gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Visual Mapping of Clinical Procedures Using Ethnographic Techniques in Medical Device Design (2012)

Medical device users have a symbiotic relationship with their tools. They are adaptable and highly resourceful when targeted towards reaching their clinical goal. As a result, the ability to make sound decisions regarding the user device interface and subsequent device design requires a fundamental understanding of how device users work, how they are trained, and increasing tacit knowledge as gained through experience. This chapter presents a case study on the design of a novel catheter user interface utilizing ethnographic techniques with emphasis on contextual inquiry to determine and define design opportunity and subsequent design requirements. Integral to the project, a visual mapping of ethnographic information was generated and used to both inform the design team about the context of complex procedures to guide design decisions as well as an alternative use as a training tool for novice device users. This guide demonstrates visual ethnographic information and has been successfully used by both product development teams and in the Mayfield Clinic Endovascular 101 course material. This course targets young inexperienced practitioners and serves as an introduction to a complex type of clinical procedure.
Fiber-Optic Sensors in Bioprocess Control (2020)

This chapter gives an overview on the principles and applications of optical sensors, with particular emphasis given to problems associated with bioprocess control. Similar instrumentation may be used when absorbance, reflectance, or Raman scatter intensity are to be measured. A typical example is provided by the glucose detection principle: Glucose can be oxidized by the enzyme glucose oxidase to give gluconic acid (H) and hydrogen peroxide under consumption of oxygen. IV The following optical parameters have been used so far in spectroscopic sensors:absorbance, reflectance, interferometry light scattering, fluorescence intensity, fluorescence lifetime, chemilumines-cence, phosphorescence, thermoluminescence, and refraction index. Absorbance-based measurements have been applied in optical sensing much less often than reflectance or fluorescence measurements, because most real samples are too strongly colored to allow precise absorbance measurements, and because absorbance methods cannot be adapted to turbid solutions. The second (and more realistic type in case of FOCS) is diffuse reflection, where the light penetrates the medium and subsequently reappears at the surface after partial absorption and multiple scattering within the medium. Several models for diffuse reflectance have been proposed, all of which consider that incident light is scattered by particles within the medium. We have recently reported [20] on a quite new type of oxygen sensor with the fluorescence decay time as the information carrier.
Fiber Optics for the Cultural Heritage: Picture Varnishes as Thermosensitive Fiber-Cladding (1997)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. G. Mignani, M. Bacci, C. Trono, and A. Mencaglia, "Fiber Optics for the Cultural Heritage: Picture Varnishes as Thermosensitive Fiber-Cladding," in 12th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Vol. 16 of 1997 OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1997), paper OThB6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Debugging optimized code with dynamic deoptimization (1992)

SELF's debugging system provides complete source-level debugging (expected behavior) with globally optimized code. It shields the debugger from optimizations performed by the compiler by dynamically deoptimizing code on demand. Deoptimization only affects the procedure activations that are actively being debugged; all other code runs at full speed. Deoptimization requires the compiler to supply debugging information at discrete interrupt points; the compiler can still perform extensive optimizations between interrupt points without affecting debuggability. At the same time, the inability to interrupt between interrupt points is invisible to the user. Our debugging system also handles programming changes during debugging. Again, the system provides expected behavior: it is possible to change a running program and immediately observe the effects of the change. Dynamic deoptimization transforms old compiled code (which may contain inlined copies of the old version of the changed procedure) into new versions reflecting the current source-level state. To the best of our knowledge, SELF is the first practical system providing full expected behavior with globally optimized code.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Pulsed High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Enhances Delivery of Doxorubicin in a Preclinical Model of Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S2. Scatter plot of log-transformed normalized Dox concentration (the outcome) versus cavitation persistence.&lt;/p&gt;
State‐Dependent Drug Interactions with Ion Channels (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Ion Channels as Drug Receptors Ion Channels Adopt Multiple Conformations Biophysics Meets Pharmacology: State Dependence, Voltage Dependence, and the Modulated Receptor Model Use Dependence Physical Meaning of State Dependence State Dependence in Drug Discovery Future Directions for Ion Channel Drug Discovery
Photoinduced Development of Antibacterial Materials Derived from Isosorbide Moiety (2015)

A straightforward method for immobilizing in situ generated silver nanoparticles on the surface of a photoactivable isosorbide-derived monomer is developed with the objective to design a functional material having antibacterial properties. The photoinduced thiol-ene mechanism involved in these syntheses is described by the electron spin resonance/spin trapping technique. The resulting materials with or without silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were used as films or as coatings on glass substrate. The surface of the synthesized materials was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and their thermal and mechanical properties were evaluated by dynamic-mechanical thermal tests, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analyses, along with pencil hardness, nanoindentation, and scratch resistance tests. The photoinduced formation of Ag NPs is also confirmed by UV spectrophotometry. Finally, a primary investigation demonstrates the antibacterial properties of the isosorbide-derived material against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, as well as its cytocompatibility toward NIH 3T3 fibroblastic cells.
A Study of Parameters Influencing Metal Wastage in Fluidized Bed Combustors (2024)

Fluidized bed combustion (FBC) technology is a means of burning high-sulfur coal and various other feedstocks in an efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally acceptable manner. Unfortunately, the wearing or wastage of metal heat exchanger tubes in bubbling FBCs has been reported in a large number of units in commercial service. Presently, it is not possible to explain why some FBC units, or regions of a specific bed, undergo rapid metal loss and others do not. An eight-member cooperative R D venture was formed in 1985 to investigate metal wastage in FBCs. The objectives of the R D effort are to hydrodynamics and erosion in FBCs, (2) develop guidelines for the design and operation of FBC units with minimum metal wastage rates, and (3) demonstrate the feasibility of a continuous erosion monitor for use in pilot plant and full-scale FBC units. Computational models are being refined and used to predict the rates of metal wastage for specific FBC designs and operating conditions. The design guidelines will emerge from the understanding gained from experimental studies and analytical modeling activities. This paper updates the status of ongoing experimental studies.
Identifying human exposure pathways to flame retardants (2014)

El principal objetiu d'aquesta tesi consisteix en millorar la comprensio de com i en quina mesura els retardants de flama (RF), tant els heretats com els emergents, que estan incorporats en articles d'us diari i materials de construccio, entren en els essers humans. Per aixo, un grup de 48 mares i els seus fills/es (6-12 anys), residents a l'area metropolitana d'Oslo (Noruega), van participar en l'estudi. Es van recollir mostres biologiques, de sang (nomes de les mares) i orina, i mostres de pols i aire de l'interior de les viviendes. Per a la determinacio de RF persistents en sang es va desenvolupar un metode basat en GC-MS i un segon metode, basat en UPLC-TOF, per a la determinacio de metabolits dels RFs excretats en l'orina. Els principals RF persistents detectats en sang van ser: anti-Dechlorane Plus (0.85 ng/g lipid) > BDE -153 (0.82 ng/g lipid) > BDE -47 (0.49 ng/g lipid) > syn-Dechlorane Plus (0.45 ng/g lipid). La suma dels RF emergents va resultar en concentracions comparables a la suma dels difenil eters polibromats, essent els productes alimentaris una de las fonts mes importants de RF en aquest estudi. Els dos principals metabolits detectats en l'orina dels fills/es i les mares van ser el difenil fosfat (1 ng/ml) i el bis(1,3-dicloro-2-propil) fosfat (0.2-0.3 ng/ml). Es va trobar una estreta relacio entre les concentracions d'aquests dos metabolits en l'orina dels fills/es i les concentracions dels RF a l'aire i la pols de las vivendes. Aquest descobriment suggereix que l'ambient interior influeix mes significativament en els nivells d'organofosfats en els fills/es que altres fonts com podrien ser els productes alimentaris.
Synthesis of hydroxyl[13N]amine and binding of 13NH2OH to two transaminases (1984)

Abstract NH 2 OH was labeled with a β + emitter ( 13 N, t 1/2 = 9 96 min.). Hydroxyl[ 13 N]amine was synthesized from HSO and [ 13 N]nitrite (produced via the 16 0(p,α) 13 N reaction by proton bombardment of H 2 O). The synthesis reactions are: magnified image Hydroxyl[ 13 N]amine was purified by ion‐exchange chromatography on Dowex‐1 × 8 (AcO − ) to remove unreacted 13 NO and 13 NO . Radiochemical yields of 50–90% were obtained in 25–30 min. The purity and specific activity of 13 NH 2 OH were determined by HPLC analysis and spectrophotometric assay. The binding of 13 NH 2 OH to pig heart glutamate‐pyruvate transaminase and to pig heart glutamate‐oxaloacetate transaminase was measured. This work demonstrates that quantitation of the binding of hydroxylamine (an active‐site directed enzyme inhibitor) labeled with a positron‐emitting isotope is technically feasible.
Spaceborne tomographic SAR techniques for analyzing garbled urban scenarios: Array processing advances and experiments (2011)

SAR Tomography (Tomo-SAR) is an experimental “coherent data combination” mode allowing full 3-D imaging of complex urban and infrastructure scenarios with layover (“garbled”) scatterers, exploiting multibaseline interferometric SAR data stacks. Also deformation monitoring in garbled scenarios is possible, with the more general recently introduced Differential Tomography (Diff-Tomo) framework. Various approaches have been proposed to improve Fourier-based Tomo-SAR which is affected by unsatisfactory height sidelobe behaviour and resolution, due to the typical low number of baselines with irregular distribution. Among these approaches, superresolution multilook beamforming techniques proved to posses interesting capabilities, at the cost of operation with reduced horizontal resolution. In this work, the recently proposed knowledge-based baseline interpolation and a superresolution (Capon) method are integrated in a new Tomo-SAR processor able to offer height superresolution and sidelobe cleaning with single-look data, allowing full resolution operation, which is important in urban areas. Tests are reported with real ERS data.
Data from Breast Cancer Cells in Three-dimensional Culture Display an Enhanced Radioresponse after Coordinate Targeting of Integrin α5β1 and Fibronectin (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Tactics to selectively enhance cancer radioresponse are of great interest. Cancer cells actively elaborate and remodel their extracellular matrix (ECM) to aid in survival and progression. Previous work has shown that β1-integrin inhibitory antibodies can enhance the growth-inhibitory and apoptotic responses of human breast cancer cell lines to ionizing radiation, either when cells are cultured in three-dimensional laminin-rich ECM (3D lrECM) or grown as xenografts in mice. Here, we show that a specific α heterodimer of β1-integrin preferentially mediates a prosurvival signal in human breast cancer cells that can be specifically targeted for therapy. 3D lrECM culture conditions were used to compare α-integrin heterodimer expression in malignant and nonmalignant cell lines. Under these conditions, we found that expression of α5β1-integrin was upregulated in malignant cells compared with nonmalignant breast cells. Similarly, we found that normal and oncofetal splice variants of fibronectin, the primary ECM ligand of α5β1-integrin, were also strikingly upregulated in malignant cell lines compared with nonmalignant acini. Cell treatment with a peptide that disrupts the interactions of α5β1-integrin with fibronectin promoted apoptosis in malignant cells and further heightened the apoptotic effects of radiation. In support of these results, an analysis of gene expression array data from breast cancer patients revealed an association of high levels of α5-integrin expression with decreased survival. Our findings offer preclinical validation of fibronectin and α5β1-integrin as targets for breast cancer therapy. Cancer Res; 70(13); 5238–48. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Results of the multicenter first‐in‐man study of a novel scoring balloon catheter for the treatment of infra‐popliteal peripheral arterial disease (2007)

The ASC is highly effective in a broad range of complex lesion morphologies, in most cases as stand-alone therapy, is associated with a very low complication rate and avoids device slippage during deployment. Additional studies are planned to assess the long term efficacy of this promising new technology.
Responses of Elbow Flexors to Two Strenuous Eccentric Exercise Bouts Separated by Three Days (2006)

This study investigated whether the second eccentric exercise performed 3 days after the initial bout would exacerbate muscle damage and retard the recovery. Fifty-one athletes performed 30 eccentric actions of the elbow flexors using a dumbbell weighted 100% of the maximal isometric force (MIF) at the elbow joint angle of 90 degrees (ECC1). Three days after ECC1, all subjects except those in the control group (n = 12) performed the second bout (ECC2) with the same (100%) intensity (n = 12), 90% (n = 13), or 80% (n = 14) of the ECC1. Some subjects, especially in the 100% group, required spotting for ECC2 but made maximal effort to complete the exercise. MIF, range of motion, upper-arm circumference, muscle soreness, muscle proteins in the blood, and ultrasound images were used to assess muscle damage. Changes in these measures for 9 days following ECC1 were compared among groups by 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures. All criterion measures changed significantly after ECC1; however, no significant differences between the groups were evident for any of the changes in the measures. These results suggest that it is possible for athletes to complete the second bout if the intensity is reduced 10-20% from the initial bout. No significant differences between the control group and other groups indicate that the second eccentric exercise performed 3 days after the initial bout does not exacerbate muscle damage and retard the recovery regardless of the intensity of the second bout. It is concluded that the elbow flexors can perform high-intensity eccentric exercise in the early stage of recovery from the initial bout and are not damaged further by performing a subsequent bout 3 days after the first.
Effects of Morphology Constraint on Electrophysiological Properties of Cortical Neurons (2016)

There is growing interest in engineering nerve cells in vitro to control architecture and connectivity of cultured neuronal networks or to build neuronal networks with predictable computational function. Pattern technologies, such as micro-contact printing, have been developed to design ordered neuronal networks. However, electrophysiological characteristics of the single patterned neuron haven't been reported. Here, micro-contact printing, using polyolefine polymer (POP) stamps with high resolution, was employed to grow cortical neurons in a designed structure. The results demonstrated that the morphology of patterned neurons was well constrained, and the number of dendrites was decreased to be about 2. Our electrophysiological results showed that alterations of dendritic morphology affected firing patterns of neurons and neural excitability. When stimulated by current, though both patterned and un-patterned neurons presented regular spiking, the dynamics and strength of the response were different. The un-patterned neurons exhibited a monotonically increasing firing frequency in response to injected current, while the patterned neurons first exhibited frequency increase and then a slow decrease. Our findings indicate that the decrease in dendritic complexity of cortical neurons will influence their electrophysiological characteristics and alter their information processing activity, which could be considered when designing neuronal circuitries.
Sudden death in athletes in Trinidad and Tobago. (1991)

Sudden death related to exercise activity is a well-recognized clinical syndrome. Although the incidence is low, it is always an agonizing experience to all concerned when a young, relatively healthy individual dies suddenly. Over the last four years, we have had six proven cases of sudden death in athletes. The cause varied from congenital to acquired pathology of the heart, and there was one case of heat stroke. From this study, we were able to analyse some of the risk factors and, from a review of the literature, we are able to determine (1) the feasibility of a screening programme, and (2) the design of such a programme as would be suitable for our environment.
Metalation of 2-Heterosubstituted Naphthalenes at the 1- or 3- Position: Factors That May Determine the Regiochemistry (2010)

Upon metalation and subsequent electrophilic trapping, 2-fluoronaphthalene inevitably gives rise to regioisomeric mixtures in varying proportions, whereas 2-(trifluoromethyl) naphthalene undergoes deprotonation either at the 1- or the 3-position, depending on the choice of the reagent. On the other hand, 2-(trifluoromethoxy) naphthalene and 2-methoxynaphthalene react exclusively at the 3-position when, respectively, sec-butyllithium and superbasic reagents are employed. Steric repulsion by the peri hydrogen in combination with crowding due to coordination of the lithium atom with the methoxy group disfavors attack at the 1-position.
Data-centric networking (2005)

A fundamental innovation in the area of wireless sensor networks has been the concept of data-centric networking. In a nutshell, the idea is this: routing, storage, and querying techniques for sensor networks can all be made more efficient if communication is based directly on application-specific data content instead of the traditional IP-style addressing [74].
Inactivation of Aurora kinases and Cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 allows cancers to adopt an endoreplication and form polyploid/polyaneuploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs/PACCs) that resist antimitotic drugs (2022)

Polyploid/Polyaneuploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs/PACCs) are common in tumors and have been tightly linked with tumor heterogeneity, resistance to cancer therapy, tumor relapse, metastasis, malignancy, immunosuppression, modulation of the tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cells. The abundance of PGCCs/PACCs is markedly higher in high-grade malignant tumors than in low-grade tumors, in the metastatic foci than in the primary tumor, and in relapsing tumors post-chemotherapy than in tumors before therapy. Immunosuppressive proteins including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) were also found to be overexpressed in these cells. Such cells are known to escape from cytotoxicity induced by major anti-cancer agents including taxanes, vinca alkaloids and platinum-based chemotherapies. Therefore, they are responsible of contributing to a microenvironment advantageous for tumor growth and survival. However, the molecular mechanisms that cause these cells to form were not yet known.
Boron Emitter Formation by Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation in n-type PERT Silicon Solar Cells (2016)

The use of plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) is a relevant approach for the development of advanced solar cells technologies at lower cost (€/Wp). In this paper, we report on the development of homogeneous boron (B) doping of n-type crystalline silicon (cSi) substrate by the PIII technique. Using diborane (B2H6) as gas precursor, various doping profiles were identified fitting the requirements for boron-doped emitters in n-type PERT solar cells. Particularly, saturation current density (J0e) of 50 fA/cm2 were achieved on symmetrical samples for a 94 Ω/sg textured B-emitter passivated with SiO2/SiN stack. Bifacial n-type Passivated Emitter Rear Totally-diffused (n-PERT) solar cells were fabricated using the PIII technology and conversion efficiencies up to 19.8% on 239 cm2 Cz-Si wafers were obtained. As a consequence, these results indicate that PIII can compete with beamline technology but will have lower running cost. It is therefore a promising technology to create high efficiency cSi solar cells.
The prevalence and phenotypic features of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2016)

None.
A Unified Approach to the Daucane and Sphenolobane Bicyclo[5.3.0]decane Core: Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Daucene, Daucenal, Epoxydaucenal B, and 14‐para‐Anisoyloxydauc‐4,8‐diene (2013)

Access to the bicyclo[5.3.0]decane core found in the daucane and sphenolobane terpenoids via a key enone intermediate enables the enantioselective total syntheses of daucene, daucenal, epoxydaucenal B, and 14-para-anisoyloxydauc-4,8-diene. Central aspects include a catalytic asymmetric alkylation followed by a ring contraction and ring-closing metathesis to generate the five- and seven-membered rings, respectively.
Solution Structure of BSTI:  A New Trypsin Inhibitor from Skin Secretions of Bombina bombina, (2001)

The three-dimensional solution structure of BSTI, a trypsin inhibitor from the European frog Bombina bombina, has been solved using 1H NMR spectroscopy. The 60 amino acid protein contains five disulfide bonds, which were unambiguously determined to be Cys (4−38), Cys (13−34), Cys (17−30), Cys (21−60), and Cys (40−54) by experimental restraints and subsequent structure calculations. The main elements of secondary structure are four β-strands, arranged as two small antiparallel β-sheets. The overall fold of BSTI is disk shaped and is characterized by the lack of a hydrophobic core. The presumed active site is located on a loop comprising residues 21−34, which is a relatively disordered region similar to that seen in many other protease inhibitors. However, the overall fold is different to other known protease inhibitors with the exception of a small family of inhibitors isolated from nematodes of the family Ascaris and recently also from the haemolymph of Apis mellifera. BSTI may thus be classified as a new member of this recently discovered family of protease inhibitors.