gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effects of CBD hemp extract on opioid use and quality of life indicators in chronic pain patients: a prospective cohort study (2019)

<b>Context</b>: Chronic pain is highly prevalent in most of the industrialized nations around the world. Despite the documented adverse effects, opioids are widely used for pain management. Cannabinoids, and specifically Cannabidiol, is proposed as an opioid alternative, having comparable efficacy with better safety profile.<b>Objectives</b>: We aim to investigate the impact of full hemp extract cannabidiol (CBD) on opioid use and quality of life indicators among chronic pain patients.<b>Methods</b>: An initial sample of 131 patients was recruited from a private pain management center's investigative population. Ninety-seven patients completed the 8-week study. The primary inclusion criteria included patients between 30 and 65 years old with chronic pain who have been on opioids for at least 1 year. Data were collected at three different time points: baseline, 4, and 8 weeks. Opioid and other medication use were evaluated via the medication and psychiatric treatment receipt. Improvement was evaluated using four indices: Pain Disability Index (PDI-4); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pain Intensity and Interference (PEG); and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4).<b>Results</b>: Over half of chronic pain patients (53%) reduced or eliminated their opioids within 8 weeks after adding CBD-rich hemp extract to their regimens. Almost all CBD users (94%) reported quality of life improvements. The results indicated a significant relationship between CBD and PSQI (p = 0.003), and PEG (p = 0.006). There was a trend toward improvement but no significant relationship between CBD use and PHQ and PDI.<b>Conclusion</b>: CBD could significantly reduce opioid use and improve chronic pain and sleep quality among patients who are currently using opioids for pain management.<b>Key Message</b>: This is a prospective, single-arm cohort study for the potential role of cannabinoids as an alternative for opioids. The results indicate that using the CBD-rich extract enabled our patients to reduce or eliminate opioids with significant improvement in their quality of life indices.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Oxidation of Tertiary‐Secondary vic‐Diols (I), (III), (V), ( VII) to α‐Hydroxy Ketones (II), (IV), (VI), (VIII) by Dioxiranes. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Preparation of functional DNA microarrays through laser-induced forward transfer (2004)

A functional DNA microarray was prepared through the laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) technique. In a first experiment, droplets of a buffer solution were spotted onto a substrate at different laser pulse energies. This allowed one to determine that uniform spots with a diameter as small as 40μm could be obtained. In a second experiment, a microarray containing two different human cDNAs and a negative control was spotted through LIFT and submitted to a hybridization assay. The obtained results demonstrated the full functionality of the microarray, which allowed us to prove the viability of LIFT for the production of DNA microarrays.
CAR T cells targeting Olfactory Receptor OR2H1 are an effective immunotherapeutic option in human epithelial tumors (2022)

Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have been successful for hematological malignancies, but so far showed limited efficiency against solid tumors. Olfactory receptors are expressed in a variety of epithelial cancers, with a limited expression in healthy tissues. We quantified olfactory receptor OR2H1 expression in ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, and many normal tissues, and we found OR2H1 is expressed in multiple solid epithelial tumors but limited to testis among healthy human tissues. CAR T cells targeting OR2H1-extracellular domain were generated, and OR2H1-specific cytotoxic killing was confirmed, both in vitro and in vivo. Correspondingly, OR2H1-CAR T cells mediate significant therapeutic effects against OR2H1+ NSCLC and high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Interestingly, OR2H1 ablation significantly delays malignant progression of at least NSCLC, but OR2H1 expression is found to be essential for the cytotoxic effects of the OR2H1-CAR T cells. In summary, T cells directed against OR2H1-expressing tumor cells could be a potential therapeutic approach in future for treating OR2H1-expressing cancers. Supported by CA076292, R01CA157664, R01CA124515, R01CA178687, R01CA211913, U01CA232758
Efficient string matching in the presence of errors (1985)

Consider the string matching problem where differences between characters of the pattern and characters of the text are allowed. Each difference is due to either a mismatch between a character of the text and a character of the pattern or a superfluous character in the text or a superfluous character in the pattern. Given a text of length n, a pattern of length m and an integer k, we present an algorithm for finding all occurrences of the pattern in the text, each with at most k differences. The algorithm runs in O(m2 + k2n) time. Given the same input we also present an algorithm for finding all occurrences of the pattern in the text, each with at most k mismatches (superfluous characters in either the text or the pattern are not allowed). This algorithm runs in O(k(m logm + n)) time.
Physically Motivated Water Modeling in Control-Oriented Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Stack Models (2021)

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are prone to membrane dehydration and liquid water flooding, negatively impacting their performance and lifetime. Therefore, PEMFCs require appropriate water management, which makes accurate water modeling indispensable. Unfortunately, available control-oriented models only replicate individual water-related aspects or use oversimplistic approximations. This paper resolves this challenge by proposing, for the first time, a control-oriented PEMFC stack model focusing on physically motivated water modeling, which covers phase change, liquid water removal, membrane water uptake, and water flooding effects on the electrochemical reaction. Parametrizing the resulting model with measurement data yielded the fitted model. The parameterized model delivers valuable insight into the water mechanisms, which were thoroughly analyzed. In summary, the proposed model enables the derivation of advanced control strategies for efficient water management and mitigation of the degradation phenomena of PEMFCs. Additionally, the model provides the required accuracy for control applications while maintaining the necessary computational efficiency.
Pharmacokinetics Do Not Explain the Absence of an Anesthetic Effect of Perfluoropropane or Perfluoropentane (1994)

In conflict with the prediction of the Meyer-Overton hypothesis, perfluoropropane (C3F8) and perfluoropentane (C5F12) have no anesthetic effect in rats. To test whether this resulted from a failure of the inspired drugs to reach the brain, we determined the increase in partial pressures of C3F8 and C5F12 in the blood and brains of rats exposed to 0.65 ata of each drug. C3F8 and C5F12 blood/gas partition coefficients equaled 0.00125 +/- 0.00037 (mean +/- SD, n = 9) and 0.00277 +/- 0.00082 (n = 4), and brain/gas partition coefficients equaled 0.0119 +/- 0.0002 (n = 4) and 0.0229 +/- 0.0055 (n = 7), respectively. As a fraction of the inspired value (Pa/PI), the partial pressures of C3F8 and C5F12 in blood (Pa) were 0.99 +/- 0.12 and 0.69 +/- 0.19, respectively, 30 min after administration. The increases in cerebral (Pb) partial pressures of both drugs paralleled the arterial increases (Pb/PI = 0.85 +/- 0.02, and 1.05 +/- 0.03, respectively at 30 min), with C3F8 reaching a plateau at 2 h of 96% +/- 4% of the partial pressure of inspired gas. We conclude that failure of C3F8 and C5F12 to reach the brain does not account for the absence of an anesthetic effect of these compounds.
Obinutuzumab-Induced B Cell Depletion Reduces Spinal Cord Pathology in a CD20 Double Transgenic Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis (2020)

B cell-depleting therapies have recently proven to be clinically highly successful in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to determine the effects of the novel type II anti-human CD20 (huCD20) monoclonal antibody (mAb) obinutuzumab (OBZ) on spinal cord degeneration in a B cell-dependent mouse model of MS. Double transgenic huCD20xHIGR3 (CD20dbtg) mice, which express human CD20, were immunised with the myelin fusion protein MP4 to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Both light and electron microscopy were used to assess myelination and axonal pathology in mice treated with OBZ during chronic EAE. Furthermore, the effects of the already established murine anti-CD20 antibody 18B12 were assessed in C57BL/6 wild-type (wt) mice. In both models (18B12/wt and OBZ/CD20dbtg) anti-CD20 treatment significantly diminished the extent of spinal cord pathology. While 18B12 treatment mainly reduced the extent of axonal pathology, a significant decrease in demyelination and increase in remyelination were additionally observed in OBZ-treated mice. Hence, the data suggest that OBZ could have neuroprotective effects on the CNS, setting the drug apart from the currently available type I anti-CD20 antibodies.
Short-term load forecasting based on load decomposition and numerical weather forecast (2017)

This paper proposes a short-term load forecasting method based on load decomposition and numerical weather forecast. Load is decomposed into two components: the base component and the weather-sensitive component, which are forecasted separately. The Seasonal and Trend decomposition by Loess (STL) algorithm is adopted in load decomposition, allowing the base component to change over time. The Holt-Winters model is adopted in forecasting time series of the base component. A Support Vector Regression (SVR) model is trained by historical load data and meteorological data in forecasting the weather-sensitive component. The proposed method is tested using the real electricity load data of a city grid in South China. Case study shows the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
2013 Nobel Prize In Chemistry (2013)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXT2013 Nobel Prize In ChemistryCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2013, 91, 41, 5Publication Date (Print):October 14, 2013Publication History Published online31 March 2014Published inissue 14 October 2013https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09141-notw1Copyright © 2013 Chemical & Engineering NewsArticle Views8Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (111 KB) Get e-Alerts
The Introduction of English at the Junior Level of the Swedish Comprehensive Compulsory 9-year School : A study of perceived knowledge in relation to motivation conducted among 3rd grade students (2011)

Abstract Titel: The Introduction of English at the Junior level of the Swedish 9-Year Comprehensive Compulsory School: A study of perceived knowledge in relation to motivation conducted among 3rdgrade students. Författare: Andersson, Rolf Engelska C, 2011 Antal sidor: 26 Abstract: This paper focuses on perceived knowledge of students at the junior level of the comprehensive compulsory 9-year school, as this has an impact on their motivation to study the language. The national curriculum of 2011 assumes that English is introduced at an early stage, during the junior level. The purpose of this paper is to examine how students who start English in the first grade, according to the recommendations of the curriculum, relate to the subject. The paper contains a bibliography section, where I present language research concerning foreign language introduction, language acquisition and motivation, followed by a presentation of a historical view on second language learning in Sweden, and then an investigation conducted by a questionnaire. The purpose of the investigation is to measure the students’ perceived knowledge of English, as this affects their motivation. The investigation is limited to two third grade classes in a junior level school in a rural, scarcely populated municipality in the south-west of Sweden. All in all 40 students took part in the study. The aim of the paper is to answer the following question: How do the pupils regard their own achievements in English? The students have a general ability to evaluate their personal achievements and knowledge subjectively. They seem quite confident about their listening and speaking skills. The most difficult language segment, writing, where the language skills and requirements are most clearly defined, is the language area where the students feel that their ability is weaker. All students, with one exception, agree that language studies are important for them. What the study also shows is the variety of languages that students wish to study, i.e. Chinese and Japanese together with Spanish, Greek and sign languages show how the 9-year-old students are aware of the world around them. The reason why this investigation has been conducted is to investigate the students’ perceived knowledge as this has an impact on their motivation to study the language. Nyckelord : Early English introduction, English at the junior level, perceived knowledge, motivation.
Frequency Response of the Neck During Production of Selected Speech Sounds (2009)

During speech the vocal folds vibrate resulting in audible sounds that are transmitted through the vocal tract as well as vibrations that are transmitted through the body tissue to the skin surface. These skin surface vibrations can be detected by contact microphones and used to transmit speech. The objective of this study was to characterize the frequency content of speech signals at a concentrated are on the neck. Signals were recorded using accelerometers attached to 12 locations on the neck of seven subjects as well as a microphone to record audible speech. The subjects produced several isolated phonemes. The power spectral densities (PSDs) of the phonemes were used to determine a quality ranking for each location and sound.
Characterization of Host and Microbial Determinants in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection Using a Human Granuloma Model (2015)

In 2012, approximately 1.3 million people died from tuberculosis (TB), the highest rate for any single bacterial pathogen. The long-term control of TB requires a better understanding of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis in appropriate research models. Granulomas represent the characteristic host tissue response to TB, controlling the bacilli while concentrating the immune response to a limited area. However, complete eradication of bacteria does not occur, since M. tuberculosis has its own strategies to adapt and persist. Thus, the M. tuberculosis-containing granuloma represents a unique environment for dictating both the host immune response and the bacterial response. Here we developed and characterized an in vitro granuloma model derived from blood cells of individuals with latent TB infection that more accurately defines the human immune response and metabolic profiles of M. tuberculosis within this uniquely regulated immune environment. This model may also prove beneficial for understanding other granulomatous diseases.
Correlated quantitative studies of the neostriatum, nucleus accumbens, substantia nigra, and ventral tegmental area in normal and weaver mutant mice (1994)

Normal mice (+/+) and homozygous weaver mutant mice (wv/wv) at 1 year of age were used for three-dimensional computer-aided reconstructions of the nucleus accumbens (NA) and neostriatum (ST) and for quantitative estimations of the total number of medium-sized neurons in the NA and ST, and for the total number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-containing neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra (SN). The three-dimensional reconstructions showed that the weaver NA and ST are smaller than they are in +/+. Quantitative volumetric measurements of the NA and ST showed wv/wv were smaller than +/+ by nonsignificant differences of 14% and 13%, respectively. The wv/wv group showed statistically significant depletion of neurons in all four structures. On average, NA neurons are reduced by 27%, ST neurons by 22%, VTA-TH neurons by 40%, and SN-TH neurons by 79%. In wv/wv animals, there was a high positive correlation (r = 0.836) between the numbers of SN-TH neurons and ST neurons and a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.534) between the numbers of SN-VTA neurons and NA neurons. The nuclei in TH-containing neurons in wv/wv and +/+ had the same diameters, but in all animals, the SN-TH neurons contained larger nuclei than the VTA-TH neurons. Cytoarchitectonic measurements in control and weaver NA and ST were also similar. In all animals, the NA contains more densely packed neurons with smaller nuclei than those in the ST.
Map navigation with mobile devices (2007)

A user study was conducted to compare the performance of three methods for map navigation with mobile devices. These methods are joystick navigation, the dynamic peephole method without visual context, and the magic lens paradigm using external visual context. The joystick method is the familiar scrolling and panning of a virtual map keeping the device itself static. In the dynamic peephole method the device is moved and the map is fixed with respect to an external frame of reference, but no visual information is present outside the device's display. The magic lens method augments an external content with graphical overlays, hence providing visual context outside the device display. Here too motion of the device serves to steer navigation. We compare these methods in a study measuring user performance, motion patterns, and subjective preference via questionnaires. The study demonstrates the advantage of dynamic peephole and magic lens interaction over joystick interaction in terms of search time and degree of exploration of the search space.
Predicting the Response of FRP-Strengthened Reinforced-Concrete Flexural Members with Nonlinear Evolutive Analysis Models (2011)

To design efficient and economical strengthening solutions, the structural performance before and after the intervention must be accurately evaluated. In the case of statically indeterminate structures or when the structure has suffered damage or deterioration, linear elastic analysis methods are not adequate to obtain the residual capacity and the structural effects of the intervention because of the nonlinear response of the structure. In such cases, refined analytical models able to capture the structural nonlinear behavior, the effects of previous damage, and those produced by any intervention are required to design safe and economical strengthening solutions. In this paper, a nonlinear and time-dependent evolutive analysis model, previously developed by the authors, is applied to the prediction of the response of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)-strengthened concrete structures in flexure. The model can take into account the structural effects of changes in geometry, structural scheme, material properties, and applied loads that may occur along the structure service life, including those attributable to strengthening. A criterion to predict peeling failure in FRP-strengthened beams on the basis of nonlinear fracture mechanics consisting in evaluating the maximum shear force that can be transmitted to the concrete by the FRP laminate between cracks or at the laminate end is incorporated in the model. Two previous experimental programs have been used to validate the model. First, four RC continuous beams, three of them strengthened with FRP laminates and tested to study the influence of the FRP arrangement, are analyzed. Second, two beams previously precracked owing to service loads and strengthened with FRP are analyzed under increasing load up to failure. In all cases, very good agreement between the theoretical and the experimental results is obtained in terms of deflections, strains, reactions, internal forces, and failure mode, showing the capabilities of the model to evaluate the efficiency of proposed strengthening solutions.
Top-(R%, K) Spatiotemporal Event Sequence Mining (2017)

Spatiotemporal event sequences (STESs) are the ordered series of event types whose evolving region-based instances frequently follow each other in time and are located closeby. Previous studies on STES mining require significance and prevalence thresholds for the discovery, which is usually unknown to domain experts. As the quality of the discovered STESs is of great importance to the domain experts who use these algorithms, we introduce a novel class of STES mining algorithms to discover the most relevant STESs without significance and prevalence thresholds. Our algorithms discover the top-K most prevalent spatiotemporal event sequences from R% most significant follow relationships. In the experiments, we conducted a case study using solar event datasets, and compared the performance of the algorithms and the relevance of the discovered sequences.
Sparse tensor discriminative locality alignment for gait recognition (2016)

Gait recognition is a rising biometric technology which aims to distinguish people purely through the analysis of the way they walk, while the problem is that the dimensionality of the gait data is too high, so it is necessary to carry on dimensionality reduction task. Up to date, in the area of computer vision and pattern recognition, various dimensionality reduction algorithms have been employed for gait data, including the conventional vector representation based methods principal components analysis (PCA) and, locality preserving projection (LPP), and the recently proposed multi-linear subspace learning based approaches such as multilinear principal component analysis (MPCA). In this paper, inspired by the advantages of the tensor representation and manifold learning, we propose a novel sparse tensor discriminative locality alignment for human gait feature representation and dimensionality reduction algorithm, and subsequently apply the refined feature for gait recognition by a lazy classifier of the KNN. The proposed method adopts sparse multi-way projection based on the high-order version of discriminative locality alignment, by which the class separability is enhanced and the potential model overfitting is simultaneously avoided. Extensive experiments on the University of South Florida (USF) HumanID Gait Database show that the proposed method achieves better recognition rate compared with some existing classical dimensionality reduction algorithms.