gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A branch-and-bound technique for nano-structure image segmentation (2003)

Images of nano-structures are often noisy. On the other hand, in many settings there is quite a lot of model knowledge regarding the observed structures. This paper proposes a method for segmenting an image using a geometric model of the the observed structure. The resulting segmentation is guaranteed to be globally optimal, for an explicitly specified score function. This property provides a great deal of robustness to the algorithm. The algorithm presented explores a pre-defined space of segmentations using a branch-and-bound algorithm. It eliminates those parts of the space that are provably poor and explores in further detail the more promising parts of the space. An example of a segmentation that can be obtained in this way is a straight line segmentation of an image into 2 regions that minimizes the intensity variation within the regions. Results showing extraction of specific nano-structures are presented. A trivial variation on the algorithm can find a maximum a-posteriori probability estimate of the segmentation when there exists an a-priori distribution over the segmentations and the objective function is interpreted as the likelihood of the image given the segmentation.
Combined biotic and abiotic stress resistance in tomato (2015)

Abstract Abiotic and biotic stress factors are the major constrains for the realization of crop yield potential. As climate change progresses, the spread and intensity of abiotic as well as biotic stressors is expected to increase, with increased probability of crops being exposed to both types of stress. Shielding crops from combinatorial stress requires a better understanding of the plant’s response and its genetic architecture. In this study, we evaluated resistance to salt stress, powdery mildew and to both stresses combined in tomato, using the Solanum habrochaites LYC4 introgression line (IL) population. The IL population segregated for both salt stress tolerance and powdery mildew resistance. Using SNP array marker data, QTLs were identified for salt tolerance as well as Na + and Cl − accumulation. Salt stress increased the susceptibility of the population to powdery mildew in an additive manner. Phenotypic variation for disease resistance was reduced under combined stress as indicated by the coefficient of variation. No correlation was found between disease resistance and Na + and Cl − accumulation under combined stress Most genetic loci were specific for either salt stress tolerance or powdery mildew resistance. These findings increase our understanding of the genetic regulation of responses to abiotic and biotic stress combinations and can provide leads to more efficiently breeding tomatoes and other crops with a high level of disease resistance while maintaining their performance in combination with abiotic stress.
Novel Antifoam for Fermentation Processes:  Fluorocarbon−Hydrocarbon Hybrid Unsymmetrical Bolaform Surfactant (2005)

As foaming appears as a problem in chemical and fermentation processes that inhibits reactor performance, the eminence of a novel fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon unsymmetrical bolaform (FHUB: OH(CH2)11N+(C2H4)2(CH2)2(CF2)5CF3 I-) surfactant as an antifoaming agent as well as a foam-reducing agent was investigated and compared with other surfactants and a commercial antifoaming agent. The surface elasticity of FHUB was determined as 4 mN/m, indicating its high potential on thinning of the foam film. The interactions between FHUB and the microoganism were investigated in a model fermentation process related with an enzyme production by recombinant Escherichia coli, in V = 3.0 dm3 bioreactor systems with V(R) = 1.65 dm3 working volume at air inlet rate of Q(o)/V(R) = 0.5 dm3 dm(-3) min(-1) and agitation rate of N = 500 min(-1) oxygen transfer conditions, at T = 37 degrees C, pH(o) = 7.2, and C(FHUB) = 0 and 0.1 mM, in a glucose-based defined medium. As FHUB did not influence the metabolism, specific enzyme activity values obtained with and without FHUB were close to each other; however, because of the slight decrease in oxygen transfer coefficient, slightly lower volumetric enzyme activity and cell concentrations were obtained. However, when FHUB is compared with widely used silicon oil based Antifoam A, with the use of the FHUB, higher physical oxygen transfer coefficient (K(L)a) values are obtained. Moreover, as the amount required for the foam control is very low, minute changes in the working volume of the bioreactor were obtained indicating the high potential of the use of FHUB as an antifoaming agent as well as a foam-reducing agent.
Adaptive Principal Surfaces (1994)

Abstract We develop a nonlinear generalization of principal components analysis. A principal surface of the data is constructed adaptively, using some ideas from the MARS procedure of Friedman. We explore applications to curve and surface reconstruction and to data summarization.
CALM: Continuous Adaptive Learning for Language Modeling (2020)

Training large language representation models has become a standard in the natural language processing community. This allows for fine tuning on any number of specific tasks, however, these large high capacity models can continue to train on domain specific unlabeled data to make initialization even more robust for supervised tasks. We demonstrate that in practice these pre-trained models present performance deterioration in the form of catastrophic forgetting when evaluated on tasks from a general domain such as GLUE. In this work we propose CALM, Continuous Adaptive Learning for Language Modeling: techniques to render models which retain knowledge across multiple domains. With these methods, we are able to reduce the performance gap across supervised tasks introduced by task specific models which we demonstrate using a continual learning setting in biomedical and clinical domains.
First observations of ELM triggering by injected lithium granules in EAST (2013)

The first results of edge-localized mode (ELM) pacing using small spherical lithium granules injected mechanically into H-mode discharges are reported. Triggering of ELMs was accomplished using a simple rotating impeller to inject sub-millimetre size granules at speeds of a few tens of meters per second into the outer midplane of the EAST fusion device. During the injection phase, ELMs were triggered with near 100% efficiency and the amplitude of the induced ELMs as measured by Dα was clearly reduced compared to contemporaneous naturally occurring ELMs. In addition, a wide range of granule penetration depths was observed. Moreover, a substantial fraction of the injected granules appeared to penetrate up to 50% deeper than the 3 cm nominal EAST H-mode pedestal width. The observed granule penetration was, however, less deep than suggested by ablation modelling carried out after the experiment. The observation that ELMs can be triggered using the injection of something other than frozen hydrogenic pellets allows for the contemplation of lithium or beryllium-based ELM pace-making on future fusion devices. This change in triggering paradigm would allow for the decoupling of the ELM-triggering process from the plasma-fuelling process which is currently a limitation on the performance of hydrogen-based ELM mitigation by injected pellets.
Single-shot measurement of phase and topological properties of orbital angular momentum radiation through asymmetric lateral coherence (2019)

We show a single-shot technique to measure topological and phase properties of radiation carrying orbital angular momentum. The single-shot method is effectively described as the one-dimensional case of a more general two-dimensional approach based on scanning interferometry (asymmetric lateral coherence). The validity of the method has been experimentally verified and the applicability to ultrarelativistic sources of hard x-rays has been discussed. The method is suitable to characterize phase and topological properties of x-ray sources by using simple apertures.
The Application Of Flexible Couplings For Turbomachinery. (1989)

on R. Mancuso has been working in various capacities at Zurn Industries, In corporated, Mechanical Drives Division, for the past 21 years.Starting as a Re search
Strategies for Distinguishing Low-grade Endometrioid and Serous Carcinomas of Endometrium (2011)

Distinction between endometrioid and serous carcinomas of the endometrium has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Misdiagnosing a serous carcinoma as endometrioid can have significant consequences for the patient and pathologist. Although many cases are straightforward and easy to classify, there are occasional problematic cases. This review focuses on strategies that help differentiate between low-grade endometrioid carcinoma and serous carcinoma of the endometrium. We will discuss clinical, morphologic, and immunohistochemical differences between the 2 entities and provide practical tips for practicing pathologists when confronted with this differential diagnosis.
Drag upon a sphere suspended in a low magnetic-Reynolds number MHD channel flow (2018)

As a first step towards the description of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) dispersed two-phase flows, a permanent MHD channel flow past a stationary sphere is numerically investigated, highlighting the gradual emergence of atypical MHD flow patterns, among them a genuine ``ghost column.''
Human Serum Albumin Adsorption Study on 62-MHz Miniaturized Quartz Gravimetric Sensors (2008)

We have designed and fabricated 25-microm-thick quartz resonators operating at a fundamental resonance frequency of approximately 62 MHz. The results show a substantial increase in the mass sensitivity compared to single monolithic commercial resonators operating at lower frequencies in the approximately 5-10-MHz range. The overall performance of the micromachined resonators is demonstrated for the example of human serum albumin protein adsorption from aqueous buffer solutions onto gold electrodes functionalized with self-assembled monolayers. The results show a saturation adsorption frequency change of 6.8 kHz as opposed to 40 Hz for a commercial approximately 5-MHz sensor under identical loading conditions. From the analysis of the adsorption isotherm, the equilibrium adsorption constant of the adsorption of the protein layer was found to be K = 8.03 x 10(6) M(-1), which is in agreement with the values reported in the literature. The high sensitivity of the miniaturized QCM devices can be a significant advantage in both vapor and solution adsorption analyses.
Intranasal Infection of Ferrets with SARS-CoV-2 as a Model for Asymptomatic Human Infection (2021)

Ferrets were experimentally inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-related coronavirus 2) to assess infection dynamics and host response. During the resulting subclinical infection, viral RNA was monitored between 2 and 21 days post-inoculation (dpi), and reached a peak in the upper respiratory cavity between 4 and 6 dpi. Viral genomic sequence analysis in samples from three animals identified the Y453F nucleotide substitution relative to the inoculum. Viral RNA was also detected in environmental samples, specifically in swabs of ferret fur. Microscopy analysis revealed viral protein and RNA in upper respiratory tract tissues, notably in cells of the respiratory and olfactory mucosae of the nasal turbinates, including olfactory neuronal cells. Antibody responses to the spike and nucleoprotein were detected from 21 dpi, but virus-neutralizing activity was low. A second intranasal inoculation (re-exposure) of two ferrets after a 17-day interval did not produce re-initiation of viral RNA shedding, but did amplify the humoral response in one animal. Therefore, ferrets can be experimentally infected with SARS-CoV-2 to model human asymptomatic infection.
A Fast and Efficient Multi-View Depth Image Coding Method Based on Temporal and Inter-View Correlations of Texture Images (2011)

Multi-view video plus depth format, which includes texture and depth images, has been recently introduced as a video representation to support depth perception of scenes and efficient view generation at arbitrary positions. Especially, a depth image has been one of the significantly important issues for successful services of 3-D video applications. In this paper, we introduce a fast and efficient multi-view depth image coding method using the texture images. The proposed method determines to skip some blocks of the depth image at the early stage without a normal encoding process including rate-distortion optimization, based on temporal and inter-view correlations between the previously encoded texture images. The skipped blocks are predicted from the neighboring depth images. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method not only achieves the drastically high coding performance but also reduces the complexity of the encoder.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum Nitrile Complexes (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Emulsion Mixtures of Fractionated Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Quarry By-Products: A Laboratory Evaluation (2023)

Emulsion aggregate mixtures (EAMs) are aggregate blends stabilized with an asphalt emulsion for pavement base layer applications. These are typically prepared using crushed aggregates and designed primarily using a tensile strength-based criteria. Advances in granular material testing technologies have led to the development of advanced resilient response characterization devices such as the University of Illinois FastCell (UI-FastCell). Simultaneously, fractionated reclaimed asphalt pavement (FRAP) and Quarry by-product (QB) materials are becoming increasingly common in pavement construction. This paper evaluates the inclusion of QB and FRAP in EAMs. First, the design of selected EAMs was performed using a combined Asphalt Academy TG2 and Anderson and Thompson mixture design approach. The selected mixtures were first assessed for Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) and Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) to track changes in both strength and moisture damage resistance with the inclusion of FRAP and QB. In addition, advanced anisotropic resilient characterization was performed using the UI-FastCell to assess the changes in resilient modulus and permanent deformation characteristics. Our results show significant enhancements in tensile strength, increased moisture damage resistance, and reduced permanent deformation with the inclusion of FRAP and QB materials in EAMs. The combined inclusion of 30% FRAP and 70% QB negatively affected the resilient response of the EAM; however, the inclusion of FRAP content to 50% with no QB materials improved its suitability for pavement base layer application.
A novel electrode power profiler for dimmable ballasts using DC link voltage and switching frequency controls (2003)

A novel electrode power profiler for dimmable ballasts using a series-resonant parallel-loaded inverter is presented. Dimming of fluorescent lamps and control of the electrode power are achieved by simultaneously adjusting the DC link voltage and the switching frequency of the inverter. The current gradient along the electrode, which is due to the distributed lamp current property on the electrode, is deliberated in formulating the power and voltage models of the electrode. As the electrode heating relies on two near-orthogonal current components including the lamp current and the resonant tank circuit current, a simple feedback control is developed to derive the electrode power. Reduction of the electrode power (due to the decrease in the lamp current) during dimming is compensated by increasing the switching frequency of the inverter, in order to increase the resonant tank circuit current. Experimental results of a T8 36 W prototype are verified with theoretical predictions.
Identification of Determinants in the α-Subunit of Gq Required for Phospholipase C Activation (1996)

A series of chimeras between a constitutively active mutant of the alpha-subunit of Gq and the alpha-subunit of Gs was constructed to identify the domains in alphaq specifically involved in interaction with its effector phosphoinositide phospholipase C (PLC). Transient expression of the chimeric proteins and measurement of the production of inositol phosphates and cAMP in HEK-293 cells revealed that the Ile217-Lys276 sequence of alphaq contained the PLC interaction sites, whereas the residues for activation of adenylyl cyclase were in the Ile235-Leu294 sequence of alphas. Alanine scanning mutagenesis of the Ile217-Lys276 region of alphaq further identified two clusters of amino acids (Asp243,Asn244,Glu245 and Arg256,Thr257) that were specifically required for interaction with PLC. Comparison of the sequences of alphaq, alphas, and alphat showed that the PLC-interacting residues identified in alphaq are different from the corresponding residues in alphas and alphat that are involved in effector activation. Alignment of the sequences of alphaq and alphat, based on the crystal structure of alphat (Noel, J. P., Hamm, H. E., and Sigler, P. D. (1993) Nature 366, 654-663), indicated that the PLC-activating residues of alphaq are located in alpha-helix 3 and its linker to beta-sheet 4, which are adjacent to a switch region whose conformation changes with activation. It is proposed that the selectivity of alphaq for PLC involves relatively few amino acids, but that the effector may interact with other nonselective sequences in the alpha-subunit.
Activation of the tamoxifen derivative metabolite E to form DNA adducts: comparison with the adducts formed by microsomal activation of tamoxifen. (1995)

(Z)-1,2-Diphenyl-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)but-1-ene (metabolite E) has been detected in the plasma of patients treated with tamoxifen. We therefore investigated whether the cis/trans isomers of metabolite E can be activated to form DNA adducts detected by 32P postlabeling. Microsomal activation of metabolite E produced two major (a and b) and up to six minor DNA adducts. Activation with horseradish peroxidase or silver(I)oxide produced the same adducts (a and b). Microsomal activation of tamoxifen produced one major (no. 6) and several minor DNA adducts. Rechromatography showed that adducts a and b formed by enzymatic and chemical activation of metabolite E were the same as adducts 9 and 4 produced by microsomal activation of tamoxifen. These results demonstrate that activation of metabolite E can lead to DNA adduct formation.
Chemotherapy after PD‐1 inhibitors in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: Outcomes and clonal evolution dynamics (2022)

Checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are routinely employed in relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Nonetheless, persistent long-term responses are uncommon, and one-third of patients are refractory. Several reports have suggested that treatment with CPIs may re-sensitize patients to chemotherapy, however there is no consensus on the optimal chemotherapy regimen and subsequent consolidation strategy. In this retrospective study we analysed the response to rechallenge with chemotherapy after CPI failure. Furthermore, we exploratively characterized the clonal evolution profile of a small sample of patients (n = 5) by employing the CALDER approach. Among the 28 patients included in the study, 17 (71%) were primary refractory and 26 (92%) were refractory to the last chemotherapy prior to CPIs. Following rechallenge with chemotherapy, response was recorded in 23 (82%) patients experiencing complete remission and 3 (11%) patients experiencing partial remission. The tumour evolution of the patients inferred by CALDER seemingly occurred prior to the first cycle of therapy and was characterized either by linear or branching evolution patterns. Twenty-five patients proceeded to allogeneic stem cell transplantation. At a median follow-up of 21 months, median PFS and OS were not reached. In conclusion, patients who fail CPIs can be effectively rescued by salvage chemotherapy and bridged to allo-SCT/auto-SCT.
Flexible Electrostatic Energy Harvester Driven by Cyclic Eye Tear Wetting and Dewetting (2021)

We present the fabrication and experimental results of a flexible electrostatic energy harvester chip suitable for a smart contact lens application. The harvester consists of a variable area liquid capacitor formed between a hydrophobic film on the flex substrate and the rolling meniscus of a non-wetting eye tear drop. The harvester was tested under tear sliding motion emulating eyelid blinking. The 2×10 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> harvester generated 1.36 μJ of energy per blink and average power of 0.265 μW when pre-charged at 6 V and driven at typical blinking velocity conditions.
A framework-based approach to control system engineering following IEC61499 (2005)

Global competition and rapidly changing market requirements pose significant challenges for traditional control system engineering. To achieve systematic reuse in control system engineering, a framework-based approach is presented. Framework technology promotes reusing both architecture and components, thereby benefiting the whole lifecycle of control systems. An architecture that mainly consists of HMI, engineering tool, function block repository, and intelligent devices is proposed, which enables architecture level reuse. The component model with IEC61499 is introduced as the building block. The framework-based engineering methodology integrates new technologies in software engineering with IEC61499, and provides design pattern level reuse. An illustrative example of control system development for a water tank is presented, using the framework-based approach.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype and renal allograft survival. (1997)

Increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system has been implicated in decreased, long-term survival of renal allografts. Recent studies suggest that a deletion variant of the angiotensin-converting enzyme, associated with increased humoral and tissue activity of this enzyme, is a risk factor for the development of diabetic nephropathy and the progression of IgA nephropathy. To determine whether the deletion variant of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene influences the long-term outcome in renal transplant recipients, the relationship between donor and recipient angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype and clinical outcome were examined over a follow-up period up to 30 mo in a cohort of 269 Caucasian patients undergoing kidney transplantation between 1988 and 1993. In a subsequent case control study, the frequencies of the angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype were compared in a group of Caucasian patients with a graft survival of less than 3 yr (mean survival, 11 mo; n = 328) with the frequencies in patients with a graft survival of at least 3 yr (mean survival, 65 mo, n = 461). Neither in the cohort nor in the case control study was there a significant effect of recipient or donor angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype on transplant survival. Furthermore, the frequency of the angiotensin-converting enzyme deletion allele both in recipients and donors was similar to that reported in Caucasian controls. This study, therefore, does not support the hypothesis that the recipient or donor angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism is an important determinant of transplant survival in Caucasian patients undergoing renal transplantation.