gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Symbolism Vol. 14 (2014)

Symbolic representation is a crucial subject for and a potent heuristic instrument of diaspora studies. This special focus inquires into the forms and functions of symbols of diaspora both in aesthetic practice and in critical discourse, analyzing and theorizing symbols from Shakespeare to Bollywood as well as in critical writings of theorists of diaspora. What kinds of symbols and symbolic practices, contributors ask, are germane to the representation, both emic and etic, of diasporics and diasporas? How are specific symbols and symbolic practices analyzed across the academic fields contributing to diaspora studies? Which symbols and symbolic practices inform the academic study of diasporas, sometimes unconsciously or without being remarked on? To study these phenomena is to engage in a dialogue that aims at refining the theoretical and methodological vocabulary and practice of truly transdisciplinary diaspora studies while attending to the imperative of specificity that inheres in this emerging field. The volume collects a range of analyses from social anthropology, history and ethnography to literary and film studies, all combining readings of individual symbolic practices with meta-theoretical reflections.
Predictive Converter Control: Hidden Convexity and Real-Time Quadratically Constrained Optimization (2020)

This brief considers model predictive control of voltage source converters with LC filter. The converter model describes the nonlinear effect of the switching on the converter state, and the model predictive control (MPC) problem is thus nonlinear and nonconvex. An in-depth analysis reveals a convex structure of the converter model, and a nonlinear variable transformation is introduced, which allows to equivalently reformulate the MPC problem as a convex, quadratically constrained quadratic problem (QCQP). Thus, a problem, which has previously been formulated as a nonconvex problem and solved approximately, can be solved exactly without approximation error. This brief also contains experimental results showing the practical applicability of the approach: The QCQP is solved in real time at a kilohertz sampling rate using the projected gradient and constraint linearization method FalcOpt.
Development of an automatic system for theon-site pH measurement of soil samples (2017)

Abstract An automatic pH-measurement directly on-site on the farmland requires robust and reliable sensor systems. The massive antimony oxide electrode offers the possibility to determine the acidity in freshly sampled soils within the required range of pH 4 to pH 7 in a short time and without elaborate preparation steps. Some essential steps of the development of an antimony oxide sensor system applicable for the on-site measuring are presented in detail. The introduced set-up is a promising fundament for the establishment of a rapid pH-determination direct on the field.
ChemInform Abstract: PYRROLIZIDIN‐ALKALOIDE, ABSOLUTE KONFIG. AM C‐2 IN MONOCROTALSAEURE (1970)

Abstract Aus der Titelverbindung (I) wird durch Veresterung und Wasserabspaltung der Anhydroester (II) erhalten, der nach Ozonolyse und selektiver Hydrolyse (‐)‐Acetomilchsäuremethylester (III) liefert.
The biology of human survival : life and death in extreme environments (2003)

1. The Human Environment 2. Survival and Adaptation 3. Cross-Acclimation 4. Food for Thought 5. Water and Salt 6. Water That Makes Men Mad 7. Tolerance to Heat 8. Endless Oceans of Sand 9. Hypothermia 10. Life on the Crystal Desert 11. Survival in Cold Water 12. Air as Good as We Deserve 13. Bends and Rapture of the Deep 14. Sunken Submarines 15. Climbing Higher 16. Into the Wild Blue Yonder 17. G Whiz 18. The Gravity of Microgravity 19. Weapons of Mass Destruction 20. Human Prospects for Colonising Space
Chelating Diphosphines That Contain a Rhenium Stereocenter in the Backbone:  Applications in Rhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Ketone Hydrosilylations and Alkene Hydrogenations (2002)

Rhodium chelate complexes of the title diphosphines, ((S)-5, n = 0; (S)-6, n/R = 1/H; (SReSC)- and (SReRC)-7, n/R = 1/Ph), are catalyst precursors (1.0 mol %, 24−26 °C) for additions of Ph2SiH2 to the ketones PhCOCH2R (R = H, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2CH2Cl; 93−77% conversions). Hydrolyses give the alcohols (R)-HOCH(Ph)CH2R in 83−60% isolated yields; configurations correlate with the relative rhenium configurations of the catalysts. The ee values with (S)-6 (63/62/60/92%) exceed those of (S)-5 (44/38/47/48%); ee values of (SReRC)-7 (41/46/62/58%) are higher than those of the diastereomer (SReSC)-7 (23/11/15/35%). The alkenes (Z)-RCHC(NHCOCH3)CO2R‘ (R/R‘ = H/H, Ph/H, Ph/CH3) and H2 (1 atm) react in the presence of (SReSC)- and (SReRC)-7 (0.5 mol %, 30 °C) to give the protected amino acids RCH2CH(NHCOCH3)CO2R‘ in 85−92% yields. The ee values with (SReSC)-7 (37/62/61%) are lower than those found earlier for (S)-6 (62/72/65%) or (S)-5 (92/93/88%), with S enantiomers dominant in all cases. Surprisingly, (SReRC)-7 gave much higher ee values (93/94/97%), but with R enantiomers dominant. Hence, the carbon stereocenter of 7 controls the product configuration.
Fundamentals of the Pulsed Laser Technique for Single-Event Upset Testing (2005)

International audience
Present Status and Recent Developments of the Twisted Stacked-Tape Cable Conductor (2016)

The high magnetic field performance of a 40-tape twisted stacked-tape cable (TSTC) conductor made of 4-mm-width 0.1-mm-thick REBCO tapes was successfully tested. The critical current was 6.0 kA, with the n-value of 35, at 4.2 K with a background field of 17 T. No cyclic load effect was observed between 10 and 17 T with the maximum Lorentz load of 102 kN/m. Various issues, such as sample length, nonuniformity of termination resistances, and soldered joint of a coated tape cable, with regard to a TSTC conductor are discussed. Large-scale conductor designs of various scalable TSTC conductors are discussed, taking into account current densities and stabilizers.
Cloning and sequencing of the cDNAs induced by aluminium treatment and Pi starvation in cultured tobacco cells (1995)

With the ultimate purpose of clarifying the mechanism for aluminium (Al) toxicity and for Al tolerance, we tried to isolate cDNAs whose expression is induced by Al treatment and phosphate (P i ) starvation. We performed P i starvation and Al treatment (two‐step treatment) on suspension‐cultured cells of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Samsun and then constructed a cDNA library using poly(A) + ‐RNA derived from the treated cells. Four independent cDNA clones (pAL 111, 139, 141 and 142) were isolated from the library by differential screening. Northern blot hybridization analysis indicated that the expression of these clones was induced by P i starvation. Furthermore, we found that pAL 111 and pAL 142 are also induced by Al treatment. The complete cDNA sequencing of these 4 clones was determined. The results indicated that pAL111 is identical to the parA gene of N. tabacum , which is described as an auxin‐regulated gene and that pAL142 is highly homologous to the parB gene of N. tabacum whose product has glutathione S‐transferase (GST, EC 2.5.1.18) activity. Furthermore, we found a cysteine‐rich domain in the amino acid sequence of pAL139. No DNA and deduced amino acid sequences homologous to the pAL141 were found.
Improved fast gauss transform and efficient kernel density estimation (2003)

Evaluating sums of multivariate Gaussians is a common computational task in computer vision and pattern recognition, including in the general and powerful kernel density estimation technique. The quadratic computational complexity of the summation is a significant barrier to the scalability of this algorithm to practical applications. The fast Gauss transform (FGT) has successfully accelerated the kernel density estimation to linear running time for low-dimensional problems. Unfortunately, the cost of a direct extension of the FGT to higher-dimensional problems grows exponentially with dimension, making it impractical for dimensions above 3. We develop an improved fast Gauss transform to efficiently estimate sums of Gaussians in higher dimensions, where a new multivariate expansion scheme and an adaptive space subdivision technique dramatically improve the performance. The improved FGT has been applied to the mean shift algorithm achieving linear computational complexity. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our algorithm.
Development of a toolkit for early precision immunochromatographic diagnosis (2016)

A device is developed for automated immunochromatographic assay, designed for one-time tests at the place of occurrence of a disease. The device comprises a turntable platform for up to five strips placed simultaneously, a unit for sample collection and microdosing to a test strip, a detection unit, and a microprocessor control system. A manual, semiautomatic, or automatic operation mode may be selected. Colloidal quantum dots with a luminescence peak from the visible to near-infrared spectral region (600–800 nm) are used as fluorescent labels. A UV-LED or a laser at 365–480 nm can be used as an excitation system; the detection device is a spectrometer with an operation range of 500–800 nm, based on a CCD series of TCD1304DG sensors (Toshiba). RFID tags of samples can re read and the analysis results can be sent to an external computer. The device is made in a plastic case for carrying.
Numerical simulation of pushover tests on a model jack-up platform on clay (2011)

This paper assesses a method for predicting the ultimate capacity and failure mode of a model jack-up platform subjected to monotonic pushover tests on soft clay. Separate structural and geotechnical analyses are incapable of making such predictions, so in this work integrated structural/geotechnical simulations are evaluated against detailed experimental pushover data. The commercial finite-element program Abaqus is used, with standard beam elements representing the jack-up structure and a user-defined element describing the behaviour of each spudcan footing by means of a force-resultant plasticity model. This model takes a macro-element approach by expressing the foundation behaviour purely in terms of the loads on the spudcan and the corresponding displacements. Although the model has proven ability to simulate the single-footing experiments from which it was derived, the load paths experienced by the spudcans of a three-legged jack-up are significantly different. To investigate this, numerical simulations of three experimental pushover tests on a 1:250 scale model jack-up have been performed. The tests represent jack-ups with different leg lengths and load orientations. The integrated numerical modelling approach successfully predicts three different failure modes, although the predictions of ultimate pushover capacity are consistently conservative. Because previously published parameters were used for the foundation model, these predictions demonstrate the versatility of the spudcan model in the context of a multi-footing structure, and confirm the effectiveness of the integrated analysis technique.
N-Channel MOSFETs With Embedded Silicon–Carbon Source/Drain Stressors Formed Using Cluster-Carbon Implant and Excimer-Laser-Induced Solid Phase Epitaxy (2008)

In this letter, we report the use of a novel cluster-carbon (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sub> H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> ) implant and pulsed-excimer-laser-induced solid-phase-epitaxy technique to form embedded silicon-carbon (Si:C) source/drain (S/D) stressors. A substitutional carbon concentration C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sub</sub> of ~ 1.1% was obtained in this letter. N-channel MOSFETs (n-FETs) integrated with embedded silicon-carbon (Si:C) S/D stressors formed using the novel cluster-carbon implant and pulsed-laser-anneal technique demonstrate improvement in current drive of 14% over control n-FETs formed with Si preamorphization implant. I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DSAT</sub> comparison shows a 15% I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DSAT</sub> enhancement for n-FETs with embedded Si:C S/D at an I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> = 1 nA/mum despite a slightly higher series resistance.
Client-Weighted Medium-Transparent MAC Protocol for User-Centric Fairness in 60  GHz Radio-Over-Fiber WLANs (2013)

We present a novel client-weighted medium-transparent medium access control (CW-MT-MAC) protocol with enhanced fairness service delivery properties accompanied by a low-loss remote access unit (RAU) architecture for use in indoor, Gbps-capable, 60&#xA0;GHz radio-over-fiber (RoF) wireless local area networks (WLANs). Our approach relies on incorporating a client-weighted algorithm (CWA) in the optical capacity allocation mechanism employed in the MT-MAC scheme, so as to distribute the available wavelengths to the different antenna units according to the total number of active users served by each individual antenna. The protocol&#x2019;s throughput and delay fairness characteristics are evaluated and validated through both simulations and analytic modeling for saturated network traffic operational conditions. In addition, extended simulation-based performance analysis for nonsaturated network conditions and for different end-user distributions, traffic loads, and available optical wavelengths at 1&#xA0;Gbps data rates is presented. Our results confirm that complete throughput equalization can be achieved even for highly varying user population patterns when certain wavelength availability conditions are satisfied. At the same time, the presented scheme manages to equalize the average packet delays amongst packets generated by all RAUs while concurrently dropping the packet delay variation metric that is essential for quality of service delivery. Finally the proposed RAU design reduces insertion losses by almost 14&#xA0;dB compared to RAU elements used in MT-MAC-compatible bus networks, extending in this way the number of supported RAUs by an order of magnitude and enabling the formation of extended-reach, high-speed RoF WLANs.
Nickel-catalyzed enantioselective allylic alkylation of lactones and lactams with unactivated allylic alcohols (2018)

The first nickel-catalyzed enantioselective allylic alkylation of lactone and lactam substrates to deliver products bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter is reported. The reaction, which utilizes a commercially available chiral bisphosphine ligand, proceeds in good yield with a high level of enantioselectivity (up to 90% ee) on a range of unactivated allylic alcohols for both lactone and lactam nucleophiles. The utility of this method is further highlighted <i>via</i> a number of synthetically useful product transformations.
Cx43 Promotes Endothelial Cell Migration and Angiogenesis via the Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-2 (2021)

The gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43) is associated with increased cell migration and to related changes of the actin cytoskeleton, which is mediated via its C-terminal cytoplasmic tail and is independent of its channel function. Cx43 has been shown to possess an angiogenic potential, however, the role of Cx43 in endothelial cell migration has not yet been investigated. Here, we found that the knock-down of Cx43 by siRNA in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC) reduces migration, as assessed by a wound assay in vitro and impaired aortic vessel sprouting ex vivo. Immunoprecipitation of Cx43 revealed an interaction with the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, which enhanced its phosphatase activity, as observed in Cx43 expressing HeLa cells compared to cells treated with an empty vector. Interestingly, the expression of a dominant negative substrate trapping mutant SHP-2 (CS) in HMEC, via lentiviral transduction, also impaired endothelial migration to a similar extent as Cx43 siRNA compared to SHP-2 WT. Moreover, the reduction in endothelial migration upon Cx43 siRNA could not be rescued by the introduction of a constitutively active SHP-2 construct (EA). Our data demonstrate that Cx43 and SHP-2 mediate endothelial cell migration, revealing a novel interaction between Cx43 and SHP-2, which is essential for this process.
Packing Sparse Convolutional Neural Networks for Efficient Systolic Array Implementations (2019)

This paper describes a novel approach of packing sparse convolutional neural networks into a denser format for efficient implementations using systolic arrays. By combining multiple sparse columns of a convolutional filter matrix into a single dense column stored in the systolic array, the utilization efficiency of the systolic array can be substantially increased (e.g., 8x) due to the increased density of nonzero weights in the resulting packed filter matrix. In combining columns, for each row, all filter weights but the one with the largest magnitude are pruned. The remaining weights are retrained to preserve high accuracy. We study the effectiveness of this joint optimization for both high utilization efficiency and classification accuracy with ASIC and FPGA designs based on efficient bit-serial implementations of multiplier-accumulators. We demonstrate that in mitigating data privacy concerns the retraining can be accomplished with only fractions of the original dataset (e.g., 10% for CIFAR-10). We present analysis and empirical evidence on the superior performance of our column combining approach against prior arts under metrics such as energy efficiency (3x) and inference latency (12x).
Steady-State and Dynamic Performance of a 20-KHZ/400-HZ Power Distribution System for More and All-Electric Aircraft Applications (1994)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The steady-state and dynamic performance of a candidate aircraft power distribution system is considered. The system features distribution of both single phase 20-kHz and three-phase 400-Hz power. It is shown that unlike some other recent 20-kHz systems, the power quality of the 20-kHz bus is not a concern due to the use of a synchronous bi-directional rectifier (SBR) as the primary interface to the 20-kHz bus. In addition to showing that the system behaves adequately in the steady-state, the dynamic performance of the system is considered during step changes in load, bolted faults, and sudden variations in jet engine speed.&lt;/div&gt;
Time and frequency activities at NRC (2011)

The National Research Council of Canada (NRC) is currently involved in a number of research projects aimed at improving time and frequency realization based on the accurate and precise stabilization of microwave and optical sources on atomic and molecular transitions. Projects described in this summary will focus on the development of a primary standard for the realization of the SI second based on a cesium atomic fountain and a next generation standard based on an optical transition in a single trapped and laser cooled ion of strontium. The cesium fountain is undergoing evaluations of its systematic shifts for an eventual contribution to TAI and for a re-measurement of the absolute frequency of the strontium ion clock transition at the 10<sup>-15</sup> level. The main contribution to the uncertainty budget of the fountain is thought to be caused by the inhomogeneity in the magnitude of the magnetic field in the drift region. The latest measurements of this field are presented. A new strontium ion trap of the endcap design was completed last year. This new system has compensation electrodes and access ports in three orthogonal directions to control the ion position and minimize micromotion. We report preliminary results indicating improved performance of this trap over our previous rf Paul trap. As part of an effort to reduce the systematics shifts to a minimum, the heights of the atomic standards above the geoid were measured with an accuracy of 5 cm, corresponding to a fractional frequency uncertainty of 5 &times; 10<sup>-18</sup> for the gravitational redshift.
Supplementary Figure 1 from PI3K and Bcl-2 Inhibition Primes Glioblastoma Cells to Apoptosis through Downregulation of Mcl-1 and Phospho-BAD (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1151K, S1. A) Protein lystates from three established glioblastoma cell lines (U87, LN229, U373), two glioblastoma neurosphere cultures (NCH644 and NCH690) as well as one ex-vivo low-passage glioblastoma neurosphere cell line (GS9-6) were harvested and subjected to immunoblotting for ph-Akt Serine 473, Akt, ph-BAD Serine 136, ph-BAD Serine 112 BAD and Mcl-1. B) U373 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of GDC-0941 (μM concentrations) for 7 hours and then subjected to immunoblotting with antibodies against ph-AKT (Serine 473), Akt and Mcl-1. 14-3-3β protein served as a loading control. C) U373 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of ABT-263 (μM concentrations) for 7 hours and subjected to immunoblotting with antibodies against phosphorylated Akt (Serine 473), Akt and Mcl-1. 14-3-3 protein served as loading control. D) LN229 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of ABT-263 (μM concentrations) for 7 hours and subjected to immunoblotting with antibodies against phosphorylated Akt (Serine 473), Akt and Mcl-1. 14-3-3 protein served as loading control. ABT - ABT-263; GDC - GDC-0941.&lt;/p&gt;
Selective transcriptional profiling for trait‐based eQTL mapping (2006)

There is currently great interest in identifying genetic loci associated with the expression of one or more genes by combining methods for the mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) with microarray technology. Because of the high cost of microarrays, it is useful to develop strategies for selecting a subset of individuals for expression profiling. We describe a method of selective transcriptional profiling that uses available information on individual quantitative traits and marker data to choose an optimal set of individuals for measurement with microarrays. We show how to analyse the resulting data to identify genes whose expression is associated with a QTL for a traditional trait or any other locus. Examples are used to illustrate the method and highlight some challenges associated with the analysis of selected data.
Thermal modulation of skin friction at the finger pad (2023)

Preliminary human studies show that reduced skin temperature minimises the risk of mechanically induced skin damage. However, the mechanisms by which cooling enhances skin tolerance to pressure and shear remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that skin cooling below thermo-neutral conditions will decrease kinetic friction at the skin-material interface. To test our hypothesis, we measured the friction coefficient of a thermally pre-conditioned index finger pad sliding at a normal load (5N) across a plate maintained at three different temperatures (38, 24, and 16 °C) in 8 healthy young adults (29±5y). To quantify the temperature distribution of the skin tissue, we used 3D surface scanning and Optical Coherence Tomography to develop an anatomically representative thermal model of the finger. Our group-level data indicated that the sliding finger with thermally affected tissues (up to 8 mm depth) experienced significantly lower frictional forces (p<0.01) at plate temperatures of 16 °C (i.e. 32% decrease) and 24 °C (i.e. 13% decrease) than at 38 °C, respectively. This phenomenon occurred consistently across participants (i.e. N = 6/8, 75%) and without large changes in skin hydration during sliding. Our complementary experimental and theoretical results provide new insights into thermal modulation of skin friction that can be employed for developing thermal technologies to maintain skin integrity under mechanical loading and shearing.