gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combining shearography and interferometric fringe projection in a single device for complete control of industrial applications (2013)

Noncontact optical measurement methods are essential tools in many industrial and research domains. A family of new noncontact optical measurement methods based on the polarization states splitting technique and monochromatic light projection as a way to overcome ambient lighting for in-situ measurement has been developed. Recent works on a birefringent element, a Savart plate, allow one to build a more flexible and robust interferometer. This interferometer is a multipurpose metrological device. On one hand the interferometer can be set in front of a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. This optical measurement system is called a shearography interferometer and allows one to measure microdisplacements between two states of the studied object under coherent lighting. On the other hand, by producing and shifting multiple sinusoidal Young’s interference patterns with this interferometer, and using a CCD camera, it is possible to build a three-dimensional structured light profilometer.
Development of a metrological atomic force microscope with a tip-tilting mechanism for 3D nanometrology (2018)

A metrological atomic force microscope with a tip-tilting mechanism (tilting-mAFM) has been developed to expand the capabilities of 3D nanometrology, particularly for high-resolution topography measurements at the surfaces of vertical sidewalls and for traceable measurements of nanodevice linewidth. In the tilting-mAFM, the probe tip is tilted from vertical to 16° at maximum such that the probe tip can touch and trace the vertical sidewall of a nanometer-scale structure; the probe of a conventional atomic force microscope cannot reach the vertical surface because of its finite cone angle. Probe displacement is monitored in three axes by using high-resolution laser interferometry, which is traceable to the SI unit of length. A central-symmetric 3D scanner with a parallel spring structure allows probe scanning with extremely low interaxial crosstalk. A unique technique for scanning vertical sidewalls was also developed and applied. The experimental results indicated high repeatability in the scanned profiles and sidewall angle measurements. Moreover, the 3D measurement of a line pattern was demonstrated, and the data from both sidewalls were successfully stitched together with subnanometer accuracy. Finally, the critical dimension of the line pattern was obtained.
Cdc42 regulates epithelial cell polarity and cytoskeletal function in kidney tubule development (2015)

The Rho GTPase Cdc42 regulates key signaling pathways required for multiple cell functions, including maintenance of shape, polarity, proliferation, migration, differentiation and morphogenesis. Although previous studies have shown that Cdc42 is required for proper epithelial development and maintenance, its exact molecular function in kidney development is not well understood. In this study, we define the specific role of Cdc42 during murine kidney epithelial tubulogenesis by deleting it selectively at the initiation of ureteric bud or metanephric mesenchyme development. Deletion in either lineage results in abnormal tubulogenesis, with profound defects in polarity, lumen formation and the actin cytoskeleton. Ultimately, these defects lead to renal failure. Additionally, in vitro analysis of Cdc42-null collecting duct cells shows that Cdc42 controls these processes by regulating the polarity Par complex (Par3-Par6-aPKC-Cdc42) and the cytoskeletal proteins N-Wasp and ezrin. Thus, we conclude that the principal role of Cdc42 in ureteric bud and metanephric mesenchyme development is to regulate epithelial cell polarity and the actin cytoskeleton.
ANewKaimanFiltering BasedDigital Distance Relay (1982)

formers Demonstrated was theineffectiveness ofhigh-voltage arrester protection ofthehigh-voltage winding fromthisphenomenon, and theeffectiveness ofprotection ofthesusceptible design byapplica tionofasuitably rated low-voltage arrester Susceptibility ofnoninterlaced shell-type designs can alsobere¬ ducedbyutilization ofincreased insulation betweenlayers inthe high-voltage windings, orfewer turnsperlayer, oranyotherdesign changes thatincreasetheinsulation or willreducethevoltage induced byanoninterlaced design Alsodemonstrated was thatsusceptibility ofa givenvoltage rating isrelated tothekVArating ofthetransformer or,more specifi¬ cally, tothevolts perturnthedesigner selects fora transformer Typically, thelarger thekVA, thehigher thevolts perturnexcitation andthelowerthevoltage stressesdeveloped inthehigh-voltage coil, ifall other parameters areunchanged Thediffering failure rates ofeachkVArating mayaccountforwhymanyutilities havenot detected thiseffect, because allkVA'soffailed transformers are often combined whenassessing failure ratesOurown experience withshell-type noninterlaced transformers isthatratings above50 kVAareimmune totheproblem Theinfluence ofvolts perturnon susceptibility tofailures has seriousimplications foranyfuture shell type noninterlaced designs, because ofthecurrenttrendofutilities towardsincreasing their evaluation ofcoreloss duetotherising costsoffuel andinvestment Increased core lossevaluation requires transformers withlower coreloss toachieve anoptimum design Themosteffective means ofsignificantly reducing core loss istoreduce thevolts perturn, thereby increasing turnsandleakage inductance Aswe see here, thissubstantially increasesthevoltage stresses induced inthehigh voltage coil duetolowsidesurgesTherefore, thetrend tolower core lossdesigns willtendto increasethesusceptibility tothis phenomena, unlesscorrected byinterlacing or othereffective measures Standard dielectric requirement tests arenotadequate inguard¬ ingagainst thisphenomenon thatispeculiar tothe240/120 volt connectionusedin NorthAmericaStandards-making bodies should recognize itanddetermine theappropriate design testsor requirements tominimizetheproblem Utilities can help byspon¬ soring field measurementsoflowsidesurges inordertobetter define a standard wave shape, itsmagnitude, andfrequency of occurrence
Some parasitic deflexions in parallel spring movements (1956)

This paper analyses some parasitic departures from parallel and rectilinear movement in simple and compound assemblies. The following factors are considered: accuracy of construction, geometrical proportions, spring variations, spring distortion, platform bending, clamp distortion, and gravity effects. It is shown that the "ideal" height at which to drive a parallel spring element is at half the spring height, and it is concluded that while spring tolerances are surprisingly "easy," care must be taken with the platforms and clamps if the highest performances are to be achieved.
Assessment of cooling methods for increased power density in electrical machines (2016)

A comprehensive thermal analysis of three different electrical machines is presented, with a view of identifying design aspects that can be exploited to achieve higher power density. A review of some novel cooling methods is initially made. Following this, the stator and rotor thermal resistance paths of the three selected machines are created and the individual components of each resistance path mathematically analysed to identify the parts of the machines that provide greatest potential to reduce stator and rotor temperatures. This is verified with a Design of Experiments analysis on the thermal resistance models of each. Finally, a different novel cooling method is applied to the model of each machine, demonstrating the typical temperature reductions that can be achieved.
Aromatic polyfluoro-compounds. Part XL. The preparation and some nucleophilic replacement reactions of 4,5,6,7-tetrafluorobenzo(b)-thiophen (1968)

Reaction of pentaflurorobenzaldehyde with rhodanine gave 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzylidenerhodanine; thence, by basic hydrolysis and a new intramolecular cyclisation, 4,5,6,7-tetrafluorobenzo[b]thiophen-2-carboxylic acid was prepared. Decarboxylation then afforded 4,5,6,7-tetrafluorobenzo[b]thiophen. 4,5,7-, 4,6,7-, and 5,6,7-Trifluorobenzo[b]thiophen were made by similar series of reactions from tetrafluorobenzaldehydes. Some nucleophilic replacement reactions with sodium methoxide, potassium hydroxide, and hydrazine hydrate at position 6 of the 4,5,6,7-tetrafluorobenzo[b]thiophen are described.
Mixed spectrum analysis in spatial context: Application to fMRI (2016)

In functional MRI (fMRI), the noise is often considered to have a fixed model of temporal autocorrelation. However, the correlation structure of brain voxels is generally unknown and varies due to the regional effects of neurogenic noises and pulsatile effects. In this paper, we apply mixed spectrum analysis to separate the discrete (task-related) spectrum and continuous (noise-related) spectrum of fMRI signals in task-related experiments, without assuming a fixed model for temporal autocorrelation. The purpose is to improve the detection of activation in periodic task-related fMRI data. We have also modified the M spectral estimator (MSPEC) method, generally applied on individual time-series, in order to incorporate contextual information in fRMI data. The contextual MSPEC (C-MSPEC) considerably reduces computation cost of the MSPEC algorithm. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the C-MSPEC method on both simulated and real task-related fMRI data.
Photodegradable Iron(III) Cross-Linked Alginate Gels (2012)

Biocompatible photoresponsive materials are of interest for targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering, 2D and 3D protein patterning, and other biomedical applications. We prepared light degradable hydrogels using a natural alginate polysaccharide cross-linked with iron(III) cations. The "hard" iron(III) cations used to cross-link the alginate hydrogel were found to undergo facile photoreduction to "soft" iron(II) cations in the presence of millimolar concentrations of sodium lactate. The "soft" iron(II) cations have a decreased ability to cross-link the alginate which results in dissolution of the hydrogel and the formation of a homogeneous solution. The photodegradation is done using long wave UV or visible light at neutral pH. The very mild conditions required for the photodegradation and the high rate at which it occurs suggest applications for iron(III) cross-linked alginate hydrogels as light-controlled biocompatible scaffolds.
07381 Abstracts Collection – Cryptography (2008)

From 16.09.2007 to 21.09.2007 the Dagstuhl Seminar 07381 ``Cryptography'' was held in the International Conference and Research Center (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general. Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available.
Conceptualising minimalism in socio-economic rights : : feature (2008)

By recognising the essential levels of the rights to food, health, housing and education, the concept of the core seeks to establish a minimum legal content for socio-economic rights.
Induction of cross-reactive HIV-1 specific antibody responses by engineered V1V2 immunogens with reduced conformational plasticity (2020)

Antibodies against the HIV-1 V1V2 loops were the only correlate of reduced infection risk in the RV144 vaccine trial, highlighting the V1V2 loops as promising targets for vaccine design. The V1V2 loops are structurally plastic, exhibiting either an α-helix-coil or β-strand conformation. V1V2-specific antibodies may thus recognize distinct conformations, and an antibody's conformational specificity can be an important determinant of breadth and function. Restricting V1V2 conformational plasticity in an immunogen may thus provide control over the conformational specificity and quality of a vaccine-elicited antibody response. Previously, we identified a V1V2 sequence variant (K155M) that results in enhanced recognition by cross-reactive antibodies recognizing the β-strand conformation. Here, we relate V1V2 antigenicity to immunogenicity by comparing the immunogenicity profiles of wildtype and K155M immunogens in two mouse models. In one model, immunization with gp70 V1V2 K155M but not wildtype elicited antibody responses that were cross-reactive to a panel of heterologous gp120 and gp140 antigens. In a second model, we compared the effect of K155M on immunogenicity in the context of gp70 V1V2, gD V1V2 and gp120, examining the effects of scaffold, epitope-focusing and immunization regimen. K155M variants, especially in the context of a gp120 immunogen, resulted in more robust, durable and cross-reactive antibody responses than wildtype immunogens. Restriction of the β-stranded V1V2 conformation in K155M immunogens may thus be associated with the induction of cross-reactive antibody responses thought to be required of a protective HIV-1 vaccine.
Vapor Phase Deposition Localized by Atomic Force Microscopy (2008)

Abstract not Available.
Study of the Density of States of a-InGaZnO Using Field-Effect Technique (2008)

This paper studies the density-of-localized gap states (DOS) for RF sputter amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO) as determined from temperature dependent study of the a-IGZO thin film transistor (TFT) electrical properties. Measurements were performed on inverted-staggered RF sputter a-IGZO TFTs. The drain current (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sub> ) versus the gate-to-source voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</sub> ) at different temperatures from 30degC up to 90degC were measured. Calculated DOS from the subthreshold regime appears to be low with a characteristic energy of about 110 meV. The DOS is larger and has a steeper slope with a characteristic energy of about 30 meV.
Processing and Performance of SiC/Blackglas™ CFCCs using Filament Winding (2008)

Silicon carbide/silicon-carboxide (SiC/SiCO) Continuous Fiber Ceramic Composite (CFCC) tubes with good quality have been manufactured using filament winding and preceramic polymer pyrolysis. The preceramic polymer used in this work is Blackglas™ (a siloxane polymer). A filament winding machine is designed to adapt to the brittle nature of the silicon carbide fibers and the relatively low temperature cure of the polymer. Seven reinfiltration/pyrolysis steps were necessary to reach a convergence by weight. CFCC parts have been successfully manufactured with processing times of about 8 days and densities of about 2.4 gm/cm3. Effects of infrared cure-on-the-fly and carbon coating of the ceramic fiber on the processing and performance of the manufactured CFCCs are studied, and is found that they greatly improve the quality and performance of the parts. Manufacturing guidelines for this processing technique are presented. The quality of manufactured parts were examined both microscopically and macroscopically. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to study the microstructure of the finished parts. Both room and high temperature C-ring tests in air were employed to assess the mechanical performance.
Patterns of failure after radiation therapy in primary spinal high-grade gliomas: A single institutional analysis (2022)

The prognosis of patients with spinal HGGs remains poor with two-thirds of the patients developing distant recurrence despite chemoradiation. Survival outcomes were similar in patients ≤ 29 years compared to adults > 29 years. A better understanding of the molecular drivers of spinal HGGs is needed to develop more effective treatment options.
Computer Science and Software Engineering: Splitting is the Wrong Solution (1992)

Many people, including some industry leaders, believe that computer science undergraduates are not well prepared for professional careers. This has prompted some in academia to propose a new undergraduate degree in software engineering to redress the situation. I believe this to be a mistake; it is treating the symptom, and diverts energy from solving the real problem. This article first discusses the costs to the field of splitting software engineering off as a separate field, and then tries to make a constructive suggestion for how to strengthen the computer science curriculum to respond to the legitimate criticisms of it.
Fluorescently Labeled PLGA Nanoparticles for Visualization In Vitro and In Vivo: The Importance of Dye Properties (2021)

Fluorescently labeled nanoparticles are widely used for evaluating their distribution in the biological environment. However, dye leakage can lead to misinterpretations of the nanoparticles' biodistribution. To better understand the interactions of dyes and nanoparticles and their biological environment, we explored PLGA nanoparticles labeled with four widely used dyes encapsulated (coumarin 6, rhodamine 123, DiI) or bound covalently to the polymer (Cy5.5.). The DiI label was stable in both aqueous and lipophilic environments, whereas the quick release of coumarin 6 was observed in model media containing albumin (42%) or liposomes (62%), which could be explained by the different affinity of these dyes to the polymer and lipophilic structures and which we also confirmed by computational modeling (log PDPPC/PLGA: DiI-2.3, Cou6-0.7). The importance of these factors was demonstrated by in vivo neuroimaging (ICON) of the rat retina using double-labeled Cy5.5/Cou6-nanoparticles: encapsulated Cou6 quickly leaked into the tissue, whereas the stably bound Cy.5.5 label remained associated with the vessels. This observation is a good example of the possible misinterpretation of imaging results because the coumarin 6 distribution creates the impression that nanoparticles effectively crossed the blood-retina barrier, whereas in fact no signal from the core material was found beyond the blood vessels.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Death Receptor Pathway Activation and Increase of ROS Production by the Triple Epigenetic Inhibitor UVI5008 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 53K&lt;/p&gt;
OPSM - Opportunistic Power Save Mode for Infrastructure IEEE 802.11 WLAN (2010)

We focus on the energy spent in radio communication by the stations (STAs) in an IEEE 802.11 infrastructure WLAN. All the STAs are engaged in web browsing, which is characterized by a short file downloads over TCP, with short duration of inactivity or think time in between two file downloads. Under this traffic, Static PSM (SPSM) performs better than CAM, since the STAs in SPSM can switch to low power state (sleep) during think times while in CAM they have to be in the active state all the time. In spite of this gain, performance of SPSM degrades due to congestion, as the number of STAs associated with the access point (AP) increases. To address this problem, we propose an algorithm, which we call opportunistic PSM (OPSM). We show through simulations that OPSM performs better than SPSM under the aforementioned TCP traffic. The performance gain achieved by OPSM over SPSM increases as the mean file size requested by the STAs or the number of STAs associated with the AP increases. We implemented OPSM in NS-2.33, and to compare the performance of OPSM and SPSM, we evaluate the number of file downloads that can be completed with a given battery capacity and the average time taken to download a file.
Percutaneous Intervention for Non–ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Within the Therapeutic Time Window for Acute Myocardial Infarction—Reply (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Sequential Equivalence Checking for Clock-Gated Circuits (2014)

Sequential logic synthesis often leads to substantially easier equivalence checking problems, compared to general-case sequential equivalence checking (SEC). This paper theoretically investigates when SEC can be reduced to a combinational equivalence checking (CEC) problem. It shows how the theory can be applied when sequential transforms are used, such as sequential clock gating, retiming, and redundancy removal. The legitimacy of such transforms is typically justified intuitively, by the designer or software developer believing that the two circuits reach the same state after a finite number of cycles, and no difference is observed at the outputs due to fanin non-controllability and fanout non-observability effects.
Non-linear propagation effects in optical fibres: numerical studies (1992)

The study of non-linear waves has always been associated with numerical analysis since the discovery of recurrence in non-linear systems (Fermi et al., 1955) and elastic soliton–soliton scattering (Zabusky and Kruskal, 1965). Since then the mathematics of non-linear wave equations has grown into the industry of inverse scattering and numerical analysis has developed a number of techniques for studying non-linear systems. Inverse scattering theory has given us much insight into integrable non-linear systems and has supplied many useful exact solutions of non-linear partial differential equations. Numerical analysis has mostly been used in the complementary field of non-integrable systems. Since most non-integrable systems of interest, in physics, are ‘close’ to integrable ones the combination of perturbation theory and numerical analysis provides a powerful tool for investigating such systems. In this chapter we will show through illustrative examples how simple concepts and enhanced understanding can be derived for complex non-linear problems through insight gained from numerical simulation. A good example of this is described in Section 4.6 where the concept of a ‘soliton phase’ emerges from numerical simulation; this is a particularly simple and useful concept enabling the design of a number of soliton switching systems.