gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photocatalyzed Polymerization of Aromatic Dicyanate Esters by Iron-Arene Complexes (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotocatalyzed Polymerization of Aromatic Dicyanate Esters by Iron-Arene ComplexesThomas G. Kotch, Alistair J. Lees, Stephen J. Fuerniss, and Kostas I. PapathomasCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 4, 801–805Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00052a028https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00052a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views263Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bimetallic Europium and Terbium Complexes Containing Substituted Terpyridines and the NSAID Drug Tolfenamic Acid: Structural Differences, Luminescence Properties, and Theranostic Applications (2020)

A series of bioactive homobimetallic Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes containing terpyridine derivatives (XTPY) and tolfenamic acid, as a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID), were synthesized as cellular imaging and photocytotoxic agents. The Ln 2 ‐dimers were interestingly showing varying solid‐state structures during the process of crystallization originated from (i) multiple coordination modes of the carboxylate group in tolfenamic acids, (ii) exchange reactions with coordinating triflate (CF 3 SO 3 – ) counter anions, (iii) in situ generated hydroxyls (OH – ) from basic solution and, more importantly, (iv) the non‐directionality and ionic bonding nature of lanthanide complexes. The proposed species identified in solution from the isolated complexes were broadly represented as [Ln 2 (XTPY) 2 (TFA) 6 ] ( 1–6 ): [Eu 2 (TOTPY) 2 (TFA) 6 ] ( 1 ), [Tb 2 (TOTPY) 2 (TFA) 6 ] ( 2 ), [Eu 2 (FTPY) 2 (TFA) 6 ] ( 3 ), [Tb 2 (FTPY) 2 (TFA) 6 ] ( 4 ), [Eu 2 (TTPY) 2 (TFA) 6 ] ( 5 ), and [Tb 2 (TTPY) 2 (TFA) 6 ] ( 6 ), where TOTPY = 4'‐( p ‐tolyl)‐2,2':6',2''‐terpyridine, FTPY = 4'‐(2‐Furanyl)‐2,2':6',2''‐terpyridine, TTPY = 4'‐(2‐Thienyl)‐2,2':6',2''‐terpyridine and TFA = tolfenamic acid. Various physicochemical and spectroscopic methods were applied to understand their structures, speciation, and optical properties. The crystal structure analysis of the complexes shows that complexes 1 and 2 are isostructural as [Ln 2 (TOTPY) 2 (TFA) 4 (CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ], while 3 and 4 are isostructural as [Ln 2 (FTPY) 2 (TFA) 4 (µ 2 ‐ OH)](CF 3 SO 3 ), and complex 5 crystallizes as [Eu 2 (STPY) 2 (TFA) 6 (H 2 O) 2 ]. Their solid‐state structures display eight‐coordinated {LnN 3 O 5 } distorted square antiprismatic or nine‐coordinated {LnN 3 O 6 } distorted tricapped trigonal prismatic (TTP) geometry around each Ln(III) ion. The interactions of dimeric complexes with biological targets (DNA, BSA) were tested. The complexes exhibit good binding affinity to DNA ( K b ca. 10 5 m –1 ) and BSA ( K BSA ca. 10 6 m –1 ) via possible partial intercalation or groove binding with XTPY/TFA ligands. Eu(III) and Tb(III) luminescence in these complexes are effectively sensitized through the reinforced dual sensitizing ligands (XTPY and TFA). The confocal fluorescence imaging studies of these probes in the HeLa and MCF‐7 cell lines were tested using the intrinsic red and green emission originates from Eu(ΙΙΙ) and Tb(ΙΙΙ). Fluorescence imaging studies displayed their sufficient uptake and distribution in the cytosol and nuclei. The complexes showed significant photocytotoxicity under 365 nm UV‐A light.
Piezoelectricity of Poly(L-lactic Acid) Composite Film with Stereocomplex of Poly(L-lactide) and Poly(D-lactide) (2010)

The piezoelectricity of a film of the eco-material poly(L-Lactic acid) (PLLA) with high transparency and flexibility has been noted for its possibility of application to new types of devices used in mobile equipment. However, for its application, there are many difficult problems to be solved, because the PLLA film has poor thermal stability. To change the high-order structure of the PLLA film, thus realizing an improvement in the temperature dependence of its piezoelectricity, a composite film with a stereocomplex crystal (SC) formed from PLLA and poly(D-lactide acid) (PDLA) molecules was fabricated. As a result, we obtained a composite film with a stable piezoelectric temperature dependence compared with a pure PLLA film. To analyze its piezoelectric temperature dependence, we first observed the high-order structure of the composite film using a polarized microscope (POM). However, we did not find any difference between the high-order structures of the composite film and the pure PLLA film. In contrast, from observation by atomic force microscopy (AFM), it was found that the grain structure in the composite film became more homogeneous than that in the pure PLLA film. These experimental results indicate that, by changing the high-order structure through a compound with SC, the external stress always has a constant effect over a wide temperature range and, as a result, the induced polarization is constant in the composite film. Thus, the composite film shows excellent thermal stability of piezoelectricity compared with the pure PLLA film.
A hybrid organic–inorganic electrode for enhanced charge injection or collection in organic optoelectronic devices (2006)

Here we report a novel hybrid organic–inorganic anode for organic light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photovoltaic (PV) cells. This hybrid anode structure is realized from a composite of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) doped with polystyrenesulfonic acid (PEDOT:PSS) and indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles. Owing to the phase separation, this anodic structure leads to a graded work function from patterned ITO to the photoactive polymer, which in turn reduces the barrier height for holes by ∼70%. The resulting devices based on this design show up to 67% reduction in turn-on voltage (for polymer LEDs) and up to 40% increase in short-circuit current and power conversion efficiency (for PV cells). Current–voltage characteristics, Fowler–Nordheim analysis, SEM imaging and energy band diagram analysis are employed to characterize the improved performance of our devices. The reported approach is expected to be immensely useful for the molecular design of next-generation efficient organic devices.
Patterns of RNA metabolism in a differentiated cell: a rapidly labeled, unstable 60S RNA with messenger properties in duck erythroblasts. (1966)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Viewpoint-aware Video Summarization (2018)

This paper introduces a novel variant of video summarization, namely building a summary that depends on the particular aspect of a video the viewer focuses on. We refer to this as $\textit{viewpoint}$. To infer what the desired $\textit{viewpoint}$ may be, we assume that several other videos are available, especially groups of videos, e.g., as folders on a person's phone or laptop. The semantic similarity between videos in a group vs. the dissimilarity between groups is used to produce $\textit{viewpoint}$-specific summaries. For considering similarity as well as avoiding redundancy, output summary should be (A) diverse, (B) representative of videos in the same group, and (C) discriminative against videos in the different groups. To satisfy these requirements (A)-(C) simultaneously, we proposed a novel video summarization method from multiple groups of videos. Inspired by Fisher's discriminant criteria, it selects summary by optimizing the combination of three terms (a) inner-summary, (b) inner-group, and (c) between-group variances defined on the feature representation of summary, which can simply represent (A)-(C). Moreover, we developed a novel dataset to investigate how well the generated summary reflects the underlying $\textit{viewpoint}$. Quantitative and qualitative experiments conducted on the dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed method.
A comparison of a theophylline-ephedrine combination with terbutaline. (1978)

In a single-blind, crossover study 10 adult asthmatic patients received a theophylline-ephedrine combination tablet (theophylline 90 mg, ephedrine 16 mg and phenobarbital 25 mg in an immediate release layer and theophylline 90 mg and ephedrine 32 mg in a sustained release layer) twice daily or terbutaline 5 mg three times daily for two weeks. There was no significant difference in bronchodilator response to a single dose of the study drugs on either the initial day of treatment or after two weeks of continuous therapy. Mean increases in serum cyclic-AMP levels produced by both drugs were not significantly different. Mean peak plasma theophylline levels were 2.9 +/- 1.3 microgram/ml following the initial dose and 7.3 +/- 3.4 microgram/ml after two weeks of continuous dosing with the combination drug. No adverse effects on blood pressure or pulse rate were observed to either drug. Overall, the incidence and severity of reported side effects (tremor, nausea and nervousness) were less with the theophylline-ephedrine combination.
Integrating machine learning with knowledge-based systems (2002)

Summary form only given. The integration of expert systems and learning systems that can manipulate the knowledge base appropriately in hybrid systems involving large knowledge bases is discussed. Hybrids of knowledge-based and learning systems with various functionalities are described. The benefits of studying such hybrid systems are examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
<title>Performance evaluation of a high-strip-density grid using a contrast-detail phantom</title> (1997)

A contrast-detail phantom was used to evaluate grid performance. The phantom is constructed of 1 cm of plastic. Holes of varying diameter (detail) and varying depth (contest) were drilled into the contrast-detail phantom. The phantom was placed next to the bucky assembly. A 15 cm block of lucite was placed between the x ray tube and the phantom. A set of radiographs were taken of the phantom at different kVps and different phantom thicknesses. This was done both with and without the grid in place. An ion chamber was used so that the bucky factor could be determined. This entire procedure was repeated for the conventional, reciprocating grid. Contrast-detail curves were generated from the data. As would be expected the reciprocating grid had a lower bucky factor. The contrast improvement factor (contrast with grid/contrast without grid) was higher for the reciprocating grid. The contrast improvement factor for the high-strip- density grid was comparable to that for the reciprocating grid at high kVps and also when a thinner block of lucite was used. Grid lines were seen on the radiographs of the high-strip-density grid.
In‐phase antiguided bottom‐emitting vertical cavity laser arrays (2013)

In‐phase emission from a bottom‐emitting, coherently coupled, vertical cavity surface‐emitting laser array is demonstrated for the first time. Various array geometries are examined. An antiguided index profile is used to obtain the preferred on‐axis far‐field peak from a 2 × 1 array up to 0.9 mW, representing a critical step towards coherent, high‐brightness two‐dimensional laser arrays.
Unusual electronic structure of the pseudoladder compoundCaCu2O3 (2003)

Experimental and theoretical studies of the unoccupied electronic structure of ${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ single crystals have been performed using polarization-dependent x-ray absorption spectroscopy and band-structure calculations. The measured hole distribution shows an unusual large number of holes in orbitals parallel to the interlayer direction which is in agreement with the theoretical analysis. ${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ deviates significantly from the standard $\mathrm{pd}\ensuremath{\sigma}$ cuprate picture. The corresponding strong interlayer exchange is responsible for the missing spin gap which is generic for other two-leg ladder cuprates.
Haploinsufficiency of Sox9 results in defective cartilage primordia and premature skeletal mineralization (2001)

In humans, SOX9 heterozygous mutations cause the severe skeletal dysmorphology syndrome campomelic dysplasia. Except for clinical descriptions, little is known about the pathogenesis of this disease. We have generated heterozygous Sox9 mutant mice that phenocopy most of the skeletal abnormalities of this syndrome. The Sox9(+/-) mice died perinatally with cleft palate, as well as hypoplasia and bending of many skeletal structures derived from cartilage precursors. In embryonic day (E)14.5 heterozygous embryos, bending of radius, ulna, and tibia cartilages was already prominent. In E12.5 heterozygotes, all skeletal elements visualized by using Alcian blue were smaller. In addition, the overall levels of Col2a1 RNA at E10.5 and E12.5 were lower than in wild-type embryos. We propose that the skeletal abnormalities observed at later embryonic stages were caused by delayed or defective precartilaginous condensations. Furthermore, in E18.5 embryos and in newborn heterozygotes, premature mineralization occurred in many bones, including vertebrae and some craniofacial bones. Because Sox9 is not expressed in the mineralized portion of the growth plate, this premature mineralization is very likely the consequence of allele insufficiency existing in cells of the growth plate that express Sox9. Because the hypertrophic zone of the heterozygous Sox9 mutants was larger than that of wild-type mice, we propose that Sox9 also has a role in regulating the transition to hypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth plate. Despite the severe hypoplasia of cartilages, the overall organization and cellular composition of the growth plate were otherwise normal. Our results suggest the hypothesis that two critical steps of the chondrocyte differentiation pathway are sensitive to Sox9 dosage. First, an early step presumably at the stage of mesenchymal condensation of cartilage primordia, and second, a later step preceding the transition of chondrocytes into hypertrophic chondrocytes.
Nosocomial Febrile Illnesses in Patients on an Internal Medicine Service (1989)

Febrile illnesses commonly arise in hospitalized patients after admission, but most previous studies have been of specific subsets of febrile illnesses. To provide practical information about the problem as a whole, we studied febrile illnesses arising after admission (nosocomial febrile illnesses [NFls]) in 123 inpatients of an internal medicine service who had been afebrile for the preceding week. We compared them with 123 randomly selected patients without NFl. Causes of NFl included infections in 83 cases; noninfectious, inflammatory states in 15; malignancy in 12; ischemia in eight; and procedures in three. Evidence for the cause of the NFl was present at onset in at least 110 of the 123 patients. Despite this, antimicrobial agents were administered to 23 (58%) of 40 patients without infections. Thirty-four patients with NFl died; the NFl contributed to death in 26. In contrast, only eight comparison patients died. "Do not resuscitate" status was present in 32 patients with NFl compared with only 12 comparison patients, and 19 (59%) of the former died. The data from this study provide a comprehensive description of NFl arising in hospitalized internal medicine patients, indicate that the occurrence of a new febrile illness signifies a poor prognosis, and provide a rational basis for management.
Quantitative analysis of ribbons, vesicles, and cisterns at the cat inner hair cell synapse: Correlations with spontaneous rate (2013)

Cochlear hair cells form ribbon synapses with terminals of the cochlear nerve. To test the hypothesis that one function of the ribbon is to create synaptic vesicles from the cisternal structures that are abundant at the base of hair cells, we analyzed the distribution of vesicles and cisterns around ribbons from serial sections of inner hair cells in the cat, and compared data from low and high spontaneous rate (SR) synapses. Consistent with the hypothesis, we identified a "sphere of influence" of 350 nm around the ribbon, with fewer cisterns and many more synaptic vesicles. Although high- and low-SR ribbons tended to be longer and thinner than high-SR ribbons, the total volume of the two ribbon types was similar. There were almost as many vesicles docked at the active zone as attached to the ribbon. The major SR-related difference was that low-SR ribbons had more synaptic vesicles intimately associated with them. Our data suggest a trend in which low-SR synapses had more vesicles attached to the ribbon (51.3 vs. 42.8), more docked between the ribbon and the membrane (12 vs. 8.2), more docked at the active zone (56.9 vs. 44.2), and more vesicles within the "sphere of influence" (218 vs. 166). These data suggest that the structural differences between high- and low-SR synapses may be more a consequence, than a determinant, of the physiological differences.
Performance Analysis of Undersampling Strategies for Multi-Shell Diffusion MRI (2023)

Multi-shell dMRI metrics quantify information on micro-properties of neural tissue and can be used as markers for neurological diseases. The protocols used to acquire dMRI data often have prolonged acquisition times. In this work, we propose different undersampling strategies that reduce the acquisition time to half, and evaluate how the performances of multi-shell dMRI metrics change under these strategies. The results show that, while the best performing strategy changes for each metric, 3-shell gradient schemes with small variance of b-vector density on consecutive shells demonstrate improved performance. Additionally, more complex dMRI metrics exhibit relatively increased sensitivity to undersampling.
Method for the determination of the angular dependence during dry etching (1996)

Process simulation is going to play an ever increasing role in the development, process optimization, and production of integrated circuit devices, yielding shorter development times and reduced costs as compared to traditional development methods. One of the most notorious problems one faces in topography simulations in particular is the determination of the erosion/growth rates of materials exposed to a variety of complex physicochemical processes. The latter evolve continually to satisfy the needs of the ever advancing microelectronic industry, while our understanding about these processes is often incomplete and insufficient for their description. Existing theoretical models, which are often semiempirical, include a set of fitting parameters which are generally unknown and their determination in most cases involves guesswork. Another much more pragmatical approach to the problem is to measure these etch/growth rates directly in situ in the production equipment and feed the data into a topography simulator. In this article we present a simple and general method for measuring the angular dependence of the etch rate of a variety of materials using specially patterned silicon wafers. With anisotropic wet etching of silicon wafers it is possible to create structures defined by specific crystallographic planes, thus producing a variety of planar orientations on one and the same wafer. The structures can be oxidized and coated with the material of interest and processed under standard operating conditions. The method will be presented together with angular dependence data from typical dry etching processes. The results will be used as an input to the topography simulation program DINESE.
Synthesis of gallium nitride film and gallium oxide nano-ribbons by plasma immersion ion implantation of nitrogen into gallium arsenide (2004)

The preparation of gallium nitride (GaN) and gallium oxide (Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/) nano-ribbons were accomplished by plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) of nitrogen into GaAs. After PIII of nitrogen, rapid thermal annealing (RTA) was conducted on the sample. For samples annealed at 850/spl deg/C for 2 minutes we observed the formation of GaN on the GaAs surface. Raman spectrum revealed a peak at 575 cm/sup -1/, which was attributed to be a blue-shifted peak (from 568 cm/sup -1/) associated with compressively strained GaN. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging were also conducted. They showed that the thickness of the region containing GaN was about 40 nm. When RTA was performed at 950/spl deg/C for 2 minutes, Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ nano-ribbon was found on the GaAs sample surface. The ribbons were 0.1 to 2 /spl mu/m in width, several tens of nanometers in thickness and several tens of micrometers in length. Raman spectroscopy confirmed that the ribbons are single crystalline Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/. In addition, the Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ ribbons were found to possess strong visible photoluminescence.
Assessing the Binding of FourPlasmodium falciparumT Helper Cell Epitopes to HLA-DQ and Induction of T-Cell Responses in HLA-DQ Transgenic Mice (2000)

A subunit vaccine for Plasmodium falciparum malaria will need to contain well-defined T helper cell epitopes that induce protective immune responses to the parasite. One major barrier to the use of subunit vaccines is the requirement for T helper cell epitopes to be presented by the HLA class II molecules that are present in the population being vaccinated. Since the majority of malaria studies have focused on HLA-DR, little information on the role of HLA-DQ in the binding and immune response to malarial epitopes is available. This study used an in vitro peptide-binding assay to predict the extent of HLA-DQ binding of four conserved T helper cell epitopes identified from asexual-stage malaria vaccine candidate antigens. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed human B-cell lines expressing 14 different DQ molecules (DQ2.1, -2.2, -4.1, -4.2, -5.1 to -5.3, -6.1, -6.2, -6.4, -7.1, -7.3, -8, and -9) representing all broad serological specificities, including common DQ molecules present in populations in areas where malaria is endemic, were used in the binding assay. Moreover, an HLA-DQ transgenic mouse model was employed to evaluate the correlation between the in vitro DQ binding of the peptides and the generation of in vivo immune responses following peptide immunization. This study identified two broad DQ-binding peptides, ABRA#14 and SERA#9. ABRA#14 also induced T-cell proliferation and Th1-associated cytokine production in DQ8(+) transgenic mice. The combination of peptide binding to EBV-transformed cell lines and DQ transgenic mice provides a method for identifying additional T-cell epitopes for inclusion in a vaccine.