gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia possible origin from a mediastinal germ cell tumor (1984)

The case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia developing shortly after the diagnosis and treatment of a mediastinal germ cell tumor, is reported. The close temporal relationship of these two rare diseases and the presence of a population of mononuclear cells with features of lymphoblasts in the resected germ cell tumor, suggest that the leukemic process originated from the mediastinal tumor.
Activation of Cutaneous Protein Kinase Cα Induces Keratinocyte Apoptosis and Intraepidermal Inflammation by Independent Signaling Pathways (2003)

Skin keratinocytes are major mediators of host immune responses. The skin is also a target for immunologically based inflammation in many pathological states. Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) can induce cutaneous inflammation, but the precise role of each of six cutaneous PKC isoforms (alpha, delta, epsilon, eta, zeta, mu) that regulate normal skin homeostasis or contribute to skin pathology has not been clarified. We generated transgenic mice that overexpress PKCalpha in the basal layer of the epidermis and the outer root sheath of hair follicles under the regulation of the bovine keratin 5 promoter. K5-PKCalpha transgenic mice exhibit severe intraepidermal neutrophilic inflammation and disruption of the epidermis and upper hair follicles when treated topically with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Both TPA and UVB cause apoptosis in transgenic skin, but only TPA evokes intraepidermal inflammation. TPA also induces apoptosis in cultured transgenic keratinocytes, and this is prevented by an AP-1 dominant-negative construct. However, inhibiting AP-1 in vivo does not abrogate intraepidermal inflammation. Transcripts for specific cytokines and chemokines are elevated in TPA-treated cultured transgenic keratinocytes, and conditioned culture medium from these cells promotes neutrophil migration in vitro. Chemokine expression and neutrophil migration are not diminished by inhibiting AP-1. Thus, PKCalpha activation induces keratinocyte apoptosis via an AP-1-dependent pathway and mediates chemokine induction and intraepidermal inflammation independently. This model system will be useful to define specific chemokines regulated by PKCalpha that promote intraepidermal neutrophilic inflammation, a condition that characterizes several human cutaneous diseases such as pustular psoriasis and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis.
Startup and Load-Following Transients of a Thermoelectric Space Reactor System with No Single Point Failure (2005)

A space Nuclear Reactor Power System (NRPS) has been developed for avoidance of a single point failure in reactor cooling and energy conversion. The Sectored Compact Reactor (SCoRe) in this system is lithium-cooled and the reactor core is divided into six equal sectors with liquid metal heat pipes dividers. These sectors are neutronically, but not thermal-hydraulically, coupled. Each sector has its own primary and secondary circulating lithium loops, which are thermally coupled both in a SiGe Power Conversion Assembly (PCA) and in a Thermoelectric Conversion Assembly (TAC) that powers the electromagnetic pumps in the primary and secondary loops. Each secondary loop also has a separate, segmented radiator panel that is optimized for low specific mass and low liquid lithium inventory. The primary loops transport the thermal power generated in the reactor by fission in 1026 UN fuel pins (or 171 fuel pins per sector) to 6 PCAs that nominally supply a total of 111.5 kWe to the load at 450 VDC. A Dynamic simulation Model (DynMo-TE) has been developed and used to investigate the transient operation of the SCoRe-TE NRPS during startup from a fully-thawed condition initially at 600 K, to nominal steady-state operation at which the lithium coolant exits the reactor at only 1179 K. Also investigated is the response of the SCoRe-TE NRPS, following a 50% change in the electrical load demand.
Timing Recovery Loop Delay Compensation by Optimal Loop Gains (2006)

Future data storage systems must cope with higher densities and lower signal-to-noise ratios. Decision-aided timing recovery loops will likely need a longer delay in the sequence detector to make reliable bit decisions. Loop delay degrades the dynamics of the phase-locked loop (PLL). In this paper we present a process to determine optimal gains for PLL with delay assuming that the timing drift is well modeled by a second order random walk. Simulation shows that the loss of lock rate from the proposed method is similar to the delay compensation method in [1, 2], with both approaches offering much lower loss of lock rates than conventional PLL without delay compensation. The simulation also shows there is an optimal delay. Method in [1, 2] adds components to the PLL, whereas no extra hardware is needed for the proposed method.
Circulating Immune Complexes and Complement Activation in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (1978)

We evaluated 20 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and seven controls with extrahepatic biliary obstruction for presence of circulating immune complexes, having found serologic evidence of alternate complement-pathway activation in eight of the 20. Immune complexes were isolated by cryoprecipitation from serum and measured directly by the sensitive Raji-cell radioimmunoassay. Cryoproteins, found in high concentrations in 90 per cent of the patients with cirrhosis but undetectable in the controls, were composed of IgM (60 per cent), IgG-IgM (25 per cent) and IgA-IgM (5 per cent) and were capable of activating the complement system in vitro. Immune complexes detected by the Raji assay were found in 95 per cent of the patients with cirrhosis and circulated in exceedingly high concentrations (474 microgram per milliliter; range, 16.2 to 2192) but were absent in the controls. Furthermore, the alternate complement pathway was activated in eight cirrhotic patients. These complement-fixing immune complexes differ from immune complexes isolated from other types of liver diseases and may be important in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis.
Stack filters (1986)

The median and other rank-order operators possess two properties called the threshold decomposition and the stacking properties. The first is a limited superposition property which leads to a new architecture for these filters; the second is an ordering property which allows an efficient VLSI implementation of the threshold decomposition architecture. Motivated by the success of rank-order filters in a wide variety of applications and by the ease with which they can now be implemented, we consider in this paper a new class of filters called stack filters. They share the threshold decomposition and stacking properties of rank-order filters but are otherwise unconstrained. They are shown to form a very large class of easily implemented nonlinear filters which includes the rank-order operators as well as all compositions of morphological operators. The convergence properties of these filters are investigated using techniques similar to those used to determine root signal behavior of median filters. The results obtained include necessary conditions for a stack filter to preserve monotone regions or edges in signals. The output distribution for these filters is also found. All the stack filters of window width 3 are determined along with their convergence properties. Among these filters are found two which we have named asymmetric median filters. They share all the properties of median filters except that they remove impulses of one sign only; that is, one removes only positive going edges, the other removes only negative going edges, while the median filter removes impulses of both signs. This investigation of the properties of stack filters thus produces several new, useful, and easily implemented filters.
Objective Measurement of Walking Activity Using Wearable Technologies in People with Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review (2022)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease with a multitude of disease variations including motor and non-motor symptoms. Quality of life and symptom management may be improved with physical activity. Due to technological advancement, development of small new wearable devices recently emerged and allowed objective measurement of walking activity in daily life. This review was specifically designed to synthesize literature on objective walking activity measurements using wearable devices of patients with PD. Inclusion criteria included patients with a diagnosis of PD and exclusion criteria included studies using animal models or mixed syndromes. Participants were not required to undergo any type of intervention and the studies must have reported at least one output that quantifies daily walking activity. Three databases were systematically searched with no limitation on publication date. Twenty-six studies were eligible and included in the systematic review. The most frequently used device was the ActiGraph GT3X which was used in 10 studies. Duration of monitoring presented a range from 8 h to one year. Nevertheless, 11 studies measured walking activity during a 7-day period. On-body sensor wearing location differed throughout the included studies showing eight positions, with the waist, ankle, and wrist being the most frequently used locations. The main procedures consisted of measurement of walking hours during a 2-day period or more, equipped with a triaxial accelerometer at the dominant hip or ankle. It is also important for further research to take care of different factors such as the population, their pathology, the period, and the environment.
Isolation and cloning of a novel population of stem cells from adult pancreas for the generation of β-cells (2004)

It is known that various postnatal tissues including the brain, muscle and bone-marrow contain multipotent stem cells. The aim of this study was to develop a method for the isolation and expansion of adult pancreatic stem cells (APSCs) from mouse pancreas and study whether they can give rise to insulin-producing cells.
Identification of Azole-Responsive Genes by Microarray Technology: Why Are We Missing the Efflux Transporter Genes? (2001)

We read with interest the recent important study by Backer et al. ([2][1]). The authors reported for the first time the genome-wide gene expression pattern in Candida albicans in response to subinhibitory concentrations of an azole (itraconazole). The duration of exposure to itraconazole in the
The Efficacy and Benefits of Transcatheter Arterial Embolization (TAE) in Patients with Blunt Splenic Injury (2000)

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and benefits of transcatheter arterial embolization(TAE) in patients with blunt splenic injury after blunt abdominal trauma Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results of transcatheter arterial embolization in 23 patients who suffered splenic injury after blunt abdominal trauma. Fourteen of the patients were male, and 9 were female; 13 were adults, and 10 were children. Transcatheter arterial embolization was performed in patients with hypotension, tachycardia, evidence of hemodynamic instability due, for example, to low levels of Hgb and Hct, or those who needed fluid therapy or blood transfusion. After embolization the patients ’progress was monitored by CT scanning, abdominal sonography, or -sulfur colloid scintigraphy. Results: The degree of splenic injury was classified according to the system devised by Mirvis et al.; nine cases were CT grade Ⅲ, and 14 were grade Ⅳ. After demonstrating angiographically the site of contrast leakage, embolization was performed; for this, a coil only was used in 16 cases, gelfoam only in four, and both coil and gelfoam in three. There were three sites of vascular embolization: 16 procedures were performed in the proxi-mal part of the main trunk of the splenic artery, four in a superselected branch of this same artery, and three in both the splenic artery and one of its superselected branches. Of the 23 cases, 18 recovered without splenectomy after embolization, three adult patients died from coexisting conditions (spinal or cerebral injuries, liver cir-rhosis, or pelvic bone fracture) or complications(acute renal failure or disseminated intravascular coagulation). Due to co-existing pancreatic and mesenteric vessel injury, two of the adult patients who underwent TAE also underwent delayed surgery; intraoperatively, there was no evidence of splenic rebleeding. In all patients who did not undergo surgery, follow-up observation revealed a decreased volume of hemoperitoneum, increased uptake of radionuclide in the spleen, and no evidence of rebleeding. Conclusion: Transcatheter angiography and arterial embolization in patients with splenic injuries who showed hemodynamic instability and a high CT grade is a non-surgical approach that can achieve early hemostasis and hemodynamic stability. Another benefit of this procedure is the preservation of splenic function.
Enzymatic Carbon Dioxide Capture (2012)

In the past decade, the capture of anthropic carbonic dioxide and its storage or transformation have emerged as major tasks to achieve, in order to control the increasing atmospheric temperature of our planet. One possibility rests on the use of carbonic anhydrase enzymes, which have been long known to accelerate the hydration of neutral aqueous CO 2 molecules to ionic bicarbonate species. In this paper, the principle underlying the use of these enzymes is summarized. Their main characteristics, including their structure and catalysis kinetics, are presented. A special section is next devoted to the main types of CO 2 capture reactors under development, to possibly use these enzymes industrially. Finally, the possible application of carbonic anhydrases to directly store the captured CO 2 as inert solid carbonates deserves a review presented in a final section.
Low Power Wearable Audio Player Using Human Body Communications (2006)

This paper presents a prototype wearable audio player system to playback the digital audio signal transmitted through the wearer's body without any wire. To significantly reduce the power consumption of the digital audio transmission, the system exploits a novel wideband signaling human body communication scheme. The transceiver chip designed, fabricated, and assembled on the prototype system shows 5-mW power consumption at 2-Mb/s data rate, better than the Bluetooth transceiver. Real-time audio playing through the human body is successfully demonstrated.
Supplementary Methods from Overt Increase of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Murine and Human Colitis and Colitis-Associated Neoplasia (2023)

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Model Makers (2011)

Planning studies are conducted both to incorporate design modifications to the transmission and distribution system and to ensure continued reliable operation of the system. Validated PV system models are required to account for the effect of existing PV generation, evaluate the potential impact of proposed projects, and assess technical options for integrating even larger PV generation capacity in the future. There is a need to improve PV system models used for all four aspects of distribution and transmission system planning: power flow, dynamic, short-circuit, and transient. Planning models need to be more accessible to meet technical and process requirements of the interconnection and regional planning processes. Some industry efforts are under way, notably by the WECC, to address gaps in PV system modeling. Further progress will require continued support by utilities, manufacturers, and software developers.
Observation of Spin-Triplet Superconductivity in Co-Based Josephson Junctions (2010)

We have measured a long-range supercurrent in Josephson junctions containing Co (a strong ferromagnetic material) when we insert thin layers of either PdNi or CuNi weakly ferromagnetic alloys between the Co and the two superconducting Nb electrodes. The critical current in such junctions hardly decays for Co thicknesses in the range of 12-28 nm, whereas it decays very steeply in similar junctions without the alloy layers. The long-range supercurrent is controllable by the thickness of the alloy layer, reaching a maximum for a thickness of a few nm. These experimental observations provide strong evidence for induced spin-triplet pair correlations, which have been predicted to occur in superconducting-ferromagnetic hybrid systems in the presence of certain types of magnetic inhomogeneity.
Findings of the Third Workshop on Neural Generation and Translation (2019)

This document describes the findings of the Third Workshop on Neural Generation and Translation, held in concert with the annual conference of the Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP 2019). First, we summarize the research trends of papers presented in the proceedings. Second, we describe the results of the two shared tasks 1) efficient neural machine translation (NMT) where participants were tasked with creating NMT systems that are both accurate and efficient, and 2) document-level generation and translation (DGT) where participants were tasked with developing systems that generate summaries from structured data, potentially with assistance from text in another language.
Dynamic Shear Deformation of a Precipitation Hardened Al0.7CoCrFeNi Eutectic High-Entropy Alloy Using Hat-Shaped Specimen Geometry (2020)

Lamellar eutectic structure in Al<sub>0.7</sub>CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) is emerging as a promising candidate for structural applications because of its high strength-ductility combination. The alloy consists of a fine-scale lamellar <i>fcc</i> + B2 microstructure with high flow stresses > 1300 MPa under quasi-static tensile deformation and >10% ductility. The response to shear loading was not investigated so far. This is the first report on the shear deformation of a eutectic structured HEA and effect of precipitation on shear deformation. A split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was used to compress the hat-shaped specimens to study the local dynamic shear response of the alloy. The change in the width of shear bands with respect to precipitation and deformation rates was studied. The precipitation of L1<sub>2</sub> phase did not delay the formation of adiabatic shear bands (ASB) or affect the ASB width significantly, however, the deformed region around ASB, consisting of high density of twins in <i>fcc</i> phase, was reduced from 80 µm to 20 µm in the stronger precipitation strengthened condition. We observe dynamic recrystallization of grains within ASBs and local mechanical response of individual eutectic lamellae before and after shear deformation and within the shear bands was examined using nano-indentation.
The Propargyl Rearrangement to Functionalised Allyl‐Boron and Borocation Compounds (2016)

A diverse range of Lewis acidic alkyl, vinyl and aryl boranes and borenium compounds that are capable of new carbon-carbon bond formation through selective migratory group transfer have been synthesised. Utilising a series of heteroleptic boranes [PhB(C6 F5 )2 (1), PhCH2 CH2 B(C6 F5 )2 (2), and E-B(C6 F5 )2 (C6 F5 )C=C(I)R (R=Ph 3 a, nBu 3 b)] and borenium cations [phenylquinolatoborenium cation ([QOBPh][AlCl4 ], 4)], it has been shown that these boron-based compounds are capable of producing novel allyl- boron and boronium compounds through complex rearrangement reactions with various propargyl esters and carbamates. These reactions yield highly functionalised, synthetically useful boron substituted organic compounds with substantial molecular complexity in a one-pot reaction.
Catalytic Depolymerization of Organosolv Lignin in a Novel Water/Oil Emulsion Reactor: Lignin as the Self-Surfactant (2015)

A novel and efficient water/oil emulsion reactor for organosolv lignin depolymerization is presented using an ionic liquid catalyst based on the self-surfactivity of lignin. The physical–chemical properties of the emulsion reactor and lignin were intensively studied using optical photo, dynamic light scattering, surface tension measurement, and hydrophile–lipophile balance value determination. The results show that the emulsion reactor demonstrates a more significant process intensification effect on lignin depolymerization, with more than 29.60 mg g–1 desired phenolic compounds obtained, which is about 3.3 times higher than that from a reactor without emulsification. Another advantage of this water/oil emulsion reactor is that both the organic solvent (n-butanol) and the ionic liquid catalyst can be recycled easily, as the depletion of lignin surfactant at the end of depolymerization can result in the phase partition and the enrichment of final products in the oil phase automatically.
Planning for V&V of the Mars Science Laboratory rover software (2004)

NASA's Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover mission is planning to make use of advanced software technologies in order to support fulfillment of its ambitious science objectives. The mission plans to adopt the mission data system (MDS) as the mission software architecture, and plans to make significant use of on-board autonomous capabilities (e.g., path planning, obstacle avoidance) for the rover software. The use of advanced software technologies embedded in advance mission software architecture represents a turning point in software for space missions. While prior flight experiments (notably the deep space one remote agent experiment) have successfully demonstrated aspects of autonomy enabled by advanced software technologies, and MDS has been tested in ground experiments (e.g., on-earth tests on rover hardware), MSL is the first science mission to rely on this combination. The success of the MSL mission is predicated upon our ability to adequately verify and validate the advanced software technologies, the MDS architectural elements, and the integrated system as a whole. Because MSL is proposing a shift from traditional approaches to flight software, approaches to verification and validation (V&V) require scrutiny to determine whether traditional methods are adequate, and where they need adjustment and/or augmentation to handle the new challenges. This work presents a study of the V&V needs and opportunities associated with MSL's novel approach to mission software, and provides an assessment of V&V techniques, both current and emerging, vis-a-vis their adequacy and suitability for V&V of the MSL rover software.
[Minimal invasive cardiac surgery using port-access method in elderly patients]. (2005)

Cardiac surgery in elderly patients are increasing in recent years. From October 1997 to December 2004, we operated on 163 patients with port-access cardiac surgery, of whom 5 were over 70 years old (elderly group) and 158 were 16-69 years old (young group). The patients were 91 with atrial septal defect (ASD), 64 with mitral valve disease, 2 with coronary artery disease (coronary artery bypass grafting : CABG), and 10 with other (ventricular septal defect : VSD, myxoma et al.). This report presents result of port-access cardiac surgery in elderly patients. No significant difference was found between 2 groups in extracorporeal time, aortic clamp time, postoperative intubation period and postoperative hospital stay. However, the transfusion rate in mitral valve lesion were higher in elderly patient (100%) than in younger ones (18%). In conclusion, it seems that port-access cardiac surgery was to be a useful for elderly patient though contraindications were accepted such as peripheral arteriosclerosis and calcification of aorta.