gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genre and game studies: Toward a critical approach to video game genres (2006)

This article examines the notion of genre in video games. The main argument is that the market-based categories of genre that have been developed in the context of video games obscure the new medium's crucial defining feature, by dividing them into categories (loosely) organized by their similarities to prior forms of mediation. The article explores the inherent tension between the conception of video games as a unified new media form, and the current fragmented genre-based approach that explicitly or implicitly concatenates video games with prior media forms. This tension reflects the current debate, within the fledgling discipline of Game Studies, between those who advocate narrative as the primary tool for understanding video games, “narratologists,” and those that oppose this notion, “ludologists.” In reference to this tension, the article argues that video game genres be examined in order to assess what kind of assumptions stem from the uncritical acceptance of genre as a descriptive category. Through a critical examination of the key game genres, this article will demonstrate how the clearly defined genre boundaries collapse to reveal structural similarities between the genres that exist within the current genre system, defined within the context of visual aesthetic or narrative structure. The inability of the current genre descriptions to locate and highlight these particular features suggests that to privilege the categories of the visual and narrative is a failure to understand the medium. The article concludes by suggesting that the tension between “ludology” and “narratology” can be more constructively engaged by conceptualizing video games as operating in the interplay between these two taxonomies of genre.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Paclitaxel Enhances Therapeutic Efficacy of the F8-IL2 Immunocytokine to EDA-Fibronectin–Positive Metastatic Human Melanoma Xenografts (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 133K&lt;/p&gt;
DNA vs. Mirror‐Image DNA: A Universal Approach to Tune the Absolute Configuration in DNA‐Based Asymmetric Catalysis (2013)

Spieglein, Spieglein an der Wand: Die einzigartigen Struktureigenschaften von L-DNA wurden genutzt, um die ersten Beispiele einer linkshelikalen enantioselektiven Induktion in der DNA-basierten asymmetrischen Katalyse zu realisieren. Dieser Ansatz ist der einzige, der in den untersuchten Reaktionen einen verlässlichen und vorhersagbaren Zugang zu beiden Enantiomeren ermöglicht.
Capabilities for spent fuel characterization at Argonne National Laboratory (1994)

While the density of artificial caries lesions increased for all treatments, the increases for the three glass-ionomer groups were significantly higher than that for the resin group in each 3-month period. As time increased, the amount of density also increased for the glass-ionomer groups, and significant differences were found between the remineralization effects of the glass-ionomer groups. The micro CT proved to be an effective evaluation method.
Toxic tubular injury in kidneys from Pkd1-deletion mice accelerates cystogenesis accompanied by dysregulated planar cell polarity and canonical Wnt signaling pathways (2009)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by large fluid-filled cysts and progressive deterioration of renal function necessitating renal replacement therapy. Previously, we generated a tamoxifen-inducible, kidney epithelium-specific Pkd1-deletion mouse model and showed that inactivation of the Pkd1 gene induces rapid cyst formation in developing kidneys and a slow onset of disease in adult mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that injury-induced tubular epithelial cell proliferation may accelerate cyst formation in the kidneys of adult Pkd1-deletion mice. Mice were treated with the nephrotoxicant 1,2-dichlorovinyl-cysteine (DCVC) after Pkd1-gene inactivation, which indeed accelerated cyst formation significantly. After the increased proliferation during tissue regeneration, proliferation decreased to basal levels in Pkd1-deletion mice just as in DCVC-treated controls. However, in severe cystic kidneys, 10-14 weeks after injury, proliferation increased again. This biphasic response suggests that unrestricted cell proliferation after injury is not the underlying mechanism for cyst formation. Aberrant planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling and increased canonical Wnt signaling are suggested to be involved in cyst formation. Indeed, we show here that in Pkd1 conditional deletion mice expression of the PCP component Four-jointed (Fjx1) is decreased while its expression is required during tissue regeneration. In addition, we show that altered centrosome position and the activation of canonical Wnt signaling are early effects of Pkd1-gene disruption. This suggests that additional stimuli or events are required to trigger the process of cyst formation. We propose that during tissue repair, the integrity of the newly formed Pkd1-deficient cells is modified rendering them susceptible to subsequent cyst formation.
Pilot study: effects of G-CSF on neutrophil ex-vivo function post bone marrow transplantation (2008)

The effects of human recombinant granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on neutrophil recovery have been studied in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation for haematological disease. Nine patients (five autografts and four allografts) were studied while receiving daily doses of G-CSF (range 2-20 micrograms/kg body weight) were compared to eight patients (four autografts and four allografts) who did not receive G-CSF as a control group. In both groups flow cytometry was used to determine neutrophil IgG Fc receptor (FcRII, FcRIII) expression. Phagocytosis and metabolic burst was assessed using IgG opsonized bacteria. The patients' neutrophils were studied prior to conditioning in autografts and donor cells were studied in allografts. Studies were repeated at neutrophil recovery (neutrophil count 1.0 x 10(9)/l) and ten days post recovery. At recovery FcRII expression was slightly increased in all groups, whereas the number of cells expressing FcRIII was reduced. This reduction was significant in the patients receiving rG-CSF at recovery and post recovery compared to the pretreatment levels. The ability to phagocytose bacteria in cells from patients receiving G-CSF was also reduced. The associated metabolic burst was significantly reduced in the autograft group but not the allograft group receiving rG-CSF. The reduced function and reduced expression of FCRIII suggests the presence of immature neutrophils in patients receiving rG-CSF post BMT.
Easing the Creation of Mappings between Metadata Formats (2012)

Being able to exchange metadata is the key to ensuring access to collections, establishing interoperability among collections, and between different types of cultural heritage institutions, such as across libraries, museums and audiovisual archives. Motivated by two use cases, one for audiovisual archives and one for museums and general archives, we present an approach for automating mapping between different metadata formats. The mapping approach uses an intermediate ontology and formalises the relations to each of the metadata formats supported. An intuitive web-based configuration user interface is provided in order to build and customise mappings. Based on the two use cases, we discuss two ways of applying the mapping approach: as a web service, which can be included in processes of an audiovisual archive's preservation system and integrating of the generated mapping instructions into collection management applications for museums and archives. The proposed approach reduces the effort for defining metadata conversions. It thus allows overcoming interoperability issues between cultural heritage institutions and facilitates content provision to portals like Europeana and Archives Portal Europe.
Magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) — a new immunomagnetic method for megakaryocytic cell isolation: Comparison of different separation techniques (1994)

Megakaryocytes are difficult to isolate because of their fragility, their tendency to aggregate, and their varying sizes. For purification of cells at different stages of maturation and of different sizes (ploidy classes) we developed an immunomagnetic cell sorting method (MACS) to enrich the whole spectrum of the megakaryocytic cell lineage. The use of small magnetic beads coupled to various antibodies and labelling with fluorescent antibodies allowed direct analysis of enrichment and evaluation of the isolated fraction without further staining or detachment procedures. CD 61 (Y2/51), a monoclonal antibody directed against platelet glycoprotein IIIa, was employed to perform the separation procedure. An enrichment up to 47% of CD 61-positive cells with an average of 37% and a recovery rate of 37% was obtained by using the MACS technique. Pre-enrichment by Percoll density centrifugation, followed by MACS separation, resulted in an enrichment of 65% and a recovery rate of 67%. The relative amount of small megakaryocytic cells in only MACS-enriched cell populations, however, was higher than in Percoll/MACS fractions. As a parameter of vitality we tested cytokine secretion of the enriched megakaryocytes in reverse haemolytic plaque assays. Secretion of IL-1, IL-6, GM-CSF, and PDGF with and without stimulation by phorbol myristate acetate was demonstrable at the single cell level.
Endoluminal Aortic Grafting with Renal and Superior Mesenteric Artery Incorporation by Graft Fenestration (2001)

This study has demonstrated the ability to successfully place a multifenestrated endoluminal graft in an aortic aneurysm using juxta- and suprarenal aortic segments to obtain a satisfactory seal. Stenting of the fenestration-renal ostium junction has helped to maintain renal patency.
Trace constituents in milk fat: Isolation and identification of oxofatty acids (1974)

Abstract Ca. 1% of the glycerides of milk fat contain oxofatty acids. The isolation, fractionation, and characterization of oxofatty acids were accomplished using the following sequence of steps: (A) transmethylation, (B) conversion into 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazones, (C) adsorption of the 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazones on magnesium oxide to eliminate the colorless lipid, (D) fractionation of the 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazones into non‐oxofatty acid and oxofatty acid fractions on alumina, (E) separation of the oxofatty acid 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazones into saturated and unsaturated classes by argentation column chromatography, (F) separation of these classes by chain length using liquid‐liquid column and thin layer partition chromatography, (G) resolution of positional isomers by thin layer chromatography, (H) regeneration of the positional isomer 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazones, and (I) analysis of the parent oxofatty acids by gas liquid chromatographymass spectrometry. In this manner, 36 saturated and 11 unsaturated oxofatty acids were identified tentatively or positively. The saturated oxofatty acids ranged in chain length from C 10 –C 24 , predominantly C 18 and C 16 , and generally contained an even number of carbon atoms. The unsaturated oxofatty acids ranged from C 14 –C 18 , with C 18 predominating.
PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT STUDIES IN A PROCESS INDUSTRY: A CASE STUDY N.S . NA RAHARI, K .N. SU BR AMAN YA , M.N. V I JAYA KUMAR , ANDV. PR A SH ANT (2015)

Productivity improvement strategies and competitiveness are key issues for enterprise development in any country. Organizations across the globe have an important role in underpinning this in their policy work and in providing services to their customers/clients. Productive enterprise development means that enterprises can create both new and additional jobs, which in turn is one of the most concrete and important contributions to national efforts on poverty reduction as per International Labor Organization (ILO). Many people think that the greater the production, the higher the productivity. This is not necessarily true. Production is concerned with the activity of production of goods and services (output), whereas productivity is concerned with the effective utilization of resources in producing goods and/or services (outcome). Outcome-based conscious improvement strategies assist the organizations in managing their resources effectively. If the organizations in a country are not productive enough to sustain their essential products and services, then the country has to depend on other countries for imports. The greater the dependency, the lesser is the political leverage, particularly in times of war and crisis. If the productivity game were played consistently well by each of the countries in the world, we would have lesser problems from inflation, fewer wages, exploitation, and employment. Countries that have a high growth rate and higher level of labor productivity tend to exhibit a higher standard of living. National economic power further depends upon the level and growth rate of its labor productivity. The factors that affect productivity are the investment of capital per worker, research and development, capacity utilization, government regulation, age of plant and equipment, energy cost, workforce mix, ethics, fear about job losses, and union influence.
[Molecular detection of circulating cancer cells in patients with renal cell carcinoma]. (1999)

We have developed a highly sensitive technique to detect circulating renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells in the blood using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers specific for the MN/CA9 gene. RT-PCR analysis of RCC specimens resulted in the clear detection of MN/CA9 mRNA signal in 93%. In contrast, no expression of MN/CA9 was observed in normal kidney specimens. Highly sensitive RT-PCR analysis of blood samples from RCC patients revealed the presence of circulating MN-positive cancer cells in the blood. Fifty samples obtained from the patients with RCC and 31 samples from healthy donors were investigated. The sensitivity and specificity of this RT-PCR analysis were 72% and 78%, respectively. These findings suggest that the MN antigen may be a potential diagnostic biomarker for early detection of RCC.
Pulse compression and traveling wave excitation scheme using a single dispersive element (1990)

A single dispersive element is shown to be sufficient for simultaneous pulse compression and tilting of the pulse front, and therefore well-suited for traveling-wave excitation of targets. It is shown that in all the previous arrangements used for traveling wave excitation, spatially dependent group velocity dispersion occurs along the target. A compensated arrangement is proposed that provides pulse compression at the target-plane and exact synchronism between the pump and the generated pulses for various targets.
Principles of antibiotic therapy. (2019)

The paper describes the basic sources and principles of antibiotic therapy in contemporary medicine in which the ability to treat bacterial infections may be lost. The main reason for that is the increasing resistance of bacterial pathogens to antibiotics. A possible solution is to implement a comprehensive program of antibiotic stewardship incorporating adequate consideration of indication and selection of antimicrobial agents including appropriate duration and way of administration. Another important component of the comprehensive approach to bacterial resistance and antibiotic therapy is adequately applied antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery.
Study of the mass spectrometric behaviour of phthalocyanine and azo dyes using electrospray ionisation and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation (2001)

Abstract The negative ion MALDI‐MS and ESI‐MS behaviour of sulphonated copper phthalocyanine dyes has shown the presence of both anionic and radical anionic species. Substituent groups such as sulphonates and linker arms, as are present in commercial dyes such as Remazol TB and Everzol TB, are found to be labile and the dyes undergo in‐source fragmentation in both MALDI‐MS and ESI‐MS. Ions corresponding to sodium salts can be formed. It appears that Cu is firmly bound in the phthalocyanine structure, unlike the corresponding Mg and Al chelates that can undergo demetallation. The application of ESI‐MS n confirmed that these labile groups can be fragmented from the dye molecules and, in addition, SO 2 losses are observed as for EI‐MS. Hydrolysed commercial azo dyes such as Remazol Black B (I) and Remazol Red RB (III) showed both singly and doubly charged molecular anion species as well as sodium salts using negative ion ESI‐MS, but did not desulphonate like the copper phthalocyanine dyes. The application of ESI‐MS n revealed fragmentation of the dye molecules with the loss of entities such as HOCH 2 CH 2 SO 2 C 6 H 4 N 2 (for both dyes) and SO 2 (for Remazol Black B). MALDI‐MS, ESI‐MS and ESI‐MS n can therefore be used for the characterisation of such dyes by exploiting these fragmentation processes, and some structural information can be obtained for the dyes whose structures are not in the public domain. Copyright© 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Structural studies of new macrolide antibiotics, shurimycins A and B. (1994)

The structures of new antibiotics, shurimycins A and B produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus A1491, were elucidated from the physico-chemical properties, 2D NMR techniques and chemical degradation experiments to be 36-membered macrolides related to azalomycins, scopafungin and guanidylfungins. Shurimycins were active against fungi and Gram-positive bacteria.
Microscale Chloride Sensor (2006)

Measurements of chloride concentration are important in a range of applications. We report here on our progress toward the fabrication and testing of small, inexpensive chloride sensors integrated with sensing electronics on a CMOS chip. We describe and demonstrate a process for formation of gold and silver chloride/ silver electrodes on a CMOS chip. Cyclic voltammetry is performed on chip-scale electrodes and the test results are discussed.
Mechanoreceptor Endings in Human Cervical Facet Joints (1994)

Twenty-one cervical facet capsules, taken from three normal human subjects, were examined to determine the type, density, and distribution of mechanoreceptive nerve endings in these tissues. Clearly identifiable mechanoreceptors were found in 17 of 21 specimens and were classified according to the scheme for encapsulated nerve endings established by Freeman and Wyke. Eleven Type I, 20 Type II, and 5 Type III receptors were identified, as well as a number of small, unencapsulated nerve endings. Type I receptors were small globular structures measuring 25-50 microns in diameter. Type II receptors varied in size and contour, but were characterized by their oblong shape and broad, lamellated capsule. Type III receptors were relatively large oblong structures with an amorphous capsule, within which a reticular meshwork of fine neurites was embedded. Free (nociceptive) nerve endings were found in subsynovial loose areolar and dense capsular tissues. The presence of mechanoreceptive and nociceptive nerve endings in cervical facet capsules proves that these tissues are monitored by the central nervous system and implies that neural input from the facets is important to proprioception and pain sensation in the cervical spine. Previous studies have suggested that protection muscular reflexes modulated by these types of mechanoreceptors are important in preventing joint instability and degeneration. It is suggested that the surgeon take steps to avoid inadvertently damaging these tissues when exposing the cervical spine.
Photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2)Aaron WoldCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 3, 280–283Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00027a008https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00027a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6833Altmetric-Citations529LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Three-dimensional reconstruction of coronary arterial tree based on biplane angiograms</title> (1996)

A method has been developed for in-room computer reconstruction of the three-dimensional (3-D) coronary arterial tree from routine biplane angiograms acquired at arbitrary angles and without using calibration objects. The proposed method consists of four major steps: (1) segmentation of vessel centerlines and bifurcation points and measurement of vessel diameters in coronary angiograms, (2) determination of biplane imaging parameters in terms of a rotation matrix R and a translation vector t based on the identified bifurcation points, (3) recovery of 3-D coronary arterial tree based on the calculated biplane imaging parameters, correspondences of vessel centerlines, and diameters, and (4) rendering of reconstructed 3-D coronary tree and estimation of optimal view of selected arterial segments. Angiograms from fifteen patients were utilized for 3-D reconstruction for each patient's coronary arterial tree. The biplane imaging geometry was first determined without a calibration object, and the 3-D coronary arterial trees were reconstructed including both left and right coronary artery systems. Various 2-D projection images of the reconstructed 3-D coronary arterial tree were generated and compared to other viewing angles obtained in the actual patient study. Similarity between the real and reconstructed arterial structures was excellent. The accuracy of this method was evaluated by using a computer-simulated coronary arterial tree. Root-mean-square (RMS) errors in the 3-D position and 3-D configuration of vessel centerlines and in the angles defining the R matrix and $t vector were 1.2 - 5.5 mm, 0.3 - 2.0 mm, and less than 1.5 and 2.0 degrees, respectively, when using 2-D vessel centerlines with RMS normally distributed errors varying from 0.7 - 4.2 pixels (0.25 - 1.26 mm).
Reaction of nitrocefin with two serines of Pseudomonas aeruginosa penicillin-binding-protein 3 (2022)

Abstract Despite their clinical importance, the mechanisms by which β-lactams inhibit penicillin-binding-proteins (PBPs) are not fully defined. X-ray crystallographic and mass spectrometric data studies of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa PBP3 active site variant (Tyr409Ala) reveal evidence for the in vitro acylation of P. aeruginosa PBP3 by reaction of nitrocefin with both Ser294 and Ser349. The results reveal a potentially novel binding mode for β-lactams with PBPs and will inform the design of new PBP inhibitors.