gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
건강상태에 따른 소득계층별 의료이용의 형평성 변화 (2011)

본 연구는 국민건강영양조사를 활용하여 소득에 따른 건강상태를 반영한 의료이용 형평성의 변화를 확인하는데 그 목적이 있다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 소득계층별 의료이용량에 대한 분석 결과 집중지수가 모두 음(-)의 값으로 저소득층에 의료이용이 집중되어 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 저소득층 집중정도는 점차 약화되고 있었다. 둘째, 주관적 건강상태 집중지수를 산출한 결과 모든 건강 상태 집중지수가 음(-)의 값으로 나타나서 저소득층에 의료필요가 집중되어 있었으며, 의료필요 집중 정도가 점차 심화되고 있어서 저소득층의 건강상태도 악화되고 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 셋째, 소득 계층별 건강수준 특성을 반영한 의료이용의 형평성을 확인할 수 있는 도구인 Le Grand계수의 연도별 변화를 분석한 결과 대체로 저소득층의 이용량이 많은 것으로 나타났지만, 그 격차는 크지 않았으며 점차 고소득층의 이용량이 증가하고 있었다.
Probiotics prevent bacterial translocation and improve intestinal barrier function in rats following chronic psychological stress (2006)

These findings indicate that probiotics can prevent chronic stress induced intestinal abnormalities and, thereby, exert beneficial effects in the intestinal tract.
Electromechanical coupling in electrostatic micro-power generators (2010)

Electrostatic micro-power generators (MPGs) are modeled and analyzed with particular emphasis on electromechanical coupling and its impact on the system dynamics. We identify two qualitatively different regimes in the MPG response, dubbed slow and fast. A linearized electromechanically coupled model of an electrostatic MPG and two simplified linear models are used to study the response of the MPG. Linear models are found adequate to represent the dynamic response of fast MPGs but inadequate to represent the response of slow and mixed domain MPGs. A nonlinear model is developed and validated to describe the response of those MPGs under moderately large excitations. On the basis of this analysis, we describe a method and provide design rules for realizing wideband electrostatic MPGs, and develop closed-form formulae for the extracted power for MPGs under moderately large excitations.
Effects of ornithine decarboxylase inhibition on c‐myc expression during murine erythroleukemia cell proliferation and differentiation (1986)

The polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine have been implicated in the regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation. We have previously demonstrated that spermidine is required for proliferation of murine Friend erythroleukemia (MEL) cells. We have also shown that spermidine is required at a transcriptional level for induction of MEL globin synthesis. Since studies monitoring c-myc expression have suggested that this gene also plays a role in both growth and differentiation, we have monitored the effects of inhibiting ornithine decarboxylase (ODCase) activity and polyamine synthesis on levels of c-myc transcripts. The results demonstrate that the level of c-myc RNA is independent of ODCase inhibition and depletion of intracellular spermidine. More importantly, arrest of MEL proliferation is not associated with detectable changes in c-myc expression, while under these conditions there is a decline in ODCase transcripts. During induction of MEL differentiation with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA), c-myc and ODCase undergo similar changes in patterns of expression. However, although spermidine is required for appearance of the differentiated MEL phenotype, depletion of this polyamine by ODCase inhibition had no detectable effect on the biphasic changes in c-myc RNA observed during MEL differentiation. Thus, these biphasic changes in c-myc expression are not sufficient for induction of the mature phenotype. Finally, these results would indicate that the regulation of c-myc expression during both proliferation and differentiation is independent of ODCase activity and inhibition of proliferation by spermidine depletion.
Geometric source separation: merging convolutive source separation with geometric beamforming (2002)

Blind source separation of broad band signals in a multi-path environment remains a difficult problem. Robustness has been limited due to frequency permutation ambiguities. Increasing the number of sensors allows improved performance but introduces degrees of freedom in the separating filters that are not determined by separation criteria. We propose to further shape the filters and improve the robustness of blind separation by including geometric information such as sensor positions and localized source assumption. This allows us to combine blind source separation with adaptive and geometric beamforming leading to a number of novel algorithms collectively termed "geometric source separation". Performance comparisons on real room recordings for 2 and 3 simultaneous sources are presented.
Electric-field dependence of mobility in conjugated polymer films (2000)

It has been suggested that Poole–Frenkel behavior, i.e., the linear dependence of the log of the mobility μ on the square root of the electric-field intensity, found for many conjugated polymer films is due to the interaction between the charge carriers and randomly distributed permanent dipoles. However, the dipole concentration in the polymers is much too small to achieve this. We show that introduction of short-range correlation between the energies of the hopping sites, on the scale of the coherence length measured by x rays, can account for the field and temperature dependence of films of poly(2-methoxy,5-(2′-ethyl-hexoxy)–p-phenylene vinylene), a representative conjugated polymer. We investigate also the effects of inhomogeneity on the field and temperature dependence of μ.
How We Manage Hyperferritinemic Sepsis-Related Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome/Macrophage Activation Syndrome/Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Histiocytosis* (2015)

Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA * See also p. e165. Dr. Carcillo received support for article research from the National Institutes of Health (R01 GM108618). His institution received grant support. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.
Characterization of Microstructure, Chemical, and Physical Properties of Delignified and Densified Poplar Wood (2021)

Wood is an attractive and inherently sustainable alternative to many conventional materials. Recent research on improving wood mechanical strength emphasizes wood densification through the partial removal of lignin and hemicelluloses, therefore the chemical and physical properties of delignified and densified wood require further investigation. In this study, poplar wood samples were subjected to alkali and maleic acid hydrotropic delignification with varying degrees of lignin and hemicellulose removal followed by hot pressing, and the microstructure, chemical properties, and dimensional stability of densified wood through delignification were evaluated. The results showed that the complete wood cell collapse was observed near the surface of all the delignified wood blocks, as well as some micro-cracks in the cell walls. The chemical analysis indicated that delignification occurred mainly near the surface of the wood blocks and enhanced hydrogen bonding among the aligned cellulose fibers. For dimensional stability, the set recovery decreased with the increase in alkali dosage, and the considerable fixation of compressive deformation was obtained by a post-densification hydrothermal treatment at 180 °C. These results have demonstrated that the densified wood with delignification can be easily fabricated using the proposed method, and the densified wood exhibited great potential to be used as a sustainable material.
Multi-wavelength pyrometry for temperature measurement in gas flames (2012)

Multi-wavelength pyrometry (MWP) has been used to measure the temperature of gas flames in a physical mock-up of an industrial burner. Even if pyrometric measurements of flame temperatures are difficult on account of the very low emissivity of gases, a self emitted radiation at defined wavelengths (590nm, 672nm, 766nm and 771nm) was detected from the different spectrums. The flame temperature can be obtained by processing the values of the ratio of two detected signals with the two-colour pyrometry procedure. A good correspondence was found between the temperature deduced from this ratio and the one measured by a type K thermocouple.
Separation of prostaglandins and thromboxanes by gas chromatography with glass capillary columns (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSeparation of prostaglandins and thromboxanes by gas chromatography with glass capillary columnsF. A. FitzpatrickCite this: Anal. Chem. 1978, 50, 1, 47–52Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50023a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50023a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neutrophil-Dependent Oxidative Stress in Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Diseases (2010)

Gastrointestinal inflammation is a highly complex biochemical protective response to cellular/tissue injury. When this process occurs in an uncontrolled manner, the result is excessive tissue damage that results chronic inflammation and destruction of normal tissue, and may associate with carcinogenesis. Current evidence suggests that neutrophil-dependent oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal inflammation associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ingestion, ischemic condition and inflammatory bowel disease. It has been shown that the neutrophil-vascular endothelial cell interaction is regulated by various cell adhesion molecules, and that this interaction is directly or indirectly modified by many factors, including bacterial products, chemokines and gaseous mediators. Activated neutrophils can produce reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, myeloperoxidase, and elastases. This review describes the potential role of neutrophils and neutrophil-dependent oxidative stress in gastrointestinal disease.
Phase and non-equilibrium behaviour of microgel suspensions as a function of particle stiffness (2012)

We investigate the phase and non-equilibrium behavior of suspensions comprised of swollen, ionic microgels as a function of particle stiffness. We use visual inspection of the samples, rheology and UV-visible spectroscopy to determine how the system phase changes with particle concentration for particles with different crosslinker content. Our results indicate that stiff particles exhibit all three phases observed in hard sphere suspensions: liquid, crystal and glass; however, the boundaries separating one phase from the other are different from the corresponding boundaries in hard sphere suspensions. In particular, the width of the liquid–crystal phase-coexistence region increases with decreasing particle stiffness. For particles with intermediate stiffness, the crystal phase disappears and the microgel suspension transitions from a liquid to a glassy state at certain particle concentration. For even softer particles, no glassy state is observed. Instead the system remains liquid within the experimentally accessed concentration range. These results emphasize the richness in behaviour that is brought about when deformable and compressible objects are considered instead of the more usual hard colloidal particles.
Accumulation of histone deacetylase 6, an aggresome-related protein, is specific to Lewy bodies and glial cytoplasmic inclusions (2011)

Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) plays a crucial role in aggresome formation, resulting in the clearance of misfolded proteins. Previous studies have shown that HDAC6 is concentrated in Lewy bodies (LBs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with LBs (DLB) (Cell 115: 727-738, 2003). We performed immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigations on the brains of patients with various neurodegenerative disorders. Anti-HDAC6 antibody faintly immunostained the cytoplasm of neuronal and glial cells in control subjects. In PD and DLB, almost all of the cortical, brainstem-type and peripheral LBs were intensely immunolabeled with anti-HDAC6. In multiple system atrophy (MSA), the vast majority of glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) were also positive for HDAC6. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that the reaction product was localized to the filamentous structures in LBs and GCIs. Various neuronal and glial inclusions in neurodegenerative disorders other than LB disease and MSA were HDAC6-negative. These findings suggest that accumulation of HDAC6 is specific to α-synucleinopathy and that both LBs and GCIs may represent cytoprotective responses to sequester toxic proteins.
Polypropylene: Structure, Properties, Manufacturing Processes, and Applications (2003)

Polypropylene (PP) is a thermoplastic material that is produced by polymerizing propylene molecules, which are the monomer units, into very long polymer molecule or chains. There are a number of different ways to link the monomers together, but PP as a commercially used material in its most widely used form is made with catalysts that produce crystallizable polymer chains. These give rise to a product that is a semicrystalline solid with good physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Another form of PP, produced in much lower volumes as a byproduct of semicrystalline PP production and having very poor mechanical and thermal properties, is a soft, tacky material used in adhesives, sealants, and caulk products. The above two products are often referred to as “isotactic” (crystallizable) PP (i-PP) and “atactic” (noncrystallizable) PP (a-PP), respectively.
Precise Position Control of a Traveling-Wave Ultrasonic Motor (2007)

In this paper, precise position control of a traveling-wave ultrasonic motor is achieved, avoiding the traditional drawbacks attributable to nonlinear torque generation, which are overshoot or slow response time. For that purpose, a behavior model control is proposed and presented. With this control law, a quick and precise response is obtained. In this paper, we present a position-control scheme of an inertial load. The guideline used for this control was a rotation of 90 in a response time of about 200 ms with a position error of 0.6 mrad, targeting a typical application for avionics. In this paper, a Shinsei USR30 is used, but the method can be applied to other ultrasonic motors.
Insights into Multienzyme Docking in Hybrid PKS–NRPS Megasynthetases Revealed by Heterologous Expression and Genetic Engineering (2010)

A critical test: We have used Red/ET recombination in a heterologous expression vector to site-specifically modify the pathway to the myxobacterial metabolite myxothiazol. Our mutagenesis results strengthen an existing model for interpolypeptide “docking” during biosynthesis of such hybrid polyketide–nonribosomal peptide natural products. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Principles of GIOS and COSY (1988)

The underlying principles of the transfer‐matrix programs GIOS and COSY are outlined. Especial emphasis is given to the calculation of particle trajectories and of image aberrations. Input and output of a second‐order calculation of GIOS is shown.
Raman Spectroscopy and Virus Research (1976)

A survey is given of developments leading to the application of laser-Raman spectroscopy in structural studies of viruses and model nucleoproteins. The major constituents of viruses — nucleic acid and protein molecules — exhibit Raman spectra which differ greatly from one another, both in the spectral ranges that contain vibrational frequencies of conformational interest and in the relative intensities of Raman scattering of their respective subgroups. These features, not common to the infrared spectra, allow laser-Raman spectroscopy to be exploited for the study of viral assembly and nucleoprotein interactions. Examples considered here are the RNA-containing virus MS2, the DNA-containing viruses Pfl and fd, and the complex of polylysine with DNA.
Non-Linear Heart Rate Variability Indices in the Frequent Hemodialysis Network Trials of Chronic Hemodialysis Patients (2015)

Non-linear HRV indices indicated an association between a deteriorated heart rate regulatory system and impaired cardiac function, fluid accumulation and poor physical condition.
The future role of smart structure systems in modern aircraft (2005)

The paper intends to summarize some guidelines for future smart structure system application in military aircraft. This preview of system integration is based upon a review on approximately one and a half decades of application oriented aerospace related smart structures research. Achievements in the area of structural health monitoring, adaptive shape, adaptive load bearing devices and active vibration control have been reached, potentials have been identified, several feasibility studies have been performed and some smart technologies have been already implemented. However the realization of anticipated visions and previously initial timescales announced have been rather too optimistic. The current development shall be based on a more realistic basis including more emphasis on fundamental aircraft strength, stiffness, static and dynamic load and stability requirements of aircraft and interdisciplinary integration requirements and improvements of integrated actors, actuator systems and control systems including micro controllers.
Radiation dose to patients from radiopharmaceuticals: (Addendum 2 to ICRP Publication 53) ICRP Publication 80 Approved by the Commission in September 1997 (1998)

A joint Task Group of ICRP Committees 2 (Doses from Radiation Exposures) and 3 (Protection in Medicine; lead Committee for this report) has prepared a compilation of data on radiation dose to patients from radiopharmaceuticals. The report provides biokinetic models, absorbed doses, and effective doses, using ICRP Publication 60 dosimetry, for 10 new radiopharmaceuticals: [Methyl-11C]thymidine; [2-11C]thymidine; 14C urea (incl. carbon dioxide and bicarbonate); 15O water; 99mTc HIG, Pertechnegas, Technegas, and tetrofosmin; and 111In HIG and octreotide. It also provides recalculated dose data for the 19 most frequently used radiopharmaceuticals from ICRP Publication 53, using ICRP Publication 60 dosimetry, viz. 18F FDG; 51Cr EDTA; 67Ga citrate; 75Se SeHCAT; 99mTc DMSA, DTPA, RBC, IDA, large colloids, WBC, MAA, non-absorbable markers, pertechnetate, and phosphates and phosphonates; 123I Hippuran and MIBG; 131I Hippuran and NP59; and 201Tl thallous ion. Printing errors detected in ICRP Publication 53 are also listed. Furthermore, the report reproduces with minor corrections and updates, and therefore supersedes, the information on 6 radiopharmaceuticals given in Addendum 1 to ICRP Publication 53: 3H neutral fat and fatty acids; 14C neutral fat and fatty acids; 68Ga EDTA; and 99mTc HM-PAO, MAG3, and MIBI. There is an integrated index to all radiopharmaceuticals treated in ICRP publications so far, including a listing of effective doses per unit activity administered to adults. This issue of the Annals of the ICRP also includes an Addendum to ICRP Publication 72 concerning age-dependent doses to members of the public from intakes of radionuclides.
Low Molecular Weight Components in an Aquatic Humic Substance As Characterized by Membrane Dialysis and Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry (2012)

Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) was dialyzed through a 100-500 molecular weight cutoff dialysis membrane, and the dialysate and retentate were analyzed by UV-visible absorption and high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS). A significant fraction (36% based on dissolved organic carbon) of SRFA passed through the dialysis membrane. The fraction of SRFA in the dialysate had a different UV-visible absorption spectrum and was enriched in low molecular weight molecules with a more aliphatic composition relative to the initial SRFA solution. Comparison of the SRFA spectra collected by Orbitrap MS and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS (FT-ICR MS) demonstrated that the mass accuracy of the Orbitrap MS is sufficient for determination of unique molecular formulas of compounds with masses <600 Da in a complex mixture, such as SRFA. The most intense masses detected by Orbitrap MS were found in the 100-200 Da mass range. Many of these low molecular masses corresponded to molecular formulas of previously identified compounds in organic matter, lignin, and plants, and the use of the standard addition method provided an upper concentration estimate of selected target compounds in SRFA. Collectively, these results provide evidence that SRFA contains low molecular weight components that are present individually or in loosely bound assemblies.
Use of Miniaturized Protein Arrays for Escherichia coli O Serotyping (2006)

Serological typing of Escherichia coli O antigens is a well-established method used for differentiation and identification of O serotypes commonly associated with disease. In this feasibility study, we have developed a novel somatic antibody-based miniaturized microarray chip, using 17 antisera, which can be used to detect bound whole-cell E. coli antigen with its corresponding immobilized antibody, to assess the feasibility of this approach. The chip was tested using the related 17 control strains, and the O types found by the microarray chip showed 100% correlation with the O types found by conventional typing. A blind trial was performed in which 100 E. coli isolates that had been O serotyped previously by the conventional assay were tested by the array approach. Overall, the O serotypes of 88% of isolates were correctly identified by the microarray method. For several isolates, ambiguity of O-type designation by microarray arose due to increased sensitivity of this method, allowing signal intensities of cross-reactions to be quantified. Investigation of discrepancies between conventional and microarray O serotyping indicated that some isolates upon storage had become untypeable and, therefore, gave poor signal intensity when tested by the microarray or retested by conventional means. For all 20 serotype O26 and O157 isolates, the apparent discrepancy in O serotyping was analyzed further by a third independent test, which confirmed the microarray results. Therefore, the use of miniaturized protein arrays increases the speed and efficiency of O serotyping in a cost-effective manner, and these preliminary findings suggest the microarray approach may have a higher accuracy than those of traditional O-serotyping methods.