gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metal-oxide-semiconductor instability produced by electron-beam evaporation of Aluminum gates (1978)

The production of defect states in the oxide of MOS capacitors during the electron-beam metallization process was identified as the cause of the threshold voltage instability experienced at elevated temperatures with negative bias on the gate. Both n- and p-type silicon substrates, (100) and (111) oriented, with resistivities ranges from 0.5- 10 Ω . cm were used. The oxides were thermally grown in dry oxygen ambient with 0.3-percent HCI. During the thermal negative bias condition, trapped holes in the oxide were found close to the Si-Si0 <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> interface.
Two-dimensional time-resolved imaging with 100-ps resolution using a resistive anode photomultiplier tube (1992)

A two-dimensional microchannel plate photomultiplier with a position sensitive resistive anode has been integrated with time-correlated single photon counting circuitry. The result is a very powerful spectroscopic system which combines the very low dark count and parallel collection capabilities of the imaging tube with simultaneous timing information about the individual photon events. The digital x,y and timing information for each photon event is directly stored onto a hard-disk in real time. When the detector is placed at the output of a spectrometer, the system provides software-controllable arbitrary time windowing of complete spectra. When used as an image recorder, the system provides software-controllable time windowing of entire two-dimensional images, with ∼100-ps effective frame times.
Data from Manipulating the Tumor Microenvironment <i>Ex Vivo</i> for Enhanced Expansion of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Adoptive Cell Therapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Cultured tumor fragments from melanoma metastases have been used for years as a source of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) for adoptive cell therapy (ACT). The expansion of tumor-reactive CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells with interleukin-2 (IL2) in these early cultures is critical in generating clinically active TIL infusion products, with a population of activated 4-1BB CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells recently found to constitute the majority of tumor-specific T cells.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We used an agonistic anti–4-1BB antibody added during the initial tumor fragment cultures to provide &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; 4-1BB costimulation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We found that addition of an agonistic anti–4-1BB antibody could activate 4-1BB signaling within early cultured tumor fragments and accelerated the rate of memory CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TIL outgrowth that were highly enriched for melanoma antigen specificity. This was associated with NFκB activation and the induction of T-cell survival and memory genes, as well as enhanced IL2 responsiveness, in the CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in the fragments and emerging from the fragments. Early provision of 4-1BB costimulation also affected the dendritic cells (DC) by activating NFκB in DC and promoting their maturation inside the tumor fragments. Blocking HLA class I prevented the enhanced outgrowth of CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells with anti–4-1BB, suggesting that an ongoing HLA class I–mediated antigen presentation in early tumor fragment cultures plays a role in mediating tumor-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TIL outgrowth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our results highlight a previously unrecognized concept in TIL ACT that the tumor microenvironment can be dynamically regulated in the initial tumor fragment cultures to regulate the types of T cells expanded and their functional characteristics. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 21(3); 611–21. ©2014 AACR.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Discussion on Standard Evaluation Method for Tension Softening Properties of Concrete (1999)

In this paper, the standardization on the tension softening diagram of concrete was investigated. According to the survey of recent studies, the evaluation methods of tension softening diagram were classified into some groups and their characteristics were mentioned. From the data of experiments on the fracture test of concrete, the relationship of the predicted bilinear parameter and mechanical properties was analyzed. Especially, the problem of the CEB-FIP model code 1990 which is specifying the bilinear type tension softening curve was pointed out, and the modified simple bilinear prediction method was proposed and the efficiency of it was discussed.
[Three Resected Cases of Metachronous Pancreatic Cancer Successfully Treated with Repeated Pancreatectomy]. (2015)

Repeated pancreatectomy for metachronous pancreatic cancer has rarely been reported. We report 3 cases with metachronous pancreatic ductal carcinoma that developed after pancreatectomy for the first pancreatic cancer. They were successfully resected by removal of the remnant pancreas. In all 3 cases, the cancers in the remnant pancreas were treated with repeated pancreatectomy. The histological margin of the first pancreatic resection was cancer-free in all the cases. Furthermore, the second cancer tissue contained carcinoma lesions in situ adjacent to invasive ductal carcinoma. Based on these findings, the 3 patients were diagnosed with metachronous pancreatic cancers.
Plant-model mismatch evaluation for unconstrained MPC with state estimation (2017)

In this paper, we develop an autocovariance-based method for estimating plant-model mismatch in unconstrained linear model predictive control systems that use a Kalman filter state estimator. Assuming knowledge of the noise structure, we derive an expression for the autocovariance of the process outputs as a function of (an additive) plant-model mismatch. We then formulate the mismatch estimation problem as an optimization problem aiming to minimize the discrepancy between the theoretical autocovariance and the sample estimator of the autocovariance, obtained from closed-loop operating data collected during steady-state operation. Case studies are provided to demonstrate the performance of the approach.
Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl imido compounds of chromium (1996)

The interaction of the pentamethylcyclopentadienylchromium(III) complex [CrBr(µ-Br)(η-C5Me5)]2 with alkyl- and aryl-lithium amido compounds, LiNHR, gave products whose nature depends on the reactants and on reaction conditions. For the aryl (R) 2,6-Pri2C6H3 both [(η-C5Me5)Cr(µ-NR)(µ-NHR)(µ-Br)Cr(η-C5Me5)]1 and [Cr(η-C5Me5)(µ-NR)]22 were obtained, whereas LiNH(C6H11) gave [CrBr(η-C5Me5)(µ-NC6H11)]25. Use of R = 2,4,6-But3C6H2 gave [Cr(η-C5Me5)(µ-NR)]23. The unisolable chromium(III) intermediate can be trapped by interaction of [CrBr2(η-C5Me5)]2 and LiNHR (R = 2,6-Pri2C6H3) in the presence of diphenylacetylene to give Cr(η-C5Me5)(NR)(PhC≡CPh)6. A comparable reaction but using LiNHBut gave only the dimer (η-C5Me5)BrCr(µ-NHBut)2Cr(NBut)(NHBut)7. Trapping by various other ligands failed but the interaction in the presence of 2,6-xylyl isocyanide gave a chromium(III) chelate 8 of a quinoline diamide where an isopropyl group has been removed from the original C6H3Pr2i moiety. The crystal structures of 1–7 and 8 have been determined. The triply bridged complex 1, which has a confacial bitetrahedral structure (assuming C5Me5 takes one co-ordination site) has a CrIII⋯ CrIII distance of 2.649(5)Å(average over two molecules), whilst the doubly bridged (CrIII)2 complexes 2 and 3, each of which is centrosymmetric, have CrIII⋯ CrIII distances of 2.591(1) and 2.564(1)Å. In compound 5, also showing centrosymmetric bis(imido) bridging, the CrIV⋯ CrIV distance is 2.974(5)Å. In 6 the acetylene is symmetrically bihapto and the imido function bonds in a linear manner. Compound 7 has dissimilar chromium atoms, formally assigned as CrIII, CrIV, with bridging amido functions. The Cr ⋯ Cr distance is 2.936(2)Å.
Isoquinoline Synthesis via Rhodium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cross-Coupling/Cyclization of Aryl Aldimines and Alkynes (2009)

A general rhodium-catalyzed oxidative coupling reaction between internal alkynes and aryl aldimines is described. This process affords 3,4-disubstituted isoquinolines in good yield and high regioselectivity. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the C-N bond formation arises from the reductive elimination of a rhodium(III) species.
Inferring social relationships from technology-level device connections (2014)

Technology is present in every area of our lives and, for many, life without it has become unthinkable. As a consequence of this dependence and the extent to which technology devices (computers, tablets and smartphones) are being used for work and social activities, a clear coupling between devices and their owners can now be observed. By coupling, we specifically refer to the fact that information present on a person's device, be it user-generated or created by the native OS, can produce great insight into their life. In this paper, we look to exploit this coupling to investigate whether connections between technology devices recorded in system log-files, can be used to make inferences about the social relationships between device owners. A key motivation here is to better understand and elucidate the privacy risks associated with the digital footprints that we as humans (often inadvertently) create. Our work draws upon Social Network Analysis and basic Computer Forensics to develop and achieve the inference goals. From our preliminary experimentation, we demonstrate that human social relationships can indeed be inferred even within our limited initial scope. To further investigate the level of privacy exposure from technology-level links, we outline a more comprehensive plan of experimentation that will be conducted in future work.
Compressed Sensing using Chaos Filters (2008)

Compressed sensing, viewed as a type of random undersampling, considers the acquisition and reconstruction of sparse or compressible signals at a rate significantly lower than that of Nyquist. Exact reconstruction from incompletely acquired random measurements is, under certain constraints, achievable with high probability. However, randomness may not always be desirable in certain applications. Taking a nonrandom approach using deterministic chaos and following closely a recently proposed novel efficient structure of chaos filters, we propose a chaos filter structure by exploring the use of chaotic deterministic processes in designing the filter taps. By numerical performance, we show that, chaos filters generated by the logistic map, while being possible to exactly reconstruct original time-sparse signals from their incompletely acquired measurements, outperforms random filters.
Modeling Altruistic and Aggressive Driver Behavior in a No-Notice Evacuation (2007)

This study examines the impact of altruistic and aggressive driver behavior on the effectiveness of an evacuation for a section of downtown Atlanta. The study area includes 37 signalized intersections, seven ramps, and 48 parking lots that vary by size, type (lot versus garage), peak volume, and number of ingress and egress points. A detailed microscopic model of the study area was created in VISSIM. Different scenarios examined the impacts of driver behavior on parking lot discharge rates and the loading rates from side streets on primary evacuation routes. A new methodology was created to accurately represent parking lot discharge rates. This study is also unique in that it assumes a worst case scenario that occurs with no advance notice during the morning peak period, when vehicles must transition from inbound to outbound routes. Simulation results indicate that while overall network clearance times are similar across scenarios, the distribution of delay on individual routes and across parking lots differ markedly. More equitable solutions (defined as the allocation of delay from parking lots and side streets to main evacuation routes) were observed with altruistic driver behavior.
Short Chain Fatty Acids Prevent High-fat-diet-induced Obesity in Mice by Regulating G Protein-coupled Receptors and Gut Microbiota (2016)

Elucidating the mechanisms by which short chain fatty acids (SCFA) reduce body weight may assist in the development of an effective weight control strategy. Dietary supplementation of acetate, propionate, butyrate or their admixture was shown to significantly inhibit the body weight gain induced by high-fat diet feeding. Supplementation of SCFAs caused significant changes in the expressions of G-protein coupled receptor 43 (GPR43) and GPR41 characterized by increases in the adipose tissue and reductions in the colon. Additionally, they influenced the bacterial community structure in feces, with a reduction in the proportion of Firmicutes and an increase in the proportion of Bacteroidetes. The effects of dietary SCFAs on the GPR expression and gut microbiota composition may further result in body weight reduction by enhancing triglyceride hydrolysis and FFA oxidation in the adipose tissue, promoting beige adipogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis, and inhibiting chronic inflammation.
Two year clinical study of a soft acrylic intraocular lens (1996)

Soft acrylic IOLs have clinically apparent advantages in small incision cataract surgery.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Methods for the Synthesis of Irbesartan, an Antihypertensive Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Biomass of large protists from the Infrakingdom Rhizaria in the global ocean (2016)

Biard, Tristan; Stemmann, Lars; Picheral, Marc; Mayot, Nicolas; Vandromme, Pieter; Hauss, Helena; Gorsky, G; Guidi, Lionel; Kiko, Rainer; Not, Fabrice; Pesant, Stephane (2016): Biomass of large protists from the Infrakingdom Rhizaria in the global ocean [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.858156, In supplement to: Biard, Tristan; Stemmann, Lars; Picheral, Marc; Mayot, Nicolas; Vandromme, Pieter; Hauss, Helena; Gorsky, G; Guidi, Lionel; Kiko, Rainer; Not, Fabrice (2016): In situ imaging reveals the biomass of giant protists in the global ocean. Nature, 532(7600), 504-507, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature17652
Fiber-optic absorption temperature sensor using fluorescence reference channel (1986)

In this work a fiber-optic thermometer is demonstrated, using the change in absorption characteristics of a doped glass plate as the principle of operation of the transducer. A novel reference channel, generated at the sensor element itself is used, based on the fluorescence induced in a piece of neodymium/glass. Operation from −60 to 200 °C is reported and the potential for higher temperature operation is discussed.
ALD deposited amorphous alumina coatings can slow glass alteration (2022)

Atomic layer deposited (ALD) amorphous aluminium oxide and titanium oxide coatings have been investigated for use in reducing the rate of silicate glass alteration. Mass spectrometric analysis of leachate from elevated temperature aqueous immersion alteration experiments showed a marked decrease in the concentration of released Na and Si from the glass when the vitrified material was ALD coated as compared to uncoated glass. This decrease is consistent with the proposed protective effect of the ALD coating. Additionally, visual observations indicate formation of significant amounts of amorphous, secondary phase sediment for immersed, uncoated glass. This sediment was not present in the solution of the ALD coated and altered glass samples. However, the ALD coating did delaminate after protracted immersion, a likely limiting factor of the efficacy of ALD coatings. This limitation may be mitigated through a proposed refinement of the ALD coating procedure.
Influence of soluble oligomeric aluminum on precipitation in the Al–KOH–H2O system (2020)

The role of oligomeric aluminate species in the precipitation of aluminum (Al) phases such as gibbsite (α-Al(OH)<sub>3</sub>) from aqueous hydroxide solutions remains unclear and difficult to probe directly, despite its importance for developing accurate predictions of Al solubility in highly alkaline systems. Precipitation in this system entails a transition from predominantly tetrahedrally coordinated aluminate (Al(OH)<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>) species in solution to octahedrally coordinated Al in gibbsite. Here we report a quantitative study of dissolved Al in the Al-KOH-H<sub>2</sub>O system using a combination of molecular spectroscopies. We establish a relationship between changes in <sup>27</sup>Al NMR chemical shifts and the relative intensity of Raman vibrational bands, indicative of variations in the ensemble speciation of Al in solution, and the formation of unique contact ion pair interactions with the aluminate dimer, Al<sub>2</sub>O(OH)<sub>6</sub><sup>2-</sup>. A strong correlation between the extent of Al oligomerization and the amount of solvated Al was demonstrated by systematically varying the KOH : Al molar ratio. The concentration of dissolved oligomeric Al in solution also directly impacted the particle size and morphology of the precipitated gibbsite. High concentrations of dimeric Al<sub>2</sub>O(OH)<sub>6</sub><sup>2-</sup> yielded smaller and more numerous anhedral to subhedral gibbsite particles, while low concentrations yielded fewer and larger euhedral gibbsite platelets. The collective observations suggest a key role for the Al<sub>2</sub>O(OH)<sub>6</sub><sup>2-</sup> dimer in promoting gibbsite precipitation from solution, with the potassium ion-paired dimer catalyzing a more rapid transformation of Al from tetrahedral coordination in solution to octahedral coordination in gibbsite.
Relationships among gas exchange, spirometry and symptoms in asthma. (1992)

We conclude that even at the individual level, symptoms, spirometry and VA/Q inequality are so poorly correlated that one cannot evaluate any of these aspects of asthma without measuring each. The data support the notion that spirometric and gas exchange abnormalities in asthma are caused by different pathophysiologic events.
Factors Affecting Utilization of Mountain Slopes by Cattle (1966)

Many factors affect the utilization of mountain terrain by cattle and these factors are interrelated and exert their influence in a complicated manner. Actual use obtained under good management is the most accurate method of determining the utilization obtainable on a particular mountain slope.
The role of basophils and proallergic cytokines, TSLP and IL-33, in cutaneously sensitized food allergy (2014)

Cutaneous sensitization with a food antigen before its consumption elicits the development of food allergy. Here, we report the site- and stage-dependent roles of basophils and proallergic cytokines, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and IL-33, in a mouse model of food allergy initially sensitized cutaneously with the food antigen. Mice were epicutaneously sensitized with the food antigen ovalbumin (OVA) followed by oral challenge with OVA. Epicutaneously sensitized mice produced OVA-specific IgE and developed IgE-dependent anaphylaxis after oral challenge. Basophil-depleted or TSLP-receptor-deficient mice did not produce OVA-specific IgE and were protected from oral challenge-induced anaphylaxis. IL-33-deficient mice produced normal levels of OVA-specific IgE. However, IL-33-deficient mice and mice treated with recombinant soluble IL-33 receptor were protected from anaphylaxis. Thus, basophils and TSLP have pivotal roles in Th2 development in the skin during the sensitization phase of food allergy. In contrast, while IL-33 is dispensable for promoting cutaneous antigen sensitization, the cytokine is essential for inducing IgE-dependent anaphylaxis in the gut.
Overexpression of stress‐inducible OsBURP16, the β subunit of polygalacturonase 1, decreases pectin content and cell adhesion and increases abiotic stress sensitivity in rice (2013)

Polygalacturonase (PG), one of the hydrolases responsible for cell wall pectin degradation, is involved in organ consenescence and biotic stress in plants. PG1 is composed of a catalytic subunit, PG2, and a non-catalytic PG1β subunit. OsBURP16 belongs to the PG1β-like subfamily of BURP-family genes and encodes one putative PG1β subunit precursor in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Transcription of OsBURP16 is induced by cold, salinity and drought stresses, as well as by abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Analysis of plant survival rates, relative ion leakage rates, accumulation levels of H2 O2 and water loss rates of leaves showed that overexpression of OsBURP16 enhanced sensitivity to cold, salinity and drought stresses compared with controls. Young leaves of Ubi::OsBURP16 transgenic plants showed reduced cell adhesion and increased cuticular transpiration rate. Mechanical strength measurement of Ubi::OsBURP16 plants showed that reduced force was required to break leaves as compared with wild type. Transgenic rice showed enhanced PG activity and reduced pectin content. All these results suggested that overexpression of OsBURP16 caused pectin degradation and affected cell wall integrity as well as transpiration rate, which decreased tolerance to abiotic stresses.
Automatic Topology Completion of TOSCA-based Cloud Applications. (2014)

Automation of application provisioning is one of the key aspects of Cloud Computing. Standards such as the Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA) provide a means to model application topologies which can be provisioned fully automatically. Many automated provisioning engines require that these topologies are complete in the sense of specifying all application, platform, and infrastructure components. However, modeling complete models is a complex, timeconsuming, and error-prone task that typically requires a lot of technical expertise. In this paper, we present an approach that enables users to model incomplete TOSCA application topologies that are completed automatically to deployable, complete models. This enables users to focus on the business-relevant application components and simplifies the creation process tremendously by minimizing the required effort and know-how. We prove the technical feasibility of the presented approach by a prototypical implementation based on the open source modeling tool Winery. In addition, we evaluate the approach by standards-compliance and performance.
Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Heart Transplant Patient with Chronic Chagas Disease (2020)

Chagas disease is emerging in countries to which it is not endemic. Biomarkers for earlier therapeutic response assessment in patients with chronic Chagas disease are needed. We profiled plasma-derived extracellular vesicles from a heart transplant patient with chronic Chagas disease and showed the potential of this approach for discovering such biomarkers.