gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural analysis of three-dimensional mesh fabric by Micro X-ray computed tomography (2019)

Three-dimensional mesh fabric is a special type of knitted spacer fabric with sandwich structure consisting of two separate meshed multifilament outer layers linked together with a layer of spacer monofilaments. It has found wide applications in home textiles and automotive industry due to its good energy-absorbing performance and ventilation property. This article presents a comprehensive structural analysis on a mesh spacer fabric of thickness 10.3 mm in order to place a solid foundation to enhance the understanding of the structural features and mechanical behavior. The real geometric structure was reconstructed by scanning the fabric via Micro X-ray computed tomography. The spacer monofilaments and meshed outer layers were analyzed quantitatively based on the Micro X-ray computed tomography reconstruction. It was found that the spacer monofilaments are different in length, curvature, and torsion. The spacer monofilament lengths can be ranging from 9.43 to 10.77 mm. Their curvatures varied from around 0.1 to 0.3 mm −1 . The torsions of spacer monofilaments can be positive and negative with different directions of twisting and had a certain degree of symmetry between two adjacent wales. The monofilament loops in the outer layers also varied in height, width, and enclosed area. Three-dimensional mesh fabric is a periodic but highly inhomogeneous structure.
键合方法研制InAsP/InGaAsP量子阱1.3μm垂直腔面发射激光器 (2008)

设计并研制了由InAsP/InGaAsP应变补偿多量子阱有源层、SiO2/TiO2介质薄膜和GaAs/Al(Ga)As半导体分布布拉格反射镜(DBR)构成的垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL).采用直接键合技术实现InP基有源层与GaAs基DBR的晶片融合,并经过侧向湿法腐蚀定义电流限制孔径和沉积介质薄膜DBR等关键器件工艺,研制出InAsP/InGaAsP量子阱垂直腔面发射激光器,其阈值电流为13.5mA,单模激射波长为1288.6nm.
Synthesis of Styrenes Using Ruthenium-Catalyzed Ring-Closing Enyne Metathesis (2008)

The synthesis of substituted styrenes was achieved by ring-closing enyne metathesis (RCEM)/elimination of enyne substrates 12. The synthetic approach was also effective for a different type of enyne substrate 14, yielding corresponding styrene 15.
Impact of Antinutritional Factors in Food Proteins on the Digestibility of Protein and the Bioavailability of Amino Acids and on Protein Quality (2012)

Dietary antinutritional factors have been reported to adversely affect the digestibility of protein, bioavailability of amino acids and protein quality of foods. Published data on these negative effects of major dietary antinutritional factors are summarized in this manuscript. Digestibility and the quality of mixed diets in developing countries are considerably lower than of those in developed regions. For example, the digestibility of protein in traditional diets from developing countries such as India, Guatemala and Brazil is considerably lower compared to that of protein in typical North American diets (54-78 versus 88-94 %). Poor digestibility of protein in the diets of developing countries, which are based on less refined cereals and grain legumes as major sources of protein, is due to the presence of less digestible protein fractions, high levels of insoluble fibre, and/or high concentrations of antinutritional factors present endogenously or formed during processing. Examples of naturally occurring antinutritional factors include glucosinolates in mustard and canola protein products, trypsin inhibitors and haemagglutinins in legumes, tannins in legumes and cereals, gossypol in cottonseed protein products, and uricogenic nucleobases in yeast protein products. Heat/alkaline treatments of protein products may yield Maillard reaction compounds, oxidized forms of sulphur amino acids, D-amino acids and lysinoalanine (LAL, an unnatural nephrotoxic amino acid derivative). Among common food and feed protein products, soyabeans are the most concentrated source of trypsin inhibitors. The presence of high levels of dietary trypsin inhibitors from soyabeans, kidney beans or other grain legumes have been reported to cause substantial reductions in protein and amino acid digestibility (up to 50 %) and protein quality (up to 100 %) in rats and/or pigs. Similarly, the presence of high levels of tannins in sorghum and other cereals, fababean and other grain legumes can cause significant reductions (up to 23 %) in protein and amino acid digestibility in rats, poultry, and pigs. Normally encountered levels of phytates in cereals and legumes can reduce protein and amino acid digestibility by up to 10 %. D-amino acids and LAL formed during alkaline/heat treatment of lactalbumin, casein, soya protein or wheat protein are poorly digestible (less than 40 %), and their presence can reduce protein digestibility by up to 28 % in rats and pigs, and can cause a drastic reduction (100 %) in protein quality, as measured by rat growth methods. The adverse effects of antinutritional factors on protein digestibility and protein quality have been reported to be more pronounced in elderly rats (20-months old) compared to young (5-weeks old) rats, suggesting the use of old rats as a model for assessing the protein digestibility of products intended for the elderly.
Wavelet packet transform for feature extraction of EEG during mental tasks (2004)

Wavelet packet transform (WPT) based feature extraction of the electroencephalogram (EEG) is introduced. Six-channel EEG data of four subjects were recorded while they performed three different mental tasks. Approximate one-second data segments were divided and transformed to multi-scale representations by dyadic wavelet packet decomposition channel by channel. Power values of different sub-spaces of six-channel EEG signals formed the feature vectors. A radial basis function (RBF) network was applied to classify the three task pairs. The average classification accuracy of four subjects over three task pairs is 85.3%. Compared with the two autoregressive (AR) model methods, wavelet packet transform would be a promising method to extract features from EEG signals.
Mapping Prefrontal CircuitsIn Vivowith Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Monkeys (2008)

Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) provides a powerful tool to study multisynaptic circuits in vivo and thereby to link information about neural structure and function within individual subjects. Making the best use of MEMRI in monkeys requires minimizing manganese-associated neurotoxicity, maintaining sensitivity to manganese-dependent signal changes and mapping transport throughout the brain without a priori anatomical hypotheses. Here, we performed intracortical injections of isotonic MnCl(2), comparisons of preinjection and postinjection scans, and voxelwise statistical mapping. Isotonic MnCl(2) did not cause cell death at the injection site, damage to downstream targets of manganese transport, behavioral deficits, or changes in neuronal responsiveness. We detected and mapped manganese transport throughout cortical-subcortical circuits by using voxelwise statistical comparisons of at least 10 preinjection and two postinjection scans. We were able to differentiate between focal and diffuse projection fields and to distinguish between the topography of striatal projections from orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortex in a single animal. This MEMRI approach provides a basis for combining circuit-based anatomical analyses with simultaneous single-unit recordings and/or functional magnetic resonance imaging in individual monkeys. Such studies will enhance our interpretations of functional data and our understanding of how neuronal activity is transformed as it propagates through a circuit.
Application of scattering foil systems for forming large-sized uniform electron therapy fields. (1982)

The methods of forming extended fields in electron therapy using foil systems for scattering electron beams from the LUE-25 medical linear accelerator are discussed. Procedures for calculating shadow compensator parameters are presented. The role of the initial electron beam size in the choice of the parameters of scattering and compensating filters is evaluated. Advantages offered by this beam shaping technique for reducing the bremsstrahlung background level are considered. The experimental results show that highly uniform dose fields can be formed, if shadow compensating systems are used. The depth dose distributions of 27-MeV electrons obtained with a defocusing magnet system and with a system of scattering foils and compensators are compared.
Clinical measures of central differential sensitivity in glaucoma. (1990)

To verify whether central threshold testing with a common automated perimeter could detect glaucomatous damage, we selected 40 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma and 43 eyes of age-matched normal subjects. The glaucomatous eyes were free from visual field defects within the central 5 degrees. They underwent the Macula Threshold Test of the Humphrey perimeter, using white and blue targets. Differential sensitivities to both white and blue were significantly depressed in the glaucoma group (p less than 0.001). Blue thresholds of glaucomatous subjects and normal subjects were distributed in two quite separate domains, with a mean difference of 4.51 dB. Sensitivities to blue stimuli were related to age in the normal group (r = 0.62; p less than 0.001), while in the glaucoma group they were related to horizontal cup/disc ratios (r = 0.63; p less than 0.001). These results suggest that threshold testing with an automated perimeter and its built-in colour filters can be of help in detecting early central functional disturbances from glaucoma.
Role of Macrophage Metalloelastase in Gut Inflammation (2006)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in a number of physiological and pathologic processes including the inflammation found in IBD. We have shown that MMP-3 is upregulated in Crohn's disease and in ulcerative colitis. This study shows a potential role for MMP-12 in these idiopathic diseases.
Environmentally Isolating Packaging for MEMS Sensors (2017)

Abstract Microelectronic systems employing MEMS devices are often constrained by limits on size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C), while also being exposed to severe shock and vibration during storage, transport, and operation. This combination of requirements has proven difficult to meet using current technology. Incorporating isolators into microelectronic systems improves performance through shock and vibration, but at the expense of cost and size metrics. Systems based on MEMS technologies have the potential to improve upon size and cost metrics for many applications. MEMS technology has made significant strides in performance in recent years. MEMS-based devices are commonly found in consumer applications for a variety of functions. However, MEMS based devices have been known to experience performance degradation while operating through stressing shock and vibration environments. The goal of this work was to develop MEMS technology that is sufficiently robust as to operate through the demanding environments of systems, and to include the design, simulation, and prototype of micro-isolators capable of attenuating shock and vibration prior to their input into the MEMS devices, thereby isolating them from the harsh environment.
Impaired resistance to the development of toxoplasmic encephalitis in interleukin-6-deficient mice (1997)

The role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the pathogenesis of toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) was examined by using IL-6-targeted mutant (IL-6(-/-)) mice. At 4 and 8 weeks after infection with the ME49 strain of Toxoplasma gondii, significantly greater numbers of T. gondii cysts and areas of inflammation associated with tachyzoites were observed in brains of IL-6(-/-) mice than in those of control mice. Large areas of necrosis were observed only in brains of IL-6(-/-) mice. Tachyzoites were frequently detected in the areas of necrosis, suggesting that necrosis was caused by proliferation of the parasite. These results indicate that IL-6 is protective against development of TE by preventing formation of T. gondii cysts and proliferation of tachyzoites in brains of infected mice. Whereas in brains of control mice, large numbers of inflammatory cells were always observed in areas where tachyzoites were detected, in brains of IL-6(-/-) mice, only small numbers of inflammatory cells were observed in many areas with tachyzoites. Lymphocyte preparations isolated from brains of infected control mice had significantly higher ratios of gamma/delta T cells and CD4+ alpha/beta T cells but lower ratios of CD8+ alpha/beta T cells compared to those of infected IL-6(-/-) mice. There were no differences in the ratios of these T-cell subsets in spleens between these mice. The amounts of mRNA for gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) detected by reverse transcriptase PCR were significantly smaller in brains of IL-6(-/-) mice than in those of control mice, whereas amounts of IL-10 mRNA were greater in the former than in the latter. IL-6 mRNA was detected only in infected control mice. The protective activity of IL-6 against development of TE appears to be through its ability to stimulate IFN-gamma production and induce infiltration and accumulation of different T-cell subsets in brains of infected mice.
CCDC 852707: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2012)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Structural and optical properties of Zn-doped β-Ga2O3films (2012)

Intrinsic β-Ga2O3 and Zn-doped β-Ga2O3 films were prepared using RF magnetron sputtering. The effects of the Zn doping and thermal annealing on the structural and optical properties are investigated. In comparison with the intrinsic β-Ga2O3 films, the microstructure, optical transmittance, optical absorption, optical energy gap, and photoluminescence of Zn-doped β-Ga2O3 films change significantly. The post-annealed β-Ga2O3 films are polycrystalline. After Zn doping, the crystallization deteriorates, the optical band gap shrinks, the transmittance decreases and the UV, blue, and green emission bands are enhanced.
The Implementation of CNN-Based Object Detector on ARM Embedded Platforms (2018)

Deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) based computer vision methods have great progress in object detection tasks. And object detection is essential to many applications such as autonomous robots and vehicles. However, it is difficult for object detection system to be deployed on embedded platforms due to its intensive computing architecture. We present an object detector MobileNet-SSD which can be deployed on embedded platforms. The object detector presented in this work based on Single Shot Detector (SSD) framework and replace the feature extractor with a more light weight network MobileNetV1. General matrix to matrix multiplication is used to simplify the calculation of convolution operation and is further optimized using ARM NEON technology. Finally, the object detector MobileNet-SSD is deployed on embedded platform and achieves 1.13FPS with 0.72 mean average precision on PASCAL VOC dataset.
Paleodietary Analysis of Humans in Guanzhong Basin, Shaanxi Province Since 8000 BP (2017)

Abstract We identified human paleodietary changes from inhabitants of the Guanzhong basin since 8000 BP, based on published carbon and nitrogen isotopic measurements on bones, fauna and plant remains. We also directly measured 14 C ages, δ 13 C and δ 15 N values from bones unearthed at the Zhouyuan site, west of Guanzhong, in order to reconstruct paleodietary changes of the ancient inhabitants. We found that during the Laoguantai period, animal foods were the main source of nourishment with supplementary plant-derived foods. After this period, plant-derived foods became the main food source, with supplementary animal sources. The development of dry farming led to increased consumption of foxtail millet and broomcorn millet. This trend persisted and marked a fundamental shift from hunting, gathering, and fishing to farming and animal domestication. The dietary trends of the ancient inhabitants also show pronounced regional differences through time. The use of domestic animals was proportionally higher in the eastern part of the Guanzhong region, while wild animals were more common in the west.
Airborne Acoustic Chirp Spread Spectrum Communication System for User Identification in Indoor Localization (2023)

In this contribution, we propose a reliable, longrange, communication system based on chirp spread spectrum techniques for aerial ultrasonic channels, to be employed for user identification in ultrasonic indoor localization systems. We adopt binary orthogonal keying, where the binary information, modulates the shape of the chirp instantaneous frequency, mapping zeros onto down-chirps and ones onto up-chirps. In order to reduce the demodulation computational costs, we exploit the band-pass sampling theorem and develop an ad-hoc algorithm to under-sample the received signal. The incoming packet detection and frame synchronization are guaranteed by employing a characteristic chirp signal, typically utilized for localization purposes, as a pilot for the transmitted identification packet. A simple, yet efficient, pilot detection scheme enables live features by constantly listening to the channel, triggering the demodulator only when the pilot is detected. The performance of our system has been evaluated in low power and ultra-low power real-world experiments in a warehouse-like environment. It is demonstrated that our system is capable of error-free communication up to a range of 22 m in the low power setup, where the transmitter had a transmission power of 80 mW, corresponding to a sound pressure level of approximately 37 dBSPL at 1 m distance. In the ultra-low power mode, with a transmission power to 15 mW, corresponding to a sound pressure level of approximately 29 dBSPL at 1 m, the system achieved 99% success rate up to 16 m. Moreover, the capability of the system to be robust against the Doppler effect and in a multi-user environment has been tested via simulations.
Fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of some trifluoroacetanilides (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of some trifluoroacetanilidesHarry William Johnson Jr. and Y. IwataCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 8, 2822–2823Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00833a083https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00833a083research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Temporal and tissue‐specific disruption of LINC complexes in vivo (2014)

Migration and anchorage of nuclei within developing and adult tissues rely on Linkers of the Nucleoskeleton to the Cytoskeleton (LINC complexes). These macromolecular assemblies span the nuclear envelope and physically couple chromatin and nuclear lamina to cytoplasmic cytoskeletal networks. LINC complexes assemble within the perinuclear space through direct interactions between the respective evolutionary-conserved SUN and KASH domains of Sun proteins, which reside within the inner nuclear membrane, and Nesprins, which reside within the outer nuclear membrane. Here, we describe and validate a dominant-negative transgenic strategy allowing for the disruption of endogenous SUN/KASH interactions through the inducible expression of a recombinant KASH domain. Our approach, which is based on the Cre/Lox system, allows for the targeted disruption of LINC complexes in a wide array of mouse tissues or specific cell types thereof and bypasses the perinatal lethality and potential cell nonautonomous effects of current mouse models based on germline inactivation of genes encoding Sun proteins and Nesprins. For these reasons, this mouse model provides a useful tool to evaluate the physiological relevance of LINC complexes integrity during development and homeostasis in a wide array of mammalian tissues.
Growth and Yield of Crops Treated with Triacontanol1 (1978)

Abstract The growth of several vegetable and field crops in the greenhouse was increased by applications of 1-triacontanol to the foliage, soil, or seed. Neither the seed nor soil treatments increased the yield of crops in the field. However, foliar sprays ranging from 5 to 500 mg/ha significantly increased the marketable yield of 7 of 10 crops tested. The average yield increase was based on comparisons of all the different rates and time of 1-triacontanol applications with untreated controls. The response of tomato, carrot and wheat seed treatments with 1-triacontanol was shown to be positively correlated with temperature at time of germination and early growth.
cDNA‐derived amino acid sequence of L‐histidine decarboxylase from mouse mastocytoma P‐815 cells (1990)

The primary structure of L-histidine decarboxylase (HDC: L-histidine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.22) from mouse mastocytoma P-815 cells has been determined by parallel analysis of the amino acid sequence of the protein and the nucleotide sequence of the corresponding cDNA. HDC contains 662 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 74017, which is larger by about 21,000 Da than that of the previously purified HDC subunit (53 kDa), suggesting that HDC might be posttranslationally processed. The HDC cDNA hybridized to a 2.7 kilobase mRNA of mastocytoma cells. Homology was found between the sequences of mouse mastocytoma HDC and fetal rat liver HDC.
Phenolic ethylenediamine derivatives: a study of orally effective iron chelators. (1984)

Of 35 potential iron chelators screened for in vivo activity in rats, a group of phenolic compounds with excellent chelating properties were identified. These included N,N'-ethylene-bis(o-hydroxyphenylglycine) (EHPG), N,N'-Bis(o-hydroxybenzyl)-ethylenediamine diacetic acid (HBED), and their respective dimethyl esters (dmEHPG and dmHBED). All four phenolic compounds produced a marked increase in the fecal excretion of hepatocellular radioiron. This amounted to 42% of total body radioactivity with dmEHPG, 58% with EHPG, 63% with HBED, and 80% with dmHBED after a single injection of 40 mg/animal. At a dose of 5 mg/animal, EHPG, HBED, and dmHBED were 9, 12, and 15 times more potent, respectively, than deferoxamine. Both dimethyl esters showed significant oral activity; oral dmEHPG retained 1/3 and dmHBED retained 2/3 of the effect of the same dose given by intramuscular injection. The ester dmHBED combines oral effectiveness with superior chelating ability, selective hepatocellular action, and low apparent toxicity. It may represent a significant advance in the development of new iron chelating drugs.