gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Asphaltene Stability in the Iranian Crude Oils (2008)

The influence of different factors on the asphaltene stability in three iranian crude oils was evaluated. Compositional studies and structural characterization of resins and asphaltenes were carried out in order to study a possible relationship between these properties and asphaltene deposition behavior. Low hydrogen to carbon ratios and high aromaticities were the main characteristics of the asphaltenes from more unstable crude oils. According to these results, the stability behavior of asphaltenes was influenced strongly by their structural characteristics. Colloidal stability indexes such as the (aromatic+resins)/(asphaltene+saturates) ratio and (aromatics+resins)/ asphaltene ratio do not play a key role in the asphaltene stability for the studied crude oils.
Laser excited super resolution thermal imaging for nondestructive inspection of internal defects (2020)

A photothermal super resolution technique is proposed for an improved inspection of internal defects. To evaluate the potential of the laser-based thermographic technique, an additively manufactured stainless steel specimen with closely spaced internal cavities is used. Four different experimental configurations in transmission, reflection, stepwise and continuous scanning are investigated. The applied image post-processing method is based on compressed sensing and makes use of the block sparsity from multiple measurement events. This concerted approach of experimental measurement strategy and numerical optimization enables the resolution of internal defects and outperforms conventional thermographic inspection techniques.
Identication and Elucidation of Mechanisms Involved in Microbial Community Dynamics using Systems Biology / - eScholarship (2014)

Microbial communities play a key role in the natural environment. However, the study of these communities if often limited by the inability to cultivate individual community members. Although culture-independent meta-level analyses are useful for establishing the basic structure of the community, they often mask the role individual species fulfill within the community, stymieing our ability to understand and thus manipulate the community phenotype. Within this dissertation, microbial communities involved in global carbon cycling are studied from a species-centric perspective. First, the ferric uptake regulator (Fur) is studied in Fe(III)-reducing Geobacter sulfurreducens, a common member of subsurface soil environments. Chromatin immunopreciptation was utilized to establish the genome-wide binding profile of Fur. This dataset coupled with gene expression datasets derived from a variety of iron conditions was used to elucidate the iron stimulon and Fur regulon of G.sulfurreducens. Additional physiological and transcriptional analyses of G. sulfurreducens grown with various Fe(II) concentrations revealed the depth of Fur's involvement in energy metabolism. Next, single cell de novo sequencing and metatranscriptomics was used to reveal the intricate metabolic interactions of a 15-year-old alkane-degrading methanogenic consortium. The methanogenic consortium oxidizes saturated hydrocarbons under anoxic conditions through a thus far unknown biochemical process. The genome sequence of a dominant bacterial member belonging to the family of Syntrophace was sequenced and served as the basis for metabolic reconstruction. Metatranscriptomic data highlighted metabolically active genes of this bacterium. Subsequent genome analysis assisted in the identification of critical genes and pathways involved in anaerobic alkane metabolism. When perturbed by butyric or caprylic acid, the species composition of the alkane- degrading community shifts to accommodate the change. Although some species persist and remain active despite the shift, major ecological succession by these dormant microbes leads to a new, stable community optimized to digest the newly added substrate. The final chapter of this thesis describes the study of these poorly characterized genera from the species perspective using metagenomic binning, metatranscriptomics, and metabolic modeling. Subsequent community analysis revealed that energetic requirements, amino acid auxotrophies, and strategic antimicrobial usage all contribute to the robustness of the community. Collectively, these results suggest that the multidimensional interactions utilized by natural communities bolster their stability during environmental perturbation and promote the maintenance of high species richness
Yoga for haematological malignancies (2012)

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: The main objective of this Cochrane review will be to evaluate the role of yoga practice for patients suffering from haematological malignancies. For this purpose we will critically, systematically, and statistically analyse the effectiveness of yoga practice compared with standard care alone with respect to overall survival (OS), quality of life (QoL), depression, anxiety, fatigue, sleep quality and adverse events (AE).
Cushioned on the way up, controlled on the way down during resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA): investigating a novel compliant balloon design for optimizing safe overinflation combined with partial REBOA ability (2022)

Basic science.
Acoustic Signal Characterization of Phase Change Nanodroplets in Tissue-Mimicking Phantom Gels (2010)

To apply superheated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets to tumor diagnosis and treatment, acoustic signals formed upon the vaporization of droplets in tissue-mimicking phantoms were measured with 3 MHz ultrasound. A characteristic impulse wave was associated with phase change induction with 100 cycles of ultrasound at a 9 MPa peak negative pressure, observed as an intensity change in B-mode imaging. In addition, the subsequent impulse waves were observed only from the phase change induction in gels. Therefore, these subsequent impulse waves were suggested to be characteristic features of the vaporization of superheated nanodroplets at rigid boundaries. Furthermore, such impulse waves reflect the properties of surrounding environments such as elasticity and viscosity in the gel. The findings of this study would lead to a novel microscale tissue characterization method applicable to local sites.
Induced tissue displacement in magnetomotive ultrasound imaging - simulations and experiments (2014)

Magnetomotive ultrasound imaging is an emerging technique where superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can be used as an ultrasound contrast agent. A time-varying external magnetic field acts to move the particles lodged in tissue, and ultrasound is used to detect the resulting tissue movement. In phantom studies we have observed opposite phase motion next to regions containing nanoparticles. We hypothesize that this motion is caused by mechanical coupling from regions where nanoparticles are located. The present study compares experimental data to a numerical simulation with identical geometry as the experimental set-up. The magnetic force acting on particles was modeled as emanating from a coil with a cone shaped iron core, and applied as a body load in nanoparticle-laden regions. The simulation showed opposed motion in-between nanoparticle-laden phantom inserts, in a manner similar to the experimental situation. There is a slight mismatch in the extent of vertical movement, which we interpret as a result of the modeled slip condition tangentially to the surface, which in reality presumably is a combination of slip and stick due to friction.
InterCarb: A Community Effort to Improve Interlaboratory Standardization of the Carbonate Clumped Isotope Thermometer Using Carbonate Standards (2021)

Increased use and improved methodology of carbonate clumped isotope thermometry has greatly enhanced our ability to interrogate a suite of Earth-system processes. However, interlaboratory discrepancies in quantifying carbonate clumped isotope (Δ<sub>47</sub>) measurements persist, and their specific sources remain unclear. To address interlaboratory differences, we first provide consensus values from the clumped isotope community for four carbonate standards relative to heated and equilibrated gases with 1,819 individual analyses from 10 laboratories. Then we analyzed the four carbonate standards along with three additional standards, spanning a broad range of δ<sup>47</sup> and Δ<sub>47</sub> values, for a total of 5,329 analyses on 25 individual mass spectrometers from 22 different laboratories. Treating three of the materials as known standards and the other four as unknowns, we find that the use of carbonate reference materials is a robust method for standardization that yields interlaboratory discrepancies entirely consistent with intralaboratory analytical uncertainties. Carbonate reference materials, along with measurement and data processing practices described herein, provide the carbonate clumped isotope community with a robust approach to achieve interlaboratory agreement as we continue to use and improve this powerful geochemical tool. We propose that carbonate clumped isotope data normalized to the carbonate reference materials described in this publication should be reported as Δ<sub>47</sub> (I-CDES) values for Intercarb-Carbon Dioxide Equilibrium Scale.
RFID-Enabled Business Process Intelligence in Retail Stores: A Case Report (2013)

The growing interest in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in recent years has sparked an intensive debate on the benefits to be expected. With the growth of RFID implementations in size and scope comes a shift away from infrastructural aspects to the question of how to draw value from the large amounts of collected data. However, the necessary procedures for the handling of massive RFID data sets are still an under-researched issue. Against this background, the study presents results from a real-world trial conducted by a large apparel retailer. The objective of the trial was to explore the opportunities for generating novel performance indicators and reports on the reality of store processes and customer behavior on the sales floor. We give an overview of the algorithms used for RFID data processing and the interpretation of the resulting insights from a practitioner's point of view. The case example thus provides an overview of the potential of RFID as a powerful tool for assortment optimization, customer research, store layout design, and other management tasks in retail.
Evaluation of sparteine-like chiral diamines in the enantioselective lithiation–electrophilic trapping of an O-alkyl carbamate (2006)

Seven (+)-sparteine-like diamines and (−)-sparteine were evaluated in the diamine-mediated asymmetric lithiation–trapping of an O-alkyl carbamate. The (+)-sparteine-like diamines (≥98 : 2 er by chiral shift NMR spectroscopy) were prepared from (−)-cytisine (>99 : 1 er by chiral HPLC of N-benzyl cytisine) and two new (+)-sparteine-like diamines containing N-CD3 substituents were included as part of this study. The following results from the ligand evaluation study were obtained: (−)-sparteine is unrivalled in its ability to induce near-perfect enantioselectivity (99 : 1 er); N-methyl diamine and the two N-CD3-substituted diamines are the optimal (+)-sparteine surrogates (up to 96 : 4 er); sterically more hindered N-alkyl substituents gave reduced enantioselectivity (N-iso-propyl: 86 : 14 er; N-CH2tBu: 54 : 46 er). From a synthetic point of view, these results show that either enantiomer of α-substituted O-alkyl carbamates can be obtained by enantioselective lithiation–trapping using (−)-sparteine and the N-methyl (+)-sparteine surrogate.
Structure and Surface Properties of High‐density Polyelectrolyte Brushes at the Interface of Aqueous Solution (2009)

Abstract Zwitterionic and cationic polyelectrolyte brushes were prepared by surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of 2‐methacryloyloxy‐ ethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and 2‐( N,N ‐dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), respectively. The poly(DMAEMA) brush was treated with methyl iodide to form poly[2‐(methacryloyloxy) ethyltrimethylammonium iodide] [poly(METAI)]. The effects of ionic strength on brush structure and surface properties of densely grafted polyelectrolyte brushes were analyzed by contact angle measurements, neutron reflectivity (NR) and macroscopic friction tests. Both polyelectrolyte brushes exhibited hydrophilic properties. The contact angle of the poly(MPC) brush surface against water was ca. 0° in air and the contact angle of the air bubble in water was ca. 170°. The air bubble in water hardly attached to the poly(MPC) brush surface, indicating super hydrophilic characteristics. NR measurements of poly(MPC) and poly(METAI) brushes showed that the grafted polymer chains were extended from the substrate surface in a good solvent such as water. Interestingly, NR study did not reveal the shrinkage of the brush chain in salt solution. The polyelectrolyte brushes immersed in both water and NaCl solution at various concentrations showed a low friction coefficient and low adhesion force.
A Bidirectional-Concurrent MAC Protocol With Packet Bursting for Underwater Acoustic Networks (2013)

The underwater acoustic channel is fundamentally different from the terrestrial wireless channel. Its unique characteristics, such as slow propagation speed and small bit rate distance product, present both challenges and opportunities for media access control (MAC) protocol design. In existing handshaking-based MAC protocols, each successful handshake only allows an initiating sender to transmit a single or multiple consecutive data packets to its intended receiver. In a long propagation delay environment, this unidirectional data transmission often results in extremely poor channel utilization due to the long waiting time for the handshake to complete. By exploiting the channel's unique characteristics, we present a novel approach based on concurrent, bidirectional data packet exchange to improve the data transmission efficiency. To further amortize the high latency overhead, we adopt a packet bursting idea, where a sender-receiver pair can exchange multiple rounds of bidirectional packet transmissions. Based on these strategies, we propose an asynchronous handshaking-based MAC protocol, which we call bidirectional-concurrent MAC with packet bursting (BiC-MAC). Via extensive simulations, we compare BiC-MAC against two representative unidirectional handshaking-based protocols, as well as several existing MAC protocols. We demonstrate that BiC-MAC can significantly increase channel utilization and offer performance gains in terms of both throughput and delay, while achieving a stable saturation throughput. Our study highlights the value of adopting bidirectional, concurrent transmission in underwater networks.
Engineering analysis of biological variables: An example of blood pressure over 1 day (1998)

Almost all variables in biology are nonstationarily stochastic. For these variables, the conventional tools leave us a feeling that some valuable information is thrown away and that a complex phenomenon is presented imprecisely. Here, we apply recent advances initially made in the study of ocean waves to study the blood pressure waves in the lung. We note first that, in a long wave train, the handling of the local mean is of predominant importance. It is shown that a signal can be described by a sum of a series of intrinsic mode functions, each of which has zero local mean at all times. The process of deriving this series is called the "empirical mode decomposition method." Conventionally, Fourier analysis represents the data by sine and cosine functions, but no instantaneous frequency can be defined. In the new way, the data are represented by intrinsic mode functions, to which Hilbert transform can be used. Titchmarsh [Titchmarsh, E. C. (1948) Introduction to the Theory of Fourier Integrals (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford)] has shown that a signal and i times its Hilbert transform together define a complex variable. From that complex variable, the instantaneous frequency, instantaneous amplitude, Hilbert spectrum, and marginal Hilbert spectrum have been defined. In addition, the Gumbel extreme-value statistics are applied. We present all of these features of the blood pressure records here for the reader to see how they look. In the future, we have to learn how these features change with disease or interventions.
Approach to Asymptomatic Paraesophageal Hernia: Elective Laparoscopic Hernia Repair or Watchful Waiting? (2016)

Jung, James MD; Behman, Ramy MD; Naimark, David MD, FRCP(C); Grantcharov, Teodor P. MD, PhD, FACS Author Information
Optimum implementation of a multistage IIR SC bandpass decimator for a voiceband analogue interface system (2003)

A novel methodology has been developed for the design of multistage infinite impulse response switched-capacitor decimators with optimum implementation. The approach uses a cascade of only IIR SC decimator building blocks as a means of obtaining minimum-order structures for high selectivity filtering requirements with very large factors of sampling rate reduction. The strategy for reducing the sampling rate is determined in conjunction with the pole-zero pairing to achieve relaxed speed requirements for the operational amplifiers together with reduced capacitance spread and total capacitor area. This is demonstrated for an SC bandpass decimator which virtually eliminates the need for costly on-chip continuous-time filters, thus making it extremely attractive for integrated-circuit implementation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSES FOLLOWING KETAMINE ADMINISTRATION ANIMAL STUDIES (1973)

Institute for Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Mannheim Faculty for Clinical Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
Here today, gone tomorrow. Halogenated solvents in analytical chemistry (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHere today, gone tomorrow. Halogenated solvents in analytical chemistryDeborah NobleCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 15, 693A–695APublication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online22 September 2008Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00063a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00063a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A research for millimeter wave patch antenna and array synthesis (2017)

Millimeter-wave antennas are one of the key parts in 5G systems due to its useful properties such as ultra wideband and high transmission rate. In this paper, the research of microstrip millimeter wave patch antenna at 28 GHz is proposed. The resonant frequency of microstrip antenna is shifted to the expanding bandwidth through slotting the patch. Meanwhile, adding punish function to fitness function is proposed to develop the bandwidth and improve the resonant frequency to desired frequency. The slot position is obtained by the genetic algorithm (GA). Furthermore, by using the numerical array synthesis, a linear uniformly spaced array model with feed network is obtained. The array with better radiation pattern is obtained through GA. The simulation results show that the bandwidth is improved from 0.9 to 1.25 GHz while the resonant frequency is remained at 28 GHz with the help of the proposed punish function. The side-lobe level is lowered by 4 dB and the maximum antenna gain is improved to 0.4 dB at the cost of 1° wider of half-power (HP) beamwidth.
Monocytes from patients with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia show enhanced inflammatory properties and produce higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (2017)

Patients with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) suffer from recurrent upper and lower airway infections due to defects in the cilia present on the respiratory epithelium. Since chronic inflammatory conditions can cause changes in innate immune responses, we investigated whether monocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of pediatric PCD patients respond differently to inflammatory stimuli, compared to monocytes from healthy children and adults. The receptor for C5a (C5aR) was upregulated in PCD, whereas expression levels of the leukocyte chemoattractant receptors CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, BLT1 and FPR1 on PCD monocytes were similar to those on monocytes from healthy individuals. Also in vitro migration of PCD monocytes towards the ligands of those receptors (CCL2, fMLP, C5a and LTB4) was normal. Compared to healthy children, PCD patients had a higher percentage of the non-classic monocyte subset (CD14+CD16++) in circulation. Finally, PCD monocytes produced higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL3, CCL5, CCL18 and CCL22) in response to LPS, peptidoglycan and/or dsRNA stimulation. These data suggest that monocytes might exacerbate inflammatory reactions in PCD patients and might maintain a positive feedback-loop feeding the inflammatory process.
The role of CD44 during CD40 ligand-induced dendritic cell clustering and maturation (2001)

The interaction between CD40 on dendritic cells (DC) and its ligand CD154 has been recognized to be an important feature in the maturation of DC. Here, we were interested in the role of CD44 a surface receptor shown to mediate cell-cell adhesion and binding to Hyaluronic acid (HA). Western blot analysis of human DC stimulated for 3-12 h with CD154 revealed the rapid induction of the 85 kDa standard form of CD44 and an increased HA-binding affinity. Time-lapse video-imaging microscopy of human DC co-cultured on CD154-transfected murine fibroblasts showed that the CD44 up-regulation coincided with the rapid induction of homotypic DC clustering, which did not occur on empty vector-transfected fibroblasts. In this system, addition of anti-CD44s mAbs abrogated DC-cluster formation, thereby inhibiting further maturation, as shown by a reduced TNF-alpha production and inhibition of CD154-induced MHC class II up-regulation. However, co-incubation with HA-degrading enzymes induced no changes in the CD154-mediated DC clustering and maturation.