gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Age-related accumulation of Maillard reaction products in human articular cartilage collagen (2000)

Non-enzymic modification of tissue proteins by reducing sugars, the so-called Maillard reaction, is a prominent feature of aging. In articular cartilage, relatively high levels of the advanced glycation end product (AGE) pentosidine accumulate with age. Higher pentosidine levels have been associated with a stiffer collagen network in cartilage. However, even in cartilage, pentosidine levels themselves represent < 1 cross-link per 20 collagen molecules, and as such cannot be expected to contribute substantially to the increase in collagen network stiffness. In the present study, we investigated a broad range of Maillard reaction products in cartilage collagen in order to determine whether pentosidine serves as an adequate marker for AGE levels. Not only did the well-characterized AGEs pentosidine, Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine, and Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine increase with age in cartilage collagen (all P < 0.0001), but also general measures of AGE cross-linking, such as browning and fluorescence (both P < 0.0001), increased. The levels of these AGEs are all higher in cartilage collagen than in skin collagen. As a functional measure of glycation the digestibility of articular collagen by bacterial collagenase was investigated; digestibility decreased linearly with age, proportional to the extent of glycation. Furthermore, the arginine content and the sum of the hydroxylysine and lysine content of cartilage collagen decrease significantly with age (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.01 respectively), possibly due to modification by the Maillard reaction. The observed relationship between glycation and amino acid modification has not been reported previously in vivo. Our present results indicate that extensive accumulation of a variety of Maillard reaction products occurs in cartilage collagen with age. Altogether our results support the hypothesis that glycation contributes to stiffer and more brittle cartilage with advancing age.
Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of post‐transplant erythrocytosis after kidney transplantation (2020)

The incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with post-transplant erythrocytosis (PTE) in the modern era of strong, protocolized immunosuppressive management are unknown. In this study, we aim to identify the incidence and risk factors of PTE and outcomes associated with PTE. This study examined adult KTRs transplanted at our hospital between 01/2001 and 12/2016. Controls were KTRs without PTE and selected in a 1:5 ratio using incident density sampling. Patient survival, graft survival, and vascular thromboembolism (VTE) incidence were outcomes of interest. Of 4,317 kidney transplants during the study period, 214 (5%) had PTE and were compared with controls. In the multivariate analysis, recipients with older age (HR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.99, p = .001) were less likely to develop PTE, while male gender (HR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.92-5.3, p < .001) and non-preemptive transplant (HR: 3.86, 95% CI 1.56-9.56, p = .003) were associated with increased risk of PTE. After adjustment for confounding factors, PTE was not associated with patient mortality (HR: 0.99, 95% CI 0.69-1.42, p = .97), graft failure (HR: 1.11, 95% CI 0.68-1.80, p = .69), or VTE (HR: 1.07, 95% CI 0.59-1.96, p = .81). The incidence of PTE is still substantial in this era, but with proper management PTE does not impact patient or graft survival.
Effect of rapeseed oil-derived plant sterol and stanol esters on atherosclerosis parameters in cholesterol-challenged heterozygous Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidaemic rabbits (2009)

Rapeseed oil (RSO) is a novel source of plant sterols, containing the unique brassicasterol in concentrations higher than allowed for plant sterol blends in food products in the European Union. Effects of RSO sterols and stanols on aortic atherosclerosis were studied in cholesterol-fed heterozygous Watanabe heritable hyperlipidaemic (Hh-WHHL) rabbits. Four groups (n 18 per group) received a cholesterol-added (2 g/kg) standard chow or this diet with added RSO stanol esters (17 g/kg), RSO stanol esters (34 g/kg) or RSO sterol esters (34 g/kg) for 18 weeks. Feeding RSO stanol esters increased plasma campestanol (P < 0.001) and sitostanol (P < 0.001) and aortic campestanol (P < 0.05) compared with controls. Feeding RSO sterol esters increased concentrations of plasma campesterol (P < 0.001), sitosterol (P < 0.001) and brassicasterol (P < 0.001) and aortic campesterol (P < 0.01). Significantly lower plasma cholesterol (P < 0.001) was recorded in the treated groups after 3 weeks and throughout the study. LDL-cholesterol was reduced 50 % in the high-dose RSO sterol ester (P < 0.01) and high-dose RSO stanol ester (P < 0.001) groups compared with controls. Atherosclerotic lesions were found in three rabbits in each of the RSO stanol ester groups and in one in the RSO sterol ester group. Aortic cholesterol was decreased in the treated groups (P < 0.001) in response to lowering of plasma cholesterol induced by RSO sterol and stanol esters. In conclusion, RSO stanol and sterol esters with a high concentration of brassicasterol were well tolerated. They were hypocholesterolaemic and inhibited experimental atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed Hh-WHHL rabbits. A significant uptake of plant sterols into the blood and incorporation of campesterol and campestanol into aortic tissue was recorded.
Osteogenesis Associates With Inflammation in Early-Stage Atherosclerosis Evaluated by Molecular Imaging In Vivo (2007)

This serial in vivo study demonstrates the real-time association of macrophage burden with osteogenic activity in early-stage atherosclerosis and offers a cellular-resolution tool to identify preclinical microcalcifications.
Machine learning algorithm improves the detection of NASH (NAS-based) and at-risk NASH: A development and validation study (2023)

Detection of NASH and at-risk NASH can be improved by constructing independent machine learning models for each component, using only clinical predictors. Adding biomarkers only improved the accuracy of fibrosis.
The Chitranjan Ranawat Award: Running Subcuticular Closure Enables the Most Robust Perfusion After TKA: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2015)

Level I, therapeutic study.
Expression and Function of IL-33/ST2 Axis in the Central Nervous System Under Normal and Diseased Conditions (2018)

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a well-recognized immunomodulatory cytokine which plays critical roles in tissue function and immune-mediated diseases. The abundant expression of IL-33 in brain and spinal cord prompted many scientists to explore its unique role in the central nervous system (CNS) under physiological and pathological conditions. Indeed emerging evidence from over a decade's research suggests that IL-33 acts as one of the key molecular signaling cues coordinating the network between the immune and CNS systems, particularly during the development of neurological diseases. Here, we highlight the recent advances in our knowledge regarding the distribution and cellular localization of IL-33 and its receptor ST2 in specific CNS regions, and more importantly the key roles IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway play in CNS function under normal and diseased conditions.
Transient internal probe (1993)

The Transient Internal Probe (TIP) diagnostic is a novel method for probing the interior of hot magnetic fusion plasmas that are inaccessible with ordinary stationary probes. A small probe of magneto-optic (Verdet) material is fired through a plasma at speeds of several km/sec, illuminated by a laser beam. The beam's polarization is rotated in the probe by the local magnetic field and retroreflection back to a polarimetry detector allows determination of the B- field profile across the diameter of a plasma at a spatial resolution of better than 1-cm and an absolute B-field resolution of a few tens of Gauss. The principal components of a TIP diagnostic system were developed and tested. A two-stage light gas gun was constructed that accelerates 30-caliber projectiles to 3 km/sec, and methods were examined for stripping a lexan sabot from a probe prior to entry into a plasma. Probes of CdMnTe and FR-5 Verdet glass were fabricated, and a polarimetry system was constructed for resolving polarization to within 0.25 deg. The diagnostic was validated by measuring a static B-field with a moving (dropped) TIP probe, and finding agreement with Hall-probe measurements to within experimental accuracy (40 gauss)
Adsorption Behavior of Bovine Serum Albumin on Lowly Activated Anionic Exchangers Suggests a New Strategy for Solid-Phase Proteomics (2006)

Diluted solutions of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (e.g., 0.1 mg /mL) do not form detectable protein large aggregates. Using gel-filtration experiments, we determined that a diluted solution of BSA is 97% monomeric BSA and 3% dimeric. The adsorption of this diluted BSA on highly activated anionic exchangers (e,g., having 40 micromol/wet g) keeps this mainly monomeric form. When supports activated with 2 micromol/wet g are used, only dimers become adsorbed to the support, accounting for 100% of the offered BSA. When the diluted BSA solution is offered to very mildly activated anionic exchangers (even only 0.125 micromol/wet g), an unexpected adsorption of most of the BSA on the support was also observed. These very slightly activated supports are only able to adsorb very large proteins or very large protein-protein complexes, larger than BSA dimers. In fact, a rapid cross-linking of the adsorbed BSA with dextran-aldehyde reveals the formation of very large BSA-BSA complexes with molecular mass higher than 500 000 Da, complexes that may be observed for soluble BSA with very high concentrations but are not detectable at 0.1 mg/mL. Moreover, the size of the aggregates strongly depends on the concentration of the ionized groups on the support: the less activated the supports are, the higher the sizes of the complexes. It seems that the interaction of the BSA molecules on the margins of the BSA aggregate with the groups on the support may stabilize the whole protein aggregate, although some components are not interacting with the support. Aggregates could account for more than 40% of the BSA in the solution after 50 h of incubation. However, only these large BSA aggregates were adsorbed in the support.
Some technical aspects of a Raman-Ramsey Cs clock (2008)

International audience
The effect of isohydric hemodialysis on the binding and removal of uremic retention solutes (2018)

These findings provide evidence that the binding of uremic retention solutes is influenced by pH. The effect of reducing buffer bicarbonate concentration ("isohydric dialysis:"), though significant, was small but may be taken to suggest that further modification of dialysis technique that would expose blood to a greater decrease in pH would lead to a greater increase the free fraction of solute and enhance the efficacy of hemodialysis in the removal of highly protein-bound uremic retention solutes.
Common Policy: A Document Format for Expressing Privacy Preferences Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the (2007)

This document defines a framework for authorization policies controlling access to application-specific data. This framework combines common location- and presence-specific authorization aspects. An XML schema specifies the language in which common policy rules are represented. The common policy framework can be extended to other application domains.
The 'lipid raft' microdomain proteins reggie-1 and reggie-2 (flotillins) are scaffolds for protein interaction and signalling. (2005)

Reggie-1 and reggie-2 are two evolutionarily highly conserved proteins which are up-regulated in retinal ganglion cells during regeneration of lesioned axons in the goldfish optic nerve. They are located at the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane and are considered to be 'lipid raft' constituents due to their insolubility in Triton X-100 and presence in the 'floating fractions'; hence they were independently named flotillins. According to our current view, the reggies subserve functions as protein scaffolds which form microdomains in neurons, lymphocytes and many other cell types across species as distant as flies and humans. These microdomains are of a surprisingly constant size of less than or equal to 0.1 mm in all cell types, whereas the distance between them is variable. The microdomains co-ordinate signal transduction of specific cell-surface proteins and especially of GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol)-anchored proteins into the cell, as is demonstrated for PrPc (cellular prion protein) in T-lymphocytes. These cells possess a pre-formed reggie cap scaffold consisting of densely packed reggie microdomains. PrPc is targeted to the lymphocyte reggie cap when activated by antibody cross-linking, and induces a distinct Ca2+ signal. In developing zebrafish, reggies become concentrated in neurons and axon tracts, and their absence, after morpholino antisense RNA-knockdown, results in deformed embryos with reduced brains. Likewise, defects in Drosophila eye morphogenesis occur upon reggie overexpression in mutant flies. The defects observed in the organism, as well as in single cells in culture, indicate a morphogenetic function of the reggies, with emphasis on the nervous system. This complies with their role as scaffolds for the formation of multiprotein complexes involved in signalling across the plasma membrane.
Derivatives of 1-Methylisoquinoline (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDerivatives of 1-MethylisoquinolineROBERT B. ENGL and LLOYD L. INGRAHAMCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 12, 4933–4936Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01070a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01070a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Conservation of Glutamate Receptor 2-Containing AMPA Receptors during Long-Term Potentiation (2007)

Long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal synapses is thought to involve the insertion of AMPA receptors into the postsynaptic membrane. Conflicting evidence exists as to whether calcium-permeable receptors are inserted during LTP and whether synaptic activity mediated by the newly inserted AMPA receptors is required to maintain the increase in synaptic strength. Here, we rigorously test these hypotheses and conclude that calcium-permeable AMPA receptors are not inserted during LTP nor does potentiation require ongoing activity to be maintained.
Limitations of Conduits in Peripheral Nerve Repairs (2009)

Nerve conduits have emerged as alternatives to autologous nerve grafts, but their use in large-diameter nerve deficits remains untested. We report four patients who underwent repair of large-diameter nerves using absorbable nerve conduits and discuss the failed clinical outcomes. The reported cases demonstrate the importance of evaluating the length, diameter, and function of nerves undergoing conduit repair. In large-diameter nerves, the use of conduits should be carefully considered.
Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Research Landscape (2020)

This report provides an in-depth overview about the research on technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in Sub-Saharan Africa, to identify gaps in the research and provide the impetus for further research and the formation of international research networks in TVET in Sub-Saharan Africa. This report (in English) is an expanded and revised version of an earlier report, published in 2019 in German (https://lit.bibb.de/vufind/Record/DS-184013). The present report covers the research design (methodological approach) of the report; the quality and relevance of the publications found on TVET; the concept and practice of TVET; stakeholders in TVET research and their networks; topics, perspectives and current debates of TVET research; a systematic review of reliable studies on TVET in SS; models for the design, development and delivery of TVET; gender issues; key state actors; the importance of non-governmental actors in TVET; national standards, guidelines and quality frameworks; challenges that arise when implementing guidelines and political decisions; influencing institutional framework conditions; networks for research. The final chapter offers a summary and — based on this — directs our attention to possible future developments regarding TVET and TVET research. A number of appendices present additional information, such as an annotated bibliography, the full bibliography for the report, the methodology for the interviews and structured community review, and the results of the structured community review, as well as a list of additional materials for the report.
Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis and management of reticular dysgenesis (2017)

Reticular Dysgenesis is a rare immunodeficiency which is clinically characterized by the combination of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) with agranulocytosis and sensorineural deafness. Mutations in the gene encoding adenylate kinase 2 (AK2) were identified to cause this phenotype. In this review, we will demonstrate important clinical differences between reticular dysgenesis and other SCID entities and summarize recent concepts in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease and the management strategies for this difficult condition.
Spinnability and characterization of poly(D‐lactic acid)‐blended poly(L‐lactic acid) filament yarns (2021)

Abstract Conventional textiles are produced mainly by petroleum‐based polymeric materials, which are not biodegradable, cause serious pollution, and waste problems. Especially, poly(ethylene terephthalate) is the most used thermoplastic polyester in various textile applications. At this point, poly(lactic acid) (PLA), a biodegradable polyester, stands out forward with its unique properties. PLA is derived from renewable sources such as corn, sugar cane, and so on. In this study, poly(D‐lactic acid) (PDLA) was blended to poly(L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) to reduce its highly crystalline morphology and rigidity. Introduction of PDLA would be expected to speed up its degradation by decreasing the amount of crystalline regions. PDLA was compounded into PLLA in amounts of 3, 6, and 9 wt%. First, PDLA‐blended PLLA compounds were produced, and then successfully spun/drawn into filament yarns by using a pilot‐scale melt spinning equipment. The compounds and the filament yarns were characterized by SEM, DSC, viscosity, carboxyl number, tenacity, elongation at break, unevenness, and shrinkage. Results showed that the amount of crystalline regions was decreased with increasing PDLA amount in both compounds and filament yarns. On the other hand, PDLA blending enhanced the rigidity of filament yarns by increasing their elongation at break.
A Microstructural Examination of Spit Defects in Vapor-Deposited IR Coatings (2022)

Coating spit defects were introduced into ZnS/Ge coatings during a physical vapor deposition process. Microstructural characterization techniques revealed the effects of defect location within the multilayer stack on the resultant structural morphology and coating performance.
Heme oxygenase-1 deficiency promotes the development of necrotizing enterocolitis-like intestinal injury in a newborn mouse model (2013)

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is typified by mucosal destruction, which subsequently can lead to intestinal necrosis. Prematurity, enteral feeding, and bacterial colonization are the main risk factors and, combined with other stressors, can cause increased intestinal permeability, injury, and an exaggerated inflammatory response. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mediates intestinal protection due to anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptotic effects of its products carbon monoxide, biliverdin, and bilirubin. This study investigates a possible role of HO-1 in the pathogenesis of NEC using a newborn mouse model. We induced NEC-like intestinal injury in 7-day-old HO-1 heterozygous (HO-1 Het, Hmox1(+/-)) and wild-type (Wt, Hmox1(+/+)) mice by gavage feeding and hypoxic exposures. Control (Con) pups of both genotypes were dam-fed. Intestines of HO-1 Het Con pups appeared predisposed to injury, with higher histological damage scores, more TUNEL-positive cells, and a significant reduction in muscularis externa thickness compared with Wt Con pups. The increase in HO activity after HO-1 induction by the substrate heme or by hypoxic stress was significantly impaired in HO-1 Het pups. After induction of intestinal injury, HO-1 Het pups displayed significantly higher NEC incidence (78 vs. 43%), mortality (83 vs. 54%), and median scores (2.5 vs. 1.5) than Wt NEC pups. PCR array analyses revealed increased expressions of IL-1β, P-selectin, matrix metallopeptidase 2, collagen type XVIII-α1, serpine 1, and others in NEC-induced HO-1 Het ileal and jejunal tissues. We conclude that a partial HO-1 deficiency promotes experimental NEC-like intestinal injury, possibly mediated by exaggerated inflammation and disruption in tissue repair.
Phase difference based RFID navigation for medical applications (2011)

RFID localization is a promising new field of work that is eagerly awaited for many different types of applications. For use in a medical context, special requirements and limitations must be taken into account, especially regarding accuracy, reliability and operating range. In this paper we present an experimental setup for a medical navigation system based on RFID. For this we applied a machine learning algorithm, namely support vector regression, to phase difference data gathered from multiple RFID receivers. The performance was tested on six datasets of different shape and placement within the volume spanned by the receivers. In addition, two grid based training sets of different size were considered for the regression. Our results show that it is possible to reach an accuracy of tag localization that is sufficient for some medical applications. Although we could not reach an overall accuracy of less than one millimeter in our experiments so far, the deviation was limited to two millimeters in most cases and the general results indicate that application of RFID localization even to highly critical applications, e. g., for brain surgery, will be possible soon.