gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carotid to petrous carotid bypass for lesions of the upper cervical carotid artery (1995)

Only a few operative or interventional studies have addressed the issue of isolated arterial occlusive disease at the femoral bifurcation, the early and late results reportedly being favorable in the former, controversial in the latter. The purpose of this study was to analyze the peri-operative (30-day) and long-term outcomes of isolated surgical endarterectomy in patients with occlusive disease at the common femoral artery (CFA), providing a baseline for comparison with emerging endovascular procedures.Over an 8-year period, all consecutive patients referred to our institution for claudication, rest pain, nonhealing ulcer(s), or minor tissue loss, with imaging findings of CFA occlusive disease (isolated or with additional infrainguinal lesions in the ipsilateral limb) amenable to endarterectomy of the CFA (isolated or combined with a profundoplasty or with the endarterectomy of the superficial or deep femoral artery first tract, not >1 cm long) were enrolled in the study. We excluded all patients with major tissue loss for which a contemporary infrainguinal revascularization was performed because treating the inflow disease alone would not be sufficient to heal the ischemic wound(s) owing to the presence of concomitant femoral and/or distal lesions, inadequate collateralization, or poor runoff. Descriptive demographic data, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and operative details were recorded. Primary patency (PP), assisted PP (APP), and limb salvage (LS) rates, freedom from additional proximal or distal revascularization in the ipsilateral limb, and survival were assessed using Kaplan–Meier life tables. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify which factors could influence CFA segment patency or other parameters.In all, 117 patients were enrolled and underwent 121 CFA endarterectomies, 60.3% for claudication and 39.7% for critical limb ischemia (CLI); 30 patients were excluded because they underwent a contemporary infrainguinal revascularization. All procedures were performed with patients under regional anesthesia and took an average operating time of 1.3 ± 0.7 hours. There were no perioperative deaths or major complications, but 8 (6.6%) local complications. A complete follow-up (mean 4.2 years) was obtained in 111 patients (115 limbs). The 7-year PP, APP, and LS rates were 96%, 100%, and 100%, respectively; the 7-year rates of freedom from further revascularization and survival were 79% and 80%, respectively.Operative endarterectomy in patients with claudication or CLI for occlusive CFA disease proved safe, effective, and durable, and should provide a baseline for comparison with endovascular treatment. Proponents of endovascular procedures as a routine alternative treatment option should bear this in mind.
Über 9.10‐Dihydro‐anthracen‐Derivate mit Heterobrückenatomen (1960)

Abstract Dehydrobenzol als reaktionsfreudiges Dienophil läßt sich bei geeigneten Partnern zur Synthese von Dihydroanthracen‐Derivaten mit O, S oder N als Brückenatomen in 9.10‐Position verwenden. Nach diesem Verfahren wurden die O‐Verbindung III, ihr S‐Analogon sowie die N‐Verbindungen VIII und XIII präpariert, deren Strukturen und Eigenschaften beschrieben werden. Besonderes Interesse verdient die Verbindung VIII mit CH 3 N‐Brücke, da sich die zugehörige quartäre Base XI in pseudomonomolekularer Reaktion zu den cis‐trans ‐isomeren Aminoalkoholen XII umlagert.
Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles Supported on Biomass-Derived Porous Carbon for Simultaneous Detection of Cd2+ and Pb2+ (2022)

A green and efficient electrochemical sensor for simultaneous detection of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) heavy-metal ions is proposed in this work. For this aim, biomass-derived porous carbon (BPC) along with nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) nanoparticles have been used to modify glassy carbon electrodes (GCE). The carbon substrate herein was obtained from abundant marine biomass, Posidonia oceanica. The nZVI particles were in situ reduced on BPC by combining the conventional liquid-phase reduction method of ferric chloride with the impregnating process. Physicochemical and electroanalytical investigations were established by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), all suggesting that the nZVI particles were successfully anchored and uniformly dispersed on the carbon substrate, and the synergistic effect between the BPC and nZVI properties uplifts the electrocatalytic ability of the modified electrode nZVI-BPC/GCE. The as-fabricated electrode was then assessed and evaluated for the simultaneous detection of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in an aqueous buffered solution containing acetate using square-wave stripping voltammetry (SWSV). Experimental conditions and parameters such as the effect of electrolyte pH, deposition potential, and deposition time for sensing target ions were optimized. Results demonstrated that the sensing electrode exhibited a linear detection range of 2.0–50 μg/L for both metal ions, and detection limits of 0.1926 and 0.2082 μg/L were recorded for Cd2+ and Pb2+, respectively. Moreover, drinking water samples were further analyzed for the practical testing of the developed sensor, where it also revealed adequate detection performances.
Morphology-Based Automatic Seizure Detector for Intracerebral EEG Recordings (2012)

In this paper, a new seizure detection system aimed at assisting in a rapid review of prolonged intracerebral EEG recordings is described. It is based on quantifying the sharpness of the waveform, one of the most important electrographic EEG features utilized by experts for an accurate and reliable identification of a seizure. The waveform morphology is characterized by a measure of sharpness as defined by the slope of the half-waves. A train of abnormally sharp waves resulting from subsequent filtering are used to identify seizures. The method was optimized using 145 h of single-channel depth EEG from seven patients, and tested on another 158 h of single-channel depth EEG from another seven patients. Additionally, 725 h of depth EEG from 21 patients was utilized to assess the system performance in a multichannel configuration. Single-channel test data resulted in a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 71%. The multichannel test data reported a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 58.9%. The new system detected a wide range of seizure patterns that included rhythmic and nonrhythmic seizures of varying length, including those missed by the experts. We also compare the proposed system with a popular commercial system.
Dual dependence: assessment of dependence upon alcohol and illicit drugs, and the relationship of alcohol dependence among drug misusers to patterns of drinking, illicit drug use and health problems (2002)

Alcohol use is an important and under-rated problem in the treatment of drug misusers. A comprehensive assessment of alcohol use among drug misusers should include separate assessments of alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems and severity of alcohol dependence.
Social Norms Information Treatments in the Municipal Water Supply Sector: Some New Insights on Benefits and Costs (2018)

Social norms comparisons are tools that are being used more and more often by energy and water utilities all over the world in order to induce households to conserve resources. Such conservation programs are appealing to utilities since they are an easy-to-implement alternative to raising prices and commonly result in short-term reductions in energy and water use of about 2–5%. However, the welfare effects of social norms programs are rarely discussed and assessed, especially in the context of municipal water supply. The purpose of this paper is to identify the costs and benefits of social norms information treatments (SNITs) to all social groups and to illustrate a conceptual framework for conducting a benefit–cost analysis of social norms treatments in the municipal water sector. We provide plausible estimates for the costs and benefits of social norms treatments to different affected groups in the municipal water supply sector using current knowledge for both developing and industrialized countries in order to show how practitioners can conduct a benefit–cost analysis of an SNIT for a specific water utility. Our calculations show that the outcome of a benefit–cost analysis of an SNIT is highly location-specific and likely subject to substantial uncertainty. We also present a simple benefit–cost analysis of a price increase that would lead to an equivalent initial reduction in household water use. The latter is found to be more likely to result in net benefits to the society as a whole in low- and middle-income countries, but we show that, in this case, households would have to bear most of the costs.
Cold Denaturation of α‐Synuclein Amyloid Fibrils (2014)

Abstract Although amyloid fibrils are associated with numerous pathologies, their conformational stability remains largely unclear. Herein, we probe the thermal stability of various amyloid fibrils. α‐Synuclein fibrils cold‐denatured to monomers at 0–20 °C and heat‐denatured at 60–110 °C. Meanwhile, the fibrils of β2‐microglobulin, Alzheimer’s Aβ1‐40/Aβ1‐42 peptides, and insulin exhibited only heat denaturation, although they showed a decrease in stability at low temperature. A comparison of structural parameters with positive enthalpy and heat capacity changes which showed opposite signs to protein folding suggested that the burial of charged residues in fibril cores contributed to the cold denaturation of α‐synuclein fibrils. We propose that although cold‐denaturation is common to both native proteins and misfolded fibrillar states, the main‐chain dominated amyloid structures may explain amyloid‐specific cold denaturation arising from the unfavorable burial of charged side‐chains in fibril cores.
A circular array configuration for simplifying multiplexing in radiocommunication antennas (2005)

This paper describes a novel application of a circular array for the central antenna of base/repeater stations in mobile radio communication systems. The antenna is fed from a multiple port feed network which offers a number of omnidirectional coverage patterns which remain electrically independent. This provides isolation between multiple transmitters and receivers. The experimental results presented suggest at least 30dB isolation can be achieved over an octave bandwidth.
Transductive Ridge Regression in Structure‐activity Modeling (2017)

In this article we consider the application of the Transductive Ridge Regression (TRR) approach to structure-activity modeling. An original procedure of the TRR parameters optimization is suggested. Calculations performed on 3 different datasets involving two types of descriptors demonstrated that TRR outperforms its non-transductive analogue (Ridge Regression) in more than 90 % of cases. The most significant transductive effect was observed for small datasets. This suggests that transduction may be particularly useful when the data are expensive or difficult to collect.
Effects of serotonin on platelet activation in whole blood (1997)

Serotonin (5-hydrotryptamine, 5-HT) is a weak platelet agonist, which has not been evaluated fully with respect to platelet responses in whole blood. We thus re-evaluated platelet responses to 5-HT using three whole blood techniques: flow cytometry, impedance aggregometry and filtragometry. At concentrations up to 10(-5) mol/l, 5-HT per se failed to induce platelet aggregation in whole blood, or to increase platelet fibrinogen binding or P-selectin expression. However, 5-HT potentiated platelet responses to low concentrations of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or thrombin dose-dependently. 5-HT (10(-7), 10(-6) and 10(-5) mol/l) increased ADP-induced platelet fibrinogen binding by 40, 59 and 79%, while P-selectin expression increased by 45, 64 and 95%, respectively (P < 0.05; n = 10). The enhancing effects of 5-HT were even more pronounced in thrombin-stimulated samples, as 5-HT at 10(-8), 10(-7), 10(-6) and 10(-5) mol/l increased fibrinogen binding by 56, 128, 212 and 260% (P < 0.05), and P-selectin expression by 31, 56, 89 and 109%, respectively (P < 0.01; n = 10). The response to 5-HT was inhibited dose-dependently by a highly selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist (SR 46349), with almost complete inhibition at 10(-6) mol/l. Impedance aggregometry showed a significant enhancement in 5 x 10(-6) mol/l ADP-induced platelet aggregation caused by 5-HT at 8 x 10(-8) mol/l (from 7.58 +/- 2.50 omega to 9.02 +/- 2.43 omega, P < 0.02, n = 12). Similarly, filtragometry readings, i.e. the time taken for platelet aggregates to occlude a microfilter, were shortened by 27% (P < 0.05, n = 9), reflecting increased platelet aggregability. Our data suggest that 5-HT per se does not activate platelets, but dose-dependently enhances platelet activation induced by ADP and, in particular, thrombin in whole blood. Thus, the idea that 5-HT is a 'helper agonist' is supported; this effect is mediated by 5-HT2A receptors.
Defect Structure and Electrical Properties of Nonstoichiometric CeO2 Single Crystals (1979)

Cerium dioxide deviates strongly from stoichiometry at elevated temperatures and reduced partial pressures of oxygen to produce an oxygen deficient n‐type semiconductor. Measurements of electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power as a function of were performed on single crystals of over an extended composition range in order to: (i) remove the ambiguity concerning the identity of the dominant ionic defects, (ii) obtain the formation energies of appropriate defect species, and (iii) establish the composition ranges at which defect interactions set in. A system developed for generating and monitoring almost continuously, enabled the acquisition of data in previously unobtained critical ranges of . A defect model which includes singly and doubly ionized oxygen vacancies and quasi‐free electrons was established by the excellent agreement found at small between experimentally obtained conductivity data and theoretical curves based on the model. Doubly ionized vacancies were shown to be dominant at small with a transition occurring over an extended range of 's toward singly ionized vacancies at larger deviations from stoichiometry. The energies associated with the formation of singly and doubly ionized vacancies were found to be equal to ∼4.1 and 4.7 eV, respectively. For values greater than ∼10−2 indications of significant defect interactions were observed in the electrical conductivity, thermogravimetric, and electron mobility data. Assuming only pairwise defect interactions, we obtain a defect interaction energy of 0.055 eV. This low value is found to be consistent with the relatively larger region of ideal point defect behavior which exists in reduced ceria.
Therapeutic efficacy of boron neutron capture therapy mediated by boron-rich liposomes for oral cancer in the hamster cheek pouch model (2014)

The application of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) mediated by liposomes containing (10)B-enriched polyhedral borane and carborane derivatives for the treatment of head and neck cancer in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model is presented. These liposomes are composed of an equimolar ratio of cholesterol and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, incorporating K[nido-7-CH3(CH2)15-7,8-C2B9H11] (MAC) in the bilayer membrane while encapsulating the hydrophilic species Na3[ae-B20H17NH3] (TAC) in the aqueous core. Unilamellar liposomes with a mean diameter of 83 nm were administered i.v. in hamsters. After 48 h, the boron concentration in tumors was 67 ± 16 ppm whereas the precancerous tissue contained 11 ± 6 ppm, and the tumor/normal pouch tissue boron concentration ratio was 10:1. Neutron irradiation giving a 5-Gy dose to precancerous tissue (corresponding to 21 Gy in tumor) resulted in an overall tumor response (OR) of 70% after a 4-wk posttreatment period. In contrast, the beam-only protocol gave an OR rate of only 28%. Once-repeated BNCT treatment with readministration of liposomes at an interval of 4, 6, or 8 wk resulted in OR rates of 70-88%, of which the complete response ranged from 37% to 52%. Because of the good therapeutic outcome, it was possible to extend the follow-up of BNCT treatment groups to 16 wk after the first treatment. No radiotoxicity to normal tissue was observed. A salient advantage of these liposomes was that only mild mucositis was observed in dose-limiting precancerous tissue with a sustained tumor response of 70-88%.
Review of the Applicability of FSW Processing to Aircraft Applications (2005)

Recently, the National Institute for Aviation Research (NIAR) at Wichita State University, in Wichita, Kansas, conducted a literature review of the friction stir welding (FSW) process, and a comprehensive evaluation of the weld properties of butt-welded 2024T3 and 7075-T73 thin sheet, two of the most commonly used aerospace alloys. During the review, comprehensive design data including tensile, fatigue, fracture toughness, fatigue crack propagation, and exfoliation were generally found not to be all reported together for welds in 2XXX and 7XXX series alloys. Also, critical tooling and welding parameters are often proprietary, preventing duplication of results. The literature review was conducted in the following areas: material properties and performance, process developments, process modeling, quality control, and applications to aircraft structure. The objective of the study was to perform a comprehensive testing and properties evaluation of butt-welds made in the common aerospace alloys: 2024-T3 and 7075-T73 plates of 0.040” and 0.125” thicknesses, naturally aged for a minimum of 3 months. The FSW joints were produced on an MTS ISTIR Gantry 10 machine in collaboration with the South Dakota School of Mines. The results of those tests, with the weld parameters and tooling utilized, are presented and discussed. The results indicate a Poisson’s ratio of about 0.35. The 7075 specimens have an ultimate strength averaging 69 ksi for 0.125” and 65 ksi for 0.040” sheet, while the 2024 specimens had an average ultimate strength of 63 ksi for 0.125” and 59 ksi for 0.040” sheet. Ultimate elongations ranged from 6% for the 0.040” 2024 to 14% for the 0.125” 7075 alloy. For fatigue crack growth, the 7075 specimens generally cracked down the center of the weld. However, the cracks in the 2024 material grew quickly towards the base material. The exfoliation test was performed per ASTM G34. Both the 2024 and the 7075 specimens show notable attack in the heat affected zone in the naturally aged condition. Weld microstructure characterization is also included. Future work will include generating additional test data, specifically in fatigue, fatigue crack propagation, and stress corrosion. A study on post weld artificial aging for comparison with naturally aged results and other strategies for enhancing the corrosion resistance and fatigue life of FSW joints is also under way.
Single Aperture Multi-Mode Monopulse Antenna Pointing with Corrugated Horn (1995)

This paper presents systems modeling, simulation and implementation of Ka-band monopulse tracking feed for antennas in NASA/DSN ground stations.
Influence de l'adsorption d'alginates sur les propriétés de membranes organiques d'ultra et de microfiltration (2005)

Les applications potentielles des cultures de microalgues et cyanobactéries en dépollution d'effluents dans des photobioréacteurs à membrane souffrent de performances limitées par un colmatage de l'élément filtrant dû en grande partie aux exopolysaccharides sécrétés par ces micro-organismes. Cette étude du laboratoire quantifie les effets de l'adsorption de ces polysaccharides sur des membranes organiques d'ultra et microfiltration tangentielle de matériaux et charges de surface différents. L'alginate de sodium est utilisé comme adsorbat modèle. Les membranes propres sont d'abord testées par une mesure de flux à l'eau pure, puis mises en contact avec une solution d'alginate durant un temps choisi. Le flux à l'eau pure des membranes après adsorption est ensuite à nouveau mesuré. La réduction relative du rayon de pore (ZEMAN, 1983) met en évidence l'effet de la mouillabilité et des charges superficielles. L'étude comparée de membranes d'ultra et microfiltration montre que cette réduction relative du rayon de pore augmente avec le seuil de coupure ou le diamètre de pore. L'effet de la concentration révèle aussi que la résistance hydraulique d'adsorption (MATTHIASSON, 1983) à l'équilibre évolue selon l'isotherme de LANGMUIR. Le modèle cinétique traduisant l'évolution de la résistance d'une membrane d'ultrafiltration proposé par BAKLOUTI et al.(1984), amélioré par AIMAR et al. (1988) puis discuté par RUIZ-BEVIÁ et al. (1997), est complété par un nouvel exposant agissant sur le facteur temps. La comparaison des résistances à l'écoulement de membranes de microfiltration avec celle d'une membrane d'ultrafiltration hydrophile neutre permet de dégager des critères de choix pour l'optimisation du fonctionnement d'un photobioréacteur à membrane utilisable en dépollution d'effluents.
Nanosized Fat Emulsion Injection Modulating Local Microenvironment Promotes Angiogenesis in Chronic Wound Healing (2022)

Abstract The current treatment for chronic diabetic wounds is costly for patients and society. The proinflammatory state and impaired vascular condition are the main factors that hamper diabetic wound healing. In this study, fat emulsion (FE), a nanosized product clinically used to provide nutrition and energy to patients through vein injection, is evaluated for its diabetic wound healing capability for the first time. The nanosized FE is mixed with methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HA–MA) hydrogel to form an anti‐inflammatory and angiogenic FE/HA–MA hybrid hydrogel dressing to accelerate the diabetic wound closure. Results of RT‐qPCR analysis and ELISA demonstrate that the FE exerts excellent anti‐inflammatory effects by significantly downregulating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), both in vitro and in vivo. The endothelial tube formation and scratch assays reveal that the FE promotes angiogenesis and cell migration, respectively, by releasing vascular endothelial growth factor A. The in vivo diabetic wound mouse model confirms an increased blood vessel density, healing rate, tissue epithelialization, and collagen deposition in the FE/HA–MA hybrid hydrogel dressing group compared to the control group. These findings may provide a promising and economic product and strategy for diabetic wound treatment in the clinic.
Vertical glider robots for subsea equipment delivery (2011)

We have developed an underwater vehicle that offers significant performance improvements over existing sub sea elevators. Our Vertical Glider Robot falls under its own weight to a precise location on the seafloor, employing streamlining, active steering, and basic navigation instrumentation. We examine typical at-sea mission requirements, mention several key governing parameters, and outline our design approach. We then describe a prototype device, and present results from model-scale experiments.