gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Is dietary macronutrient composition during pregnancy associated with offspring birth weight? An observational study (2018)

There is lack of evidence on the differential impact of maternal macronutrient consumption: carbohydrates (CHO), fats and protein on birth weight. We investigated the association between maternal dietary macronutrient intakes and their sub-components such as saccharides and fatty acids and birth weight. This analyses included 1,196 women with singleton pregnancies who were part of the CAffeine and REproductive health study in Leeds, UK between 2003 and 2006. Women were interviewed in each trimester. Dietary information was collected twice using a 24-h dietary recall about 8-12 weeks and 13-27 weeks of gestation. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for alcohol and smoking in trimester 1, showed that each additional 10 g/d CHO consumption was associated with an increase of 4 g (95 % CI 1, 7; P=0·003) in birth weight. Conversely, an additional 10 g/d fat intake was associated with a lower birth weight of 8 g (95 % CI 0, 16; P=0·04) when we accounted for energy contributing macronutrients in each model, and maternal height, weight, parity, ethnicity, gestational age at delivery and sex of the baby. There was no evidence of an association between protein intake and birth weight. Maternal diet in trimester 2 suggested that higher intakes of glucose (10 g/d) and lactose (1 g/d) were both associated with higher birth weight of 52 g (95 % CI 4, 100; P=0·03) and 5 g (95 % CI 2, 7; P<0·001) respectively. These results show that dietary macronutrient composition during pregnancy is associated with birth weight outcomes. An appropriately balanced intake of dietary CHO and fat during pregnancy could support optimum birth weight.
Multiple Targets Localization Behind L-Shaped Corner via UWB Radar (2021)

This paper deals with the multiple targets localization problem via multi-channel ultra-wideband (UWB) imaging radar non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signal processing. A novel matching-based radar imaging algorithm is proposed to obtain the positions of multiple targets in the L-shaped corner scenario with complex multipath ghost signals. Firstly, a multipath propagation model for the multiple targets scenario is established. Then the positions of the actual multipath ghosts are extracted from the radar image, and the candidate targets corresponding to these multipath ghosts are derived. Secondly, the ellipse-cross-localization method is proposed to obtain the positions of the candidate multipath ghosts, followed by two defined matching factors to measure the similarity between actual and candidate multipath ghosts. According to the similarity, decision rules are designed to determine the actual targets. Compared with the localization algorithm based on one-dimensional range profile, the proposed algorithm can effectively cope with the cases of multiple targets, even in the cases of rough walls and noise. Finally, simulations and experimental data are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Analyse par chromatographie en phase gazeuse de l'urethane dans les vins (1) (1975)

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Le but du présent travail est le suivant : mettre au point une méthode de détection des faibles teneurs en uréthane pour les analyses en série et étudier quantitativement la formation d'uréthane dans diverses conditions (OUGH, 1974).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(1) Traduit et publié avec l'autorisation de Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 22, 944 (1974). Copyright by American Chemical Society.&lt;/p&gt;
Chiral nickel(ii) complexes in the preparation of11C- and18F-labelled enantiomerically pure α-amino acids (2011)

Positron emission tomography (PET) utilises positron emitting radiopharmaceuticals in the study of metabolic and physiological processes. FDG-PET is a useful technique for tumour detection; however FDG has disadvantages. The incorporation of labelled amino acids into brain tumours and into some other organs with high physiological consumption of glucose is a superior diagnostic method due to its much higher selectivity compared to FDG. A Ni(II) complex with a Schiff base of BPB and glycine was one of the first glycine synthons used for asymmetric synthesis of carbon-11 and fluorine-18 labelled α-amino acids. A similar complex was employed for routine preparation of [(18)F]FET. Physico-chemical investigations allowed us to design modified complexes with much stronger stereodiscriminative power including stereospecific ones. Chiral nickel complexes are also used for the preparation of tailored amino acids for the incorporation into peptides followed by labelling the peptides with fluorine-18 labelled "click" reagents. This review covers PET applications of Ni(II) complexes of Schiff base of BPB and α-amino acids from 1989 to date.
Phonological acquisition in Welsh – English bilingual children (2004)

Adequate assessment, diagnosis and treatment of phonological disorders require information on normal phonological development. While such data exist for many languages, they often do not exist for minority languages such as Welsh. An added factor is that speakers of such languages are often bilingual so, in the case of Welsh, it is necessary to examine norms in bilingual acquisition of Welsh and English. This article reports such a study and provides benchmarks for use by speech-language therapists in the assessment of phonological disorders in Welsh – English bilingual children. Eighty-three children from south-east Wales took part in the study. They were divided into five 6-month age groups (from 2;6 to 5;0), and into two language dominance groups (Welsh and English). There were 42 male subjects and 41 females. Data were collected via two word-lists and from spontaneous speech. The results present the ages at which the consonant systems of the two languages are acquired, and statistical analysis examines the relationships between the linguistic factors and the non-linguistic variables of age, sex and language dominance. Also important to assessment are the normal patterns of substitution used by children in phonological development for sounds not yet acquired. These are described for the present data, especially important being the substitution patterns used for consonants present in Welsh but not in English.
Renal responses to magnesium lithospermate B in rats with adenine‐induced renal failure (1993)

Abstract A study was conducted to investigate the effects of magnesium lithospermate B on the uraemic symptoms and development of hypertension in rats with adenine‐induced renal failure. Chronic administration of 10 mg/kg body weight/day magnesium lithospermate B significantly reduced serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, methylguanidine, guanidinosuccinic acid and inorganic phosphate, accompanied by increased urinary excretion of urea, creatinine and electrolytes. In addition, renal tissue blood flow was significantly increased and mean blood pressure significantly decreased in the magnesium lithospermate B‐treated group compared with the control group. These results confirm that chronic administration of magnesium lithospermate B to rats with adenine‐induced renal failure ameliorates the uraemic symptoms and development of hypertension by improving renal haemodynamics and electrolyte metabolism.
Reactivity Theory of Zeolitic Broensted Acidic Sites (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactivity Theory of Zeolitic Broensted Acidic SitesR. A. van Santen and G. J. KramerCite this: Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 3, 637–660Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00035a008https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00035a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2545Altmetric-Citations521LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of placental growth factor improves surgical outcome of glaucoma surgery (2012)

Abstract Purpose We checked the hypothesis that placental growth factor (PlGF) plays a role in scar formation after glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS), and that it may be a target for improvement of the outcome of this surgery. Methods The effect of the anti‐murine PlGF‐antibody (5D11D4) was investigated in a mouse model of GFS in C75Bl/6 mice. Immediately after surgery 5D11D4 (1µl; 5.2mg/ml) or 1C8, an irrelevant mouse IgG antibody (1µl; 4.8 mg/ml), was injected in the anterior chamber (n=10 eyes for both groups). An anti‐murine VEGF‐R2 antibody (DC101) was used as a positive control (1µl; 6.2 mg/ml; n=10). Mice were killed on post‐operative day 8. Treatment outcome was studied by clinical investigation of bleb area and bleb survival every other day. All antibodies were kindly provided by ThromboGenics NV. Results In the mouse model of GFS, treatment using the anti‐PlGF antibody (5D11D4) significantly improved surgical outcome by increasing bleb survival (p=0.04) and bleb area (p=0.01) with 29% compared to negative control (1C8). A single administration of anti‐VEGF‐R2 (DC101) also significantly improved bleb area with 7% as compared to 1C8 (p=0.05), but had no effect on bleb survival (p=0.23). A trend towards an increased bleb area after 5D11D4 administration was observed compared to DC101 delivery (p=0.07). Conclusion Targeting PlGF with an inhibitory monoclonal antibody is efficacious in improving GFS outcome, possibly even more effectively than inhibition of VEGF‐R2. These results render PlGF an appealing target for ocular wound healing and point to the potential therapeutic benefits of PlGF‐inhibition.
Micromechanical Theory for pH-Dependent Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Capsule Swelling (2006)

Hollow polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules made of ionizable segments (e.g., carboxylic acid, amine, pyridine) have an equilibrium size that is independent of salt concentration and pH in a wide pH range but swell to a larger size at lower and higher pH. Besides, at the edges of the stability plateau their equilibrium size increases with increasing ionic strength. We set up a micromechanical theory in which we combine an expansive force due to ion entropy with an elastic contractive force and derive from balance of forces a simple expression for the equilibrium capsule size. The theory describes the influence of pH on size (including the wide plateau region as well as the steep increase in size at the edge of the pH plateau) almost quantitatively without fitting parameters as well as the increase in size with increasing ionic strength. This effect is contrary to what would be expected when the polymer charge would directly depend on solution pH instead of local pH within the shell and is a phenomenon comparable to the osmotic regime found for ionizable (“annealed”) polyelectrolyte brushes at very low ionic strength, for which it is also observed that the brush expands when the salt concentration is increased.
Radiation hardness assurances categories for COTS technologies (1997)

A comparison of the radiation tolerance of three commercial, and one radiation hardened SRAM is presented for four radiation environments. This work has shown the difficulty associated with strictly categorizing a device based solely on its radiation response, since its category depends on the specific radiation environment considered. For example, the 3.3-V Paradigm SRAM could be considered a radiation-tolerant device except for its SEU response. A more useful classification depends on the methods the manufacturer uses to ensure radiation hardness, i.e. whether specific design and process techniques have been used to harden the device. Finally, this work has shown that burned-in devices may fail functionally as much as 50% lower in total dose environments than non-burned-in devices. No burn-in effect was seen in dose-rate upset, latchup, or SEE environments. The user must ensure that total dose lot acceptance testing was performed on burned-in devices.
Preliminary evaluation of a new controlled-release oxybutynin in urinary incontinence (2004)

Based on the reductions in daily frequency of incontinence and micturition following 4-weeks treatment, CR oxybutynin (15 mg OD) was at least as effective as the patients' previous dose of IR oxybutynin (mean dose: 6.7 +/- 2.5 mg/day). These improvements were achieved without restriction of fluid intake. Initial 15 mg doses of CR oxybutynin appear to be well tolerated.
BirdFlu2009: Avian Influenza and Human Health. 9-10 September 2009, Oxford, UK. (2009)

The BirdFlu2009 meeting entitled Avian Influenza and Human Health, held in Oxford, included topics covering new developments in the control of seasonal, avian and swine influenza virus infection, with a focus on the human-animal interface. This conference report highlights selected presentations on sialidase therapy for influenza infection, the use of IVIgs to study antibody diversity and reactivity, detecting oseltamivir carboxylate in waste water, H5N1 infection in Egyptian children, preparedness for an influenza pandemic and an indirect sandwich ELISA to detect H5 avian influenza virus. Investigational drugs discussed include NEX-DAS-181 (NexBio Inc) and MVA-NP-M1 (The Edward Jenner Institute for Vaccine Research).
Direct Thermal Growth of Large Scale Cl-doped CdTe Film for Low Voltage High Resolution X-ray Image Sensor (2018)

Polycrystalline cadmium telluride (CdTe) X-ray photodetector with advanced performance was fabricated in a Schottky diode form by direct thermal deposition (evaporation) on pixelized complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) readout panel. Our CdTe X-ray detector shows such a variety of benefits as relatively low process temperature, low cost, low operation voltage less than 40 V, and higher sensitivity and spatial resolution than those of commercial a-Se detectors. CdTe has cubic Zinc Blende structure and maintains p-type conduction after growth in general. For low voltage operation, we succeeded in Cl doping at all stage of CdTe film deposition, and as a result, hole concentration of p-type CdTe was reduced to ~10<sup>12</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup> from ~10<sup>15</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup>, and such concentration reduction could enable our Schottky diode with Ti electrode to operate at a reverse bias of less than 40 V. Our CdTe Schottky diode/CMOS pixel array as a direct conversion type imager demonstrates much higher resolution X-ray imaging in 7 × 9 cm<sup>2</sup> large scale than that of CsI/CMOS array, an indirect conversion imager. To our limited knowledge, our results on polycrystalline CdTe Schottky diode/CMOS array would be very novel as a first demonstration of active pixel sensor system equipped with directly deposited large scale X-ray detector.
All-Optical Switching in Pharaonis Phoborhodopsin Protein Molecules (2006)

Low-power all-optical switching with pharaonis phoborhodopsin (ppR) protein is demonstrated based on nonlinear excited-state absorption at different wavelengths. A modulating pulsed 532-nm laser beam is shown to switch the transmission of a continuous-wave signal light beam at: 1) 390 nm; 2) 500 nm; 3) 560 nm; and 4) 600 nm, respectively. Simulations based on the rate equation approach considering all seven states in the ppR photocycle are in good agreement with experimental results. It is shown that the switching characteristics at 560 and 600 nm, respectively, can exhibit negative to positive switching. The switching characteristics at 500 nm can be inverted by increasing the signal beam intensity. The profile of switched signal beam is also sensitive to the modulating pulse frequency and signal beam intensity and wavelength. The switching characteristics are also shown to be sensitive to the lifetimes of ppR(M) and ppR(O) intermediates. The results show the applicability of ppR as a low-power wavelength tunable all-optical switch.
Multiplierless Implementation Of Bandpass And Bandstop Recursive Digital Filters Using Low-Sensitivity Transformation (2002)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Toulouse, France, 2002
Electroceramics (1989)

Structure-property relationships in electronic ceramic materials are reviewed to provide insight into the behaviour of capacitors, thermistors, varistors, and other electroceramic components. Rapid progress in the integration and miniaturisation of ceramic components has led to the development of multipurpose electronic packages containing complex three-dimensional circuitry. At the same time, a wide variety of smart sensors, transducers, and actuators are being constructed utilising composite materials to concentrate fields and forces. At present the processing methods make use of tape casting the thick film techniques, but several upset technologies loom on the horizon. During the years ahead one can expect electroceramic devices to follow in the footsteps of semiconductor technology as the component sizes drop below 1 mu m, and nanocomposite devices become a reality.
The Role of the Airborne Traffic Situation Display in Future ATC Systems (1973)

The historical evolution and current status of the airborne traffic situation display concept is presented as well as a survey of related technological developments in collision-avoidance systems, area navigation equipment, and data links. Two alternative ATSD systems configurations are discussed: one deriving aircraft positions from ATC surveillance, the other deriving aircraft positions from air-to-air data exchanges. Based on the results of a Massachusetts Institute of Technology simulation study of airborne traffic situation display capabilities, a review of the many possible applications of the device is presented. Significant benefits in greater system capacity, greater safety, and an overall improvement in operational efficiency are predicted. A reduction in ATC capital and operating costs appears to be realizable if the ATSD is accepted as an integral element in future ATC system designs. Finally, the airborne computer-display capability required for the ATSD provides a fresh opportunity to combine, enhance, and integrate many of the cockpit functions that are now carried out by a proliferation of separate devices.
A self-aligned SiGe base bipolar technology using cold wall UHV/CVD and its application to optical communication ICs (2002)

A self-aligned SiGe base bipolar technology and its application to optical communication ICs are presented. Using cold wall ultra-high vacuum (UHV)/CVD technology, a self-aligned selective SiGe/Si epitaxial growth can be realized for the overhanging structure of the base electrode polysilicon. This is a novel self-aligned bipolar transistor, which we call a super self-aligned selectively grown SiGe base (SSSB) bipolar transistor. The maximum cut-off frequency f/sub T/ of 60 GHz and the maximum frequency of operation f/sub max/ of 50 GHz have been obtained. This technology has been applied to optical communication ICs. A receiver and a transmitter ICs fabricated on a silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate stably operate at up to 20 Gb/s.
Carbon Localisation of Impalpable Mammographic Abnormalities (1991)

A prospective study was undertaken to assess the usefulness, safety and cost-effectiveness of stereotactically guided carbon localisation of impalpable breast lesions. Fifty six lesions in 53 patients were localised by this method, some in combination with fine-needle aspiration and hookwire localisation. Some modification of the study was required due to ready acceptance of the technique by surgeons, who preferred carbon to hookwire localisation. The technique was proven to be safe and accurate, and highly acceptable to patients, referring clinicians and radiology staff. It is now the preferred procedure for localising impalpable breast lesions prior to excision biopsy.
Abstract 21325: Is Retention of the Presynaptic Sympathetic Nerve Function Probe, [11C] Hydroxyephedrine, Related to Myocardial Blood Flow in Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy? (2010)

Introduction: Impaired cardiac presynaptic sympathetic nervous (SN) function measured using meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) or [ 11 C] hydroxyephedrine (HED) PET has been identified as a prognostic indicator in patients with heart failure (HF). Reperfusion studies in animals have suggested that HED retention is dependent on perfusion. However, it is unclear whether the same principle applies to patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). We sought to determine whether there is a relationship between [ 11 C] hydroxyephedrine (HED) retention and resting myocardial blood flow (MBF) - measured with [ 11 C] acetate kinetics, which would have implications for HED retention as a parameter for measuring SN function. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 18 HF patients with chronic stable NICM (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40% and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class ≥ II). Global myocardial presynaptic SN function was quantified using HED PET uptake and retention. Rest MBF was assessed with [ 11 C] acetate PET time-activity data using a one-compartment model. Results: For the 18 patients [mean age 61 yrs (±11), 55% male, 83% NYHA class II), mean LVEF was 32% (±6) and 71% had obstructive sleep apnea. Global HED retention was related to LVEF (r=0.41, p=0.09) and also significantly correlated with [ 11 C] acetate MBF at rest (r=0.85 p= Conclusions: Myocardial retention of HED is significantly dependent on MBF in patients with NICM. This data underscores the importance of parallel MBF measurements and correction of HED retention for flow to ensure accurate interpretation of neuronal imaging PET studies in HF populations. This relationship could impact the prognostic value of presynaptic SN function probes and requires further study.
Augmented Heat Transfer in Square Channels With Parallel, Crossed, and V-Shaped Angled Ribs (1991)

The effect of the rib angle orientation on the local heat transfer distributions and pressure drop in a square channel with two opposite in-line ribbed walls was investigated for Reynolds numbers from 15,000 to 90,000. The square channel composed of ten isolated copper sections has a length-to-hydraulic diameter ratio of 20; the rib height-to-hydraulic diameter ratio is 0.0625; the rib pitch-to-height ratio equals 10. Nine rib configurations were studied: 90 deg rib, 60 and 45 deg parallel ribs, 60 and 45 deg crossed ribs, 60 and 45 deg ∨-shaped ribs, and 60 and 45 deg ∧-shaped ribs. The results show that the 60 deg (or 45 deg) ∨-shaped rib performs better than the 60 deg (or 45 deg) parallel rib and, subsequently, better than the 60 deg (or 45 deg) crossed rib and the 90 deg rib. The ∨-shaped rib produces the highest heat transfer augmentation, while the ∧-shaped rib generates the greatest pressure drop. The crossed rib has the lowest heat transfer enhancement and the smallest pressure drop penalty.
Computer mediated communication and Japanese immersion: investigating the potential (1997)

Examines the use of e-mail to facilitate second language acquisition in an immersion education setting, with particular focus on an e-mail exchange between college students of Japanese as a second language in Australia and native speakers in Japan. Suggests that e-mail is a potentially valuable medium in language learning and could be useful in addressing sociolinguistic impoverishment.