gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Understanding spatio-temporal uncertainty in medium access with ALOHA protocols (2007)

The goal of this paper is understand how location-dependent propagation latency affects medium access control (MAC) by using ALOHA as a case study. MAC protocols in underwater acoustic networks suffer from latency that is five orders-of-magnitude larger than that in radio networks. Existing work on analyzing MAC throughput in RF networks, where the propagation latency is negligible, generally makes assumptions that render propagation latency irrelevant. As a result, only transmit time is considered as being uncertain in contention-based protocols. In this paper, we investigate the spatial dimension of uncertainty that is inherent to varying locations of transmitters, resulting in unequal propagation latency to a receiver. We show through simulation that the benefit of synchronization in slotted ALOHA is completely lost due to such latency. To handle spatial uncertainty, we propose a modification that adds guard bands to transmission slots. We then perform simulation and first-order analysis on this modified MAC to find its optimal operating parameters. Our simulation and analytic results suggest that shorter hops improve throughput.
25Gb/s normal incident Ge/Si avalanche photodiode (2014)

We developed world first 25Gb/s normal incident germanium silicon avalanche photodiode (Ge/Si APD) in a CMOS commercial foundry. The vertically illuminated Ge/Si APDs have a large 3-dB bandwidth (>18GHz) at a high gain (M=8) which is suitable for 100GBASE-ER4 application.
A Vector Space Model for Neural Network Functions: Inspirations From Similarities Between the Theory of Connectivity and the Logarithmic Time Course of Word Production (2020)

The present report examines the coinciding results of two study groups each presenting a power-of-two function to describe network structures underlying perceptual processes in one case and word production during verbal fluency tasks in the other. The former is theorized as neural cliques organized according to the function <i>N</i> = 2 <sup><i>i</i></sup> - 1, whereas the latter assumes word conglomerations thinkable as tuples following the function <i>N</i> = 2 <sup><i>i</i></sup> . Both theories assume the innate optimization of energy efficiency to cause the specific connectivity structure. The vast resemblance between both formulae motivated the development of a common formulation. This was obtained by using a vector space model, in which the configuration of neural cliques or connected words is represented by a <i>N</i>-dimensional state vector. A further analysis of the model showed that the entire time course of word production could be derived using basically one single minimal transformation-matrix. This again seems in line with the principle of maximum energy efficiency.
Development of an improved RNA interference vector system for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation (2013)

Plant-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) has shown a great potential in pest control and requires i) subcloning of sense/antisense regions in compatible vectors, ii) transfer of the silencing cassette into a binary vector, iii) transformation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens with desired binary plasmids, and iv) transformation of plants with Agrobacterium. The procedure is long and should ensure plasmid backbone stability; however, plasmid recombination due to antibiotic selection is a common problem. pGSA1252 is an RNAi silencing binary vector allowing direct cloning of hairpin structure; however, it possesses a chloramphenicol selection marker leading to plasmid recombination in various Agrobacterium strains. To solve this selection marker/Agrobacterium compatibility problem and to shorten the cloning process, we developed a new RNAi vector system containing the RNAi cassette of pGSA1252 in a plant expression vector, pMDC32, which has kanamycin as the selection marker. A T7 RNA polymerase promoter was also incorporated adjacent to the multiple cloning site, allowing for in vitro dsRNA synthesis. This vector was tested by transforming Arabidopsis thaliana with 4 different dsRNA constructs specific to insect midgut genes: insect intestinal mucin 1/4, peritrophic matrix protein 1, chitin deacetylase 1, and chitin synthase-B. This improved system shows no recombination and shortens the entire cloning procedure.
Development of a music therapy micro-intervention for stress reduction (2021)

Negative stress is a serious risk factor for the onset and progression of a wide range of physical illnesses and emotional problems. In the literature, an increasing examination of music therapy interventions for stress reduction over the past decade is seen, yet music therapy interventions for stress reduction have not been systematically developed and described. Moreover, there is a growing need for micro-interventions, which are defined as short-term interventions in which the therapist uses specific therapeutic techniques to work on a client’s goals. In this study, a music therapy micro-intervention for stress reduction was developed based on both empirical and practice-based knowledge. First, the micro-intervention was described based on both findings from empirical studies (N = 52) focused on the effects of music therapy on stress reduction, and from a previously conducted focus group study focused on the perspectives of music therapists. Second, the Delphi technique was applied to collect feedback on the micro-intervention described, by surveying a panel of 16 music therapy experts. This procedure resulted in an improved description of the music therapy micro-intervention for stress reduction, including a receptive and an active intervention variant. Implications for clinical practice and recommendations for future research are discussed.
The Water and Solid Content of Living Bacterial Spores and Vegetative Cells as Indicated by Refractive Index Measurements (1957)

SUMMARY: Refractive index measurements were made on the spores and vegetative cells of strains of Bacillus cereus, B. cereus var. mycoides and B. megaterium by phase contrast and interference microscopy with protein immersion. The refractive indices of the spores were found to be very high and comparable with that of dehydrated protein, suggesting that they contained very little water. Those of the vegetative cells were much lower, and indicated a solid content of about 30 %, w/v.
Initial experience with a physiologic morcellating resectoscope (1998)

A new physiologic morcellating resectoscope allows operative hysteroscopy to be performed with a physiologic distention medium, thus reducing the risk of dilutional hyponatremia and cerebral edema secondary to excessive absorption of nonphysiologic fluid. To study this new technology, we gathered in vitro data with the SL resectoscope with dual-function electrode (FemRx, Sunnyvale, CA). Coupled to a standard monopolar electrosurgery unit and operating in normal saline or Ringer's lactate solution, extirpated uteri showed equivalent depth of tissue necrosis with this new physiologic morcellating resectoscope as with a conventional monopolar resectoscope used in an electrically nonconductive fluid.
Numerical design optimization of ridge waveguide for athermal integrated Bragg grating (1998)

The resonant wavelength of photoinduced Bragg gratings in all silica ridge waveguides exhibits a temperature drift of up to 0.013 nm//spl deg/C. Previously, we have shown that by covering the silica waveguide core with a special polymer, the temperature sensitivity can be reduced to 0.003 nm//spl deg/C. We model numerically a grating in a ridge optical waveguide with a polymer overlayer in order to optimize the design of the waveguide structure for low temperature sensitivity. The model simulates correctly the experimental dependence of the grating wavelength shift with temperature and it predicts that in an optimized waveguide design, the temperature dependence can be as low as 0.0006 nm//spl deg/C.
Accuracy of Geoimputation (2013)

The role of the built environment in travel behavior has seen increased interest by strategic transportation planners. To capture relationships between travel behavior and the built environment, microenvironment variables representing infrastructure and land uses surrounding trip origins and destinations are being used as explanatory variables in travel demand models. Buffers of various sizes can be created around origins or destinations to capture the microenvironments. A key requirement is knowledge of the exact coordinates (latitude and longitude) of trip locations. However, such information is commonly removed from public use data because of privacy concerns. To assess whether synthetic geo-imputed residences can overcome the removal of exact location information, two data sets from activity-based travel surveys in North Carolina (Research Triangle survey, N = 4,724, and Charlotte survey, N = 3,310) were analyzed. The fundamental question was whether the geoimputed microenvironmental measurements could be used to model travel behavior sufficiently and accurately. Residences, geoimputed residences, and residences assumed to be located at centroids of census blocks (as is current practice) were compared. The data indicate that (a) the assignment of census block centroids results in statistically significant systematic errors when the accessibility measures are measured; (b) geoimputation based on the level of the traffic analysis zone can provide reasonably accurate accessibility measures in larger buffer sizes of 0.75 mi but not in smaller buffers of 0.25 mi; and (c) geoimputation based on census block level provides accessibility measures that are sufficiently accurate for specifying travel behavior models.
ATM and Internet Protocol: A Convergence of Technologies (1998)

From the Publisher:
A handy reference for those working with ATM to interconnect networks, this book is also a useful tutorial of the ATM and B-ISDN protocols for a reader entering the field of telecommunications from the IP arena. While a large section is devoted to ATM and the practical problems of running IP over ATM, Frame Relay over ATM is also covered. Features Include:* a pragmatic introduction to the ATM and IP standards* the latest practical approaches to running IP over ATM* a comprehensive telecommunications glossary* a description of the new ATM Adaptations Layer 2 (AAL-2)* a concise companion to the plethora of ATM standardsCombining the expertise and experience of leading academics and practising engineers, the book is an ideal text for the professional but is also invaluable for undergraduates and postgraduates specialising in this field.
The Development of High Energy Density Lithium/Air and Lithium/Water Batteries with No Self-Discharge (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Design and protection of a high voltage DC onboard grid with integrated fuel cell system on more electric aircraft (2010)

A major demand of the aviation industry is the reduction of emissions in combination with cost efficiency improvement. One possible approach to face this challenge is the replacement of the conventional auxiliary power unit by a fuel cell system within a “more electric aircraft” design. In order to integrate a fuel cell system into the grid architecture of modern aircraft new protection arrangements have to be developed. For availability and redundancy the fuel cell system has to be split into two subsystems. Furthermore the two subsystems have to be connected in parallel to bundle the power delivery and to balance the power. This complex grid structure requires smart safety arrangements to protect the grid in case of failures. In this contribution two safety concepts for doubly fed ring structures are introduced and analyzed. The directional stepped-curve distance-time protection and the impedance protection are illustrated and simulated. Concluding the results of the two concepts are compared.
Epidermal chemokines and modulation by antihistamines, antibiotics and antifungals (2007)

Growing evidence has demonstrated that chemokines released from epidermal cells control inflammatory skin diseases. Keratinocytes elaborate both Th1- and Th2-associated chemokines, although the former is more abundantly produced than the latter. Downmodulation of keratinocyte production of chemokines is one of the therapeutic approaches for cutaneous inflammatory disorders. Recent observations have shown that keratinocyte chemokine production can be modulated by well-used drugs, including antihistamines, antibiotics and antifungals. Utilization of the beneficial side effects of these drugs may by clinically valuable.
A Measuring System for Potential Distribution and Its Application to Corrosion Studies (1983)

An apparatus for measuring the potential distribution on a flat specimen immersed in an electrolyte was designed and connected with a micro-computer to systematize the measuring method: A potential sensor controlled by the micro-computer scans a plane close to and parallel with the specimen surface, and the sensor positions and measured potentials are set on-line to the input of the micro-computer to display potential maps on a CRT display.Three kinds of displays of the potential distribution on copper-zinc galvanic corrosion systems were presented. The three-dimensional display and the shading display are suitable for monitoring the potential distribution. An equipotential contour map obtained by the computer analysis is suitable for analysing quantitatively the potential distribution. The measuring system was also applied to the investigation of the corrosion of an aluminum. Potential maps varied with time, corresponding well to the initiation and growth of pits.Therefore, the measuring system developed in this study is very useful for the survey of the electrochemical inhomogenuity on a specimen and can be widely applicable to corrosion studies.
Gestion des déplacements de terminaux IPv6 mobiles assistée par géolocalisation (2006)

L’engouement des technologies sans fil et notamment du Wi-Fi a fait emerger de nouveaux usages sur l'Internet Nouvelle Generation tels que la possibilite de communiquer tout en se deplacant. Neanmoins, nous avons observe que les procedures misent en place par les standards pour supporter la mobilite provoquent des coupures dans les communications, particulierement perceptibles lors de communications temps reel. Les travaux realises au cours de cette these se sont focalises sur l'optimisation de la gestion de la mobilite a travers l'ajout d'informations contextuelles. Plus particulierement, nous nous sommes interesses aux benefices apportes par l'introduction d'informations de geolocalisation dans les mecanismes permettant la mobilite des utilisateurs dans l'Internet. Cette these a notamment donne lieu a la definition et a l'implementation de deux nouveaux protocoles, ainsi qu'a l'amelioration d'un outil de simulation de reseau sans fil IPv6.
Water Ordering on the Magnetite Fe3O4 Surfaces (2019)

The interaction of water with the most prominent surfaces of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, (001) and (111), is directly compared using a combination of temperature-programmed desorption, temperature-programmed low energy electron diffraction (TP LEED), and scanning probe microscopies. Adsorption on the (√2 × √2)R45°-reconstructed surface of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(001) is strongly influenced by the surface reconstruction, which remains intact at all coverages. Close to the completion of the first monolayer, however, the ad-layer adopts a longer-range (2 × 2) superstructure. This finding is discussed in the context of a similar (2 × 2) superstructure recently observed on the (111) facet, which exists over a significantly larger range of temperatures and coverages. In both cases, the long-range order is evidence that water-water interactions exert a significant influence on the structure already prior to the nucleation of the second layer. We conclude that the stability differences stem from the smaller unit cell on the (111) surface, and the ability of water to more easily form stable hexagonal ice-like structures on the hexagonal substrate.
Introduction (2009)

Abstract The chapters in the volume are organized into three groups to highlight the concept of circulation. The circulation idea does not juxtapose interests within the Hong Kong territory against a fixed, imaginary “outside”, instead it highlights processes by which cross-border fluidities and institutional integrity have been mutually constitutive. The first group of chapters uses lessons of history to argue that Hong Kong has thrived as an autonomous space of flow. The postwar decades, however, generated a different experience. The composition of “Hong Kongers” in fact remains rather fluid. As shown by the second group of chapters, there have been continuous waves of legal and illegal immigrants from China and from countries overseas. The third group of chapters shows the intersection between circulation and institution, flow and growth, and the socially differentiated terrain that has resulted.
Classification of Bifurcations of Quasi-Periodic Solutions Using Lyapunov Bundles (2014)

In continuous-time dynamical systems, a periodic orbit becomes a fixed point on a certain Poincaré section. The eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix at this fixed point determine the local stability of the periodic orbit. Analogously, a quasi-periodic orbit (2-torus) becomes an invariant closed curve (ICC) on a Poincaré section. From the Lyapunov exponents of an ICC, we can determine the time average of the exponential divergence rate of the orbit, which corresponds to the eigenvalues of a fixed point. We denote the Lyapunov exponent with the smallest nonzero absolute value as the Dominant Lyapunov Exponent (DLE). A local bifurcation manifests as a crossing or touch of the DLE locus with zero. However, the type of bifurcation cannot be determined from the DLE. To overcome this problem, we define the Dominant Lyapunov Bundle (DLB), which corresponds to the dominant eigenvectors of a fixed point. We prove that the DLB of a 1-torus in a map can be classified into four types: A + (annulus and orientation preserving), A - (annulus and orientation reversing), M (Möbius band), and F (focus). The DLB of a 2-torus in a flow can be classified into three types: A + × A + , A - × M (equivalently M × A - and M × M), and F × F. From the results, we conjecture the possible local bifurcations in both cases. For the 1-torus in a map, we conjecture that type A + and A - DLBs correspond to a saddle-node and period-doubling bifurcations, respectively, whereas a type M DLB denotes a double-covering bifurcation, and type F relates to a Neimark–Sacker bifurcation. Similarly, for the 2-torus in a flow, we conjecture that type A + × A + DLBs correspond to saddle-node bifurcations, type A - × M DLBs to double-covering bifurcations, and type F × F DLBs to the Neimark–Sacker bifurcations. After introducing the mathematical concepts, we provide a DLB-calculating algorithm and illustrate all of the above bifurcations by examples.
Observational Construction of the Multi-Step Type Multi-Anchored Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall (2005)

The behavior during construction of a multi-step type Multi-Anchored Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall constructed on relatively soft foundation ground was carefully observed by means of various sensors. The aim of this study is to provide valuable information for the verification of the design concept of the multi-anchored reinforced retaining wall through the analysis of the observed behavior of the reinforced retaining wall. In this paper, first the mechanism of reinforcement and the design concept in the multiple-anchored reinforced soil method are briefly introduced. Next, the characteristic design of the three-step reinforced retaining wall is explained regarding the advantages of mechanical stability and cost performance. The observed behavior of the reinforced retaining wall is analyzed and the applicability of the design concept described in the available design manual for Multi-Anchored Reinforced Soil Method is discussed. According to the result of the measurement, sufficient stability of the multi-step reinforced retaining wall was recognized. The safety factor of the sliding arc considered reinforced effect was calculated as 1.5 based on the measurment.
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockade Administered after Injury Improves Muscle Regeneration and Decreases Fibrosis in Normal Skeletal Muscle (2008)

Angiotensin receptor blockers may provide a safe, clinically available treatment for improving healing after skeletal muscle injury.
Using Family LiteracyBbags to Enhance Parental Involvement (2002)

Hoto (1111 Mrly childhood programs encourage families to enhance children S (flrly [itcracy development?Find 0/11 about some of the !lIt/IIY possibilities toith Family Literacy Bags.at horne to young children and in revealing the strong relationship of lower levels of literacy achievement associated with infrequent or limited reading of story books in the home (Robinson, Larsen, & Haupt, 1996): High frequency of home picture book reading is related: to children's: --:., ability to benefi~from formal literacy instruction, greater ability to attend to text and school-type learning; increased print-related knowledge, and increased motivation and desire to interact with books and learn to read (Dickinson & Smith, 1994; Robins on, La~son, & Haupt, 1995). ." Book reading is essential to develop the knowledge necessary for eventual success in reading acquisition and is "as strong a predictor of, reading achievement as is phonemic awareness" (Bus et al., p. 17).Neuman (1997) argues thatj'engaging parents and children in mutual activities that include,book reading, but are notlimited to it, may constitute the richest potential for supporting children's early literacy development" CR. 119).'..Even in 10w~literacy families and those for whbm English is not the na~ive language, frequent book reading positively affects children's literacy skills Using Family Literacy Bags to Enhance Family Involvement Martha T. Dever and Diane C. Burts Many kindergarten children enter school without the f:lInily support and experiences with books and other literacy materials they need to succeed in school (Berger,