gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dance of the Flying Machines: Methods for Designing and Executing an Aerial Dance Choreography (2013)

Imagine a troupe of dancers flying together across a big open stage, their movement choreographed to the rhythm of the music. Their performance is both coordinated and skilled; the dancers are well rehearsed, and the choreography well suited to their abilities. They are no ordinary dancers, however, and this is not an ordinary stage. The performers are quadrocopters, and the stage is the ETH Zurich Flying Machine Arena, a state-of-the-art mobile testbed for aerial motion control research (Figure 1).
An optical interconnection technology for multilayer printed circuit boards (2002)

In order to make full use of next generation microprocessors operating with clock speeds of more than 1 GHz there is a great need for high-bandwidth off-chip interconnects. Electrical interconnects on conventional printed circuit boards which are characterized by a limited bandwidth and emission of and sensibility to electromagnetic radiation cannot provide the required performance. To overcome this bottleneck, optical interconnects can be used for realizing high-bandwidth and high-performance information channels within and between systems. Moreover, they are totally insensible to electromagnetic noise and of course they do not radiate themselves. After introducing the main technologies for realizing electrical-optical circuit printed circuit boards, the design process with its modeling and simulation tasks is addressed.
Diversity, Epidemiology, and Genetics of Class D β-Lactamases (2009)

Class D beta-lactamase-mediated resistance to beta-lactams has been increasingly reported during the last decade. Those enzymes also known as oxacillinases or OXAs are widely distributed among Gram negatives. Genes encoding class D beta-lactamases are known to be intrinsic in many Gram-negative rods, including Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but play a minor role in natural resistance phenotypes. The OXAs (ca. 150 variants reported so far) are characterized by an important genetic diversity and a great heterogeneity in terms of beta-lactam hydrolysis spectrum. The acquired OXAs possess either a narrow spectrum or an expanded spectrum of hydrolysis, including carbapenems in several instances. Acquired class D beta-lactamase genes are mostly associated to class 1 integron or to insertion sequences.
Proof of concept that most borderline Quantiferon results are true antigen-specific responses (2017)

Interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) such as Quantiferon (QFT) that detect T-cell responses to antigens specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) have superior specificity to the tuberculin skin test (TST). While IGRAs are technically robust and the test result is a simple positive or negative, the interpretation nevertheless requires thorough understanding of the test's characteristics [1]. An area of debate is that of “borderline” results near the cut-off value, mentioned first in the setting of serial screening of health care workers [2]. While different authors used different ranges of test results under this denominator, borderline results were generally attributed to random assay variability [3, 4]. In reproducibility studies, conversions and reversions were often seen around the manufacturer-recommended cut-off, with the advice to “interpret such results cautiously” [5, 6]. Most borderline Quantiferon results are antigen-specific responses, defying the common assumption of random variation <http://ow.ly/9a0X30fQBCO> The authors thank Robert van de Peppel at Dept of Infectious Diseases for the random selection among patients with a low negative or high positive QFT result, and Marita Danhof-Pont from the Dept of Health, Safety and the Environment for assistance with data collection at the OHS.
Circular Dichroism Study of Membrane Dynamics Focused on Effect of Monosialogangliosides1 (1988)

Monosialogangliosides (GM) purified from bovine brain were incorporated into circular dichroism (CD)-active liposomes and the effects of GM on the membrane dynamics were studied by CD spectroscopy. In the presence of 7 mol% of GM, the phase transition temperature (Tc) of the membrane increased by ca. 10 degrees C compared with the membrane without GM and characteristic CD spectra were observed for CD-active liposomes incorporating GM at low temperature. Asialogangliosides had no effect on the CD spectra or Tc. We have also studied the role of GM in reducing leakage of [3H]sucrose from liposomes composed of egg phosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoyl phosphatidic acid, cholesterol and alpha-tocopherol with a molar ratio of 4 : 1 : 5 : 0.1 in the presence of human plasma at 25 degrees C. The half-life of [3H]-sucrose leakage was 173 h for liposomes incorporating 7 mol% of GM. On the other hand, the half-lives for liposomes incorporating 7 mol% of asialogangliosides and liposomes without glycolipids were 45 and 42 h, respectively. These results indicate that sialic acid on the membrane surface contributes to the increase of Tc, to the change of the aggregation state of phospholipids and to the stabilization of liposomes in plasma.
Beyond tamoxifen: the retinoid X receptor-selective ligand LGD1069 (TARGRETIN) causes complete regression of mammary carcinoma. (1998)

Recently, we reported that LGD1069, a high-affinity ligand for the retinoid X receptors (RXRs), was shown to have an efficacy equivalent to that of tamoxifen (TAM) as a chemopreventive agent in the N-nitroso-N-methylurea-induced rat mammary carcinoma model. Furthermore, LGD1069 was very well tolerated during 13 weeks of chronic therapy with no classic signs of "retinoid-associated" toxicities. Due to the high efficacy and benign profile of this RXR agonist as a suppressor of carcinogenesis, we examined its role as a therapeutic agent on established mammary carcinomas. In the rat mammary carcinoma model, N-nitroso-N-methylurea was used to induce tumors, and the tumors were allowed to grow to an established size prior to initiation of treatment. LGD1069-treated animals showed complete regression in 72% of treated tumors and had a reduced tumor load compared to control. In addition, the combination of LGD1069 and TAM showed increased efficacy over either agent alone. Histopathological analysis showed a reduction of LGD1069-treated tumor malignancy, an increase in differentiation, and a sharp decrease in cellular proliferation compared to vehicle-treated control tumors. These data demonstrate that the RXR-selective ligand LGD1069 is a highly efficacious therapeutic agent for mammary carcinoma and enhances the activity of TAM.
Shared memory programming for large scale machines (2006)

This paper describes the design and implementation of a scalable run-time system and an optimizing compiler for Unified Parallel C (UPC). An experimental evaluation on BlueGene/L®, a distributed-memory machine, demonstrates that the combination of the compiler with the runtime system produces programs with performance comparable to that of efficient MPI programs and good performance scalability up to hundreds of thousands of processors.Our runtime system design solves the problem of maintaining shared object consistency efficiently in a distributed memory machine. Our compiler infrastructure simplifies the code generated for parallel loops in UPC through the elimination of affinity tests, eliminates several levels of indirection for accesses to segments of shared arrays that the compiler can prove to be local, and implements remote update operations through a lower-cost asynchronous message. The performance evaluation uses three well-known benchmarks --- HPC RandomAccess, HPC STREAM and NAS CG --- to obtain scaling and absolute performance numbers for these benchmarks on up to 131072 processors, the full BlueGene/L machine. These results were used to win the HPC Challenge Competition at SC05 in Seattle WA, demonstrating that PGAS languages support both productivity and performance.
Involvement of Ethylene in Phytochrome-mediated Carotenoid Synthesis (1972)

Accumulation of carotenoid pigments in the shoot apex of etiolated pea (Pisum sativum cv. Alaska) seedlings is completely prevented by ethylene. Under certain conditions carotenoid synthesis is normally controlled by endogenously produced ethylene. The gas completely inhibits carotenoid synthesis induced either by continuous white light or brief illumination with red light, but only partially inhibits light-induced chlorophyll formation. Far red illumination followed by red illumination reverses the action of red light on carotenoid synthesis. Red light-induced carotenogenesis is partly or wholly caused by phytochrome-mediated inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis.
Nucleotides Part LXX (2002)

The chemical syntheses of nuclease-resistant, nontoxic bioactive (2′-5′)agonists, 3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′→5′)-3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′→5′)-3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′→2″)-9-[(2″-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]adenine (d3A-d3A-d3A-etherA; 36), 1-benzyl-3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′→5′)-3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′→5′)-3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′→2″)-9-[2″-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]adenine (N1-benzyl-d3A-d3A-d3A-etherA; 37), N6-benzyl-3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′→5′)-3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′→5′)-3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′→2″)-9-[(2″-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]adenine (N6-benzyl-d3A-d3A-d3A-etherA; 38), N6-benzyladenylyl-(2′→5′)-adenylyl-(2′→5′)-adenylyl-(2′→2″)-9-[(2″-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]adenine (N6-benzyl-A-A-A-etherA; 39), as well as the biological activities of 37, 38, and already synthesized and published adenylyl-(2′→5′)-adenylyl-(2′→5′)-adenylyl-(2′→2″)-9-[(2″-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]adenine (A-A-A-etherA; 40), are described. The above (2′-5′)A derivatives 37–40 inhibit HIV-1 replication as measured by inhibition of syncytia formation, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity, or HIV-1 p24-antigen expression, with no evidence of cytotoxicity. Oligonucleotides 37, 38, and 40 were taken up intact into T cells in culture of cytoplasmic concentrations sufficient to activate the latent endoribonuclease, RNase L. N6-Benzyl-d3A-d3A-d3A-etherA (38) also exerts immunostimulatory effects by increasing expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and, thereby, competing with HIV-1 for binding to a critical HIV-coreceptor.
Controlled three-dimensional polystyrene nano- and micro-structures fabricated by three-dimensional electrospinning (2018)

The combination of electrospinning with 3D printing technology opens new pathways for nano- and microfabrication, which can be applied in a wide range of application. This simple and inexpensive method was proven to fabricate 3D fibrous polystyrene structures with controlled morphology and micro to nano-fibre diameter. The controllable movement of the nozzle allows precise positioning of the deposition area of the fibres during electrospinning. A programmed circular nozzle pattern results in the formation of 3D polystyrene cylinder shapes with fibre diameters down to 560 nm. The assembly of the fibrous structures starts instantaneously, and a 4 cm tall and 5 cm wide sample can be produced within a 10-minute electrospinning process. The product exhibits high stability at ambient conditions. The shape, size, and thickness of fibrous polystyrene structures can be easily controlled by tuning the process parameters. It is assumed that the build-up of 3D fibrous polystyrene structure strongly depends on charge induction and polarization of the electrospun fibres.
Purification and partial characterization of a soluble elastin-like protein from copper-deficient procine aorta (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPurification and partial characterization of a soluble elastin-like protein from copper-deficient procine aortaLawrence B. Sandberg, Norman Weissman, and Don Wilder SmithCite this: Biochemistry 1969, 8, 7, 2940–2945Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00835a037https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00835a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views294Altmetric-Citations199LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reactivation of the cellulose acetate gel bead column used for the removal of limonin from citrus juices (1981)

Abstract Simple water washes reactivated a cellulose acetate gel bead column after its use to remove the bitter principle limonin from citrus juices on a pilot‐plant scale, preferably after the passage of 10 bed volumes (BV) of juice. Initially, washes with water equal in volume to the treated juice were effective because they removed inhibitors of limonin adsorption but the column would eventually become poisoned. A regime was established for long term operation of the column from the results of monitoring the limonin content and chemical oxygen demand of the wash waters. These results could be fitted to standard mathematical equations for extraction processes and these equations were used, in conjunction with previously developed equations for the adsorption of limonin from citrus juices, to calculate the conditions for the steady‐state operation of the column. A three‐column unit is suggested as a suitable basis for the adsorptive treatment of juice within a continuous processing line. Ten BV of juice would be passed through two of the columns in series at 2.5 BV h −1 reducing the limonin content by about 50‐70% while the third column was being reactivated by the passage of 16 BV of warm water at 3.8 BV. After 4 h −1 , the first of the two linked columns would be reactivated and the second would become the first of the new pair of linked columns with the newly reactivated column as the second component.
Direct Comparison of GAPDH, β-Actin, Cyclophilin, and 28S rRNA as Internal Standards for Quantifying RNA Levels under Hypoxia (1999)

The appropriate choice of an internal standard is critical for quantitative RNA analyses. As housekeeping genes, GAPDH, beta-actin, cyclophilin, and 28S rRNA are commonly employed as RNA internal standards with the assumption that their expression levels remain relatively constant in different experimental conditions. We tested this assumption under hypoxia (1% O2, 24 hours) compared to normoxia (20% O2, 24 hours) and compared RNA levels of these 4 housekeeping genes head to head using ribonuclease protection assays. Four biologically diverse cell lines with respect to clonal origin, neoplastic transformation, and growth rates were used in the comparison. Expression levels of 28S rRNA were constant, independent of O2 tension, but levels of GAPDH, beta-actin, and cyclophilin varied widely with hypoxia. In particular, GAPDH mRNA expression was increased by 21.2-75.1% under hypoxic conditions. Increased GAPDH transcription in hypoxia was correlated in the cancer cell lines with upregulation of the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1alpha protein levels in identical experimental conditions. These results suggest that 28S rRNA is a reliable internal control for comparative analyses of transcription under hypoxia; GAPDH appears particularly unfavorable for this purpose either in hypoxia or other experimental conditions that upregulate HIF-1alpha.
Thrombus Burden Is Associated With Clinical Outcome After Intra-Arterial Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (2008)

High thrombus grade as measured by the modified Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction criteria may be a risk factor that contributes to poor clinical outcome.
Recording simulations on graded media for area densities of up to 1Tbit∕in.2 (2007)

We report recording simulations on graded media with area densities of 1Tbit∕in.2. The media are composed of a nucleation layer exchange coupled to a hard magnetic storage layer. The nucleation layer has an anisotropy K(z) that gradually varies in order to adjust the domain wall propagation field to the write field. Bits were written with a bit length of 12nm and a track width of 53nm on graded media with total thickness of 21nm and maximum anisotropy of 1MJ∕m3. The computed values for transition jitter are around 0.65nm, depending on the intergrain exchange.
Eco-designed Conformable Inorganic Electronics to Improve the End of Life of Smart Objects: Sensor Processing and Applications (2020)

We developing technologies that aim to add flexible electronics onto objects, researcher have to take into consideration environmental issues such as plastic pollution. Faced with this challenge, the development of technologies that comply with current standards such as WEEE (waste electric and electronic equipment) legislation is crucial. Green electronics based on fully biodegradable materials are under development but need time to be put on the market. Meanwhile, inorganic electronics remain a good candidate. Consequently, it makes sense to transfer inorganic electronics onto objects that can be dismantled and recovered. Here, an eco-designed technology allowing the transfer of electronics onto objects is detailed. Silicon-based devices are transferred from polyimide substrate (PI) to water-soluble substrate (PVA, poly(vinyl alcohol)). It is highlighted that the transfer of inorganic layers from PI to PVA substrate does not have a negative impact on the device’s mechanical and electrical characteristics. To demonstrate such a concept, we have transferred strain gauges and temperature sensors onto daily life objects and achieved the same performance as sensors fabricated onto polyimide substrate. Moreover, materials transferred onto the object using PVA substrate can be dismantled and recovered at the end of object’s life, highlighting that hydrosoluble substrate is a good candidate for eco-designed technology.
Catenated (Bi)n(n=2, 3, 4) Complexes with Formally Monovalent Bismuth Centres (2022)

Abstract The reduction of Bi(III) and Bi(II) compounds supported by the NON R ‐ligand (NON R =[O(SiMe 2 NR) 2 ] 2− ; R=Dipp=2,6‐ i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 , t Bu) afforded species in which the metal was present in a range of formal oxidation‐states. Cyclic voltammetry performed on the Bi(II) radical [Bi(NON Dipp )]⋅ indicated that the Bi(I) oxidation state was accessible, although the lifetime of the resultant species was short. Preparative scale reactions of Bi(NON Dipp )Cl and excess LiBEt 3 H afforded the tetrametallic cluster Bi 4 (NON Dipp ) 2 , in which the bismuth atoms form a [1,2]‐edge missing tetrahedron. Reduction of the dibismuthane [Bi(NON t Bu )] 2 with potassium in the presence of [2.2.2]‐cryptand generated a tribismuthinide salt containing the [{Bi(NON t Bu )} 2 ( μ ‐Bi)] − anion and a non‐coordinating [K([2.2.2]‐crypt)] + cation. Reduction of isolated [Bi(NON Dipp )]⋅ with the Mg(I) reagent [Mg(BDI Dipp )] 2 (BDI Dipp =[HC{C(Me)NDipp} 2 ] − ) formed the dibismuthene [Bi( μ ‐NON Dipp )Mg(BDI Dipp )(THF)] 2 , with a crystallographically verified Bi=Bi multiple bond.
Impact of Mechanical Downsizing on the Physical Structure and Enzymatic Digestibility of Pretreated Hardwood (2014)

When pretreating woody biomass for the production of cellulosic ethanol, a mechanical downsizing step is commonly included to ensure an appropriate particle size for enzyme hydrolysis. Different methods of mechanical downsizing will result in wood particles with markedly different physical structures. Dry grinding methods, such as knife-milling, will produce a powder-like substrate, which consists of cut or truncated fiber bundles. The substrate will also have a reduced pore volume because of the required drying. Using a disc-refiner, wet wood chips are separated into single wood fibers and loosened fiber bundles, increasing available surface area and avoiding pore collapse because of drying. The following study compared knife-milled and disc-refined substrates produced from native and dilute-acid-pretreated wood chips to determine the impact of the mechanical-downsizing method on the enzyme digestibility and physical characteristics of a hardwood substrate. For dilute-acid-pretreated aspen, disc-refining produced a substrate that was 58–80% digestible, while knife-milling produced a substrate that was 24–36% digestible. The difference in substrate digestibility was partially attributed to hornification during the drying step and also attributed to differences in physical structure because of the downsizing method. Analysis via microscopy indicated that disc-refined substrates had a greater length, smaller width, and greater fibrillation then the knife-milled substrates. The disc-refined substrates also had a more exposed cellulose surface and a greater volume of accessible pores.
Giant magnetoresistance of magnetically soft sandwiches: Dependence on temperature and on layer thicknesses (1992)

We present comprehensive results on the magnetoresistive properties of spin-valve sandwiches comprising glass/M(1)/Cu/${\mathrm{Ni}}_{80}$${\mathrm{Fe}}_{20}$/${\mathrm{Fe}}_{50}$${\mathrm{Mn}}_{50}$/Cu, where M(1) is a ferromagnetic transition metal or alloy (Co,Ni,${\mathrm{Ni}}_{80}$${\mathrm{Fe}}_{20}$). We discuss the thermal variation of the magnetoresistance (\ensuremath{\Delta}R/R) and its dependence on the thicknesses of the layers constituting the active part of the spin-value sandwich [i.e., M(1)/Cu/NiFe]. An almost linear decrease of \ensuremath{\Delta}R/R is observed between 77 and 320 K. For a given ferromagnetic material, \ensuremath{\Delta}R/R extrapolates to zero at a temperature ${\mathit{T}}_{0\mathrm{S}\mathrm{V}}$ significantly lower than the Curie temperature, and independent of the ferromagnetic layer thickness. We have identified spin-\ensuremath{\uparrow} and spin-\ensuremath{\downarrow} intermixing by spin-wave scattering as responsible for the thermal decrease of the magnetoresistance. We show that the magnetoresistance arises within the ``active'' parts of the ferromagnetic layers of thickness of about 90 \AA{} located next to the M/Cu interfaces. We give a phenomenological expression relating \ensuremath{\Delta}R/R to the longer of the two spin-dependent mean free paths, and to current shunting in the inactive part of the sandwich. The thickness of the active region is independent of temperature.