gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THRESHOLD SWITCHING AND THERMAL FILAMENTS IN AMORPHOUS SEMICONDUCTORS (1970)

Threshold switching in a thick specimen of an amorphous semiconductor was studied. With the aid of an infrared viewer, the existence of a thermal filament during switching was confirmed. By spectral analysis, the temperature of this filament was estimated to be between 650 and 800 °C. No crystals were observed in the nonoxide glass, either before or after switching had occurred.
Superconducting and structural properties of in-plane aligned a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films (1995)

We report the superconducting and structural properties of a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) films as a function of deposition temperature of PrBa2Cu3O7−x (PBCO) template layers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the orientation relationship in which the b axis of the PBCO template layers and the a axis of the YBCO films were normal to the LaSrGaO4 (100) substrate surface. In-plane aligned a-axis oriented YBCO films having a zero resistance temperature of 88 K and an anisotropy ratio of resistivity of 11.5 at 275 K were obtained on PBCO template layers deposited at 630 °C among the deposition temperatures ranging from 600 to 650 °C at intervals of 10 °C. The degree of in-plane alignment of the a-axis oriented YBCO films which was estimated by the ratio of relative intensity at 90° and 180° in the XRD φ scan of the (102) YBCO peak was 0.5, 0.045, and 0.053 for the films on PBCO templates deposited at 620, 630, and 640 °C, respectively. In conclusion, the deposition temperature of PBCO template layers is critical to fabricate the in-plane aligned a-axis oriented YBCO films on LaSrGaO4 (100) substrates.
An Automated Mechanism for Secure Input Handling (2009)

Numbers of the programs are poorly written, lacking even the most basic security procedures for handling input data from users. The input validation vulnerability can be detected by many tools but few tools can fix the flaws automatically. The security gateway can used to protect vulnerable Web sites immediately but it may induce false recognition through impersonal rule. By means of hybrid analysis and injection test, the vulnerable Web pages can be listed. Only those in vulnerable list need to be checked completely, so as to mitigate the system load and false positives effectively. Moreover an algorithm based on multilevel strategy is proposed producing individual sanitizing rule automatically for every vulnerable injection point. To meet the aim of automated validation, the enhanced crawler, the testing framework and the metaprograms are integrated into a sanitizing mechanism after we analyze the data flow. According to the experimental results, the mechanism has been proved to be a more effective scheme than those traditional input handling methods for mitigating malicious injection.
VAGINAL PROSTAGLANDIN E2 IN THE MANAGEMENT OF FETAL INTRAUTERINE DEATH (1978)

The results of a multicentre clinical trial of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) administered by the vaginal route in the management of intrauterine fetal death and missed abortion showed an overall efficacy of 97 per cent. The mean induction-abortion interval was 10.7 hours with a mean total dose of 60.4 mg of PGE2. Side effects were tolerated well and there was no evidence of significant alterations in hepatic or renal function.
Hydrogenation of Canola Oil in the Presence of Arene Chrome Carbonyl Complexes (1984)

Canola oil was hydrogenated using methyl benzoate-chromium tricarbonyl, benzene-chromium tricarbonyl and toluene-chromium tricarbonyl as catalysts. The effects of temperature, pressure and catalyst concentration on the specific isomerization index, linolenate selectivity, and hydrogenation activity were measured, and compared with that of commercial nickel catalysts. The hydrogenation products contained 75-86% monoenes, 6-16% dienes, and 0-5% trienes. The reaction did not produce stearates. The hydrogenation of canola oil with these catalysts produced 6.5% trans isomers at an Iodine value of 90, which is significantly lower than the 20-30% obtained in comparable nickel runs. The selectivity to monoenes, the absence of saturates and the presence of small amounts of conjugated dienes are consistent with the cisoid mechanism of hydrogenation. L’ hydrogénation de l'huile de canola a été réalisé à l'aide des catalyseurs benzoate méthylique — tricarbonyle de chrome, benzène — tricarbonyle de chrome et toluène-tricarbonyle de chrome. On a mesuré les effets de la température, de la pression et de la concentration du catalyseur sur l'indice d'isomérisation spécifique, sur la sélectivité du linolénate et sur l'activité d’ hydrogenation. Ces effets furent aussi comparés à ceux des catalyseurs au nickel du commerce. Les produits d’ hydrogenation contenèrent 75-86% de monoènes, 6-16% de diènes et 0-5% de triènes. La réaction n'a pas produit de Stearates. L’ hydrogénation de l'huile de canola avec ces catalyseurs produisit 6.5% d'isomères trans avec un indice d'iode de 90. Ceci est significativement plus faible que les 20-30% obtenus dans des essais comparables au nickel. La sélectivité aux monoènes, l'absence de saturés et la présence de petites quantités de diènes conjuguées sont en harmonie avec le mécanisme cisoid d’ hydrogenation.
ChemInform Abstract: ACYLKETENE‐S,S‐ AND ACYLKETENE‐S,N‐ACETALS AS BUILDING BLOCKS FOR HETEROCYCLES‐ PYRAZOLES AND ISOXAZOLES (1978)

Abstract Die S,S‐Acetale (Ia)‐(Id) reagieren mit Hydrazin‐hydrat zu den Pyrazolen (II).
Improved quantum efficiency in nonpolar (1120) AlGaN/GaN quantum wells grown on GaN prepared by lateral epitaxial overgrowth (2004)

Radiative and nonradiative excitonic transitions in nonpolar (112̄0) AlxGa1−xN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) grown on the GaN template prepared by lateral epitaxial overgrowth (LEO-GaN) were investigated. The structural advantages of using nonpolar orientations were confirmed by a moderate shift of the photoluminescence (PL) peak energy and negligible change in low-temperature PL lifetime with decreasing GaN well width, both of which are the results of eliminating quantum-confined Stark effects due to the polarization fields that exist in polar (0001) MQWs. Appearance of the correct in-plane light polarization and improved internal quantum efficiency for the PL peak in the MQWs on LEO-GaN were attributed to the reduction in densities of nonradiative defects and bound states.
Data partitioning strategies for graph workloads on heterogeneous clusters (2015)

Large scale graph analytics are an important class of problem in the modern data center. However, while data centers are trending towards a large number of heterogeneous processing nodes, graph analytics frameworks still operate under the assumption of uniform compute resources. In this paper, we develop heterogeneity-aware data ingress strategies for graph analytics workloads using the popular PowerGraph framework. We illustrate how simple estimates of relative node computational throughput can guide heterogeneity-aware data partitioning algorithms to provide balanced graph cutting decisions. Our work enhances five online data ingress strategies from a variety of sources to optimize application execution for throughput differences in heterogeneous data centers. The proposed partitioning algorithms improve the runtime of several popular machine learning and data mining applications by as much as a 65% and on average by 32% as compared to the default, balanced partitioning approaches.
Mixed vortex states of light as information carriers (2004)

An original method for encoding of information into the spatial structure of mixed vortex states of light is proposed. It is based on the creation of pseudo-nondiffracting vortex patterns representing a controllable superposition of optical vortices with different topological charges. Weight coefficients of the superposition serve as carriers of information. The different topological charges of the vortices are used as 'markers' enabling vortex spatial separation and information decoding. The proposed concept of information encoding is verified experimentally by means of a spatial light modulator.
[Experimental studies on the sealing properties of various kinds of root canal sealers in vitro (Part 3)]. (1989)

In previous studies (Shikwa Gakuho 80: 473-485, 1471-1486, 1980), the authors have reported on sealing properties in vitro. But the recent development of many new sealers makes necessary a detailed reexamination at this time. The experimental materials were as follows; Zinc oxide eugenol sealer......Canals Calcium hydroxide eugenol sealer......CRCS, Dentalis KEZ Calcium hydroxide guaiacol sealer......FR Hydroxyapatite sealer......Finapec APC, Apatite root sealer TYPE III The experimental procedure employing a glass tube and the dye-penetration method was similar to the one used in previous studies. Results of the investigation; 1. Degrees of dye penetration were classified into 3 types i) Immediate penetration through the zone between the material and the glass tube within 2 days.--Apatite root sealer TYPE III, Dentalis KEZ ii) Little penetration within 12 hours but gradual penetration to the deep zone thereafter.--CRCS, Canals iii) Slight penetration within 7 days and then gradual penetration 1/5 of the way through the zone between the material and the glass tube.--Finapec APC 2. Dye penetrated through the material in the case of apatite root sealer TYPE III and FR.
Computer extracted features of gland morphology on H&E surgically resected tissue images as predictive of biochemical recurrence and rate of expression in African American compared to Caucasian American men. (2017)

e16559 Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is 1.7 times more prevalent and 2.3 times more lethal in African American (AA) men than in Caucasian American (CA) men. Additionally there is a higher incidence (when controlling for relative population size) of more aggressive PCa in the AA compared to the CA population which has led a number of groups to investigate whether there are molecular differences in the disease phenotype between the two groups. In this work we investigate whether computer extracted features of glandular morphology from digitized pathology images of surgical specimens identified as predictive of biochemical recurrence are also differentially expressed between AA and CA patients. Methods: Two cohorts were gathered. Cohort 1 (C1) contained digitized whole mount Gleason 7 radical prostatectomy specimens (RPS) from 72 patients (46 CA, 26 AA). Cohort 2 (C2) comprising quarter and whole mount RPS from 145 patients (135 CA, 10 AA), who either had biochemical recurrence in 5 years (47) or did not (98). A pathologist annotated each image in both cohorts for a representative cancerous region. Glands were automatically segmented and 216 features describing gland arrangement, shape, and disorder were extracted from every image. Features were tested for significance by Wilcoxon rank sum test at p &lt; .05. Results: 8 features of gland morphology were significantly different between AA and CA groups and also predictive of biochemical recurrence (Table). Conclusions: We identified 8 computer extracted features of gland morphology that were both differentially expressed between AA and CA men and predictive of biochemical recurrence, suggesting that there are histomorphometric differences in prostate cancer appearance between AA and CA men. [Table: see text]
Critical-Trunk-Based Obstacle-Avoiding Rectilinear Steiner Tree Routings and Buffer Insertion for Delay and Slack Optimization (2011)

For modern designs, delay optimization significantly facilitates success in design closure owing to its more realistic metric than wirelength in routing. Obstacle-avoiding rectilinear Steiner tree (OARST) construction is an essential routing problem. With the trends toward Internet protocol-block-based system-on-chip designs, OARST with buffer insertion has been surveyed to diminish the delay of long wires. Previous works on performance-driven (PD) OARST without and with buffer insertion can only handle small circuits. This paper develops a novel routing algorithm in obstacle-avoiding spanning graph to construct OARST with optimized delay efficiently. The proposed multisource single-target maze routing is first employed to identify the critical trunks, and the critical-trunk-based tree growth mechanism connects the unconnected pins to critical trunks under delay constraints of every sink. We apply the proposed critical-trunk-based tree growth mechanism to solve PD and slack-driven (SD) OARST problems. The proposed algorithms are extended to consider buffer insertion during PD and SD OARST constructions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms achieve an average 25.84% improvement in the maximum delay over obstacle-avoiding rectilinear Steiner minimal tree in the PD OARST problem and successfully solve 66.67% worst negative slack violations in the SD OARST problem. Compared to the simultaneous routing and buffer insertion approach, the proposed buffer-aware (BA) algorithm generates satisfactory timing results with almost identical wire length (WL). Moreover, the proposed BA SD OARST algorithm utilizes less WL than the BA rectilinear Steiner tree construction does by 17.99% on average. The runtime comparison with previous works shows the efficiency and scalability of this paper.
Effect of butyrate and corticosteroids on retinoblastoma in vitro and in vivo. (1991)

The effect of sodium butyrate (NaB) alone and in combination with a glucocorticoid was studied on Y-79 retinoblastoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Both NaB (0.5 and 4 mM) and hydrocortisone (1-100 microM) added separately to cells grown in suspension resulted in a small growth inhibition (less than 15%). A marked synergistic effect (75-77% growth inhibition) was observed in vitro when NaB and hydrocortisone were added in combination at all the concentrations tested. With in vivo experiments using the nude mouse model of retinoblastoma, the combination of NaB and methylprednisolone did not inhibit tumor growth.
High Performance Capillary Loop, Operation Mapping and Applications on STENTOR (1996)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper presents the last developments which have been performed at SABCA under internal funding, and the application of this work on the Technological Telecommunication Satellite STENTOR.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The High Performance Capillary Pumped Loop ( HPCPL ) has been defined to get a reliable operation mode under a very wide range of operation conditions.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Preliminary results have been already presented (&lt;span class="xref"&gt;ref. (1)&lt;/span&gt;), showing the high performances and the reliable functional characteristics of the HPCPL. The present paper emphasises the last developments which have been performed at SABCA. Main target of these developments is to clearly define the operating range of the loop according to the various functional parameters, such as maximum, minimum and negative heat loads, 0g / 1g performance impact, maximum pumping characteristics, balanced / unbalanced heat loads, non-condensible gas, life-time impacts,…&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;After showing the different testing phases performed, the operational limits of the HPCPL are described, offering a big interest for any space application.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A first application will be on STENTOR; this satellite, sponsored by the French Space Agency CNES and with AEROSPATIALE as Thermal Control Subsystem Responsible, which aims to be a flight demonstrator for the technologies to be used on the future generation of telecommunication satellites.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Among others ( Active antenna, plasmic propulsion, deployable radiators,…) Capillary Pumped Loops and Loop Heat Pipes make use of STENTOR for their space qualification. The different thermal systems which will be used on board are detailed in terms of flight design, development tests already achieved, qualification philosophy as well as expected and predicted flight performances.&lt;/div&gt;
Predictive depth map coding for efficient virtual view synthesis (2013)

This paper presents a novel approach to compress depth maps envisioned for virtual view synthesis. This proposal uses a sophisticated prediction model, combining the HEVC intra prediction modes with a flexible partitioning scheme. It exhaustively evaluates the prediction modes for a large amount of block sizes, in order to find the minimum coding cost for each depth map block. Unlike HEVC, no transform is used, the residue being trivially encoded through the transmission of just its mean value. The experimental results show that, when the encoding evaluation metric is the quality of the view synthesized using the encoded depth map against the map encoding rate, the proposed algorithm generates reconstructed depth maps that provide, for most bitrates, some of the best performances among state-of-the-art depth maps encoders. In addition, it runs approximately as fast as the HEVC HM.
Blockchain and smart contracts for the internet of things (2018)

O Blockchain é uma tecnologia emergente recentemente generalizada para muitas áreas de atividade. O seu modo de operação descentralizado enquadra-se perfeitamente em vários cenários onde o principal desafio reside na melhoria da comunicação máquina-máquina e na possibilidade de realizar transferências seguras com serviços de valor acrescentado. As redes IoT são uma das áreas possíveis de aplicação da tecnologia Blockchain, uma vez que, para poder satisfazer os requisitos da indústria, a arquitetura atual das redes IoT tem limitações, que podem ser superadas através da melhoria das comunicações entre dispositivos e do acesso a formas evoluídas de agregação e consumo dos dados recolhidos. Este trabalho procura avaliar a combinação desses dois paradigmas - IoT e Blockchain -, procurando entender como o IoT pode beneficiar das funcionalidades que o Blockchain oferece: um sistema de armazenamento mais económico, descentralização e verdadeira redundância, confiança sem autoridade central - privacidade - e segurança reforçada. Por outro lado, o Blockchain como infraestrutura financeira para o IoT é também um aspeto fundamental desse trabalho. Na prova de conceito construída, este cenário é implementado, pois os dados de um sensor podem ser transacionados com uma entidade que os solicite. São igualmente realizadas análises estatísticas e de desempenho relativamente à arquitetura implementada, sendo também apontados alguns pontos de melhoria para alavancar o uso do sistema em situações reais.
A Novel BaCo0.4Fe0.4Zr0.2O3-δ Cathode for Intermediate Temperature Proton-Conducting SOFC (2012)

Abstract not Available.
CA 15-3, mucin-like carcinoma-associated antigen and tissue polypeptide-specific antigen: correlation to disease state and prognosis in breast cancer patients. (1995)

Serum testing for the tumor markers CA 15-3 and mucin-like carcinoma-associated antigen (MCA) was performed in 144 patients with breast cancer. Of those patients, 127 were also tested for a third tumor marker, tissue polypeptide-specific antigen (TPS). At the time of testing, 73 patients (51%) were without evidence of disease and 71 patients (49%) had active disease. Mean follow-up time was 16 months. Positivity rates were: 29.8% for CA 15-3, 47.2% for MCA, and 58.3% for TPS. Mean value for patients with no evidence of disease as compared to patients with active disease was 21 U/ml and 117 U/ml for CA 15-3 (P = 0.001), 10.2 kU/l and 22.6 kU/l for MCA (P = 0.001), and 148 U/l and 310 U/l for TPS (P = 0.02). Two year actuarial survival, according to values below and above an established cutoff for CA 15-3 were 80% and 31% (P < 0.001), 75% and 45% for MCA (P < 0.01), and 82% and 50% for TPS (P < 0.01). We conclude that CA 15-3, MCA and TPS values reflect disease state and prognosis in breast cancer patients.
Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)-3-(Methoxycarbonyl)methylene-1,3-dihydroindol-2-ones by Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of 2-Ethynylanilines (2001)

A direct synthesis of (E)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)methylene-1,3-dihydroindol-2-ones 2 by palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of 2-ethynylanilines 1 is reported. Reactions were carried out in MeOH as the solvent at 50−70 °C in the presence of catalytic amounts of PdI2 in conjunction with KI under a 4:1 CO/air mixture (20 atm total pressure at 25 °C). When the reaction was applied to 2-alkynylanilines with internal triple bonds, the reaction course changed completely, with formation of carbamates 4.
Demonstration of a two-dimensional PT-symmetric crystal: Bulk dynamics, topology, and edge states (2018)

In 1998, Carl Bender challenged the perceived wisdom of quantum mechanics that the Hamiltonian operator describing any quantum mechanical system has to be Hermitian. He showed that Hamiltonians that are invariant under combined parity-time (PT) symmetry transformations likewise can exhibit real eigenvalue spectra. These findings had a particularly profound impact in the field of photonics, where PT-symmetric potential landscapes can be implemented by appropriately distributing gain and loss. Following this approach, several hallmark features of PT symmetry were shown, such as the existence of non-orthogonal eigenmodes, non-reciprocal light evolution, diffusive coherent transport, and to study their implications in settings including PT-symmetric lasers and topological phase transitions. Similarly, PT-symmetry has enriched other research fields ranging from PT-symmetric atomic diffusion, superconducting wires, and PT-symmetric electronic circuits. Nevertheless, to this date, all experimental implementations of PT-symmetric systems have been restricted to one dimension, which is mostly due to limitations in the technologies at hand for realizing appropriate non-Hermitian potential landscapes. In this work, we report on the experimental realization and characterization of a two-dimensional PT-symmetric system by means of photonic waveguide lattices with judiciously designed refractive index landscape with alternating loss. A key result of our work is the demonstration of a non-Hermitian two-dimensional topological phase transition that coincides with the emergence of mid-gap edge states. Our findings pave the grounds for future investigations exploring the full potential of PT-symmetric photonics in higher dimensions. Moreover, our approach may even hold the key for realizing two-dimensional PT-symmetry also in other systems beyond photonics, such as matter waves and electronics.
Gene expression profiling of yeasts overexpressing wild type or misfolded Pma1 variants reveals activation of the Hog1 MAPK pathway (2010)

Summary Dominant negative PMA1 mutants render misfolded proteins that are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and slowly degraded by ER‐associated degradation. Accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER activates an ER‐to‐nucleus signalling pathway termed the unfolded protein response (UPR). We have used a PMA1 ‐D378T dominant negative mutant to analyse its impact on UPR induction. Our results show that overexpression of the misfolded mutant Pma1 does not lead to activation of the UPR. In addition, in mutants with a constitutively activated UPR the turnover rate of the mutant ATPase is not altered. To determine if the expression of the misfolded mutant protein induces some other kind of response we performed global gene expression analysis experiments in yeasts overexpressing either wild type or dominant lethal PMA1 alleles. The results suggest that the high osmolarity glycerol (Hog1) mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is activated by both wild type and mutant ATPases. We show that expression of the PMA1 alleles induces phosphorylation of Hog1 and activation of the Hog1 MAPK cascade. This activation is mediated by the Sln1 branch of the stress‐dependent Hog1 MAPK network. Finally, we show that at least two other plasma membrane proteins are also able to activate the Hog1 MAPK system.