gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atrial fibrillatory rate and risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation (2009)

Atrial fibrillatory rate obtained from surface ECG lead V1 is not a risk marker for stroke in AF.
Emerging therapies for Parkinsonʼs disease (2012)

A variety of medical and nonmedical interventions in different phases of clinical development provide an interesting and promising portfolio of emerging therapies for Parkinson's disease.
A Fluid Mechanics Approach to the Labyrinth Seal Leakage Problem (1960)

The paper describes investigations of labyrinth seals carried out recently; derives new theoretical and semi-theoretical formulas for computation of the leakage which agree within 5 per cent with the tests for three different types of seals; off-design performance of the seals is treated theoretically and experimentally.
Guia de referencia anti-branqueamento de capitais e de combate ao financiamento do terrorismo (2004)

Efforts to launder money and finance terrorism have been evolving rapidly in recent years in response to heightened countermeasures. The international community has witnessed the use of increasingly sophisticated methods to move illicit funds through financial systems across the globe and has acknowledged the need for improved multilateral cooperation to fight these criminal activities. This second edition is to serve as a single, comprehensive source of practical information for countries to fight money laundering and terrorist financing. It discusses the problems caused by these crimes, the specific actions countries need to take to address them and the role international organizations play in the process. The report is organized as follows: Part A of this Reference Guide describes the problem of money laundering and terrorist financing, their adverse consequences, and the benefits of an effective regime. It also identifies the relevant international standard-setting organizations and discusses their specific efforts and instruments that fight these activities. Part B describes the various elements that are part of a comprehensive legal and institutional framework for anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism for any country. This part of the Reference Guide is a step-by-step approach to achieve compliance with international standards, although it does not dictate the specific methods or actions to be adopted. Rather, it raises the issues that must be addressed and discusses the options that a country has in order to resolve these issues. Part C describes the role of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) in the global effort and the coordination of technical assistance available to countries in order to help them achieve compliance with international standards. Each chapter is a self-contained discussion of the topics covered in that chapter with detailed references to background and original source materials. Annexes I, II and III provide complete citations to reference materials.
STAR, J. L., ESTES, J. E. & McGWIRE, K. C. (eds) 1997. Integration of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing. Topics in Remote Sensing Series no. 5. xvii + 225 pp. Cambridge, New York, Port Chester, Melbourne, Sydney: Cambridge University Press. Price £35.00, US $49.95 (hard covers). ISBN 0 521 44032 7. (1998)

STAR, J. L., ESTES, J. E. &amp; McGWIRE, K. C. (eds) 1997. Integration of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing. Topics in Remote Sensing Series no. 5. xvii + 225 pp. Cambridge, New York, Port Chester, Melbourne, Sydney: Cambridge University Press. Price £35.00, US $49.95 (hard covers). ISBN 0 521 44032 7. - Volume 135 Issue 1
Critical Heat Flux Enhancement of Boiling in Narrow Gap with Application of Temperature Distribution on Heating Surface (2018)

This paper proposed a promising method to increase the critical heat flux during the boiling of water in narrow gap. Materials with different thermal properties were alternately arranged near the heat transfer surface in heat transfer block and a temperature distribution is given to heat transfer surface in saturated pool boiling in narrow gaps for water. It was expected that critical heat flux was enhanced by mutual interference of different boiling modes. Such an enhanced method of CHF was proposed. Measurement was carried out for 20 mm rectangular heat transfer surface, gap size of 0.5 - 2.0 mm.
Higher cognitive functions: memory and reasoning (2012)

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a sophisticated approach for interfering with human memory and reasoning due to its ability to transiently interfere with the functions of the specialized cortical network, especially when applied as repetitive (r)TMS. This article reviews TMS studies dealing with short-term retention, working memory, and with the episodic component of declarative memory. It also considers certain aspects of semantic memory and nonverbal reasoning. Furthermore, it discusses methodological considerations about the experimental designs, which can be used for the investigation of human cognitive functions. This article emphasizes the fact that higher cognitive functions provide an example as to how underlying physiological mechanisms cannot be fully disclosed by investigations based on a single technique. Studies to develop a true multimodal approach are being undertaken. In this light, behavioural interference studies will gain new power in combination with disruptive and correlational methodologies, establishing causality in a more sophisticated manner.
Design of Iterative Demapping Schedules for Reduced-Complexity BICM-ID with Binary LDPC Codes and Orthogonal Modulations (2021)

LDPC-coded modulations are attractive solutions for many communications links. BICM provides a very simple, flexible yet effective way of combining binary channel codes with non-binary modulations. However, iterative demapping is sometimes necessary to increase the coding gains. This is especially the case for orthogonal modulations where the "BICM capacity" falls far away from the coded modulation capacity. Unfortunately, iterative demapping results in a significant computational cost. A pragmatic solution to reduce this computational cost aims at restricting the number of demapping activations. In this article, a strategy to compute the minimum number of demapping activations necessary for a target estimated BER performance is presented and results are introduced for BICM-ID with binary LDPC-coded orthogonal modulations. Iterative demap-ping schedules optimized for a limited number of demapper activations are designed and evaluated in the finite code length regime.
P016 Daytime light exposure predicts better mood-, sleep- and circadian-related outcomes in &gt;8,000 UK Biobank participants (2021)

Abstract Introduction Light has powerful effects on mood, sleep, and the circadian system. Humans evolved in an environment with a clear distinction between day and night, but our modern lighting environments have blurred this distinction. While the disruptive effects of night time light exposure are well described, the potential positive effects of daytime light exposure on these systems are less well studied. Method Participants were a subset of the UK Biobank cohort who were invited to complete a seven day wrist-worn actimetry and light sensor study (n = 8,372, 61% female, age range: 39–70). Hierarchical linear models assessed the association between average daytime light exposure and mood-, sleep- and circadian-related outcomes, adjusted for age, sex, and season of assessment. Results Greater daytime light exposure was associated with earlier chronotype (p &amp;lt; .001), greater ease of getting up in the morning (p &amp;lt; .001), lower odds of using antidepressant medication (p &amp;lt; .001), less frequent low-mood (p = .002), less frequent anhedonia (p &amp;lt; .001), greater happiness (p &amp;lt; .001), less frequent insomnia symptoms (p = .01) and less frequent tiredness (p &amp;lt; .001). Conclusions In the largest study to-date, we observe that greater daytime light predicts better outcomes across a range of mood-, sleep- and circadian-related measures. Our findings are consistent with the known effects of light on the circadian system, whereby greater daytime light enhances the strength of the rhythm allowing for greater distinction between sleep and wake states. These findings
Mechanisms mediating substance P-induced contraction in the rat iris in vitro. (2000)

Substance P produces a potent contraction in the isolated rat iris that seems to depend on the neural release of acetylcholine by tetrodotoxin-sensitive mechanisms. Its response relies largely on external Ca2+, through mechanisms independent of activation of L- or N-type Ca2+ channels, and is probably mediated via activation of NK3 and NK2 receptors.
Photoluminescence-excitation-correlation spectroscopic study of a high-density two-dimensional electron gas in GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As modulation-doped quantum wells (1994)

We reported the photoluminescence properties of a high-density electron gas in GaAs-${\mathrm{Al}}_{0.3}$${\mathrm{Ga}}_{0.7}$As modulation-doped quantum wells by using cw and subpicosecond excitation correlation photoluminescence techniques. The gain or loss of photoluminescence intensity was found to be closely related to the excitation intensity vs carrier concentration. There is a significant distinction between the relaxation processes of minor carriers and of the doped two-dimensional electron gas in the wells. The former takes about a constant time duration (\ensuremath{\sim}70 ps), while the latter is sensitive to the excitation intensity, and theoretically can be attributable to phonon reabsorption.
Redesigning government's role in health : lessons for Indonesia from neighboring countries (1996)

Performance in Indonesia's health sector has been disappointing, despite extensive government involvement. To improve health care, Indonesia will need to examine the role of government in improving the efficient delivery of health care services. To do this, Indonesia can take a look at the experiences of other countries. In this regard, there is much Indonesia can learn from Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines, which have encountered and, for the most part, addressed similar health problems.
Microwave and Dielectric Drying (2020)

The unique heating mechanisms of microwaves and dielectrics permit dramatic energy savings in many instances, as well as providing other benefits. Thermal conductivity often plays a lesser role in microwave and dielectric heating than in conventional heating because of the great speed with which the former heat thus reducing the time in which thermal conductivity can be effective. Heating and drying with microwave and dielectric energy is distinctly different from conventional means. The mechanism for drying with microwave and dielectric energy is quite different from that for ordinary drying. The heating mechanisms for microwave and dielectric heating are similar, but the means of achieving them are somewhat different. The means of applying microwave and dielectric energy to a work piece differ in a very significant manner. Microwave energy may be transported through free space and must be focused upon the load.
A Guanine Nucleotide-independent Inwardly Rectifying Cation Permeability Is Associated with P2Y1 Receptor Expression in Xenopus Oocytes (1996)

The functional properties of the G protein-coupled P2Y1 receptor were investigated in Xenopus oocytes. Incubation of oocytes expressing either the human or turkey P2Y1 receptor with adenine nucleotide agonists resulted in an increase in Cl- current and activation of a novel cation current with an inwardly rectifying current-voltage relationship. Activation of either the human P2Y2 (P2U-purinergic) or M1 muscarinic receptor expressed in oocytes resulted in an increase in Cl- current similar to that observed in P2Y1 receptor-expressing oocytes but had no effect on cation current. P2 receptor agonists stimulated both the cation current and Cl- current in P2Y1 receptor-expressing oocytes with EC50 values and an order of potency (2-methylthioadenosine diphosphate > 2-methylthioadenosine triphosphate (2MeSATP) > ATP > UTP) that were similar to those previously observed for activation of phospholipase C in 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells stably expressing the human or turkey P2Y1 receptor. The P2Y receptor antagonists suramin and pyridoxal phosphate 6-azophenyl-2'-4'-disulfonic acid both shifted to the right the concentration-response relationship for 2MeSATP for stimulation of oocyte currents. Although injection of oocytes with either GDPbetaS (guanyl-5'-yl thiophosphate) or GTPgammaS (guanosine 5'-3-O-(thio)triphosphate) resulted in loss of adenine nucleotide-promoted Cl- channel activation, neither guanine nucleotide altered the 2MeSATP-stimulated cation current. These data are consistent with the view that activation of the novel cation current by the P2Y1 receptor does not involve a G protein. Tail current analysis of the novel P2Y1 receptor-associated cation conductance revealed that the open channel current-voltage relationship was outwardly rectifying with a reversal potential of -38 mV for the turkey P2Y1 receptor and -36 mV for the human P2Y1 receptor. Replacement of Na+ with K+ ions in the bathing solution produced a shift in reversal potential to near zero mV, but significant outward rectification remained. The cation current was not permeable to either Ca2+ or Ba2+ and exhibited steady-state inactivation at holding potentials below -60 mV. These results indicate that the P2Y1 receptor exhibits both metabotropic properties and a novel G protein-independent ionotropic response when expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
Cobalt bottom-up contact and via prefill enabling advanced logic and DRAM technologies (2015)

This work introduces two new metallization schemes using the electroless deposition (ELD) technique; one based on contact fill and one based on via prefill. One of the key features of the electroless process is its selective deposition, which can be used for bottom-up fill of high aspect ratio features. The feasibility of this Co ELD process is demonstrated on contacts landing on W and vias landing on Cu. Our simulation of the Co via resistance shows that it can serve as alternative to Cu with lower via resistance below 15nm dimension. The results from a planar capacitor study show that there is no degraded reliability in an organo-silicate glass low-k film when Co is in direct contact with this dielectric. Therefore, selective Co ELD process for contact and via prefill has the potential to enable future scaling of advanced logic and DRAM technologies.
Selective Functionalization Blended with Scaffold Conductivity in Graphene Acid Promotes H2O2Electrochemical Sensing (2019)

The widespread industrial use of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> has provoked great interest in the development of new and more efficient materials for its detection. Enzymatic electrochemical sensors have drawn particular attention, primarily because of their excellent selectivity. However, their high cost, instability, complex immobilization, and inherent tendency toward denaturation of the enzyme significantly limit their practical usefulness. Inspired by the powerful proton-catalyzed H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> reduction mechanism of peroxidases, we have developed a well-defined and densely functionalized carboxylic graphene derivative (graphene acid, GA) that serves as a proton source and conductive electrode for binding and detecting H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. An unprecedented H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> sensitivity of 525 μA cm<sup>-2</sup> mM<sup>-1</sup> is achieved by optimizing the balance between the carboxyl group content and scaffold conductivity of GA. Importantly, the GA sensor greatly outperforms all reported carbon-based H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> sensors and is superior to enzymatic ones because of its simple immobilization, low cost, and uncompromised sensitivity even after continuous operation for 7 days. In addition, GA-based sensing electrodes remain highly selective in the presence of interferents such as ascorbic acid, paracetamol, and glucose, as well as complex matrices such as milk. GA-based sensors thus have considerable potential for use in practical industrial sensing technologies.
All-Optical Spectral Magnification of WDM Signals after 50 km of Dispersion Un-Compensated Transmission (2020)

We successfully demonstrate an optical time lens system operating on data signals that are not dispersion compensated after fiber transmission. We demonstrate 4x spectral magnification after 50 km of dispersion un-compensated transmission, with BER &lt;1E-9.
The gonadotrophin receptors: insights from the cloning of their cDNAs. (1992)

The cloning and expression of the cDNA's for the gonadotrophin hormone receptors has confirmed that these receptors are each composed of a single polypeptide which can both bind hormone and activate adenylyl cyclase when occupied with agonist. Although some studies by others have suggested that the LH/CG receptor and the FSH receptor are composed of multiple subunits (Ascoli and Segaloff 1989; Reichert and Dattatreyamurty 1989; Shin and Ji 1985a, b, and c; Smith et al. 1985; Smith et al. 1986), biochemical studies on the LH/CG receptor have shown that it is composed of a single polypeptide with a molecular weight of 93,000 when analyzed on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels in the presence or absence of disulfide reducing agents (Ascoli and Segaloff 1989). As the LH/CG receptor has been shown to be readily proteolyzed into smaller-sized fragments (Ascoli and Segaloff 1986; Ascoli and Segaloff 1989), it is reasonable to postulate that the FSH receptor may be similarly susceptible to proteolysis, and that this may account for the discrepant reports on its structure. Clearly, the molecular cloning and functional expression of the cDNA's for the rat ovarian LH/CG receptor (McFarland et al. 1989) and the rat testicular receptor (Sprengel et al. 1990) demonstrate conclusively that the gonadotrophin receptors are indeed single polypeptides. As shown schematically in Fig. 5.12, the gonadotrophin hormone receptors (together with the thyrotrophin receptor, see Frazier et al. 1990; Libert et al. 1989; Nagayami et al. 1989; Parmentier et al. 1989) define a unique subclass of G protein-coupled receptors. Thus, in addition to the seven membrane-spanning domains which appear to be the hallmark of G protein-coupled receptors, the gonadotrophin receptors (and thyrotrophin receptor) also contain large extracellular domains. These extracellular domains are composed of a repeating leucine-rich motif which is found in a number of widely-diverse proteins, collectively termed leucine-rich glycoproteins. We have shown that the extracellular domain of the LH/CG receptor is entirely responsible for binding hormone with high affinity. This is in contrast to the rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors which have relatively small amino-terminal extracellular domains and in which the ligands interact directly with amino acids within the transmembrane helices. As with other G protein-coupled receptors, however, it is thought that the gonadotrophin receptors interact with and activate Gs through residues located within the cytoplasmic loops and the amino-terminal region of the cytoplasmic tail.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Familial multiple sclerosis: Clinical, histocompatibility, and viral serological studies (1978)

Evaluation of presumed "multiple sclerosis families" and comparison with recently reported families has led us to the following observations: (1) Seven of our original fourteen presumptive multiple sclerosis families had to be eliminated after personal clinical evaluation of family members failed to confirm the diagnosis in a second close relative. (2) No segregation of HLA type was noted between affected and unaffected individuals in our seven bona fide multiple sclerosis families, and no consistent segregation was noted in the twenty-eight families reported elsewhere. This supports other genetic evidence that there is not a single, major gene mapping in the HLA complex which predisposes to multiple sclerosis. (3) The DW2 antigen was increased in frequency among affected members of our families, and the A3 B7 haplotype was more frequent among affected members of other families reported. But unaffected members also tended to have an increased frequency of these same antigens. (4) No relationship was noted between HLA type and antimeasles antibody titer within our families.
ESD protection structure with inductor-triggered SCR for RF applications in 65-nm CMOS process (2012)

To protect radio-frequency (RF) integrated circuits from electrostatic discharge (ESD) damages, silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) devices have been used as main on-chip ESD protection devices due to their high ESD robustness and low parasitic capacitance in nanoscale CMOS technologies. In this work, the SCR device assisted with an inductor to resonate at the selected frequency band for RF performance fine tune was proposed. Besides, the inductor can be also designed to improve the turn-on efficiency of the SCR device for ESD protection. Verified in a 65-nm CMOS process, the ESD protection design with the inductor-triggered SCR for 60-GHz RF applications can achieve good RF performances and high ESD robustness.
Traf2 and NCK Interacting Kinase Is a Critical Regulator of Procollagen I Trafficking and Hepatic Fibrogenesis in Mice (2021)

Hepatic fibrosis is driven by deposition of matrix proteins following liver injury. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) drive fibrogenesis, producing matrix proteins, including procollagen I, which matures into collagen I following secretion. Disrupting intracellular procollagen processing and trafficking causes endoplasmic reticulum stress and stress-induced HSC apoptosis and thus is an attractive antifibrotic strategy. We designed an immunofluorescence-based small interfering RNA (siRNA) screen to identify procollagen I trafficking regulators, hypothesizing that these proteins could serve as antifibrotic targets. A targeted siRNA screen was performed using immunofluorescence to detect changes in intracellular procollagen I. Tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 2 and noncatalytic region of tyrosine kinase-interacting kinase (TNIK) was identified and interrogated in vitro and in vivo using the TNIK kinase inhibitor NCB-0846 or RNA interference-mediated knockdown. Our siRNA screen identified nine genes whose knockdown promoted procollagen I retention, including the serine/threonine kinase TNIK. Genetic deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of TNIK through the small molecule inhibitor NCB-0846 disrupted procollagen I trafficking and secretion without impacting procollagen I expression. To investigate the role of TNIK in liver fibrogenesis, we analyzed human and murine livers, finding elevated TNIK expression in human cirrhotic livers and increased TNIK expression and kinase activity in both fibrotic mouse livers and activated primary human HSCs. Finally, we tested whether inhibition of TNIK kinase activity could limit fibrogenesis in vivo. Mice receiving NCB-0846 displayed reduced CCl<sub>4</sub> -induced fibrogenesis compared to CCl<sub>4</sub> alone, although α-smooth muscle actin levels were unaltered. Conclusions: Our siRNA screen effectively identified TNIK as a key kinase involved in procollagen I trafficking in vitro and hepatic fibrogenesis in vivo.