gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel mechanical transducers for switched capacitor circuits (2015)

In this paper a novel Switched Capacitor (SC) approach based on mechanical switches driven by vibrations has been developed. The proposed transduction mechanism has been compared with a common class of discrete-time SC-conditioning circuits based on electronic switches (BJT, MOS, pass-transistors). Authors already proposed two magnetically-coupled cantilevers having each one a bistable behavior in order to implement SC topologies. In this paper a novel approach based on multiple coupled cantilevers having stoppers located only on the top of the beams has been presented. This configuration improves previous works in terms of noise and nonlinear effects attenuation, furthermore it represents a suitable solution to perform micro and nano-scale devices. Analytical models are presented here together with experimental characterization results on laboratory prototype.
Spontaneous Transfer of Parahydrogen Derived Spin Order to Pyridine at Low Magnetic Field (2009)

The cationic iridium complex [Ir(COD)(PCy(3))(py)]BF(4) (1) is shown to react with dihydrogen in the presence of pyridine (py) to form the dihydride complex fac,cis-[Ir(PCy(3))(py)(3)(H)(2)]BF(4) (2). Complex 2 undergoes rapid exchange of the two bound pyridine ligands which are trans to hydride with free pyridine; the activation parameters for this process in methanol are DeltaH(double dagger) = 97.4 +/- 9 kJ mol(-1) and DeltaS(double dagger) = 84 +/- 31 J K(-1) mol(-1). When parahydrogen is employed as a source of nuclear spin polarization, spontaneous magnetization transfer proceeds in low magnetic field from the two nascent hydride ligands of 2 to its other NMR active nuclei. Upon interrogation by NMR spectroscopy in a second step, signal enhancements in excess of 100 fold are observed for the (1)H, (13)C and (15)N resonances of free pyridine after ligand exchange. The degree of signal enhancement in the free substrate is increased by employing electronically rich and sterically encumbered phosphine ligands such as PCy(3), PCy(2)Ph, or P(i)Pr(3) and by optimizing the strength of the magnetic field in which polarization transfer occurs.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION. 20. REMARKABLE NUCLEOPHILE‐CATALYZED ELECTROPHILIC REACTIONS OF ARYL‐ AND HETEROARYLTRIMETHYL SILANES (1981)

Abstract Die Aryl‐trimethylsilane (I) reagieren mit Benzaldehyd (II) in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen K‐tert: butylat bei Reaktionstemp. zunehmend von ‐60 bis +100°C mit der aufgeführten X‐Reihenfolge zu den Benzhydrylsilylethern (IIIa), die sich leicht zu den Benzhydrolen (IIIb) (keine Ausb.‐Angabe) hydrolysieren lassen.
Synthesis and Antitumor Evaluation of Symmetrical 1,5-Diamidoanthraquinone Derivatives as Compared to Their Disubstituted Homologues (2006)

A series of symmetrical 1,5-diamidoanthraquinone derivatives with potentially bioreducible groups has been synthesized and their cytostatic activity against the panel of various cancer cell lines in vitro has been studied. Preliminary structure-activity relationships were established. The results indicated that compounds 5 and 18 exhibited significant potent cytotoxicity at 1.24-1.75 microM for Hepa G2 cell line; compounds 5, 16, and 18 exhibited cytotoxicity at 0.14-1.82 microM for 2.2.15 cell line as determined by XTT colorimetric assay. Two structurally related compounds, mitoxantrone and adriamycin, were tested in parallel as positive controls. In addition, it was found that compounds 5 and 18 were a more potent and specific human hepatoma cell line than mitoxantrone and showed comparable activity to adriamycin. Among them, compound 18 was the most potent for 2.2.15 cells. We have demonstrated that the anthraquinone moiety is essential for activity and that less sterically hindered substituents contribute to enhanced in vitro efficacy. Implications for amidoanthraquinone cytotoxicity as potential anticancer agents are discussed. We further delineate the nature of the pharmacophore for this class of compounds, which provides a rational basis for the structure-activity relationships.
Age-Related Deterioration of Mitochondrial Function in the Intestine (2020)

Aging is an important and inevitable biological process in human life, associated with the onset of chronic disease and death. The mechanisms behind aging remain unclear. However, changes in mitochondrial function and structure, including reduced activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and increased production of reactive oxygen species-thus oxidative damage-are believed to play a major role. Mitochondria are the main source of cellular energy, producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via oxidative phosphorylation. Accumulation of damaged cellular components reduces a body's capacity to preserve tissue homeostasis and affects biological aging and all age-related chronic conditions. This includes the onset and progression of classic degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Clinical manifestations of intestinal disorders, such as mucosal barrier dysfunction, intestinal dysmotility, and chronic obstipation, are highly prevalent in the elderly population and have been shown to be associated with an age-dependent decline of mitochondrial function. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in intestinal aging.
Aggressive behaviour in mice provokes a marked increase in both plasma epidermal growth factor and renin (1981)

The plasma concentration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in normal, nephrectomized and sialectomized mice is about 0.5 nmol/l. Aggressive behaviour results in a parallel increase in both plasma EGF and plasma renin for both normal and nephrectomized mice. The plasma concentration of EGF increases around 300- and 150-fold respectively; no increase is observed in sialectomized mice, suggesting that the submaxillary gland is an important source of liberated EGF. Virtually all the EGF is found in plasma as a low molecular species that behaves as pure EGF, when examined by radioimmuno- and radioreceptor assays.
A green catalyst for green chemistry: Synthesis and application of an olefin metathesis catalyst bearing a quaternary ammonium group (2006)

The novel catalyst 8, bearing a polar quaternary ammonium group, is very stable and can be easily prepared from commercially available reagents. Catalyst 8 can be efficiently used for olefin metathesis not only in traditional but also in aqueous media. Various ring closing-, cross- and enyne-metathesis reactions were conducted in water–methanol mixtures in air. The electron withdrawing quaternary ammonium group not only activates the catalyst chemically, but at the same time allows its efficient separation after reaction. Application of 8 leads to organic products of high purity, which exhibit very low ruthenium contamination levels (12–68 ppm) after filtering through a pad of silica gel.
A Preparation of 3β-Hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one-4-C14 (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Preparation of 3β-Hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one-4-C14MILAN USKOKOVIć, RALPH I. DORFMAN, and MARCEL GUTCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 12, 1947–1951Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01106a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01106a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gene-Environment Interactions: Paraoxonase (PON1) and Sensitivity to Organophosphate Toxicity (2006)

Paraoxonase (PON1) is a liver and plasma enzyme that hydrolyzes the active metabolites of several organophosphorus insecticides. PON1 displays several polymorphisms that influence both its level of expression and its catalytic activity, thereby determining the rates at which a given individual will detoxify a specific insecticide. Studies in genetically modified mice have elucidated the role played by PON1 in modulating the toxicity of organophosphates. Low PON1 activity during early development may be involved in the enhanced sensitivity of the young toward organophosphate toxicity. Studies in humans should assess PON1 status of individuals, which takes into account both genetic polymorphisms and plasma activity.
Providing a framework to improve the performance of business process management projects based on BPMN (2016)

Modeling of business processes, based on Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN), helps analysts and managers to understand business processes, and, identify their shortages. These models provide a context to make rational decision of organizing business processes activities in an understandable manner. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework for better understanding of business processes and their problems by reducing the cognitive load of displayed information for their audience at different managerial levels while keeping the essential information which are needed by them. For this reason, we integrate business process diagrams across the different managerial levels to develop a framework to improve the performance of business process management (BPM) projects. This framework, which is referred to as “Business Process Improvement Framework Based on Managerial Levels (BPIML)” in this paper, considers three levels of management (Organizational level managers, Process /Departmental level managers and Activity level managers) for manager of an organization. Then, defines certain types of models based on BPMN, for each management level, by taking into the account the objectives and tasks of various managerial levels in organizations and their role in Business Process Management (BPM) projects. This framework will make us able to provide the necessary support for making decisions about business processes. The framework is evaluated with a case study in a real business process improvement project, to demonstrate its superiority over the conventional method. A questionnaire consisted of 10 questions using Likert scale was designed and given to the participants (three managerial levels). The results of this questionnaire suggested that, managers and senior experts of the organization considered utilization of the proposed framework improving for implementation of BPM projects and provide support for correct and timely decisions by increasing the clarity and transparency of the business processes which led to success in BPM projects.
HV resonant converter for photomultipliers tube bases (2003)

A newly developed parallel resonant DC-DC high-voltage converter for photomultiplier bases is presented. The converter makes use of the leakage inductance and secondary-side stray capacitance of its set-up transformer to form a resonant circuit. A Cockcroft-Walton multiplier then generates high voltage from the intermediate voltage of the transformer secondary. Regulation is closed loop and provides an output that is a multiple of an analog reference voltage. For digital systems, a digital-to-analog converter drives the reference. This design features low power dissipation, low electromagnetic-interference emission, relative ease of remote operation, and the elimination of HV cables.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Off-line capillary electrophoresis laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for elemental speciation (2008)

On-line kombinace CE a ICP MS se bežně použiva pro citlivou elementarně specifickou detekci. Vsechny spojeni jsou založene na přimem spojeni přes nebulizer, což vede ke sniženi rozliseni v důsledku indukovaneho tlaku v kapilaře. Nas přistup spociva ve sbirani frakci na vhodný substrat a celý separacni zaznam je analyzovan v off-line modu za využiti laserove ablace/desorpce ICP MS.
NAD pyrophosphorylase from yeast chromatin. Purification and properties. (1987)

NAD pyrophosporylase has been purified to homogeneity from baker's yeast. The purification procedure is relatively simple and consists of high salt extraction of enzyme activity, precipitation with polyethylenimine followed by ion exchange and by ligand chromatography separations. The final enzyme preparation is homogeneous as judged by a single Coomassie blue-stainable band when run on non-denaturing and denaturating polyacrylamide gels. The native enzyme shows a molecular weight of about 200,000 calculated by gel filtration and sucrose gradient centrifugation. The protein possess quaternary structure and is composed by four apparently identical Mr 50,000 subunits. The absorption spectrum shows a maximum at 280 nm and a minimum at 253 nm. Isoelectric point is 6.2. Amino acid composition shows the presence of 28 half-cystine residues, in agreement with the results obtained by titrating the enzyme in denaturing conditions with Ellman's reagent upon previous incubation with sodium borohydride. NAD pyrophosphorylase is a glycoprotein containing 2% sugar, 2 moles of alkali-labile phosphate per enzyme mol, and 1 mol of adenine moiety per enzyme mol. Therefore the possibility that the enzyme is ADP-ribosylated exists. Km for ATP, NMN and NaMN are 0.11 mM, 0.19 mM and 5 mM respectively. Kinetic analysis reveals a behaviour which is consistent with an ordered sequential Bi-Bi mechanism. pH optimum is in the range 7.2-8.4.
Interaction between Ionized and Molecular Gas in the Active Star‐forming Region W31 (2002)

We have carried out 21 cm radio continuum, H76_\alpha radio recombination line, and various (CO, ^13CO, CS, & C^34S) molecular line observations of the W31 complex. Our radio continuum data show that W31 is composed of two extended HII regions, G10.2-0.3 and G10.3-0.1, each of which comprises an ultracompact HII region, two or more compact components, and diffuse envelope. The W31 cloud appears as an incomplete shell on the whole and consists of southern spherical and northern flat components, which are associated with G10.2-0.3 and G10.3-0.1, respectively. We detect two large and massive CS-emitting regions in the northern and southern cloud components. The large amount of dense gas may suggest that the W31 cloud has ability to form rich stellar clusters and that star formation has only recently begun. The extended envelopes of both G10.2-0.3 and G10.3-0.1 are likely to be results of the champagne flows, based on the distributions of ionized and molecular gas and the velocity gradient of H76_\alpha line emission. We find strong evidence of bipolar molecular outflows associated with the two ultracompact HII regions. In the vicinity of the ultracompact and compact HII regions in G10.3-0.1, the CO J=2-1/J=1-0 intensity ratio is high (1.4) and a small but prominent molecular gas hollow exists. These observations strongly indicate that the HII regions and their ionizing stars are interacting with the molecular cloud. Therefore, it is most likely that recently formed massive stars are actively disrupting their parental molecular cloud in the W31 complex.
Laser Dosimetry Studies in the Prostate (1998)

PDT can be used to destroy prostatic tissue. Real-time optical dosimetry is necessary if accurate lesion volume control is desired.
Membrane protein insertion and assembly by the bacterial holo-translocon SecYEG–SecDF–YajC–YidC (2016)

Protein secretion and membrane insertion occur through the ubiquitous Sec machinery. In this system, insertion involves the targeting of translating ribosomes via the signal recognition particle and its cognate receptor to the SecY (bacteria and archaea)/Sec61 (eukaryotes) translocon. A common mechanism then guides nascent transmembrane helices (TMHs) through the Sec complex, mediated by associated membrane insertion factors. In bacteria, the membrane protein 'insertase' YidC ushers TMHs through a lateral gate of SecY to the bilayer. YidC is also thought to incorporate proteins into the membrane independently of SecYEG. Here, we show the bacterial holo-translocon (HTL) - a supercomplex of SecYEG-SecDF-YajC-YidC - is a bona fide resident of the Escherichia coli inner membrane. Moreover, when compared with SecYEG and YidC alone, the HTL is more effective at the insertion and assembly of a wide range of membrane protein substrates, including those hitherto thought to require only YidC.
Electricity generation from digitally printed cyanobacteria (2017)

Microbial biophotovoltaic cells exploit the ability of cyanobacteria and microalgae to convert light energy into electrical current using water as the source of electrons. Such bioelectrochemical systems have a clear advantage over more conventional microbial fuel cells which require the input of organic carbon for microbial growth. However, innovative approaches are needed to address scale-up issues associated with the fabrication of the inorganic (electrodes) and biological (microbe) parts of the biophotovoltaic device. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of using a simple commercial inkjet printer to fabricate a thin-film paper-based biophotovoltaic cell consisting of a layer of cyanobacterial cells on top of a carbon nanotube conducting surface. We show that these printed cyanobacteria are capable of generating a sustained electrical current both in the dark (as a 'solar bio-battery') and in response to light (as a 'bio-solar-panel') with potential applications in low-power devices.
Introduction (1983)

Our initial approach to the subject of the household and family took its cue from prevailing expectations about the shape of the family in the past. It was almost inevitable that the discussion should focus on whether families were larger or smaller then than now, and in particular whether households were more or less likely to contain relatives beyond the immediate nuclear core of head, spouse, and unmarried child. Even so, Household and family in past time, when published in 1972, contained within it a great deal more than a simple statement about the predominance of the nuclear family in pre-industrial society, although the information on children, servants, and marital status is often by-passed by those eager to denounce, or defend, its major theme.
Development of Instrumentation System Based on DSP (2011)

Development process and physical structure of instrumentation development system based on DSP chips are given.The system is constructed of the host computer simulation configuration system,communication system between upper and lower computers and hardware platform developed on the basis of DSP and its analytical system for lower computers.Focusing on the deficiencies of existing technologies,the technical approach of the necessary instruments is simplified,and the bottom drawing of LCD screen,automatic data display,communication between upper and lower computers,data processing and waveform drawing are integrated into a unified development system.Therefore,it reduces the developers' workload and improves developer's productivity.
Lewis Base-catalyzed [2,3]-Wittig Rearrangement of Silyl Enolates Generated from α-Allyloxy Ketones (2005)

Abstract Silyl enolates generated from α-allyloxy ketones afforded the [2,3]-Wittig rearrangement products in good to high yields in the presence of a catalytic amount of Lewis base such as lithium 2-pyrrolidone, lithium acetamide, or lithium hexamethyldisilazide in DMF at room temperature.
A Case Report of Metachronous Liver Metastasis from Rectal Carcinoma Presenting as an Extrahepatic Growing Tumor. (1999)

直腸癌の根治術後9年目に発見された, 極めて非典型的な転移性肝癌を経験した.症例は74歳の男性で, 肝S6より肝外に突出した直径約6cmの肝腫瘍と門脈右前枝の腫瘍塞栓を認めた.直腸癌術後に長期間が経過し, 肝外突出や門脈内腫瘍塞栓など肝細胞癌に比較的特徴的な所見がみられたため, 肝外発育型肝細胞癌の疑いのもとに肝右葉切除を施行したところ, 直腸癌の異時性肝転移であった.転移性肝癌においては, 肝外に突出した形態はまれで, 明らかな門脈内腫瘍塞栓を有し肝切除可能であった報告も少ない.大腸癌術後に肝辺縁部の肝腫瘍がみられた場合には, 長期経過後で非典型的な進展様式であった場合にも, 異時性肝転移の可能性を念頭に置く必要があると思われた.
Effects of Free and Liposome-Encapsulated Hemoglobin on Choroidal Vascular Plexus Blood Flow, Using the Rabbit Eye as a Model System (1999)

Purpose This study investigated the vasoconstrictive effects of both stroma-free and liposome-encapsulated cross-linked hemoglobin (Hb) on vascular plexus hemodynamics, using the choroid of the rabbit eye as a model system. Methods Sequential subtraction of high-speed ICG fluorescence angiogram images facilitated visualization of the time-varying patterns of blood flow distribution in the choriocapillaris during the cardiac cycle. Differences between baseline and post-hemoglobin injection blood flow distributions were analyzed. Likewise, differences in the time-varying patterns of flow distribution between the particulate and liquid phases of blood during a cardiac cycle were investigated, since this may bear on differences in vasoactivity induced by circulating stroma-free vs. encapsulated Hb. Results Cross-linked Hb induced a transient, but marked, localized reduction in choriocapillaris blood flow. This effect was significantly attenuated when liposome encapsulated cross-linked hemoglobin was administered. Plexus blood flow distribution was different for particulate and liquid ICG. Conclusions Differences in particulate and liquid ICG flow patterns suggest that one contribution to the different plexus blood flow patterns observed in the encapsulated and free Hb experiments may be due to differences in liquid and particle-bound Hb distribution within the plexus. The observed choriocapillaris blood flow reductions may be attributable to an aggregate endothelial cell contractility induced by presence of extra-cellular Hb in the choriocapillaris plexus.
Keratinocyte-Specific Stat3 Heterozygosity Impairs Development of Skin Tumors in Human Papillomavirus 8 Transgenic Mice (2010)

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) of the genus β are thought to play a role in human skin cancers, but this has been difficult to establish using epidemiologic approaches. To gain insight into the transforming activities of β-HPV, transgenic mouse models have been generated that develop skin tumors. Recent evidence suggests a central role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) as a transcriptional node for cancer cell-autonomous initiation of a tumor-promoting gene signature associated with cell proliferation, cell survival, and angiogenesis. Moreover, high levels of phospho-Stat3 have been detected in tumors arising in HPV8-CER transgenic mice. In this study, we investigate the in vivo role of Stat3 in HPV8-induced skin carcinogenesis by combining our established experimental model of HPV8-induced skin cancer with epidermis-restricted Stat3 ablation. Stat3 heterozygous epidermis was less prone to tumorigenesis than wild-type epidermis. Three of the 23 (13%) Stat3(+/-):HPV8 animals developed tumors within 12 weeks of life, whereas 54.3% of Stat3(+/+):HPV8 mice already exhibited tumors in the same observation period (median age for tumor appearance, 10 weeks). The few tumors that arose in the Stat3(+/-):HPV8 mice were benign and never progressed to a more malignant phenotype. Collectively, these results offer direct evidence of a critical role for Stat3 in HPV8-driven epithelial carcinogenesis. Our findings imply that targeting Stat3 activity in keratinocytes may be a viable strategy to prevent and treat HPV-induced skin cancer.