gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The PER (Preoperative Esophagectomy Risk) Score (2016)

Esophageal resection in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) is still associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. We aimed to develop a simple preoperative risk score for the prediction of short-term and long-term outcomes for patients with EC treated by esophageal resection. In total, 498 patients suffering from esophageal carcinoma, who underwent esophageal resection, were included in this retrospective cohort study. Three preoperative esophagectomy risk (PER) groups were defined based on preoperative functional evaluation of different organ systems by validated tools (revised cardiac risk index, model for end-stage liver disease score, and pulmonary function test). Clinicopathological parameters, morbidity, and mortality as well as disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were correlated to the PER score. The PER score significantly predicted the short-term outcome of patients with EC who underwent esophageal resection. PER 2 and PER 3 patients had at least double the risk of morbidity and mortality compared to PER 1 patients. Furthermore, a higher PER score was associated with shorter DFS (P < 0.001) and OS (P < 0.001). The PER score was identified as an independent predictor of tumor recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] 2.1; P < 0.001) and OS (HR 2.2; P < 0.001). The PER score allows preoperative objective allocation of patients with EC into different risk categories for morbidity, mortality, and long-term outcomes. Thus, multicenter studies are needed for independent validation of the PER score.
Controlling Molecular Assembly in Two Dimensions: The Concentration Dependence of Thermally Induced 2D Aggregation of Molecules on a Metal Surface (2005)

Dilution principle in two dimensions: One building block yields three forms of aggregation on variation of the surface concentration of the molecular precursor (see picture; ML=monolayer coverage). Upon annealing at 300 °C, highly robust 2D aggregates are obtained on metal surfaces which lend themselves to the construction of hierarchic systems of higher complexity. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z502316_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
How to Succeed in Academics, 2nd edition (2010)

This new edition of How to Succeed in Academics provides up-to-date mentoring on all aspects of a successful academic career, particularly a career in the sciences. Linda L. McCabe and Edward R. B. McCabe bring decades of expertise and experience to such topics as marketing your ideas through posters, talks, manuscripts, and grant proposals; developing strategies for applying, interviewing, and negotiating for training programs and jobs; establishing professional networks and seeking leadership opportunities; improving your teaching, speaking, and writing skills; and setting goals and creating schedules to achieve them.
Bioluminescent murine models of bacterial sepsis and scald wound infections for antimicrobial efficacy testing (2018)

There are very few articles in the literature describing continuous models of bacterial infections that mimic disease pathogenesis in humans and animals without using separate cohorts of animals at each stage of disease. In this work, we developed bioluminescent mouse models of partial-thickness scald wound infection and sepsis that mimic disease pathogenesis in humans and animals using a recombinant luciferase-expressing Staphylococcus aureus strain (Xen29). Two days post-scald wound infection, mice were treated twice daily with a 2% topical mupirocin ointment for 7 days. For sepsis experiments, mice were treated intraperitoneally with 6 mg/kg daptomycin 2 h and 6 h post-infection and time to moribund monitored for 72 h. Consistent bacterial burden data were obtained from individual mice by regular photon intensity quantification on a Xenogen IVIS Lumina XRMS Series III biophotonic imaging system, with concomitant significant reduction in photon intensities in drug-treated mice. Post-mortem histopathological examination of wounds and bacterial counts in blood correlated closely with disease severity and total flux obtained from Xen29. The bioluminescent murine models provide a refinement to existing techniques of multiple bacterial enumeration during disease pathogenesis and promote animal usage reduction. The models also provide an efficient and information-rich platform for preclinical efficacy evaluation of new drug classes for treating acute and chronic human and animal bacterial infections.
Enjoying the Quiet Life under Deregulation? Evidence from Adjusted Lerner Indices for U.S. Banks (2010)

The quiet life hypothesis posits that firms with market power incur inefficiencies rather than reap monopolistic rents. We propose a simple adjustment to Lerner indices to account for the possibility of forgone rents to test this hypothesis. For a large sample of U.S. commercial banks, we find that adjusted Lerner indices are significantly larger than conventional Lerner indices and trending upward over time. Instrumental variable regressions reject the quiet life hypothesis for cost inefficiencies. However, Lerner indices adjusted for profit inefficiencies reveal a quiet life among U.S. banks.
Rethinking TCP Throughput and Latency Modeling (2017)

TCP throughput and latency models are useful tools to characterize the TCP performance. The canonical throughput model [2], while useful, has some limitations since it does not consider how packet loss rate changes over time. This approach leads to poor predictions for short flows. We present a new modeling approach that characterizes the throughput and latency models by: (i) discovering the relationship between the packet loss rate and the congestion window size, and (ii) incorporating the starting congestion window and the number of parallel connections. Experimental results show that our models significantly improve modeling accuracy.
Stellate ganglion block for treatment of cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage - A preliminary study (2011)

This study suggests stellate ganglion block to be an effective modality of treatment for refractory cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
A CMOS stereo 16-bit D/A converter for digital audio (1987)

A complete monolithic stereo 16-bit D/A converter primarily intended for use in compact-disc players and digital audio tape recorders is described. The D/A converter achieves 16-bit resolution by using a code-conversion technique based upon oversampling and noise shaping. The band-limiting filters required for waveform smoothing and out-of-band noise reduction are included. Owing to the oversampling principle most applications will require only a few components for an analog postfilter. The converter has a linear characteristic and linear phase response. The chip is processed in a 2-/spl mu/m CMOS process and the die size is 44 mm/SUP 2/. Only a single 5-V supply is needed.
Recruitment of CCR6-Expressing Th17 Cells by CCL 20 Secreted from IL-1β-, TNF-α-, and IL-17A-Stimulated Endometriotic Stromal Cells (2010)

In a novel paradigm of T cell differentiation, type 17 T helper (Th17) cells may play a significant role in endometriosis, a chronic inflammatory disease. However, the mechanism regulating the accumulation of Th17 cells in endometriotic tissues remains unknown. We hypothesized that Th17 cells migrate to endometriotic tissues through an interaction of the chemokine CC chemokine ligand (CCL)20 and its receptor CCR6. Using endometriotic tissues from women with endometriosis, we demonstrated, by flow cytometry, that Th17 cells in endometriotic tissues express CC chemokine receptor (CCR)6. Immunohistochemistry also revealed that CCL20 was expressed in the epithelial cells and stromal cells beneath the epithelium of endometriotic tissues. CCR6+ cells were small and round and scattered in the stroma in which abundant CCL20+ cells were detected. CCL20 caused selective migration of Th17 cells in the peripheral blood in a migration assay. IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-17A increased the secretion of CCL20 in cultured endometriotic stromal cells. Inhibitors of p38- and p42/44-MAPKs, and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun kinase suppressed the secretion of CCL20 increased by IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-17A. This suggests that the CCL20/CCR6 system is involved in the migration of Th17 cells to endometriotic tissues and that proinflammatory cytokines contribute to the development of endometriosis via up-regulation of CCL20 secretion from endometriotic stromal cells.
18F-FDG PET/CT for Monitoring Treatment Responses to the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor Erlotinib (2011)

These data suggest that (18)F-FDG PET/CT performed early after the start of erlotinib treatment can help to identify patients who benefit from this targeted therapy.
Raffinose-induced mutanase production fromTrichoderma harzianum (1993)

The enzyme alpha(1-->3),3-glucanohydrolase (referred to as mutanase) from the filamentous fungus Trichoderma harzianum OMZ 779 is capable of degrading the water-insoluble glucan in dental plaque. Previously, it was necessary to produce the glucan (referred to as mutan) in vitro for use as the sole carbon source and inducer of mutanase synthesis in fungal cultures. We report here that raffinose also induces the production of mutanase. The metabolism of raffinose differed from that of other sugars in metabolic end products and secreted protein profile. In addition to mutanase, we observed an approximately 15,000 M(r) protein that was also regulated by carbon source and by illumination conditions.
Metalloproteolytic Release of Endothelial Cell Protein C Receptor (2000)

Previous studies observed that there is about 100 ng/ml soluble endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) in human plasma and that the levels increase in inflammatory diseases. In this study we examine the potential mechanisms involved in release of EPCR from cells. We find that EPCR is released from the surface of endothelium and transfected 293 cells by a metalloprotease in a constitutive fashion. The mass of soluble EPCR is 4 kDa less than intact EPCR. Release is blocked by either the hydroxamic acid based inhibitor, KD-IX-73-4 or by 1,10-phenanthroline, but not by matrix metalloprotease inhibitors. Release is stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, thrombin, interleukin-1beta, and hydrogen peroxide. Stimulation with these agents reduces EPCR expression levels sufficiently to decrease the rate of protein C activation to a limited extent. The influence of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate on both EPCR release and inhibition of protein C activation are enhanced by microtubule disruption with nocodazole. EPCR release is augmented by transfection of EPCR expressing 293 cells with caveolin, suggesting that release is caveolae dependent. These studies indicate that metalloproteolytic release of EPCR is a highly regulated process that is sensitive to both coagulation factors and inflammatory mediators.
General-purpose passive imaging with dead-time-limited single-photon sensors (Conference Presentation) (2020)

Single-photon sensor technology is rapidly emerging as the optical sensor technology of choice in specialized low flux imaging applications such as long-range LiDAR, fluorescence microscopy and non-line-of-sight imaging. We ask the question: Can single-photon sensors be used more broadly as general-purpose image sensors for passive 2D intensity imaging? We derive a photon flux estimator using the number of photons detected in a fixed exposure time by a dead-time-limited single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) sensor. Unlike a conventional image sensor pixel that has a hard saturation limit due to its full well capacity, our SPAD-based passive imaging method has a non-linear response that never saturates. This enables SPADs to operate not only at extremely low photon flux levels but also at extremely high flux levels, several orders of magnitude higher than the saturation limit of conventional image sensors. We present a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the effect of various design parameters on the signal-to-noise-ratio and dynamic range of a passively operated SPAD pixel, and also demonstrate the dynamic range improvement experimentally.
Core-level satellites and outer core-level multiplet splitting in Mn model compounds (2000)

We report a systematic study of the Mn 2p, 3s, and 3p core-level photoemission and satellite structures for Mn model compounds. Charge transfer from the ligand state to the 3d metal state is observed and is distinguished by prominent shake-up satellites. We also observe that the Mn 3s multiplet splitting becomes smaller as the Mn oxidation state increases, and that 3s–3d electron correlation reduces the branching ratio of the S:7S5 states in the Mn 3s spectra. In addition, as the ligand electronegativity decreases, the spin-state purity is lost in the 3s spectra, as evidenced by peak broadening. Our results are best understood in terms of the configuration–interaction model including intrashell electron correlation, charge transfer, and final-state screening.
Chronic Laryngitis Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux: Prospective Assessment of Differences in Practice Patterns Between Gastroenterologists and ENT Physicians (2006)

(1) Globus and throat clearing were considered the most useful symptoms in diagnosing GERD-related laryngitis, while laryngeal erythema and edema were considered the most useful signs for diagnosis and treatment of this condition by ENT physicians. However, these symptoms and signs may represent the least specific markers for reflux. (2) Many gastroenterologists perform pre-therapy testing which has low sensitivity in GERD-related laryngitis. (3) There is a dichotomy in treatment dose, duration, and perceived patient response to therapy between the two specialists. (4) Our study highlights a need for cross communication and education between these two disciplines in understanding and treating GERD-related laryngitis better.
Automorphisms of Dowling Lattices and Related Geometries (1995)

Dowling lattices are a class of geometric lattices, based on groups, which have been shown to share many properties with projective geometries. In this paper we show that the automorphisms of Dowling lattices are analogs of the automorphisms of projective geometries. We also treat similar results for several related geometric lattices.
Targeting local tissues by transdermal application: Understanding drug physicochemical properties that best exploit protein binding and blood flow effects (1999)

The targeting of topically applied drug molecules into tissues below a site of application requires an understanding of the complex interrelationships between the drug, its formulation, the barrier properties of the skin, and the physiological processes occurring below the skin that are responsible for drug clearance from the site, tissue, and/or systemic distribution and eventual elimination. There is still a certain amount of controversy over the ability of topically applied drugs to penetrate into deeper tissues by diffusion or whether this occurs by redistribution in the systemic circulation. The major focus of our work in this area has been in determining how changes in drug structure and physicochemical properties, such as protein binding and lipophilicity, affect drug clearance into the local dermal microcirculation and lymphatics, as well as subsequent distribution into deeper tissues below an application site. The present study outlines our recent thinking on the drug molecule optimal physical attributes, in terms of plasma and tissue partitioning behaviour, that offer the greatest potential for deep tissue targeting. Drug Dev. Res. 46:309–315, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
An Investigation Towards 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions of Thio-b-lactams/Thioethanoates with Aliphatic/Aromatic Nucleophiles (2017)

Asian Journal of Organic & Medicinal Chemistry includes communications, full papers (articles), short papers, green chemistry, reviews, and perspectives. Specifically, these include synthesis, synthetic methods and regents, mechanism of reactions, biologically active compounds with their possible mechanism of action, natural products, in vitro and in vivo tests of compounds, computational chemistry, physical-analytical-inorganic chemistry, nanotechnology, drug carriers, proteomics and genomics. Rapid synthesis of new compounds following eco-friendly methods and their functions as medicinally active agents is certainly the central part of chemical and medicinal research in modern times. On the basis of this fact, significant emphasis is placed to rapid publication and disseminates original discoveries in this new journal.
Combined diffusion‐relaxometry MRI to identify dysfunction in the human placenta (2019)

Combined <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:math> -diffusivity MRI is promising for assessing fetal and maternal health during pregnancy. The <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:math> -ADC spectrum potentially provides additional information on tissue microstructure, compared to measuring these two contrasts separately. The presented method is immediately applicable to the study of other organs.
Active Control of Dye Release for Neuronal Tracing Using PEDOT-PSS Coated Electrodes (2016)

Penetrating neural probes comprising arrays of microelectrodes are commonly used to monitor local field potentials and multi-unit activity in animal brain over time frames of weeks. To correlate these recorded signals to specific tissue areas, histological analysis is performed after the experimental endpoint. Even if the lesion of the penetrating probe shaft can be observed, a precise reconstruction of the exact electrode positions is still challenging. To overcome these experimental difficulties, we developed a new concept, whereupon recording electrodes are coated with a poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene/ polystyrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS)-based film. The conducting polymer acts as dye reservoir over several weeks and afterwards provides controlled delivery of neurotracers. This paper presents a recording electrode based on a PEDOT/PSS bilayer optimized for dye delivery and with reduced impedance. Controlled exchange of neurotracer dye is successfully demonstrated in vitro using spectrofluorometry and in neuroblastoma cell cultures. A second PEDOT/PSS capping layer on top of the dye reservoir lowers the passive leakage of dye by a factor of 6.4 and prevents a direct contact of the dye filled layer with the cells. Stability tests over four weeks demonstrate the electrochemical stability of the PEDOT coating, as well as retained functionality of the dye delivery system.
AI Is Not a Wildcard: Challenges for Integrating AI into the Design Curriculum (2023)

AI technologies are becoming increasingly important for the design of human-computer interactions and user experiences. Through their specialized knowledge and creative problem-solving skills, designers are well-positioned to drive stakeholder-centered adaption of artificial intelligence (AI) technology. However, these possibilities also pose new challenges for designers and design education. Even though AI has increasingly been entering design education, the structural implementation of AI technologies in the design curriculum remains an unsolved challenge. In this paper, we discuss and reflect on our experiences over several years of AI education at design schools. We outline the knowledge and technical intuition on AI we believe students must engage meaningfully with regarding AI technology and present our observations on developing and applying these intuitions in different teaching formats. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges that might hinder the structural integration of AI into the design curriculum.
Unified Approach to Ion Transport and Structural Relaxation in Amorphous Polymers and Glasses (2008)

Kinetic data for structural relaxation in silver iodomolybdates at the glass transition temperature (Tg) are obtained by high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry (HP-DSC) and are compared with activation energies (EA) and volumes (VA) obtained earlier from conductivities below Tg. The results are fitted to an empirical equation, EA = MVA, and displayed in the form of a master plot of EA versus VA, an approach previously applied to strongly coupled systems, including polymer electrolytes and molten salts above their glass transition temperatures. The parameter M emerges as a localized modulus, expressive of interatomic forces within the medium, linking together EA,sigma, VA,sigma and EA,s, VA,s, the "apparent" activation parameters for ionic conductivity and structural relaxation, respectively. The VA and EA values for ion transport are much smaller than the corresponding values for structural relaxation. However, remarkably close agreement emerges between the "process parameters", Ms and Msigma, both close to 8 GPa, thus establishing a quantitative link between ion transport and structural relaxation in this highly decoupled system. A new EA versus VA master plot is constructed, which points the way to a unified approach to ion transport in polymers and glasses.
HIRF virtual testing on C-295 aircraft validated with FSV method (2014)

This work was supported by the funding from the European Com-
munity Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013, under Grant 205294
(HIRF SE project), from the Spanish National Projects TEC2010-20841-C04-
04, CSD2008-00068, from the Junta de Andalucia Project P09-TIC-5327, and
from the Granada Excellence Network of Innovation Laboratories (GENIL)
project
The MLH1 c.1852_1853delinsGC (p.K618A) Variant in Colorectal Cancer: Genetic Association Study in 18,723 Individuals (2014)

Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent neoplasms and an important cause of mortality in the developed world. Mendelian syndromes account for about 5% of the total burden of CRC, being Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis the most common forms. Lynch syndrome tumors develop mainly as a consequence of defective DNA mismatch repair associated with germline mutations in MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2. A significant proportion of variants identified by screening these genes correspond to missense or noncoding changes without a clear pathogenic consequence, and they are designated as "variants of uncertain significance", being the c.1852_1853delinsGC (p.K618A) variant in the MLH1 gene a clear example. The implication of this variant as a low-penetrance risk variant for CRC was assessed in the present study by performing a case-control study within a large cohort from the COGENT consortium-COST Action BM1206 including 18,723 individuals (8,055 colorectal cancer cases and 10,668 controls) and a case-only genotype-phenotype correlation with several clinical and pathological characteristics restricted to the Epicolon cohort. Our results showed no involvement of this variant as a low-penetrance variant for colorectal cancer genetic susceptibility and no association with any clinical and pathological characteristics including family history for this neoplasm or Lynch syndrome.