gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exact power loss estimation method for high voltage power converters with 5kV SiC-PiN diode (2008)

To estimate power loss of high voltage NPC 3-level power converters, equivalent circuits for the switching loss estimation has been proposed. Based on the equivalent circuits, power losses of a high voltage Si-IEGT and SiC-PiN diode hybrid device combination in NPC 3-level inverter are estimated. An power loss model for the Si-IEGT and PiN diode is utilized for the switching loss calculations, and the parameters of the Si-IEGT and PiN diode are extracted empirically. In addition, the possibility of high switching frequency operation with the Si-IEGT and SiC-PiN is shown.
Progress on a Fixed Tuned Waveguide Receiver Using a Series-Parallel Array of SIS Junctions (1993)

We are developing a 200 - 300 GHz receiver that incorporates multiple SIS junctions&#13;\nin a "series-parallel" configuration to achieve broadband impedance matching. At RF&#13;\nfrequencies the junctions appear in series through capacitors, and at DC and IF frequencies&#13;\nthey appear in parallel through inductors, so that the junctions are impedance matched to&#13;\nboth the waveguide and the IF amplifier. Using a single fixed backshort and a full height&#13;\nwaveguide, the receiver is designed to have a bandwidth of 100 GHz in the 230 GHz band.&#13;\nA similar design has been tested at frequencies around 100 GHz with excellent results by&#13;\nShitov et al. (1991) and Vystavkin et al. (1993). Although our initial receiver is designed&#13;\noperate in the 200 - 300 GHz band, the design may be readily scaled to higher frequencies.&#13;\nIn this paper we discuss computer and scale modeling of the device, fabrication, and&#13;\npreliminary test results.
Development of a Testbed for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (2010)

Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs) constitute one of the promising application areas of the recently developed wireless sensor networking techniques. WUSN is a specialized kind of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that mainly focuses on the use of sensors that communicate through soil. Recent models for the wireless underground communication channel are proposed but few field experiments were realized to verify the accuracy of the models. The realization of field WUSN experiments proved to be extremely complex and time-consuming in comparison with the traditional wireless environment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that proposes guidelines for the development of an outdoor WUSN testbed with the goals of improving the accuracy and reducing of time for WUSN experiments. Although the work mainly aims WUSNs, many of the presented practices can also be applied to generic WSN testbeds.
Interaction of UV/VIS Radiation with Matter (2002)

This chapter contains sections titled: Photoscience in Research and Development Physical Constants and Standard Values Used in Photochemistry The Electromagnetic Wave The Photon Stream and Planck's Equation Electromagnetic Spectral Ranges of Interest in Photochemistry Conversion of Energy Units and Other Useful Conversions Photon Energies, Bond Dissociation Energies, Threshold Wavelengths and Absorption Onset of Molecules Absorption of UV Radiation by Molecules The Beer–Lambert Relationship The Nature of Electronically Excited States The Jablonski Diagram Absorption of UV/VIS Radiation by Solids UV/VIS Radiation as a Specific Reagent: Quantum Yield, Quantum Efficiency Actinometry and Photoreaction Kinetics Terms Associated with the Emission and Receipt of Electromagnetic Radiation Safety Precautions for Radiant Sources
Magnesium chloride supported catalysts for olefin polymerization. XIX. Titanium oxidation states, catalyst deactivation, and active site structure (1989)

Abstract A precise method for the determinations of Ti +2 , Ti +3 and Ti +4 was developed. The CW‐procatalyst before activation contains mostly Ti +4 ions with 6% Ti +3 and 4% Ti +2 ions. Activation with AlEt 3 alone at room temperature reduced all the titaniums to lower valence states consisting of 71% Ti +3 and 29% Ti +2 . Reduction is incomplete when methyl‐ p ‐toluate was present as external Lewis base during activation: at 25°C the distribution of Ti +4 : Ti +3 : Ti +2 is 36% : 25% : 38%; the distribution at 50°C is 37% : 22% : 40%. Aging of the activated catalyst caused little or no changes in the distribution of [Ti + n ]; whereas the catalytic activity decays rapidly with aging. The aged catalysts have polymerization activity comparable to the decreased activity of the catalyst during a polymerization. The [Ti + n ] was determined for the CW‐catalyst during the course of a decene polymerization; they were found to be Ti +4 : Ti +3 : Ti +2 = 30% : 27% : 43%, which did not change with polymerization time. These results suggest that the reducibility of Ti +4 species by AlEt 3 or 3AlEt 3 /MPT to different valence states is predicated by their structures. These species do not undergo further changes in their oxidation states during either aging or polymerization. Their decays probably involve nonreductive metathesis reactions like those known for zirconium alkyls. Possible structures for the stereospecific and nonspecific sites are proposed.
Topological superconducting phase and Majorana bound states in Shiba chains (2015)

Chains of magnetic adatoms on a conventional superconducting substrate constitute a promising venue for realizing topological superconductivity and Majorana end states. Here, we give a brief overview over recent attempts to describe these systems theoretically, emphasizing how the topological phase emerges from the physics of individual magnetic impurities and their associated Shiba states.
Optical Fibre Sensors For Medical Applications (1985)

New forms of medical sensor are under development in many commercial and academic research laboratories around the world. The consideration of fibre optic sensors in solving medical problems is based on the unique advantages of optical fibres: small size, flexibility and immunity to electromagnetic interference.
Leveraging the Micellar Effect: Gold-Catalyzed Dehydrative Cyclizations in Water at Room Temperature (2014)

The first examples of gold-catalyzed cyclizations of diols and triols to the corresponding hetero- or spirocycles in an aqueous medium are presented. These reactions take place within nanomicelles, where the hydrophobic effect is operating, thereby driving the dehydrations, notwithstanding the surrounding water. By the addition of simple salts such as sodium chloride, reaction times and catalyst loadings can be significantly decreased.
Comparative Nucleotide Sequence Analysis of Polymorphic Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Loci in Mycobacterium ulcerans (2005)

We analyzed a set of variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) loci to assess their nucleotide sequence diversity in isolates of three Mycobacterium ulcerans genotypes. Sequence variants in two loci resulted in intraspecies resolution of Southeast Asian and Asian genotypes in contrast to a homogenous sequence composition among African isolates. Nucleotide sequence polymorphism in repeat units can enhance discrimination of VNTR loci.
Generalized concatenated codes based on tamed frequency modulation (2002)

Using the principles of generalized concatenation we introduce a new design for encoded TFM. New constructions are based on inner nested (sub)systems of TFM signals and outer convolutional codes.
Dense multiway trees (1981)

B-trees of order m are a “balanced” class of m -ary trees, which have applications in the areas of file organization. In fact, they have been the only choice when balanced multiway trees are required. Although they have very simple insertion and deletion algorithms, their storage utilization, that is, the number of keys per page or node, is at worst 50 percent. In the present paper we investigate a new class of balanced m -ary trees, the dense multiway trees, and compare their storage utilization with that of B-trees of order m . Surprisingly, we are able to demonstrate that weakly dense multiway trees have an Ο (log 2 N ) insertion algorithm. We also show that inserting m h - 1 keys in ascending order into an initially empty dense multiway tree yields the complete m -ary tree of height h , and that at intermediate steps in the insertion sequence the intermediate trees can also be considered to be as dense as possible. Furthermore, an analysis of the limiting dynamic behavior of the dense m -ary trees under insertion shows that the average storage utilization tends to 1; that is, the trees become as dense as possible. This motivates the use of the term “dense.”
The Fall of the House of Usher and Other Stories (1839)

Follow the macabre events that sweep the narrator into the haunted world of Roderick Usher--a morbid recluse and slave to fear--whose descent into madness inevitably brings the great House of Usher to its most sinister fate. Also included are Murders in the Rue Morgue, The Man of the Crowd, The Oval Portrait, The Masque of the Red Death and The Tell-Tale Heart.
Ambient Multi-Perceptive System with Electronic Mails for a Residential Health Monitoring System (2006)

Based on several years of experiments, we propose a model of information systems for residential healthcare, and technical guide to select available hard and software technologies. An implementation is described, based on Emails. The system is under experimentation within the framework of the French national project AILISA.
Long-Term Clinical Outcomes after Microfracture of the Glenohumeral Joint: Minimum 7-Year Follow-up (2017)

Objectives: Microfracture is an effective surgical treatment for isolated, full-thickness cartilage defects with current data focused on applications in the knee. Currently, only early outcomes are available analyzing patients undergoing microfracture in the glenohumeral joint. The purpose of this study is to present long-term clinical outcomes of patients undergoing microfracture of full-thickness articular cartilage defects of the glenohumeral joint. Methods: A review of a consecutive series of patients who underwent arthroscopic microfracture of the humeral head and/or glenoid surface with a minimum follow-up of 7 years between 2001 and 2007 was conducted. All patients d surveys containing the Simple Shoulder Test (SST), American Shoulder and Elbow Score (ASES), and visual analog scale (VAS) outcomes scores. Failure was defined by reoperation, including conversion to arthroplasty. Reoperation and failure rates were compared to a previous analysis of these patients at an average follow-up of 28 months. Results: A total of 15 patients (16 shoulders) with an average age of 37.0±14.7 years (8 females, 7 males) were available for analysis at an average 9.3 ± 0.7 years following surgery (range, 8.5 to 10.5 years). The average size of humeral and glenoid defects was 5.07 cm 2 (range, 1.0-7.8 cm 2 ) and 1.66 cm 2 (range, 0.4-3.8 cm 2 ), respectively. Five patients (5 shoulders) underwent at least 1 reoperation, for an overall reoperation rate of 31%. Of these 5 patients, 4 underwent shoulder arthroplasty (2 initially, 2 after additional arthroscopic procedures) and were considered failures, for an overall failure rate of 25%. Of the patients who did not progress onto arthroplasty, there were statistically significant improvements in SST, VAS, and ASES outcomes scores compared to preoperative values. When compared to short-term follow-up at 28 months, in which 3 patients had already been considered failures, 1 additional patient progressed to failure at 9.6 years after the original microfracture. Conclusion: The management of full-thickness symptomatic chondral defects of the glenohumeral joint is challenging. For some patients, microfracture can result in improved function and reduced pain, however, in this small series, up to 25% of patients required conversion to arthroplasty less than 10 years following the index microfracture procedure. Additional studies with larger patient cohorts are needed.
A Computational Framework to Benchmark Basket Catheter Guided Ablation (2017)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation guided by basket catheter mapping has shown to be beneficial. Yet, the initial excitement is mitigated by a growing skepticism due to the difficulty in verifying the protocol in multicenter studies. Overall, the underlying assumptions of rotor ablation require further verification. The aim of this study was therefore to test such hypotheses by using computational modeling.
Analysis of impregnated charcoals by desorption ionization mass spectrometry (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of impregnated charcoals by desorption ionization mass spectrometryMark M. Ross, David A. Kidwell, and Joseph E. CampanaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 12, 2142–2145Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00276a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00276a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Automatic Optimization of Resting and Exercise Atrioventricular Interval Using a Peak Endocardial Acceleration Sensor: Validation with Doppler Echocardiography and Direct Cardiac Output Measurements (2000)

Peak endocardial acceleration (PEA) measured by an implantable acceleration sensor inside the tip of a pacing lead reflects ventricular filling and myocardial contractility. The contribution of the plateau phase of PEA as an indicator of optimal ventricular filling, hence of the appropriate atrioventricular interval (AVI) at rest and during exercise, was studied in 12 patients (age 69 +/- 6 years) with complete AV block and a PEA sensing DDDR pacemakers (Living 1 Plus, Sorin Biomedica). At a mean resting heart rate of 79 +/- 15 beats/min, the mean AVI optimized by PEA versus Doppler echocardiography (echo) were identical (142 +/- 37 vs 146 +/- 26 ms, P = 0.59). During submaximal exercise at a mean heart rate of 134 +/- 6 beats/min, AVI optimized by PEA was 135 +/- 37 ms. Cardiac output at rest, measured by the CO2 rebreathing method, was comparable with AVI determined by echo versus PEA (4.3 +/- 2.9 and 3.7 +/- 2.4 L/min, respectively), and increased to the same extent (8.0 +/- 3.9 vs 8.3 +/- 5.2 L/min) during submaximal exercise. In patients with AV block, AVI automatically set by PEA was comparable with AVI manually optimized by Doppler echocardiography and was associated with comparable exercise induced hemodynamic changes.
A System's Perspective Towards an Architecture Framework for Safe Automated Vehicles (2018)

With an increasing degree of automation, automated vehicle systems become more complex in terms of functional components as well as interconnected hardware and software components. Thus, holistic systems engineering becomes a severe challenge. Emergent properties like system safety are not solely arguable in singular viewpoints such as structural representations of software or electrical wiring (e.g. fault tolerant). This states the need to get several viewpoints on a system and describe correspondences between these views in order to enable traceability of emergent system properties. Today, the most abstract view found in architecture frameworks is a logical description of system functions which structures the system in terms of information flow and functional components. In this article we extend established system viewpoints towards a capability-based assessment of an automated vehicle and conduct an exemplary safety analysis to derive behavioral safety requirements. These requirements can afterwards be attributed to different viewpoints in an architecture frameworks and thus be integrated into a development process for automated vehicles.
Biomimetic surfactant polymers designed for shear‐stable endothelialization on biomaterials (2003)

We have developed a series of extracellular matrix (ECM)-like biomimetic surfactant polymers to improve endothelial cell adhesion and growth on vascular biomaterials. These polymers provide a single-step procedure for modifying the surface of existing biomaterials and consist of a poly(vinyl amine) (PVAm) backbone with varying ratios of cell-binding peptide (RGD) to carbohydrate (maltose), ranging from 100% RGD:0% maltose to 50% RGD:50% maltose. Three biomimetic surfaces, as well as a fibronectin (FN)-coated glass surface were seeded at confluence with human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) and exposed to shear stresses ranging from 0-40.6 dyn/cm2 for periods of 2 h and 6 h. Surfaces were examined for HPAEC coverage and cytoskeletal arrangement as a function of time and shear stress. In general, after 6 h of shear exposure, EC retention on 100% RGD > FN > 75% RGD > 50% RGD. The 100% RGD surface maintained more than 50% of its initial EC monolayer at low to moderate shear stresses whereas all other surfaces dropped to approximately 40% or less in the same shear stress range. The most stable surface, 100% RGD, showed a significant increase in cytoskeletal organization at all shear stresses greater than 2.5 dyn/cm2. In contrast, there was no real change in cytoskeletal organization on the FN surface, and there was a decrease on the 75% RGD surface over time. These results indicate that increasing surface peptide density can control EC shear stability. Furthermore, improved shear stability increases with increasing peptide density and is related to the EC's ability to reorganize its cytoskeleton.
Dynamic in situ spectroscopic ellipsometric study in inhomogeneous TiO2 thin-film growth (2010)

We investigate the film-growth process of the inhomogeneous sputtered TiO2 thin films by the in situ real-time spectroscopic ellipsometer. The growth process of the film is analyzed by both the uniform and the island film growth models. Based on the analyses from the Ψ-Δ trajectories, the initial thin-film growth corresponds to the island film growth model for a single-layer film. As the film grows, the microstructural phase changes cause the transition from the single-to the double-layer physical model, because of the development of the inhomogeneity in the TiO2 thin film. The dynamic fits with the double-layer physical model and the Cody–Lorentz optical model indicate three different stages of the film growth: the nucleation stage, the coalescence stage, and the continuous-layer stage. Although our presented model works well for most of the experimental data, the determination of the refractive index at the ultrathin thickness may be problematic.
Comparaison de textes: quelques approches... (2013)

Dans ce document, nous présentons certaines approches permettant de comparer des textes. Nous parlerons par la suite de similarité entre textes ou entre documents. Les approches présentées ont été sélectionnées pour répondre au mieux au contexte (détaillé dans la section suivante). Ainsi, ce document ne prétend pas donner une liste exhaustive de toutes les méthodes existantes, mais tente de donner un aperçu des méthodes les plus utilisées dans le contexte de notre étude.
Delayed embryo development in the ARABIDOPSIS TREHALOSE‐6‐PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 mutant is associated with altered cell wall structure, decreased cell division and starch accumulation (2006)

The tps1 mutant, which is disrupted in the TREHALOSE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 gene, has been previously characterized as a recessive embryo lethal. tps1 embryos do not develop past late torpedo or early cotyledon stage. We report here that at the ultrastructural, biochemical, and transcriptional levels tps1 exhibits many features typically associated with the maturation phase. The appearance of storage reserve transcripts and organelles follows the same temporal pattern in tps1 and wild-type (WT) embryos in the same silique as does accumulation of storage lipid and protein. The mutant plastids accumulate large starch granules that persist until the end of seed development, in contrast with WT plastids where starch accumulation is transient. The transcriptome of tps1 embryos shows a coordinate downregulation of genes involved in starch and sucrose degradation. Interestingly, genes involved in lipid mobilization and gluconeogenesis are induced in tps1 embryos. The cell walls of tps1 embryos show a remarkable degree of thickening at the ultrastructural level and immunodetection of cell wall components shows that altered deposition of pectins accounts for this altered morphology. Consistent with this at the transcriptome level, genes involved in sugar nucleotide and pectin metabolism are altered in the mutant. The frequency of cell division in tps1 embryos is half that of the wild type at the heart and torpedo stages. These results suggest that TPS1 may play a major role in coordinating cell wall biosynthesis and cell division with cellular metabolism during embryo development.
Strategy for encoding and comparison of gene expression signatures (2007)

EXALT (EXpression signature AnaLysis Tool) is a computational system enabling comparisons of microarray data across experimental platforms and different laboratories http://seq.mc.vanderbilt.edu/exalt/. An essential feature of EXALT is a database holding thousands of gene expression signatures extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus, and encoded in a searchable format. This novel approach to performing global comparisons of shared microarray data may have enormous value when coupled directly with a shared data repository.
Bipolar electrosurgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia: transurethral electrovaporization and resection of the prostate (2005)

Bipolar transurethral resection is a novel approach in treatment of the prostate. A real paucity of clinical data is seen regarding the outcomes with this form of surgery. Although the generator and the resecting loop are different to the monopolar system, the resection technique is very similar which may be attractive to practising urologists. The need for large multi-centre studies in effectiveness of bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate is apparent.
Monoethanolamine Reclamation Using Electrodialysis (2014)

Monoethanolamine (MEA) is the benchmark solvent for the capture of carbon dioxide from both natural gas and flue gas streams. Despite its effectiveness in absorbing CO2, this solvent can react with impurities in the gas stream to form heat stable salts and other degradation products. These impurities can cause problems such as an increase in solvent viscosity and corrosion of the operating units. Thus, a number of approaches have been considered to mitigate the occurrence of these problems. In this paper, the use of electrodialysis as an online MEA reclamation process in a postcombustion CO2 capture facility is investigated. The study shows that high heat stable salts removal can be achieved with a high MEA recovery. However, it is necessary to limit the current density, particularly at lower salt concentrations, to reduce water splitting. The stability of the commercial ion-exchange membranes in the highly alkaline solvent is also investigated. The results show that the membranes are stable upon exposure to 30 wt % MEA for at least 4.5 months.