gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A diagnostic to measure time-resolved atom column density and Doppler temperature in atomic vapors produced by laser ablation (2023)

We report on the development of a diagnostic to measure the time-resolved column density and Doppler temperature of atomic vapors produced by laser ablation. The diagnostic is based on the strong frequency dependence of the atomic susceptibility near an electronic transition in the interrogated atomic species. Interference on the face of a fast photodetector between the several frequency components present in a sinusoidally phase-modulated probe beam will produce a time signature uniquely determined by the column density of atoms in the probed atomic state and the Doppler temperature of the atomic vapor. With the extensive, high precision atomic spectroscopy data available in the literature, it is possible to model the vapor and extract the desired parameters through comparison of the model result with the experimental data.
1P170 Coordination States of E7- or F8-Tyrosine Residue and Quaternary Structure of Five Methemoglobin M Variants : A 244-nm Excited UVRR Study(5. Heme protein,Poster Session,Abstract,Meeting Program of EABS & BSJ 2006) (2006)

Development of anificial and safe biooti substitutes has been attracting much attention
Tachykinin neurokinin 3 receptor antagonists: a patent review (2005 – 2010) (2011)

Since the report of a beneficial effect of osanetant in schizophrenic patients, major pharmaceutical companies have been involved in this field, leading to a very large number of patent applications disclosed. Nevertheless, only three NK(3) selective antagonists entered into Phase II, but were then terminated for various reasons. Currently, the main challenge to move forward a selective NK(3) antagonist into the clinic would be to define a safety margin between the desired therapeutic effect and the effect on testosterone levels. The involvement of NKB-NK(3) signaling in reproduction in humans may also lead to new exciting indications, such as treatment for sex steroid-sensitive cancers of breast and prostate.
Selective, Nontoxic CB2 Cannabinoid o-Quinone with in Vivo Activity against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2015)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a subtype of breast cancer characterized by high aggressiveness. There is no current targeted therapy for these patients whose prognosis, as a group, is very poor. Here, we report the synthesis and evaluation of a potent antitumor agent in vivo for this type of breast cancer designed as a combination of quinone/cannabinoid pharmacophores. This new compound (10) has been selected from a series of chromenopyrazolediones with full selectivity for the nonpsychotropic CB2 cannabinoid receptor and with efficacy in inducing death of human TNBC cell lines. The dual concept quinone/cannabinoid was supported by the fact that compound 10 exerts antitumor effect by inducing cell apoptosis through activation of CB2 receptors and through oxidative stress. Notably, it did not show either cytotoxicity on noncancerous human mammary epithelial cells nor toxic effects in vivo, suggesting that it may be a new therapeutic tool for the management of TNBC.
Immersive 3D Media (2012)

20.1 Introduction 20.1.1 Related Projects and Events 20.1.2 Technology Drivers: Hypervideo Platforms, Semantic Web and LOD Initiative
Long-term safety and efficacy of vismodegib in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma: Final update (30-month) of the pivotal ERIVANCE BCC study. (2014)

9013 Background: BCC pathogenesis involves abnormal Hedgehog pathway (HP) signaling. In the ERIVANCE BCC trial, vismodegib (VISMO), the first FDA-approved HP inhibitor (HPI), showed objective response rates (ORRs) by independent review of 30% in metastatic (m) BCC and 43% in locally advanced (la) BCC, with median duration of response (DOR) of 7.6 mo for both. ORRs by investigator (INV) review were 45% (mBCC) and 60% (laBCC), with median DOR of 12.9 and 7.6 mo, respectively. Some patients (pts) continued VISMO treatment >3 yrs after start of therapy. We present safety and INV-assessed efficacy results 30 mo (30 May 2013) after primary analysis (26 Nov 2010). Methods: ERIVANCE BCC was a multicenter, international, nonrandomized study in pts (N=104) with radiographically measurable mBCC or laBCC (surgery inappropriate due to multiple recurrence, or substantial morbidity or deformity anticipated) receiving oral VISMO 150 mg daily until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Key secondary endpoints included INV-ORR, progression-free survival (PFS), DOR, overall survival (OS), and safety. Results: At data cutoff, 9 pts (9%) continued to undergo protocol-specified assessments and 69 pts (66%) were in survival follow-up. ORR (INV) was 48.5% (mBCC) and 60.3% (laBCC), comparable with primary analysis. Median DOR (INV) improved from 12.9 and 7.6 mo for mBCC and laBCC (primary analysis) to 14.8 and 26.2 mo, respectively. Median (95% CI) PFS was 9.3 (7.4-16.6) and 12.9 (10.2-28.0) mo in mBCC and laBCC, respectively; median OS for mBCC was 33.4 (18.1-not estimable) mo and not reached in laBCC. Adverse events (AEs) remained consistent with the primary analysis; >30% of pts reported muscle spasm, alopecia, dysgeusia, weight decrease, fatigue, and nausea. 23 (22.1%) pts reported AEs leading to treatment discontinuation. 17 deaths (mBCC=10; laBCC=7) have been reported since the primary analysis and were not considered drug related. 16 deaths occurred in survival follow-up; 1 pt died due to general deterioration of health. Conclusions: The 30-month ERIVANCE BCC update confirmed the efficacy of the primary analyses and showed long-term consistent safety of VISMO in pts with aBCC. Clinical trial information: NCT00833417.
3D MEMS in Standard Processes: Fabrication, Quality Assurance, and Novel Measurements Structures (1999)

Three-dimensional MEMS microsystems that are commercially fabricated require minimal post-processing and are easily integrated with CMOS signal processing electronics. Measurements to evaluate the fabrication process (such as cross-sectional imaging and device performance characterization) provide much needed feedback in terms of reliability and quality assurance. MEMS technology is bringing a new class of microscale measurements to fruition. The relatively small size of MEMS microsystems offers the potential for higher fidelity recordings compared to macrosize counterparts, as illustrated in the measurement of muscle cell forces.
How to build a timely computing base using real-time Linux (2002)

We recently introduced a new model to deal with the problem of handling application timeliness requirements in environments with loose real-time guarantees. This model, called the timely computing base (TCB), is partially synchronised. From an engineering point of view it requires systems to be constructed with a small control part, a TCB module, to protect vital resources with respect to timeliness and to provide basic time related services to applications. Although many different instantiations of systems with a TCB can be envisaged we have chosen to implement a TCB using PC hardware running the real-time Linux operating system over a fast Ethernet network. The paper describes the experience gained during the implementation process and shows that it is possible to construct a TCB without the need for special software or hardware components. The problem of achieving real-time communication under RT-Linux is also discussed: we describe the porting of a Linux network driver to RT-Linux, explaining the required modifications to allow predictability.
Solubilization of boron nitride nanotubes (2005)

A successful attempt in the functionalization and solubilization of boron nitride nanotubes is reported, and a functionalization mechanism based on interactions of amino functional groups with nanotube surface borons is proposed.
Stabilized fuel with silica support structure (1991)

This report describes a stabilized fuel which is supported by a silica support structure. The silica support structure provides a low density, high porosity vehicle for safely carrying hydrocarbon fuels. The silica support structure for hydrocarbon fuel does not produce toxic material residues on combustion which would pose environmentally sensitive disposal problems. The silica stabilized fuel composition is useful as a low temperature, continuous burning fire starter for wood or charcoal.
ABUNDANCE OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA NEARSHORE ICHTHYOPLANKTON: 1978-1 984 (1986)

More than 150 ichthyoplankton taxa were collected in the nearshore zone of the Southern California Bight between 1978 and 1984. Aspects of the abundance patterns of six taxa of sport and commercial value in the nearshore zone are presented: northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax), which constituted 67% of total larvae; white croaker (Genyonemus lineatus) , 6.6%; Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax), 5.9%; queenfish (Seriphus politus), 2.1 %; California halibut (Paralichthys californicus), 1 .O%; and sea basses (Paralabrax spp.), 0.6%. Greatest abundances of northern anchovy larvae occurred along the 75-m isobath, whereas larvae of the other fishes occurred chiefly from 36-m shoreward. Northern anchovy, white croaker, and California halibut spawned all year, but most intensely in late winter and spring. Queenfish spawned mainly in spring and summer, Pacific sardine chiefly in late summer and fall, and sea basses of the genus Paralabrax only in summer. Abundance of sardine eggs and larvae increased by 2-3 orders of magnitude between 1980 and 1982.
An explainable artificial intelligence approach for predicting cardiovascular outcomes using electronic health records (2022)

Understanding the conditionally-dependent clinical variables that drive cardiovascular health outcomes is a major challenge for precision medicine. Here, we deploy a recently developed massively scalable comorbidity discovery method called Poisson Binomial based Comorbidity discovery (PBC), to analyze Electronic Health Records (EHRs) from the University of Utah and Primary Children's Hospital (over 1.6 million patients and 77 million visits) for comorbid diagnoses, procedures, and medications. Using explainable Artificial Intelligence (AI) methodologies, we then tease apart the intertwined, conditionally-dependent impacts of comorbid conditions and demography upon cardiovascular health, focusing on the key areas of heart transplant, sinoatrial node dysfunction and various forms of congenital heart disease. The resulting <i>multimorbidity networks</i> make possible wide-ranging explorations of the comorbid and demographic landscapes surrounding these cardiovascular outcomes, and can be distributed as web-based tools for further community-based outcomes research. The ability to transform enormous collections of EHRs into compact, portable tools devoid of Protected Health Information solves many of the legal, technological, and data-scientific challenges associated with large-scale EHR analyses.
Development of User Interface for Humanoid Service Robot System (2005)

This study has been conducted by participating in the Humanoid Robotics Project (HRP) of the METI, which aims at developing applications of humanoid robots. We consider the humanoid robot is effective in applications that covers the services to human beings such as elderly care, patient care, since it presents affinity to people owing to its human-like figure and motions. In this study, our focus was a situation in which the robot is expected to support activities of people in a hospital with three kinds of possible system users who are a nurse, a patient and a family member in the remote site. Taking the capabilities of current humanoid robots into account, we designed the user interface of the system which satisfies the requirements of the each three users to operate the robot in the assumed situation. Furthermore, we confirmed the feasibility of the designed system through experimental examples by integrating the developed user interface with a humanoid robot as a total system.
Integrating engineering and economic analysis for conservation voltage reduction (2003)

This paper presents a new process, which combines and automates engineering and economic analysis of distribution systems to determine feasibility of conservation voltage reduction (CVR) system efficiency projects. Distribution system improvements are evaluated with the use of a new engineering analyses tools which use annual feeder load profiles; customer load characteristics; topological data provided by GIS, capacitors, and regulating equipment and controls. The results of these analyses provide an estimate of annual kWh savings and economic evaluation for each proposed system improvement. This new engineering tool includes an 8760-hour load flow simulation of distribution system operation including customer load characteristic, voltage regulating equipment; and line drop compensation and switched capacitor control modeling. Performance and economic analyses of proposed system improvements are calculated and reported. Distribution system voltage can be designed as low as possible within acceptable limits. Project feasibility comparisons can be made using economic and performance indices.
Sub-10 nm nanopantography (2015)

Nanopantography, a massively parallel nanopatterning method over large areas, was previously shown to be capable of printing 10 nm features in silicon, using an array of 1000 nm-diameter electrostatic lenses, fabricated on the substrate, to focus beamlets of a broad area ion beam on selected regions of the substrate. In the present study, using lens dimensional scaling optimized by computer simulation, and reduction in the ion beam image size and energy dispersion, the resolution of nanopantography was dramatically improved, allowing features as small as 3 nm to be etched into Si.
Synthesis of Potential Anticancer Agents. VI. Reactivity of 6-Bromo-s-triazolo [2, 3-a] pyrimidines. (1961)

5-Hydroxy-6-bromo-7-amino- and 5, 7-dihydroxy-6-bromo-s-triazolo [2, 3-a] pyrimidines (III and IV) reacted with piperidine or morpholine to form the corresponding 6-piperidino-(V and VII) or morpholino-(VI and VIII) derivatives. Reaction of (IV) with thiourea gave the 6-amidinothio derivative (IX), which was converted into disulfide compound (X) by the action of alkali. Reaction of (III) with thiourea gave the 5-hydroxy-7-amino derivative (XII) and this reaction in alkaline medium gave the sulfide compound (XIII).
POE Framework for Assessing User Connectivity of Intelligent Buildings (2012)

In the last decade, the focus of building research has slowly shifted from sustainable building to Intelligent Building (IB) and both concepts are expected to merge in order to cater to the growing requirement for a better, productive and efficient environment comprising of functionality; safety-security; thermal, acoustical, indoor air- quality, visual comfort and building integrity etc - without consuming excessive energy. Many of these requirements are indicators of user satisfaction falling under the realm of IB and were beyond the scope of the preceding era of sustainable building research. With time, definition of IB has changed from purely technical to more humane - driven by fast-paced information and communication technology or ICT. Today's IB is primarily user-oriented and its success factor relies on its active interaction with occupants or user-connectivity. Hence, IB demands systematic evaluation of its performance by its users. Unfortunately, such feedback is not very structured in case of IB which differs significantly from its traditional counterpart. As a result, Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) - a highly acknowledged evaluation tool used by occupants of conventional building has been implemented in many IBs with certain level of compromise. To bridge this knowledge gap, this research proposes the conceptual POE framework exclusively designed for IB. After considering intelligent attributes and their influence on user- connectivity, the framework is planned which is suitable for indicative level POE study for lighting system (representative of a traditional system) and access control system (representative of a smart system). It was noted that in the first case, traditional POE is insufficient and needs to incorporate the intelligent features. In the second case, there is a conflict of interests of user-connectivity and system performance. As more buildings are adopting IB environment and more designers are considering seriously the notion of feedback, the proposed model can be beneficial for a knowledge-based paradigm shift of the building industry.
A clinically viable approach to restoring visual function using optogenetic gene therapy (2023)

Optogenetic gene therapies offer a promising strategy for restoring vision to patients with retinal degenerative diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Several clinical trials have begun in this area using different vectors and optogenetic proteins (Clinical Identifiers: NCT02556736, NCT03326336, NCT04945772, and NCT04278131). Here we present preclinical efficacy and safety data for the NCT04278131 trial, which uses an AAV2 vector and Chronos as the optogenetic protein. Efficacy was assessed in mice in a dose-dependent manner using electroretinograms (ERGs). Safety was assessed in rats, nonhuman primates, and mice, using several tests, including immunohistochemical analyses and cell counts (rats), electroretinograms (nonhuman primates), and ocular toxicology assays (mice). The results showed that Chronos-expressing vectors were efficacious over a broad range of vector doses and stimulating light intensities, and were well tolerated: no test article-related findings were observed in the anatomical and electrophysiological assays performed. Optogenetic gene therapies offer a promising strategy for restoring vision to patients with retinal degenerative diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Several clinical trials have begun in this area using different vectors and optogenetic proteins (Clinical Identifiers: NCT02556736, NCT03326336, NCT04945772, and NCT04278131). Here we present preclinical efficacy and safety data for the NCT04278131 trial, which uses an AAV2 vector and Chronos as the optogenetic protein. Efficacy was assessed in mice in a dose-dependent manner using electroretinograms (ERGs). Safety was assessed in rats, nonhuman primates, and mice, using several tests, including immunohistochemical analyses and cell counts (rats), electroretinograms (nonhuman primates), and ocular toxicology assays (mice). The results showed that Chronos-expressing vectors were efficacious over a broad range of vector doses and stimulating light intensities, and were well tolerated: no test article-related findings were observed in the anatomical and electrophysiological assays performed.
Improved Imaging Using Ocean Bottom Seismic in the Snøhvit Field (2008)

The StatoilHydro-operated Snøhvit field is currently in the final preparatory stages of gas production. A thin oil column is present below the gas in the area. Poor seismic imaging in the western part of the field, due to shallow gas, has led to uncertainties in both seismic interpretation and hydrocarbon volume calculation. To reduce these uncertainties, ocean bottom cable seismic (OBC) data were acquired in late 2006. The OBC data were processed by CGGVeritas in 2007. A complex 4 component (4C) processing sequence was implemented along with extensive shear-wave statics work and imaging through anisotropic compressional (P reflected to P) and converted (P converted to S) wave pre-stack depth migrations (PSDM). The resulting PSDM OBC data images in the area beneath the shallow gas are significantly better than the images from streamer data. The PP images show that multi azimuth imaging, to a large extent, solves the illumination problems beneath the shallow gas. The PS images do not show signs of the high attenuation effects we see in the PP images. The combination of P and S velocity model building also allowed us to solve the shallow gas in the velocity model.
A Practical Code Rate Decision Scheme Based on Playable Bitrate Model for Error-Resilient Joint Source-Channel Coding (2011)

Joint source-channel coding (JSCC) is a method to jointly allocate the given total transmission bitrate to the source coding and channel coding to maximize the video quality at the receiving end. In this paper, we propose a practical model for efficiently determining a near-optimal code rate for JSCC in real-time video communications. The conventional code rate decision schemes using analytical source coding distortion model and channel-induced distortion model are usually complex, and typically employ the process of model parameter training which involves potentially high computational complexity and implementation cost. To avoid the complex modeling procedure, we introduce a very simple video quality model based on the playable bitrate which is defined as the total bit amount per unit time that is not affected by the channel loss during transmission including correctly recovered bits by the channel decoder. Because the video quality at the receiving end is clearly commensurate with the playable bitrate, we can easily determine the quality-oriented near-optimal code rate by finding the code rate that maximizes the playable bitrate at the sender side. The proposed playable bitrate model is very simple because it does not require the complex training procedure for obtaining model parameters, which is usually required in the conventional code rate decision method. It is shown by simulations that the proposed code rate decision scheme based on the playable bitrate model can efficiently determine the near-optimal code rate for JSCC in terms of high accuracy on the optimal code rate.
Solubility of commercial milk protein concentrates and milk protein isolates (2011)

High-protein milk protein concentrate (MPC) and milk protein isolate (MPI) powders may have lower solubility than low-protein MPC powders, but information is limited on MPC solubility. Our objectives in this study were to (1) characterize the solubility of commercially available powder types with differing protein contents such as MPC40, MPC80, and MPI obtained from various manufacturers (sources), and (2) determine if such differences could be associated with differences in mineral, protein composition, and conformational changes of the powders. To examine possible predictors of solubility as measured by percent suspension stability (%SS), mineral analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and quantitative protein analysis by HPLC was performed. After accounting for overall differences between powder types, %SS was found to be strongly associated with the calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and sodium content of the powders. The FTIR score plots were in agreement with %SS results. A principal component analysis of FTIR spectra clustered the highly soluble MPC40 separately from the rest of samples. Furthermore, 2 highly soluble MPI samples were clustered separately from the rest of the MPC80 and MPI samples. We found that the 900 to 1,200 cm⁻¹ region exhibited the highest discriminating power, with dominant bands at 1,173 and 968 cm⁻¹, associated with phosphate vibrations. The 2 highly soluble MPI powders were observed to have lower κ-casein and α-(S1)-casein contents and slightly higher whey protein contents than the other powders. The differences in the solubility of MPC and MPI were associated with a difference in mineral composition, which may be attributed to differences in processing conditions. Additional studies on the role of minerals composition on MPC80 solubility are warranted. Such a study would provide a greater understanding of factors associated with differences in solubility and can provide insight on methods to improve solubility of high-protein milk protein concentrates.