gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The OCP Small Engine Fuel Injection System for Future Two-Stroke Marine Engines (1994)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In the past years, manufacturers of recreational marine outboard engines have relied upon the high specific output, the low engine mass, the small packaging size and both the low investment and piece cost of the two stroke engine. With pending emission legislation in USA and a growing customer demand for environmentally friendly products, the manufacturers are being challenged to provide the outboard for the future. With substantial capital investment in place for manufacture of a full horsepower range of two stroke outboards, marine manufacturers are not eager to make the large investments in alternative engines such as four stroke engines in order to meet emission legislation.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The Orbital Combustion Process (OCP) Small Engine Fuel Injection System (SEFIS), currently in the productionising phase, represents a cost effective alternative allowing outboard manufacturers to retain the desirable attributes of the two stroke engine, yet achieve the emission capability and fuel economy equivalent or superior to that of a four stroke engine.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The SEFIS system utilises the base OCP technology derived from Orbital's automotive two stroke engine programs. The function of the direct injection hardware required has been simplified and designed for low cost manufacture.&lt;/div&gt;
Trehalose ameliorates the cryopreservation of cord blood in a preclinical system and increases the recovery of CFUs, long‐term culture‐initiating cells, and nonobese diabetic‐SCID repopulating cells (2003)

Trehalose at 5 percent significantly ameliorates the cryopreservation of CB progenitor cells at a preclinical protocol. The increased recoveries of these cells might potentially improve the engraftment outcomes of CB transplants.
Studies in Ammonia Metabolism (1958)

THE possibility that an increase in blood ammonia produces coma by a direct effect on enzymatic reactions in the brain has been a subject of speculation and investigation for several years,1 2 3 and the occurrence of coma in dogs with experimental Eck fistula and in human beings with liver disease is well known. However, a direct relation between blood ammonia and the onset of coma was only recently demonstrated as the result of a procedure developed in this laboratory for consistent production of coma in normal dogs by the infusion of ammonia into the cerebral circulation.4 Using this technic we have . . .
Coupled Vibration of Two Discs in Fluids. Experimental Research. (1992)

This paper presents experimental results for the coupled vibrations of two discs. The upper disc is fixed along the outer boundary while the bottom one is fixed at the inner periphery. The two discs face each other in a fluid-filled cylindrical vessel. The simple theoretical formulae which were presented in the 1st report are examined. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical results, which showed that two coupled frequencies appear for each number of nodal diameters. The difference between the natural frequencies from the theoretical and experimental results is studied, and some modified formulae are presented that predict the natural frequencies of the runner of a centrifugal hydraulic machinery more accurately.
Arthroscopic anatomy of the intercarpal and radiocarpal joints of the horse (1985)

Arthroscopic anatomy of the equine intercarpal and radiocarpal joints was documented in six cadaver limbs and on observations made during surgical treatment of horses with carpal osteochondral fractures. Instrument positions and arthroscopic visualisation were recorded. The cadaver limbs were dissected and iatrogenic lesions recorded. A single arthroscopic portal examination was adequate in both joints; however, a second arthroscopic portal improved visualisation. The intercarpal joint was more easily examined than the radiocarpal joint because of anatomical differences. Iatrogenic lesions were associated with failure of joint capsule distention during penetration.
A Highly Efficient and Broadly Applicable Cationic Gold Catalyst (2014)

Gold catalysts capable of promoting reactions at low-level loadings under mild conditions are the exception rather than the norm. We examined reactions where the regeneration of cationic gold catalyst (e.g., protodeauration) was the turnover limiting stage. By manipulating electron density on the substituents around phosphorus and introducing steric handles we designed a phosphine ligand that contains two electron-rich ortho-biphenyl groups and a cyclohexyl substituent. This ligand formed a gold complex that catalyzed common types of gold-catalyzed reactions including intra- and intermolecular XH (X=C, N, O) additions to alkynes and cycloisomerizations, with high turnover numbers at room temperature or slightly elevated temperatures (≤50 °C). Our new ligand can be prepared in one step from commercially available starting materials.
Deduced primary structure of vitellogenin in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and yolk processing during ovarian maturation (2002)

A cDNA encoding vitellogenin (Vg) in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, was cloned based on the cDNA sequence of vitellin (Vn) fragments A-N and B-42 determined previously, and its amino acid sequence deduced. The open reading frame (ORF) encoded 2,537 amino acid residues and its deduced amino acid sequence possessed three consensus cleavage sites, R-X-R-R, similar to those reported in Vgs of insects. The deduced primary structure of Vg in M. rosenbergii was seen to be similar to that of Penaeus japonicus, especially in the N-terminal region. It is therefore likely that Vgs in crustacean species including prawns and other related decapods exhibit a similar structural pattern. Based on the deduced primary structure of Vg and analysis of the various Vg and Vn subunits found in the hemolymph and ovary during ovarian maturation, we demonstrated the post-translational processing of Vg in M. rosenbergii. This is the first time that Vg processing has been clearly demonstrated in a crustacean species. Vg, after being synthesized in the hepatopancreas, is considered to be cleaved by a subtilisin-like endoprotease to form two subunits, A and proB, which are then released into the hemolymph. In the hemolymph, proB is possibly cleaved by a processing enzyme of unknown identity to give rise to subunits B and C/D. The three processed subunits A, B, and C/D are sequestered by the ovary to give rise to three yolk proteins, Macr-VnA, VnB, and VnC/D.
Compensated Row-Column Ultrasound Imaging System Using Edge-Guided Three Dimensional Random Fields (2017)

The row-column method is a simplification technique used to reducethe complexity of a fully addressed 2-D array. Although itgreatly reduces the number of physical connections required aswell as the amount of data to be handled, it still has limitations; itsimaging data output is sparse, it suffers from speckle noise, and itsspatially-dependant point spread function is riddled with edge artifacts.In this work, we propose a row-column ultrasound imagingsystem, termed CRUIS3D, that uses a 3-D edge-guided randomfield approach to compensate for the limitations of the row-columnmethod. Tests on CRUIS3D and previously published row-columnsystems show the effectiveness of our proposed system as a toolfor enhancing 3-D row-column ultrasound imaging.
GaAs-based high temperature electrically pumped polariton laser (2014)

Strong coupling effects and polariton lasing are observed at 155 K with an edge-emitting GaAs-based microcavity diode with a single Al0.31Ga0.69As/Al0.41Ga0.59As quantum well as the emitter. The threshold for polariton lasing is observed at 90 A/cm2, accompanied by a reduction of the emission linewidth to 0.85 meV and a blueshift of the emission wavelength by 0.89 meV. Polariton lasing is confirmed by the observation of a polariton population redistribution in momentum space and spatial coherence. Conventional photon lasing is recorded in the same device at higher pump powers.
Eukaryotic phytochromes: Light-regulated serine/threonine protein kinases with histidine kinase ancestry (1998)

The discovery of cyanobacterial phytochrome histidine kinases, together with the evidence that phytochromes from higher plants display protein kinase activity, bind ATP analogs, and possess C-terminal domains similar to bacterial histidine kinases, has fueled the controversial hypothesis that the eukaryotic phytochrome family of photoreceptors are light-regulated enzymes. Here we demonstrate that purified recombinant phytochromes from a higher plant and a green alga exhibit serine/threonine kinase activity similar to that of phytochrome isolated from dark grown seedlings. Phosphorylation of recombinant oat phytochrome is a light- and chromophore-regulated intramolecular process. Based on comparative protein sequence alignments and biochemical cross-talk experiments with the response regulator substrate of the cyanobacterial phytochrome Cph1, we propose that eukaryotic phytochromes are histidine kinase paralogs with serine/threonine specificity whose enzymatic activity diverged from that of a prokaryotic ancestor after duplication of the transmitter module.
Prognosis and treatment of disseminated uveal melanoma (1993)

Treatment and prognosis results of patients with metastatic uveal melanoma were poor, especially when the disseminated to the liver; survival time of approximately 9 months can be expected.
Combined effect of chloroquine and insulin administration on some biochemical parameters in rats placed on high fat and calcium diet. (2004)

Effect of combined administration of Insulin and Chloroquine on fasting blood glucose, total protein, creatinine and uric acid concentration were investigated in rats placed on diets high in fat and calcium (SP diet). Thirty-six (36) rats (grouped into six) were placed on different treatment: Grams A and B were fed with NP (normal diet) and SP diet respectively; Group C was placed on NP diet and injected intramuscularly with 100 microg insulin per day; Group D was placed on SP diet and also injected with 100 microg insulin per day; Group E was placed on SP diet and injected with both insulin (100 microg/day) and chloroquine (20mg/Kg thrice weekly); Group F was placed on SP diet and injected with chloroquine (20mg/Kg) thrice weekly. After 15 weeks of treatment, a significantly reduced concentration of glucose was observed in groups injected with insulin and those injected with insulin and chloroquine together (compared with the control groups, A and B). The serum total protein and uric acid level were however not significantly different in all the rats. Serum creatinine was also observed to be significantly lowered in the rats treated with insulin. The results of this study thus suggest that insulin and chloroquine administration may result in reduced blood glucose level (hypoglycemia). It also suggests that insulin and chloroquine administration may further effect an improved kidney function.
Complexes of the tripodal nitrilotrimethylenetrisphosphonic (H6L) and P,P′,P ″-triphenylnitrilotrimethylenetrisphosphinic (H3L°) acids with the copper(II) ion. Synthesis and characterization of [Hpy][Cu(H3L)(H2O)] and [Cu(HL°)(py)]2·2Me2CO† (2001)

The complexes [Hpy][Cu(H3L)(H2O)] 1 (L6− = nitrilotrimethylenetrisphosphonate) and [Cu(HL°)(py)]2·2Me2CO 2 [(L°)3− = P,P′,P″-triphenylnitrilotrismethylenetrisphosphinate)] have been isolated and characterized by X-ray crystallography, near IR-visible spectroscopy and magnetic measurements. The structure determination has shown the complexes to be constituted by monomeric and dimeric units respectively. In the monomer the metal atom is surrounded by the phosphonate ligand and a water molecule, with a geometry between a trigonal bipyramid and a square pyramid. The two copper atoms in the dimer are held together by an arm of the tripod ligand, with a pyridine molecule as additional ligand, and display octahedral geometry. The presence of monomeric and dimeric species in aqueous solutions of 1 and 2 has been shown by ESMS studies. The formation in water solution of the dimer [{Cu(H3L)}2]2−, as a minor species, has been supported by potentiometric measurements, whereas only the monomeric anion [CuL°]− has been ascertained to be present. In general the ligand H3L° forms less stable copper(II) complexes than H6L.
Fast-spiking interneurons of the premotor cortex contribute to action planning (2021)

SUMMARY Planning and execution of voluntary movement depend on the contribution of distinct classes of neurons in primary motor and premotor areas. However, the specific functional role of GABAergic cells remains only partly understood. Here, electrophysiological and computational analyses are employed to compare directly the response properties of putative pyramidal (PNs) and fast-spiking, GABAergic neurons (FSNs) during licking and forelimb retraction in mice. Recordings from anterolateral motor cortex and rostral forelimb area, reveal that FSNs fire earlier and for a longer duration than PNs, with the exception of a subset of early-modulated PNs in deep layers. Computational analysis reveals that FSNs carry vastly more information than PNs about the onset of movement. While PNs differently modulate their discharge during distinct motor acts, most FSNs respond with a stereotyped increase in firing rate. Accordingly, the informational redundancy was greater among FSNs than PNs. These data suggest that a global rise of inhibition contributes to early action planning.
The Swedish new variant of Chlamydia trachomatis (nvCT) remains undetected by many European laboratories as revealed in the recent PCR/NAT ring trial organised by INSTAND e.V., Germany (2009)

The May 2009 round of INSTAND's ring trial "Chlamydia trachomatis detection PCR/NAT" included a sample with high amount of the Swedish new variant of C. trachomatis (nvCT). A spectrum of at least 12 different commercial diagnostic nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) and many different in house NAATs were applied by the 128 participating laboratories which reported 152 results. Approximately 80% of the results correctly reported the presence of C. trachomatis in the nvCT specimen. The nvCT sample was mainly missed, as expected, by participants using the Roche COBAS Amplicor CT/NG (15.5% of reported results) but also by several participants using in house NAATs. The trend towards using nvCT-detecting NAATs is obvious and in addition to the new dual-target NAATs from Roche and Abbott, and BD ProbeTec ET, also a number of new CE mark-certified commercial tests from smaller diagnostic companies as well as many different in house NAATs were used. Laboratories using commercial or in house NAATs that do not detect the nvCT are encouraged to carefully monitor their C. trachomatis incidence, participate in appropriate external quality assurance and controls schemes, and consider altering their testing system. The reliable detection of low amounts of the wildtype C. trachomatis strain in other samples of the ring trial set indicates a good diagnostic performance of all applied commercial NAATs while also detecting the nvCT strain.
Molecular Signaling Mechanisms Underlying Epileptogenesis (2006)

Epilepsy, a disorder of recurrent seizures, is a common and frequently devastating neurological condition. Available therapy is only symptomatic and often ineffective. Understanding epileptogenesis, the process by which a normal brain becomes epileptic, may help identify molecular targets for drugs that could prevent epilepsy. A number of acquired and genetic causes of this disorder have been identified, and various in vivo and in vitro models of epileptogenesis have been established. Here, we review current insights into the molecular signaling mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis, focusing on limbic epileptogenesis. Study of different models reveals that activation of various receptors on the surface of neurons can promote epileptogenesis; these receptors include ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors as well as the TrkB neurotrophin receptor. These receptors are all found in the membrane of a discrete signaling domain within a particular type of cortical neuron--the dendritic spine of principal neurons. Activation of any of these receptors results in an increase Ca2+ concentration within the spine. Various Ca2+-regulated enzymes found in spines have been implicated in epileptogenesis; these include the nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases Src and Fyn and a serine-threonine kinase [Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)] and phosphatase (calcineurin). Cross-talk between astrocytes and neurons promotes increased dendritic Ca2+ and synchronous firing of neurons, a hallmark of epileptiform activity. The hypothesis is proposed that limbic epilepsy is a maladaptive consequence of homeostatic responses to increases of Ca2+ concentration within dendritic spines induced by abnormal neuronal activity.
Quantum Control of Microwave-to-Optical Transducers for Inhomogeneous Broadening Compensation (2021)

We use numerical optimization to design the temporal shape of the laser field driving an inhomogeneous ensemble of quantum emitters in order to restore superradiance effects and improve single photon microwave-to-optical transduction efficiencies.
A quantitative protocol for DNA metabarcoding of springtails (Collembola) (2016)

We developed a novel protocol with superior quantitative analysis results for DNA metabarcoding of Collembola, a major soil microarthropod order. Degenerate PCR primers were designed for conserved regions in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (mt16S) genes based on published collembolan mitogenomes. The best primer pair was selected based on its ability to amplify each gene, irrespective of the species. DNA was extracted from 10 natural communities sampled in a temperate forest (with typically 25-30 collembolan species per 10 soil samples) and 10 mock communities (with seven cultured collembolan species). The two gene regions were then amplified using the selected primers, ligated with adapters for 454 technology, and sequenced. Examination of the natural community samples showed that 32 and 36 operational taxonomic units (defined at a 90% sequence similarity threshold) were recovered from the mtCOI and mt16S data, respectively, which were comparable to the results of the microscopic identification of 25 morphospecies. Further, sequence abundances for each collembolan species from the mtCOI and mt16S data of the mock communities, after normalization by using a species as the internal control, showed good correlation with the number of individuals in the samples (R = 0.91-0.99), although relative species abundances within a mock community sample estimated from sequences were skewed from community composition in terms of the number of individuals or biomass of the species. Thus, this protocol enables the comparison of collembolan communities in a quantitative manner by metabarcoding.
Burch colposuspension: a 10–20 year follow up (1995)

Long term follow up after colposuspension is necessary to assess sequelae. We suggest that new continence procedures should be followed up for 5 to 10 years.
Hypoglycemia after Pancreas Transplantation: Association with Allograft Nesidiodysplasia and Expression of Islet Neogenesis-Associated Peptide (2002)

We report a case of severe hypoglycemia occurring in a 35-yr-old woman, 6 yr after pancreas transplantation for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Extensive preoperative and intraoperative exploration failed to disclose the presence of a focal adenomatous lesion. Partial allograft pancreatectomy was performed initially, but it failed to control the hypoglycemic symptoms, leading to complete removal of the pancreas allograft. Histopathological examination of the resected pancreas allograft showed the presence of nesidioblastosis, characterized by foci of islet cells budding off ducts, accompanied by an increase in the number of islets, numerous small intralobular islet cell aggregates, and nesidiodysplasia (large, hyperchromatic islet cell nuclei). Islet neogenesis-associated protein-positive islets and ducts were seen by immunofluorescence. Insulin-positive islets ranged from very small to large, with isolated insulin-positive cells diffusely scattered, consistent with islet neogenesis. Very little glucagon staining was identified. Reported cases of adult nesidioblastosis are reviewed. The significance of nesidioblastosis in the context of pancreas transplantation and possible mechanisms of posttransplant hypoglycemia are discussed.
Observation of the {ital B}{sub {ital c}} Meson in {ital p}{ovr {ital p}} Collisions at {radical} ({ital s}) =1.8 TeV (1998)

We have observed bottom-charm mesons via the decay mode B{sup {plus_minus}}{sub c}{r_arrow}J/{psi}thinsp {ell}{sup {plus_minus}}{nu} in 1.8thinspthinspTeV p{ovr p} collisions using the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. A fit of background and signal contributions to the J/{psi}thinsp{ell} mass distribution yielded 20.4{sup +6.2}{sub {minus}5.5} events from B{sub c} mesons. A fit to the same distribution with background alone was rejected at the level of 4.8thinspthinspstandard deviations. We measured the B{sup +}{sub c} mass to be 6.40{plus_minus}0.39(stat){plus_minus}0.13( syst) GeV/c{sup 2} and the B{sup +}{sub c} lifetime to be 0.46{sup +0.18}{sub {minus}0.16}(stat) {plus_minus}0.03(syst)thinspps . Our measured yield (production cross section times branching ratio) for B{sup +}{sub c}{r_arrow}J/{psi}thinsp{ell}{sup +}{nu} relative to that for B{sup +}{r_arrow}J/{psi}thinspK{sup +} is 0.132{sup +0.041}{sub {minus}0.037}(stat ){plus_minus}0.031(syst){sup +0.032}{sub {minus}0.020}(lifetime) . {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society }
PCR detection of theTth111 I RFLP at the RB locus (1990)

Journal Article PCR detection of the Tth 111 I RFLP at the RB locus Get access G.L. Vaughn, G.L. Vaughn Taylor R.Smith Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Toguchida, J. Toguchida Taylor R.Smith Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. McGee, T. McGee Taylor R.Smith Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T.P. Dryja T.P. Dryja * Taylor R.Smith Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 16, 25 August 1990, Page 4965, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.16.4965 Published: 25 August 1990