gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Pre-Soaking Treatment Method of Plant-Based Aggregate on the Properties of Lightweight Concrete—Preliminary Study (2023)

This research investigates the effect of pre-soaking treatment on plant-based aggregate using a wet grout binder to formulate a high-strength lightweight concrete (HSLWC). Surface modification utilising a novel grout soaking technique with various water-to-cement (w/c) ratios has indicated a new method of approach for the recent development of lightweight plant-based aggregate (LWPA). In this experiment, the fresh and hardened properties of modified LWPA lightweight concrete were assessed by verifying their workability, densities, compressive and split tensile strengths towards the modulus of elasticity. The results showed that pre-soaking plant-based lightweight aggregate (w/c: 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2) slightly increased the density of the samples compared to untreated LWPA. The oven-dry density of treated and untreated LWPA is controlled in the range of HSLWC. The outcomes indicated that the workability of the surface-modified LWPA is significantly improved: up to 40% in 6 min for the (TDS)/0.6 sample compared to the original LWPA. The mechanical properties of the LWPA concrete with the surface modification method exhibit a substantial increment of compressive strength, split tensile strength and the modulus of elasticity; recorded at 22%, 26% and 34%, respectively. Significantly, the findings from this experiment reveal that the pre-soaking treatment method on LWPA is shown to be a highly recommended technique in improving interfacial bonding while maintaining its performance as one of the most promising solutions to improve the properties of lightweight concrete.
Structural basis of Plasmodium vivax inhibition by antibodies binding to the circumsporozoite protein repeats (2022)

Malaria is a global health burden, with <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (Pf) and <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> (Pv) responsible for the majority of infections worldwide. Circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is the most abundant protein on the surface of <i>Plasmodium</i> sporozoites, and antibodies targeting the central repeat region of CSP can prevent parasite infection. Although much has been uncovered about the molecular basis of antibody recognition of the PfCSP repeats, data remains scarce for PvCSP. Here, we performed molecular dynamics simulations for peptides comprising the PvCSP repeats from strains VK210 and VK247 to reveal how the PvCSP central repeats are highly disordered, with minor propensities to adopt turn conformations. Next, we solved eight crystal structures to unveil the interactions of two inhibitory monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 2F2 and 2E10.E9, with PvCSP repeats. Both antibodies can accommodate subtle sequence variances in the repeat motifs and recognize largely coiled peptide conformations that also contain isolated turns. Our structural studies uncover various degrees of Fab-Fab homotypic interactions upon recognition of the PvCSP central repeats by these two inhibitory mAbs, similar to potent mAbs against PfCSP. These findings augment our understanding of host<i>-Plasmodium</i> interactions and contribute molecular details of Pv inhibition by mAbs to unlock structure-based engineering of PvCSP-based vaccines.
Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Evidence on the One-Electron Reduction of U(VI) to U(V) on Magnetite (2015)

Reduction of U(VI) to U(IV) on mineral surfaces is often considered a one-step two-electron process. However, stabilized U(V), with no evidence of U(IV), found in recent studies indicates U(VI) can undergo a one-electron reduction to U(V) without further progression to U(IV). We investigated reduction pathways of uranium by reducing U(VI) electrochemically on a magnetite electrode at pH 3.4. Cyclic voltammetry confirms the one-electron reduction of U(VI) to U(V). Formation of nanosize uranium precipitates on the magnetite surface at reducing potentials and dissolution of the solids at oxidizing potentials are observed by in situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy. XPS analysis of the magnetite electrodes polarized in uranium solutions at voltages from -0.1 to -0.9 V (E(0)(U(VI)/U(V))= -0.135 V vs Ag/AgCl) show the presence of only U(V) and U(VI). The sample with the highest U(V)/U(VI) ratio was prepared at -0.7 V, where the longest average U-O(axial) distance of 2.05 ± 0.01 Å was evident in the same sample revealed by extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis. The results demonstrate that the electrochemical reduction of U(VI) on magnetite only yields U(V), even at a potential of -0.9 V, which favors the one-electron reduction mechanism. U(V) does not disproportionate but stabilizes on magnetite through precipitation of mixed-valence state U(V)/U(VI) solids.
Description of the Intrafollicular Delivery of Large Molecular Weight Molecules to Follicles of Human Scalp Skin In Vitro (1997)

The objective of this study was to ascertain the elements that govern the intrafollicular delivery of large molecules to follicles of human scalp skin in vitro. The experiments were designed to assess the intrafollicular disposition of drug as a function of size, charge, and formulation. First, fluorescein covalently linked to antisense oligonucleotides and rhodamine-conjugated dextrans were topically applied to fresh human scalp skin in vitro. The drug position in the follicle was qualitatively determined by examining histologic sections of hair-bearing skin taken parallel to the skin surface at various depths and dissected hair follicles via fluorescent microscopy. Using radiolabeled antisense oligonucleotides we demonstrated that these cross sections can also be used to quantitatively localize the intrafollicular delivery of large molecules to follicles of human scalp skin in vitro. Experimental results showed that cationic lipid-based formulations enhanced delivery of oligonucleotides within the follicle. The qualitative analysis also illustrated that cationic lipid-based formulations directed the intrafollicular permeation along the junction of the internal and external root sheath. The charged, lower molecular weight (MW) dextrans permeated into all components of the hair follicle, including the hair shaft. The higher MW dextrans were confined to the follicular structures immediately surrounding the hair shaft. The demonstration of quantitation showed that approximately 0.5% of the applied dose was delivered to the hair bulbs and the deeper skin strata within 24 h of a single application. We conclude that topically applied agents of relatively large MW, in properly formulated delivery vehicles; have the potential to reach pharmacologically active concentrations at the hair bulb. It also should be noted that delivery takes place via the junction of the internal and external root sheath.
Der Biokompex RiV reduziert die ICAM-1 und VCAM-1 mRNA-Expression über Abschwächung der NF-κB-Translokation in humanen venösen Endothelzellen (HUVEC) (2008)

Hintergrund: Der grundlegende, biologische Abwehrmechanismus RiV ("reaction pattern in vertebrate cells") wird charakterisiert durch einzelne Zellen, die einen Biokomplex produzieren, der Proteine und Nukleinsäuren enthält. Wenn suszeptible Zellen von Vertebraten isoliert und unter Hungerstress gesetzt werden, produzieren sie den Biokomplex. RiV wurde bereits erfolgreich gegen Virusinfektionen (AIDS, chronische Hepatitis C) und maligne Tumoren eingesetzt. Die Auswirkungen von RiV auf Endothelzellen sind, analysierten wir die die Effekte von RiV auf die Expression von ICAM-1 und VCAM-1 in zytokinbehandelten venösen Endothelzellen aus humanen Nabelschnüren (HUVEC). Methoden: HUVEC wurden 30 Minuten mit RiV (1:200) vorbehandelt und anschließend mit TNF-α (10ng/ml) stimuliert. Nach vier Stunden wurde die Gesamt-RNA mit Standardmethoden isoliert. Die mRNA Expression wurde mit TaqMan® relativ zu GAPDH bestimmt; die Oberflächenexpression mit Zell-ELISA bestimmt. Die Aktivierung des Transkriptionsfaktors NF-κB wurde für die Untereinheiten p50 und p65 mit ELISA nach 60 Minuten quantifiziert. Daten sind Prozentwerte±SEM von TNF-α-behandelten Zellen (100%). Ergebnisse: Nach vier Stunden war die mRNA Expression von ICAM-1 (1±0%) and VCAM-1 (1±1%; je n=7, p≤0.001) gering. Vorbehandlung der Zellen mit RiV führte zu einer Reduzierung der ICAM-1 (70±10%, n=7, p<0.05), and VCAM-1 (71±12%, n=7, p<0.05) mRNA Expression im Vergleich zu TNF-stimulierten Zellen (100%). Die ICAM-1 Oberflächenexpression in RiV/TNF-behandelten Zellen war ebenfalls reduziert (94±2%, n=4, p<0.05) im Vergleich zu zytokinbehandelten Zellen. RiV/TNF-behandelten Zellen zeigten eine Abschwächung der nukleären Translokation von p50 (86±4%; n=4, p<0.05) und p65 (85±2%, n=4, p<0.05). Schlussfolgerungen: RiV könnte einen anti-inflammatorischen Effekt auf Endothelzellen über die Reduzierung der ICAM-1 und CAM-1 mRNA Expression, die durch Abschwächung der p50 und p65 Translokation vermittelt wird, ausüben.
Formaldehyde Gas Sensor Utilizing Self-heating NiO Thin Film and Pt Electrodes (2006)

This study has demonstrated a novel self-heating formaldehyde gas sensor based on a thin NiO sensing layer. Pt IDEs are formed on the sensing layer to measure the conductivity changes caused by formaldehyde oxidation at the oxide surface. Furthermore, the refined grain size of the oxide sensing layer significantly increases the sensitivity of the gas sensor, improves its detection limit capability. The microfabricated formaldehyde gas sensor presented in this study is suitable not only for industrial process monitoring, but also for the detection of formaldehyde concentrations in buildings in order to safeguard human health.
Does non‐metastatic gastric cancer of the cardia warrant a different treatment strategy? (2023)

OS rate in nonmetastatic CGC is not significantly different between patients receiving PEC, POCR, or POC.
Improved Differential Evolution Algorithm with Random Migration Operator (2009)

An improved differential evolution algorithm is given. In the algorithm a logarithm increased crossover and a random migration operator are used to overcome the convergent slowness in the later period of the iteration and fall easily into premature convergence. It is shown by the experiments on eight typical problems that the modified algorithm has strongly global search ability.
Spectrofluorimetry at zero angle: determination of salicylic acid in an acetylsalicylic acid pharmaceutical formulation (1994)

In this work, a solid-state spectrofluorimetric method for drug assays was developed. In particular, we report the determination of salicylic acid (SA), as a hydrolysis product, in solid pharmaceutical formulations containing acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Recently, we described a sensitive and accurate fluorescence method that provided, through a mathematical application, the simultaneous determination of ASA and SA. By means of the spectrofluorimetric method reported herein it was possible to carry out the SA determination, without any mathematical calculation and with a sensitivity 100 times that of our previous method. The intra- and inter-day reproducibility of the spectrofluorimetric method, expressed as the relative standard deviation, ranged from 0.1 to 0.3%. The present method requires a fluorescence apparatus with the excitation and detection systems in-line (zero angle). The detection system was not sensitive to the excitation wavelength, but was highly sensitive to emission wavelengths from 350 to 800 nm. The results obtained were compared with those of our previous spectrofluorimetric method, together with those of a high-performance liquid chromatography method and a US Pharmacopeia method. The sensitivity of the method was of the order of 10(-8) g.
Role of Carbon Substrates in RuO2-Carbon Composite Electrode for Electrochemical Capacitors (2008)

Abstract not Available.
Metallionenselektive Austauscherharze durch Matrixprägung mit Metallmethacrylaten (1988)

Bis unter die Nachweisgrenze und spezifisch konnten Cu2⊕- Ionen aus Brauch wasser mit Ionenaustauscherharzen entfernt werden, bei deren Synthese Kupfer(II)-methacrylate als Copolymerisate verwendet wurden. Dies zeigt, daß die während der Polymerisation vorhandenen Metallkomplexe die Hohlraumstruktur der Harze so prägen, daß nach der Elution dieser Metall-Ionen bevorzugt Ionen desselben Elements in die Hohlräume aufgenommen werden.
Development of a Novel Basket Impeller Dualflow Tray Catalytic Distillation Reactor (2005)

A new catalytic distillation column which combines the superior gas-to-liquid mass transfer attributes of a dualflow tray with the higher reaction rates found in a rotating basket slurry reactor has been investigated in this study to improve conversion and yield for thermodynamically limited reaction systems possessing product-inhibited kinetics using tert-butyl alcohol dehydration over Amberlyst 15 as model reaction. Optimal conditions for nonreactive separation efficiency were also the most favorable for catalytic distillation. Compared to conventional fixed bed catalytic distillation, the new basket impeller column offered a 70% yield improvement in TBA dehydration. Moreover, unlike the common nonrotating catalytic distillation reactor, the spinning basket impeller column can handle reactions characterized by both low equilibrium constant and low Damköhler number.
868. Investigations of Healthcare-Associated Elizabethkingia Infections – United States, 2013-2019 (2020)

Abstract Background Elizabethkingia (EK) are non-motile gram-negative rods found in soil and water and are an emerging cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). We describe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) consultations for healthcare-associated EK infections and outbreaks. Methods CDC maintains records of consultations with state or local health departments related to HAI outbreaks and infection control breaches. We reviewed consultations involving EK species as the primary pathogen of concern January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2019 and summarized data on healthcare settings, infection types, laboratory analysis, and control measures. Results We identified 9 consultations among 8 states involving 73 patient infections. Long-term acute-care hospitals (LTACHs) accounted for 4 consultations and 32 (43%) infections, and skilled nursing facilities with ventilated patients (VSNFs) accounted for 2 consultations and 31 (42%) infections. Other settings included an acute care hospital, an assisted living facility, and an outpatient ear, nose, and throat clinic. Culture sites included the respiratory tract (n=7 consultations), blood (n=4), and sinus tract (n=1), and E. anophelis was the most commonly identified species. Six consultations utilized whole genome sequencing (WGS); 4 identified closely related isolates from different patients and 2 also identified closely related environmental and patient isolates. Mitigation measures included efforts to reduce EK in facility water systems, such as the development of water management plans, consulting water management specialists, flushing water outlets, and monitoring water quality, as well as efforts to minimize patient exposure such as cleaning of shower facilities and equipment, storage of respiratory therapy supplies away from water sources, and use of splash guards on sinks. Conclusion EK is an important emerging pathogen that causes HAI outbreaks, particularly among chronically ventilated patients. LTACHs and VSNFs accounted for the majority of EK consultations and patient infections. Robust water management plans and infection control practices to minimize patient exposure to contaminated water in these settings are important measures to reduce infection risk among vulnerable patients. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
Developments of the off-plane x-ray grating spectrometer for IXO (2010)

The International X-ray Observatory (IXO) is a collaborative effort between NASA, ESA, and JAXA. The IXO science goals are heavily based on obtaining high quality X-ray spectra. In order to achieve this goal the science payload will incorporate an array of gratings for high resolution, high throughput spectroscopy at the lowest X-ray energies, 0.3 - 1.0 keV. The spectrometer will address a number of important astrophysical goals such as studying the dynamics of clusters of galaxies, determining how elements are created in the explosions of massive stars, and revealing most of the "normal" matter in the universe which is currently thought to be hidden in hot filaments of gas stretching between galaxies. We present here a mature design concept for an Off-Plane X-ray Grating Spectrometer (OP-XGS). This XGS concept has seen recent significant advancements in optical and mechanical design. We present here an analysis of how the baseline OP-XGS design fulfills the IXO science requirements for the XGS and the optical and mechanical details of this design.
Noncontact atomic force microscopy study of copper-phthalocyanines: Submolecular-scale contrasts in topography and energy dissipation (2004)

Copper-phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films on MoS2 surfaces were investigated by noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM). Submolecular resolution was successfully obtained in both topographic and dissipation images of CuPc monolayers. For topographic contrasts, the influence of short-range chemical interactions is particularly considered while the dissipation contrasts are discussed in relation to the tip-induced molecular fluctuations. Molecularly-resolved NC-AFM image was also obtained on CuPc multilayer, which revealed the structural difference between the monolayer and multilayer surfaces. The energy dissipation measured on these surfaces showed distinctive difference reflecting the different structural stabilities in the films. Furthermore, local surface modification of CuPc monolayer was demonstrated by NC-AFM. This is a direct evidence for the existence of energy transfer from the vibrating cantilever to the molecules through dissipative tip–sample interactions.
Localization with Power Control in Wireless Sensor Networks (2006)

Localization is an important topic in wireless sensor networks because sensor nodes are randomly scattered over a region and they get connected into network on their own. Adjusting transmission power levels has an important impact on energy efficiency and network lifetime in wireless sensor networks. In this work, we proposed a localization scheme with power control in a wireless sensor network. Each node can transmit beacon packet in different power levels. Whenever a node receives beacon packets transferred in different power levels, it will adaptively select beacon packet to estimate distance to the landmark. When a sensor node has estimated the distances to three landmarks, it can compute its location by triangulation. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can improve the error rate of localization.
Gating of Inward Rectifier K+ Channels by Proton-mediated Interactions of N- and C-terminal Domains (2000)

Ion channels play an important role in cellular functions, and specific cellular activity can be produced by gating them. One important gating mechanism is produced by intra- or extracellular ligands. Although the ligand-mediated channel gating is an important cellular process, the relationship between ligand binding and channel gating is not well understood. It is possible that ligands are involved in the interactions of different protein domains of the channel leading to opening or closing. To test this hypothesis, we studied the gating of Kir2.3 (HIR) by intracellular protons. Our results showed that hypercapnia or intracellular acidification strongly inhibited these channels. This effect relied on both the N and C termini. The CO(2)/pH sensitivities were abolished or compromised when one of the intracellular termini was replaced. Using purified N- and C-terminal peptides, we found that the N and C termini bound to each other in vitro. Although their binding was weak at pH 7.4, stronger binding was seen at pH 6.6. Two short sequences in the N and C termini were found to be critical for the N/C-terminal interaction. Interestingly, there was no titratable residue in these motifs. To identify the potential protonation sites, we systematically mutated most histidine residues in the intracellular N and C termini. We found that mutations of several histidine residues in the C but not the N terminus had a major effect on channel sensitivities to CO(2) and pH(i). These results suggest that at acidic pH, protons appear to interact with the C-terminal histidine residues and present the C terminus to the N terminus. Consequentially, these two intracellular termini bound to each other through two short motifs and closed the channel. Thus, a novel mechanism for K(+) channel gating is demonstrated, which involves the N- and C-terminal interaction with protons as the mediator.
Induction of Pro-Apoptotic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Multiple Myeloma Cells by NEO214, Perillyl Alcohol Conjugated to Rolipram (2018)

Despite the introduction of new therapies for multiple myeloma (MM), many patients are still dying from this disease and novel treatments are urgently needed. We have designed a novel hybrid molecule, called NEO214, that was generated by covalent conjugation of the natural monoterpene perillyl alcohol (POH), an inducer of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, to rolipram (Rp), an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4). Its potential anticancer effects were investigated in a panel of MM cell lines. We found that NEO214 effectively killed MM cells in vitro with a potency that was over an order of magnitude stronger than that of its individual components, either alone or in combination. The cytotoxic mechanism of NEO214 involved severe ER stress and prolonged induction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), a key pro-apoptotic component of the ER stress response. These effects were prevented by salubrinal, a pharmacologic inhibitor of ER stress, and by <i>CHOP</i> gene knockout. Conversely, combination of NEO214 with bortezomib, a drug in clinical use for patients with MM, resulted in synergistic enhancement of MM cell death. Combination with the adenylate cyclase stimulant forskolin did not enhance NEO214 impact, indicating that cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (AMP) pathways might play a lesser role. Our study introduces the novel agent NEO214 as a potent inducer of ER stress with significant anti-MM activity in vitro. It should be further investigated as a potential MM therapy aimed at exploiting this tumor's distinct sensitivity to ER stress.
Third component of human complement: structural analysis of the polypeptide chains of C3 and C3b (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThird component of human complement: structural analysis of the polypeptide chains of C3 and C3bBrian F. Tack, Sam C. Morris, and James W. PrahlCite this: Biochemistry 1979, 18, 8, 1497–1503Publication Date (Print):April 17, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 17 April 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00575a017https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00575a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts