gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Latarjet Reconstruction on Glenohumeral Kinematics in the Presence of Combined Bony Defects (2016)

Background: Recurrent glenohumeral instability is often a result of underlying bony defects in the glenoid and/or humeral head. Anterior glenoid augmentation with a coracoid bone block (ie, Latarjet procedure) has been recommended for glenoid bone loss in the face of recurrent instability. However, no study has investigated the effect of Latarjet augmentation in the setting of both glenoid and humeral head defects (Hill-Sachs defects). Purpose: To evaluate the glenohumeral kinematics of the Latarjet procedure in the presence of combined bony defects. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Eighteen fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens void of all surrounding soft tissue were tested at all combinations of glenohumeral abduction (ABD) angles of 20°, 40°, and 60° and 3 external rotation (ER) levels of 0°, 40°, and 80°. Each experiment comprised anterior dislocation by translating the glenoid under a 50-N medial load applied on the humerus, simulating the static load of soft tissue. The primary outcome measurement was defined as the percentage of intact translation (normalized distance to dislocation). Specimens were tested in an intact condition (no defect), with different combinations of defects, and with Latarjet augmentation. The Latarjet procedure was performed for 20% and 30% glenoid defects by transferring the specimen′s coracoid process anterior to the glenoid so that it was flush with the articulating surface. Results: Results depended on the position of the arm. At 20° of ABD and 0° of ER, a 20% glenoid defect decreased the percentage of intact translation regardless of the humeral head defect size ( P ≤ .0001). In this same setting, Latarjet reconstruction restored translation to dislocation greater than the native intact joint for all sizes of humeral head defects. At 60° of ABD and 80° of ER, a 20% glenoid defect led to an overall decrease in translation to dislocation with increasing humeral head defects. While Latarjet augmentation resulted in increased translation to dislocation for all humeral head defect sizes, it was not able to restore translation greater than the native intact joint for large humeral head defects (31% and 44%); the normalized percentages of intact translation to dislocation were 65% and 30%, respectively. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that some degree of translation can be regained for combined bony glenoid and humeral head defects with the Latarjet procedure. However, for humeral defects larger than 31%, the rotational effect of the humeral head defect led to persistent decreased translation and to dislocation despite glenoid augmentation. Thus, directly addressing the humeral defect to restore the articular surface should be considered in these cases. Clinical Relevance: This study provides a critical value limit for combined anterior glenoid bone loss and humeral head defects. While this is a biomechanical study, the results indicate that in patients with humeral head defects greater than 31%, additional humeral-sided surgery may be needed.
The Pharmacology and Use of H1-Receptor-Antagonist Drugs (1994)

The second-generation H1-antagonist drugs are supplanting their predecessors in the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and chronic urticaria. Their use can be justified mainly on the basis of a more favorable risk-benefit ratio, because they are less toxic to the central nervous system. Future research into H1 antagonists should include additional dose-response studies in patients with allergic disorders, especially children and the elderly; objective studies of adverse effects; studies of topical mucosal application of H1 antagonists; and studies of H1-antagonist enantiomers and active metabolites. With the cloning of the gene encoding the H1 receptor and increased understanding of the precise structural requirements for H1-receptor activity, H1 antagonists with an even more favorable therapeutic index may be developed.
Estimating frequency of change (2003)

Many online data sources are updated autonomously and independently. In this article, we make the case for estimating the change frequency of data to improve Web crawlers, Web caches and to help data mining. We first identify various scenarios, where different applications have different requirements on the accuracy of the estimated frequency. Then we develop several "frequency estimators" for the identified scenarios, showing analytically and experimentally how precise they are. In many cases, our proposed estimators predict change frequencies much more accurately and improve the effectiveness of applications. For example, a Web crawler could achieve 35% improvement in "freshness" simply by adopting our proposed estimator.
Poly-Si Nanowire TFT With Raised Source/Drain and Nitride Spacer (2013)

A raised source/drain poly-Si nanowire (NW) thin film transistor (TFT), together with a nitride spacer structure, is proposed and characterized. The undoped poly-Si region under the nitride spacer is considered to be an offset region and the drain electric field is effectively reduced. In addition, the poly-gate edge covering the nitride spacer serves as a field plate and induces an inversion layer, hence it maintains a high ON-current. Therefore, this proposed NW TFT exhibits a lower OFF-state leakage current, a higher ON/OFF current ratio, and an improved kink effect.
H-infinity optimal control for infinite-dimensional systems with strictly negative generator (2016)

A simple form for the optimal H-infinity state feedback of linear time-invariant infinite-dimensional systems is derived. It is applicable to systems with bounded input and output operators and a closed, densely defined, self-adjoint and strictly negative state operator. However, unlike other state-space algorithms, the optimal control is calculated in one step. Furthermore, a closed-form expression for the L2-gain of the closed-loop system is obtained. The result is an extension of the finite-dimensional case, derived by the first two authors. Examples demonstrate the simplicity of synthesis as well as the performance of the control law.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Alkynes with HFeCo3 (CO)12. Crystal Structure of FeCo3 (CO)9[PhC2 · (H)Ph](PhC2Ph). (1983)

Abstract Die Reaktionen des Titelclusters (I) mit Alkinen folgen abhängig vom Lösungsmittel zwei unterschiedlichen Wegen.
Regioselektive α-Phosphorylierung von Aldosen in wässriger Lösung (2000)

Amidotriphosphat und Diamidophosphat sind Reagentien für die regioselektive α-Phosphorylierung von Aldosen. Der Mechanismus verläuft über ein Carbonyl-Additionsprodukt (siehe Schema); dessen α-Hydroxygruppe wird durch eine intramolekulare Phosphatgruppenübertragung unter Bildung eines cyclischen Zwischenprodukts phosphoryliert, das dann zum O-phosphorylierten Produkt hydrolysiert.
Compressing SQL workloads (2002)

Recently several important relational database tasks such as index selection, histogram tuning, approximate query processing, and statistics selection have recognized the importance of leveraging workloads. Often these tasks are presented with large workloads, i.e., a set of SQL DML statements, as input. A key factor affecting the scalability of such tasks is the size of the workload. In this paper, we present the novel problem of workload compression which helps improve the scalability of such tasks. We present a principled solution to this challenging problem. Our solution is broadly applicable to a variety of workload-driven tasks, while allowing for incorporation of task specific knowledge. We have implemented this solution and our experiments illustrate its effectiveness in the context of two workload-driven tasks: index selection and approximate query processing.
Selective Deactivation of Serum IgG: A General Strategy for the Enhancement of Monoclonal Antibody Receptor Interactions (2012)

Serum IgG is a potent inhibitor of monoclonal antibody (mAb) binding to the cell-surface Fcγ receptors (FcγRs), which mediate cytotoxic and phagocytic effector functions. Here, we show that this competition can be eliminated, selectively, by the introduction to serum of (i) an enzyme that displaces Fc from FcγRs and (ii) a modification present in the therapeutic mAb that renders it resistant to that enzyme. Specifically, we show that (i) EndoS (endoglycosidase S) cleaves only complex-type glycans of the type found on IgG but (ii) is inactive against an engineered IgG Fc with oligomannose-type glycans. EndoS thus reduces FcγR binding of serum IgG, but not that of engineered mAb. Introduction of both the engineered mAb and endoglycosidase in serum leads to a dramatic increase in FcγR binding compared to the introduction of mAb in serum alone. Antibody receptor refocusing is a general technique for boosting the effector signal of therapeutic antibodies.
Synthesis of Ethyne-Linked or Butadiyne-Linked Porphyrin Arrays Using Mild, Copper-Free, Pd-Mediated Coupling Reactions (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Ethyne-Linked or Butadiyne-Linked Porphyrin Arrays Using Mild, Copper-Free, Pd-Mediated Coupling ReactionsRichard W. Wagner, Thomas E. Johnson, Feirong Li, and Jonathan S. LindseyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 16, 5266–5273Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00121a052https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00121a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1950Altmetric-Citations270LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An O(m) Algorithm for Cores Decomposition of Networks (2003)

The structure of large networks can be revealed by partitioning them to smaller parts, which are easier to handle. One of such decompositions is based on $k$--cores, proposed in 1983 by Seidman. In the paper an efficient, $O(m)$, $m$ is the number of lines, algorithm for determining the cores decomposition of a given network is presented.
A Hybrid Method in Driver and Multisensor Data Fusion, Using a Fuzzy Logic Supervisor for Vehicle Intelligence (2007)

Driving is a very complex task which, at its core, involves the interaction between the driver and his/her environment. It is therefore extremely important to develop driver assistance systems that are centered on the driver. In this regards, various state of the art methods such as multi data sensor fusion techniques are applied on various types of physical sensors such as 3D cameras, ultrasounds, sonar and infrared. However, sensor data alone are always uncertain to some extent due to noise and possible sensor failures. Also the driver, alone, is uncertain because of several parameters such as tiredness and drowsiness. In this paper we show the importance of providing a novel hybrid data fusion algorithm using both physical sensors and the driver's senses, as a supplementary data fusion system while driving. In this article, we use a fuzzy logic controller to manage and fuse the gathered data so take better action than individual driver or sensor fusion.
Treatment of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis With High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulins (2003)

Early infusion of high-dose IVIG is safe, well tolerated, and likely to be effective in improving the survival of patients with TEN. We recommend early treatment with IVIG at a total dose of 3 g/kg over 3 consecutive days (1 g/kg per day for 3 days).
Chicken lysozyme gene contains several intervening sequences (gene organization/recombinant plasmid/Southern hybridization/cell differentiation) (2016)

The organization of the chicken lysozyme gene and its neighboring sequences was examined by a comparison of the restriction map of the lysozyme structural gene with the map of the lysozyme gene in genomic DNA. Chicken DNA was cleaved with restriction endonucleases and the DNA fragments were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. After transfer of the fragments onto nitrocellulose filters, those fragments that contain lysozyme mRNA sequences were detected by hybrid- ization of the filters to labeled probes generated from pls-1, a recombinant plasmid carrying the lysozyme structural gene. This analysis revealed the presence of at least three intervening sequences, two of which interrupt the protein coding region and one of which is located in the 3' untranslated region. When ov- iduct DNA and sperm DNA were compared, no difference was observed in the size and number of restriction fragments that contain either lysozyme or ovalbumin structural gene se- quences. In the chicken oviduct the synthesis of the egg white proteins ovalbumin, conalbumin, ovomucoid, and lysozyme is coordi- natedly controlled by steroid hormones (1). By using DNA complementary to highly purified mRNAs, it has been shown that the steroid-controlled rate of protein synthesis is closely correlated with the cellular concentrations of the ovalbumin mRNA (2-6), the conalbumin mRNA (7, 8), and the ovomucoid and lysozyme mRNA (6,9). Using isolated nuclei to determine the rates of synthesis of the egg white protein mRNA sequences (10), we have shown that the increased level of these mRNAs in the target cell after steroid induction results from tran- scriptional activation of the egg white protein genes (8, 9, 11). We suspect that the coordinated control of expression of the egg white protein genes is based, at least in part, on the sequence and organization of the DNA within and around the genes coding for these proteins. A comparison between the structure of the ovalbumin gene, which is known already in some detail (12-18), with that of the other egg white protein genes will most likely reveal information about how steroid hormones control gene expression in a coordinated fashion. To provide pure molecular probes for the analysis of the organization of the egg white protein genes in genomic DNA, we have prepared recombinant plasmids containing DNA complementary to the egg white protein mRNAs. Among others, a clone containing extensive portions of the lysozyme structural gene has been obtained (ref. 19 and unpublished results). The cloned lysozyme DNA was used to examine the organization of the lysozyme gene in genomic DNA by using the Southern technique (20). We report here that the linear organization of lysozyme structural gene sequences is not continuous in chicken oviduct and sperm DNA but is interrupted by at least three intervening sequences.
AGGRESSIVE PREDISPOSITION - PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS TO THE MOTIVATION FOR STUDY (2019)

Appears in: INTED2019 Proceedings Publication year: 2019Pages: 5668-5674ISBN: 978-84-09-08619-1ISSN: 2340-1079doi: 10.21125/inted.2019.1393Conference name: 13th International Technology, Education and Development ConferenceDates: 11-13 March, 2019Location: Valencia, Spain
Blockchain technology overview (2018)

The Information Technology Laboratory (ITL) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) promotes the U.S. economy and public welfare by providing technical leadership for the Nation's measurement and standards infrastructure. ITL develops tests, test methods, reference data, proof of concept implementations, and technical analyses to advance the development and productive use of information technology. ITL's responsibilities include the development of management, administrative, technical, and physical
Real-time in-flight planning (2002)

Computer-aided mission planning for aircraft performed on the ground cannot aid the aircraft once the mission has begun. Therefore, it is critical that an on-board replanning capability be available to respond to the latest information and to assist the pilot in an ever more capable and lethal threat environment. With increases in avionics processor capability, real-time replanning has become practical and effective. A real-time in-flight mission, tactical, and sensor planning system can be produced to support a conventional low-level aircraft (e.g., F-15, F-16, B-1, C-130). This system must be able to handle large digital terrain databases and large numbers of threats, execute on standard avionics processors, and be completely developed in software and in the DoD standard language of Ada. The Mission Reconfigurable Cockpit (MRC) Real-Time In-Flight Planner (IFP) addresses the needs of the low-level fighter and can assist in replanning with the most up-to-date information. The MRC IFP features real-time auto routing in 50-100 milliseconds (in software), mission planning, tactical planning and sensor planning for improved Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) mapping to maximize the opportunity to find the target while reducing threat exposure during the SAR pop manoeuvre. The innovations produced by the MRC program will be enhanced by the Expanded Situational Awareness Insertion (ESAI) program and flight demonstrated on an F-16 aircraft, after which it is expected that the IFP will be ready to make the transition to an operational platform.
Polyimide Orientation Layers Prepared from Lyotropic Aromatic Poly(Amic Ethyl Ester)s (2003)

Abstract The synthesis and characterization of liquid‐crystalline precursor polymer solutions [1] for polyimides permit for the first time the preparation of bulk‐ and surface‐oriented polyimide thin films from the nematic lyotropic state by shear. A special shearing technique was developed and optimized to orient viscous solutions into thin films with thicknesses below 100 nm. The films produced were thermally imidized and characterized by polarized light microscopy, as well as polarized FTIR and UV‐vis spectroscopy before and after imidization. The dichroic ratios (DRs) before imidization were determined as 5 by FTIR, and 4.5 by UV‐vis spectroscopies. After imidization the DRs increased to 14 and 7, respectively. The shear‐oriented layers possess a surface profile in the form of striations, which was characterized by mechanical surface scanning and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The profile height was determined in the nanometer range in contrast to the profile distance in the micrometer range, thus the latter is a magnitude larger than the film thickness. To quantify and compare the orientation potential of the obtained orientation layers, cells with a liquid‐crystalline host and a dichroic azo dye as guest were prepared. Interesting for this class of rod‐like polyimides is that layers, which were cast from low concentration isotropic solutions and rubbed, exhibited an almost doubled DR of 15 compared to analogously prepared alignment layers based on commercial flexible polyimide systems (DR = 8).
(Invited) Characterization of Graphite Anode Architectures for Extreme Fast Charge Using Rapid EIS and Differential Coulometry (2021)

The ability to fast charge automotive lithium-ion batteries is key to enabling wide-scale adoption by consumers. A primary challenge to fast charging is lithium plating due to insufficient lithium diffusion rates into the graphite anode. Plating and subsequent poor cycling of plated lithium leads to capacity loss over time and possible failure due to dendrite-induced short circuit. Sandia National Laboratories and the University of Michigan have worked together to develop advanced anode architectures, known as Highly Ordered Laser Electrode (HOLE), to increase lithium diffusion rates and avoid lithium plating. This work will describe Sandia's latest efforts to characterize and quantify the improvements brought on by these advanced anode structures. High precision cycling, rapid EIS, and isothermal control during fast charging allow precise tracking of cycle-to-cycle efficiency and intra-cycle differential coulometry. These methods are used to detect and quantify lithium plating at the earliest stages and provide a quantitative basis for evaluating lithium plating dependence on anode architecture, temperature, and current. A thorough discussion of experimental conditions will also be conducted to aid others in performing similar measurements. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc. for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525 .
The effects of pH and citrate on the activity of nicotinamide–adenine dinucleotide-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase from pea mitochondria (1969)

1. The effect of pH on the co-operative activation of the NAD-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase from pea mitochondria by isocitrate is shown. 2. The interlinked effects of pH on the affinity of the NAD-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase for isocitrate and the dependence of the pH optimum on the substrate concentration are presented. 3. A consideration of the conditions of pH and substrate concentration under which citrate activates the NAD-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase demonstrates similarities between the binding of isocitrate and citrate. 4. A comparison of the effects of citrate and pH on the gross structure of the enzyme is investigated by density-gradient centrifugation. 5. The kinetic interpretations of these results are briefly considered. 6. The metabolic significance of these studies is discussed.
58 GHz TDD Radio System (2003)

This paper describes a new design solution for a low cost and highly integrated radio equipment intended to be used in point to point radio links operating in the 57 ÷ 59 GHz frequency band according to ETSI standard EN 300 408. This standard is consistent with the use of the Time Division Duplex (TDD) system that allows for hardware design cost-effective RF Transceiver architectures. The whole design implementation is presented together with system test results.