gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kirkwood−Buff Integrals in Aqueous Alcohol Systems: Aggregation, Correlation Volume, and Local Composition (1999)

The Kirkwood−Buff theory of solution was used to investigate the formation of clusters in aqueous alcohol solutions. The correlation volume (volume in which the composition differs from the bulk one) was calculated for the systems 1-propanol−water and tert-butyl alcohol−water and compared with the sizes of clusters determined by various physical techniques. The calculations indicated that two types of clusters, alcohol- and water-rich clusters, are present in the solutions. Their sizes, which depend on composition in a similar way, exhibit maxima in the water-rich region. The calculated values are in a satisfactory agreement with experiment. The composition inside the clusters (the local composition) was calculated as a function of the correlation volume for dilute aqueous methanol, ethanol, propanols, and tert-butyl alcohol solutions. The results were compared with the local compositions provided by the Wilson and NRTL equations.
Immune Responses Induced by Characteristic Cells of the Intestinal Immune System and the Effects of Food and Microbiota (2014)

近年，食品成分が免疫系に作用することが示され，これらを利用した新規機能性食品の開発が進められている．腸管には最大級の免疫系が存在し，食品成分の作用を受けるのはこの腸管免疫系である．腸管においては，(1)経口摂取されたタンパク質抗原に対して免疫応答が抑制され，食物アレルギーの抑制機構とされる「経口免疫寛容」，(2)腸管粘膜における感染防御を担い，腸内共生菌を制御するIgA抗体分泌，そして(3)腸管バリアの防御に働くTh17細胞が誘導される，といった特徴的な免疫応答が誘導されることが知られるが，このような応答は，腸管に存在する独特の性質を有する免疫細胞によって担われることが最近の研究で明らかになってきた．本稿では，これら腸管特有の細胞群について紹介する（図1, 概念図で組織的な配置は考慮されていない）．特にIgA抗体産生，および「経口免疫寛容」それぞれに重要な腸管樹状細胞について詳細に解説する．また，IgA抗体産生を増強することを見いだしたCD3-IL-2R+細胞や最近注目されている非血球系細胞として腸管免疫組織を構築するストローマ細胞についても紹介したい．また，これら腸管免疫細胞は，腸内細菌および食品成分の作用が注目される．腸内には，100兆個とも言われる腸内共生菌が生息しており，これらが免疫系の正常な発達，生体の恒常性に重要であることが明らかになってきている．これら腸内共生菌，さらに，プロバイオティクス，プレバイオティクスをはじめ，種々の食品成分は，これら腸管免疫細胞に少なからず作用すると考えられる．
Noise Radiation Model of a Powertrain Using an Inverse Boundary Element Method and Projection on Wave-Envelope Vectors (2003)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The paper deals with the construction of a powertrain acoustic radiation model to be used as a noise source in acoustic finite or boundary element models. This model results from near-field acoustic measurements of the running powertrain. Transfer functions between the measurement points and a meshed envelope of the powertrain (850 nodes) are calculated using a boundary element model of the powertrain in the test-bench. Wave-Envelope vectors are then used as a projection basis to solve the inverse problem providing flow velocities on the surface of the powertrain model. The quality of the model is assessed by comparing computed and measured sound pressures at specific location, away from the initial measurement points. The original free-field configuration, as well as a confined situation, simulating an under-hood around the powertrain, are examined.&lt;/div&gt;
Image-guided surgery: what is the accuracy? (2005)

Image-guided surgery systems commonly used in rhinology report mean accuracies of 2 mm or less. Surgeons must be aware that this value represents a mean of a distribution of errors. As such, 95% of the time error can be expected to be less than approximately 1.7 times its mean value. However, outliers (errors much larger and much smaller than the mean) may exist for each IGS intervention. As noted, IGS systems function to complement-not replace-knowledge of surgical anatomy.
Protein tyrosine phosphorylation in the regulation of hematopoiesis by receptors of the cytokine-receptor superfamily. (1994)

Cytokines regulate the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic cells through their interaction with receptors of the cytokine receptor superfamily. This family of receptors has conserved motifs in the extracellular domain but share only limited similarity in the cytoplasmic domains. Although lacking catalytic domains, a variety of studies demonstrate that the cytokine receptors function by coupling ligand binding to induction of tyrosine phosphorylation. Recent studies have shown that the JAK family of kinases associate with cytokine receptors and are activated by ligand binding. Interaction occurs with the membrane proximal region of the cytoplasmic domain, a region that has been found to be essential for mitogenesis. One of the substrates of tyrosine phosphorylation is the receptor and, in the case of the receptor for Epo, the membrane distal region of the cytoplasmic domain is phosphorylated. Once phosphorylated, this site becomes a binding site for the amino-terminal SH2 domain of hematopoietic cell phosphatase (HCP). HCP is an important negative regulator of hematopoietic cell growth and its recruitment to the receptor complex is speculated to be important for this effect. The role of HCP is best indicated by the observation that the murine mutation, motheaten, is due to a mutation that results in the inability to make HCP. Motheaten mice die soon after birth due to the overproliferation of a variety of hematopoietic lineages. Together the results demonstrate an essential role in both protein tyrosine phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation in the growth regulation of hematopoiesis.
Mechanics and analysis of composite materials (2001)

Preface. Introduction. Fundamentals of Mechanics of Solids. Mechanics of a Unidirectional Ply. Mechanics of a Composite Layer. Mechanics of Laminates. Failure Criteria and Strength of Laminates. Environmental, Special Loading, and Manufacturing Effects. Optimal Composite Structures. Name Index. Subject Index.
Supplementary Table 1 from Autoantibodies Drive Heart Damage Caused by Concomitant Radiation and PD-1 Blockade (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1&lt;/p&gt;
Family-centered caregiving from hospital to home: Coping with trauma and building capacity with the HOPE for Families model (2018)

Informal caregivers and families play a significant role in the recovery process of trauma survivors. However, the needs and outcomes of orthopedic caregiving family members in the months following traumatic injury have received almost no attention in the literature. Our study sought to understand the factors impacting orthopedic trauma families’ experience and their ability to cope and provide care post-acute hospitalization. Based on these findings, we designed a hospital-based program to enhance family coping and adjustment post-discharge. Caregivers (N=12) of patients with orthopedic trauma injury engaged in three in-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews to identify their most salient concerns. Once home, subjects described caregiving life at home, their coping strategies for managing the patient’s recovery, and help they received from formal and informal sources. Analysis of the qualitative data found that trauma care lacks a unified system of coordination after the patient’s return home. Thus, the role of “secondary caregivers” - longtime friends, family members, church groups, neighbors - was significant. Without an organized system of support and information, the caregivers in our study turned to their established communities for comfort and assistance. Conclusions: Based on these findings, we designed a family caregiver program, Holistic Orthopedic Patient-centered Engagement (HOPE for Families), to support families in this early transition, and to enhance collective and continuous caregiving capacity. HOPE for Families uses peer mentors as “central care organizers” to identify and engage the family’s secondary caregivers system, using the HOPE Care Planning tool to identify stressor/demands and caregiver resources to meet anticipated needs.
Fibrate-modulated expression of fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and apolipoprotein A-I in cultured cynomolgus monkey hepatocytes -- role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha. (1998)

Fibrates are used to lower plasma triglycerides and cholesterol levels in hyperlipidemic patients. In addition, fibrates have been found to alter the plasma concentrations of fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I). We have investigated the in vitro effects of fibrates on fibrinogen, PAI-1 and apo A-I synthesis and the underlying regulatory mechanisms in primary monkey hepatocytes. We show that fibrates time- and dose-dependently increase fibrinogen and apo A-I expression and decrease PAI-1 expression in cultured cynomolgus monkey hepatocytes, the effects demonstrating different potency for different fibrates. After three consecutive periods of 24 h the most effective fibrate. ciprofibrate (at 1 mmol/l), increased fibrinogen and apo A-I synthesis to 356% and 322% of control levels, respectively. Maximum inhibition of PAI-1 synthesis was about 50% of control levels and was reached by 1 mmol/l gemfibrozil or ciprofibrate after 48 h. A ligand for the retinoid-X-receptor (RXR), 9-cis retinoic acid, and specific activators of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha), Wy14,643 and ETYA, influenced fibrinogen, PAI-1 and apo A-I expression in a similar fashion, suggesting a role for the PPARalpha/RXRalpha heterodimer in the regulation of these genes. When comparing the effects of the various compounds on PPARalpha transactivation activity as determined in a PPARalpha-sensitive reporter gene system and the ability of the compounds to affect fibrinogen, PAI-1 and apo A-I antigen production, a good correlation (r=0.80; p <0.01) between PPARalpha transactivation and fibrinogen expression was found. Apo A-I expression correlated only weakly with PPARalpha transactivation activity (r=0.47; p=0.24), whereas such a correlation was absent for PAI-1 (r=0.03; p=0.95). These results strongly suggest an involvement of PPARalpha in the regulation of fibrinogen gene expression.
Effect of Cysteine on Bovine Serum Albumin(BSA) Denaturation Induced by Solar Ultraviolet (UVA,UVB) Irradiation. (1991)

Long-term exposure to natural sun-light (UVA, UVB) induced fluorescence and caused disulfide bond formation in bovine serum albumin (BSA). The addition of cysteine enhanced the bond formation to such an extent that a solution of BSA was transformed into an insoluble gel. The disulfide bonds in the gels are derived from internal-SH groups of protein. This reaction occurred even if cysteine was added after exposure to ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation. Fluorescent substances seem to be involved in this reaction. On the other hand, low concentrations of cysteine (less than 5 mM) inhibited both fluorescence and disulfide bond formation. The addition of glutathione to BSA produced the same effect as that of cysteine. The addition of thiourea to BSA solution inhibited fluorescence, but did not inhibit disulfide bond formation. We assume that external-SH compounds such as cysteine and glutathione, which have high reactivity with hydroxyl radicals (.OH), act not only as free-radical scavengers, but also as radical mediators in the polymerization of protein through disulfide cross-links induced by UV-irradiation. Solar UVA as well as UVB irradiation are shown to have the same effect on the protein polymerization.
Multilevel Routing With Redundant Via Insertion (2006)

This brief presents an improved multilevel full-chip routing system which integrates the redundant via placement in the routing flow for yield and reliability enhancement. The system features a pre-coarsening stage which is equipped with fast congestion-driven L-pattern global router followed by detailed router. The L-pattern global routing benefits to the reduction of vias and thus relieves the burden of redundant via addition. In addition, a rvia-driven maze routing algorithm is also integrated in the system to improve the insertion of redundant vias. Finally a redundant via placement heuristic is adopted to enhance the completion rate. We have tested the system on a set of commonly used benchmark circuits and compared the results with a previous multilevel routing system. Besides much enhancement obtained in the aspect of redundant via placement, the system also obtains high routing completion rate, minimized total wire length and total number of vias in satisfactory runtime
Power efficient switches with dynamic virtual channel allocation for network-on-chips (2008)

In this paper, we present a dynamic power management (DPM) technique for optimizing the use of virtual channels in network on chips. The technique which is called dynamic virtual channels allocation (DVCA) makes use of the traffic conditions and past buffer utilization to dynamically forecast the number of virtual channels that should be active. In this technique, for low (high) traffic loads, a small (large) number of VCs are allocated to the corresponding input channel. This provides us with the ability to reduce the power consumption of the router while maintaining the data communication rate. The simulation results show that up to 35% reduction in the buffer power consumption and up to 20% savings in the overall router power consumption may be achieved. Finally, the area and power overheads of the technique are negligible.
Chemistry of arsenic reacting with dihydroxybenzoic acid containing the functional groups relevant to humic acid (2010)

Importantly, these studies highlighted the influx of externally derived, petroleum-related organic matter at most of the sites analysed. This was clearly indicated by the presence of a hydrocarbon (n-alkane) distribution pattern with a carbon preference index of approximately 1, the presence of an unresolved mixture as well as thermally mature distributions of hopanes and steranes in the unsaturated hydrocarbon fractions of the analysed sediments.
Apolipoprotein L-I is positively associated with hyperglycemia and plasma triglycerides in CAD patients with low HDL (2004)

Apolipoprotein L-I (apoL-I) is present on a subset of HDL particles and is positively correlated with plasma triglycerides (TGs). We measured plasma apoL-I levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) subjects with low HDL who were enrolled in an angiographic CAD prevention trial. At baseline, apoL-I levels (n = 136; range, 2.2-64.1 mug/ml) were right skewed with a large degree of variability. Multivariate analysis for biological determinants of apoL-I revealed that the log of VLDL-TG (+0.17; P < 0.05) and hyperglycemia (HG; +0.26; P < 0.005) independently predicted apoL-I level. Hyperglycemic patients (n = 24) had mean apoL-I levels >50% higher than normoglycemic subjects (n = 112; 13.2 vs. 8.3 mug/ml, respectively; P < 0.001). No relationship between apoL-I level and change in CAD was found (r = 0.06, P = 0.49). Simvastatin-niacin therapy did not alter apoL-I levels (n = 34; P = 0.27), whereas antioxidant vitamins alone increased apoL-I by >50% (n = 36; P < 0.01). Genotyping of a known apoL-I polymorphism (Lys166Glu) did not independently account for any of the variability in apoL-I levels. In conclusion, we found TG and HG to be the strongest predictors of apoL-I within a dyslipidemic CAD population. These data provide further characterization of the novel HDL-associated apoL-I.
Lineage- and stage-specific adhesion of human hematopoietic progenitor cells to extracellular matrices from marrow fibroblasts (1988)

Local regulation of hematopoietic differentiation in the marrow requires close interactions with components of the microenvironment. In this study, we explored the capacity of human marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells to adhere in vitro to the extracellular matrix (ECM) secreted by human marrow fibroblasts. When marrow mononuclear cells were incubated on ECM-coated dishes, all types of progenitors adhered to this substrate through an active process requiring divalent cations and serum factors. The proportion of erythropoietic progenitors attached to ECM in two hours was at least twofold higher than that of granulopoietic progenitors. Moreover, in the erythroid lineage, the capacity to adhere to ECM increased with the degree of differentiation of the progenitor: 28% of CFU-E adhered to ECM as compared with 13% of immature BFU-E. Thus, ECM-mediated adherence varied both with the cell lineage and the maturation stage of the progenitor. Purified fibronectin could substitute for ECM in the adhesion assay, and ECM- mediated adhesion of CFU-E and BFU-E was partially inhibited by a polyclonal antifibronectin antibody, which implies that fibronectin may be one ECM component involved in progenitor cell adhesion. Incomplete inhibition of progenitor adhesion to ECM by the antifibronectin antibody, however, as well as the lower proportion of precursors attaching to purified fibronectin as compared with ECM suggest that other matrix molecules may also mediate erythroid progenitors attachment to ECM. These observations support the idea that hematopoietic progenitor cells may regulate their differentiation in part through the modulation of adhesive interactions with a number of constituents of the microenvironment.
Joint Replacement Arthroplasty (2003)

Basic science the hand and wrist the elbow the shoulder the hip the knee the foot and ankle.
Entropic clocks in the service of electrical signaling: ‘Ball and chain’ mechanisms for ion channel inactivation and clustering (2015)

Electrical signaling in the nervous system relies on action potential generation, propagation and transmission. Such processes are dynamic in nature and rely on precisely timed events associated with voltage‐dependent ion channel conformational transitions between their primary open, closed and inactivated states and clustering at unique membrane sites. In voltage‐dependent potassium (Kv) channels, fast inactivation and clustering processes rely on entropic clock chains as described by ‘ball and chain’ mechanisms, suggesting important roles for such chains in electrical signaling. Here, we consider evidence supporting the proposed ‘ball and chain’ mechanisms for Kv channel fast inactivation and clustering associated with intrinsically disordered N ‐ and C ‐terminal regions of the protein, respectively. Based on this comparison, we delineate the requirements that argue for such a process and establish the thermodynamic signature of a ‘ball and chain’ mechanism. Finally, we demonstrate how ‘chain’‐level alternative splicing of the Kv channel gene modulates the entropic clock‐based ‘ball and chain’ inactivation and clustering channel functions underlying changes in electrical signaling. As such, the Kv channel model system exemplifies how linkage between alternative splicing and intrinsic disorder enables functional diversity.
Correction to Potent Antifouling Resorcylic Acid Lactones from the Gorgonian-Derived Fungus Cochliobolus lunatus (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Potent Antifouling Resorcylic Acid Lactones from the Gorgonian-Derived Fungus Cochliobolus lunatusChang-Lun Shao, Hui-Xian Wu, Chang-Yun Wang*, Qing-Ai Liu, Ying Xu, Mei-Yan Wei, Pei-Yuan Qian, Yu-Cheng Gu, Cai-Juan Zheng, Zhi-Gang She*, and Yong-Cheng LinCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 2013, 76, 2, 302Publication Date (Web):February 8, 2013Publication History Published online8 February 2013Published inissue 22 February 2013https://doi.org/10.1021/np400079tCopyright © 2013 The American Chemical Society and American Society of PharmacognosyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views894Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (127 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Biomechanical Analysis of Sublaminar and Subtransverse Process Fixation Using Metal Wires and Polyethylene Cables (2006)

Subtransverse process fixation provides at least as much stability as sublaminar fixation. A 5-mm UHMWPE cable and stainless steel wire result in equivalent sublaminar and subtransverse process stability.
Energy harvesting from structural vibrations of magnetic shape memory alloys (2017)

This letter presents the idea of scavenging energy from vibrating structures through magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA). To this end, a MSMA specimen made of Ni50Mn28Ga22 is coupled to a cantilever beam through a step. Two permanent magnets installed at the top and bottom of the beam create a bias field perpendicular to the magnetization axis of the specimen. When vibrating the device, a longitudinal axial load applies on the MSMA, which in turn changes the magnetization, due to the martensitic variant reorientation mechanism. A pick-up coil wounded around the MSMA converts this variation into voltage according to the Faraday's law. Experimental test confirms the possibility of generating voltage in a vibrating MSMA. In particular, 15 μW power is harvested for acceleration of 0.3 g RMS at a frequency of 19.1 Hz, which is comparable with piezoelectric energy harvesters. It is also found that the optimum bias magnetic field for maximum voltage is lower than the starting field of pseudo elastic behavior.
Laser processing of printed copper interconnects on polymer substrates (2016)

With the increasing demand for integration of electronics embedded within devices there has been a consequent increase in the requirement for the deposition of electrically conductive materials to form connecting tracks on or within non-traditional substrate materials, such as temperature sensitive polymers, that may also have non-planar surfaces. In this work, micron scale copper powder based materials were deposited onto acrylic and glass substrates and then selectively laser processed to form electrically conductive copper tracks. Before deposition, the copper powder was chemically treated to remove the surface oxide and subsequently protected with a self-assembled monolayer coating. The copper was then patterned onto the substrate either as a dry powder confined within pre-formed grooves, or was combined with a binder to be printed as a paste. A CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser was then used to heat the copper powder in air, leading to tracks that showed good electrical conductivity. At low laser power levels, the tracks appeared largely unchanged from the original material, but showed measureable conductivity. With higher laser power levels the tracks showed evidence of partial melting of the surface layers and further reductions in resistivity, to values approximately 30 times those of bulk copper, were obtained.
Subcortical Structure Disruption in Diffusion Tensor Tractography of the Patient With the Syndrome of Irreversible Lithium-Effectuated Neurotoxicity Combined With Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report (2021)

This case suggests that the clinical use of diffusion tensor tractography could be helpful to explain the clinical features in the case of SILENT combined with NMS.