gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in highly electrostrictive P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) terpolymers (2006)

Ferroelectric materials are intrinsically multifunctional and have found a broad range of applications. A new class of semicrystalline terpolymers comprising vinylidene fluoride (VDF), trifluoroethylene (TrFE), and 1,1-chlorofluoroethylene (CFE), were prepared at Institut de Saint-Louis (ISL) via a suspension polymerization process. Relevant studies and results show that this class of electroactive polymers offers unique properties in comparison with other ferroelectric polymers. The terpolymer exhibits high electrostrictive strain (>7%) with relatively high modulus (>0.3GPa). It has been also observed that the large electrostrictive strain is nearly constant in the temperature range from 20 to 80 degC. The high room temperature relative dielectric constant (~50), which is the highest among all the known polymers), high induced polarization (~0.05 C/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), and high electric breakdown field (>400 MV/m) lead to very high volume efficiency for the electric energy storage operated under high voltage (~10 J/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> )
Multimode interference couplers (1991)

Experimental results are presented on a new type of planar (Multimode Interference) coupler. Two-mode interference (TMI) couplers (Fig. la) were reported already in 1977 as an alternative to weak synchronous couplers,1 they are shorter and less sensitive to variations in the fabrication process, and thus have a potential for application without trimming or tuning facility. Further, they exhibit less polarization dependence.
ChemInform Abstract: ANTHRASTEROIDE AUS N‐ACYLAMINO‐3BETA‐HYDROXY‐7ALPHA‐ UND ‐7BETA‐PREGN‐5‐EN (1973)

Abstract Aus den beiden Steroiden (I) erhält man mit Trifluoressigsäure bei Raumtemperatur die Cyclisierungsprodukte (II), die sich bei 60°C in die Anthrasteroide (III) umlagern.
Systematic variation of the optical bandgap in titanium based isoreticular metal–organic frameworks for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 under blue light (2017)

<italic>N</italic>-alkyl substitution–from methyl to heptyl–in isoreticular MIL-125-NH<sub>2</sub> MOFs induces a stepwise decrease in the optical bandgap, while increasing CO<sub>2</sub> photoreduction efficiencies.
Light Polarization‐Controlled Shape‐Memory Polymer/Gold Nanorod Composite (2013)

It is demonstrated that light polarization can be used to control photothermal effect-based shape-memory polymers (SMPs). Gold nanorods (AuNRs) are embedded in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and aligned by stretching the composite film. By changing the polarization direction of the incident laser at 785 nm with respect to the film stretching direction, the magnitude of the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance of AuNRs can be varied continuously, which determines the amount of heat generated upon laser exposure and thus the local temperature rise in the composite relative to the glass transition of the PVA matrix. Consequently, the temporary-to-permanent shape recovery process of the composite can be made to occur to different extents by tuning the polarization of laser while keeping all other conditions unchanged. This finding enhances the toolbox for controlling light-triggered SMPs.
A novel extension of the SB-FFT: Sub-segment inverse fast Fourier transform (SS-IFFT) with different applications (2013)

In this paper we present a new fast approximate inverse FFT for short-time signal applications. This approach is derived from the sub-band FFT (SB-FFT) and it is called Sub-Segment IFFT (SS-IFFT). SS-IFFT uses the idea of decomposing the input signal
WE‐DE‐BRA‐07: Megavoltage Spectral Imaging with a Layered Detector (2016)

Purpose: The aim of the current work is to investigate the feasibility of megavoltage spectral imaging using a multiple layered detector for enhancement of low contrast detectability through material segmentation and discrimination (such as bone, markers and metal implants). Potentially the technique can be applied to improve detection and reduce dose in Megavoltage Cone Beam Computed Tomography (MV‐CBCT). Methods: Experiments were performed with a prototype multi‐layer imager (MLI) which has higher detective efficiency and lower noise characteristics than conventional Electronic Portal Imaging Devices (EPIDs). Images of a solid water phantom were acquired at 2.5 MV, 6MV and 6MV without flattening filter (FFF). The following materials were placed within a stack of solid water: aluminum, copper and gold. Material separation was assessed based on Contrast‐to‐Noise Ratio (CNR) of the weighted image, formed by a weighted subtraction of the images from two layers of the MLI. A range of weighting factors were investigated for material separation. Results: CNR can be minimized for each material by appropriate selection of the subtraction weighting factor. This is equivalent to a selective subtraction of specific materials from the image. Using multiple layers simultaneously also decreases the dose requirement and removes any registration errors. The minimum CNR for aluminum, copper and gold at the weighted image formed with 2.5MV was obtained at weighting factors equal to 0.92, 0.76 and 0.64 respectively. The corresponding values at 6MVFFF were 0.99, 0.92 and 0.78 respectively. Conclusion: In the current work, an MV spectral imaging feasibility study was attempted using a novel multi‐layer prototype EPID imager. Initial results suggest that material separation based on spectral differences between different layers is possible. This spectral imaging technique has potential advantages in MV‐CBCT for real‐time target tracking, patient set‐up imaging and adaptive radiotherapy. The project was supported, partially, by a grant from Varian Medical Systems, Inc., and Award No. R01CA188446‐01 from the National Cancer Institute. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Cancer Institute or the National Institutes of Health
A miniaturized continuous dielectrophoretic cell sorter and its applications (2010)

There is great interest in highly sensitive separation methods capable of quickly isolating a particular cell type within a single manipulation step prior to their analysis. We present a cell sorting device based on the opposition of dielectrophoretic forces that discriminates between cell types according to their dielectric properties, such as the membrane permittivity and the cytoplasm conductivity. The forces are generated by an array of electrodes located in both sidewalls of a main flow channel. Cells with different dielectric responses perceive different force magnitudes and are, therefore, continuously focused to different equilibrium positions in the flow channel, thus avoiding the need of a specific cell labeling as discriminating factor. We relate the cells' dielectric response to their output position in the downstream channel. Using this microfluidic platform that integrates a method of continuous-flow cell separation based on multiple frequency dielectrophoresis, we succeeded in sorting viable from nonviable yeast with nearly 100% purity. The method also allowed to increase the infection rate of a cell culture up to 50% of parasitemia percentage, which facilitates the study of the parasite cycle. Finally, we prove the versatility of our device by synchronizing a yeast cell culture at a particular phase of the cell cycle avoiding the use of metabolic agents interfering with the cells' physiology.
Foam Delivery of Hydrogen for Enhanced Aquifer Contacting and Anaerobic Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents (2005)

Abstract : Hydrogen biosparging of aquifers contaminated with chlorinated solvents is promising as a method to enhance situ microbial dechlorination. The major problem is the inability to distribute hydrogen throughout the contaminated interval such that complete dechlorination can occur. Foam is a dispersion of gas water that is stabilized from coalescence by the presence of a low concentration of surfactants. A promising method to greatly extend the horizontal migration of hydrogen the subsurface is to deliver the hydrogen as an in situ generated foam. In this report, we investigated the role of foam hydrogen biosparging for aquifer remediation.
Flexible and Stretchable Biobatteries: Monolithic Integration of Membrane‐Free Microbial Fuel Cells in a Single Textile Layer (2017)

Abstract The fabrication and performance of a flexible and stretchable microbial fuel cell (MFC) monolithically integrated into a single sheet of textile substrate are reported. The single‐layer textile MFC uses Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1) as a biocatalyst to produce a maximum power of 6.4 µW cm −2 and current density of 52 µA cm −2 , which are substantially higher than previous textile‐MFCs and are similar to other flexible paper‐based MFCs. The textile MFC demonstrates a stable performance with repeated stretching and twisting cycles. The membrane‐less single‐chamber configuration drastically simplifies the fabrication and improves the performance of the MFC. A conductive and hydrophilic anode in a 3D fabric microchamber maximizes bacterial electricity generation from a liquid environment and a silver oxide/silver solid‐state cathode reduces cathodic overpotential for fast catalytic reaction. A simple batch fabrication approach simultaneously constructs 35 individual devices, which will revolutionize the mass production of textile MFCs. This stretchable and twistable power device printed directly onto a single textile substrate can establish a standardized platform for textile‐based biobatteries and will be potentially integrated into wearable electronics in the future.
Tissue distribution properties of technetium-99m-diamide-dimercaptide complexes and potential use as renal radiopharmaceuticals (1986)

A series of new ligands and the corresponding technetium-99m chelates based on diamide dimercaptide donor groups were synthesized as derivatives of technetium-99m 1,2-bis(2-thioacetamido)ethane, a complex shown to be excreted by renal tubular secretion. Chelation with 99mTc resulted in single radiochemical products or the expected numbers of stereoisomers. They were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and evaluated in mice as potential renal tubular function agents. The in vivo properties were sensitive to the presence of functional groups, the positional isomerism of the carboxylate group functionality, and the chelate ring stereochemistry of the ligand. The presence of methyl groups slowed renal transit and decreased renal specificity. Cyclohexyl rings fused to the ethylene bridge of the center chelate ring decreased renal excretion while aromatic rings essentially abolished renal excretion. Slow hepatobiliary clearance was observed as an alternate mode of excretion. Polar groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxylate, and carboxamide, increased renal excretion rates and specificity in a stereochemically dependent manner. 99mTc chelates of 1,3-bis(2-thioacetamido)-2-hydroxypropane, 3,4-bis(2-thioacetamido)butanoate and 1,8-dimercapto-2,7-dioxo-3,6-diazanonanoate were identified as promising new renal radiopharmaceuticals.
The effect of concentration and temperature on the conductivity ratio of potassium chloride solutions to standard seawater of salinity 35 ‰(Cl 19.3740 ‰) (1980)

The ratios <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z_{K,t}</tex> of electrical conductivities of potassium chloride (KCI) solutions of known concentration ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">K</tex> ) to standard seawater at the same temperature have been measured at <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15\deg</tex> C and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">24\deg</tex> C for solutions with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z_{k,15}</tex> between 0.96 and 1.04. The "normal" concentration ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N or K_{N}</tex> ) giving <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z_{N,15}= 1</tex> was found to be <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">K_{N} = 32.4356</tex> gKCI/kg solution. The effect of temperature on <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z_{N,t}</tex> was measured over the range <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15\deg</tex> C to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">30\deg</tex> C. Equations are given for KCI concentration as a function of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z_{15}</tex> and the inverse function, for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z_{15}/Z_{24}</tex> as a function of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z_{24}</tex> (to allow use of a laboratory salinometer for the KCI-seawater comparisons), and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Z_{N,t}</tex> as a function of temperature.
Retinal blood vessel detection using wavelet-matched filter (2013)

A novel method for retinal blood vessel detection by using a wavelet-matched filter is proposed to improve the detection performance. Vessel references are generated by using dual Gaussian functions with different widths, separations, and orientations, while a Mexican hat wavelet is used for feature enhancements. The results show that the proposed method has advantages over the conventional matched filter in that the vessels can be easily distinguished from the fluctuating background without the need of a thresholding process, and vessel images can be precisely reconstructed.
CellMinerCDB: NCATS Is a Web-Based Portal Integrating Public Cancer Cell Line Databases for Pharmacogenomic Explorations (2023)

CellMinerCDB: NCATS provides activity information for 2,675 drugs in 183 cancer cell lines and analysis tools to facilitate pharmacogenomic research and to identify determinants of response.
The Effect of Real Gas Approximations on S-CO2 Compressor Design (2018)

From the efforts of many researchers and engineers related to the S-CO2 Brayton cycle technology development, the S-CO2 Brayton cycle is now considered as one of the key power technologies for the future. Since the S-CO2 Brayton cycle has advantages in economics due to high efficiency and compactness of the system, various industries have been trying to develop baseline technology on the design and analysis of the S-CO2 Brayton cycle components. According to the previous researches on the S-CO2 Brayton cycle component technology, the treatment of a thermodynamic property near the critical point of CO2 is one of the main concerns since conventional design and analysis methodologies cannot be used for the near critical point region. Among many thermodynamic properties, the stagnation to static condition conversion process is important since the flow in a compressor is at high flow velocity. In this paper, the impact of various stagnation to static conversion methods on the S-CO2 compressor design near the critical point will be evaluated. From the evaluation, the limitation of a certain stagnation to static conversion method will be discussed to provide a guideline for the future S-CO2 compressor designers.
Angiotensin II‐induced fluid phase endocytosis in human cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells is regulated by the inositol‐phosphate signaling pathway (1996)

The involvement of the early signaling messengers, inositol tris-phosphate (IP3), intracellular calcium, [Ca2+]i, and protein kinase C (PKC), in angiotensin II (AII)-induced fluid phase endocytosis was investigated in human brain capillary and microvascular endothelial cells (HCEC). AII (0.01–10 μM) stimulated the uptake of Lucifer yellow CH, an inert dye used as a marker for fluid phase endocytosis, in HCEC by 50–230%. AII also triggered a fast accumulation of IP3 and a rapid increase in [Ca2+]i in cells loaded with the Ca2+-responsive fluorescent dye fura-2. The prompt AII-induced [Ca2+]i spike was not affected by incubating HCEC in Ca2+-free medium containing 2 mM EGTA or by pretreating the cultures with the Ca2+ channel blockers, methoxyverapamil (D600; 50 μM), nickel (1 mM), or lanthanum (1 mM), suggesting that the activation of AII receptors on HCEC triggers the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. The AII-triggered increases in IP3, [Ca2+]i, and Lucifer yellow uptake were inhibited by the nonselective AII receptor antagonist, Sar1, Val5, Ala8-AII (SVA-AII), and by the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitors, neomycin and U-73122. By contrast, the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, staurosporine and calphostin C, failed to affect any of these AII-induced events. This study demonstrates that increased fluid phase endocytotosis induced by AII in human brain capillary endothelium, an event thought to be linked to the observed increases in blood-brain barrier permeability in acute hypertension, is likely dependent on PLC-mediated changes in [Ca2+]i and independent of PKC. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A Deep-Sequencing Workflow for the Fast and Efficient Generation of High-Quality African Swine Fever Virus Whole-Genome Sequences (2019)

African swine fever (ASF) is a severe disease of suids caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). Its dsDNA genome (170-194 kbp) is scattered with homopolymers and repeats as well as inverted-terminal-repeats (ITR), which hamper whole-genome sequencing. To date, only a few genome sequences have been published and only for some are data on sequence quality available enabling in-depth investigations. Especially in Europe and Asia, where ASFV has continuously spread since its introduction into Georgia in 2007, a very low genetic variability of the circulating ASFV-strains was reported. Therefore, only whole-genome sequences can serve as a basis for detailed virus comparisons. Here, we report an effective workflow, combining target enrichment, Illumina and Nanopore sequencing for ASFV whole-genome sequencing. Following this approach, we generated an improved high-quality ASFV Georgia 2007/1 whole-genome sequence leading to the correction of 71 sequencing errors and the addition of 956 and 231 bp at the respective ITRs. This genome, derived from the primary outbreak in 2007, can now serve as a reference for future whole-genome analyses of related ASFV strains and molecular approaches. Using both workflow and the reference genome, we generated the first ASFV-whole-genome sequence from Moldova, expanding the sequence knowledge from Eastern Europe.
Emptying, refurnishing, and relighting indoor spaces (2016)

Visualizing changes to indoor scenes is important for many applications. When looking for a new place to live, we want to see how the interior looks not with the current inhabitant's belongings, but with our own furniture. Before purchasing a new sofa, we want to visualize how it would look in our living room. In this paper, we present a system that takes an RGBD scan of an indoor scene and produces a scene model of the empty room, including light emitters, materials, and the geometry of the non-cluttered room. Our system enables realistic rendering not only of the empty room under the original lighting conditions, but also with various scene edits, including adding furniture, changing the material properties of the walls, and relighting. These types of scene edits enable many mixed reality applications in areas such as real estate, furniture retail, and interior design. Our system contains two novel technical contributions: a 3D radiometric calibration process that recovers the appearance of the scene in high dynamic range, and a global-illumination-aware inverse rendering framework that simultaneously recovers reflectance properties of scene surfaces and lighting properties for several light source types, including generalized point and line lights.
Studies on the Racemization of Amino Acids and Their Derivatives. III. The Effect of Alkyl-, Aralkyl- and Aryl-Side Chain at α-Position of Amino Acids on Their Base-Catalyzed Racemization (1970)

Kinetical study was carried out in the base-catalyzed racemization reaction of N-benzoyl anilide derivatives of six neutral amino acids, such as alanine, α-aminobutyric acid, valine, leucine, phenylalanine and phenylglycine. From the comparison of rate-constants thus obtained, it was concluded that the susceptibility of amino acids tested to the racemization may be expressed in thrm of acidity of α-proton related to the electronnegativity of alkyl-, aralkyl- and aryl-side chains at α-carbon.
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF METHANE AND ETHANE BY REDUCTION OF CARBON MONOXIDE COORDINATED THROUGH BOTH CARBON AND OXYGEN ON MG(CPFE(CO)2)2.4THF (1980)

Abstract Eine leichte katalytische Hydrierung von CO wäre eine wichtige Stufe bei der Umwandlung von Kohle in andere Brennstoffquellen.
Storage ring cross section measurements for electron impact ionization of Fe⁸⁺: Data (2016)

We have measured electron impact ionization (EII) for Fe⁸⁺ forming Fe⁹⁺ from below the ionization threshold to 1200 eV. These measurements were carried out at the TSR heavy ion storage ring. The objective of using a storage ring is to store the ion beam initially so that metastable levels decay, thereby allowing for measurements on a well-defined ground-level ion beam. In this case, however, some metastable levels were too long lived to be removed. We discuss several methods for quantifying the metastable fraction, which we estimate to be ~30%–40%. Although metastables remain problematic, the present storage ring work improves upon other experimental geometries by limiting the metastable contamination to only a few long-lived excited levels. We discuss some future prospects for obtaining improved measurements of Fe⁸⁺ and other ions with long-lived metastable levels. In the attached file, the first column is collision energy in eV, the second column is cross section in cm^-2, and the last column gives the statistical uncertainty.
Long QT mutations disrupt IKS regulation by PKA and PIP2 at the same KCNQ1 helix C-KCNE1 interface (2014)

KCNQ1 and KCNE1 co-assembly generates the I(KS) K(+) current, which is crucial to the cardiac action potential repolarization. Mutations in their corresponding genes cause long QT syndrome (LQT) and atrial fibrillation. The A-kinase anchor protein, yotiao (also known as AKAP9), brings the I(KS) channel complex together with signaling proteins to achieve regulation upon β1-adrenergic stimulation. Recently, we have shown that KCNQ1 helix C interacts with the KCNE1 distal C-terminus. We postulated that this interface is crucial for I(KS) channel modulation. Here, we examined the yet unknown molecular mechanisms of LQT mutations located at this intracellular intersubunit interface. All LQT mutations disrupted the internal KCNQ1-KCNE1 intersubunit interaction. LQT mutants in KCNQ1 helix C led to a decreased current density and a depolarizing shift of channel activation, mainly arising from impaired phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) modulation. In the KCNE1 distal C-terminus, the LQT mutation P127T suppressed yotiao-dependent cAMP-mediated upregulation of the I(KS) current, which was caused by reduced KCNQ1 phosphorylation at S27. Thus, KCNQ1 helix C is important for channel modulation by PIP2, whereas the KCNE1 distal C-terminus appears essential for the regulation of IKS by yotiao-mediated PKA phosphorylation.