gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decentralized Cooperative Localization for Heterogeneous Multi-robot System Using Split Covariance Intersection Filter (2014)

This study proposes the use of a split covariance intersection filter (Split-CIF) for decentralized multi-robot cooperative localization. In the proposed method each robot maintains a local extended Kalman filter to estimate its own pose in a pre-defined reference frame. When a robot receives pose information from neighbouring robots it employs a Split-CIF-based approach to fuse this received measurement with its local belief. For a team of N mobile robots, the processing and communication complexity of the proposed method is linear, O(N), with respect to the number of robots in the team. The proposed method does not demand for fully connected synchronous communication channels between robots and can work with any asynchronous and partially connected communication network. Additionally, the proposed method gives consistent state updates and is capable of handling independent and interdependent parts of the estimations separately. The numerical simulations presented validate the proposed algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is outperformed compared to single-robot localization algorithms and also demonstrate approximately the same estimation accuracy as a centralized cooperative localization approach but with reduced computational cost.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH In Vivo High-Resolution MR Imaging of Neuropathologic Changes in the Injured Rat Spinal Cord (2006)

MR imaging is the most comprehensive noninvasive means to assessstructural changes in injured central nervous system (CNS) tissue in humans over time. The fewpublished in vivo MR imaging studies of spinal cord injury in rodent models by using field strengths 7T suffer from low spatial resolution, flow, and motion artifacts. The aim of this study was to assessthe capacity of a 17.6T imaging system to detect pathologic changes occurring in a rat spinal cordcontusion injury model ex vivo and in vivo.
A 10-Gb/s CMOS Merged Adaptive Equalizer/CDR Circuit for Serial-Link Receivers (2006)

A merged equalizer/CDR circuit employs a parallel-path equalizer and triple-loop adaptation to achieve a binary data rate of 10 Gb/s. Realized in 0.13μm CMOS technology, the circuit adapts to FR4 trace lengths up to 24 inches with BER<10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-13</sup> while consuming 133 mW from a 1.6-V supply
Dynamic placement for clustered web applications (2006)

We introduce and evaluate a middleware clustering technology capable of allocating resources to web applications through dynamic application instance placement. We define application instance placement as the problem of placing application instances on a given set of server machines to adjust the amount of resources available to applications in response to varying resource demands of application clusters. The objective is to maximize the amount of demand that may be satisfied using a configured placement. To limit the disturbance to the system caused by starting and stopping application instances, the placement algorithm attempts to minimize the number of placement changes. It also strives to keep resource utilization balanced across all server machines. Two types of resources are managed, one load-dependent and one load-independent. When putting the chosen placement in effect our controller schedules placement changes in a manner that limits the disruption to the system.
Parity and the Medicalization of Addiction Treatment (2010)

Parity, the idea that insurance coverage for the treatment of addiction should be on a par with insurance coverage for the treatment of other medical illnesses, is not a new idea, but the path to achieving "real parity" has been a long, hard and complex journey. Action by Congress to pass major parity legislation in 2008 was a huge step forward, but does not mean that parity has been achieved. Parity has required a paradigm shift in the understanding of addiction as a biological illness: many developments of science and policy changes by professional organizations and governmental entities have contributed to that paradigm shift. Access to adequate treatment for patients must acknowledge the paradigm shift reflected in parity as it has evolved to the current point: that this biological illness is widespread, that it is important that it be treated effectively, that appropriate third party payment for physician-provided or physician-supervised addiction treatment is critical for addiction medicine to become a part of the mainstream of our nation's healthcare delivery system, and that medical specialty care provides the most effective and cost effective benefit to patients and therefore to our society.
A DNA Vaccine in Which the RSV-F Ectodomain Is Covalently Linked to the Burkholderia pseudomallei Antigens TssM and Hcp1 Augments the Humoral and Cytotoxic Response in Mice (2019)

DNA vaccines have great potential to control infectious disease, particularly those caused by intracellular organisms. They are inexpensive to produce and can be quickly modified to combat emerging infectious threats, but often fail to generate a strong immunologic response limiting enthusiasm for their use in humans and animals. To improve the immunogenic response, we developed a DNA vaccine in which the F protein ectodomain of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV-F) was covalently linked to specific antigens of interest. The presence of the RSV-F ectodomain allowed secretion of the translated fusion product out of the originally transfected cells followed by its active binding to adjacent cells. This allowed the targeting of a greater number of cells than those originally transfected, enhancing both humoral and cytotoxic immune responses against the expressed antigen(s). We developed an engrafted mouse model that used antigen-expressing tumor cells to assess the <i>in vivo</i> cytotoxic immune response to specific antigens. We then used this model to demonstrate that a DNA vaccine in which the RSV-F ectodomain is fused to two antigens expressed by <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i>, the intracellular gram-negative organism that causes melioidosis, generated a stronger cytotoxic response than a DNA vaccine that lacked the RSV-F sequence while still generating a robust humoral response.
Post-processed Nitinol actuator structure–property study (2006)

Previous NASA work has included fabrication and modeling of hybrid composite (HC) specimens with embedded Nitinol ribbon actuators and thermomechanical testing of the constituents. The Nitinol tensile behavior depended significantly on the thermomechanical condition (TMC). A Nitinol microstructure/mechanical property characterization was conducted on four TMCs. Differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray diffraction were used to rationalize the microstructures present. Tensile tests determined the effect of TMC on the Nitinol tensile behavior and stress state of the microstructure. Three TMCs showed typical shape memory behavior. The TMC that simulated the HC autoclave process on the actuator resulted in an irreversible microstructure. The microstructural constituents and their stress states probably govern the Nitinol stress–strain behavior. The critical stress to achieve an initial stress plateau was dependent on the amount and stress state of R-phase present in the initial microstructure. Thus, prior TMC critically affects the Nitinol tensile behavior. Numerical model inputs must therefore account for these effects on the Nitinol actuator.
Tuning of Quantum Emitters in Hexagonal Boron Nitride (2019)

We demonstrate two different techniques to tune quantum emitters in hBN, achieving record tuning magnitudes for a solid state quantum emitter, as well as dynamic and reversible modulation of the emitters through both methods).
THE RELATIONSHIP OF PLASMID-MEDIATED IRON TRANSPORT AND BACTERIAL VIRULENCE (1984)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More
Rationale behind high-dose amoxicillin therapy for acute otitis media due to penicillin-nonsusceptible pneumococci: support from in vitro pharmacodynamic studies (1997)

To evaluate whether increased doses of amoxicillin should be used to treat acute pneumococcal otitis media, an in vitro pharmacokinetic model was used to evaluate the killing of pneumococci by amoxicillin when middle ear pharmacokinetics were simulated. Logarithmic-phase cultures were exposed to peak concentrations of 3, 6, and 9 microg of amoxicillin per ml every 12 h, and an elimination half-life of 1.6 h was simulated. Changes in viable bacterial counts were measured over 36 h. All three doses rapidly decreased the viable bacterial counts of penicillin-susceptible strains below the 10-CFU/ml limit of detection by 6 to 10 h and maintained counts below this limit through 36 h. The 3-microg/ml peak dose was much less effective against two of three strains with intermediate penicillin resistance and all three penicillin-resistant strains, with bacterial counts approaching those in drug-free control cultures by 12 h. The 6-microg/ml peak dose completely eliminated two of three strains with intermediate penicillin resistance and maintained viable counts of the other nonsusceptible strains at 1.5 to 2 logs below the initial inoculum through 36 h. The 9-microg/ml peak dose was most effective, completely eliminating all three strains with intermediate penicillin resistance and maintaining the viable counts of the resistant strains at 3 to 4 logs below the original inoculum. The pharmacodynamics observed in this study suggest that peak concentrations of amoxicillin of 6 to 9 microg/ml may be sufficient for the elimination of penicillin-nonsusceptible pneumococcal strains causing otitis media, especially those with intermediate resistance to amoxicillin. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies are needed to determine if these levels can be achieved in middle ear fluid with amoxicillin at 70 to 90 mg/kg/day divided into two daily doses. If these levels are reliably achieved, then clinical studies are warranted.
End-to-side nerve repair: Attachment of a distal, compared with a proximal and distal, nerve segment (2006)

Regeneration occurs if a distal nerve segment is attached end-to-side to an intact donor nerve after the nerve has been injured. We investigated if attachment of a proximal nerve segment as well, as an extra source of axons, had any advantage over the single attachment of a distal nerve segment to the same donor nerve. In rats, a single distal radial nerve, or both the proximal and distal radial nerve segments, were attached end-to-side to the musculocutaneous nerve, and effects were examined up to eight months after the repair. Cell profiles were double-labelled, indicating recruitment of axons by collateral sprouting, but there were few such cells. There was a shift in the distribution of retrograde labelled neuronal cell profiles in spinal cord and in DRGs between the two types of repair. Both procedures resulted in axonal outgrowth and some functional recovery, but there was no improvement if a proximal nerve segment was also used as a source for axons.
Combinatorial Discovery and Optimization of a Complex Oxide with Water Photoelectrolysis Activity (2008)

A ternary oxide containing cobalt, aluminum, and iron and not previously known to be active for the photoelectrolysis of water was identified using a high throughput combinatorial technique. The technique involves ink jet printing overlapping patterns of oxide precursors onto fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive glass substrates. Subsequent pyrolysis yields patterns of mixed oxide compositions that were screened for photoelectrolysis activity by scanning a laser over the material while it was immersed in an electrolyte and mapping the photocurrent response. The composition and optimum thickness for photoelectrochemical response of the newly identified material was further refined using quantitative ink jet printing. Chemical analysis of bulk and thin film samples revealed that the material contains cobalt, aluminum, and iron in a Co3O4 spinel structure with Fe and Al substituted into Co sites with a nominal stoichiometry of Co3−x−yAlxFeyO4 where x and y are about 0.18 and 0.30, respectively. The material is a p-type semiconductor with an indirect band gap of around 1.5 eV, a value that is nearly ideal for an efficient single photoelectrode for water photoelectroylsis. Photoelectrochemical measurements indicate that the onset of hydrogen evolution is about 0.9 V positive of the thermodynamic value but the photocurrent is limited by slow kinetics for hydrogen evolution.
PHONI: Streamed Matching Statistics with Multi-Genome References (2021)

Computing the matching statistics of patterns with respect to a text is a fundamental task in bioinformatics, but a formidable one when the text is a highly compressed genomic database. Bannai et al. gave an efficient solution for this case, which Rossi et al. recently implemented, but it uses two passes over the patterns and buffers a pointer for each character during the first pass. In this paper, we simplify their solution and make it streaming, at the cost of slowing it down slightly. This means that, first, we can compute the matching statistics of several long patterns (such as whole human chromosomes) in parallel while still using a reasonable amount of RAM; second, we can compute matching statistics online with low latency and thus quickly recognize when a pattern becomes incompressible relative to the database. Our code is available at https://github.com/koeppl/phoni.
Minimum loss control of low-voltage residential microgrids (2012)

Cooperative control of distributed energy resources can improve dramatically the operation of residential microgrids, in terms of voltage stability, distribution efficiency and power quality, while allowing cost-effective management and sharing of energy resources among prosumers (electric customers which produce and consume energy). This paper describes an optimum control technique which provides the above features and can be implemented in low-voltage microgrids by making use of a distributed ICT infrastructure of limited complexity and narrowband communication capability.
Measurement of the differential cross sections for the associated production of a W boson and jets in proton-proton collisions at s=13  TeV (2017)

A measurement of the differential cross sections for a W boson produced in association with jets in the muon decay channel is presented. The measurement is based on 13 TeV proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 fb -1 , recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC. The cross sections are reported as functions of jet multiplicity, jet transverse momentum p T , jet rapidity, the scalar p T sum of the jets, and angular correlations between the muon and each jet for different jet multiplicities. The measured cross sections are in agreement with predictions that include multileg leading-order (LO) and next-to-LO matrix element calculations interfaced with parton showers, as well as a next-to-next-to-LO calculation for the W boson and one jet production.
Antiasthmatic effects of a leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor (MK-0591) in allergic dogs (1995)

Peptidoleukotrienes may be important mediators of human bronchial asthma. Accordingly, the effects of a selective leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis inhibitor (MK-0591) were assessed in allergic dogs characterized by acute bronchoconstriction and subsequent airway hyperresponsiveness induced by inhaled ragweed allergen. Peak acute increases in airway resistance (Rrs) induced by ragweed were associated with increased bronchoalveolar lavage histamine concentration, and neither parameter was inhibited by MK-0591 (8 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 i.v.). However, the duration of the bronchoconstriction was significantly decreased by MK-0591, with a reduction in the area under the curve of 40% (P < 0.05). Associated with the acute bronchoconstriction in placebo-treated animals was a fivefold increase in urinary LTE4 excretion (as seen with allergic asthmatic patients), which was reduced to < 10% of basal values by MK-0591. Similarly, whole blood LTB4 biosynthesis was abolished in the MK-0591-treated animals. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness preallergen (measured as the percent concentration of acetylecholine required to increase Rrs by 5 cmH2O.l-1.s) tended to improve with MK-0591 (0.41 +/- 0.15 vs. 0.23 +/- 0.05%). Five hours after allergen inhalation, the percent concentration declined substantially in the placebo group (0.07 +/- 0.02%; P < 0.01), revealing an increased airway responsiveness that was significantly blunted by MK-0591 (0.26 +/- 0.07%; P < 0.001). These data suggest that selective inhibition of LT biosynthesis by novel compounds such as MK-0591 may modify the airway changes associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness, as well as offer symptomatic relief in asthma.
Methods of preparation ofC-substituted phosphorus ylides and their application in organic synthesis (1997)

Methods of preparation of phosphorus ylides substituted at the carbon atom of the P=C group with atoms of various elements and their application in organic synthesis are systematised and generalised. The bibliography includes 508 references.
Automated Multi-Tier System Design for Service Availability (2003)

Creating a cost-effective large-scale multi-tier Enterprise service requires judicious selection and configuration of infrastructure elements and mechanisms. The minimum cost solution that satisfies business requirements for service availability and performance should be identified. Emerging self-managed computing utility environments demand an automated solution to this problem. This solution must be integrated with the utility controller, which typically virtualizes resources for services, thus hiding from them information about the characteristics of the underlying physical infrastructure. In this paper, we present AVED, our initial version of an engine that automatically designs a cost-effective service infrastructure which will meet the service’s availability requirements. AVED explores a design space consisting of multiple combinations of hardware/software configurations presenting various tradeoffs among cost, availability, and performance. We illustrate that AVED generates a complete picture of the cost-availability tradeoff for the infrastructure design. We also describe how AVED can be integrated with utility computing environments to improve the automation of service lifecycles.
Eigenstates of Maxwell's equations in composite microstructures (2021)

The theory of eigenstates of Maxwell's equations in a composite medium is extended to composites that have many constituents where every constituent can have arbitrary but uniform values of the dielectric constant, the electric conductivity and the magnetic permeability. Those eigenstates are then used to develop an expansion for the local physical electric field which results either from a given electric current distribution or a given “incident field", which means a field that is produced in the pure “host constituent" that is the only constituent which extends out to infinite distances.
A general mechanism for controlling thin film structures in all-conjugated block copolymer:fullerene blends (2014)

Nanostructures in an all-conjugated semicrystalline-<italic>block</italic>-amorphous copolymer can be tuned using the fraction of fullerene added and judicious thermal processing.
Bringing down the cost of SO{sub 2} and NOx removal (2008)

A twist of an old technique, flue gas recirculating, helps prevent slagging in the upper furnace and convective pass, according to pilot testing recently completed by APTECH CST and the South Research Institute. The technology, along with a companion technology for furnace sorbent and urea injection for SO{sub 2} and NOx control, could help owner/operators of smaller, older coal-fired plants meet emissions limits at a reasonable cost. The article reviews the details and results of initial pilot-scale testing. Results met all the company's expectations when testing Powder River Basin and Galatia coals. A full-scale project is planned for operation in 2009. 7 figs.
Data-driven design of bi-selective OSDAs for intergrowth zeolites (2021)

Zeolites are inorganic materials with wide industrial applications due to their topological diversity. Tailoring confinement effects in zeolite pores, for instance by crystallizing intergrown frameworks, can improve their catalytic and transport properties, but controlling zeolite crystallization often relies on heuristics. In this work, we use computational simulations and data mining to design organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) to favor the synthesis of intergrown zeolites. First, we propose design principles to identify OSDAs which are selective towards both end members of the disordered structure. Then, we mine a database of hundreds of thousands of zeolite-OSDA pairs and downselect OSDA candidates to synthesize known intergrowth zeolites such as CHA/AFX, MTT/TON, and BEC/ISV. The computationally designed OSDAs balance phase competition metrics and shape selectivity towards the frameworks, thus bypassing expensive dual-OSDA approaches typically used in the synthesis of intergrowths. Finally, we propose potential OSDAs to obtain hypothesized disordered frameworks such as AEI/SAV. This work may accelerate zeolite discovery through data-driven synthesis optimization and design.
Characterization of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride chemistries using mass spectrometry (2011)

Abstract Representative Polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIBSA) samples have been studied by different MS techniques including Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance MS (ESI‐FTMS) (positive and negative modes), Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance MS (negative mode), and Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time‐of‐Flight (positive and negative modes). Negative ion ESI‐FTMS produces the best results. Differences between “mono‐succan” and “di‐succan” content can readily be observed. The source of the PIBSA (PIBSA‐I and PIBSA‐II processes) can be easily distinguished and the formation of methyl esters and amide derivatives can provide complementary data. The experiments have demonstrated the capabilities of mass spectrometry to detect and characterize such polymers samples. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Substitution électrophile aromatique. IV. Effets stériques dans la réaction d'iodo‐démétallation de dérivés organostanniques aromatiques (1964)

Abstract Aromatic organo‐tin compounds ArSnR 3 have been synthesized with R = n ‐butyl and R = i ‐propyl. Increased bulk of the leaving group results in lower reactivity towards iodine, showing appreciable interactions between the incoming and leaving groups. A peri hydrogen atom induces a secondary steric acceleration, suggesting that the ground state for large R 3 Sn substituents in 1‐naphthyl systems is strained. This agrees with previous reports by E ABORN et coll . [14] relating to the corresponding silicon and germanium compounds.