gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Docencia de semáforos y monitores con BACI: un ejemplo de aprendizaje guiado (2004)

En este articulo se pretende recoger la experiencia realizada en la asignatura Sistemas Operativos de segundo curso de Ingenieria Tecnica en Informatica de Gestion, impartida en la Escuela Politecnica Superior de Orihuela de la Universidad Miguel Hernandez. En concreto la experiencia se ha realizado sobre la parte del temario de la asignatura que cubre los conceptos de concurrencia, exclusion mutua y sincronizacion de procesos. La utilizacion de las nuevas tecnologias no garantiza unos mejores resultados en el aprendizaje de los alumnos. Lo que si desempena un papel crucial en la obtencion de buenos resultados es, especialmente, la forma en la que la tecnologia es puesta en practica y utilizada [9]. Con este ejemplo proponemos una metodologia para la inclusion de las nuevas tecnologias en el aula cuyos objetivos principales son intentar garantizar un buen rendimiento en las practicas de la asignatura asi como obtener una mayor motivacion del alumnado, una mejor comprension de los conceptos teoricos y un uso planificado y guiado en el proceso de ensenanza-aprendizaje. Para construir dichos objetivos se ha puesto en marcha, siguiendo la planificacion de dicha metodologia, el uso en el aula de una herramienta que simula el efecto de los semaforos, los monitores y la sincronizacion de procesos llamad BACI (Ben-Ari Concurrent Interpreter) [1]
Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides: Crucial Regulators of Plant Development and Stress Responses (2022)

Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), the α-galactosyl derivatives of sucrose, are nearly ubiquitous in Plantae, and they have been demonstrated to play pivotal roles in regulating plant responses to various abiotic stresses. RFOs accumulate to high levels in plant kernels/fruits or vegetative parts and are commonly associated with storability and desiccation or cold tolerance. Recent studies have also revealed the regulatory roles of RFOs in seed germination, plant development, and biotic stress resistance. Here, we provide an overview of the metabolism, transport, and evolution of RFOs as well as their physiological importance in plants. Recent research highlights the general importance of RFOs in plant development and stress response.
The contribution of the budding yeast histone H2A C-terminal tail to DNA-damage responses (2007)

The cellular response to DNA damage involves extensive interaction with and manipulation of chromatin. This includes the detection and repair of the DNA lesion, but there are also transcriptional responses to DNA damage, involving the up- or down-regulation of numerous genes. Therefore changes to chromatin structure, including covalent modification of histone proteins, are known to occur during DNA-damage responses. One of the most well characterized DNA-damage-responsive chromatin modification events is the phosphorylation of the SQ motif found in the C-terminal tail of histone H2A or the H2AX variant in higher eukaryotes. In the budding yeast, a number of additional residues in this region of histone H2A that contribute to the cellular response to DNA damage have been identified, providing an insight into the nature and complexity of the DNA-damage histone code.
Development of a New Dual Polarity and Viscosity Probe Based on the Foldamer Concept (2015)

Small molecular probes able to act as sensors are of enormous interest thanks to their multiple applications. Here, we report on the development of a novel supramolecular dual viscosity and polarity probe based on the foldamer concept, which increases the resolution limits of traditional probes at low viscosity values (0-4 mPa·s). The applicability of this new probe has been tested with a supramolecular organogel.
Berichtigung: Dynamic Trapping as a Selective Route to Renewable Phthalide from Biomass‐Derived Furfuryl Alcohol (2021)

The author list for this Communication was incorrect, as Marc Crockatt was inadvertently listed as dr. Marc Crockatt.
Fastidious human adenovirus type 40 can propagate efficiently and produce plaques on a human cell line, A549, derived from lung carcinoma (1991)

Human adenovirus type 40 (Ad40) cannot propagate in conventional established human cell lines such as KB or HeLa cells. However, it has been shown that Ad40 DNA replicates in KB18 cells which express Ad2 E1B genes, suggesting that Ad40 is defective in the E1B gene function in KB or HeLa cells. We show here that Ad40 can propagate and produce plaques on A549 cells which do not contain Ad E1B genes. Our experiments show that the levels of replication of Ad40 DNA and production of infectious Ad40 virus in A549 cells are the same as or higher than those in 293 or KB18 cells. Dot blot analysis shows that the levels of Ad40 E1A and E1B mRNAs expressed in A549 cells at early to intermediate times postinfection are at least 10-fold higher than those in KB or KB18 cells. Northern (RNA) blot analysis shows that large E1B mRNA species (approximately 24S to 26S) are synthesized prior to the onset of DNA replication in A549 cells. No E1B mRNA species are synthesized in KB or KB18 cells at early times postinfection, and no differences in the expression of E1B mRNAs are seen between KB and KB18 cells. The experiment suggests that A549 cells have a cellular factor(s) which activates Ad40 E1B mRNA synthesis and that the E1B mRNA synthesis helps Ad40 propagation. In contrast, Ad40 can propagate in KB18 cells by using Ad2 E1B gene products that are constitutively expressed in this cell line. Furthermore, this result shows that Ad40 cannot propagate in KB cells because of the failure in the expression of E1B genes at early times postinfection.
YAP controls transcriptional elongation through CKD9 recruitment for proximal pause release: “Hippo-thetical”, new therapeutic targets? (2016)

The Hippo-YAP signaling pathway has been established as a crucial regulator of tissue growth and tumorigenesis but the mechanism for transcriptional control remains unclear. In their study, Galli et al. show that YAP/TAZ binding is restricted to a small number of gene enhancers and that YAP/TAZ regulates transcriptional elongation by recruiting the Mediator complex.
Spatially selective visible light photocatalytic activity of TiO2/BiFeO3 heterostructures (2011)

Heterostructures of thin titania films on BiFeO3 substrates were grown by pulsed laser deposition. The heterostructures, when excited by visible light with energies between 2.53 and 2.70 eV, photochemically reduce aqueous silver cations from solution in patterns that mimic the structure of the ferroelectric domains in the substrate. Under the same conditions, titania by itself reduces insignificant amounts of silver. The observations indicate that electrons generated in the substrate are influenced by dipolar fields in the ferroelectric domains and transported through the titania film to reduce silver on the surface.
ITT-RNA: Imperfection Tolerable Training for RRAM-Crossbar-Based Deep Neural-Network Accelerator (2020)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have gained a strong momentum among various applications. The enormous matrix-multiplication exhibited in the above DNNs is computation and memory intensive. Resistive random-access memory crossbar (RRAM-crossbar) consisting of memristor cells can naturally carry out the matrix-vector multiplication. RRAM-crossbar-based accelerator, therefore, has two orders of magnitude of higher energy-efficiency than conventional accelerators. The imperfect fabrication process of RRAM-crossbars, however, causes various defects and process variations. These fabrication imperfections not only result in significant yield loss but also degrade the accuracy of DNNs executed on the RRAM-crossbars. In this article, we first propose an accelerator-friendly neural-network training method, by leveraging the inherent self-healing capability of the neural network, to prevent the large-weight synapses from being mapped to the imperfect memristors. Next, we propose a dynamic adjustment mechanism to extend the above method for DNNs, such as multilayer perceptrons (MLPs), wherein the imperfect-memristor induced errors can accumulate and magnify through multiple layers. Such off-device training method is a pure software solution, and it is unable to provide enough accuracy for convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Several works propose error-tolerable hardware design by allowing the retraining of CNNs on the RRAM-crossbar. Although this hardware-based on-device training method is effective, the frequent write operation on RRAM-crossbar hurt the endurance of RRAM-crossbars. Consequently, we propose a software and hardware co-design methodology to effectively preserve the classification accuracy of CNN with few on-device training iterations. The experimental results show that the proposed method can guarantee ≤1.1% loss of accuracy for resistance variations in MLP and CNN. Moreover, the proposed method can guarantee ≤1% loss of accuracy even when stuck-at-faults (SAFs) rate = 20%.
A 'price balance statistic' for optimizing pricing strategies: a better estimation of elasticities and cross-elasticities (2014)

Demand forecasting, price optimization and capacity controls form three major tools of revenue management. Over the past few decades, each discipline has generated a great deal of research but has typically been studied separately from the others. Yet, better understanding their relationship gives an airline the opportunity to increase its profitability. In prior work, Tim Jacobs and colleagues introduced a macro-level metric known as the ‘Price Balance Statistic (PBS)’ for evaluating the quality of a given pricing strategy and guiding a search algorithm to identify an optimal alignment between pricing structure, scheduled capacity and RM controls using marginal revenue principles. The aim of our work is to incorporate additional modeling improvements to the PBS. The current model formulation uses price elasticity as input parameters and assumes perfect independency between the different fare classes. However, in reality, a passenger demand fluctuates between classes based on differences in prices. We propose to use instrumented variable linear regression methods to obtain parameter estimates for price elasticities and cross-elasticities. This modification incorporates accurate price elasticities but also the impact of a change in one fare class on another through the cross-elasticities.
Study on sampling inspection scheme to digital products in GIS (2001)

Adopting a principle of “check-accept for the first rank, inspection for the second rank”, this paper briefly discusses the rationale of the sampling inspection and the sampling inspection schemes to digital products in GIS. The OC curve is drawn to explain the deficiency of the percent sampling inspection. Meanwhile, the method of One Time Limiting Quality of count selection is presented as the inspection scheme for production departments while the method of One Time After-inspection Mean Percent Defective Upper Limit of count selection is for acceptance departments.
Phase separation rates of aqueous two‐phase systems: Correlation with system properties (2002)

The kinetics of phase separation in aqueous two-phase systems have been investigated as a function of the physical properties of the system. Two distinct situations for the settling velocities were found, one in which the light, organic-rich (PEG) phase is continuous and the other in which the heavier, salt-rich (phosphate) phase is continuous. The settling rate of a particular system is a crucial parameter for equipment design, and it was studied as a function of measured viscosity and density of each of the phases as well as the interfacial tension between the phases. Interfacial tension increases with increasing tie line length. A correlation that describes the rate of phase separation was investigated. This correlation, which is a function of the system parameters mentioned above, described the behavior of the system successfully. Different values of the parameters in the correlation were fitted for bottom-phase-continuous and top-phase-continuous systems. These parameters showed that density and viscosity play a role in the rate of separation in both top continuous- and bottom continuous-phase regions but are more dominant in the continuous top-phase region. The composition of the two-phase system was characterized by the tie line length. The rate of separation increased with increasing tie line length in both cases but at a faster rate when the bottom (less viscous) phase was the continuous phase. These results show that working in a continuous bottom-phase region is advantageous to ensure fast separation.
Designer Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Pro‐Neuronal Cell Responses and Improve Intracranial Retention (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 5/2022) (2022)

Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles In article number 2100805 by Natalia Higuita-Castro and co-workers, designer extracellular vesicles (EVs) are manufactured via non-viral engineering of donor cells through electroporation. Designer EVs are packed with plasmid DNA, mRNA, and protein content. Transfecting donor cells with expression plasmids for membrane proteins can be used to tailor the surface decoration of the EVs. Pro-neurogenic designer EVs drive neurogenesis and improve targeting of neuronal tissue, in vitro and in vivo.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF Z‐RETHROLONES AND Z‐RETHRONES (1974)

Abstract Oxidative Spaltungsreaktion des Methyläthers (Ib) von Allethrolon (Ia) liefert den Aldehyd (II), der mit den Yliden (III) stereoselektiv zu den Z‐Olefinen (IVa) bzw. (IVb) reagiert.
Data from Activation of <i>SOX2</i> Expression by BRD4-NUT Oncogenic Fusion Drives Neoplastic Transformation in NUT Midline Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;BRD4&lt;/i&gt; is implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of different cancers. It is also the target of translocation t(15;19) that accounts for the highly aggressive NUT midline carcinoma (NMC). We discovered that t(15;19) NMC cells display the ability to grow into stem cell–like spheres and express an exceptionally high level of the stem cell marker, SOX2. The &lt;i&gt;BRD4-NUT&lt;/i&gt; fusion oncogene resulting from t(15;19) translocation is required for the abnormal activation of &lt;i&gt;SOX2&lt;/i&gt;, which drives the stem cell–like proliferation and cellular transformation in NMC cells. &lt;i&gt;SOX2&lt;/i&gt; knockdown phenocopies the effects of BRD4-NUT inhibition, whereas ectopic &lt;i&gt;SOX2&lt;/i&gt; expression rescues the phenotype. The BRD4-NUT–induced abnormal &lt;i&gt;SOX2&lt;/i&gt; activation was observed in multiple NMC cell lines as well as in NMC primary tumors. We further demonstrate that BRD4-NUT oncoprotein recruits p300 to stimulate transcription activation and that inhibition of p300 represses &lt;i&gt;SOX2&lt;/i&gt; transcription in NMC cells. These studies identify this stem cell marker as a novel BRD4-NUT target that supports the highly aggressive transforming activity of t(15;19) carcinomas. Our study provides new mechanistic insights for understanding how alteration of BRD4 function by &lt;i&gt;BRD4-NUT&lt;/i&gt; oncogene leads to the highly malignant NMC carcinoma. Because abnormal stem cell self-renewal is frequently observed during tumor formation and metastasis, the aberrant stem cell–like proliferation associated with BRD4 dysregulation observed in NMC carcinoma may have implications for studying the oncogenic mechanism of other BRD4-associated tumors. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 74(12); 3332–43. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The random subspace coarse coding scheme for real-valued vectors (2003)

Two coarse coding schemes are considered: the random subspace scheme of the authors, and the modified Kanerva model of Prager et al. (1993). Some properties and characteristics of these schemes are investigated experimentally and by analysing their geometrical interpretation. Both schemes do not require exponential growth of the binary code dimensionality against that of the input space. The random subspace scheme allows the code density to be independent from the maximal dimensionality of hyper-rectangle receptive fields. It is especially important when low-dimensional receptive fields are required, as with classifiers or approximators of real-world data.
Total Reconstitution of Functionally Active 50S Ribosomal Subunits from Escherichia coli (1974)

Total reconstitution of 50S subunits from E. coli was achieved by a two-step incubation procedure. In the first step, 23S RNA, 5S RNA, and the total proteins from 50S subunits were incubated for 20 min at 40 degrees in the presence of 4 mM Mg(++) and 400 mM NH(4)Cl. In the second step, the Mg(++) concentration was raised to 20 mM and the incubation was performed for 90 min at 50 degrees . No requirement for 30S subunits or other components (e.g., polyamine) was found. The reconstituted particle has the same sedimentation coefficient as the native 50S subunit and is highly active in protein synthesis with natural (R17 RNA) and artificial [poly(U)] messengers as well as in tests for peptidyltransferase (fragment assay) and for binding of antibiotics (chloramphenicol).
A new worm exploiting IPv6 and IPv4-IPv6 dual-stack networks: experiment, modeling, simulation, and defense (2009)

It is commonly believed that the IPv6 protocol can provide good protection against network worms that try to find victims through random address scanning due to its huge address space. However, we discover that there is serious vulnerability in terms of worm propagation in IPv6 and IPv4-IPv6 dual-stack networks. It is shown in this article that a new worm can collect the IPv6 addresses of all running hosts in a local subnet very quickly, leading to accelerated worm propagation. Similar to modeling the self-replicating behaviors of biological viruses, a Species-Patch model and a discrete-time simulator are developed to study how the dual-stack worm spreads in networks with various topologies. It is shown that the worm could propagate in the IPv6 and IPv4-IPv6 dual-stack networks much faster than in the current IPv4 Internet. Several effective defense strategies focusing on network deployment are proposed.
The Simple Language Generator: Encoding Complex Languages With Simple Grammars (1999)

Abstract : This paper introduces the design and use of the Simple Language Generator (SLG). SLG allows the user to construct small but interesting stochastic context free languages with relative ease. Although context free grammars are convenient for representing natural language syntax, they do not easily support the semantic and pragmatic constraints that make certain combinations of words or structures more likely than others. Context free grammars for languages involving many interacting constraints can become extremely complex and cannot reasonably be written by hand. SLG allows the basic syntax of a grammar to be specified in context free form and constraints to be applied atop this framework in a relatively natural fashion. This combination of grammar and constraints is then converted into a standard stochastic context free grammar for use in generating sentences or in making context dependent likelihood predictions of the sequence of words in a sentence.
A novel combination of TRAIL and doxorubicin enhances antitumor effect based on passive tumor-targeting of liposomes (2011)

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a novel anticancer agent for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, approximately half of NSCLC cell lines are highly resistant to TRAIL. Doxorubicin (DOX) can sensitize NSCLC cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, indicating the possibility of combination therapy. Unfortunately, the therapeutic effect of a DOX and TRAIL combination is limited by multiple factors including the short serum half-life of TRAIL, poor compliance and application difficulty in the clinic, chronic DOX-induced cardiac toxicity, and the multidrug resistance (MDR) property of NSCLC cells. To solve such problems, we developed the combination of TRAIL liposomes (TRAIL-LP) and DOX liposomes (DOX-LP). An in vitro cytotoxicity study indicated that DOX-LP sensitized the NSCLC cell line A-549 to TRAIL-LP-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, this combination therapy of TRAIL-LP and DOX-LP displayed a stronger antitumor effect on NSCLC in xenografted mice when compared with free drugs or liposomal drugs alone. Therefore, the TRAIL-LP and DOX-LP combination therapy has excellent potential to become a new therapeutic approach for patients with advanced NSCLC.
ADAS-Assisted Driver Behaviour in Near Missing Car-Pedestrian Accidents (2016)

In intermediate steps on the way to full driving automation, the role of the driver will remain essential, and driver’s behaviour when aided by Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) must be allowed for, in order to obtain the maximum benefit. In the present study, a driving simulator experimentation was carried out. Sixty-nine volunteers were enrolled to face a simulated hazard situation involving a pedestrian; some of them were aided by ADAS, whereas others were not. The driving scenario was set up based on a statistical accident analysis and the thorough reconstruction of actual road accidents. By qualitative and quantitative analysis, some differences in drivers’ behaviour were observed in relation to the presence of ADAS devices and their different modes of acting. The positive effect of ADAS was naturally confirmed, but some of the drivers were not fully able to benefit from it.
Regioselective Opening of Epoxides Catalyzed by Sn (IV). A New Method for the Synthesis of Halohydrins? (2000)

The regioselective opening of epoxides with organotin oxides 1 and 2, in presence of halogenated alcohols was developed, yielding the halohydrin derivatives.
A CUDA Based Implementation of Locally-and Feature-Adaptive Diffusion Based Image Denoising Algorithm (2014)

In this paper we introduce a parallel implementation of locally-and feature-adaptive diffusion based (LFAD) method for image denoising using NVIDIA CUDA framework and graphics processing units (GPUs). LFAD is a novel method for removing additive white Gaussian (AWG) noise in images reported to yield high quality denoised images [1]. It approaches each image region separately and uses different number of nonlinear anisotropic diffusion iterations for each region to attain best peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The inverse difference moment (IDM) feature is embedded into a modified diffusion function. As the method has attained highest performance in the class of advanced diffusion based methods and it is competitive with all the state-of-the-art methods, however computationally intensive when executed on the general purpose CPU. To improve the performance, we implemented using the CUDA computational framework. In order to minimize GPU kernel access to the global memory, we use shared memory and the texture memory per multiprocessor. The performance of the GPU implementation of the LFAD has been tested on the standard benchmark images. We demonstrate that with a single NVIDIA Tesla C2050 GPU we can expedite the sequential CPU implementation in most cases from 13 to 20 times.