gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A physical information kiosk for classical music concerts (2016)

Classical music concerts are part of our cultural heritage, however young adults seem less interested in classical music and thus attendance to such events has been declining. We describe the design process and initial evaluation of a physical information kiosk to inform and motivate young adults to attend classical music concerts. As a starting point for our research, we analyzed the current situation at a local concert hall by involving people in a series of user studies, which included questionnaires, field observations, and interviews. Based on our findings, we designed an artifact that detects the presence of people and invites them to interact with it by playing extracts of upcoming classical music concerts. By means of an interface consisting of physical buttons, LEDs, and a limited resolution dot-matrix display, people obtain information on upcoming concerts and express their intention to attend. A small thermal printer is used to allow people to take the obtained information with them and potentially invite someone else to attend the concert with them. The results of an initial evaluation show that participants embraced the old school aesthetics of the artifact, felt that the physical buttons invited people to interact, that the provided information was relevant and interesting, and liked the possibility to be able to print out an invitation.
On the Performance of Network NOMA in Uplink CoMP Systems: A Stochastic Geometry Approach (2019)

To improve the system throughput, this paper proposes a network non-orthogonal multiple access (N-NOMA) technique for the uplink coordinated multi-point transmission (CoMP). In the considered scenario, multiple base stations collaborate with each other to serve a single user, referred to as the CoMP user, which is the same as for conventional CoMP. However, unlike conventional CoMP, each base station in N-NOMA opportunistically serves an extra user, referred to as the NOMA user, while serving the CoMP user at the same bandwidth. The CoMP user is typically located far from the base stations, whereas users close to the base stations are scheduled as NOMA users. Hence, the channel conditions of the two kinds of users are very distinctive, which facilitates the implementation of NOMA. Compared to the conventional orthogonal multiple access-based CoMP scheme, where multiple base stations serve a single CoMP user only, the proposed N-NOMA scheme can support larger connectivity by serving the extra NOMA users, and improve the spectral efficiency by avoiding the CoMP user solely occupying the spectrum. A stochastic geometry approach is applied to model the considered N-NOMA scenario as a Poisson cluster process, based on which insightful closed-form or quasi closed-form analytical expressions for outage probabilities and ergodic rates are obtained. Numerical results are presented to show the accuracy of the analytical results and also demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed N-NOMA scheme.
Psychiatric and Psychological Characteristics of Sexual Offenders in Korea (2012)

MethodsZZTwenty-two male sex offenders were referred for psychiatric diagnosis from the prosecutor’s office and admitted to the hospital between August 2010 and May 2011. In order to identify Axis I and II disorders, including sexual disorders, we conducted the Korean version of the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition. All participants completed psychological assessment batteries, including the KoreanWechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and self-report scales, including the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, and the Rape Myth Acceptance Scale. Information on participants’ legal, personal, and psychiatric family histories was also gathered.
Spectral dependence of purely-Kerr-driven filamentation in air and argon (2010)

Based on numerical simulations, we show that higher-order nonlinear indices (up to ${n}_{8}$ and ${n}_{10}$, respectively) of air and argon have a dominant contribution to both focusing and defocusing in the self-guiding of ultrashort laser pulses over most of the spectrum. Plasma generation and filamentation are therefore decoupled. As a consequence, ultraviolet wavelength may not be the optimal wavelength for applications requiring to maximize ionization.
The Cutaneous Lesions of Dioxin Exposure: Lessons from the Poisoning of Victor Yushchenko (2011)

Several million people are exposed to dioxin and dioxin-like compounds, primarily through food consumption. Skin lesions historically called "chloracne" are the most specific sign of abnormal dioxin exposure and classically used as a key marker in humans. We followed for 5 years a man who had been exposed to the most toxic dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), at a single oral dose of 5 million-fold more than the accepted daily exposure in the general population. We adopted a molecular medicine approach, aimed at identifying appropriate therapy. Skin lesions, which progressively covered up to 40% of the body surface, were found to be hamartomas, which developed parallel to a complete and sustained involution of sebaceous glands, with concurrent transcriptomic alterations pointing to the inhibition of lipid metabolism and the involvement of bone morphogenetic proteins signaling. Hamartomas created a new compartment that concentrated TCDD up to 10-fold compared with serum and strongly expressed the TCDD-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 1A1, thus representing a potentially significant source of enzymatic activity, which may add to the xenobiotic metabolism potential of the classical organs such as the liver. This historical case provides a unique set of data on the human tissue response to dioxin for the identification of new markers of exposure in human populations. The herein discovered adaptive cutaneous response to TCDD also points to the potential role of the skin in the metabolism of food xenobiotics.
Viral Evolution during Structured Treatment Interruptions in Chronically Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals (2002)

We analyzed the evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) env gene in 12 chronically infected individuals who underwent structured treatment interruptions (STIs). Analyses of length variation and of clonal sequences demonstrated highly unpredictable evolution, which may limit the strengthening of HIV-specific immune responses by STIs because of the variability in exposure to viral antigens.
Optimization-based optical diffraction tomography using iODT initialization (2021)

Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) is a label-free and noninvasive technique for biological imaging. However, ODT is only applicable to weakly scattering objects. To extend ODT to the multiple-scattering regime, more advanced inversion algorithms have been developed, including optimization-based ODT (Opti-ODT) and iterative ODT (iODT). In this paper, we propose a combined strategy, namely, an iODT initialization for Opti-ODT, based on the observed complementarity of their individual advantages. This study numerically demonstrates that under this combined strategy, the reconstruction can accurately converge to a better local minimum, especially in the case of multiply scattering objects with large optical path differences.
Photoelectrochemical Properties of the Sol-Gel Derived Ti1-xVxO2 Thin Film Electrodes. (2001)

The origin of the photoresponse in the visible region observed for the sol-gel derived Ti1-xVxO2 thin films has been studied in relation to the doping level, x, which is ranging from 0.03 to 0.12. Effects of the postheating atmosphere and the substrate nature on the crystallization behavior and photoelectrochemical properties of the films were examined. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that thin films with x≤0.06 consisted only of anatase type TiO2 phase regardless of the post-heating atmosphere and substrate nature, whereas for the samples with x≥0.07, VO2 or V2O3 phases have been detected in addition to anatase phase depending on the post-heating atmosphere. Differences in photoelectrochemical characteristics between the thin film electrodes with x≤0.06 and x≥0.07 and the origin of the visible photoresponse are discussed on the basis of the difference in crystallization behavior of the Ti1-xVxO2 electrodes.
Current-Mode Band-Limited Signaling for Global On-chip Interconnects (2004)

Global on-chip interconnects are a limiting factor in modern high performance VLSI systems due to cross-talk noise, signal delay and wire bandwidth constraints. This dissertation addresses these limitations with a fundamental change in signaling technique &amp;#8212; the use of current-mode band-limited pulses. This work is intended to establish the theoretical basis for the proposed signaling scheme while formulating its impact on signal delay, bandwidth and cross-talk noise both analytically and experimentally. Simple yet accurate closed-form delay and power dissipation expressions for inverter driven on-chip interconnects with arbitrary receive-end termination are presented. The solutions can be used for both resistive and capacitive termination to adequately model current and voltage mode sensing used in repeaters for interconnect signaling schemes. The performance of band-limited pulse signaling for cross-talk noise reduction in high-density on-chip interconnects is addressed using reduced edge-rate pulses. A comparative analysis is presented to evaluate performance in cross-talk noise, driver/receiver power dissipation and propagation delay. Test chips fabricated in AMI 1.6&amp;#956;m bulk CMOS technology are used to experimentally evaluate the performance of the proposed techniques.\n\nThis dissertation also explores a novel on-chip adaptive bandwidth bus (ABB) designed to automatically increase or decrease the interconnection bandwidth to track the input data activity envelope, thereby minimizing the static power dissipation associated with low impedance current sensing without a penalty in maximum attainable data rate. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed bus, 'analog' and 'digital' implementations are fabricated in AMI 1.6&amp;#956;m and TSMC 0.35&amp;#956;m CMOS technologies, respectively. In addition, a power dissipation modeling approach based on circuit-level and statistical analysis of microprocessor data streams is presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed bus. Attaining a maximum aggregate bandwidth of 16Gb/s (i.e. 1Gb/s per line) across lossy on-chip interconnects spanning 1.75cm in length, the digital bus core dissipates approximately 93mW with a supply of 2.5V and signal activity of 0.5. Experimental results indicate a reduction in power of 50% over current-mode (CM) sensing, and an improvement in interconnection delay and signaling bandwidth of 35%-70% and 66% over voltage-mode (VM) sensing, respectively.
Evidence for direct axonal toxicity in vincristine neuropathy (2006)

There is a long-standing debate concerning the localization of the primary insult that results in distal axonal degeneration, or 'dying back' neuropathy. To address this question, we created an in vitro model of vincristine neuropathy in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG). DRGs were grown in compartmentalized chambers, allowing for isolated exposure of the cell body or the axon to vincristine. Initial dose-finding studies identified a dose of vincristine that showed differential effects on cell death when delivered to either the cell body or the axonal compartment. At this dose of 0.05 microM, exposure of the cell bodies had no effect on the growth of axons, whereas addition of vincristine to the axonal compartment caused axonal shortening without affecting the growth of unexposed 'sister' axons. Toxicity was seen only with exposure of the growing axonal tips. These data support localized axonal toxicity as a cause of distal axonal degeneration due to vincristine.
The Rules of the Road: Federal Common Law and Aiding and Abetting under the Alien Tort Claims Act (2003)

When California-based oil giant Unocal entered into a joint venture with the French oil company Total and the Burmese military dictatorship in 1992, Unocal's security consulting company, Control Risks, warned that the project would give rise to human rights violations in the pipeline region:Throughout Burma the government habitually makes use of forced labour to construct roads....The local community is already terrorized: it will regard outsiders apparently backed by the army with extreme suspicion.... [T]he potential profits will need to be unusually high to justify the high political risks involved in expanding the company's operations .... "I Despite these precautions, Unocal entered into a joint venture to develop the gas pipeline from the Andaman Sea, across the Tennarasim region of Burma, to Thailand.Unocal relied upon the Burmese military for security and support services.Tragically, the military, consistent with its reputation, engaged in a reign of terror involving forced labor, rape, and murder.Unocal knew the military was engaging in these activities, but did nothing to stop them, and instead, profited from their commission.These allegations form the heart of the plaintiffs' claims in " The authors thank Professor William Aceves
MEMS and their applications in optical signal processing and beamforming for phased array antennas (2002)

A fast analogue phase-only SLM has been developed from MEMS technology. This device has been developed primarily for its speed and currently operates at 30 kHz. It has potential applications in many optical signal processing systems, the optical beamformer for the control of phased array antennas being the first to benefit.
Carrier-envelope frequency stabilization of a Ti:Sapphire oscillator using different pump lasers (2013)

Summary form only given. Among the various femtosecond laser oscillators that are commonly used as optical frequency combs in a wide range of fields, Ti:sapphire oscillators offer the advantage of operating at the highest repetition rates, supporting the shortest pulses with octave-spanning spectra directly from the laser, and exhibiting very low residual frequency noise due to the high quality factor of their resonators. However, they require a pump laser with excellent beam quality emitting around 532nm and show inferior performance when operated with nonideal pump laser. Recently, several cost-efficient alternative pump lasers with smaller footprints than the most commonly used bulky and costly frequency-doubled single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) lasers became commercially available.In an initial set of measurements [1], we characterized and compared the performance of a carrier-envelope frequency stabilized femtosecond Ti:sapphire oscillator when pumped by four different pump lasers: a frequency-doubled multi-longitudinal-mode (MLM) DPSS laser with active noise cancellation (Lighthouse Photonics Sprout G-10W NET), a frequency-doubled MLM optically pumped semiconductor laser (OPSL, Coherent Verdi G5) and two frequency-doubled SLM DPSS lasers (Coherent Verdi V10, Coherent Verdi V5). The carrier-envelope frequency f0 of the oscillator was stabilized by means of the f-to-2f self-referencing technique, and the residual phase noise of the stabilized oscillator was measured with a second identical f-to-2f interferometer outside the feedback loop. The best performance of the oscillator obtained with each pump laser is shown in Fig. 1. We found an integrated rms residual phase jitter of below 160mrad for all tested pump lasers, which is less than 1/40 of an optical cycle and amounts to an rms timing jitter of less than 70as.The relative intensity noise (RIN) of the pump lasers was also measured. While showing certain signatures that could be traced in the residual phase jitter, the RIN was found to be low enough to enable stabilization of f0 in all cases. We found both SLM and both MLM pump lasers under test to be suitable for carrier-envelope frequency stabilization. More recent results obtained with additional pump sources that were not available in the first study will be presented.
Analysis of probabilistic roadmaps for path planning (1998)

We provide an analysis of a path planning method which uses probabilistic roadmaps. This method has proven very successful in practice, but the theoretical understanding of its performance is still limited. Assuming that a path /spl gamma/ exists between two configurations a and b of the robot, we study the dependence of the failure probability to connect a and b, on: 1) the length of /spl gamma/; 2) the distance function of /spl gamma/ from the obstacles; 3) the number of nodes N of the probabilistic roadmap constructed. Importantly, our results do not depend strongly on local irregularities of the configuration space, as was the case with previous analysis. These results are illustrated with a simple but illuminating example. In this example, we provide estimates for N, the principal parameter of the method, in order to achieve failure probability within prescribed bounds. We also compare, through this example, the different approaches to the analysis of the planning method.
Dividing To Unveil Protein Microheterogeneities: Traveling Wave Ion Mobility Study (2011)

Overexpression of a protein in a foreign host is often the only route toward an exhaustive characterization, especially when purification from the natural source(s) is hardly achievable. The key issue in these studies relies on quality control of the purified recombinant protein to precisely determining its identity as well as any undesirable microheterogeneities. While standard proteomics approaches preclude unbiased search for modifications, the optional technique of top-down tandem mass spectrometry (MSMS) requires the use of highly accurate and highly resolved experiments to reveal subtle sequence modifications. In the present study, the top-down MSMS approach combined with traveling wave ion mobility (TWIM) separation was evaluated for its ability to achieve high sequence coverage and to reveal subtle microheterogeneities that were hitherto only accessible with Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance-MS instruments. The power of this approach is herein illustrated in an in-depth analysis of both the wild type and K496C variant of the recombinant X domain (XD; aa's 459-507) of the measles virus phosphoprotein expressed in Escherichia coli . Using top-down MSMS combined with TWIM, we show that XD samples occasionally exhibit a microheterogeneity that could not be anticipated from the nucleotide sequence of the encoding constructs and that likely reflects a genetic drift, neutral or not, occurring during expression. In addition, a 1-oxyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-δ3-pyrroline-3-methyl methanethiosulfonate nitroxide probe that was grafted onto the K496C XD variant was shown to undergo oxidation and/or protonation in the electrospray ionization source, leading to artifactual mass increases.
A comparison of optical damage in different types of LiNbO3waveguides (1989)

A comparative study is presented of the optical damage induced by green light in LiNbO3 waveguides prepared by Ti in-diffusion, proton exchange and ion implantation. The methods used were monitoring the out-coupled light power as a function of time and as a function of in-coupled power, and writing and erasing a holographic grating inside the guide. With the first method, the optical damage stability of Ti-diffused guides is greatly inferior to the other two types, optical damage appearing at in-coupled intensities of 6 W cm-2 in Ti-diffused guides but not until 500 W cm-2 in exchanged and implanted guides. With the holographic method, however, a similar photorefractive behaviour is observed for diffused and implanted guides which contain similar levels of Fe2+ impurities, whereas much less damage is apparent in proton-exchanged guides. Main photorefractive parameters are given for the three types of guides and their physical implications briefly discussed.
Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Endoscopic Management of Peripancreatic Fluid Collections (2022)

Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided intervention has gradually become a standard treatment for peripancreatic fluid collections (PFCs). However, it is difficult to popularize the procedure in Korea because of restrictions on insurance claims regarding the use of endoscopic accessories, as well as the lack of standardized Korean clinical practice guidelines. The Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (appointed a Task Force to develope medical guidelines by referring to the manual for clinical practice guidelines development prepared by the National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency. Previous studies on PFCs were searched, and certain studies were selected with the help of experts. Then, a set of key questions was selected, and treatment guidelines were systematically reviewed. Answers to these questions and recommendations were selected via peer review. This guideline discusses endoscopic management of PFCs and makes recommendations on indication for the procedure, pre-procedural preparations, optimal approach for drainage, procedural considerations (e.g., types of stent, advantages and disadvantages of plastic and metal stents, and accessories), adverse events of endoscopic intervention, and procedural quality issues. This guideline was reviewed by external experts and suggests best practices recommended based on the evidence available at the time of preparation. This will be revised as necessary to address advances and changes in technology and evidence obtained in clinical practice and future studies.
Anosmia in Case of COVID-19 Patients: Dilemmas Faced in Neurotrauma Care (2021)

The new coronavirus (COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2) and the associated pandemic is continuously presenting new challenges, and with a growing body of evidence, multiple clinical settings have been created for the neurosurgeons.[1] Inflammation and demyelination are two pathobiological mechanisms resulting from the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 into the central nervous system (CNS).[2] [3] Although cranial nerve involvement was not mentioned in the first reports, in the weeks after the pandemic, it was clinically characterized that patients with COVID-19 can develop anosmia.[4] [5] This demonstrates the neuroinvasive potential of this unusual pathogen.[6]
Globus Pallidus Interna or Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease (2018)

Both GPi and STN DBS provide similar, consistent, marked motor benefits, but subtle target differences exist. Target selection should be tailored to each patient's clinical presentation, neuropsychiatric profile, and goals of surgery, allowing customization of this therapy and improved individual outcomes.
Phosphopeptide dissociation from micellar calcium phosphate preparations does not induce crystallinity (1989)

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A “boxes in fibers” strategy to construct a necklace-like conductive network for high-rate and high-loading lithium–sulfur batteries (2020)

Following a “boxes in fibers” strategy, a 3D conductive network is constructed by necklace-like N-doped carbon nanofibers with carbon nanoboxes and TiC as an efficient sulfur host, showing excellent performance even under high-rate and high-loading.
Lateral control of autonomous vehicle by yaw rate feedback (2002)

In an autonomous vehicle, the reference lane is continually detected by a machine vision system. Then the vehicle is steered to follow the reference yaw rates which are generated by the deviations of lateral distance and the yaw angle between the vehicle and the reference lane. To cope with the steering delay and the side-slip of a vehicle, a PI controller is introduced for the yaw rate feedback. It is tuned by the simulation that the vehicle is modeled as 2 DOF and 79 DOF and verified by the results of the actual vehicle test. The lateral control algorithm by the yaw rate feedback has good performance of lane tracking and passenger comfort.