gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of photodynamic effects on NIH 3T3 cell line and bacteria (2012)

The goal of the present study was to test the efficiency of photosensitizers on the NIH 3T3 cell line and bacterial cells. Subsequently we would like to study effectiveness of photosensitizers bound to carriers (for example cyclodextrins) on other cell line and bacterial strain.
The Optimal Motor Response for Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block (2007)

We conclude that having initially located and blocked the musculocutaneous nerve, subsequent injection on a radial response resulted in a slightly more reliable success rate than injection with an ulnar or median response.
Vehicle-related crash deaths: A continuing challenge (2021)

From the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (H.R.C.); LLC (L.V.L.), Bethesda, MD. Submitted: March 3, 2021, Revised: June 21, 2021, Accepted: June 24, 2021, Published online: July 6, 2021. Address for reprints: Howard R. Champion, MD, FRCS (Edin, Eng), FACS, 954 Melvin Rd, Annapolis, MD 21403; email: [email protected]; Louis V. Lombardo, BS, LLC, #203, 4523 Sangamore Rd, Bethesda, MD 20816; email: [email protected].
Computational study of textured ferroelectric polycrystals: Texture development during templated grain growth (2017)

Quantitative relationships between processing, microstructure, and properties in textured ferroelectric polycrystals and the underlying responsible mechanisms are investigated by phase field modeling and computer simulation. This study focuses on three important aspects of textured ferroelectric ceramics: (i) grain microstructure evolution during templated grain growth processing, (ii) crystallographic texture development as a function of volume fraction and seed size of the templates, and (iii) dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the obtained template-matrix composites of textured polycrystals. Findings on the first two aspects are presented here, while an accompanying paper of this work reports findings on the third aspect. In this paper, grain microstructure evolution in the polycrystalline matrix with different template volume fractions and seed sizes is simulated. To quantitatively characterize the crystallographic texture development during templated grain growth processing, a numerical algorithm is developed to compute the diffraction peak intensities and Lotgering factor of the simulated polycrystals during grain microstructure evolution. This novel approach provides a direct link between phase field simulation and diffraction experiment. This computational study clarifies the effects of the template volume fraction and template seed size on the final grain microstructure and texture. It is found that, while the degree of crystallographic texture generally increases with increasing template volume fraction, it is the average distance between template seeds that plays an important role. This finding suggests that reducing the template seed size and shortening the seed distance is an effective way to achieve higher texture at a lower template volume fraction, which is highly desired for enhancing the piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric polycrystals. The computational results are compared with complementary experiments, where good agreement is obtained.
Synthesis of novel core-shell nanocomposites for fabricating high breakdown voltage ZnO varistors (2011)

A novel varistor-composite synthesis for the fabrication of high breakdown voltage ZnO varistors has been successfully developed. It involves coating ZnO nanoparticles with SiO2 through the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and the subsequent coating of additives on the core of the SiO2-coated ZnO particles, producing a double core-shell structure. The effect of the amount of TEOS used on the morphology of the synthesized composites and the microstructure, as well as the electrical property of the sintered samples from the double core-shell composites are fully studied. Such materials, with the appropriate amount of TEOS added (Si4+/Zn2+ = 0.15 moles) enables the superior electrical performance of ZnO varistors: high breakdown voltage (VB = 1123 V mm−1), excellent nonlinear coefficient (α = 42.5) and low leakage current (IL = 8.5 μA), compared with current commercial varistors and the sample from single core-shell composites. The high performance is attributed to the smaller ZnO grain size and perfect additive homogeneity. The SiO2-coating provides a better way to control the varistor microstructure through the formation of a nearly circular distribution of blocky Zn2SiO4 around the ZnO grains.
Meiosis reinitiation in the mollusc Patella vulgata. Regulation of MPF, CSF and chromosome condensation activity by intracellular pH, protein synthesis and phosphorylation (1988)

Abstract The dependency of some key events of the cell cycle upon pH, phosphorylation and protein synthesis was investigated during meiosis reinitiation of Patella vulgata oocytes stimulated by ammonia. In this report, we show, through heterologous microinjection experiments, that a stable maturation promoting factor (MPF) is actually produced under these conditions. This factor, which may be amplified in recipient germinal vesicle (GV)-blocked oocytes of the starfish Asterias rubens, but not of Patella, remains present in the metaphase-1-blocked oocytes for at least 2·5 h. Using effective concentrations of the protein synthesis inhibitor emetine, we further demonstrate that the appearance of this factor does not depend on newly made proteins, whereas the maintenance of metaphase-1 conditions and chromosome condensation activity (CCA), which has been related to the simultaneous presence of a cytostatic factor (CSF), requires a continuous supply of new short-lived proteins. Without this, the chromosomes decondense and the nuclear envelope reforms. Finally, we show that the entry into M-phase is accompanied by extensive protein phosphorylation, while the drug 6-dimethylami-nopurine (6-DMAP), which induces protein déphosphorylation without affecting protein synthesis or phosphoprotein phosphatase activity, produces the same cytological effects as emetine. The fact that the effect of 6-DMAP, both on protein phosphorylation and chromosome structure, is perfectly reversible indicates that Patella CSF activity must also be controlled at the posttranslational level, possibly through the activation of relevant protein kinases.
Efficient algorithm for optimal force distribution in multiple-chain robotic systems-the compact-dual LP method (2003)

The authors present a general and efficient algorithm, the compact-dual LP method, to solve the force distribution problem for multiple-chain robotic systems. In this method, the general solution of the linear equality constraints is obtained by transforming the underspecified matrix into row-reduced echelon form; then the linear equality constraints of the force distribution problem are eliminated. The duality theory of linear programming is also applied. The resulting method is applicable to a wide range of systems, constraints (friction constraints, joint torque constraints, etc.), and objective functions and yet is computationally efficient. The significance of this method is demonstrated by solving the force distribution problem for a grasping system. For an example involving two-finger grasping of an object and hard point contact with friction, the CPU time on a VAX-11/785 computer is only 1.47 ms. If four fingers are considered, then the CPU time is less than 45 ms, which should be suitable for real-time application.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Efficacy of practised screening methods for detection of cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (2006)

Many isolates found resistant only to cefpodoxime at the source sites proved not to have ESBLs or AmpC; screening with cefotaxime and ceftazidime allowed better specificity for identification of mechanism-based resistance, as did the automated systems. Cefpodoxime disc tests nevertheless remain a useful primary screen for laboratories prepared only to test one agent.
A Comparative design of a MIMO Neural Adaptive Rate Damping for a Nonlinear Helicopter Model (2000)

Using a nonlinear 15-state helicopter model in 6 DOF, two di erent neural control systems, both acting as rate damping, have been designed and compared. They are both based on the reference model direct inverse scheme, but they di er each from the other for the identi cation of the inverse model: the rst one is a MIMO feedforward two-layered neural network, while the second one is a combination of three MISO feedforward two-layered neural networks connected in parallel. The strong dynamic cross-coupling, that characterizes the model, has enabled us to verify the actual MIMO capability of both the neural rate damping con gurations. However the multi-MISO version has demonstrated to have a more robust adaptive ability.
A model-driven approach to performability analysis of dynamically reconfigurable component-based systems (2007)

Dynamic reconfiguration techniques appear promising to build component-based (C-B) systems for application domains that have strong adaptability requirements, like the mobile and the service-oriented computing domains. However, introducing dynamic reconfiguration features into a C-B application makes even more challenging the design and verification of functional and non functional requirements. Our goal is to support the model-based analysis of the effectiveness of reconfigurable C-B applications, with a focus on the assessment of the non-functional performance and reliability attributes. As a first step towards this end, we address the issue of selecting suitable analysis models for reconfigurable systems, suggesting to this end the use of joint performance and reliability (performability) models. Furthermore, we propose a model-driven approach to automatically transform a design model into an analysis model. For this purpose, we build on the existence of intermediate languages that have been proposed to facilitate this transformation and we extend one of them, to capture the core features (from a performance/reliability viewpoint) of a dynamically reconfigurable C-B system. Finally, we illustrate by a simple application example the main steps of the proposed approach.
How Do High School Students Learn the Importance of Fats in the Diet? Analysis of the Fatty Acid Composition of Bakery Products (2023)

The high level of consumption of processed foods has an effect on human health. The consumption of doughnuts, pastries, fried chicken, French fried potatoes, snack chips, and imitation cheese is high among teenagers. These foods are generally rich in fats, although the focus has often been on the quantity rather than the quality of these fats. These products often contain saturated and trans fatty acids, which have adverse effects on triglycerides and cholesterol levels and raise lipoprotein(a) levels in plasma. These modifications are associated with the risk of developing certain health conditions, such as heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. It is important to note that not all fats have this negative effect on health. Dietary fats are an essential part that cannot be substituted for a healthy diet. A diet rich in healthy fats, such as monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, has an important benefit in human health. For this reason, it is crucial to read, identify, and interpret food labels in processed food to identify the presence of saturated or trans fats and choose healthier alternatives. Therefore, in this workshop, students in the first year of baccalaureate extracted oils and fats from a range of processed foods, quantifying and characterizing their nature by analyzing their fatty acid composition by gas chromatography. Subsequently, students compared their results according to the information given on the food package label and the literature. Finally, the students gave a talk on the work done in the laboratory and the knowledge gained from the students in lower grades, third and fourth years of high school, to raise awareness among these students.
Courants marins : l’histoire d'une bouteille à la mer (2014)

National audience
Recommendations for DNSSEC Resolvers Operators (2020)

The DNS Security Extensions define a process for validating received
data and assert them authentic and complete as opposed to forged.
This document is focused clarifying the scope and responsibilities of
DNSSEC Resolver Operators (DRO) as well as operational recommendations
that DNSSEC validators operators SHOULD put in place in order to
implement sufficient Trust that makes DNSSEC validation output
accurate. The recommendations described in this document include,
provisioning mechanisms as well as monitoring and management
mechanisms.
Synthesekontrolle und Charakterisierung höherer Peptide durch Anwendung der 13C‐NMR‐Spektroskopie (1979)

Control of Synthesis and Characterization of Higher‐Molecular Peptides by Means of 13 C n.m.r. Spectroscopy The 13 C n.m.r. spectra of the C‐terminal bovine insulin decapeptide derivative Boc‐Glu(OBzl)‐Arg(H + )‐Gly‐Phe‐Phe‐Tyr(Bzl)‐Thr(Bzl)‐Pro‐Lys(Z)‐Ala‐OBzl as well as the amino acid and peptide intermediates used in its synthesis, have been measured and assigned as extensively as possible. The use of 13 C n.m.r. spectroscopy as a method for controlling the synthesis and for the characterization of higher‐molecular peptides is discussed.
ESTRADIOL-17β, ESTRONE, AND PROGESTERONE IN THE OVARIES OF DOGFISH (SQUALUS SUCKLEYI) (1960)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
The ribosomal protein altered in spectinomycin resistant Escherichia coli (1970)

In a previous paper [l] using reconstitution experiments 121 we reported the identification of the 30 S ribosomal protein conferring sensitivity to the antibiotic spectinomycin in Escherichiu coli. The present work shows that the mutation to spectinomycin resistance (spc') significantly alters one particular protein of the 30 S moeity. This modification is revealed by chromatographic analysis of several independent spc' mutants.
Growth properties and tumorigenesis of MCF-7 cells transfected with isogenic mutants of rasH. (1990)

MCF-7 human breast cancer cells are estrogen dependent for maximal in vitro growth and for tumor formation in nude mice, thus providing a useful model system to study mammary tumorigenesis. A clone of MCF-7 cells transfected with the v-rasH oncogene has been shown to form tumors in the absence of estradiol [Kasid et al., 1985, Science (Wash. DC), 228:725-728]. To extend this observation to more clones of v-rasH-expressing MCF-7 cells and to examine the effects of rasH mutation, we transfected MCF-7 cells with a construct encoding the human c-rasH protooncogene protein product and with three isogenic constructs encoding proteins containing point mutations: arg-12, thr-59, and arg-12 + thr-59 (v-rasH). We isolated several cell lines which produced levels of c-rasH and v-rasH p21 at 30- to 50-fold the levels of controls. We also isolated several cell lines producing the various mutants p21s. All of the transfected cell lines were estrogen-responsive for cell growth. Transfected cells containing high levels of rasH p21 had correspondingly high levels of growth in an anchorage-independent growth assay. Tumorigenesis studies in nude mice, however, showed that some, but not all of the cell lines expressing v-rasH, formed tumors in the absence of estradiol. Tumor formation did not correlate with the level of rasH p21 expression in these cell lines. No tumor formation in the absence of estradiol was observed for cell lines expressing single-mutated or unmutated forms of rasH.
Digital Chemical Vapor Deposition of SiO2 Using a Repetitive Reaction of Triethylsilane/Hydrogen and Oxidation (1991)

The extraction reaction of hydrogen in triethylsilane (TES) with hydrogen radicals generated by a remote plasma of H 2 produces an organic Si film. Step coverage features of the film depend strongly on H 2 concentration in the TES+H 2 reaction system. A conformal profile has been achieved for 60% H 2 at 250°C as a result of the low-viscosity nature of the film which includes C x H y groups. With the aim of filling a deep trench with hlgh-quality SiO 2 film, digital chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which was carried out by repeating a cycle of the conformal deposition of the Si film and subsequent oxidation, was studied. The SiO 2 film which was deposited at 250°C and with an initial thickness per cycle of 5 Å at a 1 s oxygen pulse offered a low concentration of organic species, and thus a relatively low BHF etch rate.
Oculomotor, vestibular, reaction time, and cognitive tests as objective measures of neural deficits in patients post COVID-19 infection (2022)

This study demonstrates the feasibility of OVRT-C testing to provide objective measures of neural deficits in people recovering from COVID-19 infection. Such testing may serve as an efficient tool for identifying hidden neurological deficits post COVID-19, screening patients at risk of developing long COVID, and may help guide rehabilitation and treatment strategies.
Effects of calcium channel blockade on histamine induced bronchoconstriction in mild asthma. (1984)

Inhalation histamine dose-response curves were constructed 15 minutes after inhalation of saline placebo or verapamil (4 mg) for eight patients with mild atopic asthma in a double blind, random manner. No significant change in baseline specific airways conductance occurred after inhalation of verapamil, though there was a significant decrease in sensitivity to histamine (increase in threshold of response) (p less than 0.01). There was, however, an associated significant increase (p less than 0.01) in the slopes of the subsequent histamine dose-response curves.
Temperature distribution in atherosclerotic coronary arteries: influence of plaque geometry and flow (a numerical study) (2004)

Intravascular coronary thermography is a method that may detect vulnerable, atherosclerotic plaques and is currently evaluated in a clinical setting. Active macrophages or enzymatic heat releasing processes in vulnerable plaques may act as heat sources. To better understand the parameters of influence on thermographic measurements, numerical simulations have been performed on a model of a coronary artery segment containing a heat source. Heat source parameters and flow were varied to study their influence on temperatures at the lumen wall. Maximal temperature differences at the lumen wall increased when the source volume increased and they differ with the source geometry. The simulations showed that blood flow acts as a coolant to the lumen wall. Blood flow decreased maximal temperatures depending on the source geometry, source volume and the maximal flow velocity. Influence of flow was highest for circumferentially extended sources, up to a factor 3.7, and lowest for longitudinally extended sources, down to a factor 1.9. When cap thickness increased, maximal temperatures decreased and the influence of flow increased. This study shows that correct interpretation of intravascular thermographic measurements requires data on the flow and on the morphologic characteristics of the atherosclerotic plaque.
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DOUBLED HAPLOID LINES IN SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L. (2012)

ISHS XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): International Symposium on New Developments in Plant Genetics and Breeding DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DOUBLED HAPLOID LINES IN SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.
COLLAPSE‐SUBMERGENCE METHOD: SIMPLE COLONOSCOPIC TECHNIQUE COMBINING WATER INFUSION WITH COMPLETE AIR REMOVAL FROM THE RECTOSIGMOID COLON (2006)

Colonoscopy is a difficult examination to conduct for inexperienced examiners. In an attempt to improve the view, there is often a tendency to overinsufflate air, which causes elongation or acute angulations of the colon and makes passage of the scope difficult. Sakai et al . were the first to describe a simple colonoscopic technique using water infusion instead of air insufflation. We have modified this technique to simplify the procedure further by combining water infusion using disposable syringes with complete air suction from the rectum to the descending colon. With the resultant elimination of the boundary lines between water and air, a good view of the lumen is obtained though the transparent water. With the patient in the left lateral position, this procedure allows the water to flow straight down into the descending colon through the ‘collapsed’ lumen, and the scope to be easily negotiated through the straightened recto‐sigmoid colon and sigmoid‐descending colon junction with minimum discomfort. Measurements of the patients’ abdominal circumference during colonoscopy showed that colonic distension hardly occurred. Under supervision by the author, six complete novices were allowed to insert the colonoscope within 10 min by this method for one patient per week, as long as the patients did not complain of pain. The average trial number for the first cecal intubation within 10 min was 3.3, and the average success rate during the first 3 months was 58.6%. We believe that this ‘collapse‐submergence method’ is easy to master, even for inexperienced examiners.
Designing a miniaturised heated stage for in situ optical measurements of solid oxide fuel cell electrode surfaces, and probing the oxidation of solid oxide fuel cell anodes using in situ Raman spectroscopy (2012)

A novel miniaturised heated stage for in operando optical measurements on solid oxide fuel cell electrode surfaces is described. The design combines the advantages of previously reported designs, namely, (i) fully controllable dual atmosphere operation enabling fuel cell pellets to be tested in operando with either electrode in any atmosphere being the focus of study, and (ii) combined electrochemical measurements with optical spectroscopy measurements with the potential for highly detailed study of electrochemical processes; with the following advances, (iii) integrated fitting for mounting on a mapping stage enabling 2-D spatial characterisation of the surface, (iv) a compact profile that is externally cooled, enabling operation on an existing microscope without the need for specialized lenses, (v) the ability to cool very rapidly, from 600 °C to 300 °C in less than 5 min without damaging the experimental apparatus, and (vi) the ability to accommodate a range of pellet sizes and thicknesses.