gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Persistent nociception induces anxiety-like behavior in rodents: Role of endogenous neuropeptide S (2014)

Anxiety disorder is a comorbid condition of chronic pain. Analgesics and anxiolytics, subject to addiction and abuse, are currently used to manage pain and anxiety symptoms. However, the cellular mechanism underlying chronic pain and anxiety interaction remains to be elucidated. We report that persistent nociception following peripheral nerve injury induced anxiety-like behavior in rodents. Brain expression and release of neuropeptide S (NPS), a proposed endogenous anxiolytic peptide, was diminished in rodents with coexisting nociceptive and anxiety-like behaviors. Intracerebroventricular administration of exogenous NPS concurrently improved both nociceptive and anxiety-like behaviors. At the cellular level, NPS enhanced intra-amygdaloidal inhibitory transmission by increasing presynaptic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from interneurons. These findings indicate that the interaction between nociceptive and anxiety-like behaviors in rodents may be regulated by the altered NPS-mediated intra-amygdaloidal GABAergic inhibition. The data suggest that enhancing the brain NPS function may be a new strategy to manage comorbid pain and anxiety.
Generation of cross-polarized photon pairs in a 800-nm band via Type II parametric down-conversion using a periodically poled Lithium Niobate (2007)

We have developed a high-efficiency source of cross-polarized photon pairs via type-II quasi-phase matched spontaneous parametric down-conversion using periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN). The photon pairs are generated from the PPLN in fifth-order quasi-phase matched condition around 800 nm, which matches the wavelength band of efficient Si avalanche photodiodes. We obtained 25,000 coincidence counts sec <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> mW <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> of the photon pairs.
Commentary on Using LNT for Radiation Protection and Risk Assessment (2010)

An article by Jerome Puskin attempts to justify the continued use of the linear no-threshold (LNT) assumption in radiation protection and risk assessment. In view of the substantial and increasing amount of data that contradicts this assumption; it is difficult to understand the reason for endorsing this unscientific behavior, which severely constrains nuclear energy projects and the use of CT scans in medicine. Many Japanese studies over the past 25 years have shown that low doses and low dose rates of radiation improve health in living organisms including humans. Recent studies on fruit flies have demonstrated that the original basis for the LNT notion is invalid. The Puskin article omits any mention of important reports from UNSCEAR, the NCRP and the French Academies of Science and Medicine, while citing an assessment of the Canadian breast cancer study that manipulated the data to obscure evidence of reduced breast cancer mortality following a low total dose. This commentary provides dose limits that are based on real human data, for both single and chronic radiation exposures.
Differentiation and Loss of Malignant Character of Spontaneous Pulmonary Metastases in Patient-Derived Breast Cancer Models (2020)

Patient-derived human-in-mouse xenograft models of breast cancer (PDX models) that exhibit spontaneous lung metastases offer a potentially powerful model of cancer metastasis. In this study, we evaluated the malignant character of lung micro-metastases that emerge in such models after orthotopic implantation of human breast tumor cells into the mouse mammary fat pad. Interestingly, relative to the parental primary breast tumors, the lung metastasis (met)-derived mammary tumors exhibited a slower growth rate and a reduced metastatic potential with a more differentiated epithelial status. Epigenetic correlates were determined by gene array analyses. Lung met-derived tumors displayed differential expression of negative regulators of cell proliferation and metabolism and positive regulators of mammary epithelial differentiation. Clinically, this signature correlated with breast tumor subtypes. We identified microRNA-138 as a novel regulator of invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells, acting by directly targeting the polycomb epigenetic regulator EZH2. Mechanistic investigations showed that GATA3 transcriptionally controlled miR-138 levels in lung metastases. Notably, the miR-138 activity signature served as a novel independent prognostic marker for patient survival beyond traditional pathologic variables, intrinsic subtypes or a proliferation gene signature. Our results highlight the loss of malignant character in some lung micro-metastatic lesions and the epigenetic regulation of this phenotype.
Development of clinical pharmacy in Belgian hospitals through pilot projects funded by the government (2018)

Objectives The goal is to develop clinical pharmacy in the Belgian hospitals to improve drug efficacy and to reduce drug-related problems. Methods From 2007 to 2014, financial support was provided by the Belgian federal government for the development of clinical pharmacy in Belgian hospitals. This project was guided by a national Advisory Working Group. Each funded hospital was obliged to describe yearly its clinical pharmacy activities. Results In 2007, 20 pharmacists were funded in 28 pilot hospitals; this number was doubled in 2009 to 40 pharmacists over 54 institutions, representing more than half of all acute Belgian hospitals. Most projects (72%) considered patient-related activities, whereas some projects (28%) had a hospital-wide approach. The projects targeted patients at admission (30%), during hospital stay (52%) or at discharge (18%). During hospital stay, actions were mainly focused on geriatric patients (20%), surgical patients (15%), and oncology patients (9%). Experiences, methods, and tools were shared during meetings and workshops. Structure, process, and outcome indicators were reported and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were described. The yearly reports revealed that the hospital board was engaged in the project in 87% of the cases, and developed a vision on clinical pharmacy in 75% of the hospitals. In 2014, the pilot phase was replaced by structural financing for clinical pharmacy in all acute Belgian hospitals. Conclusion The pilot projects in clinical pharmacy funded by the federal government provided a unique opportunity to launch clinical pharmacy activities on a broad scale in Belgium. The results of the pilot projects showed clear implementation through case reports, time registrations, and indicators. Tools for clinical pharmacy activities were developed to overcome identified barriers. The engagement of hospital boards and the results of clinical pharmacy activities persuaded the government to start structural financing of clinical pharmacy.
Developmental origins of obesity‐related hypertension (2011)

1. In the past 30 years the prevalence of obesity and overweight have doubled. It is now estimated that globally over 500 million adults are obese and a further billion adults are overweight. Obesity is a cardiovascular risk factor and some studies suggest that up to 70% of cases of essential hypertension may be attributable, in part, to obesity. Increasingly, evidence supports a view that obesity-related hypertension may be driven by altered hypothalamic signalling, which results in inappropriately high appetite and sympathetic nerve activity to the kidney. 2. In addition to the adult risk factors for obesity and hypertension, the environment encountered in early life may 'programme' the development of obesity, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. In particular, maternal obesity or high dietary fat intake in pregnancy may induce changes in fetal growth trajectories and predispose individuals to develop obesity and related sequelae. 3. The mechanisms underlying the programming of obesity-related hypertension are becoming better understood. However, several issues require clarification, particularly with regard to the role of the placenta in transferring fatty acid to the fetal compartment, the impact of placental inflammation and cytokine production in obesity. 4. By understanding which factors are most associated with the development of obesity and hypertension in the offspring, we can focus therapeutic and behavioural interventions to most efficiently reduce the intergenerational propagation of the obesity cycle.
Pt–Cu based nanocrystals as promising catalysts for various electrocatalytic reactions (2019)

This review addresses recent developments in Pt–Cu based catalysts toward various energy conversion electrocatalytic applications such as the HER, ORR, MOR, EGOR and FAOR.
Frequency domain analysis of on-chip power distribution network (2016)

The noise induced by variations in power supply adversely effects System-on-chip (SoC) performance and these effects could be understood through modelling and analysis of Power Distribution Network (PDN). This paper presents modelling of PDN by incorporation of BGR and LDO for analyzing the effect of supply induced noise on the PDN performance. The effect of Simultaneous Switching Noise (SSN) resulting from switching of various analog and digital sub-systems is assessed through power spectral density curves. Finally, an appropriate PDN topology is proposed for connecting the sub-systems on a chip by considering the minimal effect of simultaneous switching noise on output as the main criterion.
Remote measurement of interrupt-coalescence latency of internet hosts (2017)

Interrupt coalescence (IC) in the network interface card (NIC) of an Internet host is a hardware artifact to reduce the processing load of the host, but it also adds an additional delay in the processing time of a packet. As the transmission speeds of Internet hosts are increasing at a faster pace than the processing speeds of the hosts, NICs running at 100 Mb/s and above are adopting IC. This added delay from IC incurs a significant error to the measurement of various network parameters performed by Internet hosts. Knowledge of the IC-based delay helps to increase the accuracy of the measurement of several network parameters, including delay and bandwidth, and supports delay-sensitive applications, such as IP geolocation and load balancing. In this paper, we propose a scheme to measure the IC period of a remote Internet hosts using pairs of probing packets. The scheme does not require infrastructural support along the path or specialized instrumentation at the host under test. We evaluated the scheme on a testbed and an open-access campus network, on links of up to 1000 Mb/s. The scheme measures the IC period with 90% accuracy, quickly, and with a small probing load.
Resampling-Based Multiple Hypothesis Testing with Applications to Genomics: New Developments in the R/Bioconductor Package multtest (2009)

The multtest package is a standard Bioconductor package containing a suite of functions useful for executing, summarizing, and displaying the results from a wide variety of multiple testing procedures (MTPs). In addition to many popular MTPs, the central methodological focus of the multtest package is the implementation of powerful joint multiple testing procedures. Joint MTPs are able to account for the dependencies between test statistics by effectively making use of (estimates of) the test statistics joint null distribution. To this end, two additional bootstrap-based estimates of the test statistics joint null distribution have been developed for use in the package. For asymptotically linear estimators involving single-parameter hypotheses (such as tests of means, regression parameters, and correlation parameters using t-statistics), a computationally efficient joint null distribution estimate based on influence curves is now also available. New MTPs implemented in multtest include marginal adaptive procedures for control of the false discovery rate (FDR) as well as empirical Bayes joint MTPs which can control any Type I error rate defined as a function of the numbers of false positives and true positives. Examples of such error rates include, among others, the family-wise error rate and the FDR. S4 methods are available for objects of the new class EBMTP, and particular attention has been given to reducing the need for repeated resampling between function calls.
Optimization of Gearshifting in Automatic Transmissions (2000)

Abstract A method for the optimization of gear shift operations in automatic transmissions is proposed in this paper. Based on a mechanical model of the power train the control parameters for the clutch pressure as well as those for the load-reduction are optimized in order to improve the performance of the automatic transmission with respect to passengers comfort and gear shift duration. Scalar criteria, which are capable of describing these effects are formulated. The nonlinear optimization problem is solved with a sequential quadratic programming algorithm. The results show a significant improvement in terms of the optimization criteria.
Modelling High Speed Machining with the SPH Method (2008)

The purpose of this work is to evaluate the use of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method within the framework of high speed cutting modelling. First, a 2D SPH based model is carried out using the LS-DYNA® software. SPH is a meshless method, thus large material distortions that occur in the cutting problem are easily managed and SPH contact control allows a “natural” workpiece/chip separation. The developed SPH model proves its ability to account for continuous and shear localized chip formation and also correctly estimates the cutting forces, as illustrated in some orthogonal cutting examples. Then, The SPH model is used in order to improve the general understanding of machining with worn tools. At last, a milling model allowing the calculation of the 3D cutting forces is presented. The interest of the suggested approach is to be freed from classically needed machining tests: Those are replaced by 2D numerical tests using the SPH model. The developed approach proved its ability to model the 3D cutting forces in ball end milling.
Hierarchical approaches to automatic differentiation (1996)

A mathematical function, specified by a computer program, can be differentiated efficiently through the exploitation of its program structure. The important properties of a program for an efficient derivative code are the asymmetries between the number of inputs and outputs of program components at various levels of abstraction and the mathematical complexity of the involved operators. Automatic generation of efficient derivative codes thus requires analysis of programs for detection of such properties and systematic methods for their exploitation in composing the derivative codes. We suggest a hierarchical approach based on a partitioning of the computational or program graph as a means to deduce workable solutions to this hard problem. Each partition corresponds to a localized scope for derivative computation, and hierarchical partitions provide a mechanism for exploiting program structure at various levels. As a particular example, we discuss dynamic programmingapproaches for findin...
Identification of cis- and trans-Tribromotriphenyltriphosphonitriles (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIdentification of cis- and trans-TribromotriphenyltriphosphonitrilesT. Moeller and P. NannelliCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1963, 2, 3, 659Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50007a069https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50007a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) -- Version 1 Message Processing Rules (1997)

This memo contains an algorithmic description of the rules used by an RSVP implementation for processing messages. It is intended to clarify the version 1 RSVP protocol specification.
HER-2/neu as a Target for Cancer Vaccines (2010)

A novel modality toward the treatment of HER-2/neu-positive malignancies, mostly including breast and, more recently prostate carcinomas, has been the use of vaccines targeting HER-2/neu extracellular and intracellular domains. HER-2/neu-specific vaccines have been demonstrated to generate durable T-cell anti-HER-2/neu immunity when tested in Phase I and II clinical trials with no significant toxicity or autoimmunity directed against normal tissues. Targeting of HER-2/neu in active immunotherapy may involve peptide and DNA vaccines. Moreover, active anti-HER-2/neu immunization could facilitate the ex vivo expansion of HER-2/neu-specific T cells for use in adoptive immunotherapy for the treatment of established metastatic disease. In addition, early data from trials examining the potential use of HER-2/neu-based vaccines in the adjuvant setting to prevent the relapse of breast cancer in high-risk patients have shown promising results. Future approaches include multiepitope preventive vaccines and combinatorial treatments for generating the most efficient protective anti-tumor immunity.
Acquired STAT4 deficiency as a consequence of cancer chemotherapy (2011)

Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 4 (STAT4) is a transcription factor that is activated by IL-12 signaling and promotes Th1-cell differentiation and IFN-γ production. Defective IFN-γ production because of STAT4 mRNA and protein deficiency occurs after autologous stem cell transplantation for lymphoma. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of STAT4 deficiency in lymphoma patients. The tumor-bearing state is not responsible, because STAT4 levels were not significantly different in PBMCs obtained from healthy control subjects compared with those from lymphoma patients before treatment. STAT4 protein levels were significantly decreased in PBMCs and T cells obtained from lymphoma patients after standard-dose chemotherapy. Furthermore, treatment of control PBMC cultures or a natural killer cell line with chemotherapy drugs in vitro also resulted in reduced STAT4 protein and diminished, IL-12-induced IFN-γ production. Translation of STAT4 protein was not impaired in chemotherapy-treated cells, whereas the STAT4 protein half-life was significantly reduced. Chemotherapy drugs promoted the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of STAT4. Treatment with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib reversed chemotherapy-induced STAT4 deficiency and defective IFN-γ production. We conclude that acquired STAT4 deficiency in lymphoma patients is a consequence of treatment with chemotherapy, results that have important implications for the design of optimal immunotherapy for lymphoma.
Characterizing Electric Field Exposed P3HT Thin Films Using Polarized‐Light Spectroscopies (2016)

P3HT (poly (3‐hexylthiophene)) has been widely used as a donor in the active layer in organic photovoltaic devices. Although moderately high‐power conversion efficiencies have been achieved with P3HT‐based devices, structural details, such as the orientation of polymer units and the extent of H‐ and J‐aggregation are not yet fully understood; and different measures have been taken to control the ordering in the material. One such measure, which has been exploited, is to apply an electric field from a Van de Graaff generator. Fluorescence (to measure anisotropy instead of polarization , which is more commonly measured) and Raman spectroscopy are used to characterize the order of P3HT molecules in thin films resulting from the field. Preferential orientations of the units in a thin film are determined, consistent with observed hole mobility in thin‐film transistors, and it is observed that the apparent H‐coupling strength changes when the films are exposed to oriented electrical fields during drying. image
Thirty Years of Personal Experience in Hyperglycemic Crises: Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (2008)

Areas of future research include prospective randomized studies to do the following: 1) establish the efficacy of bicarbonate therapy in DKA for a pH less than 6.9; 2) establish the need for a bolus insulin dose in the initial therapy of DKA; 3) determine the pathophysiological mechanisms for the absence of ketosis in HHS; 4) investigate the reasons for elevated proinflammatory cytokines and cardiovascular risk factors; and 5) evaluate the efficacy and cost benefit of using sc regular insulin vs. more expensive insulin analogs on the general ward for the treatment of DKA.
Minutiae + friction ridges = triplet-based features for determining sufficiency in fingerprints (2011)

In order to provide statistical and qualitative backing to latent fingerprint evidence, an algorithm is proposed to discover statistically rare features or patterns in fingerprint images. These features would help establish an objective minimum- quality baseline for latent prints as well as aid in the latent examination process in reaching a matching decision. The proposed algorithm uses minutia triplet-based features in a hierarchical fashion, where minutia points are used along with ridge information toestablish relations between minutiae. Preliminary results show that a set of distinctive features can be found that have sufficient discriminatory power to aid in quality assessment. An example set of 10 statistically rare features is presented, resulting from analysis of a set of 93 images. (6 pages)
The Woofer-Tweeter experiment (2006)

The Woofer-Tweeter experiment started in the Adaptive Optics Laboratory of the University of Victoria in February 2005 has recently achieved completion. The goal of this experiment is to validate the woofer-tweeter AO concept i.e. instead to have a single deformable mirror conjugated at the ground, two DMs conjugated at the ground are used to achieve both the necessary stroke and actuators density required for a single DM for an ELT. Recently, the loop has been closed on the turbulence with a loop rate of 100Hz. Two closed-loop controllers have been tested so far: a global integrator and a tweeter off-loading integrator. This paper describes the UVic Woofer-Tweeter bench layout and components and the Woofer-Tweeter simulation tool used to both model and control the experiment. A glimpse on the very first results from the closed-loop operations is also given.
<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$B_1$</tex> </formula> Homogenization in MRI by Multilayer Coupled Coils (2008)

Transmit B(1)(+) field homogenization in high-field ( > 3.0 T) human magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is challenging due to radio-frequency wavelength effects. An approach based on appropriately coupling surface coils to a volume coil was investigated. Electromagnetic simulation results demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of this method in proton MRI of the human head at 7.0 T.