gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of microstructure for AM60 magnesium alloy cast into copper mold on electrochemical characteristics (2010)

Magnesium alloys are remarkably corroded in chloride environments. The fundamental corrosion behavior of AM60 magnesium alloy cast into copper mold was investigated through a polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Metallographic characteristics were evaluated by optical microscopy using the sample in the conditions of as cast, as solution-treated and as aged. The solution-treated sample showed an excellent corrosion resistance because of its homogeneous microstructure. The other samples have poor corrosion resistance compared with the solution-treated sample. Cross sectional observation of the sample corroded under the constant quantity of electric charge revealed that inhomogeneity of microstructure advanced active dissolution of the pit bottom. The electrochemical characteristics for AM60 magnesium alloy related closely to their microstructure.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Type Cyclization of Dienes. Part 2. The Regio‐ and Stereoselectivity of Radical Cyclopentane Synthesis from Dienes via Alkenylmercury Salts. (1988)

Abstract On treatment with Hg(OAc) 2 the diene (I), prepared starting from 2‐hydroxy‐tetrahydropyran, cyclizes regioselectively to give the cyclopentane derivatives (II).
SPHERE: a Novel Approach to 3d and Active Sound Localization (2022)

In everyday life, localizing a sound source entails more than the sole extraction of auditory cues to define its three-dimensions: spatial hearing also takes into account the available visual information (e.g. cues to sound position) and resolves perceptual ambiguities through active listening behavior (e.g. exploring the auditory environment with head movements). We introduce a novel approach to sound localization in 3D named SPHERE which exploits a commercially available Virtual Reality Head-mounted display system with real- time kinematic tracking to combine all of these elements (controlled positioning of a real sound source, recording of participants’ responses in 3D, controlled visual stimulations and active listening behavior). SPHERE allows accurate sampling of 3D spatial hearing abilities, and allows detection and quantification of the contribution of active listening.
[PP.24.26] ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECTS OF A CENTRAL ARTERIOVENOUS ANASTOMOSIS ARE MEDIATED THROUGH PROFOUND REDUCTION IN SYSTEMIC VASCULAR RESISTANCE (2017)

Objective: The creation of a central iliac arteriovenous (cAV) anastomosis incorporates a segment of vein into the arterial circuit using an anastomotic nitinol coupler device. We present hemodynamic changes following cAV implantation that reveal the potential antihypertensive mechanism of action.Design and method: A 74 year old Caucasian female with chronic uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) (Office BP (OBP) 190/90 mmHg), and stage II chronic kidney disease was treated with the cAV coupler. She was taking liquid Furosemide 20 mg daily due to multiple medication intolerances. The coupler was inserted in a standard catheterization laboratory setting. A fixed calibre 4 mm conduit was created between the right external iliac artery and vein. Hemodynamic changes were evaluated with left and right heart catheterization, OBP and ambulatory BP (ABP). Results: Opening of the coupler led to instantaneous, substantial on-table reduction in mean arterial pressure (MAP) due to a sudden and profound reduction in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) by 38% (see figure and table). There was a corresponding increase in stroke volume (SV; 24%), cardiac output (CO; 39%), and heart rate (HR; 14%) compared to baseline. At 6 months follow up there were further reductions in SVR (50%) and MAP (24%) compared to baseline. There were also immediate (1-day post-coupler), and durable (6-months post-coupler) reductions in OBP (32/19 mmHg) and ABP (16/22mmHg) without medication changes. Conclusions: The dramatic reduction in SVR post coupler insertion has not been previously demonstrated utilising pharmacotherapy or device therapies for HTN. A cAV anastomosis offers a unique mechanical treatment option for HTN and may be of particular benefit in patients with arterial stiffness in whom, sympathomodulation has diminished impact.
Analysis of Sub-tc and Supra-tc Motions in Protein Gb1 Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations (2009)

The functions of proteins depend on the dynamical behavior of their native states on a wide range of timescales. To investigate these dynamics in the case of the small protein Gb1, we analyzed molecular dynamics simulations with the model- free approach of nuclear magnetic relaxation. We found amplitudes of fast timescale motions (sub-tc, where tc is the rotational correlation time) consistent with S 2 obtained from spin relaxation measurements as well as amplitudes of slow timescale motions (supra-tc) in quantitative agreement with S 2 order parameters derived from residual dipolar coupling measurements. The slow timescale motions are associated with the large variations of the 3 J couplings that follow transitions between different conforma- tional substates. These results provide further characterization of the large structural fluctuations in the native states of proteins that occur on timescales longer than the rotational correlation time.
Design space exploration for complex automotive applications (2016)

With technological advances, significant changes are taking place in automotive domain. Modern automobile combines functionalities ranging from safety critical functions such as control systems for engine to navigation and infotainment. To meet the performances requirements of these systems, automotive industry is shifting to multi-core systems. This increases the design complexity. Efficient and fast design space exploration frameworks are required to deal with this design complexity. This paper presents a framework for exploring automotive application design on multi-core systems. It considers an automotive-specific application modeling language named Amalthea and a distributed-memory multi-core system architecture for execution. The effectiveness of our framework is shown on an engine control application.
DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH STRENGTH BOLT STEELS WITH HIGH DELAYED FRACTURE RESISTANCE (2001)

This paper presents the development trends of high strength bolt steels and the research and development of high strength bolt steels with high delayed fracture resistance.
Multi-channel Classification of Respiratory Sounds (2006)

In this study, respiratory sounds of pathological and healthy subjects were analyzed via frequency spectrum and AR model parameters with a view to construct a diagnostic aid based on auscultation. Each subject is represented by 14 channels of respiratory sound data of a single respiration cycle. Two reference libraries, pathological and healthy, were built based on multi-channel respiratory sound data for each channel and for each respiration phase, inspiration and expiration, separately. A multi-channel classification algorithm using K nearest neighbor (k-NN) classification method was designed. Performances of the two classifiers using spectral feature set corresponding to quantile frequencies and 6th order AR model coefficients on inspiration and expiration phases are compared.
Supplemental Figure 7 from The Genomic Landscape of Intrinsic and Acquired Resistance to Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors in Patients with Hormone Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S7&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Amino Acid‐Protecting Groups (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Randomized Control Trial Of Anti-Inflammatory Regional Hypothermia On Urinary Continence During Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (2018)

The present study seeks to present a single-blind, randomized control trial of a hypothermic anti-inflammatory device, the endorectal cooling balloon (ECB), to assess whether regional hypothermia could improve 90-day and time to pad-free continence following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Five high-volume surgeons at three institutions had patients randomized (1:1) to regional hypothermia with ECB versus control. Patients were blinded to device use, as it was inserted and removed intraoperatively. Knowledge of device use was restricted to the operating room personnel only; recovery room and ward nursing staff were not informed of device use and instructed to indicate such if a patient inquired. An independent and blinded data acquisition contractor assessed outcomes via components of the EPIC and IPSS. The primary outcome was categorical pad-free continence at 90-days and the secondary outcome was a Kaplan-Meier time-to pad-free continence at 90 days. 100 hypothermia and 99 control patients were included. The primary outcome of 90-day pad-free continence was 50.0% (27.8-70.0%) in the hypothermia group versus 59.2% (33.3-78.6%) in the control (p = 0.194). The secondary outcome of Kaplan Meier analysis for time to 90-day continence was not statistically significant. At one year, there were also no statistically significant differences in continence recovery. Post-hoc analysis revealed a trend towards improvement in continence in one of three sites. Overall, the trial demonstrated no benefit to regional hypothermia either in our primary or secondary outcomes. It is suggested that surgical technique and prevention of surgical trauma may be more advantageous to improving continence recovery.
Measurement of chlorine nitrate in the stratosphere using the ν4 and ν5 bands (1996)

We present laboratory measurements of the absorption cross sections of the ν 5 band (540–580 cm −1 ) of chlorine nitrate made under stratospheric conditions of temperature and pressure. We use the measured cross sections and observed mid‐infrared stratospheric emission spectra to retrieve mid‐latitude vertical mixing ratio profiles for both day and night in the altitude range 20–34 km, and compare the results with a sunset profile obtained simultaneously from solar absorption measurements of the ν 4 Q branch at 780 cm −1 . The profiles obtained using these two methods are shown to be in excellent agreement, validating retrievals using the ν 4 band. We also find good agreement in this altitude range between the observed day/night ratio and the results of a 1‐D photochemical model
Methanol Electro-Oxidation on Bimetallic PtMo/C Catalysts and Pt/C - Mo/C Mechanical Mixtures (2016)

The role of molybdenum in carbon-supported Pt-Mo electrocatalysts was studied with the aim of obtaining active materials to be used as anodes in the methanol electro-oxidation reaction. The catalysts were synthesized by the thermolysis of Mo and Pt carbonyls. Two series were obtained: bimetallic PtMo/C, and Pt/C plus Mo/C mechanical mixtures. The Mo content was changed, with the atomic ratio ranging from 0.0 to 1.0. XRD and XPS analyses of the fresh materials indicated the presence of Pt0 and molybdenum oxides (MoOx). XRD of Mo/C treated electrochemically at constant potential in H2SO4 confirmed the formation of molybdenum bronzes with different protonation degrees (HxMoO3 0.3 < x < 2). Cyclic voltammetry indicated that Mo/C does not present the capacity to oxidize methanol nor the intermediate species, but it did show promoter behavior. In the PtMo/C series, low molybdenum contents present the maximum promoting effect on methanol electro-oxidation, as evidenced by lower onset potentials for the methanol oxidation reaction with respect to the Pt/C catalyst. Similar results were registered by the mechanical mixtures, where the Pt sites are separated from the molybdenum bronzes, suggesting that Pt poisoned sites, caused by methanol electro-adsorption, are cleaned by the interaction with molybdenum bronzes (HxMoO3) through a process of surface diffusion of oxygen-containing species.
Performance analysis of optimum combining in wireless communications with Rayleigh fading and cochannel interference (1998)

Optimum combining for space diversity reception is studied in digital cellular mobile radio communication systems with Rayleigh fading and multiple cochannel interferers. This paper considers binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation in a flat Rayleigh-fading environment when the number of interferences L is no less than the number of antenna elements N(L/spl ges/N). The approach of this paper and its main contribution is to carry out the analysis in a multivariate framework. Using this approach and with the assumption of equal-power interferers, it is shown that the probability density function of the maximum signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) at the output of the optimum combiner has a Hotelling T/sup 2/ distribution. Closed form expressions using hypergeometric functions are derived for the outage probability and the average probability of bit error. Theoretical results are demonstrated by Monte Carlo simulations.
Leukemia in Patients with Breast Cancer Following Adjuvant Chemotherapy and/or Postoperative Radiation Therapy (1994)

We investigated the possible etiological role of adjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative radiation therapy in the development of leukemia. A case-control design with four controls matched to each case of leukemia from a cohort of women who had been treated for breast cancer during the years from 1970 to 1985 was used. Thirteen (0.23%) of the women in this cohort developed leukemia over varying lengths of follow-up time, ranging from 3 to 14 years. A higher percentage of the leukemia cases previously had adjuvant chemotherapy compared to their matched controls (54% versus 13%). The relative odds estimate of developing leukemia after chemotherapy compared to no chemotherapy was 14.8 (95% C.I. (1.8; 125.3) p < 0.01). This estimate and the test of statistical significance was based on the likelihood function for matched sets with one case and more than one control. Approximately the same percentage of leukemia cases as their controls had received postoperative regional radiation therapy (28% versus 23%). No significant association was found between postoperative radiation therapy and development of leukemia. A combination of adjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative radiation therapy was found more frequently in the leukemia cases than in their matched controls (33% versus 9%). The leukemia developing in patients having received adjuvant chemotherapy was frequently therapy resistant, resulting in a short survival.
Elements of interactivity in telephone conversations (2004)

The term “interactivity” has been defined in numerous ways in the context of communications, but a definition of interactivity as an instrumentally measurable parameter of conversations is still missing. In this paper, we approach this issue by applying a parametric analysis to telephone conversations recorded during speech quality tests. To this end, we extract the basic conversational parameters like speech activity, mutual silence and double talk as well as a set of conversation events like speaker alternation rate and interruption rate. Comparing two types of scenarios for conversational speech quality assessment and exploring four different situations with regard to transmission delay, we aim at understanding the interdependencies between the conversational parameters which are basic for studying interactivity. This is intended to, ultimately, lead to an instrumental metric distilled from the relevant parameters.
Experimental investigation on reduced exposure to pollutants indoors by applying wearable personalized ventilation (2013)

A wearable personalized ventilation unit able to improve inhaled air quality and reduce risk from airborne disease contamination is reported. The performance of the personalized ventilation device relies on control over the flow interaction near the face of a person by inserting a reduced amount of clean air into the breathing zone. Experiments at 23°C (73.4°F) were performed in a full-scale test room with a breathing thermal manikin resembling a seated occupant in a state of thermal comfort, with a realistic free convection flow around the body and breathing cycle. The room air was mixed with tracer gas. The personalized ventilation supplied isothermally clean air from circular or elliptical nozzles of different diameters (equivalent diameter: 0.025–0.035 m [0.08–0.12 ft]) positioned near the mouth of the manikin. The enhancement of inhaled air quality was studied by varying the initial velocity (0.2–0.6 m/s [0.66– 1.97 fps]), the distance between the nozzles and the mouth (0.02–0.06 m [0.07–0.2 ft]), or the direction of the jet (front, side, or below). The personalized ventilation made it possible to increase up to 94% the portion of clean air into the air inhaled. A wearable personalized ventilation unit can significantly reduce (more than six times) the number of secondarily infected occupants compared to mixing ventilation.
Regulation of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Binding to Receptors on Bovine Calf Testis Membranes by Cholera Toxin-Sensitive Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein (1988)

In a previous study we reported that FSH receptors in bovine testes membranes are physically and functionally associated with a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (N protein). In this study we examined the mechanism whereby GTP binding to N protein regulates FSH binding to its receptors. Binding of FSH to receptors decreased in the presence of GTP in a dose-dependent and noncompetitive manner. This effect did not require the presence of Mg+2 and is in contrast to the reported requirement for Mg+2 for GTP effects on human CG binding to ovarian receptors. Equilibrium binding experiments indicated that decreased hormone binding in the presence of GTP was not due to a decrease in the number of FSH receptors per se; rather, the altered binding isotherm was the result of a decrease in affinity of receptors for FSH. Moreover, the dissociation of [125I]human FSH from preformed FSH-receptor complex was rapid in onset and significantly accelerated in the presence of GTP. In a series of nucleotides, GTP was most effective in causing this effect. Evidently, occupancy of GTP binding sites on the N protein, including low affinity and high capacity sites, is necessary for GTP regulation of FSH binding to receptors. The fact that pretreatment of bovine testis membranes with cholera toxin plus NAD, but not pertussis toxin plus NAD, eliminates the GTP effect on FSH binding to its receptors suggests that the GTP regulatory binding protein mediating the GTP regulation of FSH binding is probably Ns and not Ni. Further characterization of FSH receptor sensitivity to GTP, however, indicated that the N protein involved does not exhibit all of the characteristics reported for Ns. For example, the affinity of GTP for N protein is relatively low even under conditions where GTP hydrolysis has a minimal effect in reducing the total concentration of GTP. Also, the absence of a requirement for Mg+2 in high affinity FSH receptor-N protein coupling is different from the requirement for Mg+2 seen with the beta-adrenergic receptor and Ns. Moreover, the N protein which mediates GTP regulation of FSH-receptor binding appears to be relatively insensitive to N-ethylmaleimide, unlike the N-ethylmaleimide sensitivity of the turkey erythrocyte Ns. These results suggest that differences may exist in the structure-function features of GTP regulatory binding protein associated with different types of hormone ligands and receptors.
On the predictability of postoperative complications for cancer patients: a Portuguese cohort study (2021)

Abstract Postoperative complications following cancer surgeries are still hard to predict despite the historical efforts towards the creation of standard clinical risk scores. The differences among score calculators, contribute for the creation of highly specialized tools, with poor reusability in foreign contexts, resulting in larger prediction errors in clinical practice. This work aims to predict postoperative complications risk for cancer patients, offering two major contributions. First, to develop and evaluate a machine learning-based risk score, specific for the Portuguese population using a retrospective cohort of 847 cancer patients undergoing surgery between 2016 and 2018, predicting 4 outcomes of interest: i) existence of postoperative complications, ii) severity level of complications, iii) number of days in the Intermediate Care Unit (ICU), and iv) postoperative mortality within 1 year. An additional cohort of 137 cancer patients was used to validate the models. Second, to support the study with relevant findings and improve the interpretability of predictive models. In order to achieve these objectives, a robust methodology for the learning of risk predictors is proposed, offering new perspectives and insights into the clinical decision process. For postoperative complications the mean Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) was 0.69, for complications’ severity mean AUC was 0.65, for the days in the ICU the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) was 1.07 days, and for one-year postoperative mortality the mean AUC was 0.74, calculated on the development cohort. In this study, risk predictive models which may help guide physicians at estimating cancer patient’s risk of developing surgical complications were developed. Additionally, a web-based decision support system is further provided to this end.
Recovery of CYP3A function following single doses of grapefruit juice (2003)

Clinical Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics (2003) 73 , P94–P94; doi:
Perovskites as Geo-inspired Oxygen Storage Materials for Chemical Looping and Three-Way Catalysis: A Perspective (2018)

With highly tunable composition, structure, and chemical-physical properties, perovskite oxides represent a large family of mixed-oxide materials that finds many energy- and environment-related applications. This perspective discusses the fundamentals and applications of perovskite oxides in the context of chemical looping and three-way catalysis (TWC). Both applications make use of perovskite oxides’ oxygen storage and donation properties (>400 μmol O/g) under macroscopic reduction–oxidation (redox) cycles and at elevated temperatures. While perovskite oxides have been investigated as oxygen storage materials (OSMs) and three-way catalysts for more than five decades, use of these oxides in chemical looping, as oxygen carriers or redox catalysts, is a relatively new topic. This article provides an account of the effects of compositional, structural, and surface properties of perovskites on their oxygen storage and donation properties as well as their interactions with various gaseous reactants. Design and optimization strategies of tailored perovskite OSMs for chemical looping and TWC are discussed. Emerging applications of perovskite-based redox catalysts for chemical looping partial oxidation are also covered.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Organocatalysis Involving Iminium, Enamine, Somo, and Photoredox Activation (2011)

Abstract Review: 58 refs.