gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neutral Nickel Catalysts for Olefin Homo- and Copolymerization: Relationships between Catalyst Structures and Catalytic Properties (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEReviewNEXTNeutral Nickel Catalysts for Olefin Homo- and Copolymerization: Relationships between Catalyst Structures and Catalytic PropertiesHongliang Mu†, Li Pan*‡, Dongpo Song§, and Yuesheng Li*†‡View Author Information† State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China‡ School of Material Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China§ Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States*Tel.: +86-22-27403233. E-mail: [email protected]*Tel.: +86-22-27404377. Fax: 0086-22-27404377. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 22, 12091–12137Publication Date (Web):November 3, 2015Publication History Received11 July 2014Published online3 November 2015Published inissue 25 November 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr500370fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr500370freview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7587Altmetric-Citations329LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Ethylene polymerization,Hydrocarbons,Ligands,Nickel Get e-Alerts
<title>Detecting interfaces on ultrasound images of the carotid artery by dynamic programming</title> (1996)

A dynamic programming edge following procedure is applied to ultrasound images of the carotid artery. The objective is to automatically determine the 'far wall' interfaces of the common carotid artery. The far wall interfaces are then used to estimate the far wall thickness, which is an important metric for disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation. A current system uses human readers to determine the carotid artery interfaces using digitized images on a computer display. This process is time consuming and difficult to control, since readers tend to vary over time in the way in which they identify interfaces. In addition, different readers tend to identify interfaces in slightly different ways. The edge following procedure is designed to apply a consistent and objective criteria to all images in order to reduce the variability in far wall thickness estimates. The edge following procedure works by joining local peaks in the image gradient. The gradient is estimated by a Sobel operator, and dynamic programming is used to join the peaks into a smooth edge. The dynamic programming is necessary to combat the effects of noise and speckle in the ultrasound images. The paper describes the dynamic programming cost function formulation and discuses the algorithm performance.
Crack-Free Silicon-Nitride-on-Insulator Nonlinear Circuits for Continuum Generation in the ${C}$ -Band (2018)

We report on the fabrication and testing of silicon-nitride-on-insulator nonlinear photonic circuits for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible monolithic co-integration with silicon-based optoelectronics. In particular, a process has been developed to fabricate low-loss crack-free Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> 730-nm-thick films for Kerr-based nonlinear functions featuring full process compatibility with existing silicon photonics and front-end Si optoelectronics. Experimental evidence shows that 2.1-cm-long nanowires based on such crack-free silicon nitride films are capable of generating a frequency continuum spanning 1515-1575 nm via self-phase modulation. This work paves the way to time-stable power-efficient Kerr-based broadband sources featuring full process compatibility with Si photonic integrated circuits on CMOS lines.
Why blind source separation for blind equalization of multiple channels? (2003)

The paper addresses a blind source separation (BSS)-based method for blind equalization (BE) of single-input-multiple-output (SIMO) channels. We show here that a BSS-based BE method has some advantages over other methods. These include: (1) robustness in channel length mismatch; (2) reduction of noise effect (with a selected equalizer delay); (3) robustness for ill-conditioned channels. We illustrate that a minimum norm selection scheme achieves these advantages in the framework of BSS-based BE. Numerical experiments confirm the high performance of our proposed method.
Multimedia Instruction Sets for General Purpose Microprocessors: a (2000)

The last decade has seen the integration of audio, video, and 3D graphics into traditional workloads as well as the emergence of new workloads dominated by the processing of data representing such information. Initially, these emerging workloads were supported by dedicated, application specific integrated circuits and digital signal processors. In order to avoid the added cost and complexity of these dedicated hardware solutions, microprocessor vendors have extended their architectures with instructions targeting multimedia applications. Despite general agreement on the direction of evolving workloads, there is little agreement on the nature of the architectural changes that should be made to support them. The focus of this work is to survey existing multimedia instruction sets and examine how their functionality maps to a set of computationally important kernels extracted from the previously developed Berkeley multimedia workload.
Is There Additional Value to Flexion-Extension Radiographs for Degenerative Spondylolisthesis? (2020)

Flexion-extension radiographs may play a limited role in management of degenerative spondylolisthesis. The subset of patients for which flexion-extension views were most likely to provide value were patients with smaller slips (<7 mm) with no evidence of motion on standing radiographs versus MRI. In 90% of spondylolisthesis cases, information used for surgical planning may be ascertained by comparing motion between supine MRI and upright lateral radiographs.Level of Evidence: 3.
Cost and Benefit of Seed Treatments and Temik 15G in Furrow for Seedling Disease and Nematode Control in Virginia, 2008 (2009)

Provides details on the 2008 cotton growing season in Virginia. Additionally, provides analysis on the cost and benefits of seedling disease and nematode control through a variety of methods.
Role of Platinum Deposits on Titanium(IV) Oxide Particles:  Structural and Kinetic Analyses of Photocatalytic Reaction in Aqueous Alcohol and Amino Acid Solutions (1997)

Photocatalytic reaction at 298 K by platinum-loaded titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2−Pt) particles suspended in deaerated aqueous solutions of 2-propanol or (S)-lysine (Lys) was investigated. The TiO2 catalysts with various amounts of Pt loadings were prepared by impregnation from aqueous chloroplatinic acid solution onto a commercial TiO2 (Degussa P-25) followed by hydrogen reduction at 753 K. The physical properties of deposited Pt, e.g., particle size, surface area, and electronic state, were studied respectively by transmission electron microscopy, volumetric gas adsorption measurement, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed carbon monoxide. The increase in Pt amount mainly resulted in an increase of the number of Pt deposits, not of their size. The catalysts were suspended in the aqueous solutions and photoirradiated at a wavelength >300 nm under an argon (Ar) atmosphere. The overall rate of photocatalytic reactions for both 2-propanol and Lys, corresponding to the rate of consumption of these substrates, was negligible without Pt loading, increased drastically with the loading up to ca. 0.3%, and was almost constant or a little decreased by the further loadings. However, the rate of formation of pipecolinic acid (PCA) from Lys was improved gradually with a increase of Pt loading up to ca. 2 wt %. These dependences were discussed as a function of Pt surface area, which is employed as a measure that includes the properties of both number and size of Pt deposits. For the photocatalytic dehydrogenation of 2-propanol, the rate dependence could be interpreted semiquantitatively with the model that only the TiO2 particles loaded with at least one Pt deposit can photocatalyze, but the reaction rate is independent of the number of Pt deposits. Therefore, the overall rate is proportional to the number of Pt-loaded TiO2 particles. On the other hand, for the interpretation of the rate of PCA and H2 productions, the number of Pt deposits on each TiO2 particle had to be taken into account. The efficient production of PCA at higher Pt loadings was attributed to the reduction of a Schiff base intermediate produced via oxidation of Lys with positive holes and subsequent intramolecular condensation at the Pt deposit that is close to the site for the oxidation. Otherwise, photoexcited electrons are consumed for H2 production and the intermediate remains unreduced or undergoes further oxidation. It was suggested that the intermediate produced at the TiO2 surface sites within a distance of several nanometers from the Pt deposit undergoes efficient reduction to PCA. Thus, the importance of the distribution of Pt deposits for the preparation of highly active and selective TiO2−Pt photocatalyst has been clearly demonstrated.
Supramolecular fibrous hydrogel augmentation of uterosacral ligament suspension for treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (2023)

Abstract Uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS) is a common surgical treatment for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). However, the relatively high failure rate of up to 40% underscores a strong clinical need for complementary treatment strategies, such as biomaterial augmentation. Herein, we describe the first hydrogel biomaterial augmentation of USLS in a recently established rat model using an injectable fibrous hydrogel composite. Supramolecularly-assembled hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel nanofibers encapsulated in a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-degradable HA hydrogel create an injectable scaffold showing excellent biocompatibility and hemocompatibility. The hydrogel can be successfully delivered and localized to the suture sites of the USLS procedure, where it gradually degrades over 6 weeks. In situ mechanical testing 24 weeks post-operative in the multiparous USLS rat model shows the ultimate load (load at failure) to be 1.70 ± 0.36 N for the intact uterosacral ligament (USL), 0.89 ± 0.28 N for the USLS repair, and 1.37 ± 0.31 N for the USLS + hydrogel (USLS+H) repair ( n = 8). These results indicate that the hydrogel composite significantly improves load required for tissue failure compared to the standard USLS, even after the hydrogel degrades, and that this hydrogel-based approach could potentially reduce the high failure rate associated with USLS procedures.
Correlation of structural parameters with antituberculotic activity in a group of 2-benzamidobenzothiazoles (1991)

Fourteen 2-benzamidobenzothiazole derivatives substituted in the benzoyl group and 2-cinnamamidobenzothiazole have been synthesized. The prediction of active structures by the method by Topliss gives incorrect results but, as shown on the basis of the Hansch QSAR analysis, the 2-(4-dimethylaminobenzamido)benzothiazole synthesized on the basis of the QSAR procedure by Topliss behaves anomalously also in the procedure by Hansch. Regression equations of the Hansch type have been found in which the antituberculotic activity is interpreted by lipophilicity and electronic effects of substituents. When tested in vitro, the most active compounds are comparable with ethionamide.
Catalytic properties of metal phosphides. Qualitative assay of catalytic properties. I. (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic properties of metal phosphides. Qualitative assay of catalytic properties. I.E. L. Muetterties and J. C. SauerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 11, 3410–3415Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00818a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00818a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views850Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multivariate hazard identification and ranking system (1998)

Abstract Risk analysis in chemical process industries is an elaborate exercise involving several steps from preliminary hazard identification to development of credible accident scenarios, to preparation of strategies for prevention or control of damage. All this requires substantial inputs of time and money. In order to get an approximate yet workable assessment of risk at much lesser costs, indices have been developed which link typical findings of elaborate risk analysis to scales of risk. The scales, in turn, provide workable measures of hazards/risks/safety. In the past, indices have been reported for swift risk assessment—the noteworthy among them include Dow fire and explosion index, Mond fire, explosion and toxicity index, IFAL index, and mortality index. A few rapid ranking techniques have also been proposed. This paper presents a new system of methodologies for Hazard Identification and Ranking (HIRA). The system consists of two indices: one for fire and explosion hazards and another for the hazard due to likely release of toxic chemical. The magnitudes of these indices indicate the severity of the likely accident; in terms of the size of the impacted area. HIRA has been applied to a typical chemical process industry—a sulfolane plant—and its performance has been compared with that of the Dow's and the Mond's indices. The study reveals that HIRA is more sensitive and accurate than the other indices.
Tongue Tumor Detection in Medical Hyperspectral Images (2011)

A hyperspectral imaging system to measure and analyze the reflectance spectra of the human tongue with high spatial resolution is proposed for tongue tumor detection. To achieve fast and accurate performance for detecting tongue tumors, reflectance data were collected using spectral acousto-optic tunable filters and a spectral adapter, and sparse representation was used for the data analysis algorithm. Based on the tumor image database, a recognition rate of 96.5% was achieved. The experimental results show that hyperspectral imaging for tongue tumor diagnosis, together with the spectroscopic classification method provide a new approach for the noninvasive computer-aided diagnosis of tongue tumors.
Maternal folate supply and sex influence gene‐specific DNA methylation in the fetal gut (2011)

This is the first study reporting causal effects of maternal folate depletion on gene-specific methylation in fetal gut. These observations support reports that altered methyl donor intake during development affects DNA methylation in the offspring. The consequences of epigenetic changes for health throughout the life course remain to be investigated.
Nano-patterned Medium Fabricated by the Artificially Aligned Self-Assembling Method (2004)

A new method for fabricating a patterned magnetic recording medium is presented. This method uses the self-assembling phenomenon of the diblock copolymer. A tetragonal array of ordered polymer dots is aligned by a circumferential groove pattern on a disk substrate. The groove pattern is transferred from a Ni master plate by a nanoimprinting process. CoCrPt patterned media with a dot pattern were fabricated using this method (artificially aligned self-assembling (AASA) method). The dot size was about 40 nm in diameter. Magnetic estimations showed the single-domain CoCrPt dots with good magnetic isolation. The patterned medium showed a perpendicular magnetic orientation induced by the crystalline anisotropy. TEM observation revealed little physical damage in CoCrPt dots though an ion milling process was employed for etching the magnetic layer. Degradation in the magnetic anisotropy energy was also found to be slight by the estimation with a micromagnetic simulation. A master plate with the AASA pattern has been developed. This removes the annealing process from the fabrication process and improves the throughput. Pattern transfer of the AASA master into the photopolymer layer was successful.
CO2 Laser Fascia to Dura Soldering for Pig Dural Defect Reconstruction (2007)

Temperature-controlled laser soldering is an effective technique for dural repair. It creates a strong tissue bonding with no thermal damage to the tissue. The burst pressure of the reconstructed dura done with laser soldering is significantly higher than that of fibrin glue.
Identification of QTLs that modify peripheral neuropathy in NOD.H2b-Pdcd1-/- mice (2009)

The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse strain is prone to developing various autoimmune syndromes including type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM), sialadenitis, thyroiditis and pancreatitis. Although the genetic basis of T1DM has been extensively analyzed, genetic factors that modify the other autoimmune phenotypes are largely unknown. We have recently reported that NOD mice with anti-diabetogenic MHC haplotype (H-2(b)) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) deficiency (NOD.H2(b)-Pdcd1(-/-) mice) are protected from T1DM but develop various tissue-specific autoimmune diseases including peripheral neuropathy due to autoimmune neuritis, sialadenitis and gastritis. In the present study, we generated [(C57BL/6 x NOD.H2(b))(F1) x NOD-H2(b)](BC1)-Pdcd1(-/-) mice to screen non-MHC quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that modify autoimmune phenotypes other than T1DM. We identified seven QTLs for peripheral neuropathy and neuritis, one QTL for insulitis, four QTLs for gastritis, two QTLs for sialadenitis and seven QTLs for vasculitis throughout the genome and designated them as Annp loci for autoimmunity due to polymorphisms of non-MHC genes in NOD mice and PD-1 deficiency. Annp1, 5, 6 and 7 overlapped with reported loci for T1DM (Idd3, 9, 15 and 2, respectively), suggesting that these loci modify not only T1DM but also other autoimmune phenotypes. NOD allele was promotive at 9 of 14 Annp loci, while NOD allele was protective at the other loci. Half of Annp loci associated with a single phenotype, while the other seven loci associated with more than two phenotypes. These results indicate that NOD genetic background harbors various QTLs that modify autoimmune phenotypes either by organ-specific or by organ-non-specific manner.
Thermal resistance in dependence of diode laser packages (2008)

High power diode laser bars require packages with a high cooling efficiency and long-term stability. Due to the increasing output power of the diode laser bars the thermal resistance of the packaging becomes even more important. It is the key information about the cooling efficiency of a package and in particular of the heat sink. Besides the heat sink the thermal resistance depends also on the solder interface, packaging process, and bar structure such as fill factor and resonator length. This work presents a thermal comparison of different packaging types and laser bar designs. Different package types are experimentally measured and analyzed by numerical calculations to obtain information about the influence of the different parameters: Conductively cooled and water cooled copper heat sinks as well as a new type of expansion matched micro-channel heat sink made out of Cu-AlN sandwich are investigated. In addition to the different packages, laser bars with different resonator lengths are mounted and analyzed regarding their thermal behavior; the dependency of the thermal resistance on the resonator length is a particular interest of the investigation. In parallel to the experiments thermal simulations of the same packages and laser bar geometries are performed. The boundary conditions chosen in the simulations are comparable to the experimental values and the same parameters are varied. The relations between theoretical and experimental results are presented. The analysis shows the influencing factors, so that the optimum package can be chosen for a specific application.
Whither China: Strategic Competitor, Global Trader, or Antiterrorist Partner? (2002)

Roderick MacFarquhar, Jerome Cohen, Jonathan Spence, Tu Weiming, Whither China: Strategic Competitor, Global Trader, or Antiterrorist Partner?, Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Vol. 55, No. 3 (Spring, 2002), pp. 69-90
Vertical Drive Micro Actuator Using SMA Thin Film For A Smart Button (2006)

This paper presents the performance of a shape memory alloy (SMA) thin film micro-actuator for a small tactile display to reproduce an object texture to a fingertip. Maximum displacement of 30 μm under 4.2 mN load with an actuator length of 1 mm, which fulfills the minimum requirements for reproducing a texture to a fingertip, is realized by the newly proposed SMA thin film actuator structure.
The Size, Location, and Clinical Severity of Corneal Infiltrative Events Associated With Contact Lens Wear (2005)

These data statistically validate the previously held anecdotal notion that CIEs which occur in the peripheral cornea are less clinically severe than those which occur in the central cornea. Consideration of the distribution of CIEs may facilitate a better understanding of the etiology of these events and can serve to alert practitioners as to their likely clinical presentation.