gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensing and Recognition When Primary User Has Multiple Transmit Power Levels (2015)

In this paper, a new cognitive radio (CR) scenario called Multiple Primary Transmit Power (MPTP) is investigated where the primary user (PU) could possibly work on more than one discrete transmit power levels. Different from most existing literatures where PU is assumed to operate with a constant transmit power only, this new consideration well matches the practical standards, e.g., IEEE 802.11 Series, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, etc., as well as the adaptive powering concept that a user would vary its transmit power under different situations. The primary target of CR under MPTP may still be detecting the presence of PU. However, there emerges a secondary target as to identify the PU's transmit power level. Compared to the existing sensing strategy where the secondary user (SU) only detects the “on-off” status of PU, recognizing the transmit power level of PU achieves more “cognition” and makes the CR more intelligent. Meanwhile, SU could utilize the power level information of PU and make the subsequent design. We derive quite many closed-form results for either the threshold expressions or the performance analysis in this new CR scenario, from which many interesting points and discussions are raised. We then study the cooperative sensing schemes under MPTP and demonstrate their significant differences from traditional cooperative algorithms. Lastly, numerical examples are provided to corroborate the proposed studies.
PARTIAL SPECIFIC VOLUMES AND REFRACTIVE INDEX INCREMENTS IN MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS1 (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPARTIAL SPECIFIC VOLUMES AND REFRACTIVE INDEX INCREMENTS IN MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS1Edward F. Casassa and Henryk EisenbergCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1961, 65, 3, 427–433Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100821a010https://doi.org/10.1021/j100821a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views534Altmetric-Citations153LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs (2017)

Weanling pigs (n = 108, 21 d of age, 5.82 +/- 0.16 kg initial BW) were assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to evaluate the effects of dietary levels of CP (high-and low-CP diets) and dried citrus pulp (DCP; 0% and 7.5%) on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation. Pigs were blocked by initial BW and allotted to 1 of 9 pens, each containing 3 pigs. The high-CP diets consisted of feeding 20% and 21% CP levels throughout phase 1 (0 to 14 d) and phase 2 (14 to 28 d), respectively. For the low-CP diets, CP levels were reduced by 4% units as compared with the highCP diets in both phases. Crystalline AA were supplied to maintain an ideal AA pattern. Pig BW and pen feed disappearance were recorded weekly. On d 7 and 28 postweaning, 1 pig from each pen was euthanized for collection of small intestinal tissues and digesta from cecum and colon. There were no CP x DCP interactions for growth performance and gut morphology. Although the low-CP diet decreased ADG (P = 0.03) and G: F (P = 0.02) from d 21 to 28 postweaning, overall performance was unaffected by the treatments. On d 7 postweaning, pigs fed the low-CP diet tended to have increased (P = 0.09) crypt depth in the duode-num. Low-CP diets tended to increase (P = 0.06) crypt depth and reduce (P = 0.08) villus: crypt ratio in the jejunum on d 7. Dietary treatments did not affect ileal morphology. On d 7 postweaning, low-CP diets tended to reduce (P = 0.09) cecal total VFA, whereas dietary DCP inclusion tended to decrease (P = 0.07) colonic propionate. Including 7.5% DCP to the diet decreased (P < 0.05) colonic isovalerate and ammonia N concentrations on d 7 only for pigs fed the low-CP diet. On d 28 postweaning, DCP inclusion in low-CP diets decreased (P < 0.05) butyrate, isovalerate, and valerate concentrations in the cecum, as well as isovalerate, valerate, and ammonia N concentrations in the colon. Including 7.5% DCP to the diet increased (P < 0.05) acetate: propionate ratio in the hindgut on both d 7 and 28 postweaning only for pigs fed the high-CP diet. Lactate concentration was unaffected by the treatments. These results indicate that feeding low-CP AA-supplemented diets did not compromise overall growth performance, but slightly increased damage in the gut morphology of weanling pigs. Moreover, adding 7.5% DCP to lowCP AA-supplemented diets shifted the fermentation pattern in the hindgut of weanling pigs by decreasing protein fermentation metabolites.
The usability of semantic search tools: a review (2007)

Abstract The goal of semantic search is to improve on traditional search methods by exploiting the semantic metadata. In this paper, we argue that supporting iterative and exploratory search modes is important to the usability of all search systems. We also identify the types of semantic queries the users need to make, the issues concerning the search environment and the problems that are intrinsic to semantic search in particular. We then review the four modes of user interaction in existing semantic search systems, namely keyword-based, form-based, view-based and natural language-based systems. Future development should focus on multimodal search systems, which exploit the advantages of more than one mode of interaction, and on developing the search systems that can search heterogeneous semantic metadata on the open semantic Web.
Adenoviruses with nonidentical terminal sequences are viable (1989)

Adenovirus genomes consist of linear DNA molecules containing inverted terminal repeat sequences (ITRs) of 100 to 200 base pairs. The importance of identical termini for viability of adenoviruses was investigated. The viral strains used in this study were wild-type adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) and a variant Ad2 strain with termini which were distinct from those of all other human adenoviruses sequenced to date. A hybrid virus (sub54), obtained by recombination between Ad2 and Ad5, derived the left 42 to 52% of its genome from Ad2 and the right 58 to 48% from Ad5. Southern blotting analysis with labeled oligodeoxynucleotides indicated that both Ad2 and Ad5 ITRs were present in sub54 viral DNA preparations, and successive plaque purifications of sub54 demonstrated that viruses with nonidentical terminal sequences were viable but were rapidly converted to viruses with identical ends. Cloning of the sub54 genome as a bacterial plasmid supported the observations made by analysis of sub54 virion DNA. A plasmid, pFG154, was isolated which contained the entire adenovirus genome with an Ad2 ITR at the left terminus covalently linked to an Ad5 ITR at the right terminus. Upon transfection of mammalian cells with pFG154, viral progeny were obtained which had all possible combinations of termini, thus confirming that molecules with nonidentical termini are viable. Pure populations of viruses with nonidentical termini could not be isolated, suggesting efficient repair of one end with the opposite terminus used as a template. A model for this process is proposed involving strand displacement replication and emphasizing the importance of panhandle formation (annealing of terminal sequences) as a replicative intermediate.
Evolution to plasmablastic lymphoma evades CD19‐directed chimeric antigen receptor T cells (2015)

A patient with relapsed and refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with Richter transformation was treated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells targeted for CD19 but later relapsed with a clonally related plasmablastic lymphoma. The loss of most routine markers of pre-plasma cell or B lymphoid differentiation (including CD19) highlights the ability of such mature lymphomas to evade lineage-specific targeted immunotherapy by differentiating along pathways comparable to their normal cellular counterparts. Molecular genetic evaluation demonstrated multiple independent lines of CD19-negative disease that eventually evolved in this single patient. Such plasticity represents potential challenges for antigen-directed CAR-T cell therapy, while serving as a testament to the selective pressure exerted by these engineered T cells over time.
S‐Nitrosated Polypropylene Sulfide Nanoparticles for Thiol‐Dependent Transnitrosation and Toxicity Against Adult Female Filarial Worms (2015)

A synthetic polymer nanoparticle formulation utilizing the physiological nitrosothiol chemistry for nitric oxide delivery is shown. Toxicity of S-nitroso nanoparticles against adult female Brugia malayi worms, which are responsible for lymphatic filariasis, is dependent on nitric oxide release through transnitrosation as S-nitrosocysteine, a potent endogenous nitric oxide donor.
Super-bandgap light stimulated reversible transformation and laser-driven mass transport at the surface of As2S3 chalcogenide nanolayers studied in situ (2018)

The super-bandgap laser irradiation of the <i>in situ</i> prepared As-S chalcogenide films was found to cause drastic structural transformations and unexpected selective diffusion processes, leading to As enrichment on the nanolayer surface. Excitation energy dependent synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy showed complete reversibility of the molecular transformations and selective laser-driven mass transport during "laser irradiation"-"thermal annealing" cycles. Molecular modeling and density functional theory calculations performed on As-rich cage-like clusters built from basic structural units indicate that the underlying microscopic mechanism of laser induced transformations is connected with the realgar-pararealgar transition in the As-S structure. The detected changes in surface composition as well as the related local and molecular structural transformations are analyzed and a model is proposed and discussed in detail. It is suggested that the formation of a concentration gradient is a result of bond cleavage and molecular reorientation during transformations and anisotropic molecular diffusion.
Biopharmaceutical profiling of sesamol: physiochemical characterization, gastrointestinal permeability and pharmacokinetic evaluation (2014)

Well established biological activity of sesamol in diverse pathologies coupled with favorable solubility, log<italic>P</italic>, GIT permeability, pharmacokinetics and small size indicate great potential for clinical application.
SU-E-I-55: The Contribution to Skin Dose Due to Scatter From the Patient Table and the Head Holder During Fluoroscopy (2015)

Purpose: To determine contributions to skin dose due to scatter from the table and head holder used during fluoroscopy, and also to explore alternative design material to reduce the scatter dose. Methods: Measurements were made of the primary and scatter components of the xray beam exiting the patient table and a cylindrical head holder used on a Toshiba Infinix c-arm unit as a function of kVp for the various beam filters on the machine and for various field sizes. The primary component of the beam was measured in air with the object placed close to the x-ray tube with an air gap between it and a 6 cc parallel-plate ionization chamber and with the beam collimated to a size just larger than the chamber. The primary plus scatter radiation components were measured with the object moved to a position in the beam next to the chamber for larger field sizes. Both sets of measurements were preformed while keeping the source-to-chamber distance fixed. The scatter fraction was estimated by taking the ratio of the difference between the two measurements and the reading that included both primary and scatter. Similar measurements were also made for a 2.3 cm thick Styrofoam block which could substitute for the patient support. Results: The measured scatter fractions indicate that the patient table as well as the head holder contributes an additional 10–16% to the patient entrance dose depending on field size. Forward scatter was reduced with the Styrofoam block so that the scatter fraction was about 4–5%. Conclusion: The results of this investigation demonstrated that scatter from the table and head holder used in clinical fluoroscopy contribute substantially to the skin dose. The lower contribution of scatter from Styrofoam suggests that there is an opportunity to redesign patient support accessories to reduce the skin dose. Partial support from NIH grant R01EB002873 and Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation Equipment Grant
A luminous blue kilonova and an off-axis jet from a compact binary merger at z = 0.1341 (2018)

The recent discovery of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) coincident with the gravitational-wave (GW) event GW170817 revealed the existence of a population of low-luminosity short duration gamma-ray transients produced by neutron star mergers in the nearby Universe. These events could be routinely detected by existing gamma-ray monitors, yet previous observations failed to identify them without the aid of GW triggers. Here we show that GRB150101B is an analogue of GRB170817A located at a cosmological distance. GRB150101B is a faint short burst characterized by a bright optical counterpart and a long-lived X-ray afterglow. These properties are unusual for standard short GRBs and are instead consistent with an explosion viewed off-axis: the optical light is produced by a luminous kilonova, while the observed X-rays trace the GRB afterglow viewed at an angle of ~13°. Our findings suggest that these properties could be common among future electromagnetic counterparts of GW sources.
Progressive increase in conduction velocity across human mesenchymal stem cells is mediated by enhanced electrical coupling (2006)

CV across hMSCs increases progressively after 7 days of co-incubation with CMCs, most likely via improved electrotonic interaction. This is associated with increased Cx43 expression, increased functional gap junctional coupling, and enhanced intercellular electrical coupling between hMSCs and CMCs.
Cost-Effective Bulk Glass Reinforced Composite Columns (2020)

The cost of construction has been increasing, stemming mostly from increased material costs. One potential method to address this issue is the introduction of novel composites for use in structural applications. Bulk glass may prove to be a superior compositing material due to its low cost and high strength. The introduction of bulk soda-lime glass to structural applications is nontrivial; due to glass’ unique properties, such as its relatively low Young’s modulus (when compared to steel) and brittleness, compositing glass has proven difficult. A novel concept of a glass-reinforced composite column (GRCC) is introduced that works to benefit from glass’ unique properties for structural applications. The results indicate that GRCCs can be designed that have costs that are estimated to be 11% less than typical timber construction members. Additionally, GRCCs are estimated to provide a 50% cost advantage over similarly strong structural steel sections. By interpreting the results of finite element modeling, which was conducted iteratively to form buckling load to cost curves, three regions were identified that occur as the glass percentage is increased. These regions also exist with columns made of other materials (such as steel). Additionally, the finite element modeling (FEM)-determined shear stresses have smaller values than the shear strengths of typical sizing agents. In conclusion, GRCCs provide significant cost advantages (up to 50% cost reduction) over steel, and slight cost advantages when compared to structural timbers, although GRCCs have the added benefit of consisting of non-degrading materials.
Distinct deletions of chromosome 9p associated with melanoma versus glioma, lung cancer, and leukemia. (1994)

Deletions of DNA on chromosome 9p21-22 are frequently observed in cells derived from melanomas, gliomas, non-small cell lung cancers, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The minimal deletion shared by the latter three cancers extends from the interferon-alpha locus towards the centromere; its centromeric end is flanked by the gene encoding methylthioadenosine phosphorylase. We have determined that the telomeric end of the minimal homozygous deletion shared by two melanoma cell lines does not include the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase locus. Thus, a distinct region of DNA is lost in melanoma. The physical size of this region remains to be defined precisely, but it may extend over several million base pairs.
Design-Oriented Comprehensive Time-Domain Model for CLLC Class Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Various Operation Modes (2019)

A comprehensive time-domain model of a CLLC class isolated bidirectional dc-dc converter (IBDC) is proposed in this article. Based on the circuit analysis and the solution of the state equations, analytical expressions of the state variables are provided. The model is a piecewise time-domain analytical model and can accurately describe the transformer currents and capacitor voltages under almost all basic types of control strategies, e.g., phase-shift control and frequency modulation control. With the model, the steady-state analysis of the IBDC can speed up evidently (up to 330 times faster compared to MATLAB/Simulink and more than 10 times compared to SIMPLIS and PLECS), which gives great support to parameter sweep and case comparison in the design procedure. By assigning specific parameters, the presented model can also be applied to the analysis of the LLC resonant IBDC or typical DAB IBDC since the LLC converter and DAB converter are similar to the CLLC converter in the circuit topology. The transformation of the model from CLLC to LLC/DAB is provided and several application examples are given. Finally, the simulation and experimental results are presented, verifying the effectiveness of the model.
Roseomonas elaeocarpi sp. nov., isolated from olive (Elaeocarpus hygrophilus Kurz.) phyllosphere (2015)

An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, coccobacillus-shaped, non-endospore-forming, pink-pigmented bacterium, designated PN2T, was isolated from an olive leaf. The strain grew at 15-35 °C with an optimum temperature for growth at 30 °C, and at pH 5.0-7.5 with an optimum pH for growth at 6.0. Growth was observed in the presence of up to 1.02 % (w/v) NaCl. The major fatty acids were C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, unknown aminolipids, an unknown phospholipid and an unknown lipid. The respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10. The DNA G+C content of strain PN2T was 70.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain PN2T was closely related to members of the genus Roseomonas and shared highest similarity with Roseomonas mucosa ATCC BAA-692T (96.5 %), Roseomonas gilardii subsp. gilardii ATCC 49956T (96.2 %) and Roseomonas gilardii subsp. rosea ATCC BAA-691T (96.2 %). Furthermore, the DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain PN2T and the closest related species R. mucosa ATCC BAA-692T was 27 %. These data allowed the phenotypic and genotypic differentiation of strain PN2T from its closest phylogenetic neighbour (R. mucosa ATCC BAA-692T). Based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain PN2T is classified as representing a novel species of the genus Roseomonas for which the name Roseomonas elaeocarpi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PN2T ( = BCC 44864T = NBRC 107871T).
Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and the Risk for Cardiovascular Outcomes in Routine Care Patients With Diabetes Across Categories of Cardiovascular Disease (2021)

Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School.
Carbon dioxide fluxes over grassland ecosystems in the Middle Tianshan region of China with eddy covariance method (2023)

Abstract Grassland ecosystems are an important component of global terrestrial ecosystems and play a critical role in the carbon cycle of ecosystems. It is important to study the Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) process in the Middle Tianshan grassland ecosystem, which can be regarded as a typical representative of the mountain grasslands in Xinjiang. Eddy Covariance (EC) was used to continuously observe Xinjiang’s Middle Tianshan grassland ecosystem during the 2018 growing season. The results showed significant daily and monthly variations in net ecosystem exchange (NEE), gross primary productivity (GPP), and ecosystem respiration (Reco). On a daily scale, there was a net uptake of CO 2 during the day and a net release during the night. The grassland was a carbon sink from 6:00 to 18:00 and a carbon source for the rest of the day. At the monthly scale, June and July were carbon sinks, while the other months were carbon sources. The accumulated NEE, GPP, and Reco throughout the growing season were − 329.49 g C m − 2 , 779.04 g C m − 2 , and 449.55 g C m − 2 , respectively. On the half-hourly and daily scales, soil temperature (Ts) contributed the most to CO 2 fluxes and was the main factor influencing variations in CO 2 fluxes, while air temperature (Ta) was also highly correlated with CO 2 fluxes. CO 2 uptake in grassland ecosystems was strongest and peaked at soil temperatures of 25°C. As the air temperature reaches above 15℃, NEE gradually decreases while CO 2 uptake increases.