gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An autodissemination station for the transfer of an insect growth regulator to mosquito oviposition sites (2011)

A prototype autodissemination station to topically contaminate oviposition-seeking container-dwelling mosquitoes with the insect growth regulator, pyriproxyfen, was developed and tested in the laboratory. Our test subject was the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), an urban species that colonizes small-volume cryptic larval habitats and is a skip ovipositor that visits multiple containers. The station consists of a water reservoir to attract gravid females, which is joined to a transfer chamber designed to contaminate visiting mosquitoes. The unit is easily constructed by moulding wet shredded cardboard using corn starch as a binder. The essential criteria that must be met to prove the efficacy of an autodissemination station require it to demonstrate effectiveness in attracting the target insect, in transferring the toxicant to the insect that will disperse the agent, and in facilitating the subsequent transfer of the toxicant from the insect to target habitats at a lethal concentration. Cage experiments demonstrated that the unit was readily accepted by gravid females as an oviposition site. A powder formulation of pyriproxyfen-impregnated silica particles adhered to visiting Ae. albopictus females (mean: 66 particles/female), although particles were lost over time. In cage (2.2 m(3) ) trials, pyriproxyfen-charged stations resulted in 100% inhibition of adult emergence, whereas in small-room (31.1 m(3) ) trials, 81% emergence inhibition was recorded. The venereal transfer of pyriproxyfen from contaminated males to virgin females was also observed, and pyriproxyfen was subsequently transferred to water-holding containers at concentrations that inhibited emergence. Key autodissemination station features include lack of maintenance requirements, biodegradable construction, low cost and low risk.
Studies on the Lipoprotein Lipases of Microorganisms (1967)

About 2000 strains of microorganisms were examined for lipoprotein lipase producibilities and some microorganisms were found to produce lipases similar to animal lipoprotein lipases. Microorganisms were cultured on solid media containing a serum-activated olive oil emulsion, and strains which formed a clear zone around the colony were collected. The collected microorganisms were cultured on liquid media containing 0.5% of olive oil by shaking and the culture filtrates were tested for lipoprotein lipase activity by a turbidity method. The superior lipoprotein lipase producers obtained belonged to genera of Serratia, Pseudomonas, Mucor, and Streptomyces.
<title>Light Levels In Ophthalmic Diagnostic Instruments</title> (1980)

Methods are presented for determining the retinal exposures produced by broad-band ophthalmic light sources and for comparing these results with safety standards developed for the safe use of lasers (ANSI, Z136.1). Measurements of exposures produced by fundus cameras and indirect ophthalmoscopes are compared with both Z136.1 maximum permissible exposure levels (MPE) and experimental retinal damage thresholds. It is found that while the retinal exposures used in fundus photography are below MPEs, the irradiances used in indirect ophthalmoscopy may actually equal or exceed current MPEs. Methods are suggested for reducing retinal irradiance while maintaining retinal image luminance, and emphasis is placed on the importance of both acquainting the users of ophthalmic devices with any potential retinal hazard and providing the users and designers of ophthalmic devices with realistic protection standards.
On-board maintenance for long-life systems (2002)

Due to the low power, low cost, high reliability and high performance goals, the traditional approaches to fault-tolerant, ultra-reliable systems that rely on custom-built hardware and extensive component/subsystem replication will not be feasible for the new-generation spaceborne computing systems. In this paper, we present a new concept called "on-board maintenance". We classify on-board maintenance into three categories: preventive maintenance, perfective maintenance and corrective maintenance. For each type, we present its definition and propose some approaches to its realization.
Alternative design strategy and multi-material integration in the development of biologically-inspired soft robots: a proof-of-concept (2020)

Abstract This study investigates the feasibility and consequences of using complex, nonlinear geometries in the manufacturing of soft robots actuated with shape memory alloys (SMAs). Anatomically-informed shaping of the functional elements was exploited to design the components of a finger-like soft robot. The SMAs were characterised and selected to provide the device actuation. This process involved thermo-mechanical tests to obtain material parameters for a finite element method model, which was then used to carry out a comparative analysis of different actuator shapes. Additive manufacturing and multi-material integration were then exploited to manufacture the device. The soft robot actuation was characterised using a combined thermal and motion-capture-based analysis. The paper presents a shape-mediated design strategy to obtain soft actuation in an integrated multi-material through the introduction of conjugated nonlinear shapes for the constituents and a spatially-changing relationship between their sections/stiffnesses.
Molecular biology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (1998)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) represents the quintessential example of a human malignancy which is caused principally by defects that prevent cell turnover due to programmed cell death (PCD) rather than by alternations in cell cycle regulation. In the vast majority of patients, CLL cells are predominantly G0 quiescent cells that gradually accumulate in the patient's body, not because they are dividing more rapidly than normal, but because they are surviving too long. As such, the genetics of CLL seem likely to teach us much about the molecular mechanisms that regulate PCD. Moreover, since defects in the pathway for PCD can render neoplastic cells resistant to the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation, investigations of the molecular biology of CLL may also prove informative for gaining a better understanding of drug- and radiation-resistance mechanisms. In this article, I review some of the current knowledge about the molecular biology of CLL with a particular emphasis on cytogenetic abnormalities associated with these leukemias and the role of deregulated cell death in the pathogenesis of these neoplastic disorders of mature B and occasionally T lymphocytes.
Phase II study of oxaliplatin in patients with unresectable, metastatic or recurrent hepatocellular cancer (2005)

4161 Background: Prolonged survival for patients with unresectable HCC has remained elusive, with median overall survival consistently lower than 6 months. Oxaliplatin has recently demonstrated promise in HCC, and the aim of this study is to examine the response rate, survival, time to progression and toxicity in patients with poor prognosis HCC treated with single agent oxaliplatin. Methods: Patients were required to have measurable recurrent, metastatic or unresectable HCC, exposed to no more than 2 prior chemotherapy regimens. Prior radiation, chemoembolization, and/or alcohol injections were permitted. Karnofsky performance of 70% or above and adequate organ and hematologic function were required. All patients (pts) received treatment with oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 on day 1 and 15 as a two hour IV infusion and were pretreated with antiemetics. Treatment was repeated every 28 days. Results: Thirty four patients have been enrolled and thirty two eligible patients are evaluable for response; there are seventeen Caucasians, three African-American, and fourteen Asians, with 28 males and 6 females. Median age at study entry was 60 years, range (21–84). Karnofsky performance status was 70/80/90/100% in 4/10/7/13 pts; All patients had previous surgery. Among the 32 evaluable pts, one had a PR and twelve had stable disease. Of the remaining 19 patients, 18 had disease progression and 1 had UPR.Overall, median time to progression or death on this study is 2 months; the overall median survival is 6 months. Six month survival is 51% (95% CI 34%–77%) and 6 month event-free survival is 16% (95% CI 6%–42%). Grade III toxicities included neutropenia (2), anemia (1), fatigue (4), transaminitis (8), hyperbilirubinemia (1), elevated alkaline phosphatase (2), hyperglycemia (1), hyponatremia (2), and neuropathy (1). Conclusion: Oxaliplatin as a single agent has demonstrated potential activity in the treatment of poor prognosis HCC, although the majority of patients did not achieve a partial response a significant number had stable disease with a favorable toxicity profile. The combination of oxaliplatin and other agents, may have better efficacy in this patient population. (Supported by CA62505 and N01-CM17101) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
In vivo quantification of cell-surface receptors in solid cancers: two imaging agents are better than one (2015)

Variability in physiology amongst tumors can significantly influence nonspecific delivery and retention of cancer targeted imaging agents. Here, the administration of a second, untargeted agent is explored to account for nonspecific effects, allowing quantitative analyses.
Microfluidics in Surface Modified PDMS : Towards Miniaturized Diagnostic Tools (2006)

There is a strong trend in fabricating miniaturized total analytical systems, µTAS, for various biochemical and cell biology applications. These miniaturized systems could e.g. gain better separation performances, be faster, consume less expensive reagents and be used for studies that are difficult to access in the macro world. Disposable µTAS eliminate the risk of carry-over and can be fabricated to a low cost. This work focused on the development of µTAS modules with the intentional use for miniaturized diagnostics. Modules for blood separation, desalting, enrichment, separation and ESI-MS detection were successfully fabricated. Surface coatings were additionally developed and evaluated for applications in µTAS with complex biological samples. The first heparin coating could be easily immobilized in a one-step-process, whereas the second heparin coating was aimed to form a hydrophilic surface that was able to draw blood or plasma samples into a microfluidic system by capillary forces. The last mentioned heparin surface was further utilized when developing a chip-based sensor for performing CD4-count in human blood, an important marker to determine the stage of an HIV-infection. All devices in this work were fabricated in PDMS, an elastomeric polymer with the advantage of rapid and less expensive prototyping of the microfabricated master. It was shown that PDMS could be considered as the material of choice for future commercial µTAS. The devices were intentionally produced using a low grade of fabrication complexity. It was however demonstrated that even with low complexity, it is possible to integrate several functional chip modules into a single microfluidic device.
Low-Power Vertically Stacked One Time Programmable Multibit IGZO-Based BEOL Compatible Ferroelectric TFT Memory Devices with Lifelong Retention for Monolithic 3D-Inference Engine Applications (2023)

This article demonstrates indium gallium zinc oxide-based onetime programmable ferroelectric memory devices with multilevel coding and lifelong retention capability. The entire integration process was conducted in the back-end- of-line with a maximum process temperature of 350°C. The fabricated devices demonstrate data retention up to 104 seconds, which was used to estimate the retention property up to 108 seconds. We observed a marginal drop in channel current after 108 seconds, which makes them suitable for inference engine application. The compatibility with the back-end-of line process enables monolithic 3D integration of the devices with standard technology. We have evaluated the performance of this indium gallium zinc oxide-based onetime programmable ferroelectric thin film transistor for inference engine applications. The system-level simulation was performed to gauge the performance of the devices as synapses in multilevel perceptron-based neural networks. The synaptic devices could achieve 97% for inferenceonly applications with MNIST data. The accuracy degradation was also limited to 1.5% over 10 years without retraining. The proposed inference engine also showed superior energy efficiency and cell area of 95.33 TOPS/W (binary) and 16F2, respectively.
The Escherichia coli mraY gene encoding UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide: undecaprenyl-phosphate phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide transferase (1991)

Amplification of the mraY gene, previously called open reading frame Y (ORF-Y, 1,080 bp), at 2 min in the chromosome map of Escherichia coli enhanced the activity of UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide: undecaprenyl-phosphate phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide transferase (EC 2.7.8.13). This enzyme catalyzes the formation of undecaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide from UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide and undecaprenyl-phosphate, the first step in the lipid cycle reactions in biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycans. The enhanced enzyme activity was sensitive to tunicamycin, and the amino tunicamycin-sensitive N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Very probably mraY is the structural gene for the above enzyme.
BodyFusion: Real-Time Capture of Human Motion and Surface Geometry Using a Single Depth Camera (2017)

We propose BodyFusion, a novel real-time geometry fusion method that can track and reconstruct non-rigid surface motion of a human performance using a single consumer-grade depth camera. To reduce the ambiguities of the non-rigid deformation parameterization on the surface graph nodes, we take advantage of the internal articulated motion prior for human performance and contribute a skeleton-embedded surface fusion (SSF) method. The key feature of our method is that it jointly solves for both the skeleton and graph-node deformations based on information of the attachments between the skeleton and the graph nodes. The attachments are also updated frame by frame based on the fused surface geometry and the computed deformations. Overall, our method enables increasingly denoised, detailed, and complete surface reconstruction as well as the updating of the skeleton and attachments as the temporal depth frames are fused. Experimental results show that our method exhibits substantially improved nonrigid motion fusion performance and tracking robustness compared with previous state-of-the-art fusion methods. We also contribute a dataset for the quantitative evaluation of fusion-based dynamic scene reconstruction algorithms using a single depth camera.
Characterization of environmental stress responses during early development of Pringlea antiscorbutica in the field at Kerguelen (2004)

• Early development of Kerguelen cabbage (Pringlea antiscorbutica) was studied in the Kerguelen archipelago, its natural habitat, and under laboratory conditions. Polyamines, which are involved in developmental processes and responses to stress in several plant species, were used as markers of physiological status of P. antiscorbutica seedlings. • Analysis under laboratory conditions of responses to low water availability and to salinity enabled identification of major environmental constraints restricting seedling development in the subantarctic region. • Salt stress was found to modify polyamine distribution between seedling organs, in controlled experiments and in the field, thus indicating that polyamine responses to salt stress were functional in the field at Kerguelen. By contrast, exposure to low water availability induced different polyamine responses in controlled experiments and in the field. • The present work thus shows that, under certain conditions, polyamine concentrations can be used as a marker of specific stress responses of seedlings in the field. Discrepancies are discussed in terms of growth conditions in the laboratory and of combined stresses in natural habitats.
Ketone Body Production and Excretion During Wellness Fasting (2017)

The importance of ketone body metabolism in diabetic patients has been known since the 1970s, but recently -hydroxybutyrate (HB) has been identified as a key component of a metabolic signaling pathway. However, many questions remain unanswered about individual differences in the production and excretion of ketone bodies. Objectives: Fourteen healthy subjects were admitted in the ARSOA Wellness Fasting program. During a 4-day fasting period, they received a combination of very low-energy vegetarian diet, physical exercise, meditation, and lectures about healthy lifestyles. Methods: Every morning, participants measured their body composition, blood glucose, and -hydroxybutyrate (HB). The first urine of the day was analyzed for HB, glucose, pH and 7 other elements. Ten milliliters of urine were deep frozen for further quantitative analysis. Peripheral blood was collected on days 1 and 4 for routine biochemical analyses and for the determination of serum levels of hormones. All data were collated in an Microsoft Excel file, and transferred to SPSS for statistical analysis. Results: Ketone bodies in the blood increased from 0.30.2 mM at day 1 to 1.80.9 mM at day 4 of fasting, while the glucose level decreased from 5.81.9 mM to 4.51.5 mM. Increases in peripheral blood HB were assigned to 3 groups (0.8-1.2 mM, 1.3-1.8 mM, 1.8-4.8 mM). Pass analysis suggested that decreased insulin and glucose levels under 4.5 mM both seemed to trigger ketogenesis. The HB/Acetoacetate (AcAc) ratio in blood was about 5, regardless of the HB concentration, but the range varied from 0.56 to 3.36 in the urine. The highest excreted concentration of HB was 597 mmol/g creatinine. These values returned to normal ranges on the 14 th day (10 days after fasting). Changes in blood ketone bodies significantly correlated with total thyroxin, while urinary epinephrine changes correlated with urinary ketone bodies. Ketone body production seemed to cause hepatic and renal damage, as indicated by a slight alteration in markers of hepatic function and a 12% decrease in eGFR. Conclusions: Four days of fasting induces hyperketosis with some metabolic changes. The magnitude of changes in ketone body concentrations correlates with the levels of insulin, glucose, triacylglycerol and several hormones. The urinary excretion of HB abruptly increased in group 3 (more than 1.8 mM). It was 100 times higher than the blood HB concentration. Further studies are necessary to establish the safety of fasting as a way to induce hyperketosis for therapeutic needs. Our observations of a slight decrease in hepatic function and a 12% decrease in eGFR call for caution.
Virtual navigation of complex scenes using clusters of cylindrical panoramic images (1998)

The traditional approach of generating novel virtual views of an object or a scene is to render the appropriate 3-D model. The alternative is to render directly from the original images; this approach, which is based on pixel interpolation or reprojection, is called image-based rendering. In this paper, we describe a technique that enables virtual navigation within a complex environment using an image-based rendering technique. In particular, we make use of clusters of cylindrical panoramic images. Each cluster of panoramic images allows the user to smoothly navigate within a particular area, say within a single room. Having a collection of such interconnected clusters would enable the user to seamlessly navigate within a complex environment, such as an entire floor of a building, with each cluster representing a room. To achieve this goal, we examine a few techniques for image-based rendering using a cluster of cylindrical panoramic images to synthesize views from virtual viewpoints. We also describe our method for enabling smooth transition between clusters.
Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicity Studies with the β-Adrenoceptor Antagonist Levobunolol (1992)

The chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of levobunolol, a nonselective β-adrenoceptor antagonist, was evaluated in Swiss mice and Wistar rats. The drug was administered in the diet to mice at 0, 12, 50, and 200 mg/kg/day for 80 weeks and to rats at 0, 0.5, 2, 5, 30, and 180 mg/kg/day for 2 years. In mice, uterine leiomyomas were present in 4 of 50 females at 200 mg/kg but not in any other group. The incidences of other tumor types, as well as pathologic findings, were comparable among groups. In rats, significant body weight gain suppression occurred at 5, 30, and 180 mg/kg. Brown discoloration of perianal fur and steel-gray discoloration of hairless skin were evident in high-dose rats. A generalized steel-gray discoloration of internal organs and tissues occurred in the 30 and 180 mg/kg groups. No other differences between treated and control groups were evident. The clinical relevance of the increased incidence of uterine leiomyoma in mice is questionable because it occurred only in one species at more than 200 times the projected therapeutic dose.
Supplementary Table 2 from Essential Role of the Linear Ubiquitin Chain Assembly Complex in Lymphoma Revealed by Rare Germline Polymorphisms (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file 42K, Co-occurrence of RNF31 SNPs with other genetic lesions in ABC DLBCL cases&lt;/p&gt;
Ham quality evaluation assisted by gas chromatography ion mobility spectrometry (2017)

In recent years, Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry (GC-IMS) has been successfully employed in food science as a control technique for the prevention of fraud according to food and labeling regulations. In this work, we propose the use of GC-IMS technique to assess the quality of Iberian ham with regard to the Iberian Pig's diet (either nourished with feed or with acorns). For this purpose, we have acquired a dataset composed of 53 samples of Iberian ham from different food providers using a commercial GC-IMS (FlavourSpec, from G.A.S. Dortmund, Germany). Intensive signal pre-processing for GC-IMS was applied to the raw data. This dataset was employed to create four Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLSDA) models corresponding to different train/test partitions of the dataset. Nearly perfect classification rates (above 91 %) were obtained for each partition of the dataset, denoting the high power of GC-IMS to characterize food samples.
Three-Step Synthetic Methodology to a New Family of Polylithium Salts for Lithium-ion Batteries (2009)

We report a convenient three-step synthetic route to access a new class of low lattice energy polylithium (PLI) salts, which consist of a 3D core (scaffold) substituted with three to four lithium sulfonimide moieties. The salts were characterized by 1H-NMR, FTIR and elemental analysis. Thermal stability of the salts was tested using thermogravimetric analysis. Cyclic voltammetry studies of these salts were conducted in 1:1 weight ratio of ethylene carbonate (EC) dimethyl carbonate (DMC) solvent mixture. All the salts exhibited excellent thermal and reasonable oxidative stability. PLI-1 showed the best salt, with ambient temperature ionic conductivity of 4.3x10-3 S/cm at 0.30 M concentration in 1:1 w/w EC/DMC and a cationic transference number of 0.59.