gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New route to substituted piperidines via the Stevens [1,2]-shift of ammonium ylides (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew route to substituted piperidines via the Stevens [1,2]-shift of ammonium ylidesF. G. West and B. N. NaiduCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 3, 1177–1178Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00056a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00056a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views709Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Stratigraphy and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the Harlem and Ames coals (Upper Pennsylvanian Glenshaw Formation, Appalachian Basin) (1994)

The stratigraphy of the Harlem and Ames coal beds has been confounded for decades. It has been argued that the Harlem and Ames coals could be one and the same, although they are separate mappable units at many localities. Field investigations in the Appalachian Basin, complemented by coal quality characteristics (divergent chemistry and petrography), indicate a spatial and temporal difference between the two coals. The volatile range of the Harlem coal is typically 35--44 % which is indicative of a high volatile coal. The Ames coal, on the other hand, has a volatile range of 10--20%, more typical of a carbonaceous shale or very low rank coal. The difference in ash content of the Harlem coal (5--15%) and Ames coal (60--80%) clearly suggests that these coals formed under dissimilar environmental conditions. Both coals likely formed on abandoned subdelta lobes. Regionally, the Harlem and Ames coal beds are stratigraphically separated by an average of 12 feet (range of 4--30 feet) of sparsely fossiliferous shale. The coals appear to have formed generally in response to allocyclic (basinwide) sea level fluctuations but with strong autocyclic over-printing.
Unified Power Flow Algorithm for Standalone AC/DC Hybrid Microgrids (2017)

Recent studies on power flow analysis of islanded microgrids have become increasingly important and different solutions have been proposed. However, they are often limited to only ac or only dc microgrids and hence, the power flow must be solved separately. This paper proposes a straightforward and efficient method to solve power flows of hybrid ac/dc microgrids simultaneously, based on the well-established Newton-Raphson approach. It considers the lack of slack bus during islanded operation, the coupling of ac frequency and dc bus voltage, as well as the droop control of distributed generators. To achieve power sharing between the ac and dc subgrids, this method incorporates the interlinking converter droop constants in the equation. The algorithm was tested on modified hybrid microgrids involving multiple ac-dc subgrids. The results are compared against results from time-domain simulations to validate the algorithm's accuracy. The proposed technique can be easily implemented to aid the design and planning process of hybrid microgrids.
Growth Hormone Injections Improve Bone Quality in a Mouse Model of Osteogenesis Imperfecta (2005)

Gains in bone length, cross-sectional area, BMD, BMC, structural biomechanical properties, and strength were achieved without directly addressing the genetic collagen defect in the mice. Results support expanded clinical testing of GH injections in children with OI.
Fueling the caries process: carbohydrate metabolism and gene regulation byStreptococcus mutans (2014)

The nature of the oral cavity and host behaviors has mandated that the oral microbiota evolve mechanisms for coping with environmental fluctuations, especially changes in the type and availability of carbohydrates. In the case of human dental caries, the presence of excess carbohydrates is often responsible for altering the local environment to be more favorable for species associated with the initiation and progression of disease, including Streptococcus mutans. Some of the earliest endeavors to understand how cariogenic species respond to environmental perturbations were carried out using chemostat cultivation, which provides fine control over culture conditions and bacterial behaviors. The development of genome-scale methodologies has allowed for the combination of sophisticated cultivation technologies with genome-level analysis to more thoroughly probe how bacterial pathogens respond to environmental stimuli. Recent investigations in S. mutans and other closely related streptococci have begun to reveal that carbohydrate metabolism can drastically impact pathogenic potential and highlight the important influence that nutrient acquisition has on the success of pathogens; inside and outside of the oral cavity. Collectively, research into pathogenic streptococci, which have evolved in close association with the human host, has begun to unveil the essential nature of careful orchestration of carbohydrate acquisition and catabolism to allow the organisms to persist and, when conditions allow, initiate or worsen disease.
Enantioselective Direct Amination of α-Cyanoacetates Catalyzed by Bifunctional Chiral Ru and Ir Amido Complexes (2008)

The bifunctional chiral amido Ir complex catalyzed asymmetric electrophilic direct amination of α-substituted α-cyanoacetates using azodicarboxylates proceeds rapidly to provide the corresponding hydrazine adducts in high yields and with excellent ee values.
Supplementary Figure 8 from Regulation of DNA Polymerase POLD4 Influences Genomic Instability in Lung Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 8 from Regulation of DNA Polymerase POLD4 Influences Genomic Instability in Lung Cancer
Study on integration of soil application with various organic amendments to combat sheath blight of paddy (2019)

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food for more than half of the human population and India has the largest area of 42.75 million hectares) under rice cultivation with a production of 109.15 MT Rice cultivation is often subjected to several biotic stresses of which diseases like blast, sheath blight, stem rot and bacterial blight are the important ones Among these, sheath blight of rice caused by a soil-borne fungal pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani is a destructive disease in all crop-growing areas of the world. The losses due to sheath blight disease generally vary from 30 to 40 per cent and may be even 100 per cent in endemic areas the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides cause an incredible harm to the environment. These agents are both hazardous and may persist and accumulate in natural eco systems. Under such circumstances use of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) offer a promising means of controlling diseases and improve the yield in the rice ecosystem. In the present study the PGPR along with some of the organic amendments are tested against Rhizoctonia solani. The results revealed that the combination of P. fluorescens (Pf1) as seed treatment @ 10 g/kg of seeds, P. fluorescens (Pf1) as foliar spray (@ 0.2% on 30 and 45 DAT) and neem cake as soil application @ 250 kg/ha significantly reduced the sheath blight incidence to the minimum (10.01% in pot and 12.12% in field trial) at harvest with 81.42 per cent disease reduction over control. Hence the various methods of delivery system of P. fluorescens along with neem cake as soil application @ 250 kg/ha can be effectively used to control the rice sheath blight diseases.
Source-synchronous testing of multilane PCI Express and HyperTransport buses (2006)

This article presents a modular approach for testing multigigahertz, multilane digital devices with source-synchronous I/O buses. This approach is suitable for integration with existing ATE and can provide more than 100 independent differential-pair signals. We describe a specific application with 32 lanes of PCI Express, running at 2.5 gigabits per second (Gbps) per lane, and 32 data channels of HyperTransport, at 1.6 Gbps per channel. The differential source-synchronous nature of these buses presents difficulties for traditional (single-ended, synchronous) ATE. We solve these problems by using true-differential driver and receiver test modules tailored for the specific I/O protocols. We satisfy a further requirement for jitter tolerance testing by incorporating a novel digitally synthesized jitter injection technique in the driver modules. The modular nature of our approach permits customization of the test system hardware and optimization for specific DUT test requirements.
A half century in medicinal chemistry with major emphasis on pain-relieving drugs and their antagonists (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA half century in medicinal chemistry with major emphasis on pain-relieving drugs and their antagonistsEverette L. MayCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1992, 35, 20, 3587–3594Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00098a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00098a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficacy and Safety of IncobotulinumtoxinA in Children/Adolescents with Chronic Sialorrhea in Neurological Disorders and/or Intellectual Disability (2021)

Background/Purpose: Analysis of incobotulinumtoxinA treatment for sialorrhea in children/adolescents.
The Impact of Cost Sharing on Antidepressant Use Among Older Adults in British Columbia (2008)

Introducing new forms of medication cost sharing appears to have the potential to reduce some use and initiation of antidepressant therapy by seniors. The clinical consequences of such reduced use need to be clarified.
1,2-Difunctionalized Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes: Long Sought After Bioisosteres for ortho/meta-Substituted Arenes (2020)

&lt;p&gt;The development of a versatile platform for the synthesis of 1,2-difunctionalized bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes to potentially mimic ortho/meta-substituted arenes is described. The synthesis of useful building blocks bearing alcohol, amine, and carboxylic acid functional handles has been achieved from a simple common intermediate. Several ortho and/or meta-substituted benzene analogues as well as simple molecular matched pairs have also been prepared using this platform. In-depth biological and computational studies are currently in progress to validate the ortho and/or meta-character of these new bioisosteres. Results of these investigations will be reported in due course.&lt;/p&gt;
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventions to Prevent Hepatitis C Virus Infection in People Who Inject Drugs (2011)

Interventions using strategies that combined substance-use treatment and support for safe injection were most effective at reducing HCV seroconversion. Determining the effective dose and combination of interventions for specific subgroups of PWID is a research priority. However, our meta-analysis shows that HCV infection can be prevented in PWID.
1831–1840. To ÆT. 49 (2010)

It will be the object of this chapter first to describe the great scientific work which Faraday did at this period; secondly, by means of his titles and the letters which he received, to show the reputation he obtained in consequence of his discoveries; and thirdly, as far as possible by means of his own letters, to give a picture of the character which he made and kept during the time of his great success.
Conformational Changes of DNA Induced by Binding ofChironomus High Mobility Group Protein 1a (cHMG1a) (1997)

High mobility group (HMG) proteins are thought to facilitate assembly of higher order chromatin structure through modulation of DNA conformation. In this work we investigate the bending of a 30-base pair DNA fragment induced by Chironomus HMG1 (cHMG1a), and HMGI (cHMGI) proteins. The DNA bending was measured in solution by monitoring the end-to-end distance between fluorescence probes attached to opposite ends of the DNA fragment. The distance was measured by fluorescence energy transfer using a novel europium chelate as a fluorescence donor. These measurements revealed that the end-to-end distance in the 30-base pair DNA was decreased from approximately 100 A in free DNA to approximately 50.5 A in cHMG1a. DNA complex. The most probable DNA bending angle consistent with these distance measurements is about 150 degrees. The deletion of the charged regulatory domains located close to the C terminus of the HMG1 box domain of cHMG1a protein had no effect on the induced bend angle. The ability to induce a large DNA bend distinguishes the cHMG1 from the cHMGI protein. Only small perturbation of the DNA conformation was observed upon binding of the cHMGI protein. A strong DNA bending activity of cHMG1a and its relative abundance in the cell suggests that this protein plays a very important role in modulation of chromatin structure.
Hierarchical Model Predictive Traffic Engineering (2018)

Hierarchical traffic control is a promising approach for improving scalability in the face of network size. In this scheme, multiple controllers are introduced in a network, and these hierarchically decide operations. At the bottom layer, controllers decide specific operations in a small area, while the controllers at the upper layer decide inter-area operations using abstracted information from the lower layers. These controllers depend mutually on controllers in other layers, which may cause control oscillations, disturbing the appropriate network state. The common way to handle such oscillations is to set the control interval of the upper layer to a large value. This approach, however, causes another problem: the delay of upper level operations relative to environmental changes. To solve this problem, we introduce the concept of model predictive control (MPC) to hierarchical network control. In this method, each controller gradually changes operations based on the predicted future network state. By predicting the behavior of other controllers in the upper/lower layers, the controller can smoothly shift to the suitable operations. Furthermore, the impact of a prediction error can be reduced by avoiding significant changes in operations. In this paper, we develop MPC-based hierarchical network control for effective hierarchical traffic engineering (TE). Through extensive simulation, we show that the MPC-based hierarchical TE can avoid congestion even in the cases where the existing TE method of setting long control intervals for the upper layer cannot accommodate dynamically changing traffic owing to operational delay.
High‐order mismatched disturbance rejection control for small‐scale unmanned helicopter via continuous nonsingular terminal sliding‐mode approach (2018)

Summary In this paper, the problem of finite‐time control for small‐scale unmanned helicopter system with high‐order mismatched disturbance is investigated via continuous nonsingular terminal sliding‐mode control approach. The key idea is to design a novel nonlinear dynamic sliding‐mode surface based on finite‐time disturbance observer. Then, the finite‐time convergence and chattering attenuation capability is guaranteed by the continuous nonsingular terminal sliding‐mode control law. Additionally, rigorous finite‐time stability analysis for the closed‐loop helicopter system is given by means of the Lyapunov theory. Finally, some simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and predominant properties of the proposed control method for the small‐scale unmanned helicopter even in the presence of high‐order mismatched disturbance.
Exploration and Initial Development of Text Classification Models to Identify Health Information Technology Usability-Related Patient Safety Event Reports (2019)

Text mining and document embeddings can support identification of HIT usability-related PSE reports. The positive feedback received on the HIT usability model shows its potential utility in real-world applications.
Commentary on “Epithelial–to–Mesenchymal Transition Contributes to Drug Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer” (2016)

See related article by Arumugam et al., [Cancer Res 2009;69:5820–8][1] .

Visit the Cancer Research 75th Anniversary [timeline][2].

First described in the early 1980s, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process wherein epithelial cells lose their differentiated characteristics, such
Nationalism in American Literature (1933)

Very beautiful, within reasonable limits, is man's love of the familiar and the local, and certainly American literature would be poor without those who have celebrated the forests and fields, the hearths and homes, the aspirations and victories, of the fatherland. Like everything else, however, this love of the local is a matter of proportion. And one may well raise the question whether, during the last half century, under the auspices of science, democracy, and realistic literary theories, American literature has not continued to grow disproportionately national, disproportionately concerned with scenes and situations exclusively local and American. This tendency is evident in the work of such writers as Whitman, Howells, and Garland, not to mention contemporaries such as Dreiser, Sherwood Anderson, and Sinclair Lewis; this tendency is encouraged, and its extension urged and prophesied, by such critics as John Macy, Randolph Bourne, Van Wyck Brooks, Lewis Mumford, Vernon Parrington, and Fred Lewis Pattee.
Novel Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Therapeutic Assessment of Overactive Bladder: Urinary Nerve Growth Factor and Detrusor Wall Thickness (2009)

Clinical diagnosis of overactive bladder (OAB) varies greatly and is based on subjective symptoms. A better way to diagnose and assess therapeutic outcome in patients who present with OAB needs to be developed. Evidence has shown that urinary proteins, such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) levels increase in patients with OAB, bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and detrusor overactivity (DO). Urinary NGF level increases physiologically in normal subjects at urge to void, but increases pathologically in OAB patients at small bladder volume and at urgency sensation. Patients with OAB dry and OAB wet have significantly higher urinary NGF levels compared to controls and patients with increased bladder sensation. Urinary NGF levels decrease after antimuscarinic therapy and further decrease after detrusor botulinum toxin injections in refractory OAB. A higher urinary NGF level could be a biomarker for sensory nerve‐mediated DO. Urinary NGF levels could be a potential biomarker for diagnosis of OAB and serve for the assessment of the therapeutic effect of antimuscarinic therapy. Another potential biomarker for the diagnosis of OAB is detrusor wall thickness. It has been hypothesized that the bladder wall increases in thickness in patients with OAB. The thickened detrusor wall might decrease in response to antimuscarinic treatment, and measurement of detrusor wall thickness might be a useful biomarker for the evaluation of OAB. However, current investigations do not yet provide a uniform observation among various studies.
Practical and Efficient Method for α-Sialylation with an Azide Sialyl Donor Using a Microreactor (2014)

Efficient α-sialylation with a C5 azide sialyl donor was investigated under microfluidic conditions using a microreactor composed of a Comet X-01 micromixer and a tube reactor. Precise temperature control realized excellent α-selectivity, and Siaα(2,6)Gal, Siaα(2,3)Gal, and Siaα(2,9)Sia disaccharides were obtained in moderate to good yields.
Critical evaluation of a theory of molecular recognition using human insulin-like-growth-factor-I fragment 21–40 and its complementary peptide (1992)

Using solid-phase methods we have synthesized human insulin-like-growth-factor-I (IGF-I) fragment 21-40 (IGF-I 21-40) and the peptide derived from the 5'----3' translation of the complementary nucleic acid of this peptide, 'I-FGI 20-40' (the complementary peptide). According to a recently proposed theory of molecular recognition, these two peptides should bind specifically to each other. We have tested this theory by using both solid- and solution-phase direct-binding assays for this complementary-peptide pair. We have also investigated the ability of I-FGI 20-40 to interfere with native IGF-I binding during radioimmunoassay (r.i.a.), radio-receptor (r.r.a.) assay and ligand-blot analysis of IGF-binding proteins. We have obtained no evidence of any interaction between IGF-I 21-40 and I-FGI 20-40 in either solid- or solution-phase assays. In addition, I-FGI 20-40 does not interfere in the assays used to detect IGF-I binding antibodies (r.i.a.), receptors (r.r.a.) or binding proteins (ligand blots). Our data therefore question the universality of this particular theory of molecular recognition.
Abatacept improves health‐related quality of life, pain, sleep quality, and daily participation in subjects with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (2010)

Improvements in HRQOL were observed with abatacept, providing real-life tangible benefits to children with JIA and their parents/caregivers.