gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Application of Singular Value Decomposition to Determine the Sources of Far Field Diesel Engine Noise (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The identification of the dominant noise sources in diesel engines and the assessment of their contribution to far-field noise is a process that can involve both fired and motored testing. In the present work, the cross-spectral densities of signals from cylinder pressure transducers, accelerometers mounted on the engine surface, and microphones (in the near and far fields), were used to identify dominant noise sources and estimate the transfer paths from the various “inputs” (i.e., the cylinder pressures, the accelerometers and the near field microphones) to the far field microphones. The method is based on singular value decomposition of the input cross-spectral matrix to relate the input measurements to independent virtual sources. The frequencies at which a particular input is strongly affected by an independent source are highlighted, and with knowledge of transducer locations, inferences can be drawn as to possible noise source mechanisms. It was found that results from an analysis of fired test data were similar to those from motored test data: thus it is possible to reduce or eliminate motored testing. Also, since the transfer paths between the near- and far-field measurements can be estimated, convolutions of the input time histories and the transfer path impulse response functions can be combined to yield accurate output predictions. Furthermore, the contribution from each input measurement reveals which noise sources contribute significantly to the far field. Conclusions can then be drawn regarding source locations and spectral characteristics.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Global Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing recordings of the February 2023 Turkey earthquake sequence. (2023)

As part of a global distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) campaign, multiple DAS interrogators (from academia and industry) recorded simultaneously from 1st till 28th February 2023 in different regions of the globe. The objective is to define if and how a global monitoring system based on DAS could perform for teleseismic event record and analysis. Each participant uploaded triggered data window from earthquakes with magnitude larger than 5, as defined by global seismological networks, to a central storage location. Data was pre-processed following common filtering parameters (spatial and temporal sampling). Bottle-necks in data format, storage, and legal issues are identified and reviewed to pose the basis for a common DAS data archive strategy. In this study, we present a selection of DAS records of the Turkey earthquake sequence, from borehole, surface, on-land, submarine telecommunication or dedicated cables all over the globe. They comprise a few kilometers long railroad track (Switzerland), an 0.8 km long deployed cable in the Limmat river, near Z&amp;#252;rich (Switzerland), a 1 km deployed cable at Mt. Zugspitze in the Alps (Germany/Austria), a 21 km telecom cable in the forest around Potsdam (Germany), a 17 km telecom cable surface geothermal field (north Iceland), a 0.2 km borehole at Etna volcano (Italy), a telecom cable in the city of Istanbul (Turkey), a 25 km telecom cable in Melbourne (Australia), in the inner city line in Graz (Austria), in the city of Seattle, WA (USA), a submarine cable in the North Sea, a submarine cable connecting Ny &amp;#197;lesund and Longyearbyen at Svalbard (Norway), a 0.8 km dedicated fibre in a quick clay area in Norway, amongst many others. We show that signals from the two destructive earthquakes in Turkey were recorded all over the globe. We discuss the signal quality and their potential use to study teleseism signals. We analyze recorded strain amplitudes according to the different array geometries and the differing sensitivities to wave types (body, surface waves, possibly others) and deployment conditions. When available, comparison with other sensors located in the same place is performed. Finally, we analyze the influence of local geological conditions due to the passing large amplitudes waves. With the increasing availability, reduced cost and improved simplicity of DAS systems and the wide spread existing fibre optic networks, we believe fibre-optic sensing will play an ever-increasing role in the global seismic monitoring.
P6069Age-dependent platelet changes and their putative role for stroke in a mouse model of aging (2018)

Introduction: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) 1 is activated in platelets upon thrombin or collagen stimulation, and as a consequence phosphorylates and inhibits its bona-fide substrate, the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). Purpose: Since ACC is crucial for the synthesis of fatty acids, which are essential for platelet structure, energy storage and signaling, we hypothesized that this enzyme plays a central regulatory role in platelet function. Methods: We used a double knock-in (DKI) mouse model in which the AMPK phosphorylation sites Ser79 on ACC1 and Ser212 on ACC2 were mutated to prevent AMPK-signaling to ACC. In vitro, platelet adhesion and thrombus formation were measured using a flow chamber-based assay. In vivo, thrombosis was studied upon ferric chloride-induced carotid artery injury. Results: As expected, thrombin or collagen stimulation led to a rapid increase in ACC phosphorylation in control platelets. However, baseline and thrombin-or collagen induced ACC phosphorylation remained undetectable in DKI platelets. Suppression of ACC phosphorylation promoted injury-induced arterial thrombosis in vivo and enhanced thrombus growth ex vivo on collagen-coated surfaces under flow. After collagen stimulation, loss of AMPK-ACC signaling was associated with amplified thromboxane generation and dense granule secretion. Interestingly, lipidomic analysis revealed that ACC DKI platelets had increased arachidonic acid-containing phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen lipids, which are major contributors of arachidonic acid and thromboxane generation following platelet stimulation. Conclusion: AMPK-ACC signaling is coupled to the control of thrombosis by specifically modulating thromboxane and dense granule release in response to collagen. It appears to achieve this by increasing platelet phospholipid content required for the generation of arachidonic acid, a key mediator of platelet activation. ACC phosphorylation is therefore a counterregulatory mechanism limiting thrombus formation.
Observation and digital control of weld pool in pulsed MIG welding. (1987)

It is important as a basis of research in automatic arc welding to control the weld pool shape against the disturbance and the variation of system parameters. For this purpose it is useful to control the weld pool width. A basic visual robot is proposed for observing and controlling the weld pool shape by using the pulsed current.It has been difficult to observe the weld pool with a TV camera, since the arc light is too strong to watch the molten metal under the arc. The authors tried to make periodically the current low enough to watch clearly the weld pool with CCD (Charge coupled device) camera without after image.The weld pool is recognized by taking advantage of the feature on the brightness of the weld pool and its outskirts. A personal computer calculates the weld pool width and area in real time. The authors study the transient response of the weld pool width and area.The welding current is determined to get a desired response of the weld pool. It is shown how to determine the digital controller characteristic. Small variations of system parameter during operation caused by the change in the base metal thickness, heat conductivity, temperature rise are allowed while the prescribed control performance is maintained.Experiments demonstrate the good controllability of the adjustable weld pool formation with the digital controller.
C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat length in older population: normal variation and effects on cognition (2019)

The hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9orf72 is a common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia and also rarely found in other psychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions. Alleles with >30 repeats are often considered an expansion, but the pathogenic repeat length threshold is still unclear. It is also unclear whether intermediate repeat length alleles (often defined either as 7-30 or 20-30 repeats) have clinically significant effects. We determined the C9orf72 repeat length distribution in 3142 older Finns (aged 60-104 years). The longest nonexpanded allele was 45 repeats. We found 7-45 repeats in 1036/3142 (33%) individuals, 20-45 repeats in 56/3142 (1.8%), 30-45 repeats in 12/3142 (0.38%), and expansion (>45 repeats) in 6/3142 (0.19%). There was no apparent clustering of neurodegenerative or psychiatric diseases in individuals with 30-45 repeats indicating that 30-45 repeats are not pathogenic. None of the 6 expansion carriers had a diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia but 4 had a diagnosis of a neurodegenerative or psychiatric disease. Intermediate length alleles (categorized as 7-45 and 20-45 repeats) did not associate with Alzheimer's disease or cognitive impairment.
Hybrid Self-Tracker: An Inertial/Optical Hybrid Three-Dimensional Tracking System (1998)

This proposal describes a new approach to tracking the three-dimensional position and orientation of a moving person or object in a dynamic environment. The approach involves using a technique similar to that historically employed in spacecraft navigation whereby sun and star trackers are used to optically aid the spacecraft’s inertial navigation system (INS). Similarly the idea of the hybrid SelfTracker is to track the (earthly) position and orientation of a person or object by employing an INS as the primary means of tracking, and then supplementing that with an outward-looking computer vision system (CVS) that when aided by the INS can lock on to still targets in a not necessarily static environment. The novel aspect of this approach is that the complementary behavior of each system is leveraged to obtain more accurate and stable tracking information than either system alone. With an INS, bias and drift errors become noticeable during periods of slow movement. However, during such periods these errors could be controlled by a CVS which exhibits its best behavior under such conditions. Conversely a CVS typically performs worst during rapid movement, precisely the conditions where the INS signal-to-noise ratio is high. In addition, while a typical CVS is affected by unrelated motion in an environment, an INS is not and can provide assistance with static feature discrimination. Kalman filter theory can be employed in weighting each subsystem most heavily in the circumstances where it performs best, thus providing more accurate and stable estimates than either system alone. Advantages of this new approach include: high-rate and low-latency position and orientation information across a wide range of motion; operation in a dynamic environment; self-contained passive operation. Welch: Hybrid Self-Tracker 1 UNC-Chapel Hill , TR 95-048
The Design of New Enzyme Active Sites for the Catalysis of Specific Chemical Reactions (1985)

Using appropriately designed coenzyme analogues, new active sites can be introduced into naturally occurring enzymes by the chemical modification of specific residues. Catalytic activities very different from those of the corresponding native enzymes can be observed in the resulting semisynthetic enzymes. Covalent modification of the SH group of the active site residue Cys-25 of papain with flavins like 8-bromoacetyl-10-methylisoalloxazine converts the enzyme into a highly effective oxidoreductase. Thus, the catalytic versatility of existing enzymes can be enhanced through 'chemical mutation' of the active site.
Determining participation eligibility for amusement attractions (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Amusement attraction participation eligibility requirements may be expressed in terms of age, height, weight, health condition, (dis)ability, and combinations of these, and potentially other criteria. Restrictive eligibility criteria can protect manufacturer and operator from liability for injury, since no guest could sustain injury without exposure to the ride. However, new forms of liability have emerged, through litigation under general human rights codes or specific regulations of the Americans with Disabilities Act. This paper describes and compares two approaches to more specifically determining participation eligibility for guests with disabilities and health conditions: the medical approach and the human factors engineering approach. Although many conditions are manifest in a range of severities, the medical approach will either impose the most restrictive eligibility on all guests with the same disability type, or require park personnel to make diagnostic determinations outside their expertise, and requires compilation of data about every disability and condition. The human factors engineering approach identifies functions to be performed by the guest to fulfill the ride experience. Clear description of functions and risks will enable guests to determine whether they are able to safely ride, in consultation with their own advisors. The approach to determining eligibility affects not only whether a particular guest can ride, but also operational practices that affect guests’ relationship with the park&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figure S7 from E2A Modulates Stemness, Metastasis, and Therapeutic Resistance of Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S7 and legend&lt;/p&gt;
Seasonality of Fin Whale Calls Detected from the Deep Sea Floor Observatory off Kushiro–Tokachi (2017)

Automatic acoustic detection is a useful method for monitoring phonating marine animals. Fin whale calls consist of frequency down-sweeps at around 20 Hz with a duration of approximately 1 s. These low frequency acoustic data were recorded with four hydrophones located on the ocean floor off Kushiro and Tokachi, Hokkaido, Japan. The fin whale calls were automatically detected by calculating the ratio of signal energy to background noise and the duration of the calls. With respect to manually detected calls, correct detection and false alarms using the proposed method were 69.5% and 4.4%, respectively. A total of 2,865,403 calls were detected from data collected during 2,981 days from January 2007 to February 2015. The number of detected calls showed clear seasonal differences, high in October to February period.
Gesundheitsrisiko Mobilfunkstrahlung? Was ändert sich mit 5G? (2021)

Zusammenfassung Die Exposition der Bevölkerung durch hochfrequente elektromagnetische Felder (HF-EMF) wird durch die körpernahe Nutzung von drahtlosen Kommunikationsgeräten dominiert. Die Exposition durch körperferne Sendeanlagen liegt im Durchschnitt mehrere Größenordnungen unterhalb der internationalen Richtwerte. Mit der zunehmenden mobilen Datennutzung und der damit verbundenen Nutzung von höheren Frequenzen für 5G ist mit einer Verdichtung des Mobilfunknetzes zu rechnen. Damit steigt aber nicht notgedrungen die HF-EMF-Gesamtexposition der Bevölkerung, da Mobiltelefone bei besserer Signalqualität weniger stark emittieren. 5G ist eine technologische Weiterentwicklung der bisherigen Mobilfunktechnologie mit gleichen biophysikalischen Eigenschaften. Bisher konnten keine gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen unterhalb der Richtwerte konsistent nachgewiesen werden. Beobachtete biologische Effekte wie beispielsweise auf die elektrische Aktivität des Gehirns oder auf das oxidative Gleichgewicht bei hoher lokaler Exposition im Bereich der Expositionsrichtwerte stellen nach heutigem Kenntnisstand kein Gesundheitsrisiko dar.
Fortran 77 computer program for test procedure calculations of vented heated (1984)

The Fortran 77 computer program described in this report is to he used to calculate results from tests run on vented heaters. The Department of Energy recently published a revised test procedure for such heaters but which contains a simplified method for testing with a number of testing options that allow more detailed tests to be run.
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Nintedanib in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Advanced Cancer (2016)

Abstract Nintedanib, a triple angiokinase inhibitor, has undergone clinical investigation for the treatment of solid tumors and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Nintedanib (Vargatef ® ) plus docetaxel is approved in the EU for the treatment of patients with adenocarcinoma non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after first‐line chemotherapy, and as monotherapy (Ofev ® ) in the United States and EU for the treatment of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Pharmacokinetics (PK) of nintedanib after oral single and multiple doses and intravenous (IV) administration were assessed using 3 data sets: (1) an absolute bioavailability trial that enrolled 30 healthy volunteers; (2) a pooled data analysis of 4 studies that enrolled a total of 107 healthy volunteers; and (3) a pooled data analysis of 4 studies that enrolled a total of 149 patients with advanced cancer. In the absolute bioavailability trial of healthy volunteers, nintedanib showed a high total clearance (geometric mean 1390 mL/min) and a high volume of distribution at steady state (V ss = 1050 L). Urinary excretion of IV nintedanib was about 1% of dose; renal clearance was about 20 mL/min and therefore negligible. There was no deviation from dose proportionality after IV administration in the dose range tested. Absolute bioavailability of oral nintedanib (100 mg capsule) relative to IV dosing (4‐hour infusion, 6 mg) was slightly below 5%. Nintedanib was quickly absorbed after oral administration. It underwent rapid and extensive first‐pass metabolism and followed at least biphasic disposition kinetics. In advanced cancer patients, steady state was reached at the latest at 7 days for twice‐daily dosing. Nintedanib's PK was time‐independent; accumulation after repeated administration was negligible.
Diamond layers for active electronic devices (2002)

This paper reviews our recent achievements in homoepitaxial CVD diamond layers for electronic devices. We have successfully synthesized high quality homoepitaxial diamond layers with atomically flat surface by the microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using a low CH4 concentration of CH4/H2 gas system less than 0.15% CH4/H2 ratio and Ib (001) substrates with low-misorientation angle less than 1.5°. These layers have atomically flat and have excellent electrical and optical properties. For example, highquality Schottky junctions between Al and p-type high-conductivity layer near the surface of these layers have been obtained. Based on this growth method, we have also successfully synthesized B-doped diamond layers using trimethylboron [B(CH3)3,TMB] gas as a B doping source, whose Hall mobility is 1840 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs at 290 K. Schottky junctions fabricated by the B-doped diamond also show excellent performances, indicating that the quality of these diamond layers is device grade.
Design Principle and Application of Common DC Bus SPDMR (2009)

Main circuit and control circuit of common DC bus SPDMR were introduced.The method of thyristor rectifier how to improve power factor was analyzed,and also analyzed control principle using voltage forward feedback and current forward feedback how to improve response.Common DC bus SPDMR has very good work efficiency during application,and the performance is satisfied.
Broadcast system source codes: a new paradigm for data compression (2003)

Broadcast systems play a central role in an enormous variety of network technologies in which one system node must simultaneously send either the same or different information to multiple nodes in the network. Systems incorporating broadcast components include such diverse technologies as wireless communications systems, web servers, distributed computing devices, and video conferencing systems. Currently, the compression algorithms (or source codes) employed in these devices fail to take advantage of the characteristics specific to broadcast systems. Instead, they treat a single node transmitting information to a collection of receivers as a collection of single-transmitter single-receiver communications problems and employ an independent source code on each. This approach is convenient, since it allows direct application of traditional compression techniques in a wide variety of broadcast system applications. Nonetheless, we here argue that the approach is inherently flawed. Our innovation in this paper is to treat the general broadcast system (with an arbitrary number of receivers and both specific and common information) as an inseparable whole and consider the resulting source coding ramifications. The result is a new paradigm for data compression on general broadcast systems. In this work, we describe this broadcast system source coding paradigm and examine the potential gains achievable by moving away from more conventional methods.
Fault-Tolerant Actuating Pressure Controller Design for an Electrohydrostatic Actuator Experiencing a Leaky Piston Seal (2016)

Electrohydrostatic actuators (EHAs), as a class of pump-controlled hydraulic actuators, are known for energy efficiency and easy maintainability. Thus, they can be widely used in the situations where actuating pressure/force control of hydraulic actuators is essential. Examples are automotive active suspension, deep-drawing press, molding machine, and vibration isolation. However, a leaky piston seal in an EHA system can be especially problematic as it is not visually detectable, but causes internal leakage flowing across actuator chambers impairing the performance. This paper employs quantitative feedback theory (QFT) to design a robust fixed-gain linear actuating pressure controller that is tolerant to actuator internal leakage. Since QFT captures uncertainties by templates, representing frequency responses of the plant on Nichols chart, the first step, to design a QFT controller, is to establish plant templates. In doing so, a set of offline parametric system identifications are implemented, and the family of identified models, providing frequency responses, are used to design the QFT fault-tolerant controller. The controller also satisfies the prescribed design tolerances on tracking, stability and sensitivity (disturbance rejection at plant output) under different conditions, including various levels of actuator internal leakage, environmental stiffnesses, and load masses. The ability of the controller to maintain actuating pressure within the acceptable response envelope is demonstrated in experiments. The experimental results show that the system specifications are satisfied despite internal leakage up to 12 L/min.
Annealing Induced Oxygen Defects on Green Sonochemically Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting (2018)

Abstract Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared by a green process using a simple sonochemical method. The prepared nanoparticles were annealed at different annealing temperatures in order to determine the role of the annealing temperature on the structural, morphological and optical properties of the prepared material. The defects related photoluminescence properties of the ZnO nanoparticles are discussed in detail. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy provided the information regarding the presence of the defects in the material. ZnO emission related to defect emission was observed to increase with annealing temperature upto 600°C and then decreased. These defects played a crucial role in the performance of the photo‐electrochemical (PEC) activity. The PEC performance has increased with an increase in the amount of oxygen related defects present in the material due to annealing.