gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of a novel, high-density, high-speed 10 kV SiC MOSFET module (2017)

High-density packaging of fast-switching power semiconductors typically requires low thermal resistance and parasitic inductance. High-density packaging of high-voltage semiconductors, such as 10 kV SiC MOSFETs, has the added challenge of maintaining low electric field concentration in order to prevent premature dielectric breakdown. This work proposes a wire-bond-less, sandwich structure with embedded decoupling capacitors and stacked ceramic substrates in order to realize a high-density module capable of high-speed switching with low electric field concentration and EMI. This is the first time that these advanced packaging techniques have been applied to a 10 kV SiC MOSFET module.
Concanavalin A and mistletoe lectin I differentially activate cation entry and exocytosis in human neutrophils: lectins may activate multiple subtypes of cation channels (1996)

The mannose-specific lectin, concanavalin A (ConA), activates Ca2+ entry in human neutrophils by an as yet poorly defined mechanism. The question of whether the sugar specificity of lectins influences signal transduction is unresolved too. Therefore, we studied the effects of ConA in comparison to those of the beta-galactoside-specific lectin, mistletoe lectin I (MLI), on cation entry and exocytosis in human neutrophils. ConA- and MLI-activated influx of Ca2+, Mn2+, Ba2+, Sr2+, and Na+. Lectin-induced cation influxes were inhibited by 1-(beta-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy]-4-methoxy-phenethyl) -1H-imidazole hydrochloride (SK&F 96365) and Gd3+. There were differences in the effectiveness of lectins to activate cation entry and of SK&F 96365, Gd3+, and modulators of protein phosphorylation to block entry. MLI but not ConA inhibited thapsigargin-induced Ca2+ entry. Under whole-cell voltage-clamp conditions, MLI activated an inward current that was substantially reduced by removal of extracellular Na+. ConA and MLI synergistically activated Ca2+ entry and lysozyme release. SK&F 96365 and removal of extracellular Ca2+ and Na+ partially inhibited exocytosis. Our data show the following: (1) ConA and MLI activate monovalent and divalent cation entry in human neutrophils by a SK&F 96365- and Gd3+-sensitive pathway, presumably nonselective cation channels. (2) Ca2+ and Na+ entry are involved in the activation of exocytosis by lectins. (3) The differential and/or synergistic effects of ConA and MLI on cation entry and exocytosis may be attributable to mannose- and beta-galactoside-specific activation of signal transduction pathways, i.e., activation of multiple and differentially regulated subtypes of nonselective cation channels.
An 8-Way Combined E-Band Power Amplifier with 24 dBm Psat and 12% PAE in 0.12 μm SiGe (2018)

This paper presents a fully-integrated 8-way combined power amplifier designed in 0.12 μm SiGe BiCMOS and working in the frequency range of 60-75 GHz. The 8-way combined PA uses reactive transmission line impedance transformation networks to combine power from 8 common-emitter based PA unit cells. The breakout of a single PA achieves a saturated output power of 16.1 dBm and a peak PAE of 16.5%. The 8-way combined power amplifier achieves 24 dBm saturated output power and 12% peak PAE. Modulated signals with data rates up to 32 Gb/s are passed through both PA's and measurements of EVM and PAE versus average output power for a IGBaud 64-QAM modulated signal are presented.
Ejection of Solvated Ions from Electrosprayed Methanol/Water Nanodroplets Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulations (2011)

The ejection of solvated small ions from nanometer-sized droplets plays a central role during electrospray ionization (ESI). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can provide insights into the nanodroplet behavior. Earlier MD studies have largely focused on aqueous systems, whereas most practical ESI applications involve the use of organic cosolvents. We conduct simulations on mixed water/methanol droplets that carry excess NH(4)(+) ions. Methanol is found to compromise the H-bonding network, resulting in greatly increased rates of ion ejection and solvent evaporation. Considerable differences in the water and methanol escape rates cause time-dependent changes in droplet composition. Segregation occurs at low methanol concentration, such that layered droplets with a methanol-enriched periphery are formed. This phenomenon will enhance the partitioning of analyte molecules, with possible implications for their ESI efficiencies. Solvated ions are ejected from the tip of surface protrusions. Solvent bridging prior to ion secession is more extensive for methanol/water droplets than for purely aqueous systems. The ejection of solvated NH(4)(+) is visualized as diffusion-mediated escape from a metastable basin. The process involves thermally activated crossing of a ~30 kJ mol(-1) free energy barrier, in close agreement with the predictions of the classical ion evaporation model.
Meeting The Challenges of Future Automotive HMI Design: An Overview of the AIDE Integrated Project (2004)

The general objective of the AIDE (Adaptive Integrated Driver-vehicle InterfacE) Integrated Project, funded within the EU 6th Framework Programme (FP6), is to develop human machine interaction (HMI) methodologies and technologies for the safe and efficient integration of driver assistance and information systems (including nomad devices) in future vehicles. The present paper identifies some major challenges for HMI designers of future invehicle systems, and describes how these challenges will be addressed by the AIDE project.
Insertion and/or deletion of many repeated DNA sequences in human and higher ape evolution. (1986)

The total numbers of copies of two repeat families, L1 (Kpn I) and Alu, have been measured in the DNA of four higher apes by an accurate titration method. The number of members of the Alu family repeats in the four genomes are as follows: human, 910,000; chimpanzee, 330,000; gorilla, 410,000; orangutan, 580,000. For the Kpn I family (3'-ward higher frequency region) the number of copies in these genomes are as follows: human, 107,000; chimpanzee, 51,000; gorilla, 64,000; orangutan, 84,000. Thermal stability measurements show that, although the families of repeats are moderately divergent in sequence, little net sequence change has occurred during the evolution of the higher apes. Most or all of the members of these families of repeats are interspersed throughout the genome. Therefore, a large number of events of insertion and/or deletion of these DNA sequences has occurred during higher primate evolution.
Cleaning of Protein-Coated Surfaces Using Nanobubbles: An Investigation Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (2008)

The use of nanobubbles as cleaning agents to remove bovine serum albumin from the solid−liquid interface has been investigated using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance to both qualitatively follow the production of nanobubbles and to quantify the adsorption to and removal of protein using nanobubbles from both hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. The protein is completely removed from both hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces using electrochemically produced nanobubbles after two and four cycles, respectively, of nanobubble production for 10 s periods. The cleaning efficiency compares favorably with treatment for 20 min with a common surfactant, SDS. As nanobubbles are easily produced electrochemically, this process forms the basis of a highly effective, rapid cleaning technique that is environmentally friendly and can be applied to any conducting substrate.
ZnO-organic hybrid white light emitting diodes grown on flexible plastic using low temperature aqueous chemical method (2010)

We demonstrate white light luminescence from ZnO-organic hybrid light emitting diodes grown at 90 °C on flexible plastic substrate by aqueous chemical growth. The configuration used for the ZnO-organic hybrid white light emitting diodes (WLEDs) consists of a layer of poly (9, 9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) on poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly (styrenesulfonate) coated plastic with top ZnO nanorods. Structural, electrical, and optical properties of these WLEDs were measured and analyzed. Room temperature electroluminescence spectrum reveals a broad emission band covering the range from 420 to 750 nm. In order to distinguish the white light components and contribution of the PFO layer we used a Gaussian function to simulate the experimental data. Color coordinates measurement of the WLED reveals that the emitted light has a white impression. The color rendering index and correlated color temperature of the WLED were calculated to be 68 and 5800 K, respectively.
Reliable stair climbing in the simple hexapod 'RHex' (2003)

RHex is a hexapod with compliant legs and only six actuated degrees of freedom. Its ability to traverse highly fractured and unstable terrain, as well ascend and descend a particular flight of stairs has already been documented. In this paper, we describe an open loop controller that enables our small robot (length: 51 cm, width: 20 cm, height: 12.7 cm, leg length: 16 cm) to reliably climb a wide range of regular, full-size stairs with no operator input during stair climbing. Experimental data of energy efficiency in a form of specific resistance during stair climbing is given. The results presented in this paper are based on a new half circle leg design that implements a passive, effective leg length change.
ChemInform Abstract: A Comparative Suzuki Reaction of Aryl Halides Using a New Dimeric Orthopalladated Complex under Conventional and Microwave Irradiation Conditions. (2013)

Abstract A new catalytic system for a rapid Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction is developed.
E1A Sensitizes Cells to Tumor Necrosis Factor-induced Apoptosis through Inhibition of IκB Kinases and Nuclear Factor κB Activities (1999)

The adenovirus E1A protein has been implicated in increasing cellular susceptibility to apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF); however, its mechanism of action is still unknown. Since activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) has been shown to play an anti-apoptotic role in TNF-induced apoptosis, we examined apoptotic susceptibility and NF-kappaB activation induced by TNF in the E1A transfectants and their parental cells. Here, we reported that E1A inhibited activation of NF-kappaB and rendered cells more sensitive to TNF-induced apoptosis. We further showed that this inhibition was through suppression of IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity and IkappaB phosphorylation. Moreover, deletion of the p300 and Rb binding domains of E1A abolished its function in blocking IKK activity and IkappaB phosphorylation, suggesting that these domains are essential for the E1A function in down-regulating IKK activity and NF-kappaB signaling. However, the role of E1A in inhibiting IKK activity might be indirect. Nevertheless, our results suggest that inhibition of IKK activity by E1A is an important mechanism for the E1A-mediated sensitization of TNF-induced apoptosis.
Pulmonary infarction in acute pulmonary embolism: reversed halo sign (2014)

A 24-year-old female patient was admitted with symptoms of right lower limb swelling, shortness of breath and dry cough of 1 week duration. There was no history of fever, chest pain, oral contraceptive use, smoking or underlying malignancy. On examination, heart rate was 100 beats per minute, respiratory rate was 24 breaths per minute while other vital signs and systemic examinations were normal except for swelling in the right lower limb. Oxygen saturation on room air was 94%. ECG showed sinus tachycardia. Lower …
Therapeutic Potentials for Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) Based upon Pharmacological Activities in the CNS (1996)

Since the discovery of the novel neurotrophic factor GDNF in 1993 [25], the molecule has received a great deal of attention from neuroscientists studying all aspects of neurotrophic factor physiology and pharmacology. GDNF instantly became a focus of basic research when it was discovered that GDNF was a potent neurotrophic factor for at least two diverse neuronal populations including dopaminergic neurons and motor neurons [25,47] magnitude. A comprehensive review of the pharmacology of GDNF and hypotheses concerning its possible clinical uses is presented. Based upon our current knowledge of GDNF's pharmacology, it appears that the molecule may be useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), other motor neuron diseases (MND) and cholinergic deficit-related dementia.
Optimal Electrical Stimulus for Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis (1972)

The most effective electrical stimulus to the calf muscles which prevents stasis in the soleal veins during operation was determined. This was subsequently used in a clinical trial and was shown to produce a 92% relative reduction in the incidence of deep vein thrombosis as determined by the (125)I-fibrinogen test.
Mechanism of Insulin Fibrillation (2004)

Insulin undergoes aggregation-coupled misfolding to form a cross-beta assembly. Such fibrillation has long complicated its manufacture and use in the therapy of diabetes mellitus. Of interest as a model for disease-associated amyloids, insulin fibrillation is proposed to occur via partial unfolding of a monomeric intermediate. Here, we describe the solution structure of human insulin under amyloidogenic conditions (pH 2.4 and 60 degrees C). Use of an enhanced sensitivity cryogenic probe at high magnetic field avoids onset of fibrillation during spectral acquisition. A novel partial fold is observed in which the N-terminal segments of the A- and B-chains detach from the core. Unfolding of the N-terminal alpha-helix of the A-chain exposes a hydrophobic surface formed by native-like packing of the remaining alpha-helices. The C-terminal segment of the B-chain, although not well ordered, remains tethered to this partial helical core. We propose that detachment of N-terminal segments makes possible aberrant protein-protein interactions in an amyloidogenic nucleus. Non-cooperative unfolding of the N-terminal A-chain alpha-helix resembles that observed in models of proinsulin folding intermediates and foreshadows the extensive alpha --> beta transition characteristic of mature fibrils.
CTXφ Replication Depends on the Histone-Like HU Protein and the UvrD Helicase (2015)

The Vibrio cholerae bacterium is the agent of cholera. The capacity to produce the cholera toxin, which is responsible for the deadly diarrhea associated with cholera epidemics, is encoded in the genome of a filamentous phage, CTXφ. Rolling-circle replication (RCR) is central to the life cycle of CTXφ because amplification of the phage genome permits its efficient integration into the genome and its packaging into new viral particles. A single phage-encoded HUH endonuclease initiates RCR of the proto-typical filamentous phages of enterobacteriaceae by introducing a nick at a specific position of the double stranded DNA form of the phage genome. The rest of the process is driven by host factors that are either essential or crucial for the replication of the host genome, such as the Rep SF1 helicase. In contrast, we show here that the histone-like HU protein of V. cholerae is necessary for the introduction of a nick by the HUH endonuclease of CTXφ. We further show that CTXφ RCR depends on a SF1 helicase normally implicated in DNA repair, UvrD, rather than Rep. In addition to CTXφ, we show that VGJφ, a representative member of a second family of vibrio integrative filamentous phages, requires UvrD and HU for RCR while TLCφ, a satellite phage, depends on Rep and is independent from HU.
Improving visual outcomes by preserving outer retina morphology in eyes with resolved pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (2014)

No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
Abstract SY20-02: Role of Polycomb repressors in stem cells, cancer, DNA repair and iPS cell reprogramming (2012)

Abstract Repressive Polycomb-group (Pc-G) protein complexes and the counteracting Trithorax-group (Trx-G) of nucleosome remodeling factors are involved in the dynamic maintenance of proper gene expression patterns during development, acting at the level of chromatin structure. As such, they are important controllers of cell fate. When deregulated, these master switches of gene expression are strongly implicated in formation of a diverse set of cancers, including leukemia, breast cancer, prostate cancer and glioblastoma. To identify critical Polycomb targets and pathways implicated in brain cancer we performed comprehensive Bmi1-ChIP-seq profiling of mouse and human glioma ‘stem-like’ cells followed by in vivo shRNAi-library screening. These studies revealed a critical cross-talk between the BMP/TGFβ signaling pathways and Bmi1 and also provided new candidate tumor suppressors and non-coding RNAs associated with gliomagenesis. Furthermore, we have characterized in detail an essential E3-ubiquitin ligase activity in the PRC1 Polycomb complex that consists of a functional Ring1B-Bmi1 heterodimer. This E3 ligase activity is required for maintenance of Polycomb repression in normal- and cancer stem cells and hence offers potential novel ways to target cancer stem cells or tumor reforming cells in which the activity of this E3 ligase is hyperactivated. This is further substantiated by dynamic regulation of the Ring1B.Bmi1 E3 ligase activity which also has implications for a novel link between Polycomb silencing and control of Double-Strand DNA repair. Lastly, our recent studies revealed an unanticipated important role for Polycomb repression in the process of cellular ‘iPS’ cell reprogramming. The implications of these findings for stem cell biology, development, and possibilities for new translational approaches to cancer will be discussed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY20-02. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-SY20-02
The Role of Antioxidant Structure in Mitigating Oxidation in Ti3C2Tx and Ti2CTx MXenes (2022)

Abstract The oxidation of 2D MXenes jeopardizes their shelf life, both in colloidal dispersions and in functional devices. Certain compounds have been shown to effectively mitigate oxidation of MXenes (such as sodium L‐ascorbate, ascorbic acid, and polyanions), but the nature of interaction between these antioxidants and MXene remains unknown, which impedes the future selection and design of improved protection. This work systematically examines the interactions between three classes of organic antioxidant candidates, α‐hydroxy acids, polycarboxylic acids, and phenols with Ti n +1 C n T x MXenes, specifically Ti 3 C 2 T x and Ti 2 CT x . Interestingly, while some antioxidants provide no protection for the MXenes, and some antioxidants even accelerate their degradation, three antioxidants (e.g., citric acid, tartaric acid, and oxalic acid) protect the MXene nanosheets exceptionally well, showing minimum MXene degradation after the 14‐day storage period. Analysis of the antioxidants’ molecular structure and efficacy suggests that chelation interactions with the transition metal atoms of the nanosheets play a key role in effective protection of MXenes from oxidation.
Learning to Divide and Conquer (2007)

Assume-guarantee reasoning is a “divide-and-conquer ” approach to the verification of large systems that makes use of assumptions about the environment of that system’s components. Developing appropriate assumptions used to be a difficult and manual process. Over the past five years, we have developed a framework for performing assume-guarantee verification of systems in an incremental and fully automated fashion. The framework uses an off-the-shelf learning algorithm to compute the assumptions. The assumptions are initially approximate and become more precise by means of counterexamples obtained by model checking components separately. The framework supports different assumeguarantee rules, both symmetric and non-symmetric. Moreover, we have recently introduced alphabet refinement, which extends the assumption learning process to also infer assumption alphabets. This refinement technique starts with assumption alphabets that are a subset of the minimal interface between a component and its environment, and adds actions to it as necessary until a given property is shown to hold or to be violated in the system. We have applied the learning framework to a number of case studies that show that compositional verification by learning assumptions can be significantly more scalable than non-compositional verification. 18 19
Off-policy Model-based Learning under Unknown Factored Dynamics (2015)

Off-policy learning in dynamic decision problems is essential for providing strong evidence that a new policy is better than the one in use. But how can we prove superiority without testing the new policy? To answer this question, we introduce the G-SCOPE algorithm that evaluates a new policy based on data generated by the existing policy. Our algorithm is both computationally and sample efficient because it greedily learns to exploit factored structure in the dynamics of the environment. We present a finite sample analysis of our approach and show through experiments that the algorithm scales well on high-dimensional problems with few samples.
Wavelength tuning of surface plasmon resonance using dielectric layers on silver island films (2003)

A simple and effective method was demonstrated to tune surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wavelength of silver island films by introducing a dielectric medium to vary interisland dielectric constant. The medium, either overcoating or sandwiching the silver islands, can make a dramatic effect on the tunability. We had extended the SPR wavelength tunability of standard silver island film substrates from 432 to 482 nm to 506 to 1310 nm using two dielectric layering methods. A generalized Maxwell–Garnett theory was applied to interpret these results.
Analyse Factorielle Discriminante Multi-voie (2013)

L'analyse factorielle discriminante est étendue aux données multi-voie, c'est-à-dire aux données pour lesquelles plusieurs modalités ont été observées pour chaque variable. Les données multi-voie sont ainsi structurées en tenseur. L'extension proposée repose sur une modélisation des axes discriminants. Cette modélisation prend en compte la structure tensorielle des données. Les gains attendus par rapport aux méthodes consistant à construire un classifieur à partir de la matrice obtenue par dépliement du tenseur, sont une meilleure interprétabilité et un meilleur comportement vis-à-vis du surapprentissage, phénomène d'autant plus présent dans le contexte multi-voie que le nombre de modalités est grand. Un algorithme de directions alternées permet d'obtenir les axes discriminants. Les performances obtenues sur données simulées permettent de confirmer ces gains.
Epidemiological investigation for grouped cases of Trichosporon asahii using whole genome and IGS1 sequencing (2020)

We confirmed the usefulness of IGS1 sequencing for grouped cases infection of T. asahii. We underlined its limitation for the study of population structure and the utility of WGS analysis for the study of epidemiologically unrelated isolates.