gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated immersive inclusiveness (2023)

This essay focuses on a project undertaken by Red Earth Theatre with an interdisciplinary team of researchers at the University of Nottingham that had as its key aim the creative integration of captioning for accessibility into the aesthetic experience of theatrical performance. Research carried out for Red Earth’s ‘Deaf Like Me’ report in 2017 highlighted that many interviewees disliked the fact that having a BSL interpreter at the side of the stage is often the only way that performances are made accessible. Theatre captions are thus important for deaf and hard of hearing audiences because they can support the accessibility of all performances of a production, and support all audiences, whether or not they have BSL skills. However, when they are placed at the side or above the stage, the positioning makes reading captions and watching the action challenging: this can leave people feeling left out of the full theatrical experience. Our project aimed to find affordable technological solutions for integrating captions within the theatrical action, enabling all audience members access to an immersive and inclusive experience. Through a framed case study, we offer a mix of theoretical and practical insights for those working to develop an inclusive creative practice.
Regulation of B lymphocyte responses to IL-4 and IFN-gamma by activation through Ly-6A/E molecules. (1990)

The Ly-6 family of cell surface molecules has previously been shown to participate in T cell activation. We show that Ly-6A/E proteins also modulated the response of normal B lymphocytes in three separate in vitro assays. First, unfractionated or small resting B cells proliferated when cultured with IFN-gamma, IL-4, and an anti-Ly-6A/E mAb. Second, this anti-Ly-6A/E mAb restored B cell proliferation responses that were inhibited when coculturing the B cells in IFN-gamma, IL-4, and anti-IgM. Third, anti-Ly-6A/E specifically up-regulated the cell surface expression of its own Ag, and this response was dependent upon co-stimulation with IFN-gamma. Mixing of T and B cells in culture suggested that T cells did not contribute substantially to the B cell proliferative response. Moreover, up-regulation of Ly-6A/E was observed for one B cell lymphoma, WEHI-231. Therefore, it appeared that modulation of B cell function by anti-Ly-6A/E was due to a direct effect of the mAb binding to the B cells. Taken together, these data suggest Ly-6A/E proteins are functional on B cells and may play a regulatory role in B cell activation.
A Fast-Convergence Decoding Method and Memory-Efficient VLSI Decoder Architecture for Irregular LDPC Codes in the IEEE 802.16e Standards (2007)

In this paper, we propose a modified iterative decoding algorithm to decode a special class of quasi-cyclic low- density parity-check (QC-LDPC) codes such as QC-LDPC codes used in the IEEE 802.16e standards. The proposed decoding is implemented by serially decoding block codes with identical parity-check matrix H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> derived from the parity-check matrix H of the QC-LDPC codes. The dimensions of H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> are much smaller than those of H. Extrinsic values can be passed among these block codes since the code bits of these block codes are overlapped. Hence, the proposed decoding can reduce the number of iterations required by up to forty percent without error performance loss as compared to the conventional message- passing decoding algorithm. A partially-parallel very large-scale integration (VLSI) architecture is proposed to implement such a decoding algorithm. The proposed VLSI decoder can fully take advantage of the proposed decoding to increase its throughput. In addition, the proposed decoder only needs to store check-to- variable messages and hence is memory efficient.
Gellan Film as an Implant for Insulin Delivery (2001)

Gellan gum is an anionic polysaccharide produced by the aerobic fermentation of Pseudomonas elodea in batch culture. Gellan undergoes calcium-induced cross-linking to form a three-dimensional network, and this property makes it particularly attractive for the incorporation of biological moieties such as proteins. In this study, a procedure for the preparation of gellan films was developed and optimized, and the characteristics of these films were investigated. In addition, the effects of the concentration of each ingredient in gellan films and in vitro release behavior of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran from these films was examined. This film device was implanted for insulin delivery in diabetic rats. The blood glucose levels of the diabetic rats implanted with insulin-loaded films were about half of those implanted with blank films, and this therapeutic effect of insulin could last for one week. Both in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that the gellan film could be an ideal candidate in the development of protein delivery systems.
Using Statistics of Natural Images to Facilitate Automatic Receptive Field Analysis (2004)

A neuron can be conceptualized as performing a function on its inputs. This stimulus/response function characterizes “what the neuron does ” and is the main object of interest for cellular-level neuroscience. Automated methods for discovering certain properties of stimulus/response functions have many advantages over traditional methods
Design studies of large aperture, high-resolution Earth science microwave radiometers compatible with small launch vehicles (1994)

High-spatial-resolution microwave radiometer sensing from space with reasonable swath widths and revisit times favors large aperture systems. However, with traditional precision antenna design, the size and weight requirements for such systems are in conflict with the need to emphasize small launch vehicles. This paper describes tradeoffs between the science requirements, basic operational parameters, and expected sensor performance for selected satellite radiometer concepts utilizing novel lightweight compactly packaged real apertures. Antenna, feed, and radiometer subsystem design and calibration are presented. Preliminary results show that novel lightweight real aperture coupled with state-of-the-art radiometer designs are compatible with small launch systems, and hold promise for high-resolution earth science measurements of sea ice, precipitation, soil moisture, sea surface temperature, and ocean wind speeds.
A New, Efficient Synthesis of 5-Undecyl-6-hydroxy-4,7-dioxobenzothiazole (UHDBT), a Potent Electron Transport Inhibitor (1988)

La synthese du compose du titre se fait via la transposition de la methoxy-3 hydroxy-4 [thiazolyl-5]-4 undecyl-2 cyclobutene-2one
Enhancing the locality of optical interrogation with photonic-crystal fibers (2012)

Small-core photonic-crystal fibers (PCFs) are shown to enhance the locality of optical interrogation in fiber-probe-based imaging. We demonstrate that, in a typical fluorescence imaging experiment, the longitudinal dimension of the interrogated region closely follows the amtan−1θd scaling with the effective mode radius am and the beam-divergence angle θd. The confinement of optical interrogation provided by small-core, high-index-step PCF probes is high enough to enable interrogation of individual neurons in a typical brain imaging experiment.
The infrared spectrum of the Ar-CO complex Comprehensive analysis including van der Waals stretching and bending states (1996)

The infrared spectrum of the weakly-bound Ar-CO van der Waals complex in the 2150 cm-1 region of the CO stretch has been studied using a continuous supersonic slit jet expansion coupled with a tunable laser spectrometer, and also with a cooled (57 K) long-path cell coupled with a Fourier transform spectrometer. Seven new subbands were observed, and previously observed bands were observed in greater detail. Four substates were thus identified for the first time, including the excited van der Waals stretching state, v 3 = 1, and the excited bend, v 2 = 1, within the ground CO stretching state, v CO = 0. A comprehensive simultaneous analysis was made of all the existing infrared and microwave data on the complex for levels with K < 5, in order to obtain an accurate and self-consistent set of substate origins, rotational parameters, and centrifugal distortion parameters. A strong Coriolis interaction between K = 1 of the excited bend and K = 0 of the excited stretch was analysed in detail.
SAR by Oxime‐Containing Peptide Libraries: Application to Tsg101 Ligand Optimization (2008)

HIV-1 viral assembly requires a direct interaction between a Pro-Thr-Ala-Pro ("PTAP") motif in the viral protein Gag-p6 and the cellular endosomal sorting factor Tsg101. In an effort to develop competitive inhibitors of this interaction, an SAR study was conducted based on the application of post solid-phase oxime formation involving the sequential insertion of aminooxy-containing residues within a nonamer parent peptide followed by reaction with libraries of aldehydes. Approximately 15-20-fold enhancement in binding affinity was achieved by this approach.
Screening for Inhibitors of Low-Affinity Epigenetic Peptide-Protein Interactions: An AlphaScreen™-Based Assay for Antagonists of Methyl-Lysine Binding Proteins (2009)

The histone code comprises many posttranslational modifications that occur mainly in histone tail peptides. The identity and location of these marks are read by a variety of histone-binding proteins that are emerging as important regulators of cellular differentiation and development and are increasingly being implicated in numerous disease states. The authors describe the development of the first high-throughput screening assay for the discovery of inhibitors of methyl-lysine binding proteins that will be used to initiate a full-scale discovery effort for this broad target class. They focus on the development of an AlphaScreen-based assay for malignant brain tumor (MBT) domain-containing proteins, which bind to the lower methylation states of lysine residues present in histone tail peptides. This assay takes advantage of the avidity of the AlphaScreen beads to clear the hurdle to assay development presented by the low micromolar binding constants of the histone binding proteins for their cognate peptides. The assay is applicable to other families of methyl-lysine binding proteins, and it has the potential to be used in screening efforts toward the discovery of novel small molecules with utility as research tools for cellular reprogramming and ultimately drug discovery.
Field Test of an In-Stack Diffusion Classifier on an Aircraft Engine Test Cell (1981)

Abstract : An in-stack diffusion classifier was field tested at Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida. Particle size distribution measurements were made on the exhaust stream from the engine test cell while running a J75-P17 jet engine. Samples were collected at the test cell exhaust plane using a University of Washington in-stack cascade impactor followed, in series, by an in-stack diffusion classifier being developed at University of Florida. In addition, total particulate samples were obtained using absolute filters to determine particulate mass concentration in the exhaust gases. Opacity readings of the plume were also taken during sampling. The procedures to collect significant data and the general problems encountered to generate a reasonable estimate of jet exhaust aerosol size distribution using a diffusion classifier are described in this report.
DD-001 Effect of automated dispensing cabinets on drug distribution in 5 hospitals (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> As hospital pharmacies face an ever-changing landscape with new responsibilities, the need to find more efficient drug distribution methods becomes increasingly important. Omnicell conducted a comprehensive time and motion study at five large U.S. hospital sites of varying bed number, which were operating different cabinet-based drug distribution systems. <h3>Purpose</h3> To determine whether the use of automated dispensing cabinets (ADCs) helped in creating more efficient drug distribution systems. <h3>Material and methods</h3> In each facility, 5 to 6 days were spent recording time and motion to compare medicines management using a traditional patient-specific fill model and an ADC-based model. The times and costs associated with filling first doses, missing doses, batch doses and returning medicines were compared between the two models. <h3>Results</h3> Cost and time savings were adjusted for a 350-bed facility. First doses filled via ADC took 111 s less per dose. First doses filled via ADC cost US $0.23 per dose, compared to US $1.93 per dose via traditional methods. This resulted in an eight times lower first dose cost when dispensed from the ADC. Missing doses took 64 s less in the ADC model. Returns took 25 s per dose in the patient-specific fill process. The time savings associated with using ADCs accounted for a total decrease of 35 labour hours per week, which resulted in a savings of US $64,300 in labour annually. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Healthcare facilities can realise clear and measurable time and cost-saving benefits by using ADCs in their medicines distribution model. The change can significantly increase efficiency for both nursing and pharmacy. <h3>References and/or acknowledgements</h3> 1 Eckel SF, Eckel FM. Medication distribution systems. In: Brown TR, ed. <i>Handbook of Institutional Pharmacy Practice</i>, 4th ed. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 2006:383–92 Conflict of interest.
A High-throughput AFLP-based Method for Constructing Integrated Genetic and Physical Maps: Progress Toward a Sorghum Genome Map (2000)

Sorghum is an important target for plant genomic mapping because of its adaptation to harsh environments, diverse germplasm collection, and value for comparing the genomes of grass species such as corn and rice. The construction of an integrated genetic and physical map of the sorghum genome (750 Mbp) is a primary goal of our sorghum genome project. To help accomplish this task, we have developed a new high-throughput PCR-based method for building BAC contigs and locating BAC clones on the sorghum genetic map. This task involved pooling 24,576 sorghum BAC clones ( approximately 4x genome equivalents) in six different matrices to create 184 pools of BAC DNA. DNA fragments from each pool were amplified using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technology, resolved on a LI-COR dual-dye DNA sequencing system, and analyzed using Bionumerics software. On average, each set of AFLP primers amplified 28 single-copy DNA markers that were useful for identifying overlapping BAC clones. Data from 32 different AFLP primer combinations identified approximately 2400 BACs and ordered approximately 700 BAC contigs. Analysis of a sorghum RIL mapping population using the same primer pairs located approximately 200 of the BAC contigs on the sorghum genetic map. Restriction endonuclease fingerprinting of the entire collection of sorghum BAC clones was applied to test and extend the contigs constructed using this PCR-based methodology. Analysis of the fingerprint data allowed for the identification of 3366 contigs each containing an average of 5 BACs. BACs in approximately 65% of the contigs aligned by AFLP analysis had sufficient overlap to be confirmed by DNA fingerprint analysis. In addition, 30% of the overlapping BACs aligned by AFLP analysis provided information for merging contigs and singletons that could not be joined using fingerprint data alone. Thus, the combination of fingerprinting and AFLP-based contig assembly and mapping provides a reliable, high-throughput method for building an integrated genetic and physical map of the sorghum genome.
Application of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in electrocatalysis (2020)

An important aspect of rational catalyst development is to establish accurate property-performance correlations, which relies on the characterization of working catalysts during chemical reactions. In this context, tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), which can provide correlated topographic and chemical information, is an excellent technique for characterizing the dynamical
Heterogeneous nucleating agents for polypropylene crystallization (1967)

Abstract A model nucleating agent for polypropylene crystallization is described. A series of compounds consisting mainly of organocarboxylic acid salts is evaluated as heterogeneous nucleating agent for polypropylene crystallization by measuring their effect upon the polymer supercooling. Sodium benzoate and basic aluminium dibenzoate were among the best nucleating agents found. The nucleating abilities of the various compounds are discussed in terms of their structural features.
Ba3CuBr3(P2O7):  The First Copper(I) Halide Pyrophosphate (1996)

The first example of a copper(I) halide pyrophosphate, Ba3CuBr3(P2O7), is presented. It displays a simple structure consisting of isolated CuBr3 and P2O7 groups which are held together by a barium cation in a nine-coordinate geometry, BaO5Br4. Pyrophosphate groups display an interesting static precessional disorder.
Myoelectrical and Metabolic Changes in Muscle Fatigue (1992)

In isometric contraction-induced fatigue force loss has been related to mostly myoelectrical or intramuscular events. However, some factors potentially involved may interfere at more than one site in these events and it has proven difficult to distinguish between those influences. The study of the relationships between force generating capacity, the metabolic state of a muscle and its myoelectrical properties may therefore help broaden our understanding of the fatigue process. In order to investigate these relationships, we have evaluated changes in force-generating capacity, NMR-determined metabolic variables, and myoelectrical activity, as measured from surface EMG, simultaneously in brachial biceps muscle of healthy subjects, during different types of fatiguing isometric exercise and during recovery. Factors studied include intramuscular pH, inorganic phosphate and its diprotonated form concentrations, root-mean square and mean power frequency of the EMG power spectrum, and neuromuscular efficiency index. Results show that different mechanisms are likely to contribute to force loss in fatiguing muscle and during different phases of recovery from fatigue. Indeed, relationships between variables from the three groups differed according to exercise protocol as well as in fatiguing and recovering muscle.
Spin-dependent transport of electrons in the presence of a smooth lateral potential and spin-orbit interaction (2004)

We describe theoretically the process of multibeam reflection in a two-dimensional electron system with a lateral potential barrier. Due to spin-orbital interaction, the reflection process leads to the formation of three beams with different spin polarizations. The efficiency of spin conversion can become small for smooth lateral barriers. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that the spin-conversion effect remains strong for realistic lithographical potentials and spin-orbit interactions in etched lateral nanostructures. The system with a lateral barrier suggests useful applications as a spin-filtering device. The expected quasiclassical adiabatic behavior without spin conversion is found in the system with a very strong spin-orbit interaction. We also consider the quasiclassical motion of electrons in a system with boundaries in a magnetic field and two magnetic focusing geometries.
Predicting protein structure using hidden Markov models (1997)

We discuss how methods based on hidden Markov models performed in the fold-recognition section of the CASP2 experiment. Hidden Markov models were built for a representative set of just over 1,000 structures from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Each CASP2 target sequence was scored against this library of HMMs. In addition, an HMM was built for each of the target sequences and all of the sequences in PDB were scored against that target model, with a good score on both methods indicating a high probability that the target sequence is homologous to the structure. The method worked well in comparison to other methods used at CASP2 for targets of moderate difficulty, where the closest structure in PDB could be aligned to the target with at least 15% residue identity.
Differential Effects of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase Mutations on RNase H Activity in Mg2+ and Mn2+ (1996)

We were intrigued by a discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo RNase H results for two of the mutants. While C and 5E appeared to have nearly wild-type RNase H activity in vitro, they were unable to degrade their genomic RNA in vivo and thus were effectively RNase H null mutants in this context. In this present report, we describe the differential effects of these mutations on RNase H activity in vitro in the presence of Mg 2 versus Mn 2 : mutants C and 5E were active in the presence of the less biologically relevant Mn 2 and not in the presence of Mg 2 . We also describe three mutants with only partial activity in Mg 2 . The presence of the different cations can also affect DNA polymerization and processivity of an RNase H-deficient mutant.
Short and long-term effects of X-irradiation on ovarian follicular populations in the ewe (1982)

The effects of X-irradiation on the total number of follicles larger than 50 microns in diameter have been studied 10 and 42 days after treatment (short vs long-term animals). A comparison of short-term and control animals showed a sharp reduction in the healthy-follicle population; only 50 p. 100 of the preantral follicles and 40 p. 100 of the antral follicles survived irradiation. The mitotic index of the antral follicles was also reduced and the between-ovary equilibrium per animal was altered. When compared to short-term animals, long-term ewes did not show follicular compensation similar to that seen after hemicastration. Furthermore, the mitotic index did not increase over the control values. Cyclic ovarian activity was maintained despite this.