2015)

This article describes heat dissipation challenges in 3-D ICs; using two case studies, it also presents insights and design guidelines for 3-D thermal management.
Sterols. CVIII. The Preparation of Dihydroandrosterone and Related Compounds from Diosgenin and Tigogenin (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSterols. CVIII. The Preparation of Dihydroandrosterone and Related Compounds from Diosgenin and TigogeninRussell E. MarkerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1940, 62, 10, 2621–2625Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01867a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01867a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multi-lineage ‘stem’ cells in the mammalian embryo (1988)

The term 'stem' cell has acquired a rather more restricted meaning in cell biology than in embryology as a result of studies on the growth kinetics of renewing tissues in mature organisms. It is normally used in an embryological context as a synonym for 'progenitor' cell. Methods of establishing the existence of multi-lineage progenitor cells in mammals are examined briefly before the occurrence and properties of such cells in both embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues of the mouse conceptus are reviewed. Various attributes of 'stem' cells that can be obtained from outgrowths of blastocysts in vitro are also discussed.
High strength fused silica flexures manufactured by femtosecond laser (2009)

Flexures are mechanical elements used in micro- and precision-engineering to precisely guide the motion of micro-parts. They consist of slender bodies that deform elastically upon the application of a force. Although counter-intuitive at first, fused silica is an attractive material for flexure. Pending that the machining process does not introduce surface flaws that would lead to catastrophic failure, the material has a theoretically high ultimate tensile strength of several GPa. We report on high-aspect ratio fused silica flexures manufactured by femtosecond laser combined with chemical etching. Notch-hinges with thickness as small as twenty microns and aspect ratios comparable to aspect ratios obtained by Deep- Reactive-Ion-Etching (DRIE) were fabricated and tested under different loading conditions. Multiple fracture tests were performed for various loading conditions and the cracks morphologies were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy. The manufactured elements show outstanding mechanical properties with flexural strengths largely exceeding those obtained with other technologies and materials. Fused silica flexures offer a mean to combine integrated optics with micro-mechanics in a single monolithic substrate. Waveguides and mechanical elements can be combined in a monolithic devices opening new opportunities for integrated opto-mechatronics devices.
A compressive sensing approach to object-based surveillance video coding (2009)

This paper studies the feasibility and investigates various choices in the application of compressive sensing (CS) to object-based surveillance video coding. The residual object error of a video frame is a sparse signal and CS, which aims to represent information of a sparse signal by random measurements, is considered for coding of object error. This work proposes several techniques using two approaches- direct CS and transform-based CS. The techniques are studied and analyzed by varying the different trade-off parameters such as the measurement index, quantization levels etc. Finally we recommend an optimal scheme for a range of bitrates. Experimental results with comparative bitrates-vs-PSNR graphs for the different techniques are presented.
Increased Failure Rates After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Soft‐Tissue Autograft‐Allograft Hybrid Grafts (2015)

Level III, retrospective comparative study.