gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Acetyl‐2‐methyl‐4‐nitro‐6‐phenyl‐3(2H)‐pyridazinone: Versatile Precursor to Hetero‐Condensed Pyridazinones. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inhibiting Signal Transduction as an Approach to Radiosensitizing Tumor Cells (2003)

Tumors and normal tissues vary widely in their sensitivity to radiation. A combination of the cellular signals that originate within a cell and those in response to environmental factors outside the cell interact to determine the relative resistance or sensitivity of cells to radiation. Either of these determinants of radiation sensitivity provides potential targets for enhancing radiation-induced tumor cell killing. Of particular interest are signaling pathways that differ in normal and tumor cells as a result of oncogenic activation. Such pathways present potentially useful targets for differential inactivation as an approach to radiosensitization.
Isobolographic Analysis in Mice of the Interaction of Gabapentin and Nortriptyline in Relieving Orofacial Pain (2013)

The findings of this study are important, because they are concordant with some clinical studies and also raise the possibility of potential clinical advantages of combining gabapentin and nortriptyline in pain management, since the low doses of the components may potentially have a lower incidence of adverse reactions.
Application of the Lugano Classification for Initial Evaluation, Staging, and Response Assessment of Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: The PRoLoG Consensus Initiative (Part 1—Clinical) (2022)

Our objective was to provide consensus recommendations from a consortium of academic and industry experts in the field of lymphoma and imaging for consistent application of the Lugano classification. <b>Methods:</b> Consensus was obtained through a series of meetings from July 2019 until September 2021 sponsored by the Pharma Imaging Network for Therapeutics and Diagnostics (PINTaD) as part of the PINTaD Response Criteria in Lymphoma Working Group (PRoLoG) consensus initiative. <b>Results:</b> Consensus recommendations clarified technical considerations for PET/CT and diagnostic CT from the Lugano classification, including updating the FDG avidity of different lymphoma entities, clarifying the response nomenclature, and refining lesion classification and scoring, especially with regard to scores 4 and 5 and the X category of the 5-point scale. Combination of metabolic and anatomic responses is clarified, as well as response assessment in cases of discordant or missing evaluations. Use of clinical data in the classification, especially the requirement for bone marrow assessment, is further updated on the basis of lymphoma entities. Clarification is provided with regard to spleen and liver measurements and evaluation, as well as nodal response. <b>Conclusion:</b> Consensus recommendations are made to comprehensively address areas of inconsistency and ambiguity in the classification encountered during response evaluation by end users, and such guidance should be used as a companion to the 2014 Lugano classification.
Xanthine Oxidase Drives Hemolysis and Vascular Malfunction in Sickle Cell Disease (2020)

Ten weeks of febuxostat treatment significantly decreased hemolysis and improved pulmonary vasoreactivity in a mouse model of SCD. Although hepatic XO accounts for >50% of circulating XO, it is not the source of XO driving hemolysis in SCD.
DBCS: Density based cluster sampling for solving imbalanced classification problem (2017)

Class imbalance of instances is a common problem in the field of data mining and machine learning. A dataset is considered to be imbalanced if one of the classes (further called a minority class or positive class) contains much smaller number of instances than the remaining classes (majority classes or negative class). We describe a new approach to balance data with improved classification. Resampling approaches is a group of popular and flexible techniques to deal with class imbalance, which attempt to resample the original dataset, by oversampling the minority class and/or under sampling the majority class the imbalanced learning problem, there are various methods that solve the imbalanced data at data level and algorithm level. The purpose of this paper is to present a more detailed analysis of density based cluster oversampling and under sampling techniques in terms of density based clustering. The concept of density based cluster sampling called DBCS is to use DBSCAN algorithm for discover clutters and apply oversampling and resampling in minority and majority class respectively. The experimental results of the hybrid DBCS algorithm are compared with an original datasets and other sampling techniques. The results show that the DBCS can improve the predictive performance of the classifiers. In addition, it yields the best in the average of accuracy.
Genetics of Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism (2006)

Until 10 years ago, conventional wisdom held that Parkinson's disease was not a genetic disorder. Since that time, there have been a plethora of genetic findings, culminating in the cloning of several genes that derive from the loci given the nomenclature PARK1-PARK12 (OMIM 168600). Recently, these research findings have begun to impact clinical practice, and this impact is likely to increase. The primary purpose of this article is to outline these genetic advances, discuss their importance for current practice in clinical and related settings, and outline briefly how they are influencing research into the causes of and possible future treatments for this prevalent disorder.
A convenient and highly chemoselective method for the reductive acetylation of azides (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA convenient and highly chemoselective method for the reductive acetylation of azidesTerry Rosen, Isabella M. Lico, and Daniel T. W. ChuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 7, 1580–1582Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00242a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00242a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1910Altmetric-Citations180LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Obesity-induced Insulin Resistance and Hyperglycemia (2008)

Obesity is a major cause of type 2 diabetes, clinically evidenced as hyperglycemia. The altered glucose homeostasis is caused by faulty signal transduction via the insulin signaling proteins, which results in decreased glucose uptake by the muscle, altered lipogenesis, and increased glucose output by the liver. The etiology of this derangement in insulin signaling is related to a chronic inflammatory state, leading to the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase and release of high levels of nitric oxide and reactive nitrogen species, which together cause posttranslational modifications in the signaling proteins. There are substantial differences in the molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in muscle versus liver. Hormones and cytokines from adipocytes can enhance or inhibit both glycemic sensing and insulin signaling. The role of the central nervous system in glucose homeostasis also has been established. Multipronged therapies aimed at rectifying obesity-induced anomalies in both central nervous system and peripheral tissues may prove to be beneficial.
Stationary Equilibria of Two Fluid Plasmas Having Significant, Internal, Static Electric Fields (2004)

New steady-state equilibria of two-species, collisionless plasmas have been found for symmetrical systems by varying the total energy subject to Maxwell's equations, momentum moment equations, and adiabatic equations of state, without imposing a quasineutrality condition. Electrons are confined by magnetic forces and ions by internal, electrostatic forces due to charge separation. The scale length for one-dimensional plasmas is characterized by the electron skin depth. Minimum average beta values are approximately one-half. Space and laboratory applications are discussed.
Time‐resolved gain saturation dynamics in InGaN multi‐quantum well structures (2004)

Transient gain spectra were measured for an In0.02Ga0.98N / In0.16Ga0.84N multiple quantum well using the variable stripe length method (VSLM) in combination with the ultrafast optical Kerr gate (OKG) technique. Gain dynamics were measured for a range of excitation lengths from short (50 μm) to long (350 μm) stripes with the sample under femtosecond photoexcitation. Analysis of the temporal behaviour of gain and chemical potential suggests that stimulated emission originates from a photoexcited electron–hole plasma at early times; at later times localized states dominate as the electron–hole plasma becomes exhausted. Gain reduction at early times is attributable to coupling of the electron–hole plasma with photons along the stripe, whilst localized states are less susceptible to gain saturation. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Multi‐gating injection molding to enhance the thermal conductivity of carbon fiber/polysulfone composite (2015)

Carbon fiber was blended into the polysulfone matrix by twin screw extruder. The polymer composites samples were prepared using four different processing technologies, the compression molding, edge‐gating injection molding, sprue‐gating injection molding, and the multi‐gating injection molding techniques. Among four techniques, the composite samples manufactured by multi‐gating injection molding technique got a higher value of thermal conductivity, which is due to the carbon fibers orientation and distribution. The experimental result indicated that the fiber orientation have a significant influence on the thermal conductivity of polymer composites. The thermal conductivity of sample made by multi‐gating injection molding was 1.82 W/(m·K) when the fiber content was 26 vol%, which was nearly twice than the values obtained by conventional technologies. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:185–191, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers
An easy-to-fabricate low-temperature TiO2 electron collection layer for high efficiency planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells (2014)

Organometal trihalide perovskite solar cells arguably represent the most auspicious new photovoltaic technology so far, as they possess an astonishing combination of properties. The impressive and brisk advances achieved so far bring forth highly efficient and solution processable solar cells, holding great promise to grow into a mature technology that is ready to be embedded on a large scale. However, the vast majority of state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells contains a dense TiO2 electron collection layer that requires a high temperature treatment (&amp;gt;450 °C), which obstructs the road towards roll-to-roll processing on flexible foils that can withstand no more than ∼150 °C. Furthermore, this high temperature treatment leads to an overall increased energy payback time and cumulative energy demand for this emerging photovoltaic technology. Here we present the implementation of an alternative TiO2 layer formed from an easily prepared nanoparticle dispersion, with annealing needs well within reach of roll-to-roll processing, making this technology also appealing from the energy payback aspect. Chemical and morphological analysis allows to understand and optimize the processing conditions of the TiO2 layer, finally resulting in a maximum obtained efficiency of 13.6% for a planar heterojunction solar cell within an ITO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3-xClxpoly(3-hexylthiophene)/Ag architecture.
[Cloning and analysis of three genes encoding type II CHH family neuropeptides from Fennropenaeus chinensis]. (2003)

On the basis of sequence similarity, the crustean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) family peptides have been classified into two types of hormones: type I and type II. Molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH) is a neuropeptide member of type II CHH family. Molting in shrimp is controlled by MIH and ecdysone. By inhibiting the synthesis of ecdysone in the Y-organ, MIH indirectly suppresses the molting activity of shrimp. In this study, we reported the cloning and characterization of 3 gene fragments encoding type II CHH family neuropeptides of the shrimp Fennropenaeus chinensis. According to the complementary DNA sequence of the mult-inhibiting hormone of Fennropenaeus chinensis, 3 primers were designed and synthesized. MP1 and MP2 are sense primers, and MP3 is anti-sense primer. Polymerase chain reaction was performed using genomic DNA of Fennropenaeus chinensis as template. Three PCR products were obtained using primers MP1 and MP3. Their sizes are about 600 bp, 850 bp, 1050 bp, respectively. A 580 bp PCR product was obtained using primers MP2 and MP3. All the 4 PCR products were cloned into pMD18-T vector. The recombinant clones were sequenced using ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer. After sequencing, all the DNA sequences were searched in the GenBank by Blast program to find similar gene sequences. The searching results revealed 3 DNA fragment sequences were of high similarity with CHH family neuropeptide genes from various crustean species. The 3 DNA fragments were named as NP1, NP2, and NP3. Their sizes were 540 bp, 601 bp, and 826 bp, respectively. Using the mRNA sequences with the most similarity to the 3 sequence fragments as reference, the gene structure of the 3 DNA fragment sequences was analyzed. The exons of 3 sequence fragments were aligned with their similar sequences by Clustal W program. Both NP1 and NP2 consisted of 1 intron and 2 exons. NP3 consisted of 2 introns and 3 exons. Sequence analysis suggested that these 3 products belonged to sequence fragments of neuropeptide gene of type II crustacean hyperglycemic hormone family. The exons of NP1, NP2, and NP3 had highest similarity respectively with mRNA of Pem-SCP-C2 and Pem-SGP-C1 both from Penaeus monodon, and FenchMIH from Fennropenaeus chinensis. The identities were 91.5%, 92.8%, 88.9%, respectively. The results suggest NP3 is a fragment of molt-inhibiting hormone gene of Fennropenaeus chinensis NP1 and NP2 are two fragments of neuropeptide genes of type II crustacean hyperglycemic hormone family, which were found in Fennropenaeus chinensis for the first time.
Female mice are more susceptible to the development of allergic airway inflammation than male mice (2005)

Female mice develop a more pronounced type of allergic airway inflammation than male mice after OVA challenge. The reduced percentage of regulatory T cells in the lungs of female PBS-mice may indicate that the level of these cells in the lung during the sensitization phase is important for the development and/or progression of an allergic immune response after multiple OVA challenges.
Colloidal gel filtration: Experiment and theory (1994)

Abstract The filtration of colloidal gels, consisting of octadecyl‐coated silica spheres in hexadecane, is examined experimentally using CAT scanning. A number of interparticle strengths are explored, with significant differences in qualitative behavior relative to the filtration of stable dispersions. For stiff gels, the transmission of stresses from the cell wall to the dispersion results in a fracturing phenomenon during consolidation on a length scale substantially larger than the particle size. For more pliant gels, the radial propagation of stress is more local to the wall region and gravitational effects play a prominent role. The existing theory of network consolidation is compared against our experimental results for pliant gels, independent of the form of the constitutive functions for the sedimentation velocity and yield stress. Though our measurements seem consistent with the theory at early times, deviations at later moments question whether a compressive yield stress is actually present.
El polimorfismo Arg72Pro de p53 condiciona la susceptibilidad de las neuronas al daño mitocondrial y la muerte isquémica (2013)

Resumen del póster presentado al XXXVI Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular celebrado en Madrid del 3 al 6 de septiembre de 2013.
The relationship between d‐beta‐hydroxybutyrate blood concentrations and seizure control in children treated with the ketogenic diet for medically intractable epilepsy (2017)

A trend clearly exists between seizure frequency and D-BHB levels, so we should not be dissuaded by the lack of statistical significance because it possibly results from methodological techniques, especially sample size. These results call for a larger prospective study in which seizure frequency is assessed at the point of care in a standardized fashion so as to determine whether D-BHB can be used as a reliable biomarker of KD efficacy.
An Unusual Case of Colo-Vesical Fistula (2020)

Mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma is a subtype of colorectal cancer (CRC). It is characterized by the presence of abundant extracellular mucin. This mucin accounts for at least 50% of the tumor volume. Incidence of Mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma is 10%-20% of CRC patients and it occurs more commonly in young females. This case report describes a case of colovesical fistula due to mucinous adenocarcinoma of sigmoid colon.
The Results of Evisceration with Primary Porous Implant Placement in Patients with Endophthalmitis (2010)

Evisceration with primary porous implant placement as the treatment for recalcitrant endophthalmitis resulted in rapid resolution of any infection and inflammation. Implant exposure and infection occurred in only 2 eyes, and these problems were well treated without long-term sequelae. Therefore, evisceration with primary porous implant placement is a treatment option for patients with endophthalmitis.
SEM-induced shrinking of solid-state nanopores for single molecule detection (2011)

We have investigated the mechanism by which the diameter of solid-state nanopores is reduced by a scanning electron microscope. The process depends on beam parameters such as the accelerating voltage and electron flux and does not involve simple electron-beam-induced deposition of hydrocarbon contaminants. Instead, it is an energy-dependent process that involves material flow along the surface of the nanopore membrane. We also show that pores fabricated in this manner can detect double stranded DNA.
Fuel retention studies with the ITER-Like Wall in JET (2013)

Brezinsek, Sebastijan; Loarer, T.; Philipps, V.; Esser, Hans Günter; Grünhagen, S.; Smith,R.; Felton, R.; Banks,J.; Belo, P.; Boboc, A.; Bucalossi, J.; Clever, Meike; Coenen, Jan Willem; Coffey, I. H.; Douai, D.; Freisinger, Michaele; Frigione,D.; Groth, M.; Huber, Alexander; Hobirk, J.; Jachmich, Stefan; Knipe,S.; Kruezi, U.; Matthews, G.F.; Meigs,A.G.; Nave,F.; Nunes, I.; Stamp, M.; Vartagnian,S.; Samm, Ulrich
Carbon Nanotube and Gold‐Based Materials: A Symbiosis (2010)

Carbon nanotubes constitute a novel class of nanomaterials with potential applications in many areas. The attachment of metal nanoparticles to carbon nanotubes is new way to obtain novel hybrid materials with interesting properties for various applications such as catalysts and gas sensors as well as electronic and magnetic devices. Their unique properties such as excellent electronic properties, a good chemical stability, and a large surface area make carbon nanotubes very useful as a support for gold nanoparticles in many potential applications, ranging from advanced catalytic systems through very sensitive electrochemical sensors and biosensors to highly efficient fuel cells. Here we give an overview on the recent progress in this area by exploring the various synthesis approaches and types of assemblies, in which nanotubes can be decorated with gold nanoparticles and explore the diverse applications of the resulting composites.
High-Throughput RNA Interference as a Tool for Discovery in Neuroscience (2013)

Abstract RNA-mediated interference has rapidly developed into a powerful tool to systematically silence gene expression and identify gene function at the level of the whole genome. Recently RNAi-based screens have been applied to a number of key questions in neuroscience. This chapter reviews some of these screens that address issues ranging from nervous system development to neurodegeneration and also provides some general guidelines to designing an RNAi-mediated screen.
Antipneumococcal Activity of DK-507k, a New Quinolone,Compared with the Activities of 10 OtherAgents (2003)

Agar dilution MIC determination was used to compare the activity of DK-507k with those of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, sitafloxacin, amoxicillin, cefuroxime, erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin against 113 penicillin-susceptible, 81 penicillin-intermediate, and 67 penicillin-resistant pneumococci (all quinolone susceptible). DK-507k and sitafloxacin had the lowest MICs of all quinolones against quinolone-susceptible strains (MIC at which 50% of isolates were inhibited [MIC50] and MIC90 of both, 0.06 and 0.125 microg/ml, respectively), followed by moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. MICs of beta-lactams and macrolides rose with those of penicillin G. Against 26 quinolone-resistant pneumococci with known resistance mechanisms, DK-507k and sitafloxacin were also the most active quinolones (MICs, 0.125 to 1.0 microg/ml), followed by moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. Mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions of quinolone-resistant strains were in the usual regions of the parC and gyrA genes. Time-kill testing showed that both DK-507k and sitafloxacin were bactericidal against all 12 quinolone-susceptible and -resistant strains tested at twice the MIC at 24 h. Serial broth passages in subinhibitory concentrations of 10 strains for a minimum of 14 days showed that development of resistant mutants (fourfold or greater increase in the original MIC) occurred most rapidly for ciprofloxacin, followed by moxifloxacin, DK-507k, gatifloxacin, sitafloxacin, and levofloxacin. All parent strains demonstrated a fourfold or greater increase in initial MIC in <50 days. MICs of DK-507k against resistant mutants were lowest, followed by those of sitafloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin. Four strains were subcultured in subinhibitory concentrations of each drug for 50 days: MICs of DK-507k against resistant mutants were lowest, followed by those of sitafloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. Exposure to DK-507k and sitafloxacin resulted in mutations, mostly in gyrA.
Figure S3 from Therapeutic Efficacy of Immune Stimulatory Thymidine Kinase and fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand (TK/Flt3L) Gene Therapy in a Mouse Model of High-Grade Brainstem Glioma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Western Blot of Smad1/5 signaling in tumor NS&lt;/p&gt;