gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Artificial Neural Networks based Temperature Prediction Framework for Network-on-Chip based Multicore Platform (2016)

Continuous improvement in silicon process technologies has made possible the integration of hundreds of cores on a single chip. However, power and heat have become dominant constraints in designing these massive multicore chips causing issues with reliability, timing variations and reduced lifetime of the chips. Dynamic Thermal Management (DTM) is a solution to avoid high temperatures on the die. Typical DTM schemes only address core level thermal issues. However, the Network-on-chip (NoC) paradigm, which has emerged as an enabling methodology for integrating hundreds to thousands of cores on the same die can contribute significantly to the thermal issues. Moreover, the typical DTM is triggered reactively based on temperature measurements from on-chip thermal sensor requiring long reaction times whereas predictive DTM method estimates future temperature in advance, eliminating the chance of temperature overshoot. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have been used in various domains for modeling and prediction with high accuracy due to its ability to learn and adapt. This thesis concentrates on designing an ANN prediction engine to predict the thermal profile of the cores and Network-on-Chip elements of the chip. This thermal profile of the chip is then used by the predictive DTM that combines both core level and network level DTM techniques. On-chip wireless interconnect which is recently envisioned to enable energy-efficient data exchange between cores in a multicore environment, will be used to provide a broadcast-capable medium to efficiently distribute thermal control messages to trigger and manage the DTM schemes.
Aberrant Expression of a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 17/Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Converting Enzyme Increases the Malignant Potential in Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (2006)

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) molecules are known for their unique potential to combine adhesion, proteolysis, and signaling. To understand the role of ADAM17/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) converting enzyme (TACE) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we investigated its expression, function, and in vitro regulation. ADAM17/TACE mRNA was expressed in 3 of 10 normal pancreatic tissues, 6 of 8 samples from patients with chronic pancreatitis, 10 of 10 PDAC tissues, and 9 of 9 pancreatic cancer cell lines, but it was absent in primary duct epithelial cells. Immunohistochemical staining revealed positive cancer cells in 8 of 10 PDACs but no staining of ducts in normal pancreas. ADAM17/TACE was found in 0 of 16 pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN)-1A lesions, 1 of 30 PanIN-1B lesions, 2 of 13 PanIN-2 lesions but, in 13 of 15 PanIN-3 lesions, associated with PDAC. Western blot, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy analyses showed the aberrant expression of ADAM17/TACE protein in pancreatic cancer cell lines. The proteolytic activity of ADAM17/TACE, assessed by the release of TNF-alpha, was inhibited by TNF-alpha protease inhibitor. ADAM17/TACE gene silencing using small interfering RNA technique in vitro reduced invasion behavior dramatically, whereas proliferation was unaffected. Furthermore, ADAM17/TACE mRNA expression was down-regulated in pancreatic cancer cells arrested in G2-M phase as well as in a time-dependent manner after TNF-alpha and interleukin-6 incubation. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence of aberrant expression of the proteolytically active ADAM17/TACE in advanced precursor lesions (PanIN-3) and PDAC while identifying its critical involvement in the invasion process.
The preparation of a phosphorus doped silicon film from phosphorus containing silicon nanoparticles (2006)

Phosphorus containing and octyl-terminated silicon nanoparticles (NPs) are generated by a solution reduction route under room temperature conditions for the first time and characterized by TEM, HRTEM, EDX, 1H/13C/31P NMR, EPR, and PL spectroscopy, then annealed to form a thin film with phosphorus doping confirmed by microprobe elemental analyses.
Elucidating Dramatic Ligand Effects on SET Processes: Iron Hydride versus Iron Borohydride Catalyzed Reductive Radical Cyclization of Unsaturated Organic Halides (2017)

An iron(II) borohydride complex ([(η1-H3BH)FeCl(NCCH3)4]) is employed as the precatalyst in iron-catalyzed radical cyclizations of unsaturated organic halides in the presence of NaBH4. Mechanistic investigations have established that the ligand bound to the metal center (acetonitrile versus ethylenebis(diphenylphosphine) (dppe)) plays a crucial role in the structure and reactivity of the active anionic iron(I) hydride ([HFeCl(dppe)2]−) and borohydride ([(η1-H3BH)FeCl(NCCH3)4]−) with unsaturated haloacetals. This work provides new insights into iron(I) hydride and borohydride species and their potential implication in single-electron processes.
Mutational analysis of GCMB, a parathyroid-specific transcription factor, in parathyroid adenoma of primary hyperparathyroidism (2011)

Sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), one of the most common endocrine disorders, is characterized by hypercalcemia and elevated PTH levels. The majority of cases are caused by a benign parathyroid adenoma, but somatic or de novo germ-line mutations that lead to adenoma formation have only been identified in few glands. GCMB is a parathyroid-specific transcription factor, which causes hypoparathyroidism when inactivated on both parental alleles or when a dominant-negative, heterozygous mutation is present. It is overexpressed in some parathyroid adenomas, and we therefore tested the hypothesis that GCMB mutations can be a cause of parathyroid adenomas. Nucleotide sequence analysis was performed on all coding exons and exon-intron borders of GCMB in 30 sporadic parathyroid adenomas and we identified several known polymorphisms that were either heterozygous or homozygous. In addition, one of the 30 investigated glands revealed a novel heterozygous missense mutation, c.1144G>A, which introduced methionine at position 382 for valine (V382M), a conserved amino acid residue. Western blot analysis using mutant GCMB (GCMB-V382M) from lysates of transiently transfected DF-1 fibroblasts, luciferase assays using extracts from these cells, and electrophoretic mobility assays failed to reveal differences between wild-type and mutant GCMB in expression level, transactivational capacity, and DNA-binding ability. Furthermore, pulse-chase experiments demonstrated no difference in half-life of wild-type and mutant protein. We conclude that mutations in the transcription factor GCMB do not seem to play a major role in the pathogenesis of PHPT.
Launched pulse-shape dependence of the power spectrum of the spontaneous Brillouin backscattered light in an optical fiber (2000)

We theoretically analyze the relationship between the electric field envelope shape of an optical pulse launched into an optical fiber and the power spectrum of the spontaneous Brillouin backscattered light it produces. The electric field envelope is characterized by the pulse width, leading-trailing time, and steepness. The peak power of the launched, pulsed-light power spectrum is proportional to the square of the pulse width regardless of the pulse leading-trailing time and steepness, and the power spectrum broadens in inverse proportion to the pulse width. The peak power of the spontaneous Brillouin backscattered light produced by the launched, pulsed light is proportional to the pulse width when it is above approximately 100 ns and is proportional to the square of the pulse width when it is below approximately 1 ns. The power spectrum of the spontaneous Brillouin backscattered light also broadens rapidly corresponding to the pulse width, when the pulse width falls below approximately 30 ns. As the pulse leading-trailing time is shortened or the pulse leading-trailing part becomes steep, the Brillouin backscattered-light power spectrum broadens greatly, even if the launched pulse width remains constant. Our analysis showed that an optical pulse with a triangular-shaped electric field envelope forms the Brillouin backscattered-light power spectrum with the narrowest profile and consequently gives the minimum error in measuring the peak-power frequency, when the pulse width is below approximately 50 ns. The measurement error with the triangular-shaped pulsed light is 1/square root(2) times smaller than that for a rectangular-shaped pulsed light, when the pulse width falls below several nanoseconds. By contrast, the rectangular-shaped envelope gives the minimum error when the pulse width exceeds approximately 50 ns.
Can CMR be the new ‘gold standard’ for constrictive pericarditis? (2012)

Historically, the cardiac catheterization has been the 'gold standard'for the evaluation and confirmation of constrictive pericarditis. Noninvasive CMR should have a potential role to be equivalent or even superior given its abiltiy to detect both the anatomic and physiologic impact of an abnormal pericardium. Via RF tissue-tagging, we show that CMR could be a contender for a new non-invasive standard for the evalaution of this often clinical conundrum.
Automatic Container Code Recognition via Faster-RCNN (2019)

Automatic container code recognition (ACCR) plays an important role in customs logistics and transport management. Due to complicated lighting conditions and background pollution, automatic detection and recognition of container codes remains a difficult task. In this work, we exploit Faster-RCNN, a robust object detection algorithm based on deep learning algorithm, to detect and recognize container codes. First, container code characters are detected as 36 classes of small objects, consisting of 26 capitals and 10 digits. Next, a novel post processing algorithm based on binary search tree is adopted to find container code from detected characters. Experimental results validate the proposed approach, and the overall accuracy on a dataset with 831 container codes achieves 97.71%.
New Approach to the Design and Optimization of Energy Efficient Chemical Processes (2008)

Energy use in many process industries is dominated by separation processes. As energy costs are rising rapidly, there is a renewed interest in better methodologies for the synthesis, design and/or retrofitting of separation processes. In this thesis, a novel method for determining energy efficient process designs based on finding the separation with the shortest stripping line distance is proposed. A problem formulation based on mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) is given and a global optimization algorithm is presented for determining energy efficient process designs. A variety of examples of separations involving ideal, non-ideal, azeotropic and reactive mixtures are used to demonstrate the versatility and advantages of the shortest stripping line distance approach over available methods in literature. One of the major advantages of the proposed methodology is that it can be used to identify minimum energy requirement for multi-unit processes such as hybrid separations involving extraction followed by distillation and reaction/separation/recycle processes. The proposed shortest stripping line distance method is extended and a two-level distillation design procedure is developed for finding portfolios of minimum energy designs when specifications are given in terms of key component recoveries. It is shown that the proposed two-level design procedure is flexible and can find minimum energy designs for both zeotropic and azeotropic distillations. It is also shown that the two-level design method encompasses Underwood's solution, when it exists, and can find minimum energy designs when Underwood's method is not applicable. This two-level design approach also overcomes the well-know limitation of distillation line methods of sensitivity of column profiles to the product compositions. Non-pinched, minimum energy distillation designs are an important and often overlooked class of distillation designs that provided added economic advantages in practice. All current methods for designing distillation columns available in literature are based on the concept of pinch points and are incapable of finding non-pinched, minimum energy solutions. In contrast, it is demonstrated that shortest stripping line distance approach is capable of systematically and reliably finding non-pinched, minimum energy distillation designs as well as providing insights into the reasons for the existence of non-pinched, minimum energy design. These reasons include · trajectories that follow unstable branches of a pinch point curve in azeotropic systems, the inherent looping structure of trajectories in hydrocarbon separations, and the presence of ancillary constraints in multi-unit processes like extraction/distillation. Several examples are studied and many numerical results and geometric illustrations are presented in each section show
Automatic Generation of Subdivision Surface Head Models from Point Cloud Data (2002)

An automatic procedure is presented to generate a multiresolution head model from sampled surface data. A generic control mesh serves as the starting point for a fitting algorithm that approximates the points in an unstructured set of surface samples, e.g. a point cloud obtained directly from range scans of an individual. A hierarchical representation of the model is generated by repeated refinement using subdivision rules and measuring displacements to the input data. Key features of our method are the fully automated construction process, the ability to deal with noisy and incomplete input data, and no requirement for further processing of the scan data after registering the range images into a single point cloud.
An N‐Phosphino C‐ThiophosphinoyI Nitrilimine as a Formal 1,4 Dipole: Synthesis of 1,2,3λ5‐Diaza‐ and 1,2,4,3λ5‐Triazaphosphinines (1990)

Abstract No Absract.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Ectopic Expression of X-Linked Lymphocyte-Regulated Protein pM1 Renders Tumor Cells Resistant to Antitumor Immunity (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4 from Ectopic Expression of X-Linked Lymphocyte-Regulated Protein pM1 Renders Tumor Cells Resistant to Antitumor Immunity
Thermodynamics and dynamics of histidine-binding protein, the water-soluble receptor of histidine permease. Implications for the transport of high and low affinity ligands (2000)

The bacterial histidine permease is a model system for ABC transporters (traffic ATPases). The water-soluble receptor of this permease, HisJ, binds l-histidine and l-arginine (tightly) and l-lysine and l-ornithine (less tightly) in the periplasm, interacts with the membrane-bound complex (HisQMP2) and induces its ATPase activity, which results in ligand translocation. HisJ is a two-domain protein; in the absence of ligand, the cleft between two domains is open and binding of substrate stabilizes the closed conformation. Surprisingly, various liganded HisJ forms display substantial differences in their physicochemical characteristics and capacity to induce the ATPase. This is due to either different effects of the individual ligands on the respective closed structures, or to different equilibria being reached for each ligand between the open liganded form and the closed liganded form [Wolf, A., Lee, K.C., Kirsch, J.F. & Ames, G.F.-L. (1996) J. Biol. Chem.271, 21243–21250]. In this work, time-resolved measurements of the decay of intrinsic HisJ fluorescence and of the decay of the anisotropy of the fluorescence, as well as the analysis of the steady-state near UV CD and fluorescence spectra, rule out the model in which the differences between liganded complexes reflect different equilibria. The decay of the anisotropy of the fluorescence shows that liganded complexes differ dramatically in their large-scale conformational dynamics. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves for the HisJ thermal unfolding are well described by a scheme of equilibrium two-state unfolding of two independent domains, which can be ascribed to the two-domain structure of HisJ. This is true both for apo-HisJ at various pH values, and for HisJ in the presence of its ligands at varying concentrations, at pH 8.3. The DSC and structural data suggest that all ligands interact more extensively with the larger domain. A qualitative model for the HisJ conformational dynamics employing the idea of a twisting movement of the domains is proposed, which explains the difference in the efficacy of the ATPase induction by the various liganded HisJ forms.
Mode Properties and Propagation Effects of Optical Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Modes in a Ring Fiber (2012)

We simulate and analyze the mode properties and propagation effects of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in a ring fiber. A ring fiber with 0.05 up-doping is designed in simulation to support up to 10 OAM modes while maintaining single-mode condition radially. With a multiple-ring fiber, tens of OAM modes can be potentially multiplexed to greatly enhance the system capacity and spectral efficiency. The mode index difference can be maintained above 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> over hundreds of nanometers optical bandwidth. Higher order OAM modes' azimuthal intensity and odd-order OAM modes' azimuthal phase show better tolerance to the fiber ellipticity. Moreover, higher order OAM modes also have longer 2π and 10-ps walk-off length. After 600-km propagation, OAM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0,4</sub> mode shows <; 10-ps mode walk- off, even in a ring fiber with 1% ellipticity. Also, in such an elliptical fiber, the well-aligned OAM modes with different charges have <;-20 dB intermode crosstalk. The improvement of the circularity for the ring fiber is expected to reduce the crosstalk and increase the demultiplexing efficiency.
Adaptive Multi-Dimensional Particle In Cell (2008)

Kinetic Particle In Cell (PIC) methods can extend greatly their range of applicability if implicit time differencing and spatial adaption are used to address the wide range of time and length scales typical of plasmas. For implicit differencing, we refer the reader to our recent summary of the implicit moment PIC method implemented in our CELESTE3D code [G. Lapenta, Phys. Plasmas, 13, 055904 (2006)]. Instead, the present document deals with the issue of PIC spatial adaptation. Adapting a kinetic PIC code requires two tasks: adapting the grid description of the fields and moments and adapting the particle description of the distribution function. Below we address both issues. First, we describe how grid adaptation can be guided by appropriate measures of the local accuracy of the solution. Based on such information, grid adaptation can be obtained by moving grid points from regions of lesser interest to regions of higher interest or by adding and removing points. We discuss both strategies. Second, we describe how to adapt the local number of particles to reach the required statistical variance in the description of the particle population. Finally two typical applications of adaptive PIC are shown: collisionless shocks and charging of small bodies immersed in a plasma.
Synthesis and Analgesic Activity of Some 1-Benzofurans, 1-Benzothiophenes and Indoles (2000)

3-Unsubstituted 1-benzofurans 1e and 1f , 3-methyl-1-benzofurans 1a - 1d , and 3-amino-1-benzofurans 2a - 2l , as well as 3-amino-1-benzothiophenes 3a , 3b and 3-aminoindoles 4a - 4f , 11a , and 11b were prepared and tested as analgesics. The 3-amino-1-benzofurans 2 were prepared from the corresponding 2-hydroxybenzonitriles 5 and phenacyl bromides 6 via intermediates 7 . Similar treatment of 2-sulfanylbenzonitrile ( 8 ) provided 3-amino-1-benzothiophenes 3 . Appropriately substituted 2-aminobenzonitriles 9 then provided N-substituted 3-aminoindoles 4 . 1-(Ethoxycarbonyl)indoles 4e and 4f were successfully deprotected giving indoles 11a and 11b , respectively.
The effects of single and mixed infections ofApicystis bombiand deformed wing virus inBombus terrestris (2015)

Many pollinators are currently suffering from declines, diminishing their gene pool and increasing their vulnerability to parasites. Recently, an increasing diversity of parasites has been recorded in bumblebees, yet for many, knowledge of their virulence and hence the risk their presence poses, is lacking. The deformed wing virus (DWV), known to be ubiquitous in honey bees, has now been detected in bumblebees. In addition, the neogregarine Apicystis bombi has been discovered to be more prevalent than previously thought. Here, we assess for the first time the lethal and sublethal effects of these parasites during single and mixed infections of worker bumblebees (Bombus terrestris). Fifteen days after experimental exposure, 22% of bees exposed to A. bombi, 50% of bees exposed to DWV and 86% of bees exposed to both parasites had died. Bumblebees that had ingested A. bombi had increased sucrose sensitivity (SS) and a lower lipid:body size ratio than control bees. While dual infected bumblebees showed no increase in SS. Overall, we find that A. bombi exhibits both lethal and sublethal effects. DWV causes lethal effect and may reduce the sub lethal effects imposed by A. bombi. The results show that both parasites have significant, negative effects on bumblebee health, making them potentially of conservation concern.
Establishment and characterisation of oviductal organoids from farm and companion animals (2022)

ABSTRACT Organoid technology has provided us with a unique opportunity to study early human development and decipher various steps involved in the pathogenesis of human diseases. The technology is already used in clinics to improve human patient outcomes. However, limited knowledge of the methodologies required to establish organoid culture systems in domestic animals has slowed the advancement and application of organoid technology in veterinary medicine. Here, we have developed a platform to grow organoids from animal tissue samples and characterized oviductal organoids from five domestic animal species. Organoids were grown progressively from single cells derived from the enzymatic digestion of freshly collected equine, bovine, feline, canine, and porcine oviducts. The addition of WNT, TGFB, BMP, Rock, and Notch signalling pathway activators or inhibitors in the culture medium suggested remarkable conservation of the molecular signals involved in oviductal epithelial development and differentiation across species. The gross morphology of organoids from all the domestic species was initially similar. However, some differences in size, complexity, and growth rate were observed and described. Well-defined and synchronised motile ciliated cells were observed in differentiated organoids in mature populations. Histopathologically, oviductal organoids mimicked their respective native tissue. In summary, we have developed a detailed cross-species comparison of oviductal organoid models, which will be valuable for advancing assisted reproductive technologies and fertility studies in these animal species in the future. Summary sentence Organoids can be derived from the oviductal epithelium of cow, cat, dog, horse, and pig to advance assisted reproductive technologies in animals.
Subjective Listening Tests in Concert Halls (1995)

The aim of this paper is to analyze the problems linked to listening tests in real halls during concerts and to devise a methodology overcoming these problems as much as possible. It will be shown that in this way it is possible to collect reliable data under real concert conditions.