gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Seismic Racking Test Evaluation of Silicone Used in a Four-Sided Structural Sealant Glazed Curtain Wall System (2012)

This paper presents the results of a study in which four-sided structural sealant glazing (SSG) insulating glass curtain wall units were subjected to cyclic racking test methods in accordance with AAMA 501.6 testing protocols. The test configuration included three side-by-side primary units and a corner unit. High-resolution cameras were utilized to capture instantaneous images during the racking test so that the displacement within the sealant joint could be captured and isolated from the displacement of the entire glazed unit. Drift capacity of the system in terms of glass attachment and sealant performance is reported in detail for different levels of racking displacements and boundary conditions. The overall behavior of the system is characterized, and specifically the sealant performance at a corner condition during racking drift is discussed. Additionally, expected strains in the sealant were calculated using a linear-elastic finite element model and were then compared with the strains the actual structural sealant joint underwent during system testing. Silicone sealant damage was evaluated using visual observation before and after cyclic racking. The paper discusses proposed acceptable sealant stress levels for seismic design and the durability of silicone used in the SSG system as compared to dry-glazed systems based on glass performance.
600-Hz linewidth short-linear-cavity fiber laser (2014)

We proposed a short-linear-cavity (SLC) fiber laser based on a virtual-folded-ring (VFR) resonator and a fiber Bragg grating Fabry-Perot filter. Spatial hole burning effect was reduced by retarding the polarization state of the counter-propagating light waves utilizing the VFR structure. The photon lifetime of the resonator was extended due to the multi-reflection inside the FBG FP, which increased the intra-cavity power and relatively suppressed the contribution of phase diffusion from spontaneous emission. The relaxation oscillation frequency is around 160 kHz due to the slow light effect. The linewidth of the SLC fiber laser was measured to be less than 600 Hz.
Study of the laser-plasma acceleration of ion beams with enhanced quality: The effects of nanostructured targets (2017)

Production of high-quality ion beams by intense laser–plasma interactions represents a rapidly evolving field of interest. In this paper, a nanostructured target is proposed to generate laser-driven quasi-monoenergetic ion beams with considerably reduced energy spread and enhanced peak energy. Linearly polarized, 40-fs laser pulses of intensity 8.5 × 1020 W cm−2 were considered to irradiate simple carbon foil and nanostructured targets. The proposed target consists of a thin layer of relatively high-Z atom (Ti) with a depression on its back surface which is filled by a nanosize disc of a low-Z atom (C). Reliable and reproducible results of multi-parametric Particle-in-Cell simulations show that by using a composed nanostructured target with optimum physical properties, a quasi-monoenergetic ion beam can be generated with a narrow band energy spectrum peaking at energies higher than 20 MeV. In addition, the forward-accelerated beam of low-Z carbon ions exhibits a considerably reduced transverse emittance in comparison with the ion beam obtained in the condition of a simple foil. The proposed nanostructured target can efficiently contribute to the generation of high-quality ion beams which are critical in newly growing applications and physics of laser-plasma accelerators.
Direct determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental matrices using laser desorption laser photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (1994)

A series of environmental samples contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed using laser desorption laser photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (L2TOFMS). Laser desorption removes the requirement for any sample pre-treatment and selective laser photoionization results in mass spectra containing signals corresponding principally to the contaminant PAH species. The methodology is based on the spatial and temporal separation of these evaporation and ionization steps. The instrument used is able to perform rapid, selective sample screening of contaminated soils, engine oil, coal soot and coal-tar creosote. The resulting fingerprint mass spectra indicate both the presence and composition of the PAHs in the matrices with instrumental detection limits in the sub-ppm range.
Phase stability of electrical discharges in the plasma display cell (1969)

In response to a sustaining signal impressed across a Plasma Display Panel, a cell in an "on" state exhibits a sequence of pulse discharges that occur once in each half-cycle when the cell voltage meets the Townsend breakdown condition. Experiments with Plasma Display Panels, and also, earlier observations On larger insulated gas discharge cells have shown that the firing times are precisely defined in phase. We suggest that this phase regularity is maintained by a mechanism which relates the intensity of a pulsed discharge to the slope of the exciting voltage at the time of the discharge. A small perturbation in the firing time of a discharge, therefore, changes the intensity of that discharge, The corresponding change in accumulated charge on the cell wall then changes the firing time of the next discharge in the sequence in a way that reduces the original perturbation. In the succeeding discharges the perturbation diminishes to zero exponentially. The analysis, presented in this paper, shows that the magnitude of the charge-slope relation, and the wave form of the sustaining voltage combine to determine the stability and the relaxation time of the process. In particular it shows that the perturbation can be effectively damped out in several cycles--a condition frequently observed. The talk will be illustrated by photographs of oscillograms which show different relaxation times in the approach to equilibrium.
The naming game in language dynamics revisited (2013)

This article studies a biased version of the naming game in which players located on a connected graph interact through successive conversations to bootstrap a common name for a given object. Initially, all the players use the same word B except for one bilingual individual who also uses word A. Both words are attributed a fitness, which measures how often players speak depending on the words they use and how often each word is pronounced by bilingual individuals. The limiting behavior depends on a single parameter: phi = the ratio of the fitness of word A to the fitness of word B. The main objective is to determine whether word A can invade the system and become the new linguistic convention. In the mean-field approximation, invasion of word A is successful if and only if phi &gt; 3, a result that we also prove for the process on complete graphs relying on the optimal stopping theorem for supermartingales and random walk estimates. In contrast, for the process on the one-dimensional lattice, word A can invade the system whenever phi &gt; 1.053 indicating that the probability of invasion and the critical value for phi strongly depend on the degree of the graph. The system on regular lattices in higher dimensions is also studied by comparing the process with percolation models.
Effective atomic number accuracy for kidney stone characterization using spectral CT (2010)

The clinical application of Gemstone Spectral Imaging<sup>TM</sup>, a fast kV switching dual energy acquisition, is explored in the context of noninvasive kidney stone characterization. Utilizing projection-based material decomposition, effective atomic number and monochromatic images are generated for kidney stone characterization. Analytical and experimental measurements are reported and contrasted. Phantoms were constructed using stone specimens extracted from patients. This allowed for imaging of the different stone types under similar conditions. The stone specimens comprised of Uric Acid, Cystine, Struvite and Calcium-based compositions. Collectively, these stone types span an effective atomic number range of approximately 7 to 14. While Uric Acid and Calcium based stones are generally distinguishable in conventional CT, stone compositions like Cystine and Struvite are difficult to distinguish resulting in treatment uncertainty. Experimental phantom measurements, made under increasingly complex imaging conditions, illustrate the impact of various factors on measurement accuracy. Preliminary clinical studies are reported.
Retinal degeneration in tulp1-/- mice: vesicular accumulation in the interphotoreceptor matrix. (1999)

The function of Tulp1 is required to maintain viability of rod and cone photoreceptors. Extracellular vesicular accumulation is not a common phenomenon associated with photoreceptor degeneration but appears to be a distinct ultrastructural feature shared by a small group of retinal disease models. The defect in tulp1-/- mice may be consistent with a loss of polarized transport of nascent opsin to the outer segments.
A fuzzy logic rule-based system for chromosome recognition (2002)

One of the longest standing problems in medical image analysis is that of the automated recognition of chromosomes from images of a metaphase spread of a cell. This process of visualizing and categorizing the chromosomes within a cell, called karyotyping, is a key factor in many medical procedures. It is a labor intensive activity, and hence, is a great candidate for automation. However, there are many sources of uncertainty in this problem domain, making complete karyotyping a difficult problem. We describe how fuzzy logic is being inserted into a complete karyotyping system to deal with uncertainty in similar chromosome classes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Abstract 531: Mechanistic and Functional Differences in Rna Binding and Processing Activities of the Muscle- and Non-muscle Rbfox2 Isoforms (2020)

Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the most prevalent form of adult onset muscular dystrophy, is caused by CTG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the 3’-UTR of DMPK gene. Over 80% of DM1 patients exhibit heart dysfunctions, which are the second leading cause for DM1-related deaths. Recently, we demonstrated that aberrant expression of a non-muscle splice isoform of RNA-binding protein RBFOX2 triggers cardiac conduction delay, atrioventricular heart blocks, and spontaneous arrhythmogenesis in DM1 heart. RBFOX2 is a master regulator of tissue-specific alternative splicing and a pair of mutually exclusive 43-nucleotide(nt) and 40-nt exons in its C-terminal domain encode the muscle (RBFOX2 43 ) and non-muscle (RBFOX2 40 ) isoforms. The RBFOX2 40 isoform is predominantly expressed in the fetal heart, and is replaced by the RBFOX2 43 isoform in development, specifically within the cardiomyocytes of adult hearts. To deconstruct the splicing regulatory networks of RBFOX2 43 and RBFOX2 40 isoforms, characterize their respective RNA binding landscapes, and determine the RBFOX2 40 -driven transcriptome alterations in DM1 heart tissue, we performed eCLIP and high-resolution RNA-sequencing studies on cardiomyocytes isolated from wild type (expressing the normal muscle-specific RBFOX2 43 isoform), Rbfox2 Δ43/Δ43 (expressing the non-muscle RBFOX2 40 isoform), and RBFOX2 40 overexpressing (OE) mice. By integrating genome-wide RNA binding and processing activities for the two RBFOX2 isoforms, we found that a switch from the muscle-specific (RBFOX2 43 ) to non-muscle (RBFOX2 40 ) isoform provokes DM1-like cardiac pathology by altering the mRNA abundance and splicing of genes encoding components of the conduction system and/or contractile apparatus. Further, through subnuclear fractionation and protein-protein interaction studies, we demonstrate that the higher-order assembly of LASR (large assembly of splicing regulators) complexes formed by the RBFOX2 40 isoform boost its splicing activity and promote the generation of pathogenic splice variants of voltage-gated ion channels and other components of the cardiac conduction system.
Hexagonal Cobalt Oxyhydroxide–Carbon Dots Hybridized Surface: High Sensitive Fluorescence Turn-on Probe for Monitoring of Ascorbic Acid in Rat Brain Following Brain Ischemia (2015)

In this study, we report a novel and efficient fluorescence probe synthesized by Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-derived carbon dots (CDs)-modified hexagonal cobalt oxyhydroxide(CoOOH) nanoflakes (Tris-derived CDs-CoOOH) for monitoring of cerebral ascorbic acid (AA) in brain microdialysate. The as-prepared Tris-derived CDs with the fluorescence quantum yield of 7.3% are prepared by a one-step pyrolysis strategy of the sole precursor and used as the signal output. After being hybridized with CoOOH nanoflakes to form Tris-derived CDs-CoOOH, the luminescence of the Tris-derived CDs can be efficiently quenched by CoOOH via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Due to the specific redox reaction between the enediol group of AA and hexagonal CoOOH nanoflakes, AA can reduce the hexagonal CoOOH nanoflakes in the Tris-derived CDs-CoOOH and lead to collapse of the hybrized structure, then the release of Tris-derived CDs, and thus finally the fluorescence recovery. Moreover, cobalt ions (II), generated by CoOOH nanoflakes oxidizing AA, almost have no obvious interference on the fluorescence probe, i.e., Tris-derived CDs, which could be ascribed to the surface of Tris-derived CDs containing a few strong chelation groups such as amino/carboxyl/thiol groups, instead of plenty of -OH groups with weak chelation with Co(2+). On the basis of this feature, the Tris-derived CDs-CoOOH fluorescent probe demonstrates a linear range from 100 nM to 20 μM with the detection limit of ∼50 nM, i.e., with an improved sensitivity toward AA detection. Compared with other turn-on fluorescent methods using convenient fluorophore-nitroxide fluorescent probes for detection of AA, the method demonstrated here possesses a facial synthesis route, lower limit of detection, and wider linear range, which validates sensing of AA in the cerebral systems during the calm/ischemia process. This study provides a fluorescence assay for the simple yet facial detection of AA in the cerebral systems and assists in the understanding of the biological processes in the physiological and pathological study.
Chemical Methods for the Detection of Protein N-Homocysteinylation via Selective Reactions with Aldehydes (2009)

Elevated blood levels of homocysteine (Hcy), hyperhomocysteinemia or homocystinuria, have been associated with various diseases and conditions. Homocysteine thiolactone (Hcy TL) is a metabolite of Hcy and reacts with amine groups in proteins to form stable amides, homocystamides, or N-homocysteinylated proteins. It has been proposed that protein N-homocysteinylation contributes to the cytotoxicity of elevated Hcy. Due to its heterogeneity and relatively low abundance, detection of this posttranslational modification remains challenging. On the other hand, the gamma-aminothiol group in homocystamides imparts different chemical reactivities than the native proteins. Under mildly acidic conditions, gamma-aminothiols irreversibly and stoichiometrically react with aldehydes to form stable 1,3-thiazines, whereas the reversible Schiff base formation between aldehydes and amino groups in native proteins is markedly disfavored due to protonation of amines. As such, we have developed highly selective chemical methods to derivatize N-homocysteinylated proteins with various aldehyde tags, thereby facilitating the subsequent analyses. For instance, fluorescent or biotin tagging coupled with gel electrophoresis permits quantification and global profiling of complex biological samples, such as hemoglobin and plasma from rat, mouse and human; affinity enrichment with aldehyde resins drastically reduces sample complexity. In addition, different reactivities of lysine residues in hemoglobin toward Hcy TL were observed.
Effects of two chitin synthesis inhibitors onThalassiosira fluviatilisandCyclotella cryptica (1986)

The effects of two commercial chitin synthesis inhibitors, dimilin and polyoxin D, on chitin fiber formation and cell sedimentation for the diatoms Thalassiosira fluviatilis and Cyclotella cryptica (Bacillariophyceae) were investigated. Dimilin treatments for both diatom species were indistinguishable from controls in terms of chitin fiber productions, cell density and sedimentation. Polyoxin D-treated cells of both diatom species completely lacked the characteristic chitin fibers. Polyoxin D cultures were also characterized by a significant decrease in population density, increased sedimentation rates and a strong tendency to clump in comparison with control and dimilin treatments. It was concluded that (1) dimilin does not directly inhibit chitin synthesis in diatoms; (2) polyoxin-D inhibits β-chitin fibril formation, and (3) chitin fibers play an important role in cell separation and cell buoyancy.
An Interference-Resilient 31× 15 Touch-Screen Panel Read-Out IC Based on Chirp Spread Spectrum and Pseudo Random Orthogonal Sequences (2019)

This paper presents the design of an interference-resilient mutual-capacitive touch screen panel (TSP) readout IC. To overcome the influences of an in-band interference injection, it employs hybrid spread spectrum TSP drive scheme combining chirp spread spectrum (CSS) and pseudo-random (PR) orthogonal matrix. In addition, the proposed transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with differential current scaler (DCS) provides wide dynamic range of the front end circuit only for a capacitive change of mutual-capacitance. The proposed IC was fabricated in a 0.13 μm standard CMOS. The measurement results show that the proposed IC achieves 54.2 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and 24 dB in-band interference rejection ratio with 11.5 mW power consumption. The readout IC was demonstrated with TSP having 31-drive and 15-sense electrodes.
Outcomes following mepolizumab treatment discontinuation: real-world experience from an open-label trial (2019)

Limited information is available on the clinical course of patients with severe asthma following discontinuation of biologic treatment. Therefore, a post hoc analysis was conducted in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma who participated in the COSMOS trial, where patients received mepolizumab for more than 1 year of continuous therapy. The objective of this post hoc analysis was to evaluate changes in the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ-5) and blood eosinophil counts 12 weeks after the last administration of mepolizumab. Cessation of mepolizumab was associated with a rise in the blood eosinophil count and loss of asthma control after stopping therapy. These data suggest that patients with severe disease require extended and continuous treatment. Further studies evaluating longer duration of continuous treatment with mepolizumab could help understanding of whether changes in the presentation of the disease (disease modification) are possible with the use of biologics, such as mepolizumab.
Evaluation of characteristics of transcutaneous thin transformer utilizing amorphous magnetic fiber for implantable artificial heart. (1990)

This paper deals with characteristics of a thin transformer in the shape of a disk utilizing amorphous magnetic fiber for an artificial heart system. The transformer can be applied to a patient with the primary coil placed on the surface of the body and the secondary coil implanted subcutaneously. There was small leakage flux behind the coils and relatively small change of output power by relative displacement of the coils. It could transport over 100 watts of electrical energy. When transporting 20 watts, the temperature rise of the secondary coil was about 7.5 degrees centigrade and efficiency was about 90%.
[Adenomyosis and fertility]. (1998)

Adenomyosis is a frequent pathology of the uterus for women over 40. Difficult to diagnose, adenomyosis can be responsible of pelvic pain and menorrhagia. Association with infertility is a rare event and the responsibility of adenomyosis is difficult to prove. A medical treatment with LHRH agonist can be propose to improve fertility in case of patent adenomyosis.
An algorithm for parallel incremental compaction (2002)

Garbage collectors of the mark-sweep family may suffer from memory fragmentation and require the use of compaction. Known compaction methods are expensive and work while program activity is stopped, so that compaction is often a major contributor to garbage collection pause times. We present a parallel incremental compaction algorithm that reduces pause times by working in parallel and evacuating a part of the heap when the program threads are stopped for garbage collection. Our algorithm works with collectors based on mark-sweep, including mostly concurrent collectors. We have implemented a prototype of our algorithm as part of the garbage collector in the IBM JVM. Measurements of our prototype show that even with the most simple-minded policies, e.g., for choosing the area to evacuate, parallel incremental compaction can successfully reduce maximum garbage collection pause times with a minimal performance penalty.
Coordinated bacterial and plant sulfur metabolism in Enterobacter sp. SA187–induced plant salt stress tolerance (2021)

<i>Enterobacter</i> sp. SA187 is a root endophytic bacterium that maintains growth and yield of plants under abiotic stress conditions. In this work, we compared the metabolic wirings of Arabidopsis and SA187 in the free-living and endophytic interaction states. The interaction of SA187 with Arabidopsis induced massive changes in bacterial gene expression for chemotaxis, flagellar biosynthesis, quorum sensing, and biofilm formation. Besides modification of the bacterial carbon and energy metabolism, various nutrient and metabolite transporters and the entire sulfur pathway were up-regulated. Under salt stress, Arabidopsis resembled plants under sulfate starvation but not when colonized by SA187, which reprogramed the sulfur regulon of Arabidopsis. In accordance, salt hypersensitivity of multiple Arabidopsis sulfur metabolism mutants was partially or completely rescued by SA187 as much as by the addition of sulfate, L-cysteine, or L-methionine. Many components of the sulfur metabolism that are localized in the chloroplast were partially rescued by SA187. Finally, salt-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species as well as the hypersensitivity of LSU mutants were suppressed by SA187. LSUs encode a central regulator linking sulfur metabolism to chloroplast superoxide dismutase activity. The coordinated regulation of the sulfur metabolic pathways in both the beneficial microorganism and the host plant is required for salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis and might be a common mechanism utilized by different beneficial microbes to mitigate the harmful effects of different abiotic stresses on plants.
Karyotyping of human oocytes by cenM-FISH, a new 24-colour centromere-specific technique (2005)

We demonstrate here for the first time that the identification of any numerical abnormality in oocytes is feasible using cenM-FISH. Despite the fact that the fixation efficiency remains low, the present results confirm the advantage of analysing the whole set of chromosomes to make an accurate estimation of the aneuploidy rate in human oocytes.