gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Left ventricular endocardial and epicardial strain changes with apical myocardial ischemia in an open‐chest porcine model (2016)

Early detection of acute myocardial ischemia is critical to prevent permanent myocardial damage. The impact of apical ischemia on global left ventricular (LV) function can be difficult to characterize using traditional volume-based echocardiography measures. Myocardial strain imaging is a sensitive, quantitative marker of myocardial deformation that can measure ventricular function. Recent advances allow layer-specific measurement of endo- and epicardial strain, enhancing the ability to evaluate myocardial ischemia. This study investigates the effects of apical ischemia on LV function using epi- and endocardial strain. We hypothesize that myocardial strain will identify changes in regional and global myocardial function associated with focal apical ischemia as compared to ejection fraction (EF), and that longitudinal strain will be a better indicator of myocardial dysfunction compared to circumferential or radial strain. In a porcine model (n = 9), acute ischemia was induced by left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. Echocardiograms were performed at baseline, during 15-min ischemia, and after reperfusion. Global longitudinal strain decreased with acute focal ischemia of the left ventricular apical region (baseline: -16.4% vs. ischemia: -12.2%; P = 0.010), with no change observed in global circumferential and radial strain or EF Both endocardial and epicardial longitudinal strain decreased by 68% (P < 0.001) in the ischemic and peri-ischemic zone, while circumferential and radial strain only decreased in endocardium of the ischemic zone. Longitudinal strain was more sensitive to ischemia, being able to detect changes in global LV function and thus may confer clinical diagnostic advantage in the evaluation of acute LV apical ischemia.
1. The Case for Formal Certification in ECT (1998)

s: The Association for Convulsive Therapy Meeting: Eighth Annual Meeting With Special Participation from The American Psychiatric Electrophysiological Association: Symposium One. Credentialing and Privileging for ECT: Where Do We Stand and Where Should We Be Headed?: PDF Only
Pharmacologic Properties of Phenyl N-tert -Butylnitrone (1999)

Phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) is the parent of a family of nitrones used as spin-trapping agents to trap free radicals. PBN's pharmacological effects in animal models are extensive, ranging from protection against death after endotoxin shock, protection from ischemia-reperfusion injury, to increasing the life span of mice. Recent additions to the list include protection from bacterial meningitis, thalidomide-induced teratogenicity, drug-induced diabetogenesis, and choline-deficient hepatocarcinogenesis. Because PBN reacts with oxygen radicals to produce less reactive species, it has been suggested that this is the basis of its pharmacological effects. However, there has been no hard evidence for this notation. Nevertheless, many investigators have used the presence of PBN's pharmacologic effect as evidence for free radical involvement in their models. Mechanistic studies on the PBN's antisepsis action revealed that PBN inhibits expression of various pro-inflammatory genes, suggesting that the protective action involves more than a straightforward free radical-scavenging mechanism. Previous and recent developments in the investigations on the pharmacologic properties of PBN are described in this review.
Hydrolysis reactions of 2,4,6-tris(2-pyrimidyl)- and 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazines with divalent copper. Structure of a bis(2-pyrimidylcarbonyl)aminocopper(II) complex (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrolysis reactions of 2,4,6-tris(2-pyrimidyl)- and 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazines with divalent copper. Structure of a bis(2-pyrimidylcarbonyl)aminocopper(II) complexE. I. Lerner and S. J. LippardCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1977, 16, 6, 1546–1551Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50172a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50172a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views411Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with HER2-negative, estrogen-receptor (ER)-low metastatic breast cancer (MBC) with the addition of lapatinib to letrozole: Biomarker results of EGF30008 (2009)

1018 Background: Lapatinib (Lap), an oral, dual inhibitor of EGFR/HER-2, is approved with capecitabine for treatment of HER-2+ MBC for recurrence after taxane, anthracycline, and trastuzumab-based therapy. Letrozole (Let) has activity in hormone-receptor positive (HR+) BC. It has been hypothesized that peptide growth factor signaling and hormone signaling pathways interact and dual targeting of these pathways results in therapeutic synergy. We report a blinded analysis of HER-2, ER, and progesterone receptor (PR) expression for patients (pts) with HR+ MBC at first diagnosis or post-adjuvant relapse and response to Lap + Let versus Let. Methods: 1286 pts were randomized 1:1 to 2.5 mg Let daily plus either 1500 mg Lap daily or placebo. The primary endpoint was PFS in HR+, HER-2+ MBC pts; secondary endpoints included PFS in the intent-to-treat population. Blinded, centralized commerical laboratory analysis of archived tumor tissue for HER-2 (IHC and/or FISH) and academic laboratory semi-quantitative analysis of ER/PR (IHC, H-score) was performed and correlated with clinical outcome. Results: In 219/1286 (17%) HER-2+ (FISH+ or IHC3+) pts, a significant improvement in median PFS was observed for Lap + Let versus Let (8.2 v 3.0 mos, HR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.53, 0.96, p = 0.019). No significant difference in median PFS was seen in 952 (74%) HER-2-negative pts (13.4 v 13.7 mos, HR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.77, 1.05, p = 0.188). 821/952 (86%) HER-2-negative pts had tissue available for quantitative ER and PR analysis. Analysis of ER and PR by quartile identified a subgroup of HER-2-negative pts that benefitted from adding Lap to Let. Pts with the lowest quartile of ER expression (H-score &lt;160, n = 207) had a significant improvement in median PFS (13.6 mos v 6.6 mos, HR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.47, 0.9, p &lt; 0.005). Pts with higher levels of ER did not significantly benefit from adding Lap to Let. Analysis of PR expression did not identfiy a subgroup that benefited from Lap. Conclusions: Pts with HER-2-negative, ER+ MBC and low ER expression may benefit from the addition of lap to let. Additional analyses of EGFR, other biomarkers, and prior hormone therapy will be presented. [Table: see text]
Laser-induced fluorescence analysis of vapor-phase pyrene (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser-induced fluorescence analysis of vapor-phase pyreneT. J. Whitaker and B. A. BushawCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1981, 85, 15, 2180–2182Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150615a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j150615a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views161Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Global gene expression profiling of PAX‐FKHR fusion‐positive alveolar and PAX‐FKHR fusion‐negative embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas (2007)

Paediatric rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are classified into two major subtypes based on histological appearance, embryonal (ERMS) and alveolar (ARMS), but this clinically critical distinction is often difficult on morphological grounds alone. ARMS, the more aggressive subtype, is associated in most cases with unique recurrent translocations fusing the PAX3 or PAX7 transcription factor genes to FKHR. In contrast, ERMS lacks unique genetic alterations. To identify novel diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets, we analysed the global gene expression profiles of these two RMS subtypes in 23 ARMS (16 PAX3-FKHR, 7 PAX7-FKHR) and 15 ERMS (all PAX-FKHR-negative) using Affymetrix HG-U133A oligonucleotide arrays. A statistically stringent supervised comparison of the ARMS and ERMS expression profiles revealed 121 genes that were significantly differentially expressed, of which 112 were higher in ARMS, including genes of interest as potential diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets, such as CNR1, PIPOX (sarcosine oxidase), and TFAPbeta. Interestingly, many known or putative downstream targets of PAX3-FKHR were highly overexpressed in ARMS relative to ERMS, including CNR1, DCX, ABAT, ASS, JAKMIP2, DKFZp762M127, and NRCAM. We validated the highly differential expression of five genes, including CNR1, DKFZp762M127, DCX, PIPOX, and FOXF1 in ARMS relative to ERMS by quantitative RT-PCR on an independent set of samples. Finally, we developed a ten-gene microarray-based predictor that distinguished ARMS from ERMS with approximately 95% accuracy both in our data by cross-validation and in an independent validation using a published dataset of 26 samples. The gene expression signature of ARMS provides a source of potential diagnostic markers, therapeutic targets, and PAX-FKHR downstream genes, and can be used to reliably distinguish these sarcomas from ERMS.
Hyperspectral Imaging and Their Applications in the Nondestructive Quality Assessment of Fruits and Vegetables (2018)

Over the past decade, hyperspectral imaging has been rapidly developing and widely used as an emerging scientific tool in nondestructive fruit and vegetable quality assessment. Hyperspectral imaging technique integrates both the imaging and spectroscopic techniques into one system, and it can acquire a set of monochromatic images at almost continuous hundreds of thousands of wavelengths. Many researches based on spatial image and/or spectral image processing and analysis have been published proposing the use of hyperspectral imaging technique in the field of quality assessment of fruits and vegetables. This chapter presents a detailed overview of the introduction, latest developments and applications of hyperspectral imaging in the nondestructive assessment of fruits and vegetables. Additionally, the principal components, basic theories, and corresponding processing and analytical methods are also reported in this chapter.
Process for in-situ production of hydrogen (H2) by alcohol decomposition for emission reduction from internal combustion engines (2023)

A process and apparatus are provided for in-situ production of hydrogen (H.sub.2) by alcohol decomposition for emission reduction from internal combustion engines. Hydrogen is generated by a catalytic process for in-situ production from alcohols, either neat, or in a hydrocarbon mixture, such as gasoline. The in-situ production of hydrogen is achieved using a solid basic catalytic bed provided with the internal combustion engine. The preferred catalyst is a copper (Cu) containing layered double hydroxide (LDH)-derived catalyst, such as a Cu/Al LDH-derived catalyst. At least a portion of an alcohol containing fuel is passed through the catalyst bed to generate hydrogen gas from the alcohol substantially without producing carbon monoxide. The fuel and generated hydrogen gas is injected into the internal combustion engine. Catalytic reactions are provided at temperatures in a range between ambient and 500.degree. C., preferably between 150.degree. C. through 400.degree. C.
Water-Table Level Effect on the Yield of Irrigated and Unirrigated Grain Maize (1986)

ABSTRACT FIELD studies were conducted to obtain data on the effect of a water table on a grain maize crop, grown in rainfed and irrigated conditions. The data showed that grain yield decreased as water-table depth increased with the change being more rapid in rainfed than in irrigated conditions. Grain moisture content and individual seed weight were linearly related to water-table depth, but both independent of the water regime. The differences in yield between the water regimes were due to the number of seeds per ear at shallow water-table depth and to the percentage of sterile plants at the deep water-table levels. Plant height decreased as water-table depth increased. Leaf senescence was lower in plants grown at shallower water-table levels. Please view the PDF for the complete article. The text below is only to aid searches. It is unformatted and incomplete, lacking figures, tables, and equations.
Radiobiology (2014)

Abstract Chapter 3 explains the effects of radiation on living things (radiobiology) including units of exposure, deterministic and random effects, and radiation safety.
Satellite Observations for Lightning Discharges and Analysis of VHF Electromagnetic Waveforms (2011)

The Maido-1 satellite observed the lightning discharges from February to October, 2009. We analyzed the observational results with the Maido-1 satellite above Southeast Asia area and the Atlantic Ocean area. First we calculated the change of the pulse width with the electromagnetic wave propagation in the ionosphere. The numerical calculation indicates that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) is changed by the incident angle to the ionosphere. The FWHM increases to tens of nanoseconds through the ionosphere. Next we compared the pulse widths of the received pulses by the Maido-1 satellite in the Atlantic Ocean area and Southeast Asia area. The results in the Atlantic Ocean area have the greater FWHM than those in Southeast Asia area. On the other hand, the results of World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) indicate that the distance between the position of the radiation source and the observation site in the Atlantic Ocean area is longer than in Southeast Asia area. The calculation results can explain two observational results (the maido-1 satellite and the WWLLN). Then we discussed the relationship between the number of the received pulses and the lightning activity level. From the analysis of the detected number by the WWLLN and the received pulse number by the Maido-1 satellite, the more active the lightning discharges are, the more VHF pulses are radiated.
Association of mitochondria with microtubules inhibits mitochondrial fission by precluding Dnm1 assembly (2017)

Abstract Mitochondria are organized as tubular networks in the cell and undergo fission and fusion. While several of the molecular players involved in mediating mitochondrial dynamics have been identified, the precise cellular cues that initiate fission or fusion remain largely unknown. In fission yeast, mitochondria are organized along microtubule bundles. Here, we employed deletions of kinesin-like proteins to perturb microtubule dynamics, and determined that cells with long microtubules exhibited long, but fewer mitochondria, whereas cells with short microtubules exhibited short, but several mitochondria due to reduced mitochondrial fission in the former and elevated fission in the latter. Correspondingly, upon onset of closed mitosis in fission yeast, wherein interphase microtubules assemble to form the spindle within the nucleus, we measured increased mitochondrial fission. We determined that the consequent rise in the mitochondrial copy number was necessary to reduce partitioning errors while stochastically partitioning mitochondria between daughter cells. We discovered that the association of mitochondria with microtubules physically impeded the assembly of the fission protein Dnm1 around mitochondria, resulting in inhibition of mitochondrial fission. Taken together, we demonstrate a novel mechanism for regulation of mitochondrial fission that is dictated by the interaction between mitochondria and the microtubule cytoskeleton.
Polymerisation of Allyl Compounds (1970)

The review deals with the advances in the theory of the formation of allyl polymers and their practical applications. Until recently there was only limited interest in allyl polymers because with the usual free-radical initiation allyl compounds polymerise with difficulty and yield polymers with a low molecular weight. The principal cause of the formation of low-molecular-weight polymers is degradative chain transfer to the monomer, as a result of which the kinetic chain is terminated. A property of the degradative chain transfer is the constancy of dM/dP, i.e. a linear relation between the amount of peroxide decomposed and the amount of monomer polymerised. In addition to degradative chain transfer, a characteristic feature of allyl monomers is effective chain transfer, which depends on the structure of the monomer. The polymerisation of diallyl compounds has a cyclolinear mechanism, which leads to the formation of macromolecules with alternating cyclic and linear units. The behaviour of allyl monomers in copolymerisation reactions is determined by their low reactivity compared with that of the majority of vinyl monomers. The chemical structure of allyl monomers does not as a rule have a significant influence on their reactivity. In recent years polymers based on allyl monomers have found many applications in engineering. Copolymerisation with other monomers and polymers yielded materials with high mechanical strength, thermal and chemical stability, and good insulating and adhesive properties. They are used as fibres, films, coatings, optical glasses, binders for reinforced plastics, etc. The bibliography includes 386 references.
Anatomically Shaped Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration by Cell Homing (2010)

Tooth regeneration by cell delivery encounters translational hurdles. We hypothesized that anatomically correct teeth can regenerate in scaffolds without cell transplantation. Novel, anatomically shaped human molar scaffolds and rat incisor scaffolds were fabricated by 3D bioprinting from a hybrid of poly-epsilon-caprolactone and hydroxyapatite with 200-microm-diameter interconnecting microchannels. In each of 22 rats, an incisor scaffold was implanted orthotopically following mandibular incisor extraction, whereas a human molar scaffold was implanted ectopically into the dorsum. Stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF1) and bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) were delivered in scaffold microchannels. After 9 weeks, a putative periodontal ligament and new bone regenerated at the interface of rat incisor scaffold with native alveolar bone. SDF1 and BMP7 delivery not only recruited significantly more endogenous cells, but also elaborated greater angiogenesis than growth-factor-free control scaffolds. Regeneration of tooth-like structures and periodontal integration by cell homing provide an alternative to cell delivery, and may accelerate clinical applications.
A Digital Technique to Estimate Polynya Characteristics from Synthetic Aperture Radar Sea-Ice Data (1987)

Abstract A new technique has been developed to estimate digitally the concentration and structure of open-water leads (polynyas) in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sea-ice data. This procedure consists of smoothing the original SAR sea-ice data to reduce speckle effects, level slicing this smoothed image to produce a binary image consisting of ice and open water, generating the autocorrelation function of this image, and interpreting the autocorrelation function for lead information. Preliminary results indicate that this technique yields useful estimates of lead characteristics, but that additional research is required to evaluate fully its performance.
Impaired Fear Extinction Due to a Deficit in Ca2+ Influx Through L-Type Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channels in Mice Deficient for Tenascin-C (2017)

Mice deficient in the extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C (TNC<sup>-/-</sup>) express a deficit in specific forms of hippocampal synaptic plasticity, which involve the L-type voltage-gated Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels (L-VGCCs). The mechanisms underlying this deficit and its functional implications for learning and memory have not been investigated. In line with previous findings, we report on impairment in theta-burst stimulation (TBS)-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) in TNC<sup>-/-</sup> mice in the CA1 hippocampal region and its rescue by the L-VGCC activator Bay K-8644. We further found that the overall pattern of L-VGCC expression in the hippocampus in TNC<sup>-/-</sup> mice was normal, but Western blot analysis results uncovered upregulated expression of the Ca<sub>v</sub>1.2 and Ca<sub>v</sub>1.3 α-subunits of L-VGCCs. However, these L-VGCCs were not fully functional in TNC<sup>-/-</sup> mice, as demonstrated by Ca<sup>2+</sup> imaging, which revealed a reduction of nifedipine-sensitive Ca<sup>2+</sup> transients in CA1 pyramidal neurons. TNC<sup>-/-</sup> mice showed normal learning and memory in the contextual fear conditioning paradigm but impaired extinction of conditioned fear responses. Systemic injection of the L-VGCC blockers nifedipine and diltiazem into wild-type mice mimicked the impairment of fear extinction observed in TNC<sup>-/-</sup> mice. The deficiency in TNC<sup>-/-</sup> mice substantially occluded the effects of these drugs. Our results suggest that TNC-mediated modulation of L-VGCC activity is essential for fear extinction.