gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interoperability Among Heterogeneous Networks for Future Aeronautical Communications (2011)

Air traffic in Europe is expected to double by 2025 according to the last forecast of EUROCONTROL, with an average growth of 2.7%-3.7%per year.On a worldwide basis, the number of passengers is expected to grow by 4.5% per year over the same timeframe.Future passenger and freight fleets will bring higher efficiency and improved environmental performance, and will allow people all around the world to benefit from the essential connections that only air transport can deliver.(European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation [EUROCONTROL], 2006) Till recently Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN) communications predominantly across continental regions used narrowband Very High Frequency (VHF) voice systems along with digital data links like the VHF Digital Link (VDL) Mode 2 (ICAO, 2001) and Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) (ARINC, 2011).Such narrowband air-ground data link technologies have several limitations like the susceptibility to access collisions, lack of data prioritization mechanism at the sub-network level and also the vulnerability of jamming in narrowband communication channels.Hence, other High Frequency (HF) radio link technology like the ARINC GLOBALink (Homans, 2002) and also satellite based system like the INMARSAT SwiftBroadband systems have been used to provide voice and data communications between the aircraft and the ground control centres (EUROCONTROL, 2006).A detailed study on the various communications systems suitable for Air Traffic Management (ATM) systems was carried out by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and EUROCONTROL with the support of NASA (NASA, 2005).It highlighted the advantages and disadvantages of the various communications systems and showed that it is important for the future ATN communication systems to provide fast, high-speed and high-data rate reliable communications not only between the aircraft and ground infrastructure but also between airplanes directly.Hence it is envisaged that in order to provide the most efficient form of reliable ATM communications, different heterogeneous networks need to be adopted.It is also envisaged that future aeronautical communication systems would be able to simultaneously operate the different radio communication technologies.The different technologies will provide various advantages and provide the flexibility to the system to provide very high reliability.Hence different data i.e.
Correction to Facile Synthesis of PtNi Intermetallic Nanoparticles: Influence of Reducing Agent and Precursors on Electrocatalytic Activity (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Facile Synthesis of PtNi Intermetallic Nanoparticles: Influence of Reducing Agent and Precursors on Electrocatalytic Activity Brian M. Leonard, Qin Zhou, Di M. Wu, and Francis J. DiSalvo*Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 9, 2499Publication Date (Web):April 15, 2011Publication History Published online15 April 2011Published inissue 10 May 2011https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm2009835https://doi.org/10.1021/cm2009835correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2011 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1025Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (593 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
REAL-TIME AND PARALLEL SHVC HYBRID CODEC AVC TO HEVC DECODER (2017)

International audience
Early cognitive development in learning autonomous control systems (2003)

The author considers processes of early cognitive development (ECD) in learning autonomous control systems (LACS). The similarities and differences existing at the stage of ECD of humans and LACS are stated. It is shown that the two types of learning typical for LACS, i.e. quantitative (QL) and conceptual (CD), require different algorithmic structures. The roles of QL and CD in ECD are discussed. Examples from animated nature are considered, which imply the possible structure of systems for ECD in various LACS. The concept of the baby robot is devised as a tool for investigating ECD processes. This is an automaton moving autonomously in a state space of a problem under consideration, learning the state space, the problem, and the rules of operation. The baby robot is expected to be instrumental in the analysis of the mechanisms of autonomous generation of knowledge bases. The structure of a baby robot is considered to be a seed structure for building up self-organizing cognitive processes in robotics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Simulated water adsorption in chemically heterogeneous carbon nanotubes (2006)

Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the adsorption of water in single-walled (10:10), (12:12), and (20:20) carbon nanotubes at 298 K. Water is represented by the extended simple point charge model and the carbon atoms as Lennard-Jones spheres. The nanotubes are decorated with different amounts of oxygenated sites, represented as carbonyl groups. In the absence of carbonyl groups the simulated isotherms are characterized by negligible amounts of water uptake at low pressures, sudden and complete pore filling once a threshold pressure is reached, and wide adsorption-desorption hysteresis loops. In the presence of a few carbonyl groups the simulated adsorption isotherms are characterized by pore filling at lower pressures and by narrower adsorption-desorption hysteresis loops compared to the results obtained in the absence of carbonyl groups. Our results show that the distribution of the carbonyl groups has a strong effect on the adsorption isotherms. For carbonyl groups localized in a narrow section the adsorption of water may be gradual because a cluster of adsorbed water forms at low pressures and grows as the pressure increases. For carbonyl groups distributed along the nanotube the adsorption isotherm is of type V.
Factors contributing to perforations resulting from laser coronary angioplasty: observations in an intact human postmortem preparation of intraoperative laser coronary angioplasty. (1985)

This investigation was designed to assess the potential use of laser coronary angioplasty as an intraoperative adjunct in the surgical treatment of ischemic heart disease. Among 17 postmortem hearts, simulated laser coronary angioplasty was performed at 53 sites with a No. 4F guiding catheter and 240 micron (200 micron core) quartz optical fiber. Perforation complicated laser coronary angioplasty in 33 (62%) of the 53 attempts. Most (n = 29) perforations were thermal; four were purely mechanical. Perforation sites were characterized by extensive calcific deposits (21 of 33 cases [64%] ) and the origin of a side branch (13 of 33 [39%] ). Excessive tortuosity of the extramural coronary artery contributed to arterial perforation in four cases, and precluded attempts to perform laser coronary angioplasty in two other cases. In 19 of the 53 attempts to perform laser coronary angioplasty, a high-frequency two-dimensional echocardiographic probe was used to image the coronary artery during antegrade manipulation of the optical fiber/guiding catheter and laser irradiation of the target arterial stenosis. Although perforation nevertheless occurred in 11 (58%) of 19 sites, only one mechanical perforation resulted; the remaining 10 were thermal. Characteristics of the perforation sites in this group were similar to those noted for the group as a whole. Experience with this model of laser coronary angioplasty indicates that even when access problems associated with percutaneous laser coronary angioplasty are obviated by a simulated intraoperative approach, perforation of the underlying coronary arterial wall continues to represent the "rate-limiting" complication of laser coronary angioplasty. Most perforations occurred in relation to calcific deposits, branch points, and tortuous coronary segments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Linkage of Foreign Carrier Protein to a Self-Tumor Antigen Enhances the Immunogenicity of a Pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine (2000)

The unique Ag-presenting capabilities of dendritic cells (DCs) make them attractive vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic cancer vaccines. While tumor Ag-pulsed DC vaccination has shown promising results in a variety of murine tumor models and early clinical trials, the optimal form of tumor Ag for use in DC pulsing has not been determined. We have studied DC vaccination using alternative forms of a soluble protein tumor Ag, the tumor-specific Ig idiotype (Id) expressed by a murine B cell lymphoma. Vaccination of mice with Id-pulsed DCs was able to induce anti-Id Abs only when the Id was modified to constitute a hapten-carrier system. DCs pulsed with Id proteins modified to include foreign constant regions, foreign constant regions plus GM-CSF, or linkage to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) carrier protein were increasingly potent in their ability to elicit anti-Id Abs. Vaccination with Id-KLH-pulsed DCs induced tumor-protective immunity superior to that obtained with Id-KLH plus a chemical adjuvant, and protection was not dependent upon effector T cells. Rather, protection was associated with the induction of high titers of anti-Id Abs of the IgG2a subclass, characteristic of a Th1 response. These findings have implications for the design of therapeutic Ag-pulsed DC vaccines for cancer immunotherapy in humans.
Nanosecond step-scan FT-infrared absorption spectroscopy in photochemistry and catalysis (1998)

Time-resolved step-scan FT-IR absorption spectroscopy has been expanded to a resolution of 20 nanosecond. Following a description of the experimental set-up, applications in four research areas are presented. In the first project, we discuss a reversible isomerization, namely the bacteriorhodopsin photocycle. Main results are the discovery of 2 processes with distinct kinetics on the nanosecond time scale not detected by previous spectroscopic techniques, and observation of an instantaneous response of the protein environment to chromophore dynamics within the nanosecond laser pulse duration. In a second project, alkane C-H bond activation by a transition metal complex in room temperature solution is investigated and the first measurement of the formation of a C-H insertion product reported (alkyl hydride). Then, a nanosecond study of a pericyclic reaction, the ring-opening of cyclohexadiene, is discussed. The fourth example describes the first observation of a transient molecule in a zeolite matrix, a triplet excited quinone, by time-resolved infrared spectroscopy.
IL-6, IL-10 and HSP-90 expression in tissue microarrays from human prostate cancer assessed by computer-assisted image analysis. (2006)

The interleukins (IL)-6 and -10 and heat shock proteins (HSP) have an important role in the host-tumor interaction and in tumor bulk. HSP-90 may have a regulatory role in cytokine biosynthesis and prognostic value in some tumors. To define the role of IL-6, IL-10 and HSP-90 in prostate cancer progression the immunohistochemical expressions of these proteins were analyzed in 168 prostatic carcinomas. IL-6, IL-10 and HSP-90 immunoreactivity was higher in prostatic carcinoma (CaP) and intra-epithelial prostatic neoplasia (PIN) than in normal prostatic tissue (NAP) adjacent to neoplasia. In the epithelium, IL-6, IL-10 and HSP-90 expressions increased from NAP to PIN to CaP. In the stroma, IL-6 and IL-10 expressions decreased significantly from NAP to PIN to CaP (p < 0.01 by Chi-square test), while HSP-90 expression increased. In the epithelium of PIN and CaP, IL-6 immunoreactivity was significantly lower than IL-10 and HSP-90. In neoplastic acini HSP-90 levels were significantly higher than those of IL-6 and IL-10 (p < 0.01 by Chi-square test). In the stroma of NAP and PIN, but not of CaP, HSP-90 immunoreactivity was significantly lower than that of IL-6 and IL-10 (p < 0.01). Our results indicate that the IL-6 and IL-10 cytokine balance differs in pathological and normal prostate, thus suggesting that certain cytokines are specific to the neoplastic prostate. Changes in the expressions of IL-6, IL-10 and HSP-90 in human prostate carcinoma samples could be used as a prognostic marker of disease progression.
Automated analysis of liver fat, muscle and adipose tissue distribution from CT suitable for large-scale studies (2017)

Computed Tomography (CT) allows detailed studies of body composition and its association with metabolic and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this work was to develop and validate automated and manual image processing techniques for detailed and efficient analysis of body composition from CT data. The study comprised 107 subjects examined in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS) using a 3-slice CT protocol covering liver, abdomen, and thighs. Algorithms were developed for automated assessment of liver attenuation, visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) abdominal adipose tissue, thigh muscles, subcutaneous, subfascial (SFAT) and intermuscular adipose tissue. These were validated using manual reference measurements. SFAT was studied in selected subjects were the fascia lata could be visually identified (approx. 5%). In addition, precision of manual measurements of intra- (IPAT) and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RPAT) and deep- and superficial SAT was evaluated using repeated measurements. Automated measurements correlated strongly to manual reference measurements. The SFAT depot showed the weakest correlation (r = 0.744). Automated VAT and SAT measurements were slightly, but significantly overestimated (≤4.6%, p ≤ 0.001). Manual segmentation of abdominal sub-depots showed high repeatability (CV ≤ 8.1%, r ≥ 0.930). We conclude that the low dose CT-scanning and automated analysis makes the setup suitable for large-scale studies.
Ultrathin Titanium Dioxide Nanolayers by Atomic Layer Deposition for Surface Passivation of Crystalline Silicon (2016)

We demonstrate a low surface recombination velocity of 14 cm/s with only 1.5 nm thin titanium dioxide (TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) layers on undiffused 10 Ωcm p-type crystalline silicon. The TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> nanolayers were deposited by thermal atomic layer deposition at 150 °C and 200 °C substrate temperatures using tetrakis-dimethyl-amido titanium as the Ti precursor and water as the oxidant. The influence of a post-deposition anneal in forming gas at different temperatures was investigated. We have observed that a subsequent anneal in forming gas at 350 °C enhances the surface passivation quality of the TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layers tremendously. Increasing the thickness of the TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layers leads to a reduction of the surface passivation quality. Introducing a thin interfacial layer of silicon oxide (1.6 nm) grown by rapid thermal oxidation underneath the TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layer improves the surface passivation of thicker TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layers (5.5 and 15 nm). These results show that ultrathin TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layers with a thickness of only 1.5 nm can be used to effectively passivate the c-Si surface.
Contribution of Porphyromonas gingivalis 40-kDa Outer Membrane Protein to Coaggregation of P. gingivalis Vesicles with Streptococcus gordonii Cells. (1998)

Porphyromonas, gingivalis, a pathogen in adult periodontitis, produces extracellular vesicles which cannot adhere to the tooth surface. In contrast, Streptococcus gordonii is one of the first oral bacteria to colonize on tooth surfaces and can be expected to support subsequent colonization by other bacteria. We previously reported the cloning of a 40-kDa outer membrane protein (40-kDa OMP) -coding gene from P. gingivalis 381 and that the protein was found to be localized in the vesicles. The aim of the present study was to clarify whether the 40-kDa OMP contributes to the coaggregation of P. gingivalis vesicles with S. gingivalis cells. A flocculation assay revealed that P. gingivalis vesicles and S. gingivalis cells were capable of coaggregation. Heat or protease treatments of P. gingivalis vesicles completely inhibited coaggregation activity, whereas these treatments on S. gingivalis cells only partially reduced coaggregation activity. The coaggregation of this pair was partially inhibited in the presence of an affinity-purified antibody against recombinant 40-kDa OMP or maltose, and was completely inhibited in the presence of both. These findings suggest that there are at least two kinds of adhesin for S. gingivalis in cells on the surface of P. gingivalis vesicles.
A Fair Protocol for Data Trading Based on Bitcoin Transactions. (2017)

On-line commercial transactions involve an inherent mistrust between participant parties since, sometimes, no previous relation exists between them. Such mistrust may be a deadlock point in a trade transaction where the buyer does not want to perform the payment until the seller sends the goods and the seller does not want to do so until the buyer pays for the purchase. In this paper we present a fair protocol for data trading where the commercial deal, in terms of delivering the data and performing the payment, is atomic, since the seller cannot redeem the payment unless the buyer obtains the data and the buyer cannot obtain the data without performing the payment. The protocol is based on Bitcoin scripting language and the fairness of the protocol can be probabilistically enforced.
Biological activities of steroidal alkaloids isolated fromSolanum leucocarpum (2009)

The alkaloids demissidine, dihydrosolacongestidine, solasodine and tomatidine were isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods and by comparison with literature data, from the aerial part of Solanum leucocarpum Dunal (Solanaceae) collected at the Regional Natural Park Ucumarí (Colombia). In order to examine topoisomerase I and II activities, the four isolated alkaloids were tested through a mechanism-based bioassay utilizing genetically engineered mutants of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains RS322N, R52Y and RS321. Dihydrosolacongestidine showed selective activity towards RS321 (249.8 μg/mL) strain rather than RS322N (1542.7 μg/mL), most probably indicating activity through inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II. In the same manner, tomatidine displayed activity through DNA topoisomerase II inhibition. Furthermore, solasodine showed DNA-damaging activity. In addition, the same isolated alkaloids were tested for antibacterial activity by using the agar well diffusion method. Solasodine and dihydrosolacongestidine showed MIC values of 62.5 and 125 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The isolation of these alkaloids and their biological activities are reported here for the first time for S. leucocarpum.
YEAST DNA PLASMIDS (1983)

The study of yeast DNA plasmids has been initiated with the discovery of the 2-micron DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This multiple copy plasmid, organized into chromatin structure in vivo, probably exists in the nucleus and provides a good system to obtain information on eukaryotic DNA replication. Yeast transformation with the 2-micron DNA or artificially constructed chimeric plasmids had contributed significantly to the study of the molecular biology of yeast and eukaryotes, allowing the isolation and characterization of various genes, ars, centromeres, and telomeres, and also serving as a tool to study the expression of various heterologous genes. Encouraged by these fruitful results, new yeast plasmids have been screened among phylogenetically distant yeasts. The linear DNA plasmids (pGKl1 and pGKl2) from Kluyveromyces lactis are the first case of yeast plasmids associated with biological function (killer phenotype). This plasmid system would be ideal as a model to study the structure and function of eukaryotic linear chromosomes. The extracellular secretion of protein toxin suggests the plasmids to be an excellent candidate for a secretion vector. The importance of yeasts as suitable materials for the study of eukaryotic cell biology would be much enhanced by the advent of new transformation systems with diverse host yeasts of genetically and phylogenetically distinct properties.
Guideline-based treatment utilization, treatment time, and cost of chemotherapy for metastatic colon cancer patients treated in U.S. community oncology practices from 2005 to 2009. (2012)

e14118 Background: Adherence (Ad) to national treatment guidelines (TG) is important in improving the quality, outcomes, and cost of cancer treatment (TX) in the U.S. We examined regimens (Reg) utilized, TG-Ad, time on metastatic TX, and cost of chemotherapy prescribed by U.S. community oncology practices to treat patients (Pts) with metastatic colon cancer (MCC) in 2005 and 2009. Methods: Adult colon cancer Pts beginning first line metastatic treatment (LOT-1) in each full calendar year for 2005 and 2009 were reviewed from a large U.S. medical oncology clinical database derived from web-based drug dispensing technology. Reg utilized and 2-yr time on metastatic TX were analyzed and compared to TG recommendations. Reg costs based on Medicare reimbursement were compared. Results: The average number of LOT and number of unique drugs Pts were exposed to were similar between 2005 and 2009. About 70% of Pts received only one LOT. In LOT-1 and 2, TG regs were prescribed more often than Non-TG regs for both groups. TG-Ad was significantly higher in 2009 than in 2005 for LOT-1 (p &lt; 0.0001). Pts receiving TG-Ad Reg for LOT-1 had a significantly longer total metastatic treatment time in both 2005 and 2009. In both 2005 and 2009, FOLFOX+Bev was the most frequent LOT-1 Reg given (37% of Pts), while FOLFIRI+Bev was the most frequent LOT-2 Reg given. 69% of Pts received Bev with LOT-1 in both 2005 and 2009; of those, 28-30% continued to receive Bev with LOT-2. Costs for the top 5 LOT-1 Regs were $17,031 to $34,400 and $5,512 to $39,835 for 2005 and 2009, respectively. Conclusions: U.S. community oncology practices significantly improved guideline Ad in the TX of MCC from 2005 to 2009. In LOT-1, TG Regs were prescribed more than non-TG Regs for both groups. TG Ad for LOT-1 significantly improved time on metastatic TX in both groups. FOLFOX+Bev and FOLFIRI+Bev were most frequently prescribed for LOT-1 and LOT-2, respectively. Costs for the five most utilized Regs vary considerably. [Table: see text]