gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinetics and mechanisms of crystal growth and diffusion in a glass-forming liquid (2004)

Extensive data on the viscosity, covering 15 orders of magnitude, and crystal growth rate, covering seven orders of magnitude, of liquid diopside (CaO.MgO.2SiO(2)) were collected in a wide range of undercoolings from 1.10T(g) to 0.99T(m) (T(g) is the glass transition temperature and T(m) the melting point). The raw growth rate data were corrected for the increased interfacial temperature produced by the heat released during crystallization. A detailed analysis confirms that growth mediated by screw dislocations reasonably explain the experimental data in these wide ranges of temperatures and growth rates. Effective diffusion coefficients were calculated from crystal growth rates and from viscosity, and were then compared with measured self-diffusion coefficients of silicon and oxygen in diopside melt. The results show that oxygen and silicon control the diffusion dynamics involved in crystal growth and viscous flow. This study not only unveils the transport mechanism in this complex liquid, but also validates the use of viscosity (through the Stokes-Einstein or the Eyring equations) to account for the kinetic term of the crystal growth expression in a wide range of temperatures.
Long Term Treatment With the Somatostatin Analog SMS 201–995 in a Patient With a Thyrotropin- and Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma (1988)

A patient with a mixed pituitary tumor secreting TSH and GH was treated, starting 3 months after partial adenomectomy, with the somatostatin analog SMS 201-995 for 8 months. Somatostatin itself inhibited TSH, GH, and alpha-subunit release by the tumor both in vivo and in vitro. Long term treatment with twice daily sc injections of SMS 201-995 resulted in decreased TSH secretion and lower serum thyroid hormone levels. However, euthyroidism was achieved only when the patient was treated with three daily 200-micrograms injections of SMS 201-995. After 30 weeks of SMS 201-995 therapy, TSH secretion increased, while GH secretion remained suppressed. After withdrawal for 6 months, SMS 201-995 (100 micrograms, sc, twice daily) again completely inhibited TSH secretion. SMS 201-995 did not alter the volume of the residual adenomatous tissue. We conclude that SMS 201-995 may be a valuable therapeutic agent for the management of patients with a thyrotroph adenoma. However, desensitization may occur during long term treatment.
Human Heart, Spleen, and Perirenal Fat-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Have Immunomodulatory Capacities (2007)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have important tissue repair functions and show potent immunosuppressive capacities in vitro. Although usually isolated from the bone marrow, MSCs have been identified in other tissues, including the skin and liver. In the present study, we isolated and characterized MSCs from human heart, spleen, and perirenal adipose tissue. MSCs from these different tissue sites were similar to those derived from bone marrow in that they expressed comparable levels of the cell-surface markers CD90, CD105, CD166, and HLA class I, were negative for CD34, CD45, HLA class II, CD80, and CD86 expression, and were capable of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Like bone marrow-derived MSCs, MSCs from these different tissue sources inhibited the proliferation of alloactivated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), giving 85%, 79%, 79%, and 81% inhibition, respectively. Also in line with bone marrow-derived MSCs they inhibited proliferative responses of PBMCs to phytohemagglutinin, a nonspecific stimulator of lymphocyte proliferation, and reduced-memory T lymphocyte responses to tetanus toxoid. The results of this study demonstrate that MSCs from various tissues have similar immunophenotypes, in vitro immunosuppressive properties, and differentiation potential.
Ketamine for acute suicidal ideation. An emergency department intervention: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, proof‐of‐concept trial (2019)

Ketamine was safe and effective for rapid reduction in suicidal ideation in depressed, highly suicidal subjects presenting to the emergency department. Our results support further study of ketamine for acute suicidal ideation.
Expression of smooth muscle actin in cells involved in distraction osteogenesis in a rat model (2002)

Distraction osteogenesis has proven to be of great value for the treatment of a variety of musculoskeletal problems. Little is still known, however, about the phenotypic changes in the cells participating in the bone formation process, induced by the procedure. Recent findings of the expression of a contractile muscle actin isoform, alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), in musculoskeletal connective tissue cells prompted this immunohistochemical study of the expression of SMA in cells participating in distraction osteogenesis in a rat model. The tissues within and adjacent to the distraction site could be distinguished histologically on the basis of cell morphology, density, and extracellular matrix make-up. The percentage of SMA-containing cells within each tissue zone was graded from 0 to 4. The majority of the cells in each of the zones stained positive for SMA within five days of the distraction period. The SMA-containing cells included those with elongated morphology in the center of the distraction site and the active osteoblasts on the surfaces of the newly forming bone. These finding warrant further investigation of the role of this contractile actin isoform in distraction osteogenesis and investigation of the effects of modulation of this actin isoform on the procedure.
Surface tension and buoyancy‐driven flow in a non‐isothermal liquid bridge (1992)

Abstract The Navier–Stokes–Boussinesq equations governing the transport of momentum, mass and heat in a non‐isothermal liquid bridge with a temperature‐dependent surface tension are solved using a vorticity‐stream‐function formulation together with a non‐orthogonal co‐ordinate transformation. The equations are discretized using a pseudo‐unsteady semi‐implicit finite difference scheme and are solved by the ADI method. A Picard‐type iteration is adopted which consists of inner and outer iterative processes. The outer iteration is used to update the shape of the free surface. Two schemes have been used for the outer iteration; both use the force balance normal to the free surface as the distinguished boundary condition. The first scheme involves successive approximation by the direct solution of the distinguished boundary condition. The second scheme uses the artificial force imbalance between the fluid pressure, viscous and capillary forces at the free surface which arises when the boundary condition for force balance normal to the surface is not satisfied. This artificial imbalance is then used to change the surface shape until the distinguished boundary condition is satisfied. These schemes have been used to examine a variety of model liquid bridge situations including purely thermocapillary‐driven flow situations and mixed thermocapillary‐ and bouyancy‐driven flow.
Design of a wall-climbing robot with passive suction cups (2010)

This paper presents a wall-climbing robot which adopts passive suction cups as the attaching components. Using only one motor, this robot can not only move on a wall but also attach suction cups to the wall and remove them from the wall. Passive suction cups do not consume additional energy to keep adhesion. Therefore, the proposed robot can realize the climbing motion on a wall with relatively low energy consumption. The prototype has been designed, fabricated and tested. The experiments showed that the proposed robot could attach and remove suction cups passively. However, the robot could not move up the wall well and fell down often. In order to solve this problem, the load of each suction cup when attached to a vertical wall is analyzed. As a result, it is shown that a moment generated by both of the gravity and the attaching force of suction cups turns the robot down from the wall. Then a new model which improves the falling problems is thus designed.
Judicial Independence: Can It Be Without Article III? (1995)

ANALYSIS OF JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE OF ALJS AND ARTICLE I COURTS VERSUS ARTICLE III JUDICIARY THE EXPERIENCE AND EVOLUTION OF THE TAX COURT SHAKING UP SOCIAL SECURITY COURT OR CORPS?
Fucose migration: where to ? (2022)

Fucose is a ubiquitous monosaccharide linked to the core of major classes of glycans and the identification of fucose location is one critical bottleneck in glycomics. This is due to the remarkable inclination of the fucosyl residue to migrate to neighboring throughout mass spectrometric analysis. Such molecular rearrangements first reported in the 90’s and called “internal residue loss” can be mistaken for diagnostic fragments and lead to false assignment of the position of fucose on the glycan core. While a variety of misleading fucosylated fragments has been observed for glycan standards, the exact molecular structure of fucosylated products after rearrangement remains elusive and their formation unpredictable. This constitutes a major obstacle to the sequencing of fucosylated glycans. Using Infrared ion spectrosopy, we resolve the molecular structure of fucosylated fragments of four Lewis and Blood Group H antigen trisaccharides. Our findings suggest that fucose migration, which was reported decades ago, results in fragment ions, which can be fully characterized. Additionally we report a new type of fucose migration, which does not feature any internal residue loss and therefore had not been previously detected by mass spectrometry: it consists of a local type of migration, where the fucose remains on the initial residue with a change of regiochemistry. Therefore, such glycan fragments previously regarded as diagnostic carry previously undetected molecular rearrangements. Infrared ion spectroscopy enables molecular characterization of glycan fragments and this knowledge is essential to the interpretation of glycomics data, as well as the understanding of the processes underlying Mass Spectrometry analysis.
WHYRAC, a new modular one-dimensional exploding wire code (1978)

A new one-dimensional code, WHYRAC, intended to provide a comprehensive treatment of exploding wires and wire arrays, is described. The circuit equations treat the wire plasma in an exact way, rather than using a lumped circuit model. Great care has been taken in the Eulerian MHD treatment of plasma motion, resulting in an unusual combination of rapid running capability to handle density ranges spanning at least four orders of magnitude, and very accurate energy conservation in the overall circuit. The code is written in a modular and flexible way, to permit continual upgrading, and extension to different elements, of the atomic physics and radiation transport packages. At present, a fairly simple, rapid-running model (one line per ionization level, localized treatment of radiation transport) is used to provide transport at each time step. A much more extensive, state-of-the-art, atomic/radiation code is used to generate output radiation spectra when required, and to benchmark the energy transport package. The report gives special attention to the treatment of numerical problems in WHYRAC. (Author)
The relative Raman cross sections of vitreous SiO2, GeO2, B2O3, and P2O5 (1978)

We report the relative HH Raman spectra obtained from high-purity bulk samples of the primary glass formers SiO2, GeO2, B2O3, and P2O5. With 514.5-nm excitation, the peak Raman cross sections of these glasses have relative strengths of 1, 9.2, 4.7, and 5.7, respectively. The superior scattering strength of the latter three glasses suggests that they be used for increasing the gain and tuning range of fiber Raman lasers. The Raman spectra of mixed glasses containing GeO2, P2O5, and Na2O (or K2O) indicate that lasers made of these or similar materials may be continuously tunable over a range of 1300 cm−1.
Resonant cavity measurements for sensing pulverized material mixture proportions (2002)

Based on differences in the permittivity of coal and limestone rock, a resonant cavity measurement technique was developed for the rapid determination of the proportions of coal and rock dust in powdered mixtures. The ratio of the resonant frequency shift and the change in the transmission factor when mixed coal and limestone samples are inserted into the cavity provides a means for estimating the percentage of coal in the mixture relatively independent of the bulk density of the mixture. The technique might be developed for rapid tests of dust in coal mines to determine whether the 65% noncombustible content requirement is being met for prevention of explosions in coal mines.
Renal Dysfunction and Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Following Cardioversion (2011)

Among a group of patients with persistent atrial fibrillation undergoing successful cardioversion, impaired renal function (based on estimated GFR) was associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence. Maintenance of sinus rhythm was associated with improvement in eGFR in patients with mild or moderate renal insufficiency.
Oxygenations of vitamin E (.alpha.-tocopherol) and its model compound 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylchroman-6-ol in the presence of the superoxide radical solubilized in aprotic solvents: unique epoxidations and recyclizations (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygenations of vitamin E (.alpha.-tocopherol) and its model compound 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylchroman-6-ol in the presence of the superoxide radical solubilized in aprotic solvents: unique epoxidations and recyclizationsMitsuyoshi Matsuo, Shigenobu Matsumoto, and Yoichi IitakaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 16, 3514–3520Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00392a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00392a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Combined x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy/ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy/field emission spectroscopy for characterization of electron-emission mechanism of diamond (2008)

A possible mechanism for the field emission spectroscopy (FES) peak energy shift observed for lightly nitrogen (N)-doped chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond was investigated using natural IIb diamond as a reference. Combined ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy/FES spectra of natural IIb diamond indicated that the origin of field-emitted electrons is at the valence-band maximum and does not shift depending on the applied voltages. To further investigate the mechanism, FES peak energy was plotted versus emission current and the plot was best fitted to a straight line. The resistance of the diamond obtained from the slope was 109Ω and almost 0 for natural IIb diamond and lightly N-doped CVD diamond, respectively. The result was confirmed to be consistent with the resistivity of lightly N-doped CVD diamond and natural IIb diamond. Therefore, the result strongly implies that the observed energy shift is due to the voltage drop at the field emission site due to the resistance of the diamond bulk. Details of a possible mechanism are explained.
Effect of leptin on metastatic potential of prostatic carcinoma (2004)

3900 Obesity has achieved epidemic proportions worldwide. Several lines of evidence indicate that obesity is a major risk factor for prostate cancer. Leptin is one of the major cytokines produced by adipocytes, and controls body weight homeostasis through food intake and energy expenditure. The rationale of the study was to determine the impact of obesity on the metastatic potential of prostatic carcinoma cells. We tested androgen sensitive (LNCaP) cells as well as androgen resistant (PC-3 and Du-145) cells for their ability to metastasize in the presence or absence of Leptin. Cellular proliferation was assessed by measuring the incorporation of [ 3 H]Thymidine. PC3, LNCaP or Du-145 cells were exposed to varying concentrations of Leptin ( 0 TO 200 ng) and DNA proliferation was measured after 144 hours of incubation. Leptin did not affect the proliferation of PC3 and Du-145 cell lines, but at higher concentrations (200 nM), LNCaP cells showed a significant increase ( 120 % of control, p 4 cells/ml), supplemented with 0.2% FBS and 0.02%BSA with or without different concentrations of Leptin. The cells were then plated onto the upper surface of the Transwell membrane inserts. Growth medium supplemented with 10% FBS and 0.02% BSA was added to the lower chamber. After 10h of incubation, cells present on the upper surface of the membrane were scraped off, and the cells that had migrated to the lower surface of the membrane were fixed, stained and counted using an inverted microscope. Exposure to Leptin caused a significant ( p
Atomic Layer Deposition from Dissolved Precursors (2015)

We establish a novel thin film deposition technique by transferring the principles of atomic layer deposition (ALD) known with gaseous precursors toward precursors dissolved in a liquid. An established ALD reaction behaves similarly when performed from solutions. "Solution ALD" (sALD) can coat deep pores in a conformal manner. sALD offers novel opportunities by overcoming the need for volatile and thermally robust precursors. We establish a MgO sALD procedure based on the hydrolysis of a Grignard reagent.
Macromolecular Decoration of Nanoparticles for Guiding Self&;#x02010;Assembly in 2D and 3D (2016)

This chapter focuses on decorating nanoparticles with synthetic as well as biomacromolecules for controlling interparticle distances and relative orientations in assemblies. It introduces synthetic approaches toward core/shell architectures and shows how macromolecular ligands allow controlling order in 2D and 3D assemblies. The chapter illustrates how symmetries can be broken in order to advance from simple hexagonally close-packed assemblies to systems of higher complexity overvire of the different strategies for coupling macromolecules to nanoparticles in a well-defined fashion, covering both crosslinked and non-crosslinked polymeric coatings. There is special emphasis on core/gel-shell nanoparticles as a versatile class allowing for large interparticle separations and on protein-modified nanoparticles that are particularly well suited for achieving complex symmetries in particle assemblies. Finally, the chapter points out several examples for functionality, not with the aim of completely covering a specific field of applications but rather for the sake of illustrating the underlying concepts for functional material design.
Antagonistic effects of some metabolites and analogues of mianserin on serotonin and alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in the flexor reflex model in vivo. (1986)

Mianserin, its two metabolites desmethylmianserin (Org OH-46) and 8-hydroxymianserin (Org GF-45), and its two analogues R(-)-6-aza-mianserin (Org 44-19) and S(+)-6-aza-mianserin (Org 44-20) were tested for their antagonistic action on the central serotonin (5-HT) receptor and alpha-adrenoceptors in the flexor reflex model in vivo in the spinal rat. The ability to reduce the increase in the flexor reflex activity induced by quipazine (a 5-HT receptor agonist), St 587 (an alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist), or clonidine (an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist) was a measure of their potencies as antagonists of the respective receptors. All the compounds occurred to be potent antagonists of the central 5-HT receptor (S(+)-6-aza-mianserin was most active) and, to a lesser degree, of alpha-adrenoceptors with preferential antagonistic action on alpha 2-subtype.
Pharmacotherapy for Neuropathic Pain (2006)

Refractory neuropathic pain can be devastating to a patient's quality of life. Ideally, the primary goal of therapy would be to prevent the pain, yet even the most appropriate treatment strategy may be only able to reduce the pain to a more tolerable level. Pharmacotherapy is currently the mainstay of treatment in patients with neuropathic pain, although at present the drugs are used on a mainly "off-label" basis. A wide variety of agents are used, especially antidepressants (ie, tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors) and anticonvulsants, but also opioids and tramadol, topical agents (eg, lidocaine), systemic local anesthetics, and anti-inflammatories. Even so, effective pain relief is achieved in less than half of patients with chronic neuropathic pain. In refractory patients, combination therapy using two agents with synergistic mechanisms of action may offer greater pain relief without compromising the side-effect profile of each agent.
High-throughput, multiplex microfluidic test strip for the determination of antibiotic susceptibility in uropathogenic E. coli with smartphone detection (2021)

Abstract Antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infections is a major global challenge and improved cost-effective and high throughput antibiotic susceptibility tests (AST) are urgently needed to inform correct antibiotic selection. We evaluated a high throughput microfluidic test strip for AST and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination in 20 urinary pathogenic E. coli (UPEC) isolates using six commonly prescribed or therapeutically beneficial antibiotics. The microfluidic MIC performs broth microdilution in 1 microliter volume capillaries, 100 X smaller than standard broth microdilution. Each test strip contains 10 parallel capillaries which are dipped into a single well of a 96 well plate, significantly increasing throughput over a microtitre plate. When tested with clinical UPEC isolates at standardised inoculum density, these devices gave 100% essential agreement (+/- 1 doubling dilution of antibiotic) to the gold standard microplate broth microdilution method described by CLSI. Although for some antibiotic/isolate combinations an earlier endpoint readout reduced accuracy, MIC test strips read at a 6h endpoint still gave 69 – 100 % essential agreement depending on the antibiotic. Growth could be detected significantly earlier than 6h, but with a trade-off between speed vs accuracy. These high-throughput, multiplexed test strips could be used to increase throughput and give faster results than microplates while retaining the core broth microdilution methodology of gold standard techniques for AST and MIC determination.