gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract P1-08-21: Detection and monitoring of circulating endothelial cells, circulating tumor cells and disseminated tumor cells during neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment including bevacizumab (2013)

Abstract Background: Results from studies with bevacizumab in addition to traditional neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) indicate a need for predictive biomarkers. As a sub-study of the NeoAva study (a neoadjuvant study), the aim was to investigate the potential association between the presence of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) in peripheral blood (PB), circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in PB and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in bone marrow (BM) at different time points during NAT +/- bevacizumab and at one year follow-up, and therapy response. Patients and methods: A total of 150 HER2-negative patients with cT2-4 (≥ 2.5cm) N0-3 M0 status were randomized to receive NAT with or without bevacizumab. In this sub-study, 90 patients have so far been analyzed. Of these, 82 received chemotherapy (FEC100→taxane) and 8 received endocrine therapy (letrozole) + / - bevacizumab. Therapy response was evaluated according to the RECIST criteria and achievement of pathological complete response (pCR). Number of CECs, CTCs and DTCs were assessed at baseline after 12 weeks, at surgery (after 24 weeks) and at one year follow-up. Blood samples were analyzed by CellSearch® to assess CEC and CTC counts. The detection of DTCs was performed by immunocytochemical analysis of 2 × 106 BM mononuclear cells. Results: The pathological complete response rate was 10 out of 90 (11.1%), eight of these patients received bevacizumab. For bevacizumab-treated patients with a change in CEC counts from baseline to time of surgery below median change (27 CECs), 35% (6/17) achieved pCR compared to 6% (1/18) in the group with a CEC count-increase above median change (p = 0.035). The corresponding pCR rates for patients not receiving bevacizumab (median CEC change 131 CECs) were 0% (0/15) and 13% (2/14), respectively. Stepwise testing of thresholds for CEC changes in the bevacizumab-arm revealed significant associations to pCR for change-values between 20 and 40. CTC- and DTC-status or -changes were not associated with tumor response or CEC changes. Conclusion: The presented results indicate that the level of change in the number of circulating endothelial cells during neoadjuvant therapy including bevacizumab is associated with the pathological complete response rate in breast cancer patients. This supports additional testing of CECs as a surrogate marker for response to this treatment. The analyses will be up-dated with results from the rest of the included patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-08-21.
Implementation and Validation of a Three-dimensional Cardiac Motion Estimation Network (2019)

The proposed deep learning-based approach for three-dimensional cardiac motion estimation allowed the derivation of a motion model that balances motion characterization and image registration accuracy and achieved motion estimation accuracy comparable to or better than that of several state-of-the-art image registration algorithms.© RSNA, 2019<i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i>
Prediction of the Permeation Performance of a Candidate Space Docking Seal (2014)

The preservation of air in manned spacecraft is the utmost priority in space seal research and development. Novel elastomeric space seals were developed by NASA for future spacecraft. Because a comprehensive prediction methodology was lacking in previous seal research, the design process for these elastomeric space seals had relied heavily on prior knowledge and experimental studies. Recent developments in a compressible permeation method for space seals afforded the ability to predict leak rates for realistic silicone elastomeric space seals. The objective of the research presented herein was to provide a measure of computational validation, comparing experimental referents with corresponding computational predictions. Experimental measurements of a subscale space seal constructed with elastomer compound S0383-70 were performed at two operating temperatures ( and ) and two levels of closure (40 and 100%). The computational technique included a finite difference technique using a curvilinear, body-fitted grid and pseudo-time-stepping to reach steady state. The leak rate performance of the seal was then calculated from a mass flux summation at domain boundaries. The computational analysis showed sound correlation with the experimental measurements at 40% closure because the predicted leak rate values were within the bounds of the experimental uncertainty. At 100% closure, the predicted leak rates were within 16% of the corresponding experimental observations. Differences were attributed to inaccuracies of the domain and the fidelity of the model.
Malignant pleural mesothelioma: value of CT and MR imaging in predicting resectability. (1992)

CT and MR provided similar information on resectability in most cases. Sensitivity was high for both procedures. Because CT is more widely available and used, we suggest it as the initial study when determining resectability. In difficult cases, important complementary anatomic information can be derived from MR images obtained before surgical intervention.
Incorporation of the 1-pro-R and 1-pro-S hydrogen atoms of ethanol in the reduction of acids in the liver of intact rats and in isolated hepatocytes (1985)

Ethanol oxidation causes redox effects. The coupling of this oxidation via NADH to intermediary metabolism was studied in order to reveal the underlying mechanisms. Isolated rat hepatocytes were incubated with [1,1-2H2]-, (1R)-[1-2H]- and (1S)-[1-2H]-ethanol and the 2H incorporation was measured in lactate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, fumarate, malate, succinate, alpha-oxoglutarate and citrate. The results differed in the following ways from results obtained in intact rats. Lactate became labelled to an increasing extent, and in more than one position, indicating labelling of pyruvate. A small and constant fraction of malate and fumarate was formed without access to [2H]coenzyme. Addition of aspartate increased this fraction, which was concluded to be formed in the mitochondria. Citrate was essentially unlabelled. The 2H from (1R)-[1-2H]ethanol contributed to malate to a larger extent and to beta-hydroxybutyrate to a smaller extent, and 2H from (1S)-[1-2H]ethanol contributed to lactate to a smaller extent. These results indicate that the exchange via shuttle system was less efficient in isolated hepatocytes than in intact rats. The 2H incorporation was independent of concentration of [1,1-2H2]ethanol when this was above 5mM. Additions known to increase ethanol elimination, and cyanamide, which decreases it, had no marked effect on the 2H incorporation. This indicates equilibration of the NADH bound to alcohol dehydrogenase with free NADH. Disulfiram and cyanamide caused a decrease in the relative incorporation from (1S)-[1-2H]ethanol into malate in liver of intact rats. Addition of cyanamide to incubations with hepatocytes resulted in a decrease of the contribution of 2H from (1S)-[1-2H]ethanol in lactate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and malate. This indicates that acetaldehyde was only oxidized in the mitochondrial compartment.
Study of a two-level flow control scheme and buffering strategies (2002)

This paper proposes using an explicit rate control together with a simple window control for flow control in high-speed networks with resource reservations. The design justifications, the evaluation study, and the implementation results are presented. In particular, the idea of hard ACK and soft ACK in the context of end-to-end flow control is explored through simulation and the results are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
On the performance of adaptive Gram-Schmidt algorithm for interference cancelling arrays (1991)

A detailed performance analysis of the least mean square (LMS) algorithm to update each stage of an adaptive Gram-Schmidt processor in interference cancelling adaptive arrays is presented. It is shown that although the number of adaptive weights in the processor is proportional to M/sup 2/. the total misadjustment contributed by weight jittering is proportional to only M, where M is the size of the processor. In absolute terms, the weight jittering noises do not accumulate as would be expected, but cancel one another out and decrease in magnitude as the optimal powers become smaller from one processing stage to the next. For optimal performance, the feedback factors used in the individual LMS loops should be normalized so that the amount of misadjustment contributed and the convergence time constant are the same for all processing stages. All the weights belonging to one processing stage must be adjusted in a synchronous manner with the same input vector. This synchronous updating requirement is essential for the cancellation of the jittering noises, although in situations where the weights are adaptively updated in a time-multiplexed manner, it may appear more efficient to update each weight based on the most current inputs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
1.55 /spl mu/m Mach-Zehnder Modulators on InP for Optical 40/80 Gbit/s Transmission Networks (2006)

We demonstrate excellent 40 Gbit/s operation of a packaged InP Mach- Zehnder-modulator with a low rms jitter of 730 fs. A modulator with 63 GHz on-chip bandwidth is shown as a step towards 80 Gbit/s transmission.
Summary of exchange perturbation calculations for H2 at large separations (2009)

This paper is a summary and appraisal of the recent work of the authors together with Kolos and Wolniewicz which applied four types of perturbation procedures to the calculation of the energy of the ground state and first excited state of the hydrogen molecule at large separations. All of the perturbation techniques gave good values for the exchange energy but less accurate values for the Coulombic energy. The reasons why the second-order Eisenschitz-London (or van der Avoird or Hirschfelder HAV) energy approaches one-half of the correct limit at large separations are discussed. There seems to be no uniqueness to the orders in an exchange perturbation problem.
Synthesis of the acidic dihydrogen complexes trans-[M(H2)(CN)L2]+ and trans-[M(H2)(CNH)L2]2+ where M = Fe, Ru, Os and L = dppm, dppe, dppp, depe, and dihydrogen substitution by the trifluoromethanesulfonate anion to give trans-[Ru(OTf )(CN)L2] or trans-[Ru(OTf )(CNH)L2]OTf † (1999)

Very acidic complexes trans-[M(η2-H2)(CN)L2]+ and trans-[M(η2-H2)(CNH)L2]2+, with the dihydrogen ligand trans to the cyanide or to the hydrogen isocyanide ligand, are generated by reaction of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (HOTf) with hydrido(cyano) complexes of Fe(II), Ru(II) and Os(II). The use of the different metals and phosphines (dppm = [bis(diphenylphosphino)methane], dppe = [1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane], dppp = [1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane], and depe = [1,2-bis(diethylphosphino)ethane]) as ancillary ligands influences the stability and the reactivity of these complexes. The iron and osmium complexes are more stable than the ruthenium complexes that lose the dihydrogen ligand and coordinate the trifluoromethanesulfonate anion. The crystal structure of trans-[Ru(OTf)(CN)(dppe)2] is reported. The Ru–OTf bond is weak and so the triflate ligand can be displaced by H2(g) to give trans-[Ru(η2-H2)(CN)L2]OTf. There is a delicate balance of stability between the complexes trans-[M(η2-H2)(CN)L2]+ and trans-[M(H)(CNH)L2]+, M = Fe, Ru, determined by electronics and hydrogen bonding, both classical (CNH· · ·OTf–, TfOH· · ·OTf–) and non-classical (MH2· · ·OTf–). Therefore isomerisation reactions between these forms are observed for the first time. In order to determine where the protonation occurs it is useful to use a cyanide group labeled as C15N or 13CN. It is significant that the very acidic dihydrogen complex trans-[Ru(η2-H2)(CNH)L2]OTf is observed to form from the reaction of the weak Brønsted acids H2 and trans-[Ru(OTf)(CNH)L2]OTf in CH2Cl2; the dihydrogen complex releases HOTf. The chemistry is of possible relevance to the action of iron-containing hydrogenases.
Experiments on a new hollow fiber membrane for immuno isolated transplantation of islets of Langerhans. (1990)

Immunoisolated transplantation of xenogeneic islets could solve problems concerning the immunology of islet transplantation. This study presents results from in vitro and in vivo experiments in rodents by the use of a PEEK-hollow fiber. Glucagon secretion of encapsulated islets during a 48-hour-culture period sustained on the same level from day 2 to 28. There were no significant differences in glucose (16.7 mmol/l)-stimulated insulin release after 6, 14 or 28 days in culture. Contrary, intraperitoneal transplantation of 800 encapsulated islets resulted in a normoglycemia of 3.8 days (medium survival time) which was similar to that of not encapsulated controls. It was concluded that a more open ultrastructure of the membrane tested could result in a minimization of the diffusion distance and overcome principle geometric problems of the hollow fiber model.
Resistance to apoptosis and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in a human adenocarcinoma cell line HT29 CL.19A. (1998)

Using HT29 cl.19A cells (untransfected cells), we found that intrinsic or constitutive COX-2 expression in adenocarcinoma cell line was associated with spontaneous resistance to apoptosis.
« Les mesures provisoires de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme : un nouvel instrument au service du juge de l’urgence » (2010)

International audience
Uppströmsvandring i den restaurerade gamla älvfåran samt funktionskontroll av ny fisktrappa i Norrfors (Umeälven) under laxens vandringssäsong 2012-2013 (2013)

Rapporten sammanfattar 2012 och 2013 års funktionskontroll av fisktrappan samt uppföljning av restureringsåtgärder i Umeälvens nedre del. Lax fångades, märktes och släpptes nedströms utskovet vid dammen i Norrfors 2012 och i älvens mynningsområde vid Långhalsudden (Obbola) 2013. Under 2012 märktes 104 vilda laxar med aktiva radio- och passiva PIT-märken, samt 278 laxar som enbart märktes med PIT-märken. Under 2013 märktes 148 vilda laxar med både aktiva radio- och passiva PIT-märken, samt 216 vilda och 33 odlade laxar som enbart märktes med PIT-märken. Återvändande vuxenlax som tidigare PIT-märkts som smolt i Spöland eller i fiskodlingen inkluderades också i analyserna. Ett fenprov för DNA-analys togs från alla radiomärkta fiskar innan frisläppning för bestämning av laxens stamtillhörighet. 2012 hade ca 85 % av den märkta laxen Ume/Vindelälvsursprung, medan resterande lax hade en genetisk uppsättning som påminde om Luleälvslax trots intakt fettfena. 2013 befanns alla märkta laxar vara av Ume/Vindelälvsursprung. Radiomärkt fisk registrerades när de kom i närheten av fasta automatiska undervattens- eller luftantenner som placerats i sammanflödet, i den gamla älvfåran som restaurerats med vilpooler samt vid fisktrappan och uppströms i Vindelälven. PIT-märkt fisk detekterades när de passerade antenner som monterats i fisktrappans mellanväggar samt när de kom i närheten av den plattdetektor som installerades i Baggböleforsens nedre poolvägg 2013. All fisk som passerade fisktrappans övre del räknades via en sk VAKI utrustning.
Reactions of butane and isobutane catalysed by titanium oxide treated with sulphate ion. Solid superacid catalyst (1979)

M. Hino and K. Arata, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1979, 1148 DOI: 10.1039/C39790001148
MicroRNA-10 Regulates the Angiogenic Behavior of Zebrafish and Human Endothelial Cells by Promoting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling (2012)

Our study provides insights into how FLT1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 signaling is titrated in a microRNA-mediated manner and establishes miR-10 as a potential new target for the selective modulation of angiogenesis.
Komplexinduzierter Abbau von As4S4: Stabilisierung eines As2S3-Liganden (1986)

Erstmals konnte ein fast vollständiges AsS-Käfigmolekül als Komplexligand stabilisiert werden. Die photochemische Umsetzung von [C5Me5Co(CO)2] mit As4S4 liefert [(C5Me5)2 Co2As2S3] 1 mit einem „ Korb”︁ aus Cobalt,- Arsen- und Schwefelatomen (Homoprisman-Gerüst).
P450 CYP17A1 Variant with a Disordered Proton Shuttle Assembly Retains Peroxo‐Mediated Lyase Efficiency (2020)

Human cytochrome P450 CYP17A1 first catalyzes hydroxylation at the C17 position of either pregnenolone (PREG) or progesterone (PROG), and a subsequent C<sub>17</sub> -C<sub>20</sub> bond scission to produce dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or androstenedione (AD). In the T306A mutant, replacement of the Threonine 306 alcohol functionality, essential for efficient proton delivery in the hydroxylase reaction, has only a small effect on the lyase activity. In this work, resonance Raman spectroscopy is employed to provide crucial structural insight, confirming that this mutant, with its disordered proton shuttle, fails to generate essential hydroxylase pathway intermediates, accounting for the loss in hydroxylase efficiency. Significantly, a corresponding spectroscopic study with the susceptible lyase substrate, 17-OH PREG, not only reveals an initially trapped peroxo-iron intermediate experiencing an H-bond interaction of the 17-OH group with the proximal oxygen of the Fe-O<sub>p</sub> -O<sub>t</sub> fragment, facilitating peroxo- attack on the C<sub>20</sub> carbon, but also unequivocally shows the presence of the subsequent hemiketal intermediate of the lyase reaction.
The Regulation of NADPH Oxidase and Its Association with Cell Proliferation in Human Lens Epithelial Cells (2009)

PDGF mitogenic action in HLE B3 cells depends on p22phox to regulate NOX activity, which affects PDGF receptor function for cell proliferation.
[A review on group 2 innate lymphoid cells in airway inflammation]. (2016)

Inflammatory airway diseases, including allergic rhinitis and asthma, are type 2 immune responses induced by antigen presenting cells and T helper cells, resulting as a consequence of great recruitment of effect cells and release of cytokines. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells were originally described as a novel population of lineage negative cells and play an important role in the onset and progression of airway inflammation by producing the critical Th2-type cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 in response to epithelial cell derived IL-25, IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. Along with a better understanding of regulatory and effect mechanism, targeting ILC2s could be a potential therapeutic approach in inflammatory airway diseases.
Changes of the gene expression in silkworm larvae and Cordyceps militaris at late stages of the pathogenesis (2022)

Cordyceps militaris is an entomopathogenic fungus that forms its fruiting body. The gene expression change in C. militaris and silkworm larvae were analyzed using RNA-seq to investigate the relationship of C. militaris with the host, silkworm larvae before the death by mycosis. At 144 h after the injection of C. militaris conidia, genes encoding proteases, protease inhibitors, and cuticle proteins in the fat body of silkworm larvae were upregulated, but genes encoding lipoproteins and other proteins in hemolymph were downregulated. On the other hand, at 168 h after the injection of C. militaris conidia, genes encoding amino acid and oligopeptide transporters and permeases in C. militaris were upregulated, suggesting that C. militaris may use peptides and amino acids in silkworm larvae as a nutrient to grow in vivo. Additionally, one gene cluster composed of genes putatively involved in the degradation of phenolic substrates was also upregulated. The addition of 4,5-dichlorocatechol, an inhibitor of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, inhibited the in vivo growth of C. militaris, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. These results also suggest that the expression of the gene cluster may be crucial for the in vivo growth of C. militaris and entomopathogenic fungi. This study will clarify how C. militaris grows in insect hosts by avoiding host's immune systems.
Discussion of the crossover method of interactive Genetic Algorithm for extracting multiple peaks on Kansei landscape (2012)

Interactive Genetic Algorithms (iGAs) are optimization techniques used to estimate customers' Kansei (Japanese term for computing that relates to human characteristics such as sensibility, perception, affection or subjectivity) because human subjective evaluations are replaced with the objective function of Genetic Algorithms (GAs). Applying iGAs to recommend a product to a customer is examined in our study. One of the requirements is to estimate multiple preferences of a user and reflect preferences in the recommended products shown to him or her. When users select their preferred products within a specific category, they might like various kinds of products. In our study, these preferences are defined as multimodal preferences. When searching products a user would want, the recommendation method displays the more favored products by considering this multimodal preference. Therefore, in this study, we discuss using an iGA to generate offspring by estimating and searching multiple peaks. Our proposed method estimates multiple peaks by clustering the parents that the customer has evaluated more favorably and generates the appropriate offspring by constructing the probabilistic model based on the distribution of parents within a cluster. We performed two experiments. In the first experiment, we confirmed that the participants of the experiment had multimodal preferences. In the second experiment, the participants operated one of two systems which implemented either the proposed method or conventional method. The comparison of results showed that the system that implemented the proposed method searched the participants' multimodal preferences more diversely than the system that implemented the conventional method.
Fractalkine modulates TNF-α secretion and neurotoxicity induced by microglial activation (2000)

Among the chemokine family, fractalkine shows unusual properties: it exists as a membrane-bound and soluble protein, and both fractalkine and its receptor CX3CR1 are expressed predominantly in the central nervous system. In rat cell culture models, the chemokine fractalkine was expressed in neurons and microglia, but not in astrocytes and its receptor exclusively localized to microglial cells, where its expression was downregulated by treatment with the bacterial endotoxin (LPS). In microglial cultures, LPS (10 ng/ml) induced a marked increase in the release of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The effects of LPS on TNF-α secretion were partially blocked (30%) by fractalkine and the effects of fractalkine were reversed by a polyclonal anti-fractalkine antibody. When microglial-associated fractalkine was neutralized by anti-fractalkine antibody, the LPS response was increased by 80%, suggesting tonic activation of microglial fractalkine receptors by endogenous fractalkine. The effects of the antibody were antagonized by the addition of fractalkine. LPS-activated microglia were neurotoxic when added to neuronal hippocampal culture, producing 20% neuronal death, as measured by NeuN-positive cell counting. An anti-fractalkine antibody produced neurotoxic effects of similar magnitude in this co-culture system and also markedly potentiated the neurotoxic effects of LPS-activated microglia (40% neuronal death). These results suggest that endogenous fractalkine might act tonically as an anti-inflammatory chemokine in cerebral tissue through its ability to control and suppress certain aspects of microglial activation. These data may have relevance to degenerative conditions such as multiple sclerosis, in which cerebral inflammatory processes may be activated. GLIA 29:305–315, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.