gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emerging Implications for Extracellular Matrix‐Based Technologies in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (2015)

Despite recent progress in vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), limitations including complex, high dose immunosuppression regimens, lifelong risk of toxicity from immunosuppressants, acute and most critically chronic graft rejection, and suboptimal nerve regeneration remain particularly challenging obstacles restricting clinical progress. When properly configured, customized, and implemented, biomaterials derived from the extracellular matrix (ECM) retain bioactive molecules and immunomodulatory properties that can promote stem cell migration, proliferation and differentiation, and constructive functional tissue remodeling. The present paper reviews the emerging implications of ECM-based technologies in VCA, including local immunomodulation, tissue repair, nerve regeneration, minimally invasive graft targeted drug delivery, stem cell transplantation, and other donor graft manipulation.
Effect of structural perturbations on helix-coil transitions in covalently closed supercoiled dna (2009)

The role of base-pair cooperativity in causing the helix-coil transition or the “melting” of a linear hydrogen-bonded macromolecule like DNA is well known. In the present paper, the melting curve for the covalently closed supercoiled DNA is studied, on the basis of statistical mechanics, by assuming the existence of supercoil-induced cruciforms as significant structural perturbations over the usual regular helical sequence and the bubbles in the premelting region of the macromolecule. In comparison, the nicked circular DNA, like the linear macromolecule, is assumed to consist of the regular helical sequences and the bubbles only. The partition functions are obtained on the basis of the appropriate sequence-generating functions, so that the number of helical units at a given temperature can be determined. The results are compared with the available experimental data in tetraethylammonium bromide (TEA) solution where the effect of the base-pair heterogeneity is minimized. The higher melting point and the flatter melting curve for the supercoiled DNA, as obtained from theory, are found to be in close agreement with the corresponding experimental observation.
Intermediate-velocity atomic collisions. III. Electron capture in 8.6- MeV/amu Ca ions (1988)

Electron-capture cross sections by 8.6-MeV/amu ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{18+}$, ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{19+}$, and ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{20+}$ beams were measured in gas targets from ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ to Xe. Measurements were made of total electron capture as well as of electron capture in coincidence with projectile K x rays. Comparison with the eikonal approximation shows a reasonable agreement with the experimental data. The effect of various metastable states of the heliumlike ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{18+}$ ion created by electron capture for ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{19+}$ projectiles is analyzed, showing that these states play an important role in the detected x-ray yields.
High Pressure Multi-Stage Centrifugal Pump for 10,000 psi Frac Pump - HPHPS FRAC Pump (2013)

Abstract Field use and test results of an HPHPS (High Pressure Horizontal Pumping System), and how it is integrated into a frac fleet of 20 PD (Positive Displacement) conventional frac pumpers to support fracs in the Horn River Basin. This HPHPS was successfully tested on leases in the Horn River Basin of North Eastern British Columbia to pump Debolt source water (a saline, sour and gassy aquifer) during frac operations in 2010 and 2011. This provided an alternative solution to a $50mm+ water treatment plant for supplementing fresh water volumes used for frac operations. Fresh water is being extensively used for fracturing operations to stimulate both oil &amp; gas shale wells. Once used for this purpose, the water is either disposed of, or needs extensive treatment to recondition it for further fracture operations. Operators in the Horn River Basin have access to a non-potable aquifer that is available for both source water and disposal use, that is shallower than the shale gas wells requiring stimulation, but much deeper than the fresh water aquifers. Many tests were conducted by numerous operators on the Debolt aquifer to determine how this water source could be utilized to supplement fresh water requirements for fracture operations. Extensive aquifer testing revealed that this Debolt water remains stable if kept above the bubble point pressure, but existing PD frac pumps cannot pump this water at the high suction pressures required to keep the water stable. A high pressure multi stage centrifugal pump configured as an HPHPS for 500 psi suction and 10,000 psi discharge is capable of using raw Debolt water as a fracture fluid. This paper will review how 3 HPHPS frac pumpers were integrated into a frac fleet of 20 PD frac pumps for evaluation of HPHPS pumping performance on a 10 well pad site during a 2013 frac campaign in the Horn River Basin. This multi-well pad site is scheduled for 252 fracs at 6.3 fracs per day. The successful integration of HPHPS frac pumps into a standard PD frac fleet enables a Pressurized Frac On Demand (PFOD) system to be used. Untreated sour aquifer water can then be used to supplement fresh water in the large water demand requirement necessary to stimulate shale zones. These concepts may be applicable in other shale exploitation areas to reduce the demands on the local fresh water resources in their areas too.
Outside Cover Picture: Plasma Process. Polym. 5/2020 (2020)

Outside Front Cover: Nonthermal plasma nanocrystal synthesis coupled with thermal or plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition can form bi-phasic nanocomposites with intriguing new materials properties. Tuning the nanocomposite structure allows for tailoring the electrical, optical, and thermal characteristics. The nanocomposites' biphasic nature enables independent control of several properties and can endow materials with multiple functionalities. Further details can be found in the article by Chad A. Beaudette, Xiaojia Wang, and Uwe R. Kortshagen (e2000002).
Direct numerical simulation of turbulent channel flow up to Reτ=590 (1999)

Numerical simulations of fully developed turbulent channel flow at three Reynolds numbers up to Reτ=590 are reported. It is noted that the higher Reynolds number simulations exhibit fewer low Reynolds number effects than previous simulations at Reτ=180. A comprehensive set of statistics gathered from the simulations is available on the web at http://www.tam.uiuc.edu/Faculty/Moser/channel.
Sensors: Thin Film Growth of nbo MOFs and their Integration with Electroacoustic Devices (Adv. Funct. Mater. 11/2016) (2016)

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors detect molecules by modifying the frequency of a surface vibration launched between pairs of interdigitated electrodes. On page 1699, M. D. Allendorf, R. A. Fischer, V. Stavila, and co-workers introduce crystalline metal–organic frameworks (ball and stick structure) with ultrahigh surface areas and chemically tailorable pores, which provide selectivity to specific analyte molecules and enhance SAW sensitivity when integrated as thin films on the top surface of these devices.
Enhanced actuation of nanocrystalline diamond microelectromechanical disk resonators with AlN layers (2016)

A great potential of the use of aluminum nitride (AlN) to enhance the actuation of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) microelectromechanical system disk resonators is revealed. A disk resonator with a unimorph (AlN/NCD) structure is fabricated by depositing a c-axis oriented AlN on a capacitive NCD disk resonator. The unimorph resonator is piezoelectrically actuated with flexural whispering gallery modes with a relatively large electrode gap spacing, i.e., the spacing which is greater than 1 μm, although this is not possible for the capacitive NCD disk resonator. This result is explained by a finite element method simulation where the piezoelectric actuation turns out to be more effective than the capacitive actuation when the electrode gap spacing is &amp;gt;0.8 μm. The simulation also shows that the electrode gap spacing required for the capacitive actuation to be more effective than the piezoelectric actuation exponentially decreases when the resonator dimension is scaled down for higher frequency operations. Our study indicates that the use of AlN is promising to decrease impedance levels of NCD disk resonators especially for their higher frequency operations.
INTERNAL REFLECTION SENSOR FOR THE CONE PENETROMETER (1999)

The objective of this project is to fabricate and demonstrate an internal reflection sensor (IRS) prototype for the cone penetrometer. The IRS is a sensor that responds in real-time to almost any subsurface liquid contaminants. The IRS utilizes the variations of refractive index of different liquid contaminants as a sensing scheme. All the project objectives have been successfully met during the period of the program. A prototype IRS that can be easily integrated into a cone penetrometer was designed and fabricated in the first phase of the program. A controlled field evaluation of the IRS was also conducted during the first phase and results showed that the IRS was capable of locating NAPLs in soil. In the second phase of the program, the IRS was evaluated in the field and pushed into the ground using an actual cone penetrometer system. The IRS was evaluated at known contamination sites at the Savannah River Site and a commercial site in Jacksonville, Florida. Results of the field deployment of the IRS indicated that the sensor was able to sense the location of contaminants such as tetrachloroethylene in the subsurface.
Unsteady Separation Control on Wind Turbine Blades using Fluidic Oscillators (2010)

Fluidic oscillators are actuators that are essentially constituted of a flow vane with no moving parts. They are very effective in generating an oscillating velocity field, and because of their robustness and potential to meet most application requirements they have been thoroughly investigated in previous years. In this work fluidic oscillators have been embedded in an airfoil representative of the outboard sections of wind turbine blades, and subsequently tested at full-scale Reynolds numbers 2.0·10 6 ≤ Re ≤ 4.8·10 6 in the laminar wind tunnel at the University of Stuttgart. The effects of the unsteady actuation on the lift and drag strongly depend upon Re, the level of actuation, and the state of the airfoil surface. However, strong improvements have been obtained throughout the whole testing envelope, with relative lift increase spanning from a minimum of 10 to over 60% and substantial stall margin extension. In addition, employing fluidic oscillators strongly reduces the suction surface boundary-layer thickness and the unsteadiness of the mean flow velocity.
Verbindlichkeit durch netzinterne Sicherheitsdienste (Reaching Accountability by Security Services inside Networks) (2001)

Bei der Abwicklung von Geschäften zwischen Personen kommt es nicht nur auf die Möglichkeit zur Kommunikation an. Es sind unter Umständen die zweifelsfreie Identität der Gesprächspartner, der Ort des Geschäftsabschlusses und die Beweisbarkeit von Absprachen von Bedeutung. Bei der natürlichen, unmittelbaren Kommunikation zwischen Menschen sind beispielsweise Identität und Ort der Beteiligten offensichtlich. Die Inhalte können durch einen anwesenden Zeugen glaubhaft bestätigt werden. Diese Eigenschaften der Kommunikation gehen jedoch beim Einsatz von Telekommunikationssystemen verloren. In diesem Beitrag zeigen wir, wie bestehende Telefoniedienste durch neue Mechanismen erweitert werden können, um Aspekte der unmittelbaren Kommunikation wie Verbindlichkeit der Inhalte und des Ortes für geschäftliche Transaktionen auch bei mittelbarer Kommunikation zur Verfügung zu stellen.
Intelligent medium access for mobile ad hoc networks with busy tones and power control (2000)

In mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), one essential issue is how to increase channel utilization while avoiding the hidden-terminal and the exposed-terminal problems. Several MAC protocols, such as RTS/CTS-based and busy-tone-based schemes, have been proposed to alleviate these problems. In this paper, we explore the possibility of combining the concept of power control with the RTS/CTS-based and busy-tone-based protocols to further increase channel utilization. A sender will use an appropriate power level to transmit its packets so as to increase the possibility of channel reuse. The possibility of using discrete, instead of continuous, power levels is also discussed. Through analyses and simulations, we demonstrate the advantage of our new MAC protocol. This, together with the extra benefits such as saving battery energy and reducing cochannel interference, does show a promising direction to enhance the performance of MANETs.
Characterization of an abundant Schistosoma mansoni transcript with no homologs in the databases (1998)

Schistosoma mansoni -expressed sequence tags -database searches -reverse transcribed-polymerase chain reaction
One‐step synthesis of block copolymers using a hydroxyl‐functionalized trithiocarbonate RAFT agent as a dual initiator for RAFT polymerization and ROP (2012)

Abstract A range of well‐defined block copolymers were synthesized using 4‐cyano‐4‐(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanylpentanol (CDP) as a dual initiator for reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) in a one‐step process. Styrene, (meth)acrylate, and acrylamide monomers were polymerized in a controlled manner for one block composed of vinyl monomers, and δ‐valerolactone (VL), ε‐caprolactone (CL), trimethylene carbonate (TMC), and L ‐lactide (LA) were used for the other block composed of cyclic monomers. Diphenyl phosphate was used as a catalyst for the ROP of VL, CL, and TMC, and 4‐dimethyamino pyridine for the ROP of LA. These catalysts did not interfere with RAFT polymerization and the synthesis of various block copolymers proceeded in a controlled manner. CDP was found to be a very useful dual initiator for a one‐step synthesis of various block copolymers by a combination of RAFT polymerization and ROP. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
54.4: Novel Transparent Emissive Display on Optic‐Clear Phosphor Screen (2013)

Abstract A novel emissive display screen will be introduced, which is water‐clear with a haze level under 1%. It can be readily applied to glass windows and windshield without hiding the substrate, and convert the cover area to full‐color, fully transparent digital display with unlimited viewing angles.
Decay of Turbulence in a Duct With Transverse Magnetic Field (2019)

Abstract Decay of honeycomb-generated turbulence in a duct with a static transverse magnetic field is studied via high-resolution direct numerical simulations. The simulations follow the revealing experimental study [1], in particular the paradoxical observation of high-amplitude velocity fluctuations, which exist in the downstream portion of the flow when the strong transverse magnetic field is imposed in the entire duct including the honeycomb exit, but not in other configurations. It is shown that the fluctuations are caused by the large-scale quasi-two-dimensional structures forming in the flow at the initial stages of the decay and surviving the magnetic suppression. Statistical turbulence properties, such as the energy decay curves, two-point correlations and typical length scales are computed. The study demonstrates that turbulence decay in the presence of a magnetic field is a complex phenomenon critically depending on the state of the flow at the moment the field is introduced.
Corrigendum: Simple Methodology for Heck Arylation at C‐8 of Adenine Nucleosides (2011)

For the full paper by Pallavi Lagisetty, Li Zhang and Mahesh K. Lakshman, in Issue 4, 2008, pp 602–608 (DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200700418), the Supporting Information has been corrected to rectify errors in the HR‐MS analysis, such as the technique used for obtaining the data.
Chemoprevention of Skin Cancer: Effect of Lawsonia inermis L. (Henna) Leaf Powder and its Pigment Artifact, Lawsone in the Epstein- Barr Virus Early Antigen Activation Assay and in Two-Stage Mouse Skin Carcinogenesis Models (2013)

In continuation of our studies with chemoprevention potential of plant-derived naphthoquinone derivatives, leaf powder of the medicinal plant Lawsonia inermis L, commonly known as 'henna', was evaluated by its inhibition of the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in Raji cells. Lawsone (2-hydroxy- 1,4-naphthoquinone), the reddish orange pigment artifact formed during the extraction or preparation of the dye from henna leaves and believed to be the active component, was also assessed in this in vitro assay. Both showed a profound inhibition (>88%) of EBV-EA activation. In the in vivo two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis study using UV-B radiation for initiation and TPA for tumor promotion, oral feeding of henna (0.0025%) in drinking water ad libitum decreased tumor incidence by 66% and multiplicity by 40% when compared to the positive control at 10 weeks of treatment. Similarly, in the above mouse model, orally fed lawsone (0.0025%) decreased tumor incidence by 72% and multiplicity by 50%. The tumor inhibitory trend continued throughout the 20-week test period. Similar antitumor activities were observed when henna (0.5 mg/ml) was applied topically on the back skin in the UV-B initiated, TPA promoted and peroxynitrite initiated, TPA promoted mouse skin carcinogenesis models. Topically applied lawsone (0.015 mg/ml) also exhibited similar protection against tumor formation in the 7,12-dimtehylbenz(a)anthracene induced and TPA promoted skin cancer in mice. Also, there was a delay of 1 to 2 weeks in tumor appearance in both henna and lawsone treated groups compared to control in all three test models. This study ascertains the skin cancer chemopreventive activity of henna leaf powder and lawsone when administered by either oral (through drinking water) or topical (by application on the back skin) routes. Further, it emphasizes the need for the evaluation of these henna-derived green chemopreventive candidates in combination with currently used sunscreen agents for complementary anticancer potential against UV-induced skin carcinogenesis.
Clinical MRI morphological analysis of functional seizures compared to seizure-naïve and psychiatric controls (2022)

These results reinforce prior indications of structural neuroimaging correlates of FS and, in particular, distinguish brain morphology in FS from that in depression, anxiety, and OCD. Future work may entail comparisons with other psychiatric disorders including bipolar and schizophrenia, as well as exploration of brain structural heterogeneity within FS.
Intelligent Decision Forest Models for Customer Churn Prediction (2022)

Customer churn is a critical issue impacting enterprises and organizations, particularly in the emerging and highly competitive telecommunications industry. It is important to researchers and industry analysts interested in projecting customer behavior to separate churn from non-churn consumers. The fundamental incentive is a firm’s intent desire to keep current consumers, along with the exorbitant expense of gaining new ones. Many solutions have been developed to address customer churn prediction (CCP), such as rule-based and machine learning (ML) solutions. However, the issue of scalability and robustness of rule-based customer churn solutions is a critical drawback, while the imbalanced nature of churn datasets has a detrimental impact on the prediction efficacy of conventional ML techniques in CCP. As a result, in this study, we developed intelligent decision forest (DF) models for CCP in telecommunication. Specifically, we investigated the prediction performances of the logistic model tree (LMT), random forest (RF), and Functional Trees (FT) as DF models and enhanced DF (LMT, RF, and FT) models based on weighted soft voting and weighted stacking methods. Extensive experimentation was performed to ascertain the efficacy of the suggested DF models utilizing publicly accessible benchmark telecom CCP datasets. The suggested DF models efficiently distinguish churn from non-churn consumers in the presence of the class imbalance problem. In addition, when compared to baseline and existing ML-based CCP methods, comparative findings showed that the proposed DF models provided superior prediction performances and optimal solutions for CCP in the telecom industry. Hence, the development and deployment of DF-based models for CCP and applicable ML tasks are recommended.
ChemInform Abstract: Inductivity and Bridging in Ammonium and Carbenium Ions. (1988)

Abstract While the Hammett ρ values of the amines (I)‐(III) (from pKa's of the HClO 4 salts) are nearly constant (1.03 ± 0.02) and therefore independent of direction and structure of the substituted ammonium ions, the ρ values of the corresponding carbon analogues such as (IV) and (V) (from kinetic data of the solvolysis of the tosylates) vary from ‐0.72 (V) to ‐2.00 (IVa).
Hypocomplementaemia caused by C3 nephritic factors (C3 NeF): clinical findings and the coincidence of C3 NeF type II with anti‐C1q autoantibodies (1997)

The study group was probably fairly representative of C3 deficiency syndromes as encountered in clinical practice. The findings emphasize the heterogeneity of C3 NeF, and that acquired C3 deficiency syndromes caused by C3 NeF should perhaps be considered more often in diagnostic work.
A gene encoding a putative tyrosine phosphatase suppresses lethality of an N-end rule-dependent mutant. (1992)

The N-end rule relates the in vivo half-life of a protein to the identity of its N-terminal residue. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutational inactivation of the N-end rule pathway is neither lethal nor phenotypically conspicuous. We have used a "synthetic lethal" screen to isolate a mutant that requires the N-end rule pathway for viability. An extragenic suppressor of this mutation was cloned and found to encode a 750-residue protein with strong sequence similarities to protein phosphotyrosine phosphatases. This heat-inducible gene was named PTP2. Null ptp2 mutants grow slowly, are hypersensitive to heat, and are viable in either the presence or absence of the N-end rule pathway. We discuss possible connections between dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosine in proteins and the N-end rule pathway of protein degradation.