gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Open Label, Randomized Study Of Abarelix Versus Leuprolide Plus Daily Antiandrogen In Men With Prostate Cancer (2002)

We compared the endocrinological and biochemical efficacy of abarelix depot, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist, with that of a widely used combination of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonist and a nonsteroidal antiandrogen.A total of 255 patients were randomized to receive open label 100 mg. abarelix depot or 7.5 mg. leuprolide acetate intramuscularly injection on days 1, 29, 57, 85, 113 and 141 for 24 weeks. Patients in the abarelix group received an additional injection on day 15 and those in the leuprolide acetate group received 50 mg. bicalutamide daily. Patients could continue treatment with study drug for an additional 28 weeks. The efficacy end points were the comparative rates of avoidance of testosterone surge (greater than 10% increase) within 7 days of the first injection and the rapidity of achieving reduction of serum testosterone to castrate levels (50 ng./dl. or less) on day 8. Patients were monitored for adverse events and laboratory abnormalities.Abarelix was more effective in avoidance of testosterone surge (p <0.001) and the rapidity of reduction of testosterone to castrate levels on day 8 (p <0.001) than combination therapy. No significant difference was seen between the groups in the initial rate of decline of serum prostate specific antigen or the ability to achieve and maintain castrate levels of testosterone. No unusual or unexpected adverse events were reported.Abarelix as monotherapy achieves medical castration significantly more rapidly than combination therapy and avoids the testosterone surge characteristic of agonist therapy. Both treatments were equally effective in reducing serum prostate specific antigen, and achieving and maintaining castrate levels of testosterone.
Data from Chemotherapy-Induced Distal Enhancers Drive Transcriptional Programs to Maintain the Chemoresistant State in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Chemoresistance is driven by unique regulatory networks in the genome that are distinct from those necessary for cancer development. Here, we investigate the contribution of enhancer elements to cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancers. Epigenome profiling of multiple cellular models of chemoresistance identified unique sets of distal enhancers, super-enhancers (SE), and their gene targets that coordinate and maintain the transcriptional program of the platinum-resistant state in ovarian cancer. Pharmacologic inhibition of distal enhancers through small-molecule epigenetic inhibitors suppressed the expression of their target genes and restored cisplatin sensitivity &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. In addition to known drivers of chemoresistance, our findings identified SOX9 as a critical SE-regulated transcription factor that plays a critical role in acquiring and maintaining the chemoresistant state in ovarian cancer. The approach and findings presented here suggest that integrative analysis of epigenome and transcriptional programs could identify targetable key drivers of chemoresistance in cancers.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;Integrative genome-wide epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses of platinum-sensitive and -resistant ovarian lines identify key distal regulatory regions and associated master regulator transcription factors that can be targeted by small-molecule epigenetic inhibitors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Host transcriptomic plasticity and photosymbiotic fidelity underpin Pocillopora acclimatization across thermal regimes in the Pacific Ocean (2023)

Heat waves are causing declines in coral reefs globally. Coral thermal responses depend on multiple, interacting drivers, such as past thermal exposure, endosymbiont community composition, and host genotype. This makes the understanding of their relative roles in adaptive and/or plastic responses crucial for anticipating impacts of future warming. Here, we extracted DNA and RNA from 102 Pocillopora colonies collected from 32 sites on 11 islands across the Pacific Ocean to characterize host-photosymbiont fidelity and to investigate patterns of gene expression across a historical thermal gradient. We report high host-photosymbiont fidelity and show that coral and microalgal gene expression respond to different drivers. Differences in photosymbiotic association had only weak impacts on host gene expression, which was more strongly correlated with the historical thermal environment, whereas, photosymbiont gene expression was largely determined by microalgal lineage. Overall, our results reveal a three-tiered strategy of thermal acclimatization in Pocillopora underpinned by host-photosymbiont specificity, host transcriptomic plasticity, and differential photosymbiotic association under extreme warming.
Cosegregation of Hirschsprung`s disease (HSCR) and a RET mutation in a French Canadian family with MEN 2A (1994)

We have previously reported the occurrence of HSCR in a French Canadian family with MEN 2A. This B family includes 23 cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and 13 cases of HSCR of which 5 died at young age of intestinal obstruction; cases of HSCR are clustered in branches of the family in which MTC is segregating and each case of HSCR has a parent with MTC. HSCR cases with or without MTC harbors cosegregation of the MEN 2A haplotypes markers. A mutation of Cys 620 to Arg in exon 10 of RET identified in family members with MTC (without HSCR) was also present in the cases of HSCR who have not developed MTC yet. Three of the eight live HSCR cases have developed MTC and the other five are 19, 15, 18, 3 and 1 y.o. and have normal or high calcitonin levels. The data from this family suggest that HSCR cosegregated with MEN 2A mutation in this kindred. MEN 2A and recently described HSCR-associated RET mutations were proposed to actiate or repress RET proto-oncogene. The mutation responsible for HSCR in this kindred has not been identified yet; however, the anticipated HSCR mutation does not prevent the occurrence ofmore » MTC formation in MEN 2A mutation carriers.« less
Microscopic Characterization of Agave Tequilana Weber var. Azul Fibers from Agroindustrial Waste in Activated Carbon Production (2008)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2008 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, August 3 – August 7, 2008
Interlaboratory Comparison of the Thickness of the Destroyed Surface Layer of Closed-Cell Foam Insulation Specimens (2006)

Abstract The preparation of closed-cell foam insulation test specimens can affect the results of a number of hygrothermal property measurements. In particular, the thickness of the destroyed surface layer affects the measurement of gas diffusion coefficients and thermal conductivity. Multiple specimen preparation methods are in use, as well as multiple methods to measure the thickness of the destroyed surface layer. A ruggedness test, including an interlaboratory comparison, was conducted by an ASTM technical committee to examine the variations due to both of these factors. The results are important in understanding the likely range in values for each preparation technique. The results also demonstrate a sensitivity to the measurement technique.
Learning to Label Affordances from Simulated and Real Data (2017)

An autonomous robot should be able to evaluate the affordances that are offered by a given situation. Here we address this problem by designing a system that can densely predict affordances given only a single 2D RGB image. This is achieved with a convolutional neural network (ResNet), which we combine with refinement modules recently proposed for addressing semantic image segmentation. We define a novel cost function, which is able to handle (potentially multiple) affordances of objects and their parts in a pixel-wise manner even in the case of incomplete data. We perform qualitative as well as quantitative evaluations with simulated and real data assessing 15 different affordances. In general, we find that affordances, which are well-enough represented in the training data, are correctly recognized with a substantial fraction of correctly assigned pixels. Furthermore, we show that our model outperforms several baselines. Hence, this method can give clear action guidelines for a robot.
Modeling of Spacecraft-Mounted Robot Dynamics and Control Using Dual Quaternions (2018)

Dual quaternions (DQ) provide a compact representation of position and attitude. They have been extensively used in fixed-base robotics due to their numerous computational advantages. This paper aims to develop the dynamic equations of motion of a robotic arm on a free-flying spacecraft using a Newton-Euler approach in a DQ modeling framework. A pose-stabilization maneuver for the end-effector is found via Differential Dynamic Programming (DDP). The results of this simulation are provided.
Current strategies of mechanical stimulation for maturation of cardiac microtissues (2021)

The most advanced in vitro cardiac models are today based on the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); however, the maturation of cardiomyocytes (CMs) has not yet been fully achieved. Therefore, there is a rising need to move towards models capable of promoting an adult-like cardiomyocytes phenotype. Many strategies have been applied such as co-culture of cardiomyocytes, with fibroblasts and endothelial cells, or conditioning them through biochemical factors and physical stimulations. Here, we focus on mechanical stimulation as it aims to mimic the different mechanical forces that heart receives during its development and the post-natal period. We describe the current strategies and the mechanical properties necessary to promote a positive response in cardiac tissues from different cell sources, distinguishing between passive stimulation, which includes stiffness, topography and static stress and active stimulation, encompassing cyclic strain, compression or perfusion. We also highlight how mechanical stimulation is applied in disease modelling.
Stroboscopic Scanning Electron Microscopy at Gigahertz Frequencies (1971)

Techniques for achieving a microwave time resolving capability in a scanning electron microscope using the stroboscopic mode of operation are presented. By pulsing the primary electron beam with traveling wave electrostatic deflection plates, an over-all system bandwidth in excess of 2 GHz is achieved. A method to detect fast primary electron beam pulses is also reported. Time varying surface potential measurements using secondary electron emission are given to demonstrate the microwave frequency response.
A cat’s scratch or a wolf’s bite? (2020)

<i>Bartonella henselae</i> endocarditis mimicking systemic vasculitis has been reported in patients with valvulopathy. Herein, we describe a patient with <i>B. henselae</i> endocarditis involving a prosthetic pulmonic valve with positive anti-dsDNA antibodies misdiagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) based on the revised classification SLE criteria.
Systems with Boron Trifluoride1 (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSystems with Boron Trifluoride1Harold Simmons Booth and Donald Ray MartinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1942, 64, 9, 2198–2205Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1942https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01261a048RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views129Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Highly Flexible Synthetic Routes to Functionalized Phospholanes from Carbohydrates (2000)

Highly functionalized phospholanes 15, 17, and 26 and the corresponding diastereomers in which the configurations of the phospholane carbon-2 and carbon-5 are inverted can be readily prepared from d-mannitol by displacement of the appropriate dimesylate or cyclic sulfate with dilithiumphosphide reagents. The diols from which these ligands are prepared can also be converted into diarylphosphinite ligands. A route to related monophosphines bearing hemilabile tert-butylthio groups is also described. Complexes of these ligands and of related deprotected derivatives are potentially useful for enantioselective catalysis in organic and aqueous media.
Experimental demonstration of a quantum model learning agent (2020)

Developing novel quantum devices poses the problem of their efficient characterization. We introduce and experimentally demonstrate a methodology to automatically formulate and rank Hamiltonian models, learning the most appropriate in reproducing the observed system’s dynamics.
Biomarkers of memory variability in traumatic brain injury (2020)

Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of cognitive disability and is often associated with significant impairment in episodic memory. In traumatic brain injury survivors, as in healthy controls, there is marked variability between individuals in memory ability. Using recordings from indwelling electrodes, we characterized and compared the oscillatory biomarkers of mnemonic variability in two cohorts of epilepsy patients: a group with a history of moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (<i>n</i> = 37) and a group of controls without traumatic brain injury (<i>n</i> = 111) closely matched for demographics and electrode coverage. Analysis of these recordings demonstrated that increased high-frequency power and decreased theta power across a broad set of brain regions mark periods of successful memory formation in both groups. As features in a logistic-regression classifier, spectral power biomarkers effectively predicted recall probability, with little difference between traumatic brain injury patients and controls. The two groups also displayed similar patterns of theta-frequency connectivity during successful encoding periods. These biomarkers of successful memory, highly conserved between traumatic brain injury patients and controls, could serve as the basis for novel therapies that target disordered memory across diverse forms of neurological disease.
Genital Reinfection After Recovery from Initial Genital Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 in Guinea Pigs (1986)

The natural history of genital reinfection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) three weeks to one year after initial infection was explored by using a guinea pig model. Intravaginal reinoculation with HSV-2 of animals that had recovered from initial genital infection produced by wild-type or thymidine kinase-deficient HSV-2 produced asymptomatic genital reinfection characterized by high-titered replication of HSV-2 in the vaginal vault. Reinoculation did not result in acute neural infection, as was seen during initial genital herpes, and no evidence of latent infection by the rechallenge strain could be demonstrated. The frequency of recurrences appeared to be established by the initial infection because reinfection did not alter the pattern of recurrent genital herpes. The present study suggest that asymptomatic reinfection may produce a reservoir of communicable virus and that initial infection with a less virulent mutant of HSV-2 may provide protection against subsequent reexposure to wild-type HSV-2.
The purification and characterization of a β-glucosidase from Alcaligenes faecalis (1986)

The beta-glucosidase from Alcaligenes faecalis has been purified to homogeneity (880-fold purification, 11% yield) using a combination of classical techniques and medium pressure ion-exchange chromatography. It is a dimeric enzyme of monomer molecular weight 50,000 and has no specific requirement for divalent metal ions. It has a high specificity for beta-glucosides and hydrolyses a wide variety of different chemical types wit retention of configuration at the anomeric centre. It has no exo-beta-1,4-glucanase activity. It is reversibly inhibited by a variety of sugars which have been shown previously to be very active against glucosidases, suggesting a normal mechanism of action. Measured Km values for cellobiose and p-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside are quite low (0.70 and 0.08 mM, respectively), making this a good choice for cocloning into a cellulase system optimized for glucose production.
Right Atrial Thrombus Formation Screening Using Two-Dimensional Echocardiograms in Neonates With Central Venous Catheters (1988)

Two-dimensional echocardiograms were used to prospectively screen 49 patients with 56 central venous catheters for right atrial thromboses from October 1985 to May 1986. All but four patients received a two-dimensional echocardiogram prior to insertion of the catheter. Once the catheters were in place, two-dimensional echocardiograms were performed no later than 3 weeks after insertion and then every 14 days until the catheter was removed. A single thrombus was detected 79 days after catheter placement (an incidence of 1.8%). Previous recommendations for weekly screening with two-dimensional echocardiogram were based on case reports alone. The 95% confidence limits for a negative two-dimensional echocardiogram result suggest that the initial two-dimensional echocardiogram screen for thrombus be obtained no sooner than 3 weeks after catheter insertion. In addition, significant gastrointestinal disease requiring operative intervention was present in 10 of 11 previous case reports as well as in our patient. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to determine whether subgroups of infants exist who are at a relatively higher risk for right atrial thrombus formation.
A new vertical power MOSFET structure with extremely reduced on-resistance (1985)

A new vertical power MOSFET structure called rectangular-grooved MOSFET (RMOS) is proposed, in which the vertical channels are provided along the sidewalls of the rectangular grooves formed by a reactive ion-beam etching (RIBE) technique. The structure is characterized by reduced ON-resistance and high packing density. The relationship between the ON-resistance and the packing density in the new structure is calculated. It is demonstrated that the structure essentially possesses a lower ON-resistance per unit area than VMOS and DMOS structures. Experimental results are also described in detail.
Inhibition of Infection and Replication of Human Herpesvirus 8 in Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Alpha Interferon and Phosphonoformic Acid (2004)

Infection of endothelial cells with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is an essential event in the development of Kaposi's sarcoma. When primary microvascular endothelial cells (MECs) were infected with HHV-8 at a low multiplicity of infection, considerable latent replication of HHV-8 occurred, leading to a time-dependent increase in the percentage of virus-infected cells that was accompanied by cellular spindling and growth to a high density with loss of contact inhibition. Only a low percentage of MECs supported lytic replication of HHV-8 and produced infectious virus. Phosphonoformic acid blocked production of infectious virus but did not inhibit the rapid expansion of latently infected MECs. Pretreatment of MECs with alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) prior to infection effectively reduced HHV-8 viral gene expression, latent replication, and production of infectious virus. High levels of the double-stranded RNA activated protein kinase (PKR) were expressed in HHV-8-infected cells, and incubation with IFN-alpha increased PKR expression more in virus-infected cells than in uninfected cells. MECs that were immortalized with simian virus 40 large-T antigen differed from nonimmortalized MECs in their response to infection with HHV-8 and demonstrated that cells with elevated levels of expression of antiviral transcripts expressed viral transcripts at reduced levels. These studies demonstrate that MECs respond to HHV-8 with enhanced expression of cellular antiviral genes and that augmentation of innate antiviral defenses with IFN-alpha is a more effective strategy than inhibition of viral lytic replication to protect MECs from infection with HHV-8 and to restrict proliferation of virus-infected MECs.
Multi-Instance Visual-Semantic Embedding (2015)

Visual-semantic embedding models have been recently proposed and shown to be effective for image classification and zero-shot learning, by mapping images into a continuous semantic label space. Although several approaches have been proposed for single-label embedding tasks, handling images with multiple labels (which is a more general setting) still remains an open problem, mainly due to the complex underlying corresponding relationship between image and its labels. In this work, we present Multi-Instance visual-semantic Embedding model (MIE) for embedding images associated with either single or multiple labels. Our model discovers and maps semantically-meaningful image subregions to their corresponding labels. And we demonstrate the superiority of our method over the state-of-the-art on two tasks, including multi-label image annotation and zero-shot learning.
Propagation modelling of RFID systems for road monitoring applications (2015)

Monitoring of vehicles on roads and tunnels is performed with the use of RFID tag technology. Unfortunately, the reliability of the current RFID-based approaches is lacking. This paper explores the possible reasons for this by performing a propagation study using two scenarios. The first scenario is a gantry based tag reading system as is typically used in tolling applications, and the second is an in-road reader scenario. The second scenario mitigates a majority of the propagation problems experienced by the first scenario. By reducing these propagation problems, lower cost RFID tags can be used for road monitoring applications. Deploying such a system which is both lower in cost and higher in reliability can allow for more ubiquitous monitoring which in-turn can allow more informed decisions to be made on future road, bridge and tunnel infrastructure.
Leaky-wave antenna based on micro-electromechanical systems-loaded microstrip line (2011)

The authors suggest and theoretically study an efficient leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with beam scanning governed by micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) capacitors. The use of MEMS instead of varactors or magnetised ferrite substrate allows one to significantly decrease losses. The LWA is implemented as a periodically loaded transmission line (PLTL). In order to obtain maximal possible dispersion of a PLTL, resonant loads combining variable capacitors and stub strap inductors are applied. Analysis of dispersion properties and design of a unit cell of the PLTL are based on the analytical model with further numerical optimisation. Full-wave simulations are carried out for a realistic beam-scanning LWA, where the radiated beam can transit from forward to backward directions for a practical MEMS design.