gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reinforced poly(L‐lactic acid) fibres as suture material (1995)

In this study, reinforced poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) fibers made by a dry-spinning/hot-drawing process were evaluated for use as a suture. The initial tensile strength of the PLLA fibers was lower than the initial tensile strength of the commercially available sutures: PDS, Vicryl, silk, and Ethilon. However, after 12 weeks immersion in a phosphate saline buffer at 37 degrees C, PDS sutures have lower tensile strength than PLLA sutures and the tensile strength of Vicryl was unmeasurable because of fragmentation. Initially, PLLA fibers disintegrated into fibrils during degradation triggering an inflammatory response comparable to degradable multifilament sutures. However, the intensity of the inflammatory response against the PLLA fibers decreased and after 80 weeks implantation in the muscle layer of the abdominal wall of rats it was comparable to the one against Ethilon. The inflammatory response against Ethilon, which is considered to be nondegradable, increased in the same period, probably due to the change in shape. In practice, the handling characteristics of PLLA sutures are superior to the monofilament sutures like PDS and Ethilon and comparable with the multifilament sutures like Vicryl and silk. The knot security of PLLA sutures are expected to be better than the knot security of the monofilament sutures, but this remains to be investigated. It is concluded that dry-spun/hot-drawn (reinforced) PLLA fibers have the potential for use as long-term degradable suture material.
New assay of apolipoproteins A-I and B by rate nephelometry evaluated. (1987)

We evaluated new, commercially available reagents for assaying apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and B by rate nephelometry (INA). Our initial linearity studies for apoA-I indicated that use of the commercial diluent resulted in incomplete immunoreactivity. Subsequent revision of the calibration line by the manufacturer compensated for this and improved the linearity for the apoA-I assay. We observed good linearity for the apoB assay. The within-run CVs were less than 4.0% and the between-run CVs were less than 5.5% for both assays. Results were 109% for apoA-I and 101% for apoB as compared with those measured for IUIS-WHO reference materials from the Centers for Disease Control. Recovery averaged 103% for apoA-I and 105% for apoB, for duplicate assays of three concentrations of purified apoA-I and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Assaying sera from 45 patients, we demonstrated a good correlation between INA and radial immunodiffusion for both apoA-I (r = 0.92) and apoB (r = 0.95). Correlations between apoA-I and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and between apoB and LDL cholesterol compared favorably with previous reports. We conclude that these assays are accurate, precise, and easily automated for clinical application.
PromoterLCNN: A Light CNN-Based Promoter Prediction and Classification Model (2022)

Promoter identification is a fundamental step in understanding bacterial gene regulation mechanisms. However, accurate and fast classification of bacterial promoters continues to be challenging. New methods based on deep convolutional networks have been applied to identify and classify bacterial promoters recognized by sigma (σ) factors and RNA polymerase subunits which increase affinity to specific DNA sequences to modulate transcription and respond to nutritional or environmental changes. This work presents a new multiclass promoter prediction model by using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), denoted as PromoterLCNN, which classifies <i>Escherichia coli</i> promoters into subclasses σ70, σ24, σ32, σ38, σ28, and σ54. We present a light, fast, and simple two-stage multiclass CNN architecture for promoter identification and classification. Training and testing were performed on a benchmark dataset, part of RegulonDB. Comparative performance of PromoterLCNN against other CNN-based classifiers using four parameters (Acc, Sn, Sp, MCC) resulted in similar or better performance than those that commonly use cascade architecture, reducing time by approximately 30-90% for training, prediction, and hyperparameter optimization without compromising classification quality.
Factors influencing the decision of older adults to be assessed for transcatheter aortic valve implantation: An exploratory study (2015)

The decision to undergo TAVI eligibility assessment is multifaceted and complex. Programmatic processes of care must be in place to facilitate appropriate and patient-centered decision making and access to TAVI. Strategies are required to mitigate the risks associated with the rapid deterioration of severe aortic stenosis, address patient and referring physicians' education needs, and provide individualised care and equitable access. Future research must focus on patients' experiences throughout the trajectory of TAVI care.
Deficiency of the bulk spin Hall effect model for spin-orbit torques in magnetic-insulator/heavy-metal heterostructures (2017)

Electrical currents in a magnetic-insulator/heavy-metal heterostructure can induce two simultaneous effects, namely, spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) on the heavy-metal side and spin-orbit torques (SOTs) on the magnetic-insulator side. Within the framework of a pure spin current model based on the bulk spin Hall effect (SHE), the ratio of the spin Hall-induced anomalous Hall effect (SH-AHE) to SMR should be equal to the ratio of the fieldlike torque (FLT) to the dampinglike torque (DLT). We perform a quantitative study of SMR, SH-AHE, and SOTs in a series of thulium iron garnet/platinum or $\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{m}}_{3}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_{5}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}/\mathrm{Pt}$ heterostructures with different $\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{m}}_{3}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_{5}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ thicknesses, where $\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{m}}_{3}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_{5}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ is a ferrimagnetic insulator with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We find the ratio between the measured effective fields of FLT and DLT is at least two times larger than the ratio of the SH-AHE to SMR. In addition, the bulk SHE model grossly underestimates the spin-torque efficiency of FLT. Our results reveal deficiencies of the bulk SHE model and also address the importance of interfacial effects such as the Rashba and magnetic proximity effects in magnetic-insulator/heavy-metal heterostructures.
A novel inducible antibacterial peptide of Drosophila carries an O-glycosylated substitution (1993)

One of the facets of the host defense of higher insects is the rapid and transient synthesis, following bacterial challenge or trauma, of a battery of potent antibacterial peptides (Steiner, H., Hultmark, D., Engström, A., Bennich, H., and Boman, H. G. (1981) Nature 292, 246-248). The best characterized of these peptides are the cecropins (ibid.), 4-kDa peptides devoid of cysteines, and the insect defensins (Hoffmann, J. A., and Hetru, C. (1992) Immunol. Today 13, 411-415), 4-kDa peptides with three intramolecular disulfide bridges. Several other inducible antibacterial peptides have been characterized only at the level of their amino acid sequences (Hoffmann, J. A., Dimarcq, J. L., and Bulet, P. (1992) Médecine & Sciences 8, 432-439). We report here the isolation of a novel 19-residue proline-rich inducible antibacterial peptide from Drosophila. In contrast to all previous reports on antibacterial peptides, this molecule carries a substitution as evidenced by molecular mass determinations; our data show that this reflects the O-glycosylation of a Thr residue by an N-acetylgalactosamine plus a galactose. A synthetic nonsubstituted peptide of identical amino acid sequence has an activity several times lower (5-10) than the native compound. Our data suggest that this substitution represents a post-translational modification essential for the full biological activity of this novel peptide.
Tick saliva: recent advances and implications for vector competence (1997)

Secretions of the tick salivary glands are essential to the successful completion of the prolonged feeding of these ectoparasites as well as the conduit by which most tick-borne pathogens are transmitted to the host. In ixodid ticks the salivary glands are the organs of osmoregulation, and excess water from the bloodmeal is returned via saliva into the host. Host blood must continue to flow into the feeding lesion as well as remain fluid in the tick mouthparts and gut. The host's haemostatic mechanisms are thwarted by various anti-platelet aggregatory, anticoagulatory and anti-vasoconstrictory factors in tick saliva. Saliva components suppress the immune and inflammatory response of the host permitting the ticks to remain on the host for an extended period of time and, adventitiously, enhancing the transmission and establishment of tick-borne pathogens. Over the years much work has been done on the numerous enzyme and pharmacological activities found in the tick saliva. The present article reviews the most recent work on salivary gland secretions with special emphasis on how they favour pathogen transmission.
Identification of Atuveciclib (BAY 1143572), the First Highly Selective, Clinical PTEFb/CDK9 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Cancer (2017)

Selective inhibition of exclusively transcription-regulating PTEFb/CDK9 is a promising new approach in cancer therapy. Starting from lead compound BAY-958, lead optimization efforts strictly focusing on kinase selectivity, physicochemical and DMPK properties finally led to the identification of the orally available clinical candidate atuveciclib (BAY 1143572). Structurally characterized by an unusual benzyl sulfoximine group, BAY 1143572 exhibited the best overall profile in vitro and in vivo, including high efficacy and good tolerability in xenograft models in mice and rats. BAY 1143572 is the first potent and highly selective PTEFb/CDK9 inhibitor to enter clinical trials for the treatment of cancer.
A Streaming Accelerator for Deep Convolutional Neural Networks with Image and Feature Decomposition for Resource-limited System Applications (2017)

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) are widely used in modern artificial intelligence (AI) and smart vision systems but also limited by computation latency, throughput, and energy efficiency on a resource-limited scenario, such as mobile devices, internet of things (IoT), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and so on. A hardware streaming architecture is proposed to accelerate convolution and pooling computations for state-of-the-art deep CNNs. It is optimized for energy efficiency by maximizing local data reuse to reduce off-chip DRAM data access. In addition, image and feature decomposition techniques are introduced to optimize memory access pattern for an arbitrary size of image and number of features within limited on-chip SRAM capacity. A prototype accelerator was implemented in TSMC 65 nm CMOS technology with 2.3 mm x 0.8 mm core area, which achieves 144 GOPS peak throughput and 0.8 TOPS/W peak energy efficiency.
Quantitative evaluation of parkinsonian rigidity during intra-operative deep brain stimulation (2014)

This study aims at the quantification of fine change in parkinsonian rigidity at the wrist during deep brain stimulation (DBS) using a portable measurement system and objective mechanical measures. The rigidity of fourteen limbs was evaluated during DBS surgery. The resistive torque to imposed movement was measured for every setting where a reduction in rigidity was perceived by a neurologist. Quantitative mechanical measures derived from experimental data included viscoelastic properties, work, impulse and mechanical impedance. Most mechanical measures could discriminate the optimal setting from baseline (electrode at stereotactic initial position without electrical stimulation) and the highest significance was achieved by viscous damping constant (p<0.001). Spearman correlation coefficients between mechanical measures and clinical score for multiple settings (averaged for 14 limbs) were 0.51-0.77 and the best correlation was shown for viscosity (ρ=0.77 ± 0.22). The results suggest that intraoperative quantification of rigidity during DBS surgery is possible with the suggested system and measures, which would be helpful for the adjustment of electrode position and stimulation parameters.
High nitrogen fertilizer prices -- again (2005)

Corn N fertilization. I am often asked what N rate should be applied for corn production. I hesitate to give too simple of an answer, but actually a straightforward rate of 125 lb N/acre for corn following soybean (SC) and 175 lb N/acre for corn following corn (CC) (continuous, second-, or third-year) with good N management works well. If you have followed Iowa State University Extension publications regarding N management over the years, these rates are in the middle of suggested rate ranges provided since at least 1979 (100–150 lb N/acre for SC and 150–200 lb N/acre for CC). An analysis of recent data from many N rate trials conducted in Iowa since 1991 indicates these “straightforward” rates are still correct. Figure 1 shows the economic net return to N for SC and CC at four different price ratios of N price:corn grain price ($/lb N:$/bu corn grain). For the figure, the corn price was held constant at $2.20/bu and N prices were varied from $0.11, 0.22, 0.33, and 0.44 per lb N. These give price ratios of 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20, respectively at the four N prices. The point of maximum return to N (MRTN) is the N rate where the greatest economic net return to N occurs. This is indicated by the solid symbols on each price ratio line. As you can see, at the 0.10 price ratio the maximum return occurs at 123 lb N/acre for SC and 174 lb N/acre for CC, at the middle of currently suggested N rate ranges.
Vessel Imaging by Interferometric Phase-Contrast X-Ray Technique (2002)

Phase-contrast x-ray imaging explored clear depiction of the vessels using physiological saline with small doses of x-rays.
IMS SIP core server test bed (2007)

During IMS Client development, it is continuous requirement that IMS test bed should be available to facilitate the IMS client development. IMS test bed need to be exact replica of real IMS network with reference to IMS Client so that IMS Client should face minimum interoperability issues with the real IMS network. This article presents the IMS SIP Core Server test bed architecture, minimum server component required and implementation challenges with their mitigation. This article helps in developing IMS SIP Core test bed in such a fashion that it simulate the real IMS Network for the IMS Client and IMS Client can test all the services functionalities.
Laser ablation for mesial temporal epilepsy: a multi-site, single institutional series (2018)

In this study, there was no significant correlation between the ablation volume after LiTT and seizure outcomes. Visual field deficits were common in formally tested patients, much as in patients treated with open temporal lobectomy. Further studies are required to determine the role of amygdalohippocampal ablation.
DNA Extraction Using a Tetramethyl Orthosilicate-Grafted Photopolymerized Monolithic Solid Phase (2006)

A novel high-capacity, high-efficiency DNA extraction method is described using a photopolymerized silica-based monolithic column in a fused-silica capillary. Development involved investigation of the composition of the sol-gel monomer, fabrication conditions, and surface modifications in order to optimize the binding capacity. Extraction capacity and efficiency with the 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPM) monolith formulations fabricated in capillaries were investigated using a simple three-step procedure consisting of sample loading, washing of the solid phase, and elution of the DNA using a low ionic strength Tris buffer at pH 8. Once the TMSPM monomer concentration was optimized to yield a monolith with maximum test stability (robustness) and minimum back pressure, the monolith surface was modified by the grafting of tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) for increased DNA binding capacity. After the examination of a variety of TMOS concentrations, 85% v/v TMOS was found to be optimal for DNA extraction without any obvious changes to the monolith structure. The reduction of time allowed for TMSPM hydrolysis prior to UV polymerization from 20 to 5 min led to a lower back pressure of the monolith, enabling better TMOS derivatization and therefore higher binding capacity. Minimal buffer volume (as low as 1 muL) was required to elute DNA from the solid phase, providing a DNA concentrating effect potentially important for downstream processes. While experimentation employed monolithic columns that were 12 cm in length, reduction of the length to 2 cm still allowed for a DNA binding capacity of at least 100 ng of prepurified human genomic DNA and extraction efficiencies greater than 85%. Extraction of low sample volumes (submicroliter) of human whole blood were successfully performed, with extraction efficiencies from the 2-cm monolithic column higher than those obtained from a commercial DNA extraction kit. These results position this novel matrix as an attractive alternative for solid-phase extraction of DNA and other biologically active molecules in microscale devices.
A Limited Sampling Strategy for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Mycophenolate Mofetil for Prophylaxis of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (2020)

A universally accepted strategy for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in the prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) does not exist. We explored the feasibility of developing a limited sampling strategy (LSS) for TDM of MMF in this setting. Patients undergoing alloHSCT received standard MMF-cyclosporine prophylaxis, with MMF administered twice daily (BD) for matched transplant recipients or thrice daily (TID) in haploidentical transplantation. Intensive blood sampling was carried out on day 7 and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of mycophenolic acid (MPA), the active metabolite, was estimated using noncompartmental analysis. The ability of MPA exposure defined by AUC<sub>0-12</sub> to discriminate between responders (patients who did not develop GVHD) and nonresponders (patients who developed GVHD) was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Patients were divided into training and validation sets within BD and TID groups. Mathematical equations were developed from the training set to predict AUC<sub>0-12</sub> from an abbreviated AUC involving a limited number of sampling points. The equations were validated in the validation set by comparing the MPA AUC<sub>0-12</sub> predicted from LSS with the observed AUC<sub>0-12</sub>. It was observed that patients with AUC<sub>0-12</sub> ≤18.99 mg*h/L had a higher risk of developing aGVHD [odds ratio (OR) = 2.63 (1.17 to 5.87), <i>P</i> = 0.06]. The benefit was more in matched transplant recipients [OR = 3.5 (1.30 to 9.49), <i>P</i> = 0.05] as compared to haploindentical transplant [OR = 2.8 (0.49 to 15.91), <i>P</i> = NS]. Using the mathematical equations, the observed AUC<sub>0-12</sub> was predicted with 92.31% accuracy in the BD subset and 100% accuracy in the TID subset for a combined accuracy of 94.76%. A set of just three samples that constituted the abbreviated AUC<sub>1-4</sub> was used to develop the predictive models. The LSS could be employed for the therapeutic monitoring of MMF particularly in patients undergoing matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Optical OFDM signal generation by optical phase modulator and its application in ROF system (2009)

We have demonstrated optical OFDM signal generation by an optical phase modulator and applied it in a 40GHz ROF symmetric system. The power penalty for the downlink data after transmission over 50km SMF is smaller than 0.5dB; while for the up-link data, the power penalty can be neglected.
Using instabilities in the long wavelength transverse optical mode to generate nuclear fusion (2006)

Various crystals such as lithium niobate or lithium tantalate display a phase transition due to an instability in the long wavelength transverse optical mode. These low-temperature phases develop huge electric fields which can accelerate ions to energies where nuclear fusion is observed [Nature 434, 1115–1117 (2005)]. [Research funded by DARPA, ONR, NSF.]
GaNAsSb: how does it compare with other dilute III V-nitride alloys? (2002)

International audience
Paraoxonase 1 192Gln/Arg polymorphism is associated with the risk of microangiopathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (2004)

This study suggests that the presence of the 192Arg-allele in the PON1 gene is a genetic risk factor for microangiopathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Effects on cancer patients of leukapheresis with the continuous-flow blood cell separator. II. Immunologic parameters in vitro. (1975)

The immunologic effects of leukapheresis on cancer patients and three other groups of donors using the continuous-flow blood cell separator are presented according to the protocol described in the preceding article. Transient declines were noted in per cent T-lymphocytes of some, but not all, leukapheresed normal donors and cancer patients. These declines were comparable to the small declines observed in sham donors and the fluctuations in per cent T-lymphocytes noted in individuals who did not undergo leukapheresis. There were no changes in lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity to a melanoma cell line in 2 of 4 melanoma patients, while values in 2 patients fell by about one-half within 4 hours and returned to preleukapheresis levels by 24 hours. Release of macrophage migration inhibition factor by lymphocytes from all 4 cancer patients and 4 normal donors, in whom this parameter was studied, fell transiently and returned to preleukaphresis levels within 24 hours. Blastogenic responses of lymphocytes from cancer patients and normal donors to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and in one way mixed lymphocyte reactions increased in several individuals and decreased slightly in others. There appears to be no significant immunosuppressive effects (within the parameters studied) of a single leukapheresis for lymphocytes on the blood cell separator, since changes in lymphocyte parameters were relatively minor, transient, and variable and, where studied, paralleled fluctuations observed in sham donors and individuals not undergoing leukapheresis.
Mass‐Transfer Study of Carbon Felt, Flow‐Through Electrode (1982)

The mass‐transfer characteristics of a carbon felt, flow‐through electrode that has potential application for the positive electrode in zinc‐bromine batteries were studied. The electrochemical technique of limiting current measurements for the cathodic reduction of bromine in excess supporting electrolytes was used. In an electrochemical cell with perpendicular flow of electrolyte and current, limiting currents that were proportional to the electrolyte velocity, , where , which was dependent on the electrode thickness but independent of the concentration of reactant species, were obtained at low Reynolds numbers. Analysis of the data using a model that relates the conversion efficiency of a porous electrode to a dimensionless group, , which contains experimental parameters such as porosity, pore diameter, flow rate, and diffusion coefficient, showed good agreement.
Synthesis of Si-Ge Oxide Nanowires via the Transformation of Si-Ge Thin Films with Self-Assembled Au Catalysts (2005)

A technique has been developed to transform a Si-Ge thin film into Si-Ge oxide nanowires with the assistance of Au particles through a three-step annealing process. A honeycomb network of Au colloidal nanoparticles was self-assembled; 400°C annealing removes the surface surfactant; 800°C annealing forms hexagonally self-assembled Au particles on the thin-film surface; finally, a 1075°C annealing results in the growth of oxide nanowires on the surfaces of Au particles. Synthesized nanowires have an emission peak at 3.3 eV. This technique is useful for growing silicon oxide nanowires with a tunable amount of Ge doping.