gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential Patterns of IgG Subclass Responses to Plasmodium falciparum Antigens in Relation to Malaria Protection and RTS,S Vaccination (2019)

Naturally acquired immunity (NAI) to <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> malaria is mainly mediated by IgG antibodies but the subclasses, epitope targets and effector functions have not been unequivocally defined. Dissecting the type and specificity of antibody responses mediating NAI is a key step toward developing more effective vaccines to control the disease. We investigated the role of IgG subclasses to malaria antigens in protection against disease and the factors that affect their levels, including vaccination with RTS,S/AS01E. We analyzed plasma and serum samples at baseline and 1 month after primary vaccination with RTS,S or comparator in African children and infants participating in a phase 3 trial in two sites of different malaria transmission intensity: Kintampo in Ghana and Manhiça in Mozambique. We used quantitative suspension array technology (qSAT) to measure IgG<sub>1-4</sub> responses to 35 <i>P. falciparum</i> pre-erythrocytic and blood stage antigens. Our results show that the pattern of IgG response is predominantly IgG1 or IgG3, with lower levels of IgG2 and IgG4. Age, site and RTS,S vaccination significantly affected antibody subclass levels to different antigens and susceptibility to clinical malaria. Univariable and multivariable analysis showed associations with protection mainly for cytophilic IgG3 levels to selected antigens, followed by IgG1 levels and, unexpectedly, also with IgG4 levels, mainly to antigens that increased upon RTS,S vaccination such as MSP5 and MSP1 block 2, among others. In contrast, IgG2 was associated with malaria risk. Stratified analysis in RTS,S vaccinees pointed to novel associations of IgG4 responses with immunity mainly involving pre-erythrocytic antigens upon RTS,S vaccination. Multi-marker analysis revealed a significant contribution of IgG3 responses to malaria protection and IgG2 responses to malaria risk. We propose that the pattern of cytophilic and non-cytophilic IgG antibodies is antigen-dependent and more complex than initially thought, and that mechanisms of both types of subclasses could be involved in protection. Our data also suggests that RTS,S efficacy is significantly affected by NAI, and indicates that RTS,S vaccination significantly alters NAI.
A Web-Based Self-Learning Grammar For Spoken Language Understanding (2014)

One of the major goals of Spoken Dialog Systems<br> (SDS) is to understand what the user utters.<br> In the SDS domain, the Spoken Language Understanding (SLU)<br> Module classifies user utterances by means of a pre-definite<br> conceptual knowledge. The SLU module is able to recognize only the<br> meaning previously included in its knowledge base. Due the vastity<br> of that knowledge, the information storing is a very expensive<br> process.<br> Updating and managing the knowledge base are time-consuming<br> and error-prone processes because of the rapidly growing number of<br> entities like proper nouns and domain-specific nouns. This paper<br> proposes a solution to the problem of Name Entity Recognition<br> (NER) applied to a SDS domain. The proposed solution attempts to<br> automatically recognize the meaning associated with an utterance by<br> using the PANKOW (Pattern based Annotation through Knowledge<br> On the Web) method at runtime.<br> The method being proposed extracts information from the Web to<br> increase the SLU knowledge module and reduces the development<br> effort. In particular, the Google Search Engine is used to extract<br> information from the Facebook social network.
A high-gain 58-GHz box-horn array antenna with suppressed grating lobes (1999)

A low-profile high-gain antenna array of box horns for the frequency band 57.2-58.2 GHz is presented. The antenna consists of 256 radiating elements divided into two subgroups of 128 elements fed by a rectangular waveguide feed network. The radiating elements are fed in parallel and the waveguides are connected with T-junctions. The matching of the T-junctions is improved with a matching pin and a splitter. Because of the waveguide feed network, the element spacing is larger than one wavelength, which causes grating lobes. The grating lobes and sidelobes in the H-plane have been suppressed by the use of a combination of subarrays, a special characteristic of the box horn, and an array amplitude tapering. The measured sidelobe levels in the H-plane are below -30 dB at angles larger than 8/spl deg/ from boresight. A gain higher than 35.7 dBi and a return loss higher than 14.4 dB have been measured for the antenna over the band 57.2-58.2 GHz.
Development of a Global Infrared Land Surface Emissivity Database for Application to Clear Sky Sounding Retrievals from Multispectral Satellite Radiance Measurements (2008)

Abstract A global database of infrared (IR) land surface emissivity is introduced to support more accurate retrievals of atmospheric properties such as temperature and moisture profiles from multispectral satellite radiance measurements. Emissivity is derived using input from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) operational land surface emissivity product (MOD11). The baseline fit method, based on a conceptual model developed from laboratory measurements of surface emissivity, is applied to fill in the spectral gaps between the six emissivity wavelengths available in MOD11. The six available MOD11 wavelengths span only three spectral regions (3.8–4, 8.6, and 11–12 μm), while the retrievals of atmospheric temperature and moisture from satellite IR sounder radiances require surface emissivity at higher spectral resolution. Emissivity in the database presented here is available globally at 10 wavelengths (3.6, 4.3, 5.0, 5.8, 7.6, 8.3, 9.3, 10.8, 12.1, and 14.3 μm) with 0.05° spatial resolution. The wavelengths in the database were chosen as hinge points to capture as much of the shape of the higher-resolution emissivity spectra as possible between 3.6 and 14.3 μm. The surface emissivity from this database is applied to the IR regression retrieval of atmospheric moisture profiles using radiances from MODIS, and improvement is shown over retrievals made with the typical assumption of constant emissivity.
Comparative biodistribution of thin‐coated iron oxide nanoparticles TCION: Effect of different bisphosphonate coatings (2001)

Abstract Because the nature of their coatings influences the biodistribution of nanocolloids, five different bisphosphonates bearing OH, NH 2 , NMe 2 , and N+Me 3 groups were evaluated in vivo. 59 Fe‐labeled iron cores were coated by the different molecules and tested by intravenous injection to healthy adult male Wistar rats. The initial phase was estimated with 59 Fe‐ and 99m Tc‐labeled nanoparticles biodistribution. The different coatings do not change hydrodynamic radius (∼12 nm) and relaxivities. The negative surface charge is half for particles coated with bisphosphonates bearing quaternary ammonium compared to those bearing a hydroxyl function. Nanoparticle vascular initial half disappearance time range between 25 and 39 min, with hepatic capture between 50 and 80% ID at 18 h. Bones and muscles fix globally around 35 % ID at 18 h, with high concentrations in the mineral bones. Hydroxy‐bisphosphonates and quaternary ammonium‐bisphosphonate‐coated nanoparticles are the most efficient for blood remanence, weak liver capture, and bone targeting. Drug Dev. Res. 54:173–181, 2001. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improved Detection of Lung Nodules on Chest Radiographs Using a Commercial Computer-Aided Diagnosis System (2004)

This CAD system for digital chest radiographs can assist radiologists and has the potential to improve the detection of lung nodules due to lung cancer.
Laboratory Vector Competence of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidæ) for the Indiana Serotype of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (2000)

A bstract : In previous experiments we have demonstrated that colonized and wild black flies are competent laboratory vectors of different Mexican and Western USA isolates of vesicular stomatitis virus, serotype New Jersey (VSV‐NJ). We have recently demonstrated biological VSV‐NJ transmission by black flies using animal models. In the study described here, we tested the vector competence of colonized and wild black flies for the vesicular stomatitis virus, serotype Indiana (VSV‐IN). A 1998 equine isolate was used. After a 10 day incubation period, saliva from experimentally infected Simulium vittatum and S. notatum was individually collected and tested for the presence of infectious virus. Virus was detected in the saliva of both species following oral infection, indicating that they are competent laboratory vectors of VSV‐IN. In addition, the results suggest that the black fly gut may exert evolutionary pressures on the virus.
Validation of a high resolution NGS method for detecting spinal muscular atrophy carriers among phase 3 participants in the 1000 Genomes Project (2015)

Our process is a convenient, robust alternative to qPCR, which can easily be integrated into the analysis of large multi-gene NGS carrier screens.
Robust control for carriage drum printer (1994)

A dynamic controller is developed for a nonlinear carriage drum printer model. The nonlinearities include static and Coulomb friction. A change in operating points also introduces other nonlinearities which can be modeled as perturbation feedbacks. Frequency weighting on the input is used to achieve decoupling between the carriage and drum systems. The H/sub 2/ suboptimal control theory is the basis for calculation of the proposed dynamic controller. The H/sub 2/ controller design theory is modified by parameterizing the state matrix by the operating point parameter variation which is realized by a table lookup routine. Another approach using the H/sub /spl infin// optimal criteria is developed as a comparison to the H/sub 2/ based controller.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Stiff‐person syndrome: An autoimmune disease (1991)

Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is characterized by progressive, usually symmetric rigidity of the axial muscles with superimposed painful spasms precipitated by tactile stimuli, passive stretch, volitional movement of affected or unaffected muscles, startling noises, and emotional stimuli. Electromyography demonstrates continuous normal motor unit potentials in the affected muscles. Both the rigidity and the spasms are relieved by sleep, general anesthesia, myoneural blockade, peripheral nerve blockade, and partially by diazepam. Evidence for an autoimmune etiology of SPS includes its association with other autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies and the presence of antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of many affected patients. We describe two patients with this syndrome who had GAD antibodies in both CSF and serum. Partial relief of the symptoms in these patients by corticosteroid therapy provides additional evidence of an autoimmune etiology of SPS and of the role of immunotherapy in its treatment.
Vinyl polymerization. 422. Initiation mechanism of uncatalyzed polymerization by polyethyleneglycol (1984)

Abstract The initiation mechanism on the radical polymerization of vinyl monomers by polyethyleneglycol (PEG‐300) in aqueous solution was studied. The initiating radical species were determined by means of the spin trapping technique. They were concluded to be generated by the hydrogen atom transfer from the monomer adsorbed at the ether group of PEG‐300 to the free monomer.
Singer Identification Based On Accompaniment Sound Reduction And Reliable Frame Selection. (2005)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Enhanced expression and activity of DNA polymerase beta in chronic myelogenous leukemia. (2006)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by an initial chronic phase that invariably evolves to the more aggressive phase of blast crisis. Although the determinants of this transition are still unknown, it has been shown that the blast crisis is accompanied by genetic instability.The expression and activity of the error-prone DNA polymerase beta (pol beta) were investigated in blood samples from CML patients, by Western blotting and by an in vitro replication assay, respectively.Pol beta expression and activity were significantly higher in CML samples compared to those of healthy donors.Our results suggest that the excess of pol beta in CML could contribute to the genetic instability observed during the evolution of the disease from the chronic phase to blast crisis.
CGP-48506 increases contractility of ventricular myocytes and myofilaments by effects on actin-myosin reaction (1996)

We measured the effects of the benzodiazocine derivative, CGP-48506 (5-methyl-6-phenyl-1,3,5,6-tetrahydro-3,6-methano-1, 5-benzodiazocine-2,4-dione), on contraction of intact myocytes and permeabilized fibers of rat ventricular muscle. CGP-48506 is unique in that it is able to sensitize cardiac myofilaments to Ca2+, but unlike all other agents in this class, it is not an inhibitor of type III phosphodiesterase. When added to isolated intact myocytes, CGP-48506 significantly increased the amplitude of cell shortening with little or no change in the Ca2+ transient, as determined by the fluorescence ratio of fura 2. The late phase of the relation between fura 2 ratio and cell length was shifted to the left in the presence of CGP-48506. CGP-48506 also induced a relatively small decrease in diastolic length. However, compared with the thiadiazinone EMD-57033, CGP-48506 had a much smaller effect on diastolic length at concentrations in which there was a bigger inotropic effect. When added to solutions bathing detergent-extracted (skinned) fiber bundles, CGP-48506 increased maximum force. CGP-48506 also increased submaximal force and shifted the pGa-force relation to the left. However, compared with EMD-57033, there was less of an effect of CGP-48506 on force at relatively high pCa values. CGP-48506 did not alter Ca2+ binding to myofilament troponin C. CGP-48506 was able to reverse inhibition of contraction induced by butanedione monoxime both in intact cells and in skinned fiber bundles. Our results indicate that CGP-48506, like EMD-57033, is a positive inotropic agent working through a direct effect downstream from troponin C. CGP-48506, however, appears to have a unique mechanism resulting in less effect on diastolic function.
Effect of denosumab versus zoledronic acid in patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases: Subgroup analyses by prior SRE and baseline pain. (2011)

4533 Background: Bone metastases from castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are associated with osteoclast-mediated bone destruction and skeletal-related events (SREs). Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody against RANKL, a key mediator of osteoclast formation, function, and survival. Previous results from a phase III trial showed denosumab was superior to zoledronic acid (ZA) in delaying or preventing SREs (pathologic fracture, radiation or surgery to bone, or spinal cord compression) in patients with bone metastases from CRPC. This analysis assesses the effect of denosumab vs ZA treatment among patients with earlier stage CRPC - those with no prior SRE or no/mild pain at baseline. Methods: Patients with CRPC and ≥1 bone metastasis and no prior IV bisphosphonate use were randomized to receive either SC denosumab 120 mg + IV placebo or SC placebo + IV ZA 4 mg (adjusted for creatinine clearance) every 4 weeks. Patients also were instructed to take calcium and vitamin D supplements. Time to 1st on-study SRE (primary endpoint) and time to 1st and subsequent SRE (multiple event analysis) were evaluated in patients with no prior SRE or no/mild pain. The Brief Pain Inventory – Short Form (BPI) was used to assess worst pain scores at baseline. A score of 0 to 4 on the BPI indicates no or mild pain. Results: Of the 1901 patients enrolled (n = 950 denosumab; n = 951 ZA), 1438 were in the subgroup of patients with no prior SRE and 1045 were in the subgroup with no/mild pain (BPI score 0 to 4) at baseline. As compared with ZA, denosumab treatment significantly delayed the time to 1st SRE for the overall population (HR = 0.82 [0.71, 0.95]; P = 0.008), as well as in both subgroups of patients with earlier disease: no prior SRE (HR = 0.80 [0.67, 0.95]; P = 0.011) or no/mild pain at baseline (HR = 0.77 [0.63, 0.95]; P = 0.014). Similar results also were noted with denosumab vs ZA treatment for the time to 1st and subsequent SREs (P ≤ 0.007 for all groups). Conclusions: Denosumab treatment in patients with earlier stage CRPC significantly reduced SREs.
P2‐140: GENOME‐WIDE LINKAGE ANALYSIS OF CARIBBEAN HISPANIC PUERTO RICAN FAMILIES SUPPORTS EVIDENCE OF LINKAGE TO C9ORF72 REGION OF CHROMOSOME 9 (2019)

The ancestral heterogeneity (admixture) of Caribbean Hispanics (CHI) makes studies of CHI population critical in discovery of ancestry-specific genetic factors in Alzheimer disease (AD). In this study we analyzed twenty-five multiplex CHI Puerto Rican (PR) families using ancestral-aware genome-wide linkage analysis with the goal of identifying genomic regions and their ancestral backgrounds segregating with disease that are likely to contain risk or protective genes for PR AD. Genome-wide array genotyping of 95 individuals (69 affected) from 25 families was used for linkage analysis. Models assuming autosomal dominant inheritance included: 1) parametric two-point affecteds-only and age-dependent penetrance models, and 2) parametric multipoint affecteds-only and age-dependent penetrance models, and 3) nonparametric multipoint model. Linkage analyses were implemented in the MERLIN software. Local ancestry was estimated using SHAPEIT followed by RFMix. Regions previously identified in AD linkage scan (PSEN1, PSEN2, APP, MAPT, APOE) showed no evidence of linkage in these data. A locus at 9q21.1-9p13.3 produced a linkage LOD score of 3.9 across all families in the parametric affected-only dominant multipoint model. Two-point affecteds-only dominant parametric model results were also supportive for this region (HLOD=2.6 at rs1408466). The region overlaps a previously reported linkage peak in an independent set of non-Hispanic White AD families (NHW). The haplotypes segregating with the disease in the PR families had European ancestral background, further supporting this linkage peak in the NHW population. The linkage region also includes several AD candidate genes, C9orf72, VCP, and CDKN2A. However, we did not observe the previously reported C9orf72 hexanucleotide (GGGGCC)n repeat expansion in the PR group. These data do not exclude a different variant in C9orf 72 contributing to the AD linkage signal. Linkage analysis of CHI PR families extended evidence for a LOAD susceptibility gene on chromosome 9 and confirmed a previously reported linkage to 9p21.3 in NHW families. Twenty-five families included in these study are undergoing whole-genome sequencing. To delineate the genetic effect at the linked region, variants located in the linkage region will be primary candidates for examination as potential risk or protective factors in AD.
Piezoelectric transformers for low-voltage generation of gas discharges and ionic winds in atmospheric air (2015)

To generate a gas discharge (plasma) in atmospheric air requires an electric field that exceeds the breakdown threshold of ∼30 kV/cm. Because of safety, size, or cost constraints, the large applied voltages required to generate such fields are often prohibitive for portable applications. In this work, piezoelectric transformers are used to amplify a low input applied voltage (&amp;lt;30 V) to generate breakdown in air without the need for conventional high-voltage electrical equipment. Piezoelectric transformers (PTs) use their inherent electromechanical resonance to produce a voltage amplification, such that the surface of the piezoelectric exhibits a large surface voltage that can generate corona-like discharges on its corners or on adjacent electrodes. In the proper configuration, these discharges can be used to generate a bulk air flow called an ionic wind. In this work, PT-driven discharges are characterized by measuring the discharge current and the velocity of the induced ionic wind with ionic winds generated using input voltages as low as 7 V. The characteristics of the discharge change as the input voltage increases; this modifies the resonance of the system and subsequent required operating parameters.
Impact of bone and cartilage segmentation from CT and MRI on both bone forearm osteotomy planning (2023)

This study indicates that although bone realignment remained largely similar when using MRI with and without cartilage information compared to using CT, the small differences in segmentation could induce statistically and clinically significant differences in the osteotomy planning. We also showed that endochondral cartilage might be a non-negligible factor when planning osteotomies for young patients.
Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Chiral Tertiary Alcohols from 1,3-Dienes and Ketones (2019)

Key words copper catalysis - 1,3-dienes - allylation - chiral tertiary alcohols
Supplementary Tables 1-3, Figures 1-6 and Methods from Oxygen Is a Master Regulator of the Immunogenicity of Primary Human Glioma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-3, Figures 1-6 and Methods from Oxygen Is a Master Regulator of the Immunogenicity of Primary Human Glioma Cells
Ephrin-A5 induces rounding, blebbing and de-adhesion of EphA3-expressing 293T and melanoma cells by CrkII and Rho-mediated signalling (2002)

Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and ephrins regulate morphogenesis in the developing embryo where they effect adhesion and motility of interacting cells. Although scarcely expressed in adult tissues, Eph receptors and ephrins are overexpressed in a range of tumours. In malignant melanoma, increased Eph and ephrin expression levels correlate with metastatic progression. We have examined cellular and biochemical responses of EphA3-expressing melanoma cell lines and human epithelial kidney 293T cells to stimulation with polymeric ephrin-A5 in solution and with surfaces of defined ephrin-A5 densities. Within minutes, rapid reorganisation of the actin and myosin cytoskeleton occurs through activation of RhoA, leading to the retraction of cellular protrusions, membrane blebbing and detachment, but not apoptosis. These responses are inhibited by monomeric ephrin-A5, showing that receptor clustering is required for this EphA3 response. Furthermore, the adapter CrkII, which associates with tyrosine-phosphorylated EphA3 in vitro, is recruited in vivo to ephrin-A5-stimulated EphA3. Expression of an SH3-domain mutated CrkII ablates cell rounding, blebbing and detachment. Our results suggest that recruitment of CrkII and activation of Rho signalling are responsible for EphA3-mediated cell rounding, blebbing and de-adhesion, and that ephrin-A5-mediated receptor clustering and EphA3 tyrosine kinase activity are essential for this response.