gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Search for electromagnetic wave sources using the maximum entropy method (1988)

Abstract Undesirable electromagnetic waves radiated from various electrical and electronic apparatus recently have become social problems. Research to prevent these effects is in progress in various fields. This paper presents a method of determining the location of electromagnetic wave sources two‐dimensionally. The analysis method is based on the deduction of the power spectrum by applying the maximum entropy method to time‐series information, i.e., the location of electromagnetic‐wave sources in two‐dimension, corresponds to the power spectrum. It is confirmed by computer simulation that the location can be determined with very high accuracy. The relationship between the amount of data measured and the accuracy of location determination, and the relationship between the accuracy of a source‐location detection and the offset of the measuring position, were examined. The number of measurements was found to be almost twice the number of electromagnetic sources, and the detection of the location of a source can have a very high resolution if the measuring position is kept at a high accuracy. The results show that this method is very effective in determining the position of sources, for example, radiated from a system consisting of subsystems.
Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring F15-6 (2012)

Gear ID: 1, SN 10531; Gear ID: 2 SBE37, SN 231; Gear ID: 3, SN 313; Gear ID: 4, SN 568; Gear ID: 5, SN 8417; Gear ID: 6, SN 9391
An abstract machine architecture for web service based business process management (2006)

We define an abstract operational model of the Business Process Execution Language for Web Service (BPEL4WS) based on the Abstract State Machine (ASM) formalism. That is, we abstractly model dynamic properties of the key language constructs through the construction of a Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) abstract machine. Specifically, we present the process execution model and the underlying execution lifecycle of BPEL activities. The goal of our work is to provide a precise and well defined semantic framework for establishing the key language attributes. To this end, the BPEL abstract machine forms a comprehensive and robust formalisation closely reflecting the view of the informal language definition.
In Vivo 3-Dimensional Strain Mapping Confirms Large Optic Nerve Head Deformations Following Horizontal Eye Movements (2016)

Our results confirm that horizontal eye movements generate significant ONH strains, which is consistent with our previous estimations using finite element analysis. Further studies are needed to explore a possible link between ONH strains induced by eye movements and axonal loss in optic neuropathies.
A Randomized Study of Lubiprostone for Opioid-Induced Constipation in Patients with Chronic Noncancer Pain (2014)

Lubiprostone effectively relieved OIC and associated signs and symptoms and was well tolerated in patients with chronic noncancer pain (http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00595946).
Impairment of cerebral autoregulation during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the newborn lamb (1996)

These findings indicate that cerebral autoregulation was altered in animals on venovenous ECMO, with cerebral blood flow decreasing at a cerebral perfusion pressure of < 25 mm Hg, compared with control animals which showed no changes at the same cerebral perfusion pressure. This disruption of cerebral autoregulation decreased cerebral oxygen metabolism despite an increased oxygen extraction in ECMO animals.
Programmable peptide-directed two dimensional arrays of various nanoparticles on graphene sheets (2011)

In this research, we report an innovative, chemical strategy for the in situ synthesis and direct two-dimensional (2D) arraying of various nanoparticles (NPs) on graphenes using both programmed-peptides as directing agents and graphenes as pre-formed 2D templates. The peptides were designed for manipulating the enthalpic (coupled interactions) constraint of the global system. Along with the functionalization of graphene for the stable dispersion, peptides directed the growth and array of NPs in a controllable manner. In particular, the sequences of peptides were encoded by the combination of glutamic acid (E), glycine (G), and phenylalanine (F) amino acids as follows: (E-G-F)(3)-G, with E for the interaction with NPs and F and G for the interaction with graphenes. For the entropic (restricted geometry) constraint, graphene was used as a 2D scaffold to tune the size, density, and position of NPs, while maintaining the intrinsic properties for electrochemical applications. The excellent quality of the resultant hybrids was demonstrated by their high electrocatalytic activity in the electrooxidation of methanol. This synergistic combination of peptides and graphenes allowed for a uniform 2D array and spontaneous organization of various NPs (i.e., Pt, Au, Pd, and Ru), which would greatly expand the utility and versatility of this approach for the synthesis and array of the advanced nanomaterials.
Visible light decomposition of ammonia to dinitrogen by a new visible light photocatalytic system composed of sensitizer (Ru(bpy)32+), electron mediator (methylviologen) and electron acceptor (dioxygen) (2005)

Visible light decomposition of aqueous ammonia to dinitrogen was successfully achieved by using a new photocatalytic system based on a molecular photoelectron relay composed of a sensitizer (Ru(bpy)(3)2+), an electron mediator (methylviologen) and an electron acceptor (dioxygen), which can be used as a visible light-driven photocatalyst instead of UV-driven semiconductors.
Computer quantitation of ST segment response to graded exercise in untrained and trained normal subjects (1971)

A computer technique has been employed to record continuously the amplitude of selected points on the ECG waveform during and after graded exercise in untrained and trained young subjects. There was a wide scatter of values, a proportion lying outside previously suggested criteria of normality. The general pattern was one of increasing ST segment depression and slope with increasing severity of exercise.
Hybrid Light-Emitting Diode Enhanced With Emissive Nanocrystals (2014)

This thesis investigates a new type of white light emitting hybrid diode, composed of a light emitting GaN/InGaN LED and a layer of semiconductor nanocrystals for color conversion. Unlike standard white LEDs, the device is configured to achieve high color conversion efficiency via non-radiative energy transfer from the primary LED to the nanocrystals. LED structures with sub-10 nm separation the between quantum well and the surface and patterned standard bright LEDs are considered for the hybrid devices, which require close proximity of the nanocrystals to the quantum well. The development of the hybrid diode fabrication including process techniques for GaN LED and incorporation of the nanocrystals are presented with the emphasis on the differences with standard LED processing. Results and analysis of optical and electrical characterization including photoluminescence (PL), micro-PL, time-resolved PL and electroluminescence (EL) together with current-voltage characteristics are presented to evaluate the device performance. A clear evidence of non-radiative energy transfer was seen in the carrier dynamics of both the LED and the nanocrystals when the quantum well – nanocrystals separation was less than 10nm. Analysis of the results shows that in order to achieve sufficient for the white LED color conversion, better surface passivation and nanocrystals with shorter exciton lifetimes and weaker Auger recombination and needed.
Pharmacokinetics, dosimetry and toxicity of holmium-166-DOTMP for bone marrow ablation in multiple myeloma. (1995)

All patients demonstrated severe bone marrow toxicity with a white blood cell (WBC) count < 1,000 cells/microliters, two patients exhibited marrow ablation (WBC count < 100 cells/microliters), and no other toxicity > or = grade 2 was observed in any of the patients.
PHOTOINDUCED OXIDATIVE CLEAVAGE OF ARYLCYCLOPROPANES IN THE PRESENCE OF ORGANIC ELECTRON-ACCEPTOR (1981)

Abstract The cyclopropane ring of arylcyclopropanes is oxidatively cleaved by irradiation in polar solvents containing nucleophiles such as alcohols, water, and sodium cyanide in the presence of electron-acceptor such as 1,4-dicyanobenzene and 1-cyanonaphthalene, giving nucleophile-incorporated products. This photoreaction proceeds via an electron-transfer from the cyclopropanes to the excited electron-acceptors, and the cation radicals of arylcyclopropanes are involved as key intermediates.
<title>Beam guiding and shaping for surface processing with laser radiation</title> (1990)

To utilize the advantages of surface treatment with laser radiation for modifying the proper metallurgical structures or achieving the required processing geometries the use of optical systems for beam guiding and shaping is necessary to guarantee the required power density distribution and interaction time for an unique materials processing effect as hardening, remelting, alloying, dispersing, cladding and gla.- zing. Simple beam guiding and shaping techniques using static and moving optical components are described evaluating their reliability for an industrial environment with applications for processing of areas hardly to access and of complex workpiece geometries.
Эколого-экономическая оценка предотвращения и ликвидации последствий чрезвычайных ситуаций (2011)

In the article causes of various accidents and disasters of technogenic and natural character, ecological risks and methods for evaluating ecological and economic damages are considered. Authors give recommendation on enhancement of activity oriented to preventing and rectification of emergency situations consequences.
Happy Eyeballs: Success with Dual-Stack Hosts (2012)

When a server's IPv4 path and protocol are working, but the
server's IPv6 path and protocol are not working, a dual-stack
client application experiences significant connection delay compared
to an IPv4-only client. This is undesirable because it causes the
dual- stack client to have a worse user experience. This document
specifies requirements for algorithms that reduce this user-visible
delay and provides an algorithm. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Bending the Tool and the Effect on Human Performance: Further Investigation of a Simulated Wire-Twisting Task (2002)

A previous experiment by the authors investigated the effect of the design of pliers on productivity. A simulated wire-twisting task performed at five heights between 10 inches above and 10 inches below elbow height formed the basis of the comparison. Pliers designed according to the American National Standard for long nose and long reach pliers were compared to bent-handled pliers designed at the Western Electric (WE) Co. The WE pliers, designed to reduce ulnar deviation during a wire-twisting task, resulted in productivity decrements between 1.4 and 17% across the five heights studied. The current experiment was a continuation of that study, adding orientation of the workplace in the sagittal plane as an independent variable. Wrist deviation in two planes were additional dependent measures, and the experiment was performed by female subjects with a mean age of 48.1 years. The results did not indicate a significant difference between productivity levels for the two pliers designs. Work height and work orientation, as well as their interaction, tended to have the strongest effects on productivity and wrist deviation. In general, productivity was inversely related to measures of discomfort and postural deviation.
Exactitud de tamizaje de retinopatía diabética: inteligencia artificial versus tecnólogos médicos entrenados (2021)

Both strategies had a similar sensitivity to detect cases of sight-threatening DR. However, the specificity of DART was significantly lower compared to medical technologists, which would greatly increase the burden on the health system, a very important aspect to consider in a screening strategy.
Biological Nicotinamide Cofactor as a Redox‐Active Motif for Reversible Electrochemical Energy Storage (2019)

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD<sup>+</sup> ) is one of the most well-known redox cofactors carrying electrons. Now, it is reported that the intrinsically charged NAD<sup>+</sup> motif can serve as an active electrode in electrochemical lithium cells. By anchoring the NAD<sup>+</sup> motif by the anion incorporation, redox activity of the NAD<sup>+</sup> is successfully implemented in conventional batteries, exhibiting the average voltage of 2.3 V. The operating voltage and capacity are tunable by altering the anchoring anion species without modifying the redox center itself. This work not only demonstrates the redox capability of NAD<sup>+</sup> , but also suggests that anchoring the charged molecules with anion incorporation is a viable new approach to exploit various charged biological cofactors in rechargeable battery systems.
Effect of Pre-Stress on the Dynamic Tensile Behavior of the TMJ Disc (2013)

Previous dynamic analyses of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc have not included a true preload, i.e., a step stress or strain beyond the initial tare load. However, due to the highly nonlinear stress-strain response of the TMJ disc, we hypothesized that the dynamic mechanical properties would greatly depend on the preload, which could then, in part, account for the large variation in the tensile stiffnesses reported for the TMJ disc in the literature. This study is the first to report the dynamic mechanical properties as a function of prestress. As hypothesized, the storage modulus (E′) of the disc varied by a factor of 25 in the mediolateral direction and a factor of 200 in the anteroposterior direction, depending on the prestress. Multiple constant strain rate sweeps were extracted and superimposed via strain-rate frequency superposition (SRFS), which demonstrated that the strain rate amplitude and strain rate were both important factors in determining the TMJ disc material properties, which is an effect not typically seen with synthetic materials. The presented analysis demonstrated, for the first time, the applicability of viscoelastic models, previously applied to synthetic polymer materials, to a complex hierarchical biomaterial such as the TMJ disc, providing a uniquely comprehensive way to capture the viscoelastic response of biological materials. Finally, we emphasize that the use of a preload, preferably which falls within the linear region of the stress-strain curve, is critical to provide reproducible results for tensile analysis of musculoskeletal tissues. Therefore, we recommend that future dynamic mechanical analyses of the TMJ disc be performed at a controlled prestress corresponding to a strain range of 5–10%.
Optimizing Electromagnetic Hotspots in Plasmonic Bowtie Nanoantennae (2013)

Sensitivity is a key factor in the improvement of nanoparticle-based biosensors. Bowtie nanoantennae have shown high sensitivity for both surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)- and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-based biosensing. In this work, optical bowtie nanoantennae with varying geometries were simulated, fabricated, and characterized. We successfully fabricated sub-5 nm gaps between prisms. The gap between prisms, the prism size, and the radius of curvature of the prism corners were characterized for their effects on the optical and electromagnetic properties. Bowties were characterized using LSPR, SERS, and photochemical near-field imaging. The results indicate that the radius of curvature of the prism corners has an important effect on the SERS abilities of a nanoparticle array. The trends described herein can be utilized to intelligently design highly sensitive SERS and LSPR biosensing substrates.
Meniscal biology in health and disease (2016)

The knee is a fascinating yet complex joint. Researchers and clinicians agree that the joint is an organ comprised of highly specialized intrinsic and extrinsic tissues contributing to both health and disease. Key to the function and movement of the knee are the menisci, exquisite fibrocartilage structures that are critical structures for maintaining biological and biomechanical integrity of the joint. The biological/physiological functions of the menisci must be understood at the tissue, cellular and even molecular levels in order to determine clinically relevant methods for assessing it and influencing it. By investigating normal and pathological functions at the basic science level, we can begin to translate data to patients. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of this translational pathway so that progression toward improved diagnostic, preventative, and therapeutic strategies can be effectively pursued. We have thoroughly examined the pathobiological, biomarker, and imaging aspects of meniscus research. This translational approach can be effective toward optimal diagnosis, prevention, and treatment for the millions of patients who suffer from meniscal disorders each year.
Bacterial Spore Antigens: a Review (1962)

SUMMARY: Agglutinogens and precipitinogens have been detected in the spores of many species of aerobic and anaerobic spore-formers and these antigens are distinct from those of the vegetative growth phases of the corresponding organisms. Spore antigens are heat resistant and antibody response is elicited by the injection of autoclaved spores into rabbits. Injection of living spores leads to the development of antibodies reacting with vegetative cell antigens in addition to spore antibodies. Agglutinogens tend to show subspecies distribution in some aerobic species but spore precipitinogens appear to be mainly species specific in aerobes. Less information is available about anaerobes where a similar pattern of specificity is suggested. Data about the antigenic structure of the spore and the antigenic changes accompanying sporulation and germination are scant; it is in these aspects of the subject that the most significant progress is to be anticipated.
Secreted Indicators of Androgen Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer Pre-Clinical Models. (2021)

Abstract Purpose. Accumulating evidence has attracted attention to the androgen receptor (AR) as a biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer. We hypothesized that AR activity within the tumor has clinical implications and investigated whether androgen responsive serum factors might serve as a minimally invasive indicator of tumor AR activity. Methods. Based on a comprehensive gene expression analysis of an AR-positive breast cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, 163 dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-responsive genes were defined as an androgen responsive gene set. Among them, we focused on genes that were DHT-responsive that encode secreted proteins, namely KLK3 , AZGP1 and PIP , that encode the secreted factors prostate specific antigen (PSA), zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) and prolactin induced protein (PIP), respectively. Using AR-positive breast cancer cell lines, expression of candidate factors was assessed in response to agonist DHT and antagonist enzalutamide. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed on publically available gene expression datasets from breast cancer patients to analyze the relationship between genes encoding the secreted factors and other androgen responsive gene sets. Results. Anti-androgen treatment decreased proliferation in all cell lines tested representing various tumor subtypes. Expression of the secreted factors was regulated by AR activation in the majority of breast cancer cell lines. In GSEA, the candidate genes were positively correlated with an androgen responsive gene set across breast cancer subtypes. Conclusion. KLK3 , AZGP1 and PIP are AR regulated and reflect tumor AR activity. Further investigations are needed to examine the potential efficacy of these factors as serum biomarkers.
Inclusion Fracture in Model Aluminium Alloy Characterized by Acoustic Emission and X‐Ray Tomography (2010)

International audience
Reliable Recovery of Hierarchically Sparse Signals for Gaussian and Kronecker Product Measurements (2020)

We propose and analyze a solution to the problem of recovering a block sparse signal with sparse blocks from linear measurements. Such problems naturally emerge inter alia in the context of mobile communication, in order to meet the scalability and low complexity requirements of massive antenna systems and massive machine-type communication. We introduce a new variant of the Hard Thresholding Pursuit (HTP) algorithm referred to as HiHTP. We provide both a proof of convergence and a recovery guarantee for noisy Gaussian measurements that exhibit an improved asymptotic scaling in terms of the sampling complexity in comparison with the usual HTP algorithm. Furthermore, hierarchically sparse signals and Kronecker product structured measurements naturally arise together in a variety of applications. We establish the efficient reconstruction of hierarchically sparse signals from Kronecker product measurements using the HiHTP algorithm. Additionally, we provide analytical results that connect our recovery conditions to generalized coherence measures. Again, our recovery results exhibit substantial improvement in the asymptotic sampling complexity scaling over the standard setting. Finally, we validate in numerical experiments that for hierarchically sparse signals, HiHTP performs significantly better compared to HTP.
ChemInform Abstract: The Fluoride Route: A Good Opportunity for the Preparation of 2D and 3D Inorganic Microporous Frameworks (2012)

Abstract Review: emphasis on silica‐, germanium‐, and phosphate‐based microporous materials; 23 refs.
The Menpo Benchmark for Multi-pose 2D and 3D Facial Landmark Localisation and Tracking (2018)

In this article, we present the Menpo 2D and Menpo 3D benchmarks, two new datasets for multi-pose 2D and 3D facial landmark localisation and tracking. In contrast to the previous benchmarks such as 300W and 300VW, the proposed benchmarks contain facial images in both semi-frontal and profile pose. We introduce an elaborate semi-automatic methodology for providing high-quality annotations for both the Menpo 2D and Menpo 3D benchmarks. In Menpo 2D benchmark, different visible landmark configurations are designed for semi-frontal and profile faces, thus making the 2D face alignment full-pose. In Menpo 3D benchmark, a united landmark configuration is designed for both semi-frontal and profile faces based on the correspondence with a 3D face model, thus making face alignment not only full-pose but also corresponding to the realworld 3D space. Based on the considerable number of annotated images, we organised Menpo 2D Challenge and Menpo 3D Challenge for face alignment under large pose variations in conjunction with CVPR 2017 and ICCV 2017, respectively. The results of these challenges demonstrate that recent deep learning architectures, when trained with the abundant data, lead to excellent results. We also provide a very simple, yet effective solution, named Cascade Multi-view Hourglass Model, to 2D and 3D face alignment. In our method, we take advantage of all 2D and 3D facial landmark annotations in a joint way. We not only capitalise on the correspondences between the semi-frontal and profile 2D facial landmarks but also employ joint supervision from both 2D and 3D facial landmarks. Finally, we discuss future directions on the topic of face alignment.
Non-Lymphoma Hematological Malignancies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2013)

In this large SLE cohort, the most common non-lymphoma hematological malignancies were myeloid types (MDS and AML). This is in contrast to the general population, where lymphoid types are 1.7 times more common than myeloid non-lymphoma hematological malignancies. Most (80%) multiple myeloma cases occurred in blacks; this requires further investigation.