gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Color pictorial serpentine halftone for secure embedded data</title> (1998)

This paper introduces a new rotatable glyph shape for trusted printing applications that has excellent image rendering, data storage and counterfeit deterrence properties. Referred to as a serpentine because it tiles into a meandering line screen, it can produce high quality images independent of its ability to embed data. The hafltone cell is constructed with hyperbolic curves to enhance its dynamic range, and generates low distortion because of rotational tone invariance with its neighbors. An extension to the process allows the data to be formatted into human readable text patterns, viewable with a magnifying glass, and therefore not requiring input scanning. The resultant embedded halftone patterns can be recognized as simple numbers (0 - 9) or alphanumerics (a - z). The pattern intensity can be offset from the surrounding image field intensity, producing a watermarking effect. We have been able to embed words such as 'original' or license numbers into the background halftone pattern of images which can be readily observed in the original image, and which conveniently disappear upon copying. We have also embedded data blocks with self-clocking codes and error correction data which are machine-readable. Finally, we have successfully printed full color images with both the embedded data and text, simulating a trusted printing application.
Induction of Transforming Growth Factor α Expression in Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells after Transformation with a Point-Mutated c-Ha-rasProtooncogene (1988)

NOG-8 ras cells are a normal mouse mammary epithelial cell line transfected with a plasmid containing a glucocorticoid-inducible mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat linked to the activated c-Ha-ras protooncogene. After addition of dexamethasone, there is a rapid induction (within 1-3 h) of p21ras protein that is concomitant with a parallel induction of the c-Ha-ras specific mRNA. After 4-6 days of dexamethasone treatment, NOG-8 ras cells are able to grow as colonies in semisolid medium. Between 9 and 12 days of dexamethasone treatment, there is a 5- to 6-fold increase of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) activity in the conditioned medium from NOG-8 ras cells. A 60-65% reduction in epidermal growth factor cell surface receptors on NOG-8 ras cells also occurs during this time interval. A 3- to 4-fold increase of the expression of a specific TGF alpha mRNA can be detected within 2 days of dexamethasone treatment, preceding the increase in TGF alpha protein found in the conditioned medium. Exogenous TGF alpha is able to stimulate in a dose-dependent fashion the anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent growth of NOG-8 ras cells to a level comparable to that observed in dexamethasone treated ras-transformed NOG-8 ras cells. These results suggest that the enhanced expression of TGF alpha after induction of an activated ras protooncogene may be necessary for the anchorage-independent growth and subsequent morphological changes and the enhanced growth rate observed in ras-transformed mammary epithelial cells.
Silicon thickness variation of FD-SOI wafers investigated by differential reflective microscopy (2016)

Fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) wafers with very thin Si top layers in the range of ten nanometers have to fulfill very strict uniformity requirements in the Å range across the wafer for the latest CMOS technologies based on 22nm technology. Hereby, the thickness variation of the complete Si layer defining the body thickness of the transistor and thus the device properties have to be determined at not only a few locations of the wafer but a full lateral characterization is desirable. We have used differential reflective microscopy (DRM) in low-resolution mode for full-wafer maps and high-resolution mode at discrete locations to characterize the SOI thickness variation. Full wafer maps with DRM provide higher resolution than ellipsometry and can be used to control SOI manufacturing processes. We compare SOI thickness variation obtained from high-resolution measurements to ITRS roadmap requirements.
ChemInform Abstract: A Solid‐State Route to Molecular Clusters: Access to the Solution Chemistry of (Re6Q8)2+ (Q: S, Se) Core‐Containing Clusters via Dimensional Reduction. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Cross-Sectional Study of the Effects of Type 2 Diabetes and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Structure and Function of Nonstenotic Arteries of the Lower Limb (2003)

Adverse changes in the structure and function of unstenosed lower-limb arteries are present in type 2 diabetes and are associated with features of the metabolic syndrome.
Late pathological changes of Carpentier-Edwards porcine bioprostheses in the mitral position. (1986)

Eighty-nine patients received mitral valve replacement with Carpentier-Edwards porcine bioprostheses between 1975 and 1983. Eighty-three patients (93.3%) were followed up after the operation; early death (within one month of operation) occurred in 6 patients and late death in 2 patients. After the operation, 64 survivors (85.3%), who did not require reoperation, exhibited improved symptoms according to the NYHA functional class. Of the 6 patients (6.7%) who required reoperation, 5 patients underwent reoperation 50 to 85 months after the implantation. Pathologically, all the removed valves showed degeneration of collagen and elastic fibers, no host endothelialization and mild to moderate infiltration of inflammatory cells. Thrombus in the left atrium was detected in one case. Destruction of the cusps was seen in three cases and calcification of the cusps developed in three cases. In general, the Carpentier-Edwards porcine bioprosthesis provided good clinical improvement over the periods studied. However, morphological changes of the bioprosthetic valve, such as destruction collagen and elastic fiber, and inflammatory cell infiltration of the cusps, seems to occur more frequently with the passage of time. We therefore suggest that patients with this prosthesis should be followed carefully, particularly at late intervals after implantation.
Intelligent Icons: Integrating Lite-Weight Data Mining and Visualization into GUI Operating Systems (2006)

The vast majority of visualization tools introduced so far are specialized pieces of software that run explicitly on a particular dataset at a particular time for a particular purpose. In this work we introduce a novel framework for allowing visualization to take place in the background of normal day-to-day operation of any GUI based operation system. Our system works by replacing the standard file icons with automatically created icons that reflect the contents of the files in a principled way. We call such icons Intelligent Icons. The utility of Intelligent Icons is further enhanced by arranging them in a way that reflects their similarity/differences. We demonstrate the utility of our approach on diverse applications.
Representing Block-structured Process Models as Order Matrices: Basic Concepts, Formal Properties, Algorithms (2009)

Abstract. In various cases we need to transform a process model into a matrix representation for further analysis. In this paper, we introduce the notion of Order Matrix, which enables unique representation of block-structured process models. We present algorithms for transforming a block-structured process model into a corresponding order matrix and vice verse. We then prove that such order matrix constitutes a unique representation of a block-structured process model; i.e., if we transform a process model into an order matrix, and then transform this matrix back into a process model, the two process models are trace equivalent; i.e., they show same behavior. Finally, we analyze algebraic properties of order matrices. 1
EMPIRICAL ESTIMATION OF THE SERVICE LIFE OF INJECTION LASERS FROM SHORT-TERM TESTS (1972)

It is shown that an effective method for selecting long-life injection lasers can be based on the initial rate of rise of the threshold current. This gives better results than the selection in accordance with the initial parameters. The aging mechanism is assumed to consist of the formation of new nonradiative recombination centers in the process of recombination of excess carriers.
imagerie optique in vivo : explorer le contraste optique endogène en profondeur des tissus (2016)

National audience
Selection of Binder and Solvent for Solution-Processed All-Solid-State Battery (2017)

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) are gaining prominence for their ability to overcome the intrinsic drawbacks of conventional liquid-based counterparts, such as electrolyte leakage, flammability, and limited voltage window. Nevertheless, ASSBs have so far been mainly investigated using lab-scale dry mixing processes and therefore suffer from limitation of scalability and agglomeration of active particles in the composite electrodes. Here, we report a systematic investigation on ASSBs fabricated by a solution-based casting process. By screening a wide range of binders and solvents, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and para-xylene were a suitable binder and solvent, respectively, compatible with sulfide glass-ceramic solid electrolyte. This binder-solvent combination facilitates homogeneous dispersion of the solid electrolyte in the slurry and electrolyte layer, offering high adhesion between electrode materials and comparable lithium ionic conductivity to that of the dry mixing-based counterpart. When solution-based casting processes were adopted for both electrolyte and composite cathode (containing LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) layers, the solution-processed cell exhibits decent performance in rate capability and cyclability due to higher homogeneity of the electrode components, originating from the appropriate combination of solvent and binder. (C) 2017 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Initial test bed for Very High Efficiency Solar Cell (2008)

Very High Efficiency Solar Cell (VHESC) program is developing integrated optical system—photovoltaic modules for portable applications that operate at greater than 50 percent efficiency. We are integrating the optical design with the solar cell design, and we have entered previously unoccupied design space [1]. A test bed for rapid development and verification of performance of subsystems is also being developed. The results and analysis of the first complete integrated optics and solar cells on this test bed are reported. The demonstration has achieved efficiency greater than 36%. Analysis shows a direct path to efficiencies greater than 40%. These initial results have not been verified by NREL or any other 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> party. We have previously reported the sum of the solar cell efficiencies to be over 42%, and optical subsystem efficiency greater than 93% [2]. Our approach is driven by proven quantitative models for the solar cell design, the optical design and the integration of the two.
Controlled Growth of High‐Quality ZnO‐Based Films and Fabrication of Visible‐Blind and Solar‐Blind Ultra‐Violet Detectors (2009)

Abstract ZnO is a wide‐bandgap (3.37 eV at room temperature) oxide semiconductor that is attractive for its great potential in short‐wavelength optoelectronic devices, in which high quality films and heterostructures are essential for high performance. In this study, controlled growth of ZnO‐based thin films and heterostructures by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is demonstrated on different substrates with emphasis on interface engineering. It is revealed that ultrathin AlN or MgO interfacial layers play a key role in establishing structural and chemical compatibility between ZnO and substrates. Furthermore, a quasi‐homo buffer is introduced prior to growth of a wurtzite MgZnO epilayer to suppress the phase segregation of rock‐salt MgO, achieving wide‐range bandgap tuning from 3.3 to 4.55 eV. Finally, a visible‐blind UV detector exploiting a double heterojunction of n‐ZnO/insulator‐MgO/p‐Si and a solar‐blind UV detector using MgZnO as an active layer are fabricated by using the growth techniques discussed here.
Tree-Structure Expectation Propagation for LDPC Decoding in Erasure Channels (2010)

In this paper we present a new algorithm, denoted as TEP, to decode low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over the Binary Erasure Channel (BEC). The TEP decoder is derived applying the expectation propagation (EP) algorithm with a tree- structured approximation. Expectation Propagation (EP) is a generalization to Belief Propagation (BP) in two ways. First, it can be used with any exponential family distribution over the cliques in the graph. Second, it can impose additional constraints on the marginal distributions. We use this second property to impose pair-wise marginal constraints in some check nodes of the LDPC code's Tanner graph. The algorithm has the same computational complexity than BP, but it can decode a higher fraction of errors when applied over the BEC. In this paper, we focus on the asymptotic performance of the TEP decoder, as the block size tends to infinity. We describe the TEP decoder by a set of differential equations that represents the residual graph evolution during the decoding process. The solution of these equations yields the capacity of this decoder for a given LDPC ensemble over the BEC. We show that the achieved capacity with the TEP is higher than the BP capacity, at the same computational complexity.
A Potential Cellular Explanation for the Increased Risk of Clostridium difficile Infection Due to Hypoalbuminemia: Reply Di Bella et al (2015)

In their intriguing investigation, reported in "The protective role of albumin in Clostridium difficile infection: A step towards solving the puzzle" (citation Di Bella SD et al 2015), Di Bella SD and colleagues explored the cellular mechanism of potential protective effect of albumin in C. difficile infection (CDI). Their findings deepen our understanding of the association between low albumin levels and increased risks for CDI.
Detecção de genes toxigênicos em amostras de Staphylococcus spp. isoladas de queijos de coalho Detection of toxigenic genes in samples of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from rennet cheese (2009)

The aim of this study was to isolate, quantify, and investigate samples of Staphylococcus spp from rennet or coalho cheese (a firm but very lightweight cheese produced in Brazil) and determine the presence of the toxigenic genes sea-see, seg-sej, tst, eta, and etb by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Counts of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CPS) were found varying from 10 2 to 10 6 CFU.g –1 . The toxigenic genes tst, sec, sed, seg, seh, sei, and sej were identified in 18 of the 20 isolates of Staphylococcus spp at the following percentages: 5, 11, 9, 20, 16, 25, and 14%, respectively. The presence of a high percentage of isolates containing different toxigenic genes is a matter of concern for the health of the consumer due to the possible production of toxins responsible for food poisoning. The presence of various toxigenic genes in samples of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus is another important fact because there are no laws in Brazil regarding limitations on the presence of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus in foods.
Assembly of MCM thermal solution utilizing individual heat spreaders (2006)

Some recent IBM UNIX servers use multi-chip modules (MCMs) with multi-core processor chips with very high power densities, requiring aggressive thermal solutions. The thermal solution includes flip chips with individually attached heat spreaders. Because of the difficulty of reworking the thermal solution, and the high value of the module at the time the cooling solution is assembled, very high assembly yields were required. This drove new technologies, and new processes to enable assembly of highly efficient cooling structures with very high yields. This paper addresses the challenges of assembling the heat spreader cooling solution, and describes how these challenges were overcome
A French-English dictionary for chemists (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewA French-English dictionary for chemistsCite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 8, 444Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1954Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 August 1954Published inissue 1 August 1954https://doi.org/10.1021/ed031p444.2RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (486 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Self-Adaptation Metrics for Active Cybersecurity (2013)

FUZZBUSTER is a host-based adaptive security system that automatically discovers, refines, and repairs vulnerabilities in hosted applications in order to prevent cyber attacks. FUZZBUSTER must decide when to adapt its applications, when to revoke its previous adaptations, and when to sacrifice functionality to improve security. This requires an adaptation quality metric that captures (1) an application's susceptibility to cyber attacks and (2) an application's functionality, since adapting an application affects both of these factors. FUZZBUSTER uses different types of test cases to measure security and functionality. In this paper, we describe FUZZBUSTER's adaptation metrics and we present two different policies for balancing security and functionality. We provide empirical results comparing these policies, and we also demonstrate how FUZZBUSTER can temporarily sacrifice the functionality of hosted applications to increase host security, and then restore functionality when more favorable adaptations are found.
Phase transitions in the Pb (Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 system (1981)

Abstract Two successive phase transitions, changing the crystal symmetry from rhombohedral to tetragonal, and then to cubic on a heating process, have been investigated in the Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 single crystals with the composition near the morphotropic phase boundary. The existence of the morphotropic phase boundary has been confirmed by measuring the dielectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric constant. Anomalously large electromechanical and piezoelectric constants are observed on the morphotropic phase boundary.
[Improvement and normalisation of the QRS complex by stimulation of the bundle of His in complete left branch block]. (1979)

The asynchronism of ventricular activation resulting from a major degree of left bundle branch block (QRS greater than or equal to 0.12 s) may be suppressed by stimulation of the distal portion of the His Bundle, whether the block be intermittent (3 cases) or permanent (17 cases). The selective stimulation of the His Bundle normalises ventricular depolarisation whilst non-selective stimulation narrows the QRS complex by the fusion of the activation wave fronts from the His Bundle and the interventricular septum. The reestablishment of synchronous ventricular conduction by His Bundle stimulation is generally interpreted as a sign of longitudinal dissociation in the proximal portion of the His Bundle. This results does not, however, exclude the possibility of a very localised lesion at the origin of the left bundle, responsible for a conduction delay, and suppressed by stimulation carried out close to the zone of block (summation effect, electrotonic influence).
Presence of CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells and Expression of MHC Class I and MHC Class II Antigen in Horses with Borna Disease Virus‐Induced Encephalitis (1995)

Tissues from 9 horses and 1 donkey suffering from natural Borna disease were investigated immunomorphologically. Lymphocytic inflammatory reactions and increased expressions of MHC class I and class II antigen were found in the brain as well as in the trigeminal and olfactory system. Perivascular inflammatory infiltrates were dominated by CD4+ T cells, whereas the majority of CD8+ T cells were disseminated intraparenchymally. No evidence of inflammation was found in the retina. Borna disease virus proteins and nucleic acids were present in the hippocampus, thalamus and medulla oblongata in all 10 animals, in the cerebral cortex, retina, trigeminal ganglion and nerve in 9, in the olfactory epithelium in 6 and in roots and proximal parts of large peripheral nerves in 3. No evidence of infection was found in the autonomic nervous system, lung, heart, liver, kidney or gut. BDV- proteins and nucleic acids were even more abundant in the trigeminal system than in the olfactory system, suggesting that infection may have occurred via the trigeminal nerve.
Transcriptome Mining of Active Biosynthetic Pathways and Their Associated Products in Streptomyces flaveolus (2011)

Missing link: Biosynthetic pathways and the production of related (known and unknown) natural products can be probed at the transcriptional level in Streptomyces flaveolus by a transcriptome-screening strategy (see picture). The approach complements recent advances in genome mining and potentially benefits natural product discovery from strains whose genomes have not been sequenced. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Detector for Wavelength Resolution SAR Incoherent Change Detection (2019)

This paper introduces an effective detector for wavelength-resolution SAR incoherent change detection. The detector is derived from Bayes' theorem. The input of the detector is the differences between surveillance and reference magnitude images simply obtained by a subtraction while the output is a summary of the detected changes. The proposed detector is tested with 24 CARABAS images that were obtained from the measurement campaign in northern Sweden in 2002. The testing results show that the detector can provide a high average detection probability, e.g., about 96%, with a very low false alarm rate, e.g., only 0.35 per square kilometer.