gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from FOXP3 Defines Regulatory T Cells in Human Tumor and Autoimmune Disease (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Activated T cells may express FOXP3. It is thought that FOXP3 is not a specific marker to determine regulatory T cells (Treg) in humans. Here, we examined the functional phenotype and cytokine profile of the &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; induced FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells, primary FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in patients with ulcerative colitis and tumors including colon carcinoma, melanoma, hepatic carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. We observed similar levels of suppressive capacity of primary FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in blood, tumors, and colitic tissues. Compared with primary FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in the same microenvironment, these primary FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells expressed minimal levels of effector cytokines, negligible amount of cytotoxic molecule granzyme B, and levels of suppressive molecules interleukin-10 and PD-1. Although the &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; activated T cells expressed FOXP3, these induced FOXP3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells expressed high levels of multiple effector cytokines and were not functionally suppressive. The data reinforce the fact that FOXP3 remains an accurate marker to define primary Tregs in patients with cancer and autoimmune disease. We suggest that the combination of FOXP3 and cytokine profile is useful for further functionally distinguishing primary Tregs from activated conventional T cells. [Cancer Res 2009;69(9):3995–4000]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Machine learning implicates the IL-18 signaling axis in severe asthma (2021)

Asthma is a common disease with profoundly variable natural history and patient morbidity. Heterogeneity has long been appreciated, and much work has focused on identifying subgroups of patients with similar pathobiological underpinnings. Previous studies of the Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP) cohort linked gene expression changes to specific clinical and physiologic characteristics. While invaluable for hypothesis generation, these data include extensive candidate gene lists that complicate target identification and validation. In this analysis, we performed unsupervised clustering of the SARP cohort using bronchial epithelial cell gene expression data, identifying a transcriptional signature for participants suffering exacerbation-prone asthma with impaired lung function. Clinically, participants in this asthma cluster exhibited a mixed inflammatory process and bore transcriptional hallmarks of NF-κB and activator protein 1 (AP-1) activation, despite high corticosteroid exposure. Using supervised machine learning, we found a set of 31 genes that classified patients with high accuracy and could reconstitute clinical and transcriptional hallmarks of our patient clustering in an external cohort. Of these genes, IL18R1 (IL-18 Receptor 1) negatively associated with lung function and was highly expressed in the most severe patient cluster. We validated IL18R1 protein expression in lung tissue and identified downstream NF-κB and AP-1 activity, supporting IL-18 signaling in severe asthma pathogenesis and highlighting this approach for gene and pathway discovery.
Adsorption strains in porous silicon (1996)

X-ray-diffraction observations of strains induced by vapor adsorption are reported for porous silicon single-crystal samples. Two types of porous silicon ($p$ and ${p}^{+}$) with very different pore structure are investigated. A low-pressure contraction is observed in $p$-type samples with spherical pores of about 3-nm diameter. In ${p}^{+}$-type samples, where the pores are cylindrical with a larger diameter of about 10 nm, a minimum of the lattice parameter versus the vapor pressure is observed when capillary condensation occurs with a distinct hysteresis between increasing and decreasing vapor pressure. Finally, an expansion is observed for complete wetting. These results are discussed for the different pressure ranges in relation to previous experimental and theoretical studies on adsorption strains. The analogous features observed for very different materials could have a common origin. The expansion is easily explained by the decrease of surface energy due to adsorption and wetting. It appears that the low-pressure contraction is partially related to the attractive van der Waals interactions induced by vapor adsorption in nanometer-size cavities. The softening of the elastic constants observed in porous silicon is discussed in order to explain the magnitude of the observed strains.
Phase I/II results of a second-generation humanized anti-CD20 antibody, IMMU-106 (hA20), in NHL (2006)

7530 Background: The humanized anti-CD20 antibody, IMMU-106 (hA20), has similar murine CDRs to rituximab, but the remaining framework is identical to humanized anti-CD22 IgG1 antibody, epratuzumab, whose safety and short infusion times have been reported. Methods: An open-label, multicenter, phase I/II, dose escalation study was conducted in adult patients with recurrent NHL to establish the safety, tolerance, PK, and immunogenicity (HAHA) of hA20 administered weekly x 4. Thirty-four patients have now received hA20 at 120 (n = 7), 200 (n = 6), 375 (n = 18) or 750 mg/m 2 (n = 3). These were predominantly stage III/IV patients (n = 27) with follicular lymphoma (N = 23) who received 1–7 prior treatments (median, 2), including 1 (N = 22) or more (N = 9) rituximab regimens (without progression within 6 months). Results: Thirty-three patients completed all 4 hA20 infusions. Median infusion times at 375 mg/m 2 were 3.1 h for 1st infusion, 2.0–2.3 h for subsequent infusions, and were generally shorter at lower doses. Fourteen patients (14%) had transient events, predominantly grade 1–2 events at 1st infusion. Antibody levels increased with hA20 dose; at 375 mg/m 2 , mean serum half-lives after 1st and 4th infusions were 3.4 ± 1.7 and 12.3 ± 3.9 days, respectively. With median follow-up now 3–6 months, peripheral blood B-cell depletion persists, HAHA evaluations are negative, and 14/23 patients (61%) with response assessments have objective responses by Cheson criteria. All 6 CR/CRu’s (23%) were in follicular lymphoma, occurred at all dose levels even at 120 mg/m 2 (including patients with 2–4 prior rituximab-containing regimens ), and with 5/6 continuing. Conclusions: The tolerability, relatively short infusion times, and CR/CRu’s in patients with follicular lymphoma who relapsed after rituximab-containing regimens is encouraging. This study is continuing to assess response durability and to determine the optimal hA20 dose for subsequent studies. [Table: see text]
Persistent Parvovirus B19 Infection without the Development of Chronic Anemia in HIV‐Infected and ‐Uninfected Children: The Women and Infants Transmission Study (2004)

We evaluated the prevalence of persistent parvovirus B19 (B19) infection and associated anemia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected children. B19 persistence was defined as B19 DNA detected in specimens collected >16 weeks apart. Of 182 children, 3 HIV-infected children and two HIV-uninfected children had evidence of persistent B19 infection. Of the 5 children, none had evidence of B19-associated anemia. Our data suggest that B19 infections can persist in children without the development of symptomatic anemia.
1,4-Bis(p-tolylethynyl)benzene (2005)

The rod-like molecule of the title hydrocarbon, C24H18, is centrosymmetric, with the centroid of the central benzene ring residing on an inversion center. The molecules display a planar conformation of the benzene rings and aggregate into stacks along the [010] direction via Csp(3)-H...pi(arene) interactions, thus forming a stair-like pseudo-two-dimensional network. Each molecule acts as both a C-H hydrogen donor and a pi-arene acceptor, forming four hydrogen bonds per molecule.
Compensation of aberrations in holographic microscopes: main strategies and applications (2022)

Abstract Digital holography is a technique that provides a non-invasive, label-free, quantitative, and high-resolution imaging employable in biological and science of matter fields, but not only. In the last decade, digital holography (DH) has undergone very significant signs of progress that made it one of the most powerful metrology tools. However, one of the most important issues to be afforded and solved for obtaining quantitative phase information about the analyzed specimen is related to phase aberrations. Sources of aberrations can be diverse, and several strategies have been developed and tested to make DH a reliable optical system with submicron resolution. This paper reviews the most effective and robust methods to remove or compensate phase aberrations in retrieved quantitative phase imaging by DH. Different strategies are presented and discussed in detail on how to remove or compensate for such disturbing aberrations. Among the various methods improvements in the optical setups are considered the numerical algorithms, the hybrid methods, and the very recent Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches to compensate for all aberrations which affect the setups to improve the imaging quality and the accuracy of the reconstruction images’ procedures.
Forkhead Box F2 Suppresses Gastric Cancer through a Novel FOXF2–IRF2BPL–β-Catenin Signaling Axis (2018)

DNA methylation has been identified as a hallmark of gastric cancer (GC). Identifying genes that are repressed by DNA promoter methylation is essential in providing insights into the molecular pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Using genome-wide methylation studies, we identified that transcription factor forkhead box F2 (FOXF2) was preferentially methylated in gastric cancer. We then investigated the functional significance and clinical implication of FOXF2 in gastric cancer. FOXF2 was silenced in gastric cancer cell lines and cancer tissues by promoter methylation, which was negatively associated with mRNA expression. Ectopic expression of FOXF2 inhibited proliferation, colony formation, G<sub>1</sub>-S cell-cycle transition, induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cell lines, and suppressed growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice; knockdown of FOXF2 elicited opposing effects. FOXF2 inhibited Wnt signaling by inducing β-catenin protein ubiquitination and degradation independently of GSK-3β. FOXF2 directly bound the promoter of E3 ligase interferon regulatory factor 2-binding protein-like (IRF2BPL) and induced its transcriptional expression. IRF2BPL in turn interacted with β-catenin, increasing its ubiquitination and degradation. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified FOXF2 hypermethylation as an independent prognostic factor of poor survival in early-stage gastric cancer patients. In conclusion, FOXF2 is a critical tumor suppressor in gastric carcinogenesis whose methylation status serves as an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients.<b>Significance:</b> FOXF2-mediated upregulation of the E3 ligase IRF2BPL drives ubiquitylation and degradation of β-catenin in gastric cancer, blunting Wnt signaling and suppressing carcinogenesis. <i>Cancer Res; 78(7); 1643-56. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Nigella damascena L. Essential Oil—A Valuable Source of β-Elemene for Antimicrobial Testing (2018)

The most commonly used plant source of β-elemene is <i>Curcuma wenyujin</i> Y. H. Chen & C. Ling (syn. of <i>Curcuma aromatic</i> Salisb.) with its content in supercritical CO₂ extract up to 27.83%. However, the other rich source of this compound is <i>Nigella damascena</i> L. essential oil, in which β-elemene accounts for 47%. In this work, the effective protocol for preparative isolation of β-elemene from a new source-<i>N. damascena</i> essential oil-using high performance counter-current chromatography HPCCC was elaborated. Furthermore, since sesquiterpens are known as potent antimicrobials, the need for finding new agents designed to combat multi-drug resistant strains was addressed and the purified target compound and the essential oil were tested for its activity against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and mycobacterial strains. The application of the mixture of petroleum ether, acetonitrile, and acetone in the ratio 2:1.5:0.5 (<i>v/v</i>) in the reversed phase mode yielded β-elemene with high purity in 70 min. The results obtained for antimicrobial assay clearly indicated that <i>N. damascena</i> essential oil and isolated β-elemene exert action against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> strain H37Ra.
Electrical characteristics of Hf-based GaAs MOS capacitors with thin HfO x N y interlayer (2009)

Electrical and reliability characteristic of Hf-based GaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors (TaN/HfO 2 /HfO x N y /p-GaAs) with ultrathin HfO x N y interfacial layer is investigated. Charge trapping behavior has been studied under both the DC and dynamic voltage stressing. Transient response and the degradation mechanism of the dielectric have been studied both under positive and negative DC gate bias stressing conditions. Effect of interfacial layer thickness variation on flat band voltage instability is reported. It is found that both the interface and bulk traps in gate stacks contribute significantly to flat band voltage instability of HfO 2 -based GaAs MOS capacitors. Both types of trapping are observed under dynamic stressing with the gate hole injections.
An offset cancellation technique in a switched-capacitor comparator for SAR ADCs (2012)

An offset cancellation technique for a SAR (successive approximation register) ADC switched-capacitor comparator is described. The comparator is designed with a pre-amplifying and regenerative latching structure and realized in 0.18 μm CMOS. With the first stage preamplifier offset cancellation and low offset regenerative latching approach, the equivalent offset of the comparator is reduced to < 0.55 mV. By using the pre-amplifying and regenerative latching comparison mode the comparator exhibits low power dissipation. Under a 1.8 V power supply, with a 200 kS/s ADC sampling rate and 3 MHz clock frequency, a 13-bit comparison resolution is reached and less than 0.09 mW power dissipation is consumed. The superiority of this comparator is discussed and proved by the post-simulation and application to a 10 bit 200 kS/s touch screen SAR A/D converter.
AIDS: the new challenge to food security: IFPRI 2001-2002 Annual Report Essay (2002)

AIDS (Disease), Food security., HIV/AIDS Africa., Africa, Sub-Saharan., Epidemics., Food security Developing countries., Food supply., Malnutrition Prevention., Agriculture., Nutrition policies.,
Abnormal redox status of membrane-protein thiols in sickle erythrocytes. (1985)

Although sickle erythrocytes (RBC) undergo excessive autooxidation, investigators have not found evidence for abnormal oxidation of protein thiols in sickle RBC membranes (e.g., protein aggregates linked by intermolecular disulfide bonds). However, the conventional techniques heretofore used cannot detect more subtle changes in thiol status such as abnormal intramolecular disulfide bonds. We examined RBC membranes using thiol-disulfide exchange chromatography which partitions sodium dodecyl sulfate-solubilized proteins on the basis of reactive thiols, yielding gel-bound (reduced-thiol) and filtrate (oxidized/blocked-thiol) fractions. Membranes from normal RBC partition so that only 13.6 +/- 1.4% of all membrane protein is found in the filtrate fraction. An abnormally increased amount of membrane protein from sickle RBC (21.5 +/- 4.3%) partitions into the filtrate fraction (P less than 0.001). Since sickle RBC do not have high molecular weight aggregates of membrane protein, this indicates abnormal intramolecular thiol oxidation in sickle RBC membranes. Treatment of normal RBC with thiol blockers and oxidants simulates this shift of membrane protein into the filtrate fraction. Analysis using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis reveals that the filtrate fraction derived from normal RBC consists mostly of band 7 and glycophorins, with only trace amounts of other membrane proteins. Superimposed upon this normal background, sickle RBC filtrates are enriched with all proteins (including cytoskeletal protein bands 1, 2, 2.1, and 4.1), suggesting a generalized oxidative perturbation of sickle RBC membranes. These observations support the concept that excessive RBC autooxidation may play a role in sickle disease pathophysiology, and they perhaps help explain the development of those membrane abnormalities that may reflect cytoskeletal dysfunction in sickle erythrocytes.
Reconciling Technical Ambitions and Business Realities of Cognitive Radio: Standardising Generic Interfaces for Cognitive Radio Reconfiguration (2010)

In this paper, we consider the problem that despite considerable Cognitive Radio (CR) research over the last decade and standardization efforts in DySPAN related topics in recent times, thus far, the commercial realisation of autonomous and intelligent networks has not been fulfilled. This is partly because of the complexity of deploying learning algorithms and protocol solutions that satisfy the conflicting stakeholder interests that have implications on existing business models and practices. In this paper we consider the proposition that the success of wider commercial deployment of CR network solutions will benefit significantly by the availability of an open and standard API mechanism that enable stakeholder interoperability, leading to new and innovative business models. The Cognitive Resource Management (CRM) architecture, which has recently been defined by the EU ARAGORN research project, is used as the basis for this approach. A brief analysis of telecom business models is used to understand the relative merits. We conclude that a standard set of generic interfaces can enables seamless cooperation across stakeholder and protocols boundaries to facilitate an evolutionary path for telecom business models through emergence of CR devices of different capabilities providing a great opportunity for product differentiation and optimization.
EFFECTS OF ACCELERATION ON THE HUMAN BODY AND RESPONSE TO PHYSIOLOGICAL PERMISSIBLE LIMITS (1963)

Acceleration and deceleration tests are performed on 100 subjects who are free from possiple motion sickness in an attempt to define physiological permissible limits on a comfort index basis. The results obtained are as follows : 1) Through a mathematical approach it is disclosed that physiologically 0.19 g for acceleration, ration are found to be limits. 2) The passenger's sitting position is the best, and in standing position with the face in running direction is the worst on comfortable index. cted to chronological changes. parative changes before during and after the tests. 5) None have developed car sickness during and after the tests, 36 subjects have complained of fatigue.
RSVP-TE Signaling Extensions in support of Flexible Ethernet networks (2016)

This draft describes the extensions to the Resource Reservation
Protocol Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) signalling protocol to support
Label Switched Paths (LSPs) in a GMPLS-controlled flexible Ethernet
network.
Axitinib Has Antiangiogenic and Antitumorigenic Activity in Myxoid Liposarcoma (2016)

Myxoid liposarcoma is a rare form of soft-tissue sarcoma. Although most patients initially respond well to treatment, approximately 21% relapse, highlighting the need for alternative treatments. To identify novel treatment regimens and gain a better understanding of myxoid liposarcoma tumor biology, we screened various candidate and approved targeted therapeutics and chemotherapeutics against myxoid liposarcoma cell lines. Therapeutics that target angiogenesis showed antitumor activity. The small molecule inhibitor axitinib, which targets angiogenesis by inhibiting the VEGFR and PDGFR families and c-Kit, inhibited cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis <i>in vitro</i>, as well as having significant antitumor activity against MLS 1765 myxoid liposarcoma xenografts in mice. Axitinib also displayed synergistic antitumor activity <i>in vitro</i> when combined with the potassium channel ionophore salinomycin or the BH3 mimetic ABT-737. Another angiogenesis-targeting therapeutic, 4EGI-1, which targets the oncoprotein eIF4E, significantly decreased angiogenic ligand expression by myxoid liposarcoma cells and reduced tumor cell growth. To verify this oncogenic addiction to angiogenic pathways, we utilized VEGFR-derived ligand traps and found that autocrine VEGFR signaling was crucial to myxoid liposarcoma cell survival. Overall, these findings suggest that autocrine angiogenic signaling through the VEGFR family is critical to myxoid liposarcoma cell survival and that further study of axitinib as a potential anticancer therapy is warranted.
Detection and direction-finding of spread spectrum signals using correlation and narrowband interference rejection (2003)

An algorithm for correlation-based detection of direct sequence spread spectrum signals with direction finding, including direction-filtering and narrow-band interference rejection, is implemented ...
Metal Bonding in SiC Based Substrates (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Target-Based Drug Discovery for Malaria, Leishmaniasis, and Trypanosomiasis (2000)

Advances in combinatorial chemistry, high-throughput screening, and molecular modeling have revolutionized the process of drug discovery in the pharmaceutical industry. Drug discovery efforts for the primary protozoal parasitic diseases of the developing world, malaria, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis, have also begun to employ these techniques. Drug targets in these parasites, exemplified by cysteine proteases and trypanothione reductase, have been purified and used for inhibitor screening. Through this work, small molecules have been identified that inhibit both parasite proteins and the growth of the organisms. This review describes advances that have been made in examining the effects of small molecules on potential parasitic drug targets determined by biochemical and computer-based screening, and also details the activity of such compounds on parasites in vitro and in vivo. Based on these results, it is apparent that modern drug discovery techniques hold promise for the identification of antiparasitic drug candidates.