gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ACCELERATED TESTING OF RECYCLED ASPHALTIC CONCRETE (1987)

Uncertainty regarding the expected life cycle of recycled mixes has been the main factor preventing a more general adoption of recycling. This is particularly true when high proportions of reclaimed material are involved. In spite of the fact that recycled mixes can be produced to comply with all conventional specifications, there have been fears that the reprocessed binder may be inferior to new binder due to binder mixing efficiency, possible adverse effects resulting from the weathered nature of the reclaimed binder, and the long-term effects of recycling additives when these are used. These factors influence the life cycle of the recycled mix, by affecting the fatigue and permanent deformation characteristics, and the long-term durability. In 1982, the National Institute for Transport and Road Research (NITRR), Pretoria, South Africa, initiated an on-going research program to address the above and other unresolved issues in hot mix recycling, by way of (1) long-term monitoring of applications, (2) analysis of laboratory test results and mechanistic modelling, and (3) accelerated field testing. The behavior of pavement layers containing various proportions of reclaimed material is undergoing careful long-term monitoring throughout the country. To date their performance has not been found inferior to that of conventional layers. This paper contains a summary of the laboratory test results obtained to date. Attention is also focused on the use of the Heavy Vehicle Simulator to evaluate a recycled base layer as an integral part of a pavement structure.
A Phase I/II Study of Veliparib (ABT-888) in Combination with 5-Fluorouracil and Oxaliplatin in Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer (2020)

The combination of veliparib and FOLFOX was safe for patients with metastatic PDAC and showed promising activity particularly in patients with platinum-naïve disease that harbors a pathogenic HR-DDR mutation.
Time-multiplexing display module for high-density directional display (2008)

The new high-density directional (HDD) display using the time-multiplexing technique is proposed to reduce the complexity of the multi-projection system used for the HDD display. The HDD display is a natural three-dimensional display which has been developed to solve the visual fatigue problem caused by the accommodation-vergence conflict. The proposed HDD display consists of multiple time-multiplexing display modules. Each module consists of an LED array, a DMD, lenses, and an aperture array. A number of directional images are displayed by the DMD at a high frame rate and the LED's emit light one after another in synchronization with the DMD. The apertures are arranged twodimensionally, and their horizontal positions are different. The LED's are arranged in a same way. All directional images displayed by the DMD pass through different apertures. Multiple modules are arranged two-dimensionally with the different horizontal positions and all images are combined by a common lens. A vertical diffuser is used as a display screen to cancel the difference of the vertical display directions. All directional images are superimposed on the vertical diffuser, and are given the different horizontal display directions. Each module generates 15 directional images at a frame rate of 60 Hz. Four modules are combined to display 60 directional images in the different horizontal directions with the angle pitch of 0.31&deg;.
Blacks in the American Criminal Justice System: A Study of Sanctioned Deviance (1978)

Almost since the beginning of Black history in America there have been differences of opinion as to what the role of Blacks should be in reference to the criminal justice system. In the beginning these differences centered around the issue of cooperation or resistance to the slave system and a criminal justice system that guaranteed slavery durante vita. Now, while the issue is no longer slavery, Blacks continue the debate over cooperation versus resistance to the criminal justice system. What should the role of Blacks be in reference to the criminal justice system? Can Blacks be of greater assistance to other Blacks by working within the system? Does working within this system imply support for it? Is resistance to the system a viable alternative to Blacks? Are there realistic alternatives to the present criminal justice system? Do Blacks have a choice as to what their role is or will be in this system? The pages that follow address the very complicated issue of Black involvement in a criminal justice system that many have labeled as inimical to Black development in America.
Optical coherence tomography monitoring of angioplasty balloon inflation in a deployment tester (2010)

We present an innovative integration of an intravascular optical coherence tomography probe into a computerized balloon deployment system to monitor the balloon inflation process. The high-resolution intraluminal imaging of the balloon provides a detailed assessment of the balloon quality and, consequently, a technique to improve the balloon manufacturing process. A custom-built swept-source optical coherence tomography system is used for real-time imaging. A semicompliant balloon with a nominal diameter of 4 mm is fabricated for the experiments. Imaging results correspond to balloon deployment in air and inside an artery phantom. A characterization of the balloon diameter, wall thickness, compliance, and elastic modulus is provided, based on image segmentation. Using the images obtained from the probe pullback, a three-dimensional visualization of the inflated balloon is presented.
Effect of Epoch Length on Power Spectrum Analysis of the EEG (1987)

To study the effect of epoch length on the variability of power spectrum analysis of the EEG, 22 64-s segments of EEG were analyzed using epoch lengths of 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 s. Nine of these segments exemplified EEG changes during transient anesthetic states or surgical conditions. Epoch-to-epoch variability was computed within frequency bins for all segments, and ANOVA with hierarchal classification was used to determine the length of the EEG segment necessary to identify a statistically significant change in those EEG segments recorded during changing conditions. In 16 segments, the epoch-to-epoch variability with power spectra were computed using 2-s epochs was significantly less than the variability when power spectra were computed using longer epoch lengths. In five segments, no significant difference existed between the variance at 2-s epochs and longer (4-s) epochs. In one case, an EEG containing a burst-suppression pattern, the variability was significantly increased when 2-s epochs were used. Analysis using 2-s epochs also identified changes more rapidly than analysis using any longer epoch length in eight of nine segments, and the differences were clinically significant as well (over 30 s faster when 2-s epochs were used instead of 16-s epochs). These findings suggest the preferability of short epoch lengths when power spectrum analysis is used for intraoperative EEG monitoring.
A multiagent framework for pervasive computing: The mobeet framework (2004)

Abstract Pervasive computing is becoming a more important issue for open distributed systems. It is, however, hard to design such distributed systems when the user uses many kinds of terminals and migrates with these. This paper has proposed a new framework for pervasive computing. The framework includes three kinds of agents: User Interface Agents, Programmable Agents, and Service Mediation Agents. We can easily design a flexible distributed system by collaborating these agents. We also evaluate the framework from the flexibility point of view. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 149(3): 49–64, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10375
Targeting the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition: The Case for Differentiation-Based Therapy (2016)

Although important strides have been made in targeted therapy for certain leukemias and subtypes of breast cancer, the standard of care for most carcinomas still involves chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, or a combination of these. Two processes serve as obstacles to the successful treatment of carcinomas. First, a majority of deaths from these types of cancers occurs as a result of distant metastases and not the primary tumors themselves. Second, subsets of cells that are able to survive conventional therapy drive the aggressive relapse of the tumors, often in forms that are resistant to treatment. A frequently observed feature of malignant carcinomas is the loss of epithelial traits and the gain of certain mesenchymal ones that are programmed by the cell-biological program termed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The EMT program can confer (i) an ability to disseminate, (ii) an ability to become stem-like tumor-initiating cells, (iii) an ability to found new tumor colonies at distant anatomical sites, and (iv) an elevated resistance to therapy. These multiple powers of the EMT program explain why it has become an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Recent work has revealed the variable nature of the EMT, with multiple versions of the program being observed depending on the tissue context and the stage of tumor progression. In this review, we attempt to crystallize emerging concepts in the research on EMTand stemness and discuss the benefits of using a differentiation-based therapeutic strategy for the eradication of stem-like populations that have adopted various versions of the EMT program.
Development of material specifications and qualifications of polymeric materials for the jpl spacecraft materials guide book. iii- polyfluorocarbon films special report no. 3 (1965)

Outgassing studies of polyfluorocarbon films - investigation of polymers as spacecraft construction materials
Anisotropic effects in highly scattering media (2003)

In this paper, we study anisotropic scattering and light propagation models applicable to diffuse optical tomography. We propose a model for anisotropic scattering in the radiative transfer framework and derive the corresponding anisotropic diffusion model. To verify the anisotropic diffusion model, we consider the case of a simple anisotropic scattering model also presentable within the diffusion approximation. For numerical computations, we present a three-dimensional (3D) anisotropic Monte Carlo model and 2D finite element and boundary element solutions of the anisotropic diffusion model, and compare the results of the simulations.
Poly(DL‐lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer particles. I. Preparation and characterization (1996)

In this study, poly(DL-lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PDLLA/PEG) copolymers were synthesized. First, PDLLA homopolymers with three different molecular weights (Mwn: 7,300, 12,100 and 21,900) were synthesized by the ring opening polymerization of the dimer (i.e., DL-lactide) by using stannous chloride as catalyst. Average molecular weights of PDLLAs were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). They were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These PDLLA homopolymers were then transesterified with PEG with a molecular weight range of 3,300–4,000. By changing the ratio of PEG to PDLLA, block copolymers with different chain structures were synthesized. DSC and GPC studies were performed to characterize these PDLLA/PEG copolymers. PDLLA and PDLLA/PEG particles in the size range of 2–10 μm were prepared by a modified solvent evaporation technique by using methylene chloride as solvent and methyl cellulose as emulsifier within the aqueous dispersion medium. Particle size was controlled by changing the solvent/polymer ratio, PDLLA molecular weight, and PEG content. Degradation of polymeric particles was investigated in a phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and at 37°C. Particles prepared with low-molecular-weight PDLLAs degraded much faster. Introduction of PEG within the polymeric matrix caused a pronounced increase in the degradation rate. Bulk degradation was the dominant mechanism. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Skin Cellular Retinoid-Binding Proteins and Retinoid-Responsive Dermatoses (1986)

We have previously found an important increase of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) in psoriatic plaques whereas the cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) was not elevated compared to normal human skin and nonlesional psoriatic skin. In the present study we analyzed CRABP and CRBP levels in a panel of dermatoses in order to address several questions raised by the above findings. Three observations were made: CRBP showed little or no variations whereas CRABP was either normal (seborrheic keratosis, lichenification, nonlesional psoriatic and nonlesional Darier disease skin) or elevated (psoriatic plaques, lamellar ichthyosis, lesional Darier disease, pityriasis rubra pilaris, keratosis pilaris); high levels of CRABP might indicate a greater sensitivity of the lesions to systemic synthetic retinoids with a carboxyl group in the C15 position, and systemic administration of etretin increased the levels of CRABP but not CRBP. These observations suggest that CRABP might be the receptor for synthetic retinoids in the skin and that its analysis might be useful in monitoring retinoid therapy.
Name-based content routing in information centric networks using distance information (2014)

The Distance-based Content Routing (DCR) protocol is introduced, which enables routers to maintain multiple loop-free routes to the nearest instances of a named data object or name prefix in an information centric network (ICN), and establish content delivery trees over which all or some instances of the same named data object or name prefix can be contacted. In contrast to all prior routing solutions for ICNs, DCR operates without requiring routers to establish overlays, knowing the network topology, using complete paths to content replicas, or knowing about all the sites storing replicas of named content. It is shown that DCR is correct and that is orders of magnitude more scalable than recent name-based routing approaches for ICNs, in terms of the time and signaling overhead needed to obtain correct routing to named content.
A Peptide from the Heptad Repeat of Human Immunodeficiency Virus gp41 Shows both Membrane Binding and Coiled-Coil Formation (1995)

The envelope glycoprotein gp41 from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is involved in membrane fusion and virus entry. It contains a functionally important leucine zipper-like heptad repeat region (residues 553-590). To investigate the solution structure and membrane-binding properties of this region, cysteine-substituted variants of a 38-residue peptide derived from the heptad repeat were synthesized and modified with nitroxide spin labels. Analytical equilibrium ultracentrifugation studies indicated it is primarily tetrameric in solution, in contrast to the protein gp160 which is a mixture of trimers and tetramers. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements indicated that the peptide was bound to vesicles containing 10 mol % negatively charged lipids. The peptides were bound parallel to the membrane surface, near the water-membrane interface, in a structure different from the solution structure, most likely as monomers. When Asp, Pro, or Ser was substituted for Ile at the core "a" position of the heptad repeat in the middle of the peptide, the coiled coil was destabilized. In addition, these peptides showed reduced membrane-binding affinities. Thus, mutations that destabilized coiled-coil formation also decreased membrane-binding propensity. These experimental results, taken with previous evidence, suggest two functions for the heptad repeat of gp41 after CD4 binding: (1) to form an extended coiled coil; (2) to provide a hydrophobic face that binds to the host-cell membrane, bringing the viral and cellular membranes closer and facilitating fusion.
Fifty years of lens design: What do we know now that we did not know then? (2002)

This presentation examines the extent to which the knowledge of how lenses function has (or has not) kept pace with the computational ability developed over the past five decades, and how this has influenced progress in the field of optical design.
Sleep nasendoscopy: a diagnostic tool for predicting treatment success with mandibular advancement splints in obstructive sleep apnoea (2005)

This prospective, cohort study evaluated the role of sleep nasendoscopy (SNE) with simultaneous mandibular protrusion in predicting successful mandibular advancement splint (MAS) therapy in subjects with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Nineteen OSA subjects diagnosed by overnight polysomnography were referred for MAS therapy, following SNE investigation. A Herbst MAS was fabricated for each subject. Once this had been adjusted for maximal, subjective, therapeutic effect, follow-up sleep studies were undertaken with the appliance in situ. The SNE was repeated with the appliance in place to allow the effects of the original mandibular protrusion and the actual effect of the MAS to be compared. The MAS was removed and the original and current site(s) of obstruction evaluated. Pre-treatment SNE showed airway obstruction at the following levels: intermittent multi-level (16 subjects), sustained multi-level (two subjects) and tongue base (one subject). In all individuals, gentle advancement of the mandible during SNE improved airway patency and reduced snoring. When the SNE was repeated with the MAS in situ, all subjects showed improvements in snoring and airway patency. Follow-up sleep studies confirmed the efficacy of the MAS, with all patients showing a reduction in the apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI). Median reductions in AHI (from 28.1 to 6.1, P < 0.001) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores (from 9 to 6, P < 0.001) were highly statistically significant. The results suggest that SNE with concomitant mandibular advancement to mimic MAS wear, could be a valuable prognostic indicator of successful MAS treatment.
Limitations and Applications of ICA for Surface Electromyogram (2006)

Surface electromyogram (SEMG) has numerous applications, but the presence of artefacts and noise, especially at low level of muscle activity make the recordings unreliable. Spectral and temporal overlap can make the removal of artefacts and noise, or separation of relevant signals from other bioelectric signals extremely difficult. Individual muscles may be considered as independent at the local level and this makes an argument for separating the signals using independent component analysis (ICA). In the recent past, due to the easy availability of ICA tools, numbers of researchers have attempted to use ICA for this application. This paper reports research conducted to evaluate the use of ICA for the separation of muscle activity and removal of the artefacts from SEMG. It discusses some of the conditions that could affect the reliability of the separation and evaluates issues related to the properties of the signals and number of sources. The paper also identifies the lack of suitable measure of quality of separation for bioelectric signals and it recommends and tests a more robust measure of separation. The paper also reports tests using Zibulevsky's technique of temporal plotting to identify number of independent sources in SEMG recordings. The theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that ICA is suitable for SEMG signals. The results identify the unsuitability of ICA when the number of sources is greater than the number of recording channels. The results also demonstrate the limitations of such applications due to the inability of the system to identify the correct order and magnitude of the signals. The paper determines the suitability of the use of error measure using simulated mixing matrix and the estimated unmixing matrix as a means identifying the quality of separation of the output. The work demonstrates that even at extremely low level of muscle contraction, and with filtering using wavelets and band pass filters, it is not possible to get the data sparse enough to identify number of independent sources using Zibulevs.ky's technique.
Phosphorus-Containing Derivatives of 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediol (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhosphorus-Containing Derivatives of 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediolRICHARD L. McCONNELL and H. W. COOVER Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24, 5, 630–635Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01087a014https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01087a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views549Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Social and environmental factors and mental health in the elderly]. (2002)

The paper gives data on trends in the prevalence of mental disease and disorders incidence in old age groups for 10 years (1984-1994) and analyzes whether macro- and microsocial factors can affect mental health in the elderly. Clinical and epidemiological surveys of 1109 examinees aged 60 years and older residing in a limited Moscow area have yielded morbidity rates for mental disease and disorders (including those by sex and age) in the population. Diagnoses was rated according to the International Classification of Disease (ICD-10). Varying mental disorders and nosological entities (without taking into account abnormalities) were found in 36.6% of examinees, including 6.1% with psychotic states, i.e. proper psychoses and clinical mental deficiency. Comparison of the results of two studies. One study was carried out in the 1980s and the present one performed 10 years later, that is, within the period of socioeconomic changes in the country, is indicative of a considerable growth of the morbidity rates in nonpsychotic forms of psychopathology of cerebrovascular genesis and psychogenic affective disorders among the Moscow elderly population. A correlation between the incidence of psychic pathology at an elderly age and different socioenvironmental factors has been studied. There are significant differences in accumulation of stress-induced life events in elderly patients with different psychopathology types. The obtained results confirm the author's assumption that the growth of psychic disorder morbidity rates, specifically, in non-psychotic forms of mental diseases of cerebrovascular genesis and psychogenic affective disorders in the past decade may be caused by increased stress-induced load on elderly people both in connection with unfavorable socioeconomic conditions of the reform epoch and a frustration of their outlook stereotypes. In the authors' opinion, their hypothesis on the correlation between the increase in the incidence of some psychogeriatric diseases and the frequency of stress-induced factors, needs further testing, in particular, by way of prospective population clinical and epidemiological studies.