gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiological evaluation of the anterolateral and posteromedial bundle insertion sites of the posterior cruciate ligament (2009)

Abstract The optimal technique of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction is still controversial. Besides different parameters as surgical technique and graft choice, the exact anatomic placement of the graft is essential for successful reconstruction of the PCL. For intraoperative control and postoperative radiological evaluation of the anatomical placement of the anterolatelateral (ALB) and posteromedial bundle (PMB) of the PCL, the radiological localization of both functional bundles of the PCL has yet to be determined. Therefore, in this descriptive laboratory study, the insertion sites of the ALB and PMB of the PCL on the femur and the common tibial insertion site were macroscopically identified and marked with copper wires in 16 human cadaver specimens. Radiological evaluation of the femoral insertion sites of the ALB and PMB in AP full extension and true lateral radiography was performed using an angle segment transformation based on the tangent of the femoral condyles and a modified reticule system of the quadrant method, respectively. On the tibial site, the footprint of the PCL was defined as ratios of the geometric insertion site with respect to the mediolateral and sagittal diameter of the tibia in AP and true lateral radiography. Femorally, the geometric insertion points of the ALB and PMB were located on the reticule at x = 62 ± 3%/ y = 16 ± 6% and x = 51 ± 5%/ y = 35 ± 7%, respectively; the angle segments for the PMB were between 40 ± 5° and 56 ± 6° and for the ALB were between 56 ± 6° and 76 ± 7°. Tibially, the common insertion point of the PCL was located at 51 ± 2% of the mediolateral diameter of the tibial plateau with respect to the lateral border and 13 ± 2% inferiorly to the medial tibial plateau with respect to the sagittal diameter of the tibial plateau. In conclusion, the knowledge of the anatomical insertion sites of the PCL in standardized radiography may help the orthopaedic surgeon for correct intraoperative placement and postoperative evaluation of the tunnel placement. In addition, the data might be a useful tool for fluoroscopic‐based navigation in PCL reconstruction.
Porous Zr‐Bibenzyldiphosphonate Nanohybrid with Extra Hydroxy Species for Enhancive Upgrading of Biomass‐Based Levulinates (2018)

Abstract Lewis acidic and/or basic sites are typically clarified to play a positive role in the cascade hydrogen transfer and lactonization process, while the influence of Brønsted acid species on the catalyst activity and stability is rarely studied. In this work, a new acid‐base bifunctional hybrid BPhZr with augmented average pore diameter was prepared from the assembly of ([1, 1’‐biphenyl]‐4,4’‐diylbis(methylene))diphosphonic acid with zirconium via a facile solvothermal method. The effects of reaction parameters, substrate scope, and metal ion type were investigated. Besides the promotional effect of moderate Lewis acid/base sites and improved texture properties, the presence of Brønsted acidic species (e. g., –OH) in BPhZr was demonstrated to positively promote the synthesis of γ‐valerolactone (GVL; ca. 95% yield) from levulinates via cascade transfer hydrogenation and lactonization. In comparison with previously reported catalysts, the BPhZr hybrid exhibited a superior activity in terms of TOF (3.2 h −1 ) and activation energy (21 kJ/mol) for the reaction. Moreover, BPhZr was found to be highly stable and recyclable in five consecutive cycles, showing no significant decrease in GVL yield and selectivity.
Energy Storage Characteristics in Sr(1-1.5x)BixTiO3Ceramics (2013)

Due to their poor frequency stability and high dielectric loss compared to common energy storage ceramics, bismuth strontium titanate ceramics are rarely employed for energy storage. This paper systematically researches the energy storage characteristics of Sr(1-1.5x)BixTiO3 ceramics. The bismuth strontium titanate ceramics were prepared via the traditional solid phase sintering method. The experiment results indicate that, as x = 0.100, Sr(1-1.5x)BixTiO3 ceramics possess fine frequency stability, high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, high resistivity, high energy storage efficiency and weak DC electric field dependence of dielectric constant. At 217.6 kV/cm electric field, the energy storage density of Sr(1-1.5x)BixTiO3 ceramic (x = 0.100) reaches 1.63 J/cm3. Therefore, it is a potential dielectric material for energy storage.
Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Minimum Voltage Losses (2017)

Abstract A new strategy for designing ternary solar cells is reported in this paper. A low‐bandgap polymer named PTB7‐Th and a high‐bandgap polymer named PBDTTS‐FTAZ sharing the same bulk ionization potential and interface positive integer charge transfer energy while featuring complementary absorption spectra are selected. They are used to fabricate efficient ternary solar cells, where the hole can be transported freely between the two donor polymers and collected by the electrode as in one broadband low bandgap polymer. Furthermore, the fullerene acceptor is chosen so that the energy of the positive integer charge transfer state of the two donor polymers is equal to the energy of negative integer charge transfer state of the fullerene, enabling enhanced dissociation of all polymer donor and fullerene acceptor excitons and suppressed bimolecular and trap assistant recombination. The two donor polymers feature good miscibility and energy transfer from high‐bandgap polymer of PBDTTS‐FTAZ to low‐bandgap polymer of PTB7‐Th, which contribute to enhanced performance of the ternary solar cell.
A new technique for simulating composite material. Task 2: Analytical solutions with Generalized Impedance Boundary Conditions (GIBCs) (1989)

The diffraction problem associated with a multilayer material slab recessed in a perfectly conducting ground plane is formulated and solved via the Generalized Scattering Matrix Formulation (GSMF) in conjunction with the dual integral equation approach. The multilayer slab is replaced by a surface obeying a generalized impedance boundary condition (GIBC) to facilitate the computation of the pertinent Wiener Hopf split functions and their zeros. Both E(sub z) and H(sub z) polarizations are considered and a number of scattering patterns are presented, some of which are compared to exact results available for a homogeneous recessed slab.
Local Food Waste Recycling Solutions for Addressing the Sustainable Development Goals (2021)

As a social information and communication technology (ICT) pioneer, NTT WEST and its group companies (NTT WEST Group, hereafter) aim to be a corporate group that is well-respected and trusted by the community by using the power of ICT to address local issues and create a sustainable society.NTT FIELDTECHNO, an NTT WEST Group company, whose core business is maintenance work in the regional telecommunication business, has enabled digital transformation of the food-recycling business by using ICT such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence.In partnership with Well Create Co., Ltd., which has excellent technical expertise in composting food residue, in April 2019, we started providing local food waste recycling solutions that contribute to the popularization of food waste recycling.This article introduces initiatives of NTT FIELDTECHNO concerning food waste recycling to address the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals.
Control reconfiguration strategy for Doubly Fed Induction Machine pumped storage unit under balanced grid faults (2014)

This paper proposes a reconfiguration scheme of a control strategy for a Doubly Fed Induction Machine based pump turbine system under balanced grid faults. The start-up and synchronization procedures are initially achieved before pump or turbine mode, with a different control at each of these three working zones. A control reconfiguration method is proposed when balanced grid faults occur during pumping mode. The reconfiguration is performed into two steps. Firstly, the control is switched from the pumping mode one to the control used for synchronization. The second step is to return to the pumping mode. The first step allows the pumping mode control parameters to be adapted to the faulty grid conditions. Study Simulations are carried out on a 4kW laboratory set-up to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Images from an adaptive current tomograph (1988)

The authors have designed, built, and tested an electric current tomograph suitable for applying the adaptive current algorithm described by D. Isaacson et al. (1988). Usable images can be obtained by a relatively primitive reconstruction algorithm. Demonstrable improvement in these images is obtained when optimal current patterns are used.< <ETX>&gt;</ETX>
Mucinases and sialidases: their role in the pathogenesis of sexually transmitted infections in the female genital tract (2001)

Numerous publications were found describing the production of hydrolytic enzymes in sexually transmitted diseases. Because the number of publications exceeded the restrictions imposed on the size of the review, the authors selected and discussed those which they considered of the most relevance to sexually transmitted infections.
L-Basin Microbial Monitoring Program - Evaluation of 20 Years of Monitoring (2021)

The SRNL L-Basin corrosion surveillance and microbial monitoring programs provide early detection and characterization of corrosion attack to the fuel and storage system materials resulting from prolonged exposure to the L-Basin water environment and of changes to and impact of the diverse microbial population, respectively. The early detection of corrosion allows for adjustment of the water quality, engineering management, and fuel storage configurations to mitigate excessive corrosion attack. While microbial influenced corrosion in L-Basin has not been detected, tracking and understanding the effect of microbial populations on the stored fuel and basin water will aid in identifying remedial measures to mitigate any detrimental impact. This report reviews the microbial monitoring activities since initial characterizations in the mid-1990s.
High speed ultrafast laser surface processing (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Surface functionalization is a rapidly growing application for industrial ultrafast lasers. There is an increasing interest for high throughput surface processing, especially for texturing and engraving large manufacturing tools for different industrial fields such as injection molding, embossing and printing. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces, colored or deep black metal surfaces can now be industrially produced. The engraving speed is continuously improving following improvements in beam scanning technology and high average power industrial ultrafast lasers. Several tenths of MHz for the laser repetition rate and several hundreds of meter per second for the beam speed are available. More than 100 m/s scanning speed is then possible for laser surface structuring. But these surfaces are quite hard to produce since it is necessary to have a good compromise between high removal rate and high surface quality (low roughness, burr-free, narrow heat affected zone). In this work, we apply a simple engineering model based on the two temperature description of ultra-fast ablation to estimate key processing parameters. In particular, the pulse-to-pulse overlap which depends on the scanning velocity, the spot size, and the laser repetition rate all have to be adjusted to optimize the depth and roughness, otherwise heat accumulation and heat affected zone may appear. Optimal sequences of time and spatial superposition of pulses are determined and applied with a polygonal scanner. Ablation depth and processing speed obtained are compared with experimental results.
Variation in DNA content of immature normal bone marrow cells (1993)

A variability in DNA content detected was found with image cytometry, in immature bone marrow cells from 13 healthy donors (median age 31 yr). The mean coefficient of variation (C.V.) of the DNA content was found to be significantly (P = 0.0002) higher in immature blasts and promyelocytes than in mature granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes. The finding was not due to high DNA contents secondary to DNA-synthesis in immature cells, since the percentage of such cells with a reduced DNA content was also significantly (P = 0.0424-0.0002) increased. The error of the method expressed as the variance of multiple measurements has been found to be 0.0002-0.0004. A staining error has been found for some hydrolysis times, but not for times between 60 and 120 minutes. A measuring error was found for an average of 1.38 to 3.38% of the cells. If many normal cells with DNA-aneuploidy are sterile, this would explain the present findings as well as previous ones about intra-marrow cell death, and also the fact that the variability in DNA content could not be detected with cytogenetic or flow cytometric methods.
Electronic Transport Properties of Silicane Determined from First Principles (2019)

Silicane, a hydrogenated monolayer of hexagonal silicon, is a candidate material for future complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. We determined the phonon-limited mobility and the velocity-field characteristics for electrons and holes in silicane from first principles, relying on density functional theory. Transport calculations were performed using a full-band Monte Carlo scheme. Scattering rates were determined from interpolated electron-phonon matrix elements determined from density functional perturbation theory. We found that the main source of scattering for electrons and holes was the ZA phonons. Different cut-off wavelengths ranging from 0.58 nm to 16 nm were used to study the possible suppression of the out-of-plane acoustic (ZA) phonons. The low-field mobility of electrons (holes) was obtained as 5 (10) cm<sup>2</sup>/(Vs) with a long wavelength ZA phonon cut-off of 16 nm. We showed that higher electron (hole) mobilities of 24 (101) cm<sup>2</sup>/(Vs) can be achieved with a cut-off wavelength of 4 nm, while completely suppressing ZA phonons results in an even higher electron (hole) mobility of 53 (109) cm<sup>2</sup>/(Vs). Velocity-field characteristics showed velocity saturation at 3 × 10<sup>5</sup> V/cm, and negative differential mobility was observed at larger fields. The silicane mobility was competitive with other two-dimensional materials, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides or phosphorene, predicted using similar full-band Monte Carlo calculations. Therefore, silicon in its most extremely scaled form remains a competitive material for future nanoscale transistor technology, provided scattering with out-of-plane acoustic phonons could be suppressed.
Epidemiological Study of Sepsis in China (2016)

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02448472; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02448472.
Retinoids cause apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells via activation of RAR-γ and altered expression of Bcl-2/Bax (2002)

All-trans-retinoic acid and 9-cis-retinoic acid have been reported to have inhibitory effects on pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells and we have shown that this is partly due to induction of apoptosis. In this study, the mechanisms whereby 9-cis-retinoic acid induces apoptosis in these cells were investigated. An involvement of the Bcl-2 family of proteins was shown, such that 9-cis-retinoic acid causes a decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Overexpression of Bcl-2 also resulted in inhibition of apoptosis induced by 9-cis-retinoic acid. Furthermore, two broad-range caspase inhibitors blocked DNA fragmentation induced by 9-cis-retinoic acid, but had no effect on viability defined by mitochondrial activity. Using synthetic retinoids, which bind selectively to specific retinoic acid receptor subtypes, we further established that activation of retinoic acid receptor-gamma is essential for induction of apoptosis. Only pan-retinoic acid receptor and retinoic acid receptor-gamma selective agonists reduced viability and a cell line expressing very low levels of retinoic acid receptor-gamma is resistant to the effects of 9-cis-retinoic acid. A retinoic acid receptor-beta/gamma selective antagonist also suppressed the cytotoxic effects of 9-cis-retinoic acid in a dose-dependent manner. This study provides important insight into the mechanisms involved in suppression of pancreatic tumour cell growth by retinoids. Our results encourage further work evaluating the clinical use of receptor subtype selective retinoids in pancreatic carcinoma.
Growth Inhibition of Thompson Seedless and Napa Gamay Berries by Heat Stress and its Partial Reversibility by Applications of Growth Regulators (1986)

Berries on Thompson Seedless grapevines exposed to 40°C for four days during Stage I of berry development were delayed in ripening, smaller in size, and contained lower total soluble solids and titratable acidity at harvest as compared to those on vines grown in the greenhouse (non-stressed control). Berries on heat-stressed vines treated with either gibberellic acid-3 (GA<sub>3</sub> or GA) alone or Promalin, a mixture of gibberellin-4 and gibberellin-7 (GA<sub>4</sub> and GA<sub>7</sub>) and benzyladenine (BA), were consistently smaller in size and lower in soluble solids and acidity than comparably-treated berries on non-stressed vines. The endogenous level of GA-like substances in stressed berries was lower than that of non-stressed fruit, but it followed the same seasonal pattern indicating that heat stress reduces the capacity of berries to synthesize or import these hormones. Exogenous applications of hormones partially overcame the effect of high temperatures. Napa Gamay berries exposed to 43°C for four days or at 40°C for eight days responded similarly to those of Thompson Seedless.
Potential effects of allyl isothiocyanate on inhibiting cellular proliferation and inducing apoptotic pathway in human cisplatin-resistant oral cancer cells (2020)

AITC can inhibit Akt/mTOR proliferation signaling and promote mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway through AITC-enhanced activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in CAR cells.
AC and/or DC substantial power upgrading of existing OHTL corridors (1991)

The ever increasing difficulty to find new right of ways (ROW) for the construction of overhead transmission lines (OHTL) is forcing the study of possible alternatives for substantial power upgrading of existing AC line corridors. One possible solution is to modify existing OHTLs without major new construction. The authors discuss the two main methods of modification. Conversion of both double circuit and single circuit HVAC lines to bipolar and monopolar lines respectively; and substitution of both double circuit and single circuit old HVAC lines with new compact EHV lines having horizontal V assemblies and with the possible reutilization of existing tower location. The upgrading possibility offered by the above methods is analyzed with due considerations to the various design criteria relevant to conductors, structural/insulation/losses/environmental effects.
Promising lanthanide-doped BiVO4 phosphors for highly efficient upconversion luminescence and temperature sensing (2020)

The semiconductor oxide BiVO<sub>4</sub> has been intensively studied as a highly efficient photocatalyst. Here we attempt to adopt trivalent lanthanide (Ln<sup>3+</sup>)-doped BiVO<sub>4</sub> as a novel upconversion luminescence (UCL) material for achieving high-efficiency UCL and temperature sensing under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. Er<sup>3+</sup>/Tm<sup>3+</sup>, Yb<sup>3+</sup>/Er<sup>3+</sup>, and Yb<sup>3+</sup>/Tm<sup>3+</sup> ions were selected to co-dope the BiVO<sub>4</sub> phosphors, achieving three primary colors of red, green, and blue (RGB) with high color-purity. At an optimal doping concentration, the upconversion quantum yield of the BiVO<sub>4</sub>:8%Yb<sup>3+</sup>,18%Er<sup>3+</sup> phosphor reaches as high as 2.9%. Furthermore, we, for the first time, demonstrate the non-contact temperature sensing properties of a BiVO<sub>4</sub>:Er<sup>3+</sup>,Tm<sup>3+</sup> phosphor via employing fluorescence intensity ratio technology. The results show that the maximum absolute thermal sensitivity is ≈70 × 10<sup>-4</sup> K<sup>-1</sup> at 473 K under 980 nm excitation, with high and stable sensitivity of more than 60 × 10<sup>-4</sup> K<sup>-1</sup> over a wide temperature range of 333-493 K. In addition, at a much safer wavelength of 1550 nm, this sample achieves maximum absolute sensitivity of 56 × 10<sup>-4</sup> K<sup>-1</sup> at 453 K. Moreover, the BiVO<sub>4</sub>:Er<sup>3+</sup>,Tm<sup>3+</sup> phosphor presents high relative sensitivity of about 1.1% K<sup>-1</sup> under both 980 and 1550 nm excitation at 293 K. These results indicate that the BiVO<sub>4</sub> semiconductor oxide can be used as a novel host to achieve high UCL efficiency and promising thermal sensing performance, suggesting potential applications in the new fields of anti-counterfeiting, displays, and non-contact temperature sensors.
Solution Lasing: Optical Microfluidic Waveguides and Solution Lasers of Colloidal Semiconductor Quantum Wells (Adv. Mater. 10/2021) (2021)

An ultralow-threshold microfluidic single-mode laser is demonstrated by Emine Yegan Erdem, Hilmi Volkan Demir, and co-workers in article number 2007131, who use an on-chip cavity that has a colloidal quantum well solution as a microfluidic gain medium, which shows a record-low threshold among all solution-based lasers of 68 μJ cm−2. This work presents a significant step toward the realization of practical solution-based lasers from colloidal nanocrystals integrated into microfluidic devices designed for sensing and imaging applications.
Triethyl Citrate (TEC) as a Dispersing Aid in Polylactic Acid/Chitin Nanocomposites Prepared via Liquid-Assisted Extrusion (2017)

The production of fully bio-based and biodegradable nanocomposites has gained attention during recent years due to environmental reasons; however, the production of these nanocomposites on the large-scale is challenging. Polylactic acid/chitin nanocrystal (PLA/ChNC) nanocomposites with triethyl citrate (TEC) at varied concentrations (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 wt %) were prepared using liquid-assisted extrusion. The goal was to find the minimum amount of the TEC plasticizer needed to enhance the ChNC dispersion. The microscopy study showed that the dispersion and distribution of the ChNC into PLA improved with the increasing TEC content. Hence, the nanocomposite with the highest plasticizer content (7.5 wt %) showed the highest optical transparency and improved thermal and mechanical properties compared with its counterpart without the ChNC. Gel permeation chromatography confirmed that the water and ethanol used during the extrusion did not degrade PLA. Further, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed improved interaction between PLA and ChNC through hydrogen bonding when TEC was added. All results confirmed that the plasticizer plays an important role as a dispersing aid in the processing of PLA/ChNC nanocomposites.