gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Building of Usage Scenarios Space for Investigating the Fall Situations of the Elderly People (2013)

Assessing the number of users defined by a set of specific usage attributes in a given usage contextual situation is not always an obvious task in a market segmentation process. Although new approaches in design and marketing seem to be more sensitive to the adequacy of a design concept with the usage scenarios, these methods do not systematically consider the various usage situations. The present article puts forward a methodology intending to build a usage scenarios space in which the input data is thoroughly collected and validated. This methodology is applied to the complex and multifactorial issue of falls among the elderly in the Metropolitan France. In this paper, numerous medical publications have been made to study influential factors of fall situations. However, even solution providers for fall prevention and teleassistance ignore the real situational coverage of their solutions. As a result, “usage scenarios space” is built using an appropriate segmentation of usage contexts (here, fall situations) and user characteristics. These data are used for a design oracle to predict (simulate) the various and multiple usage scenarios.
Improved Vitality of Experimental Random Dorsal Skin Flaps in Rats Treated with Enriched Cell Culture Medium (1999)

A defined, serum-free cell culture medium supplemented with nonsteroidal anabolic hormones, insulin, thyroxin, and growth hormone was found to accelerate wound healing by stimulating vascularized granulation tissue formation, epithelialization, and angiogenesis. The aim of this work was to study the effect of cell culture medium on the survival rate of cephalically based random dorsal skin flaps in an animal model. A total of 77 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into five treatment groups: pharmacologic delay with cell culture medium, flap enhancement with cell culture medium, surgical delay, biological delay with saline, and control. Statistically significant differences in distal flap necrosis were found among all groups (p < 0.003). The rats treated with cell culture medium before flap elevation showed a significant increase in flap viability: a survival rate of 83 percent, compared with the control group, which demonstrated a survival rate of only 58 percent (p < 0.0001). The surgical delay and the groups treated with cell culture medium yielded similar results with no significant difference between them. This study indicates that preoperative injection of cell culture medium may play a role in decreasing skin flap necrosis. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 104: 148, 1999.)
Investigating the mechanisms of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma invasion (59.9) (2014)

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly invasive disease and understanding the mechanisms involved is necessary to develop effective therapeutics to more successfully treat ESCC. p120‐catenin (p120ctn) is down‐regulated in 60% of ESCC tumors while the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the most commonly overexpressed oncogene in ESCC. We hypothesized that p120ctn and EGFR both play integral roles in modulating ESCC invasion. Down‐regulation of p120ctn and overexpression of EGFR together in esophageal keratinocytes resulted in increased migration and invasion of these cells. Further, these cells invade into the extracellular matrix of our 3D organotypic culture system only when p120ctn and EGFR are manipulated. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of gene expression microarray data generated from our 3D cultures identified cancer‐associated and metastatic genes as the most overrepresented in our datasets. We have identified a putative signaling pathway that involves PKD3 signaling through NFκB and PLAUR, resulting in increased MMP activity and invasion. We have identified increases in protein expression and activity of the components of this pathway. Knockdown of these genes will allow us to assess their role in ESCC invasion. In summary, we have identified a novel synergistic relationship between p120ctn and EGFR that involves a pathway including NFκB and PLAUR that induces ESCC invasion. Grant Funding Source : Supported by R00CA138498
Complete characterisation of pulse propagation inoptical fibres using frequency-resolved optical gating (1996)

Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) measurements have been used to characterise the propagation of picosecond pulses at a wavelength around 1.5 µm in a dispersion shifted optical fibre. These FROG measurements have allowed the direct retrieval of the intensity and phase of the output pulses from the fibre, clearly showing the effects of dispersive and nonlinear pulse shaping.
Electrospinning Zirconia Fiber From a Suspension (2006)

A zirconia suspension containing 5–10 nm size zirconia particles was modified by adding different amounts of polymer solution to enable electrospinning of zirconia fibers from a range of compositions. The electrospun fibers were heat treated at 600° and 1200°C, and analysis of size distribution reveals that zirconia fibers down to about 200 nm in diameter can be prepared in this way, in contrast to other spinning processes, which are able to produce zirconia fibers having diameters ≥3000 nm.
Inflammation and infection: imaging properties of 18F-FDG-labeled white blood cells versus 18F-FDG. (2005)

(18)F-FDG-WBCs gave better results compared with (18)F-FDG in all sterile and septic inflammation models. These data suggest that (18)F-FDG-WBC PET may be a useful technique for tracking focal inflammatory lesions in the body.
Microwave Sensing of Acoustically Induced Local Harmonic Motion: Experimental and Simulation Studies on Breast Tumor Detection (2016)

Sensing acoustically induced local harmonic motion using a microwave transceiver system may provide useful information for detecting nonpalpable tumors in dense breast tissue. For this purpose, we propose the harmonic motion microwave Doppler imaging method, in which the first harmonic of the phase modulated signal due to local harmonic motion is sensed. This signal is related to the dielectric, elastic, and acoustic properties of the vibrating region. The purpose of this paper is twofold: 1) to demonstrate the concept of this method with experiments using phantom materials mimicking the elastic and electrical properties of the breast tissue and 2) to investigate the effect of fibroglandular region size and vibration frequency on the received signal, using numerical simulations. A breast phantom with a tumor phantom inclusion (5-mm diameter and 7-mm height) inside fibroglandular region is constructed for the experimental study. The response due to a focused ultrasound probe is linearly scanned at 30-mm depth from the phantom surface, and the Doppler signal level is tracked using a spectrum analyzer. It is shown that the tumor phantom is resolvable inside the surrounding fibroglandular region with about a 3-5-dB decrease in the signal level. The simulations, using the finite-difference time-domain method, show that the received signal level depends on the relative size of the fibroglandular region with respect to the vibrating region size. Further experimental and numerical studies are needed to investigate the feasibility of this method and to optimize the imaging system design.
Monosaccharide mit stickstoffhaltigem Ring, XVII. Synthese eines stickstoffhaltigen Dimeren der D‐xylo‐Pentodialdose mit 2.6‐Dioxa‐9‐aza‐bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan‐Ringsystem (1968)

Abstract Das bei der Perjodatspaltung von 1.2‐ O ‐Isopropyliden‐α‐ D ‐glucofuranose erhaltene Reaktionsgemisch ( 3 + 4 ) reagiert mit Benzylamin zum Dimeren 5a mit 2.6‐Dioxa‐9‐aza‐bicyclo[3.3.1]‐nonan‐Ringsystem. Die symmetrische Struktur von 5a folgt aus den Reaktionen und NMR‐Daten des Acetats 5c . Hydrierung von 5a ergibt ein über die 5‐Amino‐Gruppe verknüpftes Dimeres 6a . Die kristalline Hydrogensulfit‐Additionsverbindung 2a der bisher nicht faßbaren monomeren D ‐ xylo ‐Pentodialdose 1 konnte dargestellt werden.
Computationally-assisted THz dual-comb spectroscopy using quantum cascade laser frequency combs (2016)

Utilizing the Kalman filter-based averaging scheme, we demonstrated THz dual-comb spectroscopy covering 282 GHz at ~2.8 THz with unstabilized quantum cascade laser frequency combs. The peak signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) is 60 dB within 100 us averaging.
The Fetouch System: Visual-Haptic Rendering of Fetuses (2003)

Abstract. Ultrasound technologies have been widely used in gynecology and obstetrics. Modern ultrasound systems allow the reconstruction of a 3D model of the subject being scanned. Even though visual interfaces have reached very high standards, the problem of representing a 3D image on a 2D computer screen still exists. Moreover no physical interaction is possible with such model. The Fetouch system, developed at Siena University in the last two years, partially solves such issues by using stereo visual feedback and haptic devices. While the system can be used with any 3D model obtained from ultrasound scans, its current prime use is to allow mothers to interact with a model of the fetus they are carrying. The system, which is freely available on the project web page
Bedside Videolaryngoscopic Assessment of Intubation Trauma (1989)

Telescopic laryngoscopic examination was performed at the bedside after extubation in 29 consecutive surgical intensive care unit patients who required endotracheal intubation for more than 16 hours. The examinations were documented with a portable video recording system. The majority of patients exhibited evidence of acute endolaryngeal trauma. Vocal fold ulceration and vocal fold motion abnormalities were the most common lesions. Patients with abnormal larynges were followed up after discharge from the intensive care unit. Most of the identified injuries resolved without intervention. However, silent aspiration was identified frequently in patients with vocal fold paresis and was thought to be a significant factor in postoperative pulmonary complications. Early identification of significant laryngeal trauma and/or vocal fold paresis in critically ill patients is important for both postoperative pulmonary care and voice rehabilitation. This pilot study demonstrated that documentation of the laryngeal examination is feasible in critically ill patients in an intensive care unit setting.
QuaSE: Sequence Editing under Quantifiable Guidance. (2018)

We propose the task of Quantifiable Sequence Editing (QuaSE): editing an input sequence to generate an output sequence that satisfies a given numerical outcome value measuring a certain property of the sequence, with the requirement of keeping the main content of the input sequence. For example, an input sequence could be a word sequence, such as review sentence and advertisement text. For a review sentence, the outcome could be the review rating; for an advertisement, the outcome could be the click-through rate. The major challenge in performing QuaSE is how to perceive the outcome-related wordings, and only edit them to change the outcome. In this paper, the proposed framework contains two latent factors, namely, outcome factor and content factor, disentangled from the input sentence to allow convenient editing to change the outcome and keep the content. Our framework explores the pseudo-parallel sentences by modeling their content similarity and outcome differences to enable a better disentanglement of the latent factors, which allows generating an output to better satisfy the desired outcome and keep the content. The dual reconstruction structure further enhances the capability of generating expected output by exploiting the couplings of latent factors of pseudo-parallel sentences. For evaluation, we prepared a dataset of Yelp review sentences with the ratings as outcome. Extensive experimental results are reported and discussed to elaborate the peculiarities of our framework.
Thermally Induced Changes in the Hydrogen Microstructure of Amorphous Hydrogenated Silicon Films, Analyzed Using In Situ Real Time Infrared Spectroscopy (1999)

Changes in the hydrogen content and bonding in amorphous hydrogenated silicon (a-Si:H) films during stepwise thermal annealing are measured using in situ real time infrared spectroscopy. The experimental spectra are fit using previously identified SiH stretching modes for hydrogen bonded at isolated network sites, hydrogen in platelet-like configurations and hydrogen at surfaces. Based on this mode separation, the release of hydrogen from surfaces and platelet configurations is found to occur at ∼320–370°C. By 470°C, these groups are completely released from the sample, whereas isolated SiH network sites are still present. This thermal annealing of the sample also irreversibly changes the microstructure and thereby the distribution of available hydrogen bonding sites in the amorphous network. Re-hydrogenation experiments show that isolated bonding sites are created and platelet and surface bonding sites are removed from the hydrogen density of states. This structural transformation during annealing is interpreted as the release of hydrogen from platelet like configurations and the reformation of Si–Si bonds in a-Si:H.
Open laparoscopic cholecystectomy in pregnancy. (1993)

Since the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1989, surgeons worldwide have become familiar with the basic techniques involved. Pregnancy has previously been considered an absolute contraindication to laparoscopic cholecystectomy; however, we present three cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in pregnancy. If conservative management fails, this method, far from being absolutely contraindicated, should be the procedure of choice in pregnancy, as it has already become in nonpregnant patients. Transvaginal ultrasound allows continuous monitoring of fetal heart rate in all stages of pregnancy after the 7th week. The open (Hasson) technique should be strongly considered if accidental uterine puncture and potential fetal damage are to be avoided.
Opportunities and problems in modification of levels of rapeseed C18 unsaturated fatty acids (1973)

Abstract Selections for different levels of C 18 fatty acids in rapeseed to date have had only limited success, due in part to the low frequency of occurrence of desired genotypes with increased linoleic and decreased linolenic acid. In the progeny of mutation experiments with seeds of the variety Oro (linolenic acid content 8–10%) two stable mutants were selected, one with 5% and the other with 20% linolenic acid in the seed oil. The level of linoleic acid in the two mutants is the same as Oro (16–20%), but the levels of oleic and linolenic acids are inversely altered. In this paper several problems associated with selecting for linoleic and linolenic acids, which became apparent during the mutation studies, are discussed. Many selections made from the mutated material were unstable, reverting to the original Oro fatty acid composition after two or three self‐pollinated generations. This fact plus environmental and maternal effects made selection difficult. However, with the use of rapid and simple analytical methods and space‐saving growing techniques, these difficulties were overcome.
Polyurethanes based on renewable polyols from bioderived lactones (2012)

Ring opening transesterification polymerization of lactones derived from menthone and carvomenthone was used to synthesize polyols for polyurethane film formulations. The polyols were synthesized at 140 °C using tin(II) octoate as catalyst, diethanolamine as trifunctional initiator, and with ratios of lactone : initiator of 9 : 1 or 18 : 1. Polyol structural features were deduced by comparison of NMR spectral data with those of simple model amide/esters of the initiator. Films were formulated from the renewable polyols, diphenylmethane diisocyanate [or poly(diphenylmethane diisocyanate)], and diethylene glycol. Thermal and mechanical properties of these polyurethane films were measured, demonstrating their potential utility as biobased thermosets for rigid or flexible foams.
Combined expression of KLK4, KLK5, KLK6, and KLK7 by ovarian cancer cells leads to decreased adhesion and paclitaxel-induced chemoresistance. (2012)

OBJECTIVE: Chemoresistance is a critical feature of advanced ovarian cancer with only 30% of patients surviving longer than 5 years. We have previously shown that four kallikrein-related (KLK) peptidases, KLK4, KLK5, KLK6 and KLK7 (KLK4-7), are implicated in peritoneal invasion and tumour growth, but underlying mechanisms were not identified. We also reported that KLK7 overexpression confers chemoresistance to paclitaxel, and cell survival via integrins. In this study, we further explored the functional consequenses of overexpression of all four KLKs (KLK4-7) simultaneously in the ovarian cancer cell line, OV-MZ-6, and its impact on integrin expression and signalling, cell adhesion and survival as contributors to chemoresistance and metastatic progression. METHODS: Quantitative gene and protein expression analyses, confocal microscopy, cell adhesion and chemosensitivity assays were performed. RESULTS: Expression of α5β1/αvβ3 integrins was downregulated upon combined stable KLK4-7 overexpression in OV-MZ-6 cells. Accordingly, the adhesion of these cells to vitronectin and fibronectin, the extracellular matrix binding proteins of α5β1/αvβ3 integrins and two predominant proteins of the peritoneal matrix, was decreased. KLK4-7-transfected cells were more resistant to paclitaxel (10-100 nmol/L: 38-54%), but not to carboplatin, which was associated with decreased apoptotic stimuli. However, the KLK4-7-induced paclitaxel resistance was not blocked by the MEK1/2 inhibitor, U0126. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that combined KLK4-7 expression by ovarian cancer cells promotes reduced integrin expression with consequently less cell-matrix attachment, and insensitivity to paclitaxel mediated by complex integrin and MAPK independent interactions, indicative of a malignant phenotype and disease progression suggesting a role for these KLKs in this process.
The Analgesic Effect of Gabapentin as a Prophylactic Anticonvulsant Drug on Postcraniotomy Pain: A Prospective Randomized Study (2009)

The administration of gabapentin to patients undergoing craniotomy for supratentorial tumor resection was effective for acute postoperative pain. It also decreased analgesic consumption after surgery. However, it may lead to side effects such as delayed tracheal extubation and increased sedation postoperatively.
Ursprungsregeln in Freihandelszonen: Protektionismus durch die Hintertür (2004)

In allen Teilen der Welt werden immer neue Freihandelszonen geschaffen. Dieser Trend sorgt aber nicht unbedingt für freieren Handel, sondern kann im Gegenteil zur Behinderung des internationalen Handels führen. Ursprungsregeln sind das Instrument, mit dem heute eine spezifische Form des Protektionismus realisiert wird. Um zwischen Gütern, die innerhalb einer Freihandelszone produziert wurden, und in Drittländern hergestellten Waren zu unterscheiden, werden sogenannte präferentielle Ursprungsregeln eingesetzt. Mit diesen Regeln wird festgelegt, welche Produkte innerhalb einer Freihandelszone zollfrei gehandelt werden dürfen und welche nicht. Angesichts von mehr als 200 Freihandelszonen ist dies für Unternehmen ein Problem: In den letzten Jahren ist ein Gewirr von sich überschneidenden Freihandelszonen entstanden, die jeweils eigene, spezifische Ursprungsregeln verwenden und dadurch den internationalen Handel behindern. Ursprungsregeln können sehr unterschiedlich gestaltet werden. So gibt es einfache und für Unternehmen leicht kalkulierbare Ursprungsregeln, aber die meisten sind sehr komplexe und selbst von Zollexperten kaum noch zu verstehende Regelwerke. Der Verdacht, daß sich hinter diesen Regulierungen letztlich Protektionismus verbirgt, bestätigt sich: Vor allem entwickelte Volkswirtschaften verschaffen sich mit komplexen Ursprungsregeln Schutz vor allzu wettbewerbsfähiger ausländischer Konkurrenz. Wenn Ursprungsregeln internationalen Handel nicht behindern sollen, müssen sie transparent und einfach in der Anwendung sein. Dies ist gerade für deutsche und europäische Unternehmen ein wichtiges Thema. Sinnvoll wären einheitliche präferentielle Ursprungsregeln für alle Mitgliedsländer der WTO. (SWP-Studie / SWP)
Agreement between the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) Stereometric Parameters Estimated Using HRT-I and HRT-II (2010)

Agreement between HRT-I and HRT-II stereometric parameters was good, and PEC did not improve agreement. These results suggest that HRT-I and HRT-II examinations can be used interchangeably to detect changes in stereometric parameters over time.
Manifestations of Alzheimer’s Disease Genetic Risk in the Blood: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Omic Analysis in Healthy Adults Aged 18-90+ (2022)

Abstract Background Genetics play an important role in late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) etiology and dozens of genetic variants have been implicated in AD risk through large-scale GWAS meta-analyses. However, the precise mechanistic effects of most of these variants have yet to be determined. Deeply phenotyped cohort data can reveal physiological changes associated with genetic risk for AD across an age spectrum that may provide clues to the biology of the disease. Methods We utilized over 2000 high-quality quantitative measurements obtained from blood of 2831 cognitively normal adult clients of a consumer-based scientific wellness company, each with CLIA-certified whole-genome sequencing data. Measurements included: clinical laboratory blood tests, targeted chip-based proteomics, and metabolomics. We performed a phenome-wide association study utilizing this diverse blood marker data and 25 known AD genetic variants, adjusting for sex, age, vendor (for clinical labs), and the first four genetic principal components; sex-SNP interactions were also assessed. Results We observed statistically significant SNP-analyte associations for five genetic variants after correction for multiple testing (for SNPs in or near NYAP1 , ABCA7 , INPP5D , and APOE ), with effects detectable from early adulthood. The ABCA7 SNP and the APOE2 and APOE4 encoding alleles were associated with lipid variability, as seen in previous studies; in addition, six novel proteins were associated with the e2 allele. The most statistically significant finding was between the NYAP1 variant and PILRA and PILRB protein levels, supporting previous functional genomic studies in the identification of a putative causal variant within the PILRA gene. Sex modified the effects of four genetic variants, with multiple interrelated immune-modulating effects associated with the PICALM variant. In post-hoc analysis, sex-stratified GWAS results from an independent AD case-control meta-analysis supported sex-specific disease effects of the PICALM variant, highlighting the importance of sex as a biological variable. Conclusions Known AD genetic variation influenced lipid metabolism and immune response systems in a population of non-AD individuals, with associations observed from early adulthood onward. Further research is needed to determine whether and how these effects are implicated in early-stage biological pathways to AD. These analyses aim to complement ongoing work on the functional interpretation of AD-associated genetic variants.