gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combined Heat Transfer in a Semitransparent Multilayer Packed Bed (1988)

Combined radiative, conductive, and forced convective heat transfer through a packed bed composed of two spectrally dissimilar slabs of particles is analyzed on the basis of the two-flux model. Taking into account the variation of absorption and scattering of the layers in the visible and infrared spectral ranges, the selectivity of such a system is proved theoretically. Experiments are run using a bed composed of glass and silicon carbide particles as a solar absorber for gas heating. Good agreement is shown in the comparison of predictions with experimental data.
MFSC: A new shape descriptor with robustness to deformations (2013)

In this paper, we propose a new shape descriptor, Multi-scale Fuzzy Shape Context (MFSC), highlighted by its robustness to deformations. A novel multi-scale fuzzy model is presented and applied on the widely used shape descriptor Shape Context to generate MFSC. The multi-scale fuzzy model can handle shape deformations of different scales, which makes MFSC robust to various deformations. Experiments on an articulated shape dataset demonstrate performance improvement gained by MFSC over existing methods. We also applied MFSC on a real-world application, Content-Based Product Image Retrieval, and the experimental results further validate its effectiveness. We make our code and experimental data publicly available for future reference.
Cheiro-pedal syndrome following pontine infarction (2005)

We report the case of a 64-year-old man with sudden onset of numbness in the right hand and foot. Neurological examinations were normal except for hypersthesia, and hyperalgesia of the right hand and foot. Brain MRI demonstrated a high signal intensity on T2-weighted image and a low signal intensity on T1-weighted image in the left tegmetum of the pons. He was diagnosed with pontine infarction presenting with cheiro-pedal syndrome (CPS). Damage in the sensory pathways can cause CPS. Difference in the threshold may explain the specific sensory pattern in this syndrome. Further examination of the relationship between sensory symptoms and localization on MRI is needed to clarify this syndrome.
Sidelobe reduction in optical signal processing (1993)

A general procedure is introduced for sidelobe and noise reduction in optical or digital signal processing. Specific examples of sidelobe reduction in imaging are presented. It is demonstrated that the new method provides superior spatial resolution to previously proposed sidelobe-reduction techniques.
Targeting CK2 for cancer therapy (2005)

Protein kinase CK2 is a highly ubiquitous and conserved protein serine/threonine kinase that has been found to be involved not only in cell growth and proliferation, but also in suppression of apoptosis. CK2 is capable of dynamic intracellular shuttling in response to a variety of signals. It is localized in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in normal cells, but is particularly predominant in the nuclear compartment in cancer cells. CK2 has been found to be uniformly dysregulated in all the cancers that have been examined. Downregulation of CK2 by chemical or molecular methods promotes apoptosis in cells. We have shown that antisense CK2alpha is particularly potent in inducing apoptosis in cancer cells in culture as well as in xenograft models of cancer such as prostate cancer and squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck. The antisense CK2alpha oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) mediates tumor cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner such that at an appropriate concentration of the antisense, a complete resolution of the xenograft tumor is observed. Interestingly, normal and benign cells (in culture as well as in vivo) demonstrate a relative resistance to the antisense CK2alpha ODN treatment, which raises the possibility of a significant therapeutic window for this therapy. Further, novel approaches such as the delivery of antisense CK2alpha ODN encapsulated in sub-50-nm tenascin nanocapsules have become available for its targeting specifically in cancer cells. Our studies minimize generally held concerns regarding suitability of CK2 as a target for cancer therapy and provide the first encouraging results for potential future application of this approach for cancer therapy.
Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak through the Posterior Aspect of the Petrous Bone (2011)

See also: Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak through the Posterior Aspect of the Petrous BoneJ Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2012; 73(01): 071-075DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1304560
Notizen: Die Kristall- und Molekülstruktur von Trischwefeldistickstoffdioxyd, S3N2O2 (1961)

und H e i n k e 1 konnte eine Verbindung der Zusammensetzung S3N20 2 dargestellt werden. Die Konstitution dieses Trischwefeldistickstoffdioxyds war jedoch nicht vllig geklrt. Sie wurde nun mittels Rntgenstruktur-Analyse bestimmt. Die fr die Rntgenaufnahmen verwendeten Kristalle wurden durch Umkristallisieren der Substanz aus Ben zol erhalten. S3N20 2 kristallisiert monoklin, in der Raumgruppe C2h6 -C 2/c. (Systematische Auslschun gen: hkl fr h-fl = 2 n + l, 0kl fr k = 2 n + 1.) Die Gitterkonstanten sind: a = 6,84, b = 4,56, c = 16,52, y? = 97. Mit 4 Formeleinheiten in der Elementarzelle errechnet sich eine Dichte von 2,01 g/cm3. Die aus den Weissenberg -Aufnahmen um die b-Achse (k = 0 -4) mit Mo-Strahlung erhaltenen Inten sitten wurden visuell geschtzt und in der blichen Weise korrigiert. Die Struktur ergab sich aus 2-und 3dimensionalen Patterson -und aus 2-und 3-dimensionalen Fourier-Synthesen. Das Molekl (I) ist
Temperature-dependent optical and vibrational properties of PtSe2 thin films (2020)

PtSe<sub>2</sub> has received substantial research attention because of its intriguing physical properties and potential practical applications. In this paper, we investigated the optical properties of bilayer and multilayer PtSe<sub>2</sub> thin films through spectroscopic ellipsometry over a spectral range of 0.73-6.42 eV and at temperatures between 4.5 and 500 K. At room temperature, the spectra of refractive index exhibited several anomalous dispersion features below 1000 nm and approached a constant value in the near-infrared frequency range. The thermo-optic coefficients of bilayer and multilayer PtSe<sub>2</sub> thin films were (4.31 ± 0.04) × 10<sup>-4</sup>/K and (-9.20 ± 0.03) × 10<sup>-4</sup>/K at a wavelength of 1200 nm. Analysis of the optical absorption spectrum at room temperature confirmed that bilayer PtSe<sub>2</sub> thin films had an indirect band gap of approximately 0.75 ± 0.01 eV, whereas multilayer PtSe<sub>2</sub> thin films exhibited semimetal behavior. The band gap of bilayer PtSe<sub>2</sub> thin films increased to 0.83 ± 0.01 eV at 4.5 K because of the suppression of electron-phonon interactions. Furthermore, the frequency shifts of Raman-active E<sub>g</sub> and A<sub>1g</sub> phonon modes of both thin films in the temperature range between 10 and 500 K accorded with the predictions of the anharmonic model. These results provide basic information for the technological development of PtSe<sub>2</sub>-based optoelectronic and photonic devices at various temperatures.
Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties of Newly Tetrapyrazinoporphyrazine Containing Gadolinium(III) Acetate (2023)

A new tetrakis-(2-methylpyrazino)porphyrazinato gadolinium(III) acetate complex was synthesized. Elemental analysis, Fourier-Transform Infrared, Ultraviolet-visible, and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques clarified its structure. It can dissolve very well without aggregation in both Dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-Dimethylformamide, which have high dielectric constant and high dipole moment from polar aprotic solvent type. Its aggregation property was also investigated in dimethyl sulfoxide at different concentrations, and it was determined to contain monomeric species. In addition, its fluorescence properties were investigated in Dimethyl sulfoxide and the effect of gadolinium(III) acetate metal ion as a heavy rare earth element was determined. According to the findings in this study, it may be used as an electronic and optical material and in various technological applications such as photocatalytic applications. In addition, these findings may be useful for systems that include changes in pyrazinoporphyrazine-like forms.
139 SALT DEPENDENCIES ON LANTHANIDE INDUCED 23Na AND 7Li NMR SHIFTS (1986)

Brown, M. A. Ph.D.; Kubek, R. J. B.S.; McCutchen, W. W.; Ribeiro, A. A. Ph.D.; Spicer, L. D. Ph.D.; Sullivan, D. C. M.D. Author Information
QoS-Aware real-time video encoding How to Improve the User Experience of a Gaming-on-Demand Service (2006)

The advances in multimedia and network technologies have created novel services (e.g. Video-on-Demand, IPTV and Gaming-on-Demand), which set high Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. There are various existing QoS support technologies for networks, but these are used and controlled by network operators and single service providers have no possibility to control the whole end-to-end path from their server to the user. Instead the service providers can use various application level solutions to improve the user-perceived quality of video services. One possibility is to monitor the network status end-to-end and change the video encoding parameters accordingly. This paper considers dynamic video encoding adaptation focusing to improve the user-perceived service quality of a Gaming-on-Demand service, which is a highly demanding interactive multimedia application based on a client-server infrastructure and video streaming.
Structure of "phytic acids" (1969)

Evidence is presented to show that cereal grain phytic acid has the myoinositol hexaorthophosphate structure suggested by Anderson and not the hydrated myoinositol tripyrophosphate structure proposed by Neuberg. DL-Myoinositol 1,6:2,3:4,5-tripyrophosphate which is structurally related to the Neuberg formulation has been prepared. The "phytic acid" fraction from chicken blood has been shown to be predominantly 1,3,4,5,6-myoinositol pentaphosphate. The structures assigned to these compounds have been confirmed by 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance.
REsCue trial: Randomized controlled clinical trial with extended-release calcifediol in symptomatic COVID-19 outpatients (2022)

ERC safely raised serum 25D to ≥50 ng/mL in outpatients with COVID-19, possibly accelerating resolution of respiratory symptoms and mitigating the risk for pneumonia. These findings warrant further study.
Ethnomedical value of Cissampelos pareira extract in experimentally induced diarrhoea. (2004)

The antidiarrhoeal activity of the ethanolic extract of Cissampelos pareira (Menispermaceae) roots was assessed on experimental animals. The hydroethanolic extract (25-100 mg dry extract kg(-1) body mass, p.o.) exhibited a dose dependent decrease in the total number of faecal droppings (control 65, reduced to 26-46) and 29.2-60.0% inhibition in castor oil-induced diarrhoea. Further, C. pareira produced a significant (p < 0.01) and dose dependent reduction in intestinal fluids accumulation (26.0-59.0%). The extract showed a greater inhibitory effect on the concentration of Na+ (20.0 and 34.5%) than on the concentration of K+ (6.7 and 9.4%). The extract also reduced dose dependently the gastrointestinal transit from 46.4 and 38.7%, equivalent to 53.6 and 61.3%. However, C. pareira significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation and inhibited the decrease in antioxidant enzyme levels (superoxide dismutase and catalase) on prior administration to castor oil-induced fluid accumulation. The extract of C. pareira had no effect on normal defecation at 25 mg kg(-1) in mice. However, 50 and 100 mg kg(-1) inhibited defecation by 100% in the initial 2 h and the activity was reduced to 40.0 and 73.0%, respectively, in the third hour.
Age, sex, and specific gene mutations affect the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer. (2020)

e16103 Background: The effect of age and sex on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been controversial, and the effect of specific gene mutations on the prognosis of patients treated with ICIs remains to be explored. Based on detailed clinical and genetic data, this study analyzed the influence of the above factors on the overall survival (OS) of CRC patients after ICI treatment and explored the influencing mechanism of various prognostic factors. Methods: We performed survival prognostic correlation analysis and bioinformatics analysis on the clinical CRC cohort receiving ICIs published by Samstein et al. and the clinical and genetic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-CRC dataset, including immunogenicity and immunosignature analysis, DNA damage response and repair (DDR) pathway analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results: Both clinical characteristics and specific gene mutations may be prognostic factors for ICI treatment in CRC patients. Mutation count &gt; 11 (tumor mutation burden (TMB)-high), age &gt; 65, male, RNF43, CREBBP, NOTCH3, PTCH1, CIC, DNT1, and SPEN mutant (MT) were associated with longer OS, while APC-mMT and TP53-MT were significantly correlated with shorter OS. The reason why protective prognostic markers provide better survival benefits to CRC patients may be related to factors such as higher immunogenicity, highly infiltrated immunoactive cells and active immunoactive pathways. Conclusions: Our study is the first to elucidate comprehensive prognostic factors for the treatment of ICIs in CRC patients, from clinical characteristics such as age and sex to specific gene mutations, providing new ideas for immunotherapy in CRC.
Direct observation of a homoaromatic bishomocyclopentadienide anion (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect observation of a homoaromatic bishomocyclopentadienide anionSaul. Winstein, Michael A. Ogliaruso, M. Sakai, and J. M. NicholsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 14, 3656–3657Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00990a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00990a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simple Fast Algorithms for the Editing Distance between Trees and Related Problems (1989)

Ordered labeled trees are trees in which the left-to-right order among siblings is significant. The distance between two ordered trees is considered to be the weighted number of edit operations (insert, delete, and modify) to transform one tree to another. The problem of approximate tree matching is also considered. Specifically, algorithms are designed to answer the following kinds of questions:1. What is the distance between two trees? 2. What is the minimum distance between $T_1 $ and $T_2 $ when zero or more subtrees can be removed from $T_2 $? 3. Let the pruning of a tree at node n mean removing all the descendants of node n. The analogous question for prunings as for subtrees is answered. A dynamic programming algorithm is presented to solve the three questions in sequential time $O(|T_1 | \times |T_2 | \times \min ({\textit{depth}}(T_1 ),{\textit{leaves}}(T_1 )) \times \min ({\textit{depth}}(T_2 ),{\textit{leaves}}(T_2 )))$ and space $O(|T_1 | \times |T_2 |)$ compared with $O(|T_1 | \times |T_2 | \times ({\textit{depth}}(T_1 ))^2 \times ({\textit{depth}}(T_2 ))^2 )$ for the best previous published algorithm due to Tai [J. Assoc. Comput. Mach., 26 (1979), pp, 422-433]. Further, the algorithm presented here can be parallelized to give time $O(|T_1 | \times |T_2 |)$.
Generation of ultra-compressed solitons with a high tunable wavelength shift in Raman-inactive hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (2013)

The fission of N-solitons is a key mechanism leading to the supercontinuum generation and creation of hyper-compressed pulses and solitons featuring strong wavelength tuning. Recent advances in manufacturing PCFs filled with Raman-inactive gases have motivated the authors to focus on fission driven by the third-order dispersion (TOD), and potential applications of this setting to photonics. In the absence of the Raman-induced self-frequency shift and the Raman-associated noise, fission-produced strongly compressed solitons, once generated, may propagate keeping constant internal frequencies. A higher-order N-soliton is launched into the fiber. If the TOD dispersion is very small, it can be considered as a perturbation added to the second-order dispersion. This leads to a significant increase in the largest fundamental-soliton's peak power and compression degree, along with the increase of the wavelength shift. However, a further increase of TOD dispersion leads to a loss of the peak-power enhancement. For optimal pulse compression and wavelength conversion, a universal optimal value of TOD strength parameter was found. This optimal value is valid for any pulse duration, second- and third-order dispersion coefficients, depending solely on order N of the injected soliton. The optimal pulse-compression degree significantly exceeds previous well-known analytical predictions.
Broadband cloaking and holography with exact boundary conditions (2015)

Broadband cloaking and holography are achieved by creating an exact boundary condition on a surface enclosing an object or free space. A time-recursive, discrete version of the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral predicts the wavefield impinging on the surface, as well as its transmission through an arbitrary embedding or replacement medium. Surface source distributions proportional to the predicted wavefield cancel the incident waves and radiate the desired response. The fields inside and outside the surface can be controlled independently. A two-dimensional numerical example shows that cloaking and holography can be achieved to within numerical precision across the frequency range of the incident radiation.
Intramolecular Complex Formation of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with Human Serum Albumin (2003)

Complexation of human serum albumin (HSA) with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) ranging in molecular weight (M(PNIPA)) from 2.1 x 10(4) to 1.72 x 10(6) was studied in an aqueous system (pH 3) containing NaCl as a supporting salt. Dynamic light scattering, static light scattering, electrophoretic light scattering, and dialyzing techniques were used as the experimental tool in a suitable combination. The measurements were performed mainly at 25 degrees C and at 0.01 M NaCl as a function of mixing ratio (r(m), molar ratio of PNIPA to HSA). The results of DLS and ELS evidently demonstrated the formation of a water-soluble complex through mixing of HSA and PNIPA. A detailed analysis of SLS data with the aid of dialysis data revealed that the resulting complex is an "intramolecular" complex consisting of a PNIPA chain with several of bound HSA molecules. Both hydrodynamic radius (R(h)) and radius gyration (R(g)) of intramolecular complexes decreased as r(m) was increased. This result correlated well to the fact that the number (n) of bound proteins per polymer decreases with increasing r(m). The size and the molar mass of the complex became large depending on M(PNIPA), but the increase of M(PNIPA) led to a decrease in n at r(m) < 1. The increase in NaCl concentration from 0.01 to 0.3 M brought about the increase in the size and the molar mass of an intramolecular HSA-PNIPA complex prepared at r(m) = 1.1. This was found to be due to an increase of n. A similar trend was observed when temperature rose from 25 to 32 degrees C (close to lower critical solution temperature of PNIPA). However, the effect of temperature on the increase of was strong in comparison with that of ionic strength. On the basis of these results obtained, the complexation mechanism was discussed in detail.
Two autolytic processing reactions of a satellite RNA proceed with inversion of configuration (1990)

Both polarities of the satellite RNA of tobacco ringspot virus occur in infected cells in multimeric forms which are capable of autolytic processing, using different sequences and structures [Feldstein, P.A., et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA (1990) 87 (in press)]. These transesterification reactions generate a 2',3'-cyclophosphate and a 5'-hydroxyl as the two new end groups. Cleavage is at a CpA for the (+) polarity RNA and at an ApG for the (-) polarity RNA. We enzymically synthesized oligoribonucleotides with processing capability and with specific 35S-labeled phosphorothioate diesters in the Rp configuration. After processing had occurred, the terminal nucleoside-2',3'-cyclophosphorothioate diester residues were recovered from the appropriate product by digestion with nuclease and phosphatase. Comparisons with specially prepared endo- and exoisomer reference compounds by thin layer chromatography and autoradiography revealed that the [35S]cytidine- and [35S]adenosine-2',3'-cyclophosphorothioate both were endo-isomers. The results are consistent with transesterification occurring by an inline SN2(P) attack of the 2'-hydroxyl group in the autolytic processing reactions of both polarities of the satellite RNA.
Imatinib Reduces the Vasculogenic Potential of Plastic Tumor Cells (2012)

Aggressive tumor cells can obtain the ability to form vascular-like structures that may contribute to blood circulation. This process is referred to as vasculogenic mimicry (VM). The occurrence of VM networks is associated with increased tumor malignancy and poor prognosis. In addition, this process is speculated to contribute to resistance to angiostatic therapy. Various signaling molecules involved in the formation of vasculogenic structures have been identified and phosphorylation events have been shown to be required for VM network formation. Here, we show by microarray analysis that highly aggressive VM positive (VM+) Ewing sarcoma cells show increased expression of c-Kit tyrosine kinase. This result urged us to investigate the effect of the c-Kit targeting compound imatinib (Gleevec®, STI571) on the process of VM. It was found that treatment of VM+ tumor cells with imatinib reduced VM network formation in 3- dimensional cultures on Matrigel and collagen. This diminished capacity to form networks was associated with reduced expression of VE-cadherin and MMP-2, proteins described to be essential for VM, and reduced phosphorylation of EphA2. The data presented here demonstrate the potential of clinically used imatinib as a possible drug to target VM.