gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of thermal diffusivity of filler‐polymide composites by flash radiometry (1991)

Abstract Thermal diffusivity D of filler‐polyimide composites was investigated using flash radiometry. The fillers used were: diamond, alumina, boron nitride, aluminium nitride, silicon carbide, and silicon carbide whiskers, Composite films were prepared by casting a polyamic acid solution with dispersed filler on a glass plate and then annealing. The effects of filler type, size, content, and shape on D were studied. D increased with increasing average filler particle diameter and filler content. For the composite filled with fine Al 2 O 3 whose average particle diameter is about 0.2 μm, aggregates of filler were observed with dimensions up to a few microns. The formation of thermal paths through this aggregate enhances thermal diffusion. For the composites filled with high thermal conductivity filler such as BN and AIN, there was a strong increase in D above a filler content of 20 vol %. D was ten times larger than that of unfilled polyimide when the BN content was 54 vol %. D of the SiC‐whisker composite increased strongly up to a filler content of 18 vol %. Above this content D significantly decreased, probably because of interconnected voids formed by mold shrinkage.
The Current State of ASD Research (2012)

The rising rates of autism diagnosis among children is becoming a topic of growing interest among many arms of the research community. The most recent CDC data and statistics suggests that the prevalence of autism in the US is about 11.3 per 1000 children; this equates to about 1 in every 88 births (CDC, 2012). The trending increase in prevalence has increased the need for autism research greatly. So much is unknown about the nature of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) that there is a seemingly endless range of subject matter for pertinent research. There is currently such a surge of autism related research being published that it is often difficult to discern what are the most significant discoveries. Investigators from many disciplines are seeking answers to questions including; possible treatments, the accuracy of current diagnostic criteria, pathology, epidemiology, economic impact, and risk factors for the disorder. This paper will review my independent study on the current state of research in ASD, media controversy surrounding autism, as well as explore future possibilities and advancements.
Neodymium-glass disk amplifier (1977)

A description is given of the design of a neodymium-glass disk amplifier with an active medium of volume ~1.5×104 cm3 and a total stored energy of ~7.5 kJ. The results of tests on the amplifier are given and it is reported that the maximum gain is a factor of ~3.3.
Role of soluble silica in alleviating oxidative stress in soybean crop (2018)

Sudden changes in environment causes abiotic and biotic stress due to which farmers are facing problem of decreased yield. The present study was designed to improve yield by alleviating oxidative stress in crops. Silicon is gaining importance in promoting growth and yield of plants. Soluble silica in the form of AgriboosterTM was sprayed on test field of soybean during cultivation. Proline content was found to be decreased significantly in soybean sprayed with soluble silica. Significantly decreased malondialdehyde content was observed in soybean which indicates beneficial role of silica in preventing lipid peroxidation. Soluble silica increased peroxidase activity by increasing water availability and total phenol content was also found to be increased significantly in soybean. So from the present study it can be concluded that silica when applied on crops in soluble form prevent oxidative stress caused due to various environmental factors which may help in better quality product and yield.
Computer science (2018)

Every new technology brings new opportunity for crime, and information and communication technology (ICT) is no exception. This short article offers students of crime insights in the two main connections between ICT and criminology. On the one hand we show how ICT can be used as a tool, target, or location of crime. On the other hand we show how ICT can be used as a tool to study crime.
The state of ontology pattern research a systematic review of ISWC, ESWC and ASWC 2005-2009 (2010)

While the use of patterns in computer science is well established, research into ontology design patterns is a fairly recent development. We believe that it is important to develop an overview of the state of research in this new field, in order to stake out possibilities for future research and in order to provide an introduction for researchers new to the topic. This paper presents a systematic literature review of all papers published at the three large semantic web conferences and their associated workshops in the last five years. Our findings indicate among other things that a lot of papers in this field are lacking in empirical validation, that ontology design patterns tend to be one of the main focuses of papers that mention them, and that although research on using patterns is being performed, studying patterns as artifacts of their own is less common.
Participatory sensing for emergency communication via MANET (2012)

Most large-scale disasters are characterized by breakdown of essential communication systems. The failure of telecommunication system reduces the pace of emergency response and relief efforts. The paper is confined mainly on how communication can be carried even when a cellular network is down. The proposed system designs a participatory system for emergency communication. The existing participatory sensing systems have not addressed the issues arising when an area is hit with a disaster. By creating mobile ad hoc network of smart phones, it would be possible to allow messages requesting help to pass between phones until they are intercepted by a node which can directly connect to the cellular network or internet. An algorithm for routing the message in such a network is presented. It also showcases an android application called Android app for Emergency Communication (AEC) which would perform this task.
AlGaN/GaN two-stage power amplifier of C-band (2010)

A two-stage amplifier on AlGaN/GaN heterostructure transistors has been designed for the use within 5-7 GHz frequency range. Linear gain amounts to 20±1.0 dB, input reflection factor does not exceed 10 dB. With input power of 200 mW, the output power of the amplifier is not less than 5.4 W, coefficient of efficiency is not less than 28%. Area of QMIC is 2.2×3.8mm.
Preparation and Characteristics of MoSe2 Interlayer in Bifacial Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells (2012)

MoSe2 thin films were formed simply by the selenization of Mo on bare soda lime glass substrate and glass coated with ZnO:Ga. Preliminarily, the structural property of MoSe2 was studied on bare soda lime glass with X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra. Furthermore, the electrical property of MoSe2 was discussed as the interlayer between the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 /ZnO:Ga double layers. Finally, bifacial solar cells with MoSe2 interlayer were illustrated with current-voltage curve and quantum efficiency.
Increased Cooling Power with Nucleate Boiling Flow in Automotive Engine Applications (2011)

New Trends and Developments in
Nanosession: Neuromorphic Concepts (2012)

This chapter demonstrates that a single Pt/Ge0.3Se0.7/SiO2/Cu memresistive device implemented in an analogue circuitry mimic non-associative and associative types of learning. It discusses the similarities to neurobiological correlates as well as software based neural networks. The chapter presents the most essential functionalities of biological synapses and their realization in nanoscale metal-oxide memristive devices. A similar reductionistic strategy is applied to demonstrate all forms of implicit memory by using memresistive devices. The chapter shows that the on-resistance of nanoelectronic resistive switches is determined by the applied voltage-current profile during switching from the off-state to the on-state experimentally as well as by examining the theoretical models It presents the resistive switching characteristics of the Pt/HfO2/TiN/Al memory cells with TiN/Al top electrode and their potential for non-volatile memory and neuromorphic circuits, in particular forming artificial synapses following the Hebbian rule of learning based on spike-rate dependent plasticity (SRDP). Controlled Vocabulary Terms nanoelectronics; neuromorphics; plasticity; switches
Perceptions of Reimbursement for Clinical Trial Participation (2011)

A greater understanding of participant views regarding reimbursement will help investigators plan studies that have better potential for reaching target enrollment, maximize efficient recruitment, maintain scientific integrity, and enhance retention over time. As part of a clinical trial in the area of sexual health, healthy women's perceptions of reimbursement for research participation were investigated. Semi-structured, audio-recorded, qualitative interviews were conducted immediately upon women's completion of the clinical trial to enable a participant-driven understanding of perceptions about monetary reimbursement. Audio-recordings were transcribed and analyzed using framework analysis. Women (N = 30) had a mean age of 29.5 ± 5.7 years (range 22-45 years). Sixty-three percent of participants (n = 19) were non-Hispanic (white n = 13, black n = 4, and Asian n = 2), while the remaining were Hispanic (n = 11). Seventy-three percent (n = 22) reported previous participation in research. In general, women viewed reimbursement as a benefit to research participation, the amount of which should reflect time, the inconvenience to the research subject, and the potential for unknown risks in the short- and long-term. They believed reimbursement should take into account the degree of risk of the study, with investigations of experimental products offering greater reimbursement. Women believed that monetary reimbursement is unlikely to coerce an individual to volunteer for a study involving procedures or requirements that they found unacceptable. The results of this study can be used to provide guidance to those planning and evaluating reimbursement for research participation.
Aspects of adaptive hierarchical RBF metamodels for optimization (2012)

Radial basis functions (RBFs), among other techniques, are used to construct metamodels that approximate multi-objective expensive high-fidelity functions from a finite number of function evaluations (design of experiments, DoE). Radial basis functio
Temporary persistence of conduction block after prolonged kilohertz frequency alternating current on rat sciatic nerve (2017)

This carry-over block effect may be exploited to provide continuous conduction block in peripheral nerves without continuous application of KHFAC.
Restoring Integral Images from Focal Stacks Using Compressed Sensing Techniques (2016)

This paper contains an original development of the compressed sensing technique for restoring integral images from a number of observed 2D images. The proposed data acquisition uses a conventional camera equipped with a horizontal 1D mask placed in the pupil plane of the lens. The compressed sensing style algorithm developed is based on a sparsity hypothesis imposed on 2D cross sections of the light field.
Supplementary Figure S5 from RNA Interference Using <i>c-Myc</i>–Conjugated Nanoparticles Suppresses Breast and Colorectal Cancer Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S5: Biodistribution analysis of nanoparticles using MRI and confocal and live imaging in mammary models&lt;/p&gt;
Rearrangements of Hydrazo, Azoxy and Azo Compounds: Kinetic, Product and Isotope Studies (1997)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Rearrangements of Hydrazo Compounds The Acid-catalyzed Benzidine Rearrangement Synthesis of Labelled Compounds Heavy-atom Isotope Effects Kinetic Studies Related Processes Thermal and Photochemical Benzidine Rearrangements Other Reactions Rearrangements of Azoxy Compounds The Wallach Rearrangement Kinetic Studies Product Studies Related Processes α→β Tautomerism Thermal and Photochemical Wallach Rearrangements Other Reactions Rearrangements of Azo Compounds Azo–Hydrazone Tautomerism Azonium–Ammonium Tautomerism Cis–Trans Isomerism Acknowledgements References
FATIGUE LIMIT: IS THERE A LINK TO THE QUASI-STATIC DAMAGE? (2017)

The paper presents the experimentally observed relations of the fatigue life limit and the quasi-static damage thresholds for textile composites
Treatment of Established Postmenopausal Osteoporosis with Raloxifene: A Randomized Trial (1998)

Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that in experimental animals acts as an estrogen receptor antagonist in breast and endometrium but as an estrogen receptor agonist in the skeletal and cardiovascular systems. We conducted a 1-year prospective, randomized, double-blind trial in 143 postmenopausal osteoporotic women (mean +/- SD age, 68.4+/-5.0 years) with at least one prevalent vertebral fractures and low bone mineral density (BMD), comparing groups receiving raloxifene at 60 mg/day (RLX60) or 120 mg/day (RLX120) and a control group receiving supplements of 750 mg/day of calcium and 400 IU/day of vitamin D. There were no differences among groups in the occurrence of uterine bleeding, thrombophlebitis, breast abnormalities, or increased endometrial thickness (assessed by ultrasonography). As compared with controls, the changes in values over 1 year for RLX60 and RLX120, respectively, were significant for serum bone alkaline phosphatase (-14.9%, -8.87%), serum osteocalcin (-20.7%, -17.0%), and urinary C-telopeptide fragment of type I collagen/creatinine (-24.9%, -30.8%), markers of bone turnover; for serum total cholesterol (-7.0% for RLX60) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (-11.4% for RLX60) and for the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio (-13.2%, -8.3%). BMD increased significantly in the total hip (1.66% for RLX60) and ultradistal radius (2.92%, 2.50%). There were nonsignificant trends toward increases over controls in BMD for lumbar spine, total body, and total hip (for RLX120). Using a >15% cutoff definition, raloxifene had no effect on incident fractures, but using a >30% cutoff, there was a dose-related reduction (p = 0.047). We conclude that raloxifene therapy is well tolerated, reduces serum lipids, and does not stimulate the uterus or breasts. It has beneficial effects on bone, although, under the conditions of this study, these appear to be of a smaller magnitude than have been reported with estrogen therapy.
Non-Uniform Random Number Generation Through Piecewise Linear Approximations (2006)

This paper presents a hardware architecture for non-uniform random number generation, which allows the generator's distribution to be modified at run-time without reconfiguration. The architecture is based on a piecewise linear approximation, using just one table lookup, one comparison and one subtract operation to map from a uniform source to an arbitrary non-uniform distribution, resulting in very low area utilisation and high speeds. Customisation of the distribution is fully automatic, requiring less than a second of CPU time to approximate a new distribution, and around 1000 cycles to switch distributions at run-time. Comparison with Gaussian specific generators show that the new architecture uses less than half the resources, provides a higher sample rate, and retains statistical quality for up to 50 billion samples, but can also generate other distributions.
Experimental Assessment of a Resilient PCE/GMPLS Controlled Translucent Wavelength Switched Optical Network (2011)

A translucent wavelength switched optical network (WSON) is a cost-efficient infrastructure between opaque networks and transparent optical networks, which aims at seeking a graceful balance between network cost and service provisioning performance. In this paper, we experimentally present a resilient translucent WSON with the control of an enhanced path computation element (PCE) and extended generalized multi-protocol label switching (GMPLS) controllers. An adaptive routing and wavelength assignment scheme with the consideration of accumulated physical impairments, wavelength availabilities and regenerator allocation is experimentally demonstrated and evaluated for dynamic provisioning of lightpaths. By using two different network scenarios, we experimentally verify the feasibility of the proposed solutions in support of translucent WSON, and quantitatively evaluate the path computation latency, network blocking probability and service disruption time during end-to-end lightpath restoration. We also deeply analyze the experimental results and discuss the synchronization between the PCE and the network status. To the best of our knowledge, the most significant progress and contribution of this paper is that, for the first time, all the proposed methodologies in support of PCE/GMPLS controlled translucent WSON, including protocol extensions and related algorithms, are implemented in a network testbed and experimentally evaluated in detail, which allows verifying their feasibility and effectiveness when being potentially deployed into real translucent WSON.
Sir2 mediates longevity in the fly through a pathway related to calorie restriction (2004)

Calorie restriction can extend life span in a variety of species including mammals, flies, nematodes, and yeast. Despite the importance of this nearly universal effect, little is understood about the molecular mechanisms that mediate the life-span-extending effect of calorie restriction in metazoans. Sir2 is known to be involved in life span determination and calorie restriction in yeast mother cells. In nematodes increased Sir2 can extend life span, but a direct link to calorie restriction has not been demonstrated. We now report that Sir2 is directly involved in the calorie-restriction life-span-extending pathway in Drosophila. We demonstrate that an increase in Drosophila Sir2 (dSir2) extends life span, whereas a decrease in dSir2 blocks the life-span-extending effect of calorie reduction or rpd3 mutations. These data lead us to propose a genetic pathway by which calorie restriction extends life span and provides a framework for genetic and pharmacological studies of life span extension in metazoans.
Purification and properties of S-hydroxymethylglutathione dehydrogenase of Paecilomyces variotii no. 5, a formaldehyde-degrading fungus (2012)

S-hydroxymethylglutathione dehydrogenase from Paecilomyces variotii No. 5 strain (NBRC 109023), isolated as a formaldehyde-degrading fungus, was purified by a procedure that included ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Sepharose and hydroxyapatite chromatography and isoelectrofocusing. Approximately 122-fold purification was achieved with a yield of 10.5%. The enzyme preparation was homogeneous as judged by sodium dodecyl polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 49 kDa by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration, suggesting that it is a monomer. Enzyme activity was optimal at pH 8.0 and was stable in the range of pH 7.0-10. The optimum temperature for activity was 40°C and the enzyme was stable up to 40°C. The isoelectric point was pH 5.8. Substrate specificity was very high for formaldehyde. Besides formaldehyde, the only aldehyde or alcohol tested that served as a substrate was pyruvaldehyde. Enzyme activity was enhanced by several divalent cations such as Mn2+ (179%), Ba2+ (132%), and Ca2+ (112%) but was completely inhibited by Ni2+, Fe3+, Hg2+, p-chloromercuribenzoate (PCMB) and cuprizone. Inactivation of the enzyme by sulfhydryl reagents (Hg2+ and PCMB) indicated that the sulfhydryl group of the enzyme is essential for catalytic activity.
Evaporite Borate‐Containing Mineral Ensembles Make Phosphate Available and Regiospecifically Phosphorylate Ribonucleosides: Borate as a Multifaceted Problem Solver in Prebiotic Chemistry (2016)

RNA is currently thought to have been the first biopolymer to support Darwinian natural selection on Earth. However, the phosphate esters in RNA and its precursors, and the many sites at which phosphorylation might occur in ribonucleosides under conditions that make it possible, challenge prebiotic chemists. Moreover, free inorganic phosphate may have been scarce on early Earth owing to its sequestration by calcium in the unreactive mineral hydroxyapatite. Herein, it is shown that these problems can be mitigated by a particular geological environment that contains borate, magnesium, sulfate, calcium, and phosphate in evaporite deposits. Actual geological environments, reproduced here, show that Mg<sup>2+</sup> and borate sequester phosphate from calcium to form the mineral lüneburgite. Ribonucleosides stabilized by borate mobilize borate and phosphate from lüneburgite, and are then regiospecifically phosphorylated by the mineral. Thus, in addition to guiding carbohydrate pre-metabolism, borate minerals in evaporite geoorganic contexts offer a solution to the phosphate problem in the "RNA first" model for the origins of life.
Stochastic motion due to a single wave in a magnetoplasma (1979)

A single electrostatic wave in a magnetoplasma causes stochastic ion motion in several physically different situations. Various magnetic fields (uniform, tokamak, and mirror) and various propagation angles with respect to the field have been studied. A brief review of this work shows that all situations can be understood using the concept of overlapping resonances. Analytical calculations of the wave amplitude necessary for stochasticity have been carried out in some cases and compared with computer and laboratory experiments. In the case of an axisymmetric mirror field the calculations predict stochastic motion of ions with energy below a threshold that depends weakly on the wave amplitude and on the scale lengths of the magnetic field. Studies with an azimuthally asymmetric field show that the asymmetry causes substantial changes in the motion of some ions.
A400M: Instrumentation Architecture for Flight Test (2010)

ITC/USA 2010 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Sixth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 25-28, 2010 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California
Isolation and Purification of a Hydrophobic Non-Ribosomal Peptide from an Escherichia coli Fermentation Broth (2021)

Non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPSs) generate versatile bioactive peptides by incorporating non-proteinogenic amino acids and catalyzing diverse modifications. Here, we developed an efficient downstream process for the capture, intermediate purification and polishing of a rhabdopeptide (RXP) produced by the NRPS VietABC. Many typical unit operations were unsuitable due to the similar physical and chemical properties of the RXP and related byproducts. However, we were able to capture the RXP from a fermentation broth using a hydrophobic resin (XAD-16N), resulting in a 14-fold increase in concentration while removing salts as well as polar and weak non-polar impurities. We then used ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) for intermediate purification, with optimized parameters determined using statistical experimental designs, resulting in the complete removal of hydrophobic impurities. Finally, the UHPLC eluents were removed by evaporation. Our three-step downstream process achieved an overall product recovery of 81.7 ± 8.4%.