gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rotated face detection in color images using radial template (RT) (2003)

In this paper, we propose a face detection algorithm to locate faces rotated in any orientation. Detecting rotated faces is important for a face detection system. First, we present a novel model named radial template (RT) to detect rotated faces. This template is designed to find stable features of center-rotated objects in edge maps. Based on skin detection and edge extraction, our method searches for face-like areas and gets their orientations by RT searching. Then the candidates are rotated upright and a frontal face detector is used to determine existence of faces. A system integrating these techniques is presented. Experimental results show that our algorithm is effective to detect human faces rotated in any angle with different sizes, lighting conditions and backgrounds.
Geldanamycin-Induced PCNA Degradation in Isolated Hsp90 Complex from Cancer Cells (2010)

Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone involved in the folding and proteolytic turnover of many regulatory proteins associated with it. Some of the Hsp90 client proteins are known to be involved in tumorigenesis. An Hsp90-specific inhibitor, geldanamycin, is shown to bind to the ATP binding site of the chaperone to induce degradation of many client proteins, and results in antitumor activities. However, the mechanism of geldanamycin-induced client protein degradation is not fully understood. A large-scale immunoaffinity purification with anti-Hsp90 antibodies identified many Hsp90 client proteins from colon cancer cell line, HCT-116. One of the identified proteins, PCNA, was confirmed to be associated with Hsp90 in two additional cancer cell lines. After geldanamycin treatment, both PCNA and Hsp90 were shown to be degraded. More interestingly, this study demonstrated that in two different cancer cell lines, the degradation occurred in the isolated Hsp90 complex in vitro. This result indicated that the components responsible for the PCNA degradation are also associated with Hsp90. This finding provided a new mechanism for the Hsp90-mediated protein degradation induced by Hsp90-specific inhibitors.
Imaging of director fields in liquid crystals using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy (2013)

We demonstrate an approach for background-free three-dimensional imaging of director fields in liquid crystals using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. This imaging technique is implemented using a single femtosecond pulsed laser and a photonic crystal fiber, providing Stokes and pump frequencies needed to access Raman shifts of different chemical bonds of molecules and allowing for chemically selective and broadband imaging of both pristine liquid crystals and composite materials. Using examples of model three-dimensional structures of director fields, we show that the described technique is a powerful tool for mapping of long-range molecular orientation patterns in soft matter via polarized chemical-selective imaging.
Low Energy Quantum System Simulation (2003)

A numerical method for solving Schrodinger's equation based upon a Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff (BCH) expansion of the time evolution operator is presented herein. The technique manifestly preserves wavefunction norm, and it can be applied to problems in any number of spatial dimensions. We also identify a particular dimensionless ratio of potential to kinetic energies as a key coupling constant. This coupling establishes characteristic length and time scales for a large class of low energy quantum states, and it guides the choice of step sizes in numerical work. Using the BCH method in conjunction with an imaginary time rotation, we compute low energy eigenstates for several quantum systems coupled to non-trivial background potentials. The approach is subsequently applied to the study of 1D propagating wave packets and 2D bound state time development. Failures of classical expectations uncovered by simulations of these simple systems help develop quantum intuition. Finally, we investigate the response of a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) to a time dependent potential. We discuss how to engineer the potential's energy and time scales so that the SQUID acts as a quantum NOT gate. The notional simulation we present for this gate provides useful insight into the design of one candidate building block for a quantum computer.
Investigation on the Vortex Thermal Separation in a Vortex Tube Refrigerator (2005)

This paper describes the experimental study of the temperature separation phenomenon in a counter-flow type vortex tube. Effects of (1) the number of inlet tangential nozzles, (2) the cold orifice diameter, and (3) tube insulations on the temperature reduction and isentropic efficiency of the tube were experimentally investigated. The temperature drops of the cold air obtained from these tests were in good agreement with available data for comparison at a similar scale of operating conditions. The experimental results showed that the insulated vortex tube with 4 inlet nozzles and cold orifice diameter of 0.5D yielded the highest temperature reduction (temperature separation) and isentropic efficiency at about 30 o C and 33% respectively.
Identification of peptides targeting human osteoarthritic chondrocytes using phage display (2016)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common degenerative joint disease and is characterized by a progressive degradation of articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to loss of joint mobility and function, accompanied by chronic pain. Currently used therapies for cartilage repair are still far from generating regenerated tissue with quality and stability comparable to native cartilage. We hypothesize that alterations of chondrocyte-ECM interactions in OA affect the expression of cell surface adhesion molecules and phage display can allow the identification of high affinity peptides by screening peptide libraries against these targets. Here, we report the use of phage display to identify novel peptides which specifically bind to human chondrocytes isolated from patients with OA. Chondrocytes were isolated from healthy and osteoarthritic cartilage obtained from patients undergoing partial knee arthroplasty and characterized, in terms of expression of cell surface proteins and expression of chondrocyte-specific genes, before the panning experiments to assess their phenotypic stage. A phage library displaying random 12-amino acid peptides was first incubated with chondrocytes from healthy donors (control cells) and then with osteoarthritic chondrocytes. A 12-amino acid peptide (GFQMISNNVYMR) was identified, showing high affinity to osteoarthritic chondrocyte cells (about 8-fold higher than the wild-type phage lacking recombinant peptides - control). Bioinformatics analysis was performed by creating a protein structure database of known and stereo-chemical validated OA-associated cell membrane proteins. Protein-peptide docking revealed, from the overall complex stability, solvent accessibility and binding site prediction that the membrane protein MMP28 is expected to be the putative receptor of the identified peptide ligand. Future work will be devoted to integrate the identified peptide sequence into nanocarrier systems to provide localization of therapeutic molecules into OA cartilage. If successful, these nanocarriers can offer important insights into the regenerative mechanisms of cartilage and could be applied for developing more efficient and less invasive therapies for treating OA.
<title>Thermal ablation therapy for focal malignancy: a unified approach to underlying principles, techniques, and diagnostic imaging guidance</title> (1999)

Percutaneous image-guided ablative therapies using thermal energy sources such as radiofrequency, microwave, high intensity focused ultrasound, and laser have received much recent attention as minimally-invasive strategies for the treatment of focal malignant disease. Potential benefits of these techniques include the ability to ablate tumor in non- surgical candidates, reduced morbidity as compared to surgery, and the potential to perform the procedure on an outpatient basis. This manuscript proposes a unified framework using the `Bioheat equation' for discussing aspects of thermal ablation therapies as they relate to the treatment of focal malignancies. Briefly, these include an understanding of under which conditions heat induces cellular damage, the types of energy sources which can supply this heat, and tissue properties such as perfusion mediated cooling which modify tissue response to the heat deposited. Additionally, the various facets of diagnostic imaging which are required to direct thermal ablation therapy are discussed. These include modalities which can be used for targeting of the lesion to be treated, determination of an optimal treatment plan, and assessment of results at long term follow-up.
Comparative landscape of genetic dependencies in human and chimpanzee stem cells (2023)

Comparative studies of great apes provide a window into our evolutionary past, but the extent and identity of cellular differences that emerged during hominin evolution remain largely unexplored. We established a comparative loss-of-function approach to evaluate whether changes in human cells alter requirements for essential genes. By performing genome-wide CRISPR interference screens in human and chimpanzee pluripotent stem cells, we identified 75 genes with species-specific effects on cellular proliferation. These genes comprised coherent processes, including cell cycle progression and lysosomal signaling, which we determined to be human-derived by comparison with orangutan cells. Human-specific robustness to <i>CDK2</i> and <i>CCNE1</i> depletion persisted in neural progenitor cells, providing support for the G1-phase length hypothesis as a potential evolutionary mechanism in human brain expansion. Our findings demonstrate that evolutionary changes in human cells can reshape the landscape of essential genes and establish a platform for systematically uncovering latent cellular and molecular differences between species.
Detecting Phase-Inversion Region of Surfactant-Stabilized Oil/Water Emulsions Using Differential Dielectric Sensors (2021)

Summary An experimental and theoretical investigation of surfactant-stabilized oil/water emulsion characteristics was carried out under water sweep (WS) and oil sweep (OS) conditions. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfactants were used, with concentrations less than and more than the critical micelle concentration (CMC). Experimental data were acquired for detection of the phase-inversion region, which was measured simultaneously by several independent methods. These include a circular differential dielectric sensor (C-DDS), a rectangular differential dielectric sensor (R-DDS) (both sensors accurately detect the phase-inversion region), a pressure transducer, and a mass flowmeter. The addition of an emulsifier surfactant to an oil/water mixture generated a stable emulsion, which resulted in a phase-inversion delay. For water-continuous to oil-continuous flow, a hydrophilic surfactant was a better emulsifier, while for oil-continuous to water-continuous flow, a hydrophobic surfactant was a better emulsifier for creating more stable emulsions. The surfactant/oil/water emulsion resulted in an increase of the dispersed-phase volume fraction required for phase inversion, as compared to the case of oil/water dispersions without surfactant. For emulsions with surfactant concentrations above CMC, the presence of micelles contributed to further delay of the phase inversion, as compared to those with surfactant concentrations below CMC. The phase-inversion region exhibits a hysteresis between the OS and WS runs, below CMC and above CMC, which was due to the difference in droplet sizes caused by different breakup and coalescence processes for oil-continuous and water-continuous flow. This research shows that the DDS is an efficient instrumentation that can be used to detect the region where the emulsion phase inversion is expected to occur. Moreover, the experimental results and the pertinent analysis and discussion provide useful insights for a more informed design of surface facilities (including emulsion separators) in oil and gas production operations.
Design and development of mobile-based application for Augmented Reality smart locator (2015)

Over the years, mobile smartphones has become more popular with the advances of technologies that can do different tasks. Due to the popularity of smartphone, it plays an important part in our life. With this trend, developing a locating application can be useful to the user who require to locating places. Augmented Reality technology has also become popular these past few years; it is a display of a real-time environment by adding computer-simulated instructional element e.g. image, audio-visual or GPS information and it substitutes the actual world with a virtual one. It can also help users to revive information easily as addiction data related to environment and its entities can be overlapped on the actual-time environment. This project aims to integrate augmented reality to current available locator application by increasing its accuracy. In this project, an easy-to-use Android application is developed. This application will provide users with a social platform to locate their family and friends easily even in a place that is unfamiliar to them. With the integration of Augmented Reality (AR) technology, the application will give users a brand new experience in the process of finding their friends. Furthermore, this application can also act as a sharing platform; e.g users can share their favorite places. In future, this Android application can also be developed into other mobile Operating platforms such as, iOS or Windows to increase the number of users.
Results of First-Round of Surveillance in Individuals at High-Risk of Pancreatic Cancer from the AISP (Italian Association for the Study of the Pancreas) Registry (2018)

The rate of malignancies found in this cohort was high (2.6%). According to the International Cancer of the Pancreas Screening Consortium the screening goal achievement was high (1%).
A Discrete Filter Bank Approach To Audio To Score Matching For Polyphonic Music. (2009)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Morphology of semicrystalline block copolymers of ethylene-(ethylene-alt-propylene) (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMorphology of semicrystalline block copolymers of ethylene-(ethylene-alt-propylene)Pratima Rangarajan, Richard A. Register, and Lewis J. FettersCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 17, 4640–4645Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00069a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00069a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views847Altmetric-Citations180LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tetraphenylpyrazine-Based Luminogens with Aggregation-Enhanced Emission Characteristics: Preparation and Property (2016)

聚集诱导发光(AIE)已经成为光物理和发光材料领域的研究热点. 设计与合成新的AIE核心分子是该领域进一步发展的基础. 在我们发展的、新的AIE核心分子四苯基吡嗪(TPP)的基础上, 通过引入给电子的噻吩基团, 设计合成了三个TPP的衍生物TPP-T、TPP-2T和T-TPP-T, 并详细研究了三个分子的构效关系. 结果表明三个分子均具有聚集荧光增强(AEE)效应, 其粉末的最强发射峰分别位于418, 437和436 nm处, 属于蓝紫光和深蓝光发射, 绝对荧光量子产率分别为26.8%, 29.%和30.9%. 结合其优异的热稳定性, 这些TPP衍生物有望用于有机发光二极管(OLED)器件中的发光层. The research on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has been a hot topic in the fields of photo-physics and luminescent materials. Design and synthesis of new AIE-active luminogens (AIEgens) will further promote the development of this area. Based on our developed new AIEgen of tetraphenylpyrazine (TPP), in this paper, we further enriched its family by covalently attaching thiophene unit on TPP core, and prepared three AIEgens of TPP-T, TPP-2T and T-TPP-T. Their structure-property relationship was studied in detail. The results showed that TPP-T, TPP-2T and T-TPP-T feature the aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) characteristics. Their powders emit at 418, 437 and 436 nm with absolute fluorescence quantum yields of 26.8, 29.0 and 30.9%, respectively, which makes them promising to be used as emitting layer in fabrication of organic light-emitting diodes in combination with their excellent thermal stability. © 2016 Chinese Chemical Society &amp; SIOC, CAS.
The decarboxylation of itaconic acid polymers (1967)

Abstract Itaconic acid polymers decarboxylate in aqueous solution at temperatures of 100°C or less. The molar amount of evolved carbon dioxide per itaconic unit increases with itaconic acid content to about 0.30 for homopolymers. Development of ultraviolet absorption accompanies decarboxylation. A condensation of adjacent itaconic units which results in β‐keto acids capable of decarboxylation to cyclic ketones is proposed. Further condensation may result in β‐diketones. These reactions of polyitaconic acid are consistent with a structure consisting of repeating itaconic acid units. Polymaleic acid decarboxylates under similar conditions with the evolution of about 0.15 mole of carbon dioxide per maleic unit.
Enhancing the reactivity of 1,2,3-triazoles in “click” macrocycles by face-to-face dibenzylammonium ion binding (2007)

A face-to-face binding motif between dibenzylammonium ions and macrocycles containing 1,2,3-triazoles was established, which operates cooperatively to enhance the reactivity of 1,2,3-triazoles in an Arbuzov-type dealkylation reaction.
Increased CMOS IC stuck-at fault coverage with reduced I DDQ test sets. (1990)

Simplified ATPG and fault simulation algorithms, reduced test set sizes, and increased fault coverage are achieved with I, testing for stuck-at faults. In addition, IDm testing will detect logically redundant and multiple stuck-at faults and improve the detection of non-stuck-at fault defects.
Growth of 48 built environment bacterial isolates on board the International Space Station (ISS) (2016)

Background. While significant attention has been paid to the potential risk of pathogenic microbes aboard crewed spacecraft, the non-pathogenic microbes in these habitats have received less consideration. Preliminary work has demonstrated that the interior of the International Space Station (ISS) has a microbial community resembling those of built environments on Earth. Here we report the results of sending 48 bacterial strains, collected from built environments on Earth, for a growth experiment on the ISS. This project was a component of Project MERCCURI (Microbial Ecology Research Combining Citizen and University Researchers on ISS). Results. Of the 48 strains sent to the ISS, 45 of them showed similar growth in space and on Earth using a relative growth measurement adapted for microgravity. The vast majority of species tested in this experiment have also been found in culture-independent surveys of the ISS. Only one bacterial strain showed significantly different growth in space. Bacillus safensis JPL-MERTA-8-2 grew 60% better in space than on Earth. Conclusions. The majority of bacteria tested were not affected by conditions aboard the ISS in this experiment (e.g., microgravity, cosmic radiation). Further work on Bacillus safensis could lead to interesting insights on why this strain grew so much better in space.
Focusing of Shock Wave by Underwater Discharge. On Nonlinear Reflection and Focusing Effect. (1996)

This paper purposes to improve the focusing effect by taking account of the nonlinear reflection of underwater shock wave. Reflected shock wave by the ellipsoidal reflector does not focus on a geometrical focal point because of the nonlinear reflection. The nonlinearity between incident and reflection angles on the shock wave focusing is evaluated based on the propagation time of reflected shock wave from a rigid flat plate. The peak pressure of the focused shock wave strongly depends on the wave front distribution, especially on the pressure concentration in the radial direction of the reflector. Higher pressure can be obtained by shifting spark gap position toward the second geometrical focal point. The optimal displacement of the spark gap estimated based on the relationship for the nonlinear reflection agrees with the experimental observation. The shape of reflector is modified taking account of the nonlinear effect. The modified reflector demonstrates significant increase of pressure by focused shock wave compared with the standard ellipsoidal reflector.
Automatic text segmentation from complex background (2005)

In this paper, we proposed an automatic method to segment text from complex background for recognition task. First, a rule-based sampling method is proposed to get portion of the text pixels. Then, the sampled pixels are used for training Gaussian mixture models of intensity and hue components in HSI color space. Finally, the trained GMMs together with the spatial connectivity information are used for segment all of text pixels form their background. We used the word recognition rate to evaluate the segmentation result. Experiments results show that the proposed algorithm can work fully automatically and performs much better than the traditional methods.
The Trifluoroacetylpyridine Analog of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (1994)

3-Trifluoroacetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide has been synthesized enzymically in two steps. The first step involved forming a glycosidic link via the ring nitrogen of 3 -trifluoroacetylpyridine to ribose-5-phosphate by reaction of 3trifluoroacetylpyridine with 5-phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate, catalyzed by nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase. The resulting mononucleotide was allowed to react with adenosine triphosphate in the presence of NAD pyrophosphorylase to yield the NAD analog, trifluoroacetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide. The analog behaved as an inhibitor of several NAD-dependent dehydrogenases, but it did not act as a substrate