gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Inter-Packet Spacing on the Delivery of Multimedia Content (2001)

Streaming multimedia content with UDP has become increasingly popular over distributed systems such as the Internet. However; because UDP does not possess any congestion-control mechanism and most best-effort traffic is served by the congestion-controlled TCP, UDP flows steal bandwidth from TCP to the point that TCP flows can starve for network.resources. Furthermore, such applications may cause the Internet infrastructure to eventually suffer from congestion collapse because UDP traffic does not self-regulate itself: To address this problem, next-generation Internet routers will implement active queue-management schemes to punish malicious traffic, e.g., non-adaptive UDP flows, and to the improve the performance of congestion-controlled traffic, e.g., TCP flows. The arrival of such routers will cripple the performance of today&amp;apos;s UDP-based multimedia applications. So, in this paper, we introduce the notion of inter-packet spacing with control feedback to enable these UDP-based applications to perform well in the next-generation Inter-
Circadian studies of autonomic nervous balance in patients with fibromyalgia: A heart rate variability analysis (1998)

Individuals with fibromyalgia have diminished 24-hour heart rate variability due to an increased nocturnal predominance of the low-frequency band oscillations consistent with an exaggerated sympathetic modulation of the sinus node. This abnormal chronobiology could explain the sleep disturbances and fatigue that occur in this syndrome. Spectral analysis of heart rate variability may be a useful test to identify fibromyalgia patients who have dysautonomia.
Identification and determination of selenocysteine, selenosugar, and other selenometabolites in turkey liver (2020)

Correction for 'Identification and determination of selenocysteine, selenosugar, and other selenometabolites in turkey liver' by Katarzyna Bierla et al., Metallomics, 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00040j.
Swab Tensile Testing Results and Procedures - PA11 Rev. 10 Swabs (2020)

This tensile test is to mimic the worst-case scenario of the swab being caught on an obstruction when being pulled out of the nasopharyngeal space. It is to determine how much tensile force the swab can withstand without breaking. All swabs were provided by HP and were the PA11 material and Rev 10 design. All of the swabs were tested using the protocol outlined in Section 2 (Tensile Testing Procedure). Not all of the swabs were pre-treated using the Autoclave. For those swabs that were pre-treated using the Autoclave, the tensile tests were performed within 6 hours of completion of the Autoclave pre-treatment, with the exception of the “Aged” swabs. For the “Aged” swabs, the tensile tests were performed 7 days after the Autoclave pre -treatment. The “Aged” swabs that were not pre-treated using the Autoclave, were tested 7 days after those that were not “Aged.”
Practical channel assignment using neural networks (2002)

The channel assignment problem (CAP) i.e. the task of assigning the channels to the radio base stations, is an NP-complete optimization problem occurring during design of cellular radio systems. An investigation is carried out to see how far a parallel neural network algorithm may be used for a real-world CAP. The neural network algorithm identified a channel assignment without heuristic rules generating the sequence of channel assignments. Formulating the optimization problems in terms of an energy function turned out to be very flexible, making it easy to include a variety of additional technical constraints and optimization criteria. Since a distinction between hard constraints and soft optimization criteria is only expressed by the relative strength of the terms in the energy function, the user is free to choose this relative strength according to his actual planning situation. Therefore, this neural network algorithm is well suited for the solution of real-world channel assignment problems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The Preparation of 1,3,4-Thiadiazoline-2,5-dione and Its Use as a Dienophilic Reagent (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of 1,3,4-Thiadiazoline-2,5-dione and Its Use as a Dienophilic ReagentE. Corey and Barry SniderCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 20, 3632–3633Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1973Publication History Published online16 August 2004Published inissue 1 October 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00960a600https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00960a600research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views400Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Deconstructing contact hole CD printing variability in EUV lithography (2014)

Lithographic CD printing variability can be easily captured with a CDU measurement, however delineating the most significant sources causing the variability is challenging. In EUV lithography, the resist, reticle, metrology methodology, and stochastics are examples of factors that influence printing variability. Determining the most significant sources of variability in contact hole and via patterning is particularly interesting because the variability can be measured as a function of two tethered dimensions. Contact hole (CH) variability has a direct impact on device performance while via variability affects metal area scaling and design. By studying sources of variability opportunities for improving device performance and scaling can be identified. In this paper, we will examine sources of contact patterning variability in EUV lithography comprehensively using various EUV exposure tools as well as simulation methods. We will present a benchmark of current state of the art materials and patterning methods with the goal of assessing contact hole printability at the limit of 0.33 NA EUV lithography.
Supplementary Table S1 from Identification of a nonkinase target mediating cytotoxicity of novel kinase inhibitors (2023)

Supplementary Table S1 from Identification of a nonkinase target mediating cytotoxicity of novel kinase inhibitors
D5.2 - Evaluation of Selected Measurement-based Techniques (2012)

Deliverable D5.2 del projecte FARAMIR
Overview of the aeroponic agriculture – An emerging technology for global food security (2020)

Traditionally, crops are cultivated in soil-based open field systems. Seasonality, environmental degradation, urbanization, and food security issues have replaced open-field systems with modern plant production systems. Soilless culture is one of the modern plant production systems, which involves much higher use of available resources. The presented study provides information about currently accessible soilless systems and discussed the aeroponic system. Compared to other soilless systems, aeroponic reduce water usage through continuous water circulation. However, the aeroponic is not entirely implemented among local farmers, and very few farmers have adopted the system due to the lack of research and technical information available in the literature. Therefore, this study was planned to provide information about the development and maintenance tasks required for practicing the aeroponic system. This study could provide knowledge to the researchers, farmers, and those people interested in practicing the aeroponic system.
Keywords: aeroponic, food security, hydroponic, soilless culture, substrate culture
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20201301.5156

Citation: Lakhiar I A, Gao J M, Syed T N, Chandio F A, Tunio M H, Ahmad F, et al. Overview of the aeroponic agriculture – An emerging technology for global food security. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(1): 1–10.
Role of cladding layer thicknesses on strained-layer InGaAs/GaAs single and multiple quantum well lasers (1993)

The influences of cladding layer thicknesses on the performance of strained-layer InGaAs/GaAs graded-index separated confinement heterostructure quantum well lasers have been studied. The waveguiding property of the laser structure was analyzed using the transfer matrix method. In this work, experimental results and the calculated results showed that threshold current densities and external quantum efficiencies both were crucially dependent on the thicknesses of cladding layer for both single and multiple quantum well lasers. The minimum cladding layer thicknesses needed to maintain low threshold current densities and low internal total loss for both single and multiple quantum well devices were determined experimentally and theoretically.
Quantitative Evaluation of Rock Blocks Stability by Hammering Test (2014)

落石災害を防止するために，鉄道事業者等では岩盤斜面中の岩塊を対象に定期的な検査を実施しているが，その内容は専門技術者による定性的な評価を主体とするのが現状である．そのため，現場技術者が実施できる定量的な岩塊の安定性評価方法の確立が求められている．本研究では岩塊の安定性の判定材料の一つであるハンマー打診による定性的評価の定量化を検討するために，岩塊と岩盤を模擬した供試体を対象とした実験，基盤岩および岩盤斜面中の岩塊を対象とした現地測定を行った．その結果，供試体の接着面積が小さいほど打音測定により得られた音圧スペクトルの最大フーリエ振幅は大きく，卓越周波数が低いことがわかった．また，供試体実験では打音測定と同時に振動測定を行い両者を比較し，音圧スペクトルの低周波域に振動測定により得られる速度スペクトルの最大フーリエ振幅を示すピークと一致するピークが認められることがわかった．これらの傾向は現地測定でも認められた．また岩塊ごとの測定結果を基盤岩の測定結果で正規化することで異なる岩種の測定結果を統一的に評価することを可能とした．以上の成果を基に打音測定による岩塊の安定性評価フローを提案した．
Toward Polymeric and Polymer Composites Impeller Fabrication (2021)

Impellers are referred to as a core component of turbomachinery. The use of impellers in various applications is considered an integral part of the industry. So, increased performance and the optimization of impellers have been the center of attention of a lot of studies. In this regard, studies have been focused on the improvement of the efficiency of rotary machines through aerodynamic optimization, using high-performance materials and suitable manufacturing processes. As such, the use of polymers and polymer composites due to their lower weight when compared to metals has been the focus of studies. On the other hand, methods of the manufacturing process for polymer and polymer composite impellers such as conventional impeller manufacturing, injection molding and additive manufacturing can offer higher economic efficiency than similar metal parts. In this study, polymeric and polymer composites impellers are discussed and conclusions are drawn according to the manufacturing methods. Studies have shown promising results for the replacement of polymers and polymer composites instead of metals with respect to a suitable temperature range. In general, polymers showed a good ability to fabricate the impellers, however in more difficult working conditions considering the need for a substance with higher physical and mechanical properties necessitates the use of composite polymers. However, in some applications, the use of these materials needs further research and development.
Constructing COVID-19: A corpus-informed analysis of prime ministerial crisis response communication by gender (2022)

This paper compares Australian and New Zealand Prime Ministers’ crisis response communication about COVID-19. We examine how gender performativity and contextual factors contribute to each leader’s discursive ‘style’ at the lexical level, and explore micro-diachronic changes as the pandemic unfolded. Informed by corpus linguistics approaches, we analysed written texts published on each leader’s website between January and December 2020, using Scattertext to visualise lexical differences between each leader’s corpus, and mapping frequencies against coronavirus case numbers in each country. Guided by these results, closer qualitative analysis reveals that whereas Jacinda Ardern quickly established and maintained a consistent and highly personalised style in guiding New Zealanders through the pandemic, Scott Morrison’s messaging was both less personal and more reactive to the epidemic curve. However, despite some traces of stereotypically gendered language, neither leader made gender salient in their COVID-19 crisis response communication.
A dye sensitized solar cell using natural counter electrode and natural dye derived from mangosteen peel waste (2015)

Mangosteen peel is an inedible portion of a fruit. We are interested in using these residues as components of a dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Carbonized mangosteen peel was used with mangosteen peel dye as a natural counter electrode and a natural photosensitizer, respectively. A distinctive mesoporous honeycomb-like carbon structure with a rough nanoscale surface was found in carbonized mangosteen peels. The efficiency of a dye sensitized solar cell using carbonized mangosteen peel was compared to that of DSSCs with Pt and PEDOT-PSS counter electrodes. The highest solar conversion efficiency (2.63%) was obtained when using carbonized mangosteen peel and an organic disulfide/thiolate (T2/T(-)) electrolyte.
In vivo analysis of γH2AX+ cells in skeletal muscle from aged and obese humans (2020)

Over the past 20 years, various identifiers of cellular senescence have been used to quantify the abundance of these cells in different tissues. These include classic markers such as p16, senescence-associated β-gal, and γH2AX, in addition to more recent markers (Sudan Black B and HMGB1). In vivo data on the usefulness of these markers in skeletal muscle are very limited and inconsistent. In the present study, we attempted to identify senescent cells in frozen human skeletal muscle biopsies using these markers to determine the effects of age and obesity on senescent cell burden; however, we were only able to assess the abundance of DNA-damaged nuclei using γH2AX immunohistochemistry. The abundance of γH2AX+ cells, including satellite cells, was not higher in muscle from old compared to young individuals; however, γH2AX+ cells were higher with obesity. Additionally, terminally differentiated, postmitotic myofiber nuclei from obese individuals had elevated γH2AX abundance compared to muscle from lean individuals. Analyses of gene expression support the conclusion that the elevated DNA damage and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype are preferentially associated with obesity in skeletal muscle. These data implicate obesity as a larger contributor to DNA damage in skeletal muscle than aging; however, more sensitive senescence markers for human skeletal muscle are needed to determine if these cells are in fact senescent.
Species, Density and Survival of Nematodes in Drinking Water. (1995)

A survey of nematodes in drinking water treated by an advanced water treatment plant with biological treatment and granular activated carbon filter bed has been conducted for one year. Some nematodes with average 5.3%survival were observed in all samples from drinking water and the densities of nematodes seasonally fluctuated. Three genera 4 species were detected, but only two genera often appeared in which Plectus was abundant and Rhabditis was lesser. There was no relationship between rainfall and the densities of nematodes in drinking water. It was found that water temperature has a strong influence on the densities of nematodes. The species of nematodes in drinking water were much less than those in the water resource, which indicated that nematodes from the water resource were able to be removed by the water treatment facilities. On the other hand, the densities of nematodes in drinking water were much more than those in the water resource especially in the warmer seasons. It was suggested that some species like Plectus were able to breed within some treatment facilities, probably within the GAC filter.
Acyltransferases Regulate Oil Quality in Camelina sativa Through Both Acyl Donor and Acyl Acceptor Specificities (2020)

<i>Camelina sativa</i> is an emerging biotechnology oil crop. However, more information is needed regarding its innate lipid enzyme specificities. We have therefore characterized several triacylglycerol (TAG) producing enzymes by measuring <i>in vitro</i> substrate specificities using different combinations of acyl-acceptors (diacylglycerol, DAG) and donors. Specifically, <i>C. sativa</i> acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) 1 and 2 (which both use acyl-CoA as acyl donor) and phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT, with phosphatidylcoline as acyl donor) were studied. The results show that the DGAT1 and DGAT2 specificities are complementary, with DGAT2 exhibiting a high specificity for acyl acceptors containing only polyunsaturated fatty acids (FAs), whereas DGAT1 prefers acyl donors with saturated and monounsaturated FAs. Furthermore, the combination of substrates that resulted in the highest activity for DGAT2, but very low activity for DGAT1, corresponds to TAG species previously shown to increase in <i>C. sativa</i> seeds with downregulated DGAT1. Similarly, the combinations of substrates that gave the highest PDAT1 activity were also those that produce the two TAG species (54:7 and 54:8 TAG) with the highest increase in PDAT overexpressing <i>C. sativa</i> seeds. Thus, the <i>in vitro</i> data correlate well with the changes in the overall fatty acid profile and TAG species in <i>C. sativa</i> seeds with altered DGAT1 and PDAT activity. Additionally, <i>in vitro</i> studies of <i>C. sativa</i> phosphatidycholine:diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase (PDCT), another activity involved in TAG biosynthesis, revealed that PDCT accepts substrates with different desaturation levels. Furthermore, PDCT was unable to use DAG with ricineoleyl groups, and the presence of this substrate also inhibited PDCT from using other DAG-moieties. This gives insights relating to previous <i>in vivo</i> studies regarding this enzyme.
Design and Theoretical Analysis of a Dual-Polarized Quasi D-Shaped Plasmonic PCF Microsensor for Back-to-Back Measurement of Refractive Index and Temperature (2021)

We present a new quasi D-shaped plasmonic photonic crystal fiber (PCF) microsensor with dual polarization for back-to-back measurement of refractive index (RI) and temperature. The PCF structure of the microsensor is form birefringent and supports two orthogonal polarizations for independent probing of both RI and temperature variations. Thin layers of tantalum pentoxide (Ta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> ) and gold (Au) are applied to the side-polished plane to form the RI sensing section. Furthermore, four micro air holes in the lower part of its outer cladding ring are gold-coated and selectively infiltrated with a temperature-sensitive liquid. A detailed investigation and numerical analyses of the coupling characteristics and sensing responses are presented using the finite element method (FEM) with a circular perfectly matched layer (PML). The RI metrics show a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 5000 nm/RIU and a maximum amplitude sensitivity of 266.54 RIU <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> from 1.35 to 1.46 RI range in the specified operating wavelength range of 1.25- 1.65 μ\textm. The corresponding RI resolution is 2.0×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> RIU. For the temperature sensing metrics, a maximum amplitude sensitivity of 4.8×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> \textC <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> , a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 3.0 nm/°C, and a maximum resolution of 3.33×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> \textC from -50°C to 50°C is achieved. With appropriate instrumentation incorporating a polarization selector, the microsensor can double as a real-time simultaneous multiparameter sensor. Applications for the proposed microsensor can be found in molecular science, medical measurement and analysis, terrestrial environmental engineering and data assessment, aquatic ecosystem investigations, pharmaceutical and alimentary process control and validation, cryogenic studies, and several others.
Determinants and Clinical Outcomes of Extended Dual Antiplatelet Therapy over 3 Years after Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation: A Retrospective Analysis (2020)

In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, indefinite use of DAPT does not show superior outcomes to those of guideline-DAPT. Major bleeding rates are also similar.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVENIENT METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESES OF BENZYL N‐MONOALKYLCARBAMATES AND N‐BENZYLOXYCARBONYLAMINO ACIDS (1974)

Abstract Benzyl‐N‐(p‐chlorphenylthio)‐carbamat (I) liefert mit Kalium‐tert.‐butoxid in Dimethylformamid bei ‐20°C das Kaliumsalz (II), das sich mit den Bromiden (III) in hoher Ausbeute zu den alkylierten Carbamaten (IV) umsetzt.
Mixed gaits in small avian terrestrial locomotion (2015)

Scientists have historically categorized gaits discretely (e.g. regular gaits such as walking, running). However, previous results suggest that animals such as birds might mix or regularly or stochastically switch between gaits while maintaining a steady locomotor speed. Here, we combined a novel and completely automated large-scale study (over one million frames) on motions of the center of mass in several bird species (quail, oystercatcher, northern lapwing, pigeon, and avocet) with numerical simulations. The birds studied do not strictly prefer walking mechanics at lower speeds or running mechanics at higher speeds. Moreover, our results clearly display that the birds in our study employ mixed gaits (such as one step walking followed by one step using running mechanics) more often than walking and, surprisingly, maybe as often as grounded running. Using a bio-inspired model based on parameters obtained from real quails, we found two types of stable mixed gaits. In the first, both legs exhibit different gait mechanics, whereas in the second, legs gradually alternate from one gait mechanics into the other. Interestingly, mixed gaits parameters mostly overlap those of grounded running. Thus, perturbations or changes in the state induce a switch from grounded running to mixed gaits or vice versa.