gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the hematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients receiving reduced intensity allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (2007)

7096 Background: Several patient-related factors influence outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI), a weighted index of 17 pre-transplant comorbidities, has been validated in non- myeloablative HCT studies, but it has not been tested in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients receiving reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) HCT nor has it been compared with a number of other pre-transplant factors. Methods: We performed an analysis of 63 NHL patients treated with RIC HCT to assess the HCT-CI's impact on overall survival (OS), treatment-related mortality (TRM) and disease-related mortality (DRM). Individual factors, including performance status, single comorbidities, CD34 dose, prior chemotherapy number, pre-transplant induction chemotherapy response, and NHL histology, were also analyzed relative to their impact on OS. Prior to transplant, all patients received an identical induction regimen (EPOCH-fludarabine). All patients received identical RIC (Cy/Flu) and were transplanted from HLA-matched siblings. Results: In univariate analysis, each of the above factors, except for histology and CD34 dose, exhibited a trend toward an association with OS (adjusted p&lt;0.10). The HCT-CI (0–2 comorbidities vs. 3+ comorbidities) demonstrated an association with TRM at 100 days (4.5% vs. 26.3%) and 1 year (13.6% vs. 36.8%) post-transplant, but not DRM. The factor most strongly associated with OS was response to induction chemotherapy (CR/PR/SD vs. PD; p=0.0025). In a Cox model for OS, induction chemotherapy response remained the sole important factor, while the HCT-CI and other pre-transplant factors added little predictive value to the induction chemotherapy response. The HCT-CI was more strongly associated with OS and TRM in a subset analysis restricted to patients in CR/PR following induction chemotherapy. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the HCT-CI may be useful for estimating probabilities of TRM and OS in NHL patients being considered for RIC HCT. The data further suggest that chemotherapy response at transplant may have significant impact on transplant outcomes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Use of a New Imaging Technique to Document Deformations Recorded in the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (2003)

Abstract The introduction of the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) greatly Improved the functionality of scanning electron microscope (SEM) technology by allowing objects to be imaged in water-vapor under low vacuum, and without the need for coating to facilitate electrical conductivity. The low vacuum environment allows Imaging of delicate structures, such as needlelike crystals, without fear of damaging the object in the process of viewing it.
Endovascular occlusion of the carotid or vertebral artery with temporary proximal flow arrest and microcoils: clinical results. (1997)

Endovascular occlusion with temporary proximal flow arrest and microcoils can be done effectively and successfully. The predictive value of the balloon test occlusion is the major complicating factor, as it is with balloon occlusion. This technique offers an additional tool that can be used for endovascular occlusion of the carotid or vertebral artery and seems to be less difficult technically. It is our primary technique for parent artery occlusion.
Virtual Screening for Ligand Discovery at the σ1 Receptor (2020)

The σ<sub>1</sub> receptor is a transmembrane protein implicated in several pathophysiological conditions, including neurodegenerative disease (J. Pharmacol. Sci.2015127 (1), 1729), drug addiction (Behav. Pharmacol.201627 (2-3 Spec Issue), 10015), cancer (Handb. Exp. Pharmacol.2017244237308), and pain (Neural Regener. Res.201813 (5), 775778). However, there are no high-throughput functional assays for σ<sub>1</sub> receptor drug discovery. Here, we assessed high-throughput structure-based computational docking for discovery of novel ligands of the σ<sub>1</sub> receptor. We screened a library of over 6 million compounds using the Schrödinger Glide package, followed by experimental characterization of top-scoring candidates. 77% of tested candidates bound σ<sub>1</sub> with high affinity (K<sub>D</sub> < 1 μM). These include compounds with high selectivity for the σ<sub>1</sub> receptor compared to the genetically unrelated but pharmacologically similar σ<sub>2</sub> receptor, as well as compounds with substantial crossreactivity between the two receptors. These results establish structure-based virtual screening as a highly effective platform for σ<sub>1</sub> receptor ligand discovery and provide compounds to prioritize in studies of σ<sub>1</sub> biology.
Classical and Quantum-like approaches to Charged-Particle Fluids in a (2008)

A classical description of the dynamics of a dissipative charged-particle fluid in a quadrupole-like device is developed. It is shown that the set of the classical fluid equations contains the same information as a complex function satisfying a Schrodinger-like equation in which Planck's constant is replaced by the time-varying emittance, which is related to the time- varying temperature of the fluid. The squared modulus and the gradient of the phase of this complex function are proportional to the fluid density and to the current velocity, respectively. Within this framework, the dynamics of an electron bunch in a storage ring in the presence of radiation damping and quantum-excitation is recovered. Furthermore, both standard and generalized (including dissipation) coherent states that may be associated with the classical particle fluids are fully described in terms of the above formalism.
Cytokines and antibody subclass associated with protective immunity against blood-stage malaria in mice vaccinated with the C terminus of merozoite surface protein 1 plus a novel adjuvant (1996)

A blood-stage malaria antigen comprising the C terminus of merozoite surface protein 1 fused to glutathione S-transferase, combined with an adjuvant formulation containing squalane, Tween 80, and pluronic L121 (AF), administered subcutaneously protected mice against death from a lethal Plasmodium yoelii infection. The protection induced by this antigen-adjuvant combination was compared with that induced by the antigen plus saponin in terms of survival from the lethal infection and clearance of parasitemia. The levels of gamma interferon and interleukin-4 in spleens were measured as indicators of Th1 and Th2 cell activation, and antibody classes and subclasses were determined by immunofluorescence. With a 10-micrograms dose of antigen and AF as adjuvant, all mice recovered, but with saponin as the adjuvant, there were only a few survivors. With 30 micrograms of antigen plus AF, the peak parasitemias were 10-fold lower than those with 10 micrograms; with saponin, survival was slightly improved. The levels of both gamma interferon and interleukin-4 rose more rapidly and to higher levels with AF as the adjuvant than with saponin, and the same was true for immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), IgG2a, and IgG2b subclasses. Thus, in terms of both cytokine production and antibody levels, AF is a more potent adjuvant for a malaria vaccine than is saponin.
Balancing Formal and Informal Care (1996)

Implications of the presence of informal help for the adequacy of formal home care services are examined in a public program that restricts service authorizations to needs that are not addressed by informal caregivers. Four areas of need were examined: local transportation, shopping, housecleaning, and dressing/bathing. The mixture of formal and informal help varied greatly from one area of need to another. Contrary to expectations, the frequency of informal help tended to be positively associated with the reporting of unmet need. The data suggest that in some areas of need, the reporting of unmet need reflects the view that the demands on informal caregivers are excessive and that additional formal services would provide them with welcome relief.
FAILURE PREDICTION OF WIRE BONDS DUE TO FLEXURE (2004)

Apoptosis, especially the intrinsic mitochondrial cell death pathway, is regulated by the BCL-2 family of proteins. Defects in apoptotic machinery are one of the main mechanisms that cells employ to evade cell death and become cancerous. Targeting the apoptotic defects, either by direct inhibition of BCL-2 family proteins or through modulation of regulatory pathways, can restore cell sensitivity to cell death. This review will focus on the aspects of BCL-2 family proteins, their interactions with kinase pathways, and how novel targeted agents can help overcome the apoptotic blockades. Furthermore, functional assays, such as BH3 profiling, may help in predicting responses to chemotherapies and aid in the selection of combination therapies by determining the mitochondrial threshold for initiating cell death.
Post-Quantum Cryptography: Challenges and Opportunities for Robust and Secure HW Design (2021)

Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) will become soon the standard for many systems of the future. With the advent of quantum computers, all encrypted communications based on traditional asymmetric cryptography (e.g., RSA, ECC) will become insecure. The definition the PQC standards is an on going process proceeding at a fast pace, involving new and largely unexplored cryptographic primitives. For this reason, the design of hardware implementations of PQC algorithms is still under study. In this paper, we introduce the fundamentals of PQC, with a focus on lattice-based cryptography and its hardware security issues, namely side-channel and fault-based attacks. Then, we focus on isogeny-based cryptography and the SIKE algorithm. We highlight the importance of fault-tolerant design choices through the presentation of a fault attack, based on the electromagnetic injection of transient faults, targeting this cryptographic primitive. Finally, we show an interesting idea that starts from the observation that some PQC algorithms have an intrinsic probabilistic behavior. We argue that this characteristic is a clear opportunity that paves the way for the application of approximate (or inexact) computing to the implementation of PQC cryptography.
Angle aided circle detection based on randomized Hough transform and its application in welding spots detection (2019)

The Hough transform has been widely used in image analysis and digital image processing due to its capability of transforming image space detection to parameter space accumulation. In this paper, we propose a novel Angle-Aided Circle Detection (AACD) algorithm based on the randomized Hough transform to reduce the computational complexity of the traditional Randomized Hough transform. The algorithm ameliorates the sampling method of random sampling points to reduce the invalid accumulation by using region proposals method, and thus significantly reduces the amount of computation. Compared with the traditional Hough transform, the proposed algorithm is robust and suitable for multiple circles detection under complex conditions with strong anti-interference capacity. Moreover, the algorithm has been successfully applied to the welding spot detection on automobile body, and the experimental results verifies the validity and accuracy of the algorithm.
Transformer Models for Recommending Related Questions in Web Search (2020)

People Also Ask (PAA) is an exciting feature in most of the leading search engines which recommends related questions for a given user query, thereby attempting to reduce the gap between user's information need. This helps users in diving deep into the topic of interest, and reduces task completion time. However, showing unrelated or irrelevant questions is highly detrimental to the user experience. While there has been significant work on query reformulation and related searches, there is hardly any published work on recommending related questions for a query. Question suggestion is challenging because the question needs to be interesting, structurally correct, not be a duplicate of other visible information, and must be reasonably related to the original query. In this paper, we present our system which is based on a Transformer-based neural representation, BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers), for query, question and corresponding search result snippets. Our best model provides an accuracy of ~81%.
Impact of Epitope Escape on PD-1 Expression and CD8 T-Cell Exhaustion during Chronic Infection (2009)

During some persistent viral infections, virus-specific T-cell responses wane due to the antigen-specific deletion or functional inactivation (i.e., exhaustion) of responding CD8 T cells. T-cell exhaustion often correlates with high viral load and is associated with the expression of the inhibitory receptor PD-1. In other infections, functional T cells are observed despite high levels of pathogen persistence. The reasons for these different T-cell fates during chronic viral infections are not clear. Here, we tracked the fate of virus-specific CD8 T cells in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-infected mice during viral clearance, the persistence of wild-type virus, or the selection and persistence of a viral variant that abrogates the presentation of a single epitope. Viral clearance results in PD-1(lo) functional virus-specific CD8 T cells, while the persistence of wild-type LCMV results in high PD-1 levels and T-cell exhaustion. However, following the emergence of a GP35V-->A variant virus that abrogates the presentation of the GP33 epitope, GP33-specific CD8 T cells remained functional, continued to show low levels of PD-1, and reexpressed CD127, a marker of memory T-cell differentiation. In the same animals and under identical environmental conditions, CD8 T cells recognizing nonmutated viral epitopes became physically deleted or were PD-1(hi) and nonfunctional. Thus, the upregulation of PD-1 and the functional inactivation of virus-specific T cells during chronic viral infection is dependent upon continued epitope recognition. These data suggest that optimal strategies for vaccination should induce high-magnitude broadly specific T-cell responses that prevent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte escape and highlight the need to evaluate the function of vaccine-induced T cells in the context of antigens presented during virus persistence.
Cubic local order around Al and intermixing in short-period AlN/TiN multilayers studied by Al K-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction (2003)

Al K-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) experiments are performed on short-period TiN (50 nm)/AlN (Λ=1, 2, 3, 5, and 15 nm) multilayers prepared by dc magnetron sputtering on MgO(100). It is shown that the local order around Al is hexagonal down to Λ=3 nm and becomes clearly cubic B1 rocksalt-type below this thickness. This phase transition is correlated with x-ray diffraction results, which reveal increased compressive stresses in TiN layers for Λ=3 nm. In addition, EXAFS provides direct evidence of substitution of Ti for Al within AlN layers, as well as an estimation of Ti content as a function of layer thickness.
Comparison of Capillary Electrophoresis and Liquid Chromatography for Determination of Sulfonylurea Herbicides in Soil (1999)

Abstract Two analytical methods developed for degradation studies in soil were compared for the simultaneous determination of sulfonylurea herbicides. The compounds were extracted with phosphate buffer from soil samples after purification and enrichment steps by solid-phase extraction. Samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE) with UV detection. Amidosulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorsulfuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, nicosulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, sulfometuron-methyl, thifensulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron, and tribenuron-methyl were separated within 90 and 35 min by LC and CE, respectively. Average recoveries, determined with LC for 5 sulfonylureas in 1–100 μg/kg soil ranged from 74 to 103%, and those determined with CE for 10 sulfonylureas in 2-20 μg/kg soil ranged from 87 to 105%. Bensulfuron-methyl was recovered at lower levels of 52%. The limits of quantitation were 1.0 and 2.0 μg/kg soil for LC and CE, respectively. Coefficients of variation were higher for CE than for LC. Although both methods are suitable, the LC method, which is more sensitive and accurate than the CE method, is preferred for field studies. However, CE, which was shown to be faster with lower operating costs and unlimited repeatability of the analysis due to little injection volumes, is preferred for laboratory studies.
Waveform Measurements - The Load-Pull Aspect (2000)

An electronic load module (ELM) for a combined waveform and harmonic load-pull measurement system is presented which is based on an IQ modulator concept. A first realization of the ELM based on commercial ICs for 1.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz fundamental frequency is given. Several key application ranges of the measurement system are highlighted: Refinements in understanding device physics, modelling, model verification and direct nonlinear parameter extraction, and "waveform engineering". Some measurement examples are given.
Supplementary Data from A Targeted Thorium-227 Conjugate Demonstrates Efficacy in Preclinical Models of Acquired Drug Resistance and Combination Potential with Chemotherapeutics and Antiangiogenic Therapies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables and Supplementary Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Stabilizing Impacts in Force-Reflecting Teleoperation Using Distance-to-Impact Estimates (2000)

The level of force that can be stably reflected to the human operator in a force-reflecting teleoperator is constrained by the dynamics of impact between the slave arm and its environment. This paper models the underlying dynamics of impact and describes how the impact effects can be minimized using estimates of the distance between the slave and objects in its workspace. Our approach is based on stochastic variational principles and seeks to limit the momentum of the slave arm at impact. Preliminary experimental results show that the approach allows extension of the range of frequencies that can be stably reflected to the human operator.
Modulation of Macrophage and Microglial Responses to Axonal Injury in the Peripheral and Central Nervous Systems (1999)

Local CNS trauma and systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide can "prime" macrophages/microglia, resulting in an enhanced response to degenerating axons in the CNS. Such priming might prove useful in promoting axonal regeneration.
Conductive ATO‐acrylate nanocomposite hybrid coatings: Experimental results and modeling (2007)

Abstract The electrical volume conductivity σ of antimony‐doped tin oxide (ATO)–acrylate nanocomposite hybrid coatings was investigated. The relation between σ and the volume filler fraction p was analyzed for the ATO‐acrylate coatings containing ATO nanoparticles grafted with different amounts of 3‐methacryloxy‐propyl‐trimethoxy‐silane coupling agent. Percolation thresholds were observed at very low filler fractions (1–2 vol %) for the coatings containing ATO nanoparticles with a low amount of surface grafting. A modified effective medium approximation (EMA) model was introduced. This model takes into consideration different distances between adjacent semiconductive particles in the particle network. The model elucidates how self‐arrangement of the particles influences the location of the percolation threshold in the log σ − p plot. The modified EMA model can successfully explain the multiple transition behavior and the variable percolation thresholds found for the ATO‐acrylate nanocomposite hybrid coatings. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2147–2160, 2007
High-mobility copper (I) oxide thin films prepared by reactive dc magnetron sputtering for photovoltaic applications (2011)

Copper (I) oxide (Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O) is considered a promising material for low-cost photovoltaic applications. In this contribution, high-quality Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O films are prepared by reactive dc magnetron sputtering. We optimize deposition parameters to achieve pure Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O-phase thin films. We report the control of electrical, optical, and structural properties of the resulting films by varying the substrate temperature during film growth, and carefully controlling other growth parameters. We achieve a columnar grain structure with the large average grain size (884±373 nm) and high-mobility (62 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /V·s) at room temperature. All films exhibit an optical bandgap between 1.9 and 2.0 eV, and the samples grown at high temperature show enhanced optical transmission at wavelengths greater than 600 nm.
A Non-Aviation Ship Motion Data Base for the DD 963, CG 26, FF 1052 FFG 7 and and FF 1040 Ship Classes (1976)

Abstract : A generalized ship motion data base applicable to set of five non- aviation ships, i.e., the DD 963, CG 26, FF 1052, FFG 7, and FF1040 was developed. This Non-Aviation Ship Motion data base is stored on the David W. Taylor Naval Ship R and D Center CDC 6700 computer disk packs. The data base consists of an extensive frequency domain data base, a time domain data base selected from the frequency domain results, as well as the computer program to access and manipulate the data as required by specialized ship motion needs of various NAVAIR programs.
Analysis of Protein Stability and Ligand Interactions by Thermal Shift Assay (2015)

Purification of recombinant proteins for biochemical assays and structural studies is time-consuming and presents inherent difficulties that depend on the optimization of protein stability. The use of dyes to monitor thermal denaturation of proteins with sensitive fluorescence detection enables rapid and inexpensive determination of protein stability using real-time PCR instruments. By screening a wide range of solution conditions and additives in a 96-well format, the thermal shift assay easily identifies conditions that significantly enhance the stability of recombinant proteins. The same approach can be used as an initial low-cost screen to discover new protein-ligand interactions by capitalizing on increases in protein stability that typically occur upon ligand binding. This unit presents a methodological workflow for small-scale, high-throughput thermal denaturation of recombinant proteins in the presence of SYPRO Orange dye.
Guetzli: Perceptually Guided JPEG Encoder (2017)

Guetzli is a new JPEG encoder that aims to produce visually indistinguishable images at a lower bit-rate than other common JPEG encoders. It optimizes both the JPEG global quantization tables and the DCT coefficient values in each JPEG block using a closed-loop optimizer. Guetzli uses Butteraugli, our perceptual distance metric, as the source of feedback in its optimization process. We reach a 29-45% reduction in data size for a given perceptual distance, according to Butteraugli, in comparison to other compressors we tried. Guetzli's computation is currently extremely slow, which limits its applicability to compressing static content and serving as a proof- of-concept that we can achieve significant reductions in size by combining advanced psychovisual models with lossy compression techniques.