gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesizing test data for fraud detection systems (2004)

We report an experiment aimed at generating synthetic test data for fraud detection in an IP based video-on-demand service. The data generation verifies a methodology previously developed by the present authors [E. Lundin et al., (2002)] that ensures that important statistical properties of the authentic data are preserved by using authentic normal data and fraud as a seed for generating synthetic data. This enables us to create realistic behavior profiles for users and attackers. The data is used to train the fraud detection system itself, thus creating the necessary adaptation of the system to a specific environment. Here we aim to verify the usability and applicability of the synthetic data, by using them to train a fraud detection system. The system is then exposed to a set of authentic data to measure parameters such as detection capability and false alarm rate as well as to a corresponding set of synthetic data, and the results are compared.
High voltage multichannel wave form generator for liquid crystal research (2000)

The article describes a wave form generator designed primarily for experiments on addressing all kinds of liquid crystal displays. It can also be used in any application requiring several simultaneous sources of high-voltage arbitrary pulse trains. The instrument has eight channels capable of pulse amplitudes of ±100 V at a slew rate better than 300 V/μs. Its design differs significantly from a typical arbitrary wave form generator. First and foremost the wave forms are directly constructed from pulses with variable width as well as amplitude. Two interchangeable memory banks guarantee transient-free adjustments of generated wave forms. The generator is computer controlled with well integrated software and provides all functionality to assist in the creation of wave forms and experiments with liquid crystal addressing schemes in a straightforward and intuitive way. To point out its versatility we discuss a new mode of operation intended primarily for generation of analogue gray shades on a surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal display. The instrument creates conditions corresponding to driving a display of virtually any size with image frames changing at video rate.
A New Paradigm to Analyze Data Completeness of Patient Data (2016)

Summary There is a need to develop a tool that will measure data completeness of patient records using sophisticated statistical metrics. Patient data integrity is important in providing timely and appropriate care. Completeness is an important step, with an emphasis on understanding the complex relationships between data fields and their relative importance in delivering care. This tool will not only help understand where data problems are but also help uncover the underlying issues behind them. Develop a tool that can be used alongside a variety of health care database software packages to determine the completeness of individual patient records as well as aggregate patient records across health care centers and subpopulations. Methods: The methodology of this project is encapsulated within the Data Completeness Analysis Package (DCAP) tool, with the major components including concept mapping, CSV parsing, and statistical analysis. The results from testing DCAP with Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) State Inpatient Database (SID) data show that this tool is successful in identifying relative data completeness at the patient, subpopulation, and database levels. These results also solidify a need for further analysis and call for hypothesis driven research to find underlying causes for data incompleteness. DCAP examines patient records and generates statistics that can be used to determine the completeness of individual patient data as well as the general thoroughness of record keeping in a medical database. DCAP uses a component that is customized to the settings of the software package used for storing patient data as well as a Comma Separated Values (CSV) file parser to determine the appropriate measurements. DCAP itself is assessed through a proof of concept exercise using hypothetical data as well as available HCUP SID patient data. Citation: Nasir A, Gurupur V, Liu X. A new paradigm to analyze data completeness of patient data.
Edge computing with optical neural networks via WDM weight broadcasting (2021)

We introduce an optical neural-network architecture for edge computing that takes advantage of wavelength multiplexing, high-bandwidth modulation, and integration detection. Our protocol consists of a server and a client, which divide the task of neural-network inference into two steps: (1) a difficult step of optical weight distribution, performed at the server and (2) an easy step of modulation and integration detection, performed at the edge device. This arrangement allows for large-scale neural networks to be run on low-power edge devices accessible by an optical link. We perform simulations to estimate the speed and energy limits of this scheme.
Improving Pothole Recognition through Vision Tracking for Automated Pavement Assessment (2011)

Pavement condition assessment is essential when developing road network maintenance programs. In practice, pavement sensing is to a large extent automated when regarding highway networks. Municipal roads, however, are predominantly surveyed manually due to the limited amount of expensive inspection vehicles. As part of a research project that proposes an omnipresent passenger vehicle network for comprehensive and cheap condition surveying of municipal road networks this paper deals with pothole recognition. Existing methods either rely on expensive and high-maintenance range sensors, or make use of acceleration data, which can only provide preliminary and rough condition surveys. In our previous work we created a pothole detection method for pavement images. In this paper we present an improved recognition method for pavement videos that incrementally updates the texture signature for intact pavement regions and uses vision tracking to track detected potholes. The method is tested and results demonstrate its reasonable efficiency.
Influence of thermal history on the residual disorder in implanted <111> silicon (1976)

Abstract Channeling effect measurements using MeV 4He ions were used in the study of the anneal of implantation disorder in <111> Si. The Si was implanted at LN2 temperature with arsenic or boron to dose levels sufficient for the formation of amorphous layers. We found that the residual disorder depends upon the previous annealing procedures. Samples annealed directly at temperatures up to 950°C exhibited high levels of disorder. The measurements suggest that the disordered layers can contain regions misoriented at small angles to the original substrate. Samples with sequential anneals from 450 up to 950 in 100°C increments, were essentially damage free from channeling viewpoint. We suggest that this thermal history is responsible for of some of the conflicting viewpoints in the literature.
Interest points detection based on local frequency information of an image (2008)

In this paper we propose a novel technique for detecting rotation and scale invariant interest points from the local frequency representation of an image. Local or instantaneous frequency is the spatial derivative of the local phase, where the local phase of any signal can be found from its Hilbert transform. Local frequency estimation can detect edge, ridge, corner and texture information at the same time and shows high values at those dominant features of an image. For each pixel, we select an appropriate width of the window for computing the derivative of the phase. In order to select the width of the window for any given pixel, we make use of the measure of the extent to which the phases, in the neighborhood of that pixel, are in the same direction. The local frequency map, thus obtained, is then thresholded by employing a global thresholding approach to detect the interest or feature points. Repeatability rate, a performance evaluation criterion for an interest points detector, is used to check the geometric stability of the proposed method under different transformations. We present simulation results of the detection of feature points from an image and the repeatability rate as a function of image rotation and scale changes. The results prove the efficacy of the proposed feature points detection algorithm.
High-Risk Newborns Who Fail Hearing Screening: Implications of Otological Problems (1990)

*Presented at the William G. Hardy Symposium on Prevention and Identification of Hearing Impairment in High-Risk Infants. Baltimore, Maryland, May 19, 1989.
SAREC: A Security-Aware Scheduling Strategy for Real-Time Applications on Clusters (2005)

Security requirements of security-critical real-time applications must be met in addition to satisfying timing constraints. However, conventional real-time scheduling algorithms ignore the applications' security requirements. In recognition that an increasing number of applications running on clusters demand both real-time performance and security, we investigate the problem of scheduling a set of independent real-time tasks with various security requirements. We propose a security overhead model that is capable of measuring security overheads incurred by security-critical tasks. Further, we propose a security-aware scheduling strategy, or SAREC, which integrates security requirements into scheduling for real-time applications by employing our security overhead model. To evaluate the effectiveness of SAREC, we implement a security-aware real-time scheduling algorithm (SAREC-EDF), which incorporates the earliest deadline first (EDF) scheduling algorithm into SAREC Extensive simulation experiments show that SAREC-EDF significantly improves overall system performance over three baseline scheduling algorithms (variations of EDF) by up to 72.55%.
Progress in Optically Transparent Conducting Polymers (2017)

All polymeric devices that are lightweight, easy to fabricate, and inexpensive have been the focus of many research groups for several years and the discovery of intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) has made this dream a reality. Till date, there are many applications of ICPs: antistatic coatings, electro-chromics, organic light-emitting diodes (LEDs), batteries, photovoltaics, sensors, supercapacitors, etc. to name a few. The preparation of newer conjugated polymers with better properties has paved way to extend the applications of these specialty materials. Increasing energy demands has given the impetus for researching renewable energy sources such as the solar energy. Polymer-based photovoltaics have been considered as a cost-effective solution compared to the inorganic photovoltaics, and ICPs have played a key role in this regard. ICPs have been utilized as the transparent electrode as well as the light-harvesting dye in photo-voltaics with promising results. With the wealth of knowledge now available towards tuning the optoelectronic properties of these conjugated polymers, it is possible to tailor the ICPs to make photovoltaics with higher efficiency. In this chapter, optically transparent ICPs, which have been synthesized using different strategies for tuning the bandgap, are reviewed.
Hybrid Optical Material with Nanoparticles at High Concentrations in UV-Curable Polymers – Technology and Properties (2008)

Optical hybrid materials with comparable concentrations of inorganic nanoparticles and polymer matrix components are studied. Materials are homogeneous and have good optical properties and processability. Effects related to a high concentration of nanoparticles in the polymer are discussed. Optical and rheological properties of these materials are investigated.
The Current Situation and Trend of International Competitiveness of Industries in China——An Analysis Based on Export Commodities (2013)

On the basis of classification according to the technical content of export commodities and the latest trade statistics,this paper studies the current situation and the trend of the international competitiveness of Industries in China.The results show that: ① If China’s manufactured products are arranged from low to high according to their technical content,their competitiveness,in general,shows an U-distribution.② The distance between current advantage exports and potential advantage products is close,which lay a good micro-foundation for the export structure of China to achieve a smooth transition.③ Some medium or high-tech manufactured goods,such as machinery and transport equipment,will lead the direction of China’s export structure’s transformation and upgrading,and the labor-intensive product groups with obvious competitiveness currently will be differentiated.④ In the future,the countries challenging China’s leading position in the field of low-tech products are mainly the Southern European countries,Central and Eastern European transition countries and India;In the field of mediumtech products,China mainly competes against the developed countries in Europe;In the field of high-tech products,China mainly needs to overtake the United States and the developed economies in Europe and East Asia.To improve the international competitiveness of industries in China,governments should attach great importance to the outstanding problem that the medium-tech manufactured goods are uncompetitive and its density is relatively small,take an objective view of the dual role of labor-intensive manufactured products in the transformation and upgrading of the export structure,optimize the combination of high-tech industry policy timely,and view value chain climbing as the most priority objective.
Missed pay identification using machine learning - a case study (2020)

Summary This paper demonstrates a methodology and workflow for the rapid identification of missed pay zones throughout many thousands of wells and crucially provides actual examples of missed pay in wells from the North Sea. Importantly, the methodology applied in this study and lessons learned are applicable to other basins and/or sub-basins throughout the world.
Microstructure Of A SIC/(Ti/V/Cr/Sn/Al) Composite (1990)

NASA technical memorandum reports on analysis of composite material made of SiC fibers in matrix of 0.76 Ti/0.15 V/0.03 Cr/0.03 Sn/0.03 Al (parts by weight) alloy. Purposes of study to investigate suitability of some metallographic techniques for use on composite materials in general and to obtain information about macrostructure and microstructure of this specific composite to provide guidance for experimental and theoretical studies of more advanced composites.
Prediction of Concentration Profiles of Dispersed Particles through Horizontal Cylindrical Channels (2008)

Abstract — Deposition of dispersed and ultradispersed solid particles in cylindrical channels has received considerable attention due to its practical significance and direct application in industry. However, an adequate mathematical expression that studies the separation and suspension of dispersed and ultradispersed particles present in a horizontal cylindrical channel in unsteady state is still missing. In this paper we developed and solved a time-dependent, two-dimensional convective/dispersive model. This model simulates the transient deposition and suspension of dispersed and ultradispersed particles immersed in a stagnant fluid medium inside the cross section of a horizontal cylindrical channel. The results of the modeling are compared with images taken from a series of experiments especially designed for this work. The conditions which permit to control the suspension of the solid particles inside a liquid medium with cylindrical geometry are unveiled by the presented model. The experiments conducted in this work can be a simple way for obtaining values of the dispersion coefficient, via measuring the time required by the particles to reach the steady state. The model so far developed can now be further expanded to consider flow movement.
The Impact of Guide Dogs on the Identity of People with Visual Impairments (2000)

This paper explores the effect of peoples' association with guide dogs on how they understand and feel about themselves and how they are regarded by those with whom they interact. The concepts of personal, collective, and social identity are used to situate the discussion. Of central importance is the way working with a guide dog shapes public interaction and how owner' self definitions and social identities are extended by being intimately involved in the owner—dog team.
Seismic AVO Analysis for Shallow Hazard Assessments in Stratigraphically Complicated Areas in Onshore Alaska Locations (2016)

Abstract We show how amplitude variation with offset (AVO) analysis can be used to distinguish among 3D seismic indications of shallow gas, coal seams, and coal seam gas (gas contained within coal seams) during shallow pre-drilling hazard assessments for both onshore and transition zone wells in Alaska. These conditions are difficult to distinguish using more conventional seismic interpretation methods, which can lead to incomplete or incorrect shallow drilling hazard assessments in the absence of AVO analysis. The study area is located within the Cook Inlet Basin with a thick Tertiary non-marine strata. Sediments of the strata consists of interbedded claystones, siltstones, sandstones, and conglomerates with a few coal beds. We simulated and analyzed AVO responses for shallow gas, coal seams, and coal seam gas using 2D seismic data collected in the area. Our results indicate that each condition presents a characteristic AVO behavior. Shallow gas accumulations are characterized by Class III AVO behavior, with low impedance gas sands underlying high impedance clays and amplitude increasing with offset. Coal seams are characterized as Class IV AVO behavior, with low impedance coal underlying high impedance clay but amplitude decreasing with offset. If a coal seam contains gas, amplitude phase reversal could occur from the middle angle stack to the far angle stack. Our well log example in existing well 1 indicates predicted gas and coal intervals from AVO analysis are consistent with the findings of the well logs. Predrilling shallow hazard assessment by using this AVO analysis indicates that potential shallow gas and coal seam are anticipated to be encountered.
Pulsed transmission and ringing phenomena in a warm magnetoplasma (2005)

Group velocity of wave packet propagating radially across plasma immersed in static axial magnetic field, examining ringing phenomena due to pulsed transmission
Acoustic profiles in vocal emotion expression. (1996)

Professional actors' portrayals of 14 emotions varying in intensity and valence were presented to judges. The results on decoding replicate earlier findings on the ability of judges to infer vocally expressed emotions with much-better-than-chance accuracy, including consistently found differences in the recognizability of different emotions. A total of 224 portrayals were subjected to digital acoustic analysis to obtain profiles of vocal parameters for different emotions. The data suggest that vocal parameters not only index the degree of intensity typical for different emotions but also differentiate valence or quality aspects. The data are also used to test theoretical predictions on vocal patterning based on the component process model of emotion (K.R. Scherer, 1986). Although most hypotheses are supported, some need to be revised on the basis of the empirical evidence. Discriminant analysis and jackknifing show remarkably high hit rates and patterns of confusion that closely mirror those found for listener-judges.
Towards cost-effective 3D imaging with GPR (2005)

There are two situations that can motivate a GPR user to perform the investigation in a 3D mode rather than in the conventional 2D mode. The first case is when the 2D approach is not enough to achieve a reliable answer to a specific problem while 3D imaging has the potential for solving the problem correctly. The second situation occurs when it is important to facilitate the transmission of the results to the end-user. On the other side, the cost for 3D surveys is often beyond the budget planned by the end-user for the investigations. As a result, it often happens that GPR is applied with the conventional 2D mode or with very poor 3D acquisition schemes producing results that are below the potential of the method. We discuss the problems that affect the execution of 3D surveys and we present some contributions in the direction of making 3D surveys more cost-effective and successful. The major problem is how to drive and monitor the antenna position in order to survey the area with the required in-line and cross-line space interval. Commercial systems (GPS, laser-theodolite, etc.) are not cost-effective or present severe limitations in urban environment. Thus, we present two unconventional solutions that can be more effectively used to perform 3D surveys in a wide range of situations. Acquisition times are strictly related with the space interval. Thus, we discuss the spatial sampling requirements by comparing theory and experimental results. The conclusion is basically that a good positioning system is also essential to work at the limits posed by the Nyquist theory without affecting the quality of the focused images. Finally, we discuss some experiments related with the polarization issue. Of course, the importance of polarization is strongly related with the target of the investigation. As expected, there are situations where the area must be investigated twice, i.e., with the in-line and cross-line orientation of the antenna, so that an important step towards cost-effective 3D surveys would be the production of two-channel equipment with orthogonal antennas embedded in a single compact system.
New perspectives in stem cell research: beyond embryonic stem cells (2011)

Although stem cell research is a rather new field in modern medicine, media soon popularized it. The reason for this hype lies in the potential of stem cells to drastically increase quality of life through repairing aging and diseased organs. Nevertheless, the essence of stem cell research is to understand how tissues are maintained during adult life. In this article, we summarize the various types of stem cells and their differentiation potential in vivo and in vitro. We review current clinical applications of stem cells and highlight problems encountered when going from animal studies to clinical practice. Furthermore, we describe the current state of induced pluripotent stem cell technology and applications for disease modelling and cell replacement therapy.
Chromaffin Granules Release Calcium on Contact with Annexin VI: Implications for Exocytosis (1994)

Chromaffin granules represent a substantial and exchangeable intracellular calcium pool which is thought to be regulated by a sodium/calcium exchange protein and also by a putative inositol trisphosphate-activated calcium channel. A family of calcium-binding proteins, called the annexins, has been shown to bind to chromaffin granules. We have therefore investigated the possible involvement of these proteins in the regulation of chromaffin granule sequestered calcium. Annexin VI (A-VI) produced a concentration-dependent release of 45Ca2+ from chromaffin granules; half-maximal release occurred at 1 microM A-VI, with near-maximum release being at 20 microM A-VI. The A-VI-induced release of 45Ca2+ was rapid, being essentially complete by our first time point of 7 s, and corresponded to 40% of the total sequestered 45Ca2+. A-VI-induced release occurred at extravesicular Ca2+ concentrations ranging from a pCa2+ of 4.12 to 6.86 and also appeared specific to this protein since neither annexin I nor annexin II (tetramer) could evoke any 45Ca2+ release. Given the predominant localization of A-VI to the apical plasmalemma, these results suggest that this protein could participate in the secretory event by mediating the localized release of Ca2+ at sites of contact between the chromaffin granule and plasma membrane.