gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physical Characteristics of Particulate Matter Recovered from Urban Drainage Systems (2022)

Particulate matter (PM) accumulates on urban interfaces, including pavement, as source areas. This PM can be recovered with street sweeping (SS) before transport by stormwater. Without SS recovery, PM is transported/deposited in a series of drainage components from a stormwater inlet/catch basin without a sump (CB), a conveyance system, a best management practice (BMP), and to receiving waters. PM separated in a CB and BMP can be recovered by maintenance. This study quantifies PM recovered from SS, CB, and BMP maintenance across Florida. Moisture content (MC) and particle size distribution (PSD) were measured for all samples. PM dry bulk density (ρb) as a function of MC was only examined for SS. With a cumulative gamma model, shape factor (γ, an index of size heterodispersivity), scale factor (k, an index of size central tendency) and gravimetric size (diameter) indices are generated from PSD data. Study results indicate a statistically significant increase in the MC of PM in BMPs as compared to SS. The median MC values are 34%, 27%, and 6% for BMPs, CB, and SS. The median dry ρb of the heterodisperse PM recovered by SS is 1.36 g/cm3, approximately log-normally distributed and a non-linear function of MC. In this study, SS is less effective in recovering finer PM. Coarse PM is deposited during conveyance/treatment, therefore PSDs recovered from BMPs are relatively monodisperse compared to SS. Results inform the design of maintenance for PM load recovery. Extensibility to nutrient/metal load credits can be based on PM-partitioned data. Such extensibility can target PM recovery and used in a basin management action plan for a total maximum daily load.
Novel Syntheses of Fused-imidazoles III. Simplified Construction of the Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoline System (1986)

y l carboxaldehydes i n t h e presence o f potassium cyanide.
Optimum design of graded-index fiber structure (1979)

It is generally accepted that graded-index fiber will soon be in practical use for medium- to large-capacity trunk lines. However, the procedure for fiber structural design is not fully established. Fiber parameters should be determined considering the synthetic requirement for transmission characteristics, mechanical properties, installation and splice conditions, reliability, and economical factors.
Imaging multiple objects with time-reversed FDTD method at microwave range (2015)

A simulation technique is presented for imaging multiple objects in microwave region. The proposed technique is based on the time-reversed finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD-TR) in three dimensions. Using this technique, not only the locations of objects but also their detailed images can be obtained. The method is capable of imaging hidden objects with transmission as well as reflection imaging modalities in the nearfield and far-field. The proposed technique is computationally efficient due to using a much smaller data set compared to conventional FDTD-TR imaging techniques where the entire time span of the captured data is reversed. The method was validated using experimental results as well as simulations.
Anxiety disorders: a review of current literature (2017)

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. There is a high comorbidity between anxiety (especially generalized anxiety disorders or panic disorders) and depressive disorders or between anxiety disorders, which renders treatment more complex. Current guidelines do not recommend benzodiazepines as first-line treatments due to their potential side effects. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and selective serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are recommended as first-line treatments. Psychotherapy, in association with pharmacotherapy, is associated with better efficacy. Finally, a bio-psycho-social model is hypothesized in anxiety disorders.
Imaging of the Internal Carotid Artery: The Dilemma of Total versus Near Total Occlusion (2001)

Assuming US is the initial imaging examination, when occlusion is diagnosed, MR angiography can depict it. If occlusion is confirmed, no further imaging is necessary. US performed well in helping to differentiate vessels with focal severe stenosis from those with diffuse disease. MR angiography added little in this group. Catheter angiography remains beneficial for vessels with diffuse nonfocal narrowing.
Metabolism of Pyriproxyfen in Rats. 1. Absorption, Disposition, Excretion, and Biotransformation Studies with [phenoxyphenyl-14C]Pyriproxyfen (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetabolism of Pyriproxyfen in Rats. 1. Absorption, Disposition, Excretion, and Biotransformation Studies with [phenoxyphenyl-14C]PyriproxyfenHaruyuki Matsunaga, Hiromi Yoshino, Naohiko Isobe, Hideo Kaneko, Iwao Nakatsuka, and Hirohiko YamadaCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 1, 235–240Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00049a042https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00049a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views194Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Terahertz methods show promise for breast cancer (2006)

New imaging tools based on terahertz technology aim to provide vital information during surgery on the full extent of disease.
Patient-Specific Guides Do Not Improve Accuracy in Total Knee Arthroplasty (2013)

A prospective randomized trial on 128 patients with end-stage osteoarthritis was conducted to assess the accuracy of patient-specific guides. In cohort A (n = 64), patient- specific guides from four different manufacturers (Subgroup A1 Signature ®, A2 Trumatch ®, A3 Visionaire ® and A4 PSI ®) were used to guide the bone cuts. Surgical navigation was used as an intraoperative control for outliers. In cohort B (n = 64), conventional instrumentation was used. All patients of cohorts A and B underwent a postoperative full-leg standing X-ray and CT scan for measuring overall coronal alignment of the limb and three-planar alignment of the femoral and the tibial component. Three-planar alignment was the primary endpoint. Deviation of more than three degrees from the target in any plane, as measured with surgical navigation or radiologic imaging, was defined as an outlier. In 14 patients (22%) of cohort A, the use of the patient-specific guide was abandoned because of outliers in more than one plane. In 18 patients (28%), a correction of the position indicated by the guide, was made in at least one plane. A change in cranial-caudal position was most common. Cohort A and B showed a similar percentage of outliers in long-leg coronal alignment (24.6%, 28.1%, p = 0.69), femoral coronal alignment (6.6%, 14.1%, p = 0.24) and femoral axial alignment (23%, 17.2%, p = 0.50). Cohort A had more outliers in coronal tibial alignment (14.6%) and sagittal tibial alignment (21.3%) than cohort B (3.1%, p = 0.03 and 3.1%, p = 0.002, respectively). These data indicate that patient specific guides do not improve accuracy in total knee arthroplasty.
Unified Performance Profiling of an Entire Virtualized Environment (2014)

Performance analysis and troubleshooting of cloud applications are challenging. In particular, identifying the root causes of performance problems is quite difficult. This is because profiling tools based on processor performance counters do not yet work well for an entire virtualized environment, which is the underlying infrastructure in cloud computing. In this work, we explore an approach for unified performance profiling of an entire virtual environment by sampling only at the virtual machine monitor (VMM) level and applying common-time-based analysis across the entire virtual environment from a VMM to all guests on a host machine. Our approach involves three steps: centralized data sampling at VMM-level, generation of symbol map for running programs in guests, and unified analysis of the entire virtualized environment with common time by the host-time-axis. We also describe the design of unified profiling for an entire virtual machine (VM) environment, and we actually implement a unified VM profiler based on hardware performance counters. Finally, our results demonstrate accurate profiling. In addition, we achieved a lower overhead than in a previous study as a result of having no additional context switches by the virtual interrupt injection into the guest during measurement.
Bidirectional OLED microdisplay: Combining display and image sensor functionality into a monolithic CMOS chip (2011)

This paper presents a bidirectional OLED microdisplay (BiMi) with a mono chrome 320x240 (QVGA) display and a nested image sensor with 160x120 pixels in a commercially available 0.35μm 3.3V/12V CMOS process with customized top metal. The BiMi was designed as a universal prototype for evaluating the necessary display parameters in see-through HMDs and the eye-tracking capabilities in a nested setup with relatively low resolution. Because of the varying ambient light levels in see-through applications the main target was to achieve a wide range of possible display luminances from 100 to 10000Cd/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> instead of high resolution.
Pickup development for short low-charge bunches in x-ray free-electron lasers (2021)

The all-optical synchronization systems used in various x-ray free-electron lasers (XFEL) such as the European XFEL usually include bunch arrival-time monitors (BAM), which observe the transient fields of passing electron bunches through their pickups. The extracted signal is used to modulate the amplitude of a reference laser pulse in a Mach-Zehnder type electro-optical modulator. The laser pulse is typically much shorter than the voltage signal and interacts only with an instantaneous value of the applied signal. With the emerging demand for future experiments with short FEL shots, fs precision is required for the synchronization systems even with 1 pC bunches. Since the sensitivity of the BAM depends in particular on the slope of the bipolar signal at the zero crossing and thus, also on the bunch charge, a redesign with the aim of a significant increase by optimized geometry and bandwidth is inevitable. In this contribution the theoretical foundations of the pickup signal are aggregated and treated with a focus on short bunches as well as a general formulation. The analytical treatment reveals design limitations and suggests several approaches for further development. Based on these considerations a new pickup concept with possible advantages in manufacturing and temporal resolution is simulated and its performance is compared to the previous concept. The design offers good potential and a significant improvement of slope and voltage is found. Nevertheless the target set for 1 pC operation was not fully reached yet and further optimization is necessary. The observed improvement is mainly achieved by the reduced distance to the beam and a higher bandwidth.
Bioengineered extracellular vesicle-loaded bioscaffolds for therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine (2021)

Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based technologies represent a new advancement for disease treatment. EVs can be administered systemically, injected into the injury site directly, or applied locally in conjunction with bioengineered implantable scaffolds. Matrix-bound vesicles (MBVs), a special class of vesicles localized in association with the extracellular matrix (ECM), have been identified as critical bioactive factors and shown to mediate significant regenerative functions of ECM scaffolds. Loading EVs onto bioscaffolds to mimic the MBV-ECM complex has been shown superior to EV bolus injection in recent <i>in vivo</i> studies, such as in providing enhanced tissue regeneration, EV retention rates, and healing efficacy. Different types of natural biomaterials, synthetic polymers, and ceramics have been developed for EV loading, and these EV functionalized biomaterials have been applied in different areas for disease treatment. The EV functionalized scaffolds can be designed to be biodegradable, off-the-shelf biomaterials as a delivery vehicle for EVs. Overall, the bioengineered EV-loaded bioscaffolds represent a promising approach for cell-free treatment in clinical applications.
Targeted Assembly of Short Sequence Reads (2011)

Abstract As next-generation sequence (NGS) production continues to increase, analysis is becoming a significant bottleneck. However, in situations where information is required only for specific sequence variants, it is not necessary to assemble or align whole genome data sets in their entirety. Rather, NGS data sets can be mined for the presence of sequence variants of interest by localized assembly, which is a faster, easier, and more accurate approach. We present TASR, a streamlined assembler that interrogates very large NGS data sets for the presence of specific variants, by only considering reads within the sequence space of input target sequences provided by the user. The NGS data set is searched for reads with an exact match to all possible short words within the target sequence, and these reads are then assembled strin-gently to generate a consensus of the target and flanking sequence. Typically, variants of a particular locus are provided as different target sequences, and the presence of the variant in the data set being interrogated is revealed by a successful assembly outcome. However, TASR can also be used to find unknown sequences that flank a given target. We demonstrate that TASR has utility in finding or confirming ge-nomic mutations, polymorphism, fusion and integration events. Targeted assembly is a powerful method for interrogating large data sets for the presence of sequence variants of interest. TASR is a fast, flexible and easy to use tool for targeted assembly.
Comparative cytotoxic and cytokinetic effects of the epipodophyllotoxins 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin-9-(4,6-O-2-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) and 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin-9-(4,6-O-2-thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) and their metabolites on human leukemic lymphoblasts. (1983)

We compared the effects of the epipodophyllotoxins 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin-9-(4,6-O-2-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (VP-16-213) and 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin-9-(4,6-O-2-thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (VM-26) and several of their derivatives on cell cycle progression and viability of human leukemic lymphoblasts (CCRF-CEM). The cis-(picro)-lactone derivatives, like both VP-16-213 and VM-26, produced G2-phase arrest and cytotoxicity, but only at concentrations 100 times greater than required with the parent compounds. The epiaglycone derivative showed potent cytotoxicity: at 100 to 250 nM, it reduced cloning efficiency by 50%, an effect requiring 25 to 40 nM VM-26 and 340 to 425 nM VP-16-213. In contrast to VM-26 and VP-16-213, the epiaglycone arrested cells in M, consistent with evidence that it, like podophyllotoxin, is an inhibitor of microtubule assembly. At concentrations resulting in 50% cell kill and an increase of cells in M, however, the epiaglycone produced little change in the proportion of cells in G1 or early S phase, while podophyllotoxin produced a shift of cells to mid- and late S. The hydroxy acid derivatives, although found in detectable quantities in patients' urine and serum, were inactive in vitro. Structural differences among the compounds account for their different biochemical and cell kinetic effects and, hence, different cytotoxic activities. Because the epiaglycone is a potent compound and combines activities of both the podophyllotoxins and 4'-demethyl derivatives, further studies of its cytotoxicity are indicated.
Both Gimap5 and the diabetogenic BBDP allele of Gimap5 induce apoptosis in T cells (2007)

Gimap5, a member of the GTPase of the immunity-associated protein family (Gimap), regulates T cell survival. A strong indication of this is found in the diabetes-prone BioBreeding rat (BBDP), where a frameshift mutation in Gimap5 results in T-cell lymphopenia. We have investigated the function of human Gimap5 in T cells. We found that reduction of Gimap5 by RNA interference in Jurkat cells did not affect the number of apoptotic cells whereas transient over-expression of Gimap5 resulted in a major increase in the number of apoptotic cells. The same effect of over-expression was found in naive human T cells purified from blood but not in activated human T cells. This suggests that the apoptosis-inducing effect of Gimap5 over-expression is dependent on the activation status of the cells. Since the apoptosis-inducing effect of Gimap5 was contrary to the expected function of Gimap5 based on the phenotype of BBDP rats, we over-expressed rat wt Gimap5 and Gimap5 with the mutation found in BBDP (Gimap5-lyp). Both versions of rat Gimap5 induced apoptosis when expressed in the rat T-cell line C58(NT)D.1.G.OVAR.1, however, Gimap5-lyp greatly exacerbated cell death. Finally, we detected the subcellular localization of Gimap5 to be at the endoplasmic reticulum and by quantitative PCR, we found that endogenous Gimap5 mRNA is up-regulated in activated T cells.
Superposition of decaying flux distributions: A memory effect from flux creep (1990)

A model is presented that considers the magnetic relaxation from thermally activated flux creep in a superconductor, after the application of two consecutive field steps separated by a waiting time ${\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{w}}$. The time evolution of the resulting superposition of flux distributions is expected to show a characteristic inflection point at a time ${\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{i}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$. The behavior is reminiscent of, but fundamentally different from, the memory effect of the superconducting-glass model. Measurements on ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8+\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ single crystals show the predicted temperature and field dependence of ${\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{i}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$.
Grain Refinement and Texture Evolution during Equal Channel Angular Extrusion of Pure Cu and Cu-Zn Alloys (2010)

Equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) experiments were conducted on as-cast pure Cu, Cu–10%Zn, and Cu–30%Zn, using a 90 die for up to 4 passes. The stacking fault energies (SFEs) of the three materials decrease with increasing Zn content. The microstructures and textures of the processed billets were analyzed using optical microscope and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The results show that the structures of the three materials were all significantly refined after ECAE and a lower SFE led to a finer microstructure with a higher density of shear bands. The textures were considerably weakened after 4 passes, more apparent in the material with a lower SFE. It is concluded that the SFE has significant influences on both the grain refinement and texture evolution during ECAE deformation.
MACA-U: A Media Access Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Networks (2008)

Unlike terrestrial wireless communication which uses radio waves, underwater communication relies on acoustic waves. The long latency and limited bandwidth pose great challenges in underwater Media Access Control (MAC) protocol design. As a result, terrestrial MAC protocols perform inefficiently when deployed directly in an underwater environment. In this paper, we examine how an existing asynchronous handshaking based protocol called Multiple Access Collision Avoidance (MACA) can be adapted for use in multi-hop underwater networks. Three areas of improvement are investigated, namely, the state transition rules, the packet forwarding strategy, and the backoff algorithm. Throughput performance is also evaluated through extensive simulation in multi-hop underwater networks. Due to its simplicity and throughput stability, our proposed MAC protocol can be adopted as a reference MAC protocol for underwater networks, with which a more sophisticated underwater MAC may benchmark its performance.
Excitation by Electron Impact: Energies, Spectra, Emission Yields, Cross-sections, and H(1s) Kinetic Energy Distributions (2017)

Abstract The state of the hydrogen molecule has the second largest triplet-state excitation cross-section, and plays an important role in the heating of the upper thermospheres of outer planets by electron excitation. Precise energies of the H 2 , D 2 , and HD ( ) levels are calculated from highly accurate ab initio potential energy curves that include relativistic, radiative, and empirical non-adiabatic corrections. The emission yields are determined from predissociation rates and refined radiative transition probabilities. The excitation function and excitation cross-section of the state are extracted from previous theoretical calculations and experimental measurements. The emission cross-section is determined from the calculated emission yield and the extracted excitation cross-section. The kinetic energy ( E k ) distributions of H atoms produced via the predissociation of the state, the – dissociative emission by the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole, and the – – cascade dissociative emission by the electric dipole are obtained. The predissociation of the and states both produce H(1 s ) atoms with an average E k of ∼4.1 eV/atom, while the – dissociative emissions by the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole give an average E k of ∼1.0 and ∼0.8 eV/atom, respectively. The – – cascade and dissociative emission gives an average E k of ∼1.3 eV/atom. On average, each H 2 excited to the state in an H 2 -dominated atmosphere deposits ∼7.1 eV into the atmosphere while each H 2 directly excited to the and states contribute ∼2.3 and ∼3.3 eV, respectively, to the atmosphere. The spectral distribution of the calculated continuum emission arising from the – excitation is significantly different from that of direct or excitations.
Trends in Human Leptospirosis in Denmark, 1980 to 2012 (2015)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis (2013)

Die Waffen- und Fahrzeugfabrik »Simson« im thüringischen Suhl überdauerte fünf politische Systemwechsel. Vom Kaiserreich bis nach dem Fall der Berliner Mauer 1989 entwickelte sich das Unternehmen mit jedem politischen Umbruch organisatorisch und technisch fort. In seinem betrieblichen Kern blieb es aber zugleich unverändert. Achtzig Jahre lang lagen die Geschicke der »Simsonwerke« in den Händen der jüdischen Kaufmannsfamilie Simson. 1935 wurde die Familie entschädigungslos enteignet und die Firma unter die Führung der NSDAP gestellt. Die sowjetischen Besatzer bauten das Werk zum Motorradhersteller um. In der DDR wurde dort rund dreißig Jahre lang das bis heute berühmte Moped »Schwalbe« produziert. Die Transformation in die soziale Marktwirtschaft nach 1989 unter der Verantwortung der Treuhand-Manager überlebte die Firma »Simson« nicht. Dabei sind die Gründe für den endgültigen Niedergang nicht weniger aufschlussreich als diejenigen für das Überleben.