gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitration of cathepsin D enhances its proteolytic activity during mammary gland remodelling after lactation (2009)

Proteomic studies in the mammary gland of control lactating and weaned rats have shown that there is an increased pattern of nitrated proteins during weaning when compared with controls. Here we report the novel finding that cathepsin D is nitrated during weaning. The expression and protein levels of this enzyme are increased after 8 h of litter removal and this up-regulation declines 5 days after weaning. However, there is a marked delay in cathepsin D activity since it does not increase until 2 days post-weaning and remains high thereafter. In order to find out whether nitration of cathepsin D regulates its activity, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase)(-/-) mice were used. The expression and protein levels of this enzyme were similar to WT (wild-type) animals, but the proteolytic activity was significantly reduced during weaning in knockout compared to WT mice. in vitro treatment of recombinant human cathepsin D or lactating mammary gland homogenates with relatively low concentrations of peroxynitrite enhances the nitration as well as specific activity of this enzyme. Using MS, it has been shown that the residue Tyr168 was nitrated. All of these results show that protein nitration during weaning might be a signalling pathway involved in mammary gland remodelling.
A 2D wavelet-based spectral finite element method for elastic wave propagation (2012)

A wavelet-based spectral finite element method (WSFEM) is presented that may be used for an accurate and efficient analysis of elastic wave propagation in two-dimensional (2D) structures. The approach is characterised by a temporal transformation of the governing equations to the wavelet domain using a wavelet-Galerkin approach, and subsequently performing the spatial discretisation in the wavelet domain with the finite element method (FEM). The final solution is obtained by transforming the nodal displacements computed in the wavelet domain back to the time domain. The method straightforwardly eliminates artificial temporal edge effects resulting from the discrete wavelet transform and allows for the modelling of structures with arbitrary geometries and boundary conditions. The accuracy and applicability of the method is demonstrated through (i) the analysis of a benchmark problem on axial and flexural waves (Lamb waves) propagating in an isotropic layer, and (ii) the study of a plate subjected to impact loading. The wave propagation response for the impact problem is compared to the result computed with standard FEM equipped with a direct time-integration scheme. The effect of anisotropy on the response is demonstrated by comparing the numerical result for an isotropic plate to that of an orthotropic plate, and to that of a plate made of two dissimilar materials, with and without a cut-out at one of the plate corners. The decoupling of the time-discretised equations in the wavelet domain makes the method inherently suitable for parallel computation, and thus an appealing candidate for efficiently studying high-frequency wave propagation in engineering structures with a large number of degrees of freedom.
SoC Design Of A Novel Cluster-Based Approach for Real-Time Lane Detection in Low Quality Images (2017)

In this paper, we present a novel System on Chip design for real time lane detection approach on low-quality grayscale images. The proposed method leverages the sequential read out from image sensors to progressively build clusters. The decision to allocate pixels to existing lines (clusters) is made on the fly as pixels flow from the image sensor into the system. We propose a hardware/software partitioning that places low-level computational intensive parts in a pipelined chain in hardware. The pipeline first applies morphological operations on incoming images to enhance their quality. Later canny edge detection followed by Probabilistic Hough Transform is used for accurate line detection. The lines are then filtered and clustered before being fitted into road lanes using weighted least squares method. We prototype our design on a system on FPGA with a precision above 90% and demonstrate a speedup of 2.09x compared to a software only implementation on an embedded processor.
Interactive image retrieval over the Internet (2002)

An efficient image database system is developed. The most important features of the proposed system include compressed domain indexing, searching by using scalable features, and progressive image transmission. User interaction is involved both at the search refinement stage and in the display of the query results. The most important query types include query by color layout and query by wavelet-coefficient clustering information. The indexing and searching algorithms are tightly coupled with the underlying image compression algorithm by which means the images are stored in the database, reducing both the complexity and the storage requirements of the database management system. In this research, we utilize our previously developed (B.-B. Chai et al., 1997, 1998) high-performance wavelet image coding algorithm, termed "significance-linked connected component analysis", which not only renders a very high compression performance when compared to other top-ranked wavelet image coding algorithms and the JPEG standard, but also inherently supports scalable features and progressive transmission. Computer experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the developed system.
Monitoring interannual changes in spawning area of Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) (1990)

It is easier to monitor the spawning area of the Pacific sardine than to mount a full-scale effort to precisely estimate spawning biomass. Monitoring the spawning area may be particularly economical when the sardine is extremely rare or extremely abundant. Such imprecise estimates will probably not answer the management question of whether or not to set a specific biomass quota. Thc spawning area estimate is a candidate- with acrial surveys, scale sedimentation rates, and acoustic-trawl surveys- for use in interpolating betwren ycars whcn the iiiorc prrcisc SWFC daily egg production method is used.
Anaerobic-Filter Pretreatment Kinetics (1982)

Pilot studies with synthetic and actual dairy wastewater showed that anaerobic-filter pretreatment at ambient temperature (20-24°C) was capable of reducing total BOD5 by up to 96%. Analysis of the reactor kinetics showed that the reactions were complete in about two days detention time, which corresponded to a volumetric loading of 1.7 kg COD/m³-day. Because of declining marginal removals with increased detention time, simple kinetic expressions were not appropriate representations of the reactor performance. Fermentative reactions dominated during the first 0.75 days of treatment, while methanogenic reactions dominated thereafter. Although effluent quality deteriorated, the anaerobic filters could handle a severe shock load as long as sufficient alkalinity had been added to keep the pH above 6.8 throughout the reactor.
Reliability of metal semiconductor field-effect transistor using GaN at high temperature (1998)

The reliability of a GaN metal semiconductor field-effect transistor (MESFET) was investigated. We used Au/Pt as a Schottky gate and Ti/Al as a source drain of a GaN MESFET. The thermal stress test of the GaN MESFET at high temperature was investigated. It was found that no change of FET characteristics was observed even after the device was heated at 400 °C for 1000 h. Furthermore, using a GaN MESFET which was heated at 400 °C for 1000 h, a life of FET at 350 °C was examined by a continuously current injection at 350 °C. We confirmed that the FET performance did not change at 350 °C for 150 h. No degradation of metal–semiconductor interface was observed by secondary ion mass spectrometry and a transmission electron microscope. The reliability of the GaN MESFET as a high-temperature operation transistor was fully demonstrated.
The Collection Virtual Machine: An Abstraction for Multi-Frontend Multi-Backend Data Analysis (2020)

Getting the best performance from the ever-increasing number of hardware platforms has been a recurring challenge for data processing systems. In recent years, the advent of data science with its increasingly numerous and complex types of analytics has made this challenge even more difficult. In practice, system designers are overwhelmed by the number of combinations and typically implement only one analysis/platform combination, leading to repeated implementation effort -- and a plethora of semi-compatible tools for data scientists. In this paper, we propose the "Collection Virtual Machine" (or CVM) -- an extensible compiler framework designed to keep the specialization process of data analytics systems tractable. It can capture at the same time the essence of a large span of low-level, hardware-specific implementation techniques as well as high-level operations of different types of analyses. At its core lies a language for defining nested, collection-oriented intermediate representations (IRs). Frontends produce programs in their IR flavors defined in that language, which get optimized through a series of rewritings (possibly changing the IR flavor multiple times) until the program is finally expressed in an IR of platform-specific operators. While reducing the overall implementation effort, this also improves the interoperability of both analyses and hardware platforms. We have used CVM successfully to build specialized backends for platforms as diverse as multi-core CPUs, RDMA clusters, and serverless computing infrastructure in the cloud and expect similar results for many more frontends and hardware platforms in the near future.
Electromigration mechanisms in Cu lines (2002)

Summary form only given. The electromigration in 0.15 /spl mu/m to 10 /spl mu/m wide and 0.3 /spl mu/m thick Cu lines deposited by physical vapor deposition has been investigated using both resistance and edge displacement techniques in the sample temperature range 225/spl deg/C-405/spl deg/C. For wide polycrystalline lines (>1 /spl mu/m), the dominant diffusion mechanism is a mixture of grain boundary and surface diffusion, while in narrow lines (< 1 /spl mu/m) the dominant mechanism is surface transport. The electromigration lifetime of fine Cu lines is estimated.
Exploring Protein Regulations with Regulatory Networks for Cancer Classification (2008)

This paper proposes a novel modeling technique for understanding cancer signal pathway and applies to cancer classification. In the approach, specific to a cancer group, a regulatory network is constructed between biomarkers and is optimized towards minimizing its energy function that is defined as disagreement between input and output of the network. The non-linear version of this network is achieved by imposing a sigmoid kernel function. The proposed approach is tested on protein profiling data of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and is compared with support vector machines with linear and radial basis function kernels.
Identification of cis-elements regulating expression of Fgf10 during limb development. (2002)

Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) is known to be expressed in limb mesenchymal cells and to function as a mesenchymal signaling factor involved in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during limb development. To elucidate regulation of Fgf10 expression, we isolated the promoter region of Fgf10 containing its 2.0 kb upstream 5'-fragment from the initiation codon and its 0.9 kb downstream fragment. Transcriptional activity of the fragment was examined with transgenic mice, using a lacZ-reporter system. Although no significant expression of the reporter gene was observed for the 0.2 kb 5'-fragment, expression was detected in the apical ectodermal ridge of the limb bud and developing cartilage of the limb for the 2.0 kb and 0.7 kb 5'-fragments, respectively. From comparison of the mouse sequences of the 2.0 kb fragment with corresponding sequences of human and chicken Fgf10, we identified 17 conserved putative enhancer motifs for AER expression and other unidentified expressions. For limb cartilage expression, we found putative enhancer sequences conserved among the three species in the 0.7 kb 5'-fragment. In the fragment, three DNA binding motifs were identified in the mouse and human sequence, although they are not conserved in the corresponding chicken sequence.
Service Level Agreements for Real-Time Service-Oriented Infrastructures (2012)

Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are nowadays used as a cornerstone for building service-oriented architectures. SLAs have been closely investigated in the scope of distributed and Grid computing and are now gaining uptake in cloud computing as well. However, most solutions have been developed for specific purposes and are not applicable generally, even though the most approaches propose a general usability. Only rarely have SLAs been applied to real-time systems. The purpose of this chapter is to analyze different fields where SLAs are used, examine the proposed solutions, and investigate how these can be improved in order to better support the creation of real-time service-oriented architectures.
<title>Microlens fibers fabricated by a melting-tapering process using a CO<formula><inf><roman>2</roman></inf></formula> laser</title> (1999)

Hemispherical microlenses have been fabricated at the end of a single-mode optical fiber by a new two-steps method which uses only a continuous CO2 laser. In the first step, the fiber is heated by the laser and stretched until its split resulting in two symmetrical tapers. In the second step, we form the microlenses by laser melting the taper ends. Parameters of heating and stretching are automated and optimized to ensure the reproducibility. The microlens characterization, including the focal length and beam waist measurements, has been performed. It shows the interest of the microlens-fiber to several applications.© (1999) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Variation in Carotid Endarterectomy Mortality in the Medicare Population (1998)

Medicare patients' perioperative mortality following CEA is substantially higher than that reported in the trials, even in those institutions that participated in the randomized studies. Caution is advised in translating the efficacy of carefully controlled studies of CEA to effectiveness in everyday practice.
Spontaneous Foreign Body Extrusion Following Perforating Eye Injury (2002)

A structured approach to the management of a perforating ballistic eye injury is illustrated in this case, where initial treatment was limited to simple corneal wound closure and antibiotic prophylaxis. A pellet had passed completely through the globe but the retina remained attached, and it was decided to manage the case conservatively. Two retained foreign bodies were extruded spontaneously some months after the injury when suture removal and delayed cataract surgery led to a virtually perfect visual outcome. The patient has had no further complications at least three years after initial injury. The management of this civilian case illustrates some basic concepts in treating ballistic eye injuries that may be applicable in a military setting.
Abstract 561: Bone Morphogenetic Protein-3b Deficiency Induces Metabolic Syndrome and Modulates Adipogenesis (2019)

Introduction: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are mediators in a wide range of cellular functions, including the regulation of cell metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of BMP-3b, a glycoprotein synthetized and secreted by adipose tissue, on cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: BMP-3b knock-out (KO) and age-matched male and female wild-type (WT) mice were weighed weekly until 6 months of age. At 6 months, fasting levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C and triglycerides were measured and glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. Telemetry was used to determine blood pressure and heart rate in anesthetized mice. Echocardiograms were performed under light sedation (isoflurane 1%). Mice were sacrificed and tissues were resected for gene expression analysis by qPCR. Transient transfections were performed in 3T3-L1 cells to study the interactions of BMP-3b and the C/ebp α promoter. Results: BMP3b KO mice gained more weight than WT mice. The plasma levels of total cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides were higher in BMP-3b KO mice than in WT mice. Insulin and glucose tolerant tests reveal insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in BMP-3b KO mice compared to WT mice. The basal heart rate was higher in BMP-3b KO mice than in WT mice, but no differences were observed in blood pressure. Echocardiography revealed a decrease in relative wall thickness (RWT) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and an increase in the left ventricle end diastolic volume (LVEDV) in BMP-3b KO mice, demonstrating eccentric remodeling. Expression of genes ( Pparγ and C/ebpα ) involved in adipogenesis in white adipose tissue was higher in BMP-3b KO mice than in WT controls. Finally, transient transfection assays with 3T3-L1 cells showed that BMP-3b modulates C/ebpα promoter activity. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that BMP-3b has an important role in the regulation of age-related weight gain, glucose metabolism and LV remodeling. Interventions that increase the level or function of BMP-3b may protect the heart from the adverse effects of cardiovascular risk factors and pathological cardiac remodeling.
A Method for Short-Term Wind Power Prediction With Multiple Observation Points (2012)

This paper presents a method to improve the short-term wind power prediction at a given turbine using information from numerical weather prediction and from multiple observation points, which correspond to the locations of nearby turbines at a particular wind farm site. The prediction of wind power is achieved in two stages; in the first stage wind speed is predicted using our proposed method. In the second stage, the wind speed to output power conversion is accomplished using power curve model. The proposed wind power prediction method is tested using real measurements and NWP data from one of the wind farm sites in Australia. The performance is compared with the persistence and Grey predictor model in terms of Mean Absolute Error and Root Mean Square Error.
Asynchronous implementation of an event-driven adaptive FIR filter (2016)

This work aims at implementing an asynchronous FIR adaptive filter, based on the Recursive Inverse (RI) adaptive algorithm. Previous work has presented the proposed adaptive filter algorithm and has shown that the algorithm's performance is similar to that of the Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm. Moreover, it offers better performance than the Transform Domain (TD) algorithms, i.e. the TD LMS with Variable Step-Size (TDVSS) in stationary environments. The asynchronous logic has been chosen because of its unique low-power characteristic towards stationary events. The asynchronous-based architecture has been designed to be fast enough to accommodate the iterative computation of the filter coefficients while being accurate to ensure a minimum number of iteration, and a fast convergence. This paper presents an overview of the proposed architecture, as well as performance comparison between the RI and the RLS algorithm. Preliminary test shows promising results, nevertheless some optimization is required to reduce the complexity of the design and to increase the accuracy of the computation.
Reinnervation of Allografted Pancreatic Islets in the Rat Liver (1994)

Rat pancreatic islets were allografted in the liver and were studied morphologically in order to evaluate possible reinnervation. Islets isolated from rat pancreas were allotransplanted in the liver of streptozocin-induced diabetic rats via the portal vein. Electron microscopy revealed nerve endings with synaptic vesicles in the transplanted islets 100 days after transplantation, whereas axons in the islets appeared to degenerate several hours after isolation and prior to transplantation. These findings suggest that the nerve endings observed in the transplanted islets regenerate from nerves that innervate the recipient's liver. The tissue specimens were also investigated immunohistochemically using antityrosine hydroxylase antibody, and histochemically by the modified Karnovsky and Roots' method for visualizing acetylcholinesterase. Some nerve endings in the transplanted islets reacted positively to antityrosine hydroxylase antibody. Acetylcholinesterase was visualized in other nerves. These results indicate that norepinephrine- and acetylcholinesterase-containing nerves may reinnervate the transplanted islets.
CSCE: A Crawler Engine for Cloud Services Discovery on the World Wide Web (2013)

Over the past few years, Cloud computing has been receiving much attention as a new computing paradigm for providing flexible and on-demand infrastructures, platforms and software as services. In Cloud computing, challenges in searching cloud services need to be renewed due to a number of unique characteristics of cloud services such as the dynamic, diverse services offering at different levels, as well as the lack of standardized description languages. In this paper, we present the Cloud Service Crawler Engine that we used to collect metadata of 5, 883 valid cloud services through search engines after parsing more than a half million possible links. Based on the collected data, we conducted a set of statistical analysis and present the results in this paper. These statistical results offer an overall view on the current status of cloud services. Some most intriguing findings from our investigation include: i) the scarcity of standardization in Cloud computing, and ii) little evidence on a strong support of Cloud computing from the established service-oriented computing (SOC) technologies. Our findings provide some further insights on improving cloud services discovery and the datasets collected from this study will be valuable to the research community.
Influence of Co Precursor and Pt Additive on Catalytic Performance of Highly Active Co/SiO<sub>2</sub>-based Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Catalysts (2017)

The effect of Co precursor and Pt additive on catalytic activity was investigated for Co/SiO2 catalysts used for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis. FT reaction activity of Co/SiO2 prepared using Co acetate as Co precursor was not high, but it was improved notably by adding small amount of Pt. It was found that small Co particles, which were hard to be reduced, were formed in the catalyst prepared using Co acetate. It is believed that the enhanced activity by Pt additive was mainly attributed to the improved reduction of small Co particles due to the added Pt. In addition, although the activity of Pt-Co/SiO2 prepared using Co acetate as precursor was extremely high, but the selectivity of C5+ hydrocarbons was relatively low because of smaller Co particle size, and consequently there was no much difference on C5+ hydrocarbons productivity when the Co precursor was varied.