gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selectively increased expression of the astrocytic/endothelial glucose transporter protein GLUT1 in acute liver failure (2005)

Acute liver failure (ALF) is consistently accompanied by alterations in brain energy metabolites and recent nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies suggest disturbances in brain oxidative metabolism in experimental ALF. Glucose transport across the blood-brain barrier is essential to sustain brain energy metabolism and is accomplished by the facilitative glucose transporter GLUT1. To investigate alterations in brain glucose uptake in acute liver failure further, GLUT1 expression and [14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake were measured in the brains of rats with hepatic devascularization. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses showed significant increases in steady-state levels of GLUT1 mRNA and protein in frontal cortex as early as 6 h following hepatic devascularization, (prior to the onset of brain edema and encephalopathy) which remained elevated at coma stages of encephalopathy. Expression of the astrocytic (45-kDa) and endothelial (55-kDa) forms of GLUT1 was increased as a result of hepatic devascularization. Exposure of cultured astrocytes to pathophysiologically relevant concentrations of ammonia resulted in increased GLUT1 expression, suggesting that elevated ammonia levels are responsible for GLUT1 upregulation in ALF. Increased GLUT1 expression in ALF was selective, since expression of the neuronal glucose transporter GLUT3 and other glucose-regulated proteins (GRP-78 and GRP-94) was unaltered. [14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose autoradiography revealed increases in cerebral glucose uptake following the induction of GLUT1 in ALF. These results suggest that ammonia-induced increases of GLUT1 expression resulting in increased cerebral glucose uptake occur in ALF and could contribute to the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the neurological complications of this condition.
The Effects of Compton Camera Data Acquisition and Readout Timing on PG Imaging for Proton Range Verification (2021)

The purpose of this study was to determine how the characteristics of the data acquisition (DAQ) electronics of a Compton camera (CC) affect the quality of the recorded prompt gamma (PG) interaction data and the reconstructed images, during clinical proton beam delivery. We used the Monte-Carlo-plus-Detector-Effect (MCDE) model to simulate the delivery of a 150 MeV clinical proton pencil beam to a tissue-equivalent plastic phantom. With the MCDE model we analyzed how the recorded PG interaction data changed as two characteristics of the DAQ electronics of a CC were changed: (1) the number of data readout channels; and (2) the active charge collection, readout, and reset time. As the proton beam dose rate increased, the number of recorded PG single-, double-, and triple-scatter events decreased by a factor of 60× for the current DAQ configuration of the CC. However, as the DAQ readout channels were increased and the readout/reset timing decreased, the number of recorded events decreased by <5× at the highest clinical dose rate. The increased number of readout channels and reduced readout/reset timing also resulted in higher quality recorded data. That is, a higher percentage of the recorded double- and triple-scatters were "true" events (caused by a single incident gamma) and not "false" events (caused by multiple incident gammas). The increase in the number and the quality of recorded data allowed higher quality PG images to be reconstructed even at the highest clinical dose rates.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid Phase Synthesis of Phosphinic Peptides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Distributed Control of Computer Systems (1986)

In order to be able to take full advantage of a distributed computing facility it is important not only to distribute the hardware but also to distribute the control of these resources. However, distributed control is very different from centralized control since at any time, several processes or several controllers may observe different and inconsistent views of the global system state. The task of scheduling jobs in a distributed system must also be done Without full knowledge of the system state. In this correspondence we define a totally new distributed scheduling algorithm LP (linear predictive). scheduling, which not only implements distributed control of task scheduling but is also able to adapt itself to workload fluctuations. Using a general-purpose distributed system simulator we have shown the performance rnitince advantages of this new algorithm.
Online gain setting method for path tracking using CMA-ES: Application to off-road mobile robot control (2020)

This paper proposes a new approach for online control law gains adaptation, through the use of neural networks and the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) algorithm, in order to optimize the behavior of the robot with respect to an objective function. The neural network considered takes as input the current observed state as well as its uncertainty, and provides as output the control law gains. It is trained, using the CMA-ES algorithm, on a simulator reproducing the vehicle dynamics. Then, it is tested in real conditions on an agricultural mobile robot at different speeds. The transferability of this method from simulation to a real system is demonstrated, as well as its robustness to environmental changes, such as GPS signal degradation or ground variation. As a result, path following errors are reduced, while ensuring tracking stability.
A Facile Approach to Superhydrophilic–Superhydrophobic Patterns in Porous Polymer Films (2011)

A facile and versatile method for creating superhydrophilic patterns in superhydrophobic porous polymer films by UV-initiated photografting is presented. The extreme difference in wettability between superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic areas allows the use of the superhydrophilic patterns as virtual microfluidic channels. The method allows for precise control of the size and geometry of photografted superhydrophilic features, and the thickness, morphology, and transparency of the superhydrophobic and hydrophobic porous polymer films. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Multiparameter investigation of bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaics (2017)

Correlative mapping of morphological, electrical and mechanical properties at the nanoscale allows for a detailed characterization of local structure–property relationships in bulk heterojunctions.
Mission and challenges of polymer science and technology (2003)

Following the first IUPAC Polymer Conference on the Mission and Challenges of Polymer Science and Technology (IUPAC PC2002), this article highlights and summarizes the historical development of polymer science and technology and the recent advances that have occurred and are occurring in the subject. It highlights the mission and challenges for the future, particularly as reflected in the papers presented at the conference and in the con- ference’s concluding panel discussion. The important role of IUPAC in defining and leading developments in polymer science and technology is also described. The central role of polymer science and technology and its close interactions with chemical, physical, and biological sciences are defined and discussed. The 21 st century is shown to be the Age of Polymers.
Evaluation of Motion-Based Touch-Typing Biometrics for Online Banking (2017)

This paper presents a bimodal scheme - the mechanism which exploits the way the user enters her 8-digit PIN/password and the phone-movements while doing so, for user authentication in mobile banking/financial applications (apps). The scheme authenticates the user based on the timing differences of the entered strokes. Additionally, it provides an enhanced security by adding an unobservable layer based on the phone-movements. The scheme is assumed to be highly secure as mimicking the invisible touch-timings and the phone-movements could be extremely difficult. Our analysis is based on 2850 samples collected from 95 users through a 3-day unsupervised field experiment and using 3 multi-class classifiers. Random Forest (RF) classifier out-performed other two classifiers and provided a True Acceptance Rate (TAR) of 96%.
Trypsin‐like protease of mites: purification and characterization of trypsin‐like protease from mite faecal extract Dermatophagoides farinae. Relationship between trypsin‐like protease and Der f III (1993)

A serine protease from mite faecal extract, Dermatophagoides farinae, was purified using DEAE-Sephacel anion exchange chromatography and Superdex 75 pg gel chromatography. The molecular weight of this protease was 34 kD on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. The optimal pH and temperature of the protease were 8.0 and 47 degrees C, respectively. In addition, this protease cleaved arginyl or lysyl residue containing substrates selectively and was only inhibited by aprotinin, FUT-175, and soy bean trypsin inhibitor and not by chymostatin, E-64 and iodoacetic acid. These results show that our purified serine protease belongs to the trypsin-type. Purified trypsin-like protease was shown to be allergenic by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antigenicity of trypsin-like protease was completely different from those of Der f I and Der f II. Both, 20 N-terminal amino acid sequence and amino acid compositions of the purified protease were very similar to those of Der f III. Good similarities were found between trypsin-like protease and Der f III concerning physicochemical properties such as molecular weight on SDS-PAGE and ammonium sulphate solubility. Summarizing the above data, it can be concluded that a trypsin-like protease from mite faecal extract is actually the Der f III allergen and that it may be involved in the digestive process of the mite as it was found not in mite body but in mite faeces.
Drug-Eluting Coronary Stents — Promise and Uncertainty (2007)

In this issue of the Journal, we publish five Original Articles and two Perspective articles on the subject of drug-eluting coronary stents.17 Our motivation is the recent concern that the implantation of drug-eluting stents, as compared with bare-metal stents, may be associated with a small increased risk of late stent thrombosis, a potentially fatal complication (Figure 1). At a meeting of the Circulatory System Devices Advisory Panel of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on December 7 and 8, 2006, presentations were made on virtually every aspect of this complex clinical problem.8 In order to inform the medical community, . . .
VITAMIN D IN HEALTH AND DISEASE: Beyond Minerals and Parathyroid Hormone: Role of Active Vitamin D in End‐Stage Renal Disease (2005)

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common complication of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) that is often treated with activated forms of intravenous vitamin D. The natural course and treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients is punctuated by episodes of hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and increased calcium-phosphate product, which in previous studies were linked to increased mortality. Historically these episodes have been attributed to vitamin D, leading some authorities to favor decreased vitamin D use. However, the studies that examined the impact of mineral levels and parathyroid hormone (PTH) on survival did not consistently account for vitamin D therapy itself on hemodialysis patient survival. The current review examines in detail two recent large-scale studies of hemodialysis patients: one that demonstrated a survival advantage of paricalcitol over calcitriol and a second that demonstrated a significant survival advantage of any intravenous vitamin D formulation versus none. In both studies, the effects were independent of mineral and PTH levels, suggesting "nontraditional" actions of vitamin D contributed to the observed survival advantage. Several of these nontraditional actions are reviewed with an emphasis on those that might impact hemodialysis outcomes.
How I survived as an overseas teacher of Japanese in Australia (2007)

Languages education, or what has been called the study of languages other than English (LOTE), seems to involve a paradox in Australia. It is supposed to promote cultural enrichment and intercultural understanding, and yet the process of becoming a qualified language teacher tends to be intolerant of the cultural differences of overseas born and educated speakers of these languages. This is clear from an increasing body of literature on the difficulties experienced by overseas educated language teachers, which we review in the first half of this paper. Since this raises questions on how such teachers survive in Australia, we then present an introspective study of the experiences of the first author, including the circumstances that brought her to Australia, the difficulties she faced in teacher training and as a newly employed teacher, and the factors that enabled her to cope and eventually succeed. Her experiences highlight the particular importance of supportive supervisors and colleagues, thus suggesting a valuable role for mentoring.
Cytotoxicity activity, in silico molecular docking, protein- and DNA-binding study of a new Ni(II) Schiff base complex (2018)

One new nickel(II) complex, [Ni(L)] (1), was synthesized from the Schiff base ligand derived from pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and 1,3-diaminopropane. Complex 1 was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis and ESI mass spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. Crystallographic results show that two Ni(II) monomeric moieties are present with similar structural features but with slightly different bond lengths and bond angles. The geometry around the Ni(II) center is distorted square planar. DNA-binding properties of complex 1 were well explored by employing UV-Vis and fluorescence spectral methods, cyclic voltammetry, and by viscosity measurements. Similarly the protein-binding study was studied by multispectroscopic techniques using both BSA and HSA. The cytotoxicity study of the compound has also been evaluated. Notably, the in vitro cytotoxicity of complex 1 on two cancer cell lines (AGS and A549) demonstrates that complex 1 has very good anticancer activity. MTT assay, cell-cycle analysis, and annexin-V assay have been performed to know the extent of effect of complex 1 as anticancer agent. Further, in silico molecular docking study revealed that the nickel(II) complex fits into the minor groove of duplex DNA by hydrophobic interaction with functional groups of B-DNA.
Predicting the Effectiveness of Bidirectional Heuristic Search (2020)

The question of when bidirectional heuristic search outperforms unidirectional heuristic search has been revisited numerous times in the field of Artificial Intelligence. This paper re-addresses the question of when bidirectional search outperforms unidirectional search using an updated theoretical understanding of the problem. We show that a core set of critical states in the state space are the primary factor determining whether a bidirectional search can outperform a unidirectional search and provide simple measures to determine whether a state space and heuristic contains these critical states. We similarly discuss and show the impact that asymmetry in the underlying problem graph has on the performance of bidirectional algorithms. Experimental results show the impact of these factors on whether a problem should be solved using unidirectional or bidirectional search.
Clarification of Cognitive Skill in Mechanical Work and Its Application (2005)

Abstract This article clarifies a difference in cognitive ability between highly skilled operators and less skilled ones in mechanical work, suggests a method to apply the results to develop effective support, and validates the method. First, a consciousness survey demonstrated that highly skilled operators operate machines taking advantage of visual, auditory, and force information. Second, using a simulation of a hydraulic excavator, it was learned that the amount of acquirable information is one of the elements included in cognitive skill. Finally, comparing these results with the effects of providing some kind of support, this study shows that diverse kinds of support, which are in accordance with the operator's skill level, are necessary for realizing effective support for cognitive ability.
Fast and robust Fourier domain-based classification for on-chip lens-free flow cytometry (2018)

The development of portable haematology analysers receives increased attention due to their deployability in resource-limited or emergency settings. Lens-free in-line holographic microscopy is one of the technologies that is being pushed forward in this regard as it eliminates complex and expensive optics, making miniaturisation and integration with microfluidics possible. On-chip flow cytometry enables high-speed capturing of individual cells in suspension, giving rise to high-throughput cell counting and classification. To perform a real-time analysis on this high-throughput content, we propose a fast and robust framework for the classification of leukocytes. The raw data consists of holographic acquisitions of leukocytes, captured with a high-speed camera as they are flowing through a microfluidic chip. Three different types of leukocytes are considered: granulocytes, monocytes and T-lymphocytes. The proposed method bypasses the reconstruction of the holographic data altogether by extracting Zernike moments directly from the frequency domain. By doing so, we introduce robustness to translations and rotations of cells, as well as to changes in distance of a cell with respect to the image sensor, achieving classification accuracies up to 96.8%. Furthermore, the reduced computational complexity of this approach, compared to traditional frameworks that involve the reconstruction of the holographic data, allows for very fast processing and classification, making it applicable in high-throughput flow cytometry setups.
Fluorination of the diamond surface by photoinduced dissociation ofC60F48 (2011)

The effect of synchrotron beam irradiation on ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$F${}_{48}$ adlayers absorbed on the hydrogen-terminated C(100) diamond surface has been examined using core level photoelectron spectroscopy. Irradiation causes the dissociation of fluorine from the ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$F${}_{48}$ and the formation of a fluorine-terminated surface with a (2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1) surface reconstruction. This is accompanied by a loss in the ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$F${}_{48}$-induced surface transfer doping of the diamond substrate. The simplicity of this process makes it highly applicable to monofluoride surface patterning for nanoelectronic and surface functionalization applications of diamond.
Random control at n/sup 2/ points using n shakers (1987)

Until recently, random vibration tests performed in the laboratory were typically run using single-point control with the excitation generated using one vibration exciter. Recently, a method was developed for the coherent control of multiple vibration exciters. This new method for testing permits the simultaneous control of the autospectral density of motion at n points on a structure, and the cross-spectral density of motion between every pair of control points. It is shown in this paper that use of the present control technique also permits random vibration control of the autospectral density at n/sup 2/ points during an n-shaker test.
Tyrosinase-related proteins evolution in chordates. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;Schematic representation of synteny analysis of tyrosinase-related proteins in Ciona (&lt;i&gt;C. intestinalis&lt;/i&gt;), amphioxus (&lt;i&gt;B. floridae&lt;/i&gt;) and human (&lt;i&gt;H. sapiens&lt;/i&gt;). Tyrps are represented by the red triangle. Our analysis revealed syntenic conservation shared by &lt;i&gt;Ci-tyrp1/2a&lt;/i&gt; on chromosome 5 and &lt;i&gt;Hs-TYRP1&lt;/i&gt; on chromosome 9. Neighbouring genes &lt;i&gt;ptprd&lt;/i&gt; (blue square), &lt;i&gt;nfIB&lt;/i&gt; (green circle) and &lt;i&gt;elavl2&lt;/i&gt; (yellow square) are indicated.&lt;/p&gt;
Overexpression of theYAP1,PDE2, andSTB3genes enhances the tolerance of yeast to oxidative stress induced by 7-chlorotetrazolo[5,1-c]benzo[1,2,4]triazine (2012)

7-chlorotetrazolo[5,1-c]benzo[1,2,4]triazine (CTBT) is an antifungal agent that induces oxidative stress and enhances the activity of other antifungals with different modes of action. A genome-wide screening of Saccharomyces cerevisiae genomic library in the high-copy-number plasmid revealed three genes, YAP1, PDE2, and STB3, which increased the CTBT tolerance of the parental strain. The YAP1 gene is known to activate many genes in response to oxidants. The PDE2 and STB3 genes encode the high-affinity cAMP phosphodiesterase and the transcription factor recognizing the ribosomal RNA processing element in promoter sequences, respectively. The protective effects of their overexpression against CTBT toxicity was observed in the absence of certain proteins involved in stress responses, cell wall integrity signaling, and chromatin remodeling. The enhanced CTBT tolerance of the YAP1, PDE2, and STB3 transformants was a consequence of their high antioxidant enzyme activities at the beginning of CTBT treatment in comparison with that of the parental strain, for that they inactivated the CTBT-induced reactive oxygen species. These results point to the complex interplay among the oxidant sensing, cAMP-protein kinase A signaling, and transcription reprogramming of yeast cells, leading to their better adaptation to the stress imposed by CTBT.
Digital Lighting and Rendering (2006)

&lt;p&gt;Using computer graphic and 3-D tools to create accurate images is easy, using them to produce beautiful, inviting, memorable images requires more than technical skill. [digital] Lighting &amp;amp; Rendering introduces reasons and techniques for using light, shadow, texture, and composition. The book is not software-specific, but demonstrates techniques that are applicable to almost any 3-D graphics application. &lt;/p&gt;
Kalman-filtering timing recovery scheme for orthogonal frequency domain multiplexing (OFDM) systems (2002)

This paper describes a new technique for timing synchronization in orthogonal frequency domain multiplexing (OFDM) transceiver systems. The proposed technique is based on non-synchronized sampling rate and no pilot is required to be transmitted. Therefore the transmission capacity is increased. The proposed algorithm employs the angles of the received symbols in the OFDM subchannels and provides a computationally efficient technique for estimation of the timing error. An equivalent state space model is also derived for timing error and then Kalman filtering method is exploited for tracking purposes. The proposed technique is very robust, particularly under low signal to noise ratio conditions and has been verified by means of computer simulations.