gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of distinct fucosylated oligosaccharides and carbohydrate-mediated adhesion efficiency directed by two different alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferases. Comparison of E- and L-selectin-mediated adhesion. (1994)

Among five different human alpha 1 --> 3 fucosyltransferases cloned, fucosyltransferases III (Fuc-TIII) and IV (Fuc-TIV) differ significantly from each other. Fuc-TIII transfers a fucose to both sialylated and nonsialylated N-acetyllactosamine, but Fuc-TIV apparently transfers a fucose only to neutral N-acetyllactosamine. In this study, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were stably transfected with Fuc-TIII or Fuc-TIV, and the resultant cell lines, CHO-FTIII and CHO-FTIV, were compared for the carbohydrate structures and for their binding to E-selectin or L-selectin. CHO-FTIII and CHO-FTIV cells were labeled metabolically with [3H]galactose, and glycopeptides obtained from these cells were fractionated by serial lectin affinity chromatography. The fractionated glycopeptides were then subjected to various combinations of exoglycosidase treatment or endo-beta-galactosidase digestion. The results obtained can be summarized as follows. CHO-FTIII cells express sialyl Lewisx, Lewisx, and VIM-2 structures, whereas CHO-FTIV cells express only an Lex structure with a small amount of VIM-2 structure. When CHO-FTIII and CHO-FTIV cells were tested for adhesion to E-selectin expressed by tumor necrosis factor-activated endothelial cells and to an E-selectin chimeric protein, only CHO-FTIII cells were found to adhere well to E-selectin. Moreover, both CHO-FTIII and CHO-FTIV cells failed to adhere to an L-selectin chimeric protein. These results clearly indicate that FT-III and FT-IV direct distinctly different fucosylated oligosaccharides. This difference in oligosaccharide structures results in an entirely different efficiency in adhesion to E-selectin. The results also demonstrate that expression of sialyl Lex itself is not sufficient for L-selectin binding.
Genetic changes over breeding generations of Festulolium (2005)

Festulolium hybrids are a valuable breeding source for tolerance to abiotic stress and to make grass more persistent under drought and in cold environments. In 2004, the EU Commission enlarged the definition of Festulolium which may now include all hybrids between Lolium sp. and Festuca sp. and not only those between L. multiflorum and F. pratensis. We here report allele frequencies at two unlinked PCR-based marker loci in populations derived from tetraploid (2n=4x=28) L. multiflorum x F. glaucescens hybrids where breeding history enables us to test the effects of selection vs that of genetic drift.
Accumulation of Biogenic Amines in Foods: Hazard Identification and Control Options (2014)

Biogenic amines (BAs) are basic compounds of low molecular weight derived internally from plants, fruits, and vegetables. These organic bases can be divided into several groups according to their chemical structure-aromatic (tyramine and phenylethylamine), aliphatic (putrescine and cadaverine), or heterocyclic (histamine and tryptamine)—or in relation to the number of amino groups into monoamines (phenylethylamine and tyramine) and diamines (histamine, cadaverine, and putrescine). They can also be classied as volatile (phenylethylamine) and nonvolatile (histamine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermine, agmatine, tryptamine, and tyramine) BAs (EFSA, 2011). Figure 4.1 shows the chemical structures of the most important amines.
Integrated Tunneling Device for High Sensitive Sensor Applications (2006)

This paper describes an integrated tunneling sensor for applications of an electronic nose and a scanning probe microscope. Ultra-thin silicon dioxide having a thickness of ~2 nm is used as a material of the tunneling sensor. It provides much higher sensitivity in comparison with others sensing methods. The tunneling sensor is placed on a fixed edge where the maximum strain arises. As additional masses or forces are added to the surface of the cantilever, the thickness of the thin silicon dioxide layer is slightly decreased. By using exponential nature of electron tunneling dominated by the thickness of the silicon dioxide it can be used as an ultra-high sensitive sensor. The thin dioxide is fabricated by dry oxidation using a vertical furnace. The cantilever structures are defined by conventional MEMS technologies. Current density of the tunneling sensor is evaluated as a function of voltage and is compared with numerical analysis based on direct tunneling phenomena.
Design considerations in field-portable GC-based hyphenated instrumentation (2000)

The use of hyphenated GC-based methods in the development of portable chemical-monitoring instruments can offer considerable advantages to the instrument maker. Foremost among these advantages are specificity, speed, and lower costs. In this article, the authors describe the basis for achieving these advantages using examples of three prototype and breadboard instruments developed in their laboratories and give an extended theoretical discussion of the basis for what has been called “transfer-line GC” or TLGC. This TLGC approach to fixed pressure drop chromatography can be used to illustrate overall theoretical limitations of various approaches to high-speed GC for real-time monitoring applications. The three example instruments are a “roving” automated vapor sampling (AVS) TLGC/MS instrument, a breadboard AVS-TLGC/IMS (ion mobility spectrometry) instrument, and a breadboard AVS-TLGC/GC instrument. Discussion will include the application of TLGC theory to instrument design and will use example analyses that focus on the eventual application of this technology to the near real-time detection of highly toxic chemical vapors. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Field Analyt Chem Technol 4: 219–238, 2000
Vibratory communication signal produced by male western conifer seed bugs (Hemiptera: Coreidae) (2008)

Abstract We tested the hypothesis that the western conifer seed bug, Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, uses a substrate-borne vibratory signal for short-range communication. To record such a signal we used computers equipped with data-acquisition hardware and software, microphones sensitive to sonic and (or) ultrasonic frequencies, membrane-type and piezoelectric speakers capable of emitting sonic and ultrasonic sound, and piezoelectric devices capable of emitting low-level, low-frequency vibrations. By tapping their abdomen on substrate, males produced a wide-band vibratory signal 20 dB (sound pressure level; 0 dB = 20 µPa) above ambient sound, with dominant frequencies of 115 ± 10 and 175 ± 15 Hz and a distinct temporal pattern. There was no evidence for ( i ) ultrasonic signal components; ( ii ) signals produced by females or nymphs, or ( iii ) repeated trains of signal pulses. In two-choice arena experiments, males and females preferred the played-back recording of the male-produced substrate-borne signal over silent controls, whereas nymphs showed no preference for either stimulus. In two-choice dowel experiments with hickory wood or lodgepole pine crossbeams, females (unlike males or nymphs) preferred played-back recordings of the same signal over controls. In two-choice field experiments, this signal emitted in the air by piezoelectric devices or transferred through a wire to lodgepole pine branches attracted more L. occidentalis than did silent controls. Our data support the hypothesis that L. occidentalis uses a substrate-borne vibratory signal for short-range communication. The use of such a signal is consistent with reports on communication by other true bug species.
A Study on Service Migration in HTML5 based HTTP Streaming Environments (2011)

최근, W3C에서는 웹을 통해서 스트리밍 서비스뿐 만아니라 다양한 멀티미디어 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 기능을 포함한 HTML5에 대한 표준화가 추진 중이다. HTML5 이전의 웹 환경에서는 별도의 플러그인이 설치되어야 스트리밍 서비스를 이용할 수 있으나, HTML5 기반 웹 브라우저에서는 내장된 비디오 코덱을 이용하여 스트리밍 서비스를 직접 이용할 수 있다. 또한, 인터넷 방화벽에 의해 서비스되지 않는 RTP/UDP를 이용한 스트리밍 대신 HTTP/TCP를 이용하여 적응적으로 스트리밍하는 기술이 표준화 중이다. 본 논문에서는 현재 표준이 이루어지고 있는 HTML5 기반 적응적 HTTP 스트리밍 환경에서 스트리밍 서비스 세션 이동성을 보장할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다. 제안된 알고리듬과 구조를 이용하여 다양한 단말들 사이에 미디어 흐름, 미디어 흐름 제어, 세션 제어를 전달할 수 있도록 자바스크립트 언어로 모델링 및 구현하였으며 다양한 실험을 통하여 다양한 단말 간 HTTP 스트리밍 서비스를 효과적으로 전달할 수 있음을 보였다. Recently, the W3C has developed the HTML 5 standard to provide various multimedia services as well as a web based streaming. HTML5 based web browsers with the built-in video codecs can be used directly for streaming services, though previous web browsers should contain playback plug-in for streaming services. In addition, an adaptive streaming technology using HTTP/TCP has been standardized, since an Internet firewall does not support RTP/UDP streaming protocol but HTTP/TCP streaming protocol. In this paper, we propose the service migration mechanism among various devices in the HTML5-based adaptive HTTP streaming environments. The proposed algorithm and architecture were modeled for migrating media flows, media flow control, and session control and implemented using JavaScript. Finally, we showed that the proposed mechanism was effective to migrate HTTP streaming service among various devices by performing several experiments.
Reporting Guidelines, Review of Methodological Standards, and Challenges Toward Harmonization in Bone Marrow Adiposity Research. Report of the Methodologies Working Group of the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (2020)

The interest in bone marrow adiposity (BMA) has increased over the last decade due to its association with, and potential role, in a range of diseases (osteoporosis, diabetes, anorexia, cancer) as well as treatments (corticosteroid, radiation, chemotherapy, thiazolidinediones). However, to advance the field of BMA research, standardization of methods is desirable to increase comparability of study outcomes and foster collaboration. Therefore, at the 2017 annual BMA meeting, the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (BMAS) founded a working group to evaluate methodologies in BMA research. All BMAS members could volunteer to participate. The working group members, who are all active preclinical or clinical BMA researchers, searched the literature for articles investigating BMA and discussed the results during personal and telephone conferences. According to the consensus opinion, both based on the review of the literature and on expert opinion, we describe existing methodologies and discuss the challenges and future directions for (1) histomorphometry of bone marrow adipocytes, (2) <i>ex vivo</i> BMA imaging, (3) <i>in vivo</i> BMA imaging, (4) cell isolation, culture, differentiation and <i>in vitro</i> modulation of primary bone marrow adipocytes and bone marrow stromal cell precursors, (5) lineage tracing and <i>in vivo</i> BMA modulation, and (6) BMA biobanking. We identify as accepted standards in BMA research: manual histomorphometry and osmium tetroxide 3D contrast-enhanced μCT for <i>ex vivo</i> quantification, specific MRI sequences (WFI and H-MRS) for <i>in vivo</i> studies, and RT-qPCR with a minimal four gene panel or lipid-based assays for <i>in vitro</i> quantification of bone marrow adipogenesis. Emerging techniques are described which may soon come to complement or substitute these gold standards. Known confounding factors and minimal reporting standards are presented, and their use is encouraged to facilitate comparison across studies. In conclusion, specific BMA methodologies have been developed. However, important challenges remain. In particular, we advocate for the harmonization of methodologies, the precise reporting of known confounding factors, and the identification of methods to modulate BMA independently from other tissues. Wider use of existing animal models with impaired BMA production (e.g., <i>Pfrt</i><sup>-/-</sup>, Kit<sup>W/W-v</sup>) and development of specific BMA deletion models would be highly desirable for this purpose.
Flow through porous media of a shear‐thinning liquid with yield stress (1987)

Abstract Darcy's law for the laminar flow of Newtonian fluids through porous media has been modified to a more general form which will describe the flow through porous media of fluids whose flow behavior can be characterized by the Herschel‐Bulkley model. The model covers the flow of homogeneous fluids with a yield value and a power law flow behavior. Experiments in packed beds of sand were carried out with solutions of paraffin wax in two oils and with a crude oil from the Peace River area of Canada. The model fitted the data well. A sensitivity analysis of the fitting parameters showed that the model fit was very sensitive to errors in the flow behavior index, n , of the Herschel‐Bulkley model. A comparison of the “n” values calculated from viscometer measurements and from flow measurements agreed well. A more general Reynolds number for flow through porous media, which includes a fluid yield value, was developed. The data were fitted to a Kozeny‐Carman type equation using this Reynolds number. The constant in the Kozeny‐Carman equation was determined for the two packed beds studied using Newtonian oils. The data could all be represented, within the experimental error, by the relationship f * = 150/Re * . Since the mean volume to surface diameter of the packing was determined by the measurement of its permeability to a Newtonian oil, assuming C' = 150, the new definition of the Reynolds number allows the direct use of the Kozeny‐Carman equation with Herschel‐Bulkley type fluids.
Performance of longitudinal-mode KD*P Pockels cells with transparent conductive coatings (1991)

Transparent conductive coatings of indium tin oxide have been deposited onto KD*P crystals using an ion-assisted deposition process. Three devices have been fabricated with gold rings for electrical contacting. The devices have been tested optically and electrically, and the damage thresholds of the coatings have been measured. A device was used as the Q-switch in a pulsed Nd:YLF laser.
[Evaluation of reticulocyte hemoglobin content, percentage of hypochromic red blood cells, and ratio of serum transferrin receptor level/serum iron level as markers of iron-deficiency erythropoiesis in patients undergoing hemodialysis]. (2002)

(1) In assessing the iron metabolic status of dialysis patients, CHr, %HRC, and sTfR/Fe were unique indices compared with the ordinary indices, particularly in diagnosing the functional iron deficiency state. (2) CHr was a valuable marker of iron deficiency anemia and could predict the degree of increase in Hb level following iron supplementation. (3) The %HRC and sTfR/Fe seemed to reflect both erythropoiesis induced by rHuEPO and the iron supply to erythropoietic cells.
A 2.5D Elastic Wave Modeling Algorithm Using Near-optimal Quadratures (2016)

Summary We present a two-and-half dimensional (2.5D) finite-difference algorithm to model the elastic wave propagation in heterogeneous media. In 2.5D problems, it is assumed that the elastic properties of models are invariant along a certain direction. Therefore, we can convert the three-dimensional (3D) problem into a set of two-dimensional (2D) problems in the spectral domain. The 3D solutions are then obtained by applying a numerical integration in the spectral domain. Usually the quadrature points used in the numerical integration scheme are sampled from the real axis in the spectral domain. The convergence of this quadrature can be very slow especially at high frequencies. In this work, we apply the optimal quadrature scheme for the spectral integration. This is equivalent to transform the contour of integration from the real axis into a path in the complex plane. Numerical studies show more than ten times of reduction in the number of quadrature points compared with sampling along the real axis in the spectral domain. This scheme alleviates the bottleneck of computing speed in the 2.5D elastic wave modeling. Furthermore, it can improve the computational efficiency of 2.5D elastic full waveform inversion algorithms.
iGlarLixi Reduces Glycated Hemoglobin to a Greater Extent Than Basal Insulin Regardless of Levels at Screening: Post Hoc Analysis of LixiLan-L (2017)

Sanofi.
Fetal cytomegalovirus infection of the brain: the spectrum of sonographic findings. (2003)

The presence of the described sonographic findings, particularly if two or more are present in the same fetus, is an indication for CMV investigation.
Moving markup (2002)

Freeform digital ink annotation allows readers to interact with documents in an intuitive and familiar manner. Such marks are easy to manage on static documents, and provide a familiar annotation experience. In this paper, we describe an implementation of a freeform annotation system that accommodates dynamic document layout. The algorithm preserves the correct position of annotations when documents are viewed with different fonts or font sizes, with different aspect ratios, or on different devices. We explore a range of heuristics and algorithms required to handle common types of annotation, and conclude with a discussion of possible extensions to handle special kinds of annotations and changes to documents.
Slackia (2015)

Abstract Slack'ia. N.L. fem. n. named to honor Geoffrey Slack, distinguished British microbiologist and dental researcher. Cells are Gram‐stain‐positive cocci, coccobacilli, or short bacilli , which are obligately anaerobic , nonmotile, and do not produce endospores. Arginine is hydrolyzed ; catalase, urease, and indole are not produced and esculin is not hydrolyzed. Acid is not produced from sugars . Metabolic end products from glucose are either acetate or not detectable . DNA G + C content ( mol %): 60–64 (HPLC). Type species : Slackia exigua Wade, Downes, Dymock, Hiom, Weightman, Dewhirst, Paster, Tzellas and Coleman 1999, 598 VP . Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Slackia is: correct name (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Bacteria / Bacillati / Actinomycetota / Coriobacteriia / Eggerthellales / Eggerthellaceae / Slackia The genus Slackia can also be recovered in the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) as g__Slackia (version v220) ** . GTDB classification: d__Bacteria / p__Actinomycetota / c__Coriobacteriia / o__Coriobacteriales / f__Eggerthellaceae / g__Slackia * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of BO-1341, a new antipseudomonal cephalosporin (1989)

BO-1341, a new antipseudomonal semisynthetic cephalosporin, was evaluated for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities in comparison with ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and cefoperazone. The in vitro activity of BO-1341 was generally superior or comparable to the activities of the reference antibiotics against clinical isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae. BO-1341 was highly active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC for 90% of the strains tested, 1.56 micrograms/ml), Pseudomonas maltophilia (MIC for 50% of the strains tested, 1.56 micrograms/ml), and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (MIC for 90% of the strains tested, 3.13 micrograms/ml). Furthermore, BO-1341 was highly active against P. aeruginosa isolates resistant to the other antibiotics. Of 199 P. aeruginosa isolates tested, only 2 were resistant to BO-1341. These two strains were also resistant to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and cefoperazone. Haemophilus influenzae, Branhamella catarrhalis, and nonenteric streptococci were also susceptible to BO-1341, but Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Bacteroides fragilis were not susceptible to the compound. The protective efficacy against experimental infections in mice caused by nine strains of gram-negative bacteria, including P. aeruginosa, reflected the potent in vitro activity.
Interferons in Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury: Current Evidence for Translational Application (2018)

This review article provides a general perspective of the experimental and clinical work surrounding the role of type-I, type-II, and type-III interferons (IFNs) in the pathophysiology of brain and spinal cord injury. Since IFNs are themselves well-known therapeutic targets (as well as pharmacological agents), and anti-IFNs monoclonal antibodies are being tested in clinical trials, it is timely to review the basis for the repurposing of these agents for the treatment of brain and spinal cord traumatic injury. Experimental evidence suggests that IFN-α may play a detrimental role in brain trauma, enhancing the pro-inflammatory response while keeping in check astrocyte proliferation; converging evidence from genetic models and neutralization by monoclonal antibodies suggests that limiting IFN-α actions in acute trauma may be a suitable therapeutic strategy. Effects of IFN-β administration in spinal cord and brain trauma have been reported but remain unclear or limited in effect. Despite the involvement in the inflammatory response, the role of IFN-γ remains controversial: although IFN-γ appears to improve the outcome of traumatic spinal cord injury, genetic models have produced either beneficial or detrimental results. IFNs may display opposing actions on the injured CNS relative to the concentration at which they are released and strictly dependent on whether the IFN or their receptors are targeted either via administration of neutralizing antibodies or through genetic deletion of either the mediator or its receptor. To date, IFN-α appears to most promising target for drug repurposing, and monoclonal antibodies anti IFN-α or its receptor may find appropriate use in the treatment of acute brain or spinal cord injury.
The cerebrospinal fluid CD4/CD8 ratio and interleukin‐6 and ‐10 levels in neurosarcoidosis: a multicenter, pragmatic, comparative study (2019)

The CSF CD4/CD8 ratio and IL-6 concentration are increased in neurosarcoidosis compared to MS and other inflammatory disorders. A CSF IL-6 concentration >50 pg/ml is associated with relapse or progression of neurosarcoidosis. IL-10 levels may be elevated in neurosarcoidosis.
Seeding Effect of Nano-CaCO3 on the Hydration of Tricalcium Silicate (2010)

A previous study indicated that the early hydration and strength development of ordinary portland cement (OPC) delayed by the presence of high volumes of supplementary cementitious materials were compensated for by the accelerating effect of nano-CaCO 3 . The mechanism responsible for the accelerating effect on the early hydration and strength development was, however, not fully understood. A study aimed at understanding the accelerating mechanism of the addition of nano-CaCO 3 on the hydration of tricalcium silicate (C 3 S) is presented in this paper. A comparison with the addition of micro-CaCO 3 was made. The hydration mechanism of C 3 S with the addition of micro- or nano-CaCO 3 was studied by conduction calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The conduction calorimetry results indicated that the addition of nano-CaCO 3 had an accelerating effect on the hydration of C 3 S as well as on the hydration of OPC. Furthermore, the induction period of C 3 S hydration was significantly shortened by the addition of nano-CaCO 3 . The results of the thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the amount of nano-CaCO 3 decreased as the hydration of C 3 S took place; the decrease was greater with the hydration of OPC. The scanning electron microscopy revealed that the accelerating mechanism in the presence of micro-CaCO 3 was considerably different from that of nano-CaCO 3 . Calcium silicate hydrate growth was observed around the nano-CaCO 3 particles. The observation suggested that the seeding effect due to the addition of nano-CaCO 3 was responsible for the accelerating effect on the hydration of C 3 S.