gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A critical review of spectral models applied to binary color printing (2000)

A critical review of binary color printing models is presented. The goal is to provide an understanding of the application of color printer models as a component for device profiles within a color management system. A short description of a modern color management system is presented, followed by a brief explanation of the halftoning process. This leads into the discussion of the individual models, which takes an historical approach. The discussion starts with early models proposed in the 1930s by Murray, followed by Neugebauer, Yule and Nielsen, and other much more recent model forms. To aid in gathering the appropriate data for printer modeling, experimental techniques are then discussed, followed by an explanation of the model optimization methods needed for parameter fitting. The review concludes with procedures for model evaluation and a presentation of the results from an application of the models to a sample dataset for an electrophotographic printer. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 25, 4–19, 2000
The immunophilins, FK506 binding protein and cyclophilin, are discretely localized in the brain: relationship to calcineurin (1994)

The immunosuppressant drugs cyclosporin A and FK506 bind to small, predominantly soluble proteins cyclophilin and FK506 binding protein, respectively, to mediate their pharmacological actions. The immunosuppressant actions of these drugs occur through binding of cyclophilin-cyclosporin A and FK506 binding protein-FK506 complexes to the calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase, calcineurin, inhibiting phosphatase activity. Utilizing immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and autoradiography, we have localized protein and messenger RNA for FK506 binding protein, cyclophilin and calcineurin. All three proteins and/or messages exhibit a heterogenous distribution through the brain and spinal cord, with the majority of the localizations being neuronal. We observe a striking co-localization of FK506 binding protein and calcineurin in most brain regions and a close similarity between calcineurin and cyclophilin. FK506 binding protein and cyclophilin localizations largely correspond to those of calcineurin, although cyclophilin is enriched in some brain areas that lack calcineurin. The dramatic similarities in localization of FK506 binding proteins and cyclophilins with calcineurin suggest related functions.
Protein oxidation and lens opacity in humans. (2000)

Idiopathic senile, diabetic, and myopic cataractogenesis appear to be dependent on oxidative damage to lens proteins. This damage occurs earlier in myopic and diabetic patients. Values of P-SH below and protein carbonyls above their specific threshold were found to be predictive for the presence of cataract. Because increased oxidation was observed in clear lenses removed from myopic and diabetic subjects, oxidation may be involved in the pathogenesis of these forms of human cataract.
Unbiased Learning to Rank with Unbiased Propensity Estimation (2018)

Learning to rank with biased click data is a well-known challenge. A variety of methods has been explored to debias click data for learning to rank such as click models, result interleaving and, more recently, the unbiased learning-to-rank framework based on inverse propensity weighting. Despite their differences, most existing studies separate the estimation of click bias (namely the propensity model ) from the learning of ranking algorithms. To estimate click propensities, they either conduct online result randomization, which can negatively affect the user experience, or offline parameter estimation, which has special requirements for click data and is optimized for objectives (e.g. click likelihood) that are not directly related to the ranking performance of the system. In this work, we address those problems by unifying the learning of propensity models and ranking models. We find that the problem of estimating a propensity model from click data is a dual problem of unbiased learning to rank. Based on this observation, we propose a Dual Learning Algorithm (DLA) that jointly learns an unbiased ranker and an unbiased propensity model. DLA is an automatic unbiased learning-to-rank framework as it directly learns unbiased ranking models from biased click data without any preprocessing. It can adapt to the change of bias distributions and is applicable to online learning. Our empirical experiments with synthetic and real-world data show that the models trained with DLA significantly outperformed the unbiased learning-to-rank algorithms based on result randomization and the models trained with relevance signals extracted by click models.
Can diaphragmatic contractility be assessed by airway twitch pressure in mechanically ventilated patients? (2003)

Despite a good correlation between Paw tw and Poes tw, Paw tw did not reliably predict Poes tw or Pdi tw in mechanically ventilated patients. Nevertheless, the excellent reproducibility of Paw tw suggests that it may be a useful means of monitoring inspiratory muscle contractility in the routine care of mechanically ventilated patients.
Concise Reviews: Stem Cells and Kidney Regeneration: An Update (2018)

Significant progress has been made to advance stem cell products as potential therapies for kidney diseases: various kinds of stem cells can restore renal function in preclinical models of acute and chronic kidney injury. Nonetheless this literature contains contradictory results, and for this reason, we focus this review on reasons for apparent discrepancies in the literature, because they contribute to difficulty in translating renal regenerative therapies. Differences in methodologies used to derive and culture stem cells, even those from the same source, in addition to the lack of standardized renal disease animal models (both acute and chronic), are important considerations underlying contradictory results in the literature. We propose that harmonized rigorous protocols for characterization, handling, and delivery of stem cells in vivo could significantly advance the field, and present details of some suggested approaches to foster translation in the field of renal regeneration. Our goal is to encourage coordination of methodologies (standardization) and long-lasting collaborations to improve protocols and models to lead to reproducible, interpretable, high-quality preclinical data. This approach will certainly increase our chance to 1 day offer stem cell therapeutic options for patients with all-too-common renal diseases. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:82-92.
A Comparative Study of the Phase Distribution in Carbon-Silica Hybrid Fillers for Rubber Obtained by Different Methods (2014)

Different types of carbon-silica fillers were prepared via pyrolysis-cum-water vapor of waste green tires tread and impregnation method. Dual phase fillers have been characterized by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) or STEM-EDX. Phase distribution in hybrid fillers for rubber was investigated. The results achieved show that the conditions of obtaining influence the distribution and the location of the phases in the carbon-silica hybrid fillers as well as their most essential characteristics including specific area, oil absorption number, iodine adsorption number, ash content and others.
Dielectric wakefield accelerator experiments at the SABER facility (2007)

Electron bunches with the unparalleled combination of high charge, low emittances, and short time duration, as first produced at the SLAC Final Focus Test Beam (FFTB), are foreseen to be produced at the SABER facility. These types of bunches have enabled wakefield driven accelerating schemes of multi-GV/m in plasmas. In the context of the Dielectric Wakefield Accelerators (DWA) such beams, having rms bunch length as short as 20 um, have been used to drive 100 um and 200 um ID hollow tubes above 20 GV/m surface fields. These FFTB tests enabled the measurement of a breakdown threshold in fused silica (with full data analysis still ongoing) [1]. With the construction and commissioning of the SABER facility at SLAC, new experiments would be made possible to test further aspects of DWAs including materials, tube geometrical variations, direct measurements of the Cerenkov fields, and proof of acceleration in tubes >10 cm in length. This collaboration will investigate breakdown thresholds and accelerating fields in new materials including CVD diamond. Here we describe the experimental plans, beam parameters, simulations, and progress to date as well as future prospects for machines based of DWA structures.
Enhanced Aluminum Properties by Means of Precise Droplet Deposition (1999)

The use of molten aluminum droplets is investigated for potential application to precision droplet-based net-form manufacturing (PDM). In the proposed application, final structural components are made from the raw stock in one integrated operation by depositing molten metal droplets, layer after layer, via computer information. This work investigates the feasibility of the proposed technology by investigating the issues associated with generating molten aluminum droplets from capillary stream break-up, and examining the mechanical characteristics of the fabricated aluminum components. New results are presented which illustrate the generation of stable streams of molten aluminum droplets at rates of 24,000 droplets/second for a droplet stream speed of 10.9 m/s, corresponding to throughput rates of 2.3×10−4 kg/s (1.85 lb./hour). The droplets travel 2,500 droplet diameters in an inert environment before impingement with the substrate. Microstructural images are completely devoid of splat boundaries, which have been removed by remelting, and the grain size is approximately uniform throughout the field of view of the image that, in most cases presented, contains easily upwards of 30 splats. Also, it has been found that the presence of aluminum oxide in the melt does not influence the average grain size of the component. An oxide barrier however will encapsulate each grain if the oxides are not removed by filtration in the pre-jetting stage. The presence of aluminum oxide in the melt does not prohibit the removal of the splat boundaries. Mechanical analysis shows that fabrication with molten aluminum droplet deposition results in a 30 percent increase in ultimate tensile strength compared to the raw ingot stock. [S1087-1357(00)02402-3]
In vitro and in vivo activities of a new quinolone, WIN 57273, possessing potent activity against gram-positive bacteria (1990)

The antibacterial activity of a new 7-dimethylpyridinyl quinolone, WIN 57273, was assessed by using in vitro and in vivo models. Agar inclusion and broth dilution in vitro tests revealed broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and selected gram-negative organisms, with the greatest potency observed against the staphylococci. The MIC for 90% of coagulase-positive strains tested (MIC90) was less than or equal to 0.002 micrograms/ml; for the coagulase-negative strains the MIC90 was 0.008 micrograms/ml. Against enterococci the MIC90 was 0.06 micrograms/ml, with comparable activity observed against group A and group B streptococci as well as against the pneumococci. In general, the MIC90s for the gram-negative bacteria were less than or equal to 1 micrograms/ml. Exceptions were Serratia marcescens (MIC90, 16 micrograms/ml), Citrobacter freundii (MIC90, 4 micrograms/ml), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC90, 8 micrograms/ml). The greatest potency was observed against Haemophilus spp. and Neisseria spp., with MIC90s of 0.06 and 0.016 micrograms/ml, respectively. Broad-spectrum activity was also observed against anaerobes, with MIC90s ranging from 0.125 to 0.5 micrograms/ml among the species tested. The in vivo efficacy was determined by using a murine model by calculating the 50% protective doses against a lethal bacterial infection caused by strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The staphylocci were most susceptible, with 50% protective doses for all strains ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 mg/kg. With the exception of the Pseudomonas infection, which was refractory to treatment, animals that were part of the other infection models responded to less than 10 mg/kg. Equivalent activity was seen with the subcutaneous or the oral route of drug administration. WIN 57273 was significantly more potent than ciprofloxacin in treating gram-positive bacterial infections (2- to 20-fold) but was significantly less effective at treating gram-negative bacterial infections (30- to 300-fold).
Cystic and tubular congenital duplication of the esophagus: two case reports (2000)

Congenital esophageal duplication is a very rare occurrence. The cystic type accounts for the majority of cases, while the tubular type is far less common. We report two cases of congenital esophageal duplication in adults, one of the cystic type and the other of the tubular type.
Current Burden of Gunshot Wound Injuries at Two Los Angeles County Level I Trauma Centers (2019)

When compared with OIPI, GSW patients arrived more severely injured and required more operations, more ICU admissions, and longer hospital stays. Patients with GSW incurred significantly higher hospital charges and had a significantly higher mortality rate. Gunshot wound injury is a unique public health concern requiring comprehensive, nation-wide, contemporary study.
DESIGN OF THE NESR STORAGE RING FOR OPERATION WITH IONS AND ANTIPROTONS (2006)

The NESR storage ring of the FAIR project is designed for versatile operation with ions and antiprotons. Ions, both stable and rare isotope beams, will be used for internal ex-periments. The ion beams can be decelerated to a minimum energy of 4 MeV/u and transferred to a low energy area. Antiprotons will be decelerated from 3 GeV to a minimum energy of 30 MeV and transferred to the FLAIR low energy area. Electron cooling will provide high quality beams for experiments. Cooling will also assist the deceleration pro-cess and will allow the accumulation of rare isotope beams in longitudinal phase space.
The Use of Cryopreserved Venous Allografts in Free Tissue Transfers—Practical and Aesthetic Considerations (1990)

A case in which multiple cryopreserved allograft saphenous veins were used as vein grafts for a difficult mandible reconstruction with a free tissue transfer is reviewed. Use of allograft veins was recently reported for lower limb vascular reconstruction but not for free tissue transfers. Such grafts may represent a viable alternative to the use of autologous vein grafts and have the potential to decrease operating time and avoid necessary scars.
From the Guest Editors (2008)

From *Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and †Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Reprints: Melanie B. Thomas, MD, Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 426, Houston, Texas 77030. E-mail: [email protected].
Engineering bacterial strains through the chromosomal insertion of the chlorocatechol catabolism tfdICDEF gene cluster, to improve degradation of typical bleached Kraft pulp mill effluent pollutants (2002)

Chloroaromatic pollutants from bleached Kraft pulp mill effluents (BKME) are difficult to degrade, because bacterial strains present in BKME aerobic treatments, only partially degrade these compounds, accumulating the corresponding chlorocatechol intermediates. To improve the catabolic performance of chlorocatechol-accumulating strains, we introduced, by chromosomal insertion, the tfd I CDEF gene cluster from Ralstonia eutropha JMP134 (pJP4). This gene cluster allows dechlorination and channelling of chlorocatechols into the intermediate metabolism. Two bacterial strains, R. eutropha JMP222 and Pseudomonas putida KT2442, able to produce chlorocatechols from 3-chlorobenzoate (3-CB) were used. Acinetobacter lwoffii RB2 isolated from BKME by its ability to grow on guaiacol as sole carbon source and shown to be able to produce the corresponding chlorocatechols from the BKME pollutants 4-, and 5-chloroguaiacol, was also used. The tfd I CDEF gene cluster was inserted in the chromosome of these strains using mini Tn 5-derived vectors that allow expression of the Tfd enzymes driven by the lac I q /P trc or tfd R/P tfd-I regulatory systems, and therefore, responding to the inducers isopropyl-ß-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) or 3-CB, respectively. Crude extracts of cells from strains JMP222, KT2442 or RB2 engineered with the tfd genes, grown on benzoate and induced with IPTG or 3-CB showed Tfd specific activities of about 15% - 80% of that of the strain JMP134. Dechlorination rates for 3-CB or chloroguaiacols correlated with levels of Tfd enzymes. However, none of the strains containing the chromosomal copy of the tfd I CDEF cluster grew on monochloroaromatics as sole carbon source. Experiments with BKME aerobic treatment microcosms showed that the catabolic performance of the engineered bacteria was also lower than the wild-type R. eutropha strain JMP134.
A Density Functional Study of the MLCT States of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ in D3 Symmetry (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Density Functional Study of the MLCT States of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ in D3 SymmetryClaude Daul, Evert J. Baerends, and Pieter VernooijsCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 16, 3538–3543Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00094a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00094a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1354Altmetric-Citations159LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Noise reduction in oncology FDG PET images by iterative reconstruction: a quantitative assessment. (2001)

We conclude that OSEM reconstruction can significantly reduce image noise, especially in relatively low-count regions. OSEM reconstruction failed to improve S/N in very hot tumors, in which S/N may already be adequate for tumor detection.
Applications of machine learning to agricultural land values: prediction and causal inference (2018)

This dissertation focuses on the prediction of agricultural land values and the effects of water rights on land values using machine learning algorithms and hedonic pricing methods.I predict agricultural land values with different machine learning algorithms, including ridge regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, random forests, and extreme gradient boosting methods.To analyze the causal effects of water right seniority on agricultural land values, I use the double-selection LASSO technique.The second chapter presents the data used in the dissertation.A unique set of parcel sales from Property Valuation Division of Kansas constitute the backbone of the data used in the estimation.Along with parcel sales data, I collected detailed basis, water, tax, soil, weather, and urban influence data.This chapter provides detailed explanation of various data sources and variable construction processes.The third chapter presents different machine learning models for irrigated agricultural land price predictions in Kansas.Researchers, and policymakers use different models and data sets for price prediction.Recently developed machine learning methods have the power to improve the predictive ability of the models estimated.In this chapter I estimate several machine learning models for predicting the agricultural land values in Kansas.Results indicate that the predictive power of the machine learning methods are stronger compared to standard econometric methods.Median absolute error in extreme gradient boosting estimation is 0.1312 whereas it is 0.6528 in simple OLS model.The fourth chapter examines whether water right seniority is capitalized into irrigated agricultural land values in Kansas.Using a unique data set of irrigated agricultural land sales, I analyze the causal effect of water right seniority on agricultural land values.A possible concern during the estimation of hedonic models is the omitted variable bias so we use doubleselection LASSO regression and its variable selection properties to overcome the omitted variable bias.I also estimate generalized additive models to analyze the nonlinearities that may exist.Results show that water rights have a positive impact on irrigated land prices inKansas.An additional year of water right seniority causes irrigated land value to increase nearly $17 per acre.Further analysis also suggest a nonlinear relationship between seniority and agricultural land prices.
Tuning high-performance scientific codes (2001)

Large-scale parallel simulations are a popular tool for investigating phenomena ranging from nuclear explosions to protein folding. These codes produce copious output that must be moved to the workstation where it will be visualized. Scientists have a variety of tools to help them with this data movement, and often have several different platforms available to them for their runs. Thus questions arise such as, which data migration approach is best for a particular code and platform? Which will provide the best end-to-end response time, or lowest cost? Scientists also control how much data is output, and how often. From a scientific perspective, the more output the better; but from a cost and response time perspective, how much output is too much? To answer these questions, we built performance models for data migration approaches and verified them on parallel and sequential platforms. We use a 3D hydrodynamics code to show how scientists can use the models to predict performance and tune the I/O aspects of their codes.