gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enabling Low-Complexity MIMO in FBMC-OQAM (2016)

Filter Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC) offers superior spectral properties compared to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), at the cost of imaginary interference, which makes the application of Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) more challenging. By spreading symbols in time (or frequency), we can completely eliminate the imaginary interference, so that all MIMO techniques known in OFDM can be straightforwardly applied in FBMC. The spreading process itself has low complexity because it is based on Hadamard matrices. Although spreading allows to restore complex orthogonality in FBMC within one transmission block, we observe interference from neighboring blocks. By including a guard timeslot, the signal-to-interference ratio can be further improved. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of a time-variant channel on such spreading approach. Finally, testbed measurements show the applicability of our FBMC based MIMO transmission scheme in real world environments.
Decision-Based Conceptual Design: Modeling and Navigating Heterogeneous Design Spaces (2005)

Information gathering and refinement are critical activities in conceptual design. A decision-based framework is developed consisting of three main components: a flexible, extensible design space model based on a Gaussian kernel which synthesizes information from design instances; expected value decision-making which focuses the design process on the most promising subspaces within this model; and information value theory which identifies uncertainty in the design evaluation whose reduction could redirect the design process. Together, these components form a normative method for conceptual design around a key process—the co-evolution of a design and the evaluation model used to quantify its value. Formalizing conceptual design toward reducing arbitrary design decisions and focusing attention on the most critical design concerns holds the potential to substantially improve both the process and product of design. The proposed methodology is demonstrated through an example in the domain of electric motor selection.
Subclass Knowledge Distillation with Known Subclass Labels (2022)

This work introduces a novel knowledge distillation framework for classification tasks where information on existing subclasses is available and taken into consideration. In classification tasks with a small number of classes or binary detection, the amount of information transferred from the teacher to the student is restricted, thus limiting the utility of knowledge distillation. Performance can be improved by leveraging information of possible subclasses within the classes. To that end, we propose the so-called Subclass Knowledge Distillation (SKD), a process of transferring the knowledge of predicted subclasses from a teacher to a smaller student. Meaningful information that is not in the teacher’s class logits but exists in subclass logits (e.g., similarities within classes) will be conveyed to the student through the SKD, which will then boost the student’s performance. Analytically, we measure how much extra information the teacher can provide the student via the SKD to demonstrate the efficacy of our work. The framework developed is evaluated in clinical application, namely colorectal polyp binary classification. It is a practical problem with two classes and a number of subclasses per class. In this application, clinician-provided annotations are used to define subclasses based on the annotation label’s variability in a curriculum style of learning. A lightweight, low-complexity student trained with the SKD framework achieves an F1-score of 85.05%, an improvement of 1.47%, and a 2.10% gain over the student that is trained with and without conventional knowledge distillation, respectively. The 2.10% F1-score gap between students trained with and without the SKD can be explained by the extra subclass knowledge, i.e., the extra 0.4656 label bits per sample that the teacher can transfer in our experiment. The SKD framework can benefit from using more information to increase student performance, but it comes at the expense of the availability of subclass labels.
Adaptive multi-domain thermal modeling and analysis for integrated circuit synthesis and design (2006)

Chip-package thermal analysis is necessary for the design and synthesis of reliable, high-performance, low-power, compact integrated circuits (ICs). Many methods of IC thermal analysis suffer performance or accuracy problems that prevent use in IC synthesis and hinder use in architectural design.
A data-driven sensor placement strategy for reconstruction of mode shapes by using recurrent Gaussian process regression (2023)

Current Optimal Sensor Placement (OSP) strategies for bridges mostly rely on data from a finite element model rather than from the real structure due to high cost in placing massive sensors for data collection. For large-scale bridges, however, it is difficult to formulate a precise model and thus the OSP strategies building upon a finite element model inevitably suffer from modelling errors. Besides, the finite element model cannot account for real measurement noise. Premised on the fact that it is not expensive to make in-situ trial measurements with a few sensors on a target bridge before deploying a structural health monitoring (SHM) system on it, a data-driven OSP strategy is proposed in this study which aims at accurately reconstructing mode shapes (to facilitate vibration-based structural damage detection) by using only a few vibration sensors to be included in the SHM system. The proposed OSP strategy is also applicable for the upgrade of a long-term SHM system currently deployed on a bridge, by using historical data collected from the current SHM system. To precisely reconstruct mode shapes, a two-stage OSP strategy in terms of Recurrent Gaussian Process Regression (RGPR) is developed, and its performance is validated on a simulation model and a real bridge. In the first stage, the greedy algorithm is leveraged to temporarily deploy sensors on the structure and train accurate RGPR models using the collected data, which are used to afford spatially complete mode shape data for optimization later. Starting from a few sensors temporarily deployed on the bridge, a one-by-one sensor adding procedure is performed to configure increasing sensors until the target is achieved. In the second stage, Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithm is pursued to obtain the globally optimal sensor placement solution, from which the temporarily deployed sensors can be re-configured to the optimum positions. Both the best sensor quantity and positions are obtained by the proposed OSP strategy.
Predicting CNN Learning Accuracy Using Chaos Measurement (2023)

Learning on entropy coded data has many benefits. First, it avoids decoding, but also it allows one to process compact data. However, this type of learning has been overlooked due to the chaos introduced by entropy coding functions. Indeed, convolution widely used in learning algorithm requires that the encoding function preserves the distance between pixel positions (spatial closeness), and the distance between pixel values (semantic closeness). Even if these two properties are not satisfied by entropy coding, we had shown previously that learning on entropy coded data is possible and that the accuracy depends on spatial and semantic closeness. In this paper, we quantify this dependence, and introduce a new metric, that measures the chaos in the data representation. This measure is easy to compute as it depends on the encoded data only. Moreover, this measures allows one to predict the accuracy of the learning algorithm, that process entropy coded data.
ChemInform Abstract: D‐Xylofuranose: Conversion to Its′ 3,5‐Oxetane via an Unusual Reductive Displacement of Phthalimide and Subsequent Regioselective Ring Opening. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
De Bruijn graph based 3D Network on Chip architecture design (2009)

Network on chip (NoC) is an on-chip communication methodology proposed to resolve the increased interconnection problem in system in chip (SoC). Since the three dimensional (3D) integrated circuit (IC) can offer shorter interconnection wire for network on chip, 3D NoC becomes an emerging research area in recent years. The architecture of 3D NoC is one of the most important and fundamental issues in 3D NoC research area, since it plays an important roll in network latency, throughput, power consumption, application mapping, and chip complexity. In this paper, we propose a new architecture based on De Bruijn graph for 3D NoC, since De Bruijn graph is a topology with small diameter, simple routing and high reliability. We evaluate this architecture with two Mesh based architectures. The simulation result shows that the De Bruijn graph based architecture can achieve smaller network latency than Mesh based architectures.
Aqueductal Stroke Volume: Comparisons with Intracranial Pressure Scores in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (2015)

Aqueductal stroke volume does not reflect intracranial pressure pulsatility or symptom score, but rather aqueduct area and ventricular volume. The results do not support the use of aqueductal stroke volume for selecting patients for shunting.
Variable Selection in QSAR Studies. II. A Highly Efficient Combination of Systematic Search and Evolution (1994)

Abstract Recently two evolutionary strategies for the derivation of regression models, a genetic function approximation and the mutation/ selection algorithm MUSEUM have been described. The MUSEUM (Mutation and Selection Uncover Models) algorithm starts from a model containing randomly chosen variables. Random mutation, first by addition or elimination of only one or very few variables, afterwards by simultaneous random additions, eliminations and/or exchanges of several variables at a time, leads to new models which are evaluated by an appropriate fitness function. Only the “fittest” model is stored and used for further mutation and selection, leading to better and better models. However, the fitness of all models with up to three X variables can be determined much faster by calculation of the correlation coefficients r y.ij and r y.ijk from the partial correlation coefficients r yi , r ij , r yj.j , r jk.i and r yk.ij . Using the Selwood data set (n = 31 compounds, k = 53 variables), it is demonstrated that systematic search is the best strategy for regression models with two or three X variables. The variables contained in the best three‐variable models can be selected for further investigation, using the evolutionary approach. With the exception of complex models, containing six and more variables, nearly all relevant regression models are found by this combination of systematic search with the mutation/selection algorithm MUSEUM; the results are obtained in considerably shorter time than by including all variables in the calculations. In addition, systematic search is also a valuable tool for variable selection prior to stepwise regression and PLS analyses.
CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT FOR A RESTRUCTURED PORK/SOY HULL PRODUCT1 (1991)

ABSTRACT Heat transfer coefficients, h, (J/cm 2 °C min) were determined for a pork/soy hull mixture during heating in a convection oven (142°C) with and without control of the dew point. Data were acquired by heat processing 5 stacked layers of product (10 × 10 × 1 cm) so that heat was only conducted into the top surface. One experiment was designed to determine h when the second layer from the top reached one of 6 temperatures: 20, 32, 44, 56, 68 and 77°C, with no control of the dew point. the second experiment determined h for 60 min of heating for 5 dew point levels: 6, 21, 31, 40 and 50°C. Without the control of humidity, values for h ranged from 0.0170–0.0366 J/cm 2 °C min. the heat transfer coefficient increased with temperature and heat processing time. Product yield and surface area ratios decreased as h increased. When relative humidity was controlled, values for h ranged from 0.0167–0.0270 J/cm 2 °C min, decreasing for dew points above 31°C.
Polymorphism of β-amyrin synthase gene (β-AS) influence the accumulation of triterpenes in licorice (2019)

Licorice is one of the most-frequently-used Chinese herbs. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), as the most important marker component in licorice, is biosynthesized by mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway and regulated by many key enzymes. Among them, β-amyrin synthase (β-AS) is responsible for the triterpene skeleton formation. In this paper, we tried to find out the influence of β-AS gene polymorphism on the GA biosynthesis. The contents of 18α-glycyrrhizic acid (18α-GA) and 18β-glycyrrhizic acid (18β-GA) in 60 licorice samples were assayed by HPLC. For the β-AS gene polymorphism analysis, six samples with high GA content and seven samples with low GA content were selected. Thirteen β-AS cDNA sequences were obtained and eleven haplotypes were determined. The full length of these β-AS cDNA sequences is 2289 bp, with a complete open reading frame (ORF), encoding 762 amino acid residues. Haplotype-3 was the major haplotype in the group with high GA content, while haplotype-8 was the major haplotype in the group with low GA content. The missense mutation sites between haplotype-3 and haplotype-8 were G/C at 104 bp and 106 bp, resulting in the mutations of serine/threonine at the 35th amino acid residue site and alanine/proline at the 36th amino acid residue site. The yeast expression vectors, GS115-BAS-3 and GS115-BAS-8, containing haplotype-3 or haplotype-8 were constructed, and later transformed into Pichia pastoris GS115 by electrotransformation, respectively. The catalytic efficiency of protein BAS-3 and BAS-8 expressed in the different recombinant P. pastoris GS115 strains were analyzed by GC–MS. It was showed that compared with BAS-8, BAS-3 had a higher catalytic activity. The relative expression analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the expression level of β-AS gene and the content of GA. We hope this paper will provide a basis for functional gene studies involved in the biosynthetic pathway of GA and high-quality cultivated licorice selection in the future.
The Utilization of Experimental Data in Modelling Hydraulic Single Stage Pressure Control Valves (1990)

Low-order nonlinear models for single stage pressure relief and pressure reducing valves are developed and subjected to experimental verification. The form of both models is postulated by an appeal to physical principles, but the parameter values are identified with the help of simple numerical methods using measured characteristic curves.
A database for management of AICD-patients (2003)

A user-friendly pacemaker management system (PatientLog), implemented on an IBM personal computer (AT), was adapted to facilitate the control of AICD (automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator) patients. Most parameters used for pacemakers are suitable for AICDs, while some new fields have been defined within the available frame of the database to cope with the specific technical information of AICDs. Patient cards, intervention cards, and follow-up cards are used in a way similar to that for pacemaker systems. Ten patients are now being followed with a total of 16 devices and more than 250 follow-ups. The graphical facilities of the system are very attractive and enhance correct decision-making during follow-up.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fiber‐Reinforced Diamond Matrix Composites (1993)

The feasibility of fiber‐reinforced diamond matrix composites was examined. For this purpose, monofilament composite specimens were fabricated using SiC fibers. The diamond was deposited onto the fibers using plasmae‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The mechanical properties of the composite were characterized using uniaxial tensile tests. The specimens exhibited multiple matrix cracking, followed by fiber fracture and fiber pullout. The measurements were used to obtain an estimate of the interface sliding stress and the in‐situ fiber strength.
Extracorporeal life support during PCI and TAVI procedures using Mini-ECMO systems (2012)

Aims: Circulatory arrest during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a severe complication and can lead to a procedural failure, thus increasing morbidity and mortality. If mechanical resuscitation becomes necessary, circulatory failure can progress to systemic hypoxic organ failure. Extracorporeal life support with a conventional heart and lung machine can be life-saving but it is frequently not rapidly available. We report on our experience using mini-ECMO (Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) systems for rapid life support in PCI and TAVI patients requiring circulatory assistance and gas exchange support.
Seismic Repair of Severely Damaged Precast Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Connected with Grouted Splice Sleeves (2016)

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Phase morphology development in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/ low density poly(ethylene) (LDPE) blends: compatibilizer precursors effect (2008)

In attempt to enhance the compatibility of PET/LDPE\nblends by using a proper functionalized polymer as\nthird component, diethyl maleate (DEM)-functionalized\nultralow density poly(ethylene) (ULDPE-g-DEM) and\nstyrene-b-(ethylene-co-1-butene)-b-styrene triblock copolymer\n(SEBS-g-DEM) were prepared by radical functionalization\nin the melt. Immiscible PET/LDPE blends\nhaving compositions of 70/30 and 80/20 by weight\nwere then extruded in the presence of 1–10% by\nweight of ULDPE-g-DEM and SEBS-g-DEM as compatibilizer\nprecursors and ZnO (0.3% by weight) as transesterification\ncatalyst. In both cases, evidences about\nthe occurring of compatibilization between the two immiscible\nphases, thanks to the studied reactive processes,\nwere obtained. Moreover, the phase distribution\nand particle size of blends were deeply investigated.\nCompletely different kinds of phase morphology\nwere achieved, as ULDPE-g-DEM stabilized a dispersed\nphase morphology, whereas SEBS-g-DEM favored\nthe development of a cocontinuous phase morphology.\nThe observed differences are tentatively explained\non the basis of reactivity and physical features of\npolymers.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOLYSIS OF ORGANOPOLYSILANES. PHOTOCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF PHENYLETHYNYLDISILANES (1982)

Abstract Die Photolysen der Phenylethinyldisilane (II), dargestellt wie aufgezeichnet aus dem Li‐Derivat von Phenylacetylen (I) und entsprechenden Chlorodisilanen, führen zu den extrem Luftempfindlichen 2‐Phenyl‐3‐silyl‐silacyclopropenen (III); daneben werden die Phenyl‐silylacetylene (IV) isoliert.
P2‐266: Early Versus Late Changes in White Matter Microstructure with Increasing Amyloid Deposition (2016)

Compared to cortical atrophy and amyloid deposition, dynamic white matter (WM) changes are a less recognized feature of early AD pathogenesis. We correlated changes in WM microstructural integrity in cognitively normal and mildly amnestic subjects to beta amyloid (Aβ) levels using simultaneous PET-MRI. Diffuson kurtosis imaging (DKI) with MRI is used to characterize the axonal water fraction (AWF) that appears a specific marker to axonal degeneration and demyelination. 33 subjects received 3-T integrated PET-MRI scans, each including a static 20-minute Florbetapir uptake PET image, anatomical MP-RAGE, and DKI acquisition. Hippocampal volume was segmented using Freesurfer. The standardized uptake values in 6 cortical regions normalized to the cerebellum, yielded cortical relative SUV (SUVr). DKI processing provided parametric maps of the radial diffusivity (RD), kurtosis (RK) and AWF. Using a lower and higher mean SUVr threshold of 1.0 and 1.1, subjects were categorized into Aβ negative (Aβ-) (n = 13, 5 females, age = 69.8 ± 5.1 yrs), Aβ intermediate (Aβi) (n = 13, 8 females, age = 68.9 ± 4.8 yrs), or Aβ positive (Aβ+) (n = 7, 4 females, age = 69.6 ± 4.7 yrs) . Using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of regions of interest (ROIs), significant changes in diffusion metrics were identified while co-varying for age. Results from both TBSS and ROI analysis demonstrated changes in the fornix and the genu of the corpus callosum. Between the Aβ- and Aβi groups, RD decreased, and RK and AWF increased. Conversely, between the Aβi and Aβ+ groups, RD increased RD, and RK and AWF decreased (Figure and Table). TBSS results showing group differences between Aβ- vs i (left), i vs + (center), and Aβ- vs +, for the RD, RK and AWF. Clusters of increased (red) and decreased (blue) are overlaid on the FA template, together with the mean skeleton (green). The observed differences in Aβ- vs i are in the opposite direction compared to those in Aβ i vs +.
Detection and Quantification of Fetal DNA in Maternal Plasma by Using LightCycler Technology (2008)

Since the demonstration of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal circulation, its aberrational quantification has been explored and demonstrated in numerous clinical situations. Moreover, several centers have begun to use detection and quantification of fetal DNA to diagnose fetal genetic status with high reliability, such as fetal RhD. One of the methods for analyzing cell-free fetal DNA is quantification by using LightCycler technology. With the advent of various fluorescent reporters and greater stability of kit's reagent, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction by using LightCycler technology is relatively simple and fast.
Identifying Locations for Targeted Advertising on the Internet (2001)

Due to steady erosion in the effectiveness of on-line advertising (e.g., banners and buttons placed at frequently visited sites), on-line businesses need to target their ad campaigns more precisely to reach the segments they are interested in. This paper examines the issue of how to identify ideal paid advertising, banner exchange, or affiliate partner locations, and proposes a model based on consumer search behavior. Calibrated with data obtained from searches for information in 18 different categories, the model allows for heterogeneity by permitting consumers to belong to different segments that have idiosyncratic search points and thresholds. It also includes a segment-membership function, specified in terms of consumer demographics, that can be used to identify the demographics associated with different focal groups.