gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High‐Performance Single‐Crystal‐Based Organic Field‐Effect Transistors from π‐Extended Porphyrin Derivatives (2011)

Single-crystal OFET: Single-crystals of new porphyrin derivatives TTPH2 and TTPZn were obtained from slow diffusion of solvents (see graphic). The organic field-effect transistor (OFET) devices based on these single crystals show relatively high mobilities of 6.2×10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1 for TTPH2 and 0.32 cm2 V−1 s−1 for TTPZn with a high on–off current ratio of >104.
Effects of ethylene biosynthesis in carrot root slices on 6‐methoxymellein accumulation and resistance to Botrytis cinerea (1988)

The role of ethylene biosynthesis in the resistance response of carrot ( Daucus carota L., cv. Chantenay red‐cored) slices to infection by Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Pers. was investigated using aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and inhibitor of 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (EC 4.4.1.‐), and norbornadiene, an inhibitor of ethylene binding. Carrot slices became susceptible to a normally non‐invasive level (10 5 ml ‐1 ) of spores of B. cinerea after treatment with AVG. ACC partially reversed the susceptibility induced by AVG. The ability of a crude pectic enzyme preparation from B. cinerea to induce resistance to a normally invasive level of B. cinerea spores (10 6 ml ‐1 ) was prevented by AVG. Accumulation of the carrot phyto‐alexin 6‐methoxymellein (6‐MM) was prevented by norbornadiene, but it had no effect on the resistance response. An event associated with ethylene biosynthesis other than 6‐MM accumulation appears to be responsible for the resistance of carrot slices to infection by B. cinerea.
Friction stir welds in aluminium: Design S‐N curves from statistical analysis of literature data (2018)

Abstract Appropriate S‐N fatigue design curves for friction stir welded joints in aluminium alloys are currently not specified in design codes and standards. The present paper is intended to assist in enabling standardised fatigue design for such joints, through a comprehensive statistical analysis of more than 500 individual sets of data gathered from published literature. These data are used to establish the usual design fatigue curves for welds that give a 97.7% survival probability with 95% confidence. Experimental fatigue data represent defect‐free butt joints and include both flat plate and tubular joints between similar aluminium alloys (across the range of 2xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, and 7xxx series). Weld conditions include as‐welded, machined, and postweld heat treated under constant amplitude cyclic loading at various stress ratios in the range from R = −1 to 0.5. A systematic comparison is presented by categorising the data according to the alloy type, temper condition, postweld heat treatment, and stress ratio and the correlation with the S‐N design curves from Eurocode 9 is also considered. The fatigue curves presented in this paper will serve as a useful guideline for engineers involved in design of friction stir aluminium joints subjected to in‐service fatigue loading.
A stereoscopic symmetrical quadruple mass gyroscope (2018)

A stereoscopic symmetrical quadruple hair gyroscope (SSQHG) based on capacitive sensing is presented in the paper. A symmetrical device architechture is proposed to realize the differential detection of Coriolos acceleration, thereby effectively eliminate the common mode interference of axial acceleration. Four stereoscopic hair masses are adopted to optimize the angular rate sensitivity performance. The frequency distribution simulations based on Finite Element Method (FEM) program ANSYS have been performed to implement the structural parameters identification. An analog closed-loop self-oscillation driving system and an open-loop sensing system are proposed to detect the angular rate. The preliminary experimental results demonstrate that the atmospheric packaged prototype exhibits an angular rate sensitivity of 7.98 mV/°/s with a drive mode frequency of 465 Hz and a sense mode frequency of 500 Hz.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Stress Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer to Proteasome Inhibitor–Induced Apoptosis (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Stress Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer to Proteasome Inhibitor–Induced Apoptosis
Simplified and accurate analytic model for interference analysis in cellular networks (2014)

We propose a simple, yet accurate, interference prediction model using the widely used two-ring hexagonal network layout in the absence or presence of shadowing. The proposed model only considers two dominant interferers out of the 18 ones that surround the serving base station. The proposed model, in contrast to the fluid model, takes the radial direction into account. This makes our proposed model more accurate than the fluid model as is validated by computer simulations. Using the proposed model, the conditional probability of outage in the presence of shadowing is derived and its accuracy is shown to be within a fraction of a dB for most scenarios and no worse than 2 dB for few exceptional ones. The analysis presented in this paper gives useful insight with respect to the role played by interference in cellular networks.
Porous Materials: Copper Conversion into Cu(OH)2 Nanotubes for Positioning Cu3(BTC)2 MOF Crystals: Controlling the Growth on Flat Plates, 3D Architectures, and as Patterns (Adv. Funct. Mater. 14/2014) (2014)

Controlling metal–organic framework (MOF) growth on different substrates is crucial for device fabrication. An Australian–Japanese collaboration between M. Takahashi, P. Falcaro, and co-workers demonstrates on page 1969 how MOF coatings on flat plates, 3D surfaces, and patterns can be fabricated using a facile, two-step conversion process at room temperature with aqueous/alocholic solutions. Using copper substrates, nanotubes are grown and then quickly converted to MOF crystals, and MOF patterns are fabricated using sunlight.
Reversible photocyclization of achiral dithienylperfluorocyclopentene dopants in a ferroelectric liquid crystal: bistable SSFLC photoswitching (2004)

The spontaneous polarization (PS) of a ferroelectric liquid crystal is modulated reversibly by photocyclization (λ = 313 nm) of dithienyl- and dibenzothienylperfluorocyclopentene dopants with relatively high aspect ratios. Photocyclization of these dopants causes a decrease of PS due to a photomechanical effect which may originate from a loss of conformational flexibility of the dopant upon photocyclization. The degree of PS photomodulation increases with dopant concentration up to the solubility limit of 3 mol%. The maximum polarization photomodulation, ΔPS = 16.2 nC cm−2, is achieved at 6 K below the Curie point with the dopant 1,2-bis(5-(4-heptyloxyphenyl)-2-methylthien-3-yl)perfluorocyclopentene (3c, 3 mol%). The resulting PS photoswitch is fatigue resistant and photochemically bistable. Polarized spectroscopy experiments suggest that the dopants form homogeneous solutions with the FLC host and are integrated within the layer structure of the SmC* phase, with their molecular long axes approximately coincident with the director. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a bistable ferroelectric liquid crystal photoswitch to be reported in the literature.
N2‐Fixation by roots and rhizosphere of sand dune plants (1978)

Abstract Nitrogenase activity (by acetylene reduction assay) has been found on the roots and in the rhizosphere‐soil of various plant species collected from dune soils (Table 1.) located on the west coast of Denmark. Out of twelve plant species, five plant species ( Deschampsia flexuosa, Ammophila arenaria, Calluna vulgaris, Empetrum nigrum and Corynephorus canescens ) revealed a positive nitrogenase activity. Among these five, three were temperate grasses. Except Ammophila arenaria , all four plant species were collected from old sand dune and showed nitrogenase activity on roots as well as in their rhizosphere soil, Ammophila arenaria was collected from fresh sand dune and exhibited nitrogenase activity only on roots (Table 2).
Interplay between Subsurface Ordering, Surface Segregation, and Adsorption on Pt–Ti(111) Near-Surface Alloys (2012)

Using the first-principles cluster expansion (CE) method, we studied the subsurface ordering of Pt/Pt-Ti(111) surface alloys and the effect of this ordering on segregation and adsorption behavior. The clusters included in the CE are optimized by a genetic algorithm to better describe the interactions between Pt and Ti atoms in the subsurface layer. Similar to bulk Pt-Ti alloys, Pt-Ti(111) subsurface alloys show a strong ordering tendency. A series of stable ordered Pt-Ti subsurface structures are identified from the two-dimensional (2D) CE. As an indication of the connection between the 2D and the bulk ordering, the CE predicts a ground-state Pt(8)Ti structure in the (111) subsurface layer, which is the same ordering as the close-packed plane of the bulk Pt(8)Ti compound. We carried out Monte Carlo simulations (MC) using the CE Hamiltonian to study the finite temperature stability of the Pt-Ti subsurface structures. The MC results show that subsurface structures in the Pt-rich range have higher order-disorder transition temperatures than their Ti-rich subsurface counterparts. We calculate the binding energy of different adsorbates (O, S, H, and NO) on Pt-terminated and Ti-segregated surfaces of ordered PtTi and Pt(8)Ti subsurface alloys. The binding of these adsorbates is generally stronger on Ti-segregated surfaces than Pt-terminated surfaces. The adsorption-induced Ti surface segregation is determined by two factors: (i) the unfavorable energy penalty for the Ti atom to segregate to the clean surface and (ii) the favorable energy decrease from stronger adsorbate binding on the Ti-segregated surface. The two factors introduce similar magnitude in energy change for the S and NO adsorption on Ti-segregated surfaces of PtTi subsurface alloys. We predict an adsorption-induced Ti surface segregation that is dependent on the atomic configurations of the Ti-segregated surfaces resulting from the competition of the two factors.
Influence of Different Substrates in Detoxification Activity of Adult Rat Hepatocytes in Long-Term Culture: Implications for Transplantation (1992)

Substrates used to immobilize hepatocytes for transplantation govern attachment and long-term metabolic activity of these cells. The choice of these substrates is based on the familiarity with proteinaceous materials that are constituents of the extracellular matrix. The use of substrates that recognize carbohydrates on the cell surface may provide an alternative method to attach adult mammalian hepatocytes. In this study, immobilized lectins on tissue culture plasticware were used to support hepatocyte attachment. Long-term cultures with these substrates were compared with control cultures seeded on a mixture of collagen types I and III (Vitrogen). To evaluate the attachment efficiency and long-term maintenance of diazepam metabolic activity of hepatocytes seeded on different commercially available plasticware, four different types of polymers (supplied as 60-mm dishes) were tested. Diazepam, a benzodiazepine metabolized by the P450 intracytoplasmic pathway, is associated with a synaptic receptor (GABA-benzodiazepine receptor) which plays an important role in hepatic coma. Polymethylpentene, a derivative of polypropylene treated by plasma discharge, was the best polymer to maintain P450 phenotypic expression, although other polymers provided similar cell attachment efficiencies. The amounts of adsorbed concanavalin A, Arachis hypogaea (peanut), Lens culinaris, and Pisum sativum agglutinin correlate with the percentage values of hepatocyte attachment. Cell attachment to wheat germ agglutinin increased with increased lectin concentrations in spite of constant amounts of adsorbed lectin, whereas hepatocyte attachment to Bandieraea simplicifolia agglutinin was lower and did not change at different lectin concentrations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A seven atom cluster in a carbon cage, the crystallographically determined structure of Sc4(μ3-O)3@Ih-C80 (2009)

The tetrahedral array of four scandium atoms with oxygen atoms capping three of the four faces found in Sc(4)(mu(3)-O)(3)@I(h)-C(80) is the largest cluster isolated to date inside a fullerene cage.
Long-term tissue tolerance of titanium-encapsulated cobalt-samarium implants. (1992)

The tissue reactions of titanium-coated cobalt-samarium magnets were investigated following their full-thickness implantation into the skulls of dogs and pigs (six of each species). The implants, together with the surrounding bone, were removed en bloc 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively. Following physical and radiological examinations, the excised samples were subjected to histologic investigation. The osseointegration process was observed to follow a normal course around the titanium capsule. The magnetic field did not give rise to any tissue changes that could be demonstrated by means of classical histologic methods.
Efficient Pruning of Large Knowledge Graphs (2018)

In this paper we present an efficient and highly accurate algorithm to prune noisy or over-ambiguous knowledge graphs given as input an extensional definition of a domain of interest, namely as a set of instances or concepts. Our method climbs the graph in a bottom-up fashion, iteratively layering the graph and pruning nodes and edges in each layer while not compromising the connectivity of the set of input nodes. Iterative layering and protection of pre-defined nodes allow to extract semantically coherent DAG structures from noisy or over-ambiguous cyclic graphs, without loss of information and without incurring in computational bottlenecks, which are the main problem of state-of-the-art methods for cleaning large, i.e., Web-scale, knowledge graphs. We apply our algorithm to the tasks of pruning automatically acquired taxonomies using benchmarking data from a SemEval evaluation exercise, as well as the extraction of a domain-adapted taxonomy from the Wikipedia category hierarchy. The results show the superiority of our approach over state-of-art algorithms in terms of both output quality and computational efficiency.
Polysaccharide B-1459: A new hydrocolloid polyelectrolyte produced from glucose by bacterial fermentation (1961)

The exocellular polysaccharide fermented from glucose in good yield by Xanthomonas campestrìs NRRL B-1459, has been characterized. The general aspects of chemical constitution have been established, as well as the physical properties related to practical applicability. This macromolecular polysaccharide is composed of D-mannose, D-glucose, D-glucuronic acid (as the potassium salt), and a small proportion of acetyl groups. It can be produced on an industrial scale and is stable is storage. Analytical fractionation indicates fairly sharp molecular distribution for the native polysaccharide. The polysaccharide forms homogeneous dispersions in water which show plastic rheological properties and viscosity comparable with that of high-grade plant gums. Outstanding characteristics of practical significance are the atypical insensitivity of solution viscosity to salt effects and to heat, especially when salt is present. Solutions of low concentration show a restricted viscosity decrease upon salt addition; those of higher concentrations show substantial increases. Viscosity is enhanced still further by monovalent cations at basic pH and by divalent cations at neutral or slightly basic pH. Salt moderates or eliminates any viscosity decrease due to heat and, in somewhat higher concentrations, it increases the viscosity of heated solutions. Heating or deacetylating Polysaccharide B-1459 causes no impairment of its properties, but actual improvement. The constitutional basis for these unusual properties is discussed.
Ferromagnetic Sc-doped AlN sixfold-symmetrical hierarchical nanostructures (2009)

Sc-doped AlN (AlN:Sc) sixfold-symmetrical hierarchical nanostructures were grown by direct current (dc) arc discharge plasma method using the direct reaction of Al and Sc metals with N2 gas. Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffractometry, and Raman spectra analysis clearly showed that Sc was doped in the AlN hierarchical nanostructures. The magnetization curves indicate the existence of room-temperature ferromagnetic behavior. The saturation magnetization and the coercive fields (Hc) of the AlN:Sc nanostructures are about 0.04 emu g−1 and 200 Oe, respectively. The results reveal that Sc is a potential nonmagnetic dopant for preparing diluted magnetic semiconductor nanomaterials.
Role of Helicobacterpylori in functional dyspepsia (2006)

消化不良的原因论在病人的多数是未知的。Helicobacter pylori (H pylori ) 是在病人的一个子集的原因。估计 H pylori 的存在的非侵略的测试在不到 50 与消化不良介绍给一个家庭专业人员岁的病人的管理被推荐。脲呼吸测试或凳子抗原测试是最可靠的非侵略的测试。H pylori 的根除将与开发消化性溃疡的消化不良把风险归结为病人，如果规定，复杂并发症评估的还原剂非类固醇反煽动性的药和以后的还原剂胃的癌症的风险。推荐治疗为非与 H pylori 感染联系的溃疡消化不良应该是有 PPI 和二抗菌素的一个 10-d 疗程。治疗功效四个星期应该在与脲呼吸测试或凳子抗原测试完成治疗以后被估计。
Growth of Hierarchically Structured High-Surface Area Alumina on FeCrAl Alloy Wires (2013)

The formation of metastable alumina phases due to the oxidation of commercial FeCrAl alloy wires (0.5 mm thickness) at various temperatures and time periods has been examined. Samples were isothermally oxidised in air using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The morphology of the oxidised samples was analyzed using an Electronic Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) and X-ray on the surface analysis was done using an Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analyzer. The technique of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) was used to characterize the phase of the oxide growth. The entire study showed that it was possible to grow high-surface area gamma alumina on the FeCrAl alloy wire surfaces when isothermally oxidised above 800°C over several hours.
Atherosclerosis precursors in Finnish children and adolescents. VII. Serum immunoreactive insulin (1985)

In the Finnish Multicentre Study of the risk factors of coronary heart disease serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) was measured in 3,486 children and adolescents aged 3-18 years. Serum IRI increased with age till the age of 15 years in both sexes. The increase in serum IRI levelled off with the progression of pubertal development. Serum IRI levels were higher in girls than in boys from the age of 6 years onwards. Comparison of serum IRI gave identical results from eastern and western parts of the country. Serum IRI correlated positively with skinfold thickness, weight, relative weight and body mass index in all age groups except the 3-year-old children.
The effect of humeral implant thickness and canal fill on interface contact and bone stresses in the proximal humerus (2021)

The results demonstrate that thinner implants and lower canal fill may be beneficial over thicker sizes, provided equal initial fixation can be achieved. The thinner implant has a greater degree of load sharing and increases the mechanical load placed on surrounding bone, reducing the risk of stress shielding and bone resorption.
Effort for practical use and commercialization of nursing care robots (2020)

For practical use and commercialization of nursing care robots, it is important to achieve “Practical use”, “Safety for elderly people” and “Reasonable Cost”. In this presentation, we introduce examples of our efforts to realize them.
WELL - OPTIMIZATION FOR HIGH SPEED BICMOS TECHNOLOGIES (1988)

A high speed BICMOS process with a polysilicon bipolar transistor is presented. Using this technology the well optimization is outlined. Different approaches to construct the well are compared to improve the high current behaviour of the bipolar transistor. Influences on the parasitics are discussed. Using the optimized process version bipolar transistors with a cut-off frequency of 9.5 GHz were fabricated.
Current issues concerning thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction (1995)

Data are now available from three large-scale randomized trials that directly compare the risks and benefits of thrombolytic agents in acute myocardial infarction. In the interpretation of results from the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI-2) trial and its International Extension, the Third International Study of Infarct Survival (ISIS-3), and the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO-1) trial, there are areas of both agreement and controversy. It is generally agreed that the agents most commonly used in the United States—tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), streptokinase and anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex (APSAC)—all reduce mortality when given to patients with acute evolving myocardial infarction. Further, it is clear that thrombolytic therapy given to such patients presenting up to 12 h after onset of symptoms reduces the mortality rate by ∼20%, that aspirin therapy for patients presenting up to 24 h reduces the mortality rate by ∼23% and that the benefits of thrombolytic therapy and aspirin are additive. Finally, and of most importance, the earlier administration as well as the more widespread use of thrombolytic therapy and aspirin would save many more lives. The totality of evidence clearly indicates that streptokinase produces significantly fewer strokes and cerebral hemorrhages than either t-PA or APSAC. Whether or not accelerated t-PA has a small advantage for mortality is less conclusive. At present, any small differences in safety, efficacy and ease of administration of different thrombolytic agents are far outweighed by the large benefits that would accrue from earlier administration and wider utilization of any of these drugs.
A phase II study of temsirolimus/sorafenib in patients with radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory thyroid carcinoma. (2012)

5514 Background: Sorafenib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor of multiple targets, including RAF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2. Published response rates with sorafenib in RAI refractory thyroid cancer have ranged from 11-23%. Temsirolimus is an intravenous inhibitor of mTOR; mutations in the PI3K/mTOR/AKT pathway occur late in thyroid cancer and may be associated with aggressive disease. Methods: The study was a single institution, phase II design. Primary objective was response rate. Eligible patients (pts) had progressive, RAI-refractory/fluorodeoxyglucose (18-F)-avid, recurrent/metastatic, non-medullary, thyroid cancer; RECIST measurable disease; and adequate organ/marrow function. Sorafenib was given at 200 mg orally twice a day and temsirolimus at 25 mg intravenously weekly. 38 patients were enrolled; 37 were eligible and 36 patients started treatment between 12/18/09 – 10/20/11. Data cutoff date is 1/19/12. Fourteen pts are still actively on study. Results: Of the 37 eligible pts, demographics: female-46%; median age-64 years (30-81); histology-papillary (23)/follicular (1)/Hürthle (5)/poorly differentiated (6)/anaplastic (2); prior systemic treatment (21); prior sorafenib (6). Grade 4-5 adverse events at least possibly related to drug: grade 5 – sudden death, NOS (1 pt): grade 4 – colonic perforation (1 pt). Evaluation of best response: partial (PR) (8, including 3 with anaplastic/poorly differentiated); stable disease (SD) (21); progression (1); inevaluable (7). The partial response rate was 38% in the cohort that previously did not receive any systemic treatment. There was no correlation of response to either BRAF (10) or RAS (5) mutational status. Median time on treatment is 203 days (range 14-638 days) at the cutoff date. For the 21 pts with SD, the maximum percentage shrinkage by RECIST criteria ranged from -2% to -35% (one patient with unconfirmed PR) with a median time on treatment of 203 days (range 39-503 days). Conclusions: The combination of sorafenib and temsirolimus shows promising results in a heavily pretreated population. This study was approved and funded by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) from general research support from Pfizer, Inc.