gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxygen Generating Biomaterials Preserve Skeletal Muscle Homeostasis under Hypoxic and Ischemic Conditions (2013)

Provision of supplemental oxygen to maintain soft tissue viability acutely following trauma in which vascularization has been compromised would be beneficial for limb and tissue salvage. For this application, an oxygen generating biomaterial that may be injected directly into the soft tissue could provide an unprecedented treatment in the acute trauma setting. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine if sodium percarbonate (SPO), an oxygen generating biomaterial, is capable of maintaining resting skeletal muscle homeostasis under otherwise hypoxic conditions. In the current studies, a biologically and physiologically compatible range of SPO (1-2 mg/mL) was shown to: 1) improve the maintenance of contractility and attenuate the accumulation of HIF1α, depletion of intramuscular glycogen, and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation) that occurred following ∼30 minutes of hypoxia in primarily resting (duty cycle = 0.2 s train/120 s contraction interval <0.002) rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles in vitro (95% N2-5% CO2, 37°C); 2) attenuate elevations of rat EDL muscle resting tension that occurred during contractile fatigue testing (3 bouts of 25 100 Hz tetanic contractions; duty cycle = 0.2 s/2 s = 0.1) under oxygenated conditions in vitro (95% O2-5% CO2, 37°C); and 3) improve the maintenance of contractility (in vivo) and prevent glycogen depletion in rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in a hindlimb ischemia model (i.e., ligation of the iliac artery). Additionally, injection of a commercially available lipid oxygen-carrying compound or the components (sodium bicarbonate and hydrogen peroxide) of 1 mg/mL SPO did not improve EDL muscle contractility under hypoxic conditions in vitro. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that a biological and physiological concentration of SPO (1-2 mg/mL) injected directly into rat skeletal muscle (EDL or TA muscles) can partially preserve resting skeletal muscle homeostasis under hypoxic conditions.
Solid Incorporation of AlGaN and Influence of Growth Interruption on GaN/AlGaN Quantum Well Structures Grown by MOCVD (1999)

The AlGaN alloys and GaN/Al0.16Ga0.84N single quantum well structures have been grown on (0001) sapphire substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) with growth condition varied. Both the Al composition and the growth rate of AlGaN are strongly affected by gas-phase parasitic reaction between ammonia and TMAl. We achieved a high Hall mobility of 270 cm2/Vs at room temperature in Al0.075G0.925N grown under the optimum source flow rate. In addition, the influence of growth interruption on the optical quality of GaN/AlGaN single quantum well (QW) structures was studied to realize high-quality QWs. Photoluminescence measurements revealed that the emission peak is blue-shifted as the interruption time increases and the emission intensity is maximized at a second short interruption time.
Blood transfusion and survival following surgery for prostatic carcinoma (1990)

Blood transfusion in the perioperative period has been reported to have a detrimental effect on survival in many types of cancer. Other studies have failed to confirm this. We have examined retrospectively the records of 246 patients with prostatic carcinoma who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in Aberdeen Royal Infirmary between 1977 and 1982. Bilateral orchiectomy (BLO) was performed in 193 patients. Of these patients, 71 of 246 (29 per cent) received perioperative blood transfusion. After controlling for differences due to a number of variables, transfusion of non-autologous blood was shown to be associated with a significant negative effect on survival. Perioperative transfusion of non-autologous blood should be avoided in patients with malignancy, unless there are clear overriding clinical indications. Prospective trials are needed urgently.
Turbo equalisation for the Enhanced GPRS system (2002)

The iterative receiver structures can often improve the performance with a reasonable level of complexity. We study an iterative equalisation technique, i.e., turbo equalisation (TE), which enables to improve the performance by signal processing means in the receiver-without altering any other part of the system. TE is based on the feedback information from the channel decoder into the equaliser. That information is used as a priori information in the equaliser to start a new iteration, which provides more reliable decisions. The performance evaluation for Enhanced General Packet Radio System (EGPRS) shows that TE is beneficial for 8-PSK modulation in particular giving a 2 dB gain with one extra iteration. However, TE requires a soft-in-soft-out (SISO) decoder to be used, since the feedback information from the decoder should contain reliability information.
Effects of Yoga Versus Walking on Mood, Anxiety, and Brain GABA Levels: A Randomized Controlled MRS Study (2010)

The 12-week yoga intervention was associated with greater improvements in mood and anxiety than a metabolically matched walking exercise. This is the first study to demonstrate that increased thalamic GABA levels are associated with improved mood and decreased anxiety. It is also the first time that a behavioral intervention (i.e., yoga postures) has been associated with a positive correlation between acute increases in thalamic GABA levels and improvements in mood and anxiety scales. Given that pharmacologic agents that increase the activity of the GABA system are prescribed to improve mood and decrease anxiety, the reported correlations are in the expected direction. The possible role of GABA in mediating the beneficial effects of yoga on mood and anxiety warrants further study.
Polyamine metabolism in a member of the phylum Microspora (Encephalitozoon cuniculi): effects of polyamine analogues (2004)

The uptake, biosynthesis and catabolism of polyamines in the microsporidian parasite Encephalitozoon cuniculi are detailed with reference to the effects of oligoamine and arylamine analogues of polyamines. Enc. cuniculi, an intracellular parasite of mammalian cells, has both biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes of polyamine metabolism, as demonstrated in cell-free extracts of mature spores. The uptake of polyamines was measured in immature, pre-emergent spores isolated from host cells by Percoll gradient. Spermine was rapidly taken up and metabolized to spermidine and an unknown, possibly acetamidopropanal, by spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase (SSAT) and polyamine oxidase (PAO). Most of the spermidine and the unknown product were found in the cell incubation medium, indicating they were released from the cell. bis(Ethyl) oligoamine analogues of polyamines, such as SL-11144 and SL-11158, as well as arylamine analogues [BW-1, a bis(phenylbenzyl) 3-7-3 analogue] blocked uptake and interconversion of spermine at micromolar levels and, in the case of BW-1, acted as substrate for PAO. The Enc. cuniculi PAO activity differed from that found in mammalian cells with respect to pH optimum, substrate specificity and sensitivity to known PAO inhibitors. SL-11158 inhibited SSAT activity with a mixed type of inhibition in which the analogue had a 70-fold higher affinity for the enzyme than the natural substrate, spermine. The interest in Enc. cuniculi polyamine metabolism and the biochemical effects of these polyamine analogues is warranted since they cure model infections of Enc. cuniculi in mice and are potential candidates for human clinical trials.
Temporal changes in resting state networks induced by propofol anesthesia (2021)

Abstract The cerebral cortical changes associated with propofol-induced unconsciousness remain unknown. While the anesthetic agent affects the entire cerebral cortices, there might be spatiotemporal differences in cortical changes. In particular, we hypothesized that there might be spatiotemporal differences in cortical changes with propofol-anesthesia. To address this hypothesis, we investigated power spectrum changes in electrocorticography (ECoG) signals obtained during the induction phase from awake state to unconsciousness. We found that, 1) the power increased in the range of frequencies &lt; 46 Hz (delta to low gamma), and decreased in the range (62–150) Hz (high gamma), in global channels during the induction phase. 2) The power in the frontoparietal network (FPN), specifically the superior parietal lobule and prefrontal cortex, started to change early, but took a long time to completely change. However, the power in the default mode network (DMN) started to change late, but took a short time to completely change. 3) The power change ( ΔPower ) in the DMN was more conspicuous than that of the dorsal attention network (DAN) in high gamma frequency. Considering that the FPN is involved in communication with the external world and that DMN is involved in communication with self, loss of consciousness induced by general anesthesia results from first, disrupted communication between self and external world, and is then followed by disrupted communication within self, with decreased activity of the FPN, and later, attenuated activity of the DMN. Significance Statement We investigated the spatiotemporal changes of power spectrum in human electrocorticography (ECoG) during the induction phase from awake state to unconsciousness. We found that from delta to low gamma frequency, the power increased, while in high gamma frequency, the power decreased over all channels. The power in the frontoparietal network (FPN) preferentially changed, then the power in the DMN changed later. The power in DMN decreased more than those in other RSNs in high gamma frequency. Loss of consciousness induced by general anesthesia results from first, disrupted communication between self and external world, followed by disrupted communication within self, with decreased activity of the FPN, and later, attenuated activity of the DMN.
A physiological pharmacokinetic model describing the disposition of lycopene in healthy men (2003)

A physiological pharmacokinetic model was developed to describe the disposition of lycopene, delivered as a tomato beverage formulation in five graded doses (10, 30, 60, 90, or 120 mg), for a phase I study in healthy male subjects (five per dose). Blood was collected before dose administration (0 h) and at scheduled intervals until 672 h. Serum concentrations of carotenoids and vitamins were measured by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. The model was comprised of seven compartments: gastrointestinal tract, enterocytes, chylomicrons, plasma lipoproteins, fast-turnover liver, slow-turnover tissues, and a delay compartment before the enterocytes. As predicted, the percent absorption at the 10 mg dose (33.9 +/- 8.1%) was significantly greater than at the higher doses; however, the amount of lycopene absorbed (mg) was not statistically different (mean: 4.69 +/- 0.55 mg) between doses, suggesting a possible saturation of absorptive mechanisms. The slow-turnover tissue compartment served as a slow-depleting reservoir for lycopene, and the liver represented the fast-turnover pool. Independent of dose, 80% of the subjects absorbed less than 6 mg of lycopene. This may have important implications for planning clinical trials with pharmacological doses of lycopene in cancer control and prevention if absorption saturation occurs at levels that are already being consumed in the population.
Debuggable concurrency extensions for standard ML (1991)

article Debuggable concurrency extensions for standard ML Share on Authors: Andrew P. Tolmach Princeton University Princeton UniversityView Profile , Andrew W. Appel Princeton University Princeton UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGPLAN NoticesVolume 26Issue 12Dec. 1991 pp 120–131https://doi.org/10.1145/127695.122770Online:01 December 1991Publication History 12citation182DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations12Total Downloads182Last 12 Months3Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
ChromAIX (2020)

The advent of energy-discriminating photon-counting detectors will result in a further significant increase of sensitivity and higher specificity, while requiring lower dose than current state-of-the-art computed tomography (CT). Exploiting energy information of the impinging photons of the polychromatic emission of the X-ray tube allows distinguishing the two main physical causes of energy-dependent attenuation. The ChromAIX2 already exhibits a large area coverage to facilitate evaluating the Spectral CT image quality, and is 3-side-buttable to support a CT scanner of about 2 cm isocenter coverage. The pixel pitch has been increased from the 300 µm featured in ChromAIX1 to 500 µm. The larger pixels ensure a better energy response as it is less affected by charge sharing. In contrast to the ChromAIX1 device, a baseline restoration circuit has been included in the front-end for dynamic leakage current compensation.
Characterization of tick salivary gland and saliva alphagalactome reveals candidate alpha-gal syndrome disease biomarkers (2021)

The results support the presence of tick-derived proteins with α-Gal modifications in the saliva with potential implications in AGS and other disorders and protective capacity against tick infestations and pathogen infection. Future research should focus on the characterization of the function of tick glycoproteins with α-Gal in tick biology and AGS.
Radiation chemistry of cyanine dyes: oxidation and reduction of merocyanine 540 (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadiation chemistry of cyanine dyes: oxidation and reduction of merocyanine 540Anthony Harriman, Lian C. T. Shoute, and P. NetaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 6, 2415–2420Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100159a055https://doi.org/10.1021/j100159a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views304Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Operating Experience of Fast Breeder Test Reactor (2009)

Sodium cooled fast breeder reactors constitute the second stage of India’s three-stage nuclear energy programme, for effective utilization of the country’s limited reserves of natural uranium and exploitation of its large reserves of thorium. The Fast Breeder Test Reactor (FBTR) at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, is a sodium cooled, loop type fast reactor. Its main aim is to provide experience in fast reactor operation and large scale sodium handling and to serve as a test bed for irradiation of fast reactor fuels and materials. FBTR was built on the lines of the French Rapsodie-Fortissimo reactor, with modifications to make it a generating plant. FBTR heat transport system consists of two primary sodium loops, two secondary sodium loops and one common tertiary steam and water circuit. The steam water system mainly consists of a once-through steam generator, which produces super heated steam at a pressure of 125 bars and temperature of 480° C, feed water system and condensate system. The steam produced is supplied to a condensing turbine coupled to an alternator. The reactor achieved first criticality in Oct 85 with a small core of 22 fuel subassemblies (SA) having a unique carbide fuel rich in Pu. This fuel (called MK-I) was developed and made in India and has a composition of 70% PuC-30% UC. The steam generator was put in service in Jan.1993 and turbine generator was synchronized to the grid in July 1997. In the light of the excellent performance of the carbide fuel, which has endured a burn-up of 155 GWd/t without any clad failure, the core has been gradually expanded by the addition of mark II (55% PuC-45% UC) and MOX (44% PuO2−56% UO2) fuel SA to compensate for the burn-up reactivity loss, and the reactor power has been progressively raised from 10.6 MWt to a maximum of 17.4 MWt. Over the years, several safety related experiments have been conducted. These include natural convection tests and experiments to validate the Failed Fuel Detection System. The challenges faced include a major fuel handling incident, primary sodium leak and reactivity transients. Two major modifications were carried out — one on the Steam Generator Leak Detection System and the other in the steam-water circuit. These helped in improving the campaign availability from less than 50% to more than 90%. The main component limiting the life of reactor is the grid plate supporting the core. The fast flux at the grid plate was measured using Np foils. The residual life of the grid plate has been estimated as 11 effective full power years. The paper presents operating experience of the reactor, performance of the carbide fuel, safety related experiments done in the reactor, various challenges faced, various modifications carried out to improve system reliability and availability and residual life assessment of the reactor.
The Optimization of the Prevascularization Procedures for Improving Subcutaneous Islet Engraftment (2017)

These results suggest that optimizing biomaterials to induce efficient prevascularization could be a novel strategy for improving subcutaneous islet transplantation.
Towards a comprehensive characterisation of the human internal chemical exposome: Challenges and perspectives (2021)

The holistic characterisation of the human internal chemical exposome using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) would be a step forward to investigate the environmental ætiology of chronic diseases with an unprecedented precision. HRMS-based methods are currently operational to reproducibly profile thousands of endogenous metabolites as well as externally-derived chemicals and their biotransformation products in a large number of biological samples from human cohorts. These approaches provide a solid ground for the discovery of unrecognised biomarkers of exposure and metabolic effects associated with many chronic diseases. Nevertheless, some limitations remain and have to be overcome so that chemical exposomics can provide unbiased detection of chemical exposures affecting disease susceptibility in epidemiological studies. Some of these limitations include (i) the lack of versatility of analytical techniques to capture the wide diversity of chemicals; (ii) the lack of analytical sensitivity that prevents the detection of exogenous (and endogenous) chemicals occurring at (ultra) trace levels from restricted sample amounts, and (iii) the lack of automation of the annotation/identification process. In this article, we discuss a number of technological and methodological limitations hindering applications of HRMS-based methods and propose initial steps to push towards a more comprehensive characterisation of the internal chemical exposome. We also discuss other challenges including the need for harmonisation and the difficulty inherent in assessing the dynamic nature of the internal chemical exposome, as well as the need for establishing a strong international collaboration, high level networking, and sustainable research infrastructure. A great amount of research, technological development and innovative bio-informatics tools are still needed to profile and characterise the "invisible" (not profiled), "hidden" (not detected) and "dark" (not annotated) components of the internal chemical exposome and concerted efforts across numerous research fields are paramount.
Design Strategy and Approach to Increase the Selectivity of 1,2-Bis(Sulfonyl)-1-Alkylhydrazine Warheads in Tumor-Targeted Applications (2021)

The 1,2-bis(sulfonyl)hydrazines (BSHs) have very short tunable half-life values, which give them unmatched abilities in terms of their activity confinement to the target site. Furthermore, their therapeutic cytotoxicity, which is delivered as a consequence of their decay, is due to the alkylation of the O-6 position of guanine. This has led to the suggested use of BSHs in tumor targeted applications, in particular to target the subset of tumors lacking O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), the sole enzyme involved in the repair of guanine O-6 alkyl lesions. While current BSHs largely owe their therapeutic cytotoxicity to the alkylation of the O-6 position of guanine, there is evidence that alkylation does occur at multiple sites in DNA, and in other biomolecules, as a consequence of alternative decomposition pathways that lead to the production of electrophiles with a preference for other nucleophilic sites. In this paper we discuss strategies to minimize these alternative reaction pathways, thereby further increasing the activity and selectivity of all categories of BSH prodrugs.
A fully integrated, highly linear SiGe BiCMOS class-AB power amplifier targeting 2.4GHz applications (2010)

This paper presents a 2.4 GHz fully integrated power amplifier based on 0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology for wireless local area network applications. The power amplifier shows a 1 dB compression output power of 22.19 dBm at an input power of 0.135 dBm. A temperature-insensitive bias circuit is used in this PA design to improve the amplifier linearity. The total fabricated die size is about 1.5 mm × 1.2 mm. The designed PA based on SiGe BiCMOS technology demonstrates a competitive linearity performance compared with GaAs, when considering the factors of cost and process complexity.
Aedes aegypti oviposition‐sites choice under semi‐field conditions (2023)

Vector control is still the recommended approach to avoid arbovirus outbreaks. Herein, we investigate oviposition preferences of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) females under a semi-field structure Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. For that, in Experiment 1, we used two settings: 'Single items', which included as containers drain, beer bottle, bucket, car tyre, water tank, and a potted Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum wallisii) in a saucer with water, or 'Multiple containers', as an urban simulation, in which one drain, two additional beer bottles, and an extra plant pot saucer were added. Experiment 2 (sensory cues) used five variations of potted plant, each one varying in the range of sensory cues known to attract gravid females to oviposition containers. Our results indicate that gravid Ae. aegypti prefer to oviposit close to the ground and in open water containers with organic compounds from plant watering. Domestic large artificial containers containing tap water received significantly fewer eggs, except for the car tyre, which exhibited as many eggs as the potted plant. We also show that visual (potted plant shape) and olfactory clues (odour of the plant or from water containing organic matter) were equally attractive separately as were these stimuli together.