gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
What are the relationships between four notions of stage change? (2014)

There have been a number of models for transition between stages, including Piaget’s dialectical model, Dawson’s use of Rasch score values, and the newest, the systematization resulting from micro-genetic research. This paper discusses four different accounts of stage transition, each delineating how to obtain data on stage transition for each method. It also discusses how the methods might be interrelated. First, the paper elaborates the original Piagetian model by systematizing the transition substeps using choice theory and signal detection. An examination of stage transition included scoring interviews or other participant responses for statements that reflect each of these steps. Secondly, the paper examines micro-developmental approaches. These approaches identify what may be potential subtask and subsubtask actions that may occur during transition to the next stage. Then, the paper describes and illustrates the use of Rasch analysis to quantify the extent to which a participant’s performance on an instrument is transitional. This approach might numerically pinpoint where in the transition an individual is but it did not measure the difficulty of the specific task subtask actions (strategies). A method for combining stage scores, subtask action scores, and the sub-subtask action scores was introduced. Finally, the paper presents a methodology for creating tasks and methods of support that directly measure transition. The purpose of this approach was twofold. First was to empirically test for the transition subtask and subsubtask actions extracted originally from the interview process. Second was to figure out how high in transition an action would get with support.
Generalized Measurement Method for the Determination of the Dynamic Behavior of Magnetic Materials in Any Magnetization State (2010)

broad-band characterization method based on the junction of the full-wave analysis of a nonreciprocal strip transmission line with a predictive permeability tensor model is presented. The aim of this method is the direct measurement of the permeability tensor components spectra of magnetized thick samples, whatever their magnetization state is. The propagation constants of the dominant transverse electromagnetic (TEM) and higher order modes inside the measurement cell are obtained along with its scattering parameters (S-parameters). The apparition of magnetostatic modes and the nonreciprocal nature of the structure are probed. Procedures based on the use of this method to find accurate values of gyromagnetic resonance and the resonance line width (¿H) are proposed. The direct analysis is validated by comparison of the calculated S-parameters with those obtained with an electromagnetic field simulator based on finite element methods (FEM).
Japanese cedar and cypress pollinosis updated: New allergens, cross-reactivity, and treatment (2021)

Pollen from many tree species in the Cupressaceae family is a well-known cause of seasonal allergic diseases worldwide. Japanese cedar pollinosis and Japanese cypress pollinosis, which are caused by pollen from Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), respectively, are the most prevalent seasonal allergic diseases in Japan. Recently, the novel major Japanese cypress allergen Cha o 3 and the homologous Japanese cedar allergen Cry j cellulase were identified, and it was shown, for the first time, that cellulase in plants is allergenic. Although the allergenic components of pollen from both species exhibit high amino acid sequence identity, their pollinosis responded differently to allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) using a standardized extract of Japanese cedar pollen. Pharmacotherapy and ASIT for Japanese cedar and cypress pollinosis have advanced considerably in recent years. In particular, Japanese cedar ASIT has entered a new phase, primarily in response to the generation of updated efficacy data and the development of new formulations. In this review, we focus on both Japanese cypress and cedar pollinosis, and discuss the latest findings, newly identified causative allergens, and new treatments. To manage pollinosis symptoms during spring effectively, ASIT for both Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress pollen is considered necessary.
Common Genetic Variants in ANK2 Modulate QT Interval (2008)

Common genetic variants juxtaposed with novel exons in the distant 5' genomic region of ANK2 influence the QT interval length in the general population. These findings support the role of ankyrin-B in normal cardiac electric activity.
Scatternet Formation in Bluetooth Networks (2004)

This chapter describes solutions to the fundamental problems that need to be addressed for the self-organization of Bluetooth devices into an ad hoc network. We describe the solutions proposed thus far for scatternet formation, and then introduce the basics of the Bluetooth technology. We define the problems underlying scatternet formation, and we also sum up the describable properties that should be satisfied by a generated scatternet. Later, we describe some concerns raised by the implementation of some of the protocols according to the current version of the Bluetooth specifications.
An Amplitude Modulation Detector for Fault Diagnosis in Rolling Element Bearings (2004)

The purpose of this research is to identify single-point defects in rolling element bearings. These defects produce characteristic fault frequencies that appear in the machine vibration and tend to modulate the machine's frequencies of mechanical resonance. An amplitude modulation (AM) detector is developed to identify these interactions and detect the bearing fault while it is still in an incipient stage of development (i.e., to detect the instances of AM when the magnitude of the characteristic fault frequency itself is not significant). Use of this detector only requires machine vibration from one sensor and knowledge of the bearing characteristic fault frequencies. Computer simulations as well as machine vibration data from bearings containing outer race faults are used to confirm the proficiency of this proposed technique.
Serum Hydrogen Sulfide and Outcome Association in Pneumonia by the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (2020)

It is concluded that H2S is a potential marker for severity and final outcome of pneumonia by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Its correlation with IL-6 suggests anti-inflammatory properties.
Ostanovka V Pustyne: Stikhotvoreniia I Poemy. By Iosif Brodsky. New York: Izdatel'stvo Imeni Chekhova, 1970. 228 pp. $5.00, paper. (1971)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Mitochondrial Calcium and Its Role in Calcification (1974)

Mitochondrial Calcium and Its Role in Calcification: Histochemical Localization of Calcium in Electron Micrographs of the Epiphyseal Growth Plate with K-Pyroantimonate Carl Brighton;Robert Hunt; Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
Downregulation of ROCK2 through Nanocomplex Sensitizes the Cytotoxic Effect of Temozolomide in U251 Glioma Cells (2014)

In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the combination of TMZ and siROCK2 effectively induces apoptosis and inhibits the migration of U251 cells. Therefore, the combination of TMZ and siROCK2 complex is a potential therapeutic approach for human glioma.
Lasing based on periodically patterned anisotropic thin film metamaterial (2019)

We study random lasing from Rhodamine 6G dye infiltrated into a periodically patterned, anisotropic thin film metamaterial. The periodic anisotropy is created by depositing silver nanocolumnar structures on a diffraction grating. The nanocolumnar structures provide the required optical feedback for the lasing.
Influence of Si and Ni on Surface Hot-shortness of Cu-Sn Containing Steel Heated in Water Vapor Containing Atmosphere (2003)

This paper describes the influence of Si and Ni on surface hot-shortness of 0.3%Cu-0.04%Sn containing steel heated in water vapor containing atmosphere, where the atmosphere was changed in a manner of x%H2O-1%O2-bal.N2 (x=0, 10, 20, 30). Surface hot-shortness was assessed by measuring the surface cracking depth occurring in the 1100°C hot-deformed specimens after 1250°C heating in the water vapor atmosphere. The microstructure at the scale/steel interface was closely observed and the effect of the mass gain on surface cracking depth was investigated.For lower than 0.01% Si steel, the surface cracking depth increased largely with the mass gain, while an addition of 0.1% Si seems to suppress the surface cracking, especially at increased mass gains and the change with the mass gain was small. Steels with 0.14%Ni-Si<0.01% and 0.14%Ni-0.02%Si contained showed unexpectedly a marked surface cracking even in as low as 0.6 kg/m2 mass gain of 0%H2O-1%O2-bal.N2 and the surface cracking decreased considerably with an increase in the mass gain.Si and Ni were found to be favorable alloying elements for suppression of the surface hot-shortness at increased mass gains in water vapor containing atmosphere. The mechanism of the suppression was discussed in terms of the unevenness of scale/steel interface and occlusion of Cu-Sn-Ni or Cu-Sn enriched liquid alloy into the scale.
GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF FSA, HRA and HSA FUNDS TO PURCHASE OVER THE COUNTER PRODUCTs AFTER 1/1/11 (2011)

1. FSA or HRA funds can no longer be used to purchase OTC medicine and drugs unless a medicine or drug is prescribed. A “prescription” means a written or electronic order for a medicine or drug that meets the legal requirements of a prescription in the state in which the medical expense is incurred and that is issued by an individual who is legally authorized to issue a prescription in that state.
Translational control mediated by eucaryotic initiation factor-2 is restricted to specific mRNAs in transfected cells. (1987)

The translational efficiency of mRNA molecules transcribed from plasmid DNA transfected into COS-1 monkey cells can be increased 10- to 20-fold by the coexpression of the adenovirus virus-associated RNAs I and II. Experiments described here demonstrate a similar increase in translational efficiency by the addition of 2-aminopurine, an inhibitor of double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase, to the culture medium. Both virus-associated RNA and 2-aminopurine presumably exert their effect by alteration of the functional level of eucaryotic initiation factor-2. The translational stimulation mediated by both means is shown to be restricted to the plasmid-derived mRNAs because there is no qualitative or quantitative alteration in host protein synthesis. The results are consistent with models invoking a localized activation of double-stranded RNA-activated kinase leading to a translational block.
Stem Cell Based Cancer Gene Therapy (2011)

The attractiveness of prodrug cancer gene therapy by stem cells targeted to tumors lies in activating the prodrug directly within the tumor mass, thus avoiding systemic toxicity. Suicide gene therapy using genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells has the advantage of being safe, because prodrug administration not only eliminates tumor cells but consequently kills the more resistant therapeutic stem cells as well. This review provides an explanation of the stem cell-targeted prodrug cancer gene therapy principle, with focus on the choice of prodrug, properties of bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem and neural stem cells as well as the mechanisms of their tumor homing ability. Therapeutic achievements of the cytosine deaminase/5-fluorocytosine prodrug system and Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir are discussed. In addition, delivery of immunostimulatory cytokines, apoptosis inducing genes, nanoparticles and antiangiogenic proteins by stem cells to tumors and metastases is discussed as a promising approach for antitumor therapy. Combinations of traditional, targeted and stem cell-directed gene therapy could significantly advance the treatment of cancer.
Early ischemic lesion recurrence within a week after acute ischemic stroke (2003)

Previous observations suggested that multiple ischemic lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) are common in acute stroke patients. We hypothesized that a source of these multiple lesions was the recurrence of ischemic lesions within a week after a clinically symptomatic stroke. We analyzed 99 acute ischemic stroke patients scanned within 6 hours of onset and at subsequent times within the first week. Ischemic lesion recurrence was defined as any new lesion separate from the index lesion. Recurrent lesions occurring outside initial perfusion deficit were termed 'distant lesion recurrence'. We estimated the hazard ratio (HR) of recurrence associated with clinical and imaging characteristics using log-rank test. Any lesion recurrence was found in 34%, with distant lesion recurrence in 15%, while clinical recurrence was evident in 2%. Initial multiple DWI lesions were associated with any lesion recurrence (HR, 2.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65-10.29; p = 0.002) and with distant lesion recurrence (HR, 5.99; 95% CI, 4.05-64.07; p < 0.0001). Large-artery atherosclerosis was the most frequent stroke subtype associated with any lesion recurrence (p = 0.026). These results may indicate a prolonged state of increased ischemic risk over the first week and suggest DWI as a possible surrogate measure for recurrent stroke.
A scalable HDD video recording solution using a real-time file system (2003)

We present a scalable solution that enables a single mainstream hard disk drive (HDD) to simultaneously record and play back multiple real-time (RT) video streams, in addition to supporting non-RT PC-like applications. The solution is scalable to different types of disks, different numbers of streams with different bit rates, and various non-RT applications.
LCE: An Object-Oriented Database Application Development Tool. (1988)

Cirrhotic patients displayed dysfunctions in the coagulation, anti-coagulation and fibrolytic systems. The development of PVT in these patients may be independently associated with the decrease of PC, PS and D-dimer. Furthermore, decreasing PC and increasing D-dimer may be risk factors inducing PVT in cirrhotic patients.
Instrumentation Framework for Molten Salt Reactors (2018)

This report provides an overview of the specialized instrumentation necessary to operate and maintain liquid-fueled molten salt reactors (MSRs). The report does not include non-specialized industrial process control instrumentation, fissile material tracking instrumentation, or digital control/communication technologies. The report focuses on identifying MSR measurement technology gaps, and recommending research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) activities to close the identified gaps. To a large extent modern MSRs can rely on the instrumentation demonstrated during prior MSR development efforts. No fundamental technology gaps have been identified that would prevent operating or maintaining MSRs. However, improved instrumentation technology combined with the integration of modern process modeling and simulation could significantly improve the reliability and decrease the operating costs of future plants. The largest potential impact of new instrumentation technologies is in the integration of maintenance automation into reactor operations. Flow measurement has the largest technology hurdles remaining for to enable deployment of robust systems. Also, the technology for reliable, on-line fuel salt sample acquisition remains at relatively low technology readiness.
Antigenic regions defined by monoclonal antibodies correspond to structural domains of avian lysozyme. (1984)

The epitopes recognized by six new BALB/c hybridomas specific for the protein antigen hen egg-white lysozyme (HEL) were mapped in detail. Although fine specificities of all the antibodies were distinct, many of the epitopes overlap in complex patterns. The antibodies could be grouped into three complementation groups, one of which also included the previously characterized HyHEL -5 which is specific for Arg68 . Complex interactions were observed among the antibodies, both among and within complementation groups, including nonreciprocal competition and enhanced binding. Two of the complementation groups mapped near the catalytic site in a new antigenic region. The antibodies HyHEL -8 and HyHEL -10 had very similar and over-lapping specificities, and may recognize very closely related epitopes. The results suggest that the epitopes may form a continuous antigenic surface, and that antigenic regions correspond to structural domains defined by the tertiary structure of HEL.
Endocytic delivery of lipocalin-siderophore-iron complex rescues the kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury (2005)

Neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (Ngal), also known as siderocalin, forms a complex with iron-binding siderophores (Ngal:siderophore:Fe). This complex converts renal progenitors into epithelial tubules. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that Ngal:siderophore:Fe protects adult kidney epithelial cells or accelerates their recovery from damage. Using a mouse model of severe renal failure, ischemia-reperfusion injury, we show that a single dose of Ngal (10 μg), introduced during the initial phase of the disease, dramatically protects the kidney and mitigates azotemia. Ngal activity depends on delivery of the protein and its siderophore to the proximal tubule. Iron must also be delivered, since blockade of the siderophore with gallium inhibits the rescue from ischemia. The Ngal:siderophore:Fe complex upregulates heme oxygenase-1, a protective enzyme, preserves proximal tubule N-cadherin, and inhibits cell death. Because mouse urine contains an Ngal-dependent siderophore-like activity, endogenous Ngal might also play a protective role. Indeed, Ngal is highly accumulated in the human kidney cortical tubules and in the blood and urine after nephrotoxic and ischemic injury. We reveal what we believe to be a novel pathway of iron traffic that is activated in human and mouse renal diseases, and it provides a unique method for their treatment.
Transmission Electron Microscopy to Follow Ultrastructural Modifications of Erythroblasts Upon ex vivo Human Erythropoiesis (2022)

Throughout mammal erythroid differentiation, erythroblasts undergo enucleation and organelle clearance becoming mature red blood cell. Organelles are cleared by autophagic pathways non-specifically targeting organelles and cytosolic content or by specific mitophagy targeting mitochondria. Mitochondrial functions are essential to coordinate metabolism reprogramming, cell death, and differentiation balance, and also synthesis of heme, the prosthetic group needed in hemoglobin assembly. In mammals, mitochondria subcellular localization and mitochondria interaction with other structures as endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus might be of importance for the removal of the nucleus, that is, the enucleation. Here, we aim to characterize by electron microscopy the changes in ultrastructure of cells over successive stages of human erythroblast differentiation. We focus on mitochondria to gain insights into intracellular localization, ultrastructure, and contact with other organelles. We found that mitochondria are progressively cleared with a significant switch between PolyE and OrthoE stages, acquiring a rounded shape and losing contact sites with both ER (MAM) and nucleus (NAM). We studied intracellular vesicle trafficking and found that endosomes and MVBs, known to be involved in iron traffic and heme synthesis, are increased during BasoE to PolyE transition; autophagic structures such as autophagosomes increase from ProE to OrthoE stages. Finally, consistent with metabolic switch, glycogen accumulation was observed in OrthoE stage.
Modification of FAO Penman–Monteith equation for minor components of energy (2018)

Abstract The conventional Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Penman–Monteith (P-M) equation requires knowledge of the available energy to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ETo); however, it is common to ignore the minor energy components (MECs). This study was conducted to determine the effect of not including the MECs in the FAO P-M equation. Fifteen-min micrometeorological records of four sites (covered with corn, soybeans, and prairie) in central Iowa, USA, during the years 2007–2012 were investigated. The major/minor components of the energy equation were either measured or estimated by in-situ eddy covariance instruments. It was discovered that, on average, the MECs accounted for at least 13% of daily net radiation, leading to 27% decrease in daily ETo. Therefore, an equation is introduced to estimate MECs as a function of net radiation, air temperature, and Monin–Obukhov length; and another equation is regressed to roughly estimate daily MECs as a function of net radiation and day of the year. The findings in this study suggest a fundamental modification of FAO P-M formula by considering the inclusion of MECs in the energy term.
Improvement of conduction in 3-D NAND memory devices by channel and junction optimization (2019)

We explore different ways to improve the quality of polysilicon channel in 3-D NAND flash devices to increase the current conduction. The analysis includes the formation of the device bottom junction (benchmarking diffused vs. epitaxially grown source), the role of defect passivation, the role of the protection layer on channel crystallization and the impact of macaroni channel thickness on grain size and on transistor performance.
Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Antiretroviral Activity of Multiple Doses of Ibalizumab (formerly TNX-355), an Anti-CD4 Monoclonal Antibody, in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Adults (2008)

Ibalizumab (formerly TNX-355) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds CD4, the primary receptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and inhibits the viral entry process. A phase lb multidose study of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiviral activity of ibalizumab was conducted with 22 HIV-1-infected patients. Nineteen patients were randomized to receive either 10 mg/kg of body weight weekly (arm A) or a 10-mg/kg loading dose followed by 6 mg/kg every 2 weeks (arm B) intravenously for 9 weeks. Three patients were assigned to receive 25 mg/kg every 2 weeks for five doses (arm C). During the study, the patients remained off other antiretrovirals or continued a stable failing regimen. Treatment with ibalizumab resulted in substantial reductions in HIV-1 RNA levels (0.5 to 1.7 log(10)) in 20 of 22 subjects. In most patients, HIV-1 RNA fell to nadir levels after 1 to 2 weeks of treatment and then returned to baseline despite continued treatment. Baseline viral isolates were susceptible to ibalizumab in vitro, regardless of coreceptor tropism. Emerging resistance to ibalizumab was manifested by reduced maximal percent inhibition in a single-cycle HIV infectivity assay. Resistant isolates remained CD4 dependent and were susceptible to enfuvirtide in vitro. Complete coating of CD4(+) T-cell receptors was correlated with serum ibalizumab concentrations. There was no evidence of CD4(+) T-cell depletion in ibalizumab-treated patients. Ibalizumab was not immunogenic, and no serious drug-related adverse effects occurred. In conclusion, ibalizumab administered either weekly or biweekly was safe and well tolerated and demonstrated antiviral activity. Further studies with ibalizumab in combination with standard antiretroviral treatments are warranted.