gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Fate of Antigen in Delayed Hypersensitivity Skin Reactions (1970)

Abstract The fate of several protein antigens was followed in delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions in the guinea pig. 125I-labeled HSA and horseradish peroxidase were followed by autoradiography as were the 3H-labeled arsanilic acid conjugates of the synthetic polypeptides l- and d-GAT. Peroxidase activity was also localized by a histochemical method. Initially the bulk of all antigens studied was extracellular in the dermis and deeper tissues. Antigen was rapidly cleared from the local site by diffusion into both lymphatics and blood vessels. Even at the earliest intervals some antigen was found within fixed tissue macrophages. However, the extent of phagocytosis varied greatly with different antigens, being maximal with peroxidase and minimal with the others studied. In confirmation of previous work, antigen clearance was little affected by the development of a delayed reaction. Infiltrating mononuclear cells showed little tendency to phagocytose antigen, although occasional labeled cells were found. The distribution of antigen observed thus differed in certain respects from previous reports which followed the localization of vaccinia virus, ferritin and ferritin-conjugates. However, no definite differences in the handling of antigen were noted between experimental and control lesions.
Fabrication and characterization of a foamed polylactic acid (PLA)/ thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) shape memory polymer (SMP) blend for biomedical and clinical applications (2014)

Shape memory polymers (SMP) are a class of stimuli-responsive materials that are able to respond to external stimulus such as heat by altering their shape. Bio-compatible SMPs have a number of advantages over static materials and are being studied extensively for biomedical and clinical applications (such as tissue stents and scaffolds). A previous study has demonstrated that the bio-compatible polymer blend of polylactic acid (PLA)/ thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) (50/50 and 70/30) exhibit good shape memory properties. In this study, the mechanical and thermo-mechanical (shape memory) properties of TPU/PLA SMP blends were characterized; the compositions studied were 80/20, 65/35, and 50/50 TPU/PLA. In addition, porous TPU/PLA SMP blends were fabricated with a gas-foaming technique; and the morphology of the porous structure of these SMPs foams were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The TPU/PLA bio-compatible SMP blend was fabricated with melt-blending and compression molding. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the SMP blends was determined with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The mechanical properties studied were the stress-strain behavior, tensile strength, and elastic modulus; and the thermomechanical (or shape memory) properties studied were the shape fixity rate (Rf), shape recovery rate (Rr), response time, and the effect of recovery temperature on Rr. The porous 80/20 PLA/TPU SMP blend was found to have the highest tensile strength, toughness and percentage extension, as well as the lowest density and uniform pore structure in the micron and submicron scale. The porous 80/20 TPU/PLA SMP blend may be further developed for specific biomedical and clinical applications where a combination of tensile strength, toughness, and low density are required.
“Chronic lyme disease” as the incorrect diagnosis in patients with fibromyalgia (1993)

Fibromyalgia is a treatable and potentially curable disorder, and should be considered in the evaluation of patients with "refractory Lyme disease."
Gasphasen‐Reaktionen, 21. Thermische Erzeugung von Alkyl‐ und Halogenketenen (1981)

Abstract Thermische Gasphasenreaktionen zur Ketenerzeugung lassen sich PE‐spektroskopisch optimieren: Bei Acetylderivaten R 2 CHCOX werden HX‐Abspaltung in der Reihenfolge HO 2 CCH 3 ≈︁ HCl &lt; HBr &lt; H 2 O ≈︁ ROH ≪ CH 4 steigende Temperaturen benötigt. HCl läßt sich mit NH 3 aus dem Gasgemisch abscheiden, und es können so die PE‐Spektren reiner Alkylketene R 2 CCO (R z.B. H, CH 3 , C 2 H 5 ) aufgenommen werden. „Fulvenketen”︁ (4) wird aus Cyclopentadiencarbonylchorid (dieses aus dem Dimeren), Ethylenketen (7) durch Pyrolyse von Cyclopropyl‐spirosubstituierter Meldrumsäure (6) gewonnen. Chlor‐ und Bromketene konnten wie folgt erhalten werden: ClHCCO aus ClH 2 CCOCl, Cl 2 CCO aus Cl 3 CCOBr mit Zn, BrHCCO aus 2‐Bromcyclobutanon und NCHCCO aus NCH 2 CCOCl. Die PE‐Spektren werden durch Radikalkationzustands‐Vergleich, gestützt auf MNDO‐Rechnungen, zugeordnet.
Reductive and Oxidative Half-Reactions of Morphinone Reductase from Pseudomonas putida M10:  A Kinetic and Thermodynamic Analysis (1998)

The reaction of morphinone reductase (MR) with the physiological reductant NADH and the oxidizing substrate codeinone has been studied by multiple and single wavelength stopped-flow spectroscopy. Reduction of the enzyme with NADH proceeds in two kinetically resolvable steps. In the first step, the oxidized enzyme forms a charge-transfer intermediate with NADH. The charge-transfer complex is characterized by an increase in absorbance at long wavelength (540 to 650 nm), and its rate of formation is dependent on substrate concentration and is controlled by a second-order rate constant of 4. 8 x 10(5) M-1 s-1 at pH 7.0 and 5 degrees C. In the second step, the enzyme-bound flavin is reduced to the dihydroflavin form. The rate of flavin reduction (23.4 s-1 at pH 7.0 and 5 degrees C) is independent of substrate concentration and is observed as a monophasic decrease in absorbance at 462 nm. The oxidative half-reaction proceeds in three kinetically resolvable steps. The first is due to the formation of a reduced enzyme-codeinone charge-transfer complex and is observed at long wavelength (about 650 nm). The rate of charge-transfer complex formation is dependent on codeinone concentration and is controlled by a second-order rate constant of 11.5 x 10(3) M-1 s-1 at pH 7.0 and 5 degrees C. The second step represents flavin reoxidation and is observed at 462 (absorption increase) and 650 nm (absorption decrease) and progresses with a rate (about 45 s-1) which is independent of codeinone concentration. The third step is observed as a further small increase in absorbance at 462 nm and proceeds with a rate of about 2.5 s-1. This step most likely represents hydrocodone release from the oxidized enzyme. Analysis of the temperature dependence of the reductive half-reaction has enabled calculation of the entropic and enthalpic contributions for charge-transfer formation, charge-transfer decay (yielding free enzyme and substrate), and electron transfer to the enzyme-bound FMN, and the construction of a partial energy profile for the reaction catalyzed by MR. The reaction scheme and redox properties of MR are compared with those described previously for the closely related flavoprotein, old yellow enzyme. Although common features are identified, there are notable differences in the kinetic and redox properties of the two enzymes.
Autologous lymphoid cells exposed to recombinant interleukin-2 in vitro in the absence of antigen can induce the rejection of long-term tolerated skin allografts. (1986)

The intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of autologous spleen cells treated with recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) in vitro resulted in the rejection of C57BL/10ScSn (B10) skin grafts that had survived for 18 months on CBA/Ca mice tolerant to B10 alloantigens. Cytotoxic lymphocytes specific for the graft alloantigens, assayed by limiting dilution analysis, appeared after the breaking of this immunological tolerance, whereas they were not detectable in tolerant mice. In these mice the frequencies of precursor cytotoxic cells specific for third-party alloantigens were unaffected by the IL-2 treatment.
PIK3CA and KRAS mutations predict for response to everolimus therapy: now that’s RAD001 (2010)

Targeted cancer therapeutics can be effective when patients are preselected to maximize the chance of response. Increasingly, molecular markers such as oncogenic DNA mutations are being exploited to help guide patient preselection. These DNA lesions can predict for either a positive or negative response to a given drug. Finding such predictive biomarkers is an ongoing challenge. New work by Di Nicolantonio and colleagues in this issue of the JCI demonstrates that PI3K catalytic alpha subunit (PIK3CA) mutations can sensitize cancer cells to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor everolimus. In addition, they show that the concurrent presence of PIK3CA mutations and mutations in either KRAS or BRAF predict for resistance to this drug. These data suggest that mTOR inhibitors currently in use will be ineffective against cancers that have a mutation in either KRAS or BRAF despite having PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation.
Ação da plasmina sobre as caseínas equinas. (2002)

A criacao de eguas leiteiras tem apresentado grande interesse em alguns paises da Europa em decorrencia da possivel utilizacao deste leite como cosmeticos, medicamentos e alimentos dieteticos. Um conhecimento mais substancial das propriedades bioquimicas do leite equino promovera uma valorizacao dos constituintes deste leite e principalmente de suas proteinas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a acao da plasmina sobre as caseinas equinas, durante a estocagem destas ultimas em solucao, e identificar os possiveis produtos de degradacao obtidos pela acao da plasmina sobre a b caseina do leite de egua. Realizou-se uma hidrolise do caseinato pela plasmina (0,23 unidades de plasmina por mL de solucao de caseinato a 10mg.mL-1) a 37°C e pH 8,0 durante diferentes tempos. A caseina b equina e, em menor grau a as1 e a k , sao bons substratos para acao da plasmina. A b caseina equina e facilmente hidrolisada pela plasmina apresentando um local de preferencia de acao enzimatica na posicao Lys47-Ile48,produzindo caseina do tipo g de 22 kDa, similar a g caseina bovina. Estas caseinas do tipo g sao degradadas pela solucao de plasmina posteriormente a sua formacao. A presenca de peptideos proteoses-peptonas de 20 kDa associados ao caseinato de sodio, parece ser ocasionado pela atividade da plasmina endogena existente no leite equino. No entanto, a sua formacao nao e evidente quando a regiao amino-terminal da caseina b e hidrolisada pela plasmina. A plasmina endogena parece estar fortemente associada a micela de caseina no leite equino, uma vez que uma atividade residual e encontrada na solucao de caseinato de sodio quando incubado a 37oC a pH 8,0, durante 24 h ou quando o caseinato de sodio e estocado a 7oC por um periodo de 2 anos.
Spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of (.mu.-oxo)diiron(III) complexes related to diiron-oxo proteins. Structure of [Fe2O(TPA)2(MoO4)](ClO4)2 (1993)

A series of (μ-oxo)diiron(III) complexes of tris(2-pyridylmethy1)amine (TPA), [Fe2O(TPA)2(L)] (C1O4)2, were synthesized and characterized where L represents the bridging tetraoxo anion ligands sulfate, phosphate, arsenate, vanadate, and molybdate. These tetraoxo anion complexes are the first (μ-oxo)diiron(III) complexes that reproduce the protein-tetraoxo anion stoichiometry found in purple acid phosphatases (PAPs). [Fe2O(TPA)2( MoO4)] (C104)2- CH3N (9) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n (a = 12.74(1) Å, b = 24.69(2) Å, c = 13.733(8) Å, β = 103.41 (7)°, and Z = 4) and consists of two distinct six-coordinate Fe(II1) centers bridged by oxo and molybdate. 9 represents the first (μ-oxo)diiron(III) complex with a single bridging molybdate to be structurally characterized. These new complexes together with previously reported (μ-oxo)diiron(III) TPA complexes constitute a series with a wide range of Fe-μ-0-Fe angles and bridging anion basicities which affect their electronic absorption, resonance Raman, and electrochemical properties. A linear correlation between the Raman vs(FeO-Fe) mode and the energy of the long-wavelength visible absorption band provides a method in which UV-vis spectroscopy can be used to estimate the Fe-O-Fe angle. The electrochemical properties of these complexes show the expected dependence on charge and basicity and thus serve as a basis on which to interpret the redox properties of diiron-xo proteins, particularly uteroferrin, the purple acid phosphatase from porcine uterus. Comparison of the electrochemical properties of the phosphate, arsenate ,and molybdate complexes in the (μ-oxo)diiron(III) TPA series with those of corresponding complexes of uteroferrin suggests that both phosphate and arsenate bridge the diiron core in uteroferrin, while molybdate must bind only to the redox inactive Fe(II1) center. The mixed-valent forms of several of these complexes exhibit EPR signals with gaav < 2, like those observed for the mixed-valent diiron enzymes but with smaller g anisotropies.
Effect of exercise training on HDL subclasses and cholesterol transfers to HDL in elderly individuals (2022)

Abstract Introduction Lifestyle habits play a crucial role on coronary artery disease (CAD) prevention. Exercise training promotes increase of HDL-C and decrease of plasma triglycerides is an important tool against atherogenesis. HDL-C determination evaluates only partially the HDL status and anti-atherosclerotic potential. A number of other parameters also relates HDL metabolism and function with CAD, such as HDL subclass distribution and cholesterol transfer to HDL, that have been reported as impaired in CAD. It is known that exercise training can improve those parameters in young individuals, but it has not been explored whether this effect can also be obtained in elderly subjects undergoing moderate training. Purpose Investigate the effects of regular practice of moderate exercise training on cholesterol transfer to HDL and HDL subclasses distribution in elderly compared to young subjects. Methods 111 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study, as divided in four groups paired by sex: active elderly (AE, n=25), inactive elderly (IE, n=21), active young (AY, n=40) and inactive young (IY, n=25). All subjects performed cardiopulmonary test to determine VO2 peak and answered a questionnaire about exercise practice; only subjects practicing regular training for at least one year were selected to the 2 “active” groups. Blood samples were collected to determine lipid and apolipoprotein profile. Lipid subfractions were measured using the Lipoprint system. Cholesterol transfer to HDL was performed by incubating plasma with a donor lipoprotein-like nanoparticle containing radioactively labeled unesterified (UC) and esterified cholesterol (EC), followed by chemical precipitation and radioactive count. Results Data are shown on Table 1. Higher VO2 peak in both active groups confirmed the effectiveness of the training. HDL-C was higher in AE and AY than in IE and IY; apo A-I was higher in AY than in IY, but AE and IE were equal. UC transfer was higher in AE and AY than in IE and IY, but EC was higher AY than in IY, AE and IE were equal. Large HDL subfraction was higher in AY than in IY, but AE and IE were equal. The intermediate HDL subfraction was higher in AE than in IE. Comparing AE with AY, no differences in UC and EC, as well as HDL subfractions were observed. Conclusion Training had the ability to improve parameters of HDL metabolism not only in young but also in elderly subjects and it is remarkable that, despite their lower VO2 peak, in the AE group the cholesterol transfers and the HDL subfraction profile were similar to those of the AY group. Those results confirm the effectiveness of training to improve HDL anti-atherosclerotic features in the elderly. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Inorganic and organic ground-water chemistry in the Canal Creek area of Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland (1989)

Manufacturing of military-related chemicals and other activities have taken place since 1917 in the Canal Creek area of Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, and have affected the ground-water quality. This report, which describes the first phase of a 5-year study, evaluates the distribution of inorganic and organic constituents present in the ground water in the Canal Creek area, identifies probable sources of the ground-water contaminants, and describes possible reactions affecting the organic contaminants. From November 1986 through April 1987, ground-water samples were collected once from 87 observation wells screened in Coastal Plain sediments, including 59 samples from the Canal Creek aquifer, 18 samples from the overlying surficial aquifer, and 10 samples from the lower confined aquifer.
VERBAL AND NON‐VERBAL COMMUNICATION IN TEACHING: A STUDY OF TRAINEE P.E. TEACHERS IN THE GYMNASIUM (1983)

S ummary . Argyle and Kendon's (1967) model of social skills provided the framework for examining the relationship between verbal and non‐verbal aspects of the performance of trainee teachers in the particular context of the school gymnasium. Seventy‐seven female student teachers at a specialist PE college were observed during teaching practice by observers who had been trained to use a schedule containing 23 items grouped into four major categories of the verbal and non‐verbal behaviours shown by teachers and pupils. Factor analysis of the observational data produced eight oblique factors summarising the relationship between items. Cluster analysis of the same process variables identified four stable lesson “styles” which could be ordered along a dimension of pupil involvement. Observational data were also obtained on three major sets of context variables. These, along with personality measures and teaching practice ratings were used to discriminate between the clusters. The results are interpreted to reveal within this context ( a ) particular associations of verbal and non‐verbal elements in communicative acts, ( b ) the components of lesson styles relative to pupil responsiveness and ( c ) the relative importance of the standing features of student performance as compared to the dynamic features as these relate to the modifiability of teaching.
Pediatric Insomnia: Update and Future Directions (2018)

Abstract Throughout their childhood, pediatric insomnia impacts approximately 25% of all children in the general population. Although it can occur as an isolated condition, it commonly associates with other comorbidities, such as autism, developmental delay, and psychiatric disorders. Careful and detailed history is essential, and sleep logs and actigraphy are useful tools in the assessment and diagnosis of pediatric insomnia. However, polysomnography is usually not warranted in the assessment of pediatric insomnia unless underlying medically-based sleep symptoms are concurrently identified and justify such test. In the majority of cases, behavioral interventions are the recommended approach for treatment. Despite the fact that many pharmacological approaches are used for child insomnia off-label, there are currently no FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approved medications for the management of pediatric insomnia. The high prevalence of pediatric insomnia, coupled with the low number of providers, who are formally trained in behavioral treatment for this prevalent condition, highlights the urgent need for improving primary care practitioner awareness, while expanding alternative routes to access to care, such as interactive virtual technology-based treatments, parent education and manuals, along with ongoing efforts to increase professional training opportunities.
Deep Face Image Retrieval for Cancelable Biometric Authentication (2019)

This paper presents a cancelable biometric system for face authentication by exploiting the convolutional neural network (CNN)-based face image retrieval system. For the cancelable biometrics we must build a template that achieves good performance while maintaining some essential conditions. First the same template should not be used in different applications. Second if the compromise event occurs original biometric data should not be retrieved from the template. Last the template should be easily discarded and recreated. Hence we propose a Deep Table-based Hashing (DTH) framework that encodes CNN-based features into a binary code by utilizing the index of the hashing table. We employ noise embedding and intra-normalization that distorts biometric data which enhances the non-invertibility. For training we propose a new segment-clustering loss and pairwise Hamming loss with two classification losses. The final authentication results are obtained by voting on the outcome of the retrieval system. Experiments conducted on two large scale face image datasets demonstrate that the proposed method works as a proper cancelable biometric system.
In vitro effects of oxidized low density lipoprotein on CD11b/CD18 and L-selectin presentation on neutrophils and monocytes with relevance for the in vivo situation. (1995)

Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) has been identified as a potent stimulus of leukocyte adhesion to endothelium, a hallmark of early atherogenesis. A cytofluorometric study was performed to further characterize the mechanisms by which oxLDL stimulates the rapid adhesion of leukocytes to endothelium in vitro and in vivo. Incubation (30 minutes at 37 C) of whole blood (diluted with buffered saline to 1 x 10(6) leukocytes/ml) with oxLDL (0.85 mg LDL cholesterol/ml; oxidized by 7.5 mumol/L Cu2+ for 18 hours) but not native LDL stimulated the upregulation of CD11b/CD18 adhesion receptors on neutrophils (anti-leu-15 binding: 178 +/- 16% of baseline, P < 0.01, means +/- SD of n = 10 experiments) and on monocytes (169 +/- 34% of baseline, P < 0.01). This phenomenon was almost entirely inhibited by n-butanol or the vasoactive drug pentoxifylline (PTX), which also significantly reduced oxLDL-induced leukocyte adhesion to venular and arteriolar endothelium, as assessed by intravital microscopy on the dorsal skinfold chamber in hamsters (venules: 49 +/- 19 versus 120 +/- 34 cells/mm2, P < 0.05; arterioles: 9 +/- 4 versus 52 +/- 7 cells/mm2, P < 0.01) 30 minutes after intravenous injection of oxLDL (4 mg/kg body weight; means +/- SD of n = 7 hamsters per group). Butanol and PTX also significantly reduced the upregulation of CD11b/CD18 by f-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) but not by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Whereas fMLP and PAF stimulate leukocytes via binding to specific cell surface receptors and triggering complex signal transduction pathways, PMA bypasses these pathways and directly activates intracellular protein kinase C. By analogy, we propose that oxLDL upregulates CD11b/CD18 through its previously documented ability to stimulate the generation of second messengers. The effect of n-butanol and PTX on receptor presentation cannot be explained by changes in plasma membrane fluidity, as both agents failed to reverse the decrease in plasma membrane fluidity of neutrophils after stimulation with oxLDL, as assessed by fluorescence anisotropy measurement of the membrane marker diphenylhexatriene. Incubation of isolated neutrophils but not of whole blood with oxLDL resulted in a significant loss of L-selectin from the neutrophil surface (anti-TQ-1 binding: 40 +/- 13% of baseline, P < 0.01). A significant loss of this adhesion receptor on neutrophils and monocytes was also observed after stimulation of isolated neutrophils and whole blood with fMLP, PAF, and PMA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)