gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
α-Keto Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, An Enzyme That Catalyzes the Enzymic Oxidation of Methylglyoxal to Pyruvate (1967)

An enzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of methylglyoxal to pyruvic acid was partially purified from aqueous extracts of sheep liver acetone powders.NAD+ or NADP+ was necessary for the oxidation.Changes in methylglyoxal, pyruvate, and pyridine nucleotide were stoichiometrically equivalent.Of various carbonyl-containing compounds tested, only oc-keto aldehydes were substrates.Enzyme activity was found only in the supernatant fraction of liver cells.Evidence is presented that the conversion of methylglyoxal to pyruvate was direct and did not involve its preliminary conversion to lactate.Activity increased up to pH 10.4 with no indication of a pH optimum.
Lithium-Ion Cell Nail Penetration Safety Experiments under Adiabatic Conditions (2014)

Nail penetration tests under adiabatic conditions are proposed as a new safety test method to simulate a short circuit caused by intrusion in the worst case scenario, i.e., adiabatic conditions. The behaviors of commercially available 18650 type lithium-ion cells with two different cell chemistries, LiNi 0.33 Co 0.33 Mn 0.33 O 2 - LiCoO 2 blend (NCM-LCO blend) vs. graphite and LiFePO 4 (LFP) vs. graphite, were investigated at different states of charge (SoC). The results show a small standard deviation for the temperature and pressure measurements from five identical experiments. The detailed examination of the nail penetration experiments reveals differences in the safety properties of the cathode materials (LFP vs. NCM-LCO), separator types (PP PE PP trilayer vs. PE single layer) and electrode designs (high power vs. high energy). For both cell types, the observed cooling effect at high energy contents could be linked to an increased gas production due to the loss of electrolyte.
Clinical observations, biochemical data, and postmortem and histopathologic findings in young dairy calves fed zeolite clinoptilolite binder combined with milk replacer (2008)

Even under stressful conditions, clinoptilolite fed at low or high dosages did not affect the performance of dairy calves and had no negative effect on WBC count and blood metabolite concentrations and enzyme activities. Clinoptilolite ingestion was not associated with treatment-specific gross changes.
Integrin signaling in leukocytes: lessons from the α6β1 integrin (1997)

The adhesive interactions of leukocytes with basement membrane components and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are mediated largely by the integrin family of receptors. These interactions can be regulated by various effector molecules including chemokines, growth factors, and other cell surface proteins by a mechanism termed inside-out signaling of integrin function. On engagement by their ligands, integrins activate a wide range of signaling pathways that regulate a broad array of leukocyte functions such as chemotaxis, cytokine responsiveness, phagocytosis, and gene expression. This review highlights recent advances in the understanding of integrin signaling in leukocytes with an emphasis on our own work on the alpha6beta1 integrin, the major laminin receptor expressed by these cells.
Functional magnetic particle imaging (fMPI) of cerebrovascular changes in the rat brain during hypercapnia (2023)

<i>Objective.</i>Non-invasive functional brain imaging modalities are limited in number, each with its own complex trade-offs between sensitivity, spatial and temporal resolution, and the directness with which the measured signals reflect neuronal activation. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) directly maps the cerebral blood volume (CBV), and its high sensitivity derives from the nonlinear magnetization of the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION) tracer confined to the blood pool. Our work evaluates functional MPI (fMPI) as a new hemodynamic functional imaging modality by mapping the CBV response in a rodent model where CBV is modulated by hypercapnic breathing manipulation.<i>Approach.</i>The rodent fMPI time-series data were acquired with a mechanically rotating field-free line MPI scanner capable of 5 s temporal resolution and 3 mm spatial resolution. The rat's CBV was modulated for 30 min with alternating 5 min hyper-/hypocapnic states, and processed using conventional fMRI tools. We compare our results to fMRI responses undergoing similar hypercapnia protocols found in the literature, and reinforce this comparison in a study of one rat with 9.4T BOLD fMRI using the identical protocol.<i>Main results.</i>The initial image in the time-series showed mean resting brain voxel SNR values, averaged across rats, of 99.9 following the first 10 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>SPION injection and 134 following the second. The time-series fit a conventional General Linear Model with a 15%-40% CBV change and a peak pixel CNR between 12 and 29, 2-6× higher than found in fMRI.<i>Significance.</i>This work introduces a functional modality with high sensitivity, although currently limited spatial and temporal resolution. With future clinical-scale development, a large increase in sensitivity could supplement other modalities and help transition functional brain imaging from a neuroscience tool focusing on population averages to a clinically relevant modality capable of detecting differences in individual patients.
Developmental pathways in colon cancer (2012)

A hallmark of cancer is reactivation/alteration of pathways that control cellular differentiation during developmental processes. Evidence indicates that WNT, Notch, BMP and Hedgehog pathways have a role in normal epithelial cell differentiation, and that alterations in these pathways accompany establishment of the tumorigenic state. Interestingly, there is recent evidence that these pathways are intertwined at the molecular level, and these nodes of intersection may provide opportunities for effective targeted therapies. This review will highlight the role of the WNT, Notch, BMP and Hedgehog pathways in colon cancer.
GLP-1 Secretion Is Increased by Inflammatory Stimuli in an IL-6–Dependent Manner, Leading to Hyperinsulinemia and Blood Glucose Lowering (2014)

Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are both predictors for adverse outcome in critically ill patients. Hyperinsulinemia is induced by inflammatory stimuli as a relevant mechanism for glucose lowering in the critically ill. The incretine hormone GLP-1 was currently found to be induced by endotoxin, leading to insulin secretion and glucose lowering under inflammatory conditions in mice. Here, we describe GLP-1 secretion to be increased by a variety of inflammatory stimuli, including endotoxin, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6. Although abrogation of IL-1 signaling proved insufficient to prevent endotoxin-dependent GLP-1 induction, this was abolished in the absence of IL-6 in respective knockout animals. Hence, we found endotoxin-dependent GLP-1 secretion to be mediated by an inflammatory cascade, with IL-6 being necessary and sufficient for GLP-1 induction. Functionally, augmentation of the GLP-1 system by pharmacological inhibition of DPP-4 caused hyperinsulinemia, suppression of glucagon release, and glucose lowering under endotoxic conditions, whereas inhibition of the GLP-1 receptor led to the opposite effect. Furthermore, total GLP-1 plasma levels were profoundly increased in 155 critically ill patients presenting to the intensive care unit (ICU) in comparison with 134 healthy control subjects. In the ICU cohort, GLP-1 plasma levels correlated with markers of inflammation and disease severity. Consequently, GLP-1 provides a novel link between the immune system and the gut with strong relevance for metabolic regulation in context of inflammation.
Comparison of X-31 flight, wind-tunnel, and water-tunnel yawing moment asymmetries at high angles of attack (1994)

The X-31 aircraft are being used in the enhanced fighter maneuverability (EFM) research program, which is jointly funded by the (U.S.) Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) and Germany's Federal Ministry of Defense (FMOD). The flight test portion of the program, which involves two aircraft, is being conducted by an International Test Organization (ITO) comprising the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Air Force, Rockwell International, and Deutsche Aerospace (DASA). The goals of the flight program are to demonstrate EFM technologies, investigate close-in-combat exchange ratios, develop design requirements, build a database for application to future fighter aircraft, and develop and validate low-cost prototype concepts. For longitudinal control the X-31 uses canards, symmetrical movement of the trailing-edge flaps, and pitch deflection of the thrust vectoring system. The trim, inertial coupling, and engine gyroscopic coupling compensation tasks are performed primarily by the trailing-edge flaps. For lateral-directional control the aircraft uses differential deflection of the trailing-edge flaps for roll coordination and a conventional rudder combined with the thrust vectoring system to provide yaw control. The rudder is only effective up to about 40 deg angle of attack (alpha), after which the thrust vectoring becomes the primary yaw control effector. Both the leading-edge flaps and the inlet lip are scheduled with the angle of attack to provide best performance.
Two-Dimensional Constrained Coding Based on Tiling (2010)

A new variable-rate coding technique is presented for two-dimensional (2-D) constraints. For certain constraints, such as the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(0, 2)</i> -runlength-limited (RLL) and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(3,¿)</i> -RLL constraints, the technique is shown to improve on previously published lower bounds on the capacity of the constraint.
Photorefractive Holography With Multiple Quantum Well Devices Using Light Emitting Diodes (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Tziraki, R. Jones, P. M. W. French, K. M. Kwolek, D. D. Nolte, and M. R. Melloch, "Photorefractive Holography With Multiple Quantum Well Devices Using Light Emitting Diodes," in Biomedical Optics, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper ASuB2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Autoimmune syndrome after induction of neonatal tolerance to alloantigens. CD4+ T cells from the tolerant host activate autoreactive F1 B cells. (1989)

The induction of transplantation tolerance to H-2b alloantigens in BALB/c (H-2d) mice by neonatal injection of (C57BL/6 x BALB/c)F1 spleen cells, produces an autoimmune lupus-like syndrome due to an activation of persisting F1 donor B cells. This syndrome is characterized by hypergammaglobulinaemia, high levels of anti-DNA antibodies, as well as by circulating immune complexes and glomerular deposits of Ig. The role of host T cells in this model was investigated by using athymic BALB/c nu/nu mice as recipients of normal (C57BL/6 x BALB.Igb)F1 spleen cells. In these "tolerized" BALB/c nu/nu mice, there was a persistence of F1 donor B cells but none of the autoimmune features were expressed, conversely to tolerized BALB/c nu/+ littermates. The injection of CD4+CD8- T lymphocytes from adult normal BALB/c mice in 3-wk-old tolerized BALB/c nu/nu mice triggered the appearance of all the autoimmune findings observed in euthymic tolerant mice. The autoantibodies were produced by persisting F1 donor B cells as shown by allotype analysis. More strikingly, a similar triggering of the autoimmune syndrome, including high titers of anti-DNA IgG antibodies and circulating immune complexes, was observed after injection of CD4+CD8- T cells from 2-wk-old tolerant BALB/c mice into "tolerized" BALB/c nu/nu mice. The anti-ssDNA antibodies were shown to bear only the Ighb allotype, indicating their exclusive origin from F1 donor B cells. These results imply that CD4+ T cells from the tolerant mice are necessary for the activation of autoreactive F1 B cells and for the development of the autoimmune syndrome occurring in this model. They also suggest that, although there is a marked depletion of H-2b-specific alloreactive CTL precursors in those neonatally tolerized mice, this state of tolerance can be associated with the persistence of H-2b-specific alloreactive CD4+ cells.
LEIA: Leitura, Informática e Acessibilidade (2019)

O Programa LEIA envolve acoes de Extensao com a realizacao de oficinas, projetos, cursos (presenciais e em EAD), abrangendo a leitura, a informacao e a acessibilidade, propiciando a cidadania e a inclusao social para a comunidade interna e externa da UFRGS. O Programa tem como objetivo geral propiciar espacos, acoes e atividades de capacitacao para a mediacao de leitura.
BOMB DESTROYS PAN AM 747 IN BLAST OVER SCOTLAND (1989)

On December 21, 1988 Pan American Flight 103 was destroyed by a bomb. Fatalities included 259 passengers and crew and 11 persons on the ground in the town of Lockerbie, Scotland. Investigation revealed traces of a high-performance plastic explosive. The aircraft was apparently cruising normally at 31,000 ft. when the explosion occurred. The aircraft broke into at least five major parts. One part, the right wing of the aircraft, was not located and may have been blown into the ocean or into rugged hill country. A sizeable part of the aircraft's tail surfaces also was not located. The accident investigation team is presently trying to determine how the airframe came apart and what systems were affected.
Novel Fluorous Prolinol as a Pre‐Catalyst for Catalytic Asymmetic Borane Reduction of Various Ketones. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Satisfactory short‐term outcome after anlotinib and docetaxel chemotherapy in tongue cancer with N3 cervical lymph node metastasis: A case report (2019)

Patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and cervical lymph node metastasis are particularly difficult to treat. This is the first report of about anlotinib combined with docetaxel chemotherapy for chemotherapy-refractory TSCC with cervical lymph node metastasis, may provide a new, suitable therapeutic option for these patients.
Condylar Displacement Recordings as an Analog of Mandibular Movements (1968)

Volumetric change within the external auditory meatus was found to be a linear function of human jaw position in the vertical and horizontal planes of space. A technic for recording the change eliminated the need for the insertion of foreign objects into the mouth for the study of dynamic jaw function.
A mammographic dilemma: calcification or haemosiderin as a cause of opacities? Validation of a new digital diagnostic tool (2001)

Core biopsies of an area of microcalcification demonstrated large collections of macrophages containing haemosiderin, with evidence of minimal microcalcification on H&E staining. Algorithms were developed that were capable of differentiating with high accuracy those signs due to calcification, using quantitative measurements such as the apparent volume composition of calcium. Using the linear attenuation coefficients of calcification and assuming an ellipsoid model for the 3-dimensional shape of calcification, we computed the relative calcification volume for each region of interest. The difference in the linear attenuation coefficients of iron and calcification allowed the two to be differentiated on a mammogram based on this measure of relative calcification volume.
Regularized Classification-Aware Quantization (2021)

Traditionally, quantization is designed to minimize the reconstruction error of a data source. When considering downstream classification tasks, other measures of distortion can be of interest; such as the 0-1 classification loss. Furthermore, it is desirable that the performance of these quantizers not deteriorate once they are deployed into production, as relearning the scheme online is not always possible. In this work, we present a class of algorithms that learn distributed quantization schemes for binary classification tasks. Our method performs well on unseen data, and is faster than previous methods proportional to a quadratic term of the dataset size. It works by regularizing the 0-1 loss with the reconstruction error. We present experiments on synthetic mixture and bivariate Gaussian data and compare training, testing, and generalization errors with a family of benchmark quantization schemes from the literature. Our method is called Regularized Classification-Aware Quantization.
Simulation Study on the Distillation of Hyper-Pseudoazeotropic HI–I2–H2O Mixture (2011)

The iodine–sulfur thermochemical water splitting process (I–S process) is considered to be one of the most promising clean and large-scale hydrogen production approaches. In the I–S process, the HI distillation step is considerably energy intensive, the heat of which largely affects the overall efficiency of hydrogen production. The present study explored the efficient operating parameters of the distillation column by process simulation assuming the feed solution of hyper-pseudoazeotropic composition which was obtainable by electro–electrodialysis. The Environmental Simulation Program (ESP), the chemical simulation software, was used for the simulation. At first, the vapor–liquid equilibrium database was validated using experimental data reported so far. Then, sensitivity analyses of the operating parameters were carried out, comprised of the HI mole fraction in the distillate, number of stages, feed location of the column, operating pressure, and feed composition. On the basis of the results of the sensitivity analyses, the optimum operation conditions were discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMICAL HYDROGEN EVOLUTION FROM ALKALINE SOLUTION OF ALKYLAMMONIUM ISOPOLYVANADATE (1984)

Abstract Lösungen von Isopropylammoniumpolyvanadat erzeugen im pH‐Bereich 8‐10.5 bei Bestrahlung mit UV‐Licht (500 W Xe‐Lampe) H 2 mit einem Maximum bei pH 9.5.
Microglial Phagocytosis of Fibrillar β-Amyloid through a β1Integrin-Dependent Mechanism (2004)

Microglia are the principle immune effector and phagocytic cells in the CNS. These cells are associated with fibrillar beta-amyloid (fAbeta)-containing plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. The plaque-associated microglia undergo a phenotypic conversion into an activated phenotype and are responsible for the development of a focal inflammatory response that exacerbates and accelerates the disease process. Paradoxically, despite the presence of abundant activated microglia in the brain of AD patients, these cells fail to mount a phagocytic response to Abeta deposits but can efficiently phagocytose Abeta fibrils and plaques in vitro. We report that exposure of microglia to fAbeta in vitro induces phagocytosis through mechanisms distinct from those used by the classical phagocytic receptors, the Ig receptors (FcRgammaI and FcgammaRIII) or complement receptors. Microglia interact with fAbeta through a recently characterized Abeta cell surface receptor complex comprising the B-class scavenger receptor CD36, alpha6beta1 integrin, and CD47 (integrin-associated protein). Antagonists specific for each component of the receptor complex blocks fAbeta-stimulated phagocytosis. These data demonstrated that engagement of this ensemble of receptors is required for induction of phagocytosis. The phagocytic response stimulated by this receptor complex is driven principally by a beta(1) integrin-linked process that is morphologically and mechanistically distinct from the classical type I and type II phagocytic mechanisms. These data provide evidence for phagocytic uptake of fAbeta through a receptor-mediated, nonclassical phagocytic mechanism.
A Comparison of Renal Damage Induced by Varying Modes of Shock Wave Generation (1991)

To evaluate for the possible differences in the extent of pathologic injury occurring following treatment with various lithotripsy modalities, we subjected rabbits to treatment on either an electrohydraulic, electromechanical, or piezoelectric lithotripter. Functional evaluations by enzymuria failed to reveal any difference in the extent of damage between the lithotripters. Pathologic evaluation of the kidneys revealed that both electrohydraulic and electromechanical lithotripsy resulted in an increased instance of acute subcapsular hematoma and fibrosis when compared to piezoelectric treated kidneys (p less than 0.001). Despite the definitive differences noted in the acute animals, there was no significant variation in the area of permanent renal damage that occurred between the various lithotripters.
Enhanced DC-Operated Electroluminescence of Forwardly Aligned   p/MQW/n InGaN Nanorod LEDs via DC Offset-AC Dielectrophoresis (2017)

We introduce an orientation-controlled alignment process of p-GaN/InGaN multiquantum-well/n-GaN (p/MQW/n InGaN) nanorod light-emitting diodes (LEDs) by applying the direct current (DC) offset-alternating current (AC) or pulsed DC electric fields across interdigitated metal electrodes. The as-forwardly aligned p/MQW/n InGaN nanorod LEDs by a pulsed DC dielectrophoresis (DEP) assembly process improve the electroluminescence (EL) intensities by 1.8 times compared to the conventional AC DEP assembly process under DC electric field operation and exhibit an enhanced applied current and EL brightness in the current-voltage and EL intensity-voltage curves, which can be directly used as the fundamental data to construct DC-operated nanorod LED devices, such as LED areal surface lightings, scalable lightings (micrometers to inches) and formable surface lightings. The enhancement in the applied current, the improved EL intensity, and the increased number of forwardly aligned p/MQW/n InGaN nanorods in panchromatic cathodoluminescence images confirm the considerable enhancement of forwardly aligned one-dimensional nanorod LEDs between two opposite electrodes using DC offset-AC or a pulsed DC electric field DEP assembly process. These DC offset-AC or pulsed DC electric field DEP assembly processes suggest that designing for these types of interactions could yield new ways to control the orientation of asymmetric p/MQW/n InGaN diode-type LED nanorods with a relatively low aspect ratio.
Flow in a model of the SSME main injector bowl (1989)

Mean-flow and turbulence quantities obtained in a 32-percent acrylic model of the SSME main injector bowl are presented. Flow visualization obtained with laser sheets and conventional photography shows the basic patterns and identifies regions of recirculating flow. Measurements of mean-flow and turbulence normal stresses are obtained with laser velocimetry to confirm these results and to quantify flow characteristics in the inlet ducts, entrance region, racetrack, LOX-post bundle, and exit nozzle. Measured velocity distributions show the upstream effect of the injector bowl in the transfer ducts, the plenum effect of the racetrack and LOX-post bundle, and the nonuniform distribution of flow into the main exit nozzle.