gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induced Stresses from Lifting and Moving Highway Bridges with Self-Propelled Modular Transporters (2010)

This study discusses five bridges on I-80 in Utah that were replaced in the summer of 2008 by using accelerated bridge construction methods. Each superstructure was built off site and moved into place with self-propelled modular transporters. The bridges were instrumented and monitored during the moving process to investigate the effects of moving an entire superstructure into place. Collected data were analyzed to find the level of stress each superstructure experienced during lifting, moving, and placement of each bridge. Support conditions for these bridges changed considerably. During construction and when permanently placed, they were simply supported structures. During transport, the lift points were in the interior of the bridges, resulting in cantilevered ends and considerable stress reversals in the entire bridge. A two-dimensional analysis was done using the dead load of the structure to find the initial stresses in the superstructure when supported on temporary abutments. The measured change in stress resulting from lifting was compared with calculations. The difference between the two stresses was defined as the lifting stress in the superstructure. Dynamic stresses incurred as a result of bridge movement are determined and compared with recommendations.
The role of phase coherence in seeded supercontinuum generation (2012)

The noise properties of a supercontinuum can be controlled by modulating the pump with a seed pulse. In this paper, we numerically investigate the influence of seeding with a partially phase coherent weak pulse or continuous wave. We demonstrate that the noise properties of the generated supercontinuum are highly sensitive to the degree of phase noise of the seed and that a nearly coherent seed pulse is needed to achieve a coherent pulse break-up and low noise supercontinuum. The specific maximum allowable linewidth of the seed laser is found to decrease with increasing pump power.
Monitoring fatigue crack growth and opening using antenna sensors (2010)

Fatigue cracking is one of the most common failure modes of various load-bearing structures. Even though sensors of many different types have been developed for crack detection, very few can monitor crack growth with a high sensitivity. This paper presents an antenna sensor that is capable of monitoring the growth of fatigue cracks with a sub-millimeter resolution. According to microstrip patch antenna theory, the resonant frequencies of a dual-frequency patch antenna are inversely proportional to the electrical lengths of the corresponding antenna radiation modes. The presence of a crack in the ground plane or the elongation of the antenna patch due to crack opening increases the electric length, thereby causing a shift in its corresponding resonant frequency. As a result, crack propagation and opening can be monitored from the resonant frequency shifts of the patch antenna. The patch antenna's capability of monitoring crack growth was validated using fatigue testing of a compact tension specimen. The specimen preparation, sensor fabrication, and experimental procedure are presented. The experimental results demonstrated that the corresponding resonant frequency of the antenna sensor shifted linearly with crack growth. On average, 1 mm crack growth caused the antenna frequency to shift by 22.1 MHz. The orientation of the crack and the effect of crack closure on the resonant frequencies of the antenna sensor are also discussed.
Object-Oriented Methodology (2003)

The paper comprehensively states the origin,development of object oriented methodology,and its essential concepts and main characteristics,as well as the primary studying domain.From the views as a new methodology,a programing model,and a new technology respectively,the object oriented methodology is expounded.
Styryl-based new organic chromophores bearing free amino and azomethine groups: synthesis, photophysical, NLO, and thermal properties (2020)

Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of a new series of styryl-based push-pull dyes containing a free amino group and their Schiff base derivatives. The dyes include the dicyanomethylene group as an acceptor and different <i>para</i>-substituted alkylamines as donors. Morever as a proton-sensitive group a pyridin-2-yl substituent was attached to the <i>para</i>-position of the phenyl moiety in both series of compounds. The photophysical properties of the dyes were examined in various solvents with different polarities and showed absorption in the visible region and green-red emission with low quantum yields. The absorption and the emission maxima were shifted bathocromically by increasing the solvent's polarity. However, there was no correlation with the polarity parameters of the solvents. The pH-sensitive properties of all prepared Schiff bases were examined against TBAOH in DMSO, via deprotonation of the OH group in the salicylidene moiety and their reverse protonation was also investigated using TFA. The Schiff bases exhibited a bathochromic shift upon the addition of TBAOH to their solutions in DMSO. Therefore, they showed potential to be utilized as colorimetric and luminescence pH sensors. The second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) responses of the dyes were measured by the electric field-induced second harmonic (EFISH) generation method. The highest μβ values were obtained for the dyes bearing the julolidine donor as 1430 × 10<sup>-48</sup> esu (for free amino derivative) and 1950 × 10<sup>-48</sup> esu (for Schiff base derivative), respectively. The structural and electronic properties of the dyes as well as their NLO properties were further studied using DFT calculations. The thermal stabilities of all dyes were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The TGA data showed that all dyes were thermally stable up to 250 °C.
Traffic Information Deriving Using GPS Probe Vehicle Data Integrated with GIS (2005)

1 With the rapid vehicle volume growth on roads, the performance of urban road traffic systems is a major concern to transportation planners, road users, and all members of the urban community. The evaluation of the performance measures relies on the accuracy and reliability of the collected traffic data. This paper describes a method of extracting transportation information using global positioning system (GPS) receivers integrated with geographic information system (GIS) technology. An AgGPS132 DGPS receiver was used to collect probe vehicle data along several highways of interest in Columbus,
Relation between Coronary Stenosis and Background in Effort Angina Pectoris (1986)

The purpose of this study is to clarify the relation between coronary stenosis and its background in patients with angina pectoris.The subjects were 35 cases, aged 36-64 years without congenital heart disease, valvular disease, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis and myocardial infarction. As the items, age, coronary artery diameter, left ventricular mass, ejection fraction, aortic diameter, QRS voltage, ST-T changes, Master's two step test, atherogenic index, GTT, obesity index, cigarettes and blood pressure were taken. Each item was classified into two categories and then analyzed by quantification theory type III.As the result of this study, the obvious correlations were observed in following three groups; 1) severe coronary stenosis, ST-T ischemic change and positive in Master's two step test. 2) hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. 3) increased atherogenic index and diabetes mellitus.
Contact Angle Measurement Through Atomic Force Microscopy (2011)

Understanding the structure near the three-phase contact line is critical for a comprehensive understanding of the thin-film region when a liquid partially wets a planer substrate. Despite numerous theoretical and simulation efforts found literature, an accurate experiment is difficult to conduct because of how small its scale. In the present work the accurate geometry of the region near the three-phase contact line was obtained by directly scanning the thin-film region with atomic force microscopy (AFM). The contact angles were directly extracted from the results and compared with the ones measured from traditional optical methods.
Survivable routing meets diversity coding (2015)

Survivable routing methods have been thoroughly investigated in the past decades in transport networks. However, the proposed approaches suffered either from slow recovery time, poor bandwidth utilization, high computational or operational complexity, and could not really provide an alternative to the widely deployed single edge failure resilient dedicated 1 + 1 protection approach. Diversity coding is a candidate to overcome these difficulties with a relatively simple technique: dividing the connection data into two parts, and adding some redundancy at the source node. However, a missing link to make diversity coding a real alternative to 1+1 in transport networks is finding its minimum cost survivable routing, even in sparse topologies, where previous approaches may fail. In this paper we propose a polynomial-time algorithm with O(|V||E| log |V|) complexity for this routing problem. On the other hand, we show that the same routing problem turns to be NP-hard as soon as we limit the forwarding capabilities of some nodes and the capacities of some links of the network.
Chemical Ligand Space of Cereblon (2018)

The protein cereblon serves as a substrate receptor of a ubiquitin ligase complex that can be tuned toward different target proteins by cereblon-binding agents. This approach to targeted protein degradation is exploited in different clinical settings and has sparked the development of a growing number of thalidomide derivatives. Here, we probe the chemical space of cereblon binding beyond such derivatives and work out a simple set of chemical requirements, delineating the metaclass of cereblon effectors. We report co-crystal structures for a diverse set of compounds, including commonly used pharmaceuticals, but also find that already minimalistic cereblon-binding moieties might exert teratogenic effects in zebrafish. Our results may guide the design of a post-thalidomide generation of therapeutic cereblon effectors and provide a framework for the circumvention of unintended cereblon binding by negative design for future pharmaceuticals.
The rise and fall of Dimebon (2010)

Dimebon (latrepirdine) was developed and used in Russia as an over-the-counter oral antihistamine for allergy treatment. In the early 1990s, Dimebon was characterized as a low-affinity NMDA receptor antagonist by Dr. Sergey Bachurin and his colleagues. An initial small-scale, open-label trial of Dimebon in 14 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients demonstrated potential efficacy. Dimebon was then patented for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and licensed by Medivation. Extremely promising results were obtained in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II AD trial in 183 patients; however, a phase II trial of Dimebon in 91 Huntington's disease patients was much less successful. Recently, a phase III AD trial of Dimebon in 598 patients failed to result in any significant improvement in primary or secondary outcomes. The failure of Dimebon may be in large part due to insufficient understanding of its mechanism of action. The NMDA receptor blocking activity of Dimebon is too weak to be physiologically relevant, while the proposed "novel mitochondrial mechanism of action" lacks credible scientific evidence or a molecular target. Independent studies indicate that the clinical effects of Dimebon most likely result from inhibition of histamine H₁ and serotonin 5-HT₆ receptors. Careful preclinical studies of novel potential therapies are needed to minimize chances of making similar costly mistakes in the future.
Tribochemical and Thermochemical Reactions of Stearic Acid on Copper Surfaces Studied by Infrared Microspectroscopy (1992)

The tribochemistry of copper with stearic acid was studied using a pin-on-disc wear tester under boundary lubrication conditions. Wear, as measured by surface profilometry, indicated that stearic acid was able to reduce the wear fourfold. Surface analysis by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy revealed that cupric stearate was formed during the rubbing process by tribochemical reactions. The reaction product was confirmed by model compounds and was also found to be comparable with those from the static thermal experiments of stearic acid on copper surface at 140°C-160°C. The affinity between the chemisorbed stearic acid and bidentate copper stearate complex is believed to be responsible for the formation of a protective film on the copper surfaces to reduce the wear from further propagation.
Evolving Space-Time Neural Architectures for Videos (2019)

We present a new method for finding video CNN architectures that more optimally capture rich spatio-temporal information in videos. Previous work, taking advantage of 3D convolutions, obtained promising results by manually designing CNN video architectures. We here develop a novel evolutionary algorithm that automatically explores models with different types and combinations of layers to jointly learn interactions between spatial and temporal aspects of video representations. We demonstrate the generality of this algorithm by applying it to two meta-architectures. Further, we propose a new component, the iTGM layer, which more efficiently utilizes its parameters to allow learning of space-time interactions over longer time horizons. The iTGM layer is often preferred by the evolutionary algorithm and allows building cost-efficient networks. The proposed approach discovers new diverse and interesting video architectures that were unknown previously. More importantly they are both more accurate and faster than prior models, and outperform the state-of-the-art results on four datasets: Kinetics, Charades, Moments in Time and HMDB. We will open source the code and models, to encourage future model development.
Semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyurethane and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) obtained by photopolymerization: Structure‐property relationships and bacterial adhesion (2004)

Abstract A range of semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (semi‐IPNs) based on polyurethane (PU) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) have been synthesized and characterized with respect to their thermodynamic characteristics, morphology, mechanical properties, surface properties, water sorption and bacterial adhesion. The free energies of mixing of PU and PVP in semi‐IPNs have been determined by the vapor sorption method and were shown to be positive for all compositions. The surface properties of semi‐IPNs were investigated using the dynamic contact angle analysis. It was shown that the advancing contact angle changes from 83.1° to 65.3° with increasing PVP from 7.05% to 57.38%. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the semi‐IPNs are two‐phase systems with incomplete phase separation. The mechanical properties reflect the changes in structure of semi‐IPNs with increasing of amounts of PVP in the system. Incorporation of PVP into the semi‐IPN with PU restricts the ability of PVP to sorb water. As infection is likely to be caused by bacterial adherence to biomedical implants, the bacterial adhesion data suggests that the semi‐IPNs with PVP content below 22.52% may be useful for biomedical material applications. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44:940–947, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.
8 × 8 GaN Schottky barrier photodiode arrayfor visible-blind imaging (1997)

The fabrication and characterisation of an 8 × 8 Schottky barrier photodiode array on GaN, with pixel size of 200 × 200 µm, are reported. This array shows an average peak response of 0.05 A/W and sharp cutoff at 360 nm. Decay time measurements reveal the response to be RC-limited with a time constant of 50 ns. The visible-blind UV-imaging capability of the GaN photodiode array is also demonstrated for the first time.
C2-symmetric 2,2'-dimethyl-1,1'-binaphthyl-bridged ansa-bis(1-indenyl)metal complexes (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTC2-symmetric 2,2'-dimethyl-1,1'-binaphthyl-bridged ansa-bis(1-indenyl)metal complexesMark J. Burk, Steven L. Colletti, and Ronald L. HaltermanCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 9, 2998–3000Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00055a006https://doi.org/10.1021/om00055a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views229Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
PET imaging of the dopamine transporter with 18F-FECNT: a polar radiometabolite confounds brain radioligand measurements. (2006)

18F-2beta-Carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-(2-fluoroethyl)nortropane (18F-FECNT), a PET radioligand for the dopamine transporter (DAT), generates a radiometabolite that enters the rat brain. The aims of this study were to characterize this radiometabolite and to determine whether a similar phenomenon occurs in human and nonhuman primate brains by examining the stability of the apparent distribution volume in DAT-rich (striatum) and DAT-poor (cerebellum) regions of the brain.Two rats were infused with 18F-FECNT and sacrificed at 60 min. Extracts of brain and plasma were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) techniques. Two human participants and 3 rhesus monkeys were injected with 18F-FECNT and scanned kinetically, with serial arterial blood analysis.At 60 min after the injection of rats, 18F-FECNT accumulated to levels about 7 times higher in the striatum than in the cortex and cerebellum. The radiometabolite was distributed at equal concentrations in all brain regions. The LC-MS techniques identified N-dealkylated FECNT as a major metabolite in the rat brain, and reverse-phase HPLC detected an equivalent amount of radiometabolite eluting with the void volume. The radiometabolite likely was 18F-fluoroacetaldehyde, the product expected from the N-dealkylation of 18F-FECNT, or its oxidation product, 18F-fluoroacetic acid. The distribution volume in the cerebellum increased up to 1.7-fold in humans between 60 and 300 min after injection and 2.0 +/- 0.1-fold (mean +/- SD; n = 3) in nonhuman primates between 60 and 240 min after injection.An 18F-fluoroalkyl metabolite of 18F-FECNT originating in the periphery confounded the measurements of DAT in the rat brain with a reference tissue model. Its uniform distribution across brain regions suggests that it has negligible affinity for DAT (i.e., it is an inactive radiometabolite). Consistent with the rodent data, the apparent distribution volume in the cerebellum of both humans and nonhuman primates showed a continual increase at late times after injection, a result that may be attributed to entry of the radiometabolite into the brain. Thus, reference tissue modeling of 18F-FECNT will be prone to more errors than analysis with a measured arterial input function.
Adobe Photoshop CS3 Studio Techniques (2004)

Adobe Photoshop CS3 Studio Techniques has been completely updated to cover the new features in CS3. In a friendly, easy-going style that's long on information and short on techno-babble, Photoshop Hall-of-Famer Ben Willmore guides you through the concepts, features that will truly make a difference in how you use Photoshop every day. He takes you from blindly following step-by-step instructions to an in-depth understanding of how Photoshop works, cutting through the fat to focus on what he considers to be Photoshop's essential features. This full-color book delivers the content in three easily digestible sections: Working Foundations, Production Essentials, and Creative Explorations, and includes a companion CD with bonus chapters and practice images so you can quickly and easily apply the techniques covered throughout. Beginning with the working foundations of Photoshop--the basic tools, palettes, layers, and masks, you'll quickly move on to real-world production techniques, such as how to sharpen scans, correct and optimize images, and use the powerful Curves and Channels features to your advantage. Finally, you'll to fully explore Photoshop's creative potential by blending and enhancing images, creating collages, retouching photographs, colorizing, and working with filters and layer masks. By the time you finish this book, your creativity and efficiency levels should soar and you'll start to feel like you finally get Photoshop.
A Simple Flip-Flop Circuit for Typical-Case Designs for DFM (2007)

The deep submicron (DSM) semiconductor technologies make the worst-case design impossible, since they can not provide design margins that it requires. Research directions should go to typical-case design methodologies, where designers are focusing on typical cases rather than worrying about very rare worst cases. In this paper, canary logic is proposed as a promising technique that enables the typical-case design. It is easier to design than the previously proposed Razor logic by eliminating delayed clock. Estimates based on gate-level simulations show that the canary logic achieves average power reduction of 30% by exploiting dynamic variations in circuit delay
Leveraging molecular QTL to understand the genetic architecture of diseases and complex traits (2017)

Abstract There is increasing evidence that many GWAS risk loci are molecular QTL for gene ex-pression (eQTL), histone modification (hQTL), splicing (sQTL), and/or DNA methylation (meQTL). Here, we introduce a new set of functional annotations based on causal posterior prob-abilities (CPP) of fine-mapped molecular cis-QTL, using data from the GTEx and BLUEPRINT consortia. We show that these annotations are very strongly enriched for disease heritability across 41 independent diseases and complex traits (average N = 320K): 5.84x for GTEx eQTL, and 5.44x for eQTL, 4.27-4.28x for hQTL (H3K27ac and H3K4me1), 3.61x for sQTL and 2.81x for meQTL in BLUEPRINT (all P ≤ 1.39e-10), far higher than enrichments obtained using stan-dard functional annotations that include all significant molecular cis-QTL (1.17-1.80x). eQTL annotations that were obtained by meta-analyzing all 44 GTEx tissues generally performed best, but tissue-specific blood eQTL annotations produced stronger enrichments for autoimmune dis-eases and blood cell traits and tissue-specific brain eQTL annotations produced stronger enrich-ments for brain-related diseases and traits, despite high cis-genetic correlations of eQTL effect sizes across tissues. Notably, eQTL annotations restricted to loss-of-function intolerant genes from ExAC were even more strongly enriched for disease heritability (17.09x; vs. 5.84x for all genes; P = 4.90e-17 for difference). All molecular QTL except sQTL remained significantly enriched for disease heritability in a joint analysis conditioned on each other and on a broad set of functional annotations from previous studies, implying that each of these annotations is uniquely informative for disease and complex trait architectures.