gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemopreventive activity of ellagitannins and their derivatives from black raspberry seeds on HT-29 colon cancer cells (2015)

Black raspberry (BRB) seeds are a major waste product after fruit processing. The seeds are abundant in ellagitannins (ET), a class of hydrolysable tannins, which are hydrolyzed to ellagic acid (EA) and further metabolized to urolithin A (UA) and urolithin B (UB), known to be bioavailable in the colon and the prostate. In this study, the anti-cancer activities of these compounds were evaluated on HT-29 colon cancer cells. ET, EA, UA and UB inhibited the proliferation of the cancer cells. EA caused a slight, but significant cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, and urolithins caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and upregulated p21 expression. Apoptotic cells were detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI assay when treated with the compounds. Disruption in mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspases 8 and 9 suggest that both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways may be involved. Activation of caspase 3 and cleavage of PARP further confirmed the induction of the apoptosis. ET, EA, UA and UB showed anti-cancer activity by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis on HT-29 human colon cancer cells. This study suggests that the BRB seeds could be a potential source of anti-cancer ET.
Parametric study of a mist jet-singlet oxygen generator. (2000)

To improve the utilization of hydrogen peroxide, a Mist Jet-Singlet Oxygen Generator (MJ-SOG), which is a new type SOG for the Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser (COIL), has been developed. An excitation rate of the singlet oxygen O2 (1Δ) was as high as 68.6% with flow rates of BHP and Cl2 gas, 2.37ml/s and 1.68mmol/s, respectively. The construction of the MJ-SOG and its reaction processes are discussed.
Characteristic of mercury on the surface of ash originating from electrostatic precipitators of lignite and bituminous coal-fired power plants (2019)

Mercury concentrations in ash taken from electrostatic precipitations (ESPs) installed in bituminous coal and lignite power plants have been analyzed by the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method and leaching test supported by detailed coal and ash compositions' analyses, surface scans and particles size distribution studies. The results showed that mercury was present on the surface of ash particles. Its concentration decreased upon increasing size of ash particles. Leaching tests showed that only small part of mercury was removed with water which suggests the fact that it occurred mostly in the form of insoluble compounds such as Hg, HgO, HgS and Hg2Cl2. There existed ash particles of the diameters from 50 to 60 m, characterizing by the maximum capability to adsorb mercury and its compounds. The authors suggest that metals like copper and lead formed ash active centers that were preferably occupied by molecules containing atoms of mercury. It was highly possible to expect that content of these elements in ash would have a significant effect on sorption of mercury from combustion gases.
Effects of Post-Deposition Vacuum Annealing on the Piezoelectric Properties of AlScN Thin Films Sputtered on 200 Mm Production Wafers (2018)

Sc-doped AIN polycrystalline films are attractive active layers for high frequency (GHz range)acoustic resonators owing to the significant rise in the material piezoelectric activity with the increasing Sc content. AlScN films are sputtered on 200 mm Si wafers using configurable cathode containing a variable number of embedded Sc pellets which allows controlling both the Sc content in the films and the composition homogeneity across the wafer. The method is implemented in an Endeavor-AT™ cluster tool from OEM Group adapted for sputtering on 200 mm wafers. The piezoelectric activity of the as-deposited AlScN films appears to improve after a 15-minute post-deposition annealing at 600°C, leading to a 20% increase in the electromechanical coupling factor.
IMMU-43. RNA-MODIFIED T CELLS AS A NON-INVASIVE AND EFFICACIOUS STRATEGY TO DELIVER THERAPEUTIC MACROMOLECULES LOCALLY TO INTRACRANIAL TUMORS (2018)

With the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), successful drug delivery to central nervous system (CNS) malignancies remains a challenge. By inducing tumor regression and potentiating immune responses, cytokines, such as granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), have shown promise as a biological agent to enhance anti-tumor efficacy in preclinical studies and cancer immunotherapy trials. However, intravenous cytokine delivery has limited access to CNS, and are often associated with significant systemic side effects. To bypass limitations of systemically administered cytokines, we investigate the HYPOTHESIS that RNA-modified T cells can deliver macromolecules directly to intracranial tumors. Since activated T cells have an inherent ability to cross the BBB and lyse tumor cells, this strategy makes them an attractive biological carrier for cancer cell therapy. Using electroporation to deliver messenger RNA (mRNA) to T cells, we evaluated GM-CSF secretion and the function of GM-CSF RNA-modified T cells. We demonstrated that activated T cells could be modified to secrete GM-CSF protein in vitro, while retaining their inherent effector functions. In a murine intracranial tumor model, GM-CSF RNA-modified T cells effectively delivered GM-CSF to the tumor microenvironment in vivo, and significantly extended median overall survival with long term cures in some treated animals. Importantly, GM-CSF expressing T cells demonstrated a superior anti-tumor efficacy compared to unmodified T cells, and systemic administration of recombinant GM-CSF provided no treatment benefit when co-delivered with unmodified T cells. Such anti-tumor effects were associated with increased interferon gamma secretion locally within tumor microenvironment, and systemic antigen-specific T cell expansion within secondary lymph nodes. This study strongly supports the implementation of a non-invasive and efficacious strategy to deliver therapeutic macromolecules locally to invasive brain tumors, while offers potential widespread applicability for the delivery of biological agents to other CNS conditions, such as neurodegenerative or neuroinflammatory diseases.
The Effects of H_2S Against Rotenone-induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells (2010)

Objective To study the effects of H2S on the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by rotenone. Methods The apoptosis of PC12 cells were observed by hochest stain,and propidium iodide stain flow cytometry(FCM). Results Compared with the control untreated cells(3.23%±0.64%),the apoptosis rate was 26.24%±2.92%,48.82%±6.66% respectively,after 24 hours of 1 and 3 μmol/L rotenone exposure.400 μmol/L NaHS didn't induce apoptosis in PC12 cells,however the apoptosis rate of PC12 cells induced by 1 and 3 μmol/L rotenone was decreased from 26.24%±2.92%,48.82%±6.66% to 11.13%±3.82%(P0.05),31.28%±6.85% respectively after treated with 400 μmol/L NaHS for 24 h togetherly. Conclusions H2S can inhibit the apoptosis in PC12 cells induced by rotenone.
Engineered solution synthesis of rare-earth nanomaterials and their optical properties (2007)

This paper will summarize our work on rare-earth nanomaterials for infrared photonic applications. Our research focuses the use of solvothermal methods to prepare these materials in particulate and molecular form with controlled physical and chemical characteristics. Thermochemical computations are used to facilitate direct crystallization of the desired material from the solvothermal medium. The impact of the chemical and physical characteristics of nanopowder and molecular characteristics on optical properties will be discussed in reference to conventional glasses and single crystals.
Ester - Alcohol 계의 기액평형 ( 3 ) (1971)

Vapor-liquid equilibrium data of the binary systems, such as MeOH-n-BuAc, EtOH-n-BuAc, n-PrOH-n-BuAc and n-BuOH-n-BuAc were measured under atmospheric pressure. The consistency of the x-y data measured was discussed by the same methods used in the previous reports. The author determined the constants of Van Laar`s equation, of Prahl`s equation, and the constants of Antoine`s equation for n-BuAc. At 20℃, the density-composition relations were also suggested for these binary systems.
Alpha-Particle Emission Energy Spectra From Materials Used for Solder Bumps (2010)

The emitted alpha particle energy distribution from solder bumps can show substantial surface emission which has a large impact on the modeled SEU rate. State-of-the art alpha-particle detectors are required to measure the low emissivity and energy distribution.
Elucidation of the relationships between LexA-regulated genes in the SOS response. (2005)

Monitoring the expression of many genes under different conditions is a common approach for investigating gene relationships. In particular, the monitoring sheds light on the biological phenomena in which many genes are coordinately expressed. In this study, we analyzed the expression profiles of LexA-regulated genes after UV irradiation, to elucidate the genes related to the SOS response, which involves coordinately regulated gene expression. By the two-gene relationship analysis, the LexA-regulated genes were highly correlated with the genes involved in the DNA repair functions. The LexA-regulated genes with highly significant probability were divided into two groups: the LexA-regulated genes that were mutually related within them were related to the genes with DNA repair functions, while the LexA-regulated genes that were less related within them showed lower relation to the genes with DNA repair functions. By a multiple gene relationship analysis, the two types of LexA-regulated genes were clearly clustered, and the inferred network between the clusters indicated their sequential relationship of clusters in the two groups of LexA-regulated genes in the SOS response; the former type of genes emerged in the early stage of the SOS response upon the signal transduction by membrane proteins, cessation of cell division and recognition of DNA damage, and the latter type emerged in a later stage, and functioned in the repair mechanism and the resumption of DNA replication.
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation with uninterrupted anticoagulation: a meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials (2020)

Uninterrupted DOAC is a safe and effective alternative to uninterrupted VKA during atrial fibrillation ablation.
Analysis and Simulation of Wireless Power Transfer System Based on Magnetic Resonances (2012)

Wireless power transfer brings the possibility of connector-free for electric devices. Because there is no electric connection between power source and load, the system employs wireless power transfer based on magnetic resonance becomes safer, more convenient and more reliable. The wireless power transfer system of four-coils based on magnetic resonances is analyzed, including phenomenon of frequency splitting, effect of the angle between the source coil and the device coil, and effect of external objects. Simulation results are presented in this paper.
Natural product defensive chemistry of Douglas‐fir, Western Spruce Budworm success, and forest management practices1 (1983)

Abstract The effect of several natural plant products in the foliage of Douglas‐fir was investigated in populations from Montana and New Mexico to determine their influence, if any, on western spruce budworm success. Trees from both sites were found to be resistant to the budworm mainly due to terpene chemistry, variation in budburst, and tree vigor. The terpene complement that was associated with resistant trees in Montana was different than that found in New Mexico. Agar diet studies indicated that bornyl acetate and beta‐pinene, when present in high concentrations similar to those found in the foliage of resistant trees, increased larval stage duration and reduced dry weight production. Based on these data, several suggestions are explored as to the way in which defensive chemistry could be used in silvicultural practices. Zusammenfassung Wehrchemie der Inhaltsstoffe von Douglasie, Befallserfolg von Triebwickler und Einfluß forstlicher Maßnahmen Die Wirkung verschiedener Inhaltsstoffe in den Nadeln von Douglasie (Pseudotsuga menziesii) wurde an Herkünften aus Montana und New Mexico untersucht, um ihren möglichen Einfluß auf den Befallserfolg des Triebwicklers Choristoneura occidentalis zu bestimmen. Bäume von beiden Standorten zeigten Resistenzeigenschaften gegen den Triebwickler hauptsächlich aufgrund von Terpenchemismus, Schwankungen im Austreibetermin und ihrer Widerstandskraft. Die Terpenzusammensetzung resistenter Bäume aus Montana war verschieden von solchen aus New Mexico. Bei Zuchtversuchen an Kunstfutter führten hohe Konzentrationen von Bornylacetat und beta‐Pinen, wie sie in den Nadeln resistenter Bäume vorkommen, zu einer Verlängerung der Larven‐dauer und Verringerung der Biomasseproduktion. Ausgehend von diesen Befunden werden verschiedene Ansätze zur Förderung der Wehrchemie durch waldbauliche Maßnahmen diskutiert.
Radioimmunoassay for the carboxy-terminal cross-linking domain of type IV (basement membrane) procollagen in body fluids. Characterization and application to collagen type IV metabolism in fibrotic liver disease. (1986)

The carboxy-terminal cross-linking domain (NCl) of type IV procollagen was isolated from human placenta and used for the production of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Purity of the antigen and specificity of the antibodies were verified by Western blotting and radioimmunoassays. A radioimmunoassay was developed using rabbit antiserum. Intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 4.7% and 5.8%, respectively; recovery of NCl added to serum and bile was 95-105%. NCl concentration in sera of healthy volunteers was 6 +/- 2.9 ng/ml (mean +/- 2.5 SD) and was elevated up to 18 ng in sera of patients with autoimmune or metastatic tumor disease and up to 240 ng in sera of patients with fibrogenic liver disease. Substantial amounts of antigen were also found in bile, urine, and ascites. 67% of serum antigens eluted from an agarose A5M column with an apparent molecular weight of 60 kD and 23% with a molecular weight of 90 and 150 kD, well below the molecular weight of type IV procollagen (550 kD). Serum NCl is apparently derived from the degradation of basement membrane collagen. The time course of NCl concentrations in sera of patients with fibrogenic liver disease showed no correlation with the serum concentration of the amino-terminal procollagen type III peptide, a marker of hepatic collagen biosynthesis. A decline of serum NCl levels along with elevated serum procollagen type III peptides apparently indicates bad prognosis in fibrogenic liver disease. The radioimmunoassay for NCl is a useful tool for studying type IV collagen metabolism in conditions causing remodeling or breakdown of basement membranes.
Three-phase multilevel-voltage source converters with low switching frequencies and less distorted input voltages (1994)

A novel three-phase power converter which is suitable for high-voltage, high-power applications is proposed. This converter consists of a neutral-point-clamped (NPC) converter with a switching frequency at the power line frequency as the main power circuit, and an additional single-phase converter with a switching frequency at triple the power line frequency. This paper describes the operating principle, analysis, and synthesis of the input voltage waveforms in a single- and a double-converter system, as well as experimental results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Snapshot hyperspectral imaging using a random phase mask and spectral filter array (2020)

We introduce a snapshot hyperspectral imager that uses a random phase mask, repeated spectral filter array, and compressive recovery to achieve high spatial and spectral resolution in a small form factor.
Comparison of Indirect Optical Injection-Locking Techniques of Multiple X-Band Oscillators (1986)

Experimental results of indirect optical injection-locking of two X-band FET oscillators are presented. An S-band master source is used to synchronize both oscillators simultaneously, with 18-MHz locking range using the fiber-optic link nonlinearity. The source of the optical link nonlinearity is traced to the laser diode by interferometric measurement. Both the laser diode and the FET oscillator nonlinearities can be exploited to achieve frequency multiplication of the master oscillator signal. The merits of these different methods are evaluated based on the locking range and the FM noise level of the injection-locked oscillator.
Oligoclonal Analysis of the Atopic T Cell Response to the Group 1 Allergen of <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> (Bermuda Grass) Pollen: Pre- and Post-Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy (2002)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Bermuda grass pollen (BGP) is an increasingly important seasonal aeroallergen in Australia and other subtropical and temperate regions. BGP shares minimal allergenic cross-reactivity with pollens of rye grass or other Pooideae grasses often used for desensitization regimens in grass pollen allergy. Current allergen immunotherapy is seldom used in asthmatic patients due to IgE-mediated side effects. Since clinically effective immunotherapy is linked with altered allergen-specific T cell response, characterisation of human T cell reactivity to Cyn d 1, the major B cell allergen of BGP, should permit the design of effective and safe immunotherapy for BGP allergy. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Short-term BGP-specific CD4+ T cell lines were established from peripheral blood of 14 BGP-sensitive patients before and after conventional 50% BGP and 50% 7-grass mix subcutaneous specific allergen immunotherapy (SIT). T cell diversity of antigen specificity and function was assessed by proliferation and cytokine production to BGP, Cyn d 1 and Cyn d 1 peptides. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Three highly immunogenic regions of Cyn d 1 were identified in 13/14 patients pre-SIT: Cyn d 1 (109–128), (181–209) and (217–241). The SIT regimen was clinically efficacious. Following SIT, decreased proliferation to BGP, Cyn d 1 and Cyn d 1 peptides was observed with a marked decrease in the IL-5:IFN-γ ratio. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Cyn d 1 is a major T cell allergen of BGP. Decreased Cyn d 1-specific IL-5 dominant T cell responses were observed in association with clinically effective treatment with the 50% BGP and 50% 7-grass mix. Identified dominant T cell regions of Cyn d 1 should facilitate safer vaccine development for BGP-induced asthma in addition to rhinitis.
Metallized pyramidal silicon probe with extremely high throughput and resolution capability for optical near-field technology (2002)

An optical near-field probe with extremely high throughput and resolution capability was fabricated with a metallized pyramidal silicon structure. Using a finite-difference time-domain method, we found the tip parameters that are required for localized surface plasmon resonance at the probe tip. The optical near-field energy distribution on the metallized pyramidal silicon probe was observed by scanning a fiber probe that had an aperture diameter of 50 nm. The spatial distribution profile observed was in good agreement with the numerical results. The throughput and spot size were determined to be 2.3% and 85 nm, respectively.
Recovery of a strain of Clostridium botulinum producing both neurotoxin A and neurotoxin B from canned macrobiotic food (1997)

A rare strain of Clostridium botulinum subtype Ab was isolated from a canned macrobiotic food suspected of being linked to a fatal case of food-borne botulism. The strain was recovered and identified by conventional methods modified by the inclusion of a PCR assay (G. Franciosa, J.L. Ferreira, and C.L. Hatheway, J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:1911-1917, 1994). The titers of neurotoxins produced by the strain were evaluated by a mouse bioassay.
Distance-Based Reconstruction of Tree Models for Oncogenesis (2000)

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a laboratory method to measure gains and losses in the copy number of chromosomal regions in tumor cells. It is hypothesized that certain DNA gains and losses are related to cancer progression and that the patterns of these changes are relevant to the clinical consequences of the cancer. It is therefore of interest to develop models which predict the occurrence of these events, as well as techniques for learning such models from CGH data. We continue our study of the mathematical foundations for inferring a model of tumor progression from a CGH data set that we started in Desper et al. (1999). In that paper, we proposed a class of probabilistic tree models and showed that an algorithm based on maximum-weight branching in a graph correctly infers the topology of the tree, under plausible assumptions. In this paper, we extend that work in the direction of the so-called distance-based trees, in which events are leaves of the tree, in the style of models common in phylogenetics. Then we show how to reconstruct the distance-based trees using tree-fitting algorithms developed by researchers in phylogenetics. The main advantages of the distance-based models are that 1) they represent information about co-occurrences of all pairs of events, instead of just some pairs, 2) they allow quantitative predictions about which events occur early in tumor progression, and 3) they bring into play the extensive methodology and software developed in the context of phylogenetics. We illustrate the distance-based tree method and how it complements the branching tree method, with a CGH data set for renal cancer.
Bandwidth reservation and QoS in internet MANETs (2006)

Provisioning QoS in MANETs is very challenging. Some of the factors that affect QoS provisioning in MANETs are-lossy wireless environment, the movement of nodes, medium access scheme-due to contention for shared medium and routing protocols-as the routes are dynamic. Hence it is difficult to propose one scheme that will best support QoS in MANETs suitable for all application scenarios. We decided to investigate QoS in MANETs from an application perspective. In this work, we are interested in QoS provisioning in Internet connected MANETs- which are expected to support users roaming in from cellular or WLANs with an active call. Hence we are interested in such performance metrics like network joining delays, end-to-end frame delivery delays and upstream and downstream throughput. We proposed a solution after identifying the unique requirements of such an Internet connected MANET. The solution includes a routing and forwarding scheme at layer 2 called multi-meshed tree routing with a simple carrier sense random backoff based medium access. Details of simulation studies and results of the above identified performance metrics are presented here.
Voltage regulator module design considerations to enhance efficiency (2010)

The shrinking chip fabrication technologies reduces the power consumption and enhances the clock speeds of processors. Accordingly the new generation processors are expected to work below 1V voltage profiles. The power supply designers are expected to deliver acceptable solutions with constraints like low voltage at large current, ripples below 2%, good transient response with high load slew rates etc. Few more constraints like small foot print, low cost and higher efficiency to meet the green energy initiatives, leaves very few options for designers. Keeping in view the decreasing voltage requirements of future processors, this paper proposes a loss minimization approach. This paper suggests a technique to select optimum switching frequency to maximize the power supply efficiency under all its operating conditions. The paper uses the steady state analysis of the converter to show the suitability of the solution as a cost effective approach.