gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biochemical Characterization and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Different Commercial Soybean Protein Isolates (1998)

Thirteen commercial soybean protein isolates (SPIs) were characterized and submitted to the same conditions of hydrolysis with pancreatin to the same degree of hydrolysis (DH). The 13 SPIs differed with respect to their phytate contents (7.41−15.62 mg/g of protein), presence of trypsin inhibitor (5.17−94.72 UTI/mg of protein), protein dispersibility index (PDI) (11.7−88.7%), and relative compositions of the 7S subunits and 11S polypeptides present in the soluble fraction: α‘ (0−100%); α (0−26%); β (0−44%); acid polypeptide (50−100%); basic polypeptide (0−50%). The reaction time necessary for the hydrolysis to attain a DH of 21.5% varied from 48 to 252 min and was longer for isolates with complete 7S and 11S globulin fractions and higher PDI values. The 10% TCA soluble nitrogen index of the hydrolysates varied from 61.5 to 100%. The total free amino acids varied between 7.5 and 31.0%, with basic and hydrophobic amino acids being present in greater amounts. Electrophoresis indicated differences in the molecular weight profiles of the hydrolysates. The 13 SPIs analyzed were shown to be different, resulting in different products when submitted to the same conditions of hydrolysis. Keywords: Protein hydrolysis; soy protein hydrolysates; pancreatin; peptides
PRRC2A and BCL2L11 gene variants influence risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: results from the InterLymph consortium (2012)

Many common genetic variants have been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but individual study results are often conflicting. To confirm the role of putative risk alleles in B-cell NHL etiology, we performed a validation genotyping study of 67 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms within InterLymph, a large international consortium of NHL case-control studies. A meta-analysis was performed on data from 5633 B-cell NHL cases and 7034 controls from 8 InterLymph studies. rs3789068 in the proapoptotic BCL2L11 gene was associated with an increased risk for B-cell NHL (odds ratio = 1.21, P random = 2.21 × 10(-11)), with similar risk estimates for common B-cell subtypes. PRRC2A rs3132453 in the HLA complex class III region conferred a reduced risk of B-cell NHL (odds ratio = 0.68, P random = 1.07 × 10(-9)) and was likewise evident for common B-cell subtypes. These results are consistent with the known biology of NHL and provide insights into shared pathogenic components, including apoptosis and immune regulation, for the major B-cell lymphoma subtypes.
ChemInform Abstract: Bis(triphenylphosphine)copper(I) Derivatives of Substituted arachno Nine‐vertex Borane Anions, Cu(PPh3)2(B9H13X) (X: H, NCS, NCSe, NCBPh3, NCBH3, or NCBH2NCBH3). (1986)

Abstract Durch äquimolare Umsetzung des Cu(I)‐Komplexes (I) mit den Salzen (II) werden die Metallaboran‐Derivate (III) in guten Ausb. (keine genauen Angaben) dargestellt.
Genome rearrangements activate the Epstein-Barr virus gene whose product disrupts latency. (1988)

A defective Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) containing a deleted and rearranged genome (het DNA) causes latent EBV to replicate. This activity maps to the 2.7-kilobase-pair WZhet fragment. The BZLF1 open reading frame, present within WZhet as well as in the standard viral BamHI Z fragment, encodes the protein ZEBRA, which induces viral replication. Using gene transfers into Burkitt lymphoma cells, we now demonstrate that rearranged sequences juxtaposed to BZLF1 in het DNA facilitate expression of ZEBRA protein. Two stretches of EBV sequences within a palindromic region of het DNA contain positive regulatory elements. One set, derived from the viral large internal repeat, is newly positioned upstream of BZLF1; the second set is downstream of BZLF1 in het DNA. The capacity of defective HR-1 viruses to disrupt latency of the standard EBV genome is due to abnormal regulation of the BZLF1 gene as a result of genomic rearrangements.
Intensive immunosuppression and autologous stem cell transplantation for patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis: the Leiden experience. (2001)

Ten patients with active, destructive rheumatoid arthritis refractory to antirheumatic therapy enrolled in a study to evaluate the effects of intensive immunosuppression followed by autologous stem cell transplantation. Intensive immunosuppression was achieved with high dose cyclophosphamide as part of the mobilization (4 g/m2) and conditioning (200 mg/kg) regimen. The autologous stem cell products were enriched for CD34+ cells to minimize the chance of reinfusing autoreactive lymphocytes. Eight patients completed all consecutive treatment steps, one patient withdrew after mobilization because of improvement, one patient was taken off study because of pulmonary embolism. The treatment appeared feasible and safe, and marked sustained clinical improvement was observed in 6 patients, 2 of whom were previously unresponsive to tumor necrosis factor blocking therapy. In 5 patients disease modifying antirheumatic drugs were successfully withdrawn after transplantation. The treatment induced significant lymphopenia, with low levels of naive CD4+ T cells in particular, without clinical sequelae. Titers of rheumatoid factor dropped but did not normalize.
RELATION BETWEEN THE POSITION OF LEAD DISKS AND MEASURED VALUES OF THE SCATTER FRACTION FOR THE DISK METHOD (1991)

For the disk method regarding scatter fraction measurements, the minimum diameter of the disk and the change in the scatter fraction by the position of the disks in the scatter material were investigated. The minimum diameter of the disk should be longer than the tail width of the line spread function measured experimentaly without scatter material. To compare the measured values of the scatter fraction, the lead disks were placed on top, at the intermediate layer and at the bottom of the scatter material. When the lead disks were arranged at the bottom of the scatter meterial, the measured value of scatter fraction increased only slightly more than the value obtained by placing the disks on the top of scatter material.
Transmission of synchronous digital hierarchy signals by radio (1990)

It is pointed out that the new synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) is fundamental to the realization of flexible and cost-effective managed transmission networks. Microwave radio-relay systems will have a role to play in the transmission of SDH-based signals within such networks. The authors review the required characteristics of these radio-relay systems and report on the international studies currently being undertaken. They also propose alternative network structures and topologies to suit new applications of SDH-compatible radio systems in managed transmission networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Activation of monocyte-mediated tumoricidal activity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. (1985)

The purpose of these studies was to determine whether peripheral blood monocytes from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with Kaposi's sarcoma could be activated to lyse human tumor target cells in vitro. Monocytes were isolated and incubated for 24 hours in vitro with either medium (control), a crude mitogen-induced lymphokine preparation (MAF), or endotoxin before the addition of [125I]IUdR-labeled A375 melanoma target cells. Cytolysis was determined 72 hours later. Twelve (100%) of 12 patients tested had monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity values that were comparable to those of normal individuals. Recombinant human gamma interferon (IFN gamma) activated both normal and AIDS monocyte-mediated tumoricidal function only when combined with lypopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, mononuclear cells from ten AIDS patients were also tested for their ability to secrete MAF and IFN gamma in response to a mitogenic stimulus. Lymphokines generated from all ten patients contained substantial amounts of IFN gamma (100 to 2,500 U/mL); however, three of these ten lymphokine preparations failed to activate normal monocytes to lyse tumor cells. These results suggest that monocyte-mediated tumoricidal function of AIDS patients is intact and thus suggest new approaches for the therapy of AIDS.
Software Barrier Performance on Dual Quad-Core Opterons (2008)

Multi-core processors based SMP servers have become building blocks for Linux clusters in recent years because they can deliver better performance for multi-threaded programs through on-chip multi-threading. However, a relative slow software barrier can hinder the performance of a data-parallel scientific application on a multi-core system. In this paper we study the performance of different software barrier algorithms on a server based on newly introduced AMD quad-core Opteron processors. We study how the memory architecture and the cache coherence protocol of the system influence the performance of barrier algorithms. We present an optimized barrier algorithm derived from the queue-based barrier algorithm. We find that the optimized barrier algorithm achieves speedup of 1.77 over the original queue-based algorithm. In addition, it has speedup of 2.39 over the software barrier generated by the Intel OpenMP compiler.
Candidate polyanion microbicides inhibit HIV-1 infection and dissemination pathways in human cervical explants (2006)

Our results demonstrate that PRO 2000 is a potent inhibitor of R5 HIV-1 infection and dissemination pathways in human cervical explants. DxS, while demonstrating significant inhibition of R5 infection, was less active against DC mediated dissemination pathways. PRO 2000 has now entered human phase III efficacy trials.
Full-duplex 10 Gb/s transmission in ultra-dense PONs with tree splits &#x003E;1:1k and noise-powered extender box (2010)

Splits >1000 are shown to be feasible for PONs by inserting an intermediate amplifier that is pumped by the ASE of SOA-based ONUs. Full-duplex 10Gb/s burst-mode transmission is demonstrated over a 39.5dB loss budget.
Trench transformation technology using hydrogen annealing for realizing highly reliable device structure with thin dielectric films (2002)

The shape and the surface morphology of the trench structure was successfully transformed by the annealing in hydrogen ambient. The corner was rounded and the surface morphology was smoothened on the inside of the trench. Electrical characteristics of the thin oxide grown in the deep trench capacitor were drastically improved. The hydrogen annealing condition was optimized based on the transformation mechanism.
Applying Erasure Codes for Fault Tolerance in Cloud-RAID (2013)

Public cloud storage services enable organizations to manage data with low operational expenses. However, the benefits come along with challenges and open issues such as security and reliability. In our work, we presented a system that improves availability, confidentiality and reliability of data stored in the cloud. To achieve this objective, we encrypt user's data and make use of erasure codes to stripe data across cloud storage providers. In this paper we focus on the need to identify an algorithm for encoding and reassembling the data from the clouds. Erasure codes have been introduces more than three decades ago. Due to new technology trends and powerful hardware, new codes as well as improvements on classic codes have been developed recently. Therefore, we provide an overview of the current state of erasure codes. Further, we introduce the relevant codes in detail and compare them on the basis of identified criteria that are relevant to their application in a cloud context. Furthermore, we take a look at the current open source libraries, that support the discussed algorithms. The comparative study will help us to identity the best algorithm for our Cloud-RAID system.
CXCR4 Signaling Regulates Metastasis of Chemoresistant Melanoma Cells by a Lymphatic Metastatic Niche (2010)

Highly metastatic and chemotherapy-resistant properties of malignant melanomas stand as challenging barriers to successful treatment; yet, the mechanisms responsible for their aggressive characteristics are not fully defined. We show that a distinct population expressing CD133 (Prominin-1), which is highly enriched after administration of a chemotherapeutic drug, dacarbazine, has enhanced metastatic potential in vivo. CD133(+) tumor cells are located close to tumor-associated lymphatic vessels in metastatic organs such as the regional lymph nodes and lung. Lymphatic endothelial cells promote the migratory activity of a CD133(+) subset to target organs and regulation of lymphatic growth efficiently modulates the metastasis of CD133(+) tumor cells. We found that lymphatic vessels in metastatic tissues stimulate chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)(+)/CD133(+) cell metastasis to target organs by secretion of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). The CXCR4(+)/CD133(+) cells exhibited higher metastatic activity compared with CXCR4(-)/CD133(+) cells and, importantly, blockade of CXCR4 coupled with dacarbazine efficiently inhibited both tumor growth and metastasis; dacarbazine alone could not attenuate tumor metastasis. The current study demonstrates a previously unidentified role of the lymphatic microenvironment in facilitating metastasis of chemoresistant melanoma cells via a specific chemotactic axis, SDF-1/CXCR4. Our findings suggest that targeting the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in addition to dacarbazine treatment could therapeutically block chemoresistant CD133(+) cell metastasis toward a lymphatic metastatic niche.
Highly Active and Stable Single Atom Rh1/CeO2 Catalyst for CO Oxidation during Redox Cycling (2023)

Abstract We report a single atom Rh 1 /CeO 2 catalyst prepared by the high temperature (800 °C) atom trapping (AT) method which is stable under both oxidative and reductive conditions. Infrared spectroscopic and electron microscopy characterization revealed the presence of exclusively ionic Rh species. These ionic Rh species are stable even under reducing conditions (CO at 300 °C) due to the strong interaction between Rh and CeO 2 achieved by the AT method, leading to high and reproducible CO oxidation activity regardless of whether the catalyst is reduced or oxidized. In contrast, ionic Rh species in catalysts synthesized by a conventional impregnation approach (e. g., calcined at 350 °C) can be readily reduced to form Rh nanoclusters/nanoparticles, which are easily oxidized under oxidative conditions, leading to loss of catalytic performance. The single atom Rh 1 /CeO 2 catalysts synthesized by the AT method do not exhibit changes during redox cycling hence are promising catalysts for emission control where redox cycling is encountered, and severe oxidation (fuel cut) leads to loss of performance.
Design and tolerance analysis of a transmission sphere by interferometer model (2015)

The design of a 6-in, f/2.2 transmission sphere for Fizeau interferometry is presented in this paper. To predict the actual performance during design phase, we build an interferometer model combined with tolerance analysis in Zemax. Evaluating focus imaging is not enough for a double pass optical system. Thus, we study the interferometer model that includes system error, wavefronts reflected from reference surface and tested surface. Firstly, we generate a deformation map of the tested surface. Because of multiple configurations in Zemax, we can get the test wavefront and the reference wavefront reflected from the tested surface and the reference surface of transmission sphere respectively. According to the theory of interferometry, we subtract both wavefronts to acquire the phase of tested surface. Zernike polynomial is applied to transfer the map from phase to sag and to remove piston, tilt and power. The restored map is the same as original map; because of no system error exists. Secondly, perturbed tolerances including fabrication of lenses and assembly are considered. The system error occurs because the test and reference beam are no longer common path perfectly. The restored map is inaccurate while the system error is added. Although the system error can be subtracted by calibration, it should be still controlled within a small range to avoid calibration error. Generally the reference wavefront error including the system error and the irregularity of the reference surface of 6-in transmission sphere is measured within peak-to-valley (PV) 0.1 λ (λ=0.6328 um), which is not easy to approach. Consequently, it is necessary to predict the value of system error before manufacture. Finally, a prototype is developed and tested by a reference surface with PV 0.1 λ irregularity.
Analyses of Clinical and Biological Data for French and Belgian Immunocompetent Patients Infected With Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 4 and 3 (2021)

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 3 and 4 are the major causes of acute hepatitis in industrialized countries. Genotype 3 is mainly found in Europe and America, while genotype 4 is predominant in Asia. Several Japanese studies have suggested that genotype 4 is more virulent than genotype 3. We investigated this aspect by analyzing the clinical and biological data for 27 French and Belgian immunocompetent patients infected with HEV genotype 4. Their infections were probably acquired locally, since none of these patients reported traveling outside France or Belgium during the 2-8 weeks before symptoms onset. Each patient was matched for age (±5 years) and gender with two patients infected with HEV genotype 3. Bivariate analysis indicated that the HEV genotype 4-infected patients had significantly higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (2067 IU/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (1581 IU/L) activities and total bilirubin concentrations (92.4 μmol/L) than did those infected with HEV genotype 3 (1566 IU/L, <i>p</i> = 0.016; 657 IU/L, <i>p</i> = 0.003 and 47 μmol/L, <i>p</i> = 0.046) at diagnosis. In contrast, more patients infected with HEV genotype 3 reported dark urine (71% vs. 39%, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and experienced asthenia (89% vs. 58%, <i>p</i> < 0.01) than did those infected with HEV genotype 4. Two HEV genotype 4-infected patients died of multi-organ failure, while none of the genotype 3-infected patients died (<i>p</i> = 0.035). Finally, stepwise regression analysis retained only a greater increase in ALT (odds-ratio: 1.0005, 95% confidence interval: 1.00012-1.00084) and less frequent fever (odds-ratio = 0.1244; 95% confidence interval: 0.01887-0.82020) for patients infected with HEV genotype 4. We conclude that HEV-4 infections are likely to be associated with higher ALT activity than HEV-3 infections. Additional immunological and virological studies are required to confirm these findings and better understand the influence, if any, of genotype on HEV pathophysiology.
RING-EXPANSION OF 7-CHLORO-2-OXABICYCLO[4.2.0]OCT-4-EN-3-ONES TO 2H-OXOCIN-2-ONES WITH BASE. FORMATION OF A NEW OXACYCLOOCTATRIENONE SYSTEM (1984)

Abstract The treatment of chlorinated 2-oxabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-4-en-3-ones, which are photoadducts between 4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrone and chloroethylenes, with a base gives new 2H-oxocin-2-ones in good yields. This provides the first example for preparation of a monocyclic oxacyclooctatrienone system.
Synthesis and biological activity of the putative metabolites of the atypical antipsychotic agent tiospirone (1991)

Putative oxidative metabolites of the lead antipsychotic agent tiospirone (1) were synthesized to assist in the identification of the authentic metabolic products found in human urine samples. Thus far, six authentic metabolites have been correlated to the synthetic species. The putative metabolites were further examined in vitro to assess their central nervous system therapeutic potential. SAR analysis of these derivatives indicates that hydroxyl substitution, particularly in the azaspirodecanedione region of the molecule, diminishes the dopamine D-2 affinity of the species without significantly altering the serotonin type-1A and type-2 interactions. In addition, an increase in alpha 1-adrenergic affinity appears to be linked to the attenuation of effects at the dopamine receptors. The biological profile of the 6-hydroxytiospirone metabolite 42 was exemplary in these respects and the in vivo actions of this compound suggest potent antipsychotic potential with a minimal liability for extrapyramidal side effects (EPS). While compound 42 has been unambiguously characterized as an actual human metabolite of tiospirone, the role of 42 in the observed antipsychotic activity of the parent drug, if any, has not yet been determined.
Post‐translational modification of heterologously expressed Streptomyces type II polyketide synthase acyl carrier proteins (1997)

Expression in Escherichia coli of Streptomyces acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) associated with polyketide biosynthesis using the pT7-7 expression system of Tabor and Richardson led to the production predominantly of inactive apo-proteins lacking the 4'-phosphopantetheinyl prosthetic group essential for polyketide synthase activity. Modification of growth conditions led to an increase of production of active holo-protein for the actinorhodin (act) ACP, but this technique was ineffective for oxytetracycline (otc) and griseusin (gris) ACPs. Labelling experiments revealed that a low level of otc ACP expressed prior to induction was produced mainly as active holo-protein, while post-induction 15N-labelled protein was almost exclusively in the apo-ACP form. Limiting endogenous holo-acyl carrier protein synthase (ACPS) concentration was implicated as responsible for low apo-ACP to holo-ACP conversion, rather than limiting substrate (coenzyme A) and cofactor (Mg2+) concentrations. Co-expression of act and gris ACPs with ACPS in E. coli led to high levels of production of active holo-ACPs and ACPS. We have also made the significant observation that ACPS is able to transfer acylated CoA moieties to act apo-ACP.
Cryotherapy (1984)

Since 1969 cryosurgical perineal destruction of the prostate has been developed at the University of Iowa for treatment of patients with prostatic cancer. The technique of this procedure has been the subject of previous reviews. This is a summary of our experience of patient survival and the effect on local prostatic cancer growth in those patients with various stages of the disease subjected to perineal cryosurgical destruction of their cancer. We also report briefly on our experience in the laboratory where the Dunning tumor model is used to study the effect of cryosurgery as well as combinations of immunological modifications.
Performance benefits of non‐volatile caches in distributed file systems (1994)

Abstract We study the use of non‐volatile memory for caching in distributed file systems. This provides an advantage over traditional distributed file systems in that the load is reduced at the server without making the data vulnerable to failures. We propose the use of a small non‐volatile cache for writes, at the client and the file server, together with a larger volatile read cache to keep the cost of the caches reasonable. We use a synthetic workload developed from analysis of file I/O traces from commercial production systems and use a detailed simulation of the distributed environment. The service times for the resources of the system were derived from measurements performed on a typical workstation. We show that non‐volatile write caches at the clients and the file server reduce the write response time and the load on the file server dramatically, thus improving the scalability of the system. We examine the comparative benefits of two alternative writeback policies for the non‐volatile write cache. We show that a proposed threshold based writeback policy is more effective than a periodic writeback policy under heavy load. We also investigate the effect of varying the write cache size and show that introducing a small non‐volatile cache at the client in conjunction with a moderate sized non‐volatile server write cache improves the write response time by a factor of four at all load levels.
Bronchial asthma triggered by house dust mites in patients with local allergic rhinitis (2019)

The results suggest the existence of a new asthma phenotype (local allergic asthma) defined by absence of systemic atopy and positivity to BPT with allergen.