gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella from Migratory Brown-Headed Cowbirds ( Molothrus ater ), Common Grackles ( Quiscalus quiscula ), and Cattle Egrets ( Bubulcus ibis ) (2014)

Zoonotic enteric pathogenic bacteria can live in the intestinal tract of birds and can be transmitted to food animals or humans via fecal contact. In the present study, cecal samples were collected from 376 migratory birds from species often associated with cattle during the fall migration in the Central Flyway of the United States. Brown-headed cowbirds (n=309, Molothrus ater), common grackles (n=51, Quiscalus quiscula), and cattle egrets (n=12, Bubulcus ibis) contained foodborne pathogenic bacteria in their ceca. Salmonella enterica was isolated from 14.9% of all samples, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 from 3.7%. Salmonella serotypes isolated included the following: Muenster, Montevideo, and Typhimurium. Our data suggest that migratory birds associated with cattle could be a vector for zoonotic enteric pathogenic bacteria to be disseminated across long distances.
Whispering-gallery-mode laser at 156  μm excited by a fiber taper (2001)

We report the observation of whispering-gallery-mode lasers based on Er(3+) -doped ZBLAN microspheres coupled with half-tapered and tapered optical fibers. A multimode lasing effect is observed at 1.56mu when the taper diameters are properly adjusted so that their fundamental propagation constants match those of the resonant modes of interest. Overlap between the pump and the laser geometrical modes is optimized by pumping at 1.48mu .
SmartPDR: Smartphone-Based Pedestrian Dead Reckoning for Indoor Localization (2014)

Indoor pedestrian tracking extends location-based services to indoor environments where GPS signal is rarely detected. Typical indoor localization method is Wi-Fi-based positioning system, which is practical showing accuracy and extending coverage. However, it involves significant costs of installing and managing wireless access points. A practical indoor pedestrian-tracking approach should consider the absence of any infrastructure or pretrained database. In this paper, we present a smartphone-based pedestrian dead reckoning, SmartPDR, which tracks pedestrians through typical dead reckoning approach using data from inertial sensors embedded in smartphones. SmartPDR does not require any complex and expensive additional device or infrastructure that most existing pedestrian tracking systems rely on. The proposed system was implemented on off-the-shelf smartphones and the performance was evaluated in several buildings. Despite inherent localization errors from low-cost noisy sensors and complicated human movements, SmartPDR successfully tracks indoor user's location, which is confirmed from the experimental results with reasonable location accuracy. Indoor pedestrian tracking system using smartphone inertial sensors can be a promising methodology validating its practical usage through real deployment.
Regularities in the consumption of the initial reactants in various kinetic regimes (2016)

Using hydrogen oxidation as an example, it is demonstrated that, when gas ignition is prevented by means of inhibition, there is practically no consumption of the initial reactants because reaction chains do not form for lack of time and the rates of intermolecular reactions are insignificant. When the propagating flame and detonation wave are partially suppressed, the inhibitor is consumed only in chain termination reactions involving reactive intermediate species. Oxygen is additionally consumed in its reactions with products of incomplete inhibitor conversion.
Platinum Anticancer Drug Binding to DNA Detected by Thickness-Shear-Mode Acoustic Wave Sensor (1995)

Nucleic acid has been attached to the electrodes of thickness-shear-mode acoustic wave devices to produce a biosensor for platinum-based drugs. The decreases in series resonant frequency for interactions of DNA with both cis- and transplatin are indicative of two distinct kinetic processes. The results of a kinetic analysis are interpreted in terms of nucleic acid binding of the hydrolysis products of the two drugs. Concentration-dependent decreases of series resonant frequency show that the limit of detection for the drugs is approximately 10(-7) M. Motional resistance changes for nucleic acid-drug interactions also convey information regarding the chemistry of the macromolecules at the interface.
S-Alkylthioisothioureas. I (1970)

S-Alkylthioisothioureas (I) have been synthesized by the reaction of thiols, thiourea and hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions at low temperatures. Unsymmetrical disulfides could be obtained by the reaction of I with various thiols.
Frame-free dynamic digital vision (2008)

Conventional image sensors produce massive amounts of redundant data and are limited in temporal resolution by the frame rate. This paper reviews our recent breakthrough in the development of a high- performance spike-event based dynamic vision sensor (DVS) that discards the frame concept entirely, and then describes novel digital methods for efficient low-level filtering and feature extraction and high-level object tracking that are based on the DVS spike events. These methods filter events, label them, or use them for object tracking. Filtering reduces the number of events but improves the ratio of informative events. Labeling attaches additional interpretation to the events, e.g. orientation or local optical flow. Tracking uses the events to track moving objects. Processing occurs on an event-by-event basis and uses the event time and identity as the basis for computation. A common memory object for filtering and labeling is a spatial map of most recent past event times. Processing methods typically use these past event times together with the present event in integer branching logic to filter, label, or synthesize new events. These methods are straightforwardly computed on serial digital hardware, resulting in a new event- and timing-based approach for visual computation that efficiently integrates a neural style of computation with digital hardware. All code is open- sourced in the jAER project (jaer.wiki.sourceforge.net).
Komodo dragon-inspired synthetic peptide DRGN-1 promotes wound-healing of a mixed-biofilm infected wound (2017)

Cationic antimicrobial peptides are multifunctional molecules that have a high potential as therapeutic agents. We have identified a histone H1-derived peptide from the Komodo dragon (<i>Varanus komodoensis)</i>, called VK25. Using this peptide as inspiration, we designed a synthetic peptide called DRGN-1. We evaluated the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of both peptides against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. DRGN-1, more than VK25, exhibited potent antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity, and permeabilized bacterial membranes. Wound healing was significantly enhanced by DRGN-1 in both uninfected and mixed biofilm (<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>)-infected murine wounds. In a scratch wound closure assay used to elucidate the wound healing mechanism, the peptide promoted the migration of HEKa keratinocyte cells, which was inhibited by mitomycin C (proliferation inhibitor) and AG1478 (epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor). DRGN-1 also activated the EGFR-STAT1/3 pathway. Thus, DRGN-1 is a candidate for use as a topical wound treatment. Wound infections are a major concern; made increasingly complicated by the emerging, rapid spread of bacterial resistance. The novel synthetic peptide DRGN-1 (inspired by a peptide identified from Komodo dragon) exhibits pathogen-directed and host-directed activities in promoting the clearance and healing of polymicrobial (<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> & <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) biofilm infected wounds. The effectiveness of this peptide cannot be attributed solely to its ability to act upon the bacteria and disrupt the biofilm, but also reflects the peptide's ability to promsote keratinocyte migration. When applied in a murine model, infected wounds treated with DRGN-1 healed significantly faster than did untreated wounds, or wounds treated with other peptides. The host-directed mechanism of action was determined to be via the EGFR-STAT1/3 pathway. The pathogen-directed mechanism of action was determined to be via anti-biofilm activity and antibacterial activity through membrane permeabilization. This novel peptide may have potential as a future therapeutic for treating infected wounds.
TOA UWB Positioning with Two Receivers Using Known Indoor Features (2010)

Ultra-Wideband is an attractive technology for short range positioning, especially indoors. However, for normal Time of Arrival (ToA) positioning, at least three receivers with unblocked direct path to the transmitter are required. A requirement that is not always met. In this work, a novel algorithm for ToA positioning using only two receivers is presented. This is possible by exploiting the knowledge of some of the indoor features, namely positions of big flat reflective surfaces, for example ceiling and walls. The proposed algorithm was tested using data from a measurement campaign.
DYNAMIC MOTION OF THE FLOOR PAN AND AXIAL LOADING THROUGH THE FEET IN FRONTAL CRASH TESTS (1995)

Data from frontal crash tests involving a Ford Taurus in various configurations were examined: (1) to characterize the dynamic response of the floor pan and the brake pedal during impact; and (2) to associate their behaviour with the axial loads transmitted through the dummy feet. Analysis of the data from these crash tests suggests that there are floor pan acceleration pulses of high amplitude and short duration which are associated with small floor pan intrusion and high distal tibia axial loads. Conversely, there are floor pan acceleration pulses of low amplitude and long duration which are associated with large floor pan intrusion and low distal tibia axial loads. The axial loads measured by the load cells just above the ankles in the dummies were highly correlated with the peak acceleration of the floor pan or brake pedal. However, these axial loads did not correlate well with the amount of floor pan/brake pedal intrusion. Occupant simulations using crash pulses identified in the actual crashes suggested that compressive axial loading through the ankle can be reduced by including several centimeters of suitable energy absorbing padding on the floor pan. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 896323.
Operandocharacterization of batteries using x-ray absorption spectroscopy: advances at the beamline XAFS at synchrotron Elettra (2017)

International audience; X-ray absorption spectroscopy is a synchrotron radiation based technique that is able to provide information on both local structure and electronic properties in a chemically selective manner. It can be used to characterize the dynamic processes that govern the electrochemical energy storage in batteries, and to shed light on the redox chemistry and changes in structure during galvanostatic cycling to design cathode materials with improved properties. Operando XAS studies have been performed at beamline XAFS at Elettra on different systems. For Li-ion batteries, a multiedge approach revealed the role of the different cathode components during the charge and discharge of the battery. In addition, Li-S batteries for automotive applications were studied. Operando sulfur K-edge XANES and EXAFS analysis was used to characterize the redox chemistry of sulfur, and to relate the electrochemical mechanism to its local structure.
Leaky CPW-based slot antenna arrays for millimeter-wave applications (2002)

A uniplanar leaky-wave antenna (LWA) suitable for operation at millimeter-wave frequencies is introduced. Both unidirectional and bidirectional versions of the antenna are presented. The proposed structure consists of a coplanar waveguide fed linear array of closely spaced capacitive transverse slots. This configuration results in a fast-wave structure in which the n=0 spatial harmonic radiates in the forward direction. Since the distance, d, between adjacent elements of the array is small d/spl Lt//spl lambda//sub o/, the slot array essentially becomes a uniform LWA. A comprehensive transmission line model is developed based upon the theory of truncated periodic transmission lines to explain the operation of the antenna and provide a tool for its design. Measured and simulated radiation patterns, directivity, gain, and an associated loss budget are presented for a 32-element antenna operating at 30 GHz. The uniplanar nature of the structure makes the antenna appropriate for integration of shunt variable capacitors such as diode or micro-electromechanical system varactors for fixed frequency beam steering at low-bias voltages.
Assistance in MSD Research and Development: Part 2, Full scale field testing at mining operations: Final report (1988)

Full scale and field testing of a simple mechanical stemming aid is described. The aid comprises a solid unit placed in the stemming above the explosive column and is designed to improve blasting efficiency and reduce drilling and blasting costs. It is designed to work with back filled drill cuttings or any other suitable stemming material. The results of Phase I testing were highly successful, indicating that the stemming aid has technically an extremely good chance of success at full scale when constructed of low cost materials. Phase II of the stemming aid research and development program comprised of the testing of various forms of the stemming is at full scale in non-research oriented i.e. field settings. The stemming aid was field tested at 4 different sites for a variety of mining application: First in underground workings at the UMR experimental mine in one and three quarter inch diameter horizontal blast holes incorporated into full blast patterns; three and three and a half inch blast holes at two crushed rock/limestone quarries in the Rolla area and at a surface coal mine operation run by Peabody Coal Company at Lynnville, Indiana in which nine and seven eighths, ten and five eighthsmore » and fifteen and a quarter inch diameter blast holes were used for parting and overburden removal. 2 refs., 37 figs., 11 tabs.« less
Total synthesis of asymmetric flavonoids: the development and applications of 13C-labelling (2002)

This article compiles our results in the field of flavonoid chemistry with the aim to synthesise isotopically labelled products. Two strategies (C 6 + C 3 –C 6 vs C 6 –C 2 + C 1 –C 6 ) and some organometallic (Pd 0 , Mo IV ) couplings were explored to build the C 6 –C 3 –C 6 flavonoid skeleton. Following this work, the gram scale has been reached in addition to the asymmetry of the targeted natural flavan-3-ols, i.e. (+)-catechin, (–)-epicatechin, and (–)-procyanidin B3. These characteristics were necessary in the event of using these molecules for pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies in human beings.
Investigating shape-memory alloys and composites with neutron-diffraction techniques (2003)

Abstract As the name suggests, the shape-memory effect refers to a phenomenon wherein a material when mechanically deformed and then heated “remembers” and returns to its preset shape. Associated with this behavior is the superelastic/ pseudoelastic effect whereby large and completely recoverable strains are generated (i.e., the strains are generated and recovered mechanically rather than thermally). Both of these effects are associated with “martensite” transformation, a first-order displacive transformation usually related to the hardening of steel. When a nickel-titanium (NiTi) shapememory alloy is mechanically loaded, a stress-induced cubic (austenite) phase to monoclinic (martensite) phase transformation can result in macroscopic strains as high as 8%. On unloading, the martensite becomes unstable and transforms back to austenite with a concomitant macroscopic strain recovery. This phenomenon is called the superelastic/pseudoelastic effect and finds application in, for example, mobile phone antennae, cardiovascular stents, and guidewires [11. By recording neutron-diffraction spectra during external loading, we can investigate this reversible stress-induced austenite-to-martensite transformation in situ. Such data can provide quantitative phase-specific information on the elastic strain, texture, and volume-fraction evolution. The basic principle of such measurements for strain determination involves using the lattice-plane spacing of grains within the crystal structure as internal strain gauges. For texture, the relative intensities of the diffraction peaks are considered, and for phase volume fraction, an integrated intensity of peaks corresponding to a specific phase is used.
Sync-Pumped Femtosecond OPO Based on Dispersion-Engineered Nanophotonic PPLN with 3-Octave Spectrum (2022)

We demonstrate an ultra-high-gain sync-pumped OPO using a dispersion-engineered lithium niobate nanowaveguide in a free-space cavity with minimal spectral dependence. It generates a three-octave-wide spectrum from visible to mid-IR with only 4.5 pJ of pump.
Contribution of a Trunk Accelerometer System to the Characterization of Gait in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Parkinson's Disease (2015)

Gait quantified by a trunk accelerometer may provide clinically useful information for the screening and follow-up of PD patients.
A modified mouse air pouch model for evaluating the effects of compounds on granuloma induced cartilage degradation (1988)

1. Employing rat femoral head cartilage implanted in a 6 day old mouse air pouch, the effects of inflammatory stimuli (i.e. cotton pellets, carrageenan, zymosan) on the loss of proteoglycan and collagen and granuloma formation have been studied. 2. Wrapping of the cartilage in cotton resulted in granuloma formation with accelerated loss of proteoglycan and collagen over the 14 day implantation period. The amount of loss increased with increasing weight of cotton. 3. The effects of different classes of anti-rheumatic drugs on granuloma formation and proteoglycan and collagen loss from cotton wrapped femoral head cartilage in the mouse air pouch have been studied. 4. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) had no influence on granuloma formation, but in general accelerated the rates of proteoglycan and collagen loss. 5. Dexamethasone and prednisolone significantly reduced granuloma formation and had a marked protective effect on cartilage breakdown. 6. Of the slow acting anti-rheumatic drugs examined, only gold sodium thiomalate (GSTM) and dapsone significantly decreased cartilage loss, with an accompanying modest decrease in granuloma formation. 7. The immunosuppressants cyclophosphamide and methotrexate, but not azathioprine, reduced cartilage degradation, but had no effect on granuloma formation. 8. The results for the different classes of anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drugs are discussed in relation to their effects in other animal models and their reported therapeutic activities in man. It is concluded that the mouse air pouch method as described offers advantages as an animal model over existing procedures to predict therapeutic efficacy in man.
La ecología profunda y el Popol Vuh (2004)

«Deep Ecology» represents a current of thought which surpasses the anthropocentric leaning of traditional ecological movements and brings into play the global dimension of the problem. The general systemic theory, the holonistic worldview and the GAIA hypothesis open unsuspected possibilities in the field of interdisciplinary research and permit a reading of the Popol Vuh from the analogy of its own revolutionary ideas. Even today, many of Spanish America's ecological needs and impulses are structured around images or narratives taken from the mythical indigenous world and particularly from the Popol Vuh, the most important work of the mythical indigenous literature from the Mayan area. The unique myths of this ancient culture fashion in their literature a new encounter between the human being and an Earth which is seen as a living being, organically formed as a principle of biological, intelligent unity.
Partition Coefficients (Iog P) and HPLC Capacity Factors (k') of Some Gd(III) Complexes of Linear and Macrocyclic Polyamino Carboxylates (1994)

Abstract The partition coefficients (log P) in n-butanol/water and n-octanol/water together with the HPLC capacity factors (k') in 2% and 4% acetonitrile (ACN) and aqueous buffered mobile phase were determined for 21 Gd(III) chelates of linear and macrocyclic polyamino carboxylates. A C18 reversed-phase (Nucleosil) column was used for determination of k'. The log P values were calculated (clog P) for the fully protonated form of the ligands. A reasonably good correlation (r = 0.76) between the measured log P values for the chelates in n-butanol/water and the calculated log P values for the ligands was observed. In general, the log P value in n-butanol/water for a chelate was 1.3 log unit different than that in n-octanol/water. The k' values in 2% and 4% acetonitrile/aqueous buffer were also correlated with measured log P values.
Quantification of sifuvirtide in monkey plasma by an on‐line solid‐phase extraction procedure combined with liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (2005)

A simple, automated and rapid method has been developed for the determination of a novel antiviral peptide sifuvirtide in monkey plasma. Raw plasma samples were directly loaded onto an on-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) column, which removes the time-consuming and laborious sample pretreatment. Following a timed valve-switching event, the analyte was eluted on-line to a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) column and subsequently introduced into a linear ion trap mass spectrometer, LTQ-MS, via an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface. The multiply charged peptides were specified and quantitatively analyzed using selective reaction monitoring (SRM). A highly pure four iodine-sifuvirtide was synthesized using an optimized iodogen method and proved to be a suitable internal standard (IS). A single analysis run takes about 18 min. Validation of the method demonstrated that the linear calibration curves covered the range of 4.88-5000 ng/mL, and the correlation coefficients were above 0.9923. The limit of detection (LOD) with the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio higher than 12 was calculated as 1.22 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-batch precisions were less than 12.7% and 9.1%, and the mean accuracy ranged from -5.2% to 3.6%, respectively. Any carry-over effect from the system was negligible. In a pharmacokinetic (PK) study of sifuvirtide after a single intravenous or subcutaneous dose in monkeys, the on-line SPE-LC/MS/MS system was successfully utilized to determine hundreds of samples with only one extraction column, which indicated the feasibility and the reliability of this method for application in preclinical and clinical PK studies of peptide drugs.
Interaktive Exploration von multiphasigen, mineralischen Werkstoffen mittels Computertomographie (2008)

Kurzfassung. Als Ansatz fur die interaktive Exploration von inhomogenen Datensatzen von mineralischen Werkstoffen wurde Direct Volume Rendering unter Verwendung von mehrdimensionalen Transferfunktionen gewahlt, da bei eindimensionalen Transferfunktionen alle Positionen im Volumen mit derselben Dichte identisch dargestellt werden. Um aber Materialubergange gezielt darstellen zu konnen, ist es notwendig, uber die Dichte hinausgehende Eigenschaften des Volumens mit zu berucksichtigen. Es werden zwei unterschiedliche Methoden vorgestellt: Die Dichte/Gradienten-Transferfunktion, bei der der Grauwert und der Gradient als Parameter der Transferfunktionsdefinition verwendet werden, und die neuartige Merkmalsgrosen-Transferfunktion, die mittels der Parameter Grauwert und Merkmalsgrose, die aus einem Region Growing erhalten wird, definiert wird. Beide Transferfunktionstypen lassen sich sehr gut fur die Exploration und anschliesende Quantifizierung von Unganzen einsetzen, wobei jede Methode gewisse Vorzuge bietet, die im Rahmen dieses Beitrags naher erlautert werden.