gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New wavelet-based features for the recognition of jittered and stagger PRI modulation types (2015)

In dense electronic warfare environments, numerous emitters can be active simultaneously and an interleaved stream of pulses in natural time of arrival order is received by the Electronic Support Measures (ESM) receiver. It is the task of the ESM system to de-interleave this mixed pulse sequence and thus to identify the surrounding threatening emitters. In this processing, pulse repetition interval (PRI) modulation recognition has a significant role due to the fact that it can reveal the hidden patterns inside pulse repetition intervals and thus help identify the emission source and its functional purpose. In this paper, we propose new wavelet-based features for the recognition of jittered and stagger PRI modulation types. The recognition of these types are heavily based on histogram features. Experimental results show that the proposed feature set have very high recognition rates and outperform histogram based methods.
A New Method for the Relief of Annular Heat-Up Pressures (1993)

ABSTRACT Annulus fluid heat-up during production often causes high burst/collapse stresses, particularly in subsea wells where the annuli may be sealed. Various means have been tried to overcome the problem, but all suffer from problems of either high cost, potential unreliability or operational restrictions. This paper describes a new method for annular pressure relief, using a crushable foam wrap enclosing the top few joints of the inner string of the sealed annulus. The method is cheap, practical and effective in all cases.
Fluid Catalytic Cracking of Biomass-Derived Oils and Their Blends with Petroleum Feedstocks: A Review (2012)

To reduce the carbon footprint and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with heavy crude oil/bitumen upgrading and refining in the production of clean transportation fuels, researchers are targeting the production of fuels from renewable energy resources. These resources are mainly biomass-derived oils, which include oils produced by biomass pyrolysis (bio-oil), edible and inedible vegetable oils, and animal fats. Over the past 2 decades, research has focused on the evaluation of biomass-derived oil processing using conventional fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), a technology responsible for producing the majority of gasoline in a petroleum refinery. The present review summarizes research associated with the FCC of various biomass-derived oil feedstocks as well as studies related to the co-processing of these oils with conventional petroleum feedstocks. The objective of this review is to present a comprehensive perspective of the effects of renewable oil processing on existing FCC technology, operation, catalysts, and product quality and quantity.
Z-touch (2010)

Sensing the depth (distance from the surface) of fingers/hands near a tabletop is very important. It allows us to use three-dimensional (3D) gesture interaction in multi-touch applications as we do in the real world. We introduce Z-touch, a multi-touch table that can sense the approximate postures of fingers or hands in the proximity of the tabletop's surface. Z-touch uses a vision-based posture sensing system. Multilayered infrared (IR) laser planes are synchronized with shutter signals from a high-speed camera, which captures each layer of the laser images. A depth map is obtained by using the captured image. Our prototype works at ~30 fps. Z-touch not only uses with the finger/hand contact points but also the angle of the hovering fingers. The interaction with the finger angles is unique and allows users to control multiple parameters by using a single finger. In this study, we introduce the principle of the method of finger detection and its applications (e.g., drawing, map zooming viewer, Bezier curve control).
Statistical Characterization of Surface Reflectance (2014)

The classification of surface reflectance functions as diffuse, specular, and glossy has been introduced by Heckbert more than two decades ago. Many rendering algorithms are dependent on such a classification, as different kinds of light transport will be handled by specialized methods, for example caustics require specular bounce or refraction. Due to the increasing wealth of surface reflectance models including those based on measured data, it has not been possible to keep such a characterization simple. Each surface reflectance model is mostly handled separately, or alternatively, the rendering algorithm restricts itself to the use of some subset of reflectance models. We suggest a characterization for arbitrary surface reflectance representation by standard statistical tools, namely normalized variance known as Squared-Coefficient-of-Variation (SCV).We show by videos that there is even a weak perceptual correspondence with the proposed reflectance characterization, when we use monochromatic surface reflectance and the images are normalized so they have the unit albedo.
A novel double floating-gate unified memory device (2012)

A novel double floating-gate unified memory device is experimentally demonstrated for the first time. The device can be used to store both volatile and nonvolatile memory states simultaneously. Simulations of scaled devices show that the device offers several advantages compared to conventional memory devices. Such a device could have a dramatic impact on next generation memory architectures.
The art of signaling: fifty years of coding theory (1998)

In 1948 Shannon developed fundamental limits on the efficiency of communication over noisy channels. The coding theorem asserts that there are block codes with code rates arbitrarily close to channel capacity and probabilities of error arbitrarily close to zero. Fifty years later, codes for the Gaussian channel have been discovered that come close to these fundamental limits. There is now a substantial algebraic theory of error-correcting codes with as many connections to mathematics as to engineering practice, and the last 20 years have seen the construction of algebraic-geometry codes that can be encoded and decoded in polynomial time, and that beat the Gilbert-Varshamov bound. Given the size of coding theory as a subject, this review is of necessity a personal perspective, and the focus is reliable communication, and not source coding or cryptography. The emphasis is on connecting coding theories for Hamming and Euclidean space and on future challenges, specifically in data networking, wireless communication, and quantum information theory.
The hepatic uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA is strongly correlated with the uptake of Gd-BOPTA (2010)

O. Dahlqvist Leinhard, N. Dahlstrom, P. Sandstrom, J. Kihlberg, T. Brismar, O. Smedby, and P. Lundberg Faculty of Health Sciences/IMH, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden, Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden, Dep. of Surgery, Linkoping University Hospital, Radiology, Linkoping University Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, Radiation Physics, Linkoping University Hospital
[One case of the basilar invagination that prevented tracheal intubation by Airway Scope]. (2009)

Airway Scope (AWS, Pentax, Tokyo, Japan) is a very useful intubation assistance tool in the case where intubation is difficult with normal Macintosh laryngoscope. In this case, the operation was planned by general anesthesia in a patient with basilar invagination. We decided to intubate the patient using AWS because difficult tracheal intubation was expected. However, glottis was not confirmed even with AWS in the oral cavity, and we could not intubate with AWS. Therefore, we used a fiberscope, and endotracheal intubation was successful.
Volatile constituents of Boswellia serrata Roxb. (Burseraceae) bark (2002)

Abstract The composition of the essential oil of Boswellia serrata obtained by hydrodistillation of the bark of B. serrata was determined by the use of GC and GC–MS. Thirty‐five constituents were identified by their retention (Kováts) indices on Cpsil 5 and by their mass spectra. The essential oil of B. serrata predominantly comprised monoterpenoids, of which α‐pinene (73.3%) was the major constituent. Other monoterpenoids identified included β‐pinene (2.05%), cis ‐verbenol (1.97%), trans –pinocarveol (1.80%), borneol (1.78%), myrcene (1.71%), verbenone (1.71%), limonene (1.42%), thuja‐2,4(10)‐diene (1.18%) and p ‐cymene (1.0%), while α‐copaene (0.13%) was the only sesquiterpene identified in the oil. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Molecular Orientation and Optical Properties of 3,3′-Diethylthiatricarbocyanine Iodide Adsorbed to Gold Surfaces: Consequences for Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy (2015)

3,3′-Diethylthiatricarbocyanine iodide (DTTC) is an important near-infrared Raman reporter and fluorescence marker showing high potential for biomedical imaging. It is commonly assumed that the dye molecules retain their monomeric optical properties when adsorbed to gold surfaces, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) experiments are typically designed to take optimal advantage of the monomer resonance enhancement using 785 nm light. To test this assumption, we investigated the optical properties of DTTC iodide thin films on transparent gold substrates using polarized and angle-dependent UV–vis spectroscopy. The surface absorption spectra demonstrate that DTTC molecules form strongly coupled dimers on gold surfaces, with blue-shifted absorption bands where the transition dipole moment is aligned parallel to the metal surface. These results clarify inconsistencies encountered in recent SERS experiments and suggest ways to enhance signal quality in DTTC-based biomedical imaging.
Understanding Texture Evolution in Nanocrystalline Nickel Films. (2011)

Abstract not provided.
Automated Planning for Open Architectures (2000)

Abstract – End-to-end connections experience a high level of diversity in network characteristics. At one extreme, an application may receive highly degraded service, leaving the application unusable. At another extreme, the costs to guarantee some level of service may be undesirably high to the user or overall system. Open architecture networks help applications push adaptation technology into the network and reduce the effects of poor network characteristics. Automated planning is important for the services that are supported by the open architecture. The remedies that modify an application’s data stream to adjust it to unfavorable network conditions should be located and ordered to provide good data transfer and network resources use. The search for good plans is a hard AI problem and requires additional research. Index Terms—adaptation, active networks, planning. I.
3-D Modelling Study of Borehole-seafloor Marine CSEM for Shallow Water Case (2009)

In a sedimentary basin, the resistivity contrast across the sea bed is small, which improves the coupling of vertical electric dipole (VED) transmitters and motivates us to look for non-traditional survey geometries. We have found that Borehole-Seafloor C
Monolithically Integrated Extended Cavity Diode Laser with 32 kHz 3 dB Linewidth Emitting at 1064 nm (2022)

Abstract The spectral linewidth of semiconductor lasers is a crucial performance parameter in a growing number of applications. A common method to improve the coherence of the laser relies on increasing the optical cavity length by an extended section without gain material. Here, this extended cavity diode laser (ECDL) concept is realized in a monolithic device at 1064 nm wavelength. This is accomplished by applying a two‐step epitaxy in the aluminum gallium arsenide material system to selectively remove the active layers in a specific section of the chip. The extended passive section decreases the 3 dB linewidth to 32 kHz at 1 ms integration time. A direct comparison between the performance of the monolithic ECDL and a distributed Bragg reflector laser from the same wafer demonstrates the feasibility of the approach. The results in terms of frequency noise, side mode suppression ratio, injection current threshold, and slope efficiency show that the passive section reduces the laser linewidth while the additional interfaces within the laser cavity created by the manufacturing process do not deteriorate the electro‐optical properties or frequency stability. This opens the possibility for the realization of gallium arsenide based photonic integrated circuits by monolithically combining active and low‐loss passive waveguides.
Petrography of beneficiated heat altered coals from damodar valley coalfields, India (2010)

In Indian coalfields huge amount of naturally baked coals occur in various parts of the country and do not find judicious utilization potential in industries due to heterogeneously intermixed mineral matters with organic matrix. The macerals and their heat altered products occur in the form of isotropic and anisotropic carbons in association of some proportions of partially unaltered macerals. This ratio changes in different seams based on quality of original coal, tectonic conditions and pressure-temperature conditions prevailing in the coal seams during magma induration in the form of concordant sills and discordant dykes. In the present paper two case studies have been presented having different types of parent coals to observe the potential of beneficiation techniques for liberation of mineral matters and different carbon forms. In one case study Burragarh colliery in Jharia Coalfield having coking coal derived natural cokes and in another case samples were drawn from Damagoria colliery, which inhabits semi-coking coals. In the washed fractions at 50,25,13,06,03,0.5 mm at specific gravities 1.40 to 2.0, detailed petrographic studies including microtextures and microstructures were carried. Yield of washed coals and contents of macerals in both the case studies were found different. As a result their industrial utilization potential is also different.
Efficacy of sonography as a guidance technique for biopsy of abdominal, pelvic, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. (1996)

Sonography is an accurate and safe guidance technique for lymph node biopsies in the abdomen, pelvis, and retroperitoneum. This technique is efficacious for deep nodes as small as 1 cm in diameter. The advantages of sonography over CT include no need for ionizing radiation, portability, shorter procedure time, and real-time visualization of the needle throughout the procedure. These advantages, and the fact that sonography costs less than CT, suggest that sonography is a more appropriate guidance technique in this era of cost containment.
Autocatalytic closure and the evolution of cellular information processing networks (2009)

Cellular Information Processing Networks (CIPNs) are chemical networks of interacting molecules occurring in living cells. Through complex molecular interactions, CIPNs are able to coordinate critical cellular activities in response to internal and external stimuli. We hypothesise that CIPNs may be abstractly regarded as subsets of collectively autocatalytic (i.e., organisationally closed) reaction networks. These closure properties would subsequently interact with the evolution and adaptation of CIPNs capable of distinct information processing abilities. This hypothesis is motivated by the fact that CIPNs may require a mechanism enabling the self-maintenance of core components of the network when subjected to internal and external perturbations and during cellular divisions. Indeed, partially replicated or defective CIPNs may lead to the malfunctioning and premature death of the cell.&#13;\n&#13;\nIn this thesis, we evaluate different existing computational approaches to model and evolve chemical reaction networks in silico. Following this literature review, we propose an evolutionary simulation platform capable of evolving artificial CIPNs from a bottom-up perspective. This system is a novel agent-based Artificial Chemistry (AC) which employs a term rewriting system called the Molecular Classifier System (MCS.bl). The latter is derived from the Holland broadcast language formalism.&#13;\n&#13;\nOur first series of experiments focuses on the emergence and evolution of selfmaintaining molecular organisations in the MCS.bl. Such experiments naturally relate to similar studies conducted in ACs such as Tierra, Alchemy and &amp;#x3b1;-universes. Our results demonstrate some counter-intuitive outcomes, not indicated in previous literature. We examine each of these “unexpected” evolutionary dynamics (including an elongation catastrophe phenomenon) which presented various degenerate evolutionary trajectories. To address these robustness and evolvability issues, we evaluate several model variants of the MCS.bl. This investigation illuminates the key properties required to allow the self-maintenance and stable evolution of closed reaction networks in ACs. We demonstrate how the elongation catastrophe phenomenon can be prevented using a multi-level selectional model of the MCS.bl (which acts both at the molecular and cellular level). Using this multi-level selectional MCS.bl which was implemented as a parallel system, we successfully evolve an artificial CIPN to perform a simple pre-specified information processing task. We also demonstrate how signalling crosstalk may enable the cooperation of distinct closed CIPNs when mixed together in the same reaction space. We finally present the evolution of closed crosstalking and multitasking CIPNs exhibiting a higher level of complexity.
Understanding the structural basis of substrate recognition by Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V to aid in the design of potent inhibitors (2016)

Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V (PfPMV) is an essential aspartic protease required for parasite survival, thus, considered as a potential drug target. This study reports the first detailed structural analysis and molecular dynamics simulation of PfPMV as an apoenzyme and its complexes with the substrate PEXEL as well as with the inhibitor saquinavir. The presence of pro-peptide in PfPMV may not structurally hinder the formation of a functionally competent catalytic active site. The structure of PfPMV-PEXEL complex shows that the unique positions of Glu179 and Gln222 are responsible for providing the specificity of PEXEL substrate with arginine at P3 position. The structural analysis also reveals that the S4 binding pocket in PfPMV is occupied by Ile94, Ala98, Phe370 and Tyr472, and therefore, does not allow binding of pepstatin, a potent inhibitor of most pepsin-like aspartic proteases. Among the screened inhibitors, the HIV-1 protease inhibitors and KNI compounds have higher binding affinities for PfPMV with saquinavir having the highest value. The presence of a flexible group at P2 and a bulky hydrophobic group at P3 position of the inhibitor is preferred in the PfPMV substrate binding pocket. Results from the present study will aid in the design of potent inhibitors of PMV.
Improving Ce3+doped scintillating materials for medical imaging applications (2013)

Ce:LYSO (Lu<sub>1.90</sub>Y<sub>0.1</sub>SiO<sub>5:</sub>Ce) single crystals were prepared by the Czochralski technique. We report some effects of the X-ray irradiation on the shape of the emission spectra. For instance a large decrease of the longest wavelength emission (at about 500 nm) is observed with an increase of the light yield after one hour under X-ray irradiation. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) evidences no change in the two cerium site occupancy along with the irradiation time. A mechanism taking into account the evolution of the oxygen vacancies as neighbors of Ce<sup>3+</sup> ions is proposed.
Microorifice-Based High-Yield Cell Fusion on Microfluidic Chip: Electrofusion of Selected Pairs and Fusant Viability (2009)

Microorifice-based fusion makes use of electric field constriction to assure high-yield one-to-one fusion of selected cell pairs. The aim of this paper is to verify feasibility of high-yield cell fusion on a microfluidic chip. This paper also examines viability of the fusant created on the chip. We fabricated a microfluidic chip to fuse selected cell pairs and to study postfusion behavior. We used a self-forming meniscus-based fabrication process to create microorifice with a diameter of 2-10 microm on the vertical walls in a microfluidic channel. When 1 MHz was applied to electrodes located on both sides of the microorifice, dielectrophoretic force attracted the cells toward microorifice to form a cell pair. Once the cells get into contact, fusion pulse was applied. Real time imaging of cells during fusion and cytoplasmic dye transfer between cells indicated success of cell fusion. We found that when high frequency voltage for dielectrophoresis was swept from 1 MHz to 10 kHz in 100 micros, cell fusion was initiated. The effective electric field strength was 0.1-0.2 kV/cm. We analyzed viability by imaging fusant going into cell division phase after 48 h of incubation. We conclude that fabricated microfluidic chip is suitable for high-yield one-to-one fusion and creation of viable fusants. This technology should be a useful tool to study fusion phenomena and viability of fusants, as it allows imaging of the cells during and after the fusion.
Interactively mapping data sources into the semantic web (2011)

Abstract. The Linked Open Data continues to grow rapidly, but a limitation of much of the data that is being published is the lack of a semantic description. While there are tools that help users to quickly convert a database into RDF, they do not provide a way to easily map the data into an existing ontology. This paper presents an approach that allows users to interactively map their structured sources into an existing ontology and then use that mapping to generate RDF triples. This approach automatically generates a mapping from the data source into the ontology, but since the precise mapping is sometimes ambiguous, we allow the user to interactively refine the mappings. We implemented this approach in a system called Karma, and demonstrate that the system can map sources into an ontology with minimal user interaction and efficiently generate the corresponding RDF. 1
Ti and Sn Diffusion and Its Influence on Phase Formation in Internal-Tin&lt;tex&gt;$rm Nb_3rm Sn$&lt;/tex&gt;Superconductor Strands (2005)

Nb/sub 3/Sn superconductor wires were investigated in terms of Nb/sub 3/Sn phase formation and Ti diffusion. Two series of subelement strands (HP and EG) with Ta, Ti addition were fabricated. For comparison, a special model sample consisting of an annular Nb region containing Sn and surrounded by Cu was fabricated. All samples were given a standard initial up-ramp-and-hold schedule (185/spl deg/C/24 h (ramp rate 10/spl deg/ C/hour) + 340/spl deg/C/ 48 h (ramp rate 25/spl deg/C/hour) + 700/spl deg/C/up to 150 h (ramp rate 10/spl deg/ C/hour)). Reaction heat treatments at 700/spl deg/C were performed for various times on these subelements. The diffusion of Sn and Ti was studied by SEM, EDS, EPMA and STEM analysis. The Nb/sub 3/Sn reaction rate was determined for strands with and without Ti, and Ti was seen to double the rate of Nb/sub 3/Sn formation for these strands. EDS analysis showed that within the filament annular shell, an even distribution of Ti existed with a concentration of 0.4-1.0 at. %. However, for the highest Ti bearing sample, it had a Ti Nausite at the filament boundaries which may reduce the strands superconductor property.
Extracorporeal Liver Perfusion in the Treatment of Acute Hepatic Failure (1980)

ABSTRACT Twenty‐three extracorporeal liver perfusions have been performed for the treatment of hepatic coma in 13 patients. No improvement was found in four patients, improvement in nine. Six of these nine patients recovered full conciousness. All seven patients with pre‐existent liver disease died. Of six patients without pre‐existent liver disease, three were discharged and are still alive. At present, extracorporeal liver perfusion seems to be a promising treatment for hepatic coma. It should be undertaken at stage IV and at stage 111 with increasing prothrombin time. Pre‐existent liver disease should be excluded beforehand by laparoscopy.