gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Air plasma for medical applications (2012)

The design and the electric and emission characteristics of two handheld air plasma spray generators are presented. The plasma is generated by 60 Hz periodic discharges between two concentrically cylindrical electrodes. A ring magnet is used to rotate arc discharges, which sprays outward by an air flow. The rotation of arc discharges keeps the generated plasma in non-equilibrium state and at relatively low temperature (<55°C). The plasma effluent yet contains high energy electrons which dissociate molecular oxygen into atomic oxygen. The emission spectroscopy of the plasma plume reveals that the plasma effluent, which carries abundant atomic oxygen, extends from the cap of the plasma spray by about 25 to 30 mm. Tests on blood droplets and smeared blood samples revealed the effectiveness and mechanism of low temperature air plasma on clotting blood. Tests on oral pathogens show that air plasma creates a zone of microbial growth inhibition in each of six treated samples, including those of grampositive bacteria and fungi, and on a cultivating biofilm sample of Streptococcus mutans UA159. The medical applications of the air plasma sprays for 1) bleeding control, 2) wound healing, and 3) dental disinfection, are then illustrated and discussed. As animal models, pigs were used in the tests of stopping wound bleeding and post-operative observation of wound healing by this air plasma spray. The results show that the bleeding from a cut to an ear artery is stopped swiftly; this air plasma spray also shortens wound healing time to about half (from 14 days to 8 days) after stopping the bleeding of a cross cut wound in the ham area. In-vitro tests demonstrate that the plasma effluent of the spray can prevent the formation of dental biofilms and further eliminate the mature biofilms.
Experimental Demonstration of an Indoor GPS-Based Sensing System for Robotic Applications (1996)

The objective of this research is to demonstrate that an indoor sensing system consisting of pseudo-satellites (pseudolites) and modified commercial GPS receivers can be used to sense and control the relative position and attitude of prototype robotic space vehicles in a laboratory environment. The long-term goal for this research is to develop technologies that will enable robotic vehicles to perform complex maneuvers such as autonomous navigation, rendezvous, multivehicle formation flying, and assembly in space. An experimental hardware system consisting of a prototype space robot, target vehicle, and GPS system has been devised to closely emulate real space systems. Since the experiments take place indoors where GPS satellite signals cannot be received, several GPS pseudolite transmitters have been built and installed around the perimeter of the laboratory to provide the GPS signals. The indoor GPS environment created by the close-range pseudolite transmitters required development of new algorithms for resolving vehicle positions and attitudes from the carrier-phase measurements. Therefore, the most novel aspect of this research has been the development of GPS for indoor sensing, where it has the potential to be applied to indoor mobile robots and to automated manufacturing systems. This paper presents the theoretical formulation and experimental results of the use of this indoor GPS system for performing rendezvous between a prototype space robot vehicle and a passive target vehicle.
Leveraging Latent Label Distributions for Partial Label Learning (2018)

In partial label learning, each training example is assigned a set of candidate labels, only one of which is the ground-truth label. Existing partial label learning frameworks either assume each candidate label of equal confidence or consider the ground-truth label as a latent variable hidden in the indiscriminate candidate label set, while the different labeling confidence levels of the candidate labels are regrettably ignored. In this paper, we formalize the different labeling confidence levels as the latent label distributions, and propose a novel unified framework to estimate the latent label distributions while training the model simultaneously. Specifically, we present a biconvex formulation with constrained local consistency and adopt an alternating method to solve this optimization problem. The process of alternating optimization exactly facilitates the mutual adaption of the model training and the constrained label propagation. Extensive experimental results on controlled UCI datasets as well as real-world datasets clearly show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
The Future of the International Map (1965)

Well-established conventions are difficult to challenge, if only because they are so often overlooked. In this paper the basic assumptions of the International Map of the World at 1:1,000,000 are examined by a Professor of Geography of the University of Wisconsin, who is also Director of the University Cartographic Laboratory.
Construction of FFAG Accelerators in Kurri for ADS Study (2006)

Kumatori Accelerator driven Reactor Test project (KART) has been started at Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (KURRI) from the fiscal year of 2002, aiming to demonstrate the basic feasibility of Accelerator Driven Sub-critical Reactor system (ADSR) and to develop an 150 MeV proton Fixed Field Alternating Gradi ent (FFAG) accelerator complex as a neutron production driver. This FFAG complex will be connected with our Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA) by the end of March 2006 for the basic ADSR experiments.
Enhancement of Thermal Contact Conductance by Metallic Coatings: Theory and Experiment (1985)

A thermomechanical model for nominally flat, rough contacting surfaces coated with a metallic layer is developed. The model is shown to agree quite well with thermal test data obtained using nickel specimens, with one side of the contact coated with silver and the other side glass-bead blasted. In addition, it is demonstrated that a coated joint can be reduced to an equivalent bare joint by employing an effective hardness and an effective thermal conductivity. Using this technique, 61 coated test points were correlated, with an RMS difference of ± 12.6 percent between the data and a correlation which had previously been used only for bare contacts.
Preparation of Sol–Gel Derived Titanium Oxide Thin Films Using Vacuum Ultraviolet Irradiation with a Xenon Excimer Lamp (2004)

Titanium oxide thin films are prepared by the sol–gel technique with 172 nm vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation using a Xe 2 * excimer lamp. The effect of VUV irradiation on spin-coated films was investigated by UV-visible absorption, X-ray photoelectron, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopies. The results showed that VUV irradiation causes the removal of hydroxyl and organic functional groups from the transparent coating film without causing the reduction of titanium, so that the film begins to transform into an oxide from a hydroxide. It was found that VUV irradiation onto a dried coating film is effective in accelerating the formation of Ti–O networks and crystallization.
The CYP450 hydroxylase pathway contributes to P2X receptor-mediated afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction (2001)

This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) metabolite 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) contributes to the afferent arteriolar response to P2 receptor activation. Afferent arteriolar responses to ATP, the P2X agonist, alpha,beta-methylene ATP and the P2Y agonist UTP were determined before and after treatment with the selective CYP450 hydroxylase inhibitor, N-methylsulfonyl-12,12-dibromododec-11-enamide (DDMS) or the 20-HETE antagonist, 20-hydroxyeicosa-6(Z),15(Z)-dienoic acid (20-HEDE). Stimulation with 1.0 and 10 microM ATP elicited an initial preglomerular vasoconstriction of 12 +/- 1% and 45 +/- 4% and a sustained vasoconstriction of 11 +/- 1% and 11 +/- 2%, respectively. DDMS or 20-HEDE significantly attenuated the sustained afferent arteriolar constrictor response to ATP. alpha,beta-Methylene ATP (1 microM) induced a rapid initial afferent vasoconstriction of 64 +/- 3%, which partially recovered to a stable diameter 10 +/- 1% smaller than control. Both DDMS and 20-HEDE significantly attenuated the initial vasoconstriction and abolished the sustained vasoconstrictor response to alpha,beta-methylene ATP. UTP decreased afferent diameter by 50 +/- 5% and 20-HEDE did not change this response. In addition, the ATP-induced increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in preglomerular microvascular smooth muscle cells was significantly attenuated by 20-HEDE. Taken together, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that the CYP450 metabolite 20-HETE participates in the afferent arteriolar response to activation of P2X receptors.
Solving Linear Inverse Systems with Graph Cuts. (2008)

Computer vision is a rich source of important yet intractable optimization problems. Over the past decade, researchers have shown that many such problems can be efficiently solved by graph cuts. Graph cut algorithms combine elegant theoretical properties with compelling experimental results. I will focus on the difficult but important challenge of solving rank-deficient linear inverse systems. Such systems arise in many important image-processing applications, and can be solved with convex optimization methods by assuming the output should be globally smooth. More realistic assumptions, such as piecewise smoothness, lead to intractable optimization problems. I will present some preliminary evidence that graph cuts can be effective for an important class of linear inverse systems. This is joint work with several collaborators, but primarily Ashish Raj (Cornell).
T Cells from Multiple Sclerosis Patients Recognize Multiple Epitopes on Self‐IgG (2007)

The highly diversified variable regions of immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules contain immunogenic determinants denoted idiotopes. We have previously reported that T cells from multiple sclerosis (MS) patients recognize IgG from autologous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and mapped a T-cell epitope to an IgG idiotope. To test the ability of CSF IgG molecules to elicit a broad polyclonal T-cell response in MS, we have analysed T-cell responses in the blood and CSF against idiotope peptides spanning complementarity determining region (CDR) 3 and somatic mutations within the variable regions of monoclonal CSF IgG. Consistent with a diversified idiotope-specific T-cell repertoire, CD4(+) T cells from both patients recognized several idiotope peptides presented by HLA-DR molecules. Mutations were critical for T-cell recognition, as T cells specific for a mutated CDR1 peptide did not recognize corresponding germline-encoded peptides. One T-cell clone recognized both an idiotope peptide and the B-cell clone expressing this idiotope, compatible with endogenous processing and presentation of this idiotope by B cells. These results suggest that mutated CSF IgG from MS patients carry several T-cell epitopes, which could mediate intrathecal IgG production and inflammation in MS through idiotope-driven T-B-cell collaboration.
Non linear in vivo fluorescence microscopy (2012)

In this talk a brief review on the non linear laser imaging techniques will be displayed. In particular, two photon fluorescence microscopy, lifetime imaging, multispectral imaging, second harmonic generation microscopy principles will be described.
An Inducible Amidase Produced by a Strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1962)

SUMMARY: A strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was obtained which was able to grow on acetamide or propionamide as sole source of carbon and nitrogen. When grown on these amides, whole bacteria and cell-free extracts rapidly hydrolysed acetamide, glycollamide, acrylamide and propionamide and slowly hydrolysed formamide and butyramide. N-Methylformamide, N-methylacetamide, N-ethylacetamide, N-acetylacetamide, N-methylpropionamide, N-ethylpropionamide, lactamide and methyl carbamate were found to be non-substrate inducers of the amidase when the organism was grown in succinate + ammonium chloride medium. N-Methylformamide, N-methylacetamide, lactamide and methyl carbamate did not inhibit propionamide hydrolysis by whole bacteria, but under the same conditions glycine amide, iodoacetamide and urea were effective inhibitors of amidase activity. N-Phenylacetamide, cyanoacetamide, glycine amide, sarcosine amide, β-hydroxy-propionamide and thioacetamide were neither substrates nor inducers of the amidase in this strain, but inhibited amidase induction by N-methylacetamide in succinate + ammonium chloride medium. Formamide also inhibited amidase induction under the same conditions.
Study of atomic tunneling centers in the mixed crystal KBr1-x(CN)x using dielectric echo techniques (1988)

Cyanide tunneling centers in the mixed crystal KBrl-x(CN)x have attracted a great deal of experimental interest because of their wide range of behavior. In the dilute limit of low cyanide concentration, the CN molecules behave as isolated impurities in the ordered KBr host lattice. For cyanide concentrations of x(CN)~50%, however, disorder due to strong CN-CN interactions produces low-temperature properties that are nearly indistinguishable from those of a glass. In order to better understand the development of this 'glassy' behavior as the cyanide concentration is increased from the dilute-impurity limit to the glassy, high-concentration regime, dielectric-echo measurements were made on five KBrl_x(CN)x crystals that had cyanide concentrations varying from 0.034 to 70%. These experiments were at a frequency of 0.79 GHz and in the temperature range 10 to 60 mK. Three-pulse echo experiments measured the spin-lattice relaxation times, Tl , of the states in order to determine the coupling strengths, I, between the tunneling centers and lattice strain. Two-pulse echo experiments observed variations in the dipole moment, p, and the density of states, P, of tunneling centers with varying cyanide concentration. The two-pulse echoes additionally measured dephasing times, T2, which reflect interactions between these low-energy excitations. In addition, the dielectric constants of the KBrl-x(CN)x samples were measured at 0.79 GHz from room temperature down to 10 mK. The quantities p and&#13;\nwere found to be fairly independent of cyanide concentration. This result implies that the basic nature of the tunneling centers probably does not change significantly with changing cyanide concentration. The concentration dependences of P and T2l, however, suggest that the distribution in symmetry of the potential wells characterizing these excitations may vary greatly as the cyanide concentration changes. In particular, at low cyanide concentration the states seem to be fairly symmetric. As the cyanide concentration is increased, however, the distribution of tunneling centers becomes weighted progressively more towards the asymmetric states.
FILTRATION-EXTRACTION OF COTTONSEED (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFILTRATION-EXTRACTION OF COTTONSEEDE. L. D'Aquin, H. L. E. Vix, J. J. Spadaro, A. V. Graci, P. H. Eaves, C. G. Reuther, L. J. Molaison, E. J. McCourtney, A. J. Crovetto, E. A. Gastrock, and N. B. KnoepflerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1953, 45, 1, 247–254Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50517a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50517a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Personalized video summary using visual semantic annotations and automatic speech transcriptions (2004)

A personalized video summary is dynamically generated in our video personalization and summary system based on user preference and usage environment. The three-tier personalization system adopts the server-middleware-client architecture in order maintain, select, adapt, and deliver rich media content to the user. The server stores the content sources along with their corresponding MPEG-7 metadata descriptions. In this paper, the metadata includes visual semantic annotations and automatic speech transcriptions. Our personalization and summarization engine in the middleware selects the optimal set of desired video segments by matching shot annotations and sentence transcripts with user preferences. The process includes the shot-to-sentence alignment, summary segment selection, and user preference matching and propagation. As a result, the relevant visual shot and audio sentence segments are aggregated and composed into a personalized video summary.
Size Distribution of Agglomerates in Coalescing Dispersed Phase Systems (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSize Distribution of Agglomerates in Coalescing Dispersed Phase SystemsK. V. S. Sastry and D. W. FuerstenauCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1970, 9, 1, 145–149Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160033a023https://doi.org/10.1021/i160033a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Representations of the symmetric group in deformations of the free Lie algebra (1994)

We consider, for a given complex parameter a, the nonassociative product defined on the tensor algebra of «-dimensional complex vector space by [x, y] = x ® y -ay ® x .For k symbols xx, ..., x^, the left-normed bracketing is defined recursively to be the bracketing sequence b^ , where b\ = xi> ¿>2 = lxi » *2]> and l>k = [bk-\ » xkl ■ The linear subspace spanned by all multilinear left-normed bracketings of homogeneous degree n, in the basis vectors vx,...,v" of C , is then an 5M-module Vn(a).Note that Vn(l) is the Lie representation Lie" of S" afforded by the «th-degree multilinear component of the free Lie algebra.Also, K"(-l) is the subspace of simple Jordan products in the free associative algebra as studied by Robbins [Ro].Among our preliminary results is the observation that when a is not a root of unity, the module V"(a) is simply the regular representation.Thrall [T] showed that the regular representation of the symmetric group S" can be written as a direct sum of tensor products of symmetrised Lie modules Vi.In this paper we determine the structure of the representations V"(a) as a sum of a subset of these Vx .The Vx, indexed by the partitions X of n, are defined as follows: let m¡ be the multiplicity of the part i in X, let Lie, be the Lie representation of 5,, and let ik denote the trivial character of the symmetric group S^ .Let ;m/[Lie,] denote the character of the wreath product Sm¿ [Si] of Sm¡ acting on m¡ copies of S¡.Then Vx is isomorphic to the S" -module (/».[Lie,]®---®!«,.^,-]®...) fs"m¡lSi]x...xSmils¡]x... ■Our theorem now states that when a is a primitive ptii root of unity, the ¿»"-module V"(a) is isomorphic to the direct sum of those Vx, where X runs over all partitions X of n such that no part of A is a multiple of p .
Experimental Study on External Tibial Rotation of the Knee (1997)

Using biplanar roentgenographic photogrammetry, we investigated posterolateral rotatory instability of the knee joint both before and after sectioning of posterolateral structures, the posterior cruciate ligament, and the lateral collateral ligament. Fifteen fresh-frozen cadaveric knees were used. Compared with the intact state, sectioning of the posterior cruciate ligament alone did not increase the amount of external tibial rotation, but the axis of external tibial rotation shifted when the anterolateral bundle of the posterior cruciate ligament was cut. When the posterior cruciate ligament was cut after sectioning of the posterolateral structures and the lateral collateral ligament, external tibial rotation increased and the axis of external rotation shifted. The results demonstrated that sectioning of the anterolateral bundle of the posterior cruciate ligament is associated with a change in the location of the axis of tibial rotation. Therefore an isolated posterior cruciate ligament injury can alter the kinematics of the knee joint by changing the axis of external tibial rotation. The present results also demonstrate that the posterior cruciate ligament serves as a kind of secondary restraint to posterolateral rotatory instability in knees with injured posterolateral structures. Helical motion analysis using biplanar roentgenographic photogrammetry is a useful method for evaluating knee kinematics.
Effect of β-globin MAR characteristic elements on transgene expression (2013)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the characteristic elements of matrix attachment region (MAR) on transgene expression. Human β‑globin MAR was obtained by PCR amplification. A splicing MAR fragment containing all the characteristic elements of β‑globin MAR was artificially synthesized and then cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector. Following digestion and sequence identification, we transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with the two vectors, and then screened for the transformation of stable cells. The transgene expression level was analyzed by ELISA, and the copy numbers of the CAT gene were analyzed by real‑time fluorescent quantitative PCR. β‑globin MAR enhanced CAT reporter gene expression by 2.1489‑fold, whereas the β‑globin MAR characteristic elements did not enhance this expression. The real‑time fluorescent quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that the relative copy numbers of the CAT gene of the β‑globin MAR expression vector were 1.2‑fold higher compared with those of the non‑MAR expression vector. MAR was able to improve the transgene expression level to a certain extent. The MAR characteristic elements did not improve the transgene expression alone. The transgenic expression levels were not linear with the transgene copy number; however, the enhancement of transgenic expression was relative to the increase in the gene copy number.
Are trauma surgeons prepared? A survey of trauma surgeons’ disaster preparedness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2023)

VII, survey of expert opinion.