gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Martin Alan Menter, MD: A Conversation with the Editor (2003)

Alan Menter (Figure ​(Figure11) was born in Doncaster, Yorkshire, England, on October 30, 1941. In 1946, he moved to South Africa, where his father grew up and to where his Irish mother immigrated. In public school he was both a top student and a top athlete. At age 17, he went to the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg to study engineering, but after 2 years he switched to the school of medicine in the same university. During his 6 years in medical school, he captained the University of Witwatersrand rugby team, and in 1968 he became a Springbok, a member of the South African national rugby team, which was the top-ranked team in the world. The following year he captained the rugby team at the University of Pretoria.
Demonstration of Reconfigurable FET and Logic Gates on Epitaxial Lateral Overgrowth Silicon Platform (2022)

We developed a novel technique, selective epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO), to fabricate a local but sufficiently large silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform on conventional silicon wafers. Based on high-level crystallinity of the local SOI, we implemented reconfigurable FETs with three gates. These FETs demonstrate n- and p-type behavior depending on the applied bias. Not only the reconfigurable FETs but also their logic gates (inverter and NAND) delivered sound performance. Using a compact model based on the surface potential of the channel, we derived the key parameters of the proposed reconfigurable FET and used the model to explain the peculiarities in its working behavior. Owing to the unique advantages of a local SOI, reconfigurable FETs can be seamlessly incorporated into a silicon platform as a building block for CMOS-SOI hybrid electronics.
Bright and High-Performance Genetically Encoded Ca 2+ Indicator Based on mNeonGreen Fluorescent Protein (2020)

Genetically encodable calcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) indicators (GECIs) based on green fluorescent proteins (GFP) are powerful tools for imaging of cell signaling and neural activity in model organisms. Following almost 2 decades of steady improvements in the <i>Aequorea victoria</i> GFP-based GCaMP series of GECIs, the performance of the most recent generation (i.e., jGCaMP7) may have reached its practical limit due to the inherent properties of GFP. In an effort to sustain the steady progression toward ever-improved GECIs, we undertook the development of a new GECI based on the bright monomeric GFP, mNeonGreen (mNG). The resulting indicator, mNG-GECO1, is 60% brighter than GCaMP6s in vitro and provides comparable performance as demonstrated by imaging Ca<sup>2+</sup> dynamics in cultured cells, primary neurons, and in vivo in larval zebrafish. These results suggest that mNG-GECO1 is a promising next-generation GECI that could inherit the mantle of GCaMP and allow the steady improvement of GECIs to continue for generations to come.
A Bluetooth-enabled HiperLAN/2 receiver (2003)

In our SDR project we aim to combine a GFSK receiver (Bluetooth) with an OFDM receiver (HiperLAN/2). Other WLAN standards use the same frequency bands and modulation techniques. So our Bluetooth-enabled HiperLAN/2 receiver can easily be adapted to other WLAN standards. This paper focuses on the integration of the two receivers. A functional architecture of a combined receiver and its computational requirements is presented.
Comparison of the Antimicrobial Efficacy and Germicidal Efficiency of 405-nm Light for Surface Decontamination (2022)

Background The persistence of infectious organisms on hospital surfaces presents a significant challenge to healthcare environments. Low irradiance visible 405-nm light has recently been developed as a method for environmental decontamination, with studies demonstrating successful reductions of environmental bacteria in wards and operating theatres. This study investigates the antimicrobial efficacy of 405-nm light for decontamination of surfaces, and how the dose-response kinetics are affected by use of differing light irradiances. Methods Surface-seeded Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (selected as model Gram-positive and Gram-negative species) were exposed to increasing doses of 405-nm light (≤ 90 Jcm-2) at three discrete irradiances (0.5, 5 and 50 mWcm-2). For both species, inactivation kinetics at each respective irradiance was established and susceptibility at equivalent light doses compared. Results Results demonstrate increased bacterial susceptibility to 405-nm light inactivation when exposed at lower irradiance treatments. For both species, 3 Jcm-2 was required when exposed using 0.5 mWcm-2 irradiance to achieve significant bacterial inactivation (P &lt; 0.05; 26.7-73.7% reduction). When exposed at 5 mWcm-2, double the energy (6 Jcm-2) was required to achieve similar reductions. Exposure at the highest irradiance (50 mWcm-2) required 3-5 times greater dose (9-15 Jcm-2) to achieve similar reductions to the lowest irradiance tested (0.5 mWcm-2). Conclusion This study provides evidence of the enhanced germicidal efficiency of low irradiance 405-nm light, highlighting its efficacy for continuous environmental decontamination applications. Further investigation into the photo-chemical inactivation mechanisms will be crucial for its optimisation for a range of infection control applications.
Influences on Generation of White Etching Crack Networks in Rolling Bearings (2016)

In rare cases rolling bearings fail by WEC (white etching crack) damage before reaching their calculated rating life, if so called additional loads are applied on the bearing in addition to the normal Hertzian stress (p Hz ). A number of additional loads have been identified by means of tests with rolling bearings. These can be small direct currents as a result of electrostatic charge or large alternating currents from inverter-fed drives that unintentionally flow through the bearing. WEC damages can also be initiated by a pure mechanical additional load which is dependent on factors including the bearing kinematics but also on the dynamics of the drive train. The current state of knowledge on this subject is presented and taken as the basis for developing a hypothesis on the WEC damage mechanism. If load situations critical for WEC cannot be avoided, the risk of WEC can be considerably reduced by the selection of suitable materials and coatings as well as, in some cases, of suitable lubricants.
SOME REMARKS ON THE INFORMATION GEOMETRY OF THE GAMMA DISTRIBUTION (2002)

ABSTRACT Bounds for the Fisher information metric associated with the Gamma statistical model are found in terms of Poincaré type metric. This results in the determination of bounds for the Rao distance, that is the Riemannian distance induced by the information metric, between Gamma distributions, and of bounds for the Gaussian curvature of the Gamma model. The bounds seem to be sharp, where the lower and upper Rao distance bounds are Poincaré distances with Gaussian curvatures −1/4 and −1/2, respectively. In addition, the sign of the Gaussian curvature of the Gamma model is shown to be negative which means, in particular, that the geometry of the model is hyperbolic.
A Convenient Synthesis of Tricyclic 2-Quinolizidones1 (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Convenient Synthesis of Tricyclic 2-Quinolizidones1Leon Mandell, B. A. Hall, and K. P. SinghCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 10, 3067–3068Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01033a504RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (287 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Pain in the Post-Operative Week Predicts Pain and Hand Use Twelve Weeks after Proximal Phalangeal Fracture Fixation (2019)

<b>Background:</b> The purpose of this study was to determine whether baseline characteristics predict outcomes twelve weeks after open reduction and internal fixation of proximal phalangeal fracture. <b>Methods:</b> A cohort of patients (n = 48, mean 35 years; SD 11) commencing outpatient rehabilitation within one week of surgery were reviewed. Outcomes of interest were active PIP extension; active total range of motion; pain at rest; comprehensive pain; strength; and hand use (reported difficulty performing specific activities such as turning a door handle, as well as usual activities including housework and recreation) at twelve weeks. Possible predictors included which finger is injured, whether the fracture is intra or extra-articular, whether the dominant or non-dominant hand is injured and/or how much pain is experienced in the first post-operative week. Multiple linear regression was performed to produce a model of the prediction for each outcome of interest at Week 1 (baseline). <b>Results:</b> Results from multivariate linear regression analyses suggest that pain at rest at baseline was significantly predictive of pain at rest (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.06-1.47), <i>p</i> = 0.01), comprehensive pain (OR = 3.18, 95% CI = 1.47-6.84, <i>p</i> = 0.01), and hand use (OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.18-4.80, <i>p</i> = 0.02) twelve weeks after open reduction and internal fixation of proximal phalangeal fracture. The turning point on the receiver-operator characteristic curve of false versus true risk (AUC = 0.94, <i>p</i> = 0.04) indicated that at least a score of 4.5 on the 10 cm visual analogue scale for baseline resting pain was needed for significant likelihood of reduced hand use. Which finger was injured, location of fracture and side of injury were not predictive of any outcomes. <b>Conclusions:</b> Moderate to high levels of resting pain in the week following surgery for proximal phalangeal fracture is predictive of pain and hand use at twelve weeks. Moderate to high levels of resting pain should be recognised as unusual, and could be targeted in rehabilitation. Further prospective studies are needed to determine whether early identification and targeted intervention to reduce pain improves outcomes at 12 weeks.
Resolution of airway inflammation and hyperreactivity after in vivo transfer of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells is interleukin 10 dependent (2005)

Deficient suppression of T cell responses to allergen by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells has been observed in patients with allergic disease. Our current experiments used a mouse model of airway inflammation to examine the suppressive activity of allergen-specific CD4+CD25+ T cells in vivo. Transfer of ovalbumin (OVA) peptide-specific CD4+CD25+ T cells to OVA-sensitized mice reduced airway hyperreactivity (AHR), recruitment of eosinophils, and T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine expression in the lung after allergen challenge. This suppression was dependent on interleukin (IL) 10 because increased lung expression of IL-10 was detected after transfer of CD4+CD25+ T cells, and regulation was reversed by anti-IL-10R antibody. However, suppression of AHR, airway inflammation, and increased expression of IL-10 were still observed when CD4+CD25+ T cells from IL-10 gene-deficient mice were transferred. Intracellular cytokine staining confirmed that transfer of CD4+CD25+ T cells induced IL-10 expression in recipient CD4+ T cells, but no increase in IL-10 expression was detected in airway macrophages, dendritic cells, or B cells. These data suggest that CD4+CD25+ T cells can suppress the Th2 cell-driven response to allergen in vivo by an IL-10-dependent mechanism but that IL-10 production by the regulatory T cells themselves is not required for such suppression.
Protective role of trehalose during radiation and heavy metal stress in Aureobasidium subglaciale F134 (2017)

An isolated black yeast-like strain was obtained from radiation-polluted soil collected from Xinjiang province in northwest China. On the basis of ITS and LSU rDNA sequence analysis, in combination with the colony morphology and phenotypic properties, the isolated strain was revealed to represent a novel variety of Aureobasidium subglaciale, designated as A. subglaciale F134. Compared to other yeasts and bacteria, this isolate displayed superior resistance to gamma irradiation, UV light, and heavy metal ions. It was discovered that the resistance of the isolate was correlated with the stress protector trehalose. Through the overexpression of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene tps1 and the deletion of acid trehalase gene ath1, the APT∆A double mutant exhibited a survival rate of 1% under 20 kGy of gamma-radiation, 2% survival rate at a UV dosage of 250 J/m<sup>2</sup>, and tolerance towards Pb<sup>2+</sup> as high as 1500 mg/L, which was in agreement with the high accumulation of intracellular trehalose compared to the wild-type strain. Finally, the protective effects and the mechanism of trehalose accumulation in A. subglaciale F134 were investigated, revealing a significant activation of the expression of many of the stress tolerance genes, offering new perspectives on the adaptations of radioresistant microorganisms.
Elevated Circulating Angiogenic Progenitors and White Blood Cells Are Associated with Hypoxia-Inducible Angiogenic Growth Factors in Children with Sickle Cell Disease (2012)

We studied the number and function of angiogenic progenitor cells and growth factors in children aged 5-18 years without acute illness, 43 with Hemoglobin SS and 68 with normal hemoglobin. Hemoglobin SS subjects had at least twice as many mononuclear cell colonies and more circulating progenitor cell than Control subjects. Plasma concentrations of erythropoietin, angiopoietin-2, and stromal-derived growth factor (SDF)-1α were significantly higher in children with Hemoglobin SS compared to Control subjects. In a multivariate analysis model, SDF-1α concentration was found to be associated with both CPC number and total white blood cell count in the Hemoglobin SS group, suggesting that SDF-1α produced by ischemic tissues plays a role in mobilizing these cells in children with Hemoglobin SS. Despite having a higher number of angiogenic progenitor cells, children with Hemoglobin SS had slower migration of cultured mononuclear cells.
SYNTHESIS OF NEW PHENYLPYRROLIZINONES VIA A MANNICH REACTION (1999)

The synthesis of 2-methylidene-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-l//-pyrrolizin-l-one 2d and subsequent Michael additions to this ,-unsaturated ketone is described.
Molecular mechanisms of alcohol-induced liver injury. An Update. (2003)

Alcoholic liver disease has a known etiology but a complex pathogenesis. The understanding of how alcohol damages the liver has expanded substantially over the last decade. In particular the genesis of fatty liver, the effect of the metabolites of ethanol oxidation, the interaction between endotoxin and kupffer cells, and the genetic predisposition to develop severe liver disease have been the focus of a great deal of research. Recent studies have demonstrated that in addition to the altered redox state ethanol induced lipid accumulation by altering the expression and transcriptional regulation of nuclear receptors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 which are involved in the expression of enzymes regulating lipid metabolism. Aldehydes generated by ethanol oxidizing pathways are involved in several toxic effects of alcohol by forming protein adducts which are responsible for activation of specific intracellular signaling pathways which modulate collagen synthesis and inflammatory response. This latter effect was also coordinated by kupffer cells, which are activated by portal vein endotoxin to release cytokines and chemokines. These actions appear to be in part dependent on genetic factors including polymorphism of genes belonging to ethanol metabolizing enzymes and to inflammatory/immune response. These complex pathways leading to liver injury offer many targets for potential therapeutic approaches.
Functional Organization of Ganglion Cells in the Salamander Retina (2005)

Recently, we reported a novel technique for recording all of the ganglion cells in a retinal patch and showed that their receptive fields cover visual space roughly 60 times over in the tiger salamander. Here, we carry this analysis further and divide the population of ganglion cells into functional classes using quantitative clustering algorithms that combine several response characteristics. Using only the receptive field to classify ganglion cells revealed six cell types, in agreement with anatomical studies. Adding other response measures served to blur the distinctions between these cell types rather than resolve further classes. Only the biphasic off type had receptive fields that tiled the retina. Even when we attempted to split these classes more finely, ganglion cells with almost identical functional properties were found to have strongly overlapping spatial receptive fields. A territorial spatial organization, where ganglion cell receptive fields tend to avoid those of other cells of the same type, was only found for the biphasic off cell. We further studied the functional segregation of the ganglion cell population by computing the amount of visual information shared between pairs of cells under natural movie stimulation. This analysis revealed an extensive mixing of visual information among cells of different functional type. Together, our results indicate that the salamander retina uses a population code in which every point in visual space is represented by multiple neurons with subtly different visual sensitivities.
In vivo cartilage formation from growth factor modulated articular chondrocytes. (1998)

Recent procedures for autologous repair of cartilage defects may be difficult in elderly patients because of the loss of stem cells and chondrocytes that occurs with age and the slow in vitro proliferation of chondrocytes from aged cartilage. In this study secondary chondroprogenitor cells were obtained by modulating the phenotype of articular chondrocytes with growth factors and stimulating the proliferation of these cells in culture. Chondrocytes isolated from the articular cartilage of mature New Zealand White rabbits were exposed to a combination of transforming growth factor beta and basic fibroblast growth factor treatment. These cells ceased the production of Collagen II (a marker for the chondrocyte phenotype) and underwent a 136-fold increase in cell number. Next, the cells were placed in high density culture and reexpressed the chondrocyte phenotype in vitro and formed hyaline cartilage in an in vivo assay. Primary chondrocytes obtained from articular cartilage of elderly humans could be manipulated in a similar fashion in vitro. These human secondary chondroprogenitor cells formed only cartilage tissue when assayed in vivo and in tissue bioreactors. This approach may be essential for autologous repair of degenerated articular cartilage in elderly patients with osteoarthritis.
First iron-catalyzed synthesis of oximes from styrenes (2009)

Aryl-substituted olefins react with t-butyl nitrite and sodium borohydride in the presence of iron(ii)phthalocyanine to give oximes in moderate to high yields.
Improved stability of blood glucose measurement in humans using near infrared spectroscopy (2011)

Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has become a promising technique for blood glucose monitoring. However, an appropriate model of spectral response in humans is yet to be determined because of the reliability problem. In this study, 48 subjects were recruited. The subjects' left forearms were scanned using near infrared spectroscopy to obtain NIR spectra. Simultaneously, a blood sample of glucose was drawn. A new method based on Monte Carlo approach is applied for partial least squares (PLS), named as PLS MC , is proposed. A large numbers of models are built from calibration subsets which are randomly selected from the whole calibration set in order to minimize the noises. It is then determining the mean value over the models with high correlation and small prediction errors. The results show that the method can enhance the stability of PLS model. Also, the performance of the PLS MC shows more accurate prediction results as compared with conventional PLS.
The U.S. Pediatric Dermatology Workforce: An Assessment of Productivity and Practice Patterns (2015)

This assessment revealed productivity and practice pattern differences between the various pediatric dermatology practice environments and between pediatric and general dermatology. This study provides important information for workforce planning and care availability assessments and baseline information for future studies.
Characterization of carrier-envelope phase-sensitive photocurrent injection in a semiconductor (2005)

We characterize the manner in which the carrier-envelope phase of ultrashort pulses can control quantum interference of injected photocurrents in low-temperature-grown gallium arsenide. We verify the predicted linear and square-root dependences of the generated current on the average optical powers of the low (nu) and high (2nu) frequency wings of a pulse spectrum, respectively. When scanning the time delay between these two colors, the signal amplitude exhibits a temporal width of 72 fs. The generated signal behaves as an ideal current source for loads below ∼100 kOmega. This behavior allows us to increase the signal detection bandwidth from 25 kHz with a voltage amplifier to 830 kHz by use of a transimpedance amplifier; higher bandwidths are possible. We discuss how transimpedance amplification could also enable the quantum-interference photocurrent signal to be measured by use of materials with longer carrier lifetimes, such as intrinsic GaAs.
Hydrodynamic Interactions Between Rolling Leukocytes In Vivo (2003)

The dynamics of the transient adhesion of leukocytes to the vessel wall in postcapillary venules is strongly dependent on the local concentration of adherent leukocytes, due to the complex hydrodynamics induced by their presence. The results are shown to agree well with theoretical considerations of the flow field induced by multiple nearby cells, suggesting a need for the future exploration of multicellular effects in the microcirculation.