gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selection for Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants due to growth in the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2006)

Opportunistic infections are often polymicrobial. Two of the most important bacterial opportunistic pathogens of humans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, frequently are coisolated from infections of catheters, endotracheal tubes, skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract, including the airways of people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Here, we show that suppression of S. aureus respiration by a P. aeruginosa exoproduct, 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline-N-oxide (HQNO), protects S. aureus during coculture from killing by commonly used aminoglycoside antibiotics such as tobramycin. Furthermore, prolonged growth of S. aureus with either P. aeruginosa or with physiological concentrations of pure HQNO selects for typical S. aureus small-colony variants (SCVs), well known for stable aminoglycoside resistance and persistence in chronic infections, including those found in CF. We detected HQNO in the sputum of CF patients infected with P. aeruginosa, but not in uninfected patients, suggesting that this HQNO-mediated interspecies interaction occurs in CF airways. Thus, in all coinfections with P. aeruginosa, S. aureus may be underappreciated as a pathogen because of the formation of antibiotic-resistant and difficult to detect small-colony variants. Interspecies microbial interactions, analogous to those mediated by HQNO, commonly may alter not only the course of disease and the response to therapy, but also the population structure of bacterial communities that promote the health of host animals, plants, and ecosystems.
Hyphenated Mass Spectrometric Techniques (2016)

The hyphenated mass spectrometric techniques take advantage of temporal ion recording enabled by mass spectrometry (MS) instruments. Temporal resolution is important for obtaining quality output in analyses using hyphenated techniques which combine mass spectrometers with liquid- or gas-phase separation devices. All types of mass spectrometers can be coupled on-line or off-line with flow-based techniques to conduct analysis of effluents from separation or sample preparation devices. This chapter discusses few basic terms such as chromatography and electrophoresis which characterize the performance of common liquid- and gas-phase separation techniques. A chief development in the coupling of liquid chromatography (LC) separations with MS was the invention of atmospheric pressure ion sources. Ion-mobility spectrometry (IMS) separates ions based on their size/charge ratios and their interactions with a buffer gas. Solid-phase micro extraction (SPME) is normally used for sample collection, preconcentration and desalting before analysis. LC is occasionally coupled off-line with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS.
An algorithm for minimally latent global virtual time (1993)

Global virtual time (GVT) is used in distributed simulations to reclaim memory, commit output, detect termination, and handle errors. It is a global function that is computed many times during the course of a simulation. A small GVT latency (delay between its occurrence and detection) allows for more efficient use of resources. We present an algorithm which minimizes the latency, and we prove its correctness. The algorithm is unique in that a target virtual time (TVT) is predetermined by an initiator who then detects when GVT ≥ TVT. This approach eliminates the avalanche effect because the collection phase is spread out over time, and it allows for regular and timely GVT updates. The algorithm does not require messages to be acknowledged, which significantly reduces the message overhead of the simulation. One possible application is with interactive simulators, where regular and timely updates would produce output that is up to date and appears smooth.
Comparison of Standard k-ε Model and RSM on Three Dimensional Turbulent Flow in the SEN of Slab Continuous Caster Controlled by Slide Gate (2011)

The fluid flow in the SEN and its outflow characteristic at nozzle port, after installation of slide gate system to control molten steel flow rate, have been investigated by mathematical simulation using standard k-ε model, RSM and experimental measurement by Ultrasonic Doppler Velocimeter (UDV) respectively, and the adaptability of turbulence models has been discussed. The research results indicate that, due to the throttle action of slide gate, a secondary flow and a separated flow are generated under the slide gate, and a swirl flow appears at nozzle port, with the swirl direction from the clogging side via nozzle bottom to the opening side of the slide gate. The swirl direction of outflow at nozzle port calculated by standard k-ε model is contrary to the measurement result by UDV and, the calculated result obtained by RSM is close to the UDV data. Based on kinetic theory of molecular, theoretical deficiencies of the Boussinesq hypothesis has been discussed.
Implementation of Optimized Compressive Crushing in Full Scale Experiments (2012)

Commonly used at the coarser end of the comminution process, cone crushers often operate\nas the final crushing stage in the aggregrate industry, or as the supplier of feed material for\nHPGRs or ball mills in the mining industry. As such, the performance of cone crushers\nundoubtedly affects the performance and efficiency of the overall process. The aim of this\nstudy is therefore to implement theoretical optimizations of compressive crushing for two\ndifferent applications.\n&lt;p&gt;\nThree different prototypes of crushing chambers have been manufactured based on the\nconceptual designs obtained from theoretical optimizations. Tested in full scale experiments,\nthe results for these prototypes (designed for aggregate production and mining operation)\nwere subsequently compared to the measured data for the corresponding reference crushing\nchambers. The performed analysis suggests that the performance of cone crushers can be\nimproved in terms of product yield as well as reduction ratio.
Wavefront aberrations in eyes with decentered ablations (2009)

PURPOSE: To compare the refractive and functional outcomes and wavefront profiles in eyes with decentered ablations and eyes with well-centered ablations. SETTING: Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. METHODS: This retrospective analysis comprised eyes with topographically diagnosed decentered ablations after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Refraction, contrast sensitivity, and ocular wavefront aberrations were measured preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively. The induced aberrations in these eyes were compared with those in eyes with well-centered ablations. RESULTS: Forty-six eyes (38 patients) had decentered ablations and 60 eyes (32 patients), well-centered ablations. The mean decentration in the study group was 0.86 mm ± 0.29 (SD) (range 0.35 to 1.61 mm). There was no significant correlation between decentration and attempted refractive correction. There was, however, a statistically significant (P<.05) linear correlation between the distance of decentration and the magnitude of induced tilt (r = −0.31), coma (r = −0.41), and secondary astigmatism (r = 0.36). The induced changes in tilt, oblique astigmatism, vertical coma, and spherical aberration were statistically significantly higher in eyes with decentered ablations than in eyes with well-centered ablations. A statistically significantly higher percentage of eyes (87%) with well-centered ablations than eyes with decentered ablations (70%) had a postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 20/20 or better. There was no significant difference in contrast sensitivity between groups. CONCLUSION: Eyes with decentered ablations had a significantly higher magnitude of induced aberrations and lower UCVA than eyes with well-centered ablations.
Trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in Madagascar: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C & δ15N) (2019)

Source Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/593920/)
Increase of Gi alpha in human hearts with dilated but not ischemic cardiomyopathy. (1990)

In myocardial membranes from hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), there was a 37% increase of the Gi alpha-protein as measured by 32P-ADP-ribosylation of a approximately 40 kDa pertussis toxin substrate. Immunoblotting techniques also showed increased amounts of Gi alpha in DCM. In hearts with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), Gi alpha was not altered compared with nonfailing myocardium (NF). Basal and Gpp(NH)p-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was reduced in DCM but not in ICM. The number of beta-adrenoceptors was similarly reduced both in DCM and ICM compared with NF. Alterations of m-cholinoceptors or A1-adenosine receptors did not occur. Consistently, "indirect" negative inotropic effects of the m-cholinoceptor agonist carbachol and the A1-adenosine receptor agonist R-PIA were not different in ICM, DCM, and nonfailing myocardium. In ICM and DCM, there was a marked reduction of the positive inotropic responses to isoprenaline and milrinone. However, there was a further reduction in DCM compared with ICM. It is concluded that the increase of Gi alpha is accompanied by a reduction of basal and guanine-nucleotide-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. Alterations of m-cholinoceptors and A1-adenosine receptors do not appear to be involved. The further decrease of the positive inotropic effects of isoprenaline and milrinone in DCM provides evidence that the increase of Gi alpha is functionally relevant in DCM but not ICM and hence might contribute to the reduced effects of endogenous catecholamines and exogenous cAMP-dependent positive inotropic agents in the former but not the latter condition.
Conservation of structure and expression of the c-yes and fyn genes in lower vertebrates. (1991)

The src-gene family in mammals and birds consists of 9 closely related protein tyrosine kinases. We have cloned the c-yes and fyn homologues of the src-family from the teleost fish Xiphophorus helleri. Both genes show a high degree of sequence conservation and exhibit all structural motifs diagnostic for functional src-like protein tyrosine kinases. Sequence comparisons revealed three domains (exon 2, exons 3-6, exons 7-12) which evolve at different rates. Both genes exhibit an identical expression pattern, with preferential expression in neural tissues. No transcripts of c-yes were found in liver which is contrary to the situation in higher vertebrates. In malignant melanoma, elevated levels of c-yes and fyn were detected indicating a possible function during secondary steps of tumor progression for src-related tyrosine kinases.
Energy Metabolism in Human Renin-Gene Transgenic Rats (2009)

Renin initiates angiotensin II formation and has no other known functions. We observed that transgenic rats (TGR) overexpressing the human renin gene (hREN) developed moderate obesity with increased body fat mass and glucose intolerance compared with nontransgenic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The metabolic changes were not reversed by an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a direct renin inhibitor, or by (pro)renin receptor blocker treatment. The obese phenotype in TGR(hREN) originated from higher food intake, which was partly compensated by increases in resting energy expenditure, total thermogenesis (postprandial and exercise activity), and lipid oxidation during the first 8 weeks of life. Once established, the difference in body weight between TGR(hREN) and SD rats remained constant over time. When restricted to the caloric intake of SD, TGR(hREN) developed an even lower body weight than nontransgenic controls. We did not observe significant changes in the cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript, pro-opiomelanocortin, both anorexigenic, or neuropeptide Y, orexigenic, mRNA levels in TGR(hREN) versus SD controls. However, the mRNA level of the agouti-related peptide, orexigenic, was significantly reduced in TGR(hREN) versus SD controls at the end of the study, which indicates a compensatory mechanism. We suggest that the human renin transgene initiates a process leading to increased and early appetite, obesity, and metabolic changes not related to angiotensin II. The mechanisms are independent of any currently known renin-related effects.
Digitizing the Dead Sea Scrolls (2009)

The Dead Sea Scrolls are objects of unrivalled importance and fragility. The Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) invited a number of experts to provide advice to them regarding the possibility of digitising the Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS). This led to a Pilot of the imaging technology in August 2008. This paper will describe the innovative workflows and technology used in the Pilot, and further developed since then, to deliver unique perspectives on the Dead Sea Scrolls. Of particular interest is the spectral imaging of selected fragments between 650-1000 nm with a nominal bandwidth of 10 nm. This technique and the experience of the Pilot offer many lessons for other such imaging and conservation projects.
Search for new phenomena in different-flavour high-mass dilepton final states in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ s = 13 Tev with the ATLAS detector (2016)

A search is performed for a heavy particle decaying into different flavour dilepton pairs ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]), using 3.2 fb[Formula: see text] of proton-proton collision data at [Formula: see text] TeV collected in 2015 by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess over the Standard Model prediction is observed. Limits at the 95 % credibility level are set on the mass of a [Formula: see text] boson with lepton-flavour-violating couplings at 3.0, 2.7 and 2.6 TeV, and on the mass of a supersymmetric [Formula: see text] sneutrino with <i>R</i>-parity-violating couplings at 2.3, 2.2 and 1.9 TeV, for [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] final states, respectively. The results are also interpreted as limits on the threshold mass for quantum black hole production.
A BEAM INTENSITY CONTROL METHOD FOR ION THERAPY (2002)

A beam-intensity control method has been developed at HIMAC in order to improve an irradiation accuracy and beam-utilisation efficiency for a multi-wobbling and a spot scanning method, and it is also required for a counter experiment such as a particle identify in a secondary-beam experiment. For the advanced irradiation methods, a beam intensity should be modulated around two-order during an extraction period, while the beam intensity should be decreased from 109 to the order of 105-103 ppp for the counter experiment. In order to cover such a wide range of the beam intensity, we have proposed the beam-intensity control method, which is based on changing a beam-pulse width and timing in an injection beam, and/or applying RF-KO in an injection period. The methods and experimental results are presented.
Formación inicial del profesorado, educación infantil y conocimiento pedagógico (1997)

La presente comunicacion es una reflexion -a partir del propio lugar de actuacion profesional- sobre las caracteristicas de la formacion inicial del profesorado, la construccion de un conocimiento pedagogico especifico, con especial referencia a la especialidad de Educacion Infantil, con la finalidad de conseguir si como formadores de profesores podemos hacer algo para despertar la conciencia social de los futuros docentes y proporcionarles posibilidades alternativas y concretas para realizar el objetivo de una educacion de elevada calidad para todos los ninos como nos dicen LISTON y ZEICHNER (1993, 60).
A low-voltage zero-crossing-based delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter (2010)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2010.
Field determination of metal oxide varistor characteristics. Final report (1992)

Mismatched parallel-connected varistors or a change in unit characteristics could lead to unequal energy sharing and ultimate block failure. This project, involving laboratory tests on a variety of blocks as well as evaluation of methods to determine failed blocks, indicates that caution is advised in parallel group applications. The project team developed one method of measuring varistor conduction characteristics and performed preliminary field trails. In addition, a series of laboratory tests was performed on representative block obtained from four different manufacturers. These laboratory tests attempted to duplicate the duty that blocks could experience so that changes in characteristics under operation could be anticipated. A block that has cracked due to mechanical shock or thermal effects caused by the application of too much energy in too short a time period is very difficult to detect. The most satisfactory method of detection is application of a 10 kA impulse to the column with a test generator. If a block is cracked, the 10 kA impulse will likely result in a block flashover that can be detected. The field testing of multicolumn applications-for example, series capacitor bank protection-resulted in two promising approaches. The first involves monitoring the rate of energy input into themore » column during operation and inferring, based on the information that the block would likely have been damaged (cracked). This approach relies on shifts in energy sharing between columns to identify characteristics changes in blocks. The second approach involves applying impulse currents to columns to determine electrical (voltage versus current) characteristics and thereby detect cracked blocks. This approach has merit for defining characteristic changes that would lower the installation`s capacity to absorb energy.« less
Elm tree bark extract inhibits HepG2 hepatic cancer cell growth via pro-apoptotic activity (2012)

Control of inflammation is widely accepted as an important strategy for cancer chemoprevention. Anti-inflammatory effects of bark extracts of elm tree (BEE) have been amply reported. Therefore, BEE may be a good candidate cancer chemopreventive agent. Considering the high incidence of hepatic cancer and limited therapeutic approaches for treating this disease, it is important to develop liver cancer-specific chemopreventive agents. To evaluate the chemopreventive potential of BEE, we investigated the growth inhibition effect of BEE on the HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. We performed a cell counting kit-8 assay to determine cell viability, and 4,6-diamino-2-phenylindole staining and flow cytometry to measure apoptotic cell death. Finally, the expression levels of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins were measured. BEE inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Pro-apoptotic activity was promoted via the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, as demonstrated by the activation of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, caspase-9, caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase as well as the down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. These results suggest that BEE may have potential use in hepatic cancer chemoprevention by suppressing cancer cell growth via pro-apoptotic activity.
Chairman's report NEMA magnet wire technical committee activities (1983)

NEMA MW-1000 is a viable document that is continuously upgraded to meet the Magnet Wire Industries needs. This paper will cover the activities of the NEMA Magnet Wire Section during the period of 1982–1983. Part I of MW-1000 has been revised quite extensively, both editorialy and technically. Two new standards have been added to MW-1000 and three more are nearly complete. A number of new test procedures and equipment modification are also being considered and will be discussed. Underwriters Laboratory, American National Standards Institute and related government agencies will also be reviewed.
Dejellying Xenopus laevis Embryos (2007)

INTRODUCTIONThis protocol presents a method for preparing Xenopus embryos for manipulation. Embryos are surrounded by a series of thick, protective jelly membranes. Removal of these membranes is the first step in most micromanipulation procedures. These membranes must be completely removed for embryo dissection. For microinjection, membranes can be completely or partially removed.
Recent Advances in Copper-mediated Direct Biaryl Coupling (2015)

Abstract Copper salts and complexes have recently received significant attention as less expensive, abundant, and unique alternatives to noble transition-metal catalysts such as palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium, in the research field of C–H activation. This highlight review focuses on recent advances in copper-mediated biaryl coupling via aromatic C–H cleavage, and the scope and limitations are briefly summarized.
Bioactive Supramolecular Peptide Nanofibers for Regenerative Medicine (2014)

Recent advances in understanding of cell-matrix interactions and the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in regulation of cellular behavior have created new perspectives for regenerative medicine. Supramolecular peptide nanofiber systems have been used as synthetic scaffolds in regenerative medicine applications due to their tailorable properties and ability to mimic ECM proteins. Through designed bioactive epitopes, peptide nanofiber systems provide biomolecular recognition sites that can trigger specific interactions with cell surface receptors. The present Review covers structural and biochemical properties of the self-assembled peptide nanofibers for tissue regeneration, and highlights studies that investigate the ability of ECM mimetic peptides to alter cellular behavior including cell adhesion, proliferation, and/or differentiation.
Wollen Schüler Computer im naturwissenschaftlichen Unterricht nutzen? Die Rolle von Vorwissen, Kontrollüberzeugung und Einstellung (2005)

Zu den zentralen gegenwärtigen Aufgaben des Schulsystems gehört es, die neuen Medien auf einer pädagogisch-konzeptionellen Grundlage in alle Schularten und -stufen zu implementieren. Eine wesentliche Aufgabe ist in diesem Zusammenhang die Vermittlung und Förderung einer kompetenten Nutzung von Medien. Voraussetzung hierfür ist, dass die Lernenden die notwendigen motivationalen, emotionalen und kognitiven Voraussetzungen mitbringen bzw. diese gegenüber neuen Medien wie Computer oder Internet entwickeln. Im Konkreten stellt sich dann zunächst die Frage, wie sich Einstellungen zu Computern, das Nutzungsverhalten und die Nutzungsmotive des systematischen und regelmäßigen Rechnereinsatzes verändern. Im Gegensatz zu den bisherigen zahlreichen Querschnittsstudien zu dieser Thematik ist die vorliegende Studie, die Teil des BLK-Programms "Systematische Einbeziehung von Medien, Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien in Lehr- und Lernprozesse" (SEMIK) ist, längsschnittlich, d.h. über mehrere Messzeitpunkte, angelegt. Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragestellung wird ein Modell vorgestellt, das sich an klassischen wie neueren Handlungsmodellen orientiert. Darüber hinaus werden Ergebnisse zum ersten Messzeitpunkt referiert, die erste Aufschlüsse über das Zusammenwirken zentraler Variablen wie handlungsbezogene Einstellungen, computerbezogene Kontrollüberzeugungen und Computer-Wissen geben. (DIPF/Orig.)