gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiplexed selective detection and identification of TCE and xylene in water by on-chip absorption spectroscopy (2013)

We demonstrate a device which can do multiplexed detection of two different chemicals on one chip by using infrared absorption spectroscopy. The signature of Trichloroethylene(TCE) and xylene in water enable multiplexed detection on one chip. We use the slow light effect in the photonic crystal design which enhances the absorption of the analytes by a factor of 30 as demonstrated by our previous works. In order to match the absorption peaks of these two analytes, photonic crystal slow light regions are designed at 1644nm and 1674nm with a SU8 cladding on top. Multiplexed detection is enabled by using a multimode interference (MMI) optical power splitter at the input, which divides optical power into two arms, and Y combiner at the output. Consequently, the absorption of these two chemicals can be enhanced by the slow light effect. The MMI structure and Y combiner also enable the multiplexed detection of two analytes on one chip.
Improved oral delivery of resveratrol using proliposomal formulation: investigation of various factors contributing to prolonged absorption of unmetabolized resveratrol (2014)

The proliposomal formulation optimized by considering various physicochemical factors and simulated in vitro testing result in significant improvement rate and extent of absorption of unmetabolized RSV.
The Spectra of Disease-Causing Mutations in the Ferroportin 1 (SLC40A1) Encoding Gene and Related Iron Overload Phenotypes (Hemochromatosis Type 4 and Ferroportin Disease) (2023)

SLC40A1 is the sole iron export protein reported in mammals and is a key player in both cellular and systemic iron homeostasis. This unique iron exporter, which belongs to the major facilitator superfamily, is predominantly regulated by the hyposideremic hormone hepcidin. SLC40A1 dysfunction causes ferroportin disease, and autosomal dominant iron overload disorder characterized by cellular iron retention, principally in reticuloendothelial cells, correlating with high serum ferritin and low to normal transferrin saturation. Resistant to hepcidin, SLC40A1 mutations are rather associated with elevated plasma iron and parenchymal iron deposition, a condition that resembles <i>HFE</i>-related hemochromatosis and is associated with more clinical complications. With very few exceptions, only missense variations are reported at the <i>SLC40A1</i> locus; this situation increasingly limits the establishment of pathogenicity. In this mutation update, we provide a comprehensive review of all the pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, variants of unknown significance, and benign or likely benign <i>SLC40A1</i> variants. The classification is essentially determined using functional, structural, segregation, and recurrence data. We furnish new information on genotype-phenotype correlations for loss-of-function, gain-of-function, and other <i>SLC40A1</i> variants, confirming the existence of wide clinical heterogeneity and the potential for misdiagnosis. All information is recorded in a locus-specific online database.
Stem Cell Emergence and Hemopoietic Activity Are Incompatible in Mouse Intraembryonic Sites (1999)

In the mouse embryo, the generation of candidate progenitors for long-lasting hemopoiesis has been reported in the paraaortic splanchnopleura (P-Sp)/ aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region. Here, we address the following question: can the P-Sp/AGM environment support hemopoietic differentiation as well as generate stem cells, and, conversely, are other sites where hemopoietic differentiation occurs capable of generating stem cells? Although P-Sp/AGM generates de novo hemopoietic stem cells between 9.5 and 12.5 days post coitus (dpc), we show here that it does not support hemopoietic differentiation. Among mesoderm-derived sites, spleen and omentum were shown to be colonized by exogenous cells in the same fashion as the fetal liver. Cells colonizing the spleen were multipotent and pursued their evolution to committed progenitors in this organ. In contrast, the omentum, which was colonized by lymphoid-committed progenitors that did not expand, cannot be considered as a hemopoietic organ. From these data, stem cell generation appears incompatible with hemopoietic activity. At the peak of hemopoietic progenitor production in the P-Sp/AGM, between 10.5 and 11.5 dpc, multipotent cells were found at the exceptional frequency of 1 out of 12 total cells and 1 out of 4 AA4.1+ cells. Thus, progenitors within this region constitute a pool of undifferentiated hemopoietic cells readily accessible for characterization.
Controlling phenolic hydrodeoxygenation by tailoring metal–O bond strength via specific catalyst metal type and particle size selection (2017)

Experimental and theoretical studies of hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of m -cresol show that on metals of low oxophilicity, such as Pt or Pd, the direct C O bond cleavage is not possible. Therefore, HDO requires an indirect pathway via tautomerization. In contrast, on metals of higher oxophilicity, such as Ru or Rh, the direct C O bond cleavage is possible and toluene can be directly obtained from m -cresol. These studies show that the HDO activity correlates directly with the metal oxophilicity, which in turn depends on the position of the d-band center relative to the Fermi level. This catalytic descriptor depends on (1) the type of metal and (2) the extent of coordination of the metal atoms. The present contribution investigates the effect of the second factor. It is demonstrated that a Rh/SiO 2 catalyst with small particles (low-coordination sites) is more active for HDO than one with larger particles (high-coordination sites). At the same time, the low coordination site is more prone to deactivation and loss of HDO selectivity. These experimental results are combined with the density functional theory calculations, which show that the energy barrier for direct C O bond cleavage is lower on a step site than on a terrace site. At the same time, it is shown that a step site requires a higher energy barrier to remove adsorbed molecular fragments to regenerate the activity than a terrace site, which explains the faster deactivation rate observed on catalysts with small more defective metal clusters.
Review: Animal Growth and Development, by Maurice Sussman (1961)

Book Review| January 01 1961 Review: Animal Growth and Development, by Maurice Sussman Animal Growth and DevelopmentMaurice Sussman P. K. P. K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1961) 23 (1): 48. https://doi.org/10.2307/4439475 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation P. K.; Review: Animal Growth and Development, by Maurice Sussman. The American Biology Teacher 1 January 1961; 23 (1): 48. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4439475 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Using Consensus Clustering for Multi-view Anomaly Detection (2012)

This paper presents work on automatically characterizing typical user activities across multiple sources (or views) of data, as well as finding anomalous users who engage in unusual combinations of activities across different views of data. This approach can be used to detect malicious insiders who may abuse their privileged access to systems in order to accomplish goals that are detrimental to the organizations that grant those privileges. To avoid detection, these malicious insiders want to appear as normal as possible with respect to the activities of other users with similar privileges and tasks. Therefore, given a single type or view of audit data, the activities of the malicious insider may appear normal. An anomaly may only be apparent when analyzing multiple sources of data. We propose and test domain-independent methods that combine consensus clustering and anomaly detection techniques. We benchmark the efficacy of these methods on simulated insider threat data. Experimental results show that combining anomaly detection and consensus clustering produces more accurate results than sequentially performing the two tasks independently.
A lightweight software control system for cyber awareness and security (2009)

Designing and building software that is free of defects that can be exploited by malicious adversaries is a difficult task. Despite extensive efforts via the application of formal methods, use of automated software engineering tools, and performing extensive pre-deployment testing, exploitable errors still appear in software. The problem of cyber resilience is further compounded by the growing sophistication of adversaries who can marshal substantial resources to compromise systems. This paper describes a novel, promising approach to improving the resilience of software. The approach is to impose a process-level software control system that continuously monitors an application for signs of attack or failure and responds accordingly. The system uses software dynamic translation to seamlessly insert arbitrary sensors and actuators into an executing binary. The control system employs the sensors to detect attacks and the actuators to effect an appropriate response. Using this approach, several novel monitoring and response systems have been developed. The paper describes our light-weight process-level software control system, our experience using it to increase the resilience of systems, and discusses future research directions for extending and enhancing this powerful approach to achieving cyber awareness and resilience.
Adaptive TDMA slot assignment in mesh wireless networks (2009)

From the channel assignment schemes in time division multiple access (TDMA) slot assignment protocols developed in previous studies, we have found that these protocols do not have a convenient frame length reduction scheme after the expansion of the frame length. As the network size grows, the frame length expands rapidly, particularly when we set it as a power of two. A very long frame may result in poor channel utilization when it contains many unused slots. In this paper, we consider a wireless mesh network with a TDMA structure. We divide each code into time slots to form the channels. We propose a dynamic frame length expansion and recovery method termed adaptive time slot assignment (ATSA). This strategy is designed to enhance the utilization of the available channels by taking advantage of the spatial reuse concept. In ATSA, an increase in spatial reuse is achieved by adding a certain amount of control overhead. We show that the bandwidth saved due to the channel spatial reuse is larger than the additional bandwidth spent on the control overhead.
The Chemistry of the Binuclear 34-Electron System [C5R5M(μ-PMe2)]2: How Inert Are M-PMe2-M Bridges? (1990)

Abstract The binuclear cobalt and rhodium complexes, [C5H5Co(μ-PMe2)]2 (1) and [C5Me5Rh(μ-PMe2)]2 (2), behave as metal bases and react with electrophiles by addition to the metal-metal bond. Whereas with acids such as CF3CO2H cations of general composition [(C5R5M)2(μ-H)(μ-PMe2)2]+ which still show a strong M-M interaction are formed, the reaction with CH2X2 (X = Br, I) leads to M-M bond cleavage and insertion of CH2 into one of the M-PMe2-M bridging bonds. The chalcogens (O, S, Se and Te) and activated alkynes RC≡CCO2Me (R = H, Me, CO2Me) behave similarly. The essence of this Comment is that M-PMe2-M bridges are less rigid than originally expected and in various cases play a specific role in reactivity.
56: CD4 T CELL MEMORY IMPROVES INNATE IMMUNITY IN THE CECAL LIGATION AND PUNCTURE MODEL OF SEPSIS (2018)

1Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 2Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 3N/A, New Hyde Park, NY
HPLC of antibiotics. 1. Streptolydigin and related compounds (1978)

Abstract Two new acyltetramic acids related to streptolydigin have been isolated from fermentations of Streptomyces lydicus. The principal members of this complex were resolved by TLC on silica gel. However, the methods of detection, permanganate spray or bioautography, were not suitable for both crude fermentation broths and purified extracts. Gas chromatography is unsuitable for the detection of either underivatized or silylated streptolydigins. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) particularly on triethylaminoethyl cellulose is rapid and sensitive and is the method of choice for the analysis of both crude and purified samples. Using high performance liquid chromatography, two components were detected in the complex, which are not observed using any of the other chromatographic procedures.
Visual analytics for partition comparison and evaluation (2007)

Due to the rapid increase of data size and complexity in the world of information technology, cluster analysis with the assistance of visualization has become a major methodology for data analysis and exploration. This research focuses on visualization for mutual comparison and evaluation of multiple partitions, known as cluster stability analysis. In this context, a partition is constructed from the decomposition of a dataset into a family of disjoint groups. Partitions may refer to flat clustering results, categorical dimensions, binned numerical dimensions, predetermined class labeling dimensions, or prior knowledge in mutually exclusive format (one data item is associated with one and only one outcome). Cluster stability analysis is a kind of comparative cluster analysis, and the primary step in identifying optimal cluster structure, building cluster ensemble, or conducting cluster validation. Visualization for mutual comparison and evaluation of multiple partitions is a new research area in which there have been very few publications. 
In this research, we define and extend a cluster stability metric system to record stability, group stability, and partition similarity measures. We describe a visualization tool CComViz (Cluster Comparison Visualiz ation) that performs mutual comparison and evaluation of multiple partitions of the same dataset. CComViz utilizes a novel algorithm for the layout of record and dimension order in a display. We use it to visualize data stability, data flow, density distribution and hierarchy, data correlation at the record, the group, and the dimension levels within a single graphical display. We show how CComViz can, using brushing and linking, also help in the identification of interesting records and patterns in exploratory data analysis.
Spectral Anomaly Detection Based on Dictionary Learning for Sea Surfaces (2021)

Anomalies in remote sensing images are generally reflected in two aspects of spatial and spectral ones, as for the anomaly detection of sea surface using multispectral or hyperspectral images, spectral information is more important. To this end, a novel spectral anomaly detection method based on dictionary optimization is proposed in this letter. More specifically, the normal scene is first defined to distinguish the anomaly. Then, without any assumption about the distribution of anomaly, a spectral dictionary is formulated and derived theoretically with optimization to express the normal scenes. Using the sparse and low-rank constraints, the alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) is employed to solve the above optimization in the spectral domain. Finally, for a given sea-surface image to be detected, the error matrix that cannot be fully expressed by the optimized spectral dictionary is regarded as anomalies. It shows certain generality for various kinds of spectral anomalies on the sea surface. Taking multispectral images obtained by the HY-1C satellite as an example, comparisons with related state-of-the-art methods demonstrate that our proposed method achieves the best anomaly detection performance not only for oil-spill pollution but also for algae pollution.
Vehicle-to-Grid Power: Battery, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles as Resources for Distributed Electric Power in California (2001)

Electric-drive vehicles can become and important resource for the California electric utility system, with consequent air pollution, system reliability, and economic benefits. We refer to electric power resources from vehicles as âVehicle to Gridâ power (V2G). The economic value of some forms of V2G appear high, more than enough to offset the initially higher costs of electric-drive vehicles, thus having the potential to accelerate their introduction. To realize this potential, some coordination of vehicle and infrastructure planning will be needed. This study calculates three parameters of electric drive vehicles (EDVs) which are important for their use by the electric system: resources size, availability, and economic potential.
The Occurrence of Diphosphoinositide and Triphosphoinositide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1968)

Abstract From the deacylated lipids of yeast cells grown on labeled inositol or 32Pi two compounds were isolated by ion exchange and paper chromatography. These were indistinguishable from glycerophosphorylinositol phosphate and glycerophosphorylinositol diphosphate from rat brain. The compounds treated with alkaline phosphatase gave rise to glycerophosphorylinositol and Pi in the expected ratios. The alkaline hydrolysis products were the same as those from the respective compounds obtained from rat brain. It is probable that the acylated parent lipids, diphosphoinositide and triphosphoinositide, are present in bakers' yeast.
A New Generation of Universal Contactless Battery Charging Platform for Portable Consumer Electronic Equipment (2005)

This invention is related to a new planar inductive battery charger for portable electronic equipment such as mobile phones, palm pilots and CD players. New multilayer printed-circuit-board winding matrices of hexagonal structures that can generate magnetic flux of almost even magnitude over the surface of the winding arrays have been developed. The new concept forms the basis for a new generation of universal charging platform for a wide range of portable electronic equipment. Different types of portable electronic equipment can be placed and charged simultaneously on the charging platform, regardless of their positions and orientation. The principle and structure of the charging platform are explained and the feasibility has been confirmed with practical measurements. The proposed universal charging platform has been successfully used for mobile phones, MP3 players and electronic dictionaries.
Ammonium Polyphosphate with Crystalline Form V by Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Process (2010)

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with crystalline form V (APP-V) was prepared through the reaction of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and urea at high temperature and under dry ammonia atmosphere. Effects such as raw material ratios, ammoniation, condensation temperature, and condensation time were examined. Its water-solubility was tested and compared with those of industrial APP-I and APP-II. FTIR, XRD, and TGA techniques were used to characterize this product. The thermal degradation of APP-V was examined and compared with that of APP-I and APP-II; the molecular structure of this APP-V was speculated and discussed.
Acuities through Annular and Central Pupils After Radial Keratotomy (1991)

The corneal radius of curvature after radial keratotomy (RK) increases centrally in the surgery-free area while remaining relatively unchanged paracentrally and peripherally in the surgical areas. These corneal topography changes suggest that the imaging properties of the cornea should vary with the area of the cornea allowed to participate in image formation. To test this hypothesis visual acuities were measured both through a central and an annular pupil for normals and RK patients as a function of time after surgery. Annular acuities were decreased significantly after RK and remained decreased over time. Best corrected central acuity increased as a function of time after surgery, becoming significantly better than presurgery acuities but not as good as normals with similar low refractive corrections. Clinical implications include: (1) variations in visual performance (e.g., acuity, contrast sensitivity, glare) and optical quality measures (e.g., refraction, higher-order aberrations) as a function of pupil size; (2) use of a large a surgery-free area as possible; (3) careful centering of the surgery-free area on the natural pupil; (4) new contact lens designs for correcting RK patients' residual refractive error; and (5) counseling patients in general, and patients with naturally large pupils in particular, concerning possible variation in visual function with pupil size. In summary, this study indicates that postsurgery RK paracentral/peripheral corneal optics experience a loss in optical quality as compared to either normal eyes with a low refractive correction or the same eye before surgery.
Towards real-time collaborative filtering for big fast data (2013)

The Web of people is highly dynamic and the life experiences between our on-line and "real-world" interactions are increasingly interconnected. For example, users engaged in the Social Web more and more rely upon continuous social streams for real-time access to information and fresh knowledge about current affairs. However, given the deluge of data items, it is a challenge for individuals to find relevant and appropriately ranked information at the right time. Having Twitter as test bed, we tackle this information overload problem by following an online collaborative approach. That is, we go beyond the general perspective of information finding in Twitter, that asks: "What is happening right now?", towards an individual user perspective, and ask: "What is interesting to me right now within the social media stream?". In this paper, we review our recently proposed online collaborative filtering algorithms and outline potential research directions.
PU.1 regulates the commitment of adult hematopoietic progenitors and restricts granulopoiesis (2005)

Although the transcription factor PU.1 is essential for fetal lymphomyelopoiesis, we unexpectedly found that elimination of the gene in adult mice allowed disturbed hematopoiesis, dominated by granulocyte production. Impaired production of lymphocytes was evident in PU.1-deficient bone marrow (BM), but myelocytes and clonogenic granulocytic progenitors that are responsive to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor or interleukin-3 increased dramatically. No identifiable common lymphoid or myeloid progenitor populations were discernable by flow cytometry; however, clonogenic assays suggested an overall increased frequency of blast colony-forming cells and BM chimeras revealed existence of long-term self-renewing PU.1-deficient cells that required PU.1 for lymphoid, but not granulocyte, generation. PU.1 deletion in granulocyte-macrophage progenitors, but not in common myeloid progenitors, resulted in excess granulocyte production; this suggested specific roles of PU.1 at different stages of myeloid development. These findings emphasize the distinct nature of adult hematopoiesis and reveal that PU.1 regulates the specification of the multipotent lymphoid and myeloid compartments and restrains, rather than promotes, granulopoiesis.
Resistance patterns with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in melanoma (2012)

Despite robust early clinical efficacy, the antiproliferative effect of these kinase inhibitors is limited. The resistance mechanisms are explored currently and will help to identify new targets for melanoma therapy.