gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Profile Soft-Seal Cuff, a New Endotracheal Tube, Effectively Inhibits an Increase in the Cuff Pressure Through High Compliance Rather than Low Diffusion of Nitrous Oxide (2001)

We assessed the nitrous oxide (N(2)O) gas-barrier properties of a new endotracheal tube cuff, the Profile Soft-Seal Cuff (PSSC) (Sims Portex, Kent, UK). The tracheas of randomly selected patients were intubated with the Trachelon (Terumo, Tokyo, Japan), Profile Cuff (PC) (Sims Portex), or PSSC (n = 15 for each) endotracheal tube. Cuffs were inflated with air, and intracuff pressure was measured during anesthesia with 67% N(2)O. The concentration of N(2)O in cuffs was measured at the end of anesthesia. Postoperative sore throat was assessed. The volume-pressure relationship and thickness of the cuff were also measured. Cuff pressure, which increased gradually during anesthesia, was significantly less in the PSSC and PC groups than in the Trachelon group. The PSSC had smaller pressure than the PC 120 min after the start of anesthesia (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the N(2)O concentration in cuffs among the groups, although the PSSC had the thinnest cuff with the highest compliance. The incidence of postoperative sore throat in the Trachelon group was significantly higher than in the other two groups. In summary, the PSSC effectively inhibits an increase in cuff pressure during anesthesia with N(2)O. The underlying mechanism is probably the higher compliance of the thinner cuff, rather than a reduction in N(2)O diffusion into the cuff.
Nonequilibrium Green's functions theory for the alpha factor of quantum cascade lasers (2017)

International audience
Supplementary Materials and Figure 1 from The G691S RET Polymorphism Increases Glial Cell Line–Derived Neurotrophic Factor–Induced Pancreatic Cancer Cell Invasion by Amplifying Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling (2023)

Supplementary Materials and Figure 1 from The G691S RET Polymorphism Increases Glial Cell Line–Derived Neurotrophic Factor–Induced Pancreatic Cancer Cell Invasion by Amplifying Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling
Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Activity of Dietary Blueberry against Estrogen-Mediated Breast Cancer (2013)

Berries are gaining increasing importance lately for their chemopreventive and therapeutic potential against several cancers. In earlier studies, a blueberry-supplemented diet has shown protection against 17β-estradiol (E2)-mediated mammary tumorigenesis. This study tested both preventive and therapeutic activities of diet supplemented with whole blueberry powder (50:50 blend of Tifblue and Rubel). Animals received 5% blueberry diet, either 2 weeks prior to or 12 weeks after E2 treatment in preventive and therapeutic groups, respectively. Both interventions delayed the tumor latency for palpable mammary tumors by 28 and 37 days, respectively. Tumor volume and multiplicity were also reduced significantly in both modes. The effect on mammary tumorigenesis was largely due to down-regulation of CYP 1A1 and ER-α gene expression and also favorable modulation of microRNA (miR-18a and miR-34c) levels. These data suggest that the blueberry blend tested is effective in inhibiting E2-mediated mammary tumorigenesis in both preventive and therapeutic modes.
Radioimmunodetection of Atherosclerotic Lesions Focusing on the Accumulation Mechanism of Immunoglobulin G (2016)

In the diagnosis of atherosclerosis, detailed evaluation of biomarkers related to its lesion formation is desired for estimation of its progression rate. In our previous proteomic studies of atherosclerosis mice, the protein level of thrombospondin-4 (TSP4) in the aorta, but not in plasma, elevated relatively with atherosclerotic plaque formation. Therefore, we supposed that TSP4 would be a potential biomarker for diagnostic imaging of atherosclerotic progression. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) has been widely used as a basic molecule of imaging probes providing images specific to their target biomolecules, owing to the antigen-antibody reaction. Therefore, we first developed anti-TSP4 monoclonal IgG radiolabeled with 99mTc (99mTc-TSP4-mAb). 99mTc-TSP4-mAb showed higher accumulation in atherosclerotic aortas of apoE−/− mice (atherosclerotic model mice); however, we found that the non-targeted monoclonal IgG radiolabeled with 99mTc also showed similar distribution in atherosclerotic aortas of apoE−/− mice. IgG has also known to accumulate nonspecifically in the immunological disease such as inflammatory arthritis. However, the accumulation mechanism of IgG has still been unclear in detail. In this chapter, we would like to introduce recent topics on atherosclerotic imaging, focused on our work exploring the accumulation mechanisms of IgG in atherosclerotic lesions, and elucidating the usefulness of radiolabeled IgG images in the diagnosis of atherosclerosis.
Cycloisomerization between Aryl Enol Ether and Silylalkynes under Ruthenium Hydride Catalysis: Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted Benzofurans (2017)

Metal-catalyzed cycloisomerization reactions of 1,n-enynes have become conceptually and chemically attractive processes in the search for atom economy, which is a key subject of current research. However, metal-catalyzed cycloisomerization between aryl enol ether and silylalkynes has not been developed. The ruthenium hydride complex catalyzed cycloisomerization between aryl enol ether and silylalkynes is reported to give benzofurans having useful functional groups, vinyl and trimethylsilylmethyl, on the 2- and 3-positions, respectively.
Study of skin–fabric interactions of relevance to decubitus: friction and contact‐pressure measurements (2007)

TFA measurements allow the objective and reliable study of the tribology of the skin-textile biointerface and will be used to develop medical textiles with improved performance and greater efficacy for decubitus prevention.
Regression Quantiles with Errors-In-Variables (2005)

In a lot of situations, variables are measured with errors. While this problem has been previously studied in the kontext of kernel regression, no work has been done in quantile regression. To estimate this function we use deconvoluting kernel estimators. The asymptotic behaviour of these estimators depends on the smoothness of the noise distribution.
Emergence of Multidrug Resistance in Leukemia Cells During Chemotherapy: Mechanisms and Prevention (2002)

Multifactorial resistance to extracellular stimuli is one of the major factors of tumor progression. Cells can acquire a multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype in response to a wide variety of stress-inducing agents including chemotherapeutic drugs. In addition to the mechanisms expressed in the tumor prior to chemotherapy (presumably these mechanisms allowed tumor cells to escape the control of growth and differentiation), a complex phenotype of pleiotropic resistance is presented in the residual or recurrent tumor. This review analyzes the molecular mechanisms of MDR acquisition with the focus on hematopoietic malignancies. In particular, the chemotherapy-induced up-regulation of P-glycoprotein, a broad-specificity transmembrane efflux pump, is considered a major event in establishment of MDR in leukemia cells that were sensitive before drug exposure. The pharmacological and genetic approaches to prevent the acquisition of Pgp-mediated MDR during chemotherapy are discussed.
Mo-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} cermet research and development (1997)

This report describes the results to date of a program that was initiated to predict and measure residual stresses in Mo-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} cermet-containing components and to develop new materials and processes that would lead to the reduction or elimination of the thermal mismatch stresses. The period of performance includes work performed CY95-97. Excessive thermal mismatch stresses had produced cracking in some cermet-containing neutron tube components. This cracking could lead to a loss of hermeticity or decreased tube reliability. Stress predictions were conducted using finite element models of the various components, along with the thermal coefficient of expansion (CTE), Young`s modulus, and strength properties. A significant portion of the program focused on the property measurements for the existing cermet materials, processing conditions, and the measurement technique. The effects of differences in the properties on the predicted residual stresses were calculated for existing designs. Several potential approaches were evaluated for reducing the residual stresses and cracking in cermet-containing parts including reducing the Mo content of the cermet, substituting a ternary alloy with a better CTE match with alumina, and substituting Nb for Mo. Processing modifications were also investigated for minimizing warpage that occurs during sintering due to differential sintering. These modifications include changing the pressing of the 94ND2 alumina and changing to a 96% alumina powder from AlSiMag.
Viscous computations of cold air/air flow around scramjet nozzle afterbody (1991)

The flow field in and around the nozzle afterbody section of a hypersonic vehicle was computationally simulated. The compressible, Reynolds averaged, Navier Stokes equations were solved by an implicit, finite volume, characteristic based method. The computational grids were adapted to the flow as the solutions were developing in order to improve the accuracy. The exhaust gases were assumed to be cold. The computational results were obtained for the two dimensional longitudinal plane located at the half span of the internal portion of the nozzle for over expanded and under expanded conditions. Another set of results were obtained, where the three dimensional simulations were performed for a half span nozzle. The surface pressures were successfully compared with the data obtained from the wind tunnel tests. The results help in understanding this complex flow field and, in turn, should help the design of the nozzle afterbody section.
Autophagy-Dependent Metabolic Reprogramming Sensitizes TSC2-Deficient Cells to the Antimetabolite 6-Aminonicotinamide (2013)

This study provides proof-of-concept that therapeutic targeting of diseases with hyperactive mTORC1 can be achieved without the application of mTORC1 inhibitors.
Effect of chloride and glutamate ions on in vitro protein synthesis by the moderate halophile Vibrio costicola (1984)

Vibrio costicola grown in the presence of different NaCl concentrations contains cell-associated Na+ and K+ ions whose sum is equal to or greater than the external Na+ concentration. In the presence of 0.5 M NaCl, virtually no in vitro protein is synthesized in extracts of cells grown in 1.0 M NaCl. However, we report here that active in vitro protein synthesis occurred in 0.6 M or higher concentrations of Na2SO4, sodium formate, sodium acetate, sodium aspartate, or sodium glutamate, whereas 0.6 M NaF, NaCl, or NaBr completely inhibited protein synthesis as measured by polyuridylic acid-directed incorporation of [14C]phenylalanine. Sodium glutamate, sodium aspartate, and betaine (0.3 M) counteracted the inhibitory action of 0.6 M NaCl. The cell-associated Cl- concentration was 0.22 mol/kg in cells grown in 1.0 M NaCl. Of this, the free intracellular Cl- concentration was only 0.02 mol/kg. Cells contained 0.11 mol of glutamate per kg and small concentrations of other amino acids. All of the negative counterions for cell-associated Na+ and K+ have not yet been determined. In vitro protein synthesis by Escherichia coli was inhibited by sodium glutamate. Hybridization experiments with ribosomes and the soluble (S-100) fractions from extracts of E. coli and V. costicola showed that the glutamate-sensitive fraction was found in the soluble, not the ribosomal, part of the system. The phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase of V. costicola was not inhibited by 0.5 M or higher concentrations of NaCl; it was slightly more sensitive to high concentrations of sodium glutamate. Therefore, this enzyme was not responsible for the salt response of the V. costicola in vitro protein-synthesizing system.
Investigation on Flat-Fan Spray Characterization in High-Speed Air Coflow for Gas Turbine Online Water Washing Application (2021)

Abstract Fouling in compressor blades due to dirt deposition is a major issue in land-based gas turbines as it impedes the compressor performance and degrades the overall engine efficiency. The online water washing approach is an effective alternate for early-stage compressor blade cleaning and to optimize the time span between offline washing and peak availability. In such case, typically a series of flat-fan nozzles are used at the engine bell mouth to inject water sprays into the inflowing air. However, optimizing the injector operating conditions is not a straightforward task mainly due to the tradeoff between blade cleaning effectiveness and material erosion. In this context, the knowledge on spray characteristics prior to blade impingement play a vital role, and the experimental spray characterization is crucial not only to understand the basic process but also to validate numerical models and simulations. The present paper investigates spray characteristics in a single flat-fan nozzle operated in the presence of a coflowing air within a wind-tunnel. A parametric investigation is carried out using different air flow velocity in the tunnel and inlet water temperature, while the liquid flow rate was maintained constant. The spray cone angle and liquid breakup length are measured using back-lit photography. The high-speed shadowgraphy technique is used for capturing the droplet images downstream of the injector exit. The images are processed following depth-of-filed correction to measure droplet size distribution. Droplet velocity is measured by the particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) technique. As both droplet size and velocity are known, the cross-stream evolution of local droplet mass and momentum flux are obtained at different axial locations which form the basis for studying the effectiveness of the blade cleaning process due to droplet impingement on a coupon coated with foulant of known mass.
Ferromagnetic Resonance of Mn/Sb Multilayered Films with Artificial Superstructure (1988)

Ferromagnetic resonance of epitaxially grown Mn/Sb multilayered films is studied between 4.2 and 270 K. The resonance field depends systematically on the MnSb layer thickness ranging from 3.6 to 43 Å. Uniaxial anisotropy constants, K 1 and K 2 are determined for each sample from the angular dependence of the resonance field. The easy axis for the magnetization turns from in the plane of the film to along normal to the film for the thickness less than 7.2 Å at 4.2 K. A possible interfacial effect on the change of the easy direction is proposed.
On the influence of track geometry quality on the running characteristics of the vehicles – results from the EC-founded research project DYNOTRAIN (2013)

Running characteristics’ of rolling stock are assessed using a process defined in EN 14363. Track geometry is an essential parameter for this. This contribution describes methods for&#13;\ndealing with track geometry in the assessment process and some proposals for an improvement. Different types of track geometry characterisation are assessed on their effectiveness in describing the running characteristics in a regression model.&#13;\nThe test data gathered in Dynotrain is used for this. Multiple&#13;\nregression is proposed to be used as a method to transform&#13;\ntest data from one set of track geometry conditions to another&#13;\nset. This allows the quantification of the influence of track geometry&#13;\non the vehicle’s running behaviour.
철도인프라 데이터 스키마기반 정보모델의 유효성 검증 알고리즘 개발 (2017)

본 논문에서는 철도 시설물 객체 표현을 위한 엔티티 확장과 속성 확장을 목표로 개발된 스키마기반 정보모델의 논리조건과 형상조건에 대한 적합성 검증을 위해 정보모델의 데이터 무결성을 유지하기 위한 형식오류와 표준적합성 검증(Verification)할 수 있는 정보모델 관리도구와 정보모델의 논리조건과 형상조건 유지하기 위한 형상정보와 속성정보를 검증(Validation)할 수 있는 정보모델 가시화 도구를 통해 데이터 스키마기반 정보모델의 유효성 검증 알고리즘을 개발하기 위한 방안을 도출하였다.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Fixation Options for Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures (2014)

Sliding hip screw fixation is likely more cost-effective for stable intertrochanteric fractures (A1) or those with questionable stability (A2), whereas intramedullary nail fixation is more cost-effective for reverse obliquity fractures (A3). These conclusions are highly sensitive to the fixation failure rate, which was the major influence on the model results.
J044114 Fiber-Reinforced Gel Electrolyte for Battery (2012)

Li-ion rechargeable battery is a one of key technologies to decrease greenhouse gas. However, the mechanical strjpnth of the Li-ion battery is not enough to use under severe environmental conditions. To improve the mechanical strjpnth, we previously developed novel gel-electrolyte for the battery by using techniques of high-strjpnth gels. Here we propose reinforced gel-electrolyte containing fibers or/and polymers. We succeeded in preparing reinforced poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) gels containing PMMA-fiber or PMMA-polymer. It is found that the Young's moduli of the gels were improved from those of the normal PMMA gels. The addition of Li-ion also strjpnthens the gels. Further, the frequency dependence of the impedance of PMMA-gels was measured to characterize the electric conductivity. These results show the possibility of developing the gel electrolyte for rechargeable batteries with high strjpnth.
Prevalence of IgE-Binding to Art v 1, Art v 4 and Amb a 1 in Mugwort-Allergic Patients (2007)

Allergen-specific in vitro diagnosis was performed in 100 pediatric mugwort-allergic serum samples. Using two allergens (Art v 1 and Art v 4), 91% of the patients could be identified as mugwort pollen-sensitized patients by IgE in vitro tests. Crossreactivity to ragweed pollen allergens was demonstrated by in vitro experiments, suggesting a new important and potent allergen source expanding across Europe.
Carbon Fibres: Production, Properties and Potential Use (2017)

Carbon fiber is composed of carbon atoms bonded together to form a long chain. The fibers are extremely stiff, strong, and light, and are used in many processes to create excellent building materials. Carbon fiber material comes in a variety of "raw" building-blocks, including yarns, uni-directional, weaves, braids, and several others, which are in turn used to create composite parts. The properties of a carbon fiber part are close to that of steel and the weight is close to that of plastic. Thus the strength to weight ratio (as well as stiffness to weight ratio) of a carbon fiber part is much higher than either steel or plastic. Carbon fiber is extremely strong. It is typical in engineering to measure the benefit of a material in terms of strength to weight ratio and stiffness to weight ratio, particularly in structural design, where added weight may translate into increased lifecycle costs or unsatisfactory performance.
Gene replacement therapy in two Golgi-retained CMT1X mutants before and after the onset of demyelinating neuropathy (2023)

X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 (CMT1X) is a demyelinating neuropathy resulting from loss-of-function mutations affecting the <i>GJB1</i>/connexin 32 (Cx32) gene. We previously showed functional and morphological improvement in <i>Gjb1</i>-null mice following AAV9-mediated delivery of human Cx32 driven by the myelin protein zero (Mpz) promoter in Schwann cells. However, CMT1X mutants may interfere with virally delivered wild-type (WT) Cx32. To confirm the efficacy of this vector also in the presence of CMT1X mutants, we delivered AAV9-<i>Mpz-GJB1</i> by lumbar intrathecal injection in R75W/<i>Gjb1</i>-null and N175D/<i>Gjb1</i>-null transgenic lines expressing Golgi-retained mutations, before and after the onset of the neuropathy. Widespread expression of virally delivered Cx32 was demonstrated in both genotypes. Re-establishment of WT Cx32 function resulted in improved muscle strength and increased sciatic nerve motor conduction velocities in all treated groups from both mutant lines when treated before as well as after the onset of the neuropathy. Furthermore, morphological analysis showed improvement of myelination and reduction of inflammation in lumbar motor roots and peripheral nerves. In conclusion, this study provides proof of principle for a clinically translatable gene therapy approach to treat CMT1X before and after the onset of the neuropathy, even in the presence of endogenously expressed Golgi-retained Cx32 mutants.
Data from AI-Assisted <i>In Situ</i> Detection of Human Glioma Infiltration Using a Novel Computational Method for Optical Coherence Tomography (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;In glioma surgery, it is critical to maximize tumor resection without compromising adjacent noncancerous brain tissue. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive, label-free, real-time, high-resolution imaging modality that has been explored for glioma infiltration detection. Here, we report a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted method for automated, real-time, &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; detection of glioma infiltration at high spatial resolution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Volumetric OCT datasets were intraoperatively obtained from resected brain tissue specimens of 21 patients with glioma tumors of different stages and labeled as either noncancerous or glioma-infiltrated on the basis of histopathology evaluation of the tissue specimens (gold standard). Labeled OCT images from 12 patients were used as the training dataset to develop the AI-assisted OCT-based method for automated detection of glioma-infiltrated brain tissue. Unlabeled OCT images from the other 9 patients were used as the validation dataset to quantify the method detection performance.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Our method achieved excellent levels of sensitivity (∼100%) and specificity (∼85%) for detecting glioma-infiltrated tissue with high spatial resolution (16 μm laterally) and processing speed (∼100,020 OCT A-lines/second).&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Previous methods for OCT-based detection of glioma-infiltrated brain tissue rely on estimating the tissue optical attenuation coefficient from the OCT signal, which requires sacrificing spatial resolution to increase signal quality, and performing systematic calibration procedures using tissue phantoms. By overcoming these major challenges, our AI-assisted method will enable implementing practical OCT-guided surgical tools for continuous, real-time, and accurate intraoperative detection of glioma-infiltrated brain tissue, facilitating maximal glioma resection and superior surgical outcomes for patients with glioma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Virologic outcomes in early antiretroviral treatment: HPTN 052 (2017)

Several clinical and demographic factors were identified that were associated with longer time to viral suppression and virologic failure. Recognition of these factors may help optimize ART for HIV treatment and prevention.