gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Penetrating Colon Injuries (1987)

Eighty-five patients with penetrating colon injuries, treated either by exteriorized repair (39) or loop colostomy (46), were analyzed. Missile wounds accounted for 75.3% of the injuries. The Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Index (PATI) was the scoring method employed to assess quantitatively the severity of injuries in each patient. Of 21 patients with right colon injuries, eight were treated by exteriorized repair and the remainder by loop colostomy. PATI and other variables were comparable in both groups. Suture line leaks occurred in two patients (25%) with exteriorized repair. The morbidity was similar in both groups. In left colon trauma, exteriorized repair was employed in 31 patients and 33 underwent loop colostomy. The injury severity indices, clinical status, and time lapse to laparotomy were similar in both groups. Colostomy was avoided in 67.7% (21 of 31) patients with exteriorized repair. The incidence of abscesses was significantly higher in the colostomy group compared to the group treated by exteriorized repair (24.2% and 6.4%, respectively; p less than 0.05). The length of hospital stay was shorter after exteriorized repair (17.2 days vs. 23.2 days; p less than 0.05). All three mortalities (3.5%) were related to associated injuries. We conclude that exteriorized repair is a safe and superior alternative to loop colostomy in penetrating colon trauma.
A Tour of Optimisation Methods for Facies Estimation in AVO Seismic Inversion Using Markov Random Fields (2013)

We overview some joint lithology-fluid-class/rock-properties inversion techniques for AVO/quantitative-interpretation work from true-amplitude imaged seismic data, using a Bayesian hierarchical model. We use a Markov random-field (MRF) model for facies labels, and a facies-conditional Normal model for elastic rock properties. The MRF forces spatial smoothness in categories, and forbids non-hydrodynamical fluid-class transitions. The rock properties model captures loading effects and mutual correlation between elastic variables within a facies. We study the optimisation problem rather than sampling. The optimisation is a mixed integer-continuous problem, provably NP-hard, but susceptible to good heuristics in certain regimes we discuss. A natural approach to the problem is the EM algorithm, which provides fast local solutions using loopy-belief propagation for the E-step and conjugate-gradient least-squares for the M-step. This yields soft/marginalised estimates of facies labels. Industry-standard Bayesian classifications are related to single cycles of this EM algorithm, but without spatial coupling. A comparable method to the EM algorithm is "relaxed joint inversion&apos;&apos; with continuous "facies indicator&apos;&apos; variables confined to a simplex. The absence of middle frequencies and the multimodality of the objective make gradient methods, including EM and relaxation, vulnerable to local minima. Two globalising approaches, deterministic annealing, and integer-optimisation, are discussed.
Ectodermal Dysplasia-Syndactyly Syndrome with Toe-Only Minimal Syndactyly Due to a Novel Mutation in NECTIN4: A Case Report and Literature Review (2021)

Ectodermal dysplasia-syndactyly syndrome 1 (EDSS1) is characterized by cutaneous syndactyly of the toes and fingers and abnormalities of the hair and teeth, variably associated with nail dystrophy and palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK). EDSS1 is caused by biallelic mutations in the NECTIN4 gene, encoding the adherens junction component nectin-4. Nine EDSS1 cases have been described to date. We report a 5.5-year-old female child affected with EDSS1 due to the novel homozygous frameshift mutation c.1150delC (p.Gln384ArgfsTer7) in the NECTIN4 gene. The patient presents brittle scalp hair, sparse eyebrows and eyelashes, widely spaced conical teeth and dental agenesis, as well as toenail dystrophy and mild PPK. She has minimal proximal syndactyly limited to toes 2-3, which makes the phenotype of our patient peculiar as the overt involvement of both fingers and toes is typical of EDSS1. All previously described mutations are located in the nectin-4 extracellular portion, whereas p.Gln384ArgfsTer7 occurs within the cytoplasmic domain of the protein. This mutation is predicted to affect the interaction with afadin, suggesting that impaired afadin activation is sufficient to determine EDSS1. Our case, which represents the first report of a NECTIN4 mutation with toe-only minimal syndactyly, expands the phenotypic and molecular spectrum of EDSS1.
Direct observation of domain inversion in heat-treated LiNbO3using surface laser intensity modulation method (SLIMM) (1994)

Abstract Optical waveguides are often fabricated from ferroelectrics such as LiNbO3, LiTaO3 and KTP because their domains can be inverted in polarity by various chemical and thermal treatments. Optical microscopy can be used to determine the thickness of the inverted layer, but this is a destructive technique. The nondestructive Surface Laser Intensity Modulation Method (SLIMM) can be used to determine the spatial polarization distribution and thus map the domain structure. In these experiments, a high-temperature thermal treatment was used to invert the domains in about half the thickness of a LiNbO3 crystal. This produced a “head to head” domain structure which was clearly shown, both by the symmetry of the SLIMM raw data and by optical microscopy. The quantitative polarization distribution was found by a nonlinear fit of the SLIMM data to a theoretical expression based on the “head to head” domain structure.
Selection and Characterization of Strains of Staphylococcus aureus Displaying Unusual Resistance to Aminoglycosides (1976)

Susceptibility tests with aminoglycosides against Staphylococcus aureus have revealed discrepancies between the minimal inhibitory concentrations and the minimal bactericidal concentrations. To further evaluate these discrepancies, kill curves were performed against a susceptible strain of S. aureus with five different aminoglycosides (amikacin, kanamycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, sisomicin) at concentrations up to 16-fold above the minimal inhibitory concentration. Results revealed the presence of small subpopulations of cells capable of growth within 24 h in concentrations of aminoglycoside up to eightfold above the minimal inhibitory concentration for the parent strain. These subpopulations occurred at a frequency of >/=10(-7) parent cells, were not physiologically different from the susceptible parent strains, and were present in approximately one-half of 30 strains of S. aureus tested. The resistance of these subpopulations was approximately eightfold higher than that of the parent for all five aminoglycosides and was independent of concentration or type of aminoglycoside used to select them. This resistance was not due to extracellular degradation of drug and was stable over eight transfers in drug-free medium, except when selected by gentamicin or sisomicin.
Make-A-Video: Text-to-Video Generation without Text-Video Data (2022)

We propose Make-A-Video -- an approach for directly translating the tremendous recent progress in Text-to-Image (T2I) generation to Text-to-Video (T2V). Our intuition is simple: learn what the world looks like and how it is described from paired text-image data, and learn how the world moves from unsupervised video footage. Make-A-Video has three advantages: (1) it accelerates training of the T2V model (it does not need to learn visual and multimodal representations from scratch), (2) it does not require paired text-video data, and (3) the generated videos inherit the vastness (diversity in aesthetic, fantastical depictions, etc.) of today's image generation models. We design a simple yet effective way to build on T2I models with novel and effective spatial-temporal modules. First, we decompose the full temporal U-Net and attention tensors and approximate them in space and time. Second, we design a spatial temporal pipeline to generate high resolution and frame rate videos with a video decoder, interpolation model and two super resolution models that can enable various applications besides T2V. In all aspects, spatial and temporal resolution, faithfulness to text, and quality, Make-A-Video sets the new state-of-the-art in text-to-video generation, as determined by both qualitative and quantitative measures.
Dopamine Agonists Upregulate IL-6 and IL-8 Production in Human Keratinocytes (2012)

Dopaminergic agonists can stimulate keratinocytes to produce IL-6 and IL-8 which are related to inflammatory cutaneous processes. These effects are mediated by dopaminergic and β-adrenergic receptors and by receptor-independent oxidative mechanisms.
A Functional and Structural Network View of Task-Switching Dynamics in Ageing (2015)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
Structure of 3β-hydroxy-5-androsten-17-one (DHEA) monohydrate (1990)

C 19 H 28 O 2 •H 2 O cristallise dans P2 1 2 1 2 1 avec a=22,545, b=22,673 et c=6,819 A, Z=8; affinement jusqu'a R=0,071. La maille asymetrique contient deux molecules steroide de conformations similaires et deux molecules d'eau. Des liaisons hydrogene etendues sont presentes, mais elles sont difficiles a determiner de facon detaillee par suite des problemes rencontres dans la localisation precise des atomes H. Conformations des cycles: chaise pour A, demi-chaise 8β,9α pour B, chaise pour C et enveloppe C14α pour D
Bandpass Frequency Selective Structure With Improved Out-of-Band Rejection Using Stacked Single-Layer Slotlines (2018)

In this paper, a class of bandpass frequency selective structures (FSSs) with improved out-of-band rejection is proposed by using stacked slotlines. The proposed FSS consists of a periodic array of slotlines etched in pieces of single-layer printed circuit boards, which are vertically placed along the periodic plane and then stacked together with a certain distance. Due to this special arrangement, slotline resonators are constructed based on the desired propagation modes, thus leading to a stable bandpass filtering response in a wide frequency range. To better understand the operating principle, design procedure of this class of FSSs with uniform slotline unit cells, inductor-loaded uniform slotline unit cells, and stepped-impedance slotline unit cells is presented step by step. In particular, the equivalent transmission line models are established and the even–odd mode analysis method is introduced to intensively analyze the resonant and filtering mechanisms. As two examples, a single-polarized FSS and a dual-polarized one, both based on stepped-impedance slotline unit cells, are designed, fabricated, and measured. Measured results indicate that the proposed FSSs feature miniaturized unit-cell size, wide upper rejection band, and stable frequency filtering response under a large variation of incident angles.
Presenting Mark Twain: Keeping the Edge Sharp (2008)

Research Article| January 01 2008 Presenting Mark Twain: Keeping the Edge Sharp REGINA FADEN REGINA FADEN Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google The Mark Twain Annual (2008) 6 (1): 23–30. https://doi.org/10.2307/41582238 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation REGINA FADEN; Presenting Mark Twain: Keeping the Edge Sharp. The Mark Twain Annual 1 January 2008; 6 (1): 23–30. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/41582238 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectivePenn State University PressThe Mark Twain Annual Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 2008 The Mark Twain Circle of America/Wiley Periodicals, Inc.2008The Mark Twain Circle of America/Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Population, Environment and Economic Growth: a Sociological Perspective (2000)

"Este ensayo pasa revista al debate científico desatado alrededor de las principales causas de la crisis ambiental, comenzando por dos posiciones polarizadas: el daño ambiental como efecto de la presión demográfica (Hardin, Ehrlich) o bien como consecuencia de los patrones de producción y consumo (Commoner). El texto sostiene que la relación entre población y medio ambiente puede ser explicada por completo sólo si los patrones sociales de crecimiento económico son tomados en cuenta. En referencia a este debate, se propone una aproximación desde la sociología, basándose en el ?nuevo paradigma ecológico? y en el concepto de ?capacidad de carga?, empleado críticamente como un concepto de las ciencias sociales. También se discute la noción de desarrollo sustentable y se sugiere su comprensión en los términos de un ?estado estable?, es decir, en términos de un proceso donde el uso de recursos del medio ambiente para la producción y el consumo debe entenderse no en una forma vaga sino como algo limitado estrictamente a la capacidad de regeneración del medio ambiente."
Mapping the neuroblastoma epigenome (2011)

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a childhood tumor originating from sympathetic nervous system cells. Although recently new insights into genes involved in NB have emerged, the molecular basis of neuroblastoma development and progression still remains poorly understood. Current risk assessment schemes unfortunately result in a significant proportion of patient misclassifications, leading to undertreatment or overtreatment. Clearly, a more objective and accurate classifier is needed for improved outcome prediction. Next to genomic changes, epigenetic alterations have been described as well: in total, there are about 75 genes described as epigenetically affected in NB cell lines and/or NB primary samples. Most of these methylation markers are found using ‘candidate gene’ approaches and the methylation frequencies are usually very low. In order to find novel methylation markers that can be used for improved prognosis, we applied a whole-genome methylation screen. This technique relies on capturing with the MBD2 protein, containing a methyl-binding domain (MBD), with a very high affinity towards methylated genomic regions. In an initial phase, MBD2-seq was performed on 8 NB cell lines (where we also had micro-array data of, before and after treatment with the demethylating agent DAC to see re-expression after demethylation). An integrated analysis (MBD2-sequencing, re-expression analysis, analysis of public expression data) led to the selection of 43 candidate biomarkers, which were validated using real-time MSP (Methylation-Specific PCR) in 89 primary neuroblastoma patients in three prognostic groups. More than ten novel biomarkers in neuroblastoma were found to be related with risk factors (such as age at diagnosis, MYCN, stage) and with survival. Currently, we are performing MBD-sequencing on 45 primary neuroblastoma tumors of the same three prognostic groups, which will allow us to make a genome-wide map of the epigenome of neuroblastoma. Of these samples, exon-arrays and aCGH profiles are available for an extensive integrated data-analysis across the genomic and epigenomic information. This data should lead to the identification of highly sensitive and specific biomarkers for improved risk classification and treatment.
헤도닉 가격모형을 이용한 서울시 레스토랑의 선택속성 분석: 자갓 서베이 2차 자료의 활용 (2015)

본 연구는 2차 자료를 활용하여 현시선호에 입각한 사업장 분석단위의 서울시 레스토랑 수요 결정 요인을 추정함으로써, 개인수준의 표명선호로 도출된 선행연구 결과를 보완하고, 더욱 일반화된 레스토랑 핵심 속성을 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 ‘자갓 서울 레스토랑 2012’에 기술된 자료를 토대로 헤도닉 가격모형을 설정하였으며, 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 레스토랑 이용 3대 기본 품질인 ‘음식’, ‘분위기’, ‘서비스’는 레스토랑 수요에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤으며, 자갓서베이 평가 중 +1점을 확보할 경우, 약 3,262원(서비스), 1,752원(음식), 974원(분위기)의 가격 프리미엄을 얻는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, ‘지역’ 속성에 따른 수요는 강남과 강북 간에 차이가 없었으며, 셋째, ‘주차’ 속성은 강력한 정(+)의 영향변수임이 확인되었다. 넷째, 1층 입지 조건을 사용한 ‘접근성’ 속성은 비유의한 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, ‘프랜차이즈’ 속성의 경우, 유의성을 도출했으나 계수의 이론적 방향이 가맹점 점포의 약세를 명시했으며, 여섯째, ‘스타쉐프’ 속성은 음식품질에 있어 강력한 정(+)의 효과를 보였다. 끝으로, ‘레스토랑 유형’ 간에는 일식을 제외한 중식, 양식, 에스닉 간에 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 한식에 대한 선호도가 암시되었다.
Solving electrical networks to incorporate supervision in random walks (2013)

Random walks is one of the most popular ideas in computer science. A critical assumption in random walks is that the probability of the walk being at a given vertex at a time instance converges to a limit independent of the start state. While this makes it computationally efficient to solve, it limits their use to incorporate label information. In this paper, we exploit the connection between Random Walks and Electrical Networks to incorporate label information in classification, ranking, and seed expansion.
Nascent chicken ovalbumin contains the functional equivalent of a signal sequence. (1978)

Highly purified mRNA for chicken ovalbumin has been translated in a cell-free protein synthesizing system from rabbit reticulocytes in the presence or absence of EDTA-stripped microsomal membranes from dog pancreas. Nascent--but not completed--ovalbumin was transferred across the microsomal membrane, as demonstrated by cotranslational core glycosylation of ovalbumin nascent chains, by resistance to posttranslational proteolysis of only the glycosylated ovalbumin chains, and by cosedimentation with the membrane of exclusively the glycosylated form. Furthermore, nascent chains of bovine prolactin were observed to compete with nascent ovalbumin for transfer across the microsomal membrane. However, no competition for membrane sites was observed between nascent chains of rabbit globin and either nascent ovalbumin or prolactin. We interpret these results to suggest that nascent ovalbumin contains the functional equivalent of a signal sequence for transfer across membranes, and that membrane components involved in the segregation of secretory proteins with cleaved signal sequences also function in the segregation of ovalbumin.
Formation of Secondary Organic Aerosol from Non-traditional Intermediate Volatility Organic Compounds (2009)

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from ‘traditional’ precursors such as monoterpenes and alkylbenzenes has received substantial attention for the past decade. These traditional sources have relatively high emissions into the atmosphere, but they are also relatively volatile. As a consequence, the oxidation products from those precursors must be more than one million times less volatile in order to form SOA. We have recently begun to investigate the role of ‘nontraditional’ SOA precursors with much lower volatility than the traditional precursors. These intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOC) are typically co-emitted with traditional primary organic aerosol (POA) sources at elevated temperatures, including biomass burning and internal combustion processes. While their emissions are much lower than the traditional precursors, the volatility reduction required of the reaction products is much less drastic, making high-yield SOA formation much more likely.
New Observations in LOD Effect of 45-nm P-MOSFETs With Strained SiGe Source/Drain and Dummy Gate (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Length of thin oxide definition area (LOD) effects and the incorporation of the dummy poly gates on the performance of 45-nm P-MOSFETs with and without strained SiGe source/drain (S/D) are systematically investigated. In the non-SiGe devices, the LOD effect is dominated by the STI stress and shows a little dependence of dummy poly gates. However, in the SiGe device, the LOD effect is strongly dependent on the location of the dummy poly gate. For dummy poly gate located outside the active area, the compressive stress from the SiGe S/D dominates the LOD effect, but for dummy poly gate located within the active area, the LOD effect is controlled by both the SiGe S/D stress within the dummy gate and the STI stress. The mechanisms of our new observations are analyzed with TCAD simulations. </para>
The Enhanced WUDMA Image Processing System (1985)

This document describes recent enhancements to the WUDMA image processing laboratory that implement improvements suggested by experience gained during the WUDMA I program. More recent improvements to the software are mentioned as well as a discussion of some of the design issues faced during the early stages of conception. Finally, some ongoing projects and future plans are mentioned.
Memantine Inhibits Calpain-Mediated Truncation of GSK-3 Induced by NMDA: Implications in Alzheimer's Disease (2009)

Deregulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) activity is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). GSK-3 activity is regulated by phosphorylation and through interaction with GSK-3-binding proteins. Previously, we demonstrated that calpain activation produces a truncation of GSK-3. In this study, we show that calpain-mediated GSK-3 truncation, induced by N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA), depends on extracellular calcium. Primary cultures of cortical neurons treated with NMDA reduce GSK-3 levels up to 75%, although the truncated form of GSK-3 does not accumulate, suggesting that a short-lived product is formed. The data obtained with human AD samples suggest that, although a great variability exists at least in postmortem samples, truncated GSK-3 does not accumulate. However, memantine, a non-competitive NMDA receptor which has been approved for the treatment of moderate to severe AD, is able to inhibit GSK-3 truncation induced by NMDA in primary cultures of cortical neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, memantine modulates GSK-3 signaling, which might explain its protective role in AD. Overall, our data reinforces the important relationship between NMDA receptors and GSK-3 and their involvement as one of the first steps in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
Water : soil ratio influences aqueous phase chemistry of indigenous copper and zinc in soils (1997)

The effect of dilution on the composition of soil solutions of 8 contrasting soils ranging in pH from 5·3 to 8·8 with reference to zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) was studied. Soil samples were equilibrated with water in various water:soil ratios for 24 h. Equilibrium solutions were extracted and analysed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and major and minor elements. The separation of the soil solution at field capacity (FC) was carried out by a drainage method. Although the concentration of ions decreased upon dilution, the total quantity of sodium (Na), potassium (K), Zn, Cu, and DOC extracted per unit of soil weight increased. In contrast, the total quantity of Ca and Mg decreased in most soils. The ratio of Zn and Cu to Ca correlated to dilution level, whereas the ratio of Zn to monovalent cations decreased in low pH soils. The relationship between the quantity of Zn and Cu at different levels of the water : soil ratio in the soils studied showed that the concentration of these trace metals at FC soil moisture can be estimated from the soil extract. Increases in soil moisture content led to a marked change in the ion-pair, free hydrated metal concentrations, and complexation. Log Zn2+ was linearly related to solution pH. Zinc solubility was not consistent with published solubilities of any common minerals. Also, Zn solubility in alkaline soils tended to be higher than reported values in the literature, indicating that soluble metal–organic ligand complexation was underestimated in these soils. The relationship between pH and log Zn2+ was affected by dilution in several ways.