gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subdiffusive light transport in three-dimensional subrandom arrays (2020)

We investigate light transport in three-dimensional scattering systems generated according to subrandom sequences and demonstrate subdiffusive behavior typical of wave transport in disordered systems at the critical point for metal-insulator-transitions but in a wider range of parameters. Specifically, we solve the electromagnetic multiple scattering problem using the Green's matrix spectral theory for aperiodic systems based on Halton, Sobol, and stochastic Latin hypercube sequences. By studying the Thouless number and the level-spacing statistics of the electromagnetic resonances at different scattering densities, we demonstrate that light transport in deterministic Halton and Sobol structures exhibit multifractal behavior characterized by inverse power-law scaling of level-spacing statistics across a wide range of densities of dipolar scatterers. On the other hand, this scenario is absent in the stochastic Latin hypercube array, whose behavior instead resembles standard diffusion in uniform random media. Our findings establish a connection between subdiffusion and subrandom aperiodic order and provide a strategy to design three-dimensional structures with multifractal properties over a broad spectral range.
Biofuel production: an odyssey from metabolic engineering to fermentation scale-up (2014)

Metabolic engineering has developed microbial cell factories that can convert renewable carbon sources into biofuels. Current molecular biology tools can efficiently alter enzyme levels to redirect carbon fluxes toward biofuel production, but low product yield and titer in large bioreactors prevent the fulfillment of cheap biofuels. There are three major roadblocks preventing economical biofuel production. First, carbon fluxes from the substrate dissipate into a complex metabolic network. Besides the desired product, microbial hosts direct carbon flux to synthesize biomass, overflow metabolites, and heterologous enzymes. Second, microbial hosts need to oxidize a large portion of the substrate to generate both ATP and NAD(P)H to power biofuel synthesis. High cell maintenance, triggered by the metabolic burdens from genetic modifications, can significantly affect the ATP supply. Thereby, fermentation of advanced biofuels (such as biodiesel and hydrocarbons) often requires aerobic respiration to resolve the ATP shortage. Third, mass transfer limitations in large bioreactors create heterogeneous growth conditions and micro-environmental fluctuations (such as suboptimal O2 level and pH) that induce metabolic stresses and genetic instability. To overcome these limitations, fermentation engineering should merge with systems metabolic engineering. Modern fermentation engineers need to adopt new metabolic flux analysis tools that integrate kinetics, hydrodynamics, and (13)C-proteomics, to reveal the dynamic physiologies of the microbial host under large bioreactor conditions. Based on metabolic analyses, fermentation engineers may employ rational pathway modifications, synthetic biology circuits, and bioreactor control algorithms to optimize large-scale biofuel production.
Layer‐by‐Layer Deposition of Chitosan Derivatives and DNA on Gold Surfaces for the Development of Biorecognition Layers (2004)

Abstract We describe a new supramolecular architecture obtained by deposition of double‐stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) and chitosan derivatives on a thiolated gold surface. Surface plasmon resonance was used to monitor, in real time, the construction of the supramolecular architecture. Three chitosan derivatives were used, a quaternized N‐substituted by three methyl groups in a 40.0 mol%, and two others N‐substituted with an octyl chain in a 5.0 and 25.0 mol%. The multilayer formation depends on the degree of substitution of chitosan as well as on the nature of the substituents. The adsorption of dsDNA is slower than that of chitosan. The best immobilization of dsDNA is obtained by using a quaternized chitosan and dsDNA prepared in 0.050 M acetate buffer pH 5.00. The system is stable in buffer solution independently of the nature of the chitosan derivative. The effect of the nature of the electrolyte and ionic strength is also discussed.
MikroRNA asociované s časným relapsem po nefrektomii u pacientů s renálním karcinomem. (2012)

nadorů v dospělem věku. Hlavnim histologickým subtypem je světlobuněcný renalni karcinom (ccRCC), který tvoři 75-85 % vsech nadorů ledviny a vznika z buněk proximalnich tubulů. Ackoli incidence tohoto nadoroveho onemocněni v poslednich letech stagnuje a mortalita od roku 2002 dokonce mirně klesa, i přesto zaujima Ceska republika celosvětově prvni misto s 29,5 připady na 100 000 obyvatel. Vzhledem k teto skutecnosti je velmi důležite odhalit nejen molekularni a geneticke mechanismy hrajici roli v iniciaci a vývoji RCC, ale rovněž hledat nove biomarkery umožňujici predikovat casne metastazovani po nefrektomii. Vhodnými kandidaty by v teto oblasti mohly být mikroRNA (miRNA). MiRNA jsou kratke nekodujici RNA tvořici mladou a velice progresivni oblast molekularně-biologickeho výzkumu. MiRNA maji schopnost post-transkripcně regulovat genovou expresi a podle odhadu bioinformatiků jsou schopny regulovat vice než polovinu lidských genů. Dnes již vime, že některe z těchto genů jsou take významne onkogeny ci nadorove supresory.
Carbon Fibers (2020)

You have accessCarbon FibersDec 2020Carbon FibersProduction, Applications, ProcessingHauke Lengsfeld, Hendrik Mainka, Volker AltstädtHauke Lengsfeld, Hendrik Mainka, Volker Altstädthttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569908297.fmSectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn next chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2020Pages: I-XIXPrint ISBN: 978-1-56990-828-0eISBN: 978-1-56990-829-7 Copyright & Permissions© 2021 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Experimental approach to follow the spatiotemporal wood degradation in fungal microcosms (2012)

To investigate the spatiotemporal growth dynamics in fungal microcosms and to follow the spatial degradation effects of fungal lignocellulose fermentation, a new and flexible experimental setup was developed and tested. White and brown rot fungi were cultivated under solid-state conditions in beech wood-filled silicon tubes for 5 weeks. After inoculation of wood material at one end of the tube, the culture vessels were aerated and moistured by flushing air through alkaline and aqueous solutions. After incubation, the silicon tubes were harvested and segmented to follow different growth and degradation parameters. This new approach holds great potential since it allows the use of different growth substrates, variable aeration or moisturization conditions and is therefore a useful tool for diverse degradation studies, e.g. respiration/mineralization studies involving flow meters or carbon dioxide sensors or for molecular biological approaches.
A Mixed-Lipid Diet (Medium-Chain and Long-Chain Triglycerides) for Better Tolerability and Efficiency in Pediatric Epilepsy Patients (2022)

Purpose: In the past, the use of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) for a ketogenic diet (KD) was expected to improve both patients’ and caregivers’ adherence to treatment, but many gastrointestinal problems have been reported. Through a calculated partial administration of MCTs in a KD, we aimed to reduce these complications, while maintaining acceptable seizure reduction. Methods: At a tertiary referral center for pediatric patients with epilepsy, MCT oil was given in a 1:1 ratio with long-chain triglycerides to patients on KDs. Patients who began the diet from February 2019 to February 2020 were reviewed retrospectively, and 47 patients with at least 3 months of follow-up records were enrolled in the studyResults: Overall, 29.8% of patients on a KD with an adjusted MCT ratio experienced complications, such as gastrointestinal symptoms and behavioral food refusal, compared to 63.0% of prior KD patients. The mean seizure reduction rate was 68.45%±40.61%, which was not significantly different from the comparison group’s rate of 64.84%±34.24%. Conclusion: Adjusted MCT incorporation into a KD showed comparable seizure control results, with better tolerability of the diet.
Ultrasound features of medullary thyroid carcinoma correlate with cancer aggressiveness: a retrospective multicenter study (2014)

Poor prognosis of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) with suspicious ultrasound (US) features has been reported. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between preoperative US presentation and aggressiveness features of MTC. Also, US features of MTC were compared with those previously reported. Study group comprised 134 MTC from nine different centers. Based on US presentation the nodules were stratified in “at risk for malignancy” (m-MTC) or “probably benign” (b-MTC) lesions. Eighty nine (66.4%) m-MTC and 45 (33.6%) b-MTC were found. Metastatic lymph nodes (p = 0.0001) and extrathyroid invasiveness (p < 0.0001) were more frequent in m-MTC. There was statistically significant correlation (p = 0.0002) between advanced TNM stage and m-MTC with an Odds Ratio 5.5 (95% CI 2.1–14.4). Mean postsurgical calcitonin values were 224 – 64 pg/ml in m-MTC and 51 – 21 in b-MTC (p = 0.003). This study showed that sonographically suspicious MTC is frequently associated with features of aggressiveness, suggesting that careful preoperative US of MTC patients may better plan their surgical approach.
Development of the Adult PedsQL™ Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Module: Initial Feasibility, Reliability and Validity (2013)

The results demonstrate the initial feasibility, reliability and validity of the PedsQL™ NF1 module in adult patients. The PedsQL™ NF1 Module can be used to understand the multidimensional nature of NF1 on the HRQOL patients with this disorder.
miRNA-Mediated Relationships between Cis-SNP Genotypes and Transcript Intensities in Lymphocyte Cell Lines (2012)

In metazoans, miRNAs regulate gene expression primarily through binding to target sites in the 3' UTRs (untranslated regions) of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Cis-acting variants within, or close to, a gene are crucial in explaining the variability of gene expression measures. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3' UTRs of genes can affect the base-pairing between miRNAs and mRNAs, and hence disrupt existing target sites (in the reference sequence) or create novel target sites, suggesting a possible mechanism for cis regulation of gene expression. Moreover, because the alleles of different SNPs within a DNA sequence of limited length tend to be in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD), we hypothesize the variants of miRNA target sites caused by SNPs potentially function as bridges linking the documented cis-SNP markers to the expression of the associated genes. A large-scale analysis was herein performed to test this hypothesis. By systematically integrating multiple latest information sources, we found 21 significant gene-level SNP-involved miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation modules (SNP-MPRMs) in the form of SNP-miRNA-mRNA triplets in lymphocyte cell lines for the CEU and YRI populations. Among the cognate genes, six including ALG8, DGKE, GNA12, KLF11, LRPAP1, and MMAB are related to multiple genetic diseases such as depressive disorder and Type-II diabetes. Furthermore, we found that ~35% of the documented transcript intensity-related cis-SNPs (~950) in a recent publication are identical to, or in significant linkage disequilibrium (LD) (p<0.01) with, one or multiple SNPs located in miRNA target sites. Based on these associations (or identities), 69 significant exon-level SNP-MPRMs and 12 disease genes were further determined for two populations. These results provide concrete in silico evidence for the proposed hypothesis. The discovered modules warrant additional follow-up in independent laboratory studies.
Innate and Learned Responses to External Stimuli in Asteroids (2020)

The inventory of possible asteroid movements was large and the conditions of stimulation changed from trial to trial. Asteroids are inactive during most of the 24 hour daily cycle. In the asteroids with well-developed suckers on their tube feet, at least two states of inactivity are virtually identical in appearance. The term, active animals, is even more inaccurate than the term, inactive animals. The common feature of many active states is locomotion. A series of experiments were done in our laboratory to discover the consequences of the experimental manipulation on the behavior of Marthasterias glacialis. Individuals stationary on the walls descend to the bottom or start to explore the water surface after stimulation with food. Individuals, adapted to dim light, were exposed to a strong beam of light in the next experiment. A search for behavioral, electrophysiological, and chemical correlates of learning would be premature if the corresponding backgrounds of innate behaviors are not well understood.
Simple nonlinear controller to reduce line and load disturbances in HBCC converter (2002)

A simple nonlinear control scheme that reduces line and load disturbances in the half-bridge complementary-control (HBCC) converter is proposed. The control scheme is devised by imposing a desired linear dynamic behaviour on the output voltage, by means of input-output feedback linearisation techniques.
Introduction to Part VI (2014)

This book draws on ideas from philosophical logic, computational logic, multi-agent systems, and game theory to offer a comprehensive account of logic and games viewed in two complementary ways. It examines the logic of games: the development of sophisticated modern dynamic logics that model information flow, communication, and interactive structures in games. It also examines logic as games: the idea that logical activities of reasoning and many related tasks can be viewed in the form of games. In doing so, the book takes up the intelligent interaction of agents engaging in competitive or cooperative activities and examines the patterns of strategic behavior that arise. It develops modern logical systems that can analyze information-driven changes in players' knowledge and beliefs, and introduces the Theory of Play that emerges from the combination of logic and game theory. This results in a new view of logic itself as an interactive rational activity based on reasoning, perception, and communication that has particular relevance for games. Logic in Games, based on a course taught by the author at Stanford University, the University of Amsterdam, and elsewhere, can be used in advanced seminars and as a resource for researchers.
Object-in-Place Memory Predicted by Anterolateral Entorhinal Cortex and Parahippocampal Cortex Volume in Older Adults (2018)

Abstract The lateral portion of the entorhinal cortex is one of the first brain regions affected by tau pathology, an important biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Improving our understanding of this region’s cognitive role may help identify better cognitive tests for early detection of AD. Based on its functional connections, we tested the idea that the human anterolateral entorhinal cortex (alERC) may play a role in integrating spatial information into object representations. We recently demonstrated that the volume of the alERC was related to processing the spatial relationships of the features within an object (Yeung et al., 2017). In the present study, we investigated whether the human alERC might also play a role in processing the spatial relationships between an object and its environment using an eyetracking task that assessed visual fixations to a critical object within a scene. Guided by rodent work, we measured both object-in-place memory, the association of an object with a given context (Wilson et al., 2013), and object-trace memory, the memory for the former location of objects (Tsao, Moser, &amp; Moser, 2013). In a group of older adults with varying stages of brain atrophy and cognitive decline, we found that the volume of the alERC and the volume of the parahippocampal cortex (PHC) selectively predicted object-in-place memory, but not object-trace memory. These results provide support for the notion that the alERC may integrate spatial information into object representations.
Auditory nerve responses to combined optogenetic and electrical stimulation in chronically deaf mice (2023)

<i>Objective</i>. Optogenetic stimulation of the auditory nerve offers the ability to overcome the limitations of cochlear implants through spatially precise stimulation, but cannot achieve the temporal precision nor temporal fidelity required for good hearing outcomes. Auditory midbrain recordings have indicated a combined (hybrid) stimulation approach may permit improvements in the temporal precision without sacrificing spatial precision by facilitating electrical activation thresholds. However, previous research has been conducted in undeafened or acutely deafened animal models, and the impact of chronic deafness remains unclear. Our study aims to compare the temporal precision of auditory nerve responses to optogenetic, electrical, and combined stimulation in acutely and chronically deafened animals.<i>Methods</i>. We directly compare the temporal fidelity (measured as percentage of elicited responses) and precision (i.e. stability of response size and timing) of electrical, optogenetic, and hybrid stimulation (varying sub-threshold or supra-threshold optogenetic power levels combined with electrical stimuli) through compound action potential and single-unit recordings of the auditory nerve in transgenic mice expressing the opsin ChR2-H134R in auditory neurons. Recordings were conducted immediately or 2-3 weeks following aminoglycoside deafening when there was evidence of auditory nerve degeneration.<i>Main results</i>. Results showed that responses to electrical stimulation had significantly greater temporal precision than optogenetic stimulation (<i>p</i>< 0.001 for measures of response size and timing). This temporal precision could be maintained with hybrid stimulation, but only when the optogenetic stimulation power used was below or near activation threshold and worsened with increasing optical power. Chronically deafened mice showed poorer facilitation of electrical activation thresholds with concurrent optogenetic stimulation than acutely deafened mice. Additionally, responses in chronically deafened mice showed poorer temporal fidelity, but improved temporal precision to optogenetic and hybrid stimulation compared to acutely deafened mice.<i>Significance</i>. These findings show that the improvement to temporal fidelity and temporal precision provided by a hybrid stimulation paradigm can also be achieved in chronically deafened animals, albeit at higher levels of concurrent optogenetic stimulation levels.
Indirect determination of cyanide compounds by ion chromatography with conductivity measurement (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIndirect determination of cyanide compounds by ion chromatography with conductivity measurementMakoto. NonomuraCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 17, 2073–2076Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00144a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00144a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views531Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An equivalent circuit model for deep-trap induced drain-current transient behaviors in HJFETs (2005)

A large-signal HJFET model is developed for deep-trap induced drain-current transient behaviors based on two-dimensional device simulations. In the model, electron capture and emission processes for deep traps are replaced by the currents flowing through a diode and a resistor, which are physically deduced from SRH statistics. The model accurately describes the bias and time dependent nonlinear-characteristics of trapping effects. The influence of the trapping effects on RF switching is also discussed.
Tools and support for deploying applications on the grid (2004)

Deploying applications on the grid requires both a stable production quality infrastructure, and correct configuration of the user environment and applications. In this paper we discuss two support tools to assist in increasing the chance of successful execution of an application. The first is a set of scripts which we have developed and deployed on the UK e-Science Grid to check at a system level that resources are live and ready for use. These checks might be thought of as a 'heartbeat' for the grid. The second is a support tool targeted at end users which allows them to verify that the specific resources they require are available and that their applications and user security settings are configured correctly. This verification gives a 'dial tone' for the application of the user. We demonstrate their deployment and use.
Flexible and light weight substrates for Cu(In,Ga)Se/sub 2/ solar cells and modules (2002)

The authors report on the fabrication and characterization of ZnO/CdS/Cu(In,Ga)Se/sub 2/ solar cells on flexible metal and polymer substrates. Na for the absorber was provided by NaF precursor films deposited prior to CIGS co-evaporation. The optimum precursor layer thickness was about 30 /spl Aring/ and 100-200 /spl Aring/ for CIGS on polymer and metal substrates, respectively. In comparison with reference CIGS solar cells on soda lime glass substrates mainly the open circuit voltage on flexible foil substrates is decreased. This is explained by insufficient Na content of the CIGS layers and diffusion of substrate constituent elements into the absorber. Secondary ion mass spectrometry of solar cells on Fe/Ni alloy substrates shows impurities of Fe, Ni and Co inside the absorbers. An increased density of deep defects was identified in these solar cells by admittance spectrometry. CIGS solar module fabrication have been demonstrated on enamel coated steel substrates as well as on thin insulated (125 /spl mu/m) ferritic steel foils.
Evaluation of a Quantitative Photometric Latex Agglutination Immuno assay for α-Foetoprotein (1987)

A simple quantitative photometric method is described for the determination of serum alpha-foetoprotein using latex particle agglutination in an immunochemical system. This method is based on the quantitative photometric measurement of agglutination of latex particles coated with antibodies against alpha-foetoprotein. The turbidity is measured at a wavelength of 340 nm. Agglutination causes a decrease in absorbance. Interference by serum constituents, e.g. rheumatoid factors, are avoided by pretreating the serum samples with buffered polyethylene glycol. Concentrations of 0 to 640 micrograms/l were used for the standard curve. Analytical recoveries were 99.5 to 105.2%. Maximum within and between runs coefficients of variation were 6.2 and 11.6%. The correlation coefficient of the method with radioimmunoassay (RIA), calculated from results on 117 serum samples, was 0.997, and the regression equation y = 0.99x (RIA) - 7.23.