gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Color Centers in a Cerium-Containing Silicate Glass (1962)

X-ray irradiation of glass with the weight percent composition 75% SiO2, 25% Na2O produces color centers which absorb visible light. Cerium in the glass prevents the formation of these centers. The nature of the centers and the mechanism by which cerium prevents their formation are studied by measuring the optical absorption changes caused by irradiation of glasses containing small concentrations of Ce3+ and Ce4+. The conclusions are: In cerium-free glass, trapped holes cause optical absorption bands with maxima near 4400 and 6200 Å. By capturing holes, Ce3+ inhibits the formation of these two bands. The probability that a hole escapes capture by Ce3+ is exp (—v3c3), where c3 is the Ce3+ concentration and v3=(9±2) × 104 Å3. Trapped electrons cause an optical absorption band that has a maximum in the uv and that extends to 6000 Å in the visible. Ce4+ inhibits the formation of this band by capturing electrons.
Vanadium Flow Battery for Energy Storage: Prospects and Challenges (2013)

The vanadium flow battery (VFB) as one kind of energy storage technique that has enormous impact on the stabilization and smooth output of renewable energy. Key materials like membranes, electrode, and electrolytes will finally determine the performance of VFBs. In this Perspective, we report on the current understanding of VFBs from materials to stacks, describing the factors that affect materials' performance from microstructures to the mechanism and new materials development. Moreover, new models for VFB stacks as well as structural design will be summarized as well. Finally, the challenges, the overall cost evaluation, and future research directions will be briefly proposed.
High Fidelity Data Collection: Managing the Collection Process Throughout the Deployment Lifecycle (SYS 19) (2006)

We aim to design a high fidelity collection process that primarily aims to design human interaction into the system to do two things: first, diagnose and/or fix problems that the system cannot address automatically, and second, gather extra sensory observations, such as physical samples, that provide contextual information useful for determining data integrity and easing data analysis. We believe that carefully integrating human input into the collection path will facilitate collection of datasets that are more useful than completely autonomously collected data.
Enamelin Compartmentalization in Developing Porcine Enamel (2002)

The tissue compartmentalization of enamelin-processing products has been investigated in developing pig enamel using a sequential extraction procedure. Only trace amounts of enamelin-processing products were detected in simulated enamel fluid extracts, suggesting that enamelins are not solubilized in the matrix to any great extent. Subsequent phosphate buffer extraction desorbed and extracted several enamelin-processing products that were presumably bound to the mineral phase. A 35-kD processing product dominated the phosphate extract, suggesting that enamelin processing leads to an accumulation of this mineral-bound molecule. Dissociative extraction with urea subsequently extracted the remainder of the enamelin-processing products present. This material was presumably present in the tissue in an aggregated insoluble state. Several enamelin-processing products were only extracted by specific extraction procedures, suggesting that different enamelin-processing products are differentially compartmentalized. This may indicate that specific enamelin-processing products have different functions. In contrast to amelogenins, which are processed in the deeper tissue to generate products having a low affinity for the mineral, enamelin processing appears to produce products (those enamelins desorbed by phosphate buffer) that have a high affinity for the mineral. These products, appearing in the deeper enamel layers, may serve to influence crystal growth kinetics in the absence of any mineral-binding amelogenins.
The CMB Polarization Observer (CLOVER) (2004)

We describe the design and performance of a new fully-funded instrument, CLOVER, to measure the B-mode&#13;\npolarization of the cosmic microwave background. The instrument comprises three independent telescopes&#13;\noperating at 90, 150 and 220 GHz and is planned to be sited at Dome C, Antartica. Each telescope will fed by a&#13;\nfocal plane array of 256 horns with background limited detectors and will measure the polarization signal over&#13;\nangular multipoles 20&amp;lt; /&amp;lt;1000. The unique design of the telescope and extremely low systematics should enable&#13;\nthe B-mode signature from gravitational waves to be measured, or constrained to a lensing confusing limited&#13;\ntensor-to-scalar ratio r 0.005.
Location-based social networking information services in university campus (2014)

Location Based Services (LBS) and Social Networking Services (SNS) are two increasingly popular service systems which have been widely used in various applications. We offer an in-depth analysis of the relationship between the two different systems. Based on this analysis, we propose an effective approach to bridge these two different systems and demonstrate its applicability in providing a more intelligent set of campus information services. Our research focuses on constructing a platform on which teachers and students on campus can better exchange location based information. The proposed information system consists of four modules: a user information system to manage users' personal information, a 3D campus map system to provide the exact location information of various services in campus, an information navigation system which offers a more reasonable information classification, a location information management system which not only serves as an information distribution platform but also allows users to add comments and information on the campus location themselves. Our system has come into use for one year and has served hundreds of students and teachers in Tsinghua University.
Carbamazepine-Danazol Drug Interaction (1986)

Carbamazepine (CBZ) labeled with 15N was used to investigate the mechanism of its pharmacokinetic interaction with the antiestrogenic steroid danazol during treatment of a patient with epilepsy. Danazol led to a pronounced inhibition of CBZ metabolism. During danazol coadministration, CBZ elimination half-life increased from a pretreatment value of 11 to 24.3 h. Carbamazepine plasma clearance decreased from 57.7 to 23.2 ml/h/kg. Kinetic analysis of the plasma concentration-time curves and urinary excretion of [15N]trans-CBZ-diol revealed that danazol inhibited the epoxide-trans-diol pathway of carbamazepine metabolism. Observations in five other female patients confirm that the steady-state plasma concentrations of UCBZ increase between 50 and 100% during coadministration of danazol.
G120012 The Development of Impact Response Evaluation Method of the Circular Framed Structure (2011)

This paper describes the proposed circular framed structure and the developed method for impact response evaluation of structure. We propose a new concept of body structure, which is composed of the standardized circular unit members and is bundled together in parallel regions. To evaluate this circular framed strucure in the conceptual design stage, impact response evaluation method is developed. The main features of this method are three items shown below. (1) The dynamic FEA program of three dimensions using beamelerrent (nonlinear spring is included). (2) Joint stiffness is expressed by rotational stiffness of the end of a beam. (3) Newmark 13 method is used for time integration. By updating the geometry and calculated results, geometrical nonlinearity is also taken into consideration. The effectiveness of this proposed circular framed body strucure and the validity of the evaluation method were shown by some example calculations.
Class E oscillator with two switchable frequencies (2020)

The paper describes a new design of Class E oscillator that can switch between two oscillation frequencies while maintaining high efficiency at both frequencies. The oscillator is designed based on a class E amplifier with an output circuit that satisfies the conditions of class E at two frequencies. The feedback circuit allows the change of capacitor to switch between two operating frequencies. Calculation, modeling and experimental study of the oscillator at frequencies of 4.5 and 5 MHz are presented.
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of 2-Chloropyridine-3-carboxamide Fungicides (1993)

N-置換アリール-2-クロロピリジン-3-カルボキサミド誘導体の灰色かび病 (Botrytis cinerea) および紋枯病 (Rhizoctonia solani) に対する殺菌活性を検討し, その構造活性相関を物理化学的パラメータを用いて重回帰分析により解析した. その結果灰色かび病に対しては, アミノ基のオルト位に位置するアルキル基の存在 (Iso) と, 分子の疎水性 (logk′) が殺菌活性にとって重要であることが示唆された. 一方紋枯病に対しては, メタ位のアルキル基の存在 (Ism) が最も重要であり, 次いで分子のサイズ (IR5およびVw) も殺菌活性にとって重要であることが示された.
Accuracy, Precision, and Resolution in Strain Measurements on Diffraction Instruments (2011)

Diffraction stress analysis is a commonly used technique to evaluate the properties and performance of different classes of materials from engineering materials, such as steels and alloys, to electronic materials like Silicon chips. Often to better understand the performance of these materials at operating conditions they are also commonly subjected to elevated temperatures and different loading conditions. The validity of any measurement under these conditions is only as good as the control of the conditions and the accuracy and precision of the instrument being used to measure the properties. What is the accuracy and precision of a typical diffraction system and what is the best way to evaluate these quantities? Is there a way to remove systematic and random errors in the data that are due to problems with the control system used? With the advent of device engineering employing internal stress as a method for increasing performance the measurement of stress from microelectronic structures has become of enhanced importance. X-ray diffraction provides an ideal method for measuring these small areas without the need for modifying the sample and possibly changing the strain state. Micro and nano diffraction experiments on Silicon-on-Insulator samples revealed changes to the material under investigation and raised significant concerns about the usefulness of these techniques. This damage process and the application of micro and nano diffraction is discussed.
Modular high temperature reactor for various applications / Der HTR-Modul, eine vielseitig einsetzbare Wärmequelle. (1988)

Article Modular high temperature reactor for various applications / Der HTR-Modul, eine vielseitig einsetzbare Wärmequelle. was published on February 1, 1988 in the journal Kerntechnik (volume 52, issue 2).
An intelligent docking station manager for multiple mobile service robots (2015)

Robot docking stations are of utmost important for service robots like security robots and automated guided vehicles in warehouses which are in continuous operation, and hence require frequent recharging. While a lot of research has been done on designing the actual hardware of the docking station itself, a practical situation of intelligently managing a limited number of docking stations in case of multiple robots has largely been ignored. We propose a docking station manager for multiple mobile service robots, which intelligently allots a mobile robot to the most appropriate docking station, based on the robot's task priority, location awareness of the robot and the docking station, power left in robot, and request order. We demonstrate, through experiments in real environment, that the proposed manager can function intelligently and resolve conflicts when the docking stations are fully occupied. We experimentally tested the proposed station manager in different conditions of varying task priorities, power levels, and emergency conditions of the robots, and found it to be robust to intelligently allocate the most appropriate robot with the appropriate charging dock.
Experimental results of a supplementary technique for auto-reclosing EHV/UHV transmission lines (2002)

A technique to discriminate between the line charging inrush current and the current resulting on closing or auto-reclosing a faulted EHV/UHV transmission line has been implemented on a 32-b digital signal processor (DSP) board. The technique is based on the voltage signals before switching and the current signals. This technique is proposed to be a supplement to the main protection schemes for both single-circuit and double-circuit lines. The scheme is tested on a physical model of a transmission system with a source at each end. Laboratory tests show that the proposed technique is effective for three-pole and single-pole reclosing on a faulted or healthy line.
Development and Validation of a Supersonic Helium-Air Coannular Jet Facility (1999)

Data are acquired in a simple coannular He/air supersonic jet suitable for validation of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) codes for high speed propulsion. Helium is employed as a non-reacting hydrogen fuel simulant, constituting the core of the coannular flow while the coflow is composed of air. The mixing layer interface between the two flows in the near field and the plume region which develops further downstream constitute the primary regions of interest, similar to those present in all hypersonic air breathing propulsion systems. A computational code has been implemented from the experiment's inception, serving as a tool for model design during the development phase.
Meteors Do Not Break Exogenous Organic Molecules into High Yields of Diatomics (2004)

Meteoroids that dominate the Earth's extraterrestrial mass influx (50-300 microm size range) may have contributed a unique blend of exogenous organic molecules at the time of the origin of life. Such meteoroids are so large that most of their mass is ablated in the Earth's atmosphere. In the process, organic molecules are decomposed and chemically altered to molecules differently from those delivered to the Earth's surface by smaller (<50 microm) micrometeorites and larger (>10 cm) meteorites. The question addressed here is whether the organic matter in these meteoroids is fully decomposed into atoms or diatomic compounds during ablation. If not, then the ablation products made available for prebiotic organic chemistry, and perhaps early biology, might have retained some memory of their astrophysical nature. To test this hypothesis we searched for CN emission in meteor spectra in an airborne experiment during the 2001 Leonid meteor storm. We found that the meteor's light-emitting air plasma, which included products of meteor ablation, contained less than 1 CN molecule for every 30 meteoric iron atoms. This contrasts sharply with the nitrogen/iron ratio of 1:1.2 in the solid matter of comet 1P/Halley. Unless the nitrogen content or the abundance of complex organic matter in the Leonid parent body, comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle, differs from that in comet 1P/Halley, it appears that very little of that organic nitrogen decomposes into CN molecules during meteor ablation in the rarefied flow conditions that characterize the atmospheric entry of meteoroids approximately 50 microm-10 cm in size. We propose that the organics of such meteoroids survive instead as larger compounds.
Structural Simplification of Modular Bond-Graph Models Based on Junction Inactivity (2006)

The modular modeling paradigm facilitates the efficient building, verification and handling of complex system models by assembling them from general-purpose component models. A drawback of this paradigm, however, is that the assembled system models may have excessively complex structures for certain purposes due to the amount of detail of the component models, which is introduced to promote modularity. This work presents a domain-independent structural simplification technique that can detect such unnecessary complexities in a modular bond-graph model and eliminate them from the model without compromising accuracy. To this end, the activity concept in the literature is extended to define "inactivity" for junction elements, and simplification is obtained by detecting and eliminating inactive junction elements and by propagating the implications. It is shown that this simple idea can result in models that are conceptually and computationally more efficient. Some subtleties associated with this approach are highlighted.
Human and rat microsomal metabolites of N-tert-butoxycarbonylmethamphetamine and its urinary metabolites in rat (2021)

Hydroxylation, carbonylation and N-demethylation were proposed as metabolic pathways. However, BocMA and phase I metabolites were hardly detected in urine. This study provides useful information to interpret the possibility of BocMA intake as the cause of MA detection in biological sample.
Primary autoimmune neutropenia in children: a study of neutrophil antibodies and clinical course (2005)

In patients with primary neutropenia, neutrophil antibody specificity changes over time. Prophylactic antibiotics do benefit the patients.
NMR Solution Structures of Stereoisomeric Covalent Polycyclic Aromatic Carcinogen−DNA Adducts:  Principles, Patterns, and Diversity (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEReviewNEXTNMR Solution Structures of Stereoisomeric Covalent Polycyclic Aromatic Carcinogen−DNA Adducts: Principles, Patterns, and DiversityNicholas E. Geacintov, Monique Cosman, Brian E. Hingerty, Shantu Amin, Suse Broyde, and Dinshaw J. PatelView Author Information Chemistry and Biology Departments, New York University, New York, New York 10003, Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, Health Sciences Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, and American Health Foundation, Valhalla, New York 10595 Cite this: Chem. Res. Toxicol. 1997, 10, 2, 111–146Publication Date (Web):February 17, 1997Publication History Received7 August 1996Published online17 February 1997Published inissue 1 February 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/tx9601418https://doi.org/10.1021/tx9601418review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1013Altmetric-Citations225LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Adducts,Conformation,Genetics,Lesions,Nucleic acid structure Get e-Alerts
When and why should we employ the surgeon? Biological and clinical rationale for early reperfusion (2006)

Revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) has changed over the last two decades, favoring the use of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) over coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), even though there is no available hard evidence to support this change. Nevertheless, PCI stenting has been progressively expanding its indications to include multivessel coronary disease, diabetes mellitus, and left main stem coronary artery disease. Proponents of PCI justify its expansion with the improvement in restenosis achieved with drug-eluting stents. However, the established treatment of CAD is CABG, with proven long-term life expectancy benefit. The ongoing replacement of CABG with PCI would be therefore justified only if a critical scrutiny of the evidence clearly demonstrates similar or better life expectancy benefits.
Functional soft materials from blue phase liquid crystals (2023)

Blue phase (BP) liquid crystals are chiral fluids wherein millions of molecules self-assemble into cubic lattices that are on the order of hundred nanometers. As the unit cell sizes of BPs are comparable to the wavelength of light, they exhibit selective Bragg reflections in the visible. The exploitation of the photonic properties of BPs for technological applications is made possible through photopolymerization, a process that renders mechanical robustness and thermal stability. We review here the preparation and characterization of stimuli-responsive, polymeric photonic crystals based on BPs. We highlight recent studies that demonstrate the promise that polymerized BP photonic crystals hold for colorimetric sensing and dynamic light control. We review using Landau-de Gennes simulations for predicting the self-assembly of BPs and the potential for using theory to guide experimental design. Finally, opportunities for using BPs to synthesize new soft materials, such as highly structured polymer meshes, are discussed.
Analysis andIdentification ofFastTransients inOptical Networks (2007)

Fastpowertransients inoptical networks (ON)occur duetotheaddition and/or removal ofwavelength channels during theoptical network reconfiguration. Thesetransients mayresult inperturbations oftheON operation regime andessential deterioration ofitsperformance. Evencomparatively small perturbations maybecome critical growing rapidly inacascaded Erbiumdopedoptical amplifiers (EDFA). An adequate quantitative analysis offast powertransients isnecessary fortheefficient functioning ofONs.Recently, weproposed ageneric method forautomatic detection andclassification oftransient signals inONsbased onthewavelet network (WN).Theproposed method combines theadvantages ofthewavelet transform (WT)andartificial neural networks (ANNs). Inthis work,we applied theWN methodtotheanalysis ofa large array of experimental dataconcerning thefast powertransients inON containing cascades ofEDFAs.Theproposed method makespossible adetermination ofthesource andevaluation ofanyfast powertransient. Comparison of themeasured transients withthesimulation results clearly showsanextremely highefficiency oftheproposed method withanaccuracy ofabout 9000.
Polyurethane – nach 50 Jahren immer noch jung (1990)

Abstract Polyurethane, die wohl vielseitigste Klasse von Hochpolymeren, sind aus der Technik und auch aus unserem Alltag nicht mehr wegzudenken. Vor über 50 Jahren erfunden, ist der Gipfel ihrer Entwicklung noch nicht in Sicht.