gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experience with using soft magnetic composites for electrical machines (1998)

The genesis of the work reported is magnetic materials formed by compacting and bonding iron powder (plus possibly alloys). The powder particles are (weakly) insulated one from another and hence eddy currents are restricted and good AC performance is achieved. They should be separated from iron powder compacted parts which are subsequently sintered. This process results in contact between the powder grains and hence very poor AC properties. The bonded material has become known as a soft magnetic composite or SMC. The nature of the material and the way that it is formed gives new design freedoms. Of particular importance is the fact that the material is isotropic and complex parts can be formed with good tolerance and surface finish. The compaction process cannot achieve full density and hence permeability is nowhere near as good as laminated steel, a figure of 500 for maximum relative permeability is good. This makes the material relatively better for machines with low demand on permeability for example, permanent magnet, universal (and DC) and synchronous machines. It is more difficult to achieve good results for machines with a high demand on permeability-induction, reluctance and stepping motors fall into this category.
Arthrobacter defluvii sp. nov., 4-chlorophenol-degrading bacteria isolated from sewage (2008)

Two 4-chlorophenol-degrading bacteria, strains 4C1-aT and 4C1-b, were isolated from sewage flowing into Geumho River near the Daegu industrial complex in Korea. Cells of the strains were Gram-positive and non-motile, displayed a rod-coccus life cycle and formed creamy white colonies on R2A agar or peptone-carbohydrate agar. The strains had chemotaxonomic markers that were consistent with classification in the genus Arthrobacter, i.e. MK-9(H2) as the major menaquinone, iso- and anteiso-branched components as the predominant fatty acids, galactose, glucose and rhamnose as cell-wall sugars, peptidoglycan-type A3alpha, and DNA G+C content of 63.5-64.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, showed that the strains were most similar to Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus DSM 12829T, Arthrobacter oxydans DSM 20119T and Arthrobacter scleromae JCM 12642T (with 98.4, 97.8 and 97.8 % similarity, respectively) and formed a separate lineage with A. chlorophenolicus in the genus Arthrobacter. Combined phenotypic data and DNA-DNA hybridization data supported the conclusion that strains 4C1-aT and 4C1-b represent a novel species in the genus Arthrobacter, for which the name Arthrobacter defluvii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 4C1-aT (=KCTC 19209T=DSM 18782T).
Dose-Dependent Production of Anti-PEG IgM after Intramuscular PEGylated-Hydrogenated Soy Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes, but Not Lipid Nanoparticle Formulations of DNA, Correlates with the Plasma Clearance of PEGylated Liposomal Doxorubicin in Rats (2023)

PEGylated lipid nanoparticle-based Covid-19 vaccines, including Pfizer's BNT162b2 and Moderna's mRNA-1273, have been shown to stimulate variable anti-PEG antibody production in humans. Anti-PEG antibodies have the potential to accelerate the plasma clearance of PEGylated therapeutics, such as PEGylated liposomes and proteins, and compromise their therapeutic efficacy. However, it is not yet clear whether antibody titers produced by PEGylated Covid-19 vaccines significantly affect the clearance of PEGylated therapeutics. This study examined how anti-PEG IgM levels affect the pharmacokinetics of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) and compared the immunogenicity of a lipid nanoparticle formulation of linear DNA (DNA-LNP) to standard PEG-HSPC liposomes. DNA-LNP was prepared using the same composition and approach as Pfizer's BNT162b2, except linear double-stranded DNA was used as the genetic material. PEGylated HSPC-based liposomes were formulated using the lipid rehydration and extrusion method. Nanoparticles were dosed IM to rats at 0.005-0.5 mg lipid/kg body weight 1 week before evaluating the plasma pharmacokinetics of clinically relevant doses of PLD (1 mg/kg, IV) or PEGylated interferon α2a (Pegasys, 5 μg/kg, SC). Plasma PEG IgM was compared between pre- and 1-week post-dose blood samples. The results showed that anti-PEG IgM production increased with increasing PEG-HSPC liposome dose and that IgM significantly correlated with the plasma half-life, clearance, volume of distribution, and area under the curve of a subsequent dose of PLD. The plasma exposure of Pegasys was also significantly reduced after initial delivery of 0.005 mg/ml PEG-HSPC liposome. However, a single 0.05 mg/kg IM dose of DNA-LNP did not significantly elevate PEG IgM and did not alter the IV pharmacokinetics of PLD. These data showed that PEGylated Covid-19 vaccines are less immunogenic compared to standard PEGylated HSPC liposomes and that there is an antibody threshold for accelerating the clearance of PEGylated therapeutics.
Quantitation in receptor pharmacology. (2001)

The activity of drugs on receptors can be visualized in appropriate systems. However, for comparisons of activity to be made, these effects must be quantified. The common currency for this quantitation is the dose-response curve. Thus, the shape, location (along the concentration axis), and maximal asymptote of dose-response curves are used to quantify drug activity and comparisons to mathematical models of receptors are made to describe mechanism of action. This review cites examples of where these quantitative procedure yield information beyond what is readily apparent through observation of the data and thus support the use of quantitative methods to maximize the information gained from experiments.
Ultra wide mode-hop free tuning around 1550-NM telecom wavelength using high-speed MEMS-VCSELS (2015)

We report ultra-wide tuning of a 1550 nm BCB based high-speed MEMS-VCSEL. The MEMS is electrothermally actuated for a continuous tuning of 101 nm. Maximum output power and minimum threshold current is 3.2 mW and 2.6 mA, respectively.
Correction to Preparation of a Diphosphine with Persistent Phosphinyl Radical Character in Solution: Characterization, Reactivity with O2, S8, Se, Te, and P4, and Electronic Structure Calculations (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Preparation of a Diphosphine with Persistent Phosphinyl Radical Character in Solution: Characterization, Reactivity with O2, S8, Se, Te, and P4, and Electronic Structure CalculationsNick A. Giffin, Arthur D. Hendsbee, Tracey L. Roemmele, Michael D. Lumsden, Cory C. Pye, and Jason D. Masuda*Cite this: Inorg. Chem. 2013, 52, 1, 527Publication Date (Web):December 11, 2012Publication History Published online11 December 2012Published inissue 7 January 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic302621fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ic302621fcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views575Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (107 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Breaking Down Pluripotency in the Porcine Embryo Reveals Both a Premature and Reticent Stem Cell State in the Inner Cell Mass and Unique Expression Profiles of the Naive and Primed Stem Cell States (2014)

To date, it has been difficult to establish bona fide porcine embryonic stem cells (pESC) and stable induced pluripotent stem cells. Reasons for this remain unclear, but they may depend on inappropriate culture conditions. This study reports the most insights to date on genes expressed in the pluripotent cells of the porcine embryo, namely the inner cell mass (ICM), the trophectoderm-covered epiblast (EPI), and the embryonic disc epiblast (ED). Specifically, we reveal that the early porcine ICM represents a premature state of pluripotency due to lack of translation of key pluripotent proteins, and the late ICM enters a transient, reticent pluripotent state which lacks expression of most genes associated with pluripotency. We describe a unique expression profile of the porcine EPI, reflecting the naive stem cell state, including expression of OCT4, NANOG, CRIPTO, and SSEA-1; weak expression of NrOB1 and REX1; but very limited expression of genes in classical pathways involved in regulating pluripotency. The porcine ED, reflecting the primed stem cell state, can be characterized by the expression of OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4, cMYC, REX1, CRIPTO, and KLF2. Further cell culture experiments using inhibitors against FGF, JAK/STAT, BMP, WNT, and NODAL pathways on cell cultures derived from day 5 and 10 embryos reveal the importance of FGF, JAK/STAT, and BMP signaling in maintaining cell proliferation of pESCs in vitro. Together, this article provides new insights into the regulation of pluripotency, revealing unique stem cell states in the different porcine stem cell populations derived from the early developing embryo.
Developing a speaker identification system for the DARPA RATS project (2013)

This paper describes the speaker identification (SID) system developed by the Patrol team for the first phase of the DARPA RATS (Robust Automatic Transcription of Speech) program, which seeks to advance state of the art detection capabilities on audio from highly degraded communication channels. We present results using multiple SID systems differing mainly in the algorithm used for voice activity detection (VAD) and feature extraction. We show that (a) unsupervised VAD performs as well supervised methods in terms of downstream SID performance, (b) noise-robust feature extraction methods such as CFCCs out-perform MFCC front-ends on noisy audio, and (c) fusion of multiple systems provides 24% relative improvement in EER compared to the single best system when using a novel SVM-based fusion algorithm that uses side information such as gender, language, and channel id.
Water Supply Analysis for the Guam Comprehensive Study. (1982)

This report presents an analysis of five types of water supply alternative plans for public water use on Guam. These include (1) northern lens aquifer plus military sources; (2) northern lens aquifer only; (3) northern lens aquifer plus southeastern river; (4) southeastern river development only, and (5) southeastern river development plus military sources. There are two parts to the report. The first part, Water Distribution System Analysis, presents the results of a water balance for the five types of alternatives under three water use projections, and documents the collection of data and development and calibration of the MAPS(Methodology for Areawide Planning Studies) water distribution system for Guam. In the second part, Economic Analysis of Alternatives, conceptual designs are presented for each type of alternative for three water use projections. These designs include source, treatment, and major distribution facilities. In general, alternatives relying on the northern lens aquifer were less expensive because of the large capital cost associated with large dams. The large dams with centralized treatment should produce better quality water. Use of several types of sources should reduce the stresses on the northern lens aquifer.
Concluding remarks: summary and some pointers for the future (2014)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
N‐Alkylsulfonylimines as Dipolarophiles in Cycloaddition Reactions (2012)

First described in the late 1960s, N-alkylsulfonylimines are heterocumulenes that participate in reactions with a range of 1,3-dipoles to afford interesting 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-membered heterocycles. The distribution of adducts obtained suggests that multistage, stepwise mechanistic pathways rather than a concerted process are in operation.
Etude mécanique et technologique du taraudage par déformation : application aux aciers prétraités (2004)

Threaded assembly is much used solution for engineering design and most of internal threads are obtained by a tapping process. Form tapping is an alternative to cut tapping. The technique of form tapping creates the thread by work material displacement and without chip. The characteristics of formed thread are quite different from those obtained by cut tapping. The study deals with form tapping applied to treated steels and also with the threaded holes produced. The thread formation is a key point of the process investigations. It is a three-dimensional plastic flow. The forming of the thread leads to strain hardening of the work material, which is involved in the tap wear. An analysis of the displacement, strain and stress field is proposed. The tool material, tapped material and the fluid significantly influence the plastic flow. The formed threads have superior geometric qualities as compared to those of the threads made by cut tapping. Furthermore, the tensile strength of thread formed in low carbon steel, under static test, is also greater due to the reinforcement of the work material by strain hardening.
GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION FOR SOYMILK AND TOFU QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS1 (2002)

Abstract Understanding the genetic and environmental influences responsible for variation in end‐use quality of soymilk and tofu will help soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeders develop cultivars for use in high‐quality products. This study was conducted to examine the relative contribution of genotype, environment, and their interaction to soymilk and tofu quality. Twelve genotypes were evaluated at two locations for 2 years, and a second group of 60 genotypes was tested at three locations for a single year. Genotype was the primary source of variation for most quality characteristics measured in soymilk and tofu. The relatively important genotype by environment interactions for tofu firmness and gumminess suggested the need for extensive testing to evaluate for these traits. A large genotype by environment interaction for chewiness prevented selection for this trait. These results indicate that breeders should consider genotype by environment interaction when developing soybean cultivars for soymilk and tofu.
The Awakening Cortisol Response: Methodological Issues and Significance (2004)

The awakening cortisol response (ACR) is a discrete and distinctive part of the cortisol circadian cycle. In healthy adults salivary free cortisol concentrations increase by between 50 and 160% in the first 30 min immediately post-awakening (approximate average increase of 9 nmol/l, range 4-15 nmol/l, estimated to be equivalent to about three secretory episodes). However there are no agreed norms for the absolute concentrations of free cortisol in saliva either immediately post-awakening (range of 4.7-18.5 nmol/l) or 30 min post-awakening (range of 8.6-21.9 nmol/l). This review explores reasons for these discrepancies in normative data including confounding factors such as gender, age, awakening time, light and participant adherence. Although the physiological role of the ACR has not been clearly defined evidence is discussed that suggests it is under a distinct regulatory influence, different from the rest of the diurnal cortisol secretory cycle. Despite the difficulties associated with its measurement a range of studies have demonstrated an association between the ACR and psychosocial variables, stress and health. However it remains unclear whether positive affect and good health are consistently associated with larger or smaller awakening responses. It is early days in the search for the role and significance of the ACR. Its putative role in the regulation of physiological function across the day (e.g. the immune system) and its sensitivity to psychosocial variables make it a prime candidate as an intermediary linking mind and health.
Anti-diabetic biguanides inhibit hormone-induced intracellular Ca2+ concentration oscillations in rat hepatocytes (1994)

Rat hepatocytes respond to glycogenolytic stimuli acting via phosphoinositide breakdown (e.g. alpha 1-adrenergic agonists, vasopressin) by oscillations of the free intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). We have investigated the action of metformin and phenformin, two anti-diabetic drugs of the biguanide type, on phenylephrine-induced [Ca2+]i oscillations. Metformin and phenformin lowered the frequency of the [Ca2+]i oscillations in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 0.1 mM and 1 microM, respectively. Simultaneous addition of the biguanides and insulin resulted in a further reduction of the frequency. By contrast, agents which increase the cellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) concentration (glucagon, forskolin, N,2'-O-dibutyryl-cAMP) reversed this inhibition. Furthermore, we investigated whether biguanides influenced the agonist-induced Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane. When hepatocytes were loaded with the acetoxymethyl ester of fura-2 (fura-2/AM), addition of Mn2+ led to a quench of cellular fura-2, measured at the isosbestic excitation wavelength of 360 nm, until a new steady state was reached. Surprisingly, however, this addition of Mn2+ caused a marked increase of the fluorescence ratio simultaneously measured at 340 and 380 nm during the approach of the 360 nm signal to a new steady state. This observation can be understood on the basis of a compartmentalization of fura-2/AM into intracellular stores sensing the [Ca2+] therein. Subsequent application of phenylephrine resulted in a further decline of the fura-2 signal at 360 nm and a concomitant decrease of the fluorescence ratio. This second phase of the Mn2+ quench and the decrease of the fluorescence ratio could be diminished by addition of either 3 mM metformin or 30 microM phenformin. By contrast, when hepatocytes were loaded with fura-2/pentapotassium salt via a patch pipette, only the initial Mn(2+)-induced quench, measured at 360 nm, but no change of the fluorescence ratio, could be observed. The subsequent addition of phenylephrine and biguanides during the on-going quench caused no further changes, except for a fading oscillatory response. After loading hepatocytes with fluo-3 acetoxymethyl ester, the cells were permeabilized with 5 microM digitonin. Addition of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) caused a rapid decrease of the remaining cellular fluorescence which could be effectively inhibited by 20 micrograms/ml heparin, indicating a release of Ca2+ from intracellular compartments mediated by IP3. This IP3-induced release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores could be diminished by prior addition of metformin and phenformin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Resonant tunneling and planar Gunn diodes: a comparison of two solid state sources for terahertz technology (2014)

The demand for higher frequency applications is growing and a solid-state source for THz frequencies is needed. We compare experimentally demonstarted results of resonant tunneling diode and planar Gunn diodes for terahertz technology. The highest power demonstrated for W-band RTD oscillators at 75.2 GHz with -0.2 dBm (0.96 mW) and at 300GHz for submicron planar Gunn with -16dBm (28μW) are compared as the potential solid-state source for Terahertz applications.
Integrating 3D Product Models with Assembly Line Balancing Via Process Consumption (2018)

Validating assembly precedence and generating shop floor work instructions for highly configured assemblies involving over 1000 components can be very time consuming and inaccurate. This paper will define and demonstrate a process for mapping the 3D product assembly model to the Process Routing which is linked to the assembly line. A key enabler of this technique is a method to map the consumption of 3D model components in the process plan via a configured BOM and Routing using Model and Option rules. This method will be shown.
344. AAV Vector-Mediated Msx1 Gene Transfer Induces Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells in Skeletal Muscle (2006)

After a considerable dispute, it was shown that cells with hematopoietic activity in muscles are derived from bone marrow. Transdifferentiation is not a frequent event, if any, and such a phenomenon cannot be applied to tissue regeneration easily. To achieve a breakthrough, we explored the possibility that genetic manipulation could enhance the efficiency of transdifferentiation. It was reported that transient overexpression of a homeobox- containing transcriptional repressor Msx1 in C2C12 myotubes generated multipotent mononuclear cells (MNCs) (Odelberg SJ et al, Cell 103:1099, 2000). They implied that enforced Msx1 expression caused dedifferentiation of myotubes to generate MNCs, and subsequent Msx1 suppression allowed redifferentiation of these MNCs into myotubes, chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteocytes. We found a similar phenomenon in vivo after delivery of the Msx1 gene into murine skeletal muscle by an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector (Endo T et al, manuscript in preparation). An AAV vector expressing Msx1 (AAV/msx1) was injected into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of C57BL/6 mouse. After 1–4 weeks, MNCs isolated from the treated muscle included immature hematopoietic cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the proportion of CD34-/c-Kit+ cells was increased from1.3 ± 0.9% (0 week) to 8.2 ± 1.5% (3 weeks postinjection; p = 0.003) /13.6 ± 6.0% (4 weeks; p = 0.07). CD45+/Sca-1+ cells were increased from 2.4 ± 0.4% (0 week) to 33.6 ± 5.7% (3 weeks; p = 0.01)/ 32.6 ± 5.1% (4 weeks; p = 0.01). Total number of hematopoietic colony-forming units (CFU) was also increased, peaking at 3 weeks (average 48.9 CFU/muscle), whereas very few progenitors detected at 0 week (average 1.4 CFU/muscle). Finally, in vivo reconstitution activity of these muscle-derived cells was evaluated. MNCs were prepared from Ly5.2 donor TA muscle after 4 weeks of AAV/msx1 injection. 3×105 MNCs were cotransplanted with 2×105 Ly5.1 bone marrow cells to lethally irradiated Ly5.1 recipients. Among 5 mice transplanted, a robust engraftment of Ly5.2 cells was observed in 2 animals (55.2% at 8 months and 41.7% at 6 months, respectively). In the secondary transplants, the primary donor cell chimerism was even higher (up to 82.9% at 7 months). In the primary and secondary transplants, a remarkable chimerism was observed in myeloid cells (Mac1+), T- lymphocytes (CD3+) and B-lymphocytes (B220+), suggesting that the AAV/msx1-treated muscle contained multipotent stem/progenitor cells. If these cells are indeed derived from the muscle cells, blood cells may be artificially supplied from extrahematopoietic tissues, with proper differentiation cues provided.
Synthesis and antitumor activities of unsymmetrically substituted 1,4-bis[(aminoalkyl)amino]anthracene-9,10-diones and related systems (1986)

A number of unsymmetrically substituted 1,4-bis[(aminoalkyl)amino]anthracene-9,10-diones have been synthesized and evaluated for their antitumor activity against L1210 in vitro and in vivo. The high activity of several compounds observed in vitro was not paralleled by comparable activity in vivo. The activities of the substituted 1,4-bis[(aminoalkyl)amino]anthracene-9,10-diones as inhibitors of cell growth were generally much higher than those of the related 1-[(aminoalkyl)amino]-4-methoxyanthracene-9,10-diones, and this correlated with the relative abilities of compounds of the two types to interact with calf thymus DNA.