gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Surrogate Trip-Level Energy Model for Electric Bus Transit System Optimization (2022)

The introduction of electric mobility solutions mitigates transportion-related greenhouse gas emissions. Transit buses are considered a promising candidate for electrification. This study contributes to the growing literature on battery-electric buses (BEBs) and aims to quantify the optimal allocation of BEB infrastructure and charging schedules. A generic model for the charging capacity and scheduling of the BEB network is developed. The proposed model proposes an algorithm for the calculation of trip-level BEB energy consumption based on a surrogate model-based space mapping algorithm. Instead of using vehicle simulators or constant values for the energy consumption rate for each trip, the input space mapping has been applied to a simple coarse model to build an accurate surrogate model. The proposed algorithm is tested on the bus transit network in Belleville City in Canada considering BEBs using both Flash and Opportunity charging. The results show the efficiency of the proposed model and highlight the impact on the optimization results of calculating the trip-level energy consumption compared with the traditional methods.
Prognostic value of copy-number alterations of the Cohesin complex in intermediate-risk prostate cancer recurrence. (2016)

49 Background: The Cohesin complex plays a critical role in mitotic progression and post-replicative DNA damage repair. It serves to bring together sister chromatids both in metaphase and in homologous recombination repair following ionizing radiation. The complex has also been shown to be phosphorylated in the ATM/BRCA1 pathway. The expression of various proteins in the complex are dysregulated in many cancers: breast, prostate, etc. Interestingly, in breast cancer cell lines, Cohesin is required for MYC activation in response to estrogen. Our study sought to correlate copy number alterations in this pivotal complex with biochemical relapse in prostate cancer patients. Methods: Our cohort consists of 284 patients with D’ Amico-classified intermediate-risk prostate cancer, treated with image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT, N = 143) or radical prostatectomy (RadP, N = 141). Pre-treatment biopsies and prostatectomy samples were analyzed using the Affymetrix Oncoscan array. The Phoenix and AUA criteria was used to define biochemical relapse for RadP and IGRT patients respectively. Results: Copy number alterations of RAD21, SMC1B, and STAG1 were observed in 18% (n = 52), 6.3% (n = 18), and 12% (n = 35) of the cohort respectively. They were predominantly losses in SMC1B, but gains in RAD21 and STAG1. All three genes in the Cohesin complex were associated with increased risk of biochemical relapse: RAD21 on chromosome 8 (HR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.23, 3.02, Wald’s p = 0.004), SMC1B on chromosome 22 (HR = 3.37, 95% CI 1.91, 5.94, Wald’s p &lt; 10 -4 ), and STAG1 on chromosome 3 (HR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.04, 2.89, Wald’s p &lt; 0.05). However, when controlled for percent genome alteration and pre-treatment serum PSA levels, only copy number loss of SMC1B was a significant predictor of biochemical relapse (HR = 2.95, 95% CI 1.62, 5.38, Wald’s p &lt; 10 -3 ). Conclusions: We identified a novel association of copy-number alterations in members of the Cohesin complex with biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy or image-guided radiotherapy. This points to the central role of Cohesin in cell-cycle and DNA damage pathways promoting prostate cancer progression.
A Paper-Based Near-Infrared Optical Biosensor for Quantitative Detection of Protease Activity Using Peptide-Encapsulated SWCNTs (2020)

A protease is an enzyme that catalyzes proteolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids. As crucial elements in many biological processes, proteases have been shown to be informative biomarkers for several pathological conditions in humans, animals, and plants. Therefore, fast, reliable, and cost-effective protease biosensors suitable for point-of-care (POC) sensing may aid in diagnostics, treatment, and drug discovery for various diseases. This work presents an affordable and simple paper-based dipstick biosensor that utilizes peptide-encapsulated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for protease detection. Upon enzymatic digestion of the peptide, a significant drop in the photoluminescence (PL) of the SWCNTs was detected. As the emitted PL is in the near-infrared region, the developed biosensor has a good signal to noise ratio in biological fluids. One of the diseases associated with abnormal protease activity is pancreatitis. In acute pancreatitis, trypsin concentration could reach up to 84 µg/mL in the urine. For proof of concept, we demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed biosensor for the detection of the abnormal levels of trypsin activity in urine samples.
Storage Life and Deterioration of Intact Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus) Fruit Treated with 1-Methylcyclopropene and Fresh-cut Cantaloupe Prepared from Fruit Treated with 1-Methylcyclopropene Before Processing (2008)

A study was conducted to determine the influence of the ethylene action inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), on the shelf life and deterioration during storage at 5 °C of intact netted muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus ) fruit and fresh-cut cubes prepared from those fruit. ‘Durango’, ‘Magellan’, and ‘7920’ fruit (3/4 to full-slip stage) were treated with 1-MCP (1.0 μL·L −1 ) for 24 h at 20 °C. Preliminary research with ‘Athena’ muskmelon had shown that the more physiologically advanced distal pericarp tissue developed significantly more watersoaking than the less advanced proximal and center portions during 5 °C storage; therefore, after treatment with 1-MCP and cooling to 5 °C, the center portions of the fruit were used to prepare the fresh-cut samples. Fresh-cut cubes and intact fruit were stored for 12 d at 5 °C. Intact fruit of all tested cultivars responded to 1-MCP application with improved firmness retention during storage, but no watersoaking was observed in intact fruit. The effect of 1-MCP treatment on the firmness retention and watersoaking of fresh-cut cubes from the different cultivars was inconsistent. Exposure of muskmelon fruit to 1-MCP did not significantly influence the flesh color or soluble solid contents of either intact fruit or fresh-cut cubes during storage at 5 °C.
MET-Pyk2 Axis Mediates Acquired Resistance to FGFR Inhibition in Cancer Cells (2021)

Deregulation of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) signaling, as a result of <i>FGFR</i> amplification, chromosomal translocation, or mutations, is involved in both initiation and progression of a wide range of human cancers. Clinical data demonstrating the dependence of cancer cells on FGFRs signaling clearly indicate these receptors as the molecular targets of anti-cancer therapies. Despite the increasing number of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) being investigated in clinical trials, acquired resistance to these drugs poses a serious therapeutic problem. In this study, we focused on a novel pan-FGFR inhibitor-CPL304110, currently being investigated in phase I clinical trials in adults with advanced solid malignancies. We analyzed the sensitivity of 17 cell lines derived from cancers with aberrant FGFR signaling, i.e. non-small cell lung cancer, gastric and bladder cancer to CPL304110. In order to explore the mechanism of acquired resistance to this FGFR inhibitor, we developed from sensitive cell lines their variants resistant to CPL304110. Herein, for the first time we revealed that the process of acquired resistance to the novel FGFR inhibitor was associated with increased expression of MET in lung, gastric, and bladder cancer cells. Overexpression of MET in NCI-H1703, SNU-16, RT-112 cells as well as treatment with HGF resulted in the impaired response to inhibition of FGFR activity. Moreover, we demonstrated that cells with acquired resistance to FGFR inhibitor as well as cells overexpressing MET displayed enhanced migratory abilities what was accompanied with increased levels of Pyk2 expression. Importantly, inhibition of both MET and Pyk2 activity restored sensitivity to FGFR inhibition in these cells. Our results demonstrate that the HGF/MET-Pyk2 signaling axis confers resistance to the novel FGFR inhibitor, and this mechanism is common for lung, gastric, and bladder cancer cells. Our study suggests that targeting of MET/Pyk2 could be an approach to overcome resistance to FGFR inhibition.
Phylogenetic memory of developing mammalian dentition (2006)

Structures suppressed during evolution can be retraced due to atavisms and vestiges. Atavism is an exceptional emergence of an ancestral form in a living individual. In contrast, ancestral vestige regularly occurs in all members of an actual species. We surveyed data about the vestigial and atavistic teeth in mammals, updated them by recent findings in mouse and human embryos, and discussed their ontogenetic and evolutionary implications. In the mouse incisor and diastema regions, dental placodes are transiently distinct being morphologically similar to the early tooth primordia in reptiles. Two large vestigial buds emerge in front of the prospective first molar and presumably correspond to the premolars eliminated during mouse evolution. The incorporation of the posterior premolar vestige into the lower first molar illustrates the putative mechanism of evolutionary disappearance of the last premolar in the mice. In mutant mice, devious development of the ancestral tooth primordia might lead to their revivification and origin of atavistic supernumerary teeth. Similarity in the developmental schedule between three molars in mice and the respective third and fourth deciduous premolar and the first molar in humans raises a question about putative homology of these teeth. The complex patterning of the vestibular and dental epithelium in human embryos is reminiscent of the pattern of "Zahnreihen" in lower vertebrates. A hypothesis was presented about the developmental relationship between the structures at the external aspect of the dentition in mammals (oral vestibule, pre-lacteal teeth, paramolar cusps/teeth), the tooth glands in reptiles, and the earliest teeth in lower vertebrates.
Experimental Determination of the Heat Transfer Coefficient of a Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger (2005)

Heat transfer in compact plate-fin heat exchangers is augmented by the introduction of complex fin patterns in the channels. Kays and London presented a lot of experimental data for several types of fin configurations, and many authors followed their example with other types of fins. For some fin types, the heat transfer correlation for the Nusselt number cannot be found in literature. Most of the data are given for large scale model fins in good controlled laboratory environments—little data is available for real heat exchangers. A test rig was constructed at Ghent University to verify the performance of several fin types. Measurements were done on a real heat exchanger and not on a large scale model in order to determine the performance under real operational conditions. The measurement setup consists of a hot water circuit and an air circuit with a fan. In the heat exchanger, 40 thermocouples are introduced on the air side and the wall. This way, the convection coefficient of the fins can be determined for a broad range of Reynolds numbers. In the paper the measurement set-up is discussed and the measurements are presented. An in depth error analysis is performed on the measurements. This way a heat transfer correlation is provided with a tight error margin for compact plate-fin air coolers.
Characteristics of the mechanosensitive bladder afferent activities in relation with microcontractions in male rats with bladder outlet obstruction (2017)

We investigated the characteristics of bladder mechanosensitive single-unit afferent activities (SAAs) in rats with a bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and their relationship with bladder microcontractions. Male Wistar rats were divided into Sham and BOO groups. Four or 10 days after the surgery, rats were anesthetized with urethane. The SAAs of Aδ- or C-fibers from the L6 dorsal roots were recorded during bladder filling. The BOO group showed a higher number of microcontractions and lower SAAs of Aδ-fibers compared with those of the Sham group. These findings were significant at day 10 post-operatively. In contrast, SAAs of C-fibers were not significantly different between the groups at either day 4 or 10. In the BOO group at day 10, the SAAs of both Aδ- and C-fibers at the "ascending" phase of microcontractions were significantly higher than those at the other phases (descending or stationary), and a similar tendency was also observed at day 4. Taken together, during bladder filling, the bladder mechanosensitive SAAs of Aδ-fibers were attenuated, but SAAs of both Aδ- and C-fibers were intermittently enhanced by propagation of microcontractions.
Groundwater Arsenic Remediation Using Amphiphilic Polysiloxane Graft Copolymer Coated Iron Nanoparticles (2011)

Arsenic (As) contamination has aroused attention in many parts of the world because of its toxic effects. The predominant forms of arsenic in groundwater and surface water are the inorganic species arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)]. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) have been used successfully for the rapid removal of arsenic from water. The present research examined the kinetics of the As(V) degradation with bare NZVI and a novel polymer coated NZVI (CNZVI). The 10 –90 nm diameter NZVI particles were synthesized by sodium borohydride reduction of ferrous iron. To be effective for groundwater remediation, the iron nanoparticles must be dispersible and transportable through the aquifer into the contaminant plume (in this case As plumes of industrial or agricultural origin). An amphiphilic polysiloxane graft copolymer (APGC) was synthesized as the surface modifier to enhance nanoparticle colloidal stability in aqueous environment. The polymer promotes colloidal stability of NZVI in aqueous suspension and makes more reactive surface available for contaminant degradation. The results of As degradation using CNZVI showed an increase in reaction rate as compared to bare NZVI.
Micromachined glass chips for ion analysis (2002)

This article describes recent developments at Micronit Microfluidics B.V. and MESA+ in the field of Lab-on-a-chip systems for ion analysis. Glass chips with typical micromachined channel geometries for capillary electrophoresis and integrated conductivity detection were developed, with which separation of cation mixtures was performed within a few minutes. The reproducibility of the measurement method was investigated and found to be within a few percent. Application areas for these chips, in combination with portable electronic equipment, are blood ion analysis, ion analysis for environmental, agricultural or horticultural water monitoring and process control in chemical industry.
Wireless-DataCenter Backhaul over Hardware Virtualized Flexible Optical Network (2014)

Architecture design extensions for Time Shared Optical Network (TSON) are proposed for mobile backhaul. It introduces higher rates, flexible sub-lambda or lambda modes of operation, and dynamic memory allocation facilitating infrastructure virtualization and reprogramming.
Hydroxyl Radical Scavengers Produce Similar Decreases in the Chemiluminescence Responses and Bactericidal Activities of Neutrophils (1984)

The addition of hydroxyl radical (.OH) scavengers caused similar decreases in the chemiluminescence responses and killing of Staphylococcus aureus 502A by human neutrophils in vitro.
Radiation Dose Reduction in Pediatric Body CT Using Iterative Reconstruction and a Novel Image-Based Denoising Method (2015)

Although a novel image-based denoising technique performed better than a commercial iterative reconstruction method in pediatric abdominopelvic CT examinations, it performed worse in pediatric chest CT examinations. A 50% dose reduction can be achieved while maintaining diagnostic quality.
Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an (A)BSL-4 Laboratory: 1. Biosafety Level 4 Suit Laboratory Suite Entry and Exit Procedures (2016)

Biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) suit laboratories are specifically designed to study high-consequence pathogens for which neither infection prophylaxes nor treatment options exist. The hallmarks of these laboratories are: custom-designed airtight doors, dedicated supply and exhaust airflow systems, a negative-pressure environment, and mandatory use of positive-pressure ("space") suits. The risk for laboratory specialists working with highly pathogenic agents is minimized through rigorous training and adherence to stringent safety protocols and standard operating procedures. Researchers perform the majority of their work in BSL-2 laboratories and switch to BSL-4 suit laboratories when work with a highconsequence pathogen is required. Collaborators and scientists considering BSL-4 projects should be aware of the challenges associated with BSL-4 research both in terms of experimental technical limitations in BSL-4 laboratory space and the increased duration of such experiments. Tasks such as entering and exiting the BSL-4 suit laboratories are considerably more complex and time-consuming compared to BSL-2 and BSL-3 laboratories. The focus of this particular article is to address basic biosafety concerns and describe the entrance and exit procedures for the BSL-4 laboratory at the NIH/NIAID Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick. Such procedures include checking external systems that support the BSL-4 laboratory, and inspecting and donning positive-pressure suits, entering the laboratory, moving through air pressureresistant doors, and connecting to air-supply hoses. We will also discuss moving within and exiting the BSL-4 suit laboratories, including using the chemical shower and removing and storing positive-pressure suits.
Multi-Camera People Detection and Tracking (2019)

Pedestrian detection and tracking are essential problems in the field of computer vision, having a wide range of applications in surveillance, security, autonomous driving and robotics areas. Although people detection and tracking are generally considered widely-used technologies currently, however, occlusions still remain a major challenge. In this paper, we propose an approach to improve the detection and tracking performance in multi-camera scenarios with overlapping field-of-views, which allows for better handling of occlusion problem. It mainly includes monocular people detection, projection, fusion, probabilistic occupancy map generation and multi-object tracking steps. Evaluations for detection and tracking on WILDTRACK dataset have been implemented and the results indicate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art deep learning methods which haven’t been trained on WILDTRACK.
Acute Heat-Evoked Temperature Sensation Is Impaired but Not Abolished in Mice Lacking TRPV1 and TRPV3 Channels (2014)

The discovery of heat-sensitive Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid ion channels (ThermoTRPVs) greatly advanced our molecular understanding of acute and injury-evoked heat temperature sensation. ThermoTRPV channels are activated by partially overlapping temperatures ranging from warm to supra-threshold noxious heat. TRPV1 is activated by noxious heat temperature whereas TRPV3 can be activated by warm as well as noxious heat temperatures. Loss-of-function studies in single TRPV1 and TRPV3 knock-out mice have shown that heat temperature sensation is not completely abolished suggesting functional redundancies among these two channels and highlighting the need of a detailed analysis of TRPV1::TRPV3 double knock-out mice (V1V3dKO) which is hampered by the close proximity of the loci expressing the two channels. Here we describe the generation of a novel mouse model in which trpv1 and trpv3 genes have been inactivated using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. In these mice, using classical thermosensory tests such hot plate, tail flick and the thermotaxis gradient paradigms, we confirm that TRPV1 is the master channel for sensing noxious heat temperatures and identify a cooperative role of TRPV1 and TRPV3 for sensing a well-defined window of acute moderate heat temperature. Using the dynamic hot plate assay, we unravel an intriguing and unexpected pronounced escape behavior in TRPV1 knock-out mice that was attenuated in the V1V3dKO. Together, and in agreement with the temperature activation overlap between TRPV1 and TRPV3 channels, our data provide in vivo evidence of a cooperative role between skin-derived TRPV3 and primary sensory neurons-enriched TRPV1 in modulation of moderate and noxious heat temperature sensation and suggest that other mechanisms are required for heat temperature sensation.
Development of a Liquid Nitrogen Pump Using Superconducting Bulk Motor (2004)

A magnetically levitated stepping motor using high T/sub c/ superconductor has been studied. The levitated stepping motor consists of a cylindrical rotor with superconductors and a stator with eight electromagnets. The rotor measures 10 mm in diameter, 46 mm in length, and 18 g in weight. The superconductors of the rotor are zero-field-cooled in liquid nitrogen. The levitated rotor is driven by four-phase excitations. The rotor is successfully applied to a liquid nitrogen pump. The dynamic properties of the nitrogen pump are discussed in this paper.
Design and Implementation of an Optical Cavity Locking Controller Test Bed System (2014)

This paper describes a new optical cavity controller test bed system for implementing modern quantum control techniques, with an emphasis on the control of optical cavities. One such quantum control task is the frequency locking of an optical cavity. Locking an optical cavity refers to the process of matching the input laser frequency to the cavity's resonant frequency. Any deviation in the two frequencies, characterized in terms of the detuning, is undesirable. The test bed comprises an input laser, a three-mirror ring cavity, the associated optics, and a dSPACE digital signal processing system. The detuning in the system is measured in the form of an error signal, which is fed to a controller. The controller provides a suitable control input to a piezoelectric actuator mounted on one of the mirrors, altering the resonant frequency of the cavity to achieve zero detuning. The dynamics of the cavity and the piezoelectric actuator are modeled using system identification methods, an integral linear quadratic Gaussian controller is designed and implemented in dSPACE, and experimental results are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES RELATED TO THE CONVERSION OF 9,10‐ANTHRAQUINONES TO ANTHRACENES (1974)

Abstract Aus den Anthrachinonen (I) erhält man mit Boranat die Diole (II), die sauer zu den Ketonen (III) dehydratisiert werden können.
International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications - Copyright (2007)

Design of analog and mixed-signal circuits are often regarded as representing significant bottlenecks in system-on-chip (SOC) design. There are many challenges for mixed signal design to be adaptable for SOC implementation. The major considerations in designing these mixed signal circuits for the complete SOC are high speed, low power, and low voltage. This paper presents the design of an 8-bit flash analog to digital (A/D) converter with threshold invert quantization (TIQ) comparators. Speed of this ADC is 787.78 Mbps and the power consumed is 800 mW. All individual blocks in this paper are designed and simulated by using T-SPICE with 0.18 mum CMOS technology.
Signs of 19F1H and 19F13C spin–spin coupling constants mainly transmitted through space (1992)

Abstract The details of two‐dimensional 13 C 1 H correlated spectra have provided information about the relative signs of J (C, F) and J (F, H) for several molecules in which C, F and H are mutually coupled. Unlike signs are found for J (C, F) and J (F, H) when the coupling pathways lie approximately in the plane, but serious deviations from planarity can bring about changes in sign of J (F, H) and J (C, F).