gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3338: BP1 induces an epithelial to mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells by modulating the Twist/IL6 pathway (2018)

Abstract Background. BP1 (Beta Protein 1) belongs to the Distal-less family of homeobox genes. We have demonstrated that BP1 is activated in over 80% of invasive ductal breast tumors, where it is associated with breast cancer progression. The mechanism(s) of BP1 involvement in breast cancer progression, invasion and metastasis are still not known. Homeobox genes contribute to the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). During EMT, epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal features which lead to motility, invasiveness and resistance to apoptosis. EMT is also characterized by changes in apico-basal polarity and a dramatic remodeling of the cytoskeleton. During progression toward metastasis, cancer cells acquire a mesenchymal gene expression phenotype and increased motility. This transition allows the tumor cells to metastasize and establish secondary tumors at distant sites. One of the drivers of the EMT is the transcription factor Twist. Twist is a member of highly conserved family of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors and is involved in the specification and differentiation of mesenchymal tissue in embryos. Twist overexpression can induce EMT, generate cancer stem cells, and promote metastasis in vivo. We hypothesized that BP1 might promote cancer metastasis and invasiveness mediated though Twist and the EMT. Methods. We generated BP1 overexpressing cell lines, MCF-7/BP1 and HS578T/BP1, along with the associated vector controls. Expression of BP1 was tested by both protein and transcript levels by Western blotting and qRT-PCR, respectively. BP1 binding to Twist was assayed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Confocal microscopy was used to localize BP1 expression and Boyden chamber assays were employed to assess the migratory and invasive ability of these cells. ELISA assays were employed to study IL6 expression in BP1 expressing cells. Results. BP1 expression led to an increase in Twist expression. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that BP1 bound proximally to the Twist promoter and regulated its expression. BP1 induced an EMT in both cell lines as seen by (a) lack of expression of E-cadherin, and an increase of vimentin and fibronectin expression, as well as (b) morphological changes, including a spindle-like, and more migratory phenotype. We also observed that BP1 induced expression of the cytokine IL6 in both cell lines. We conclude that BP1 regulates the EMT in breast cancer cells via the Twist and IL6 pathways. Citation Format: Farhad Vesuna, Bin-Jin Hwang, Jinguen Rheey, Mamta Giri, Mandeep Gill, Sidney W. Fu, Ashley Irving, Ala Lisok, Yehudit Bergman, Venu Raman, Patricia E. Berg. BP1 induces an epithelial to mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells by modulating the Twist/IL6 pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3338.
Host–Guest Interactions in the Supramolecular Incorporation of Fullerenes into Tailored Holes on Porphyrin‐Modified Gold Nanoparticles in Molecular Photovoltaics (2005)

Novel gold nanoparticles modified with a mixed self-assembled monolayer of porphyrin alkanethiol and short-chain alkanethiol were prepared (first step) to examine the size and shape effects of surface holes (host) on porphyrin-modified gold nanoparticles. The porphyrin-modified gold nanoparticles with a size of about 10 nm incorporated C60 molecules (guest) into the large, bucket-shaped holes, leading to the formation of a supramolecular complex of porphyrin-C60 composites (second step). Large composite clusters with a size of 200-400 nm were grown from the supramolecular complex of porphyrin-C60 composites in mixed solvents (third step) and deposited electrophoretically onto nanostructured SnO2 electrodes (fourth step). Differences in the porphyrin:C60 ratio were found to affect the structures and photoelectrochemical properties of the composite clusters in mixed solvents as well as on the SnO2 electrodes. The photoelectrochemical performance of a photoelectrochemical device consisting of SnO2 electrodes modified with the porphyrin-C60 composites was enhanced relative to a reference system with small, wedged-shaped surface holes on the gold nanoparticle. Time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy with fluorescence lifetime measurements suggest the occurrence of ultrafast electron transfer from the porphyrin excited singlet states to C60 or the formation of a partial charge-transfer state in the composite clusters of supramolecular complexes formed between porphyrin and C60 leading to efficient photocurrent generation in the system. Elucidation of the relationship between host-guest interactions and photoelectrochemical function in the present system will provide valuable information on the design of molecular devices and machines including molecular photovoltaics.
Reduction of a detailed soot model for simulations of pyrolysing solid fuels (2019)

This work presents a computationally inexpensive soot formation model for use in simulating large solid-complex fuel systems. The proposed model evaluates three variables: number density of tars, bulk mass density of soot particles, and particle number density. Each of these variables are influenced by soot formation phenomena, and this model evaluates the most common of these phenomena: soot nucleation, surface reactions, and coagulation. Two separate simulations were carried out using this model and results were compared against simulations using a more detailed and computationally expensive model. Results are promising and show a meaningful reduction in model complexity and computational cost while still giving comparable results.
Computer program for fast simulation and optimization of single-ended inductor-fed zero-voltage switching series-resonant DC/DC converters and DC/AC inverters with any loading topology (2003)

An application-specific program, RESOCAD (RESonant converter CAD), is described that computes more than 250 times as fast as do general-purpose simulation programs, for single-ended, inductor-fed, zero-voltage-switching, series-resonant DC/DC converters and DC/AC inverters and for resonant rectifiers. The program computes steady-state periodic waveforms, input and output powers, all power dissipations, efficiency and inefficiency values, and control functions. It can adjust user-designated circuit parameters to optimize a design on the basis of efficiency and output power, voltage, or current.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mechanical characterization of wood viscoelasticity at the submicrometre scale (2008)

International audience
Structured Organic Photodetectors Via Orthogonal Photolithograpy (2016)

Presentation during Fraunhofer FEP Industry Partners Day in Dresden
Semiautomated system for three-dimensional modeling of buildings from aerial video (2012)

In this paper, a semiautomated system for modeling 3D objects, especially buildings from aerial video, over a semi-urban scene is presented. First, the video frames are preprocessed to minimize the rotational effects of camera motion. The 3D translational coordinates of the sensor are used to stitch the video frames into nadir and stereo mosaics. The features extracted from the stereo mosaics, like elevation, edges and corners, visual entropy, and color information, are employed in a Bayesian framework to identify the 3D objects in the scene, such as buildings and trees. The initial 3D building models are further optimized by projecting them onto individual video frames. A novel method for setting the input parameters of vision algorithms required for feature extraction, using the data-driven probabilistic inference in Bayesian Networks, has been designed. This method automates the 3D object identification process and precludes the need for manual intervention. Improvements that can be used to increase the accuracy of 3D models when Lidar data is fused with aerial video during the object identification process are also discussed.
25Gbps Quasicoherent Receiver for Beyond NG-PON2 Access Networks (2018)

A 25Gbps quasicoherent receiver with simple DSP has been experimentally validated for 25G access networks. It exhibits a sensitivity of -24. 7dBm after 20km SSMF and duobinary decoding and provides a power budget of 25. 7dB.
Clinical, Biochemical, and Molecular Aspects of Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia in Humans and Dogs (2001)

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT) is an inherited, intrinsic platelet function defect that involves the platelet glycoprotein complex IIb-IIIa, also known as the fibrinogen receptor and the integrin alphaIIbbeta3. The defect was originally described by Dr. Glanzmann in humans in 1918 as a bleeding disorder that differed clinically from other known coagulopathies. Over the decades that followed, researchers determined the biochemical and molecular basis for the disease in humans. Otterhounds with thrombasthenic thrombopathia, described in the 1960s, were the only animal model that closely resembled the disease described in humans until 1996. At that time, a Great Pyrenees dog was identified with unequivocal clinical and biochemical features of Type I GT The cDNA encoding for glycoproteins IIb and IIIa were sequenced in normal dogs in 1999, allowing for identification of specific mutations causing Type I GT in both Otterhounds and Great Pyrenees dogs. Knowing the molecular basis for Type I GT in dogs as well as the cDNA sequences in normal dogs should enhance the understanding of structure/function relationships of the alphaIIbbeta3 integrin and provide an excellent animal model for studies aimed at correction of GT in humans. The following review focuses on the structure and function of this platelet receptor and reviews the molecular, biochemical, and clinical aspects of Glanzmann's thrombasthenia in humans and dogs.
Efficient excimer ultraviolet sources from a dielectric barrier discharge in rare-gas/halogen mixtures (1996)

The generation of excimer radiation in mixtures of the rare-gases Kr or Xe together with chlorine gas has been investigated by a dielectric barrier discharge. The characteristics of the emission spectra of the excimers formed, centered around 222 and 308 nm, were obtained for different gas mixtures and total gas pressures using an ultraviolet (UV) monochromator. The influence of the gas mixture, chlorine gas concentration, total gas pressure, and buffer gas dependence of the UV intensity has been investigated using chemical actinometry. Conversion efficiencies (from input electrical to output optical energy) as high as 15% can be achieved under optimal conditions. This low-cost and high-power excimer lamp system can provide an interesting alternative to conventional UV lamps for industrial large-scale UV processes.
Numerical Study of Stiff Diaphragm Walls Used to Improve the Performance of Rocking Foundation Systems (2019)

This research explores the effectiveness of the use of stiff diaphragm walls next to a rocking foundation through numerical simulation. This improvement technique is used as a means to increase in subsoil peripheral confinement and reduce rocking-induced settlement. The numerical model was verified by the centrifuge test of rocking shallow foundations on clay under cyclic loading. A parametric study was conducted to explore the effect of three stiff wall shapes on the performance of a rocking system. The general conclusion of the parametric investigation is that the use of stiff diaphragm walls reduced the sinking-dominated settlement response of the rocking system.
A practical guide on the use of electroless coatings for EMI shielding (1994)

Over recent years there has been an increasing trend to replace metals with plastics in the manufacture of computers, business and industrial machines, automotive and telecommunications components and other electronic equipment. Economics is usually the driving force due to the trend toward miniaturisation and more complex designs. A consequence of taking advantage of the full function design flexibility of plastics is increased susceptibility to EMI/RFI due to the inherent dielectric nature of the plastic itself. It has been necessary therefore, to develop shielding techniques to protect the sensitive electronic devices from any external interference while at the same time preventing any interference being emitted from the device to adversely react with other adjacent equipment. In selecting the correct shielding technology several key issues must be considered, coating uniformity, resistance to environmental exposure as well as shielding capability. Electroless coatings are now one method extensively used as an effective shield on plastic substrates. This paper discusses the practical use of electroless coatings to meet EMC regulations.
PHENOLIC EXTRACTIVES IN LATERAL BRANCHES AND INJURED LEADERS OF PINUS STROBUS L. (1966)

Phenolic extractives were shown to occupy the greatest cross-sectional area in bases of lateral branches of Pinus strobus at or within 1–4 years after needle loss. The cross-sectional area of the extractive-containing wood in lateral branches decreased as the branch weathered. Phenolic extractives were absent from most weevil-killed leaders, but present in nearly one-half of the leaders killed by causes other than weeviling and in bases of all dead suppressed coterminals examined.
Reflectivity Spectrum of Trigonal Selenium in the Vacuum Ultraviolet (1968)

First Page
Humeral Hemiarthroplasty With Biologic Resurfacing of the Glenoid and Acromion for Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy (2004)

Symptomatic rotator cuff tear arthropathy remains one of the most challenging entities in shoulder reconstruction. The appropriate surgical treatment of this patient population is highly controversial. However, it is clear that the primary goal in treating these patients remains durable and reproducible pain relief. We present here our rationale, indications, technique, and results for anatomic humeral hemiarthroplasty combined with biologic resurfacing of both the glenoid and acromion in patients with cuff tear arthropathy.
Case 17-1978 (1978)

Presentation of CaseA 44-year-old electrician from Nantucket was admitted to the hospital because of hemoptysis and renal failure.He was well until seven years earlier, when he had an anterolateral myocardial infarct. He recovered except for occasional dyspnea and episodes of anterior chest pain. Three months before admission, during a trip to Guadeloupe, diarrhea and abdominal distress occurred for one day. One week before entry, on return from a trip to Puerto Rico, he began to complain of a productive cough, with rise of the temperature to 38.9°C. An x-ray film of the chest (Fig. 1), taken at another . . .
Prompting PaLM for Translation: Assessing Strategies and Performance (2022)

Large language models (LLMs) that have been trained on multilingual but not parallel text exhibit a remarkable ability to translate between languages. We probe this ability in an in-depth study of the pathways language model (PaLM), which has demonstrated the strongest machine translation (MT) performance among similarly-trained LLMs to date. We investigate various strategies for choosing translation examples for few-shot prompting, concluding that example quality is the most important factor. Using optimized prompts, we revisit previous assessments of PaLM's MT capabilities with more recent test sets, modern MT metrics, and human evaluation, and find that its performance, while impressive, still lags that of state-of-the-art supervised systems. We conclude by providing an analysis of PaLM's MT output which reveals some interesting properties and prospects for future work.
Finite element simulation of the film spallation process induced by the pulsed laser peening (2003)

The laser spallation technique for measuring the interface strength between a coating and a substrate is similar to laser shock peening, in which the stress wave induced by laser shock cause debond on the interface between a hard coating with micron thickness and a metal substrate. According to the modified experiment setup of the laser spallation technique, finite element analysis simulated the process of the film spallation by taking the laser loading as a direct input. We presented a numerical model of finite element that the laser spallation process includes two related, but uncoupled procedures. One was transient heat transfer in a two-layer medium. The other was the related transient elastic wave propagation in the same two-layer media, which was the result of the thermal misfit by transient heating. Based on the threshold of film spallation, we analyzed the process of laser shocking to study the propagation of stress wave and evaluate the spall resistance of sputtered films. The analysis result showed the dynamic adhesive strength of the interface between the TiN coating and the 304 stainless steel substrate was 193.0 MPa.
Optical coherence tomography: A new tool for glaucoma diagnosis (1995)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel technique that allows cross-sectional imaging of the anterior and posterior eye. OCT has a resolution of approximately 10 microns, with extremely high sensitivity (approximately 10(-10) of incident light). OCT is analogous to computed tomography, which uses x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, which uses spin resonance, or B-scan ultrasound, which uses sound waves, but OCT uses only light to derive its image. OCT is a noncontact, noninvasive system by which retinal substructure may be analyzed in vivo. OCT is useful in the evaluation of retinal pathologies and glaucoma. In retinal disease, entities such as macular holes, macular edema, central serous chorioretinopathy, retinal vascular occlusion and other factors have been examined. Separation between the posterior vitreous and retina, or lack thereof, are seen and quantitated. In glaucoma, retinal nerve fiber layer (NFL) thickness is measured at standardized locations around the optic nerve head. A circular scan produces a cylindrical cross-section of the retina, from which the NFL can be analyzed. In addition, radial scans through the optic nerve head are used to evaluate cupping and juxtapapillary NFL thickness. OCT, a new imaging technology by which the anterior and posterior segment are seen in cross-section, may permit the early diagnosis of glaucoma, and the early detection of glaucomatous progression.
Batch and continuous spouted bed drying of cereal grains: The thermal equilibrium model (1992)

Abstract A complete set of equations with no adjustable parameters are written for numerically predicting the variation of grain temperature and moisture content with time for batch drying of well mixed deep beds of three cereal grains, as well as the exit grain and air moisture contents and temperatures for continuous drying. Unlike previous studies, the surface moisture content of the grains is not assumed constant. Agreement with both batch and continuous spouted bed drying data from the literature is good, in the continuous case especially when the assumed exit age distribution of the isothermal bed solids is specific to spouting.
The von Economo neurons in the frontoinsular and anterior cingulate cortex (2011)

The von Economo neurons (VENs) are large bipolar neurons located in the frontoinsular cortex (FI) and limbic anterior (LA) area in great apes and humans but not in other primates. Our stereological counts of VENs in FI and LA show them to be more numerous in humans than in apes. In humans, small numbers of VENs appear the 36th week postconception, with numbers increasing during the first 8 months after birth. There are significantly more VENs in the right hemisphere in postnatal brains; this may be related to asymmetries in the autonomic nervous system. VENs are also present in elephants and whales and may be a specialization related to very large brain size. The large size and simple dendritic structure of these projection neurons suggest that they rapidly send basic information from FI and LA to other parts of the brain, while slower neighboring pyramids send more detailed information. Selective destruction of VENs in early stages of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) implies that they are involved in empathy, social awareness, and self-control, consistent with evidence from functional imaging.
High temperature spectroscopy of ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond (2023)

We study the spectroscopy of an ensemble of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond at high temperatures between room temperature and 700K under high vacuum conditions. Spin resonances are studied using optical detection of magnetic resonance (ODMR), and optical spectroscopy is employed to study radiative transitions. Upon increasing the temperature, the intensity of radiative decay in visible and infrared decreased. In addition, the ODMR resonance frequencies were decreased, and the phonon line emission shifted to higher wavelengths. Density functional theory calculation of the zero-field splitting parameter (D) revealed that thermal expansion is not enough to explain the shift in the ODMR frequencies. Fitting the measured intensity of photo-luminescence with the theoretical predictions of the Mott–Seitz model yields the value of 0.22eV for the energy barrier associated with nonradiative decay.
A method for studying lymphatic pumping activity in conscious and anaesthetized sheep. (1986)

A 20 cm length of the main mesenteric lymph duct in the sheep was cannulated at both ends and measurements were made in both conscious and anaesthetized animals of the ability of the duct to pump saline from an inflow reservoir to an outflow at the same height. Fluid was propelled only when the lymphatic contracted and this was unaffected by movements of the animal round the cage or by fluctuations in abdominal pressure or by respiratory movements. It was confirmed that the mesenteric duct was 'isolated' from the rest of the lymphatic system by closing the inflow tap whereupon fluid propulsion ceased. Raising transmural pressure by varying inflow and outflow by the same amount had the effect of increasing fluid output; this was achieved by an increase in both the frequency and force of lymphatic contractions. Lymphatic frequency of contraction and fluid output increased when the animals were frightened. Intravenous infusions of noradrenaline increased the frequency of lymphatic contraction and increased fluid propulsion, while isoprenaline infusions depressed flow. This preparation demonstrates that it is possible to study the control of lymphatic pumping in conscious sheep without the complication of changing rates of lymph formation.
Impact of BOX Scaling on 30 nm Gate Length FD SOI MOSFETs (2006)

This paper presents the first demonstration of ultra-thin BOX FD SOI devices with nominal gate length of 30 nm. The characteristics of FD SOI MOSFETs are investigated in detail as T/sub BOX/ is varied from 5 nm to 145 nm. In addition, optimum design regions of T/sub BOX/ for achieving performance requirements are demonstrated.