gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stromal cell lines which support lymphocyte growth: characterization, sensitivity to radiation and responsiveness to growth factors (1988)

Stromal cells which grow as an adherent layer of Whitlock-Witte cultures are thought to be an essential component of the lymphohemopoietic microenvironment. Stromal cell lines from bone marrow (BM) and spleen have been obtained by treatment of cultures with 5-fluorouracil and selected for their lymphocyte support capacity by measuring the clonal growth of stromal cell-dependent lymphocyte lines in methyl cellulose. Established stromal cell lines differed significantly from stromal cells in primary Whitlock-Witte cultures with respect to expression of certain hemopoietic cell surface markers. For example, the Thy-1 and Mac-3 antigens were expressed by stromal cell lines obtained from BM and spleen, but not by stromal cells in primary cultures. Features common to all stromal cells include synthesis of actins, the neural adhesion molecule N-CAM, and a variety of collagens. Two types of common leukocyte antigens were not significantly expressed. The proliferation and total protein synthetic capacity of lymphocyte-supportive stromal cell lines was sensitive to ionizing radiation. After exposure of the cells to 200 rads, the incorporation of either [3H]thymidine or [3H]Leucine was reduced to less than 50% of control values, but the growth of lymphocytes was augmented in the presence of an irradiated stromal cell layer. The proliferation of stromal cell lines was also affected by exposure to a variety of growth factors. Addition of epidermal growth factor or endothelial cell growth factor augmented BM or spleen-derived stromal cell proliferation, while interferon-gamma had the opposite effect. In general, but not exclusively, lymphocyte growth was inhibited by factors which augmented the proliferation of stromal cells. Novel methods are described for isolating stromal cells and determining their capacity to support lymphocyte growth in vitro. Evidence is presented that this ability is not restricted to BM-derived stromal cells. The function of stromal cells was not dependent on their ability to proliferate, and this may be modulated by immunoregulatory and other growth factors.
Fine Golden Rings: Tunable Surface Plasmon Resonance from Assembled Nanorods in Topological Defects of Liquid Crystals (2016)

Unprecedented, reversible, and dynamic control over an assembly of gold nanorods dispersed in liquid crystals (LC) is demonstrated. The LC director field is dynamically tuned at the nanoscale using microscale ring confinement through the interplay of elastic energy at different temperatures, thus fine-tuning its core replacement energy to reversibly sequester nanoscale inclusions at the microscale. This leads to shifts of 100 nm or more in the surface plasmon resonance peak, an order of magnitude greater than any previous work with AuNR composites.
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis YopH targets SKAP2-dependent and independent signaling pathways to block neutrophil antimicrobial mechanisms during infection (2020)

Yersinia suppress neutrophil responses by using a type 3 secretion system (T3SS) to inject 6-7 Yersinia effector proteins (Yops) effectors into their cytoplasm. YopH is a tyrosine phosphatase that causes dephosphorylation of the adaptor protein SKAP2, among other targets in neutrophils. SKAP2 functions in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, phagocytosis, and integrin-mediated migration by neutrophils. Here we identify essential neutrophil functions targeted by YopH, and investigate how the interaction between YopH and SKAP2 influence Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) survival in tissues. The growth defect of a ΔyopH mutant was restored in mice defective in the NADPH oxidase complex, demonstrating that YopH is critical for protecting Yptb from ROS during infection. The growth of a ΔyopH mutant was partially restored in Skap2-deficient (Skap2KO) mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice, while induction of neutropenia further enhanced the growth of the ΔyopH mutant in both WT and Skap2KO mice. YopH inhibited both ROS production and degranulation triggered via integrin receptor, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), and Fcγ receptor (FcγR) stimulation. SKAP2 was required for integrin receptor and GPCR-mediated ROS production, but dispensable for degranulation under all conditions tested. YopH blocked SKAP2-independent FcγR-stimulated phosphorylation of the proximal signaling proteins Syk, SLP-76, and PLCγ2, and the more distal signaling protein ERK1/2, while only ERK1/2 phosphorylation was dependent on SKAP2 following integrin receptor activation. These findings reveal that YopH prevents activation of both SKAP2-dependent and -independent neutrophilic defenses, uncouple integrin- and GPCR-dependent ROS production from FcγR responses based on their SKAP2 dependency, and show that SKAP2 is not required for degranulation.
Modulation of Expression of HLA Components at the Cell Surface Induced by Anti‐β2m Reagents (1981)

Antibodies against lymphocytes surface components are able to rearrange profoundly the topography of the cell membrane with a differential modulation of surface antigens. Of particular interest is the effect of anti-beta 2m reagents, which are able to suppress completely the reactivity of epitopes carried by the two chains of the ABC dimers, while th expressivity of other antigens, such as DR, is significantly increased. These results have been obtained with immunoradiobinding under a variety of conditions, thus confirming the validity of the "bb" (beta 2m blanketing) test.
Full Surround Monodepth From Multiple Cameras (2022)

Self-supervised monocular depth and ego-motion estimation is a promising approach to replace or supplement expensive depth sensors such as LiDAR for robotics applications like autonomous driving. However, most research in this area focuses on a single monocular camera or stereo pairs that cover only a fraction of the scene around the vehicle. In this work, we extend monocular self-supervised depth and ego-motion estimation to large-baseline multi-camera rigs. Using generalized spatio-temporal contexts, pose consistency constraints, and carefully designed photometric loss masking, we learn a single network generating dense, consistent, and scale-aware point clouds that cover the same full surround <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$360^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> field of view as a typical LiDAR scanner. We also propose a new scale-consistent evaluation metric more suitable to multi-camera settings. Experiments on two challenging benchmarks illustrate the benefits of our approach over strong baselines.
Use of partial least squares modelling to compensate for spectral interferences in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with continuum source background correction. Part 1. Determination of arsenic in marine sediments (1991)

When arsenic is to be determined in samples containing aluminium, such as sediments, by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) at the most sensitive line (193.7 nm), spectral interferences occur when continuum source background correction is used. In this work, the possibilities of resolving the spectral interference from aluminium mathematically using multivariate calibration have been investigated. A calibration set consisting of arsenic and aluminium standard solutions, and mixtures of the two, is analysed by ETAAS and the absorbance signals obtained are used to construct a partial least squares model. This model is then used to predict the arsenic (and aluminium) concentrations in dissolved sediment samples from their absorbance signal patterns. The multivariate calibration method employed is described, and results for the determination of arsenic in two marine sediment reference materials are discussed.
Plasma etch challenges at 14nm and beyond technology nodes in the BEOL (2015)

With the constant scaling down in dimension, the metal hard mask strategy, integration of choice for porous SiOCH film integration, presents new issues that cannot not been neglected for the 14nm and beyond. These issues and associated solutions are presented from plasma etch point of view for the 14nm node.
Detection of taxol, an anticancer drug, from selected coelomycetous fungi (2007)

The fungal extraction of taxol, an anticancer drug, was studied by screening fifteen different coelomycetous cultures. Of these fungi, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Pestalotiopsis menezesiana and Pestalotiopsis uvicola showed positive results for the production of taxol. The taxol production by them was confirmed by TLC, HPLC, UV and Mass spectroscopic analyses and compared with authentic taxol. The fungal taxol extracted was subjected to its efficacy test on different cancer cell lines by in vitro solid tumor selective assay. All the three fungal extracts showed cytotoxic activity. P. menezesiana produced 274.9 µg/L of taxol in laboratory condition which gives scope for larger production by means of industrial fermentation. The discovery of such microbiological production of drug can revolutionize the search for effective pharmaceutical agents to control tumour. Keywords: Botryodiplodia theobromae, Pestalotiopsis menezesiana, P. uvicola, fungal taxol, cytotoxicity test, cancer cell lines.
Vicarious nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen in electrophilic aldimines: synthesis of enamines substituted with electron-withdrawing groups (1996)

Strongly electrophilic benzaldimines react with α -chlorocarbanions giving two types of substituted enamines, via vicarious nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen or a cyclisation-ring opening process.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Bridging Difluorocarbene Complex, (CpFeIr(Cl)(CO)2(PMe2Ph)2(μ‐CO)(μ‐CF2)) (BF4)·CH2Cl2. (1988)

Abstract The moisture‐sensitive, heterobimetallic complex (IIIa) is prepared by the oxidative addition of (I) to (II).
Safety and efficacy trial of preoperative sequential chemo-radiation therapy for the surgery sparing treatment (SST) in early breast cancer (EBC): Japan Clinical Oncology Group trial (JCOG0306) (2006)

10717 Background: The combination of preoperative anthracycline-containing regimen and taxane can obtain a pathological complete response (pCR) rate of around 30% for patients (pts) with EBC. To pursue higher pCR rate with maintaining good systemic control is necessary to put the SST practical in the future. The objective of this trial was to determine whether the addition of radiation therapy (RT) to chemotherapy (CT) could surpass the pCR rate of 50% in pts with EBC. Methods: We conducted a safety and efficacy trial of CT (4 courses of doxorubicin and cyclophosphmide (60/600 mg/m 2 ) followed by 12 courses of weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m 2 ) and RT (whole breast 45Gy + boost 10Gy) sequentially as a primary therapy in pts with stage I-IIIA (5.0 cm ≥ tumor size ≥ 2.0 cm) BC. All pts received mastectomy or lumpectomy 12–16 weeks after completion of RT to maximize the effect of RT. pCR was assessed by the central pathological review board according to the pCR classification adopted by the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP). The study was designed to enroll 104 eligible pts with threshold pCR 35%, expected pCR 50%, alpha 0.05, beta 0.1, and additionally to have the width of 95% confidence interval (CI) within ±10% for sufficient precision of pCR. Results: Between June 2004 and April 2005, 108 pts were enrolled in this trial. Median age was 50 years (range 23–69). 1 pt had T1, 95 T2, and 3 T3 tumors (2 pts’ data are missing and 7 pts’ data have not been collected). 58% (59/101) were ER+, 49% (49/101) were PgR+ and 31% (31/101) had HER2 overexpression. Based on the planned interim analysis, the Data Monitoring Committee recommended to terminate the trial for insufficient pCR rate of the first 7 eligible patients (0% (0/7), 95% CI: 0–41.0%). Toxicities were within expected range. Conclusions: Preoperative sequential chemo (AC followed by paclitaxel) -radiation therapy is not considered to be promising for accomplishing enough pCR rate. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Eau décalée : un biomarqueur IRM de l’obésité ? (2016)

L’eau (H2O) est le principal constituant du corps humain. La quantite moyenne d’eau contenue dans un organisme adulte est de 65 %, ce qui correspond a environ 45 litres d’eau pour une personne de 70 kilogrammes. L’imagerie par resonance magnetique nucleaire (IRM) du proton (H) permet de « prendre une photo » de l’eau dans notre organisme. Cependant, elle est rarement seule et la presence de lipides, eux aussi constitues de protons, vient enrichir le signal.
Photoemission and inverse photoemission studies of La adatom interactions with YBa2Cu3O6.9 (1988)

The surface reactions that occur when adatoms of La are deposited onto the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O6.9 have been studied using high-resolution synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and inverse photoelectron spectroscopy. These adatoms lead to the depletion of oxygen from the substrate as La-O forms at low coverage. The process of oxygen withdrawal quickly becomes kinetically limited as the thickening overlayer impedes mass transfer. At the same time, Cu atoms released from the disrupted, no-longer- superconducting substrate outdiffuse into, and segregate to the top of, the growing La overlayer. The complex reacted interface, therefore, exhibits phases which are likely to be superconducting, insulating, and metallic.
Beer's law and the unique penetration properties of the Brillouin precursor in complex media (2010)

The paper presents the electromagnetic propagated wave pulse properties in the appearance of a Brillouin precursor in a complex media. The numerical result of the comparison between the Beer's law and Brillouin precursor over a continuous wave field are also presented.
Controlled Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Microheterogeneous Systems (2006)

Because of their structural and dynamical properties, microheterogeneous systems have been employed as solvent and reaction media both to synthesize and stabilize nanoparticles. Following this route,
Molybdenum cofactor requirement for biotin sulfoxide reduction in Escherichia coli (1982)

The bisC gene of Escherichia coli is tentatively identified as the structural gene for biotin sulfoxide reductase by the isolation of bisC(Ts) mutants that make thermolabile enzyme. The products of four other E. coli genes (chlA, chlB, chlE and chlG) are also needed for enzymatic activity. Mutations previously assigned to the bisA, bisB, and bisD genes belong to genes chlA, chlE, and chlG, respectively. The biotin sulfoxide reductase deficiency of a chlG, mutant is partially reversed by the addition of 10 mM molybdate to the growth medium. Mutational inactivation of the chlD gene reduces the specific activity of biotin sulfoxide reductase about twofold. This effect is reversed by the addition of 1 mM molybdate to the growth medium. The specific activity of biotin sulfoxide reductase is decreased about 30-fold by the presence of tungstate in the growth medium, an effect that has been observed previously with nitrate reductase and other molybdoenzymes. The specific activity of biotin sulfoxide reductase is not elevated in a lysate prepared by derepressing a lambda cI857 chlG prophage. Whereas biotin sulfoxide reductase prepared by sonic extraction of growing cells is almost completely dependent on the presence of a small heat-stable protein resembling thioredoxin, much of the enzyme obtained from lysates of thermoinduced lambda cI857 lysogens does not require this factor.
Personality Traits of Champion Level Female Fencers (1970)

Abstract Thirty national level female fencers were studied with the Cattell 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire and the Edwards Personal Preference Study to determine if there were distinct personality traits characteristic of champion level female fencers and if there was any correlation between personality traits and level of achievement in the 1968 National Championship. A definite fencer's personality emerged when they were compared with the national norms. In general, the competitive fencer may he described as a very reserved, self-sufficient, autonomous individual with a below-average desire for affiliation and nurturance. She has a strong need to be the very best and is an intelligent, creative, experimenting, and imaginative person. She also tends to be assertive and aggressive. An analysis of variance revealed that only one personality factor would differentiate levels of achievement. The top level competitor was significantly more dominating than the low level competitor.
A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial with Delayed-Release Cysteamine Bitartrate in Nephropathic Cystinosis (2012)

A new delayed-release Q12H formulation of cysteamine bitartrate is not inferior to the Q6H formulation (Cystagon) in maintaining low WBC cystine levels in patients with cystinosis but at a lower total daily dose.
Stem cell and gene therapy approaches for skeletal disorders (2001)

Recent advances in our understanding of the transplantation of stem cells and their differentiation to tissue-specific phenotypes, as well as methods for introducing genes into subpopulations of stem cells greatly expands the potential for therapeutic strategies to correct genetic, metabolic, and degenerative disorders of the skeleton. The use of mesenchymal stem cells for systemic diseases, such as osteoporosis, and local repair of skeletal defects by tissue engineering is emphasized. Current procedures and planned future approaches that are under investigation will be discussed in this review.
Human sera possess a limited antibody repertoire to influenza neuraminidase antigenic variants selectedin vitro (1984)

Four antigenic variants of the neuraminidase (NA) of A/Texas/77 (H3N2) virus were selected using monoclonal antibody at a frequency of one variant in 10(5) parental virions. The antigenic variants failed to react serologically with the monoclonal antibody used for their selection in vitro. The antigenic variants failed also to react serologically with a proportion of sera from children and adults although all of the sera reacted with the parental A/Texas/77 virus. Thus, certain human sera have a restricted antibody repertoire to influenza NA antigen which might enable virus antigenic variants to avoid anti-NA antibody-mediated neutralization in nature.
Adsolubilization by Binary Surfactant Mixtures (2004)

Surfactant adsorbed layers formed on particles by adsorption
of surfactants exhibit hydrophobic properties where waterinsoluble compounds are incorporated in the layers. This
phenomenon is called ‘‘adsolubilization.’’ Mixed surfactant
systems change markedly the adsolubilization behavior. In this
chapter, adsolubilization by binary surfactant mixtures and
adsorption characteristics by the mixtures are discussed.
Extracellular Ca2+ sensing contributes to excess Ca2+ accumulation and vacuolar fragmentation in apmr1Δ mutant ofS. cerevisiae (2003)

Previous studies have suggested that yeast strains lacking the Ca(2+)-ATPase Pmr1p are unable to maintain an adequate level of Ca(2+) within the Golgi apparatus. It is thought that this compartmental store depletion induces a signal that causes an increased rate of Ca(2+) uptake and accumulation in a manner similar to the capacitative Ca(2+) entry (CCE) response in non-excitable mammalian cells. To explore this model further, we examined cellular Ca(2+) uptake and accumulation in a pmr1Delta strain grown in the presence of a reduced level of divalent cations. We found that the level of Ca(2+) uptake and accumulation in a pmr1Delta strain increased as the concentration of divalent cations in the growth medium decreased. These results are inconsistent with a model in which cellular Ca(2+) uptake and accumulation are determined solely by the depletion of Ca(2+) in an intracellular compartment. Instead, our results suggest that a second regulatory mechanism couples cellular Ca(2+) uptake to the availability of Ca(2+) in the extracellular environment. Furthermore, we found that various conditions that increase the level of cytosolic Ca(2+) correlate with vacuolar fragmentation in wild-type (WT), pmr1Delta and pmr1Delta/pmc1Delta yeast strains. This suggests that vacuolar fragmentation might function as a normal physiological response to Ca(2+) stress that increases the vacuolar surface/volume ratio, thereby maximizing the sequestration of this important signaling molecule.
An Escherichia coli expression vector for high-level production of heterologous proteins in fusion with CMP-KDO synthetase. (1990)

The construction of a vector which overproduces the enzyme, CTP:CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate cytidylyl-transferase (CMP-KDO synthetase or CKS) and its use as an expression vector for producing heterologous proteins in E. coli is described. The vector, which includes a modified lac promoter and synthetic ribosome binding site upstream of the native kdsB gene (encoding CKS), produces CKS at levels as high as 70% of the total cellular proteins. Several heterologous gene sequences have been fused to the 3'-end of the kdsB gene with resulting protein fusions produced at a level of up to 40% of the total cellular proteins.
Peg Precipitation Coupled with Chromatography is a New and Sufficient Method for the Purification of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B (2012)

Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins are used to treat a variety of neuro-muscular disorders, as well as in cosmetology. The increased demand requires efficient methods for the production and purification of these toxins. In this study, a new purification process was developed for purifying type B neurotoxin. The kinetics of C.botulinum strain growth and neurotoxin production were determined for maximum yield of toxin. The neurotoxin was purified by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and chromatography. Based on design of full factorial experiment, 20% (w/v) PEG-6000, 4 °C, pH 5.0 and 0.3 M NaCl were optimal conditions to obtain a high recovery rate of 87% for the type B neurotoxin complex, as indicated by a purification factor of 61.5 fold. Furthermore, residual bacterial cells, impurity proteins and some nucleic acids were removed by PEG precipitation. The following purification of neurotoxin was accomplished by two chromatography techniques using Sephacryl™ S-100 and phenyl HP columns. The neurotoxin was recovered with an overall yield of 21.5% and the purification factor increased to 216.7 fold. In addition, a mouse bioassay determined the purified neurotoxin complex possessed a specific toxicity (LD(50)) of 4.095 ng/kg.