gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time Domain Parallel Finite-element Method Coupling with Motion for Transient Motor Starting Analysis (2017)

This paper proposes the time domain parallel finite-element method (TDPFEM) coupling with equation of motion to efficiently obtain transient solutions of electric machines using parallel computing. The proposed TDPFEM is based on an iterative procedure combined with the Newton-Raphson iteration for a nonlinear magnetic field problem and equation of motion for a rotor. The scalability of the proposed method is examined in the starting transient analysis of a cage induction motor on large-scale parallel computing environment.
Therapeutic Potential of N-Acetylcysteine for Wound Healing, Acute Bronchiolitis, and Congenital Heart Defects (2016)

In conclusion, NAC could be used as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of wound healing, acute bronchiolitis and congenital heart defects (CHDs). The focus of future research should be the following; (1) to examine NAC clinically to be considered in the treatment of wound healing; (2) to investigate whether NAC could be used alone or with insulin to prevent CHDs in infants with pregestational diabetes; (3) to evaluate the application of NAC as a potential agent for PAH treatment.
Selective Enhancement of SiO[sub 2] Etch Rate by Ar-Ion Implantation for Improved Etch Depth Control (2007)

Argon-ion implantation can be used to selectively and dramatically enhance the etch rate of a silicon dioxide film down to a precise depth, to allow for improved control of etch depth in a timed oxide etch process. An empirical model based on damage concentration, fit to experimental data, is used to explain the correlation between the implantation conditions (dose, energy) and the etch-rate enhancement parameters. The model is shown to yield predictions of the etch rate enhancement consistent with the existing model based on nuclear deposited energy. The depth of etch-rate enhancement is determined primarily by the implant energy, whereas the etch-rate enhancement factor is controlled by the implant dose. Enhancement factors close to five were achieved with moderate-dose implantation. Lower ion-implantation energy results in sharper transition between the etch-rate enhanced and the unaffected oxide region. This technique can be used to improve process uniformity in fabrication of three-dimensional semiconductor device structures such as bulk-Si FinFETs, for reduced variations in circuit performance.
Persistent B + -trees in non-volatile main memory (2015)

Computer systems in the near future are expected to have &lt;u&gt;N&lt;/u&gt;on-&lt;u&gt;V&lt;/u&gt;olatile &lt;u&gt;M&lt;/u&gt;ain &lt;u&gt;M&lt;/u&gt;emory (NVMM), enabled by a new generation of &lt;u&gt;N&lt;/u&gt;on-&lt;u&gt;V&lt;/u&gt;olatile &lt;u&gt;M&lt;/u&gt;emory (NVM) technologies, such as Phase Change Memory (PCM), STT-MRAM, and Memristor. The non-volatility property has the promise to persist in-memory data structures for instantaneous failure recovery. However, realizing such promise requires a careful design to ensure that in-memory data structures are in known consistent states after failures. This paper studies persistent in-memory B + -Trees as B + -Trees are widely used in database and data-intensive systems. While traditional techniques, such as undo-redo logging and shadowing, support persistent B + -Trees, we find that they incur drastic performance overhead because of extensive NVM writes and CPU cache flush operations. PCM-friendly B + -Trees with unsorted leaf nodes help mediate this issue, but the remaining overhead is still large. In this paper, we propose write atomic B + -Trees (wB + -Trees), a new type of main-memory B + -Trees, that aim to reduce such overhead as much as possible. wB + -Tree nodes employ a small indirect slot array and/or a bitmap so that most insertions and deletions do not require the movement of index entries. In this way, wB + -Trees can achieve node consistency either through atomic writes in the nodes or by redo-only logging. We model fast NVM using DRAM on a real machine and model PCM using a cycle-accurate simulator. Experimental results show that compared with previous persistent B + -Tree solutions, wB + -Trees achieve up to 8.8x speedups on DRAM-like fast NVM and up to 27.1x speedups on PCM for insertions and deletions while maintaining good search performance. Moreover, we replaced Memcached's internal hash index with tree indices. Our real machine Memcached experiments show that wB + -Trees achieve up to 3.8X improvements over previous persistent tree structures with undo-redo logging or shadowing.
Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Nonlinear Behavior of Piperacillin during Intermittent or Continuous Infusion in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis (2003)

The purpose of this study was to describe the nonlinear pharmacokinetics of piperacillin observed during intermittent infusion and continuous infusion by using a nonparametric population modeling approach. Data were 120 serum piperacillin concentration measurements from eight adult cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Individual pharmacokinetic parameter estimates during intermittent infusion or continuous infusion were calculated by noncompartmental analysis and with a maximum iterative two-stage Bayesian estimator. To simultaneously describe concentration-time data during intermittent infusion and continuous infusion, nonlinear models were parameterized as two-compartment Michaelis-Menten models. Models were fit to the data with the nonparametric expectation maximization algorithm. The calculations were executed on a remote supercomputer. Nonlinear models were evaluated by log-likelihood estimates, residual plots, and R(2) values, and predictive performance was based on bias (mean weighted error [MWE]) and precision (mean weighted square error [MWSE]). A linear pharmacokinetic model could not describe combined intermittent infusion and continuous infusion data well. A good population model fit to the intermittent infusion and continuous infusion data was obtained with the constructed nonlinear models. Maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) Bayesian R(2) values for the nonlinear models were 0.96 to 0.97. Median parameter estimates for the best nonlinear model were as follows: K(m), 58 +/- 75 mg/liter (mean and standard deviation); V(max), 1,904 +/- 1,009 mg/h; volume of distribution of the central compartment, 14.1 +/- 3.0 liters; k(12), 0.63 +/- 0.41 h(-1); and k(21), 0.37 +/- 0.19 h(-1). The median bias (MWE) and precision (MWSE) values for MAP Bayesian estimation with the Michaelis-Menten model were 0.05 and 4.6 mg/liters, respectively. The developed nonlinear pharmacokinetic models can be used to optimize piperacillin therapy administered via continuous infusion in patients with CF and have distinct advantages over conventional linear models.
Advancements in Vibration Monitoring for the Mining Industry (2015)

Rotating machinery assets are a fundamental necessity in the mining industry. Furthermore, the proper maintenance and ability to monitoring these key assets is important to maximizing the operations. This paper will discuss the merits and advancements in vibration monitor systems and the direct impact on supervisory control and data acquisition and predictive maintenance models.
Data Supplement from HSV-sr39TK Positron Emission Tomography and Suicide Gene Elimination of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Their Progeny in Humanized Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legend for Supplemental Figures S1-S3.&lt;/p&gt;
Measuring cumulus expansion of mammalian oocytes: comparing the reliability of methods and how artificial intelligence could automate the measurement (2023)

Abstract Cumulus expansion is an important indicator of oocyte maturation, often correlated with greater oocyte developmental capacity. Although multiple methods have been described to assess cumulus expansion, none of them is considered a gold standard. Additionally, these methods are subjective and time-consuming. Here, the reliability of three cumulus expansion measurement methods was evaluated and a deep learning model was created to automatically perform the measurement. Cumulus-oocyte complexes were compared before and after in vitro maturation by three independent observers using three methods: (1) measurement of the cumulus area, (2) measurement of three distances between the zona pellucida and outer cumulus, and (3) scoring cumulus expansion on a 5-point Likert scale. Inter- and intra-observer agreements were calculated using intraclass-correlation coefficients (ICC). The area method resulted in the best overall agreement with an ICC of 0.89 versus 0.54 and 0.30 for the 3-distance and scoring method, respectively. Therefore, the area method served as the base to create the deep learning model, which outperformed two observers while equivalent to the third. Measuring the area is the most reliable method to manually evaluate cumulus expansion, whilst deep learning automatically performs the calculation with human-level accuracy and could therefore be a valuable prospective tool for embryologists.
Cardiac amyloidosis awareness among residents/specialists in Geriatrics: an Italian national survey (2021)

Objective. Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) among older adults is less infrequent than usually considered, and often underdiagnosed. Geriatricians’ awareness and knowledge of CA is unknown. Objectives of the study are to assess actual CA knowledge among residents/specialists in Geriatrics, and their usual clinical practice in managing suspected CA. Methods. In this Nation-wide survey carried out by the Italian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics in April-August 2020, we administered to residents/specialists in Geriatrics a questionnaire divided in three sections: socio-demographical, procedural and knowledge. Results were stratified by qualification (resident/specialist) and by performance (best/worst performers). Results. 289 residents and 104 specialists participated. The overall proportion of correct answers was 57.9% (58.4% residents, 56.1% specialists); knowledge about clinical (89% of correct answers, 91% residents and 84% specialists, P = 0.062), ECG (72% of correct answers, no differences between groups), and echocardiographic (86% of correct answers, no differences between groups) signs of CA was good. However, only 8% participants knew how to diagnose ATTRwt CA (no differences between groups), and 19% which diuretic is indicated in CA (22% residents, 13% specialists, P = 0.069). Only 25% of the participants knew the natural history of ATTRwt (19% residents, 41% specialists, P &lt; 0.001), and 37% was aware of the target of the ATTR treatment. Prevalence of CA was underestimated by 57% specialists and 37% residents (P = 0.001). Conclusions. Knowledge of CA among residents/specialists in Geriatrics is uncomplete. Education campaigns on this topic are desirable, to improve physicians’ awareness of CA, thus reducing the number of potential misdiagnosis/delay in correct diagnoses.
The Navy's coupled atmosphere-ocean-wave prediction system (2010)

An air-ocean-wave modeling system has been developed by the Naval Research Laboratory to provide improved predictive capabilities to the warfighter in regions that include an oceanic component. Each of the three operational models, run in a standalone mode, have provided 48 to 96 hour forecast guidance for the past several years. Utilizing the Earth System Modeling Framework, a model coupler exchanges needed information between the model components and interpolates between the model grids. This paper will discuss the model coupling and provide a brief overview of validation studies that have been performed in the Adriatic Sea, Ligurian Sea and Kuroshio extension, with a particular emphasis on air-sea interactions. Model studies presented here focus on the upper ocean (mixed layer) heat fluxes, near surface winds, temperature, moisture, the air-sea interaction, and the marine boundary layer characteristics. Validation studies presented here show the most improvements in ocean heat fluxes, due to a more realistic sea surface temperature. The coupled system is scheduled for operational implementation at Navy production centers beginning in 2011.
A Quantitative Model for the Coupled Diffusion of Phosphorus and Point Defects in Silicon (1992)

In this paper, we develop and analyze models for the coupled diffusion of dopants and point defects, since such models have been observed to display the qualitative aspects of high concentration phosphorus diffusion profiles such as the characteristic "kink and tail." We begin by describing a general model for phosphorus diffusion via dopant/defect pairs assuming local equilibrium for electronic processes, but not for chemical processes. Using this system, along with parameters based on experimental data previously reported in the literature, we test common model assumptions. Our analysis concludes that dopant/defect pairing reactions are near local equilibrium, but that defect recombination reactions are not. We then use a simplified model, based on the assumption that the pairing reactions are near equilibrium to simulate phosphorus profiles. By including diffusion of phosphorus via negatively‐charged phosphorus/vacancy pairs, in addition to diffusion via phosphorus/interstitial pairs which dominates in intrinsic materials, we are able to match experimental phosphorus diffusion profiles with surface concentrations ranging from intrinsic to solid‐solubility at 900 and 1000°C, while remaining consistent with the broad range of previously observed behavior of phosphorus and point defects in silicon.
A Vector Quantization Approach to LMMSE Channel Estimation for OFDM System (2011)

The linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) channel estimation has better performance than the least square (LS) channel estimation. However, it requires channel statistics which are often difficult to obtain. In addition, the computational complexity of the LMMSE channel estimation is high because of the inverse matrix computation. In order to overcome these implementation issues, a vector quantization approach to LMMSE channel estimation for OFDM systems is proposed in this paper. The LMMSE filter coefficients (LFC) are assumed to be determined by two parameters: root-mean-square delay spread (RDS) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). After being calculated by using the LS channel estimation at pilot subcarriers, these parameters are mapped into a representation codevector of the quantization region. So that LFC can be obtained through the pre-calculated look-up table, which stores LFC corresponding to the representation codevector. Optimal vector quantization under the memory constraint is also derived. Finally, the proposed method is applied to channel sounding of the IEEE 802.16e specification and the resulting performance is improved compared to the LS channel estimation.
Animal models in the study of the phenomenon of parasitism: filariae and other parasites. (1991)

The Round table has emphasized the absolute necessity of in vivo research showing the complexity of host reaction to the parasite. The results obtained in vitro can only provide a preliminary indication, because any interference with the culture is susceptible of changing the precarious balance of the parasite in that artificial environment. The subject proposed here cannot be treated wholly, but some particular topics could be discussed: 1--searching for appropriate models; 2--parasite strains; 3--some aspects on pathology and drug development; 4--vaccines; what significance in a natural host-parasite relationship can be gathered from a non-natural one?
Collective Modes and the Periodicity of Quantum Hall Stripes (2011)

We investigate the quantum Hall stripe phase at filling factor 9/2 at the microscopic level by probing the dispersion of its collective modes with the help of surface acoustic waves with wavelengths down to 60 nm. The dispersion is strongly anisotropic. It is highly dispersive and exhibits a roton minimum for wave vectors aligned along the easy transport direction. In the perpendicular direction, however, the dispersion is featureless, although not flat as predicted by theory. Oscillatory behavior in the absorption intensity of the collective mode with a wave vector perpendicular to the stripes is attributed to a commensurability effect. It allows us to extract the periodicity of the quantum Hall stripes.
Comparative Analysis of Reactivity of Aspen Wood in Enzymatic Hydrolysis in Dependence on its Pre-treatment in Aqueous and Aqueous-organic Solutions of Sulfuric and Nitric Ac (2015)

Various methods for pretreatment of aspen wood were studied. The methods included the pretreatment of the wood with aqueous solutions of sulfuric and nitric acids and with water-organic (ethanol, butanol) solution of sulfuric acid (organosolvent). The effect of the methods on the conversion of raw material into simple sugars during the enzymatic hydrolysis was comparatively studied. The effects of temperature, acid concentration, composition of the organic phase (for sulfuric acid), and pressure (for nitric acid) on the pretreatment efficiency are analyzed. It is shown that the use of organosolvent of 0,5 % sulfuric acid allows one to increase the reactivity of ground aspen wood by 3–4 times as compared with that of the feedstock. The most effective pretreatment was found to be the pretreatment in a 4,8 % aqueous solution of nitric acid (125 °C, 1,8 MPa, 60 min), which increases the reactivity of ground aspen wood more than by 5 times.
Synthesis of 4-amino-4-deoxy-7,10-methano-5-deazapteroic acid and 7,10-methano-5-deazapteroic acid (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 4-amino-4-deoxy-7,10-methano-5-deazapteroic acid and 7,10-methano-5-deazapteroic acidEdward C. Taylor, Stephen R. Fletcher, and Steven FitzjohnCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 7, 1010–1014Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00207a021Request reuse permissionsArticle Views305Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (648 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Differences in the activity of adenosine deaminase and of purine nucleoside phosphorylase and in the sensitivity to deoxypurine nucleosides between subpopulations of mouse thymocytes. (1982)

The activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) were measured in thymocyte subpopulations separated by peanut agglutinin (PNA), in unseparated thymocytes, in lymph node and in spleen cells. The PNA+ thymocyte subpopulation exhibited the highest ADA activity of all cells studied. The lowest PNP activity was found in the PNA- subpopulation of thymocytes. PNA+ cells, moreover, exhibited a more intensive DNA synthesis than the PNA- cells, and a greater sensitivity to deoxyadenosine toxicity in the presence of erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)-adenine (EHNA). The two thymocyte subpopulations exhibited a similar sensitivity to deoxyguanosine (dG) toxicity.
Dosimetry characterization of catheter‐based vascular brachytherapy source wire (2000)

Dosimetry measurements and Monte Carlo simulations for a catheter-based 32P endovascular brachytherapy source wire are described. The measured dose rates were obtained using both radiochromic dye film and an automated plastic scintillator. The investigated source has dimensions of 27 mm in length and 0.24 mm in diameter, and is encapsulated in NiTi. For the radiochromic film measurements, calibrated radiochromic dye film was irradiated at distances between 1 and 5 mm from the source axis in A-150 plastic, and read out with a high-resolution scanning densitometer. The depth-dose curve measured in A-150 is then converted to that in water using correction factors obtained from Monte Carlo calculations. For the scintillator system, direct measurements in water were acquired at distances between 1 and 6 mm from the center of the source, along the perpendicular bisector of the source axis. The scintillator was calibrated in terms of absorbed-dose rate in a reference beta-particle field at multiple depths. The measured dose rates obtained from the film and scintillator measurements were then normalized to the measured source activity, i.e., to convert the measured data to units of cGy/s/mCi. Theoretical dosimetry calculations of the catheter-based 32P wire geometry were also obtained from Monte Carlo simulations using the Electron Gamma Shower code (EGS4), the Monte Carlo N-particle transport code (MCNP4B), and CYLTRAN from the Integrated Tiger Series codes (ITS v.3) and found to be in good agreement. The results of both measurements and calculations are expressed as absorbed-dose rate in water per unit of contained activity (cGy/s/mCi). Comparisons indicate that the measured and calculated dosimetry are in good agreement (<10%) within the relevant treatment distances (1-5 mm). This work fully characterizes the radiation field around a novel 32P beta brachytherapy source in water. The depth-dose curve can be used to calculate the dose to the vessel wall from a 27 mm 32P source wire centered within the vessel lumen.
Stimulation of hepatocarcinogenesis by neutrophils upon induction of oncogenic kras expression in transgenic zebrafish (2015)

An inflammatory cue from oncogenic hepatocytes upon induction of kras(V12) expression causes a rapid recruitment of neutrophils to oncogenic liver and the neutrophils play a promoting role in early hepatocarcinogenesis.
Phase 1 and 2 Trial of Bexarotene Gel for Skin-Directed Treatment of Patients With Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (2002)

To evaluate the safety, dose tolerance, and efficacy of topical bexarotene gel in patients with early-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL).Phase 1 and 2, open-label, dose-escalation clinical trial of bexarotene gel.Three university-based clinics.Sixty-seven adults with early-stage (TNM stages IA-IIA) CTCL.Bexarotene gel, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0%, applied in incremental dose adjustments from 0.1% gel every day to 1.0% gel 4 times daily or the maximal tolerated dose.Patients were followed for efficacy and safety, and treatment continued as long as they benefited. Response (> or =50% improvement) was evaluated by the Physician's Global Assessment of cutaneous disease and by an overall severity assessment of cutaneous disease, including signs of CTCL and area involved.Most patients tolerated topical bexarotene at 1% gel twice daily for routine use. Adverse events were generally mild to moderate in severity and were confined to treatment sites. Treatment-limiting toxic effects were associated with skin irritation and increased with gel exposure. Patients achieved an overall response rate of 63% and a clinical complete response rate of 21%. Median projected time to onset of response was 20.1 weeks (range, 4.0-86.0 weeks), and the estimated median response duration from the start of therapy was 99 weeks. Patients with no previous therapy for mycosis fungoides responded at a higher rate (75%) than those who previously underwent topical therapies (67%).Bexarotene gel was well tolerated, was easily self-applied, and had a substantial response rate in treating patients with early-stage CTCL.