gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Antihypertrophic effect of dihydropyridines calcium channel blockers is dependent on their potential of blocking N-type calcium channel]. (2010)

Antihypertrophic effect of DHEs on myocardium is dependent on their potential of blocking N-type calcium channel, and the underlying mechanism involves the sympathetic inhibition.
The broadcast approach under mixed delay constraints (2012)

This work considers the problem of transmitting two streams with different delay constraints over a single input single output slowly flat fading channel, where only the receiver has perfect channel state information (CSI). One stream has stringent delay constraints, while the other stream has a relaxed delay constraint. This is modeled by a block fading channel for the first stream, where a broadcast approach is employed. The second stream is encoded over a longer block and views an ergodic fading channel. Several encoding and decoding strategies are considered. In all cases the delay constrained stream is decoded in presence of the other stream, which can be decoded only after its long codeword is fully received. The non-delay constrained part is decoded after canceling out the first stream from the received signal. We derive here a closed form solution for the optimal layering power distribution, which maximizes the expected sum-rate, where the layering is employed on the delay constrained stream.
ChemInform Abstract: Tube‐in‐Tube and Wire‐in‐Tube Nano Building Blocks: Towards the Realization of Multifunctional Nanoelectronic Devices. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mitogenic Activity on Parathyroid Cells in Plasma From Members of a Large Kindred With Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (1988)

We tested plasma from 83 members of a large kindred with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (FMEN1) for mitogenic activity on cultured bovine parathyroid cells. We evaluated the age dependency of parathyroid mitogenic activity (PMA) in plasma from affected and unaffected members of the kindred, and we analyzed the relation of plasma PMA to indices of activity of parathyroid, pancreatic islet, and anterior pituitary tissue. Plasma PMA was higher in members expressing the FMEN1 gene than in their unaffected first, second, third, or fourth degree relatives (P less than 0.05), and 10 of 20 members expressing the FMEN1 gene had plasma PMA above the 95% limit of the control range. Plasma PMA was not dependent on sex or age; the lack of age dependency and the high values in FMEN1 gene carriers suggested that plasma PMA is elevated in some FMEN1 gene carriers very early in life. Plasma PMA in known gene carriers varied significantly with one index of parathyroid function [plasma PMA was 2.5 times higher in the group with than in the group without prior parathyroidectomy (P less than 0.005), an indicator of more severe prior parathyroid disease] and correlated positively, although not significantly so, with indices of pancreatic islet function (serum gastrin by RIA) and anterior pituitary function (serum PRL by RIA). In summary, (1) plasma PMA levels are high in many known carriers of the FMEN1 gene, (2) the high plasma PMA levels in FMEN1 may precede overt endocrine hyperfunction; and (3) high plasma PMA levels vary with one index of parathyroid function, but do not correlate with indices of pancreatic islet or anterior pituitary function in members expressing the FMEN1 gene. The high plasma PMA levels in FMEN1 may be the direct cause of hyperfunction of the parathyroids, but the relation of high plasma PMA to hyperfunction of the pancreatic islets and anterior pituitary is uncertain.
Initial Safety and Efficacy Results of a Second-Generation Humanized Anti-CD20 Antibody, IMMU-106 (hA20), in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. (2005)

Abstract Background. Infusion reactions, prolonged infusion times and immunogenicity of the chimeric anti-CD20 antibody, rituximab, may in part be related to its murine component. The humanized anti-CD20 antibody, IMMU-106 (hA20), may offer potential advantages because only the CDRs are of murine origin and the remaining &amp;gt;90% human framework regions are identical to humanized anti-CD22 IgG1 antibody epratuzumab, whose safety and short infusion times have been reported. Methods. An open-label, multicenter, phase I/II, dose escalation study conducted in patients with recurrent B cell lymphoma to establish the safety, tolerance, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of hA20 administered once weekly for 4 doses. Results. Twenty patients (11 M/9 F, 40–81 y.o) with grade 1–2 follicular (n=16) or other CD20+ B-cell lymphomas (mantle cell, small lymphocytic, marginal zone x 2) were enrolled in the dose escalation portion of this study, receiving 120 mg/m2 (n=7), 200 mg/m2 (n=6), 375 mg/m2 (n=4) or 750 mg/m2 (n=3) weekly x 4. These patients had previously received 1-7 prior therapies (median, 2.5), including treatments with one (n=12) or 2–4 (n=6) rituximab-containing regimens (without progression within 6 months). Five patients (25%) had grade 1–2 infusion reactions predominantly with first hA20 infusion. Median infusion times for 375 mg/m2 of hA20 were 3.3 hours for first infusion, 2.0 hours for subsequent infusions, and were generally shorter at lower doses. Standard laboratory values obtained at each infusion were generally observed to be within normal limits, and human anti-human antibody (HAHA) serum evaluations are negative to date. Peripheral blood B-cell depletion occurred after first infusion and persisted for samples obtained up to 12 weeks following fourth infusion with analysis ongoing. Pharmacokinetic results after first and fourth infusions demonstrate a mean antibody serum half-life of 5.3 ± 5.3 and 12.0 ± 8.7 days, respectively. To date, of 15 pts with at least one post-treatment assessments now completed, there are at least 8 objective responses (53%) by Cheson criteria, including 6 patients (40%) with complete responses [CR, CRu] at a median follow-up of 12 weeks. Complete responses have been observed at all dose levels, including 3/7 patients receiving 120 mg/m2/wk. Conclusion. This study demonstrates the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of this humanized anti-CD20 antibody administered weekly for 4 doses, mostly to patients with follicular lymphomas who relapsed after rituximab-containing regimens. The demonstration of CRs, tolerability, and relatively short infusion times is encouraging. This study is continuing and expanding to assess the durability of responses and the optimal dose for subsequent studies.
Literature review of physical and chemical pretreatment processes for lignocellulosic biomass (2010)

Different pretreatment technologies published in public literature are described in terms of the mechanisms involved, advantages and disadvantages, and economic assessment. Pretreatment technologies for lignocellulosic biomass include biological, mechanical, chemical methods and various combinations thereof. The choice of the optimum pretreatment process depends very much on the objective of the biomass pretreatment, its economic assessment and environmental impact. Only a small number of pretreatment methods has been reported as being potentially cost-effective thus far. These include steam explosion, liquid hot water, concentrated acid hydrolysis and dilute acid pretreatments.
Bulk microstructure and local elastic properties of carbon nanocomposites studied by impulse acoustic microscopy technique (2016)

Bulk microstructure and elastic properties of epoxy-nanocarbon nanocomposites for diverse types and different content of carbon nanofiller has been studied by using impulse acoustic microscopy technique. It has been shown occurrence of various types of mesoscopic structure formed by nanoparticles inside the bulk of nanocomposite materials, including nanoparticle conglomerates and nanoparticle aerogel systems. In spite of the bulk microstructure, nanocarbon composites demonstrate elastic uniformity and negligible influence of nanofiller on elastic properties of carbon nanocomposite materials.
Korona, koti ja kontrolli: väkivaltatyöntekijöiden näkemyksiä lähisuhdeväkivallan kohteina olleiden avun saamisen haasteista korona-aikana (2021)

Domestic violence is a serious global social and health problem as well as a human rights issue. Studies show that intimate partner violence has typically increased in the context of social crises such as pandemics and natural disasters. The prevalence of domestic violence has also increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The United Nations has identified violence against women and children as a shadow pandemic of COVID-19. Recommendations and restrictions to avoid social contact have been justified when preventing the spread of the virus. However, social isolation has put victims of domestic violence in a more vulnerable position. This article explores the challenges of seeking and receiving help during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data consist of interviews with shelter employees from 1/2020 to 2/2021 as well as shelters’ weekly reports that consider the effects of COVID-19 on shelter work and customer situations. The results show that, during the lockdown, victims of violence have lived under the control and supervision of the perpetrator without access to assistance and support services. Although the amount of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased, the number of people coming to shelters has decreased in Finland since the pandemic began. The threats and fears associated with the virus, as well as the isolation related to the restrictions, the possibility of coercive control, and forms of digital violence pose significant challenges for both seeking help and sheltering provision. Knowledge of how the pandemic affects experiences of violence, services, and opportunities to provide and receive services is vital for targeting interventions and ensuring access to support and services
ChemInform Abstract: DARST. UND STRUKTUR VON THIAZYL‐BIS‐(TRIFLUORMETHYL)‐NITROXIDEN, KRISTALLSTRUKTUR VON (NSON(CF3)2)4 (1971)

Abstract Flüssiges Bis‐(trifluomethyl)‐nitroxid (I) bildet mit Tetraschwefeltetranitrid (II) die tetramere Verbindung (III).
Imaging prodromal Parkinson disease (2014)

Subjects with DAT deficit who do not meet criteria for a diagnosis of PD can be identified by olfactory testing. Sequential biomarker assessment may identify those at risk of PD. Selecting hyposmic individuals enriches the population for DAT deficit, and combining hyposmia with other potential risk factors (male sex, constipation) increases the percentage of subjects with a DAT deficit compatible with prodromal PD.
Sequential release of salidroside and paeonol from a nanosphere-hydrogel system inhibits ultraviolet B-induced melanogenesis in guinea pig skin (2014)

Melanin is the one of most important pigments for skin color in mammals. Excessive biosynthesis of melanin induces various pigment disorders. Much effort has been made to develop regulators to minimize skin pigmentation abnormalities. However, only a few of them are used, primarily because of safety concerns and low efficiency. In this study, we aimed to construct a novel nanosphere-gel for sequential delivery of salidroside and paeonol, to investigate the synergistic effects of these drugs in anti-melanogenesis, and to decrease their potential for toxicity in high dosage. Nanospheres were prepared and characterized for their particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and morphological properties. The optimized nanospheres were incorporated in carbomer hydrogel with both paeonol and salidroside entrapped to form a dual drug-releasing nanosphere-gel. With this nanosphere-gel, rapid release of salidroside from the hydrogel followed by sustained release of paeonol from the nanosphere was achieved. Using a classical model of the melanogenesis response to ultraviolet exposure, it was shown that the anti-melanogenesis effects of the dual drug-releasing system, in which the doses of the individual drugs were decreased by half, was obviously enhanced when compared with the effects of the single drug preparations. Mechanistically, the burst release of salidroside from the hydrogel may enable prompt suppression of melanocyte proliferation on exposure to ultraviolet B radiation, while the paeonol released in a sustained manner can provide continuous inhibition of tyrosinase activity in melanocytes. Combined delivery of salidroside and paeonol was demonstrated to be a promising strategy for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of these agents in anti-melanogenesis and reducing their toxicity, so may have great potential in nanomedicine.
CHK2-Dependent Phosphorylation of BRCA1 in Hypoxia (2006)

Gibson, S. L., Bindra, R. S. and Glazer, P. M. CHK2-Dependent Phosphorylation of BRCA1 in Hypoxia. Radiat. Res. 166, 646–651 (2006).Hypoxia induces a diverse spectrum of changes in the expression and activity of numerous DNA repair factors within the tumor microenvironment. In particular, we and others have shown that hypoxia induces phosphorylation and activation of the checkpoint kinase, CHK2, in an ATM-dependent manner. One downstream target of CHK2, the BRCA1 protein, plays a critical role in both DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint regulation in mammalian cells. Here we report that BRCA1 is specifically phosphorylated on Serine 988 in response to hypoxic stress, and phosphorylation at this site is dependent on CHK2 expression. These findings enhance our understanding of ATM-CHK2 pathway activation in hypoxia, and they identify a novel role for BRCA1 in the response to hypoxic stress.
Transcriptional Regulation of Adipocyte Hormone-Sensitive Lipase by Glucose (2002)

Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue, thus determining the supply of energy substrates in the body. HSL mRNA was positively regulated by glucose in human adipocytes. Pools of stably transfected 3T3-F442A adipocytes were generated with human adipocyte HSL promoter fragments from -2,400/+38 to -31/+38 bp linked to the luciferase gene. A glucose-responsive region was mapped within the proximal promoter (-137 bp). Electromobility shift assays showed that upstream stimulatory factor (USF)-1 and USF2 and Sp1 and Sp3 bound to a consensus E-box and two GC-boxes in the -137-bp region. Cotransfection of the -137/+38 construct with USF1 and USF2 expression vectors produced enhanced luciferase activity. Moreover, HSL mRNA levels were decreased in USF1- and USF2-deficient mice. Site-directed mutagenesis of the HSL promoter showed that the GC-boxes, although contributing to basal promoter activity, were dispensable for glucose responsiveness. Mutation of the E-box led to decreased promoter activity and suppression of the glucose response. Analogs and metabolites were used to determine the signal metabolite of the glucose response. The signal is generated downstream of glucose-6-phosphate in the glycolytic pathway before the triose phosphate step.
[Historical course of surgery in rectal cancer in Japan]. (1988)

Rectal cancer surgery in Japan started to first step of Lisfranc type resection by T. Sato in 1887. Since H. Ito (1902) published in success of three cases of abdominosacral excision (ASE), ASE occupied the main position of rectal cancer surgery in Japan. In 1944, however, M. Kuru reported the superiority of abdominoperineal resection (APR), an orient of surgery had changed to APR from ASE with time. His operative mortality was 2.0% or less, and 5-year survival rate was more than 50%. D. Jinnai (1961) introduced endorectal pull-through operation, and in 1972 he exhibited an excellent survival and satisfying function following sphincter preserving operation, such as anterior resection and pull-through, for mid and upper rectal cancer. T. Kajitani (1975) and Y. Koyama (1977) improved the survivals through an extended pelvic nodes dissection. Today, the principle of rectal cancer surgery in Japan is a limited resection for early cancer, sphincter preserving operations for upper and mid-rectal cancer and extended pelvic nodes dissection for advanced lower rectal cancer.
Investigation of front-end requirements for MIMO-systems using downlink pre-distortion (2003)

In this paper the influence of front-end imperfections on the reciprocity of the entire up- and downlink system frequency responses is studied for systems with single- or multi-antenna transmitters and receivers. Based on a scattering matrix approach, front-end influences such as unequal transceiver gains and antenna mismatching are integrated into the base band system frequency responses which are used for examination of hardware requirements and calibration procedures. Additionally, some link-level simulations are performed for a joint pre-distortion system with single-antenna users and a multi-antenna base station.
Analysis of Linked Human ɛ and γ Transgenes: Effect of Locus Control Region Hypersensitive Sites 2 and 3 or a Distal YY1 Mutation on Stage-Specific Expression Patterns (1999)

Stage-specific expression of the human beta-like globin genes is controlled by interactions between regulatory elements near the individual genes and additional elements located upstream in the Locus Control Region (LCR). Elucidation of the mechanisms that govern these interactions could suggest strategies to reactivate fetal (gamma) or embryonic (epsilon) genes in individuals with severe hemoglobinopathies. This study extends an earlier analysis of a transgenic construct, HS3epsilon gamma, testing: (A) the effect of substitution of HS2 for HS3 on stage-specific expression of the epsilon and gamma genes and, (B) the role of an evolutionarily conserved YY1 binding site in transcriptional regulation of the gamma gene. The data show that both HS3epsilon gamma and HS2epsilon gamma can individually support embryonic expression of epsilon and fetal expression of Agamma. Thus, the cis regulators of distinct expression patterns for epsilon and gamma are likely to reside near the genes, rather than in specific hypersensitive sites of the LCR. Alterations in Agamma expression patterns observed in transgenic lines carrying a construct with a mutation in a conserved YY1 binding site at -1086 indicate that this site might function to facilitate active transcription of the gamma gene in fetal life.
Model-Driven Video-Based Rendering for Vehicles (2006)

We present a video-based rendering (VBR) method that creates arbitrary views of the scene from images captured by a single un-calibrated camera. The system is model-based and focused on a single object class, specifically vehicles in this paper. The procedure has three main steps. First, the object is rapidly modeled from a single image using a simple interactive tool. The modeling tool creates high quality 3D models by facilitating constrained modifications to a generic model of the object class. Secondly, the dynamic object is tracked in the video sequence and the pose of the object is recorded. The tracking and pose estimation leverage the 3D model to ensure high accuracy. Lastly, the surrounding scene is modeled as a textured piece-wise planar approximation. A free-viewpoint rendering of the video (4D video) is then produced as needed for special effects or virtual reality applications. The versatility and effectiveness of our approach to modeling and rendering is demonstrated on the object class of vehicles.
ChemInform Abstract: BUTADIENE VIA OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION (1979)

Abstract Die Petro‐Tex beschreibt die seit 1965 kommerziell bewährte oxidative Dehydrierung (Oxo‐D) von n‐Buten im Gemisch mit Wasserdampf, Luft oder Sauerstoff an einem Fixbettreaktor zu Butadien.
Experimental evaluation of pathogenicity of Lactococcus garvieae in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) (2004)

Black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) is an important mariculture species in Korea. The production of this fish is drastically declined due to bacterial diseases, particularly streptococcosis caused by Lactococcus garvieae. The bacterial surface characteristics of SJ7 and TY6 were found to have capsule but not NB13 and YS18. The experiential evaluation of L. garvieae pathogenicity, the capsular isolates showed high cumulative mortality i.e. SJ7 (100%) and TY6 (60%) compared to non-capsular isolates. Based on this result the capsular isolates L. garvieae were highly suspected as the causative agent of streptococcosis in rockfish.
Clinical and portal hemodynamic features in cirrhotic patients having a large spontaneous spleno- and gastrorenal shunt. (1985)

自然に形成された巨大脾腎あるいは胃腎短絡路を有する肝硬変28例(巨大短絡路群,細小肝癌合併2例を含む)の臨床的,肝血行学的特徴を巨大門脈側副血行路を有さない肝硬変症30例(コントロール群,細小肝癌合併2例を含む)と対比し検討した.反復性肝性脳症は巨大短絡路群の約半数にみられたが,コントロール群ではみられなかった.コントロール群に較べて,巨大短絡路群で食道静脈瘤の程度は軽く,食道静脈瘤出血の既往を有する者も少なかった.反復性肝性脳症を示す者ではこの傾向が更に顕著であった.門脈血流量,肝容積はコントロール群,巨大短絡路群の中で反復性肝性脳症を示さない者,反復性肝性脳症を示す者の順に著明に減少していた.反復性肝性脳症を示す者では上腸間膜静脈血の一部が脾静脈,脾腎短絡路へと流入し,その流入量は門脈血流量に匹適するか,それを越える量であった,
The Politics of Welfare Retrenchment: Evidence from Mass Medicaid Disenrollment in Two States (2022)

Abstract In 2005, Missouri and Tennessee tightened eligibility for their public health insurance programs, resulting in widespread coverage losses. Leveraging county-level variation in subsequent disenrollment, I show that voters in Tennessee punished the incumbent governor for the Medicaid cuts. In Missouri, by contrast, disenrollment had no impact on the subsequent gubernatorial election but did increase support for Democrats in 2006 state legislative elections, possibly due to the strategic entry and exit of candidates. In both states, the loss of Medicaid coverage was associated with lower support for Democratic presidential candidates, although these declines appear part of a longer-term trend that preceded the coverage loss. The results speak to the potential political costs of welfare spending cuts and the electoral consequences of reducing income-targeted social programs.
Clinical Radiology: The Essentials (1992)

Written in an engaging, easy-to-read style, Clinical Radiology covers the topics most often included in introductory radiology courses and emphasizes clinical problem solving. The text offers guidelines for selecting imaging studies in specific clinical situations and takes a systematic approach to imaging interpretation, presenting a review of normal anatomy, technical and pathologic considerations, and diagnostic advice. The Fourth Edition includes: new! full-color design and illustrations; 50 new images, updated to reflect the latest technology; expanded coverage of neurotoxicity and radiation exposure; additional Diagnostic Pearls included in each chapter; and bonus online material, including case studies, slides, and additional radiological images.
Experimental Comparison of Digital Implementations of Single-Phase PFC Controllers (2008)

This paper presents the design and the digital implementation of three controllers for a single-phase power factor corrector (PFC). Based on an averaged system model, an adaptive nonlinear control strategy is first designed, followed by a digital redesign of the standard cascaded linear controller and a notch-filter-based variant. All three controllers have been verified via simulation in Simulink using a continuous time plant model and a discrete time controller. Real-time implementation is performed on an experimental testbed utilizing a rapid prototyping tool. The three controllers are experimentally compared for steady-state performance and transient response. It is shown that the nonlinear controller gives a better steady-state performance, whereas the linear strategy and the notch-filter-based variant have a faster dynamic response. Furthermore, although the notch-filter-based linear design shows promise in simulation, practical difficulties degrade its experimental performance. Performance metrics are tabulated for easy comparison.