gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Characterization of the Association of Nine Novel Cyclodextrin Derivatives with Two Guest Compounds (2020)

We investigate the binding of native β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and eight novel β-CD derivatives with two different guest compounds, using isothermal calorimetry (ITC) and 2D NOESY NMR. In all cases, the stoichiometry is 1:1 and binding is exothermic. Overall, modifications at the 3’ position of β-CD, which is at the secondary face, weaken binding by several kJ/mol relative to native β-CD, while modifications at the 6’ position (primary face) maintain or somewhat reduce the binding affinity. The variations in binding enthalpy are larger than the variations in binding free energy, so entropy-enthalpy compensation is observed. Characterization of the bound conformations with NOESY NMR shows that the polar groups of the guests may be situated at either face, depending on the host molecule, and, in some cases, both orientations are populated. The present results were used in the SAMPL7 blinded prediction challenge whose results are detailed in the same special issue of JCAMD.
Dependence of compaction in fused silica on laser pulsewidth at 248 nm (Abstract Only) (1999)

Designers of DUV lithographic lenses are faced with serious materials problems relating to compaction and color-center formation in fused silica, especially at 193 nm. However, these problems, while less sever, are not negligible at 248 nm. Compaction appears to be the more serious, since it degrades imaging performance and effectively sets the lifetime limit for the lens. Previous damage studies have clearly shown that fused silica compacts as a function of the parameter grouping (NI<SUP>2</SUP>/(tau) ), where (tau) is the pulsewidth. This fact has strongly influenced the design of the excimer laser light source by stressing repetition rate over pulse energy as a way of achieving high average power, and by driving the optical pulsewidth to be as long as possible. These studies, however, have emphasized the dependence of damage rates on the energy density I(mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>), whereas the optical pulsewidth (tau) has been given only cursory attention and has not been well controlled during the damage experiments. In this paper we report the results of an experiment to more clearly establish the functional dependency of compaction on laser pulsewidth.
Treatment options of AIDS-related lymphoma (2003)

Recently, the median survival of patients with AIDS-related lymphoma has changed significantly. This effect is mainly because of changes in the use of antiviral (highly active antiretroviral therapy; HAART) or chemotherapy regimens. Several novel treatment options have been explored in patients with lymphoma. It is hoped that innovative strategies will lead to a survival benefit in these patients. In this review, we present an update of current strategies for the treatment of AIDS-related lymphoma.
Characterisation of high-efficiency multi-junction solar cells and tunnel junctions (2011)

Tunnel junctions for use in solar cells and monolithic multi junction solar cells are studied experimentally. The current density-voltage characteristic of an AlGaAs/AlGaAs tunnel junction having a mesa resistance of 0.11 mO·cm2 is determined using time-averaged measurements. A tunneling peak higher than the operating point of a solar cell is recorded by this method, with a value of ∼950 A/cm2. Due to the unstable nature of the negative differential resistance region of the current density-voltage curve, measurements of the tunneling peak and valley current densities are obscured. A time-dependent analysis is performed on this sample, from which a tunneling peak of a value larger than 1100 A/cm 2 is determined. An A1GaAs/InGaP tunnel junction having a tunneling peak of 80 A/cm2 is presented. Multi junction solar cells fabricated using indium tin-oxide as transparent top electrodes are measured. These cells have a maximal efficiency of 25.1% at 3 suns illumination and 26.1% at 20 suns, ∼40% lower efficiency than the standard multi junction solar cell.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Esters to Alcohols: Unexpected Reactivity Trend Indicates Ester Enolate Intermediacy (2015)

The atom-efficient and environmentally benign catalytic hydrogenation of carboxylic acid esters to alcohols has been accomplished in recent years mainly with precious-metal-based catalysts, with few exceptions. Presented here is the first cobalt-catalyzed hydrogenation of esters to the corresponding alcohols. Unexpectedly, the evidence indicates the unprecedented involvement of ester enolate intermediates.
Structural and magnetic properties of epitaxial thin films of the equiatomic quaternary CoFeMnSi Heusler alloy (2017)

We report the structural and magnetic properties of CoFeMnSi equiatomic quaternary Heusler alloy thin films. The epitaxial growth of the single-crystalline films with full $B2$ and partial $L{2}_{1}$ ordering on the Cr-buffered MgO(001) substrate was achieved using the in situ postannealing at temperature (${T}_{\mathrm{a}}$) of $500\ensuremath{-}600{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}\mathrm{C}$. A saturation magnetization value of about $3.5\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\mathrm{B}}/\mathrm{f}.\mathrm{u}.$ (where f.u. represents formula unit) was obtained at room temperature for the sample with ${T}_{\mathrm{a}}=600{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}\mathrm{C}$, which is very close to the value of $3.7\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\mathrm{B}}/\mathrm{f}.\mathrm{u}.$ reported previously for a bulk sample. Ferromagnetic resonance unveiled that negligible extrinsic relaxation due to magnetic softness as well as small intrinsic spin relaxation, i.e., the Gilbert damping constant of 0.005, which is smaller than that of permalloy. The spin magnetic moments for Co, Fe, and Mn atoms for the sample with ${T}_{\mathrm{a}}=600{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}\mathrm{C}$ deduced from the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism were in agreement with those previously reported in the bulk sample, the effects of Fe-Mn swapping and Mn antisite disorder were discussed.
Effect of Polymer Nanoparticle Formation on the Efficiency of Polythiophene Based “Bulk-Heterojunction” Solar Cells (2008)

Polythiophenes are being intensively studied for use in polymer/fullerene bulk-heterojunction photovoltaic (PV) devices because they absorb light throughout the entire visible spectrum and show high hole mobility, which are the two most important parameters for a successful donor in these devices. A large body of anecdotal information exists about what morphological features lead to a high efficiency bulk-heterojunction PV device, but few design parameters for improved polymers exist. We compare two polythiophene isomers, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and poly(3,3′′′-didodecylquaterthiophene) (PQT-12) to determine which parameters make these two polymers more and less suitable for use in bulk-heterojunction solar cells. We find that although they have nearly identical absorption spectra and hole mobilities, the PV devices made using P3HT are far superior to those made using PQT-12 because the PQT-12 forms crystalline nanoparticles in solution that do not form electrical connections in the thin films. The use of heat treatment for P3HT/fullerene films improves the layer morphology for PV applications but the same treatment for PQT-12/fullerene layers forces material separation on the micrometer length scale and further degradation of the electrical properties of the device.
Linezolid resistance: detection of the cfr(B) gene in French clinical MRSA strains (2022)

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of the presence of cfr(B) in staphylococci, more specifically in linezolid-resistant MRSA strains. This finding illustrates the risk of horizontal intergenus transfer of oxazolidinone resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus and highlights the need to monitor such emergence in this species.
Predicting Contextual Informativeness for Vocabulary Learning (2018)

Vocabulary knowledge is essential to educational progress. High quality vocabulary instruction requires supportive contextual examples to teach word meaning and proper usage. Identifying such contexts by hand for a large number of words can be difficult. In this work, we take a statistical learning approach to engineer a system that predicts informativeness of a context for target words that span the range of difficulty from middle school to college level. Our database (released open source) includes 1,000 hand-selected words associated with approximately 70,000 contextual examples gathered from the Internet. Our training data included each context rated by 10 individuals on a four-point informativeness scale. We process the text of each context into a novel collection of approximately 600 numerical features that captures diverse linguistic information. We then fit a nonparametric regression model using Random Forests and compute out-of-sample prediction performance using cross-validation. Our system performs well enough that it can replace a human judge: for a target word not found in our dataset, we can provide curated contexts to a student learner such that most of the contexts (54 percent) feature rich contextual clues and confusing contexts are rare ( <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$&lt;$</tex-math> </inline-formula> 1 percent). The quality of our curated contexts was validated by an independent panel of high school language arts teachers.
Technical Performance as a Predictor of Clinical Outcomes in Laparoscopic Gastric Cancer Surgery (2018)

Intraoperative technical performance predicts major short-term outcomes in laparoscopic gastrectomy for cancer. Ongoing assessment and enhancement of surgical skills using modern, evidence-based strategies might improve short-term patient outcomes. Future work should focus on developing and studying the effectiveness of such interventions in laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery.
FUNDAMENTAL STUDY ON EVALUATING ROCK SLOPE STABILITY BY VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS USING REMOTE VIBRATION MEASURING SYSTEM (2014)

FUNDAMENTAL STUDY ON EVALUATING ROCK SLOPE STABILITY BY VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS USING REMOTE VIBRATION MEASURING SYSTEM - 4th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering - 12-14 June 2013 - Kos Island Greece
Innovative effector design for simulation training in robotic surgery (2010)

Feasibility and effectiveness of minimally invasive surgery have made the use of robotic surgical system a rising prevalence with a wide range of applications. However, as a remarkable result, how to adroitly and precisely manipulate the sophisticated robotic surgery instruments is of fundamental importance to new surgeons. In order to provide the robotic surgical skill training for surgeons, we designed and built a training simulator with virtual reality equipped with two new hardware interfaces (effectors) which can emulate the operating process of the actual manipulators in the robotic surgical system. By using our designed framework, medical trainees can use the simulator to practice the fundamental technique of the surgical operation. To develop training platform and analyze performance, personal real time operating data, such like space position, moving speed and acceleration parameters of the virtual robotic instruments, can be collected by the sensors on the effectors and transmitted through wireless communication to the PC terminal for surgical skill performance analysis.
Loss of SOCS3 in myeloid cells prolongs survival in a syngeneic model of glioma (2016)

In glioma, microglia and macrophages are the largest population of tumor-infiltrating cells, referred to as glioma associated macrophages (GAMs). Herein, we sought to determine the role of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3), a negative regulator of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), in GAM functionality in glioma. We utilized a conditional model in which SOCS3 deletion is restricted to the myeloid cell population. We found that SOCS3-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages display enhanced and prolonged expression of pro-inflammatory M1 cytokines when exposed to glioma tumor cell conditioned medium in vitro. Moreover, we found that deletion of SOCS3 in the myeloid cell population delays intracranial tumor growth and increases survival of mice bearing orthotopic glioma tumors in vivo. Although intracranial tumors from mice with SOCS3-deficient myeloid cells appear histologically similar to control mice, we observed that loss of SOCS3 in myeloid cells results in decreased M2 polarized macrophage infiltration in the tumors. Furthermore, loss of SOCS3 in myeloid cells results in increased CD8+ T-cell and decreased regulatory T-cell infiltration in the tumors. These findings demonstrate a beneficial effect of M1 polarized macrophages on suppressing glioma tumor growth, and highlight the importance of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.
Numerical Study on Reverse Flow Charcteristics in an Axial Compressor Cascade (2000)

Numerical simulation is performed with Denton's code to get pressure loss coefficients in wide range of reverse flow incidence(from -90 degree to +85 degree) for an axial compressor cascade. As a results, it is found that the pressure loss coefficient is increased with incidence and there exist critical incidence which corresponds to the maximum pressure loss coefficient. Pressure loss coefficient with bigger incidence than its critical value is decreased. The effect of increasing incidence in a cascade extremely reduce the mass flow rate by the large flow separation region. Consequently this effect reduce the portion of dynamic pressure in the total pressure loss and beyond the critical incidence the pressure loss coefficient decrease
P40 Full-field displacement measurement and crack detection during the bending test of RC beam (2006)

Ful1field displacernent rneasurement and
Low Postoperative Levels of C-Reactive Protein Are an Early Predictor for an Uncomplicated Course After Bariatric Surgery: A Retrospective, Validated Cohort Study (2020)

A CRP level on day 2 <120 mg/L is a good predictor of a postoperative course without leakage, even though the predictive value goes down for late-appearing events. An earlier CRP measurement added no predictive benefit. The cutoff value was validated in an internal cohort and could be applied to different populations.
Ensiling Cattle Waste with Rye Straw as a Diet Supplement for Ruminants (1981)

A small silo study was conducted to determine the ensiling time and the proportion of cattle waste to rye straw necessary for optimum fermentation. Feces and urine (waste) collected from cattle fed a high concentrate diet were ensiled with ground rye straw in the following proportions, wet basis; 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40 and 70:30. No reductions in soluble carbohydrate content or changes in pH and lactic acid were noted after the first week of ensiling, indicating that ensiling was complete. All total and fecal coliforms, and salmonella, shigella and proteus were destroyed in all the mixtures after 1 week of ensiling. Lactic acid content tended to increase as level of waste increased, but pH values were similar for all silages. Water soluble carbohydrate content increased with increasing levels of waste. In vitro dry matter digestibility increased linearly (P<.05) with increasing levels of cattle waste. Six diet treatments (1) basal diet, (2) 50% basal diet plus 50% ensited straw and (3-6) 50% basal diet plus 50% of four of the five mixtures of cattle waste-rye straw silages (30:70 mixture excluded) were evaluated in a sheep metabolism trial. Dry matter digestibility was higher (P<.05) for the diets containing the cattle waste-rye straw silage than for the diet containing ensiled rye straw, but lower (P<.05) than that for the basal diet. Dry matter digestibility did not differ (P>.05) among the waste silages, when calculated by difference, but was higher (P<.05) than that for the ensiled rye straw alone. N retention was negative for all sheep except those fed the basal diet.
MMSE-GDFE lattice decoding for solving under-determined linear systems with integer unknowns (2004)

Minimum mean square error generalized decision-feedback equalizer (MMSE-GDFE) lattice decoding is shown to be an efficient decoding strategy for under-determined linear channels. The proposed algorithm consists of an MMSE-GDFE front-end followed by a lattice reduction algorithm with a greedy ordering technique and, finally, a lattice search stage. By introducing flexibility in the termination strategy of the lattice search stage, we allow for trading performance for a reduction in the complexity. The proposed algorithm is shown, through experimental results in MIMO quasistatic channels, to offer significant gains over the state of the art decoding algorithms in terms of performance enhancement and complexity reduction. On the one hand, when the search is pursued until the best lattice point is found, the performance of the proposed algorithm is shown to be within a small fraction of a dB from the maximum likelihood (ML) decoder while offering a large reduction in complexity compared to the most efficient implementation of ML decoding proposed by Dayal and Varanasi (e.g., an order of magnitude in certain representative scenarios). On the other hand, when the search is terminated after the first point is found, the algorithm only requires linear complexity while offering significant performance gains (in the order of several dBs) over the linear complexity algorithm proposed recently by Yao and Wornell.
Attempts to replace nut coke with semi-coke for blast furnace ironmaking (2021)

Low coke rate for blast furnace operation has been required in response to the rising cost of coking coals. To extend the utilisation of coal resources, semi-coke has been introduced to blast furnace ironmaking process in recent years, however, there are still many issues unclear about the effect of semi-coke on ironmaking process. In this study, the possibilities of using semi-coke as alternative fuel for nut coke were studied. The characteristics of semi-coke including mechanical strength, high-temperature strength/reactivity, carbon gasification as well as direct reduction were studied and compared with small size metallurgical cokes (nut cokes). The results showed that semi-coke has higher CRI values, especially at higher temperatures and in a mix-charging pattern. Semi-coke was found to have a higher gasification reaction rate and depleted at lower temperatures. The reduction results showed that with participating of semi-coke the reaction starts at lower temperatures. In addition, the study suggested that semi-coke exhibits the advantages of low ash and sulphur contents, although it has lower mechanical strength, it would protect the lump coke by shifting the carbon gasification to itself, therefore, mixing semi-coke would benefit the blast furnace operation and lower the coke rate.
Studies in congenital porphyria. 2. Incorporation of 15N in the stercobilin in the normal and in the porphyric (1950)

INCORPORATION OF -15N INTO COPROPORPHYRIN ETC. 87 found in normals by Shemin & Rittenberg (1946) and London et al. (1949). This would indicate that the turnover rate of the glycine 'pool' is greater in the porphyric than has been found so far in normal sub- jects.
Heuristic Planning for Hybrid Systems (2016)

Planning in hybrid systems has been gaining research interest in the Artificial Intelligence community in recent years. Hybrid systems allow for a more accurate representation of real world problems, though solving them is very challenging due to complex system dynamics and a large model feature set. We developed DiNo, a new planner designed to tackle problems set in hybrid domains.DiNo is based on the discretise and validate approach and uses the novel Staged Relaxed Planning Graph+ (SRPG+) heuristic.
Seeding of InP islands on InAs quantum dot templates (2001)

The ability of stacking layers of islands and their corresponding alignment have prompted a number of studies. The main focus so far has been on stacking self-assembled quantum dot (QD) layers of the same material and composition. Our goal is to create systems of coupled QDs of different electronic properties, aiming at hybridization of their different electronic levels. In this work, we investigate the early stages of the coupling of alternate InAs–InP QD layers through a GaAs spacer layer. We have found that by using an InAs layer containing QDs as seeds, we can control the size, shape and density of InP islands by varying the spacer thickness. We have observed a significant improvement of the InP island size uniformity, as well as an induced size reduction, thus providing an extra degree of tunability previously available only through growth kinetics.
The cutaneous microflora of adolescent, persistent andlate-onset acne patients does not differ (2000)

The cutaneous microbiology and antibody status to Propionibacterium acnes of patients with persistent (males, n = 32; females, n = 33) and late-onset (females, n = 25) acne were compared with individuals with adolescent acne (males, n = 22; females, n = 18) and normal control volunteers (persistent acne: males, n = 26; females, n = 30; late-onset: females, n = 20). Males had significantly higher grades of acne compared with females (P < 0.05). The microflora consisted in the main of propionibacteria, staphylococci and Malassezia; other bacteria represented less than 0.01% of the total microflora. At all sites for all samples there were significantly more propionibacteria than staphylococci or Malassezia (P < 0.05). There were significantly higher (P < 0.05) numbers of microorganisms in follicular casts from patients compared with their control volunteers for female facial skin and male back skin. Twenty-six papules and 48 normal follicles were analysed. A bimodal distribution of microbial colonization was noted, with about 90% of normal follicles and about 10% of acne follicles having no detectable viable microorganisms. Anti-P. acnes IgG antibody titres were measured using a secondary fluorescein isothiocyanate antibody technique, and no significant differences in titre were found between any groups of patients (P > 0.05). Correlation analysis showed no association between the population densities of P. acnes and anti-P. acnes IgG titres. There were no differences in the microbiology of skin of adolescent acne patients, persistent acne patients or late-onset acne patients which could account for these various forms of acne.
Analysis of Deep-Level Defects on Proton Implanted Polycrystalline Silicon Thin Films Using Photoinduced Current Transient Spectroscopy (2010)

Photoinduced current transient spectroscopy was used to investigate the defect states and capture kinetics of charge carriers for traps in low temperature polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) films. A broad deep trap was found to be located 0.30 eV from the conduction band edge of poly-Si with capture cross section of 1.51×10 -15 cm 2 . The variation of the trap capture kinetics with filling pulse time showed extended traps and linear arrays of traps, which might be grain boundary defects. Proton implantation and H-plasma treatment were used to improve poly-Si device characteristics, with traps more effectively suppressed by the former treatment. The ionized hydrogen atoms implanted into the poly-Si films are imputed to amorphize the defective poly-Si film with post-annealing enhancing re-crystallization, resulting films with fewer defects.