gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stereochemistry of Intermediates in the Conversion of 3α,7α,12α-Trihydroxy-5ß-Cholestanoic Acid to Cholic Acid by Rat Liver Peroxisomes (1993)

We have investigated the stereochemistry of the side chain of the intermediates, 3 alpha, 7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholest-24-enoic acid and 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid, in the conversion of 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid to cholic acid by rat liver peroxisomes. The intermediates formed were converted to the p-bromophenacyl ester derivatives and analyzed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Only the (24E) form of the two isomers of the delta 24-unsaturated acid and the (24R,25S) form of the four isomers at C-24 and C-25 of the 24-hydroxy acid were found to be formed stereospecifically from either (25R)- or (25S)-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid. Formation of the other isomers of the alpha beta-unsaturated bile acid or the beta-hydroxy bile acid was not detected. The findings support the proposed pathway for the side-chain cleavage in cholic acid biosynthesis, which is thought to be similar to that of peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation.
Finding elliptical shapes in an image using a pyramid architecture (2002)

The problem of finding elliptical shapes in an image on a pyramid architecture using moment properties is considered. Based on the moment principle, the proposed method can be employed to determine the five parameters of an elliptical shape in a given image, including the coordinates of the center of the ellipse, the length of minor and major axes, and the rotation angle of the major axis. A simulation program is also described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Structure and Development of Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in Conventionally Reared Broiler Chickens (1993)

The development of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) in conventionally reared broiler chickens of 1 day and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of age was studied using light and electron microscopy (scanning and transmission). BALT in these chickens resembled other mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) in that it was composed of an altered epithelium overlying a population of lymphocytes and contained potential antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells; high endothelial venules were also present. In contrast to other MALT, epithelial cells in chicken BALT were not of the M-cell type; i.e., they lacked large numbers of apical tubules and vesicles for specialized uptake of luminal antigens. There were age-related differences in size, number, and cellular composition of BALT nodules. Lymphoid nodules were progressively larger and more numerous with increasing age. Germinal centers were present in birds 2 weeks of age and older. BALT epithelium was primarily squamous and non-ciliated in 1-day and 1-week-old chicks, becoming progressively more columnar and ciliated in older chickens. Lymphocyte infiltration of the epithelium was extensive at 1 to 4 weeks of age; in older chickens, distinct epithelial and lymphocytic compartments were separated by connective tissue.
Visual detection in intensity-modulated displays (1963)

In a two-dimensional intensity-modulated display such as theplan position indicator used in radar systems, the observer is looking forand recognizing the signal as an area, or pattern, of brightness differingfrom that of the surround. By using a closed circuit television system it waspossible to reproduce the essential features of this type of display whilsthaving complete control over the important parameters—signal area,background noise, target presentation time, etc. In particular, the backgroundcan be changed from being uniformly illuminated, i.e. the situationstudied by many psycho-physiologists, to the more realistic situationappertaining to radar displays, i.e. when the background is completelyperturbed by noise.Threshold signal/noise ratios have been measured for a number of such conditions and compared with those of an equivalent theoretical model. The results suggest that the visual detection system is a sub-optimum one and its efficiency is dependent, among other things, on the area of the signal. This point goes some way to explain some previously observed discrepancies between experimental and theoretical rates of improvement with increase of area.
Capsule endoscopy in young patients with iron deficiency anaemia and negative bidirectional gastrointestinal endoscopy (2017)

In IDA patients ≤50 years with negative bidirectional GI endoscopy, overall DY of SBCE for clinically significant findings was 32.3%. Some 5% of our cohort was diagnosed with SB neoplasia; lower MCV or weight loss were associated with higher DY for SB pathology.
Analysis of the standard deviation of surface potential fluctuations in MOS interface from DLTS spectra (1998)

The surface potential fluctuations can have significant effects on both the magnitude and shape of the measured small-pulse DLTS spectrum. An increase in the dispersion parameter sigma(S) of the surface potential distribution, which is assumed to have a Gaussian form, leads to a reduction in the DLTS signal size, a shift of the peak position and a broadening of the peak shape. A computer program including the exponential temperature dependence of hole capture cross section, sigma(P) = sigma(0) exp(-Delta E-sigma/kT), was developed to analyse temperature-scan DLTS spectra of a MOS structure; in the evaluation procedure sigma(S), sigma(0) and Delta E-sigma are taken as fitting parameters. A bias dependence of sigma(S) has been found and an interpretation of this behaviour has been attempted in the light of random point charges (Brews) and patchwork (Nicollian-Goetzberger) models.
Speech analysis and synthesis on a personal computer (1986)

A personal computer based system which can be used for speech digitization and acquisition, editing and segmentation, analysis and encoding, synthesis and replay and the study of language phonetic properties is described.
Methodology for Fast Pattern Matching by Deterministic Finite Automaton with Perfect Hashing (2009)

As the speed of current computer networks increases, it is necessary to protect networks by security systems such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems operating at multigigabit speeds. Pattern matching is the time-critical operation of current IDS on multigigabit networks. Regular expressions are often used to describe malicious network patterns. This paper deals with fast regular expression matching using the deterministic finite automaton (DFA) with perfect hash function. We introduce decomposition of the problem on two parts: transformation of the input alphabet and usage of a fast DFA, and usage of perfect hashing to reduce space/speed tradeoff for DFA transition table.
Cloning Human Fetal γ Globin and Mouse α-Type Globin DNA: Preparation and Screening of Shotgun Collections (1978)

Shotgun collections of Charon 3A bacteriophages containing Eco RI fragments of human and mouse DNA were constructed with the use of in vitro packaging. Plaques were screened by hybridization, and globin-specific clones were isolated from both human (Charon 3AHs51.1) and mouse (Charon 3AMm30.5). The fragments cloned were detected in unfractionated genomic DNA by the Southern method of hybridization.
Toward automatic semantic multimedia structuring and retrieval (2007)

Cette thèse se focalise sur le problème de la structuration temporelle des vidéos. Plusieurs décompositions sont possibles à partir d'un même document: une segmentation en segments homogènes groupe les images selon des critères de similarité, une segmentation en plans qui tient compte de l'édition qui a été préalablement opérée par le montage de la vidéo et enfin une segmentation sémantique qui groupe les plans par thématique ou sujet. Nous allons nous intéresser dans cette thèse à chacune de ces décompositions qui posent toutes des problèmes particuliers de l'extraction multimodale de descripteurs aux algorithmes de classification et segmentation proprement dit. Le but final étant d'obtenir des représentations de la vidéo selon diverses échelles et points de vues afin de faciliter son exploration. De plus, ces décompositions sont utiles pour une analyse plus approfondie du contenu des vidéos avec des algorithmes de classification ou de détection sémantique.
A novel locally engineered [111[ v-channel pMOSFET architecture with improved drivability characteristics for low-standby power (LSTP) CMOS applications (2005)

We report a locally engineered high mobility (111) Si channel pMOS architecture with a HfO/sub 2//TiN gate stack on a bulk standard [001] substrate. A 50% hole mobility enhancement and an integration density improvement compared to co-integrated [001] planar devices is demonstrated. An I/sub on/ (210/spl mu/A//spl mu/m)/I/sub off/ (8pA//spl mu/m) ratio @Vdd=1.2 V is obtained (EOT=1.65nm), exceeding the previously reported LSTP performance in sub-0.1 /spl mu/m high-k gated pMOSFETs.
Tracheal cuffs (1975)

The sequelae following prolonged tracheal intubation are reviewed. The virtues of large volume low pressure cuffs are confirmed, and the dynamic variations of pressure both within the airway and within the cuff of standard and floppy cuffed tubes have been re-appraised.
Small-footprint keyword spotting using deep neural networks (2014)

Our application requires a keyword spotting system with a small memory footprint, low computational cost, and high precision. To meet these requirements, we propose a simple approach based on deep neural networks. A deep neural network is trained to directly predict the keyword(s) or subword units of the keyword(s) followed by a posterior handling method producing a final confidence score. Keyword recognition results achieve 45% relative improvement with respect to a competitive Hidden Markov Model-based system, while performance in the presence of babble noise shows 39% relative improvement.
Limited survival of adult human testicular tissue as ectopic xenograft (2005)

Superior survival of the germinal epithelium and spermatogonia when spermatogenesis was suppressed prior to grafting could provide a novel strategy for germline preservation in pre-pubertal cancer patients. This approach could also be valuable to study the early stages of human spermatogenesis.
Systematic variation in osteoblast adhesion and phenotype with substratum surface characteristics (2003)

Time-varying interactions of human fetal osteoblastic cells (hFOB 1.19) with materials of diverse chemical composition and surface energy, including biodegradable lactide/glycolide-based polymers, were assessed using a combination of assays sensitive to different phases of cell-substratum compatibility. Short-term (minutes to hours) cell-attachment-rate assays were used to measure the earliest stages of cell-surface interactions leading to adhesion. Proliferation-rate assays quantifying viability of attached cells were applied as a measure of medium-term (hours to days) cytocompatibility. Both attachment- and proliferation-rate assays were found to strongly correlate with material surface energy, with the exception of a reproducible and significant adhesion preference for fully water-wettable quartz over glass. No such adhesion/proliferation preference was observed for hydrophobized counterparts, and attachment to water-wettable glass was significantly less than that to control tissue culture polystyrene. These results suggest that the amorphous SiO(x) surface was inhibitory to hFOB 1.19 growth whereas putatively crystalline quartz stimulated bioadhesion. Alkaline phosphatase activity was evaluated as a marker for long-term (days) differentiation of hFOB 1.19 cells and did not strongly correlate with surface energy or, in the case of biodegradable polymers, chemical composition.
A Mathematical Study of a Fire in the Interaction Zone Between Flows with Different Velocities (2006)

An analytical study is presented for describing a flame in a shear layer flow formed between a gaseous fuel stream and an oxidizer stream, moving at different velocities. The diffusion flamesheet approximation is addressed. It is shown how the shear layer flow-field driven by various ratios of free- flows velocities influences flame properties. The role of the “equivalence ratio for diffusion flames”, that is, the product of stoichiometric ratio and the concentration ratio of fuel/oxidizer at the outer flows, is analyzed, in terms of flame shape and location. Flame shapes regimes are described in terms of equivalence ratio and velocity ratio. A “turning point” is revealed in the shift of the flame location from one stream towards the other with increasing Schmidt number. The value of the corresponding “turning point” equivalence ratio, in which the flame shift changes direction, is found to be governed by the velocity profile and specifically by the free stream velocity ratio. Moreover, this ratio is shown to control also the sensitivity of the flame location to changes in the value of the Schmidt number. Downstream velocity deceleration is also addressed, with respect to flame location and flame shape, showing a shift of the flame towards the fuel stream and a change in flame curvature. This study of the location and shape of such a flame configuration elucidates the ways these flame characteristics may be manipulated. It also points out the general region of the main production of air-pollutants in related combustion cases which exist in industry and in the outdoor-atmosphere where fire is occurring between two flows of different chemical species moving at different velocities.
Ischaemic Cardiac Disease (ICD) (2015)

Abstract Echocardiography has established appropriate areas in the evaluation of patients with known or suspected ischaemic heart disease. This chapter highlights the main risk stratifications for assessment of acute myocardial infarction. It illustrates the main complications of acute myocardial infarction (e.g. wall rupture, ventricular aneurysm, ventricular pseudoaneurysm, thrombus, pericardial effusion, mitral regurgitation) with details of incidence, timing, echocardiographic findings and implications. This chapter also details poor prognosis risk factors found in echocardiographic examination of patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease.
Association Between Early Amino Acid Intake and Full-Scale IQ at Age 5 Years Among Infants Born at Less Than 30 Weeks’ Gestation (2021)

In this cohort study, high amino acid intake at 7 days after birth was associated with an increased likelihood of an FSIQ score greater than -1 SD at age 5 years. Well-designed randomized studies with long-term follow-up are needed to confirm the benefit of this nutritional approach.
Dual-band negative-index metamaterials in the near-infrared frequency range (2007)

Near-IR metamaterials exhibiting dual-band negative-index behavior have been presented. Magnetic resonances in two bands are obtained by incorporating two resonators of different dimensions into one period of an infinitely periodic design. Negative permittivities are provided by thin silver films via the naturally available negative dielectric function at near-IR wavelengths. The desired bands of the NIM behavior can be designed by proper combinations of the magnetic resonator dimensions and the silver film thicknesses. A two-dimensional example with two negative-index bands in the near-IR spectrum was demonstrated. The two-dimensional design was then extended to a three-dimensional doubly-periodic dual-band metamaterial design. It has been pointed out that the use of silver strips or meshes in place of thin continuous films significantly improves the loss characteristics of the metamaterial.
Supplementary Video 2 from eRapa Restores a Normal Life Span in a FAP Mouse Model (2023)

&lt;p&gt;AVI file - 9806K, A 42 ppm-fed ApcMin/+ female at 1087 days of age.&lt;/p&gt;
Foldable and self-deployable pocket sized quadrotor (2015)

Aerial robots provide valuable support in several high-risk scenarios thanks to their capability to quickly fly to locations dangerous or even inaccessible to humans. In order to fully benefit from these features, aerial robots should be easy to transport and rapid to deploy. With this aim, this paper focuses on the development of a novel pocket sized quadrotor with foldable arms. The quadrotor can be packaged for transportation by folding its arms around the main frame. Before flight, the quadrotor's arms self-deploy in 0.3 seconds thanks to the torque generated by the propellers. The paper describes the design strategies used for developing lightweight, stiff and self-deployable foldable arms for miniature quadrotors. The arms are manufactured according to an origami technique with a foldable multi-layer material. A prototype of the quadrotor is presented as a proof of concept and performance of the system is assessed.
Condition-specific target prediction from motifs and expression (2014)

CSTP is available via a web-based interface at http://cstp.molgen.mpg.de.
19F and 1H shielding tensors and crystal structure of 4,4′-difluorobiphenyl (1976)

The fluorine and proton magnetic shielding tensors of 4,4′-difluorobiphenyl have been determined at 89·3 and 93 MHz, respectively. Heteronuclear decoupling was applied during a WAHUHA multiple pulse sequence in an effort to suppress heteronuclear H-F dipolar couplings in addition to homonuclear dipolar couplings. Principal values of the almost completely asymmetric fluorine shielding tensor are σ xx F = -107·4 ± 0·4, σ yy F = -49·3 ± 0·4 and σ zz F = -0·7 ± 0·4 p.p.m. relative to liquid hexafluorobenzene. The proton data could be analysed to yield two different sets of principal shielding values: σ xx I = -1·5 ± 1·5, σ yy I = -6·5 ± 1·5, σ zz I = -11·5 ± 1·5 p.p.m. and σ xx II = -5·5 ± 1·5, σ yy II = -7·5 ± 1·5 and σ zz II = - 9·5 ± 1·5 p.p.m. relative to TMS. The crystal structure of 4,4′-difluorobiphenyl has not yet been determined. As part of this work we determined its space group. Proton dipolar interactions (from wide line spectra) and 19F principal shielding directions were used to determine the orientation of the molecules in the unit cell and to ascertain that the molecules are planar in the crystal.
z-transform DFT filters and FFT's (1978)

The paper shows how discrete Fourier transformation can be implemented as a filter bank in a way which reduces the number of filter coefficients. A particular implementation of such a filter bank is directly related to the normal complex FFT algorithm. The principle developed further leads to types of DFT filter banks which utilize a minimum of complex coefficients. These implementations lead to new forms of FFT's, among which is a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\cos/\sin</tex> FFT for a real signal which only employs real coefficients. The new FFT algorithms use only half as many real multiplications as does the classical FFT.
ROLE OF THE HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX IN LEARNING MOVEMENT PARAMETERS (2006)

Purpose/Hypothesis: Previous work suggests that random order practice of motor skills, in which tasks are intermixed within the same block (e.g., C-A-B, A-B-C, B-C-A), leads to longer lasting performance benefits in neurologically healthy adults than blocked order practice, in which each task is practiced in a separate block (e.g., A-A-A, B-B-B, C-C-C). While psychological science has provided several explanations for this practice order effect (e.g., elaboration and distinctiveness; forgetting and reconstruction), the neural substrates underlying this effect remain to be determined. The purpose of our study was to probe the role of the motor cortex (M1) in learning the task-specific timing of fast discrete arm movements through application of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during practice. Number of Subjects: Forty-one young adults were randomized to 4 practice conditions (2 practice orders (Blocked, Random) 2 TMS conditions: no TMS (BP, RP), and TMS (T-BP, T-RP)). Materials/Methods: Motor tasks were 3 discrete arm movement patterns with specific spatial and temporal requirements (three elbow flexion/extension reversals). A single disruptive TMS pulse with an intensity of 120% motor threshold was synchronized to each of 135 inter-trial intervals over the biceps hotspot within M1. Learning of task-specific timing was quantified using absolute error in movement time (AE_MT) during retention phase. Results: Group comparisons between the two no-TMS conditions for the retention phase indicated the benefit of random practice (p=.004). Further, there was a significant interaction between practice order and TMS condition (p= .04). Specifically, mean AE_MT of T-RP was significant higher than that of RP (p= .012), but there were no differences between T-BP and BP (p>; .05). Conclusions: This pattern of results suggests a diferential role for M1 during random and blocked order practice in learning the task-specific temporal parameter. Clinical Relevance: Learning more about the role of MI in motor learning can inform the development of evidence-based clinical practice strategies for rehabilitation of patients with brain damage.
An Equivalent Reduced Modelling Method and its Application to Shaft—Blade Coupled Torsional Vibration Analysis of a Turbine—Generator Set (1991)

A coupled vibrating system (for example turbine-generator set), consisting of a main system (for example shaft system) and a sub-system (for example blade system) which are connected at bonding points (for example the centre boss of a blade), is equivalently reduced to a model suitable for analysis. According to this modelling technique, the eigenvalue analysis of the uncoupled flexible sub-system is done first under the assumption of the fixed bonding point. Then, an equivalent mass-spring system is produced for each eigenmode of the uncoupled subsystem. In this way, the main system plus the additional equivalent mass-spring model of the sub-system is combined into a global system model. This modelling technique is applied to the shaft-blade coupled vibration problems in an actual turbine-generator set and its effectiveness is provided with experimental test results.
Flow sorting and culture of plant protoplasts (1984)

Conditions have been established for the rapid flow analysis of leaf protoplasts of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi using a flow cytometer‐cell sorter. A procedure based upon chlorophyll autofluorescence was devised to permit the systematic evaluation of flow conditions in order to identify those under which protoplast damage was minimized. These conditions were employed for the flow sorting of protoplasts, following which it was possible to regenerate the sorted protoplasts into complete plants. The application of flow sorting is discussed for the rapid identification and selection of somatic hybrids produced by protoplast fusion.
Edge-to-edge repair of congenital familiar tricuspid regurgitation: case report. (2000)

We report a case of edge-to-edge (Alfieri's technique) repair of congenital familiar tricuspid regurgitation in a 49-year-old woman, who had severe tricuspid regurgitation, atrial septal defect with left-to-right shunt, and two stenoses in peripheral branches of the left pulmonary artery, of no clinical relevance. The repair was performed through a longitudinal inferior partial sternotomy. The atrial septal defect was closed by direct suture; the anterior and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve were sutured together. The chordae to the prolapsing medial part of the anterior leaflet were shortened by direct suture to the leaflet free edge. Annuloplasty was performed by means of a Carpentier ring. The final step was edge-to-edge approximation of the septal leaflet to the new antero-posterior position with two interrupted stitches. The hemodynamic result was excellent, and the patient eventually returned to full active life.