gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extending the effectiveness of 3D-stacked DRAM caches with an adaptive multi-queue policy (2009)

3D-integration is a promising technology to help combat the "Memory Wall" in future multi-core processors. Past work has considered using 3D-stacked DRAM as a large last-level cache (LLC). While significant performance benefits can be gained with such an approach, there remain additional opportunities beyond the simple integration of commodity DRAM chips. In this work, we leverage the hardware organization typical of DRAM architectures to propose new cache management policies that would otherwise not be practical for standard SRAM-based caches. We propose a cache where each set is organized as multiple logical FIFO or queue structures that simultaneously provide performance isolation between threads as well as reduce the number of entries occupied by dead lines. Our results show that beyond the simplistic approach of stacking DRAM as cache, such tightly-integrated 3D architectures enable new opportunities for optimizing and improving system performance.
Early Events During Quiescent Infection Development by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in Unripe Avocado Fruits (2000)

Inoculation of avocado pericarp tissue with Colletotrichum gloeospori-oides and treatment of avocado cell cultures with the cell wall elicitor of C. gloeosporioidesboth increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, whereas the production of ROS could be detected within minutes in avocado cell suspensions, it was detected only after 2 h following inoculation of pericarp tissue. Protein kinase inhibitors such as K-252a and staurosporine and the phosphatase inhibitor microcystin-LR inhibited the release of H(2)O(2) from avocado cell suspensions. When 1 mM H(2)O(2) was exogenously applied to pericarp tissue, it enhanced ROS, phenyl-alanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity, and epicatechin levels. But, when H(2)O(2) treatment was applied following staurosporine treatment, PAL activity was no longer induced. The uninduced ROS production in pericarp tissue of freshly harvested, unripe, resistant fruit was twice as high as in ripe, susceptible fruit. Challenge inoculation of resistant fruit further increased the ROS level; however, this increase did not occur in susceptible fruits. The current findings are consistent with the hypothesis that production of ROS is induced by fungal infection of unripe fruits and, consequently, may modulate resistance, resulting in the inhibition of fungal development and quiescence.
An anomaly in disk scheduling (1976)

A model for disk accesses based on published measurements is developed. The model is used to show that under highly probable conditions, FCFS seek scheduling is superior to SSTF scheduling in the sense of having a lower mean queue length. A simple example of an arrival sequence illustrating this anomaly is presented.
IGF-R MEDIATES THE FIBRONECTIN-INDUCED PROTECTION FROM APOPTOSIS IN PANCREATIC CANCER CELLS (2005)

Background & Aims: Pancreatic cancer is very fibrotic. We have recently showed that extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins protect pancreatic cancer cells from death. Insulin-like growth factor receptor-I (IGF-R) plays a critical role in both stimulation of growth and inhibition of pancreatic cancer cells death. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of IGF-R in the fibronectin-induced protection from apoptosis. Methods: Human pancreatic carcinoma cells MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 were cultured for up to 48 h on polyHEMA (to prevent ECM deposition and cell attachment) or on fibronectin (FN). The expression and phosphorylation of IGF-R, Akt as well as anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and BclxL were assessed by Western blot analysis. Apoptosis was measured by DNA fragmentation using Cell Death ELISA kit, caspase activity, and AnV/PI staining. Results: Fibronectin-induced inhibition of apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells is abolished by IGF-R inhibitor AG-1024 and by transfection with IGF-R antisense oligonucleotides. FN transactivates IGF-R through two mechanisms. First by up-regulating IGF-R phosphorylation; our data suggest that FN stimulated IGF-R phosphorylation by inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) SHP-2. The second mechanism is through up-regulating IGF-R protein level; this effect was inhibited by PI3-kinase inhibitor LY294002. Inhibiting IGF-R with both pharmacological and molecular approaches also abolished fibronectin-induced activation of downstream anti-apoptotic signaling, in particular, expression of anti-apoptotic protein BclxL. Conclusion: IGF-R mediates the pro-survival effect of FN in pancreatic cancer cells. FN transactivates IGFR through two mechanisms. FN phosphorylates IGFR through inhibiting PTP SHP-2 and up-regulates IGF-R expression through PI3/Akt kinase dependent mechanism. IGF-R transactivation results in the up-regulation of BclxL and inhibition of apoptosis. The results suggest that targeting IGF-R would prevent anti-apoptotic effects of both IGF and FN. They also suggest SHP-2 as a potential therapeutic target to regulate apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.
Homeostatic Imbalance of Purine Catabolism in First-Episode Neuroleptic-Naïve Patients with Schizophrenia (2010)

During purine catabolism, both conversions of Gr to G and of Xant to Xan are reversible. Decreased ratios of product to precursor suggested a shift favorable to Xant production from Xan, resulting in decreased UA levels in the FENNS. Specifically, the reduced UA/Gr ratio was nearly normalized after 4 weeks of antipsychotic treatment. In addition, there are tightly correlated precursor and product relationships within purine pathways; although some of these correlations persist across disease or medication status, others appear to be lost among FENNS. Taken together, these results suggest that the potential for steady formation of antioxidant UA from purine catabolism is altered early in the course of illness.
Translation of the poly(A) tail plays crucial roles in nonstop mRNA surveillance via translation repression and protein destabilization by proteasome in yeast (2007)

mRNA surveillance system represses the expression of nonstop mRNA by rapid mRNA degradation and translation repression. Here we show that the level of protein product of nonstop mRNA containing a poly(A) tail was reduced 100-fold, and this reduction was due to rapid mRNA degradation, translation repression, and protein destabilization, at least in part, by the proteasome. Insertion of a poly(A) tract upstream of a termination codon resulted in translation repression and protein destabilization, but not rapid mRNA decay. We propose that translation of the poly(A) tail plays crucial roles in nonstop mRNA surveillance via translation repression and protein destabilization.
A GEO Satellite Position and Beam Features Estimation Method Based on Beam Edge Positions (2019)

Constrained by orbital configuration and spectrum sharing, non-geostationary orbit (NGEO) satellites may be interfered when they are in the beam range of geostationary orbit (GEO) satellite. However, it is difficult for NGEO operators to determine the signal source. Herein, we propose a method to locate the GEO signal source and estimate beam features, including beam pointing azimuth, elevation, and beamwidth, by the beam edge positions. We transform this estimation problem into two optimization problems by minimizing the estimation error, and solve both of them through a multi-variable joint iteration method with acceptable computation complexity. Numerical results show that when NGEO satellites pass through the beam twice, the longitude estimation error is about 0.01 degree, and the estimation results will be more and more accurate as the number of passing times increases. Besides, the proposed method is also effective when there are kilometer-level errors in beam edge positions.
Trifunctional Electrocatalysis on Dual‐Doped Graphene Nanorings–Integrated Boxes for Efficient Water Splitting and Zn–Air Batteries (2019)

Abstract Despite the exciting achievements made in synthesis of monofunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), or hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), it is challenging to develop trifunctional electrocatalysts for both ORR/OER/HER. Herein, N, O‐codoped graphene nanorings‐integrated boxes (denoted NOGB) are crafted via high‐temperature pyrolysis and following acid etching of hybrid precursors containing polymers and Prussian blue analogue cubes. The electrochemical results signified that the resulting NOGB‐800 (800 refers to pyrolysis temperature) is highly active for trifunctional electrocatalysis of ORR/OER/HER. This can be reasonably attributed to the advanced nanostructures (i.e., the hierarchically porous nanostructures on the hollow nanorings) and unique chemical compositions (i.e., N, O‐codoped graphene). More attractively, the rechargeable Zn–air battery based on NOGB‐800 displays maximum power density of 111.9 mW cm −2 with small charge–discharge potential of 0.72 V and excellent stability of 30 h, comparable with the Pt/C+Ir/C counterpart. The NOGB‐800 could also be utilized as bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting to yield current density of 10 mA cm −2 at a voltage of 1.65 V, surpassing most reported electrocatalysts. Therefore, the NOGB‐800 is a promising candidate instead of precious metal–based electrocatalysts for the efficient Zn–air battery and water splitting.
Propagation prediction in a vegetated residential area using the combined method of ray tracing and diffraction (2004)

A theoretical method - the combined method of ray tracing and diffraction (CM-RTD), based on geometric optics and Kirchhoff diffraction theory, is used to compute the intensity behind one row of trees/buildings. In this work, the two-dimensional cases in which a cylindrical wave or plane wave is normally incident upon a row of trees/buildings are discussed.
Therapeutic Antibodies Coming through the Pipeline (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFEATURENEXTTherapeutic Antibodies Coming through the PipelineChristine PiggeeCite this: Anal. Chem. 2008, 80, 7, 2305–2310Publication Date (Web):April 1, 2008Publication History Published online1 April 2008Published inissue 1 April 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac086033vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac086033vnewsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1085Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (648 KB) Get e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Immunology,Peptides and proteins,Therapeutics Get e-Alerts
Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of rhesus rotavirus vaccine given in combination with oral or inactivated poliovirus vaccines and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (1991)

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of the oral rhesus rotavirus vaccine (RRV) were assessed among 72 infants (6 weeks old) in Lahore, Pakistan, from August to December 1985. Special emphasis was placed on the possible interaction or interference caused by giving RRV at the time infants received their first polio immunization. RRV was given to the infants at the same time as diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP), oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), or inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). The immune response to RRV was assessed by plaque-reduction neutralization 3 weeks after immunization and serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA antibody levels to poliovirus type 1 were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after polio immunizations. Of the infants in the group given RRV with OPV, 50% had a two- to four-fold rise in neutralization titre against rotavirus, compared with 22% in the group given RRV with DTP and 20% in the group given RRV and IPV (P less than 0.05). Interference by live oral polio vaccination in the response to RRV seems unlikely. We observed no significant difference in rates of seroconversion of IgG antibodies to poliovirus type 1 among infants aged 18 and 21 weeks who received RRV and OPV (81%), RRV with delayed OPV (67%), or RRV and IPV (59%). Administration of RRV was safe and was not associated with adverse reactions in the 6 weeks old infants. The low rate of seroconversion to rotavirus suggests that a more antigen-rich vaccine or multiple doses of the same vaccine might produce a better immune response.
Polyol mixture supplementation in the diet of breeding sows and piglets (1980)

In a factorial 2x2 experiment the use of a polyol mixture (sugar alcohols) in the diet of sows and piglets was investigated. The trial was performed with 26 sows divided into two groups. The polyol sows were fed 180 g polyol mixture daily, and for polyol group piglets the polyol supplementation in creep feed was 5 %. The average number of piglets per litter in the control group was 10.3 and in the polyol group 9.2. The addition of polyols to the diet of sows had only a small effect on the performance of piglets. The piglets receiving polyols in creep feed gained during 1—21 days post partum 21.1 % more than controls and during the rest of the lactation period 7 % more (P &gt; 0.05). The incidence of diarrhoea in piglets of polyol groups was slightly higher compared with controls. The consumption of creep feed supplemented with polyols tended to be higher than consumption of control feed. Colostrum and milk samples were taken for analysis within 12 h after feeding and 7 and 21 days thereafter. The protein and lactose contents of colostrum and milk were slightly higher and the fat content lower from sows receiving polyols, but the differences were not significant. The mineral and amino acid composition was also analysed.
Peripheral pain is enhanced by insulin-like growth factor 1 through a G protein–mediated stimulation of T-type calcium channels (2014)

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is implicated in the nociceptive (pain) sensitivity of primary afferent neurons. We found that the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) functionally stimulated voltage-gated T-type Ca(2+) (CaV3) channels in mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons through a mechanism dependent on heterotrimeric G protein (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein) signaling. IGF-1 increased T-type channel currents in small-diameter DRG neurons in a manner dependent on IGF-1 concentration and IGF-1R but independent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). The intracellular subunit of IGF-1R coimmunoprecipitated with Gαo. Blocking G protein signaling by the intracellular application of guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-β-S or with pertussis toxin abolished the stimulatory effects of IGF-1. Antagonists of protein kinase Cα (PKCα), but not of PKCβ, abolished the IGF-1-induced T-type channel current increase. Application of IGF-1 increased membrane abundance of PKCα, and PKCα inhibition (either pharmacologically or genetically) abolished the increase in T-type channel currents stimulated by IGF-1. IGF-1 increased action potential firing in DRG neurons and increased the sensitivity of mice to both thermal and mechanical stimuli applied to the hindpaw, both of which were attenuated by intraplantar injection of a T-type channel inhibitor. Furthermore, inhibiting IGF-1R signaling or knocking down CaV3.2 or PKCα in DRG neurons abolished the increased mechanical and thermal sensitivity that mice exhibited under conditions modeling chronic hindpaw inflammation. Together, our results showed that IGF-1 enhances T-type channel currents through the activation of IGF-1R that is coupled to a G protein-dependent PKCα pathway, thereby increasing the excitability of DRG neurons and the sensitivity to pain.
A Wireless, Passive Magnetoelastic Force–Mapping System for Biomedical Applications (2013)

A wireless, passive force–mapping system based on changes in magnetic permeability of soft, amorphous Metglas 2826MB strips is presented for long-term force/stress monitoring on biomedical devices. The presented technology is demonstrated for use in lower-limb prosthetics to ensure proper postoperative fitting by providing real-time monitoring of the force distribution at the body-prosthesis interface. The sensor system consisted of a force-sensitive magnetoelastic sensing strip array that monitored applied loading as an observed change in the peak amplitude of the measured magnetic higher-order harmonic signal of each array element. The change in higher-order harmonic signal is caused by the change in the magnetic permeability of the sensing strips that corresponds to an increase in strip magnetization. After loading, the measured higher-order harmonic signals were fed into an algorithm to determine the applied forces, allowing for determination of the real-time loading profile at the body prosthesis interface.
An isotropic three-dimensional negative-refractive-index transmission-line metamaterial (2005)

We propose an isotropic three-dimensional (3D) negative-refractive-index medium using transmission lines loaded with reactive elements. The medium is referred to as the 3D dual transmission line (TL). Analytical expressions are derived which provide insight into the backward-wave propagation supported by the proposed medium. The dispersion characteristics of a physically realizable 3D dual TL are computed using a full-wave eigenmode solution of Maxwell’s equations based on the finite-element method. In addition, scattering parameters for a slab made of the 3D dual TL are presented. The described approach can be generalized for synthesizing a wide range of 3D metamaterials with tailored material parameters including both isotropic and anisotropic designs.
HIV Infection Accelerates Gastrointestinal Tumor Outgrowth in NSG-HuPBL Mice (2014)

HIV infection is a risk factor for the tumorigenesis including non-AIDS-defining cancers such as those of the gastrointestinal tract. However, the mechanisms underlying such cancer outgrowth are still unknown. Furthermore, combined HIV/cancer studies are difficult to evaluate using primate models or in the clinical patient setting. To understand the mechanisms of tumor outgrowth in the context of HIV infection, we adopted a humanized mouse model permissive to infection and cancer as well as an in vivo humanized mouse challenge with colon cancer in the context of HIV infection. Immunodeficient NOD SCID IL-2R(-/-) mice were immunologically reconstituted by adoptive transfer of 10(7) HIV-negative donor peripheral blood leukocytes and challenged with 10(6) HCT116 human colon cancer cells. A group of mice was treated with antiretroviral therapy. Tumor microenvironment and epithelial tissues in the context of HIV infection were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. We demonstrate that HIV-infected humanized mice develop significantly larger tumors than uninfected mice (p<0.05). Epithelial cell proliferation in HIV-infected mice is significantly enhanced in comparison to proliferation in uninfected mice (p<0.01). Moreover, the activation of β-catenin, an important step in intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, is elevated in the tumors of HIV-infected mice (p<0.0001). Importantly, antiretroviral therapy reverses these pathological processes independently of CD4(+) T cell return. These findings model the ability of HIV infection to result in tumor outgrowth that is evident in HIV-positive patients and lend insight into previously unrecognized mechanisms that may underlie this pathology.
Immittance spectral pairs (ISP) for speech encoding (1993)

Immittance spectral pairs (ISPs) form a new set of parameters for representing the linear predictive coding (LPC) filter. For a filter of order n ISP consists of a gain and n-1 frequency parameters, instead of n frequency parameters as is the case for line spectrum pair (LSPs). In regarding LPC as a pseudo-model for the vocal tract, ISP can represent the immitance at the glottis without imposing, like LSP, artificial boundary conditions. In quantization experiments ISP has been found to compare favorably with LSP. A study of interframe differentiation coding for ISP and LSP demonstrates the respective performances of the two sets.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Early mammalian development: from basic research to the clinic (2019)

Preimplantation embryonic development lays the foundations for the future individual. Fertilization, cleavage, differentiation of the first embryonic cell lineages and implantation of the embryo into the maternal uterus are absolutely critical for proper embryogenesis. Solving unanswered questions as well as creating new ideas and theories constitute the main axis of the basic research, which is driven by the curiosity of scientists and their desire to explore the unknown. We researchers have been exploring the development of mammalian embryos for decades, searching for the answer to the most fundamental question in the whole area of biology: how a complex organism derives from a single totipotent cell, a zygote. Due to obvious ethical concerns, animals, such as mice and, currently more and more often, cattle, pigs and rabbits, have become useful models for studying human embryonic development. Unprecedented advancement in cell and molecular biology techniques witnessed in the last years allows us to deepen our understanding of mammalian embryonic development.
YANG Data Model for p2mp sr policy (1997)

SR P2MP policies are set of policies that enable architecture for P2MP
service delivery. A P2MP policy consists of candidate paths that
connects the Root of the Tree to a set of Leaves. The P2MP policy is
composed of replication segments. A replication segment is a
forwarding instruction for a candidate path which is downloaded to the
Root, transit nodes and the leaves. This document defines a YANG data
model for SR P2MP Policy Configuration and operation.
Filtering theory and non-maneuvering object tracking (2011)

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Three-Phase Cross-Cloud Federation Model: The Cloud SSO Authentication (2010)

Cloud federation aims to cost-effective assets and resources optimization among heterogeneous environments where clouds can cooperate together with the goal of obtaining unbounded computation resources, hence new business opportunities. This paper describes an architecture for the federation establishment, where clouds that need external resources ask to federated clouds the renting of extra physical resources. Our architecture introduces a new module named Cross-Cloud Federation Manager including three agents (Discovery, Match-making and Authentication). In this work, we specifically focus on the authentication agent, which is responsible for a secure federation. To address such problem we propose a technical solution based on the IdP/SP model along with the SAML technology.