gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Severe adverse events during sirolimus “off label” therapy for vascular anomalies (2020)

Objectives: Clinical studies have shown low toxicity and a favorable safety profile for sirolimus in vascular anomalies. Here, we describe severe adverse events (SAEs) observed during “off-label use”. Methods: We performed a retrospective, multicenter chart review for SAEs during “off-label” sirolimus therapy for vascular anomalies and analyzed these cases by a pre-designed workflow. Results: We identified 17 SAEs in 14 patients diagnosed with generalized lymphatic anomaly (n=4), Gorham-Stout disease (n=2), central conducting lymphatic anomaly (n=1), lymphatic malformation (n=4), tufted angioma (n=1), kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (n=1), and venous malformation in a CLOVES syndrome (n=1). Three patients presented two SAEs. The age at initiation of sirolimus therapy was under the age of 2 years (5x), 2 to 6 years (5x) and older than 12 years (4x). SAEs occurred during the first 3 months of sirolimus therapy (7x), between 3 and 12 months (7x) and after one year of therapy (3x). The most frequent SAE was viral pneumonia (8x) resulting in death due to a metapneumovirus infection in a 3 months old and generalized adenovirus infection in a 28 months old child. Sirolimus blood level at the time of SAEs ranged between 2.7 and 21 ng/L. Five patients were on antibiotic prophylaxis during sirolimus therapy. Conclusions: Most SAEs are observed in the first year of sirolimus therapy; however, SAEs can also occur after a longer treatment period. SAEs are potentially life threatening, especially in early infancy. Presence risk factors, i.e. underlying vascular anomaly or immune status, may contribute to the risk of SAEs.
Enantioselective Platinum‐Catalyzed Tandem Hydroarylation– Cycloisomerization of 1,6‐Enynes (2008)

Abstract The platinum(II) chloride/silver hexafluoroantimonate (PtCl 2 /AgSbF 6 ) catalytic system associated with atropisomeric ligand Ph‐BINEPINE promotes a stereoselective tandem hydroarylation (Friedel–Crafts‐type addition) of electron‐rich aromatic and heteroaromatic derivatives to unactivated alkenes followed by a CC bond cyclization reaction ( ee up to 96%). Some evidence shows that the catalytic species responsible for the highest enantiomeric excesses might reasonably be an L 3 Pt 2+ species, L being a monodentate ligand.
Analysis of Market and Non-Market Principles of Access for Wind Generation connection to Active Network Management Schemes (2014)

The growth of renewable generation (and wind generation in particular) in distribution networks has led to the development of Active Network Management (ANM) systems which aim to increase the capacity of renewable and distributed generation (DG) that can connect to distribution networks. One such strategy is generation curtailment where DG is given a non-firm connection under which the network operator instructs the DG unit to reduce its power output under specified conditions and this is practically achieved through the implementation of automatic control in the ANM scheme. The rules which define the order of curtailment are often referred to as Principles of Access (PoA). This paper presents a number of PoA, and using an Optimal Power Flow (OPF) method of analysis, the impact of different PoA and the capacity factors of wind generators are compared. When looking at non-market arrangements; compared with Last In First Off (LIFO), Pro Rata and Rota offer an improved capacity factor for the majority of DG connected in lower priority positions. Market arrangements, conversely, lead to the DG having increased control over whether to participate in curtailment markets and the opportunity to increase revenue. However these arrangements would require a significant change in the way in which distribution networks operate.
Reductant for glutamate synthase in generated by the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in non‐photosynthetic root plastids (1992)

Summary Purified pea root plastids were supplied with glutamine, 2‐oxoglutarate and phosphorylated sugars. Formation of glutamate was linear for 75 min and dependent upon the intactness of the organelle. Glucose‐6‐phosphate and ribose‐5‐phosphate were the most effective substrates in supporting glutamate synthesis. Flux through the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway during glutamate synthesis in purified plastids was followed by monitoring the release of 14 CO 2 from [1‐ 14 C]glucose‐6‐phosphate. 14 CO 2 evolution from C‐1 was dependent upon the presence of both glutamine and 2‐oxoglutarate and could be inhibited by the application of azaserine. The data are discussed in view of the role of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in non‐photosynthetic plastids.
GPS+GLONASS Surveying (1997)

There has been a considerable amount of discussion
recently regarding the feasibility of combining GPS and
the GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (GLONASS) to
provide enhanced performance for surveying
applications. This has been primarily due to the technical
challenges of optimally combining data from the two
dissimilar satellite systems.
We will show that GPS+GLONASS technology can
indeed deliver significant advantages for surveying.
These advantages include dramatic improvements in
satellite availability, solution integrity, and operational
productivity without sacrificing the measurement
accuracy currently achievable with precision GPS
systems. We will present real-world field results based on
data collected using commercially available equipment
which will demonstrate that single-frequency
GPStGLONASS surveying rivals the performance of
more expensive dual-frequency GPS systems in many
operational environments.
ChemInform Abstract: PYRIDAZINOQUINOXALINES. IX. SYNTHESIS AND ANTITUBERCULOSIS ACTIVITY OF PYRIDAZINO(3,4‐B)QUINOXALINE QUATERNARY SALTS AND ANHYDRO BASES (1985)

Abstract Aus dem Pyridazinochinoxalin (I) wird mit Methyliodid unter gleichzeitigem Halogenaustausch das Salz (II) erhalten, das mit den Arylhydrazinen (III) zu den Substitutionsprodukten (IV) und mit Cyanessigsäureester oder Malonitril (V) zu den Anhydrobasen (VI) umgesetzt wird.
In Silico Reagent Design for Electron-Transfer Dissociation on a Q-TOF (2021)

Electron-transfer dissociation is an important technique capable of probing the primary and higher order structure of a wide variety of biomolecules and yielding information that is often inaccessible using other common MS methods. The source of the electron used to initiate the fragmentation event is a radical anion, and the fragmentation process therefore depends intimately on the electronic properties of both the reagent and analyte ions. A good reagent must ionize easily and be sufficiently robust to survive transport to the reaction location, but must also be capable of donating an electron to analyte cations efficiently enough to overcome competition with other ion-ion reaction channels. Inspired by the work of Gunawardena et al. ( <i>J. Am. Chem. Soc.</i> 2005, 127, 12627), an <i>in silico</i> workflow to allow prescreening of potential electron-transfer reagents for use in glow-discharge sources is described. Approximately 150 candidate molecules have been characterized using this workflow. We discuss in detail the properties of a selected subset of singly and doubly substituted benzenes and introduce five effective new reagents that have been identified as a result of this work.
Mode of Action of Herbicides Affecting Carotenogenesis (1996)

Carotenoids (carotenes and xanthophylls) are obligate pigments in the photosynthetic apparatus. They transfer absorbed light to chlorophylls and quench singlet oxygen which otherwise may degrade chlorophyll. Absence of colored carotenoids will lead to bleaching of leaves and death of the plants. Carotenoids have a C40 isoprenoid structure with conjugated double bonds. These are formed by processing phytoene via lycopene into beta-carotene. Inhibition of H-abstraction along this pathway produces non-functional, non-colored precursors. Many of such inhibitors have been developed as herbicides, like norflurazon, diflufenican or sulcotrione. Research on the genetic and molecular level has been addressed to phytoene desaturase. The plant-type gene has been sequenced and mutagenized to produce a herbicide-resistant enzyme. A Japanese group has isolated a gene from the bacterium Erwinia uredovora whose enzyme exhibits a striking resistance to many bleaching herbicides. Transgenic resistant tobacco lines have been engineered.
HIV-1 Gag: Flipped out for PI(4,5)P 2 (2006)

The plasma membrane of virus-infected cells constitutes a barrier to the egress of newly assembled virus particles but also can serve as a platform that viruses use to facilitate their assembly. In the case of HIV-1, virus assembly is driven by the Gag precursor protein, Pr55Gag (1–3), and it has been established for many years that the association of Pr55Gag with the plasma membrane is an essential step in the virus assembly pathway. Less clear are the precise mechanism by which Pr55Gag binds membrane and the identity of host cell components that dictate the specificity of the membrane-binding process. In most cell types, HIV-1 assembly appears to take place primarily at the plasma membrane, although in some cells, including the physiologically relevant macrophage, assembly may occur in intracellular compartments known as multivesicular bodies (MVBs) (4–7). Recent findings indicate that a particular member of the phosphoinositide family of lipids, phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], serves an important function in directing Pr55Gag to the plasma membrane (8). In this issue of PNAS, Saad et al. (9) present evidence for a direct interaction between Gag and PI(4,5)P2 and provide a compelling structural model to help explain the role that PI(4,5)P2 plays in promoting the association of Pr55Gag with the plasma membrane. In a broader context, the proposed model suggests a novel mechanism by which phosphoinositides can help stabilize the association of proteins with cellular membranes.
PPMGNet: A Neural Network Algorithm for Point Cloud 3D Object Detection (2020)

3D object detection based on point cloud data is an essential part of L4 automatic driving. This paper proposes a novel end-to-end trainable deep learning network structure, PPMGNet, which can quickly encode point clouds, obtain the spatial feature of point clouds, predict multiple categories, and perform 3D object detection in real time. A large number of experiments show that in terms of speed and accuracy, PPMGNet's detection performance is very suitable for direct deployment in autonomous driving applications.
Combined multiphoton microscopy and somatostatin receptor type 2 imaging of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (2023)

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are a rare but increasingly more prevalent cancer with heterogeneous clinical and pathological expression. Surgery is the preferred treatment for most PNETs, but existing intraoperative localization imaging techniques have poor tumor contrast and resolution. Our work tests the suitability of combined somatostatin receptor imaging (SRI) and multiphoton microscopy (MPM) for localizing PNETs, combining the labeled technique of SRI with the label-free technique of MPM for enhanced contrast and sensitivity. Our results suggest that this approach could be a valuable clinical tool for surgical localization and treatment of PNETs.
Direct Optical Switching CDMA using prime codes at 40 GHz band for RoF systems (2010)

We experimentally demonstrated Direct Optical Switching (DOS) CDMA at 40 GHz band by using prime codes with code length of 16 (7 padding chips) and chip rate of 2.5 Gcps for radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Synthesis of Chiral Monosubstituted Malonates in Organic Solvents. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Explosively-Clad, Refractory Metal Liners for Small Caliber Machinegun Barrels (2012)

TPL Inc. recently demonstrated the ability to explosively clad refractory alloys in small caliber machinegun barrels. The interface between the liners and the barrel showed a metallurgical bond in the 5.56 mm, 7.62 mm (.223 and .30 caliber, respectively), and .50 caliber barrel blanks. The barrel blanks were 4130 steel with 0.76 mm thick (0.030”) tantalum alloy liners. Fabrique Nationale Manufacturing (FNM) inspected, machined, and assembled a TPL-clad barrel blank into a 5.56 mm M249 Squad Automatic Weapon barrel. FNM did not rifle the tantalum alloy liner because their production machinery was set up for machining steel. The clad M249 barrel was proof fired with no problems or issues noted. TPL has demonstrated that its medium and large caliber Barrel Armor technology can be adapted to small caliber barrel blanks. Proof firing demonstrated that explosively clad barrels are feasible in the small calibers of interest to the military.
Effect of fiber length and composition on mechanical properties of carbon fiber‐reinforced polybenzoxazine (2008)

Abstract The mechanical strength and modulus of chopped carbon fiber (CF)‐reinforced polybenzoxazine composites were investigated by changing the length of CFs. Tensile, compressive, and flexural properties were investigated. The void content was found to be higher for the short fiber composites. With increase in fiber length, tensile strength increased and optimized at around 17 mm fiber length whereas compressive strength exhibited a continuous diminution. The flexural strength too increased with fiber length and optimized at around 17 mm fiber length. The increase in strength of composites with fiber length is attributed to the enhancement in effective contact area of fibers with the matrix. The experimental results showed that there was about 350% increase in flexural strength and 470% increase in tensile strength of the composites with respect to the neat polybenzoxazine, while, compressive properties were adversely affected. The composites exhibited an optimum increase of about 800% in flexural modulus and 200% in tensile modulus. Enhancing the fiber length, leads to fiber entanglement in the composites, resulted in increased plastic deformation at higher strain. Multiple branch matrix shear, debonded fibers and voids were the failures visualized in the microscopic analyses. Defibrillation has been exhibited by all composites irrespective of fiber length. Fiber debonding and breaking were associated with short fibers whereas clustering and defibrillation were the major failure modes in long fiber composites. Increasing fiber loading improved the tensile and flexural properties until 50–60 wt% of fiber whereas the compressive property consistently decreased on fiber loading. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Lead-free Solders and PCB Finish Effects on Solder Joint Reliability (2006)

As we move forward into the lead-free era there are numerous possible combinations of solder alloys and PCB finishes. This is further complicated by wide variations in processing resulting in different microstructural properties. To judge the relative impact this might have in accelerated life testing during thermal cycling. Test vehicles were assembled with combinations of three alloys (SnAgCu, SnAg and SnPbAg), two board finishes (ENIG and immersion Ag), various component sizes and two substrate materials (FR4 and CTE matched), plus a conformally coated PCB was included. The degree of damage was monitored using continuity testing, push-off shear testing and microsectioning. The salient points from these studies were that there were significant (measurable) difference between the reliability of joints soldered with SnAgCu and SnPbAg alloys. There was no evidence to suggest that thermal pre-treatment was detrimental to the long-term reliability of the joint. Additional reflow passes or extended thermal ageing did produce some differences in reliability, but these were component specific. The reliability of joints made using SnAgCu solder was significantly better than that of joints made using the simple binary SnAg alloy. There was no evidence to suggest that thermal pre-treatment (reflow, wave or isothermal ageing) was detrimental to the long-term reliability of the joint. The results suggest that ageing and microstructure are not linked in a straightforward way. Lead-free processing can affect the reliability of plated-through holes (vias). The latter generated cracks when subjected to more than 500 thermal cycles. Conformal coating improved the joint reliability performance, possibly by a retaining action of the more pliable coating, preventing complete detachment. Comments are offered on the techniques used to assess solder joint reliability
Joint 3D-reconstruction and background separation in multiple views using graph cuts (2003)

This paper deals with simultaneous depth map estimation and background separation in a multi-view setting with several fixed calibrated cameras, two problems which have previously been addressed separately. We demonstrate that their strong interdependency can be exploited elegantly by minimizing a discrete energy functional, which evaluates both properties at the same time. Our algorithm is derived from the powerful "multi-camera scene reconstruction via graph cuts" algorithm presented by Kolmogorov and Zabih (2002). Experiments with both real-world as well as synthetic scenes demonstrate that the presented combined approach yields even more correct depth estimates. In particular, the additional information gained by taking background into account increases considerably the algorithm's robustness against noise.
Surface effect immunoassay (1991)

This chapter on surface effect immunoassays is written with a (slightly) futuristic view on what we consider will be the next generation of technology to be applied successfully to the measurement of antibodies or antigens for clinical purposes. This is a relatively new field based on well established physical principles ( for a general review of this area see reference 1).KeywordsSurface Plasmon ResonanceEvanescent WaveRefractive Index ChangeTotal Internal Reflection FluorescenceResonance AngleThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Reactions under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature (RAPET) of Various Alkoxides: Formation of Metals/Metal Oxides‐Carbon Core‐Shell Structures (2004)

The RAPET reaction at 700 degrees C, of different alkoxides (Ti, V, and Si) led to three different nanocomposites. Carbon is the element common to all three structures. Carbon was found as the core in the decomposition of TEOS, as the shell in the decomposition of VO(OEt)3 and embedded in, or mixed completely with, TiO2 in the decomposition of Ti(OiPr)4. This novel method using only metallic alkoxide precursor, in the absence of catalyst, leads in a one-step process to core-shell structures.
Dual effect of glycerol-1,2,3-triethylsuccinate upon insulin release (1997)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Chimaeric plant-produced bluetongue virus particles as potential vaccine candidates (2023)

Bluetongue virus (BTV) causes bluetongue disease in ruminants and sheep. The current live attenuated and inactivated vaccines available for prevention pose several risks, and there is thus a need for vaccines that are safer, economically viable, and effective against multiple circulating serotypes. This work describes the development of recombinant virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine candidates in plants, which are assembled by co-expression of the four BTV serotype 8 major structural proteins. We show that substitution of a neutralising tip domain of BTV8 VP2 with that of BTV1 VP2 resulted in the assembly of VLPs that stimulated serotype-specific antibodies as well as virus-specific neutralising antibodies.
Significant control of Zika infection in macaques depends on the elapsing time after dengue exposure (2019)

Abstract Prior exposure to a single serotype of dengue virus (DENV) predisposes individuals to severe disease upon secondary heterologous DENV infection. Here we show that the length of time between DENV/Zika (ZIKV) infections has a qualitative impact on controlling ZIKV replication. We identified limited but significant differences in the magnitude of the early humoral immune response associated with a period of twelve months but not three months of DENV convalescence. However, their role limiting ZIKV replication is not conclusive. There was no evidence of in vivo antibody-dependent amplification of ZIKV by DENV immunity in any group. We are also showing that the significant differences among groups may be linked to a pre-existing polyfunctional CD4+ T cells response (increased IFN-g and Cd107a before ZIKV infection) and to an early and continuous expansion of the CD4+ effector memory cells early on after ZIKV infection. Those significant differences were associated with a period of 12 months after DENV infection that were not observed in a span of 3-months. These results suggest that there is a window of optimal cross-protection between ZIKV and DENV with significant consequences. These results have pivotal implications while interpreting ZIKV pathogenesis in flavivirus-experimented populations, diagnostic results interpretation and vaccine designs among others. Author Summary Since its introduction in the Americas region ZIKV virus has been associated to severe birth defects. One of the questions that remains open is the role of previous dengue or any other flavivirus immunity in the pathogenesis of ZIKV and more important, if the time elapse between DENV and ZIKV play a role enhancing ZIKV pathogenesis as it is the case for subsequent DENV infections. On this work, using NHP as a model we compared the effect of a period of 12 months vs. a period of 3 months of DENV immunity in the outcome of ZIKV infection. We found that previous DENV infection, at any of the tested period of time do not induce ZIKV enhancement. More relevant are showing that when the two infection occurs at least one year apart the preexisting DENV immunity is better at controlling ZIKV replication and that the role of the neutralizing antibodies is very limited. On the contrary our results suggest that early after ZIKV infection the cellular immune response, may plays a predominant role. Our findings have critical relevance to understand the dynamic interaction between these two flavivirus, their pathogenies, diagnosis and vaccine design.