gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Variable block size video coding with motion prediction and motion segmentation</title> (1995)

In the paper we are concerned with the efficient coding of image sequences for video- conference applications. In such sequences, large image regions usually undergo a uniform translational motion. Consequently, to maximize the coding efficiency and quality, the codec should be able to segment and estimate multiple translational motions accurately and reliably. Following the above premise, we propose an algorithm which combines several known and new techniques. Firstly, a traditional variable block size motion compensation was used, but employing a novel robust motion estimation algorithm. The algorithm can estimate multiple motions to a sub-pixel accuracy and also provides a reliable motion segmentation. Whenever there exist multiple motions within a block, the motion boundary is recovered and approximated by a straight line. Also, an inter-block motion prediction is used to achieve a further improvement of the compression ratio. A comparison with the H.261 scheme shows that the proposed algorithm produces better results both in terms of PSNR and bit-rate. To judge the contribution of the motion segmentation to the overall performance, experiments have been carried out with a variant of the algorithm where only single motion within any block is allowed. This incapacitated variant emulates a commonly used approach for variable block size coding. The comparison of the proposed and incapacitated variants shows that the use of motion segmentation can lower the bit rate and deliver a better visual quality of the reconstructed image sequence.
Fast converging subband acoustic echo cancellation using RAP on the WE DSP16A (2002)

The application of row action projections (RAPs) to the problem of acoustic echo cancellation is discussed. It is shown how RAPs, a subset of projections onto convex sets (POCSs) and a generalization of LMS, can be used to further improve the tracking ability of subband acoustic echo canceller (SBAECs). In addition, the RAP algorithm has a useful complexity versus speed-of-convergence tradeoff. That is, RAP can use additional computational resources to speed convergence. This is used to dynamically allocate computational resources among the subband in such a way as to improve the perceptual performance of the SBAEC. The feasibility of this method is demonstrated by sizing it for AT&T's WE DSP16A digital signal processor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Ion Mobility Spectrometry (1993)

Chronicles the development of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) from its inception two decades ago to current applications and plans for the future. Fundamental aspects of atmospheric pressure ion processes and their chemical ionization effect on the response characteristics of IMS are analyzed. The theory and physics governing the motion of ions dri
Randomized Trial of Breast Self-Examination in Shanghai: Final Results (2002)

Intensive instruction in BSE did not reduce mortality from breast cancer. Programs to encourage BSE in the absence of mammography would be unlikely to reduce mortality from breast cancer. Women who choose to practice BSE should be informed that its efficacy is unproven and that it may increase their chances of having a benign breast biopsy.
Frailty, Immunosuppression Tolerance, and Outcomes in Kidney Transplant Recipients. (2014)

Background: MMF dose reduction or discontinuation predicts poor KT outcomes including rejection, graft loss and death. However, little is known about which patients are at risk of MMF intolerance. Frailty, a measure of physiologic reserve initially described and validated in geriatrics, is emerging as an important predictor in kidney transplantation (KT) recipients of all ages, including early hospital readmission, delayed graft function, graft loss and mortality. We hypothesized that frailty, given its association with an inflammatory phenotype, might also predict MMF immunosuppression tolerance. Methods: We measured frailty (shrinking, weakness, exhaustion, low activity, and slowed walking speed) in KT recipients at admission for KT. Frailty and MMF dose was available for 535 KT recipients. MMF intolerance (MMF dose reduction <2000 mg/day) was identified from electronic medical records. The risk of MMF intolerance by frailty status was quantified using Cox proportional hazards model that censored for death and adjusted for multiple recipient, donor, and transplant factors. Results: 46% of recipients were non-frail (0 or 1 component), 32% were intermediately frail (2 components), and 22% were frail at KT (3 or more components). The mean follow-up time was 1.5 years [IQR: 0.4-2.3 years] and 52.9% of recipients had an MMF reduction. Compared to those who were non-frail, intermediately or frail recipients were at 35% higher risk of MMF immunosuppression intolerance (adjusted hazard ratio 1.35, 95% CI: 1.06-1.71). The association of frailty and MMF immunosuppression intolerance did not differ by recipient age (P for interaction=0.8). Conclusion: Intermediately frail and frail KT recipients are at increased risk of MMF immunosuppression intolerance. It is possible that this intolerance partially explains why these recipients are at increased risk of poor KT outcomes such as graft loss and mortality. A better understanding of which patients might not tolerate MMF is helpful in planning alternate strategies to maintain adequate immunosuppression.
Fertigungsplanung mit einem integrierten featurebasierten System / Production planning with an integratedfeature- based system (1993)

Article Fertigungsplanung mit einem integrierten featurebasierten System / Production planning with an integratedfeature- based system was published on November 1, 1993 in the journal Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb (volume 88, issue 11).
London moment for heavy-fermion superconductors (1996)

Measurements of the London magnetic moment generated in rotating heavy-fermion supercon- ductors are presented. The magnitude of the London moment is found to be identical to that of conventional superconductor, as well as that of high-Tc superconductors, within the experimental resolution of 5%–10%.
PI3K(p110α) Protects Against Myocardial Infarction-Induced Heart Failure (2010)

Activation of PI3K(p110 alpha) protects the heart against MI-induced heart failure. Cardiac-selective targets that mediate the protective effects of PI3K(p110 alpha) represent new drug targets for heart failure.
Extracting principle components for discriminant analysis of FMRI images (2008)

This paper presents an approach for selecting optimal components for discriminant analysis. Such an approach is useful when further detailed analyses for discrimination or characterization requires dimensionality reduction. Our approach can accommodate a categorical variable such as diagnosis (e.g. schizophrenic patient or healthy control), or a continuous variable like severity of the disorder. This information is utilized as a reference for measuring a component's discriminant power after principle component decomposition. After sorting each component according to its discriminant power, we extract the best components for discriminant analysis. An application of our reference selection approach is shown using a functional magnetic resonance imaging data set in which the sample size is much less than the dimensionality. The results show that the reference selection approach provides an improved discriminant component set as compared to other approaches. Our approach is general and provides a solid foundation for further discrimination and classification studies.
Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaf as a waste by‐product of table olive and olive oil industry: a review (2017)

Research into finding new uses for by-products of table olive and olive oil industry are of great value not only to the economy but also to the environment where olives are grown and to the human health. Since leaves represent around 10% of the total weight of olives arriving at the mill, it is worth obtaining high added-value compounds from those materials for the preparation of dietary supplements, nutraceuticals, functional food ingredients or cosmeceuticals. In this review article, olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaf is reviewed as being a potential inexpensive, renewable and abundant source of biophenols. The importance of this agricultural and industrial waste is emphasised by means of describing its availability, nutritional and therapeutic effects and studies conducted on this field. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
The success story of Bt cotton in Burkina Faso : a role model for sustainable cotton production in other cotton-growing countries? (2016)

The West-African cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) industry has a huge economic potential.In particular, Benin, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, and Mali play an important role as exporter on the world market.Still, the cotton sector is also subject to a number of risks that can threaten the sustainability of the cotton production in West Africa.This chapter overviews the challenging pest problems and assesses how biotechnology and, more specifically, insect-resistant cotton (Bt cotton), overcome these problems.Introduction of Bt cotton in Burkina Faso and South Africa resulted in important benefits regarding yield, farmer income, pesticide use, and environmental and health impacts.When structural and institutional limitations are suppressed to realize its full potential, Bt cotton can clearly contribute both to the economic and environmental sustainability of the cotton production.
Fixed-slope near-lossless context-based image compression (2002)

This paper generalizes trellis based near-lossless image compression schemes, in order to satisfy two constraints: a local one, which enforces an upper bound /spl epsiv/ for the reconstruction error at every pixel, and a global one, which penalizes the quantity R+/spl lambda/D (the rate and distortion over each line of the image). By changing /spl lambda/ we obtain gradual changes from lossless coding (/spl lambda//spl infin/) to DPCM near-lossless coding (/spl lambda/=0), resulting in a distinct rate-distortion curve for each tolerance /spl epsiv/. We propose here a trellis-based fixed-slope near-lossless compression approach, that fits the adaptive context coding scheme ASBOSC introduced in 1997. The experimental results over a set of test images in near-lossless mode are better than the results obtained with other near-lossless techniques.
Study and Design Optimization of Multiharmonic Transmission-Line Load Networks for Class-E and Class-F $K$-Band MMIC Power Amplifiers (2007)

A design-oriented analysis of microwave transmission-line class-E and class-F amplifiers is presented in this paper. Multiharmonic transmission-line load networks are analyzed and compared in terms of harmonic suppression and their effects on output power and efficiency. Based on this study, a design of highly efficient monolithic-microwave integrated-circuit amplifiers has been carried out. To allow circuit optimization and to simplify the design process, analytic expressions were derived for the most practical multiharmonic transmission-line networks. Fabricated amplifiers achieve state-of-the-art efficiency of 56.2% and 59.0% for class-E and class-F operation at <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">K</i> -band for power levels of 19.1 and 20.0 dBm, respectively. Moreover, without the need for supplementary filtering sections, harmonic suppression for operation well into compression is better than -25 and -30 dBc for the transmission-line class-F and class-E amplifiers, respectively.
Physiochemical characteristics: A robust tool to overcome teeth heterogeneity on predicting laser ablation profile (2020)

To avoid excessive tissue removal and collateral damage, the high-power density laser is apt for dental surgery also need to have high precision. For high-precision dental surgery with minimal tissue damage, the present work frames a method to predict laser ablation profile based on surface morphology and chemical composition of dentin. The surface morphology and chemical composition were studied on different dentin samples using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX), respectively. The key laser ablation parameters (ω<sub>0</sub> , D<sub>eff</sub> , and F<sub>th</sub> ) were determined by laser irradiation study using 800 nm, Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser at processing condition of 100 fs, 10 kHz and 10 mm/s. The dentin samples show a strong linear correlation between physiochemical characteristics and laser ablation parameters. The surface morphology exhibits a negative linear correlation with threshold fluence, whereas the converse is true for chemical composition. The laser ablation parameters of a random dentin sample are derived from the knowledge of linearity data. From the obtained laser ablation parameters, the complete theoretical ablation profile is constructed and validated with experimental ablation profile. Even though the surface morphology of dentin shows high linearity, the concentration of Ca and P can be used as the most feasible probe in clinical settings. Furthermore, the laser ablation rate and ablation efficiency are predicted by the method to optimize the laser processing condition for any specific teeth. The versatility of the method overcomes the problem of heterogeneity on various teeth and simplifies the method of finding optimal laser processing condition for immaculate laser surgery.
Innovative multilayered nanofibers for wound dressing application (2012)

Chitosan is a natural polymer derived from the chitin of crustacean or mushroom shells, that intrinsically presents haemostatic, mucoadhesive, antimicrobial and immunostimulant properties. This polysaccharide has shown a great potential for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, on account of its remarkable compatibility with physiological medium. Besides, it is degraded in a physiological environment into non-toxic products, which make chitosan an outstanding candidate for short- to medium-term applications. In this respect, nanometric fibers are highly interesting as their assembly mimics the skin extracellular matrix structure. Such nanofibrous materials can be prepared by electrospinning (ESP). This technique uses a high voltage to create an electrically charged jet of polymer solution or melt which leads to fibers formation. Depending on the polymer characteristics (a.o. molecular weight, solution viscosity and conductivity) and processing conditions (electric potential, distance between syringe-capillary and collection plate, concentration, flow rate), polymer fibers ranging from nanometers to a few microns in diameter can be obtained and subsequently used as potential scaffolds, a.o. to form a temporary, artificial extracellular matrix. In the present study, electrospinning technique was combined with layer-by-layer deposition method (LBL) - a well-known method for surface coating, based on electrostatic interactions - in order to prepare multilayered chitosan-based nanofibers. The antibacterial properties of the obtained material were then assessed, and the presence of a multilayered deposit was confirmed by several techniques. (Future) possibilities for valorization: These multilayered chitosan-based nanofibers present great prospects for the preparation of new biomedical scaffolds - such as wound dressings that could improve skin regeneration.
A Novel Approach for Sugarcane Yield Prediction Using Landsat Time Series Imagery: A Case Study on Bundaberg Region (2016)

Quantifying sugarcane production is critical for a wide range of applications, including crop management and decision making processes such as harvesting, storage, and forward selling. This study explored a novel model for predicting sugarcane yield in Bundaberg region from time series Landsat data. From the freely available Landsat archive, 98 cloud free (st (2001-2015) were sourced for this study. The images were masked using the field boundary layer vector files of each year and the GNDVI was calculated. An analysis of average green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI) values from all sugarcane crops grown within the Bundaberg region over the 15 year period identified the beginning of April as the peak growth stage and, therefore, the optimum time for satellite image based yield forecasting. As the GNDVI is an indicator of crop vigor, the model derived maximum GNDVI was regressed against historical sugarcane yield data, which showed a significant correlation with R2 = 0.69 and RMSE = 4.2 t/ha. Results showed that the model derived maximum GNDVI from Landsat imagery would be a feasible and a modest technique to predict sugarcane yield in Bundaberg region.
Hippocampal Laminar Distribution of Tau Relates to Alzheimer's Disease and Age of Onset (2014)

Phospho-tau pathology, when prominent within both IML and OML, is associated with CERAD diagnosis of Definite AD and earlier age of onset in AD. Laminar patterns of tau deposition reflect regional involvements during disease course.
An improved readout topology of resistive sensor array for reduced measurement error (2015)

Readout circuit integrated with large scale sensors array is important for improving the effectiveness of data acquisition system. However to design such system, it will require a variety of additional components which contributes to the increment of power consumption. In this paper we proposed an improved method of readout topology for resistive sensor array to reduce the measurement error. A new equation is also proposed to obtain the resistance value. A simulation has been done on 8×8 matrix sensor array represented by 64 fixed resistors and 8 standard reference resistors. The results show that the optimum reference resistance is 510 Ω for the value range between 100 Ω and 100 kΩ, and the improved percentage error is kept to be lower than 5%.
Detecting fiducials affected by trombone delay in ARC and the main laser alignment at the National Ignition Facility (2015)

Four of the 192 beams of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are currently being diverted into the Advanced Radiographic Capability (ARC) system to generate a sequence of short (1-50 picoseconds) 1053 nm laser pulses. When focused onto high Z wires in vacuum, these pulses create high energy x-ray pulses capable of penetrating the dense, imploding fusion fuel plasma during ignition scale experiments. The transmitted x-rays imaged with x-ray diagnostics can create movie radiographs that are expected to provide unprecedented insight into the implosion dynamics. The resulting images will serve as a diagnostic for tuning the experimental parameters towards successful fusion reactions. Beam delays introduced into the ARC pulses via independent, free-space optical trombones create the desired x-ray image sequence, or movie. However, these beam delays cause optical distortion of various alignment fiducials viewed by alignment sensors in the NIF and ARC beamlines. This work describes how the position of circular alignment fiducials is estimated in the presence of distortion.
‘I know it has worked for millions of years’: the role of the ‘natural’ in parental reasoning against child immunization in a qualitative study in Switzerland (2015)

In the context of emerging trends towards natural lifestyles and ideas of holistic health in Switzerland and Europe, where many well-informed parents express concerns towards vaccinating their children, public vaccination strategies require reconsideration. Public immunization schedules need to acknowledge parents' wish for more flexibility and demand for an individualized patient-centered approach to immunization.
Surgical Treatment of Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures With Associated Femoral Neck Fractures Using a Sliding Hip Screw (2005)

We conclude that intertrochanteric hip fractures with associated femoral neck fractures should not be managed with a standard sliding hip screw.
Optimal Control of Autonomous Vehicles for Non-Stop Signalized Intersection Crossing (2018)

This paper is devoted to the development of an optimal acceleration/speed profile for autonomous vehicles in free flow mode approaching a traffic light without stopping. The design objective is to achieve both short travel time and low energy consumption as well as avoid idling at a red light. This is achieved by taking full advantage of the traffic light information based on infrastructure-to-vehicle communication. The direct adjoining approach is used to solve both free and fixed terminal time optimal control problems subject to state constraints. We show that we can derive a real-time online analytical solution, distinguishing our method from most existing approaches based on numerical calculations. Extensive simulations are executed to compare the performance of autonomous vehicles under the proposed speed profile and human driving vehicles. The results show quantitatively the advantages of the proposed algorithm in terms of energy consumption and travel time.
Studies on Benzodiazepinooxazoles. IV. The Formation of Quinolones by the Ring Contraction of a Benzo [6, 7]-1, 4-diazepino [5, 4-b]-oxazole Derivative (1973)

Treatment of 10-chloro-2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 11b-hexahydro-7-methyl-11b-phenylbenzo [6, 7]-1, 4-diazepino [5, 4-b] oxazol-6-one (IV) with sodium hydride in dimethyl acetamide gave the two compounds, 6-chloro-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-methyl-4-phenyl-2 (1H)-quinolone (V) and 6-chloro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-4-pherryl-2 (1H)-quinolone (VI). A mechanistic assumption for the formation of V was discussed.
Electrophile Signaling and Emerging Immuno- and Neuro-modulatory Electrophilic Pharmaceuticals (2020)

With a lipid-rich environment and elevated oxygen consumption, the central nervous system (CNS) is subject to intricate regulation by lipid-derived electrophiles (LDEs). Investigations into oxidative damage and chronic LDE generation in neural disorders have spurred the development of tools that can detect and catalog the gamut of LDE-adducted proteins. Despite these advances, deconstructing the precise consequences of individual protein-specific LDE modifications remained largely impossible until recently. In this perspective, we first overview emerging toolsets that can decode electrophile-signaling events in a protein/context-specific manner, and how the accumulating mechanistic insights brought about by these tools have begun to offer new means to modulate pathways relevant to multiple sclerosis (MS). By surveying the latest data surrounding the blockbuster MS drug dimethyl fumarate that functions through LDE-signaling-like mechanisms, we further provide a vision for how chemical biology tools probing electrophile signaling may be leveraged toward novel interventions in CNS disease.
Sheet electron beam confinement for rectangular cross-section Cerenkov amplifiers (1993)

Summary form only given, as follows. Analyses have been performed which predict that sheet electron beams confined by periodic cusped magnetic (PCM) focusing should be stable against low-frequency breakup instabilities (such as diocotron) provided the magnet period is short enough. Criteria have been identified delimiting a regime of stable, focused sheet beam propagation. Several PCM configurations providing two-plane focusing have been evaluated. An open-sided configuration using offset pole pieces has been found to be preferable in terms of maximum focusing strength, beam entrance matching to minimize emittance spread, and accessibility for input and output RF coupling.