gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electron-exciton interactions in the exciton-polaron problem (2021)

Recently, it has been demonstrated that the absorption of moderately doped two-dimensional semiconductors can be described in terms of exciton polarons. In this scenario, attractive and repulsive polaron branches are formed due to interactions between a photoexcited exciton and a Fermi sea of excess charge carriers. These interactions have previously been treated in a phenomenological manner. Here, we present a microscopic derivation of the electron-exciton interactions which utilizes a mixture of variational and perturbative approaches. We find that the interactions feature classical charge-dipole behavior in the long-range limit, and that they are only weakly modified for moderate doping. We apply our theory to the absorption properties and show that the dependence on doping is well captured by a model with a phenomenological contact potential.
Effect of a Histamine Releaser on Steroid Induced Ulcers (1962)

Administration of polymyxin B releases chiefly histamine from tissues. When rats are depleted of histamine by increasing doses of polymyxin B, the ulcerogenic property of prednisolone is unimpaired. This seems to rule out mediation of histamine in the pathogenesis of steroid induced ulcers, at least in the rat.
Endo-β-mannosidase, a Plant Enzyme Acting on N-Glycan (2004)

Endo-beta-mannosidase is a novel endoglycosidase that hydrolyzes the Manbeta1-4GlcNAc linkage in the trimannosyl core structure of N-glycans. This enzyme was partially purified and characterized in a previous report (Sasaki, A., Yamagishi, M., Mega, T., Norioka, S., Natsuka, S., and Hase, S. (1999) J. Biochem. 125, 363-367). Here we report the purification and molecular cloning of endo-beta-mannosidase. The enzyme purified from lily flowers gave a single band on native-PAGE and three bands on SDS-PAGE with molecular masses of 42, 31, and 28 kDa. Amino acid sequence information from these three polypeptides allowed the cloning of a homologous gene, AtEBM, from Arabidopsis thaliana. AtEBM was engineered for expression in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant protein comprised a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of 112 kDa corresponding to the sum of molecular masses of three polypeptides of the lily enzyme. The recombinant protein hydrolyzed pyridylamino derivatives (PA) of Manalpha1-6Manbeta1-4Glc-NAcbeta1-4GlcNAc into Manalpha1-6Man and GlcNAcbeta1-4Glc-NAc-PA, showing that AtEBM is an endo-beta-mannosidase. AtEBM hydrolyzed Man(n)Manalpha1-6Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4GlcNAc-PA (n = 0-2) but not PA-sugar chains containing Manalpha1-3Manbeta or Xylosebeta1-2Manbeta as for the lily endo-beta-mannosidase. AtEBM belonged to the clan GH-A of glycosyl hydrolases. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments revealed that two glutamic acid residues (Glu-464 and Glu-549) conserved in this clan were critical for enzyme activity. The amino acid sequence of AtEBM has distinct differences from those of the bacterial, fungal, and animal exo-type beta-mannosidases. Indeed, AtEBM-like genes are only found in plants, indicating that endo-beta-mannosidase is a plant-specific enzyme. The role of this enzyme in the processing and/or degradation of N-glycan will be discussed.
Blindly Assess Image Quality in the Wild Guided by a Self-Adaptive Hyper Network (2020)

Blind image quality assessment (BIQA) for authentically distorted images has always been a challenging problem, since images captured in the wild include varies contents and diverse types of distortions. The vast majority of prior BIQA methods focus on how to predict synthetic image quality, but fail when applied to real-world distorted images. To deal with the challenge, we propose a self-adaptive hyper network architecture to blind assess image quality in the wild. We separate the IQA procedure into three stages including content understanding, perception rule learning and quality predicting. After extracting image semantics, perception rule is established adaptively by a hyper network, and then adopted by a quality prediction network. In our model, image quality can be estimated in a self-adaptive manner, thus generalizes well on diverse images captured in the wild. Experimental results verify that our approach not only outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on challenging authentic image databases but also achieves competing performances on synthetic image databases, though it is not explicitly designed for the synthetic task.
Cannabinoids Inhibit Testosterone Secretion by Mouse Testes in Vitro (1977)

Addition of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol or cannabinol to an incubation medium containing decapsulated mouse testes caused a significant reduction in the accumulation of testosterone in the medium. This result suggests that the reported effects of cannabis on male sexual and reproductive function may result from direct inhibition of testicular steroidogenesis by both psychoactive and nonpsychoactive constituents of marihuana.
Bradykinin stimulates alveolar macrophages to release neutrophil, monocyte, and eosinophil chemotactic activity (1996)

Bronchial asthma is accompanied with inflammatory cell infiltration in the airway. Because kinin activity was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from asthmatic patients, and because the concentrations of kallikrein and kinins in BALF increased after allergen challenge, we evaluated the potential that bradykinin (BK) might stimulate alveolar macrophages (AM) to release neutrophil, monocyte, and eosinophil chemotactic activity (NCA, MCA, and ECA). To test this hypothesis, bovine AM were isolated by bronchoalveolar lavage and cultured. The supernatant fluids of AM were tested for chemotactic activity by a blind well chamber technique. AM released NCA, MCA, and ECA in response to BK in a dose-and time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). The released activities were chemotactic by checkerboard analysis. Partial characterization and molecular sieve column chromatography revealed that these released activities were heterogeneous, suggesting predominant low-m.w. lipid soluble activity and weak high-m.w. peptide activity. Lipoxygenase inhibitors blocked the release of chemotactic activities (p < 0.01). The chemotactic activities were partly inhibited by leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonists (p < 0.05, respectively). Immunoreactive LTB4 significantly increased in supernatant fluids in response to BK (p < 0.05), but PAF was detected only two out of six samples stimulated by BK. The receptor responsible for the release of LTB4 involved both BKB1 and BKB2 receptors. These data suggest that BK may stimulate AM and play a role in bronchial inflammation by recruiting inflammatory cells into the airway.
58‐2: ELM: A Revolutionary New Smart Glass Technology (2022)

A revolutionary new smart window technology based on electrophoretic effect demonstrates unprecedented optical contrast transitioning from 0.2% to more than 70% transmittance while exhibiting fast switching performance. Adapted to already existing manufacturing display facilities, ELM (Electrophoretic Light Modulator) technology developed by eLstar Dynamics is highly scalable and based on known robust electrophoretic operation. ELM technology is exceptionally versatile and can be adapted to many product specifications and applications.
Combination of HIV-1 and Diabetes Enhances Blood Brain Barrier Injury via Effects on Brain Endothelium and Pericytes (2020)

Despite combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) achieving efficient HIV replication control, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to be highly prevalent in HIV-infected patients. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-known comorbidity of HAND in HIV-infected patients. Blood brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction has been linked recently to dementia development, specifically in DM patients. BBB injury exists both in HIV and DM, likely contributing to cognitive decline. However, its extent, exact cellular targets and mechanisms are largely unknown. In this report, we found a decrease in pericyte coverage and expression of tight junction proteins in human brain tissues from HIV patients with DM and evidence of HAND when compared to HIV-infected patients without DM or seronegative DM patients. Using our in vitro BBB models, we demonstrated diminution of barrier integrity, enhanced monocyte adhesion, changes in cytoskeleton and overexpression of adhesion molecules in primary human brain endothelial cells or human brain pericytes after exposure to HIV and DM-relevant stimuli. Our study demonstrates for the first-time evidence of impaired BBB function in HIV-DM patients and shows potential mechanisms leading to it in brain endothelium and pericytes that may result in poorer cognitive performance compared to individuals without HIV and DM.
An efficient approximation scheme for data mining tasks (2002)

We investigate the use of biased sampling according to the density of the dataset, to speed up the operation of general data mining tasks, such as clustering and outlier detection in large multidimensional datasets. In density biased sampling, the probability that a given point will be included in the sample depends on the local density of the dataset. We propose a general technique for density-biased sampling that can factor in user requirements to sample for properties of interest, and can be tuned for specific data mining tasks. This allows great flexibility and improved accuracy of the results over simple random sampling. We describe our approach in detail, we analytically evaluate it, and show how it can be optimized for approximate clustering and outlier detection. Finally we present a thorough experimental evaluation of the proposed method, applying density-biased sampling on real and synthetic data sets, and employing clustering and outlier detection algorithms, thus highlighting the utility of our approach.
RF and linear performance of commercial 200 mm trap-rich HR-SOI wafers for SoC applications (2013)

We present for the first time the RF and linear performance of commercial 200 mm trap-rich HR-SOI wafers. These wafers are fully compatible with the thermal budget of CMOS process. The investigated SOI wafers with a fixed BOX of 400 nm-thick show effective resistivity values higher than 4 kΩ-cm and harmonic distortion levels lower than −81 dBm for a 900 MHz input signal with +15 dBm, i.e. more than 95 dBc. Our investigations confirm the capability of trap-rich HR-SOI wafer for the integration of RF systems in Si.
3D metal printed Ku/Ka Band modified turnstile junction Orthomode Transducer (2016)

Orthomode Transducers (OMTs) are key components in dual-polarized satellite communication systems. Turnstile junction (TJ) OMTs are widely popular since their structural symmetry suppresses the undesired higher order modes, which degrade impedance matching and isolation of the OMT. Several works on TJ OMTs operating in single (or narrow) frequency band have been published. In contrast, this paper presents a modified TJ OMT designed for multiple frequency bands: Ku-Band (10.7 GHz-12.75 GHz), lower Ka-Band (19.5 GHz-20.5 GHz) and upper Ka-Band (29.2 GHz-30.2 GHz). Unlike ordinary TJ OMT, the modified OMT besides discriminating the orthogonal polarization signals, also acts as a frequency diplexer. The OMT was manufactured using cost-effective 3D metal printing. The simulated and measured S-parameters were evaluated in Ku, lower and upper Ka bands. The OMT functionality was verified through field test measurement.
Neodymium:YAG laser photocoagulation: a successful new map-guided technique for the intraoperative ablation of ventricular tachycardia. (1987)

Neodymium:YAG laser photocoagulation was used in the intraoperative treatment of drug-resistant ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 17 consecutive patients. The cause of VT was previous myocardial infarction in 15, sarcoid in one, and idiopathic in one patient. Electrophysiologic studies were performed preoperatively, before hospital discharge, and 8 to 12 weeks and 1 year after surgery. At surgery, laser photocoagulation was performed on the normothermic heart during VT. Surgical mortality was 11.7%. There was one late nonarrhythmic death 35 days postoperatively. There were 55 VT morphologies. Laser successfully abated 52 of 55. Associated use of cryoablation was required in two of 55. One VT in the patient with sarcoidosis was not successfully ablated but was controlled by procainamide. In the long-term survivors with VT due to myocardial infarction the surgical cure rate was 100%, i.e., no spontaneous or inducible VT. Follow-up ranges from 6 to 18 months (mean 11.8 +/- 4.3). Nd:YAG laser photocoagulation is an effective addition to the operative treatment strategies for VT.
Recent Developments in the Chemical Recycling of Flexible Polyurethanes* (1992)

After general consideration of the factors currently influencing recycling practice, the main physical and Chemical routes for recycling polyurethanes are briefly presented. A new process now under development to improve the glycolysis of flexible foams and elastomers is described. It is particularly suitable for recycling classified post-user materials, mainly from the automotive industry, back into simiiar applications. Glycolysis technology is thus brought closer to the point where a partially closed loop cycle can be realised.
Nanosegregation in arene-perfluoroarene π-systems for hybrid layered Dion–Jacobson perovskites (2022)

Layered hybrid perovskites are based on organic spacers separating hybrid perovskite slabs. We employ arene and perfluoroarene moieties based on 1,4-phenylenedimethylammonium (PDMA) and its perfluorinated analogue (F-PDMA) in the assembly of hybrid layered Dion-Jacobson perovskite phases. The resulting materials are investigated by X-ray diffraction, UV-vis absorption, photoluminescence, and solid-state NMR spectroscopy to demonstrate the formation of layered perovskite phases. Moreover, their behaviour was probed in humid environments to reveal nanoscale segregation of layered perovskite species based on PDMA and F-PDMA components, along with enhanced stabilities of perfluoroarene systems, which is relevant to their application.
An Organocatalytic Oxidative Coupling Strategy for the Direct Synthesis of Arylated Quaternary Stereogenic Centers (2007)

A broadly applicable oxidative coupling strategy of 3-substituted catechols and carbon-centered pro-nucleophiles for the construction of arylated quaternary stereogenic centers has been developed. Pivoting on a base-catalyzed addition of a carbon-centered acid to an in situ generated o-benzoquinone, the method is general and atom-economical and provides remarkably efficient access to one of the most challenging structural motifs. Furthermore, use of chiral bifunctional organocatalysts allows the process to be rendered asymmetric (up to 81% ee).
Patients with Right Frontal Lesions are Unable to Assess and Use Advice to Make Predictive Judgments (2004)

Frontal lobe damage impairs decision-making. Most studies have employed gambling and probabilistic tasks, which have an emotional (reward-punishment) component and found that patients with ventromedial sector lesions have exceptional difficulty performing normally on these tasks. We have recently presented an economic decision-making task to patients and normal volunteers that required them to not only forecast an economic outcome but also to weigh advice from four advisors about the possible outcome across 40 trials. We studied 20 patients with right frontal lobe lesions and 9 patients with parietal lobe lesions and compared their performance to 20 matched controls. Frontal lobe lesion patients were inconsistent at using advice and their forecasts were poor. Patients with dorsolateral but not orbito-frontal lesions showed some ability to assess advice. Patients with parietal lobe lesions were good at assessing advice but were slow at doing so; they were consistent but poor at using advice and their use of advice was unrelated to their forecasting. All three patient groups were overconfident in their own performance. In contrast, controls could both use and assess advice, their ability to use advice was mediated by their ability to assess it, and they were not overconfident. Group differences on an overall measure of accuracy on this task were associated with an ability to accurately plan. Differences in ability to assess and forecast were associated with planning and working memory performance. These findings indicate that patients with both right dorsolateral and orbito-frontal lesions may be impaired when required to make complex decisions related to forecasting and judgment. Our findings enlarge the scope of decision-making deficits seen in patients with frontal lobe lesions and indicate additional circumstances in which patients with frontal lobe lesions will have difficulty in deciding.
Deflagration Analysis of Aluminum Droplet Combustion (2012)

The evaporation and combustion of nanometric aluminum particles with an oxidizer MoO3 is analyzed. The analysis was performed to correlate individual Al particle gasification rates to macroscopic flame propagation rates observed in flame tube experiments. Examination of various characteristic times relevant to propagation of a deflagration reveals that particles below about 1.7 nm in diameter evaporate before appreciable chemical reactions occur. Experimental studies use Al particles greater than 1.7 nm in diameter such that a diffusion flame model was developed to better understand the combustion dynamics of multiphase Al particles. The results showed that it is unlikely that droplets will fully evaporate before reacting in the gas phase. A droplet evaporation and combustion model was further applied to quantify single droplet reaction velocities in comparison to the bulk flame propagation measurements observed in the literature. The diffusion flame model predicted orders of magnitude slower propagation rates than experimentally observed. These results imply that another reaction mechanism is responsible for promoting reaction propagation or modes other than diffusion play a more dominant role in flame propagation.
Demonstration of Time-Correlated Pulse Height-based Confirmation Measurements. (2017)

Abstract not provided.
Investigation of Reading Background Colour Based on Visual Fatigue (2013)

High whiteness of the paper, as well as inappropriate reading background color will produce a strong eye irritation, thus affecting the reading results. The paper studyed the relationship between the background color and visual fatigue, aimed to get a proper background color which can reduce visual fatigue. Experiment from three aspects to study: single color and visual fatigue relationship, the relationship between synthetic colors and visual fatigue, the relationship between paper whiteness and visual fatigue. Statistical analysis: single color is not appropriate as a long-length read background color; compared with the single-color samples, synthetic color helps relieve visual fatigue, and the most suitable background colors are tan and Moccasins color; the cultural paper with higher whiteness easily cause visual fatigue, so appropriatly reduce the whiteness helps relieve visual fatigue.
Investigation of Some Volatile Components of Seven Fresh Wild Mushrooms (Basidiomycetes) (1996)

ABSTRACT Twenty-five volatile compounds were identified by GC/MS from seven fresh wild mushrooms (Piptoporus betulinus, Oligoporus caesius, Amanita rubescens, Paxillus involutus, Suillus grevillei, Suillus luteus, Xerocomus subtomentosus—Basidiomycetes). The main volatile components were 1-octen-3-ol, 3-heptanone, limonene, (E)-2-heptenal, (E)-2-decenal, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate, farnesyl acetone, 3-octanol and 3-octanone. Geranyl acetone and 1,8-cineole were identified for the first time in mushrooms.
A high-frequency linear ultrasonic array utilizing an interdigitally bonded 2-2 piezo-composite (2011)

This paper describes the development of a high-frequency 256-element linear ultrasonic array utilizing an interdigitally bonded (IB) piezo-composite. Several IB composites were fabricated with different commercial and experimental piezoelectric ceramics and evaluated to determine a suitable formulation for use in high-frequency linear arrays. It was found that the fabricated fine-scale 2-2 IB composites outperformed 1-3 IB composites with identical pillar- and kerf-widths. This result was not expected and lead to the conclusion that dicing damage was likely the cause of the discrepancy. Ultimately, a 2-2 composite fabricated using a fine-grain piezoelectric ceramic was chosen for the array. The composite was manufactured using one IB operation in the azimuth direction to produce approximately 19-μm-wide pillars separated by 6-μm-wide kerfs. The array had a 50 μm (one wavelength in water) azimuth pitch, two matching layers, and 2 mm elevation length focused to 7.3 mm using a polymethylpentene (TPX) lens. The measured pulse-echo center frequency for a representative array element was 28 MHz and -6-dB bandwidth was 61%. The measured single-element transmit -6-dB directivity was estimated to be 50°. The measured insertion loss was 19 dB after compensating for the effects of attenuation and diffraction in the water bath. A fine-wire phantom was used to assess the lateral and axial resolution of the array when paired with a prototype system utilizing a 64-channel analog beamformer. The -6-dB lateral and axial resolutions were estimated to be 125 and 68 μm, respectively. An anechoic cyst phantom was also imaged to determine the minimum detectable spherical inclusion, and thus the 3-D resolution of the array and beamformer. The minimum anechoic cyst detected was approximately 300 μm in diameter.
Successful Treatment for Refractory Interstitial Lung Disease and Pneumomediastinum With Multidisciplinary Therapy Including Tofacitinib in a Patient With Anti-MDA5 Antibody-Positive Dermatomyositis (2019)

Kato, Manami MD; Ikeda, Kei MD, PhD; Kageyama, Takahiro MD, PhD; Kasuya, Tadamichi MD; Kumagai, Takashi MD; Furuya, Hiroki MD; Furuta, Shunsuke MD, PhD; Tamachi, Tomohiro MD, PhD; Suto, Akira MD, PhD; Suzuki, Kotaro MD, PhD; Nakajima, Hiroshi MD, PhD Author Information
Photoaffinity labelling of the phenylalkylamine receptor of the skeletal muscle transverse‐tubule calcium channel (1987)

The tritiated arylazido phenylalkylamine (-)-5-[(3-azidophenethyl)[N-methyl-3H]methylamino]-2-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-isopropylvaleronitrile was synthesized and used to photoaffinity label the phenylalkylamine receptor of the membrane-bound and purified calcium channel from guinea-pig skeletal muscle transverse-tubule membranes. The photoaffinity ligand binds reversibly to partially purified membranes with a Kd of 2.0 +/- 0.5 nM and a Bmax of 17.0 +/- 0.9 pmol/mg protein. Binding is stereospecifically regulated by all three classes of organic calcium channel drugs. A 155 kDa band was specifically photolabelled in transverse-tubule particulate and purified calcium channel preparations after ultraviolet irradiation. Additional minor labelled polypeptides (92, 60 and 33 kDa) were only observed in membranes. The heterogeneous 155 kDa region of the purified channel was resolved into two distinct silver-stained polypeptides after reduction (i.e. 155 and 135 kDa). Only the 155 kDa polypeptide carries the photoaffinity label and it is concluded that the 135 kDa polypeptide (which migrates as a 165 kDa band under alkylating conditions) is not a high-affinity drug receptor carrying subunit of the skeletal muscle transverse-tubule L-type calcium channel.