gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamics and Performance of Tailless Micro Aerial Vehicle with Flexible Articulated Wings (2012)

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss the performance and stability of a tailless micro aerial vehicle&#13;\nwith flexible articulated wings. The dihedral angles can be varied symmetrically on both wings to control the aircraft&#13;\nspeed independently of the angle of attack and flight-path angle, while an asymmetric dihedral setting can be used to&#13;\ncontrol yaw in the absence of a vertical tail.Anonlinear aero-elastic model is derived, and it is used to study the steady-state performance and flight stability of the micro aerial vehicle. The concept of the effective dihedral is introduced, which allows for a unified treatment of rigid and flexible wing aircraft. It also identifies the amount of elasticity that is necessary to obtain tangible performance benefits over a rigid wing. The feasibility of using axial tension to stiffen the wing is discussed, and, at least in the context of a linear model, it is shown that adding axial tension is effective but undesirable. The turning performance of an micro aerial vehicle with flexible wings is compared to an otherwise identical micro aerial vehicle with rigid wings. The wing dihedral alone can be varied asymmetrically to perform rapid turns and regulate sideslip. The maximum attainable turn rate for a given elevator setting, however, does not increase unless antisymmetric wing twisting is employed.
ChemInform Abstract: Meerwein‐Ponndorf‐Verley‐Type Reduction of Dicarbonyl Compounds to Hydroxy Carbonyl Compounds and α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds to Allylic Alcohols Catalyzed by Zirconocene and Hafnocene Complexes. (1989)

Abstract Several dicarbonyl compounds, e.g. the α‐keto aldehydes (I), the dialdehydes (III), and the diones (V), are treated with 2‐propanol and catalytic amounts of zirconocene or hafnocene dihydride, performing a Meerwein‐Ponndorf‐Verley‐type reduction to give selectively oxo alcohols such as (II), (IV), or (VI).
Enantioselective Synthesis of DialkylatedN-Heterocycles by Palladium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation (2015)

The enantioselective synthesis of α-disubstituted N-heterocyclic carbonyl compounds has been accomplished using palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation. These catalytic conditions enable access to various heterocycles, such as morpholinone, thiomorpholinone, oxazolidin-4-one, 1,2-oxazepan-3-one, 1,3-oxazinan-4-one, and structurally related lactams, all bearing fully substituted α-positions. Broad functional group tolerance was explored at the α-position in the morpholinone series. We demonstrate the utility of this method by performing various transformations on our useful products to readily access a number of enantioenriched compounds.
Design and Implementation of a Query Planner for Data Integration (2009)

Many applications require integrated access to multiple distributed, autonomous, and often semantically disparate data. Hence there is a need for bridging the semantic gap between the user and the data sources and for answering user queries based on the contents of multiple data sources. This paper describes a query planner that solves these two problems.
Safety and efficacy of sFilm-FS, a novel biodegradable fibrin sealant, in Göttingen minipigs (2021)

Bleeding during surgical procedures is a common complication. Therefore, hemostatic agents have been developed to control bleeding, and fibrin sealants have several benefits. sFilm-FS is a novel fibrin sealant that comprises a biodegradable co-polymeric film embedded with human fibrinogen and thrombin. Herein, the safety and efficacy of sFilm-FS were compared using a liver and spleen puncture model of Göttingen minipigs with those of the standard hemostatic techniques (control animals) and EVARREST<sup>®</sup>, a reference fibrin sealant. Hemostasis and reduced blood loss were more effectively achieved with sFilm-FS than with the standard techniques in the control animals and comparable to those achieved with EVARREST<sup>®</sup>. No treatment-related adverse effects were observed in any of the groups. Histopathological evaluation indicated that sFilm-FS was slightly and moderately reactive at the liver puncture site and spleen, respectively, compared with the standard techniques in the control animals. These changes are expected degradation reactions of the co-polymeric film and are not considered as adverse events. No treatment-related abnormalities were noted in the other evaluated organs. Additionally, no evidence of local or systemic thromboses was noted. These results support the use of sFilm-FS for hemostasis in humans.
Biomechanics of the meniscus‐meniscal ligament construct of the knee (2008)

The menisci of the knee act primarily to redistribute contact force across the tibio-femoral articulation. This meniscal function is achieved through a combination of the material, geometry and attachments of the menisci. The main ligaments that attach the menisci to the tibia (insertional ligaments, deep medial collateral ligament), the femur (meniscofemoral ligaments, deep medial collateral ligament) and each other (the anterior intermeniscal ligament) are the means by which the contact force between tibia and femur is distributed into hoop stresses in the menisci to reduce contact pressure at the joint. This means that the functional biomechanics of the menisci cannot be considered in isolation and should be considered as the functional biomechanics of the meniscus-meniscal ligament construct. This article presents the current knowledge on the anatomy and functional biomechanics of the meniscus and its associated ligaments. Much is known about the function of the meniscus-meniscal ligament construct; however, there still remain significant gaps in the literature in terms of the properties of the anterior intermeniscal ligament and its function, the properties of the insertional ligaments, and the most appropriate ways to reconstruct meniscal function surgically.
An uncertainty-aware query selection model for evaluation of IR systems (2012)

We propose a mathematical framework for query selection as a mechanism for reducing the cost of constructing information retrieval test collections. In particular, our mathematical formulation explicitly models the uncertainty in the retrieval effectiveness metrics that is introduced by the absence of relevance judgments. Since the optimization problem is computationally intractable, we devise an adaptive query selection algorithm, referred to as Adaptive, that provides an approximate solution. Adaptive selects queries iteratively and assumes that no relevance judgments are available for the query under consideration. Once a query is selected, the associated relevance assessments are acquired and then used to aid the selection of subsequent queries. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm on two TREC test collections as well as a test collection of an online search engine with 1000 queries. Our experimental results show that the queries chosen by Adaptive produce reliable performance ranking of systems. The ranking is better correlated with the actual systems ranking than the rankings produced by queries that were selected using the considered baseline methods.
DNA methylation signatures analysis with Illumina Infinitum MethylationEPIC and Infinium Human Methylation 450K BeadChip (2017)

This protocol provides detailed instructions on Quality Control, EWAS, and CpG island signature discovery with Illumina In nitum MethylationEPIC and In nium Human Methylation 450K BeadChip data. R package min and caret was used in this analysis.
Small-scale chamber test for internal blast performance (2014)

The viability of using gram-scale amounts of explosives in a small test chamber to assess internal blast performance and predict effects at larger scales is investigated. Peak quasi-static pressures from five explosive formulations were measured, and energy released per gram was calculated. The smaller test used 12-g charges loaded in a steel holder, while data selected from the larger test was from bare charges between 2.7 and 21 kg. The energies for a given explosive were comparable for each size charge tested in the larger chamber. In the smaller chamber the energies were less, most likely due to heat losses to the holder. Explosives with the highest concentration of explosive ingredients incurred the highest energy losses in the small chamber. The current design of the smaller test provides a reasonable ranking of explosives with similar concentrations of explosive ingredients, thereby validating the use of the test for the newer explosives being assessed. However, it may be possible to obtain consistent rankings for all explosives given a change to the holder design in the smaller test.
Risk and Volatility: Econometric Models and Financial Practice (2004)

The advantage of knowing about risks is that we can change our behavior to avoid them. Of course, it is easily observed that to avoid all risks would be impossible; it might entail no flying, no driving, no walking, eating and drinking only healthy foods and never being touched by sunshine. Even a bath could be dangerous. I could not receive this prize if I sought to avoid all risks. There are some risks we choose to take because the benefits from taking them exceed the possible costs. Optimal behavior takes risks that are worthwhile. This is the central paradigm of finance; we must take risks to achieve rewards but not all risks are equally rewarded. Both the risks and the rewards are in the future, so it is the expectation of loss that is balanced against the expectation of reward. Thus we optimize our behavior, and in particular our portfolio, to maximize rewards and minimize risks.
Formation and [4 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of 2,3‐dimethylene‐2,3‐dihydrothiophene (1993)

Abstract 2,3‐Dimethylene‐2,3‐dihydrothiophene (1), the thiophene analog of o‐xylylene (o‐quinodimethane), was generated in situ from the (trialkylammoniomethyl)‐(trimethylsilylmethyl)thiophene iodides 4 or 5 by fluoride‐induced 1,4 climination, and was trapped by [4 + 2] cycloadditions with a series of dienophiles. The reaction of 1 with dimethyl fumarate was considerably faster than with dimethyl maleate. Unsymmetrical dienophiles gave mixtures of regio‐isomers. In the absence of dienophiles, 1 formed [4 + 2] spiro dimers, of which 15a is the major component, as determined by 1 H‐NMR comparison with a tetradeutero analog of 15a . The syntheses of the new precursors of 1 and dideutero‐ 1 : compounds 4, 5a,b , as well as the 3.4‐isomer of 4 , are described.
Material and Machine Computation of Designed Granular Matter: Rigid-Body Dynamics Simulations as a Design Tool for Robotically-Poured Aggregate Structures Consisting of Polygonal Concave Particles (2012)

Loose granulates are a relevant yet rarely deployed architectural material system. Their significance lies in their capacity to combine fluid-like amorphousness with solid-like rigidity, resulting in potential architectural structures capable of continuous reconfi guration. In addition aggregates allow for functional grading. Especially if custom designed concave particles are used, full-scale architectural structures can be poured using a six-axis industrial robot, combining the precise travel of the emitter-head with the self-organizational capacity of granular substances. In this context, the paper proposes Rigid-Body Dynamics (RBD) simulations as a design-tool for the robotic pouring of loose granular structures. The notions of material and machine computation are introduced and RBD is explained in greater detail. A set of small tests is conducted to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of a specifi c RBD software. Conclusively, further areas of research are outlined.
Investigation of power distribution on an axial fan (2016)

Forced convection cooling systems utilize fans which can be axial or radial, small or large in many different configurations. Efficiency of a fan depends on its electrical and mechanical designs as well as the environmental conditions that the fan is exposed to. Typically, the overall efficiency of an axial fan varies between 15 to 40 percent. Power losses may be due to electrical, aerodynamic or mechanical design components. Losses occurring in an axial fan motor have become a critical issue in which high inertial effects, low power, low cost and high efficiency are desired. In order to design an efficient motor, it is important to accurately predict the power losses which are normally dissipated in the form of heat. The present study starts with an investigation of the power losses of an axial fan experimentally and computationally. Moreover, it deals with modeling of mechanical, electrical, thermal and electromagnetic losses which focus especially on an outer rotor brushless DC motor. Reduction of these losses leads to a decrease in the motor temperature and, therefore, has a positive effect on the fan reliability. Expressions for calculating the inverter losses, motor losses and mechanical losses are derived. The power losses obtained are then used as heat sources when evaluating the thermal performance of the motor. By using a two-dimensional model, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed to determine the iron losses across the motor. These results are utilized to determine evaluate the overall efficiency of the system.
Targeting Oncogenic Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing Phosphatase 2 (SHP2) by Inhibiting its Protein-Protein Interactions (2020)

Abstract We developed a new class of inhibitors of protein-protein interactions of the SHP2 phosphatase, which is pivotal in multiple signaling pathways and a central target in the therapy of cancer and rare diseases. Currently available SHP2 inhibitors target the catalytic site or an allosteric pocket but lack specificity or are ineffective on disease-associated SHP2 mutants. Based on the consideration that pathogenic lesions cause signaling hyperactivation due to increased SHP2 association with cognate proteins, we developed peptide-based molecules with low nM affinity for the N-terminal Src homology domain of SHP2, good selectivity, stability to degradation and an affinity for pathogenic variants of SHP2 up to 20 times higher than for the wild-type protein. The best peptide reverted the effects of a pathogenic variant (D61G) in zebrafish embryos. Our results provide a novel route for SHP2-targeted therapies and a tool to investigate the role of protein-protein interactions in the function of SHP2.
Photochemical electron-transfer and triplet reactions of 1,2-diphenylcyclopropene-3-carboxylate (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical electron-transfer and triplet reactions of 1,2-diphenylcyclopropene-3-carboxylateKatherine A. Brown-Wensley, Susan L. Mattes, and Samir FaridCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 13, 4162–4172Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00481a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00481a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Fast Geometric Transformations on Quantum Images (2010)

Circuits to achieve geometric trans- formations including two-point swapping, flip, co- ordinate swapping, orthogonal rotations and their variants on N -sized quantum images are proposed based on the basic quantum gates; NOT, CNOT and Toffoli gates. The complexity of the circuits is O(log 2 N) for two-point swapping and O(logN) for flip, co-ordinate swapping and orthogonal rotations. The results indicate that local operations like two- point swapping are slower than global operations like flip, co-ordinate swapping, and orthogonal rotations in quantum image processing. This is in contrast to performing such operations in classical image process- ing where the local operations are faster. All the proposed transformations are confirmed by simula- tion on a classical computer. With their low com- plexity, these geometric transformations can be used as the major components to build circuits for other applications on quantum images.
Opposite-channel-based injection of hot-carriers in SOI MOSFET's: physics and applications (1998)

An extensive study of the recently observed opposite-channel-based injection (OCBI) of hot-carriers in SOI MOSFET's is carried out by PISCES numerical calculations. The study reveals similar patterns of injection for partially-depleted (PD) and fully-depleted (FD) devices, although there are significant quantitative differences. Important differences also exist when stressing the device with the body floating versus body grounded. The results demonstrate that when stressing one channel, carriers can and are injected into the opposite gate. The results also demonstrate that under appropriate bias conditions pure electron/hole injection takes place, and establish these conditions. The practical significance of this ability to inject only electrons or only holes in any desired sequence is illustrated by exploiting it to investigate the time-power law of interface state generation and to design a SOI EEPROM cell with a back channel based erasing scheme.
Joint range-of-motion limitations among young males with hemophilia: prevalence and risk factors (2003)

Chronic joint disease from repeated bleeding into joints is a serious complication of hemophilia. To measure the extent of and to identify risk factors for deviations from normal in joint range of motion (ROM), we used cross-sectional data collected from 4343 males with hemophilia aged 2 to 19 years who received care at 136 US hemophilia treatment centers (HTCs). Factors examined included age, race/ethnicity, family history, insurance status, age at diagnosis and first HTC visit, frequency of HTC visits, hemophilia type, bleeding frequency, prophylaxis use, inhibitor status, body mass index (BMI), and recent orthopedic procedures. Trained personnel using a standard protocol obtained ROM measurements on 10 joints (hips, knees, shoulders, elbows, and ankles). Analyses used multiple linear regression to model overall ROM limitation separately by disease severity. For persons in all severity groups, joint ROM limitation was positively associated with older age, nonwhite race, and increased BMI. For those with severe disease, ROM limitation was also positively associated with number of bleeds and was greater for those with inhibitors or recent orthopedic procedures. We conclude that ROM limitations begin at an early age, especially for those with severe and moderate disease, and that BMI is an important, potentially modifiable risk factor.
Interleukin 3 in the treatment of chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia. (1998)

We enrolled 19 cancer patients (11 females, 8 males) with thrombocytopenia after standard dose of chemotherapy to receive IL3 10 mg/kg/day s.c. until hematologic recovery. Therapeutic success was obtained in 69.6% of cycles; a major response in 39.3% and a minor response in 30.3% of cycles. We obtained the best results in case of platelet count <49,000/mm3. The main toxicity was a flu-like syndrome. In two cycles (6%) we registered allergic episodes with flushing and lipothymia. In the 47% of cycles evaluable for toxicity no side effect was registered.
A Theoretical Study of the Carbon/Carbonate/Hydroxide (Electro-) Chemical System in a Direct Carbon Fuel Cell (2004)

Both the hydroxide and the carbonate melt are proposed and tested by researchers trying to develop a DCFC (Direct Carbon Fuel Cell). It is well known that the hydroxide melt is not stable due to the carbon dioxide formed in the fuel cell reaction. The hydroxide ion OH− reacts with CO2 to form carbonate ions and water. From this reaction it is clear that in either approach the melt is a mixture of carbonate and hydroxide depending on the partial pressures of water and CO2 above the melt. Therefore a good insight in the equilibria present in the melts is essential for understanding and optimizing the DCFC. Following the method introduced by Smith and Missen a complete and independent set of equilibria describing the chemical equilibrium in the melt can be obtained using linear algebra6. Using the modification proposed by Coleman and White also electrochemical equilibria are included7. This will be done for the cathode as well as the anode environment of a DCFC.
Physical principles of Marangoni drying (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhysical principles of Marangoni dryingJ. Marra and J. A. M. HuethorstCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 11, 2748–2755Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00059a057https://doi.org/10.1021/la00059a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views878Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts