gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estrogens and the skin (2005)

Estrogen loss at menopause has a profound influence on skin. Estrogen treatment in postmenopausal women has been repeatedly shown to increase collagen content, dermal thickness and elasticity, and data on the effect of estrogen on skin water content are also promising. Further, physiologic studies on estrogen and wound healing suggest that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may play a beneficial role in cutaneous injury repair. Results on the effect of HRT on other physiologic characteristics of skin, such as elastin content, sebaceous secretions, wrinkling and blood flow, are discordant. Given the responsiveness of skin to estrogen, the effects of HRT on aging skin require further examination, and careful molecular studies will likely clarify estrogen's effects at the cellular level.
Verbessertes Beölungssystem für „Nasse Bremsen“ im Traktor (2015)

Bei höheren Traktorgeschwindigkeiten, und damit höheren Bremsscheibendrehzahlen kommt es zu einer dramatischen Verschlechterung der Beölungssituation der Bremsscheibe. Die Ölströmung in den Nuten wird so schnell, dass eine größere Ölmenge abgeführt wird, als nachfließen kann. Dies führt dazu, dass ein Öl-Luft-Gemisch durch die Nuten des Bremsbelages fließt. Beim Bremsen tritt stellenweise Trockenreibung auf. Dies kann unter Umständen zu „Hot Spots“ an Kolben und Anlaufscheibe und zum Verglasen des Bremsbelages oder zu Bremsbelagverschleiß führen. Eine bessere Beölung wird durch Drosselung des Ölrücklaufs durch eine gezielt dimensionierte Ölrücklaufbohrung erreicht.
Long-Term Memory Networks for Question Answering (2017)

Question answering is an important and difficult task in the natural language processing domain, because many basic natural language processing tasks can be cast into a question answering task. Several deep neural network architectures have been developed recently, which employ memory and inference components to memorize and reason over text information, and generate answers to questions. However, a major drawback of many such models is that they are capable of only generating single-word answers. In addition, they require large amount of training data to generate accurate answers. In this paper, we introduce the Long-Term Memory Network (LTMN), which incorporates both an external memory module and a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) module to comprehend the input data and generate multi-word answers. The LTMN model can be trained end-to-end using back-propagation and requires minimal supervision. We test our model on two synthetic data sets (based on Facebook's bAbI data set) and the real-world Stanford question answering data set, and show that it can achieve state-of-the-art performance.
Pre–T-cell receptor binds MHC: Implications for thymocyte signaling and selection (2015)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
New Fluorenyl-Substituted Dioxotetraamine Ligands and Their Copper(II) Complexes − Crystal Structure and Fluorescent Sensing Properties in Aqueous Solution (2002)

Two new ligands consisting of a fluorenyl and dioxotetraaza unit, namely, 2,10-diamino-6-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)-4,8-diazaundecane-5,7-dione (L1) and 1-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazadecane-5,6-dione (L2) along with their copper(II) complexes have been synthesized. Their properties were examined by ES-MS and CV in aqueous solution and the crystal structure of the copper(II) complex of L1 has also been determined. The recognition of the transition metal ions (Cu2+, Ni2+, etc.) by receptors has been studied in aqueous solutions using pH-potentiometric and fluorimetric titrations. The results show that the binding of Cu2+ or Ni2+ ion with L1 leads to quenching of the fluorescence of the fluorenyl group, but on the contrary the fluorescence of L2 is enhanced. The mechanisms are discussed.
Die Auswirkungen der gesetzlichen Mitbestimmung auf die Innovationsaktivität deutscher Unternehmen (2004)

Der vorliegende Artikel untersucht die Auswirkungen des Mitbestimmungsgesetzes von 1976 (MitbestG) auf die Innovationstätigkeit deutscher Aktiengesellschaften des verarbeitenden Gewerbes. Zahlreiche Großunternehmen mit mehr als 2000 Beschäftigten sind von diesem Gesetz, welches den Arbeitnehmern weitreichende Mitbestimmungsrechte auf Unternehmensebene garantiert, betroffen. Da gerade diesen Rechten eine hohe Bedeutung für die Entwicklung von technischem Fortschritt und Beschäftigung beigemessen wird, erscheint es sinnvoll zu untersuchen, wie sich gesetzliche Eingriffe in die unternehmerische Entscheidungsfreiheit auf diese bedeutsame Größe auswirkt. Zur Analyse dieser Fragestellung kombinieren wir Patentdaten der Jahre 1971-1990, welche als Indikator für die unternehmerische Innovationsaktivität verwendet werden, mit Unternehmens- und Branchendaten von 155 Aktiengesellschaften. Dieses Sample mit insgesamt 1961 Beobachtungen ermöglicht es zu zeigen, dass das häufig angeführte Argument, gesetzliche Mitbestimmung behindere technischen Fortschritt, empirisch nicht belegt werden kann. Das Ergebnis bleibt bei Anwendung verschiedener adäquater Schätzmethoden konsistent.
Simulative Comparison of Multiprotocol Label Switching and OpenFlow Network Technologies for Transmission Operations (2013)

Utility companies are integrating multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) technologies into existing backbone networks, including networks between substations and control centers. MPLS has mechanisms for efficient overlay technologies as well as mechanisms to enhance security: features essential to the functioning of the smart grid. However, with MPLS routing and other switching technologies innovation is restricted to the features enclosed “in the box.” More specifically, there is no practical way for utility operators or researchers to test new ideas such as alternatives to IP or MPLS on a realistic scale to obtain the experience and confidence necessary for real world deployments. As a result, novel ideas go untested. Conversely, the OpenFlow framework has enabled significant advancements in network research. OpenFlow provides utility operators and researchers the programmability and flexibility necessary to enable innovation in next-generation communication architectures for the smart grid. This level of flexibility allows OpenFlow to provide all features of MPLS and also allows OpenFlow devices to co-exist with existing MPLS devices. The simulation results in this paper demonstrate that OpenFlow performs as well as MPLS, and may therefore be considered an alternative to MPLS for smart grid applications.
Laurent Inversion (2015)

We describe a practical and effective method for reconstructing the deformation class of a Fano manifold X from a Laurent polynomial f that corresponds to X under Mirror Symmetry. We explore connections to nef partitions, the smoothing of singular toric varieties, and the construction of embeddings of one (possibly-singular) toric variety in another. In particular, we construct degenerations from Fano manifolds to singular toric varieties; in the toric complete intersection case, these degenerations were constructed previously by Doran--Harder. We use our method to find models of orbifold del Pezzo surfaces as complete intersections and degeneracy loci, and to construct a new four-dimensional Fano manifold.
The Effect of Web Based Strengthening Muscle Exercise Program in the V,O2max, Back Muscle Strength and Flexiblity (2011)

The study compares the difference in maximum oxygen, back muscle and flexibility for subjects using a web based exercise program and an off line exercise program. 16 healthy men and women participated are randomly assigned to either an online exercise group or an offline exercise group. This study tests three times a week, for 60 minutes, with a total of 24 episodes were a total of eight week period. Measurements of back strength, maximum oxygen consumption and flexibility were statistically analysed obtained the average and standard deviation values using statistics Program. In the results, maximum oxygen uptake and back strength, flexibility changes in time of anterior flexion·posterior flexion were statistically significant (p.05). The difference about the period group of anterior flexion·posterior flexion was not statistically significant(p.05). Only back strength shows significant difference about the period group(p.05). However, when the amount of increase or decrease in 4 weeks after experimenting compared with the one in 4 weeks before experimenting, these were not statistically significant.(p.05). In this study, although a web-based exercise not significantly affect maximal oxygen uptake, back strength, flexibility and anterior felxion·posterior flexion. The regular and sustained exercise program will be the effects of exercise itself, because it appeared an improvement on maximal oxygen uptake and back strength, flexibility, after exercising rather than before exercising.
Privacy-Preserving Distributed Stream Monitoring (NDSS 2014) (2014)

Abstract—Applications such as sensor network monitoring, distributed intrusion detection, and real-time analysis of financial data necessitate the processing of distributed data streams on the fly. While efficient data processing algorithms enable such applications, they require access to large amounts of often personal information, and could consequently create privacy risks. Previous works have studied how privacy risks could be mitigated through the application of differential privacy to continuous stream monitoring, focusing mostly on evaluating simple aggregates over the streams, such as counts and sums. However, many real world applications require monitoring a complex value derived from the streams, e.g., detecting that the correlation between the values of two stocks traded in different exchanges has crossed a threshold. In this paper we present a general framework that en-ables monitoring arbitrary functions over statistics derived from distributed data streams in a privacy-preserving manner. Our solution allows the monitoring of complex values derived from the streams, while preventing adversaries from learning about any particular element in the processed streams. We study the relationship between communication efficiency and privacy loss, and demonstrate that for given privacy constraints, our approach allows the system to be monitored over periods that are three orders of magnitude longer than would be possible with a naive approach. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to tackle privacy-preserving distributed monitoring of arbitrary functions, including non-linear functions, and to evaluate empir-ically the applicability of privacy-preserving stream monitoring in such settings. I.
Strategien zur Bekämpfung von Brandkrankheiten bei Getreide im Ökologischen Landbau (2006)

Getreidebrände als saatgutübertragbare Erkrankungen der Ähre haben im Ökologischen Landbau stärkere Bedeutung erlangt, weil eine Beizung mit hochwirksamen Fungiziden unterbleibt. Eine Bekämpfung ist jedoch zwingend notwendig, weil in der Regel Ertragseinbußen eintreten und die Sporen toxikologisch bedenklich sind. Zudem droht der Saatgutvermehrung Schaden, denn bereits mehr als drei bzw. fünf befallene Pflanzen pro 150 m² führen zur Aberkennung des Basis- bzw. Z-Saatgutes. Resistente Sorten stehen kaum zur Verfügung, denn wegen der Saatbeizung bestand für die Züchtung seit Jahrzehnten keine Notwendigkeit, sich einer Resistenzzüchtung zu widmen. Das spiegelt sich auch in den Zulassungskriterien des Bundessortenamtes wider, wo die Anfälligkeit der Sorten auf Brandkrankheiten nicht berücksichtigt wird. Bei den relevanten Brandkrankheiten handelt es sich bei allen Triticum-Arten um Steinbrand (Tilletia tritici), Zwergsteinbrand (Tilletia controversa) und Flugbrand (Ustilago tritici), bei Gerste um Flugbrand (U. nuda) und Hartbrand (U. hordei) sowie bei Hafer um Flugbrand (U. avenae). Die Bekämpfung der Getreidebrände im Öko-Landbau ist spätestens seit der EU-Verordnung Nr. 1452/2003, welche die Verwendung von Saatgut aus ökologischem Anbau vorschreibt, eine vordringliche Aufgabe der Forschung. In Deutschland werden derzeit verschiedene Forschungsvorhaben zu dieser Problematik durchgeführt (Wilbois et al. 2005; Spieß 2006).
Caseinomacropeptide behaviour in a whey protein fractionation process based on α-lactalbumin precipitation (2011)

This work studied the behaviour of caseinomacropeptide (CMP) in a whey protein fractionation process based on the selective precipitation of α-lactalbumin (α-la) in an acid medium. Three different acids (hydrochloric, citric and lactic) and different operating conditions (protein concentration, temperature and pH) were considered to perform the precipitation step. Under the optimised precipitation conditions obtained for α-la (pH 4, 55°C, initial α-la concentration around 12 g/l) CMP presents quite similar behaviour to that observed for β-lactoglobulin (β-lg), namely remaining in the supernatant fraction. However, at a lower pH value (3.5) the amount of precipitated CMP increases up to 72% when citric acid is added. This behaviour could be due to the fact that CMP is close to its isoelectric point, which allows a supernatant fraction enriched in β-lg that is almost free from the rest of proteins in sweet whey.
Wideband disc‐ring dielectric resonator antenna (2002)

Abstract A dielectric resonator excited by a coaxial probe and designed for an omni‐directional pattern is considered. Combining two dielectric resonators of different dielectric material with each other enhances bandwidth. The effect of antenna parameters such as dielectric constant and probe length are investigated. The analysis is performed numerically, using the method of moments and verified by the FDTD method. The agreement between the two methods is excellent. A 45% bandwidth is achieved with this structure. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 425–428, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10628
Immunolabeling of lipopolysaccharide liberated from antibiotic-treated Escherichia coli (1988)

Increased anti-core glycolipid antibody binding was visualized by immunoelectron microscopy after incubation of Escherichia coli K1:O7 cells with a bacteriolytic antibiotic and compared with binding in control cells. The findings suggest that the core glycolipid regions of the lipopolysaccharides of some gram-negative bacilli can be effectively sequestered until liberated by antibiotic-induced cell lysis.
Measurement of Reduced Gingival Melanosis after Smoking Cessation: A Novel Analysis of Gingival Pigmentation Using Clinical Oral Photographs (2016)

The GMR is an effective method to assess gingival melanosis. The loss of gingival melanosis after smoking cessation can be objectively confirmed with the use of the GMR.
ChemInform Abstract: Design of Sophisticated Bidentate Lewis Acids and Organocatalysts for Fine Organic Synthesis (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Normen und Regelwerke (2011)

Dieses Kapitel beinhaltet: Einleitung Die ÖNORMB 1992-1-1 – Der Österreichische Nationale Anhang zur EN 1992-1-1 Technische Regeln des Beton-, Stahlbeton- und Spannbetonbaus Listen und Verzeichnisse Literatur
Optical isomers of metaraminol. Synthesis and biological activity (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOptical isomers of metaraminol. Synthesis and biological activityNoel F. Albertson, F. C. McKay, H. E. Lape, J. O. Hoppe, W. H. Selberis, and A. ArnoldCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1970, 13, 1, 132–134Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00295a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00295a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views222Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Release behaviour of amoxicillin from chitosan coated liposomes derived from eggs (2016)

The Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka publishes the results of research in all aspects of Science and Technology. The journal also has a website at http://www.nsf.gov.lk/. 2021 Impact Factor: 0.682The JNSF provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.Cover :Leatherback (a), green (b - adult &amp; f - hatchling), hawksbill (c) and olive ridley (d) turtles who nest in Sri Lankan beaches, green turtle crawl marks (e) and by-catch of sea turtles in fisheries (c &amp; d)Photo credits: SJ Perera (a &amp; c), WPN Perera (b &amp; e), K Ekaratne (d &amp; f)
Enhancing the Stress Tolerance and Virulence of an Entomopathogen by Metabolic Engineering of Dihydroxynaphthalene Melanin Biosynthesis Genes (2011)

Entomopathogenic fungi have been used for biocontrol of insect pests for many decades. However, the efficacy of such fungi in field trials is often inconsistent, mainly due to environmental stresses, such as UV radiation, temperature extremes, and desiccation. To circumvent these hurdles, metabolic engineering of dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin biosynthetic genes (polyketide synthase, scytalone dehydratase, and 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene reductase genes) cloned from Alternaria alternata were transformed into the amelanotic entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Melanin expression in the transformant of M. anisopliae was verified by spectrophotometric methods, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and confocal microscopy. The transformant, especially under stresses, showed notably enhanced antistress capacity and virulence, in terms of germination and survival rate, infectivity, and reduced median time to death (LT50) in killing diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) larvae compared with the wild type. The possible mechanisms in enhancing the stress tolerance and virulence, and the significance and potential for engineering melanin biosynthesis genes in other biocontrol agents and crops to improve antistress fitness are discussed.
Modulation of gene expression in human osteoblasts by targeting a distal promoter region of human estrogen receptor-alpha gene (2002)

Estrogen receptor (ER) alpha is expressed during osteoblast differentiation; however, both its functional role in bone metabolism and its involvement in osteoporotic pathogenesis caused by estrogen deficiency are not well understood. Loss of ER alpha gene expression could be one of the mechanisms leading to osteoporosis. Therefore, we investigated a possible modulation of ER alpha gene expression in a human osteoblastic cell line and in four primary osteoblast cultures by using a decoy strategy. Double stranded DNA molecules, mimicking a regulatory region of the ER alpha gene promoter (DNA-102) and acting as a 'silencer' in breast cancer cells, were introduced into osteoblasts as 'decoy' cis-elements to bind and functionally inactivate a putative negative transcription factor, and thus to induce ER alpha gene expression. We found that the DNA-102 molecule was able to specifically bind osteoblast nuclear proteins. Before decoy treatment, absence or variable low levels of ER alpha RNAs in the different cultures were detected. When the cells were transfected with the DNA-102 decoy, an increase in expression of ER alpha and osteoblastic markers, such as osteopontin, was observed, indicating a more differentiated osteoblastic phenotype both in the cell line and in primary cultures. These results showed that the DNA-102 sequence competes with endogenous specific negative transcription factors that may be critical for a decrease in or lack of ER alpha gene transcription. Therefore, osteoblastic transfection with the DNA-102 decoy molecule may be considered a tempting model in a putative therapeutic approach for those pathologies, such as osteoporosis, in which the decrease or loss of ER alpha expression plays a critical role in bone function.
cAMP-specific PDE4 phosphodiesterases and AIP in the pathogenesis of pituitary tumors (2016)

PDE4 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases regulate cAMP abundance in cells and therefore regulate numerous processes, including cell growth and differentiation. The rat PDE4A5 isoform (human homolog PDE4A4) interacts with the AIP protein (also called XAP2 or ARA-9). Germline mutations in AIP occur in approximately 20% of patients with Familial Isolated Pituitary Adenoma (FIPA) and 20% of childhood-onset simplex somatotroph adenomas. We therefore examined the protein expression of PDE4A4 and the closely related isoform PDE4A8 in normal human pituitary tissue and in pituitary adenomas. PDE4A4 had low expression in normal pituitary but was significantly overexpressed in somatotroph, lactotroph, corticotroph and clinically nonfunctioning gonadotroph adenomas (P<0.0001 for all subtypes). Likewise, PDE4A8 was expressed in normal pituitary and was also significantly overexpressed in the adenoma subtypes (P<0.0001 for all). Among the different adenoma subtypes, corticotroph and lactotroph adenomas were the highest and lowest expressed for PDE4A4, respectively, whereas the opposite was observed for PDE4A8. Naturally occurring oncogenic variants in AIP were shown by a two-hybrid assay to disrupt the ability of AIP to interact with PDE4A5. A reverse two-hybrid screen identified numerous additional variants in the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) region of AIP that also disrupted its ability to interact with PDE4A5. The expression of PDE4A4 and PDE4A8 in normal pituitary, their increased expression in adenomatous pituitary cells where AIP is meant to participate, and the disruption of the PDE4A4-AIP interaction by AIP mutants may play a role in pituitary tumorigenesis.
Simultaneous fluorometric determination of vitamins A and E in serum. (1989)

A simple fluorometric method suitable for serial determinations is reported for simultaneous determination of vitamins A and E in serum. The solvents are pretreated chemically and by distillation. After shaking with ascorbic acid in ethanol, the vitamins are extracted from the serum samples with petroleum ether. The extract is used for the determination. The sensitivity of the method is 20 micrograms/100 ml for vitamin A and 0.04 micrograms/ml for vitamin E. Recovery rates are between 87 and 106%. The method was tested on a total of 160 serum samples of healthy animals belonging to 8 different species. The results showed good agreement with the so-called reference values published in the literature.