gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On query result diversification (2011)

In this paper we describe a general framework for evaluation and optimization of methods for diversifying query results. In these methods, an initial ranking candidate set produced by a query is used to construct a result set, where elements are ranked with respect to relevance and diversity features, i.e., the retrieved elements should be as relevant as possible to the query, and, at the same time, the result set should be as diverse as possible. While addressing relevance is relatively simple and has been heavily studied, diversity is a harder problem to solve. One major contribution of this paper is that, using the above framework, we adapt, implement and evaluate several existing methods for diversifying query results. We also propose two new approaches, namely the Greedy with Marginal Contribution (GMC) and the Greedy Randomized with Neighborhood Expansion (GNE) methods. Another major contribution of this paper is that we present the first thorough experimental evaluation of the various diversification techniques implemented in a common framework. We examine the methods' performance with respect to precision, running time and quality of the result. Our experimental results show that while the proposed methods have higher running times, they achieve precision very close to the optimal, while also providing the best result quality. While GMC is deterministic, the randomized approach (GNE) can achieve better result quality if the user is willing to tradeoff running time.
Mammalian endo-exonuclease activity and its level in various radiation sensitive cell lines (1995)

The levels of endo-exonuclease in various mammalian cell lines were examined. While the expression of the endo-exonuclease during cell growth behaved exactly the same as the pattern observed in lower eukaryotes, the amount of activity was found to be reduced in the radiosensitive Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) xrs-5 and various human AT, AT-5 and NE-1 cells when compared to the radionormal CHO K1 and human HeLa cell lines. The reduced endo-exonuclease activity in these cells was due to a decreased amount of protein as demonstrated with the immuno-blot method. The results presented here suggest that endo-exonuclease may be one of the many proteins whose expression is regulated by genes coding for xrs-5 in CHO and AT in bumans.
Resonant tunneling times in superlattice structures (1996)

We present a rigorous and convenient approach for estimating the resonant states from the pole of the scattering matrix (reflection coefficient) in the complex energy plane and for determining the resonant tunneling time from the spacing of the energy doublets arising at resonance. The numerical calculation is much faster than numerical integration of the Schrödinger equation. When we apply this method to the coupling of two identical quantum wells, it is shown that the usual and naive estimation of resonant tunneling time through the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method is invalid.
Laser fusion hollow glass microspheres by the liquid-droplet method (1978)

Commercial glass hollow microspheres have proven to be unacceptable for use as high-density laser fusion targets. We have developed processes at LLL for the production of laser fusion glass microspheres of high quality. In this paper we describe one such process, the liquid-droplet method. This process is now fairly well understood, and glass microspheres ranging from 100 to 350 ..mu.. O.D. and 0.5 to 20 ..mu.. wall thickness can be produced routinely that meet the stringent specifications of high-density targets.
A 22.2 Multichannel Sound System for Ultrahigh-Definition TV (UHDTV) (2008)

A 22.2 multichannel sound system was developed for an ultrahigh-definition TV (UHDTV) system. It consists of three layers of loudspeakers: an upper layer with nine channels, a middle layer with ten channels, and a lower layer with three channels and two channels for low-frequency effects (LFE). Subjective evaluations were performed comparing the impression of various spatial attributes using UHDTV contents with pictures in a large room. These evaluations demonstrate that viewers have better impressions of various spatial attributes in a wider listening area with the 22.2 multichannel sound system than with other sound systems. This paper describes the 22.2 multichannel system for UHDTV, and discusses the advantages of 22.2 multichannel sound. It also describes the sound recordings and productions by the 22.2 multichannel sound system.
Latest insights into the effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on gastric carcinogenesis (2006)

看起来是在 Helicobacter pylori (H pylori ) 和胃的癌症之间的强壮的协会。我们在胃的致癌作用上关于 H pylori 感染的效果考察了最近的证据，分类进传染病学，胃的粘膜变化的动力学， DNA 损坏，毒力因素，主人因素，和胃的恶意的来源。通过在对源于 H pylori 紧张之间的差别的毒力因素的研究取得的可观的进步，例如 cagA 确实，以及进主人因素，例如基因多型性，包括胃的癌症， H 联系 pylori 的疾病的一个多样的系列把自己正在借给说明。当发展研究上的胃的恶意的潜在的来源与兴趣尚待分晓，建议骨头髓的 Houghton 等推进的新奇假设的影响导出干细胞(BMDC ) 。进一步作为胃的癌症的可行预防在对 H pylori 根除，以及进胃的致癌作用的机制的研究进行，是急切地被等候当前的年并且在以外。
Theoretical investigation of laser-sustained argon plasmas (1986)

A theoretical model has been developed for laser-sustained argon plasmas in a forced convective axisymmetric pipe flow. The two-dimensional model based on Navier–Stokes equations was solved using a finite difference algorithm, and included geometric optics, temperature-dependent thermodynamic, transport, and optical properties, as well as radiation-induced thermal conductivity. The results showed good agreement with existing experimental data on temperature distribution, shape, and size of the plasma. The calculated velocity distribution revealed the complexity of the flow field and indicated that the constant axial mass flux (product of axial velocity and density) assumption adopted by existing one-dimensional and semi-two-dimensional models is not adequate. The radiation transfer was found to have a significant influence on the predicted temperature distribution and peak temperature of laser-sustained plasmas.
GA-Based Resource Augmentation Negotation for Energy-Optimised Mobile Ad-hoc Cloud (2016)

Mobile and cloud computing are two areas which are rapidly expanding in terms of use case and functionality. An ad-hoc mobile cloud can be constructed upon local devices, where devices work together and share resources, aspects such as energy and costs may be minimised. This paper builds on previous work which proposed an end-to-end system whereby user applications may be profiled for their resource consumption locally and then if augmentation is required, they may negotiate with a local mobile ad-hoc cloud for optimum energy and resource utilisation. The contribution of this paper focuses upon a novel and adapted Genetic Algorithm approach to resource negotiation in order to further enable energy-optimised resource augmentation for Mobile Ad-hoc clouds.
Cabaran dakwah di Malaysia sebelum dan selepas merdeka (2012)

Dakwah Islamiah di Malaysia mempunyai asas sejarah yang unik. Penemuan beberapa bahan bukti seperti batu bersurat, batu nisan, dinar emas dan sebagainya adalah menunjukkan Islam telah bertapak ke Negara ini sejak sekian lama. Cara dan proses penyebaran dakwah melalui peranan para ahli sufi dan pedagang Muslim memperkukuhkan kedudukan Islam ke Negara ini. Di period sebelum kemerdekaan, proses perjalanan dakwah dan cabarannya tidaklah begitu kompleks namun terpaksa berhadapan dengan situasi yang agak kritikal, misalnya tercetusnya konflik Kaum Tua-Kaum Muda. Selepas kemerdekaan, cabaran dakwah menjadi lebih rencam, beragam dan lebih kritikal. Jumlah penduduk yang semakin bertambah lagi majmuk, masalah pendekatan, cabaran menangani masalah dalaman umat Islam, pertentangan dengan lain-lain ideology dan kepercayaan adalah antara cabaran yang mendepani dakwah di abad baru. Artikel ini cuba membincangkan isu-isu berkaitan cabaran dakwah di Malaysia sebelum dan selepas merdeka.
Fluorescence polarization immunoassay. I. Monitoring aminoglycoside antibiotics in serum and plasma. (1981)

Fluorescence polarization immunoassays of the aminoglycoside antibiotics gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin in plasma and serum are described and shown to be clinically useful. The aminoglycoside tracers were prepared by reacting the parent compounds with 5-[(4,6-dichlorotriazin-2-yl)-amino] fluorescein. Antisera specific for the compounds were raised in rabbits by conventional procedures. Tracer, sample, and diluted antiserum are combined and, after a 15-min incubation at ambient temperature, the polarization of the fluorescence of the tracer is determined in a specially designed fluorometer. The assays are designed to give accurate trough (i.e., minimum during therapy) values and to be free of matrix effects. Severely icteric samples may interfere, but this can be overcome by blank subtraction. The performance of the assays with clinical specimens compared favorably with that of some commercially available assays.
Reliability study of digital silicon photonic MEMS switches (2015)

We report on the reliability test of 50×50 digital silicon photonic MEMS switches. The switch operates reliably over 10 billion cycles and up to 48 hours of continuous contact in ambient environment without packaging.
STEAM OXIDATION, BURST AND CRITICAL HEAT FLUX TESTING OF COMMERCIAL FECRAL CLADDING (2023)

A new accident tolerant Fe-12Cr-6Al-2Mo-0.2Si-0.03Y (C26M) fuel cladding was developed in response to the nuclear accident in Japan. Now that large quantities of commercial tubing are being fabricated, integral testing has expanded to include isothermal and non-isothermal steam oxidation testing, loss of coolant accident (LOCA) burst testing and critical heat flux (CHF) behavior. The oxidation behavior is being compared to other FeCrAl compositions and includes protective alumina scale formation during ramp testing at up to 11°C/min to 1475°C. Using standard LOCA conditions of 5°C/s heating in steam, burst testing was conducted with hoop stresses of 20-110 MPa and indicated higher burst temperatures for C26M compared to first generation FeCrAlY compositions without Mo and Si. Using the same LOCA equipment, a new experiment is being developed to simulate CHF conditions and the deformation behavior of C26M was compared to Zircaloy-4.
Room Temperature Spin to Charge Conversion in Amorphous Topological Insulating Gd-Alloyed BixSe1-x/CoFeB Bilayers (2019)

Disordered topological insulator (TI) films have gained intense interest by benefiting from both the TIs exotic transport properties and the advantage of mass production by sputtering. Here, we report on the clear evidence of spin-charge conversion (SCC) in amorphous Gd-alloyed BixSe1-x (BSG)/CoFeB bilayers fabricated by sputtering, which could be related to the amorphous TI surface states. Two methods have been employed to study SCC in BSG/CoFeB(5 nm) bilayers with different BSG thicknesses. Firstly, spin pumping is used to generate a spin current in CoFeB and to detect SCC by inverse Edelstein effect. The maximum SCC efficiency (SCE) is measured as large as 0.035 nm in a 6 nm thick BSG sample, which shows a strong decay when tBSG increases due to the increase of BSG surface roughness. The second method is the THz time-domain spectroscopy, which reveals a small tBSG dependence of SCE, validating the occurrence of a pure interface state related SCC. Furthermore, our angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data show dispersive two-dimensional surface states that cross the bulk gap until to the Fermi level, strengthening the possibility of SCC due to the amorphous TI states. Our studies provide a new experimental direction towards the search for topological systems in the amorphous solids.
Novel synthesis of indan derivatives. (1986)

During the course of synthetic studies on the 5, 6-disubsituted 4-oxo-tetrahydro-2-pyroneskeleton in connection with biologically active compounds, we have found a convenient procedure for the regioselective introduction of a double bond in methyl alkyl ketones and a novel synthetic method for indan derivatives.
Influence of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Plasminogen upon the Lysis of Thrombi In Vitro (1991)

When the rate of lysis of artificial thrombi (prepared from plasma or whole blood) was expressed according to the concentration of tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA) or single chain urokinase type plasminogen activator (sc-uPA) then bell-shaped dose response curves were obtained, low rates being observed at concentrations of activator greater than 500 units/ml. Bell-shaped dose response curves were not observed for rate of lysis of artificial thrombi over the concentrations of streptokinase tested (SK) or for the lysis of plasma gel clots by any of the activators tested. Further investigation indicated that the preponderant mechanism for dissolution of thrombi at 500 units/ml of t-PA was by activation of the plasminogen within the thrombus (intrinsic) since the plasminogen present in the plasma perfusing the thrombus (extrinsic) rapidly became depleted. On the other hand, at 50 units/ml t-PA the lysis was observed to be due preponderantly to the action of plasmin arising from extrinsic rather than intrinsic plasminogen. If "plasminogen enriched" thrombi were prepared in the presence of Lys plasminogen (Lys-Plg) faster rates of lysis occurred and bell-shaped biometric curves were not observed.
Development of a Collins-type cryocooler floating piston control algorithm (2012)

The Collins-type cryocooler uses a floating piston design for the working fluid expansion. The piston floats between a cold volume, where the working fluid is expanded, and a warm volume. The piston is shuttled between opposite ends of the closed cylinder by opening and closing valves connecting several reservoirs at various pressures to the warm volume. Ideally, these pressures should be distributed between the high and low system pressure to gain good control of the piston motion. In this work, a numerical quasi-steady thermodynamic model is developed for the piston cycle. The model determines the steady state pressure distribution of the reservoirs for a given control algorithm. The results are then extended to show how valve timing modifications can be used to overcome helium leakage past the piston during operation.
p57Kip2 Is Degraded through the Proteasome in Osteoblasts Stimulated to Proliferation by Transforming Growth Factor β1 (1999)

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory proteins are negative regulators of the cell cycle. Although all the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory proteins may be involved in cell cycle control during a differentiation process, only p57(Kip2) is shown to be essential for embryonic development. However, the role of p57 in the control of the cell cycle is poorly understood. Using osteoblasts derived from the calvaria of rat fetus, we show that p57 is accumulated in cells starved by low serum. Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 activity was suppressed in these cells with a significant amount bound to p57. Treatment of the cells with transforming growth factor beta1 dramatically reduced the amount of p57, resulting in an activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 activity and the stimulation of cell proliferation. The decrease in p57 was inhibited by treating the cells with proteasome inhibitors, Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-aldehyde or lactacystin, but not with Z-Leu-Leu-aldehyde, which is an inhibitor of calpain, indicating that p57 is degraded through the proteasome pathway. p57 was also shown to be ubiquitinated in vitro. Because transforming growth factor beta1 not only stimulates the growth but also inhibits the differentiation of the cells in this system, our results may suggest a possible involvement of p57 in the control of osteoblastic cell proliferation and differentiation.
A Detection Method of Driver’s Face Orientation Based on Visual Cues and SVM (2013)

Face orientation can be used to derive vigilance cues about the vehicle driver. In this paper, a face pose estimation model based on visual features is presented. The face orientation is estimated through SVM with features detection such as eyes, mouth, facial outlines and so on. Innovative point of this research is the utilization of the features triangle, which composed with eyes and mouth locations, to obtain a robust face pose estimate. This method leads to the free face pose estimation and it is non-intrusive to the driver. Finally, the system is assessed with a commercial capture system. The evaluation results indicate that the system presented can be used in the driver assistant system.
Guest Editorial Change of Editor-in-Chief (2019)

After more than six years as the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems (J-MEMS), Prof. Christofer Hierold is stepping down. Beginning with the June 2019 issue of J-MEMS, Prof. Gianluca Piazza will serve as the new Editor-in-Chief (EiC).
Bubble sources of the Knudsen sea noise spectra (1989)

Single coherent bubble contributions to the incoherent underwater noise of spilling breakers have been studied in an anechoic laboratory facility. The waves are generated by a plunger, they propagate 17 m along a 1.2×1.2-m water waveguide, and ‘‘spill’’ and create bubbles at the surface of a 3×3×3-m anechoic cube of water. Several species of bubbles have been identified. In general, they act as transient dipoles of duration from 2 to several milliseconds, with peak axial source strength of the order of tenths of pascals, at 1 m. The noise is emitted when the bubble is within hundreds of micrometers or a few millimeters of the surface. Bubbles were observed in the 2 decades of frequency from 500 to 50 000 Hz. The average of the individual bubble events yielded a spectrum that slopes at about 5 dB/oct from 1 to 20 kHz, the same as the Knudsen wind noise spectra at sea. The magnitude of the laboratory breaker noise during continual wave-breaking events was approximately 80 dB re: 1 μ Pa2/Hz at 1 kHz, which is essentially the same as observed during the continual bubble production that occurs with very high winds at sea. The reasons for this agreement are discussed.
Turbulent Boundary-Layer Analysis and Experimental Investigation of Erosive Burning Problem of Composite Solid Propellants. (1979)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequently encountered phenomenon of erosive burning of composite solid propellants in rocket motors. Both theoretical and experimental studies were undertaken. In the theoretical model, the propellant burning process was described by considering a steady, two-dimensional, chemically reacting, turbulent boundary layer over a propellant surface. The diffusion-controlled gas-phase chemical reaction was modeled on the basis of the eddy-break-up concept. The theoretical model, comprised of a set of partial differential equations, was solved numerically. In the experimental work, a flat composite-propellant slab was burned in a test chamber by the flow of hot combustion gases which formed a turbulent boundary layer over the surface of the propellant. The burning rate of the propellant was measured by a high-speed motion picture technique at various pressures and free-stream velocities. Comparison of the theoretical results with the experimental data, obtained from the present study and that obtained from existing literature, showed a close agreement.
From d-wave to s-wave pairing in the iron-pnictide superconductor (Ba,K)Fe2As2 (2012)

The nature of the pairing state in iron-based superconductors is the subject of much debate. Here we argue that in one material, the stoichiometric iron pnictide KFe2As2, there is overwhelming evidence for a d-wave pairing state, characterized by symmetry-imposed vertical line nodes in the superconducting gap. This evidence is reviewed, with a focus on thermal conductivity and the strong impact of impurity scattering on the critical temperature Tc. We then compare KFe2As2 to Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2, obtained by Ba substitution, where the pairing symmetry is s-wave and the Tc is ten times higher. The transition from d-wave to s-wave within the same crystal structure provides a rare opportunity to investigate the connection between band structure and pairing mechanism. We also compare KFe2As2 to the nodal iron-based superconductor LaFePO, for which the pairing symmetry is probably not d-wave, but more likely s-wave with accidental line nodes.
Capillary Hysteresis in Nanopores: Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Nitrogen Adsorption on MCM-41 (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCapillary Hysteresis in Nanopores: Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Nitrogen Adsorption on MCM-41P. I. Ravikovitch, S. C. O. Domhnaill, A. V. Neimark, F. Schueth, and K. K. UngerCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 12, 4765–4772Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00012a030https://doi.org/10.1021/la00012a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2812Altmetric-Citations432LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparative electromyography of the lower extremity in jogging, running, and sprinting (1986)

An electromyographic study of the lower extremity muscles was undertaken in order to compare jogging, running, and sprinting. The study demonstrated that as the speed of gait increased, the support phase decreased, from 620 msec for walking to 260 msec for jogging to 220 msec for running to 140 msec for sprinting. The electromyographic data demonstrated that all muscle groups except the hip flexor and adductor longus were active during foot descent, floor contact, and midsupport. There was absence of muscle function during the late toe-off phase except that demonstrated by the adductor longus and the abdominal muscles during sprinting. The main muscle group that appears to increase the speed of gait is that of the hip flexors, which is closely linked to the knee extensors in order to propel the body forward in the line of progression. There was little or no activity in the gastrocnemius or in the intrinsic muscles of the foot about the time of toe-off, leading the authors to conclude that push-off per se does not appear to occur.
Two-port filters and resonators on AlN/3C-SiC plates utilizing high-order Lamb wave modes (2013)

A composite plate composed of aluminum nitride (AlN) and cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC) is a promising mechanical structure that enables high-frequency Lamb wave devices since the 3C-SiC plate can effectively increase coupling of high-order Lamb wave modes and reduce steep phase velocity dispersion simultaneously. In this study, two-port filters and resonators utilizing various Lamb wave modes in the AlN/3C-SiC composite plate are microfabricated on 2.5-μm-thick AlN films deposited on various thicknesses of 3C-SiC layers. Intriguingly, the experimental results show that some Lamb wave modes are suitable for two-port resonator topology whereas some others are applicable for two-port filter topology due to different wave propagation characteristics.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylierung der Aluminiumchloridkomplexe von Diorgano‐trihalogen‐phosphoranen durch Phosphite. Synthese von Dialkyl‐aryl‐phosphinoxiden. (1982)

Abstract Aus Phosphortri‐ Chlorid, Aluminiumchlorid und Benzol entsteht der Komplex (I), der mit Halogenalkanen (II) die Derivate (III) bildet.