gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decreased Birth Weight, Length, and Head Circumference in Children Born by Women Years After Treatment for Hyperthyroidism (2014)

Previous GD or TNG may influence the birth characteristics several years after radioiodine or surgical treatment.
Mass and density of the transiting hot and rocky super-Earth LHS 1478 b (TOI-1640 b) (2021)

One of the main objectives of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission is the discovery of small rocky planets around relatively bright nearby stars. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of the transiting super-Earth planet orbiting LHS 1478 (TOI-1640). The star is an inactive red dwarf ( J ~ 9.6 mag and spectral type m3 V) with mass and radius estimates of 0.20 ± 0.01 M ⊙ and 0.25 ± 0.01 R ⊙ , respectively, and an effective temperature of 3381 ± 54 K. It was observed by TESS in four sectors. These data revealed a transit-like feature with a period of 1.949 days. We combined the TESS data with three ground-based transit measurements, 57 radial velocity (RV) measurements from CARMENES, and 13 RV measurements from IRD, determining that the signal is produced by a planet with a mass of 2.33 −0.20 +0.20 M ⊕ and a radius of 1.24 −0.05 +0.05 R ⊕ . The resulting bulk density of this planet is 6.67 g cm −3 , which is consistent with a rocky planet with an Fe- and MgSiO 3 -dominated composition. Although the planet would be too hot to sustain liquid water on its surface (its equilibrium temperature is about ~595 K, suggesting aVenus-like atmosphere), spectroscopic metrics based on the capabilities of the forthcoming James Webb Space Telescope and the fact that the host star is rather inactive indicate that this is one of the most favorable known rocky exoplanets for atmospheric characterization.
Effect of Ball-Milling on the Properties of Mg<SUB>2</SUB>Cu Hydrogen Storage Alloy (2008)

We investigated by differential scanning calorimetry the effect of ball milling on the hydrogenation properties of Mg2Cu, a hydrogen storage alloy, prepared by two methods: One is mechanically alloyed Mg2Cu using Mg and Cu powders as starting materials. Eight hours (=28.8 ks) of ball milling transformed the Mg:Cu=2:1 mixture into Mg2Cu single phase which reacts reversibly with hydrogen. The other is prepared by ball milling a cast Mg2Cu alloy. While the as-cast Mg2Cu undergoes neither hydrogenation nor dehydrogenation under 3 MPa of hydrogen in the temperature range of 300–773 K, just an hour of ball milling activates the inert Mg2Cu to react with hydrogen reversibly. Examining the milling period dependency of the particle size, crystallite size, activation energy and the apparent heat of dehydrogenation which reflects the fraction of activated part in a specimen, we found that the ball milling firstly influenced the particle size and the activated fraction of the sample, and then followed the effect on the crystallite size and kinetic properties. We also found that a trace amount of oxygen could significantly spoil the benefits brought by the ball milling for longer period of milling.
Catechin-Rich Green Tea Extract Reduced Intestinal Inflammation and Fasting Glucose in Metabolic Syndrome and Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial (2022)

Preclinical evidence demonstrated that catechin-rich green tea extract (GTE) improves gut barrier function and reduces intestinal and systemic inflammation. Thus, this clinical trial was conducted to test the hypothesis that GTE would alleviate intestinal inflammation relative to cardiometabolic risk in persons with metabolic syndrome (MetS). We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial in adults with MetS and age- and gender-matched healthy persons who received confections without (placebo) or with 1 g/d GTE (890 mg catechins) for 28 d while following a low-polyphenol diet. Dietary polyphenols, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and lipids were assessed at d 0, 14, and 28 of each intervention. Intestinal inflammation was assessed by measuring neutrophil-derived calprotectin and myeloperoxidase by ELISA in pooled stool samples collected over the last 3 d of each intervention. Data were analyzed using RM ANOVA and multiple linear regression. MetS (n = 21; 40 ± 3 y; 35 ± 1 kg/m2) and healthy (n = 19; 34 ± 2 y; 22 ± 0.4 kg/m2) persons completed the study with high compliance (>95%), no adverse effects, or changes in body mass. Participants’ total polyphenol intakes decreased during each intervention compared with baseline (P < 0.001). Fecal calprotectin and myeloperoxidase were lower (P < 0.05) in GTE compared with placebo regardless of health status. Although fasting insulin, triglycerides, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were unaffected by treatment, fasting glucose decreased (P < 0.01) in response to GTE regardless of health status. Age (β = −0.29; P = 0.05) and between-trial changes in myeloperoxidase (β = 0.03; P < 0.04) were predictive of changes in insulin after controlling for sex, waist circumference, and changes in blood lipids and calprotectin. Dietary intervention with GTE-rich confections in weight-stable healthy and MetS adults decreased fasting glucose and intestinal inflammation, which was associated with improvements in fasting insulin. This suggests that gut-level anti-inflammatory activities of GTE may improve glycemic control with reductions in intestinal inflammation contributing to enhance insulin sensitivity. USDA-NIFA, USDA-HATCH, and the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center at the Ohio State University.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Response to MET Inhibitors in Patients with Stage IV Lung Adenocarcinomas Harboring <i>MET</i> Mutations Causing Exon 14 Skipping (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Representative photomicrographs from 3 patient samples demonstrating tumor localization on the left (H&amp;E staining) and MET protein expression by IHC on the right. High membranous MET protein expression by IHC is present in all samples (H-score = 300).&lt;/p&gt;
[Clinical evaluation of a dual chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator]. (2000)

Single-chamber ventricular cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of sudden cardiac death due to malignant ventricular arrhythmias. However, inappropriate therapy due to supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (mainly atrial fibrillation) affects up to 34% of patients. Moreover, it has been estimated that up to 20% of ICD patients are in the need of physiological antibradycardia pacing. Use of dual-chamber ICD offers an atrial signal for better ability to discriminate atrial from ventricular tachyarrhythmias as well as a maintenance of AV synchrony, what may be of critical importance for patients with a compromised left ventricular function. In the present study we describe our preliminary clinical experience with a dual-chamber ICD's implanted in 20 patients. During the implantation and in-hospital testing, 95 induced VT/VF episodes were correctly diagnosed by ICD, as well as 28 induced FA episodes. Over a mean follow-up period of 10 +/- 6 months, 98 tachycardia episodes were recorded. All 76 VT/VF episodes were correctly diagnosed, as were 18 of 22 FA. Four FA episodes were diagnosed as VT/VF and treated by antitachycardia pacing in 2 cases and by shock in 2. Thus, sensitivity and specificity of VT/VF detection are 100% and 82% respectively. A dual-chamber ICD appears to improve discrimination of atrial from ventricular tachyarrhythmias without loss of sensitivity and to decrease occurrence of inappropriate therapy. AV synchrony, by improving the hemodynamic status of the patient (mainly in those with impaired left ventricular function), may demonstrate better survival and comfort of life.
Modulation of transforming growth factor alpha‐dependent expression of epidermal growth factor receptor gene by transforming growth factor beta, triiodothyronine, and retinoic acid (1989)

We have investigated the actions of transforming growth factor (TGF) type alpha on epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor mRNA expression in MDA-468 human mammary carcinoma cells in serum-free media. We found that exposure of MDA-468 cells to TGF alpha results in elevated levels of EGF receptor mRNA. This increase in mRNA accumulation showed time and dose dependence. Addition of TGF beta 1 enhanced the accumulation of EGF receptor mRNA induced by TGF alpha in a time- and dose-dependent manner. We also found that triiodothyronine at physiological concentrations exerts synergistic control on the action of TGF alpha alone, or in association with TGF beta 1, on EGF receptor mRNA expression. Similarly, retinoic acid treatment also enhanced in a time- and dose-dependent manner the TGF alpha-dependent response of EGF receptor mRNA and acted synergistically with TGF beta 1. The results described here suggest that optimum regulation of EGF receptor gene expression by TGF alpha is a complex process involving synergistic interactions with heterologous growth factors and hormones.
Abstract #2786: Apoptosis induced by JAK2 inhibition requires Bim and is enhanced by a BH3 mimetic ABT-737 in JAK2 mutant human erythroid cells (2009)

The activating mutation JAK2V617F has been shown to play a central role in the pathogenesis of polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis. Inhibition of mutant JAK2 activity leads to growth inhibition and apoptosis in cells with mutated JAK2. However, the pro-apoptotic proteins involved in JAK2 inhibition-induced apoptosis remain unclear. Recently, it has been shown that the BH3-only protein Bim is one of the main effectors of tyrosine kinase inhibitor-mediated apoptosis in BCR-ABL positive chronic myelogenous leukemia cells, EGFR mutant lung cancer cells, and B-RAF mutant tumor cells. They show striking initial response to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and may use Bim as a common mediator during apoptosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that up-regulation of active Bim may be necessary for apoptosis induced by JAK2 inhibition in cells carrying constitutively activated JAK2 mutations. In this study, we examined two JAK2 mutant cell lines, HEL and CHRF-288-11 cells and observed that JAK2 inhibition-induced apoptosis led to inactivation of STAT5 and ERK1/2, up-regulation of de-phosphorylated Bim, as well as down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL, suggesting that balance of Bim/BCL-xL may be critical for JAK2 inhibition-induced apoptosis. The BH3 mimetic agent ABT-737 induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion in HEL cells. Knockdown of Bim in stably transfected HEL cells using a small hairpin RNA construct completely inhibited apoptosis induced by JAK2 inhibition. Knockdown of Bim led to lack of Bax activation and failure of inner mitochondrial membrane potential breakdown with JAK2 inhibition. Addition of ABT-737 fully restored induction of apoptosis with JAK2 inhibition in the Bim knockdown HEL cells. Thus, these data confirmed that the intrinsic apoptosis pathway was inactive in the absence of Bim. In addition, ABT-737 enhanced the apoptosis induced by JAK2 inhibition in wild type HEL cells. Moreover, the combination of JAK Inhibitor I and ABT-737 reduced the number of erythroid colonies derived from primary CD34 positive cells from PV patients more efficiently than either drug alone. Progenitor cells committed to the granulocytic or monocytic lineages were not significantly impaired by this combination of agents. Taken together, our data indicate that Bim is a key effector molecule in JAK2 inhibition-induced apoptosis and that manipulation of the apoptotic pathway could provide a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with myeloproliferative disorders carrying activating mutations of the tyrosine kinase JAK2. Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2786.
Arctic Ice Island and Ice Shelf Studies: Part I (1958)

Summarizes some physical characteristics of ice island T-3 and its presumed source, the ice shelf off northern Ellesmere. Investigations since 1952 are described, results tabulated and graphed. The maximum ice thickness of the ice shelf was 60 m and that of T-3, 68 m (averaging 0.905 gm/cm&amp;sup3; in density from the surface to a depth of 16 m). Dust from dirt layers (collecting in small holes) on T-1 and T-3 appears to have originated from a land mass underlain partly by volcanic rock and partly by metamorphic and plutonic types and to have been wind-deposited. Deep cores on T-3 revealed a sequence of dirt layers to 28 m with clear ice below, the composition and grain size the same in all the layers; the heaviest were near the surface (amounting to 114-122 gm/m&amp;sup2;) and at depths of 25 and 28 m (80 gm/m&amp;sup2;). Four types of ice were observed on Ellesmere ice shelf and on T-3 in 1953 and 1954: iced firn, glacier, lake and sea ice; in 1955 only iced firn and lake ice were identified on the island. Temperatures recorded below the depth of annual change at the ice rise near Ward Hunt Island were -17.7 &amp;deg;C at 12.2 m and -17.3 &amp;deg;C at 18.0 m. Rocks, and plant and animal specimens found on T-3 are examined in relation to the possible origin of the island. Strand cracks at the junction between floating and grounded ice on the Ward Hunt ice shelf are also considered. From SIPRE [Snow, Ice, and Permafrost Research Establishment].
Finite element analysis of a multilayer piezoelectric actuator taking into account the ferroelectric and ferroelastic behaviors (2005)

Ferroelasticity and ferroelectricity are the non linear behaviours exhibited by piezoceramics, especially in the case of high electric field or stress. Many studies have focused on the role of ferroelastic and ferroelectric switching in fracture of actuators. However, engineering reliability analyses are carried out with tools like finite element software that do not take into account these non linear phenomena. To overcome such a problem, a simplified phenomenological constitutive law has been developed and describe the hysteresis effect of piezoceramics. It is time-independent and relies on the introduction of remnant polarization and remnant strain as internal variables. Two loading surfaces, similar to the ones used in plasticity, provide the evolution laws for the internal variables. Besides, polarization-induced anisotropy in the piezoelectric tensor is taken into account. That constitutive law has been implemented in the commercial software ABAQUS. It has been necessary to develop a finite element with electrical and mechanical degrees of freedom: it is an eight node hexahedron. The stiffness matrix integrates the constitutive law from the four tangent operators given by the constitutive law. The non linear problem is solved by the Newtons method. This finite element tool is used to study the effects of applied voltage on the electroelastic field concentrations ahead of electrodes in a multilayer piezoelectric actuator. The study lies on the experimental observations made by Shindo et al. [1]. Electroelastic analysis on piezoceramics with surface electrode showed that high values of stress and electric displacement arose in the neighbourhood of the electrode tip. Thus, the strain, stress and electric displacement concentrations were calculated and the numerical results showed that ferroelectric switching arose in the area of the electrode tip, causing a change in remnant polarization and remnant strain.
Use of Bender Elements in Soil Dynamics Experiments (1991)

Transducers employing piezoelectric bender elements have been found to be versatile sources and receivers of small-amplitude shear waves, with multiple potential applications. The constitutive parts and operation of a basic bender-element shear wave velocity measurement system incorporated in a triaxial loading apparatus are described. This system permits low-strain shear wave velocity measurements to be made on the same samples which will then be subjected to large-strain tests. Typical results correlating acoustic parameters to fabric differences and liquefaction resistance of sands are presented, and other potential applications are discussed.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of 2‐Phenoxy‐indan‐1‐one Derivatives as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nuclear Fuel Cycle Technologies: Current Challenges and Future Plans - 12558 (2012)

The mission of the Office of Nuclear Energy’s Fuel Cycle Technologies office (FCT program) is to provide options for possible future changes in national nuclear energy programs. While the recent draft report of the Blue Ribbon Commission on America’s Nuclear Future stressed the need for organization changes, interim waste storage and the establishment of a permanent repository for nuclear waste management, it also recognized the potential value of alternate fuel cycles and recommended continued research and development in that area. With constrained budgets and great expectations, the current challenges are significant. The FCT program now performs R&D covering the entire fuel cycle. This broad R&D scope is a result of the assignment of new research and development (R&D) responsibilities to the Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), as well as reorganization within NE. This scope includes uranium extraction from seawater and uranium enrichment R&D, used nuclear fuel recycling technology, advanced fuel development, and a fresh look at a range of disposal geologies. Additionally, the FCT program performs the necessary systems analysis and screening of fuel cycle alternatives that will identify the most promising approaches and areas of technology gaps. Finally, the FCT program is responsible for a focused effort to consider features of fuel cycle technology in a way that promotes nonproliferation and security, such as Safeguards and Security by Design, and advanced monitoring and predictive modeling capabilities. This paper and presentation will provide an overview of the FCT program R&D scope and discuss plans to analyze fuel cycle options and support identified R&D priorities into the future.
Development of A Medical Device for Quantitative Physical Therapies (2008)

Physical therapies using mechanical loadings are widely used for improving and recovering the physical activities of human tissues. It is generally accepted that such therapies promote health and well-being by many mechanisms, including fastening muscle blood flow, parasympathetic activity, releasing relaxation hormones and inhibiting muscle tension, neuromuscular excitability and stress hormones. Nonetheless, most of current research in this area is based on statistics and thus qualitative, preventing the in-depth study of the effectiveness of these therapies. It is partially due to the lack of appropriate tools for quantitative loading and in situ tissue evaluation. To address this, we developed a medical device that resembles the mechanical motions and loadings that occur in massage therapies by applying combinations of compressive and shear loadings to the subject tissues. This device consists of a loading wheel, a force sensor, a pneumatic actuator, a control system and a data acquisition system. In this work, mechanical forces were applied to the lower limbs of rabbits with controllable magnitudes, frequencies and durations. The changes of mechanical properties of the subjects, including the compliance and the viscosity, were in situ measured as a function of the loading dose, and correlated to the results from biomolecular assay. This device can quickly identify the optimal sets of loading parameters which lead to high effectiveness, and thus provide guidance to practitioners to design their therapies. It is also expected to shed light on the fundamental study of biomechanical forces in regulation of the physiologic conditions of cells and tissues.
Thin Film Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a New Kinetically Preferred Polymorph in the RE2Ti2O7 (RE = La−Y) Family (2009)

A new polymorph was found for all RE2Ti2O7 (RE = La−Y) compounds during their growth as epitaxial films on SrTiO3(110) substrates. Detailed structural characterization using X-ray and electron diffraction revealed that the new polymorph adopts an orthorhombic crystal structure with the space group Ammm and unit cell parameters (for La) of a = 7.89, b = 5.54, c = 13.45 Å; the refined lattice parameters decreased monotonically with decreasing size of the RE cation. Though these parameters are similar to those of the known monoclinic (110)-layered perovskite polymorph, the structures are not related by simple distortive transformations. While both of these polymorphs can be formed as epitaxial films on SrTiO3(110) substrates at T ∼ 900 °C, the new polymorph is favored in conditions where diffusion is more limited between pulses. This implies that the new polymorph is kinetically favored during nucleation over the (110)-layered perovskite phase, in agreement with the smaller electroneutral unit of the new polymorph.
Enchantment: Three Meditations for Two Pianos (2007)

. Written for Lawrence Blind to celebrate the birth of twins, Alexandra and William. Blind and the composer premiered the set at a concert of Mauldin’s piano works held at Washburn Piano Company in Albuquerque on April 21, 2007. Movement Titles: With Reverence (3:34), Tenderly (3:33), With Excitement (2:43). ASCAP Title Code: 351625057. Date Composed: 2007. Copyright: 2008 M Mauldin. Duration: 9:54. Score/Parts: M Mauldin (manuscript and computer generated, available for sale).
Do All Coccidia Follow the Same Trafficking Rules? (2021)

The Coccidia are a subclass of the Apicomplexa and include several genera of protozoan parasites that cause important diseases in humans and animals, with <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> becoming the 'model organism' for research into the coccidian molecular and cellular processes. The amenability to the cultivation of <i>T. gondii</i> tachyzoites and the wide availability of molecular tools for this parasite have revealed many mechanisms related to their cellular trafficking and roles of parasite secretory organelles, which are critical in parasite-host interaction. Nevertheless, the extrapolation of the <i>T. gondii</i> mechanisms described in tachyzoites to other coccidian parasites should be done carefully. In this review, we considered published data from <i>Eimeria</i> parasites, a coccidian genus comprising thousands of species whose infections have important consequences in livestock and poultry. These studies suggest that the Coccidia possess both shared and diversified mechanisms of protein trafficking and secretion potentially linked to their lifecycles. Whereas trafficking and secretion appear to be well conversed prior to and during host-cell invasion, important differences emerge once endogenous development commences. Therefore, further studies to validate the mechanisms described in <i>T. gondii</i> tachyzoites should be performed across a broader range of coccidians (including <i>T. gondii</i> sporozoites). In addition, further genus-specific research regarding important disease-causing Coccidia is needed to unveil the individual molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis related to their specific lifecycles and hosts.