gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hashish. Importance of the phenolic hydroxyl group in tetrahydrocannabinols (1975)

Optically active delta-3- and delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinols (THC's), cannabidiol and racemic delta-9-cis-THC, and their corresponding analogs (1b yields 4b) in which the positions of the phenolic hydroxyl group and the n-C5 side chain have been interchanged are compared in selected pharmacological tests in mice. the results indicate that the phenolic hydroxyl group in the 1 position in THC's is very important for eliciting activity and that cannabidiol and delta-9-cis-THC possess weak CNS depressant properties.
Single-Layer MnO2 Nanosheets Suppressed Fluorescence of 7-Hydroxycoumarin: Mechanistic Study and Application for Sensitive Sensing of Ascorbic Acid in Vivo (2014)

In this study, we systematically investigate the mechanism of single-layer MnO2 nanosheets suppressing fluorescence of 7-hydroxycoumarin and, based on this, demonstrate a new fluorescent method for in vivo sensing of ascorbic acid (AA) in rat brain. The mechanism for the fluorescence suppression is attributed to a combination of inner filter effect (IFE) and static quenching effect (SQE), which is different from those reported for the traditional two-dimensional nanosheets, and Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) mechanism reported for MnO2 nanosheets. The combination of IFE and SQE leads to an exponential decay in fluorescence intensity of 7-hydroxycoumarin with increasing concentration of MnO2 nanosheets in solution. Such a property allows optimization of the concentration of MnO2 nanosheets in such a way that the addition of reductive analyte (e.g., AA) will to the greatest extent restore the MnO2 nanosheets-suppressed fluorescence of 7-hydroxycoumarin through the redox reaction between AA and MnO2 nanosheets. On the basis of this feature, we demonstrate a fluorescent method for in vivo sensing of AA in the cerebral systems with an improved sensitivity. Compared with the turn-on fluorescent method through first decreasing the fluorescence to the lowest level by adding concentrated MnO2 nanosheets, the method demonstrated here possesses a higher sensitivity, lower limit of detection, and wider linear range. Upon the use of ascorbate oxidase to achieve the selectivity for AA, the turn-on fluorescence method demonstrated here can be used for in vivo sensing of AA in a simple but reliable way.
A comparison of acridine orange and Feulgen cytochemistry of human tumor cell nuclei. (1978)

Specimens of cells derived from tumors of the human female genital tract plus normal cells as standards have been divided into aliquots and stained according to acridine orange or pararosanilin:Feulgen procedures. Acridine orange-stained cells were slit-scanned for 535 nm nuclear fluorescence; Feulgen-stained cells were comb-scanned for 580 nm nuclear absorbance. For each specimen examined, the tumor cell:normal cell ratio of mean nuclear fluorescence following acridine orange staining was greater than the tumor cell:normal cell ratio of mean nuclear absorbance following Feulgen staining. The tumor cell:normal cell ratio of mean nuclear fluorescence ranged from 2.3 for a nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma to 3.9 for a keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. The tumor cell:normal cell ratio of mean nuclear absorbance ranged from 1.4 for a mixed mesodermal sarcoma to 2.3 for a small cell squamous cell carcinoma. These results indicate that the elevated nuclear fluorescence intensity from acridine orange-stained tumor cells cannot be explained solely on the basis of elevated Feulgen:DNA content. An alternative hypothesis, consistent with these results, is that DNA is the principal binding substrate for intranuclear acridine orange and that the DNA of certain tumor cells is more accessible to acridine orange than is the DNA of normal cells.
Surface Doping of Conjugated Polymers by Graphene Oxide and Its Application for Organic Electronic Devices (2011)

Surface doping of conjugated polymers is realized by depositing a thin layer of graphene oxide (GO) on top of the polymers. The high proton density and the unique 2D structure of GO facilitate the protonic surface doping of conjugated polymers to achieve high conductivities. This finding represents a new strategy for improving charge transport across the metal/conjugated polymer interface to achieve much improved performance in organic solar cells.
AN ELECTRIFIED CATHETER TO RESIST ENCRUSTATION BY PROTEUS MIRABILIS BIOFILM (2005)

Electrified catheters released ions in urine that have the oligodynamic property of inhibiting bacterial growth. The application of electric current to catheters fitted with silver electrodes significantly decreased the rate at which these devices became encrusted by P. mirabilis. This principle could be used to prevent encrustation on long-term catheters.
Sistema gastro-toráxico para estimulación ventricular (1995)

In English:The conventional procedure for clinical practice electrophysiology study (EPS), involves the use of both transvenous catheterization and fluoroscopy x-rays. The gastro-thoracic electrophysiology (EGT) provides a viable non-invasive EEF's performing fluoroscopy without resorting alternative and, consequently, with fewer restrictions in the clinical environment. This article describes the first gastro-thoracic able to perform the test pacemaker system according to the protocol Wellens provocation to induce ventricular tachycardia with a good degree of success. The results presented for 12 patients, comparing catheterization and EGT, showing 6 patients were induced, 4 not induced, a false positive and a false negative.In Spanish:El procedimiento clinico convencional para la practica de un estudio electrofisiologico (EEF), involucra el uso tanto de cateterizacion transvenosa como de la fluoroscopia de rayos-x. La electrofisiologia gastro-toraxica (EGT), provee una alternativa no-invasiva viable para la realizacion de EEF’s sin el recurso de fluoroscopia y, consecuentemente, con menos restricciones en el medio clinico. Este articulo describe el primer sistema marcapaso gastro-toraxico capaz de efectuar la prueba, segun el protocolo de provocacion de Wellens, para inducir taquicardia ventricular con un buen grado de exito. Los resultados presentados, para 12 pacientes, comparando cateterizacion y EGT, muestran 6 pacientes que fueron inducidos, 4 no inducidos, un falso positivo y un falso negativo.
quart‐Feproline: Synthesis of a Very Rigid [3]Ferrocenophane‐Derived Artificial Amino Acid (2008)

Abstract Starting from the α‐(dimethylamino)[3]ferrocenophane derivative 1 , a short reaction sequence was developed to form a doubly anellated dihydropyrrole derivative 6 containing the ferrocenophane framework. Intermediate 6 was used for the synthesis of the ( R , S,pS )‐enantiomer of the rigid artificial amino acid “ quart ‐Feproline”. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Systematic review of prehospital haemostatic dressings (2019)

Introduction Haemorrhage is one of the leading causes of battlefield and prehospital death. Haemostatic dressings are an effective method of limiting the extent of bleeding and are used by military forces extensively. A systematic review was conducted with the aim of collating the evidence on current haemostatic products and to assess whether one product was more effective than others. Methods A systematic search and assessment of the literature was conducted using 13 health research databases including MEDLINE and CINAHL, and a grey literature search. Two assessors independently screened the studies for eligibility and quality. English language studies using current-generation haemostatic dressings were included. Surgical studies, studies that did not include survival, initial haemostasis or rebleeding and those investigating products without prehospital potential were excluded. Results 232 studies were initially found and, after applying exclusion criteria, 42 were included in the review. These studies included 31 animal studies and 11 clinical studies. The outcomes assessed were subject survival, initial haemostasis and rebleeding. A number of products were shown to be effective in stopping haemorrhage, with Celox, QuikClot Combat Gauze and HemCon being the most commonly used, and with no demonstrable difference in effectiveness. Conclusions There was a lack of high-quality clinical evidence with the majority of studies being conducted using a swine haemorrhage model. Iterations of three haemostatic dressings, Celox, HemCon and QuikClot, dominated the studies, probably because of their use by international military forces and all were shown to be effective in the arrest of haemorrhage.
Determination of Free Silicon in Sintered Silicon Nitride by Laser Raman Spectrometry (1989)

The method for determining free silicon in sintered Si3N4 by laser Raman spectrometry has been studied. In this study, it was found that the amount of free silicon can be determined from the Raman peak intensity ratio I. 521cm-1/I. 206cm-1, in which the peak of 521cm-1 is assigned to free silicon and that of 206cm-1, to skeleton vibration of β-Si3N4. The results obtained by using this method are as follows:(1) The increase in sintering temperature and time tends to increase the amount of free silicon.(2) The variation of free silicon content at the surface part from place to place is greater than that at the inside part.This method makes it possible to measure the amount of free silicon in β-Si3N4 easily, and possibly gives instructive information such as the condition for avoiding precipitation of free silicon.
In vitro-Untersuchungen von Hämatoporphyrin-Platin(II)-Komplexen - eine neue Klasse von selektiven Photosensibilisatoren mit intrinsischer Zytotoxizität (2003)

Als neuer Ansatz zur Behandlung von Karzinomen sollen bei Porphyrin-Platin(II)-Komplexen der zytostatische Effekt des Cisplatins mit der photodynamischen Aktivität des Hämatoporphyrins in einer Substanz kombiniert werden. 4 Hämatoporphyrin-Platin(II)-Komplexe wurden hinsichtlich Dunkeltoxizität, Phototoxizität, zelluläre Aufnahme, intrazelluläre Lokalisation und Verhalten in 3-D-Zellaggregaten untersucht. Dazu wurden die J82-Zelllinie, ein Modell eines gering differenzierten invasiven Urothelkarzinoms, und die UROtsa-Zelllinie, normale urotheliale Zellen, verwendet. Im Chemosensitivitätstest zeigte der wasserlösliche Porphyrin-Platin(II)-Komplex, Diammin{7,12-bis-[1-(polyethylenglykol-750-monomethylether-1-yl)ethyl]-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-por-phy-rin-2,18-dipropionato}platin(II), einen synergistischen Wirkeffekt im Vergleich zu den Referenzverbindungen Cisplatin, Hämatoporphyrin und einer Mischung aus beiden Verbindungen. Akkumulations-Experimente mit den Monolayer-Kulturen und den Sphäroiden zeigten, dass die Konzentration des wasserlöslichen Porphyrin-Platin(II)-Komplexes in den J82-Tumorzellen etwa 1.5-fach höher ist als in den UROtsa-Zellen. Im Vergleich zu Cisplatin ist die DNA der J82- und UROtsa-Zellen beim Porphyrin-Platin(II)-Komplex stärker platiniert, jedoch besteht kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen den beiden Zelllinien. Trotz der relativ hohen Molmasse war die Penetration des Porphyrin-Platin(II)-Komplexes nicht auf die äußeren Zelllagen der Sphäroide beschränkt. Der wasserlösliche Porphyrin-Platin(II)-Komplex ist an Zellmembran wie auch an Plasmamembranen, unter anderem an Lysosomen, Mitochondrien und dem Golgi-Apparat, gebunden. Somit ist der Komplex an zelluläre Strukturen assoziiert, die essentiell für die Effektivität der photodynamischen Therapie sind. Zusammenfassend: Porphyrin-Platin(II)-Komplexe sind vielversprechende Kandidaten für eine neue Klasse von selektiven Photosensibilisatoren mit intrinsischer Zytotoxizität.
568. Quinoxaline N-oxides. Part II. Oxides of Py-substituted quinoxalines (1953)

J. K. Lanquist and G. J. Stacey, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 2822 DOI: 10.1039/JR9530002822
Survivability of Cloud Databases - Factors and Prediction (2018)

Public cloud database providers observe all sorts of different usage patterns and behaviors while operating their services. Service providers such as Microsoft try to understand and characterize these behaviors in order to improve the quality of their service, provide new features for customers, and/or increase the efficiency of the operations. While there are many types of patterns of behavior that are of interest to providers, such as query types, workload intensity, and temporal activity, in this paper, we focus on the lowest level of behavior -- how long do public cloud databases survive before being dropped? Given the large and diverse relational database population that Azure SQL DB has, we present a large-scale survivability study of our service and identify some factors that can demonstrably help predict the lifespan of cloud databases. The results of this study are being used to influence how Azure SQL DB operates in order to increase efficiency as well as improve customer experience.
On the Emergence and Spacing of Zinc Striations: I . Determination of Preferred Striation Frequency (1994)

Profiles normal to the flow direction were analyzed with Fourier transforms and autocorrelation to determine the preferred wavelength of striated zinc electrodeposits formed in flowing acid electrolytes. Striation frequency increases with current density to a minimum separation between striae of approximately 150 μm. At higher current densities, independent of substrate, striae meld and form a smoother nodular deposit. At a given current density, emerging striae possess a higher frequency when deposition occurs on substrates with high growth‐center density. Independent control of growth‐center spacing by the use of micropatterned electrodes equipped with artificial micron‐size hemispherical protrusions triggers the emergence of thin striae earlier and extends the current density range over which they occur. A causal relationship between the density of growth centers and striation emergence is demonstrated.
Fine-grained image recognition via weakly supervised click data guided bilinear CNN model (2017)

Bilinear convolutional neural networks (BCNN) model, the state-of-the-art in fine-grained image recognition, fails in distinguishing the categories with subtle visual differences. We design a novel BCNN model guided by user click data (C-BCNN) to improve the performance via capturing both the visual and semantical content in images. Specially, to deal with the heavy noise in large-scale click data, we propose a weakly supervised learning approach to learn the C-BCNN, namely W-C-BCNN. It can automatically weight the training images based on their reliability. Extensive experiments are conducted on the public Clickture-Dog dataset. It shows that: (1) integrating CNN with click feature largely improves the performance; (2) both the click data and visual consistency can help to model image reliability. Moreover, the method can be easily customized to medical image recognition. Our model performs much better than conventional BCNN models on both the Clickture-Dog and medical image dataset.
Assessing the Band Structure of CuInS2 Nanocrystals and Their Bonding with the Capping Ligand (2015)

CuInS2 (CIS) nanocrystals (NCs) prepared optimally via a one-pot solvothermal method exhibit a high absorption coefficient and an ideal band gap for solar cell light-absorbing materials. We find that the initial Cu/In ratio in the synthesis determines the final composition of CIS, and this further dictates the photoelectrochemical performance of the CIS NC films. X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy excludes the presence of a secondary phase and suggests a difference in surface band bending and in ligand–CIS interaction. These findings will aid in optimizing the design of CIS NC films to achieve the highest possible photovoltaic efficiency.
Enhanced Intrinsic Skin Aging in Nephropathic Cystinosis Assessed by High-Definition Optical Coherence Tomography (2019)

SCOPUS: ar.j
The greening of peptide synthesis (2017)

Both couplings and deprotections for solution- and solid-phase peptide synthesis can be carried out in the polar aprotic solvent propylene carbonate.
Texture Wear Analysis in Textile Floor Coverings by Using Depth Information (2010)

Considerable industrial and academic interest is addressed to automate the quality inspection of textile floor coverings, mostly using intensity images. Recently, the use of depth information has been explored to better capture the 3D structure of the surface. In this paper, we present a comparison of features extracted from three texture analysis techniques. The evaluation is based on how well the algorithms allow a good linear ranking and a good discriminance of consecutive wear labels. The results show that the use of Local Binary Patterns techniques result in a better ranking of the wear labels as well as in a higher amount of discrimination between features related to consecutive degrees of wear.
Broadband Metallic Fiber-to-Chip Couplers and a Low-Complexity Integrated Plasmonic Platform (2021)

We present a plasmonic platform featuring efficient, broadband metallic fiber-to-chip couplers that directly interface plasmonic slot waveguides, such as compact and high-speed electro-optic modulators. The metallic gratings exhibit an experimental fiber-to-slot coupling efficiency of -2.7 dB with -1.4 dB in simulations with the same coupling principle. Further, they offer a huge spectral window with a 3 dB passband of 350 nm. The technology relies on a vertically arranged layer stack, metal-insulator-metal waveguides, and fiber-to-slot couplers and is formed in only one lithography step with a minimum feature size of 250 nm. As an application example, we fabricate new modulator devices with an electro-optic organic material in the slot waveguide and reach 50 and 100 Gbit/s data modulation in the O- and C-bands within the same device. The devices' broad spectral bandwidth and their relaxed fabrication may render them suitable for experiments and applications in the scope of sensing, nonlinear optics, or telecommunications.
Decoupling neurocognitive and technical performance in sleep deprived surgical residents through longitudinal analyses of cortical brain function: Advancing our understanding of compensation to acute fatigue (2010)

Leff, Daniel R. MBBS MRCS Eng PhD; Orihuela-Espina, Felipe PhD; Athanasiou, Thanos FETCS, PhD; Karimyan, Vahe MD; Elwell, Clare E. PhD; Yang, Guang-Zhong PhD; Darzi, Ara W. FRCS, FACS, MD, MedSci Author Information
Multi-objective Robust Model Predictive Control: Trajectory Tracking Problem Through LMI Formulation (2007)

This paper proposed a novel LMI based robust multi-objective model predictive control technique. Such technique can be used to solve a trajectory tracking problem. The system is supposed to have polytopic uncertainty and subjected to asymmetric input constraints. With the proposed approach, we can guarantee the closed-loop stability and zero steady state tracking error. Finally, a canonical numerical example is used to illustrate the effectiveness.
Breast density as a predictor of breast cancer risk (2010)

Purpose To validate the predictive power for determining breast cancer risk of an automated breast density measurement system with full-fi eld digital mammography (FFDM). Materials and methods Two hundred cancers and 200 controls were imaged with FFDM. Density was measured separately on MLO and CC images using an integral automated volumetric breast density measurement system (Hologic, Quantra). For each cancer, the contralateral mammogram was used. Each cancer was matched to a control case by date of birth, age at examination and laterality of mammogram used for density determination. Breast density (percentage of fi broglandular tissue) was analyzed by Quantra. Data were analyzed by conditional logistic regression to determine the eff ect on breast cancer risk.
Adipokine expression in brown and white adipocytes in response to hypoxia. (2012)

WA and BA are sensitive to hypoxia, in which HIF-1α expression is induced. Protein expression of adiponectin is hypoxia-dependent, whereas AGT, VEGF, leptin, and UCP-1 expression do not change secondary to hypoxia.
IMPROVED BACTERIAL CLEARANCE AND DECREASED MORTALITY CAN BE INDUCED BY LPS TOLERANCE AND IS NOT DEPENDENT UPON IFN-γ (2007)

Endotoxin (LPS) tolerance is induced by exposure to sublethal doses of LPS, resulting in a suppressed proinflammatory response and an improved survival rate after challenge with a normally lethal dose of LPS. We studied the effects of tolerance induced by either Escherichia coli-derived LPS or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived LPS on the innate immune response to a subsequent P. aeruginosa bacterial challenge and determined if the induction of tolerance was dependent on interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) activity. LPS tolerance was induced in wild-type (WT) and IFN-gamma knockout mice by i.p. injection of 1 microg of LPS on 2 consecutive days. Mice were challenged with an i.p. injection of live P. aeruginosa (1 x 10(8) colony-forming units) 2 days after the second LPS dose. LPS tolerance in WT mice was associated with diminished serum IFN-gamma and IL-12 and increased serum IL-10 responses to the Pseudomonas challenge. Both clearance of the bacterial challenge and survival were improved in WT animals pretreated with either E. coli LPS or P. aeruginosa LPS compared with saline-pretreated control mice. Similarly, IFN-gamma knockout mice exposed to LPS before the Pseudomonas challenge also had improved bacterial clearance of the challenge and an improved survival rate. In separate experiments, priming with IFN-gamma at a dose that approximated the serum concentration induced by LPS priming did not alter cytokine production or bacterial clearance after a Pseudomonas challenge. Finally, administration of IFN-gamma at the time of Pseudomonas challenge amplified cytokine production in LPS-tolerant animals but did not affect bacterial clearance. These results suggest that IFN-gamma is not necessary for the induction of LPS tolerance. Furthermore, IFN-gamma seems to play a role in propagating the inflammatory cytokine response to Pseudomonas challenge, but it did not seem to have any role in bacterial clearance.
Enabling LIFDI-MS measurements of highly air sensitive organometallic compounds: a combined MS/glovebox technique (2021)

A new setup combining a ThermoFisher Exactive Plus Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer with a liquid injection field desorption ionization (LIFDI) source directly connected to an inert atmosphere glovebox is presented. The described setup allows for the analysis of very air- and moisture sensitive samples. Furthermore, the soft nature of LIFDI ionization gives access to the molecular ions of fragile molecules. This new setup is therefore especially useful for sensitive organometallic complexes. The functionality of the new setup is tested against [(Cp)2TiCl]˙, which is known for its notorious sensitivity to air and moisture. Its drastic colour change from green to orange upon exposure to air further supports the easy detection of traces of oxygen during the experiment. In addition, we applied this setup to the mass spectrometric analysis of the qualitative composition of a Cu/Al cluster mixture, which is not accessible by other analytical methods.
Competition between sub-bandgap linear detection and degenerate two-photon absorption in gallium arsenide photodiodes (2016)

This letter is on the response of gallium arsenide p-i-n diodes to sub-bandgap photons (1.55 μm). We investigate the various regimes of sub-bandgap operation by using different light sources delivering pulses ranging from nanosecond to microsecond durations. We evidence two regimes : a regime of degenerate two-photon absorption, with a clear quadratic dependence with respect to the incident flux, and a sub-bandgap, temperature dependant linear regime, that drives photocurrent generation at lower power densities. Both processes are associated to a very low quantum efficiency, around 10–8. We then determine absorption coefficients as well as trap densities, thanks to a model involving a photo-assisted Shockley Read Hall effect.