gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Medawar Redux – An Overview on the Use of Farm Animal Models to Elucidate Principles of Reproductive Immunology (2010)

Farm animals have been important models for the development of reproductive immunology. Two of the major concepts underpinning reproductive immunology, the idea of the fetal allograft and progesterone's role in regulation of uterine immunity, were developed using the bovine as a model. This volume of the American Journal of Reproductive Immunology is composed of review articles that highlight the continued relevance of farm animals as models for research in mammalian biology. It is important that a diverse array of genotypes are used to elucidate biological principles relevant to mammalian biology and human health because the nature of mammalian evolution has resulted in a situation where the genome of the most commonly used animal model, the laboratory mouse, is less similar to the human than other species like the cow. Moreover, the evolution of placental function has been accompanied by formation of new genes during recent evolution so that orthologs do not exist in any but closely related species. Given the infrastructure needs to study farm animal species, optimal utilization of these animals as models for biomedical research will require significant increases in funding to reverse a historical erosion of resources devoted to animal agricultural research.
Suitability of Ge-As-Te system for optical data storage (1996)

We report the study of crystallization kinetics and time-temperature-transformation in alloys of Ge7.5AsxTe92.5-x (x=20, 40, 45, 47.5, 50, 52.5, 55) and Ge10AsxTe90-x (x=15, 20, 22.5, 35, 40, 45, 50), in order to examine the suitability of these alloys for reversible phase change optical recording (RPCOR) films, which is one of the leading optical storage devices. Using the values of viscosity and kinetics of crystal nucleation and growth process, the time-temperature-transformation curves were obtained. The variation of critical parameters such as minimum erasure time and thermal stability has been calculated as a function of composition. It has been observed that for our samples, the critical cooling rate is high (2.1*105-4.3*104 K/min) for Ge10AsxTe90-x (x=15, 20, 22.5, 35, 40, 45, 50) and 1.51*105-2.91*104 K/min for Ge7.5AsxTe92.5-x (x=15, 20, 22.5, 35, 40, 45, 50) ensuring fast erasure speed ( approximately=1 mu s) which is an essential requirement for high quality RPCOR films. It is suggested that the material with lower concentration of Germanium (<10 at.%), Arsenide and Tellurium concentration between (35-55 at.%) are better contenders for the above application.
Genital Infection of Female Hamsters with Herpesvirus Hominis Type 2 (HVH-2) (1975)

Intravaginal inoculation of female hamsters (40-65 g) with HVH-2 (6 X 105 PFU) results in an infection of 40-67% of the animals. The illness is characterized by vaginitis with discharge, paralysis, and finally death. Washing the vagina with saline 30 min prior to virus inoculation enhances the infection so that 80-100% of the animals eventually die. Virus can be isolated from the vagina within 1-2 days after inoculation. Evidence of infection of the spinal cord is apparent by the third day whereas virus could not be isolated from the brain until Day 5. Attempts to demonstrate virus in whole blood, spleen, kidney, or liver homogenates prepared from infected animals were negative.
True elasticity in multi-tenant data-intensive compute clusters (2012)

Data-intensive computing (DISC) frameworks scale by partitioning a job across a set of fault-tolerant tasks, then diffusing those tasks across large clusters. Multi-tenanted clusters must accommodate service-level objectives (SLO) in their resource model, often expressed as a maximum latency for allocating the desired set of resources to every job. When jobs are partitioned into tasks statically, a cluster cannot meet its SLOs while maintaining both high utilization and efficiency. Ideally, we want to give resources to jobs when they are free but would expect to reclaim them instantaneously when new jobs arrive, without losing work. DISC frameworks do not support such elasticity because interrupting running tasks incurs high overheads. Amoeba enables lightweight elasticity in DISC frameworks by identifying points at which running tasks of over-provisioned jobs can be safely exited, committing their outputs, and spawning new tasks for the remaining work. Effectively, tasks of DISC jobs are now sized dynamically in response to global resource scarcity or abundance. Simulation and deployment of our prototype shows that Amoeba speeds up jobs by 32% without compromising utilization or efficiency.
Hydridochlorobis(triphenylphosphine) platinum (II) and Some Related Compounds (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydridochlorobis(triphenylphosphine) platinum (II) and Some Related CompoundsJohn C. Bailar Jr. and Hiroshi ItataniCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1965, 4, 11, 1618–1620Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50033a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50033a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views871Altmetric-Citations173LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Bidirectional synchronization and hierarchical error correction for robust image transmission</title> (1998)

In this paper, we present a novel joint source and channel image coding scheme for noisy channel transmission. The proposed scheme consists of two innovative components: (1) Intelligent bi-directional synchronization, and (2) Layered bit-plane error protection. The bi-directional synchronization is able to recover the coding synchronization when any single or even when two consecutive synchronization codes are corrupted by the channel noise. With synchronized partition, unequal error protection for each bit-plane can be designed to suit for a wide range of channel environments. The hierarchical error protection strategy is based on the analysis of bit-plane error sensitivity, aiming at achieving an optimal joint source and channel coding when the compressed image data are transmitted over noisy channels. Experimental results over extensive channel simulations show that the proposed scheme outperforms the approach proposed by Sherwood and Zeger who have reported the best numerical results in the literature.
[Topiramate in clinical practice (part 1). Multicentric retrospective analysis of the efficacy of topiramate as add-on therapy according to the topographic form of focal epilepsy]. (2000)

Randomized, controlled studies of new antiepileptic drugs do not always highlight their best utilization in clinical practice. The authors gathered 361 cases of focal epilepsies treated with topiramate (TPM) as an add-on to other anti epileptic drugs prior to marketing. Among these, only 237 were treated for at least 3 months and analyzed here. These patients were treated by neurologists in a clinical setting, with free choice of associated drugs, titration and final daily doses. Compared with controlled studies, TPM was titrated slowly (mean rate: 43 mg/week, vs 100 to 200), and was given at a lower final dose (346 mg/d, vs 200 to 1000). This analysis confirmed the efficacy of TPM as add-on therapy in focal epilepsies (9.3p.100 totally controlled, 19 p.100 with reduction of seizures=90 p. 100, 52.7 p.100 responders at=50 p.100). It showed that there was a striking response in epilepsies originating from the central areas, which are often drug-resistant (19 p.100 totally controlled, 33.33 p. 100 with reduction of seizures=90 p.100). There were responders in all topographic groups. There was however no specific response according to etiology.
Cyclodextrin-Mediated Removal of Sterols from Monolayers:  Effects of Sterol Structure and Phospholipids on Desorption Rate (1996)

In this study, we have examined a number of parameters which affect the rate of sterol desorption from a model membrane surface (a monolayer at the air/water interface) to cyclodextrins (CD) in the aqueous subphase. The desorption experiments were carried out at a constant lateral surface pressure with a zero-order trough, which allowed for a determination of desorption rates which were unaffected by monolayer substrate concentration. At a surface pressure of 20 mN/m (30 degrees C), 0.9 mM beta-CD caused a desorption of about 13 pmol of cholesterol per minute and square centimeter of monolayer area. The desorption of cholesterol proceeded linearly as a time function and was sensitive to the concentration of beta-CD in the subphase. The rate of cholesterol desorption increased as the monolayer surface pressure increased (3->35 mN/m) but decreased slightly with increasing temperature (15->30 degrees C). The rate of sterol desorption appeared to be influenced by the relative polarity of the sterols. Oxidized sterols desorbed significantly faster than cholesterol (e.g., 4-cholesten-3-one desorbed 8.4-fold faster than cholesterol), whereas less polar sterols desorbed at slower rates [e.g., 20(R)-isoheptyl-5-pregnen-3 beta-ol, a cholesterol analogue with a ten-carbon branched side chain, desorbed at 1/10 of the rate of cholesterol]. Cholesterol desorption from a monolayer membrane containing both cholesterol and a phospholipid was much slower than from a pure cholesterol monolayer. When the effect of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and N-palmitoylsphingomyelin on cholesterol desorption rate was compared, it was found that cholesterol desorption was much more retarded from sphingomyelin monolayers as compared to that from phosphatidylcholine monolayers. Taken together, the results of this study show that the beta-CD-enhanced desorption of cholesterol (and other sterols) from monolayer membranes is influenced by the polarity of the desorbing molecules, as well as by lipid/lipid interactions in the membranes. Since beta-CD has no surface activity of its own, it appears to be a useful, nonintrusive catalyzer of cholesterol desorption and is expected to become a valuable probe in membrane and cell research.
Adverse Drug Event Notification System: Reusing Clinical Patient Data for Semi-automatic ADE Detection (2014)

Adverse drug events (ADEs) are common, costly and a public health issue. Today, their detection relies on medical chart review and spontaneous reports, but this is known to be rather ineffective. Along with the increasing availability of clinical patient data in electronic health records (EHRs), a computer-based ADE detection has a tremendous potential to contribute to patient safety. Current ADE detection systems are very specific, usually built directly on top of clinical information systems through proprietary interfaces. Thus, it is not possible to run different ADE detection tools on top of already existing systems in an ad-hoc manner. The European project "SALUS" aims at providing the necessary infrastructure and toolset for accessing and analyzing clinical patient data of heterogeneous clinical information systems. This paper highlights the SALUS ADE notification system as the key tool to enable a semi-automatic ADE detection and notification. In contrast to previous work, the ADE notification system is not restricted to a specific clinical environment. It can be run on different clinical data models with different levels of data quality. The system is equipped with innovative features, building up an intelligent, comprehensive ADE detection and notification system that promises a profound impact in the domain of computer-based ADE detection.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Diphosphorus‐Molybdenum Ring System. (1987)

Abstract The reaction of ArPCl 2 (I) with two equiv. of the molybdate (II) affords the diphosphine (III), the binuclear product (IV), ArP=PAr, ArPH 2 , and Ar(H)PP(H)Ar.
Inorganic chemistry (1963)

A. K. Holliday and D. Nicholls, Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., 1963, 60, 177 DOI: 10.1039/AR9636000177
Characterization of Slow Pyrolysis Biochars: Effects of Feedstocks and Pyrolysis Temperature on Biochar Properties (2012)

Biochars are increasingly used as soil amendment and for C sequestration in soils. The influence of feedstock differences and pyrolysis temperature on biochar characteristics has been widely studied. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the formation of potentially toxic compounds that remain in the biochars after pyrolysis. We investigated biochars from three feedstocks (wheat straw, poplar wood, and spruce wood) that were slowly pyrolyzed at 400, 460, and 525°C for 5 h (straw) and 10 h (woodchips), respectively. We characterized the biochars' pH, electrical conductivity, elemental composition (by dry combustion and X-ray fluorescence), surface area (by N adsorption), water-extractable major elements, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). We further conducted differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffractometry to obtain information on the biochars' molecular characteristics and mineralogical composition. We investigated trace metal content, total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content, and PAH composition in the biochars. The highest salt (4.92 mS cm) and ash (12.7%) contents were found in straw-derived biochars. The H/C ratios of biochars with highest treatment temperature (HTT) 525°C were 0.46 to 0.40. Surface areas were low but increased (1.8-56 m g) with increasing HTT, whereas CEC decreased (162-52 mmol kg) with increasing HTT. The results of DSC and FTIR suggested a loss of labile, aliphatic compounds during pyrolysis and the formation of more recalcitrant, aromatic constituents. X-ray diffractometry patterns indicated a mineralogical restructuring of biochars with increasing HTT. Water-extractable major and trace elements varied considerably with feedstock composition, with trace elements also affected by HTT. Total PAH contents (sum of EPA 16 PAHs) were highly variable with values up to 33.7 mg kg; irrespective of feedstock type, the composition of PAHs showed increasing dominance of naphthalene with increasing HTT. The results demonstrate that biochars are highly heterogeneous materials that, depending on feedstock and HTT, may be suitable for soil application by contributing to the nutrient status and adding recalcitrant C to the soil but also potentially pose ecotoxicological challenges.
Targeting FLIP and Mcl‐1 using a combination of aspirin and sorafenib sensitizes colon cancer cells to TRAIL (2012)

The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib is highly effective against certain types of cancer in the clinic and prevents colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), have shown activity against colon cancer cells. The aims of this study were to determine whether the combination of aspirin with sorafenib has enhanced anti-proliferative effects and increases recombinant human tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (rhTRAIL)-induced apoptosis in the human SW948, Lovo, Colo205, Colo320, Caco-2 and HCT116 colon cancer cell lines. In four cell lines, aspirin strongly stimulated the anti-proliferative effects of sorafenib (∼four-fold enhancement) by inducing cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, combining low doses of aspirin (≤ 5 mm) and sorafenib (≤ 2.5 µm) greatly sensitized TRAIL-sensitive and TRAIL-resistant colon cancer cells to rhTRAIL, much more potently than either drug combined with rhTRAIL. The increase in rhTRAIL sensitivity was due to inhibition of FLIP and Mcl-1 protein expression following aspirin and sorafenib co-treatment, as confirmed by knock-down studies. Next, the clinical relevance of targeting FLIP and Mcl-1 in colon cancer was examined. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that Mcl-1 expression was significantly increased in colon adenoma and carcinoma patient material compared to healthy colonic epithelium, similar to the enhanced FLIP expression we recently observed in colon cancer. These results underscore the potential of combining low doses of aspirin with sorafenib to inhibit proliferation and target the anti-apoptotic proteins FLIP and Mcl-1 in colon cancer cells.
Electron-Cyclotron-Resonance Microwave Plasma Oxidation of Er1Ba2Cu3Oy Superconductive Ceramics (1988)

An electron-cyclotron-resonance (ECR) microwave plasma was introduced to the forced oxidation of high- T c Er 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O y superconducting ceramics in oxygen pressure as low as 0.9 Pa. The negative bias (-40 V) application to the specimen greatly helped the progress of the plasma oxidation as compared with the positive bias (+30 V) one. The accumulation of the oxygen atoms ionized positively is thought to be responsible for the observed bias effect. A higher substance temperature and input microwave power also enhanced the plasma oxidation. A 30-minute oxidation was sufficient to obtain the superconductivity with T c ≧92 K.
Recognition and Automatic Tracking of Weld Line in Welding of T-Joint of Pipes by an Autonomous Mobile Robot with Vision Sensor. (1996)

An autonomous mobile robot with visual sensor and four driving axes for pipe welding was constructed. The robot can move along a pipe, and detect the weld line to be welded by a visual sensor. Moreover, in order to perform welding automatically, the welding torch can track the weld line of the pipes by rotating the robot head. In the case of welding of T-joints of pipes, the robot can detect the contact angle between the two base metals to be welded, and the torch angle changes according to the contact angle. As the result of a tracking test by the robot system, it was shown that the recognition of the geometry of the T-joint by the laser light section method and automatic seam tracking were possible. The average tracking error was approximately 0.3 mm and the torch angle could be always kept at the optimum angle.
Attention based Transformers for Mitosis Domain Generalization in H&E stained WSIs (2022)

Digital pathology is increasingly being used in the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors. Detection of increased mitosis is a key component of tumor prognostication for various tumors. While manual interpretation is still the most widely used, it suffers from high variability between pathologists, severely affecting accuracy and reproducibility. Furthermore, this requires significant time and effort from expert pathologists thereby limiting its scalability. Many of the current state-of-the-art methods in digital histopathology are specialized for specific tumors. Such models have limited generalization capability in the case of unseen tissue types and in the case of instrument and staining variations. Hence there is a need for accurate methods for detection of mitotic figures which can generalize well to unseen tissue types and is robust against instrument variability.
Integrating change management for/towards sustainable energy efficient management — A case study (2012)

Organisations tend to incorporate the energy management roles by recruiting maintenance personnel and facility managers that are already under immense pressure to achieve their workload and targets. When energy efficiency knowledge exists, it very often resides with individuals rather than within the company, which has a direct impact on sustainability. The goal is to obtain an aligned commitment between organisation behaviour at all levels and the new culture of energy efficiency in South Africa. This paper provides a brief overview of the general organisational change principles and argues that for energy management to be successful, organisations need to break away from the status quo in managing and implementing energy efficiency initiatives. The author argues that these principles can enhance sustainable energy reduction in an organisation if applied successfully.
Modeling and efficient cancellation of nonlinear self-interference in MIMO full-duplex transceivers (2014)

This paper addresses the modeling and digital cancellation of self-interference in in-band full-duplex (FD) transceivers with multiple transmit and receive antennas. The self-interference modeling and the proposed nonlinear spatio-temporal digital canceller structure takes into account, by design, the effects of I/Q modulator imbalances and power amplifier (PA) nonlinearities with memory, in addition to the multipath self-interference propagation channels and the analog RF cancellation stage. The proposed solution is the first cancellation technique in the literature which can handle such a self-interference scenario. It is shown by comprehensive simulations with realistic RF component parameters and with two different PA models to clearly outperform the current state-of-the-art digital self-interference cancellers, and to clearly extend the usable transmit power range.
The collaboration management infrastructure (2002)

The Collaboration Management lnfrastructure (CMI) has been developed at MCC to manage collaboration processes in both traditional and virtual enterprises, and to provide combined process and situation awareness. CMI technology development is driven by the requirements of many advanced applications provided by the companies that are members of the consortial CMI project. Such advanced applications include crisis mitigation, command and control, logistics, and service provisioning in virtual enterprises. These applications are not effectively supported by existing workflow and groupware technologies. To address the requirements imposed by these applications CMI provides a sophisticated Collaboration Management Model (CMM) and a corresponding component-oriented system that implements the CMM. CMM draws existing primitives from workflow and groupware models and introduces new primitives that address previously unsupported requirements of the CMI driver applications. In this paper, a crisis mitigation application is presented that involves several process templates which are extended dynamically as details about the crisis become known.
All in a spin: rotational levitated optomechanics (2022)

Optically levitated micro and nanoparticles in vacuum offer new approaches for precision measurement and fundamental physics. We will discuss the use of rotational degree of freedom for achieving high Q values and studying limit cycles.