gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Role of Junctional Adhesion Molecules in Interactions Between Vascular Cells (2006)

Adhesive interactions between cells regulate tissue integrity as well as the process of inflammatory cell recruitment. Such intercellular interactions are regulated by adhesion receptors and can be homotypic, that is, between cells of the same type, for example, between adjacent endothelial cells in the vasculature, as well as heterotypic, that is, between different cells, such as the leukocyte endothelial interactions that take place during leukocyte extravasation. Emerging evidence points to the importance of the family of junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs), which are localized in interendothelial contacts and are implicated in the regulation of leukocyte extravasation. JAMs are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily and can undergo both homophilic and heterophilic interactions. This chapter deals with the role of JAMs in the regulation of adhesive interactions between vascular cells.
Si wafer bending technology for a three dimensional micro optical bench (2003)

A new technique for Si wafer bending is developed for making a 3D micro optical bench (MOB). This method has freedom in the bending angle by changing the jig. This in combination with the usual machining technique eliminates the complex micromachining process, taking advantage of the 3D structure.
Synthesis of cisapride, a gastrointestinal stimulant derived from cis‐4‐amino‐3‐methoxypiperidine (1986)

Abstract A novel synthon, 3‐hydroxy‐4,4‐dimethoxy‐ N ‐phenylmethylpiperidine, is reported on for the preparation of 3‐oxygenated‐4‐substituted piperidines. Different synthetic approaches are described for the synthesis of cis and trans 3‐hydroxy‐ or 3‐methoxy‐1‐substituted‐4‐piperidinamines. The pharmacological properties of benzamides derived from these piperidinamines were evaluated. Several compounds showed a marked activity in tests indicative of potential gastrokinetic activity and were found to be free of dopamine (DA) antagonism. Compounds 31 (cisapride) and 35 were selected for further detailed pharmacological studies.
Comparing the emissive dipole orientation of two similar phosphorescent green emitter molecules in highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes (2012)

We investigate the average orientation of the transition dipole moments of two green phosphorescent emitters Ir(ppy)3 and Ir(ppy)2(acac) embedded in a CBP matrix, using in-situ angle resolved electroluminescence spectroscopy and optical simulations. The dipole orientation of Ir(ppy)3 is nearly isotropic while 77% of the dipoles are horizontally aligned for Ir(ppy)2(acac). Optimized organic light-emitting diodes based on these emitters achieve external quantum efficiencies of 18.3% (Ir(ppy)3) and 21.7% (Ir(ppy)2(acac)). This difference is partially explained by the different dipole orientations.
Linear prediction models with graph regularization for web-page categorization (2006)

We present a risk minimization formulation for learning from both text and graph structures which is motivated by the problem of collective inference for hypertext document categorization. The method is based on graph regularization formulated as a well-formed convex optimization problem. We present numerical algorithms for our formulation, and show that such combination of local text features and link information can lead to improved predictive accuracy.
Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions of Evolution Equations and the Construction of Holomorphic Retractions (1998)

Abstract We first study the asymptotic behavior of nonlinear semigroups with holomorphic generators, and then use our results, inter alia, to construct holomorphic retractions onto the fixed point sets of holomorphic self‐mappings of bounded convex domains in a complex Banach space.
Rapid development of intestinal cell damage following severe trauma: a prospective observational cohort study (2009)

This study reveals early presence of intestinal epithelial cell damage in trauma patients. The extent of intestinal damage is associated with the presence of shock and injury severity. Early intestinal damage precedes and is related to the subsequent developing inflammatory response.
Horrendous capacity cost of semiconductor wafer manufacturing (2014)

Semiconductor wafer manufacturing, being one of the most advanced and complex process, commands high level of utilization of the available tools to ensure maximum productivity. It is also very important to keep the operations as lean as possible to ensure cost effectiveness. In this research we will show that the cost additional capacity is outrages. This is the main reason more and more companies are opting out of fab owners club. Others are scaling down and going fables and fab-light. Capacity utilization and capacity maximization is the key to a successful fab. Fabs continuously look for ways to increase the capacity by improving productivity. Beyond certain productivity level, fabs must spend on purchasing tools. Semiconductor tools are expensive and in many cases there will be a need to spend in the support infrastructure. The escalating cost really brings out the creativity and innovation among the fab engineers. This paper discusses what actions are taken to address or mitigate this issue. The research is based on some available data from SilTerra Malaysia S dn Bhd wafer fab in Kulim.
Differential proteomics analysis of amniotic fluid in pregnancies of increased nuchal translucency with normal karyotype (2011)

The combination of using quantitative proteomics and functional network analysis could integrally analyze the pathophysiology of fetuses with increased NT.
Impact of cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury on 1-year major adverse kidney events (2023)

Any-stage CSA-AKI is associated with a risk of MAKE after 1 year. Further research into new measures that identify at-risk patients is needed so that appropriate patient follow-up can be carried out.
Lipid-Core Micelles for Targeted Drug Delivery (2005)

Micelles, self-assembling nanosized colloidal particles with a hydrophobic core and hydrophilic shell are currently successfully used for the solubilization of various poorly soluble pharmaceuticals and demonstrate a series of attractive properties as drug carriers. Polymeric micelles, i.e. micelles formed by amphiphilic block co-polymers possess high stability both in vitro and in vivo and good biocompatibility. Among those micelles, lipid-core micelles, i.e. micelles formed by conjugates of soluble copolymers with lipids (such as polyethylene glycol-phosphatidyl ethanolamine conjugate, PEG-PE) are of special interest. These micelles can effectively solubilize a broad variety of poorly soluble drugs (anticancer drugs in particular) and diagnostic agents. Drug-loaded lipid-core micelles can spontaneously target body areas with compromised vasculature (tumors, infarcts) via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Lipid-core mixed micelles containing certain specific components (such as positively charged lipids) are capable of escaping endosomes delivering incorporated drugs directly into the cell cytoplasm. Various specific targeting ligand molecules (such as antibodies) can be attached to the surface of the lipid-core micelles and bring drug-loaded micelles to and into target cells. Lipid-core micelles carrying various reporter (contrast) groups may become the imaging agents of choice in different imaging modalities.
Diastereoselective Ortho-Metalation of Stereogenic Ferrocenylphosphine Oxides. Asymmetric Synthesis of the First Enantiopure Phosphorus-Chiral 2,2‘-Bis(diarylphosphino)-1,1‘-biferrocenyls (2000)

Two novel phosphorus-chiral ligands, 2,2‘-bis(arylphenylphosphino)-1,1‘-biferrocenyls 1a (aryl = 1-naphthyl) and 1b (aryl = 2-biphenylyl), have been prepared in enantiopure form by stereoselective multistep synthesis. While asymmetry on phosphorus was established via nucleophilic substitution reactions at borane-protected phosphorus centers, ortho-iodination of the derived optically pure ferrocenylphosphine oxides served as the key step for the introduction of planar chirality. Utilizing biphenylylphenylphosphinoxyferrocene, 5b, the latter reaction was found to proceed in a highly diastereoselective manner, resulting in a product distribution of 97:3. The absolute configuration of the predominantly formed diastereomer was confirmed by crystal structure analysis of the Ullmann-coupled bis(arylphenylphosphinoxy)biferrocenyl 6b (aryl = biphenylyl). Reduction of dioxides 6a (aryl = 1-naphthyl) and 6b gave rise to the enantiopure C2-symmetrical title compounds comprising four adjacent stereocenters. The coordination behavior of 1a was investigated by a crystal structure determination of its Pt(II) dichloride complex 8a and compared with the structure of complex 8c, bearing the related 1,1‘-bis(1-naphthylphenylphosphino)ferrocene ligand 1c.
Interfacial instabilities in a microfluidic Hele-Shaw cell (2008)

This paper describes surfactant-sensitive, dynamic instabilities that occur to aqueous droplets translating in a continuous flow of hexadecane in a microfluidic Hele-Shaw cell (HSC). A very low interfacial tension (on the order of 0.01 mN m-1) between water and hexadecane allowed for deformation of the droplets along the fields of flow and tip-streaming from moving droplets. In the system of water and hexadecane that we investigated, the use of surfactants in both fluids was necessary to achieve interfacial tension sufficiently low for the instabilities to occur. The droplets entering the HSC stretched orthogonally to the main direction of flow into elongated shapes, with aspect ratios greater than ten to one (width to length). These droplets exhibited two types of instabilities. The first included elongation of droplets, and Rayleigh-Plateau instabilities in the stretched droplets. Arrays of these stretched droplets formed three characteristic patterns that depended on the rates of flow of water and hexadecane. The second was driven by the shear stress exerted on the interface between the two fluids by the top and bottom boundaries of the HSC; this instability is named a "shear-driven instability" (SDI). Our observations supported that the SDI-an effect similar to tip-streaming-resulted from a redistribution of surfactants at the interface between the two fluids.
High speed and highly efficient Si optical modulator with MOS junction for 1.55 &#x00B5;m and 1.3 &#x00B5;m wavelengths (2013)

We developed a high speed and high efficiency Si optical modulator (Si-MOD) with a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) junction by applying the low optical loss and low resistivity of the poly-Si gate. We designed the optimum Si-MOD structure and demonstrated a very high modulation efficiency of 0.28-0.30 Vcm, which is one of the most efficient in Si-MODs with MOS junctions. We also demonstrated a high speed of 15-25 Gbps for the Si-MOD for both the 1.55 μm and 1.3 μm wavelengths.
A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis with Various Implant Designs (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Nonlinear state and tire force estimation for advanced vehicle control (1995)

Vehicle motion and tire force histories are estimated from an incomplete, noise-corrupted measurement set using an extended Kalman filter. A nine degree-of-freedom vehicle model and an analytic tire force model are used to simulate true vehicle motion, and a five degree-of-freedom vehicle model is used in the estimator. The filtered histories of forces and motion can be used to construct tire force models through off-line analysis, and both tire force estimates and state estimates are available for real time control. No prior knowledge of tire force characteristics or external factors that affect vehicle motion is required for the nonlinear estimation procedure. Simulation of a simple slip control braking system using slip and slip angle estimates for feedback demonstrates the effectiveness of the extended Kalman filter in providing adequate state estimates for advanced control of ground vehicles.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Synergistic antioxidant effect of green tea polyphenols with α-tocopherol on free radical initiated peroxidation of linoleic acid in micelles (2000)

The antioxidant effect of the main polyphenolic components extracted from green tea leaves, i.e., (−)-epicatechin (EC), (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and gallic acid (GA), against peroxidation of linoleic acid has been studied in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles. The peroxidation was initiated thermally by a water-soluble azo initiator 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AMPAD) and the reaction kinetics were followed by formation of linoleic acid hydroperoxides and consumption of the antioxidant. Kinetic analysis of the antioxidation process demonstrates that these green tea polyphenols are effective antioxidants in micelles used either alone or in combination with α-tocopherol (vitamin E). The antioxidative action may involve trapping the initiating radicals in the bulk water phase, trapping the propagating lipid peroxyl radicals on the surface of the micelle and regenerating α-tocopherol by reducing α-tocopheroxyl radical. The antioxidant activity of these green tea polyphenols depends significantly on the microenvironment of the reaction medium, the oxidation potential and the size of the molecule.
Coca Paste: Chemical Analysis and Smoking Experiments (1991)

Several samples of Colombian and a sample of Peruvian coca paste were subjected to chemical analysis to ascertain the complexity of these products. A neutral and acid fraction and a basic fraction were analyzed by gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC/FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The basic fraction was also analyzed as its trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivative. Several gasoline residue components were identified in the neutral fraction. In addition to cocaine (greater than 60% in all cases), other alkaloids were identified. Lead and manganese analyses were carried out on these samples. While all the samples contained no lead (less than 45 ppm), most of the Colombian samples contained significant amounts of manganese (greater than 5%). Preliminary smoking experiments with a Colombian coca paste sample indicated that it behaves more like free cocaine than like a cocaine sulfate salt.
pp125 FAK -Dependent Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Paxillin Creates a High-Affinity Binding Site for Crk (1995)

Paxillin, a focal-adhesion-associated protein, becomes phosphorylated in response to a number of stimuli which also induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of the focal-adhesion-associated protein tyrosine kinase pp125FAK. On the basis of their colocalization and coordinate phosphorylation, paxillin is a candidate for a substrate of pp125FAK. We describe here conditions under which the phosphorylation of paxillin on tyrosine is pp125FAK dependent, supporting the hypothesis that paxillin phosphorylation is regulated by pp125FAK. pp125FAK must localize to focal adhesions and become autophosphorylated to induce paxillin phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of paxillin on tyrosine creates binding sites for the SH2 domains of Crk, Csk, and Src. We identify two sites of phosphorylation as tyrosine residues 31 and 118, each of which conforms to the Crk SH2 domain binding motif, (P)YXXP. These observations suggest that paxillin serves as an adapter protein, similar to insulin receptor substrate 1, and that pp125FAK may regulate the formation of signaling complexes by directing the phosphorylation of paxillin on tyrosine.
Artifact‐free objective‐type multicolor total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy with light‐emitting diode light sources—Part I (2019)

Total internal reflection fluorescence excitation (TIRF) microscopy allows the selective observation of fluorescent molecules in immediate proximity to an interface between different refractive indices. Objective-type or prism-less TIRF excitation is typically achieved with laser light sources. We here propose a simple, yet optically advantageous light-emitting diode (LED)-based implementation of objective-type TIRF (LED-TIRF). The proposed LED-TIRF condenser is affordable and easy to set up at any epifluorescence microscope to perform multicolor TIRF and/or combined TIRF-epifluorescence imaging with even illumination of the entire field of view. Electrical control of LED light sources replaces mechanical shutters or optical modulators. LED-TIRF microscopy eliminates safety burdens that are associated with laser sources, offers favorable instrument lifetime and stability without active cooling. The non-coherent light source and the type of projection eliminate interference fringing and local scattering artifacts that are associated with conventional laser-TIRF. Unlike azimuthal spinning laser-TIRF, LED-TIRF does not require synchronization between beam rotation and the camera and can be monitored with either global or rolling shutter cameras. Typical implementations, such as live cell multicolor imaging in TIRF and epifluorescence of imaging of short-lived, localized translocation events of a Ca<sup>2+</sup> -sensitive protein kinase C α fusion protein are demonstrated.
Multiple-Analyte Fluoroimmunoassay Using an Integrated Optical Waveguide Sensor (1999)

A silicon oxynitride integrated optical waveguide was used to evanescently excite fluorescence from a multianalyte sensor surface in a rapid, sandwich immunoassay format. Multiple analyte immunoassay (MAIA) results for two sets of three different analytes, one employing polyclonal and the other monoclonal capture antibodies, were compared with results for identical analytes performed in a single-analyte immunoassay (SAIA) format. The MAIA protocol was applied in both phosphate-buffered saline and simulated serum solutions. Point-to-point correlation values between the MAIA and SAIA results varied widely for the polyclonal antibodies (R2 = 0.42-0.98) and were acceptable for the monoclonal antibodies (R2 = 0.93-0.99). Differences in calculated receptor affinities were also evident with polyclonal antibodies, but not so with monoclonal antibodies. Polyclonal antibody capture layers tended to demonstrate departure from ideal receptor-ligand binding while monoclonal antibodies generally displayed monovalent binding. A third set of three antibodies, specific for three cardiac proteins routinely used to categorize myocardial infarction, were also evaluated with the two assay protocols. MAIA responses, over clinically significant ranges for creatin kinase MB, cardiac troponin I, and myoglobin agreed well with responses generated with SAIA protocols (R2 = 0.97-0.99).
Polarization Instabilities in a Two-Photon Laser (2001)

We describe the operating characteristics of a new type of quantum oscillator that is based on a two-photon stimulated emission process. This two-photon laser consists of spin-polarized and laser-driven 39K atoms placed in a high-finesse transverse-mode-degenerate optical resonator and produces a beam with a power of approximately 0.2 microW at a wavelength of 770 nm. We observe complex dynamical instabilities of the state of polarization of the two-photon laser, which are made possible by the atomic Zeeman degeneracy. We conjecture that the laser could emit polarization-entangled twin beams if this degeneracy is lifted.
On the Solubility and Lipophilicity of Metallacarborane Pharmacophores (2013)

Metallacarborane moieties have been identified as promising pharmacophores. The pharmaceutical use of such compounds is, however, complicated by their low solubility and tendency to self-assemble in aqueous solution. In this work, we estimated the solubilities of a vast series of metallacarboranes [cobalt bis(dicarbollide) derivatives] in pure water, saline, and saline with human serum albumin as a model of blood plasma. In addition, we determined the octanol-water partition coefficients (Pow) as a lipophilicity descriptor. Pow weakly correlates with the water solubility of metallacarboranes, whereas the ability of HSA to increase the solubility of metallacarboranes correlates well with their Pow values. Because metallacarboranes are known inhibitors of HIV protease, the possible correlation between Pow and the ability to inhibit HIV protease was investigated. Results from this study indicate that interaction of metallacarborane inhibitors with HIV protease is driven by specific binding rather than by promiscuous lipophilic interactions. The most promising candidates for further drug development were identified by ligand lipophilicity efficiency analysis.
Classical Tracking for Quantum Trajectories (2021)

Quantum state estimation, based on the numerical integration of stochastic master equations (SMEs), provides estimates for the evolution of quantum systems subject to continuous weak measurements. The approach is similar to classical state estimation methods in that the ‘quantum trajectories’ produced by solving the SME are conditioned on continuous classical measurement signals. In this paper, we explore the use of classical state estimation for a candidate quantum system, one based on an experimentally realisable system: a material object undergoing continuous feedback cooling in an optical trap. In particular, we demonstrate that classical tracking methods based on particle filters can be used to track quantum states, and are particularly useful for higher temperature regimes where quantum state estimation becomes computationally demanding.
Knockdown of LncRNA MAPT-AS1 inhibites proliferation and migration and sensitizes cancer cells to paclitaxel by regulating MAPT expression in ER-negative breast cancers (2018)

Our study is the first to report a novel lncRNA MAPT-AS1 in human cancer. ER-negative patients with younger age (< 60), larger tumors (≥ 2 cm), metastatic lymph nodes and stages (III-IV) had higher expression of MAPT-AS1. MAPT-AS1 is correlated with the cell growth, invasiveness and paclitaxel resistance in ER-negative breast cancer cells through antisense pairing with MAPT. MAPT-AS1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in ER-negative breast cancers.
Human Migration, a Genetics-driven Story (2020)

Biochemical factors have limited human migration. In contrast to most mammals, man is unable to synthesize vitamin C. As vitamin C has a limited stability, migration capacity depends on vitamin C stores. Haptoglobin (Hp) is a polymorphic protein which affects vitamin C stability. Hp type distribution shows a marked geographical variation. People with a Hp 1-1 type show a better vitamin C stability. Long-distance migration is limited by scurvy. China has never turned into a colonial power because of the poor vitamin C stability of Chinese (mainly Hp 2-2). In contrast, Inca rafts could cross the Pacific because of the vitamin C stability of their sailors, carrying Hp 1-1. Similarly, migration from tropical areas to colder climates meant a challenge for the vitamin D (vit D) supply. Humans depend on exposure to sunlight for vit D synthesis. Mortality due to long winters at high latitudes led to the discontinuation of Viking settlements. Vit D deficiency has induced a survival race, involving genetic factors (e.g. vit D binding protein polymorphism). Iron status is another factor affecting migration. The Celtic migration is associated with the smuggling of the iron conserving C282Y HFE mutation into Europe, the Bantu migration is associated with a similar Q248H ferroportin mutation.