gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cannabidiol Effects on Post‐Seizure Neurogenesis (2020)

Epilepsy is a complex disorder characterized by a propensity to generate repetitive seizures with molecular and cognitive consequences. Many pharmacological treatments for epilepsy target neurotransmitters or ion channels, leaving nearly 30% of patients resistant to current medications. The recent approval of cannabidiol (CBD), a non‐psychotropic component of Cannabis sativa , has demonstrated the ability to lessen seizure severity and curb neuroinflammation in experimentally induced seizures in animal models. While CBD has been shown to effect multiple pathways and targets, its complete mechanism of action is still not understood. Current models of induced seizures mostly utilize treatments before or during epileptic events, though this practice does not normally occur in the clinic. Here we utilize a more translational model where CBD treatment is administered after the first seizure event. An inciting seizure increases the likelihood of secondary seizures due to epileptogenesis, where seizure susceptibility is increased due to molecular and structural changes within the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma. The epileptogenic process includes changes in axonal sprouting, cell death, neurotransmitter release, and in the hippocampus aberrant granule neural network reorganization and neurogenesis. Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, are involved in hippocampal neurogenesis, controlling apoptosis of the newborn neurons and ultimately the numbers of granule cells. The objective of this study is to investigate whether CBD modulates microglial involvement in neurogenesis post seizure. Methods Following seizure induction in 8–10 week old mice, mice are given BrdU for 7 days post seizure to monitor cell proliferation and survival. Newly generated neurons are assessed using NeuN and DCX, to identify differentiated neuroblasts and mature neurons, respectively. BrdU+ cells are used for quantification and assessment of differentiation and survival of new cells in the dentate gyrus. Neural stem cell (NSC) levels in the hippocampus are also compared using SOX2/GFAP co‐staining. Results Our data suggest that CBD affects the number of new neurons after seizure. Mechanisms contributing to neurogenesis will be explored. Conclusions CBD contributes to microglia‐mediated changes in the numbers of granule cells and neurogenesis in a model of epilepsy. Support or Funding Information This work was partially supported by an NSF Predoctoral Fellowship and SBMS funds to TRV.
Laser-induced forward transfer of carbon and chromium films in gases of one atmosphere pressure (1996)

Summary form only given. The Laser-Induced Forward Transfer (LIFT) technique utilizes pulsed laser irradiation to transfer a thin-film material from an surface to a surface. Here, we show for the first time that LIFT can produce patterned spots of desired thicknesses, and we also compare ambient gas of air versus helium at one atmosphere pressure. We utilize a focussed pulsed laser beam of high repetition rate to produce localized transfer from the emitting film to the collecting surface with high spatial resolution. The adjustment of the spot thickness is achieved by translating the emitting film after each laser pulse while keeping the irradiation spot and the collecting surface stationary.
Learning to Rank User Queries to Detect Search Tasks (2016)

We present a framework for discovering sets of web queries having similar latent needs, called search tasks, from user queries stored in a search engine log. The framework is made of two main modules: Query Similarity Learning (QSL) and Graph-based Query Clustering (GQC). The former is devoted to learning a query similarity function from a ground truth of manually-labeled search tasks. The latter represents each user search log as a graph whose nodes are queries, and uses the learned similarity function to weight edges between query pairs. Finally, search tasks are detected by clustering those queries in the graph which are connected by the strongest links, in fact by detecting the strongest connected components of the graph. To discriminate between "strong" and "weak" links also the GQC module entails a learning phase whose goal is to estimate the best threshold for pruning the edges of the graph. We discuss how the QSL module can be effectively implemented using Learning to Rank (L2R) techniques. Experiments on a real-world search engine log show that query similarity functions learned using L2R lead to better performing GQC implementations when compared to similarity functions induced by other state-of-the-art machine learning solutions, such as logistic regression and decision trees.
Design and dynamic modeling of piezoelectric laser beam shutters (2013)

The paper presents the results of numerical modelling and experiments of piezoelectric bimorph-type bending actuator for laser beam shutting system. Theoretical calculations are realized by using finite element method. The purpose of these calculations is to optimize geometric parameters of a piezoelectric bimorph, ensuring maximum resonant frequency of the first bending form and stability of oscillation amplitude. Experimental performance of piezoelectric actuators is compared with results of finite element simulations.
Prognostic Significance of Subclassification of Extracapsular Extension in Prostate Cancer: Study of 673 Patients at a Large Academic Institution (2015)

The finding of extracapsular extension (ECE) of prostate cancer (PRCA) in a radical prostatectomy (RP) specimen is a poor prognostic factor. ECE has been divided into "focal" (F) (ECE tumor dimension <0.8 mm) and "established" (E) (0.8 mm). We investigated the utility of a third category, "multifocal" (MF), comprising more than one focus of ECE (<0.8 mm), for prognosticating PRCA following RP. We conducted a retrospective analysis of biochemical recurrence and prognostic pathological variables of 673 men with stage pT3a/pT3b prostate cancer (seminal vesicle invasion, angiolymphatic invasion, positive nodes, Gleason score, pathological stage, and volume of PRCA) to determine recurrence probability and pathological features of ECE subtypes. Biochemical recurrence was defined as a postoperative PSA 0.2 ng/mL or initiation of any adjuvant therapy. Patients with previous radiation or hormonal therapy were excluded. Categorical and continuous variables were tested across subtypes using the Pearson 2 and student t-test, respectively. Progression-free probabilities (PFP) were determined by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. IBM SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. The type of ECE had significant effect on recurrence with progressively lower PFP (log rank, Breslow tests: P < .0001) and higher recurrence probability from F to E to MF (P < .002). MF and E tumors had similar pathological characteristics except for a significantly larger tumor volume in MF specimens (P < .002) with a corresponding significant interaction (P = .05) between recurrence and tumor volume. MF and E tumors exhibited worse prognostic features (P < .0001) and higher hazards ratio than F (2.52 and 2.07, respectively with 95% confidence interval). Identification of MF ECE provides important prognostic clinical information associated with increased likelihood of recurrence compared to F and E tumors.
The missionary movement (2003)

In Mansfield Park Jane Austen describes the final interview between a young lady of the smart London set and the earnest young clergyman to whom she has become attracted. The occasion is the news of a scandalous affair involving her own brother and the clergyman’s sister. The young clergyman expresses his disapprobation of their moral conduct. Mary’s reaction is:A pretty good lecture, upon my word! At this rate, you will soon reform everybody at Mansfield and Thornton Lacey, and when I hear of you next it may be as a celebrated preacher in some great society of Methodists, or as a missionary into foreign parts.1
Photocontrollable Dynamic Micropatterning of Non‐adherent Mammalian Cells Using a Photocleavable Poly(ethylene glycol) Lipid (2011)

Cells in the spotlight: A substrate was coated with a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segment bound to a lipid through a linker that was cleaved by UV irradiation to leave a PEG-coated area. Irradiation of an arbitrary pattern easily and rapidly yielded a high-contrast cell pattern. Only the targeted cells on the cell pattern were selectively detached without cell damage on a microfluidic device (see picture). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Enhanced Structural Stability of Nickel–Cobalt Hydroxide via Intrinsic Pillar Effect of Metaborate for High-Power and Long-Life Supercapacitor Electrodes (2016)

Layered α-Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> and its derivative bimetallic hydroxides (e.g., α-(Ni/Co)(OH)<sub>2</sub>) have attracted much attention due to their high specific capacitance, although their insufficient cycling stability has blocked their wide application in various technologies. In this work, we demonstrate that the cycling performance of α-(Ni/Co)(OH)<sub>2</sub> can be obviously enhanced via the intrinsic pillar effect of metaborate. Combining the high porosity feature of the metaborate stabilized α-(Ni/Co)(OH)<sub>2</sub> and the improved electronic conductivity offered by graphene substrate, the average capacitance fading rate of the metaborate stabilized α-(Ni/Co)(OH)<sub>2</sub> is only ∼0.0017% per cycle within 10 000 cycles at the current density of 5 A g<sup>-1</sup>. The rate performance is excellent over a wide temperature range from -20 to 40 °C. We believe that the enhancements should mainly be ascribed to the excellent structural stability offered by the metaborate pillars, and the detailed mechanism is discussed.
Prevention of multiple system atrophy using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by reducing polyamine and cholesterol-induced neural damages (2020)

These data indicate that MSCs protected against neuronal loss in MSA by reducing polyamine- and cholesterol-induced neural damage.
Renal replacement therapy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a single-center retrospective study (2018)

Timing of RRT initiation was not associated with a survival benefit. Prospective study in the utilization and outcomes of RRT in ARDS could assist in optimizing its usage in this population.
“Old Drugs, New Tricks” – Local controlled drug release systems for treatment of degenerative joint disease (2020)

Osteoarthritis (OA) and chronic low back pain (CLBP) caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration are joint diseases that have become major causes for loss of quality of life worldwide. Despite the unmet need, effective treatments other than invasive, and often ineffective, surgery are lacking. Systemic administration of drugs entails suboptimal local drug exposure in the articular joint and IVD. This review provides an overview of the potency of biomaterial-based drug delivery systems as novel treatment modality, with a focus on the biological effects of drug release systems that have reached translation at the level of in vivo models and relevant ex vivo models. These studies have shown encouraging results of biomaterial-based local delivery of several types of drugs, mostly inhibitors of inflammatory cytokines or other degenerative factors. Prevention of inflammation and degeneration and pain relief was achieved, although mainly in small animal models, with interventions applied at an early disease stage. Less convincing data were obtained with the delivery of regenerative factors. Multidisciplinary efforts towards tackling the discord between in vitro and in vivo release, combined with adaptations in the regulatory landscape may be needed to enhance safe and expeditious introduction of more and more effective controlled release-based treatments with the OA and CLBP patients.
Two-Phase Neural Network Model for Pollution Concentrations Forecasting (2017)

Air quality forecasting is an effective way to protect public health by providing an early warning against harmful air pollutants. Traditional methods mainly focus on neural network model. However, relationship between parameters is neglected in the learning process and model structure also limits the accuracy of forecasting. In this paper, a two-phase neural network (2-NN) model based on full connected neural network is proposed to forecast air pollutants (PM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sub> , SO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , NO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , et al) concentrations over a relatively short period of time. The model 2-NN takes mapping, tendency, and correlation into consideration to improve forecasting accuracy. For the first phase, considering the mapping relation, five meteorological parameters are used as inputs, which are fed to a back propagation neural network to get the prediction of the first phase. For the second phase, considering the tendency and correlation, some historical time series of air pollutants and one of the most influential meteorological parameters are included to forecast the prediction of the second phase. The experimental results show that 2-NN model has better forecasting performance for the air pollutants than traditional methods like SVM, Neural Network, and KNN.
Excited-state χ/sup 3/ enhancement for a p-oligophenylene derivative (2002)

A substantial enhancement in the non-resonant /spl chi//sup 3/ response from a dilute solution of the molecule p-quaterphenyl [(Ph)/sub 4/] after it has been raised to its first excited singlet electronic state [(Ph)/sub 4/*]. (Ph)/sub 4/ displays many desirable characteristics for excited-state NLO applications. These include large absorption at the pump wavelength (/spl sim/320 nm), separation of the fluorescence and triplet absorption spectral regions from the probe wavelength (/spl sim/640 nm), and very high photochemical stability. (Ph)/sub 4/ and its higher homologues (Ph)/sub n/ suffer, however, in their limited solubilities. To achieve a larger figure of merit, one must increase this concentration substantially. This follows because, in the unsaturated regime, we expect the enhancement effect to increase with the solution concentration. We have accomplished this increase in concentration by synthesis of a derivatized form of (Ph)/sub 4/, diethyl ester of quaterphenylenediacetic acid (QPDA) which is substantially more soluble than the parent molecule. Concentrations greater than 2/spl times/10/sup -3/ M were readily achieved. Here we show that QPDA displays large nonlinearity in its excited-state (QPDA*) similar to (Ph)/sub 4/. We will also discuss the transient behavior of this nonlinearity as probed by femtosecond time-resolved degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM); its behavior will be compared to that obtained for the underivatized molecule.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Sedation of Children during Measurement of CSF Opening Pressure: Lack of Standardisation in German Children with Pseudotumor Cerebri (2011)

Pain and stress management in children undergoing LP for CSF opening pressure measurement is often insufficient. Pain, stress and the variability of PSA regimen may be confounders of pressure measurement. In order to prevent false diagnoses of PTC and to obtain comparable results at different centers, a general consensus on PSA in children undergoing LP for CSF opening pressure measurements is required.
Documentary Educational Resources: A Brief Oral History (2013)

These interviews tell the story of one of modern independent cinema’s most successful distributors. Documentary Educational Resources (DER) was founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1971 by ethnographic filmmakers John Marshall and Timothy Asch in order to distribute their own films, but through the work of DER directors Sue Cabezas and Cynthia Close, DER expanded and now distributes hundreds of films by nearly three hundred filmmakers from around the world. Cabezas and Close discuss their struggles to come to grips with the expansion of the field of ethnographic film and to maintain DER’s relevance within continually changing technologies.
Development of a semi-selective medium for improved isolation of the turfgrass dollar spot pathogenSclerotinia homoeocarpafrom host tissues (2014)

Dollar spot, caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, is one of the most economically devastating diseases of amenity turfgrasses worldwide. The pathogen is readily isolated from active lesions, but detection from seed, dormant host tissue and other plant debris that may serve as a source of primary inoculum is difficult. A semi-selective medium was developed to enhance isolation of S. homoeocarpa. Various fungicides used on turfgrass, the pH indicator dye bromophenol blue, and two pH levels, were assessed for their effects on, and in the case of bromophenol blue, response to growth of S. homoeocarpa and contaminant fungi frequently isolated from field and seed samples. Amendment of the medium to pH 4 promoted growth of S. homoeocarpa in the absence of fungicides and enhanced pathogen growth relative to contaminant isolates on medium amended with 0.1 μg mL−1 triticonazole or 5 μg mL−1 azoxystrobin. The growth rate of S. homoeocarpa on these three media, as determined by in vitro radial growth assays, was consistent for many isolates representing the majority of S. homoeocarpa vegetative compatibility groups. Isolation efficiency on the pH-amended media was tested against antibiotic-amended potato dextrose agar from field samples and artificially inoculated turfgrass seed. In both cases, the medium amended to pH 4 and containing 5 μg mL−1 azoxystrobin significantly decreased contaminant growth with no adverse effects on recovery of S. homoeocarpa in comparison with antibiotic-amended PDA. The enhanced specificity of this medium will be a useful tool for selective detection of S. homoeocarpa and identification of sources of initial inoculum for dollar spot development.
AN-2728, a PDE4 inhibitor for the potential topical treatment of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. (2009)

Cytokines are signaling molecules that are believed to be key factors in perpetuating the inflammatory process in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. AN-2728, being developed by Anacor Pharmaceuticals Inc, is a topically administered, boron-containing, anti-inflammatory compound that inhibits PDE4 activity and thereby suppresses the release of TNFalpha, IL-12, IL-23 and other cytokines. At the time of publication, three phase Ib clinical trials, a IIa trial and a IIb trial of AN-2728 in patients with psoriasis had been completed; the compound was also undergoing phase II development for atopic dermatitis, but no data were available for this indication. AN-2728 was reported to be well tolerated and to demonstrate significant effects on markers of efficacy, with results that were comparable to positive controls. AN-2728 appears to have good therapeutic potential, although further and larger trials are required to assess the long-term safety and characterize the broad utility of this drug.
Experimental determination and finite element model validation of the anand viscoplasticity model constants for snagcu (2005)

The major focus of this work was the experimental determination of the nine constants required for Anand's viscoplastic constitutive model for a lead-free solder alloy, 95.5Sn3.8AgO.7Cu. A series of tensile experiments were carried out: constant displacement rate tests with strain rates ranging from 6.0E-5/s to 1.0E-3/s at temperatures of 20/spl deg/C, 75/spl deg/C, and 125/spl deg/C; constant load tests at a range of loads from 8MPa to 64MPa for the same temperature range. The test specimen was a cast dog bone shape based on the ASTM E 8M-01 standard, with a diameter of 4mm and a gauge length of 20mm. Nonlinear least-squares fitting was used to determine the model constants. Comparisons were then made with experimental measurements of the stress-inelastic strain curves: excellent agreement was found. A finite element model of the test was also constructed using ANSYS 8.1 software. This software includes the Anand model as an option for its range of viscoplastic elements, requiring that the nine constants be input. In this case, an 8-noded axisymmetric element (VISCO108) was used to model the test specimen under constant displacement rate loading. The model was then used to predict the stress-inelastic strain curve under constant displacement rate conditions and this was compared to both the experimental measurements and the fitted Anand model. It was found that the Anand model and finite element predictions matched the experimental stress-inelastic strain curves for small strain rates, but that at higher strain rates the strain hardening behaviour of the solder was not captured accurately. The benchmarking of the ANSYS software showed that the Anand model was being implemented as expected. Using the fitted parameters in an FE model of an electronic component undergoing thermal cycling is likely to give acceptable results as the strain rates in this case are comparatively small.
The physical properties of nonionic waterborne polyurethane with a polyether as side chain (2012)

Abstract A series of nonionic waterborne polyurethanes (WPU) based on hydrogenated methylene diphenylene diisocyanate, polybutylene succinate diol, polybutylene adipate diol, polyethylene glycol, and diethylene glycol as chain extender were synthesized with a polyether, MPEG‐(OH) 2 , as side chain. The physical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, hardness, molecular weight, kinetic viscosity, and so on were detected. The WPUs made with polyesters have the best tensile strength but the lowest elongation. Because of the hydrophilic property of MPEG‐(OH) 2 grafted on the WPUs, they have obvious increases of solid contents and water absorptions with the ratio of MPEG‐(OH) 2 . The functional group ratio of NCO/OH is another reason affecting the hydrophilic properties of the WPUs. In addition, the water ratios of the dispersions dramatically affect the stability of WPU systems. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL MACROCYCLIC SYSTEM: 1,3,5‐TRI(2,6)PYRIDACYCLOHEXAPHANE‐2,4,6‐TRIONE (1979)

Abstract Auf dem im Reaktionsschema angegebenen Weg wurde das Trion (VI) hergestellt.