gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Finite element method analysis of band gap andtransmission of two-dimensional metallicphotonic crystals at terahertz frequencies (2013)

Photonic band gap and transmission characteristics of 2D metallic photonic crystals at THz frequencies
have been investigated using finite element method (FEM). Photonic crystals composed of metallic rods
in air, in square and triangular lattice arrangements, are considered for transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations. The modes and band gap characteristics of metallic photonic crystal structure are investigated by solving the eigenvalue problem over a unit cell of the lattice using periodic
boundary conditions. A photonic band gap diagram of dielectric photonic crystal in square lattice array
is also considered and compared with well-known plane wave expansion results verifying our FEM
approach. The photonic band gap designs for both dielectric and metallic photonic crystals are consistent
with previous studies obtained by different methods. Perfect match is obtained between photonic band
gap diagrams and transmission spectra of corresponding lattice structure.
Micellar effects on the hydrolysis of p-nitrobenzoyl choline and the related N-hexadecyl ester (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicellar effects on the hydrolysis of p-nitrobenzoyl choline and the related N-hexadecyl esterClifford A. Bunton and Michael McAnenyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1976, 41, 1, 36–39Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00863a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00863a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thermodynamics and Microstructure of Co-V<sub>8</sub>C<sub>7</sub> Alloy (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Dynamic Facet Selection by Maximizing Graded Relevance (2021)

Michael Glass, Md Faisal Mahbub Chowdhury, Yu Deng, Ruchi Mahindru, Nicolas Rodolfo Fauceglia, Alfio Gliozzo, Nandana Mihindukulasooriya. Proceedings of the First Workshop on Interactive Learning for Natural Language Processing. 2021.
Minimal in-school SARS-CoV-2 transmission with strict mitigation protocols at two independent schools in Nashville, TN (2021)

These results suggest that transmission of COVID-19 in schools is minimal when strict mitigation measures are used, even during periods of extensive community transmission. Strict quarantine of contacts may lead to unnecessary missed school days with minimal benefit to in-school transmission.
Self-assembly synthesis of a high-content sulfonic acid group functionalized ordered mesoporous polymer-based solid as a stable and highly active acid catalyst (2012)

A stable and highly active ordered mesoporous polymer-based acid catalyst has been prepared via a simple surfactant templating approach and oxidation treatment. The composition and nanostructure are characterized by XRD, NMR, XPS, TEM, nitrogen sorption, elemental and chemical analysis. The sulfonic acid groups have been anchored within the well-arranged channels of the polymer-based matrix. Even with a high –SO3H group loading (up to about 27.4 wt%) on the mesoporous polymer-based material, the ordered mesostructure and high surface area (∼400 m2 g−1) can be retained and the functional moieties are highly chemically accessible. With the large number of acid sites (0.93–2.38 H+ mmol g−1 determined by acid–base titration) and the hydrophobic character, the mesoporous polymer-based solid exhibits unique catalytic performance in acid-catalyzed reactions such as condensation and acetalization, not only high activity (per site yield of bisphenol-A is over 45 in the condensation of phenol and acetone) but also excellent stability. Loss in acidic loading and activity is negligible even after the catalyst is reused 20 times in the acetalization of butanediol and aldehyde. The stability is most likely attributed to the hydrophobic nature of the mesoporous polymer-based solids, which favors the diffusion of water and thereby inhibits the poisoning of acidic sites caused by water generating in the reaction. Moreover, with large mesopores, the diffusion of reactants and products can be promoted and hence the catalytic activity can be further increased.
Three dimensional printing of metallic surfaces for total joint fixation (2002)

Bone ingrowth stabilization of non-cemented porous coated orthopaedic implants is critical to long-term implant survival. The mechanical attachment characteristics and apposition morphology of bone to alternative porous surfaces were investigated in this study. Four novel macrotextured surfaces have been designed in which the porosity varies with depth. A recently developed technology termed "three dimensional printing" is being used to create molds for the casting of the metallic surfaces. Interfacial shear strength of three different macrotextured surfaces as measured by push out mechanical tests, indicates that there is no significant difference in bony attachment as compared to porous coated surfaces at six or twelve weeks.
Transfersomes: A Promising Nanoencapsulation Technique for Transdermal Drug Delivery (2020)

Transdermal delivery systems have gained much interest in recent years owing to their advantages compared to conventional oral and parenteral delivery systems. They are noninvasive and self-administered delivery systems that can improve patient compliance and provide a controlled release of the therapeutic agents. The greatest challenge of transdermal delivery systems is the barrier function of the skin's outermost layer. Molecules with molecular weights greater than 500 Da and ionized compounds generally do not pass through the skin. Therefore, only a limited number of drugs are capable of being administered by this route. Encapsulating the drugs in transfersomes are one of the potential approaches to overcome this problem. They have a bilayered structure that facilitates the encapsulation of lipophilic and hydrophilic, as well as amphiphilic, drug with higher permeation efficiencies compared to conventional liposomes. Transfersomes are elastic in nature, which can deform and squeeze themselves as an intact vesicle through narrow pores that are significantly smaller than its size. This review aims to describe the concept of transfersomes, the mechanism of action, different methods of preparation and characterization and factors affecting the properties of transfersomes, along with their recent applications in the transdermal administration of drugs.
AI assisted multi-arm robotics (2005)

The problem encountered with coordination of two industrial robots are discussed. Some possibilities of incorporation of "Artificial Intelligence (AI)" with two arm coordination of industrial robots are considered. Also, employment of "natural language" interaction with the user is briefly discussed. Two cartesian 3-axis robot arms are considered in a common complex environment. The basic pick-and-place and assembly tasks are analyzed when performed by two robots. A simple example of a two-arm robotic work environment is illustrated by implementation of a simple game.
Management of minor upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in the community using the Glasgow Blatchford Score (2009)

Background The Glasgow Blatchford Score (GBS) is a validated risk assessment tool in primary upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage, which accurately predicts the need for intervention (endoscopic therapy, blood transfusion or surgery) or death. Aims To identify the GBS that predicts lack of intervention or death and to apply this to clinical practice by managing low-risk patients in the community. Methods GBSs prospectively calculated on 232 patients with upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage to identify low-risk score. Patients with low-risk of requiring intervention (GBS ≤2, age <70 years) from a further 304 patients were considered for management in the community. Results Fifty-two of 232 patients in the first cohort had a GBS ≤2 and were aged less than 70 years: none of these required intervention or died. In the second cohort 104 of 304 (34.2%) patients had a GBS ≤2 and were aged less than 70 years, none of whom died or required endoscopic therapy, blood transfusion, surgery or died. Thrity-two of 104 (10.5% of total cohort) were safely managed in the community. Conclusion Using the criteria of a GBS ≤2, aged less than 70 years to define patients at ‘low risk’ allows 10.5% of patients with primary upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage to be safely managed in the community.
Iron chelators from mycobacteria (1954–1999) and potential therapeutic applications (2000)

A. F. Vergne, A. J. Walz and M. J. Miller, Nat. Prod. Rep., 2000, 17, 99 DOI: 10.1039/A809397K
Lysosome stabilization in slices of rat liver when incubated with vitamin A excess (1986)

An organ culture of slices of livers from adult rats was used to study effect of vitamin A (all-trans retinol) on lysosome stability. Lysosomes were purified by centrifugation in Percoll gradients. Preparations were monitored by electron microscopy and evaluated by morphometry and assays of marker enzymes. Enrichments relative to homogenates and crude pellets were estimated from latent (triton X-100) acid p-nitrophenylphosphatase specific activities. Lysosomes prepared from unincubated slices were enriched 50-fold in latent acid phosphatase relative to homogenates. In contrast, lysosomes prepared from slices incubated for 30 min in PBS alone were enriched only 20-fold. When 25 ..mu..g/ml retinol was included in the incubation medium, enrichments of 40-fold were obtained. The integrity of the slices was monitored by electron microscopy and their viability was confirmed by a sustained uptake and incorporation of (/sup 3/H)leucine into protein (up to 2 h in culture). The loss of lysosomes from homogenates of slices incubated in the absence of retinol was accompanied by a loss of acid phosphatase from the lysosomal pellet to the supernatant during purification. Addition of retinol to slices just prior to homogenization was without effect. The results demonstrate a stabilizing influence of vitamin A on lysosomes during incubation of licermore » slices. The findings contrast earlier reports of retinol-induced lysosome fragility in other in vitro systems.« less
Sealing technology for aircraft gas turbine engines (1974)

Experimental evaluation under simulated engine conditions revealed that conventional mainshaft seals have disadvantages of high gas leakage rates and wear. An advanced seal concept, the self-acting face seal, has a much lower gas leakage rate and greater pressure and speed capability. In endurance tests (150 hr) to 43 200 rpm the self-acting seal wear was not measurable, indicating noncontact sealing operation was maintained even at this high rotative speed. A review of published data revealed that the leakage through gas path seals has a significant effect on TSFC, stall margin and engine maintenance. Reducing leakages by reducing seal clearances results in rubbing contact, and then the seal thermal response and wear determines the final seal clearances. The control of clearances requires a material with the proper combination of rub tolerance (abradability) and erosion resistance. Increased rub tolerance is usually gained at the expense of reduced erosion resistance and vice versa.
Glutamate Receptor Subunits GluR5 and KA-2 Are Coexpressed in Rat Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons (1997)

To determine the subunit composition of high-affinity kainate receptors in native neurons is a challenging problem because of the expression of more than one GluR subunit. In the present study the question of whether GluR5 and/or GluR6 subunits combine with KA-1 or KA-2 subunits in vivo is addressed by performing detailed physiological, pharmacological, and molecular characterization of functional kainate receptor channels in acutely dissociated trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. The results show that (1) smaller diameter TG neurons (<30 microm) respond to L-glutamate and kainate, and the currents gated by kainate desensitize with prolonged agonist exposure; (2) all kainate receptor subunits are detected to some extent by reverse transcriptase-PCR, whereas glutamate receptor subunits GluR5 and KA-2 are expressed at high levels in the TG; (3) there is an obvious similarity between the features of native kainate receptor channels in TG neurons and of heteromeric recombinant GluR5(R)/KA-2 channels in pharmacological properties, desensitization, rectification, ion permeability, and mean channel conductance; and (4) the age-dependent increase in GluR5 and KA-2 RNA levels in the TG is correlated well with an increased number of kainate-sensitive cells during postnatal development. Our data suggest that the heteromeric GluR5/KA2 combination actually occurs in TG neurons and give a clue as to the subunit composition of native kainate receptor channels.
Nucleation of threading dislocations in sublimation grown silicon carbide (2002)

The structural defects in sublimation-grown silicon carbide layers have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, x-ray topography, and KOH etching. Nucleation of two-dimensional islands on damage free surfaces of high quality Lely seeds led to formation of stacking faults at the initial stages of growth. The location and number of stacking faults correlates with threading dislocation density. Also, the growth rate is shown to have a pronounced effect on the threading dislocation densities. Elementary screw dislocation density has been observed to increase from 20 cm−2 to 4×103 cm−2 for growth rates increasing from 0.02 to 1.5 mm/h. Growth on seeds miscut 5° off the c axis resulted in screw dislocation densities almost two orders of magnitude lower than on axis growth. The results are interpreted as due to SiC stacking disorder at the initial stages of growth.
Diversity and distribution of genetic variation in gammarids: Comparing patterns between invasive and non‐invasive species (2017)

Biological invasions are worldwide phenomena that have reached alarming levels among aquatic species. There are key challenges to understand the factors behind invasion propensity of non-native populations in invasion biology. Interestingly, interpretations cannot be expanded to higher taxonomic levels due to the fact that in the same genus, there are species that are notorious invaders and those that never spread outside their native range. Such variation in invasion propensity offers the possibility to explore, at fine-scale taxonomic level, the existence of specific characteristics that might predict the variability in invasion success. In this work, we explored this possibility from a molecular perspective. The objective was to provide a better understanding of the genetic diversity distribution in the native range of species that exhibit contrasting invasive propensities. For this purpose, we used a total of 784 sequences of the cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA-COI) collected from seven Gammaroidea, a superfamily of Amphipoda that includes species that are both successful invaders (<i>Gammarus tigrinus</i>, <i>Pontogammarus maeoticus,</i> and <i>Obesogammarus crassus</i>) and strictly restricted to their native regions (<i>Gammarus locusta</i>, <i>Gammarus salinus</i>, <i>Gammarus zaddachi,</i> and <i>Gammarus oceanicus</i>). Despite that genetic diversity did not differ between invasive and non-invasive species, we observed that populations of non-invasive species showed a higher degree of genetic differentiation. Furthermore, we found that both geographic and evolutionary distances might explain genetic differentiation in both non-native and native ranges. This suggests that the lack of population genetic structure may facilitate the distribution of mutations that despite arising in the native range may be beneficial in invasive ranges. The fact that evolutionary distances explained genetic differentiation more often than geographic distances points toward that deep lineage divergence holds an important role in the distribution of neutral genetic diversity.
Floating electrode optoelectronic tweezers: Light-driven dielectrophoretic droplet manipulation in electrically insulating oil medium (2008)

We report an optical actuation mechanism, floating electrode optoelectronic tweezers (FEOET). FEOET enables light-driven transport of aqueous droplets immersed in electrically insulating oil on a featureless photoconductive glass layer with direct optical images. We demonstrate that a 681 mum de-ionized water droplet immersed in corn oil medium is actuated by a 3.21 muW laser beam with an average intensity as low as 4.08 muWmm(2) at a maximum speed of 85.1 mums on a FEOET device. FEOET provides a promising platform for massively parallel droplet manipulation with optical images on low cost, silicon-coated glass. The FEOET device structure, fabrication, working principle, numerical simulations, and operational results are presented in this letter.
Sono-Enzymatically Embedded Antibacterial Silver-Lignin Nanoparticles on Cork Filter Material for Water Disinfection (2022)

Providing clean drinking water is a great challenge worldwide, especially for low-income countries where the access to safe water is limited. During the last decade, new biotechnological approaches have been explored to improve water management. Among them, the use of antimicrobial nanoparticles for designing innovative centralized and decentralized (point-of-use) water treatment systems for microbial decontamination has received considerable attention. Herein, antimicrobial lignin capped silver nanoparticles (AgLNP) were embedded on residual cork pieces using high-intensity ultrasound coupled with laccase-mediated grafting to obtain biofunctionalized nanomaterial. The developed AgLNP-coated cork proved to be highly efficient to drastically reduce the number of viable Gram-negative <i>Escherichia coli</i> and Gram-positive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in liquid medium. Additionally, the coated-cork was characterized using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and SEM imaging, and further used as a filter bed in a point-of-use device for water disinfection. The constructed water filtering system significantly reduced the amount of viable <i>E. coli</i> and resistant <i>Bacillus cereus</i> spores from filtered water operating at increasing residence times of 1, 4, 6, 16, 24, and 48 h. Therefore, the presented results prove that the obtained cork-based antimicrobial nanocomposite material could be used as a filtering medium for the development of water filtration system to control pathogen dissemination.
Effects of Ursodeoxycholic Acid on Hemodynamic and Renal Function Abnormalities Induced by Obstructive Jaundice in Rats (1995)

UDCA administration had very mild effects on renal function abnormalities induced by experimental obstructive jaundice in rats. However, portal hypertension and biochemical abnormalities were partially improved.
Accuracy of an oscillometric blood pressure monitor in anesthetized pigs (2018)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of an oscillometric blood pressure monitor in anesthetized pigs. Invasive blood pressure (IBP) and noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) measurements were taken using a DRE Waveline Pro multiparameter monitor at four different time points in 17 pigs undergoing injectable anesthesia. NIBP measurements were taken on both the thoracic and pelvic limbs. Bland Altman analysis was used to assess agreement between methods and a linear mixed-effects model was used to evaluate the effect of cuff position and blood pressure on bias. Invasive systolic arterial pressure (SAP) ranged between 112 and 161 mmHg (mean ± SD: 138.8 ± 13.3; median: 139.5). Invasive diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) ranged between 60 and 104 mmHg (mean ± SD: 86.0 ± 9.1; median: 87.0). Invasive mean arterial pressure (MAP) ranged between 79 and 121 mmHg (mean ± SD: 103.2 ± 9.3; median 103.0). Only the diastolic and mean measurements obtained from the pelvic limb met criteria outlined by the American College of Internal Medicine for required accuracy of NIBP monitors. Bias was significantly higher in the thoracic limb in comparison to the pelvic limb and was significantly higher at blood pressures above median. In general, NIBP measurements underestimated IBP measurements. In conclusion, the use of the DRE Waveline Pro to assess NIBP in anesthetized pigs may be useful in monitoring trends in mean and diastolic blood pressure and is most accurate when used on the pelvic limb.
[The effect of ionizing radiation on structural changes in the energy nutrients in animal feed]. (1985)

For the purpose of testing the effect of ionizing radiation, feeds for dogs (meat feed mixture VETACAN and loose feed mixture VETAVIT) irradiated by 60Co radioisotope at the dose of 25 kGy/kg were studied for 60 days. It has been found out that the total volume of energetic and non-energetic nutrients is not changed. Qualitative structure, however, displays a significant, on the average 35% disintegration of essential amino acids, decrease of proteins and increase of free ammonic bases. A significant oxidation effect of radiation is exerted on the decomposition of fats with a release of free fatty acids from glycerol bond in a process similar to rancidification (from 13.3-37.10 mg/g in meat mixture, from 103.1-103.04-135.04 mg/g in loose mixture). A certain disintegration of nutrients, only within the limits of significance, occurred also in the saccharide proportion of the loose feed mixture (acidity of water extract 348.8-403.99-436.60 mg/100 g). It has been proved that radiosterilization reliably secures microbiological and mycological sanitation of feeds and causes no sensory changes noticeable by human senses. It follows from the results that ionizing radiation has a pronounced antimicrobial and antimycotic effectiveness. However, it causes significant structural changes of energetic nutrients in the feeds of animal as well as of vegetable origin.