gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationships among Spinal Cord Severing, Electrical Stimulation and Postmortem Quality Characteristics of the Porcine Carcass (1978)

Thirty-two Yorkshire hogs of approximately 95 kg live weight were assigned to one of four treatment groups, either normal slaughter, spinal cord severed after exsanguination, electrical stimulation of whole intact hog after exsanguination, or electrical stimulation of right side of eviscerated and split carcass with left side having no stimulation. Longissimus muscle quality was measured by 24-hr postmortem pH, visual color score, Gardner color measurements with white and red standards, expressible juice ratio, Warner-Bratzler shear force, sarcomere length (laser and microscope) and fiber diameter. Differences between carcass sides or among treatments were not significant. Gardner color measurements from white and red standards were highly related to visual color score. Color readings and expressible juice ratio were correlated with tenderness and sarcomere length. Sarcomere length as determined by laser was highly correlated with microscope values, and accounted for 10% more of the variability in shear force than microscope readings.
Experimental apparatus for photon/ion coincidence measurements of dielectronic recombination (1986)

An inclined beams apparatus for the measurement of absolute cross sections for dielectronic recombination between free electrons and singly or multiply charged ions is described. The collision products, a photon and a lower-charge-state ion, are detected in delayed coincidence. Measurements of dielectronic recombination in C3+ are described to illustrate the use of the apparatus and techniques. Verification of the calibrations and operation of the apparatus is demonstrated through measurements of charge transfer and electron impact excitation.
<title>Rayleigh-Ritz formulation for active control of the acoustics in cabin enclosures</title> (2001)

This numerical study presents a detailed optimal control design based on the Rayleigh-Ritz approach for the smart plate-cavity system. Linear quadratic (LQ) theory with output feedback is considered on the basis of the state space model of the system. A vibroacoustic model, which includes a rectangular shaped cavity, enclosed with a five rigid walls and a flexible smart plate with discrete piezoelectric sensor/actuator pairs bonded to its surface. Classical laminated plate theory is used to model the composite plate and electroelastic theory is used model the discrete piezoelectric patches. Eigenfunctions of a clamped-clamped beam are used as the Ritz functions for the panel and the rigid walled cavity modes are used the model the acoustic cavity. The dynamic equations of motion for the coupled smart panel-cavity system are derived using Hamilton's principle. The forcing term due to the cavity acoustic pressure is determined by using virtual work considerations. For the present study, five collocated pairs of sensor/actuator pairs are attached to the plate at a predetermined placement scheme. The performance index considered for the design of the optimal controller includes both the displacement of the panel and the pressure inside the cavity. Numerical simulation is used to predict the reduction in the sound pressure level inside an enclosure radiated from this optimally controlled plate. The Rayleigh-Ritz approach is found to be faster and a more efficient method for designing control system for simple plate-cavity systems when compared to other numerical methods such as the finite element method.
On the origin of bladder sensing: Tr(i)ps in urology (2007)

The mammalian TRP family consists of 28 channels that can be subdivided into 6 different classes: TRPV (vanilloid), TRPC (canonical), TRPM (Melastatin), TRPP (Polycystin), TRPML (Mucolipin), and TRPA (Ankyrin). TRP channels are activated by a diversity of physical (voltage, heat, cold, mechanical stress) or chemical (pH, osmolality) stimuli and by binding of specific ligands, enabling them to act as multifunctional sensors at the cellular level. Currently, a lot of scientific research is devoted to these channels and their role in sensing mechanisms throughout the body. In urology, there's a growing conviction that disturbances in afferent (sensory) mechanisms are highly important in the pathogenesis of functional problems. Therefore, the TRP family forms an interesting new target to focus on. In this review we attempt to summarize the existing knowledge about TRP channels in the urogenital tract. So far, TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV4, TRPM8, and TRPA1 have been described in different parts of the urogenital tract. Although only TRPV1 (the vanilloid receptor) has been extensively studied so far, more evidence is slowly accumulating about the role of other TRP channels in the (patho)physiology of the urogenital tract.
Meetings Around the Globe [Chapter News] (2015)

Presents information on the activities of APS society chapters worldwide.
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanide Trifluoromethanesulfonates as Reusable Catalysts. Michael and Diels‐Alder Reactions. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Novel Light‐Emitting Mixed‐Ligand Iridium(III) Complex with a Terpyridine‐Poly(ethylene glycol) Macroligand (2004)

Abstract Summary : A monoterpyridine‐poly(ethylene glycol) (mono‐tpy‐PEG) and a novel monoterpyridine‐PEG‐functionalized iridium( III ) complex were successfully synthesized and fully characterized by means of NMR, IR, and UV‐vis spectroscopy, as well as gel permeation chromatography and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. The functionalized monoterpyridine iridium( III ) complex was synthesized by a bridge‐splitting reaction of a dimeric iridium( III ) precursor complex using a chelating terpyridine ligand with a poly(ethylene glycol) tail. With this approach, a new class of light‐emitting polymeric materials revealing interesting optical properties was made avaialable. Upon excitation of a spin‐coated film of the iridium( III ) complex prepared here, a yellow emission color (two bands in figure) was observed. image Upon excitation of a spin‐coated film of the iridium( III ) complex prepared here, a yellow emission color (two bands in figure) was observed.
EnhancedDetection andImaging basedonNovelMolecular NanoPhotonics Principles (2007)

Theresults ofthis novel study, based onmultipixel and single-pixel detection geometries, indicate that, significantly higher contrast target detection images havebeenobtained bydoping the surrounding mediumwith active optical molecules, inconjunction to efficient polarimetric techniques, yielding toanenhanced contract andspecificity ofthetarget. Keywords-Optical ActiveMolecular Contrast Agents, Polar Molecules, High-Index ofrefraction Molecules, Nanoparticles, EnhancedPolarimetric TargetDetection, Biomolecular Nanophotonics
Organocatalytic synthesis of &lt;em&gt;N&lt;/em&gt;-benzamido-1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives and their effect against different cancer cell lines (2021)

Dihydropyridines (DHPs) have a wide presence in nature, which makes them privileged structures with possible chemical and biological properties. They are found as part of the cofactors NADH and NADPH (energy transporters in cellular metabolic reactions) and since these compounds are part of a large number of biological processes, DHPs have become molecules of high interest for attacking these potential therapeutic targets. In this work we want to show the toxicity results obtained in four different tumor lines: HeLa (cervix), Jurkat (leukemia), A549 (lung) and MIA-PaCa-2 (pancreas), using the racemic 1,4-DHP obtained from different derivatives of alkylidenemalononitrile and hydrazone through an organocatalytic process. The in vitro cytotoxicity values ​​and the luminescent properties studied encourage us to go one step further in our research and carry out the tests in vivo as well.
A 4th-order local-feedforward D/A converter that prevents limit-cycle oscillation (2003)

Limit-cycle oscillation in noise-shaping D/A converters is one of serious problems because it interrupts their noise-shaping operation. We propose a new noise-shaping structure that prevents limit-cycle oscillation. We have used this structure in an audio D/A converter that we fabricated. The measured result shows that limit-cycle oscillation is prevented and noise-shaping operation is maintained even when the input data is real zero. This D/A converter achieves the S/N+THD of 101 dB.
Distribution of Pupil Size and Associated Factors: Results from the Population-Based Gutenberg Health Study (2022)

Individuals of older age, after cataract surgery, under therapy with ACE inhibitors and with diabetes have a smaller pupil. This should be taken into account when planning nonmydriatic fundus photography-based screening programs, for instance, for diabetic retinopathy.
THEORY OF STATIC FATIGUE IN BRITTLE SOLIDS. CRACKS AND ENERGY - CRITERIA FOR BRITTLE FRACTURE (1975)

Abstract : Two studies are included. In the first study, a theory of static fatigue in brittle solids is derived, based on the ideas of Hillig and Charles, but using a different log reaction velocity-stress relationship. The resulting equation agrees well with the functional dependence of failure time on stress found experimentally, and experimental values of the stress-sensitivity factor are consistent with the theory. Variations in failure times with sample history and glass composition can only partly be explained by the theory. In the second study, energies of cracks are considered in terms of the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and it is concluded that the Griffith criterion provides a necessary but not sufficient condition for crack propagation. Thus surface energies calculated from fracture experiments give only an upper bound to the true surface energies of solids. The correct criterion for fracture is Inglis' equation for the stress at the tip of a crack; the radius of the crack tip is a parameter that cannot be ignored in fracture experiments.
Avoiding moving obstacles with stochastic hybrid dynamics using PEARL: PrEference Appraisal Reinforcement Learning (2016)

Manual derivation of optimal robot motions for task completion is difficult, especially when a robot is required to balance its actions between opposing preferences. One solution has been proposed to automatically learn near optimal motions with Reinforcement Learning (RL). This has been successful for several tasks including swing-free UAV flight, table tennis, and autonomous driving. However, high-dimensional problems remain a challenge. We address this dimensionality constraint with PrEference Appraisal Reinforcement Learning (PEARL), which solves tasks with opposing preferences for acceleration controlled robots. PEARL projects the high-dimensional continuous robot state space to a low dimensional preference feature space resulting in efficient and adaptable planning. We demonstrate that on a dynamic obstacle avoidance robotic task, a single learning on a much simpler problem performs real-time decision-making for significantly larger, high-dimensional problems working in unbounded continuous states and actions. We trained the agent with 4 static obstacles, while the trained agent avoids up to 900 moving obstacles with complex hybrid stochastic obstacle dynamics in a highly constrained space using only limited information about the environment. We compare these tasks to traditional, often manually tuned solutions for these high-dimensional problems.
Therapeutic touch in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. (2002)

In this small study, TT was no better than placebo in influencing median motor nerve distal latencies, pain scores, and relaxation scores. The changes in the outcome variables from baseline in both groups suggest a possible physiologic basis for the placebo effect.
Impact of Driver Behavior on Fuel Consumption: Classification, Evaluation and Prediction Using Machine Learning (2019)

Driving behavior has a large impact on vehicle fuel consumption. Dedicated study on the relationship between the driving behavior and fuel consumption can contribute to decreasing the energy cost of transportation and the development of the behavior assessment technology for the ADAS system. Therefore, it is vital to evaluate this relationship in order to develop more ecological driving assistance systems and improve the vehicle fuel economy. However, modeling driving behavior under the dynamic driving conditions is complex, making a quantitative analysis of the relationship between the driving behavior and the fuel consumption difficult. In this paper, we introduce two kinds of machine learning methods for evaluating the fuel efficiency of driving behavior using the naturalistic driving data. In the first stage, we use an unsupervised spectral clustering algorithm to study the macroscopic relationship between driving behavior and fuel consumption, using the data collected during the natural driving process. In the second stage, the dynamic information from the driving environment and natural driving data is integrated to generate a model of the relationship between various driving behaviors and the corresponding fuel consumption features. The dynamic environment factors are coded into a processable, digital form using a deep learning-based object detection method so that the environmental data can be linked with the vehicle's operating signal data to provide the training data for the deep learning network. The training data are labeled according to its fuel consumption feature distribution, which is obtained from the road segment data and historical driving data. This deep learning-based model can then be used as a predictor of the fuel consumption associated with different driving behaviors. Our results show that the proposed method can effectively identify the relationship between the driving behavior and the fuel consumption on both macro and micro levels, allowing for end-to-end fuel consumption feature prediction, which can then be applied in the advanced driving assistance systems.
Greater endothelial cell responses on submicron and nanometer rough titanium surfaces (2010)

An in vitro competitive coculture system was designed in this study to investigate vascular cell functions on submicron (lateral feature sizes larger than 100 nm) and nanometer (lateral and vertical feature sizes smaller than 50 nm) rough titanium surface features created via e-beam evaporation with identical chemistry to that of control (unmodified) titanium. Rat aortic endothelial cells (RAEC) and rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMC) were individually cultured and cocultured on such substrates for 4 h as well as 1, 3, and 5 days. In addition, RAEC and RASMC intracellular collagen and elastin synthesis were determined for up to 14 days on the various substrates. Compared to control flat titanium surfaces, the results showed for the first time that submicron rough surface features on titanium enhanced RAEC proliferation (followed by nanometer surface features), while simultaneously inhibiting RASMC proliferation. In addition, protein synthesis assays demonstrated enhanced collagen and elastin production by RAEC cultured on submicron rough titanium substrates (followed by nano rough) compared to control flat titanium substrates. Surface characterization results showed that submicron rough featured titanium possessed the greatest hydrophilicity (followed by nanometer surface featured), which may have promoted select protein adsorption to increase RAEC over RASMC function. In contrast to RASMC, RAEC morphology was significantly altered by the underlying titanium surface features, which may also explain the altered vascular cell functions on the different substrates. Thus, this study suggested that submicron to nanometer rough surface features should be further studied for improving titanium for vascular stent applications.
Muscle MRI in patients with dysferlinopathy: pattern recognition and implications for clinical trials (2018)

NCT01676077.
Frequent development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in primary SS--results of a longitudinal follow-up (2012)

The pSS patients showed signs of both obstructive and restrictive pulmonary disease and COPD commonly developed during follow-up. Respiratory symptoms and radiographic abnormalities were common but poorly associated with PFT in pSS patients.
Developmental Reorganization of the Cognitive Network in Pediatric Epilepsy (2015)

Traditional approaches to understanding cognition in children with epilepsy (CWE) involve cross-sectional or prospective examination of diverse test measures, an approach that does not inform the interrelationship between different abilities or how interrelationships evolve prospectively. Here we utilize graph theory techniques to interrogate the development of cognitive landmarks in CWE and healthy controls (HC) using the two-year percentage change across 20 tests. Additionally, we characterize the development of cognition using traditional analyses, showing that CWE perform worse at baseline, develop in parallel with HC, statically maintaining cognitive differences two years later. Graph analyses, however, showed CWE to exhibit both lower integration and segregation in development of their cognitive networks compared to HC. In conclusion, graph analyses of neuropsychological data capture a dynamic and changing complexity in the interrelationships among diverse cognitive skills, maturation of the cognitive network over time, and the nature of differences between normally developing children and CWE.
Approche Entrée-Sortie et Optimisation Convexe : base de nouveaux outils de CAO pour la commande des systèmes non linéaires avec application en aéronautique (2003)

International audience
Cobalt-mediated total synthesis of steroids. The A .fwdarw. BCD approach by enediyne cyclization (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCobalt-mediated total synthesis of steroids. The A .fwdarw. BCD approach by enediyne cyclizationEthan D. Sternberg and K. Peter C. VollhardtCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 9, 1574–1583Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1984https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00183a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views501Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Architecture for the Development of Context‐Sensitive Mobile Applications (2008)

Recent advances in the development of mobile terminals and the appropriate communication infrastructures have the consequence that new kinds of applications arise. This trend leads to more and more complex mobile client applications as well. In this paper, we present a generic architecture, which can be used for the development of context‐sensitive mobile applications.
Global deletion of stearoyl‐CoA desaturase‐2 enhances glucose tolerance (2013)

Stearoyl‐CoA desaturase (SCD) catalyzes the rate‐limiting step in the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) from saturated fatty acids. There are four SCD isoforms in mouse (SCD1–4) and two in human (hSCD1 and 5). Here we begin to elucidate the function of stearoyl‐CoA desaturase‐2 (SCD2) in whole body metabolism. SCD2 is highly expressed in the brain, immune cells, and pancreas. Depending on the genetic background, prenatal loss of SCD2 is either embryonic lethal or 70% lethal within 24 hours after birth. Our microarray data comparing SCD2KO embryos to WT embryos showed that ~20% of the genes down regulated are pancreatic. In a follow up study within the pancreas, it was shown that SCD2 is predominately expressed in the alpha and beta cells. We report that global loss of SCD2 in mice confers enhanced glucose tolerance and lowers both fasting and fed plasma glucose levels. We hypothesize this is attributed to enhanced insulin secretion. Moreover, we propose a mechanism where endogenously synthesized MUFAs in beta cells act as antagonists for insulin secretion. This work was funded by NIH.
Effect of a reduced fat and sugar maternal dietary intervention during lactation on the infant gut microbiome (2022)

This pilot study demonstrates that a short-term maternal dietary intervention during lactation can significantly alter the functional potential, but not bacterial taxonomy, of the breastfed infant gut microbiome. While the overall diet itself was not able to change the composition of the infant gut microbiome, changes in intakes of maternal protein and sugar during lactation were correlated with changes in the relative abundances of certain bacterial species.Clinical trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619000606189).
Natural and Synthetic Retinoids: Structural Bases and Biological Effects of Potential Clinical Relevance for the Prevention and Treatment of Infection-Driven Tumors (2006)

Retinoids play a critical role in the regulation of cell division, growth, differentiation, and proliferation, and represent an exciting new avenue for targeted therapy of different diseases, including cancer. Natural and synthetic retinoids are also endowed with antiviral properties that make these compounds particularly attractive for the prevention and treatment of infection-driven tumors. In this review, we will summarize the structural bases and the cellular and antiviral effects of retinoids which provide a molecular basis for the management of virus-associated tumors, including Kaposis sarcoma (HHV-8) and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (EBV). Particular relevance will be given to the selectivity of these retinoids for their cognate receptors (RAR and RXR) in order to establish a link between receptor modulation and antiviral/antitumor effects. Keywords: Retinoids, rexinoids, RARs, RXRs, epstein-barr virus, human herpesvirus 8, human immunodeficiency virus