gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diagnostics To Prognostics - A Product Availability Technology Evolution (2007)

From the customer's perspective, one of the most critical expectations of R&M in the new frontier focuses on product availability and cost of ownership. Whether you consider a personal automobile or a pilot's avionics, it must operate reliably, on demand, at an affordable cost. Consumer products such as automobiles, aircraft engines, medical diagnostic equipment, and computer server farms already employ remote diagnostics to monitor product health and optimize product availability. In this context, the next frontier is to evolve robust diagnostics into maturing prognostics and embed these technologies in our products in the form of health management system (HMS) capabilities. Using health based information for real time mission planning and autonomic maintenance is a key enabler for achieving ultra-reliability and availability in tomorrow's system of systems environment. The problem we face is how to best achieve these HMS capable products in a cost effective manner. Today's robust diagnostic technologies are proving to be key enablers for condition based maintenance, improved fault detection/fault isolation, and lower operational cost. Some success has been realized with the insertion of early prognostic technology, primarily in the area of mechanical PHM applications. By using a systematic methodology to develop, implement, and mature electronic prognostics into the next generation of HMS capable products, we are providing our customers (and most importantly the end user in the field) with new insight into the health and system readiness of our products. Being able to make health based decisions for mission planning, real time operational modes, and just-in-time maintenance will become the key to meeting product availability at an affordable cost
Extensive Industrial Gas Turbine Experience With Second Generation Single Crystal Alloy Turbine Blades (1997)

The rhenium containing second generation single crystal alloy CMSX-4® was introduced for turbine blading in the Solar® Turbines Incorporated Mars® T-14000 engine in 1990. Based on the initial success with the first 4,000 hour engine test, the alloy was confirmed as bill of material for the stage 1 turbine blades in the T-14000 engine. Field experience has been excellent and there are now about 1,500,000 hours total accumulated engine time with several engines having completed their first overhaul cycle (Typically 30,000 hours). Use of this alloy is now being considered by Solar for other turbine airfoil components. This update provides the results of metallurgical evaluations on high time blades. A detailed analysis of the substrate and coating, microstructure following the 25,000 hours field exposure was conducted and the results reported herein. A brief discussion of the effect of PtAl coatings on fatigue properties is also included.
Diastolic and autonomic dysfunction in early cirrhosis: a dobutamine stress study (2013)

OBJECTIVE. Presence of cardiac dysfunction in patients with advanced cirrhosis is widely accepted, but data in early stages of cirrhosis are limited. Systolic and diastolic functions, dynamics of QT-interval, and pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (pro-ANP) are investigated in patients with early stage cirrhosis during maximal β-adrenergic drive. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Nineteen patients with Child A (n = 12) and Child B cirrhosis (n = 7) and seven matched controls were studied during cardiac stress induced by increasing dosages of dobutamine and atropine. RESULTS. Pharmacological responsiveness was similar in cirrhosis and controls and the heart rate (HR) increased by 66 ± 15 versus 67 ± 8 min(-1). HR-blood pressure product increased equally by 115% in both cirrhotic patients and controls. However, time to resume HR of 100 beats/min was significantly longer in cirrhosis, p < 0.01. The QTc interval increased after dobutamine infusion in cirrhosis (0.41 ± 0.02 vs. 0.43 ± 0.02 s, p = 0.001) but similar electrophysiological changes were seen in controls. Cardiac volumes increased with the severity of disease. The increased cardiac output was primarily attributed to increased stroke volume. The ejection fraction was similar in patients and controls. Peak filling rate was longer in cirrhosis compared to controls (1.8 ± 0.4 and 1.4 ± 0.2 end-diastolic volume/s, p < 0.01). Pro-ANP was higher in cirrhosis and increased during stress by 13% compared to 0% in controls, p < 0.01. CONCLUSIONS. These findings indicate that patients with early stage cirrhosis exhibit early diastolic and autonomic dysfunction as well as elevated pro-ANP. However, the cardiac chronotropic and inotropic responses to dobutamine stress were normal. The dynamics of ventricular repolarization appears normal in patients with early stage cirrhosis.
Successful Drilling of a Deviated, Ultra-HTHP Well Using a Micronised Barite Fluid (2009)

Abstract This paper reviews the design and application of a micronised barite fluid (MBF) to drill a deviated high-temperature, high-pressure (HTHP) well in the Northern North Sea. The key technical challenge was to avoid sag of the weight material. On a previous well, using an API-barite-weighted fluid, sag had resulted in considerable non-productive time. The various fluid options were assessed by a technical prequalification exercise which involved extensive testing for viscosity, fluid loss and barite sag under simulated downhole conditions. The MBF was used to drill the 8½-in. section from 6,354 to 7,327 m; the deviation at the 9⅝-in. casing being 42 degrees. The bottomhole static temperature (BHST) was 205°C and maximum mud weight 2.15 sg. The well was successfully drilled to TD, but two stuck-pipe incidents necessitated sidetracks. Despite these operational incidents, no significant sag occurred, and as a result, considerable time savings were achieved on flow checks, trips, and cementing operations and the required logging program could be performed.
Glucosamine: an ingredient with skin and other benefits (2006)

Both glucosamine and its derivative N-acetyl glucosamine are amino-monosaccharides that serve key biochemical functions on their own and as substrate precursors for the biosynthesis of polymers such as glycosaminoglycans (e.g., hyaluronic acid) and for the production of proteoglycans. Glucosamine has an excellent safety profile and has been shown to provide benefits in several clinical disorders. Glucosamine compounds have been reported to have several beneficial effects on the skin or skin cells. Because of its stimulation of hyaluronic acid synthesis, glucosamine has been shown to accelerate wound healing, improve skin hydration, and decrease wrinkles. In addition, as an inhibitor of tyrosinase activation, it inhibits melanin production and is useful in treatment of disorders of hyperpigmentation. Mechanistically, glucosamine also has both anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects. Clinical trials have shown benefit in using oral glucosamine supplementation to improve symptoms and slow the progression of osteoarthritis in humans. Glucosamine has also been used to prevent and treat osteoarthritis in animals. Based on other observations, glucosamine has been suggested for additional clinical uses, including treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, migraine headaches, and viral infections. The current clinical uses for topical and oral glucosamine compounds and the mechanistic rationale for these uses are reviewed here.
The effects of the charge density and structure of the polymer on the dye‐binding characteristics of some cationic polyelectrolytes (1995)

Abstract The interaction of various structurally different water‐soluble cationic polyelectrolytes with methyl orange, an anionic dye, has been studied. The changes in the UV‐Vis spectra of methyl orange in the presence of methyl and benzyl quaternized polyvinylpyridines and trialkylammonium and triphenylphosphonium salts of polyvinylbenzyl chloride have been used to investigate the effect of the structure on the dye‐binding characteristics of the polycations. The results are interpreted in the light of a simple theory of cooperative binding to a linear lattice. The extent of binding of the dye aggregates on the polymers has been calculated. The binding ability of the above‐mentioned polyelectrolytes has been found to depend on the nature of the substituent on the polycation. The contribution of the coulombic forces on binding of the dye by these polymers has been emphasized. © 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Supplementary Table S1 from Association of Antifolate Response Signature Status and Clinical Activity of Pemetrexed-Platinum Chemotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Piedmont Study (2023)

&lt;p&gt;48 genes included in the new LUAD nearest centroid classifier and associated AF-PRS signature.&lt;/p&gt;
A helmet mounted display for telerobotics (1988)

An experimental helmet-mounted display (HMD) system was constructed to provide the human operator with an enhanced visual interface during the performance of telemanipulation tasks. The HMD system tracks the human operator's head orientation and displays the corresponding simulated task environment. Results of pick-and-place experiments indicate improved performance for stereoscopic displays with appropriate interocular distances over monoscopic displays. To evaluate the HMD system, large-work-space, three-axis pick-and-place tasks were used in which only a partial view was displayed on the screen at any time. Experimental results show that performance with the HMD system is superior to that with the fixed-display system. The results also show that appropriate adjustment of the joystick control reference frame improves the performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cyclodextrin complexes of a globular protein and a lipophilic oligopeptide: the effect of structure and physicochemical properties. (2017)

Cyclosporine A (CyA) is a lipophilic oligopeptide that has a very limited solubility in water of only 0.008 mg/ml at ambient temperature. It has the ability to form inclusion complexes with cyclodextrin (CD) whose complexes can self-assemble to form aggregates. We have previously developed eye drops with CyA/CD aggregates. Our aim was to study cyclodextrin complexes of lysozyme, a small polar globular protein, and to compare the results with those obtained for CyA. We also wanted to test the stabilizing effect of CDs on lysozyme. Phase-solubility studies of various CDs were performed with CyA and lysozyme. Complexation and particle size measurements were made with dynamic light scattering (DLS) and UV. Solid drug fractions were determined. Thermal and chemical stability studies were performed on lysozyme in the presence of various CDs. Recovery of lysozyme activity in the presence of various CDs after a heat shock was determined. Both CyA and lysozyme are able to form non-inclusion complexes with CD and those complexes can self-assemble and form micro sized aggregates. In case of lysozyme the forces involved are relativity weak and the lysozyme/CD complexes dissociate upon centrifuging, however for CyA the aggregates are stronger and do not dissociate upon centrifuging. CyA is therefore suitable for eye drop preparations containing CDs for sustained drug release whereas lysozyme is not. This is mainly due to the fact that CyA forms inclusion complexes with CDs, whereas lysozyme is not able to do so due to its polar surface. The lysozyme/CD non-inclusion complexes can offer some protection against lysozymes chemical and thermal denaturation. CD can, however, form complexes with unfolded lysozyme and hamper refolding of the protein after heat shock.
Products of reactions of Mo and Zr compounds in molten nitrate (1995)

Reactions of Mo and Zr compounds in molten nitrate media have been studied. It has been shown that an interaction between ZrIV and MoVI species occurs in nitrate melts, leading to the formation of high-surface-area mixed-oxide solids containing dispersed molybdate species grafted onto small zirconia particles. The physico-chemical properties of the products were studied vs. reaction temperature, nature of the alkali-metal cation and Mo reactant. The reaction temperature was of primary importance in determining the composition and structure of the product. At 30 °C, amorphous zirconia with randomly distributed monomolybdate species was formed, whereas at 500 °C crystalline ZrO2 superficially modified by polymolybdate was obtained. The alkali-metal cation influenced the amount of Mo in the solid and its dispersion.
Implementation and evaluation of prefetching in the Intel Paragon parallel file system (2002)

The significant difference between the speeds of the I/O system (e.g. disks) and compute processors in parallel systems creates a bottleneck that lowers the performance of an application that does a considerable amount of disk accesses. A major portion of the compute processors' time is wasted on waiting for I/O to complete. This problem can be addressed to a certain extent, if the necessary data can be fetched from the disk before the I/O call to the disk is issued. Fetching data ahead of time, known as prefetching in a multiprocessor environment depends a great deal on the application's access pattern. The subject of this paper is implementation and performance evaluation of a prefetching prototype in a production parallel file system on the Intel Paragon. Specifically, this paper presents: the design and implementation of a prefetching strategy in the parallel file system; and performance measurements and evaluation of the file system with and without prefetching. The prototype is designed at the operating system level for the PFS. It is implemented in the PFS subsystem of the Intel Paragon Operating System. It is observed that in many cases prefetching provides considerable performance improvements. In some other cases no improvements or some performance degradation is observed due to the overheads incurred in prefetching.
Expanded transnasal approaches to the skull base in the Middle East: Where do we stand? (2020)

None.
Quantitative Studies of Methyl Radicals Reacting with Metal Oxides (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitative Studies of Methyl Radicals Reacting with Metal OxidesMingting Xu, Todd H. Ballinger, and Jack H. LunsfordCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 39, 14494–14499Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100039a042https://doi.org/10.1021/j100039a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Cellular mechanisms of slime gland refilling in Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) (2018)

Hagfishes use their defensive slime to ward off gill-breathing predators. Slime gland refilling is a surprisingly slow process, and previous research has shown that the composition of the slime exudate changes significantly during refilling, which likely has consequences for the functionality of the slime. This study set out to expand our understanding of slime gland refilling by examining the cellular processes involved in refilling of the glands, as well as determining where in the gland the main slime cells - the gland thread cells and gland mucous cells - arise. Slime glands were electro-stimulated to exhaust their slime stores, left to refill for set periods of time, and harvested for histological and immunohistochemical examination. Whole slime glands, gland thread cell morphometrics and slime cell proportions were examined over the refilling cycle. Slime glands decreased significantly in size after exhaustion, but steadily increased in size over refilling. Gland thread cells were the limiting factor in slime gland refilling, taking longer to replenish and mature than gland mucous cells. Newly produced gland thread cells underwent most of their growth near the edge of the gland, and larger cells were found farthest from the edge of the gland. Immunohistochemical analysis also revealed proliferating cells only within the epithelial lining of the slime gland, suggesting that new slime cells originate from undifferentiated cells lining the gland. Our results provide an in-depth look at the cellular dynamics of slime gland refilling in Pacific hagfish, and provide a model for how slime glands refill at the cellular level.
Highly efficient grating coupler between optical fiber and silicon photonic circuit (2009)

we report on a highly efficient grating coupler between an optical fiber and a silicon photonic circuit. Using layers of Si/SiO2 as a Bragg mirror and amorphous Si we have measured a coupling efficiency of 69.5%.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ALKYLAMINOALKYLAMIDES OF SUBSTITUTED 2‐AMINOPYRROLES AS POTENTIAL LOCAL ANESTHETIC AND ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENTS. I: α‐AMINES (1981)

Abstract Die Aminopyrrole (I) reagieren mit den Säurechloriden (II) zu den Halogencarbonsäureamiden (III), die mit den Aminen (IV) zu den Aminosäurederivaten (V) umgesetzt werden.
The prevalence of narcolepsy among Chinese in Hong Kong (2002)

Narcolepsy is a lifelong, crippling sleep disorder. Although the discovery of the hypocretin system has been a breakthough in genetics, the epidemiological aspects of narcolepsy remain elusive. Ethnic predisposition was suggested to partially account for the 2,500-fold difference in the reported prevalence rates of narcolepsy between Japanese (0.59%) and Israeli Jews (0.00023%). We carried out a general population study, conducting a random telephone survey with a structured questionnaire, which included a validated screening instrument (a Chinese version of the Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale). It was followed by clinical-polysomnographic-HLA confirmation of the subjects determined to be positive for narcolepsy based on the questionnaire. Of 9,851 subjects interviewed, 28 subjects (0.28%, 58% female) were screened positive. Ninety percent had a second detailed interview, 64% had HLA typing, and over half of them had a sleep assessment. Only three subjects were found to have genuine narcolepsy. The most common nonnarcolepsy diagnoses were sleep apnea syndrome and sleep-wake schedule disorder. The prevalence rate of narcolepsy in Southern (Hong Kong) Chinese was found to be 0.034% (95% confidence interval = 0.010-0.117%). All available narcoleptic subjects were HLA DRB1-1501 positive and 50% were DQB1-0602 positive. The prevalence rate of narcolepsy among Chinese is comparable to the rates for other populations in studies with stringent epidemiological designs, suggesting that major cross-ethnic differences in the prevalence rates of narcolepsy previously reported likely resulted from methodological limitations.
Effects of Microstructure on Mechanical Properties of Harmonic Structure Designed Pure Ni (2019)

This study aimed at investigating the influence of microstructure on mechanical properties of Harmonic Structured (HS) pure-Ni compacts. The harmonic structure is a heterogeneous microstructure with a spatial distribution of fine grains (FG) and coarse grains (CG), that is, the CG areas (‘Core’) embedded in the matrix of three-dimensionally continuously connected network of FG areas (‘Shell’). The HS pure-Ni samples were fabricated by powder metallurgy route consisting of mechanical milling (MM) of plasma rotated electrode processed pure-Ni powder and subsequent sintering by Spark Plasma Sintering. The plastic deformation at powder particle surface increases with increasing MM time. As a result, after sintering, shell fraction also increases in the HS pure-Ni samples. It was found that the fraction of a “shell” area is an important parameter controlling the balance of the mechanical properties of the HS pure-Ni compacts. The HS pure-Ni with a higher fraction of “shell” area demonstrated higher strength and approximately similar elongation as compared to the homo Ni samples and HS pure-Ni samples containing low shell fraction. Moreover, the effects of strain hardening rates and strain hardening exponents on deformation behaviour of HS pure-Ni samples were also discussed.
Preparation and Electrochemical Activities of Pt-TiO2 Nanocomposite Electrocatalysts for PEFCs (2019)

While Pt/C is widely used as the electrocatalyst for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs), the use of oxides could improve their durability. In this study, the strong interaction between Pt and TiO2 enables to develop Pt-TiO2 nanocomposite electrocatalysts for achieving higher durability. XRD results and EDS analysis in high resolution STEM confirmed the format of nanocomposite electrocatalyst of Pt and TiO2. This nanocomposite electrocatalyst exhibits high catalyst activity preventing Pt aggregation for improved durability against potential cycling.
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCYCLES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS. PART 7. SYNTHESIS OF FURFURYL DERIVATIVES VIA 2,4,6‐TRISUBSTITUTED PYRIDINIUM SALTS (1979)

Abstract Die nucleophile Substitution der Aminogruppe in Furfurylamin (I) bei der Behandlung mit den Pyryliumperchloraten (II) führt zu den trisubstituierten Pyridiniumperchloraten (III), die Ausgangsverbindun‐ gen für neue Furfuryl‐Derivate in bequemen Synthesen sind.
Bacteriophage T5 transfer RNA. Isolation and characterization of tRNA species and refinement of the tRNA gene map. (1980)

Previous studies from this laboratory have provided a high resolution map for 16 tRNA genes located on the continuous heavy DNA strand of bacteriophage T5 DNA (Chen, M.-J., Locker, J., and Weiss, S.B. (1976) J. Biol. Chem. 251, 536-547). All of the T5 tRNA genes were located in three clusters within the DNA C segment, except for tRNAArg, which mapped on the left end of the DNA D segment (Desai, S.M., Hunt, C., Locker, J., and Weiss, S.B. (1978) J. Biol. Chem. 253, 6544-6550). In this report, we present evidence for the presence of eight additional T5 tRNA species, five of which are located in two new loci within the DNA C segment. We also describe a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis system for the separation and isolation of T5 tRNA species from crude infected RNA preparations. The gel electrophoresis system separates tRNA isoacceptors specific for different amino acids; evidence is presented that the isoacceptors for isoleucine, histidine, and serine are coded by different T5 genes.
Phosphine-Catalyzed Cycloadditions of Allenic Ketones:  New Substrates for Nucleophilic Catalysis (2007)

A range of phosphine-catalyzed cycloaddition reactions of allenic ketones have been studied, extending the scope of these processes from the more widely used 2,3-butadienoates to allow access to a number of synthetically useful products. Reaction of allenyl methyl ketone 4 with exo-enones afforded spirocyclic compounds in good regioselectivity and promising enantioselectivity via a [2 + 3] cycloaddtion. Aromatic allenyl ketones undergo a phosphine-promoted dimerization to afford functionalized pyrans, leading to a formal [2 + 4] Diels-Alder product, but did not react in the [2 + 3] cycloaddition. The results from other reactions that had found utility with 2,3-butadienoates are also reported.