gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) mediates acquisition of a mesenchymal stem cell‐like phenotype in human liver cells (2010)

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) mediates several and sometime opposite effects in epithelial cells, inducing growth inhibition, and apoptosis but also promoting an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, which enhances cell migration and invasion. TGF-β plays relevant roles in different liver pathologies; however, very few is known about its specific signaling and cellular effects in human primary hepatocytes. Here we show that TGF-β inhibits proliferation and induces pro-apoptotic genes (such as BMF or BIM) in primary cultures of human fetal hepatocytes (HFH), but also up-regulates anti-apoptotic genes, such as BCL-XL and XIAP. Inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), using gefitinib, abrogates the increase in the expression of the anti-apoptotic genes and significantly enhances cell death. Simultaneously, TGF-β is able to induce an EMT process in HFH, coincident with Snail up-regulation and a decrease in E-cadherin levels, cells showing mesenchymal proteins and reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in stress fibers. Interestingly, these cells show loss of expression of specific hepatic genes and increased expression of stem cell markers. Chronic treatment with TGF-β allows selection of a population of mesenchymal cells with a de-differentiated phenotype, reminiscent of progenitor-like cells. Process is reversible and the mesenchymal stem-like cells re-differentiate to hepatocytes under controlled experimental conditions. In summary, we show for the first time that human hepatocytes may respond to TGF-β inducing different signals, some of them might contribute to tumor suppression (growth inhibition and apoptosis), but others should mediate liver tumor progression and invasion (EMT and acquisition of a stem-like phenotype).
Clinical Significance of Angiogenesis in Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Target for Novel Prognostic and Therapeutic Approaches (2003)

In Brief Objective To review the current data on the prognostic and therapeutic implications of tumor angiogenesis in gastrointestinal cancers. Summary Background Data Numerous studies have evaluated the prognostic value of tumor angiogenesis and the potential role of antiangiogenic therapy in various gastrointestinal cancers. Methods A Medline literature search was conducted using “angiogenesis” or the names of various angiogenic factors in combination with the names of gastrointestinal cancers as the key words. Results Several studies have demonstrated a significant prognostic impact of tumor microvessel density and tumor expression of angiogenic factors, in particular vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in various gastrointestinal cancers. A few studies have suggested that circulating VEGF might be a useful prognostic marker. However, results were not consistent across all studies and were limited by the retrospective nature of most studies. Antiangiogenic therapy has been shown to be effective against all common gastrointestinal cancers in preclinical studies, but currently there are few clinical data with regard to antiangiogenic therapy in gastrointestinal cancers. Conclusions There is mounting evidence to suggest that assessment of tumor angiogenesis might provide a novel approach of prognostication in patients with gastrointestinal cancers. However, current results from retrospective studies need to be validated by prospective studies. Antiangiogenic therapy is a promising strategy of cancer treatment that might be particularly useful in combination therapy for unresectable cancers or as an adjuvant therapy for resectable tumors. Considerable experimental and clinical data have indicated a pivotal role of angiogenesis in tumor progression and metastasis. A substantial number of studies have examined the clinical significance of tumor angiogenesis in various gastrointestinal cancers, and antiangiogenic therapy in gastrointestinal cancers is now being evaluated in clinical trials. This article provides the gastrointestinal surgeons and oncologists with a comprehensive review of the prognostic and therapeutic implications of tumor angiogenesis in gastrointestinal cancers.
Dynamic excitation of a single-degree-of-freedom hysteretic system. Topical report, 1 October 1977-30 September 1978 (1978)

An analytical investigation is made of the dynamic response of two special classes of nonlinear hysteretic oscillators that model some of the basic phenomena involved in the response of complex nuclear power plant systems which are subjected to dynamic environments. Numerical studies as well as approximate analytical solutions for the response of the nonlinear oscillators under (a) harmonic and (b) random excitation are presented. The effects of various system parameters are evaluated and the range of validity of the approximate solutions is determined.
High-power vertical-cavity surface-emitting AlGaAs/GaAs diode lasers (1989)

Vertical-cavity surface emitters with rear mirrors made of conductive semiconductor stack reflectors (Rr =98%) were developed. Current confinement is obtained via an etch and regrowth technique with no need for dielectrics. Peak powers of 120 mW were achieved at room temperature. The external differential quantum efficiency is 15%.
On the liveness of transactional memory (2012)

Despite the large amount of work on Transactional Memory (TM), little is known about how much liveness it could provide. This paper presents the first formal treatment of the question. We prove that no TM implementation can ensure local progress, the analogous of wait-freedom in the TM context, and we highlight different ways to circumvent the impossibility.
Die ersten Totalsynthesen von Taxol (1994)

Ein Meilenstein der Naturstoffchemie ist die Totalsynthese des zur Zeit vielversprechendsten und synthetisch extrem anspruchsvollen Antikrebsmittels Taxol, die unabhängig voneinander den Arbeitsgruppen von R.A. Holton und K.C. Nicolaou gelang. Mit diesem vorläufigen Höhepunkt dürfte der vermutlich weltweit größte Aufwand zur Totalsynthese einer Einzelverbindung jedoch nicht beendet sein. magnified image
An advanced variational level set evolution for image segmentation (2012)

In this paper, we present an advanced variational formulation based on distance regularized level set evolution(DRLSE)that forces the level set function to be close to a signed distance function, and therefore not only completely eliminates the need of the costly re-initialization procedure, but also allows more efficient numerical scheme than DRLSE and traditional level set methods. Our provided potential function for the regularization term of the internal energy term is improved on the forward and backward diffusion. The advanced distance regularized level set evolution(ADRLSE) avoids the undesirable side effect and the distortedness of the zero level contour and provides more efficient numerical schemes and more smoothed contour. The proposed algorithm has been applied to both simulated and real images with promising results. In particular, it appears to perform more efficient numeration more smoothed contour.
Pfam: The protein families database in 2021 (2020)

The Pfam database is a widely used resource for classifying protein sequences into families and domains. Since Pfam was last described in this journal, over 350 new families have been added in Pfam 33.1 and numerous improvements have been made to existing entries. To facilitate research on COVID-19, we have revised the Pfam entries that cover the SARS-CoV-2 proteome, and built new entries for regions that were not covered by Pfam. We have reintroduced Pfam-B which provides an automatically generated supplement to Pfam and contains 136 730 novel clusters of sequences that are not yet matched by a Pfam family. The new Pfam-B is based on a clustering by the MMseqs2 software. We have compared all of the regions in the RepeatsDB to those in Pfam and have started to use the results to build and refine Pfam repeat families. Pfam is freely available for browsing and download at http://pfam.xfam.org/.
Audiological Monitoring for Ototoxicity in Medically Fragile Children (2011)

Risk for hearing loss due to medical interventions has audiological as well as medicolegal implications. In children with life-threatening conditions, medical interventions may require great risk of morbidity to reduce mortality. Although audiologists are typically not in the position of intervening to rescue hearing, they do provide necessary and timely information when ototoxicity monitoring protocols are in place and followed. As well, knowing specific risk indicators can help the audiologist participate in efforts to minimize likelihood for and severity of hearing loss. Identifying risk indicators specific to a patient's history can help the audiologist counsel the family regarding the individual patient's risk for developing hearing loss and what audiological interventions may be appropriate should hearing loss occur. It is the role of the audiologist to provide thoughtful surveillance for hearing loss and interventions to minimize the impact of hearing loss when it occurs.
Video Question Generation via Cross-Modal Self-Attention Networks Learning (2019)

We introduce a novel task, Video Question Generation (Video QG). A Video QG model automatically generates questions given a video clip and its corresponding dialogues. Video QG requires a range of skills -- sentence comprehension, temporal relation, the interplay between vision and language, and the ability to ask meaningful questions. To address this, we propose a novel semantic rich cross-modal self-attention (SRCMSA) network to aggregate the multi-modal and diverse features. To be more precise, we enhance the video frames semantic by integrating the object-level information, and we jointly consider the cross-modal attention for the video question generation task. Excitingly, our proposed model remarkably improves the baseline from 7.58 to 14.48 in the BLEU-4 score on the TVQA dataset. Most of all, we arguably pave a novel path toward understanding the challenging video input and we provide detailed analysis in terms of diversity, which ushers the avenues for future investigations.
Short pulse, high-repetition rate, passively Q-switched Er:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser at 1.6 microns (2005)

We have demonstrated a continuously pumped, passively Q-switched, 1617 nm Er:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) laser oscillator with a pulse width of just under 7 ns, a pulse repetition frequency of about 4 kHz, and an output power of 0.9 W. The oscillator was pumped using an Er:fiber laser at 1534 nm, and Q switched using a Cr2+:ZnSe saturable absorber. The Er:YAG laser is useful either stand-alone, or as the master oscillator in a master-oscillator-power-amplifier architecture.
Multifunctional Albumin–MnO2 Nanoparticles Modulate Solid Tumor Microenvironment by Attenuating Hypoxia, Acidosis, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Enhance Radiation Response (2014)

Insufficient oxygenation (hypoxia), acidic pH (acidosis), and elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as H2O2, are characteristic abnormalities of the tumor microenvironment (TME). These abnormalities promote tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, and resistance to therapies. To date, there is no treatment available for comprehensive modulation of the TME. Approaches so far have been limited to regulating hypoxia, acidosis, or ROS individually, without accounting for their interdependent effects on tumor progression and response to treatments. Hence we have engineered multifunctional and colloidally stable bioinorganic nanoparticles composed of polyelectrolyte-albumin complex and MnO2 nanoparticles (A-MnO2 NPs) and utilized the reactivity of MnO2 toward peroxides for regulation of the TME with simultaneous oxygen generation and pH increase. In vitro studies showed that these NPs can generate oxygen by reacting with H2O2 produced by cancer cells under hypoxic conditions. A-MnO2 NPs simultaneously increased tumor oxygenation by 45% while increasing tumor pH from pH 6.7 to pH 7.2 by reacting with endogenous H2O2 produced within the tumor in a murine breast tumor model. Intratumoral treatment with NPs also led to the downregulation of two major regulators in tumor progression and aggressiveness, that is, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in the tumor. Combination treatment of the tumors with NPs and ionizing radiation significantly inhibited breast tumor growth, increased DNA double strand breaks and cancer cell death as compared to radiation therapy alone. These results suggest great potential of A-MnO2 NPs for modulation of the TME and enhancement of radiation response in the treatment of cancer.
Návrh systému sledování a vyhodnocování nákladů na kvalitu ve společnosti 5M s.r.o. (2013)

Import 21/10/2013
Modal Damping Coefficient Estimation of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Material Considering Temperature Condition (2020)

Excellent mechanical properties of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic material (CFRP) demonstrates many possibilities in industries using lightweight materials, but unlike isotropic materials, such as iron, aluminum, and magnesium, they show direction-sensitive properties, which makes it difficult to apply for them. The sensitivity of a modal damping coefficient of a CFRP material over the direction of carbon fiber was examined on spectral input patterns in recent research, but the effect of temperature was not considered up to now. To overcome this, uniaxial vibration tests were conducted using five simple specimens with different direction of carbon fiber in a CFRP specimen, the frequency response functions were experimentally determined and the modal damping coefficients were calculated. It was revealed that the resonance point and the modal damping of the specimen changed according to the change in temperature condition. Based on the experimental results, it was demonstrated that the theoretical frequency response function of the carbon composite material is a function of temperature, and it was confirmed that the nonlinear characteristic of the modal damping was the smallest under the 0 degree of direction of carbon fiber.
Critical Issues Facing LIS Journals: A Readers' View (1999)

Les revues bibliotheconomiques souffrent de sur-production, tandis que les articles sont souvent redondants, mal ecrits, mal presentes, ennuyeux, reverencieux et partisans. Contrairement aux livres, les articles sont publies sans grand souci du marche, et il n'y a pas regulierement de retour de la part des lecteurs. Il est de plus en plus difficile de trier l'utile de l'inutile, et il faudrait reflechir au moyen d'y arriver.
Repositioning Bevacizumab: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Cartilage Regeneration (2016)

Drug discovery and development has been garnering an increasing trend of research due to the growing incidence of the diverse types of diseases. Recently, drug repositioning, also known as drug repurposing, has been emerging parallel to cancer and tissue engineering studies. Drug repositioning involves the application of currently approved or even abandoned drugs as alternative treatments to other diseases or as biomaterials in other fields including cell therapy and tissue engineering. In this review, the advancement of the antiangiogenesis drugs that were used as treatment for cancer and other diseases, with particular focus on bevacizumab, will be described. This will include an overview of the nature and progression of osteoarthritis (OA), one of the leading global degenerative diseases that cause morbidity, and the development of its therapeutic strategies. In addition, this will also feature the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that are commonly prescribed for OA and the benefits of repositioning bevacizumab as alternative treatments for other diseases and as biomaterials for cartilage regeneration. To date, a few number of studies, employing different modes of administration and varying dosages in diverse animal models, have shown that bevacizumab can be used as a signal and can promote both in vitro and in vivo cartilage regeneration. However, other antiangiogenesis drugs and their effects in chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration are also worth investigating.
Accelerating research to business with Hilla Runway model (2018)

The key to win on global markets is not based only on excellence of products and services, but increasingly more on successful business models and value networks, where partnering, smart specialisation and joint solution deliveries are the key elements for sustainable success. There also has to be solid processes and tools for facilitating the transfer from research to business - the creation and evolution of business. Hilla Runway provides a model and a toolset that supports business development and commercialisation.
UPDATE ON SUNFLOWER BROOMRAPESITUATION IN SPAIN: RACIAL STATUS AND SUNFLOWER BREEDING FOR RESISTANCE / ACTUALIZACIÓN DE LA SITUACION DEL JOPO DE GIRASOL EN ESPAÑA: STATUS RACIAL Y MEJORA DEL GIRASOL PARA RESISTENCIA / SITUATION DE L’OROBANCHE ET DU TOURNESOL EN ESPAGNE: RACES ET SÉLECTION POUR LA RÉSISTANCE (2000)

SUMMARY A review of the racial situation of Orobanche cumana in Spain and of several studies on sunflower resistance to broomrape is presented. In the nineties, populations of O.cumana attacking sunflower crops in Spain have evolved first towards the increase in frequency of race B simultaneous to the decrease of race A. Later, race E has appeared with increasing frequency. However, the subsequent change to resistant hybrids carrying the Or5 gene has prompted the recent appearance of a new race (race F) that overcomes this resistance gene, and is expanding mainly in southern Spain. Collections of cultivated P.I. accessions tested for resistance to races E or F indicated a low frequency of entries resistant or segregating for resistance. A low frequency of resistance was also observed in accessions of wild annual species. Among 18 species, only H.agrestis and H.anomalus showed full resistance to both races, whereas H.debilis ssp. cucumerifolius and H.exilis segregated. Lines breeding true for resistance, derived from H.anomalus, H.exilis and H.debilis have been produced. In contrast, inoculation of races E and F to wild perennials resulted in complete resistance in 74% of the species, and segregation for resistance to race F in 11%. The transference of resistance from wild perennial species into cultivated sunflower is, however, much more difficult than that of annuals. Embryo rescue and chromosome doubling techniques were often required. Although inheritance studies indicated dominance and one single gene involved in the resistance to races A and E in most crosses, two dominant genes, epistatic interactions and reversal in the dominance were observed in some cases.
A variety of novel lipid A structures obtained from Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain (2011)

F. tularensis is a Gram-negative coccobacillus that causes tularemia. Its LPS has nominal biological activity. Currently, there is controversy regarding the structure of the lipid A obtained from F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS). Therefore, to resolve this controversy, the purification and structural identification of this LPS was crucial. To achieve this, LPS from F. tularensis LVS was acid hydrolyzed to obtain crude lipid A that was methylated and purified by HPLC and the fractions were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. The structure of the major lipid A species was composed of a glucosamine disaccharide backbone substituted with four fatty acyl groups and a phosphate (1-position) with a molecular mass of 1505. The major lipid A component contained 18:0[3-O(16:0)] in the distal subunit and two 18:0(3-OH) fatty acyl chains at the 2- or 3-positions of the reducing subunit. Additional variations in the lipid A species include: heterogeneity in fatty acyl groups, a phosphate or a phosphoryl galactosamine at the 1-position, and a hexose at the 4' or 6' position, some of which have not been previously described for F. tularensis LVS. This analysis revealed that lipid A from F. tularensis LVS is far more complex than originally believed.
Cultural Gap among Primary School Children (1971)

This is a report of a study of children at Redfern Central Primary School, a State school in an economically depressed area of the inner City of Sydney. The children are studied in a cultural framework and are classified into strata defined as Aboriginal, Migrant and Australian. The subjects are assessed on socio-cultural variables of family and household structure and geographical mobility by means of a structured interview schedule which is administered to each child. Measures of the academic achievement of the subjects are obtained. It is considered that the three cultural groups defined are distinct both on the socio-cultural variables studied by the interview and in their academic performance. It is considered that the sociocultural variables and academic achievement are related in that cultural factors of some children may be discrepant with the norms of the school giving rise to cultural gap which is manifested by a depression of functioning in the school situation. Specifically cultural factors appear to operate to prevent the IQ test from being an effective measure of intelligence.
Calcium-dependent Regulation of Protein Kinase D Revealed by a Genetically Encoded Kinase Activity Reporter (2006)

Protein kinase D (PKD) regulates many diverse cellular functions in response to diacylglycerol. To monitor PKD signaling in live cells, we generated a genetically encoded fluorescent reporter for PKD activity, DKAR (D kinase activity reporter). DKAR expressed in mammalian cells undergoes reversible fluorescence resonance energy transfer changes upon activation and inhibition of endogenous PKD. Surprisingly, we find that agonist-evoked activation of PKD is driven not only by diacylglycerol production, but by Ca(2+). Furthermore, elevation of intracellular Ca(2+), in the absence of any other stimulus, is sufficient to activate PKD. Concurrent imaging of Ca(2+), diacylglycerol, and PKD activity reveals that thapsigargin-mediated elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) is closely followed by a robust increase in diacylglycerol production, in turn followed by PKD activation. The Ca(2+)-induced production of diacylglycerol and accompanying PKD activation is dependent on phospholipase C activity. These data reveal that Ca(2+) is a major contributor to the initiation of PKD signaling through positive feedback regulation of diacylglycerol production, unveiling a new mechanism in PKD activation.
Three different up-titration regimens of ponesimod, an S1P1receptor modulator, in healthy subjects (2015)

Ponesimod is a selective S1P1 receptor modulator, and induces dose-dependent reduction of circulating lymphocytes upon oral dosing. Previous studies showed that single doses up to 75 mg or multiple doses up to 40 mg once daily are well tolerated, and heart rate (HR) reduction and atrio-ventricular conduction delays upon treatment initiation are reduced by gradual up-titration to the maintenance dose. This single-center, open-label, randomized, multiple-dose, 3-treatment, 3-way crossover study compared the tolerability, safety, pharmacokinetics, cardiodynamics, and effects on lymphocytes of 3 different up-titration regimens of ponesimod in healthy male and female subjects. Up-titration regimens comprised escalating periods of b.i.d. dosing (2.5 or 5 mg) and q.d. dosing (10 or 20 mg or both). After the third up-titration period a variable-duration washout period of 1-3 days was followed by re-challenge with a single 20-mg dose of ponesimod. Adverse events were transient and mild to moderate in intensity, not different between regimens. HR decrease after the first dose was greater than after all subsequent doses, including up-titration doses. Little or no HR change was observed with morning doses of b.i.d. regimens, suggesting that 2.5 and 5 mg b.i.d. are sufficient to sustain cardiac desensitization for the 12-hours dosing interval.