gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transparent Ga2O3 Photodetectors for Harsh Optoelectronics (2014)

We fabricate fully transparent solar-blind DUV PD devices employing β-Ga 2 O 3 as an active layer and indium zinc oxide (IZO) as the transparent electrodes, exhibiting the average transmittance up to 80% from visible to near IR wavelength region without image blurring. The β-Ga 2 O 3 MSM PDs for the use in harsh environments show a very low dark current (~1 nA), no sign of breakdown even at a bias higher than 200 V, excellent thermal stability, and intrinsic solar blindness. The dark current of β-Ga 2 O 3 MSM PDs under significantly different oxygen concentration in the ambiences is similar, indicating that the high inertness to surface effect due to superior crystallinity nature of β-Ga 2 O 3 . The working temperature is up to 700 K and the responsivity is 0.32 mA/W at 10 V bias under 185-nm illumination. β-Ga 2 O 3 PDs can be fully recovered after 700-K operation, showing excellent thermal reliability and robustness. The intriguing optoelectronic and electrical properties of β-Ga 2 O 3 promise a new generation of stable, solar-blind DUV PDs for the extremely harsh electronic applications, such as sensing, imaging, and intrachip optical interconnects in high-temperature environments.
De l'emploi du chlorure d'éthyle comme anesthésique général sur le champ de bataille (1902)

Le Dr Wiesner, médecin de régiment en Autriche, se basant sur plus de 400 observations d'anesthésies au chlorure d'éthyle, conclut à l'utilité qu'il y aurait à adopter ce produit dans les services de santé en campagne.
Scheduling With Age of Information Guarantee (2022)

Age of Information (AoI) is an application layer performance metric that quantifies the freshness of information. This paper investigates scheduling problems at network edge when there is an AoI requirement for each source node, which we call Maximum AoI Threshold (MAT). Specifically, we want to determine whether or not a vector of MATs corresponding to the source nodes is schedulable, and if so, find a feasible scheduler for it. For a small network, we present an optimal procedure called <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Cyclic Scheduler Detection</i> (CSD) that can determine the schedulability with absolute certainty. For a large network where CSD is not applicable, we present a novel low-complexity procedure, called <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Fictitious Polynomial Mapping</i> (FPM), and prove that FPM can find a feasible scheduler for any MAT vector when the load is under <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ln 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . We use extensive numerical results to validate our theoretical results and show that the performance of FPM is significantly better than a state-of-the-art scheduling algorithm.
High-pressure structural studies of pharmaceutical materials (2008)

Sessions 0 2 1 for biological compounds, such as sugars and polysaccharides. The molecule of EG is a triple rotor about the O-C, C-C and C-O bonds. Following the common assumption that each of the rotors can assume 3 positions, the molecule can exist as 3 3 =27 conformers of which 10 are unique [1]. We have looked at the crystal structures of EG frozen at varied thermodynamical conditions. This study also pertains to a basic problem of the relation between the conformational preferences of isolated molecules and their conformation adopted in the crystalline state [2]. Till now one EG structure crystallized by temperature freezing was determined at 130 K: crystal was orthorhombic, in P212121 (phase I) with Z'=1 [3]. Two new crystal phases of EG have been obtained by in-situ pressure-freezing in a Merrill-Bassett DAC [4]. These new crystal structures were solved straightforwardly by direct methods in space group P21 at 1.2 and 2.0 GPa (phase II), and in space group Pbcn at 2.2 GPa (phase III).
Bootstrap Surface Charging at GEO: Modeling and On-Orbit Observations From the DSCS-III B7 Satellite (2007)

We present an analysis of the charging interactivity between surrounding surface materials aboard a spacecraft at geosynchronous altitudes. In particular, bootstrap charging of a small surface may occur if is surrounded by a large negatively charged surface. Here, a negative potential barrier forms above the small surface, resulting in suppression of photo- and secondary electron emission from that surface. Additionally, the small surface experiences an enhancement of the collection of the photo- and secondary electrons emitted from the surrounding surface. This mechanism results in the charging of the small surface to higher levels than that of the patch in isolation, and in many cases the final potential will reach that of the potential of the larger surrounding surface. With this study we examine bootstrap charging behavior with model data and with data collected on orbit. We have modeled the DSCS-III B7 geosynchronous satellite with realistic geometry and spacecraft materials. Additionally, a previous study has shown that bootstrap charging has been observed on the DSCS-III B7 geosynchronous spacecraft. Both Astroquartz and Kapton cloth patches charged up to the frame potential of the satellite during periods of severe frame charging. The results of modeling bootstrap charging of a small Kapton patch floating relative to the DSCS-III frame fixed at a potential of -1,000 V show that the patch will indeed charge up negatively to match the frame potential, with the temporal increase in negative potential following an exponential time characteristic.
Electroluminescent Polyelectrolyte−Surfactant Complexes (2001)

Polyelectrolyte complexes of poly(1,4-phenyleneethynylene carboxylate) (PPE) with 10 different cationic counterions were prepared. The counterions differed in their amphiphilicity, their headgroups (ammonium, pyridinium and sulfonium), and their alkyl chain lengths. It is shown that the optical properties of the PPE complexes depend on the nature of their counterions: The peak wavelength of the electroluminescence shifts from 430 to 515 nm for single-layer light-emitting diodes (LEDs) when the counterions were changed from tetraethylammonium to sulfonium ions. All the PPE complexes with amphiphile counterions displayed ordered mesophases. They are smectic A or smectic B-like in the solid state at room temperature with long periods of 2.38−4.27 nm. By contrast, no mesomorphous structures were found for the PPE complexes with nonamphiphilic counterions. All complexes were investigated by using differential thermal analysis, small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques, and fluorescence spectroscopy.
Minimally Invasive Aortic Valve Surgery in the Elderly: A Case-Control Study (2003)

Minimally invasive aortic valve surgery is safe in elderly patients, with morbidity and mortality comparable to sternotomy approach. The shorter hospital stay and greater percentage of patients discharged home after MIAVR reflect enhanced recovery with this technique.
Aligned Cluster Analysis for temporal segmentation of human motion (2008)

Temporal segmentation of human motion into actions is a crucial step for understanding and building computational models of human motion. Several issues contribute to the challenge of this task. These include the large variability in the temporal scale and periodicity of human actions, as well as the exponential nature of all possible movement combinations. We formulate the temporal segmentation problem as an extension of standard clustering algorithms. In particular, this paper proposes aligned cluster analysis (ACA), a robust method to temporally segment streams of motion capture data into actions. ACA extends standard kernel k-means clustering in two ways: (1) the cluster means contain a variable number of features, and (2) a dynamic time warping (DTW) kernel is used to achieve temporal invariance. Experimental results, reported on synthetic data and the Carnegie Mellon Motion Capture database, demonstrate its effectiveness.
On the efficiency of formal synthesis-experimental results (1999)

Formal synthesis has become an interesting alternative to postsynthesis verification. Formal synthesis means integrating formal validation within the synthesis process by performing synthesis via rule applications. The practical applicability of formal synthesis very much depends on the efficiency of the underlying rules. This paper gives a case study about the complexity of formal synthesis programs. Experiments with two realistic-sized benchmark circuits were performed using the formal synthesis system HASH. HASH provides means for representing and transforming circuits in a secure and logically sound manner. Furthermore, arbitrary synthesis procedures can be invoked to achieve high quality of designs. In this paper, the implementation of a formal scheduling step is used to illustrate efficiency considerations related to formal synthesis.
Dispersion compensation using single-material fibers (1999)

The properties of photonic crystal fibers with large air holes can be modeled by a silica rod in air. Such approximate calculations show that the dispersion of photonic crystal fibers could exceed -2000 ps/mm/km, or they could compensate (to within /spl plusmn/0.2%) the dispersion of 35 times their length of standard fiber over a 100-nm range.
An Anti-Tissue Factor Monoclonal Antibody which Inhibits TF Vlla Complex Is a Potent Anticoagulant in Plasma (1991)

Summary Tissue factor (TF) functions as the receptor and cofactor for factor VIIa (VIIa) to form a proteolytically active TFVIIa complex on cell surfaces. We here demonstrate that most MAbs against human TF were poor inhibitors of TF function in plasma and that they inhibited preformed TF-VIIa complex at a slow rate which was dependent on dissociation of VIIa from the cell surface TF. An exception was defined by one MAb (TF8-5G9) which was an effective immediate anticoagulant in plasma. Binding of TF8-5G9 to TF-VIIa inhibited catalytic function prior to dissociation of the TF-VIIa complex. This analysis thus establishes two distinct mechanisms by which MAbs interfere with TF function. The MAb TF8-5G9 introduces a therapeutic principle for rapid arrest of inappropriate triggering of coagulation by TF as well as the TF-VIIa complex in vivo.
Straighforward solvent-free heterogeneous palladium-catalyzed synthesis of arylamines from nonaromatic substrates by dehydrogenative alkylation. (2013)

International audience
I'm guilty and I need to talk about it (2019)

Examination of guilt-proneness and disclosure regarding personal transgressions
S-band MMIC digital attenuator with small phase variation (2003)

This paper describes MMIC digital attenuator with small phase variation in S-band. The five-bit digital attenuator employing SPDT switched circuits has obtained excellent performance. It has been shown that a minimum attenuation of 7.05 dB, r.m.s. amplitude error of 0.09 dB, and r.m.s. phase variation of 1.38 degrees were obtained.
Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos: A Systematic Pharmacology Review (2015)

Lonicerae japonicae flos, a widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been used for several thousand years in China. Chinese Pharmacopeia once included Lonicerae japonicae flos of Caprifoliaceae family and plants of the same species named Lonicerae flos in general in the same group. Chinese Pharmacopeia (2005 Edition) lists Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos under different categories, although they have the similar history of efficacy. In this study, we research ancient books of TCM, 4 main databases of Chinese academic journals, and MEDLINE/PubMed to verify the origins and effects of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos in traditional medicine and systematically summarized the research data in light of modern pharmacology and toxicology. Our results show that Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos are similar pharmacologically, but they also differ significantly in certain aspects. A comprehensive systematic review and a standard comparative pharmacological study of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos as well as other species of Lonicerae flos support their clinical safety and application. Our study provides evidence supporting separate listing of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos in Chinese Pharmacopeia as well as references for revision of relevant pharmacopeial records dealing with traditional efficacy of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos.
Abstract 177: Exosomal Micrornas From Ischemic Cerebral Endothelial Cells and Neural Stem Cells Regulate Coupling of Neurogenesis and Angiogenesis (2018)

Introduction: Molecular mechanisms underlying coupling of angiogenesis and neurogenesis remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that exosomes mediate coupling of stroke-induced angiogenesis and neurogenesis by transferring exosomal cargo miRNAs between ischemic cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) and neural stem cells (NSCs). Methods and Results: Cell-type specific e xosomes were purified from conditional media of cultured CECs and NSCs harvested from non-ischemic and ischemic rats, respectively. Exosome markers and size distribution were verified with Western blot and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Using an advanced Cre-Loxp system, we found CEC-exosomes carrying Cre recombinase were taken up by recipient NSCs to induce genome recombination. We then tested if exosomal miRNAs mediated cell-to-cell interplay. First, using miRNA array, we identified that miR-146a and miR-125a were the most upregulated miRNAs in ischemic CECs-exosomes. Incubation of non-ischemic NSCs with ischemic CECs-exosomes substantially increased these two miRNA levels in recipient NSCs, which led to downregulation of their target genes, IRAK1, TRAF6 as well as BAK1 and KLF13, consequently leading to an increase in Tuj1 + and NG2 + cells (p&lt;0.05). These data suggest that CEC-exosomes transfer miRNAs to NSCs and thereby promote neuronal differentiation. Moreover, stroke increased miR-106b and miR-125b in NSCs-exosomes. Incubation of non-ischemic CECs with ischemic NSC-exosomes elevated both miRNAs in CECs, which resulted in a significant increase in capillary tube formation, suggesting that ischemic NSC-exosomes promote angiogenesis. The effect of ischemic CEC-exosomes and ischemic NSC-exosomes on differentiation of NCSs and CECs, respectively, is specific, because ischemic CEC- and NSC-exosomes derived from cells with knockdown of Rab27, a protein that regulates miRNA sorting into exosomes, completely abolished elevation of listed miRNAs in recipient cells. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that exosomes derived from ischemic CECs and NSCs mediate NSC and CEC function, respectively, by transferring their cargo miRNAs, suggesting that these exosomes can be used as a therapy for amplifying angiogenesis and neurogenesis in ischemic brain.
Progressive multiple sclerosis exhibits decreasing glutamate and glutamine over two years (2015)

The high rates of change of both glutamate and glutamine over two years suggest they are promising new biomarkers of MS disease progression.
Short-range order of compressed amorphous GeSe2 (2015)

The structure of amorphous GeSe2 (a-GeSe2) has been studied by means of a combination of two-edges X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction under pressures up to about 30 GPa. Multiple-edge XAS data-analysis of a-GeSe2 at ambient conditions allowed us to reconstruct and compare the first-neighbor distribution function with previous results obtained by neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution. GeSe2 is found to remain amorphous up to the highest pressures attained, and a reversible 1.5 eV red-shift of the Ge K-edge energy indicating metallization, occurs between 10 GPa and 15 GPa. Two compression stages are identified by XAS structure refinement. First, a decrease of the first-neighbor distances up to about 10 GPa, in the same pressure region of a previously observed breakdown of the intermediate-range order. Second, an increase of the Ge-Se distances, bond disorder, and of the coordination number. This stage is related to a reversible non-isostructural transition involving a gradual conversion from tetra- to octa-hedral geometry which is not yet fully completed at 30 GPa.
The Birth of Clinical Organ Transplantation (2001)

aThomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA FACS *Correspondence address: Thomas E Starzl, MD, PhD, Falk Clinic, 4th Floor, 3601 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Received December 4, 2000; Accepted December 6, 2000. Supported in part by research grants from the Veterans Administration and Project Grant No. DK-29961 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Presented at the American College of Surgeons 86th Annual Clinical Congress, Chicago, IL, October 24, 2000. No competing interests declared.
Light‐induced postharvest regreening of pummelo fruit* (1988)

SUMMARY Regreening was observed and measured in harvested pummelo fruit stored in the light. At temperatures of 22 ‐ 28°C, regular daylight was sufficient for regreening to occur. The addition of continuous fluorescent light intensified the process. Pre‐stored fruit held in darkness at 11°C and non‐stored fruit responded to both light conditions in a similar manner. Electron microscopy has shown that globular chromoplasts revert to chloroplasts during regreening. The similarities between regreening processes in preharvest and postharvest fruits are discussed.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-10 from A Tumorigenic MLL-Homeobox Network in Human Glioblastoma Stem Cells (2023)

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Caspase‐independent necrotic cell death induced by a radiosensitizer, 8‐nitrocaffeine (2004)

Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis have been extensively studied, but little is known about non-apoptotic cell death. To study the mechanism of non-apoptotic cell death, we searched for non-apoptotic cell death inducers for U937 cells, which are highly sensitive to apoptosis induction by various stimuli. We found that 8-nitrocaffeine and its analog, which are candidate radiosensitizers for cancer therapy, induced exclusively caspase-independent necrotic cell death in cell lines such as U937, HL-60, K562 and Jurkat. The 8-nitrocaffeine-induced necrotic cell death was mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) because (i) ROS were produced in the 8-nitrocaffeine-treated cells, (ii) ROS scavengers inhibited the caspase-independent necrotic cell death induced by 8-nitrocaffeine, and (iii) the necrotic cell death was completely suppressed in hypoxic cells. Cells selected for resistance to nitrocaffeine showed cross resistance to CH-11, an anti-Fas antibody, suggesting that the necrotic process plays an important role in Fas-mediated cell death in this cell line. Since cancer cells are often derived from a selected population of cells resistant to apoptosis, inducers of necrotic cell death could be beneficial to kill cancer cells that have acquired resistance to apoptosis-induction therapy.
Plasma Reaction Behaviors of Carbon Disulfide and Carbon Dioxide in Glow Discharges (1981)

Abstract Reaction behaviors of carbon disulfide and carbon dioxide in plasma were investigated and compared. It was found that carbon disulfide is very reactive in plasma to produce dark brown filmy polymers, but carbon dioxide does not give polymeric products at all. The difference in plasma behaviors of the two monomers can be attributed to the roles of sulfur and oxygen in the monomers. There is also some discussion on the spectro-scopic data of carbon disulfide polymers.
Major Factors Influencing on the Financial Performance of Local Government Hospitals (2010)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the internal factors that influence the performance of local government hospitals in Korea. Out of 34 Local Government hospitals, 6 hospitals were selected as sample hospitals. Then hospitals were divided into two groups(3 hospitals each), one of which was profit-making and the other loss-making. The criteria in selecting profit or loss-making hospitals was Normal Profit to Total Assets. The major findings of this study were as follows : The headcount per 100 bed of the profit-making hospitals was 8.8 persons less than the loss-making hospitals and the ratio of payroll expenses to total revenue 14.7% less. Inpatient bed occupancy ratio of the profit-making hospitals was 92.8%. This result is higher 21.8% than loss-making hospitals.
Prevalence and importance of internal tandem duplications in exons 11 and 12 of c- kit in mast cell tumors of dogs (2002)

These results provide evidence that ITDs in c-kit occur frequently in MCTs of dogs. The high prevalence of c-kit activating mutations in MCTs of dogs combined with the relative abundance of mast cell disease in dogs provide an ideal naturally developing tumor in which to test the safety and efficacy of novel small-molecule kinase inhibitors such as imatinib mesylate.
Preparation of PVDF/SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Composite Nanofiber Membrane Using Electrospinning for Polymer Electrolyte Analysis (2013)

Superhydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF-SiO2 composite membranes with different % of SiO2 contents were prepared by electrospinning. The surface morphologies of the membranes are characterized by using scanning electron microscopy. The nanofibers in the membranes were stacked in layers to produce fully interconnected pores that resulted in high porosity. The incorporation of SiO2 into the nanofiber membrane improved the ionic conductivity from 0.2428 × 10-4Scm-1 to 7.731 × 10-4Scm-1 at room temperature. The surface roughness of the membranes increased with increasing the SiO2 content, while the average diameter of nanofibers was rarely affected. Superhydrophobic PVDF membrane with a contact angle larger than 136° was prepared by the electrospinning of the SiO2 functionalized PVDF. The surface composition of the membranes is analyzed by using FTIR and the contact angles and water drops on the surface of the membrane are measured. The contact angle experimental results of PVDF-SiO2 composite membranes showed an improvement of hydrophobicity with % of nano SiO2.
Optimal In-Place Learning and the Lobe Component Analysis (2006)

It is difficult to map many existing learning algorithms onto biological networks because the former require a separate learning network. The computational basis of biological cortical learning is still poorly understood. This paper rigorously introduces a concept called in-place learning. With in-place learning, every networked neuron in-place is responsible for the learning of its signal processing characteristics (e.g., efficacies of synapses) within its connected network environment. There is no need for a separate learning network. With this in-place hypothesis, consequently, each neuron does not have extra space to compute and store the second and higher order statistics (e.g., correlations) of its input fibers. This work first provides a classification of learning algorithms. Then, it shows that the two well-known in-place biological mechanisms, the Hebbian rule and lateral inhibition, are sufficient to develop orientation selective cells, similar to those found in VI, from inputs of natural images. Many other cells that have not been fully understood have emerged as well. The presented computational study of these two in-place learning mechanisms leads to a new concept- these cells correspond to what are called lobe components, which are high concentrations in the probability of the neuronal input space. Further analysis explains how every neuron can learn efficiently (i.e., near-optimal efficiency) by scheduling its plasticity while interacting with other connected neurons. A simple, in-place (Type-5) learning algorithm is presented. The experimental results showed that this simple biologically inspired algorithm is superior to some well-known state-of-the-art ICA algorithms, thanks to its near-optimal efficiency.