gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The science, technology, and applications of Terawatt-class pulsed power drivers at Sandia National Laboratories (2010)

There has been significant progress in the past few years in the development and application of Terawatt-class pulsed power generators. Sandia's flagship is the Z facility, which was recently refurbished to improve its energy, power (∼100 TWe), reliability, and precision. We are now routinely performing one shot per day, obtaining load currents as high as 26 MA to create high magnetic fields (> 1000 Tesla) and pressures (10s of Mbar). In a z-pinch configuration, the magnetic pressure (Lorentz Force) supersonically implodes a plasma created from a cylindrical wire array or liner, which at stagnation generates a plasma with energy densities as high as 10 MJ/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and temperatures exceeding 1 keV at 0.1% of solid density. These plasma implosions can produce over 2 MJ of x-ray energy at powers greater than 200 TW for Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF), radiation hydrodynamics, radiation-material interaction, Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE), and astrophysics experiments. In an alternate configuration, the large magnetic pressure is used to directly drive Isentropic Compression Experiments (ICE) to pressures greater than 6 Mbar or accelerate flyer plates to velocities as high as 45 km/s for equation of state experiments at pressures as high as 20 Mbar. This research and development is performed in collaboration with many other research groups from large laboratories and universities around the world. This paper summarizes research performed with Z and more recently with the refurbished Z facility, advances in high-photon-energy radiography, derivative applications of the pulsed power program, and advances in the science of pulsed power that could revolutionize the next-generation facilities.
Multiple-Instance Learning for Hard Disk Drive Failure Prediction (2012)

A hard disk drive (HDD) is a critical component in computers. The failure of HDD can result in the users' data loss and computer downtime. Both consequences cause inconveniences to the users. Therefore, detecting the impending failure of HDDs becomes a crucial task for HDD manufacturers. However, the existing approaches of failure prediction in HDD can only get a medium accuracy, i.e. 55% failure detection rate (FDR) at around 1.5% false alarm rate (FAR). In this paper, a combined approach is developed to predict the HDDs' failure. FMMEA and minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) are used to select the critical features. Then, the multiple-instance algorithm is used to train the model and predict the HDDs' failure. A case study is conducted to evaluate the developed approach. Compared with the existing approaches, our approach can get a significant enhancement (25% improvement of FDR at the same FAR).
ROAD CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO DRIVER POPULATION (1986)

A proposed model for classification of rural roads according to driver population characteristics is described. The driver population is distinguished by such traffic stream characteristics as trip purpose and trip length distribution, and the basic assumption made in the analysis is that the different traffic flow patterns observed at road sites result from different mixes of these characteristics. The highway systems of the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan are investigated for the purpose of developing and testing the model. The model suggests the application of some standard computational and statistical techniques to develop master patterns of traffic flow in order to recognize the driver population of a given road site. The proposed model is simple to apply and its data requirements can easily be satisfied by the types of data collection programs normally undertaken by highway agencies. Also, it is believed to be more objective and comprehensive than the existing methods used for the same purposes. The road classification resulting from the model could be used as an important criterion for many highway planning and design functions. Some examples of its application are (a) rationalization of provincewide traffic-counting programs, (b) design hourly volume considerations; (c) highway improvement programming; and, (d) highway capacity analysis.
Promotional effect of antimony on the selective catalytic reduction NO with NH3 over V-Sb/Ti catalyst (2018)

The effect of antimony on the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) performance and SO<sub>2</sub> durability of V-Sb/Ti was investigated. The physicochemical characteristics of catalyst were characterized by various techniques, including Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), NH<sub>3</sub>/SO<sub>2</sub>-temperature programmed desorption (TPD), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTs), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and H<sub>2</sub>-temperature programmed reduction (H<sub>2</sub>-TPR). The V-Sb/Ti catalyst showed excellent activity in the range 200-300°C (compared with V/Ti), with an optimum achieved for 2 wt.% antimony. The total amount of acidic sites and NH<sub>3</sub> adsorption characteristics did not affect the catalytic efficiency. The Sb<sup>5+</sup> fraction was highest for V-2.0Sb/Ti and exhibited a positive correlation with the V<sup>4+</sup> fraction. This phenomenon is related to the effect of synergistic between vanadium and antimony, promoting the conversion of V<sup>5+</sup> to V<sup>4+</sup> by Sb<sup>5+</sup>. Increasing the V<sup>4+</sup> fraction in V-Sb/Ti increased the catalytic activity, which was mainly attributed to enhanced catalyst re-oxidation capability due to the addition of antimony. Furthermore, the addition of antimony delayed the adsorption of SO<sub>2</sub> onto the V-Sb/Ti catalyst surface, improving the resistance to this gas. Therefore, the addition of antimony to V/Ti improved NO<i><sub>x</sub></i> conversion and SO<sub>2</sub> durability.
Correction to Gibbs Free Energy of Chlordecone and Potential Degradation Products: Implications for Remediation Strategies and Environmental Fate (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Gibbs Free Energy of Chlordecone and Potential Degradation Products: Implications for Remediation Strategies and Environmental FateJan Dolfing*†, Igor Novak‡, Alain Archelas§, and Hervé Macarie∥View Author Information† School of Civil Engineering & Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom‡ Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia§ Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR ISM2, case 332, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de St Jérome, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen, F-13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France∥ IRD, UMR IMBE, Pôle de Recherche Agro-environnemental de la Martinique, Quartier Petit Morne, BP 214, F-97285 Lamentin, France*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46, 22, 12751Publication Date (Web):November 8, 2012Publication History Published online8 November 2012Published inissue 20 November 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es304233dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/es304233dcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views499Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (130 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (6)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Crystal, molecular and electronic structure of (5S,8aS)-5-methyl-4,6,7,8,8a,9-hexahydrothieno-[ 3,2-f] indolizinium iodide (2014)

Abstract The molecules of the title compound, C 11 H 16 NS·I, crystallize as single enantiomer with two stereogenic centre, their absolute configuration were confirmed by anomalous dispersion effects in diffraction measurements on the crystals. The conformation of the pyrrolidine ring is close to that of an envelope, with the flap atom N1 displaced by 0.661 (2) A from the plane of the oder remaining four atoms. The central six-membered ring of the indolizine moiety adopt a half-chair conformation with atom C5 displaced by -0.686 (2) Å from the plane of the oder remaining five atoms. The crystal structure of the title compound is stabilized by C-H···I···H-C hydrogen interactions.
Blood Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Elevation after Intracerebroventricular Injection of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Endotoxin in the Rat Is Determined by Two Opposing Factors: Peripheral Induction by LPS Transferred from Brain to Blood and Inhibition of Peripheral Response by a Brain-Mediated Mechanism (2000)

Following intracerebroventricular injection of LPS in rats, IL-6 and TNF-alpha appear in peripheral blood. To determine whether these changes are mediated by passage of the injected LPS from the brain to the blood, the time course of appearance in blood of bioactive LPS after intracerebroventricular injection was compared with the time course of appearance of IL-6 and of TNF-alpha in blood. Bioactive LPS was detected 30 min after intracerebroventricular injection, the first time interval tested. TNF-alpha appeared in peripheral blood at 30 min, IL-6 at 60 min and both cytokines as well as LPS achieved highest levels at 120 min. To determine pharmacokinetics of LPS transfer from brain to blood more precisely, radioiodinated LPS was injected intracerebroventricularly. (125)I-LPS was detected in blood as early as 5 min after intracerebroventricular injection, reached peak levels at about 2 h, and was transferred from brain to blood at a rate corresponding to bulk flow (% of brain content per min was 1.40 +/- 0.58 and 1.00 +/- 0.21% in series 1 and 2, respectively). 70.0% of total injected LPS had entered blood by 4 h. However, when administered intravenously (by a programmed pump) at the same rate that it enters the blood after intracerebroventricular injection LPS induced a much greater cytokine response than when given intracerebroventricularly. This paradoxical response was shown in further studies to be due to the simultaneous central inhibitory effect of LPS; coinjection of intracerebroventricular LPS markedly reduced the peripheral cytokine response to intravenous LPS infusion.
Synchrotron Self-Absorption Model of the Soft Gamma-Ray Repeater 1806−20 (1995)

The spectra of SGR 1806-20 measured by the ICE experiment show steep turnover below approximately 14 keV. We find that self-absorbed synchrotron emission from a cooling distribution of mildly relativistic electrons (or pairs) provides excellent fits to the spectral data. We then derive from first principles the synchrotron luminosity distance of the source modulo emission area, which is consistent with the radio and infrared distance estimates for a 10 km neutron star.
Multiplexed telecom-band quantum networking with atom arrays in optical cavities (2021)

The realization of a quantum network node of matter-based qubits compatible with telecom-band operation and large-scale quantum information processing is an outstanding challenge that has limited the potential of elementary quantum networks. We propose a platform for interfacing quantum processors comprising neutral atom arrays with telecom-band photons in a multiplexed network architecture. The use of a large atom array instead of a single atom mitigates the deleterious effects of two-way communication and improves the entanglement rate between two nodes by nearly two orders of magnitude. Further, this system simultaneously provides the ability to perform high-fidelity deterministic gates and readout within each node, opening the door to quantum repeater and purification protocols to enhance the length and fidelity of the network, respectively. Using intermediate nodes as quantum repeaters, we demonstrate the feasibility of entanglement distribution over approximately 1500 km based on realistic assumptions, providing a blueprint for a transcontinental network. Finally, we demonstrate that our platform can distribute approximately 25 Bell pairs over metropolitan distances, which could serve as the backbone of a distributed fault-tolerant quantum computer.
Number Theoretic Example of Scale-Free Topology Inducing Self-Organized Criticality (2008)

In this Letter we present a general mechanism by which simple dynamics running on networks become self-organized critical for scale-free topologies. We illustrate this mechanism with a simple arithmetic model of division between integers, the division model. This is the simplest self-organized critical model advanced so far, and in this sense it may help to elucidate the mechanism of self-organization to criticality. Its simplicity allows analytical tractability, characterizing several scaling relations. Furthermore, its mathematical nature brings about interesting connections between statistical physics and number theoretical concepts. We show how this model can be understood as a self-organized stochastic process embedded on a network, where the onset of criticality is induced by the topology.
Enhanced CO2/CH4 Separation Performance of a Mixed Matrix Membrane Based on Tailored MOF‐Polymer Formulations (2018)

Membrane-based separations offer great potential for more sustainable and economical natural gas upgrading. Systematic studies of CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> separation over a wide range of temperatures from 65 °C (338 K) to as low as -40 °C (233 K) reveals a favorable separation mechanism toward CO<sub>2</sub> by incorporating Y-<i>fum</i>-<b>fcu</b>-MOF as a filler in a 6FDA-DAM polyimide membrane. Notably, the decrease of the temperature from 308 K down to 233 K affords an extremely high CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> selectivity (≈130) for the hybrid Y-<i>fum</i>-<b>fcu</b>-MOF/6FDA-DAM membrane, about four-fold enhancement, with an associated CO<sub>2</sub> permeability above 1000 barrers. At subambient temperatures, the pronounced CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> diffusion selectivity dominates the high permeation selectivity, and the enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> solubility promotes high CO<sub>2</sub> permeability. The differences in adsorption enthalpy and activation enthalpy for diffusion between CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> produce the observed favorable CO<sub>2</sub> permeation versus CH<sub>4</sub>. Insights into opportunities for using mixed-matrix membrane-based natural gas separations at extreme conditions are provided.
Low‐Temperature (850°C) Silicon Selective Epitaxial Growth on  HF  ‐ Treated Si (100) Substrates Using SiH4 ‐ HCl ‐  H 2 Systems (1991)

substrates and silane , hydrogen chloride , hydrogen systems were used for low‐temperature (850°C) silicon (Si) selective epitaxial growth (SEG). Conventional low‐pressure chemical vapor deposition equipment was used for Si deposition. No Si nuclei were observed on when measured by scanning electron microscopy after SEG. The {111} and {311} facet planes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. No defects were generated either at the epitaxial layer/substrate interface or the epitaxial sidewall on an atomic scale.
Impact of Diabetes Status on Immunogenicity of Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Older Adults (2021)

Abstract Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus experience high rates of influenza virus infection and complications. We compared the magnitude and duration of serologic response to trivalent influenza vaccine in adults aged 50-80 with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serologic response to influenza vaccination was similar in both groups: greater fold-increases in antibody titer occurred among individuals with lower pre-vaccination antibody titers. Waning of antibody titers was not influenced by diabetes status.
Identification of excitatory-inhibitory links and network topology in large-scale neuronal assemblies from multi-electrode recordings (2018)

Functional-effective connectivity and network topology are nowadays key issues for studying brain physiological functions and pathologies. Inferring neuronal connectivity from electrophysiological recordings presents open challenges and unsolved problems. In this work, we present a cross-correlation based method for reliably estimating not only excitatory but also inhibitory links, by analyzing multi-unit spike activity from large-scale neuronal networks. The method is validated by means of realistic simulations of large-scale neuronal populations. New results related to functional connectivity estimation and network topology identification obtained by experimental electrophysiological recordings from high-density and large-scale (i.e., 4096 electrodes) microtransducer arrays coupled to in vitro neural populations are presented. Specifically, we show that: (i) functional inhibitory connections are accurately identified in in vitro cortical networks, providing that a reasonable firing rate and recording length are achieved; (ii) small-world topology, with scale-free and rich-club features are reliably obtained, on condition that a minimum number of active recording sites are available. The method and procedure can be directly extended and applied to in vivo multi-units brain activity recordings.
Networked Intelligent Collaborative Environment (NetICE) (2002)

The paper presents NetICE, Networked Intelligent Collaborative Environment, which is a prototype designated to provide an immersive environment to allow people to communicate from anywhere at any time. The NetICE system consists of two components: an intelligent network and smart terminals. The intelligent network allows multiple users to be connected to the same virtual space. The smart terminals provide an immersive environment to the end users by using audio-visual communication and 3D computer graphics animation techniques.
DIPG-04. TRANSLATION OF DNX-2401 FROM THE BENCH TO THE CLINIC FOR PEDIATRIC HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS INCLUDING DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMAS (2019)

Despite our increased understanding of the genetic make-up and new therapies for pediatric high grade glioma (pHGG) and Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG) the outcome remains grim. Delta-24-RGD (DNX-2401 in the clinic) has been tested for adult glioblastoma presenting a safe profile and promising efficacy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of DNX-2401 as treatment for pHGG/DIPGs. Our results showed that DNX-2401 exerts a potent antitumor effect in pHGG (n=5) and DIPG (n=6) cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Our clinical trial experience with DNX-2401 in adult glioblastoma underscored the importance of the immune system in durable responses observed in patients. DNX-2401 administration in two DIPG immunocompent models was safe and without toxicity. DNX-2401 prolonged the overall survival, leading 20% to 80% of long-term survivors. Histologic examination showed that DNX-2401 stimulated T-cell infiltration (CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+; p<0.001) within the tumor. Esplenocytes from DNX-2401 treated-mice co-cultured with tumor cells significantly increase the IFNg production (p<0.0001). These outstanding preclinical results allowed us to open a phase I clinical trial for newly diagnosed DIPGs (NCT03178032) where the patients received an intratumoral viral injection followed by standard radiotherapy. Up to date 7 patients have been treated within the trial (3x1010viral particles in 1mL). The procedure was well tolerated and safe. Patients were home 3–4 days after the procedure. All the patients displayed a reduced tumor volume after combined treatment. In the next weeks, we will have information regarding the median survival. We are currently conducting molecular and functional studies to assess the response of the patients to the virus. Information acquired within this clinical study would aid to understand the response of DIPGs to viral therapies therefore to better tailor this strategy to improve the survival and the quality of life of pediatric brain tumor patients.
Distinct classes of misfolded proteins differentially affect the growth of yeast compromised for proteasome function (2021)

Maintenance of the proteome (proteostasis) is essential for cellular homeostasis and prevents cytotoxic stress responses that arise from protein misfolding. However, little is known about how different types of misfolded proteins impact homeostasis, especially when protein degradation pathways are compromised. We examined the effects of misfolded protein expression on yeast growth by characterizing a suite of substrates possessing the same aggregation-prone domain but engaging different quality control pathways. We discovered that treatment with a proteasome inhibitor was more toxic in yeast expressing misfolded membrane proteins, and this growth defect was mirrored in yeast lacking a proteasome-specific transcription factor, Rpn4p. These results highlight weaknesses in the proteostasis network's ability to handle the stress arising from an accumulation of misfolded membrane proteins.
Coplanar differential capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CD-C4D) sensor for micro object inside fluidic flow recognization (2017)

In this paper, we present a coplanar differential capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CD-C4D) structure for the detection of tiny objects with dimension in micro scale. The differential capacitance changed due to the occurrence of an object in micro scale in is detected and used to recognize the presence as well as properties (i.e., electrical property and moving speed) of the object in fluidic flow. The experimental results and discussion in this paper can be generalized to any living cell or particle detection applications.
Production of lentiviral vectors using novel, enzymatically produced, linear DNA (2019)

The manufacture of large quantities of high-quality DNA is a major bottleneck in the production of viral vectors for gene therapy. Touchlight Genetics has developed a proprietary abiological technology that addresses the major issues in commercial DNA supply. The technology uses 'rolling-circle' amplification to produce large quantities of concatameric DNA that is then processed to create closed linear double-stranded DNA by enzymatic digestion. This novel form of DNA, Doggybone™ DNA (dbDNA™), is structurally distinct from plasmid DNA. Here we compare lentiviral vectors production from dbDNA™ and plasmid DNA. Lentiviral vectors were administered to neonatal mice via intracerebroventricular injection. Luciferase expression was quantified in conscious mice continually by whole-body bioluminescent imaging. We observed long-term luciferase expression using dbDNA™-derived vectors, which was comparable to plasmid-derived lentivirus vectors. Here we have demonstrated that functional lentiviral vectors can be produced using the novel dbDNA™ configuration for delivery in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, this could enable lentiviral vector packaging of complex DNA sequences that have previously been incompatible with bacterial propagation systems, as dbDNA™ technology could circumvent such restrictions through its phi29-based rolling-circle amplification.