gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessing Cerebrovascular Resistance in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease (2022)

In patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) the delivery of oxygen to the brain is compromised by anemia, abnormal rheology, and steno-occlusive vascular disease. Meeting demands for oxygen delivery requires compensatory features of brain perfusion. The cerebral vasculature's regulatory function and reserves can be assessed by observing the flow response to a vasoactive stimulus. In a traditional approach we measured voxel-wise change in Blood Oxygen-Level Dependent (BOLD) MRI signal as a surrogate of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in response to a linear progressive ramping of end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO<sub>2</sub>). Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) was defined as ΔBOLD/ΔPETCO<sub>2</sub>. We used a computer model to fit a virtual sigmoid resistance curve to the progressive CBF response to the stimulus, enabling the calculation of resistance parameters: amplitude, midpoint, range response, resistance sensitivity and vasodilatory reserve. The quality of the resistance sigmoid fit was expressed as the <i>r</i> <sup>2</sup> of the fit. We tested 35 patients with SCD, as well as 24 healthy subjects to provide an indication of the normal ranges of the resistance parameters. We found that gray matter CVR and resistance amplitude, range, reserve, and sensitivity are reduced in patients with SCD compared to healthy controls, while resistance midpoint was increased. This study is the first to document resistance measures in adult patients with SCD. It is also the first to score these vascular resistance measures in comparison to the normal range. We anticipate these data will complement the current understanding of the cerebral vascular pathophysiology of SCD, identify paths for therapeutic interventions, and provide biomarkers for monitoring the progress of the disease.
Windows Internals, Part 2: Covering Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 (Windows Internals) (2012)

Delve inside Windows architecture and internalsand see how core components work behind the scenes. Led by three renowned internals experts, this classic guide is fully updated for Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2and now presents its coverage in two volumes. As always, you get critical insider perspectives on how Windows operates. And through hands-on experiments, youll experience its internal behavior firsthandknowledge you can apply to improve application design, debugging, system performance, and support. In Part 2, youll examine:Core subsystems for I/O, storage, memory management, cache manager, and file systems Startup and shutdown processes Crash-dump analysis, including troubleshooting tools and techniques
Studies on the mechanism of hydroxymethylbilane synthase concerning the role of arginine residues in substrate binding (1991)

The role of conserved arginine residues in hydroxymethylbilane synthase was investigated by replacing these residues in the enzyme from Escherichia coli with leucine residues by using site-directed mutagenesis. The kinetic parameters for these mutant enzymes and studies on the formation of intermediate enzyme-substrate complexes indicate that several of these arginine residues are involved in binding the carboxylate side chains of the pyrromethane cofactor and the growing oligopyrrole chain.
[Predominant aciduric microflora related to fissure caries of the first permanent molars]. (2005)

The ecology of plaque is complex and the composition of microflora at each stage of caries could be different. The composition of bacteria was consistent with the changes of local pH in the plaque.
Embedded Controllers for Solving Complex Industry Applications (2006)

Complex industry automation as well as complex compute nodes like high-end servers require an infrastructure for maintenance and control. An off-the-shelf embedded controller is usually the first choice for such purposes. This approach is challenged for complex applications by the fact that a large amount of distributed industry standard interfaces has to be controlled and realtime responses have to be provided. In our paper we show a concept solving the above challenges. Our solution is based on an embedded PowerPC 440* controller that allows for flexible attachment and control of hundreds of industry standard interfaces like digital I/O, I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> C, JTAG, RS232/422 etc. The solution further allows a redundant implementation of controllers for fail save applications. This approach was implemented first in a set of IBM servers and can be generalized to other application areas like compute clusters or industry automation. We describe the challenges in complex applications for system control, show our solutions on a system level and finally describe how a concrete SoC chip is realized in PowerPC* CoreConnect* technology.
A reflection electron microscope for imaging of fast phase transitions on surfaces (1990)

A reflection electron microscope for ultrashort-time imaging of laser-induced processes on surfaces was developed. The instrument is based on a conventional transmission electron microscope modified for high-energy electron reflection, and, in addition, equipped with a laser-pulsed high-brightness electron gun, an interaction chamber, and a tilting unit. Images with exposure times of ≤20 ns of transient surface processes can be obtained. The spatial resolution depends on the exposure time and is limited by a compromise between shot noise in the electron image, chromatic aberration of the objective lens, and radiation damage due to the illuminating electron beam. The performance of the microscope is demonstrated by short exposure time images of laser pulse treated bulk GaAs and Au films on Si showing evaporation, flow, and capillary waves, proceeding within 10–500 ns.
Small-molecule anticancer agents kill cancer cells by harnessing reactive oxygen species in an iron-dependent manner (2018)

In the course of generating a library of open-chain epothilones, we discovered a new class of small molecule anticancer agents that has no effect on tubulin but instead kills selected cancer cell lines by harnessing reactive oxygen species in an iron-dependent manner. Results of the preliminary studies are consistent with the recently described cell death mechanism ferroptosis. Studies are in progress to confirm ferroptosis as the cell death mechanism and to identify the specific molecular targets of these small molecule anticancer agents.
Optogenetic interrogation of neurovascular coupling in the cerebral cortex of transgenic mice (2018)

The proposed approach opens new lines of research with potential applications in understanding the role of different cell types in the cerebrovascular regulatory mechanisms and the study of the adaptive process of angiogenesis in the cerebral cortex. The observation of incoherent responses of vessel diameter, blood flow-rate, and velocity suggests that such detailed information is necessary to obtain an accurate interpretation of the data acquired via hemodynamic based functional imaging techniques.
Figure S2 from <i>EGFR</i> and <i>MET</i> Amplifications Determine Response to HER2 Inhibition in <i>ERBB2</i>-Amplified Esophagogastric Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;CONSORT diagram&lt;/p&gt;
Validation of modelling the radiation exposure due to solar particle events at aircraft altitudes (2008)

Dose assessment procedures for cosmic radiation exposure of aircraft crew have been introduced in most European countries in accordance with the corresponding European directive and national regulations. However, the radiation exposure due to solar particle events is still a matter of scientific research. Here we describe the European research project CONRAD, WP6, Subgroup-B, about the current status of available solar storm measurements and existing models for dose estimation at flight altitudes during solar particle events leading to ground level enhancement (GLE). Three models for the numerical dose estimation during GLEs are discussed. Some of the models agree with limited experimental data reasonably well. Analysis of GLEs during geomagnetically disturbed conditions is still complex and time consuming. Currently available solar particle event models can disagree with each other by an order of magnitude. Further research and verification by on-board measurements is still needed.
Quelques réflexions sur la structure et deux nouveaux témoins de la Physica Plinii (1986)

Quelques réflexions sur Ia structure et deux nouveaux témoins de Ia Physica PliniiDans son encyclopédie, Pline l'Ancien avait fait de très larges emprunts à Ia littérature médicale et paramédicale.La masse d'informations ainsi rassemblées sur les remèdes, ou mieux les «curae», pour reprendre Ia terminologie des Indices, était assurément d'un usage malaisé, parce que les recettes ayant des indications spécifiques étaient souvent très éparpillées.Les parties du corps, pour lesquelles Pline avait suivi Ie schéma a capite ad calcem, n'échappaient pas à cette dispersion, puisque cette fois, on trouvait l'application d'une seule catégorie de remèdes -végétaux, animaux ou minéraux-.Ainsi Ie voulait Ie classement par sujets adopté dans Ia HN.Aussi n'est-il pas étonnant que ces matériaux aient été repris et disposés d'une façon plus accessible à l'utilisateur, dans un ouvrage connu sous Ie titre de Medicina Plinii '.L'auteur de cette refonte nous est totalement inconnu.Nous pouvons seulement nous appuyer sur ce qu'il déclare dans Ie prologue et dans quelques autres passages de Ia Medicina Plinii.On apprend ainsi qu'il chercha à égaler Pline l'Ancien, et, à l'instar de celui-ci, n'était pas en bons termes avec les médecins, mais c'est à peu près tout.Nous ne savons même pas quand Ia Medicina Plinii fut constituée.Marcellus de Bordeaux l'a utilisée pour son recueil de recettes, Ie De medicamentis.Dans Ia lettre de dédicace qu'il adresse à ses fils, Marcellus se dit ex magister officiorum Theodosii senioris; cette précision senioris n'a de sens que s'il pouvait être question d'un autre Théodose, 1 Une vue d'ensemble, avec des notices bibliographiques, se trouve
Growth factor and cytokine regulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans by astrocytes (2005)

After injury to the adult central nervous system (CNS), numerous cytokines and growth factors are released that contribute to reactive gliosis and extracellular matrix production. In vitro examination of these cytokines revealed that the presence of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) greatly increased the production of several chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG) by astrocytes. Treatment of astrocytes with other EGF-receptor (ErbB1) ligands, such as TGF-alpha and HB-EGF, produced increases in CSPG production similar to those observed with EGF. Treatment of astrocytes, however, with heregulin, which signals through other members of the EGF-receptor family (ErbB2, ErbB3, ErbB4), did not induce CSPG upregulation. The specificity of activation through the ErbB1 receptor was further verified by using a selective antagonist (AG1478) to this tyrosine kinase receptor. Western blot analysis of astrocyte supernatant pre-digested with chondroitinase ABC indicated the presence of multiple core proteins containing 4-sulfated or 6-sulfated chondroitin. To identify some of these CSPGs, Western blots were screened using antibodies to several known CSPG core proteins. These analyses showed that treatment of astrocytes with EGF increased phosphacan expression, whereas treatment with TGF-beta1 increased neurocan expression. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to examine the expression of these molecules in vivo, which result in increased expression of TGF-beta1, EGF-receptor, neurocan, and phosphacan after injury to the brain. These data begin to elucidate some of the injury-induced growth factors that regulate the expression of CSPGs which could be targeted in the future to modulate CSPG production after injury to the central nervous system.
Spatially resolved combustion measurements using cross-beam saturated absorption spectroscopy (1984)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text George Kychakoff, Robert D. Howe, and Ronald K. Hanson, "Spatially resolved combustion measurements using cross-beam saturated absorption spectroscopy," Appl. Opt. 23, 1303-1305 (1984) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Yeast Handling Studies. II. Temperature of Storage of Pitching Yeast (1985)

The methods employed in handling production yeast before pitching are important. Fermentations pitched with improperly handled yeast could experience problems such as hanging fermentations or poor attenuation or both. The temperature of yeast storage is a major factor when considering handling procedures. Yeast stored 6 days at 1°C showed a 5% drop in glycogen content and a 7% drop in viability. The same yeast stored at 5°C decreased 22% in glycogen content and 14% in viability. At storage temperatures of 10, 15, 20, and 25° C, significant reductions in glycogen content (up to 79%) and viability (up to 68%) occurred. Fermentations pitched with yeast stored at 1 and 5°C showed little difference in numbers of yeast in suspension; rate of attenuation; final attenuation; diacetyl, alcohol, and dimethyl sulfide concentrations; or final pH. Fermentations pitched with yeast stored at 10°C exhibited higher final diacetyl and dimethyl sulfide concentrations. The fermentations pitched with yeast stored at 15, 20, and 25° C did not ferment normally; rate and extent of attenuation were poor; the number of yeast in suspension was abnormal; subsequent yeast crops were less; diacetyl, alcohol, and dimethyl sulfide concentrations were less; and final pH was much higher.
Repurposing host-guest chemistry to sequester virulence and eradicate biofilms in multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii (2023)

Abstract The limited diversity in targets of available antibiotic therapies has put tremendous pressure on the treatment of bacterial pathogens, where numerous resistance mechanisms that counteract their function are becoming increasingly prevalent. Here, we utilize an unconventional anti-virulence screen of host-guest interacting macrocycles, and identify a water-soluble synthetic macrocycle, Pillar[5]arene, that is non-bactericidal/bacteriostatic and has a mechanism of action that involves binding to both homoserine lactones and lipopolysaccharides, key virulence factors in Gram-negative pathogens. Pillar[5]arene is active against Top Priority carbapenem- and third/fourth-generation cephalosporin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii , suppressing toxins and biofilms and increasing the penetration and efficacy of standard-of-care antibiotics in combined administrations. The binding of homoserine lactones and lipopolysaccharides also sequesters their direct effects as toxins on eukatryotic membranes, neutralizing key tools that promote bacterial colonization and impede immune defenses, both in vitro and in vivo . Pillar[5]arene evades both existing antibiotic resistance mechanisms, as well as the build-up of rapid tolerance/resistance. The versatility of macrocyclic host-guest chemistry provides ample strategies for tailored targeting of virulence in a wide range of Gram-negative infectious diseases.
Wishart AGU 2013 (2013)

Shales are a component of the terrestrial subsurface biosphere and may be colonized by microorganisms when temperature and fluid #31;flow are permitting. Assessing microbial community activity will be aided by the use of in situ sampling devices such as the osmosampler, an osmotically driven sampling device. Community analysis of shale samples remains a challenge and requires further methods development. The objectives of the work reported are: 1. to review geochemical and microbiological evidence for the possible microbial inhabitation of shale 2. to compare conditions among U.S. shale formations 3. to develop analytical techniques to evaluate microbial communities present in hydraulic fracturing #31;fluid.
Ligand-gated Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ signalling in higher plants (1997)

Ligand-gated Ca(2+) channels provide a possible mechanism for linking perception of stimuli to intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization. Evidence for ligand-gated Ca(2+) release in plant cells arises from radiolabeled ligand binding, microsomal ion flux, and electrophysiological approaches. Results from these diverse approaches demonstrate that two classes of ligand-gated channels are present at the plant cell vacuolar membrane. One class of channel is gated by inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate (InsP(3)) and the second is gated by cyclic adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose (cADPR). Previous biochemical studies on plant InsP(3) binding sites have been hampered by low density of specific binding. The present work reports optimization of yield for solubilized InsP(3) binding sites with respect to detergent type and concentration, and the originating tissue. Further studies reveal a pharmacological similarity between cADPR-activated Ca(2+) release in plant and animal cells and demonstrate that the extent of cADPR-induced Ca(2+) release is dependent on the plant tissue type. In animal cells cADPR releases Ca(2+) through activation of at least one isoform of the so-called ryanodine receptor. It is shown here that ryanodine itself is able to activate single channel currents in vacuolar membranes. These observations are integrated into current models for ligand-gated Ca(2+) release in plant and animal cells and their role in Ca(2+)-based cell signalling.
New constraints for plasma diagnostics development due to the harsh environment of MJ class lasers (invited) (2004)

The design of plasma diagnostics for the future MJ class lasers (LMJ–Laser MégaJoule—in France or NIF—National Ignition Faciliy— in the USA) must take into account the large increased radiation field generated at the target and the effect on the diagnostics components. These facilities will focus up to 1.8 MJ ultraviolet laser light energy into a volume of less than 1 cm3 in a few nanoseconds. This very high power focused onto a small target will generate a large amount of x rays, debris, shrapnel, and nuclear particles (neutrons and gamma rays) if the DT fuel capsules ignite. Ignition targets will produce a million more of 14 MeV neutrons (1019 neutrons) by comparison with the present worldwide most powerful laser neutron source facility at OMEGA. Under these harsh environmental conditions the survivability goal of present diagnostic is not clear and many new studies must be carried out to verify which diagnostic measurement techniques, can be maintained, adapted or must be completely changed. Synergies with similar environment studies conducted for magnetic fusion diagnostic design for ITER facility are considered and must be enhanced.
Weight Gain After Short- and Long-Limb Gastric Bypass in Patients Followed for Longer Than 10 Years (2006)

The gastric bypass limb length does not impact long-term weight loss. Significant weight gain occurs continuously in patients after reaching the nadir weight following gastric bypass. Despite this weight gain, the long-term mortality remains low at 3.1%.
Agile Radio Resource Management Techniques for 5G New Radio (2017)

The seven articles in this special section focus on agile radio resource management technologies for use in 5G mobile communications (5G). 5G networks will support a wide range of frequency bands, features, and use cases, with native support for efficient operation. 5G is considered as a significant disruptor to traditional mobile networks. Some of the main motivations behind the design, standardization, and deployment of the new generation of mobile networks include: significant increase of the supported data rates for enhanced mobile broadband, support for ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC), and support for massive machine type communications (mMTC). The combination of these 5G pillars can further enable new use cases, such as virtual or augmented reality (VR/AR), enabled by combining eMBB and URLLC.
FFT-SPA non-binary LDPC decoding on GPU (2013)

It is well known that non-binary LDPC codes outperform the BER performance of binary LDPC codes for the same code length. The superior BER performance of non-binary codes comes at the expense of more complex decoding algorithms that demand higher computational power. In this paper, we propose parallel signal processing algorithms for performing the FFT-SPA and the corresponding decoding of non-binary LDPC codes over GF(q). The constraints imposed by the complex nature of associated subsystems and kernels, in particular the Check Nodes, present computational challenges regarding multicore systems. Experimental results obtained on GPU for a variety of GF(q) show throughputs in the order of 2 Mbps, which is far above from the minimum throughput required, for example, for real-time video applications that can benefit from such error correcting capabilities.
Voltage Stabilization for Electrostatic Generators Using an Electron Gun (1949)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation S. J. Bame, L. M. Baggett; Voltage Stabilization for Electrostatic Generators Using an Electron Gun. Rev Sci Instrum 1 November 1949; 20 (11): 839–840. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1741410 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Molecular characterization of protein kinase C delta (PKCδ)-Smac interactions (2016)

Our data demonstrate that the Smac-PKCδ interaction is direct and that it is facilitated by an open conformation of PKCδ. The binding is mediated via the PKCδ regulatory domain and both the C1 and C2 domains have Smac-binding capacity. With this study we thereby provide molecular information on an interaction between two apoptosis-regulating proteins.
Measurement of piezoelectric coefficient of gallium nitride using metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors (2007)

Gallium nitride cantilevers with metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors were fabricated and characterized as a function of strain to determine the effective piezoelectric constant. These cantilevers were tested at room temperature through a combination of cantilever bending experiments, strain gauge measurements, and finite element modeling. By measuring the shift in flatband voltage to applied strain the magnitude of the piezoelectric charge induced is determined. The effective piezoelectric constant e31′ was determined from these measurements to be −0.57±0.03C∕m2.
Wavelet based islanding detection of DC-AC inverter interfaced DG systems (2010)

The increased penetration of distributed generation (DG) often connected to grid through dc-ac interface has made islanding detection an important and challenging issue to power engineers. Several methods based on passive and active detection scheme have been proposed in the literature. While passive schemes have a large non detection zone (NDZ), concern has been raised on active method due to its degrading power quality effect. This paper proposes a wavelet based passive islanding detection scheme with almost zero NDZ for dc-ac inverter interfaced grid connected DGs. The key idea is to utilize the spectral changes in the higher frequency components of PCC voltage occurring after islanding condition. The effectiveness of the proposed method is tested through case studies on a photovoltaic DG system.