gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental evidence for the adsorption-desorption phenomenon on the spectroscopy impedance measurements of an electrolytic cell (2007)

The frequency dependence of the real and imaginary parts of the electrical impedance of an electrolytic cell in the low frequency range is experimentally investigated. We show that a possible candidate able to explain the anomalous increasing of the real part of the electrical impedance of the cell is the adsorption-desorption phenomenon at the bounding surfaces. Measurements are performed on cells of water solution containing KCl, of different thickness and concentration of KCl, limited by the same type of gold electrodes. The experimental data can be fitted with the same adsorption and desorption coefficients, appearing in the kinetic equations, in the Langmuir approximation. This result confirm that the electrical impedance of the interface introduced to interpret the observed increasing of the resistance of the cell, in the low frequency region, could be connected with the adsorption-desorption phenomenon.
Agriculture and the new challenges for photosynthesis research (2008)

A rising human population and changing patterns of land use mean that world food production rates will need to be increased by at least 50% by 2050, a massive rise in harvestable yield per hectare of the major crops such as rice (Oryza sativa) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). Combinations of breeding for improved morphology-related traits such as harvest index and increased inputs of water and fertilizer, which have sustained yield increases since the 1960s, will be neither sufficient nor sustainable. An important limiting factor will be the capacity to produce sufficient biomass during favourable growing periods. Here we analyse this problem in the context of increasing the efficiency of conversion of solar energy into biomass, that is, leaf and canopy photosynthesis. Focussing on crops carrying out C3 photosynthesis, we analyse the evidence for 'losses' in the process of conversion of solar energy into crop biomass and we explore novel mechanisms of improving biomass production rates, which have arisen from recent research into the fundamental primary processes of photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. We show that there are several lines of evidence that these processes are not fully optimized for maximum yield. We put forward the hypothesis that the chloroplast itself should be given greater prominence as a sensor, processor and integrator of highly variable environmental signals to allow a more efficient transduction of energy supply into biomass production.
EFTA: An Energy-efficient, Fault-Tolerant, and Area-optimized UAV Placement Scheme for Search Operations (2022)

Abstract-Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks have widespread applications, ranging from surveillance and disaster management in the military domain to transportation and delivery of goods in the civilian domain. Regardless of the application, the placement of routing UAV nodes (especially in networks spanning long distances) is crucial in determining network performance parameters such as network lifetime and data transmission delay. In this paper, an Energy-efficient, Fault-Tolerant, and Area-optimized UAV placement scheme (EFTA) is proposed for search operations. A cluster-based UAV network is considered, in which the Cluster Members (CMs) are mobile and scan the geographic area of interest. The Cluster Heads (CHs) are quasi-static and route information from the CMs to the Ground Control Station (GCS). A multi-objective Cuckoo Search Algorithm is used to determine the placement of the CHs while minimizing energy consumption, maximizing area coverage, and maximizing tolerance to node failures. Further, a comprehensive analysis was performed against a state-of-theart UAV placement algorithm. The analysis showed that EFTA gives a significant performance improvement when compared to the competing placement scheme in fault tolerance, power consumption, network lifetime, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio.
Nanoparticulate Architecture of Protein-Based Artificial Viruses Is Supported by Protein–DNA Interactions (2011)

The structural analysis of the protein in these hybrid nanoparticles indicates a molecular conformation with predominance of α-helix and the absence of cross-molecular, β-sheet-supported protein interactions. The nanoscale organizing forces generated by DNA-protein interactions can then be observed as a potentially tunable, critical factor in the design of protein-only based artificial viruses for gene therapy.
Comparison of the conformation of 20 international and 20 low level jumping horses using a 3-D video morphometric measurement method (2004)

International audience
Adipose Tissue 12/15 Lipoxygenase Pathway in Human Obesity and Diabetes (2014)

ALOX 12 may have a critical role in regulation of inflammation in VAT in obesity and T2D. Selective ALOX 12 inhibitors may constitute a new approach to limit AT inflammation in human obesity.
Subclass distribution of human antibodies to Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide. (1987)

The polysaccharide (PS) capsule of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is a "simple" antigen, polyribosylribitolphosphate. Although similar carbohydrate antigens have been reported to elicit IgG antibodies relatively restricted to the IgG2 subclass in man, we report here that Hib PS elicits substantial quantities of both IgG1 and IgG2 serum antibodies in most individuals. Because the determination of IgG subclass distribution can be technically difficult, we used four different approaches to establish our finding. First, we used an IgG subclass-specific, antigen-specific "sandwich assay." Second, we measured IgG subclasses of purified antibodies to Hib PS. Third, we showed that significant amounts of IgG anti-PS can be absorbed with a monoclonal anti-IgG1 affinity column. Fourth, we showed that IgG1 and IgG2 fractions of immune sera have clonally restricted anti-Hib PS antibodies that are easily distinguishable by their isoelectric points. The data indicate that both IgG1 and IgG2 contribute substantially to the IgG antibody response of most adults to immunization with Hib PS.
Immune-mediated neuropathies (1993)

Identification of immune-mediated neuropathies is important as these disorders often respond to treatment. Patterns of binding of serum M (monoclonal) proteins and autoantibodies correlate with, and may be diagnostic markers for, specific polyneuropathy syndromes. There is evidence that some of these antibodies may play a pathogenic role in polyneuropathy syndromes. Identification of specific immune polyneuropathy syndromes provides guidance regarding immunosuppressive regimens that may be effective treatments.
Abstract 688: Triphenylstannyl 2-(benzylcarbamoyl)benzoate (Ch-319) modulates AKT/FOXO3a signaling and inhibits progression of prostate cancer (2018)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous malignancy in men in the United States. Moreover, its incidence is predicted to surge in many parts of the world due to increase in aging population and change in dietary habits. The PTEN/AKT axis plays a critical role in regulating PCa growth and survival. Synthetic and natural compounds have been explored in preclinical models as potential inhibitors of AKT pathway that can suppress proliferation or induce apoptosis in PCa cells. Triphenyltin compounds are complexes of tin with three phenyl groups attached to hydrocarbon ligands. Structural modifications have been attempted to yield organotins with enhanced cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Here, we synthesized a series of triphenyltin (IV) carboxylate derivatives and evaluated their efficacy against PCa. From this library, triphenylstannyl 2-(benzylcarbamoyl)benzoate (Ch-319) was selected for further studies on the basis of its selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells. Treatment of PTEN-null PC3M and DU145 PCa cells with Ch-319 (250-500 nM) resulted in reduced viability and induction of cell cycle arrest associated with downregulation of PI3K and dephosphorylation of AKT and PRAS40. In parallel, elevation of FOXO3a expression, activation of pro-apoptotic Bax and downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 protein was observed. Flowcytometry revealed increased population of apoptotic cells in Ch-319 treated cells. Presensitization of PCa cells with Ch-319 augmented the effect of cabazitaxel, a commonly used taxane in patients with castration-resistant PCa. We next evaluated the effect of Ch-319 in a prostate-specific Pten-/- model where AKT activation is the major driving force for development of prostate adenocarcinoma. Mice treated with Ch-319 (5 µg/animal:intraperitoneally) for 6 weeks showed decreased tumor weights as compared to DMSO treated controls. Histological studies indicated a decrease in the number and size of foci in Ch-319 treated tumors. Consistently, reduced expression of androgen receptor, decreased phosphorylation of AKT and PRAS40 and increase in FOXO3a was observed in Ch-319 treated animals with no signs of organ toxicity. Our studies identify AKT/FOXO3a signaling as a target of triphenyltin (IV) carboxylate derivative Ch-319 and provide a molecular basis of its growth inhibitory effect in PCa cells. We propose that Ch-319 has potential to be developed as an anticancer agent against PCa. Citation Format: Durdana Waseem, Deeba N. Syed, Gul Majid Khan, Ihsan-ul Haq, Hasan Mukhtar. Triphenylstannyl 2-(benzylcarbamoyl)benzoate (Ch-319) modulates AKT/FOXO3a signaling and inhibits progression of prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 688.
Bacterial Population Changes in a Membrane Bioreactor for Graywater Treatment Monitored by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoretic Analysis of 16S rRNA Gene Fragments (2003)

The bacterial population of a graywater treatment system was monitored over the course of 100 days, along with several wastewater biochemical parameters. The graywater treatment system employed an 1,800-liter membrane bioreactor (MBR) to process the waste, with essentially 100% recycling of the biomass. Graywater feed consisting of 10% galley water and 90% laundry water, selected to approximate the graywater composition on board U.S. Navy ships, was collected offsite. Five-day biological oxygen demand (BOD(5)), oils and greases (O/G), nitrogen, and phosphorus were monitored in the feed and were found to vary greatly day to day. Changes in the bacterial population were monitored by PCR amplification of region 332 to 518 (Escherichia coli numbering) of the 16S rRNA gene and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of the resultant PCR products. DGGE analysis indicated a diverse and unstable bacterial population throughout the 100-day period, with spikes in feed strength causing significant changes in community structure. Long-term similarity between the communities was 0 to 25%, depending on the method of analysis. In spite of the unstable bacterial population, the MBR system was able to meet effluent quality parameters approximately 90% of the time.
Above the Trust and Security in Cloud Computing: A Notion Towards Innovation (2010)

While the nascent Cloud Computing paradigm supported by virtualization has the upward new notion of edges, it lacks proper security and trust mechanisms. Edges are like on demand scalability and infinite resource provisioning as per the `pay-as-you-go' manner in favour of a single information owner (abbreviated as INO from now onwards) to multiple corporate INOs. While outsourcing information to a cloud storage controlled by a cloud service provider (abbreviated as CSP from now onwards) relives an information owner of tackling instantaneous oversight and management needs, a significant issue of retaining the control of that information to the information owner still needs to be solved. This paper perspicaciously delves into the facts of the Cloud Computing security issues and aims to explore and establish a secure channel for the INO to communicate with the CSP while maintaining trust and confidentiality. The objective of the paper is served by analyzing different protocols and proposing the one in commensurate with the requirement of the security property like information or data confidentiality along the line of security in Cloud Computing Environment (CCE). To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to derive a secure protocol by successively eliminating the dangling pitfalls that remain dormant and thereby hamper confidentiality and integrity of information that is worth exchanging between the INO and the CSP. Besides, conceptually, our derived protocol is compared with the SSL from the perspectives of work flow related activities along the line of secure trusted path for information confidentiality.
Cloning and expression of multiple cellulase cDNAs from the anaerobic rumen fungus Neocallimastix patriciarum in Escherichia coli (1992)

A cDNA expression library of the rumen fungus Neocallimastix patriciarum was made in Escherichia coli. Cellulolytic clones were identified by screening on a medium containing carboxymethylcellulose. Restriction mapping and Southern hybridization analysis of selected clones revealed three distinct cellulase cDNAs, designated celA, celB and celC. Studies on the substrate specificity showed that the enzyme encoded by celA had high activity towards amorphous and microcrystalline cellulose, while the celB and celC enzymes had relatively high activity on carboxymethylcellulose, with little activity on microcrystalline cellulose. Analysis of hydrolysis products from defined cellodextrins showed that the celB and celC enzymes hydrolysed beta-1,4-glucosidic linkages randomly, whereas the celA enzyme cleaved cellotetraose to cellobiose, and cellopentaose to cellobiose and cellotriose. Cellobiose was also the only product detectable from hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose by the celA enzyme. Based on substrate specificity and catalytic mode, celA appears to encode a cellobiohydrolase, while celB and celC encode endoglucanases. Northern blot hybridization analysis showed that expression of the three cellulase transcripts in N. patriciarum was induced by cellulose.
Evaluation of weighted sum of grey gases coefficients for combustion gases using predicted emissivities from high resolution spectroscopic databases (2008)

A new set of weighted sum of grey gases coefficients have been predicted using new total emissivity databases for CO2 -H2 O mixtures and pure H2 O in different ranges of pressure. For this purpose, available high temperature spectroscopic databases were verified and suitable databases were selected. By line by line calculations, the total emissivity was calculated and the effects of total and partial pressures on this parameter were investigated. Finally, sets of total emissivity data on the wide range of temperatures and pressure path lengths were predicted which were used to estimate a new weighted sum of grey gases coefficients.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Simulation of Water Balance at Cathode and Stabilization of Power for Methanol Fuel Cells (1992)

On the methanol fuel cell which uses methanol as fuel directly, the important problem to keep high efficient and stable operation is to exhaust water generated in air electrode appropriately and to keep the best water balance without over wetting or drying in air electrode. Therefore, the theoretical equations were introduced to consider the relation between generated water by electrochemical reaction and exhausted water by the flowing air along the air flow direction.By using these equations, simulation on various conditions of operation and structure were made. As a result, the countermeasure to keep best water balance was found as follows.(1) The increasing of water reservation in air electrode with thicker electrode and the increasing of hydrophilic ability by addition of electrolyte were effective and applicable methods for practical use.(2) The reduction of water permeability in electorolyte layer is effective, which was attained by the system with solid polymer electrolyte and without sulfuric acid.(3) Larger air chamber depth and appropriate humidity control of inlet air are effective. However, these methods are limited to use because of the increasing of size and flow-rate.
Determination of carbon-14 in biological material by flask combustion and suspension scintillation counting of carbon-14 labelled calcium carbonate (1970)

Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is used as the absorbent in an oxygen-flask technique to avoid the risk of an explosion when an organic liquid absorbent is introduced into an oxygen atmosphere. Calcium carbonate is precipitated in the solution in the presence of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, which produces uniform precipitates giving reproducible count-rates.
Examining the synergistic effects of a cognitive control video game and a home-based, self-administered non-invasive brain stimulation on alleviating depression: the DiSCoVeR trial protocol (2022)

Enhanced behavioral interventions are gaining increasing interest as innovative treatment strategies for major depressive disorder (MDD). In this study protocol, we propose to examine the synergistic effects of a self-administered home-treatment, encompassing transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) along with a video game based training of attentional control. The study is designed as a two-arm, double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled multi-center trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04953208). At three study sites (Israel, Latvia, and Germany), 114 patients with a primary diagnosis of MDD undergo 6 weeks of intervention (30 × 30 min sessions). Patients assigned to the intervention group receive active tDCS (anode F3 and cathode F4; 2 mA intensity) and an action-like video game, while those assigned to the control group receive sham tDCS along with a control video game. An electrode-positioning algorithm is used to standardize tDCS electrode positioning. Participants perform their designated treatment at the clinical center (sessions 1-5) and continue treatment at home under remote supervision (sessions 6-30). The endpoints are feasibility (primary) and safety, treatment efficacy (secondary, i.e., change of Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores at week six from baseline, clinical response and remission, measures of social, occupational, and psychological functioning, quality of life, and cognitive control (tertiary). Demonstrating the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of this novel combined intervention could expand the range of available treatments for MDD to neuromodulation enhanced interventions providing cost-effective, easily accessible, and low-risk treatment options.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04953208.
PSYCHOLOGICAL INDEXES AS ACADEMIC SUCCESS PROGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR STUDENTS IN THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY (2017)

Background. This study contributes to theon-going University research of personal characteristics, self-regulation features and professional self-determination among junior medical students in order to develop an effectivecomplex system of psychological support. The purpose of the study was to find psychological criteria that could be significantly prognostic for academic success in the Univercity. Psychodiagnostic tests (Big Five P.Costa, R.McRae; State – Trait AnxietyInvertory, method of V. I. Morosanova, Style of Self-Regulation Test) and special Survey have been used to study professional self-determination, personal characteristics and self-regulationfeatures. Grade Point Average (GPA) for the study duration,calculated as the ratio of the sum of all ratings for number of passed objects, number of sessions without debts and the existence of debts were taken as academic success criteria. Materials and methods . The study involved 697 the 3rd year students of «Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University». Psychological testing of these students were conducted twice (during the first and the third years of education). The first year psychological test results have been used to search the role of psychological parameters in academic success prognostic criteria. Results. Lower situational anxiety and ability to program, evaluate and plan actions have been found significant in predicting higher grade point average; lower self-regulation of behavior, lower organization, conscientiousness and extraversion – in predicting expulsion from the University. Further development. It is important to use the study results in order to develop programs of psychological support and individual approach to students with lower intellectual and personal resources at the beginning but who still would like to complete education. Conclusions . The received results demonstrate the necessity for further in-depth and consistent study of correlation between psychological variables and academic success, and further search for academic success prognostic criteria.
Simulation Insights for Graphene-Based Water Desalination Membranes (2013)

Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to study the transport of water and ions through pores created on the basal plane of one graphene sheet (GS). Graphene pore diameters ranged from 7.5 to 14.5 Å. Different pore functionalities were considered, obtained by tethering various functional groups to the terminal carbon atoms. The ease of ion and water translocation across the pores was monitored by calculating the potential of mean force along the direction perpendicular to the GS pore. The results indicate that effective ion exclusion can be achieved only using nonfunctionalized (pristine) pores of diameter ~7.5 Å, whereas the ions can easily penetrate pristine pores of diameters ~10.5 and 14.5 Å. Carboxyl functional groups can enhance ion exclusion for all pores considered, but the effect becomes less pronounced as both the ion concentration and the pore diameter increase. When compared to a carbon nanotube of similar pore diameter, our results suggest that GS pores functionalized with COO(-) groups are more effective in excluding Cl(-) ions from passing through the membrane. Our results suggest that narrow graphene pores functionalized with hydroxyl groups remain effective at excluding Cl(-) ions even at moderate solution ionic strength. The results presented could be useful for the design of water desalination membranes.
ChemInform Abstract: Transformations of Acetylene Ligands at Triethylphosphine‐Substituted Iron Carbonyl Fragments. (1988)

Abstract The dinitrogen complex (I) reacts with the acetylenes (II) to yield the η2‐acetylene complexes (III).
A Technique for Assessing Tire Forces in a Vehicle Moving Along a Harmonic Profile and Its Application to Low-Speed Testing (2005)

The paper is concerned with the assessment of dynamic tire forces that arise when a vehicle traverses a road with a harmonic profile. In this case, solutions of all equations are found analytically. The technique developed is not specific to a particular linear vehicle model, which is represented by its mass, stiffness, and damping matrices. A factored representation of the vector of the tire forces as the product of a matrix and a vector, where both the matrix and the vector are functions of only one variable, is derived. The matrix is constructed either by the mathematical model of the vehicle or by results of special tests on the vehicle at several values of speed. The vector is given by an explicit formula and requires knowledge of only the wheelbase distances. An application of the technique discussed to the so-called low-speed testing is discussed. It is shown that, in spite of the wheelbase filtering phenomenon, it is possible to replace testing vehicles at highway speeds by tests at artificially low speeds. The results of the latter tests can then be recalculated into those corresponding to the highway conditions. The discussions are illustrated by numerical examples.