gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Perceptual Reproduction of Spatial Sound Using Loudspeaker-Signal-Domain Parametrization (2015)

Adaptive perceptual spatial sound reproduction techniques that employ a parametric model describing the properties of the sound field can reproduce spatial sound with high perceptual accuracy when compared to linear techniques. On the other hand, applying a sound-field model to control the reproduced sound may compromise the perceived quality of individual channels in cases where the model does not match the sound field. An alternative parametrization is proposed that estimates directly the perceptually relevant parameters for the target loudspeaker signals without modeling the sound field. At the synthesis stage, the loudspeaker signals with the target parametric properties are generated from the microphone signals with regularized least squares mixing and decorrelation. It is shown through listening experiments that the proposed method provides on average the overall perceived spatial sound reproduction quality of a state-of the-art parametric spatial sound reproduction technique, while solving the past shortcomings related to the perceived quality of the individual channels.
Hybrid Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Incooperating SLP for Mechanical System Design(Machine Elements and Manufacturing) (2009)

Multiobjective optimization techniques such as Evolutionary Algorithms, which can obtain Pareto optimal solution set in a single calculation, have attracted attentions to conduct trade-off analysis in mechanical design process. Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) has an advantage in obtaining Pareto optimal solution set in structural optimization problem since it can easily handle continuous design variables. However, this algorithm has not been applied to complicated structural and mechanical optimization problems due to its difficulty of constraint handling in its local search process while providing high-performance in global search. This paper proposes an approach to obtain Pareto optimal solutions using MOPSO combined with the Sequential Linear Programming (SLP) to enhance local search in multiobjective optimization. The MOPSO update scheme is applied to dominated solutions and the SLP is applied to non-dominated solutions. The application of the SLP along with optimal weighting coefficients results in a stable and fast in multiobjective optimization. Finally, truss structure design optimization problems are solved to verify efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Summarizing data using bottom-k sketches (2007)

A Bottom-sketch is a summary of a set of items with nonnegative weights that supports approximate query processing. A sketch is obtained by associating with each item in a ground set an independent random rank drawn from a probability distribution that depends on the weight of the item and including the k items with smallest rank value.
Partial resuscitative balloon occlusion of the aorta (P-REBOA) (2016)

Johnson, M. Austin MD, PhD; Neff, Lucas P. MD; Williams, Timothy K. MD; DuBose, Joseph J. MD The EVAC Study Group Author Information
Renal Alterations in Prediabetic Rats With Periodontitis (2008)

Background: Periodontitis was shown to have an impact on glucose levels in prediabetic and diabetic rats. The Zucker fatty rat (ZFR) is a well‐characterized model of prediabetes presenting with impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, and moderate hypertension. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether periodontitis influences kidney changes in ZFRs. Methods: Male adult ZFRs (N = 19) and their lean littermates (N = 18) were studied. Periodontitis was induced with ligatures in half of the ZFRs and lean rats, whereas the other half served as controls. After 4 weeks, the rats were sacrificed, and the kidneys, liver, and heart were removed and weighed. Kidneys were evaluated histologically for glomerular volume and renal mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor 2, transforming growth factor‐beta, connective tissue growth factor, collagen IVα1, fibronectin, and nephrin. Urinary albumin excretion and creatinine clearance were also evaluated. Results: In prediabetic ZFRs, periodontitis was associated with kidney hypertrophy ( P = 0.03) and a tendency for increased glomerular volume ( P = 0.06). In lean littermates, elevated fibronectin mRNA levels ( P = 0.03) were noted in the presence of periodontitis. Conclusion: Our findings suggest the participation of periodontitis in the development of early renal changes in ZFRs.
Electrochemical Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy as a Platform for Bacterial Detection and Identification (2018)

The field of bacterial screening is in need of a rapid, easy to use, sensitive, and selective platform for bacterial detection and identification. Current methods of bacterial identification lack time efficiency, resulting in problems for many sectors of society. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been investigated as a possible candidate for bacterial screening due to its demonstrated ability to detect biological molecules with a high degree of sensitivity. However, the field of bacterial screening using SERS is currently facing limitations such as signal irreproducibility, weak spectra, and difficulty differentiating between strains based on the SERS spectra of bacteria alone. The current study reports on the first ever use of electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) for bacterial screening. The results of this study demonstrate the ability of EC-SERS to greatly improve upon the SERS performance for the detection of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria both in terms of improved peak intensities and spectral richness. EC-SERS shows great promise in its ability to advance SERS-based bacterial screening and could potentially be used for more efficient species discrimination at the point-of-need (PON).
Large Scale Triboelectric Nanogenerator and Self-Powered Pressure Sensor Array Using Low Cost Roll-to-Roll UV Embossing (2016)

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a potential solution for mechanical energy harvesting over conventional mechanisms such as piezoelectric and electromagnetic, due to easy fabrication, high efficiency and wider choice of materials. Traditional fabrication techniques used to realize TENGs involve plasma etching, soft lithography and nanoparticle deposition for higher performance. But lack of truly scalable fabrication processes still remains a critical challenge and bottleneck in the path of bringing TENGs to commercial production. In this paper, we demonstrate fabrication of large scale triboelectric nanogenerator (LS-TENG) using roll-to-roll ultraviolet embossing to pattern polyethylene terephthalate sheets. These LS-TENGs can be used to harvest energy from human motion and vehicle motion from embedded devices in floors and roads, respectively. LS-TENG generated a power density of 62.5 mW m(-2). Using roll-to-roll processing technique, we also demonstrate a large scale triboelectric pressure sensor array with pressure detection sensitivity of 1.33 V kPa(-1). The large scale pressure sensor array has applications in self-powered motion tracking, posture monitoring and electronic skin applications. This work demonstrates scalable fabrication of TENGs and self-powered pressure sensor arrays, which will lead to extremely low cost and bring them closer to commercial production.
Bromocriptine and Pleuropulmonary Disease (1989)

Bromocriptine mesylate, a long-acting dopamine agonist, is a semisynthetic ergot-derived alkaloid that has been used clinically since 1969.<sup>1</sup>This drug has been effective in the management of patients with hyperprolactinemia with or without a demonstrable prolactin-secreting adenoma, growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas, postpartum lactation, and Parkinson's disease.<sup>2</sup>The drug also has been safely used in the management of pregnant women harboring prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors.<sup>3</sup>In addition, the drug has been tried in some patients with luteal-phase insufficiency, idiopathic edema, premenstrual tension syndrome, and hepatic encephalopathy, although the data supporting the use of the drug in these latter conditions either are incomplete or require substantiation.<sup>1</sup> During the 20 years of clinical experience, bromocriptine has been found to be remarkably free of major side effects.<sup>4</sup>Patients commonly develop nausea, occasionally with abdominal cramps and vomiting, and postural hypotension at the time therapy is initiated. These side effects can
Cisplatin-tethered gold nanospheres for multimodal chemo-radiotherapy of glioblastoma (2014)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains the most aggressive and challenging brain tumour to treat. We report the first successful chemo-radiotherapy on patient derived treatment resistant GBM cells using a cisplatin-tethered gold nanosphere. After intracellular uptake, the nanosphere effects DNA damage which initiates caspase-mediated apoptosis in those cells. In the presence of radiation, both gold and platinum of cisplatin, serve as high atomic number radiosensitizers leading to the emission of ionizing photoelectrons and Auger electrons. This resulted in enhanced synergy between cisplatin and radiotherapy mediated cytotoxicity, and photo/Auger electron mediated radiosensitisation leading to complete ablation of the tumour cells in an in vitro model system. This study demonstrates the potential of designed nanoparticles to target aggressive cancers in the patient derived cell lines providing a platform to move towards treatment strategies.
Entkopplungsmöglichkeiten von Fabry-Perot-Interferometern (1965)

Abstract Die Aufstellung von 2 Fabry-Perot-Interferometern in Tandem wurde von Gehrcke und Lau [17] sowie durch Houston [18] zuerst benutzt. Seitdem haben sich viele Autoren mit den Problemen, die bei der Kombination mehrerer FP's entstehen, eingehend beschäftigt. Eine der störenden Erscheinungen beruht auf der Kopplung der aufeinanderfolgenden FP-Filter, da ihre Wirkung nicht durch Absorption zustandekommt. Deshalb ist man bestrebt, eine Entkopplung der Filter zu erreichen. Einer Zusammenstellung der (dem Verfasser) bekannten Methoden ist diese Arbeit gewidmet. Dabei wird auf eine weitere prinzipielle Möglichkeit aufmerksam gemacht (G). Ausgangspunkt für diese Zusammenstellung ist die Durchlässigkeitsfunktion in Abhängigkeit von den Gangunterschieden zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Interferometergrenzflächen. Diese Darstellungsweise ermöglicht die Beschreibung aller Verfahren von einem gemeinsamen Gesichtspunkt aus.
Control of Cytomegalovirus in Bone Marrow Transplantation Chimeras Lacking the Prevailing Antigen-Presenting Molecule in Recipient Tissues Rests Primarily on Recipient-Derived CD8 T Cells (1998)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during the transient immunodeficiency after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) develops into disease unless antiviral CD8 T cells are restored in due course. Histoincompatibility between donor and recipient is associated with increased risk. Complications may include a rejection response against the foreign major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and a lack of antiviral control resulting from a misfit between donor-derived T cells and the antigenic viral peptides presented in recipient tissues. Here we have established a murine model of CMV disease after experimental BMT performed across a single MHC class I disparity. Specifically, BALB/c bone marrow cells expressing the prevailing antigen-presenting molecule Ld were transplanted into the Ld gene deletion mutant BALB/c-H-2(dm2), an experimental setting that entails a selective risk of host-versus-graft but not graft-versus-host response. The reconstituted T-cell population proved to be chimeric in that it consisted of Ld-positive donor-derived and Ld-negative recipient-derived cells. Pulmonary infiltrates did not include cytolytic T cells directed against Ld. This finding implies that the infection did not trigger a host-versus-graft response. Notably, upon adoptive transfer, donor-derived CD8 T cells preferentially protected tissues of donor genotype, whereas recipient-derived CD8 T cells protected tissues of either genotype. We infer from these data that the focus on immunodominant antigens presented by Ld within the donor cell population distracted the donor T cells from protecting recipient tissues and that protection in the chimeras was therefore primarily based on recipient T cells. As a consequence, T-cell chimerism after BMT should give a positive prognosis with respect to control of CMV.
Blackbody at the Gold Point to Establish the High Temperature Scale (1976)

This blackbody at the gold point was newly designed and constructed to establish the temperature scale above the gold point (1064.43°) by the definition of the International Practical Temperature Scale of 1968 (IPTS-68).The blackbody is composed of a graphite crucible and a furnace. The graphite crucible contained a 0.9kg gold ingot with purity of 0.99999 in which opens a reentrant graphite cavity forming a blackbody. The effective emissivity of the cavity was evaluated to be 0.99998. The furnace can maintain the temperature of the crucible at 1064.5° with a power supply as low as about 800W by the aid of the radiation shield. The temperature along the furnace axis is maintained within 0.1K by two control blocks.At the blackbody of the gold point, the slope of the straight lines on the observed freezing plateau and the dispersion of the replication gave estimations that the desired blackbody radiation was correctly realized within the precision of the multiplicative comparator of the spectral radiance which was used to compare the spectral radiance of the blackbody with that of a tungsten strip lamp.Thus the accuracy of the blackbody at the gold point (ΔLλ[T68(Au)]/Lλ[T68(Au)]) is expected to be better than 0.0001.
A theoretical and empirical analysis of Expected Sarsa (2009)

This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of Expected Sarsa, a variation on Sarsa, the classic on-policy temporal-difference method for model-free reinforcement learning. Expected Sarsa exploits knowledge about stochasticity in the behavior policy to perform updates with lower variance. Doing so allows for higher learning rates and thus faster learning. In deterministic environments, Expected Sarsas updates have zero variance, enabling a learning rate of 1. We prove that Expected Sarsa converges under the same conditions as Sarsa and formulate specific hypotheses about when Expected Sarsa will outperform Sarsa and Q-learning. Experiments in multiple domains confirm these hypotheses and demonstrate that Expected Sarsa has significant advantages over these more commonly used methods.
Specific Immunotherapy Suppresses IL-1β and IL-8 Levels in Nasal Secretions: A Possible Explanation for the Inhibition of Inflammatory Cell Migration (1997)

The efficacy of specific immunotherapy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is now clearly established. The fundamental principle of this form of therapy is still not fully understood, although considerable advances have been made in clarifying various aspects of the mechanisms of action. An important effect of the therapy is the inhibition of migration of inflammatory cells into the mucosa. The results of in vitro investigations and characterization of the cytokine profiles in biopsy specimens from skin and nasal mucosa at the time of an allergeninduced late-phase reaction support the view that reorientation of a Th2 lymphocyte immune response in the direction of a Thl reaction is a fundamental aspect of the mechanisms of the immunotherapy. In order to further clarify the reasons for the cellular infiltration and to obtain evidence for the postulated Th2/Th1 switch in the nasal mucosa, we have measured various cytokines in the nasal secretions from 34 grass-allergic patients participating in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of specific immunotherapy. One group of 17 patients was treated with a grass pollen allergoid preparation (Allergovit®), whilst the other group received a histamine-containing placebo. Cytokine determinations were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with nasal lavage samples obtained before the beginning of therapy and at three time points during the pollen season. Interleukins (IL) 4 and 5 are typical Th2 cytokines effecting the stimulation of IgE synthesis and the activation and differentiation of eosinophil granulocytes, respectively, but they were not detectable in significant amounts in the nasal secretions. Therefore, the investigation did not provide evidence for a T helper cell switch. IL-1Β, IL-6, and IL-8 were consistently detectable. Specific immunotherapy had no effect on the nonspecific proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. There were significant reductions in the concentrations of the chemokine IL-8 (p < 0.05) and the important proinflammatory cytokine IL-1Β (p < 0.005) in nasal secretions from the treatment group during the pollen season, but not in the placebo group. These two cytokines play an important role in transendothelial cell migration, and their reduced concentrations as a result of the specific immunotherapy may contribute at least in part to the inhibition of inflammatory cell migration into the nasal mucosa. These observations are in keeping with the anti-inflammatory effect of the specific immunotherapy.
Parallel Optimization of Synthetic Pathways within the Network of Organic Chemistry (2012)

Die Nadel im Heuhaufen suchen: Die Zahl möglicher Wege zu einem Syntheseziel kann astronomisch sein (1019 bei fünf Syntheseschritten). Hier werden Algorithmen vorgestellt, die das gesamte bekannte chemisch-synthetische Wissen nutzen, um optimale Synthesewege zu identifizieren. An Beispielen werden die Einzelziel- und die parallele Optimierung von Synthesen, die zu mehreren Zielen führen, vorgestellt. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Optimal control of water distribution systems by network flow theory (1984)

This paper presents a modeling technique and an optimal control scheme for water distribution networks. To overcome the large scale and nonlinearity of the network, a network aggregation method and a two-level control scheme are developed. The first level of the scheme decides operating points using a nonlinear optimization method, where the pressure/flow equations are solved using a high-speed technique derived from network flow theory. The second level is a feedback control around the operating points, which absorbs estimate error and small variations in consumption. The scheme has been implemented on a minicomputer system and is presently in operation.
Non-diffracting beams from surface-emitting lasers (2012)

We present an overview of recent advances in generation of non-diffracting (Bessel) beams from surface-emitting lasers, such as electrically and optically pumped VECSELs, and discuss their applications in optical trapping/tweezing and manipulation of micromachines. Our experiments on VECSEL-generated watt power level Bessel beams with central lobe diameters of a few to tens micrometers suggest that the semiconductor surface-emitting lasers are the best candidates for replacement of gas and solid-state counterparts for power-demanding applications in optical manipulation.
A stream-based implementation of XML encryption (2002)

W3C has been working on the standardization of XML Encryption and released its specification as a W3C Proposed Recommendation in 2002. There are several implementations of the specification, all of which are implemented using DOM. However, it is commonly accepted that DOM has higher costs in time and space than other APIs. Also, even if SAX is used, with this kind of API, it is impossible to parse decrypted data both efficiently and correctly. Therefore, we thought of using the Xerces Native Interface (XNI) of Xerces2. Using this API, we prototyped a stream-based implementation of the specification. We also evaluated its performance. As compared with a DOM-based implementation, it achieves a 0.27%--26% reduction in processing time (i.e., 1.0x-1.3x performance) for encryption of XML documents with sizes larger than 2 KB, and 34%-88% (i.e., 1.5x-8.5x) for decryption of XML documents with any sizes.
Modeling and experimental characterization of flexible graphene composite strain sensors (2016)

In this paper we introduce the theoretical and experimental investigation of piezoresistive graphene-composite strain sensors on Si substrate. The graphene band structure in response to the applied strain was modeled using tight binding analysis. The simulation showed that the graphene band gap opened up to 1.4 eV in response to strain leads to an appreciable change in film resistivity, which can be related to the increase in gauge factor (GF). Furthermore, the usage of flexible substrate leads to a significant increase in gauge factor by integrating the piezoresistive response of the Si thin layer, thus magnifying the overall GF response. Furthermore, FEM analysis showed combined longitudinal, transverse, and shearing strains in the graphene lattice as a result of the applied tensile strain. Therefore, the combined strain effects have to be incorporated in the analysis for better estimation of the sensor GF.
Burner and ultrasonic nebulizer improvements for atomic absorption spectrometry (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBurner and ultrasonic nebulizer improvements for atomic absorption spectrometryM. B. Denton and H. V. MalmstadtCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 2, 241–247Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60310a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60310a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views129Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Noncontact surface temperature measurement during reactive-ion etching using fluorescent polymer films (1983)

We have used a fluorescence technique to make a noncontact surface-temperature measurement on a thin film of glass resin as it is etched away in a reactive-ion-etching chamber. The glass resin is heavily doped with a fluorescent material whose fluorescence lifetime is temperature dependent. The fluorescence is excited and collected through a remote optical fiber, and the lifetime is measured using a phase-shift technique. The calibration reproducibility of this measurement is about ±1 °C. The fluorescent glass-resin film could be used as an underlayer for monitoring the etching of overlying oxides, photoresists, or patterned metallizations, or a photoresist itself could be doped with the fluorescer. This demonstration opens up the possibility of surface temperature measurement in a wide variety of harsh environments.