gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Formal Framework for Maximum Error Estimation in Approximate Logic Synthesis (2021)

Approximate logic synthesis techniques have become popular in error-resilient systems, where accuracy requirements can be traded for improved energy efficiency. Many of these techniques operate on a circuit by substituting or removing some of its portions under a predefined error constraint; however, the research on systematic methods to determine the error induced by such transformations is still at an early stage. We propose herein a generic framework for modeling maximum error in a circuit, called partition and propagate, which is a fundamental preliminary step for ALS. This framework is based on circuit partitioning and error propagation among the subcircuits. We provide a sound, complete formal description of such framework, and we illustrate how two state-of-the-art algorithms can be subsumed by it. Moreover, we propose a novel gate-level error-modeling algorithm, which is able to identify the whole range of possible errors induced by a given approximate transformation. We compare the three strategies and illustrate the efficiency of the new error-propagation methodology, which is able to identify accurate error bounds and, hence, guide ALS techniques to more valuable solutions.
Anxiolytic Effects of the MCH1R Antagonist TPI 1361-17 (2010)

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that acts on the MCH1 receptor. MCH1R is expressed widely throughout the brain, particularly in regions thought to be involved in the regulation of stress and emotional response. The role of MCH in anxiety has been controversial, however. Central administration of MCH has been reported to promote or reduce anxiety-like behaviors. The anxiolytic activity of several MCH1R antagonists has also been debated. To address this issue, we have tested whether TPI 1361-17, a highly specific and high affinity MCH1R antagonist, exerts anxiolytic effects in two commonly used models of anxiety, the elevated plus maze and the light-dark transition test. We show that this MCH1R antagonist exerts potent anxiolytic effects in both assays. Our study therefore supports previous studies indicating that MCH1R antagonists may be useful in the treatment of anxiety.
Relaxed Fidelity CFD Methods Applied to Store Separation Problems (2004)

The goal of relaxed fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods is to provide a store separation analysis capability that lies between the accuracy-productivity characteristics of influence function methods and time-accurate CFD methods. Two methods are presented in this paper, both of which provide significant accuracy improvements over influence function methods while providing rapid enough turn around times to support parameter and design studies. The first technique discussed is the Minimized Domain CFD (MDCFD) method. This method allows the collection of store force and moment data on relatively small 'minimized' domains that contain the store of interest and any other nearby geometry. The boundary conditions on the minimized domain are extracted from a baseline CFD solution of the full aircraft configuration. The product of the MDCFD method is a set of store force and moment coefficients at various locations relative the aircraft. This method is demonstrated on the Miniature Munition Technology Demonstrator (MMTD) and the Powered Low Cost Autonomous Attack System Tandem Pack Configuration (PLOCAAS) in the flow field of the F/A-22 aircraft. The second technique discussed is the Sensitivity Analysis (SA) method. In this method sensitivity derivatives are computed from a baseline CFD solution on a store using a linearized perturbation scheme and these sensitivity derivatives are added to the baseline solution to obtain the new flow field. The resulting solution costs significantly less to compute than the original baseline solution and allows the efficient computation of a parameter space around a specific baseline solution. The method presented applies perturbation boundary conditions at the surface of the store for variations in store orientation. Predictions are made for a one-degree change in angle of attack and angle of sideslip for the MMTD and PLOCAAS to demonstrate this capability.
Nepotism (1994)

Nepotism in management is an extremely sensitive and touchy issue in American business. It has implications not only for management development, promotion, and control, and not only for the image and public relations of business, but also for executives who have, or would like to have, relatives in management positions. Nepotism has been criticized mostly as being unprofessional. Its opponents have claimed that the rise of an intellectual, analytical approach to management spells the decline and ultimate extinction of nepotism. However, nepotism is alive and on the march in American business and will continue to remain deeply ingrained in all industries simply because it pays to be related to the boss.
Evaluation of Miscible Gas Injection in Oil Reservoirs by Monitoring the Asphaltenes Concentration – Moreoil (2005)

P11 EVALUATION OF MISCIBLE GAS INJECTION IN OIL RESERVOIRS BY MONITORING THE ASPHALTENES CONCENTRATION - MOREOIL A.K. Stubos 1 T. Aurdal 2 H.P. Hjermstadt 3 J.A. Stensen 4 N. Varotsis 5 P. Adler 6 J. Muller 2 O.P. Bjorlykke 7 S. Puskas 8 1 National Research Center Demokritos 15310 Aghia Paraskevi Greece 2 Institutt for Energiteknikk N-2027 Kjeller Norway 3 DewPoint AS P.O. Box 2 N-1301 Sandvika Norway 4 Statoil Research Center Arkitekt ebbellsvei 10 Rotvoll N-7005 Trondheim Norway 5 Technical University of Crete Mineral Resources Engineering / PVT and Core Analysis Laboratory Akrotiri 73100 Chania Greece 6 Institut de
The effect of short term treatment with alendronate on vertebral density and biochemical markers of bone remodeling in early postmenopausal women. (1993)

The effects of oral alendronate treatment on spinal bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover were assessed in women in the early postmenopausal period. Sixty-five women were treated with placebo or 5, 20, or 40 mg alendronate daily for 6 weeks in a double blind study. Treatment with alendronate decreased both urinary markers of bone resorption (pyridinolines, hydroxyproline, and calcium) and serum markers of bone formation (osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase) in a dose-dependent fashion. This short term treatment with alendronate also produced a dose-dependent increase in lumbar bone mineral density measured 7.5 months after the completion of therapy. Median percent changes in integral spinal bone mineral density, as assessed by dual x-ray absorptiometry, were -2.3, -1.2, +0.7, and +1.2 after treatment with placebo and 5, 20, and 40 mg alendronate, respectively. Treatment with alendronate was well tolerated and produced no fever; gastrointestinal intolerance was no more common than with placebo treatment. Short term alendronate treatment in early postmenopausal women decreased bone turnover and increased vertebral density.
Boid Inclusion Body Disease Is Also a Disease of Wild Boa Constrictors (2022)

Reptarenaviruses cause boid inclusion body disease (BIBD), a potentially fatal disease, occurring in captive constrictor snakes boas and pythons worldwide. Classical BIBD, characterized by the formation of pathognomonic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IBs), occurs mainly in boas, whereas in pythons, for example, reptarenavirus infection most often manifests as central nervous system signs with limited IB formation. The natural hosts of reptarenaviruses are unknown, although free-ranging/wild constrictor snakes are among the suspects. Here, we report BIBD with reptarenavirus infection in indigenous captive and wild boid snakes in Costa Rica using histology, immunohistology, transmission electron microscopy, and next-generation sequencing (NGS). The snakes studied represented diagnostic postmortem cases of captive and wild-caught snakes since 1989. The results from NGS on archival paraffin blocks confirm that reptarenaviruses were already present in wild boa constrictors in Costa Rica in the 1980s. Continuous sequences that were <i>de novo</i> assembled from the low-quality RNA obtained from paraffin-embedded tissue allowed the identification of a distinct pair of reptarenavirus S and L segments in all studied animals; in most cases, reference assembly could recover almost complete segments. Sampling of three prospective cases in 2018 allowed an examination of fresh blood or tissues and resulted in the identification of additional reptarenavirus segments and hartmanivirus coinfection. Our results show that BIBD is not only a disease of captive snakes but also occurs in indigenous wild constrictor snakes in Costa Rica, suggesting boa constrictors to play a role in natural reptarenavirus circulation. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> The literature describes cases of boid inclusion body disease (BIBD) in captive snakes since the 1970s, and in the 2010s, others and ourselves identified reptarenaviruses as the causative agent. BIBD affects captive snakes globally, but the origin and the natural host of reptarenaviruses remain unknown. In this report, we show BIBD and reptarenavirus infections in two native Costa Rican constrictor snake species, and by studying archival samples, we show that both the viruses and the disease have been present in free-ranging/wild snakes in Costa Rica at least since the 1980s. The diagnosis of BIBD in wild boa constrictors suggests that this species plays a role in the circulation of reptarenaviruses. Additional sample collection and analysis would help to clarify this role further and the possibility of, e.g., vector transmission from an arthropod host.
Experimental characterization of ventilation systems in buildings (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExperimental characterization of ventilation systems in buildingsPeter J. Drivas, Peter G. Simmonds, and Fredrick H. ShairCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1972, 6, 7, 609–614Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60066a005https://doi.org/10.1021/es60066a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views268Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phase II trial of high-dose dexamethasone for previously treated immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis (1999)

Immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis (AL) is a rare disorder characterized by production of a monoclonal light chain. This insoluble light chain, or a fragment thereof, deposits in tissues as amyloid and results in disruption of organ function and, ultimately, in death. Although melphalan and prednisone are beneficial in approximately 30% of patients with the disease, many patients fail to respond, and the median survival with this disease remains < 2 years. There is a need for new agents for those patients who fail to respond to melphalan-based chemotherapy. A study was undertaken of high-dose dexamethasone in the treatment of 19 patients with AL because of reports of its benefits in previously untreated patients with amyloidosis and its known activity in the management of multiple myeloma, which has many characteristics in common with AL. In this cohort, 3 of 19 patients showed an objective organ response of the disease. The median survival of the entire group was 11.2 months. We conclude that high-dose dexamethasone therapy is of occasional benefit in patients previously treated for amyloidosis. Combining dexamethasone with other therapies may increase the response rate.
Structural requisites of 2‐(p‐chlorophenoxy)propionic acid analogues for activity on native rat skeletal muscle chloride conductance and on heterologously expressed CLC‐1 (2003)

(1) The 2-(p-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (CPP) modulates in a stereoselective manner the macroscopic chloride conductance (gCl), the electrical parameter sustained by the CLC-1 channel, of skeletal muscle. In order to determine the structural requirements for modulating native gCl and to identify high-affinity ligands, the effects of newly synthesised CPP analogues have been evaluated on gCl of rat EDL muscle fibres by means of the two-microelectrode current-clamp technique. (2) Each type of the following independent modification of CPP structure led to a three- to 10-fold decrease or to a complete lack of gCl-blocking activity: replacement of the electron-attractive chlorine atom of the aromatic ring, substitution of the oxygen atom of the phenoxy group, modification at the chiral centre and substitution of the carboxylic function with a phosphonate one. (3) The analogues bearing a second chlorophenoxy group on the asymmetric carbon atom showed a significant gCl-blocking activity. Similar to racemate CPP, the analogue with this group, spaced by an alkyl chain formed by three methylenic groups, blocked gCl by 45% at 100 micro M. (4) These latter derivatives were tested on heterelogously expressed CLC-1 performing inside-out patch-clamp recordings to further define how interaction between drug and channel protein could take place. Depending on the exact chemical nature of modification, these derivatives strongly blocked CLC-1 with K(D) values at -140 mV ranging from about 4 to 180 micro M. (5) In conclusion, we identified four molecular determinants pivotal for the interaction with the binding site on muscle CLC-1 channels: (a) the carboxylic group that confers the optimal acidity and the negative charge; (b) the chlorophenoxy moiety that might interact with a hydrophobic pocket; (c) the chiral centre that allows the proper spatial disposition of the molecule; (d) an additional phenoxy group that remarkably stabilises the binding by interacting with a second hydrophobic pocket.
Scene-based Audio Implemented with Higher Order Ambisonics (2016)

Scene-based audio uses a sound-field technology called “higher-order ambisonics” (HOA) to create holistic descriptions of both live-captured and artistically created sound scenes that are independent of specific loudspeaker layouts. For efficient representation, the audio can be carried as a set of PCM channels that contain predominant sounds and ambience in separate tracks. Standard audio bandwidth-compression techniques can then be applied to the PCM channels. This approach is in contrast to conventional channel-based sound representations in which one signal is used for each loudspeaker of a target reproduction system, with the implication that upmixing or downmixing is required when loudspeaker configurations other than the intended one are used for actual reproduction. This paper examines how, with scene-based audio, there can be satisfactory reproduction of immersive sound at bitrates corresponding to the equivalent of only six channels, whereas an alternative sound-field method that exclusively employs audio objects typically involves much higher bitrates.
Ultrafast Magnetic Recording With Terahertz Light (2019)

We report on the first demonstration of ultrafast magnetization switching of a spin-ordered material using single-cycle, intense THz pulses at a central frequency of 2 THz.
Generation of a 1-ferracyclobutene from thermal and photolytic induced rearrangement of .alpha.-ethoxycyclopropyl .sigma. complexes of iron (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneration of a 1-ferracyclobutene from thermal and photolytic induced rearrangement of .alpha.-ethoxycyclopropyl .sigma. complexes of ironNicholas J. Conti and W. M. JonesCite this: Organometallics 1988, 7, 7, 1666–1669Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00097a038https://doi.org/10.1021/om00097a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neuromotor Changes in Alzheimer's Disease: Implications for Patient Care (1997)

As a result of the neuropathologic process of Alzheimer's disease (AD), significant changes occur in neuromotor function (e.g., paratonia and compulsive grasping). These changes become manifest in the moderately severe stage of AD, when patients begin to require ongoing assistance with activities of daily life (ADL), and they are prominent in the severe stage of AD, when patients are continuously dependent on a caregiver. Patients in these stages often display behavioral disturbances during care activities. These disturbing behaviors result not only from cognitive impairment, but also from a patient's physical inability to cooperate with the caregiver. When care management strategies take into account the characteristic physical restrictions resulting from the neuromotor changes that accompany advanced AD, the caregiving process may be significantly facilitated.
Preparation and characterisation of flame retardant encapsulated with functionalised silica-based shell (2018)

Intumescent fire retardant (IFR) coatings are nowadays considered as the most effective flame retardant (FR) treatment. Nevertheless, the principal compound in an IFR system, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), is highly sensitive to moisture and IFR coating effectiveness decreases quickly. The main objective of this study is to encapsulate APP in a hybrid silica-based membrane by sol-gel process using alkoxysilane tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) precursor. The morphology and structure of APP and microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP) were assessed by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed that APP was well encapsulated inside the polysiloxane shells. The thermal degradation of APP and MAPP was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis. At 800 °C, the MAPP had higher char residue (70.49 wt%) than APP (3.06 wt%). The hydrophobicity of MAPP increased significantly with the water contact angles up to 98°, in comparison to 20° for APP.
Exploration of an indoor-environment by an autonomous mobile robot (2002)

This paper describes the exploration component of MOBOT-IV, an autonomous mobile robot for indoor-applications. MOBOT-IV has no preloaded world-model, but builds up an internal map while exploring the environment using its optical range finder. A method is presented for the autonomous and systematic construction of a 2D-map of the vehicles environment. Besides a line based geometric representation of the obstacles a topological abstraction of the robots environment is generated representing the room structure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The effects of amine/nitro/hydroxyl groups on the benzene rings of redox additives on the electrochemical performance of carbon-based supercapacitors (2016)

In this work, a series of porous carbon materials with hierarchical porosities have been synthesized via a template carbonization method, in which cheap CaCO3 serves as a template and glucose as a carbon precursor. During the carbonization process, CO2 produced by the decomposition of the CaCO3 template can act as an internal activating agent, significantly improving microporosity and mesoporosity. All the carbon materials obtained by regulating the ratio of glucose to CaCO3 exhibit the amorphous features with a low graphitization degree. Among them, the carbon-1 : 2 sample shows a high BET surface area of up to 818.5 m(2) g(-1) and a large total pore volume of 1.78 cm(3) g(-1) as well as a specific capacitance of 107.0 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1). In addition, a series of hydroquinone (HQ), p-aminophenol (PAP) and p-nitrophenol (PNP) as novel redox additives that can produce pseudo-capacitances have been added into the KOH electrolyte for promoting the total capacitive performances via redox reactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface. As expected, a 2.5-fold increase in the galvanostatic capacitance of 240.0 F g(-1) in the HQ-0.5 electrolyte occurs, compared with the conventional KOH electrolyte. Similarly, the PAP-0.5 electrolyte and the PNP-0.5 electrolyte also show a high specific capacitance of 184.0 F g(-1) at 2 A g(-1) (156.6 F g(-1) at 3 A g(-1)) and 153.0 F g(-1) at 3 A g(-1), respectively. Additionally, the three kinds of electrolytes exhibit excellent cyclic stability. The remarkable improvement of supercapacitors is attributed to the quick reversible Faradaic reactions of amine and hydroxyl groups adhering to the phenyl rings, which largely accelerates electron migration and brings additional pseudocapacitive contribution for carbon-based supercapacitors.
A tissue-mimetic nano-fibrillar hybrid injectable hydrogel for potential soft tissue engineering applications (2018)

While collagen type I (Col-I) is commonly used as a structural component of biomaterials, collagen type III (Col-III), another fibril forming collagen ubiquitous in many soft tissues, has not previously been used. In the present study, the novel concept of an injectable hydrogel with semi-interpenetrating polymeric networks of heterotypic collagen fibrils, with tissue-specific Col-III to Col-I ratios, in a glycol-chitosan matrix was investigated. Col-III was introduced as a component of the novel hydrogel, inspired by its co-presence with Col-I in many soft tissues, its influence on the Col-I fibrillogenesis in terms of diameter and mechanics, and its established role in regulating scar formation. The hydrogel has a nano-fibrillar porous structure, and is mechanically stable under continuous dynamic stimulation. It was found to provide a longer half-life of about 35 days than similar hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels, and to support cell implantation in terms of viability, metabolic activity, adhesion and migration. The specific case of pure Col-III fibrils in a glycol-chitosan matrix was investigated. The proposed hydrogels meet many essential requirements for soft tissue engineering applications, particularly for mechanically challenged tissues such as vocal folds and heart valves.