gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using Experimental Methods to Investigate Discriminatory Tendencies: A Lesson Report (2013)

Using dictator games in experimental analysis, this lesson report demonstrates the process and results of a postgraduate class project in which university students were instructed to scientifically investigate and explore one of German society’s most hotly-contested issues: the level of discriminatory tendencies of non-Muslims towards Muslims. The results of this class project show little or no discriminatory tendencies toward Muslims. Instead, the university students under our investigation tended to act favorably, or at the very least, fairly toward Muslims. We expect that this lesson report can demonstrate how a postgraduate course can be conducted in an innovative way, empowering students to collect primary data and finishing a small scientific project during the span of a semester. Dieser Bericht stellt die Prozesse und Ergebnisse einer experimentellen Studie eines Postgraduierten-Kurses der Universität Greifswald dar. Wir zeigen, wie Studierende das Thema Migration innovativ untersuchen können, indem sie neben theoretischen Lerninhalten an experimentelle Methoden sowie die Primärforschung herangeführt werden. Anhand eines Diktatorspiels wurden die teilnehmenden Studenten angeleitet, ein in der Öffentlichkeit kontrovers debattiertes Thema wissenschaftlich zu untersuchen: Diskriminierende Tendenzen von Nicht-Muslimen gegenüber Muslimen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie lassen jedoch nicht auf diskriminierende Tendenzen der Studenten schließen. Stattdessen deuten sie darauf hin, dass sich die Studierenden zumindest fair gegenüber Muslimen verhalten.
Accuracy and safety of online clearance monitoring based on conductivity variation (2001)

The OCM option of the haemodialysis machine provides a safe and accurate tool for continuous online monitoring of total urea clearance.
Is “space” a concept? Kant, Durkheim, and French Neo‐Kantianism (1996)

According to Kant, all humans share a basic form of spatial representation—space is an “a priori intuition.” Durkheim felt that Kant's a priori stance blocked the kind of empirical inquiry that would show human spatial representation to be, on the contrary, quite diverse. Durkheim's claim raises the issues in intellectual history and philosophy addressed in this paper. First, the paper traces Durkheim's reading of Kant through the nineteenth-century French neo-Kantians Renouvier and Hamelin. Second, it argues that Kant's and Durkheim's projects are not, after all, genuine competitors. The result is to reassert the sharp distinction between epistemological and sociological approaches to spatial representation that Durkheim and others tried to collapse. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Long non-coding RNA H19 promotes corneal neovascularization by targeting microRNA-29c (2019)

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has been implicated in tumor angiogenesis. However, whether H19 regulates the progression of corneal neovascularization (CNV) is unclear. The present study aimed to determine the function of H19 in CNV and its possible molecular mechanism. Here, we found that the H19 levels were remarkably increased in vascularized corneas and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). <i>In vitro</i>, H19 up-regulation promoted proliferation, migration, tube formation and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression in HUVECs, and it was found to down-regulate microRNA-29c (miR-29c) expression. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that H19 mediated the above effects by binding directly to miR-29c. In addition, miR-29c expression was markedly reduced in vascularized corneas and its expression also decreased in bFGF-treated HUVECs <i>in vitro</i> MiR-29c targeted the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of VEGFA and decreased its expression. These data suggest that H19 can enhance CNV progression by inhibiting miR-29c, which negatively regulates VEGFA. This novel regulatory axis may serve as a potential therapeutic target for CNV.
ChemInform Abstract: Forskolin: A Convenient Degradation to 14,15‐Dinor‐8,13‐epoxy‐1α,6β,7β,9α‐tetrahydroxylabd‐12‐en‐11‐one 7‐Acetate 1,9‐Carbonate via β‐Elimination of an Aldoxime. (1986)

Abstract Forskolin (Ia) wird über (Ib) in das Aldoxim (III) umgewandelt, dessen 116 B‐Eliminierung zur im Titel genannten Verbindung (IV) führt.
Coulomb blockade oscillations at room temperature in a Si quantum wire metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor fabricated by anisotropic etching on a silicon-on-insulator substrate (1996)

We have developed a very controllable fabrication process of an extremely narrow (∼10 nm) quantum wire metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) on a separation-by-implanted-oxygen (SIMOX) substrate using anisotropic etching and selective oxidation technique. The drain current versus gate voltage characteristics show oscillations caused by Coulomb blockade even at room temperature. The oscillations split into several sharp peaks when the temperature is decreased, indicating that the channel is separated by several serial coupled quantum dots and that the quantum levels of these dots correspond to the observed fine peaks.
Enhancement of local anaesthesia action by organic acid salts (I) : possible change of excitability in nerve fibre membrane (1987)

Measurements of action potentials recorded from giant nerve fibres of the crayfish abdomen showed that by addition of an organic acid salt to a local anaesthetic solution, the onset of anaesthetic action became more rapid and the duration of action was prolonged. Similar results were also obtained in rat vagal nerves. The chemical structure of compounds having these enhancing effects was found to have, in common, a carboxyl group connected with either a benzene ring or an aliphatic hydrocarbon. Topical application of anaesthetic solutions to the skin of flexor side of the forearm in humans revealed that the duration of anaesthesia evaluated by the apparent decrease of the number of pain points was significantly prolonged by the addition of salicylate. The use of local anaesthetics combined with organic acid salts would be promising in clinical practice to enhance their action greatly.
A Development of Innovative Slip-Form System for Concrete Pylons (2014)

This study developed the innovative slip-form system for the construction of concrete pylons. The slip-up time of the slip-form is determined by estimating the compressive strength from surface wave velocity by the device attached to the slip form. GPS and tiltmeter are applied to secure the precise construction quality. The design of the slip form is verified in advance by BIM to validate its applicability through virtual assembly and construction. A slip form system is fabricated and mockup test is conducted to verify the performances of the developed techniques through the construction of a 10 m-high pylon with hollow section.
Faulty device replacement for industrial networks (2012)

In the case of failing equipment in industrial plants, the replacement time and effort must be kept at a minimum to increase the overall system availability. A well-designed Faulty Device Replacement (FDR) concept is therefore a central issue to the effective operation of industrial plants. Network enabled devices supporting FDR with minimum subsequent manual device configuration after replacement form a key requirement to improve repairability. To achieve this, several FDR techniques have been proposed and implemented by different vendors and organizations. In this work, a performance model for the time to repair and a taxonomy for existing FDR methods is provided. This can be used as a basis for comparative performance measurements to derive the most suitable method during the planning phase of an industrial network.
Increased risk of lymphoid malignancy in patients with herpes zoster: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national cohort (2019)

Herpes zoster is associated with lymphoid neoplasm development in the Korean population irrespective of age and sex. The risks of Hodgkin's disease and plasma cell neoplasms are significantly elevated in patients with herpes zoster.
Edge system for providing blind-spot information using multi-LIDAR network (2023)

This paper proposes an edge system that extracts blind spots from any viewpoint of vehicles. This process happens anywhere in the field, from spatial data acquired using a multi-LIDAR network, and provides the blind-spot information to micro-mobility vehicles. The proposed system converts the acquired spatial data into voxels and determines blind spots from every voxel in the space. This paper shows the prototype of the proposed system and the verification that the proposed system successfully extracts blind spots from any viewpoint in the field.
GNSS Precise Kinematic Positioning for Multiple Kinematic Stations Based on A Priori Distance Constraints (2016)

When applying the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for precise kinematic positioning in airborne and shipborne gravimetry, multiple GNSS receiving equipment is often fixed mounted on the kinematic platform carrying the gravimetry instrumentation. Thus, the distances among these GNSS antennas are known and invariant. This information can be used to improve the accuracy and reliability of the state estimates. For this purpose, the known distances between the antennas are applied as a priori constraints within the state parameters adjustment. These constraints are introduced in such a way that their accuracy is taken into account. To test this approach, GNSS data of a Baltic Sea shipborne gravimetric campaign have been used. The results of our study show that an application of distance constraints improves the accuracy of the GNSS kinematic positioning, for example, by about 4 mm for the radial component.
On-line sample clean-up and chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to characterize the primary sequence and disulfide bond content of recombinant calcium binding proteins (1999)

We have used on-line sample clean-up, concentration, and chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), to characterize and determine the presence of disulfide bonds in recombinant full-length rat brain calbindin D28K and two deletion mutants of the protein, one lacking EF-hand 2 (calbindin delta 2) and the other lacking EF-hands 2 and 6 (calbindin delta 2,6). The molecular weights of the expressed proteins dissolved in biological buffers were determined with high accuracy using a low-flow, pressurized chamber infusion system, that allows on-line protein clean-up by removing buffers/salts incompatible with ESI-MS. The molecular weight determinations showed that the amino-terminal methionine residues had been cleaved during the expression and isolation of the recombinant proteins. Approximately 85-90% of the protein sequences were confirmed by on-line HPLC-ESI-MS analysis of peptides generated by a lysyl endoproteinase C digestion. Comparisons of ESI-MS spectra of native and reduced calbindin D28K and delta 2 show that the full length- and delta 2 mutant-protein contain one disulfide bond. Molecular mass determinations of calbindin delta 2,6 showed that this protein contains a highly active cysteine residue that covalently binds a mercaptoethanol group, or forms a homodimer via a disulfide bond. The results show surprising differences amongst the deletion mutants of calbindin D28K with respect to the formation of disulfide bonds. These differences are not readily detected by other techniques and show that ESI-MS is a powerful, rapid method by which to detect disulfide linkages for intact proteins.
An Indexing Network Model for Information Services and Its Applications (2013)

Along with the enormous amount of information service resources on the Internet, it is increasingly necessary to consider the urgent problems it has brought, such as diversity, heterogeneity, disorder, and redundancy. Existing service technologies like P2P, grid computing, Web service, and cloud computing, mainly focus on a certain type of service resources, and they do not provide a basic model that can organize and manage various types of service resources existing on the current Internet. Therefore, to achieve better organization and management of service resources, thereby providing more valuable information services for Internet users, this paper introduces an indexing network model and five related normal forms to advance the field. As a basic model, indexing network organizes and manages various information service resources through analyzing the relationships among them. On this basis, applying the model to web page resources, we show two case studies. They are implemented using cloud distributed systems (Hadoop + Habse + Zookeeper) built on Sugon-Tongji cloud platform located at Tongji University. 70 million web pages are crawled and two indexing networks are constructed. Through analysis of service applications provided by them, we show the advantages of the proposed indexing network model to organize web pages and keywords, which can provide and support more knowledgeable and valuable search related services, thereby better meeting the complex and diverse needs of Internet users.
Metal insertion into the Mn–Mn bond of Mn2(CO)10 (1968)

J. M. Burlitch, Chem. Commun. (London), 1968, 887 DOI: 10.1039/C19680000887
Electron-transfer catalysis of substitution (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron-transfer catalysis of substitutionDaniel A. Geselowitz and Henry TaubeCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1981, 20, 11, 4036Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50225a100https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50225a100research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A direct drive generator for marine current energy conversion - first experimental results (2007)

The focus of this thesis is research on the performance of very low speed direct drive permanent magnet generators for energy conversion from marine and tidal currents. Various aspects involved in the design of these generators and their electromagnetic modelling using the finite element simulations are presented. For a detailed study, a 5 kW prototype generator has been designed and constructed based on finite element based simulations. Several experiments were conducted on the prototype generator. The experimental results were compared with the corresponding case simulations on the designed generator. The differences between the results predicted by the simulations and those predicted by the measurements were less than 10%. The part and overload performance of the generator has been investigated and it is found from both simulations and measurements that the generator is capable to efficiently operate at varying speeds. The tests on the experimental generator were made for speeds between 2 and 16 rpm and for load variations of 0.5 to 2 per unit. In this thesis it is shown that it is possible to design a very low speed direct drive generator for more or less any given marine current site and this is beneficial for projects aiming to develop a technical and economical viable marine current energy conversion system.
JAXA-GCF project - high-quality crystals grown in space for structural biology (2005)

The x-ray diffraction experiments were performed on LiNbO 3 (LN) and Sr x Ba 1-x Nb 2 O 6 (SBN) crystals grown by modified Stepanov technique in bulk-profiled configuration using dies of capillary type with different cross-sections. The lattice defects were visualized by x-ray topography. The experiments show the presence in LN samples mosaic blocks drawn out along pulling direction with sizes 5-20 mm in this direction and 0.3-2.0 mm in perpendicular to growth axis. Adjacent blocks were also misoriented with respect to each other with average angles of 6 arc min. Structure distortions for c-cut of bulk-profiled LN have a character of concentric rings, those form and sizes match to the die construction. The picture of structural imperfections depends on growth conditions forming of crystal-melt interface. For profiled LN grown in high temperature gradients the phase interface was inhomogeneous: flat over die plates, concave to the capillaries. The position of rocking curve maximum depends on xray incident angle and displaces together linear scanning along LN sample surface. It indicates the presence of crystallographic plane bend of 0.6+-0.1 degree. Low thermal conductivity of SBN crystals leads to formation of convex to the crystal crystallization front what allows to eliminate such lattice defects as small angle grain boundaries and as a result to obtain crystals of high optical quality. Atomic structure of SBN (x=0.33; 0.61;0.75) was investigated. Peculiarities of distribution of Sr and Ba ions as well as Ce, Tm doping ions in lattice channels are determined.
Mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel. Immunochemical and immunohistochemical characterization in rat brain. (1993)

The purified mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor (mBzR) is a complex comprising the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), adenine nucleotide carrier, and an 18-kDa protein that binds isoquinoline carboxamide ligands (McEnery, M. W., Snowman, A. M., Trifiletti, R. R., and Snyder, S. H. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89, 3170-3174). An antiserum raised against the mBzR complex reacts selectively with VDAC and is used, along with purification, electrophysiological and immunohistochemical techniques, to characterize the properties and distribution of rat brain VDAC. Although purified VDAC displays biochemical and electrical conductance properties similar to VDAC from other sources, the immunohistochemical distribution of VDAC in rat brain is heterogeneous with pronounced regional variations; the pontine nuclei, the supraoptic nucleus, Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, and the caudate putamen evidence the highest density. The distribution of VDAC is inclusive of the more discretely localized 18-kDa mBzR protein, suggesting that only a portion of the total VDAC participates in the mBzR. The histochemical localizations of the mitochondrial marker enzymes glutamate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase also indicate marked regional variability in both mitochondrial content and composition. The discrete expression of VDAC reflects a striking heterogeneity of rat brain mitochondria and underlying differences in the utilization of mitochondrial outer membrane ion channels.
Domination Subdivision Numbers (2001)

A set S of vertices of a graph G = (V, E) is a dominating set if every vertex in V - S is adjacent to some vertex in 3. The domination number γ(G) is the minimum cardinality of a dominating set of G, and the domination subdivision number sdγ(G) is the minimum number of edges that must be subdivided (each edge in G can be subdivided at most once) in order to increase the domination number. In June 2000, Arumugam conjectured that 1 ≤ sdγ(G) ≤ 3 for any graph G. However, a counterexample to this conjecture given in [6] suggests the modified conjecture that 1 ≤ sdγ(G) ≤ 4 for any graph G. It is also conjectured in [6] that for every graph G with minimum degree δ(G) ≥ 2, sdγ(G) ≤ δ(G) + 1. In this paper we extend several previous results and consider evidence in support of these two conjectures.
Alveolar Macrophage Graded Hemosiderin Score from Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Horses with Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage and Controls (2002)

The objective of this study was to determine if a quantitative scoring system for evaluation of hemosiderin content of alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalevolar lavage provides a more sensitive test for the detection of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) in horses than does endoscopy of the lower airways. A sample population composed of 74 Standardbred racehorses aged 2-5 years was used. Horses were grouped as either control (EIPH-negative) or EIPH-positive based on history and repeated postexertional endoscopic evaluation of the bronchial airways. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed and cytocentrifuge slides were stained with Perl's Prussian blue. Alveolar macrophages were scored for hemosiderin content by a method described by Golde and associates to obtain the total hemosiderin score (THS). Test performance criteria were determined with a contingency table. All subjects had some degree of hemosiderin in the alveolar macrophages, regardless of group. The distribution of cells among the different grades followed a significantly different pattern for the control group versus horses with EIPH (P < .05). When using a THS of 75 as a cutoff point, the THS test was found to have a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 88%. The level of agreement beyond chance, between the EIPH status and the THS test result was very good (Cohen's kappa = 74%). The conclusion was made that careful assessment and scoring of alveolar macrophages for hemosiderin by means of the Golde scoring system shows promise as a more sensitive approach than repeated postexertional endoscopy alone to detect EIPH.
Deciphering bifidobacterial-mediated metabolic interactions and their impact on gut microbiota by a multi-omics approach (2016)

The intricacies of cooperation and competition between microorganisms are poorly investigated for particular components of the gut microbiota. In order to obtain insights into the manner by which different bifidobacterial species coexist in the mammalian gut, we investigated possible interactions between four human gut commensals, Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010, Bifidobacterium adolescentis 22L, Bifidobacterium breve 12L and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC15697, in the intestine of conventional mice. The generated information revealed various ecological/metabolic strategies, including glycan-harvesting, glycan-breakdown and cross-feeding behavior, adopted by bifidobacteria in the highly competitive environment of the mammalian intestine. Introduction of two or multiple bifidobacterial strains caused a clear shift in the microbiota composition of the murine cecum. Whole-genome transcription profiling coupled with metagenomic analyses of single, dual or multiple associations of bifidobacterial strains revealed an expansion of the murine gut glycobiome toward enzymatic degradation of plant-derived carbohydrates, such as xylan, arabinoxylan, starch and host-derived glycan substrates. Furthermore, these bifidobacterial communities evoked major changes in the metabolomic profile of the microbiota as observed by shifts in short chain fatty acid production and carbohydrate availability in the murine cecum. Overall, these data support an ecological role of bifidobacteria acting directly or through cross-feeding activities in shaping the gut murine microbiome to instigate an enrichment of saccharolytic microbiota.