gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOASSAY KIT FOR DIAGNOSIS AND SURVEILLANCE OF COVID-19 (2021)

Abstract There is a massive demand to identify alternative methods to detect new cases of COVID-19 as well as to investigate the epidemiology of the disease. In many countries, importation of commercial kits poses a significant impact on their testing capacity and increases the costs for the public health system. We have developed an ELISA to detect IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using a recombinant viral nucleocapsid (rN) protein expressed in E. coli . Using a total of 894 clinical samples we showed that the rN-ELISA was able to detect IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with high sensitivity (97.5%) and specificity (96.3%) when compared to a commercial antibody test. After three external validation studies, we showed that the test accuracy was higher than 90%. The rN-ELISA IgG kit constitutes a convenient and specific method for the large-scale determination of SARS-Cov-2 antibodies in human sera with high reliability.
Drag Reduction by Laser-Plasma Energy Addition in Hypersonic Flow (2008)

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the drag reduction by laser‐plasma energy addition in a low density Mach 7 hypersonic flow. The experiments were conducted in a shock tunnel and the optical beam of a high power pulsed CO2 TEA laser operating with 7 J of energy and 30 MW peak power was focused to generate the plasma upstream of a hemispherical model installed in the tunnel test section. The non‐intrusive schlieren optical technique was used to visualize the effects of the energy addition to hypersonic flow, from the plasma generation until the mitigation of the shock wave profile over the model surface. Aside the optical technique, a piezoelectric pressure transducer was used to measure the impact pressure at stagnation point of the hemispherical model and the pressure reduction could be observed.
Laser-induced cavitation in nanoemulsion with gold nanospheres for blood clot disruption: in vitro results (2014)

Optically activated cavitation in a nanoemulsion contrast agent is proposed for therapeutic applications. With a 56°C boiling point perfluorohexane core and highly absorptive gold nanospheres at the oil-water interface, cavitation nuclei in the core can be efficiently induced with a laser fluence below medical safety limits (70 mJ/cm2 at 1064 nm). This agent is also sensitive to ultrasound (US) exposure and can induce inertial cavitation at a pressure within the medical diagnostic range. Images from a high-speed camera demonstrate bubble formation in these nanoemulsions. The potential of using this contrast agent for blood clot disruption is demonstrated in an in vitro study. The possibility of simultaneous laser and US excitation to reduce the cavitation threshold for therapeutic applications is also discussed.
Real-Time PCR in Clinical Microbiology: Applications for Routine Laboratory Testing (2006)

Real-time PCR has revolutionized the way clinical microbiology laboratories diagnose many human microbial infections. This testing method combines PCR chemistry with fluorescent probe detection of amplified product in the same reaction vessel. In general, both PCR and amplified product detection are completed in an hour or less, which is considerably faster than conventional PCR detection methods. Real-time PCR assays provide sensitivity and specificity equivalent to that of conventional PCR combined with Southern blot analysis, and since amplification and detection steps are performed in the same closed vessel, the risk of releasing amplified nucleic acids into the environment is negligible. The combination of excellent sensitivity and specificity, low contamination risk, and speed has made real-time PCR technology an appealing alternative to culture- or immunoassay-based testing methods for diagnosing many infectious diseases. This review focuses on the application of real-time PCR in the clinical microbiology laboratory.
Preliminary Analysis and Simulations of July 23rd Extended Anvil Case (2003)

A key focus of CRYSTAL-FACE (Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and cirrus Layers - Florida Area Cirrus Experiment) was the generation and subsequent evolution of cirrus outflow from deep convective cloud systems. A preliminary integrated look at the observations of an extended cirrus anvil cloud system observed on 23 July 2002 will be presented, including lidar and millimeter radar observations from NASA's ER-2 and in- situ observations from NASA's WB-57 and University of North Dakota Citation. The observations will be compared to preliminary results of simulations using 1-D and 2-D high-resolution (100 meter) cloud resolving models. The CRMs explicitly account for cirrus microphysical development by resolving the evolving ice crystal size distribution (bin model) in time and space. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation are allowed in the model. The CRM simulations are driven using the output of regional simulations using MM5 that produces deep convection similar to what was observed. The MM5 model employs a 2 km inner grid (32 layers) over a 360 km domain, nested within a 6 km grid over a 600 km domain. Initial and boundary conditions for the 36- hour MM5 simulation are taken from NCEP Eta model analysis at 32 km resolution. Key issues to be explored are the settling of the observed anvil versus the model simulations, and comparisons of dynamical properties, such as vertical motions, occurring in the observations and models. The former provides an integrated measure of the validity of the model microphysics (fallspeed) while the latter is the key factor in forcing continued ice generation.
Cubic optical elements for an accommodative intraocular lens (2006)

We present a new accommodative intraocular lens based on a two-element varifocal Alvarez lens. The intraocular lens consists of (1) an anterior element combining a spherical lens for refractive power with a cubic surface for the varifocal effect, and (2) a posterior element with a cubic surface only. The focal length of the IOL lens changes when the superimposed refractive elements shift in opposite directions in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis. The ciliary muscle will drive the accommodation by a natural process of contraction and relaxation. Results of ray-tracing simulations of the model eye with the two-element intraocular lens are presented for on-axis and off-axis vision. The configuration of the lens is optimized to reduce refractive errors as well as effects of misalignment. A prototype with a clear aperture of ~5.7 mm is manufactured and evaluated in air with a Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor. It provides an accommodation range of ~4 dioptres in the eye at a ~0.75-mm lateral displacement of the optical elements. The experimentally measured on-axis optical performance of the IOL lens agrees with the theoretically predicted performance.
An improved method for design of expansion-chamber mufflers with application to an operational helicopter (1973)

An improved method for the design of expansion-chamber mufflers is described and applied to the task of reducing exhaust noise generated by a helicopter. The method is an improvement of standard transmission-line theory in that it accounts for the effect of the mean exhaust-gas flow on the acoustic-transmission properties of a muffler system, including the termination boundary condition. The method has been computerized, and the computer program includes an optimization procedure that adjusts muffler component lengths to achieve a minimum specified desired transmission loss over a specified frequency range. A printout of the program is included together with a user-oriented description.
Real-time Vision-based Intersection Detection For A Driver's Warning Assistant (1993)

In urban traffic situations image sequence evaluation can provide information about the environment of a car to a driver's warning assistant and thus enables it to give warning messages if the driver approaches an intersection too quickly. The image sequence evaluation procedure has to detect an intersection in realtime in a sufficiently large distance (i.e. about 30 m) with a camera mounted inside a passenger car at 1.30 m of height. It additionally detects the road borders in order to estimate the pitch angle and to establish search areas for the intersection detection. The intersection is detected with a model-based approach, in which the model contains information about usual intersection markings such as dashed or solid lines. We start with an initial model of the road and then derive first search windows for the borders. Inside these windows, edges with appropriate angles are extracted, which are then used to build the road borders. The search window for the intersection is deter mined by the estimated borders and two horizontals narrowing down the scope to distances of interest. Horizontal structures are extracted, labeled as candidates for upper and lower edges of road markings and assembled so that they match the intersection model as exactly as possible. The extent to which the hypothesis resembles the model determines the value of a scoring function. The best hypothesis is considered as the detected intersection, provided it's scoring function exceeds a threshold.
REAL TIME SIGNAL TRANSPOSITION WITH ENVELOPE PRESERVATION IN THE PHASE VOCODER (2005)

cote interne IRCAM: Roebel05a
Carbon nanotube based biosensors (2006)

We describe a single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) based biological sensor for the detection of biomolecules like Streptavidin and IgG. SWNTs have been employed for two types of sensing mechanisms: changes in the electrical conductance of the carbon nanotube matrix on non-covalent binding of biomolecules to the side walls of the carbon nanotubes; quantification of mass uptake of the matrix on biomolecule incubation. Both sensing mechanisms exhibit consistent and highly sensitive responses. Biomolecular immobilization on the carbon nanotube surface was monitored by atomic force microscopy.
Untersuchungen zur Modifizierung der Mannobiose und Synthese von Methyl‐4‐O‐β‐D‐rhamnosyl‐α‐D‐olivosid (1979)

Abstract α‐Mannobiose‐octaacetat ( 2 ) läßt sich sauer katalysiert mit Trichlorethanol oder Phenol zu den Glycosiden 6 bzw. 9a oder mit Bromwasserstoff in Eisessig zum Glycosylbromid 3 umsetzen. Koenigs‐ Knorr‐Reaktion von 3 mit Methanol oder Benzylalkohol ergibt die Orthoester 7a bzw. 7b. Aus 3 wird Mannobial‐hexaacetat 8 gewonnen und zu 12a iodmethoxyliert. 9b bzw. 12b lassen sich selektiv in 6‐ und 6′‐ Position zu 10 bzw. 13a tosylieren und anschließend in die entsprechenden Iodide 11a bzw. 15a überführen. Deren Reduktion mit Nickelchlorid/Natriumboranat in Ethanol erlaubt die Darstellung der Glycoside 14 and 17b von 4‐ O ‐(β‐ D ‐ Rhamnopyranosyl)‐α‐ D ‐rhamno‐pyranose bzw. 4‐ O ‐0(β‐ D ‐Rhamnopysanosyl)‐α‐ D ‐olivopyranose. Alle Syntheseprodukte werden durch Peracetate charakterisiert und strukturell an Hand der NMR‐Spektren zugeordnet.
A physics package for rubidium atomic frequency standard with a short-term stability of 2.4 × 10−13 τ−1/2 (2016)

In this article, a new type of physics package with high signal to noise ratio for a rubidium atomic frequency standard is reported. To enhance the clock transition signal, a slotted tube microwave cavity with a field orientation factor of 0.93 and an absorption cell with the diameter of 30 mm were utilized in design of the cavity-cell assembly. Based on the spectral analysis of the three commonly used rubidium spectral lamps, the spectral lamp filled with Xe gas was chosen as the optical pumping source for its small line shape distortion. To suppress the shot noise of the signal, a band pass interference filter was used to filter out Xe spectral lines from the pumping light. A desk system of the rubidium frequency standard with the physics package was realized, and the short-term stability of the system was predicted and tested. The measured result is 2.4 × 10<sup>-13</sup> τ<sup>-1/2</sup> up to 100 s averaging time, in good agreement with the predicted one.
Constant Random Perturbations Provide Adversarial Robustness with Minimal Effect on Accuracy (2021)

This paper proposes an attack-independent (non-adversarial training) technique for improving adversarial robustness of neural network models, with minimal loss of standard accuracy. We suggest creating a neighborhood around each training example, such that the label is kept constant for all inputs within that neighborhood. Unlike previous work that follows a similar principle, we apply this idea by extending the training set with multiple perturbations for each training example, drawn from within the neighborhood. These perturbations are model independent, and remain constant throughout the entire training process. We analyzed our method empirically on MNIST, SVHN, and CIFAR-10, under different attacks and conditions. Results suggest that the proposed approach improves standard accuracy over other defenses while having increased robustness compared to vanilla adversarial training.
Downregulation of growth plate genes involved with the onset of femoral head separation in young broilers (2022)

Femoral head separation (FHS) is characterized by the detachment of growth plate (GP) and articular cartilage, occurring in tibia and femur. However, the molecular mechanisms involved with this condition are not completely understood. Therefore, genes and biological processes (BP) involved with FHS were identified in 21-day-old broilers through RNA sequencing of the femoral GP. 13,487 genes were expressed in the chicken femoral head transcriptome of normal and FHS-affected broilers. From those, 34 were differentially expressed (DE; FDR ≤0.05) between groups, where all of them were downregulated in FHS-affected broilers. The main BP were enriched in receptor signaling pathways, ossification, bone mineralization and formation, skeletal morphogenesis, and vascularization. RNA-Seq datasets comparison of normal and FHS-affected broilers with 21, 35 and 42 days of age has shown three shared DE genes (<i>FBN2</i>, <i>C1QTNF8</i>, and <i>XYLT1</i>) in GP among ages. Twelve genes were exclusively DE at 21 days, where 10 have already been characterized (<i>SHISA3, FNDC1, ANGPTL7, LEPR, ENSGALG00000049529, OXTR, ENSGALG00000045154, COL16A1, RASD2, BOC, GDF10</i>, and <i>THSD7B</i>). Twelve SNPs were associated with FHS (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Out of those, 5 were novel and 7 were existing variants located in 7 genes (<i>RARS, TFPI2, TTI1, MAP4K3, LINK54</i>, and <i>AREL1)</i>. We have shown that genes related to chondrogenesis and bone differentiation were downregulated in the GP of FHS-affected young broilers. Therefore, these findings evince that candidate genes pointed out in our study are probably related to the onset of FHS in broilers.
LETTERS (1994)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTLETTERSRAUL CARLOS FERNANDEZCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1994, 72, 4, 4Publication Date (Print):January 24, 1994Publication History Published online11 November 2010Published inissue 24 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v072n004.p004https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v072n004.p004letterACS PublicationsCopyright © 1994 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (133 KB) Get e-Alerts
A Reeled-Tubing Downhole Jet Cleaning System (1991)

Abstract Operators having wells with increased water production, water flood projects, and geothermal wells are experiencing downhole scale buildup problems that can be quite severe. Production can become choked off, and in extreme cases, complete plugging of the tubulars can occur. A total system approach has been developed to remove scales without removing or damaging the production tubing and casing. This method involves the use of high-pressure, polymer-enhanced, submerged fluid jets combined with reeled tubing equipment. This efficient system has proven significant cost reductions can be achieved compared to existing scale removal techniques.
The pronoun (2013)

A pronoun indicates a person, thing, place, or quality without specifically naming it, e.g. I, you, they, it, the same, that, another. It is also used to replace a noun and so avoid the need to repeat it. In botanical Latin, you will almost never use the personal pronouns I, you, he, she, we and they, but you will probably want to use others. Commonly used are the personal pronoun is (it); the demonstrative ones hic (this, these) and ille (that, those); the possessive one suus (its, their); the relative one quod (which); and the definitive one idem (the same).
A New Combiner for Key Encapsulation Mechanisms (2019)

Key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) combiners, recently formalized by Giacon, Heuer, and Poettering (PKC'18), enable hedging against insecure KEMs or weak parameter choices by combining ingredient KEMs into a single KEM that remains secure assuming just one of the underlying ingredient KEMs is secure. This seems particularly relevant when considering quantum-resistant KEMs which are often based on arguably less well-understood hardness assumptions and parameter choices. We propose a new simple KEM combiner based on a one-time secure message authentication code (MAC) and two-time correlated input secure hash. Instantiating the correlated input secure hash with a t-wise independent hash for an appropriate value of t, yields a KEM combiner based on a strictly weaker additional primitive than the standard model construction of Giaon et al. and furthermore removes the need to do n full passes over the encapsulation, where n is the number of ingredient KEMs, which Giacon et al. highlight as a disadvantage of their scheme. However, unlike Giacon et al., our construction requires the public key of the combined KEM to include a hash key, and furthermore requires a MAC tag to be added to the encapsulation of the combined KEM.
Experimental Study on an Ultrasonic Purification Apparatus for Civil Engineering Use (2008)

Purification of wastewater is indispensable to civil engineering construction. Since natural sedimentation requires much time, coagulants are used to increase the sedimentation rate. However, this may cause environment disruption. In this study, we investigated an ultrasonic agglomeration method which needs no coagulants as a possible solution to this problem. This method is based on phenomena that suspended particles are trapped at the nodal lines of a standing ultrasonic field due to acoustic radiation forces and then agglomerate. Our experimental setup had a water channel between a piezoelectric plate transducer designed to resonate at 1 MHz and a reflector. In the experiments, the suspended particles moved to and were trapped at the nodal lines and agglomerated both with and without water flow. By tilting the transducer, the position of trapping was varied and the agglomerated clusters settled out more easily. We obtained a maximum purification rate of 0.09 L/min with electrical power of 40 W.
A Cell Type Selective YM155 Prodrug Targets Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase 2 to Induce Brain Cancer Cell Death (2023)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive primary central nervous system (CNS) malignancy. YM155 is a highly potent broad-spectrum anti-cancer drug that was derived from a phenotypic screen for functional inhibitors of survivin expression, but for which the relevant biomolecular target remains unknown. Presumably as a result of its lack of cell-type selectivity, YM155 has suffered from tolerability issues in the clinic. Based on its structural similarity to the GBM-selective prodrug RIPGBM, here, we report the design, synthesis, and characterization of a prodrug form of YM155, termed aYM155. aYM155 displays potent cell killing activity against a broad panel of patient-derived GBM cancer stem-like cells (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.7-10 nM), as well as EGFR-amplified and EGFR variant III-expressing (EGFRvIII) cell lines (IC<sub>50</sub> = 3.8-36 nM), and becomes activated in a cell-type-dependent manner. Mass spectrometry-based analysis indicates that enhanced cell-type selectivity results from relative rates of prodrug activation in transformed versus non-transformed cell types. The prodrug strategy also facilitates transport into the brain (brain-to-plasma ratio, aYM155 = 0.56; YM155 = BLQ). In addition, we determine that the survivin-suppressing and apoptosis-inducing activities of YM155 involve its interaction with receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2). In an orthotopic intracranial GBM xenograft model, aYM155 prodrug significantly inhibits brain tumor growth <i>in vivo</i>, which correlates with cell-type selective survivin-based pharmacodynamic effects.
Expression, characterization and structure determination of an active site mutant (Glu202–Gln) of mini-stromelysin-1 (2000)

Human stromelysin-1 is a member of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family of enzymes. The active site glutamic acid of the MMPs is conserved throughout the family and plays a pivotal role in the catalytic mechanism. The structural and functional consequences of a glutamate to glutamine substitution in the active site of stromelysin-1 were investigated in this study. In contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the glutamine-substituted mutant was not active in a zymogram assay where gelatin was the substrate, was not activated by organomercurials and showed no activity against a peptide substrate. The glutamine-substituted mutant did, however, bind to TIMP-1, the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, after cleavage of the propeptide with trypsin. A second construct containing the glutamine substitution but lacking the propeptide was also inactive in the proteolysis assays and capable of TIMP-1 binding. X-ray structures of the wild-type and mutant proteins complexed with the propeptide-based inhibitor Ro-26-2812 were solved and in both structures the inhibitor binds in an orientation the reverse of that of the propeptide in the pro-form of the enzyme. The inhibitor makes no specific interactions with the active site glutamate and a comparison of the wild-type and mutant structures revealed no major structural changes resulting from the glutamate to glutamine substitution.
Frequency stabilization of internal mirror He–Ne lasers in a transverse magnetic field (1975)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. H. Morris, J. B. Ferguson, and J. S. Warniak, "Frequency stabilization of internal mirror He–Ne lasers in a transverse magnetic field," Appl. Opt. 14, 2808-2808 (1975) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Supersizing Port Elizabeth (2005)

The wharf structures at New Jersey’s Elizabeth Port Authority Marine Terminal date from the 1970s, and the facility was not designed for traditional container ships, let alone today’s immense vessels. Now, a five-phase upgrade is under way to modernize these structures by 2009 in conjunction with plans to make the channels deeper.