gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17298: MicroRNA-411 Targets Foxo1 to Induce Hepatic Glucose Production in Type 2 Diabetes (2011)

Introduction: miRNAs are a class of short, NC, single-stranded RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression. A hallmark of T2D is excessive HGP that plays an important role in the development of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. FOXO1 has been shown to bind directly to the promoters of gluconeogenic genes and activate HGP. Hypothesis: miR-411 is down regulated in liver of mice with polygenic susceptibility for T2D leading to FOXO1 OE and induction of gluconeogenesis. Methods: NONcNZO10 (NZ10) mice with polygenic susceptibility to T2D or SWR controls were fed Control (CD) or South Beach (SD; high protein/unsaturated fat) diets for 25 weeks. After 12 hr. fasting the mice were sacrificed and liver was collected. Total RNA was isolated and subjected to Sanger 14 multi-species miRNA microarray. RESULTS: Diabesity was not induced in control SWR mice fed either diet or in NZ10 mice fed SD as evidenced by serum glucose and insulin levels and normal GTT. NZ10 mice fed CD were hyperglycemic (blood glucose &gt;350mg/dL) with impaired GTT and hyperinsulinemia; gene expression analysis showed significant induction of key gluconeogenic genes; PEPCK, G6Pase and FBP1 in the livers of these mice (all, p&lt;0.05). Protein and mRNA levels of FOXO1 were significantly up-regulated in the liver of these mice (p&lt;0.05). Western blot analysis showed significantly increased glycogen phosphorylase and decreased glycogen synthase in livers of insulin-treated NZ10 mice fed CD, with increased CREB-133 phosphorylation and suppressed phosphorylation of AMPKα (all p&lt;0.05). NZ10 mice fed CD had fatty liver and elevated gene transcripts of SREBF1 and PGC1alpha. miRNA analysis showed significant down-regulation of miR-411 in liver of NZ10 mice fed CD (p&lt;0.05). In Silico analysis using Targetscan revealed FOXO1 as a target for miR-411. Overexpression of miR-411 in HepG2 cells eliminated FOXO1 expression and suppressed the expression of gluconeogenic enzymes. Conclusions: miR-411 targets FOXO1 and negatively regulates the expression of gluconeogenic genes. In NZ10 mice fed CD miR-411 is down-regulated causing hyperglycemia; this can be prevented by SD that promotes glucose homeostasis and reversal of the diabetic phenotype.
WILLIAM BECKFORD, ESQ (2014)

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Lattice Boltzmann simulation of the surface growth effects for the\n infiltration of molten Si in carbon preforms (2013)

The infiltration of molten silicon into carbon preforms is a widespread\ntechnique employed in the industry in order to enhance the thermal and\nmechanical properties of the final ceramic products. A proper understanding of\nthis phenomenon is quite challenging since it stems from the reciprocal action\nand reaction between fluid flow, the transition to wetting, mass transport,\nprecipitation, surface growth as well as heat transfer. As a result, the\nexhaustive modeling of such problem is an involved task. Lattice Boltzmann\nsimulations in 2D for capillary infiltration are carried out in the isothermal\nregime taking into account surface reaction and subsequent surface growth.\nPrecisely, for a single capillary in the linear Washburn regime, special\nattention is paid to the retardation for the infiltration process induced by\nthe thickening of the surface behind the contact line of the invading front.\nInterestingly, it turns out that the process of surface growth leading to pore\nclosure marginally depends on the infiltration velocity. We conclude that\nporous matrices with straight and wide pathways represent the optimal case for\nimpregnation. Our analysis includes also a comparison between the radii\ncharacterizing the infiltration process (i.e., minimum, hydraulic, average and\neffective radii).\n
Survey of Energy Harvesting Systems for Wireless Sensor Networks in Environmental Monitoring (2016)

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have existed for many years and had assimilated many interesting innovations. Advances in electronics, radio transceivers, processes of IC manufacturing and development of algorithms for operation of such networks now enable creating energy-efficient devices that provide practical levels of performance and a sufficient number of features. Environmental monitoring is one of the areas in which WSNs can be successfully used. At the same time this is a field where devices must either bring their own power reservoir, such as a battery, or scavenge energy locally from some natural phenomena. Improving the efficiency of energy harvesting methods reduces complexity of WSN structures. This survey is based on practical examples from the real world and provides an overview of state-of-the-art methods and techniques that are used to create energyefficient WSNs with energy harvesting.
ChemInform Abstract: METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF 4‐ARYLMETHYL‐1‐ARYL‐3‐ISOQUINOLINOLS (1974)

Abstract Die Umsetzung des Isochinolinons (I) mit den Aldehyden (II) in Benzol in Gegenwart von NaH (oder im Falle (IIa) stattdessen mit Benzylalkohol in Gegenwart von K‐ benzylat) ergibt die Arylmethylderivate (III).
Peri-implant Inflammation Defined by the Implant-Abutment Interface (2006)

An implant-abutment interface at the alveolar bone crest is associated with sustained peri-implant inflammation; however, whether magnitude of inflammation is proportionally dependent upon interface position remains unknown. This study compared the distribution and density of inflammatory cells surrounding implants with a supracrestal, crestal, or subcrestal implant-abutment interface. All implants developed a similar pattern of peri-implant inflammation: neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) maximally accumulated at or immediately coronal to the interface. However, peri-implant neutrophil accrual increased progressively as the implant-abutment interface depth increased, i.e., subcrestal interfaces promoted a significantly greater maximum density of neutrophils than did supracrestal interfaces (10,512 +/- 691 vs. 2398 +/- 1077 neutrophils/mm(2)). Moreover, inflammatory cell accumulation below the original bone crest was significantly correlated with bone loss. Thus, the implant-abutment interface dictates the intensity and location of peri-implant inflammatory cell accumulation, a potential contributing component in the extent of implant-associated alveolar bone loss.
Investigation on Electrochemical Property of AB/AI2O3- coated Li-excess Mn-based Layered Oxides (2016)

The AB and/or Al2O3-coated Li1.20Mn0.55Ni0.16Co0.09O2 were prepared by the mechanochemical reaction. The optimal condition for sample preparation was selected to be the rotation speed of 2000 rpm and the reaction time of 5 minutes by SEM and XANES measurements. Surface analysis using SEM and XANES data demonstrated that all the samples were rather uniformly covered with AB and/or nano-AEO3 particles. The AEO3- coated samples showed less discharge capacity and C-rate performance compared with the pristine sample, while the AB/Al2O3-coated sample showed almost the same discharge capacity and C-rate performance and had better cycle performance at 318 K compared with the pristine sample. These results demonstrate that the mechanochemical AB/Al2O3-coating process is an effective way of improving the cycle performance at high temperature without degrading the discharge capacity and C-rate performance.
Single and double isotope labeling of social insect colonies: Gamma‐emitting radionuclides as individually identifiable markers (1985)

Abstract Gamma‐emitting radionuclides were used in single and double‐isotope combinations to label individual colonies of the subterranean termite Reticulitermes flavipes Kol. Each of these radionuclides produces a characteristic and identifiable energy spectrum upon decay, and using whole‐body gamma spectroscopy, the characteristic spectral emission ‘signatures’ of each isotope and their relative quantities were detected in workers, brachypterous nymphs, and alates. Radionuclides present in a food source were rapidly incorporated into workers, and reached detection limits within one to three days. Isotopic labels were transferable between colony members, and all individuals in laboratory colonies were labeled within 21 days of initial contact with foragers that had fed at a labeled food source. Single‐ and double‐label nuclide markers were transferred to sexual forms (prealates and alates) by social food flow. Applications of radionuclide labeling and gamma spectroscopic analysis in insect behavioral ecology are discussed. RÉSUMÉ Marquage iso topique de colonies d'insectes sociaux: les radionucléides γ comme marqueurs individuels Des radionucléides γ ont été utilisés seuls ou en combinaison par 2 pour marquer des individus de colonies de Reticulitermes flavipes . Chaque radionucléide possède ses caractères spectraux. Avec un spectroscope γ très sensible, pouvant contenir l'insecte entier, il est possible d'identifier les ‘signatures’ spectrales de chaque isotope et les quantités relatives de chacun d'eux chez les ouvriers, les larves brachyptères et les ailés. Les radionucléides présents dans le papier consommé sont rapidement incorporés chez les ouvriers, et atteignent le seuil de détection en 1 à 3 jours. Le marquage isotopique se transmet entre les membres de la colonie; tous les habitants de colonies de laboratoire ont été contaminés en 21 jours, après des contacts avec des individus alimentés sur une source marquée. Les marqueurs isotopiques avec 1 ou 2 radionucléides sont transférés aux sexués par les échanges trophallaxiques. La discussion porte sur les applications du marquage aux radionucléides et l'analyse au spectroscope γ en écologie éthologique des insectes.
Alzheimer disease: Evidence for a central pathogenic role of iron-mediated reactive oxygen species (2004)

Free radical formation, abnormalities in iron and copper distribution, and metal-catalyzed oxidation have all been noted in Alzheimer disease and are thought to play an important role in disease pathogenesis. Metal-catalyzed hydroxyl radical formation results in damage to every category of macromolecule found in the vulnerable neuronal populations in Alzheimer disease. In fact, redox activity resides within the cytosol of vulnerable neurons. Since oxidative damage represents one of the earliest pathological changes in Alzheimer disease, it is likely that aberrant redox activity is among the earliest changes in the transition to the disease state. In this review, we consider the wealth of evidence implicating a central role for metals in Alzheimer disease.
Functional Dynamics of Deuterated β2‐Adrenergic Receptor in Lipid Bilayers Revealed by NMR Spectroscopy (2014)

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) exist in conformational equilibrium between active and inactive states, and the former population determines the efficacy of signaling. However, the conformational equilibrium of GPCRs in lipid bilayers is unknown owing to the low sensitivities of their NMR signals. To increase the signal intensities, a deuteration method was developed for GPCRs expressed in an insect cell/baculovirus expression system. The NMR sensitivities of the methionine methyl resonances from the β2 -adrenergic receptor (β2 AR) in lipid bilayers of reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) increased by approximately 5-fold upon deuteration. NMR analyses revealed that the exchange rates for the conformational equilibrium of β2 AR in rHDLs were remarkably different from those measured in detergents. The timescales of GPCR signaling, calculated from the exchange rates, are faster than those of receptor tyrosine kinases and thus enable rapid neurotransmission and sensory perception.
Natural Supernaturalism: Tradition and Revolution in Romantic Literature (1973)

Other| June 01 1973 Natural Supernaturalism: Tradition and Revolution in Romantic Literature M. H. Abrams. New York: W. W. Norton, 1971. 550 pp. $10.00. Frederick Garber Frederick Garber Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Modern Language Quarterly (1973) 34 (2): 206–213. https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-34-2-206 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Frederick Garber; Natural Supernaturalism: Tradition and Revolution in Romantic Literature. Modern Language Quarterly 1 June 1973; 34 (2): 206–213. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-34-2-206 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsModern Language Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1973 by Duke University Press1973 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Reviews You do not currently have access to this content.
Synthesis of the monooxoruthenium(V) complexes containing the aminopolycarboxylic acid ligands EDTA and PDTA and their reactivities in the oxidation of organic substrates. X-ray crystal structures of K[RuIII(EDTA-H)Cl].cntdot.2H2O and K[RuIII(PDTA-H)Cl].cntdot.0.5H2O (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of the monooxoruthenium(V) complexes containing the aminopolycarboxylic acid ligands EDTA and PDTA and their reactivities in the oxidation of organic substrates. X-ray crystal structures of K[RuIII(EDTA-H)Cl].cntdot.2H2O and K[RuIII(PDTA-H)Cl].cntdot.0.5H2OM. M. Taqui Khan, Debabrata Chatterjee, R. R. Merchant, P. Paul, S. H. R. Abdi, D. Srinivas, M. R. H. Siddiqui, M. A. Moiz, M. M. Bhadbhade, and K. VenkatasubramanianCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 13, 2711–2718Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00039a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00039a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views307Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Assessing chemotherapy dosing strategies in a spatial cell culture model (2022)

Predicting patient responses to chemotherapy regimens is a major challenge in cancer treatment. Experimental model systems coupled with quantitative mathematical models to calculate optimal dose and frequency of drugs can enable improved chemotherapy regimens. Here we developed a simple approach to track two-dimensional cell colonies composed of chemo-sensitive and resistant cell populations <i>via</i> fluorescence microscopy and coupled this to computational model predictions. Specifically, we first developed multiple 4T1 breast cancer cell lines resistant to varying concentrations of doxorubicin, and demonstrated how heterogeneous populations expand in a two-dimensional colony. We subjected cell populations to varied dose and frequency of chemotherapy and measured colony growth. We then built a mathematical model to describe the dynamics of both chemosensitive and chemoresistant populations, where we determined which number of doses can produce the smallest tumor size based on parameters in the system. Finally, using an <i>in vitro</i> model we demonstrated multiple doses can decrease overall colony growth as compared to a single dose at the same total dose. In the future, this system can be adapted to optimize dosing strategies in the setting of heterogeneous cell types or patient derived cells with varied chemoresistance.
Gain-of-Function Variant p.Pro2555Arg of von Willebrand Factor Increases Aggregate Size through Altering Stem Dynamics (2020)

The multimeric plasma glycoprotein (GP) von Willebrand factor (VWF) is best known for recruiting platelets to sites of injury during primary hemostasis. Generally, mutations in the <i>VWF</i> gene lead to loss of hemostatic activity and thus the bleeding disorder von Willebrand disease. By employing cone and platelet aggregometry and microfluidic assays, we uncovered a platelet GPIIb/IIIa-dependent prothrombotic gain of function (GOF) for variant p.Pro2555Arg, located in the C4 domain, leading to an increase in platelet aggregate size. We performed complementary biophysical and structural investigations using circular dichroism spectra, small-angle X-ray scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, molecular dynamics simulations on the single C4 domain, and dimeric wild-type and p.Pro2555Arg constructs. C4-p.Pro2555Arg retained the overall structural conformation with minor populations of alternative conformations exhibiting increased hinge flexibility and slow conformational exchange. The dimeric protein becomes disordered and more flexible. Our data suggest that the GOF does not affect the binding affinity of the C4 domain for GPIIb/IIIa. Instead, the increased VWF dimer flexibility enhances temporal accessibility of platelet-binding sites. Using an interdisciplinary approach, we revealed that p.Pro2555Arg is the first VWF variant, which increases platelet aggregate size and shows a shear-dependent function of the VWF stem region, which can become hyperactive through mutations. Prothrombotic GOF variants of VWF are a novel concept of a VWF-associated pathomechanism of thromboembolic events, which is of general interest to vascular health but not yet considered in diagnostics. Thus, awareness should be raised for the risk they pose. Furthermore, our data implicate the C4 domain as a novel antithrombotic drug target.
A comparative robustness evaluation of feedforward neurofilters (1994)

A comparative performance and robustness analysis is provided for feedforward neurofilters trained with back propagation to filter additive white noise. The signals used in this analysis are simulated pitch rate responses to typical pilot command inputs for a modern fighter aircraft model. Various configurations of nonlinear and linear neurofilters are trained to estimate exact signal values from input sequences of noisy sampled signal values. In this application, nonlinear neurofiltering is found to be more efficient than linear neurofiltering in removing the noise from responses of the nominal vehicle model, whereas linear neurofiltering is found to be more robust in the presence of changes in the vehicle dynamics. The possibility of enhancing neurofiltering through hybrid architectures based on linear and nonlinear neuroprocessing is therefore suggested as a way of taking advantage of the robustness of linear neurofiltering, while maintaining the nominal performance advantage of nonlinear neurofiltering.
EB-family proteins: Functions and microtubule interaction mechanisms (2017)

Microtubules are polymers of tubulin protein, one of the key components of cytoskeleton. They are polar filaments whose plus-ends usually oriented toward the cell periphery are more dynamic than their minus-ends, which face the center of the cell. In cells, microtubules are organized into a network that is being constantly rebuilt and renovated due to stochastic switching of its individual filaments from growth to shrinkage and back. Because of these dynamics and their mechanical properties, microtubules take part in various essential processes, from intracellular transport to search and capture of chromosomes during mitosis. Microtubule dynamics are regulated by many proteins that are located on the plus-ends of these filaments. One of the most important and abundant groups of plus-end-interacting proteins are EB-family proteins, which autonomously recognize structures of the microtubule growing plus-ends, modulate their dynamics, and recruit multiple partner proteins with diverse functions onto the microtubule plus-ends. In this review, we summarize the published data about the properties and functions of EB-proteins, focusing on analysis of their mechanism of interaction with the microtubule growing ends.
Nerve growth factor regulates the expression of the cholinergic locus and the high‐affinity choline transporter via the Akt/PKB signaling pathway (2008)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a trophic and survival factor for cholinergic neurons, and it induces the expression of several genes that are essential for synthesis and storage of acetylcholine (ACh), specifically choline acetyltransferase, vesicular ACh transporter (VAChT), and choline transporter. We have found previously that the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase pathway, but not the MEK/MAPK pathway, is the mediator of NGF-induced cholinergic differentiation. Here we demonstrate, in the rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 and in primary mouse neuronal cultures, that NGF-evoked up-regulation of these three cholinergic-specific genes is mediated by the anti-apoptotic signaling molecule Akt/protein kinase B. Inhibition of Akt activation by the pharmacological inhibitor 1L-6-hydroxymethyl-chiro-inositol 2(R)-2-O-methyl-3-O-octadecylcarbonate (HIMO), or by a peptide fragment derived from the proto-oncogene TLC1, eliminated NGF-stimulated increases in cholinergic gene expression, as demonstrated by RT-PCR and reporter gene assays. Moreover, treatment with HIMO reversed NGF-evoked increases in choline acetyltransferase activity and ACh production. In co-transfection assays with the reporter construct, a dominant-negative Akt plasmid and Akt1-specific small interfering RNA also attenuated NGF-induced cholinergic promoter activity. Our data indicate that, in addition to its well-described role in promoting neuronal survival, Akt can also mediate signals necessary for neurochemical differentiation.
Sulfur Cathodes Based on Conductive MXene Nanosheets for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries (2015)

Lithium-sulfur batteries are amongst the most promising candidates to satisfy emerging energy-storage demands. Suppression of the polysulfide shuttle while maintaining high sulfur content is the main challenge that faces their practical development. Here, we report that 2D early-transition-metal carbide conductive MXene phases-reported to be impressive supercapacitor materials-also perform as excellent sulfur battery hosts owing to their inherently high underlying metallic conductivity and self-functionalized surfaces. We show that 70 wt % S/Ti2 C composites exhibit stable long-term cycling performance because of strong interaction of the polysulfide species with the surface Ti atoms, demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies. The cathodes show excellent cycling performance with specific capacity close to 1200 mA h g(-1) at a five-hour charge/discharge (C/5) current rate. Capacity retention of 80 % is achieved over 400 cycles at a two-hour charge/discharge (C/2) current rate.