gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cathepsins and osteosarcoma: Expression analysis identifies cathepsin K as an indicator of metastasis (2007)

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant bone tumor with a poor survival rate for patients with metastasis. Previous studies have shown that beside other proteases, distinct sets of cathepsins are involved in the process of metastasis of different tumors. In this study we investigated the expression of cathepsin proteases in human osteosarcoma metastasis. First, the mRNA expression of 14 human cathepsins was studied in SAOS-2 osteosarcoma cells and the highly metastatic LM5 and LM7 sublines by reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression of cathepsin D, K, and L mRNA was found upregulated and that of cathepsin F, H, and V downregulated in the highly metastatic LM5 and LM7 cells. A subgroup of the cathepsin proteases was further studied at the protein level by Western blot analysis of cell extracts. The expression of cathepsin B and H was decreased and that of cathepsin D, K, and L was increased in the highly metastatic cell lines as compared to the SAOS-2 cell line. Diagnostic relevance of cathepsin K expression in osteosarcoma was revealed upon correlation of survival and metastasis with immunohistochemical cathepsin K staining of biopsies collected from 92 patients prior to chemotherapy. Patients with metastatic high-grade osteosarcoma and low cathepsin K expression at diagnosis had a better prognosis than those with high expression. Thus, it appears that cathepsin K expression is of predictive prognostic value for patients with high-grade tumors and metastasis at diagnosis.
Intranasal administration of oxytocin promotes social play in domestic dogs (2015)

In a recent paper,(1) we examined whether oxytocin in the domestic dog modulates the maintenance of close social bonds in non-reproductive contexts. We found that exogenous oxytocin promotes positive social behaviors not only toward conspecifics, but also toward human partners. Here we examined in further detail the effect that oxytocin manipulation has on social play. When sprayed with oxytocin, subjects initiated play sessions more often and played for longer periods of time than when sprayed with saline. Furthermore, after oxytocin nasal intake dogs displayed play signals more often than after saline administration, suggesting that oxytocin enhances dogs' play motivation. To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence that oxytocin promotes social play in the domestic dog. We use these results to hypothesize on the potential therapeutic use of oxytocin for promoting social behaviors and treating social deficits in the domestic dog.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With pT4 Urothelial Carcinoma at Radical Cystectomy: A Retrospective International Study of 583 Patients (2009)

Patients with pT4 bladder urothelial carcinoma have highly variable outcomes. Features associated with metastatic tumor dissemination (ie lymph node invasion and lymphovascular invasion) and local disease burden (ie soft tissue surgical margins and pT4 substage) are associated with poor outcomes in patients with pT4 bladder urothelial carcinoma. Further research is needed to understand why female patients with pT4 bladder urothelial carcinoma have a worse outcome than their male counterparts.
Stochastic 3D optical mapping by holographic localization of Brownian scatterers (2014)

We present a wide-field microscopy technique for the 3D mapping of optical intensity distributions using Brownian gold nanopar-ticles as local probes, which are localized by off-axis holography. Fast computation methods allow us to localize hundreds of particles per minute with accuracies as good as 3 × 3 × 10nm³ for immobilized particles. Factors limiting this accuracy are discussed and the possibilities of the technique are illustrated through the 3D optical mapping of an evanescent and a propagative wave. Our results pave the way for a new stochastic imaging technique, well adapted to subwavelength optical characterization in water-based systems.
Anisotropy and Magnetostriction in Non-Stoichiometric Cobalt Ferrite (2012)

This study shows the effect of deviation from stoichiometric composition on the anisotropy and magnetostriction of cobalt ferrite Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3-x</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> . Deviation from stoichiometric composition caused the magnetocrystalline anisotropy to become higher for x=0.7 and 0.8, but lower for x=0.2. The amplitude, slope and shape of the magnetostriction curves and strain derivatives of the samples were also strongly affected. The present work indicates how variation from stoichiometric composition can be used to tailor magnetic and magnetostrictive properties.
Effects of Exercise on Patellar Cartilage in Women with Mild Knee Osteoarthritis (2015)

Purpose This study aims to investigate the effects of exercise on patellar cartilage using T2 relaxation time mapping of magnetic resonance imaging in postmenopausal women with mild patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Eighty postmenopausal women (mean age, 58 (SD, 4.2) yr) with mild knee OA were randomized to either a supervised progressive impact exercise program three times a week for 12 months (n = 40) or a nonintervention control group (n = 40). Biochemical properties of cartilage were estimated using T2 relaxation time mapping, a parameter sensitive to collagen integrity, collagen orientation, and tissue hydration. Leg muscle strength and power, aerobic capacity, and self-rated assessment with the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score were also measured. Results After intervention, full-thickness patellar cartilage T2 values had medium-size effect (d = 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.16 to 0.97; P = 0.018); the change difference was 7% greater in the exercise group compared with the control group. In the deep half of tissue, the significant exercise effect size was medium (d = 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.13 to 0.99; P = 0.013); the change difference was 8% greater in the exercise group compared with controls. Furthermore, significant medium-size T2 effects were found in the total lateral segment, lateral deep, and lateral superficial zones in favor of the exercise group. Extension force was 11% greater (d = 0.63, P = 0.006) and maximal aerobic capacity was 4% greater (d = 0.55, P = 0.028) in the exercise group than in controls. No changes in Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score emerged between the groups. Conclusions Progressively implemented high-impact and intensive exercise creates enough stimuli and exerts favorable effects on patellar cartilage quality and physical function in postmenopausal women with mild knee OA.
Leveraging the tolerogenic potential of TNF-α and regulatory B cells in organ transplantation (2023)

A subset of B-cells with tolerogenic functions, termed B-regulatory cells or Bregs, is characterized by the expression of anti-inflammatory/tolerogenic cytokines, namely IL-10, TGF-β, and IL-35, that contribute to their regulatory functions. Breg regulation favors graft acceptance within a tolerogenic milieu. As organ transplantation invariably triggers inflammation, new insights into the crosstalk between cytokines with dual properties and the inflamed milieu are needed to tailor their function toward tolerance. Using TNF-α as a proxy of dual-function cytokines involved in immune-related diseases and transplantation settings, the current review highlights the multifaceted role of TNF-α. It focuses on therapeutic approaches that have revealed the complexity of TNF-α properties tested in clinical settings where total TNF-α inhibition has proven ineffective and often detrimental to clinical outcomes. To improve the efficacy of current TNF-α inhibiting therapeutics, we propose a three-prong strategy to upregulate the tolerogenic pathway engaging the TNFR2 receptor while simultaneously inhibiting the inflammatory mechanisms associated with TNFR1 engagement. When combined with additional administrations of Bregs-TLR that activate Tregs, this approach may become a potential therapeutic in overcoming transplant rejection and promoting graft tolerance.
Executive function and behaviour problems in school‐age children born at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia (2023)

Neonatal hypoglycaemia may be associated with difficulties in specific aspects of parent-reported executive functions and behaviour problems in mid-childhood.
Advanced computational methods in multi-view medical imaging (2012)

Modern automatic imaging methods can help physicians to visualize physical details in the patient's body. Such methods must be efficient and reliable to allow making the right decisions during clinical intervention. This thesis presents three medical challenges involving multi-view fluoroscopy and proposes corresponding innovative computational methods. 
The first method addresses challenges of multiple catheter detection and tracking in fluoroscopic guided interventions. The proposed algorithm incorporates the clinical setup constraints and uses a novel computationally efficient geodesic properties framework that traces the catheter from the sheath to the tip. The method was validated on 1107 fluoroscopic images, demonstrating robust multiple catheter tracking. 
The second method helps avoid serious complications during a cardiac ablation procedure by extracting esophageal silhouettes and reconstructing a 3D model from fluoroscopic views. The thesis describes the key algorithmic components and suggests how the result could help the clinical workflow. 
The third method presents automatic image-based cardiac and respiratory cycle gating of image sequences. We developed a novel algorithm for an automatic detection of the moving organ directly from images. The algorithm was validated on X-Ray angiographic and intra-cardiac echocardiography images. The method is very fast and its effectiveness was demonstrated on 3D intra-cardiac ultrasound sequences. 
All three methods are computationally efficient, robust and represent the state-of-the-art of medical imaging challenges.
Discussion on the Strategies for Industrial Sustainable Development along the Huaihe River in Anhui (2000)

In order to realize regional sustainable development, we must work out practicable poicies and measures to give impetus to the development of regional industry. and meanwhile, should pay attention to fostering rural industry, which is an important part of regional economy.
Submaximal exercise testing early after myocardial infarction. Difficulty of predicting coronary anatomy and left ventricular performance. (1985)

Impaired left ventricular function and extensive coronary artery disease are important determinants of prognosis after acute myocardial infarction. The ability of clinical and predischarge submaximal exercise test variables to predict multivessel coronary artery disease and impaired left ventricular function was assessed in 62 survivors of acute myocardial infarction. Abnormal exercise blood pressure response and short exercise performance were predictors of multivessel disease, but exercise induced ST segment changes and clinical variables were not. Q wave infarction, high grade Killip classification, and exercise induced ST segment elevation predicted statistically significant impairment of resting left ventricular function, whereas other clinical and exercise test variables did not. Exercise induced ST segment changes were therefore of little value in detecting extensive coronary disease, although exercise induced ST elevation was an indicator of poor resting left ventricular function. Although abnormal exercise haemodynamics may detect extensive coronary artery disease, other physiological markers of reversible myocardial ischaemia are probably necessary to plan optimal management in these patients.
Uniaxial Tension Testing Lab: Fewer Instructions for Better Results? (2020)

Abstract In this sophomore level statics and mechanics of materials course, students perform several small-scale benchtop labs during discussion sections throughout the semester. These experiments are intended to expose students to more hands-on interaction with the course concepts such as: force and moment balance, statically indeterminate axial stress, and beams in bending, among others. One of the labs is a uniaxial tension testing lab where students work in pairs with a thin rubber specimen. They hang pre-measured weights from the specimen, measure the change in position of reference marks on the specimen, and from those force and displacement data calculate stress and strain. They then plot the data points on a provided graph and estimate Young’s modulus from the slope of their data. During Fall 2017 we compared two versions of this lab. Version A was the open-ended version. Students were provided equipment and a blank stress-strain graph, and told to spend several minutes working with their partners to plan what data to collect to eventually estimate Young’s modulus for the material. No specific instructions were included in that version. Version B was much more explicit. Well-labeled tables and specific step-by-step instructions were provided for both data collection and data reduction. Students were led through the steps from force and position measurements to stress and strain, and finally to Young’s modulus. Both versions concluded with essentially identical discussion questions. Assessment of any differences between these versions is based on student surveys and one midterm exam problem. Students were asked to complete anonymous feedback surveys following the lab that asked about their enjoyment of the activity, the level of intellectual challenge, and the perceived value of the lab. One problem on the first midterm exam was specifically related to this lab and performance on that problem was tracked based on discussion section and therefore which version of the lab students completed. Full statistical analysis is not yet complete, but preliminary data indicate almost no difference in student perceptions between the two versions of the lab. Students ranked their enjoyment, the level of intellectual challenge, and the perceived value very similarly between the two versions. However, performance on the exam problem was better for students completing the open-ended version of the lab. This may indicate that when students design their own experiment they gain a better understanding of proper data reduction methods.
The application of wide-band Ricker wavelet in the reservoir description of multiinterbedded formation based on spectral inversion (2016)

The seismic data can be counted as the convolution of reflection coefficient and band-limited wavelet. The main lobe duration of regular band-limited wavelet is long and its side-lobe energy is strong, so the conventional seismic signal is often severely featured with low resolution, particularly in the multi-interbedded strata. As the wideband Ricker wavelet is marked by narrow main lobe and small-amplitude side-lobe, the seismic data with spectrum characteristics of wide-band Ricker wavelet shows a better capability of identifying reservoir due to weak interference. In this paper, the wide-band Ricker wavelet was introduced into the spectral inversion process to improve the conventional seismic data, providing it with the spectral characteristics of wide-band Ricker wavelet, weakening the negative effect of the notch, and reducing the error resulting from noise-whitening hypothesis of reflection coefficient, hence improving the accuracy of reservoir description. The method described in the paper has been put into trial use in a number of oil fields in Bohai Bay, and the improved seismic data revealed a more accurate description of multi-interbedded prosodic structured reservoir than before, achieving better practical application effect. Presentation Date: Tuesday, October 18, 2016 Start Time: 8:25:00 AM Location: 155 Presentation Type: ORAL
Microbes, the gut and ankylosing spondylitis (2013)

It is increasingly clear that the interaction between host and microbiome profoundly affects health. There are 10 times more bacteria in and on our bodies than the total of our own cells, and the human intestine contains approximately 100 trillion bacteria. Interrogation of microbial communities by using classic microbiology techniques offers a very restricted view of these communities, allowing us to see only what we can grow in isolation. However, recent advances in sequencing technologies have greatly facilitated systematic and comprehensive studies of the role of the microbiome in human health and disease. Comprehensive understanding of our microbiome will enhance understanding of disease pathogenesis, which in turn may lead to rationally targeted therapy for a number of conditions, including autoimmunity.
Concomitant Activation of Jasmonate and Ethylene Response Pathways Is Required for Induction of a Plant Defensin Gene in Arabidopsis (1998)

Iris A. M. A. Penninckx, Bart P. H. J. Thomma, Antony Buchala, , Willem F. Broekaert, Concomitant Activation of Jasmonate and Ethylene Response Pathways Is Required for Induction of a Plant Defensin Gene in Arabidopsis, The Plant Cell, Vol. 10, No. 12 (Dec., 1998), pp. 2103-2113
Dynamic Analysis of Riser Release and Lowering (2010)

Oil and gas development in certain harsh environments, such as extreme storm prone areas or arctic regions, may require the floating production platform to be designed to enable it to be released from its risers and moorings and moved out of the way of the approaching threat. Such floating platforms generally employ an underwater disconnectable buoy to support the moorings and risers after the main platform is moved away. For a deep draft floating structure, the risers can be released from their support near the top of the platform and lowered through the hull to a disconnectable buoy. In such a case, the risers can be routed through I-tubes and lowered in a controlled manner using rigging during a normal release operation. However, an emergency disconnection may require lowering of the risers without guidance of rigging. To avoid damage to the risers and the buoy during the emergency disconnection, risers can be fitted with passive damping devices to limit the lowering riser speed. This paper presents the numerical efforts to define the emergency riser release and lowering procedure. CFD simulations were performed to evaluate the hydrodynamic behavior of a disconnected riser in a flooded I-tube with the controlling devices attached to the risers. Applying the CFD results, riser lowering performance was computed using finite element analysis method. Primary parameters that affect flexible riser behavior, including stress level and curvature, are identified and sensitivity study results are presented. This paper concludes that a safe and controlled riser release procedure and system is achievable.
Palladium-catalyzed C-3 desulfitative arylation of indolizines with sodium arylsulfinates and arylsulfonyl hydrazides (2016)

Derivatized indolizines were efficiently prepared by direct C-3 arylation of indolizines using sodium arylsulfinates and arylsulfonyl hydrazides in good yields.
Fish assemblages in habitats dominated by Caulerpa taxifolia and native seagrasses in south-eastern Australia (2006)

Seagrass beds in estuaries are important habitats and nursery grounds for a great variety of fishes, including many economically important species. The introduction of the invasive green alga Caulerpa taxifolia could potentially threaten the seagrasses of south-eastern Australia. This study examined the implications of the spread of C. taxifolia on ichthyofauna in 2 estuaries in central New South Wales. Fish assemblages were compared among adjacent habitats of C. taxifolia and 2 seagrass species (Posidonia australis and Zostera capricorni). Fish were sampled using a small beam trawl to test for differences among habitats in (1) the species composition of the fish assemblages, (2) total abundance and species richness of fishes, and (3) abundances of major fish families. Fish assemblages separated into 3 significantly distinct groupings based on habitat. Total abundances of fishes were similar among habitats; however, species richness was lower in C. taxifolia. The fish assemblages in C. taxifolia were largely characterised by high abundances of gobiid fishes, similar to those in Z. capricorni, and few or no syngnathid and monacanthid species when compared to seagrass fish assemblages. This suggests that if C. taxifolia competitively replaces native seagrass beds in the estuaries of New South Wales, the resulting change in habitat may also cause a change in fish assemblages. This could reduce the abundances of some protected and economically important fish species but may also increase abundances of other opportunistic fishes.
311. Adult Sertoli cells proliferate in response to exogenous follicle stimulating hormone in the adult photo-inhibited Djungarian hamster (2005)

Sperm production relies on nutritional and structural support from Sertoli cells. Sertoli cells undergo maturational changes (e.g. cessation of proliferation and formation of the blood–testis barrier) around the onset of puberty in higher mammals1 and maturational failure has been associated with some infertility syndromes and testicular malignancies2. The Sertoli cell population is considered to be stable and unmodifiable by hormones after puberty in mammals, although recent data using the adult Djungarian hamster showed that Sertoli cell numbers decreased by 35% in the absence of serum gonadotrophins, and returned to control levels by short-term replacement of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)3. Therefore, the aims of this study were to (i) quantify the proliferative activity of Sertoli cells in the hormonally manipulated Djungarian hamster, and (ii) examine the localisation of several tight junction proteins as markers of the blood–testis barrier. Long day (LD) photoperiod (16L : 8D) adult hamsters were exposed to short day (SD) photoperiod (8L : 16D) for 11 weeks to suppress gonadotrophins and then received FSH for up to 10 days. Sertoli cell proliferation was assessed immunohistochemically by the colocalisation of GATA-4 and PCNA, and quantified by stereology. Tight junction proteins (occludin and ZO-1) were colocalised using confocal microscopy. Sertoli cell proliferation in both the LD and SD controls was minimal; however, in response to FSH treatment proliferation was upregulated within 4 days compared with SD controls (98% v. 2%, P &lt; 0.001, respectively). Tight junction proteins colocalised at the blood–testis barrier in LD hamsters, but were disorganised within the Sertoli cell cytoplasm in SD animals. FSH treatment restores colocalisation in a time-dependent manner. It is concluded that FSH contributes to the regulation of Sertoli cell proliferation and tight junction formation in the adult Djungarian hamster. This data provides definitive evidence that the adult Sertoli cell population in this model is modifiable by hormones. (1)Meachem et al. (2005). Biol Reprod 72, 1187.(2)Allan et al. (2004). Endocrinol 145, 1587.(3)Russell and Peterson (1985). Int Rev Cytol 94, 177.
Electronically controlled reciprocal phase shifter (2006)

Abstract A reciprocal phase shifter principle is proposed, of very simple design with only one control voltage, which enables the continuous variation of the phase at a frequency of 1.89 GHz. An implementation on Teflon substrate using Wilkinson dividers and a second‐order filter using one variable capacitor is presented. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 2301–2303, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21911