gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning via distributed dialogue (2002)

This paper introduces a new learning technology for in-classroom and remote learning. The system and practice is called "Livenotes" and is motivated by the empirical success of peer learning methods, and by theoretical considerations of distributed dialogue among student peers as a facilitator of learning. The technical part of Livenotes is a collaborative whiteboard running on wireless handheld computers. We describe the system and the affordances we have developed for it to support the distributed dialogue model. We then examine the interactive dialogue that resulted from two classroom trials, using transcript captures, and analyze how users developed ways to navigate between pages, organize space on screens, determine whether the system was operational, and create social rapport. Finally, we suggest several issues that researchers can consider in designing collaborative software.
Online Blind Calibration of Non-Uniform Photodetectors: Application to Endomicroscopy (2012)

Abstract. We present an original method for the online blind calibration of non-uniform photodetectors. The disparity of the detectors may arise from both irregular spatial arrangement and distinct slowly timevarying photometric transfer functions. As natural images are mostly continuous, the signal collected by neighboring detectors is strongly correlated over time. The core idea of our method is to translate the calibration problem into relative pairwise calibrations between neighboring detectors followed by the regularized inversion of a system akin to gradientbased surface recovery. From our blind calibration procedure, we design anonline blindcalibrationpipelinecompatiblewithclinicalpractice.Online blind calibration is proved to be statistically better than standard offline calibration for reconstructing endomicroscopy sequences. 1 The need for online blind calibration in endomicroscopy In vivo endomicroscopy consists of imaging the tissue at microscopic level, by inserting, through a standard endoscope, a probe made of tens of thousands of
Silica Sulfuric Acid‐Catalyzed Five‐component Efficient Synthesis of Five‐Substituted Tetrahydropyridines (2013)

A highly atom‐economic one‐pot synthesis of five‐substituted tetrahydropyridines via a five‐component condensation of two equivalents of aromatic aldehyde, two equivalents of aromatic aniline, and one equivalent of β‐keto ester catalyzed by silica sulfuric acid is reported. In this reaction, up to five new bonds and one new ring were formed in one pot with water as the only one by‐product.
Full-wave analysis of antennas containing horizontal and vertical metallizations embedded in planar multilayered media (2003)

The paper presents an efficient way of evaluating Green's functions arising in planar stratified media. In the spectral domain, the components are split into a singular and a regular part. The latter is expressed in terms of exactly four boundary coefficients, whose computation is extracted from the numerical kernel of the method, and the former is evaluated analytically via the Sommerfeld identity. The spatial counterparts are then evaluated by a method which combines the advantages of the complex image method (CIM) and the direct numerical evaluation of the Sommerfeld integral, while trying to avoid their respective drawbacks. The result is an efficient technique to treat horizontal and vertical metallizations embedded in multilayered media. Results for a three-dimensional (3D) planar inverted "F" antenna are obtained with this technique and successfully compared to measurements.
Gold(I) Phosphido Complexes:  Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity (2003)

Deprotonation of the phosphine complexes Au(PHR(2))Cl with aqueous ammonia gave the gold(I) phosphido complexes [Au(PR(2))](n)() (PR(2) = PMes(2) (1), PCy(2) (2), P(t-Bu)(2) (3), PIs(2) (4), PPhMes (5), PHMes (6); Mes = 2,4,6-Me(3)C(6)H(2), Is = 2,4,6-(i-Pr)(3)C(6)H(2), Mes = 2,4,6-(t-Bu)(3)C(6)H(2), Cy = cyclo-C(6)H(11)). (31)P NMR spectroscopy showed that these complexes exist in solution as mixtures, presumably oligomeric rings of different sizes. X-ray crystallographic structure determinations on single oligomers of 1-4 revealed rings of varying size (n = 4, 6, 6, and 3, respectively) and conformation. Reactions of 1-3 and 5 with PPN[AuCl(2)] gave PPN[(AuCl)(2)(micro-PR(2))] (9-12, PPN = (PPh(3))(2)N(+)). Treatment of 3 with the reagents HI, I(2), ArSH, LiP(t-Bu)(2), and [PH(2)(t-Bu)(2)]BF(4) gave respectively Au(PH(t-Bu)(2))(I) (14), Au(PI(t-Bu)(2))(I) (15), Au(PH(t-Bu)(2))(SAr) (16, Ar = p-t-BuC(6)H(4)), Li[Au(P(t-Bu)(2))(2)] (17), and [Au(PH(t-Bu)(2))(2)]BF(4) (19).
Multilocus Sequence Typing of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Humans, Chickens, Raw Milk, and Environmental Water in Quebec, Canada (2008)

Molecular strain typing is essential for deciphering the epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections. We applied two different methods, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and analysis of the flaA short variable repeat (SVR), to 289 isolates (163 human, 56 chicken, 34 raw milk, and 36 environmental water isolates) collected in the province of Québec, Canada, over 3 years; in addition, the analysis included the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing results for a subset of 131 isolates studied previously. MLST defined 96 sequence types (STs) and 20 clonal complexes (CCs), including 49 STs (73 isolates, 25%) and 39 alleles not previously documented in an international database. The frequency of new STs was significantly higher among water isolates than among isolates from other sources (18/36 [50%] and 55/253 [22%], respectively; P < 0.001). Nine of the 10 most prevalent CCs included isolates from humans and at least one other source; five CCs comprised exclusively or mostly human and chicken isolates. However, water and milk were the predominant nonhuman sources among the remaining CCs, suggesting that sporadic C. jejuni infections in humans may frequently arise from sources other than chickens. All three typing systems were discriminatory (discriminatory index > 0.9). Among 131 isolates analyzed by PFGE, each of the 20 types represented by two or more isolates corresponded to a single CC. In contrast, among the 14 most prevalent types detected by analysis of the flaA SVR (5 to 27 isolates each), 8 (57%) included isolates that represented multiple different CCs. The basis for these discordant results was uncertain. Antimicrobial resistance was randomly distributed among the CCs and appeared to be more closely related to the source of an isolate than its genotype. Although MLST is labor-intensive and expensive, it remains the single best method for the genotyping of C. jejuni isolates and deciphering the epidemiologic relationships among isolates.
Selection process of a transform selective interference suppression algorithm (2004)

The transform selective interference suppression algorithm (TSISA) has been proposed earlier for excising interfering signals in different transform domains. The proper domain is selected using a compression gain metric, and the interference excision is done using the forward consecutive mean excision (FCME) algorithm in that domain. This paper investigates the domain selection process of the TSISA via computer simulations. Interfering signal types considered are impulses, sinusoids, chirps and band-limited binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) communication signals. The results confirm that the TSISA is capable to choose the most suitable transform for the interference excision. The stronger the interfering signal is the more frequently the TSISA is able to choose the most suitable transform domain. 1.
An Entropy-Based Network Anomaly Detection Method (2015)

Data mining is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science involving methods at the intersection of artificial intelligence, machine learning and statistics. One of the data mining tasks is anomaly detection which is the analysis of large quantities of data to identify items, events or observations which do not conform to an expected pattern. Anomaly detection is applicable in a variety of domains, e.g., fraud detection, fault detection, system health monitoring but this article focuses on application of anomaly detection in the field of network intrusion detection.The main goal of the article is to prove that an entropy-based approach is suitable to detect modern botnet-like malware based on anomalous patterns in network. This aim is achieved by realization of the following points: (i) preparation of a concept of original entropy-based network anomaly detection method, (ii) implementation of the method, (iii) preparation of original dataset, (iv) evaluation of the method.
Binding of [3H]cytochalasin B to pancreatic islet cells (1990)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Clinical safety and tolerability of montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, in controlled clinical trials in patients aged ≥ 6 years (2001)

These data indicate a tolerability profile for montelukast similar to placebo during both short-term and long-term administration, even at doses substantially higher than the recommended clinical dose of 10 mg once daily for adults and 5 mg once daily for children aged 6-14 years.
DFT investigations on the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic carbonates catalyzed by zinc-{β-diiminate} complexes (2011)

The ring-opening polymerizations of trimethylene (TMC) and tetramethylene (7CC) carbonates using [(BDIiPr)Zn(N(SiMe3)2)] (BDIiPr = 2-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)amido)-4-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imino)-2-pentene) as catalyst precursor, in the presence of benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as co-initiator, have been investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This computational study highlights that the zinc-amido precursor is by itself a poor catalyst whereas the alkoxide analogue, obtained upon alcoholysis of the Zn–N bond by BnOH, is very active. For both TMC and 7CC, the initiation and the first propagation steps have been computed. In each case, the reaction proceeds via two transition states, involving nucleophilic attack of the alkoxide group followed by the ring-opening of the cyclic carbonates. Thus TMC and 7CC undergo a similar ROP process with accessible energy barriers. The analysis of the reaction mechanisms and energy profiles indicates that the relaxation of the growing polymer chain is an important feature, making the overall reaction exergonic (7CC) or athermic (TMC). This exothermicity difference predicts that 7CC is slightly more easily polymerizable than TMC, which is consistent with what is already known in the case of six- and seven-membered related lactones and previous experimental investigations on TMC and 7CC.
Thyristor-controlled switch capacitor placement in large-scale power systems via mixed integer linear programming and Taylor series expansion (2014)

Allocation of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices to an electric power transmission network may be formulated as a nonlinear mathematical program. Solving such a nonlinear program for a large transmission network is computationally very expensive, and obtaining the optimal solution may be impossible. We present a Taylor series expansion approximation of the nonlinearities of the problem and propose a mixed integer linear program (MILP) for finding the optimum location and proper settings of a Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) in an electric power network. The objective of this problem is to minimize total generation cost based on the DC load flow model. The proposed method is implemented for the 118-bus IEEE test case and the results are discussed.
Infrared Surveys of Hawaiian Volcanoes (1964)

Aerial infrared-sensor surveys of Kilauea volcano have depicted the areal extent and the relative intensity of abnormal thermal features in the caldera area of the volcano and along its associated rift zones. Many of these anomalies show correlation with visible steaming and reflect convective transfer of heat to the surface from subterranean sources. Structural details of the volcano, some not evident from surface observation, are also delineated by their thermal abnormalities. Several changes were observed in the patterns of infrared emission during the period of study; two such changes show correlation in location with subsequent eruptions, but the cause-and-effect relationship is uncertain. Thermal anomalies were also observed on the southwest flank of Mauna Loa; images of other volcanoes on the island of Hawaii, and of Haleakala on the island of Maui, revealed no thermal abnormalities. Approximately 25 large springs issuing into the ocean around the periphery of Hawaii have been detected. Infrared emission varies widely with surface texture and composition, suggesting that similar observations may have value for estimating surface conditions on the moon or planets.
Rendering of Surfaces from Volume Data (1988)

Abstract : The application of volume rendering techniques to the display of surfaces from sampled scalar functions of three spatial dimensions is explored. Fitting of geometric primitives to the sampled data is not required. Images are formed by directly shading each sample and projecting it onto the picture plane. Surface shading calculations are performed at every voxel with local gradient vectors serving as surface normals. In a separate step, surface classification operators are applied to obtain a partial opacity for every voxel. Operators that detect isovalue contour surfaces and region boundary surfaces are presented. Independence of shading and classification calculations insures and undistorted visualization of 3-D shape. Non-binary classification operators insure that small or poorly defined features are not lost. The resulting colors and opacities are composited from back to front along viewing rays to form an image. The technique is simple and fast, yet displays surfaces exhibiting smooth silhouettes and few other aliasing artifacts. The use of selective blurring and super-sampling to further improve image quality is also described. Examples from two applications are given: molecular graphics and medical imaging.
A prediction and compensation scheme for in-plane shape deviation of additive manufacturing with information on process parameters (2017)

Shape fidelity is a critical issue that hinders the wider application of Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies. In many AM processes, the shape of a product is usually different from its input design and the deviation usually depends on certain process parameters. In this article, we aim to improve the shape fidelity of AM products through compensation, with the information on these parameters. To achieve this, a two-step hierarchical scheme is proposed to predict the in-plane deviation of the product shape, which relates to the process parameters and the two-dimensional input shape. Based on this prediction procedure, a shape compensation strategy is developed that greatly improves the dimensional accuracy of products. Experimental studies of fused deposition modeling processes validate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme in terms of both predicting the shape deviation and improving the shape accuracy.
Experimental and physics-based modeling assessment of strain induced mobility enhancement in FinFETs (2009)

This study combines direct measurements of channel strain, electrical mobility measurements and a rigorous modeling approach to provide insight about the strain induced mobility enhancement in FinFETs and guidelines for the device optimization. Good agreement between simulated and measured mobility is obtained using strain components measured directly at device level by a novel technique. A large vertical compressive strain is observed in FinFETs and the simulations show that this helps recover the electron mobility disadvantage of the (110) FinFETs lateral interfaces w.r.t. (100) interfaces, with no degradation of the hole mobility. The model is then used to systematically explore the impact of the fin-width, fin-height and fin-length stress components on n- and p-FinFETs mobility and to identify optimal stress configurations.
5.5 W of Diffraction-Limited Green Light Generated by SFG of Tapered Diode Lasers in a Cascade of Nonlinear Crystals (2015)

Diode-based high power visible lasers are perfect pump sources for, e.g., titanium-sapphire lasers. The combination of favorable scaling laws in both SFG and cascading of nonlinear crystals allows access to unprecedented powers in diode-based systems.
Effect of Graphene Oxide/Graphene Hybrid on Mechanical Properties of Cement Mortar and Mechanism Investigation (2020)

This paper evaluated the effect of graphene oxide/graphene (GO/GR) hybrid on mechanical properties of cement mortar. The underlying mechanism was also investigated. In the GO/GR hybrid, GO was expected to act as a dispersant for GR while GR was used as reinforcement in mortar due to its excellent mechanical properties. For the mortar specimen, flexural and compressive strength were measured at varied GO to GR ratios of 1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3, and 0:1 by keeping the total amount of GO and GR constant. The underlying mechanism was investigated through the dispersibility of GR, heat releasing characteristics during hydration, and porosity of mortar. The results showed that GO/GR hybrid significantly enhanced the flexural and compressive strength of cement mortars. The flexural strength reached maximum at GO:GR = 1:1, where the enhancement level was up to 23.04% (28 days) when compared to mortar prepared with only GO, and up to 15.63% (7 days) when compared to mortar prepared with only GR. In terms of compressive strength, the enhancement level for GO:GR = 3:1 was up to 21.10% (3 days) when compared with that of mortar incorporating GO only. The enhancement in compressive strength with mortar at GO:GR = 1:1 was up to 14.69% (7-day) when compared with mortar incorporating GR only. In addition to dispersibility, the compressive strength was also influenced by other factors, such as the degree of hydration, porosity, and pore size distribution of mortar, which made the mortars perform best at different ages.
Isolation and Structural Analysis of Oligosaccharides from Yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia) (1995)

Oligosaccharides (from trisaccharide to decasaccharide) in yacon tuberous roots were purified by charcoal-Celite column and gel filtration chromatographies. The oligosaccharides were confirmed to be β-(2→1)fructooligosaccharides with terminal sucrose (inulin type oligofructans) by using enzymatic, 13C-NMR, and methylation analyses.
CO 2 Retention in High‐Alkali Borate Glasses (1983)

A study of the high‐alkali region of glass formation in the system Na 2 O +B 2 O 3 reveals that retention of CO 2 from carbonate starting materials can become a serious preparative problem at the high‐alkali extreme. Results presented for glasses prepared using both Na 2 O and Na 2 CO 3 show that residual CO 2 can lead to major differences in physical properties which in this work are represented by the viscosity‐related glass transition temperature .
ATP synthase: activating versus catalytic proton transfer (1995)

ATP synthase (F-ATPase) of chloroplasts, CF0CF1, is both activated and driven by transmembrane protonmotive force. We dichotomized between activating and driving proton transfer by specific inhibitors, tentoxin and venturicidin. Thylakoids membranes were submitted to voltage steps (by flashing light) superimposed to a steady pH-difference. Transient proton intake, transfer and release by CF0CF1 was monitored by spectroscopic probes. Both activities, activation and catalysis, required all three partial reactions of the proton, however, activating proton transfer rose first (monophasically, tau 1/2 approximately 15 ms) followed by another phase of equal magnitude with a time lag of about 15 ms. Both types of consecutive proton transfer reactions contribute free energy for ATP synthesis.
A NAVIGATION SYSTEM WITH A REAL-WORLD-VIEW (2000)

In this paper, the authors present a system that provides users with navigational information overlaid on a real-time video image of the current scene. This system allows the user to immediately place navigational information into a real-world context.
Steroidal Cyclic Ketals. XIII.1 The Conversion of 11-epi-Corticosterone into Corticosterone (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSteroidal Cyclic Ketals. XIII.1 The Conversion of 11-epi-Corticosterone into CorticosteroneSeymour Bernstein and Robert H. LenhardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 8, 2331–2332Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01613a091https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01613a091research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Olfactory feedback system to improve the concentration level based on biological information (2011)

This study tries to increase the effects of odors by controlling the odor emissions. We developed an olfactory feedback system to maintain user's concentration effectively based on biological information. The system presumes the level of user's concentration based on an electrocardiogram analysis. The analysis is carried out using variance of R-R intervals and frequency spectra. According to the presumed concentration level, the system presents an odor with an awakening effect to maintain user's concentration. We performed experiments in which subjects did simple tasks with this system, changing the method of controlling odor emissions. We compared the results of each method and evaluated the effectiveness of our olfactory feedback system and the methods of controlling odor emissions. The comparison of the results showed that presenting an odor when a user loses his/her concentration is effective to decrease errors of addition tasks.