gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Devolution and the Multilevel Politics of Gender in the UK: The Case of Scotland (2016)

This chapter focuses on Scotland and examines the territorial dynamics of domestic violence policy. It examines how women's movements have shifted focus to engage with the new political and institutional architecture. The chapter also examines the shape and scope of the intra-UK dynamics of women's organising and women's politics in the context of centrifugal dynamics and implications for a British-wide women's citizenship. The most highly visible way in which devolution has made a difference has been in the comparatively high levels of female elected representatives in the new political institutions of Scotland and Wales. However, the violence against women (VAW) sector in Scotland is cautious about arguments arising from the centre about the need for uniformity and is wary of getting behind calls for a UK-wide strategy or approach. The European Commission and the European Court of Justice provided crucial alternative arenas for feminists to press gender equality claims during the inhospitable decades of Conservative administrations.
Using Vinegar Residue-Based Carrier Materials to Improve the Biodegradation of Phenanthrene in Aqueous Solution (2021)

A large amount of vinegar residue (VR) is generated every year in China, causing serious environmental pollutions. Meanwhile, as a kind of persistent organic pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) ubiquitously exist in environments. With a goal of reusing VR and reducing PAHs pollutions, we herein isolated one <i>B. subtilis</i> strain, ZL09-26, which can degrade phenanthrene and produce biosurfactants. Subsequently, raw VR was dried under different temperatures (50 °C, 80 °C, 100 °C and 120 °C) or pyrolyzed under 350 °C and 700 °C, respectively. After being characterized by various approaches, the treated VR were mixed with ZL09-26 as carriers to degrade phenanthrene. We found that VR dried at 50 °C (VR50) was the best in promoting the growth of ZL09-26 and the degradation of phenanthrene. This result may be attributed to the residual nutrients, suitable porosity and small surface charge of VR50. Our results demonstrate the potential of VR in the biodegradation of phenanthrene, which may be meaningful for developing new VR-based approaches to remove PAHs in aqueous environments.
Pediatric Index of Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Mortality Risk Score for Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care* (2015)

This newly developed mortality score, PICSIM, consisting of 13 risk variables encompassing physiology, cardiovascular condition, and time of admission to the ICU showed better discrimination than Pediatric Index of Mortality-2, Pediatric Risk of Mortality-3, and STAT score and category for mortality in a multisite cohort of pediatric cardiac surgical patients. The introduction of the variable "admission time with respect to cardiac surgery" allowed prediction of mortality when patients are admitted to the ICU either before or after the index surgical procedure.
Analysis of the p53 pathway in clear cell renal cell carcinoma to identify novel drug combinations. (2012)

460 Background: p53 is rarely mutated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) with typical mutation frequencies between 0 and 5%. Recent studies have shown that combined p53/MDM2 expression is significantly linked with reduced survival (P&lt;0.0001, HR=3.2) and is an independent prognostic indicator (Cox multiple regression analysis, P=0.027). Studies have also found that p53 is negatively regulated by MDM2 in RCC cells but that rescue of p53 stability is not effective at inducing apoptosis. Studies of normal kidney have shown that signalling to p53 by genotoxic agents is intact, but fail to elicit an apoptotic response. We have therefore investigated a rational combinatorial approach to drug targeting in RCC cells in which both MDM2 is inhibited and apoptosis is stimulated. Methods: Senescence was quantitated by assaying SA-β-galactosidase. Drug sensitivity was determined by measuring MTT conversion at multiple time points. Data from these were used to generate isobolograms and combination indices. Further details of the drugs used will be presented. Results: Using a p53-MDM2 antagonist (currently in clinical trials), our results indicate that in RCC cells rescue of p53 induces some growth arrest and senescence but not apoptosis (IC70 range 7-30 μM). Similarly, using a pro-apoptotic drug (also in clinical trials) which has been demonstrated to promote apoptosis in a wide range of cells, we find little growth inhibitory effect (IC70 range 2.5-30 μM). However, combining a p53-MDM2 antagonist with the pro-apoptotic drug leads to dramatic synergy (combination indices as low as 0.26 [&lt;1 indicates synergy]) and rapid p53-dependent apoptosis in a range of p53 wild-type RCC cell lines. Crucially, the drug combinations have no impact on non-tumour renal cells (neither IC70 nor IC50 could be determined, but both exceed 30 μM) suggesting these may have a high therapeutic index. Conclusions: Rationally designed combinatorial approaches for the treatment of RCC can lead to dramatic enhancement of RCC cell sensitivity and clearly warrant further investigation in both pre-clinical studies (under development) and in clinical trials for RCC due to the retention of wild-type p53 in this disease.
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Isoform Is a Key Mediator of Leukostasis and Blood-Retinal Barrier Breakdown in Diabetic Retinopathy (2007)

These results indicate that the iNOS isoform plays a predominant role in leukostasis and BRB breakdown. The mechanism involves ICAM-1 upregulation and tight junction protein downregulation.
Impact of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 on district heating and cooling systems (1988)

This report focuses on the impact of the Tax Reform Act (TRA) of 1986 on district heating and cooling systems that serve paying customers and are owned by municipal utilities or other public entities, investor-owned utilities, or nonregulated firms. There is a basic problem in evaluating the impact of the tax law on the economic feasibility of district heating and cooling systems. In several dozen recent applications, district heating and cooling has tended to constitute a secondary part of some other energy system, a power plant, for example, or a cogeneration installation. The costs of these district heating and cooling systems are thus intermingled with those of the main energy system, and tax results attributable solely to the district systems are not clear cut. 22 refs., 5 tabs.
A GREIT-type linear reconstruction algorithm for EIT using eigenimages (2013)

Reconstruction in electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a nonlinear, ill-posed inverse problem. Based on point-shaped training and evaluation data, the Graz consensus Reconstruction algorithm for EIT (GREIT) constitutes a universal, homogenous method. While this is a very reasonable approach to the general problem, we ask the question if an optimized reconstruction method for a specific application of EIT, i.e. thoracic imaging, can be found. Instead of point-shaped training data we propose to use spatially extended training data consisting of eigenimages. To evaluate the quality of reconstruction of the proposed approach, figures of merit (FOMs) derived from the ones used in GREIT are developed. For the application of thoracic imaging, lung-shapes were segmented from a publicly available CT-database (www.dir-lab.com) and used to calculate the novel FOMs. With those, the general feasibility of using eigenimages is demonstrated and compared to the standard approach. In addition, it is shown that by using different sets of training data, the creation of an individually optimized linear method of reconstruction is possible.
End-to-end deep neural network for seismic inversion (2019)

In this paper, we introduce a deep neural network method to solve the seismic inversion problem. After standard processing steps on acquired seismic data, the resulting low frequency seismic traces can be considered as filtered version of the earth’s high frequency reflectivity by convolving reflectivity with a wavelet. This wavelet is not a physical source. Instead, it is a filter that accounts for the difference between reflectivity and seismic trace. Seismic inversion involves removing the imprints of the wavelet in the seismic data and then converting the results into acoustic or elastic impedance. For this reason, seismic inversion often starts with estimating wavelet from wells where reflectivity is known. The quality of wavelet estimation directly impacts the quality of inversion products. In the latest machine learning approaches for seismic inversion, wavelet estimation is also required to generate pairs of synthetic reflectivity and seismic trace to train a neural network. Not surprisingly, predictions made by the network are sensitive to the wavelet used to generate training data. In field applications, wavelets often vary vertically and spatially, due to attenuation, change of geology and rock properties. This non-stationarity nature imposes additional challenge in estimating wavelet from seismic data and wells. To overcome all these obstacles related to wavelet, we propose a new training strategy to train deep neural networks (DNN) to solve the seismic inversion problem. The biggest advantage of our method is that it does not need wavelet estimation. As a result, it represents a true end-to-end machine learning approach to seismic inversion. Presentation Date: Wednesday, September 18, 2019 Session Start Time: 1:50 PM Presentation Start Time: 2:15 PM Location: 301B Presentation Type: Oral
[PCR SSCP study of an echovirus 30 meningitis outbreak]. (1999)

Between April and October 1997, 21 children of 4 days to 13 years old were admitted to the Pedatric Unit of Aulnay Sous Bois's Hospital for viral meningitidis. The number of white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was between 1 and 612 cells/mm3, with, on an average, 56% of segmented cells, 34% lymphocytes and 34% monocytes. Proteins and glucose of CSF were standard. One CSF was normal. Viral meningitidis was confirmed by viral culture of CSF onto MRC5. Enterovirus were identified by direct immunofluorescence (Monoclonal Mouse Anti-Enterovirus, Dako). Serotyping (Enterovirus antisera, Eurobio, Trousses 4) identified an echovirus 30 in all cases. A highly conserved 154 bp sequence at the 5'non-coding region was studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) (GenPhor, Pharmacia) analysis. Two dominant SSCP patterns were observed: the first contained 4/21 strains and the other 10/21 strains. The SSCP patterns of the 7 other strains were different. These results show that 2 echovirus 30 dominant clones were responsible of viral meningitidis admitted to the Pediatric Unit of Aulnay Sous Bois's hospital, between april and october 1997. The PCR-SSCP of the 5'non-coding region of echovirus 30 is a convenient, simple, reproducible epidemiologic method and it's easily applicable in a general hospital.
A High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Rapamycin (Sirolimus) in Rat Serum, Plasma, and Blood and in Monkey Serum (1995)

Abstract A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the quantitation of rapamycin, an immunosuppressive agent, in biological specimens. The method employs a 15 cm Supelco LC-18 column (5 μm) interconnected to a 25 cm Supelco LC-18 column (5 μm). The mobile phase is a methanol/water gradient system. The flow rate is 0.51 ml/min and detection is by ultraviolet (UV) absorption at 276 nm. The method was validated for its specificity, precision, linearity and sensitivity in rat serum. Endogenous compounds in rat serum did not interfere with the detection of rapamycin or the internal standard (β-estradiol-3-benzoate). Based on a 1.0 ml serum sample, the assay was linear from 5 to 500 ng/ml. The intra-day coefficients of variation were below 10% and independent of concentration. Inter-day precision values ranged from 5.5 to 13.6%, the difference being independent of concentration. The specificity, linearity and sensitivity of the method was also demonstrated in cynomolgus monkey serum, rat plasma and hemolyzed rat whole blood. In each case, the method was specific, with no endogenous interferences. Furthermore, the method showed no interference from two newly reported rapamycin degradation products.
SPEED DISTRIBUTION INFLUENCE IN ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE PREDICTION (2013)

In road traffic noise issues, experimental measurements are a relevant element in order to understand the problem and to adjust models.Sometimes, when measurements are not possible or in the designing phase, prediction models are used to perform an estimation of the equivalent level produced by a road infrastructure.Usually models parameters are obtained by a statistical data fit and thus they are related to the area where measurements have been performed.These models are suitable for standard conditions, but they generally fail when vehicle speed distribution influence cannot be neglected, such as non-free flow traffic, traffic jams, etc.. Thus, the possibility to perform a road traffic noise prediction by means of energy based stochastic approach represents a challenge in the noise control issues.The equivalent level, in fact, depends on the acoustical energy emitted by each vehicle, which may be directly connected to its speed by some experimental relations.In this paper, the authors present a new approach in which the speed of each vehicle is randomly generated according to specific speed distributions.The different distributions are chosen according to the contextual traffic situation (free flow, pulsed accelerated flow, intersection, mixed flow composition, etc.), resulting in a detailed microscopic description of the phenomenon, based on a stochastic core model.Once the speed is generated according to the given distribution, the global level is obtained collecting all the energies sent to the receiver by each source.The results of this procedure are compared with experimental measurements.
Studies on disruption of sexual communication in the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), with microencapsulated gossyplure or its component Z, Z-isomer (1984)

Abstract Microencapsulated gossyplure or its component Z,Z -isomer were applied to 0·04-ha field plots in Arizona for disruption of sexual communication in adults of Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.). In an initial efficacy test, the materials were placed on cotton plants in 50-μl drops by hand at a rate of 3·7 g a.i./ha (24 690 drops/ha). Trap catches were reduced by averages of 92 and 81% for the Z,Z -isomer or gossyplure treatments, respectively, during a one-week test period. Mating in mini-mating stations was reduced by 100 and 91% for Z , Z -isomer and gossyplure treatments, respectively. In a further test, sprays were applied using a Micron Herbi 77 hand-held spinning disc applicator that was calibrated to deliver 1·97 × 10 8 spray droplets/ha (about 250 μm in diameter and 0·01 μl/drop). The spray and drop methods were used to apply rates of 2·5 or 12·3 g a.i./ha of both materials to 0·04-ha field plots. The 12·3 g/ha rate of microencapsulated materials was necessary to give about 90% reductions in trap catches for the 9–12–day test periods. Gossyplure and its Z , Z -isomer gave similar reductions in catches when the same rates and method of application were used. However, comparisons of results for 50-μl drops vs. spray indicated that the drops generally resulted in significantly lower trap catches than sprays at the 2·5 g/ha dose rate. The results indicate that spray application of microencapsulated gossyplure or its Z , Z -isomer have potential for communication disruption of P. gossypiella .
Binary Tellurium(IV) Azides: Te(N3)4 and [Te(N3)5]‐. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dynamics and control of structures (1990)

Newtonian Mechanics. Principles of Analytical Mechanics. Concepts from Linear System Theory. Lumped--Parameter Structures. Control of Lumped--Parameter Systems: Classical Approach. Control of Lumped--Parameter Systems: Modern Approach. Distributed--Parameter Structures: Exact and Approximate Methods. Control of Distributed Structures. A Review of Literature on Structural Control. References. Author Index. Subject Index.
T2dependence of the in-plane resistivity of graphite at very low temperatures (1984)

High-precision measurements of the in-plane resistivity of graphite have been made in a dilution refrigerator down to 20 mK. Below 5 K, the resistivity varies as a quadratic function of temperature, behavior consistent with the electron-hole scattering mechanism. The strength of the interaction is in good agreement with a model based on the cylindrical Fermi surfaces of graphite.
An accurate scalable model for 700V LDMOS (2016)

This paper discusses a highly scalable model of 700V LDMOS (Lateral Diffused MOS) device. The device model includes several key steps like self-heating characterization, parasitic resistance removing and dimension scalability. A SUBCKT approach is presented for accurate modeling of some special effects, such as quasi-saturation and gate/junction capacitance. The proposed model is validated by measurement data of HHGrace 0.5um 700V BCD technology.
Efficacités comparées d'un pompage à 920 nm et à 977 nm pour une amplification à 1127 nm (2003)

session affiche 5 " Lasers et amplificateurs à fibres " [O05GRO04]
Feasibility of randomized controlled trials in liver surgery using surgery-related mortality or morbidity as endpoint (2009)

The feasibility of conducting an adequately powered RCT in liver surgery using outcomes such as mortality or specific complications seems low. Conclusions of underpowered RCTs should be interpreted with caution. A liver surgery-specific composite endpoint may be a useful and clinically relevant solution to pursue.
Entity Linking meets Word Sense Disambiguation: a Unified Approach (2014)

Entity Linking (EL) and Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) both address the lexical ambiguity of language. But while the two tasks are pretty similar, they differ in a fundamental respect: in EL the textual mention can be linked to a named entity which may or may not contain the exact mention, while in WSD there is a perfect match between the word form (better, its lemma) and a suitable word sense. In this paper we present Babelfy, a unified graph-based approach to EL and WSD based on a loose identification of candidate meanings coupled with a densest subgraph heuristic which selects high-coherence semantic interpretations. Our experiments show state-of-the-art performances on both tasks on 6 different datasets, including a multilingual setting. Babelfy is online at http://babelfy.org
TU‐D‐I‐611‐04: Intensity‐Modulated Cone‐Beam CT for Patient‐Specific Distribution of SNR (2005)

Purpose: In order to maximize task‐specific image quality for cone‐beam CT systems used in image‐guided radiation therapy, investigations are being performed to establish compensating filters capable of modulating the fluence pattern applied during image acquisition for patient and task‐specific distributions of signal‐to‐noise (SNR). The repetitive image‐guidance problem allows optimization at the patient‐specific level by making use of previously acquired patient images to define regions of interest (ROIs) or a distribution of desired image quality. These ROIs or distributions can be employed to generate intensity modulated fluence patterns for application during acquisition. Method and Materials: Investigations into the development of compensation systems for creating SNR patterns are performed through simulations and experimental studies on a bench‐top cone‐beam CT system (Varian 4030A flat‐panel, Rad‐92 X‐ray tube, motorized rotation stage). Numerical simulations (Matlab™) on a Shepp‐Logan phantom are employed to generate binarized masks according to defined ROIs in the object space. Modulation of noise containing sinogram data followed by filtered backprojection permits SNR distribution recovery. Experimental studies using modulating filters were performed to evaluate the robustness of the technique in realistic systems. Results: Simulations into the feasibility of tailor made SNR patterns created by advanced compensation schemes show that it is possible to design a gantry angle dependent compensation system capable of achieving desired SNR in defined ROIs. Experimental results reveal the ability to modify SNR across images providing specific regions with improved SNR while reducing local and/or integral dose. Conclusion: Cone‐beam CT compensators have been explored to provide modulated, patient‐specific, fluence patterns optimizing the distribution of SNR within the resulting image. This technique opens the opportunity to optimize image quality in the most clinically relevant regions of an image, while reducing dose to the patient by reducing the fluence intensity outside defined ROIs.
Room-Temperature-Processed ZrO2 Interlayer toward Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells (2020)

The Sn-doped In2O3 transparent conductive [indium tin oxide (ITO)] electrode in planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is modified by a zirconia (ZrO2) interlayer with a low-temperature process. Here, the ZrO2 film is prepared by ultraviolet (UV) treatment at room temperature. The effects of the inserted ZrO2 interlayer on the performance of CH3NH3PbI3–xClx-based PSCs have been systemically studied. After optimizing the process, the champion efficiency of PSCs with a UV-treated ZrO2 interlayer is 19.48%, which is larger than that of the reference PSC (15.56%). The improved performance in the modified devices is primarily ascribed to the reduced trap states and the suppressed carrier recombination at the ITO/SnO2 interface. Our work provides a facile route to boost the photovoltaic performance of PSCs by modifying the surface of the transparent conductive electrode at room temperature.
Advances of MOEMS-based External Cavity QCLs (2019)

The combination of broadly tunable quantum cascade laser chips in an external cavity (EC-QCL) with a micro- electro-mechanical system (MEMS) scanner with integrated diffraction grating as wavelength-selective element allows for the development of extremely compact and robust spectroscopy systems. Resonant MOEMS grating scanners enable spectral tuning rates of hundreds of wavenumbers per millisecond and consequently broad-band spectroscopy with millisecond temporal resolution. Also non-resonant (quasistatic) MOEMS grating scanners are possible, providing scan rates of tens of Hz as well as static setting of arbitrary wavelengths, as common for mechanically driven EC lasers, while keeping the small MOEMS footprint, ruggedness, and low power consumption. Here, we give a progress report on the latest developments on MOEMS-based EC-QCLs made by Fraunhofer IAF and IPMS. We will highlight two of our latest developments: A non-resonant MOEMS EC-QCL version that allows arbitrary scan frequencies up to few ten Hertz, as well as static operation. Furthermore, we present the application of a resonantly driven cw-MOEMS-EC-QCL with cavity-length control to enable fast high-resolution spectroscopy over a spectral range of &gt;100 cm-1, offering new possibilities for spectroscopy on complex gas mixtures.
A longitudinal study of nasal airway size from age 9 to age 13. (1999)

In order to define nasal breathing for diagnostic purposes, reference values of normal nasal airway size in children are needed. The purpose of this study was to examine longitudinally changes in nasal airway size that occur with age. Minimum nasal cross-sectional areas of 82 children were measured by the pressure-flow technique at 1-year intervals, from age 9 through age 13. A mixed factorial ANOVA showed that the effect of age on nasal airway size was statistically significant (p<0.001) and the effect of gender was nonsignificant. Although the mean nasal size increased from 0.4 cm2 to 0.5 cm2, it also decreased at some point between 9 and 13 years. The results suggest that the adult nasal size may be reached earlier than previously reported in cross-sectional studies.