gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acquisition of an additional internal cleavage site differentially affects the ability of pseudorabies virus to multiply in different host cells (1991)

The translocation of the 325 leftmost bp of the genome of pseudorabies virus (PrV) to the internal junction between the L and S components confers upon the virus a growth advantage relative to wild-type PrV in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) and chickens and a growth disadvantage in rabbit kidney (RK) cells and mice. To clarify the molecular basis for the species-specific growth characteristics of the translocation mutants, we have compared several parameters of the virus growth cycle in CEFs and RK cells infected with wild-type PrV and with translocation mutants. The salient findings are as follows. (i) The synthesis of early-late and late proteins is not as effective in CEFs as it is in RK cells, and these proteins, in particular, the major capsid proteins, accumulate less abundantly in CEFs than in RK cells. (ii) Cleavage of concatemeric DNA to genome-size molecules is also not as effective in CEFs as it is in RK cells. (iii) The internal junction present in translocation mutants is a functional cleavage site. (iv) In RK cells, translocation mutants are hypercleaved and a significant proportion of the total viral DNA is cleaved into subgenomic fragments. (v) In CEFs infected with translocation mutants, subgenomic fragments also accumulate but most of the viral DNA remains in concatemeric form. A model which postulates that the cell-specific growth advantage or disadvantage of the translocation mutants is related to the presence of a second cleavage site within their genomes and is affected by the efficiency of cleavage of concatemeric DNA in particular infected cell types is presented. The significance of these findings as they relate to the evolution of herpesviruses with class 2- and class 3-like genomes is discussed.
Synthesis and Characterization of the First Fluorescent Antagonists for Human 5-HT4Receptors (2003)

Fluorescent antagonists for human 5-HT(4) receptors were synthesized based on ML10302 1, a potent 5-HT(4) receptor agonist and on piperazine analogue 2. These molecules were derived with three fluorescent moieties, dansyl, naphthalimide, and NBD (7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl), through alkyl chains. The synthesized molecules were evaluated in binding assays on the recently cloned human 5-HT(4(e)) receptor isoform stably expressed in C6 glial cells with [(3)H]GR113808 as the radioligand. The affinity values depended upon the basal structure together with the alkyl chain length. The derivatives based on ML10302 were more potent ligands than the derivatives based on piperazine analogue. For ML10302-based ligands, dansyl and NBD derivatives attached through a chain length of one carbon atom 17a and 32, respectively, led to affinities close to the affinity of ML10302. The most potent compounds 17a, 28, and 32 produced an inhibition of the 5-HT stimulated cyclic AMP synthesis in the same cellular system with nanomolar K(b) values. Fluorescent properties of 17a, 28, and 32 were more particularly studied. Interactions of the fluorescent ligand 28 with the h5-HT(4(e)) receptor were indicated using h5-HT(4(e)) receptor transfected C6 glial cell membranes and entire cells. Ligand 28 was also used in fluorescence microscopy experiments in order to label h5-HT(4(e)) receptor transfected C6 glial cells, and subcellular localization of these receptors was more precisely determined using confocal microscopy.
Bacteremias due to Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae (1980)

Nine Haemophilus influenzae and 24 Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremias occurring in children with cancer during the years 1968 to 1977 were reviewed. The number of bacteremias due to these organisms remained relatively constant, in contrast with a sharp decrease in bacteremias caused by other organisms during this period. The highest incidence of bacteremia occurred in patients with acute leukemias and the lowest incidence in patients with solid tumors. Twenty-seven of 33 episodes occurred while patients were receiving chemotherapy. Nine bacteremias were fatal, but concurrent or superinfections contributed to death in six of these. Children with cancer who are receiving chemotherapy seem to be at higher risk of bacteremia and meningitis due to H influenzae and Strep pneumoniae than are normal children. New approaches to the prevention of these infections, such as the use of bacterial polysaccharide vaccines, deserve investigation.
Feasibility Study for Transforming Spectral and Instrumental Artifacts for Multivariate Calibration Maintenance (2015)

Frequently, a spectral-based multivariate calibration model formed on a particular instrument (primary) needs to predict samples measured on other (secondary) instruments of the same spectral type. This situation is often referred to as calibration maintenance or transfer. A new calibration maintenance approach is developed in this paper using spectral differences between instruments. In conjunction with a sample weighting scheme, spectral differences are piecewise (wavelength window) or full spectrum fitted with modeling terms (correction terms) such as polynomials and derivatives. Results demonstrating the potential usefulness of the new method using a near infrared (NIR) benchmark dataset are presented in this paper. The process does not need a standardization sample set measured in the primary condition. Thus, the new approach is a "hybrid" between the popular methods of extended inverted multiplicative signal correction (EISC) and direct standardization (DS) or piecewise DS (PDS). It is found that prediction errors reduce for samples measured in the secondary condition compared to those based on no calibration transfer. Prediction errors are also comparable to those from a full calibration in the secondary condition. In addition to instrument correction, an extension of the new approach is discussed (but not tested) for predicting new samples changing over time due to new chemical, physical, and environmental measurement conditions including individually or combinations of temperature, sample particle size, and new spectrally responding species.
Work in Progress: Identifying Unexpected Inter-core Interference Induced by Shared Cache (2021)

In modern real-time multicore systems, understanding and adequately managing shared caches is essential to ensure the temporal isolation of critical tasks. Recent research has identified and extensively studied the sources of unpredictability imputable to shared caches, heavily promoting techniques such as cache partitioning and internal resources management. In this article, we highlight the existence of an enigmatic source of inter-core interference: the CPU-brainfreeze. Experiments realized on a development board show that benchmarks (selected from the San-Diego Vision Benchmark Suite) can exhibit up to a 10-fold increase in their execution time. The same experiment shows that for extreme cases, the core cluster can be stalled indefinitely.
Development of human mast cells in vitro. (1989)

Nucleated cells of human umbilical cord blood were cocultured with mouse skin-derived 3T3 fibroblasts. After 7-8 weeks in culture, when the number of the other hematopoietic cells declined, metachromatic granule-containing mononuclear cells appeared in the cultures, and the number of the cells increased up to 12 weeks. After 11-14 weeks in culture, the metachromatic mononuclear cells comprised a substantial portion of the cultured cells. These cells contained 1.8-2 micrograms of histamine per 10(6) cells and bore receptors for IgE. All of the cells contained tryptase in their granules. Electron microscopic analysis showed that these cells were mature human mast cells, clearly different from the basophilic granulocytes or eosinophils that arise in a variety of circumstances in cord blood cell cultures. Most of the cultured mast cells expressed some granules with regular crystalline arrays and contained both tryptase and chymase, and thus resembled human skin mast cells.
Effects of tramadol and dexketoprofen on analgesia and gastrointestinal transit in mice (2009)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the nature of the antinociceptive interaction among dexketoprofen (DEX), a mixed inhibitor of the cyclo-oxygenases, and tramadol (TRAM), a weak opioid with monoaminergic activity that inhibits norepinephrine and serotonin re-uptake. We assessed antinociception in the acetic acid writhing test, the tail flick and the formalin (FT) tests, and gastrointestinal transit (GIT) after the administration of a charcoal meal. The analysis of the interaction was carried out using isobolograms and interaction indexes or the fixed-dose method GIT. The administration of DEX or TRAM individually induced dose-dependent antinociception in all the algesiometric tests. In the three tests, TRAM was between 5.2 (FT, phase I) and 35 times (FT, Phase II) more potent than DEX. When testing combinations at different potency ratios (1 : 1, 1 : 3, 3 : 1), we could demonstrate synergy in all algesiometric tests, only when drugs were combined in a 1 : 1 proportion. Interestingly, the proportion of the drugs in the combination could change the type of interaction from synergy to antagonism. On the inhibition of GIT, a dose-related inhibition was established for TRAM, but not for DEX. Using a fixed-dose protocol, we could demonstrate antagonism between DEX and TRAM on the inhibition of GIT. The results of the present study suggest that a combination of DEX and TRAM in a 1 : 1 proportion could be adequate to use in future clinical trials in humans.
Nanofluids transport through a novel concave/convex convergent pipe (2019)

The thermal and hydraulic performance of Al2O3-water nanofluid forced convective heat transfer through a concave/convex convergent pipe has been investigated in this work. The investigation is performed for a wide variety of concavity/convexity in the pipe wall profile, volume fraction of nanoparticles, and Reynolds number. An excellent agreement has been confirmed between the results of our numerical model and the available data from the literature. The findings of the current work reveal that as the pipe wall tends toward the concavity, the average heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop along the pipe increase. Further, the concave wall profile shows a prominent enhancement in heat transfer up to 41%; while, the convex wall profile provides a sustainable and superior performance factor up to 1.223 compared to the straight one, respectively. Moreover, at any fixed wall profile, a modest rise in heat transfer and pressure drop has been observed when the nanoparticles volume fraction increases. According to the information provided in this study, the addressed configuration improvements play a crucial role in augmenting heat transfer more than employing nanofluids.
Towards Real-time Registration of 4D Ultrasound Images (2006)

In this paper, we demonstrate a method for fast registration of sequences of 3D liver images, which could be used for the future real-time applications. In our method, every image is elastically registered to a so called fixed ultrasound image exploiting the information from previous registration. A few feature points are automatically selected, and tracked inside the images, while the deformation of other points are extrapolated with respect to the tracked points employing a fast free-form approach. The main intended application of the proposed method is real-time tracking of tumors for radiosurgery. The algorithm is evaluated on both naturally and artificially deformed images. Experimental results show that for around 85 percent accuracy, the process of tracking is completed very close to real time
Before the consultation: why people do (or do not) go to the doctor (2009)

In 1973, Irving Zola published a classic paper on a problem that he suggested: ‘… we think we know a great deal about but that, in reality, we know so little — how and why an individual seeks professional medical aid.’ 1 

Zola thought researchers made at least three assumptions about how and why a patient might appear in the consultation room and, in his view, none of them were justified. First, researchers assumed that patients are straightforwardly asymptomatic for most periods of their lives; second that, when patients do appear in the surgery, it is the seriousness and frequency of symptoms that prompt the visit to the doctor; and third that, when faced with such symptoms, patients who do not seek help are irrational. By contrast, Zola posited that most people have symptoms of something most of the time; that the frequency and/or seriousness of symptoms are not good predictors of attendance at the doctor; and that most people make decisions to seek (or delay seeking) help that are rational, at least if framed in terms of their own beliefs and values.

In the last 30 years, considerable attention has been paid to these issues and, in particular, to interrogating the assumptions that Zola identified. This issue of the Journal contains two contributions to this literature, the first concerned with how women manage urinary tract infection2 and the reasons that prompt their …
Formation of CoS2 Nanobubble Hollow Prisms for Highly Reversible Lithium Storage (2016)

Abstract Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been intensively used as the templates/precursors to synthesize complex hollow structures for various energy‐related applications. Herein we report a facile two‐step diffusion‐controlled strategy to generate novel MOFs derived hierarchical hollow prisms composed of Nanosized CoS 2 bubble‐like subunits. Uniform zeolitic imidazolate framework‐67 (ZIF‐67) hollow prisms assembled by interconnected nanopolyhedra are first synthesized via a transformation process. Afterwards, these ZIF‐67 building blocks are converted into CoS 2 bubble‐like hollow particles to form the complex hollow prisms through a sulfidation reaction with an additional annealing treatment. When evaluated as an electrode material for lithium‐ion batteries, the as‐obtained CoS 2 nanobubble hollow prisms show remarkable electrochemical performance with good rate capability and long cycle life.
Stabilization of a Hierarchical Formation of Unicycle Robots with Velocity and Curvature Constraints (2009)

The paper proposes a new geometric approach to the stabilization of a hierarchical formation of unicycle robots. Hierarchical formations consist of elementary leader-follower units disposed on a rooted tree: each follower sees its relative leader as a fixed point in its own reference frame. Robots' linear velocity and trajectory curvature are forced to satisfy some given bounds. The major contribution of the paper is to study the effect of these bounds on the admissible trajectories of the main leader. In particular, we provide recursive formulas for the maximum velocity and curvature allowed for the main leader, so that the robots can achieve the desired formation while respecting their input constraints. An original formation control law is proposed and the asymptotic stabilization is proved. Simulation experiments illustrate the theory and show the effectiveness of the proposed designs.
Performance Analysis and Estimation of Call Admission Control Parameters in Wireless Integrated Voice and Data Networks (2000)

Abstract We propose an admission control policy for wireless multimedia networks that is based on the well known threshold‐based guard channel method. The new scheme deals with two different types of traffic classes; namely: voice and data. We assume two different thresholds, one for each traffic class. In addition. we propose to buffer the handoff data calls if no free channels are available rather than rejecting them. For handoff voice calls, we propose two methods. namely: a blocking method and a preemptive method. For the blockins method, we reject the handoff voice calls it no channels are available. For the precmptive method, an ongoing data call can be buffered and its channel allocated to the handoff voice call. We study the effect of the thresholds. buffer size and the application of the proposed methods on call blocking probabilities. It is shown that the new call blocking probabilities are only affected by the threshold values. Meanwhile, the data handoff blocking probability exhibited grcat improvement. For handoff voice calls, when the blocking method is applied. the blocking probability value increases slightly with the increase of buffer size. Meanwhile. for the preemptive method, the handoff voice call blocking probability significantly decreases as the buffer size increases. Based on these results. we develop an algorithm that uses the proposed policy to estimate the appropriate thresholds and buffer six which meet the required call blocking probabilities for each traffic type.
A Dataset for Research on Short-Text Conversations (2013)

Natural language conversation is widely regarded as a highly difficult problem, which is usually attacked with either rule-based or learning-based models.In this paper we propose a retrieval-based automatic response model for short-text conversation, to exploit the vast amount of short conversation instances available on social media.For this purpose we introduce a dataset of short-text conversation based on the real-world instances from Sina Weibo (a popular Chinese microblog service), which will be soon released to public.This dataset provides rich collection of instances for the research on finding natural and relevant short responses to a given short text, and useful for both training and testing of conversation models.This dataset consists of both naturally formed conversations, manually labeled data, and a large repository of candidate responses.Our preliminary experiments demonstrate that the simple retrieval-based conversation model performs reasonably well when combined with the rich instances in our dataset.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cyclic Silicon Compounds of Fullerenes (2003)

Organosilicon compounds are perhaps the most important inter-element compounds, as exemplified by disilanes and polysilanes. Similarly, ever since fullerene C60 became available in preparatively useful quantities, this new allotropic form of carbon has attracted much attention, particularly its chemical functionalization. The present review describes how these two disparate classes of compound can be induced to react together and combine to form novel derivatives endowed with unusual properties. In particular, we describe how silylenes derived from various disilane derivatives under thermal and photochemical conditions can react with fullerenes and endohedral metallofullerenes. Mono- bis- and even multi-silylation of the fullerene framework takes place leading to a new class of fullerene-based organic compounds which at the same time opens a promising new field in materials science. Keywords: cyclic silicon compounds, fullerenes, organosilicon compounds, inter-element compounds, disilanes, polysilanes, fullerene c60, multi-silylation, fullerene framework, bis-silylation
60.4: Distinguished Paper : A Fully Integrated 1″ AMOLED Display Using Current Feedback Based on a Five Mask LTPS CMOS Process (2010)

Abstract Based on our five mask LTPS CMOS process we have developed a fully integrated 1″ AMOLED demonstrator with current feedback pixel circuits. One LTPS operational amplifier per column is used together with switched capacitors for digital analog conversion and current control.
Neutralizing Antibody to Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 in COVID-19 Patients (2022)

Abstract Neutralizing antibody plays a key role in protective immunity against COVID-19. As increasingly distinct variants circulate, debate continues regarding the value of adding novel variants to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. In this study, we have analyzed live virus neutralization titers against WA1, Delta, BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5 in 187 hospitalized patients infected with Delta or Omicron strains. This information will be useful in selection of the SARS-CoV-2 strains to include in an updated vaccine. Our results show that unvaccinated Delta infected patients made a highly biased neutralizing antibody response towards the infecting Delta strain with slightly lower responses against the WA1 strain, but with strikingly lower titers against BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5. Delta infected patients that had been previously vaccinated with the WA1 containing COVID vaccine made equivalent responses to WA1 and Delta strains, but still had very low neutralizing antibody responses to Omicron strains. In striking contrast, both unvaccinated and vaccinated Omicron patients exhibited a more balanced ratio of Omicron virus neutralization compared to neutralization of ancestral strains. Interestingly, Omicron patients infected with BA.1 or BA.2 had detectable neutralizing antibody titers to BA.5, but these titers were lower than neutralization titers to BA.1 and BA.2. Taken together, these results suggest that inclusion of the Omicron BA.5 strain in a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine would be beneficial in protection against the widely circulating BA.5 variant. Disclaimer The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Does the AToMIC trial explode concerns of contrast coagulopathy? (2016)

Key Points Prior laboratory and animal studies suggested some advantage of ioxaglate over iodixanol in platelet function and coagulation. The AToMIC trial randomized 100 patients to ioxaglate or iodixanol, and found no differences in hemostasis parameters. Laboratory models and tests of hemostasis are limited for predicting clinical effects and should be interpreted with caution.
Facilitating side channel analysis by obfuscation for Hardware Trojan detection (2015)

Integrated Circuit (IC) piracy and malicious alteration, named as Hardware Trojan (HT), are two important threats which may happen in untrusted foundries. Functionality obfuscation has been proposed against IP/IC piracy. Obfuscation can also offer opportunities to defeat HT insertion, because the HT designer cannot understand the functionality of the obfuscated ICs. In addition various HT detection methods have been proposed based on conventional functional or structural tests, and side channel analysis. Conventional functional or structural tests are inefficient if the HT is not completely activated. HT detection by side channel analysis faces Process Variation (PV) and Environment Variation (EV). An HT is detectable if its effect is significant among PV and EV. In this work we propose to use obfuscation methods to facilitate power and path delay analysis based HT detection methods. Since shorter paths have less PV than longer paths; the first approach is to generate shorter paths for nets that only belong to long paths, while the circuit is being obfuscated. The second suggested approach is to increase the proportion of HT dynamic power to the total dynamic power of circuit, while the circuit is being obfuscated. The success of power analysis based HT detection methods is increased by increasing this proportion.
Optimal DMT transceivers over fading channels (1999)

Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based discrete multitone modulation (DMT) systems have been widely applied to various applications. We study a broader class of DMT systems using more general unitary matrices instead of DFT matrices. For this class we show how to design the optimal DMT systems over fading channels with colored noise. Examples are given to show the improvement over the traditional DFT based DMT system. In addition we introduce a modified DFT based DMT system. The new system has the same complexity but better noise rejection property.