gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A spectral study of cobalt(II)-substituted Bacillus cereus phospholipase C (1986)

The coordination sphere of both the structural and catalytic zinc ions of Bacillus cereus phospholipase C has been probed by substitution of cobalt(II) for zinc and investigation of the resultant derivatives by a variety of spectroscopic techniques. The electronic absorption, circular dichroic, magnetic circular dichroic, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra were found to be strikingly similar when cobalt(II) was substituted into either site and are consistent with a distorted octahedral environment for the metal ion in both sites. Octahedral coordination appears comparatively rare in zinc metalloenzymes but has been suggested for glyoxalase I [Sellin, S., Eriksson, L. E. G., Aronsson, A.-C., & Mannervik, B. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 2091-2093; Garcia-Iniguez, L., Powers, L., Chance, B., Sellin, S., Mannervik, B., & Mildvan, A. S. (1984) Biochemistry 23, 685-689], transcarboxylase [Fung, C.-H., Mildvan, A. S., & Leigh, J. S. (1974) Biochemistry 13, 1160-1169], and the regulatory binding site of Aeromonas aminopeptidase [Prescott, J. M., Wagner, F. W., Holmquist, B., & Vallee, B. L. (1985) Biochemistry 24, 5350-5356]. Phospholipase C is so far unique in having two such sites.
Subungual glomus tumor (2015)

We report the case of a female patient of 42 years old with a subungual glomus tumor, in the second left finger, which has been present for 11 years. The clinical manifestations were pain, discoloration and dystrophic fingernail changes.
Learning Polymer Crystallization with the Aid of Linear, Branched and Cyclic Model Compounds (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleLearning Polymer Crystallization with the Aid of Linear, Branched and Cyclic Model CompoundsGoran Ungar and Xiang-bing ZengView Author Information Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K., and Venture Business Laboratory, University of Hiroshima, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2001, 101, 12, 4157–4188Publication Date (Web):November 20, 2001Publication History Received30 July 2001Published online20 November 2001Published inissue 1 December 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr990130uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr990130uresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2439Altmetric-Citations171LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Crystal structure,Crystallization,Crystals,Layers,Polymers Get e-Alerts
D–A–π–A organic dyes with tailored green light absorption for potential application in greenhouse-integrated dye-sensitized solar cells (2021)

In this paper, we present the design and synthesis of three organic dyes specially developed for the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells with potential application in greenhouses cladding.
Iridathiabenzene, a Novel .eta.6 Heteroaromatic .pi.-Ligand (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIridathiabenzene, a Novel .eta.6 Heteroaromatic .pi.-LigandJiabi Chen, Victor G. Young Jr., and Robert J. AngeliciCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 23, 6362–6363Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00128a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00128a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: π Conjugation in 2,2′‐Bithiophene and Its Dimethyl Derivatives: Model Compounds of Organic Conducting Polymers Based on Thiophene Rings. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology in the evaluation of suspected tuberculosis in patients with isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy (2010)

EUS-FNA is an accurate, safe, and minimally invasive modality for evaluating isolated mediastinal lymphadenopathy in patients suspected of having tuberculosis in an endemic area with a high prevalence of tuberculosis.
Optical saturation measurements of fluorophores in solution with pulsed femtosecond excitation and two-dimensional CCD camera detection (1997)

We present a new method for the measurement of saturation of the optical transition of fluorescent molecules in solution, which is based on detection with a CCD camera of a two-dimensional projection of the three-dimensional, spatially nonuniform fluorescence intensity distribution as generated in a bulk solution of the fluorophore by excitation with focused femtosecond optical pulses. Essential to the method is (a) a combination of information from a measurement in saturation and one not in saturation and (b) for the measurement in saturation, the simultaneous observation of both saturated and nonsaturated regions of the fluorescence intensity distribution. The experimental setup is straightforward and good agreement is found between the theory and the experimental data.
Automated image-based detection and grading of lymphocytic infiltration in breast cancer histopathology (2010)

The identification of phenotypic changes in breast cancer (BC) histopathology is of significant clinical importance in predicting disease outcome and prescribing appropriate therapy. One such example is the presence of lymphocytic infiltration (LI) in histopathology, which has been correlated with a variety of prognoses and theragnoses (i.e. response to treatment) in BC patients. In this thesis work a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) system is detailed for quantitatively measuring the extent of LI from hematoxylin and eosin (H &amp; E) stained histopathology. The CADx system is subsequently applied to BC patients expressing the HER2 gene (HER2+ BC), where LI extent has been found to correlate with nodal metastasis and distant recurrence. Although LI may be graded qualitatively by BC pathologists, there is currently no quantitative and reproducible method for measuring LI extent in HER2+ BC histopathology. Hence, a CADx system that performs this task will potentially help clinicians predict disease outcome and allow them to make better therapy recommendations for HER2+ BC patients. The CADx methodology comprises three key steps. First, a combination of region-growing and Markov Random Field algorithms is used to detect individual lymphocyte nuclei and isolate areas of LI in digitized H &amp; E stained histopathology images. The centers of individual detected lymphocytes are used as vertices to construct a series of graphs (Voronoi Diagram, Delaunay Triangulation, and Minimum Spanning Tree) and a total of 50 architectural features describing the spatial arrangement of lymphocytes are extracted from each image. By using Graph Embedding, a non-linear dimensionality reduction method, to project the high-dimensional feature vectors into a reduced 3D embedding space, it is possible to visualize the underlying manifold that represents the continuous nature of the LI phenotype. Over a set of 100 randomized cross-validation trials, a Support Vector Machine classifier shows that the architectural feature set distinguishes HER2+ BC histopathology samples containing high and low levels of LI with a classification accuracy greater than 90%.
Improvement of data management in scientific urological research (2002)

The study design and data processing of scientific research in medicine is a complex matter. This also applies to the authors' department. Applications of advanced computer technologies may alleviate the efforts of medical researchers in these processes. The authors describe in detail the database design used by physicians in URIS (see W. d'Hollosy et al., "URIS-A Universal Information System", Proc. IEEE-EMBS, vol. 14, p. 858-9, 1992). This system has improved data management in the authors' department.
Identification of the Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) Binding Site on the Hemopexin Carboxyl Domain of Human Gelatinase A by Site-directed Mutagenesis (1999)

Cell surface activation of progelatinase A occurs in a quaternary complex with the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) and two membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases. We have mutated the unique cationic clusters found in hemopexin modules III and IV of the carboxyl domain (C domain) of human gelatinase A to determine their role in binding TIMP-2. Twelve single, double, and triple site-directed mutations were produced that exhibited different TIMP-2 binding properties. Notably, single alanine substitutions at Lys547 and Lys617 reduced TIMP-2 binding by an order of magnitude from that of the recombinant wild-type C domain. Mutations that completely disrupted the C domain.TIMP-2 interaction were K558A/R561A, K610T/K617A, and K566A/K568A/K617A. A triple mutation, K566A/K568A/K575A, having TIMP-2 binding indistinguishable from the wild-type C domain (Kd 3.0 x 10(-8) M), showed that simple reduction of net positive charge does not reduce TIMP-2 affinity. Because the double mutation K566A/K568A also did not alter TIMP-2 binding, these data do not confirm previously reported chimera studies that indicated the importance of the triple lysine cluster at positions 566/567/568 in TIMP-2 binding. Nonetheless, a subtle role in TIMP-2 interaction for the 566/567/568-lysine triad is indicated from the enhanced reduction in TIMP-2 binding that occurs when mutations here were combined with K617A. Thus, these analyses indicate that the TIMP-2 binding surface lies at the junction of hemopexin modules III and IV on the peripheral rim of the gelatinase A C domain. This location implies that considerable molecular movement of the TIMP-2. C domain complex would be needed for the bound TIMP-2 to inhibit in cis the gelatinase A active site.
Optimizing interference cancellation in cooperative wireless networks with relay selection (2014)

Successive interference cancellation (SIC) is a decoding scheme that allows multiple sources to transmit simultaneously over the wireless medium to a single destination. The power level that each symbol is received has a direct impact on the performance of SIC. Thus, optimizing SIC entails careful power allocation at the transmitting sources or in a network setup, the scheduling of the sources that will transmit simultaneously. In this paper we consider a two-hop multi-relay cooperative network setup. In this setting instead of pro-actively scheduling the sources or employing power allocation, we investigate a reactive scheme for optimizing the performance of SIC that operates after the sources have transmitted. We propose distributed relay selection as the means to improve SIC. We investigate different relay selection policies depending on channel state information (CSI) availability at the relays and the performance optimization objective. Simulation results for our SIC-aware relay selection schemes demonstrate that it offers a viable option for improving the performance of SIC.
Purification and characterization of carbaryl hydrolase from Arthrobacter sp. RC100 (2001)

A carbaryl hydrolase was purified to homogeneity from Arthrobacter sp. strain RC100 by protamine sulfate treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and hydrophobic, anion-exchange, and gel filtration chromatographies. The native enzyme had a molecular mass of 100 kDa and was composed of two identical subunits with molecular masses of 51 kDa. The hydrolase activity was strongly inhibited by DIFP, PMSF, Hg2+ and paraoxon but not by EDTA. The optimum pH and temperature for the enzyme activity were 9.0 and 50°C, respectively. The enzyme hydrolyzed four N-methylcarbamate insecticides (carbaryl, xylylcarb, metolcarb and XMC), but was not able to hydrolyze fenobucarb, propoxur, and isoprocarb.
Evaluation of High-Temperature Oxidation Characteristics of Two Directionally Laminated C/C Composite Fabricated by the Preformed Yarn Method (1996)

Oxidation kinetics of as received and preheat-treated C/C composites fabricated by the preformed yarn method were investigated. The weight loss due to gasification was measured with oxidation time. In situ observation of microscopic morphological change due to oxidation was conducted using a laser microscope during heating in flowing air. Then, degraded inner and outer morphologies of C/C composites oxidized at various temperatures were examined through observation by SEM and measurement of pore distribution using a mercury porosimeter. As a result, degraded morphologies due to oxidation were extremely different depending on the oxidation temperature range. The inner structural changes became obvious as the oxidation temperature decreased. Therefore, the rate-determining process of the oxidation was changed from the surface chemical reaction to reactive gas diffusion across the boundary layer of a gaseous oxidation product as the oxidation temperature increased. The oxidation reactivity of C/C composites was related to metallic impurities such as iron and residual stress generated during fabrication.
5G mm-Wave front-end-module design with advanced SOI process (2017)

In this paper, we first introduce the RF performance of Globalfoundries 45RFSOI process. NFET F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> > 290GHz and F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> >380GHz. Then we present several mm-Wave circuit block designs, i.e., Switch, Power Amplifier, and LNA, based on 45RFSOI process for 5G Front End Module (FEM) applications. For the SPDT switch, insertion loss (IL) <; 1dB at 30GHz with 32dBm P1dB and > 25dBm P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> . For the PA, with a 2.9V power supply, the PA achieves 13.1dB power gain and a saturated output power (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sat</sub> ) of 16.2dBm with maximum power-added efficiency (PAE) of 41.5% at 24Ghz continuous-wave (CW). With 960Mb/s 64QAM signal, 22.5% average PAE, -29.6dB EVM, and -30.5dBc ACLR are achieved with 9.5dBm average output power.
Is early age-related macular degeneration related to carotid artery stiffness? The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (2006)

Carotid artery stiffness was not associated with signs of early AMD in this middle-aged population. These data provide no evidence of a link between age-related elastoid changes and early atherosclerotic processes in the carotid arteries and early AMD.
Power-Scalable Dynamic Element Matching for a 3.4-GHz 9-bit $\Delta\Sigma$ RF-DAC in 16-nm FinFET (2018)

This letter presents a hardware-efficient technique to scale the power consumption of dynamic element matching (DEM) DACs with the static back-off level of the digital input signal. Unlike previous DEM techniques, the proposed power-scalable approach disables parts of the DEM encoder and DAC elements when the digital signal level is decreased from full-scale, thus resulting in reduced power consumption and lower mismatch noise at the DAC output. Power-scalable DEM is particularly useful in digital-intensive RF transmitters, where 30-50 dB of signal power control may be performed in the digital domain. The concept is demonstrated for a 3.4-GHz 9-bit I/Q RF-DAC, utilizing bandpass delta-sigma modulation and DEM with programmable center frequency. The circuit is fabricated in a 16-nm FinFET process. When changing the digital back-off level of an LTE20 carrier from 0 to -18 dB, measurement results show a 72% reduction in total power consumption and 4.5-dB lower mismatch noise, achieved without performing any bias tuning or gain control in the analog domain. The digital delta-sigma modulator and DEM encoder consume less than 20 mW in full-scale mode.
Replacement of a Thiourea-S with an Amidine-NH Donor Group in a Platinum−Acridine Antitumor Compound Reduces the Metal’s Reactivity with Cysteine Sulfur (2009)

The reactivity of two DNA-targeted platinum-acridine conjugates with cysteine sulfur was studied. The conjugate containing an amidine-NH donor group cis to the chloride leaving group showed considerably reduced reactivity with N-acetylcysteine compared to the prototypical derivative containing a thiourea-S linkage. The opposite scenario has been observed previously in reactions with nucleobase nitrogen. Possible consequences of the unique target-selective tuning of the substitution chemistry for the pharmacodynamic properties and biological activity of these agents are discussed.
Total synthesis of tri-O-methylolivin (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of tri-O-methylolivinJohn H. Dodd, John E. Starrett Jr., and Steven M. WeinrebCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 6, 1811–1812Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00318a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00318a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views285Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Not all bytes are equal: Neural byte sieve for fuzzing (2017)

Fuzzing is a popular dynamic program analysis technique used to find vulnerabilities in complex software. Fuzzing involves presenting a target program with crafted malicious input designed to cause crashes, buffer overflows, memory errors, and exceptions. Crafting malicious inputs in an efficient manner is a difficult open problem and often the best approach to generating such inputs is through applying uniform random mutations to pre-existing valid inputs (seed files). We present a learning technique that uses neural networks to learn patterns in the input files from past fuzzing explorations to guide future fuzzing explorations. In particular, the neural models learn a function to predict good (and bad) locations in input files to perform fuzzing mutations based on the past mutations and corresponding code coverage information. We implement several neural models including LSTMs and sequence-to-sequence models that can encode variable length input files. We incorporate our models in the state-of-the-art AFL (American Fuzzy Lop) fuzzer and show significant improvements in terms of code coverage, unique code paths, and crashes for various input formats including ELF, PNG, PDF, and XML.
Enriching self‐organizing networks use cases with opportunistic features: a coverage and capacity optimization paradigm (2013)

SUMMARY Self‐organizing networks (SONs) have been introduced into long‐term evolution in order to configure and optimize the network in an autonomic manner. However, in some situations the reconfiguration of the entire network is not the most cost‐efficient solution. Consequently, opportunistic networks have been introduced as operator‐governed, coordinated extensions of the infrastructure that are created dynamically where and when they are needed, exploiting the radio environment. This work proposes an enhanced SON functional architecture (FA) with opportunistic features in order to handle such situations through the manipulation of ONs. In addition, the proposed FA is utilized in a coverage and capacity optimization use case, where small cells are deployed in order to extend the capacity of a macro base station (BS). Users opportunistically exploit the resources (i.e. resource blocks) of the small cells. In addition, the small cells are configured to the optimal power level in order to maximize the users’ throughput without causing interference to the other users. Two different approaches of controlling the interference among the macro BS and the small cells are presented, namely soft constraint and hard constraint cases. Furthermore, apart from maximizing the users’ throughput, emphasis is given to the fairness among the users and on the quality‐of‐service provision through a proper resource allocation. The evaluation proved that when small cells are introduced the system's throughput is increased by 12.76% when the macro BS and the small cells cannot use the same resource blocks simultaneously (hard constraint case) and by 8.25% when the reuse is possible. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Thermal Conductivity of Rare-Earth Nickel Borocarbides (2000)

Abstract YNi 2 B 2 C and LuNi 2 B 2 C are relatively high T c superconductors ( T c =15.6K and 16.6K, respectively) for quaternary intermetallic compounds. Recent neutron scattering experiments show anomalous phonon behavior below T c for both YNi 2 B 2 C and LuNi 2 B 2 C. Thermal conductivity measurements have been performed and indicate a strong enhancement below T c in the thermal conductivity of LuNi 2 B 2 C, and a weaker enhancement below T c for YNi 2 B 2 C which is similar to measurements previously reported by others for YNi 2 B 2 C.