gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diversity and Virulence ofStreptomycesspp. Causing Potato Common Scab in Prince Edward Island, Canada (2020)

Common scab (CS) is a potato disease that significantly decreases the market value of potato tubers after the development of necrotic lesions on their surface. <i>Streptomyces scabiei</i> is the main causal agent of CS; however, other closely related species, including <i>S. acidiscabies</i> and <i>S. turgidiscabies</i>, have also been shown to cause the disease. In this study, we characterized the genetic and phenotypic diversity of <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. causing CS in Prince Edward Island, the main potato-producing province in Canada. Two hundred and ninety-six pathogenic <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. isolates were retrieved from diseased tubers harvested from six fields located across a longitudinal geographical gradient. Genome fingerprinting analyses using repetitive elements PCR (ERIC- and BOX-PCR) revealed 14 distinct genetic groups. Thirteen groups were taxonomically affiliated with <i>S. scabiei</i>, whereas the fourteenth group was affiliated with <i>S. acidiscabies</i>. Their geographical distribution was characterized and revealed that on average between six and eight different genetic groups were detected per field, with variable abundance. Virulence assays showed strong differences in virulence between the genetic groups, ranging from low to highly virulent. Interestingly, pathogenic <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. populations in each field seem to be dominated by the most virulent genetic groups. The results obtained will contribute to better understanding of the population dynamic of pathogenic <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. causing CS of potato and promoting the development of more efficient detection and intervention tools to manage this important potato disease.
FRIZZY PANICLE Drives Supernumerary Spikelets in Bread Wheat (2014)

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) inflorescences, or spikes, are characteristically unbranched and normally bear one spikelet per rachis node. Wheat mutants on which supernumerary spikelets (SSs) develop are particularly useful resources for work towards understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying wheat inflorescence architecture and, ultimately, yield components. Here, we report the characterization of genetically unrelated mutants leading to the identification of the wheat FRIZZY PANICLE (FZP) gene, encoding a member of the APETALA2/Ethylene Response Factor transcription factor family, which drives the SS trait in bread wheat. Structural and functional characterization of the three wheat FZP homoeologous genes (WFZP) revealed that coding mutations of WFZP-D cause the SS phenotype, with the most severe effect when WFZP-D lesions are combined with a frameshift mutation in WFZP-A. We provide WFZP-based resources that may be useful for genetic manipulations with the aim of improving bread wheat yield by increasing grain number.
Development of a lung slice preparation for recording ion channel activity in alveolar epithelial type I cells (2005)

This exciting new development should facilitate the ascription of function to alveolar type I cells and allow us to integrate this cell type into the general model of alveolar ion and fluid balance in health and disease.
Excitability properties of median and peroneal motor axons (2000)

Threshold tracking was used to compare excitability properties (stimulus-response curves, strength-duration properties, recovery cycle, and threshold electrotonus) of median motor axons at the wrist and peroneal motor axons at the ankle in 12 healthy subjects. Stimulus-response curves and strength-duration properties were similar, though higher stimulus intensities were required for peroneal axons. However, there were significant differences in the recovery cycle of excitability following a conditioning stimulus and in threshold electrotonus. In the recovery cycle, median axons had significantly greater supernormality and late subnormality. In threshold electrotonus, the initial slow threshold changes in response to subthreshold depolarizing and hyperpolarizing currents (S1) were significantly greater in median axons, and there was also greater accommodation to depolarizing currents (S2) and greater threshold undershoot after depolarization. Similar differences in supernormality and the S1 phase of threshold electrotonus were found between peroneal axons at ankle and knee, suggesting that these properties may be dependent on nerve length. When median motor axons at the wrist were compared with peroneal motor axons at the knee, there were no differences in refractoriness and supernormality and only small differences in S1, but the late subnormality and undershoot were significantly greater in the median axons. These findings suggest that, in addition to any length-dependent differences, peroneal axons have a less prominent slow K(+) conductance. We conclude that the properties of different motor axons are not identical and their responses to injury or disease may therefore differ.
Somatic symptom disorders and illness behaviour: Current perspectives (2013)

The behavioural aspects of somatic symptom disorders have received minimal research attention to date. The first section of this paper identifies key theoretical perspectives relevant to behavioural responses to illness. Specifically, the sociological concept of illness behaviour is offered as a general framework in which to consider the range of psychosocial factors associated with responses to perceived illness. Further, the potential relevance of the construct of abnormal illness behaviour and the cognitive behavioural conceptualization of health anxiety is explored. The second part of the paper describes various approaches to the operationalization of illness behaviour, with particular emphasis on the Illness Behaviour Questionnaire, an instrument with a rich history of application. Additional insight is provided into two contemporary instruments which aim to measure overt behavioural aspects of illness more specifically. The third and final section of the paper makes recommendations for how future research may advance the understanding of state- versus trait-based characteristics of illness behaviour. Suggestions are made for how adaptive forms of behaviour (e.g. self-management, appropriate coping) may reduce the risk of developing a somatic symptom disorder or alternatively, minimizing the potentially negative psychosocial implications of such a presentation.
Retinal plasma extravasation in streptozotocin‐diabetic rats mediated by kinin B1and B2receptors (2008)

Kinin B(1) receptors are upregulated in retinas of STZ-diabetic rats through a mechanism involving oxidative stress. Both kinin B(1) and B(2) receptors contribute to increased plasma extravasation in diabetic retinopathy. Chronic inhibition of both kinin receptors, possibly with antioxidant adjuvants, may be a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic retinopathy.
Evaluation of Micro Fluidic High Pressure Dispersion/Emulsification for SLN Production (2010)

To establish a micro fluidic system that covers the whole production process of drug-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles especially high pressure emulsification and dispersion processes must be taken into account. [...]
High electron mobility in bathophenanthroline (2000)

We have measured electron mobility in vacuum-deposited films of 4,7-diphenyl-1,10phenanthroline (bathophenanthroline, or BPhen) using a time-of-flight technique. Electron transport was highly dispersive for BPhen with a dispersion parameter of a value 0.30. The electron mobility in excess of 10−4 cm2/V s has been observed at electric fields of the order of 105 V/cm with weakly dependent on the electric field. The characteristic energy of the distribution is obtained a value 0.09 eV. It is directly confirmed that the BPhen has superior electron-transport capability.
Tumor-liver biomechanical interaction investigated by multifrequency MR elastography in patients with HCC (2023)

Tumor-liver biomechanical interaction investigated by multifrequency MR elastography in patients with HCC
Physicochemical and biological evaluation of plasma‐induced graft polymerization of acrylamide onto polydimethylsiloxane (2007)

Abstract Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rubbers exhibit good mechanical properties for biomedical and industrial applications, but their inherently high hydrophobicity limits biomedical applications of this material despite its favorable mechanical properties. In this work, surface modification of PDMS by radio‐frequency glow discharge and subsequently graft polymerization of acrylamide was studied. PAAm‐grafted, oxygen plasma‐treated, and control (untreated) PDMS rubbers were characterized using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical thermal analyses, zeta potential, and contact angle techniques. Fibroblast (L929) cell attachment and growth onto these surfaces were examined by optical microscopy. The data from in vitro assays showed that cell attachment onto control surface was very negligible while significant cell attachment and growth was observed onto oxygen plasma‐treated and PAAm‐grafted PDMS surfaces. The method developed in this work offers a convenient way of surface modifications of biomaterials to improve attachment of cells onto substrates. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
BCG VACCINE (1958)

<i>To the Editor:</i>—The recent report of the Ad Hoc Committee of the Surgeon General of the United States, after weighing the advantages and disadvantages of BCG vaccination, states: ``It is believed, however, that the advantages of vaccination outweigh the disadvantages for tuberculin negative persons who are exposed to a definite risk of infection, especially if they cannot be retested frequently with tuberculin." This Committee recommended BCG vaccination for those groups recommended by the American Trudeau Society, the American College of Chest Physicians, the American Medical Association, and the Medical Advisory Committee of Research Foundation. The specific groups recommended for BCG vaccination by the American Trudeau Society are the following: (1) doctors, medical students, and nurses who are exposed to tuberculosis; (2) all hospital and laboratory personnel whose work exposes them to contact with the bacillus of tuberculosis; (3) persons who are unavoidably exposed to infectious tuberculosis in the home;
Average absorbed dose of entire body caused by per unit neutron fluence for monoenergetic neutron for Chinese reference man (2006)

Objective To prepare whole body average absorbed dose,F_D(E), per unit neutron fluence for energy E which can be used for neutron dose assessment in a nuclear accident or neutron exposure accident. Methods In accordance with absorbed dose per unit neutron fluence of various organs and tissues for monoenergetic neutrons incident in various geometries on adult anthropomorphic computational model by ICRP Publication 74, the qualities weighting of 5 bigger principle organs or tissues (red bone marrow, liver, lungs, stomach and colon) of Chinese reference man were applied to calculation of F_D(E).Results [WTBZ]The F_D(E) of various neutron energies E and F_ DCf/F_ DU weighted by 252[KG1]Cf/ 235U fission neutron spectrum have been calculated. Conclusion If once neutron spectrum and fluence incident on human body in a accident are determined, using F_D(E) the receiving absorbed dose of entire body of the patient can conveniently be calculated.
Comparative Analytical Methods for the Measurment of Chlorine Dioxide (2002)

Four commercially available methods used for the analysis of low-level Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) concentrations in drinking water were evaluated for accuracy and precision and ranked according to cost, efficiency and ease of the methods under several conditions that might be encountered at water treatment plants. The different analytical methods included: 1.The DPD (N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine) method 2.Lissamine Green B (LGB) wet-chemical method 3.Palintest® kit LGB 4.Amperometric titration All these tests were performed with standard 1.0 mg/L ClO2 either alone or in the presence of different chlorine species, including chlorite ion (ClO2-, 0.5 mg/L), chlorate ion (ClO3-, 0.5 mg/L) and chlorine (Cl2, 1.0 mg/L). The tests were performed with four different matrices, with different concentrations of 0.1 mg/L ClO2, 0.5 mg/L ClO2 and 1.0 mg/L ClO2 at a constant temperature of 20oC and at different temperatures of 0oC, 10oC and 20oC at a fixed ClO2 concentration of 1.0 mg/L. None of the four methods produced the desired level of either accuracy or precision. For all four methods, interference to the measured ClO2 concentration from the addition of ClO2-, ClO3-, and Cl2 was minimal when the methods were performed according to specifications. The Palintest® was the best all-round method because it was easy to perform, performed well at all concentrations tested, and its colored product was stable. The HACH® DPD method was also easy to perform and gave the best results when measuring concentrations of 1.0 mg/L ClO2. The DPD method was less accurate than the Palintest® at lower concentrations. The DPD colored product that formed upon reaction of ClO2 and DPD was unstable, making it necessary to measure the intensity of the colored product at exactly 1 minute. The amperometric titration and lissamine green methods were more cumbersome and time-consuming to perform than either the DPD or Palintest® methods; for this reason they are less desirable for routine use.
TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING TO SUPPORT LAND NAVIGATION (2009)

GPS/INS integrated georeferencing systems are unable to continuously provide highly accurate navigation in urban and forested regions due to limited availability of the GPS signal and the error accumulation of the INS sensor. Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) is a powerful technology that can rapidly map the object space at high spatial resolution with outstanding accuracy. Therefore, if an area is repeatedly mapped by TLS from different locations, the sensor pose changes can be determined based on the common object space. Consequently, GPS/INS/TLS integration offers a possibility to maintain navigation in GPS-challenged areas. Finding correspondence between two TLS scans, however, depends a lot on the properties of the object space. To simplify the surface matching process and improve the matching accuracy, spherical objects could be placed in the navigation area to be used as common targets. This paper introduces a method to support relative navigation of a TLS sensor that includes sphere extraction, positioning, and matching. Simulated data with various noise levels and occlusions were used to initially estimate the performance of the method. Later a prototype GPS/INS/TLS sensor system installed on a vehicle collected test data in an area where basketballs were placed on the ground as targets. Preliminary results have confirmed that the center of basketballs can be determined at millimeter precision, and thus the accurate position and attitude data can provide fixes for an INS sensor to maintain accurate navigation in a GPS-challenged environment (not discussed in this paper).
Design and Flight Test of a Hybrid External Load Stabilization System for an H-6 Helicopter Testbed (2015)

A future helicopter vehicle management system must include technologies to minimize the impact of externally slung loads on the helicopter's controllability. Two proposed technologies, active cargo hooks (ACH) and stabilization through the flight control system, termed the Flight Control Load Stabilization (FCLS), are developed. A hybrid combination of the two technologies is also explored. The design and simulation of the technologies culminates in the flight testing of the ACH and FCLS, with the hybrid mode being flown for the first time. The results showed the ACH system significantly improving load damping which in turn resulted in significant improvements in several key metrics such as handling qualities and maneuver completion time. In contrast, the FCLS and hybrid approaches did not show the same expected benefits in flight. Post flight investigation revealed an error in the modeling, which may help explain the discrepancies. With this correction made and gains retuned, the next flight test planned for early 2015 will reassess the FCLS and hybrid technologies.
Supplemental Figure 3 from Exploitation of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Transcription Factor Dependencies by the Novel BET Inhibitor ABBV-075 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;AR-dependent recruitment of BRD4 to ARE-enhancers.&lt;/p&gt;
Adjacent Display of Relevant Discussion Helps Resolve Confusion (2021)

Discussion fora of instructional videos contain previously-discussed questions and answers. These video comments can resolve many points of confusion for learners. However, finding relevant content in a separated discussion forum is challenging and disruptive to learning flow. This paper introduces Adjacent Display of Relevant Discussion (ADRD): it displays threaded comments in a panel adjacent to the video and dynamically updates the content of the panel based on the time of the video. In a between-subjects lab study (n=20), ADRD helped participants resolve confusion points, skim and read comments, and encouraged video interaction.
The Role of tumor-associated macrophage in tumor progression (2012)

The tumor progression is not only regulated by metastasis promoting and suppressing genes in cancer cells but it is also strongly influenced by the interaction between cancer cells and the stromal cells. An abundance of inflammatory mediators and leukocytes has been known to promote cancer metastasis, and tumor associated macrophages (TAM) are the key players in the link between inflammation and cancer. TAM are derived from peripheral blood monocytes that are recruited into the tumor by inflammatory chemokines. Upon activation by cancer cells, TAM gain the ability of pro-tumoral functions including expression of various growth factors, promotion of angiogenesis and suppression of adaptive immunity, and many of these factors also play critical roles in cancer metastasis. In this review, we will summarize the recent information about the function of TAM in the inflammatory micro-environment of solid tumors and discuss the potential targets for future therapeutic approaches.
An Oxygen Doped Nucleation Layer for the Growth of High Optical Quality GaN on Sapphire (2001)

We present a new oxygen-doped AlN nucleation layer for the growth of high quality GaN on sapphire by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. We investigated in detail the influence of oxygen in the gas phase in a range from 0.5 to 10 ppm. Around 4 ppm we obtained very stable and reproducible process conditions. A further optimization of the nucleation thickness resulted in GaN layers showing smooth and featureless surfaces with excellent spectroscopic properties. The best values were 45 arcsec in XRD rocking curve of the (002) peak and 1.7 meV in low temperature photoluminescence (PL) of the donor bound exciton. No yellow luminescence even at room temperature could be detected. Because of the low FWHM in PL a lot of features near the bandgap of GaN could be resolved. We observed the donor and acceptor bound exciton as well as the free A, B and C exciton.
Factors Associated with Platelet Activation-Recent Pharmaceutical Approaches (2022)

Platelets are at the forefront of human health and disease following the advances in their research presented in past decades. Platelet activation, their most crucial function, although beneficial in the case of vascular injury, may represent the initial step for thrombotic complications characterizing various pathologic states, primarily atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we initially summarize the structural and functional characteristics of platelets. Next, we focus on the process of platelet activation and its associated factors, indicating the potential molecular mechanisms involving inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and miRs. Finally, an overview of the available antiplatelet agents is being portrayed, together with agents possessing off-set platelet-inhibitory actions, while an extensive presentation of drugs under investigation is being given.
A Novel Approach for the Determination of Sorption Equilibria and Sorption Enthalpy Used for MOF Aluminium Fumarate with Water (2020)

Adsorption chillers offer an environmentally friendly solution for the valorisation of waste or solar heat for cooling demands. A recent application is high efficiency data centre cooling, where heat from CPUs is used to drive the process, providing cooling for auxiliary loads. The metal organic framework aluminium fumarate with water is potentially a suitable material pair for this low temperature driven application. A targeted heat exchanger design is a prerequisite for competitiveness, requiring, amongst other things, a sound understanding of adsorption equilibria and adsorption enthalpy. A novel method is employed for their determination based on small isothermal and isochoric state changes, applied with an apparatus developed initially for volume swing frequency response measurement, to samples with a binder-based adsorbent coating. The adsorption enthalpy is calculated through the Clausius–Clapeyron equation from the obtained slopes of the isotherm and isobar, while the absolute uptake is determined volumetrically. The isotherm confirms the step-like form known for aluminium fumarate, with a temperature dependent inflection point at p rel ≈ 0.25, 0.28 and 0.33 for 30 °C, 40 °C and 60 °C. The calculated differential enthalpy of adsorption is 2.90 ± 0.05 MJ/kg (52.2 ± 1.0 kJ/mol) on average, which is about 10–15% higher than expected by a simple Dubinin approximation.
A Model for Data-Driven Sonification Using Soundscapes (2015)

A sonification is a rendering of audio in response to data, and is used in instances where visual representations of data are impossible, difficult, or unwanted. Designing sonifications often requires knowledge in multiple areas as well as an understanding of how the end users will use the system. This makes it an ideal candidate for end-user development where the user plays a role in the creation of the design. We present a model for sonification that utilizes user-specified examples and data to generate cross-domain mappings from data to sound. As a novel contribution we utilize soundscapes (acoustic scenes) for these user-selected examples to define a structure for the sonification. We demonstrate a proof of concept of our model using sound examples and discuss how we plan to build on this work in the future.
Sigelübersicht (1998)

Dreistellige Sigel dienen der inhaltlichen Beschreibung. Im folgenden sind die Sigel nach systematischen Aspekten gruppiert. Eine alphabetische Sigelübersicht bietet das Sigelverzeichnis. Als Arbeitshilfe ist eine Kurzfassung dieser Übersicht auf der Klapptafel am Ende des Bandes wiedergegeben.
Direct Conversion Pulsed UWB Transceiver Architecture (2007)

Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication is an emerging wireless technology that promises high data rates over short distances and precise locationing. The large available bandwidth and the constraint of a maximum power spectral density drives a unique set of system challenges. This paper addresses these challenges using two UWB transceivers and a discrete prototype platform.
A Semantic Search Engine for Spatial Web Portals (2008)

Spatial Web Portals have dramatically improved the sharing, exchanging and interoperating of Earth Science data, information and services. Currently, huge amount of geospatial data, metadata, and web services have been collected, cataloged, and made available through SWPs to serve a broad user community. However, most search engines in SWPs are based on keyword matching, which can not effectively 'understand' the meaning of users' queries, especially when a user has limited Earth science knowledge. So how to find needed data from a variety of geospatial resources becomes a big challenge. In this paper, we'll discuss a way of building semantic search engine to make the spatial-aware search more intelligent.