gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Haloalkane Dehalogenase from a Cold-Adapted Bacterium (2012)

A haloalkane dehalogenase, DpcA, from Psychrobacter cryohalolentis K5, representing a novel psychrophilic member of the haloalkane dehalogenase family, was identified and biochemically characterized. DpcA exhibited a unique temperature profile with exceptionally high activities at low temperatures. The psychrophilic properties of DpcA make this enzyme promising for various environmental applications.
On the use of actinometry to measure the dissociation in O2DC glow discharges: determination of the wall recombination probability (1995)

A study has been performed to re-investigate the actinometric technique used to determine the absolute concentration of O atoms in DC O2 flowing glow discharges for pressures ranging from 0.36 to 2 Torr and discharge currents ranging from 5 to 80 mA in Pyrex tubes of three different diameters (16, 7 and 4 mm). Actinometric measurements using O(3P-3S) 844 nm, O(5P-5S) 777 nm and Ar(2p1-1S2) 750 nm transitions are compared to VUV absorption spectrometry. The choice of the excitation cross sections for the calculations of atomic excitation rates as a function of the reduced electric field using a Boltzmann code and the contribution of the quenching processes of the excited states are discussed. The dissociation ratio (O)/(O2) can be determined from the ratio of intensities I844/I750 by the relation (O)/(O2)=C3P2p1 I844/I750. We have found that C3P2p1 remains constant (C3P2p1=2.6*10-3) throughout the range of experimental conditions investigated. The recombination probability gamma of the O atoms at the wall is calculated and correlated to the wall temperature of the Pyrex tubes. The variation of the recombination probability as a function of the wall temperature is fitted by the relation gamma =0.94exp(-1780/Twall) for 300<Twall<500 K.
Aliasing Artifacts and Accidental Algorithmic Art (2005)

While developing a program to render Voronoi diagrams, I accidentally produced a strange and surprising image. The unexpected behaviour turned out to be caused by a combination of reasons from signal processing and computer architecture. I describe the process that led to the pattern, explain its structure, and display many of the wonderful designs that can be produced from this and related techniques. 1.
Motion Planning for Nonholonomic Platforms in Dynamic Scenarios (2006)

Reference LSA-CONF-2006-023 Conference Web Site: http://www.iros2006.org/ Record created on 2006-12-07, modified on 2016-08-08
Analysis of Unreinforced Masonry Concrete Walls Strengthened with Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars (2005)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
Cooperating cancer-gene identification through oncogenic-retrovirus–induced insertional mutagenesis (2005)

Multiple cooperating mutations that deregulate different signaling pathways are required to induce cancer. Identifying these cooperating mutations is a prerequisite for developing better combinatorial therapies for treating cancer. Here we show that cooperating cancer mutations can be identified through oncogenic-retrovirus-induced insertional mutagenesis. Among 13 myeloid leukemias induced by transplanting into mice bone marrow cells infected in vitro with a replication-defective retrovirus carrying the Sox4 oncogene, 9 contained insertional mutations at known or suspected cancer genes. This likely occurred because rare bone marrow cells, in which the oncogenic retrovirus happened to integrate and in which it mutated a cooperating cancer gene, were selected because the host harbored a cooperating cancer mutation. Cooperativity between Sox4 and another gene, Mef2c, was subsequently confirmed in transplantation studies, in which deregulated Mef2c expression was shown to accelerate the myeloid leukemia induced by Sox4. Insertional mutagenesis of cooperating cancer genes by a defective oncogenic retrovirus provides a new method for identifying cooperating cancer genes and could aid in the development of better therapies for treating cancer.
Congestion control in HPR (2002)

High performance routing (HPR) is an enhancement to IBM's advanced peer to peer networking (APPN/sup TM/) protocol that improves its performance and reliability. In an HPR network, the rapid transport protocol (RTP) is used for end-to-end data transfer. RTP provides a reliable, in-order delivery service using a selective repeat protocol as the end-to-end error recovery mechanism. Additionally, RTP provides an end-to-end, adaptive rate-based (ARB) flow/congestion control mechanism that is designed to avoid congestion and maximize network stability. This paper describes the ARB algorithm. Simulation results are presented illustrating the behavior and the stability of the algorithm.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Methoxy‐1‐(phenylthio)cyclopropanes from Olefins via the Pummerer Rearrangement. (1988)

Abstract The cycloalkenes (I) react with phenylthiocarbene to give the phenylthiocyclopropanes (IIIb) ‐ (IIId).
Fully Printed Flexible and Reconfigurable Antenna With Novel Phase Change VO<inf>2</inf> Ink Based Switch (2018)

Vanadium dioxide (VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) is identified as an attractive phase change material which can be used for switchable or reconfigurable RF components. At present, VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> is deposited by expensive and complex thin film micro-fabrication techniques. With the surge in low cost, additively manufactured or printed components, it will be beneficial to print phase change materials or switches as well. However, these kinds of functional inks are not available commercially. In this work, we present, for the first time VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> based ink that changes its conductive properties based on temperature. Precisely, it displays insulating properties at room temperature (resistance of ~1.2KΩ in the off-state), but becomes conductive when heated around 70°C (resistance of <;10Ω in the on-state). Here, we demonstrate a fully printed thermally controlled reconfigurable antenna based on VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ink and a custom silver-organo-complex (SOC) ink supported on flexible kapton substrate. In a planar inversed F antenna (PIFA) configuration, when the switch is in the OFF state, the antenna operates at 3.5 GHz band for 5G communications, and when it is in the ON state, it operates at 2.4 GHz band suitable for WiFi, Bluetooth or Zigbee applications. The antenna performance is assessed in different bending conditions where it achieved a maximum gain of ~2 dBi at 3.2GHz with concave bending position.
RGB-D Object SLAM Using Quadrics for Indoor Environments (2020)

Indoor service robots need to build an object-centric semantic map to understand and execute human instructions. Conventional visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) systems build a map using geometric features such as points, lines, and planes as landmarks. However, they lack a semantic understanding of the environment. This paper proposes an object-level semantic SLAM algorithm based on RGB-D data, which uses a quadric surface as an object model to compactly represent the object's position, orientation, and shape. This paper proposes and derives two types of RGB-D camera-quadric observation models: a complete model and a partial model. The complete model combines object detection and point cloud data to estimate a complete ellipsoid in a single RGB-D frame. The partial model is activated when the depth data is severely missing because of illuminations or occlusions, which uses bounding boxes from object detection to constrain objects. Compared with the state-of-the-art quadric SLAM algorithms that use a monocular observation model, the RGB-D observation model reduces the requirements of the observation number and viewing angle changes, which helps improve the accuracy and robustness. This paper introduces a nonparametric pose graph to solve data associations in the back end, and innovatively applies it to the quadric surface model. We thoroughly evaluated the algorithm on two public datasets and an author-collected mobile robot dataset in a home-like environment. We obtained obvious improvements on the localization accuracy and mapping effects compared with two state-of-the-art object SLAM algorithms.
Correction: Spinel‐Layered Core‐Shell Cathode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries (2011)

Figure 3 in the above article contained an erroneous spectra in part b. The corrected figure is shown below in full: a–b) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) profiles of the core-shell (HSLiNi0.54 Co0.12 Mn0.34 O2) particles before etching (a) and after etching to depths of 5, 30, 60 and 90 nm (b). The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Neurosensory Sequelae of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (2013)

CME Educational Objectives 1. Understand the pathophysiology of neurosensory sequelae of mild traumatic brain injury. 2. Understand treatment options for the neurosensory sequelae of mild traumatic brain injury. 3. Understand the interactions of neurosensory sequelae in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. Historically, research to explore traumatic brain injury (TBI) has focused on blunt head trauma, particularly as associated with severe consequences. In this injury pattern, treatment focuses on initial life-saving measurements, intensive care in the hospital, and rehabilitating activities of daily living. 1,2 Far less attention has been focused on mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Effects of Symbol Transition Density on Tracking and Acquisition Performance of the Data Transition Tracking Loop at Low Signal-to-Noise Ratios (1996)

Effects of the data transition variation on the performance of the digital data transition tracking loop (DTTL) symbol synchronizer are addressed for symbol signal-to-noise ratios and window sizes of interest. The data transition variation will affect the DTTL performance by introducing an additional timing jitter that results in additional receiver loss. Numerical and simulation results for both tracking and acquisition are presented.
Iminocyclohexadienylidenes: Carbenes or Diradicals? The Hetero-Wolff Rearrangement of Benzotriazoles to Cyanocyclopentadienes and 1H-Benzo[b]azirines (2017)

The thermal rearrangements of benzotriazole 1 to fulvenimine 4 and 1H-benzazirine 7 are investigated at DFT and CASPT2 levels of theory. Ring opening of benzotriazole 1 to 2-diazo-cyclohexadienimine 2 followed by N<sub>2</sub> elimination affords Z- and E-2-iminocyclohexadienylidenes 3, which have triplet ground states (<sup>3</sup>A″). The open-shell singlet (OSS) (<sup>1</sup>A″) and closed-shell singlet (CSS) (<sup>1</sup>A') of 3 lie ∼15 and 40 kcal/mol higher in free energy, respectively. The OSS 3 (<sup>1</sup>A″) is best described as a 1,3-diradical, whereas the CSS (<sup>1</sup>A') has the character of a carbene. A hetero-Wolff rearrangement of OSS 3 yields fulvenimine 4, which is a precursor of cyanocyclopentadiene 5, with a calculated activation barrier of 38 kcal/mol at the CASPT2(8,8) level, whereby there is a surface crossing from the OSS to the CSS near the transition state. The barrier for cyclization to 1H-benzo[b]azirine 7 is only ∼13 kcal/mol. Therefore, reaction paths involving the singlet iminocyclohexadienylidene diradicals 3 will necessarily cause equilibration with 1H-benzazirine 7 prior to ring contraction to iminofulvene 4 and cyanocyclopentadiene 5, in agreement with experimental observations based on <sup>13</sup>C labeling. The thermolysis of 1-acetylbenzotriazole 7 leads to the analogous N-acetyl-diazocyclohexadienimines 8, N-acetyliminocyclohexadienylidene diradicals 9, and N-acetylfulvenimine 10. The E-N-acetyliminocyclohexadienylidene E9 ring closes to the N-acetyl-1H-benzazirine 11 prior to ring contraction to N-acetylfulvenimine 10, and the Z-N-acetyl-2-diazocyclohexadienimine Z8 ring closes to 2-methylbenzoxazole 12. 1H-benzazirines are predicted to be spectroscopically observable species.
Stress‐induced rearrangements of cellular networks: Consequences for protection and drug design (2007)

The complexity of the cells can be described and understood by a number of networks such as protein-protein interaction, cytoskeletal, organelle, signalling, gene transcription and metabolic networks. All these networks are highly dynamic producing continuous rearrangements in their links, hubs, network-skeleton and modules. Here we describe the adaptation of cellular networks after various forms of stress causing perturbations, congestions and network damage. Chronic stress decreases link-density, decouples or even quarantines modules, and induces an increased competition between network hubs and bridges. Extremely long or strong stress may induce a topological phase transition in the respective cellular networks, which switches the cell to a completely different mode of cellular function. We summarize our initial knowledge on network restoration after stress including the role of molecular chaperones in this process. Finally, we discuss the implications of stress-induced network rearrangements in diseases and ageing, and propose therapeutic approaches both to increase the robustness and help the repair of cellular networks.
Total synthesis of O-methylflavinantine (1969)

The diazotisation of 6,7-dimethoxy- and 7-ethoxy-6-methoxy-1-(2-amino-4,5-dimethoxybenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-methylisoquinoline (XIII) and (XVIII), followed by thermal decomposition of the resulting diazonium salt, gave O-methylflavinantine (VI), whose synthesis has proved structure (IV) for flavinantine to be correct.
Interleukin-4 Inhibits Caspase-3 by Regulating Several Proteins in the Fas Pathway during Initial Stages of Human T Helper 2 Cell Differentiation (2006)

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is the main cytokine that polarizes activated naïve CD4+ T cells in the T helper 2 (Th2) direction. IL-4 also regulates the subsequent stages of Th2 cell-mediated diseases, such as allergies. We conducted a proteomics study to identify IL-4-induced differences during the initial stages of T helper cell differentiation. Primary CD4+ T lymphocytes were isolated from human cord blood, activated through CD3 and CD28, and cultured in the presence or absence of IL-4. Soluble proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and visualized by staining with autoradiography, which indicated that at least 20 proteins might be regulated by IL-4. From this minimum of 20 stained proteins, altogether 35 proteins were identified using tandem mass spectrometry. Interestingly the fragmented form of GDP dissociation inhibitor expressed in lymphocytes/Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (Ly-GDI), a known target of Caspase-3, was observed to be down-regulated in IL-4-treated cells. It was shown in further studies that IL-4 decreases Caspase-3 activity and cell death in these cells. Neutralizing Fas-Fas ligand interaction led to decreased Caspase-3 activity and lowered Ly-GDI fragmentation. We further characterized the effects of IL-4 on the expression of main regulators in the Fas-mediated pathway. We demonstrated that IL-4 decreases expression of Fas receptor and increases expression of Bid, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL. Importantly IL-4 significantly up-regulated the short form of c-FLIP, although the levels of c-FLIP long were unaltered after IL-4 induction. Taken together, our results indicate that IL-4 inhibits caspase activity during the initial stages of human Th2 cell differentiation by regulating expression of several key players in the Fas-induced pathway.
Arteriography and interventional therapy for diseases of the hand. (1995)

Because the vessels of the hand are small and very responsive to stimuli, arteriography of the hand requires painstaking technique, temperature control, and sometimes vasodilator administration to produce sufficient radiographic detail. Twenty-five patients underwent arteriography of the hand, which was performed from a transfemoral approach to evaluate pathologic changes and the possibility of interventional treatment. Production of high-quality images by means of attention to technical factors particular to the hand permitted recognition of radiographic detail essential to diagnosis. Twelve patients had a history of trauma, and five patients had congenital lesions. In eight patients, atherosclerotic, vasospastic, or embolic arterio-occlusive disease was diagnosed. Interventional radiologic procedures such as thrombolysis, therapeutic embolization, and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty are important adjuvant or primary management options. Angiography of vascular hand lesions can yield high-quality diagnostic images when technical factors and physiologic variables are maximized. Differentiation between traumatic, congenital, and occlusive lesions is then possible.
Tree-Based Covariance Modeling of Hidden Markov Models (2006)

In this paper, we present a tree-based, full covariance hidden Markov modeling technique for automatic speech recognition applications. A multilayered tree is built first to organize all covariance matrices into a hierarchical structure. Kullback-Leibler divergence is used in the tree-building to measure inter-Gaussian distortion and successive splitting is used to construct the multilayer covariance tree. To cope with the data sparseness problem in estimating a full covariance matrix, we interpolate the diagonal covariance matrix of a leaf-node at the bottom of the tree with the full covariance of its parent and ancestors along the path up to the root node. The interpolation coefficients are estimated in the maximum likelihood sense via the EM algorithm. The interpolation is performed in three different parametric forms: 1) inverse covariance matrix, 2) covariance matrix, and 3) off-diagonal terms of the full covariance matrix. The proposed algorithm is tested in three different databases: 1) the DARPA resource management (RM), 2) the switchboard, and 3) a Chinese dictation. In all three databases, we show that the proposed tree-based full covariance modeling consistently performs better than the baseline diagonal covariance modeling. The algorithm outperforms other covariance modeling techniques, including: 1) the semi-tied covariance modeling (STC), 2) heteroscedastic linear discriminant analysis (HLDA), 3) mixtures of inverse covariance (MIC), and 4) direct full covariance modeling
Model Cellulose I Surfaces: A Review (2009)

Past work on model cellulose surfaces has most often used cellulose II or amorphous cellulose regenerated from solvents; natural cellulose I surfaces are generally rough and intractable. However, smooth cellulose I surfaces can be prepared using an aqueous colloidal suspension of cellulose I nanocrystals with suitable substrates. We review a number of ways to make flat, uniform films by solvent-casting, spin-coating, electrostatic adsorption, and Langmuir-Blodgett deposition. The methods to make cellulose I films with internal structure and surface orientation are compared and some applications of these model surfaces are discussed.
A Multicomponent Route to Functionalized Amides and Oxazolidinones (2017)

An organobase-mediated multicomponent reaction of unactivated esters, epoxides, and amines is reported, furnishing functionalized amide derivatives. A wide range of substrates are tolerated under the reaction conditions, including chiral epoxides, which react with no erosion of enantiopurity. Facile modification of the method through replacing the ester derivative with dimethyl carbonate enables access to the corresponding oxazolidinone derivatives.
Marker concentration patterns of labelled leaf and stem particles in the rumen of cattle grazing bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) analysed by reference to a raft model (2001)

Large (>1600 microm), ingestively masticated particles of bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.) leaf and stem labelled with 169Yb and 144Ce respectively were inserted into the rumen digesta raft of heifers grazing bermuda grass. The concentration of markers in digesta sampled from the raft and ventral rumen were monitored at regular intervals over approximately 144 h. The data from the two sampling sites were simultaneously fitted to two pool (raft and ventral rumen-reticulum) models with either reversible or sequential flow between the two pools. The sequential flow model fitted the data equally as well as the reversible flow model but the reversible flow model was used because of its greater application. The reversible flow model, hereafter called the raft model, had the following features: a relatively slow age-dependent transfer rate from the raft (means for a gamma 2 distributed rate parameter for leaf 0.0740 v. stem 0.0478 h(-1)), a very slow first order reversible flow from the ventral rumen to the raft (mean for leaf and stem 0.010 h(-1)) and a very rapid first order exit from the ventral rumen (mean of leaf and stem 0.44 h(-1)). The raft was calculated to occupy approximately 0.82 total rumen DM of the raft and ventral rumen pools. Fitting a sequential two pool model or a single exponential model individually to values from each of the two sampling sites yielded similar parameter values for both sites and faster rate parameters for leaf as compared with stem, in agreement with the raft model. These results were interpreted as indicating that the raft forms a large relatively inert pool within the rumen. Particles generated within the raft have difficulty escaping but once into the ventral rumen pool they escape quickly with a low probability of return to the raft. It was concluded that the raft model gave a good interpretation of the data and emphasized escape from and movement within the raft as important components of the residence time of leaf and stem particles within the rumen digesta of cattle.
ISOTOPIC MASS FRACTIONATION OF SOLAR WIND: EVIDENCE FROM FAST AND SLOW SOLAR WIND COLLECTED BY THEGENESISMISSION (2012)

NASA's Genesis space mission returned samples of solar wind collected over ∼2.3 years. We present elemental and isotopic compositions of He, Ne, and Ar analyzed in diamond-like carbon targets from the slow and fast solar wind collectors to investigate isotopic fractionation processes during solar wind formation. The solar wind provides information on the isotopic composition for most volatile elements for the solar atmosphere, the bulk Sun and hence, on the solar nebula from which it formed 4.6 Ga ago. Our data reveal a heavy isotope depletion in the slow solar wind compared to the fast wind composition by 63.1 ± 2.1‰ for He, 4.2 ± 0.5‰ amu−1 for Ne and 2.6 ± 0.5‰ amu−1 for Ar. The three Ne isotopes suggest that isotopic fractionation processes between fast and slow solar wind are mass dependent. The He/H ratios of the collected slow and fast solar wind samples are 0.0344 and 0.0406, respectively. The inefficient Coulomb drag model reproduces the measured isotopic fractionation between fast and slow wind. Therefore, we apply this model to infer the photospheric isotopic composition of He, Ne, and Ar from our solar wind data. We also compare the isotopic composition of oxygen and nitrogen measured in the solar wind with values of early solar system condensates, probably representing solar nebula composition. We interpret the differences between these samples as being due to isotopic fractionation during solar wind formation. For both elements, the magnitude and sign of the observed differences are in good agreement with the values predicted by the inefficient Coulomb drag model.