gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stability of Sugar Solutions: A Novel Study of the Epimerization Kinetics of Lactose in Water (2014)

This article reports on the stereochemical aspects of the chemical stability of lactose solutions stored between 25 and 60 °C. The lactose used for the preparation of the aqueous solutions was α-lactose monohydrate with an anomer purity of 96% α and 4% β based on the supplied certificate of analysis (using a GC analytical protocol), which was further confirmed here by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. Aliquots of lactose solutions were collected at different time points after the solutions were prepared and freeze-dried to remove water and halt epimerization for subsequent analysis by NMR. Epimerization was also monitored by polarimetry and infrared spectroscopy using a specially adapted Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) method. Hydrolysis was analyzed by ion chromatography. The three different analytical approaches unambiguously showed that the epimerization of lactose in aqueous solution follows first order reversible kinetics between 25 to 60 °C. The overall rate constant was 4.4 × 10(-4) s(-1) ± 0.9 (± standard deviation (SD)) at 25 °C. The forward rate constant was 1.6 times greater than the reverse rate constant, leading to an equilibrium constant of 1.6 ± 0.1 (±SD) at 25 °C. The rate of epimerization for lactose increased with temperature and an Arrhenius plot yielded an activation energy of +52.3 kJ/mol supporting the hypothesis that the mechanism of lactose epimerization involves the formation of extremely short-lived intermediate structures. The main mechanism affecting lactose stability is epimerization, as no permanent hydrolysis or chemical degradation was observed. When preparing aqueous solutions of lactose, immediate storage in an ice bath at 0 °C will allow approximately 3 min (180 s) of analysis time before the anomeric ratio alters significantly (greater than 1%) from the solid state composition of the starting material. In contrast a controlled anomeric composition (~38% α and ~62% β) will be achieved if an aqueous solution is left to equilibrate for over 4 h at 25 °C, while increasing the temperature up to 60 °C rapidly reduces the required equilibration time.
Occupant Tenability in Single Family Homes: Part II: Impact of Door Control, Vertical Ventilation and Water Application (2017)

This paper describes experimental investigations of fire service ventilation and suppression practices in full-scale residential structures, including a one-story, 112 m2, 3 bedroom, 1 bathroom house with 8 total rooms and a two-story 297 m2, 4 bedroom, 2.5 bathroom house with 12 total rooms. The two-story house featured a modern open floor plan, two-story great room and open foyer. Seventeen experiments were conducted varying fire location, ventilation locations, the size of ventilation openings and suppression techniques. The experimental series was designed to examine the impact of several different tactics on tenability: door control, vertical ventilation size, and exterior suppression. The results of these experiments examine potential occupant and firefighter tenability and provide knowledge the fire service can use to examine their vertical ventilation and exterior suppression standard operating procedures and training content. It was observed that door control performed better at controlling the thermal exposure to occupants than did fully opening the door. Additionally, the impact of increased vertical ventilation area was minimal, and only slightly reduced the thermal exposure to occupants in a few non-fire rooms. In the two-story structure, the non-fire rooms on the second floor consistently had larger thermal fractional effective rate (FER) values (approximately 2.5× the thermal risk to oocupants) than did the non-fire rooms on the first floor. Water application was also shown to reduce the thermal risk to occupants 60 s after water application 1/3rd the original values on second floor rooms of the two-storry structure and by at least 1/5th of the original values on the first floor rooms of both structures. Data also showed that the impact of front door ventilation on the toxic gases exposure was minimal, as the toxic gases FER actually increased after front door ventilation for several experiments. However, after vertical ventilation there was a 30% reduction in the toxic gases exposure rate in two of the one-story structure experiments.
Table 1 from Poly (ADP) Ribose Glycohydrolase Can Be Effectively Targeted in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1 describes BRCA and KRAS status of PDX models and IC50 of PDDX-001 and olaparib in PDAC/PDX lines&lt;/p&gt;
Simple single‐step single‐enzyme synthesis of [14C]‐GSH (2010)

Abstract The tri‐peptide [ 14 C]‐glutathione ([ 14 C]‐GSH) was synthesized in a single step by GSH synthetase catalyzed reaction of L ‐γ‐glutamyl‐ L ‐cysteine and [ 14 C]‐glycine. Preparative reverse phase HPLC afforded [ 14 C]‐GSH in 30% yield and 98% purity. Preparation of GSH synthetase from E. coli via recombinant DNA and the interconversion of [ 14 C]‐GSH to the disulfide [ 14 C]‐GSSG for storage are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Interest in the slingram EM method for archaeological prospecting (1984)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1984Interest in the slingram EM method for archaeological prospectingAuthors: Alain TabbaghAlain TabbaghCentre de Recherches Geophysiques, Univ. of Paris VI, Francehttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1894348 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InReddit Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1894348FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byGeophysical Methods for Cultural Heritage29 March 2018 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1984 ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645 Copyright: 1984 Pages: 856 publication data© 1984 Copyright © 1984 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 24 Mar 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Alain Tabbagh, (1984), "Interest in the slingram EM method for archaeological prospecting," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 206-208. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1894348 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymic Conversion of Deuterated Analogues of δ‐L‐α‐ Aminoadipoyl‐L‐cysteinyl‐D‐allylglycine, an Unnatural Substrate for Isopenicillin N Synthase: A Unified Theory of Second Ring Closure (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Universal optimal model predictive control of multi-phase AC converters (2016)

One step ahead optimal Model Predictive Control (MPC) has been developed and demonstrated by simulation for current control in various - frequently used power converters, namely, 2 level, 3 level, matrix (MxC) and Vienna converters. The universal m * n power converter with (m) inputs and (n) outputs was modeled by switching matrix whose elements define on/off states of power devices. To allow modeling of unidirectional switching devices (diodes) where conduction (and thus switching state) depend on current polarity, additional current polarity matrix was introduced. New switching matrix for converters with both types of devices was defined as dot product (products of individual elements) of original switching matrix and current polarity matrix. The matrix elements - switching states that drive power section were selected by minimization of cost function by search algorithm. The multi - objective cost function, depends on converter topology and control objectives, in general have terms for quality of current tracking, minimization of switching frequency, balancing of dc bus voltage, reactive power minimization, power structure losses minimization etc. The different formulations of cost functions that enable penalization of individual switches for loss minimization, current tracking and DC link voltage balancing in multi-level inverters and operation of Vienna converter were analyzed and compared.
A mutation inactivating the distal SF1 binding site on the human anti-Müllerian hormone promoter causes persistent Müllerian duct syndrome Acknowledgments and Funding (2019)

International audience
Abstract 17088: Use of Intracoronary Nicardipine to Reverse Spontaneous Coronary Slow Flow (2017)

Introduction: An under-recognized cause of chest pain and acute coronary syndromes, the coronary slow flow (CSF) phenomenon is characterized by delayed coronary opacification during diagnostic angi...
A Hamster Model for the Induction of Intraductal Papillary Carcinoma in the Main Pancreatic Duct (2009)

We present a hamster model for the induction of intraductal papillary carcinoma (IPC) in the main pancreatic duct that mimicks human intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas. Hamsters underwent cholecystoduodenostomy with dissection of the distal end of the common duct. In this hamster model, reflux of bile into the pancreatic ducts was recognized and IPCs were frequently induced in the main pancreatic duct after the administration of a chemical carcinogen. The induced IPCs showed many similarities with human IPMN, i.e., the tumor development from the main or large pancreatic ducts, intraductal papillary growth with a histological pattern of papillary proliferation of tumor cells, and low-grade malignancy. Our hamster model could be a useful animal model for investing human IPMN.
Comparison of the coating process and in vitro dissolution of 3 mm gastro-resistant minitablets and 5 mm gastro-resistant tablets with pantoprazole. (2019)

Minitablets are solid oral forms, which, due to their size (1-3 mm), may be easily swallowed by children. The administration of minitablets in a certain number of units allows for flexible dosing for a broad age group of paediatric patients, which is particularly important for modified-release drugs. In this study, enteric-coated minitablets (3 mm) with pantoprazole were developed and compared to conventional tablets (5 mm). Eudragit L 30D 55<sup>®</sup> and Acryl Eze II<sup>®</sup> films, which were 50 and 80 μm thick, respectively, were applied using two different fluid bed systems. The increase in the pantoprazole release rate occurred not only due to the application of a thinner film but also due to the reduction in the size of the core independent of the coating apparatus that was used. In contrast to minitablets, the thin film's thickness was insufficient for 5 mm tablets and a loss of gastro-resistance was observed. The insertion of minitablets into a hard gelatine capsule did not affect drug release from the minitablets under <i>in vitro</i> conditions.
Optimization and application of non-native Phragmites australis transcriptome assemblies (2023)

Phragmites australis (common reed) has a cosmopolitan distribution and has been suggested as a model organism for the study of invasive plant species. In North America, the non-native subspecies (ssp. australis) is widely distributed across the contiguous 48 states in the United States and large parts of Canada. Even though millions of dollars are spent annually on Phragmites management, insufficient knowledge of P. australis impeded the efficiency of management. To solve this problem, transcriptomic information generated from multiple types of tissue could be a valuable resource for future studies. Here, we constructed forty-nine P. australis transcriptomes assemblies via different assembly tools and multiple parameter settings. The optimal transcriptome assembly for functional annotation and downstream analyses was selected among these transcriptome assemblies by comprehensive assessments. For a total of 422,589 transcripts assembled in this transcriptome assembly, 319,046 transcripts (75.5%) have at least one functional annotation. Within the transcriptome assembly, we further identified 1,495 transcripts showing tissue-specific expression pattern, 10,828 putative transcription factors, and 72,165 candidates for simple sequence repeats markers. The identification and analyses of predicted transcripts related to herbicide- and salinity-resistant genes were shown as two applications of the transcriptomic information to facilitate further research on P. australis. Transcriptome assembly and selection would be important for the transcriptome annotation. With this optimal transcriptome assembly and all relative information from downstream analyses, we have helped to establish foundations for future studies on the mechanisms underlying the invasiveness of non-native P. australis subspecies.
A general framework for information extraction using dynamic span graphs (2019)

Yi Luan, Dave Wadden, Luheng He, Amy Shah, Mari Ostendorf, Hannaneh Hajishirzi. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers). 2019.
Fragmentierung stickstoffhaltiger Peroxide (1968)

Abstract Peroxide mit γ‐ständigem Stickstoff ( 1, 8, 2, 11 ) erleiden in Lösung schnelle Zersetzung. Dabei entwickeln die von Benzhydrazid abgeleiteten Peroxide 2 und 11 Stickstoff, während die den Peroxiden 1 und 8 zugrunde liegenden Alkylhydrazine quantitativ entalkyliert werden. Besonders bemerkenswert ist die Bildung von Benzoesäure‐methylester aus 2 in Abwesenheit von Methanol. Die Abhängigkeit der Zerfallsgeschwindigkeiten von den Lösungsmitteln sowie von zugesetzten Säuren und Basen deuten auf einen polaren Zerfall nach Art einer Grobschen Fragmentierung.
Cell Differentiation and Carcinogenesis (1992)

In recent years, the confrontation of scientists in basic research with the problem of cancer has yielded a multitude of new findings and new approaches in theory and research. While the selection of promising research approaches in the past tended to be fortuitous and accidental, i.e., was based on isolated observations of differences between normal and malignant cells, in recent years it has also become possible to investigate cancerous diseases with a well-defined aim, following certain basic principles of cell and molecular biology.
How should I treat a pulmonary artery rupture occurring during a right heart catheterisation in the cathlab? (2017)

A 67-year-old woman was referred to our cardiology unit for ankle swelling and dyspnoea. Her medical history included a permanent atrial fibrillation treated with warfarin, a moderate tricuspid regurgitation treated with furosemide and a previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis. Her cardiovascular risk factors were arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Clinical examination found signs of chronic right heart failure, an irregular rhythm, and a grade III/VI holosystolic murmur at the lower left sternal border on auscultation. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed severe laminar tricuspid regurgitation due to an important annular dilatation, as measured by pulsed wave Doppler (Figure Left ventricular ejection fraction was preserved (55%) and the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) was measured at 18 cm, suggesting preserved right ventricle function. Measurement of pulmonary artery pressure was not obtained because of the laminar tricuspid regurgitation. The case was discussed by our local Heart Team and it was decided that, according to ESC guidelines 1 , surgery (tricuspid annuloplasty) was indicated.
Effect of UVA and PUVA on alloactivating and antigen-presenting capacity of human epidermal Langerhans cells. (1987)

Human epidermal cell suspensions (EC), obtained with a suction blister technique and enzyme digestion, were irradiated with various doses of UVA with (PUVA) or without previous incubation with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP). EC were then cocultured with allogeneic T cells or pulsed with the soluble antigen purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) for 90 min before being cocultured with autologous T cells. While low doses of UVA induced a small but significant increase in the PPD-specific T-cell response, both PUVA and higher doses of UVA induced dose-dependent reductions. The allogeneic T-cell responses were reduced with PUVA, as well as with UVA, in a dose-dependent fashion. PUVA was far more effective than UVA in reducing both allogeneic and antigen-specific T-cell responses. There were no differences between numbers of DR-positive cells in EC before, immediately after or 24 h after PUVA or UVA radiation, and quantitative determination of EC HLA-DR molecules using an indirect radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique did not reveal any difference between PUVA-treated and non-irradiated cells.
The relationship between the spatial structure of communities and residents' behavioral patterns (2018)

少子高齢化時代の町づくりにおいて、問題の早期発見と介入は重要課題の一つである。筆者らは先行研究で、自殺希少地域の住民は援助希求能力が有意に高いことを明らかにした。本研究では、コミュニティの空間構造が住民の思考や行動様式に影響を及ぼすという仮説を立て、特に海部町の「路地」の多さに注目して分析を行った。路地推定ロジックを構築し、都内にてロジック一致率を確認後、海部町および近隣エリアにて路地存在率を算出した。海部町は路地存在率が最も高かった。同町では高齢者でも徒歩で移動し、路地に置かれた”ベンチ”で通りすがりにおしゃべりし、共同洗濯物干し場では頻繁な情報交換が行われている。住民や地域の困りごとが無意識のうちに共有され、早期介入につながっている可能性が考えられた。
Détroits, isthmes, passages… : Addendum (2017)

3. S. Darthou a cette formule trs pertinente dans Posidon en terre d 'Athnes , p. 193.
A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Promoter of Porcine ARHGAP24 Gene Regulates Aggressive Behavior of Weaned Pigs After Mixing by Affecting the Binding of Transcription Factor P53 (2022)

Abstract Background: Weaned pigs often have more aggressive behavior after mixing, which has negative effects on animal welfare and growth performance. Identification of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to aggressive behavior of pigs would provide valuable molecular markers of aggressive behavioral trait for genetic improvement program. Rho GTPase Activating Protein 24 ( ARHGAP24 ) gene plays an important role in regulating the process of axon guidance, which may impact aggressive behavior of pigs. Results: By re-sequencing the entire coding region, partially adjacent introns and the 5’ and 3’ flanking regions, 6 and 4 SNPs were identified in the 5’ flanking region and 5’ untranslated region (UTR) of porcine ARHGAP24 gene, respectively. Association analyses revealed that 9 SNPs were significantly associated with aggressive behavioral traits ( P = &lt; 1.00 × 10 −4 - 4.51 × 10 −2 ), and their haplotypes were significantly associated with aggressive behavior ( P = &lt; 1.00 × 10 −4 - 2.99 × 10 −2 ). The core promoter region of ARHGAP24 gene was identified between -670 bp and -1113 bp. Furthermore, the luciferase activity of allele A of rs335052970 was significantly less than that of allele G, suggesting the transcriptional activity of ARHGAP24 gene was inhibited by allele A of rs335052970. It was identified that the transcription factor p53 bound to the transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) containing allele A of rs335052970. In porcine primary neural cells, p53 bind to the target promoter region of ARHGAP24 gene, reduce its promoter transcriptional activity, and then reduce its messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression through axon guidance pathway. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that ARHGAP24 gene had significant genetic effects on aggressive behavioral traits of pigs. Therefore, rs335052970 in ARHGAP24 gene can be used as a molecular marker to select less aggressive pigs and improve animal welfare.
DORIAN G.W. SMITH (1934–2013): (2015)

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Dorian G.W. Smith was born in London, England, in 1934. After his schooling, he did national service with the Royal Air Force in the UK and Germany, kindling an interest in flying which later led to a pilot's license. He then studied at University College London before moving to
Benzimidazol-2-ylcarbinols and Benzimidazol-2-yl Ketones:  Novel Bifunctional Chelating Ligands for Copper (1996)

Tris- and bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)carbinols and tris- and bis(benzimidazol-2-yl) ketone, were prepared from lithiated 1-substituted benzimidazole. The Cu(I) and Cu(II) complexes of the exocyclically conjugated ketone are the first examples of bis(bis(benzimidazole)copper complexes.
Using Real Time Fluid Properties Data in Providing Accurate Results for Managed Pressure Drilling and Improved Drilling Control (2018)

Abstract Narrow mud windows often cause a lot of trouble when using conventional drilling techniques due to the difficulty of maintaining the bottomhole pressure between the maximum pore pressure and minimum fracture pressures of the exposed formations. This can lead to wellbore influx, formation damage and fluid loss. Managed pressure drilling (MPD) is an adjustable drilling technique that will help balance and maintain the annulus pressure, within a desired margin. Using MPD will enhance drilling performance, reduce nonproductive time (NPT), and increase safety. Operators usually acquire fluid property measurement by either PVT analysis to account for downhole effect of pressure and temperature on density and rheology, or using experimental lab data with downhole fluid properties. These measurements are used to calculate the equivalent circulating density, and control surface back pressure (SBP) via MPD surface choke. Acquiring real-time downhole data for fluid properties like density and rheology, at a high frequency, will lead to precise calculations of the equivalent circulating density (ECD), and the annular frictional losses. Real-time monitoring of ECD and pressure drop allows for optimal control over the annular pressure throughout the drilled section, which in turn reduces the risk of kick occurrence and lost circulation. Satisfactory results were achieved with the use of real-time data in MPD; where no stuck pipe or well control incidents were recorded. In this paper, we will demonstrate the steps taken to obtain real-time data measurements of the properties and the operational details that led to improved performance of MPD.
Patterns of quantitative food‐specific IgE‐antibodies and reported food hypersensitivity in 4‐year‐old children (2007)

Quantitative measurements of IgE-AB to milk, egg and fish are useful to evaluate IgE-associated FHS in preschool children also in a population based sample. Such measurements appear to be of limited value for soy bean and wheat, in particular as a screening method.
Role of Additives during Deracemization Using Temperature Cycling (2018)

Temperature cycling, alongside Viedma ripening, has been established as a reliable method for deracemizing racemic mixtures of chiral compounds that crystallize as a conglomerate. Here we report that the speed of temperature cycling can be increased by using chiral additives. We also demonstrate that the chirality of the additive determines the final enantiomeric state of the solid phase. Viedma ripening experiments using equivalent conditions, with and without chiral additives, are always found to be slower.
On the time gating of SPADs in a synchronized time-gated SPAD array in Raman spectroscopy (2017)

The effect of the timing of the biasing of a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) on the accuracy of a time-gated SPAD array has been studied in this work. The measurement was realized in a time-gated Raman spectrometer utilizing a 16×256 CMOS SPAD array with on-chip time gating electronics. SPADs have to be biased into the Geiger-mode just before arriving Raman scattered photons from the sample to achieve synchronous measurements with a pulsed laser, and to minimize the dark count noise. The practical realization is, however, not straight-forward due to the strict timing requirements (~50ps). With the shown biasing arrangement high timing accuracy and low noise can be achieved without sacrificing the fill factor of the detector array.