gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated Risk-/Return-Management Approach for the Bank Portfolio (2002)

In an intensifying international competition banks are forced to place increased emphasis on enterprise wide risk-/return management. Financial risks have to be limited and managed from a bank wide portfolio perspective. Risk management requirements have to be met from an internal as well as from a regulatory point of view. Banks need to maximize their expected returns under these constraints. This leads to a generalized portfolio optimization problem under different capital restrictions. We pursue a two-step Risk-/Return Management Approach (“RRM-Approach”) [3]. At first we formulate an optimization model that maximizes the expected returns of the bank portfolio to the planning horizon under internal and regulatory loss risk limitations. The restriction on the internal economic capital is based on the risk measure of Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR), that has been proved to be appropriate for measuring bank wide loss risk [1]. The regulatory capital restrictions represent the actual Basle Rules of risk limitation. The optimization model of step 1 of the RRMApproach is solved by an application of the CVaR-optimization approach by Rockafellar/Uryasev [1]. In the second step, we derive a consistent risk-/return key ratio system from the optimum portfolio of step 1. We estimate the risk and return contributions of each single asset in the portfolio and achieve additive, linear representations of the expected returns and the regulatory and internal risk contributions. The latter we obtain by an application of Euler’s Formula on CVaR [2]. We sum up the risk and return contributions of the single assets on the business line level. In this way we deduce consistent return targets and capital limits of the economic and the internal capital for each business line. These quantities represent basic planning information ensuring maximum return targets and an efficient capital allocation of the economic and the regulatory capital. The impact of the RRM-Approach is shown by a brief application example.
Quality and Sensory Properties of Fresh Egg Noodles Formulated with Either Total or Partial Replacement of Egg Substitutes (2006)

ABSTRACT: The quality and sensory properties of fresh egg noodles formulated with total or partial replacement of egg substitute were investigated. Cooking quality parameters, texture, and color were measured at d 0, 15, and 30. Whole‐egg noodles (control) had less cooking loss, firmer texture, and larger L* and b* values among days compared with noodles prepared with 100% soy flour or Pasta Power. Noodles prepared with Bipro exhibited the least cooking loss and water uptake, firmer texture, and larger L* and b* values among egg substitutes at 50% replacement. Firmness was greater and L* and b* values were larger for noodles from soy flour and Pasta Power egg substitutes when they replaced 50% of egg, rather than 100%. Sensory analysis revealed the roughness and flavor of cooked noodles, which were not significantly affected by the type of egg substitute. Noodles containing Pasta Power exhibited greater stickiness, whereas those containing soy flour were less firm. Including whole eggs in the formulations reduced stickiness. None of the egg substitutes studied could totally replace whole egg in the egg noodles without resulting in some loss of quality. But partial replacement of eggs resulted in noodles with similar physical and sensory properties.
Siloxane zwitterions: Synthesis and surface properties of crosslinked polymers (1975)

Abstract The aminoalkoxysilanes, γ‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane and N‐aminoethyl‐γ‐ainopropyl‐trimethoxysilane, were chemically modified by ring‐opening addition of γ‐propanesultone. Surfaces coated with polymers from these new monomers have, at the surface, zwitterionic functions of sulfobetaines which are attached to the polymeric siloxane backbone. They showed good wettability, with critical surface tensions as high as 50 dynes/cm.
A sixth-order continuous-time bandpass sigma-delta modulator for digital radio IF (1999)

This paper presents a sixth-order continuous-time bandpass sigma-delta modulator (SDM) for analog-to-digital conversion of intermediate-frequency signals. An important aspect in the design of this SDM is the stability analysis using the describing function method. The key to the analysis is the extension of the linear gain model for the sampled quantizer with a phase uncertainty. The single-loop, one-bit SDM is tuned at 10.7 MHz, is sampled at 40 MHz, and achieves 67-dB signal-to-(noise+distortion) ratio in 200 kHz and 80 dB in 9 kHz. The third order intermodulation is at -82 dBc for a -13-dBFS input level. The 0.5-/spl mu/m CMOS chip occupies 0.9/spl times/0.4 mm/sup 2/ and consumes 60 mW at 3.3 V (digital) and 5.0 V (analog). The sample frequency is variable and can be set from 30 to 80 MHz.
Transport Properties of Thoria and Thoria-based Solid Solutions (1972)

Abstract The methods for obtaining transport numbers in oxides are described and associated experimental difficulties are discussed. Their reliability is assessed and used in conjunction with related data to offer a consistent picture for thoria and thoria-based solutions between 500° and 1600 °C. Both are ionic conductors within certain ranges of oxygen pressure. It is concluded that, for ThO 2, and, for ThO 2 - Y 2 O 3 solutions (10-20 mole % YO 1.5 ), where P ⊕ P ⊖ , respectively, are the oxygen pressures (atm) where the ionic and p-type and the ionic and n-type conductivities are equal. Ionic conductivity and charge carrier mobilities in thoria are briefly considered
Influence of in vivo immunosuppressive drugs: Value of lymphocyte subset markers and their capacity to produce lymphokines as indicators (1985)

SCOPUS: NotDefined.j
Parallel genetic algorithm for search and constrained multi-objective optimization (2004)

Summary form only given. Parallel genetic algorithm for search and constrained multiobjective optimization introduces the design and complexity analysis of a parallel genetic algorithm to generate a "best" path for a robot arm to follow, given a starting position and a goal in three dimensional space. Path generation takes into account any obstacles near the arm. This algorithm uses multiple optimization criteria, independent cross-pollinating populations, and handles multiple hard constraints. Individuals in the population consist of multiple chromosomes. The complexity of the algorithm is the number of generations processed times O(N ) where N is the total number of individuals used for path generation on all of the optimizations.
Distributed Virtual Diskless Checkpointing: A Highly Fault Tolerant Scheme for Virtualized Clusters (2012)

Today's high-end computing systems are facing a crisis of high failure rates due to increased numbers of components. Recent studies have shown that traditional fault tolerant techniques incur overheads that more than double execution times on these highly parallel machines. Thus, future high-end computing must be able to provide adequate fault tolerance at an acceptable cost or the burdens of fault management will severely affect the viability of such systems. Cluster virtualization offers a potentially unique solution for fault management, but brings significant overhead, especially for I/O. In this paper, we propose a novel diskless check pointing technique on clusters of virtual machines. Our technique splits Virtual Machines into sets of orthogonal RAID systems and distributes parity evenly across the cluster, similar to a RAID-5 configuration, but using VM images as data elements. Our theoretical analysis shows that our technique significantly reduces the overhead associated with check pointing by removing the disk I/O bottleneck.
Enteroviral Infections in Infants (2022)

Enteroviruses (EVs) are major pathogens in young infants. These viruses were traditionally classified into the following four subgenera: polio, coxsackie A and B, and echoviruses. Now that poliomyelitis seems to be controlled in most parts of the world, coxsackie and echoviruses are gaining more attention because (i) the structural and pathophysiological similarities and (ii) the consequent possibilities in translational medicine. Enteroviruses are transmitted mainly by oral and fecal-oral routes; the clinical manifestations include a viral prodrome including fever, feeding intolerance, and lethargy, which may be followed by exanthema; aseptic meningitis and encephalitis; pleurodynia; myopericarditis; and multi-system organ failure. Laboratory diagnosis is largely based on reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, cell culture, and serology. Prevention and treatment can be achieved using vaccination, and administration of immunoglobulins and antiviral drugs. In this article, we have reviewed the properties of these viruses, their clinical manifestations, and currently available methods of detection, treatment, and prognosis.
Sodium Dihydrogenpyrophosphate Hexahydrate (Na2H2P2O7⋅6H2O) by XPS (2002)

We report the XPS spectra of sodium dihydrogenpyrophosphate. XPS spectra were collected with a VSW HA150 x-ray photoelectron spectrometer using monochromatic Al Kα x-radiation. Monochromatic radiation provides a distinct clarity to the rich peak structure in the valence band of sodium dihydrogenpyrophosphate due to the absence of interfering x-ray satellites from the intense O 2s region. The features seen in the valence band are unique to the (H2P2O7)2− ion which shows small but significant differences from the (P2O7)4− ion. The valence band, survey, Na 1s, O 1s, C 1s, P 2s, P 2p, and Na 2s levels are reported.
Immunotherapy in acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. (1998)

Disease recurrence following successful bone marrow transplantation remains a major impediment in the management of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). A variety of monoclonal antibodies that deliver drugs or toxins to the site of activity, have been used in an attempt to augment marrow transplantation. Examples of three different monoclonal antibody techniques (naked antibody, drug antibody conjugations, and radiolabeled antibodies) are discussed. CD33 is an attractive antigen to use as a target for treating AML because it is present on most AML cells. Naked antibodies are limited in their ability to kill tumor cells, although studies to date suggest there may be a role in antileukemic therapy for unlabeled anti-CD33 humanized M195 antibody after the tumor burden has been reduced by chemotherapy. Calicheamicin, a novel and toxic drug moiety conjugated to anti-CD33 antibody, is currently under investigation in patients with refractory or relapsed AML. Results from a Phase I investigation were encouraging. Three different radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies have been evaluated in Phase I/II studies--131I-labeled anti-CD33 (p67) antibody, 213Bi-labeled humanized M195 antibody, and 131I-anti-CD45 antibody. CD45 is a cell-surface antigen broadly expressed by all circulating leukocytes and lymphocytes. Initial studies demonstrated that substantially greater doses of radiation could be delivered to targeted organs compared with nontargeted organs using 131I-anti-CD45 antibody. This approach offers the potential for augmenting leukemia therapy without increased risk of toxicity.
Ramucirumab (RAM) exposure-response (ER) relationship in RANGE: A randomized phase III trial of RAM plus docetaxel (DOC) versus placebo (P) plus DOC in advanced platinum-refractory urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients (pts). (2019)

353 Background: Recent RANGE results showed significant improvement in PFS, a non-significant positive trend in OS, increased ORR and acceptable safety with RAM+DOC vs P+DOC in UC pts (Petrylak et al. Lancet 2017; Petrylak et al. ESMO 2018, abstr 865PD). RAM ER-OS relationships in RANGE are reported here. Methods: Pts received RAM (10 mg/kg) + DOC or P + DOC (Day 1 of a 21 day cycle) until discontinuation criteria were met. Population pharmacokinetic analysis predicted RAM minimum concentrations after first dose (RAM C min, 1 ). Multivariate Cox regression &amp; matched case control (MCC) analyses using exposure treated as a continuous covariate, or grouped as quartiles, evaluated the ER-OS relationship. Results: Several poor prognostic factors, including Bellmunt risk factors, appeared to be more frequent in the lower exposure quartiles, suggesting a possible disease-PK interaction. Increasing RAM exposure as a continuous covariate in an ER population of n=246 pts significantly ( p=0.01) associated with improvements in OS. Higher exposure quartiles trended toward longer survival &amp; smaller HRs compared to P (Table, Q1=lowest). Conclusions: OS and ORR benefits favored Q4, a group which was associated with more favorable prognostic features and higher exposure. The observed disease-PK interaction may confound the interpretation of the ER results and warrants further exploration. Clinical trial information: NCT02426125. [Table: see text]
Corrosion Issues with Underbalanced Drilling In H2S Reservoirs (1998)

Abstract There have been documented and undocumented corrosion problems in Canada concerning the drilling of oil and gas reservoirs that have H2S content. In the realm of underbalanced drilling, liquid nitrogen has typically been used as the gaseous medium to reduce hydrostatics for underbalanced drilling fluids. Liquid nitrogen does an excellent job of inserting the drill fluid and reducing corrosion potential. Membrane gas, which is generated using membrane fiber technology and air compression/boosting equipment, is an effective means to reducing hydrostatics. This paper will discuss typical corrosion mechanisms and H2S corrosion mechanisms that are a concern in underbalanced drilling based on laboratory experiments. The goal of the paper being to explain trends in corrosion and show the effectiveness of membrane gas for underbalanced drilling applications, with coil tubing. P. 155
Software Service Defined Network: Centralized Network Information Service (2013)

Software-defined networking (SDN) is fast evolving as a new paradigm for next generation data networking. In SDN, controller is a central piece of its networks, which provides a logically centralized control of the network. Different from the previous studies on Northbound APIs and Southbound APIs of SDN, in this paper, we propose a service oriented network architecture for east-west network expansions in SDN. In particular, we present the software service defined network (SSDN), a network infrastructure to support east-west network expansion and network services federation across multiple domains. SSDN is based on a highly extensible service computing framework, which differs from the traditional BGP/PCE based inter-domain approaches. We describe the network software-service layer (NSSL) in SSDN, its use cases, its controller and service backup mechanisms, and the new business opportunities under the context of SSDN. It is shown that the proposed approach enhances the development efficiency, enables controller agility, improves scalability, achieves separate life-cycle management, enables inter- and intra-domain communication between different controllers, and enhances the network resiliency.
The CBP/β-Catenin Antagonist, ICG-001, Inhibits Tumor Metastasis via Blocking of the miR-134/ITGB1 Axis-Mediated Cell Adhesion in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (2022)

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated malignancy ranking as the 23rd most common cancer globally, while its incidence rate ranked the 9th in southeast Asia. Tumor metastasis is the dominant cause for treatment failure in NPC and metastatic NPC is yet incurable. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in many processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and self-renewal of stem cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Both the EMT process and CSCs are believed to play a critical role in cancer metastasis. We here investigated whether the specific CBP/β-catenin Wnt antagonist, IGC-001, affects the metastasis of NPC cells. We found that ICG-001 treatment could reduce the adhesion capability of NPC cells to extracellular matrix and to capillary endothelial cells and reduce the tumor cell migration and invasion, events which are closely associated with distant metastasis. Through a screening of EMT and CSC-related microRNAs, it was found that miR-134 was consistently upregulated by ICG-001 treatment in NPC cells. Very few reports have mentioned the functional role of miR-134 in NPC, except that the expression was found to be downregulated in NPC. Transient transfection of miR-134 into NPC cells reduced their cell adhesion, migration, and invasion capability, but did not affect the growth of CSC-enriched tumor spheres. Subsequently, we found that the ICG-001-induced miR-134 expression resulting in downregulation of integrin β1 (<i>ITGB1</i>). Such downregulation reduced cell adhesion and migration capability, as demonstrated by siRNA-mediated knockdown of <i>ITGB1</i>. Direct targeting of <i>ITGB1</i> by miR-134 was confirmed by the 3'-UTR luciferase assay. Lastly, using an in vivo lung metastasis assay, we showed that ICG-001 transient overexpression of miR-134 or stable overexpression of miR-134 could significantly reduce the lung metastasis of NPC cells. Taken together, we present here evidence that modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway could inhibit the metastasis of NPC through the miR-134/<i>ITGB1</i> axis.
RCAI-39, 41, 53, 100, 127 and 128, the analogues of KRN7000, activate mouse natural killer T cells to produce Th2-biased cytokines by their administration as liposomal particles (2011)

α-Galactosphingolipid analogues of KRN7000 with a sulfonamide (RCAI-39), a carbamate (RCAI-41), an α,α-difluorocarboxamide (RCAI-100) or an N-methylcarboxamide linkage (RCAI-127) instead of a carboxamide bond of KRN7000 were synthesized. Their bioactivities for mouse natural killer T cells were examined. Bioactivities of truncated analogues, OCH and RCAI-53, and β-galactosphingolipid (RCAI-128) were also examined. All of these glycosphingolipids induced Th2-biased cytokine production by their administration as liposomal particles. Among them, liposomes containing RCAI-127 induced the most potent Th2-biased response.
LOW CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS IS ASSOCIATED WITH ELEVATED C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN WOMEN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES (2004)

McGavock, J; Mandic, S; Koller, M; Taylor, D; Welsh, R; VonderMuhll, I; Quinney, A; Haykowsky, M; Lewanczuk, R Author Information
Power consumption estimation in CMOS VLSI chips (1994)

Power consumption from logic circuits, interconnections, clock distribution, on chip memories, and off chip driving in CMOS VLSI is estimated. Estimation methods are demonstrated and verified. An estimate tool is created. Power consumption distribution between interconnections, clock distribution, logic gates, memories, and off chip driving are analyzed by examples. Comparisons are done between cell library, gate array, and full custom design. Also comparisons between static and dynamic logic are given. Results show that the power consumption of all interconnections and off chip driving can be up to 20% and 65% of the total power consumption respectively. Compared to cell library design, gate array designed chips consume about 10% more power, and power reduction in full custom designed chips could be 15%. >
What can N-grams learn for malware detection? (2017)

Recent work has shown that byte n-grams learn mostly low entropy features, such as function imports and strings, which has brought into question whether byte n-grams can learn information corresponding to higher entropy levels, such as binary code. We investigate that hypothesis in this work by performing byte n-gram analysis on only specific sub-sections of the binary file, and compare to results obtained by n-gram analysis on assembly code generated from disassembled binaries. We do this by leveraging the change in model performance and ensembles to glean insights about the data. In doing so we discover that byte n-grams can learn from the code regions, but do not necessarily learn any new information. We also discover that assembly n-grams may not be as effective as previously thought and that disambiguating instructions by their binary opcode, an approach not previously used for malware detection, is critical for model generalization.
Purification and Characterization of Recombinant Catalase-Peroxidase, Which Confers Isoniazid Sensitivity inMycobacterium tuberculosis (1997)

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis katG gene encodes a dual-function enzyme called catalase-peroxidase, which confers sensitivity in M. tuberculosis to isonicotinic acid hydrazide. We have constructed a system for the high level expression of a recombinant form of this enzyme by amplifying the katG gene from the pYZ56 construct (1) and subcloning into a vector suitable for expression in Escherichia coli. The resulting plasmid, pTBCP, produced the catalase-peroxidase in large quantities, corresponding to 30% of total cell protein. The enzyme has been purified to homogeneity and appears to be a dimer in the native form. Using either hydrogen peroxide or t-butyl hydroperoxide and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) as substrates, kcat and Km values have been obtained for both catalatic and peroxidatic activities, respectively. The availability of significant quantities of an active, folded, recombinant form of M. tuberculosis catalase-peroxidase should thus facilitate future studies of its role in drug activation and antibiotic resistance.
Critical current densities and transport in superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−δ films made by electron beam coevaporation (1987)

Thin films of the high Tc superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−δ were prepared and characterized. The films made on SrTiO3 showed epitaxial growth and high critical current densities in excess of 9×104 at 78 K and 2×106 at 4.2 K. Also, surface pinning in the parallel direction was found to be very high. The measurements put a lower limit on the depairing critical current density of 5×107 A/cm2.
Development and Mechanism of High-Performance Fully Biobased Shape Memory Benzoxazine Resins with a Green Strategy (2020)

Developing high-performance fully biobased shape memory thermosets with a green strategy is a challenging topic of great interest. Herein, two unique fully biobased benzoxazine resins with excellent shape memory properties, denoted as poly(IE-dea) and poly(G-dea), were developed by synthesizing two fully biobased benzoxazine monomers (IE-dea and G-dea) using a solvent-free method. The thermal, mechanical, and shape memory properties of poly(IE-dea) and poly(G-dea) were studied. Among the fully biobased shape memory polymers reported so far, poly(IE-dea) and poly(G-dea) have the highest glass transition temperatures (138 and 216 °C), initial thermal decomposition temperatures (340 and 347 °C), and tensile strengths (85.1 ± 2.5 and 65.9 ± 2.7 MPa). In addition, poly(IE-dea) and poly(G-dea) exhibit excellent shape memory properties. After four shape memory cycles, their shape fixity ratios are 97.7–98.0% and 96.7–97.2%, respectively, and their shape recovery ratios are 96.7–97.2% and 93.0–93.4%. In fact, they are the first two fully neat biobased shape memory benzoxazine resins up-to-date. The mechanism behind the excellent integrated performances of poly(IE-dea) and poly(G-dea) results from unique integrated actions of the flexible decane segment and rigid cross-linked structure from the polymerization of oxazine rings.