gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2310: Targeting transcription-associated CDKs is an effective way to combat glioblastoma and medulloblastoma with minimal effect on primary neurons (2018)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and malignant brain tumor in adults. Currently there are no effective therapies to manage the disease efficiently. Medulloblastoma is the most common type of pediatric tumor and accounts for approximately 15% of all pediatric brain tumors. We aimed to determine if targeting the transcription-associated cyclin-dependent kinases, cdk7 and cdk9, using specific inhibitors, could interfere with the growth and metastatic properties of glioblastoma and medulloblastoma cell lines. We tested the effectiveness of Flavopiridol, a known inhibitor of cdk4, cdk6, pTEFb and cdk9; THZ1, a cdk7 inhibitor; and SNS032, which is known to inhibit cdk2, cdk7 and cdk9, on U87 and SNB19 glioblastoma, H4 neuroglioma and Daoy medullobastoma cells. Treatment with these pharmacological agents showed very strong cytotoxic effects on these cancer cells as measured by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Among these agents the cdk7 inhibitor was most effective and showed efficacy at nanomolar concentrations. Additionally, the inhibitors interfered with the cancer cell migration, as measured by wound healing assay, and anchorage independent growth, as measured by soft agar colony formation. In stark contrast, the inhibitors had no cytotoxic effects on primary neurons. Mechanistically, western blot analysis showed that the tumor cells treated with the inhibitors had reduced levels of Pol II C-terminal domain phosphorylation, indicative of its inhibition and suppression of transcription. Furthermore, inhibitor treatment resulted in a significant reduction in p70S6 kinase phosphorylation, suggesting that in addition to the transcriptional machinery, the translational machinery is also affected upon treatment with the aforementioned cdk inhibitors. Immunostaining analysis of the cells showed a marked reduction in the levels of P-Pol II and P-p70S6 kinase upon inhibitor treatment, confirming that the cdk inhibitors indeed interfere with both transcription and translation. These inhibitors appear to be working in a p53-dependent fashion. These novel findings shed light on potential mechanisms that can be targeted to combat both glioblastoma and medulloblastoma effectively. More specifically, our studies imply that cdk7 and cdk9 inhibitors may serve as potential therapies for effective management of brain tumor. Citation Format: Isha Bhutada, Srikumar Chellappan, Jaya Padmanabhan. Targeting transcription-associated CDKs is an effective way to combat glioblastoma and medulloblastoma with minimal effect on primary neurons [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2310.
Figure S2 from EGFR Cooperates with EGFRvIII to Recruit Macrophages in Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Quantification of other cytokines upregulated by EGFR and EGFRvIII in cytokine array.&lt;/p&gt;
Neonatal Fc receptor is a functional receptor for human astrovirus (2022)

Summary Human astrovirus (HAstV) is a global cause of gastroenteritis in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised people. However, its infection mechanism is not fully understood, with its functional receptor not yet discovered. Here, we identify neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) as a functional receptor for HAstV (mamastrovirus 1) using genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 library screening in Caco2 cells. Deletion of FCGRT or B2M , which encode subunits of FcRn, rendered Caco2 cells and intestinal organoid cells unsusceptible to HAstV. We also show that human FcRn expression renders non-permissive MDCK cells susceptible and that FcRn directly binds HAstV spike protein. Thus, our findings provide insight into the entry mechanism of HAstV.
Development of a modular recumbent trike (2012)

Today recumbent trikes manufacturers are producing high quality products with several models to choose from. However most of them are developed to run in particular scenarios, generally on road, causing the disuse of the trike when the conditions are inappropriate.
This master thesis presents the design process of the TTRIKE, a modular motorized recumbent trike. This product enables multiple configurations switching between the developed modules, to obtain different characteristics to overcome situations that would not have been possible before.
Even though the objective of our work is to focus on the modularity of the TTRIKE product family, in order to accomplish this task, we have created a basic recumbent trike from the very beginning.
The final product consists on the main trike structure and 7 modules gathered in three blocks: Front, suspension and traction. In addition, 3 assemblies are proposed to covet all the scenarios.
Our work shows that modularization can be applied to recumbent trikes with only some small changes and that the TTRIKE adaptability benefits both the companies and the riders, the first ones because can reach the necessities of more users and the second ones because can use it on much more situations.
Task-directed configuration of networked robotic agents (2003)

In this paper we present research aimed at exploring the configuration of robot architecture from robot components that are distributed about a network environment. The research is motivated by previous work focusing on representation and reasoning methods for modeling modular robotics systems. We look specifically at self-configuring networked robotic agents. The proposed model combines the notions of a task factory that generate task modules and a pool of modules representing robotics components such as sensors and effectors. A number of successively more complex scenarios are used to illustrate the concepts. These have been implemented and tested experimentally. The paper describes the experimental implementation.
Is This Patient Allergic to Penicillin? (2001)

Only 10% to 20% of patients reporting a history of penicillin allergy are truly allergic when assessed by skin testing. Taking a detailed history of a patient's reaction to penicillin may allow clinicians to exclude true penicillin allergy, allowing these patients to receive penicillin. Patients with a concerning history of type I penicillin allergy who have a compelling need for a drug containing penicillin should undergo skin testing. Virtually all patients with a negative skin test result can take penicillin without serious sequelae.
Patterned Fluorescent Particles as Nanoprobes for the Investigation of Molecular Interactions (2003)

Fluorescent colloidal particles, fabricated by depositing a thin gold film on one side of the particle, show intensity fluctuation (blinking) under an optical microscope because of their rotational Brownian motion. Interactions between molecules immobilized on the surfaces of the particle and the solid substrate restrict the rotation of the particle, thus modulating the intensity fluctuations. Because we can obtain the time-dependent rotational angle from the fluorescent intensity, we can use the intensity signals to investigate the weak interactions between unlabeled molecules by analyzing the angular distribution of the particle. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an optical measurement of the rotations of nanoparticles and the first attempt at using such a technique to study molecular interactions.
Ultrasound Screening Strategies for the Diagnosis of Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (2012)

This study demonstrates a high prevalence of CAKUT and demonstrates the importance of combined prenatal and postnatal ultrasound examinations for early CAKUT diagnosis.
POSITION EVALUATION IN COMPUTER GO (2002)

Position evaluation is a critical component of Go programs. This article describes both the exact and the heuristic methods for position evaluation that are used in the Go program Explorer , and outlines some requirements for developing better Go eva
Ganglioside Hp-s1 Analogue Inhibits Amyloidogenic Toxicity in Alzheimer’s Disease Model Cells (2018)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by extracellular deposition of amyloid plaques, which are predominantly composed of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage. APP interacts with tropomyosin receptor kinase A, a neurotrophic receptor associated with gangliosides and mediating neuronal survival and differentiation through the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway. The ganglioside Hp-s1's analogue Hp-s1A exerts neuritogenic activity; however, its effect on AD pathology remains unknown. To test the hypothesis that Hp-s1A is a potential candidate to treat AD, we established the AD-modeled cell line by expressing human Swedish and Indiana APP gene (APP-Swe/Ind) in N2a mouse neuroblastoma cells. The cells were treated with Hp-s1A or monosialoganglioside GM1 for comparison. The AD model cells expressing APP-Swe/Ind exhibited a significant reduction in viability, as well as neurite outgrowth rate, in comparison to the control cells expressing APP-695. APP C-terminal fragment-β (CTFβ) and Aβ42 were increased in the AD cell lysates and the culture media, respectively. With the treatment of either Hp-s1A or GM1 at 1 μM, the AD model cells showed a significant increase in viability; however, only Hp-s1A reduced CTFβ levels in these cells. Further analysis of the culture media revealed that Hp-s1A also reduced Aβ42 production from AD model cells. The phosphorylation of ERK was elevated and the neurite outgrowth rate was restored with Hp-s1A treatment. In conclusion, the ganglioside analogue Hp-s1A inhibited amyloidogenic processing of APP and promoted neurotrophic activity and survival of AD model cells. Hp-s1A has great potential in AD therapeutic development.
Thermodynamic data for modelling actinide speciation in environmental waters (2003)

Abstract An operational TDB is generated from the validated NEA-TDB by adding formation constants (eventually those of chemical analogues, and typically logβ° Pu(CO₃)₅⁶⁻ = 35. 6 , 4 pH 1/2 = -37. 5 for Np(VII) hydrolysis, possible maximum values for formation constants of several Pu(CO 3 ) i (OH) j (4-2 i - j )+ complexes, and solubility products for compounds of tentative stoichiometries MO 2+ x for M = U, Np, Pu and Am), and by estimating new numerical values (typically E ° (AmO₂²⁺/AmO₂⁺) = 1.5 0 , E ° (AmO₂⁺/Am³⁺) = 1.4 8 , E ° (Am⁴⁺/Am³⁺) =2. 49 V/SHE). Beside checking the consistency of published experimental data, and performing sensitivity analysis of their interpretation as for any critical review work, activity coefficients and pH calibration also appeared to be critical. Dramatic decrease in aqueous Np(V) solubility is expected, when it is coprecipitated at trace concentration: solubility controlled by the hypothetical ideal solid solution Na 2 x -1 NpO 2 (CO 3 ) x (s) (2≥ x ≥ 1), is calculated by solving the set of two thermodynamic equations [Na + ] 2 x -1 [NpO 2 + ][CO 3 2- ] x = K s x , together with (2 x -1)[NpO 2 + ]/[Na + ] = D , where K s x = K 2- x s1 (16 K s2 /27) x -1 (2-1/ x ) 2 x -1 / x , K s1 and K s2 are the solubility products of the end-member compounds, and D = 27 K s1 2 /(16 K s2 ) is the equilibrium constant for Ionic Exchange NpO 2 + /Na + . Conversely, equilibrium constant, D , of any ionic exchange equilibrium can be interpreted as ratio of solubility products of end-member compounds (eventually surface compounds).
Stable Glass Transformation to Supercooled Liquid via Surface-Initiated Growth Front (2009)

Highly stable glasses of tris-naphthylbenzene transform into a liquid when annealed above the glass transition temperature T_{g}. In contrast to the predictions of standard models, the observed transformation is spatially inhomogeneous. Secondary ion mass spectrometry experiments on isotopically labeled multilayer films show that the liquid grows into the stable glass with sharp growth fronts initiated at the free surface and at the interface with the substrate. For the free surface, the growth velocity is constant in time and has the same temperature dependence as self-diffusion in the equilibrium supercooled liquid. These stable glasses are packed so efficiently that surfaces and interfaces are required to initiate the transformation to the liquid even well above T_{g}.
Gastrointestinal carriage ofClostridium difficilein cats and dogs attending veterinary clinics (1991)

Cats and dogs being treated at two veterinary clinics were investigated for gastrointestinal carriage of Clostridium difficile using selective solid and enrichment media. Thirty-two (39.5%) of 81 stool samples yielded C. difficile. There were significant differences in isolation rates between clinics, 61.0% of animals being positive at one clinic compared to 17.5% at the other (Chi-square, P less than 0.005). Of 29 animals receiving antibiotics, 15 (52.0%) harboured C. difficile while 11 (23.9%) of 46 animals not receiving antibiotics were positive (Chi-square, P less than 0.01). There was no difference in carriage rate between cats (38.1%) and dogs (40.0%). The environment at both veterinary clinics was surveyed for the presence of C. difficile. Fifteen of 20 sites at one clinic were positive compared to 6 of 14 sites at the other clinic. Both cytotoxigenic and noncytotoxigenic isolates of C. difficile were recovered from animals and environmental sites. These findings suggest that household pets may be a potentially significant reservoir of infection with C. difficile.
Increased hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease (2003)

Neurogenesis, which persists in the adult mammalian brain, may provide a basis for neuronal replacement therapy in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neurogenesis is increased in certain acute neurological disorders, such as ischemia and epilepsy, but the effect of more chronic neurodegenerations is uncertain, and some animal models of AD show impaired neurogenesis. To determine how neurogenesis is affected in the brains of patients with AD, we investigated the expression of immature neuronal marker proteins that signal the birth of new neurons in the hippocampus of AD patients. Compared to controls, Alzheimer's brains showed increased expression of doublecortin, polysialylated nerve cell adhesion molecule, neurogenic differentiation factor and TUC-4. Expression of doublecortin and TUC-4 was associated with neurons in the neuroproliferative (subgranular) zone of the dentate gyrus, the physiological destination of these neurons (granule cell layer), and the CA1 region of Ammon's horn, which is the principal site of hippocampal pathology in AD. These findings suggest that neurogenesis is increased in AD hippocampus, where it may give rise to cells that replace neurons lost in the disease, and that stimulating hippocampal neurogenesis might provide a new treatment strategy.
Improvement in Glycemic Excursions With a Transcutaneous, Real-Time Continuous Glucose Sensor (2006)

We conclude that real-time continuous glucose monitoring for periods up to 72 h is accurate and safe in insulin-requiring subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This study demonstrates that availability of real-time, continuously measured glucose levels can significantly improve glycemic excursions by reducing exposure to hyperglycemia without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia, which may reduce long-term diabetes complications and their associated economic costs.
Infrared absorption spectroscopy and chemical kinetics of free radicals: Progress report, 1 March 1985 to 1 February 1987 (1987)

Infrared kinetic spectroscopy using excimer laser flash photolysis and color center laser probing has been used to measure the branching ratio of the deNOx reaction: NH/sub 2/ + NO ..-->.. HN/sub 2/(.) + OH ..-->.. N/sub 2/ + H/sub 2/O. The amidogen radical, NH/sub 2/, was produced by ArF photolysis of NH/sub 3/. Infrared absorptions of OH and H/sub 2/O were measured to determine the absolute contributions of the OH and H/sub 2/O product channels. Using color center laser kinetic spectroscopy to follow the time decay of C/sub 2/H transient absorption, the rate constants for the reactions of C/sub 2/H with H/sub 2/, O/sub 2/, C/sub 2/H/sub 2/, and NO have been measured. The C/sub 2/H was produced by ArF excimer (193 nm) flash photolysis of trifluoropropyne for the H/sub 2/, O/sub 2/, and NO reactions. In the case of the C/sub 2/H/sub 2/ reaction, C/sub 2/H was produced by flash photolysis of acetylene. An investigation to determine the identify of the products of the reaction between C/sub 2/H and O/sub 2/ has been initiated. Also, electronic transitions of C/sub 2/H and C/sub 2/O have been studied. New bands have been identified and rotationally analyzed. 1 tab.
Natural Productions, Wild Animals, Birds, &c, Vegetable Kingdom (2012)

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Optimised sensor selection for control and fault tolerance: Comparison and some new results (2013)

Optimised sensor selection for control design is a non-trivial task to perform especially if the selection is done with respect to complex control requirements like reliability, optimised performance, robustness and fault tolerance. In this paper, a proposed framework is presented aiming to tackle the aforementioned problem. In this context, a Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller is presented and applied to an Electro-Magnetic Suspension (EMS) system. Furthermore, the LQG solution is compared to a Multi-Objective (M.O.) H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> and H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sub> controller design via loop-shaping method using realistic simulations. A particular contribution is the use of Sensor Fault Accommodation Ratio (SFAR) in the LQG scheme providing useful conclusions on the optimised sensor selection for the EMS system. It is concluded that the framework can be extended to other industrial applications.
Soft-breakdown damage in MOSFET's due to high-density plasma etching exposure (1996)

Gate leakage current densities on the order of nA/μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at operating voltage levels have been observed in MOSFET's that were processed in a high-density plasma (HDP) oxide etch tool, yet these transistors have performance parameters that are within 10% of controls. These high gate leakage currents seen in the HDP etched devices were not observed in controls. Direct observation shows that these HDP exposed devices have light emission at higher voltages in the region where the gate poly-Si crosses the birds beak. Light emission in this region is also not observed in controls.
Corn Oil (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Composition of corn oil Properties of corn oil Major food uses of corn oil Conclusions References
An HMM-based singing voice synthesis system (2006)

Abstract The present paper describes a corpus-based singing voice syn-thesis system based on hidden Markov models (HMMs). Thissystem employs the HMM-based speech synthesis to synthesizesingingvoice. Musical information such aslyrics, tones, durationsis modeled simultaneously in a uniﬁed framework of the context-dependent HMM. It can mimic the voice quality and singing styleof the original singer. Results of a singing voice synthesis exper-iment show that the proposed system can synthesize smooth andnatural-sounding singing voice. Index Terms : singing voice synthesis, HMM, time-lag model. 1. Introduction In recent years, various applications of speech synthesis systemshave been proposed and investigated. Singing voice synthesis isone of the hot topics in this area [1–5]. However, only a fewcorpus-based singing voice synthesis systems which can be con-structed automatically have been proposed.Currently, there are two main paradigms in the corpus-basedspeech synthesis area: sample-based approach and statistical ap-proach. The sample-based approach such as unit selection [6]can synthesize high-quality speech. However, it requires a hugeamountoftrainingdatatorealizevariousvoicecharacteristics. Onthe other hand, the quality of statistical approach such as HMM-basedspeechsynthesis[7]isbuzzybecauseitisbasedonavocod-ingtechnique. However,itissmoothandstable,anditsvoicechar-acteristics can easily be modiﬁed by transforming HMM parame-ters appropriately. For singing voice synthesis, applying the unitselection seems to be difﬁcult because a huge amount of singingspeech which covers vast combinations of contextual factors thataffect singing voice has to be recorded. On the other hand, theHMM-based system can be constructed using a relatively smallamount of training data. From this point of view, the HMM-basedapproach seems to be more suitable for the singing voice synthe-sizer. In the present paper, we apply the HMM-based synthesisapproach to singing voice synthesis.Although the singing voice synthesis system proposed in thepresent paper is quite similar to the HMM-based text-to-speechsynthesissystem[7],therearetwomaindifferencesbetweenthem.In the HMM-based text-to-speech synthesis system, contextualfactors which may affect reading speech (e.g. phonemes, sylla-bles, words, phrases, etc.) are taken into account. However, con-textual factors which may affect singing voice should be different
Microbial water quality methods: from lab to the field (2018)

Water quality is influenced by interacting microbial populations and introduced microbial and chemical contaminants. Clean and safe drinking water is vital for human health. Globally, at least 2 billion people use a drinking water source contaminated with faeces. More than 800,000 people die annually from drinking unsafe water, and from having poor sanitation and hand hygiene practices. Consumption of microbial-contaminated water can result in diarrheal illnesses and enteropathy, with the heaviest impact upon children below the age of five. Contaminated water can contain a wide variety of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths. Powerful, sensitive and reproducible methods for effectively monitoring water quality are essential. Currently there is no unified protocol to encompass the collection and analysis of a water sample for all important pathogens. Detection method challenges include the physical differences between the major pathogen groups, low concentration of pathogens in large volumes of water, sample inhibitors, establishing protocols for sample collection, culture-independent detection methods, and the accurate detection of the host origin of pathogens. Faecal indicator organisms, normally coliforms, are used to indicate faecal contamination and as a measure of microbial quality in drinking water, wastewater and recreational water. The difficulty in finding associations between indicator organisms and health outcomes highlights the challenges in water quality research. Important requirements for reliable analysis include specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility of results, speed, and low cost. Where culture dependent methods are applied, these are limited by their relatively low sensitivity and turn-around-time.<br/><br/>Current and future global challenges include;<br/>- detecting viable, but non-culturable microorganisms,<br/>-improved pathogen survival in biofilms,<br/>-climate change,<br/>-increasing water scarcity, antibiotic resistance, and a growing global population.<br/><br/>Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are providing new insights into the ecology of microbially mediated processes that influence fresh water quality such as algal blooms, contaminant biodegradation, pathogen dissemination and diversity.<br/><br/>Acknowledgements: The SAFEWATER Project Global Challenges Research Fund Research Councils UK Collective Fund (EP/P032427/1).