gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multimodality Stereotactic Brain Tissue Identification: The NASA Smart Probe Project (1999)

Real-time tissue identification can benefit procedures such as stereotactic brain biopsy, functional neurosurgery and brain tumor excision. Optical scattering spectroscopy has been shown to be effective at discriminating cancer from noncancerous conditions in the colon, bladder and breast. The NASA Smart Probe extends the concept of 'optical biopsy' by using neural network techniques to combine the output from 3 microsensors contained within a cannula 2. 7 mm in diameter (i.e. the diameter of a stereotactic brain biopsy needle). Experimental data from 5 rats show the clear differentiation between tissues such as brain, nerve, fat, artery and muscle that can be achieved with optical scattering spectroscopy alone. These data and previous findings with other modalities such as (1) analysis of the image from a fiberoptic neuroendoscope and (2) the output from a microstrain gauge suggest the Smart Probe multiple microsensor technique shows promise for real-time tissue identification in neurosurgical procedures.
Untargeted Top-down Proteomics byLC-MS/MS on Lumos v1 (2021)

Describes the LC-MS/MS data acquisition procedure for top-down proteomics samples using the Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid mass spectrometer
124 A Control of Underactuated Hopping Gate Systems : Acrobot Example (2001)

Control of the Acrobat type hopping robot is considered in this paper. The Acrobot consists of two links connected by an actuated revolute joint, and is a good example of many underactuated mechanical systems. This property makes it impossible to apply the control methodology used in Raibert's well-known hopper. During a hopping gate, the dynamics of the system is divided into three phases called stance, flight, and collision, respectively. We consider the forces acting to the foot from the ground, i.e. the constraint force in stance phase and constraint impulse in collision phase. This idea has its origin in the necessity to avoid slipping during a hopping gate. We formulate the control system by taking the direction of constraint force as the output, and demonstrate the possibility of hopping without slip by giving this system a proper reference input. Next, a soft landing problem at touchdown is presented based on the analysis on constraint impulse in collision phase.
<title>New linear motor with a hybrid actuator</title> (1997)

In this paper we present a linear motor according to the inch- worm-principle as an application for a hybrid actuator. A hybrid actuator consists of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric transducers oscillating in their electrical resonance. The reactive energy is exchanged between the different transducer types which have to be supplied externally just to compensate for the energy transferred into mechanical work and inner losses. So a higher efficiency compared to applications with new actuators realized up to now can be achieved. The motor consists of a fixed magnetostrictive rod for the feed-forward and two piezo-stacks for the clamping. Research revealed remarkable influence of the mechanical load and the non- linearities and hysteresis of the transducers on their electrical behavior. This led to a new switching drive allowing a variable operating frequency and a miniaturized design without magnetic bias. Implementing a model of the electro-mechanical behavior of the transducers, precision positioning under the step-width can be performed just by evaluating the applied voltage and current. Furthermore, information about the applied mechanical load can be achieved (smart actuator).
Further understanding the connection between Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome (2020)

Improved medical care of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) has led to an increase in life expectancy to over the age of 60 years. In conjunction, there has been an increase in age-related co-occurring conditions including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Understanding the factors that underlie symptom and age of clinical presentation of dementia in people with DS may provide insights into the mechanisms of sporadic and DS-associated AD (DS-AD). In March 2019, the Alzheimer's Association, Global Down Syndrome Foundation and the LuMind IDSC Foundation partnered to convene a workshop to explore the state of the research on the intersection of AD and DS research; to identify research gaps and unmet needs; and to consider how best to advance the field. This article provides a summary of discussions, including noting areas of emerging science and discovery, considerations for future studies, and identifying open gaps in our understanding for future focus.
Evaluation of Clinical Manifestations in Patients with Severe Lymphedema with and without CCBE1 Mutations (2012)

The lymphedema-lymphangiectasia-intellectual disability (Hennekam) syndrome (HS) is characterised by a widespread congenital lymph vessel dysplasia manifesting as congenital lymphedema of the limbs and intestinal lymphangiectasia, accompanied by unusual facial morphology, variable intellectual disabilities and infrequently malformations. The syndrome is heterogeneous as mutations in the gene CCBE1 have been found responsible for the syndrome in only a subset of patients. We investigated whether it would be possible to predict the presence of a CCBE1 mutation based on phenotype by collecting clinical data of patients diagnosed with HS, with or without a CCBE1 mutation. We report here the results of 13 CCBE1 positive patients, 16 CCBE1 negative patients, who were clinically found to have classical HS, and 8 patients in whom the diagnosis was considered possible, but not certain, and in whom no CCBE1 mutation was identified. We found no statistically significant phenotypic differences between the 2 groups with the clinical HS phenotype, although the degree of lymphatic dysplasia tended to be more pronounced in the mutation positive group. We also screened 158 patients with less widespread and less pronounced forms of lymphatic dysplasia for CCBE1 mutations, and no mutation was detected in this group. Our results suggest that (1) CCBE1 mutations are present only in patients with a likely clinical diagnosis of HS, and not in patients with less marked forms of lymphatic dysplasia, and (2) that there are no major phenotypic differences between HS patients with or without CCBE1 mutations.
Smarcd3 is an epigenetic modulator of the metabolic landscape in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (2023)

Pancreatic cancer is characterized by extensive resistance to conventional therapies, making clinical management a challenge. Here we map the epigenetic dependencies of cancer stem cells, cells that preferentially evade therapy and drive progression, and identify SWI/SNF complex member SMARCD3 as a regulator of pancreatic cancer cells. Although SWI/SNF subunits often act as tumor suppressors, we show that SMARCD3 is amplified in cancer, enriched in pancreatic cancer stem cells and upregulated in the human disease. Diverse genetic mouse models of pancreatic cancer and stage-specific Smarcd3 deletion reveal that Smarcd3 loss preferentially impacts established tumors, improving survival especially in context of chemotherapy. Mechanistically, SMARCD3 acts with FOXA1 to control lipid and fatty acid metabolism, programs associated with therapy resistance and poor prognosis in cancer. These data identify SMARCD3 as an epigenetic modulator responsible for establishing the metabolic landscape in aggressive pancreatic cancer cells and a potential target for new therapies.
Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Thru-Silicon-Via Based High Density Compliant Interconnect (2007)

In this paper, detailed 3D FEM thermo-mechanical analysis is performed on a chip stack that utilizes the smart Three Axis Compliant (STAC) interconnect, a TSV based ultra-high density compliant interconnect. These interconnects are microstructurally engineered to accommodate relative displacements between ultra-thin TSV based silicon chips and substrates to which they are bonded without transferring significant stress to the die itself. The paper will first cover 3D numerical model of the TiW bi-metal layer compliant beam built with opposing stresses to establish z-axis lift-height that compares well with analytical results. With this validated model, a force-deflection curve is established for a 125μm×25μm×0.8μm TiW free beam with 1 GPa stress built into its two metal layers (-500 MPa in the bottom layer and +500 MPa in the top layer). This enables numerical characterization of the compliancy of a single interconnect. This analysis is followed by thermo-mechanical analysis of a unit cell STAC interconnect (TSV, copper bond pad and the compliant beam) built on a 50μm thick silicon die. Particular attention is given to stresses formed in the TSV copper column when temperature is varied from -40°C to 150°C. Finally experimental results performed on a successfully fabricated STAC interconnect based Si-Glass stacked die is presented and a numerical model of this chip stack is built to capture the top ultra-thin glass die deformation when temperature is varied from 20°C to 130°C.
Capillary Electrophoresis of mtDNA Cytochrome b Gene Sequences for Animal Species Identification (2011)

The identification of a biological species from an unknown material can be performed using a mitochondrial DNA locus. The cytochrome b (cyt b) gene is one of the most commonly used genetic loci, applied in both taxonomy and forensic science, for the purpose of species identification. The gene is 1,140 basepairs long in most vertebrates and shows little intraspecies variation, but sufficient interspecies variation. The gene is too long for typical PCR-based methods and, as many samples are degraded, only a section of the locus is used. DNA sequences at the start of the gene became the favored section for phylogenetics and species identification. The DNA sequences from any unknown sample from this part of the cyt b gene can be determined and compared to those on a DNA database to determine the most likely species from which the unknown sample originates. The process of DNA amplification, sequencing, sequence comparison, and identification form the basis of this chapter.
Templated self-assembly of quantum dots from aqueous solution using protein scaffolds (2006)

Short, histidine-containing peptides can be conjugated to lysine-containing protein scaffolds to controllably attach quantum dots (QDs) to the scaffold, allowing for generic attachment of quantum dots to any protein without the use of specially engineered domains. This technique was used to bind quantum dots from aqueous solution to both chicken IgG and cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), a 30 nm viral particle. These quantum dot–protein assemblies were studied in detail. The IgG–QD complexes were shown to retain binding specificity to their antigen after modification. The CPMV–QD complexes have a local concentration of quantum dots greater than 3000 nmol ml−1, and show a 15% increase in fluorescence quantum yield over free quantum dots in solution.
Contextual and Serial Discriminations: A New Learning Paradigm to Assess Simultaneously the Effects of Acute Stress on Retrieval of Flexible or Stable Information in Mice (2004)

The present study was aimed at simultaneously determining on the same subject, the effects of stress on retrieval of flexible (contextual or temporal) or stable (spatial) information. Three behavioral paradigms carried out in a four-hole board were designed as follows: (1) Simple Discrimination (SD), in which mice learned a single discrimination; (2) Contextual and Serial Discriminations (CSD), in which mice learned two successive discriminations on two different internal contexts; (3) Spatial Serial Discriminations (SSD), in which mice learned two successive discriminations on an identical internal context. The stressor (three inescapable electric footshocks) was delivered 5 min before retention, occurring 5 min or 24 h after acquisition. Results showed that this stressor increased plasmatic corticosterone levels and fear reactivity in an elevated-plus-maze, as compared with nonstressed mice. The stressor reversed the normal pattern of retrieval observed in nonstressed controls in the CSD task, this effect being context dependent, as it was not observed in the SSD task. Overall, our study shows that stress affected the retrieval of flexible and old information, but spared the retrieval of stable or recent ones. Therefore, these behavioral paradigms allow us to study simultaneously, on the same animal, the effects of stress on distinct forms of memory retrieval.
Identification and characterization of a stachyose synthase gene controlling reduced stachyose content in soybean (2015)

We identified and characterized a mutant of soybean stachyose synthase gene controlling reduced stachyose content which benefit the soybean seed composition breeding program in the future. It has been shown that in soybean, increased sucrose and reduced raffinose family oligosaccharides would have a positive impact on the world's feed industry by improving digestibility and feed efficiency. We searched for new sources of modified oligosaccharide content in a subset of the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection and then identified plant introduction (PI) 603176A as having ultra-low stachyose content (0.5%). We identified a 33-bp deletion mutant in the putative stachyose synthase gene (STS gene, Glyma19g40550) of PI 603176A. A co-dominate indel marker was successfully developed from this 33-bp deletion area and was genetically mapped into two F 2:3 populations and a F 4:5 population, which associated with low stachyose content in the progeny lines. These observations provided strong evidence that the STS gene is responsible for stachyose biosynthesis in the soybean plant. Expression of the sts gene remained at the normal level, suggesting the loss of function in the gene is due to defective protein function. This gene-based perfect genetic marker for low stachyose content can be useful for marker-assisted selection in soybean molecular breeding programs.
Spatial games combining base station placement and mobile association: the downlink case (2010)

International audience
MALAT‐1 interacts with hnRNP C in cell cycle regulation (2013)

As a conserved non-coding RNA gene, transcripts of MALAT-1 localize predominately in the nucleus. However in G2/M cell cycle phase, MALAT-1 transcripts were surprisingly found to translocate from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. Investigation also found that in this process MALAT-1 interacts with an abundant nuclear factor, hnRNP C protein. Using a loss-of-function assay, we found that down-regulation of MALAT-1 expression compromised the cytoplasmic translocation of hnRNP C in the G2/M phase and resulted in G2/M arrest. In addition to characterize the physiological interaction between MALAT-1 and hnRNP C, our study also highlights the role of MALAT-1 in cell cycle regulation.
Numerical Study of Creeping Liquid Metal Flow in the Presence of a Permanent Magnet (2011)

Abstract In this paper, we present the numerical study of interaction of a liquid metal flow with a small permanent magnet. Such an analysis is of fundamental interest for applications involving Lorentz Force Velocimetry (LFV). As a canonical problem, we consider the flow of liquid metal in the creeping flow regime (Re=0.01) through a square duct with electrically insulating walls. For this setup, we perform magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations by coupling the commercial finite volume solver FLUENT and finite element solver COMSOL Multiphysics. Parametric analyses are performed at different relative positions of the permanent magnet with respect to the duct and with different magnetisation directions. The analyses provide good reference results for qualitative understanding of MHD flows exposed to non‐uniform magnetic fields. (© 2011 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Expert consensus-based laboratory testing of SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

At the end of December 2019, Wuhan reported a number of cases of unidentified pneumonia whose pathogen was later identified as a novel coronavirus, by DNA sequencing. As of 8 a.m. on May 6, 2020, novel coronavirus infections have been reported in 214 countries and regions worldwide, posing a huge threat to global public health. China has taken a series of prompt measures of prevention and control while providing medical services, which effectively contained the epidemic domestically. Rapid and accurate laboratory testing plays a crucial role in the etiological diagnosis of COVID-19. In order to improve the understanding of laboratory testing methods for COVID-19 and summarize the cumulative knowledge on the subject, the Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology organized experts in the field of clinical virology diagnosis and treatment (including virology, clinical laboratory, clinical medicine, and preventive medicine), summarized the research progress and experience of novel coronavirus laboratory testing technologies, both locally and abroad, and developed a consensus-based report for novel coronavirus testing. This report covers the aspects of etiology, nucleic acid testing, serological screening, biosafety, and containment in relation to the novel coronavirus and suggests some possible problems that may be encountered in actual testing.
Details of the Crystalline Ultrastructure of C-Starch Granules Revealed by Synchrotron Microfocus Mapping (1998)

A microfocus synchrotron wide-angle diffraction mapping experiment was used to analyze the crystalline microstructure and the polymorphism of a series of C-starch granules from smooth pea. In these specimens that globally contained 60% of A-phase and 40% of the B-allomorph, it was found that the two phases were present in each granule. The A-allomorph was located essentially in the outer part of the granules whereas the B-phase was found mostly at their center. In the A-component, the diffraction diagrams were always poorly oriented fiber patterns with the fiber axis systematically oriented toward the center of the granule. On the other hand, in the B-center, only powder diagrams could be observed whereas in middle zones of the granules, the B-component was much better oriented than the A-component.
Implementation of an Evidence-based Extubation Readiness Bundle in 499 Brain-injured Patients. A Before–After Evaluation of a Quality Improvement Project (2013)

The implementation of an evidence-based extubation readiness bundle was associated with a reduction in the duration of ventilation in patients with brain injury.
Microfluidic cell separation: applications and challenges in tissue engineering (2010)

In tissue engineering, the enrichment of a particular cell type typically precedes in vitro culture on scaffolds. Another separation challenge that has emerged recently in tissue engineering is the need to isolate stem or progenitor cells that are naturally present in certain tissue types and have the ability to differentiate into functional cells. In both contexts, the ability of microfluidic systems to handle small sample volumes and achieve highly selective separation presents an attractive alternative to traditional techniques such as pre-plating, cell straining and sorting with fluorescent or magnetic tags.
Modeling Tag Prediction based on Question Tagging Behavior Analysis of CommunityQA Platform Users (2023)

In community question-answering platforms, tags play essential roles in effective information organization and retrieval, better question routing, faster response to questions, and assessment of topic popularity. Hence, automatic assistance for predicting and suggesting tags for posts is of high utility to users of such platforms. To develop better tag prediction across diverse communities and domains, we performed a thorough analysis of users' tagging behavior in 17 StackExchange communities. We found various common inherent properties of this behavior in those diverse domains. We used the findings to develop a flexible neural tag prediction architecture, which predicts both popular tags and more granular tags for each question. Our extensive experiments and obtained performance show the effectiveness of our model
Pattern Matcher for Trees Constructed from Lists (2007)

A software library has been developed that takes a high-level description of a pattern to be satisfied and applies it to a target. If the two match, it returns success; otherwise, it indicates a failure. The target is semantically a tree that is constructed from elements of terminal and non-terminal nodes represented through lists and symbols. Additionally, functionality is provided for finding the element in a set that satisfies a given pattern and doing a tree search, finding all occurrences of leaf nodes that match a given pattern. This process is valuable because it is a new algorithmic approach that significantly improves the productivity of the programmers and has the potential of making their resulting code more efficient by the introduction of a novel semantic representation language. This software has been used in many applications delivered to NASA and private industry, and the cost savings that have resulted from it are significant.
A design and development of Pico- and Femto-satellites (2007)

The paper presents systematic design and development of pico-satellites focusing on CubeSats. Subsystems of these CubeSats are illustrated through several typical missions that have either been flown or are nearly ready for launch. Furthermore, the authors' recent projects including 'RyCanSat', 'RyPicosat' and 'RyF?ex' are discussed in detail. Finally, future missions involving femto-satellites are presented as a next generation of miniature satellites.
RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES AND TECHNOLOGIES PRACTICE IN MALAYSIA (2010)

Malaysia is endowed with vast renewable energy resources such as biomass and solar. Besides, hydro and wind power can be considered as potential renewable energy resources.&#13;\nHarnessing these resources appears to be a promising solution for improving the life quality of rural&#13;\nvillagers. The government and many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have tried to comprehend and have strived to address the problem of energy. The depleting gas and oil sources is also a problem which the government never took for granted as a number of energy-related policies&#13;\nwas proposed since six decades ago to ensure the sustainability and efficiency in energy supply. The&#13;\noverall approach in examining this issue will focus on the ongoing renewable energy projects, energy policies for promoting RE as one of the energy supply, technologies used as well as the future direction of the renewable energy sector. This paper reviews the renewable energy resources and renewable energy technologies (RETs) practicing in Malaysia in terms of its implementation, research&#13;\nand development activities.